cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Leveraging Microtechnology to Study Multicellular Microvascular Systems and Macromolecular Interaction
Creators: Parsa, Hesam
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biology
Biomedical engineering

description: Biological systems are large-scale, complex systems comprised of many hierarchical subsystems interacting physico-chemically in a dynamic and coordinated fashion. The complex interactions of subsystems (in micro-scale) lead to the formation of emergent properties (in macro-scale); these are properties that are not visible if individual subsystems are studied. The inherent high-throughput characteristics of microfabrication technology (microtechnology) along with its ability to manipulate biological species at the micro-scale makes it an ideal tool to elucidate the mechanisms leading to the formation of emergent properties at the macro-scale. In this dissertation, by combining microtechnologies with advanced computational algorithms, we demonstrate system-level analysis of biological systems in development and disease. The abundance of high quality molecular and genetic data along with the drastic increase in computational power resulted in considerable progress in genomics, epigenomics and proteomics, but not for the so-called cellomics as we define it here: high-throughput study of single-cell phenotype and heterotypic cell-cell interaction via micromanipulation and bioinformatics analysis. Lack of high-throughput robust experimental tools is the major roadblock to cellomics. Using microtechnologies, in the context of developmental biology we studied vascular tissue morphogenesis (vasculogenesis). Formation of microvessels is of critical significance in development and for vascularizing newly engineered tissues in regenerative medicine. First, we sought to map the heterogeneous morphodynamic behavior of individual clonal cells in the process of capillary-like structure (CLS) formation (Chapter 2 and 3). Then we looked into deciphering the role of extracellular matrix (ECM) mediated mechanical signals in deriving the process of CLS formation (Chapter 4). In the second half of this thesis, we demonstrated the capabilities of microtechnologies and advanced computational algorithms in tackling the challenging problems in disease: global health diagnostics and cancer drug screening. First, we studied the performance of microfluidic-based diagnostic as a large-scale complex system under real-world constraints (Chapter 5). Then, we present the development of two microfluidic-based platforms to study the heterotypic interaction of cells in both a biomimetic in vitro and a realistic in vivo setting. We developed an implantable construct carrying a densely-packed heterogeneous panel of tumor cells. This platform could ultimately be used to test anti-cancer drug efficacy against a large number of genotypes in an in vivo setting (Appendices A and B). Together, these methods provide a powerful suite of tools for high-throughput analysis of biological species at the micro-scale and could potentially unlock the mysteries behind the emergent properties observed at the macro-scale.
Comparative transcriptome analysis of anthocyanin synthesis in black and pink peanut
Creators: name: Xia, Han
name: Zhu, Lin
name: Zhao, Chuanzhi
name: Li, Ke
name: Shang, Caili
name: Hou, Lei
name: Wang, Mingxiao
name: Shi, Jing
name: Fan, Shoujin
name: Wang, Xingjun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: In recent years, black testa peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) has been favored because of its nutritional value and health function. To explore the genetic basis of peanut testa color, high-throughput sequencing technology was used to sequence the transcriptome of black testa peanut ‘ZH9ʹ and pink testa peanut ‘ZH8.ʹ Over 18 million high-quality reads were assembled into 49,404–52,578 genes for these two cultivars using a combined assembly strategy. Totally, 4,122 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between ZH8 and ZH9, among which 1317 (32%) were up-regulated and 2805 (68%) were down-regulated. KEGG analysis showed that the pathways of anthocyanin biosynthesis, isoflavonoid biosynthesis, flavone and flavonol biosynthesis, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis were in the top 20 differentially expressed genes enriched pathways. Further analysis showed that the formation of the black color of ZH9 testa was mainly due to the reduction of lignin biosynthesis and isoflavonoid biosynthesis, and as a result, more substrate flow to anthocyanin biosynthesis. The up-regulation of all genes associated with DFR, a key enzyme determining flavonoid synthesis or anthocyanin synthesis in the flavonoid metabolic pathway, is also a strategy for increasing dihydroflavonol, a substrate for anthocyanin and flavonol biosynthesis. In addition, we identified three up-regulated R2R3MYB transcription factors associated with anthocyanin biosynthesis in ZH9. Finally, we verified the expressions of 15 genes that encode key enzymes and transcription factors using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR).
