cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Towards a Resolution of the Proton Form Factor Problem: New Electron and Positron Scattering Data
Creators: name: P.  Mattione
name: Meyer, Curtis
name: Schumacher, Reinhard A.
name: CLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 20399 Classical Physics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is a significant discrepancy between the values of the proton electric form factor, GpE, extracted using unpolarized and polarized electron scattering. Calculations predict that small two-photon exchange (TPE) contributions can significantly affect the extraction of GpE from the unpolarized electron-proton cross sections. We determined the TPE contribution by measuring the ratio of positron-proton to electron-proton elastic scattering cross sections using a simultaneous, tertiary electron-positron beam incident on a liquid hydrogen target and detecting the scattered particles in the Jefferson Lab CLAS detector. This novel technique allowed us to cover a wide range in virtual photon polarization (ϵ) and momentum transfer (Q2) simultaneously, as well as to cancel luminosity-related systematic errors. The cross section ratio increases with decreasing ϵ at Q2=1.45 GeV2. This measurement is consistent with the size of the form factor discrepancy at Q2≈1.75 GeV2 and with hadronic calculations including nucleon and Δ intermediate states, which have been shown to resolve the discrepancy up to 2–3 GeV2.
Benchmarking Black Hole Heat Engines, II
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Avik
name: Johnson, Clifford V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend to non-static black holes our benchmarking scheme that allows for cross-comparison of the efficiencies of asymptotically AdS black holes used as working substances in heat engines. We use a circular cycle in the p-V plane as the benchmark cycle. We study Kerr black holes in four spacetime dimensions as an example. As in the static case, we find an exact formula for the benchmark efficiency in an ideal-gas-like limit, which may serve as an upper bound for rotating black hole heat engines in a thermodynamic ensemble with fixed angular velocity. We use the benchmarking scheme to compare Kerr to static black holes charged under Maxwell and Born-Infeld sectors.
description: 19 pages
Eccentric discs in binaries with intermediate mass ratios: Superhumps in the VY Sculptoris stars
Creators: name: Murray, J. R.
name: Warner, B.
name: Wickramasinghe, D. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the role of the eccentric disc resonance in systems with mass ratios q greater than 1/4, and demonstrate the effects that changes in the mass flux from the secondary star have upon the disc radius and structure. The addition of material with low specific angular momentum to its outer edge restricts a disc radially. Should the mass flux from the secondary be reduced, it is possible for the disc in a system with mass ratio as large as 1/3 to expand to the 3:1 eccentric inner Lindblad resonance and for superhumps to be excited.
description: 6 pages with 7 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Topographic and electronic structure of cleaved SrTiO3(001) surfaces
Creators: name: Wattaka  Sitaputra
name: Skowronski, Marek
name: Feenstra, Randall
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 20399 Classical Physics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The topographic and electronic structure of cleaved SrTiO3(001) surfaces were studied, employing samples that either had or had not been coated with Ti on their outer surfaces prior to fracture. In both cases, SrO- and TiO2-terminated terraces were present on the cleavage surface, enabling in situ studies on either termination. However, the samples coated with Ti prior to fracture were found to yield a rougher morphology on TiO2- terminated terraces as well as a higher density of oxygen vacancies during an annealing (outgassing) step following the coating. The higher density of oxygen vacancies in the bulk of the Ti-coated samples also provides higher conductivity which, in turn, improves a sensitivity of the spectroscopy and reduces the effect of tip-induced band bending. Nonetheless, similar spectral features, unique to each termination, were observed for samples both with and without the Ti coating. Notably, with moderate-temperature annealing following fracture, a strong discrete peak in the conductance spectra, arising from oxygen vacancies, was observed on the SrO-terminated terraces. This peak appears at slightly different voltages for coated and uncoated samples, signifying a possible effect of tip-induced band bending.
Additional file 14 of Genome-wide identification and characterization of lncRNAs in sunflower endosperm
Creators: name: Yu, Shuai
name: Zhang, Zhichao
name: Li, Jing
name: Zhu, Yanbin
name: Yin, Yanzhe
name: Zhang, Xiaoyu
name: Dai, Yuxin
name: Zhang, Ao
name: Li, Cong
name: Zhu, Yanshu
name: Fan, Jinjuan
name: Ruan, Yanye
name: Dong, Xiaomei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 14: Fig. S6. The number of transcription factors showing strong correlation with the lncRNAs.
Abundance and occurrence of phosphate solubilizing bacteria and phosphatase in sediment of Hooghly Estuary, North East Coast of Bay of Bengal, India
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Dr. Abhishek
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 40501 Biological Oceanography
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Science
subject: Limnology
subject: Oceanography

description: The abundance and occurrence of a special group of bacteria, capable of solubilizing or mobilizing insoluble phosphates were studied in estuarine environment, especially in sediments. The possible role of various factors of the sediments in maintaining the phosphate availability in the overlying water was described. The phosphatase activity was recorded in all samples irrespective of salinity variations. Total number of bacteria showed higher value in lower salinity. The total phosphate content in soil showed positive correlation with the phosphatase activity ( r = 0.890; P-Value = 0.000; n-=15). Clayey sediment contents more phosphate solubilizing bacteria and phosphatase than sandy sediment in a tropical estuarine region of River Hooghly.
Multifragmentation - what the data tell us about the different models
Creators: name: Nebauer, R.
name: Aichelin, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss what the presently collected data tell us about the mechanism of multifragmentation by comparing the results of two different models, which assume or show an opposite reaction scenario, with the recent high statistics $4π$ experiments performed by the INDRA collaboration. We find that the statistical multifragmentation model and the dynamical Quantum Molecular Dynamics approach produce almost the same results and agree both quite well with experiment. We discuss which observables may serve to overcome this deadlock on the quest for the reaction mechanism. Finally we proof that even if the system is in equilibrium, the fluctuation of the temperature due to the smallness of the system renders the caloric curve useless for the proof of a first order phase transition.
description: Proceedings CRIS 2000
Improved Algorithm for Reconstructing Singular Connection in Multi-Block CFD Applications
Creators: name: Yong-Xian, Wang
name: Li-Lun, Zhang
name: Yong-Gang, Che
name: Chuan-Fu, Xu
name: Wei, Liu
name: Hua-Yong, Liu
name: Zheng-Hua, Wang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An improved algorithm is proposed for the reconstruction of singular connectivity from the available pairwise connections during preprocessing phase. To evaluate the performance of the algorithm, an in-house computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code is used in which high-order finite-difference method for spatial discretization running on the Tianhe-1A supercomputer is employed. Test cases with a varied amount of mesh points are chosen, and the test results indicate that the improved singular connection reconstruction algorithm can achieve a speedup factor of 1000X or more when compared with the naive search method adopted in the former version of our code. Moreover, the parallel efficiency can benefit from the strategy of local communication based on the algorithm.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables. Pre-print version
Thickness monitoring of graphene on SiC using low-energy electron diffraction
Creators: name: P. J. Fisher
name: Luxmi
name: Nishtha  Srivastava
name: S  Nie
name: Feenstra, Randall
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: 20399 Classical Physics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation of epitaxial graphene on SiC is monitored in-situ using low-energy electron diffraction (LEED). The possibility of using LEED as an in-situ thickness monitor of the graphene is examined. The ratio of primary diffraction spot intensities for graphene compared to SiC is measured for a series of samples of known graphene thickness (determined using low-energy electron microscopy). It is found that this ratio is effective for determining graphene thicknesses in the range 1 to 3 monolayers. Effects of a distribution of graphene thicknesses on this method of thickness determination are considered.
Additional file 3 of Terlipressin for the treatment of septic shock in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Huang, Lili
name: Zhang, Shi
name: Chang, Wei
name: Xia, Feiping
name: Liu, Songqiao
name: Yang, Yi
name: Qiu, Haibo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3 Figure S3. Forest plot of the effect of terlipressin compared with catecholamine on tissue perfusion in patients with septic shock as determined by a meta-analysis.
Vortex nucleation and flux front propagation in type II superconductors
Creators: name: Zapperi, Stefano
name: Andrade, Jose S.
name: Moreira, Andre A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study flux penetration in a disordered type II superconductor by simulations of interacting vortices, using a Monte Carlo method for vortex nucleation. Our results show that a detailed description of the nucleation process yields a correction to the scaling laws usually associated with flux front invasion. We propose a simple model to account for these corrections.
description: submitted to Physica A, proceedings of LAWNP 03
Gaussian quantum resource theories
Creators: name: Lami, Ludovico
name: Regula, Bartosz
name: Wang, Xin
name: Nichols, Rosanna
name: Winter, Andreas
name: Adesso, Gerardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a general framework to assess capabilities and limitations of the Gaussian toolbox in continuous variable quantum information theory. Our framework allows us to characterize the structure and properties of quantum resource theories specialized to Gaussian states and Gaussian operations, establishing rigorous methods for their description and yielding a unified approach to their quantification. We show in particular that, under a few intuitive and physically motivated assumptions on the set of free states, no Gaussian quantum resource can be distilled with free Gaussian operations, even when an unlimited supply of the resource state is available. This places fundamental constraints on state manipulations in all such Gaussian resource theories. We discuss in particular the applications to quantum entanglement, where we extend previously known results by showing that Gaussian entanglement cannot be distilled even with Gaussian operations preserving the positivity of the partial transpose, as well as to other Gaussian resources such as steering and optical nonclassicality. A comprehensive semidefinite programming representation of all these resources is explicitly provided.
