Cebus brunneus
Creators: name: Russell A. Mittermeier
name: Anthony B. Rylands
name: Don E. Wilson
Publisher: name: Lynx Edicions
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Primates
Cebidae
Cebus
Cebus brunneus

description: 22.
Venezuelan Brown Capuchin
Cebus brunneus
French: Sapajou d'Allen / German: Venezuela-Kapuzineraffe / Spanish: Capuchino de Venezuela
Other common names: Brown Weeper Capuchin
Taxonomy. Cebus apella brunneus Allen, 1914,
Aroa (Pueblo Nuevo), station on the Bolivar Railway, Yaracuy, north-west ern Venezuela, elevation 730 feet (222 m).
P. Hershkovitz in 1949 considered this form to be a subspecies of C. nigrivittatus (= olivaceus). C. P. Groves placed it as a junior synonym of C. olivaceus. The phylogenetic analysis carried out by J. Boubli and coworkers in 2012, however, found it to be a distinct species most closely related to C. leucocephalusjust to the west in extreme western Venezuela and north-eastern Colombia. The form C. albifrons trinitatis named by von Pusch in 1941 from the island of Trinidad is genetically indistinguishable from C. brunneus. Monotypic.
Distribution. N Venezuela, E of the Sierra de Perija and along the Venezuelan Cordillera de la Costa (Coastal Range), also on E & SE of Trinidad I, where possibly introduced (lowland moist forests of the Nariva Swamp, lowland forest E of the Central Range Mountains, and the Trinity Hills Mts).
Descriptive notes. Head-body 42 cm, tail 44 cm, from type specimen. No specific data are available for body weight. Pelage of the Venezuelan Brown Capuchin is very thick and long. General color of upperparts of the type specimen is darker along the middle of the back than on the sides; hairs are dusky at their bases, passing gradually through a broad zone of chestnut into blackish with long hazel tips. The face and sides of the head are pale yellowish gray. The crown has a broad V-shaped patch of longish hairs, narrowing to a point in front, from which a narrow black line runs forward to the nose. The chin and lower part of the cheeks are whitish (clear grayish white or fulvous white in different specimens). Underparts are thinly haired, blackish brown, and tips of the hairs are hazel. The throat is lighter than the chest and belly. Upper arms from shoulders to elbows are pale yellowish (maize yellow) to the base of the hairs. Outer forearms have hairs that are blackish for most of their length, with long yellowish tips; inside forearms they are much darker. Hands are blackish. Hindlimbs are nearly like the upperparts but lighter on the outside of thighs. Hindfeet are nearly black. The tail is colored similarly to the back.
Habitat. [Lowland moist, montane, and submontane forests along the central and eastern Cordillera de la Costa of northern Venezuela and dry semi-deciduous forest and gallery forests in the western Venezuelan Llanos.
Food and Feeding. There is no specific information available for this species, but Venezuelan Brown Capuchins on Trinidad have been seen to use leaves as cups to retrieve water from tree cavities.
Breeding. There is no information available for this species.
Activity patterns. There is no information available for this species.
Movements, Home range and Social organization. There is no information available for this species.
Status and Conservation. CITES Appendix II. Classified as Least Concern on The [UCN Red List (as C. olivaceus brunneus). The Venezuelan Brown Capuchin is reported to be common. Protected areas within its distribution include Henri Pittier, El Avila, and Peninsula de Paria national parks in Venezuela, and if it is indeed the capuchin on Trinidad, very small populations are found in Bush Bush and Trinity Hills wildlife sanctuaries. Three groups totaling 31 individuals were recorded in Bush Bush and one group of twelve individuals was recorded in Trinity Hills in 1997 surveys. The population on Trinidad is classified as Critically Endangered on The IUCN Red Last.
Bibliography. Agoramoorthy & Hsu (1995), Allen (1914), Hill (1960), Bodini (1989), Bodini & Pérez-Hernandez (1987), Freese & Oppenheimer (1981), Hershkovitz (1949), Linares (1998), Phillips (1998), Phillips & Abercrombie (2003).
description: Published as part of Russell A. Mittermeier, Anthony B. Rylands & Don E. Wilson, 2013, Cebidae, pp. 348-413 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 3 Primates, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on pages 410-411, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6628559