cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness and safety of oral terbinafine for dermatophyte distal subungual onychomycosis
Creators: name: Gupta, Aditya K.
name: Ravi, Shruthi Polla
name: Talukder, Mesbah
name: Mann, Avantika
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Terbinafine has been a cornerstone in dermatophyte infection treatment. Despite its global efficacy, the emergence of terbinafine resistance raises concerns, requiring ongoing vigilance. This paper focuses on evaluating the efficacy and safety of terbinafine in treating dermatophyte toenail infections. Continuous and pulse therapies, with a 24-week continuous regimen and a higher dosage of 500 mg/day have demonstrated superior efficacy to the FDA approved regimen of 250 mg/day x 12 weeks. Pulse therapies, though showing comparable effectiveness, present debates with regards to their efficacy as conflicting findings have been reported. Safety concerns encompass hepatotoxicity, gastrointestinal, cutaneous, neurologic, hematologic and immune adverse-effects, and possible drug interactions, suggesting the need for ongoing monitoring. Terbinafine efficacy depends on dosage, duration, and resistance patterns. Continuous therapy for 24 weeks and a dosage of 500 mg/day may enhance outcomes, but safety considerations and resistance necessitate individualized approaches. Alternatives, including topical agents and alternative antifungals, are to be considered for resistant cases. Understanding the interplay between treatment parameters, adverse effects, and resistance mechanisms is critical for optimizing therapeutic efficacy while mitigating resistance risks. Patient education and adherence are vital for early detection and management of adverse effects and resistance, contributing to tailored and effective treatments.
Light Trapping in Thin Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Solar Cells on Textured Polyimide Substrate
Creators: name: Bednar, N.
name: Severino, N.
name: Adamovic, N.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2015
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS AND MODULES
CdTe, CIS and Related Ternary and Quaternary Thin Film Solar Cells and Modules

description: 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1061-1064
description: This work presents a light trapping possibility in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) solar cells on polyimide
substrate achieved by surface modification of the substrate material. Polyimide substrate was treated with oxygen
plasma in a parallel plate reactor. By changing the plasma processing parameters, several samples were produced,
with different sizes of the features formed on the surface. Two samples were selected for the additional optical
simulation in order to determine the effect of the substrate topology on the light absorption in CIGS absorber layer.
The simulation was done using finite element method and both cases of TM and TE polarized excitation were
considered. The results show the improvement in absorption in both short wavelength region (due to decreased
reflectance) and long wavelength region (due to photon trapping in the absorber layer).
Novel rare alleles of ABCA1 are exclusively associated with extreme high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels among the Han Chinese
Creators: name: Hu, Suwei
name: Zhong, Yanfang
name: Hao, Yuantao
name: Luo, Minqi
name: Zhou, Yan
name: Liao, Weijiao
name: Wei, Haiyun
name: Gao, Yueting
name: Shan, Jinglan
name: Hu, Bin
name: Hultén, Maj
name: Wang, Yiming
Publisher: name: Kooperation de Gruyter
Year: 2009

description: Background: High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is a major plasma lipoprotein directly associated with cholesterol metabolism. The ATP binding cassette transporter 1 gene (ABCA1) is one of the major genes modulating plasma levels of HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C). Rare alleles of ABCA1 associated with extreme HDL-C concentrations have not been previously investigated in the Chinese. Methods: Blood samples were collected from 470 subjects whose HDL-C concentrations were within the top 5% of the distribution, 335 subjects in the lowest 5%, and 220 within the range 5%–95%. First, we sequenced all exons of the ABCA1 gene from 50 subjects from the group with extremely high HDL-C, and 50 from the group with extremely low HDL-C concentrations. Next, in the remaining subjects, we genotyped the non-synonymous variants identified exclusively with either extreme group. Results: Four novel non-synonymous alleles were identified; all were rare. Alleles c.3029C>T (p.Ala1010Val) and c.5399A>G (p.Asn1800Ser) were found exclusively in the low group, c.2031C>A (p.Asp677Glu) and c.2660G>T (p.Cys887Phe) exclusively in the high group. Conclusions: Our results show that some rare alleles of ABCA1 are associated with marked phenotypes, supporting the “rare-variant common-disease” hypothesis. Certain alleles also provide tools for identifying individuals at high risk of dyslipidaemia, allowing for early therapeutic intervention. Clin Chem Lab Med 2009;47:1239–45.
