cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Large-scale Binary Quadratic Optimization Using Semidefinite Relaxation and Applications
Creators: name: Wang, Peng
name: Shen, Chunhua
name: Hengel, Anton van den
name: Torr, Philip H. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In computer vision, many problems such as image segmentation, pixel labelling, and scene parsing can be formulated as binary quadratic programs (BQPs). For submodular problems, cuts based methods can be employed to efficiently solve large-scale problems. However, general nonsubmodular problems are significantly more challenging to solve. Finding a solution when the problem is of large size to be of practical interest, however, typically requires relaxation. Two standard relaxation methods are widely used for solving general BQPs--spectral methods and semidefinite programming (SDP), each with their own advantages and disadvantages. Spectral relaxation is simple and easy to implement, but its bound is loose. Semidefinite relaxation has a tighter bound, but its computational complexity is high, especially for large scale problems. In this work, we present a new SDP formulation for BQPs, with two desirable properties. First, it has a similar relaxation bound to conventional SDP formulations. Second, compared with conventional SDP methods, the new SDP formulation leads to a significantly more efficient and scalable dual optimization approach, which has the same degree of complexity as spectral methods. We then propose two solvers, namely, quasi-Newton and smoothing Newton methods, for the dual problem. Both of them are significantly more efficiently than standard interior-point methods. In practice, the smoothing Newton solver is faster than the quasi-Newton solver for dense or medium-sized problems, while the quasi-Newton solver is preferable for large sparse/structured problems. Our experiments on a few computer vision applications including clustering, image segmentation, co-segmentation and registration show the potential of our SDP formulation for solving large-scale BQPs.
description: Fixed some typos. 18 pages. Accepted to IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Testing the Wave-Particle Duality of Gravitational Wave Using the Spin-Orbital-Hall Effect of Structured Light
Creators: name: Wu, Qianfan
name: Zhu, Weishan
name: Feng, Longlong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Probing the polarization of gravitational waves (GWs) would provide an evidence of graviton, indicating the quantization of gravity. Motivated by the next generation of gravitational wave detectors, we make an attempt to study the possible helicity coupling of structured lights to GWs. With the analogue between of gravitational fields and the generic electromagnetic media, we present a 4-vector optical Dirac equation based on the Maxwell theory under the paraxial approximation. It is found that twisted lights propagating in a gravitational field can be viewed as a non-Hermitian system with the $\mathcal{PT}$ symmetry. We further demonstrate that the coupling effect between angular momentums of the GWs and twisted lights may make photons undergo both dipole and quadrupole transitions between different orbital-angular-momentum(OAM) eigenstates and leads to some measurable optical features, including the central intensity brightening and macroscopic rotation of the intensity pattern for twisted lights. The former is spin-independent while the later is spin dependent phenomena, both of which can be viewed alternatively as the spin-orbital-Hall effect of structured lights in the GWs and can serve as an indicator of the particle nature of GWs.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures, totally revised version with the new title, method (based on the developed optical Dirac equation), figures, expanded results and perspectives
title: Analyse der Habitatnutzung eines weiblichen Luchses in Thüringen
Creators: name: Eggert, Mathis
Publisher: name: Fachhochschule Erfurt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Luchs
subject: Wildtier-Telemetrie
subject: Habitat
subject: Thüringen
subject: 630

description: Im Zeitraum vom 06.07.2021 bis 19.11.2021 gelang es einen weiblichen Luchs im Saale-Orla-Kreis, im Süden des Freistaates Thüringen, telemetrisch zu überwachen. Dabei wurden 262 GPS-Lokalisationen erzeugt und die Habitatnutzung sowie die Raum-/Zeitnutnutzung untersucht. Das GPS-Halsband sendet um 00:00 Uhr und 12:00 Uhr die Position des Tieres. Die Luchsin hielt sich in einem 128 km² großen Streifgebiet auf, welches eine Kulturlandschaft mit 45 % Waldanteil ist und vom Hohenwarter Stausee und der Saale räumlich in zwei Areale geteilt wird. 90 % der Ortungen liegen in, von Nadelwald dominierten, Waldflächen. Nachts zeigt sich die Luchsin auch im Offenland. Sie hielt nachts geringere Distanzen zu anthropogenen Elementen ein und lief durchschnittlich 1,4 km zwischen zwei Tagespositionen. Zwischen Juli und November unternimmt die Luchsin weite Exkursionen und kehrt anschließend wieder in das 20 km² große Kernstreifgebiet zurück. Dabei gelang es ihr mehrmals die Saale zu überqueren. Weiterhin konnten 28 potenzielle Rissereignisse festgestellt werden, wovon die meisten eintägige und zweitägige Nutzungen aufweisen und von Literaturangaben zur Nutzungsdauer von Huftierrissen abweicht.
