cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Model reduction for stochastic chemical systems with abundant species
Creators: name: Smith, Stephen
name: Cianci, Claudia
name: Grima, Ramon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Biochemical processes typically involve many chemical species, some in abundance and some in low molecule numbers. Here we first identify the rate constant limits under which the concentrations of a given set of species will tend to infinity (the abundant species) while the concentrations of all other species remains constant (the non-abundant species). Subsequently we prove that in this limit, the fluctuations in the molecule numbers of non-abundant species are accurately described by a hybrid stochastic description consisting of a chemical master equation coupled to deterministic rate equations. This is a reduced description when compared to the conventional chemical master equation which describes the fluctuations in both abundant and non-abundant species. We show that the reduced master equation can be solved exactly for a number of biochemical networks involving gene expression and enzyme catalysis, whose conventional chemical master equation description is analytically impenetrable. We use the linear noise approximation to obtain approximate expressions for the difference between the variance of fluctuations in the non-abundant species as predicted by the hybrid approach and by the conventional chemical master equation. Furthermore we show that surprisingly, irrespective of any separation in the mean molecule numbers of various species, the conventional and hybrid master equations exactly agree for a class of chemical systems.
description: 25 pages, 11 figures
Nonclassicality Invariant of General Two-Mode Gaussian States
Creators: name: Arkhipov, Ievgen I.
name: Peřina, Jan
name: Svozilík, Jiří
name: Miranowicz, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a new quantity for describing nonclassicality of an arbitrary optical two-mode Gaussian state which remains invariant under any global photon-number preserving unitary transformation of the covariance matrix of the state. The invariant naturally splits into an entanglement monotone and local nonclassicality quantifiers applied to the reduced states. This shows how entanglement can be converted into local squeezing and vice versa. Twin beams and their transformations at a beam splitter are analyzed as an example providing squeezed light. An extension of this approach to pure three-mode Gaussian states is given.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
title: Examination of microvessel depiction of knee in 3D-PC method
Creators: name: Kimura, Keita
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Image verification
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: MR
subject: Musculoskeletal joint

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: In late years progress of imaging with non-invasiveness is remarkable. Various non-cystography MRA techniques are used in clinic. However, microvascular depiction in orthopedics territory is hard, and room of examination still remains. Then, we...
Barriers and facilitators of linkage to HIV care among HIV-infected young Chinese men who have sex with men: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Tucker, Joseph
name: Li, Haochu
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2017

description: Abstract Background The Four Free and One Care Policy (HIV/AIDS-related free services) has been in place in China since 2004. However, linkage to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) care is not yet achieved very well among people living with HIV. We conducted a qualitative study to explore individual and contextual factors that may influence a linkage to HIV care from the perspective of young HIV-infected men who have sex with men (MSM) in a highly centralized HIV care context of China. Methods Purposive sampling was used to recruit 21 HIV-infected MSM in Shandong Province, with in-depth interviews conducted between March and July 2015. Thematic content analysis was subsequently used for data analysis. Results Key barriers and facilitators related to a linkage to HIV care emerged from participants’ narratives. The barriers included perceived healthy status, low health literacy, and stigma associated with receiving HIV care. The facilitators included an awareness of responsibility, knowledge associated with health literacy, social support, and trusting and relying on services provided by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the government. These were related to the quality of current HIV counselling and testing, service promotion, and the cost and placement of these HIV services. Conclusions In order to improve the MSM linkage to HIV care in China, it is imperative to improve the quality of the current on-going counselling and testing. Further critical linkage support includes increasing supportive services among local CDC systems, designated hospitals and community-based organizations (CBOs), and more financial support for HIV/AIDS related testing, medical checkups and treatments.
title: Evaluation of Significant Anatomic Factors related to Persistent Incontinence following Radical Prostatectomy using Preoperative and Postoperative MRI
Creators: name: Kim, Sang Youn
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Decision analysis
subject: MR
subject: Genital / Reproductive system male
subject: Cancer