Understanding the Recombination Activity of Diffused Boron Emitters for High Efficiency n-Type PERT Solar Cells
Creators: name: Desrues, T.
name: Gall, S.
name: Lorfeuvre, C.
name: Manuel, S.
name: Monna, R.
name: Veschetti, Y.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2015
Subjects: WAFER-BASED SILICON SOLAR CELLS AND MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 991-993
description: Different B-emitter profiles and passivation configurations were developed and implemented into the process
flow of large area N-PERT solar cells (6 inches). A comparison between thermally grown oxide Si02 and ALD
deposited Al2O3 layer was carried out. Diffusion profiles were measured by ECV (Electro-Chemical Voltage), and
the emitter passivation quality was determined by measurement of emitter saturation current density (J0e). The doping
profiles optimization in relation with the passivation and contact scheme is shown to be a key issue for solar cells
efficiency improvement. A correlation between the final cell Voc and the J0e is proposed, taking into consideration the
influence of the recombination activity due to the front metallization (J0,met). This study allows an improvement of the
fabrication process flow leading to an efficiency level ≥ 20%.
On Boolean intervals of finite groups
Creators: name: Balodi, Mamta
name: Palcoux, Sebastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 06A11, 05E15, 06C15 (Primary), 05E10, 05E45, 16E65 (Secondary)

description: We prove a dual version of Øystein Ore's theorem on distributive intervals in the subgroup lattice of finite groups, having a nonzero dual Euler totient $\hatφ$. For any Boolean group-complemented interval, we observe that $\hatφ = φ\neq 0$ by the original Ore's theorem. We also discuss some applications in representation theory. We conjecture that $\hatφ$ is always nonzero for Boolean intervals. In order to investigate it, we prove that for any Boolean group-complemented interval $[H,G]$, the graded coset poset $\hat{P} = \hat{C}(H,G)$ is Cohen-Macaulay and the nontrivial reduced Betti number of the order complex $Δ(P)$ is $\hatφ$, so nonzero. We deduce that these results are true beyond the group-complemented case with $|G:H|<32$. One observes that they are also true when $H$ is a Borel subgroup of $G$.
description: 16 pages; shortened version
Structural Engineering for Optical and Electronic Properties of a-Si:H/c-Si
Creators: name: Mitchell, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2015
Subjects: THIN FILM SOLAR CELLS AND MODULES
Silicon-based Thin Film and Silicon-Heterojunction Solar Cells and Modules

description: 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1030-1035
description: Very thin hydrogenated amorphous silicon layers deposited within a parallel-plate PECVD system have been analysed for the role
of deposition and post-deposition conditions from an optical and structural stand-point for a-Si:H and their role in passivation of
crystalline silicon (c-Si) surfaces. Here we have focused on the influence internal plasma states, namely plasma-radicals, have on
the quality and stability of a-Si:H. Revealed is the inherent behaviour, in contradiction to general assumptions, concerning hydrogen
concentration, mobility and quantised state. Distinct profiles for the refractive index, absorption coefficient, optical band gap and
density of intrinsic a-Si:H layers 5nm or 10nm in thickness are observed in detail for the first time across a process temperature
range from 100oC to 300oC. Ascertaining the optimised conditions for this material enable improvements both in performance and
reliability for high interface monohydride layers to be deposited, with negligible dihydride concentrations and no measureable
micro/nano void fractions. A consistent, yet conservative surface recombination velocity for these layers of 3cms-2 (n = 1015cm-2)
was achieved on both 1.4cm-1 n-type and p-type float-zone c-Si, with high thermal stability exceeding 140 hours at 250oC.
Resolving the fragmentation of high line-mass filaments with ALMA: the integral shaped filament in Orion A
Creators: name: Kainulainen, Jouni
name: Stutz, Amelia M.
name: Stanke, Thomas
name: Abreu-Vicente, Jorge
name: Beuther, Henrik
name: Henning, Thomas
name: Johnston, Katharine G.
name: Megeath, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the fragmentation of the nearest high line-mass filament, the integral shaped filament (ISF, line-mass $\sim$ 400 M$_\odot$ pc$^{-1}$) in the Orion A molecular cloud. We have observed a 1.6 pc long section of the ISF with the Atacama Large Millimetre/submillimeter Array (ALMA) at 3 mm continuum emission, at a resolution of $\sim$3" (1 200 AU). We identify from the region 43 dense cores with masses about a solar mass. 60% of the ALMA cores are protostellar and 40\% are starless. The nearest neighbour separations of the cores do not show a preferred fragmentation scale; the frequency of short separations increases down to 1 200 AU. We apply a two-point correlation analysis on the dense core separations and show that the ALMA cores are significantly grouped at separations below $\sim$17 000 AU and strongly grouped below $\sim$6 000 AU. The protostellar and starless cores are grouped differently: only the starless cores group strongly below $\sim$6 000 AU. In addition, the spatial distribution of the cores indicates periodic grouping of the cores into groups of $\sim$30 000 AU in size, separated by $\sim$50 000 AU. The groups coincide with dust column density peaks detected by Herschel. These results show hierarchical, two-mode fragmentation in which the maternal filament periodically fragments into groups of dense cores. Critically, our results indicate that the fragmentation models for lower line-mass filaments ($\sim$ 16 M$_\odot$ pc$^{-1}$) fail to capture the observed properties of the ISF. We also find that the protostars identified with Spitzer and Herschel in the ISF are grouped at separations below $\sim$17 000 AU. In contrast, young stars with disks do not show significant grouping. This suggests that the grouping of dense cores is partially retained over the protostar lifetime, but not over the lifetime of stars with disks.
description: Accepted to A&A
Biomimetic Optimization of the Grid Design on Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Neumaier, L.
name: Mühleisen, W.
name: Hirschl, C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2015
Subjects: WAFER-BASED SILICON SOLAR CELLS AND MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 938-943
description: One of the current research challenges in photovoltaics is the optimization of the solar cell grid finger metallization and the enhancement of the efficiency itself. At the moment, standard silicon solar cells use a linear, uniform grid for the power dissipation. Within this work, an alternative, nature inspired metallization structure was developed, utilizing an evolutionary algorithm for the design optimization. Here, the main research goals are the reduction of the shading caused by the front metallization, as well as an enhancement of the power output of the solar cell. For the creation of an alternative metallization structure, possible nature inspired designs are investigated and evaluated, in terms of usefulness for solar cell metallization application. Here, leaf venation systems and river deltas with its branching tributaries served as major inspiration sources. Resulting from these inspirations, a randomly branching structure was developed, utilizing a so called minimal spanning tree for a randomly generated set of nodes. To optimize this nature inspired branching structure, furthermore an evolutionary algorithm was applied for improving the spatial distribution of the pattern. For the validation of the design, electrical solar cell simulations were carried out. In addition, solar cell prototypes were manufactured, utilizing two alternative metallization approaches, inkjet printing and electroplating. Because of minimizing the line width, realized with the help of the alternative metallization approaches, as well as applying the developed bionic design, a reduction of the metal amount of the front metallization and therefore a minimization of the front shading is feasible.
Interface States Observation between Atomic Layer Deposited Aluminum Oxide Layer and Si by Photoelectron Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Ikeno, N.
name: Yamashita, Y.
name: Chikyow, T.
name: Ogura, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2015
Subjects: WAFER-BASED SILICON SOLAR CELLS AND MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 998-999
description: We evaluated AlOx/Si interface to clarify relation between passivation properties and interface states by using photoelectron spectroscopy with high energy X-ray. AlOx passivation layers were deposited on both surfaces of p-type (100) silicon substrates by O3-based batch-type atomic layer deposition (ALD) method at room temperature (R.T.). Post deposition annealing was performed at 450 oC with inert atmosphere. The 30 nm-thick AlOx exhibited two orders of magnitude higher negative fixed charge density than 10 nm –thick one. This can be attributed larger valence band offset at AlOx/Si interface with higher O/Al ratio probably due to the longer O3 exposure.
Mental privacy in the age of neurotechnology
Creators: name: Bothoff, Shannon Brenda
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2022
Subjects: privacy
technological innovations
freedom of thought

description: Second semester University: Uppsala University
description: Recently, it has been argued that the current international human rights framework is inadequate to address the risks posed by neurotechnology. Within this debate, it is suggested that we need a new human right to mental privacy. But do we really need it? Or are existing human rights, such as the right to freedom of thought, flexible enough to provide adequate protection? We are entering the era of neurotechnology, and more specifically of Brain-Computer-Interfaces (BCIs), which is a technology that connects people's brains directly to machines, such as computers and mobile phones. This has enormous consequences, for the brain is not just an organ. It is the organ that generates all our mental and cognitive activity; it touches the core of our being. This thesis examines to what extent the right to freedom of thought in the European context offers protection against the potential risks posed by BCIs to mental privacy. To this end, a legal doctrinal study was conducted. This thesis will argue that the right to freedom of thought is flexible enough to protect mental privacy. This fits within the “living-instrument doctrine”. Interpreting the law in the light of present-day conditions is daily practice in the world of law. This thesis therefore concludes that a new human right to mental privacy is not necessary.
UniSAFE: University Of Warwick – institutional policy to address gender-based violence
Creators: name: Andreska, Zuzana
name: Huck, Averil
name: Linkova, Marcela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Gender based-violence
policy framework
gender+
institutional policy

description: UniSAFE has mapped the policies and measures to address and combat GBV in 48 universities and research organisations in 15 European countries. For each institution, the team created Vignettes which present national context, institutional policy, training, role in knowledge production, content of the policy, institutional procedure and implementation of the policy.
