cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Characterization of P. falciparum dipeptidyl aminopeptidase 3 specificity identifies differences in amino acid preferences between peptide-based substrates and covalent inhibitors.
Creators: name: Vries, Laura E De
name: Sanchez, Mateo I
name: Groborz, Katarzyna
name: Kuppens, Laurie
name: Poreba, Marcin
name: Lehmann, Christine
name: Neysa Nevins
name: Withers-Martinez, Chrislaine
name: Hirst, David J
name: Yuan, Fang
name: Arastu-Kapur, Shirin
name: Horn, Martin
name: Mares, Michael
name: Bogyo, Matthew
name: Drag, Marcin
name: Deu, Edgar
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2020
Subjects: Model organisms
Biochemistry & Proteomics
Infectious Disease
Cell Biology
Computational & Systems Biology

description: Malarial dipeptidyl aminopeptidases (DPAPs) are cysteine proteases important for parasite development thus making them attractive drug targets. In order to develop inhibitors specific to the parasite enzymes it is necessary to map the determinants of substrate specificity of the parasite enzymes and its mammalian homologue cathepsin C (CatC). Here, we screened peptide-based libraries of substrates and covalent inhibitors to characterize the differences in specificity between parasite DPAPs and CatC, and used this information to develop highly selective DPAP1 and DPAP3 inhibitors. Interestingly, while the primary amino acid specificity of a protease is often used to develop potent inhibitors, we show that equally potent and highly specific inhibitors can be developed based on the sequences of non-optimal peptide substrates. Finally, our homology modelling and docking studies provide potential structural explanations of the differences in specificity between DPAP1, DPAP3, and CatC, and between substrates and inhibitors in the case of DPAP3. Overall, this study illustrates that focusing the development of protease inhibitors solely on substrate specificity might overlook important structural features that can be exploited to develop highly potent and selective compounds. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
INTEGRAL observations of the cosmic X-ray background in the 5-100 keV range via occultation by the Earth
Creators: name: Churazov, E.
name: Sunyaev, R.
name: Revnivtsev, M.
name: Sazonov, S.
name: Molkov, S.
name: Grebenev, S.
name: Winkler, C.
name: Parmar, A.
name: Bazzano, A.
name: Falanga, M.
name: Gros, A.
name: Lebrun, F.
name: Natalucci, L.
name: Ubertini, P.
name: Roques, J. -P.
name: Bouchet, L.
name: Jourdain, E.
name: Knoedlseder, J.
name: Diehl, R.
name: Budtz-Jorgensen, C.
name: Brandt, S.
name: Lund, N.
name: Westergaard, N. J.
name: Neronov, A.
name: Turler, M.
name: Chernyakova, M.
name: Walter, R.
name: Produit, N.
name: Mowlavi, N.
name: Mas-Hesse, J. M.
name: Domingo, A.
name: Gehrels, N.
name: Kuulkers, E.
name: Kretschmar, P.
name: Schmidt, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spectrum of the cosmic X-ray background (CXB) in energy range $\sim$5-100 keV. Early in 2006 the INTEGRAL observatory performed a series of four 30ksec observations with the Earth disk crossing the field of view of the instruments. The modulation of the aperture flux due to occultation of extragalactic objects by the Earth disk was used to obtain the spectrum of the Cosmic X-ray Background(CXB). Various sources of contamination were evaluated, including compact sources, Galactic Ridge emission, CXB reflection by the Earth atmosphere, cosmic ray induced emission by the Earth atmosphere and the Earth auroral emission. The spectrum of the cosmic X-ray background in the energy band 5-100 keV is obtained. The shape of the spectrum is consistent with that obtained previously by the HEAO-1 observatory, while the normalization is $\sim$10% higher. This difference in normalization can (at least partly) be traced to the different assumptions on the absolute flux from the Crab Nebulae. The increase relative to the earlier adopted value of the absolute flux of the CXB near the energy of maximum luminosity (20-50 keV) has direct implications for the energy release of supermassive black holes in the Universe and their growth at the epoch of the CXB origin.
description: A&A, 14 pages, 12 figues
Multiband Dual Fermion Approach to Quantum Criticality in the Hubbard Honeycomb Lattice
Creators: name: Hirschmeier, Daniel
name: Hafermann, Hartmut
name: Lichtenstein, Alexander I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Hubbard model on the honeycomb lattice in the vicinity of the quantum critical point by means of a multiband formulation of the Dual Fermion approach. Beyond the strong local correlations of the dynamical mean field, critical fluctuations on all length scales are included by means of a ladder diagram summation. Analysis of the susceptibility yields an estimate of the critical interaction strength of the quantum phase transition from a paramagnetic semimetal to an antiferromagnetic insulator, in good agreement to other numerical methods. We further estimate the crossover temperature to the renormalized classical regime. Our data imply that, at large interaction strengths, the Hubbard model on the honeycomb lattice behaves like a quantum nonlinear sigma model, while being in a non-Fermi liquid state.
description: - changed the last sentence in the abstract - rewrote Sec. II.A - added references 11,18 and 29 - changed styles in Fig.4, Fig.5 and Fig.6 to improve coherence - revised Fig.7 promoted insets to individual panels and added polynomial extrapolation of the self-energy data - Rewrote Sec. III.B. - Rewrote parts of the appendix - added Refs. 19-21
Comparative immunopeptidomics of humans and their pathogens.
Creators: name: Istrail, Sorin
name: Florea, Liliana
name: Halldórsson, Bjarni V.
name: Kohlbacher, Oliver
name: Schwartz, Russell
name: Von Bing  Yap
name: Yewdell, Jonathan W.
name: Hoffman, Stephen L
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Major histocompatibility complex class I molecules present peptides of 8-10 residues to CD8+ T cells. We used 19 predicted proteomes to determine the influence of CD8+ T cell immune surveillance on protein evolution in humans and microbial pathogens by predicting immunopeptidomes, i.e., sets of class I binding peptides present in proteomes. We find that class I peptide binding specificities (i) have had little, if any, influence on the evolution of immunopeptidomes and (ii) do not take advantage of biases in amino acid distribution in proteins other than the concentration of hydrophobic residues in NH(2)-terminal leader sequences.
Selaginella denticulata Spring 1838
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Lycopodiopsida
Selaginellales
Selaginellaceae
Selaginella
Selaginella denticulata

