cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sub-millimeter Detected z~2 Radio-quiet QSOs: Accurate Redshifts, Black Hole Masses, and Inflow/Outflow Velocities
Creators: name: Orellana, Gustavo
name: Nagar, Neil M.
name: Isaac, Kate G.
name: Priddey, Robert
name: Maiolino, Roberto
name: McMahon, Richard
name: Marconi, Alessandro
name: Oliva, Ernesto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present near-IR spectroscopy of a sample of luminous (Lbol >10^14 Lsun), sub-millimeter-detected, dusty (M_dust~10^9 Msun), radio-quiet QSOs at z~2. We measure the redshift, width, and luminosity of the Halpha line, and the continuum luminosity near Ha. The Halpha emission line was strongly detected in all sources. Two components -- a very broad (>~5000 km/s) Gaussian and an intermediate-width (>~1500 km/s) Gaussian, were required to fit the Halpha profile of all observed QSOs. Narrow (
description: to appear in A&A
Facile synthesis of 3-aryl benzofurans, 3-aryl benzothiophenes, 2-aryl indoles and their dimers
Creators: name: Umareddy, Pailla
name: Arava, Veera Reddy
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: The preparation of 3-aryl benzofuran and benzothiophenes and their dimers at 2-position and, 2-aryl indoles and their 3-position dimers preparation is described.
The permanent dipole moment of LiCs in the ground state
Creators: name: Deiglmayr, J.
name: Grochola, A.
name: Repp, M.
name: Dulieu, O.
name: Wester, R.
name: Weidemüller, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently we demonstrated the formation of ultracold polar LiCs molecules in deeply bound levels of the X1S+ ground state, including the rovibrational ground state [J. Deiglmayr et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 133004 (2008)]. Here we report on the first experimental determination of the permanent electric dipole moment of deeply bound LiCs molecules. For X1S+,v"=2 and v"=3 we measure values of mu=5.5(2) Debye and 5.3(2) Debye respectively.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Chemical composition of hydrosol volatiles of flowers from ten Paeonia × suffruticosa Andr. cultivars from Luoyang, China
Creators: name: Lei, Gaoming
name: Song, Chaoying
name: Luo, Yongqiang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Plant Biology

description: Hydrosol volatiles from flowers of ten Paeonia × suffruticosa Andr. cultivars were analysed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and GC–flame ionisation detector (GC-FID) for the first time. Fifty components were identified representing 97.6–99.8% of total composition, in which oxygenated compounds (87.4–99.8%) predominated. Hydrosol volatiles of five and two cultivars presented chemotypes of 2-phenylethanol (48.0–79.5%) and 1,3,5-trimethoxybenzene (72.8%, 50.2%), respectively. Hydrosol volatiles of ‘XYTH’ rich in β-citronellol (57.2%) probably represented a newly defined chemotype with β-citronellol percentage over 50%. ‘GFCC’ hydrosol volatiles presented a balanced profile with 1,3,5-trimethoxybenzene (31.9%), β-citronellol (31.5%) and 2-phenylethanol (23.0%). ‘LHZL’ hydrosol volatiles were distinct from others due to occurrence of 6,9-heptadecadiene (2.0%), 2-heptanol (1.8%), pentadecane (1.5%), (Z)-3-nonen-1-ol (1.1%) and geraniol (15.7%). Chemotype characterisation of P. × suffruticosa Andr. hydrosols was of significance considering numerous cultivars of the species and potential applications of the hydrosols.
An Open-Publishing Response to the COVID-19 Infodemic
Creators: name: Rando, Halie M.
name: Boca, Simina M.
name: McGowan, Lucy D'Agostino
name: Himmelstein, Daniel S.
name: Robson, Michael P.
name: Rubinetti, Vincent
name: Velazquez, Ryan
name: Consortium, COVID-19 Review
name: Greene, Casey S.
name: Gitter, Anthony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The COVID-19 pandemic catalyzed the rapid dissemination of papers and preprints investigating the disease and its associated virus, SARS-CoV-2. The multifaceted nature of COVID-19 demands a multidisciplinary approach, but the urgency of the crisis combined with the need for social distancing measures present unique challenges to collaborative science. We applied a massive online open publishing approach to this problem using Manubot. Through GitHub, collaborators summarized and critiqued COVID-19 literature, creating a review manuscript. Manubot automatically compiled citation information for referenced preprints, journal publications, websites, and clinical trials. Continuous integration workflows retrieved up-to-date data from online sources nightly, regenerating some of the manuscript's figures and statistics. Manubot rendered the manuscript into PDF, HTML, LaTeX, and DOCX outputs, immediately updating the version available online upon the integration of new content. Through this effort, we organized over 50 scientists from a range of backgrounds who evaluated over 1,500 sources and developed seven literature reviews. While many efforts from the computational community have focused on mining COVID-19 literature, our project illustrates the power of open publishing to organize both technical and non-technical scientists to aggregate and disseminate information in response to an evolving crisis.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Reframing Russia in France : "popular diplomacy" and the Franco-Russian military alliance, 1871-1901
Creators: name: Matheson, Mary Carol
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: In contrast to existing geopolitical, diplomatic and financial studies, this dissertation applies the tools of cultural history to investigate the genesis of the 1894 Franco-Russian alliance, from the French perspective. Drawing on a broad range of sources spanning the textual, audiovisual and material domains - many hitherto unexplored - it argues that after France's humiliating 1871 defeat in the Franco-Prussian War, a significant cadre of extra-governmental actors began to promote and enable the move by the early Third Republic to forge an alliance with Russia, considered by many to be an improbable ally. These actors engineered a radical reframing of attitudes towards Russia between 1871 and 1901, despite the substantial obstacles of diametrically opposed governments, entrenched stereotypes stemming from Napoléon's 1812 invasion of Russia and the Crimean War of 1854-1856, and French Catholic antipathy towards Russian repression of the uprisings in Poland in 1830 and in 1863. To forge an alliance, considerable geopolitical amnesia would be required; a new "politics of imagination" would be necessary, with a politics of persuasion to set it in place. Spurred by chronic government instability and the lack of directional foreign policy as the new Republic struggled to achieve its political equilibrium, and enabled by the evolving social, cultural and political structures that it unleashed, pro-alliance actors exemplified an engaged polity whose efforts targeted both the government and the public as they disseminated positive representations to present Russia as a worthy partner for France. Operating within the academic, literary, publishing, lobbyist, financial, entertainment, entrepreneurial and religious spheres, they worked either to counter anti-Russian tropes, to facilitate French loans to Russia as an inducement to alliance, to promote an alliance agenda, or to harness alliance popularity to their domestic social agendas. Above all, to enable the goals of "popular diplomacy" and inclusionary politics, pro-alliance elites employed a vast range of traditional and new mass media. Contributing to government decision-making and to wider public opinion, their actions demonstrated the intersection of domestic politics with foreign policy decisions, while helping to shape the political culture of the early Third Republic.
An Agent-Based Intrusion Detection System for Local Area Networks
Creators: name: Sen, Jaydip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Since it is impossible to predict and identify all the vulnerabilities of a network beforehand, and penetration into a system by malicious intruders cannot always be prevented, intrusion detection systems (IDSs) are essential entities to ensure the security of a networked system. To be effective in carrying out their functions, the IDSs need to be accurate, adaptive, and extensible. Given these stringent requirements and the high level of vulnerabilities of the current days' networks, the design of an IDS has become a very challenging task. Although, an extensive research has been done on intrusion detection in a distributed environment, distributed IDSs suffer from a number of drawbacks e.g., high rates of false positives, low detection efficiency etc. In this paper, the design of a distributed IDS is proposed that consists of a group of autonomous and cooperating agents. In addition to its ability to detect attacks, the system is capable of identifying and isolating compromised nodes in the network thereby introducing fault-tolerance in its operations. The experiments conducted on the system have shown that it has a high detection efficiency and low false positives compared to some of the currently existing systems.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
Data analysis of $ab$ $initio$ effective Hamiltonians in iron-based superconductors $\unicode{x2014}$ Construction of predictors for superconducting critical temperature
Creators: name: Ido, Kota
name: Motoyama, Yuichi
name: Yoshimi, Kazuyoshi
