cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Multiple Chiral Majorana Fermion Modes and Quantum Transport
Creators: name: Wang, Jing
name: Lian, Biao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a general recipe for chiral topological superconductor (TSC) in two dimensions with multiple $N$ chiral Majorana fermion modes from a quantied anomalous Hall insulator in proximity to an s-wave superconductor with nontrivial band topology. A concrete example is that a $N=3$ chiral TSC may be realized by coupling a magnetic topological insulator and the ion-based superconductor such as FeTe$_{1-x}$Se$_{x}$ ($x=0.45$). We further propose the electrical and thermal transport experiments to detect the Majorana nature of three chiral edge fermions. A unique signature is that the two-terminal electrical conductance of a quantized anomalous Hall-TSC junction obeys a distribution averaged to $(2/3)e^2/h$, which is due to the random edge mode mixing of chiral Majorana fermions and is distinguished from possible trivial explanations.
description: 5.2 pages, 4 figures, the conductance distribution is added
Renormalization of the effective theory for heavy quarks at small velocity
Creators: name: Aglietti, U.
name: Gimenez, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The slope of the Isgur-Wise function at the normalization point, $ξ^{(1)}(1)$,is one of the basic parameters for the extraction of the $CKM$ matrix element $V_{cb}$ from exclusive semileptonic decay data. A method for measuring this parameter on the lattice is the effective theory for heavy quarks at small velocity $v$. This theory is a variant of the heavy quark effective theory in which the motion of the quark is treated as a perturbation. In this work we study the lattice renormalization of the slow heavy quark effective theory. We show that the renormalization of $ξ^{(1)}(1)$ is not affected by ultraviolet power divergences, implying no need of difficult non-perturbative subtractions. A lattice computation of $ξ^{(1)}(1)$ with this method is therefore feasible in principle. The one-loop renormalization constants of the effective theory for slow heavy quarks are computed to order $v^2$ together with the lattice-continuum renormalization constant of $ξ^{(1)}(1)$ . We demonstrate that the expansion in the heavy-quark velocity reproduces correctly the infrared structure of the original (non-expanded) theory to every order. We compute also the one-loop renormalization constants of the slow heavy quark effective theory to higher orders in $v^2$ and the lattice-continuum renormalization constants of the higher derivatives of the $ξ$ function. Unfortunately, the renormalization constants of the higher derivatives are affected by ultraviolet power divergences, implying the necessity of numerical non-perturbative subtractions. The lattice computation of higher derivatives of the Isgur-Wise function seems therefore problematic.
description: Latex, 43 pages, 5 figures available by fax upon request. To be published in Nucl. Phys B
Kinematics of the Atomic ISM in M33 on 80 pc scales
Creators: name: Koch, Eric W.
name: Rosolowsky, Erik W.
name: Lockman, Felix J.
name: Kepley, Amanda A.
name: Leroy, Adam
name: Schruba, Andreas
name: Braine, Jonathan
name: Dalcanton, Julianne
name: Johnson, Megan C.
name: Stanimirović, Snežana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new L-band ($1\mbox{--}2$ GHz) observations of the nearby spiral galaxy M33 with 80 pc resolution obtained with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array. The HI observations, combined with HI measurements from the Green Bank Telescope, improve the spectral resolution and sensitivity ($2.8$ K rms noise in a $0.2$ km s$^{-1}$ channel) compared to previous observations. We find individual profiles are usually non-Gaussian, harbouring line wings, multiple components, and asymmetries. Given this spectral complexity, we quantify the motions in the atomic ISM through moment analysis of the spectra and fits to aligned, stacked profiles. The measured value of the HI line width depends strongly on the method used, with the velocity stacked profiles aligned to the peak velocity giving the minimum value of $σ= 7$ km s$^{-1}$ and all other methods giving higher values ($σ\sim10$ km s$^{-1}$). All measurements of the line width show a shallow radial trend, with $σ$ decreasing by $\sim2$ km s$^{-1}$ from $R_{\rm gal}=0$ to $R_{\rm gal}=8$ kpc. We consider a number of energy sources that might maintain the line width against turbulent dissipation, but no single source is adequate. We find excess emission relative to a Gaussian in the stacked profile line wings, ranging from 9% to 26% depending on how the spectra are aligned. By splitting the line wings into symmetric and asymmetric components, we find that the lagging rotational disk accounts for one-third of the line wing flux. We also find emission far from the rotation axis of the galaxy in multiple discrete HI clouds, including a filament with a projected length of $\sim8$ kpc.
description: MNRAS, in press. 30 pages, 24 figures
Bio-Inspired Tools for a Distributed Wireless Sensor Network Operating System
Creators: name: Breza, Michael
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: The problem which I address in this thesis is to find a way to organise and manage a network of wireless sensor nodes using a minimal amount of communication. To find a solution I explore the use of Bio-inspired protocols to enable WSN management while maintaining a low communication overhead. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are loosely coupled distributed systems comprised of low-resource, battery powered sensor nodes. The largest problem with WSN management is that communication is the largest consumer of a sensor node’s energy. WSN management systems need to use as little communication as possible to prolong their operational lifetimes. This is the Wireless Sensor Network Management Problem. This problem is compounded because current WSN management systems glue together unrelated protocols to provide system services causing inter-protocol interference. Bio-inspired protocols provide a good solution because they enable the nodes to self-organise, use local area communication, and can combine their communication in an intelligent way with minimal increase in communication. I present a combined protocol and MAC scheduler to enable multiple service protocols to function in a WSN at the same time without causing inter-protocol interference. The scheduler is throughput optimal as long as the communication requirements of all of the protocols remain within the communication capacity of the network. I show that the scheduler improves a dissemination protocol’s performance by 35%. A bio-inspired synchronisation service is presented which enables wireless sensor nodes to self organise and provide a time service. Evaluation of the protocol shows an 80% saving in communication over similar bio-inspired synchronisation approaches. I then add an information dissemination protocol, without significantly increasing communication. This is achieved through the ability of our bio-inspired algorithms to combine their communication in an intelligent way so that they are able to offer multiple services without requiring a great deal of inter-node communication.
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel lipid-based nanoparticle delivery system for metabolic re-engineering
Creators: name: Brody, Leigh
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: Dietary supplementation with fibre has been shown to ameliorate features of the metabolic syndrome and inhibit malignant growth in certain types of cancer. These effects have been linked to short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), mostly acetate. However, the ubiquitous role of SCFAs in metabolism, combined with a short tissue half-life and the non-targeted nature of oral and peripheral administrations make achieving phenotypically relevant levels of SCFA by standard delivery techniques challenging and limit their therapeutic potential. Liposomal encapsulation of a therapeutic agent overcomes these issues by protecting against degradation, increasing circulation time and passively targeting both the liver and tumour tissue. In this research project, I have designed a bifunctional liposome formulation to transport SCFA, monitored their distribution and uptake utilising visualisation by MRI, PET/CT and fluorescence microscopy. These bifunctional liposomes were useful for effectively encapsulating small molecules within their aqueous core, which in this case was acetate, and capable of acetate delivery into cells while also being amenable to cellular imaging. I have shown that preferential delivery of liposome encapsulated acetate (LITA) nanoparticles to key sites of metabolic control provide beneficial therapeutic effects in animal models of both obesity and cancer. Chronic administration of LITA nanoparticles in an obeseogenic model led to a significant reduction in adiposity, intrahepatocellular lipid, inflammatory tone and genetic indication of a decrease fatty acid synthesis in the liver. Application of LITA in a murine xenograft model caused an inhibition of tumour growth in three colorectal cancer cell lines: HT-29, HCT116 p53+/+ and HCT116 p53-/-. The mechanisms for these two outcomes are not fully defined; however cellular energy homeostasis of both scenarios was restored. These results indicate that LITA nanoparticles can be used to improve multiple metabolic pathways, in vivo.
Warped Compactification with an Abelian Gauge Theory
Creators: name: Hayakawa, S.
name: Izawa, K. -I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate warped compactification with an abelian gauge theory in six dimensions. The vanishing cosmological constant in four dimensions can generically be realized with a regular metric even in a 3-brane background without fine tuning of couplings.
description: 6 pages, latex
Natural Killer Cell Subsets and Multiple Sclerosis
Creators: name: Harris, Alison Jane
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2012

description: This thesis addresses the hypothesis that multiple sclerosis (MS) patients have an imbalance in the frequencies of natural killer cell subsets, with fewer immunoregulatory and more proinflammatory NK cells compared to healthy controls. Ten NK cell subsets were defined according to expression of CD56, CD8, CD27 and CD57. Subset frequencies were compared by performing multiparameter flow cytometry on PBMCs from healthy controls and patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) or relapsing-remitting MS. CD56dim CD8+ CD57+ CD27- NK cells had a higher frequency in untreated relapsing-remitting MS patients compared to healthy controls and their frequency was decreased in patients on interferon-β treatment. CD56bright NK cells, particularly the CD8- CD27- subset, had a significantly lower frequency in untreated MS and CIS patients. CD8- CD57- CD27- subsets of both CD56dim and CD56bright NK cells were expanded in interferon-β-treated patients in remission but not relapse. Characteristics of two CD56dim subsets displaying an apparent reciprocal relationship (CD8+ CD57+ CD27- and CD8- CD57- CD27-) were compared by qRT-PCR, flow cytometry and killing assays. CD56dim CD8+ CD57+ CD27- NK cells were more cytotoxic and expressed higher levels of transcripts encoding IFNγ, T-bet and other factors associated with IFNγ signalling. This is consistent with the hypothesis that there is a shift towards a more pro-inflammatory NK cell phenotype in MS patients, which is reversed by interferon-β treatment. In order to determine whether these NK cells exert their effects mainly in the blood or in the central nervous system (CNS), mononuclear cells were extracted from the CNS of Line 7 mice, which develop spontaneous autoimmune demyelination due to expression of a human MS-associated HLA/TCR combination. NK cells were detected in spleen, but not CNS, of these mice, suggesting that their role in this particular disease model is restricted to regulation of other leukocytes outside the CNS.
