cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Phosphorus and Carbon Capture from Synthetic Municipal Wastewater by Carbonate Apatite Precipitation
Creators: name: Ross, Jessica
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: phosphorus
apatite
circular economy
food security
carbonate
calcium

description: The world’s 7 billion inhabitants depend on chemical fertilizers to meet the growing demand for food. The phosphorus used in fertilizer is sourced from ancient sedimentary deposits of Phosphate Rock (PR), largely in the form of carbonate calcium phosphate, called carbonate apatite, which resembles bone. PR is non-renewable and Canada’s reserves are extremely limited; currently, all 1,400,000 tonnes of phosphorus products used annually are imported. This project investigates a novel method to recycle phosphorus from municipal wastewater in a form that will enable its reuse as a fertilizer, through a reaction with CaCO3 from limestone and waste CO2 (g). This will contribute to the nascent circular nutrient economy within Canada. A review of the current state of phosphorus and nutrient recycling is presented, including a plan for establishing the Canadian Nutrient Platform. A series of inorganic phosphate (PO4-, or Pi) solutions was prepared to simulate the concentrations found in Ottawa’s municipal wastewater, between 2.5-30 mM Pi. These solutions were mixed with CaCO3 solutions that were highly supersaturated through a carbon capture technique. Batch tests successfully reduced the [Pi] and [Ca2+], as measured by colorimetry, and precipitate formed. These results were subsequently repeated in a continuous stirred lab-scale reactor. These precipitation products were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy, Raman Spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction, and carbon coulometry to measure carbonate content. This analysis confirmed the presence of both Pi and CO3 in a bone-like, carbonate apatite. Although other technologies are being explored to recycle phosphorus from wastewater streams, this is the first indication that it may be possible to precipitate a carbonate apatite by mixing two waste streams, municipal waste water and CO2 (g), with cost-effective CaCO3.
Entanglement structure in the volume-law phase of hybrid quantum automaton circuits
Creators: name: Han, Yiqiu
name: Chen, Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study entanglement fluctuations and quantum error correction in the weakly monitored volume-law phase of quantum automaton circuits subject to repeated local measurements. We numerically observe that the entanglement entropy exhibits strong fluctuation with the exponent close to the ``growth exponent'' of the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) universality class, the same as other local random circuits studied previously. We also investigate the dynamically generated quantum error correction code in the purification process and show that this model has different contiguous code distances for two types of errors that exhibit similar sublinear power-law scaling. We give an interpretation of these results by mapping them to various quantities in a classical particle model. We demonstrate that the subleading correction term of the entanglement entropy and the sublinear power-law scaling of the contiguous code distance in the volume-law phase are both the emergent phenomena of the hybrid random dynamics. Finally, we show that this classical particle dynamics itself has a type of error correction ability and can dynamically generate a classical linear code.
description: 17 pages, 15 figures
New Benchmark Models for Heavy Neutral Lepton Searches
Creators: name: Drewes, Marco
name: Klarić, Juraj
name: López-Pavón, Jacobo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The sensitivity of direct searches for heavy neutral leptons (HNLs) in accelerator-based experiments depends strongly on the particles properties. Commonly used benchmark scenarios are important to ensure comparability and consistency between experimental searches, re-interpretations, and sensitivity studies at different facilities. In models where the HNLs are primarily produced and decay through the weak interaction, benchmarks are in particular defined by fixing relative strengths of their mixing with SM neutrinos of different flavours, and the interpretation of experimental data is known to strongly depend on those ratios. The commonly used benchmarks in which a single HNL flavour exclusively interacts with one Standard Model generation do not reflect what is found in realistic neutrino mass models. As a part of the activities within CERN's Physics Beyond Colliders initiative we identify two additional benchmarks, which we primarily select based on the requirement to provide a better approximation for the phenomenology of realistic neutrino mass models in view of present and future neutrino oscillation data.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Optimal design of compliant displacement magnification mechanisms using stress-constrained topology optimization based on effective energy
Creators: name: Miyajima, Ken
name: Noguchi, Yuki
name: Yamada, Takayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, stress-constrained topology optimization is applied to the design of compliant displacement magnification mechanisms. By formulating the objective function based on the concept of effective energy, it is not necessary to place artificial spring components at the boundaries of the output and input ports as in previous methods. This makes it possible to design mechanisms that do not receive a reaction force at the output port, such as sensors. Furthermore, by imposing a constraint on the maximum stress evaluated in terms of the p-norm of the von Mises equivalent stress, problems such as stress concentration can be avoided. Several numerical examples of displacement magnification mechanisms are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
description: 38 pages, 23 figures
Salivary inflammatory biomarkers in a stent-induced biofilm overgrowth model
Creators: name: Stella, Michael
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2013

