cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A 100 au-Wide Bipolar Rotating Shell Emanating From The HH 212Protostellar Disk: A Disk Wind?
Creators: name: Lee, Chin-Fei
name: Li, Zhi-Yun
name: Codella, Claudio
name: Ho, Paul T.
name: Podio, Linda
name: Hirano, Naomi
name: Shang, Hsien
name: Turner, Neal J.
name: Zhang, Qizhou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: HH 212 is a Class 0 protostellar system found to host a "hamburger"-shaped dusty disk with a rotating disk atmosphere and a collimated SiO jet at a distance of ~ 400 pc. Recently, a compact rotating outflow has been detected in SO and SO2 toward the center along the jet axis at ~ 52 au (0.13") resolution. Here we resolve the compact outflow into a small-scale wide-opening rotating outflow shell and a collimated jet, with the observations in the same S-bearing molecules at ~ 16 au (0.04") resolution. The collimated jet is aligned with the SiO jet, tracing the shock interactions in the jet. The wide-opening outflow shell is seen extending out from the inner disk around the SiO jet and has a width of ~ 100 au. It is not only expanding away from the center, but also rotating around the jet axis. The specific angular momentum of the outflow shell is ~ 40 au km/s. Simple modeling of the observed kinematics suggests that the rotating outflow shell can trace either a disk wind or disk material pushed away by an unseen wind from the inner disk or protostar. We also resolve the disk atmosphere in the same S-bearing molecules, confirming the Keplerian rotation there.
description: 29 pages, 11 figures
The Dirichlet Casimir Energy for $ϕ^4$ Theory in a Rectangle
Creators: name: Valuyan, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 12E99

description: In this article, we present the zero and first-order radiative correction to the Dirichlet Casimir energy for massive and massless scalar field confined in a rectangle. This calculation procedure was conducted in two spatial dimensions and for the case of the first-order correction term is new. The renormalization program that we have used in this work, allows all influences from the dominant boundary conditions (e.g. the Dirichlet boundary condition) be automatically reflected in the counterterms. This permission usually makes the counterterms position-dependent. Along with the renormalization program, a supplementary regularization technique was performed in this work. In this regularization technique, that we have named Box Subtraction Scheme (BSS), two similar configurations were introduced and the zero point energies of these two configurations were subtracted from each other using appropriate limits. This regularization procedure makes the usage of any analytic continuation techniques unnecessary. In the present work, first, we briefly present calculation of the leading order Casimir energy for the massive scalar field in a rectangle via BSS. Next, the first order correction to the Casimir energy is calculated by applying the mentioned renormalization and regularization procedures. Finally, all the necessary limits of obtained answers for both massive and massless cases are discussed.
description: 12 pages, 5 Figures
Vanilla perexilis Bertoni
Creators: name: Damián-Parizaca, Alexander
name: Karremans, Adam P.
name: Mitidieri-Rivera-Rivera, Nicole
name: Cameron, Kenneth M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Orchidaceae
Vanilla
Vanilla perexilis

description: 22.Vanilla perexilisBertoni (Bertoni 1910: 8)
Fig. 3 D
Type.
PARAGUAY • Puerto Bertoni; Bertoni 3631; lectotype (designated here): SCP! [SCPD 00037]; remaining syntype: SCP! [SCPD 00040].
Notes.
The paper in which Bertoni published this species explicitly states that he was working on materials from his own herbarium (Bertoni 1910). Two specimens with the number Bertoni 3631 are deposited at SCP, and both conform to the protologue. Therefore, the richest of both specimens is selected as lectotype.
description: Published as part of Damián-Parizaca, Alexander, Karremans, Adam P., Mitidieri-Rivera-Rivera, Nicole & Cameron, Kenneth M., 2025, Towards a monograph of membranaceous Vanillas: a nomenclatural revision of Vanilla subgen. Vanilla (Vanilloideae, Orchidaceae), pp. 111-121 in Plant Ecology and Evolution 158 (1) on pages 111-121, DOI: 10.5091/plecevo.140667
Hard Burst Emission from the Soft Gamma Repeater SGR 1900+14
Creators: name: Woods, Peter M.
name: Kouveliotou, Chryssa
name: van Paradijs, Jan
name: Briggs, Michael S.
name: Hurley, Kevin
name: Gogus, Ersin
name: Preece, Robert D.
name: Giblin, Timothy W.
name: Thompson, Christopher
name: Duncan, Robert C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present evidence for burst emission from SGR 1900+14 with a power-law high energy spectrum extending beyond 500 keV. Unlike previous detections of high energy photons during bursts from SGRs, these emissions are not associated with high-luminosity burst intervals. Not only is the emission hard, but the spectra are better fit by Band's GRB function rather than by the traditional optically-thin thermal bremsstrahlung model. We find that the spectral evolution within these hard events obeys a hardness/intensity anti-correlation. Temporally, these events are distinct from typical SGR burst emissions in that they are longer (~ 1 s) and have relatively smooth profiles. Despite a difference in peak luminosity of > 1E+11 between these bursts from SGR 1900+14 and cosmological GRBs, there are striking temporal and spectral similarities between the two kinds of bursts, aside from spectral evolution. We outline an interpretation of these events in the context of the magnetar model.
description: 11 pages (text and figures), submitted to ApJ Letters, corrected erroneous hardness ratios
Group-Wise Hub Identification by Learning Common Graph Embeddings on Grassmannian Manifold
Creators: name: Yan, C
name: Kim, M
name: Yang, D
name: Laurienti, P.J
name: Wu, G
name: Chen, J
name: Styner, M
Publisher: name: IEEE Computer Society
Year: 2022

description: Human brain is a complex yet economically organized system, where a small portion of critical hub regions support the majority of brain functions. The identification of common hub nodes in a population of networks is often simplified as a voting procedure on the set of identified hub nodes across individual brain networks, which ignores the intrinsic data geometry and partially lacks the reproducible findings in neuroscience. Hence, we propose a first-ever group-wise hub identification method to identify hub nodes that are common across a population of individual brain networks. Specifically, the backbone of our method is to learn common graph embedding that can represent the majority of local topological profiles. By requiring orthogonality among the graph embedding vectors, each graph embedding as a data element is residing on the Grassmannian manifold. We present a novel Grassmannian manifold optimization scheme that allows us to find the common graph embeddings, which not only identify the most reliable hub nodes in each network but also yield a population-based common hub node map. Results of the accuracy and replicability on both synthetic and real network data show that the proposed manifold learning approach outperforms all hub identification methods employed in this evaluation.
Madrepora punctata Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Anthozoa
Scleractinia
Oculinidae
Madrepora
Madrepora punctata

description: Madrepora punctata [spec. nov.]
M composita acaulis, punctis stellaribus confertis.
Habitat in Oceano Europaeo.
Lapis rotundatus albus friabilis. Puncta conferta parva inaequalia, singula poris 10 s. 12 pertusis conflata.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 795, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
CP Conserving and Violating Contributions to $K_L\toπ^+π^-ν\barν$
Creators: name: Geng, C. Q.
name: Hsu, I. J.
name: Lin, Y. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study both CP conserving and violating contributions to the decay $K_L\toπ^+π^-ν\barν$. We find that the decay branching ratio is dominated by the CP conserving part. In the standard CKM model, we estimate that for $m_t\sim 174\ GeV$, the branching ratio due to the CP conserving (violating) contributions can be as large as $4.4 \times 10^{-13}$ ($1.0\times 10^{-14}$).
description: 15 pages (LaTex), 3 figures (not included), NHCU-HEP-94-04
Additional file 1: of Correction to: Multiple functions of CREB-binding protein during postembryonic development: identification of target genes
Creators: name: Roy, Amit
name: Smitha George
name: Subba Palli
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Sequence of primers used in the experiments. Figure S1. Checking the knockdown efficiency in T. castaneum larvae and cDNA library preparation for RNA seq. Figure S2. Normalization of RNA-seq data. Figure S3. Histogram presentation of GO ontology classification with 1306 genes that were downregulated in T. castaneum larvae after CBP knockdown. Figure S4. Epi-factor domains within the downregulated genes (1306) after CBP knockdown in T. castaneum larvae. Figure S5. KEGG pathway analysis. Figure S6. Correlation of gene expression levels of 20 selected genes by comparing both qPCR and RNA-seq data. Supporting Information S1. KEGG pathway analysis output. (PDF 892Â kb)
Anti-inflammatory flavonoid derivatives from the heartwood of Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen
Creators: name: Zan, Ni-li
name: Lu, Zi-Han
name: Wang, Xin-Yu
name: Wang, Rong-Ye
name: Liang, Nai-Yun
name: Huo, Hui-Xia
name: Zhao, Yun-Fang
name: Song, Yue-Lin
name: Tu, Peng-Fei
name: Zheng, Jiao
name: Li, Jun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Two pairs of flavonoid enantiomers (1a/1b and 2a/2b) together with three known analogues (3–5) were isolated from the heartwood of Dalbergia odorifera T. Chen. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis (1 D and 2 D NMR, UV, IR, and HRMS) and experimental and calculated ECD data. Compound 2 features an unusual 2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone moiety forming the C-ring of flavonoid, and its putative biosynthetic pathway is also proposed. Compounds 3‒5 exhibited significant inhibition of nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells with IC50 values of 14.7 ± 0.3 μM, 40.2 ± 1.1 μM, and 3.2 ± 0.1 μM, respectively.
Non-Axisymmetric Line Driven Disc Winds II - Full Velocity Gradient
Creators: name: Dyda, Sergei
name: Proga, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study non-axisymetric features of 3D line driven winds in the Sobolev approximation, where the optical depth is calculated using the full velocity gradient. We find that non-axisymmetric density features, so called clumps, form primarily at the base of the wind on super-Sobolev length scales. The density of clumps differs by a factor of $\sim 3$ from the azimuthal average, the magnitude of their velocity dispersion is comparable to the flow velocity and they produce $\sim 20\%$ variations in the column density. Clumps may be observable because differences in density produce enhancements in emission and absorption profiles or through their velocity dispersion which enhances line broadening.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables
\bf $δM$ Formalism and Anisotropic Chaotic Inflation Power Spectrum
Creators: name: Talebian-Ashkezari, Alireza
name: Ahmadi, Nahid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new analytical approach to linear perturbations in anisotropic inflation has been introduced in [A. Talebian-Ashkezari, N. Ahmadi and A.A. Abolhasanib, JCAP 03(2018)001] under the name of $δM$ formalism. In this paper we apply the mentioned approach to a model of anisotropic inflation driven by a scalar field, coupled to the kinetic term of a vector field with a $U(1)$ symmetry. The $δM$ formalism provides an efficient way of computing tensor- tensor, tensor- scalar as well as scalar- scalar 2-point correlations that are needed for the analysis of the observational features of an anisotropic model on the CMB. A comparison between $δM$ results and the tedious calculations using in-in formalism shows the aptitude of the $δM$ formalism in calculating accurate two point correlation functions between physical modes of the system.
description: 15 pages
Timing Spectroscopy of Quasi-Periodic Oscillations in the Low-Mass X-ray Neutron Star Binaries
Creators: name: Titarchuk, Lev
name: Osherovich, Vladimir
name: Kuznetsov, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Precise simultaneous measurements of the frequencies of the two kiloHertz quasi-periodic oscillations (referred in the literature as upper and lower kHz QPOs) cast doubts on the validity of the simple beat-frequency interpretation and some of the modifications introduced to explain the results of the varying frequency difference. A new model explains the variation of the frequency difference suggesting that the upper kHz QPO,namely nu_h is an upper hybrid frequency of the Keplerian oscillator under the influence of the Coriolis force and the lower kHz QPO is the Keplerian frequency nu_K. Such an oscillator has two branches characterized by high frequency nu_h (around 1 kHz) and by low frequency nu_L (around 50 Hz). The frequency nu_L depends strongly on the angle, delta between the normal to the neutron star disk and Omega - the angular velocity of the magnetosphere surrounding the neutron star. In the lower part of the QPO spectrum (around 10 Hz), this model identifies the frequency of radial viscous oscillations nu_v (previously called "extra noise component") and the break frequency nu_b, which is associated with the diffusive process in the transition region (the innermost part of the disk). According to this model, all frequencies (namely nu_h, nu_L, nu_b and nu_v) have specific dependences on nu_K. This paper focuses on the verification of the predicted relations. For the source 4U 1728-34, the best theoretical fit is obtained for delta=8.3+/-1.0^o, which is slightly larger than delta=5.5+/- 0.5^o previously found for Sco X-1. In addition, we show that the theoretically derived power law relation, nu_b proportional to nu_v^{1.61} is consistent with the recent observations of other atoll and Z-sources.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, accepted by ApJ Letters
Guideline recommendations and the positioning of newer drugs in type 2 diabetes care
Creators: name: Petrie J.R
name: Cosentino F
name: Buse J.B
name: Grant P.J
name: Mathieu C
name: Marx N
name: Davies M.J
Publisher: name: Lancet Publishing Group
Year: 2021

description: Cardiovascular outcome trials in patients with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk have led to remarkable advances in our understanding of the effectiveness of GLP-1 receptor agonists and SGLT2 inhibitors to reduce cardiorenal events. In 2019, the American Diabetes Association (ADA), European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD), and European Society of Cardiology (ESC) published updated recommendations for the management of such patients. We are concerned that ongoing discussions focusing on the differences between the endocrinologists' consensus report from the ADA and EASD and cardiologists' guidelines from the ESC are contributing to clinical inertia, thereby effectively denying evidence-based treatments advocated by both groups to patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiorenal disease. A subset of members from the writing groups of the ADA–EASD consensus report and the ESC guidelines was convened to emphasise where commonalities exist and to propose an integrated framework that encompasses the views incorporated in management approaches proposed by the ESC and the ADA and EASD. Coordinated action is required to ensure that people with type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, heart failure, or chronic kidney disease are treated appropriately with an SGLT2 inhibitor or GLP-1 receptor agonist. In our opinion, this course should be initiated independent of background therapy, current glycaemic control, or individualised treatment goals.
Madrepora agaricites Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Anthozoa
Scleractinia
Oculinidae
Madrepora
Madrepora agaricites

description: Madrepora agaricites [spec. nov.]
M. composita acaulis sulcata, sulcis carinatis, stellis concatenatis.
Habitat in O. Indico.
Lapis constans lamellis variis divergentibus semiorbiculatis, exaratis utrinque sulcis plurimis repandis: Fundo stellis concatenatis.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 795, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Two-dimensional Iron Monocarbide with Planar Hypercoordinate Iron and Carbon
Creators: name: Fan, Dong
name: Lu, Shaohua
name: Hu, Xiaojun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the theoretical discovery of Iron monocarbide binary sheets stabilized at two-dimensional confined space, which we call tetragonal-FeC (t-FeC) and orthorhombic-FeC (o-FeC), respectively. From the energy viewpoint, the proposed t-FeC is the global minimum configuration in the 2D space, and each carbon atom is four-coordinated with ambient four Iron atoms. Strikingly, the o-FeC monolayer is an orthorhombic phase with planar pentacoordinate carbon moiety and planar seven-coordinate Fe moiety. To our knowledge, this monolayer is the first example of a simultaneously pentacoordinate carbon and planar seven-coordinate Fe-containing material. State-of-the-art theoretical calculations confirm that all these monolayers have significantly dynamic, mechanical, and thermal stabilities. Among these two monolayers, t-FeC monolayer shows a higher theoretical capacity (395 mAh g-1 ), and can stably adsorb Li up to t-FeCLi3 . Low migration energy barrier is predicted as small as 0.26 eV for Li, which result in the fast diffusion of Li atom on this monolayer. Moreover, electron-phonon calculations coupled with Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer arguments suggest t-FeC can be potential two-dimensional superconductors with 6.77 K superconducting transition temperature.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
A Highly Doppler Blueshifted Fe-K Emission Line in the High-Redshift QSO PKS 2149-306
Creators: name: Yaqoob, T.
name: George, I. M.
name: Nandra, K.
name: Turner, T. J.
name: Zobair, S.
name: Serlemitsos, P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results from an \asca observation of the QSO PKS 2149-306 (z=2.345). We detect an emission line centered at $\sim 17$ keV in the quasar frame. Line emission at this energy has not been observed in any other active galaxy or quasar to date. We present evidence rejecting the possibility that this line is the result of instrumental artifacts, or a serendipitous source. The most likely explanation is blueshifted Fe-K emission (the EW is 300+/-200 eV, QSO frame). Bulk velocities of the order of 0.75c are implied by the data. We show that Fe-K line photons originating in an accretion disk and Compton-scattering off a leptonic can account for the emission line. Curiously, if the emission-line feature recently discovered in another quasar PKS 0637$-$752, $z=0.654$, is blueshifted Ovii, the Doppler factor is the same (~2.7) for both.
description: 15 pages plus 3 figures. Latex with separate .ps files (Accepted by Astrophysical Journal Letters)
Supplementary Methods and Figures from Segmentation and shielding of the most vulnerable members of the population as elements of an exit strategy from COVID-19 lockdown
Creators: name: van Bunnik, Bram A. D.
name: Morgan, Alex L. K.
name: Bessell, Paul R.
name: Calder-Gerver, Giles
name: Zhang, Feifei
name: Haynes, Samuel
name: Ashworth, Jordan
name: Zhao, Shengyuan
name: Cave, Nicola Rose
name: Perry, Meghan R.
name: Lepper, Hannah C.
name: Lu, Lu
name: Kellam, Paul
name: Sheikh, Aziz
name: Medley, Graham F.
name: Woolhouse, Mark E. J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021

description: This study demonstrates that an adoption of a segmenting and shielding strategy could increase the scope to partially exit COVID-19 lockdown while limiting the risk of an overwhelming second wave of infection. We illustrate this using a mathematical model that segments the vulnerable population and their closest contacts, the ‘shielders’. Effects of extending the duration of lockdown and faster or slower transition to post-lockdown conditions and, most importantly, the trade-off between increased protection of the vulnerable segment and fewer restrictions on the general population are explored. Our study shows that the most important determinants of outcome are (i) post-lockdown transmission rates within the general and between the general and vulnerable segments; (ii) fractions of the population in the vulnerable and shielder segments; (iii) adherence to protective measures and (iv) build-up of population immunity. Additionally, we found that effective measures in the shielder segment, e.g. intensive routine screening, allow further relaxations in the general population. We find that the outcome of any future policy is strongly influenced by the contact matrix between segments and the relationships between physical distancing measures and transmission rates. This strategy has potential applications for any infectious disease for which there are defined proportions of the population who cannot be treated or who are at risk of severe outcomes.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Modelling that shaped the early COVID-19 pandemic response in the UK’.
Additional file 3: of The economic burden of cardiovascular disease and hypertension in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review
Creators: name: Gheorghe, Adrian
name: Griffiths, Ulla
name: Murphy, Adrianna
name: Legido-Quigley, Helena
name: Lamptey, Peter
name: Perel, Pablo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Selected descriptive characteristics of included studies. (DOCX 208 kb)
Health Warnings and Beverage Purchase Behavior: Mediators of Impact
Creators: name: Brewer N.T
name: Grummon A.H
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2020

description: Background: To reduce diet-related chronic disease, policymakers have proposed requiring health warnings on sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs). Health warnings reduced purchases of these products by 22% in our recent randomized controlled trial, but the mechanisms remain unclear. Purpose: We sought to identify the psychological mechanisms that explain why SSB health warnings affect purchase behavior. Methods: In 2018, we recruited 400 adult SSB consumers to complete a shopping task in a naturalistic convenience store laboratory in North Carolina, USA. We randomly assigned participants to either a health warning arm (all SSBs in the store displayed a text health warning) or to a control arm (SSBs displayed a control label). Participants selected items to purchase with cash. Results: Compared to control labels, health warnings elicited more attention, negative affect, anticipated social interactions, and thinking about harms (range of ds = 0.63-1.34; all p <. 001). Health warnings also led to higher injunctive norms about limiting SSB consumption (d = 0.27, p =. 008). Except for attention, all of these constructs mediated the effect of health warnings on SSB purchases (all p <. 05). In contrast, health warnings did not influence other attitudes or beliefs about SSBs or SSB consumption (e.g., healthfulness, outcome expectations, and response efficacy). Conclusions: Health warnings on sugar-sweetened beverages affected purchase behavior by eliciting negative emotions, increasing anticipated social interactions, keeping SSBs' harms at top of mind, and shifting norms about beverage consumption. Results are consistent with recent studies of why tobacco warnings influence quitting behavior, pointing toward a general framework for understanding how health warnings affect behavior.
Femtosecond Pulse Trains through Dual-Pumping of Optical Fibers: Role of Third-Order Dispersion
Creators: name: Antikainen, Aku
name: Agrawal, Govind P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generation of high-repetition-rate, femtosecond, soliton pulse trains through dual-wavelength pumping of a dispersion-decreasing fiber is studied numerically. The achievable shortest pulse width is found to be limited by third-order dispersion that has a significant effect on the pulse-compression dynamics. The output wavelength is red shifted because of intrapulse Raman scattering and depends heavily on third-order dispersion, whose positive values lead to the most red shifted solitons (>25% of the input pump center wavelength). The proposed scheme allows the generation of ultrashort pulse trains at tunable high repetition rates with a wide range of output wavelengths and pulse durations through dispersion engineering. The resulting frequency combs extend over a wide bandwidth with a tunable spacing between the comb lines.
Madrepora truncata Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Anthozoa
Scleractinia
Oculinidae
Madrepora
Madrepora truncata

description: Madrepora truncata [spec. nov.]
M. composita, corporibus proliferis disci pluribus margine coadunatis, stellis truncatis: centro cylin- drico-concavis. Amoen. acad. 1. p. 93. t. 4. f. X: 3. XVIII.
Habitat .. fossilis.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 795, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
The structure of dark matter halos in hierarchical clustering theories
Creators: name: Subramanian, Kandaswamy
name: Cen, Renyue
name: Ostriker, Jeremiah P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During hierarchical clustering, smaller masses generally collapse earlier than larger masses and so are denser on the average. The core of a small mass halo could be dense enough to resist disruption and survive undigested, when it is incorporated into a bigger object. We explore the possibility that a nested sequence of undigested cores in the center of the halo, which have survived the hierarchical, inhomogeneous collapse to form larger and larger objects, determines the halo structure in the inner regions. For a flat universe with $P(k) \propto k^n$, scaling arguments then suggest that the core density profile is, $ρ\propto r^{-α}$ with $α= (9+3n)/(5+n)$. But whether such behaviour obtains depends on detailed dynamics. We first examine the dynamics using a fluid approach to the self-similar collapse solutions for the dark matter phase space density, including the effect of velocity dispersions. We highlight the importance of tangential velocity dispersions to obtain density profiles shallower than $1/r^2$ in the core regions. If tangential velocity dispersions in the core are constrained to be less than the radial dispersion, a cuspy core density profile shallower than 1/r cannot obtain, in self-similar collapse. We then briefly look at the profiles of the outer halos in low density cosmological models where the total halo mass is convergent. Finally, we analyze a suite of dark halo density and velocity dispersion profiles obtained in cosmological N-body simulations of models with n= 0, -1 and -2. We find that the core-density profiles of dark halos, show considerable scatter in their properties, but nevertheless do appear to reflect a memory of the initial power spectrum, with steeper initial spectra producing flatter core profiles. (Abridged)
description: 31 pages, 7 figures, submitted to ApJ
Health Warnings on Sugar-Sweetened Beverages: Simulation of Impacts on Diet and Obesity Among U.S. Adults
Creators: name: Golden S.D
name: Taillie L.S
name: Brewer N.T
name: Grummon A.H
name: Smith N.R
name: Frerichs L
Publisher: name: Elsevier Inc.
Year: 2019

description: Introduction: Overconsumption of sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) is a significant contributor to obesity. Policymakers have proposed requiring health warnings on SSBs to reduce SSB consumption. Randomized trials indicate that SSB warnings reduce SSB purchases, but uncertainty remains about how warnings affect population-level dietary and health outcomes. Methods: This study developed a stochastic microsimulation model of dietary behaviors and body weight using the 2005–2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, research on SSB health warnings, and a validated model of weight change. In 2019, the model simulated a national SSB health warning policy's impact on SSB intake, total energy intake, BMI, and obesity among U.S. adults over 5 years. Sensitivity analyses varied assumptions about: (1) how warning efficacy changes over time, (2) the magnitude of warnings’ impact on SSB intake, and (3) caloric compensation. Results: A national SSB health warning policy would reduce average SSB intake by 25.3 calories/day (95% uncertainty interval [UI]= −27.0, −23.6) and total energy intake by 31.2 calories/day (95% UI= −32.2, −30.1). These dietary changes would reduce average BMI by 0.64 kg/m2 (95% UI= −0.67, −0.62) and obesity prevalence by 3.1 percentage points (95% UI= −3.3%, −2.8%). Obesity reductions persisted when assuming warning efficacy wanes over time and when using conservative estimates of warning impact and caloric compensation. Benefits were larger for black and Hispanic adults than for white adults, and for adults with lower SES than for those with higher SES. Conclusions: A national SSB health warning policy could reduce adults’ SSB consumption and obesity prevalence. Warnings could also narrow sociodemographic disparities in these outcomes.
The impact of 2D assumptions in 3D brain imaging - EIT 2021
Creators: name: Avery, James
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 90399 Biomedical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Medical engineering

description: Conference Abstract for EIT 2021 - 21st International Conference on Biomedical Applications of Electrical Tomography
Parton Distributions of the Proton
Creators: name: Martin, A. D.
name: Roberts, R. G.
name: Stirling, W. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To obtain improved parton densities of the proton, we present a new global analysis of deep inelastic and related data including, in particular, the recent measurements of $F_2$ at HERA, of the asymmetry of the rapidity distributions of $W^\pm$ production at the FNAL $pp$ collider and of the asymmetry in Drell-Yan production in $pp$ and $pn$ collisions. We also incorporate data to determine the flavour dependence of the quark sea distributions. We find that the behaviour of the partons at small $x$ is consistent with the precocious onset of BFKL leading $\log(1/x)$ dynamics. We discuss the ambiguities remaining in the gluon distribution. We present improved predictions for $W$ boson (and $t$ quark) production at the FNAL $\pp$ collider.
description: preprint DTP/94/34, 26 pages, 21 figures (not included, available on request)
Hemispheric Cortical, Cerebellar and Caudate Atrophy Associated to Cognitive Impairment in Metropolitan Mexico City Young Adults Exposed to Fine Particulate Matter Air Pollution
Creators: name: Mukherjee, P.S
name: Crespo-Cortés, C.N
name: Stommel, E.W
name: Chávez-Franco, D.A
name: Calderón-Garcidueñas, L
name: Hernández-Luna, J
name: Torres-Jardón, R
name: Styner, M
name: Luévano-Castro, S.C
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2022

description: Exposures to fine particulate matter PM2.5 are associated with Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s (AD, PD) and TDP-43 pathology in young Metropolitan Mexico City (MMC) residents. Highresolution structural T1-weighted brain MRI and/or Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) data were examined in 302 volunteers age 32.7 ± 6.0 years old. We used multivariate linear regressions to examine cortical surface area and thickness, subcortical and cerebellar volumes and MoCA in ≤30 vs. ≥31 years old. MMC residents exposed to PM2.5 ~ 30.9 µg/m3. Robust hemispheric differences in frontal and temporal lobes, caudate and cerebellar gray and white matter and strong associations between MoCA total and index scores and caudate bilateral volumes, frontotemporal and cerebellar volumetric changes were documented. MoCA LIS scores are affected early and low pollution controls ≥ 31 years old have higher MoCA vs. MMC counterparts (p ≤ 0.0001). Residency in MMC is associated with cognitive impairment and overlapping targeted patterns of brain atrophy described for AD, PD and Fronto-Temporal Dementia (FTD). MMC children and young adult longitudinal studies are urgently needed to define brain development impact, cognitive impairment and brain atrophy related to air pollution. Identification of early AD, PD and FTD biomarkers and reductions on PM2.5 emissions, including poorly regulated heavy-duty diesel vehicles, should be prioritized to protect 21.8 million highly exposed MMC urbanites.
Additional file 5: of Comparative root transcriptome of wild Arachis reveals NBS-LRR genes related to nematode resistance
Creators: name: Mota, Ana
name: Vidigal, Bruna
name: Danchin, Etienne
name: Togawa, Roberto
name: Leal-Bertioli, Soraya
name: Bertioli, David
name: Araujo, Ana
name: Brasileiro, Ana
name: Guimaraes, Patricia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S3. Intersections between the NBS-LRR (LDEG) (FDR<0.05) in A. duranensis (DN3, DN6, DN9) and A. stenosperma (SN3, SN6, SN9) infected with M. arenaria. The set size represents the number of RKN- responsive genes in each condition (genotype/DAI) and the black dots their intersections. (PDF 8 kb)
Hemoglobin glycation index, calculated from a single fasting glucose value, as a prediction tool for severe hypoglycemia and major adverse cardiovascular events in DEVOTE
Creators: name: Buse J.B
name: Marso S
name: Pratley R.E
name: Franek E
name: Pieber T.R
name: Kvist K
name: Klein K.R
name: Gowda A
Publisher: name: BMJ Publishing Group
Year: 2021

description: Introduction Hemoglobin glycation index (HGI) is the difference between observed and predicted glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA 1c), derived from mean or fasting plasma glucose (FPG). In this secondary, exploratory analysis of data from DEVOTE, we examined: whether insulin initiation/titration affected the HGI; the relationship between baseline HGI tertile and cardiovascular and hypoglycemia risk; and the relative strengths of HGI and HbA 1c in predicting these risks. Research design and methods In DEVOTE, a randomized, double-blind, cardiovascular outcomes trial, people with type 2 diabetes received once per day insulin degludec or insulin glargine 100 units/mL. The primary outcome was time to first occurrence of a major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE), comprising cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction or stroke; severe hypoglycemia was a secondary outcome. In these analyses, predicted HbA 1c was calculated using a linear regression equation based on DEVOTE data (HbA 1c =0.01313 FPG (mg/dL) (single value)+6.17514), and the population data were grouped into HGI tertiles based on the calculated HGI values. The distributions of time to first event were compared using Kaplan-Meier curves; HRs and 95% CIs were determined by Cox regression models comparing risk of MACE and severe hypoglycemia between tertiles. Results Changes in HGI were observed at 12 months after insulin initiation and stabilized by 24 months for the whole cohort and insulin-naive patients. There were significant differences in MACE risk between baseline HGI tertiles; participants with high HGI were at highest risk (low vs high, HR: 0.73 (0.61 to 0.87) 95% CI; moderate vs high, HR: 0.67 (0.56 to 0.81) 95% CI; p<0.0001). No significant differences between HGI tertiles were observed in the risk of severe hypoglycemia (p=0.0911). With HbA 1c included within the model, HGI no longer significantly predicted MACE. Conclusions High HGI was associated with a higher risk of MACE; this finding is of uncertain significance given the association of HGI with insulin initiation and HbA 1c. Trial registration number NCT01959529.
Self-similar collapse and the structure of dark matter halos: A fluid approach
Creators: name: Subramanian, Kandaswamy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the dynamical restrictions on the structure of dark matter halos through a study of cosmological self-similar gravitational collapse solutions. A fluid approach to the collisionless dynamics of dark matter is developed and the resulting closed set of moment equations are solved numerically including the effect of halo velocity dispersions (both radial and tangential), for a range of spherically averaged initial density profiles. Our results highlight the importance of tangential velocity dispersions to obtain density profiles shallower than $1/r^2$ in the core regions, and for retaining a memory of the initial density profile, in self-similar collapse. For an isotropic core velocity dispersion only a partial memory of the initial density profile is retained. If tangential velocity dispersions in the core are constrained to be less than the radial dispersion, a cuspy core density profile shallower than $1/r$ cannot obtain, in self-similar collapse.
description: 25 pages, 7 figures, submitted to ApJ
Additional file 2: of The economic burden of cardiovascular disease and hypertension in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review
Creators: name: Gheorghe, Adrian
name: Griffiths, Ulla
name: Murphy, Adrianna
name: Legido-Quigley, Helena
name: Lamptey, Peter
name: Perel, Pablo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Quality assessment tool. (DOCX 14 kb)
A unified representation method for interdisciplinary spatial earth data
Creators: name: Wang, Shuang
name: Wang, Jian
name: Zhan, Qin
name: Zhang, Lianchong
name: Yao, Xiaochuang
name: Li, Guoqing
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Unified representation of spatial earth data is an essential scientific issue. The analysis and mining of interdisciplinary spatial earth data resources can help discover hidden scientific knowledge, and even reveal the intrinsic relationship among different disciplines. However, the different description methods and inner structures among interdisciplinary spatial earth data bring significant challenges to unified data management and collaborative analysis in earth environment research. To address this issue, this paper proposes a unified representation method for interdisciplinary spatial earth data. First, this paper establishes a general metadata model and realizes the unified description of interdisciplinary data. Second, an entity data organization model is presented, which can realize the unified organization of entity data with different inner structures. Finally, we introduce the Spatial Earth Data Format (SEDF), a data format based on HDF5 for implementing the data organization model of interdisciplinary spatial earth data. Data representation experiments and validation are conducted to verify the availability and practicability of the proposed data representation method. The results suggest the powerful ability to represent spatial earth data efficiently and ensure data integrity, which is convenient for data management and application.
Madrepora stellaris Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Anthozoa
Scleractinia
Oculinidae
Madrepora
Madrepora stellaris

description: Madrepora stellaris [spec. nov.]
M. composita, corporibus proliferis centralibus solitariis, stellis margine dilatato-coadunatis. Amoen. acad. 1. p. 94. t. 4. f. XI. 4.
Habitat ..
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 795, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Alloy engineering of topological semimetal phase transition in MgTa$_{2-x}$Nb$_x$N$_3$
Creators: name: Huang, Huaqing
name: Jin, Kyung-Hwan
name: Liu, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dirac, triple-point and Weyl fermions represent three topological semimetal phases, characterized with a descending degree of band degeneracy, which have been realized separately in specific crystalline materials with different lattice symmetries. Here we demonstrate an alloy engineering approach to realize all three types of fermions in one single material system of MgTa$_{2-x}$Nb$_x$N$_3$. Based on symmetry analysis and first-principles calculations, we map out a phase diagram of topological order in the parameter space of alloy concentration and crystalline symmetry, where the intrinsic MgTa$_2$N$_3$ with the highest symmetry hosts the Dirac semimetal phase which transforms into the triple-point and then the Weyl semimetal phase with the increasing Nb concentration that lowers the crystalline symmetries. Therefore, alloy engineering affords a unique approach for experimental investigation of topological transitions of semimetallic phases manifesting different fermionic behaviors.
description: in press, Phys. Rev. Lett. (2018)
$ε_b$ Constraints on Self--Couplings of Vector Bosons
Creators: name: Eboli, O. J. P.
name: Lietti, S. M.
name: Gonzalez-Garcia, M. C.
name: Novaes, S. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the constraints on possible anomalous contributions to the $W^+W^-Z$ vertex coming from non-universal radiative corrections to the $Z \rightarrow b \bar{b}$ width. We parametrize these corrections in terms of $ε_b$ and use the LEP data to establish the allowed values for the anomalous triple couplings. We examine all CP conserving effective operators that exhibit $SU(2)_L\times U(1)_Y$ gauge invariance and do not give any tree level contribution to the present experimental observables. For some of these operators our constraints are comparable with the bounds coming from a global fit of the oblique parameters, which evidences the increasing relevance of the precise measurement of the $b$--quark parameters at LEP for the search of new physics.
description: MAD/PH/836, IFT-P 020/94, IFUSP-P 1116. Revised version of hep-ph/9406316, same text only some reference changed
Madrepora polygama Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Anthozoa
Scleractinia
Oculinidae
Madrepora
Madrepora polygama

description: Madrepora polygama [spec. nov.]
M. composita, stellis cylindricis duodecim-radiatis intermixtisque concavis majusculis convexis. Chin. Lagerstr. 51. f. 15.
Habitat in O. Asiatico.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 795, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Boson-boson pure-dephasing model with non-Markovian properties
Creators: name: Xiong, Fei-Lei
name: Li, Li
name: Chen, Zeng-Bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding decoherence processes is crucial in the study of open quantum systems. In this paper, we discuss the mechanism of pure-dephasing process with a newly proposed boson-boson model, namely, a bosonic field coupled to another bosonic bath in thermal equilibrium. Our model is fully solvable and can reproduce the pure-dephasing process which is usually described by the well-known spin-boson model, therefore offering a new perspective to understanding decoherence processes in open quantum systems of high dimension. We also show that this model admits a generically non-Markovian dynamics with respect to various different non-Markovian measures.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures