cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Elastic scattering of Airy electron packets on atoms
Creators: name: Grosman, D.
name: Sheremet, N.
name: Pavlov, I.
name: Karlovets, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of elastic scattering of electron Airy beams on potential fields is considered for a hydrogen atom in the ground state and for Yukawa potential. It is demonstrated that the angular dependence of the scattering probability density is in general azimuthally asymmetric. When the position of the atom happens to coincide with one the minima of the probability density of the Airy beam the asymmetric pattern is represented by four separated peaks. We show that this behaviour is very sensitive to the precision with which the relative position of the atom and the minima is defined and study how uncertainty in the position measured in terms of the transverse size of the wave-packet affects observation of azimuthal asymmetry. Finally, we consider a spatially localized target and discuss the difficulties of observing the azimuthal asymmetry for targets with sizes that exceed the critical value determined by the beam parameters and the position of the target center.
description: 10 pages, 7 figiures
Ubiquitous strong electron phonon coupling at the interface of FeSe/SrTiO3
Creators: name: Zhang, Chaofan
name: Liu, Zhongkai
name: Chen, Zhuoyu
name: Xie, Yanwu
name: He, Ruihua
name: Tang, Shujie
name: He, Junfeng
name: Li, Wei
name: Jia, Tao
name: Rebec, Slavko. N.
name: Ma, Eric Yue
name: Yan, Hao
name: Hashimoto, Makoto
name: Lu, Donghui
name: Mo, Sung-Kwan
name: Hikita, Yasuyuki
name: Moore, Robert G.
name: Hwang, Harold Y.
name: Lee, Dunghai
name: Shen, Zhixun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high temperature superconductivity in single-unit-cell (1UC) FeSe on SrTiO3 (STO)(001) and the observation of replica bands by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) have led to the conjecture that the coupling between FeSe electron and the STO phonon is responsible for the enhancement of Tc over other FeSe-based superconductors1,2. However the recent observation of a similar superconducting gap in FeSe grown on the (110) surface of STO raises the question of whether a similar mechanism applies3,4. Here we report the ARPES study of the electronic structure of FeSe grown on STO(110). Similar to the results in FeSe/STO(001), clear replica bands are observed. We also present a comparative study of STO (001) and STO(110) bare surfaces, where photo doping generates metallic surface states. Similar replica bands separating from the main band by approximately the same energy are observed, indicating this coupling is a generic feature of the STO surfaces and interfaces. Our findings suggest that the large superconducting gaps observed in FeSe films grown on two different STO surface terminations are likely enhanced by a common coupling between FeSe electrons and STO phonons.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Improved time integration for phase-field crystal models of solidification
Creators: name: Punke, Maik
name: Wise, Steven M.
name: Voigt, Axel
name: Salvalaglio, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We optimize a numerical time-stabilization routine for the phase-field crystal (PFC) models of solidification. By numerical experiments, we showcase that our approach can improve the accuracy of underlying time integration schemes by a few orders of magnitude. We investigate different time integration schemes. Moreover, as a prototypical example for applications, we extend our numerical approach to a PFC model of solidification with an explicit temperature coupling.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Colors of barlenses: evidence for connecting them to boxy/peanut bulges
Creators: name: Endoqui, M. Herrera
name: Salo, H.
name: Laurikainen, E.
name: Knapen, J. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the colors and orientations of structures in low and intermediate inclination barred galaxies. We test the hypothesis that barlenses, roundish central components embedded in bars, could form a part of the bar in a similar manner to boxy/peanut bulges in the edge-on view. A sample of 79 barlens galaxies was selected from the S$^4$G and the NIRS0S surveys. The sizes, ellipticities, and orientations of barlenses were measured and used to define the barlens regions in the color measurements. The orientations of barlenses were studied with respect to those of the "thin bars" and the line-of-nodes of the disks. For 47 galaxies color maps were constructed using the SDSS images in five optical bands, u, g, r, i, and z. Colors of bars, barlenses, disks, and central regions of the galaxies were measured using two different approaches and color-color diagrams sensitive to metallicity, stellar surface gravity, and short lived stars were constructed. Color differences between the structure components were calculated for each individual galaxy, and presented in histogram form. We find that the colors of barlenses are very similar to those of the surrounding bars, indicating that most probably they form part of the bar. We also find that barlenses have orientations closer to the disk line-of-nodes than to the thin bars, which is consistent with the idea that they are vertically thick, in a similar manner as the boxy/peanut structures in more inclined galaxies. Typically, the colors of barlenses are similar to those of normal E/S0 galaxies. Galaxy by galaxy studies show that in spiral galaxies very dusty barlenses also exist, along with barlenses with rejuvenated stellar populations. The central regions of galaxies are found to be on average redder than bars or barlenses, although galaxies with bluer central peaks also exist.
