cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The impact from survey depth and resolution on the morphological classification of galaxies
Creators: name: Pović, M.
name: Márquez, I.
name: Masegosa, J.
name: Perea, J.
name: del Olmo, A.
name: Simpson, C.
name: Aguerri, J. A. L.
name: Ascaso, B.
name: Jiménez-Teja, Y.
name: López-Sanjuan, C.
name: Molino, A.
name: Pérez-García, A. M.
name: Viironen, K.
name: Husillos, C.
name: Cristóbal-Hornillos, D.
name: Caldwell, C.
name: Benítez, N.
name: Alfaro, E.
name: Aparicio-Villegas, T.
name: Broadhurst, T.
name: Cabrera-Caño, J.
name: Castander, F. J.
name: Cepa, J.
name: Cerviño, M.
name: Fernández-Soto, A.
name: Delgado, R. M. González
name: Infante, L.
name: Martínez, V. J.
name: Moles, M.
name: Prada, F.
name: Quintana, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consistently analyse for the first time the impact of survey depth and spatial resolution on the most used morphological parameters for classifying galaxies through non-parametric methods: Abraham and Conselice-Bershady concentration indices, Gini, M20 moment of light, asymmetry, and smoothness. Three different non-local datasets are used, ALHAMBRA and SXDS (examples of deep ground-based surveys), and COSMOS (deep space-based survey). We used a sample of 3000 local, visually classified galaxies, measuring their morphological parameters at their real redshifts (z ~ 0). Then we simulated them to match the redshift and magnitude distributions of galaxies in the non-local surveys. The comparisons of the two sets allow to put constraints on the use of each parameter for morphological classification and evaluate the effectiveness of the commonly used morphological diagnostic diagrams. All analysed parameters suffer from biases related to spatial resolution and depth, the impact of the former being much stronger. When including asymmetry and smoothness in classification diagrams, the noise effects must be taken into account carefully, especially for ground-based surveys. M20 is significantly affected, changing both the shape and range of its distribution at all brightness levels.We suggest that diagnostic diagrams based on 2 - 3 parameters should be avoided when classifying galaxies in ground-based surveys, independently of their brightness; for COSMOS they should be avoided for galaxies fainter than F814 = 23.0. These results can be applied directly to surveys similar to ALHAMBRA, SXDS and COSMOS, and also can serve as an upper/lower limit for shallower/deeper ones.
description: accepted for publication in MNRAS; 25 pages, 19 figures, 5 tables
Finding implementation gaps of child protection strategic response for Syrian refugees based on changing needs and situation in Lebanon
Creators: name: Aftab, Maria
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Syria
refugees
Lebanon
children

description: Second semester University: Saint Joseph University, Beirut.
description: Syrian refugee crises have been observed as one of the worst form of man-made crises of the time and ever seen in history. Six years of war have turned the whole country in to ruins and its people as largest group of refugees of the time. Now half of the population of these displaced persons is children and youth. This 50% of refugee is future of not only Syria but also future that will contribute to the stability, peace and harmony of the region as well as of the world that has already proven the side effects of unstable region on another. Now as humanitarian concern, UNICEF along with other international organizations and donors has developed strategic plans at regional and global level in order to preserve the basic rights of these vulnerable young Syrian refugees in accordance with UNCRC. More than 5 Million Syrian Refugees have been registered in neighboring countries out of which 50% is children and youth. Lebanon is the second largest Syrian refugees host country in the region where the situation remains speculative. A country of 4.4 million inhabitants, is hosting around 1.5 million Syrian refugees (registered), 42 000 Palestinian refugees from Syria, 6 000 Iraqi refugees and nearly 450 000 refugees from Palestine. This makes it the highest per-capita concentration of refugees worldwide, where one person out of four is a refugee. On the other hand, Lebanon is still collecting pieces from a long run sectorial Civil and political wars across border. Broken infrastructure is clearly depicting the effects of civil war. Economy has shattered. Unemployment among youth has increased. Since 2001, there is huge influx of refugees which Lebanese authorities were not prepared for. Poverty level among majority of Lebanese is worse than Syrian and other refugees in Lebanon. Due to historical situations and presence of different sectorial groups , there are multiple hurdles to humanitarian response and its complicating the situation in a way that almost 80% of children are out of school with an increasing rate of drop outs and on the other side harmful child labor, child prostitution, recruitment of young soldiers are dangerously increasing . This research paper re-evaluates the situation according to the changing context and need of the response. There is need to develop a more holistic, innovative, and sustainable solution that brings rapid solution to the current situation along with preventive approaches to fight the risks of the future. An integrated Child protection response will be a more comprehensive approach but in order to more specifically address the issue of stable and developed future , there is need of collective multiple peace keeping strategic responses to avoid the security concerns and maintain stable harmonized society , in result an assurance to a better stable future of child.
