cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Interatomic force laws that corrupt their own measurement
Creators: name: Sader, John E.
name: Hughes, Barry D.
name: Huber, Ferdinand
name: Giessibl, Franz J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atomically-resolved imaging and force measurements using the atomic force microscope (AFM) are performed most commonly in a frequency-modulation (FM) mode. This has led to spectacular results, including direct observation of the atomic structure of complex molecules and quantification of chemical and frictional forces at the atomic scale. We address here a critical question: Is recovery of force from the measured frequency shift experienced by the AFM cantilever ill-posed - that is, unreliable in the presence of (unavoidable) measurement uncertainty? Resolution of this issue underlies all force measurements using FM-AFM, but remains outstanding. It is shown that concavity of the force law's distance dependence controls ill-posed behavior, with a rapid concavity change corrupting force measurements by inducing spurious and unphysical effects - such rapid change is not uncommon. Practical conditions to eliminate ill-posed behavior are formulated which are verified experimentally. This study lays the foundations for robust atomically-resolved force spectroscopy and future work that will seek to regularize ill-posed force measurements.
description: 31 pages, 15 figures
Random Sequential Addition of Hard Spheres in High Euclidean Dimensions
Creators: name: Torquato, S.
name: Uche, O. U.
name: Stillinger, F. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Employing numerical and theoretical methods, we investigate the structural characteristics of random sequential addition (RSA) of congruent spheres in $d$-dimensional Euclidean space $\mathbb{R}^d$ in the infinite-time or saturation limit for the first six space dimensions ($1 \le d \le 6$). Specifically, we determine the saturation density, pair correlation function, cumulative coordination number and the structure factor in each =of these dimensions. We find that for $2 \le d \le 6$, the saturation density $ϕ_s$ scales with dimension as $ϕ_s= c_1/2^d+c_2 d/2^d$, where $c_1=0.202048$ and $c_2=0.973872$. We also show analytically that the same density scaling persists in the high-dimensional limit, albeit with different coefficients. A byproduct of this high-dimensional analysis is a relatively sharp lower bound on the saturation density for any $d$ given by $ϕ_s \ge (d+2)(1-S_0)/2^{d+1}$, where $S_0\in [0,1]$ is the structure factor at $k=0$ (i.e., infinite-wavelength number variance) in the high-dimensional limit. Consistent with the recent "decorrelation principle," we find that pair correlations markedly diminish as the space dimension increases up to six. Our work has implications for the possible existence of disordered classical ground states for some continuous potentials in sufficiently high dimensions.
description: 38 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables
Cosmic Reionization After Planck and Before JWST: An Analytic Approach
Creators: name: Madau, Piero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The reionization of cosmic hydrogen marks a critical juncture in the history of structure formation in the universe. Here we present a new formulation of the standard reionization equation for the evolution of the volume-averaged HII fraction that is more consistent with the accepted conceptual model of inhomogeneous intergalactic absorption. The revised equation retains the basic terminology and simplicity of the classic calculation but explicitly accounts for the presence of the optically thick "Lyman-limit systems" that are known to determine the mean free path of ionizing radiation after overlap. Integration of this equation provides a better characterization of the timing of reionization by smoothly linking the pre-overlap with the post-overlap phases of such process. We confirm the validity of the quasi-instantaneous approximation as predictor of reionization completion/maintenance, and discuss new insights on the sources of cosmic reionization using the improved formalism. A constant emission rate into the intergalactic medium (IGM) of 3 Lyman continuum (LyC) photons per atom per Gyr leads to a reionization history that is consistent with a number of observational constraints on the ionization state of the z=5-9 universe and with the reduced Thomson scattering optical depth recently reported by the Planck Collaboration. While star-forming galaxies can dominate the reionization process if the luminosity-weighted fraction of LyC photons that escape into the IGM, f_esc, exceeds 15% (for a faint magnitude cut-off of the galaxy UV luminosity function of M_lim=-13 and a LyC photon yield per unit 1500 AA luminosity of xi_ion=10^{25.3} Hz/erg, simple models where the product of the two unknowns f_esc xi_ion is not evolving with redshift fail to reproduce the changing neutrality of the IGM observed at these epochs.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, submitted to the Astrophysical Journal
A Problem with Non-Abelian Duality
Creators: name: Veneziano, M. Gasperini R. Ricci G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate duality transformations in a class of backgrounds with non-Abelian isometries, i.e. Bianchi-type (homogeneous) cosmologies in arbitrary dimensions. Simple duality transformations for the metric and the antisymmetric tensor field, generalizing those known from the Abelian isometry (Bianchi I) case, are obtained using either a Lagrangian or a Hamiltonian approach. Applying these prescriptions to a specific conformally invariant $\s$-model, we show that no dilaton transformation leads to a new conformal background. Some possible ways out of the problem are suggested.
