cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Trend analysis of monthly acid rain data - '80 -'86
Creators: name: Wu, Shiying
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Three-way median polish is used to model the monthly concentrations of three kinds of ions in precipitation, namely sulphate, nitrate and hydrogen ions. In contrast to previous findings that the wet acid deposition had decreased from late 70's to early 80's, the results suggest that there is a V-shaped trend for wet acid deposition during the period of 1980 -1986 with the change point around 1983. Strong seasonality is also discovered by the analysis. Nonparametric monotone trend tests are performed on the data collected from 1980 to 1986 and on the data collected from 1983 to 1986 separately. The results are consistent with the findings from the median polish approach. A nonparametric slope estimate of the trend is obtained for each monitoring station. Based on these estimates, the slope estimate is obtained by Kriging interpolation for each integer degree grid point of longitude and latitude across the 48 conterminous states in the United States. Also, a geographical pattern in the data is suggested by hierarchical clustering and by median polishing.
Additional file 1 of Aptamer modified Ti3C2 nanosheets application in smart targeted photothermal therapy for cancer
Creators: name: Bai, Zhiqiang
name: Zhao, Lu
name: Feng, Haidi
name: Xin, Zhihui
name: Wang, Chaoyu
name: Liu, Zhixiong
name: Tian, Maozhong
name: Zhang, Haifei
name: Bai, Yunfeng
name: Feng, Feng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biochemistry
Space Science
Medicine
Cell Biology
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. SEM images of (a) Ti3AlC2 ceramic bulks and (b) Ti3C2 bulks. Figure S2. (a) AFM image and (b) the corresponding thickness of Ti3C2 nanosheets. Figure S3. EDS spectra of Ti3C2 nanosheets. Figure S4. XPS spectra of Ti3C2 nanosheets. Figure S5. Digital images of Ti3C2 nanosheets and Ti3C2/Apt-M nanosheets dispersed in various solvents. Figure S6. Digital images of hemolysis assay of Ti3C2, Ti3C2-PEG and Ti3C2/Apt-M nanosheets at different concentrations. Figure S7. UV–vis spectra of Ti3C2, Ti3C2-PEG and Ti3C2/Apt-M nanosheets. Figure S8. UV–vis spectra of (a) Ti3C2, (b) Ti3C2-PEG and (c) Ti3C2/Apt-C nanosheets at different concentrations. Mass extinction coefficient of (d) Ti3C2, (e) Ti3C2-PEG and (f) Ti3C2/Apt-C nanosheets at 808 nm. Normalized absorbance intensity at λ = 808 nm divided by the characteristic length of the cell (A/L) at varied concentrations (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 µg mL−1). Figure S9. Photothermal performance of (a) Ti3C2, (b) Ti3C2-PEG and (c) Ti3C2/Apt-C nanosheets dispersed in aqueous solution under 808 nm laser irradiation. Calculation of time constant and photothermal-conversion efficiency of (d) Ti3C2, (e) Ti3C2-PEG and (f) Ti3C2/Apt-C nanosheets at 808 nm laser irradiation. Figure S10. (a) Infrared thermal images and (b) temperature changes of Ti3C2/Apt-M nanosheet aqueous solutions under different laser power irradiation at 808 nm. Figure S11. Cell viabilities of (a-b) MCF-7 and (c-d) HepG2 cells after incubation with Ti3C2-PEG, Ti3C2/Apt-M and Ti3C2/Apt-C nanosheets of varied concentrations for 24 h and 48 h. Figure S12. Cell viability of (a) MCF-7 and (b) HepG2 cells treated with different concentrations of Ti3C2-PEG, Ti3C2/Apt-C and Ti3C2/Apt-M nanosheets. Figure S13. (a) The representative infrared thermal images and (b) temperature curves of tumor-bearing mice with different treatments at different time points. Figure S14. Body weight curves of tumor-bearing mice after different treatments in 17 d. Figure S15. H&E stained tissue sections of major organs (heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney) from mice with different treatments. Scale bar: 100 μm. Table S1. Aptamer sequences. Table S2. The photothermal performance parameters (mass extinction coefficient and photothermal conversion efficiency) of various nanoagents in the literatures.
Asteroseismic analysis of variable hot subdwarf stars observed with TESS I. The mean g-mode period spacings in hot subdwarf B stars
Creators: name: Uzundag, Murat
name: Vuckovic, Maja
name: Nemeth, Peter
name: Bertolami, M. Miller
name: Silvotti, Roberto
name: Baran, Andrzej S.
name: Telting, John H.
name: Reed, Mike
name: Shoaf, K. A.
name: Ostensen, Roy H.