Proper Motions of Ionized Gas at the Galactic Center: Evidence for Unbound Orbiting Gas
Creators: name: Yusef-Zadeh, F.
name: Roberts, D. A.
name: Biretta, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present radio continuum observations of the spiral-shaped ionized feature (Sgr A West) within the inner pc of the Galactic center at three epochs spanning 1986 to 1995. The VLA A-configuration was used at $λ$2cm (resolution of 0\dasec1$\times$0\dasec2). We detect proper motions of a number of features in the Northern and Eastern Arms of Sgr A West including the ionized gas associated with IRS 13 with V(RA)= 113 \pm 10, V(Dec)=150 \pm15 km/s, IRS 2 with V(RA)= 122 \pm 11, V(Dec)=24 \pm 34 km/s and the Norther Arm V(RA)= 126 \pm 30, V(Dec)=--207 \pm 58 km/s. We also report the detection of features having transverse velocities > 1000 km/s including a head-tail radio structure, the ``Bullet'', $\approx4''$ northwest of Sgr A$^*$ with V(RA)= 722 \pm 156, V(Dec)=832 \pm 203 km/s, exceeding the escape velocity at the Galactic center. The proper motion measurements when combined with previous H92$α$ radio recombination line data suggest an unambiguous direction of the flow of ionized gas orbiting the Galactic center. The measured velocity distribution suggests that the ionized gas in the Northern Arm is not bound to the Galactic center assuming a 2.5 million solar mass of dark matter residing at the Galactic center. This implies that the stellar and ionized gas systems are not dynamically coupled, thus, supporting a picture in which the gas features in the Northern Arm and its extensions are the result of an energetic phenomenon that has externally driven a cloud of gas cloud into the Galactic center.
description: 11 pages, three figures (one color) and one table. Astrophysical Journal Letters in press
Additional file 9: of Transcriptomic response to parasite infection in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) depends on rearing density
Creators: name: Ellison, Amy
name: Tamsyn Uren Webster
name: Rey, Olivier
name: Leaniz, Carlos Garcia De
name: Consuegra, Sofia
name: Orozco-TerWengel, Pablo
name: Cable, Jo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Gene Ontology enrichment of infected gill tissues: Full GO enrichment results of gill genes differentially expressed between infected and uninfected fish at high and low density. (DOCX 21 kb)
Chiral Symmetry Breaking in Abelian-Projected SU(2) Lattice Gauge Theory
Creators: name: Woloshyn, R. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chiral symmetry breaking parameters are calculated in quenched SU(2) gauge theory and with Abelian gauge fields projected in maximal Abelian gauge and in field strength gauge. Maximal Abelian gauge projected fields lead to chiral condensate values which are quite similar to those of the full nonabelian theory. Pseudoscalar and vector meson correlators are calculated and found to be reproduced by the use of maximal Abelian gauge fields for small quark masses. In field-strength gauge, Abelian-projected fields give a chiral condensate which closely resembles the results of strongly coupled ($β<1$) gauge theory: the chiral condensate is insensitive to $β$ and quark mass and hence violates scaling badly.
description: 16 pages plus 7 figures in 2 postscript files (uuencoded)
Strategies for Effective Storage and Preservation of Feed Ingredients and Compound Feeds
Creators: name: Akash Rathod1* and Manish Kumawat1
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2024

description: This article discusses the critical importance of proper storage techniques in preserving the quality and value of feed ingredients and compound feeds. Separate storage facilities for raw materials and finished products are emphasized, along with the implementation of preventive measures such as cleaning, insecticide spraying, and fumigation to control infestations. Environmental factors like moisture, temperature, and oxygen levels are identified as significant contributors to deterioration during storage. Specific recommendations are provided for storing various feed ingredients, including vitamins, lipids, and molasses, to maintain their efficacy. Furthermore, the article highlights the challenges posed by physical damage, pests, and chemical changes, along with strategies for grain and silage storage to minimize losses. Overall, effective storage procedures are essential for ensuring the health and productivity of livestock by preserving feed quality and minimizing spoilage.
Domain walls in five dimensional supergravity with non-trivial hypermultiplets
Creators: name: Behrndt, Klaus
name: Herrmann, Carl
name: Louis, Jan
name: Thomas, Steven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study BPS domain wall solutions of 5-dimensional N=2 supergravity where isometries of the hypermultiplet geometry have been gauged. We derive the corresponding supersymmetric flow equations and define an appropriate c-function. As an example we discuss a domain wall solution of Freedman, Gubser, Pilch and Warner which is related to a RG-flow in a dual superconformal field theory.
description: 20 pages
The Critical Exponents of Crystalline Random Surfaces
Creators: name: Wheater, J. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a high statistics numerical study of the crystalline random surface model with extrinsic curvature on lattices of up to $64^2$ points. The critical exponents at the crumpling transition are determined by a number of methods all of which are shown to agree within estimated errors. The correlation length exponent is found to be $ν=0.71(5)$ from the tangent-tangent correlation function whereas we find $ν=0.73(6)$ by assuming finite size scaling of the specific heat peak and hyperscaling. These results imply a specific heat exponent $α=0.58(10)$; this is a good fit to the specific heat on a $64^2$ lattice with a $χ^2$ per degree of freedom of 1.7 although the best direct fit to the specific heat data yields a much lower value of $α$. Our measurements of the normal-normal correlation functions suggest that the model in the crumpled phase is described by an effective field theory which deviates from a free field theory only by super-renormalizable interactions.
description: 18 pages standard LaTex with EPS figures
The synthesis of hydroxy-iso-evoninic acid via a benzilic ester rearrangement
Creators: name: Warren, Sarah Ann
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2011

description: Hydroxy-iso-evoninic acid is a pyridine diacid alkaloid present in nine natural products belonging to the Celastraceae plant family. The relative and absolute stereochemistry of the two stereocentres in this compound, which invariably occurs as a macrocyclic esterifying ligand between the C-3 and C-13 alcohols of β-dihydroagarofuran sesquiterpenes, were not assigned during isolation and no synthesis has yet been reported. The natural products containing hydroxy-iso-evoninic acid are of medicinal interest because of their high anti-HIV activity. This thesis contains an overview of the pyridine alkaloids present in the Celastraceae plant family and background to the benzilic ester rearrangement (BER), a variant of the benzilic acid rearrangement (BAR) discovered by Liebig in 1838. The majority of this thesis describes the first synthesis of the pyridine alkaloid hydroxy-iso-evoninic acid which utilises a BER as the key synthetic step. The development of a tunable diastereoselective BER is also reported, along with the initiation of the development of an asymmetric variant. The synthesis of a model of dihydro-β-agarofuran core euonyminol is also detailed to enable future assignment of the currently unknown stereochemistry of natural hydroxy-iso-evoninic acid.
Conservation features of the terrestrial Antarctic Peninsula Online Material
Creators: name: Lee, Jasmine
name: Chown, Steven
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 410401
subject: Conservation and biodiversity

description: These files constitute the online material for the article: "Conservation features of the terrestrial Antarctic Peninsula" (https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-024-02009-4). Together these files make up the preparation materials for the stakeholder engagement workshops. The workshops took place in 2020 and concerned the Antarctic Peninsula (-54.65,-60.67 to -80.48,-77.56)."PSCP_TourismWkshp_Description.pdf" - This pdf file contains the description of the SCAR-IAATO in-person systematic conservation planning workshop. This description was used to advertise the workshop to IAATO tourism operators."PSCP_TourismWkshp_IntroSlides.pdf" - This pdf file contains the slides introducing the SCAR-IAATO systematic conservation planning project, including why it is needed, the basics of systematic conservation planning, and what the purpose of the workshop is."PSCP_Intro_ConsPlanning_software.pdf" - This pdf file contains a step-by-step beginners guide to what systematic conservation planning is."PSCP_SciBioWkshp_Invite&Descript.pdf" - This pdf file contains the invitation used to invite science, biodiversity, and policy experts to the online science-biodiversity workshops for the SCAR-IAATO systematic conservation planning project."PSCP_SciBioWkshp_IntroVideo.mp4" - This video file introduces the SCAR-IAATO systematic conservation planning project, including why it is needed, the basics of systematic conservation planning, and what the purpose of the workshop is."PSCP_SciBioWkshp_ValuesVideo.mp4" - This video file introduces what conservation features of value are and provides some examples of Antarctic features of value in preparation for the online workshops.
The Problem of Hipparcos Distances to Open Clusters: I. Constraints from Multicolor Main Sequence Fitting
Creators: name: Pinsonneault, Marc H.
name: Stauffer, John
name: Soderblom, David R.
name: King, Jeremy
name: Hanson, Robert B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parallax data from the Hipparcos mission allow the direct distance to open clusters to be compared with the distance inferred from main sequence (MS) fitting. There are surprising differences between the two distance measurements, which could lead to consequences of significant astrophysical importance. We examine the different possibilities, focusing on MS fitting in both metallicity-sensitive B-V and metallicity-insensitive V-I for five well-studied systems (the Hyades, Pleiades, Alpha Per, Praesepe, and Coma Ber). The Hipparcos distances to the Hyades and Alpha Per agree with the MS fitting distances in both colors; there is a possible conflict for Praesepe and Coma Ber. The Hipparcos distance to the Pleiades disagrees with the MS fitting distance in both colors at more than the three sigma level. Changes in the cluster metal abundance, helium abundance, reddening and age-related effects are all shown to be unlikely to explain the puzzling behavior for the Pleiades. We present evidence for spatially dependent systematic errors at the 1 mas level in the parallaxes of Pleiades stars. The implications of this result are discussed.
description: 52 pages, 24 figures. To appear in ApJ. Figures also available by ftp at ftp://ftp.astronomy.ohio-state.edu/pub/pinsono/hipparcos
Modelling and optimisation of Electro-Active Polymer (EAP) devices
Creators: name: Rosenblatt-Weinberg, Florence
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: The control of boundary layers either for skin-friction reduction or for fight control can be achieved by their manipulation using deformable surfaces. In the case of the former, it is known that the manipulation of coherent structures in the turbulent boundary layer can lead to significant drag reductions. However, the challenge is to find actuators and sensors that are functional at these spatial scales (10 micron to 0.1 mm) and the associated temporal scale (100 kHz). Electro-Active Polymers (EAPs) provide excellent performance, are light weight, flexible, and low cost. Therefore EAPs, and in particular Dielectric Elastomer Actuators (DEAs), provide many potential applications as micro-actuators and micro-sensors. Modelling DEA devices is a cost-effective way of providing a better understanding of the devices and optimising their designs. Acquiring a model for the EAP material itself is the first essential step in DEA modelling. A modelling technique taking into account the material non-linearities and its behaviour at large deformations (`hyperelasticity') is presented in the third chapter of this thesis. The main challenge in modelling DEA devices is the modelling of their electro-mechanical coupling. Commercially available electro-mechanical modelling does not apply to non-linear materials such as EAPs. The ANSYS Finite Element (FE) software is the tool used in this work to develop a novel model presented in the fourth chapter. Various means of optimising the design of DEA devices are suggested in the sixth chapter using the developed DEA model. A novel design of an EAP-based pressure sensor is suggested in the seventh chapter; FE modelling is used to study the abilities and performance of such a device. To complete the model, its time-dependent properties are examined by a modal analysis examined in an eighth chapter. The thesis is completed by examining the potential for DEA in providing a `smart' surface for distributed aerodynamic control.
Insights into the Mycobacterial Response to Nitrogen Limitation; Characterisation of the GlnR Regulon
Creators: name: Jenkins, Victoria Alice
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: The ability to sense and initiate a response to situations of nitrogen-limitation is essential for bacterial survival. In extensively investigated organisms, the nitrogen-stress response consists of changes in intracellular metabolite levels, post-translational modification of proteins (such as metabolic enzymes) and a transcriptomic response mediated by a global response regulator. However, in mycobacteria the nitrogen stress response has not been comprehensively investigated. In this study mycobacterial nitrogen limiting conditions were optimised and the mechanism of GlnR activation investigated; M. smegmatis GlnR requires a highly conserved aspartate residue (D48), corresponding to a putative phosphorylation site, for function. In addition, a ChIP-seq approach combined with global expression analyses, permitted characterisation of the GlnR mediated global transcriptomic response stimulated during nitrogen. In M. smegmatis, 52 GlnR binding sites were identified, controlling the expression of at least 103 genes in response to nitrogen limitation. The majority of GlnR regulated genes were involved in nitrogen uptake and nitrogen scavenging. A consensus GlnR DNA binding motif was identified and AC-n9-AC DNA residues shown to be essential for GlnR:DNA binding. In M. tuberculosis 36 GlnR binding sites were identified in nitrogen limitation, however no consensus GlnR:DNA binding motif could be determined. Initial analysis suggests GlnR may be involved in a general stress response in M. tuberculosis, rather than mediating a nitrogen scavenging response as observed in M. smegmatis. This study provides the first global analysis of nitrogen limitation in mycobacteria and identifies GlnR as the main nitrogen response regulator. From this analysis it appears that the role of GlnR is different in M. tuberculosis compared to M. smegmatis, which may provide key insights into how pathogenic and non-pathogenic species survive nutrient limiting conditions.
Algebra of Deformed Differential Operators and Induced Integrable Toda Field Theory
Creators: name: Benkaddour, I.
name: Hssaini, M.
name: Kessabi, M.
name: Maroufi, B.
name: Sedra, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We build in this paper the algebra of q-deformed pseudo-differential operators shown to be an essential step towards setting a q-deformed integrability program. In fact, using the results of this q-deformed algebra, we derive the q-analogues of the generalized KdV hierarchy. We focus in particular on the first leading orders of this q-deformed hierarchy namely the q-KdV and q-Boussinesq integrable systems. We present also the q-generalization of the conformal transformations of the currents and discuss the primarity condition of the fields by using the Volterra gauge group transformations for the q-covariant Lax operators. An induced su(n)-Toda(su(2)-Liouville) field theory construction is discussed and other important features are presented.
description: 31 pages
Feedback in technology based instruction : learner preferences
Creators: name: Lefevre, David John
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2012

description: This research investigates learners’ requirements for the format of feedback when using technology based instruction (TBI). A novel approach is taken by focusing on learners’ preferences for such feedback. The primary method of data collection is to provide subjects with a range of options for TBI feedback and observe those options they choose to view. Feedback has a powerful effect on learning. It is considered one of the ten most significant influences on learner achievement (Hattie and Timperley 2007: 83). Prior research into TBI feedback has focused on the relationship between the format of such feedback and scores achieved in subsequent performance tests. Results have been inconclusive and the format of TBI feedback that should be provided to learners is unclear. This has led to calls for an increased focus on the learners’ perspective of TBI feedback (Mory 2003: 770; Handley, Price, et al. 2011: 548). This research furthers understanding of the learners’ perspective by identifying the format of TBI feedback learners choose to view and factors that affect this choice, hitherto an area not subject to empirical research. The specific focus is learners’ preferences for TBI feedback provided following responses to multiple choice questions. A mixed-method approach is taken comprising technology based observations and semi-structured interviews. In the former, a software tool developed as part of this research delivers items of TBI to students and records their preferences for feedback. Between 2008 and 2010 data were collected on 24 cohorts of students studying one or more of three items of TBI. In total, students responded to 61,929 questions. Results are interpreted through the constructivist perspective and the results are organised into eight themes which are then synthesised with reference to theoretical frameworks to produce a model of learner interaction with TBI feedback. In addition to furthering our understanding of how learners engage with TBI feedback, the results have implications for existing theoretical models and for research aiming to establish the effectiveness of different formats of TBI feedback. For the latter, this research also reveals avenues of future research that potentially address the inconsistent pattern of results found in prior research. No claims are made as to the effectiveness of different feedback formats however a number of recommendations to educators regarding the content, timing and delivery of TBI feedback are suggested.
The Phase Transition to the Quark Gluon Plasma: Recent Results from Lattice Calculations
Creators: name: Karsch, Frithjof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We will discuss here some of the recent results obtained from lattice simulations of QCD at non-zero temperature. Such calculations aim at a quantitative understanding of the thermodynamics of strongly interacting matter in equilibrium. We concentrate on a discussion of the equation of state, the chiral transition in two-flavour QCD and hadronic properties related to chiral symmetry restoration in the vicinity of $T_c$.
description: 15 pages, PS-file, plenary talk given at Quark Matter 95, Monterey
Resolving strong field dynamics in cation states of CO2 via optimised molecular alignment
Creators: name: Oppermann, Malte
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: In this thesis, the role of the molecular structure in strong field induced processes in CO2 is resolved by the use of optimised impulsive molecular alignment. Two processes were investigated: recollision induced ionisation and the dissociation of the molecular ion CO2+. Both processes are driven by the initial tunneling ionisation of CO2. Through the use of molecular alignment, the orbital symmetries of the involved molecular ionic states were resolved, revealing the internal molecular dynamics in the form of ionisation and excitation pathways. A novel data analysis procedure was developed to extract the alignment distribution and rotational temperature of the impulsively aligned molecular ensemble. This facilitated the optimisation of molecular alignment in mixed gas samples and was demonstrated for N2, O2 and CO2 seeded in Ar. The recollision induced or nonsequential double ionisation (NSDI) of CO2 was then studied in the molecular frame. The process was fully characterised by measuring the shape of the recolliding electron wavepacket and the angularly resolved inelastic electron-ion recollision cross section. The results reveal the contribution from both the ionic ground and first excited state of CO2+ to the NSDI mechanism. This study was extended to the strong field induced dissociation of impulsively aligned CO2+. It was found that dissociation is driven by a parallel dipole transition from the second excited ionic state B to the predissociating state C, whilst recollision excitation was shown to not play a role. The strong field induced coupling of the ionic states B and C could thus be controlled by the laser polarisation. The results obtained in this thesis further the understanding of population dynamics of cation states in strong field processes. This is of special interest for extending molecular strong field physics to the study of electronic degrees of freedom and their coupling to the nuclear motion.
Additional file 8 of lncRNA-PLACT1 sustains activation of NF-κB pathway through a positive feedback loop with IκBα/E2F1 axis in pancreatic cancer
Creators: name: Ren, Xiaofan
name: Chen, Changhao
name: Luo, Yuming
name: Liu, Mingyang
name: Li, Yuting
name: Zheng, Shangyou
name: Ye, Huilin
name: Fu, Zhiqiang
name: Li, Min
name: Li, Zhihua
name: Chen, Rufu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 8: Figure S6. PLACT1 induces activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway in an IκBα-dependent manner.
On the harmonic superspace language adapted to the Gelfand-Dickey algebra of differential operators
Creators: name: Hssaini, M.
name: Kessabi, M.
name: Maroufi, B.
name: Sedra, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Methods developed for the analysis of non-linear integrable models are used in the harmonic superspace (HS) framework. These methods, when applied to the HS, can lead to extract more information about the meaning of integrability in non-linear physical problems. Among the results obtained, we give the basic ingredients towards building in the HS language the analogue of the G.D. algebra of pseudo-differential operators. Some useful convention notations and algebraic structures are also introduced to make the use of the harmonic superspace techniques more accessible.
description: 14 pages
Lagrangian theory of structure formation in relativistic cosmology. V. Irrotational fluids
Creators: name: Li, Yong-Zhuang
name: Mourier, Pierre
name: Buchert, Thomas
name: Wiltshire, David L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the general relativistic Lagrangian perturbation theory, recently developed for the formation of cosmic structures in a dust continuum, to the case of model universes containing a single fluid with a single-valued analytic equation of state. Using a coframe-based perturbation approach, we investigate evolution equations for structure formation in pressure-supported irrotational fluids that generate their rest-frame spacetime foliation. We provide master equations to first order for the evolution of the trace and traceless parts of barotropic perturbations that evolve in the perturbed space, where the latter describes the propagation of gravitational waves in the fluid. We illustrate the trace evolution for a linear equation of state and for a model equation of state describing isotropic velocity dispersion, and we discuss differences to the dust matter model, to the Newtonian case, and to standard perturbation approaches.
description: 28 pages, 7 captioned figures, matches published version in PRD
The Age and Metallicity Range of Early-Type Galaxies in Clusters
Creators: name: Ferreras, I.
name: Charlot, S.
name: Silk, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an unbiased method for evaluating the ranges of ages and metallicities which are allowed by the photometric properties of the stellar populations that dominate the light of early-type galaxies in clusters. The method is based on the analysis of morphologically-classified early-type galaxies in 17 clusters at redshifts 0.3
description: 25 pages, AASLaTeX, w/8 embedded PS figures, accepted by ApJ
title: Efecto de las Labores de Cuidado en las Trayectorias Educativas de Estudiantes de INACAP
title: SERIE ANÁLISIS DE POLÍTICA PÚBLICA: EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR Nº 5
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Matus, Catalina
name: Venegas-Muggli, Juan I.
Publisher: name: INACAP
Year: 2025

description: En el marco de la relevancia de generar  evidencia respecto de los efectos de las  labores de cuidado no remunerados en los proyectos de vida de los/as cuidadores/ as, este estudio analiza el efecto de este tipo de responsabilidades en las trayectorias académicas de estudiantes de INACAP que ingresaron a la institución en 2023. Para ello, se crea una variable  categórica que identifica si el/la estudiante tiene o no responsabilidades de cuidado y si tiene o no hijos. Mediante un diseño cuantitativo no experimental, se estima el efecto en la retención y el promedio de notas de primer año. Los resultados muestran que las responsabilidades de cuidado no remunerado afectan negativamente a la retención y los resultados académicos, especialmentecuando las/os estudiantes tienen hijas/os. Además, se observa que el efecto negativo del cuidado es más pronunciado en las estudiantes con niveles socioeconómicos bajos y menores percepciones de apoyo social. A partir de estos hallazgos, se discute, desde un enfoque de género, la importancia de desarrollar programas e iniciativas públicas e institucionales que apoyen las trayectorias académicas de estudiantes que ejercen labores de cuidado.