description: 14pages, CERN-TH.6960/93 ROM2F/93/24 (One reference and one paragraph added)
Additional file 4 of Multi-omics data integration reveals novel drug targets in hepatocellular carcinoma
Creators: name: Dimitrakopoulos, Christos
name: Hindupur, Sravanth Kumar
name: Colombi, Marco
name: Liko, Dritan
name: Ng, Charlotte K. Y.
name: Piscuoglio, Salvatore
name: Behr, Jonas
name: Moore, Ariane L.
name: Singer, Jochen
name: Ruscheweyh, Hans-Joachim
name: Matter, Matthias S.
name: Mossmann, Dirk
name: Terracciano, Luigi M.
name: Hall, Michael N.
name: Beerenwinkel, Niko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 4: Figure S4. Graph showing the expression of miRNAs (upstream of SIRT1) in L-dKO tumors (n=12) compared to control mice (n=6).
title: 02_0604
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
The Higgsploding Universe
Creators: name: Khoze, Valentin V.
name: Spannowsky, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Higgsplosion is a dynamical mechanism that introduces an exponential suppression of quantum fluctuations beyond the Higgsplosion energy scale E_* and further guarantees perturbative unitarity in multi-Higgs production processes. By calculating the Higgsplosion scale for spin 0, 1/2, 1 and 2 particles at leading order, we argue that Higgsplosion regulates all n-point functions, thereby embedding the Standard Model of particle physics and its extensions into an asymptotically safe theory. There are no Landau poles and the Higgs self-coupling stays positive. Asymptotic safety is of particular interest for theories of particle physics that include quantum gravity. We argue that in a Hippsloding theory one cannot probe shorter and shorter length scales by increasing the energy of the collision beyond the Higgsplosion energy and there is a minimal length set by r_* ~ 1/E_* that can be probed. We further show that Higgsplosion in consistent and not in conflict with models of inflation and the existence of axions. There is also a possibility of testing Higgsplosion experimentally at future high energy experiments.
description: 29 pages, 7 figures
Using Markov Models and Statistics to Learn, Extract, Fuse, and Detect Patterns in Raw Data
Creators: name: Brooks, Richard R.
name: Yu, Lu
name: Fu, Yu
name: Cordone, Guthrie
name: Oakley, Jon
name: Zhong, Xingsi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many systems are partially stochastic in nature. We have derived data driven approaches for extracting stochastic state machines (Markov models) directly from observed data. This chapter provides an overview of our approach with numerous practical applications. We have used this approach for inferring shipping patterns, exploiting computer system side-channel information, and detecting botnet activities. For contrast, we include a related data-driven statistical inferencing approach that detects and localizes radiation sources.
description: Accepted by 2017 International Symposium on Sensor Networks, Systems and Security
Supplementary Methods and Results from Social contact patterns can buffer costs of forgetting in the evolution of cooperation
Creators: name: Stevens, Jeffrey R.
name: Woike, Jan K.
name: Lael J. Schooler
name: Lindner, Stefan
name: Pachur, Thorsten
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Analyses of the evolution of cooperation often rely on two simplifying assumptions: (i) individuals interact equally frequently with all social network members and (ii) they accurately remember each partner's past cooperation or defection. Here, we examine how more realistic, skewed patterns of contact—in which individuals interact primarily with only a subset of their network's members—influence cooperation. In addition, we test whether skewed contact patterns can counteract the decrease in cooperation caused by memory errors (i.e. forgetting). Finally, we compare two types of memory error that vary in whether forgotten interactions are replaced with random actions or with actions from previous encounters. We use evolutionary simulations of repeated prisoner's dilemma games that vary agents' contact patterns, forgetting rates and types of memory error. We find that highly skewed contact patterns foster cooperation and also buffer the detrimental effects of forgetting. The type of memory error used also influences cooperation rates. Our findings reveal previously neglected but important roles of contact patterns, type of memory error and the interaction of contact pattern and memory on cooperation. Although cognitive limitations may constrain the evolution of cooperation, social contact patterns can counteract some of these constraints.