description: 24 pages, 10 figures, 3 appendices. Accepted for publication in A&A
NUV signatures of environment driven galaxy quenching in SDSS groups
Creators: name: Crossett, Jacob P.
name: Pimbblet, Kevin A.
name: Jones, D. Heath
name: Brown, Michael J. I.
name: Stott, John P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the effect of group environment on residual star formation in galaxies, using Galex NUV galaxy photometry with the SDSS group catalogue of Yang et al. (2007). We compared the (NUV $- r$) colours of grouped and non-grouped galaxies, and find a significant increase in the fraction of red sequence galaxies with blue (NUV $- r$) colours outside of groups. When comparing galaxies in mass matched samples of satellite (non-central), and non-grouped galaxies, we found a > 4σ difference in the distribution of (NUV $- r$) colours, and an (NUV $- r$) blue fraction $> 3σ$ higher outside groups. A comparison of satellite and non-grouped samples has found the NUV fraction is a factor of $\sim2$ lower for satellite galaxies between $10^{10.5}M_{\bigodot}$ and $10^{10.7}M_{\bigodot}$, showing that higher mass galaxies are more able to form stars when not influenced by a group potential. There was a higher (NUV $- r$) blue fraction of galaxies with lower Sersic indices (n < 3) outside of groups, not seen in the satellite sample. We have used stellar population models of Bruzual & Charlot (2003) with multiple burst, or exponentially declining star formation histories to find that many of the (NUV $- r$) blue non-grouped galaxies can be explained by a slow ($\sim 2$ Gyr) decay of star formation, compared to the satellite galaxies. We suggest that taken together, the difference in (NUV $- r$) colours between samples can be explained by a population of secularly evolving, non-grouped galaxies, where star formation declines slowly. This slow channel is less prevalent in group environments where more rapid quenching can occur.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
AIO-P: Expanding Neural Performance Predictors Beyond Image Classification
Creators: name: Mills, Keith G.
name: Niu, Di
name: Salameh, Mohammad
name: Qiu, Weichen
name: Han, Fred X.
name: Liu, Puyuan
name: Zhang, Jialin
name: Lu, Wei
name: Jui, Shangling
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Evaluating neural network performance is critical to deep neural network design but a costly procedure. Neural predictors provide an efficient solution by treating architectures as samples and learning to estimate their performance on a given task. However, existing predictors are task-dependent, predominantly estimating neural network performance on image classification benchmarks. They are also search-space dependent; each predictor is designed to make predictions for a specific architecture search space with predefined topologies and set of operations. In this paper, we propose a novel All-in-One Predictor (AIO-P), which aims to pretrain neural predictors on architecture examples from multiple, separate computer vision (CV) task domains and multiple architecture spaces, and then transfer to unseen downstream CV tasks or neural architectures. We describe our proposed techniques for general graph representation, efficient predictor pretraining and knowledge infusion techniques, as well as methods to transfer to downstream tasks/spaces. Extensive experimental results show that AIO-P can achieve Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Spearman's Rank Correlation (SRCC) below 1% and above 0.5, respectively, on a breadth of target downstream CV tasks with or without fine-tuning, outperforming a number of baselines. Moreover, AIO-P can directly transfer to new architectures not seen during training, accurately rank them and serve as an effective performance estimator when paired with an algorithm designed to preserve performance while reducing FLOPs.
description: AAAI 2023 Oral Presentation; version includes supplementary material; 16 Pages, 4 Figures, 22 Tables
Vulcan and anomalous displacement of Mercury's perihelion
Creators: name: Pogossian, S. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, I re-examine the question of a possible explanation of the anomalous advance of Mercury's perihelion by the existence of the hypothetical planet Vulcan proposed by Le Verrier, whose orbit would be located inside the orbit of Mercury. My calculations are focused on the optimization of the orbital parameters of Vulcan in order to explain precisely the anomalous advance of Mercury's perihelion. To reach this goal, I used recent experimental results concerning the observations of the intra-mercurian zone. My calculations establish the direct relation of the anomalous advance of Mercury's perihelion with the mass of Vulcan and its distance to Mercury.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure, 4 tables, 26 references
Supernova 2020wnt: An Atypical Superluminous Supernova with a Hidden Central Engine
Creators: name: Tinyanont, Samaporn
name: Woosley, Stan E.
name: Taggart, Kirsty
name: Foley, Ryan J.
name: Yan, Lin
name: Lunnan, Ragnhild
name: Davis, Kyle W.
name: Kilpatrick, Charles D.
name: Siebert, Matthew R.
name: Schulze, Steve
name: Ashall, Chris
name: Chen, Ting-Wan
name: De, Kishalay
name: Dimitriadis, Georgios
name: Dong, Dillon Z.