Distinguishing Marks of Simply-connected Universes
Creators: name: Reboucas, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A statistical quantity suitable for distinguishing simply-connected Robertson-Walker (RW) universes is introduced, and its explicit expressions for the three possible classes of simply-connected RW universes with an uniform distribution of matter are determined. Graphs of the distinguishing mark for each class of RW universes are presented and analyzed.There sprout from our results an improvement on the procedure to extract the topological signature of multiply-connected RW universes, and a refined understanding of that topological signature of these universes studied in previous works.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, LaTeX2e. To appear in Int. J. Mod. Phys. D (2000)
Leveraging Knowledge-Based Approaches to Promote Antiretroviral Toxicity Monitoring in Underserved Settings
Creators: Ogallo, William
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medical sciences
subject: Information science
subject: Antiretroviral agents
subject: Toxicity testing
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As access and use of antiretroviral therapy continue to increase, the need to improve antiretroviral toxicity monitoring becomes more critical. This is particularly so in underserved settings, where patterns of antiretroviral toxicities possibly alter the need for and frequency of antiretroviral toxicity monitoring. However, barriers such as few skilled healthcare providers and poor infrastructure make antiretroviral toxicity monitoring in underserved settings difficult. The purpose of this dissertation was to investigate how standard clinical guidelines, knowledge-based clinical decision support, and task delegation could be leveraged to overcome barriers to antiretroviral toxicity monitoring in underserved settings.
      The strategy adopted in this dissertation was guided by the Design Science Research Methodology that emphasizes the generation of scientific knowledge through building novel artifacts. Two qualitative descriptive studies were conducted to characterize the contextual factors associated with antiretroviral toxicity monitoring in underserved settings. Supported by the findings from these studies, a knowledge-based software application prototype that implements clinical practice guidelines for antiretroviral toxicity monitoring was developed. Next, a quantitative validation study was used to evaluate the structure and behavior of the prototype’s knowledge base. Lastly, a quantitative usability study was conducted to assess lay health worker perceptions of the satisfaction and mental effort associated with the use of checklists generated by the prototype.
      This dissertation research produced empirical evidence about the broad motives and strategies for promoting medication adherence, safety, and effectiveness in underserved settings. It also identified barriers and facilitators of antiretroviral toxicity monitoring within ambulatory HIV care workflows in underserved settings. Additionally, it provided evidence about the extent to which antiretroviral toxicity domain knowledge could be implemented in a knowledge-based application for supporting point-of-care antiretroviral toxicity monitoring. Lastly, the research provided previously unavailable empirical evidence about the perceptions of lay peer health workers on the use of checklists for the documentation of antiretroviral toxicities.
Additional file 1: of Effectiveness over time of a multimodal intervention to improve compliance with standard hygiene precautions in an intensive care unit of a large teaching hospital
Creators: name: Baccolini, Valentina
name: DâEgidio, Valeria
name: Soccio, Pasquale
name: Migliara, Giuseppe
name: Massimi, Azzurra
name: Alessandri, Francesco
name: Tellan, Guglielmo
name: Marzuillo, Carolina
name: Vito, Corrado
name: Ranieri, Marco
name: Villari, Paolo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Table S1. Characteristics of recorded observations over the study period concerning compliance with hand hygiene (HH) guidelines and proper glove or gown use in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the Umberto I Teaching Hospital of Sapienza University of Rome. Table S2. Compliance with hand hygiene (HH) procedures by indication in relation to glove use over the study period in the intensive care unit of the Umberto I Teaching Hospital of Sapienza University of Rome. (DOCX 25 kb)
Assessment of the Prevalence, Risk Factors and Management of Gastroenteritis in Federal Teaching Hospital, Ido Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
Creators: name: S.E. Busayo
Publisher: name: gjrpublication
Year: 2024