M Dwarf rotation from the ${\it K2}$ young clusters to the field. I. A Mass-Rotation Correlation at 10 Myr
Creators: name: Somers, Garrett
name: Stauffer, John
name: Rebull, Luisa
name: Cody, Ann Marie
name: Pinsonneault, Marc H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations of the low-mass rotation distributions of the Pleiades and Praesepe clusters have revealed a ubiquitous correlation between mass and rotation, such that late M dwarfs rotate an order-of-magnitude faster than early M dwarfs. In this paper, we demonstrate that this mass-rotation correlation is present in the 10 Myr Upper Scorpius association, as revealed by new ${\it K2}$ rotation measurements. Using rotational evolution models we show that the low-mass ($0.1-0.6 M_{\odot}$) rotation distribution of the 125 Myr Pleiades cluster can only be produced if it hosted an equally strong mass-rotation correlation at 10 Myr. This suggests that physical processes important in the early pre-main sequence (star formation, accretion, disk-locking) are primarily responsible for the M dwarf rotation morphology, and not quirks of later angular momentum evolution. Such early mass trends must be taken into account when constructing initial conditions for future studies of stellar rotation. Finally, we show that the average M star loses $\sim 25-40$% of its angular momentum between 10 and 125 Myr, a figure accurately and generically predicted by modern solar-calibrated wind models. Their success rules out a lossless pre-main sequence, and validates the extrapolation of magnetic wind laws designed for solar-type stars to the low-mass regime at early times.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures, Accepted to AAS Journals. Comments welcome!
Classical threshold behaviour in a 1+1-dimensional model for double ionization in strong fields
Creators: name: Eckhardt, Bruno
name: Sacha, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Building on insights about the classical pathways to double ionization in strong laser fields we here propose a 1+1-dimensional model that captures essentials of the 3-d potential landscape and allows efficient studies of the process in reduced dimensions. The reduction to one degree of freedom for each electron is obtained by confining their motion to lines at an angle of pi/6 with respect to the field axis; the justification for this choice is that upon variation of the electric field the Stark saddles move along the same lines. In this way we obtain a low-dimensional representation in which symmetric electron escape is possible. As a demonstration of the advantages of this model we confirm numerically the equivalent of the Wannier threshold behaviour for constant electric field and identify several classes of trajectories that can contribute to the ionization process.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Three-fluid Hydrodynamics-based Event Simulator Extended by UrQMD final State interactions (THESEUS) for FAIR-NICA-SPS-BES/RHIC energies
Creators: name: Batyuk, P.
name: Blaschke, D.
name: Bleicher, M.
name: Ivanov, Yu. B.
name: Karpenko, Iu.
name: Malinina, L.
name: Merts, S.
name: Nahrgang, M.
name: Petersen, H.
name: Rogachevsky, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new event generator based on the three-fluid hydrodynamics (3FH) approach, followed by a particlization at the hydrodynamic decoupling surface and a subsequent UrQMD afterburner stage based on the microscopic UrQMD transport model that accounts for hadronic final state interactions. First results for Au+Au collisions are presented. The following topics are addressed: the directed flow, transverse-mass spectra, as well as rapidity distributions of protons, pions and kaons for two model equations of state, one with a first-order phase transition, the other with a crossover transition. Preliminary results on the femtoscopy are also discussed. We analyze the accuracy of reproduction of the 3FH results by the new event generator and the effect of the subsequent UrQMD afterburner stage.
description: 12 pp., 9 figs. Proceedings of 6th Int. Conf. on New Frontiers in Physics (ICNFP 2017), August 17-26, 2017, Kolymbari, Crete, Greece
The Lopsidedness of Satellite Galaxy Systems in $Λ$CDM simulations
Creators: name: Pawlowski, Marcel S.
name: Ibata, Rodrigo A.