Additional file 1: of Modeling tuberculosis dynamics with the presence of hyper-susceptible individuals for Ho Chi Minh City from 1996 to 2015
Creators: name: Vinh, Dao
name: Ha, Dang
name: Nguyen Hanh
name: Thwaites, Guy
name: Boni, Maciej
name: Clapham, Hannah
name: Nguyen Thuong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: This includes the supplementary document for this paper. (DOCX 2715 kb)
Apoptosis regulation at mitochondria : insights into the roles of CKMT1 and IkBα in apoptosis inhibition
Creators: name: Datler, Christoph
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: The point of no return in the intrinsic apoptosis pathway is the loss of outer mitochondrial membrane integrity. Protein complexes, such as the PT-pore, have been implicated in mediating mitochondrial disintegration via the induction of mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT). My study provides evidence that the mitochondrial creatine kinase CKMT1 is a key regulator of MPT through a complex distinct from the “classical” PT-pore. Overexpression of CKMT1 confers resistance against mitochondrial depolarization and apoptosis – an effect that is independent of its kinase activity. Furthermore, CKMT1 is a functionally necessary gatekeeper of MPT, as its depletion universally induces mitochondrial depolarization and apoptotic cell death in transformed and primary cells. This cannot be abrogated by the supplementation with phosphocreatine, the end product of the enzymatic reaction catalysed by CKMT1, but can efficiently be inhibited by bongkrekic acid – a pharmacological agent inhibiting mitochondrial membrane channels. My studies highlight that CKMT1 determines cellular fate and thus could be a promising therapeutic target as altered CKMT1 expression has been described in tumours and neurodegenerative disease. The second part of this thesis describes the intricate challenges of CKMT1 RNAi validation techniques and offers a detailed examination of the human CKMT1 locus. The third part addresses the effect of mitochondrial IκΒα in apoptosis. I reveal a fundamentally new function of the NF-κB target gene IκΒα, which is distinct from its well-established NF-κB inhibition. It potently represses apoptosis when targeted specifically to the outer mitochondrial membrane where its N-terminus interacts with and its anti-apoptotic property depends on VDAC1. Therefore, IκΒα regulates the intricate balance of cell survival and cell death via contributing to canonical NF-κB signalling and the “classical” PT-pore, respectively. Considering that NF-κB dysregulation is a major culprit in disease formation, the biological implications of my results could be crucial in understanding and targeting the underlying pathological mechanisms.
Additional file 8 of lncRNA-PLACT1 sustains activation of NF-κB pathway through a positive feedback loop with IκBα/E2F1 axis in pancreatic cancer
Creators: name: Ren, Xiaofan
name: Chen, Changhao
name: Luo, Yuming
name: Liu, Mingyang
name: Li, Yuting
name: Zheng, Shangyou
name: Ye, Huilin
name: Fu, Zhiqiang
name: Li, Min
name: Li, Zhihua
name: Chen, Rufu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 8: Figure S6. PLACT1 induces activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway in an IκBα-dependent manner.
EspJ of enteropathogenic and enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli inhibits receptor tyrosine phosphorylation
Creators: name: Young, Joanna
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: Enterohaemorrhagic and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EHEC and EPEC) are enteric pathogens that cause disease through intimate attachment and subversion of intestinal epithelial cells. This strategy depends on a type III secretion system (T3SS) to translocate effector proteins into host cells. EspJ is a T3SS effector protein that inhibits opsono-phagocytosis through an unidentified mechanism. This study aimed to determine the mechanism of action of EspJ through analysis of the protein itself and its effects on eukaryotic cell signalling. Bioinformatic analysis of EspJ revealed a predicted ADP-ribosyltransferase (ART) domain which mediates transfer of ADP-ribose from NAD on to a target protein. Through structural comparison with known ARTs, mutations were designed targeting predicted key ART domain residues. NMR analysis revealed that EspJ binds NAD and also that this interaction was disrupted by ART domain mutations. Mutation of the ART domain also disrupted inhibition of opsono-phagocytosis by EspJ. Further analysis of phagocytosis revealed that EspJ inhibits actin polymerisation and tyrosine phosphorylation during FcγR-mediated phagocytosis. During infection, EPEC and EHEC use the translocated effector Tir to initiate actin polymerisation pathways leading to the formation of actin rich pedestals on cultured cells. TirEPEC signalling is similar to that of the FcγR and so the impact of EspJ on pedestal formation was analysed. EspJ inhibited the tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent TirEPEC-mediated actin pedestal assembly but not the phosphorylation-independent TirEHEC signalling. Inhibition of EPEC pedestals correlated with reduced tyrosine phosphorylation and recruitment of the SH2-adaptor Nck. Importantly, an absence of Src family kinases (SFK) was observed in the presence of EspJ. EspJ inhibited FcγRIIa tyrosine phosphorylation suggesting that this effector acts at the initial stages of tyrosine kinase dependent actin polymerisation pathways preventing receptor phosphorylation by SFKs. Importantly, an intact ART domain was required for EspJ mediated inhibition of tyrosine phosphorylation and downstream actin polymerisation.