Reconceiving statelessness : an analysis of potential solutions to realise the right to a legal identity in Europe
Creators: name: Kreuzer, Kristina
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: statelessness
European Union
right to a nationality
refugee status
migrants
international law
national law

description: Second semester University: University College Dublin - National University of Ireland, Dublin
description: Stateless people face daily challenges in their life: Due to the national vs. non-national dichotomy the access to many human rights, e.g. education, health care, freedom of movement or the right to vote, is denied without holding a nationality. They are not recognised as a member by any state and subsequently live excluded at the edge of societies. As nationality conferral touches upon the highly sensitive matter of state discretion, the current international efforts to end statelessness by means of a merely legal ‘one size fits all’ approach might be off target. In addition, the conventional thin notion of de jure statelessness disregards the complexity of statelessness and the need to adequately address all its varying dimensions, including de facto statelessness. Hence, this present thesis analyses potential solutions to protect the rights of stateless people in Europe beyond the dilemma of reduction. Given the recent refugee crisis the thesis particularly considers statelessness in migratory context. Examining approaches from five different perspectives - Human Rights, Humanitarian Action, Sustainable Development, Technology and Praxis at domestic levels – this thesis argues for a new understanding of statelessness and a paradigm shift that supersedes the necessity of nationality by realising in lieu the right to a legal identity.
Autism likelihood in infants born to mothers with asthma is associated with blood inflammatory gene biomarkers in pregnancy
Creators: name: Murphy, VE
name: Whalen, OM
name: Williams, EJ
name: Gibson, PG
name: Campbell, LE
name: Karayanidis, F
name: Mallise, CA
name: Woolard, A
name: Robijn, AL
name: Mattes, J
name: Collison, AM
name: Lane, Alison
name: Baines, KJ
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 32
subject: Biomedical and clinical sciences
classificationCode: 3215
subject: Reproductive medicine
classificationCode: 3202
subject: Clinical sciences
classificationCode: 3204
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Mothers with asthma or atopy have a higher likelihood of having autistic children, with maternal immune activation in pregnancy implicated as a mechanism. This study aimed to determine, in a prospective cohort of mothers with asthma and their infants, whether inflammatory gene expression in pregnancy is associated with likelihood of future autism. Mothers with asthma were recruited to the Breathing for Life Trial. RNA was extracted from blood samples collected at mid-pregnancy. 300 ng total RNA was hybridized with the nCounter Human Inflammation gene expression panel (Nanostring Technologies, 249 inflammation-related genes). Parents completed the First Year Inventory (FYI) at 12-month follow-up, which assessed an infant's likelihood for autism across 2 behavioural domains: social communication and sensory regulation. A total score ≥19.2 indicated increased likelihood for future autism. Inflammatory gene expression was profiled from 24 mothers: four infants scored in the high autism likelihood range; 20 scored in the low autism likelihood range. Six inflammatory genes were differentially expressed and significantly up-regulated in the high autism likelihood group: CYSLTR2, NOX1, C1QA, CXCL10, C8A, IL23R. mRNA count significantly correlated with social communication FYI score for CYSLTR2 (Pearson r = 0.46, p = 0.024) and CXCL10 (r = 0.43, p = 0.036) and with sensory regulation score for ALOX5 (r = −0.43, p = 0.038) and MAFK (r = −0.46, p = 0.022). In this proof-of-concept study, inflammatory gene expression during pregnancy in mothers with asthma was associated with an infant's likelihood of future autism as well as scores relating to social communication and sensory regulation.
A culture of peace in schools : the contribution of conflict resolution education
Creators: name: Schiffer, Miriam
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2012
Subjects: conflict resolution
education
peace

description: Second semester University: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
description: This thesis outlines the concept of a Culture of Peace and the importance of working towards the development of such a culture in order to obtain sustainable peace on a global scale. Peace education plays a crucial role in the achievement of a long-lasting peaceful culture. The younger generation, in particular, who represent the future society, are an essential target group for peace education. To be able to contribute to a Culture of Peace in the future, children should not only receive peace and non-violence education, but also be given the opportunity to grow up and learn in a peaceful environment and thus be able to develop to their full potential. To achieve a Culture of Peace in schools, conflict resolution education (CRE), as a fundamental part of peace education, has to be practised. Through CRE students are given the opportunity to learn how to solve their conflicts with classmates non-violently and self-dependently. Today peace researchers and peace education experts have recognized the importance of CRE and therefore a great deal of educational material is available for teachers. Education guidelines primarily outline how to teach the two conflict resolution methods of negotiation and peer-mediation. Furthermore, this thesis contains an analysis of interviews on the subject of CRE conducted with staff of schools situated in Thessaloniki, Greece. Findings show that teachers are able to achieve positive outcomes through CRE, although education and implementation is not always in accordance with existing literature and further improvement in teachers’ knowledge is required.
Newtonized Orthogonal Matching Pursuit: Frequency Estimation over the Continuum
Creators: name: Mamandipoor, Babak
name: Ramasamy, Dinesh
name: Madhow, Upamanyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a fast sequential algorithm for the fundamental problem of estimating frequencies and amplitudes of a noisy mixture of sinusoids. The algorithm is a natural generalization of Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP) to the continuum using Newton refinements, and hence is termed Newtonized OMP (NOMP). Each iteration consists of two phases: detection of a new sinusoid, and sequential Newton refinements of the parameters of already detected sinusoids. The refinements play a critical role in two ways: (1) sidestepping the potential basis mismatch from discretizing a continuous parameter space, (2) providing feedback for locally refining parameters estimated in previous iterations. We characterize convergence, and provide a Constant False Alarm Rate (CFAR) based termination criterion. By benchmarking against the Cramer Rao Bound, we show that NOMP achieves near-optimal performance under a variety of conditions. We compare the performance of NOMP with classical algorithms such as MUSIC and more recent Atomic norm Soft Thresholding (AST) and Lasso algorithms, both in terms of frequency estimation accuracy and run time.
description: Submitted to IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing (TSP)
An Unknowable Ideal: Objectivism as a New Religious Movement and the Subsequent Institutionalization of Ayn Rand’s Ideas in American Politics
Creators: name: Gunabalan, Amrithaa M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Thirty-five years after her death, Ayn Rand is hailed by conservatives as a great defender of capitalism and liberty. Prominent Republicans including Paul Ryan, Ron Paul, and Alan Greenspan credit Rand for inspiring their political careers. The radical conservative Tea Party movement used “Who is John Galt?” a famous quote from Rand’s Atlas Shrugged (1957), as a rallying cry against the new Obama administration. Every day, news reports about the Trump Administration feature “Ayn Rand” or “Atlas Shrugged” in their headlines.
Objectivism, Ayn Rand’s philosophy, is deeply atheist, rejects altruism, and denounces American politics. Rand called conservatives corrupt collectivists with “no goal, no direction, no political principles, no social ideals, no intellectual values, [and] no leadership to offer anyone.” How did a woman who made these radical claims become a contemporary conservative messiah?
Rand wrote her novels and philosophy in the 1950s and 1960s, a turbulent time for the United States, especially for American youth. Millennials were in search of spiritual solutions to reconcile social injustices, new technologies, and the government’s changing role. New religious movements (NRMs) that emphasize individualism, gender equality, and scientific reconciliation became popular among the youth of the counterculture generation.
By treating Objectivism as a new religious movement and applying Weber’s theory of charismatic authority, it is evident that the Objectivist movement failed to routinize and institutionalize. Consequently, various aspects of contemporary society are able to claim Objectivists ideas without the weight of Ayn Rand’s radicalism.
The right to health for children in street situations : reality or mere illusion?
Creators: name: Ahlgren, Madeleine
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016
Subjects: right to health
street children
Uganda

description: Second semester University: Maastricht University.
description: This thesis examines the international and the Ugandan legal frameworks regarding the right to health for children in street situations, with a specific focus on access to primary health care. It also examines what impact these frameworks have for children in street situations in Mbarara, Uganda. The thesis combines and complements classic legal research with empirical research, providing an original approach to the topic. The thesis argues that the respective compliance mechanisms of the international instruments examined should adopt General Comments on how state parties are to implement its obligations with regard to children in street situations in order to protect them in a sufficient and effective way. The examined practice shows that the compliance mechanisms either fail to address the situation of these children, or that it is addressed in an incoherent or inconsistent manner. The right to health is not explicitly incorporated in the Ugandan constitution, neither are there any other legislative acts that reflect its elements. Rather, it is merely addressed through political objectives and policies. Interviews with some of the right holders themselves show that the right to health for children in street situations in Mbarara mainly is an illusion. Some children have or had access to primary health care, but it has often been due to a parent, a compassionate stranger or luck – and not due to an efficient government plan or policy that originates from national legislation and international human rights law.
Stereoscopic Cinema
Creators: name: Devernay, Frédéric
name: Beardsley, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Stereoscopic cinema has seen a surge of activity in recent years, and for the first time all of the major Hollywood studios released 3-D movies in 2009. This is happening alongside the adoption of 3-D technology for sports broadcasting, and the arrival of 3-D TVs for the home. Two previous attempts to introduce 3-D cinema in the 1950s and the 1980s failed because the contemporary technology was immature and resulted in viewer discomfort. But current technologies -- such as accurately-adjustable 3-D camera rigs with onboard computers to automatically inform a camera operator of inappropriate stereoscopic shots, digital processing for post-shooting rectification of the 3-D imagery, digital projectors for accurate positioning of the two stereo projections on the cinema screen, and polarized silver screens to reduce cross-talk between the viewers left- and right-eyes -- mean that the viewer experience is at a much higher level of quality than in the past. Even so, creation of stereoscopic cinema is an open, active research area, and there are many challenges from acquisition to post-production to automatic adaptation for different-sized display. This chapter describes the current state-of-the-art in stereoscopic cinema, and directions of future work.
description: Published as Ronfard, R\'emi and Taubin, Gabriel. Image and Geometry Processing for 3-D Cinematography, 5, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp.11-51, 2010, Geometry and Computing, 978-3-642-12392-4
MultiLineStringNet: a deep neural network for linear feature set recognition
Creators: name: Li, Pengbo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 401301
subject: Cartography and digital mapping
classificationCode: 401302
subject: Geospatial information systems and geospatial data modelling
classificationCode: 460308
subject: Pattern recognition

description: The data and code that support the findings of the paper entitled "MultiLineStringNet: a deep neural network for linear feature set recognition". https://doi.org/10.1080/15230406.2023.2264756
The European Union as a normative power? : an analysis of the role of the European Union in the Southern Mediterranean
Creators: name: Timmerman, Anika P. M.
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2012
Subjects: democracy
Arab countries
Mediterranean countries
human rights
international politics
European Union

description: Second semester University: University of Hamburg
description: In the academic world there is a lot of discussion about the distinctiveness of the European Union as an actor in global politics. A large debate has emerged especially about the role of the EU as a normative power promoting democracy and human rights. In this research the role of the EU with regard to the Southern Mediterranean will be discussed. Role theory will be used for this goal. This means that three aspects of the role of an actor will be explained: (1) the internal role conceptions, (2) the external role prescriptions and (3) the role performance of the actor in practice. This will be done by looking at the policies of the EU towards the Southern Mediterranean from 1995 until now. In 2011 the Arab Uprisings took place in the region. In a response to this, the EU reviewed its approach towards the region. What does this mean for the role of the EU in the region? Key Words: EU - Role Theory - Normative Power - Southern Mediterranean Neighbourhood – Arab Spring
title: Uncovering the transmembrane protein 43 life cycle to provide insight into arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy
Creators: name: Sadighian, Hooman
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2021

description: Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is an inherited heart failure featuring sudden cardiac death. ARVC type 5 is caused by an autosomal dominant mutation in the transmembrane protein 43 (TMEM43) gene (c.1073C>T, p.S358L) widespread throughout the Newfoundland population. Although this mutation is known to cause ARVC type 5, very little is known about the wild type TMEM43 protein. In order to shed light on the basic functions of TMEM43, we used CRISPR-Cas9 to genetically ablate TMEM43 in AD293 reference cells as well as human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Cycloheximide pulse-chase experiments demonstrate that wild type TMEM43 has a relatively long half-life of more than 8 hours. Interestingly, while TMEM43 was localized to the nuclear envelope of AD293 cells, it was distributed primarily in large punctae throughout the cytoplasm of human iPSCs. Furthermore, TMEM43 may be more highly expressed in male (XY) iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes compared to female (XX) cells which could shed light on the sex differences observed in ARVC disease severity. These findings highlight some of the most basic features of the TMEM43 protein while future studies using the TMEM43 knockout cells may shed light on how TMEM43 genetic mutation causes ARVC in Newfoundland.
The Next Ghost
Creators: name: Purvis, April
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Table of Contents: The Queen of Maledictions; I. “Let’s Not Pretend”: Let’s Not Pretend; Growing Up; Matriarch; An Application for Sainthood; What Makes Me Feel Guilty; Dip Spit; Pretending; II. “How to Survive”: How to Survive; The Time of Our Lives; ADHD; Radiation; Acid; Lucidity; III. “Another One Bites the Dust…”: Toxicity; They Say Wait; Sleeping With the Enemy; Reclamation; Sodom and Gomorrah; Perpetuate; Eskimo Brothers; Commodity Fetishism; Wilmington; Subordination; Depletion; I’ve Tried to Write 1,000 Poems; Phantom Pains; Toxicity
Traditions of facet theory, or a garden of forking paths?
Creators: name: La Barre, Kathryn
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: faceted classification
subject: facet theory
subject: facet analysis
subject: https://iskouk.org/subjects/BPEVJUGL
subject: https://iskouk.org/subjects/3LYHQWO2

description: This socio-historical inquiry contrasts historical and contemporary facet theory. While examining vagaries in terminology for key concepts such as facet, facet analysis, and facet theory, as used by different researchers and different schools of thought, the author concludes with a call for the creation of operational definitions and functional requirements to enhance, amplify or extendT current practices.
Ecocide : addressing the large-scale impairment of the environment and human rights
Creators: name: Curcio Lamas, Andrea
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: environment
environmental degradation
human rights
human rights violations
international criminal law

description: Second semester University: Ca' Foscari University of Venice
description: The current rate of environmental damage taking place across the world is putting at risk life on our planet. The use of destructive weapons and dangerous extractive industries are leading to massive environmental destruction, as well as violations of human rights. The large-scale impairment of the environment and human rights has even received its own name: ecocide. As a possible way of offering more protection to the environment and human beings, the focal point of this thesis is to analyse to what extent is it necessary and feasible to establish ecocide as an international crime. While ecocide has not yet been legally recognised by the international community, what is being increasingly acknowledged is the indivisibility of human rights and environmental protection. Unfortunately, however, the current protection provided to human rights and the environment is too weak to prevent, stop and redress cases of ecocide. A feasible proposal to enhance such protection is the establishment of ecocide as an international crime under the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court. Doing so would elevate the gravity of ecocide, acting as a powerful deterrent. The world should not wait to witness another massive environmental catastrophe to establish ecocide as an international crime.
A New Approach to Computation
Creators: name: Basu, Nirmalya
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: I have proposed here a new scheme of representing and storing information which is supposed to reduce the measure of space required to store information of a certain amount from the value (of measure of space) required to store the same information by means of the binary system of representation of information (the system of representation of information in which every piece of information is represented by an appropriate sequence of two symbols, such as, ‘True’ and ‘False’, ‘High’ and ‘Low’ etc.).
A Bayesian estimation of the helioseismic solar age
Creators: name: Bonanno, Alfio
name: Fröhlich, Hans-Erich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The helioseismic determination of the solar age has been a subject of several studies because it provides us with an independent estimation of the age of the solar system. We present the Bayesian estimates of the helioseismic age of the Sun, which are determined by means of calibrated solar models that employ different equations of state and nuclear reaction rates. We use 17 frequency separation ratios $r_{02}(n)=(ν_{n,l=0}-ν_{n-1,l=2})/(ν_{n,l=1}-ν_{n-1,l=1})$ from 8640 days of low-$\ell$ BiSON frequencies and consider three likelihood functions that depend on the handling of the errors of these $r_{02}(n)$ ratios. Moreover, we employ the 2010 CODATA recommended values for Newton's constant, solar mass, and radius to calibrate a large grid of solar models spanning a conceivable range of solar ages. It is shown that the most constrained posterior distribution of the solar age for models employing Irwin EOS with NACRE reaction rates leads to $t_\odot = 4.587 \pm 0.007$ Gyr, while models employing the Irwin EOS and Adelberger, et al., Reviews of Modern Physics, 83, 195 (2011) reaction rate have $t_\odot = 4.569 \pm 0.006 $ Gyr. Implementing OPAL EOS in the solar models results in reduced evidence ratios (Bayes factors) and leads to an age that is not consistent with the meteoritic dating of the solar system. An estimate of the solar age that relies on an helioseismic age indicator such as $r_{02}(n)$ turns out to be essentially independent of the type of likelihood function. However, with respect to model selection, abandoning any information concerning the errors of the $r_{02}(n)$ ratios leads to inconclusive results, and this stresses the importance of evaluating the trustworthiness of error estimates.
description: 4 pages, three Tables, A&A to appear
Women in Aviation: An Interview-Based Analysis of Female Aviators' Entrances Into the Industry
Creators: name: Bruce, Molly
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Since their permitted entrance into the airline industry in 1974, women have remained a very
small portion of the commercial aviator workforce. In fact, women are just seven percent of
pilots worldwide and just over three percent of U.S. commercial aviators. However, despite this
gender divide in a U.S. industry with a reputation for rewarding high-skill performance with
high-wage compensation, nearly no literature exists on the topic of women in the aviation
sector of the airline industry. In focusing on female captains that have successfully navigated
the field, this thesis examines what structural and personal features enabled a sub set of female
aviators to persist in a male-dominated industry. In order to undergo this examination, this
research calls upon eight interviews with successful female aviators at the major commercial
airliner level, pairing it with a literature review on airline deregulation and the feminization of
work. This thesis finds that structurally and institutionally, the equitable airline standards
applied to both men and women discourages the equal entrance of both genders. On a
personal level, the broad themes of support structures, family decisions, financial decisions and
opportunity played central roles in each woman’s progress through the field. Further research
might incorporate a larger group of women, a group of women at a range of stages in their
careers, women who decided not to continue in their initial pursuit of aviation, or men who
worked in the industry at the time that women were first admitted to commercial aviation.
