cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantifying genuine tripartite entanglement by reshaping the state
Creators: name: Dong, Dong-Dong
name: Li, Li-Juan
name: Song, Xue-Ke
name: Ye, Liu
name: Wang, Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although genuine multipartite entanglement (GME), as one quantum resource, is indispensable in quantum information processing, most of the existing measures cannot detect GME faithfully. In this paper, we present a novel GME measure, namely the minimum pairwise concurrence (MPC), by introducing pairwise entanglement, which characters the entanglement between two single-qubit subsystems of a multipartite system without tracing out the remaining qubit. The pairwise entanglement can be obtained by combining the entanglement of reduced subsystem and three-tangle. Compared with the existing measures, the MPC measure outperforms the previous ones in many aspects. Due to its fine properties, it thus is believed that the MPC could be one of good candidates in achieving potential quantum tasks and also facilitate the understanding for GME.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, comments are welcomed. Accepted by Physical Review A
Pilot study and early results of the Cosmic Filaments and Magnetism Survey with Nenufar: the Coma cluster field
Creators: name: Etienne, Bonnassieux
name: Tremou, Evangelia
name: Girard, Julien N.
name: Loh, Alan
name: Vacca, Valentina
name: Corbel, Stephane
name: Cecconi, Baptiste
name: Griessmeier, Jean-Mathias
name: Koopmans, Leon V. E.
name: Tagger, Michel
name: Theureau, Gilles
name: Zarka, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: NenuFAR, the New Extension in Nancay Upgrading LOFAR, is currently in its early science phase. It is in this context that the Cosmic Filaments and Magnetism Pilot Survey is observing sources with the array as it is still under construction - with 57 (56 core, 1 distant) out of a total planned 102 (96 core, 6 distant) mini-arrays online at the time of observation - to get a first look at the low-frequency sky with NenuFAR. One of its targets is the Coma galaxy cluster: a well-known object, host of the prototype radio halo. It also hosts other features of scientific import, including a radio relic, along with a bridge of emission connecting it with the halo. It is thus a well-studied object. In this paper, we show the first confirmed NenuFAR detection of the radio halo and radio relic of the Coma cluster at 34.4 MHz, with associated intrinsic flux density estimates: we find an integrated flux value of 106.3 +- 3.5 Jy for the radio halo, and 102.0 +- 7.4 Jy for the radio relic. These are upper bound values, as they do not include point-source subtraction. We also give an explanation of the technical difficulties encountered in reducing the data, along with steps taken to resolve them. This will be helpful for other scientific projects which will aim to make use of standalone NenuFAR imaging observations in the future.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, special issue of the Galaxies journal
Equilibrium properties and force-driven unfolding pathways of RNA molecules
Creators: name: Imparato, A.
name: Pelizzola, A.
name: Zamparo, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The mechanical unfolding of a simple RNA hairpin and of a 236--bases portion of the Tetrahymena thermophila ribozyme is studied by means of an Ising--like model. Phase diagrams and free energy landscapes are computed exactly and suggest a simple two--state behaviour for the hairpin and the presence of intermediate states for the ribozyme. Nonequilibrium simulations give the possible unfolding pathways for the ribozyme, and the dominant pathway corresponds to the experimentally observed one.
description: Main text + appendix, to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
title: Técnicas avanzadas de imagen en el diagnóstico de enfermedades pericárdicas adquiridas: Cardio-TC y Cardio RM.
Creators: name: Gutierrez Ramirez, Maria
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: Thorax
subject: MR
subject: MR-Functional imaging
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Hyperplasia / Hypertrophy
subject: Inflammation
subject: Obstruction / Occlusion

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Explicar el rol del pericardio en el funcionamiento normal del corazón. Describir las técnicas deCardio-TC (CTC)y Cardio-RM (CRM),
y sus ventajas alser técnicas no invasivas en la adquisición de imágenes del pericardio Conocer las imagenes de...
The design and operation of a completely automated liquid hydrogen or deuterium target
Creators: name: Currie-Johnson, Murray Allen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A self contained completely automated liquid hydrogen target has been built in the UBC Nuclear Physics Department for use in experiments at TRIUMF. The system is designed for use in secondary beam lines. The refrigerative system utilizes a CTI Cryodyne 1020 refrigerator capable of 10 watts at 20 K. The flask assembly, with a volume of 1 litre (extendable to 7 litres) is made of Mylar surrounded with 20 layers of superinsulation. The vacuum system is completely automated. The safety system is designed to shut the system down in a controlled manner in all types of failure. The cooling time of the system is of the order of 8 hours and hydrogen liquification rate is of the order of 1 litre/10 hours.
