cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Developing Status of Specialized Farmers Cooperatives: Based on the Investigation Data of 162 Villages in Sichuan Province, China
Creators: name: Zhang, Pingjie
name: Zhang, Yuan
name: Hu, Jing-Wei
name: Huang, Ling
name: Zhang, Pingjie
name: Zhang, Yuan
name: Hu, Jing-Wei
name: Huang, Ling
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Public Economics
subject: Specialized Farmers Cooperative
subject: China
subject: Development status
subject: Peasants' Specialized Cooperative Economic Organization

description: Concepts of Specialized Farmers Cooperative (cooperative) and Peasants' Specialized Cooperative Economic Organization (Specialized Cooperative Organization) are introduced. Specialized Cooperative Organization having no independent status of legal person is taken as the reference object when studying on the village level cooperative. Taking a total 162 villages in 12 cities as data sources, data investigation is carried out in the form of questionnaire and interview. Development status of Specialized Farmers Cooperatives in sample sites is introduced. On the whole, more than 20% of the sample sites have set up cooperatives, with an average of 0.23 new cooperative in each village, indicating that the coverage rate of cooperative is low. According to the leaders, development modes of cooperative and Specialized Cooperative Organization are divided into 7 types. Among them, “village committee + Specialized Cooperative Organization + peasant household”, “base + Specialized Cooperative Organization + peasant household”, and “Specialized Cooperative Organization + peasant household” are 3 major modes in sample sites. And “company +cooperative + peasant household” is the main operation mode of the newly established cooperative. Investigation data shows that new cooperative is significant superior to Specialized Cooperative Organization in offering relevant services. Most of the village cadres keep a positive attitude about the function of Specialized Cooperative Organization; and almost no village cadre thinks that the function of cooperative or Specialized Cooperative Organization is very poor. A total of 43.83% of people interviewed believe that the lack of government support is the primary difficulty in the development of cooperative. Based on this, relevant suggestions are put forward to promote the development of cooperative. Firstly, actively promote the implementation of the Law of Cooperatives. Secondly, strengthen the supervision of cooperatives. Thirdly, positive effect of rural basic party organizations and village committees should be closely combined with local economic development and cooperative construction.
The Union War Histories and the Battle for the History ff the Second World War in South Africa
Creators: name: Van Der Waag, Ian
Publisher: name: Wiedza Obronna
Year: 2021

description: Military History has three primary audiences: the general public, academe, and the armed forces – each has its own beliefs regarding the purpose and utility of the military past. Recognising the value of a war history for South Africa, Jan Smuts created the Union War Histories section in 1941. Yet the men appointed to write this history realised that they would never be able to satisfy all three competing readerships. This paper examines the research production of the Union War Histories section as well as the official and public response to their work, which is placed within a wider historiographical process. The notion of a historiographical progression – of an intersecting chain of counter narratives – is posited: accounts by journalists, official historians, personal narrators and regimental historians, leading to a post-participant historiography. This is a progression that seems to hold true for South Africa’s other wars, and indeed the wars of other countries.
description: Wiedza Obronna, Tom 274 Nr 1 (2021)
Exposing Hardware Building Blocks to Machine Learning Frameworks
Creators: name: Akhauri, Yash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: There are a plethora of applications that demand high throughput and low latency algorithms leveraging machine learning methods. This need for real time processing can be seen in industries ranging from developing neural network based pre-distortors for enhanced mobile broadband to designing FPGA-based triggers in major scientific efforts by CERN for particle physics. In this thesis, we explore how niche domains can benefit vastly if we look at neurons as a unique boolean function of the form $f:B^{I} \rightarrow B^{O}$, where $B = \{0,1\}$. We focus on how to design topologies that complement such a view of neurons, how to automate such a strategy of neural network design, and inference of such networks on Xilinx FPGAs. Major hardware borne constraints arise when designing topologies that view neurons as unique boolean functions. Fundamentally, realizing such topologies on hardware asserts a strict limit on the 'fan-in' bits of a neuron due to the doubling of permutations possible with every increment in input bit-length. We address this limit by exploring different methods of implementing sparsity and explore activation quantization. Further, we develop a library that supports training a neural network with custom sparsity and quantization. This library also supports conversion of trained Sparse Quantized networks from PyTorch to VERILOG code which is then synthesized using Vivado, all of which is part of the LogicNet tool-flow. To aid faster prototyping, we also support calculation of the worst-case hardware cost of any given topology. We hope that our insights into the behavior of extremely sparse quantized neural networks are of use to the research community and by extension allow people to use the LogicNet design flow to deploy highly efficient neural networks.
description: 62 pages, 22 figures, 14 tables
Propensity Analysis on Consumption Expenditure of Rural Residents in Hebei Province, China
Creators: name: Liu, Meng
name: Wang, Guirong
name: Wang, Huijun
name: Liu, Meng
name: Wang, Guirong
name: Wang, Huijun
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Hebei Province
subject: China
subject: Rural residents
subject: Living consumption
subject: Propensity of expenditure

description: Consumption expenditure of rural residents can be divided into eight types of indices, such as food consumption expenditure, clothing consumption expenditure, household equipment and service consumption expenditure, health care consumption expenditure, transportation and communication consumption expenditure, cultural and educational entertainment and service consumption expenditure, housing consumption expenditure, and other goods and services consumption expenditure. Changes in structures of rural survivable consumption (food, clothing, housing, and cultural entertainment) and rural enjoyable consumption (transportation and communication, household equipment and services, health care and other goods and services) are analyzed in order to discuss the structural change of consumption expenditure of rural residents in Hebei Province, China. It is concluded that consumption expenditure of rural residents has increased year by year in Hebei Province with the enhancement of consumption level and the slight reduction of survivable consumption which is mainly caused by the decline of food consumption. Meanwhile, there is a slow growth of enjoyable consumption, mainly reflected in the transportation and communication expenditure and other goods and services expenditure. According to the investigation data of rural residents in Hebei Province from the year 2003 to 2007, qualitative analysis on the eight indices of consumption expenditure is conducted. Principal Component Analysis is used to analyze the change of consumption structure of rural residents in Hebei Province. It can be deduced that consumption structure of rural residents in Hebei Province has changed from survivable consumption to enjoyable consumption and the consumption level of rural residents has increased constantly.
A proposal of hydrogen safety technology for decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant
Creators: name: Tanaka, H.
name: Iwata, S.
name: Yamamoto, T.
name: Kita, T.
name: Terada, A.
name: Matsumura, D.
name: Taniguchi, M.
name: Reinecke, Ernst-Arndt
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2024

description: WHEC2024, Cancun, Mexico, 23 Jun 2024 - 27 Jun 2024
description: see attached
Political Persistence, Connections and Economic Growth
Creators: name: Bellettini, Giorgio
name: Berti Ceroni, Carlotta
name: Prarolo, Giovanni
name: Bellettini, Giorgio
name: Berti Ceroni, Carlotta
name: Prarolo, Giovanni
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Political Persistence
subject: Growth
subject: Innovation

description: Using data on a panel of 56 democratic countries in the period 1975-2004, we find evidence of a negative association between political stability and economic growth which is stronger and empirically more robust in countries with high bureaucratic costs. Motivated by these results, which contrast with previous contributions, we develop a model of growth with quality improvements where political connections with long-term politicians can be exploited by low-quality producers to defend their monopoly position and prevent innovation and entry of high-quality competitors. This requires that the incumbent politician remains in office and that the red-tape cost advantage granted by political connections is large relative to the quality upgrade related to innovation. Consistently with our empirical findings, the model delivers a negative association between the probability that the incumbent politician remains in office and average economic growth in the presence of high bureaucratic costs.
Effect of cover crop on apple leafroller populations, leafroller parasitism and selected arthropods in an orchard managed without insecticides
Creators: name: Mullinix, Mark Kent
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In Washington State the Pandemis leafroller, Pandemis pyrusana (Kerefoll) and obliquebanded leafroller, Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris) are serious pests in orchards in which mating disruption is used to control codling moth, Cydia pomenella. Resistance to organophosphate insecticides exacerbates the problem. Additionally, many question the dependence on insecticides and call for ecologically-based pest management. Parasitoid and predator conservation and augmentation via insecticide reduction and habitat manipulation are tactics proposed to achieve biological control. The objectives of these studies were to: 1) evaluate and compare development of leafroller populations and their biological control by parasitoids in an apple orchard with either a grass or alfalfa cover and in which no insecticides were used; 2) evaluate the influence of cover crops on the general orchard arthropod population in an orchard managed without insecticides; 3) evaluate the use of alfalfa as an orchard cover crop on fruit tree growth and development; and 4) conduct initial testing of strategies for augmenting the leafroller parasitoid Colpoclypeous florus. Experiments were conducted in an East Wenatchee, Washington apple orchard, over four years. Plots were approximately 0.5 ha in size and were sown to either grass cover or alfalfa. Insecticide applications were eliminated. In the absence of broad-spectrum insecticides leafroller populations initially rose to high levels and then dramatically declined. A granulovirus may have been primarily responsible for the decline. Leafroller parasitoids also contributed to leafroller biological control though not extensively. There were no differences in leafroller populations between ground cover treatments. In some instances parasitism was slightly greater in the alfalfa cover plots but this did not seem of any practical significance. Six species were identified in the parasitoid complex. No secondary arthropod pest achieved pest status in either ground cover during the study. Codling moth however became a serious problem in year four. Attempts to augment C. floras populations by seeding parasitized Ancylis comptana fragaria failed. Attempts to establish Xenotemna pallorana on the alfalfa cover to serve as an alternate host for C. floras were likewise unsuccessful. Alfalfa as a cover crop imposed no adverse effects on tree growth and development during the duration of these studies.
Biominerals with Texture Gradients are Functionally Graded Bioceramics Toughened by Stress Delocalization
Creators: name: Wallis, David
name: Harris, Joe
name: Böhm, Corinna F.
name: Wang, Di
name: Zavattieri, Pablo
name: Feldner, Patrick
name: Merle, Benoit
name: Pipich, Vitaliy
name: Hurle, Katrin
name: Leupold, Simon
name: Hansen, Lars N.
name: Marin, Frédéric
name: Wolf, Stephan E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Biomineralizing organisms are widely noted and extensively studied due to their ability to generate structures exhibiting exceptional crystallographic control. Primarily, it is the organisms, such as sea-urchins or bivalves, that generate nearly single-crystalline biocrystals that have attracted attention. In contrast, biomineralizing organisms with seemingly disordered polycrystalline bio-armor have been left relatively unstudied. However, the crystalline ordering in the black-lipped pearl oyster, Pinctada margaritifera, reveals that biominerals with varying crystal textures are an unrecognized class of functionally graded materials. Changing crystal textures inevitably cause a variation in Young modulus due to the orientation-dependent mechanical properties of crystals. The case of Pinctada margaritifera demonstrates that bioceramics with such crystallographical gradients are toughened by stress delocalization and reduced stress intensity factors, outperforming non-graded counterparts. These findings suggest that a multitude of biominerals, which are perceived as poorly ordered because of their polycrystallinity and changing crystal textures, may be considered as graded materials with hitherto unidentified emergent mechanical properties. The underlying design principle is remarkably simple and applicable to a wide range of crystalline material classes and may thus serve as a blueprint for future bioinspired functional materials.
The Deep-Pocket Effect of Internal Capital Markets
Creators: name: Boutin, Xavier
name: Cestone, Giacinta
name: Fumagalli, Chiara
name: Pica, Giovanni
name: Serrano-Velarde, Nicolas
name: Boutin, Xavier
name: Cestone, Giacinta
name: Fumagalli, Chiara
name: Pica, Giovanni
name: Serrano-Velarde, Nicolas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Business Groups
subject: Cash Holdings
subject: Internal Capital Markets
subject: Deep-Pockets
subject: Market Entry

description: This paper provides evidence that incumbents' access to group deep pockets has a negative impact on entry in product markets. Relying on a unique French data set on business groups, the paper presents three major findings. First, consistent with theoretical predictions, the amount of financial resources owned by incumbent-affiliated groups has a negative impact on entry in a market. This suggests that internal capital markets operate within corporate groups and that they have a potential anti-competitive effect. Second, the impact on entry of group financial strength is more important in markets where access to external funding is likely to be more difficult. Third, the more active are internal capital markets, the more pronounced the effect on entry of group deep pockets.
Criticality in correlated quantum matter
Creators: name: Kopp, Angela
name: Chakravarty, Sudip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At quantum critical points (QCP) \cite{Pfeuty:1971,Young:1975,Hertz:1976,Chakravarty:1989,Millis:1993,Chubukov:1 994,Coleman:2005} there are quantum fluctuations on all length scales, from microscopic to macroscopic lengths, which, remarkably, can be observed at finite temperatures, the regime to which all experiments are necessarily confined. A fundamental question is how high in temperature can the effects of quantum criticality persist? That is, can physical observables be described in terms of universal scaling functions originating from the QCPs? Here we answer these questions by examining exact solutions of models of correlated systems and find that the temperature can be surprisingly high. As a powerful illustration of quantum criticality, we predict that the zero temperature superfluid density, $ρ_{s}(0)$, and the transition temperature, $T_{c}$, of the cuprates are related by $T_{c}\proptoρ_{s}(0)^y$, where the exponent $y$ is different at the two edges of the superconducting dome, signifying the respective QCPs. This relationship can be tested in high quality crystals.
description: Final accepted version not including minor stylistic corrections
Simulating a Sequential Coalition Formation Process for the Climate Change Problem: First Come, but Second Served?
Creators: name: Finus, Michael
name: Rundshagen, Bianca
name: Eyckmans, Johan
name: Finus, Michael
name: Rundshagen, Bianca
name: Eyckmans, Johan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: International Climate Agreements
subject: Sequential Coalition Formation
subject: Coordination through Moderator
subject: Integrated Assessment Model
subject: Algorithm for Computations

description: We analyze stability of self-enforcing climate agreements based on a data set generated by the CLIMNEG world simulation model (CWSM), version 1.2. We consider two new aspects which appear important in actual treaty-making. First, we consider a sequential coalition formation process where players can make proposals which are either accepted or countered by other proposals. Second, we analyze whether a moderator, like an international organization, even without enforcement power, can improve upon globally suboptimal outcomes through coordinating actions by making recommendations that must be Pareto-improving to all parties. We discuss the conceptual difficulties of implementing our algorithm.
Systematic Review Protocol - Database on Tools and Instruments for Assessing User Capabilities for Inclusive Design Projects
Creators: name: Pichler, Rosimeri Franck
name: Mendonça, Tercilia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 120305 Industrial Design
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: 120303 Design Management and Studio and Professional Practice
subject: 120301 Design History and Theory
subject: 120403 Engineering Design Methods
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: Design

description: Background
 The development of inclusive products requires the adaptation of the product demand to the user capabilities. There are many areas of knowledge that already produced this tools and instruments, however, their systematic use in the inclusive design process is limited and under explored.

 Objectives This project aims to consolidate a database on Tools and Instruments for Assessing the capabilities and limitations of users to be applied in the inclusive design process, obtained through Systematic Review.
 Methods
 Online databases will be used to identify tools and instruments that assessing user’s capabilities and limitations. Case reports and recommendations will be excluded, as well as articles that doesn’t use or relate tools and/or instruments.
Abatement and Allocation in the Pilot Phase of the EU ETS
Creators: name: Anderson, Barry
name: Di Maria, Corrado
name: Convery, Frank J.
name: Anderson, Barry
name: Di Maria, Corrado
name: Convery, Frank J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Emissions Trading Scheme
subject: Climate Policy
subject: Dynamic Panel Data Analysis

description: We use historical industrial emissions data to assess the level of abatement and overallocation that took place across European countries during the pilot phase (2005-2007)of the European Union Emission Trading Scheme. Using a dynamic panel data model, we estimate the counterfactual (business-as-usual) emissions scenario for EU member states. Comparing this baseline to allocated and verified emissions, we conclude that both overallocation and abatement occurred, along with under-allocation and emissions inflation. Over the three trading years of the pilot phase we find over-allocation of approximately 376 million EUAs (6%) and total abatement at the member state level of 107 Mt CO2 (1.8%). However, due to over-allocation and possible uncertainty about future allocation methodologies, we calculate that emissions inflation of approximately 119 Mt CO2 (2%) occurred, resulting in emissions over the pilot phase being approximately 12 Mt CO2 (0.2%) higher than they would have been in the absence of the EU ETS.
Systematic Review Protocol - Database of Tools and Instruments for Assessing User Capabilities for Inclusive Design Projects
Creators: name: Pichler, Rosimeri Franck
name: Mendonça, Tercilia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 120305 Industrial Design
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: 120303 Design Management and Studio and Professional Practice
subject: 120301 Design History and Theory
subject: 120403 Engineering Design Methods
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: Design

description: Background
 The development of inclusive products requires the adaptation of the product demand to the user capabilities. There are many areas of knowledge that already produced this tools and instruments, however, their systematic use in the inclusive design process is limited and under explored.

 Objectives This project aims to consolidate a database on Tools and Instruments for Assessing the capabilities and limitations of users to be applied in the inclusive design process, obtained through Systematic Review.

Methods
 Online databases will be used to identify tools and instruments that assessing user’s capabilities and limitations. Case reports and recommendations will be excluded, as well as articles that doesn’t use or relate tools and/or instruments.
Health-enhancing Activities and the Environment: How Competition for Resources makes the Environmental Policy Beneficial
Creators: name: Pautrel, Xavier
name: Pautrel, Xavier
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Growth
subject: Environment
subject: Health
subject: Overlapping Generations

description: In a two-period overlapping generations model, this paper demonstrates that the relationship between the environmental taxation and the economic activity (level- and growth-output) becomes inverted-U shaped, when the detrimental impact of pollution on health and the private decision of each working-age agent to improve her health are taken into account. Especially, a tighter environmental tax is more likely to promote (rather than to harm) output-level and –growth when health is very sensitive to pollution, the weight of health in preferences is high, the polluting capacity of the production technology is high and the rate of natural purification of pollutants is low. The inverted-U shaped relationship between the environmental tax and the economic activity is due to a positive effect arising from the competition for resources between the final output sector and the health-enhancing activities that offsets the conventional detrimental “drag-down effect” for low values of the environmental tax. We also demonstrate that the link between the environmental tax and the lifetime welfare is inverted-U shaped as well. Finally, we investigate the social optimum and the determinants of the optimal environmental tax.
Point of care compatible sample preparation buffer for direct SARS-CoV-2 detection in gargle samples
Creators: name: Posch, Barbara
name: Osinkina, Lidiya
name: Stehr, Joachim
name: Peham, Johannes Rudolf
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: sample treatment
DECISION
point of care
rapid sample preparation
sample treatment buffer
gargling samples
gargle specimen

description: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic increased public interest in fast sample analysis of saliva or gargle samples. The gold standard for saliva or gargle sample processing still includes expensive and time-consuming RNA extraction. Here we propose a fast and simple sample treatment buffer (RACE buffer) as alternative for gargling samples, which is PCR compatible and applicable for point of care detection methods such as loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP).  These LAMP reactions can be verified with the naked eye, suggesting usage of the RACE buffer for either laboratory routine or point of care testing.
Activation function dependence of the storage capacity of treelike neural networks
Creators: name: Zavatone-Veth, Jacob A.
name: Pehlevan, Cengiz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The expressive power of artificial neural networks crucially depends on the nonlinearity of their activation functions. Though a wide variety of nonlinear activation functions have been proposed for use in artificial neural networks, a detailed understanding of their role in determining the expressive power of a network has not emerged. Here, we study how activation functions affect the storage capacity of treelike two-layer networks. We relate the boundedness or divergence of the capacity in the infinite-width limit to the smoothness of the activation function, elucidating the relationship between previously studied special cases. Our results show that nonlinearity can both increase capacity and decrease the robustness of classification, and provide simple estimates for the capacity of networks with several commonly used activation functions. Furthermore, they generate a hypothesis for the functional benefit of dendritic spikes in branched neurons.
description: 5+23 pages, 2+4 figures. v3: accepted for publication as a Letter in Physical Review E
Experimental Observation of Tensor Monopoles with a Superconducting Qudit
Creators: name: Tan, Xinsheng
name: Zhang, Dan-Wei
name: Zheng, Wen
name: Yang, Xiaopei
name: Song, Shuqing
name: Han, Zhikun
name: Dong, Yuqian
name: Wang, Zhimin
name: Lan, Dong
name: Yan, Hui
name: Zhu, Shi-Liang
name: Yu, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Monopoles play a center role in gauge theories and topological matter. There are two fundamental types of monopoles in physics: vector monopoles and tensor monopoles. Examples of vector monopoles include the Dirac monopole in 3D and Yang monopole in 5D, which have been extensively studied and observed in condensed matter or artificial systems. However, tensor monopoles are less studied, and their observation has not been reported. Here we experimentally construct a tunable spin-1 Hamiltonian to generate a tensor monopole and then measure its unique features with superconducting quantum circuits. The energy structure of a 4D Weyl-like Hamiltonian with three-fold degenerate points acting as tensor monopoles is imaged. Through quantum-metric measurements, we report the first experiment that measures the Dixmier-Douady invariant, the topological charge of the tensor monopole. Moreover, we observe topological phase transitions characterized by the topological Dixmier-Douady invariant, rather than the Chern numbers as used for conventional monopoles in odd-dimensional spaces.
description: 6+6 pages, 4+4 figures; version accepted for publication in PRL
Hydrogen safety in cogeneration processes - overview of methodologies and challenges
Creators: name: Bentaib, A.
name: Reinecke, Ernst-Arndt
name: Chaumeix, N.
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2024

description: IAEA, Vienna, Austria, 12 Nov 2024 - 14 Nov 2024
description: see attached
Defining the genomic elements that control optic vesicle differentiation
Creators: name: Owen, Liusaidh
Publisher: name: The University of Edinburgh
Year: 2021

description: Major malformations of both eyes are commonly genetically determined and a common cause of severe visual impairment in childhood. Currently, mutation in the coding region of the genome explains less than half of cases which highlights the need to define the active regulatory elements controlling the genes that cause these malformations. My thesis is focused on understanding the genetic mechanisms controlling early eye development by using a mouse organoid model to study the changes in gene expression, and regulation that control specification of the eye field and formation of optic vesicles. The first aim of my thesis addresses the transcriptomic changes over time that drive optic vesicle differentiation from mouse embryonic stem cells. I have identified a set of genes that are upregulated in the optic vesicle lineage. This list contains genes which overlap with the Xenopus eye field transcription factors, and genes which are associated with many human ocular phenotypes, as well as others not yet directly associated with eye development. I also assayed chromatin accessibility during optic vesicle organoid differentiation to identify cis-regulatory regions controlling the gene expression changes. Combining gene expression, chromatin accessibility and transcription factor binding motifs has highlighted potential regulatory elements involved in optic vesicle differentiation. I have focused on the topologically associated domains surrounding Pax6, Rax and Six6 and identified elements that are likely to regulate expression of these genes based on transcription factor footprinting and the changes in chromatin accessibility over time. Finally, I created a Pax6 knockout cell line to test how cells differentiate without a transcription factor essential for eye development. In the absence of Pax6, the cells are able to partially differentiate but do not form optic vesicles. The cells without Pax6 expression also fail to activate expression of other genes important for optic vesicle differentiation including Lhx2 and Rax. These results indicate the optic vesicle organoid system is suitable for modelling vertebrate eye development and can be useful to elucidate the gene regulatory networks controlling eye development.
Anxiety of students with visual impairment in school for visually impaired students in Thailand
Creators: name: Penphitcha Leksaranyaphonga
name: Siriluck Suppapitiporn
Publisher: name: Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Anxiety
students
visual impairment

description: Chulalongkorn Medical Journal, 65, 2, 187-194
Long Term Changes in Voting Power and Control Structure following the Unification of Dual Class Shares
Creators: name: Lauterbach, Beni
name: Yafeh, Yishay
name: Lauterbach, Beni
name: Yafeh, Yishay
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Dual Class Shares
subject: Corporate Governance

description: We follow the evolution of ownership structure in a sample of 80 Israeli companies that unified their dual-class shares in the 1990s, and compare it with a control sample of firms that maintained their dual share structure at least until 2000. Our main findings are as follows. First, controlling shareholders offset the dilution of voting rights they incurred upon unification by: 1) increasing their holdings prior to the unification (ex-ante preparation), and 2) by buying shares afterwards; by the end of the sample period their voting power was only marginally lower than in the control sample. This suggests that marginal voting rights are important to controlling shareholders even beyond the 50% threshold. Second, share unifications were not associated with much change in the identity of controlling shareholders. Third, the proportion of firms affiliated with pyramidal business groups in the sample of unifying firms was lower than in the population of listed firms as a whole and not different from that in the control sample, suggesting that pyramidal ownership structures did not replace dual class shares. Finally, unifying firms did not exhibit a substantial improvement in their performance and valuation in comparison with the control sample. We conclude that the regulatory attempt to enforce one share-one vote yielded, at best, a minor improvement in corporate governance.
Effects of customized foot orthoses on lower limbs kinematics in adults with highly pronated foot
Creators: name: Pimwadee Permsombat
name: Praneet Pensri
Publisher: name: Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Pronated foot
foot orthoses
kinematics
walking

description: Chulalongkorn Medical Journal, 65, 2, 195-205
Gravitational collapse in anti de Sitter space
Creators: name: Garfinkle, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A numerical and analytic treatment is presented here of the evolution of initial data of the kind that was conjectured by Hertog, Horowitz and Maeda to lead to a violation of cosmic censorship. That initial data is essentially a thick domain wall connecting two regions of anti de Sitter space. The evolution results in no violation of cosmic censorship, but rather the formation of a small black hole.
description: 9 pages, 13 figures
Deposition distribution of the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in the human airways upon exposure to cough-generated aerosol
Creators: name: Madas, Balázs G.
name: Füri, Péter
name: Farkas, Árpád
name: Nagy, Attila
name: Czitrovszky, Aladár
name: Balásházy, Imre
name: Schay, Gusztáv G.
name: Horváth, Alpár
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been emerged as a rapidly spreading pandemic. The disease is thought to spread mainly from person-to-person through respiratory droplets produced when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. The pathogen of COVID-19 is the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It infects the cells binding to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor (ACE2) which is expressed by cells throughout the airways as targets for cellular entry. Although the majority of persons infected with SARS-CoV-2 experience symptoms of mild upper respiratory tract infection, in some people infections of the peripheral airways result in severe, potentially fatal pneumonia. However, the induction of COVID-19 pneumonia requires that SARS-CoV-2 reaches the peripheral airways. While huge efforts have been made to understand the spread of the disease as well as the pathogenesis following cellular entry, much less attention is paid how SARS-CoV-2 from the environment reach the receptors of the target cells. The aim of the present study is to characterize the deposition distribution of SARS-CoV-2 in the airways upon exposure to cough-generated aerosol. For this purpose, the Stochastic Lung Deposition Model has been applied. Aerosol size distribution and breathing parameters were taken from the literature supposing normal breathing through the nose. We found that the probability of direct infection of the peripheral airways due to inhalation of aerosol generated by a bystander cough is very low. As the number of pathogens deposited in the extrathoracic airways is ~10 times higher than in the peripheral airways, we concluded that in most cases COVID-19 pneumonia must be preceded by SARS-CoV-2 infection of the upper airways. Our results suggest that without the enhancement of viral load in the upper airways, COVID-19 would be much less dangerous...
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Generating novel molecular tools to manipulate gene regulation in cyanobacteria
Creators: name: Gale, Grant Arthur Ronald
Publisher: name: The University of Edinburgh
Year: 2021

description: Cyanobacteria are unique among prokaryotes in that they can conduct oxygenic photosynthesis. With just the addition of light, water and some trace minerals, cyanobacteria utilise carbon dioxide to synthesise the simple carbohydrates required to produce the chemical energy that drives all cellular processes. Cyanobacteria have a complex metabolism when compared to other model heterotrophs (e.g. Escherichia coli) and therefore can produce a wide variety of complex biomolecules not possible in other prokaryotes. Although cyanobacteria show great potential for green biotechnology applications, availability of molecular tools and strategies required to drive forward basic research and the engineering of new strains alike, has been quite limited. To address the lack of a unified strategy for the engineering of cyanobacteria, we developed a molecular cloning system called CyanoGate that unifies cyanobacteria and plants. This system is based on the widely adopted modular and high throughput Golden Gate cloning syntax. CyanoGate contains a suite of well characterised modular parts and acceptors for episomal and chromosomal gene expression, genome engineering applications, and CRISPR interference and sRNA tools for gene repression studies. Building on the CyanoGate platform, I adapted a strategy for the evaluation of transcription terminators. Transcription terminators are important control elements for the regulation of gene expression, and there have been relatively few studies limited only to the model species Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 thus far. Here, I have constructed and validated a high throughput molecular tool that can be used in any organism where the broad host range RSF1010 origin of replication is functional. With this tool, a library of transcription terminators was characterised and compared between Escherichia coli, Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 and Synechococcus elongatus UTEX 2973. Surprisingly, our findings showed that transcription termination efficiency was not only different between E. coli and cyanobacteria, but the library also performed differently between cyanobacterial species. Lastly, I investigated several heterologous inducible and repressible expression systems in Synechocystis. I developed a rhamnose-responsive genetic inverter with a range of output strengths using a transcription factor repressor new to cyanobacteria. There are very few inducible and repressible systems thus far reported as functional in cyanobacteria, and this new repressor will be a useful addition for the construction of more complex gene circuits in cyanobacteria.
Toward more accurate measurement of the impact of online instructional design on students' ability to transfer physics problem-solving skills
Creators: name: Whitcomb, Kyle M.
name: Guthrie, Matthew W.
name: Singh, Chandralekha
name: Chen, Zhongzhou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In two earlier studies, we developed a new method to measure students' ability to transfer physics problem solving skills to new contexts using a sequence of online learning modules, and implemented two interventions in the form of additional learning modules designed to improve transfer ability. The current paper introduces a new data analysis scheme that could improve the accuracy of the measurement by accounting for possible differences in students' goal orientation and behavior, as well as revealing the possible mechanism by which one of the two interventions improves transfer ability. Based on a two by two framework of self-regulated learning, students with a performance-avoidance oriented goal are more likely to guess on some of the assessment attempts in order to save time, resulting in an underestimation of the student populations' transfer ability. The current analysis shows that about half of the students had frequent brief initial assessment attempts, and significantly lower correct rates on certain modules, which we think is likely to have originated at least in part from students adopting a performance-avoidance strategy. We then divided the remaining population, for which we can be certain that few students adopted a performance-avoidance strategy, based on whether they interacted with one of the intervention modules designed to develop basic problem solving skills, or passed that module on their first attempt without interacting with the instructional material. By comparing to propensity score matched populations from a previous semester, we found that the improvement in subsequent transfer performance observed in a previous study mainly came from the latter population, suggesting that the intervention served as an effective reminder for students to activate existing skills, but fell short of developing those skills among those who have yet to master it.
description: Updated abstract, body, and captions after referee comments
Providing Culturally Responsive and Ethical Access To Indigenous Collections
Creators: name: Carpenter, Brian
name: Haynes, Caitlin
name: Marsh, Diana
name: Posas, Lisa
name: Punzalan, Ricardo L.
name: Rappaport, Gina
name: Stoner, Melissa
Publisher: name: Archival Outlook
Year: 2019
Subjects: access
archives
Indigenous
communities
Native American
ethics
archival studies
archival policies
collaboration
colonialism
collections

description: SAA’s Code of Ethics states, “Archivists promote the respectful use of culturally sensitive materials in their care by encouraging researchers to consult with communities of origin, recognizing that privacy has both legal and cultural dimensions.” For repositories with Native archival materials, it’s especially important to develop clear guidelines for handling material. Six archivists share how their repositories are shifting policies and practices to promote respectful use of Native archival materials.
On the Realized Volatility of the ECX CO2 Emissions 2008 Futures Contract: Distribution, Dynamics and Forecasting
Creators: name: Chevallier, Julien
name: Benoit, Sevi
name: Chevallier, Julien
name: Benoit, Sevi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: CO2 Price
subject: Realized Volatility
subject: HAR-RV
subject: GARCH
subject: Futures Trading
subject: Emissions Markets
subject: EU ETS
subject: Intraday data
subject: Forecasting

description: The recent implementation of the EU Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS) in January 2005 created new financial risks for emitting firms. To deal with these risks, options are traded since October 2006. Because the EU ETS is a new market, the relevant underlying model for option pricing is still a controversial issue. This article improves our understanding of this issue by characterizing the conditional and unconditional distributions of the realized volatility for the 2008 futures contract in the European Climate Exchange (ECX), which is valid during Phase II (2008-2012) of the EU ETS. The realized volatility measures from naive, kernel-based and subsampling estimators are used to obtain inferences about the distributional and dynamic properties of the ECX emissions futures volatility. The distribution of the daily realized volatility in logarithmic form is shown to be close to normal. The mixture-of-distributions hypothesis is strongly rejected, as the returns standardized using daily measures of volatility clearly departs from normality. A simplified HAR-RV model (Corsi, 2009) with only a weekly component, which reproduces long memory properties of the series, is then used to model the volatility dynamics. Finally, the predictive accuracy of the HAR-RV model is tested against GARCH specifications using one-step-ahead forecasts, which confirms the HAR-RV superior ability. Our conclusions indicate that (i) the standard Brownian motion is not an adequate tool for option pricing in the EU ETS, and (ii) a jump component should be included in the stochastic process to price options, thus providing more efficient tools for risk-management activities.
Psychosocial predictors of downloading a mobile app promoting healthy and sustainable eating
Creators: name: Azzena, Italo
name: Pompili, Sara
name: Festa, Simone
name: Lenzi, Michela
name: Carraro, Luciana
name: Guidetti, Margherita
name: Cavazza, Nicoletta
name: Catellani, Patrizia
name: Carfora, Valentina
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: To reduce the environmental impact of food production has spurred the development of digital tools to promote sustainable eating, yet little research examined the psychosocial predictors of their adoption. This study addresses this gap by applying the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology, including performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions as predictors of technology use. To enhance the model’s predictiveness, we included variables from the Model of Goal-Directed Behavior—attitude, anticipated emotions, and desire— as well as sociodemographic factors. 511 participants completed an online survey in which they evaluated a customized app designed to promote sustainable eating. Results showed that performance expectancy was the strongest predictor of attitude, anticipated emotions, and intention, whereas effort expectancy was not. Social influence and facilitating conditions predicted desire, which in turn predicted intention, and thus led to app download. Facilitating conditions and emotions were more influencial for women, older participants showed a higher desire despite high effort expectation, and those with higher education levels downloaded the app more due its perceived ease of use. These findings suggest that developers should focus on enhancing the emotional appeal and perceived value of the app while addressing the users’ diverse needs based on gender, age, and education.
Corticosteroid injection for relief triggering symptom in trigger finger
Creators: name: Kawee Pataradool
name: Krainon Wasupen
Publisher: name: Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Thumb
digit
trigger finger
corticosteroid
injection
triggering symptom

description: Chulalongkorn Medical Journal, 65, 2, 207-210
Effects of fenoterol/ipratropium bromide on FEV1 and hyperinflation in Thai COPD patients
Creators: name: Kamon Kawkitinarong
name: Ananpipatkul, Anan
name: Nareerat Sae-Eao
name: Thanin Asawawichienchinda
name: Worawan Sirichana
Publisher: name: Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University
Year: 2021
Subjects: COPD
fenoterol
ipratropium bromide
lung volume
FEV1
hyperinflation

description: Chulalongkorn Medical Journal, 65, 2, 211-218