cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Overview and Analysis of Research Studies on Gender-based Violence Among UK University Students and Staff
Creators: name: Jones, Cassandra
name: Smith, Olivia
name: Skinner, Tina
name: Gangoli, Geetanjali
name: Fenton, Rachel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: systematic review
university
gender-based violence
United Kingdom

description: There is an international body of evidence indicating that universities are significant sites for GBV (DeGue, 2014). Understanding the prevalence, characteristics, and impacts of GBV among university students and staff is essential for universities to effectively prevent and combat it. In the UK, a limited number of studies have started to address this gap (e.g. NUS, 2011) but they have not been been reviewed and synthesised to create an overall picture of what is known and not known about GBV. The overarching aim of this study was to undertake a systematic review of research on GBV among UK university students and staff to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the current state of knowledge and emerging findings, as well as to make recommendations for future research. Studies were identified through: 1) systematic searches of International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS), PsychInfo, EmBase and ISI Web of Knowledge and 2) contact with university networks and stakeholders. A total of 1,328 studies were identified. After screening, 15 studies were included in the review. None of the studies reviewed looked at GBV among staff. The focus of studies was student victimisation experiences of sexual violence (13 of 15 studies) and domestic abuse (3 of 15 studies). Findings suggest sexual harassment appears to be the most prevalent among university students followed by sexual assault and domestic abuse. Most studies (11 of 14) collected biographical information needed to understand how the intersections of gender with other social positions influenced victimisation, with findings suggesting there is a higher prevalence among marginalised groups. There was a lack of consistency in how sexual violence and domestic abuse were measured, which contributed to large variations in prevalence. Implications for findings and recommendations for future research on GBV among university staff and students are provided.
Comparative Analysis of Imbalanced Malware Byteplot Image Classification using Transfer Learning
Creators: name: M, Jayasudha
name: Shaik, Ayesha
name: Pendharkar, Gaurav
name: Kumar, Soham
name: B, Muhesh Kumar
name: Balaji, Sudharshanan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cybersecurity is a major concern due to the increasing reliance on technology and interconnected systems. Malware detectors help mitigate cyber-attacks by comparing malware signatures. Machine learning can improve these detectors by automating feature extraction, identifying patterns, and enhancing dynamic analysis. In this paper, the performance of six multiclass classification models is compared on the Malimg dataset, Blended dataset, and Malevis dataset to gain insights into the effect of class imbalance on model performance and convergence. It is observed that the more the class imbalance less the number of epochs required for convergence and a high variance across the performance of different models. Moreover, it is also observed that for malware detectors ResNet50, EfficientNetB0, and DenseNet169 can handle imbalanced and balanced data well. A maximum precision of 97% is obtained for the imbalanced dataset, a maximum precision of 95% is obtained on the intermediate imbalance dataset, and a maximum precision of 95% is obtained for the perfectly balanced dataset.
description: accepted at PEIS2023 and will be published in Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering
ความหมายของการเป็นอาจารย์มหาวิทยาลัย
Creators: name: ตติยา ปัฐยาวัต
Publisher: name: กองบริหารการวิจัย
Year: 2562
Subjects: ความหมายของการเป็นอาจารย์มหาวิทยาลัย, สังคมวิทยาอาชีพ, อาจารย์มหาวิทยาลัย, การปฏิสังสรรค์สัญลักษณ์, บรรยากาศองค์กร

description: วารสารธรรมศาสตร์, 38, 2, 49-80
Scaffold-constrained molecular generation
Creators: name: Langevin, Maxime
name: Minoux, Herve
name: Levesque, Maximilien
name: Bianciotto, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: One of the major applications of generative models for drug Discovery targets the lead-optimization phase. During the optimization of a lead series, it is common to have scaffold constraints imposed on the structure of the molecules designed. Without enforcing such constraints, the probability of generating molecules with the required scaffold is extremely low and hinders the practicality of generative models for de-novo drug design. To tackle this issue, we introduce a new algorithm to perform scaffold-constrained in-silico molecular design. We build on the well-known SMILES-based Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) generative model, with a modified sampling procedure to achieve scaffold-constrained generation. We directly benefit from the associated reinforcement Learning methods, allowing to design molecules optimized for different properties while exploring only the relevant chemical space. We showcase the method's ability to perform scaffold-constrained generation on various tasks: designing novel molecules around scaffolds extracted from SureChEMBL chemical series, generating novel active molecules on the Dopamine Receptor D2 (DRD2) target, and, finally, designing predicted actives on the MMP-12 series, an industrial lead-optimization project.
Formation of Liesegang patterns in the presence of an electric field
Creators: name: Bena, I.
name: Droz, M.
name: Racz, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of an external electric field on the formation of Liesegang patterns are investigated. The patterns are assumed to emerge from a phase separation process in the wake of a diffusive reaction front. The dynamics is described by a Cahn-Hilliard equation with a moving source term representing the reaction zone, and the electric field enters through its effects on the properties of the reaction zone. We employ our previous results [I. Bena, F. Coppex, M. Droz, and Z. Rácz, J. Chem. Phys. {\bf 122}, 024512 (2005)] on how the electric field changes both the motion of the front, as well as the amount of reaction product left behind the front, and our main conclusion is that the number of precipitation bands becomes finite in a finite electric field. The reason for the finiteness in case when the electric field drives the reagents towards the reaction zone is that the width of consecutive bands increases so that, beyond a distance $\ell_+$, the precipitation is continuous (plug is formed). In case of an electric field of opposite polarity, the bands emerge in a finite interval $\ell_-$, since the reaction product decreases with time and the conditions for phase separation cease to exist. We give estimates of $\ell_{\pm}$ in terms of measurable quantities and thus present an experimentally verifiable prediction of the "Cahn-Hilliard equation with a moving source" description of Liesegang phenomena.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures, submitted to J. Chem. Phys
Boundary transfer matrix spectrum of measurement-induced transitions
Creators: name: Kumar, Abhishek
name: Aziz, Kemal
name: Chakraborty, Ahana
name: Ludwig, Andreas W. W.
name: Gopalakrishnan, Sarang
name: Pixley, J. H.
name: Vasseur, Romain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurement-induced phase transitions (MIPTs) are known to be described by non-unitary conformal field theories (CFTs) whose precise nature remains unknown. Most physical quantities of interest, such as the entanglement features of quantum trajectories, are described by boundary observables in this CFT. We introduce a transfer matrix approach to study the boundary spectrum of this field theory, and consider a variety of boundary conditions. We apply this approach numerically to monitored Haar and Clifford circuits, and to the measurement-only Ising model where the boundary scaling dimensions can be derived analytically. Our transfer matrix approach provides a systematic numerical tool to study the spectrum of MIPTs.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures, 1 table
Spatial and Temporal Variations in Small-Scale Galactic HI Structure Toward 3C~138
Creators: name: Brogan, C. L.
name: Zauderer, B. A.
name: Lazio, T. J.
name: Goss, W. M.
name: De Pree, C. D.
name: Fasion, M. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present three epochs of VLBA observations of Galactic HI absorption toward the quasar 3C~138 with resolutions of 20 mas (~ 10 AU). This analysis includes VLBA data from observations in 1999 and 2002 along with a reexamination of 1995 VLBA data. Improved data reduction and imaging techniques have led to an order of magnitude improvement in sensitivity compared to previous work. With these new data we confirm the previously detected milliarcsecond scale spatial variations in the HI opacity at the level of Delta(tau_{max}) =0.50 \pm 0.05. The typical size scale of the optical depth variations is ~ 50 mas or 25 AU. In addition, for the first time we see clear evidence for temporal variations in the HI opacity over the seven year time span of our three epochs of data. We also attempted to detect the magnetic field strength in the HI gas using the Zeeman effect. From this analysis we have been able to place a 3 sigma upper limit on the magnetic field strength per pixel of ~45 muG. We have also been able to calculate for the first time the plane of sky covering fraction of the small scale HI gas of ~10%. We also find that the line widths of the milliarcsecond sizescale HI features are comparable to those determined from previous single dish measurements toward 3C~138, suggesting that the opacity variations cannot be due to changes in the HI spin temperature. From these results we favor a density enhancement interpretation for the small scale HI structures, although these enhancements appear to be of short duration and are unlikely to be in equilibrium.
description: 34 pages, 8 figures. Figures 3 & 4 are in color. Accepted to AJ
The edge switch transformation in microwave networks
Creators: name: Yunko, Vitalii
name: Białous, Małgorzata
name: Sirko, Leszek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the spectra of resonances of four-vertex microwave networks simulating both quantum graphs with preserved and with partially violated time-reversal invariance before and after an edge switch operation. We show experimentally that under the edge switch operation the spectra of the microwave networks with preserved time reversal symmetry are level-1 interlaced, i.e., $ν_{n-r}\leq \tilde ν_{n}\leq ν_{n+r}$, where $r=1$, in agreement with the recent theoretical predictions of [M. Aizenman, H. Schanz, U. Smilansky, and S. Warzel, Acta Phys. Pol. A {\bf 132}, 1699 (2017)]. Here, we denote by $\{ν_{n}\}_{n=1}^{\infty}$ and $\{\tilde ν_{n}\}_{n=1}^{\infty}$ the spectra of microwave networks before and after the edge switch transformation. We demonstrate that the experimental distribution $P(ΔN)$ of the spectral shift $ΔN$ is close to the theoretical one. Furthermore, we show experimentally that in the case of the four-vertex networks with partially violated time reversal symmetry the spectra are level-1 interlaced. Our experimental results are supplemented by the numerical calculations performed for quantum graphs with violated time-reversal symmetry. In this case the edge switch transformation also leads to the spectra which are level-1 interlaced. Moreover, we demonstrate that for microwave networks simulating graphs with violated time-reversal symmetry the experimental distribution $P(ΔN)$ of the spectral shift $ΔN$ agrees within the experimental uncertainly with the numerical one.
Charge order in the incommensurate compounds $Sr\_{14-x}Ca\_xCu\_{24}O\_{41}$
Creators: name: Lepetit, Marie-Bernadette
name: Gellé, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present paper studies, using ab-initio calculations, the influence of the incommensurate structural modulations on the low energy physics of the $Sr\_{14-x}Ca\_xCu\_{24}O\_{41}$ oxides. On-site, nearest-neighbor and next-nearest-neighbor effective parameters were computed within a $t-J+V$ model based on the copper magnetic orbitals. The structural modulations appear to be the key degree of freedom, responsible for the low energy properties such as the electron localization, the formation of dimers in the $x=0$ compound or the anti-ferromagnetic order in the $x=13.6$ compound.
Pressure-induced reconstructive phase transition in Cd$_3$As$_2$
Creators: name: Gamża, Monika
name: Abrami, Paolo
name: Gammond, Lawrence V D
name: Ayres, Jake
name: Osmond, Israel
name: Muramtsu, Takaki
name: Armstrong, Robert
name: Perryman, Hugh
name: Daisenberger, Dominik
name: Das, Sitikantha
name: Friedemann, Sven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cadmium arsenide Cd$_3$As$_2$ hosts massless Dirac electrons in its ambient-conditions tetragonal phase. We report X-ray diffraction and electrical resistivity measurements of Cd$_3$As$_2$ upon cycling pressure beyond the critical pressure of the tetragonal phase and back to ambient conditions. We find that at room temperature the transition between the low- and high-pressure phases results in large microstrain and reduced crystallite size both on rising and falling pressure. This leads to non-reversible electronic properties including self-doping associated with defects and a reduction of the electron mobility by an order of magnitude due to increased scattering. Our study indicates that the structural transformation is sluggish and shows a sizable hysteresis of over 1~GPa. Therefore, we conclude that the transition is first-order reconstructive, with chemical bonds being broken and rearranged in the high-pressure phase. Using the diffraction measurements we demonstrate that annealing at ~200$^\circ$C greatly improves the crystallinity of the high-pressure phase. We show that its Bragg peaks can be indexed as a primitive orthorhombic lattice with a_HP~8.68 A b_HP~17.15 A and c_HP~18.58 A. The diffraction study indicates that during the structural transformation a new phase with another primitive orthorhombic structure may be also stabilized by deviatoric stress, providing an additional venue for tuning the unconventional electronic states in Cd3As2.
description: 12 pages with 7 figures
Rittner, Reinhard: Rechtfertigung in: Lehrverurteilungen - kirchentrennend?
Creators: name: Vo.
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 40 Nr. 2 (1991): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 40, Heft 2
Where do people want to become entrepreneurs? Mapping entrepreneurship potential across Great Britain
Creators: name: Mewes, Lars
name: Ebert, Tobias
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Promoting entrepreneurial activities is crucial for regions to facilitate innovation and economic development. Yet, becoming an entrepreneur is not aspired by all people, and regions may differ considerably in their entrepreneurship potential. Assessing and providing accurate estimates of the entrepreneurship potential across fine-grained spatial scales is thus crucial to inform regional policymakers, but it still remains a major challenge due to data availability. Here we used the lab data set from the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) covering 368,364 individuals and providing high-resolution data about their residences to map the entrepreneurship potential across 9271 postcode sectors in Great Britain. We used a novel mapping approach that relies on a spatial smoothing function based on distance weights to utilize the most fine-grained spatial level available in the data. Our detailed maps show substantial difference in entrepreneurship potential across postcode sectors in Great Britain and within the largest cities: London, Birmingham and Manchester.
Victima: Drastically Increasing Address Translation Reach by Leveraging Underutilized Cache Resources
Creators: name: Kanellopoulos, Konstantinos
name: Nam, Hong Chul
name: Bostanci, F. Nisa
name: Bera, Rahul
name: Sadrosadati, Mohammad
name: Kumar, Rakesh
name: Bartolini, Davide-Basilio
name: Mutlu, Onur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Operating Systems (cs.OS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.0

description: Address translation is a performance bottleneck in data-intensive workloads due to large datasets and irregular access patterns that lead to frequent high-latency page table walks (PTWs). PTWs can be reduced by using (i) large hardware TLBs or (ii) large software-managed TLBs. Unfortunately, both solutions have significant drawbacks: increased access latency, power and area (for hardware TLBs), and costly memory accesses, the need for large contiguous memory blocks, and complex OS modifications (for software-managed TLBs). We present Victima, a new software-transparent mechanism that drastically increases the translation reach of the processor by leveraging the underutilized resources of the cache hierarchy. The key idea of Victima is to repurpose L2 cache blocks to store clusters of TLB entries, thereby providing an additional low-latency and high-capacity component that backs up the last-level TLB and thus reduces PTWs. Victima has two main components. First, a PTW cost predictor (PTW-CP) identifies costly-to-translate addresses based on the frequency and cost of the PTWs they lead to. Second, a TLB-aware cache replacement policy prioritizes keeping TLB entries in the cache hierarchy by considering (i) the translation pressure (e.g., last-level TLB miss rate) and (ii) the reuse characteristics of the TLB entries. Our evaluation results show that in native (virtualized) execution environments Victima improves average end-to-end application performance by 7.4% (28.7%) over the baseline four-level radix-tree-based page table design and by 6.2% (20.1%) over a state-of-the-art software-managed TLB, across 11 diverse data-intensive workloads. Victima (i) is effective in both native and virtualized environments, (ii) is completely transparent to application and system software, and (iii) incurs very small area and power overheads on a modern high-end CPU.
description: To appear in 56th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture (MICRO), 2023
Can $Ω(2012)$ be explained as a molecular state?
Creators: name: Liu, Xuejie
name: Huang, Hongxia
name: Ping, Jialun
name: Chen, Dianyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We conduct a dynamical calculation of pentaquark systems with quark contents $sssu\bar{u}$ in the framework of two quark models: the chiral quark model(ChQM) and quark delocalization color screening model(QDCSM). The effective potentials between baryon and meson clusters are given, and the possible bound states are also investigated. Besides, the study of the scattering process of the open channels is also performed to look for any resonance state. The results show that the $Ω(2012)$ is not suitable for the interpretation as a $Ξ^{*} \bar{K}$ molecular state in present quark models. Two resonance states: the $Ξ^{*}\bar{K}^{*}$ with $IJ^{P}=0\frac{3}{2}^{-}$ ($M=2328\sim2374$ MeV, $Γ=57\sim65.5$ MeV) and $IJ^{P}=1\frac{3}{2}^{-}$ ($M=2341\sim2386$ MeV, $Γ=31.5\sim100$ MeV) are obtained in both QDCSM and ChQM, which indicates that both of these two states are more possible to be existed and worthy of being searched by future experiments.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Musica para dos megainstrumentos y grupo de camara
Creators: name: Vasquez, Hebert Andres
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Musica para dos megainstrumentos y grupo de camara (Music for two Megainstruments and Chamber Ensemble) is a six-section piece written for two violins (treated as a megaviolin), two flutes (treated as a megaflute) and chamber ensemble. Both the form and the different tempi of the piece are determined by the interaction of the two mega-instruments and the ensemble. The piece is an original contribution in its concept and use of the megainstruments. A mega-instrument is composed by two single instruments of the same kind. The main function of the mega-instrument is that of expanding the technical possibilities of the individual instruments that constitute it, as well as creating new possibilities, while keeping, at the same time, the specific characteristics or "personality" of the original instruments. In the Primer ensamble and Segundo ensamble sections the two mega-instruments are incorporated into the ensemble and treated as four individual instruments. The basic pitch structure of the piece is represented by SC [014], which is further organized in a six-note scale that is a member of SC [014589]. The six-note scale (used in the piece as an unordered set) and its three available transpositions create a universe of four pitch regions with two different modulation levels to connect them. Pitch Regions are also used simultaneously in the piece. This procedure (that I have called a multi region) includes harmonic and/or melodic intervals that are not available within single pitch regions. The piece could be defined as atonal or without pitch centers. It is characterized by an interaction of the tempered system and the pitch continuum (microtones and glissandi).
Full configuration interaction approach to the few-electron problem in artificial atoms
Creators: name: Rontani, Massimo
name: Cavazzoni, Carlo
name: Bellucci, Devis
name: Goldoni, Guido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new high-performance configuration interaction code optimally designed for the calculation of the lowest energy eigenstates of a few electrons in semiconductor quantum dots (also called artificial atoms) in the strong interaction regime. The implementation relies on a single-particle representation, but it is independent of the choice of the single-particle basis and, therefore, of the details of the device and configuration of external fields. Assuming no truncation of the Fock space of Slater determinants generated from the chosen single-particle basis, the code may tackle regimes where Coulomb interaction very effectively mixes many determinants. Typical strongly correlated systems lead to very large diagonalization problems; in our implementation, the secular equation is reduced to its minimal rank by exploiting the symmetry of the effective-mass interacting Hamiltonian, including square total spin. The resulting Hamiltonian is diagonalized via parallel implementation of the Lanczos algorithm. The code gives access to both wave functions and energies of first excited states. Excellent code scalability in a parallel environment is demonstrated; accuracy is tested for the case of up to eight electrons confined in a two-dimensional harmonic trap as the density is progressively diluted and correlation becomes dominant. Comparison with previous Quantum Monte Carlo simulations in the Wigner regime demonstrates power and flexibility of the method.
description: RevTeX 4.0, 18 pages, 6 tables, 9 postscript b/w figures. Final version with new material. Section 6 on the excitation spectrum has been added. Some material has been moved to two appendices, which appear in the EPAPS web depository in the published version
Inducing α″ phase by interstitial carbon atoms to achieve strength-ductility enhancement in as-printed Ti alloy
Creators: name: Gan, Xuemeng
name: Ye, Dong
name: Li, Shaofu
name: Xiao, Shunyuan
name: Hu, Chaoquan
name: Kondoh, Katsuyoshi
name: Kariya, Shota
name: Zhang, Lei
name: Yang, Yafeng
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biophysics
Space Science
Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Intermediate α″ phase was constructed in as-printed Ti alloys by introducing interstitial carbon atoms to mitigate the detrimental effects of α′ martensite on ductility. The interstitials served as a lattice modulation limiter to achieve an incomplete atomic shuffle during martensitic transformation process to form metastable α″ phase, followed by stabilizing the α″ to inhibit the growth of α′ martensite. The resulting microstructure, characterized by a dominant α/α′ matrix decorated with fine α″ phase, enhanced twinning formation ability and induced dynamic Hall–Petch and grain refinement strengthening effects. This resulted in simultaneous improvements in both strength and ductility.
Control of Stochastic Quantum Dynamics by Differentiable Programming
Creators: name: Schäfer, Frank
name: Sekatski, Pavel
name: Koppenhöfer, Martin
name: Bruder, Christoph
name: Kloc, Michal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Control of the stochastic dynamics of a quantum system is indispensable in fields such as quantum information processing and metrology. However, there is no general ready-made approach to the design of efficient control strategies. Here, we propose a framework for the automated design of control schemes based on differentiable programming ($\partial \mathrm{P}$). We apply this approach to the state preparation and stabilization of a qubit subjected to homodyne detection. To this end, we formulate the control task as an optimization problem where the loss function quantifies the distance from the target state, and we employ neural networks (NNs) as controllers. The system's time evolution is governed by a stochastic differential equation (SDE). To implement efficient training, we backpropagate the gradient information from the loss function through the SDE solver using adjoint sensitivity methods. As a first example, we feed the quantum state to the controller and focus on different methods of obtaining gradients. As a second example, we directly feed the homodyne detection signal to the controller. The instantaneous value of the homodyne current contains only very limited information on the actual state of the system, masked by unavoidable photon-number fluctuations. Despite the resulting poor signal-to-noise ratio, we can train our controller to prepare and stabilize the qubit to a target state with a mean fidelity of around 85%. We also compare the solutions found by the NN to a hand-crafted control strategy.
description: equivalent to published version, 19+17 pages, 5+3 figures
Strain rate-independent growth of the deformation twin in a CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy
Creators: name: Yin, Shipan
name: Zhang, Fan
name: He, Jingyao
name: Meng, Zeyu
name: Li, Zezhou
name: Cheng, Xingwang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Growth characteristics of deformation twins are investigated in a CrMnFeCoNi alloy. Irrespective of grain size and strain rate, the twins assume a special morphology of extremely thin lamellae with an average thickness of ∼4.0 nm. The twin lamellae run through a whole grain and twin thickness only increases slightly, indicating that twin thickening is difficult. Increasing the volume fraction of deformation twins is mainly achieved by the accumulation of thin twins with an increasing strain rate. Moreover, twin fronts are invariably composed of cooperative Shockley partial dislocations with minimized Burgers vector, which could be taken into account for the strain rate-independent twin growth under certain conditions.
Bandstructure meets many-body theory: The LDA+DMFT method
Creators: name: Held, K.
name: Andersen, O. K.
name: Feldbacher, M.
name: Yamasaki, A.
name: Yang, Y. -F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ab initio calculation of the electronic properties of materials is a major challenge for solid state theory. Whereas the experience of forty years has proven density functional theory (DFT) in a suitable, e.g. local approximation (LDA) to give a satisfactory description in case electronic correlations are weak, materials with strongly correlated, say d- or f-electrons remain a challenge. Such materials often exhibit colossal responses to small changes of external parameters such as pressure, temperature, and magnetic field, and are therefore most interesting for technical applications. Encouraged by the success of dynamical mean field theory (DMFT) in dealing with model Hamiltonians for strongly correlated electron systems, physicists from the bandstructure and many-body communities have joined forces and have developed a combined LDA+DMFT method for treating materials with strongly correlated electrons ab initio. As a function of increasing Coulomb correlations, this new approach yields a weakly correlated metal, a strongly correlated metal, or a Mott insulator. In this paper, we introduce the LDA+DMFT by means of an example, LaMnO_3 . Results for this material, including the colossal magnetoresistance of doped manganites are presented. We also discuss advantages and disadvantages of the LDA+DMFT approach.
description: Introduction of LDA+DMFT in a nutshell, as presented at the workshop ''Theory meets Industry'' Vienna, 2007. The manuscript will be published as is in the workshop's proceedings, a special issue of J. Phys. Cond. Matter. 11 pages, 4 figures (in 8 eps files)
Timing of Eight Binary Millisecond Pulsars Found with Arecibo in Fermi-LAT Unidentified Sources
Creators: name: Deneva, J. S.
name: Ray, P. S.
name: Camilo, F.
name: Freire, P. C. C.
name: Cromartie, H. T.
name: Ransom, S. M.
name: Ferrara, E.
name: Kerr, M.
name: Burnett, T. H.
name: Parkinson, P. M. Saz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present timing solutions for eight binary millisecond pulsars (MSPs) discovered by searching unidentified Fermi-LAT source positions with the 327 MHz receiver of the Arecibo 305-m radio telescope. Five of the pulsars are "spiders" with orbital periods shorter than 8.1 h. Three of these are in "black widow" systems (with degenerate companions of 0.02-0.03 solar masses), one is in a "redback" system (with a non-degenerate companion of $\gtrsim 0.3$ solar masses), and one (J1908+2105) is an apparent middle-ground case between the two observational classes. The remaining three pulsars have white dwarf companions and longer orbital periods. With the initially derived radio timing solutions, we detected gamma-ray pulsations from all MSPs and extended the timing solutions using photons from the full Fermi mission, thus confirming the identification of these MSPs with the Fermi-LAT sources. The radio emission of the redback is eclipsed during 50% of its orbital period, which is typical for this kind of system. Two of the black widows exhibit radio eclipses lasting for 10-20% of the orbit, while J1908+2105 eclipses for 40% of the orbit. We investigate an apparent link between gamma-ray emission and a short orbital period among known binary MSPs in the Galactic disk, and conclude that selection effects cannot be ruled out as the cause. Based on this analysis we outline how the likelihood of new MSP discoveries can be improved in ongoing and future pulsar searches.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures; accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Mapping regional impacts of agricultural expansion on terrestrial carbon storage
Creators: name: Janes-Bassett, Victoria
name: Bassett, Richard
name: Yumashev, Dmitry
name: Blair, Gordon
name: Davies, Jess
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: As a result of growing food demands, the area of land used globally for agriculture has rapidly increased over the last 300 years. Clearance of natural vegetation and conversion of land to agriculture is often associated with terrestrial carbon loss, from both vegetation and soil stores. Changes in terrestrial carbon storage has implications for food production, climate and water regulation. Quantifying these changes is therefore vital to understand the risks to and resilience of these benefits. Land use in the East of England has significantly changed during this period and is now predominantly used for agriculture, specifically arable use. In order to map changes to terrestrial carbon storage in this region since 1700, we apply a plant–soil system biogeochemistry model, N14CP. The model indicates carbon storage in the East of England has decreased by 109 Mt (−35.7%) during the study period, and whilst losses are observed in both soil and vegetation stores, vegetation losses as a result of forest clearance dominate. These findings have implications for carbon sequestration strategies; the largest carbon storage gains within the region are likely to be achieved through land-use transitions such as afforestation, rather than soil sequestration through changing arable management practices.
Infrared Imaging of Planetary Nebulae from the Ground Up
Creators: name: Hora, Joseph L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New ground-based telescopes and instruments, the return of the NICMOS instrument on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), and the recent launch of the Spitzer Space Telescope have provided new tools that are being utilized in the study of planetary nebulae. Multiwavelength, high spatial resolution ground-based and HST imaging have been used to probe the inner regions of young PNe to determine their structure and evaluate formation mechanisms. Spitzer/IRAC and MIPS have been used to image more evolved PNe to determine the spatial distribution of molecular hydrogen, ionized gas, and dust in the nebulae and halos.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, invited review given at IAU Symp. 234, to appear in "Planetary Nebulae in Our Galaxy and Beyond", eds. M. J. Barlow & R. H. Mendez
Lehmann, Karl: Lehrverurteilungen - kirchentrennend?
Creators: name: Schäfer, Rolf
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 40 Nr. 2 (1991): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 40, Heft 2
Decay amplitudes to three hadrons from finite-volume matrix elements
Creators: name: Hansen, Maxwell T.
name: Romero-López, Fernando
name: Sharpe, Stephen R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive relations between finite-volume matrix elements and infinite-volume decay amplitudes, for processes with three spinless, degenerate and either identical or non-identical particles in the final state. This generalizes the Lellouch-Lüscher relation for two-particle decays and provides a strategy for extracting three-hadron decay amplitudes using lattice QCD. Unlike for two particles, even in the simplest approximation, one must solve integral equations to obtain the physical decay amplitude, a consequence of the nontrivial finite-state interactions. We first derive the result in a simplified theory with three identical particles, and then present the generalizations needed to study phenomenologically relevant three-pion decays. The specific processes we discuss are the CP-violating $K \to 3π$ weak decay, the isospin-breaking $η\to 3π$ QCD transition, and the electromagnetic $γ^*\to 3π$ amplitudes that enter the calculation of the hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to muonic $g-2$.
description: 43 pages, 2 figures. Updated to match published version
On the Interpretability of Part-Prototype Based Classifiers: A Human Centric Analysis
Creators: name: Davoodi, Omid
name: Mohammadizadehsamakosh, Shayan
name: Komeili, Majid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Part-prototype networks have recently become methods of interest as an interpretable alternative to many of the current black-box image classifiers. However, the interpretability of these methods from the perspective of human users has not been sufficiently explored. In this work, we have devised a framework for evaluating the interpretability of part-prototype-based models from a human perspective. The proposed framework consists of three actionable metrics and experiments. To demonstrate the usefulness of our framework, we performed an extensive set of experiments using Amazon Mechanical Turk. They not only show the capability of our framework in assessing the interpretability of various part-prototype-based models, but they also are, to the best of our knowledge, the most comprehensive work on evaluating such methods in a unified framework.
description: Intended for submission to Nature Scientific Reports
Empirical methods in business location research
Creators: name: Carpenter, Craig Wesley
name: Van Sandt, Anders
name: Loveridge, Scott
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: A frequent theme in regional science is exploring the determinants of business establishment locations. We briefly review the theoretical perspectives motivating several frameworks underpinning locational determinant analyses. We summarize and review trade-offs involved in established and emerging econometric techniques that researchers use to analyse locational determinants. We conclude with opportunities for future research, including understudied frameworks, potential data sources and methodological developments.
Multi thermal atmosphere of a mini solar flare during magnetic reconnection observed with IRIS
Creators: name: Joshi, Reetika
name: Schmieder, Brigitte
name: Tei, Akiko
name: Aulanier, Guillaume
name: Lörinčík, Juraj
name: Chandra, Ramesh
name: Heinzel, Petr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph(IRIS) with its high spatial and temporal resolution brings exceptional plasma diagnostics of solar chromospheric and coronal activity during magnetic reconnection. The aim of this work is to study the fine structure and dynamics of the plasma at a jet base forming a mini flare between two emerging magnetic fluxes (EMFs) observed with IRIS and the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) instruments. We proceed to a spatio-temporal analysis of IRIS spectra observed in the spectral ranges of Mg II, C II, and Si IV ions. Doppler velocities from Mg II lines are computed by using a cloud model technique. Strong asymmetric Mg II and C II line profiles with extended blue wings observed at the reconnection site (jet base) are interpreted by the presence of two chromospheric temperature clouds, one explosive cloud with blueshifts at 290 km/s and one cloud with smaller Dopplershift (around 36 km/s). Simultaneously at the same location (jet base), strong emission of several transition region lines (e.g. O IV and Si IV), emission of the Mg II triplet lines of the Balmer-continuum and absorption of identified chromospheric lines in Si IV broad profiles have been observed and analysed. Such observations of IRIS line and continuum emissions allow us to propose a stratification model for the white-light mini flare atmosphere with multiple layers of different temperatures along the line of sight, in a reconnection current sheet. It is the first time that we could quantify the fast speed (possibly Alfvénic flows) of cool clouds ejected perpendicularly to the jet direction by using the cloud model technique. We conjecture that the ejected clouds come from plasma which was trapped between the two EMFs before reconnection or be caused by chromospheric-temperature (cool) upflow material like in a surge, during reconnection
description: 20 pages, 17 figures, Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Radiation Signatures From Striped Blazar Jet
Creators: name: Zhang, Haocheng
name: Giannios, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relativistic jets from supermassive black holes are among the most powerful and luminous astrophysical systems in Universe. We propose that the open magnetic field lines through the black hole, which drive a strongly magnetized jet, may have their polarity reversing over time scales related to the growth of the magneto-rotational dynamo in the disc, resulting in dissipative structures in the jet characterized by reversing toroidal field polarities, referred to as ``stripes''. Magnetic reconnection between the stripes dissipates the magnetic energy and powers jet acceleration. The striped jet model can explain the jet acceleration, large-scale jet emission, and blazar emission signatures consistently in a unified physical picture. Specifically, we find that the jet accelerates to the bulk Lorentz factor $Γ\gtrsim 10$ within one parsec distance from the central engine. The acceleration slows down but continues at larger distances, with intrinsic acceleration rate $\dotΓ/Γ$ between $0.0005~\rm{yr^{-1}}$ and $0.005~\rm{yr^{-1}}$ at tens of parsecs, which is in very good agreement with recent radio observations. Magnetic reconnection continuously accelerates nonthermal particles over large distances from the central engine, resulting in the core-shift effect and overall flat-to-inverted synchrotron spectrum. The large-scale spectral luminosity peak $ν_{\rm peak}$ is anti-proportional to the location of the peak of the dissipation, which is set by the minimal stripe width $l_{\rm min}$. The blazar zone is approximately at the same location. At this distance, the jet is moderately magnetized, with the comoving magnetic field strength and dissipation power consistent with typical leptonic blazar model parameters.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, accepted for MNRAS
On Nonzero Kronecker Coefficients and their Consequences for Spectra
Creators: name: Christandl, Matthias
name: Harrow, Aram
name: Mitchison, Graeme
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A triple of spectra (r^A, r^B, r^{AB}) is said to be admissible if there is a density operator rho^{AB} with (Spec rho^A, Spec rho^B, Spec rho^{AB})=(r^A, r^B, r^{AB}). How can we characterise such triples? It turns out that the admissible spectral triples correspond to Young diagrams (mu, nu, lambda) with nonzero Kronecker coefficient [M. Christandl and G. Mitchison, to appear in Comm. Math. Phys., quant-ph/0409016; A. Klyachko, quant-ph/0409113]. This means that the irreducible representation V_lambda is contained in the tensor product of V_mu and V_nu. Here, we show that such triples form a finitely generated semigroup, thereby resolving a conjecture of Klyachko. As a consequence we are able to obtain stronger results than in [M. Ch. and G. M. op. cit.] and give a complete information-theoretic proof of the correspondence between triples of spectra and representations. Finally, we show that spectral triples form a convex polytope.
description: 13 pages
Track Lab: extensible data acquisition software for fast pixel detectors, online analysis and automation
Creators: name: Mánek, Petr
name: Burian, Petr
name: David-Bosne, Eric
name: Smolyanskiy, Petr
name: Bergmann, Benedikt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Fast, incremental evolution of physics instrumentation raises the question of efficient software abstraction and transferability of algorithms across similar technologies. This contribution aims to provide an answer by introducing Track Lab, a modern data acquisition program focusing on extensibility and high performance. Shipping with documented API and more than 20 standard modules, Track Lab allows complex analysis pipelines to be constructed from simple, reusable building blocks. Thanks to multi-threaded infrastructure, data can be clustered, filtered, aggregated and plotted concurrently in real-time. In addition, full hardware support for Timepix2, Timepix3 pixel detectors and embedded photomultiplier systems enables such analysis to be carried out online during data acquisition. Repetitive procedures can be automated with support for motorized stages and X-ray tubes. Freely distributed on 7 popular operating systems and 2 CPU architectures, Track Lab is a versatile tool for high energy physics research.
description: Proceedings of the 24th International Workshop on Radiation Imaging Detectors (IWORID 2023)