Health Outcomes Attributable to Housing Conditions in the United States
Creators: name: Engberg Brazeal, Miranda S
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This research was a cross-sectional examination of the effects of substandard housing conditions in the United States. Air sampling and interviews were performed for 85 housing units in the Chicago metropolitan area. Air metrics included concentration levels for formaldehyde, nitrogen dioxide, particulate matter, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ASHRAE 62.2 compliance. Health-related quality for occupants was assessed through the Short Form-36 scale. In addition, disease and monetary burden from pediatric asthma attributed to mold and moisture exposure in homes from the American Housing Survey. Homes that complied with the ASHRAE 62.2 standard had significantly lower levels of formaldehyde. When restricted to homes within the city limits of Chicago, there were statistically significant lower levels of formaldehyde and carbon dioxide in homes that were compliant with the standard. In general, the trend was that most contaminants were lower in ASHRAE 62.2 compliant homes. There was no statistically significant difference in self-reported occupant health-related quality of life outcomes between homes that were ASHRAE 62.2 compliant and those that were not. Modeling for physical health resulted in asthma, age, and carbon dioxide being significant variables. Modeling for mental health resulted in nicotine, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen dioxide being significant variables. However, it appeared that nicotine variable acted as a surrogate introduction of bias into the model because the directionality was opposite than expected. When the total air contaminant load was divided into tertiles there were no statistically significant differences observed. However, there was a consistent trend that increased air contamination load resulted in lower compliance with ASHRAE 62.2, lower physical health, and lower mental health. Estimates for the disease and monetary burden were calculated utilizing most recent data from 2008 and calculated in 2009 dollars. Mold accounted for 13,870 Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) and 5 deaths. Leaks from interior sources accounted for 29,839 DALYs and 11 deaths. Moisture from exterior sources accounted for 36,198 DALYs and 14 deaths. A combined factor of moisture from interior and exterior sources accounted for 60,136 DALYs and 23 deaths. The total cost of asthma for those under 15 that may be attributed to mold and moisture in homes was almost 2.4 billion dollars.
QCD radiation in the production of heavy colored particles at the LHC
Creators: name: Alwall, Johan
name: de Visscher, Simon
name: Maltoni, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of effects of QCD radiation in the production of heavy colored states, employing inclusive multi-jet samples obtained by matching matrix elements and parton showers. We discuss several examples showing that matched samples are in general not only more accurate than a parton shower alone, but also often indispensable to make reliable predictions of beyond the Standard Model signals.
description: 26 pages, 9 figures
title: El papel del radiólogo en el manejo de la secreción mamaria patológica: Hallazgos en imagen y herramientas diagnósticas
Creators: name: Sánchez Bernal, Sara
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Galactography
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Mammography
subject: Breast

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Realizar una revisión de los hallazgos en imagen (mamografía,
ecografía,
galactografía yresonancia magnética) encontrados en aquellas pacientes que presentan secreción mamariapatológica. Proponer un algoritmo diagnóstico de...
Balanced Air-Biased Detection of Terahertz Waveforms
Creators: name: Ohrt, Alexander Holm
name: Nagy, Olivér
name: Löscher, Robin
name: Saraceno, Clara J.
name: Zhou, Binbin
name: Jepsen, Peter Uhd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel balanced air-biased coherent detection scheme for capturing ultrabroadband terahertz (THz) waveforms is implemented. The balanced detection scheme allows for coherent detection at the full repetition rate of the laser system without requiring bias modulation, signal generators, or lock-in amplifiers while doubling the dynamic range and quadrupling the signal-to-noise ratio compared to conventional air-biased coherent detection. These advantages are achieved by rotating the bias electrodes by 90° relative to the conventional scheme. With a 1 kHz driving laser, the scheme enables sub-second, high-fidelity waveform acquisition with a continuously moving delay stage, demonstrated by collecting 200 waveforms in 100 s. The balanced detection scheme paves the way for much faster and higher quality 2D ultrabroadband terahertz spectroscopy.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Mean-Field Dynamics: Singular Potentials and Rate of Convergence
Creators: name: Knowles, Antti
name: Pickl, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82C10 (Primary), 35Q40, 35Q55, 82C21 (Secondary)

description: We consider the time evolution of a system of $N$ identical bosons whose interaction potential is rescaled by $N^{-1}$. We choose the initial wave function to describe a condensate in which all particles are in the same one-particle state. It is well known that in the mean-field limit $N \to \infty$ the quantum $N$-body dynamics is governed by the nonlinear Hartree equation. Using a nonperturbative method, we extend previous results on the mean-field limit in two directions. First, we allow a large class of singular interaction potentials as well as strong, possibly time-dependent external potentials. Second, we derive bounds on the rate of convergence of the quantum $N$-body dynamics to the Hartree dynamics.
description: Typos corrected
Radiation Feedback, Fragmentation, and the Environmental Dependence of the Initial Mass Function
Creators: name: Krumholz, Mark R.
