cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Development and Application of an LC-MS/MS Method for the Detection of the Vinyl Chloride-Induced DNA Adduct N 2 ,3-Ethenoguanine in Tissues of Adult and Weanling Rats Following Exposure to [ 13 C 2 ]-VC
Creators: name: Mutlu, Esra
name: Upton, Patricia B.
name: Stout, Matthew D.
name: Hatch, Gary
name: Winsett, Darrell
name: Evansky, Paul
name: Daye, Laura R.
name: Collins, Leonard B.
name: Swenberg, James A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: In the 1970s exposure to vinyl chloride (VC) was shown to cause liver angiosarcoma in VC workers. We have developed a new LC-MS/MS method for analyzing the promutagenic DNA adduct N2,3-ethenoguanine (εG) and have applied this to DNA from tissues of both adult and weanling rats exposed to 1100 ppm [13C2]-VC for 5 days or 1100 ppm VC for 1 day. This assay utilizes neutral thermal hydrolysis and an HPLC clean-up prior to quantitation by LC-MS/MS. The number of endogenous and exogenous εG adducts in DNA from tissues of adult rats exposed to [13C2]-VC for 5 days was 4.1±2.8 adducts/108 guanine of endogenous and 19.0±4.9 adducts/108 guanine of exogenous εG in liver, 8.4±2.8 adducts/108 guanine of endogenous and 7.4±0.5 adducts/108 guanine of exogenous εG in lung and 5.9±3.3 adducts/108 guanine of endogenous and 5.7±2.1 adducts/108 guanine of exogenous εG in kidney (n=4). Additionally, the data from weanling rats demonstrated higher numbers of exogenous εG, with ~4 fold higher amounts in liver DNA of weanlings (75.9±17.9 adducts/108 guanine) in comparison to adult rats and ~2 fold higher amounts in lung (15.8±3.6 adducts/108 guanine) and kidney (12.9±0.4 adducts/108 guanine) (n=8). The use of stable isotope labeled VC permitted accurate estimates of the half life of εG for the first time by comparing [13C2]-εG in adult rats with identically exposed animals killed 2, 4 or 8 weeks later. The half life of εG was found to be 150 days in liver and lung and 75 days in kidney, suggesting little or no active repair of this promutagenic adduct.
title: Craniofacial malformations : a survival guide for the general radiologist
Creators: name: López-Arcas Calleja, José María
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Head and neck
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Paediatric
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Congenital

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: [mediafile]909108[/mediafile] 1.To review and illustrate different entities presenting with craniofacial malformations. 2.To present a series of challenging cases of craniofacial malformations, including simple craneosynostosis and syndromic...
Communication breakdown repair skills: Comparison between deaf and hard-of-hearing, and normal-hearing adolescents
Creators: name: Sadati, Sahar
name: Mohamadi, Reyhane
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Biotechnology
Developmental Biology
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: Communication breakdowns and their repair by deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) and hearing adolescents were examined in conversation with an unfamiliar communication partner. This study compared the number and type of clarification requests and responses to those requests of 16 DHH and 16 normal-hearing adolescents aged 11–16 years, in a 10-minute conversation with an unfamiliar adult. It also analyzed the relationship between speech intelligibility, communication breakdowns, and clarification requests by an unfamiliar adult. the Children's Communication Checklist (CCC) was completed by parents. DHH adolescents demonstrated significantly higher usage of nonverbal clarification requests and verbal and nonverbal responses to clarification requests compared to normal-hearing adolescents in conversations with an unfamiliar adult. Furthermore, the subscale scores of the CCC and the speech intelligibility of DHH adolescents were significantly lower than those of normal-hearing adolescents. There were correlations between speech intelligibility and the speech subscale score of the CCC, as well as correlations between the pragmatic composite score of the CCC, the number of communication breakdowns, and the number of clarification requests by an unfamiliar adult. The adolescents with DHH experienced more communication breakdowns in conversation with an unfamiliar adult and the number of clarification requests made by adults was higher.
