cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background from Non-Uniform Reionization
Creators: name: Liu, Guo-Chin
name: Sugiyama, Naoshi
name: Benson, Andrew J.
name: Lacey, C. G.
name: Nusser, Adi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the signal in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) polarization anisotropy resulting from patchy reionization. It is well known that the primordial polarization of the CMB is very sensitive to the details of reionization. Combining a semi-analytic model of galaxy formation, in which the optical depth to the reionization epoch is in the range 0.014 to 0.048, with a high resolution N-body simulation we find that reionization generates a peak with amplitude 0.05~0.15 μK at large angular scales. The position of this peak reveals the size of the horizon at reionization, whilst its amplitude is a measure of the optical depth to reionization. On small scales, ionized patches prior to full reionization create a second order polarization signal due to the coupling of the free electron density fluctuation with the quadrupole moment of the temperature anisotropy. Careful study reveals that the coupling generates the same power spectra for electric and magnetic modes, whose amplitudes of polarization anisotropies from this process are predicted to be ~10nK. The amplitude depends strongly on the total baryon density $Ω_b$ and on the spatial correlations of the free electron density in the ionized regions, and weakly on the fraction of ionizing photons able to escape their source galaxy, $f_{esc}$. The first- and second-order signals are therefore sensitive to the details of how the reionization occurred. Detection of these signals will place important constraints on the reionization history of the Universe.
description: Final version, accepted by ApJ
Short-range spin correlations and induced local spin-singlet amplitude in the Hubbard model
Creators: name: Kyung, Bumsoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, from the microscopic Hubbard Hamiltonian we extract the local spin-singlet amplitude due to short-range spin correlations, and quantify its strength near half-filling. As a first application of the present approach, we study a problem of the energy dispersion and its d-wave modulation in the insulating cuprates, Sr$_{2}$CuO$_{2}$Cl$_{2}$ and Ca$_{2}$CuO$_{2}$Cl$_{2}$. Without any adjustable parameters, most puzzling issues are naturally and quantitatively explained within the present approach.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Lattice Density-Functional Theory for Quantum Chemistry
Creators: name: Coe, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a lattice density-functional theory for {\it ab initio} quantum chemistry or physics as a route to an efficient approach that approximates the full configuration interaction energy and orbital occupations for molecules with strongly-correlated electrons. We build on lattice density-functional theory for the Hubbard model by deriving Kohn-Sham equations for a reduced then full quantum chemistry Hamiltonian, and demonstrate the method on the potential energy curves for the challenging problem of modelling elongating bonds in a linear chain of six hydrogen atoms. Here the accuracy of the Bethe-ansatz local-density approximation is tested for this quantum chemistry system and we find that, despite this approximate functional being designed for the Hubbard model, the shapes of the potential curves generally agree with the full configuration interaction results. Although there is a discrepancy for very stretched bonds, this is lower than when using standard density-functional theory with the local-density approximation.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Philanthropy – The North East Story
Creators: name: Harvey, Charles
name: Maclean, Mairi
name: Price, Michael
name: Harizanova, Vesela
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 150304 Entrepreneurship
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: History
subject: 160805 Social Change
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 140203 Economic History

description: Our paper surveys the history of philanthropy in the North East of England over a period of more than 900 years, from the time the North East was brought under Norman control (thirty years or so after the Conquest of 1066) down to the present. Our purpose is to paint a broad picture of the role philanthropy has played in the region across the ages, and in doing so to draw significant lessons for the present. This paper provides an overview of our research and outlines of the four philanthropic eras we cover: Middle Ages, Early Modern, Modern and Contemporary. We reflect on the differing intentions and solutions of philanthropy in each of these eras which help in understanding philanthropy in the context of economics, politics, beliefs, values and social practices. Finally we conclude by presenting a summary of our research in the form of what we consider to be the ten most significant findings which have emerged. We reach the overriding conclusion that the North East would be significantly poorer place today; less vibrant and less healthy, without initiatives taken and sustained by philanthropists over many centuries, which will benefit generations to come.
Eusarima koshunensis Gnezdilov 2013, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Gnezdilov, Vladimir M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Issidae
Eusarima
Eusarima koshunensis

description: Eusarima koshunensis (Matsumura, 1916) comb. nov.
(Figs 1–2)
 Sarima koshunense Matsumura, 1916: 113.
 Type locality. Southern Taiwan (Koshun).
 Type material examined. PARALECTOTYPE (MCHU): 1 ♀, “ Formosa Matsumura (printed) / 6 VII 1906 Koshun (underside, handwritten)”, “Type Matsumura (printed) / Koshunensis (underside, handwritten)”, “Type Matsumura” (red, printed), “ Paralectotype, Sarima koshunensis Mats., desig.A. P. Liang & M. Suwa 1997” (yellow, printed).
 Note. In the pattern of face coloration E. koshunensis is very similar to Eusarima contorta Yang, 1994 (CHAN & YANG 1994, Fig. 45).
description: Published as part of Gnezdilov, Vladimir M., 2013, New synonyms and combinations for the planthopper genus Eusarima (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Issidae), pp. 485-492 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 53 (2) on page 486, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5739625
Why neural functionals suit statistical mechanics
Creators: name: Sammüller, Florian
name: Hermann, Sophie
name: Schmidt, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe recent progress in the statistical mechanical description of many-body systems via machine learning combined with concepts from density functional theory and many-body simulations. We argue that the neural functional theory by Sammüller et al. [Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 120, e2312484120 (2023)] gives a functional representation of direct correlations and of thermodynamics that allows for thorough quality control and consistency checking of the involved methods of artificial intelligence. Addressing a prototypical system we here present a pedagogical application to hard core particle in one spatial dimension, where Percus' exact solution for the free energy functional provides an unambiguous reference. A corresponding standalone numerical tutorial that demonstrates the neural functional concepts together with the underlying fundamentals of Monte Carlo simulations, classical density functional theory, machine learning, and differential programming is available online at https://github.com/sfalmo/NeuralDFT-Tutorial.
description: 25 pages, 7 figures, 170 references; for associated online tutorial, see: https://github.com/sfalmo/NeuralDFT-Tutorial
ВИДЫ И ФУНКЦИИ ТЕКСТОВОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ В ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОМ ПРОЦЕССЕ
Creators: name: Холдорова Кизлархон, магистрант  Наманганского государственного педагогического института
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Статья посвящена рассмотрению сущности текстовой деятельности в образовательном процессе. Выделяются три основных вида текстовой деятельности: текстовоспринимающая, интерпретационная и текстообразующая. Особое внимание уделяется процессу восприятия текста как многоуровневому иерархическому механизму переработки информации, переходящему от сенсорного восприятия к понятийному осмыслению. Описывается модель восприятия текста, отражающая основные этапы когнитивной работы реципиента с речевым материалом. Подчёркивается, что успешное формирование навыков текстовой деятельности требует комплексного подхода, сочетающего развитие восприятия, интерпретации и самостоятельного создания текстов.

Ключевые слова: речь, текст, восприятие, коммуникация, обучение, интерпретация, русский язык, информация
Guided patch-wise nonlocal SAR despeckling
Creators: name: Vitale, Sergio
name: Cozzolino, Davide
name: Scarpa, Giuseppe
name: Verdoliva, Luisa
name: Poggi, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a new method for SAR image despeckling which leverages information drawn from co-registered optical imagery. Filtering is performed by plain patch-wise nonlocal means, operating exclusively on SAR data. However, the filtering weights are computed by taking into account also the optical guide, which is much cleaner than the SAR data, and hence more discriminative. To avoid injecting optical-domain information into the filtered image, a SAR-domain statistical test is preliminarily performed to reject right away any risky predictor. Experiments on two SAR-optical datasets prove the proposed method to suppress very effectively the speckle, preserving structural details, and without introducing visible filtering artifacts. Overall, the proposed method compares favourably with all state-of-the-art despeckling filters, and also with our own previous optical-guided filter.
Eusarima rinkihonis Gnezdilov 2013, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Gnezdilov, Vladimir M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Issidae
Eusarima
Eusarima rinkihonis

description: Eusarima rinkihonis (Matsumura, 1916) comb. nov.
 Sarima rinkihonis Matsumura, 1916: 114.
 Eusarima delira Yang, 1994: 113 (in CHAN & YANG 1994), syn. nov.
 Type locality. Taiwan (Rinkiho).
 Type material examined. PARALECTOTYPE (MCHU): 1 J, “ Formosa Matsumura (printed) / Rinkiho (underside, in Japanese), 26/IV 07 (handwritten)”, “Type Matsumura (printed) / Sarima n. rinkihonis (underside, handwritten)”, “–type (printed), Sarima rinkihonis Matsumura (handwritten)” (red), “ Paralectotype, Sarima rinkihonis Mats., desig. A. P. Liang & M. Suwa 1997” (yellow, printed).
 Note. The pattern of face coloration as well as the structure of male genitalia of the dissected paralectotype of S. rinkihonis were compared with the drawings of the face and the male genitalia of E. delira in CHAN & YANG (1994, Fig. 47). Both taxa were found conspecific.
description: Published as part of Gnezdilov, Vladimir M., 2013, New synonyms and combinations for the planthopper genus Eusarima (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Issidae), pp. 485-492 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 53 (2) on page 489, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5739625
Neutron Scattering Study of Temperature-Concentration Phase Diagram of (Cu1-xMgx)GeO3
Creators: name: Nakao, H.
name: Nishi, M.
name: Fujii, Y.
name: Masuda, T.
name: Tsukada, I.
name: Uchinokura, K.
name: Hirota, K.
name: Shirane, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In doped CuGeO3 systems, such as (Cu1-xZnx)GeO3 and Cu(Ge1-xSix)O3, the spin-Peierls (SP) ordering (Txc. They thus concluded that there is a compositional phase boundary between two distinct magnetic phases. To clarify the nature of two phases, we performed neutron-scattering measurements on (Cu1-xMgx)GeO3 single crystals with various x. Analysis of the data at fixed temperature points as a function of doping concentration has revealed sudden changes of order parameters at the critical concentration xc=0.027 +- 0.001. At finite temperatures below TN, the drastic increase of the AF moment takes place at xc. The spin-Peierls order parameter delta associated with lattice dimerization shows a precipitous decrease at all temperature below Tsp. However, it goes to zero above xc only at the low temperature limit.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
Study of High-Transverse-Momentum Higgs Boson Production in Association with a Vector Boson in the $qqbb$ Final State with the ATLAS Detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This Letter presents the first study of Higgs boson production in association with a vector boson (V = W or Z) in the fully hadronic $qqbb$ final state using data recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb$^{-1}$. The vector bosons and Higgs bosons are each reconstructed as large-radius jets and tagged using jet substructure techniques. Dedicated tagging algorithms exploiting $b$-tagging properties are used to identify jets consistent with Higgs bosons decaying into $b\bar{b}$. Dominant backgrounds from multijet production are determined directly from the data, and a likelihood fit to the jet mass distribution of Higgs boson candidates is used to extract the number of signal events. The VH production cross section is measured inclusively and differentially in several ranges of Higgs boson transverse momentum: 250-450, 450-650, and greater than 650 GeV. The inclusive signal yield relative to the standard model expectation is observed to be $μ= 1.4 ^{+1.0}_{-0.9}$ and the corresponding cross section is $3.1 \pm 1.3\, (stat.)\: ^{+1.8}_{-1.4}\, (syst.$) pb.
description: 34 pages in total, author list starting page 17, 3 figures, 2 tables, published in Physical Review Letters. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HIGG-2021-11
Conductances in normal and normal-superconductor structures
Creators: name: Sols, F.
name: Sánchez-Cañizares, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically electronic transport through a normal metal-- superconductor (NS) interface and show that more than one conductance may be defined, depending on the pair of chemical potentials whose difference one chooses to relate linearly to the current. We argue that the situation is analogous to that found for purely normal transport, where different conductance formulae can be invoked. We revisit the problem of the "right" conductance formula in a simple language, and analyze its extension to the case of mesoscopic superconductivity. The well-known result that the standard conductance of a NS interface becomes 2 (in units of $2e^2/h$) in the transmissive limit, is viewed here in a different light. We show that it is not directly related to the presence of Andreev reflection, but rather to a particular choice of chemical potentials. This value of 2 is measurable because only one single-contact resistance is involved in a typical experimental setup, in contrast with the purely normal case, where two of them intervene. We introduce an alternative NS conductance that diverges in the transmissive limit due to the inability of Andreev reflection to generate a voltage drop. We illustrate numerically how different choices of chemical potential can yield widely differing I--V curves for a given NS interface.
description: Minor changes have been introduced and several references have been added, 12 pages, submitted to special issue of ``Superlattices and Microstructures"
Dynamical analysis of coupled curvature-matter scenario in viable $f(R)$ dark energy models at de Sitter phase
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Anirban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the interaction between dark matter and curvature-driven dark energy within viable $f(R)$ gravity models, employing the phase-space analysis approach of linear stability theory. By incorporating an interacting term, denoted as $\mathcal{Q}=αH \tildeρ_{\rm m}\left(\frac{κ^2 }{3H^2}ρ_{\rm curv} + 1 \right)$, into the continuity equations of both sectors, we examine dynamics of two $f(R)$ gravity models that adhere to local gravity constraints and fulfill cosmological viability criteria. In de Sitter phase, our investigation reveals modifications of critical points compared to the conventional form, attributed to the introduced interaction. Through a comprehensive phase-space analysis, we illustrate the trajectories near critical points and outline the constraints on the phase space based on cosmological and cosmographic parameters. Furthermore, we can also observe stable behavior of this interacting system during the de Sitter phase of the universe.
description: 18 pages, 2 tables and 6 figures. This version is accepted for publication in Classical and Quantum Gravity
Centralized Processing of Fresh Meat for Retail Stores
Creators: name: Volz, Marvin D.
name: Marsden, James A.
name: Volz, Marvin D.
name: Marsden, James A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1963
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Production Economics
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Excerpts from the report: The meat department sales of retail food stores represented about one-fourth of the total annual food store sales of $54 billion in 1961. Handling costs in the meat department are more than 1/4 of total store expenses because of the extra refrigerated equipment, supplies, and labor required. At present, most supermarket companies are processing fresh meat at each individual store into retail cuts that are weighed, priced, and packaged, ready for sale from self-service refrigerated display cases. Starting in 1959, studies were made of firms in this country which were packaging and distributing retail cuts of fresh meat from central processing plants. Preliminary research shows that costs of central packaging of fresh meat can be reduced materially by better utilization of labor and by the use of more efficient machinery, equipment, and layout of processing lines. USDA researchers designed and installed improved operational procedures, inventory control systems, scheduling systems, and layouts in three central plants. Standard industrial engineering procedures and marketing research techniques were employed to develop and project operational systems which can be used in the design and operation of larger volume central meat plants. The objective of this report is to aid the food industry in evaluating central fresh meat processing operations, and to provide fundamental guidelines for those who plan to build such central plants.
Eusarima satsumana Gnezdilov 2013, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Gnezdilov, Vladimir M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Issidae
Eusarima
Eusarima satsumana

description: Eusarima satsumana (Matsumura, 1916) comb. nov.
(Figs 3–4)
 Sarima satsumanum Matsumura, 1916: 111.
 Type locality. Japan, southern Kyushu (Kiushiu).
 Type material examined. LECTOTYPE (MCHU): one adult specimen with abdominal segments missing, mounted together with two nymphs on the same piece of plastic, “ Kagoshima (in Japanese) 7/10” (handwritten), “Type Matsumura (printed) / satsumae (underside, handwritten)”, “Type Matsumura” (red, printed), “ Lectotype #, Sarima satsumana Mats., desig. A. P. Liang & M. Suwa 1997” (red, printed).
description: Published as part of Gnezdilov, Vladimir M., 2013, New synonyms and combinations for the planthopper genus Eusarima (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Issidae), pp. 485-492 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 53 (2) on page 489, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5739625
A non-linear minimization calculation of the renormalized frequency $\tildeω$ in dirty d-wave superconductors
Creators: name: Contreras, P.
name: Moreno, Juan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: cond-mat.supr-con - Superconductivity

description: This work performs a comparative numerical study of the impurity average self-frequency $\tildeω$ in an unconventional superconducting alloy with non-magnetic impurities. Two methods are used: the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm as a non-linear minimization problem, and a fixed-point iteration procedure. The unconventional superconducting renormalized by impurities \bw is a self-consistent complex non-linear equation with two varying parameters: the impurity concentration $Γ^+$ and the strength of the impurities c, for which its numerical solution is a computational challenge. Throughout this study $\tildeω$ is the renormalized frequency, \bg represents the inverse of the residual average lifetime $τ$ at zero frequency, and $N/N_0$ is the normalized superconducting density of states (DOS). This study uses an order parameter that corresponds to the high-temperature superconducting ceramics (HTS) with a well-established gap symmetry. The results reveal the computational efficiency of the non-linear minimization technique by improving the calculations of the $\tildeω$ computation when using a 2D parameter space ($Γ^+$, c), particularly in the unitary regime, where the imaginary part of $\tildeω$ is a complicated expression of those parameters; this allows to enhance the study of the universal behavior of this particular quantum mechanical state.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, several typos added to this version
Luminosity and mass function of galactic open clusters: I. NGC 4815
Creators: name: Prisinzano, L.
name: Carraro, G.
name: Piotto, G.
name: Seleznev, A.
name: Stetson, P. B.
name: Saviane, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present deep V and I photometry for the open cluster NGC 4815 and four surrounding Galactic fields down to a limiting magnitude $V\sim25$. These data are used to study cluster spatial extension by means of star counts, and to derive the luminosity (LF) and mass function (MF). The radius turns out to be $3.6\pm0.3 arcmin$ at V=19.0 level, whereas the mass amounts at $880\pm230 m_{\odot}$ down to V=20.8. From the color-magnitude diagram, we obtain the LFs in the V and I bands, using both the standard histogram and an adaptive kernel. After correction for incompleteness and field star contamination, the LFs have been transformed into the present day mass functions (PDMF). The PDMFs from the V and I photometry can be represented as a power-law with a slope $α= 3.1\pm0.3$ and $α= 2.9\pm0.3$ (the \cite{salp55} MF in this notation has a slope $α= 2.35$) respectively, in the mass range $2.5 \leq \frac{m}{m_{\odot}} \leq 0.8$. Below this mass, the MF cannot be considered as representative of the cluster IMF, as it is the result of the combined effect of strong irregularities in the stellar background, probable internal dynamical evolution of the cluster and/or interaction of the cluster with the dense Galactic field. Unresolved binaries and mass segregation can only flatten the apparent derived IMF, so we expect that the real IMF must be steeper than the quoted slope by an unknown amount.
description: 12 pages, 10 eps figures, in press in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Conformal boundary conditions for a 4d scalar field
Creators: name: Di Pietro, Lorenzo
name: Lauria, Edoardo
name: Niro, Pierluigi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct unitary, stable, and interacting conformal boundary conditions for a free massless scalar in four dimensions by coupling it to edge modes living on a boundary. The boundary theories we consider are bosonic and fermionic QED$_3$ with $N_f$ flavors and a Chern-Simons term at level $k$, in the large-$N_f$ limit with fixed $k/N_f$. We find that interacting boundary conditions only exist when $k\neq 0$. To obtain this result we compute the $β$ functions of the classically marginal couplings at the first non-vanishing order in the large-$N_f$ expansion, and to all orders in $k/N_f$ and in the couplings. To check vacuum stability we also compute the large-$N_f$ effective potential. We compare our results with the the known conformal bootstrap bounds.
description: 33 pages, 14 figures. v2: minor modifications, comments and references added
Towards a compact representation of temporal rasters
Creators: name: Cerdeira-Pena, Ana
name: de Bernardo, Guillermo
name: Fariña, Antonio
name: Parama, Jose R.
name: Silva-Coira, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Big research efforts have been devoted to efficiently manage spatio-temporal data. However, most works focused on vectorial data, and much less, on raster data. This work presents a new representation for raster data that evolve along time named Temporal k^2 raster. It faces the two main issues that arise when dealing with spatio-temporal data: the space consumption and the query response times. It extends a compact data structure for raster data in order to manage time and thus, it is possible to query it directly in compressed form, instead of the classical approach that requires a complete decompression before any manipulation. In addition, in the same compressed space, the new data structure includes two indexes: a spatial index and an index on the values of the cells, thus becoming a self-index for raster data.
description: This research has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions H2020-MSCA-RISE-2015 BIRDS GA No. 690941. Published in SPIRE 2018
Timing Properties of Shocked Accretion Flows around Neutron Stars in Presence of Cooling
Creators: name: Bhattacharjee, Ayan
name: Chakrabarti, Sandip K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We carry out the first robust numerical simulation of accretion flows on a weakly magnetized neutron star using Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH). We follow the Two-Component Advective Flow (TCAF) paradigm for black holes, and focus only on the advective component for the case of a neutron star. This low viscosity sub-Keplerian flow will create a normal boundary layer (or, NBOL) right on the star surface in addition to the centrifugal pressure supported boundary layer (or, CENBOL) present in a black hole accretion. These density jumps could give rise to standing or oscillating shock fronts. During a hard spectral state, the incoming flow has a negligible viscosity causing more sub-Keplerian component as compared to the Keplerian disc component. We show that our simulation of flows with a cooling and a negligible viscosity produces precisely two shocks and strong supersonic winds from these boundary layers. We find that the specific angular momentum of matter dictates the locations and the nature of oscillations of these shocks. For low angular momentum flows, the radial oscillation appears to be preferred. For flows with higher angular momentum, the vertical oscillation appears to become dominant. In all the cases, asymmetries w.r.t. the Z=0 plane are seen and instabilities set in due to the interaction of inflow and outgoing strong winds. Our results capture both the low and high-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations without invoking magnetic fields or any precession mechanism. Most importantly, these solutions directly corroborate observed features of wind dominated high-mass X-ray binaries, such as Cir X-1.
description: 13 pages (two-column), 4 figures (16 files), 1 table. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal on February 13, 2019
Effect of ultrasonic treatment on total phenolic extraction from Lavandula pubescens and its application in palm olein oil industry
Creators: name: Rashed, Marwan M. A.
name: Qunyi Tong
name: Mandour H.Abdelhai
name: A.A.Gasmalla, Mohammed
name: B.Ndayishimiy, Jean
name: LONG CHENG
name: Ren, Fei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 90801 Food Chemistry and Molecular Gastronomy (excl. Wine)
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 90802 Food Engineering
subject: 90805 Food Processing
subject: 90899 Food Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 90804 Food Packaging, Preservation and Safety
subject: 90803 Food Nutritional Balance
subject: 30501 Free Radical Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 100303 Fermentation
subject: FOS: Industrial biotechnology
subject: 100703 Nanobiotechnology
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology
subject: 100799 Nanotechnology not elsewhere classified
subject: 70305 Crop and Pasture Improvement (Selection and Breeding)
subject: FOS: Agriculture, forestry and fisheries

description: The aims of the current study were to evaluate the best technique for total phenolic extraction from Lavandula pubescens (Lp) and its application in vegetable oil industries as alternatives of synthetic food additives (TBHQ and BHT). To achieve these aims, three techniques of extraction were used: ultrasonic-microwave (40 kHz, 50 W, microwave power 480 W, 5 min), ultrasonic-homogenizer (20 kHz, 150 W, 5 min) and conventional maceration as a control. By using the Folin–Ciocalteu method, the total phenolic contents (TPC) (mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry matter) were found to be 253.87, 216.96 and 203.41 for ultrasonic-microwave extract, ultrasonic-homogenizer extract and maceration extract, respectively. The ultrasonic-microwave extract achieved the higher scavenger effect of DPPH (90.53%) with EC50 (19.54 μg/mL), and higher inhibition of β-carotene/linoleate emulsion deterioration (94.44%) with IC50 (30.62 μg/mL). The activity of the ultrasonic-microwave treatment could prolong the induction period (18.82 h) and oxidative stability index (1.67) of fresh refined, bleached and deodorized palm olein oil (RBDPOo) according to Rancimat assay. There was an important synergist effect between citric acid and Lp extracts in improving the oxidative stability of fresh RBDPOo. The results of this work also showed that the ultrasonic-microwave assisted extract was the most effective against Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains that were assessed in this study. The uses of ultrasonic-microwave could induce the acoustic cavitation and rupture of plant cells, and this facilitates the flow of solvent into the plant cells and enhances the desorption from the matrix of solid samples, and thus would enhance the efficiency of extraction based on cavitation phenomenon.
Asymptotic safety in the Litim-Sannino model at four loops
Creators: name: Bednyakov, A. V.
name: Mukhaeva, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a four-dimensional $SU(N_c)$ gauge theory coupled to $N_f$ species of color fermions and $N_f^2$ colorless scalars. The quantum field theory possesses a weakly interacting ultraviolet fixed point that we determine from beta functions computed up to four-loop order in the gauge coupling, and up to three-loop order in the Yukawa and quartic scalar couplings. The fixed point has one relevant direction giving rise to asymptotic safety. We compute fixed point values of dimensionless couplings together with the corresponding scaling exponents up to the first three nontrivial orders in Veneziano parameter $ε$, both for infinite and finite number of colors $N_c$. We also consider anomalous dimensions for fields, scalar mass squared, and a class of dimension-three operators. Contrary to previous studies, we take into account possible mixing of the latter and compute eigenvalues of the corresponding matrix. Further, we investigate the size of the conformal window in the Veneziano limit and its dependence on $N_c$.
description: 26 pages, 8 figures, misprints corrected, results in ancillary files, corresponds to published version
Controlled charge and spin current rectifications in a spin polarized device
Creators: name: Patra, Moumita
name: Maiti, Santanu K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasicrystals have been the subject of intense research in the discipline of condensed matter physics due to their non-trivial characteristic features. In the present work we put forward a new prescription to realize both charge and spin current rectifications considering a one-dimensional quasicrystal whose site energies and/or nearest-neighbor hopping (NNH) integrals are modulated in the form of well known Aubry-André or Harper (AAH) model, a classic example of an aperiodic system. Each site of the chain contains a finite magnetic moment which is responsible for spin separation, and, in presence of finite bias an electric field is generated along the chain which essentially makes the asymmetric band structures under forward and reverse biased conditions, yielding finite rectification. Rectification is observed in two forms: (i) positive and (ii) negative, depending on the sign of currents in two bias polarities. These two forms can only be observed in the case of spin current rectification, while charge current shows conventional rectification operation. Moreover, we discuss how rectification ratio and especially its direction can be controlled by AAH phase which is always beneficial for efficient designing of a device. Finally, we critically examine the role of dephasing on rectification operations. Our study gives a new platform to analyze current rectification at nano-scale level, and can be verified in different quasi-crystals along with quantum Hall systems.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures
The distribution of impactor core material during large impacts on Earth-like planets
Creators: name: Itcovitz, Jonathan P.
name: Rae, Auriol S. P.
name: Davison, Thomas M.
name: Collins, Gareth S.
name: Shorttle, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large impacts onto young rocky planets may transform their compositions, creating highly reducing conditions at their surfaces and reintroducing highly siderophile metals to their mantles. Key to these processes is the availability of an impactor's chemically reduced core material (metallic iron). It is, therefore, important to constrain how much of an impactor's core remains accessible to a planet's mantle/surface, how much is sequestered to its core, and how much escapes. Here, we present 3D simulations of such impact scenarios using the shock physics code iSALE to determine the fate of impactor iron. iSALE's inclusion of material strength is vital in capturing the behavior of both solid and fluid components of the planet and thus characterizing iron sequestration to the core. We find that the mass fractions of impactor core material that accretes to the planet core ($f_{core}$) or escapes ($f_{esc}$) can be readily parameterized as a function of a modified specific impact energy, with $f_{core} > f_{esc}$ for a wide set of impacts. These results differ from previous works that do not incorporate material strength. Our work shows that large impacts can place substantial reducing impactor core material in the mantles of young rocky planets. Impact-generated reducing atmospheres may thus be common for such worlds. However, through escape and sequestration to a planet's core, large fractions of an impactor's core can be geochemically hidden from a planet's mantle. Consequently, geochemical estimates of late bombardments of planets based on mantle siderophile element abundances may be underestimates.
description: Submitted July 25, 2023; Revised October 26, 2023; PSJ
Numerical study of disorder effects on the three-dimensional Hubbard model
Creators: name: Otsuka, Y.
name: Hatsugai, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Combined effects of interactions and disorder are investigated using a finite temperature quantum Monte Carlo technique for the three-dimensional Hubbard model with random potentials of a finite range. Temperature dependence of the charge compressibility shows that the Mott gap collapses beyond a finite disorder strength. This is a quantum phase transition from an incompressible phase to a compressible phase driven by disorder. We calculate the antiferromagnetic structure factor in the presence of disorder as well. Strong antiferromagnetic correlation, which is characteristic of the Mott insulator, is destroyed by a finite amount of disorder.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. B
Non Magnetic Impurities in the Spin-Gap Phase of the Cuprate
Creators: name: Pepin, Catherine
name: Lee, Patrick. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is now well established that Zn doping of high-$T_C$ cuprates reduces their $T_C$ and triggers the appearence of a spin glass phase. In this context, we have solved exactly the problem of N non magnetic impurities in the staggered flux phase of the Heisenberg model which we assume to be a good mean-field approximation for the spin-gap phase of the cuprates. In this model, the quasiparticule spectrum has four nodes on the Fermi surface, and linearization of the spectrum in the neighbourhood of these nodes leads to a system of 2D Dirac fermions. In the presence of a macroscopic number of (non magnetic) impurities, the problem has a characteristic logarithmic structure that renders ineffective the usual perturbative expansions. We have used this logarithmic structure to calculate an exact solution. For a concentration ni of impurities in the unitary scattering limit, the additional density of states is found to be proportional to $ni/(w \ln^2 (|w|/D))$ (where D is the infrared cut-off of the linearized spectrum) in analogy with the 1D case of doped spin-Peierls and two-leg ladders compounds. We argue that the system exhibits a quasi long-range order at T=0 with instantaneous spin-spin correlations decreasing as $ni/ \ln^4 (ni/R_{ij})$ for large distances $R_{ij}$ between impurity sites. We predict enhanced low energy fluctuations and compare these results to NMR and inelastic neutron scattering experiments in the high-$T_C$ cuprates.
description: proceeding of SCES98 conference in Paris, July '98
Slave-boson mean-field theory of spin- and orbital-ordered states in the degenerate Hubbard model
Creators: name: Hasegawa, Hideo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mean-field theory with the use of the slave-boson functional method is generalized to take account of the spin- and orbital-ordered state in the doubly degenerate Hubbard model. Some numerical calculations are presented of the antiferromagnetic orbital-ordered state in the half-filled simple-cubic model. The orbital order in the present theory is much reduced compared with that in the Hartree-Fock approximation because of the large orbital fluctuations. From a comparison of the ground-state energy, the antiferromagnetic orbital state is shown to be unstable against the antiferromagnetic spin state, although the situation becomes reversed when the exchange interaction is {\it negative}.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure
On the elliptic flow of heavy quarkonia in $pA$ collisions
Creators: name: Zhang, Cheng
name: Marquet, Cyrille
name: Qin, Guang-You
name: Wei, Shu-Yi
name: Xiao, Bo-Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the dilute-dense factorization in the Color Glass Condensate framework, we investigate the azimuthal angular correlation between a heavy quarkonium and a charged light hadron in proton-nucleus collisions. We extract the second harmonic $v_2$, commonly known as the elliptic flow, with the light hadron as the reference. This particular azimuthal angular correlation between a heavy meson and a light hadron has first been measured at the LHC recently. The experimental results indicate that the elliptic flows for heavy-flavor mesons ($J/ψ$ and $D^0$) are almost as large as those for light hadrons. Our calculation demonstrates that this result can be naturally interpreted as an initial state effect due to the interaction between the incoming partons from the proton and the dense gluons inside the target nucleus. Since the heavy quarkonium $v_2$ exhibits a weak mass dependence according to our calculation, we predict that the heavy quarkonium $Υ$ should have a similar elliptic flow as compared to that of the $J/ψ$, which can be tested in future measurements.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures;v2: a few minor typo corrected
Giant enhancement of anisotropy by electron-phonon interaction
Creators: name: Kornilovitch, P E
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anisotropic electron-phonon interaction is shown to lead to the anisotropic polaron effect. The resulting anisotropy of the polaron band is an exponential function of the electron-phonon coupling and might be as big as $10^3$. This also makes anisotropy very sensitive to small changes of coupling and implies wide variations of anisotropy among compounds of similar structure. The isotope effect on mass anisotropy is predicted. Polaron masses are obtained by an exact Quantum Monte Carlo method. Implications for high-temperature superconductors are briefly discussed.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Junior Management Science, Bd. 6 Nr. 2 (2021)
Creators: name: Junior Management Science
Publisher: name: Junior Management Science
Year: 2021

description: The Role of Large Institutional Ownership on Goodwill Impairment under the SFAS 142 Regime...408-423 Environmental Context and Team Structure...393-407 Varianzrisikoprämien auf deutsche Staatsanleihen...370-392 Job Crafting as Means to Live out One’s Calling: An Examination of NPO Employees...347-369 The Attitude-Behavior Gap – Drivers and Barriers of Sustainable Consumption...324-346 The Power of Personality Traits in Allocation Decision-Making: A Secondary Analysis of a Laboratory Experiment...299-323 Coping with Sales Pressure – Eine literaturbasierte Analyse von Strategien zur Stressbewältigung im Vertrieb...279-298 Performance of German Family Firms During the Global Financial Crisis...237-278
Supplement and Extended Data from Ecological continuity and transformation after the Permo-Triassic mass extinction in northeastern Panthalassa
Creators: name: Dineen, Ashley A.
name: Roopnarine, Peter D.
name: Fraiser, Margaret L.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Additional background and methods and Trait matrices for Permian and Triassic communities with references
Non-Markov Enhancement of Maximum Power for Quantum Thermal Machines
Creators: name: Abiuso, Paolo
name: Giovannetti, Vittorio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we study how the non-Markovian character of the dynamics can affect the thermodynamic performance of a quantum thermal engine, by analysing the maximum power output of Carnot and Otto cycles departing from the quasi-static and infinite-time-thermalization regime respectively, introducing techniques for their control optimization in general dynamical models. In our model, non-Markovianity is introduced by allowing some degrees of freedom of the reservoirs to be taken into account explicitly and share correlations with the engine by Hamiltonian coupling. It is found that the non-Markovian effects can fasten the control and improve the power output.
description: 24 pages, 9 figures; To appear in Phys. Rev. A (accepted version)
Additional file 4: of Glial pathology and retinal neurotoxicity in the anterior visual pathway in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Creators: name: Jin, Jing
name: Smith, Matthew
name: Kersbergen, Calvin
name: Kam, Tae-In
name: Viswanathan, Mayuri
name: Martin, Kyle
name: Dawson, Ted
name: Dawson, Valina
name: Zack, Donald
name: Whartenby, Katharine
name: Calabresi, Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Figure S4. CD4+ T-cell staining in the optic nerve of EAE and CFA control mice. a CD4 staining in different degion of cross sectioned optic nerve of EAE mouse at PID 16 and PID 42, respectively. CFA group was from control of PID 42 since 2 CFA groups had no difference. Scale bar =50â Îźm. (PDF 388 kb)
Philanthropy – The North East Story
Creators: name: Harvey, Charles
name: Maclean, Mairi
name: Price, Michael
name: Harizanova, Vesela
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 150304 Entrepreneurship
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: History
subject: 160805 Social Change
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 140203 Economic History

description: Our paper surveys the history of philanthropy in the North East of England over a period of more than 900 years, from the time the North East was brought under Norman control (thirty years or so after the Conquest of 1066) down to the present. Our purpose is to paint a broad picture of the role philanthropy has played in the region across the ages, and in doing so to draw significant lessons for the present. This paper provides an overview of our research and outlines of the four philanthropic eras we cover: Middle Ages, Early Modern, Modern and Contemporary. We reflect on the differing intentions and solutions of philanthropy in each of these eras which help in understanding philanthropy in the context of economics, politics, beliefs, values and social practices. Finally we conclude by presenting a summary of our research in the form of what we consider to be the ten most significant findings which have emerged. We reach the overriding conclusion that the North East would be a significantly poorer place today; less vibrant and less healthy, without initiatives taken and sustained by philanthropists over many centuries, which will benefit generations to come.