cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dark matter, dark energy and modern cosmology: the case for a Kuhnian paradigm shift
Creators: name: Horvath, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several works in the last few years devoted to measure fundamental probes of contemporary cosmology have suggested the existence of a delocalized dominant component (the "dark energy"), in addition to the several-decade-old evidence for "dark matter" other than ordinary baryons, both assuming the description of gravity to be correct. Either we are faced to accept the ignorance of at least 95 % of the content of the universe or consider a deep change of the conceptual framework to understand the data. Thus, the situation seems to be completely favorable for a Kuhnian paradigm shift in either particle physics or cosmology. We attempt to offer here a brief discussion of these issues from this particular perspective, arguing that the situation qualifies as a textbook Kuhnian anomaly, and offer a tentative identification of some of the actual elements typically associated with the paradigm shift process "in the works" in contemporary science.
description: 16 pp. 2 .ps figures
Spectral Index of the Diffuse Radio Background Measured From 100 to 200 MHz
Creators: name: Rogers, Alan E. E.
name: Bowman, Judd D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mean absolute brightness temperature of the diffuse radio background was measured as a function of frequency in a continuous band between 100 and 200 MHz over an effective solid angle of ~pi str at high Galactic latitude. A spectral brightness temperature index of beta = 2.5 +/- 0.1 (alpha_s = 0.5) was derived from the observations, where the error limits are 3-sigma and include estimates of the instrumental systematics. Zenith drift scans with central declinations of -26.5 degrees and spanning right ascensions 0 to 10 hours yielded little variation in the mean spectral index. The mean absolute brightness temperature at 150 MHz was found to reach a minimum of T = 237 +/- 10 K at a right ascension of 2.5 hours. Combining these measurements with those of Haslam et al. 1982 yields a spectral index of beta = 2.52 +/- 0.04 between 150 and 408 MHz.
description: 8 pages including 7 figures and 4 tables. Accepted by AJ
New Operation and Planning tools/models for High PV Penetration Grids
Creators: S. Kiliccote
N. Samaan
M. Reno
B. Hodge
A. Flueck
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2018

2018 PES T&D Panel Presentation
This panel will present the latest tools developed or under development by national labs and research institutes funded by the DOE Sunlamp Program and will include topics such as an overview of the DOE Sunlamp Program; a tool suite for improving grid performance and reliability of combined transmission-distribution with high solar penetration; enabling high penetration of distributed PV through the optimization of subtransmission voltage regulation; rapid QSTS simulations for high-resolution comprehensive assessment of distributed PV; opportunistic hybrid communications systems for distributed PV coordination; and visualization and analytics of distribution systems with deep penetration of distributed energy resources (VADER).
Interruption Reduction using Battery Energy Storage Systems in Secondary Subtations
Creators: Arun Narayanan
Tero Kaipia
Jarmo Partanen
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2017

2017 PES ISGT Europe
This presentation was part of the 7th IEEE International Conference on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies: ISGT Europe 2017, sponsored by the IEEE Power & Energy Society (PES). The conference was held from on September 26-29, 2017 at Politecnico di Torino in Torino, Italy.
The Cosmological OTOC: A New Proposal for Quantifying Auto-Correlated Random Non-Chaotic Primordial Fluctuations
Creators: name: Choudhury, Sayantan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The underlying physical concept of computing out-of-time-ordered correlation (OTOC) is a significant new tool within the framework of quantum field theory, which now-a-days is treated as a measure of random fluctuations. In this paper, by following the canonical quantization technique, we demonstrate a computational method to quantify the two different types of cosmological auto-correlated OTO functions during the epoch when the non-equilibrium features dominates in primordial cosmology. In this formulation, two distinct dynamical time scales are involved to define the quantum mechanical operators arising from the cosmological perturbation scenario. We have provided detailed explanation regarding the necessity of this new formalism to quantify any random events generated from quantum fluctuations in primordial cosmology. We have performed an elaborative computation for the two types of two-point and four-point auto-correlated OTO functions in terms of the cosmological perturbation field variables and its canonically conjugate momenta to quantify random auto-correlations in the non-equilibrium regime. For both of the cases, we found significantly distinguishable non-chaotic, but random, behaviour in the OTO auto-correlations, which was not pointed out before in this type of study. Finally, we have also demonstrated the classical limiting behaviour of the mentioned two types of auto-correlated OTOC functions from the thermally weighted phase-space averaged Poisson brackets, which we found to exactly match the large time limiting behaviour of the auto-correlations in the super-horizon regime of the cosmological scalar mode fluctuation.
description: 152 pages, 38 figures, This project is the part of "Quantum Structures of the Space-Time and Matter (QASTM)". Published in Symmetry (Special Issue "Physics and Symmetry Section: Feature Papers 2021"). This work is the sequel of arXiv:2005.11750 [hep-th]
A new modified-rate approach for gas-grain chemical simulations
Creators: name: Garrod, R. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding grain-surface processes is crucial to interpreting the chemistry of the ISM. However, accurate surface chemistry models are computationally expensive and are difficult to integrate with gas-phase simulations. A new modified-rate method for solving grain-surface chemical systems is presented. Its purpose is accurately to model highly complex systems that can otherwise only be treated using the sometimes inadequate rate-equation approach. In contrast to previous rate-modification techniques, the functional form of the surface production rates was modified, and not simply the rate coefficient. This form is appropriate to the extreme "small-grain" limit, and can be verified using an analytical master-equation approach. Various further modifications were made to this basic form, to account for competition between processes, to improve estimates of surface occupation probabilities, and to allow a switch-over to the normal rate equations where these are applicable. The new method was tested against systems solved previously using exact techniques. Even the simplest method is quite accurate, and a great improvement over rate equations. Further modifications allow the master-equation results to be reproduced exactly for the methanol-producing system, within computational accuracy. Small discrepancies arise when non-zero activation energies are assumed for the methanol system, which result from complex reaction-competition processes that cannot be resolved easily without using exact methods. Inaccuracies in computed abundances are never greater than a few tens of percent, and typically of the order of one percent, in the most complex systems tested. Implementation of the method in simple networks, including hydrogen-only systems, is trivial, whilst the results are highly accurate.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics. 14 pages, 5 figures, 7 tables
title: Der öffentlich inszenierte Heiratsantrag: utopisches Glücksversprechen oder emotionale Manipulation?
Creators: name: Mangione, Vanessa
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Ehe
subject: Eventisierung
subject: Gender
subject: Heiratsantrag
subject: Inszenierung
subject: Macht
subject: Romantik
subject: ddc:300

description: Der Beitrag befasst sich mit der Eventisierung und öffentlichen Inszenierung von Heiratsanträgen und den dort ausgespielten Machtverhältnissen der Geschlechter. Durch den Kapitalismus und die damit verbundene Veränderung des europäischen Konzepts der romantischen Liebe sowie die heutige Instabilität von Partnerbeziehungen entwickelte sich der öffentlich inszenierte Heiratsantrag. Anhand von vier populären Anträgen im Internet wird gezeigt, dass diese Art des Antrags das traditionelle Rollenmuster von Mann und Frau verstärkt.
Pierwsze stwierdzenie Brassicogethes humerosus (Reitter, 1871) (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) w Polsce
Creators: name: Andrzej Lasoń
name: Bernard Kawka
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Cucujoidea, Meligethinae, Poland

description: First record of Brassicogethes humerosus (Reitter, 1871) (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) in Poland.The species of sap beetle, Brassicogethes humerosus ( Reitter, 1871) was found on blooming flowers at the location in Bieszczady Moutains. The species considered to be a Central-South Eastern-European (mountain) element.
Talbot self-imaging and two-photon interference in ring-core fibers
Creators: name: Eriksson, Matias
name: Stickler, Benjamin A.
name: Kopf, Lea
name: Hiekkamäki, Markus
name: Gumenyuk, Regina
name: Chamorovskiy, Yuri
name: Ramelow, Sven
name: Fickler, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wave propagation on the surface of cylinders exhibits interferometric self imaging, much like the Talbot effect in the near-field diffraction at periodic gratings. We report the experimental observation of the cylindrical Talbot carpet in weakly-guiding ring-core fibers for classical light fields. We further show that the ring-core fiber acts as a high-order optical beamsplitter for single photons, whose output can be controlled by the relative phase between the input light fields. By also demonstrating high-quality two-photon interference between indistinguishable photons sent into the ring-core fiber, our findings open the door to applications in optical telecommunications as a compact beam multiplexer as well as in quantum information processing tasks as a scalable realization of a linear optical network.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Manipulating the torsion of molecules by strong laser pulses
Creators: name: Madsen, C. B.
name: Madsen, L. B.
name: Viftrup, S. S.
name: Johansson, M. P.
name: Poulsen, T. B.
name: Holmegaard, L.
name: Kumarappan, V.
name: Jorgensen, K. A.
name: Stapelfeldt, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A proof-of-principle experiment is reported, where torsional motion of a molecule, consisting of a pair of phenyl rings, is induced by strong laser pulses. A nanosecond laser pulse spatially aligns the carbon-carbon bond axis, connecting the two phenyl rings, allowing a perpendicularly polarized, intense femtosecond pulse to initiate torsional motion accompanied by an overall rotation about the fixed axis. The induced motion is monitored by femtosecond time-resolved Coulomb explosion imaging. Our theoretical analysis accounts for and generalizes the experimental findings.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, submitted to PRL; Major revision of the presentation of the material; Correction of ion labels in Fig. 2(a)
Giant Star Forming Complexes in High-z Main Sequence Galaxy Analogues: The Internal Structure of Clumps in DYNAMO Galaxies
Creators: name: Lenkić, Laura
name: Bolatto, Alberto D.
name: Fisher, Deanne B.
name: Glazebrook, Karl
name: Obreschkow, Danail
name: Abraham, Roberto
name: Ambachew, Liyualem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To indirectly study the internal structure of giant clumps in main sequence galaxies at $z \sim 1-3$, we target very turbulent and gas-rich local analogues from the DYNAMO sample with the Hubble Space Telescope, over a wavelength range of $\sim 200-480$ nm. We present a catalog of 58 clumps identified in six DYNAMO galaxies, including the WFC3/UVIS F225W, F336W, and F467M photometry where the ($225-336$) and ($336-467$) colours are sensitive to extinction and stellar population age respectively. We measure the internal colour gradients of clumps themselves to study their age and extinction properties. We find a marked colour trend within individual clumps, where the resolved colour distributions show that clumps generally have bluer ($336-467$) colours (denoting very young ages) in their centers than at their edges, with little variation in the ($225-336$) colour associated with extinction. Furthermore, we find that clumps whose colours suggest they are older, are preferentially located closer toward the centers of their galaxies, and we find no young clumps at small galactocentric distances. Both results are consistent with simulations of high-redshift star forming systems that show clumps form via violent disk instability, and through dynamic processes migrate to the centers of their galaxies to contribute to bulge growth on timescales of a few 100 Myr, while continually forming stars in their centers. When we compare the DYNAMO clumps to those in these simulations, we find the best agreement with the long-lived clumps.
description: 23 pages, 15 figures, resubmitted to MNRAS after first review
title: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface
Creators: name: Lerner, Benjamin S.
name: Bodík, Rastislav
name: Krishnamurthi, Shriram
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Front Matter
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Preface

description: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface
description: LIPIcs, Vol. 71, 2nd Summit on Advances in Programming Languages (SNAPL 2017), pages 0:i-0:viii
Ordering of localized electronic states in multiferroic TbMnO3: a soft X-ray resonant scattering study
Creators: name: Forrest, T. R.
name: Bland, S. R.
name: Wilkins, S. B.
name: Walker, H. C.
name: Beale, T. A. W.
name: Hatton, P. D.
name: Prabhakaran, D.
name: Boothroyd, A. T.
name: Mannix, D.
name: Yakhou, F.
name: McMorrow, D. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Soft X-ray resonant scattering (XRS) has been used to observe directly, for the first time, the ordering of localized electronic states on both the Mn and Tb sites in multiferroic TbMnO$_3$. Large resonant enhancement of the X-ray scattering cross-section were observed when the incident photon energy was tuned to either the Mn $L$ or Tb $M$ edges which provide information on the Mn 3d and Tb $4f$ electronic states, respectively. The temperature dependence of the XRS signal establishes, in a model independent way, that in the high-temperature phase (28 K $\leq$ T $\leq$ 42 K) the Mn 3d sublattices displays long-range order. The Tb $4f$ sublattices are found to order only on entering the combined ferroelectric/magnetic state below 28 K. Our results are discussed with respect to recent hard XRS experiments (sensitive to spatially extended orbitals) and neutron scattering.
description: 9 pages, paper has been accepted for publication in Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter as a fast track communication
Milky Way type galaxies in a LCDM cosmology
Creators: name: De Rossi, Maria E.
name: Tissera, Patricia B.
name: De Lucia, Gabriella
name: Kauffmann, Guinevere
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse a sample of 52,000 Milky Way (MW) type galaxies drawn from the publicly available galaxy catalogue of the Millennium Simulation with the aim of studying statistically the differences and similarities of their properties in comparison to our Galaxy. Model galaxies are chosen to lie in haloes with maximum circular velocities in the range 200-250 km/seg and to have bulge-to-disk ratios similar to that of the Milky Way. We find that model MW galaxies formed quietly through the accretion of cold gas and small satellite systems. Only 12 per cent of our model galaxies experienced a major merger during their lifetime. Most of the stars formed in situ, with only about 15 per cent of the final mass gathered through accretion. Supernovae and AGN feedback play an important role in the evolution of these systems. At high redshifts, when the potential wells of the MW progenitors are shallower, winds driven by supernovae explosions blow out a large fraction of the gas and metals. As the systems grow in mass, SN feedback effects decrease and AGN feedback takes over, playing a more important role in the regulation of the star formation activity at lower redshifts. Although model Milky Way galaxies have been selected to lie in a narrow range of maximum circular velocities, they nevertheless exhibit a significant dispersion in the final stellar masses and metallicities. Our analysis suggests that this dispersion results from the different accretion histories of the parent dark matter haloes. Statically, we also find evidences to support the Milky Way as a typical Sb/Sc galaxy in the same mass range, providing a suitable benchmark to constrain numerical models of galaxy formation
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, mne2.cls, MNRAS, replaced with accepted version
Entropy of Reissner-Nordström-like black holes
Creators: name: Blagojević, Milutin
name: Cvetković, Branislav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In Poincaré gauge theory, black hole entropy is defined canonically by the variation of a boundary term $Γ_H$, located at horizon. For a class of static and spherically symmetric black holes in vacuum, the explicit formula reads $δΓ_H=TδS$, where $T$ is black hole temperature and $S$ entropy. Here, we analyze a new member of the same class, the Reissner-Nordström-like black hole with torsion [1], where the electric charge of matter is replaced by a gravitational parameter, induced by the existence of torsion. This parameter affects $δΓ_H$ in a way that ensures the validity of the first law.
description: LaTex, 10 pages; v2: math symbols in abstract corrected
Entropy and Poincaré recurrence from a geometrical viewpoint
Creators: name: Varandas, Paulo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37B20, 37A35, 37C45

description: We study Poincaré recurrence from a purely geometrical viewpoint. We prove that the metric entropy is given by the exponential growth rate of return times to dynamical balls. This is the geometrical counterpart of Ornstein-Weiss theorem. Moreover, we show that minimal return times to dynamical balls grow linearly with respect to its length. Finally, some interesting relations between recurrence, dimension, entropy and Lyapunov exponents of ergodic measures are given.
description: 11 pages, revised version
Multiband effects on the upper critical field angular dependence of 122-family iron pnictide superconductors
Creators: name: Llovo, I. F.
name: Carballeira, C.
name: Sóñora, D.
name: Pereiro, A.
name: Ponte, J. J.
name: Salem-Sugui, S.
name: Sefat, A. S.
name: Mosqueira, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detailed measurements of the in-plane resistivity were performed in a high-quality Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_{x}$)$_2$As$_2$ ($x=0.065$) single crystal, in magnetic fields up to 9 T and with different orientations $θ$ relative to the crystal $c$ axis. A significant $ρ(T)_{H,θ}$ rounding is observed just above the superconducting critical temperature $T_c$ due to Cooper pairs created by superconducting fluctuations. These data are analyzed in terms of a generalization of the Aslamazov-Larkin approach, that extends its applicability to high reduced-temperatures and magnetic fields. This method allows us to carry out a criterion-independent determination of the angular dependence of the upper critical field, $H_{c2}(θ)$. In spite of the relatively small anisotropy of this compound, it is found that $H_{c2}(θ)$ presents a significant deviation from the single-band 3D anisotropic Ginzburg-Landau (3D-aGL) approach, particularly for large $θ$ (typically above $\sim60^o$). These results are interpreted in terms of the multiband nature of these materials, in contrast with other proposals for similar $H_{c2}(θ)$ anomalies. Our results are also consistent with an effective anisotropy factor almost temperature independent near $T_c$, a result that differs from the ones obtained by using a single-band model.
description: 14 pages including 7 figures. This is a preprint of an article published in Scientific Reports. The final authenticated version is available online at: https://rdcu.be/clIHJ
The TESS View of LOFAR Radio-Emitting Stars
Creators: name: Pope, Benjamin J. S.
name: Callingham, Joseph R.
name: Feinstein, Adina D.
name: Günther, Maximilian N.
name: Vedantham, Harish K.
name: Ansdell, Megan
name: Shimwell, Timothy W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent detection of the M dwarf GJ 1151 at 144 MHz low radio frequencies using LOFAR has been interpreted as evidence of an exoplanet magnetically interacting with its host star. This would be the first exoplanet detected around a main sequence star by a radio telescope. Radial velocity confirmation of such a planet has proven inconclusive, and it remains possible that the radio emission could be generated by a stellar coronal process. Using data from TESS, we shed light on this question by probing the stellar activity and flares of GJ 1151 as well as fourteen other M dwarfs detected by LOFAR. GJ 1151 and three other star-planet interaction candidates are found to be inactive, with no rotational modulation and few, if any, flares. The remainder of the LOFAR detected M dwarfs flare frequently. We consider it unlikely that stellar activity is responsible for the bright, circularly-polarized emission from GJ 1151 and its three analogs, and support the star-planet magnetic interaction interpretation.
description: ApJL: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/2041-8213/ac230c
Feasibility Study of OFDM-MFSK Modulation Scheme for Smart Metering Technology
Creators: Ghaith Al-Juboori
Angela Doufexi
Andrew Nix
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2017

2017 PES ISGT Europe
This presentation was part of the 7th IEEE International Conference on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies: ISGT Europe 2017, sponsored by the IEEE Power & Energy Society (PES). The conference was held from on September 26-29, 2017 at Politecnico di Torino in Torino, Italy.
The Evolving HVDC Grid in Europe and Related Activities
Creators: T. Sennewald
S. Chatzivasileiadis
H. Koch
C. MacIver
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2018

2018 PES GM Panel Presentation
The energy revolution in Europe places new requirements on the transmission grid. If it comes to large scale wind power integration in the north of Europe, as well as bulk solar power production in south, long distance bulk power transmission becomes integral part of an entirely new power system where new controllable devices will operate to make transmission smarter and more efficient. In the last consequence, a new network layer based on HVDC technology may arise which is referred to as an overlay grid in Europe. This session is about activities carried out in Europe and focusing offshore HVDC grids, recent HVDC projects in Europe as well as on meshed HVDC grids in terms of visions, technology and operational issues.
Relativistic relative velocities and relativistic acceleration
Creators: name: Koczan, Grzegorz M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.2
subject: 83A05 (Primary), 20N05, 53A40, 70B05 (Secondary)

description: It turns out that the standard application of the four-vector SR formalism does not include the concept of relative velocity. Only the absolute velocity is described by the four-vector, and even the Lorentz transformation parameters is described by the three-dimensional velocity. This gap in the development of the SR formalism reflects the lack of some significant velocity subtraction operations. The differential application of these operations leads to a relativistic acceleration.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, 23 references, 66 equations
Radiation-hydrodynamics simulations of surface convection in low-mass stars: connections to stellar structure and asteroseismology
Creators: name: Ludwig, Hans-G.
name: Caffau, Elisabetta
name: Kucinskas, Arunas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radiation-hydrodynamical simulations of surface convection in low-mass stars can be exploited to derive estimates of i) the efficiency of the convective energy transport in the stellar surface layers; ii) the convection-related photometric micro-variability. We comment on the universality of the mixing-length parameter, and point out potential pitfalls in the process of its calibration which may be in part responsible for the contradictory findings about its variability across the Hertzsprung-Russell digramme. We further comment on the modelling of the photometric micro-variability in HD49933 - one of the first main COROT targets.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, Proceedings paper of IAU Symposium 252
The European Commission’s "Reflection Paper on Harnessing Globalisation". 2017/12
Creators: name: Chiocchetti, Paolo
Publisher: name: RESuME
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Globalization
subject: Mondialisation
subject: European Union
subject: Union européenne
subject: Trade Policy
subject: Politique commerciale

description: The new EC reflection paper on globalisation sets new accents, but contains no major departure from current policy orientations. It takes a clear stand for free trade, while attacking "unfair competition" and arguing for a "balanced, rules-based and progressive trade and investment agenda". Despite its insistence on a managed globalisation and a fair redistribution of its benefits, its proposals are unlikely to allay domestic anxieties and external criticism.
Harmonic Modeling and Stability of Renewable Energy Systems
Creators: T. Noda
M. Val Escudero
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2018

2018 PES GM Panel Presentation
The ever-increasing penetration of power-electronic-based renewables is challenging the power quality and stability of electric power grids. Classical low-order harmonic profiles are expected to change while high-order harmonic distortions are being aggravated by the fast switching operations of electronic power converters. The wide timescale control dynamics tend to cause interactions among converters in renewable energy systems, such as wind/photovoltaic power plants, distribution/micro-grids, and further with the power supply network. There is consequently a great interest in the academia and industry on the need of properly modeling grid-connected power converters for harmonic studies. Both wind and photovoltaic systems will be addressed at all voltage levels (low, medium and high voltage). The panelists will present theoretical aspects and practical case studies.
Monopoles and vortices in Yang-Mills plasma
Creators: name: Chernodub, M. N.
name: Zakharov, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the role of magnetic degrees of freedom in Yang-Mills plasma at temperatures above and of order of the critical temperature Tc. While at zero temperature the magnetic degrees of freedom are condensed and electric degrees of freedom are confined, at the point of the phase transition both magnetic and electric degrees of freedom are released into the thermal vacuum. This phenomenon might explain the observed unusual properties of the plasma.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures; based on talks at 13th Lomonosov Conference, Moscow, Russia, August 23 - 29, 2007; and at the conference "Strong Coupling: from Lattice to AdS/CFT", Florence, Italy, June 3 - 5, 2008. To appear in a special issue of Physics of Atomic Nuclei
Star-forming Dwarf Galaxies in Filamentary Structures around the Virgo Cluster: Probing Chemical Pre-processing in Filament Environments
Creators: name: Chung, Jiwon
name: Kim, Suk
name: Rey, Soo-Chang
name: Lee, Youngdae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been proposed that the filament environment is closely connected to the pre-processing of galaxies, where their properties may have been changed by environmental effects in the filament before they fell into the galaxy cluster. We present the chemical properties of star-forming dwarf galaxies (SFDGs) in five filamentary structures (Virgo III, Leo Minor, Leo II A, Leo II B, and Canes Venatici) around the Virgo cluster using the Sloan Digital Sky Survey optical spectroscopic data and Galaxy Evolution Explorer ultraviolet photometric data. We investigate the relationship between stellar mass, gas-phase metallicity, and specific star formation rate (sSFR) of SFDGs in the Virgo filaments in comparison to those in the Virgo cluster and field. We find that, at a given stellar mass, SFDGs in the Virgo filaments show lower metallicity and higher sSFR than those in the Virgo cluster on average. We observe that SFDGs in the Virgo III filament show enhanced metallicities and suppressed star formation activities comparable to those in the Virgo cluster, whereas SFDGs in the other four filaments exhibit similar properties to the field counterparts. Moreover, about half of the galaxies in the Virgo III filament are found to be morphologically transitional dwarf galaxies that are supposed to be on the way to transforming into quiescent dwarf early-type galaxies. Based on the analysis of the galaxy perturbation parameter, we propose that the local environment represented by the galaxy interactions might be responsible for the contrasting features in "chemical pre-processing" found in the Virgo filaments.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures, 1 table, Accepted for publication in ApJ
title: AI3SD Project: Application of Capsule Net for automated DNA sequencing using tunnelling spectroscopy
Creators: name: Albrecht, Tim
name: Vladyka, Anton
Publisher: name: University of Southampton
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: AI3SD, Funded Project, Capsule Nets, Machine Learning, Neural Networks

description: In this project, we take the next step for quantum tunnelling-based biosensing and sequencing to become promising contender for label-free ânext-nextâ generation sequencing of biopolymers.This could be achieved by combining state-of-the-art surface chemistry, nanoscience and chemical sensing with Capsule Nets (CN) as a novel Deep Learning methodology, to maximise the extraction of information from the tunnelling data. Our results to date show a moderate improvement in detection accuracy when using Capsule Nets, compared to Convolutional Neural Networks. CapsNets were however superior when dealing with incomplete data, for example
when recognising events at the edges of the recording window, which could partly offset the increased computational cost. Ongoing work beyond this project now aims to further explore this aspect and support our findings with increasing amounts of experimental data. In addition, the project has allowed us to explore a new approach to data classification of single-molecule charge transport data using Transfer Learning and Image Recognition Networks (IRN). In this context, the feature extractor of IRNs trained on millions of (unrelated) image data is used to recognise characteristics in conductance-distance or current-time data, which are then clustered and interpreted. This means that no charge transport data are required for training the feature extractor, removing the need for large, application-specific training data.
Optimization Approach for the Allocation of Remote-Controlled Switches in Real-Scale Electrical Distribution Systems
Creators: Juan Camilo Lopez
Marcos J. Rider
Ariovaldo V. Garcia
Patricia L. Cavalcante
Luana L. Martins
Luana F. Miranda
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2017

2017 PES ISGT Europe
This presentation was part of the 7th IEEE International Conference on Innovative Smart Grid Technologies: ISGT Europe 2017, sponsored by the IEEE Power & Energy Society (PES). The conference was held from on September 26-29, 2017 at Politecnico di Torino in Torino, Italy.
Ultimate Phase Sensitivity in Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors by Tuning Critical Coupling with Phase Change Materials
Creators: name: Berguiga, Lotfi
name: Ferrier, Lydie
name: Jamois, Cécile
name: Benyattou, Taha
name: Letartre, Xavier
name: Cueff, Sébastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Plasmonic sensing is an established technology for real-time biomedical diagnostics and air-quality monitoring. While intensity and wavelength tracking are the most commonly used interrogation methods for Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR), several works indicate the potential superiority of phase interrogation in detection sensitivity. Here, we theoretically and numerically establish the link between ultra-high sensitivities in phase interrogation SPR sensors and the critical coupling condition. However, reaching this condition requires a technically infeasible angstrom-level precision in the metal layer thickness. We propose a robust solution to overcome this limitation by coupling the SPR with a phase-change material (PCM) thin film. By exploiting the multilevel reconfigurable phase states of PCM, we theoretically demonstrate ultra-high phase sensitivities with a limit of detection as low as $10^{-10}$ refractive index unit (RIU). Such a PCM-assisted SPR sensor platform paves the way for unprecedented sensitivity sensors for the detection of trace amounts of low molecular weight species in biomedical sensing and environmental monitoring.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Quantitative Imaging of Single, Unstained Viruses with Coherent X-rays
Creators: name: Song, Changyong
name: Jiang, Huaidong
name: Mancuso, Adrian
name: Amirbekian, Bagrat
name: Peng, Li
name: Sun, Ren
name: Shah, Sanket S
name: Zhou, Z. Hong
name: Ishikawa, Tetsuya
name: Miao, Jianwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since Perutz, Kendrew and colleagues unveiled the structure of hemoglobin and myoglobin based on X-ray diffraction analysis in the 1950s, X-ray crystallography has become the primary methodology used to determine the 3D structure of macromolecules. However, biological specimens such as cells, organelles, viruses and many important macromolecules are difficult or impossible to crystallize, and hence their structures are not accessible by crystallography. Here we report, for the first time, the recording and reconstruction of X-ray diffraction patterns from single, unstained viruses. The structure of the viral capsid inside a virion was visualized. This work opens the door for quantitative X-ray imaging of a broad range of specimens from protein machineries, viruses and organelles to whole cells. Moreover, our experiment is directly transferable to the use of X-ray free electron lasers, and represents a major experimental milestone towards the X-ray imaging of single macromolecules.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
Actualités bibliographiques (juillet-décembre 2017). Revue ECU/EURO, N°52 (2018)
Creators: name: Allemand, Frédéric
Publisher: name: RESuME
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Economic and Monetary Union
subject: Union économique et monétaire
subject: Bibliography
subject: Bibliographie

description: Liste non-exhaustive des articles et ouvrages abordant les différentes dimensions de l'Union économique et monétaire (crise de la zone euro, politique monétaire, coordination des politiques économiques, Union bancaire, respect des droits fondamentaux) au cours du 2è semestre 2017.
First Measurement of the Neutron $β$-Asymmetry with Ultracold Neutrons
Creators: name: Pattie, R. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first measurement of angular correlation parameters in neutron $β$-decay using polarized ultracold neutrons (UCN). We utilize UCN with energies below about 200 neV, which we guide and store for $\sim 30$ s in a Cu decay volume. The $\vecμ_n \cdot \vec{B}$ potential of a static 7 T field external to the decay volume provides a 420 neV potential energy barrier to the spin state parallel to the field, polarizing the UCN before they pass through an adiabatic fast passage (AFP) spin-flipper and enter a decay volume, situated within a 1 T, $2 \times 2π$ superconducting solenoidal spectrometer. We determine a value for the $β$-asymmetry parameter $A_0$, proportional to the angular correlation between the neutron polarization and the electron momentum, of $A_0 = -0.1138 \pm 0.0051$.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
Measurable fractional spin for quantum Hall quasiparticles on the disk
Creators: name: Comparin, Tommaso
name: Opler, Alvin
name: Macaluso, Elia
name: Biella, Alberto
name: Polychronakos, Alexios P.
name: Mazza, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spin of the localised quasiparticle excitations of lowest-Landau-level quantum Hall states defined on a disk. The spin that we propose satisfies the spin-statistics relation and can be used to reconstruct the topological geometric phase associated to the exchange of two arbitrarily chosen quasiparticles. Since it is related to the quadrupole moment of the quasiparticle charge distribution, it can be measured in an experiment and could reveal anyonic properties in a way that is complementary to the interferometric schemes employed so far. We first discuss our definition for the quasiholes of the Laughlin state, for which we present a numerical and analytical study of our spin, and we proceed with a discussion of several kinds of quasiholes of the Halperin 221 state. Finally, we discuss the link between our spin and the adiabatic rotation of the quasiparticles around their axis and demonstrate that our spin obeys the spin-statistics relation.
description: 14 pages + 5 appendices, 9 figures, comments welcome
Challenges of Cascading Failure Analysis: Modeling, Data and Interdependence
Creators: J. Qi
G. Zweigle
E. Bernabeu
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2018

2018 PES GM Panel Presentation
Reliability standards increasingly require transmission utilities and regional transmission operators to regularly assess the vulnerability of their systems to cascading failures. While there is agreement that this analysis should be done, obtaining valid, actionable conclusions from a cascading failure analysis is among the most challenging problems in the electricity industry today. Several difficulties add to this challenge. First, the dynamics of power systems during "emergency" and "in extremis" operations involve complicated interactions between thousands of components and human operators, none of which are likely to perform exactly as the modeling tools predict. Second, the sheer quantity of data that operators obtain from both the models and from the real system make it difficult to transform the resulting corpus of data into valid conclusions. Finally, power systems can no longer be considered independent from other critical infrastructure systems, such as natural gas pipelines and communication networks. This interdependence increases the challenges of cascading failure analysis. This panel will address these challenges directly by bringing together both researchers and industry experts who see promising solutions on the horizon.
2/20 Plenary Panel Session: Distribution and Transmission Operation for the Grid of the Future, Track 2: Distribution and Transmission Operation for the Grid of the Future
Creators: D. Schooley
S. Sankaran
M. DeMenno
B. Pierre
R. Rayudu
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2020

2020 PES ISGT NA Panel Sessions from Feb. 20th, Track 2 - Distribution and Transmission Operation for the Grid of the Future
This product contains the following Feb. 20th panel sessions from Track 2 - Distribution and Transmission Operation for the Grid of the Future

Rapid PMU Deployment � Recipes for Success
By: D. Schooley, Exelon Utilities

WASA and Roadmap to WAMPAC at SDG&E
By: S. Sankaran, San Diego Gas & Electric

From Financial Systemic Risk to Grid Resilience: Applying Stress Testing to Electric Utilities
By: M. DeMenno, Bosque Advisors