name: Cunningham, Andrew J.
name: Klein, Richard I.
name: McKee, Christopher F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fragmentation of star-forming interstellar clouds, and the resulting stellar initial mass function (IMF), is strongly affected by the temperature structure of the collapsing gas. Since radiation feedback from embedded stars can modify this as collapse proceeds, feedback plays an important role in determining the IMF. However, the effects and importance of radiative heating are likely to depend strongly on the surface density of the collapsing clouds, which determines both their effectiveness at trapping radiation and the accretion luminosities of the stars forming within them. In this paper we report a suite of adaptive mesh refinement radiation-hydrodynamic simulations using the ORION code in which we isolate the effect of column density on fragmentation by following the collapse of clouds of varying column density while holding the mass, initial density and velocity structure, and initial virial ratio fixed. We find that radiation does not significantly modify the overall star formation rate or efficiency, but that it suppresses fragmentation more and more as cloud surface densities increase from those typical of low mass star-forming regions like Taurus, through the typical surface density of massive star-forming clouds in the Galaxy, up to conditions found only in super star clusters. In regions of low surface density, fragmentation during collapse leads to the formation of small clusters rather than individual massive star systems, greatly reducing the fraction of the stellar population with masses >~ 10 Msun. Our simulations have important implications for the formation of massive stars and the universality of the IMF.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures, accepted to ApJ. Minor changes to discussion from version 1. Figure resolution degraded to fit within size limits. A full resolution version is available at http://www.ucolick.org/~krumholz/publications.html
Weak Energy Condition, Trapped Surfaces and Black hole Third Law
Creators: name: Bahmani, F.
name: Shojai, F.
name: Anjomshoaa, Sh.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the third law of thermodynamics for families of 4- and n-dimensional Vaidya black holes, including many of interest. Since there are several versions of the definition of surface gravity as well as the extremality condition for dynamical black holes, we first show that for the considered 4- and n-dimensional Vaidya families, these definitions are consistent with each other. We assume, first, that a non-extremal black hole evolves to an extremality state after a finite time and second, that the weak energy condition for the source holds at all times. We then compare the results of these assumptions and investigate whether there are ranges of black hole parameters where these two assumptions are in conflict.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures
MeerKAT discovery of radio emission from the Vela X-1 bow shock
Creators: name: Eijnden, J. van den
name: Heywood, I.
name: Fender, R.
name: Mohamed, S.
name: Sivakoff, G. R.
name: Saikia, P.
name: Russell, T. D.
name: Motta, S.
name: Miller-Jones, J. C. A.
name: Woudt, P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vela X-1 is a runaway X-ray binary system hosting a massive donor star, whose strong stellar wind creates a bow shock as it interacts with the interstellar medium. This bow shock has previously been detected in H$α$ and IR, but, similar to all but one bow shock from a massive runaway star (BD+43$^{\rm o}$3654), has escaped detection in other wavebands. We report on the discovery of $1.3$ GHz radio emission from the Vela X-1 bow shock with the MeerKAT telescope. The MeerKAT observations reveal how the radio emission closely traces the H$α$ line emission, both in the bow shock and in the larger-scale diffuse structures known from existing H$α$ surveys. The Vela X-1 bow shock is the first stellar-wind-driven radio bow shock detected around an X-ray binary. In the absence of a radio spectral index measurement, we explore other avenues to constrain the radio emission mechanism. We find that thermal/free-free emission can account for the radio and H$α$ properties, for a combination of electron temperature and density consistent with earlier estimates of ISM density and the shock enhancement. In this explanation, the presence of a local ISM over-density is essential for the detection of radio emission. Alternatively, we consider a non-thermal/synchrotron scenario, evaluating the magnetic field and broad-band spectrum of the shock. However, we find that exceptionally high fractions ($\gtrsim 13$%) of the kinetic wind power would need to be injected into the relativistic electron population to explain the radio emission. Assuming lower fractions implies a hybrid scenario, dominated by free-free radio emission. Finally, we speculate about the detectability of radio bow shocks and whether it requires exceptional ISM or stellar wind properties.
description: 17 pages including appendices, 12 figures; accepted for publication in MNRAS. Updated version with minor corrections to reference list
title: Einsam oder gemeinsam? : Verstehen und Erklären in der digitalen Linguistik
Creators: name: Müller, Marcus
Publisher: name: Springer International Publishing
Year: 2025

description: Der Beitrag untersucht die Bedeutung der Unterscheidung zwischen Verstehen und Erklären für die digitale Linguistik. Es wird gezeigt, dass Verstehen und Erklären nicht als isolierte Praktiken betrachtet werden sollten, sondern eng miteinander verknüpft sind und sich gegenseitig ergänzen. Er setzt dazu bei der bekannten Begriffsdichotomie aus der romantischen Hermeneutik an und bezieht neuere Beträge zu einem einheitswissenschaftlichen Begriff des Erklärens wie auch zu einer pragmatischen Verstehenstheorie ein. Das Verstehen wird in der digitalen Linguistik als eine unreflektierte Nebenbei-Praxis behandelt, während das Erklären in seinen verschiedenen Typen gut methodologisiert ist. Der in verschiedenen Bereichen der Linguistik eingeführte Kontextualisierungsbegriff scheint geeignet, um korpuslinguistisches Verstehen methodologisch zu fassen. Auch wenn die Bedeutung statistischer Erklärungen bei wachsenden Beständen an quantifizierbaren Daten wächst, darf das Verstehen im Kontext nicht unreflektiert bleiben und bedarf einer methodischen Basis. Auf der Ebene des praktischen Zugriffs hebt der Beitrag Annotation als Methode hervor, die Verstehen und Erklären integriert. Dabei spielt insbesondere das kollaborative Verstehen in Annotationsprozessen eine Schlüsselrolle. Der Beitrag endet mit zwei Anwendungsbeispielen.
title: DIENTES: Anatomía, patología y diagnóstico diferencial
Creators: name: Bringas Veiga, Maider
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Anatomy
subject: Head and neck
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: CT
subject: Normal variants
subject: Infection
subject: Inflammation
subject: Pathology

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Los objetivos de este poster son: Repasar la antomía dental Conocer la apariencia radiológica de las enfermedades dentales comunes Diferenciar variantes de la normalidad de enfermedades...
Can we discover dual-component thermal WIMP dark matter?
Creators: name: Profumo, Stefano
name: Sigurdson, Kris
name: Ubaldi, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the question of whether the upcoming generation of dark matter search experiments and colliders will be able to discover if the dark matter in the Universe has two components of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs). We outline a model-independent approach, and we study the specific cases of (1) direct detection with low-background 1 ton noble-gas detectors and (2) a 0.5 TeV center of mass energy electron-positron linear collider. We also analyze the case of indirect detection via two gamma-ray lines, which would provide a verification of such a discovery, although multiple gamma-ray lines can in principle originate from the annihilation of a single dark matter particle. For each search "channel", we outline a few assumptions to relate the very small set of parameters we consider (defining the masses of the two WIMPs and their relative abundance in the overall dark matter density) with the relevant detection rates. We then draw general conclusions on which corners of a generic dual-component dark matter scenario can be explored with current and next generation experiments. We find that in all channels the ideal setup is one where the relative mass splitting between the two WIMP species is of order 1, and where the two dark matter components contribute in a ratio close to 1:1 to the overall dark matter content of the Universe. Interestingly, in the case of direct detection, future experiments might detect multiple states even if only ~ 10% of the energy-density of dark matter in the Universe is in the subdominant species.
description: 44 pages, 16 figures, revised version published in JCAP
Charge localization in strongly correlated $κ$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$Cu[N(CN)$_2$]I due to inherent disorder
Creators: name: Iakutkina, O.
name: Majer, L. N.
name: Biesner, T.
name: Uykur, E.
name: Schlueter, J. A.
name: Dressel, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to understand the physical properties of the series of organic conductors $κ$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$Cu[N(CN)$_2$]$X$ with $X$ = Cl, Br, and I, not only electronic correlations but also the effect of disorder has to be taken into account. While for Cl- and Br-containing salts the influence of both parameters were investigated and a universal phase diagram was proposed, the position of $κ$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$Cu[N(CN)$_2$]I is still not settled. Here we have conducted transport, infrared, and dielectric measurements on single crystals of the title compound to clarify its electronic state at low temperatures. The correlation strength was determined as $U/W \approx 2.2$; thus this salt is placed deeper in an insulating state compare to the two sister compounds. We found that inherent disorder leads to a Coulomb localized insulating state similar to the moderately x-ray-irradiated $κ$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$Cu[N(CN)$_2$]Cl.
