cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Searching for Gravitational Radiation from Binary Black Hole MACHOs in the Galactic Halo
Creators: name: Brown, Duncan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory (LIGO) is one of a new generation of detectors of gravitational radiation. The existence of gravitational radiation was first predicted by Einstein in 1916, however gravitational waves have not yet been directly observed. One source of gravitation radiation is binary inspiral. Two compact bodies orbiting each other, such as a pair of black holes, lose energy to gravitational radiation. As the system loses energy the bodies spiral towards each other. This causes their orbital speed and the amount of gravitational radiation to increase, producing a characteristic ``chirp'' waveform in the LIGO sensitive band. In this thesis, matched filtering of LIGO science data is used to search for low mass binary systems in the halo of dark matter surrounding the Milky Way. Observations of gravitational microlensing events of stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud suggest that some fraction of the dark matter in the halo may be in the form of Massive Astrophysical Compact Halo Objects (MACHOs). It has been proposed that low mass black holes formed in the early universe may be a component of the MACHO population; some fraction of these black hole MACHOs will be in binary systems and detectable by LIGO. The inspiral from a MACHO binary composed of two 0.5 solar mass black holes enters the LIGO sensitive band around 40 Hz. The chirp signal increases in amplitude and frequency, sweeping through the sensitive band to 4400 Hz in 140 seconds. By using evidence from microlensing events and theoretical predictions of the population an upper limit is placed on the rate of black hole MACHO inspirals in the galactic halo.
description: 206 pages, 64 figures. Typos corrected in Eqs. (2.104), (2.108), (2.124) and (4.3)
Supplement S2.pdf
Creators: name: Pappelis, Konstantinos
name: Choritz, Lars
name: Nomdo M. Jansonius
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 111301 Ophthalmology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This file is supplementary material to:
Pappelis K, Choritz L, Jansonius NM. Microcirculatory model predicts blood flow and autoregulation range in the human retina: in vivo investigation with Laser Speckle Flowgraphy. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2020 Dec 1;319(6):H1253-1273
title: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF STRESS, TRAUMA, WELL-BEING, AND FUTURE ORIENTATION AMONG COMMUNITY COLLEGE STUDENTS
Creators: name: LeMaster, Melinda
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: FOS: Other social sciences
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: This study measured perceived stress, past trauma, well-being, and future orientation in a sample of community college students located in the Southeast United States. The sample included 412 participants (78%) female; 59% of student participants reported living in a rural community and 41% in a non-rural community. The mean age was 22 for 70% of participants, while 30% were over age 30. Framed by Family Stress Theory and Human Ecological Systems Theory, the study tested whether rural college students would report higher levels of stress, more past trauma, lower well-being and future orientation when compared with non-rural students. In addition, the same set of questions was tested by sex, first-generation college student status, ethnicity/race, and income. The study findings suggest that rurality has no association with stress, well-being, past trauma, or future hopes and fears. However, the evidence did show that SES or income was associated with stress, past trauma, and well-being. Low-income students reported more frustrations and higher behavioral as well as physiological reactions. They experienced more emotional abuse and neglect, sexual abuse, and higher physical abuse than their peers. They also had lower well-being and higher depression than higher income students. Being female and a first-generation college student also increased the likelihood of having higher stress and having experienced more past trauma.
description: © 2021 Melinda A. LeMaster
Colwelliaceae
Creators: name: 文定洋
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2023
Subjects: Genome sequencing and assembly
Multispecies
Environmental

description: Three different strains were isolated from the South China Sea, namely SQ149, SQ345 and S1-1. According to the 16S rRNA and genome phylogenetic tree results, they belong to two species of the same genus, where SQ345 and S1-1 aggregate to belong to one specie. SQ149 forms a separate branch and belongs to another species.
linemake: An Atomic and Molecular Line List Generator
Creators: name: Placco, Vinicius M.
name: Sneden, Christopher
name: Roederer, Ian U.
name: Lawler, James E.
name: Hartog, Elizabeth A. Den
name: Hejazi, Neda
name: Maas, Zachary
name: Bernath, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this research note, we present linemake, an open-source atomic and molecular line list generator. Rather than a replacement for a number of well-established atomic and molecular spectral databases, linemake aims to be a lightweight, easy-to-use tool to generate formatted and curated lists suitable for spectral synthesis work. We encourage users of linemake to understand the sources of their transition data and cite them as appropriate in published work. We provide the code, line database, and an extensive list of literature references in a GitHub repository (https://github.com/vmplacco/linemake), which will be updated regularly as new data become available.
description: 3 pages, 1 interactive figure (http://vmplacco.github.io/files/linemake_ptable.html)
Supplement S2.pdf
Creators: name: Pappelis, Konstantinos
name: Choritz, Lars
name: Nomdo M. Jansonius
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 111301 Ophthalmology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This file is supplementary material to:
Pappelis K, Choritz L, Jansonius NM. Microcirculatory model predicts blood flow and autoregulation range in the human retina: in vivo investigation with Laser Speckle Flowgraphy. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol (under review)
Implications for art education of strategies adopted by elementary school children during manipulation, recognition, and discrimination tasks
Creators: name: Bergland, Donald Lowell
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The purpose of this study was to discover the kinds of strategies and abilities revealed by elementary school children in response to tasks relating to visual structure and to determine whether the nature of those strategies and abilities would support or refute the assumption that perceptual learning and development are uniform, automatic, and universal. The study was conducted with twelve elementary school children ranging in ages from 6 to 13. It consisted of the presentation of computer-generated images which involved the subjects in manipulation, recognition, and discrimination tasks. Subjects responded verbally to the images and the questions posed by the researcher. These responses were documented on video tape and later transcribed for analysis. The nature of the subjects' responses comprised data relating to the kinds of strategies used in manipulating, recognizing, and concealing a given shape, and evidence of the ability to recognize given shapes and discriminate specific visual masking techniques. The study showed that perceptual learning and development may not be uniform, automatic, or universal. Some children responded with different abilities and strategies to visual tasks. Children with specific strategies and the ability to base those strategies on structural knowledge were most successful in recognition and discrimination tasks. Implications for the utilization of the findings by art educators, in creating and designing art programs are discussed.
The need for new techniques to identify the high-frequency MHD waves of an oscillating coronal loop
Creators: name: Allian, Farhad
name: Jain, Rekha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic arcades in the solar atmosphere, or coronal loops, are common structures known to host magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) waves and oscillations. Of particular interest are the observed properties of transverse loop oscillations, such as their frequency and mode of oscillation, which have received significant attention in recent years because of their seismological capability. Previous studies have relied on standard data analysis techniques, such as a fast Fourier transform (FFT) and wavelet transform (WT), to correctly extract periodicities and identify the MHD modes. However, how these methods can lead to artefacts requires investigation. We assess whether these two common spectral analysis techniques in coronal seismology can successfully identify high-frequency waves from an oscillating coronal loop. We examine extreme ultraviolet images of a coronal loop observed by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly in the 171 Åwaveband on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory. We perform a spectral analysis of the loop waveform and compare our observation with a basic simulation. The spectral FFT and WT power of the observed loop waveform is found to reveal a significant signal with frequency 2.67 mHz superposed onto the dominant mode of oscillation of the loop (1.33 mHz), that is, the second harmonic of the loop. The simulated data show that the second harmonic is completely artificial even though both of these methods identify this mode as a real signal. This artificial harmonic, and several higher modes, are shown to arise owing to the periodic but non-uniform brightness of the loop. We further illustrate that the reconstruction of the 2.67 mHz component in the presence of noise yields a false perception of oscillatory behaviour that does not otherwise exist. We suggest that additional techniques such as a forward model of a 3D coronal arcade are necessary to verify such high-frequency waves.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Service quality and the moderating effect of Shari’ah perception on client satisfaction: A comparison of Islamic and conventional microfinance in Pakistan
Creators: name: Khan, Sarah
name: Akhter, Waheed
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Microfinance is an emerging concept which is improving the socioeconomic status of customers. This study assesses customer satisfaction of clients of Islamic and conventional microfinance providers using a sample of 578 clients i.e. 289 from each side. Akhuwat and Kashf (Islamic microfinance) and RCDS and DAMEN (conventional microfinance) are selected. The correlation, regression, ANOVA, and interaction tests are used for testing the relationship of Shari’ah perception as moderator between service quality and client satisfaction. The results indicate that Shari’ah perception acts as a strong moderator in case of Islamic microfinance whereas it is a weak moderator in case of conventional microfinance. The study concludes that Shari’ah perception is playing a vital role in enhancing the customer satisfaction in Islamic microfinance. It has important implications for policy-makers and Islamic microfinance providers to design Shari’ah awareness programs to enhance the Shari’ah perception of low income population.
Magnetization oscillations induced by a spin-polarized current in a point-contact geometry: mode hopping and non-linear damping effects
Creators: name: Berkov, Dmitri V.
name: Gorn, Natalia L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study magnetization excitations induced in a thin extended film by a spin-polarized dc-current injected through a point contact in the current-perpendicular-to-plane (CPP) geometry. Using full-scale micromagnetic simulations, we demonstrate that in addition to the oscillations of the propagating wave type, there exist also two localized oscillation modes. The first localized mode has a relatively homogeneous magnetization structure of its kernel and corresponds to the so called 'bullet' predicted analytically by Slavin and Tiberkevich (Phys. Rev. Lett., 95 (2005) 237201). Magnetization pattern of the second localized mode kernel is highly inhomogeneous, leading to a much smaller power of magnetoresistance oscillations caused by this mode. We have also studied the influence of a non-linear damping for this system and have found the following main qualitative effects: (i) the appearance of frequency jumps within the existence region of the propagating wave mode and (ii) the narrowing of the current region where the 'bullet' mode exists, until this mode completely disappears for a sufficiently strong non-linear damping.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures, subm. to Phys. Rev. B; please send your questions/comments to the 1st author (mailto: db@innovent-jena.de)
Matching gluon scattering amplitudes and Wilson loops in off-shell regularization
Creators: name: Dorn, Harald
name: Wiesmann, Charlotte Grosse
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a regularization for light-like polygonal Wilson loops in ${\cal N}=4$ SYM, which matches them to the off-shell MHV gluon scattering amplitudes. Explicit calculations are performed for the 1-loop four gluon case. The off light cone extrapolation has to be based on the local supersymmetric Wilson loop. The observed matching concerns Feynman gauge. Furthermore, the leading infrared divergent term is shown to be gauge parameter independent on 1-loop level.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, typo corrected
Multifractal correlations of the local density of states in dirty superconducting films
Creators: name: Stosiek, Matthias
name: Evers, Ferdinand
name: Burmistrov, I. S.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: Mesoscopic fluctuations of the local density of states encode multifractal correlations in disorderedelectron systems. We study fluctuations of the local density of states in a superconducting state of weakly disordered films. We perform numerical computations in the framework of the disordered attractive Hubbard model on two-dimensional square lattices. Our numerical results are explained by an analytical theory. The numerical data and the theory together form a coherent picture of multifractal correlations of local density of states in weakly disordered superconducting films.
Probing QCD dynamics and the standard model with $D_{(s)} \to P^+ P^0 γ$ decays
Creators: name: Adolph, Nico
name: Hiller, Gudrun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute 10 radiative three-body decays of charged charmed mesons $D^+ \to P^+ P^0 γ$ and $D_s \to P^+ P^0 γ$, $P=π, K$, in leading order QCDF, HH$χ$PT and the soft photon approximation. We work out decay distributions and asymmetries in the standard model and with new physics in the electromagnetic dipole operators. The forward-backward asymmetry is suitable to probe the QCD frameworks, in particular the $s$-channel dependent weak annihilation contributions in QCDF against the markedly different resonance structure in HH$χ$PT. These studies can be performed with Cabibbo-favored modes $D_s \to π^+ π^0 γ$, $D^+ \to π^+ \overline{K}^0 γ$ and $D_s \to K^+ \overline{K}^0 γ$ with ${\cal{O}}(10^{-4}-10^{-3})$-level branching ratio, which are standard model-like and induced by different hadronic dynamics. Understanding of the latter can therefore be improved in a data-driven way and sharpens the interpretation of standard model tests. Singly Cabibbo-suppressed modes such as $ D^+ \to π^+ π^0 γ$, $D_s \to π^+ K^0 γ$, $D_s \to K^+ π^0 γ$ with branching ratios within $\sim 10^{-5}-10^{-4}$ are sensitive to new physics that can be signalled in the forward-backward asymmetry and in the CP-asymmetry of the rate, ideally in the Dalitz region but also in single differential distributions. Results complement those with neutral $D^0 \to PP γ$ decays.
description: 22 pages + appendix, 20 Figures
Enhancement of hydrogen production rate by high biomass concentrations of Thermotoga neapolitana
Creators: name: Dreschke, Gilbert
name: d'Ippolito, Giuliana
name: Panico, Antonio
name: Lens, Piet N.L.
name: Esposito, Giovanni
name: Fontana, Angelo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Hydrogen
Thermotoga neapolitana
Biomass concentration
Dark fermentation
Hyperthermophilic

description: The objective of this study was to enhance the hydrogen production rate of dark fermentation in batch operation. For the first time, the hyperthermophilic pure culture of Thermotoga neapolitana cf. Capnolactica was applied at elevated biomass concentrations. The increase of the initial biomass concentration from 0.46 to 1.74 g cell dry weight/L led to a general acceleration of the fermentation process, reducing the fermentation time of 5 g glucose/L down to 3 h with a lag phase of 0.4 h. The volumetric hydrogen production rate increased from 323 (±11) to 654 (±30) mL/L/h with a concomitant enhancement of the biomass growth and glucose consumption rate. The hydrogen yield of 2.45 (±0.09) mol H2/ mol glucose, the hydrogen concentration of 68% in the produced gas and the composition of the end products in the digestate, i.e. 62.3 (±2.5)% acetic acid, 23.5 (±2.9)% lactic acid and 2.3 (±0.1)% alanine, remained unaffected at increasing biomass concentrations.
The marginalization paradox and the formal Bayes' law
Creators: name: Wallstrom, Timothy C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62A01

description: It has recently been shown that the marginalization paradox (MP) can be resolved by interpreting improper inferences as probability limits. The key to the resolution is that probability limits need not satisfy the formal Bayes' law, which is used in the MP to deduce an inconsistency. In this paper, I explore the differences between probability limits and the more familiar pointwise limits, which do imply the formal Bayes' law, and show how these differences underlie some key differences in the interpretation of the MP.
description: Presented at Maxent 2007, Saratoga Springs, NY, July 2007
Unconditional jetting
Creators: name: Ganan-Calvo, Alfonso M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Capillary jetting of a fluid dispersed into another immiscible phase is usually limited by a critical Capillary number, a function of the Reynolds number and the fluid properties ratios. Critical conditions are set when the minimum spreading velocity of small perturbations $v^*_-$ along the jet (marginal stability velocity) is zero. Here we identify and describe parametrical regions of high technological relevance, where $v^*_- > 0$ and the jet flow is always supercritical independently of the dispersed liquid flow rate: within these relatively broad regions, the jet does not undergo the usual dripping-jetting transition, so that either the jet can be made arbitrarily thin (yielding droplets of any imaginably small size), or the issued flow rate can be made arbitrarily small. In this work, we provide illustrative analytical studies of asymptotic cases for both negligible and dominant inertia forces. In this latter case, requiring a non-zero jet surface velocity, axisymmetric perturbation waves ``surf'' downstream for all given wave numbers while the liquid bulk can remain static. In the former case (implying small Reynolds flow) we found that the jet profile small slope is limited by a critical value; different published experiments support our predictions.
description: Submitted first (24-August-2008) to Physics of Fluids, withdrawn from that journal on 6-April-2008, and submitted to Physical Review E the same day
Non-Boussinesq convection at low Prandtl numbers relevant to the Sun
Creators: name: Pandey, Ambrish
name: Schumacher, Jörg
name: Sreenivasan, Katepalli R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Convection in the Sun occurs at Rayleigh numbers, $Ra$, as high as $10^{22}$, molecular Prandtl numbers, $Pr$, as low as $10^{-6}$, under conditions that are far from satisfying the Oberbeck-Boussinesq (OB) idealization. The effects of these extreme circumstances on turbulent heat transport are unknown, and no comparable conditions exist on Earth. Our goal is to understand how these effects scale (since we cannot yet replicate the Sun's conditions faithfully). We study thermal convection by using direct numerical simulations, and determine the variation with respect to $Pr$, to values as low as $10^{-4}$, of the turbulent Prandtl number, $Pr_t$, which is the ratio of turbulent viscosity to thermal diffusivity. The simulations are primarily two-dimensional but we draw upon some three-dimensional results as well. We focus on non-Oberbeck-Boussinesq (NOB) conditions of a certain type, but also study OB convection for comparison. The OB simulations are performed in a rectangular box of aspect ratio 2 by varying $Pr$ from $O(10)$ to $10^{-4}$ at fixed Grashof number $Gr \equiv Ra/Pr = 10^9$. The NOB simulations are done in the same box by letting only the thermal diffusivity depend on the temperature. Here, the Rayleigh number is fixed at the top boundary while the mean $Pr$ varies in the bulk from 0.07 to $5 \times 10^{-4}$. The three-dimensional simulations are performed in a box of aspect ratio 25 at a fixed Rayleigh number of $10^5$, and $0.005 \leq Pr \leq 7$. The principal finding is that $Pr_t$ increases with decreasing $Pr$ in both OB and NOB convection: $Pr_t \sim Pr^{-0.3}$ for OB convection and $Pr_t \sim Pr^{-1}$ for the NOB case. The $Pr_t$-dependence for the NOB case especially suggests that convective flows in the astrophysical settings behave effectively as in high-Prandtl-number turbulence.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables
Speculative bubbles and crashes： Fundamentalists and positive‐feedback trading
Creators: name: Po-Keng Cheng
name: Kim, Young Shin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: In this paper, we develop and examine a simple interactive agent‐based model, where the distribution of returns generated from the model takes into account two stylized facts about financial markets： fat tails and volatility clustering. Our results indicate that the risk tolerance of fundamentalists and the relative funding rate of positive‐feedback traders versus fundamentalists are key factors determining the path of price fluctuations. Fundamentalists are more able to dominate the market when they are more willing than positive‐feedback traders to take risks. In addition, more crises occur as positive‐feedback traders face higher funding costs compared to fundamentalists. Our model suggests that fundamentalists cause heavier tails, and positive‐feedback traders cause the formation of speculative bubbles. Our model also indicates that traders’ attitudes toward risk vary across time and market. The generally low level of risk bearing by fundamentalists could explain the frequent occurrence of bubbles.
Helical edge and surface states in HgTe quantum wells and bulk insulators
Creators: name: Dai, Xi
name: Hughes, Taylor L.
name: Qi, Xiao-Liang
name: Fang, Zhong
name: Zhang, Shou-Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum spin Hall (QSH) effect is the property of a new state of matter which preserves time-reversal, has an energy gap in the bulk, but has topologically robust gapless states at the edge. Recently, it has been shown that HgTe quantum wells realize this novel effect. In this work, we start from realistic tight-binding models and demonstrate the existence of the helical edge states in HgTe quantum wells and calculate their physical properties. We also show that 3d HgTe is a topological insulator under uniaxial strain, and show that the surface states are described by single-component massless relativistic Dirac fermions in 2+1 dimensions. Experimental predictions are made based on the quantitative results obtained from realistic calculations.
description: 5 pages
A Custodial Symmetry for Muon g-2
Creators: name: Balkin, Reuven
name: Delaunay, Cedric
name: Geller, Michael
name: Kajomovitz, Enrique
name: Perez, Gilad
name: Shpilman, Yogev
name: Soreq, Yotam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the recent results on the muon anomalous magnetic moment in the context of new physics models with light scalars. We propose a model in which the one-loop contributions to g-2 of a scalar and a pseudoscalar naturally cancel in the massless limit due to the symmetry structure of the model. This model allows to interpolate between two possible interpretations. In the first interpretation, the results provide a strong evidence of the existence of new physics, dominated by the positive contribution of a CP-even scalar. In the second one, supported by the recent lattice result, the data provides a strong upper bound on new physics, specifically in the case of (negative) pseudoscalar contributions. We emphasize that tree-level signatures of the new degrees of freedom of the model are enhanced relative to conventional explanations of the discrepancy. As a result, this model can be tested in the near future with accelerator-based experiments and possibly also at the precision frontier.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures
Better Latent Spaces for Better Autoencoders
Creators: name: Dillon, Barry M.
name: Plehn, Tilman
name: Sauer, Christof
name: Sorrenson, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Autoencoders as tools behind anomaly searches at the LHC have the structural problem that they only work in one direction, extracting jets with higher complexity but not the other way around. To address this, we derive classifiers from the latent space of (variational) autoencoders, specifically in Gaussian mixture and Dirichlet latent spaces. In particular, the Dirichlet setup solves the problem and improves both the performance and the interpretability of the networks.
description: 25 pages
Klytemnestra in the Agamemnon of Aeschylus
Creators: name: Bowman, Laurel Marjorie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: In the last eighty years a great deal has been written about the character and symbolic significance of Klytemnestra in Aeschylus' trilogy, the Oresteia. These studies have contributed much that is useful to the understanding of Klytemnestra's character and her role in the trilogy. However, by concentrating on her position in the Oresteia, some aspects of her role in the first play (the Agamemnon), of which she is the protagonist, have been neglected because they are not absolutely relevant to the themes of the whole trilogy. Equally, the significance of some aspects of her character and role in the Agamemnon have frequently been blown out of proportion in that play simply because they become important later in the trilogy. This thesis attempts, by careful consideration of the text of the Agamemnon alone, to arrive at a balanced view of Klytemnestra 's character and role in that play. Her personal characteristics, and her relationship with the themes developed and images used in the Agamemnon, are discussed in the order in which they are revealed in the text. Appendix A traces the development of the Oresteia myth in literature and art before Aeschylus, and discusses the changes he made in the story as he received it. Appendix B analyses the arguments surrounding Klytemnestra' s stage movements in the Agamemnon, and suggests a sequence of entrances and exits which satisfies most of the points raised.
Continuous Gaussian Measurements of the Free Boson CFT: A model for Exactly Solvable and Detectable Measurement-Induced Dynamics
Creators: name: Minoguchi, Y.
name: Rabl, P.
name: Buchhold, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hybrid evolution protocols, composed of unitary dynamics and repeated, weak or projective measurements, give rise to new, intriguing quantum phenomena, including entanglement phase transitions and unconventional conformal invariance. Defying the complications imposed by the non-linear and stochastic nature of the measurement process, we introduce a scenario of measurement-induced many body evolution, which possesses an exact analytical solution: bosonic Gaussian measurements. The evolution features a competition between the continuous observation of linear boson operators and a free Hamiltonian, and it is characterized by a unique and exactly solvable covariance matrix. Within this framework, we then consider an elementary model for quantum criticality, the free boson conformal field theory, and investigate in which way criticality is modified under measurements. Depending on the measurement protocol, we distinguish three fundamental scenarios (a) enriched quantum criticality, characterized by a logarithmic entanglement growth with a floating prefactor, or the loss of criticality, indicated by an entanglement growth with either (b) an area-law or (c) a volume-law. For each scenario, we discuss the impact of imperfect measurements, which reduce the purity of the wavefunction and are equivalent to Markovian decoherence, and present a set of observables, e.g., real-space correlations, the relaxation time, and the entanglement structure, to classify the measurement-induced dynamics for both pure and mixed states. Finally, we present an experimental tomography scheme, which grants access to the density operator of the system by using the continuous measurement record only.
description: resubmission to scipost, comments welcome
Rabies Day Special: Bridging the Gap between Science and Safety
Creators: name: Sachin Kumar, Deepak Kumar
Publisher: name: Bio Vet Innovator Magazine
Year: 2024

description: In the twenty-first century, rabies remains one of the most feared and serious hazards to public health. Untreated sickness manifests as a progressive encephalomyelitis that is always fatal and is caused by neurotropic viruses of the genus lyssa virus. Rabies is a neglected zoonotic disease that affects much of the world, with many human deaths happening in Africa and Asia in children under the age of 15. Rabies is thought to be under-reported in many areas, owing to a lack of surveillance and laboratory infrastructure, which is exacerbated by cultural or societal stigmas. In the absence of good data on disease incidence, policymakers and public health experts tend to prioritize rabies less. A more complete worldwide estimate has been provided by updating and adding country-specific data from published research and online surveys to estimates of the burden that were previously based on models of the incidence of dog bites. Based on preliminary statistics, it is estimated that rabies causes approximately 60,000 deaths worldwide each year, more than any other zoonotic disease combined. Due of the high proportion of children among these deaths, rabies is thought to result in more than 2 million DALYs (disability-adjusted life years) lost annually, at a cost to the economy of more than $4 billion. Estimates of statistical life values have been utilized by other models to forecast the economic impact of rabies. These figures range from $1·8 to $2·2 million per human fatality; however, these figures do not account for livestock losses, post-exposure therapies, or the expense of immunization and diagnostic testing. It is estimated that the annual global expenses associated with canine rabies alone amount to tens of billions of dollars.
Adaptive Video Encoding For Different Video Codecs
Creators: name: Esakki, Gangadharan
name: Panayides, Andreas
name: Jatla, Venkatesh
name: Pattichis, Marios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: By 2022, we expect video traffic to reach 82% of the total internet traffic. Undoubtedly, the abundance of video-driven applications will likely lead internet video traffic percentage to a further increase in the near future, enabled by associate advances in video devices' capabilities. In response to this ever-growing demand, the Alliance for Open Media (AOM) and the Joint Video Experts Team (JVET) have demonstrated strong and renewed interest in developing new video codecs. In the fast-changing video codecs' landscape, there is thus, a genuine need to develop adaptive methods that can be universally applied to different codecs. In this study, we formulate video encoding as a multi-objective optimization process where video quality (as a function of VMAF and PSNR), bitrate demands, and encoding rate (in encoded frames per second) are jointly optimized, going beyond the standard video encoding approaches that focus on rate control targeting specific bandwidths. More specifically, we create a dense video encoding space (offline) and then employ regression to generate forward prediction models for each one of the afore-described optimization objectives, using only Pareto-optimal points. We demonstrate our adaptive video encoding approach that leverages the generated forward prediction models that qualify for real-time adaptation using different codecs (e.g., SVT-AV1 and x265) for a variety of video datasets and resolutions. To motivate our approach and establish the promise for future fast VVC encoders, we also perform a comparative performance evaluation using both subjective and objective metrics and report on bitrate savings among all possible pairs between VVC, SVT-AV1, x265, and VP9 codecs.
description: Video codecs, Video signal processing, Video coding, Video compression, Video quality, Video streaming, Adaptive video streaming, Versatile Video Coding, AV1, HEVC
Time-Distance analysis of the Emerging Active Region NOAA 10790
Creators: name: Zharkov, S.
name: Thompson, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the emergence of Active Region NOAA 10790 by means of time--distance helioseismology. Shallow regions of increased sound speed at the location of increased magnetic activity are observed, with regions becoming deeper at the locations of sunspot pores. We also see a long-lasting region of decreased sound speed located underneath the region of the flux emergence, possibly relating to a temperature perturbation due to magnetic quenching of eddy diffusivity, or to a dense flux tube. We detect and track an object in the subsurface layers of the Sun characterised by increased sound speed which could be related to emerging magnetic flux and thus obtain a provisional estimate of the speed of emergence of around $1 {\rm km s^{-1}}$.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, accepted Solar Physics
A Comparison of Indonesia E-Commerce Sentiment Analysis for Marketing Intelligence Effort
Creators: name: Alamsyah, Andry
name: Saviera, Fatma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The rapid growth of the e-commerce market in Indonesia, making various e-commerce companies appear and there has been high competition among them. Marketing intelligence is an important activity to measure competitive position. One element of marketing intelligence is to assess customer satisfaction. Many Indonesian customers express their sense of satisfaction or dissatisfaction towards the company through social media. Hence, using social media data provides a new practical way to measure marketing intelligence effort. This research performs sentiment analysis using the naive bayes classifier classification method with TF-IDF weighting. We compare the sentiments towards of top-3 e-commerce sites visited companies, are Bukalapak, Tokopedia, and Elevenia. We use Twitter data for sentiment analysis because it's faster, cheaper, and easier from both the customer and the researcher side. The purpose of this research is to find out how to process the huge customer sentiment Twitter to become useful information for the e-commerce company, and which of those top-3 e-commerce companies has the highest level of customer satisfaction. The experiment results show the method can be used to classify customer sentiments in social media Twitter automatically and Elevenia is the highest e-commerce with customer satisfaction.
Speculative bubbles and crashes: Fundamentalists and positive‐feedback trading
Creators: name: Po-Keng Cheng
name: Kim, Young Shin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: In this paper, we develop and examine a simple interactive agent‐based model, where the distribution of returns generated from the model takes into account two stylized facts about financial markets： fat tails and volatility clustering. Our results indicate that the risk tolerance of fundamentalists and the relative funding rate of positive‐feedback traders versus fundamentalists are key factors determining the path of price fluctuations. Fundamentalists are more able to dominate the market when they are more willing than positive‐feedback traders to take risks. In addition, more crises occur as positive‐feedback traders face higher funding costs compared to fundamentalists. Our model suggests that fundamentalists cause heavier tails, and positive‐feedback traders cause the formation of speculative bubbles. Our model also indicates that traders’ attitudes towards risk vary across time and market. The generally low level of risk bearing by fundamentalists could explain the frequent occurrence of bubbles.
title: Σύγχρονες εξελίξεις των παιδιών με ΔΕΠ-Υ και Ειδικές Μαθησιακές Δυσκολίες
title: Modern developments of children with ADHD and Special Learning Disabilities
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Γιαννίκη, Ειρήνη
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2021
Subjects: ΔΕΠΥ
Ειδικές Μαθησιακές Δυσκολίες

description: Στην παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία γίνεται αναφορά στον ορισμό της Διαταραχής Ελλειμματικής Προσοχής και Υπερκινητικότητας (ΔΕΠ-Υ) καθώς και των πρωτογενών χαρακτηριστικών της. Αναλύεται η έννοια της ΔΕΠ-Υ σε όλα τα στάδια ανάπτυξης του παιδιού. Συγκεκριμένα αναλύονται τα κυρίαρχα χαρακτηριστικά που εμφανίζονται από τη βρεφική ηλικία μέχρι και την ενήλικη ζωή. Γίνεται μία προσπάθεια εύρεσης των κύριων αιτιών εμφάνισής της καθώς επίσης της έγκαιρης διάγνωσης και αντιμετώπισής της. Στη συνέχεια, δίνεται ο ορισμός των μαθησιακών δυσκολιών και παρατίθενται τα γενικά χαρακτηριστικά των παιδιών με μαθησιακές δυσκολίες. Σημαντική θεωρείται η εύρεση της αιτιοπαθογένειας και η διάγνωση των μαθησιακών δυσκολιών. Γίνεται μία νύξη για την συνύπαρξη της ΔΕΠ-Υ με τις Ειδικές Μαθησιακές Δυσκολίες και ειδικότερα εξετάζεται η συννοσηρότητά της με τις μαθησιακές δυσκολίες, τη δυσλεξία και τις διαταραχές συμπεριφοράς. Τέλος, παρουσιάζεται ο επιπολασμός της ΔΕΠ-Υ στην Ελλάδα και παγκοσμίως, η φαρμακευτική παρέμβαση, η γονιδιακή προσέγγιση, οι βιοδείκτες, τα ψηφιακά εργαλεία καθώς και οι καινοτόμες παιδαγωγικές μέθοδοι που εφαρμόζονται σε περιπτώσεις παιδιών με ΔΕΠ-Υ.
The theory of the exponential differential equations of semiabelian varieties
Creators: name: Kirby, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03C60, 12H05, 03C30

description: The complete first order theories of the exponential differential equations of semiabelian varieties are given. It is shown that these theories also arises from an amalgamation-with-predimension construction in the style of Hrushovski. The theory includes necessary and sufficient conditions for a system of equations to have a solution. The necessary condition generalizes Ax's differential fields version of Schanuel's conjecture to semiabelian varieties. There is a purely algebraic corollary, the "Weak CIT" for semiabelian varieties, which concerns the intersections of algebraic subgroups with algebraic varieties.
description: 53 pages; v3: Substantial changes, including a completely new introduction
Particle linear theory on a self-gravitating perturbed cubic Bravais lattice
Creators: name: Marcos, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Discreteness effects are a source of uncontrolled systematic errors of N-body simulations, which are used to compute the evolution of a self-gravitating fluid. We have already developed the so-called "Particle Linear Theory" (PLT), which describes the evolution of the position of self-gravitating particles located on a perturbed simple cubic lattice. It is the discrete analogue of the well-known (Lagrangian) linear theory of a self-gravitating fluid. Comparing both theories permits to quantify precisely discreteness effects in the linear regime. It is useful to develop the PLT also for other perturbed lattices because they represent different discretizations of the same continuous system. In this paper we detail how to implement the PLT for perturbed cubic Bravais lattices (simple, body and face-centered) in a cubic simulation box. As an application, we will study the discreteness effects -- in the linear regime -- of N-body simulations for which initial conditions have been set-up using these different lattices.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures and 4 tables. Minor corrections to match published version
Controllo della forma di nano strutture metalliche disperse in polimero
Creators: name: Cardone, Giorgio
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2008

description: Questo lavoro di tesi approfondisce le modalità di sintesi di nanoparticelle ottenute per annealing termico in situ  di composti organometallici in polimero. Variando la scelta del polimero e definendo opportunamente i parametri di processo, tempo e temperatura è possibile manipolare la forma delle nanoparticelle, modulandone così le proprietà ottiche, elettrice, magnetiche.
Peculiar-velocity cosmology with Types Ia and II supernovae
Creators: name: Stahl, Benjamin E.
name: de Jaeger, Thomas
name: Boruah, Supranta S.
name: Zheng, WeiKang
name: Filippenko, Alexei V.
name: Hudson, Michael J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the Democratic Samples of Supernovae (DSS), a compilation of 775 low-redshift Type Ia and II supernovae (SNe Ia & II), of which 137 SN Ia distances are derived via the newly developed snapshot distance method. Using the objects in the DSS as tracers of the peculiar-velocity field, we compare against the corresponding reconstruction from the 2M++ galaxy redshift survey. Our analysis -- which takes special care to properly weight each DSS subcatalogue and cross-calibrate the relative distance scales between them -- results in a measurement of the cosmological parameter combination $fσ_8 = 0.390_{-0.022}^{+0.022}$ as well as an external bulk flow velocity of $195_{-23}^{+22}$ km s$^{-1}$ in the direction $(\ell, b) = (292_{-7}^{+7}, -6_{-4}^{+5})$ deg, which originates from beyond the 2M++ reconstruction. Similarly, we find a bulk flow of $245_{-31}^{+32}$ km s$^{-1}$ toward $(\ell, b) = (294_{-7}^{+7}, 3_{-5}^{+6})$ deg on a scale of $\sim 30 h^{-1}$ Mpc if we ignore the reconstructed peculiar-velocity field altogether. Our constraint on $fσ_8$ -- the tightest derived from SNe to date (considering only statistical error bars), and the only one to utilise SNe II -- is broadly consistent with other results from the literature. We intend for our data accumulation and treatment techniques to become the prototype for future studies that will exploit the unprecedented data volume from upcoming wide-field surveys.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Weak first order transition in the three-dimensional site-diluted Ising antiferromagnet in a magnetic field
Creators: name: Maiorano, A.
name: Martín-Mayor, V.
name: Ruiz-Lorenzo, J. J.
name: Tarancón, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform intensive numerical simulations of the three-dimensional site-diluted Ising antiferromagnet in a magnetic field at high values of the external applied field. Even if data for small lattice sizes are compatible with second-order criticality, the critical behavior of the system shows a crossover from second-order to first-order behavior for large system sizes, where signals of latent heat appear. We propose "apparent" critical exponents for the dependence of some observables with the lattice size for a generic (disordered) first-order phase transition.
description: Final version, accepted for publication