Optimization of the KOH Texturing Process: Benchmarking on Minority Carrier Lifetime and on n-PERT Solar Cell Performance
Creators: name: Hajjiah, A.
name: Haslinger, M.
name: Récaman Payo, M.
name: Kuzma-Filipek, I.
name: Li, Y.
name: Duerinckx, F.
name: John, J.
name: Szlufcik, J.
name: Poortmans, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2015
Subjects: WAFER-BASED SILICON SOLAR CELLS AND MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 956-961
description: We report on the progress of wet chemical process development for saw damage removal and silicon surface texturing in n-type passivated emitter with rear totally diffused (n-PERT) solar cells. A KOH based saw damage removal (SDR) and texturing process sequence has been developed which provides both, improved solar cell efficiency and reduction in cost of ownership. On the bases of our best electrical and optical performance we were able to define our optimized KOH based wet process (5 μm SDR + 4.5 μm texturing) in comparison with the reference KOH wet process (0 μm SDR + 9 μm texturing). The optimized texturing wet process provides a reflectance value of less than 10% with a process time of 8 min in 2% KOH solution. The emitter saturation current density (Joe) using the optimized KOH process is extracted from a symmetric lifetime vehicle to be between 30-40 fA/cm2 for BBr3 emitter passivated with ALD-Al2O3. The Best Known Process (BKP) for SDR + TEX is determined to be, SDR: 5 μm (3.5 min) KOH 20%, 70C and TEX: 4.5 μm (8 min) KOH 2%, 80C. This BKP has been implemented in an n-type PERT with rear emitter and resulted in conversion cell efficiency of 20.6% (average cells) and 20.8% (best cell) as a fist attempt on large area (156x156 mm2) CZ-Si based cells.
Metallization of Silicon Solar Cells Using ps- and ns-Pulsed Lasers
Creators: name: Munoz-Martin, D.
name: Chen, Y.
name: Morales, M.
name: Molpeceres, C.
name: Grishin, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2015
Subjects: WAFER-BASED SILICON SOLAR CELLS AND MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 962-964
description: Metallization plays a fundamental role in the fabrication of solar cells and it is then a key process for
enhancing the efficiency of silicon solar cells in a cost effective way. In this work, Laser Induced Forward Transfer
(LIFT) technique has been used to direct write the metallic contacts (fingers and busbars) onto c-Si cells. Commercial
silver pastes, used in conventional screen-printing process, are deposited onto a glass substrate, placed over the cell,
and transferred be means of focusing a laser pulse in the interface between the paste and the glass substrate.
Standard ns-pulsed diode pumped solid state lasers and new generation ps-pulsed industrial lasers have been used as
laser sources for LIFT. Fine parameterization of the process is needed. Single dots of paste have been transfer in a
wide parametric window. Once the optima experimental conditions are determined, it is possible using both pulse
time durations to transfer large material volumes per pulse (~102 pL) and define metallic lines with large aspect
ratios.
Analysis of the Capital Structure of German Companies with the SSA and SVM
Creators: name: Pohlmann, Tim Fabien
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: stufenweise Aggregation
subject: Stützvektor Maschinen
subject: Unternehmensklassifikation
subject: Kapitalstruktur
subject: company rating
subject: support vector machines
subject: stagewise aggregation
subject: capital structure
subject: 310 Statistik
subject: 330 Wirtschaft

description: This thesis presents and compares the performance of two recently developed classification methods namely the Spatial Stagewise Aggregation procedure and Support Vector Machines. Both techniques are convenient for the application to corporate bankruptcy analysis, in terms of calculation of default probabilities. Repeated random selection simulations varying with respect to variable and record choices for both methods proved a clear superiority in terms of the hit rate, representing the percentage of correctly classified observations, in favor of the SVM. Moreover the thesis presents a way to derive recommendations with respect to the capital structure policy of German manufacturing industry firms on the basis of the evaluated default probabilities.
Group Equivariant Convolutional Networks
Creators: name: Cohen, Taco S.
name: Welling, Max
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce Group equivariant Convolutional Neural Networks (G-CNNs), a natural generalization of convolutional neural networks that reduces sample complexity by exploiting symmetries. G-CNNs use G-convolutions, a new type of layer that enjoys a substantially higher degree of weight sharing than regular convolution layers. G-convolutions increase the expressive capacity of the network without increasing the number of parameters. Group convolution layers are easy to use and can be implemented with negligible computational overhead for discrete groups generated by translations, reflections and rotations. G-CNNs achieve state of the art results on CIFAR10 and rotated MNIST.
All-optical mode unscrambling on a silicon photonic chip
Creators: name: Annoni, Andrea
name: Guglielmi, Emanuele
name: Carminati, Marco
name: Ferrari, Giorgio
name: Sampietro, Marco
name: Miller, David A. B.
name: Melloni, Andrea
name: Morichetti, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Propagation of light beams through scattering or multimode systems may lead to randomization of the spatial coherence of the light. Although information is not lost, its recovery requires a coherent interferometric reconstruction of the original signals, which have been scrambled into the modes of the scattering system. Here, we show that we can automatically unscramble four optical beams that have been arbitrarily mixed in a multimode waveguide, undoing the scattering and mixing between the spatial modes through a mesh of silicon photonics Mach-Zehnder interferometers. Using embedded transparent detectors and a progressive tuning algorithm, the mesh self-configures automatically and reset itself after significantly perturbing the mixing, without turning off the beams. We demonstrate the recovery of four separate 10 Gbits/s information channels, with residual cross-talk between beams of -20dB. This principle of self-configuring and self-resetting in optical systems should be applicable in a wide range of optical applications.
description: 23 pages, 10 figures
Superuniversality of topological quantum phase transition and global phase diagram of dirty topological systems in three dimensions
Creators: name: Goswami, Pallab
name: Chakravarty, Sudip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum phase transition between two clean, non interacting topologically distinct gapped states in three dimensions is governed by a massless Dirac fermion fixed point, irrespective of the underlying symmetry class, and this constitutes a remarkably simple example of superuniversality. For a sufficiently weak disorder strength, we show that the massless Dirac fixed point is at the heart of the robustness of superuniversality. We establish this by considering both perturbative and nonperturbative effects of disorder. The superuniversality breaks down at a critical strength of disorder, beyond which the topologically distinct localized phases become separated by a delocalized diffusive phase. In the global phase diagram, the disorder controlled fixed point where superuniversality is lost, serves as a multicritical point, where the delocalized diffusive and two topologically distinct localized phases meet and the nature of the localization-delocalization transition depends on the underlying symmetry class. Based on these features we construct the global phase diagrams of noninteracting, dirty topological systems in three dimensions. We also establish a similar structure of the phase diagram and the superuniversality for weak disorder in higher spatial dimensions. By noting that $1/r^2$ power-law correlated disorder acts as a marginal perturbation for massless Dirac fermion in any spatial dimension $d$, we have established a general renormalization group framework for addressing disorder driven critical phenomena for fixed spatial dimension $d > 2$.
description: 25 pages, 6 figures; replaced with the version accepted by Phys. Rev. B
From Lab to Fab: Bifacial n-Type Cells Entering Industrial Production
Creators: name: Lossen, J.
name: Buchholz, F.
name: Comparotto, C.
name: Eisert, S.
name: Libal, J.
name: Mihailetchi, V.D.
name: Wefringhaus, E.
name: Rossetto, M.
name: Discato, D.
name: Traverso, F.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2015
Subjects: WAFER-BASED SILICON SOLAR CELLS AND MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 965-968
description: Challenges and advancements of manufacturing the BiSoN cell concept of ISC Konstanz in the
industrial production line of MegaCell srl are reported. As for processing BiSoN cells only standard equipment is
needed, a fast transfer of processes from laboratory to production was possible, allowing for starting series production
with median efficiencies above 19% after only some test runs. In a phase of debugging and process optimization
several drawbacks limiting cell efficiency could be identified and extinguished. Especially for the wet processes the
transfer from lab to fab required adaptations. After three months of operation a median production efficiency of
19.8% was reached, with identified potential for further improvements.
Evaluation of Series Resistance and Fill Factor Losses in MWT-PERC Solar Cells
Creators: name: Woo, J.
name: Meng, X.
name: Wang, X.-S.
name: Xing, G.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2015
Subjects: WAFER-BASED SILICON SOLAR CELLS AND MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 926-931
description: Canadian Solar Inc. (CSI) has developed the first generation of MWT product (ELPS 1.0), and now is
trying to upgrade it to ELPS 2.0. On cell level, the technology upgrade mainly involves the combination of the
passivated emitter and rear cell (PERC). However, these cells suffer from 1~2% fill factors loss due to an increased
series resistance. In this paper, we analyze the main cause of this increase. We vary the rear point contact geometry
over a wide range. By subtracting the respective contribution of the base from the measured series resistance, we
extract a value of (2.86 ± 0.37) mΩ·cm2 for the effective specific contact resistivity c on 0.8Ω∙cm Cz wafers with
point aluminum contacts. We verify this value by four point probe measurement resulting in a contact resistivity of
3.2~4 mΩ·cm2. The c determined by two different ways agree with each other well, indicating the little dependence
of c on point contact size and pitch. By means of the c value, we are able to evaluate the total series resistance and
the fill factor losses of MWT-PERC solar cells on 0.8Ω∙cm Cz wafers.
The diversity and community dynamics of hazelwood lichens and bryophytes along a major gradient of human impact
Creators: name: Belinchón, Rocío
name: Coppins, Brian J.
name: Yahr, Rebecca
name: Ellis, Christopher J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Background: Oceanic hazelwoods in western Scotland are hypothesised to be unmanaged post-glacial relicts, representing an unusual type of old-growth forest habitat in Europe. They are characterised by an exceptionally high epiphytic diversity, including their status as ‘hotspots’ for indicators of woodland ecological continuity. Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of climate, pollution and management on the occurrence of epiphytic lichens and bryophytes on Corylus avellana. Methods: Thirteen hazelwood study sites were systematically sampled along a climate, pollution and management gradient in Britain. Epiphyte composition and richness were examined in a strict hierarchical framework, and compared against site-, stool- and stem-scale environmental predictors. Results: The study showed that along the gradient from ‘clean-air’ relict sites to ‘polluted’ coppiced sites: (i) epiphytic local stem-scale diversity declined, (ii) there was a loss of late-successional species including foliose cyano- and tripartite lichens and bryophytes and (iii) stem sizes were reduced, providing a further limit to the accumulation of species richness within a site. Conclusions: Relict hazelwoods in western Scotland are confirmed as an example of the most intact epiphyte communities. In particular, we show that the transition to coppicing can be clearly linked to ecological processes causing species loss.
Simulation and Measurement of Angle Resolved Reflectance from Black Si Surfaces
Creators: name: Schmidt Davidson, R.
name: Wu, K.
name: Stenbæk Schmidt, M.
name: Boisen, A.
name: Hansen, O.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2015
Subjects: WAFER-BASED SILICON SOLAR CELLS AND MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
Silicon Solar Cell Characterisation and Modelling

description: 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 845-847
description: In this work angle-resolved reflectance from nanostructured Si surfaces realized by maskless RIE texturing has been simulated and measured. The simulation and experimental measurement data show the same trend. Experimentally a total reflectance below 1% for incident angles below 30o and specular reflectance below 0.1% at incident angles below 70o is seen. In both simulation and experiment the specular reflectance is below 10% at incident angles below 65o and below 1% at incident angles below 45o in the case of non-linear graded refractive index. From the simulation results the non-linear graded refractive index yields lower reflectance than the linearly graded refractive index.
Investigation of Interface between Sputtered NiV/Ag and TCO Layer in Back Side Metallization for High Efficiency Heterojunction Solar Cell
Creators: name: Chang, J.
name: Chen, F.-S.
name: Chen, M.-Y.
name: Shieh, W.-C.
name: Shih, Z.-Y.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2015
Subjects: WAFER-BASED SILICON SOLAR CELLS AND MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
Manufacturing Issues and Processing

description: 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 890-892
description: The silicon heterojunction (SHJ) technology is evolving rapidly with new concepts and ideas for systematically improve efficiency and decrease cost. Using the sputtered NiV/Ag film to substitute standard screen printing technology in the back side is common method to reduce the cost. In this work, we report on the first observation of the adhesives problem in the interface between Ag film and transparent conducting oxide (TCO) layer when the ribbons are standard soldering on the cell, and propose ways to improve it. This work focuses on analyzing the interface and adhesion for heterojunction solar cells. Especially the formed amorphous on TCO layer will be discussed and compared to standard without amorphous TCO layer. Electrical characterizations, adhesive strength tests have been used to quantify the characteristics of the cell performance. It will be shown that a long term stable structure with amorphous TCO layer is possible with industrial methods.
Electron interaction with the angular momentum of the electromagnetic field
Creators: name: O'Connell, R. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a simple derivation and explanation of a recently proposed new relativistic interaction between the electron and the angular momentum of the electromagnetic field in quantum electrodynamics (QED). Our derivation is based on the work of Moller, who pointed out that, in special relativity, a particle with spin must always have a finite extension. We generalize Mollers classical result to the quantum regime and show that it leads to a new contribution to the energy, which is the special relativistic interaction term. In addition, we show that all spin terms arising from the Dirac equation may be obtained by this method.
description: 3 pages
Extension of 1-D Analysis for a First Approximation of Optical and Recombination Losses in MWT Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Razzaq, A.
name: Chen, J.
name: Duerinckx, F.
name: Poortmans, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2015
Subjects: WAFER-BASED SILICON SOLAR CELLS AND MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
Silicon Solar Cell Characterisation and Modelling

description: 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 858-860
description: Minimizing optical and recombination losses is critical in designing high efficiency solar cells. 3-D simulation tools, such as Sentaurus, require very fine details for accurately analyzing a solar cell design. 3-D simulation can therefore be very time consuming and perhaps even unnecessary when doing simple analysis. 1-D simulation tools on the other hand, cannot be directly used for two-dimensional cell structures such as MWT-PERT. This paper presents an extension of the 1-D approach for estimating optical and recombination losses in a MWT-PERT cell in the absence of series and shunt resistances. Furthermore, the approach was also applied to the H-pattern PERT cell and comparisons between JSC and VOC were drawn for the two cell structures.
Analysis of Low Temperature Current-Voltage Measurements under Illumination of Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells
Creators: name: Mikolasek, M.
name: Kovác, J.
name: Huran, J.
name: Perný, M.
name: Saly, V.
name: Harmatha, L.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2015
Subjects: WAFER-BASED SILICON SOLAR CELLS AND MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
Silicon Solar Cell Characterisation and Modelling

description: 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 817-820
description: In this paper we presented the simulation study of low temperature light output performacne of p-type
silicon heterojunction solar cells. It is shown that fill factor measured as a function of temperature is strongly
connected with presence of barriers for carrier collection and thus can be employed to gain an insight on the
properties of heterojunctions in solar cell. For solar cells with low defect states at the interfaces, the temperature of
FF maxima is directly related with conduction band offset. Results show strong influence of the parasitic Schottky
barrier presented at the collection contact of the solar cell on the open-circuit voltage at low temperatures. The onset
of the open-circuit voltage saturation is directly related to the Schottky barrier value. Presented study shows that
measuring of temperature dependent output parameters of heterojunction solar cell can provide information about
quality of collection contacts as well as can be used for estimation of conduction band offset.
UniSAFE: University of Liege - institutional policy to address gender-based violence
Creators: name: Andreska, Zuzana
name: Huck, Averil
name: Linkova, Marcela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Gender based-violence
policy framework
gender+
institutional policy

description: UniSAFE has mapped the policies and measures to address and combat GBV in 48 universities and research organisations in 15 European countries. For each institution, the team created Vignettes which present national context, institutional policy, training, role in knowledge production, content of the policy, institutional procedure and implementation of the policy.
Constraining the supermassive black holes evolution through the continuity equation
Creators: name: Tucci, Marco
name: Volonteri, Marta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The population of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) is composed by quiescent SMBHs, such as those seen in local galaxies including the Milky Way's, and active ones, resulting in quasars and active galactic nuclei (AGN). Outside our neighbourhood, all the information we have on SMBHs is derived from quasars and AGN, giving us a partial view. We study the evolution of the SMBH population, total and active, by the continuity equation, backwards in time from z=0 to z=4. Type-1 and type-2 AGN are differentiated in the model on the basis of the Eddington ratio distribution, chosen on the basis of observational estimates. The duty cycle is obtained by matching the luminosity function of quasars, and the average radiative efficiency is the only free parameter in the model. For higher radiative efficiencies (>~0.07) a large fraction of the SMBH population, most of them quiescent, must already be in place by z=4. For lower radiative efficiencies (~0.05), the duty cycle increases with the redshift and the SMBH population evolves dramatically since z=4. The mass function of active SMBHs does not depend on the choice of the radiative efficiency or of the local SMBH mass function, but it is mainly determined by the quasar luminosity function, once the Eddington ratio distribution is fixed. Only a direct measurement of the total BHMF at redshifts z>~2 could break these degeneracies giving important constraints on the average radiative efficiency. Focusing on type-1 AGN, for which observational estimates of the mass function and Eddington ratio distribution exist at various redshift, models with lower radiative efficiencies reproduce better the high-mass end of the mass function at high-z, but they tend to over-predict it at low-z, and vice-versa for models with higher radiative efficiencies.
description: 17 pages, 18 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Moser's theorem on manifolds with corners
Creators: name: Bruveris, Martins
name: Michor, Peter W.
name: Parusinski, Adam
name: Rainer, Armin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C65, 58A10

description: Moser's theorem (1965) states that the diffeomorphism group of a compact manifold acts transitively on the space of all smooth positive densities with fixed volume. Here we describe the extension of this result to manifolds with corners. In particular we obtain Moser's theorem on simplices. The proof is based on Banyaga's paper (1974), where Moser's theorem is proven for manifolds with boundary. A cohomological interpretation of Banyaga's operator is given, which allows a proof of Lefschetz duality using differential forms.
description: 9 pages; mistakes corrected, final accepted version
Impact of Glass Frit in Ag/Al Paste on Electrical Properties of Bifacial N-Type Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Aoyama, T.
name: Yoshino, Y.
name: Sawamoto, N.
name: Ogura, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2015
Subjects: WAFER-BASED SILICON SOLAR CELLS AND MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 752-756
description: N-type silicon is used for high-efficiency crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells such as interdigitated
buck contact solar cells and heterojunction with intrinsic thin layer solar cells [1][2]. However, these solar cells do
not use thick film metallization with firing process, because n-type c-Si solar cells with thick film metallization lose
the efficiency due to the loss in open circuit voltage Voc [3]. The loss in Voc is induced by metallization with
conductive paste such as silver/aluminum (Ag/Al) paste for p+-Si emitter [4][5]. In this study, the effect of the glass
frit composition in Ag/Al paste for p+-Si emitter on electrical properties of bifacial n-type c-Si solar cells is
investigated. The dependence of fill factor FF and Voc on the composition ratio of PbO and SiO2 (PbO/SiO2) in the
glass frit is examined in detail. When the total molar ratios of PbO and SiO2 in the glass composition are high, the
dependence of FF on PbO/SiO2 in the glass is weak. On the contrary, for such a glass frit composition, the Voc
degrades with increasing the ratio of PbO/SiO2. In addition, the shunt resistance easily decreases, and the diffusion
current density J01 easily increases. The results indicate that the glass frit in Ag/Al paste is a key to achieve highefficiency
n-type c-Si solar cells.
Epitaxial Interdigitated Back Contact (IBC) Solar Cell Test Platform for Novel Light Trapping Schemes
Creators: name: Nawabjan, A.
name: Rahman, T.
name: Tarazona, A.
name: Bagnall, D.M.
name: Boden, S.A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2015
Subjects: WAFER-BASED SILICON SOLAR CELLS AND MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 783-787
description: An Interdigitated Back Contact (IBC) solar cell is being developed for evaluation of emerging light
trapping schemes of silicon nanowire arrays on pyramidal textured surfaces. The front surface of the baseline IBC
cell design was optimized with a thin film coating considering both antireflection and passivation to reduce surface
recombination. Addition of a front surface field (FSF) was shown to improve the surface passivation of the cell.
PC2D simulations of the baseline device predict an efficiency of 17.4%. Silicon nanowire arrays and hybrid
structures of silicon nanowires on pyramids were successfully fabricated. Hemispherical reflectance measurements
show that a weighted average reflectance of just 1.89% was achieved. With adequate surface passivation, these
highly-effective antireflective structures could result in a power conversion efficiency increase compared to
traditional light trapping methods when incorporated into the IBC cell.
Complete connections on fiber bundles
Creators: name: del Hoyo, Matias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Every smooth fiber bundle admits a complete (Ehresmann) connection. This result appears in several references, with a proof on which we have found a gap, that does not seem possible to remedy. In this note we provide a definite proof for this fact, explain the problem with the previous one, and illustrate with examples. We also establish a version of the theorem involving Riemannian submersions.
description: 5 pages. Revised version. A misleading typo on the proof of the main theorem is fixed (the open W_i should be defined by using V_i instead of U_i)
Response Dynamics, Nash Equilibria and Random Games
Creators: name: AMIET, BENJAMIN JOHN
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Probability theory

description: Pure Nash equilibria are foundational to the field of game theory. We use a "random games" approach to understand both how likely Nash equilibria are to exist, and also how effective various iterative procedures are at locating them. We address games with many players that can each choose from two actions (and introduce a novel connection between game theory and percolation theory), and games with two players that can choose from many actions. We also allow for ties in the scores that players can earn in these games, which yields many different game behaviours.
p+ Doped Layers in p-Type and n-type Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Goyal, P.
name: Urrejola, E.
name: Voillot, J.
name: Hong, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2015
Subjects: WAFER-BASED SILICON SOLAR CELLS AND MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 746-748
description: In this work, we test the use of boron doped silicon oxide (p-SiOx) layers, as a boron diffusion source
to form p+ layers inside crystalline silicon substrates. The p-SiOx layers are deposited with non conventional gas
mixture He/HMDSO/CO2/B2H6 by Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition process. We demonstrate high
thermal stability of the layers during thermal diffusion up to 1050°C. The surface concentration of active carriers was
controlled by the thickness of p-SiOx layer and the p+/n junction depth by the time of thermal diffusion. A sheet
resistance of 120 Ohm/square was obtained for 400 nm thick p-SiOx layer. Furthermore, we determine the optimum
concentration of active carriers in p+ layers in both p-type and n-type crystalline silicon solar cells through simulation
procedure. We found a theoretical efficiency of 20.2% (p-type c-Si solar cell) for a boron concentration of 8.1019
at/cm3, and 20.9% (n-type c-Si solar cell) for a boron concentration of 3.1019 at/cm3.
Examining nuclear effects in neutrino interactions with transverse kinematic imbalance
Creators: name: Pickering, Luke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a Monte Carlo truth study examining nuclear effects in charged-current neutrino interactions using observables constructed in the transverse plane. Three distributions are introduced that show very weak dependence on neutrino flux and its associated uncertainty. Measurements comparing these distributions between quasi-elastic-like and single charged pion final states will provide new constraints of nuclear effects. It is suggested that the on-axis position in the NuMI beam provides the correct flux to take advantage of this reduced energy dependence in measuring nuclear effect-generated transverse imbalances.
description: 10 pages, 12 figures, proceedings for a talk at NuInt2015, to be published in JPSJ