description: Lycopodium denticulatum Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 2: 1106. 1753.
"Habitat in Lusitania, Hispania, Iberia." RCN: 7978.
Type not designated.
 Original material: Löfling s.n. , Herb. Linn. No. 1257.24 (LINN); Herb. Linn. No. 1257.25 (LINN); [icon] in Dillenius, Hist. Musc.: 462, t. 66, f. 1 A. 1741; [icon] in Clusius, Rar. Pl. Hist. 2: 249. 1601.
 Current name: Selaginella denticulata (L.) Spring (Selaginellaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part L), pp. 610-650 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 647, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
QCD parameters and SM-high precisions from e+e- to Hadrons
Creators: name: Narison, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the PDG 22 compilation of the $e^+e^-\to$ Hadrons $\oplus$ the recent CMD3 data for the pion form factor and the value of gluon condensate $<α_s G^2>$ from heavy quarkonia, we extract the value of the four-quark condensate : $ρα_s<\barψψ>^2= (5.98\pm 0.64)\times 10^{-4}$ GeV$^6$ and the dimension eight condensate: $d_8= (4.3\pm 3.0)\times 10^{-2}$ GeV$^8$from the ratio ${\cal R}_{10}$ of Laplace sum rules to order $α_s^4$. We show the inconsistency in using at the same time the standard SVZ value of the gluon and the vacuum saturation of the four-quark condensates. Using the previous values of the four-quark and $d_8$ condensates, we re-extract $<α_s G^2>$ from ${\cal R}_{10}$ to be: $(6.12\pm 0.61)\times 10^{-2}$ GeV$^4$ in perfect agreement with the one from heavy quarkonia. We also use the lowest $τ$-like decay moment ${\cal R}_τ^{ee}$ to extract the value of the QCD coupling $α_s(M^2_τ)$=0.3385(145)[resp. 0.3262(86)] (mean of fixed order (FO) and Contour Improved (CI) PT series) to order $α_s^4$ [resp. $α_s^5$] and the standard OPE. The corresponding value of the sum of the non-perturbative contribution is: $δ_{NP}(M_τ)=(3.74\pm 0.40)\times 10^{-2}$. Reciprocally, using $α_s(M_τ)$, $<α_s G^2>$ and $d_8$ as inputs, we test the stability of the value of the four-quark condensate obtained from the lowest $τ$-like moment. We complete our analysis by updating our previous determinations of the lowest order hadronic vacuum polarization contributions to the lepton anomalies and to $α(M^2_Z)$. We obtain in Table 2 : $a_μ\vert^{hvp}_{l.o}= (7036.5\pm 38.9)\times10^{-11}, a_τ\vert^{hvp}_{l.o}= (3494.8\pm 24.7)\times10^{-9} $ and $α(M^2_Z)=(2766.3\pm 4.5)\times 10^{-5}$. This new value of $a_μ$ leads to: $Δa_μ\equiv a_μ^{exp}-a_μ^{th} = (142\pm 42_{th}\pm 41_{exp})\times 10^{-11}$.
description: Latex files, 37 pages, 19 figures, 3 Tables. Updated results are reported in the Added Notes at the end of the manuscript
Generalizations of Agol's inequality and nonexistence of tight laminations
Creators: name: Kuessner, Thilo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R30