Security through discrimination? : addressing the risk of discriminatory ethnic profiling in Europe's fight against irregular migration
Creators: name: Roob, Lisa Charlotte
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2015
Subjects: ethnic discrimination
irregular migrations
minority groups
Europe

description: Second semester University: New University of Lisbon.
description: The over-policing of minority groups in the scope of migration control is often downplayed as inevitable side effect of necessary law enforcement, rather than addressing it as a problem of racial discrimination. As such justifications result in an unwillingness to address these problems, this paper analyses the legality, legitimacy and risk of ´discriminatory ethnic profiling´ in the scope of proactive law enforcement powers aiming at detecting irregular migrants within Europe. Such practices can amount to unjustifiable direct racial discrimination, and the analysis of the use of stop-and-search powers in three countries shows, that discriminatory ethnic profiling is widely used, but not even effective. As the over-policing of minorities indicates an impact of underlying legislation, a general proportionality test of migration law enforcement powers risking such profiling finds that they are disproportional and little doubt is left that the discriminatory effect is inherent to the norm, and not just a question of misuse. Despite the need to revise such policies, already basic safeguards are lacking. Moreover, the analysis of Joint European Police Operations shows, that States and the EU regardless the risk increasingly coordinate and formalise such methods, including electronic profiling technics, in an in-transparent way which lacks democratic scrutiny.
Universal three-body recombination and Efimov resonances in an ultracold Li-Cs mixture
Creators: name: Ulmanis, J.
name: Häfner, S.
name: Pires, R.
name: Werner, F.
name: Petrov, D. S.
name: Kuhnle, E. D.
name: Weidemüller, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study Efimov resonances via three-body loss in an ultracold two-component gas of fermionic $^6$Li and bosonic $^{133}$Cs atoms close to a Feshbach resonance at 843~G, extending results reported previously [Pires \textit{et al.}, Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 250404 (2014)] to temperatures around 120~nK. The experimental scheme for reaching lower temperatures is based upon compensating the gravity-induced spatial separation of the mass-imbalanced gases with bichromatic optical dipole traps. We observe the first and second excited Li-Cs-Cs Efimov resonance in the magnetic field dependence of the three-body event rate constant, in good agreement with the universal zero-range theory at finite temperature [Petrov and Werner, Phys. Rev. A 92, 022704 (2015)]. Deviations are found for the Efimov ground state, and the inelasticity parameter $η$ is found to be significantly larger than those for single-species systems.
Public space as a social conflict : regional and international approach of the Argentine case
Creators: name: Dominguez, Cristiana Maria
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Inter-American System of Human Rights
protest
Argentina
Europe
Peru
United States of America
social participation

description: Second semester University: Universite de Strasbourg.
description: Argentina leads the ranking of its region, occupying the first position in terms of citizen participation in social protests. Accordingly, public space proves to be a daily point of conflict. On the one side, stand those who exercise the rights to freedom of expression, to freedom of assembly and to petition the authorities; in short, the right to protest. On the other side, stand those whose freedom is affected as their circulation is obstructed by the blocking of roads, bridges, avenues and accesses. Beginning with a historical-quantitive analysis, this investigation will continue with a reflection of the related regulations, the academic reception and the case law activity at a national scale. On a different level of analysis, it will portray a regional, European and universal approach on the subject. The issue of the protests is approached from both its peaceful and violent aspects, from the point of view of tolerance and illegality, without ever losing sight of the role of the State. This investigation is an attempt to reconcile international concepts and standards in order to reach a fair balance of interests.
Properties of massive stars in four clusters of the VVV survey
Creators: name: Hervé, A.
name: Martins, F.
name: Chené, A. -N.
name: Bouret, J. -C.
name: Borissova, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of massive stars is only partly understood. Observational constraints can be obtained from the study of massive stars located in young massive clusters. The ESO Public Survey VISTA Variables in the Via Lactea (VVV) discovered several new clusters hosting massive stars. We present an analysis of massive stars in four of these new clusters. Our aim is to provide constraints on stellar evolution and to better understand the relation between different types of massive stars. We use the radiative transfer code CMFGEN to analyse K-band spectra of twelve stars with spectral types ranging from O and B to WN and WC. We derive the stellar parameters of all targets as well as surface abundances for a subset of them. In the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram, the Wolf-Rayet stars are more luminous or hotter than the O stars. From the log(C/N) - log(C/He) diagram, we show quantitatively that WN stars are more chemically evolved than O stars, WC stars being more evolved than WN stars. Mass loss rates among Wolf-Rayet stars are a factor of 10 larger than for O stars, in agreement with previous findings.
description: paper accepted in New Astronomy
Subsistence? A critical analysis of the EU protection of indigenous peoples’ rights through the case of the EU seal regime
Creators: name: Rasmussen, Marie Yvonne
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: indigenous peoples
European Union
Arctic regions

description: Second semester University: Université de Montpellier
description: The EU’s protection of indigenous peoples’ rights is investigated through the case of the EU Seal Regime. In 1983 and subsequently in 2009, 2010 and 2915, the EU adopted a limitation in the trade in seal products. Although an Inuit Exemption was always included as a protection to the Inuit market, the EU Seal Regime is criticized for violating indigenous peoples’ rights. The EU seal legislation, the development of its scope and its praise and criticism is reviewed. The possible interpretations of the wording of the Inuit Exemption particularly the meaning of subsistence and the consequences for the level of protection provided is discussed. The vagueness of the formulation opens to interpretations reflecting a cultural misunderstanding and the Exemption – de facto if not directly – fails to protect the subsistence of Inuit and Inuit culture. No EU policies specifically relate to the protection of indigenous peoples living in relation to the EU. One way forward is a fair information campaign by the EU Commission on Inuit, Inuit realities and the Inuit Exemption. The EU’s protection of indigenous peoples’ rights is discussed in light of the concepts of universality and relativism. The EU should take care not to lose its otherwise good reputation as a protector of indigenous peoples’ rights.
Exposé
Creators: name: Krishna, Anand
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: Exposé explaining theory, hypotheses and proposed methods Some minor deviations from the exposés protocol can be seen in the main experiment files. Specifically: We adjusted the extra reward criterion in the mouse game after implementing the task to tweak the difficulty (Prevention: 60% fast enough/80% correct target; Promotion: 80% fast enough/60% correct target). Products included only consumables, not deodorant or anything like that.
Transit timing variations for planets near eccentricity-type mean motion resonances
Creators: name: Deck, Katherine M.
name: Agol, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the transit timing variations (TTVs) of two planets near a second order mean motion resonance on nearly circular orbits. We show that the TTVs of each planet are given by sinusoids with a frequency of $j n_2-(j-2)n_1$, where $j \ge 3$ is an integer characterizing the resonance and $n_2$ and $n_1$ are the mean motions of the outer and inner planets, respectively. The amplitude of the TTV depends on the mass of the perturbing planet, relative to the mass of the star, and on both the eccentricities and longitudes of pericenter of each planet. The TTVs of the two planets are approximated anti-correlated, with phases of $ϕ$ and $\approx ϕ+π$, where the phase $ϕ$ also depends on the eccentricities and longitudes of pericenter. Therefore, the TTVs caused by proximity to a second order mean motion resonance do not in general uniquely determine both planet masses, eccentricities, and pericenters. This is completely analogous to the case of TTVs induced by two planets near a first order mean motion resonance. We explore how other TTV signals, such as the short-period synodic TTV or a first order resonant TTV, in combination with the second order resonant TTV, can break degeneracies. Lastly, we derive approximate formulae for the TTVs of planets near any order eccentricity-type mean motion resonance; this shows that the same basic sinusoidal TTV structure holds for all eccentricity-type resonances. Our general formula reduces to previously derived results near first order mean motion resonances.
description: revised to be consistent with the accepted version (pre- journal editing proof stage)
Structural and Functional Effects of KRas  Monoubiquitination at Lysine 104
Creators: name: Zhang, Jerry
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: K-Ras, a member of the Ras superfamily GTPases, plays a key role in regulating cellular growth, and single point mutations in this protein that promote chronic activation are found in approximately 30% of human cancers.1 Recent findings have suggested that post translational modifications such as monoubiquitination of KRas can alter its intrinsic activity.2 This project invstigated the effects of mUbRas104, the minor site of native in vivo modification, in the context of its impact on protein structure and activity relative to that of WT KRas and mUbRas147.  The structural changes of mUbRas104 were characterized using NMR techniques and Rosetta modeling, and the protein’s activity was characterized through various biochemical assays. From the NMR data, chemical shift perturbations, broadening, and changes in secondary structure were observed throughout the protein.  Perturbations in the switch regions are consistent with a slightly disturbed binding affinity to downstream effector proteins, but are more localized in switch II and helix 3, contrary to the predominant switch I perturbations found in mUbRas147.  These findings suggest that mUbRas104, as a minor site of monoubiquitination, does not cause the same magnitude of functional disturbances as does mUbRas147. From these experiments, a protocol was also developed to irreversibly ligate the ubiquitin molecule, and this protocol can now allow this system to be studied in vivo for future work.
Applying rights based approach (RBA) to development within the EU development cooperation : reality or rhetoric? A case study of Nepal
Creators: name: Bhandari, Shiva Datta
Publisher: name: Global Campus
Year: 2017
Subjects: European Union
development
development aid policy
human rights
Nepal

description: Ensuring full respect of human rights is one of the key features of the EU development cooperation. It is expressed either as a targeted human rights programme/project or as a cross cutting aspect of the development cooperation. In 2012 the EU adopted Rights-Based Approach to Development (RBAD) that all institutions including the EU Delegations are obliged to apply in each process of the development cooperation. As there has not been any review done by the EU, this paper assesses the EU policies, approaches and institutional readiness for the RBAD application from two aspects. First, the political rationale of the RBAD in development cooperation and their reflection in binding EU documents; and second, application of those binding provisions and the underlying challenges in terms of their full application. More specifically, the paper focuses on the RBAD as a new approach to the EU Development Cooperation and the situation or the potentiality of their application within the EU Delegations. The EU Toolbox developed in April 2014 (Commission staff working document, which aims at integrating human rights principles into EU operational activities for development) is referred to in detail to assess the full application of the RBAD in EU development cooperation. The political preference of this fairly new approach of the EU development policy expects a synchronisation of the human rights principles and norms in all development cooperation activities both at the HQs and in the field. However, this paper concludes that the application of the RBAD is not yet the case in each process of the EU development cooperation, which is largely due to the intra-institutional and external challenges. This paper briefly presents the major challenges identified and the potential measures required for full application of the RBAD principles within EU development cooperation.
Water Adsorption at Hydrophobic Interfaces Revealed by NMR
Creators: name: Raghavan, Arjun
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Understanding the complex effects of hydrophobic interfaces is of central importance in analyzing numerous interactions in nature. Using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques, water adsorption at hydrophobic interfaces is studied. The nucleus independent chemical shift (NICS) effect, caused by diamagnetic ring currents on the hydrophobic carbon surface, provides a sensitive measure of distance from interfaces. In porous activated carbon, it is found that during water adsorption, one NMR spectrum peak stays constant as the water loading level is increased, while the other peak shifts consistently. Hence, using NICS NMR and supplementary tests, it is concluded that in activated carbon, water adsorption occurs through the two simultaneous processes of clustering on surface sites and cooperative bridging across pores. In sum, NMR techniques are utilized to analyze the dynamics of adsorption at hydrophobic interfaces on the nanoscale, allowing for the exploration of a region which is otherwise difficult to study by conventional experiments. The applications of these methods are many, ranging from the study of general anesthetics to the improvement of energy conversion processes.
PROphylaxis for paTiEnts at risk of COVID-19 infecTion (PROTECT-V).
Creators: name: Humphrey, Toby JL
name: Dosanjh, Davinder
name: Hiemstra, Thomas F
name: Richter, Alex
name: Chen-Xu, Michael
name: Qian, Wendi
name: Jha, Vivekanand
name: Gatley, Katrina
name: Adhikari, Rakshya
name: Dowling, Francis
name: Smith, Rona M
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: COVID-19
Ciclesonide
Niclosamide
Platform
Prophylaxis
SARS-CoV-2
Sotrovimab
Trial
Humans

description: Acknowledgements: The authors would like to thank the staff at UNION Therapeutics for their review of the niclosamide arm of the protocol, and ongoing engagement throughout the study, and to the staff at GlaxoSmithKline Plc and Vir Biotechnology Inc. for their review of the sotrovimab arm of the protocol, and ongoing engagement throughout the study.
description: Funder: LifeArc; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100012357
description: Funder: Kidney Research UK
description: Funder: Addenbrooke's Charitable Trust, Cambridge University Hospitals; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002927
description: Funder: Union Therapeutics
description: Funder: GlaxoSmithKline; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100004330
description: BACKGROUND: Despite the introduction of vaccination, there remains a need for pre-exposure prophylactic agents against SARS-CoV-2. Several patient groups are more vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infection by virtue of underlying health conditions, treatments received or suboptimal responses to vaccination. METHODS: PROTECT-V is a platform trial testing pre-exposure prophylactic interventions against SARS-CoV-2 infection in vulnerable patient populations (organ transplant recipients; individuals with oncological/haematological diagnoses, immune deficiency or autoimmune diseases requiring immunosuppression or on dialysis). Multiple agents can be evaluated across multiple vulnerable populations sharing placebo groups, with the option of adding additional treatments at later time points as these become available. The primary endpoint is symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection, and each agent will be independently evaluated in real time when the required number of events occurs. Presently, three agents are approved in the platform: intranasal niclosamide, nasal and inhaled ciclesonide and intravenous sotrovimab. DISCUSSION: Despite the introduction of vaccination, there remains a need for pre-exposure prophylactic agents against SARS-CoV-2. Several patient groups are more vulnerable to COVID-19 disease by virtue of underlying health conditions, treatments received or suboptimal responses to vaccination. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04870333. EudraCT 2020-004144-28.