cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Identification of sodium channel isoforms that mediate action potential firing in lamina I/II spinal cord neurons
Creators: name: Hildebrand, Michael E.
name: Mezeyova, Janette
name: Smith, Paula L.
name: Salter, Michael W.
name: Tringham, Elizabeth
name: Snutch, Terrance P.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2015

description: Background. Voltage-gated sodium channels play key roles in acute and chronic pain processing. The molecular, biophysical, and pharmacological properties of sodium channel currents have been extensively studied for peripheral nociceptors while the properties of sodium channel currents in dorsal horn spinal cord neurons remain incompletely understood. Thus far, investigations into the roles of sodium channel function in nociceptive signaling have primarily focused on recombinant channels or peripheral nociceptors. Here, we utilize recordings from lamina I/II neurons withdrawn from the surface of spinal cord slices to systematically determine the functional properties of sodium channels expressed within the superficial dorsal horn. Results Sodium channel currents within lamina I/II neurons exhibited relatively hyperpolarized voltage-dependent properties and fast kinetics of both inactivation and recovery from inactivation, enabling small changes in neuronal membrane potentials to have large effects on intrinsic excitability. By combining biophysical and pharmacological channel properties with quantitative real-time PCR results, we demonstrate that functional sodium channel currents within lamina I/II neurons are predominantly composed of the NaV1.2 and NaV1.3 isoforms. Conclusions Overall, lamina I/II neurons express a unique combination of functional sodium channels that are highly divergent from the sodium channel isoforms found within peripheral nociceptors, creating potentially complementary or distinct ion channel targets for future pain therapeutics.
Cascadable all-optical NAND gates using diffractive networks
Creators: name: Luo, Yi
name: Mengu, Deniz
name: Ozcan, Aydogan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Owing to its potential advantages such as scalability, low latency and power efficiency, optical computing has seen rapid advances over the last decades. A core unit of a potential all-optical processor would be the NAND gate, which can be cascaded to perform an arbitrary logical operation. Here, we present the design and analysis of cascadable all-optical NAND gates using diffractive neural networks. We encoded the logical values at the input and output planes of a diffractive NAND gate using the relative optical power of two spatially-separated apertures. Based on this architecture, we numerically optimized the design of a diffractive neural network composed of 4 passive layers to all-optically perform NAND operation using the diffraction of light, and cascaded these diffractive NAND gates to perform complex logical functions by successively feeding the output of one diffractive NAND gate into another. We demonstrated the cascadability of our diffractive NAND gates by using identical diffractive designs to all-optically perform AND and OR operations, as well as a half-adder. Cascadable all-optical NAND gates composed of spatially-engineered passive diffractive layers can serve as a core component of various optical computing platforms.
description: 24 Pages, 5 Figures
Tracking multiple spawning targets using Poisson multi-Bernoulli mixtures on sets of tree trajectories
Creators: name: García-Fernández, Ángel F.
name: Svensson, Lennart
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper proposes a Poisson multi-Bernoulli mixture (PMBM) filter on the space of sets of tree trajectories for multiple target tracking with spawning targets. A tree trajectory contains all trajectory information of a target and its descendants, which appear due to the spawning process. Each tree contains a set of branches, where each branch has trajectory information of a target or one of the descendants and its genealogy. For the standard dynamic and measurement models with multi-Bernoulli spawning, the posterior is a PMBM density, with each Bernoulli having information on a potential tree trajectory. To enable a computationally efficient implementation, we derive an approximate PMBM filter in which each Bernoulli tree trajectory has multi-Bernoulli branches, obtained by minimising the Kullback-Leibler divergence. The resulting filter improves tracking performance of state-of-the-art algorithms in a simulated scenario.
description: Matlab code can be found at https://github.com/Agarciafernandez
Endogenous Endophthalmitis at a Tertiary Referral Center in China: A Retrospective Study Over Three Decades
Creators: name: Zhang, Wen-fei
name: Zhao, Xin-yu
name: Chen, Huan
name: Meng, Li-hui
name: Chen, You-xin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Molecular Biology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: To investigate the etiology, pathogens, treatment, and prognosis of endogenous endophthalmitis (EE). Patients diagnosed with EE over three decades at Peking Union Medical College Hospital were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed. A total of 97 eyes from 81 patients were included. Diabetes was the most common predisposing medical condition (34.6%). Klebsiella pneumoniae (31.3%) and Candida albicans (32.8%) were the most common pathogens. Liver abscess (20.6%) was the predominant cause EE due to liver abscess had a worse initial visual acuity (P < 0.05). Patients who initially underwent pars plana vitrectomy (PPV)+silicone oil tamponade underwent fewer total treatments (P < 0.05). In the past 10 years, the proportion of Gram-positive cocci, Gram-negative bacilli, and Candida showed an upward trend. Over the past 15 years, EE after liver abscess and immunosuppression has increased, while EE from genitourinary systems has decreased. EE was a devastating intraocular disease with a poor visual prognosis. The initial condition and prognosis of EE after liver abscess were the worst. PPV+silicone oil tamponade as an initial treatment may reduce additional therapy.
