cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Manifestation of postcollision interaction in Krypton LMN Auger spectrafollowing K-shell photoionization
Creators: name: Li, S.
name: Koulentianos, D.
name: Southworth, S. H.
name: Doumy, G.
name: Young, L.
name: Walko, D. A.
name: Püttner, Ralph
name: Bozek, John D.
name: Céolin, D.
name: Verma, A.
name: Guillemin, R.
name: Piancastelli, M. N.
name: Simon, M.
name: Gerchikov, L. G.
name: Sheinerman, S. A.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Autoionization
subject: Auger processes
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::539 Moderne Physik

description: We report on an experimental and theoretical study of postcollision interaction (PCI) effects on L2−M4,5N2,3 Auger electrons measured above the Kr K-edge in which L2 vacancies are primarily generated by KL2 x-ray emission. Such cascade processes, in which a deep inner-shell vacancy decays first by x-ray emission followed by Auger electron emission, is a strong decay mode in heavy atoms. The L2−M4,5N2,3 Auger electron peak is observed to become increasingly asymmetric with a shifting peak maximum as the absorbed x-ray energy approaches the K-shell ionization threshold. This is attributed to PCI energy exchanges of the Auger electron with the 1s photoelectron. To model the PCI effects, we have applied a semiclassical approach modified to account for the combined lifetimes of the K and L2 hole states. In addition, our analysis treats several closely spaced Auger transitions with final ionic states having different terms and angular momenta.
55 Cancri e’s occultation captured with CHEOPS
Creators: name: Demory, B.-O.
name: Sulis, S.
name: Meier Valdés, E.
name: Delrez, L.
name: Brandeker, Alexis
name: Billot, Nicolas
name: Fortier, A.
name: Hoyer, S.
name: Sousa, S. G.
name: Rauer, Heike
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: planets and satellites: individual: 55 Cnc e
subject: techniques: photometric
subject: methods: observational
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::520 Astronomie::520 Astronomie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Past occultation and phase-curve observations of the ultra-short period super-Earth 55 Cnc e obtained at visible and infrared wavelengths have been challenging to reconcile with a planetary reflection and emission model. In this study, we analyse a set of 41 occultations obtained over a two-year timespan with the CHEOPS satellite. We report the detection of 55 Cnc e’s occultation with an average depth of 12 ± 3 ppm. We derive a corresponding 2σ upper limit on the geometric albedo of Ag < 0.55 once decontaminated from the thermal emission measured by Spitzer at 4.5 µm. CHEOPS’s photometric performance enables, for the first time, the detection of individual occultations of this super-Earth in the visible and identifies short-timescale photometric corrugations likely induced by stellar granulation. We also find a clear 47.3-day sinusoidal pattern in the time-dependent occultation depths that we are unable to relate to stellar noise, nor instrumental systematics, but whose planetary origin could be tested with upcoming JWST occultation observations of this iconic super-Earth.
PickBlue: Seismic Phase Picking for Ocean Bottom Seismometers With Deep Learning
Creators: name: Bornstein, Thomas
name: Lange, D.
name: Münchmeyer, J.
name: Woollam, J.
name: Rietbrock, A.
name: Barcheck, G.
name: Grevemeyer, I.
name: Tilmann, Frederik
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: ocean bottom seismometer
subject: phase picking
subject: OBS seismicity database
subject: machine learning
subject: onset determination
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: Detecting phase arrivals and pinpointing the arrival times of seismic phases in seismograms is crucial for many seismological analysis workflows. For land station data, machine learning methods have already found widespread adoption. However, deep learning approaches are not yet commonly applied to ocean bottom data due to a lack of appropriate training data and models. Here, we compiled an extensive and labeled ocean bottom seismometer (OBS) data set from 15 deployments in different tectonic settings, comprising ∼90,000 P and ∼63,000 S manual picks from 13,190 events and 355 stations. We propose PickBlue, an adaptation of the two popular deep learning networks EQTransformer and PhaseNet. PickBlue joint processes three seismometer recordings in conjunction with a hydrophone component and is trained with the waveforms in the new database. The performance is enhanced by employing transfer learning, where initial weights are derived from models trained with land earthquake data. PickBlue significantly outperforms neural networks trained with land stations and models trained without hydrophone data. The model achieves a mean absolute deviation of 0.05 s for P-waves and 0.12 s for S-waves, and we apply the picker on the Hikurangi Ocean Bottom Tremor and Slow Slip OBS deployment offshore New Zealand. We integrate our data set and trained models into SeisBench to enable an easy and direct application in future deployments.