description: We give a general lower bound for the normal Gromov norm of genuine laminations in terms of the topology of the complementary regions. In the special case of 3-manifolds, this yields a generalization of Agol's inequality from incompressible surfaces to tight laminations. In particular, the inequality excludes the existence of tight laminations with nonempty guts on 3-manifolds of small simplicial volume.
description: 69 pages
An ultra-stretchable fiber sensor with high linearity and durability via thermal drawing
Creators: name: Fu, Shengkang
name: Cheng, Xiaxia
name: Liu, Jiawei
name: Tao, Chengliang
name: Xie, Xin
name: Chen, Guangchuan
name: Hou, Yanfeng
name: Wang, Jiangxin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biochemistry
Space Science
Medicine
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Computational Biology

description: With the fast-evolving landscape of flexible and wearable electronics, functional fibers for withstanding high strains in smart wearables, soft robotics, and health monitoring systems are under increasing demands. We report ultra-stretchable and conductive fibers with a thermal drawing process, controlled and engineered for precise motion sensing. This approach enables uniform fibers with microcavities, facilitating scalable production of elastic and functional fibers through a simple fabrication process. Integrating liquid metal (Eutectic Gallium-Indium-Tin alloys) into the elastic fiber yielded a device with a high gauge factor (GF) of 0.91, remarkable linearity (R2 = 0.999), rapid response time (100 ms), and low hysteresis (<3%) up to 1000% strain. The SFCSS could be readily integrated into textiles, such as gloves and clothing, enabling detection of a wide range of human motions, including static sensing of finger motion, knee posture and dynamic activities of standing, sitting, squatting, walking, and running. Additionally, the SFCSS demonstrated effectiveness in measuring boundary-lengths of irregular objects, supporting applications in soft robotics. The ultra-stretchable capacitive strain sensor developed in this work provides a new approach to enable wearable electronics and smart textiles for the upcoming era of interactive human-machine interfaces and digital healthcare.
Memorandum Regarding Bundy's Questions
Creators: name: United States. Department Of State
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1965
Subjects: Box 232 Folder 4
Box 232 Folder 04
Yugoslavia -- Politics and government -- 1945-1980
Yugoslavia -- Foreign relations -- 1945-1980 -- Soviet Union

description: Memorandum from Mann to Bundy addressing his points of inquiry including congressional clearance, impact on balance of payments, and deferring impact.
Spectroscopy of very hot plasma in non-flaring parts of a solar limb active region: spatial and temporal properties
Creators: name: Parenti, Susanna
name: del Zanna, Giulio
name: Petralia, Antonino
name: Reale, Fabio
name: Teriaca, Luca
name: Testa, Paola
name: Mason, Helen E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we investigate the thermal structure of an off-limb active region in various non-flaring areas, as it provides key information on the way these structures are heated. In particular, we concentrate in the very hot component (>3 MK) as it is a crucial element to discriminate between different heating mechanisms. We present an analysis using Fe and Ca emission lines from both SOHO/SUMER and HINODE/EIS. A dataset covering all ionization stages from Fe X to Fe XIX has been used for the thermal analysis (both DEM and EM). Ca XIV is used for the SUMER-EIS radiometric cross-calibration. We show how the very hot plasma is present and persistent almost everywhere in the core of the limb AR. The off-limb AR is clearly structured in Fe XVIII. Almost everywhere, the EM analysis reveals plasma at 10 MK (visible in Fe XIX emission) which is down to 0.1% of EM of the main 3 MK plasma. We estimate the power law index of the hot tail of the EM to be between -8.5 and -4.4. However, we leave an open question on the possible existence of a small minor peak at around 10 MK. The absence in some part of the AR of Fe XIX and Fe XXIII lines (which fall into our spectral range) enables us to determine an upper limit on the EM at such temperatures. Our results include a new Ca XIV 943.59 Å~ atomic model.
Quasi-Coxeter algebras, Dynkin diagram cohomology and quantum Weyl groups
Creators: name: Toledano-Laredo, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The author, and independently De Concini, conjectured that the monodromy of the Casimir connection of a simple Lie algebra g is described by the quantum Weyl group operators of the quantum group U_h(g). The aim of this paper, and of its sequel [TL4], is to prove this conjecture. The proof relies upon the use of quasi-Coxeter algebras, which are to generalised braid groups what Drinfeld's quasitriangular quasibialgebras are to the Artin braid groups B_n. Using an appropriate deformation cohomology, we reduce the conjecture to the existence of a quasi-Coxeter, quasitriangular quasibialgebra structure on the enveloping algebra Ug which interpolates between the quasi-Coxeter structure underlying the Casimir connection and the quasitriangular quasibialgebra underlying the KZ equations. The existence of this structure will be proved in [TL4].
description: Final version. Coproduct axiom for quasi Coxeter quasi triangular quasi bialgebra in Section 6.9 changed to an equivalent form to better fit examples. Abstract shortened to comply with IMRP editorial policy. A few typos corrected
Influences of Ga3+ doping content on microstructure and interfacial polarization in colossal permittivity GayNb0.025Ti0.975-yO2 ceramics
Creators: name: Tuichai, Wattana
name: Phromviyo, Nutthakritta
name: Chankhunthod, Navadecho
name: Srepusharawoot, Pornjuk
name: Thongbai, Prasit
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Colossal permittivity (CP) materials, particularly co–doped TiO2 ceramics, have garnered significant attention for their potential in high–performance ceramic capacitors. However, understanding the origin of CP remains a challenge, with the role of doping ratios between acceptor and donor ions largely underexplored. This study addresses this gap by systematically investigating the effects of Ga3+ concentrations on the microstructure and CP of GayNb0.025Ti0.975-yO2, prepared via the solid–state reaction method. The sintered ceramics exhibited a dense rutile TiO2 phase with increasing grain sizes and oxygen vacancies. Notably, CP values as high as 105 were achieved at Ga3+/Nb5+ ratio < 1.0. Optimal dielectric properties were observed at Ga3+/Nb5+ = 1.0, yielding a CP of 6.4 × 104 and a loss tangent < 0.03, surpassing the performance of many existing CP materials. Impedance spectroscopy revealed distinct electrical heterogeneity, with conductive grains and highly resistive grain boundaries with activation energies > 1.0 eV. Ceramics with 5% Ga3+ doping showed diminished CP due to the absence of semiconducting grains. The findings suggest that CP originates from the internal barrier layer capacitor. This study not only elucidates the crucial role of doping ratios in tailoring CP but also establishes a pathway for developing advanced dielectric materials with superior performance for ceramic capacitors.
Computing diffusivities from particle models out of equilibrium
Creators: name: Embacher, Peter
name: Dirr, Nicolas
name: Zimmer, Johannes
name: Reina, Celia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new method is proposed to numerically extract the diffusivity of a (typically nonlinear) diffusion equation from underlying stochastic particle systems. The proposed strategy requires the system to be in local equilibrium and have Gaussian fluctuations but is otherwise allowed to undergo arbitrary out of equilibrium evolutions. This could be potentially relevant for particle data obtained from experimental applications. The key idea underlying the method is that finite, yet large, particle systems formally obey stochastic partial differential equations of gradient flow type satisfying a fluctuation-dissipation relation. The strategy is here applied to three classic particle models, namely independent random walkers, a zero range process and a symmetric simple exclusion process in one space dimension, to allow the comparison with analytic solutions.
Letter Regarding Sensitive Source
Creators: name: United States. Department Of Justice
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1964
Subjects: Box 232 Folder 5
Box 232 Folder 05
Yugoslavia -- Politics and government -- 1945-1980
Yugoslavia -- Foreign relations -- 1945-1980 -- Soviet Union

description: Letter from Hoover to Moyers referencing sensitive source and sensitive information.
Memorandum Regarding Cvijeto Job
Creators: name: United States. Department Of State
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1964
Subjects: Box 232 Folder 6
Box 232 Folder 06
Yugoslavia -- Politics and government -- 1945-1980
Yugoslavia -- Foreign relations -- 1945-1980 -- Soviet Union

description: Memorandum of conversation concerning exchanges between Klein and Job, Yugoslav Press Attache, and how they have become monotonous on topics concerning relations, Africa, and rhetoric.
Investigations on T violation and CPT symmetry in the neutral kaon system -- a pedagogical approach --
Creators: name: Fidecaro, Maria
name: Gerber, Hans-Juerg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During the recent years experiments with neutral kaons have yielded remarkably sensitive results which are pertinent to such fundamental phenomena as CPT invariance (protecting causality), time-reversal invariance violation, coherence of wave functions, and entanglement of kaons in pair states. We describe the phenomenological developments and the theoretical conclusions drawn from the experimental material. An outlook to future experimentation is indicated.
description: 41 pages, 9 figures. See arXiv:hep-ph/0603075 for an enlarged version
Point-particle method to compute diffusion-limited cellular uptake
Creators: name: Sozza, A.
name: Piazza, F.
name: Cencini, M.
name: De Lillo, F.
name: Boffetta, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an efficient point-particle approach to simulate reaction-diffusion processes of spherical absorbing particles in the diffusion-limited regime, as simple models of cellular uptake. The exact solution for a single absorber is used to calibrate the method, linking the numerical parameters to the physical particle radius and uptake rate. We study configurations of multiple absorbers of increasing complexity to examine the performance of the method, by comparing our simulations with available exact analytical or numerical results. We demonstrate the potentiality of the method in resolving the complex diffusive interactions, here quantified by the Sherwood number, measuring the uptake rate in terms of that of isolated absorbers. We implement the method in a pseudo-spectral solver that can be generalized to include fluid motion and fluid-particle interactions. As a test case of the presence of a flow, we consider the uptake rate by a particle in a linear shear flow. Overall, our method represents a powerful and flexible computational tool that can be employed to investigate many complex situations in biology, chemistry and related sciences.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures
MPEC 2024-U159 : 2024 UT4
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 UT4

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Comparative genomic analysis of ten Streptococcus pneumoniae temperate bacteriophages.
Creators: name: Romero, Patricia
name: Croucher, Nicholas J.
name: Hiller, Natalia
name: Hu, Fen Z.
name: Ehrlich, Garth D.
name: Bentley, Stephen D.
name: García, Ernesto
name: Mitchell, Tim J.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important human pathogen that often carries temperate bacteriophages. As part of a program to characterize the genetic makeup of prophages associated with clinical strains and to assess the potential roles that they play in the biology and pathogenesis in their host, we performed comparative genomic analysis of 10 temperate pneumococcal phages. All of the genomes are organized into five major gene clusters: lysogeny, replication, packaging, morphogenesis, and lysis clusters. All of the phage particles observed showed a Siphoviridae morphology. The only genes that are well conserved in all the genomes studied are those involved in the integration and the lysis of the host in addition to two genes, of unknown function, within the replication module. We observed that a high percentage of the open reading frames contained no similarities to any sequences catalogued in public databases; however, genes that were homologous to known phage virulence genes, including the pblB gene of Streptococcus mitis and the vapE gene of Dichelobacter nodosus, were also identified. Interestingly, bioinformatic tools showed the presence of a toxin-antitoxin system in the phage phiSpn_6, and this represents the first time that an addition system in a pneumophage has been identified. Collectively, the temperate pneumophages contain a diverse set of genes with various levels of similarity among them.
Red-edge position of habitable exoplanets around M-dwarfs
Creators: name: Takizawa, Kenji
name: Minagawa, Jun
name: Tamura, Motohide
name: Kusakabe, Nobuhiko
name: Narita, Norio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the possible signs of life on distant habitable exoplanets is the red-edge, which is a rise in the reflectivity of planets between visible and near-infrared (NIR) wavelengths. Previous studies suggested the possibility that the red-edge position for habitable exoplanets around M-dwarfs may be shifted to a longer wavelength than that for Earth. We investigated plausible red-edge position in terms of the light environment during the course of the evolution of phototrophs. We show that phototrophs on M-dwarf habitable exoplanets may use visible light when they first evolve in the ocean and when they first colonize the land. The adaptive evolution of oxygenic photosynthesis may eventually also use NIR radiation, by one of two photochemical reaction centers, with the other center continuing to use visible light. These "two-color" reaction centers can absorb more photons, but they will encounter difficulty in adapting to drastically changing light conditions at the boundary between land and water. NIR photosynthesis can be more productive on land, though its evolution would be preceded by the Earth-type vegetation. Thus, the red-edge position caused by photosynthetic organisms on habitable M-dwarf exoplanets could initially be similar to that on Earth and later move to a longer wavelength.
description: Published in Scientific Reports, open access version is available from https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-07948-5
Lysimachia vulgaris Linnaeus 1753
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Ericales
Primulaceae
Lysimachia
Lysimachia vulgaris

description: Lysimachia vulgaris Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 146. 1753.
"Habitat in Europa ad ripas & paludes." RCN: 1170.
 Lectotype (Nasir in Nasir & Ali, Fl. Pakistan 157: 84. 1984): Herb. Linn. No. 207.1 (LINN).
 Generitype of Lysimachia Linnaeus (vide Hitchcock, Prop. Brit. Bot.: 129. 1929).
 Current name: Lysimachia vulgaris L. (Primulaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part L), pp. 610-650 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 649, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Memorandum Regarding Greece
Creators: name: United States. Department Of State
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1967
Subjects: Box 232 Folder 9
Box 232 Folder 09
Yugoslavia -- Politics and government -- 1945-1980
Yugoslavia -- Foreign relations -- 1945-1980 -- Soviet Union

description: Memorandum of conversation detailing exchanges between Rostow and Crnobrnja concerning views on Greece.
Breaking Discrete Symmetries in Broken Gauge Theories
Creators: name: Appelquist, Thomas
name: Bai, Yang
name: Piai, Maurizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spontaneous breaking of discrete symmetries in theories with broken gauge symmetry. The intended application is to CP breaking in theories with gauged flavor symmetries, but the analysis described here is preliminary. We dispense with matter fields and take the gauge theory to be weakly coupled and broken spontaneously by unspecified, short-distance forces. We develop an effective-field-theory description of the resultant low energy theory, and ask whether this theory by itself can describe the subsequent breaking of discrete symmetries. We conclude that this can happen depending on the parameters of the effective theory, and that the intrinsic violation is naturally of order unity.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure, corrected typos, added a reference
Memorandum Regarding Ambassador Elbrick
Creators: name: United States. Department Of State
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1968
Subjects: Box 232 Folder 10
Yugoslavia -- Politics and government -- 1945-1980
Yugoslavia -- Foreign relations -- 1945-1980 -- Soviet Union

description: Memorandum for the President concerning call by Ambassador Elbrick pertaining to attitudes of Yugoslavia's leaders, Czech invasion, and future Soviet moves.
title: ADCO, Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 0244
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire

description: Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 0244, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 0244, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
Chemo-Dynamical Clustering applied to APOGEE data: Re-Discovering Globular Clusters
Creators: name: Chen, Boquan
name: D'Onghia, Elena
name: Pardy, Stephen A.
name: Pasquali, Anna
name: Motta, Clio Bertelli
name: Hanlon, Bret
name: Grebel, Eva K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a novel technique based on a clustering algorithm which searches for kinematically- and chemically-clustered stars in the APOGEE DR12 Cannon data. As compared to classical chemical tagging, the kinematic information included in our methodology allows us to identify stars that are members of known globular clusters with greater confidence. We apply our algorithm to the entire APOGEE catalog of 150,615 stars whose chemical abundances are derived by the Cannon. Our methodology found anti-correlations between the elements Al and Mg, Na and O, and C and N previously identified in the optical spectra in globular clusters, even though we omit these elements in our algorithm. Our algorithm identifies globular clusters without a priori knowledge of their locations in the sky. Thus, not only does this technique promise to discover new globular clusters, but it also allows us to identify candidate streams of kinematically- and chemically-clustered stars in the Milky Way.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in the ApJ. Comments welcome. Information about the code can be found at: https://donghiagroup.github.io/SNN_Tagging/
Comparative genomic analyses of seventeen Streptococcus pneumoniae strains: insights into the pneumococcal supragenome.
Creators: name: Hiller, Natalia
name: Janto, Benjamin A.
name: Hogg, Justin
name: Boissy, Robert
name: Yu, Susan
name: Powell, Evan
name: Keefe, Randy
name: Ehrlich, Nathan E.
name: Shen, Kai
name: Hayes, Jay D.
name: Barbadora, Karen
name: Klimke, William
name: Dernovoy, Dmitry
name: Tatusova, Tatiana
name: Parkhill, Julian
name: Bentley, Stephen D.
name: J. Christopher  Post
name: Ehrlich, Garth D.
name: Hu, Fen Z.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The distributed-genome hypothesis (DGH) states that pathogenic bacteria possess a supragenome that is much larger than the genome of any single bacterium and that these pathogens utilize genetic recombination and a large, noncore set of genes as a means of diversity generation. We sequenced the genomes of eight nasopharyngeal strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from pediatric patients with upper respiratory symptoms and performed quantitative genomic analyses among these and nine publicly available pneumococcal strains. Coding sequences from all strains were grouped into 3,170 orthologous gene clusters, of which 1,454 (46%) were conserved among all 17 strains. The majority of the gene clusters, 1,716 (54%), were not found in all strains. Genic differences per strain pair ranged from 35 to 629 orthologous clusters, with each strain's genome containing between 21 and 32% noncore genes. The distribution of the orthologous clusters per genome for the 17 strains was entered into the finite-supragenome model, which predicted that (i) the S. pneumoniae supragenome contains more than 5,000 orthologous clusters and (ii) 99% of the orthologous clusters ( approximately 3,000) that are represented in the S. pneumoniae population at frequencies of >or=0.1 can be identified if 33 representative genomes are sequenced. These extensive genic diversity data support the DGH and provide a basis for understanding the great differences in clinical phenotype associated with various pneumococcal strains. When these findings are taken together with previous studies that demonstrated the presence of a supragenome for Streptococcus agalactiae and Haemophilus influenzae, it appears that the possession of a distributed genome is a common host interaction strategy.
Using Solar Orbiter as an upstream solar wind monitor for real time space weather predictions
Creators: name: Laker, R.
name: Horbury, T. S.
name: O'Brien, H.
name: Fauchon-Jones, E. J.
name: Angelini, V.
name: Fargette, N.
name: Amerstorfer, T.
name: Bauer, M.
name: Möstl, C.
name: Davies, E. E.
name: Davies, J. A.
name: Harrison, R.
name: Barnes, D.
name: Dumbović, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) can create significant disruption to human activities and systems on Earth, much of which can be mitigated with prior warning of the upstream solar wind conditions. However, it is currently extremely challenging to accurately predict the arrival time and internal structure of a CME from coronagraph images alone. In this study, we take advantage of a rare opportunity to use Solar Orbiter, at 0.5\,AU upstream of Earth, as an upstream solar wind monitor. We were able to use real time science quality magnetic field measurements, taken only 12 minutes earlier, to predict the arrival time of a CME prior to reaching Earth. We used measurements at Solar Orbiter to constrain an ensemble of simulation runs from the ELEvoHI model, reducing the uncertainty in arrival time from 10.4\,hours to 2.5\,hours. There was also an excellent agreement in the $B_z$ profile between Solar Orbiter and Wind spacecraft, despite being separated by 0.5\,AU and 10$^{\circ}$ longitude. Therefore, we show that it is possible to predict not only the arrival time of a CME, but the sub-structure of the magnetic field within it, over a day in advance. The opportunity to use Solar Orbiter as an upstream solar wind monitor will repeat once a year, which should further help assess the efficacy upstream in-situ measurements in real time space weather forecasting.
Woodfordia fruticosa Kurz
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Myrtales
Lythraceae
Woodfordia
Woodfordia fruticosa

description: Lythrum fruticosum Linnaeus, Systema Naturae, ed. 10, 2: 1045. 1759.
["Habitat in China."] Sp. Pl., ed. 2, 1: 641 (1763). RCN: 3468.
 Lectotype (Dar in Nasir & Ali, Fl. W. Pakistan 78: 6. 1975): Herb. Linn. No. 626.4 (LINN).
 Current name: Woodfordia fruticosa (L.) Kurz (Lythraceae).
 Note: Dar gave the number of the type sheet as “62/4” (LINN), clearly a typographic error for 626.4, and accepted as such by authors such as Graham (in Syst. Bot. 20: 496, 498, 1995), and here.
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part L), pp. 610-650 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 649, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Hard X-ray emission of the Earth's atmosphere: Monte Carlo simulations
Creators: name: Sazonov, S.
name: Churazov, E.
name: Sunyaev, R.
name: Revnivtsev, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform Monte Carlo simulations of cosmic ray-induced hard X-ray radiation from the Earth's atmosphere. We find that the shape of the spectrum emergent from the atmosphere in the energy range 25-300 keV is mainly determined by Compton scatterings and photoabsorption, and is almost insensitive to the incident cosmic-ray spectrum. We provide a fitting formula for the hard X-ray surface brightness of the atmosphere as would be measured by a satellite-born instrument, as a function of energy, solar modulation level, geomagnetic cutoff rigidity and zenith angle. A recent measurement by the INTEGRAL observatory of the atmospheric hard X-ray flux during the occultation of the cosmic X-ray background by the Earth agrees with our prediction within 10%. This suggests that Earth observations could be used for in-orbit calibration of future hard X-ray telescopes. We also demonstrate that the hard X-ray spectra generated by cosmic rays in the crusts of the Moon, Mars and Mercury should be significantly different from that emitted by the Earth's atmosphere.
description: 12 pages, 16 figures, MNRAS accepted
Cuphea parsonsia Steud.
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Myrtales
Lythraceae
Cuphea
Cuphea parsonsia

description: Lythrum parsonsia Linnaeus, Systema Naturae, ed. 10, 2: 1045. 1759.
["Habitat in Jamaica."] Sp. Pl., ed. 2, 1: 641 (1762). RCN: 3472.
 Lectotype (Fawcett & Rendle, Fl. Jamaica 5: 293. 1926): Browne, Herb. Linn. No. 626.8 (LINN).
 Current name: Cuphea parsonsia (L.) R. Br. ex Steud. (Lythraceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part L), pp. 610-650 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 649, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Structure and reactions of pentaquark baryons
Creators: name: Hosaka, Atsushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the current status of the exotic pentaquark baryons. After a brief look at experiments of both positive and negative results, we discuss theoretical methods to study the structure and reactions for the pentaquarks. First we introduce the quark model and the chiral soliton model, where we discuss the relation of mass spectrum and parity with some emphasis on the role of chiral symmetry. It is always useful to picture the structure of the pentaquarks in terms of quarks. As for other methods, we discuss a model independent method, and briefly mention the results from the lattice and QCD sum rule. Decay properties are then studied in some detail, which is one of the important properties of Theta+. We investigate the relation between the decay width and the quark structure having certain spin-parity quantum numbers. Through these analyses, we consider as plausible quantum numbers of Theta+, JP = 3/2-. In the last part of this note, we discuss production reactions of Theta+ which provide links between the theoretical models and experimental information. We discuss photoproductions and hadron-induced reactions which are useful to explore the nature of Theta+
description: 20 pages, proceedings for the workshop on HADRON PHYSICS, March 7 - 17, (2005) Puri, India
Mapping the dominant regions of the phase space associated with $c \bar c$ production relevant for the Prompt Atmospheric Neutrino Flux
Creators: name: Goncalves, Victor P.
name: Maciula, Rafal
name: Pasechnik, Roman
name: Szczurek, Antoni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed mapping of the dominant kinematical domains contributing to the prompt atmospheric neutrino flux at high neutrino energies by studying its sensitivity to the cuts on several kinematical variables crucial for charm production in cosmic ray scattering in the atmosphere. This includes the maximal center-of-mass energy for proton-proton scattering, the longitudinal momentum fractions of partons in the projectile (cosmic ray) and target (nucleus of the atmosphere), the Feynman $x_F$ variable and the transverse momentum of charm quark/antiquark. We find that the production of neutrinos with energies larger than $E_ν >$ 10$^7$ GeV is particularly sensitive to the center-of-mass energies larger than the ones at the LHC and to the longitudinal momentum fractions in the projectile 10$^{-8}$ $< x
description: 11 pages, 9 figures
Comparative genomic analyses of 17 clinical isolates of Gardnerella vaginalis provide evidence of multiple genetically isolated clades consistent with subspeciation into genovars.
Creators: name: Ahmed, Azad
name: Earl, Joshua P.
name: Retchless, Adam
name: Hillier, Sharon L>
name: Rabe, Lorna K.
name: Cherpes, Thomas L.
name: Powell, Evan
name: Janto, Benjamin A.
name: Eutsey, Rory A.
name: Hiller, Natalia
name: Boissy, Robert
name: Dahlgren, Margaret E.
name: Hall, Barry G.
name: J. William  Costerton
name: J. Christopher  Post
name: Hu, Fen Z.
name: Ehrlich, Garth D.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Gardnerella vaginalis is associated with a spectrum of clinical conditions, suggesting high degrees of genetic heterogeneity among stains. Seventeen G. vaginalis isolates were subjected to a battery of comparative genomic analyses to determine their level of relatedness. For each measure, the degree of difference among the G. vaginalis strains was the highest observed among 23 pathogenic bacterial species for which at least eight genomes are available. Genome sizes ranged from 1.491 to 1.716 Mb; GC contents ranged from 41.18% to 43.40%; and the core genome, consisting of only 746 genes, makes up only 51.6% of each strain's genome on average and accounts for only 27% of the species supragenome. Neighbor-grouping analyses, using both distributed gene possession data and core gene allelic data, each identified two major sets of strains, each of which is composed of two groups. Each of the four groups has its own characteristic genome size, GC ratio, and greatly expanded core gene content, making the genomic diversity of each group within the range for other bacterial species. To test whether these 4 groups corresponded to genetically isolated clades, we inferred the phylogeny of each distributed gene that was present in at least two strains and absent in at least two strains; this analysis identified frequent homologous recombination within groups but not between groups or sets. G. vaginalis appears to include four nonrecombining groups/clades of organisms with distinct gene pools and genomic properties, which may confer distinct ecological properties. Consequently, it may be appropriate to treat these four groups as separate species.
Salicornia europaea Linnaeus 1753
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Caryophyllales
Amaranthaceae
Salicornia
Salicornia europaea

description: Salicornia herbacea (Linnaeus) Linnaeus, Species Plantarum, ed. 2, 1: 5. 1762.
"Habitat in Europae litoribus maritimis." RCN: 24.
 Basionym: Salicornia europaea L. var. herbacea L. (1753).
 Lectotype (Piirainen in Ann. Bot. Fenn. 28: 82. 1991): Herb. Linn. No. 10.1 (LINN).
 Current name:  Salicornia europaea  L. (Chenopodiaceae).
 Note: An illegitimate replacement name for S. europaea, as noted by Ball (in Feddes Repert. 69: 5. 1964) and López González (in Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 55: 469. 1997).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part S), pp. 806-877 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on pages 807-808, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971