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Postoperative persistent incontinence (PI) following radical prostatectomy (RP) is the one of the main cause declining postoperative patients’ quality of life (QOL). The PI is most common problem during the first year after surgery and tends to...
Aptamer-based profiling of blood samples by APTASHAPE for diagnosis, treatment evaluation and disease severity prediction
Creators: name: Dupont, Daniel Miotto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: NAFLD
NASH
oLIVER
Aptamer
RNA
AptaShape
Plasma profiling
Biomarker
Poster

description: The poster was presented at the Danish RNA society's 7th annual meeting on RNA. Link: https://rnasociety.dk/events/previousevents . Summary:
 The molecular composition of blood is a reflection of our physiology, health state, life-style etc., in many ways a highway of biological information difficult to access. We developed a novel technology, APTASHAPE, to translate this "difficult to read" language into readable digital information.
 1) APTASHAPE involves the use of panels of small biosensor molecules, 2’-fluoro protected RNA aptamers, to generate imprints of the protein and metabolite signature in a plasma sample.
 2) Patterns are identified for health conditions.
 3) Unknown samples can be profiled.
 4) Aptamers can be used for biomarker identification and prototype drug development. Contact information: Daniel Miotto Dupont, Assistant Professor Gustav Wieds Vej 14
 building 1590, 316
 8000 Aarhus C
 Denmark
 dmd@inano.au.dk
 Phone: +4587159506
description: The poster sections: "For Non-AlcoholicFattyLiver Disease(NAFLD) diagnosis" and "For treatmentevaluation" are ODIN projects and is funded by the Novo Nordisk Foundation (grant number NNF20SA0061466).
Cost-effectiveness of nature based solutions in the urban environment. REGREEN Deliverable D2.3
Creators: name: Panduro, Toke Emil
name: Nainggolan, Doan
name: Taylor, Timothy
name: Zandersen, Marianne
Publisher: name: REGREEN - Fostering nature‐based solutions for smart, green and healthy urban transitions in Europe and China
Year: 2021
Subjects: cost-effectiveness
Nature Based Solutions
Urban

description: In this REGREEN deliverable D2.3, we provide an overview of costs for nature areas that can serve as NBS. We provide cost estimates for green and blue spaces in urban and peri-urban areas. We also provide cost estimates for de-pavement projects, street trees, green roofs and green walls. We show that these cost estimates can be applied in cost-effectiveness analysis in three different examples. We furthermore discuss how the cost-effectiveness analysis can be expanded to account for the potential multiple benefits provided by nature in urban and peri-urban areas that are in line with the spatial planning policy objectives by local authorities. We argue that a stepwise ranking of policy objectives in a cost-effectiveness analysis is a viable approach that will enable policymakers to make an informed choice over competing solutions.
The non-linear health consequences of living in larger cities
Creators: name: Rocha, Luis E. C.
name: Thorson, Anna E.
name: Lambiotte, Renaud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Urbanization promotes economy, mobility, access and availability of resources, but on the other hand, generates higher levels of pollution, violence, crime, and mental distress. The health consequences of the agglomeration of people living close together are not fully understood. Particularly, it remains unclear how variations in the population size across cities impact the health of the population. We analyze the deviations from linearity of the scaling of several health-related quantities, such as the incidence and mortality of diseases, external causes of death, wellbeing, and health-care availability, in respect to the population size of cities in Brazil, Sweden and the USA. We find that deaths by non-communicable diseases tend to be relatively less common in larger cities, whereas the per-capita incidence of infectious diseases is relatively larger for increasing population size. Healthier life style and availability of medical support are disproportionally higher in larger cities. The results are connected with the optimization of human and physical resources, and with the non-linear effects of social networks in larger populations. An urban advantage in terms of health is not evident and using rates as indicators to compare cities with different population sizes may be insufficient.
description: 12 pages
title: Diagnostic value of MR imaging of parotid gland tumors
Creators: name: Bahi, Salma
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Sialography
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: MR-Functional imaging
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Salivary glands
subject: Head and neck