description: Introduction: Salivary diagnostics is an emerging field that has promise for improving understanding, diagnosis, and treatment of periodontitis. Inflammatory biomarker levels present in saliva have the potential to discriminate between disease states and predict disease progression. Objective: To determine whether baseline salivary inflammatory biomarkers between could discriminate between different clinical levels of disease and/or predict clinical progression over a 3-week stent-induced biofilm overgrowth (SIBO) induction period. Methods: 167 subjects ranging from healthy to periodontitis were recruited, 33 or 34 subjects per group: Healthy (BGI-H), Gingivitis (BGI-G), and Mild (BGI-P1), Moderate (BGI-P2), and Severe (BGI-P3) Periodontitis. Subjects wore stents to prevent plaque removal during brushing over one maxillary and one mandibular posterior dental sextant for 21 days. Clinical periodontal parameters and unstimulated salivary samples were collected at screening, baseline, and each week during biofilm overgrowth induction and assessed for levels of selected markers. Results: Higher salivary levels of IL-1β, MMP-3, MMP-8, MMP-9, and NGAL were found in diseased groups compared to healthy at baseline. Higher IL-1ra was found in healthy subjects at baseline. MMP-1, TIMP-1, TIMP-2, and TIMP-4 levels increased during induction across all subject groups. Conclusion: Salivary inflammatory biomarkers differ at baseline by periodontal status and show changes in the immunoregulators of host response during an experimental disease progression model.
Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy—Diagnostic pitfalls and treatment approach
Creators: name: Stino, Amro M.
name: Naddaf, Elie
name: Dyck, Peter J.
name: Dyck, P. James B.
Publisher: name: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: CIDP, diagnosis, IVIg, plasma exchange, steroids, treatment
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Health Sciences

description: Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) is characterized by progressive weakness and sensory loss, often affecting patientsʼ ability to walk and perform activities of daily living independently. With the lack of a diagnostic biomarker, the diagnosis relies on clinical suspicion, clinical findings, and the demonstration of demyelinating changes on electrodiagnostic (EDx) testing and nerve pathology. As a result, patients can often be misdiagnosed with CIDP and unnecessarily treated with immunotherapy. Interpreting the EDx testing and cerebrospinal fluid findings in light of the clinical phenotype, recognizing atypical forms of CIDP, and screening for CIDP mimickers are the mainstays of the approach to patients suspected of having CIDP, and are detailed in this review. We also review the currently available treatment options, including intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg), corticosteroids (CCS), and plasma exchange (PE), and discuss how to approach treatment‐refractory cases. Finally, we emphasize the need to adopt objective outcome measures to monitor treatment response.
Daily-life stress in 22q11DS: examining affective and psychotic reactivity to stress in adolescents and young adults using the Experience Sampling Method
Creators: name: Ilen, Laura
name: Feller, Clémence
name: Eliez, Stephan
name: Schneider, Maude
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Clinical Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: In this project, we investigate affective and psychotic reactivity to stress in adolescents and young adults with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome using the Experience Sampling Method (ESM).
New Analysis of Dark Matter in Elliptical Galaxies
Creators: name: Winters, David
name: Deur, Alexandre
name: Zheng, Xiaochao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a correlation between the dark matter content of elliptical galaxies and their ellipticity that was initially reported in 2014. We use new determinations of dark matter and ellipticities that are posterior to that time. Our data set consists of 237 elliptical galaxies passing a strict set of criteria. We find a relation between the mass-to-light ratio and ellipticity that is well fit by M/L = (14.1 \pm 5.4)?, which agrees with the result reported in 2014.
TOPOLOGICAL SPATIAL RELATIONS AND FRAMES OF REFERENCE IN SANTO DOMINGO DE GUZMÁN PIPIL: TYPOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL IMPLICATIONS
Creators: name: Salgado, Alvaro
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2014
Subjects: Language and languages

description: Pipil is an under-documented and severely endangered Uto-Aztecan language spoken in El Salvador. In this thesis, using data from four native speakers of Pipil, I describe topological relations and frames of reference in the Santo Domingo de Guzmán (SD) dialect of Pipil with a typological and historical approach. I find that SD Pipil is a Type Ib language in the Ameka & Levinson (2007) typology of locative predicates (one locative verb used in locative predicates), whereas other Nahua varieties belong to Type II (small set of contrasting locative posture verbs in locative predicates). I argue that Spanish influence on SD Pipil determined this innovation. SD Pipil features a unique system of absolute locatives that only convey information about the vertical and horizontal relationship between Figure and Ground, disregarding contact between them, and features exclusively an object-centered frame of reference, as described in the MesoSpace typology (O'Meara & Pérez 2011).
Coloured $\mathfrak{sl}_r$ invariants of torus knots and characters of $\mathcal{W}_r$ algebras
Creators: name: Kanade, Shashank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17b69, 57k14

description: Let $p
description: Comments welcome!
Sending a clear message: how citizens respond to the content of candidates' messages
Creators: name: Banda, Kevin K.
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2010

description: During campaigns, citizens form attitudes about candidates for office by collecting information from a number of sources, the most important of which may be from the candidates themselves. This information, though limited, should influence citizens' evaluations of the candidates' ideologies and positions on issues. How do citizens respond to the informational content contained in the statements candidates make during campaigns? How does this content influence (1) citizens' evaluations of candidates and (2) their certainty about these evaluations? I use data collected through two survey experiments to show that the issues politicians choose to talk about and the positions they take drive evaluations of both their ideology and positions on issues, including issues that they do not discuss. The relationship between the information in candidates' statements and the level of certainty expressed by participants is less clear, but suggests that a greater volume of precise information about issues leads people to feel more certain about the evaluations they make.
Facilitating follow-up of LIGO-Virgo events using rapid sky localization
Creators: name: Chen, Hsin-Yu
name: Holz, Daniel E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fast and effective localization of gravitational wave (GW) events could play a crucial role in identifying possible electromagnetic counterparts, and thereby help usher in an era of GW multi-messenger astronomy. We discuss an algorithm for accurate and very low latency ($
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
The Physical Nature of Circumgalactic Medium Absorbers in Simba
Creators: name: Appleby, Sarah
name: Davé, Romeel
name: Sorini, Daniele
name: Cui, Weiguang
name: Christiansen, Jacob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the nature of the low-redshift CGM in the Simba cosmological simulations as traced by ultraviolet absorption lines around galaxies in bins of stellar mass ($M_\star>10^{10}M_\odot$) for star-forming, green valley and quenched galaxies at impact parameters $r_\perp\leq 1.25r_{200}$. We generate synthetic spectra for HI, MgII, CII, SiIII, CIV, and OVI, fit Voigt profiles to obtain line properties, and estimate the density, temperature, and metallicity of the absorbing gas. We find that CGM absorbers are most abundant around star forming galaxies with $M_\star < 10^{11}M_\odot$, while the abundance of green valley galaxies show similar behaviour to those of quenched galaxies, suggesting that the CGM "quenches" before star formation ceases. HI absorbing gas exists across a broad range of cosmic phases (condensed gas, diffuse gas, hot halo gas and Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium), while essentially all low-ionisation metal absorption arises from condensed gas. OVI absorbers are split between hot halo gas and the WHIM. The fraction of collisionally ionised CGM absorbers is $\sim 25-55\%$ for CIV and $\sim 80-95\%$ for OVI, depending on stellar mass and impact parameter. In general, the highest column density absorption features for each ion arise from dense gas. Satellite gas, defined as that within $10r_{1/2,\star},$ contributes $\sim 3\%$ of overall HI absorption but $\sim 30\%$ of MgII absorption, with the fraction from satellites decreasing with increasing ion excitation energy.
description: 24 pages, 15 figures; accepted for publication in MNRAS
Droplet size distribution in a swirl airstream using in-line holography technique
Creators: name: Ade, Someshwar Sanjay
name: Kirar, Pavan Kumar
name: Chandrala, Lakshmana Dora
name: Sahu, Kirti Chandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the morphology and size distribution of satellite droplets resulting from the interaction of a freely falling water droplet with a swirling airstream of different strengths by employing shadowgraphy and deep-learning-based digital in-line holography techniques. We found that the droplet exhibits vibrational, retracting bag and normal breakup phenomena for the no swirl, low and high swirl strengths for the same aerodynamic field. In the high swirl scenario, the disintegrations of the nodes, rim, and bag-film contribute to the number mean diameter, resulting in smaller satellite droplets. In contrast, in the low swirl case, the breakup of the rim and nodes only contributes to the size distribution, resulting in larger droplets. The temporal variation of the Sauter mean diameter reveals that for a given aerodynamic force, a high swirl strength produces more surface area and surface energy than a low swirl strength. The theoretical prediction of the number-mean probability density of tiny satellite droplets under swirl conditions agrees with experimental data. However, for the low swirl, the predictions differ from the experimental results, particularly due to the presence of large satellite droplets. Our results reveal that the volume-weighted droplet size distribution exhibits two (bi-modal) and three (multi-model) peaks for low and high swirl strengths, respectively. The analytical model that takes into account various mechanisms, such as the nodes, rim, and bag breakups, accurately predicts the shape and characteristic sizes of each mode for the case of high swirl strength.
description: 28 pages, 12 figures
A lattice in a residually non-Desarguesian $\tilde A_2$-building
Creators: name: Radu, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F65, 22E40, 51A35, 51E24