description: Background: Globally, diarrhea caused more than 1.3 million deaths and was the fourth leading cause of death (499,000 deaths) among children younger than 5 years old in 2015. The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence, risk factors, and management of gastroenteritis in a federal teaching hospital in Ido Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.

Methods: A quantitative descriptive research survey type was employed. It involved a quantitative survey through the administration of a structured questionnaire to assess the prevalence, risk factors, and management of gastroenteritis in a federal teaching hospital in Ido Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria. A sample size of 113 was determined using Fisher’s formula. Data were collated and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 25.

Results: From this study, 113 (100.0%) of the respondents agreed to have diagnosed at least a single case of gastroenteritis in the past. 96 (85.0%) of the respondents agreed that gastroenteritis is one of the most reported cases at the hospital. 112 (99.1%) of the respondents agreed that the risk of infection is higher in children due to their lack of or low immunity. This study concluded that the prevalence of gastroenteritis in federal teaching hospital Ido Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria is 15.9%.

Conclusion: This study concluded that the government should ensure proper and adequate provision of needed medical resources for the prevention, treatment, and management of gastroenteritis. This includes the provision of possible vaccines that prevents it.
On the analytical approach to the N-fold Bäcklund transformation of Davey-Stewartson equation
Creators: name: Paul, Sudhir
name: Chowdhury, A. Roy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: N-fold Bäcklund transformation for the Davey-Stewartson equation is constructed by using the analytic structure of the Lax eigenfunction in the complex eigenvalue plane. Explicit formulae can be obtained for a specified value of N. Lastly it is shown how generalized soliton solutions are generated from the trivial ones.
Interactive CPU-based Ray Tracing of Solvent Excluded Surfaces
Creators: name: Rau, Tobias
name: Zahn, Sebastian
name: Krone, Michael
name: Reina, Guido
name: Ertl, Thomas
Publisher: name: The Eurographics Association
Year: 2019
Subjects: Human
centered computing
Scientific visualization
Computing methodologies
Ray tracing
Applied computing
Molecular structural biology

description: Depictions of molecular surfaces such as the Solvent Excluded Surface (SES) can provide crucial insight into functional molecular properties, such as the molecule's potential to react. The interactive visualization of single and multiple molecule surfaces is essential for the data analysis by domain experts. Nowadays, the SES can be rendered at high frame rates using shader-based ray casting on the GPU. However, rendering large molecules or larger molecule complexes requires large amounts of memory that has the potential to exceed the memory limitations of current hardware. Here we show that rendering using CPU ray tracing also reaches interactive frame rates without hard limitations to memory. In our results large molecule complexes can be rendered with only the precomputation of each individual SES, and no further involved representation or transformation. Additionally, we provide advanced visualization techniques like ambient occlusion opacity mapping (AOOM) to enhance the comprehensibility of the molecular structure. CPU ray tracing not only provides very high image quality and global illumination, which is beneficial for the perception of spatial structures, it also opens up the possibility to visualize larger data sets and to render on any HPC cluster. Our results demonstrate that simple instancing of geometry keeps the memory consumption for rendering large molecule complexes low, so the examination of much larger data is also possible.
description: Eurographics Workshop on Visual Computing for Biology and Medicine
description: Molecular Visualization (II)
description: 239
description: 251
description: Tobias Rau, Sebastian Zahn, Michael Krone, Guido Reina, and Thomas Ertl
description: CCS Concepts: Human-centered computing --> Scientific visualization; Computing methodologies --> Ray tracing; Applied computing --> Molecular structural biology
Absolute Seebeck coefficient of thin platinum films
Creators: name: Kockert, M.
name: Mitdank, R.
name: Zykov, A.
name: Kowarik, S.
name: Fischer, S. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The influence of size effects on the thermoelectric properties of thin platinum films is investigated and compared to the bulk. Structural properties, like the film thickness and the grain size, are varied. We correlate the electron mean free path with the temperature dependence of the electrical conductivity and the absolute Seebeck coefficient $S_{\text{Pt}}$ of platinum. We use a measurement platform as a standardized method to determine $S_{\text{Pt}}$ and show that $S_{\text{Pt,film}}$ is reduced compared to $S_{\text{Pt,bulk}}$. Boundary and surface scattering reduce the thermodiffusion and the phonon drag contribution to $S_{\text{Pt,film}}$ by nearly the same factor. A detailed discussion and a model to describe the temperature dependence of the absolute Seebeck coefficient and the influence of size effects of electron-phonon and phonon-phonon interaction on $S_{\text{Pt}}$ is given.
Building Automated Survey Coders via Interactive Machine Learning
Creators: name: Esuli, Andrea
name: Moreo, Alejandro
name: Sebastiani, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Software systems trained via machine learning to automatically classify open-ended answers (a.k.a. verbatims) are by now a reality. Still, their adoption in the survey coding industry has been less widespread than it might have been. Among the factors that have hindered a more massive takeup of this technology are the effort involved in manually coding a sufficient amount of training data, the fact that small studies do not seem to justify this effort, and the fact that the process needs to be repeated anew when brand new coding tasks arise. In this paper we will argue for an approach to building verbatim classifiers that we will call "Interactive Learning", and that addresses all the above problems. We will show that, for the same amount of training effort, interactive learning delivers much better coding accuracy than standard "non-interactive" learning. This is especially true when the amount of data we are willing to manually code is small, which makes this approach attractive also for small-scale studies. Interactive learning also lends itself to reusing previously trained classifiers for dealing with new (albeit related) coding tasks. Interactive learning also integrates better in the daily workflow of the survey specialist, and delivers a better user experience overall.
description: To appear in the International Journal of Market Research
title: Vierteljahresschrift für praktische Pharmacie 7. Band 1858
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Palm
Year: 1858
Subjects: subject: 615

description: Vierteljahresschrift für praktische Pharmacie 1. 1852 - 22. 1873: herausgegeben von Georg Christoph Wittstein, vol. 7. 1858
Leveraging Policy for Renewable Energy Development in Industrialized Countries and Emerging Markets
Creators: Tang, Amy
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Renewable energy sources
subject: Civil engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: Renewable energy has the ability to play a dominate role in addressing both rising energy demand and the need for sustainable growth. Various policy measures and incentives have aided its growth in both developed and developing countries. This dissertation analyzes existing policies and financial mechanisms used to encourage renewable energy development through three academic papers. I first propose the carbon revenue bond as a new financing tool to complement the environmental credit markets that exist in developed countries. Stochastic modeling techniques are used to simulate future credit prices and determine bond value. Use of the carbon revenue bond is illustrated through three examples of wind energy projects in the European, Australian and New Jersey markets. In the absence of mature markets in developing countries, I develop the strategic structure matrix as a new framework to explain the various effects of policy measures in order to better shape future policy design. By synthesizing previous literature on how organizations are able to affect the diffusion of a new technology, the strategic structure matrix is able to deepen understanding of how policy can influence renewable energy growth. The explanatory power of the framework is demonstrated through a case study on the different paces of wind power diffusion in five Indian states. Lastly, I evaluate the Clean Development Mechanism as a tool to encourage investment from developed nations for renewable infrastructure in developing countries. I create an agent-based model to simulate investment decisions under different improvements to the program, providing quantitative support for the effectiveness of some improvements over others. In addition to each paper's individual contributions, the findings collectively provide important implications for the future of renewable energy policy and its ability to support continued sustainable growth.
Additional file 1: of Diet quality trends among adults with diabetes by socioeconomic status in the U.S.: 1999–2014
Creators: name: Orr, Colin
name: Keyserling, Thomas
name: Ammerman, Alice
name: Berkowitz, Seth
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Table S1: Health Eating Index-2010 Component Score; the data comes from the Healthy Eating Index 2010. Table lists components of the HEI-2010. Table S2: Participants by Diabetes Diagnostic Criteria by NHANES Cycle; NHANES data. Table shows participants by diabetes diagnostic criteria. Table S3: Laboratory Values and Medication Use Among Study Participants; NHANES data. Table provides information on the BMI, blood pressure, laboratory values and medication use of participants Table S4: Unadjusted Mean Diet Quality by Education, Income and Food Security Status; NHANES data. Table contains information on the mean unadjusted HEI-2010 score. Table S5: Mean and Statistical Testing for Differences in HEI-2010 Score by Education, Income and Food Security for those with Self-Reported Diabetes; NHANES data. The table shows differences in diet quality among participants who were diagnosed with diabetes by self-report. Table S6: Mean and Statistical Test for Differences in HEI-2010 Score by Education, Income, and Food Security for those with Laboratory Only Diabetes; NHANES data. Table shows differences in diet quality among participants who were diagnosed with diabetes by laboratory criteria only. Table S7: Individual HEI Components Score Among Adults with Diabetes NHANES Year 2013–2014; NHANES data. Table shows the individual HEI-2010 components score for adults with diabetes during the 2013–2014 NHANES year. Figure S1a: Box and Whisker Plot of Unadjusted Total HEI Score by Education Category among NHANES 2013–2014 Participants; NHANES data. The figure shows the distribution of total HEI-2010 score by education. Figure S1b: Box and Whisker Plot of Unadjusted Total HEI Score by Income Category among NHANES 2013–2014 Participants; NHANES data. Figure shows the distribution of total HEI-2010 by income. Figure S1c: Box and Whisker Plot of Unadjusted Total HEI Score by Food Security Status among NHANES 2013–2014 Participants; NHANES data. The figure shows the distribution of total HEI-2010 score by food security status. (DOCX 423 kb)
Leveraging Text-to-Scene Generation for Language Elicitation and Documentation
Creators: Ulinski, Morgan Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer science
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: Language and languages
subject: Three-dimensional display systems
subject: Endangered languages
subject: Crowdsourcing

description: Text-to-scene generation systems take input in the form of a natural language text and output a 3D scene illustrating the meaning of that text. A major benefit of text-to-scene generation is that it allows users to create custom 3D scenes without requiring them to have a background in 3D graphics or knowledge of specialized software packages. This contributes to making text-to-scene useful in scenarios from creative applications to education. The primary goal of this thesis is to explore how we can use text-to-scene generation in a new way: as a tool to facilitate the elicitation and formal documentation of language. In particular, we use text-to-scene generation (a) to assist field linguists studying endangered languages; (b) to provide a cross-linguistic framework for formally modeling spatial language; and (c) to collect language data using crowdsourcing. As a side effect of these goals, we also explore the problem of multilingual text-to-scene generation, that is, systems for generating 3D scenes from languages other than English. The contributions of this thesis are the following. First, we develop a novel tool suite (the WordsEye Linguistics Tools, or WELT) that uses the WordsEye text-to-scene system to assist field linguists with eliciting and documenting endangered languages. WELT allows linguists to create custom elicitation materials and to document semantics in a formal way. We test WELT with two endangered languages, Nahuatl and Arrernte. Second, we explore the question of how to learn a syntactic parser for WELT. We show that an incremental learning method using a small number of annotated dependency structures can produce reasonably accurate results. We demonstrate that using a parser trained in this way can significantly decrease the time it takes an annotator to label a new sentence with dependency information. Third, we develop a framework that generates 3D scenes from spatial and graphical semantic primitives. We incorporate this system into the WELT tools for creating custom elicitation materials, allowing users to directly manipulate the underlying semantics of a generated scene. Fourth, we introduce a deep semantic representation of spatial relations and use this to create a new resource, SpatialNet, which formally declares the lexical semantics of spatial relations for a language. We demonstrate how SpatialNet can be used to support multilingual text-to-scene generation. Finally, we show how WordsEye and the semantic resources it provides can be used to facilitate elicitation of language using crowdsourcing.
Evolutionary Pathlines for Blood Flow Exploration in Cerebral Aneurysms
Creators: name: Behrendt, Benjamin
name: Engelke, Wito
name: Berg, Philipp
name: Beuing, Oliver
name: Preim, Bernhard
name: Hotz, Ingrid
name: Saalfeld, Sylvia
Publisher: name: The Eurographics Association
Year: 2019
Subjects: Human
centered computing
Scientific visualization

description: Blood flow simulations play an important role for the understanding of vascular diseases, such as aneurysms. However, analysis of the resulting flow patterns, especially comparisons across patient groups, are challenging. Typically, the hemodynamic analysis relies on trial and error inspection of the flow data based on pathline visualizations and surface renderings. Visualizing too many pathlines at once may obstruct interesting features, e.g., embedded vortices, whereas with too little pathlines, particularities such as flow characteristics in aneurysm blebs might be missed. While filtering and clustering techniques support this task, they require the pre-computation of pathlines densely sampled in the space-time domain. Not only does this become prohibitively expensive for large patient groups, but the results often suffer from undersampling artifacts. In this work, we propose the usage of evolutionary algorithms to reduce the overhead of computing pathlines that do not contribute to the analysis, while simultaneously reducing the undersampling artifacts. Integrated in an interactive framework, it efficiently supports the evaluation of hemodynamics for clinical research and treatment planning in case of cerebral aneurysms. The specification of general optimization criteria for entire patient groups allows the blood flow data to be batch-processed. We present clinical cases to demonstrate the benefits of our approach especially in presence of aneurysm blebs. Furthermore, we conducted an evaluation with four expert neuroradiologists. As a result, we report advantages of our method for treatment planning to underpin its clinical potential.
description: Eurographics Workshop on Visual Computing for Biology and Medicine
description: Blood Flow and Vascular Visualization
description: 253
description: 263
description: Benjamin Behrendt, Wito Engelke, Philipp Berg, Oliver Beuing, Bernhard Preim, Ingrid Hotz, and Sylvia Saalfeld
description: CCS Concepts: Human-centered computing --> Scientific visualization
Habitability of Earth-like stagnant lid planets: Climate evolution and recovery from snowball states
Creators: name: Foley, Bradford J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coupled models of mantle thermal evolution, volcanism, outgassing, weathering, and climate evolution for Earth-like (in terms of size and composition) stagnant lid planets are used to assess their prospects for habitability. The results indicate that planetary CO$_2$ budgets ranging from $\approx 3$ orders of magnitude lower than Earth's to $\approx 1$ order of magnitude larger, and radiogenic heating budgets as large or larger than Earth's, allow for habitable climates lasting 1-5 Gyrs. The ability of stagnant lid planets to recover from potential snowball states is also explored; recovery is found to depend on whether atmosphere-ocean chemical exchange is possible. For a "hard" snowball with no exchange, recovery is unlikely, as most CO$_2$ outgassing takes place via metamorphic decarbonation of the crust, which occurs below the ice layer. However, for a "soft" snowball where there is exchange between atmosphere and ocean, planets can readily recover. For both hard and soft snowball states, there is a minimum CO$_2$ budget needed for recovery; below this limit any snowball state would be permanent. Thus there is the possibility for hysteresis in stagnant lid planet climate evolution, where planets with low CO$_2$ budgets that start off in a snowball climate will be permanently stuck in this state, while otherwise identical planets that start with a temperate climate will be capable of maintaining this climate for 1 Gyrs or more. Finally, the model results have important implications for future exoplanet missions, as they can guide observations to planets most likely to possess habitable climates.
description: 38 pages, 11 figures. Accepted at Astrophys. J
Data analysis of continuous gravitational wave: Fourier transform-II
Creators: name: Srivastava, D. C.
name: Sahay, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we obtain the Fourier Transform of a continuous gravitational wave. We have analysed the data set for (i) one year observation time and (ii) arbitrary observation time, for arbitrary location of detector and source taking into account the effects arising due to rotational as well as orbital motion of the earth. As an application of the transform we considered spin down and N-component signal analysis.
description: Accepted in MNRAS, 14 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 3 of Proteomic analysis revealed T cell hyporesponsiveness induced by Haemonchus contortus excretory and secretory proteins
Creators: name: Lu, Mingmin
name: Tian, Xiaowei
name: Yang, Zhang
name: Wang, Wenjuan
name: Tian, Ai-Ling
name: Li, Charles
name: Yan, Ruofeng
name: Xu, Lixin
name: Song, Xiaokai
name: Li, Xiangrui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Full list of identified T cell binding receptors in vitro.
Leveraging Social Media for Nutrition Interventions with Young Populations
Creators: Chau, Michelle M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Food habits
Social media
Medical sciences
Nutrition
Teenagers--Nutrition
Young adults

description: This dissertation investigates how adolescents and young adults engage with social media in the context of health and wellness and explores new directions for the design of informatics interventions that utilize social media for promoting healthy nutrition among this population. Adolescence and young adulthood are critical points in the formation of life-long health habits, including healthy eating. Social media presents a unique opportunity for health promotion interventions for this population, given their high levels of engagement with social media in various areas of their lives. Yet contemporary interventions for promoting healthy eating utilize only a limited set of social media capabilities. In this dissertation, I approached these questions though a combination of studies of young adults’ attitudes, preferences, and behaviors with social media, a deployment study of a novel informatics intervention for healthy eating among adolescents and young adults, and explorations of novel ways to incorporate machine learning approaches in identifying opportunities to inspire healthy behaviors.
Additional file 5: of Certainty-based marking in a formative assessment improves student course appreciation but not summative examination scores
Creators: name: Wiljan Hendriks
name: Bakker, Nicole
name: Pluk, Helma
name: Brouwer, Arjan
name: BĂŠ Wieringa
name: Cambi, Alessandra
name: Zegers, Mirjam
name: Wansink, Derick
name: Leunissen, Ron
name: Klaren, Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Questionnaire with 19 questions, including a request for further comments, on CBL use (in Dutch). (PDF 75 kb)
A Counterexample-guided Approach to Finding Numerical Invariants
Creators: name: Nguyen, ThanhVu
name: Antopoulos, Timos
name: Ruef, Andrew
name: Hicks, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Numerical invariants, e.g., relationships among numerical variables in a program, represent a useful class of properties to analyze programs. General polynomial invariants represent more complex numerical relations, but they are often required in many scientific and engineering applications. We present NumInv, a tool that implements a counterexample-guided invariant generation (CEGIR) technique to automatically discover numerical invariants, which are polynomial equality and inequality relations among numerical variables. This CEGIR technique infers candidate invariants from program traces and then checks them against the program source code using the KLEE test-input generation tool. If the invariants are incorrect KLEE returns counterexample traces, which help the dynamic inference obtain better results. Existing CEGIR approaches often require sound invariants, however NumInv sacrifices soundness and produces results that KLEE cannot refute within certain time bounds. This design and the use of KLEE as a verifier allow NumInv to discover useful and important numerical invariants for many challenging programs. Preliminary results show that NumInv generates required invariants for understanding and verifying correctness of programs involving complex arithmetic. We also show that NumInv discovers polynomial invariants that capture precise complexity bounds of programs used to benchmark existing static complexity analysis techniques. Finally, we show that NumInv performs competitively comparing to state of the art numerical invariant analysis tools.
title: Vierteljahresschrift für praktische Pharmacie 8. Band 1859
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Palm
Year: 1859
Subjects: subject: 615

description: Vierteljahresschrift für praktische Pharmacie 1. 1852 - 22. 1873: herausgegeben von Georg Christoph Wittstein, vol. 8. 1859
Leveraging the potential of human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes: From modeling congenital heart disease to treating myocardial infarction
Creators: Liu, Bohao
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biomedical engineering
Molecular biology
Medicine
Myocardial infarction
Congenital heart disease
Heart cells
Stem cells
Human beings

description: The ability to generate cardiomyocytes from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) provides unprecedented opportunities in the study and treatment of cardiac diseases. The objective of this dissertation is the development of novel methods of utilizing hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs). First, we leveraged the potential of hiPSC-CMs to model congenital heart disease caused by mutations in the transcription factor ZIC3. We developed a method to directly explore the effect of ZIC3 inhibition using hiPSCs at a molecular, cellular, and functional level through utilization of CRISPR interference. Our results identified the role of ZIC3 in regulating Nodal signaling, Wnt signaling, and cell structure and motility processes during cardiac development, suggesting that ZIC3 mutation leads to congenital heart disease in humans by the abnormal regulation of multiple steps during left-right axis establishment. Next, we leveraged the potential of hiPSC-CMs to treat myocardial infarction. We demonstrated that the extended delivery of extracellular vesicles secreted by hiPSC-CMs could attenuate injury and promote recovery of the heart after infarction by regulating apoptosis and inflammatory pathways. These results suggest that hiPSC-CM secreted extracellular vesicles represent a novel cell free tool in the treatment of myocardial infarction and the understanding of heart recovery.
Measurements of the jet internal sub-structure and its relevance to parton shower evolution in p+p and Au+Au collisions at STAR
Creators: name: Elayavalli, Raghav Kunnawalkam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent measurements of jet structure modifications at RHIC and LHC highlight the importance of differential measurements to study the nature of jet quenching. Since these jet structure observables are intimately dependent on parton evolution in both the angular and energy scales, measurements are needed to disentangle these two scales in order to probe the medium at different length scales to study its characteristic properties such as the coherence length. To that effect, the STAR collaboration presents fully unfolded results of a jet's sub-structure via the SoftDrop shared momentum fraction ($z_{g}$) and the groomed jet radius ($R_{g}$) in p+p collisions at $\sqrt{s} = $ 200 GeV as a function of jet momenta. Having established the p+p baseline, we present the first measurement of the jet's inherent angular structure in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = $ 200 GeV via an experimentally robust observable related to the SoftDrop $R_{g}$: the opening angle between the two leading sub-jets ($θ_{SJ}$). In Au+Au collisions at STAR, we utilize a specific di-jet selection as introduced in our previous momentum imbalance ($A_{J}$) measurement and the recoil jet spectra differentially as a function of jet transverse momentum belonging to particular angular lasses based on the $θ_{SJ}$ observable. With such measurements, we probe the medium response to jets at a particular resolution scale and find no significant differences in quenching for jets of different angular scales as given by $θ_{SJ}$.
description: 4 pages, Proceedings for HP 2018
Handbook of resilience and working definitions
Creators: name: Püttsepp, Ülle
name: Schnabel, Susanne
name: Antichi, Daniele
name: Chiron, Geoffrey
name: Dehnen-Schmutz, Katharina
name: Heinsoo, Katrin
name: Kauer, Karin
name: Mele, Marcello
name: Ots, Meelis
name: Pechenart, Elodie
name: Tali, Kadri
name: Venn, Rosemary
name: Verstand, Daan
Publisher: name: https://agromixproject.eu
Year: 2022

description: The AGROMIX project aims at building a practical framework of attributes that would guide farmers to recognize and implement changes to improve their holdings to become more resilient towards environmental and socio—economic fluctuations and long-term stresses caused by climate change.This document is one amongst the earliest documents delivered in the AGROMIX project, produced by Task 1.1. Our primary aim is to help the consortium in synchronizing the interpretations of conceptual elements and framework the consortium is dealing with throughout the project. The objective is to speak ‘the same language’ among the consortium partners in terms of definitions, usage of terms, and how we see the order of relevance of concepts and their linkages. The Work Packages starting later or currently working will have a handbook within-reach while working on their specific Tasks. This also incurs that the framework is building up during the course of the project, developing as the Work Packages obtain more in-depth knowledge from practical situations they tackle during the progress of their work. In the last phase of the AGROMIX project the Task 1.5 will have a chance to evaluate and correct the initial framework by looking back to the activities, experiences and results the Work Packages have achieved.

The most eminent and frequent keywords for the project are resilience of farming systems, climate change, agroforestry (AF), and mixed farming (MF). The main hypothesis being that the agro-food systems are more resilient to the impacts of climate change when they integrate complexity, agroforestry and mixed-ness of farming system being useful practices with old traditions. While the AF and MF can be rather different systems, complexity is a common assumption in both systems, including environmental and socio-economic dimensions inherent in their structure and functioning, when we compare with mono-systems.
Nonlocal extended conformal algebras associated with multi-constraint KP hierarchy and their free-field realizations
Creators: name: Shaw, Jiin-Chang
name: Tu, Ming-Hsien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the conformal properties of the multi-constraint KP hierarchy and its nonstandard partner by covariantizing their corresponding Lax operators. The associated second Hamiltonian structures turn out to be nonlocal extension of $W_n$ algebra by some integer or half-integer spin fields depending on the order of the Lax operators. In particular, we show that the complicated second Hamiltonian structure of the nonstandard multi-constraint KP hierarchy can be simplified by factorizing its Lax operator to multiplication form. We then diagonalize this simplified Poisson matrix and obtain the free-field realizations of its associated nonlocal algebras.
description: 14 pages, RevTex, no figures, typos corrected
title: Vierteljahresschrift für praktische Pharmacie 9. Band 1860
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Palm
Year: 1860
Subjects: subject: 615

description: Vierteljahresschrift für praktische Pharmacie 1. 1852 - 22. 1873: herausgegeben von Georg Christoph Wittstein, vol. 9. 1860
Positivity and Convergence in Fermionic Quantum Field Theory
Creators: name: Salmhofer, Manfred
name: Wieczerkowski, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive norm bounds that imply the convergence of perturbation theory in fermionic quantum field theory if the propagator is summable and has a finite Gram constant. These bounds are sufficient for an application in renormalization group studies. Our proof is conceptually simple and technically elementary; it clarifies how the applicability of Gram bounds with uniform constants is related to positivity properties of matrices associated to the procedure of taking connected parts of Gaussian convolutions. This positivity is preserved in the decouplings that also preserve stability in the case of two-body interactions.
description: LaTeX, one figure
Excavations at Steyning New Museum, Church Street, Steyning, West Sussex 1989
Creators: name: Reynolds, Andrew
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2021

description: Sussex Archaeological Collections, 130, 60-68
description: Excavations revealed a shallow ditch and two pits. Although the area examined was limited and only a small number of features were excavated, a wide range of material, dating from the 10th to the 15th centuries, was recovered. Finds included building materials and decorative metalwork.
title: Vierteljahresschrift für praktische Pharmacie 10. Band 1861
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Palm
Year: 1861
Subjects: subject: 615

description: Vierteljahresschrift für praktische Pharmacie 1. 1852 - 22. 1873: herausgegeben von Georg Christoph Wittstein, vol. 10. 1861
Simultaneous decomposition of two states
Creators: name: Uhlmann, Armin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Simultaneous decompositions of a pair of states into pure ones are examined. There are privileged decompositions which are distinguished from all the other ones.
description: 7 pages
Distance Field Visualization and 2D Abstraction of Vessel Tree Structures with on-the-fly Parameterization
Creators: name: Lichtenberg, Nils
name: Krayer, Bastian
name: Hansen, Christian
name: Müller, Stefan
name: Lawonn, Kai
Publisher: name: The Eurographics Association
Year: 2019

description: In this paper, we make contributions to the visualization of vascular structures. Based on skeletal input data, we provide a combined 2D and implicit 3D visualization of vasculature, that is parameterized on-the-fly for illustrative visualization. We use an efficient algorithm that creates a distance field volume from triangles and extend it to handle skeletal tree data. Spheretracing this volume allows to visualize the vasculature in a flexible way, without the need to recompute the volume. Illustrative techniques, that have been frequently applied to vascular visualizations often require texture coordinates. Therefore, modifying an object-based algorithm, we propose an image-based, hierarchical optimization process that allows to derive periodic texture coordinates in a frame-coherent way and suits the implicit representation of the vascular structures. In addition to the 3D surface visualization, we propose a simple layout algorithm that applies a 2D parameterization to the skeletal tree nodes. This parameterization can be used to color-code the vasculature or to plot a 2D overview-graph, that highlights the branching topology of the skeleton. We transfer measurements, done in 3D space, to the 2D plot in order to avoid visual clutter and self occlusions in the 3D representation. A visual link between the 3D and 2D views is established via color codes and texture patterns. The potential of our pipeline is shown in several prototypical application scenarios.
description: Eurographics Workshop on Visual Computing for Biology and Medicine
description: Blood Flow and Vascular Visualization
description: 265
description: 278
description: Nils Lichtenberg, Bastian Krayer, Christian Hansen, Stefan Müller, and Kai Lawonn