name: Sahoo, Sumanta K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present photometric and spectroscopic analyses of gravity (g-mode) long-period pulsating hot subdwarf B (sdB) stars. We perform a detailed asteroseismic and spectroscopic analysis of five pulsating sdB stars observed with {\it TESS} aiming at the global comparison of the observations with the model predictions based on our stellar evolution computations coupled with the adiabatic pulsation computations. We apply standard seismic tools for mode identification, including asymptotic period spacings and rotational frequency multiplets. We calculate the mean period spacing for $l = 1$ and $l = 2$ modes and estimate the errors by means of a statistical resampling analysis. For all stars, atmospheric parameters were derived by fitting synthetic spectra to the newly obtained low-resolution spectra. We have computed stellar evolution models using {\tt LPCODE} stellar evolution code, and computed $l = 1$ g-mode frequencies with the adiabatic non-radial pulsation code {\tt LP-PUL}. Derived observational mean period spacings are then compared to the mean period spacings from detailed stellar evolution computations coupled with the adiabatic pulsation computations of g-modes. The atmospheric parameters derived from spectroscopic data are typical of long-period pulsating sdB stars with the effective temperature ranging from 23\,700\,K to 27\,600\,K and surface gravity spanning from 5.3\,dex to 5.5\,dex. In agreement with the expectations from theoretical arguments and previous asteroseismological works, we find that the mean period spacings obtained for models with small convective cores, as predicted by a pure Schwarzschild criterion, are incompatible with the observations. We find that models with a standard/modest convective boundary mixing at the boundary of the convective core are in better agreement with the observed mean period spacings and are therefore more realistic.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
การอบแห้งขมิ้นชันด้วยเครื่องอบแห้งแบบปั๊มความร้อน
Creators: name: นัฐราช แสนมีมา
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Year: 2556
Subjects: อัตราการอบแห้ง, อัตราการระเหยน้ำจำเพาะ, ความสิ้นเปลืองพลังงานจำเพาะ

description: 5, 32, วารสารวิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Eternal inflation and localization on the landscape
Creators: name: Podolsky, D.
name: Enqvist, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We model the essential features of eternal inflation on the landscape of a dense discretuum of vacua by the potential $V(ϕ)=V_{0}+δV(ϕ)$, where $|δV(ϕ)|\ll V_{0}$ is random. We find that the diffusion of the distribution function $ρ(ϕ,t)$ of the inflaton expectation value in different Hubble patches may be suppressed due to the effect analogous to the Anderson localization in disordered quantum systems. At $t \to \infty$ only the localized part of the distribution function $ρ(ϕ, t)$ survives which leads to dynamical selection principle on the landscape. The probability to measure any but a small value of the cosmological constant in a given Hubble patch on the landscape is exponentially suppressed at $t\to \infty$.
description: 4 pages; more references added; discussion enlarged
VP12-01: Measurement and Modeling of the Residual Flux in the Single-Phase Three-Limb Transformer
Creators: Yuzhan Ren and Youhua Wang
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2023

Sensors, High Frequency Devices, and Power Devices (Virtual)
I Introduction Residual flux density (Br) causes an inrush current when transformers are re-energized, leading to winding deformation, current imbalance and failure of the protection function [1]. The precise measurement of Br is crucial to suppressing the generation of the inrush current. Existing measurement methods have rarely been studied for the widely used single-phase three-limb transformers. In this paper, a novel method for measuring and modeling the Br of single-phase three-limb transformers is proposed, which can measure the distribution of the Br in various parts of the transformer core. II Methodology and modeling The structure of the magnetic domains in the core varies with different Br. When the same voltage excitation is applied to the transformer winding, the response current waveform will be influenced by the Br in the transformer core. The response current waveform is shown in Fig. 1. Compared to the response current without Br, the greater deviations in waveforms, the larger Br in the core. Based on the difference between response current waveforms, the Br can be determined by the Pearson correlation coefficient. The relationship between Br and the response current is established by using the field-circuit coupling method. Unlike the core-type transformer, the single-phase three-limb transformer has two magnetic circuits. For the response current, the Br in the core and the yoke are co-determinants. In order to improve the accuracy of simulating calculation, the local DC magnetization curve at the Br is measured and adopted. The material properties of the core column and yoke are properly set according to the corresponding Br. Then the fitted model for calculating Br is obtained based on simulation results. III Conclusion The experiment is conducted on the 10 kV, 250 kVA single-phase three-limb power transformer, as shown in Fig. 2. The maximum measurement error does not exceed 6.02%, proving the validity and accuracy of the proposed method. The method is suitable for all single-phase transformers, providing valuable information for suppressing the inrush current.References: [1]Y. Z. Gerdroodbari, M. Davarpanah, and S. Farhangi, “Remanent Flux Negative Effects on Transformer Diagnostic Test Results and a Novel Approach for Its Elimination,” IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery., Vol. 33, no. 6, pp. 2938–2945 (2018)
Additional file 7 of Genetic and environmental determinants of O6-methylguanine DNA-methyltransferase (MGMT) gene methylation: a 10-year longitudinal study of Danish twins
Creators: name: Wang, Lijie
name: Mohammadnejad, Afsaneh
name: Li, Weilong
name: Lund, Jesper
name: Li, Shuxia
name: Clemmensen, Signe
name: Timofeeva, Maria
name: Soerensen, Mette
name: Mengel-From, Jonas
name: Christensen, Kaare
name: Hjelmborg, Jacob
name: Tan, Qihua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 7: Figure S4. Scatter plot for MZ twins and DZ twins of the beta value for all the other non-significant CpG sites of MGMT.