(401450) John MacGregor
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Modeling Liver-Related Adverse Effects of Drugs Using kNN QSAR Method
Creators: name: Rodgers, Amie D.
name: Zhu, Hao
name: Fourches, Denis
name: Rusyn, Ivan
name: Tropsha, Alexander
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Adverse effects of drugs (AEDs) continue to be a major cause of drug withdrawals both in development and post-marketing. While liver-related AEDs are a major concern for drug safety, there are few in silico models for predicting human liver toxicity for drug candidates. We have applied the Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship (QSAR) approach to model liver AEDs. In this study, we aimed to construct a QSAR model capable of binary classification (active vs. inactive) of drugs for liver AEDs based on chemical structure. To build QSAR models, we have employed an FDA spontaneous reporting database of human liver AEDs (elevations in activity of serum liver enzymes), which contains data on approximately 500 approved drugs. Approximately 200 compounds with wide clinical data coverage, structural similarity and balanced (40/60) active/inactive ratio were selected for modeling and divided into multiple training/test and external validation sets. QSAR models were developed using the k nearest neighbor method and validated using external datasets. Models with high sensitivity (>73%) and specificity (>94%) for prediction of liver AEDs in external validation sets were developed. To test applicability of the models, three chemical databases (World Drug Index, Prestwick Chemical Library, and Biowisdom Liver Intelligence Module) were screened in silico and the validity of predictions was determined, where possible, by comparing model-based classification with assertions in publicly available literature. Validated QSAR models of liver AEDs based on the data from the FDA spontaneous reporting system can be employed as sensitive and specific predictors of AEDs in pre-clinical screening of drug candidates for potential hepatotoxicity in humans.
Additional file 1 of Does COVID-19 change dietary habits and lifestyle behaviours in Kuwait: a community-based cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Husain, Wafaa
name: Fatemah Ashkanani
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary tables.
title: Detection of extrathyroid lesions on routine thyroid ultrasound: a pictorial review
Creators: name: Zheng, Yuxin
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Head and neck
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Biopsy
subject: Cysts
subject: Diverticula
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: The purpose of this pictorial essay is to review the incidental extrathyroid lesions detected during routine thyroid ultrasound...
Determination of N2-hydroxymethyl-dG Adducts in Nasal Epithelium and Bone Marrow of Non-human Primates following 13CD2-Formaldehyde Inhalation Exposure
Creators: name: Doyle-Eisele, Melanie
name: Lu, Kun
name: Swenberg, James A.
name: McDonald, Jacob
name: Moeller, Benjamin C.
name: Gigliotti, Andrew
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The presence of endogenous and exogenous N2-hydroxymethyl-dG adducts in DNA from nasal mucosa and bone marrow of cynomolgus macaques exposed to 1.9 and 6.1 ppm of [13CD2]-formaldehyde for 6 hours a day for 2 consecutive days was investigated using a highly sensitive nano-UPLC-MS/MS method with a Limit of Detection of 20 amol. Both exogenous and endogenous adducts were readily detected and quantified in the nasal tissues of both exposure groups, with an exposure dependent increase in exogenous adducts observed. In contrast, only endogenous adducts were detectable in the bone marrow, even though ~10 times more DNA was analyzed.
title: Optimization of free-breathing contrast-enhanced MR imaging protocols of the abdomen: A practical guide to radial k-space sampling applications for motion correction
Creators: name: Kolokythas, Orpheus
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Liver
subject: MR
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Artifacts
subject: Image registration

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: 1. To describe basic principles of free-breathing T1-weighted radial k-space sampling techniques for abdominal applications. 2. To illustrate key imaging parameters of radial k-space sampling techniques and their impact on image quality, scan time...
Analogue algorithm for parallel factorization of an exponential number of large integers I. Theoretical description
Creators: name: Tamma, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a novel analogue algorithm that allows the simultaneous factorization of an exponential number of large integers with a polynomial number of experimental runs. It is the interference-induced periodicity of "factoring" interferograms measured at the output of an analogue computer that allows the selection of the factors of each integer [1,2,3,4]. At the present stage the algorithm manifests an exponential scaling which may be overcome by an extension of this method to correlated qubits emerging from n-order quantum correlations measurements. We describe the conditions for a generic physical system to compute such an analogue algorithm. A particular example given by an "optical computer" based on optical interference will be addressed in the second paper of this series [5].
description: to be published in Quantum Information Processing (QIP)
Entropy bounds on abelian groups and the Ruzsa divergence
Creators: name: Madiman, Mokshay
name: Kontoyiannis, Ioannis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Over the past few years, a family of interesting new inequalities for the entropies of sums and differences of random variables has been developed by Ruzsa, Tao and others, motivated by analogous results in additive combinatorics. The present work extends these earlier results to the case of random variables taking values in $\mathbb{R}^n$ or, more generally, in arbitrary locally compact and Polish abelian groups. We isolate and study a key quantity, the Ruzsa divergence between two probability distributions, and we show that its properties can be used to extend the earlier inequalities to the present general setting. The new results established include several variations on the theme that the entropies of the sum and the difference of two independent random variables severely constrain each other. Although the setting is quite general, the result are already of interest (and new) for random vectors in $\mathbb{R}^n$. In that special case, quantitative bounds are provided for the stability of the equality conditions in the entropy power inequality; a reverse entropy power inequality for log-concave random vectors is proved; an information-theoretic analog of the Rogers-Shephard inequality for convex bodies is established; and it is observed that some of these results lead to new inequalities for the determinants of positive-definite matrices. Moreover, by considering the multiplicative subgroups of the complex plane, one obtains new inequalities for the differential entropies of products and ratios of nonzero, complex-valued random variables.
description: 26 pages. Changes in v2: Added Section V on entropies of products of random variables, corrected several typos, added some references
MONITORING OF HEART DISEASE PATIENTS BASED ON MACHINE LEARNING
Creators: name: Rahimov, N.O.
name: Karaxanova, Sh.A.
name: Saidova, Z.H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The article begins by highlighting the prevalence of heart diseases and the challenges associated with their diagnosis and management. It then delves into the various machine learning approaches, such as supervised and unsupervised learning, deep learning, and ensemble methods, that have been employed for the early detection and risk stratification of heart disease patients. The use of wearable devices and remote monitoring systems for real-time data collection is also discussed, emphasizing their role in enabling continuous patient monitoring.
Optimal Concentration of Information Content For Log-Concave Densities
Creators: name: Fradelizi, Matthieu
name: Madiman, Mokshay
name: Wang, Liyao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An elementary proof is provided of sharp bounds for the varentropy of random vectors with log-concave densities, as well as for deviations of the information content from its mean. These bounds significantly improve on the bounds obtained by Bobkov and Madiman ({\it Ann. Probab.}, 39(4):1528--1543, 2011).
description: 15 pages. Changes in v2: Remark 2.5 (due to C. Saroglou) added with more general sufficient conditions for equality in Theorem 2.3. Also some minor corrections and added references
Multilepton and Lepton Jet Probes of Sub-Weak-Scale Right-Handed Neutrinos
Creators: name: Izaguirre, Eder
name: Shuve, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose new searches that exploit the unique signatures of decaying sterile neutrinos with masses below $M_W$ at the LHC, where they can be produced in rare decays of Standard Model gauge bosons. We show that for few-GeV-scale sterile neutrinos, the LHC experiments can probe mixing angles at the level of $10^{-4}-10^{-3}$ through powerful searches that look for prompt leptons in association with displaced lepton jets. For higher-mass sterile neutrinos, ${\it i.e.}$, $M_N \gtrsim 15$ GeV, Run II can explore similarly small mixing angles in prompt multilepton final states. This represents an improvement of up to two orders of magnitude in sensitivity to the sterile neutrino production rate.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures. V2: references added, minor typos in manuscript corrected, version submitted to PRD
title: Imaging Findings of Rhino-Orbito-Cerebral Mucormycosis in COVID-19 Patients
Creators: name: Hannachi, Ali
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: Ear / Nose / Throat
subject: Head and neck
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Infection

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To describe imaging findings of rhino-orbito-cerebral (ROC) mucormycosis in patients with COVID-19...
Direct Analysis of Methylated Trivalent Arsenicals in Mouse Liver by Hydride Generation-Cryotrapping-Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
Creators: name: Currier, Jenna M.
name: Svoboda, Milan
name: Matoušek, Tomáš
name: Dědina, Jiří
name: Stýblo, Miroslav
name: De Moraes, Diogo P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Growing evidence suggest that the methylated trivalent metabolites of inorganic arsenic (iAs), methylarsonite (MAsIII) and dimethylarsinite (DMAsIII), contribute to adverse effects of iAs exposure. However, the lack of suitable methods has hindered the quantitative analysis of MAsIII and DMAsIII in complex biological matrices. Here, we show that hydride generation-cryotrapping-atomic absorption spectrometry can quantify both MAsIII and DMAsIII in livers of mice exposed to iAs. No sample extraction is required, thus limiting MAsIII or DMAsIII oxidation prior to analysis. The limits of detection are below 6 ng As/g of tissue, making this method suitable even for studies examining low exposures to iAs.
title: The many faces of ovarian neoplasms: A diagnostic challenge
Creators: name: Irvine, Iain
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: MR
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Cancer

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: The aim of this poster is to demonstrate the variable imaging features of common ovarian neoplasms. We will also highlight the potential overlapping appearances of benign and malignant lesions, as well as with non-gynaecological ovarian...
Epigenetic Changes in Individuals with Arsenicosis
Creators: name: Del Razo, Luz Maria
name: Guan, Xiaojun
name: Smeester, Lisa
name: Bailey, Kathryn A.
name: Rager, Julia E.
name: Smith, Nikia
name: Fry, Rebecca C.
name: García-Vargas, Gonzalo
name: Kelkar, Hemant
name: Drobná, Zuzana
name: Stýblo, Miroslav
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Inorganic arsenic (iAs) is an environmental toxicant currently poisoning millions of people worldwide, and chronically exposed individuals are susceptible to arsenicosis or arsenic poisoning. Using a state-of-the-art technique to map the methylomes of our study subjects, we identified a large interactome of hypermethylated genes that are enriched for their involvement in arsenic-associated diseases, such as cancer, heart disease, and diabetes. Notably, we have uncovered an arsenic-induced tumor suppressorome, a complex of 17 tumor suppressors known to be silenced in human cancers. This finding represents a pivotal clue in unraveling a possible epigenetic mode of arsenic-induced disease.
Additional file 3 of Genetic analysis of children with congenital ocular anomalies in three ecological regions of Nepal: a phase II of Nepal pediatric ocular diseases study
Creators: name: Adhikari, Srijana
name: Thakur, Neelam
name: Ujjowala Shrestha
name: Shrestha, Mohan K
name: Murarai Manshrestha
name: Bijay Thapa
name: Poudel, Manish
name: Ajaya Kunwar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3. The results of the sequencing analysis of primers.
On the Dolbeault-Dirac operators on quantum projective spaces
Creators: name: Matassa, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider Dolbeault-Dirac operators on quantum projective spaces, following Krahmer and Tucker-Simmons. The main result is an explicit formula for their squares, up to terms in the quantized Levi factor, which can be expressed in terms of some central elements. This computation is completely algebraic. These operators can also be made to act on the corresponding Hilbert spaces. Using the formula mentioned above, we easily find that they have compact resolvent, thus obtaining a result similar to that of D'Andrea and Dabrowski.
description: v2: minor errors corrected, main result strengthened, accepted for publication
title: The diagnostic value of spectral images derived from dual-layer spectral detector CT in bronchial-pulmonary shunts
Creators: name: QU, Huifang
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Lung
subject: CT
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Blood
subject: Chronic obstructive airways disease
subject: Pathology

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To explore the diagnostic value of spectral images derived from dual-layer spectral detector CT (DLCT) in bronchial-pulmonary shunts...
Identification and Characterization of 2′-Deoxyadenosine Adducts Formed by Isoprene Monoepoxides in Vitro
Creators: name: Boysen, Gunnar
name: Koshlap, Karl M.
name: Georgieva, Nadia I.
name: Gold, Avram
name: Sangaiah, Ramiah
name: Swenberg, James A.
name: Zhang, Daping
name: Begemann, Petra
name: Koc, Hasan
name: Golding, Bernard T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Isoprene, the 2-methyl analog of 1,3-butadiene, is ubiquitous in the environment, with major contributions to total isoprene emissions stemming from natural processes despite the compound being a bulk industrial chemical. Additionally, isoprene is a combustion product and a major component in cigarette smoke. Isoprene has been classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans (group 2B) by IARC and as reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen by the National Toxicology Program. Isoprene, like butadiene, requires metabolic activation to reactive epoxides to exhibit its carcinogenic properties. The mode of action has been postulated to be that of a genotoxic carcinogen, with formation of promutagenic DNA adducts being essential for mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. In rodents, isoprene-induced tumors show unique point mutations (A→T transversions) in the K-ras protooncogene at codon 61. Therefore, we investigated adducts formed after reaction of 2′-deoxyadenosine (dAdo1) with the two monoepoxides of isoprene, 2-ethenyl-2-methyloxirane (IP-1,2-O) and propen-2-yloxirane (IP-3,4-O), under physiological conditions. The formation of N1–2′-deoxyinosine (N1-dIno) due to deamination of N1-dAdo adducts was of particular interest, since N1-dIno adducts are suspected to have high mutagenic potential based on in vitro experiments. Major stable adducts were identified by HPLC, UV-Spectrometry and LC-MS/MS and characterized by 1H and 1H,13C HSQC and NMR experiments. Adducts of IP-1,2-O that were fully identified are: R,S-C1-N6-dAdo, R-C2-N6-dAdo, and S-C2-N6-dAdo; adducts of IP-3,4-O are: S-C3-N6-dAdo, R-C3-N6-dAdo, R,S-C4-N6-dAdo, S-C4-N1-dIno, R-C4-N1-dIno, R-C3-N1-dIno, S-C3-N1-dIno, and C3-N7-Ade. Both monoepoxides formed adducts on the external and internal oxirane carbons. This is the first study to describe adducts of isoprene monoepoxides with dAdo. Characterization of adducts formed by isoprene monoepoxides with deoxynucleosides and subsequently with DNA represent the first step toward evaluating their potential for being converted into a mutation, or as biomarkers of isoprene metabolism and exposure.
Molecular Dosimetry of N 2 -Hydroxymethyl-dG DNA Adducts in Rats Exposed to Formaldehyde
Creators: name: McDonald, Jacob
name: Doyle-Eisele, Melanie
name: Lu, Kun
name: Swenberg, James A.
name: Moeller, Benjamin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: In this study, both endogenous and exogenous N2-hydroxymethyl-dG adducts in nasal DNA of rats exposed to 0.7, 2, 5.8, 9.1 or 15.2 ppm [13CD2] formaldehyde for 6 h were quantified by a highly sensitive nano-UPLC-MS/MS method. Our data clearly demonstrated that exogenous formaldehyde DNA adducts form in a highly nonlinear fashion, with a 21.7-fold increase in exposure causing a 286-fold increase in exogenous adducts. The ratio of exogenous/endogenous DNA adducts demonstrated that endogenous DNA adducts dominated at low exposures, comprising more than 99%. In contrast, exogenous adducts were not detectable in bone marrow of rats exposed to 15.2 ppm [13CD2] formaldehyde.
Magnetic state dependent transient lateral photovoltaic effect in patterned ferromagnetic metal-oxide-semiconductor films
Creators: name: Martinez, Isidoro
name: Cascales, Juan Pedro
name: Lara, Antonio
name: Andres, Pablo
name: Aliev, Farkhad G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the influence of an external magnetic field on the magnitude and dephasing of the transient lateral photovoltaic effect (T-LPE) in lithographically patterned Co lines of widths of a few microns grown over naturally passivated p-type Si(100). The T-LPE peak-to-peak magnitude and dephasing, measured by lock-in or through the characteristic time of laser OFF exponential relaxation, exhibit a notable influence of the magnetization direction of the ferromagnetic overlayer. We show experimentally and by numerical simulations that the T-LPE magnitude is determined by the Co anisotropic magnetoresistance. On the other hand, the magnetic field dependence of the dephasing could be described by the influence of the Lorentz force acting perpendiculary to both the Co magnetization and the photocarrier drift directions. Our findings could stimulate the development of fast position sensitive detectors with magnetically tuned magnitude and phase responses.
R&D Projects
Creators: name: Jiménez, Miguel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Description of running R&D Projects of Element Seville. This presentation includes DELTA Project (https://www.project-delta.es/). DELTA aims to develop and execute innovative experimental testing procedures for thermoplastic resin based carbon fibre reinforced polymers (CFRPs) aircraft fuselage panels.
Persistence and Repair of Bifunctional DNA Adducts in Tissues of Laboratory Animals Exposed to 1,3-Butadiene by Inhalation
Creators: name: Goggin, Melissa
name: Wickliffe, Jeffrey
name: Swenberg, James A.
name: Tretyakova, Natalia
name: Sangaraju, Dewakar
name: Walker, Vernon E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: 1,3-butadiene (BD) is an important industrial and environmental chemical classified as a human carcinogen. The mechanism of BD-mediated cancer is of significant interest because of the widespread exposure of humans to BD from cigarette smoke and urban air. BD is metabolically activated to 1,2,3,4-diepoxybutane (DEB), which is a highly genotoxic and mutagenic bis-alkylating agent believed to be the ultimate carcinogenic species of BD. We have previously identified several types of DEB-specific DNA adducts, including bis-N7-guanine cross-links (bis-N7-BD), N6-adenine-N7-guanine cross-links (N6A-N7G-BD), and 1,N6-dA exocyclic adducts. These lesions were detected in tissues of laboratory rodents exposed to BD by inhalation (Goggin et al. Cancer Res. 2009;69:2479–2486). In the present work, persistence and repair of bifunctional DEB-DNA adducts in tissues of mice and rats exposed to BD by inhalation were investigated. The half-lives of the most abundant cross-links, bis-N7G-BD, in mouse liver, kidney, and lungs were 2.3–2.4 days, 4.6–5.7 days, and 4.9 days, respectively. The in vitro half-lives of bis-N7G-BD were 3.5 days (S,S isomer) and 4.0 days (meso isomer) due to their spontaneous depurination. In contrast, tissue concentrations of the minor DEB adducts, N7G-N1A-BD and 1,N6-HMHP-dA, remained essentially unchanged during the course of the experiment, with an estimated t 1/2 of 36–42 days. No differences were observed between DEB-DNA adduct levels in BD-treated wild type mice and the corresponding animals deficient in methyl purine glycosylase or the Xpa gene. Our results indicate that DEB-induced N7G-N1A-BD and 1,N6-HMHP-dA adducts persist in vivo, potentially contributing to mutations and cancer observed as a result of BD exposure.
Predicting Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity Using QSAR and Toxicogenomics Approaches
Creators: name: Zhu, Hao
name: Urushidani, Tetsuro
name: Minowa, Yohsuke
name: Rusyn, Ivan
name: Kuzmin, Viktor
name: Fourches, Denis
name: Ohno, Yasuo
name: Yamada, Hiroshi
name: Muratov, Eugene
name: Low, Yen
name: Tropsha, Alexander
name: Uehara, Takeki
name: Sedykh, Alexander
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) modeling and toxicogenomics are used independently as predictive tools in toxicology. In this study, we evaluated the power of several statistical models for predicting drug hepatotoxicity in rats using different descriptors of drug molecules, namely their chemical descriptors and toxicogenomic profiles. The records were taken from the Toxicogenomics Project rat liver microarray database containing information on 127 drugs (http://toxico.nibio.go.jp/datalist.html). The model endpoint was hepatotoxicity in the rat following 28 days of exposure, established by liver histopathology and serum chemistry. First, we developed multiple conventional QSAR classification models using a comprehensive set of chemical descriptors and several classification methods (k nearest neighbor, support vector machines, random forests, and distance weighted discrimination). With chemical descriptors alone, external predictivity (Correct Classification Rate, CCR) from 5-fold external cross-validation was 61%. Next, the same classification methods were employed to build models using only toxicogenomic data (24h after a single exposure) treated as biological descriptors. The optimized models used only 85 selected toxicogenomic descriptors and had CCR as high as 76%. Finally, hybrid models combining both chemical descriptors and transcripts were developed; their CCRs were between 68 and 77%. Although the accuracy of hybrid models did not exceed that of the models based on toxicogenomic data alone, the use of both chemical and biological descriptors enriched the interpretation of the models. In addition to finding 85 transcripts that were predictive and highly relevant to the mechanisms of drug-induced liver injury, chemical structural alerts for hepatotoxicity were also identified. These results suggest that concurrent exploration of the chemical features and acute treatment-induced changes in transcript levels will both enrich the mechanistic understanding of sub-chronic liver injury and afford models capable of accurate prediction of hepatotoxicity from chemical structure and short-term assay results.
(401451) Jean Margaret Low
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Accurate two dynamic acquisitions method for occlusive peripheral arterial diseases of lower extremities on CT angiography
Creators: name: Ueyama, Tadamasa
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: Extremities
subject: Radiographers
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Obstruction / Occlusion

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: CT angiography (CTA) is accurate for the evaluation of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) [1]. There are two main techniques used to help guide timing in scanners: the test bolus injection technique and bolus-tracking technique [2]. Both techniques...
title: Additive value of ADC in a machine learning model to predict response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer
Creators: name: Colarieti, Anna
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Segmentation
subject: Cancer
subject: Pathology

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: In breast magnetic resonance images (MRI), in addition to the standard DCE-T1 and T2 series, Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) is currently used. The aim of this study was to assess the role of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the prediction of...
A New LC-MS/MS Method for the Quantification of Endogenous and Vinyl Chloride-Induced 7-(2-Oxoethyl)Guanine in Sprague–Dawley Rats
Creators: name: Jeong, Yo Chan
name: Hatch, Gary
name: Collins, Leonard B.
name: Swenberg, James A.
name: Upton, Patricia B.
name: Evansky, Paul
name: Mutlu, Esra
name: Winsett, Darrell
name: Ham, Amy Joan L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Vinyl chloride (VC) is an industrial chemical that is known to be carcinogenic to animals and humans. VC primarily induces hepatic angiosarcomas following high exposures (≥50 ppm). VC is also found in Superfund sites at ppb concentrations as a result of microbial metabolism of trichloroethylene and perchloroethylene. Here, we report a new sensitive LC-MS/MS method to analyze the major DNA adduct formed by VC, 7-(2-oxoethylguanine) (7-OEG). We used this method to analyze tissue DNA from both adult and weanling rats exposed to 1100 ppm [13C2]-VC for 5 days. After neutral thermal hydrolysis, 7-OEG was derivatized with O-t-butyl hydroxylamine to an oxime adduct, followed by LC-MS/MS analysis. The limit of detection was 1 fmol and the limit of quantitation was 1.5 fmol on the column. The use of stable isotope VC allowed us to demonstrate for the first time that endogenous 7-OEG was present in tissue DNA. We hypothesized that endogenous 7-OEG was formed from lipid peroxidation and demonstrated the formation of [13C2]-7-OEG from the reaction of calf thymus DNA with [13C18]-ethyl linoleate (EtLa) under peroxidizing conditions. The concentrations of endogenous 7-OEG in liver, lung, kidney, spleen, testis and brain DNA from adult and weanling rats typically ranged from 1.0-10.0 adducts per 106 guanine. The exogenous 7-OEG in liver DNA from adult rats exposed to 1100 ppm [13C2]-VC for 5 days was 104.0 ± 23.0 adducts per 106 guanine (n=4), while concentrations in other tissues ranged from 1.0-39.0 adducts per 106 guanine (n=4). Although endogenous concentrations of 7-OEG in tissues in weanling rats were similar to those of adult rats, exogenous [13C2]-7-OEG concentrations were higher in weanlings, averaging 300 adducts per 106 guanine in liver. Studies on the persistence of [13C2]-7-OEG in adult rats sacrificed 2, 4, and 8 wks post exposure to [13C2]-VC demonstrated a half-life of 7-OEG of 4 days in both liver and lung.
(401447) Jane [Douglas]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Additional file 2 of Genetic analysis of children with congenital ocular anomalies in three ecological regions of Nepal: a phase II of Nepal pediatric ocular diseases study
Creators: name: Adhikari, Srijana
name: Thakur, Neelam
name: Ujjowala Shrestha
name: Shrestha, Mohan K
name: Murarai Manshrestha
name: Bijay Thapa
name: Poudel, Manish
name: Ajaya Kunwar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2. Samples with further DNA sequencing. A: Congenital Ptosis B: Congenital Cataract C: Colobama D: Micropthalmus F: Crouzen Syndrome
Additional file 3 of The Axin2-snail axis promotes bone invasion by activating cancer-associated fibroblasts in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Creators: name: Yin-Zhe An
name: Eunae Cho
name: Junqi Ling
name: Xianglan Zhang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary Table 1. The primer sequences for quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction
Identification of the GST-T1 and GST-M1 Null Genotypes Using High Resolution Melting Analysis
Creators: name: Stýblo, Miroslav
name: Drobná, Zuzana
name: González-Horta, Carmen
name: Ballinas-Casarrubias, Lourdes
name: Del Razo, Luz Maria
name: Loomis, Dana
name: Sánchez-Ramírez, Blanca
name: Garcia-Vargas, Gonzalo
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Glutathione S-transferases, including GST-T1 and GST-M1, are known to be involved in the phase II detoxification pathways for xenobiotics as well as in the metabolism of endogenous compounds. Polymorphisms in these genes have been linked to an increased susceptibility to carcinogenesis and associated with risk factors that predispose to certain inflammatory diseases. In addition, GST-T1 and GST-M1 null genotypes have been shown to be responsible for interindividual variations in metabolism of arsenic, a known human carcinogen. To assess the specific GST genotypes in the Mexican population chronically exposed to arsenic, we have developed a multiplex High Resolution Melting PCR (HRM-PCR) analysis using LightCycler480 instrument. This method is based on analysis of the PCR product melting curve that discriminates PCR products according to their lengths and base sequences. Three pairs of primers that specifically recognize GST-T1, GST-M1, and β-globin, an internal control, to produce amplicons of different length were designed and combined with LightCycler480 High Resolution Melting Master Mix containing ResoLight, a completely saturating DNA dye. Data collected from melting curve analysis were evaluated using LightCycler480 software to determine specific melting temperatures of individual melting curves representing target genes. Using this newly developed multiplex HRM-PCR analysis we evaluated GST-T1 and GST-M1 genotypes in 504 DNA samples isolated from blood of individuals residing in Zimapan, Lagunera, and Chihuahua regions in Mexico. We found that Zimapan and Lagunera populations have similar GST-T1 and GST-M1 genotype frequencies which differ from Chihuahua population. In addition, 14 individuals have been identified as carriers of double null genotype, i.e. null genotypes in both GST-T1 and GST-M1 genes. Although this procedure does not distinguish between biallelic (+/+) and monoallelic (+/−) genotypes it can be used in an automated workflow as a simple, sensitive, time and money saving procedure for rapid identification of the GST-T1 and GST-M1 positive or null genotypes.
Cluster Mergers and the Origin of the ARCADE-2 Excess
Creators: name: Fang, Ke
name: Linden, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radio observations at multiple frequencies have detected a significant isotropic emission component between 22~MHz and 10~GHz, commonly termed the ARCADE-2 Excess. The origin of this radio emission is unknown, as the intensity, spectrum and isotropy of the signal are difficult to model with either traditional astrophysical mechanisms or novel physics such as dark matter annihilation. We posit a new model capable of explaining the key components of the excess radio emission. Specifically, we show that the re-acceleration of non-thermal electrons via turbulence in merging galaxy clusters are capable of explaining the intensity, spectrum, and isotropy of the ARCADE-2 data. We examine the parameter spaces of cluster re-acceleration, magnetic field, and merger rate, finding that the radio excess can be reproduced assuming reasonable assumptions for each. Finally, we point out that future observations will definitively confirm or rule-out the contribution of cluster mergers to the isotropic radio background.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures
Marine Algal Toxin Azaspiracid Is an Open-State Blocker of hERG Potassium Channels
Creators: name: Roth, Bryan L.
name: Huang, Xi Ping
name: Sanguinetti, Michael C.
name: Doucette, Gregory J.
name: Rasky, Andrew
name: Twiner, Michael J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Azaspiracids (AZA) are polyether marine dinoflagellate toxins that accumulate in shellfish and represent an emerging human health risk. Although human exposure is primarily manifested by severe and protracted diarrhea, this toxin class has been shown to be highly cytotoxic, a teratogen to developing fish, and a possible carcinogen in mice. Until now, AZA's molecular target(s) has not yet been determined. Using three independent methods (voltage clamp, channel binding assay, and thallium flux assay), we have for the first time demonstrated that AZA1, AZA2, and AZA3 each bind to and block the hERG (human ether-à-go-go related gene) potassium channel heterologously expressed in HEK-293 mammalian cells. Inhibition of K+ current for each AZA analogue was concentration-dependent (IC50 value range: 0.64 - 0.84 μM). The mechanism of hERG channel inhibition by AZA1 was investigated further in Xenopus oocytes where it was shown to be an open state-dependent blocker and, using mutant channels, to interact with F656 but not with Y652 within the S6 transmembrane domain that forms the channel's central pore. AZA1, AZA2, and AZA3 were each shown to inhibit [3H]dofetilide binding to the hERG channel and thallium ion flux through the channel (IC50 value range: 2.1 – 6.6 μM). AZA1 did not block K+ current of the closely related EAG1 channel. Collectively, these data suggest that the AZAs physically block the K+ conductance pathway of hERG1 channels by occluding the cytoplasmic mouth of the open pore. Although the concentrations necessary to block hERG channels are relatively high, AZA-induced blockage may prove to contribute to the toxicological properties of the AZAs.
Predicting Chemical Ocular Toxicity Using a Combinatorial QSAR Approach
Creators: name: Sedykh, Alexander
name: Kim, Marlene
name: Zhang, Jun
name: Zhu, Hao
name: Solimeo, Renee
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Regulatory agencies require testing of chemicals and products to protect workers and consumers from potential eye injury hazards. Animal screening, such as the rabbit Draize test, for potential environmental toxicants is time-consuming and costly. Therefore, virtual screening using computational models to tag potential ocular toxicants is attractive to toxicologists and policy makers. We have developed quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models for a set of small molecules with animal ocular toxicity data compiled by the National Toxicology Program Interagency Center for the Evaluation of Alternative Toxicological Methods. The data set was initially curated by removing duplicates, mixtures, and inorganics. The remaining 75 compounds were used to develop QSAR models. We applied both k nearest neighbor and random forest statistical approaches in combination with Dragon and Molecular Operating Environment descriptors. Developed models were validated on an external set of 34 compounds collected from additional sources. The external correct classification rates (CCR) of all individual models were between 72 and 87%. Furthermore, the consensus model, based on the prediction average of individual models, showed additional improvement (CCR = 0.93). The validated models could be used to screen external chemical libraries and prioritize chemicals for in vivo screening as potential ocular toxicants.
title: Bisphosphonate-related Osteonecrosis Of The Jaws: A Radio-pathological Correlation.
Creators: name: López-Arcas Calleja, José María
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Head and neck
subject: Oncology
subject: CT
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Chemotherapy
subject: Biological effects
subject: Cancer
subject: Infection

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: [mediafile]907884[/mediafile] LEARNING OBJECTIVE To review and illustrate the pathogenesis of bisphosphonate-related ostenecrosis of the jaws To present a series of challenging cases of bisphosphonate-related ostenecrosis of the jaws with...