name: Bullock, James S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spatial distribution of satellite galaxies around pairs of galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) have been found to bulge significantly towards the respective partner. Highly anisotropic, planar distributions of satellite galaxies are in conflict with expectations derived from cosmological simulations. Does the lopsided distribution of satellite systems around host galaxy pairs constitute a similar challenge to the standard model of cosmology? We investigate whether such satellite distributions are present around stacked pairs of hosts extracted from the $Λ$CDM simulations Millennium-I, Millennium-II, ELVIS, and Illustris-1. By utilizing this set of simulations covering different volumes, resolutions, and physics, we implicitly test whether a lopsided signal exists for different ranges of satellite galaxy masses, and whether the inclusion of hydrodynamical effects produces significantly different results. All simulations display a lopsidedness similar to the observed situation. The signal is highly significant for simulations containing a sufficient number of hosts and resolved satellite galaxies (up to $5\,σ$ for Millennium-II). We find a projected signal that is up to twice as strong as that reported for the SDSS systems for certain opening angles ($\sim16\%$ more satellites in the direction between the pair than expected for uniform distributions). Considering that the SDSS signal is a lower limit owing to likely back- and foreground contamination, the $Λ$CDM simulations appear to be consistent with this particular empirical property of galaxy pairs.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in ApJ
Additional file 5 of Multi-omics data integration reveals novel drug targets in hepatocellular carcinoma
Creators: name: Dimitrakopoulos, Christos
name: Hindupur, Sravanth Kumar
name: Colombi, Marco
name: Liko, Dritan
name: Ng, Charlotte K. Y.
name: Piscuoglio, Salvatore
name: Behr, Jonas
name: Moore, Ariane L.
name: Singer, Jochen
name: Ruscheweyh, Hans-Joachim
name: Matter, Matthias S.
name: Mossmann, Dirk
name: Terracciano, Luigi M.
name: Hall, Michael N.
name: Beerenwinkel, Niko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 5: Figure S5. Original western blots full length images of the images shown in Figures 5A and C.
What Makes the Sun Tick? - The Origin of the Solar Cycle
Creators: name: Petrovay, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In contrast to the situation with the geodynamo, no breakthrough has been made in the solar dynamo problem for decades. Since the appearance of mean-field electrodynamics in the 1960's, the only really significant advance was in the field of flux tube theory and flux emergence calculations. These new results, together with helioseismic evidence, have led to the realization that the toroidal magnetic flux giving rise to activity phenomena must be stored and presumably generated below the convection zone proper, in what I will call the DOT (Dynamo-Overshoot-Tachoclyne) layer. The only segment of the problem we can claim to basically understand is the transport of flux from this layer to the surface. On the other hand, as reliable models for the DOT layer do not exist we are clueless concerning the precise mechanisms responsible for toroidal/poloidal flux conversion and for characteristic migration patterns (extended butterfly diagram) and periodicities. Even the most basic result of mean-field theory, the interpretation of the butterfly diagram as an alpha-omega dynamo wave, has been questioned. This review therefore will necessarily ask more questions than give answers. Some of these key questions are - Structure of the DOT layer - alpha-quenching and distributed dynamo - High-latitude migration patterns and their interpretation - The ultimate fate of emerged flux
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Evolution of Nanowire Transmons and Their Quantum Coherence in Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Luthi, F.
name: Stavenga, T.
name: Enzing, O. W.
name: Bruno, A.
name: Dickel, C.
name: Langford, N. K.
name: Rol, M. A.
name: Jespersen, T. S.
name: Nygard, J.
name: Krogstrup, P.
name: DiCarlo, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an experimental study of nanowire transmons at zero and applied in-plane magnetic field. With Josephson non-linearities provided by the nanowires, our qubits operate at higher magnetic fields than standard transmons. Nanowire transmons exhibit coherence up to 70 mT, where the induced superconducting gap in the nanowire closes. We demonstrate that on-chip charge noise coupling to the Josephson energy plays a dominant role in the qubit dephasing. This takes the form of strongly-coupled two-level systems switching on 100 ms timescales and a more weakly coupled background producing $1/f$ noise. Several observations, including the field dependence of qubit energy relaxation and dephasing, are not fully understood, inviting further experimental investigation and theory. Using nanowires with a thinner superconducting shell will enable operation of these circuits up to 0.5 T, a regime relevant for topological quantum computation.
Supplementary Information R2 from The rise of the ruling reptiles and ecosystem recovery from the Permian-Triassic mass extinction
Creators: name: Ezcurra, Martín D.
name: Butler, Richard J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: One of the key faunal transitions in Earth history occurred after the Permo-Triassic mass extinction (ca 252.2 Ma), when the previously obscure archosauromorphs (which include crocodylians, dinosaurs and birds) become the dominant terrestrial vertebrates. Here, we place all known middle Permian–early Late Triassic archosauromorph species into an explicit phylogenetic context, and quantify biodiversity change through this interval. Our results indicate the following sequence of diversification: a morphologically conservative and globally distributed post-extinction ‘disaster fauna’; a major but cryptic and poorly sampled phylogenetic diversification with significantly elevated evolutionary rates; and a marked increase in species counts, abundance, and disparity contemporaneous with global ecosystem stabilization some 5 million years after the extinction. This multiphase event transformed global ecosystems, with far-reaching consequences for Mesozoic and modern faunas.
title: 01_0260
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
EB-GLS: An Improved Guided Local Search Based on the Big Valley Structure
Creators: name: Shi, Jialong
name: Zhang, Qingfu
name: Tsang, Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Local search is a basic building block in memetic algorithms. Guided Local Search (GLS) can improve the efficiency of local search. By changing the guide function, GLS guides a local search to escape from locally optimal solutions and find better solutions. The key component of GLS is its penalizing mechanism which determines which feature is selected to penalize when the search is trapped in a locally optimal solution. The original GLS penalizing mechanism only makes use of the cost and the current penalty value of each feature. It is well known that many combinatorial optimization problems have a big valley structure, i.e., the better a solution is, the more the chance it is closer to a globally optimal solution. This paper proposes to use big valley structure assumption to improve the GLS penalizing mechanism. An improved GLS algorithm called Elite Biased GLS (EB-GLS) is proposed. EB-GLS records and maintains an elite solution as an estimate of the globally optimal solutions, and reduces the chance of penalizing the features in this solution. We have systematically tested the proposed algorithm on the symmetric traveling salesman problem. Experimental results show that EB-GLS is significantly better than GLS.
Experimental observation of quantum entanglement in low dimensional spin systems
Creators: name: Rappoport, T. G.
name: Ghivelder, L.
name: Fernandes, J. C.
name: Guimaraes, R. B.
name: Continentino, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report macroscopic magnetic measurements carried out in order to detect and characterize field-induced quantum entanglement in low dimensional spin systems. We analyze the pyroborate MgMnB_2O_5 and the and the warwickite MgTiOBO_3, systems with spin 5/2 and 1/2 respectively. By using the magnetic susceptibility as an entanglement witness we are able to quantify entanglement as a function of temperature and magnetic field. In addition, we experimentally distinguish for the first time a random singlet phase from a Griffiths phase. This analysis opens the possibility of a more detailed characterization of low dimensional materials.
Selection Effects on the Orbital Period Distribution of Low Mass Black Hole X-ray Binaries
Creators: name: Arur, K.
name: Maccarone, T. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the lack of observed low mass black hole binary systems at short periods ( < 4 hours) by comparing the observed orbital period distribution of 17 confirmed low mass Black hole X-ray Binaries (BHXBs) with their implied period distribution after correcting for the effects of extinction of the optical counterpart, absorption of the X-ray outburst and the probability of detecting a source in outburst. We also draw samples from two simple orbital period distributions and compare the simulated and observed orbital period distributions. We predict that there are >200 and <3000 binaries in the Galaxy with periods between 2 and 3 hours, with an additional ~600 objects between 3 and 10 hours
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
ПРОГНОЗИРОВАНИЕ ВОЛАТИЛЬНОСТИ КУРСА ВАЛЮТ МЕТОДОМ КОМИТЕТОВ
Creators: name: Чернавин Николай Павлович
Publisher: name: Вестник Челябинского государственного университета
Year: 2019
Subjects: метод комитетов
валютный рынок
волатильность курса валют
USD/RUB
машинное обучение
метод опорных векторов

description: Рассматриваются проблемы применения метода комитетов для прогнозирования роста волатильности валютного курса USD/RUB. Метод комитетов является методом классификации данных за счет построения группы линейных классификаторов, способных совместно учитывать нелинейные зависимости в данных. В рамках исследования использовалась единая модель комитета на основе решения задач частично-целочисленного программирования. Для построения и тестирования моделей использовались биржевые данные с сырьевых и валютных рынков за период с апреля 2009 г. по июнь 2019 г., в которых были выделены для исследования недельные периоды с наличием и отсутствием последующего роста волатильности курса USD/RUB. Применение комитетных моделей позволило получить решающее правило, в рамках которого были верно спрогнозированы все наиболее сильные моменты роста волатильности курса USD/RUB за 2018—2019 гг.
Flows for rectangular matrix models
Creators: name: Lafrance, Rene
name: Myers, Robert C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several new results on the multicritical behavior of rectangular matrix models are presented. We calculate the free energy in the saddle point approximation, and show that at the triple-scaling point, the result is the same as that derived from the recursion formulae. In the triple-scaling limit, we obtain the string equation and a flow equation for arbitrary multicritical points. Parametric solutions are also examined for the limit of almost-square matrix models. This limit is shown to provide an explicit matrix model realization of the scaling equations proposed to describe open-closed string theory.
description: 13 pages, LaTeX, McGill/93-21
Additional file 1 of 10 years of CEMARA database in the AnDDI-Rares network: a unique resource facilitating research and epidemiology in developmental disorders in France
Creators: name: Messiaen, Claude
name: Racine, Caroline
name: Khatim, Ahlem
name: Soussand, Louis
name: Odent, Sylvie
name: Lacombe, Didier
name: Manouvrier, Sylvie
name: Edery, Patrick
name: Sigaudy, Sabine
name: Geneviève, David
name: Thauvin-Robinet, Christel
name: Pasquier, Laurent
name: Petit, Florence
name: Rossi, Massimiliano
name: Willems, Marjolaine
name: Attié-Bitach, Tania
name: Roux-Levy, Pierre-Henry
name: Demougeot, Laurent
name: Slama, Lilia Ben
name: Landais, Paul
name: Jannot, Anne-Sophie
name: Binquet, Christine
name: Sandrin, Arnaud
name: Verloes, Alain
name: Faivre, Laurence
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. The minimum data set of the CEMARA database. Table S2. The twenty most frequent groups of diseases, with their ORPHA code, number seen in the AnDDI-Rares network, number in CEMARA (differential number seen by reference centers of other networks)
ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКИМ КАПИТАЛОМ НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ РЕГИОНА В УСЛОВИЯХ ЦИФРОВОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ
Creators: name: Петкова Тамара Алексеевна
Publisher: name: Вестник Челябинского государственного университета
Year: 2019
Subjects: человеческий капитал
цифровая экономика
рынок труда
инвестиции
конкурентоспособность
высокопроизводительное рабочее место

description: Одним из перспективных направлений исследований является вопрос о влиянии человеческого капитала на качество управления в организации. Значимость такого подхода возрастает в условиях перехода территориальных систем к цифровой экономике. В статье показывается, что в этих условиях резко возрастают требования к кадрам, предполагающие необходимость вложений в образование, здоровье и переподготовку работников. Это обеспечивает постоянный рост числа высокопроизводительных рабочих мест. Такая кадровая политика является залогом успешного инновационного развития организации и территории. Примером сотрудничества местных властей и бизнеса в этом направлении стала цифровая платформа «Умный город», внедряемая в Екатеринбурге
The multiphase circumgalactic medium traced by low metal ions in EAGLE zoom simulations
Creators: name: Oppenheimer, Benjamin D.
name: Schaye, Joop
name: Crain, Robert A.
name: Werk, Jessica K.
name: Richings, Alexander J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the circumgalactic metal content traced by commonly observed low ion absorbers, including C II, Si II, Si III, Si IV, and Mg II. We use a set of cosmological hydrodynamical zoom simulations run with the EAGLE model and including a non-equilibrium ionization and cooling module that follows 136 ions. The simulations of z~0.2 L* (M_200=10^11.7-10^12.3 Msol) haloes hosting star-forming galaxies and group-sized (M_200=10^12.7-10^13.3 Msol) haloes hosting mainly passive galaxies reproduce key trends observed by the COS-Halos survey-- low ion column densities show 1) little dependence on galaxy specific star formation rate, 2) a patchy covering fraction indicative of 10^4 K clouds with a small volume filling factor, and 3) a declining covering fraction as impact parameter increases from 20-160 kpc. Simulated Si II, Si III, Si IV, C II, and C III column densities show good agreement with observations, while Mg II is under-predicted. Low ions trace a significant metal reservoir, ~10^8 Msol, residing primarily at 10-100 kpc from star-forming and passive central galaxies. These clouds tend to flow inwards and most will accrete onto the central galaxy within the next several Gyr, while a small fraction are entrained in strong outflows. A two-phase structure describes the inner CGM (<0.5 R_200) with low-ion metal clouds surrounded by a hot, ambient medium. This cool phase is separate from the O VI observed by COS-Halos, which arises from the outer CGM (>0.5 R_200) tracing virial temperature gas around L* galaxies. Physical parameters derived from standard photo-ionization modelling of observed column densities (e.g. aligned Si II/Si III absorbers) are validated against our simulations. Our simulations therefore support previous ionization models indicating that cloud covering factors decline while densities and pressures show little variation with increasing impact parameter.
description: 26 pages, 19 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Electron Heating in Low Mach Number Perpendicular shocks. I. Heating Mechanism
Creators: name: Guo, Xinyi
name: Sironi, Lorenzo
name: Narayan, Ramesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent X-ray observations of merger shocks in galaxy clusters have shown that the post-shock plasma is two-temperature, with the protons hotter than the electrons. By means of two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations, we study the physics of electron irreversible heating in perpendicular low Mach number shocks, for a representative case with sonic Mach number of 3 and plasma beta of 16. We find that two basic ingredients are needed for electron entropy production: (i) an electron temperature anisotropy, induced by field amplification coupled to adiabatic invariance; and (ii) a mechanism to break the electron adiabatic invariance itself. In shocks, field amplification occurs at two major sites: at the shock ramp, where density compression leads to an increase of the frozen-in field; and farther downstream, where the shock-driven proton temperature anisotropy generates strong proton cyclotron and mirror modes. The electron temperature anisotropy induced by field amplification exceeds the threshold of the electron whistler instability. The growth of whistler waves breaks the electron adiabatic invariance, and allows for efficient entropy production. We find that the electron heating efficiency displays only a weak dependence on mass ratio (less than 30 percent drop, as we increase the mass ratio from 49 up to 1600). We develop an analytical model of electron irreversible heating and show that it is in excellent agreement with our simulation results.
description: 23 pages, 15 figures, 2 appendices, submitted to ApJ
The Wisconsin H-Alpha Mapper Northern Sky Survey
Creators: name: Haffner, L. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Wisconsin H-Alpha Mapper (WHAM) has completed a survey in Balmer Alpha of the entire Northern sky above declination -30 deg. This survey provides the first calibrated, velocity-resolved map of the H-Alpha emission from the Galaxy. With one-degree spatial resolution, 12 km s^{-1} velocity resolution, and sensitivity to features as faint as 0.1 R (EM ~ 0.2 cm^{-6} pc), this survey provides the deepest maps of the ionized content of the Galaxy to date. In addition to probing the detailed kinematic structure of the Warm Ionized Medium and the vertical structure of the ionized content in spiral arms, initial results include the discovery of several faint, extended (d > 1°) H II regions and the first map of the ionized component of an intermediate velocity cloud.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures; preseneted at the Fourth Tetons Conference: Galactic Structure, Stars, and the Interstellar Medium, to be published in ASP Conf. Series; for more information and slightly higher quality figures see http://www.astro.wisc.edu/wham/
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО ПОВЕДЕНИЯ ПОТРЕБИТЕЛЕЙ АДДИКТИВНЫХ ТОВАРОВ
Creators: name: Попова Лариса Витальевна
name: Скоков Роман Юрьевич
Publisher: name: Вестник Челябинского государственного университета
Year: 2019
Subjects: аддиктивные товары
потребительское поведение
государственное регулирование
человеческий капитал

description: Статья посвящена анализу особенностей экономического поведения потребителей аддиктивных товаров для повышения эффективности государственного регулирования соответствующих рынков: увеличение предельной полезности потребления аддиктивных товаров по мере роста их потребления в прошлом; низкая эластичность спроса по доходу и цене; нулевая полезность для полностью зависимого потребителя иных товаров, кроме аддиктивных; по мере развития привыкания разнообразные предпочтения потребителей изменяются в пользу аддиктивных и в пределах ограниченного промежутка времени могут рассматриваться как стабильные; с развитием привыкания утрата связи уровня потребления аддиктивных товаров с бюджетным ограничением и покрытие дефицита из криминальных источников. Злоупотребление аддиктивными товарами характеризуется наличием обратной связи между изменением прибыльности человеческого капитала и издержками потребителя. В практике государственного регулирования рынков аддиктивных товаров важно учитывать: дифференцированное применение методов и средств сокращения спроса в зависимости от степени привыкания потребителей; инвестиции в снижение деградации человеческого капитала от потребления аддиктивных товаров являются фактором, способствующим экономическому росту; наиболее эффективным способом оптимизации потребления аддиктивных товаров является сочетание экономических и неэкономических регуляторов спроса.
Characterization of essential oil recovered from fennel horticultural wastes
Creators: name: Cautela, Domenico
name: Vella, Filomena Monica
name: Castaldo, Domenico
name: Laratta, Bruna
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Fennel crop has been traditionally used as spice in cooking and fragrances, and in folk medicine for its spectrum of useful properties. Mediterranean is the elective natural cultivation area for this plant with Italy being a leader producer. A limit of this production is due to the high amount of wastes derived still rich of phytochemicals, which are usually underused. Hence, the extraction and characterization of essential oil from residues of fennel horticultural market was investigated to understand the potential profit of their recycling. Forty-eight compounds resulted for fennel oil waste, analysed by GC-FID-MS, with the most abundant among components was anethole. Other constituents contributing to fennel flavour were the monoterpenes limonene and nerol. The exploitation of this oil as a good source of bioactive compounds was assessed by means of its antioxidant power measured with DPPH test.
Physical Conditions in Ultra Fast Outflows in AGN
Creators: name: Kraemer, S. B.
name: Tombesi, F.
name: Bottorff, M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: XMM-Newton and Suzaku spectra of AGN have revealed highly ionized gas, in the form of absorption lines from H-like and He-like Fe. Some of these absorbers, "Ultra Fast Outflows (UFOs)", have radial velocities of up to 0.25c. We have undertaken a detailed photo-ionization study of high-ionization Fe absorbers, both UFOs and non-UFOs, in a sample of AGN observed by XMM-Newton. We find that the heating and cooling processes in UFOs are Compton-dominated, unlike the non-UFOs. Both types are characterized by Force Multipliers on the order of unity, which suggests that they cannot be radiatively accelerated in sub-Eddington AGN, unless they were much less ionized at their point of origin. However, such highly ionized gas can be accelerated via a Magneto-Hydrodynamic (MHD) wind. We explore this possibility by applying a cold MHD flow model to the UFO in the well-studied Seyfert galaxy, NGC 4151. We find that the UFO can be accelerated along magnetic streamlines anchored in the accretion disk. In the process, we have been able to constrain the magnetic field strength and the magnetic pressure in the UFO and have determined that the system is not in magnetic/gravitational equipartition.Open questions include the variability of the UFOs and the apparent lack of non-UFOs in UFO sources.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
A general scaling relation for the critical current density in Nb3Sn
Creators: name: Godeke, A
name: Haken, B ten
name: Kate, H H J ten
name: Larbalestier, D C
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the scaling relations for the critical current density (Jc) in Nb3Sn wires and include recent findings on the variation of the upper critical field (Hc2) with temperature (T) and A15 composition. We highlight deficiencies in the Summers/Ekin relations, which are not able to account for the correct Jc(T) dependence. Available Jc(H) results indicate that the magnetic field dependence for all wires can be described with Kramer's flux shear model, if non-linearities in Kramer plots are attributed to A15 inhomogeneities. The strain (eps) dependence is introduced through a temperature and strain dependent Hc2*(T,eps) and Ginzburg- Landau parameter kappa1(T,eps) and a strain dependent critical temperature Tc(eps). This is more consistent than the usual Ekin unification, which uses two separate and different dependencies on Hc2*(T) and Hc2*(eps). Using a correct temperature dependence and accounting for the A15 inhomogeneities leads to a remarkable simple relation for Jc(H,T,eps). Finally, a new relation for s(eps) is proposed, based on the first, second and third strain invariants.
description: Accepted Topical Review for Superconductor, Science and Technology