cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Advances in InGaAs/InP single-photon detector systems for quantum communication
Creators: name: Zhang, Jun
name: Itzler, Mark A.
name: Zbinden, Hugo
name: Pan, Jian-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single-photon detectors (SPDs) are the most sensitive instruments for light detection. In the near-infrared range, SPDs based on III-V compound semiconductor avalanche photodiodes have been extensively used during the past two decades for diverse applications due to their advantages in practicality including small size, low cost and easy operation. In the past decade, the rapid developments and increasing demands in quantum information science have served as key drivers to improve the device performance of single-photon avalanche diodes and to invent new avalanche quenching techniques. This Review aims to introduce the technology advances of InGaAs/InP single-photon detector systems in the telecom wavelengths and the relevant quantum communication applications, and particularly to highlight recent emerging techniques such as high-frequency gating at GHz rates and free-running operation using negative-feedback avalanche diodes. Future perspectives of both the devices and quenching techniques are summarized.
description: Invited review article. 31 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication in Light: Science & Applications
title: The literary unconscious: rereading authorship and copyright with Kant's ‘on the wrongfulness of reprinting’ (1785)
Creators: name: Goh, Benjamin
Publisher: name: London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
Year: 2022

description: This thesis undertakes an extended rereading of Immanuel Kant’s 1785 periodical essay, Von der Unrechtmäßigkeit des Büchernachdrucks (‘On the Wrongfulness of Reprinting’), that attends closely to the transactions between its material form and rhetorical content. In so doing, this thesis supplements recent attempts in Kantian copyright scholarship to rethink the institution of copyright and its relationship with authors, works, and the public through recourse to the essay’s non-proprietary concept of the book and proposed regime of authors’ and publishers’ rights. Though the law of copyright qua intellectual property pertains to this thesis as a hegemonic institutional form that has enshrined the myth of the proprietary author, it is rather the question of authorship, namely, our cultural and legal understandings of who and what an author is; how the author relates to the book and the realities of literary production; and how such received notions interact with the materiality of the book; that most concerns this thesis. It contributes to accrued cross-disciplinary efforts to so reread the past(s) and present(s) of the author-function as to foreground not just its legal structures of implementation, but also its medial-material matrices. From this perspective, the materialities of authorship, particularly the visual-corporeality of the printed book and its surrounding practices in late-eighteenth-century Germany, hold the key to disclosing the limits of contemporary copyright law, which remains attached to the figure of the author as creator, and first owner, of the literary work even as it is seemingly threatened by such digital practices as the mass digitisation of books. To begin to grasp how our received understandings of authorship and copyright might, and perhaps should, change in digital culture, we revisit a late-eighteenth-century text that indexed its own share of complex interactions between literary actors and technologies no less affected by evolving conditions of literary (re)production. In so moving between these two times of authorship, that in the German Enlightenment and that in contemporary copyright regimes, we engage in a shared practice of so rereading Kant’s text and the historical event in which he participated as to better understand and negotiate our present uncertainties.
title: Evolution of outpatient healthcare expenditure due to ageing in 2030, a dynamic micro-simulation model for France (LIEPP Working Paper, n°28)
titleType: Other
Creators: name: Geay, Charlotte
name: De Lagasnerie, Grégoire
name: Larguem, Makram
Publisher: name: Sciences Po - LIEPP
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: FOS: Social sciences
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: Population ageing will be a major challenge in Europe in the coming decades. This phenomenon will raise the question of the sustainability of public spending with increasing healthcare provision costs. This paper presents a dynamic micro-simulation model for outpatient healthcare expenditure in France, which projects healthcare costs in the long run. Like all the dynamic micro-simulation models, the model projects the population structure over time. The projections are run using a transition process between three states: two non-absorbing (good-health or ill-health) and one absorbing state (death). The outpatient healthcare expenditure is estimated on data between 2002 and 2008 through a two-part model. While healthcare spending of 25 years old and more represent 3.9% of GDP in 2008, they would reach 4.6% in the baseline scenario in 2032 (+0.7 percentage point of GDP or +17.5%). A difference in the share of expenditure in GDP appears between scenarios with different evolutions of health status during the projection period. Outpatient healthcare spending represents 4.6% of GDP in the central scenario in 2032, against 4.4 % in the most optimistic scenario and 4.7% in a pessimistic scenario.
Induced endometritis in early lactation compromises production and reproduction in dairy cows
Creators: name: P. Santos, José Eduardo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Animal reproduction and breeding

description: The supplemental file attached refers to data from a published manuscript that studied the effects of inducing endometrial inflammation on reproduction in dairy cows.
 The manuscript is published in the Journal of Dairy Science in 2023 and the link is the following: https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2022-22846

 The supplemental file includes figures that depict the results of flow cytometry, the description of the primers used for the PCR assays, production responses of cows, delta cycle thresholds for transcript expression, and the concentrations of leukocytes in blood and milk in cows.
Generalized multifractality at metal-insulator transitions and in metallic phases of 2D disordered systems
Creators: name: Karcher, Jonas F.
name: Gruzberg, Ilya A.
name: Mirlin, Alexander D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study generalized multifractality characterizing fluctuations and correlations of eigenstates in disordered systems of symmetry classes AII, D, and DIII. Both metallic phases and Andersonlocalization transitions are considered. By using the non-linear sigma-model approach, we construct pure-scaling eigenfunction observables. The construction is verified by numerical simulations of appropriate microscopic models, which also yield numerical values of the corresponding exponents. In the metallic phases, the numerically obtained exponents satisfy Weyl symmetry relations as well as generalized parabolicity (proportionality to eigenvalues of the quadratic Casimir operator). At the same time, the generalized parabolicity is strongly violated at critical points of metal-insulator transitions, signalling violation of local conformal invariance. Moreover, in classes D and DIII, even the Weyl symmetry breaks down at critical points of metal-insulator transitions. This last feature is related with a peculiarity of the sigma-model manifolds in these symmetry classes: they consist of two disjoint components. Domain walls associated with these additional degrees of freedom are crucial for ensuring Anderson localization and, at the same time, lead to the violation of the Weyl symmetry.
description: 36 pages, 14 figures
Moroccan's Regional Identity
Creators: name: Griffin, Caleb
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: In this project, I will seek to understand what region of the world Moroccans identify with, how strongly they feel that identity, and what that identity means. This will be ascertained through the use of in-person interviews and focus groups where I ask them these questions, as well as through an online map-drawing activity.
השפעת סטיגמה מגדרית וקונטקסט הבכי על אמפתיה נשית לבכי של גברים
Creators: name: Golik, Romi
name: Almog Korkos
name: Shwartz, Noam
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Life Sciences

description: זוהי הרשמה מראש עבור המחקר שלנו, במסגרת קורס פסיכולוגיה ניסויית
title: The Changing Role of Government in Financing Health Care: An International Perspective (LIEPP Working Paper, n°26)
Creators: name: Stabile, Mark
name: Thomson, Sarah
Publisher: name: Sciences Po - LIEPP
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: FOS: Social sciences
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: This paper explores the changing role of government involvement in health care financing policy outside the United States. It provides a review of the economics literature in this area to understand the implications of recent policy changes on efficiency, costs and quality. Our review reveals that there has been some convergence in policies adopted across countries to improve financing incentives and encourage efficient use of health services. In the case of risk pooling, all countries with competing pools experience similar difficulties with selection and are adopting more sophisticated forms of risk adjustment. In the case of hospital competition, the key drivers of success appear to be what is competed on and measurable rather than whether the system is public or private. In the case of both the success of performance-related pay for providers and issues resulting from wait times, evidence differs both within and across jurisdictions. However, the evidence does suggest that some governments have effectively reduced wait times when they have chosen explicitly to focus on achieving this goal. Many countries are exploring new ways of generating revenues for health care to enable them to cope with significant cost growth. However, there is little evidence to suggest that collection mechanisms alone are effective in managing the cost or quality of care.
Globally-Optimal Event Camera Motion Estimation
Creators: name: Peng, Xin
name: Wang, Yifu
name: Gao, Ling
name: Kneip, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Event cameras are bio-inspired sensors that perform well in HDR conditions and have high temporal resolution. However, different from traditional frame-based cameras, event cameras measure asynchronous pixel-level brightness changes and return them in a highly discretised format, hence new algorithms are needed. The present paper looks at fronto-parallel motion estimation of an event camera. The flow of the events is modeled by a general homographic warping in a space-time volume, and the objective is formulated as a maximisation of contrast within the image of unwarped events. However, in stark contrast to prior art, we derive a globally optimal solution to this generally non-convex problem, and thus remove the dependency on a good initial guess. Our algorithm relies on branch-and-bound optimisation for which we derive novel, recursive upper and lower bounds for six different contrast estimation functions. The practical validity of our approach is supported by a highly successful application to AGV motion estimation with a downward facing event camera, a challenging scenario in which the sensor experiences fronto-parallel motion in front of noisy, fast moving textures.