description: 8+6 pages, 1 figure. Close to published version
Visualization of pathological changes in retinal layer thickness using optical coherence tomography
Creators: name: López-Varela, Emilio
name: Barreira, Noelia
name: Olivier Pascual, Nuria
name: Quezada-Sánchez, Johnny
name: Oreja-Guevara, Celia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optical Coherence Tomography
subject: Visualization
subject: Retinal layer
subject: Deep learning

description: Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that provides high-resolution cross-sectional images of biological tissues. Biomarkers such as the thickness of retinal layers can be used for the evaluation of several diseases such as glaucoma or multiple sclerosis. In this work, we create the thickness profiles of healthy and pathological eyes using a statistical model and developed a methodology to compare the thickness profiles of OCT images with the models and visually inspect the abnormal areas. This approach allows for a quick assessment of the retinal layers health, assisting clinicians and easing the diagnostic burden.
description: This research was funded by Government of Spain, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación y Universidades, Government of Spain, RTI2018-095894-B-I00 research project; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Government of Spain through the research projects with reference PID2019-108435RB-I00, reference PDC2022-133132-I00 and TED2021-131201B-I00; Consellería de Cultura, Educación e Universidade, Xunta de Galicia through the Grupos de Referencia Competitiva, grant ref. ED431C 2020/24; Emilio López Varela acknowledges its support under FPI PID2019-108435RB-I00 project.
Perturbative QCD at High Temperature
Creators: name: Nieto, Agustin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent developments of perturbation theory at finite temperature based on effective field theory methods are reviewed. These methods allow the contributions from the different scales to be separated and the perturbative series to be reorganized. The construction of the effective field theory is shown in detail for phi^4 theory and QCD. It is applied to the evaluation of the free energy of QCD at order g^5 and the calculation of the g^6 term is outlined. Implications for the application of perturbative QCD to the quark-gluon plasma are also discussed.
description: LaTeX, 27 pages, 15 figures. Final version
Hidden Symmetry of Flexoelectric Coupling
Creators: name: Eliseev, Eugene A.
name: Morozovska, Anna N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Considering the importance of the flexoelectric coupling for the physical understanding of the gradient-driven couplings in mesoscale and nanoscale solids, one has to determine its full symmetry and numerical values. The totality of available experimental and theoretical information about the flexocoupling tensor symmetry (specifically the amount of measurable independent components) and numerical values is contradictory indicating on a limited understanding of the coupling properties. However the discrepancy between the theory and experiment can be eliminated by consideration all possible inner symmetries of the flexocoupling tensor and physical limits on it components values. Specifically this study reveals the inner "hidden" symmetry of the static flexoelectric tensor that allows minimizing the number of its independent components to the numbers observed experimentally. Revealed hidden symmetry leads to nontrivial physical sequences, namely it affects on the upper limits of the static flexocoupling constants. Also we analyze the dynamic flexoelectric coupling symmetry and established the upper limits for the numerical values of its components. These results can help to understand and quantify the fundamentals of the gradient-type couplings in different solids.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures, accepted to Physical Review B
Noncommutative momentum and torsional regularization
Creators: name: Popławski, Nikodem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that in the presence of the torsion tensor $S^k_{\phantom{k}ij}$, the quantum commutation relation for the four-momentum, traced over spinor indices, is given by $[p_i,p_j]=2i\hbar S^k_{\phantom{k}ij}p_k$. In the Einstein--Cartan theory of gravity, in which torsion is coupled to spin of fermions, this relation in a coordinate frame reduces to a commutation relation of noncommutative momentum space, $[p_i,p_j]=iε_{ijk}Up^3 p_k$, where $U$ is a constant on the order of the squared inverse of the Planck mass. We propose that this relation replaces the integration in the momentum space in Feynman diagrams with the summation over the discrete momentum eigenvalues. We derive a prescription for this summation that agrees with convergent integrals: \[ \int\frac{d^4p}{(p^2+Δ)^s}\rightarrow 4πU^{s-2}\sum_{l=1}^\infty \int_0^{π/2} dϕ\frac{\sin^4ϕ\,n^{s-3}}{[\sinϕ+UΔn]^s}, \] where $n=\sqrt{l(l+1)}$ and $Δ$ does not depend on $p$. We show that this prescription regularizes ultraviolet-divergent integrals in loop diagrams. We extend this prescription to tensor integrals. We derive a finite, gauge-invariant vacuum polarization tensor and a finite running coupling. Including loops from all charged fermions, we find a finite value for the bare electric charge of an electron: $\approx -1.22\,e$. This torsional regularization may therefore provide a realistic, physical mechanism for eliminating infinities in quantum field theory and making renormalization finite.