Women, Criminal Records, and Certificates of Relief: An Experimental Study
Creators: name: Leasure, Peter
name: Zhang, Gary
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Few studies have examined the impact of criminal history on hiring outcomes for women and even fewer studies have explored the effectiveness of mechanisms aimed to improve hiring outcomes for women with criminal history. The overall objectives of the current study were to examine (1) whether criminal history negatively influenced hiring outcomes for women and if so, (2) whether Ohio’s certificate of relief could improve hiring outcomes for women. These objectives were achieved with the use of an experimental correspondence audit that addressed limitations of prior research and utilized innovative methodological approaches. The results showed that callback (i.e., invitation to continue in the hiring process) point estimates for those with no record were higher than those with a record and no certificate. However, the differences between these two conditions lacked statistical significance. Further, while callback probabilities for certificate holders were statistically indistinguishable from those with no record, the callback probabilities for certificate holders were also statistically indistinguishable from those with a record and no certificate. Finally, there were no statistically significant racial differences. These results were supported in several robustness checks. Despite the lack of statistical significance, several findings have substantive significance and these findings are discussed in detail.
title: Korpusgestützte Theoriebildung als hermeneutischer Prozess – iterativ-inkrementelle Entwicklung eines Kategoriensystems am Beispiel einer Theorie des Kommentierens
Creators: name: Bender, Michael
Publisher: name: Springer International Publishing
Year: 2025

description: In dem Beitrag wird korpusgestützte Theoriebildung als hermeneutischer Prozess beschrieben und hermeneutische Aspekte in den verschiedenen Phasen des Prozesses werden diskutiert. Exemplarisch wird dies anhand der Entwicklung einer Theorie des Kommentierens gezeigt, deren Kategoriensystem in einem iterativ-inkrementellen Prozess der Bildung und Überprüfung von Hypothesen sukzessive aufgebaut und abduktiv ausdifferenziert wird. Methodisch stehen Annotationsstudien im Mittelpunkt, kombiniert mit korpusstatistischen Methoden. Letztere dienen einerseits dem theoretischen Sampling und werden andererseits auf die dadurch spezifisch selektierten bzw. gebildeten (Sub)Korpora zur Mustererkennung angewendet. Hermeneutikkritische Aspekte werden aus drei Perspektiven diskutiert, die den Umgang mit Vorwissen und bestehenden Theorien, mit der hermeneutischen Zirkularitätsmetapher und mit Objektivierungsstrategien im interpretativen Forschungssetting umfassen.
title: Utilidad de la volumetría renal mediante Tomografía Computerizada Multidetector en el estudio  preoperatorio de la función renal del donante vivo.
Creators: name: Pulido Ruiz, Ildefonso
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Transplantation
subject: Grafts
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: CT
subject: Nuclear medicine conventional
subject: Kidney
subject: Abdomen

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivos:
El trasplante renal se considera el método óptimo para el tratamiento de la enfermedad renal terminal.
Dada la disponibilidad limitada de órganos procedentes de donante cadáver,
se está produciendo un incremento progresivo de trasplantes...
Nonadiabatic transitions in a Stark decelerator
Creators: name: Wall, T. E.
name: Tokunaga, S. K.
name: Hinds, E. A.
name: Tarbutt, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a Stark decelerator, polar molecules are slowed down and focussed by an inhomogeneous electric field which switches between two configurations. For the decelerator to work, it is essential that the molecules follow the changing electric field adiabatically. When the decelerator switches from one configuration to the other, the electric field changes in magnitude and direction, and this can cause molecules to change state. In places where the field is weak, the rotation of the electric field vector during the switch may be too rapid for the molecules to maintain their orientation relative to the field. Molecules that are at these places when the field switches may be lost from the decelerator as they are transferred into states that are not focussed. We calculate the probability of nonadiabatic transitions as a function of position in the periodic decelerator structure and find that for the decelerated group of molecules the loss is typically small, while for the un-decelerated group of molecules the loss can be very high. This loss can be eliminated using a bias field to ensure that the electric field magnitude is always large enough. We demonstrate our findings by comparing the results of experiments and simulations for the Stark deceleration of LiH and CaF molecules. We present a simple method for calculating the transition probabilities which can easily be applied to other molecules of interest.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, minor revisions following referee suggestions
title: Tackling cyberbullying: Review of empirical evidence regarding successful responses by students, parents and schools
Creators: name: Perren, Sonja
name: Corcoran, Lucie
name: Cowie, Helen
name: Dehue, Francine
name: Garcia, D'Jamila
name: Mc Guckin, Conor
name: Sevcikova, Anna
name: Tsatsou, Panayiota
name: Völlink, Trijntje
Publisher: name: Publikationsserver der Pädagogischen Hochschule Thurgau
Year: 2012

description: A summary of current knowledge on successful responses to cyberbullying differentiating between three different response domains: reducing risks, combatting the problem, and buffering negative impact. A systematic literature search yielded thirty-six relevant studies, most of which report findings regarding general prevention strategies (e.g., anti-bullying policies or cybersafety strategies) and the use of coping strategies such as seeking support, responding (retaliation or confronting), technical solutions, and avoidant and emotion-focussed strategies. Whilst a few studies report perceived success, very few measure the success of the strategies in relation to risks and outcomes. There is a clear lack of evidence concerning successful responses.
description: International Journal of Conflict and Violence, vol. 6, no. 2, p. 283
Physiotherapy and the care of people living with dementia
Creators: name: Quick, Stephen Michael
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 420106
subject: Physiotherapy

description: Dementia is a major cause of disability and is associated with adverse events such as falls. Physiotherapists play an important role in dementia care. The recent Australian Royal Commission into Aged Care Quality and Safety highlighted a number of areas for improvement in dementia care. This thesis sought to improve the understanding of the educational needs of physiotherapists and students working with people with dementia in Australia. It was found that physiotherapists and students lack knowledge and confidence in key areas when working with people with dementia, and highlighted areas for improvement in education and advocacy for the profession.
Calibrating AGN Feedback in Clusters
Creators: name: Wise, M. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Whether caused by AGN jets, shocks, or mergers, the most definitive evidence for heating in cluster cores comes from X-ray spectroscopy. Unfortunately such spectra are essentially limited to studying the emission spectrum from the cluster as a whole. However since the same underlying emission measure distribution produces both the observed CCD and RGS spectra, X-ray imaging can still provide spatial information on the heating process. Using Chandra archival data for a sample of 9 clusters, we demonstrate how imaging data can be used to constrain departures from a canonical, isobaric cooling flow model as a function of position in a given cluster. The results of this analysis are also shown for the deep archival exposure of the Perseus cluster. Such heating maps can provide constraints on both the location and magnitude of the heating in the cores of clusters. When combined with detections and spectral index maps from low-frequency radio observations, these maps can be used to distinguish between different models for heating in these objects.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures; to appear in the proceedings of "The Monsters' Fiery Breath", Madison, Wisconsin 1-5 June 2009, Eds. Sebastian Heinz & Eric Wilcots
Σύγκριση κόστους πρόληψης δασικών πυρκαγιών και κόστους αποκατάστασης από τις επιπτώσεις τους
Creators: name: Αλεξανδρόπουλος, Άγγελος Αθανασίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2025
Subjects: Δασικές πυρκαγιές
Πρόληψη
Αποκατάσταση
Κόστος
Forest fires
Prevention
Restoration
Cost

description: Το θέμα της παρούσας μεταπτυχιακής διατριβής, είναι η σύγκριση του κόστους πρόληψης των δασικών πυρκαγιών με το κόστος αποκατάστασης από τις επιπτώσεις τους. Στο πρώτο κεφάλαιο, αναφέρονται θεωρητικές πληροφορίες σχετικά με την έννοια και τη σημαντικότητα του δάσους καθώς και για την έννοια της δασικής πυρκαγιάς, τις αιτίες πρόκλησης της, τους παράγοντες που την ευνοούν και τις συνέπειες της. Στο δεύτερο κεφάλαιο, γίνεται αναφορά στην έννοια της πρόληψης των δασικών πυρκαγιών, στην έννοια της αποκατάστασης των επιπτώσεων των δασικών πυρκαγιών, καθώς και στις μεθόδους υλοποίησης τους. Στο τρίτο κεφάλαιο, περιγράφεται η μέθοδος έρευνας που ακολουθήθηκε για την υλοποίηση της διατριβής. Στο τέταρτο κεφάλαιο παρουσιάζονται τα θεωρητικά και οικονομικά στοιχεία σχετικά με το κόστος πρόληψης και το κόστος αποκατάστασης που βρέθηκαν από την βιβλιογραφία. Στο πέμπτο κεφάλαιο καταγράφονται τα συμπεράσματα που προέκυψαν από την ολοκλήρωση της έρευνας και επισημαίνονται τα σημαντικότερα ευρήματα του συνόλου της διατριβής.
description: The subject of this master's thesis is the comparison of the cost of preventing forest fires with the cost of restoration from their effects. The first chapter provides theoretical information regarding the concept and importance of the forest, as well as the concept of forest fire, its causes, the factors that favor it and its consequences. In the second chapter, reference is made to the concept of forest fire prevention, the concept of restoring the effects of forest fires, as well as the methods of their implementation. In the third chapter, the research method followed for the implementation of the thesis is described. The fourth chapter presents the theoretical and economic data regarding the cost of prevention and the cost of restoration found in the literature. The fifth chapter records the conclusions that emerged from the completion of the research and highlights the most important findings of the entire thesis.
Photoreverberation mapping of quasars in the context of LSST observing strategies
Creators: name: Jankov, Isidora
name: Kovacevic, Andjelka B.
name: Ilic, Dragana
name: Popovic, Luka C.
name: Radovic, Viktor
name: Cvorovic-Hajdinjak, Iva
name: Nikutta, Robert
name: Sanchez-Saez, Paula
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The upcoming photometric surveys, such as the Rubin Observatory's Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) will monitor unprecedented number of active galactic nuclei (AGN) in a decade long campaign. Motivated by the science goals of LSST, which includes the harnessing of broadband light curves of AGN for photometric reverberation mapping (PhotoRM), we implement the existing formalism to estimate the lagged response of the emission line flux to the continuum variability using only mutli-band photometric light curves. We test the PhotoRM method on a set of 19 artificial light curves simulated using a stochastic model based on the Damped Random Walk process. These light curves are sampled using different observing strategies, including the two proposed by the LSST, in order to compare the accuracy of time-lag retrieval based on different observing cadences. Additionally, we apply the same procedure for time-lag retrieval to the observed photometric light curves of NGC 4395, and compare our results to the existing literature.
description: The manuscript was accepted for publication in the Astronomische Nachrichten Special Issue
Orthogonally additive holomorphic functions of bounded type over $C(K)$
Creators: name: Carando, Daniel
name: Lassalle, Silvia
name: Zalduendo, Ignacio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is known that all $k$-homogeneous orthogonally additive polynomials $P$ over $C(K)$ are of the form $$ P(x)=\int_K x^k dμ. $$ Thus $x\mapsto x^k$ factors all orthogonally additive polynomials through some linear form $μ$. We show that no such linearization is possible without homogeneity. However, we also show that every orthogonally additive holomorphic functions of bounded type $f$ over $C(K)$ is of the form $$ f(x)=\int_K h(x) dμ$$ for some $μ$ and holomorphic $h\colon C(K) \to L^1(μ)$ of bounded type.
title: On the Importance of Using Directional Information in the Search for Lower Mantle Reflectors
Creators: name: Rochira, Federica
name: Thomas, Christine
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 530 Physics

description: The SS precursor signals are a powerful tool for mapping topography of mantle discontinuities, which are sensitive to the thermal and compositional structure of the mantle. The depth of mantle discontinuities is usually estimated using the differential travel time between the main arrival and its precursor. However, this method ignores potential travel path deviations that influence the travel time of precursor signals. Here, we use an approach that considers directivity information as well as travel‐time measurements. Applying seismic array techniques, we measure slowness, back azimuth, and travel time of the signals, and use this information to backproject to the point of reflection. In our test dataset, we observe deviations from the predicted values in slowness and back azimuth in the range of 0.1–2.3 s/° and 1–20°, respectively. These values lead to reflection locations that can differ considerably from theoretical reflection points calculated with great circle plane paths as well as depths different from the depth calculated for in‐plane propagation, with differences up to ∼150 km. Our results indicate that the travel‐path deviations should be considered to avoid misinterpretation of mantle discontinuities and potentially reduce previously observed scatter in discontinuity depth.
description: Finanziert durch den Open-Access-Publikationsfonds der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU Münster).
Laser-driven nonlinear cluster dynamics
Creators: name: Fennel, Th.
name: Meiwes-Broer, K. -H.
name: Tiggesbaumker, J.
name: Reinhard, P. -G.
name: Dinh, P. M.
name: Suraud, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Laser excitation of nanometer-sized atomic and molecular clusters offers various opportunities to explore and control ultrafast many-particle dynamics. Whereas weak laser fields allow the analysis of photoionization, excited-state relaxation, and structural modifications on these finite quantum systems, large-amplitude collective electron motion and Coulomb explosion can be induced with intense laser pulses. This review provides an overview of key phenomena arising from laser-cluster interactions with focus on nonlinear optical excitations and discusses the underlying processes according to the current understanding. A brief general survey covers basic cluster properties and excitation mechanisms relevant for laser-driven cluster dynamics. Then, after an excursion in theoretical and experimental methods, results for single- and multiphoton excitations are reviewed with emphasis on signatures from time- and angular resolved photoemission. A key issue of this review is the broad spectrum of phenomena arising from clusters exposed to strong fields, where the interaction with the laser pulse creates short-lived and dense nanoplasmas. The implications for technical developments include the controlled generation of ion, electron, and radiation pulses, as will be addressed along with corresponding examples. Finally, future prospects of laser-cluster research as well as experimental and theoretical challenges are discussed.
description: text and figures revised
Quantum phase diagram of fermion mixtures with population imbalance in one-dimensional optical lattices
Creators: name: Wang, B.
name: Chen, Han-Dong
name: Sarma, S. Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With a recently developed time evolving block decimation (TEBD) algorithm, we numerically study the ground state quantum phase diagram of fermi mixtures with attractive inter-species interactions loaded in one-dimensional optical lattices. For our study, we adopt a general asymmetric Hubbard model (AHM) with species-dependent tunneling rates to incorporate the possibility of mass imbalance in the mixtures. We find clear signatures for the existence of a Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) phase in this model in the presence of population imbalance. Our simulation also reveals that in the presence of mass imbalance, the parameter space for FFLO states shrinks or even completely vanishes depending on the strength of the attractive interaction and the degree of mass imbalance.
Inelastic mechanics of sticky biopolymer networks
Creators: name: Wolff, Lars
name: Fernandez, Pablo
name: Kroy, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a physical model for the nonlinear inelastic mechanics of sticky biopolymer networks with potential applications to inelastic cell mechanics. It consists in a minimal extension of the glassy wormlike chain (GWLC) model, which has recently been highly successful as a quantitative mathematical description of the viscoelastic properties of biopolymer networks and cells. To extend its scope to nonequilibrium situations, where the thermodynamic state variables may evolve dynamically, the GWLC is furnished with an explicit representation of the kinetics of breaking and reforming sticky bonds. In spite of its simplicity the model exhibits many experimentally established non-trivial features such as power-law rheology, stress stiffening, fluidization, and cyclic softening effects.
Women, Criminal Records, and Certificates of Relief: An Experimental Study
Creators: name: Leasure, Peter
name: Zhang, Gary
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Few studies have examined the impact of criminal history on hiring outcomes for women and even fewer studies have explored the effectiveness of mechanisms aimed to improve hiring outcomes for women with criminal history. The overall objectives of the current study were to examine (1) whether criminal history negatively influenced hiring outcomes for women and if so, (2) whether Ohio’s certificate of relief could improve hiring outcomes for women. These objectives were achieved with the use of an experimental correspondence audit that addressed limitations of prior research and utilized innovative methodological approaches. The results showed that callback (i.e., invitation to continue in the hiring process) point estimates for those with no record were higher than those with a record and no certificate. However, the differences between these two conditions lacked statistical significance. Further, while callback probabilities for certificate holders were statistically indistinguishable from those with no record, the callback probabilities for certificate holders were also statistically indistinguishable from those with a record and no certificate. Finally, there were no statistically significant racial differences. These results were supported in several robustness checks. Despite the lack of statistical significance, several findings have substantive significance and these findings are discussed in detail.
Comparing the Outcomes of Three Pulpotomy Agents in Primary Molars: A Retrospective Study
Creators: name: Alajaji, Nouf
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Purpose: To determine the long-term clinical and radiographic success of BiodentineTM(BD), Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA), and Ferric Sulfate (FS) as primary molar pulpotomy materials. Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, data of all completed primary molar therapeutic pulpotomy was obtained from the electronic health record (EHR) system of a university-based pediatric dental clinic from 04/01/2016 to 01/10/2020. Two trained and calibrated examiners evaluated the participants’ records using validated criteria for clinical and radiographic outcomes. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used (p<0.05), as well as survival analysis using Kaplan-Meier survival curve and Cox proportional hazard model. Cohen’s Kappa was used for inter- and intra-examiner reliability. Results: A total of 374 participants with 469 pulpotomies were enrolled. The sample included 51% male, age range of 2 to 10 years. FS was used in 76% (n=355), BD in 14% (n=67) and MTA in 10% (n=47). Follow-up periods ranged from 6 to 48 months. BD demonstrated the highest clinical and radiographic success of 98.5% and 95.2%, respectively. MTA had 97.9% clinical and 93.6% radiographic success, while FS showed 88.9% clinical and 80.9% radiographic success. Conclusions: While all three materials can be recommended for clinical practice, BD and MTA may be the preferred choices.
Effects of Peierls phases in open linear chains
Creators: name: Marques, Anselmo M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The introduction of Peierls phases in open tight-binding chains without closed paths in either real or synthetic dimensions is understood to be physically inconsequential, as one assumes they can always be gauged away. Here, we show that this assumption does not necessarily hold for all systems in open chains, as closed paths may appear in the Fock space where these phases can lead to the creation of magnetic flux analogs with physical effects. This idea is first illustrated in the quadratic Kitaev model, where different patterns for the Peierls phases are studied and their independent manipulation is seen to be able to drive the appearance of topological states and Majorana flat bands. We then consider a system with quartic interactions, namely an extended Bose-Hubbard (EBH) open chain with a finite Peierls phase associated with the hopping terms. Focusing on the strong interactions limit of the two-body sector, we show the decisive influence of these phases on the two-band spectrum of the higher energy subspace, which behaves as an effective sawtooth chain with magnetic flux at each plaquette. In particular, both the width of the energy gap between the two bands and the position of the in-gap edge states can be controlled by the Peierls phase. Finally, by translating this two-particle one-dimensional (1D) system into a single-particle two-dimensional (2D) one, and subsequently mapping it onto an equivalent electrical LC circuit, we identify a parameter set for which in-gap states are only present for certain finite phase values. Tuning the circuit to these parameters generates the corresponding boundary voltage states, providing an experimentally detectable signature of the effects induced by manipulating Peierls phases in a model built on an open linear chain.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures