cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Paris chez mon père (Pommier doux)
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2024

Abstract
Fixed points and normal automorphisms of the unit ball of bounded operators on $\mathbb{C}^n$
Creators: name: Aggarwal, Rachna
name: Gongopadhyay, Krishnendu
name: Mishra, Mukund Madhav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 32M15, Secondary 47B02, 47B15, 47B91

description: We examine the group of isometries of the open unit ball of a complex Banach space of certain bounded linear operators equipped with the Carathéodory metric. Therein we obtain a charactrization of the normal isometries in terms of their special type of fixed points.
A Network Operator Sells Personal Information (Sample Scenarios from the CSTB): Rights and Responsibilities of Participants in Networked Communities
Publisher: name: Online Ethics Center
Year: 2006
Subjects: Privacy and Surveillance
Confidentiality
Ethics and Society

description: A commercial network operator collects personal information and sells it to companies for telemarketers without informed consent. This is one of 5 scenarios that discuss computers and Internet privacy, sampled from a publication of the Computer Science and Telecommunications Board (CSTB).
title: Predicting Early Failure in Total Knee Arthroplasty:  A Critical Review of Oxinium Femoral Components
Creators: name: DiSegna, Steven
name: Yang, Wenyun
name: Franklin, Patricia D.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: Introduction: Retrospectively, it has been shown that significant patient-reported pain 6 months following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is associated with a 7 times greater revision rate at 5 years. Our goal is to use the FORCE-TJR registry to prospectively evaluate if postoperative pain and function scores can predict increased revision rate 5 years following TKA. Our preliminary analyses have focused on one implant reported by Australia to have a significantly high 5-year revision rate: Oxinium femoral components. Materials and Methods: FORCE-TJR matched implant catalog numbers to the international implant library to define TKA patients who received oxinium femoral components and all other implants. We defined 12-month KOOS pain and function (SF PCS) for patients with the study implant and all others (n=9187). Age, BMI, sex, pre-TKA pain, function, low back pain severity, and Charlson comorbidity index were compared for patients with moderate pain (KOOS pain<75) vs. minimal pain (KOOS pain>75) at 12 months postoperatively. Results: We observed that 27% of oxinium patients reported moderate pain vs. 21% of patients receiving all implants at 12 months postoperatively. Compared to patients with minimal pain, moderate pain patients had greater pre-op pain (KOOS=37 vs. 50; p< 0.0002), poorer pre-op function (PCS=30 vs. 33; p<0.04), and more moderate to severe low back pain (52% vs. 24%; p<0.027). In addition, high 12-month pain patients had poorer 12-month function (PCS=37 vs. 45; p<0.0000). Conclusion: These preliminary results indicate that moderate pain at 12-months post operatively is associated with poorer functional gain following TKA. Surgeons should recognize and potentially intervene on this group if improvement in their ultimate functional gain is desired. By continuing to follow this group of oxinium patients we will be able to determine if early pain and decreased function following TKA is associated with an increased revision rate.
Turbulent mixing of a slightly supercritical Van der Waals fluid at Low-Mach number
Creators: name: Battista, Francesco
name: Picano, Francesco
name: Casciola, Carlo Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supercritical fluids near the critical point are characterized by liquid-like densities and gas-like transport properties. These features are purposely exploited in different contexts ranging from natural products extraction/fractionation to aerospace propulsion. Large part of studies concerns this last context, focusing on the dynamics of supercritical fluids at high Mach number where compressibility and thermodynamics strictly interact. Despite the widespread use also at low Mach number, the turbulent mixing properties of slightly supercritical fluids have still not investigated in detail in this regime. This topic is addressed here by dealing with Direct Numerical Simulations (DNS) of a coaxial jet of a slightly supercritical Van der Waals fluid. Since acoustic effects are irrelevant in the Low Mach number conditions found in many industrial applications, the numerical model is based on a suitable low-Mach number expansion of the governing equation. According to experimental observations, the weakly supercritical regime is characterized by the formation of finger-like structures-- the so-called ligaments --in the shear layers separating the two streams. The mechanism of ligament formation at vanishing Mach number is extracted from the simulations and a detailed statistical characterization is provided. Ligaments always form whenever a high density contrast occurs, independently of real or perfect gas behaviors. The difference between real and perfect gas conditions is found in the ligament small-scale structure. More intense density gradients and thinner interfaces characterize the near critical fluid in comparison with the smoother behavior of the perfect gas. A phenomenological interpretation is here provided on the basis of the real gas thermodynamics properties.
description: Published on Physics of Fluids
$Λ_c(2910)$ and $Λ_c(2940)$ as the conventional baryons dressed with the $D^*N$ channel
Creators: name: Zhang, Zi-Le
name: Liu, Zhan-Wei
name: Luo, Si-Qiang
name: Wang, Fu-Lai
name: Wang, Bo
name: Xu, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we treat $Λ_c(2910)^+$ and $Λ_c(2940)^+$ as the conventional $udc$ cores dressed with the $D^*N$ channel. We provide a possible interpretation to both $Λ_c(2910)^+$ and $Λ_c(2940)^+$ within the same framework. In the study, we consider not only the effects between the conventional triquark core and the $D^*N$ channel but also the $D^*N$-$D^*N$ interactions. The mass of $Λ_c$ state with $J^P=1/2^-$ is larger than that with $J^P=3/2^-$ in this unquenched picture, which is very different from the prediction of the conventional quenched quark model. Based on the mass spectrum, the spin-parity of $Λ_c(2940)^+$ is more likely to be $1/2^-$ while $Λ_c(2910)^+$ prefers $3/2^-$. We look forward to the future experiments can test our results with more precise experimental data.
description: 12 pages, 4 tables, 5 figures
title: Translating Comparative TJR Outcomes for Performance Improvement to Guide Surgical Quality Improvement
Creators: name: Zheng, Hua
name: Li, Wenjun
name: Lemay, Celeste
name: Ayers, David
name: Franklin, Patricia D.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: Background/Purpose: With the CMS decision to publicly report hospital-specific post-operative total joint replacement (TJR) complications and readmissions, orthopedic surgeons need new sources of post-operative outcome data to monitor and improve post-hospital care. The AHRQ funded research program, Function and Outcomes Research for Comparative Effectiveness in Total Joint Replacement (FORCE-TJR), developed methods to capture longitudinal patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and comprehensive post-TJR medical and surgical events, and established a web reporting system to return comparative outcome reports to participating surgeons and hospitals in order to monitor and improve quality and outcomes.

