cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ecological Management, Cultural Reform, and Religious Creativity
Creators: name: Jenkins, Willis
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Religion
subject: Spirituality
subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Theology

description: Complex environmental problems frustrate practical reasoning and scientific research, and thereby challenge relations between ethics and ecology. Sustainability crises, in which human powers affect ecological systems in ways that jeopardize basic social values, become practical problems only as cultures create capacities to take responsibility for them. They become real problems, that is, only as cultural reform processes generate ways to confront and learn from social crises. Issues such as climate change therefore require professionals who can make challenges to environmental science and moral culture into sites for adaptive learning and social change, thereby making inchoate threats into intelligible civic problems. How to make crises into problems shapes an ongoing debate over competing strategies of practical reason. Should ethics critique the cultural worldviews and metaphysical assumptions at root of environmental crises, or should it develop practical responses to specific problems from broadly available cultural values? The question seems to force a dilemma: choosing the cosmological route lets one critique the depth of problems, but at the cost of distance from the moral imagination and political values of most citizens, while choosing the pragmatic route lets one deploy cultural values to support specific policy solutions, but at the cost of being constrained by the modest reforms those values permit.
The ACS LCID project VII: the blue stragglers population in the isolated dSph galaxies Cetus and Tucana
Creators: name: Monelli, M.
name: Cassisi, S.
name: Mapelli, M.
name: Bernard, E. J.
name: Aparicio, A.
name: Skillman, E. D.
name: Stetson, P. B.
name: Gallart, C.
name: Hidalgo, S. L.
name: Mayer, L.
name: Tolstoy, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first investigation of the Blue Straggler star (BSS) population in two isolated dwarf spheroidal galaxies of the Local Group, Cetus and Tucana. Deep HST/ACS photometry allowed us to identify samples of 940 and 1214 candidates, respectively. The analysis of the star formation histories of the two galaxies suggests that both host a population of BSSs. Specifically, if the BSS candidates are interpreted as young main sequence stars, they do not conform to their galaxy's age-metallicity relationship. The analysis of the luminosity function and the radial distributions support this conclusion, and suggest a non-collisional mechanism for the BSS formation, from the evolution of primordial binaries. This scenario is also supported by the results of new dynamical simulations presented here. Both galaxies coincide with the relationship between the BSS frequency and the absolute visual magnitude Mv found by Momany et al (2007). If this relationship is confirmed by larger sample, then it could be a valuable tool to discriminate between the presence of BSSs and galaxies hosting truly young populations.
description: Accepted for publication on ApJ. 15 pages, 3 tables, 13 figures. A version with high resolution figure can be downloaded from http://rialto.ll.iac.es/proyecto/LCID/?p=publications
Zero-error classical capacity of qubit channels cannot be superactivated
Creators: name: Park, Jeonghoon
name: Lee, Soojoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was shown [T.S. Cubitt et al., IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory 57, 8114 (2011)] that there exist quantum channels where a single use cannot transmit classical information perfectly yet two uses can. This phenomenon is called the superactivation of the zero-error classical capacity which does not occur in classical channels. In this paper, it is shown that qubit channels cannot generate the superactivation.
description: 4 pages
title: 7th Annual Report: IBBEAM – Integrated Biscayne Bay Ecological Assessment and Monitoring
Creators: name: Lirman, Diego
name: Browder, Joan
name: Serafy, Joseph
Publisher: name: NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service Southeast Fisheries Science Center
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/0396y0w87
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2019

description: Southeast Fisheries Science Center reference document PRBD ; 2019-03
description: The Integrated Biscayne Bay Ecological and Assessment and Monitoring (IBBEAM) program tracks and assesses the ecological status of central and southern Biscayne Bay’s shallow nearshore zone. Our program goals are to gauge the effectiveness of the system-wide Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Project (CERP) and the CERP project closest to Biscayne Bay, the Biscayne Bay Coastal Wetlands (BBCW) project.
Economic Crisis, Economic Justice, and the Divine Commonwealth
Creators: name: Dorrien, Gary
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Religion
subject: Spirituality
subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Theology