description: 14 pages; published version
Марказий Осиё давлатлари ҳуқуқий тизимининг хусусиятлари
Creators: name: Бейсенов Кенжабай Сарсанбаевич, Меликулов Нуржов Латифович
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Аннотация: Мазкур мақолада Марказий Осиё давлатлари ҳуқуқий тизимининг хусусиятлари бўйича илмий асосланган таклиф ва тавсиялар берилган.

Аннотация: в данной статье представлены научно обоснованные предложения и рекомендации, касающиеся особенностей правовой системы стран Центральной Азии.

Annotation: this article provides scientifically based proposals and recommendations on the features of the legal system of Central Asian countries.

 

Таянч сўзлар: Конституция, республика,  партия, референдум.

Ключевые слова:: Конституция, Республика, Партия, референдум.

Keywords: Constitution, Republic, Party, referendum.
Additional file 2 of Analyses of energy metabolism and stress defence provide insights into Campylobacter concisus growth and pathogenicity
Creators: name: Yeow, Melissa
name: Liu, Fang
name: Ma, Rena
name: Williams, Timothy
name: Riordan, Stephen
name: Zhang, Li
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. NCBI locus tags for genes involved in use of electron donors of C. concisus
Scaling of star polymers: high order results
Creators: name: Schulte-Frohlinde, V.
name: Holovatch, Yu.
name: von Ferber, C.
name: Blumen, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend existing renormalization group calculations for the exponents describing scaling of star polymers and polymer networks constituted by chains of different species (the so-called copolymer star exponents). Our four loop results find application in the description of various phenomena involving self-avoiding and random walks that interact.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure, style file included
Thickness Dependent Carrier Density at the Surface of SrTiO3 (111) Slabs
Creators: name: Sivadas, Nikhil
name: H.  Dixit
name: Cooper, Valentino R.
name: Xiao, Di
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 20399 Classical Physics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the surface electronic structure and thermodynamic stability of the SrTiO3 (111) slabs using density functional theory. We observe that, for Ti-terminated slabs it is indeed possible to create a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG). However, the carrier density of the 2DEG displays a strong thickness dependence due to the competition between electronic reconstruction and polar distortions. As expected, having a surface oxygen atom at the Ti termination can stabilize the system, eliminating any electronic reconstruction, thereby making the system insulating. An analysis of the surface thermodynamic stability suggests that the Ti terminated (111) surface should be experimentally realizable. This surface may be useful for exploring the behavior of electrons in oxide (111) interfaces and may have implications for modern device applications.
Nonarchimedean factorization theorems via factorization algebras
Creators: name: Murali, Vaibhav
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2019
Subjects: Nonarchimedean geometry
Factorization algebras

description: We formulate an analogue of factorization algebras theory over a nonarchimedean field K, building on work of Costello and Gwilliam in the complex analytic case. Several constructions involved in factorization algebras theory, leading to a wealth of standard examples, are developed in the nonarchimedean setting. En route, we build aspects of Jacob Lurie's Verdier duality theory in the rigid analytic setting. Last, an analogue of the factorization theorems traditionally studied in rational conformal field theory, as in Faltings' work on the Verlinde Formula, is developed in the nonarchimedean setting by interpreting nodal degenerations of smooth algebraic curves in terms of nonarchimedean gluing.
Determination of $J/ψ$ chromoelectric polarizability from lattice data
Creators: name: Polyakov, Maxim V.
name: Schweitzer, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The chromoelectric polarizability of $J/ψ$ is extracted from lattice QCD data on the nucleon-$J/ψ$ potential in the heavy quark limit. The value of $α(1S) = (1.6 \pm 0.8) \,{\rm GeV}^{-3} $ is obtained. We also comment on the possibility of hadrocharmonia.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, expanded discussion, typos fixed, published version
Additional file 1 of Genome-wide identification and characterization of lncRNAs in sunflower endosperm
Creators: name: Yu, Shuai
name: Zhang, Zhichao
name: Li, Jing
name: Zhu, Yanbin
name: Yin, Yanzhe
name: Zhang, Xiaoyu
name: Dai, Yuxin
name: Zhang, Ao
name: Li, Cong
name: Zhu, Yanshu
name: Fan, Jinjuan
name: Ruan, Yanye
name: Dong, Xiaomei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. The summary of sequencing data.