Methods: This national cohort/registry captures post-TJR measures directly from patients in their homes to assure uniform time, completion, and consistency for data comparisons across hospitals. Quarterly updated web reports deliver hospital- and surgeon-specific TJR outcomes compared with those of their peers and risk-adjusted national benchmarks on PROs as well as on post-operative event rates.

Results: Our national cohort enrolled 25,000 patients from 150 diverse orthopedists in 22 US states with varied hospital and surgeon practices. The secure, HIPAA compliant website was established that presents summary and risk-adjusted comparative statistics for primary TJR for all enrolled patients. The website provides a downloadable and printable report and an Executive Summary of key pre-operative patient risk factors, post-operative events, and post-operative PROs enabling the providers to compare their outcomes to the other participating sites. Individual patient reports are available for surgeons with real-time scores and trended outcome data to facilitate patient and surgeon shared treatment decision making.

Conclusion/Implications: A secure reporting website was established to disseminate comparative outcome reports to all participating hospitals and surgeons. Returning comparative outcome data to hospitals and surgeons encourages their active participation in this national registry and allows them to undstand their relative performance compared to peers while supporting practice-level quality monitoring and improvement efforts in patient care.
Library Databases (Sample Scenarios from the CSTB): Rights and Responsibilities of Participants in Networked Communities
Publisher: name: Online Ethics Center
Year: 2006
Subjects: Intellectual Property and Patents

description: A student uses the library's electric database and journals without paying for services. The library has liability or obligation to enforce policy. This is one of 5 scenarios that discuss computers and Internet privacy, sampled from a publication of the Computer Science and Telecommunications Board (CSTB).
Electronic Vandalism (Sample Scenario from the CSTB): Rights and Responsibilities of Participants in Networked Communities
Publisher: name: Online Ethics Center
Year: 2006
Subjects: Ethics and Society
Privacy and Surveillance
Public Well-being

