cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Logic, Individuals and Concepts
Creators: name: Wolfengagen, Viacheslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.3.1; F.1; F.4.1; D.1.1; H.2.1

description: This extended abstract gives a brief outline of the connections between the descriptions and variable concepts. Thus, the notion of a concept is extended to include both the syntax and semantics features. The evaluation map in use is parameterized by a kind of computational environment, the index, giving rise to indexed concepts. The concepts are inhabited into language by the descriptions from the higher order logic. In general the idea of object-as-functor should assist the designer to outline a programming tool in conceptual shell style.
[13C]bicarbonate labelled from hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate is an in vivo marker of hepatic gluconeogenesis in fasted state.
Creators: name: Can, Emine
name: Bastiaansen, Jessica AM
name: Couturier, Dominique
name: Gruetter, Rolf
name: Yoshihara, Hikari AI
name: Comment, Arnaud
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Article
/692/4020/4021/288/2032
/692/308/2778
/631/45/320
/631/1647/245/1628
/59/57
/82/58
/82/6
article

description: Funder: EC | EC Seventh Framework Programm | FP7 People: Marie-Curie Actions (FP7-PEOPLE - Specific Programme "People" Implementing the Seventh Framework Programme of the European Community for Research, Technological Development and Demonstration Activities (2007 to 2013)); doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/100011264; Grant(s): 264780
description: Hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate enables direct in vivo assessment of real-time liver enzymatic activities by 13C magnetic resonance. However, the technique usually requires the injection of a highly supraphysiological dose of pyruvate. We herein demonstrate that liver metabolism can be measured in vivo with hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate administered at two- to three-fold the basal plasma concentration. The flux through pyruvate dehydrogenase, assessed by 13C-labeling of bicarbonate in the fed condition, was found to be saturated or partially inhibited by supraphysiological doses of hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate. The [13C]bicarbonate signal detected in the liver of fasted rats nearly vanished after treatment with a phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) inhibitor, indicating that the signal originates from the flux through PEPCK. In addition, the normalized [13C]bicarbonate signal in fasted untreated animals is dose independent across a 10-fold range, highlighting that PEPCK and pyruvate carboxylase are not saturated and that hepatic gluconeogenesis can be directly probed in vivo with hyperpolarized [1-13C]pyruvate.
Pion Structure Function $F_{2}^π$ in the Valon Model
Creators: name: Arash, Firooz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Partonic structure of constituent quark (or{\it{valon}}) in the Next-to-Leading Order is used to calculate pion structure function. This is a further demonstration of the finding that the constituent quark structure is universal, and once it is calculated, the Structure of any hadron can be predicted thereafter, using a convolution method, without introducing any new free parameter. The results are compared with the pion structure function from ZEUS Coll. Leading Neutron Production in $e^{+}p$ collisions at HERA. We found good agreement with the experiment. A resolution for the issue of normalization of the experimental data is suggested. In addition, the proportionality of $F_{2}^π$ and $F_{2}^{p}$, which have caused confusion in the normalization of ZEUS data is discussed and resolved.
description: 5 pages and 8 figures. Accepted for publication in Phys. Lett. B
Additional file 2 of Immunoglobulin G N-glycan, inflammation and type 2 diabetes in East Asian and European populations: a Mendelian randomization study
Creators: name: Wang, Biyan
name: Liu, Di
name: Song, Manshu
name: Wang, Wei
name: Guo, Bo
name: Wang, Youxin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Description of glycans structures of 24 glycan peaks. Table S6. Mendelian randomization (MR) estimates of IgG glycans with fibrinogen from different MR methods in East Asian population. Table S7. Mendelian randomization (MR) estimates of IgG glycans with CRP from different MR methods in European population.
New policies create a new politics: issues of institutional design in climate change policy
Creators: name: Ergas, Henry
name: Ergas, Henry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Public Economics
subject: agency problems
subject: climate change
subject: corrective taxation
subject: delegation
subject: emissions trading
subject: public economics

description: Institutional design focuses on the task of providing accountability and effective monitoring of decision-making by bodies vested with the coercive powers of the state in a context where information is inherently limited, costly to acquire and asymmetrically distributed. This paper focuses on issues of institutional design in the context of climate change policy. It examines proposals advanced in the June 2008 Draft and Final Reports of the Garnaut Climate Change Review (‘Garnaut Reports’), and in the Government’s July 2008 Green Paper and December 2008 White Paper on the Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme (‘Green and White Papers’) with respect to how revenues raised by the sale of emissions permits would be used; and second, the proposed governance arrangements for the emissions trading scheme.