The electroweak symmetry breaking Higgs boson in models with top-quark condensation
Creators: name: Wells, James D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The top quark may get its mass not from a fundamental scalar but a Nambu-Jona-Lasinio mechanism involving a strongly coupled gauge sector that triggers top-quark condensation. Forbidding a large hierarchy in the gap equation implies that top-quark condensation is a spectator to electroweak symmetry breaking, which must be accomplished mainly by another sector. The properties of the electroweak symmetry breaking scalars are identified. Production mechanisms and decay modes are studied. Unlike the standard model, the scalar degree of freedom most relevant to electroweak symmetry breaking can only be produced by its gauge interactions. An e-e-μ+ + μ-μ-e+ signal is proposed to help unambiguously detect the presence of such a gauge-coupled Higgs if it is light. Other useful modes of detection are also presented, and a summary is made of the search capabilities at LEPII, Tevatron, and LHC.
description: 16 pages, LaTeX
Erratum: Excitation Mechanism of Near-Infrared [Fe II] Emission in Seyfert and Starburst Galaxies (ApJ, 528, 186 [2000])
Creators: name: Mouri, H.
name: Kawara, K.
name: Taniguchi, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the paper "Excitation Mechanism of Near-Infrared [Fe II] Emission in Seyfert and Starburst Galaxies" by Hideaki Mouri, Kimiaki Kawara, and Yoshiaki Taniguchi (ApJ, 528, 186 [2000]), the two panels of Figure 6 were printed into different sizes, as the result of an error in the printing process. The correct version of Figure 6 appears here.
description: One postscript file (the correct version of Fig. 6), to appear in ApJ
Thickness characterization of atomically-thin WSe2 on epitaxial graphene by low-energy electron reflectivity oscillations
Creators: name: Barrera, Sergio C. De La
name: Lin, Yu-Chuan
name: Eichfeld, Sarah
name: Robinson, Joshua A.
name: Gao, Qin
name: Widom, Michael
name: Feenstra, Randall
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 20399 Classical Physics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, low-energy electron microscopy is employed to probe structural as well as electronic information in few-layer WSe2 on epitaxial graphene on SiC. The emergence of unoccupied states in the WSe2–graphene heterostructures are studied using spectroscopic low-energy electron reflectivity. Reflectivity minima corresponding to specific WSe2 states that are localized between the monolayers of each vertical heterostructure are shown to reveal the number of layers for each point on the surface. A theory for the origin of these states is developed and utilized to explain the experimentally observed featured in the WSe2 electron reflectivity. This method allows for unambiguous counting of WSe2 layers, and furthermore may be applied to other 2D transition metal dichalcogenide materials.
Enhanced millimiter wave transmission through subwavelength hole arrays
Creators: name: Beruete, M.
name: Sorolla, M.
name: Campillo, I.
name: Dolado, J. S.
name: Martin-Moreno, L.
name: Bravo-Abad, J.
name: Garcia-Vidal, F. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter we explore, both experimentally and theoretically, the existence in the millimeter wave range of the phenomenon of extraordinary light transmission though arrays of subwavelength holes. We have measured the transmission spectra of several samples made on aluminum wafers by using an AB Millimetre Quasioptical Vector Network Analyzer in the wavelength range between 4.2mm to 6.5mm. Clear signals of the existence of resonant light transmission at wavelengths close to the period of the array appear in the spectra.
description: To be published in Optics Letters
Fruit recognition from images using deep learning
Creators: name: Mureşan, Horea
name: Oltean, Mihai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.6
subject: 68T45

description: In this paper we introduce a new, high-quality, dataset of images containing fruits. We also present the results of some numerical experiment for training a neural network to detect fruits. We discuss the reason why we chose to use fruits in this project by proposing a few applications that could use this kind of neural network.
description: 38 pages
$E1-E2$ interference in the Coulomb dissociation of $^8$B
Creators: name: Banerjee, P.
name: Shyam, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effects arising out of the $E1 - E2$ interference in the Coulomb dissociation of $^8$B at beam energies below and around 50 MeV/nucleon. The theory has been formulated within a first order semiclassical scheme of Coulomb excitation, in which both the ground state and the continuum state wave functions of $^8$B enter as inputs. We find that the magnitude of the interference could be large in some cases. However, there are some specific observables which are free from the effects of the $E1 - E2$ interference, which is independent of the models used to describe the structure of $^8$B. This will be useful for the analysis of the breakup data in relation to the extraction of the astrophysical factor $S_{17}(0)$.
description: Revised version to appear in Physical Review C
title: Henri-Léonard Bordier, 1817-1888
title: allocution à la Société d'histoire et d'archéolgie de Genève, séance du 29 novembre 1888
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Favre, Edouard
Publisher: name: Aubert-Schuchardt
Year: 1892
Subjects: subject: 920 Biografien, Genealogie, Insignien
subject: Nachruf
subject: Bordier, Henri Léonard

description: Sonderdruck aus: Mémoires et Documents publiés par la Société d'histoire et d'archéologie de Genève, t. 23, livr. 2.
description: Enthält: Ansprache von Édouard Favre, Sekretär der Société d'histoire et d'archéologie de Genève; Bibliographie der Arbeiten von Henri Bordier.
Customizing Emotional Support: How Do Individuals Construct and Interact With LLM-Powered Chatbots
Creators: name: Zheng, Xi
name: Li, Zhuoyang
name: Gui, Xinning
name: Luo, Yuhan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Personalized support is essential to fulfill individuals' emotional needs and sustain their mental well-being. Large language models (LLMs), with great customization flexibility, hold promises to enable individuals to create their own emotional support agents. In this work, we developed ChatLab, where users could construct LLM-powered chatbots with additional interaction features including voices and avatars. Using a Research through Design approach, we conducted a week-long field study followed by interviews and design activities (N = 22), which uncovered how participants created diverse chatbot personas for emotional reliance, confronting stressors, connecting to intellectual discourse, reflecting mirrored selves, etc. We found that participants actively enriched the personas they constructed, shaping the dynamics between themselves and the chatbot to foster open and honest conversations. They also suggested other customizable features, such as integrating online activities and adjustable memory settings. Based on these findings, we discuss opportunities for enhancing personalized emotional support through emerging AI technologies.
description: 20 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables. Accepted to CHI 2025, ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Universality in Systems with Power-Law Memory and Fractional Dynamics
Creators: name: Edelman, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: G.1.7
subject: 47H99, 60G99, 34A99, 39A70

description: There are a few different ways to extend regular nonlinear dynamical systems by introducing power-law memory or considering fractional differential/difference equations instead of integer ones. This extension allows the introduction of families of nonlinear dynamical systems converging to regular systems in the case of an integer power-law memory or an integer order of derivatives/differences. The examples considered in this review include the logistic family of maps (converging in the case of the first order difference to the regular logistic map), the universal family of maps, and the standard family of maps (the latter two converging, in the case of the second difference, to the regular universal and standard maps). Correspondingly, the phenomenon of transition to chaos through a period doubling cascade of bifurcations in regular nonlinear systems, known as "universality", can be extended to fractional maps, which are maps with power-/asymptotically power-law memory. The new features of universality, including cascades of bifurcations on single trajectories, which appear in fractional (with memory) nonlinear dynamical systems are the main subject of this review.
description: 23 pages 7 Figures, to appear Oct 28 2017
Neutrino Afterglows and Progenitors of Gamma-Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Dai, Z. G.
name: Lu, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Currently popular models for progenitors of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are the mergers of compact objects and the explosions of massive stars. These two cases have distinctive environments for GRBs: compact object mergers occur in the interstellar medium (ISM) and the explosions of massive stars occur in the preburst stellar wind. We here discuss neutrino afterglows from reverse shocks as a result of the interaction of relativistic fireballs with their surrounding wind matter. After comparing with the analytical result of Waxman & Bahcall (2000) for the homogeneous ISM case, we find that the differential spectrum of neutrinos with energy from $\sim 3\times 10^{15}$ to $\sim 3\times 10^{17}$ eV in the wind case is softer by one power of the energy than in the ISM case. Furthermore, the expected flux of upward moving muons produced by neutrino interactions below a detector on the surface of the Earth in the wind case is $\sim 5$ events per year per km$^2$, which is about one order of magnitude larger than in the ISM case. In addition, these properties are independent of whether the fireballs are isotropic or beamed. Therefore, neutrino afterglows, if detected, may provide a way of distinguishing between GRB progenitor models based on the differential spectra of neutrinos and their event rates in a detector.
description: 13 pages, accepted for publication in ApJ
Thermodynamic and structural characterization of amino acid-linked dialkyl lipids.
Creators: name: Tristram-Nagle, Stephanie
name: Ruthven N. A. H. Lewis
name: Blickenstaff, Joseph W.
name: Diprima, Michael
name: Marques, Bruno F.
name: McElhaney, Ronald N.
name: Nagle, John F.
name: Schneider, James W.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: 20399 Classical Physics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), we determined some thermodynamic and structural parameters for a series of amino acid-linked dialkyl lipids containing a glutamic acid-succinate headgroup and di-alkyl chains: C12, C14, C16 and C18 in CHES buffer, pH 10. Upon heating, DSC shows that the C12, C14 and annealed C16 lipids undergo a single transition which XRD shows is from a lamellar, chain ordered subgel phase to a fluid phase. This single transition splits into two transitions for C18, and FTIR shows that the upper main transition is predominantly the melting of the hydrocarbon chains whereas the lower transition involves changes in the headgroup ordering as well as changes in the lateral packing of the chains. For short incubation times at low temperature, the C16 lipid appears to behave like the C18 lipid, but appropriate annealing at low temperatures indicates that its true equilibrium behavior is like the shorter chain lipids. XRD shows that the C12 lipid readily converts into a highly ordered subgel phase upon cooling and suggests a model with untilted, interdigitated chains and an area of 77.2A(2)/4 chains, with a distorted orthorhombic unit subcell, a=9.0A, b=4.3A and beta=92.7 degrees . As the chain length n increases, subgel formation is slowed, but untilted, interdigitated chains prevail.
Additional file 3 of Analyses of energy metabolism and stress defence provide insights into Campylobacter concisus growth and pathogenicity
Creators: name: Yeow, Melissa
name: Liu, Fang
name: Ma, Rena
name: Williams, Timothy
name: Riordan, Stephen
name: Zhang, Li
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Table S3. Query genes and proteins from E. coli strain K-12 MG1655 for identification of genes and proteins in C. concisus central carbon metabolism pathways.
Dynamics of transient disordered vortex states in BSCCO
Creators: name: Kalisky, B.
name: Bruckental, Y.
name: Shaulov, A.
name: Yeshurun, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of transient disordered vortex states in BSCCO was magneto-optically traced in three experiments: (i) during continuous injection of transient vortex states while ramping up the external magnetic field, (ii) during annealing of injected transient states while keeping the external field constant, and (iii) during annealing of transient 'supercooled' disordered states while ramping down the external field. The results reveal front-like propagation (experiment i) or retreat (experiments ii and iii) of the transient vortex states, at a rate governed by the rate of change of the external field, the annealing time tau of the transient states and the creep rate. The experimental results are theoretically analyzed in terms of competition between generation and annealing of transient disordered vortex states. Extraction of the annealing time tau from the above three experiments, yields the same results for tau as a function of the induction, B, and temperature T. Knowledge of tau(B,T) allows for correct determination of the thermodynamic order-disorder vortex phase transition line.
description: Accepted to Phys. Rev. B
Experimental constraints on the parameter space of the next-to-minimal supersymmetric standard model at LEP 2
Creators: name: Ham, Seung Woo
name: Oh, Sun Kun
name: Kim, Bjong Ro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We search for the neutral Higgs sector of the next-to-minimal supersymmetric standard model at LEP 2. At the tree level any experimental constraints on $\tan β$ cannot be set by the Higgs search at LEP 2 with $\sqrt{s}$ = 175 GeV, whereas at LEP 2 with $\sqrt{s}$ = 192 GeV $\tan β$ can be set by an experimental constraint. Furthermore the tree level parameter space of the model can be completely explored by the Higgs search at LEP 2 with $\sqrt{s}$ = 205 GeV. Radiative corrections both to the neutral Higgs boson masses and to the relevant couplings for the scalar Higgs productions give large contributions to the production cross sections of the scalar Higgs bosons at the tree level. The tree level situation at LEP 2 with $\sqrt{s}$ = 192 GeV as well as with $\sqrt{s}$ = 205 GeV can be drastically changed by these effects. We expect that a small region of the 1-loop level parameter space of the model via the scalar Higgs production can be explored by the Higgs search at LEP 2.
description: 14 pages (3 figures are included)
Constraints to the SSC model for Mkn 501
Creators: name: Tavecchio, Fabrizio
name: di Brera, Laura Maraschi Osservatorio Astronomico
name: Milano
name: Italy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We fit the SEDs of the TeV blazar Mkn 501 adopting the homogeneous Synchrotron-Self Compton model to simultaneous X-ray and TeV spectra recently become available. We present detailed model spectra calculated with the above constraints and taking into account the absorption of TeV photons by the IR background. We found that the curved TeV spectra can be naturally reproduced even without IRB absorption. Taking IRB absorption into account changes the required parameter values only slightly.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the conference "X-Ray Astronomy '99", Bologna, Italy, September 1999
Inequivalence between gravitational mass and energy due to quantum effects at microscopic and macroscopic levels
Creators: name: Lebed, Andrei G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review recent theoretical results, demonstrating breakdown of the equivalence between active and passive gravitational masses and energy due to quantum effects in General Relativity. In particular, we discuss the simplest composite quantum body - a hydrogen atom - and define its gravitational masses operators. Using Gedanken experiment, we show that the famous Einstein's equation, $E =mc^2$, is broken with small probability for passive gravitational mass of the atom. It is important that the expectation values of both active and passive gravitational masses satisfy the above mentioned equation for stationary quantum states. Nevertheless, we stress that, for quantum superpositions of stationary states in a hydrogen atom, where the expectation values of energy are constant, the expectation values of the masses oscillate in time and, thus, break the Einstein's equation. We briefly discuss experimental possibility to observe the above-mentioned time-dependent oscillations. In this review, we also improve several drawbacks of the original pioneering works.
description: 17 pages
Additional file 4 of Terlipressin for the treatment of septic shock in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Huang, Lili
name: Zhang, Shi
name: Chang, Wei
name: Xia, Feiping
name: Liu, Songqiao
name: Yang, Yi
name: Qiu, Haibo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4 Figure S4. Forest plot of the effect of terlipressin compared with catecholamine on renal function in patients with septic shock as determined by a meta-analysis.
Theory of resonant tunneling in bilayer-graphene/hexagonal-boron-nitride heterostructures
Creators: name: Barrera, Sergio C. De La
name: Feenstra, Randall
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 20399 Classical Physics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theory is developed for calculating vertical tunneling current between two sheets of bilayer grapheneseparated by a thin, insulating layer of hexagonal boron nitride, neglecting many-body effects. Results are presented using physical parameters that enable comparison of the theory with recently reported experimental results. Observed resonant tunneling and negative differential resistance in the current–voltage characteristics are explained in terms of the electrostatically-induced band gap, gate voltage modulation, density of states near the band edge, and resonances with the upper sub-band. These observations are compared to ones from similar heterostructures formed with monolayer graphene.
Additional file 4 of Genome-wide identification and characterization of lncRNAs in sunflower endosperm
Creators: name: Yu, Shuai
name: Zhang, Zhichao
name: Li, Jing
name: Zhu, Yanbin
name: Yin, Yanzhe
name: Zhang, Xiaoyu
name: Dai, Yuxin
name: Zhang, Ao
name: Li, Cong
name: Zhu, Yanshu
name: Fan, Jinjuan
name: Ruan, Yanye
name: Dong, Xiaomei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Fig. S1. Expressed lncRNAs in two crosses.
Quantum interference structures in the conductance plateaus of gold nanojunctions
Creators: name: Halbritter, A.
name: Csonka, Sz.
name: Mihály, G.
name: Shklyarevskii, O. I.
name: Speller, S.
name: van Kempen, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The conductance of breaking metallic nanojunctions shows plateaus alternated with sudden jumps, corresponding to the stretching of stable atomic configurations and atomic rearrangements, respectively. We investigate the structure of the conductance plateaus both by measuring the voltage dependence of the plateaus' slope on individual junctions and by a detailed statistical analysis on a large amount of contacts. Though the atomic discreteness of the junction plays a fundamental role in the evolution of the conductance, we find that the fine structure of the conductance plateaus is determined by quantum interference phenomenon to a great extent.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Quark Models of Baryon Masses and Decays
Creators: name: Capstick, Simon
name: Roberts, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The application of quark models to the spectra and strong and electromagnetic couplings of baryons is reviewed. This review focuses on calculations which attempt a global description of the masses and decay properties of baryons, although recent developments in applying large N_c QCD and lattice QCD to the baryon spectrum are described. After outlining the conventional one-gluon-exchange picture, models which consider extensions to this approach are contrasted with dynamical quark models based on Goldstone-boson exchange and an algebraic collective-excitation approach. The spectra and electromagnetic and strong couplings that result from these models are compared with the quantities extracted from the data and each other, and the impact of various model assumptions on these properties is emphasized. Prospects for the resolution of the important issues raised by these comparisons are discussed.
description: 91 page review article; 25 figures, 9 tables; submitted to Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics