cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A new scalable implementation of the citation exponential random graph model (cERGM) and its application to a large patent citation network
Creators: name: Stivala, Alex
name: Lomi, Alessandro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: The citation exponential random graph model (cERGM) was recently described by Schmid, Chen, and Desmarais (2021), who used it to analyze a United States Supreme Court case citation network. The cERGM is an ERGM variant that takes account of some special properties of the network of Supreme Court citations, and citation networks more generally. Specifically, that the set of nodes must increase in size for citations to be created, and that arcs (representing citations) can only be created, not destroyed. We will describe a new implementation of the cERGM, which uses the recent "equilibrium expectation" algorithm to enable parameter estimation for networks far larger than is possible using the original implementation. We will use this new cERGM implementation to analyze a citation network of nearly two million European patents, and compare the results to those we have previously described for this network using both ERGM and negative binomial regression. We will also discuss potential shortcomings in the original method for testing goodness-of-fit for the cERGM, and suggest possible improvements.
description: This work was funded by Swiss National Science Foundation project numbers 167326 and 200778.
title: South Korea Report. Sustainable Governance Indicators 2022
Creators: name: Kim, Nancy
name: Mosler, Hannes
name: Kalinowski, Thomas
Publisher: name: Bertelsmann Stiftung
Year: 2022
Subjects: Governance
Democracy
Regierungshandeln
Demokratie

description: In the final stretch of the Moon Jae-in administration – with presidential elections held in March 2022 – several long-term tasks prioritized and set forth by President Moon in his 100 Policy Tasks (2017) and New Deal (2020) remained relevant and important for the future of South Korea. On the one hand, the Democratic Party’s decisive victory in April 2020, giving it a parliamentary majority, provided a strong mandate for implementing President Moon’s agenda.
Nickel‐Catalyzed, Reductive C(sp3)−Si Cross‐Coupling of α‐Cyano Alkyl Electrophiles and Chlorosilanes
Creators: name: Zhang, Liangliang
name: Oestreich, Martin
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
subject: cross-coupling
subject: nickel
subject: silicon
subject: synthetic methods
subject: zinc

description: A nickel/zinc‐catalyzed cross‐electrophile coupling of alkyl electrophiles activated by an α‐cyano group and chlorosilanes is reported. Elemental zinc is the stoichiometric reductant in this reductive coupling process. By this, a C(sp3)−Si bond can be formed starting from two electrophilic reactants whereas previous methods rely on the combination of carbon nucleophiles and silicon electrophiles or vice versa.
About the use of fidelity in continuous variable systems
Creators: name: Mandarino, Antonio
name: Bina, Matteo
name: Olivares, Stefano
name: Paris, Matteo G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present examples of continuous variable (CV) states having high fidelity to a given target, say $F > 0.9$ or $F > 0.99$, and still showing striking differences in their physical properties, including classical and quantum states within the set, separable and entangled ones, or nearly Gaussian and strongly non-Gaussian ones. We also show that the phenomenon persists also when one imposes additional constraints on the energy or the squeezing fraction of the states, thus generally questioning the use of fidelity to assess properties of CV systems.
description: 8 pages; 4 figures
A Configurational Approach to Model Triglyceride Pure Component Properties
Creators: name: Seilert, Julia
name: Flöter, Eckhard
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 660 Chemische Verfahrenstechnik
subject: crystal structure
subject: enthalpy of fusion
subject: group contribution
subject: mathematical modeling
subject: melting temperature
subject: triglyceride properties

description: In this contribution, a new model to predict the thermodynamic properties, namely enthalpy of fusion (ΔHf) and melting temperature (Tm), of pure triglycerides (TAGs) is presented. Different contributions to these properties could be expressed by means of repetitive structural attributes deduced from molecular structures. Carefully formulated configurational and geometrical simplifications enabled to attribute physical meaning to most of the parameters. Overall, the number of adjustable parameters is successfully minimized to less than half compared to the well‐known model proposed by Wesdorp in “Liquid‐multiple solid phase equilibria in fats: theory and experiments” (1990). Comparing both models revealed that the new model surpasses the reference model considering desirable prediction quality, thermodynamical consistency, and the number of adjustable parameters. Practical application: The successful description of the phase behavior of TAG mixtures is crucial to understand complex phenomena in fat‐based products. This objective is based on reliable predictions of pure component properties and non‐ideal mixing in liquid‐ and solid‐phases. The newly formulated model gives reliable descriptions of experimental data and predictions of unknown data of TAGs — both thermodynamically consistent. Those are of benefit as prerequisite for any meaningful effort to predict the solid‐liquid phase behavior of TAG mixtures as well as crystallization kinetics.
title: Atomistic Computer Simulations of Dislocations in Strontium Titanate Single Crystals
Creators: name: Klomp, Arne Jan
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2022

description: Thermo-mechanical, functional, as well as processing related properties of ceramics are typically tailored via defect engineering. While zero-, two-, and three-dimensional defects are widely studied, the domain of one-dimensional defects, i.e., dislocations has hardly been exploited to tailor ceramics. The reason is a lack of understanding of dislocations in ceramic crystal structures. Furthermore, effective means of introducing and controlling dislocations in brittle ceramics are not well explored. We expect that once dislocations in ceramics are properly understood, they can also be controlled and finally employed as an engineering framework to enhance mechanical properties such as crack resilience as well as functional properties, such as ferro- and piezoelectricity. However, this requires a fundamental understanding how dislocations work on the microscopic level. Here, we use atomistic computer simulations to shed light on the microscopic structure and properties of dislocations in SrTiO3 which is a prototype member of the important perovskite family. In three consecutive sections we explore (I) the equilibrium structure and low temperature configuration of dislocations that can be controlled by external mechanical stress; (II) the behavior of these dislocations under applied load, their tendency to glide, and the imperfections occurring during dislocation glide; (III) the implications of complex dislocation arrangements for the macroscopic plastic behavior of SrTiO3. (I) First, we classify the dislocations reported in literature into five groups and model each of these types explicitly. We find that only dislocations with Burgers vector <110> and glide plane {1-10} can dissociate into partial dislocations. With the help of analytic estimates we show that this glide dissociation makes them good candidates for easy dislocation glide. However, their structure is very sensitive to the dislocation line orientation as well as the oxygen ion stoichiometry at the dislocation core. (II) Second, stress is applied to the dislocation configurations identified in (I). We determine the Peierls stress as a function of the dislocation core configuration and stoichiometry and observe that the emission of defects from a gliding dislocation is a prominent feature for certain dislocation configurations. (III) Third, we study multiple dislocations and their interactions. In doing so, we combine in silico observations of different dislocation arrangements with the results of ex situ electron microscopic characterization. We determine that points of preferential dislocation nucleation and opportunities for dislocation multiplication enable the plasticity of SrTiO3. This understanding paves the way to design methods for creating and controlling dislocations.
Rapid validity testing at the front end of innovation
Creators: name: Peña Häufler, Birgit
name: Globocnik, Dietfried
name: Landaeta Saldías, Paola
name: Salomo, Søren
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 650 Management und unterstützende Tätigkeiten
subject: environmental turbulences
subject: experimentation
subject: formalization
subject: front end
subject: innovation process
subject: organizational culture
subject: planned flexibility
subject: prototyping
subject: rapid validity testing

description: To efficiently and effectively reduce the uncertainty inherent in the front‐end of innovation processes, recent literature emphasizes new approaches that facilitate rapid knowledge generation and learning such as design thinking, lean innovation, and pretotyping. However, these approaches differ in their conceptualizations and, despite their popularity, the empirical evidence on the performance relevance of such approaches for established organizations is limited. In this research, we propose rapid validity testing (RVT), in which we conceptualize and harmonize existing approaches toward a unique and comprehensive set of front‐end activities necessary to reduce uncertainty and equivocality inherent to this phase and enable planned flexibility. Drawing on information processing theory, we argue that organizations implementing RVT also increase the probability of achieving innovation outcomes of superior quality on time and within budget. We further argue that the effectiveness of RVT depends upon internal and external environmental factors. Drawing on multirespondent data collected from 1022 informants in 129 firms, we find empirical evidence that organizations implementing the RVT approach in their innovation activities achieve higher performance of their innovation programs, and that the performance relevance of RVT depends upon technological turbulence and the organization's long‐term orientation and risk propensity. We contribute to the literature by conceptualizing RVT as a set of activities that enable planned flexibility. Furthermore, we overcome empirical shortcomings of studies on popular approaches that relied primarily on anecdotal or case study evidence and imply the generalizability of their effectiveness. Our findings highlight that organizations indeed not only benefit from RVT but also challenge the notion of a one‐size‐fits‐all approach to the front end of innovation.
Quantum Non-Markovianity: Characterization, Quantification and Detection
Creators: name: Rivas, Ángel
name: Huelga, Susana F.
name: Plenio, Martin B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive and up to date review on the concept of quantum non-Markovianity, a central theme in the theory of open quantum systems. We introduce the concept of quantum Markovian process as a generalization of the classical definition of Markovianity via the so-called divisibility property and relate this notion to the intuitive idea that links non-Markovianity with the persistence of memory effects. A detailed comparison with other definitions presented in the literature is provided. We then discuss several existing proposals to quantify the degree of non-Markovianity of quantum dynamics and to witness non-Markovian behavior, the latter providing sufficient conditions to detect deviations from strict Markovianity. Finally, we conclude by enumerating some timely open problems in the field and provide an outlook on possible research directions.
description: Review article. Close to published version
The Influence of Blended Cooperative Learning Instructional Model on the Learning Achievement and Designed Characteristic Behaviors of College Students’ Ideological and Moral Education Course
Creators: name: Yu, Hao
Publisher: name: DR.KEN Institute of Academic Development and Promotion.
Year: 2023
Subjects: Ideological and Moral Education Course
Blended Cooperative Learning Instructional Model
Learning Achievement
Desired Characteristic Behaviors

description: International Journal of Sociologies and Anthropologies Science Reviews, 3, 2, 63-70
Understanding flavin electronic structure and spectra
Creators: name: Kar, Rajiv K.
name: Miller, Anne-Frances
name: Mroginski, Maria-Andrea
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
subject: computational methodology
subject: electronic structure
subject: flavin
subject: flavoprotein
subject: hybrid QM/MM

description: Flavins have emerged as central to electron bifurcation, signaling, and countless enzymatic reactions. In bifurcation, two electrons acquired as a pair are separated in coupled transfers wherein the energy of both is concentrated on one of the two. This enables organisms to drive demanding reactions based on abundant low-grade chemical fuel. To enable incorporation of this and other flavin capabilities into designed materials and devices, it is essential to understand fundamental principles of flavin electronic structure that make flavins so reactive and tunable by interactions with protein. Emerging computational tools can now replicate spectra of flavins and are gaining capacity to explain reactivity at atomistic resolution, based on electronic structures. Such fundamental understanding can moreover be transferrable to other chemical systems. A variety of computational innovations have been critical in reproducing experimental properties of flavins including their electronic spectra, vibrational signatures, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) chemical shifts. A computational toolbox for understanding flavin reactivity moreover must be able to treat all five oxidation and protonation states, in addition to excited states that participate in flavoprotein's light-driven reactions. Therefore, we compare emerging hybrid strategies and their successes in replicating effects of hydrogen bonding, the surrounding dielectric, and local electrostatics. These contribute to the protein's ability to modulate flavin reactivity, so we conclude with a survey of methods for incorporating the effects of the protein residues explicitly, as well as local dynamics. Computation is poised to elucidate the factors that affect a bound flavin's ability to mediate stunningly diverse reactions, and make life possible.
Internal stress evolution and subsurface phase transformation in titanium parts manufactured by laser powder bed fusion—An in situ X-ray diffraction study
Creators: name: Schmeiser, Felix
name: Krohmer, Erwin
name: Schell, Norbert
name: Uhlmann, Eckart
name: Reimers, Walter
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
subject: commercially pure titanium
subject: in situ synchrotron radiation diffraction
subject: internal stress
subject: laser powder bed fusion
subject: phase transformation
subject: subsurface

description: Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is a metal additive manufacturing technology, which enables the manufacturing of complex geometries for various metals and alloys. Herein, parts made from commercially pure titanium are studied using in situ synchrotron radiation diffraction experiments. Both the phase transformation and the internal stress buildup are evaluated depending on the processing parameters. For this purpose, evaluation approaches for both temperature and internal stresses from in situ diffraction patterns are presented. Four different parameter sets with varying energy inputs and laser scanning strategies are investigated. A combination of a low laser power and scanning speed leads to a more homogeneous stress distribution in the observed gauge volumes. The results show that the phase transformation is triggered during the primary melting and solidification of the powder and subsurface layers. Furthermore, the stress buildup as a function of the part height during the manufacturing process is clarified. A stress maximum is formed below the part surface, extending into deeper layers with increasing laser power. A temperature evaluation approach for absolute internal stresses shows that directional stresses decrease sharply during laser impact and reach their previous magnitude again during cooling.
Measuring the Success of Social Media: Matching Identified Success Factors to Social Media KPIs
Creators: name: Hammerl, Timo
name: Schwaiger, Josef Michael
name: Leist, Susanne
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Digital and Social Media in Enterprise Digital and Social Media social media, success factors, key performance indicators
subject: 004 Informatik

description: With the rise of social platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram etc., recently, a lot of excitement and optimism around the potential of corporate social media usage have emerged. Social media activities allow companies to reach an attractive mass audience segment, but just as for any other marketing medium, measurement is a critical component of success. Hence, many critical success factors (CSFs) necessary for successful B2C social media efforts have been compiled in literature over the last years. Although these CSFs are numerous, a classification for a purposeful application as well as corresponding key performance indicators (KPIs) for the concrete measurement of CSFs are missing. Therefore, first (1), this research aims at the identification of existing CSFs for social media in enterprises in literature and classifying them by their specific application. Second (2), to allow the definite measurement of CSFs, corresponding KPIs are identified and matched towards them.
The centrally symmetric V-states for active scalar equations. Two-dimensional Euler with cut-off
Creators: name: Denisov, Sergey A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the truncated equation for the centrally symmetric $V$-states in the 2d Euler dynamics of patches and prove the existence of solutions $y(x,λ),\, x\in [-1,1],\,λ\in (0,λ_0)$. These functions $y(x,λ)\in C^\infty(-1,1)$ and $\|y(x,λ)-|x|\|_{C[-1,1]}\to 0, λ\to 0$.
description: Several typos are fixed and explanation is improved
A Study of Undergraduate Students' Attitudes Towards Blended Learning in Chengdu, China
The Moderating Effects of Gender, Disciplines and Social Influences
Creators: name: Xinyue Li
Publisher: name: DR.KEN Institute of Academic Development and Promotion.
Year: 2023
Subjects: Blended Learning
Attitude
Engineering
Gender
Social Influence

description: International Journal of Sociologies and Anthropologies Science Reviews, 3, 2, 71-86
Higher prevalence of X-ray selected AGN in intermediate age galaxies up to z~1
Creators: name: Hernán-Caballero, Antonio
name: Alonso-Herrero, Almudena
name: Pérez-González, Pablo G.
name: Barro, Guillermo
name: Aird, James
name: Ferreras, Ignacio
name: Cava, Antonio
name: Cardiel, Nicolás
name: Esquej, Pilar
name: Gallego, Jesús
name: Nandra, Kirpal
name: Rodríguez-Zaurín, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the stellar populations in the host galaxies of 53 X-ray selected optically dull active galactic nuclei (AGN) at 0.3410^10.5 M_sun) and that the observed fraction of galaxies hosting an AGN increases with the stellar mass. A careful selection of random control samples of inactive galaxies allows us to remove the stellar mass and redshift dependencies of the AGN fraction to explore trends with several stellar age indicators. We find no significant differences in the distribution of the rest-frame U-V colour for AGN hosts and inactive galaxies, in agreement with previous results. However, we find significantly shallower 4000 AA breaks in AGN hosts, indicative of younger stellar populations. With the help of a model-independent determination of the extinction, we obtain extinction-corrected U-V colours and light-weighted average stellar ages. We find that AGN hosts have younger stellar populations and higher extinction compared to inactive galaxies with the same stellar mass and at the same redshift. We find a highly significant excess of AGN hosts with Dn(4000)~1.4 and light weighted average stellar ages of 300-500 Myr, as well as a deficit of AGN in intrinsic red galaxies. We interpret failure in recognising these trends in previous studies as a consequence of the balancing effect in observed colours of the age-extinction degeneracy.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 12 pages, 8 figures, 1 table
Characterization of Oleogels Based on Waxes and Their Hydrolyzates
Creators: name: Wettlaufer, Till
name: Hetzer, Birgit
name: Flöter, Eckhard
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 664 Lebensmitteltechnologie
subject: fatty acids
subject: fatty alcohols
subject: oleogels
subject: waxes
subject: wax esters

description: In this paper, the structuring of liquid oils, also known as oleogelation, is systematically investigated for the first time using a quasi-quaternary mixing system approach. Native waxes with different quantities of wax esters (WE), n-alkanes (hydrocarbons (HC)), fatty acids (FA), and fatty alcohols (FaOH) are applied in mixtures with hydrolyzed waxes to systematically change the composition. Hydrolyzed waxes contain high levels of FA and FaOH. The model systems are investigated on microscopic level (brightfield light microscopy (BFM), cryogenic scanning electron microscopy (cryo-SEM)) as well as on their macroscopic properties (rheology, gel hardness) and calorimetric behavior (differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)). It is found that sunflower wax (SFW)-based gels (12% structurant) become less hard on any admixture. Beeswax (BW)-based gels show significant increases in hardness when 25% and 50% (w/w) hydrolyzate are admixed. This could be related to stepwise crystallization. Further analysis reveals that the dissolution/melting behavior of the wax ester mixtures can be surprisingly well described as ideal solubility of a single pseudocomponent. The approach to unravel the individual contributions of the different species present in waxes is successful and marks a first step to better understand the systematic of wax functionality as oleogelators.
Hrushovski's Algorithm for Computing the Galois Group of a Linear Differential Equation
Creators: name: Feng, Ruyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.1.2
subject: 12H05

description: We present a detailed and simplified version of Hrushovski's algorithm that determines the Galois group of a linear differential equation. There are three major ingredients in this algorithm. The first is to look for a degree bound for proto-Galois groups, which enables one to compute one of them. The second is to determine the identity component of the Galois group that is the pullback of a torus to the proto-Galois group. The third is to recover the Galois group from its identity component and a finite Galois group.
description: 27 pages
Protonated Imine-Linked Covalent Organic Frameworks for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Creators: name: Jin, Yang
name: Acharjya, Amitava
name: Ye, Meng-Yang
name: Rabeah, Jabor
name: Li, Shuang
name: Kochovski, Zdravko
name: Youk, Sol
name: Roeser, Jérôme
name: Grüneberg, Julia
name: Penschke, Christopher
name: Schwarze, Michael
name: Wang, Tianyi
name: Lu, Yan
name: Van De Krol, Roel
name: Oschatz, Martin
name: Schomäcker, Reinhard
name: Peter, Saalfrank
name: Arne, Thomas
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
subject: covalent organic frameworks
subject: imines
subject: photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
subject: protonation

description: Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have emerged as an important class of organic semiconductors and photocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER)from water. To optimize their photocatalytic activity, typically the organic moieties constituting the frameworks are considered and the most suitable combinations of them are searched for. However, the effect of the covalent linkage between these moieties on the photocatalytic performance has rarely been studied. Herein, we demonstrate that donor-acceptor (D-A) type imine-linked COFs can produce hydrogen with a rate as high as 20.7 mmol g−1 h−1 under visible light irradiation, upon protonation of their imine linkages. A significant red-shift in light absorbance, largely improved charge separation efficiency, and an increase in hydrophilicity triggered by protonation of the Schiff-base moieties in the imine-linked COFs, are responsible for the improved photocatalytic performance.
The Metastable Dynamo Model of Stellar Rotational Evolution
Creators: name: Brown, Timothy M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper introduces a new empirical model for the rotational evolution of Sun-like stars -- those with surface convection zones and non-convective interior regions. Previous models do not match the morphology of observed (rotation period)-color diagrams, notably the existence of a relatively long-lived "C-sequence" of fast rotators first identified by Barnes(2003). This failure motivates the Metastable Dynamo Model (MDM) described here. The MDM posits that stars are born with their magnetic dynamos operating in a mode that couples very weakly to the stellar wind, so their (initially very short) rotation periods at first change little with time. At some point, this mode spontaneously and randomly changes to a strongly-coupled mode, the transition occurring with a mass-dependent lifetime that is of order 100 MYr. I show that with this assumption, one can obtain good fits to observations of young clusters, particularly for ages of 150 MYr to 200 MYr. Previous models and the MDM both give qualitative agreement with the morphology of the slower-rotating "I-sequence" stars, but none of them have been shown to accurately reproduce the stellar-mass-dependent evolution of the I-sequence stars, especially for clusters older than a few hundred MYr. I discuss observational experiments that can test aspects of the MDM, and speculate that the physics underlying the MDM may be related to other situations described in the literature, in which stellar dynamos may have a multi-modal character.
description: 30 pages, 8 figures, 1 table. Revised version accepted by ApJ 21 May 2014
Swift J1357.2-0933: the faintest black hole?
Creators: name: Padilla, M. Armas
name: Wijnands, R.
name: Degenaar, N.
name: Muñoz-Darias, T.
name: Casares, J.
name: Fender, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Swift J1357.2-0933 is the first confirmed very faint black hole X-ray transient and has a short estimated orbital period of 2.8 hr. We observed Swift J1357.2-0933 for ~50 ks with XMM-Newton in 2013 July during its quiescent state. The source is clearly detected at a 0.5-10 keV unabsorbed flux of ~3x10^-15 erg cm-2 s-1. If the source is located at a distance of 1.5 kpc (as suggested in the literature), this would imply a luminosity of ~8x10^29 erg s-1, making it the faintest detected quiescent black hole LMXB. This would also imply that there is no indication of a reversal in the quiescence X-ray luminosity versus orbital period diagram down to 2.8 hr, as has been predicted theoretically and recently supported by the detection of the 2.4 hr orbital period black hole MAXI J1659-152 at a 0.5-10 keV X-ray luminosity of ~ 1.2 x 10^31 erg s-1. However, there is considerable uncertainty in the distance of Swift J1357.2-0933 and it may be as distant as 6 kpc. In this case, its quiescent luminosity would be Lx ~ 1.3 x 10^31 erg s-1, i.e., similar to MAXI J1659-152 and hence it would support the existence of such a bifurcation period. We also detected the source in optical at r' ~22.3 mag with the Liverpool telescope, simultaneously to our X-ray observation. The X-ray/optical luminosity ratio of Swift J1357.2-0933 agrees with the expected value for a black hole at this range of quiescent X-ray luminosities.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Biblioterapia
Creators: name: Silva, Cristina Dos Anjos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biblioterapia

description: Esse trabalho foi realizado como obtenção de nota da disciplina: Tecnologia da Informação I, com a orientação do Prof. Dr. Wagner Junqueira de Araújo da Universidade Federal da Paraíba - UFPB. O Infográfico, de acordo com Zuk Chagas autor do Blog RockContet, "É um conteúdo explicativo que une informações verbais e visuais, transmitindo dados e conceitos de forma fácil. Isso garante o entendimento do leitor mesmo em temas mais complexos. Infografias costumam conter textos, ilustrações, gráficos, sons, ícones e outros tipos de mídia em sua produção". A Biblioterapia tema desse Infográfico é descrito por Valência e Magalhães (2015), como "uma técnica que utiliza qualquer tipo de material bibliográfico, em que a leitura e outras atividades lúdicas, sobre variados temas, auxiliam as pessoas a lidarem com os seus problemas emocionais, sociais e físicos". A base de dados manuseada foi a Brapci, e a quantidade de artigos utilizadas foram 26. Os Gráficos de Autores e Palavras-Chave foram realizados pelo Software VOSviewer.
Martinez et al. Sociality and Island Biogeography, Supplemental, 11.7.22 final from Interspecific sociality alters the colonization and extinction rates of birds on subtropical reservoir islands
Creators: name: Martínez, Ari E.
name: Si, Xingfeng
name: Zhou, Liping
name: Zeng, Di
name: Ding, Ping
name: Goodale, Eben
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Word document with 7 supplemental tables and 4 supplemental figures
Dust Trapping by Vortices in Transitional Disks: Evidence for Non-ideal MHD Effects in Protoplanetary Disks
Creators: name: Zhu, Zhaohuan
name: Stone, James M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study particle trapping at the edge of a gap opened by a planet in a protoplanetary disk. In particular, we explore the effects of turbulence driven by the magnetorotational instability on particle trapping, using global three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations including Lagrangian dust particles. We study disks either in the ideal MHD limit or dominated by ambipolar diffusion (AD) that plays an essential role at the outer regions of a protoplanetary disk. With ideal MHD, strong turbulence (the equivalent viscosity parameter $α\sim 10^{-2}$) in disks prevents vortex formation at the edge of the gap opened by a 9 $M_{J}$ planet, and most particles (except the particles that drift fastest) pile up at the outer gap edge almost axisymmetrically. When AD is considered, turbulence is significantly suppressed ($α\lesssim 10^{-3}$), and a large vortex forms at the edge of the planet induced gap, which survives $\sim$ 1000 orbits. The vortex can efficiently trap dust particles that span 3 orders of magnitude in size within 100 planetary orbits. We have also carried out two-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations using viscosity as an approximation to MHD turbulence. These hydrodynamical simulations can reproduce vortex generation at the gap edge as seen in MHD simulations. Finally, we use our simulation results to generate synthetic images for ALMA dust continuum observations on Oph IRS 48 and HD 142527, which show good agreement with existing observations. Predictions for future ALMA cycle 2 observations have been made. We conclude that the asymmetry in ALMA observations can be explained by dust trapping vortices and the existence of vortices could be the evidence that the outer protoplanetary disks are dominated by ambipolar diffusion with $α<10^{-3}$ at the disk midplane.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, Accepted by ApJ
Diffuse Gamma Ray Background from Annihilating Dark Matter in Density Spikes around Supermassive Black Holes
Creators: name: Belikov, Alexander
name: Silk, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark matter annihilation is proportional to the square of the density and is especially efficient in places of highest concentration of dark matter, such as dark matter spikes. The spikes are formed as a result of contraction of the dark matter density profile caused by adiabatic growth of a supermassive black hole at the center of the dark matter halo or subhalo. We revisit the relation between the properties and mass functions of dark matter halos and spikes, and propose alternative models for the density spikes that can potentially contribute to the isotropic gamma-ray background.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures; matches published version
Much ado about nothing: The superconformal index and Hilbert series of three dimensional N =4 vacua
Creators: name: Barns-Graham, Alexander Edward
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: quantum mechanics
superconformal
complex geometry
yangian
quantum group
young tableaux
quantum field theory
string theory
sheaf cohomology

description: We study a quantum mechanical $\sigma$-model whose target space is a hyperKähler cone. As shown by Singleton, [184], such a theory has superconformal invariance under the algebra $\mathfrak{osp}(4^*|4)$. One can formally define a superconformal index that counts the short representations of the algebra. When the hyperKähler cone has a projective symplectic resolution, we define a regularised superconformal index. The index is defined as the equivariant Hirzebruch index of the Dolbeault cohomology of the resolution, hereafter referred to as the index. In many cases, the index can be explicitly calculated via localisation theorems. By limiting to zero the fugacities in the index corresponding to an isometry, one forms the index of the submanifold of the target space invariant under that isometry. There is a limit of the fugacities that gives the Hilbert series of the target space, and often there is another limit of the parameters that produces the Poincaré polynomial for $\mathbb C^\times$-equivariant Borel-Moore homology of the space. A natural class of hyperKähler cones are Nakajima quiver varieties. We compute the index of the $A$-type quiver varieties by making use of the fact that they are submanifolds of instanton moduli space invariant under an isometry. Every Nakajima quiver variety arises as the Higgs branch of a three dimensional $\mathcal N =4$ quiver gauge theory, or equivalently the Coulomb branch of the mirror dual theory. We show the equivalence between the descriptions of the Hilbert series of a line bundle on the ADHM quiver variety via localisation, and via Hanany’s monopole formula. Finally, we study the action of the Poisson algebra of the coordinate ring on the Hilbert series of line bundles. We restrict to the case of looking at the Coulomb branch of balanced $ADE$-type quivers in a certain infinite rank limit. In this limit, the Poisson algebra is a semiclassical limit of the Yangian of $ADE$-type. The space of global sections of the line bundle is a graded representation of the Poisson algebra. We find that, as a representation, it is a tensor product of the space of holomorphic functions with a finite dimensional representation. This finite dimensional representation is a tensor product of two irreducible representations of the Yangian, defined by the choice of line bundle. We find a striking duality between the characters of these finite dimensional representations and the generating function for Poincaré polynomials.
description: STFC
Skyrmion spacetime defect
Creators: name: Klinkhamer, F. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A finite-energy static classical solution is obtained for standard Einstein gravity coupled to an $SO(3)\times SO(3)$ chiral model of scalars [a Skyrme model]. This nonsingular localized solution has nontrivial topology for both the spacetime manifold and the $SO(3)$ matter fields. The solution corresponds to a single spacetime defect embedded in flat Minkowski spacetime.
description: 12 pages, v7: published version
18F-labelled triazolyl-linked argininamides targeting the neuropeptide Y Y1R for PET Imaging of mammary carcinoma
Creators: name: Maschauer, Simone
name: Ott, Julian J.
name: Bernhardt, Günther
name: Kuwert, Torsten
name: Keller, Max
name: Prante, Olaf
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften
subject: 540 Chemie
subject: 615 Pharmazie

description: Neuropeptide Y Y1 receptors (Y1R) have been found to be overexpressed in a number of different tumours, such as breast, ovarian or renal cell cancer. In mammary carcinoma the high Y1R density together with its high incidence of 85% in primary human breast cancers and 100% in breast cancer derived lymph node metastases attracted special attention. Therefore, the aim of this study was the development of radioligands for Y1R imaging by positron emission tomography (PET) with a special emphasis on imaging agents with reduced lipophilicity to provide a PET ligand with improved biodistribution in comparison with previously published tracers targeting the Y1R. Three new radioligands based on BIBP3226, bearing an 18F-fluoroethoxy linker (12), an 18F-PEG-linker (13) or an 18F-fluoroglycosyl moiety (11) were radiosynthesised in high radioactivity yields. The new radioligands displayed Y1R affinities of 2.8 nM (12), 29 nM (13) and 208 nM (11) and were characterised in vitro regarding binding to human breast cancer MCF-7-Y1 cells and slices of tumour xenografts. In vivo, small animal PET studies were conducted in nude mice bearing MCF-7-Y1 tumours. The binding to tumours, solid tumour slices and tumour cells correlated well with the Y1R affinities. Although 12 and 13 showed displaceable and specific binding to Y1R in vitro and in vivo, the radioligands still need to be optimised to achieve higher tumour-to-background ratios for Y1R imaging by PET. Yet the present study is another step towards an optimized PET radioligand for imaging of Y1R in vivo.
The Case For Supporting Open Infrastructure for Preprints: A Preliminary Investigation
Creators: name: Penfold, Naomi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: preprints
financial sustainability
scholarly communication

description: Preprints are being used across multiple scholarly disciplines – at varying levels of adoption. In this research, we asked: what is the current situation with preprints and open infrastructure for them, and how could IOI pursue work to further investment and sustain activities in this space?
description: This work was funded by Arcadia, a charitable fund of Lisbet Rausing and Peter Baldwin. Additional information about how our work is funded can be found here: https://investinopen.org/about/how-were-funded/
Über die Normalisierung von organisierten Brutalitäten. Die nationalsozialistischen Massentötungen im Rahmen der Euthanasie am Referenzfall der Anstalt Hadamar
Creators: name: Firkus, Dennis
Publisher: name: Universität Bielefeld
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 300
subject: Euthanasie
subject: Hadamar
subject: Normalisierung
subject: Illegalität
subject: Indifferenzzone
subject: Organisationssoziologie

description: Der Beitrag wirft eine organisationssoziologische Perspektive auf die systematisch durchgeführten Massenmorde in den als Heil- und Pflegeanstalten getarnten nationalsozialistischen Tötungsorganisationen, die im Rahmen einer (rassen-)ideologischen Interpretation der eugenischen Vorhaben ein Ausmerzen von Menschen mit physischen, geistigen oder psychischen Behinderungen bzw. Erkrankungen zum Ziel hatte. Erklärungsbedürftig ist hierbei vor allem, wie die Umsetzung des staatlichen Vernichtungsprogramms gelingen konnte, obwohl es sich bei den als Fußvolk der Euthanasie bezeichneten (Mit-)Tätern um Personen gehandelt hat, die nicht zum Morden prädestiniert, geschweige denn dazu ausgebildet waren. Ausgehend von einem Organisationsverständnis, welches als ein auf Mitgliedschaften beruhendes soziales System gedeutet wird, soll anhand zahlreicher theoretisch dargestellter sowie empirisch belegter Organisationsmechanismen aufgezeigt werden, wie diese illegalen Praktiken in außergewöhnlicher Weise normalisiert wurden. In Folge dessen charakterisierten die Mitglieder die Taten als indifferent, da sie fortan als legitime Handlungserwartung der Organisation galten. Die organisationale Einbindung fungierte für die Mitglieder als ein gleichermaßen entsolidarisierender, entmoralisierender sowie verantwortungs-entlastender Mechanismus.
Magnetic activity of F stars observed by Kepler
Creators: name: Mathur, S.
name: Garcia, R. A.
name: Ballot, J.
name: Ceillier, T.
name: Salabert, D.
name: Metcalfe, T. S.
name: Regulo, C.
name: Jimenez, A.
name: Bloemen, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of stellar activity is important because it can provide new constraints for dynamo models, when combined with surface rotation rates and the depth of the convection zone. We know that the dynamo mechanism, which is believed to be the main process to rule the magnetic cycle of solar-like stars at least, results from the interaction between (differential) rotation, convection, and magnetic field. The Kepler mission has been collecting data for a large number of stars during 4 years allowing us to investigate magnetic stellar cycles. We investigated the Kepler light curves to look for magnetic activity or even hints of magnetic activity cycles. Based on the photometric data we also looked for new magnetic indexes to characterise the magnetic activity of the stars. We selected a sample of 22 solar-like F stars that have a rotation period smaller than 12 days. We performed a time-frequency analysis using the Morlet wavelet yielding a magnetic proxy. We computed the magnetic index S_ph as the standard deviation of the whole time series and the index that is the mean of standard deviations measured in subseries of length five times the rotation period of the star. We defined new indicators to take into account the fact that complete magnetic cycles are not observed for all the stars, such as the contrast between high and low activity. We also inferred the Rossby number of the stars and studied their stellar background. This analysis shows different types of behaviours in the 22 F stars. Two stars show behaviours very similar to magnetic activity cycles. Five stars show long-lived spots or active regions suggesting the existence of active longitudes. Two stars of our sample seem to have a decreasing or increasing trend in the temporal variation of the magnetic proxies. Finally the last group of stars show magnetic activity (with presence of spots) but no sign of cycle.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures (plus 11 pages and 22 figures in the appendix). Accepted for publication in A&A
The Case For Supporting Open Infrastructure for Preprints: A Preliminary Investigation
Creators: name: Penfold, Naomi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: preprints
financial sustainability
scholarly communication

description: Preprints are being used across multiple scholarly disciplines – at varying levels of adoption. In this research, we asked: what is the current situation with preprints and open infrastructure for them, and how could IOI pursue work to further investment and sustain activities in this space?
description: Support for this work comes from Arcadia, a charitable fund of Lisbet Rausing & Peter Baldwin, and the Mellon Foundation, in addition to IOI's Founding Circle supporters. Additional information about how our work is funded can be found here: https://investinopen.org/about/how-were-funded/
Fig S1: Photographs of specimens used in this study. Letters indicate specimen identity in relation to details presented in Table 1 in main paper. Fig S2: Dimensions of evidence for differences between FTIR spectra of different herbarium specimens. from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy as a non-destructive method for analysing herbarium specimens
Creators: name: Barnes, M.
name: Sulé-Suso, J.
name: Millett, J.
name: Roach, P.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Dried plant specimens stored in herbaria are an untapped treasure chest of information on environmental conditions, plant evolution and change over many hundreds of years. Due to their delicate nature and irreplaceability, there is limited access for analysis to these sensitive samples, particularly where chemical data are obtained using destructive techniques. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy is a chemical analysis technique which can be applied non-destructively to understand chemical bonding information and, therefore, functional groups within the sample. This provides the potential for understanding geographical, spatial and species-specific variation in plant biochemistry. Here, we demonstrate the use of mid-FTIR microspectroscopy for the chemical analysis of Drosera rotundifolia herbarium specimens, which were collected 100 years apart from different locations. Principal component and hierarchical clustering analysis enabled differentiation between three main regions on the plant (lamina, tentacle stalk and tentacle head), and between the different specimens. Lipids and protein spectral regions were particularly sensitive differentiators of plant tissues. Differences between the different sets of specimens were smaller. This study demonstrates that relevant information can be extracted from herbarium specimens using FTIR, with little impact on the specimens. FTIR, therefore, provides the potential as a powerful tool to unlock historic information within herbaria.