Wing shape patterns among urban, suburban, and rural populations of Ischnura elegans (Odonata: Coenagrionidae)
Creators: name: Villalobos-Jiménez, Giovanna
name: Hassall, Christopher
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Dragonflies and damselflies (the Odonata) are among the most efficient flying insects. However, fragmentation of the landscape can increase distance between habitats and affect costs of dispersal, thus shaping phenotypic patterns of flight-related traits, such as wing shape, wing loading and wing size. Urban landscapes are highly fragmented, which limits dispersal among aquatic habitats. Hence, strong selective pressures can act upon urban populations in favour of individuals with increased flight performance or may lead to the reduction in dispersal traits. Here, we explore differentiation in morphological flight-related traits among urban, suburban, and rural populations of the damselfly Ischnura elegans, which is one of the most abundant species in both urban and rural ponds in Europe. We sampled 20 sites across Leeds and Bradford, UK, in an urban-to-rural gradient from June to August 2014 and 2015 (Nmales = 201, Nfemales = 119). We compared wing shape among different land use types using geometric morphometrics. Other wing properties analysed were wing aspect ratio, wing loading and wing centroid size. Unexpectedly, no significant effect of urban land use was found on wing shape. However, wing shape differed significantly between males and females. Additionally, females showed significantly larger wing centroid sizes (P P = 0.007; hind wings: P = 0.002) and aspect ratio (P 
Productive Performance of Sheep in an Agropastoral System on the Coast of Oaxaca, Mexico
Creators: name: Castañeda-Hidalgo, Ernesto
name: Barriga-García, Carlos
name: Hernández-Bautista, Jorge
name: Santiago-Martínez, Gisela M.
name: Villegas-Aparicio, Yuri
name: Pérez-León, María I.
name: Castañeda-Hidalgo, Ernesto
name: Barriga-García, Carlos
name: Hernández-Bautista, Jorge
name: Santiago-Martínez, Gisela M.
name: Villegas-Aparicio, Yuri
name: Pérez-León, María I.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Pen finishing
subject: tropical livestock systems
subject: selenium.

description: Objective: To determine the prolificacy and weight of lambs at birth (BW) in two genotypes of hair sheep within an agropastoral system on the coast of Oaxaca, Mexico, and to evaluate the effect of two sources of selenium on the performance of lambs from said system during the fattening phase. Design/Methodology/Approach: The study was carried out in an agropastoral system (coconut palm and Cynodon dactylon grass) in Río Grande, Oaxaca. Two experiments were conducted; the first studied 58 ewes distributed in a completely randomized design (CRD) with factorial arrangement of 223, and focused on the following fixed effects: genotype, number of births, and body condition (BC). The measured variables were prolificacy and BW. The second experiment studied 23 lambs of 4 months in age that were offspring of the females in experiment 1. They were distributed in a CRD with three treatments: T1, without selenium provided; T2, with barium selenate provided; T3, with selenomethionine provided. The dependent variables were daily weight gain (DWG), dry material consumption (DMC), and feed conversion (FC). Results: The Pelibuey ewes with one and two births and the Black Belly ewes with one birth demonstrated the highest averages in prolificacy (P0.05). The lowest averages (P0.05) were detected in ewes with BC 4 irrespective of number of births. The BW was affected (P0.05) by genotype; Black Belly lambs weighed 680 g (P0.05) more that Pelibuey lambs. The DWG, DMC and FC behaved similarly (P0.05) between treatments and their general averages were 0.114 kg day1, 0.679 kg day1, and 6.18, respectively. Study Limitations/Implications: In the agropastoral system, the BC of ewes limits their reproductive performance. The weight of the lambs at the start of fattening determines their performance during fattening. Findings/Conclusions: In the agropastoral system, Pelibuey and Black Belly females present adequate prolificacy averages and BW; however, it is very important that they remain within BC 3. Neither of the two sources of selenium improves DWG, DMC, and FC of lambs fattened in pens in the agropastoral system
Federated Learning with Cooperating Devices: A Consensus Approach for Massive IoT Networks
Creators: name: Savazzi, Stefano
name: Nicoli, Monica
name: Rampa, Vittorio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Federated learning (FL) is emerging as a new paradigm to train machine learning models in distributed systems. Rather than sharing, and disclosing, the training dataset with the server, the model parameters (e.g. neural networks weights and biases) are optimized collectively by large populations of interconnected devices, acting as local learners. FL can be applied to power-constrained IoT devices with slow and sporadic connections. In addition, it does not need data to be exported to third parties, preserving privacy. Despite these benefits, a main limit of existing approaches is the centralized optimization which relies on a server for aggregation and fusion of local parameters; this has the drawback of a single point of failure and scaling issues for increasing network size. The paper proposes a fully distributed (or server-less) learning approach: the proposed FL algorithms leverage the cooperation of devices that perform data operations inside the network by iterating local computations and mutual interactions via consensus-based methods. The approach lays the groundwork for integration of FL within 5G and beyond networks characterized by decentralized connectivity and computing, with intelligence distributed over the end-devices. The proposed methodology is verified by experimental datasets collected inside an industrial IoT environment.