name: Fremling, Christoffer
name: Gagliano, Alexander
name: Jha, Saurabh W.
name: Jones, David O.
name: Kasliwal, Mansi M.
name: Miao, Hao-Yu
name: Pan, Yen-Chen
name: Perley, Daniel A.
name: Ravi, Vikram
name: Rojas-Bravo, César
name: Sfaradi, Itai
name: Sollerman, Jesper
name: Alarcon, Vanessa
name: Angulo, Rodrigo
name: Clever, Karoli E.
name: Crawford, Payton
name: Couch, Cirilla
name: Dandu, Srujan
name: Dhara, Atirath
name: Johnson, Jessica
name: Lai, Zhisen
name: Smith, Carli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observations of a peculiar hydrogen- and helium-poor stripped-envelope (SE) supernova (SN) 2020wnt, primarily in the optical and near-infrared (near-IR). Its peak absolute bolometric magnitude of -20.9 mag and a rise time of 69~days are reminiscent of hydrogen-poor superluminous SNe (SLSNe~I), luminous transients potentially powered by spinning-down magnetars. Before the main peak, there is a brief peak lasting <10 days post-explosion, likely caused by interaction with circumstellar medium (CSM) ejected ~years before the SN explosion. The optical spectra near peak lack a hot continuum and OII absorptions, which are signs of heating from a central engine; they quantitatively resemble those of radioactivity-powered H/He-poor Type Ic SESNe. At ~1 year after peak, nebular spectra reveal a blue pseudo-continuum and narrow OI recombination lines associated with magnetar heating. Radio observations rule out strong CSM interactions as the dominant energy source at +266 days post peak. Near-IR observations at +200-300 day reveal carbon monoxide and dust formation, which causes a dramatic optical light curve dip. Pair-instability explosion models predict slow light curve and spectral features incompatible with observations. SN 2020wnt is best explained as a magnetar-powered core-collapse explosion of a 28 Msun pre-SN star. The explosion kinetic energy is significantly larger than the magnetar energy at peak, effectively concealing the magnetar-heated inner ejecta until well after peak. SN 2020wnt falls into a continuum between normal SNe Ic and SLSNe I and demonstrates that optical spectra at peak alone cannot rule out the presence of a central engine.
description: Submitted to ApJ
Modulation and Signal Processing for LEO-LEO Optical Inter-satellite Links
Creators: name: Vieira, I. P.
name: Pita, T. C.
name: Mello, D. A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We investigate key aspects of coherent optical communications on inter-satellite links (ISLs) for the next-generation ultra-dense low-Earth orbit (LEO) constellations. Initially, the suitability of QPSK, 8-QAM, and 16-QAM modulation formats with different symbol rates (28 GBaud, 60 GBaud, and 120 GBaud) and channel coding schemes (oFEC and staircase codes) for intra- and interorbital connections is evaluated. We provide SNR margins for all investigated sets and determine unfeasible operating points. We show that sets with higher-order modulation formats combined with high symbol rates can prove unfeasible, even for first-neighbor connections. Furthermore, the presence or absence of optical pre-amplification as well as the choice for a more robust channel coding technique, such as the oFEC, can be decisive in certain LEO-LEO links. Next, we characterize the Doppler shift (DS) and its time derivative for first-neighbor interorbital connections in two different topologies and for general connections established between any pairs of satellites. Our results reveal that while the maximum Doppler-generated frequency shift amplitude can be considerably higher than those typically found in fiber-optic communications, the time derivative values are significantly lower. Finally, we address all-digital DS compensation in extreme cases of frequency offset amplitude and derivative where the typical Mth-power algorithm is not sufficient. To this end, we propose a filtered version of an existing two-stage method combining spectral shifts with the Mth-power method. The simulation results indicate that this approach provides an appropriate solution for all examined cases.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, 6 tables
Pathophysiological Domains Underlying the Metabolic Syndrome: An Alternative Factor Analytic Strategy
Creators: name: Peeters, Carel F. W.
name: Dziura, James
name: van Wesel, Floryt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Purpose: Factor analysis (FA) has become part and parcel in metabolic syndrome (MBS) research. Both exploration- and confirmation-driven factor analyzes are rampant. However, factor analytic results on MBS differ widely. A situation that is at least in part attributable to misapplication of FA. Here, our purpose is (i) to review factor analytic efforts in the study of MBS with emphasis on misusage of the FA model and (ii) to propose an alternative factor analytic strategy. Methods: The proposed factor analytic strategy consists of four steps and confronts weaknesses in application of the FA model. At its heart lies the explicit separation of dimensionality and pattern selection as well as the direct evaluation of competing inequality-constrained loading patterns. A high-profile MBS data set with anthropometric measurements on overweight children and adolescents is reanalyzed using this strategy. Results: The reanalysis implied a more parsimonious constellation of pathophysiological domains underlying phenotypic expressions of MBS than the original analysis (and many other analyzes). The results emphasize correlated factors of impaired glucose metabolism and impaired lipid metabolism. Conclusions: Pathophysiological domains underlying phenotypic expressions of MBS included in the analysis are driven by multiple interrelated metabolic impairments. These findings indirectly point to the possible existence of a multifactorial aetiology.
description: Postprint, 41 pages, includes supplementary material
Towards hybrid circuit quantum electrodynamics with quantum dots
Creators: name: Viennot, J. J.
name: Delbecq, M. R.
name: Bruhat, L. E.
name: Dartiailh, M. C.
name: Desjardins, M.
name: Baillergeau, M.
name: Cottet, A.
name: Kontos, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cavity quantum electrodynamics allows one to study the interaction between light and matter at the most elementary level. The methods developed in this field have taught us how to probe and manipulate individual quantum systems like atoms and superconducting quantum bits with an exquisite accuracy. There is now a strong effort to extend further these methods to other quantum systems, and in particular hybrid quantum dot circuits. This could turn out to be instrumental for a noninvasive study of quantum dot circuits and a realization of scalable spin quantum bit architectures. It could also provide an interesting platform for quantum simulation of simple fermion-boson condensed matter systems. In this short review, we discuss the experimental state of the art for hybrid circuit quantum electrodynamics with quantum dots, and we present a simple theoretical modeling of experiments.
description: Minor differences with published version
Electromagnetic polarization controlled perfect switching effect with high refractive index dimers. the beam-splitter configuration
Creators: name: Barreda, Angela I.
name: Saleh, Hassan
name: Litman, Amelie
name: Gonzalez, Francisco
name: Geffrin, Jean-Michel
name: Moreno, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High Refractive Index (HRI) dielectric particles smaller than the wavelength, isolated or forming a designed ensemble are ideal candidates as new multifunctional elements for building optical devices. Their directionality effects are traditionally analyzed through forward and backward measurements, even if these directions are not suitable for practical purposes. Here we present unambiguous experimental evidence in the microwave range that, for a dimer of HRI spherical particles, a perfect switching effect (perfect means off = null intensity) is observed out of those directions as a consequence of the mutual particle electric/magnetic interaction. The binary state depends on the excitation polarization (polarization switching). Its analysis is performed through the linear polarization degree of scattered radiation at a detection direction perpendicular to the incident direction: the beam-splitter configuration. The scaling property of Maxwell equations allows generalizing our results to other frequency range and dimension scales, for instance, the visible and the nanometric scale.
Temperature-dependent spin-lattice relaxation of the nitrogen-vacancy spin triplet in diamond
Creators: name: Cambria, M. C.
name: Norambuena, A.
name: Dinani, H. T.
name: Thiering, G.
name: Gardill, A.
name: Kemeny, I.
name: Li, Y.
name: Lordi, V.
name: Gali, A.
name: Maze, J. R.
name: Kolkowitz, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-lattice relaxation within the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center's electronic ground-state spin triplet limits its coherence times, and thereby impacts its performance in quantum applications. We report measurements of the relaxation rates on the NV center's $|m_{s}=0\rangle \leftrightarrow |m_{s}=\pm 1\rangle$ and $|m_{s}=-1\rangle \leftrightarrow |m_{s}=+1\rangle$ transitions as a function of temperature from 9 to 474 K in high-purity samples. We show that the temperature dependencies of the rates are reproduced by an ab initio theory of Raman scattering due to second-order spin-phonon interactions, and we discuss the applicability of the theory to other spin systems. Using a novel analytical model based on these results, we suggest that the high-temperature behavior of NV spin-lattice relaxation is dominated by interactions with two groups of quasilocalized phonons centered at 68.2(17) and 167(12) meV.
description: Main text: 7 pages, 4 figures, 44 references. Supplement: 14 pages, 11 figures, 4 tables, 25 references. Revised version v2 includes changes to improve clarity
Signals of Two Universal Extra Dimensions at the LHC
Creators: name: Burdman, G.
name: Eboli, O. J. P.
name: Spehler, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extensions of the standard model with universal extra dimensions are interesting both as phenomenological templates as well as model-building fertile ground. For instance, they are one the prototypes for theories exhibiting compressed spectra, leading to difficult searches at the LHC since the decay products of new states are soft and immersed in a large standard model background. Here we study the phenomenology at the LHC of theories with two universal extra dimensions. We obtain the current bound by using the production of second level excitations of electroweak gauge bosons decaying to a pair of leptons and study the reach of the LHC Run~II in this channel. We also introduce a new channel originating in higher dimensional operators and resulting in the single production of a second level quark excitation. Its subsequent decay into a hard jet and lepton pair resonance would allow the identification of a more model-specific process, unlike the more generic vector resonance signal. We show that the sensitivity of this channel to the compactification scale is very similar to the one obtained using the vector resonance.
description: 11 pages and 6 figures
Appraisal of Government Records: A Study About How Archivists, Records Managers, and Employees Appraise Archival Value and Business Value
Creators: name: Vanden Bosch, Erica
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2022

description: This thesis explores the appraisal of federal government records in Canada. It explores how archivists, records managers, and employees contribute to the appraisal of government records. It also identifies strategies and criteria used to appraise records for business value and archival value. It adopts a qualitative research approach and uses semi-structured interviews, cognitive inquiry (i.e. think aloud) exercises, and document analysis to inform its findings. An interpretation of the findings suggests the appraisal of government records involves three interconnected layers: microappraisal (i.e. appraisal at the record level), mesoappraisal (i.e. appraisal at the series level), and macroappraisal (i.e. appraisal at the archives level). It concludes that effective appraisal relies on all three levels.
On the LISA science performance in observations of short-lived signals from massive black hole binary coalescences
Creators: name: Pratten, Geraint
name: Klein, Antoine
name: Moore, Christopher J.
name: Middleton, Hannah
name: Steinle, Nathan
name: Schmidt, Patricia
name: Vecchio, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observation of massive black hole binary systems is one of the main science objectives of the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). The instrument's design requirements have recently been revised: they set a requirement at $0.1\,\mathrm{mHz}$, with no additional explicit requirements at lower frequencies. This has implications for observations of the short-lived signals produced by the coalescence of massive and high-redshift binaries. Here we consider the most pessimistic scenario: the (unlikely) case in which LISA has no sensitivity below $0.1\,\mathrm{mHz}$. We show that the presence of higher multipoles (beyond the dominant $\ell = |m| = 2$ mode) in the gravitational radiation from these systems, which will be detectable with a total signal-to-noise ratio $\sim 10^3$, allows LISA to retain the capability to accurately measure the physical parameters, the redshift, and to constrain the sky location. To illustrate this point, we consider a few select binaries in a total (redshifted) mass range of $4 \times10^6 - 4 \times 10^7\,M_\odot$ whose ($\ell = |m| = 2$) gravitational-wave signals last between $\approx 12$ hours and $\approx 20$ days in band. We model the emitted gravitational radiation using the highly accurate (spin-aligned) waveform approximant IMRPhenomXHM and carry out a fully coherent Bayesian analysis on the LISA noise-orthogonal time-delay-interferometry channels.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, comments welcome!
Elastic fingering in a rotating Hele-Shaw cell
Creators: name: Foster, Benjamin
name: Knobloch, Edgar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the steady-state fingering instability of an elastic membrane separating two fluids of different density under external pressure in a rotating Hele-Shaw cell. Both inextensible and highly extensible membranes are considered, and the role of membrane tension is detailed in each case. Both systems exhibit a centrifugally-driven Rayleigh-Taylor--like instability when the density of the inner fluid exceeds that of the outer one, and this instability competes with the restoring forces arising from curvature and tension, thereby setting the finger scale. Numerical continuation is used to compute not only strongly nonlinear primary finger states up to the point of self-contact but also secondary branches of mixed modes and circumferentially localized folds as a function of the rotation rate and the externally imposed pressure. Both reflection-symmetric and symmetry-broken chiral states are computed. The results are presented in the form of bifurcation diagrams. The ratio of system scale to the natural length scale is found to determine the ordering of the primary bifurcations from the unperturbed circle state as well as the solution profiles and onset of secondary bifurcations.
Quantum kinetic theory of nonlinear thermal current
Creators: name: Varshney, Harsh
name: Das, Kamal
name: Bhalla, Pankaj
name: Agarwal, Amit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the second-order nonlinear electronic thermal transport induced by temperature gradient. We develop the quantum kinetic theory framework to describe thermal transport in presence of a temperature gradient. Using this, we predict an intrinsic scattering time independent nonlinear thermal current in addition to the known extrinsic nonlinear Drude and Berry curvature dipole contributions. We show that the intrinsic thermal current is determined by the band geometric quantities and is non-zero only in systems where both the space inversion and time-reversal symmetries are broken. We employ the developed theory to study the thermal response in tilted massive Dirac systems. We show that besides the different scattering time dependence, the various current contributions have distinct temperature dependence in the low temperature limit. Our systematic and comprehensive theory for nonlinear thermal transport paves the way for future theoretical and experimental studies on intrinsic thermal responses.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures; Revised and updated version
Transcendental extensions of a valuation domain of rank one
Creators: name: Peruginelli, Giulio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16W60 (Primary), 13J10, 13B25, 13F20 (Secondary)

description: Let $V$ be a valuation domain of rank one and quotient field $K$. Let $\overline{\hat{K}}$ be a fixed algebraic closure of the $v$-adic completion $\hat K$ of $K$ and let $\overline{\hat{V}}$ be the integral closure of $\hat V$ in $\overline{\hat{K}}$. We describe a relevant class of valuation domains $W$ of the field of rational functions $K(X)$ which lie over $V$, which are indexed by the elements $α\in\overline{\hat{K}}\cup\{\infty\}$, namely, $W=W_α=\{φ\in K(X) \mid φ(α)\in\overline{\hat{V}}\}$. If $V$ is discrete and $π\in V$ is a uniformizer, then a valuation domain $W$ of $K(X)$ is of this form if and only if the residue field degree $[W/M:V/P]$ is finite and $πW=M^e$, for some $e\geq 1$, where $M$ is the maximal ideal of $W$. In general, for $α,β\in\overline{\hat{K}}$ we have $W_α=W_β$ if and only if $α$ and $β$ are conjugated over $\hat K$. Finally, we show that the set $\mathcal{P}^{\rm irr}$ of irreducible polynomials over $\hat K$ endowed with an ultrametric distance introduced by Krasner is homeomorphic to the space $\{W_α \mid α\in\overline{\hat{K}}\}$ endowed with the Zariski topology.
description: accepted for publication in the Proceedings of the AMS (2016); comments are welcome!
title: Working More for Less: Part-time Penalties Across the Working Hours Distribution?
Creators: name: Günther, Tom
name: Schneider, Ulrich C.
name: Stürmer-Heiber, Fabian
Publisher: name: Hertie School
Year: 2023

description: We use German administrative and survey data to investigate the heterogeneity of part-time penalties in hourly wages and growth rates. Exploiting tax reforms for identification, we find substantial heterogeneity in part-time wage penalties from −28.3% to −7.2% compared to full-time. The heterogeneity in wage growth penalties is less pronounced. Both penalties do not decrease linearly with additional working hours. More weekly working hours might result in a higher hourly wage penalty. The shape of the penalties is driven by workers with non-demanding tasks and professions where working around 30 weekly hours is uncommon, and relatively many females work.
The numerical solutions to partial differential equations using fractals.
Creators: name: Karve, Prachi
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2022

description: The goal of this work is to construct and use continuous fractal functions to find a numerical solution of partial differential equations in one dimension. We focus on univariate, R-valued, continuous fractal functions defined on interval [0,1]. These fractal functions provide more flexibility for approximation and interpolation. They are used as interpolation functions in the concept of hierarchical basis in the finite element method. Based on a continuous Read-Bajraktarevic operator defined on a space of bounded continuous functions, a fractal bubble is initially constructed on the interval [0,1]. Further, linear nodal basis functions defined on the interval [0,1] are expressed as fixed points of an iterated function system. Consequently, they are established as continuous fractal functions. Thus, a hierarchical fractal basis is constructed on the interval [0,1], consisting of three shape functions: two linear nodal basis functions and a hierarchical element namely, the fractal bubble. The nodal basis functions ensure the continuity at connecting nodes while the fractal bubble yields an additional degree of freedom without increasing the numbers of nodes in a mesh. Subsequently, a finite element mesh is constructed by discretizing the interval [0,1] in 2^n elements. The hierarchical fractal basis on a finite element mesh is then obtained by translating and dilating the three hierarchical basis functions. This basis defined on the finite element mesh spans the space of fractal functions and is used as a finite element space. This space has a direct sum hierarchical decomposition into a space of piecewise linear nodal basis functions and a space of piecewise fractal functions which are zero at the nodes. Subsequently, to set up element matrices in a finite element model, the fractal functions are integrated explicitly using the self-similarity property. However, a trapezoidal rule is used for numerical integration of fractal functions where the explicit integration of fractal functions is unattainable. As an illustration, a numerical solution to the Poisson equation with homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions is found. A numerical error is computed in L^2 norm. Bound of an interpolation error in L^2 norm and H^1 seminorm is established theoretically. A python code is used for generating the fractal bubble from an iterated function system and for the computational purpose to find an approximate solution to the Poisson equation in one dimension.
Optimization of periodic single-photon sources based on combined multiplexing
Creators: name: Bodog, Ferenc
name: Adam, Peter
name: Mechler, Matyas
name: Santa, Imre
name: Koniorczyk, Matyas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider periodic single-photon sources with combined multiplexing in which the outputs of several time-multiplexed sources are spatially multiplexed. We give a full statistical description of such systems in order to optimize them with respect to maximal single-photon probability. We carry out the optimization for a particular scenario which can be realized in bulk optics and its expected performance is potentially the best at the present state of the art. We find that combined multiplexing outperforms purely spatially or time multiplexed sources for certain parameters only, and we characterize these cases. Combined multiplexing can have the advantages of possibly using less nonlinear sources, achieving higher repetition rates, and the potential applicability for continuous pumping. We estimate an achievable single-photon probability between 85% and 89%.
description: 11 pages, 6 figure
Candidate Elastic Quantum Critical Point in LaCu$_{6-x}$Au$_x$
Creators: name: Poudel, L.
name: May, A. F.
name: Koehler, M. R.
name: McGuire, M. A.
name: Mukhopadhyay, S.
name: Calder, S.
name: Baumbach, R. E.
name: Mukherjee, R.
name: Sapkota, D.
name: de la Cruz, C.
name: Singh, D. J.
name: Mandrus, D.
name: Christianson, A. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structural properties of LaCu$_{6-x}$Au$_x$ have been studied using neutron diffraction, x-ray diffraction, and heat capacity measurements. The continuous orthorhombic-monoclinic structural phase transition in LaCu$_{6}$ is suppressed linearly with Au substitution until a complete suppression of the structural phase transition occurs at the critical composition, $x_{c}$ = 0.3. Heat capacity measurements at low temperatures indicate residual structural instability at $x_c$ that extends well into the orthorhombic phase. The instability is ferroelastic in nature, with density functional theory (DFT) calculations showing negligible coupling to electronic states near the Fermi level. The data and calculations presented here are consistent with the zero temperature termination of a continuous structural phase transition suggesting that the LaCu$_{6-x}$Au$_x$ series hosts an elastic quantum critical point.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures
Hypercontractive inequalities for weighted Bergman spaces
Creators: name: Melentijević, Petar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 30H20, Secondary 30H05

description: \begin{abstract} We obtain sharp $L^p\rightarrow L^q$ hypercontractive inequalities for the weighted Bergman spaces on the unit disk $\mathbb{D}$ with the usual weights \\ $\frac{α-1}π(1-|z|^2)^{α-2},α>1$ for $q\geq 2,$ thus solving an interesting case of a problem from \cite{JANSON}. We also give some estimates for $0
description: 5 pages; accepted for publication in Bulletin of London Mathematical Society
Thermal and magnetic phase transition properties of a binary alloy spherical nanoparticle: A Monte Carlo simulation study
Creators: name: Vatansever, Z. D.
name: Vatansever, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used the Monte Carlo (MC) simulation method with Metropolis algorithm to study the finite temperature phase transition properties of a binary alloy spherical nanoparticle with radius $r$ of the type $A_{p}B_{1-p}$. The system consists of two different species of magnetic components, namely, $A$ and $B$, and the components of the system have been selected $A$ and $B$ to be as $σ= 1/2$ and $S=1$, respectively. A complete picture of phase diagrams, total magnetizations and susceptibilities in related planes have been presented, and the main roles of the radius of nanoparticle, active concentration value of type-$A$ atoms as well as other system parameters on the thermal and magnetic phase transition features of the considered system have been discussed in detail. Our MC investigations clearly show that it is possible to control the critical characteristic behaviors of the system with the help of adjustable Hamiltonian parameters.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
A NuSTAR and Chandra Investigation of the Misaligned Outflow of PSR J1101-6101 and the Lighthouse Pulsar Wind Nebula
Creators: name: Klingler, Noel
name: Hare, Jeremy
name: Kargaltsev, Oleg
name: Pavlov, George G.
name: Tomsick, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: PSR J1101-6101 is an energetic young pulsar which powers the remarkable Lighthouse pulsar wind nebula (PWN). The pulsar belongs to the rare type of radio- and gamma-ray-quiet pulsars which are bright in hard X-rays. Moreover, the Lighthouse PWN is remarkable for its misaligned outflow (which gave rise to the PWN's nickname). Also known as "pulsar filaments", these collimated parsec-scale X-ray structures have been recently discovered in the vicinity of a handful of fast-moving pulsars, and appear unaffected by the ram pressure which confines pulsar tails. We report on NuSTAR observations of PSR J1101-6101 and its misaligned outflow -- the first observation of such a structure above ~10 keV. We detect the outflow up to 25 keV, spatially resolve its spectral evolution with distance from the pulsar, find unambiguous evidence of spectral cooling with distance from the pulsar, and infer physical properties of the particles and magnetic field in the outflow. We also reanalzye archival Chandra data and discuss the outflow's small-scale structure. We detect pulsations from PSR J1101-6101 up to 20 keV, present the X-ray pulse profile, confirm its period derivative, and perform phase-resolved spectroscopy. Lastly, we discuss the X-ray source 2CXO J110158.4-605649 = 2XMM J110158.5--605651 (a serendipitously observed blazar) and suggest it may be the X-ray counterpart to the GeV source 4FGL J1102.0--6054.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, ApJ submitted
Search for ultralight dark matter with spectroscopy of radio-frequency atomic transitions
Creators: name: Zhang, Xue
name: Banerjee, Abhishek
name: Leyser, Mahapan
name: Perez, Gilad
name: Schiller, Stephan
name: Budker, Dmitry
name: Antypas, Dionysios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of scalar and pseudoscalar ultralight bosonic dark matter (UBDM) were searched for by comparing the frequency of a quartz oscillator to that of a hyperfine-structure transition in $^{87}$Rb, and an electronic transition in $^{164}$Dy. We constrain linear interactions between a scalar UBDM field and Standard-Model (SM) fields for an underlying UBDM particle mass in the range $1\times10^{-17}-8.3\times10^{-13} $ eV and quadratic interactions between a pseudoscalar UBDM field and SM fields in the range $5\times10^{-18}- 4.1\times10^{-13} $ eV. Within regions of the respective ranges, our constraints on linear interactions significantly improve on results from previous, direct searches for oscillations in atomic parameters, while constraints on quadratic interactions surpass limits imposed by such direct searches as well as by astrophysical observations.
Assessing composition gradients in multifilamentary superconductors by means of magnetometry methods
Creators: name: Baumgartner, T.
name: Hecher, J.
name: Bernardi, J.
name: Pfeiffer, S.
name: Senatore, C.
name: Eisterer, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present two magnetometry-based methods suitable for assessing gradients in the critical temperature and hence the composition of multifilamentary superconductors: AC magnetometry and Scanning Hall Probe Microscopy. The novelty of the former technique lies in the iterative evaluation procedure we developed, whereas the strength of the latter is the direct visualization of the temperature dependent penetration of a magnetic field into the superconductor. Using the example of a PIT Nb3Sn wire, we demonstrate the application of these techniques, and compare the respective results to each other and to EDX measurements of the Sn distribution within the sub-elements of the wire.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures; broken hyperlinks are due to a problem with arXiv
WHIM-hunting through cross-correlation of optical and SZ effect data in the Virgo cluster filaments
Creators: name: Erciyes, Cagri
name: Basu, Kaustuv
name: Kim, Suk
name: Rey, Soo-Chang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. The physical state of most of the baryonic matter in the local universe is unknown, which is commonly referred to as the ``missing baryon problem". It is theorized that at least half of these missing baryons are in a warm-hot, low-density phase outside of the virialized dark-matter halos. Aims. We make an attempt to find the signature of this warm-hot intergalactic medium (WHIM) phase in the filaments of the nearby Virgo cluster by using optical and Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect data. Methods. Specifically, we use a filament-galaxy catalog created from the HyperLeda database and an all-sky Compton-y map extracted from the Planck satellite data for 2-dimensional cross-correlation analysis by applying spherical harmonics transform. Significance test is based on the null-test simulations which exploits advanced cut-sky analysis tools for a proper map reconstruction. To place upper limits on the WHIM density in the Virgo filaments, realistic baryonic density modelling within the cosmic filaments is done based on state-of-the-art hydro-simulations, and it's done within the signal-boosting routine. Results. The cross-correlation signal is found to be too dim compared to the noise level in the Planck y-map. At 3$σ$ confidence level, the upper limit on volume-average WHIM density turns out to be $\left\langle n_e \right\rangle \lt 4\times10^{-4} cm^{-3}$, which is indeed consistent with the WHIM parameter space as predicted from simulations.
description: Currently under the revision process to be published in the journal of Astronomy & Astrophysics
A Formal Calculus for International Relations Computation and Evaluation
Creators: name: Isa, Mohd Anuar Mat
name: Mahmod, Ramlan
name: Udzir, Nur Izura
name: Manan, Jamalul-lail Ab
name: Jøsang, Audun
name: Tanha, Ali Dehghan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This publication presents a relation computation or calculus for international relations using a mathematical modeling. It examined trust for international relations and its calculus, which related to Bayesian inference, Dempster-Shafer theory and subjective logic. Based on an observation in the literature, we found no literature discussing the calculus method for the international relations. To bridge this research gap, we propose a relation algebra method for international relations computation. The proposed method will allow a relation computation which is previously subjective and incomputable. We also present three international relations as case studies to demonstrate the proposed method is a real-world scenario. The method will deliver the relation computation for the international relations that to support decision makers in a government such as foreign ministry, defense ministry, presidential or prime minister office. The Department of Defense (DoD) may use our method to determine a nation that can be identified as a friendly, neutral or hostile nation.
description: keywords: Relation Algebra, International Relations, Defense, Relation Calculus, Foreign Policy, Politics Economy, Dempster-Shafer, Subjective Logic, Common Criteria. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1604.00980