description: One of 5 scenarios that discuss computers and Internet privacy, sampled from a publication of the Computer Science and Telecommunications Board (CSTB). A dial-in electronic bulletin board is used for legitimate and harmful activities. Who monitors the bulletin board?
Resolved Star Formation on Sub-galactic Scales in a Merger at z=1.7
Creators: name: Whitaker, Katherine E.
name: Rigby, Jane R.
name: Brammer, Gabriel B.
name: Gladders, Michael D.
name: Sharon, Keren
name: Teng, Stacy H.
name: Wuyts, Eva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed analysis of Hubble Space Telescope (HST), Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) G141 grism spectroscopy for seven star-forming regions of the highly magnified lensed starburst galaxy RCSGA 032727-132609 at z=1.704. We measure the spatial variations of the extinction in RCS0327 through the observed H$γ$/H$β$ emission line ratios, finding a constant average extinction of $\mathrm{E(B-V)_{gas}}=0.40\pm0.07$. We infer that the star formation is enhanced as a result of an ongoing interaction, with measured star formation rates derived from demagnified, extinction-corrected H$β$ line fluxes for the individual star-forming clumps falling >1-2 dex above the star formation sequence. When combining the HST/WFC3 [OIII]$λ$5007/H$β$ emission line ratio measurements with [NII]/H$α$ line ratios from Wuyts et a. (2014), we find that the majority of the individual star-forming regions fall along the local "normal" abundance sequence. With the first detections of the He I $λ$5876 and He II $λ$4686 recombination lines in a distant galaxy, we probe the massive-star content of the star-forming regions in RCS0327. The majority of the star-forming regions have a He I $λ$5876 to H$β$ ratio consistent with the saturated maximum value, which is only possible if they still contain hot O-stars. Two regions have lower ratios, implying that their last burst of new star formation ended ~5 Myr ago. Together, the He I $λ$5876 and He II $λ$4686 to H$β$ line ratios provide indirect evidence for the order in which star formation is stopping in individual star-forming knots of this high redshift merger. We place the spatial variations of the extinction, star formation rate and ionization conditions in the context of the star formation history of RCS0327.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
title: Prenylated retinal ciliopathy protein RPGR regulates ciliary localization of Joubert Syndrome-associated protein INPP5E in cooperation with PDE6
Creators: name: Zhang, Wei
name: Rao, Kollu N.
name: Li, Linjing
name: Anand, Manisha
name: Khanna, Hemant
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: Ciliary dysfunction is an underlying cause of severe human disorders (collectively called ciliopathies), such as retinitis pigmentosa (RP), Joubert Syndrome (JBTS), and Bardet-Biedl Syndrome. Ciliary proteins form distinct functional networks for localization to cilia as well as regulation of ciliary function. However, not much is known about the mechanism of ciliary localization and function of RPGR (retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator), a ciliary protein frequently associated with RP worldwide. Using tandem mass spectrometry analysis, we show that RPGR interacts with two JBTS-associated proteins: PDE6Π (delta subunit of Phosphodiesterase; a prenyl-binding protein) and INPP5E (inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase 5E; a ciliary cargo). Whereas PDE6Π binds in a prenylation-dependent manner to the C-terminus of RPGR, INPP5E associates with the N-terminus of RPGR. Prenylation and interaction of RPGR with PDE6Π are critical for its localization to cilia. We further show that loss of RPGR results in reduced amount of INPP5E in cilia of fibroblasts and in photoreceptor outer segment, a modified sensory cilium. Overall, our results suggest that RPGR, in complex with PDE6D, regulates the trafficking of ciliary cargo INPP5E and implicate reduction in ciliary INPP5E in the pathogenesis of RPGR-ciliopathy.
Tunable Dynamic Walking via Soft Twisted Beam Vibration
Creators: name: Jiang, Yuhao
name: Chen, Fuchen
name: Aukes, Daniel M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We propose a novel mechanism that propagates vibration through soft twisted beams, taking advantage of dynamically-coupled anisotropic stiffness to simplify the actuation of walking robots. Using dynamic simulation and experimental approaches, we show that the coupled stiffness of twisted beams with terrain contact can be controlled to generate a variety of complex trajectories by changing the frequency of the input signal. This work reveals how ground contact influences the system's dynamic behavior, supporting the design of walking robots inspired by this phenomenon. We also show that the proposed twisted beam produces a tunable walking gait from a single vibrational input.
description: 8 pages, 5 figure, this paper has been submitted to IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters, copyright may be transferred without notice, after which this version may no longer be accessible, the supplemental video is available at: https://youtu.be/HpvOvaIC1Z4
Notes on the existence of solutions in the pairwise comparisons method using the Heuristic Rating Estimation approach
Creators: name: Kułakowski, Konrad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Pairwise comparisons are a well-known method for modelling of the subjective preferences of a decision maker. A popular implementation of the method is based on solving an eigenvalue problem for M - the matrix of pairwise comparisons. This does not take into account the actual values of preference. The Heuristic Rating Estimation (HRE) approach is a modification of this method in which allows modelling of the reference values. To determine the relative order of preferences is to solve a certain linear equation system defined by the matrix A and the constant term vector b (both derived from M). The article explores the properties of these equation systems. In particular, it is proven that for some small data inconsistency the A matrix is an M-matrix, hence the equation proposed by the HRE approach has a unique strictly positive solution.
description: 8 pages
title: Plasma PLP Concentration and Depressive Symptomatology, over time, in older Latino Adults
Creators: name: Arévalo, Sandra P.
name: Scott, Tammy
name: Falcón, Luis M.
name: Tucker, Katherine L.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: Background: Low vitamin B-6 status has been linked to depressive symptomatology. However, most studies have been cross-sectional and may not have controlled for relevant confounders. Few studies have examined this association in Latino populations at high risk for major depression.

Design: We used two-level hierarchical linear regression models (HLM) for continuous outcomes. Level-1 data included three measures of participant’s depressive symptomatology collected at baseline, 2y follow-up and 5y follow-up. Participants constituted level-2 data. Vitamin B-6 was associated with depressive symptomatology across these time points.

Objective: We examined the longitudinal association of vitamin B-6 status with depressive symptomatology across 3 time points over ~ 5-7 y in a cohort of older Puerto Rican adults, a population previously identified to be at high risk for depressive symptomatology and clinical depression.

Results: Plasma pyridoxyl-5’-phosphate (PLP) concentration, a time-varying predictor, was significantly associated with depressive symptomatology. Study participants with PLP deficiency, vs. optimal PLP, had higher baseline depressive symptoms (22±14, vs. 20±13); this differential remained constant over time and persisted after controlling for age, sex, education, BMI, smoking and alcohol use, other relevant nutritional factors, perceived stress, stressful life events and allostatic load; and use of antidepressant medication. However, PLP concentration was not associated with the rate of change in depressive symptomatology over time.

Conclusions: Suboptimal plasma PLP is associated with higher depressive symptomatology in older Puerto Rican adults and this appears to persist over time. Our data suggest that identification and treatment of vitamin B-6 deficiency may be a useful preventive and intervention approach in this population.
Practices, Challenges, and Perceived Impact of Professional Development Activities among Senior High School Teachers
Creators: name: Morales, Mark Joel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 390403
subject: Educational administration, management and leadership

description: Professional development is a critical aspect of education for teachers in the Philippines, who encounter various challenges in addressing the evolving needs of their students and the education system. Using the descriptive cross-sectional technique, the study aimed to identify the practices, challenges, and perceived impact of professional development activities among senior high school teachers. While there are similar studies on the subject, there are few to none which present the specific situation of senior high school teachers in the Philippines. The results showed that the respondents utilized professional development practices in terms of graduate/post-graduate studies to a great extent; FGDs, LACs, and other trainings to a very great extent; research and publication to a very great extent; education innovations to a very great extent; membership in professional organizations to a very great extent; and community service involvement to a very great extent. Of these practices, those in terms of community service involvement were utilized the most while those in terms of graduate/post-graduate studies were utilized the least. In addition, the respondents experienced professional development challenges in terms of teacher-related factors to a great extent; professional development availability, cost, and design to a great extent; and instructional supervision and assistance to a moderate extent. Of these challenges, those in terms of professional development availability, cost, and design were experienced the most while those in terms of instructional supervision and assistance were experienced the least. Furthermore, the respondents perceived the impact of professional development activities to a very great extent. The results also imply the need to underscore involvement in graduate/post-graduate studies in the proposed action plan and to improve the job satisfaction of teachers after engaging in professional development activities. Future researchers may conduct a similar study with the inclusion of the views and experiences of administrators and students as a means of validating the supposed impact of professional development activities as perceived by senior high school teachers.
Dynamics of stellar black holes in young star clusters with different metallicities - II. Black hole-black hole binaries
Creators: name: Ziosi, Brunetto Marco
name: Mapelli, Michela
name: Branchesi, Marica
name: Tormen, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the formation and dynamical evolution of black hole-black hole (BH-BH) binaries in young star clusters (YSCs), by means of N-body simulations. The simulations include metallicity-dependent recipes for stellar evolution and stellar winds, and have been run for three different metallicities (Z = 0.01, 0.1 and 1 Zsun). Following recent theoretical models of wind mass-loss and core-collapse supernovae, we assume that the mass of the stellar remnants depends on the metallicity of the progenitor stars. We find that BH-BH binaries form efficiently because of dynamical exchanges: in our simulations, we find about 10 times more BH-BH binaries than double neutron star binaries. The simulated BH-BH binaries form earlier in metal-poor YSCs, which host more massive black holes (BHs) than in metal-rich YSCs. The simulated BH-BH binaries have very large chirp masses (up to 80 Msun), because the BH mass is assumed to depend on metallicity, and because BHs can grow in mass due to the merger with stars. The simulated BH-BH binaries span a wide range of orbital periods (10^-3-10^7 yr), and only a small fraction of them (0.3 per cent) is expected to merge within a Hubble time. We discuss the estimated merger rate from our simulations and the implications for Advanced VIRGO and LIGO.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures, 4 tables, MNRAS, in press
title: Giornata della Ricerca 2021 del Dipartimento di Scienze della Formazione – Volume II
Creators: name: Carbone, Vincenzo
name: Azara, Liliosa
name: Pompeo, Francesco
name: De Angelis, Barbara
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2023

description:

Il presente lavoro raccoglie in due tomi i numerosi contributi presentati nell’ambito della Giornata della ricerca 2021, come nel quadro delle attività 2022, del Dipartimento di Scienze della Formazione dell’Università Roma Tre. I saggi contenuti nei due volumi rappresentano un’occasione di riflessione e di ricerca su temi, progetti, percorsi ed esiti­, realizzazioni individuali o lavori di gruppo che si muovono in un arco tematico che va dai processi educativi e formativi - con l’analisi di dispositivi, la valutazione degli apprendimenti e delle competenze - fino a dimensioni ed ambiti storico-sociali; assumendo come linee di orientamento e sviluppo i concetti di inclusione, mutamento e accoglienza; quindi dedicando attenzione specifica alle sperimentazioni metodologiche.  In tempi di tumultuosa tecnologizzazione delle pratiche formative, può essere utile, rammentare il valore di una totalità educativa che si dispiega sempre mediante l’approccio multisciplinare e il confronto tra diversi saperi, allo scopo di ricercare e attualizzare alcune categorie teorico-pratiche che hanno alimentato la discorsività pedagogica, senza ignorare la necessità di proporre una riflessione che sappia tradursi in efficaci strumenti dell’agire educativo, certamente indispensabili nel mondo contemporaneo. Dalle ricerche sulla progettazione, sui training e sulla leadership alla valorizzazione delle competenze, anche mediante l’ePortfolio in prospettiva lifelong, lifewide, lifedeep learning; dalla storia dell’infanzia al valore pedagogico della musica; dal ruolo degli operatori nelle pratiche di intervento sociale per richiedenti asilo e rifugiati alla prosocialità; dai Serious games all’apprendimento delle lingue straniere; dal concept della learning city al Servizio Tutorato per studenti con disabilita’ e con DSA, il lavoro nell’insieme costituisce la terza realizzazione di un percorso virtuoso che, aldilà della messa a sistema dell’accountability dipartimentale, vuole testimoniare la vitalità e la ricchezza di approcci della ricerca.
Efficient Gravitational Wave Searches with Pulsar Timing Arrays using Hamiltonian Monte Carlo
Creators: name: Freedman, Gabriel E.
name: Johnson, Aaron D.
name: van Haasteren, Rutger
name: Vigeland, Sarah J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) detect low-frequency gravitational waves (GWs) by looking for correlated deviations in pulse arrival times. Current Bayesian searches use Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods, which struggle to sample the large number of parameters needed to model the PTA and GW signals. As the data span and number of pulsars increase, this problem will only worsen. An alternative Monte Carlo sampling method, Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC), utilizes Hamiltonian dynamics to produce sample proposals informed by first-order gradients of the model likelihood. This in turn allows it to converge faster to high dimensional distributions. We implement HMC as an alternative sampling method in our search for an isotropic stochastic GW background, and show that this method produces equivalent statistical results to similar analyses run with standard MCMC techniques, while requiring 100-200 times fewer samples. We show that the speed of HMC sample generation scales as $\mathcal{O}(N_\mathrm{psr}^{5/4})$ where $N_\mathrm{psr}$ is the number of pulsars, compared to $\mathcal{O}(N_\mathrm{psr}^2)$ for MCMC methods. These factors offset the increased time required to generate a sample using HMC, demonstrating the value of adopting HMC techniques for PTAs.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures. Matches version accepted in Physical Review D
Time-delay matrix, midgap spectral peak, and thermopower of an Andreev billiard
Creators: name: Marciani, M.
name: Brouwer, P. W.
name: Beenakker, C. W. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the statistics of the time-delay matrix (energy derivative of the scattering matrix) in an ensemble of superconducting quantum dots with chaotic scattering (Andreev billiards), coupled ballistically to $M$ conducting modes (electron-hole modes in a normal metal or Majorana edge modes in a superconductor). As a first application we calculate the density of states $ρ_0$ at the Fermi level. The ensemble average $\langleρ_0\rangle=δ_0^{-1}M[\max(0,M+2α/β)]^{-1}$ deviates from the bulk value $1/δ_0$ by an amount depending on the Altland-Zirnbauer symmetry indices $α,β$. The divergent average for $M=1,2$ in symmetry class D ($α=-1$, $β=1$) originates from the mid-gap spectral peak of a closed quantum dot, but now no longer depends on the presence or absence of a Majorana zero-mode. As a second application we calculate the probability distribution of the thermopower, contrasting the difference for paired and unpaired Majorana edge modes.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
title: Piloting Signs of Safety: A Deaf-Accessible Toolkit for Trauma and Addiction
Creators: name: Anderson, Melissa L.
name: Wolf Craig, Kelly S.
name: Sortwell, Amanda
name: Ziedonis, Douglas M.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: The Deaf community - a minority group of 500,000 Americans who use American Sign Language (ASL) - experiences trauma and addiction at rates double to the general population. Yet, there are no evidence-based treatments that have been evaluated to treat trauma, addiction, or other behavioral health conditions among Deaf people.

Current evidence-based treatments fail to meet the needs of Deaf clients. One example is Seeking Safety, a well-validated therapy for people recovering from trauma and addiction. Seeking Safety includes a therapist guide and client handouts for 25 therapy sessions, each teaching clients a safe coping skill. When Seeking Safety was used with Deaf clients, unique barriers were revealed with regard to the client materials: they were presented in complex English instead of ASL, nor sensitive to Deaf people’s culture, social norms, and history of oppression.

To address these barriers, Dr. Anderson assembled a team of Deaf and hearing researchers, clinicians, filmmakers, actors, artists, and Deaf people in recovery to develop Signs of Safety, a Deaf-accessible toolkit to be used with Seeking Safety. Signs of Safety is comprised of a therapist companion guide and population-specific client materials, including visual handouts and ASL teaching stories on digital video, which present key learning points via an “educational soap opera.”

Dr. Anderson is currently leading a pilot study of Signs of Safety. Preliminary results show that participants are reporting symptom reduction from baseline to follow-up and high levels of satisfaction with the model, giving us the confidence to further pursue this line of research.
Ultrafast laser welding of silicon
Creators: name: Chambonneau, Maxime
name: Li, Qingfeng
name: Blothe, Markus
name: Nolte, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While ultrafast laser welding is an appealing technique for bonding transparent workpieces, it is not applicable for joining silicon samples due to nonlinear propagation effects which dramatically diminishes the possible energy deposition at the interface. We demonstrate that these limitations can be circumvented by local absorption enhancement at the interface thanks to metallic nanolayer deposition. By combining the resulting exalted absorption with filament relocation during ultrafast laser irradiation, silicon samples can be efficiently joined. Shear joining strengths >4 MPa are obtained for 21-nm gold nanolayers without laser-induced alteration of the transmittance. Such remarkable strength values hold promises for applications in microelectronics, optics, and astronomy.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Transparent electrodes based on mixtures of nanowires and nanorings: A mean-field approach along with computer simulation
Creators: name: Tarasevich, Yuri Yu.
name: Eserkepov, Andrei V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the electrical conductance of two-dimensional (2D) random percolating networks of zero-width metallic nanowires (a mixture of rings and sticks). We toke into account the nanowire resistance per unit length and the junction (nanowire/nanowire contact) resistance. Using a mean-field approximation (MFA) approach, we derived the total electrical conductance of these nanowire-based networks as a function of their geometrical and physical parameters. The MFA predictions have been confirmed by our Monte Carlo (MC) numerical simulations. The MC simulations were focused on the case when the circumferences of the rings and the lengths of the wires were equal. In this case, the electrical conductance of the network was found to be almost insensitive to the relative proportions of the rings and sticks provided that the wire resistance and the junction resistance were equal. When the junction resistance dominated over the wire resistance, a linear dependency of the electrical conductance of the network on the proportions of the rings and sticks was observed.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables, 42 references, supplement
Leptonic CP Violation Phases, Quark-Lepton Similarity and Seesaw Mechanism
Creators: name: Dasgupta, Basudeb
name: Smirnov, Alexei Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore generic features of the leptonic CP violation in the framework of the seesaw type I mechanism with similarity of the Dirac lepton and quarks mass matrices $m_D$. For this, we elaborate on the standard parametrization conditions which allow to simultaneously obtain the Dirac and Majorana phases. If the only origin of CP violation is the left-handed (LH) transformation which diagonalizes $m_D$ (similar to quarks), the leptonic CP violation is suppressed and the Dirac phase is close to $π$ or to $0$ with $\sin δ_{CP} \approx (\sin θ_{13}^q /\sin θ_{13}) \cos θ_{23} \sin δ_q \sim λ^2 \sin δ_q$. Here $λ\sim θ_C$, is the Cabibbo mixing angle, and $θ_{13}^q$ and $θ_{13}$ are the 1-3 mixing angles of quarks and leptons respectively. The Majorana phases $β_1$ and $β_2$ are suppressed as $λ^3\sinδ_q$. For Majorana neutrinos implied by seesaw, the right-handed (RH) transformations are important. We explore the simplest extension inspired by Left-Right (L-R) symmetry with small CKM-type CP violation. In this case, seesaw enhancement of the CP violation occurs due to strong hierarchy of the eigenvalues of $m_D$ leading to $δ_{CP} \sim 1$. The enhancement is absent under the phase factorization conditions which require certain relations between parameters of the Majorana mass matrix of RH neutrinos.
description: 30 pages. v3(typos fixed, matches version published in Nucl. Phys. B)
Towards large r from [p,q]-inflation
Creators: name: Palti, Eran
name: Weigand, Timo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent discovery of B-mode polarizations in the CMB by the BICEP2 collaboration motivates the study of large-field inflation models which can naturally lead to significant tensor-to-scalar ratios. A class of such models in string theory are axion monodromy models, where the shift symmetry of an axion is broken by some branes. In type IIB string theory such models so far utilized NS5 branes which lead to a linear potential with an induced tensor-to-scalar ratio of $r \sim 0.07$. In this short note we study a modification of the scenario to include [p,q] 7-branes and show that this leads to an enhanced tensor-to-scalar ratio $r \sim 0.14$. Unlike 5-branes, 7-branes are in-principle compatible with supersymmetry, however we find that an implementation of the inflationary scenario requires an explicit breaking of supersymmetry by the 7-branes during inflation. This leads to similar challenges as in 5-brane models. We discuss the relation to high-scale supersymmetry breaking after inflation.
description: 8 pp; v2: references added, typos corrected
Zig-zag charged domain walls in ferroelectric PbTiO$_3$
Creators: name: Marton, Pavel
name: Gonçalves, Mauro A. P.
name: Paściak, Marek
name: Körbel, Sabine
name: Chumchal, Věnceslav
name: Plešinger, Martin
name: Klíč, Antonín
name: Hlinka, Jirka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a theoretical investigation of a charged 180$^\circ$ domain wall in ferroelectric PbTiO$_3$, compensated by randomly distributed immobile charge defects. For this we utilize atomistic shell-model simulations and continuous phase-field simulations in the framework of the Ginzburg-Landau-Devonshire model. We predict that domain walls form a zig-zag pattern and we discuss its properties in a broad interval of compensation-region widths, ranging from a couple to over a hundred nanometers.
Improved $S$-factor of the $^{12}$C(p,$γ$)$^{13}$N reaction at $E\,=\,$320-620~keV and the 422~keV resonance
Creators: name: Skowronski, J.
name: Masha, E.
name: Piatti, D.
name: Aliotta, M.
name: Babu, H.
name: Bemmerer, D.
name: Boeltzig, A.
name: Depalo, R.
name: Caciolli, A.
name: Cavanna, F.
name: Csedreki, L.
name: Fülöp, Z.
name: Imbriani, G.
name: Rapagnani, D.
name: Rümmler, S.
name: Schmidt, K.
name: Sidhu, R. S.
name: Szücs, T.
name: Turkat, S.
name: Yadav, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 12C(p,γ)13N reaction is the onset process of both the CNO and Hot CNO cycles that drive massive star, Red and Asymptotic Giant Branch star and novae nucleosynthesis. The 12C(p,γ)13N rate affects the final abundances of the stable 12,13C nuclides, with ramifications for meteoritic carbon isotopic abundances and the s-process neutron source strength. Here, a new underground measurement of the 12C(p,γ)13N cross-section is reported. The present data, obtained at the Felsenkeller shallow-underground laboratory in Dresden (Germany), encompass the 320-620 keV center of mass energy range to include the wide and poorly constrained E = 422 keV resonance that dominates the rate at high temperatures. This work S-factor results, lower than literature by 25%, are included in a new comprehensive R-matrix fit, and the energy of the 1+ first excited state of 13N is found to be 2369.6(4) keV, with radiative and proton width of 0.49(3) eV and 34.9(2) keV respectively. A new reaction rate, based on present R-matrix fit and extrapolation, is suggested.
description: Submitted to Phys. Rev. C (Letter)
Precision measurement of the top-quark mass in lepton+jets final states
Creators: name: D0 Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the mass of the top quark in lepton+jets final states using the full sample of $p\bar{p}$ collision data collected by the D0 experiment in Run~II of the Fermilab Tevatron Collider at $\sqrt s=1.96~$TeV, corresponding to $9.7~{\rm fb}^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity. We use a matrix element technique that calculates the probabilities for each event to result from $t\bar t$ production or background. The overall jet energy scale is constrained in situ by the mass of the $W$ boson. We measure $m_t=174.98\pm0.76~{\rm GeV}$. This constitutes the most precise single measurement of the top-quark mass.
description: submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
Three-body resonances in the $φ^4$ theory
Creators: name: Garofalo, Marco
name: Mai, Maxim
name: Romero-López, Fernando
name: Rusetsky, Akaki
name: Urbach, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the properties of three-body resonances using a lattice complex scalar $φ^4$ theory with two scalars, with parameters chosen such that one heavy particle can decay into three light ones. We determine the two- and three-body spectra for several lattice volumes using variational techniques, and then analyze them with two versions of the three-particle finite-volume formalism: the Relativistic Field Theory approach and the Finite-Volume Unitarity approach. We find that both methods provide an equivalent description of the energy levels, and we are able to fit the spectra using simple parametrizations of the scattering quantities. By solving the integral equations of the corresponding three-particle formalisms, we determine the pole position of the resonance in the complex energy-plane and thereby its mass and width. We find very good agreement between the two methods at different values of the coupling of the theory.
description: 26 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables
title: Change in Anti- gp120 Human Monoclonal Antibody Isotype Significantly Improves HIV-1 Neutralization
Creators: name: Duval, Mark
name: Gawron, Melissa
name: Cavacini, Lisa
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2016

description: HIV vaccine efforts tend to focus on the induction of IgG neutralizing antibodies. In part, this may stem from the observations that most HIV infected individuals fail to produce significant mucosal IgA. However, this is unlike most other infections and in turn it can be argued that mucosal IgA with appropriate function and specificity may contribute significantly to the prevention of HIV transmission. To explore this, we previously isotype switched F425A1g8, an anti-HIV CD4i human monoclonal antibody that binds to epitopes exposed upon CD4 binding (CD4i) The VH and VL chains were amplified from the IgG hybridoma and inserted into IgA1 or IgA2 and IgKappa vectors respectively. Stable cells lines were produced and antibody was collected and purified. Initial results showed that the IgA1 variant neutralized a number of HIV-1 isolates better than its parental form IgG1. We believe the increased neutralization of HIV is mainly due to the structural differences between IgG1 and IgA1. We hypothesize that the extended hinge of IgA1 may increase segmental flexibility and change the interaction of antibody with CD4i epitopes of the HIV, resulting in greater avidity. To look at this further, we have generated monomeric and dimeric IgA1 and IgA2 variants of three different CD4i antibodies: F425A1g8, 17b and E51. All antibody variants will be tested for immumoreactivity, HIV neutralization, prevention of transmission and ADCVI activity. Consistent with our previous results, there are significant differences in functional activity of the other CD4i antibodies with IgA1 more effective than the IgA2 variants. Additional activities will contribute to the hypothesis that the extended hinge region of the IgA1 antibody increases the antibodies ability to access the CD4i epitopes upon HIV-1 binding to CD4. These studies should impact on the design of active and passive immunotherapy and the prevention of HIV transmission.
Screened massive expansion of Schwinger-Dyson equations
Creators: name: Siringo, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general formal derivation of the screened massive expansion is provided by Schwinger-Dyson equations. Some known issues of the expansion are clarified and a more general framework is established for a natural extension of the method to two-loop or to amplitudes which are not directly defined by a generating functional. For instance, a one-loop screened expansion is given for the effective gauge-parameter-independent gluon propagator which arises from the pinch-technique.
Optimal Waypoint Guidance for Collision Scenarios
Creators: name: PERUMALLA, ANIRUDDHA
name: Johnson, Eric
name: Langelaan, Jack W.
Publisher: name: Pennsylvania State University
Year: 2023
Subjects: UAV
collision avoidance
autonomy
guidance
navigation
control
aviation

description: As unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) grow in popularity for industrial, military, and civilian applications, the need for such aircraft to possess safe and reliable collision avoidance system rises in importance. This thesis proposes a collision avoidance system for UAVs to avoid unexpected collision with static and dynamic obstacles.
The proposed system can adhere to airspace regulations specifying safety zones around other aircraft, is simple enough for deployment in a "plug-and-play" fashion onboard a UAV, and is efficient in terms of control effort needed to achieve the avoidance. The system contains logic to determine if a given obstacle is threatening, as well as to generate an "aiming point" to which the vehicle should travel to avoid the obstacle; it accomplishes this by examining the geometry of the encounter and transposing the problem of collision avoidance to one of waypoint guidance. Furthermore, the system contains a simple feedback controller that can guide the ownship to such an aiming point or a generic goal in the flight environment, while minimizing the overall control effort (e.g., fuel) needed to do so.
High-fidelity simulation was used to validate the performance of the collision avoidance framework. The potential of the framework to enable UAVs to avoid head-on collision, even at high speeds, was also successfully demonstrated through flight tests at a university research site at an airport. The framework developed in this thesis has been implemented in working software and validated in simulation. Furthermore, it has been implemented and deployed in the onboard controller of an experimental helicopter UAV. In a series of flight tests at an airport site, the proposed framework controlled the helicopter to successfully avoid head-on collision with a "ghost" dynamic intruder UAV at relatively close distance and moving at high speed. In the flight tests, the helicopter and ghost intruder were initially separated by 1 mile at the outset of the encounter and flew at relative speeds in excess of 100 feet per second.
Because this framework is able to be integrated with other flight controllers in a simple fashion, it relieves flight controllers tailored for long-term strategy from the short-term tactical burden of unexpected collision avoidance challenges. This also means long-term planning may be greatly simplified in execution by primarily focusing on global cost optimization, enabling longer missions and/or reduced demands on reserves.