UTILIZING KRIGING INTERPOLATION FOR GEOSPATIAL MAPPING OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS IN OSUN STATE
Creators: name: Olubunmi, Grace Akinlabi
name: Folake, Adebisi Olajide
Publisher: name: CARSON JOURNAL
Year: 2024
Subjects: Schistosomiasis, environmentally-mediated disease, snail habitats, disease transmission, environmental determinants

description: Schistosomiasis, a parasitic disease with significant global health implications, operates within an environmentally-mediated framework contingent upon the availability of suitable snail habitats, serving as intermediate hosts for the causative parasites (Morenikeji and Idowu, 2011). This research investigates the intricate interplay between environmental factors and the prevalence of schistosomiasis, emphasizing the pivotal role of snail habitats in disease transmission dynamics. By examining the environmental determinants influencing the disease's transmission, this study seeks to enhance our understanding of schistosomiasis epidemiology and contribute valuable insights for targeted control strategies
Biomarkers and gene copy number variation for terpenoid traits associated with insect resistance in Sitka spruce: An integrated genomic, proteomic, and biochemical analysis of (+)-3-carene biosynthesis
Creators: name: Bohlmann, Jörg
name: Hall, Dawn
name: Robert, Jeanne
name: Keeling, Christopher
name: Domanski, Dominik
name: Quesada, Alfonso L
name: Jancsik, Sharon
name: Kuzyk, Michael
name: Hamberger, Britta
name: Borchers, Christoph
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

Abstract
Local spin base invariance from a global differential-geometrical point of view
Creators: name: Emmrich, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article gives a geometric interpretation of the spin base formulation with local spin base invariance of spinors on a curved space-time and in particular of a central element, the global Dirac structure, in terms of principal and vector bundles and their endomorphisms. It is shown that this is intimately related to Spin and Spin^C structures in the sense that the existence of one of those implies the existence of a Dirac structure and allows an extension to local spin base invariance. Vice versa, as a central result, the existence of a Dirac structure implies the existence of a Spin^C structure. Nevertheless, the spin base invariant setting may be considered more general, allowing more physical degrees of freedom. Furthermore, arguments are given that the Dirac structure is a more natural choice as a variable for (quantum) gravity than tetrads/vielbeins.
Dynamical Mass of the Exoplanet Host Star HR 8799
Creators: name: Sepulveda, Aldo G.
name: Bowler, Brendan P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: HR 8799 is a young A5/F0 star hosting four directly imaged giant planets at wide separations ($\sim$16-78 au) which are undergoing orbital motion and have been continuously monitored with adaptive optics imaging since their discovery over a decade ago. We present a dynamical mass of HR 8799 using 130 epochs of relative astrometry of its planets, which include both published measurements and new medium-band 3.1 $μ$m observations that we acquired with NIRC2 at Keck Observatory. For the purpose of measuring the host star mass, each orbiting planet is treated as a massless particle and is fit with a Keplerian orbit using Markov chain Monte Carlo. We then use a Bayesian framework to combine each independent total mass measurement into a cumulative dynamical mass using all four planets. The dynamical mass of HR 8799 is 1.47$^{+0.12}_{-0.17}$ \Msun assuming a uniform stellar mass prior, or 1.46$^{+0.11}_{-0.15}$ \Msun with a weakly informative prior based on spectroscopy. There is a strong covariance between the planets' eccentricities and the total system mass; when the constraint is limited to low eccentricity solutions of $e<0.1$, which is motivated by dynamical stability, our mass measurement improves to 1.43$^{+0.06}_{-0.07}$ \Msun. Our dynamical mass and other fundamental measured parameters of HR 8799 together with MESA Isochrones & Stellar Tracks grids yields a bulk metallicity most consistent with [Fe/H]$\sim$ -0.25-0.00 dex and an age of 10-23 Myr for the system. This implies hot start masses of 2.7-4.9 \Mjup for HR 8799 b and 4.1-7.0 \Mjup for HR 8799 c, d, and e, assuming they formed at the same time as the host star.
description: 23 pages, 13 figures, accepted to AJ
Bounding Box-Free Instance Segmentation Using Semi-Supervised Learning for Generating a City-Scale Vehicle Dataset
Creators: name: de Carvalho, Osmar Luiz Ferreira
name: Júnior, Osmar Abílio de Carvalho
name: de Albuquerque, Anesmar Olino
name: Santana, Nickolas Castro
name: Borges, Dibio Leandro
name: Gomes, Roberto Arnaldo Trancoso
name: Guimarães, Renato Fontes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4.6

description: Vehicle classification is a hot computer vision topic, with studies ranging from ground-view up to top-view imagery. In remote sensing, the usage of top-view images allows for understanding city patterns, vehicle concentration, traffic management, and others. However, there are some difficulties when aiming for pixel-wise classification: (a) most vehicle classification studies use object detection methods, and most publicly available datasets are designed for this task, (b) creating instance segmentation datasets is laborious, and (c) traditional instance segmentation methods underperform on this task since the objects are small. Thus, the present research objectives are: (1) propose a novel semi-supervised iterative learning approach using GIS software, (2) propose a box-free instance segmentation approach, and (3) provide a city-scale vehicle dataset. The iterative learning procedure considered: (1) label a small number of vehicles, (2) train on those samples, (3) use the model to classify the entire image, (4) convert the image prediction into a polygon shapefile, (5) correct some areas with errors and include them in the training data, and (6) repeat until results are satisfactory. To separate instances, we considered vehicle interior and vehicle borders, and the DL model was the U-net with the Efficient-net-B7 backbone. When removing the borders, the vehicle interior becomes isolated, allowing for unique object identification. To recover the deleted 1-pixel borders, we proposed a simple method to expand each prediction. The results show better pixel-wise metrics when compared to the Mask-RCNN (82% against 67% in IoU). On per-object analysis, the overall accuracy, precision, and recall were greater than 90%. This pipeline applies to any remote sensing target, being very efficient for segmentation and generating datasets.
description: 38 pages, 10 figures, submitted to journal
ВОПРОСЫ СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЯ ОТВЕТСТВЕННОСТИ ЗА СОУЧАСТИЕ В ПРЕСТУПЛЕНИИ
Creators: name: Тохиржонов Шерзод Шухратович
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Законодательство нашей страны, которое определяет уголовную ответственность за преступления, совершенные должностными лицами, прошло через несколько этапов развития. Изучение их истории позволяет лучше понять текущее состояние законодательства, более глубоко проанализировать юридическую суть должностных преступлений, выявить проблемы в их правовом регулировании и продумать возможные пути устранения недостатков, которые стали причиной ошибок в юридической практике.....
Clinical and Microbiological Characteristics of Endogenous Klebsiella pneumoniae Endophthalmitis in a Tertiary Hospital in Shanghai, China
Creators: name: Zhou, Yun
name: Zhang, Yixin
name: Tian, Yueru
name: Zhu, Mengjun
name: Wang, Xing
name: Shen, Jun
name: Li, Ying
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: To investigate the clinical features of endogenous Klebsiella pneumoniae endophthalmitis (EKPE) and the molecular characteristics of pathogenic K. pneumoniae. A retrospective study was conducted between January 2014 and January 2021. Clinical data were extracted. K. pneumoniae isolates cultured from EKPE patients’ specimens were characterized by antimicrobial susceptibility testing, multilocus sequence typing, capsular serotyping, and virulence gene profiles. Virulence phenotypes were confirmed by mouse lethality assay. Thirty-nine patients (47 eyes) were diagnosed with EKPE. Administration of systemic antibiotics and eye treatment within 24 hours of ocular symptom onset was statistically associated with better visual outcomes (p = .007). Sixteen K. pneumoniae isolates were collected, three of which were carbapenem-resistant and avirulent. Only salmochelin encoding gene was harbored by all isolates. Systemic and eye treatment administered within 24 hours from the onset improves visual prognosis. Besides hypervirulent strains, avirulent carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae can cause EKPE.
Panoptic Segmentation Meets Remote Sensing
Creators: name: de Carvalho, Osmar Luiz Ferreira
name: Júnior, Osmar Abílio de Carvalho
name: Silva, Cristiano Rosa e
name: de Albuquerque, Anesmar Olino
name: Santana, Nickolas Castro
name: Borges, Dibio Leandro
name: Gomes, Roberto Arnaldo Trancoso
name: Guimarães, Renato Fontes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4.6

description: Panoptic segmentation combines instance and semantic predictions, allowing the detection of "things" and "stuff" simultaneously. Effectively approaching panoptic segmentation in remotely sensed data can be auspicious in many challenging problems since it allows continuous mapping and specific target counting. Several difficulties have prevented the growth of this task in remote sensing: (a) most algorithms are designed for traditional images, (b) image labelling must encompass "things" and "stuff" classes, and (c) the annotation format is complex. Thus, aiming to solve and increase the operability of panoptic segmentation in remote sensing, this study has five objectives: (1) create a novel data preparation pipeline for panoptic segmentation, (2) propose an annotation conversion software to generate panoptic annotations; (3) propose a novel dataset on urban areas, (4) modify the Detectron2 for the task, and (5) evaluate difficulties of this task in the urban setting. We used an aerial image with a 0,24-meter spatial resolution considering 14 classes. Our pipeline considers three image inputs, and the proposed software uses point shapefiles for creating samples in the COCO format. Our study generated 3,400 samples with 512x512 pixel dimensions. We used the Panoptic-FPN with two backbones (ResNet-50 and ResNet-101), and the model evaluation considered semantic instance and panoptic metrics. We obtained 93.9, 47.7, and 64.9 for the mean IoU, box AP, and PQ. Our study presents the first effective pipeline for panoptic segmentation and an extensive database for other researchers to use and deal with other data or related problems requiring a thorough scene understanding.
description: 40 pages, 10 figures, submitted to journal
Rituximab resistant evans syndrome and autoimmunity in Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia
Creators: name: Zieg, Jakub
name: Krepelova, Anna
name: Baradaran-Heravi, Alireza
name: Levtchenko, Elena
name: Guillén-Navarro, Encarna
name: Balascakova, Miroslava
name: Sukova, Martina
name: Seeman, Tomas
name: Dusek, Jiri
name: Simankova, Nadezda
name: Rosik, Tomas
name: Skalova, Sylva
name: Lebl, Jan
name: Boerkoel, Cornelius F
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Autoimmunity is often observed among individuals with primary immune deficiencies; however, the frequency and role of autoimmunity in Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia (SIOD) has not been fully assessed. SIOD, which is caused by mutations of SMARCAL1, is a rare autosomal recessive disease with its prominent features being skeletal dysplasia, T cell deficiency, and renal failure. We present a child with severe SIOD who developed rituximab resistant Evans syndrome (ES). Consistent with observations in several other immunodeficiency disorders, a review of SIOD patients showed that approximately a fifth of SIOD patients have some features of autoimmune disease. To our best knowledge this case represents the first patient with SIOD and rituximab resistant ES and the first study of autoimmune disease in SIOD.
The Bohr-Weisskopf effect: from hydrogenlike-ion experiments to heavy-atom calculations of the hyperfine structure
Creators: name: Roberts, B. M.
name: Ranclaud, P. G.
name: Ginges, J. S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study the influence of electron screening on the Bohr-Weisskopf (BW) effect in many-electron atoms. The BW effect gives the finite-nucleus magnetization contribution to the hyperfine structure. Relativistic atomic many-body calculations are performed for s and p_1/2 states of several systems of interest for studies of atomic parity violation and time-reversal-violating electric dipole moments -- Rb, Cs, Fr, Ba+, Ra+, and Tl. For s states, electron screening effects are small, and the relative BW correction for hydrogenlike ions and neutral atoms is approximately the same. We relate the ground-state BW effect in H-like ions, which may be cleanly extracted from experiments, to the BW effect in s and p_1/2 states of neutral and near neutral atoms through an electronic screening factor. This allows the BW effect extracted from measurements with H-like ions to be used, with screening factors, in atomic calculations without recourse to modelled nuclear structure input. It opens the way for unprecedented accuracy in accounting for the BW effect in heavy atoms. The efficacy of this approach is demonstrated using available experimental data for H-like and neutral Tl-203 and Tl-205.
Magnetic correlations in infinite-layer nickelates: an experimental and theoretical multi-method study
Creators: name: Ortiz, R. A.
name: Puphal, P.
name: Klett, M.
name: Hotz, F.
name: Kremer, R. K.
name: Trepka, H.
name: Hemmida, M.
name: von Nidda, H. -A. Krug
name: Isobe, M.
name: Khasanov, R.
name: Luetkens, H.
name: Hansmann, P.
name: Keimer, B.
name: Schäfer, T.
name: Hepting, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a comprehensive study of magnetic correlations in LaNiO$_{2}$, a parent compound of the recently discovered family of infinite-layer (IL) nickelate superconductors, using multiple experimental and theoretical methods. Our specific heat, muon-spin rotation ($μ$SR), and magnetic susceptibility measurements on polycrystalline LaNiO$_{2}$ show that long-range magnetic order remains absent down to 2 K. Nevertheless, we detect residual entropy in the low-temperature specific heat, which is compatible with a model fit that includes paramagnon excitations. The $μ$SR and low-field static and dynamic magnetic susceptibility measurements indicate the presence of short-range magnetic correlations and glassy spin dynamics, which we attribute to local oxygen non-stoichiometry in the average infinite-layer crystal structure. This glassy behavior can be suppressed in strong external fields, allowing us to extract the intrinsic paramagnetic susceptibility. Remarkably, we find that the intrinsic susceptibility shows non-Curie-Weiss behavior at high temperatures, in analogy to doped cuprates that possess robust non-local spin fluctuations. The distinct temperature dependence of the intrinsic susceptibility of LaNiO$_{2}$ can be theoretically understood by a multi-method study of the single-band Hubbard model in which we apply complementary cutting-edge quantum many-body techniques (dynamical mean-field theory, cellular dynamical mean-field theory and the dynamical vertex approximation) to investigate the influence of both short- and long-ranged correlations. Our results suggest a profound analogy between the magnetic correlations in parent (undoped) IL nickelates and doped cuprates.
description: 18 pages, 14 figures
General relativistic calculation of magnetic field and Power loss for a misaligned pulsar
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Sagnik
name: Mallick, Ritam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we model a pulsar as a general relativistic oblique rotator, where the oblique rotator is a rotationally deformed neutron star whose rotation and magnetic axis are inclined at an angle. The oblique rotator spins down, losing rotational energy through the magnetic poles. The magnetic field is assumed to be dipolar; however, the star has a non-zero azimuthal component due to the misalignment. The magnetic field induces an electric field for a force-free condition. The magnetic field decreases as the misalignment increases and is minimum along the equatorial plane of the star. In contrast, the electric field remains almost constant initially but decreases rapidly at a high misalignment angle. The charge separation at the star surface is qualitatively similar to that of Newtonian calculation. We find that the power loss for a general relativistic rotator is minimum for either an aligned or an orthogonal rotator, which contrasts with Newtonian calculation, where the power loss increases with an increase in the misalignment angle.
description: 19 page, 10 figures
Allopurinol and the Risk of Diabetic Macular Edema among U.S. Veterans with Type 2 Diabetes
Creators: name: Sutton, S. Scott
name: Magagnoli, Joseph
name: Cummings, Tammy H.
name: Hardin, James W.
name: Ambati, Jayakrishna
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: By inhibiting xanthine oxidase, subsequent inflammatory cytokine release and the resulting breakdown of the blood–retina barrier, allopurinol may limit the inflammation-driving diabetic macular edema (DME). We examined the relationship between allopurinol and DME among type 2 diabetic United States veterans using a retrospective cohort study.  We used propensity score matching and Cox hazard models to estimate the risk of DME. Propensity score-matched Cox models revealed allopurinol was associated with a 24.6% reduction in the risk of DME (HR = 0.754; 95% CI = (0.684–0.831)). Allopurinol could reduce the risk of DME, one of the major causes of visual disturbance among diabetic patients. Further research into the effects of allopurinol on DME is warranted.
Survey of Retina Specialists’ Attitudes and Practice Patterns of Screening and Management of Candida Endophthalmitis
Creators: name: Li, Albert S.
name: Deramo, Vincent A.
name: Ferrone, Philip J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Neuroscience
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: To understand retina specialists’ attitudes and practice patterns for screening for and managing Candida endophthalmitis and any impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on these practice patterns. A survey was developed on Survey Monkey and distributed to ASRS regular members via email in April 2021. The survey had 231 respondents, of whom 169 (73%) performed inpatient consultations. Ninety percent responded that they do not recommend routinely screening asymptomatic patients with candidemia. For unresponsive patients with candidemia that lack visible signs of endophthalmitis, 65% did not recommend routine screening. However, 85% reported their affiliated hospitals did not have a policy to defer such screening consultations; this proportion did not significantly change when asked if a policy was implemented in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. For patients with a dilated examination without signs of endophthalmitis, 89% surveyed recommended continuing systemic antifungals and reconsult PRN, while the remainder recommended repeat examinations until off antifungals. For initial management of Candida endophthalmitis, 55% indicated systemic antifungals only; 43% indicated systemic antifungals with tap & inject, and 2% indicated systemic antifungals with vitrectomy and intravitreal antifungals. A discordance exists between the prevailing opinion among retina specialists against routine Candida endophthalmitis screening and hospital consultation policies, which were not significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. In cases of diagnosed endogenous endophthalmitis, slightly more than half of surveyed retina specialists would not initiate additional treatment beyond systemic antifungals while just under half surveyed recommended initial tap and inject in addition to systemic antifungals.
title: Fenchel :
title: Richtlinien für die Durchführung der Prüfung auf Unterscheidbarkeit, Homogenität und Beständigkeit.
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: International Union For The Protection Of New Varieties Of Plants,
Publisher: name: International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants,
Year: 0
Subjects: Group identity.
New Varieties of Plants
Fennel

description: Zweck dieser Richtlinien („Prüfungsrichtlinien“) ist es, die in der Allgemeinen Einführung (Dokument TG/1/3) und deren verbundenen TGP-Dokumenten enthaltenen Grundsätze in detaillierte praktische Anleitung für die harmonisierte Prüfung der Unterscheidbarkeit, der Homogenität und der Beständigkeit (DUS) umzusetzen und insbesondere geeignete Merkmale für die DUS-Prüfung und die Erstellung harmonisierter Sortenbeschreibungen auszuweisen.
Cartographies of law: Mapping the inter-legalities of disaster recovery
Creators: name: Compton, Caroline
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Climate change
legal pluralism
contracts
international development
humanitarianism
climate change adaptation
relocation
displacement

description: This thesis considers shelter-recovery and relocation projects undertaken in the wake of Typhoon Haiyan. It transforms Boaventura de Sousa Santos’ “structural places” theory into an analytical methodology, to identify the inter-legal effects of complex regulatory environments. The thesis identifies the most significant sites of communicative interaction for the humanitarian shelter project, and the social agency, institutions, forms of legitimation, power, law, and common sense particular to each place. Once mapped, three case studies are developed from fieldwork carried out in the Philippines, in Tacloban City and on Bantayan Island, following Typhoon Haiyan (local name Yolanda) in late 2013. In both sites, Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) and climate-adaptation were incorporated into shelter reconstruction endeavour. The three case studies enable the recovery to be analysed from place-informed vantage points: from the site of the relationship between the state and those over whom it has jurisdiction, the relationship between the donor and implementing organisation, the relationship between members of the humanitarian community and the local community, and from the site of the project itself. The thesis demonstrates that while local forms of law regulate each of these sites, the regulatory matrix that directs action depends instead on the complex interaction between multiple legal orders and rationalities. In undertaking this task, the thesis demonstrates the usefulness of Santos’ structural places theory as a methodology. Further, it further provides insights on both adverse and positive outcomes in post-disaster shelter recovery.
Long Spin Coherence Times of Nitrogen Vacancy Centres in Milled Nanodiamonds
Creators: name: Wood, B. D.
name: Stimpson, G. A.
name: March, J. E.
name: Lekhai, Y. N. D.
name: Stephen, C. J.
name: Green, B. L.
name: Frangeskou, A. C.
name: Ginés, L.
name: Mandal, S.
name: Williams, O. A.
name: Morley, G. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nanodiamonds containing negatively charged nitrogen vacancy centres (${\text{NV}}^{-}$) have applications as localized sensors in biological material and have been proposed as a platform to probe the macroscopic limits of spatial superposition and the quantum nature of gravity. A key requirement for these applications is to obtain nanodiamonds containing ${\text{NV}}^{-}$ with long spin coherence times. Using milling to fabricate nanodiamonds processes the full 3D volume of the bulk material at once, unlike etching, but has, up to now, limited ${\text{NV}}^{-}$ spin coherence times. Here, we use natural isotopic abundance nanodiamonds produced by ${\text{Si}}_{3}{\text{N}}_{4}$ ball milling of bulk diamond grown by chemical vapour deposition with an average single substitutional nitrogen concentration of $121 ~\text{ppb}$. We show that the electron spin coherence times of ${\text{NV}}^{-}$ centres in these nanodiamonds can exceed $400 ~μ\text{s}$ at room temperature with dynamical decoupling. Scanning electron microscopy provides images of the specific nanodiamonds containing ${\text{NV}}^{-}$ for which a spin coherence time was measured.
description: Vresion 1: 13 pages, 7 figures. Standalone paper containing the nanodiamond spin coherence time results that first appeared in the pre-print "Matter and spin superposition in vacuum experiment (MASSIVE)" arXiv:2105.02105v1, with additional details added. Version 2: 11 pages, 7 figures. Grammar edits and reformatting to match published version
Using improved Operator Product Expansion in Borel-Laplace Sum Rules with ALEPH $τ$ decay data, and determination of pQCD coupling
Creators: name: Ayala, Cesar
name: Cvetic, Gorazd
name: Teca, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use improved truncated Operator Product Expansion (OPE) for the Adler function, involving two types of terms with dimension $D=6$, in the double-pinched Borel-Laplace Sum Rules and Finite Energy Sum Rules for the V+A channel strangeless semihadronic $τ$ decays. The generation of the higher order perturbative QCD terms of the $D=0$ part of the Adler function is carried out using a renormalon-motivated ansatz incorporating the leading UV renormalon and the first two leading IR renormalons. The trunacted $D=0$ part of the Sum Rules is evaluated by two variants of the fixed-order perturbation theory (FO), by Principal Value of the Borel resummation (PV), and by contour-improved perturbation theory (CI). For the experimental V+A channel spectral function we use the ALEPH $τ$-decay data. We point out that the truncated FO and PV evaluation methods account correctly for the renormalon structure of the Sum Rules, while this is not the case for the truncated CI evaluation. We extract the value of the ${\overline {\rm MS}}$ coupling $α_s(m_τ^2) = 0.3235^{+0.0138}_{-0.0126}$ [$α_s(M_Z^2)=0.1191 \pm 0.0016$] for the average of the two FO methods and the PV method, which we consider as our main result. If we included in the average also CI extraction, the value would be $α_s(m_τ^2) = 0.3299^{+0.0232}_{-0.0225}$ [$α_s(M_Z^2)=0.1199^{+0.0026}_{-0.0028}$]. This work is an extension and improvement of our previous work [Eur.Phys.J.C81 (2021) 10, 930] where we used for the truncated OPE a more naive (and widely used) form and where the extracted values for $α_s(M_Z^2)$ were somewhat lower.
description: v3: 20 pages, 6 figures; corrected list of references
Efficient simulation of controlled large quantum systems
Creators: name: Hush, Michael Robert
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: QC174.12.H87 2012
subject: Quantum theory
subject: Control theory
subject: Bose-Einstein condensation

description: Engineers are looking to produce technologies that exploit the full quantum nature of a system, including quantum computing, quantum communication and quantum metrol- ogy. Quantum control allows engineers to modify the behaviour of the full quantum state of a system, which will be an important part of making these technologies commercially viable. If these technologies are to be competitive, they must be scaled up to large sizes. We produce a novel toolset which can be used to simulate large con- trolled quantum systems efficiently. We target this toolset at a large quantum system that can immediately benefit: Bose-Einstein Condensates (BECs). We first develop the Controlled Fokker-Planck Equation (CFPE), which allows scalable simulation of a controlled BEC. We find using coherent-state-based methods to generate a CFPE produces solutions with severely limited integration times, as monitoring of a BEC is intrinsically involves continuous 'number-like' measurements. To solve this problem, we develop a novel representation based on number state which acts in harmony with the measurement: the Number-Phase Wigner (NPW) representation. The NPW method efficiently and accurately simulates controlled BECs. It converges over 4 orders of mag- nitude longer than its closest coherent-state-based competitor. Using the NPW we are able to perform the first full-field analysis of a BEC under a cooling feedback control. We find that quantum noise produces heating in BECs that was not previously pre- dicted using approximate methods. We remove the effects of quantum noise with the creation of a novel control.
Phantom energy supported wormhole model in $f(R,\,T)$ gravity assuming conformal motion
Creators: name: Bhar, Piyali
name: Rej, Pramit
name: Sahoo, P. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we have discussed Morris and Thorne (MT) wormhole solutions in a modified theory of gravity that admits conformal motion. Here we explore the wormhole solutions in $f(R,\,T)$ gravity, which is a function of the Ricci scalar ($R$) and the trace of the stress-energy tensor ($T$). To study wormhole geometries, we make assumption of spherical symmetric static spacetime and the existence of conformal Killing symmetry to get more acceptable astrophysical outcomes. To do this, we choose the expression of $f(R,\,T)$ as $f(R,T)= R+2 γT$. Here we employ the phantom energy EoS relating to radial pressure and density given by $p_r=ωρ$ with $ω
description: Accepted in International Journal of Modern Physics D on 23 November 2021; 15 Pages, 8 Figures
Spintronic Sources of Ultrashort Terahertz Electromagnetic Pulses
Creators: name: Seifert, Tom S.
name: Cheng, Liang
name: Wei, Zhengxing
name: Kampfrath, Tobias
name: Qi, Jingbo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spintronic terahertz emitters are novel, broadband and efficient sources of terahertz radiation, which emerged at the intersection of ultrafast spintronics and terahertz photonics. They are based on efficient spin-current generation, spin-to-charge-current and current-to-field conversion at terahertz rates. In this review, we address the recent developments and applications, the current understanding of the physical processes as well as the future challenges and perspectives of broadband spintronic terahertz emitters.
Rapid manufacturing of color-based hemispherical soft tactile fingertips
Creators: name: Scharff, Rob B. N.
name: Boonstra, Dirk-Jan
name: Willemet, Laurence
name: Lin, Xi
name: Wiertlewski, Michaël
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Tactile sensing can provide access to information about the contact (i.e. slippage, surface feature, friction), which is out of reach of vision but crucial for manipulation. To access this information, a dense measurement of the deformation of soft fingertips is necessary. Recently, tactile sensors that rely on a camera looking at a deformable membrane have demonstrated that a dense measurement of the contact is possible. However, their manufacturing can be time-consuming and labor-intensive. Here, we show a new design method that uses multi-color additive manufacturing and silicone casting to efficiently manufacture soft marker-based tactile sensors that are able to capture with high-resolution the three-dimensional deformation field at the interface. Each marker is composed of two superimposed color filters. The subtractive color mixing encodes the normal deformation of the membrane, and the lateral deformation is found by centroid detection. With this manufacturing method, we can reach a density of 400 markers on a 21 mm radius hemisphere, allowing for regular and dense measurement of the deformation. We calibrated and validated the approach by finding the curvature of objects with a threefold increase in accuracy as compared to previous implementations. The results demonstrate a simple yet effective approach to manufacturing artificial fingertips for capturing a rich image of the tactile interaction at the location of contact.
title: D. Mathez, S. Havard, Ph. Flandre, D. Paul, J. Leibowitch, "CD4 T cells decline in patients irrespectively of CD4 decline in patients irrespectively of CD4 T cell-Borne infectious HIVs"
Creators: name: Flandre, Ph.
name: Havard, S.
name: Paul, Deborah
name: Mathez, Dominique (19..-....)
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Exposé présenté au "NCI-NIH meeting sponsored by the LTCB, BETHESDA Md", 26 août 1993.
description: Source: http://www.calames.abes.fr/pub/ms/Calames-20193111031798145
Absorbance Enhancement of Monolayer MoS$_2$ in a Perfect Absorbing System
Creators: name: Zhang, Xia
name: Lawless, Julia
name: Li, Jing
name: Peters, Lisanne
name: McEvoy, Niall
name: Donegan, John F.
name: Bradley, A. Louise
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reveal numerically and experimentally that dielectric resonance can enhance the absorbance and emission of monolayer MoS$_2$. By quantifying the absorbance of the Si disk resonators and the monolayer MoS$_2$ separately, a model taking into account of absorbance as well as quantum efficiency modifications by the dielectric disk resonators successfully explains the observed emission enhancement under the normal light incidence. It is demonstrated that the experimentally observed emission enhancement at different pump wavelength results from the absorbance enhancement, which compensates the emission quenching by the disk resonators. In order to further maximize the absorbance value of monolayer MoS$_2$, a perfect absorbing structure is proposed. By placing a Au mirror beneath the Si nanodisks, the incident electromagnetic power is fully absorbed by the hybrid monolayer MoS$_2$-disk system. It is demonstrated that the electromagnetic power is re-distributed within the hybrid structure and 53\% of the total power is absorbed by the monolayer MoS$_2$ at the perfect absorbing wavelength.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, plus Supplementary Material
Excitonic fine structure of epitaxial Cd(Se,Te) on ZnTe type-II quantum dots
Creators: name: Klenovský, Petr
name: Baranowski, Piotr
name: Wojnar, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structure of the ground state exciton of Cd(Se,Te) quantum dots embedded in ZnTe matrix is studied experimentally using photoluminescence spectroscopy and theoretically using ${\bf k}\cdot{\bf p}$ and configuration interaction methods. The experiments reveal a considerable reduction of fine-structure splitting energy of the exciton with increase of Se content in the dots. That effect is interpreted by theoretical calculations to originate due to the transition from spatially direct (type-I) to indirect (type-II) transition between electrons and holes in the dot induced by increase of Se. The trends predicted by the theory match those of the experimental results very well.The theory identifies that the main mechanism causing elevated fine-structure energy in particular in type-I dots is due to the multipole expansion of the exchange interaction. Moreover, the theory reveals that for Se contents in the dot $>0.3$, there exist also a {\bf peculiar type of confinement showing signatures of both type~I and type~II} and which exhibits extraordinary properties, such as almost purely light hole character of exciton and toroidal shape of hole states.
Molecular evolution under increasing transposable element burden in Drosophila: A speed limit on the evolutionary arms race
Creators: name: Castillo, Dean M
name: Chang Mell, Joshua
name: Box, Kimberly S
name: Blumenstiel, Justin P
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Background: Genome architecture is profoundly influenced by transposable elements (TEs), and natural selection against their harmful effects is a critical factor limiting their spread. Genome defense by the piRNA silencing pathway also plays a crucial role in limiting TE proliferation. How these two forces jointly determine TE abundance is not well understood. To shed light on the nature of factors that predict TE success, we test three distinct hypotheses in the Drosophila genus. First, we determine whether TE abundance and relaxed genome-wide purifying selection on protein sequences are positively correlated. This serves to test the hypothesis that variation in TE abundance in the Drosophila genus can be explained by the strength of natural selection, relative to drift, acting in parallel against mildly deleterious non-synonymous mutations. Second, we test whether increasing TE abundance is correlated with an increased rate of amino-acid evolution in genes encoding the piRNA machinery, as might be predicted by an evolutionary arms race model. Third, we test whether increasing TE abundance is correlated with greater codon bias in genes of the piRNA machinery. This is predicted if increasing TE abundance selects for increased efficiency in the machinery of genome defense. Results: Surprisingly, we find neither of the first two hypotheses to be true. Specifically, we found that genome-wide levels of purifying selection, measured by the ratio of non-synonymous to synonymous substitution rates (ω), were greater in species with greater TE abundance. In addition, species with greater TE abundance have greater levels of purifying selection in the piRNA machinery. In contrast, it appears that increasing TE abundance has primarily driven adaptation in the piRNA machinery by increasing codon bias. Conclusions: These results indicate that within the Drosophila genus, a historically reduced strength of selection relative to drift is unlikely to explain patterns of increased TE success across species. Other factors, such as ecological exposure, are likely to contribute to variation in TE abundances within species. Furthermore, constraints on the piRNA machinery may temper the evolutionary arms race that would drive increasing rates of evolution at the amino acid level. In the face of these constraints, selection may act primarily by improving the translational efficiency of the machinery of genome defense through efficient codon usage.