Tropical Real Hurwitz numbers
Creators: name: Markwig, Hannah
name: Rau, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14T05 (Primary) 05C30, 14N10 (Secondary)

description: In this paper, we define tropical analogues of real Hurwitz numbers, i.e. numbers of covers of surfaces with compatible involutions satisfying prescribed ramification properties. We prove a correspondence theorem stating the equality of the tropical numbers with their real counterparts. We apply this theorem to the case of double Hurwitz numbers (which generalizes our result from arXiv:1409.8095).
description: 21 pages, 16 figures; updated to fit published version
Additional file 2 of ImPROving TB outcomes by modifying LIFE-style behaviours through a brief motivational intervention followed by short text messages (ProLife): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Moriarty, Andrew
name: Goedele Louwagie
name: Mdege, Noreen
name: Neo Morojele
name: Tumbo, John
name: Olufemi Omole
name: Bachmann, Max
name: Kanaan, Mona
name: Turner, Astrid
name: Parrott, Steve
name: Siddiqi, Kamran
name: Olalekan Ayo-Yusuf
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Case report form. (DOCX 58 kb)
Course and predictors of eating disorder symptoms, anxiety symptoms, and pandemic-related eating disorder concerns among adults with eating disorders during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic
Creators: name: Borg, S.
name: Bulik, C.M.
name: Goode, R.W.
name: van Furth, E.F.
name: Sun, Q.
name: Thornton, L.M.
name: Birgegård, A.
name: Hedlund, E.L.
name: Watson, H.J.
name: Thompson, K.A.
name: Peat, C.M.
name: Termorshuizen, J.D.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2022

description: Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic and public health mitigation measures have negatively impacted individuals with eating disorders (ED). We evaluated changes in and predictors of ED symptoms, pandemic-related ED concerns, and anxiety symptoms across the first 12 months of the COVID-19 pandemic among individuals with self-reported EDs in the United States (US), Sweden (SE), and the Netherlands (NL). Method: Participants in the US (N = 510), SE (N = 982), and NL (N = 510) completed an online survey assessing ED symptoms (binge eating, restriction, compensatory behaviors, and anxiety about being unable to exercise), general anxiety symptoms, and pandemic-related ED concerns about accessing food, lack of structure and social support, being in a triggering environment, and food and treatment costs. In the US and NL, respondents completed surveys beginning April 2020 and continuing monthly for a year. In SE, respondents completed baseline surveys in May 2020, a six-month follow-up around December 2020, and a 12-month follow-up in May 2021. Results: Three patterns emerged: (1) a curvilinear course with the highest level of symptoms at baseline, declining through November 2020, and increasing through the rest of the year; (2) a linear declining course over time; and (3) a stable course with no changes. Worries about COVID-19 infection, lockdown, concerns about lack of structure and social support, and concerns about accessing food consistent with one's recovery meal plan predicted increases in ED symptoms. Discussion: ED symptoms tracked with pandemic-related concerns in people with EDs. Conceptualizing predictors of symptoms may inform therapy and public health resources that reduce the impact of pandemics on mental health. Public Significance: Our findings suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic had negative impacts on people with eating disorders, including amplification of mental health symptoms and stressors around peak periods of infection and COVID-19 restrictions. These findings inform medical providers, policy-makers, and community-based supports about the information and resource needs of this group to ensure efficient dissemination in future public health emergencies and during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
Work ability among older workers in an agriculturalcommunity in Nan province, Thailand: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Jate Ratanachina
name: Wilawan Mormoon
Publisher: name: Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Agricultural community
older worker
work ability

description: Chulalongkorn Medical Journal, 67, 2, 083-089
title: Telemetrie gestützte wildökologische Winterlebensraumbewertung für Rot- und Rehwild auf repräsentativen Flächen des Waldumbauprojekts in den mittleren, Hoch- und Kammlagen des Thüringer Waldes
Creators: name: Nalbach, Jan
Publisher: name: Fachhochschule Erfurt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Rothirsch
subject: Wildtier-Telemetrie
subject: Winterlebensraum
subject: Thüringer Wald
subject: 630

description: Das vorliegende Winterlebensraumgutachten zeigt erstmals, welche reellen Lebensraumbedingungen Rot- und Rehwild im Thüringer Wald im Winter zur Verfügung stehen. Dazu wurde stichpunktartig die Lebensraumqualität bestimmt und Telemetriedaten zur Raumnutzung des Rot- und Rehwildes ausgewertet. Dabei zeigt sich eine fundamentale Diskrepanz zwischen Sommer- und Winterlebensraumqualität. Das Untersuchungsgebiet stellt sich als unattraktiver Winterlebensraum da, indem das Wild zum Teil an Winterfütterungen gebunden ist. Die Raumnutzung und die Höhenlage der Streifgebiete zeigen einen Zusammenhang zur Tagesschneehöhe im Untersuchungsgebiet. Der von Winterfütterungen erzeugte Wildlenkungseffekt wird aktuell nicht ausgenutzt, könnte durch strategische Anpassungen jedoch zur Sicherung der walbaulichen Ziele innerhalb der Waldumbauzonen beitragen. Das angefertigte Winterlebensgutachten liefert in Bezug auf das Wildtiermanagement wertvolle Grundlagen für die Planung und Umsetzung der zukünftigen Waldumbauziele im Thüringer Wald.