description: We build a building of type $\tilde A_2$ and a discrete group of automorphisms acting simply transitively on its set of vertices. The characteristic feature of this building is that its rank 2 residues are isomorphic to the Hughes projective plane of order 9, which is non-Desarguesian. This solves a problem asked by W. Kantor in 1986, as well as a question asked by J. Howie in 1989.
description: 20 pages
Stochastic dynamics and ribosome-RNAP interactions in Transcription-Translation Coupling
Creators: name: Li, Xiangting
name: Chou, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Under certain cellular conditions, transcription and mRNA translation in prokaryotes appear to be "coupled," in which the formation of mRNA transcript and production of its associated protein are temporally correlated. Such transcription-translation coupling (TTC) has been evoked as a mechanism that speeds up the overall process, provides protection during the transcription, and/or regulates the timing of transcript and protein formation. What molecular mechanisms underlie ribosome-RNAP coupling and how they can perform these functions have not been explicitly modeled. We develop and analyze a continuous-time stochastic model that incorporates ribosome and RNAP elongation rates, initiation and termination rates, RNAP pausing, and direct ribosome and RNAP interactions (exclusion and binding). Our model predicts how distributions of delay times depend on these molecular features of transcription and translation. We also propose additional measures for TTC: a direct ribosome-RNAP binding probability and the fraction of time the translation-transcription process is "protected" from attack by transcription-terminating proteins. These metrics quantify different aspects of TTC and differentially depend on parameters of known molecular processes. We use our metrics to reveal how and when our model can exhibit either acceleration or deceleration of transcription, as well as protection from termination. Our detailed mechanistic model provides a basis for designing new experimental assays that can better elucidate the mechanisms of TTC.
description: Submitted to Biophysical Journal. 23 pages, 11 figures
COLLOCATIONAL PATTERN OF ADJECTIVES IN THE LEXICAL FIELD OF BEAUTY: A CORPUS-BASED STUDY
Creators: name: Ariestiawati, Ni Putu Diahtari
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Corpus linguistics
Lexicography and semantics
Linguistics not elsewhere classified

description: How to cite this thesis: Ariestiawati, Ni Putu Diahtari (2023). COLLOCATIONAL PATTERN OF ADJECTIVES IN THE LEXICAL FIELD OF BEAUTY: A CORPUS-BASED STUDY. figshare. Thesis. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.23734416 Abstract This study investigated the usage differences and similarities of adjectives namely BEAUTIFUL, PRETTY, and GORGEOUS through collocational patterns of nouns they modify in the [adjective + noun] construction. The collocational patterns were analyzed in terms of the semantic field categories using the Concepticon catalogue and of the noun types of the collocates. The data sources were taken from the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA) and the analyses adopted the mix-method approach. In terms of their frequencies, BEAUTIFUL is the most frequent (hence more common) than PRETTY and GORGEOUS. The highest semantic field categories for the collocate types of BEAUTIFUL were “Basic action and technology” and “Speech and language”. PRETTY produced more varied noun collocations than BEAUTIFUL. “Emotions and values” and “Possession” were the highest semantic categories of collocates for PRETTY. Finally, the category “Kinship” was very dominant for GORGEOUS. Interestingly, based on the noun type, all adjectives appeared with common nouns, but BEAUTIFUL produces more varied noun types. To conclude, collocational patterns and semantic fields can expose the different usage of the three semantically similar adjectives. Supervisor 1 Gede Primahadi Wijaya Rajeg, S.S., M.Hum., Ph.D. Supervisor 2 I Nyoman Tri Ediwan, S.S., M.Hum.
Uniqueness for inverse source problems for fractional diffusion-wave equations by data during not acting time
Creators: name: Yamamoto, Masahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35R30, 35R11