description: This work received support from the CHIST-ERA III Grant RadioSense (Big Data and Process Modelling for the Smart Industry - BDSI). The paper has been accepted for publication in the IEEE Internet of Things Journal. The current arXiv contains an additional Appendix C that describes the database and the Python scripts. Published version: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=8950073&isnumber=6702522
Recent Advances in Frequency-Multiplexed TES Readout: Vastly Reduced Parasitics and an Increase in Multiplexing Factor with sub-Kelvin SQUIDs
Creators: name: de Haan, T.
name: Suzuki, A.
name: Boyd, S. T. P.
name: Cantor, R. H.
name: Coerver, A.
name: Dobbs, M. A.
name: Hennings-Yeomans, R.
name: Holzapfel, W. L.
name: Lee, A. T.
name: Noble, G. I.
name: Smecher, G.
name: Zhou, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmic microwave background (CMB) measurements are fundamentally limited by photon statistics. Therefore, ground-based CMB observatories have been increasing the number of detectors that are simultaneously observing the sky. Thanks to the advent of monolithically fabricated transition edge sensor (TES) arrays, the number of on-sky detectors has been increasing exponentially for over a decade. The next-generation experiment CMB-S4 will increase this detector count by more than an order of magnitude from the current state-of-the-art to ~500,000. The readout of such a huge number of exquisitely precise sub-Kelvin sensors is feasible using an existing technology: frequency-domain multiplexing (fMux). To further optimize this system and reduce complexity and cost, we have recently made significant advances including the elimination of 4 K electronics, a massive decrease of parasitic in-series impedances, and a significant increase in multiplexing factor.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, Submitted to the JLTP for LTD-18
Search for a Theta++ Pentaquark State
Creators: name: Juengst, H. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent reports about the Theta+ (formerly known as Z+), a pentaquark state, have awakened considerable interest. We report our findings in search of a Theta++ state over a wide range in mass in the reaction gp-->Theta++K- from our analysis of CLAS data. The existence or nonexistence of this state might resolve the question of the isotensor states.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures. Original version is the contribution to proceedings of the "VIII International Conference on Hypernuclear & Strange Particle Physics", Jefferson Lab, Newport News, VA, USA, October 14-18, 2003. The revised version contains more details for clarification, additional comparisons with theoretical predictions and other experimental results with references to recent papers. All qualitative results are unchanged
Combining semantic and syntactic structure for language modeling
Creators: name: Bod, Rens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.7

description: Structured language models for speech recognition have been shown to remedy the weaknesses of n-gram models. All current structured language models are, however, limited in that they do not take into account dependencies between non-headwords. We show that non-headword dependencies contribute to significantly improved word error rate, and that a data-oriented parsing model trained on semantically and syntactically annotated data can exploit these dependencies. This paper also contains the first DOP model trained by means of a maximum likelihood reestimation procedure, which solves some of the theoretical shortcomings of previous DOP models.
description: 4 pages
Irreducibility and Smoothness of the moduli space of mathematical 5--instantons over ${\mathbb P}_3$
Creators: name: Coanda, I.
name: Tikhomirov, A.
name: Trautmann, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14D20

description: We prove that the space of mathematical instantons with second Chern class 5 over ${\mathbb P}_3$ is smooth and irreducible. Unified and simple proofs for the same statements in case of second Chern class $\leq 4$ are contained.
description: corrections made, references added, 46 pages, Latex 2e. To appear in International Journal of Mathematics
Strategic issues in global climate change policy
Creators: name: Clarke, Harry
name: Clarke, Harry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: climate change
subject: global
subject: mitigation
subject: strategic analysis

description: An analysis of prospects for deriving self-enforcing, global, greenhouse gas emission mitigation agreements is provided. Policy spillovers and carbon leakages are accounted for. Situations where mitigation effort should be concentrated in particular countries and where efficient outcomes can be fostered by international trade in emissions permits are discussed. The use of auxiliary policies to transform intractable Prisoner’s Dilemma incentive problems to more tractable problems, the role of policy commitments and the strategic implications of ‘no regret’ and ‘adaptation’ policies are analysed. Dynamic and repeated game formulations are outlined.
'Bhavishya Shakti: Empowering the Future': establishing and evaluating a pilot community mobile teaching kitchen as an innovative model, training marginalised women to become nutrition champions and culinary health educators in Kolkata, India.
Creators: name: Buckner, Luke
name: Carter, Harrison
name: Crocombe, Dominic
name: Kargbo, Sento
name: Korre, Maria
name: Bhar, Somnath
name: Bhat, Shivani
name: Chakraborty, Debashis
name: Douglas, Pauline
name: Gupta, Mitali
name: Maitra-Nag, Sudeshna
name: Muhkerjee, Sagarika
name: Saha, Aparjita
name: Rajput-Ray, Minha
name: Tsimpli, Ianthi
name: Ray, Sumantra
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Original research
1506
2523
cognitive performance
dietary patterns
malnutrition
nutrient deficiencies

description: Background: Malnutrition is a global emergency, creating an overlapping burden on individual, public and economic health. The double burden of malnutrition affects approximately 2.3 billion adults worldwide. Following 3 years of capacity building work in Kolkata, with assistance of local volunteers and organisations, we established an empowering nutrition education model in the form of a 'mobile teaching kitchen (MTK)' with the aim of creating culinary health educators from lay slum-dwelling women. Aims: To evaluate the piloting of a novel MTK nutrition education platform and its effects on the participants, alongside data collection feasibility. Methods: Over 6 months, marginalised (RG Kar and Chetla slums) women underwent nutrition training using the MTK supported by dietitians, doctors and volunteers. Preintervention and postintervention assessments of knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP), as well as anthropometric and clinical nutritional status of both the women and their children were recorded. The education was delivered by a 'See One, Do One, Teach One' approach with a final assessment of teaching delivery performed in the final session. Results: Twelve women were trained in total, six from each slum. Statistically significant improvements were noted in sections of KAP, with improvements in nutrition knowledge (+4.8) and practices (+0.8). In addition, statistically significant positive changes were seen in 'understanding of healthy nutrition for their children' (p=0.02), 'sources of protein rich food' (p=0.02) and 'not skipping meals if a child is ill' (p≤0.001). Conclusion: The MTK as a public health intervention managed to educate, empower and upskill two groups of lay marginalised women into MTK Champions from the urban slums of Kolkata, India. Improvements in their nutrition KAP demonstrate just some of the effects of this programme. By the provision of healthy meals and nutritional messages, the MTK Champions are key drivers nudging improvements in nutrition and health related awareness with a ripple effect across the communities that they serve. There is potential to upscale and adapt this programme to other settings, or developing into a microenterprise model, that can help future MTK Champions earn a stable income.
TDT4290 - Customer Driven Project - Compendium For Students TDT4290
Creators: name: Shemy, Ibrahim El
name: Jaccheri, Letizia
Publisher: name: OSF
Year: 2024
Subjects: Software Engineering Education

description: This compendium is an introduction to the course TDT4290 Customer Driven Pro-
ject, where groups of students work on a software engineering project with a real-life
customer. The compendium provides useful information about the course in general,
the goal and rationale of the course, as well as some software engineering guidelines
meant for helping the students with their project.
An Overview of Open-Ended Evolution: Editorial Introduction to the Open-Ended Evolution II Special Issue
Creators: name: Packard, Norman
name: Bedau, Mark A.
name: Channon, Alastair
name: Ikegami, Takashi
name: Rasmussen, Steen
name: Stanley, Kenneth O.
name: Taylor, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Nature's spectacular inventiveness, reflected in the enormous diversity of form and function displayed by the biosphere, is a feature of life that distinguishes living most strongly from nonliving. It is, therefore, not surprising that this aspect of life should become a central focus of artificial life. We have known since Darwin that the diversity is produced dynamically, through the process of evolution; this has led life's creative productivity to be called Open-Ended Evolution (OEE) in the field. This article introduces the second of two special issues on current research in OEE and provides an overview of the contents of both special issues. Most of the work was presented at a workshop on open-ended evolution that was held as a part of the 2018 Conference on Artificial Life in Tokyo, and much of it had antecedents in two previous workshops on open-ended evolution at artificial life conferences in Cancun and York. We present a simplified categorization of OEE and summarize progress in the field as represented by the articles in this special issue.
description: This article is published in the Artificial Life journal (https://www.mitpressjournals.org/loi/artl) and is copyright (c) 2019 Massachusetts Institute of Technology. It it posted on arXiv.org after the publication embargo period in accordance with MIT Press Journals' author posting guidelines (https://www.mitpressjournals.org/for_authors#authorposting)
Agroiconota inedita
Creators: name: Sekerka, Lukáš
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Chrysomelidae
Agroiconota
Agroiconota inedita

description: * Agroiconota inedita (Boheman, 1855)
 Published records. Bertioga; Santa Anna; São Paulo Capital (Bඈඋඈඐංൾർ 2005); Piracicaba; Saltinho (Lඈඉൾඌ et al. 2016).
 Distribution. Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil (Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais, Pará, Paraná, Pernambuco, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina, São Paulo), and Paraguay.
description: Published as part of Sekerka, Lukáš, 2020, Commented catalogue of Cassidinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of the state of São Paulo, Brazil, with remarks on the collection of Jaro Mráz in the National Museum in Prague, pp. 667-707 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae (Acta. Ent. Mus. Natl. Pragae) (Acta. Ent. Mus. Natl. Pragae) 60 (2) on page 671, DOI: 10.37520/aemnp.2020.048, http://zenodo.org/record/5178055
Formes linéaires en polyzêtas et intégrales multiples
Creators: name: Fischler, Stéphane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11J82 (Primary) 11J72 (Secondary)

description: The problem we consider is to define families of n-dimensional integrals, endowed with group actions as in Rhin-Viola's work on irrationality measures of $ζ(2)$ and $ζ(3)$, the values of which are linear forms, over the rationals, in multiple zeta values of weight at most n. We generalize Vasilyev's and Sorokin's approaches, and give a change of variables that connects them to each other. We describe a group structure for a n-dimensional integral that specializes, for n=2 and n=3, to the ones obtained by Rhin and Viola.
description: 4 pages, to be submitted to C.R. Acad. Sci. Paris
A Bayesian Approach to the Naming Game Model
Creators: name: Marchetti, Gionni
name: Patriarca, Marco
name: Heinsalu, Els
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel Bayesian approach to semiotic dynamics, which is a cognitive analogue of the naming game model restricted to two conventions. The one-shot learning that characterizes the agent dynamics in the basic naming game is replaced by a word-learning process, in which agents learn a new word by generalizing from the evidence garnered through pairwise-interactions with other agents. The principle underlying the model is that agents, like humans, can learn from a few positive examples and that such a process is modeled in a Bayesian probabilistic framework. We show that the model presents some analogies but also crucial differences with respect to the dynamics of the basic two-convention naming game model. The model introduced aims at providing a starting point for the construction of a general framework for studying the combined effects of cognitive and social dynamics.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures. Presented at the Conference on Complex Systems 2018, September 22-28, Thessaloniki, Greece, with the title "Statistical Learning Approach To Naming Game Dynamics In Complex Networks"
An optimised method for the rapid analysis of condensed phosphates in fishery and processed marine food products using ion chromatography and microwave sample processing
Creators: name: Kim, Hyung Soo
name: Koo, Ye Ji
name: Lee, Miri
name: Pack, Eun Chul
name: Jang, Dae Yong
name: Lee, Seung Ha
name: Lim, Kyung Min
name: Choi, Dal Woong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Condensed phosphates are deliberately added to the fishery and processed marine food products on purpose to increase the weight of products. However, excessive intake overwhelming bodily homoeostasis can result in phosphate toxicity such as mineral and bone disorders, associated with chronic kidney diseases, and cardiovascular events. Rapid analysis for condensed phosphates is required to detect the illegal adulteration of processed marine products. We optimised an analytical method using ion chromatography for the rapid and selective detection of condensed phosphates in various kinds of fishery and processed marine products. We compared the performance of three columns (IonPac AS11, AS11-HC, and AS16) for the detection of condensed phosphates with respect to time of analysis and sensitivity. The IonPac AS11 column exhibited the shortest retention time for the major condensed phosphates (pyro-, tri-, and trimetaphosphate), the highest sensitivity for trimetaphosphate, and good repeatability and precision. Microwave and boiling processing were examined as methods to prevent hydrolysis of condensed phosphates into orthophosphate, which is critical in distinguishing intentionally added condensed phosphates from naturally occurring orthophosphate. Microwave treatment was determined to be the more effective method to suppress hydrolysis of condensed phosphates to orthophosphate. Furthermore, microwave processing could be used for thawing the frozen samples, saving extra effort and time. We confirmed that the method exhibits good recovery (80% or more) and precision (%RSD < 10%) for samples with various matrices. With the method, 14 kinds of fishery and processed marine food products were successfully analysed for condensed phosphates. Especially, we identified that phosphate levels in the processed shrimp and dried shredded squid samples exceeded the maximum allowable levels specified in the CODEX standard. We believe that our method would be useful for the rapid analysis of condensed phosphates in various types of fishery and processed marine food products.
Baseline cell proliferation rates and response to UV differ in lymphoblastoid cell lines derived from healthy individuals of extreme constitution types
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Sumita
name: Singhmar, Sunanda
name: Dayanidhi Singh
name: Maulik, Mahua
name: Rutuja Patil
name: Satyam Kumar Agrawal
name: Mishra, Anushree
name: Madeeha Ghazi
name: Vats, Archana
name: Natarajan, Vivek T
name: Juvekar, Sanjay
name: Prasher, Bhavana
name: Mitali Mukerji
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Differences in human phenotypes and susceptibility to complex diseases are an outcome of genetic and environmental interactions. This is evident in diseases that progress through a common set of intermediate patho-endophenotypes. Precision medicine aims to delineate molecular players for individualized and early interventions. Functional studies of lymphoblastoid cell line (LCL) model of phenotypically well-characterized healthy individuals can help deconvolute and validate these molecular mechanisms. In this study, LCLs are developed from eight healthy individuals belonging to three extreme constitution types, deep phenotyped on the basis of Ayurveda. LCLs were characterized by karyotyping and immunophenotyping. Growth characteristics and response to UV were studied in these LCLs. Significant differences in cell proliferation rates were observed between the contrasting groups such that one type (Kapha) proliferates significantly slower than the other two (Vata, Pitta). In response to UV, one of the fast growing groups (Vata) shows higher cell death but recovers its numbers due to an inherent higher rates of proliferation. This study reveals that baseline differences in cell proliferation could be a key to understanding the survivability of cells under UV stress. Variability in baseline cellular phenotypes not only explains the cellular basis of different constitution types but can also help set priors during the design of an individualized therapy with DNA damaging agents. This is the first study of its kind that shows variability of intermediate patho-phenotypes among healthy individuals with potential implications in precision medicine.
Magnetization reversal of dipolar coupled nanomagnets studied by two-dimensional electron gas based micro-Hall magnetometry
Creators: name: Keswani, N.
name: Nakajima, Y.
name: Chauhan, N.
name: Chakraborti, H.
name: Dasgupta, K.
name: Kumar, S.
name: Ohno, Y.
name: Ohno, H.
name: Das, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report here the results of two-dimensional electron gas based micro-Hall magnetometry measurements and micromagnetic simulations of dipolar coupled nanomagnets of Ni80Fe20 arranged in a double ring-like geometry. We observe that although magnetic force microscopy images exhibit single domain like magnetic states for the nanostructures, their reversal processes may undergo complex behavior. The details of such reversal behavior is observed as specific features in micro-Hall magnetometry data which compares well with the micromagnetic simulation data.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Electron Acceleration In Blazars: Application to the 3C 279 Flare on 2013 December 20
Creators: name: Lewis, Tiffany R.
name: Becker, Peter A.
name: Finke, Justin D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The broadband spectrum from the 2013 December 20 $γ$-ray flare from 3C~279 is analyzed with our previously-developed one-zone blazar jet model. We are able to reproduce two SEDs, a quiescent and flaring state, the latter of which had an unusual SED, with hard $γ$-ray spectrum, high Compton dominance, and short duration. Our model suggests that there is insufficient energy for a comparable X-ray flare to have occurred simultaneously, which is an important constraint given the lack of X-ray data. We show that first- and second-order Fermi acceleration are sufficient to explain the flare, and that magnetic reconnection is not needed. The model includes particle acceleration, escape, and adiabatic and radiative energy losses, including the full Compton cross-section, and emission from the synchrotron, synchrotron self-Compton, and external Compton processes. We provide a simple analytic approximation to the electron distribution solution to the transport equation that may be useful for simplified modeling in the future.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures, accepted to ApJ 9 September 2019
Symmetry breaking, permutation D-branes on group manifolds: boundary states and geometric description
Creators: name: Sarkissian, Gor
name: Zamaklar, Marija
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the permutation symmetry between the product of several group manifolds in combination with orbifolds and T-duality to construct new classes of symmetry breaking branes on products of group manifolds. The resulting branes mix the submanifolds and break part of the diagonal chiral algebra of the theory. We perform a Langrangian analysis as well as a boundary CFT construction of these branes and find agreement between the two methods.
description: 36 pages; v2: references added, appendix extended, typos corrected, to appear in Nucl. Phys
Stochastic Schrödinger equations and conditional states: a general Non-Markovian quantum electron transport simulator for THz electronics
Creators: name: Pandey, Devashish
name: Colomés, Enrique
name: Albareda, Guillermo
name: Oriols, Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A prominent tool to study the dynamics of open quantum systems is the reduced density matrix. Yet, approaching open quantum systems by means of state vectors has well known computational advantages. In this respect, the physical meaning of the so-called conditional states in Markovian and non-Markovian scenarios has been a topic of recent debate in the construction of stochastic Schrödinger equations. We shed light on this discussion by acknowledging the Bohmian conditional wavefunction as the proper mathematical object to represent, in terms of state vectors, an arbitrary subset of degrees of freedom. As an example of the practical utility of these states, we present a time-dependent quantum Monte Carlo algorithm to describe electron transport in open quantum systems under general (Markovian or non-Markovian) conditions. By making the most of trajectory-based and wavefunction methods, the resulting simulation technique extends, to the quantum regime, the computational capabilities that the Monte Carlo solution of the Boltzmann transport equation offers for semi-classical electron devices.
Genome surveillance by HUSH-mediated silencing of intronless mobile elements.
Creators: name: Seczynska, Marta
name: Bloor, Stuart
name: Cuesta, Sergio Martinez
name: Lehner, Paul
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021

description: All life forms defend their genome against DNA invasion. Eukaryotic cells recognize incoming DNA and limit its transcription through repressive chromatin modifications. The human silencing hub (HUSH) complex transcriptionally represses long interspersed element-1 retrotransposons (L1s) and retroviruses through histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation (H3K9me3)1-3. How HUSH recognizes and initiates silencing of these invading genetic elements is unknown. Here we show that HUSH is able to recognize and transcriptionally repress a broad range of long, intronless transgenes. Intron insertion into HUSH-repressed transgenes counteracts repression, even in the absence of intron splicing. HUSH binds transcripts from the target locus, prior to and independent of H3K9me3 deposition, and target transcription is essential for both initiation and propagation of HUSH-mediated H3K9me3. Genomic data reveal how HUSH binds and represses a subset of endogenous intronless genes generated through retrotransposition of cellular mRNAs. Thus intronless cDNA-the hallmark of reverse transcription-provides a versatile way to distinguish invading retroelements from host genes and enables HUSH to protect the genome from 'non-self' DNA, despite there being no previous exposure to the invading element. Our findings reveal the existence of a transcription-dependent genome-surveillance system and explain how it provides immediate protection against newly acquired elements while avoiding inappropriate repression of host genes.
description: Boehringer Ingelheim Fonds PhD fellowship NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre
Supplementary Tables and Figures for Harrison et al Frontiers Microbiology 10:2883
Creators: name: Harrison, Xavier
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60202 Community Ecology (excl. Invasive Species Ecology)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60299 Ecology not elsewhere classified

description: Supplemental data fro Harrison et al 2019 Frontiers in Microbiology 10:2883
KH 15D: Gradual Occultation of a Pre-Main-Sequence Binary
Creators: name: Winn, Joshua N.
name: Holman, Matthew J.
name: Johnson, John A.
name: Stanek, Krzysztof Z.
name: Garnavich, Peter M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose that the extraordinary ``winking star'' KH 15D is an eccentric pre-main-sequence binary that is gradually being occulted by an opaque screen. This model accounts for the periodicity, depth, duration, and rate of growth of the modern eclipses; the historical light curve from photographic plates; and the existing radial velocity measurements. It also explains the re-brightening events that were previously observed during eclipses, and the subsequent disappearance of these events. We predict the future evolution of the system and its full radial velocity curve. Given the small velocity of the occulting screen relative to the center of mass of the binary, the screen is probably associated with the binary, and may be the edge of a precessing circumbinary disk.
description: ApJ Letters, in press [11 pp., 5 figs]. Revision is shorter and incorporates suggestions from the referee and other colleagues
Aluminium-26 from massive binary stars I: non-rotating models
Creators: name: Brinkman, H. E.
name: Doherty, C. L.
name: Pols, O. R.
name: Li, E. T.
name: Côté, B.
name: Lugaro, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aluminium-26 is a short-lived radionuclide with a half-life of 0.72Myr, which is observed today in the Galaxy via gamma-ray spectroscopy and is inferred to have been present in the early Solar System via analysis of meteorites. Massive stars are considered the main contributors of Al26. Although most massive stars are found in binary systems, the effect, however, of binary interactions on the Al26 yields have not been investigated since Braun & Langer (1995). Here we aim to fill this gap. We have used the MESA stellar evolution code to compute massive (10Msun<=M<=80Msun), non-rotating, single and binary stars of solar metallicity (Z=0.014). We computed the wind yields for the single stars and for the binary systems where mass transfer plays a major role. Depending on the initial mass of the primary star and orbital period, the Al26 yield can either increase or decrease in a binary system. For binary systems with primary masses up to ~35-40Msun, the yield can increase significantly, especially at the lower mass-end, while above ~45Msun the yield becomes similar to the single star yield or even decreases. Our preliminary results show that compared to supernova explosions, the contribution of mass-loss in binary systems to the total Al26 abundance produced by a stellar population is minor. On the other hand, if massive star mass-loss is the origin of Al26 in the early Solar System, our results will have significant implications for the identification of the potential stellar, or stellar population, source.
description: 25 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publishing in ApJ
Nematic state in CeAuSb$_{2}$
Creators: name: Seo, S.
name: Wang, Xiaoyu
name: Thomas, S. M.
name: Rahn, M. C.
name: Carmo, D.
name: Ronning, F.
name: Bauer, E. D.
name: Reis, R. D. dos
name: Janoschek, M.
name: Thompson, J. D.
name: Fernandes, R. M.
name: Rosa, P. F. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At ambient pressure and zero field, tetragonal CeAuSb$_{2}$ hosts stripe antiferromagnetic order at $T_{N} = 6.3$ K. Here we first show via bulk thermodynamic probes and x-ray diffraction measurements that this magnetic order is connected with a structural phase transition to a superstructure which likely breaks $C_{4}$ symmetry, thus signaling nematic order. The temperature-field-pressure phase diagram of CeAuSb$_{2}$ subsequently reveals the emergence of additional ordered states under applied pressure at a multicritical point. Our phenomenological model supports the presence of a vestigial nematic phase in CeAuSb$_{2}$ akin to iron-based high-temperature superconductors; however, superconductivity, if present, remains to be discovered.
Homotopy Quantum Field Theories and Related Ideas
Creators: name: Brightwell, M.
name: Turner, P.
name: Willerton, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this short note we provide a review of some developments in the area of homotopy quantum field theories, loosely based on a talk given by the second author at the Xth Oporto Meeting on Geometry, Topology and Physics.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures; corrected
Agroiconota lateripunctata Spaeth 1936
Creators: name: Sekerka, Lukáš
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Chrysomelidae
Agroiconota
Agroiconota lateripunctata

description: Agroiconota lateripunctata Spaeth, 1936
 Published record. ‘Mendes [= name of collector; thus, São Paulo only]’ (Bඈඋඈඐංൾർ 1996).
 Distribution. Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil (Bahia, Mato Grosso do Sul, São Paulo), Paraguay, and Venezuela. Remarks. Bඈඋඈඐංൾർ (1996) published material labelled ‘Sao Paulo Mendes’ and interpreted Mendes as the name of locality. However, it is most likely a name of collector rather than locality (L. Borowiec, pers. comm. 2020) and thus, the record is here interpreted as São Paulo only.
description: Published as part of Sekerka, Lukáš, 2020, Commented catalogue of Cassidinae (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) of the state of São Paulo, Brazil, with remarks on the collection of Jaro Mráz in the National Museum in Prague, pp. 667-707 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae (Acta. Ent. Mus. Natl. Pragae) (Acta. Ent. Mus. Natl. Pragae) 60 (2) on page 671, DOI: 10.37520/aemnp.2020.048, http://zenodo.org/record/5178055
Direct Detection Constraints on Superheavy Dark Matter
Creators: name: Albuquerque, Ivone F. M.
name: Baudis, Laura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dark matter in the Universe might be composed of superheavy particles (mass >~ 10^10 GeV). These particles can be detected via nuclear recoils produced in elastic scatterings from nuclei. We estimate the observable rate of strongly interacting supermassive particles (simpzillas) in direct dark matter search experiments. The simpzilla energy loss in the Earth and in the experimental shields is taken into account. The most natural scenarios for simpzillas are ruled out based on recent EDELWEISS and CDMS results. The dark matter can be composed of superheavy particles only if these interact weakly with normal matter or if their mass is above 10^15 GeV.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, Figure 2 replaced
An Expert System Approach for determine the stage of UiTM Perlis Palapes Cadet Performance and Ranking Selection
Creators: name: Razak, Tajul Rosli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The palapes cadets are one of the uniform organizations in UiTM Perlis for extra-curricular activities. The palapes cadets arrange their organization in a hierarchy according to grade. Senior uniform officer (SUO) is the highest rank, followed by a junior uniform officer (JUO), sergeant, corporal, lance corporal, and lastly, cadet officer, which is the lowest rank. The palapes organization has several methods to measure performance toward promotion to a higher rank, whether individual performance or in a group. Cadets are selected for promotion based on demonstrated leadership abilities, acquired skills, physical fitness, and comprehension of information as measured through standardized testing. However, this method is too complicated when manually assessed by a trainer or coach. Therefore, this study will propose an expert system, which is one of the artificial intelligence techniques that can recognize the readiness and progression of a palapes cadet.