Hint of an exocomet transit in the CHEOPS light curve of HD 172555
Creators: name: Kiefer, F.
name: Grootel, V. Van
name: Lecavelier Des Etangs, A.
name: Szabó, Gy. M.
name: Brandeker, Alexis
name: Broeg, C.
name: Collier Cameron, A.
name: Deline, A.
name: Olofsson, G.
name: Rauer, Heike
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: stars: variables: δ Scuti
subject: techniques: photometric
subject: comets: general
subject: circumstellar matter
subject: stars: individual: HD 172555
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::520 Astronomie::520 Astronomie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: HD 172555 is a young (~20 Myr) A7V star surrounded by a 10 au wide debris disk suspected to be replenished partly by collisions between large planetesimals. Small evaporating transiting bodies, that is exocomets, have also been detected in this system by spectroscopy. After β Pictoris, this is another example of a system possibly witnessing a phase of the heavy bombardment of planetesimals. In such a system, small bodies trace dynamical evolution processes. We aim to constrain their dust content by using transit photometry. We performed a 2-day-long photometric monitoring of HD 172555 with the CHEOPS space telescope in order to detect shallow transits of exocomets with a typical expected duration of a few hours. The large oscillations in the light curve indicate that HD 172555 is a δ Scuti pulsating star. After removing those dominating oscillations, we found a hint of a transient absorption. If fitted with an exocomet transit model, it would correspond to an evaporating body passing near the star at a distance of 6.8±1.4R★ (or 0.05±0.01 au) with a radius of 2.5 km. These properties are comparable to those of the exocomets already found in this system using spectroscopy, as well as those found in the β Pic system. The nuclei of the Solar System's Jupiter family comets, with radii of 2-6 km, are also comparable in size. This is the first piece of evidence of an exocomet photometric transit detection in the young system of HD 172555.
Additional file 1 of Genetically proxied antidiabetic drugs targets and stroke risk
Creators: name: Zhu, Yahui
name: Li, Mao
name: Wang, Hongfen
name: Yang, Fei
name: Pang, Xinyuan
name: Du, Rongrong
name: Zhang, Jinghong
name: Huang, Xusheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1: Descriptive characteristics of the genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analyses that were included in this Mendelian randomization study.
Supplemental Material—Palliative Professionals’ Experiences of Receiving Gratitude: A Transformative and Protective Resource
Creators: name: Aparicio, Maria
name: Centeno, Carlos
name: Robinson, Carole A.
name: Arantzamendi, María
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 111099 Nursing not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: 160807 Sociological Methodology and Research Methods
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Supplemental Material for Palliative Professionals’ Experiences of Receiving Gratitude: A Transformative and Protective Resource by Maria Aparicio Carlos Centeno Cortés, Carole A. Robinson, and María Arantzamendi Solabarrieta in Qualitative Health Research
Evidence for Trans-Oligoene Chain Formation in Graphene Induced by Iodine
Creators: name: Grote, Fabian
name: Weintrub, Benjamin I.
name: Kreßler, Mira
name: Cao, Qing
name: Halbig, Christian E.
name: Kusch, Patryk
name: Bolotin, Kirill
name: Eigler, Siegfried
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: addition patterns
subject: graphene
subject: iodination
subject: Raman spectroscopy
subject: trans-oligoene
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::541 Physikalische Chemie

description: Functionalization of pristine graphene by hydrogen and fluorine is well studied, resulting in graphane and fluorographene structures. In contrast, functionalization of pristine graphene with iodine has not been reported. Here, the functionalization of graphene with iodine using photochemical activation is presented, which is thermally reversible at 400 °C. Additional dispersive dominant Raman modes that are probed by resonance Raman spectroscopy are observed. Additionally, iodinated graphene is probed by Kelvin probe force microscopy and by transport measurements showing p-doping surpassing non-covalent iodine doping by charge transfer-complex formation. The emergent Raman modes combined with strong p-doping indicate that iodine functionalization is distinct from simple iodine doping. A reaction mechanism based on these findings is proposed, identifying the large size of iodine atoms as the probable cause governing regiochemically controlled addition due to steric hinderance of reactive sites. The modification of the electronic structure is explained by the confinement of 1D trans-oligoene chains between sp3-defects. These results demonstrate the uniqueness of iodine reactivity toward graphene and the modification of the electronic structure of iodinated graphene, highlighting its dependence on the spatial arrangement of substituents.
Glancing through the debris disk: Photometric analysis of DE Boo with CHEOPS
Creators: name: Boldog, Á.
name: Szabó, Gy. M.
name: Kriskovics, L.
name: Brandeker, Alexis
name: Kiefer, F.
name: Bekkelien, A.
name: Guterman, P.
name: Olofsson, G.
name: Simon, A. E.
name: Rauer, Heike
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: techniques: photometric
subject: methods: data analysis
subject: stars: flare
subject: starspots
subject: circumstellar matter
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::520 Astronomie::520 Astronomie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Aims. DE Boo is a unique system, with an edge-on view through the debris disk around the star. The disk, which is analogous to the Kuiper belt in the Solar System, was reported to extend from 74 to 84 AU from the central star. The high photometric precision of the Characterising Exoplanet Satellite (CHEOPS) provided an exceptional opportunity to observe small variations in the light curve due to transiting material in the disk. This is a unique chance to investigate processes in the debris disk. Methods. Photometric observations of DE Boo of a total of four days were carried out with CHEOPS. Photometric variations due to spots on the stellar surface were subtracted from the light curves by applying a two-spot model and a fourth-order polynomial. The photometric observations were accompanied by spectroscopic measurements with the 1m RCC telescope at Piszkésteto and with the SOPHIE spectrograph in order to refine the astrophysical parameters of DE Boo. Results. We present a detailed analysis of the photometric observation of DE Boo. We report the presence of nonperiodic transient features in the residual light curves with a transit duration of 0.3–0.8 days. We calculated the maximum distance of the material responsible for these variations to be 2.47 AU from the central star, much closer than most of the mass of the debris disk. Furthermore, we report the first observation of flaring events in this system. Conclusions. We interpreted the transient features as the result of scattering in an inner debris disk around DE Boo. The processes responsible for these variations were investigated in the context of interactions between planetesimals in the system.
How to adequately represent biological processes in modeling multifunctionality of arable soils
Creators: name: Vogel, H.-J.
name: Amelung, Wulf
name: Baum, C.
name: Bonkowski, Michael
name: Blagodatsky, S.
name: Grosch, R.
name: Herbst, M.
name: Kiese, R.
name: Koch, S.
name: Rillig, Matthias C.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soil biology
subject: Soil functions
subject: Mechanistic modeling
subject: Soil carbon
subject: Soil nitrogen
subject: Soil phosphorous
subject: Soil structur
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Essential soil functions such as plant productivity, C storage, nutrient cycling and the storage and purification of water all depend on soil biological processes. Given this insight, it is remarkable that in modeling of these soil functions, the various biological actors usually do not play an explicit role. In this review and perspective paper we analyze the state of the art in modeling these soil functions and how biological processes could more adequately be accounted for. We do this for six different biologically driven processes clusters that are key for understanding soil functions, namely i) turnover of soil organic matter, ii) N cycling, iii) P dynamics, iv) biodegradation of contaminants v) plant disease control and vi) soil structure formation. A major conclusion is that the development of models to predict changes in soil functions at the scale of soil profiles (i.e. pedons) should be better rooted in the underlying biological processes that are known to a large extent. This is prerequisite to arrive at the predictive models that we urgently need under current conditions of Global Change.
Characterising TOI-732 b and c: New insights into the M-dwarf radius and density valley
Creators: name: Bonfanti, A.
name: Brady, M.
name: Wilson, T. G.
name: Venturini, J.
name: Egger, J. A.
name: Brandeker, Alexis
name: Sousa, S. G.
name: Lendl, M.
name: Simon, A. E.
name: Rauer, H.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: techniques: photometric
subject: techniques: radial velocities
subject: planets and satellites: fundamental parameters
subject: stars: fundamental parameters
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::520 Astronomie::520 Astronomie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Context. TOI-732 is an M dwarf hosting two transiting planets that are located on the two opposite sides of the radius valley. Inferring a reliable demographics for this type of systems is key to understanding their formation and evolution mechanisms. Aims. By doubling the number of available space-based observations and increasing the number of radial velocity (RV) measurements, we aim at refining the parameters of TOI-732 b and c. We also use the results to study the slope of the radius valley and the density valley for a well-characterised sample of M-dwarf exoplanets. Methods. We performed a global Markov chain Monte Carlo analysis by jointly modelling ground-based light curves and CHEOPS and TESS observations, along with RV time series both taken from the literature and obtained with the MAROON-X spectrograph. The slopes of the M-dwarf valleys were quantified via a support vector machine (SVM) procedure. Results. TOI-732b is an ultrashort-period planet (P = 0.76837931-0.00000042+0.0000039 days) with a radius Rb = 1.325-0.058+0.057R⊕, a mass Mb = 2.46 ± 0.19 M⊕, and thus a mean density ρb = 5.8-0.8+1.0 g cm-3, while the outer planet at P = 12.252284 ± 0.000013 days has Rc = 2.39-0.11+0.10R⊕, Mc = 8.04-0.48+0.50M⊕, and thus ρc = 3.24-0.43+0.55 g cm-3. Even with respect to the most recently reported values, this work yields uncertainties on the transit depths and on the RV semi-amplitudes that are smaller up to a factor of ~1.6 and ~2.4 for TOI-732 b and c, respectively. Our calculations for the interior structure and the location of the planets in the mass-radius diagram lead us to classify TOI-732 b as a super-Earth and TOI-732 c as a mini-Neptune. Following the SVM approach, we quantified d log Rp,valley / d logP = -0.065-0.013+0.024, which is flatter than for Sun-like stars. In line with former analyses, we note that the radius valley for M-dwarf planets is more densely populated, and we further quantify the slope of the density valley as d log ρ^valley / d log P = -0.02-0.04+0.12. Conclusions. Compared to FGK stars, the weaker dependence of the position of the radius valley on the orbital period might indicate that the formation shapes the radius valley around M dwarfs more strongly than the evolution mechanisms.
Receptor Density-Dependent Motility of Influenza Virus Particles on Surface Gradients
Creators: name: Hamming, P. H. Erik
name: Overeem, Nico J.
name: Diestelhorst, Kevin
name: Fiers, Tren
name: Tieke, Malte
name: Vos, Gaël M.
name: Boons, Geert-Jan
name: Vries, Erhard Van Der
name: Block, Stephan
name: Huskens, Jurriaan
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: motility
subject: influenza
subject: surface gradients
subject: multivalency
subject: receptor density
subject: surface diffusion
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Influenza viruses can move across the surface of host cells while interacting with their glycocalyx. This motility may assist in finding or forming locations for cell entry and thereby promote cellular uptake. Because the binding to and cleavage of cell surface receptors forms the driving force for the process, the surface-bound motility of influenza is expected to be dependent on the receptor density. Surface gradients with gradually varying receptor densities are thus a valuable tool to study binding and motility processes of influenza and can function as a mimic for local receptor density variations at the glycocalyx that may steer the directionality of a virus particle in finding the proper site of uptake. We have tracked individual influenza virus particles moving over surfaces with receptor density gradients. We analyzed the extracted virus tracks first at a general level to verify neuraminidase activity and subsequently with increasing detail to quantify the receptor density-dependent behavior on the level of individual virus particles. While a directional bias was not observed, most likely due to limitations of the steepness of the surface gradient, the surface mobility and the probability of sticking were found to be significantly dependent on receptor density. A combination of high surface mobility and high dissociation probability of influenza was observed at low receptor densities, while the opposite occurred at higher receptor densities. These properties result in an effective mechanism for finding high-receptor density patches, which are believed to be a key feature of potential locations for cell entry.
sj-pdf-1-pus-10.1177_09636625221093194 – Supplemental material for Guidance in the chaos: Effects of science communication by virologists during the COVID-19 crisis in Germany and the role of parasocial phenomena
Creators: name: Utz, Sonja
name: Gaiser, Franziska
name: Wolfers, Lara N.
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 200199 Communication and Media Studies not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-pus-10.1177_09636625221093194 for Guidance in the chaos: Effects of science communication by virologists during the COVID-19 crisis in Germany and the role of parasocial phenomena by Sonja Utz, Franziska Gaiser and Lara N. Wolfers in Public Understanding of Science
sj-docx-1-las-10.1177_00238309221095455 – Supplemental material for Using Network Science and Psycholinguistic Megastudies to Examine the Dimensions of Phonological Similarity
Creators: name: Castro, Nichol
name: Vitevitch, Michael S.
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 200199 Communication and Media Studies not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: Education
subject: 200399 Language Studies not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-las-10.1177_00238309221095455 for Using Network Science and Psycholinguistic Megastudies to Examine the Dimensions of Phonological Similarity by Nichol Castro and Michael S. Vitevitch in Language and Speech
Towards tunable graphene phononic crystals
Creators: name: Yu, Yuefeng
name: Kirchhof, Jan N.
name: Tsarapkin, Aleksei
name: Deinhart, Victor
name: Yücel, Oguzhan
name: Höfer, Bianca
name: Höflich, Katja
name: Bolotin, Kirill
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: nanomechanics
subject: phononic crystal
subject: graphene
subject: optomechanics
subject: resonators
subject: NEMS
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Phononic crystals (PnCs) are artificially patterned media exhibiting bands of allowed and forbidden zones for phonons—in analogy to the electronic band structure of crystalline solids arising from the periodic arrangement of atoms. Many emerging applications of PnCs from solid-state simulators to quantum memories could benefit from the on-demand tunability of the phononic band structure. Here, we demonstrate the fabrication of suspended graphene PnCs in which the phononic band structure is controlled by mechanical tension applied electrostatically. We show signatures of a mechanically tunable phononic band gap. The experimental data supported by simulation suggests a phononic band gap at 28–33 MHz in equilibrium, which upshifts by 9 MHz under a mechanical tension of 3.1 N m−1. This is an essential step towards tunable phononics paving the way for more experiments on phononic systems based on 2D materials.
Prevalence of suicidal ideation in German psychotherapy outpatients: A large multicenter assessment
Creators: name: Teismann, T.
name: Forkmann, T.
name: Glaesmer, H.
name: Alpers, G. W.
name: Brakemeier, Eva-Lotta
name: Brockmeyer, T.
name: Christiansen, H.
name: Fehm, L.
name: Kaiser, Tim
name: Renneberg, Babette
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Suicidal ideation
subject: Mental disorders
subject: Prevalence
subject: Cognitive-behavior therapy
subject: KODAP
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: Background Suicidal ideation is a major concern in clinical practice. Yet, little is known about prevalence rates of suicidal ideation in patients undergoing outpatient psychotherapeutic treatment. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to assess the prevalence of suicidal ideation in a large sample of psychotherapy outpatients in Germany. The data analyzed in this study is taken from the KODAP-project on the coordination of data collection and analysis at German university-based research and training outpatient clinics for psychotherapy. Methods A total of N = 10,357 adult outpatients (64.4 % female; age: M(SD) = 35.94 (13.54), range: 18–92 years of age) starting cognitive-behavioral therapy at one of 27 outpatient clinics in Germany were included in the current study. Prevalence of suicidal ideation was assessed with the Suicide Item (Item 9) of the Beck-Depression Inventory II. Results Suicidal ideation was reported by 36.7 % (n = 3795) of the participants. Borderline Personality Disorder, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, and recurrent Major Depression were the diagnoses most strongly associated with the presence and severity of suicidal ideation. Limitation Suicide ideation was assessed only with the respective item of the Beck Depression Inventory II. Conclusion Suicidal ideation is very common among adult patients who start psychotherapy in Germany. A well-founded knowledge of risk assessment in suicidal patients and suicide-specific treatment options is therefore highly relevant.
Challenges and advanced concepts for the assessment of learning and memory function in mice
Creators: name: Lang, Benjamin
name: Kahnau, Pia
name: Hohlbaum, Katharina
name: Mieske, Paul
name: Andresen, Niek P.
name: Boon, Marcus Nicolaas
name: Thöne-Reineke, Christa
name: Lewejohann, Lars
name: Diederich, Kai
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: learning and memory
subject: animal cognition
subject: home cage analysis
subject: social interaction
subject: automated tracking
subject: ecological validity
subject: animal welfare
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: The mechanisms underlying the formation and retrieval of memories are still an active area of research and discussion. Manifold models have been proposed and refined over the years, with most assuming a dichotomy between memory processes involving non-conscious and conscious mechanisms. Despite our incomplete understanding of the underlying mechanisms, tests of memory and learning count among the most performed behavioral experiments. Here, we will discuss available protocols for testing learning and memory using the example of the most prevalent animal species in research, the laboratory mouse. A wide range of protocols has been developed in mice to test, e.g., object recognition, spatial learning, procedural memory, sequential problem solving, operant- and fear conditioning, and social recognition. Those assays are carried out with individual subjects in apparatuses such as arenas and mazes, which allow for a high degree of standardization across laboratories and straightforward data interpretation but are not without caveats and limitations. In animal research, there is growing concern about the translatability of study results and animal welfare, leading to novel approaches beyond established protocols. Here, we present some of the more recent developments and more advanced concepts in learning and memory testing, such as multi-step sequential lockboxes, assays involving groups of animals, as well as home cage-based assays supported by automated tracking solutions; and weight their potential and limitations against those of established paradigms. Shifting the focus of learning tests from the classical experimental chamber to settings which are more natural for rodents comes with a new set of challenges for behavioral researchers, but also offers the opportunity to understand memory formation and retrieval in a more conclusive way than has been attainable with conventional test protocols. We predict and embrace an increase in studies relying on methods involving a higher degree of automatization, more naturalistic- and home cage-based experimental setting as well as more integrated learning tasks in the future. We are confident these trends are suited to alleviate the burden on animal subjects and improve study designs in memory research.
88533: There is no case of petty right or wrong
Creators: name: Project Team, First World War Poetry Digital Archive
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: The manuscript does not have a title and is named here after its first line. It is no. 93 in Edward Thomas Collected Poems
Additional file 1 of Phylodynamics of dengue virus 2 in Nicaragua leading up to the 2019 epidemic reveals a role for lineage turnover
Creators: name: Thongsripong, Panpim
name: Edgerton, Sean V.
name: Bos, Sandra
name: Saborío, Saira
name: Kuan, Guillermina
name: Balmaseda, Angel
name: Harris, Eva
name: Bennett, Shannon N.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
What AlpArray tells us about stress and water resources under the Alpine Region
Creators: name: Bokelmann, Götz
name: Lu, Y.
name: Aiman, Y.
name: Kramer, R.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: New applications of seismic data
subject: 500 Natural sciences and mathematics::550 Earth sciences::550 Earth sciences

description: The seismological AlpArray has shed much light on Earth`s structure and earthquakes in the Alpine region. Beside these two classical seismological applications (“events” and “structure”), a dataset of this kind can also be used for other purposes, and the geophysics group at the University of Vienna has been interested in extending the range of applications also into non-classical domains over the last years. The data have helped us understand non-tectonic phenomena that generate seismic waves in the region, both of natural (such as water, wind, rockfalls, etc.), and of human origin (such as explosions, fires, trains, etc.). This has also extended the use of seismic data across the Earth`s surface, using seismic wave coupling with infrasound. In this presentation, we focus on new applications of seismic data that extend the “structural” portfolio of seismological techniques, based on nonlinear elasticity (temporal velocity changes). “Pump-probe” approaches use a known test signal to infer subsurface properties. One such test signal is given by tidal stress, which we use as “pump” and ambient noise as “probe”, to infer the orientation of mechanical stress acting at crustal depth throughout the Alpine region. This complements the World Stress Map in regions, where we have previously not had stress data - allowing us, for example, to understand why certain major faults in the Eastern Alps (the Periadriatic Line and the Giudicarie Fault) do not rupture seismically, different from less mature, but more favorably-oriented faults. A particularly promising new application of seismic waves is the study of water in the shallow subsurface, which affects seismic wave velocities. We show that seismic waves can be used to constrain the hydraulic properties of ground water reservoirs from seismic data. Ground water level is often sensitive to air-pressure variations, and we can use the latter as “pump” to explore ground water reservoir characteristics throughout the Alpine region. The large regional variation in observed admissivity throughout Central Europe indicates the effects of thermally-related and air-pressure-related influences. The study of seismological AlpArray data shows that also changes of soil moisture can be made visible by seismic imaging. Such variations occur periodically, but there are also important long-term trends, which show different characteristics in different regions. Seismic data can fill the observational gap in soil moisture, in a wide range of distances, and importantly, in the depth range that is relevant for plant growth. This shows that seismology can give rather useful constraints for understanding the consequences of climate change.
56081: Daughters of War
Creators: name: Project Team, First World War Poetry Digital Archive
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Space beats the ruddy freedom of their limbs---
 Their naked dances with man's spirit naked
 By the root side of the tree of life
 (The under side of things
 And shut from earth's profoundest eyes).
 I saw in prophetic gleams
 These mighty daughters in their dances
 Beckon each soul aghast from its crimson corpse
 To mix in their glittering dances.
 I heard the mighty daughters' giant sighs
 In sleepless passion for the sons of valour,
 And envy of the days of flesh
 Barring their love with mortal boughs across---
 The mortal boughs, the mortal tree of life.
 The old bark burnt with iron wars
 They blow to a live flame
 To char the young green days
 And reach the occult soul; they have no softer
 lure---
 No softer lure than the savage ways of death.
 We were satisfied of our lords the moon and
 the sun
 To take our wage of sleep and bread and
 warmth---
 These maidens came---these strong everliving
 Amazons,
 And in an easy might their wrists
 Of night's sway and noon's sway the sceptres
 brake,
 Clouding the wild---the soft lustres of our eyes.
 Clouding the wild lustres, the clinging tender
 lights;
 Driving the darkness into the flame of day
 With the Amazonian wind of them
 Over our corroding faces
 That must be broken---broken for evermore
 So the soul can leap out
 Into their huge embraces.
 Though there are human faces
 Best sculptures of Deity,
 And sinews lusted after
 By the Archangels tall,
 Even these must leap to the love-heat of these
 maidens
 From the flame of terrene days,
 Leaving grey ashes to the wind---to the wind.
 One (whose great lifted face,
 Where wisdom's strength and beauty's strength
 And the thewed strength of large beasts
 Moved and merged, gloomed and lit)
 Was speaking, surely, as the earth-men's earth
 fell away;
 Whose new hearing drank the sound
 Where pictures lutes and mountains mixed
 With the loosed spirit of a thought.
 Essenced to language, thus---
 'My sisters force their males
 From the doomed earth, from the doomed glee
 And hankering of hearts.
 Frail hands gleam up through the human quag-
 mire and lips of ash
 Seem to wail, as in sad faded paintings
 Far sunken and strange.
 My sisters have their males
 Clean of the dust of old days
 That clings about those white hands
 And yearns in those voices sad.
 But these shall not see them,
 Or think of them in any days or years;
 They are my sisters' lovers in other days and
 years.'
Dating the youngest deformation in the Alps with ESR thermochronometry
Creators: name: Argante, Valentina
name: Tsukamoto, Sumiko
name: Tanner, David C.
name: Hagke, Christoph Von
name: Brandes, Christian
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Thermochronology
subject: ESR Dating
subject: 500 Natural sciences and mathematics::550 Earth sciences::550 Earth sciences

description: Low-temperature thermochronology is a useful tool to reconstruct tectonic deformation and landscape evolution within the first 2 km of the crust. It is a suitable tool to investigate deformation associated with cooling and exhumation of the lower crust in orogenic settings. Low temperature thermochronology is applied here to understand the Neogenic post-collisional extensional event that occurred in the Alps, because a gap in previous age dating exists between a thousand and a million years. Quartz is the most common mineral in the crust; occurring in magmatic as well as sedimentary and metamorphic rocks. The potential of quartz electron-spin resonance (ESR) as a radiation dosimeter has been well documented, and many studies applied the method to date sediments and heated rocks (e.g. tephra). In this study, we apply quartz ESR dating as an ultralow-temperature thermochronometer, characterized by a closure temperature of 30°-90°, and dating range of 103-107 years. We show the results of ESR thermochronometry on quartz applied to rocks from crustal-scale faults in the Central (Simplon Fault) and Eastern Alps (Brenner and Salzachtal Faults). Here, the lower crust has been tectonically exhumed, associated with exhumation of the Lepontine Dome and Tauern Window, respectively. Thermochronological data are available from this area, such as fission tracks or U-Th/He data on zircon and apatite. Results of the ESR measurements of 15 samples crossing the Brenner and Salzachtal faults (northern and western border of the Tauern Window) show that the ESR ages of quartz get younger (<1Ma) inside the western part of the Tauern Window, in accordance with fission track and (U-Th)/He ages. In general, younger ages (between 200 and 500 ka) are also obtain closer to the fault zone, localized near (e.g. Simplon Fault) or at the bottom of the valley (e.g. Brenner Fault), compared with the protolithic rocks (600-900 ka). We interpret the trend of the ESR ages as an exhumation of the isotherms due to both recent uplift of the footwall of the fault and for erosion of the valley, where the later overprints the former. These results promise to establish ESR as an ultra-low thermochronometer using quartz for the Quaternary landscape reconstruction of the Alpine chain.
sj-docx-1-ctj-10.1177_17407745221090733 – Supplemental material for Barriers and enablers to cancer clinical trial participation and initiatives to improve opportunities for rural cancer patients: A scoping review
Creators: name: McPhee, Narelle J
name: Nightingale, Claire E
name: Harris, Samuel J
name: Segelov, Eva
name: Ristevski, Eli
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 160807 Sociological Methodology and Research Methods
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-ctj-10.1177_17407745221090733 for Barriers and enablers to cancer clinical trial participation and initiatives to improve opportunities for rural cancer patients: A scoping review by Narelle J McPhee, Claire E Nightingale, Samuel J Harris, Eva Segelov and Eli Ristevski in Clinical Trials
Evidence for Charging and Discharging of MoS2 and WS2 on Mica by Intercalating Molecularly Thin Liquid Layers
Creators: name: Li, Hanlin
name: Kovalchuk, Sviatoslav
name: Kumar, Abhijeet
name: Liang, Dianjing
name: Frank, Bradley D.
name: Lin, Hu
name: Severin, Nikolai
name: Bolotin, Kirill
name: Kirstein, Stefan
name: Rabe, Jürgen P.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: charge transfer doping
subject: mica
subject: photoluminescence
subject: transition metal dichalcogenides
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are often mechanically exfoliated on mica and examined under ambient conditions. It is known that above a certain relative humidity, a molecularly thin layer of water intercalates between the mica and the TMDC. Herein, the effect of molecularly thin liquid layers on the optical spectra of MoS2 and WS2 exfoliated on dry mica and exposed to the vapors of water, ethanol, and tetrahydrofuran (THF) is investigated. Photoluminescence and differential reflectance (ΔR/R) spectra on the TMDCs on dry mica show dominant trion emission due to n-doping. Intercalation of water removes charge doping and results in purely neutral exciton emission, while an ethanol layer, which can be reversibly exchanged with water, does not completely suppress charge. Similarly, THF intercalates between TMDC and mica, as shown by atomic force microscopy, but it does not suppress the charging of mica. In MoS2 bi- and trilayers, an intercalated water layer leads to a near doubling of the intensity of the indirect band transition. The described charging/discharging of TMDCs by molecular thin liquid layers can provide important clues to better control the optical properties of TMDCs under environmental conditions.
Probing the Formation of Dark Interlayer Excitons via Ultrafast Photocurrent
Creators: name: Yagodkin, Denis
name: Kumar, Abhijeet
name: Ankerhold, Elias
name: Richter, Johanna
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Gahl, Cornelius
name: Bolotin, Kirill
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: interlayer dark exciton
subject: transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs)
subject: 2D semiconductor heterostructures
subject: time-resolved photocurrent
subject: interlayer dark exciton dynamics
subject: time-resolved differential reflectivity
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::541 Physikalische Chemie

description: Optically dark excitons determine a wide range of properties of photoexcited semiconductors yet are hard to access via conventional time-resolved spectroscopies. Here, we develop a time-resolved ultrafast photocurrent technique (trPC) to probe the formation dynamics of optically dark excitons. The nonlinear nature of the trPC makes it particularly sensitive to the formation of excitons occurring at the femtosecond time scale after the excitation. As a proof of principle, we extract the interlayer exciton formation time of 0.4 ps at 160 μJ/cm2 fluence in a MoS2/MoSe2 heterostructure and show that this time decreases with fluence. In addition, our approach provides access to the dynamics of carriers and their interlayer transport. Overall, our work establishes trPC as a technique to study dark excitons in various systems that are hard to probe by other approaches.
Online supplementary file 1 - Supplemental material for Onset of Sarcoidosis in Patients on Biologic Therapy: A Systematic Review
Creators: name: Lytvyn, Yuliya
name: Mufti, Asfandyar
name: Sachdeva, Muskaan
name: Abduelmula, Abrahim
name: Bagit, Ahmed
name: Yeung, Jensen
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine

description: Supplemental material, Online supplementary file 1, for Onset of Sarcoidosis in Patients on Biologic Therapy: A Systematic Review by Yuliya Lytvyn, Asfandyar Mufti, Muskaan Sachdeva, Abrahim Abduelmula, Ahmed Bagit and Jensen Yeung in Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery
A systematic mapping review of the evolution of the rat Forced Swim Test: Protocols and outcome parameters
Creators: name: Brandwein, Christiane
name: Leenaars, Cathalijn H. C.
name: Becker, Laura
name: Pfeiffer, Natascha
name: Iorgu, Ana -Maria
name: Hahn, Melissa
name: Vairani, Gaia A.
name: Lewejohann, Lars
name: Bleich, André
name: Mallien, Anne S.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: FST
subject: Porsolt
subject: Systematic review
subject: Rats
subject: Forced Swim Test
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: As depression is projected to become the leading mental disease burden globally by 2030, understanding the underlying pathology, as well as screening potential anti-depressants with a higher efficacy, faster onset of action, and/or fewer side-effects is essential. A commonly used test for screening novel antidepressants and studying depression-linked aspects in rodents is the Porsolt Forced Swim Test. The present systematic mappping review gives a comprehensive overview of the evolution and of the most prevalently used set-ups of this test in rats, including the choice of animals (strain, sex, and age), technical aspects of protocol and environment, as well as reported outcome measures. Additionally, we provide an accessible list of all existing publications, to support informed decision-making for procedural and technical aspects of the test, to thereby enhance reproducibility and comparability. This should further contribute to reducing the number of unnecessarily replicated experiments, and consequently, reduce the number of animals used in future.
sj-pdf-1-ijt-10.1177_10915818221093605 – Supplemental Material for Evaluation of Pulmonary Effects of 3-D Printer Emissions From Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Using an Air-Liquid Interface Model of Primary Normal Human-Derived Bronchial Epithelial Cells
Creators: name: Farcas, Mariana T.
name: McKinney, Walter
name: Coyle, Jayme
name: Orandle, Marlene
name: Mandler, W. Kyle
name: Stefaniak, Aleksandr B.
name: Bowers, Lauren
name: Battelli, Lori
name: Richardson, Diana
name: Hammer, Mary A.
name: Friend, Sherri A.
name: Service, Samantha
name: Kashon, Michael
name: Qi, Chaolong
name: Hammond, Duane R.
name: Thomas, Treye A.
name: Matheson, Joanna
name: Qian, Yong
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-ijt-10.1177_10915818221093605 for Evaluation of Pulmonary Effects of 3-D Printer Emissions From Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Using an Air-Liquid Interface Model of Primary Normal Human-Derived Bronchial Epithelial Cells by Mariana T. Farcas, Walter McKinney, Jayme Coyle, Marlene Orandle, W. Kyle Mandler, Aleksandr B. Stefaniak, Lauren Bowers, Lori Battelli, Diana Richardson, Mary A. Hammer, Sherri A. Friend, Samantha Service, Michael Kashon, Chaolong Qi, Duane R. Hammond, Treye A. Thomas, Joanna Matheson and Yong Qian in International Journal of Toxicology
Ritual Commensality between Human and Non-Human Persons: Investigating Native Ontologies in the Late Pre-Columbian Andean World
Creators: name: Bray, Tamara L.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Andean Archaeology
subject: Commensality
subject: Feasting
subject: huaca
subject: Pre-Columbian Andes
subject: Ontology
subject: Relationality
subject: 900 Geschichte und Geografie::930 Geschichte des Altertums (bis ca. 499), Archäologie

description: In anthropology, it has become axiomatic that social relationships are constructed through food practices and embodied in food. This paper suggests that both ritual and quotidian commensality have as either a goal or a consequence the construction of specific relations of sociality, and in this regard are not so different. What may distinguish these spheres of commensality, however, are the types of persons engaged in the act of shared consumption. The paper considers ritual commensality as a means of exploring the social universe and indigenous ontology of native Andean peoples, using both archaeological and ethnohistoric data. The role such commensal activities may have played in the construction of, and engagement with, other-than-human persons in the late pre-Columbian Andes is considered.