Atomic Manipulation of In-gap States on the $β$-Bi$_2$Pd Superconductor
Creators: name: Mier, Cristina
name: Hwang, Jiyoon
name: Kim, Jinkyung
name: Bae, Yujeong
name: Nabeshima, Fuyuki
name: Imai, Yoshinori
name: Maeda, Atsutaka
name: Lorente, Nicolás
name: Heinrich, Andreas
name: Choi, Deung-Jang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electronic states in the gap of a superconductor inherit intriguing many-body properties from the superconductor. Here, we create these in-gap states by manipulating Cr atomic chains on the $β$-Bi$_2$Pd superconductor. We find that the topological properties of the in-gap states can greatly vary depending on the crafted spin chain. These systems make an ideal platform for non-trivial topological phases because of the large atom-superconductor interactions and the existence of a large Rashba coupling at the Bi-terminated surface. We study two spin chains, one with atoms two-lattice-parameter apart and one with square-root-of-two lattice parameters. Of these, only the second one is in a topologically non-trivial phase, in correspondence with the spin interactions for this geometry.
VP1-02: SUSCEPTIBILITY OF DIPOLAR COUPLED MAGNETIC VORTICES
Creators: T. G. M Jales
S. M. B. Martins Jr
A. S. Carriço
and Ana L. Dantas
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2023

Domain Wall, Vortex, and Skyrmion Dynamics and Devices (Virtual)
The ability to manipulate and control the motion of magnetic vortices offers new opportunities for developing high-density and low-power memory devices. We present a model calculation of the dynamic susceptibility of a pair of dipolar vortices coupled in two coaxial Py nanocylinders stacked along the z-axis. The nanocylinders have a height of h and are separated by a nonmagnetic layer with a thickness of t (Py(h)|NM(t)|Py(h)). We have found a bimodal spectrum for the in-plane susceptibility (χxx) for an oscillating magnetic field of 1.0 Oe, where the low-frequency mode is associated with the vortex core dynamics. Furthermore, we have found that the system dimensions may tune the susceptibility spectrum. For instance, the resonance frequency peaks of a vortex in an isolate Py(12 nm) nanocylinder with a 39 nm diameter are 1.6 and 11.5 GHz. While for a 63 nm diameter Py(12 nm) nanocylinder, the frequencies are 1.4 and 11.0 GHz. For a pair of Py(12 nm) nanocylinders, with 39 and 63 nm diameter, separated by a 1nm thick nonmagnetic layer, the vortex core's resonant frequencies increase to 1.7 and 2.1 GHz, respectively, while, in both cases, the second peak is at 10.5 GHz (see Fig.1). Fig.2 shows the vortex magnetization pattern in the bottom 63 nm diameter Py(12 nm) nanocylinder. The magnetization profile of the upper nanocylinder is the same. As seen in Fig.2, our results indicate that the low-frequency mode corresponds to vortex core excitations, while the higher-frequency mode originates from excitations away from the vortex core, located near the nanocylinder lateral surface.
Vortices in Bose-Einstein Condensates: Theory
Creators: name: Parker, N. G.
name: Jackson, B.
name: Martin, A. M.
name: Adams, C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vortices are pervasive in nature, representing the breakdown of laminar fluid flow and hence playing a key role in turbulence. The fluid rotation associated with a vortex can be parameterized by the circulation $Γ=\oint {\rm d}{\bf r}\cdot{\bf v}({\bf r})$ about the vortex, where ${\bf v}({\bf r})$ is the fluid velocity field. While classical vortices can take any value of circulation, superfluids are irrotational, and any rotation or angular momentum is constrained to occur through vortices with quantized circulation. Quantized vortices also play a key role in the dissipation of transport in superfluids. In BECs quantized vortices have been observed in several forms, including single vortices, vortex lattices, and vortex pairs and rings. The recent observation of quantized vortices in a fermionic gas was taken as a clear signature of the underlying condensation and superfluidity of fermion pairs. In addition to BECs, quantized vortices also occur in superfluid Helium, nonlinear optics, and type-II superconductors.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures. Book chapter to appear in "Emergent Nonlinear Phenomena in Bose-Einstein condensates: Theory and Experiment" (Springer-Verlag).