description: We consider fractional diffusion-wave equations with source term which is represented in a form of a product of a temporal function and a spatial function. We prove the uniqueness for inveres source problem of determining spatially varying factor by decay of data as the time tends to $\infty$, provided that the source does not work during the observations. Our main result asserts the uniqueness if data decay more rapidly than $\left(\frac{1}{t^p}\right)$ with any $p\in \N$ as $t\to\infty$. Date taken not from the initial time are realistic but the uniqueness was not known in general. The proof is based on the analyticity and the asymptotic behavior of a function generated by the solution.
The association between measures of trunk neuromuscular control using clinical screening tools and an unstable sitting device
Creators: name: Nicoletta, Taryn M.
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2010

description: Objective: To determine the association between clinical screening tools and a laboratory screening tool of trunk neuromuscular control (NMC). Subjects: Thirty recreationally active males and females free from current low back pain. Methods: Three clinical screening tools including the human arrow, side plank and seated ball task and one laboratory screening tool for trunk NMC were completed. Correlations were run between the laboratory measure and each clinical measure. Results: A significant relationship between the laboratory measure of trunk NMC and the seated ball task was found (r(22)=0.498, p=.013). No significant relationship was found between the laboratory measure of trunk NMC and the human arrow (r(28)=-0.029, p=0.894) or side plank (r(28)=-0.114, p=0.595). Conclusions: The seated ball task may be an accurate indicator of trunk NMC in addition to the human arrow and side plank tasks, but the tasks assess components of trunk NMC that are independent of one another.
Avalanche stability transition in interacting quasiperiodic systems
Creators: name: Tu, Yi-Ting
name: Vu, DinhDuy
name: Sarma, Sankar Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coupling a 1D quasiperiodic interacting system to a Markovian bath, we study the avalanche instability of the many body localized phase numerically, finding that many body localization (MBL) is more stable in pseudorandom quasiperiodic systems than the corresponding randomly disordered systems for a disorder strength $W>8$, potentially up to arbitrarily large system sizes. We support our conclusion by additionally developing real space RG arguments, and provide a detailed comparison between quasiperiodic and random MBL from the avalanche instability perspective, concluding that the two belong to different universality classes.
description: 10 pages, 13 figures
MPEC 2023-O63 : 2023 OJ1
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 OJ1

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Short range inter-vortex interaction and interacting dynamics of half-quantized vortices in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Kasamatsu, Kenichi
name: Eto, Minoru
name: Nitta, Muneto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the interaction and dynamics of two half-quantized vortices in two-component Bose- Einstein condensates. Using the Pade approximation for the vortex core profile, we calculate the intervortex potential, whose asymptotic form for a large distance has been derived by Eto et al. [Phys. Rev. A, 83, 063603 (2011)]. Through numerical simulations of the two-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equations, we reveal different kinds of dynamical trajectories of the vortices depending on the combinations of signs of circulations and the intercomponent density coupling. Under the adiabatic limit, we derive the equations of motion for the vortex coordinates, in which the motion is caused by the balance between Magnus force and the intervortex forces. The initial velocity of the vortex motion can be explained quantitatively by this point vortex approximation, but under- standing the long-time behavior of the dynamics needs more consideration beyond our model.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures
Language Shifts in Folkative Instagram Comments
Creators: name: Koemba, Fitri
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Linguistics not elsewhere classified
Sociolinguistics

description: How to cite this thesis: Koemba, Fitri (2023). Language Shifts in Folkative Instagram Comments. figshare. Thesis. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.23734443 Abstract Social media nowadays presents a venue for speakers to convey messages in different languages. This study entitled “Language Shifts in Folkative Instagram Comments” is conducted with the aim of identifying the use of language shift in the contents of comments on social media (Instagram accounts) with the result of knowing the true meaning conveyed in the comments. The analysis was based on data types: verbal (Indonesian) and visual (English) data from the Folkative post and questionnaire data. This analysis focuses on the two comments (those with language shift) that received the most likes out of every six Folkative postings on April 30, 2022.The research method used in this study is mix-method. To assist this research, theories from Hymes (1972), Van Dijk (2008) regarding context, and Holmes (2001) regarding the factors of language shift are used. It is also necessary to introduce the personal identity of Instagram users and six questions according to the language shift in a questionnaire so that the results of this study are clearer. This research was conducted independently of data collection and analysis.
 First Supervisor: Gede Primahadi Wijaya R, S.S., M.Hum., Ph.D Second Supervisor: I Nyoman Tri Ediwan, S.S., M.Hum.
Cavity locking with spatial modulation of optical phase front for laser stabilization
Creators: name: Feng, Sheng
name: You, Songqing
name: Yang, Peng
name: Zhang, Fenglei
name: Sun, Yunlong
name: Xie, Boya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study optical cavity locking for laser stabilization through spatial modulation of the phase front of a light beam. A theoretical description of the underlying principle is developed for this method and special attention is paid to residual amplitude modulation (RAM) caused by experimental imperfections, especially the manufacture errors of the spatial phase modulator. The studied locking method owns the common advantages of the Pound-Drever-Hall method and the tilt-locking one, and it can provide a more artful way to eliminate RAM noise in phase modulation for the ultimate stability of lasers. In situations where cost and portability are a practical issue, the studied method allows one to realize compact laser stabilization systems locked to Fabry-P$\acute{\mbox{e}}$rot cavities without use of expensive bulky devices, such as signal generators and electro-optic modulators.
description: 3 figures
Valuation of properties and economic models of real estate markets
Creators: name: Schulz, Rainer
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Immobilien-Preisindexe
subject: Hedonische Methode
subject: Bewertungsgüte
subject: State space Modell
subject: Real estate price indices
subject: Hedonic approach
subject: Appraisal accuracy
subject: State space model
subject: 330 Wirtschaft
subject: 17 Wirtschaft

description: Bewertungen von Immobilien sollen den Marktwert einschätzen und sind notwendig für Kauf-, Verkaufs- und Bauentscheidungen, für die Kreditvergabe und für die Besteuerung. Trotz dieser eindeutigen Aufgabenstellung existierten unterschiedliche Verfahren, mit welchen Marktwerte ermittelt werden können. Ein Bewertungsverfahren soll einerseits mit ökonomischer Theorie vereinbar sein und andererseits Bewertungen generieren, die beobachtete Transaktionspreise gut vorhersagen. Die Dissertation analysiert die drei wichtigsten Bewertungsansätze Sachwert-, Vergleichswert- und Ertragswertverfahren, zeigt das jeweils zugrundeliegende Marktmodell und evaluiert die kodifizierten Verfahren nach der Wertermittlungsverordnung (WertV) anhand von beobachteten Transaktionen. Darüber hinaus gibt die Dissertation einen Überblick zu Immobilienpreisindizes und zu hedonischen Methoden. Für die ökonometrischen Analysen wurden umfangreiche Daten zum Berliner Immobilienmarkt verwendet.
description: Appraisals should assess the market value of properties and are necessary for buying, selling or building decisions, for lending and for taxation. Despite this unambiguous task different techniques exist for ascertaining market values. An valuation approach should be in accordance with economic theory and should generate appraisals, which are reliable estimates for transaction prices. This dissertation analyzes the three most important valuation approaches, i.e. cost, sales comparison, and income approach, shows the underlying market models and evaluates the valuation techniques that are codified in the German Regulation on Valuation (WertV). For the latter evaluations, appraisals are compared with observed transaction prices. In addition, the dissertation gives an overview on real estate price indices and on the hedonic approach. Extensive data on Berlin's real estate market are used for the econometric analysis.
Negotiating the Trouser Role in Jules Massenet's and Henri Cain's Cendrillon (1899)
Creators: name: Crone, Catherine
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2015
Subjects: Music
History
Gender identity
Theater

description: The 1899 French opera Cendrillon, with libretto by Henri Cain and score by Jules Massenet, revolves around the relationship of Cendrillon (Cinderella) and Prince Charmant (Prince Charming), who are both played and sung by women. Since Prince Charmant is a trouser role, the audience sees a character in male costume but hears a female voice. Though Cendrillon and the prince end the opera united, the many obstacles and imbalances of their relationship throughout the plot work to undo the finality of this ending. I argue that the strange nature of this relationship results from attempts on the part of its creators to balance the tension between, on one hand, the requirement of the plot for a romantic ending between Cendrillon and Prince Charmant, and, on the other, the unusual and gender-subversive presence of the trouser role in the central romantic relationship, which allows two sopranos to live "happily ever after."
Superradiance from a Relativistic Source
Creators: name: Wyenberg, Christopher
name: Rajabi, Fereshteh
name: Houde, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a model of cooperative superradiant emission from a highly relativistic multi-particle source. We revise an existing model of the literature for a relativistic two-level particle, and construct from it a Hamiltonian describing relativistic velocity dependent multi-particle superradiance. We adapt the standard diagrammatic framework to compute time evolution and density operators from our Hamiltonian, and demonstrate during the process a departure from standard results and calculation methods. In particular, we demonstrate that the so-called vertical photon result of the literature is modified by the relativistic Lorentz factor of the sample; we also introduce a set of coupled differential equations describing certain propagators in the velocity-dependent small sample framework, which we solve numerically via a hybrid fourth order Runge-Kutta and convolution approach. We demonstrate our methods for the simple case of two highly relativistic particles travelling with slightly differing velocities simulated at varying relativistic mean sample $β$ factors, and evaluate velocity coherence requirements for a sample to demonstrate enhanced superradiant emission in the observer frame. We find these coherence requirements to become increasingly restrictive at higher $β$ factors, even in the context of standard results of relativistic velocity differential transformations.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures
Dimensionless physics: continuation
Creators: name: Volovik, G. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several approaches to quantum gravity (including the model of superplastic vacuum; Diakonov tetrads emerging as the bilinear combinations of the fermionis fields; $BF$-theories of gravity; and effective acoustic metric) suggest that in general relativity the metric must have dimension 2, i.e. $[g_{μν}]=1/[L]^2$, irrespective of the dimension of spacetime. This leads to the "dimensionless physics" discussed in the review paper G.E. Volovik, Dimensionless physics, JETP 132, 727 (2021). Here we continue to exploit this unusual dimension of the metric.
description: 19 pages, no figures, version submitted to JETP
The Axion-Higgs Portal
Creators: name: Bauer, Martin
name: Rostagni, Guillaume
name: Spinner, Jonas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phenomenology of axions and axion-like particles strongly depends on their couplings to Standard Model particles. The focus of this paper is the phenomenology of the unique dimension six operator respecting the shift symmetry: the axion-Higgs portal. We compare constraints from Higgs physics, flavor violating and radiative meson decays, bounds from atomic spectroscopy searching for fifth forces and astrophysical observables. In contrast to the QCD axion, axions interacting through the axion-Higgs portal are stable and can provide a dark matter candidate for any axion mass. We derive the parameter space for which freeze-out and freeze-in production as well as the misalignment mechanism can reproduce the observed relic abundance and compare the results with the phenomenological constraints. For comparison we also derive Higgs, flavor and spectroscopy constraints and the parameter space for which the scalar Higgs portal without derivative interactions can explain dark matter.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
A conservative assessment of the current constraints on dark matter annihilation from Cosmic Rays and CMB observations
Creators: name: Masi, Nicolò
name: Ballardini, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In view of the current interest in combining different observations to constraint annihilating WIMP dark matter, we examine the relation between the Sommerfeld effect at the recombination epoch and in the galactic halo. By considering an up-to-date collection of interpolations of cosmic rays lepton data (AMS-02 2014, Fermi and PAMELA), as dark matter annihilation signals, we show that current cosmic rays measurements and recent Planck 2015 constraints from CMB anisotropies almost overlap for dark matter masses of the order of few $TeV$, although great theoretical uncertainties afflict cosmic rays and dark matter descriptions. Combining cosmic rays fits we obtain proper minimal regions allowed by CMB observations, especially for $μ$ and $τ$ annihilation channels, once assumed viable values of the efficiency factor for energy absorption at recombination: the results are consistent with those obtained by the Planck collaboration but allow a slightly larger overlap between Cosmic Rays constraints from the lepton sector and CMB. Incoming AMS-02 measurements of cosmic rays antiprotons will help to clarify the conundrum.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Monopole-center vortex chains in $SU(2)$ gauge theory
Creators: name: Nejad, Seyed Mohsen Hosseini
name: Deldar, Sedigheh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the relation between center vortex fluxes and monopole fluxes for $SU(2)$ gauge group in a model. This model is the same as thick center vortex model but we use monopole-antimonopole configurations instead of center vortices in the vacuum. Monopole-antimonopole configurations are line-like similar to center vortices. The group factor and potential for the fundamental representation of these configurations are studied and compared with those of center vortices. As a result, we obtain monopole-vortex chains which appear in lattice Monte Carlo simulations, as well. If these monopole-vortex chains intersect the large Wilson loop in two points, screening is observed for the potential in the fundamental representation at large distances and confinement is observed when one leg of the chain intersects the Wilson loop.
description: 22 pages, 16 figures, Replaced with the revised version accepted in PTEP
Question-driven ensembles of flexible ETAS models
Creators: name: Mizrahi, Leila
name: Nandan, Shyam
name: Savran, William
name: Wiemer, Stefan
name: Ben-Zion, Yehuda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The development of new earthquake forecasting models is often motivated by one of the following complementary goals: to gain new insights into the governing physics and to produce improved forecasts quantified by objective metrics. Often, one comes at the cost of the other. Here, we propose a question-driven ensemble (QDE) modeling approach to address both goals. We first describe flexible ETAS models in which we relax the assumptions of parametrically defined aftershock productivity and background earthquake rates during model calibration. Instead, both productivity and background rates are calibrated with data such that their variability is optimally represented by the model. Then we consider 64 QDE models in pseudo-prospective forecasting experiments for Southern California and Italy. QDE models are constructed by combining model parameters of different ingredient models, where the rules for how to combine parameters are defined by questions about the future seismicity. The QDE models can be interpreted as models which address different questions with different ingredient models. We find that certain models best address the same issues in both regions, and that QDE models can substantially outperform the standard ETAS and all ingredient models. The best performing QDE model is obtained through the combination of models allowing flexible background seismicity and flexible aftershock productivity, respectively, where the former parameterizes the spatial distribution of background earthquakes and the partitioning of seismicity into background events and aftershocks, and the latter is used to parameterize the spatio-temporal occurrence of aftershocks.
Material Characterization of Cardiovascular Biomaterials Using an Inverse Finite Element Method
Creators: name: Nightingale, Miriam
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Material characterization
Soft tissue
Guccione model
Finite element methods
Cardiovascular

description: Being able to accurately model soft tissue behaviour, such as that of heart valvular tissue, is essential for developing effective numerical simulations of in-vivo conditions and determining patient-specific care options. Although several analytical material models, based on strain energy functions, have been successful in predicting soft tissue behaviour, complications arise when these models are implemented into finite element (FE) programs due to the incorporation of a penalty parameter for numerically enforcing material incompressibility. Specifically, material parameters determined through non-FE methods may no longer produce a material behaviour that reflects the experimental behaviour once they are used in an FE analysis. Based on commercial finite element software LS-DYNA, an inverse methodology was developed in MATLAB to simultaneously optimize the material parameters and the penalty parameter for the Guccione strain energy model. The methodology produced accurate predictions of the material behaviour under planar equibiaxial testing for five biomaterials used in heart valve cusp replacements.
Evaluation and Development of Vancomycin Dosing Schemes to Meet New AUC/MIC Targets in Intermittent Hemodialysis Using Monte Carlo Simulation Techniques
Creators: name: Lewis, Susan J.
name: Mueller, Bruce A.
Publisher: name: Thomson Micromedex
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: pharmacokinetics
subject: renal dialysis
subject: vancomycin
subject: pharmacodynamics
subject: Monte Carlo simulation
subject: Pediatrics
subject: Pharmacy and Pharmacology
subject: Health Sciences

description: Published vancomycin dosing recommendations for patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis were not designed to meet newly recommended 24‐hour area under the curve/minimum inhibitory concentration (AUC24h/MIC) pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic targets. The aims of this study were to predict pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic target attainment rates with a commonly used vancomycin regimen and to design a new dosing scheme incorporating therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) to maximize target attainment in patients receiving vancomycin and hemodialysis with high‐ or low‐flux hemodialyzers. Vancomycin pharmacokinetic‐ and dialysis‐specific parameters were incorporated into Monte Carlo simulations (MCS). A commonly used vancomycin regimen was modeled to determine its likelihood of attaining AUC24h/MIC targets for 1 week of thrice‐weekly hemodialysis treatments. MCS was then used to develop optimal initial vancomycin dosing for patients receiving intradialytic or postdialytic vancomycin administration with either high‐ or low‐flux hemodialyzers. Finally, a new MCS model incorporating TDM was built to further optimize the probability of pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic target attainment. Traditional vancomycin dosing methods are unlikely to meet AUC24h/MIC targets. Vancomycin doses necessary to attain AUC24h/MIC targets are significantly influenced by hemodialyzer permeability and whether vancomycin is administered intradialytically or after hemodialysis. Depending on dialyzer type and whether vancomycin is administered during or after hemodialysis, loading doses of 25 to 35 mg/kg followed by maintenance doses of 7.5 to 15 mg/kg are necessary to reach minimum AUC24h/MIC targets in 90% of virtual patients. For a 3‐day interdialytic period, a 30% higher maintenance dose is required to maintain target attainment. Dosing based on a single vancomycin serum concentration obtained prior to the second dialysis session greatly enhances the probability of target attainment.