description: It is a great privilege for me to address this remarkable gathering of ecumenical social justice advocates. I’ve been asked to speak about the economic crisis of our time and the involvement of Christian communities in struggles for social justice, and I’m going to begin by saying something about the tradition of ecumenical social ethics that we share. The idea that our faith calls us to create a just society is as old as the biblical message of letting justice flow like a river and pouring yourself out for the poor and vulnerable, as in the magnificent text from Isaiah 58 that underlies this conference. This scriptural idea was renewed in the early 1880s by the Social Gospel Movement, which created the field that I teach, social ethics. Long before the Social Gospel arose, there were Christian movements in this country that opposed slavery, war, economic oppression, male supremacism, and alcohol. But the Social Gospel introduced something new—the idea that salvation has to be personal and social to be saving. The Social Gospel Movement was the greatest surge of social justice activism ever waged by the mainline churches in this country. It was not a coincidence that the social gospel, social ethics, sociology, socialism, and the very ideas of social structure, social salvation, and social justice all arose at the same time; also corporate capitalism and the trade unions.
Assessing fish farm economic performance and access to financial services nexus: Empirical evidence from Ghana
Creators: name: Twumasi, Martinson Ankrah
name: Asante, Dennis
name: Asante, Isaac Owusu
name: Addai, Bismark
name: Jiang, Yuansheng
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This study assesses the factors influencing of access to financial services (AFS) and its impact on fish farm economic performance by employing a multiple-stage random sampling approach to sample 131 fish farms from two regions in Ghana. We accounted for the selection bias issue using the endogenous treatment regression model. The results reveal that factors such asgender, education, fish farm size, asset ownership, off-farm work, and distance influence farmers' access to financial services. The result also showed that AFS improves fish farm economic performance. Moreover, we observe that female farmers and high-income households with access to financial services have higher fish yields and net returns than their counterparts. The study’s findings have provided evidence that AFS can be a transmission route in the efforts to enhance aquaculture development in the nation. Our results serve as a call to the government and policymakers to provide strategies and methods to make financial services accessibility easy and straightforward.
Glutamate receptors on myelinated spinal cord axons: I. GluR6 kainate receptors
Creators: name: Ouardouz, Mohamed
name: Basak, Ajoy
name: Chen, Andrew
name: Rehak, Renata
name: Yin, Xinghua
name: Coderre, Elaine M.
name: Zamponi, Gerald W.
name: Hameed, Shahid
name: Trapp, Bruce D. T.
name: Stys, Peter K.
Publisher: name: Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Year: 2009

description: The deleterious effects of glutamate excitotoxicity are well described for central nervous system gray matter. Although overactivation of glutamate receptors also contributes to axonal injury, the mechanisms are poorly understood. Our goal was to elucidate the mechanisms of kainate receptor-dependent axonal Ca(2+) deregulation.
From Petrov-Einstein to Navier-Stokes in Spatially Curved Spacetime
Creators: name: Huang, Tai-Zhuo
name: Ling, Yi
name: Pan, Wen-Jian
name: Tian, Yu
name: Wu, Xiao-Ning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize the framework in arXiv:1104.5502 to the case that an embedding may have a nonvanishing intrinsic curvature. Directly employing the Brown-York stress tensor as the fundamental variables, we study the effect of finite perturbations of the extrinsic curvature while keeping the intrinsic metric fixed. We show that imposing a Petrov type I condition on the hypersurface geometry may reduce to the incompressible Navier-Stokes equation for a fluid moving in spatially curved spacetime in the near-horizon limit.
description: 17 pages, references added, generalizing the metric form in part 3, version published in JHEP
Frost Heave as the Main Process Defining Natural Unforested Areas below a Temperature Treeline
Creators: name: Toloui-Semnani, Moujan
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Jumping Pound is a treeless ridge, with a SE-NW strike of faults and thrust sheets in the Foothills of the Canadian Rockies, stretched more or less perpendicular to the direction of the winter wind that transports the snow off the ridge. This thesis examines the occurrence of frost-heave as well as the yearly frost-heave temporal window in Jumping Pound ridge. Seeds from the trees in the forested adjacent SW slope are dispersed at the end of fall and travel primarily toward the direction of the dominant wind into the ridge crest where they overwinter. This thesis demonstrates that in the growing season, there is sufficient regolith moisture for germination. However, in the following fall and winter the seedlings are uprooted due to constant regolith movement. The snowless, cold soil surface temperatures create a steep gradient of temperature at lower depths, driving the process of frost-heave. The driving mechanisms for the frost heave in this region are identified and analyzed.
Disability Studies as a Liberatory Project: Implications for the Classroom
Creators: name: Strimple, Cheryl
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Religion
subject: Spirituality
subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Theology

description: Although disability studies (DS) coalesced as a field of critical theory in the late 1980s, DS has yet to gain widespread acknowledgement and acceptance among critical theories, university curricula, and the academy. From the perspective of liberation theology, DS destabilizes, problematizing race and ethnicity as the current bases of minoritized identities. That liberation theology is viewed as a "thing of the past" indicates the tenacious hold of an unspoken center of privilege. Though highly contextualized, unexamined privilege continues to operate as though universal, objective, and neutral. If liberation theology is spoken of in the past tense, what are the implications for minoritized identities, generally, and disability as a little-recognized minority identity, in particular? Universal Design for Learning (UDL) stands at the intersection of liberationist projects and disability studies. Disability studies offers a vantage point from which to question assumptions about pedagogical practices in the classroom, and UDL provides a liberatory conceptual frame and practical strategies to redress the inequalities in education faced by people with disabilities.
Tensile strength and fracture mechanics of cohesive dry snow related to slab avalanches
Creators: name: Borstad, Christopher P.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Fracture mechanics has been applied for over 30 years to explain the release of slab avalanches, but most studies have focused on the initial shear fracture which governs the loss of slab stability rather than the ultimate tensile fracture which releases the avalanche. The application of continuum fracture mechanics to snow—a porous material near the melting temperature—requires a homogenization scheme which accounts for the characteristic length scales associated with the diffuse nature of cracking in snow. An experimental campaign was conducted to measure the strength, fracture mechanical properties, and length scales in the tensile fracture of cohesive dry snow related to slab avalanches. Over 1000 natural snow samples were fractured in beam bending tests in a cold laboratory. Significant rate and size effects were observed in the experiments, though the loading rates were sufficiently high to justify an effective elastic analysis of the data. Using beam theory, the tensile strength was calculated from hundreds of unnotched bending tests and compared with over 2000 synthesized tensile strength measurements from the literature. From the results of three different types of fracture experiments, the fracture toughness and effective fracture process zone length were calculated using equivalent elastic fracture mechanics, which approximately accounts for the nonlinearity engendered by the distributed nature of microcracking in snow. A thin-blade penetration resistance gauge was developed which characterizes structural variations in cohesive snow. The maximum force of penetration was the best index variable for correlating with tensile strength and fracture toughness. A nonlocal damage mechanics model, implemented in a finite element code, was calibrated using the results of ten series of experiments, providing a foundation for future predictive modeling applications related to slab avalanches. The tensile strength and fracture toughness of cohesive snow are now well constrained as functions of the snow density, penetration resistance, grain size, strain rate and sample size. The tensile fracture process zone was determined to be about 10-20 times the grain size, a length scale which necessitates the use of nonlinear fracture mechanics in the analysis of all but the very largest slab avalanches.
Lower Bound of Concurrence and Distillation for Arbitrary Dimensional Bipartite Quantum States
Creators: name: Zhao, Ming-Jing
name: Zhu, Xue-Na
name: Fei, Shao-Ming
name: Li-Jost, Xianqing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a lower bound of concurrence for arbitrary dimensional bipartite quantum states. This lower bound may be used to improve all the known lower bounds of concurrence. Moreover, the lower bound gives rise to an operational sufficient criterion of distillability of quantum entanglement. The significance of our result is illustrated by quantitative evaluation of entanglement for entangled states that fail to be identified by the usual concurrence estimation method, and by showing the distillability of mixed states that can not be recognized by other distillability criteria.
description: 5 pages
Thermodynamic glass transition in a spin glass without time-reversal symmetry
Creators: name: Janus Collaboration
name: Baños, R. A.
name: Cruz, A.
name: Fernandez, L. A.
name: Gil-Narvion, J. M.
name: Gordillo-Guerrero, A.
name: Guidetti, M.
name: Iñiguez, D.
name: Maiorano, A.
name: Marinari, E.
name: Martin-Mayor, V.
name: Monforte-Garcia, J.
name: Sudupe, A. Muñoz
name: Navarro, D.
name: Parisi, G.
name: Perez-Gaviro, S.
name: Ruiz-Lorenzo, J. J.
name: Schifano, S. F.
name: Seoane, B.
name: Tarancon, A.
name: Tellez, P.
name: Tripiccione, R.
name: Yllanes, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin glasses are a longstanding model for the sluggish dynamics that appears at the glass transition. However, spin glasses differ from structural glasses for a crucial feature: they enjoy a time reversal symmetry. This symmetry can be broken by applying an external magnetic field, but embarrassingly little is known about the critical behaviour of a spin glass in a field. In this context, the space dimension is crucial. Simulations are easier to interpret in a large number of dimensions, but one must work below the upper critical dimension (i.e., in d<6) in order for results to have relevance for experiments. Here we show conclusive evidence for the presence of a phase transition in a four-dimensional spin glass in a field. Two ingredients were crucial for this achievement: massive numerical simulations were carried out on the Janus special-purpose computer, and a new and powerful finite-size scaling method.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Structure-activity relationships of diphenylpiperazine N-type calcium channel inhibitors
Creators: name: Pajouhesh, Hassan
name: Ding, Yanbing
name: Zhang, Lingyun
name: Pajouhesh, Hossein
name: Belardetti, Francesco
name: Simonson, Eric
name: Porreca, Frank
name: Mitscher, Lester A
name: Snutch, Terrance P
name: Feng, Zhong Ping
name: Morrison, Jerrie Lynn
name: Tringham, Elizabeth W.
name: Vanderah, Todd W.
name: Zamponi, Gerald W.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ltd.
Year: 2010

description: A novel series of compounds derived from the previously reported N-type calcium channel blocker NP118809 (1-(4-benzhydrylpiperazin-1-yl)-3,3-diphenylpropan-1-one) is described. Extensive SAR studies resulted in compounds with IC(50) values in the range of 10-150 nM and selectivity over the L-type channels up to nearly 1200-fold. Orally administered compounds 5 and 21 exhibited both anti-allodynic and anti-hyperalgesic activity in the spinal nerve ligation model of neuropathic pain.
A comparison of mixed logit and latent class models to estimate market segments for seafood faced with ocean acidification
Creators: name: Campos-Requena, Nelyda
name: Vásquez-Lavin, Felipe
name: Fernández, Francisco
name: Barrientos, Manuel
name: Gelcich, Stefan
name: Oliva, Roberto D. Ponce
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer

description: This study uses a choice experiment to characterize market segments (consumer preferences heterogeneity) based on three attributes of seafood (mussels) that are affected by ocean acidification: shell appearance, meat color, and nutritional composition. Using a sample of 1,257 individuals from two main cities in Chile, we estimate both the Mixed Logit model and the Latent Class model. We use the individual-specific posterior (ISP) parameters’ distribution to categorize consumers’ heterogeneity based on the signs and intensity (i.e., like or dislike dimension) of these ISPs. We compare the pattern of preferences and whether people are classified within the same preference pattern in both models. In general, we observed that the models identify a different number of segments with various patterns of preferences. Moreover, the models classify the same people into different groups. Since the segmentation is sensitive to the chosen model, we discuss strengths, inconsistencies, biases, and best practices regarding methodological approaches to establishing market segments in choice experiments and future ocean acidification conditions.
FEATURES OF INTENSIVE TREATMENT IN DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS
Creators: name: Z.X. Usmanov  Sh.N. Dadajonov  Z.N. Kuziev
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The goal of our work is to develop a complex, pathogenetically based intensive treatment for patients with diabetic ketoacidosis in a critical state. Today, the development of complex, intensive treatment procedures for patients with diabetes is an urgent problem. It should be noted that the use of potassium and succinate-sparing drugs is one of the optimized methods of treatment in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis. The intensive treatment procedures that we offer helped to eliminate the symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis in 95% of patients within 3 days.
D.3.4 Energy storage management and integration
Creators: name: Maruf, Md Nasimul Islam
name: Millet Biosca, Lluis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Executive Summary Energy system storages (ESS) can increase energy security by improving the self- sufficiency rate, providing uninterrupted power supply functionalities to maintain power supply in case of grid failures. Due to their fast response and high-power capabilities, batteries are among the best candidates to provide electrical power system stability. To properly select the substitution candidates for the planned aluminium-ion technologies, a list of the main criteria for choosing an ESS in the REACT project has been determined. Preliminarily we have selected six proven and state-of-the-art storage technologies: Lead-carbon battery, Li-ion (LTO) battery, Li-ion (NMC) battery, Vanadium Redox Flow battery, Sodium-ion battery, and Hydrogen storage. The benchmarking shows that Sodium-ion and Lithium-ion batteries (both LTO and NMC) are suitable substitutes for the planned aluminium-ion technologies. The report then discusses how control actions will be triggered and how they integrate into the REACT ICT system, and details of the implementation of control strategies using OpenMUC. The edge level of the REACT architecture is described in detail in block and sequence diagrams. For SMA and Victron devices, inverters and smart meters, the communication protocol is Modbus. The OpenMUC based battery controllers are presented along with their description, parameters, and channels. Finally, the battery controllers are tested and validated using a mock battery simulation. The data plotter of OpenMUC validates how a self-consumption optimisation controller can be implemented. The report also develops a simulation tool that enables a user to determine the optimum size of the battery storage system (BSS). The consumption data from the REACT pilot sites are pooled together and run through the simulation code to have a collective result to determine the right size for the BSS. The simulation structure allows for all the possible combinations of the prices, photovoltaic sizes and capacity, initial investments, maintenance costs, feed-in tariffs, and all data profiles to be compiled together to find the best possible battery storage system size. The simulation provided for this part of the study can further be developed into an application where an end-user can provide the input data such as consumption data, tariffs and costs, and photovoltaic size and capacity to find the optimum BSS size. Overall, the design, development, and implementation of the battery controllers, validation of the control strategies, and development of a novel tool to estimate the optimum battery size indicates the successful completion of Task 3.4 and paves the way for the relevant future tasks.
Editor’s Introduction
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Religion
subject: Spirituality
subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Theology

description: The mind of the nation has been firmly fixed on the economy for the last several years. The Great Recession, as the recent financial collapse has often been called, has determined much of the political and religious dialogue during this period. From anger, to anxiety, to tepid optimism, the United States and the world have been left wondering what can be done to recover economically, and perhaps more importantly, how to prevent such economic catastrophes from recurring in the future. To this end, the current issue of USQR begins with three pieces in close conversation, based loosely on a dialogue that occurred in 2011 between Joerg Rieger of the Perkins School of Theology, Gary Dorrien of Union Theological Seminary, and Kathryn Tanner of Yale Divinity School. Together, these three pieces form a response in a trajectory that seeks a proper Christian critique of and challenge to rampant capitalism driven to the point of inflicting destruction and suffering.
Humidity interaction of lichens under astrobiological aspects: the impact of UVC exposure on their water retention properties
Creators: name: Jänchen, Jochen
name: Meeßen, J.
name: Herzog, T. H.
name: Feist, M.
name: De La Torre, R.
name: DeVera, J.-P.P.
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: lichen
subject: Mars
subject: thermoanalysis
subject: UVC irradiation
subject: water sorption isotherms
subject: 520 Astronomie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
subject: 540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
subject: 523 Einzelne Himmelskörper und Himmelsphänomene

description: This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
description: We quantitatively studied the hydration and dehydration behaviour of the three astrobiological model lichens Xanthoria elegans, Buellia frigida and Circinaria gyrosa by thermoanalysis and gravimetric isotherm measurements under close-to-Martian environmental conditions in terms of low temperature and low pressure. Additionally, the impact of UVC exposure on the isolated symbionts of B. frigida and X. elegans was studied by thermoanalysis and mass spectrometry as well as by gravimetric isotherm measurements. The thermal analysis revealed whewellite as a component of C. gyrosa which was not found in B. frigida and X. elegans. Neither the water retention nor the thermal behaviour of symbionts changed when irradiated with UVC under dry conditions. On the other hand, UVC irradiation of the wet mycobiont of B. frigida had a distinct impact on the hydration/dehydration ability which was not observed for the mycobiont of X. elegans. Possibly the melanin of B. frigida's mycobiont, that is not present in X. elegans, or a specifically damaged acetamido group of the chitin of B. frigida may be the sources of additional UVC-induced sorption sites for water associated with the UVC exposure.
Securitization Theory and the Canadian Construction of Omar Khadr
Creators: name: Pirnie, Elizabeth Irene
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: securitization theory
subject: Security
subject: Discourse Analysis
subject: Omar Khadr
subject: national identity
subject: citizenship
subject: newspaper analysis
subject: post-9/11 Canada/US relations
subject: Canadian identity
subject: anti-Muslim racism
subject: Mass Communications
subject: Speech Communication
subject: History--Canadian
subject: Political Science--International Law and Relations
subject: Ethnic and Racial Studies
subject: Social Structure and Development
subject: Sociology--Theory and Methods

description: While the provision of security and protection to its citizens is one way in which sovereign states have historically claimed legitimacy (Nyers, 2004: 204), critical security analysts point to security at the level of the individual and how governance of a nation’s security underscores the state’s inherently paradoxical relationship to its citizens. Just as the state may signify the legal and institutional structures that delimit a certain territory and provide and enforce the obligations and prerogatives of citizenship, the state can equally serve to expel and suspend modes of legal protection and obligation for some (Butler and Spivak, 2007). This dissertation presents the case of Omar Khadr as a means of highlighting the discursive dynamics by which some threats - and some people - come to be understood under the rubric of ‘security’ and the significance of this naming as an act of national identity construction (Fierke, 2007: 103-104). Demonstrating the insights of new avenues of securitization theory research and the continued real-world relevance of the case, my research looks to the constitutive role of security discourses and constituent acquiescence in determining security realities within the context of a politically unsettled period in Canadian history: 2001 to 2005. The adoption of a securitization theory lens points to key social, historical and political discourses contributing to and challenging Omar Khadr’s nomination for ‘jettisonship’. It also leads me to find his expulsion from Canadian protections and belonging as an emergent phenomenon articulated through discourses of Canadian national identity imposed by both the Canadian state and an acquiescing citizenry. The tracing of these discourses, processes of threat construction and identity contestation present in relief an evolving security dynamic inherent to ideations of citizenship and what it means to be Canadian during a time of national and global insecurity.
Concurrent Assessment of Knee Cartilage Morphology and Bone Microarchitecture using Contrast-Enhanced HR-pQCT Imaging
Creators: name: Michalak, Geoffrey Jan
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: HR-pQCT
subject: Osteoarthritis
subject: Contrast Media
subject: Cartilage
subject: Bone
subject: CEHR-pQCT
subject: Medicine and Surgery
subject: Radiology
subject: Engineering--Biomedical

description: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent articular disease characterized by degradation of articular cartilage and bone. Presently, no single imaging modality concurrently captures these changes. This study sought to develop and validate a novel joint imaging technique, contrast enhanced high resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (CEHR-pQCT), to concurrently assess bone microarchitecture and cartilage morphology. Cadaveric knees were harvested (n=10) and scanned using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), HR-pQCT without contrast, and HR- pQCT following intra-articular injection of non-ionic contrast media. Joints were disarticulated, and the articular cartilage thickness measured by needle probe. Measures of cartilage morphology were found to be significantly different between MRI, needle probing and CEHR- pQCT. Bone microarchitecture was found to be significantly different in CEHR-pQCT, where cortical bone mineral density (BMD) was depressed, and trabecular BMD increased. This study contributes toward the advancement of whole joint imaging techniques, laying the foundation to perform in vivo scanning of knee cartilage and bone.
Editor’s Introduction
Creators: name: Wyman, Jason
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Religion
subject: Spirituality
subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Theology

description: This special issue of Union Seminary Quarterly Review has taken some time to put together, but it collates rich and varied works all reflecting on one topic explored at the Union Seminary Quarterly Review Conference at Union Theological Seminary for graduate students with the theme of "The Future of Liberation Theology." Originally conceived by Union Ph.D. candidates Jeremy Kirk and Makito Nagasawa, the conference sought to bring together the broadest possible number of perspectives on Liberation Theology and what is in store for the movement in the future as it has confronted challenges on many different fronts. Union is an especially fitting place for the topic, given how central to its mission Liberation Theology has been since it broke onto the scene. In the end, the accepted entries were put into five different broad categories depending on what aspects of the future of liberation theology they addressed: Praxis Reconsidered, Identity, Challenges from Postcolonialism and Posmodernity, and Envisioning the Future of Liberation Theology. Graduate students came from across the country and the world for passionate discussions in these areas. To conclude the day, all of the graduate students had the opportunity to receive critique and encouragement, and to engage the leading professionals working on contemporary Liberation Theology. These experts included Ivan Petrella, Andrea Smith, Eboni Marshall, and Patrick Cheng.
Chapel Reflections on the Start of the Iraq War
Creators: name: Morse, Christopher
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Religion
subject: Spirituality
subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Theology

description: This is an occasion, I am sure, that all of us have hoped would never come. With every effort to prevent a military invasion of Iraq now having failed, we find ourselves meeting with a full scale war underway and the misery that it brings. For those who will most bear the brunt of the misery there is, of course, no time for reality television or academic discussion such as this. For the people on the ground in Iraq, the Iraqi population and the men and women of the Allied forces ordered there into battle—whose average age is younger than that of most graduate students—the demands of this hour are more immediate and in many ways, no doubt, beyond our comprehension. We must mean more than a platitude to say, in the first instance, that our prayers are for all who at this moment are suffering and dying and directly threatened—and for those who are trying to end the carnage and to care for them.
Challenges to Authority: Understanding Critiques of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
Creators: name: Carr, Mary-Elena
name: Rubenstein, Madeleine
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Religion
subject: Spirituality
subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Theology

description: I. Climate Change and The Science-Policy Divide In response to a growing body of research pointing to human-induced warming of Earth’s climate, and in recognition of the potentially sweeping impacts of climate change for humanity, the world’s governments launched the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in 1988. The IPCC is a consultative body of volunteer scientists charged with periodically assessing the state of knowledge in the many areas of research relating to climate change, including both the physical and social sciences. Given the scope of these assessments, the IPCC has come to be viewed as the singular authority on climate change. The IPCC derives this authority from the credibility of its scientists, the comprehensive review that its assessments undergo, and the consensus that the assessments require from a broad range of participants, including governments and civil society organizations. The IPCC has been object of intense criticism since its creation, largely because of the considerable implications of climate change for public policy. The tension between the IPCC and its critics serve as a clear example of the uneasy relationship between science, the authority it aims to represent, and the rest of society.
Christianity, Capitalism, and Desire: Can Religion Still Make a Difference?
Creators: name: Rieger, Joerg
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Religion
subject: Spirituality
subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Theology

description: As we investigate matters of Christianity and capitalism in the current con- text, the fundamental theological question is: What difference does religion make in a world of traumatic economic inequality? Before we can get to that question, however, I first need to address another question: What difference does capitalism make to religion? This is the question that most people forget to ask, supporters and critics of capitalism alike. My point is that Christianity and capitalism are interconnected in many ways. Economic matters are never just about money. In fact, economic matters shape us more deeply than we think: they shape the way we live our lives, they shape our relationships, what we think and feel, all the way down. Religion and faith are also among the matters affected by economics. Christianity may serve as an example. The most blatant example of course is the so-called Gospel of Prosperity, which promises people unprecedented wealth and happiness if they support the precepts of the prosperity preacher. The Gospel of Prosperity resembles neoliberal capitalism in that it preaches limitless success endorsed by God, beginning with the elites and moving from the top down. While this approach works for the few, there is little evidence that it has worked for the many.
Correlated valence-bond states
Creators: name: Lin, Yu-Cheng
name: Tang, Ying
name: Lou, Jie
name: Sandvik, Anders W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study generalizations of the singlet-sector amplitude-product (AP) states in the valence-bond basis of S=1/2 quantum spin systems. In the standard AP states, the weight of a tiling of the system into valence bonds (singlets of two spins) is a product of amplitudes depending on the length of the bonds. We here introduce correlated AP (CAP) states, in which the amplitude product is further multiplied by factors depending on two bonds connected to a pair of sites (here nearest neighbors). While the standard AP states can describe a phase transition between an antiferromagnetic (Neel) state and a valence-bond solid (VBS) in one dimension (which we also study here), in two dimensions it cannot describe VBS order. With the CAP states, Neel-VBS transitions are realized as a function of some parameter describing the bond correlations. We here study such phase transitions of CAP wave-functions on the square lattice. We find examples of direct first-order Neel-VBS transitions, as well as cases where there is an extended U(1) spin liquid phase intervening between the Neel and VBS states. In the latter case the transitions are continuous and we extract critical exponents and address the issue of a possible emergent U(1) symmetry in the near-critical VBS. We also consider variationally optimized CAP states for the standard Heisenberg model in one and two dimensions and the J-Q model in two dimensions, with the latter including four-spin interactions (Q) in addition to the Heisenberg exchange (J) and harboring VBS order for large Q/J. The optimized CAP states lead to significantly lower variational energies than the simple AP states for these models.
description: 21 pages, 27 figures. v2: Expanded discussion of results
Evidence for Gamma-ray Jets in the Milky Way
Creators: name: Su, Meng
name: Finkbeiner, Douglas P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although accretion onto supermassive black holes in other galaxies is seen to produce powerful jets in X-ray and radio, no convincing detection has ever been made of a kpc-scale jet in the Milky Way. The recently discovered pair of 10 kpc tall gamma-ray bubbles in our Galaxy may be a sign of earlier jet activity from the central black hole. In this paper, we identify a gamma-ray cocoon feature in the southern bubble, a jet-like feature along the cocoon's axis of symmetry, and another directly opposite the Galactic center in the north. Both the cocoon and jet-like feature have a hard spectrum with spectral index ~ -2 from 1 to 100 GeV, with a cocoon luminosity of (5.5 +/- 0.45) x 10^35 erg/s and luminosity of the jet-like feature of (1.8 +/- 0.35) x 10^35 erg/s at 1 to 100 GeV. If confirmed, these jets are the first resolved gamma-ray jets ever seen.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures, accepted by ApJ
The markedness of coincidence in Russian
Creators: name: Melara, Emilia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Russian
tense
subjunctive
Infl
realis and irrealis moods

description: This paper presents a novel analysis of the Russian Infl domain. Specifically, it is argued in this paper that in Russian, the past tense, as opposed to the non-past, is the default, unmarked tense. Consequently, non-past in Russian is marked by the specification of a privative feature on T$^0$, which associates the event/state expressed by vP to some anchoring time. This analysis stems from observations of how subjunctive matrix and complement clauses are interpreted. The analysis captures how, unlike other languages with the subjunctive mood, Russian allows main independent clauses to appear in the subjunctive. It additionally furthers work on features and properties of the Infl domain, showing how languages use different features, from what appears to be a limited set, to express time and realis contrasts.
Using Flowband Modelling to Reconstruct Volume Change of Athabasca Glacier in the Canadian Rocky Mountains over the Last Millennium
Creators: name: Nath, Rituparna
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Flowband modelling
subject: climate change
subject: volume loss
subject: Athabasca Glacier
subject: Last millennium
subject: glaciology
subject: Geography
subject: Engineering--Environmental

description: Glaciers respond strongly to small climatic shifts, so records of historical glacier change can be used to reconstruct past climate. In turn, understanding glacier sensitivity to climate variability is important for regional water resource management and for projecting glacier response to ongoing climate change. We develop an enhanced flow-band model of glacier dynamics to simulate the past and future extent of glaciers in the Canadian Rocky Mountains, with the aim of coupling this model within larger scale regional climate models of glacier response to climate change. Longitudinal stress and valley shape factors are introduced to provide a more complete treatment of glacier dynamics. This presentation focuses on glacier volume reconstructions over the last millennium for Athabasca Glacier, Alberta, Canada, with a particular focus on glacier reconstructions in the Little Ice Age (LIA). Athabasca Glacier, located on the continental divide of the Canadian Rocky Mountains, is the second largest outlet of the Columbia Icefield. With the availability of SPOT 5 imagery, digital elevation models, and the ArcGIS Hydro tool, ice catchment properties, glacier width, and LIA moraines have been extracted using automated procedures. I model glacier thickness, volume, and mass change for different climate and glaciological parametrizations that give good reconstructions of LIA ice extent. Dated lateral and terminal moraines provide geological control on the LIA maximum glacier geometry. Mass balance modelling is based on observed temperature records from the region, along with the winter Pacific Decadal Oscillation index as a precipitation proxy. Reconstructions of glacier mass change inform estimates of meltwater runoff over the historical period, and model calibration from the LIA and 20th-century reconstructions will aid in future projections of the effects of climate change on glacier recession. Furthermore, the model developed will be effective for further future studies with ensembles of glaciers.
Range of outward migration and influence of the disc's mass on the migration of giant planet cores
Creators: name: Bitsch, Bertram
name: Kley, Willy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The migration of planets plays an important role in the early planet-formation process. An important problem has been that standard migration theories predict very rapid inward migration, which poses problems for population synthesis models. However, it has been shown recently that low-mass planets (20-30 Earth Masses) that are still embedded in the protoplanetary disc can migrate outwards under certain conditions. Simulations have been performed mostly for planets at given radii for a particular disc model. Here, we plan to extend previous work and consider different masses of the disc to quantify the influence of the physical disc conditions on planetary migration. We perform three-dimensional (3D) radiation hydrodynamical simulations of embedded planets in protoplanteary discs. For planets on circular orbits at various locations we measure the radial dependece of the torques. For all considered planet masses (20-30 Earth masses) in this study we find outward migration within a limited radial range of the disc, typically from about 0.5 up to 1.5-2.5 a_Jup. Inside and outside this intervall, migration is inward and given by the Lindblad value for large radii. Because outward migration stops at a certain location in the disc, there exists a zero-torque distance for planetary embryos, where they can continue to grow without moving too fast. For higher disc masses (M_disc > 0.02 M_Sol) convection ensues, which changes the structure of the disc and therefore the torque on the planet as well. Outward migration stops at different points in the disc for different planetary masses, resulting in a quite extended region where the formation of larger cores might be easier. In higher mass discs, convection changes the disc's structure resulting in fluctuations in the surface density, which influence the torque acting on the planet, and therefore its migration rate.
Triterpenoid saponins with hepatoprotective effects from the fresh leaves of Metapanax delavayi
Creators: name: Wei, Xin
name: Gao, Da-Fang
name: Abe, Yuko
name: Tanaka, Yoshihisa
name: Zhu, Hong-Tao
name: Wang, Dong
name: Yang, Chong-Ren
name: Zhang, Ying-Jun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: The fresh leaves of Metapanax delavayi (Araliaceae) have been used as a common wild vegetable for salad and soup, and also herbal tea by the local people living in its growing areas of Yunnan province, China. Detailed chemical investigation led to the identification of a new triterpenoid saponin, 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3β-hydroxyolean-12-ene-28,29-dioic acid (1) from the fresh leaves, together with 11 known compounds, including six triterpenoid saponins (2–7), two caffeoylquinic acid derivatives (8–9), and three flavonoid glycosides (10–12). Their structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analysis and acidic hydrolysis. Compounds 3–5 and 8–12 were isolated from M. delavayi for the first time. Moreover, the known saponins 3-O-β-D-xylopyranosyl-3β-hydroxyolean-12-ene-28,29-dioic acid (3) and yiyeliangwanoside IV (5) exhibited protective effects on HepG2 cells damaged by the alcohol intakes, at a concentration of 1.0 µg/mL. The results indicated M. delavayi is an ideal dietary vegetable and herbal tea with potential hepatoprotective activity.