name: Misawa, Takahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-temperature superconductivity occurs in strongly correlated materials such as copper oxides and iron-based superconductors. Numerous experimental and theoretical works have been done to identify the key parameters that induce high-temperature superconductivity. However, the key parameters governing the high-temperature superconductivity remain still unclear, which hamper the prediction of superconducting critical temperatures ($T_\text{c}$s) of strongly correlated materials. Here by using data-science techniques, we clarified how the microscopic parameters in the $ab$ $initio$ effective Hamiltonians correlate with the experimental $T_\text{c}$s in iron-based superconductors. We showed that a combination of microscopic parameters can characterize the compound-dependence of $T_\text{c}$ using the principal component analysis. We also constructed a linear regression model that reproduces the experimental $T_\text{c}$ from the microscopic parameters. Based on the regression model, we showed a way for increasing $T_\text{c}$ by changing the lattice parameters. The developed methodology opens a new field of materials informatics for strongly correlated electron systems.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables
Morindaquinone, a new bianthraquinone from Morinda coreia roots
Creators: name: Chokchaisiri, Suwadee
name: Siriwattanasathien, Yuttana
name: Thongbamrer, Chopaka
name: Suksamrarn, Apichart
name: Rukachaisirikul, Thitima
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Phytochemical investigation of the roots of Morinda coreia led to the isolation of one new bianthraquinone, morindaquinone (1), together with 12 known compounds, soranjidiol (2), rubiadin-1-methyl ether (3), 2-methoxy-1,3,6-trihydroxyanthraquinone (4), 1-hydroxy-2-methylanthraquinone (5), tectoquinone (6), nordamnacanthal (7), damnacanthal (8), 2-formylanthraquinone (9), 3-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethylanthraquinone (10), lucidin-ω-methyl ether (11), scopoletin (12) and (+)-mellein (13). The structures of these compounds were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses, as well as by comparison with literature reports. Compound 1 was the first example of bianthraquinone found in the genus Morinda, whereas compound 13 was firstly isolated from this genus. Among them, compounds 2, 7, 8 and 10 exhibited moderate to weak cytotoxicity against human cervical (HeLa), human colon (HT 29) and human breast (MCF-7) cell lines, while compounds 6 and 9 – 11 showed weak anti-acetylcholinesterase activity.
A Hall of Statistical Mirrors
Creators: name: Khan, Gabriel
name: Zhang, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32Q15, 53B12, 53C55, 26B25

description: The primary objects of study in information geometry are statistical manifolds, which are parametrized families of probability measures, induced with the Fisher-Rao metric and a pair of torsion-free conjugate connections. In recent work, the authors considered parametrized probability distributions as partially-flat statistical manifolds admitting torsion and showed that there is a complex to symplectic duality on the tangent bundles of such manifolds, based on the dualistic geometry of the underlying manifold. In this paper, we explore this correspondence further in the context of Hessian manifolds, in which case the conjugate connections are both curvature- and torsion-free, and the associated dual pair of spaces are Kähler manifolds. We focus on several key examples and their geometric features. In particular, we show that the moduli space of univariate normal distributions gives rise to a correspondence between the Siegel half-space and the Siegel-Jacobi space, which are spaces that appear in the context of automorphic forms.
description: 46 pages. This version contains some minor edits as well as some corrections for the conjectural remarks
Chemical constituents from Schisandra sphenanthera and their cytotoxic activity
Creators: name: Mai, Nguyen Thi
name: Van Doan, Vu
name: Lan, Hoang Thi Tuyet
name: Anh, Bui Thi Mai
name: Hoang, Nguyen Huy
name: Tai, Bui Huu
name: Nhiem, Nguyen Xuan
name: Yen, Pham Hai
name: Park, Seon Ju
name: Seo, Yohan
name: Namkung, Wan
name: Kim, Seung Hyun
name: Van Kiem, Phan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Extensive phytochemical investigation of Schisandra sphenanthera leaves resulted in the isolation of six highly oxygenated nortriterpenoids (1–6) and five lignans (7–11) including a new pre-schisanartane-type, schisandrathera A (1), a new dibenzocyclooctadiene glycoside, schisandrathera B (7) and two new lignans, schisandrathera C (8) and schisandrathera D (9). Their chemical structures including absolute configurations were determined extensively by means of HR-ESI-MS, NMR, and ECD spectra. In addition, all isolated compounds were tested for cytotoxic activity against PC3 (prostate cancer) and MCF7 (breast cancer) cell lines. Among these compounds, schirubrisin B (3) showed strong cytotoxic effect on both PC3 and MCF7 cell lines with IC50 values of 3.21 ± 0.68, 13.30 ± 0.68 μM, respectively, whereas ten remaining compounds were found to be less effective in the investigated models.
A lower bound for the mass of axisymmetric connected black hole data sets
Creators: name: Chruściel, Piotr T.
name: Nguyen, Luc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a generalisation of the Brill-type proof of positivity of mass for axisymmetric initial data to initial data sets with black hole boundaries. The argument leads to a strictly positive lower bound for the mass of simply connected, connected axisymmetric black hole data sets in terms of the mass of a reference Schwarzschild metric.
On the Superradiant Phase in Field-Matter Interactions
Creators: name: Castaños, O.
name: Nahmad-Achar, E.
name: López-Peña, R.
name: Hirsch, J. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that semi-classical states adapted to the symmetry of the Hamiltonian are an excellent approximation to the exact quantum solution of the ground and first excited states of the Dicke model. Their overlap to the exact quantum states is very close to 1 except in a close vicinity of the quantum phase transition. Furthermore, they have analytic forms in terms of the model parameters and allow us to calculate analytically the expectation values of field and matter observables. Some of these differ considerably from results obtained via the standard coherent states, and by means of Holstein-Primakoff series expansion of the Dicke Hamiltonian. Comparison with exact solutions obtained numerically support our results. In particular, it is shown that the expectation values of the number of photons and of the number of excited atoms have no singularities at the phase transition. We comment on why other authors have previously found otherwise.
Indian urban workers' labour market transitions
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Jyotirmoy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This paper studies gross labour market flows and determinants of labour market transitions for urban Indian workers using a panel dataset constructed from Indian Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) data for the period 2017--18 to 2019--20. Longitudinal studies based on the PLFS have been hampered by data problems that prevent a straightforward merging of the 2017--18 and 2018--19 data releases. In this paper, we propose and validate a matching procedure based on individual and household characteristics that can successfully link almost all records across these two years. We use the constructed data set to document a number of stylised facts about gross worker flows and to estimate the effects of different individual characteristics and work histories on probabilities of job gain and loss.
description: 24 pages, 3 figures. Major revision. Section on post-COVID period removed. Qualitative results unchanged
Land education and reconciliation : exploring educators’ practice
Creators: name: Bridge, Christine Hillary
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: This study explored ways to integrate processes of reconciliation into educators’ teaching practice. The focus of this narrative inquiry was to engage educators in a series of land-based activities that prompted them to consider how the notion of “land as first teacher” (Haig-Brown & Dannenmann, 2008) might contribute to interdisciplinary approaches to land education, ecological recovery, and reconciliation in their classroom praxis. Research took place on the University of British Columbia (UBC) Vancouver campus, situated on the traditional, ancestral, and unceded territory of the Musqueam people. The 4Rs of respect, relevance, reciprocity, and responsibility described by Kirkness and Barnhardt (1991) provided an ethical community protocol that directed the study. Over the span of four months, a participant group consisting of four graduate students, three undergraduate students, and two course instructors from the UBC Faculty of Education, engaged in a series of land-based activities on various public sites on or near the UBC campus that acknowledge and re-inscribe Indigenous presence. Following each activity, participants were asked to reflect on a series of guiding questions. Data sources included pre-study questionnaires, reflective journals, semi-structured interviews, and my own field notes and observations. Findings of the research suggested dominant discourses regarding the use of land and ethics towards the land were effectively challenged over the course of the study. Participants expressed how they might re-shape their instructional approaches to include processes of reconciliation in a multitude of ways, and expressed commitment to build their own personal and professional knowledge, and awareness of Indigenous perspectives to help further these processes. The study builds on a body of research exploring the effectiveness of decolonizing teacher education programs. It advances land education as a pedagogical model, and thus addresses the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada’s (2015b) calls to action for increased Indigenous content for learners at all levels. Further, it attends to the urgent need for reconciliation that runs deep in our country, by promoting mutually respectful relationships between Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples (TRC, 2015c).
Multi-Zone warm and cold clumpy absorbers in 3 Seyfert galaxies
Creators: name: Ricci, C.
name: Beckmann, V.
name: Audard, M.
name: Courvoisier, T. J. -L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first detailed X-ray analysis of three AGN, the Seyfert 1 galaxies UGC 3142 and ESO 140-43, and the Seyfert 2 galaxy ESO 383-18, in order to study the geometry and the physical characteristics of their absorbers. High quality XMM-Newton EPIC and RGS data were analysed, as well as Swift/XRT and BAT and INTEGRAL IBIS/ISGRI data, in order to cover the 0.3--110 keV energy range. For ESO 140-43 also XMM-Newton/OM and Swift/UVOT data were used. We studied the variability of the three AGN on a time-scale of seconds using the EPIC/PN light curves, and the long-term time-scale variability of ESO 140-43 using two observations performed 6 months apart by XMM-Newton. The spectra of the three Seyfert galaxies present a "soft excess'' at energies E < 2 keV above a power-law continuum that can be modeled by complex absorption, without any additional emission component. The X-ray sources in UGC 3142 and ESO 383-18 are absorbed by two layers of neutral material, with covering fractions f_1=0.92 and f_2=0.57 for UGC 3142, and f_1=0.97 and f_2 = 0.86 for ESO 383-18. While the clumpy absorber could be part of a disc wind or of the broad line region for UGC 3142, in the case of ESO 383-18 a clumpy torus plus Compton thin dust lanes are more likely. The spectra of ESO 140-43 can be well fitted using a power law absorbed by three clumpy ionized absorbers with different covering factors, column densities, and ionization parameters, likely part of a moving clumpy system, which might be a disc wind or the broad line region. The strong spectral and flux variability on a time scale of 6 months seen in ESO 140-43 is likely due to changes in the moving absorbers. The variation of the covering factor of one of the three ionized absorbers could be detected, on a kilo-seconds time-scale, in the EPIC light-curve of ESO 140-43.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A, 15 pages, 13 figures
Approval of Monsanto Company Request 04-125-01p Seeking a Determination of Non-regulated Status for Corn Rootworm Resistant Corn MON 88017
Creators: name: , Bill
Publisher: name: Gates Open Research
Year: 2019

description: Approval of Monsanto Company Request 04-125-01p Seeking a Determination of Non-regulated Status for Corn Rootworm Resistant Corn MON 88017
Strong phonon-plasmon coupled modes in the graphene/silicon carbide heterosystem
Creators: name: Koch, R. J.
name: Seyller, Th.
name: Schaefer, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on strong coupling of the charge carrier plasmon $ω_{PL}$ in graphene with the surface optical phonon $ω_{SO}$ of the underlying SiC(0001) substrate with low electron concentration ($n=1.2\times 10^{15}$ $cm^{-3}$) in the long wavelength limit ($q_\parallel \rightarrow 0$). Energy dependent energy-loss spectra give for the first time clear evidence of two coupled phonon-plasmon modes $ω_\pm$ separated by a gap between $ω_{SO}$ ($q_\parallel \rightarrow 0$) and $ω_{TO}$ ($q_\parallel >> 0$), the transverse optical phonon mode, with a Fano-type shape, in particular for higher primary electron energies ($E_0 \ge 20eV$). A simplified model based on dielectric theory is able to simulate our energy - loss spectra as well as the dispersion of the two coupled phonon-plasmon modes $ω_\pm$. In contrast, Liu and Willis [1] postulate in their recent publication no gap and a discontinuous dispersion curve with a one-peak structure from their energy-loss data.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, presented during Graphene Week 2010, Maryland University, College Park, Maryland, USA, April 19-23, 2010
Synthesis of 2-aryl-1,2,4-triazol-3-one derivatives from β-nitroenamines
Creators: name: Nagy, Dániel
name: Pilipecz, Mihály V.
name: Kiss, László A.
name: Alekszi-Kaszás, Anna
name: Simon, András
name: Schlosser, Gitta Z.
name: Nemes, Péter
name: Varga, Tamás R.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: The preparation of representatively selected 2-aryl-4,5-disubstituted-1,2,4-triazol-3-ones from cyclic β-nitroenamines in four steps is provided, with an overall yield of 8–70%. The nitrazone to amidrazone conversion (third step) could not proceed in absence of LiBr catalyst, and the crucial role of this mild Lewis acid is emphasized. The last cyclization step required the boosting effect of N-methylimidazole and elevated reaction temperature, as well. This reliable synthesis is highly versatile as well, and it could furnish a chemical library of 2,4,5-trisubstituted-1,2,4-triazol-3-ones with potential pharmacological activities. The usefulness of the umpolung that is accompanied by a wide transformability of nitroenamines is highlighted.
The number of configurations of radii that can occur in compact packings of the plane with discs of $n$ sizes is finite
Creators: name: Messerschmidt, Miek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 05B40. Secondary: 52C26, 52C15

description: By a compact packing of the plane by discs, $P$, we mean a collection of closed discs in the plane with pairwise disjoint interior so that, for every disc $C\in P$, there exists a sequence of discs $D_{0},\ldots,D_{m-1}\in P$ so that each $D_{i}$ is tangent to both $C$ and $D_{i+1\mod m}.$ We prove, for every $n\in\mathbb N$, that there exist only finitely many tuples $(r_{0},r_{1},\ldots,r_{n-1})\in\mathbb{R}^{n}$ with $0
description: Sections 3-6 are revised so as to align with a better definition of 'fundamental set'
Reaction extent or advancement of the reaction: A new general definition
Creators: name: Gáspár, V.
name: Tóth, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 80Mxx (Primary) 34Cxx (Secondary)

description: The concept of reaction extent (the progress of a reaction, advancement of the reaction, conversion, etc.) was introduced around 100 years ago. Most of the literature provides a definition for the exceptional case of a single reaction step or gives an implicit definition that cannot be made explicit. There are views that the reaction extent somehow has to tend to 1 when the reaction goes to completion as time tends to infinity. However, there is no agreement on which function should tend to 1. Starting from the standard definition by IUPAC and following the classical works by De Donder, Aris, and Croce we extend the classic definition of the reaction extent for an arbitrary number of species and reaction steps. The new general, explicit definition is also valid for non-mass action kinetics. We also studied the mathematical properties (evolution equation, continuity, monotony, differentiability, etc.) of the defined quantity, connecting them to the formalism of modern reaction kinetics. Our approach tries to adhere to the customs of chemists and be mathematically correct simultaneously. To make the exposition easy to understand, we use simple chemical examples and many figures, throughout. We also show how to apply this concept to exotic reactions: reactions with more than one stationary state, oscillatory reactions, and reactions showing chaotic behavior. The main advantage of the new definition of reaction extent is that by knowing the kinetic model of a reacting system one can now calculate not only the time evolution of the concentration of each reacting species but also the number of occurrences of the individual reaction events.
description: 20 pages, 25 figures, Based on the talk at the 2nd International Conference on Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms, and Catalysis. 20--22 May 2021, Budapest, Hungary. To replace the previous version
Tandem synthesis and antibacterial screening of novel thieno[2,3-b]thiophene-linked bis(thiazole) hybrids
Creators: name: Sanad, Sherif M. H.
name: Mekky, Ahmed E. M.
name: El-Reedy, Ahmed A. M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: We reported herein a facile tandem synthesis of new bis(thiazoles) utilizing the appropriate thieno[2,3-b]thiophene-linked bis(α-bromoketones). Thus, two equivalents of each of the appropriate acetonitriles were reacted with phenyl isothiocyanate and potassium hydroxide in DMF under stirring at rt for 6 h. To the prior mixture, one equivalent of the appropriate bis(α-bromoketones) was added and stirring was continued for 8 h to give the target bis(thiazoles). Furthermore, we examined the synthesis of new bis(thiazoles) linked to different heterocyclic units. These hybrids were prepared using a similar tandem protocol and utilizing the appropriate acetonitriles, linked to thiazole, benzothiazole, benzoxazole or benzimidazole units. The in vitro antibacterial efficacy of the new hybrids was assessed using the reference Ciprofloxacin (MIC values of 2.7 µM). New hybrids linked to benzoxazole units displayed the best antibacterial efficacy against S. aureus, S. mutans, E. coli, and K. pneumonia strains with MIC values of 1.6–3.3 µM.
Reinforcement Learning-based Switching Controller for a Milliscale Robot in a Constrained Environment
Creators: name: Tariverdi, Abbas
name: Côté-Allard, Ulysse
name: Mathiassen, Kim
name: Elle, Ole J.
name: Kalvøy, Håvard
name: Martinsen, Ørjan G.
name: Tørresen, Jim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This work presents a reinforcement learning-based switching control mechanism to autonomously move a ferromagnetic object (representing a milliscale robot) around obstacles within a constrained environment in the presence of disturbances. This mechanism can be used to navigate objects (e.g., capsule endoscopy, swarms of drug particles) through complex environments when active control is a necessity but where direct manipulation can be hazardous. The proposed control scheme consists of a switching control architecture implemented by two sub-controllers. The first sub-controller is designed to employ the robot's inverse kinematic solutions to do an environment search for the to-be-carried ferromagnetic particle while being robust to disturbances. The second sub-controller uses a customized rainbow algorithm to control a robotic arm, i.e., the UR5 robot, to carry a ferromagnetic particle to a desired position through a constrained environment. For the customized Rainbow algorithm, Quantile Huber loss from the Implicit Quantile Networks (IQN) algorithm and ResNet are employed. The proposed controller is first trained and tested in a real-time physics simulation engine (PyBullet). Afterward, the trained controller is transferred to a UR5 robot to remotely transport a ferromagnetic particle in a real-world scenario, achieving a 98.86% success rate over 30 episodes for randomly generated trajectories, demonstrating the viability of the proposed approach for real-life applications. In addition, two classical pathfinding approaches, Attractor Dynamics and the execution extended Rapidly-Exploring Random Trees (ERRT), are also investigated and compared to the RL-based method. The proposed RL-based algorithm is shown to achieve performance comparable to that of the tested classical path planners whilst being more robust to deploy in dynamical environments.
description: Published in IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering (2023). 17 pages, 18 figures
Gaseous reactions produced by high frequency discharges : effects due to variations in frequency
Creators: name: Swearingen, Judson S.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1933
Subjects: subject: Gaseous reactions
subject: High frequency discharges
subject: Frequency variation effects
subject: Electron bombardment methods
subject: Discharge current frequency
subject: Carbon dioxide
subject: Ammonia
subject: Water vapor
subject: Ion bombardment
subject: Chemical decomposition
subject: Micro analysis apparatus
subject: Reagent preparation
subject: Electron bombardment conductivity
subject: Electric discharges
subject: Decomposition (Chemistry)
subject: Ion bombardment
subject: Carbon dioxide
subject: Ammonia
subject: Reaction mechanisms (Chemistry)

description: A method is described for producing an intense electron bombardment the same as that found in the glow discharge but without ion bombardments. This is done by controlling the frequency of the discharge current. Results are given for its effect upon carbon dioxide, ammonia and water vapor. Carbon dioxide came to equilibrium at a point where it was 80 percent decomposed. Ammonia was completely decomposed. Water vapor decomposition varied with the intensity of the discharge. 20 percent decomposition was attained. The effect of the change of frequency upon the course of the reaction is given. It is shown that the onset of any change due to the bombardments by ions as the frequency is lowered should be gradual. The change was found to be sudden, however. No theory is advance for this. A convenient apparatus for rapid running of micro analyses is described. The preparation of several reagents for use in this device is given
Gravity Waves from Quantum Stress Tensor Fluctuations in Inflation
Creators: name: Wu, Chun-Hsien
name: Hsiang, Jen-Tsung
name: Ford, L. H.
name: Ng, Kin-Wang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the effects of the quantum stress tensor fluctuations of a conformal field in generating gravity waves in inflationary models. We find a non-scale invariant, non-Gaussian contribution which depends upon the total expansion factor between an initial time and the end of inflation. This spectrum of gravity wave perturbations is an illustration of a negative power spectrum, which is possible in quantum field theory. We discuss possible choices for the initial conditions. If the initial time is taken to be sufficiently early, the fluctuating gravity waves are potentially observable both in the CMB radiation and in gravity wave detectors, and could offer a probe of transplanckian physics. The fact that they have not yet been observed might be used to constrain the duration and energy scale of inflation.
description: 17 -pages, no figures
Maximal univalent disks of real rational functions and Hermite-Biehler polynomials
Creators: name: Kostov, V.
name: Shapiro, B.
name: Tyaglov, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26C05, 30C15

description: The well-known Hermite-Biehler theorem claims that a univariate monic polynomial s of degree k has all roots in the open upper half-plane if and only if s=p+iq where p and q are real polynomials of degree k and k-1 resp. with all real, simple and interlacing roots, and q has a negative leading coefficient. Considering roots of p as cyclically ordered on RP^1 we show that the open disk in CP^1 having a pair of consecutive roots of p as its diameter is the maximal univalent disk for the function R=\frac{q}{p}. This solves a special case of the so-called Hermite-Biehler problem.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Geology of Cumberland Gap National Historical Park
Creators: name: Crawford, Matthew M.
name: Hunsberger, Hanna
Publisher: name: Kentucky Geological Survey, University of Kentucky
Year: 2011

description: Abstract:
Cumberland Gap National Historical Park is located in parts of Kentucky, Virginia, and Tennessee. The park was authorized by President Franklin Roosevelt on June 11, 1940, and is now the largest historical park in the National Park System. It contains 24,000 acres along Cumberland Mountain near Ewing, Va., proceeding southwest toward Fern Lake in Tennessee, a distance of approximately 20 miles. The average width of the park is only 1.6 miles.
The park hosts a distinctive range of geologic processes and features. Unique structural geology, caves and karst, surface and groundwater erosion, and mass wasting are just a few of the processes that shape the scenic landscape of the park. This publication illustrates the relationship between the geology of Cumberland Gap and the historical and cultural issues that are important to the park and its visitors. It is intended for park visitors, educators, park staff, and anyone interested in the geology of Cumberland Gap National Historical Park. It was produced using digital geologic mapping and geographic information system technology, which also help the National Park Service with resource management and meeting federal mandates, while also providing informative perspectives that are valuable to all citizens who enjoy national parks. For more information, please visit the Cumberland Gap National Historical Park Web site at www.nps.gov/cuga. To obtain digital geologic and other GIS data, visit the National Park Service Data Portal at nrinfo.nps.govtReference.mvc/Search.
Copyright: © 2011, University of Kentucky, Kentucky Geological Survey
Development of Mobile Laboratory for Viral Hemorrhagic Fever Detection in Africa
Creators: name: Weidmann, Manfred
name: Faye, Ousmane
name: Faye, Oumar
name: Abd El Wahed, Ahmed
name: Patel, Pranav
name: Batejat, Christophe
name: Manugerra, Jean Claude
name: Adjami, Aimee
name: Niedrig, Matthias
name: Hufert, Frank T.
name: Sall, Amadou A.
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Ebola virus disease
subject: laboratory suitcase
subject: mobile laboratory
subject: point of care
subject: viral hemorragic fever virus
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background A mobile laboratory transportable on commercial flights was developed to enable local response to viral hemorrhagic fever outbreaks. Methods The development progressed from use of mobile real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction to mobile real-time recombinase polymerase amplification. In this study, we describe various stages of the mobile laboratory development. Results A brief overview of mobile laboratory deployments, which culminated in the first on-site detection of Ebola virus disease (EVD) in March 2014, and their successful use in a campaign to roll back EVD cases in Conakry in the West Africa Ebola virus outbreak are described. Conclusions The developed mobile laboratory successfully enabled local teams to perform rapid disgnostic testing for viral hemorrhagic fever.
Power-law Distributions in Information Science - Making the Case for Logarithmic Binning
Creators: name: Milojević, Staša
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We suggest partial logarithmic binning as the method of choice for uncovering the nature of many distributions encountered in information science (IS). Logarithmic binning retrieves information and trends "not visible" in noisy power-law tails. We also argue that obtaining the exponent from logarithmically binned data using a simple least square method is in some cases warranted in addition to methods such as the maximum likelihood. We also show why often used cumulative distributions can make it difficult to distinguish noise from genuine features, and make it difficult to obtain an accurate power-law exponent of the underlying distribution. The treatment is non-technical, aimed at IS researchers with little or no background in mathematics.
description: Accepted for publication in JASIST
Supporting the self-determination of mentors and mentees in a cross-age peer mentoring program
Creators: name: Dantzer, Benjamin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: During late childhood and early adolescence, the peer context becomes increasingly important as peer friendships manifest themselves as important sources of self-esteem and well-being (Parker et al., 2006). Research has shown that close peer friendships can protect students against peer victimization, poor academic achievement, low self-worth, and experiences of negative affect (Gest, Welsh, & Domitrovich, 2005; Furrer & Skinner, 2003; Fenzel, 2000; Parker et al., 2006). Cross-age peer mentoring programs, where older students mentor their younger peers, provide rich opportunities for participants to form healthy relationships with their peers (Karcher, 2005). This study applied Relationships Motivation Theory (RMT; Ryan & Deci, 2017), one of Self-Determination Theory's (SDT; Ryan & Deci, 2017) most recent "mini-theories", to the cross-age peer mentoring process. RMT was explored for its usefulness to prepare high-school mentors to support the three Basic Psychological Needs (BPN's) (autonomy, belonging, and competence) of mentees and investigate the potentially reciprocal benefits high-school students experience through mentoring. Ten students (ages 7-18) were recruited from an after-school program to participate in this study. A descriptive multiple-case study design was used to understand participants' experiences. Data include participant-created documents, audio recordings of dyadic interactions, a 9-item self-report questionnaire, and exit interviews. Descriptive statistics and a combination of Provisional and In-Vivo coding (Saldana, 2009) were used to analyze data. On average, mentors demonstrated an ability to use language and practices associated with BPN satisfaction, even though various challenges were highlighted. Mentees reported the greatest satisfaction of their belonging. Mentors reported the greatest satisfaction of their autonomy and competence. All participants reported feelings of happiness and satisfaction within their mentoring relationships and most often attributed these feelings to a sense of competence.
One-pot three-component synthesis of a new series of tetrahydrobenzofuran-chromone conjugates
Creators: name: Teimouri, Mohammad Bagher
name: Yousefi, Samira
name: Meydani, Ali
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: An efficient one-pot three-component protocol for the synthesis of novel tetrahydrobenzofuran-chromone conjugates using 3-formylchromones and 1,3-cyclohexandiones in the presence of a variety of alkyl or aryl isocyanides was developed. The reaction sequence consists of an initial Knoevenagel condensation of aromatic aldehydes with 1,3-cyclohexandione derivatives, followed by a [4 + 1] cycloaddition of with isocyanides, and then imine-enamine tautomerization to afford the products.