Gene expression networks involved in multiple cellular programs coexist in individual hepatocellular cancer cells
Creators: name: 赵今
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2023
Subjects: Raw sequence reads
Multiisolate
Medical

description: The gene expression networks of a single cell can be used to reveal cell type- and condition-specific patterns that account for cell states, cell identity, and its responses to environmental changes. We applied single cell sequencing datasets to define mRNA patterns and visualized potential cellular capacities among hepatocellular cancer cells. The expressing numbers and levels of genes were highly heterogenous among the cancer cells. The cellular characteristics were dependent strongly on the expressing numbers and levels of genes, especially oncogenes and anti-oncogenes, in an individual cancer cell. The transcriptional activations of oncogenes and anti-oncogenes were strongly linked to inherent multiple cellular programs, some of which oppose and contend against other processes, in a cancer cell. The gene expression networks of multiple cellular programs including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, autophagy, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, ATP production, and neurogenesis coexisted in an individual cancer cell. The findings give rise a hypothesis that a cancer cell expresses balanced combinations of genes and undergoes a given biological process by rapidly transmuting gene expressing networks.
Electron-photon coupling in Mesoscopic Quantum Electrodynamics
Creators: name: Cottet, Audrey
name: Kontos, Takis
name: Douçot, Benoit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the interaction between cavity photons and electronic nanocircuits is crucial for the development of Mesoscopic Quantum Electrodynamics (QED). One has to combine ingredients from atomic Cavity QED, like orbital degrees of freedom, with tunneling physics and strong cavity field inhomogeneities, specific to superconducting circuit QED. It is therefore necessary to introduce a formalism which bridges between these two domains. We develop a general method based on a photonic pseudo-potential to describe the electric coupling between electrons in a nanocircuit and cavity photons. In this picture, photons can induce simultaneously orbital energy shifts, tunneling, and local orbital transitions. We study in details the elementary example of a single quantum dot with a single normal metal reservoir, coupled to a cavity. Photon-induced tunneling terms lead to a non-universal relation between the cavity frequency pull and the damping pull. Our formalism can also be applied to multi quantum dot circuits, molecular circuits, quantum point contacts, metallic tunnel junctions, and superconducting nanostructures enclosing Andreev bound states or Majorana bound states, for instance.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
Laser-induced scanning transfer deposition of silver electrodes on glass surfaces: A green and scalable technology
Creators: name: Molina, R.
name: Ertuğrul, M.
name: Larrea, Á.
name: Navarro, R.
name: Rico, V.
name: Yubero, F.
name: González-Elipe, A.R.
name: de la Fuente, G.F.
name: Angurel, L.A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other chemical sciences not elsewhere classified

description: A pulsed laser ablation backwriting technique with high repetitive rates is implemented for the fabrication of silver coatings on glass surfaces. This method enables geometrical constraint-free deposition of metallic coatings. These exhibit sufficiently low electrical resistance to be used as electrodes in dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma elements. Ambient air deposition of metallic silver electrodes on standard glass slides is explored using a sub-ns UV laser source, combined with hybrid beam scanning methods. The green nature of the overall deposition process includes a preliminary irradiation scan to homogenise the target surface before the subsequent backwriting step. Metal transfer is achieved by combining two phenomena within a simple beam scanning process: LIRT (laser-induced reverse transfer) of silver from the target to the glass, with a partial and secondary LIFT (Laser-Induced Forward Transfer) of silver from the glass to the target. Appropriate selection of pulse energy and pulse repetition rates, beam scanning velocities and target motion enable the growth of sufficiently thick Ag deposits on glass with the required low electrical resistivity and nearly 2D constraint-free geometry. This method avoids the use of vacuum and liquids, resulting in a cheap, facile and green methodology for the deposition of silver electrodes onto transparent substrate surfaces.
Effective behavior of nematic elastomer membranes
Creators: name: Cesana, Pierluigi
name: Plucinsky, Paul
name: Bhattacharya, Kaushik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We derive the effective energy density of thin membranes of liquid crystal elastomers as the Gamma-limit of a widely used bulk model. These membranes can display fine-scale features both due to wrinkling that one expects in thin elastic membranes and due to oscillations in the nematic director that one expects in liquid crystal elastomers. We provide an explicit characterization of the effective energy density of membranes and the effective state of stress as a function of the planar deformation gradient. We also provide a characterization of the fine-scale features. We show the existence of four regimes: one where wrinkling and microstructure reduces the effective membrane energy and stress to zero, a second where wrinkling leads to uniaxial tension, a third where nematic oscillations lead to equi-biaxial tension and a fourth with no fine scale features and biaxial tension. Importantly, we find a region where one has shear strain but no shear stress and all the fine-scale features are in-plane with no wrinkling.
Numerical simulation of super-square patterns in Faraday waves
Creators: name: Kahouadji, L.
name: Périnet, N.
name: Tuckerman, L. S.
name: Shin, S.
name: Chergui, J.
name: Juric, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first simulations of the Faraday instability using the full three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations in domains much larger than the characteristic wavelength of the pattern. We use a massively parallel code based on a hybrid Front-Tracking/Level-set algorithm for Lagrangian tracking of arbitrarily deformable phase interfaces. Simulations performed in rectangular and cylindrical domains yield complex patterns. In particular, a superlattice-like pattern similar to those of [Douady & Fauve, Europhys. Lett. 6, 221-226 (1988); Douady, J. Fluid Mech. 221, 383-409 (1990)] is observed. The pattern consists of the superposition of two square superlattices. We conjecture that such patterns are widespread if the square container is large compared to the critical wavelength. In the cylinder, pentagonal cells near the outer wall allow a square-wave pattern to be accommodated in the center.
title: Metodi, applicazioni, tecnologie. Colloqui del dottorato di ricerca in Storia, Disegno e Restauro dell’Architettura
Creators: name: Carannante, Arianna
name: Lucchetti, Simone
name: Sofia Menconero, Sofia Menconero
name: Ponzetta, Alessandra
Publisher: name: Sapienza Università Editrice
Year: 2022

description: Il volume costituisce l’esito di una giornata di studi, tenutasi a dicembre 2020, che ha favorito il confronto e l’integrazione fra i dottorandi dei tre settori disciplinari da cui è composto il Dottorato di Ricerca in Storia, Disegno e Restauro dell’Architettura dell’omonimo Dipartimento di Sapienza Università di Roma. Sono presenti contributi di: C. Bianchini, B. Calosso, F. Camagni, A. Carannante, G. Carbonara, N. Chami, E. Chiavoni, S. Cigognetti, S. Colaceci, R. D’Alessandro, G. De Pascalis, M. Docci, E. Fidenzi, A. M. Giugliano, S. Lucchetti, S. Menconero, A. Metin, T. Pedone, A. Ponzetta, G. Potestà, R. Ragione, R. Ravesi, F. Rebecchini, A. Schiavo, S. Seller, G. Tarei.
Non-iterative Coarse-to-fine Registration based on Single-pass Deep Cumulative Learning
Creators: name: Meng, Mingyuan
name: Bi, Lei
name: Feng, Dagan
name: Kim, Jinman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deformable image registration is a crucial step in medical image analysis for finding a non-linear spatial transformation between a pair of fixed and moving images. Deep registration methods based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have been widely used as they can perform image registration in a fast and end-to-end manner. However, these methods usually have limited performance for image pairs with large deformations. Recently, iterative deep registration methods have been used to alleviate this limitation, where the transformations are iteratively learned in a coarse-to-fine manner. However, iterative methods inevitably prolong the registration runtime, and tend to learn separate image features for each iteration, which hinders the features from being leveraged to facilitate the registration at later iterations. In this study, we propose a Non-Iterative Coarse-to-finE registration Network (NICE-Net) for deformable image registration. In the NICE-Net, we propose: (i) a Single-pass Deep Cumulative Learning (SDCL) decoder that can cumulatively learn coarse-to-fine transformations within a single pass (iteration) of the network, and (ii) a Selectively-propagated Feature Learning (SFL) encoder that can learn common image features for the whole coarse-to-fine registration process and selectively propagate the features as needed. Extensive experiments on six public datasets of 3D brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) show that our proposed NICE-Net can outperform state-of-the-art iterative deep registration methods while only requiring similar runtime to non-iterative methods.
description: Accepted at International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI 2022)
Reflecting on Recurring Failures in IoT Development
Creators: name: Anandayuvaraj, Dharun
name: Davis, James C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As IoT systems are given more responsibility and autonomy, they offer greater benefits, but also carry greater risks. We believe this trend invigorates an old challenge of software engineering: how to develop high-risk software-intensive systems safely and securely under market pressures? As a first step, we conducted a systematic analysis of recent IoT failures to identify engineering challenges. We collected and analyzed 22 news reports and studied the sources, impacts, and repair strategies of failures in IoT systems. We observed failure trends both within and across application domains. We also observed that failure themes have persisted over time. To alleviate these trends, we outline a research agenda toward a Failure-Aware Software Development Life Cycle for IoT development. We propose an encyclopedia of failures and an empirical basis for system postmortems, complemented by appropriate automated tools.
description: Accepted at the New Ideas and Emerging Results Track (NIER) at The 37th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE 2022)
Exciton fine structure splitting and linearly polarized emission in strained transition-metal dichalcogenide monolayers
Creators: name: Glazov, M. M.
name: Dirnberger, Florian
name: Menon, Vinod M.
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Bougeard, Dominique
name: Ziegler, Jonas D.
name: Chernikov, Alexey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically effects of an anisotropic elastic strain on the exciton energy spectrum fine structure and optical selection rules in atom-thin crystals based on transition-metal dichalcogenides. The presence of strain breaks the chiral selection rules at the $\bm K$-points of the Brillouin zone and makes optical transitions linearly polarized. The orientation of the induced linear polarization is related to the main axes of the strain tensor. Elastic strain provides an additive contribution to the exciton fine structure splitting in agreement with experimental evidence obtained from uniaxially strained WSe$_2$ monolayer. The applied strain also induces momentum-dependent Zeeman splitting. Depending on the strain orientation and magnitude, Dirac points with a linear dispersion can be formed in the exciton energy spectrum. We provide a symmetry analysis of the strain effects and develop a microscopic theory for all relevant strain-induced contributions to the exciton fine structure Hamiltonian.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
The Majorana Demonstrator: A Search for Neutrinoless Double-beta Decay of 76Ge
Creators: name: Majorana Collaboration
name: Xu, W.
name: Abgrall, N.
name: Avignone, F. T.
name: Barabash, A. S.
name: Bertrand, F. E.
name: Brudanin, V.
name: Busch, M.
name: Buuck, M.
name: Byram, D.
name: Caldwell, A. S.
name: Chan, Y-D.
name: Christofferson, C. D.
name: Cuesta, C.
name: Detwiler, J. A.
name: Efremenko, Yu.
name: Ejiri, H.
name: Elliott, S. R.
name: Galindo-Uribarri, A.
name: Giovanetti, G. K.
name: Goett, J.
name: Green, M. P.
name: Gruszko, J.
name: Guinn, I.
name: Guiseppe, V. E.
name: Henning, R.
name: Hoppe, E. W.
name: Howard, S.
name: Howe, M. A.
name: Jasinski, B. R.
name: Keeter, K. J.
name: Kidd, M. F.
name: Konovalov, S. I.
name: Kouzes, R. T.
name: LaFerriere, B. D.
name: Leon, J.
name: MacMullin, J.
name: Martin, R. D.
name: Meijer, S. J.
name: Mertens, S.
name: Orrell, J. L.
name: O'Shaughnessy, C.
name: Overman, N. R.
name: Poon, A. W. P.
name: Radford, D. C.
name: Rager, J.
name: Rielage, K.
name: Robertson, R. G. H.
name: Romero-Romero, E.
name: Ronquest, M. C.
name: Shanks, B.
name: Shirchenko, M.
name: Snyder, N.
name: Suriano, A. M.
name: Tedeschi, D.
name: Trimble, J. E.
name: Varner, R. L.
name: Vasilyev, S.
name: Vetter, K.
name: Vorren, K.
name: White, B. R.
name: Wilkerson, J. F.
name: Wiseman, C.
name: Yakushev, E.
name: Yu, C-H.
name: Yumatov, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutrinoless double-beta decay is a hypothesized process where in some even-even nuclei it might be possible for two neutrons to simultaneously decay into two protons and two electrons without emitting neutrinos. This is possible only if neutrinos are Majorana particles, i.e. fermions that are their own antiparticles. Neutrinos being Majorana particles would explicitly violate lepton number conservation, and might play a role in the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe. The observation of neutrinoless double-beta decay would also provide complementary information related to neutrino masses. The Majorana Collaboration is constructing the Majorana Demonstrator, a 40-kg modular germanium detector array, to search for the Neutrinoless double-beta decay of 76Ge and to demonstrate a background rate at or below 3 counts/(ROI-t-y) in the 4 keV region of interest (ROI) around the 2039 keV Q-value for 76Ge Neutrinoless double-beta decay. In this paper, we discuss the physics of neutrinoless double beta decay and then focus on the Majorana Demonstrator, including its design and approach to achieve ultra-low backgrounds and the status of the experiment.
description: Published Version. 10 pages, 6 figures, proceedings for the 2nd Workshop on Germanium Detectors and Technologies, 14-17 September 2014, at the University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD
Pattern avoiding alternating involutions
Creators: name: Barnabei, Marilena
name: Bonetti, Flavio
name: Castronuovo, Niccolò
name: Silimbani, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A05, 05A15, 05A19

description: We enumerate and characterize some classes of alternating and reverse alternating involutions avoiding a single pattern of length three or four. If on one hand the case of patterns of length three is trivial, on the other hand, the length four case is more challenging and involves sequences of combinatorial interest, such as Motzkin and Fibonacci numbers.
Turbulent magnetic helicity fluxes in solar convective zone
Creators: name: Kleeorin, N.
name: Rogachevskii, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Combined action of helical motions of plasma (the $α$ effect) and non-uniform (differential) rotation is a key dynamo mechanism of solar and galactic large-scale magnetic fields. Dynamics of magnetic helicity of small-scale fields is a crucial mechanism in a nonlinear dynamo saturation where turbulent magnetic helicity fluxes allow to avoid catastrophic quenching of the $α$ effect. The convective zone of the Sun and solar-like stars as well as galactic discs are the source for production of turbulent magnetic helicity fluxes. In the framework of the mean-field approach and the spectral $τ$ approximation, we derive turbulent magnetic helicity fluxes using the Coulomb gauge in a density-stratified turbulence. The turbulent magnetic helicity fluxes include non-gradient and gradient contributions. The non-gradient magnetic helicity flux is proportional to a nonlinear effective velocity (which vanishes in the absence of the density stratification) multiplied by small-scale magnetic helicity, while the gradient contributions describe turbulent magnetic diffusion of the small-scale magnetic helicity. In addition, the turbulent magnetic helicity fluxes contain source terms proportional to the kinetic $α$ effect or its gradients, and also contributions caused by the large-scale shear (solar differential rotation). We have demonstrated that the turbulent magnetic helicity fluxes due to the kinetic $α$ effect and its radial derivative in combination with the nonlinear magnetic diffusion of the small-scale magnetic helicity are dominant in the solar convective zone.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, revised
Atomic clocks highly sensitive to the variation of the fine structure constant based on Hf II, Hf IV, and W VI ions
Creators: name: Allehabi, Saleh O.
name: Dzuba, V. A.
name: Flambaum, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that several metastable excited states in Hf$~$II, Hf$~$IV and W$~$VI ions may be good clock states since they are sufficiently long-living and are not sensitive to the perturbations. Cooling E1 transitions are available. Energy levels, Landé $g$-factors, transition amplitudes for electric dipole (E1), electric quadrupole (E2), and magnetic dipole (M1) transitions, lifetimes, and electric quadrupole moments for Hf$~$II, Hf$~$IV, and W$~$VI ions are investigated using a combination of several methods of relativistic many-body calculations including the configuration interaction (CI), linearized coupled-cluster single-doubles (SD) and many-body perturbation theory (CI+SD), and also the configuration interaction with perturbation theory (CIPT). Scalar polarizabilities of the ground states and the clock states have been calculated to determine the black body radiation (BBR) shifts. We have found that the relative BBR shifts for these transitions range between 10$^{-16}$ $-$ 10$^{-18}$. A linear combination of two clock transition frequencies allows one to further suppress BBR. Several $5d$ - $6s$ single-electron clock transitions ensure high sensitivity of the transition frequencies to the variation of the fine structure constant $α$ and may be used to search for dark matter producing this variation of $α$. The enhancement coefficient for $α$ variation reaches $K=8.3$. Six stable isotopes of Hf and 5 stable isotopes in W allow one to make King plots and search for new interactions mediated by scalar particles or other mechanisms.
description: 9 pages
Kondo lattice and antiferromagnetic behavior in quaternary CeTAl$_4$Si$_2$ (T~=~Rh, Ir) single crystals
Creators: name: Maurya, Arvind
name: Kulkarni, R.
name: Thamizhavel, A.
name: Paudyal, D.
name: Dhar, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the synthesis and the magnetic properties of single crystalline CeRhAl$_4$Si$_2$ and CeIrAl$_4$Si$_2$ and their non magnetic La-analogs. The single crystals of these quaternary compounds were grown using Al-Si binary eutectic as flux. The anisotropic magnetic properties of the cerium compounds were explored in detail by means of magnetic susceptibility, isothermal magnetization, electrical resistivity, magnetoresistivity and heat capacity measurements. Both CeRhAl$_4$Si$_2$ and CeIrAl$_4$Si$_2$ undergo two antiferromagnetic transitions, first from the paramagnetic to an antiferromagnetic state at $T_{\rm N1}$~=~12.6~K and 15.5~K, followed by a second transition at lower temperatures $T_{\rm N2}$~=~9.4~K and 13.8~K, respectively. The paramagnetic susceptibility is highly anisotropic and its temperature dependence in the magnetically ordered state suggests the $c$-axis to be the relatively easy axis of magnetization. Concomitantly, isothermal magnetization at 2~K along the $c$-axis shows a sharp spin-flop transition accompanied by a sizeable hysteresis, while it varies nearly linearly with field along the [100] direction up to the highest field 14~T, of our measurement. The electrical resistivity provides evidence of the Kondo interaction in both compounds, inferred from its $-lnT$ behavior in the paramagnetic region. The heat capacity data confirm the bulk nature of the two magnetic transitions in each compound, and further confirm the presence of Kondo interaction by a reduced value of the entropy associated with the magnetic ordering. From the heat capacity data below 1~K, the coefficient of the linear term in the electronic heat capacity, $γ$, is inferred to be 195.6 and 49.4~mJ/mol K$^2$ in CeRhAl$_4$Si$_2$ and CeIrAl$_4$Si$_2$, respectively classifying these materials as moderate heavy fermion compounds.
description: 16 pages, 11 Figures
Center of Mass Energy of the Collision for Two General Geodesic Particles Around a Kerr-Newman-Taub-NUT Black Hole
Creators: name: Zakria, Ayesha
name: Jamil, Mubasher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the center of mass energy of the collision for two neutral particles with different rest masses falling freely from rest at infinity in the background of a Kerr-Newman-Taub-NUT black hole. Further, we discuss the center of mass energy near the horizon(s) of an extremal and non-extremal Kerr-Newman-Taub-NUT black hole and show that an arbitrarily high center of mass energy is achievable under some restrictions. We will study the special case of the center of mass energy when the specific energy, specific angular momentum and Carter constant of both the particles are same.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables, Accepted in JHEP
Inverse magnetic catalysis in holographic models of QCD
Creators: name: Mamo, Kiminad A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of magnetic field $B$ on the critical temperature $T_{c}$ of the confinement-deconfinement phase transition in hard-wall AdS/QCD, and holographic duals of flavored and unflavored $\mathcal{N}=4$ super-Yang Mills theories on $\mathbb{R}^3\times \rm S^1$. For all of the holographic models, we find that $T_{c}(B)$ decreases with increasing magnetic field $B\ll T^2$, consistent with the inverse magnetic catalysis recently observed in lattice QCD for $B\lesssim 1~GeV^2$. We also predict that, for large magnetic field $B\gg T^2$, the critical temperature $T_{c}(B)$, eventually, starts to increase with increasing magnetic field $B\gg T^2$ and asymptotes to a constant value.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures, an appendix (which discusses the large magnetic field case) added, references added; typo fixed, more footnotes added, accepted for publication in JHEP
The Beginnings of the Original Slovenian Narrative Tradition as Literature for Young and Adult Readers
Creators: name: Žejn, Andrejka
Publisher: name: libri liberorum
Year: 2023

description: The system of Slovenian narrative prose was initially mainly occupied with translated literature. The systematic differentiation of Slovenian literature from foreign language literature was encouraged by the Enlightenment ideas associated with the socio-political changes in the Austrian Empire at the turn of the 19th century. The first original Slovenian narrative prose, Sreča v nesreči (Fortune in Misfortune), appeared in 1836. In terms of content and concept, it is based on Biedermeier youth literature, while in the subtitle it specifically addresses “the young and the old”. As early as in the second half of the 19th century, Sreča v nesreči was categorised in the system of children’s and youth literature, but throughout the 20th century, Slovenian literary studies emphasised its originality and firmly positioned it in the system of literature for adults. These changes can be observed in the context of the changing view of the role of translation and the place of children’s and youth literature in the development of the (peripheral) national literature.
description: libri liberorum , libri liberorum (Jahrgang 24/ Heft 59/ 2023)
Axial-Vector Emitting Weak Nonleptonic Deacys of $Ω_c^0$ Baryon
Creators: name: Dhir, Rohit
name: Kim, C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The axial-vector emitting weak hadronic decays of $Ω_c^0$ baryon are investigated. After employing the factorization and the pole model framework to predict their branching ratios, we derive the symmetry breaking effects on axial-vector-meson-baryon couplings and effects of flavor dependence on baryon-baryon weak transition amplitudes and, consequently, on their branching ratios. We found that the W-exchange process contributions dominate $p$-wave meson emitting decays of $Ω_c^0$ baryon.
description: 23 pages, 5 tables, final version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Proximity spin-orbit coupling in graphene on alloyed transition metal dichalcogenides
Creators: name: Khatibi, Zahra
name: Power, Stephen R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The negligible intrinsic spin-orbit coupling (SOC) in graphene can be enhanced by proximity effects in stacked heterostructures of graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs). The composition of the TMDC layer plays a key role in determining the nature and strength of the resultant SOC induced in the graphene layer. Here, we study the evolution of the proximity-induced SOC as the TMDC layer is deliberately defected. Alloyed ${\rm G/W_χMo_{1-χ}Se_2}$ heterostructures with diverse compositions ($χ$) and defect distributions are simulated using density functional theory. Comparison with continuum and tight-binding models allows both local and global signatures of the metal-atom alloying to be clarified. Our findings show that, despite some dramatic perturbation of local parameters for individual defects, the low-energy spin and electronic behaviour follow a simple effective medium model which depends only on the composition ratio of the metallic species in the TMDC layer. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the topological state of such alloyed systems can be feasibly tuned by controlling this ratio.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
ODONTOLOGIA E COVID-19 NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE: uma revisão de escopo
Creators: name: Cigognini, Géssica
name: Zuge, Samuel
name: Junior, Sinval
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: #COVID-19 #Coronavírus #Odontologia #Odontólogo #Atenção Primária à Saúde

description: Um Protocolo de Revisão de Escopo que busca mapear as produções científicas acerca da COVID-19 e odontologia na APS
Solving the Traveling Salesperson Problem with Precedence Constraints by Deep Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Löwens, Christian
name: Ashraf, Inaam
name: Gembus, Alexander
name: Cuizon, Genesis
name: Falkner, Jonas K.
name: Schmidt-Thieme, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This work presents solutions to the Traveling Salesperson Problem with precedence constraints (TSPPC) using Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) by adapting recent approaches that work well for regular TSPs. Common to these approaches is the use of graph models based on multi-head attention (MHA) layers. One idea for solving the pickup and delivery problem (PDP) is using heterogeneous attentions to embed the different possible roles each node can take. In this work, we generalize this concept of heterogeneous attentions to the TSPPC. Furthermore, we adapt recent ideas to sparsify attentions for better scalability. Overall, we contribute to the research community through the application and evaluation of recent DRL methods in solving the TSPPC.
description: This preprint has not undergone peer review or any post-submission improvements or corrections. The Version of Record of this contribution is published in KI 2022: Advances in Artificial Intelligence, and is available online at https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15791-2_14
The Combinatorics of Associated Laguerre Polynomials
Creators: name: Kim, Jang Soo
name: Stanton, Dennis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A19

description: The explicit double sum for the associated Laguerre polynomials is derived combinatorially. The moments are described using certain statistics on permutations and permutation tableaux. Another derivation of the double sum is provided using only the moment generating function.
Confinement of spin-orbit induced Dirac states in quantum point contacts
Creators: name: Li, Tommy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum transmission problem for a particle moving in a quantum point contact in the presence of a Rashba spin-orbit interaction and applied magnetic field is solved semiclassically. A strong Rashba interaction and parallel magnetic field form emergent Dirac states at the center of the constriction, leading to the appearance of resonances which carry spin current and become bound at high magnetic fields. These states can be controlled in situ by modulation of external electric and magnetic fields, and can be used to turn the channel into a spin pump which operates at zero bias. It is shown that this effect is currently experimentally accessible in $p$-type quantum point contacts.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Digital Speech Algorithms for Speaker De-Identification
Creators: name: Marinozzi, Stefano
name: Faundez-Zanuy, Marcos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The present work is based on the COST Action IC1206 for De-identification in multimedia content. It was performed to test four algorithms of voice modifications on a speech gender recognizer to find the degree of modification of pitch when the speech recognizer have the probability of success equal to the probability of failure. The purpose of this analysis is to assess the intensity of the speech tone modification, the quality, the reversibility and not-reversibility of the changes made.
description: 4 pages
Pure circularly polarized light emission from waveguide microring resonators
Creators: name: Massai, Leonardo
name: Schatteburg, Tom
name: Home, Jonathan P.
name: Mehta, Karan K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Circularly polarized light plays a key role in many applications including spectroscopy, microscopy, and control of atomic systems. Particularly in the latter, high polarization purity is often required. Integrated technologies for atomic control are progressing rapidly, but while integrated photonics can generate fields with pure linear polarization, integrated generation of highly pure circular polarization states has not been addressed. Here, we show that waveguide microring resonators, perturbed with azimuthal gratings and thereby emitting beams carrying optical orbital angular momentum, can generate radiated fields of high circular polarization purity. We achieve this in a passive device by taking advantage of symmetries of the structure and radiated modes, and directly utilizing both transverse and longitudinal field components of the guided modes. On the axis of emission and at maximum intensity, we measure an average polarization impurity of $1.0 \times 10^{-3}$ in relative intensity across the resonance FWHM, and observe impurities below $10^{-4}$ in this range. This constitutes a significant improvement over the ${\sim}10^{-2}$ impurity demonstrated in previous work on integrated devices. Photonic structures allowing high circular polarization purity may assist in realizing high-fidelity control and measurement in atomic quantum systems.
Third post-Newtonian gravitational waveforms for compact binary systems in general orbits: Instantaneous terms
Creators: name: Mishra, Chandra Kant
name: Arun, K. G.
name: Iyer, Bala R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the instantaneous contributions to the spherical harmonic modes of gravitational waveforms from compact binary systems in general orbits up to the third post-Newtonian order. We further extend these results for compact binaries in quasi-elliptical orbits using the 3PN quasi-Keplerian representation of the conserved dynamics of compact binaries in eccentric orbits. Using the multipolar post-Minkowskian formalism, starting from the different mass and current type multipole moments, we compute the spin weighted spherical harmonic decomposition of the instantaneous part of the gravitational waveform. These are terms which are functions of the retarded time and do not depend on the history of the binary evolution. Together with the hereditary part, which depends on the binary's dynamical history, these waveforms form the basis for construction of accurate templates for the detection of gravitational wave signals from binaries moving in quasi-elliptical orbits.
description: Consistent with the published PRD version; Files (readable in MATHEMATICA) containing the expressions of all the relevant modes contributing to the 3PN waveform are included in the "source"