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Know the MRI techniques for the assessment of the intra-parotid gland masses. Analyze MR imaging findings to distinguish between benign and malignant parotid gland tumors and demonstrate its utility for predicting specific...
An Extraordinary Outburst of the Magnetar Swift J1822.3-1606
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Manoneeta
name: Gogus, Ersin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 2011 outburst of Swift J1822.3--1606 was extraordinary; periodic modulations at the spin period of the underlying neutron star were clearly visible, remarkably similar to what is observed during the decaying tail of magnetar giant flares. We investigated the temporal characteristics of X-ray emission during the early phases of the outburst. We performed a periodicity search with the spectral hardness ratio (HR), and found a coherent signal near the spin period of the neutron star, but with a lag of about 3 radians. Therefore, the HR is strongly anti-correlated with the X-ray intensity, which is also seen in the giant flares. We studied time evolution of the pulse profile and found that it evolves from a complex morphology to a much simpler shape within about a month. Pulse profile simplification also takes place during the giant flares, but on a much shorter timescale of about few minutes. We found that the amount of energy emitted during the first 25 days of the outburst is comparable to what was detected in minutes during the decaying tail of giant flares. Based on these similarities, we suggest that the triggering mechanisms of the giant flares and the magnetar outbursts are likely the same. We propose that the trapped fireball that develops in the magnetosphere at the onset of the outburst radiates away efficiently in minutes in magnetars exhibiting giant flares, while in other magnetars, such as Swift J1822.3--1606, the efficiency of radiation of the fireball is not as high and, therefore, lasts much longer.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures, 1 table, published in ApJ
title: Usefulness of diffusion-weighted (DWI) magnetic resonance for distinguishing tuberculoma from other mediastinal masses
Creators: name: Milosavljevic, Tamara
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Thorax
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: CT
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Computer Applications-Virtual imaging
subject: Infection
subject: Image verification

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To evaluate the usefulness of diffusion-weighted (DWI) magnetic resonance for distinguishing tuberculoma from other mediastinal masses of indeterminate internal characteristics on computed tomography (MDCT) in the mediastinum. A tuberculoma or...
Data of the Project ''Stylometric Analysis on British Political Speeches (SAPS)'
Creators: name: Sygletou, Maria
name: Hoekstra, Thomas
name: Bakema, Jan-Tieme
name: Agapitos, Paschalis
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Digital Humanities
subject: Arts and Humanities
subject: Churchill
subject: Digital Humanities
subject: Exploratory Data Project
subject: Political History
subject: Political Speeches
subject: Stylometry
subject: United Kingdom

description: The first dataset contains the so-called ‘Leader’s Speeches’, which refers to speeches of politicians from three different parties, the Conservative, Liberal Democrat and Labour. The second data set consists of speeches of Winston Churchill exclusively.
title: Haemosiderosis in Heiner syndrome in pediatric patients
Creators: name: Milosavljevic, Tamara
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Image registration
subject: Computer Applications-Virtual imaging
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: CT
subject: Thorax

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Hemosiderin deposition in the lungs is often seen after diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, which occurs in diseases such as Goodpasture's syndrome, Wegener's granulomatosis, and idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis. Mitral stenosis can also lead to...
title: Differences in adult and child cases of knee injuries after motor vehicle accidents. Importance of urgent MRI and MDCT
Creators: name: Milosavljevic, Tamara
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Bones
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Trauma
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Computer Applications-Virtual imaging
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Trauma

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: In trauma cases of knee injuries decision of surgery exigency usually depends on conventional x-ray. Purpose of the study is to show requisite of MRI and MDCT and to determine differences between adult and child cases after motor vehicle...
Tasks Scheduling Technique Using League Championship Algorithm for Makespan Minimization in IaaS Cloud
Creators: name: Abdulhamid, Shafii Muhammad
name: Latiff, Muhammad Shafie Abd
name: Idris, Ismaila
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Makespan minimization in tasks scheduling of infrastructure as a service (IaaS) cloud is an NP-hard problem. A number of techniques had been used in the past to optimize the makespan time of scheduled tasks in IaaS cloud, which is propotional to the execution cost billed to customers. In this paper, we proposed a League Championship Algorithm (LCA) based makespan time minimization scheduling technique in IaaS cloud. The LCA is a sports-inspired population based algorithmic framework for global optimization over a continuous search space. Three other existing algorithms that is, First Come First Served (FCFS), Last Job First (LJF) and Best Effort First (BEF) were used to evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm. All algorithms under consideration assumed to be non-preemptive. The results obtained shows that, the LCA scheduling technique perform moderately better than the other algorithms in minimizing the makespan time of scheduled tasks in IaaS cloud.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
title: New Proposed Computed Tomography Colonography (CTC) in a hyper aged society : Aiming to Spread Colon Examinations for Elderly Patients by Lowering Their Burden and Improving CTC Accuracy
Creators: name: Horigome, Hideki
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Education and training
subject: Colonography CT
subject: CT
subject: Gastrointestinal tract

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Our educational presentation has the following two objectives: (1)spreading colon examinations among elderly people via CTC, who tend to avoid colon examinations due to obstacles that are burdens of cathartics etc; (2)providing CTC that facilitates...
title: Tendon abnormalities in MRI of the knee: A pictorial review
Creators: name: Samovsky, Maria
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Trauma
subject: Cysts
subject: Athletic injuries
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: Musculoskeletal joint

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Ourpurpose is todemonstrate a variety of tendon abnormalities in MRI examinations of the knee, and emphasize the need for systematic review of the appearance of these tendons in every examination. Our examplesinclude...
Contraception use and pregnancy among 15-24 year old South African women: a nationally representative cross-sectional survey
Creators: name: Pettifor, Audrey
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2007

description: Abstract Background Adolescent reproductive health has not continued to receive the attention it deserves since the start of the HIV epidemic. In South Africa, high numbers of adolescent women report pregnancies that are unwanted and yet few have accessed available termination of pregnancy services. Enabling contraception use is vital for meeting the goals of HIV prevention. Methods A nationally representative survey of South African 15–24 year olds was undertaken. Participants completed a questionnaire on sexual behaviour and provided an oral fluid sample for HIV testing. Analysis of the data was restricted to women (n = 6217), particularly those who reported being sexual active in the last 12 months (n = 3618) and was conducted using svy methods in the program STATA 8.0 to take account of sampling methods. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to explore factors associated with contraceptive use. Results Two thirds of all women reported having ever been sexually active and among these 87% were sexually active in the past 12 months. Among women who reported currently being sexually active, 52.2% reported using contraceptives. There was evidence of association between contraceptive use and being employed or a student (vs unemployed); fewer sex partners; type of last sex partner; having talked to last partner about condom use and having ever been pregnant. Conclusion Specific emphasis must be placed on encouraging young women to use contraceptive methods that offer protection against pregnancy and STIs/HIV. Our consistent finding of a relationship between discussing condom use with partners and condom use indicates the importance of involvement of male partners in women's contraceptive decisions.
title: Anterolateral thigh flap: anatomic variations and preoperative imaging technique for surgical planning.
Creators: name: De Beule, Tom
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Image verification
subject: Education and training
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Surgery
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Vascular
subject: Soft tissues / Skin
subject: Anatomy

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: What is the anterolateral thigh free flap (ALT-flap) Blood supply from perforators of the lateralcircumflex femoral artery Local variable and complex vasculature of the anterolateral thigh Difficult to harvest the perforator pedicles Guiding the...
Proposal as a set and an infinity of new concept. The action set shows a group that focuses only on some things not on all. The action infinity shows a group that it can be recognized a part of the group, but it cannot be recognized all.
Creators: name: Ito, Shinya
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Applied Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Other Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Mathematics
subject: Physics
subject: infinite
subject: math
subject: physics
subject: theory

description: In mathematics, we often use the equation that the right and left sides are equal. However, in most cases, it cannot be expressed that something else arises by an action. The important thing as part of this paper, I thought a set of new concept (Called action set or Zero dimension action infinity). It may be useful, for example, to explain the observation results of quantum mechanics experiments and how to proceed with the experiments. It may also lead to an understanding the universe observation results and how to proceed with observations of the universe.
title: Hexahydrocannabinol (HHC) in Lebensmitteln: Hinweise auf psychoaktive Wirkungen: Stellungnahme Nr. 044/2023 des BfR vom 5. Oktober 2023
Creators: name: Bundesinstitut Für Risikobewertung
Publisher: name: Bundesbehörden und Einrichtungen im Geschäftsbereich des Bundesministeriums für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft (BMEL)
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 000

description: BfR-Stellungnahmen, vol. 2023, no. 044
title: Tuberculosis on the plain chest film: recognising a disease that can take a lot of forms
Creators: name: Gemescu, Ioan Nicolae
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Education and training
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Thorax

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To review the variety of forms that tuberculosis (TB) presents on a plain chest radiograph. To know when to suspect TB and how to differentiate it from other diseases. To become familiar with the unusual presentations that have become very rare in...
Incommensurate phases of a bosonic two-leg ladder under a flux
Creators: name: Orignac, Edmond
name: Citro, Roberta
name: Di Dio, Mario
name: De Palo, Stefania
name: Chiofalo, Maria-Luisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A boson two--leg ladder in the presence of a synthetic magnetic flux is investigated by means of bosonization techniques and Density Matrix Renormalization Group (DMRG). We follow the quantum phase transition from the commensurate Meissner to the incommensurate vortex phase with increasing flux at different fillings. When the applied flux is $ρπ$ and close to it, where $ρ$ is the filling per rung, we find a second incommensuration in the vortex state that affects physical observables such as the momentum distribution, the rung-rung correlation function and the spin-spin and charge-charge static structure factors.
description: 19 pages, 9 EPS figures, RevTeX 4 (v1); 20 pages, 10 EPS figures, improved section on mean-field theory (v2)
Detecting spatiotemporal clusters of accidental poisoning mortality among Texas counties, U.S., 1980 - 2001
Creators: name: Nkhoma, Ella T
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2004

description: Abstract Background Accidental poisoning is one of the leading causes of injury in the United States, second only to motor vehicle accidents. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the rates of accidental poisoning mortality have been increasing in the past fourteen years nationally. In Texas, mortality rates from accidental poisoning have mirrored national trends, increasing linearly from 1981 to 2001. The purpose of this study was to determine if there are spatiotemporal clusters of accidental poisoning mortality among Texas counties, and if so, whether there are variations in clustering and risk according to gender and race/ethnicity. The Spatial Scan Statistic in combination with GIS software was used to identify potential clusters between 1980 and 2001 among Texas counties, and Poisson regression was used to evaluate risk differences. Results Several significant (p < 0.05) accidental poisoning mortality clusters were identified in different regions of Texas. The geographic and temporal persistence of clusters was found to vary by racial group, gender, and race/gender combinations, and most of the clusters persisted into the present decade. Poisson regression revealed significant differences in risk according to race and gender. The Black population was found to be at greatest risk of accidental poisoning mortality relative to other race/ethnic groups (Relative Risk (RR) = 1.25, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.24 – 1.27), and the male population was found to be at elevated risk (RR = 2.47, 95% CI = 2.45 – 2.50) when the female population was used as a reference. Conclusion The findings of the present study provide evidence for the existence of accidental poisoning mortality clusters in Texas, demonstrate the persistence of these clusters into the present decade, and show the spatiotemporal variations in risk and clustering of accidental poisoning deaths by gender and race/ethnicity. By quantifying disparities in accidental poisoning mortality by place, time and person, this study demonstrates the utility of the spatial scan statistic combined with GIS and regression methods in identifying priority areas for public health planning and resource allocation.
The Toll-Like receptor adaptor TRIF contributes to otitis media pathogenesis and recovery
Creators: name: Hernandez, Michelle
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2009

description: Abstract Background Toll-like receptor (TLR) signalling is crucial for innate immune responses to infection. The involvement of TLRs in otitis media (OM), the most prevalent childhood disease in developed countries, has been implicated by studies in middle ear cell lines, by association studies of TLR-related gene polymorphisms, and by altered OM in mice bearing mutations in TLR genes. Activated TLRs signal via two alternative intracellular signaling molecules with differing effects; MyD88 (Myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88) inducing primarily interleukin expression and TRIF (Tir-domain-containing adaptor inducing interferon β) mediating type I interferon (IFN) expression. We tested the hypothesis that TRIF and type I IFN signaling play a role in OM, using a murine model of OM induced by non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi). The ME inflammatory response to NTHi was examined in wild-type (WT) and TRIF-/- mice by qPCR, gene microarray, histopathology and bacterial culture. Results Expression of TRIF mRNA was only modesty enhanced during OM, but both type I IFN signalling genes and type I IFN-inducible genes were significantly up-regulated in WT mice. TRIF-deficient mice showed reduced but more persistent mucosal hyperplasia and less leukocyte infiltration into the ME in response to NTHi infection than did WT animals. Viable bacteria could be cultured from MEs of TRIF-/- mice for much longer in the course of disease than was the case for middle ears of WT mice. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that activation of TRIF/type I IFN responses is important in both the pathogenesis and resolution of NTHi-induced OM.
title: Correlation between Arterial Spin-Labeling Perfusion and Histopathologic Vascular Density of Pediatric Intracranial Tumors
Creators: name: Kikuchi, Kazufumi
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Technology assessment
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Paediatric
subject: Oncology
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Neoplasia

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Unlike in adults, pediatric brain tumors have more heterogeneous pathologic features, including embryonal and mixed neuronal-glial types [1]. Because of their various histologic presentations and biologic behaviors, evaluation and treatment of...
Effect of the myostatin locus on muscle mass and intramuscular fat content in a cross between mouse lines selected for hypermuscularity
Creators: name: Pardo-Manuel de Villena, Fernando
name: Yang, Hyuna
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2013

description: Abstract Background This study is aimed at the analysis of genetic and physiological effects of myostatin on economically relevant meat quality traits in a genetic background of high muscularity. For this purpose, we generated G3 populations of reciprocal crosses between the two hypermuscular mouse lines BMMI866, which carries a myostatin mutation and is lean, and BMMI806, which has high intramuscular and body fat content. To assess the relationship between muscle mass, body composition and muscle quality traits, we also analysed intramuscular fat content (IMF), water holding capacity (WHC), and additional physiological parameters in M. quadriceps and M. longissimus in 308 G3-animals. Results We found that individuals with larger muscles have significantly lower total body fat (r = −0.28) and IMF (r = −0.64), and in females, a lower WHC (r = −0.35). In males, higher muscle mass was also significantly correlated with higher glycogen contents (r = 0.2) and lower carcass pH-values 24 hours after dissection (r = −0.19). Linkage analyses confirmed the influence of the myostatin mutation on higher lean mass (1.35 g), reduced body fat content (−1.15%), and lower IMF in M. longissimus (−0.13%) and M. quadriceps (−0.07%). No effect was found for WHC. A large proportion of variation of intramuscular fat content of the M. longissimus at the myostatin locus could be explained by sex (23%) and direction-of-cross effects (26%). The effects were higher in males (+0.41%). An additional locus with negative over-dominance effects on total fat mass (−0.55 g) was identified on chromosome 16 at 94 Mb (86–94 Mb) which concurs with fat related QTL in syntenic regions on SSC13 in pigs and BTA1 in cattle. Conclusion The data shows QTL effects on mouse muscle that are similar to those previously observed in livestock, supporting the mouse model. New information from the mouse model helps to describe variation in meat quantity and quality, and thus contribute to research in livestock.
title: Comparison of degree of colorectal distention in hysterectomy with manual air insufflation or automated CO2 CT colonography
Creators: name: Kanazawa, Hidenori
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Colonography CT
subject: CT
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Computer applications
subject: Colon

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Colorectal cancer is considered the most common cause of death among females in Japan [1], and rectal cancer alone is the 9th most common cause of mortality in females [1]. Optical colonoscopy (OC) has been established as a preoperative examination...
title: Embolization of high flow peripheral arteriovenous malformation with Onyx : Safety, efficacy and long term outcome.
Creators: name: De Beule, Tom
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Vascular
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Embolisation
subject: Safety
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Arteriovenous malformations
subject: Haemodynamics / Flow dynamics

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Peripheral extracranial High-flow AVM's (exHFAVM's) Are therapeutical challenging: Surgical and endovascular (1) Ethanol or nBCA have disadvantages (2) Use of Onyx ⇒ well documented in cranial AVM's/peripheral non-AVM's Good outcome (3,4) Surgical...
title: Typical and atypical presentation of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors: Why should we always keep them in mind
Creators: name: Paniagua González, Miguel
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Oncology
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Abdomen
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Describe the epidemiology and physiopathology of the Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumours (GISTs), as well as the clinical signs that these patients may present, their prognosis and current treatments for these neoplasms. Explain and illustrate the...
Computable functors and effective interpretability
Creators: name: Harrison-Trainor, Matthew
name: Melnikov, Alexander
name: Miller, Russell
name: Montalbán, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03D45, 03C57

description: Our main result is the equivalence of two notions of reducibility between structures. One is a syntactical notion which is an effective version of interpretability as in model theory, and the other one is a computational notion which is a strengthening of the well-known Medvedev reducibility. We extend our result to effective bi-interpretability and also to effective reductions between classes of structures.
description: 22 pages
Hydrogen evolution reaction measurements of dealloyed porous NiCu
Creators: name: Nelsen, Evan F
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2013

description: Abstract Porous metals are of interest for their high surface area and potential for enhanced catalytic behavior. Electrodeposited NiCu thin films with a range of compositions were electrochemically dealloyed to selectively remove the Cu component. The film structure, composition, and reactivity of these samples were characterized both before and after the dealloying step using scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and electrochemical measurements. The catalytic behavior of the dealloyed porous Ni samples towards the hydrogen evolution reaction was measured and compared to that of the as-deposited samples. The dealloyed samples were generally more reactive than their as-deposited counterparts at low overpotentials, making the dealloying procedure a promising area of exploration for improved hydrogen evolution catalysts.
title: Effect of increased intravesical biliar pressure on hemodynamics and size of gallbladder
Creators: name: Verzakova, Olga
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Biliary Tract / Gallbladder
subject: Vascular
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Ultrasound-Power Doppler
subject: Ultrasound-Spectral Doppler
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Intraoperative
subject: Acute
subject: Haemodynamics / Flow dynamics
subject: Hypertension

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: to determine circulatory dynamic changes of gallbladder vessels and quantitative parameters of gallbladder size caused by increased intravesical pressure using duplex and B-mode...
Particle properties
Creators: name: Schindelbeck, Thomas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: elementary particles, fine-structure constant, strong interaction, gravitation, general relativity, Kaluza

description: The standard model of particle physics classifies particles into elementary leptons and hadrons composed of quarks. There exists an alternate ordering principle based on a function Ψ that may be derived from the framework of the Einstein field equations, giving a convergent series of particle energies to be quantized as a function of the fine-structure constant, α, with limits given by the energy values of the electron and the Higgs vacuum expectation value. The series expansion of the energy equation provides quantitative terms for Coulomb, strong and gravitational interaction. The value of α can be given numerically by the gamma functions of the integrals involved, extending the formalism to N-dimensions yields a single expression for the electroweak coupling constants. Preliminary results for other particle properties such as magnetic moment, decay channels or scattering features exist. Necessary input parameters for all calculations can be reduced to elementary charge and electric constant in natural units.
The Digital Open Science Ecosystem in Latin America and the Caribbean
Creators: name: Amaro, Bianca
name: Barrios, Carlos
name: Cadenas, Luis Eliécer
name: Cetrangolo, Federico
name: Ciuffo, Leandro
name: Mayo-García, Rafael
name: Lautaro Matas
name: Phillipe Navaux
name: Núñez, Luis
name: Washington Segundo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: open science
latin america

description: Open Science is the movement to make scientific research (including publications, data, physical samples, and software) and its dissemination accessible to all levels of society, be they researchers, amateurs, or professionals. [1] As a working model for scientific activity, Open Science has the potential to promote greater economic and social development in Latin America, favouring the efficient and safe utilization of the resources dedicated to funding science and facilitating the processes for knowledge transfer and dissemination in a region rife with challenges and inequities. The incorporation of transparent, collaborative, and open scientific practices also improves the quality of results, their impact, and their reproducibility. This transparency and accessibility strengthen the ability to translate scientific advances into innovations and allow the interaction of the scientific world with open innovation systems that need to be strengthened to facilitate the creation of wealth and strengthen productivity and the accumulation of human capital in our society. The draft text of the UNESCO Recommendation on Open Science highlights the five key pillars on which it is supported: open scientific knowledge, open science infrastructure, scientific communication, open engagement of societal actors, and open dialogue with other knowledge systems. [2] The current dimensions and characteristics of scientific activity are such that its productivity is contingent on certain key factors such as access to global collaboration networks, the effective management of data and scientific publications (e.g., the possibility of searching, accessing, interacting with, and reusing these data and the related scientific publications), computing power, connection speed, and the availability of shared research infrastructures. This collection of necessary infrastructures serves as the base for the digital ecosystem needed to support and promote Open Science. Latin America has a long tradition in this area that can provide the foundations to develop important leadership in the deployment and strengthening of these ecosystems, increasing our ability to incorporate ourselves into existing collaborations and to promote the development of new scientific collaborations. This document proposes a vision for this digital Open Science ecosystem that we must finish building in an orderly manner, analysing its components and interactions, while suggesting possible courses of action for its achievement.
A study of event-by-event fluctuations in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
Creators: name: Ahmad, Shakeel
name: Khan, M. M.
name: Khan, Shaista
name: Khatun, A.
name: Irfan, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method for selecting events with densely populated narrow regions or spikes in a given data sample is discussed. Applying this method to 200 A GeV/c 32S-AgBr and 32S-Gold collision data, a few events having "hot regions" are chosen for further analysis. The finding reveals that a systematic study of particle density fluctuations, if carried out in terms of scaled factorial moments, and the results are compared with those for the analysis of correlation free Monte Carlo events, would be useful in identifying events with large dynamical fluctuations. Formation of clusters or jet-like structure in multihadronic final states in the selected spiky events is also looked into and compared with the predictions of AMPT and independent emission hypothesis models by carrying out Monte Carlo simulation. The findings suggest that clustering or jet-like algorithm adopted in the present study may also serve as an important tool for triggering different classes of events.
Improving polio vaccination during supplementary campaigns at areas of mass transit in India
Creators: name: Wenger, Jay
name: Bahl, Sunil
name: Khaparde, Sunil D
name: Hutin, Yvan
name: Talyan, Ashok
name: Jain, Vibhour
name: Shah, Naman K
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2010

description: Abstract Background In India, children who are traveling during mass immunization campaigns for polio represent a substantial component of the total target population. These children are not easily accessible to health workers and may thus not receive vaccine. Vaccination activities at mass transit sites (such as major intersections, bus depots and train stations), can increase the proportion of children vaccinated but the effectiveness of these activities, and factors associated with their success, have not been rigorously evaluated. Methods We assessed data from polio vaccination activities in Jyotiba Phule Nagar district, Uttar Pradesh, India, conducted in June 2006. We used trends in the vaccination results from the June activities to plan the timing, locations, and human resource requirements for transit vaccination activities in two out of the seven blocks in the district for the July 2006 supplementary immunization activity (SIA). In July, similar data was collected and for the first time vaccination teams also recorded the proportion of children encountered each day who were vaccinated (a new monitoring system). Results In June, out of the 360,937 total children vaccinated, 34,643 (9.6%) received vaccinations at mass transit sites. In the July SIA, after implementation of a number of changes based on the June monitoring data, 36,475 children were vaccinated at transit sites (a 5.3% increase). Transit site vaccinations in July increased in the two intervention blocks from 18,194 to 21,588 (18.7%) and decreased from 16,449 to 14,887 (9.5%) in the five other blocks. The new monitoring system showed the proportion of unvaccinated children at street intersection transit sites in the July campaign decreased from 24% (1,784/7,405) at the start of the campaign to 3% (143/5,057) by the end of the SIA, consistent with findings from the more labor-intensive post-vaccination coverage surveys routinely performed by the program. Conclusions Analysis of vaccination data from transit sites can inform program management changes leading to improved outcomes in polio immunization campaigns. The number of vaccinated children encountered should be routinely recorded by transit teams and may provide a useful, inexpensive alternative mechanism to assess program coverage.
Complex tensors and simple layers: a theory for smectic fluids
Creators: name: Paget, Jack
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 499999
subject: Other mathematical sciences not elsewhere classified

description: This thesis considers complex fluids that possess non-isotropic internal structures; in particular, we will analytically and numerically explore fluids possessing internal layering. In such fluids, the microscopic structure influences phase transitions, physical symmetries, and rheological behaviours. Smectic phases couple anisotropic properties due to particle alignment with a layered structure. These phases introduce complex challenges for modellers, as they are liquid-like within each layer alongside the associated solid-like stacking effects.In this thesis, we propose a complex tensor to tackle these challenges. We take two key stances: (i) that layering is a fundamental symmetry breaking, that can occur independently from particle alignment, and (ii) the effects we are interested in occur at scales larger than individual layers. Unlike previous theoretical approaches, we can describe layering through the use of a single mathematical object, combining local layer orientation, compression and the extent of ordering, all while respecting the relevant smectic symmetries. Bypassing the effects of individual particles or layers (the microscale) keeps the focus of these models to the complex topological structures and {defects} that make these fluids so interesting.We construct a Landau theory in terms of this complex tensor E capable of describing the local degree of lamellar ordering, layer displacement, and orientation of the layers. This theory accounts for elastic contributions both parallel and perpendicular to the layers, before we simplify to a 'one constant' form, for which we develop a Landau-Ginzburg theory, to simulate lamellar systems and defects. Our theory reproduces both dislocation and disclination defects, remaining continuous everywhere by regularising singularities within defect cores. Describing these defects allows simulations of arrested configurations and non-trivial structures arising from interactions with inclusions, while serving as a considerable simplification to existing numerical methods, and respecting physical constraints, such as the Peierls--Nabarro energy barrier. We also apply the complex tensor order parameter to bacteria colonies, and develop a method for evaluating order in individual-based systems of any length scale. Our findings highlight the effectiveness of mesoscale modelling of topological systems, and open avenues to simulate flowing lamellar and smectic materials, for which we propose coupling schemes for our E tensor with the nematic order parameter tensor Q.