VP4-01: Magnetic Flux Density Distribution and Stimulus Resolution on the Figure-Eight Coil During Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
Creators: Tetsuya Torii
Aya Sato
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2023

Interdisciplinary and Emerging Topics: Biomedical Applications; Magnetic Fluids and Separations; New Applications and Other Emerging Topics (Virtual)
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive method of stimulating the human brain; it uses a magnetic field to induce eddy currents in the cerebral cortex. TMS can provide local stimulation via a figure-eight coil, with applications for brain and nerve disease treatments and research into brain function. However, the detailed energy dynamics of TMS on the cerebral cortex remain unclear. The present study focused on magnetic energy distribution and stimulation resolution via magnetic flux density, which was measured using a simple instrument consisting of a probe, integrator, and buffer amplifier. A Rapid2 stimulator and figure-eight coil were used to apply magnetic stimulation to a brain model. For magnetic induction by TMS, stimulus pulses (pulse width 320 µs, intensity 75%) were used. The brain model was based on a subject with a motor threshold of approximately 62% and a scalp-to-primary-motor-cortex distance (i.e., distance from the scalp to the center of the sensor coil) of 15 mm. Magnetic flux density was measured within a range of ±50 mm from the center of the x- or y-axis on the figure-eight coil. In the current study, the highest magnetic flux density was approximately 270 mT at the center of the stimulus coil. The flux density near the center of the circle of the figure-eight coil (approximately ±40 mm) is theoretically zero. Background noise was therefore estimated using the magnetic flux density with the probe at −40 mm (approximately 80 mT, minimum). The central part of the figure-eight coil had the highest magnetic flux density (approximately 190 mT), and the TMS resolution was approximately 4 mm on both the x- and y-axes. The stimulus area was therefore estimated as approximately 13 mm2. Moreover, the stimulation area in which the magnetic flux density decreased by less than 1% compared with the highest magnetic flux density was approximately 28 mm2, and that in which the magnetic flux density decreased by less than 5% was approximately 174 mm2. Together, these findings suggest that the distribution of magnetic stimulation energy delivered to a target cortex may be evaluated using a simple measurement device and brain model.References: M. Hallett, Neuron, vol. 55(2), pp. 187-199 (2007) S. Ueno, T. Matsuda et al., J Appl. Phys., vol. 67(9), pp. 5838-5840 (1990)
On Newtonian frames
Creators: name: Coll, Bartolomé
name: Ferrando, Joan Josep
name: Morales, Juan Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In Newtonian space-time there exist four, and only four, causal classes of frames. Natural frames allow to extend this result to coordinate systems, so that coordinate systems may be also locally classified in four causal classes. These causal classes admit simple geometric descriptions and physical interpretations. For example, one can generate representatives of the four causal classes by means of the {\em linear synchronization group}. Of particular interest is the {\em local Solar time synchronization}, which reveals the limits of the frequent use of the concept of `causally oriented oordinate', such as that of `time-like coordinate'. Classical {\em positioning systems}, based in sound or light signals, are, by themselves, interesting examples of location systems, i.e. of physically constructible coordinate systems. They show that one can locate events in Newtonian space-time {\em without} any use of the concept of synchronization. In fact, the coordinate systems associated to positioning systems, belong to all the classes but the standard one, i.e. the one based in the simultaneity synchronization. The relativistic analogs of these examples, emphasize the contrast between the four Newtonian and the one hundred and ninety nine Lorentzian causal classes of frames of classical and relativistic space-times, respectively.
description: 26 pages, 4 figures
VP10-05: Equalized Shape Feature Enhancement Method for Multiple Ferromagnetic Objects
Creators: Hexuan Sun
Jing Qiu
Zheng Wang
Shunyu Zhang and Shuanglong Huang
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2023

Microscopy & Characterization II
When magnetic measuring instruments are used to measure the shape of ferromagnetic objects, the objects far away from the observation plane are likely to have blurred shape features because the magnetic field decays rapidly with distance[1]. A bigger challenge is to measure multiple objects at the same time. When the relative positions of multiple measured objects and the observation plane are inappropriate, it is easy to have problems that the shape features of the deeper measured objects are not obvious and the magnetic signals of multiple measured objects are aliased, which usually leads to shape feature measurement failed. To address this issue, we propose an equalized shape feature enhancement method for multiple ferromagnetic objects. The method enhances shape features by evaluating the trends of the total horizontal derivative[2] and vertical derivative[3] of the magnetic field within the measurement area using the standard deviation. Meanwhile, the method combines the theory of ratio equalization and normalization to improve the shape features convergence of deeper objects and balance the signal aliasing interference between objects of different depths. Experimental results (Fig.1) show that the shape feature measurement results of the proposed method(NFSD) are clear and in good agreement with the ideal model. The method can effectively balance the magnetic anomaly amplitudes of the measured objects with different depths, and improve the accuracy and stability of shape feature measurement. Furthermore, we compare and analyze the processing effects of the proposed method and the traditional NSTD method[4] (Fig. 2). It is calculated that the standard deviations of the results obtained by the proposed method and the NSTD method are 0.146 and 0.136, and the average peak-to-trough differences are 0.368 and 0.352, respectively. Therefore, the proposed method can better enhance the shape characteristics of ferromagnetic objects, and has more practical application value.References: [1] J. Li, H. Fan and Y. Zhang, Journal of Military Engineering, Vol. 41, p.2033-2044 (2020) [2] G. Ma and L. Li, Computers & Geosciences, Vol. 41, p.83-87(2012) [3] Y. Zhu, W. Wang and C. G. Farquharson, Geophysics, Vol. 86, p.G23–G34 (2021) [4] G. Cooper and D. Cowan, Geophysics, Vol. 71, p.H1-H4 (2008)
Strange star with Krori-Barua potential in presence of anisotropy
Creators: name: Bhar, Piyali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In present paper a well-behaved new model of anisotropic compact star in (3+1)-dimensional spacetime has been investigated in the background of Einstein's general theory of relativity. The model has been developed by choosing $g_rr$ component as Krori-Barua (KB) ansatz [Krori and Barua in J. Phys. A, Math. Gen. 8:508, 1975]. The field equations have been solved by a proper choice of the anisotropy factor which is physically reasonable and well behaved inside the stellar interior. Interior spacetime has been matched smoothly to the exterior Schwarzschild vacuum solution and it has also been depicted graphically. Model is free from all types of singularities and is in static equilibrium under different forces acting on the system. The stability of the model has been tested with the help of various conditions available in literature. The solution is compatible with observed masses and radii of a few compact stars.
description: Accepted for publication in International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics
Sources and patterns of noise exposure in teenagers and undergraduates
Creators: name: Byberg Ruckle, Charlotte Marie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The present study was undertaken in order to investigate the sources and patterns of noise exposure in teenagers and undergraduates, and also to look for signs of decreased hearing sensitivity, which might be related to noise exposure. Information was obtained regarding the noise exposure habits of this population through a noise exposure history questionnaire, activity diary, and a 13 hour dosimetry sample. Thresholds were obtained for all subjects using pure tone air and bone conduction audiometry at octave frequencies from 250 to 8000 Hz and inter octave frequencies above 1000 Hz. Middle ear function was checked using immittance audiometry including tympanometry and screening ipsilateral acoustic reflexes at 1000 Hz. The results indicated that the sources and patterns of noise exposure for both teenagers and undergraduates were fairly similiar. The major steady state sources of exposure for all subjects were television and amplified music. The major impulse sources of exposure were firecrackers and rifles. Mean eight hour equivalent dosimetry levels for teenagers were 84.9 dBA. It was found that 50 % of the teenagers had dosimetry levels exceeding the mean level. Only 4 % of subjects from either group reported regular use of hearing protection in noisy conditions. Thresholds for all otologically normal subjects were found to be within normal limits (25 dB HL). The poorest mean thresholds for both teenagers and undergraduates were found at 6000 Hz. Correlations between thresholds at 6000 Hz and dosimetry levels, selected steady state sources and selected impulse sources did not indicate a significant relationship between any of these variables. Dosimetry levels obtained in the current study were higher than those obtained by previous studies and indicate that further investigation in this area is warranted. The finding of poorer thresholds at 6000 Hz was in agreement with the findings of previous studies but the current study did not show a strong relationship between noise exposure and auditory thresholds for this population.
Additional file 1 of Inhaled corticosteroids use in childhood respiratory diseases: an italian survey on pediatricians’ prescription habits
Creators: name: Cerimoniale, Giovanni
name: Becherucci, Paolo
name: Verga, Maria Carmen
name: Mauro, Giuseppe Di
name: Indinnimeo, Luciana
name: Villani, Alberto
name: Tosca, Mariangela
name: Marseglia, Gian Luigi
name: Duse, Marzia
name: Biasci, Paolo
name: Doria, Mattia
name: Peroni, Diego
name: Piacentini, Giorgio
name: Cicco, Maria Di
name: Pozzobon, Gabriella
name: Lubrano, Riccardo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1:. Italian pediatric scientific societies and professional associations involved in the consensus statement and web-based survey projects on ICS use in childhood.
Roadmap of spin-orbit torques
Creators: name: Shao, Qiming
name: Li, Peng
name: Liu, Luqiao
name: Yang, Hyunsoo
name: Fukami, Shunsuke
name: Razavi, Armin
name: Wu, Hao
name: Wang, Kang L.
name: Freimuth, Frank
name: Mokrousov, Yuriy
name: Stiles, Mark D.
name: Emori, Satoru
name: Hoffmann, Axel
name: Åkerman, Johan
name: Roy, Kaushik
name: Wang, Jian-Ping
name: Yang, See-Hun
name: Garello, Kevin
name: Zhang, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-orbit torque (SOT) is an emerging technology that enables the efficient manipulation of spintronic devices. The initial processes of interest in SOTs involved electric fields, spin-orbit coupling, conduction electron spins and magnetization. More recently interest has grown to include a variety of other processes that include phonons, magnons, or heat. Over the past decade, many materials have been explored to achieve a larger SOT efficiency. Recently, holistic design to maximize the performance of SOT devices has extended material research from a nonmagnetic layer to a magnetic layer. The rapid development of SOT has spurred a variety of SOT-based applications. In this Roadmap paper, we first review the theories of SOTs by introducing the various mechanisms thought to generate or control SOTs, such as the spin Hall effect, the Rashba-Edelstein effect, the orbital Hall effect, thermal gradients, magnons, and strain effects. Then, we discuss the materials that enable these effects, including metals, metallic alloys, topological insulators, two-dimensional materials, and complex oxides. We also discuss the important roles in SOT devices of different types of magnetic layers. Afterward, we discuss device applications utilizing SOTs. We discuss and compare three-terminal and two-terminal SOT-magnetoresistive random-access memories (MRAMs); we mention various schemes to eliminate the need for an external field. We provide technological application considerations for SOT-MRAM and give perspectives on SOT-based neuromorphic devices and circuits. In addition to SOT-MRAM, we present SOT-based spintronic terahertz generators, nano-oscillators, and domain wall and skyrmion racetrack memories. This paper aims to achieve a comprehensive review of SOT theory, materials, and applications, guiding future SOT development in both the academic and industrial sectors.
description: an invited paper in the "Advances in Magnetics" series
Le discours identitaire au Québec : analyse et comparaison des idéologies de La Meute, Atalante et Storm Alliance entre 2015 et 2019
Creators: name: Berthiaume, Xavier
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2021
Subjects: extrême-droite
La Meute
Atalante
Storm Alliance
identitaire

description: Cette recherche propose une analyse comparative des discours idéologiques de trois mouvements politiques québécois, la Meute, la Storm Alliance et Atalante, sur la période allant de 2015 à 2019. Souvent qualifiés d’extrême droite par les médias, ces groupes tentent d’imposer dans le débat une conception du monde reposant sur le nationalisme, notamment à partir de thématiques axées sur le refus de l’immigration, la critique de l’islam ou encore la dénonciation de l’État et des élites mondialistes. Les données utilisées dans cette thèse afin de cerner le corpus doctrinaire de ces mouvements ont été récoltées à l’occasion de discours publics, lors de manifestations ou d’interventions publiées sur internet. L’analyse révèle une forte proximité idéologique entre les trois groupes, ceux-ci préconisant souvent des orientations similaires, bien qu’abordées et développées de manière distincte.
Reexamination of spin decoherence in semiconductor quantum dots from equation-of-motion approach
Creators: name: Jiang, J. H.
name: Wang, Y. Y.
name: Wu, M. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The longitudinal and transversal spin decoherence times, $T_1$ and $T_2$, in semiconductor quantum dots are investigated from equation-of-motion approach for different magnetic fields, quantum dot sizes, and temperatures. Various mechanisms, such as the hyperfine interaction with the surrounding nuclei, the Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling together with the electron--bulk-phonon interaction, the $g$-factor fluctuations, the direct spin-phonon coupling due to the phonon-induced strain, and the coaction of the electron--bulk/surface-phonon interaction together with the hyperfine interaction are included. The relative contributions from these spin decoherence mechanisms are compared in detail. In our calculation, the spin-orbit coupling is included in each mechanism and is shown to have marked effect in most cases. The equation-of-motion approach is applied in studying both the spin relaxation time $T_1$ and the spin dephasing time $T_2$, either in Markovian or in non-Markovian limit. When many levels are involved at finite temperature, we demonstrate how to obtain the spin relaxation time from the Fermi Golden rule in the limit of weak spin-orbit coupling. However, at high temperature and/or for large spin-orbit coupling, one has to use the equation-of-motion approach when many levels are involved. Moreover, spin dephasing can be much more efficient than spin relaxation at high temperature, though the two only differs by a factor of two at low temperature.
description: 20 pages, 13 figures, to be published in PRB
VP2-03: Magnetization Process of Antiferromagnetic Quantum Spin Chain with the Biquadratic Exchange Interaction
Creators: Toru Sakai
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2023

Fundamental Properties and Cooperative Phenomena (Virtual)
The quantum spin chains exhibit various interesting phenomena in the magnetization process, for exmaple, the magnetization jump, plateau, and spin nematic liquid etc. The density matrix renormalization group analysis of the S=1 antiferromagnetic chain with the biquadratic exchange interaction indicated that the spin nematic liquid phase appears in the magnetization process[1]. It was also supported by the numerical diagonalization and the conformal field theory analysis[2,3]. In the present work, the magnetization processes of the S=3/2 and S=2 antiferromagnetic chains with the biquadratic exchange interaction are investigated using the numerical diagonalization of finite-size clusters. It is found that the magnetization jump appears just before the saturation magnetization, as well as the classical spin system. This behavior is different from the S=1 chain. In addition it is indicated that the magnetization process where each magnetization step is 2S appears for sufficiently large biquadratic interaction. Namely the three-magnon and four-magnon bound states are realized for the S=3/2 and S=2 chains, respectively. In the case of the S=1 chain, the spin nematic liquid phase appears in the two-magnon bound state. Thus in general it can be predicted that the 2S-magnon bound state would be induced by the biquadratic exchange interaction in the magnetization process of the spin-S antiferromagnetic chain. The phase diagrams with respect to the biquadratic interaction and the magnetization are also presented for S=3/2 and S=2 antiferromagnetic chains.References: [1]S. R. Manmana, A. M. Lauchli, F. H. L. Essler and F. Mila, Phys. Rev. B 83, 184433 (2011). [2]T. Sakai, AIP Advances 11, 015306 (2021). [3]T. Sakai, H. Nakano, R. Furuchi and K. Okamoto, J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 2164, 012030 (2020).
Charged strange star with Krori-Barua potential in $f(R,T)$ gravity admitting Chaplygin equation of state
Creators: name: Bhar, Piyali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In present paper a new compact star model in f(R,T) gravity is obtained where R and T denote the Ricci scalar and the trace of energy-momentum tensor $T_{μν}$ respectively. To develop the model we consider the spherically symmetric space-time along with anisotropic fluid distribution in presence of electric field with $f(R,T) = R + 2γT$ where $γ$ is a small positive constant. We have used the Chaplygin equation of state to explore the stellar model. The field equations for $f(R,T)$ gravity have been solved by employing the Krori-Barua ansatz already reported in literature [J. Phys. A, Math. Gen. 8:508, 1975]. The exterior spacetime is described by Reissner-Nordstrom line element for smooth matching at the boundary. It is worthwhile to mention here that the values of all the constants involved with this model have been calculated for the strange stars 4U 1538-52 for different values of γ with the help of matching conditions. The acceptability of the model is discussed in details both analytically and graphically by studying the physical attributes of matter density, pressures, anisotropy factor, stability etc. We have also obtained the numerical values in tabular form for central density, surface density, central pressure and central adiabatic index for different values of $γ$. The solutions of the field equations in Einstein gravity can be regained by simply putting $γ= 0$ to our solution. Moreover, the proposed model is shown to be physically admissible and corroborate with experimental observations on strange star candidates such as 4U 1538-52.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2105.12572
Advanced Research Directions on AI for Science, Energy, and Security
Creators: Various
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2023

CIS Government
The DOE national laboratories organized a series of workshops in 2022 to gather input on new and rapidly emerging opportunities and challenges of scientific AI. This 2023 report is a synthesis of those workshops. The scientific community believes AI can have a foundational impact on a broad range of DOE missions, including science, energy, and national security.
VP6-01: Magnetic Tunnel Junction Micropillar with Magnetic Flux Concentrators for High-Sensitivity Magnetometers
Creators: Denis Tonini
Onri Jay Benally
Yu-Chia Chen
Brandon Zink
Shuang Liang
Vinit Chugh
Junyang Chen
Renata Saha
Qi Jia
Kai Wu
Jian-Ping Wang
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2023

Magnetic Sensors and High Frequency Devices (Virtual)
This study focuses on characterizing the properties of circular magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) micropillars. These micropillars were subjected to various current densities and external magnetic flux concentrators (MFCs) to determine the optimal sensitivity under a DC bias field, as represented in Fig. 1(a). The MTJ stacks in this study consist of: Ru (5)/Ta (5)/CoFeB (3)/MgO (2.5)/CoFeB (3)/Ru (0.85)/CoFe (2.5)/IrMn (10)/NiFe (5)/Ta (5)/Ru (10)/Ta (5). Numbers in parentheses are nominal thickness of the individual layers, in nanometer (nm). For individual circular micropillars with a diameter of approximately 9.3 µm, we achieved a tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) ratio of 183% (Rmin~6.4 kΩ, Rmax~18.2 kΩ), a maximum sensitivity of 300-350 %/Oe around 0 Oe bias field suitable for high-sensitivity magnetometers, as shown in Fig. 1(b). This was accomplished using 0.1-0.15 mm thick external MFCs made of soft magnetic alloy Co69Fe4Mo4Nb1Si16B7, placed 300 µm from the micropillar, as illustrated in Fig. 1(c)-(i). The MTJs represented in Fig. 1(c)-(ii) were annealed at 325 Celsius under a magnetic field of 0.5 T for 2 hours to fix the pinned layer (CoFe). In the future, we will investigate the impact of the relative orientation of the MFCs to the external magnetic field direction. The Co69Fe4Mo4Nb1Si16B7 for MFCs is replaced with MuMetal in an aim to achieve a higher TMR ratio and sensitivity. To assess the TMR behavior of the assembled devices combined with MFCs, the hysteresis loops are collected under an external field of -100 Oe to 100 Oe. The devices are wirebonded with gold microwires to a PCB for testing purposes, as shown in Fig. 1(c)-(iii). Furthermore, we will study the RH responses of MTJ devices under different current densities and compare the results with existing literature 1,2.References: [1] G. He, Y. Zhang, L. Qian, G. Xiao, Q. Zhang, J.C. Santamarina, T.W. Patzek, and X. Zhang, “PicoTesla magnetic tunneling junction sensors integrated with double staged magnetic flux concentrators,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 113(24), 242401 (2018). [2] M. Oogane, K. Fujiwara, A. Kanno, T. Nakano, H. Wagatsuma, T. Arimoto, S. Mizukami, S. Kumagai, H. Matsuzaki, N. Nakasato, and Y. Ando, “Sub-pT magnetic field detection by tunnel magneto-resistive sensors,” Appl. Phys. Express 14(12), 123002 (2021).
Fotografien von Elsa Mahler
Creators: name: [S.N.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1960
Subjects: Mahler, Elsa1882-1970

description: Es handelt sich um 5 Porträtaufnahmen von Elsa Mahler aus den Jahren 1960-1970. Der Fotograf ist auf einem Bild mit "Naukš" angegeben (russische Beschriftung), die anderen Bilder sind nicht beschriftet.
description: von Naukš bzw. unbekannten Fotografen
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Dezember 2016 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Andrietta Wahl
description: Konservierung=Preservation=Conservation Dezember 2016 Verpackung in archivgerechte Fototaschen Andrietta Wahl
Additional file 2 of Inhaled corticosteroids use in childhood respiratory diseases: an italian survey on pediatricians’ prescription habits
Creators: name: Cerimoniale, Giovanni
name: Becherucci, Paolo
name: Verga, Maria Carmen
name: Mauro, Giuseppe Di
name: Indinnimeo, Luciana
name: Villani, Alberto
name: Tosca, Mariangela
name: Marseglia, Gian Luigi
name: Duse, Marzia
name: Biasci, Paolo
name: Doria, Mattia
name: Peroni, Diego
name: Piacentini, Giorgio
name: Cicco, Maria Di
name: Pozzobon, Gabriella
name: Lubrano, Riccardo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: STROBE Statement—Checklist of items that should be included in reports of cross-sectional studies
Eccentricity fluctuations from the Color Glass Condensate at RHIC and LHC
Creators: name: Drescher, H. -J.
name: Nara, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this brief note, we determine the fluctuations of the initial eccentricity in heavy-ion collisions caused by fluctuations of the nucleon configurations. This is done via a Monte-Carlo implementation of a Color Glass Condensate $k_t$-factorization approach. The eccentricity fluctuations are found to nearly saturate elliptic flow fluctuations measured recently at RHIC. Extrapolations to LHC energies are shown.
description: 2 pages, 2 figures
Reliability of Power Electronics in Photovoltaic systems: Design and Control Solutions-Slides
Creators: Ariya Sangwongwanich
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2023

PELS Webinar Slides

Abstract: Power electronics are essential for power conversion of Photovoltaic (PV) systems. In that regard, the reliability of power electronics systems strongly affects the availability and consequently the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) of PV energy. According to field experience, the power electronics systems (e.g., PV inverter) are among the most fragile parts in PV systems that contribute to a majority of system downtime. With the demand to further reduce the cost of PV energy, the reliability of power electronics in PV systems needs to be improved to reduce the (unexpected) failure in field operation. This calls for a better design methodology as well as a proper control strategy. This presentation aims to address the reliability challenge and solution for power electronics in PV applications. It will start with identifying key components and their stress parameters in the PV inverter. Then, an approach to analyze the reliability of power electronics in PV applications will be introduced and demonstrated with a practical example of microinverters from industry application. Moreover, emerging control solutions to further enhance the reliability performance of the power electronics in PV applications will be demonstrated in this presentation. This webinar is sponsored by the IEEE Power Electronics Society Technical Committee on Sustainable Energy Systems. For more information visit: https://www.ieee-pels.org/education/pels-webinars
EC-06: Giant Magneto-Impedance Effect in Core-Shell CoP@Cu Microwires in a Wide Range of Frequencies
Creators: C. Iglesias
J. Marques de Lima
E. Padrón-Hernández
J. P. Sinnecker
S. M. Rezende and F. L. A. Machado
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2023

Soft Magnetic Materials II: Amorphous and Nanocrystalline Materials
The penetration depth in high magnetic permeability metallic materials drives the ac electrical current to the surface of the conductor even for moderate values of frequencies (f). This phenomenon is strongly dependent on f and yields values for the magneto-impedance that can vary over one order of magnitude by changing the applied magnetic field (H) by few Oersteds only. This phenomenon was named giant magneto-impedance (GMI) and the domain wall (DW) dynamics and the ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) were found to be the main sources for the f-dependence of the GMI. In this work, the longitudinal (H parallel to the length of the wire) GMI was investigated in 18.9 mm long core-shell structured micro-wires made of thin copper wires (core) and electrodeposited CoP alloys (shell) at room temperature. The measurements were carried out using strip-line waveguides for f varying from 1 MHz up to 9 GHz. Values of GMI of about 100 % were observed for frequencies close to 30 MHz. Moreover, at the microwave regime the FMR yielded resonance parameters that were nicely fit to the Kittel's formula currently used for thin slabs yielding for the CoP alloy a saturation magnetization of 1007 emu/cm3. The magnetic shell can be mapped into a thin slab in the present case because the ratio of the diameter of the core (~ 190 µm) to the thicknesses (2 - 5 µm) of the shell is significantly high (> 40) while the magnetization is oriented along the micro-wire. The crossing over from the DW to the FMR regime was found to be around 50 MHz. Above this frequency the FMR starts to play a major rule yielding splits in the GMI spectra that increase for increasing values of f . The splittings were also found to be highly influenced by the anisotropy field and by the demagnetizing field. A phenomenological model that accounts for the overall response of the GMI with f as well as the observed split is also presented. The CoP alloys were found to be stable for over two decades and as good candidates for applications in devices required to cover a broad range of frequencies as well as in 5G technologies and as microwave absorbers. This work was partially supported by CNPq, CAPES, FACEPE and FINEP (Brazilian Agencies).
Construction of initial data for 3+1 numerical relativity
Creators: name: Gourgoulhon, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This lecture is devoted to the problem of computing initial data for the Cauchy problem of 3+1 general relativity. The main task is to solve the constraint equations. The conformal technique, introduced by Lichnerowicz and enhanced by York, is presented. Two standard methods, the conformal transverse-traceless one and the conformal thin sandwich, are discussed and illustrated by some simple examples. Finally a short review regarding initial data for binary systems (black holes and neutron stars) is given.
description: Minor modifications, updated references, 28 pages, 5 figures, contribution to the Proceedings of the VII Mexican School on Gravitation and Mathematical Physics, held in Playa del Carmen, Mexico (Nov. 26 - Dec. 2, 2006), Journal of Physics: Conference Series, in press