Co-optimization to Integrate Power System Reliability Decisions with Resiliency Decisions
By: B. Pierre, Sandia National Laboratories

The impact of fast electric vehicle charging on the distribution grid based on short circuit ratios
By: R. Rayudu, Victoria University of Wellington
Predicting halo occupation and galaxy assembly bias with machine learning
Creators: name: Xu, Xiaoju
name: Kumar, Saurabh
name: Zehavi, Idit
name: Contreras, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the impact of halo properties beyond halo mass on the clustering of galaxies (namely galaxy assembly bias) remains a challenge for contemporary models of galaxy clustering. We explore the use of machine learning to predict the halo occupations and recover galaxy clustering and assembly bias in a semi-analytic galaxy formation model. For stellar-mass selected samples, we train a Random Forest algorithm on the number of central and satellite galaxies in each dark matter halo. With the predicted occupations, we create mock galaxy catalogues and measure the clustering and assembly bias. Using a range of halo and environment properties, we find that the machine learning predictions of the occupancy variations with secondary properties, galaxy clustering and assembly bias are all in excellent agreement with those of our target galaxy formation model. Internal halo properties are most important for the central galaxies prediction, while environment plays a critical role for the satellites. Our machine learning models are all provided in a usable format. We demonstrate that machine learning is a powerful tool for modelling the galaxy-halo connection, and can be used to create realistic mock galaxy catalogues which accurately recover the expected occupancy variations, galaxy clustering and galaxy assembly bias, imperative for cosmological analyses of upcoming surveys.
description: 21 pages, 17 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Toxoplasma gondii in animals and the environment
Creators: name: Parigi, Maria <1984>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: VET/06 Parassitologia e malattie parassitarie degli animali

description: Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite capable of infecting virtually all warm-blooded species, including humans, but cats are the only definitive hosts. Humans or animals acquire T. gondii infection by ingesting food or water contaminated with sporulated oocysts or by ingesting tissue cysts containing bradyzoites. Toxoplasmosis has the highest human incidence among zoonotic parasitic diseases, but it is still considered an underreported zoonosis. The importance of T. gondii primary infection in livestock is related to the ability of the parasite to produce tissue cysts in infected animals, which may represent important sources of infection for humans. 
Consumption of undercooked mutton and pork are considered important sources of human Toxoplasma gondii. The first aim of this thesis was to develop a rapid and sensitive in- house indirect ELISA for the detection of antibodies against T. gondii in sheep sera. ROC-curve analysis showed high discriminatory power (AUC=0.999) and high sensitivity (99.4%) and specificity (99.8%) of the method. The ELISA was used to test a batch of sheep sera (375) collected in the Forli-Cesena district. The overall prevalence was estimated at 41.9% demonstrating that T. gondii infection is widely distributed in sheep reared in Forli-Cesena district. 
Since the epidemiological impact of waterborne transmission route of T.gondii to humans is now thought to be more significant than previously believed, the second aim of the thesis was to evaluate PCR based methods for detecting T. gondii DNA in raw and finished drinking water samples collected in Scotland. Samples were tested using a quantitative PCR on 529 bp repetitive elements. Only one raw water sample (0.3%), out of the 358 examined, tested T. gondii positive demonstrating that there is no evidence that tap water is a source of Toxoplasma infection in Scotland.
Action complexity in the presence of defects and boundaries
Creators: name: Auzzi, Roberto
name: Baiguera, Stefano
name: Bonansea, Sara
name: Nardelli, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The holographic complexity of formation for the AdS$_3$ $2$-sided Randall-Sundrum model and the AdS$_3$/BCFT$_2$ models is logarithmically divergent according to the volume conjecture, while it is finite using the action proposal. One might be tempted to conclude that the UV divergences of the volume and action conjectures are always different for defects and boundaries in two-dimensional conformal field theories. We show that this is not the case. In fact, in Janus AdS$_3$ we find that both volume and action proposals provide the same kind of logarithmic divergences.
description: 41 pages, 8 figures; v2: journal version with minor changes
TMD Evolution and Multi-Jet Merging
Creators: name: Martinez, A. Bermudez
name: Hautmann, F.
name: Mangano, M. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The theoretical description of the physics of multi-jets in hadronic collisions at high energies is based on "merging" methods, which combine short-timescale production of jets with long-timescale evolution of partonic showers. We point out potential implications of the evolution of transverse momentum dependent (TMD) distributions on the structure of multi-jet states at high energies, and in particular on the theoretical systematics associated with multi-jet merging. To analyze this, we propose a new merging methodology, and illustrate its impact by comparing our theoretical results with experimental measurements for Z-boson + jets production at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC).
description: 6 pages, 4 figures