cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Anchoring Code Understandability Evaluations Through Task Descriptions
Creators: name: Wyrich, Marvin
name: Merz, Lasse
name: Graziotin, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In code comprehension experiments, participants are usually told at the beginning what kind of code comprehension task to expect. Describing experiment scenarios and experimental tasks will influence participants in ways that are sometimes hard to predict and control. In particular, describing or even mentioning the difficulty of a code comprehension task might anchor participants and their perception of the task itself. In this study, we investigated in a randomized, controlled experiment with 256 participants (50 software professionals and 206 computer science students) whether a hint about the difficulty of the code to be understood in a task description anchors participants in their own code comprehensibility ratings. Subjective code evaluations are a commonly used measure for how well a developer in a code comprehension study understood code. Accordingly, it is important to understand how robust these measures are to cognitive biases such as the anchoring effect. Our results show that participants are significantly influenced by the initial scenario description in their assessment of code comprehensibility. An initial hint of hard to understand code leads participants to assess the code as harder to understand than participants who received no hint or a hint of easy to understand code. This affects students and professionals alike. We discuss examples of design decisions and contextual factors in the conduct of code comprehension experiments that can induce an anchoring effect, and recommend the use of more robust comprehension measures in code comprehension studies to enhance the validity of results.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures. To appear in ICPC '22: IEEE/ACM International Conference on Program Comprehension, May 21-22, 2022, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
Thermal Electromagnetic Radiation in Heavy-Ion Collisions
Creators: name: Rapp, R.
name: van Hees, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the potential of precise measurements of electromagnetic probes in relativistic heavy-ion collisions for the theoretical understanding of strongly interacting matter. The penetrating nature of photons and dileptons implies that they can carry undistorted information about the hot and dense regions of the fireballs formed in these reactions and thus provide a unique opportunity to measure the electromagnetic spectral function of QCD matter as a function of both invariant mass and momentum. In particular we report on recent progress on how the medium modifications of the (dominant) isovector part of the vector current correlator ($ρ$ channel) can shed light on the mechanism of chiral symmetry restoration in the hot and/or dense environment. In addition, thermal dilepton radiation enables novel access to (a) the fireball lifetime through the dilepton yield in the low invariant-mass window $0.3 \; \mathrm{GeV} \leq M \leq 0.7 \; \mathrm{GeV}$, and (b) the early temperatures of the fireball through the slope of the invariant-mass spectrum in the intermediate-mass region ($1.5 \; \mathrm{GeV}
description: 5 pages, 4 figures; contribution to the NICA White Paper (EPJA topical issue)
Invisible flat bands on a topological chiral edge
Creators: name: Xu, Youjiang
name: Titvinidze, Irakli
name: Hofstetter, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove that invisible bands associated with zeros of the single-particle Green's function exist ubiquitously at topological interfaces of 2D Chern insulators, dual to the chiral edge/domain-wall modes. We verify this statement in a repulsive Hubbard model with a topological flat band, using real-space dynamical mean-field theory to study the domain walls of its ferromagnetic ground state. Moreover, our numerical results show that the chiral modes are split into branches due to the interaction, and that the branches are connected by invisible flat bands. Our work provides deeper insight into interacting topological systems.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Victorian Catholics and the State aid to Catholic schools : religion in State schools issues, 1901-1939
Creators: name: Hannan, Anthony William
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the Reference field.
Model development data including genetic perturbation screens and gene-drug synergies
Creators: name: Dorel, Mathurin
name: Eckert, Cornelia
name: Delattre, Oliver
name: Armengol, Cornelia
name: Kappler, Roland
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: CROPseq
CRISPR
drug screen
perturbation data
molecular data
Ewing Sarcoma
Hepatoblastoma

description: This deliverable reports on the generation of CROPseq and drug screening data for two Ewing Sarcoma cell lines, one Hepatoblastoma cell line and one B-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia cell line.
Robust interpolation for dispersed gas-droplet flows using statistical learning with the Fully Lagrangian Approach
Creators: name: Stafford, C. P.
name: Rybdylova, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel methodology is presented for reconstructing the Eulerian number density field of dispersed gas-droplet flows modelled using the Fully Lagrangian Approach (FLA). In this work, the nonparametric framework of kernel regression is used to accumulate the FLA number density contributions of individual droplets in accordance with the spatial structure of the dispersed phase. The high variation which is observed in the droplet number density field for unsteady flows is accounted for by using the Eulerian-Lagrangian transformation tensor, which is central to the FLA, to specify the size and shape of the kernel associated with each droplet. This procedure enables a high level of structural detail to be retained, and it is demonstrated that far fewer droplets have to be tracked in order to reconstruct a faithful Eulerian representation of the dispersed phase. Furthermore, the kernel regression procedure is easily extended to higher dimensions, and inclusion of the droplet radius within the phase space description using the generalised Fully Lagrangian Approach (gFLA) additionally enables statistics of the droplet size distribution to be determined for polydisperse flows. The developed methodology is applied to a range of one-dimensional and two-dimensional steady-state and transient flows, for both monodisperse and polydisperse droplets, and it is shown that kernel regression performs well across this variety of cases. A comparison is made against conventional direct trajectory methods to determine the saving in computational expense which can be gained, and it is found that $10^3$ times fewer droplet realisations are needed to reconstruct a qualitatively similar representation of the number density field.
description: 35 pages, 13 figures
Dynamical purification and the emergence of quantum state designs from the projected ensemble
Creators: name: Ippoliti, Matteo
name: Ho, Wen Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum thermalization in a many-body system is defined by the approach of local subsystems towards a universal form, describable as an ensemble of quantum states wherein observables acquire thermal expectation values. Recently, it was demonstrated that the distribution of these quantum states can also exhibit universal statistics, upon associating each state with the outcome of a local projective measurement of the complementary subsystem. Specifically, this collection of pure quantum states -- called the projected ensemble -- can under certain conditions mimic the behavior of a maximally entropic, uniformly random ensemble, i.e., form a {\it quantum state-design}, representing a ``deeper'' form of quantum thermalization. In this work, we investigate the dynamical process underlying this novel emergent universality. Leveraging a space-time duality mapping for one-dimensional quantum circuits, we argue that the physics of dynamical purification, which arises in the context of monitored quantum systems, constrains the the projected ensemble's approach towards the uniform distribution. We prove that absence of dynamical purification in the space-time dual dynamics (a condition realized in dual-unitary quantum circuits with appropriate initial states and final measurement bases) generically yields exact state-designs for all moments $k$ at the same time, extending previous rigorous results [Ho and Choi, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 128}, 060601 (2022)]. Conversely, we show that, departing from these conditions, dynamical purification can lead to a separation of timescales between the formation of a quantum state-design for moment $k=1$ (regular thermalization) and for high moments $k\gg 1$ (deep thermalization). Our results suggest that the projected ensemble can probe nuanced features of quantum dynamics inaccessible to regular thermalization, such as quantum information scrambling.
description: 14+2 pages, 6 figures. v2: added Appendix A on monotonicity of design times, redefined v_p in base 2, added references. v3: 17+9 pages, 7+4 figures. Thoroughly reorganized presentation for clarity, many new figures, new Appendix B+C, credits to Daniel Mark for updated Appendix A
The $L^q$ spectrum of self-affine measures on sponges
Creators: name: Kolossváry, István
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 28A80, 37D35 (Primary), 37C45, 37B10 (Secondary)

description: In this paper a sponge in $\mathbb{R}^d$ is the attractor of an iterated function system consisting of finitely many strictly contracting affine maps whose linear part is a diagonal matrix. A suitable separation condition is introduced under which a variational formula is proved for the $L^q$ spectrum of any self-affine measure defined on a sponge for all $q\in\mathbb{R}$. Apart from some special cases, even the existence of their box dimension was not proved before. Under certain conditions the formula has a closed form which in general is an upper bound. The Frostman and box dimension of these measures is also determined. The approach unifies several existing results and extends them to arbitrary dimensions. The key ingredient is the introduction of a novel pressure function which aims to capture the growth rate of box counting quantities on sponges. We show that this pressure satisfies a variational principle which resembles the Ledrappier--Young formula for Hausdorff dimension.
description: v3: accepted version for JLMS, small changes mainly to exposition, 28 pages, Supersedes arXiv:2102.11049
Towards nonaxisymmetry; initial results using the Flux Coordinate Independent method in BOUT++
Creators: name: Shanahan, Brendan
name: Hill, Peter
name: Dudson, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fluid simulation of stellarator edge transport is difficult due to the complexities of mesh generation; the stochastic edge and strong nonaxisymmetry inhibit the use of field aligned coordinate systems. The recent implementation of the Flux Coordinate Independent method for calculating parallel derivatives in BOUT++ has allowed for more complex geometries. Here we present initial results of nonaxisymmetric diffusion modelling as a step towards stellarator turbulence modelling. We then present initial (non-turbulent) transport modelling using the FCI method and compare the results with analytical calculations. The prospects for future stellarator transport and turbulence modelling are discussed.
Hybrid Transformer with Multi-level Fusion for Multimodal Knowledge Graph Completion
Creators: name: Chen, Xiang
name: Zhang, Ningyu
name: Li, Lei
name: Deng, Shumin
name: Tan, Chuanqi
name: Xu, Changliang
name: Huang, Fei
name: Si, Luo
name: Chen, Huajun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multimodal Knowledge Graphs (MKGs), which organize visual-text factual knowledge, have recently been successfully applied to tasks such as information retrieval, question answering, and recommendation system. Since most MKGs are far from complete, extensive knowledge graph completion studies have been proposed focusing on the multimodal entity, relation extraction and link prediction. However, different tasks and modalities require changes to the model architecture, and not all images/objects are relevant to text input, which hinders the applicability to diverse real-world scenarios. In this paper, we propose a hybrid transformer with multi-level fusion to address those issues. Specifically, we leverage a hybrid transformer architecture with unified input-output for diverse multimodal knowledge graph completion tasks. Moreover, we propose multi-level fusion, which integrates visual and text representation via coarse-grained prefix-guided interaction and fine-grained correlation-aware fusion modules. We conduct extensive experiments to validate that our MKGformer can obtain SOTA performance on four datasets of multimodal link prediction, multimodal RE, and multimodal NER. Code is available in https://github.com/zjunlp/MKGformer.
description: Accepted by SIGIR 2022. Fix a severe bug
How Are Communication Channels on GitHub Presented to Their Intended Audience? -- A Thematic Analysis
Creators: name: Ebert, Verena
name: Graziotin, Daniel
name: Wagner, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Communication is essential in software development, and even more in distributed settings. Communication activities need to be organized and coordinated to defend against the threat of productivity losses, increases in cognitive load, and stress among team members. With a plethora of communication channels that were identified by previous research in open-source projects, there is a need to explore organizational issues in how these communication channels are introduced, explained, and motivated for use among all project members. In this study, we wanted to understand which communication channels are used in GitHub projects and how they are presented to the GitHub project audience. We employed thematic analysis to analyze 151 artifacts in 90 GitHub projects. Our results revealed 32 unique communications channels that can be divided into nine different types. Projects mostly provide channels of different types, but for some types (e.g., chat) it is common to provide several channels. Maintainers are aware that channels have different properties and help the developers to decide which channel should be used in which case. However, this is not true for all projects, and often we have not found any explicit reasons why maintainers chose to provide one channel over another. Different channels can be used for different purposes and have different affordances, so maintainers have to decide wisely which channels they want to provide and make clear which channel should be used in which case. Otherwise, developers might feel overwhelmed of too many channels and information can get fragmented over multiple channels.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for presentation at the International Conference on Evaluation and Assessment in Software Engineering (EASE) 2022
TRUE-Project Review: Impact & Legacy Plan I
Creators: name: Iannetta, Pietro
name: Hawes, Cathy
name: Tran, Fanny
name: Baláza, Bálint
name: Kelemen, Eszter
name: Styles, David
name: Ntatsi, Georgia
name: Savvas, Dimitrios
name: Hamann, Karen
name: Toma, Luiza
name: Shailesh Shrestha
name: Vasconcelos, Marta
name: Gomes, Ana
name: Williams, Michael
name: Debeljak, Marko
name: Trajanov, Aneta
name: Vickers, Roger
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Legume
Transition
Value Network
Food System
Transdisciplinarity
Sustainability

description: This Deliverable describes the Project Legacy Plan (version I) of the TRUE-Project. It formally details how the various products developed from TRUE-Project activities will be manged and coordinated to ensure project impact legacy beyond the funded project term. To improve this aim the bulk of this document present a highly detailed series of vignettes that capture a wide range of perspectives from the exercise of, 'considering legumes in context'. Going forward, the TRUE-Project’s implementation plans will be developed based on these insights. Also, delivered collectively, they are expected to encourage transition from current conventional food- and feed-networks, to those which are legume-based and more sustainable.
A node-wise analysis of the uterine muscle networks for pregnancy monitoring
Creators: name: Nader, N.
name: Hassan, M.
name: Falou, W.
name: Marque, C.
name: Khalil, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 92C55

description: The recent past years have seen a noticeable increase of interest in the correlation analysis of electrohysterographic (EHG) signals in the perspective of improving the pregnancy monitoring. Here we propose a new approach based on the functional connectivity between multichannel (4x4 matrix) EHG signals recorded from the women abdomen. The proposed pipeline includes i) the computation of the statistical couplings between the multichannel EHG signals, ii) the characterization of the connectivity matrices, computed by using the imaginary part of the coherence, based on the graph-theory analysis and iii) the use of these measures for pregnancy monitoring. The method was evaluated on a dataset of EHGs, in order to track the correlation between EHGs collected by each electrode of the matrix (called node-wise analysis) and follow their evolution along weeks before labor. Results showed that the strength of each node significantly increases from pregnancy to labor. Electrodes located on the median vertical axis of the uterus seemed to be the more discriminant. We speculate that the network-based analysis can be a very promising tool to improve pregnancy monitoring.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted in the IEEE EMBC conferance
Tilted Hardy paradoxes for device-independent randomness extraction
Creators: name: Zhao, Shuai
name: Ramanathan, Ravishankar
name: Liu, Yuan
name: Horodecki, Paweł
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The device-independent paradigm has had spectacular successes in randomness generation, key distribution and self-testing, however most of these results have been obtained under the assumption that parties hold trusted and private random seeds. In efforts to relax the assumption of measurement independence, Hardy's non-locality tests have been proposed as ideal candidates. In this paper, we introduce a family of tilted Hardy paradoxes that allow to self-test general pure two-qubit entangled states, as well as certify up to $1$ bit of local randomness. We then use these tilted Hardy tests to obtain an improvement in the generation rate in the state-of-the-art randomness amplification protocols for Santha-Vazirani (SV) sources with arbitrarily limited measurement independence. Our result shows that device-independent randomness amplification is possible for arbitrarily biased SV sources and from almost separable states. Finally, we introduce a family of Hardy tests for maximally entangled states of local dimension $4, 8$ as the potential candidates for DI randomness extraction to certify up to the maximum possible $2 \log d$ bits of global randomness.
description: 16+19 pages, 4+3 figures. Accepted in Quantum
Letter from J. R. Ackerley to John Betjeman, March 11, 1943
Creators: name: Ackerley, J. R. (Joe Randolph), 1896-1967
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Literature, Modern
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1000172
subject: Poets
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067778
subject: Poets, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067870
subject: Authors, English--Correspondence
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821953
subject: Modernism (Literature)
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1024455
subject: Authors
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821688
subject: Betjeman, John, 1906-1984
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1427507
subject: Authors, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821945
subject: Television journalists
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1146949
subject: Ackerley, J. R. (Joe Randolph), 1896-1967
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/12552

description: Part of a collection of letters to John Betjeman from Joe Randolph "J. R." Ackerley (writer and literary editor of the BBC's weekly magazine The Listener, and open homosexual). Ackerley informs Betjeman that "The History of the Parson's Wife" by Margaret Watt is available to review if he is interested.
title: Receiving television messages: An ethnographic study of women in a Nigerian context
Creators: name: Esan, Oluyinka Anuolu
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Mass communication.

description: The study was concerned with the way in which television messages are received. It was an exploration into the actual processes of production and reception of television messages. A detailed description of these processes is presented. There are basically two parts of the study. The introduction explains the rationale for the study. It also describes the research design. Part I begins with a history of the television industry with emphasis on the evolution of the present structure and how this directs the service. It reviews the processes of production and scheduling of television programmes. From this part, we can begin to understand the philosophy, objectives and constraints underlying the messages which the viewers receive. Part II, which is the larger of the two parts, is the report of the observation of viewing parctices in the 12 selected locations. Each location has been treated as a separate case, with a day-by-day report. There are many fascinating and stimulating details in these reports. The discussion which follows is only an overview of the highlights in each location. The concluding chapter - The making of Meaning - presents the findings of the study in a nutshell. It covers the significant contribution which this study purposes to make to the body of knowledge. It highlights the striking images which viewers had taken from the screen, but more importantly, it re-examines the otherwise mundane act of viewing itself. On the whole, the study made a case for i) the appropriate methodology for understanding the role television society ii) raised issues which research should be concerned about, and iii) those which programmers need to be mindful of.
Spin- and valley-polarized transport across line defects in monolayer MoS2
Creators: name: Pulkin, Artem
name: Yazyev, Oleg V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the ballistic transmission of charge carriers across ordered line defects in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides. Our study reveals the presence of a transport gap driven by spin-orbit interactions, spin and valley filtering, both stemming from a simple picture of spin and momentum conservation, as well as the electron-hole asymmetry of charge-carrier transmission. Electronic transport properties of experimentally observed ordered line defects in monolayer MoS$_2$, in particular, the vacancy lines and inversion domain boundaries, are further investigated using first-principles Green's function methodology. Our calculations demonstrate the possibility of achieving nearly complete spin polarization of charge carriers in nanoelectronic devices based on engineered periodic line defects in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides, thus suggesting a practical scheme for all-electric control of spin transport.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Letter from J. R. Ackerley to John Betjeman, August 21, 1945
Creators: name: Ackerley, J. R. (Joe Randolph), 1896-1967
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Literature, Modern
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1000172
subject: Authors
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821688
subject: Television journalists
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1146949
subject: Authors, English--Correspondence
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821953
subject: Poets, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067870
subject: Poets
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067778
subject: Authors, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821945
subject: Ackerley, J. R. (Joe Randolph), 1896-1967
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/12552
subject: Betjeman, John, 1906-1984
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1427507
subject: Dickinson, Patric, 1914-1994
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/47480
subject: Modernism (Literature)
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1024455

description: Part of a collection of letters to John Betjeman from Joe Randolph "J. R." Ackerley (writer and literary editor of the BBC's weekly magazine The Listener, and open homosexual). Ackerley writes to Betjeman about one of his poems. He says that Patric Dickinson (British poet and playwright) borrowed it for broadcasting purposes, but Ackerley asked for it back so he could return it to Betjeman. He asks Betjeman if it was even broadcast.
Effects of compressibility and wetting on the liquid-vapor transition in a confined fluid
Creators: name: Caupin, Frédéric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a fluid is constrained to a fixed, finite volume, the conditions for liquid-vapor equilibrium are different from the infinite volume or constant pressure cases. There is even a range of densities for which no bubble can form, and the liquid at a pressure below the bulk saturated vapor pressure remains indefinitely stable. As fluid density in mineral inclusions is often derived from the temperature of bubble disappearance, a correction for the finite volume effect is required. Previous works explained these phenomena, and proposed a numerical procedure to compute the correction for pure water in a container completely wet by the liquid phase. Here we revisit these works, and provide an analytic formulation valid for any fluid and including the case of partial wetting. We introduce the Berthelot-Laplace length $λ=2γκ/3$, which combines the liquid isothermal compressibility $κ$ and its surface tension $γ$. The quantitative effects are fully captured by a single, non-dimensional parameter: the ratio of $λ$ to the container size.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures
The dopamine circuit as a reward-taxis navigation system.
Creators: name: Karin, Omer
name: Alon, Uri
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Research Article
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Biology and life sciences
subject: Social sciences
subject: FOS: Social sciences

description: Funder: James S. McDonnell Foundation 21st Century Science Initiative Understanding Dynamic
description: Funder: Multi-scale Systems - Postdoctoral Fellowship Award
description: Studying the brain circuits that control behavior is challenging, since in addition to their structural complexity there are continuous feedback interactions between actions and sensed inputs from the environment. It is therefore important to identify mathematical principles that can be used to develop testable hypotheses. In this study, we use ideas and concepts from systems biology to study the dopamine system, which controls learning, motivation, and movement. Using data from neuronal recordings in behavioral experiments, we developed a mathematical model for dopamine responses and the effect of dopamine on movement. We show that the dopamine system shares core functional analogies with bacterial chemotaxis. Just as chemotaxis robustly climbs chemical attractant gradients, the dopamine circuit performs 'reward-taxis' where the attractant is the expected value of reward. The reward-taxis mechanism provides a simple explanation for scale-invariant dopaminergic responses and for matching in free operant settings, and makes testable quantitative predictions. We propose that reward-taxis is a simple and robust navigation strategy that complements other, more goal-directed navigation mechanisms.
Self-Consistent Field Theory studies of the thermodynamics and quantum spin dynamics of magnetic Skyrmions
Creators: name: Wieser, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A self-consistent field theory is introduced and used to investigate the thermodynamics and spin dynamics of an $S = 1$ quantum spin system with a magnetic Skyrmion. The temperature dependence of the Skyrmion profile as well as the phase diagram are calculated. It is shown that the Skyrmion carries a phase transition to the ferromagnetic phase of first order with increasing temperature, while the magnetization of the surrounding ferromagnet undergoes a phase transition of second order when changing to the paramagnetic phase. Furthermore, the electric field driven annihilation process of the Skyrmion is described quantum mechanical by solving the time dependent Schrödinger equation. The results are compared with the trajectories of the semi-classical description of the spin expectation values using a differential equation similar to the classical Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation.
IPBES Data Management Tutorials - Chapter 1: Introduction to IPBES data management Policy
Creators: name: IPBES Task Force On Knowledge And Data
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: IPBES
data management policy

description: The IPBES data management tutorials are short videos to help experts implement the IPBES data and knowledge management Policy. They cover topics ranging from data and knowledge management policy, reports, active research data, tools, and examples. Please note that the IPBES data and knowledge management policy is the second version of the IPBES data management policy. This chapter provides an overview on data management within the IPBES platform, and the series of the tutorials prepared by the task force on knowledge and data that will assist experts with the implementation of the IPBES data management policy. The chapter includes the following sessions: Session 1.1. Welcome remarks (10.5281/zenodo.4018673) Session 1.2. Introduction to IPBES tutorials and training (10.5281/zenodo.4014804) Session 1.3. IPBES and data management (10.5281/zenodo.4018578) Session 1.4. Introduction to the IPBES data management tutorials (10.5281/zenodo.4014814)
description: These tutorials were created in collaboration between the IPBES task force on knowledge and data and the IPBES task force on capacity building. For inquires please contact tsu.data@ipbes.net
description: {"references": ["IPBES (2020): IPBES Data Management Policy ver. 1.0. Task Force on Knowledge and Data, Krug, R.M., Omare, B., and Niamir, A. (eds.) IPBES secretariat, Bonn, Germany. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3551079"]}
Average Evolution and Size-Topology Relations for Coarsening 2d Dry Foams
Creators: name: Chieco, Anthony T.
name: Sethna, James P.
name: Durian, Douglas J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional dry foams coarsen according to the von Neumann law as $dA/dt \propto (n-6)$ where $n$ is the number of sides of a bubble with area $A$. Such foams reach a self-similar scaling state where area and side-number distributions are stationary. Combining self-similarity with the von Neumann law, we derive time derivatives of moments of the bubble area distribution and a relation connecting area moments with averages of the side-number distribution that are weighted by powers of bubble area. To test these predictions, we collect and analyze high precision image data for a large number of bubbles squashed between parallel acrylic plates and allowed to coarsen into the self-similar scaling state. We find good agreement for moments ranging from two to twenty.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Letter from J. R. Ackerley to John Betjeman, January 21, 1941
Creators: name: Ackerley, J. R. (Joe Randolph), 1896-1967
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Poets
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067778
subject: Betjeman, John, 1906-1984
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1427507
subject: Authors, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821945
subject: Authors, English--Correspondence
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821953
subject: Literature, Modern
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1000172
subject: Television journalists
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1146949
subject: Authors
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821688
subject: Poets, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067870
subject: Ackerley, J. R. (Joe Randolph), 1896-1967
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/12552
subject: Modernism (Literature)
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1024455

description: Part of a collection of letters to John Betjeman from Joe Randolph "J. R." Ackerley (writer and literary editor of the BBC's weekly magazine The Listener, and open homosexual). Ackerley tells Betjeman that he will keep an eye out for what he is looking for as a lot has been moved to Avenue Road. He also asks Betjeman if he would be interested in writing a small review for a book. Verso side appears to show measurements of three different people.
Ground state oxygen holes and the metal-insulator transition in the negative charge transfer rare-earth nickelates
Creators: name: Bisogni, Valentina
name: Catalano, Sara
name: Green, Robert J.
name: Gibert, Marta
name: Scherwitzl, Raoul
name: Huang, Yaobo
name: Strocov, Vladimir N.
name: Zubko, Pavlo
name: Balandeh, Shadi
name: Triscone, Jean-Marc
name: Sawatzky, George
name: Schmitt, Thorsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The metal-insulator transitions and the intriguing physical properties of rare-earth perovskite nickelates have attracted considerable attention in recent years. Nonetheless, a complete understanding of these materials remains elusive. Here, taking a NdNiO3 thin film as a representative example, we utilize a combination of x-ray absorption and resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) spectroscopies to resolve important aspects of the complex electronic structure of the rare-earth nickelates. The unusual coexistence of bound and continuum excitations observed in the RIXS spectra provides strong evidence for the abundance of oxygen 2p holes in the ground state of these materials. Using cluster calculations and Anderson impurity model interpretation, we show that these distinct spectral signatures arise from a Ni 3d8 configuration along with holes in the oxygen 2p valence band, confirming suggestions that these materials do not obey a conventional positive charge-transfer picture, but instead exhibit a negative charge-transfer energy, in line with recent models interpreting the metal to insulator transition in terms of bond disproportionation.
description: 27 pages, 6 figures
The OmegaWhite Survey for short period variable stars II: An overview of results from the first four years
Creators: name: Toma, Ruxandra
name: Ramsay, Gavin
name: MacFarlane, Sally
name: Groot, Paul
name: Woudt, Patrick
name: Dhillon, Vik
name: Jeffery, C. Simon
name: Marsh, Tom
name: Nelemans, Gijs
name: Steeghs, Danny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: OmegaWhite is a wide-field, high cadence, synoptic survey targeting fields in the southern Galactic plane, with the aim of discovering short period variable stars. Our strategy is to take a series of 39 s exposures in the g band of a 1 square degree of sky lasting 2 h using the OmegaCAM wide field imager on the VLT Survey Telescope (VST). We give an overview of the initial 4 years of data which covers 134 square degrees and includes 12.3 million light curves. As the fields overlap with the VLT Survey Telescope Halpha Photometric Survey of the Galactic plane and Bulge (VPHAS+), we currently have $ugriHα$ photometry for ~1/3 of our fields. We find that a significant fraction of the light curves have been affected by the diffraction spikes of bright stars sweeping across stars within a few dozen of pixels over the two hour observing time interval due to the alt-az nature of the VST. We select candidate variable stars using a variety of variability statistics, followed by a manual verification stage. We present samples of several classes of short period variables, including: an ultra compact binary, a DQ white dwarf, a compact object with evidence of a 100 min rotation period, three CVs, one eclipsing binary with an 85 min period, a symbiotic binary which shows evidence of a 31 min photometric period, and a large sample of candidate delta Sct type stars including one with a 9.3 min period. Our overall goal is to cover 400 square degrees, and this study indicates we will find many more interesting short period variable stars as a result.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Figures 5 and A1 have been compressed to lower resolution. Full resolution images will be published in MNRAS and also here http://star.arm.ac.uk/~rto/MNRAS-Toma-OW-accepted.pdf
Improve Typhoid Diagnostics through AI
Creators: name: JAFSIA, Elisee
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Typhoid, Machine Learning, RST, CNN

description: Typhoid fever is one of the severe infectious human diseases in Africa. Out of an estimated 11–21 million cases of typhoid fever and 200,000 deaths occur worldwide each year. Other elements contribute to this situation and particularly in rural areas where patients to doctors ratio is very low, lack of medical facilities and costly tests. There are a number of tests available presently, from molecular to immunological and biochemical to microbiological. However, Users are unsatisfied due to delays in getting test results and Imprecise diagnosis. Misdiagnosis is usually experienced since most health care facilities use only Widal test without confirmation of results with a second test method. In addition, the diagnosis of Typhoid involves several levels of uncertainties. Patients cannot tell exactly how they feel, doctors and nurses cannot tell exactly what they observe. There is therefore, an urgent need to develop a rapid, highly sensitive and cheap diagnostic tool for diagnosis of typhoid fever. The absence of a reliable diagnosis pushes rural populations towards self-medication with all the consequences that this entails, in particular drug poisoning which can lead to death. As such, we want to develop a new method to diagnose Typhoid early, quickly, and with accurate results at a low cost. We propose a hybrid diagnosis method with a Deep Learning algorithm applied on blood serum images which seems to be the best accepted test by laboratory technicians. We use CNNs as algorithms on the collected images to train the algorithm. We use a second algorithm Rough Set Theory. This algorithm based on symptoms variables which are structured data collected from medical doctors allow us not only to confirm the diagnosis but above all to determine the level of severity of the disease and serve as a Decision Support System. The two algorithms will be part of a mobile app connected to an optical microscope, the phone camera will scan images from the slides on the microscope and classify them into Normal or Infected. In a series of rapid spotlights, we present tools and frameworks that serve as cornerstones for the envisioned diagnostics system including: 1) Values, influences and forces that shape the diagnostics 2) AI solutions to be used; 3) Data sources 4) Ethics and governance model.
Strumenti e pratiche per l'open science: l'open peer review tra opportunità e (qualche) perplessità
Creators: name: Cassella, Maria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Open peer review
Open science
Scholarly communication

description: L’intervento si propone di offrire una prima riflessione sulle pratiche dell’open peer review, un termine cappello che racchiude diverse modalità alternative di revisione “aperta” tra pari. Ford (2013), ad esempio ne cita otto, mentre Hellauer (2016) ne individua sette diverse tipologie. L’open peer review migliora il processo di revisione rendendolo più aperto e trasparente. Il contributo cerca, tuttavia, di rispondere a due temi cruciali per il futuro dell’open peer review: 1. come raccogliere una massa critica di contributi che siano scientificamente rilevanti; 2. se l’open peer review possa dirsi qualitativamente superiore al sistema di revisione più tradizionale (single blind o double blind che sia). Rispetto al primo dilemma l’autore propone come forma ottimale di open peer review non quella dell’open crowd review (open participation) che può essere utilizzata post-pubblicazione per raccogliere eventuali commenti e suggerimenti ma quella basata sull’invito a partecipare al dibattito rivolto ad una cerchia selezionata di revisori. Le diverse forme di opr non sono, infatti, neutrali rispetto alle comunità, ai gruppi di ricerca alle tipologie (monografia o articolo) e alle modalità di pubblicazione (piattaforma o rivista). Rispetto al secondo dilemma alcuni studi dimostrano la superiore valenza qualitativa dell’opr: Bormann (2011), Herron (2012) e Maria K. Kowalczuk, et al. (2015).
Turán numbers $T(n,5,3)$ and graphs without induced $5$-cycles
Creators: name: Bluskov, Iliya
name: de Heer, Jan
name: Sidorenko, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05B07, 05C15, 05C65

description: Turán number $T(n,5,3)$ is the minimum size of a system of triples out of a base set $X$ of $n$ elements such that every quintuple in $X$ contains a triple from the system. The exact values of $T(n,5,3)$ are known for $n \leq 17$. Turán conjectured that $T(2m,5,3) = 2\binom{m}{3}$, and no counterexamples have been found so far. If this conjecture is true, then $T(2m+1,5,3) \geq \lceil m(m-2)(2m+1)/6\rceil$. We prove the matching upper bound for all $n = 2m+1 > 17$ except $n=27$.
Characterizations of symplectic polar spaces
Creators: name: Cardinali, Ilaria
name: Cuypers, Hans
name: Giuzzi, Luca
name: Pasini, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 51A50, 51b25, 51e24

description: A polar space S is said to be symplectic if it admits an embedding e in a projective geometry PG(V) such that the e-image e(S) of S is defined by an alternating form of V. In this paper we characterize symplectic polar spaces in terms of their incidence properties, with no mention of peculiar properties of their embeddings. This is relevant especially when S admits different (non isomorphic) embeddings, as it is the case (precisely) when S is defined over a field of characteristic 2.
description: 20 pages/extensively revised
Letter from J. R. Ackerley to John Betjeman, July 30, 1941
Creators: name: Ackerley, J. R. (Joe Randolph), 1896-1967
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Literature, Modern
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1000172
subject: Poets
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067778
subject: Ackerley, J. R. (Joe Randolph), 1896-1967
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/12552
subject: Authors
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821688
subject: Authors, English--Correspondence
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821953
subject: Authors, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821945
subject: Modernism (Literature)
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1024455
subject: Poets, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067870
subject: Television journalists
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1146949
subject: Betjeman, John, 1906-1984
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1427507

description: Part of a collection of letters to John Betjeman from Joe Randolph "J. R." Ackerley (writer and literary editor of the BBC's weekly magazine The Listener, and open homosexual). Ackerley tells Betjeman that he is interested in more of his friend's work.
Effects of auxin and explant types on seed germination and callus induction in Sang yod muang phatthalung rice
Creators: name: Paramaporn Noimusik, Sompong Te-Chato
Publisher: name: Faculty of Agriculture
Year: 2020
Subjects: Sang Yod Muang Phatthalung rice, seed germination, callus induction

description: Khon Kaen Agriculture Journal, 48, 3, 585-596
Towers of regular self-covers and linear endomorphisms of tori
Creators: name: Van Limbeek, Wouter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $M$ be a closed manifold that admits a self-cover $p:M \to M$ of degree >1. We say p is strongly regular if all its iterates are regular covers. In this case, we establish an algebraic structure theorem for the fundamental group of $M$: We prove that $π_1(M)$ surjects onto a nontrivial free abelian group $A$, and the self-cover is induced by a linear endomorphism of $A$. Under further hypotheses we show that a finite cover of $M$ admits the structure of a principal torus bundle. We show that this applies when $M$ is Kähler and $p$ is a strongly regular, holomorphic self-cover, and prove that a finite cover splits as a product with a torus factor.
description: 28 pages