MOESM1 of Re-recruiting postpartum women living with HIV into a follow-up study in Cape Town, South Africa
Creators: name: Phepo Mogoba
name: Gomba, Yolanda
name: Brittain, Kirsty
name: Phillips, Tamsin
name: Zerbe, Allison
name: Myer, Landon
name: Abrams, Elaine
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Additional tables.
Impact of Channel Correlation on Subspace-Based Activity Detection in Grant-Free NOMA
Creators: name: Tahir, Bashar
name: Schwarz, Stefan
name: Rupp, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we consider the problem of activity detection in grant-free code-domain non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA). We focus on performing activity detection via subspace methods under a setup where the data and pilot spreading signatures are of different lengths, and consider a realistic frame-structure similar to existing mobile networks. We investigate the impact of channel correlation on the activity detection performance; first, we consider the case where the channel exhibits high correlation in time and frequency and show how it can heavily deteriorate the performance. To tackle that, we propose to apply user-specific masking sequences overlaid on top of the pilot signatures. Second, we consider the other extreme with the channel being highly selective, and show that it can also negatively impact the performance. We investigate possible pilots' reallocation strategies that can help reduce its impact.
description: Accepted for publication at IEEE VTC2022-Spring
Experimental Study Of The Effect Of Lathe Steel Fiber On The Mechanical Properties Of Concrete
Creators: name: Khoso, Salim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 400504
subject: Construction engineering
classificationCode: 400505
subject: Construction materials
classificationCode: 400510
subject: Structural engineering

description: This experimental study presents the mechanical properties of concrete using lathe steel fiber. The utilization of such fibers in concrete work as reinforcing material could be used for the infrastructural development, ultimately solving the problem of waste and its impact on the environment. The experimental tests were conducted using different percentages of fibers (i.e., 0%, 1%, 1.5% and 2%) by total Concrete volume. Compressive and tensile strengths were determined and compared with conventional plain concrete. Twenty-four cubic and 24-cylinder specimens were prepared and cured for 28 days. The addition of lathe steel fibers increased compressive strength up to 1.5%, whereas further addition of fibers reduced the overall compressive strength. The optimum compressive strength was obtained at 1.5% of lathe steel fiber addition and is 27.4 MPa, 14.71% higher than the control specimens. The maximum tensile strength was also observed up to 1.5% steel fiber addition which is 3.30 MPa and is 4.75% more than the results of conventional concrete. The study showed that the compressive and tensile strengths have significantly improved with the increase in lathe steel fiber.
Vários, De cultu mariano, saeculis VI-XI. Acta Congressus Mariologici - Mariani Internationalis in Croatia anno 1971 celebrati. Vols. II, III, IV et V. Ed. Pontificiae Academiae Marianae Internationalis
Creators: name: Faria, Manuel Ferreira De
Publisher: name: Theologica
Year: 1978

description: Theologica, v. 13 n. 3-4 (1978)
Quarter-wave Resonator Based Tunable Coupler for Xmon Qubits
Creators: name: Wang, Hui
name: Zhao, Yan-Jun
name: Wang, Rui
name: Xu, Xun-Wei
name: Liu, Qiang
name: Wang, Jianhua
name: Jin, Changxin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a scheme of tunable coupler based on quarter-wave resonator for scalable quantum integrated circuits. The open end of the T-type resonator is capacitively coupled to two Xmon qubits, while another end is an asymmetric dc-SQUID which dominates the inductive energy of coupler resonator. The dc-Current applied through the flux bias line could change the magnetic flux inside the dc-SQUID, so the frequency of coupler resonator can be effectively tuned and the qubit-qubit coupling can be totally switched off. As the increase of junction asymmetry for the dc-SQUID, the coupling of SQUID's effective phase difference and cavity modes become smaller at required working frequency regime of coupler resonator, and this could reduce the descent of the resonator's quality factor. The separation between two cross-capacitor can be larger with help of transverses width of the T-shape resonator, and then the ZZ crosstalk coupling can be effectively suppressed. The asymmetric dc-SQUID is about 5 millimeters away from the Xmon qubits and only needs a small current on the flux bias line, which in principle creates less flux noises to superconducting Xmon qubits.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
title: Judging politically: Kant’s public right revisited
Creators: name: Bailey, Thomas
Publisher: name: London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
Year: 2022

description: This thesis offers a novel reading of Kant’s Doctrine of Right. It argues that The Doctrine of Right is plausibly read as a sustained exercise in practical political judgment. In the text, Kant reflexively formulates principles of political judgment – including the formal principle of political judgment – the idea of the general united will. According to this principle, to judge politically is to judge as a citizen. The thesis offers this interpretation in contrast to the mainstream of current scholarship on The Doctrine of Right, which is here termed ‘Kantian legalism’. This thesis argues that The Doctrine of Right is a fundamentally political text in which judgment is a key concept. Part One of this thesis begins by tracing the formulation of the idea of the general united will in the first part of The Doctrine of Right ‘Private Right’. The thesis then turns to ‘Public Right’ to argue that Kant’s account of political judgment based on the idea of the general united will stands in contrast to an ideal-theoretic account, the attribution of which to Kant Kantian legalism makes plausible. Part Two substantiates this account through three separate chapters which aim to show the consequences of this reading for interpreting public right in each of its three divisions: right of state, right of nations and cosmopolitan right. By revisiting Public Right, this thesis argues that The Doctrine of Right embraces the contingency of politics from the finite, human perspective that is characteristic of Kant’s philosophy.
Additional file 3: of Comparative genomic analysis suggests that the sperm-specific sodium/proton exchanger and soluble adenylyl cyclase are key regulators of CatSper among the Metazoa
Creators: name: Romero, Francisco
name: Nishigaki, Takuya
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S3. Sequeces of sNHE and sAC used for Molecular Phylogenetic analyses (PDF 60 kb)
Pikaza, Javíer - De La Calle, Francisco, Teologia de los Evangelios de Jesús. Ed. Sígueme. 1 vol. de 508 pgs. 140x215. Salamanca 1974
Creators: name: Faria, Manuel Ferreira De
Publisher: name: Theologica
Year: 1978

description: Theologica, v. 13 n. 3-4 (1978)
Additional file 4: of Comparative genomic analysis suggests that the sperm-specific sodium/proton exchanger and soluble adenylyl cyclase are key regulators of CatSper among the Metazoa
Creators: name: Romero, Francisco
name: Nishigaki, Takuya
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S1. Molecular phylogeny and domain compositions of sNHE and its homologues. (PDF 2120 kb)
On the Bartnik mass of apparent horizons
Creators: name: Mantoulidis, Christos
name: Schoen, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we characterize the intrinsic geometry of apparent horizons (outermost marginally outer trapped surfaces) in asymptotically flat spacetimes; that is, the Riemannian metrics on the two sphere which can arise. Furthermore we determine the minimal ADM mass of a spacetime containing such an apparent horizon. The results are conveniently formulated in terms of the quasi-local mass introduced by Bartnik in 1989. The Hawking mass provides a lower bound for Bartnik's quasilocal mass on apparent horizons by way of Penrose's conjecture on time symmetric slices, proven in 1997 by Huisken and Ilmanen and in full generality in 1999 by Bray. We compute Bartnik's mass for all non-degenerate apparent horizons and show that it coincides with the Hawking mass. As a corollary we disprove a conjecture due to Gibbons in the spirit of Thorne's hoop conjecture, and construct a new large class of examples of apparent horizons with the integral of the negative part of the Gauss curvature arbitrarily large.
description: v3: Added a diagram to illustrate the gluing, and a discussion that extends our initial data sets to local spacetimes with the DEC
Enhanced Cavity Optomechanics with Quantum-well Exciton Polaritons
Creators: name: Zambon, Nicola Carlon
name: Denis, Zakari
name: De Oliveira, Romain
name: Ravets, Sylvain
name: Ciuti, Cristiano
name: Favero, Ivan
name: Bloch, Jacqueline
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semiconductor microresonators embedding quantum wells can host tightly confined and mutually interacting excitonic, optical and mechanical modes at once. We theoretically investigate the case where the system operates in the strong exciton-photon coupling regime, while the optical and excitonic resonances are parametrically modulated by the interaction with a mechanical mode. Owing to the large exciton-phonon coupling at play in semiconductors, we predict an enhancement of polariton-phonon interactions by two orders of magnitude with respect to mere optomechanical coupling: a near-unity single-polariton quantum cooperativity is within reach for current semiconductor resonator platforms. We further analyze how polariton nonlinearities affect dynamical back-action, modifying the capability to cool or amplify the mechanical motion.
description: Final version, as published - 20 pages, 11 figures
Additional file 4: of Comparative genomic analysis suggests that the sperm-specific sodium/proton exchanger and soluble adenylyl cyclase are key regulators of CatSper among the Metazoa
Creators: name: Romero, Francisco
name: Nishigaki, Takuya
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S1. Molecular phylogeny and domain compositions of sNHE and its homologues. (PDF 312 kb)
No-go guide for late-time solutions to the Hubble tension: Matter perturbations
Creators: name: Cai, Rong-Gen
name: Guo, Zong-Kuan
name: Wang, Shao-Jiang
name: Yu, Wang-Wei
name: Zhou, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hubble tension seems to be a crisis with $\sim5σ$ discrepancy between the most recent local distance ladder measurement from type Ia supernovae calibrated by Cepheids and the global fitting constraint from the cosmic microwave background data. To narrow down the possible late-time solutions to the Hubble tension, we have used in a recent study [Phys. Rev. D 105, L021301 (2022)] an improved inverse distance ladder method calibrated by the absolute measurements of the Hubble expansion rate at high redshifts from the cosmic chronometer data, and found no appealing evidence for new physics at the late time beyond the $Λ$CDM model characterized by a parametrization based on the cosmic age. In this paper, we further investigate the perspective of this improved inverse distance ladder method by including the late-time matter perturbation growth data. Independent of the dataset choices, model parametrizations, and diagnostic quantities ($S_8$ and $S_{12}$), the new physics at the late time beyond the $Λ$CDM model is strongly disfavored so that the previous late-time no-go guide for the Hubble tension is further strengthened.
description: v1, 15 pages, 4 figures, 6 tables; v2, 16 pages, 5 figures, 6 tables, covariance matrix added for the cosmic chronometer data, accepted for publication in Physical Review D; v3, to match the published version
Clonal replacement sustains long-lived germinal centers primed by respiratory viruses
Creators: name: Baric, Ralph S.
name: Barbulescu, Alexandru
name: Utz, P. J.
name: Victora, Gabriel D.
name: Feng, Allan
name: Leist, Sarah R.
name: Jacobsen, Johanne T.
name: Phillips, Brooke K.
name: Canesso, Maria Cecilia C.
name: Castro, Tiago B. R.
name: Hoffmann, Hans-Heinrich
name: de Carvalho, Renan V. H.
name: Ersching, Jonatan
name: Hobbs, Alvaro
name: Nowosad, Carla R.
name: Parsa, Roham
name: Mesin, Luka
name: Yang, Emily
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Germinal centers (GCs) form in secondary lymphoid organs in response to infection and immunization and are the source of affinity-matured B cells. The duration of GC reactions spans a wide range, and long-lasting GCs (LLGCs) are potentially a source of highly mutated B cells. We show that rather than consisting of continuously evolving B cell clones, LLGCs elicited by influenza virus or SARS-CoV-2 infection in mice are sustained by progressive replacement of founder clones by naive-derived invader B cells that do not detectably bind viral antigens. Rare founder clones that resist replacement for long periods are enriched in clones with heavily mutated immunoglobulins, including some with very high affinity for antigen, that can be recalled by boosting. Our findings reveal underappreciated aspects of the biology of LLGCs generated by respiratory virus infection and identify clonal replacement as a potential constraint on the development of highly mutated antibodies within these structures.
Review of Staged Folklore: The National Folk Theatre of Ireland, by Susan H. Motherway and John O'Connell
Creators: name: Dillane, Aileen
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 360403
subject: Drama, theatre and performance studies

description: When a group of amateur performers came together in 1968 to imagine how they might channel their love of Irish culture and find a platform to share it with others, little did they know that these tentative steps would lead to the establishment of a National Folk Theatre that was supported at an official level and embraced nationally as a bastion of cultural production, presentation and preservation. Indeed, the endeavour Siamsa Tíre, established by Fr. Pat Ahern over fifty years ago, has become a beacon of sustainable cultural heritage and creativity that has embraced, rather than eschewed, tourism as something that might render performances inauthentic. A new book celebrating this Kerry institution charts the extraordinary journey during Ahern’s directorship (1968-1998) in smart and accessible essays that combine contributions from a star cast of scholars, practitioners and people directly involved in the history of the theatre. From its humble origins as a group of enthusiasts seeking to preserve their rich cultural, to the establishment of the National Folk Theatre in 1974, and onto the international stage where the company copper-fastened its brand and performance excellence abroad, Staged Folklore: Celebrating 30 Years of Siamsa Tíre offers insights into what was at stake, how it was achieved and why that matters.
Analysis of a continuum theory for broken bond crystal surface models with evaporation and deposition effects
Creators: name: Gao, Yuan
name: Liu, Jian-Guo
name: Lu, Jianfeng
name: Marzuola, Jeremy L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a $4$th order PDE with a $2$nd order correction that is a modification of one suggested by Peter Smereka using the tools of Krug et al (Z. Phys. B., 1994). First, we provide a non-rigorous derivation of the full model derived with a quadratic interaction potential using the rates and methods of the last author with Jonathan Weare (PRE, 2013). Then, we prove the existence of a global in time weak solution by regularizing the equation in a way that allows us to apply the tools of Bernis-Friedman (JDE, 1990). The methods developed here can be applied to a large number of $4$th order degenerate models. In an appendix, we also discuss the global smooth solution with small data in the Weiner algebra framework following recent developments using tools of the second author with Robert Strain (IFB, 2018).
description: Dedicated to the memory of Peter Smereka. 31 pages, 1 figure, comments welcome! References updated, comments from referee report included
ECPR: Environment- and Context-aware Combined Power and Rate Distributed Congestion Control for Vehicular Communications
Creators: name: Aygun, Bengi
name: Boban, Mate
name: Wyglinski, Alexander M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Safety and efficiency applications in vehicular networks rely on the exchange of periodic messages between vehicles. These messages contain position, speed, heading, and other vital information that makes the vehicles aware of their surroundings. The drawback of exchanging periodic cooperative messages is that they generate significant channel load. Decentralized Congestion Control (DCC) algorithms have been proposed to minimize the channel load. However, while the rationale for periodic message exchange is to improve awareness, existing DCC algorithms do not use awareness as a metric for deciding when, at what power, and at what rate the periodic messages need to be sent in order to make sure all vehicles are informed. We propose an environment- and context-aware DCC algorithm combines power and rate control in order to improve cooperative awareness by adapting to both specific propagation environments (e.g., urban intersections, open highways, suburban roads) as well as application requirements (e.g., different target cooperative awareness range). Studying various operational conditions (e.g., speed, direction, and application requirement), ECPR adjusts the transmit power of the messages in order to reach the desired awareness ratio at the target distance while at the same time controlling the channel load using an adaptive rate control algorithm. By performing extensive simulations, including realistic propagation as well as environment modeling and realistic vehicle operational environments (varying demand on both awareness range and rate), we show that ECPR can increase awareness by 20% while keeping the channel load and interference at almost the same level. When permitted by the awareness requirements, ECPR can improve the average message rate by 18% compared to algorithms that perform rate adaptation only.
description: 37 Pages, 12 Figures, 5 Tables, Elsevier Computer Communications, May 2016
Optical measurement of electron spins in quantum dots: Quantum Zeno effects
Creators: name: Leppenen, N. V.
name: Smirnov, D. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the effects of the quantum back action under continuous optical measurement of electron spins in quantum dots. We consider the system excitation by elliptically polarized light close to the trion resonance, which allows for the simultaneous spin orientation and measurement. We microscopically demonstrate that the nuclei-induced spin relaxation can be both suppressed and accelerated by the continuous spin measurement due to the quantum Zeno and anti-Zeno effects, respectively. Our theoretical predictions can be directly compared with the future experimental results and straightforwardly generalized for the pump-probe experiments.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1: of Clinical impact of variability on CT radiomics and suggestions for suitable feature selection: a focus on lung cancer
Creators: name: Seung-Hak Lee
name: Hwan-Ho Cho
name: Lee, Ho Yun
name: Hyunjin Park
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Feature extraction. (DOCX 409 kb)
Capturing Shape Information with Multi-Scale Topological Loss Terms for 3D Reconstruction
Creators: name: Waibel, Dominik J. E.
name: Atwell, Scott
name: Meier, Matthias
name: Marr, Carsten
name: Rieck, Bastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Reconstructing 3D objects from 2D images is both challenging for our brains and machine learning algorithms. To support this spatial reasoning task, contextual information about the overall shape of an object is critical. However, such information is not captured by established loss terms (e.g. Dice loss). We propose to complement geometrical shape information by including multi-scale topological features, such as connected components, cycles, and voids, in the reconstruction loss. Our method uses cubical complexes to calculate topological features of 3D volume data and employs an optimal transport distance to guide the reconstruction process. This topology-aware loss is fully differentiable, computationally efficient, and can be added to any neural network. We demonstrate the utility of our loss by incorporating it into SHAPR, a model for predicting the 3D cell shape of individual cells based on 2D microscopy images. Using a hybrid loss that leverages both geometrical and topological information of single objects to assess their shape, we find that topological information substantially improves the quality of reconstructions, thus highlighting its ability to extract more relevant features from image datasets.
description: Accepted at the 25th International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI)
Additional file 1: of Network analysis of dairy cattle movement and associations with bovine tuberculosis spread and control in emerging dairy belts of Ethiopia
Creators: name: Getnet Mekonnen
name: Gobena Ameni
name: Wood, James
name: Berg, Stefan
name: Conlan, Andrew
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Table S1. Nodes and connections in the overall cattle movement network. (DOCX 14 kb)
The role of ECMO in COVID-19 acute respiratory failure: Defining risk factors for mortality
Creators: name: Schneider, Andrew
name: Raff, Lauren
name: Boddie, Olivia
name: Gallaher, Jared
name: Charles, Anthony
name: Reid, Trista
name: Miller, Melissa B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Background Veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV ECMO) utilization increased substantially during the COVID-19 pandemic, but without patient selection criteria. Methods We conducted a retrospective review of all adult patients with COVID-19-associated ARDS placed on VV ECMO at our institution from April 2020 through June 2022. Results 162 patients were included (n = 95 Pre-Delta; n = 58 Delta; n = 9 Omicron). The frequency of ECMO duration greater than three weeks was variable by pandemic period (17% pre-Delta, 41% Delta, 22% Omicron, p = 0.003). In-hospital mortality was 60.5%. Age ≥50 years (RR 1.28, 95% CI 1.01, 1.62), ≥7 days of respiratory support (1.39, 95% CI 1.05, 1.83) and pre-cannulation renal failure requiring dialysis (RR 1.42, 95% CI 1.13, 1.78) were associated with mortality. Conclusions In this cohort of VV ECMO patients with COVID-19, older age, a longer duration of pre-ECMO respiratory support, and pre-ECMO renal failure all increased the risk of mortality by approximately 30%.
Consequences of the Dresden-II reactor data for the weak mixing angle and new physics
Creators: name: Sierra, D. Aristizabal
name: De Romeri, V.
name: Papoulias, D. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Dresden-II reactor experiment has recently reported a suggestive evidence for the observation of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering, using a germanium detector. Given the low recoil energy threshold, these data are particularly interesting for a low-energy determination of the weak mixing angle and for the study of new physics leading to spectral distortions at low momentum transfer. Using two hypotheses for the quenching factor, we study the impact of the data on: (i) The weak mixing angle at a renormalization scale of $\sim 10\,\text{MeV}$, (ii) neutrino generalized interactions with light mediators, (iii) the sterile neutrino dipole portal. The results for the weak mixing angle show a strong dependence on the quenching factor choice. Although still with large uncertainties, the Dresden-II data provide for the first time a determination of $\sin^2θ_W$ at such scale using coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering data. Tight upper limits are placed on the light vector, scalar and tensor mediator scenarios. Kinematic constraints implied by the reactor anti-neutrino flux and the ionization energy threshold allow the sterile neutrino dipole portal to produce up-scattering events with sterile neutrino masses up to $\sim 8\,$MeV. In this context, we find that limits are also sensitive to the quenching factor choice, but in both cases competitive with those derived from XENON1T data and more stringent that those derived with COHERENT data, in the same sterile neutrino mass range.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures. Statistical analysis improved; V3: matches published version in JHEP
Element-specific visualization of dynamic magnetic coupling in a Co/Py bilayer microstructure
Creators: name: Feggeler, Thomas
name: Meckenstock, Ralf
name: Spoddig, Detlef
name: Schöppner, Christian
name: Zingsem, Benjamin
name: Schaffers, Taddäus
name: Ohldag, Hendrik
name: Wende, Heiko
name: Farle, Michael
name: Ney, Andreas
name: Ollefs, Katharina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the element-specific and time resolved visualization of uniform ferromagnetic resonance excitations of a Permalloy (Py) disk - Cobalt (Co) stripe bilayer microstructure. The transverse high frequency component of the resonantly excited magnetization is sampled in the ps regime by a combination of ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) and scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM- FMR) recording snapshots of the local magnetization precession of Py and Co with nanometer spatial resolution. The approach allows us to individually image the resonant dynamic response of each element, and we find that angular momentum is transferred from the Py disk to the Co stripe and vice versa at their respective resonances. The integral (cavity) FMR spectrum of our sample shows an unexpected additional third resonance. This resonance is observed in the STXM-FMR experiments as well and our microscopic findings suggest that it is governed by magnetic exchange between Py and Co, showing for the Co stripe a difference in relative phase of the magnetization due to stray field influence.
description: Version submitted to New Journal of Physics
Perceptions and experiences with eating disorder treatment in the first year of COVID-19: A longitudinal qualitative analysis
Creators: name: Watson, H.
name: Agbozo, B.
name: Mueller, A.
name: Gwira, R.
name: Goode, R.W.
name: Noem, T.
name: Thornton, L.M.
name: Bulik, C.M.
name: Godoy, S.M.
name: Malian, H.
name: Wolfe, H.
name: Peat, C.M.
name: Olson, K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Objective: The COVID-19 pandemic created significant challenges in accessing and receiving treatment for individuals with eating disorders (EDs). The purpose of this study is to explore perceptions of and experiences with ED treatment during the first year of the pandemic among individuals with past and self-reported EDs in the United States. Methods: Online surveys were administered to adults (N = 510) with a past or current self-reported ED at 13 timepoints between April 2020 and May 2021. Using longitudinal qualitative analysis, 5651 free-text responses were examined to capture experiences with ED treatment and generate inferences of change over time. Results: We categorized results into four sequential, temporal quarters and identified patterns that explained participants' perceptions of facilitators, barriers, and experiences with ED treatment over time: Quarter 1. Treatment Disruption and Reorienting Recovery; Quarter 2. Accumulating COVID-19 Stress and Virtual Treatment Woes; Quarter 3. A Continuation of Inadequate Care; and Quarter 4. Ongoing Adaptation and Adjustment to Uncertainty. Participant experiences were marked by numerous barriers to accessing care, challenges adjusting to virtual treatment, unmet treatment needs, and beginning acceptance of telehealth. Discussion: Our findings present a timeline to help evaluate challenges related to navigating the switch to virtual care which created significant disruption to ED recovery. Participants spent much of the first year trying to adjust to unemployment, loss of insurance, and lack of access to in-person treatment. Future research should identify additional strategies to improve the receipt and experience of care for EDs. Public Significance: Our findings suggest that individuals with eating disorders were significantly challenged by accumulating COVID-19 stress, worsening symptomatology, and limited access to effective treatment during the first year of the pandemic. This knowledge can guide clinicians, treatment centers, and policy makers in addressing the behavioral health needs of individuals impacted by disordered eating amidst emergent public health crises.
Monatractides parvatiya Cook 1967
Creators: name: Pešić, Vladimir
name: Chatterjee, Tapas
name: Bordoloi, Sabitry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Torrenticolidae
Monatractides
Monatractides parvatiya

description: Monatractides parvatiya (Cook, 1967)
Records from the study area: Kerala, Tamil Nadu—“ Torenticola (Monatractides) parvatiya “ Cook (1967); “ T. parvatiya “ Prasad (1974).
Habitat: Streams.
Distribution: India.
description: Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Chatterjee, Tapas & Bordoloi, Sabitry, 2010, A checklist of the water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) of India, with new records and description of one new species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 2617 (1) on page 14, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2617.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/197964
Additional file 6: of Comparative genomic analysis suggests that the sperm-specific sodium/proton exchanger and soluble adenylyl cyclase are key regulators of CatSper among the Metazoa
Creators: name: Romero, Francisco
name: Nishigaki, Takuya
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S3. Representative alignment for the four transmembrane segments of the VSD (PDF 917 kb)
title: Thirty years after the German reunification - exploring stereotypes about East Germans on Twitter
Creators: name: Zehring, Maximilian
name: Dohmahidi, Emese
Publisher: name: TU Ilmenau
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: East Germany
subject: stereotypes
subject: Twitter
subject: automated text classification
subject: content analysis
subject: 620

description: Although further social category thinking on social media might harm the German democratic public sphere, the stereotyping of East Germans on social media has been under-researched so far. We combined computational text analysis and manual content analysis on N = 106,616 tweets to investigate the area of society to which the stereotypes apply, the kind of threat East Germans are described as, and what exact stereotypes exist. We show that stereotypic tweets about East Germans are relatively rare. East Germans are portrayed as a general political threat and are attributed right-wing attitudes, socioeconomic marginalization, and negative behaviors. The contextual stereotypes we found are in line with previous studies investigating traditional media and suggest that different groups, like Saxons, recur as targets of political stereotypes, depending on the events taking place. Practical implications of the results are discussed.
description: International journal of communication: IJoC, vol. 16, p. 4029