cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Numerical Approach to Performance Analysis of Quickest Change-Point Detection Procedures
Creators: name: Moustakides, George V.
name: Polunchenko, Aleksey S.
name: Tartakovsky, Alexander G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For the most popular sequential change detection rules such as CUSUM, EWMA, and the Shiryaev-Roberts test, we develop integral equations and a concise numerical method to compute a number of performance metrics, including average detection delay and average time to false alarm. We pay special attention to the Shiryaev-Roberts procedure and evaluate its performance for various initialization strategies. Regarding the randomized initialization variant proposed by Pollak, known to be asymptotically optimal of order-3, we offer a means for numerically computing the quasi-stationary distribution of the Shiryaev-Roberts statistic that is the distribution of the initializing random variable, thus making this test applicable in practice. A significant side-product of our computational technique is the observation that deterministic initializations of the Shiryaev-Roberts procedure can also enjoy the same order-3 optimality property as Pollak's randomized test and, after careful selection, even uniformly outperform it.
description: 32 pages, to appear in Statistica Sinica
title: Sarcoma de Ewing: Revisión de hallazgos radiológicos con énfasis en la RM y evaluación postratamiento.
Creators: name: Bermejo Moríñigo, Ana
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Bones
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Neoplasia

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
-Describir los hallazgos radiológicos característicos del sarcoma de Ewing con énfasis en RM mostrando casos ilustrativos. -Reconocer el patrón de afectación metastásica y recidiva locorregional. -Revisar el papel de las nuevas técnicas de...
Proctored Formative Assessment Improves Medical Student Performance on Future Summative Assessments
Creators: name: Berrocal, Yerko A
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Although evidence that supports the utility of formative exams in undergraduate medical education is well-documented in literature, there is very limited data on potential impact of the setting in which formative assessments are administered. This study examines whether administering multiple choice question (MCQ)-based formative assessments in a proctored versus non-proctored setting influences student performance on eventual summative assessment. Throughout seven weeks of the first block course in Year 1 curriculum at the University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria (UICOMP), medical students from years 2017 to 2019 were assessed by weekly MCQ formative assessments in either a proctored or non-proctored setting. At the conclusion of the course, a 100-item MCQ cumulative, summative exam was administered to all Year 1 students. All MCQs on this final exam were linked to United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) domains, instructional method, and levels of Bloom’s Taxonomy prior to summative exam administration. Student performance on the subset of summative exam MCQs which had been previously assessed in proctored formative assessments was compared to performance on the subset which had previously appeared on non-proctored formative assessments. The percentage correct (item difficulty) on final summative assessments was 0.89 ± 0.31 SD for items assessed in the proctored setting and 0.78 ± 0.41 SD for items assessed in the non-proctored setting. In addition, our analysis showed that regardless of the Bloom taxonomy levels, Team-based learning is an effective instructional approach to test for all Bloom’s levels. This study suggests that participation in formative assessments administered under a proctored setting leads to better outcomes in final summative exams, exemplified by an 11% increase in correct items on the final summative assessment.
The impact of stellar companion UV photons on the chemistry of the circumstellar environments of AGB stars
Creators: name: Van de Sande, M.
name: Millar, T. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spherical asymmetries are prevalent within the outflows of AGB stars. Since binary interaction with a stellar or planetary companion is thought to be the underlying mechanism behind large-scale structures, we included the effects of UV radiation originating from a stellar companion in our chemical kinetics model. The one-dimensional model provides a first approximation of its effects on the chemistry throughout the outflow. The presence of a close-by stellar companion can strongly influence the chemistry within the entire outflow. Its impact depends on the intensity of the radiation (set by the stellar radius and blackbody temperature) and on the extinction the UV radiation experiences (set by the outflow density, density structure, and assumed radius of dust formation). Parent species can be photodissociated by the companion, initiating a rich photon-driven chemistry in the inner parts of the outflow. The outcome depends on the balance between two-body reactions and photoreactions. If two-body reactions dominate, chemical complexity within the outflow increases. This can make the abundance profiles of daughters appear like those of parents, with a larger inner abundance and a gaussian decline. If photoreactions dominate, the outflow can appear molecule-poor. We model three stellar companions. The impact of a red dwarf companion is limited. Solar-like companions show the largest effect, followed by a white dwarf. A stellar companion can also lead to the formation of unexpected species. The outflow's molecular content, especially combined with abundance profiles, can indicate a stellar companion's presence. Our results pave the way for further outflow-specific (three-dimensional) model development.
description: Accepted for publication in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Main paper: 20 pages, 12 figures, 4 tables. Supplementary material: 42 pages, 66 figures, 2 tables. Revision: corrections to legibility of the label of Fig. A2
EVALUATION OF PERFORMANCE MEASURES FOR RELIABLE AND SECURE PHISHING DETECTION SYSTEM
Creators: name: Pratikkumar A. Barot
name: Patel, Sunil A.
name: H.B. Jethva
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2023
Subjects: Reliable phishing detection
Cyber security
Unbalanced data
Performance evaluation
Cyber safety

description: Phishing is an illegal act and security breach which acquires a user's confidential information without consent. Anti-phishing techniques used to detect and prevent such malicious acts to provide data safety to the end user. Researchers proposed an anti-phishing solution with the help of techniques like the blacklist record, heuristic function, visual similarity, and machine learning algorithm. In recent times many researchers proposed machine learning techniques for phishing detection and achieve more than 90% accuracy. However, there is reliability issue in the accuracy measures used by the researchers. In real life, the phishing dataset is unbalanced. Most of the researchers ignore this data quality during their research work design. In the case of unbalanced data, traditional accuracy measure does not give proper performance evaluation. It shows biased performance evaluations. In this paper, we experimented with an unbalanced dataset of phishing detection and did detailed result analysis to highlight the reliability issue of traditional performance evaluation measures for unbalanced data classification. We experiment with four classification algorithms and found that more than 90% of accuracy does not entitle any classifier as secure and safe if the dataset is unbalanced. Our work highlights the data factors and algorithmic limitations that compromise the system security and data safety.
Evaluation of the Ion Channel Assembly in a Eukaryotic Cell-Free System Focusing on Two-Pore Domain Potassium Channels K2P
Creators: name: Ullrich, Jessica
name: Ohlhoff, Carsten
name: Dondapati, Srujan Kumar
name: Zemella, Anne
name: Kubick, Stefan
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: eukaryotic cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS)
subject: cell-free synthesis (CFS)
subject: membrane protein synthesis
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Oligomeric ion channels are abundant in nature. However, the recombinant expression in cell culture-based systems remains tedious and challenging due to negative side effects, limiting the understanding of their role in health and disease. Accordingly, in this work, we demonstrate the cell-free synthesis (CFS) as an alternative platform to study the assembly of two-pore domain potassium channels (K2P) within endogenous endoplasmic reticulum-derived microsomes. Exploiting the open nature of CFS, we investigate the cotranslational translocation of TREK-2 into the microsomes and suggest a cotranslational assembly with typical single-channel behavior in planar lipid-bilayer electrophysiology. The heteromeric assembly of K2P channels is a contentious matter, accordingly we prove the successful assembly of TREK-2 with TWIK-1 using a biomolecular fluorescence complementation assay, Western blot analysis and autoradiography. The results demonstrate that TREK-2 homodimer assembly is the initial step, followed by heterodimer formation with the nascent TWIK-1, providing evidence of the intergroup heterodimerization of TREK-2 and TWIK-1 in eukaryotic CFS. Since K2P channels are involved in various pathophysiological conditions, including pain and nociception, CFS paves the way for in-depth functional studies and related pharmacological interventions. This study highlights the versatility of the eukaryotic CFS platform for investigating ion channel assembly in a native-like environment.
Deep in Thought: How Do Recipients Take in Negative Feedback?
Creators: name: Zhong, Meng
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Although people dislike being criticized, negative feedback can be beneficial to recipients by motivating them to improve their work performance. While previous research has mainly focused on how the providers can deliver negative feedback in an effective way to influence employees’ behaviors, little research has focused on which cognitive mechanisms and which behaviors recipients can rely on to gain benefits from received negative feedback. In this dissertation, I draw on the framework of rumination and reflection to propose a model of recurrent thinking about received negative feedback that explains why recipients may differentially engage in avoidance and approach efforts as their responses to negative feedback. That is, recipients can repetitively and automatically think about the unpleasant experiences associated with receiving negative feedback (i.e., rumination) and at the same time intellectually analyze the content of that feedback (i.e., reflection). While rumination about feedback results in recipients’ procrastination, which represents an avoidance response, reflection about feedback stimulates recipients’ creativity, which represents an approach response. Furthermore, recipients can obtain self-regulatory resources by developing state mindfulness and by conducting learning activities—both of which can weaken the association of negative feedback with rumination and strengthen the association with reflection. Using two studies, with a sample of 201 academics and a sample of 143 industrial employees’ 557 performance feedback events, respectively, I examined the proposed hypotheses. The results supported the positive effect of negative feedback on rumination, which then leads to procrastination, but the beneficial effects through reflection were not supported. Learning activities may potentially strengthen the beneficial path from negative feedback to creativity via reflection. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
MicroRNA-223 Dampens Pulmonary Inflammation during Pneumococcal Pneumonia
Creators: name: Goekeri, Cengiz
name: Pennitz, Peter
name: Groenewald, Wibke
name: Behrendt, Ulrike
name: Kirsten, Holger
name: Zobel, Christian M.
name: Berger, Sarah
name: Heinz, Gitta A.
name: Mashreghi, Mir-Farzin
name: Wienhold, Sandra-Maria
name: Dietert, Kristina
name: Dorhoi, Anca
name: Gruber, Achim D.
name: Scholz, Markus
name: Rohde, Gernot
name: Suttorp, Norbert
name: CAPNETZ Study Group
name: Witzenrath, Martin
name: Nouailles, Geraldine
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: microRNA-223
subject: pneumonia
subject: Streptococcus pneumoniae
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::616 Krankheiten

description: Community-acquired pneumonia remains a major contributor to global communicable disease-mediated mortality. Neutrophils play a leading role in trying to contain bacterial lung infection, but they also drive detrimental pulmonary inflammation, when dysregulated. Here we aimed at understanding the role of microRNA-223 in orchestrating pulmonary inflammation during pneumococcal pneumonia. Serum microRNA-223 was measured in patients with pneumococcal pneumonia and in healthy subjects. Pulmonary inflammation in wild-type and microRNA-223-knockout mice was assessed in terms of disease course, histopathology, cellular recruitment and evaluation of inflammatory protein and gene signatures following pneumococcal infection. Low levels of serum microRNA-223 correlated with increased disease severity in pneumococcal pneumonia patients. Prolonged neutrophilic influx into the lungs and alveolar spaces was detected in pneumococci-infected microRNA-223-knockout mice, possibly accounting for aggravated histopathology and acute lung injury. Expression of microRNA-223 in wild-type mice was induced by pneumococcal infection in a time-dependent manner in whole lungs and lung neutrophils. Single-cell transcriptome analyses of murine lungs revealed a unique profile of antimicrobial and cellular maturation genes that are dysregulated in neutrophils lacking microRNA-223. Taken together, low levels of microRNA-223 in human pneumonia patient serum were associated with increased disease severity, whilst its absence provoked dysregulation of the neutrophil transcriptome in murine pneumococcal pneumonia.
EXPLORING NOVEL EXTENSION OF SUJA DISTRIBUTION: UNVEILING PROPERTIES AND DIVERSE APPLICATIONS
Creators: name: C. Subramanian
name: M. Subhashree
name: Aafaq A. Rather
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2023
Subjects: Area-biased distribution
Suja distribution
Maximum likelihood Estimator

description: This research article introduces and explores the area biased techniques of the Suja distribution, presenting novel derivations and insights. The estimation of the one-parameter area biased Suja distribution is accomplished using maximum likelihood, providing a robust framework for modeling real-world data. A comprehensive study of several statistical properties is conducted to unveil the characteristics and behaviors of this new model. To demonstrate its practical applicability, the proposed distribution is applied to real data of weather temperature. The analysis showcases the distribution's effectiveness in capturing the intricacies of temperature patterns, revealing its potential utility in weather modeling and related applications. The research contributes to the advancement of statistical modeling techniques and enriches our understanding of the Suja distribution's versatility in handling diverse datasets.
title: Roturas tendinosas del tobillo. ¿Qué aporta la ecografía? Comparamos con imágenes de TC y RM.
Creators: name: García Espinosa, Jade
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Ultrasound

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivos:
INTRODUCCIÓN Los tendones que forman parte del tobillo tienen una trayectoria y distribución topográfica muy superficial,
lo que permite estudiarlos con ecografía usando frecuencias altas obteniéndose imágenes con muy buena resolución...
EVALUATION OF SAMPLE SIZE AND EFFICIENT FIELD SAMPLING PLAN IN HDP APPLE ORCHARDS
Creators: name: Tabasum Mushtaq
name: Lone, Mushtaq A.
name: S.A. Mir
name: Powar, Sonali Kedar
name: Aafaq A. Rather
name: Khan, Adil H.
name: Faizan Danish
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2023
Subjects: Sample size
Stratification
Proportional Allocation
Gain in Efficiency

description: An essential stage in research is choosing an adequate sample size and sampling strategy. In order to obtain the most accurate estimates possible when surveying high density apple orchards, this paper provides the proper procedure for selecting the sample and an effective sampling strategy. For this study, primary information gathered during a two-year period from the SKUAST-Kashmir exotic apple block Plate I was employed. This investigation was conducted using the TCSA of exotic apple trees of the Gala and Fuji types. The sample was obtained using a variety of sampling techniques in order to find the parameters of population. Findings revealed that using proportional allocation of a stratified sample technique, in both the varieties, produces the most efficient population parameter estimates.
Delayed Logistic and Rosenzweig - MacArthur Models with Allometric Parameter Setting Estimate Population Cycles Well
Creators: name: Hendriks, A. Jan
name: Mulder, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Context. So far, theoretical explanations for body-size patterns in periodic population dynamics have received little attention. In particular, tuning and testing of allometric models on empirical data and regressions has not been carried out yet. Here, oscillations expected from a one-species (delayed logistic) and a two-species (Rosenzweig-MacArthur) model were compared to cycles observed in laboratory experiments and field surveys for a wide range of invertebrates and vertebrates. The parameters in the equations were linked to body mass, using a consistent set of allometric relationships that was calibrated on 230 regressions. Oscillation period and amplitude predicted by the models were validated with data taken from literature. Results. The collected data showed that cycle times of herbivores scaled to species body mass with a slope up to 1/4 as expected from the models. With exception of aquatic herbi-detritivores, intercepts were observed at the level calculated by the two-species model. Remarkably, oscillation periods were size-independent for predatory invertebrates, fishes, birds and mammals. Average cycles were of 4 to 5 years, similar to those predicted by the one-species model with a size-independent delay of 1 year. The consistent difference between herbivores and the carnivores could be explained by the models from the small parameter space for consumer-resource cycles in generalist predators. As expected, amplitudes recorded in the field did not scale to size. Observed oscillation periods were generally within a factor of about 2 from the values expected from the models. This demonstrates that a set of slopes and intercepts for age and density parameters applicable to a wide range of species allows a reasonable estimate of independently measured cycle times.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures, 4 tables, 50 references
Pitch Angle Scattering of Fast Particles by Low Frequency Magnetic Fluctuations
Creators: name: Xu, Yi
name: Egedal, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The adiabatic invariance of the magnetic moment during particle motion is of fundamental importance to the dynamics of magnetized plasma. The related rate of pitch angle scattering is investigated here for fast particles that thermally stream through static magnetic perturbations. For a uniform magnetic field with a localized perturbation it is found that the curvature parameter $κ^2=\min(R_c/ρ_L)$ does not predict the level of pitch angle scattering. Instead, based on numerical integration of particle orbits in prescribed magnetic fields, we derive predictions for the particle scattering rates, which can be characterized by the relative perturbation amplitude $A\simeq δB/B$, and the particle Larmor radius normalized by the field-aligned wavelength of the perturbations, $ρ_L/λ_{\|}$. Particles with $ρ_L/λ_{\|}\simeq1$, are subject to strong pitch angle scattering, while the level of scattering vanishes for both the limits of $ρ_L/λ_{\|} \ll 1$ and $ρ_L/λ_{\|} \gg 1$. The results are summarized in terms of a scattering operator, suitable for including the described scattering in basic kinetic models.
EXPLORING THE ADAPTABILITY OF THE UNIT INVERSE WEIBULL DISTRIBUTION FOR MODELING DATA ON THE UNIT INTERVAL
Creators: name: Shameera, T.
name: Bindu, P.P.
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2023
Subjects: Unit inverse Weibull distribution
statistical properties
estimation
simulation study

description: This paper derives a new lifetime distribution called the unit inverse Weibull distribution(UIWD) from inverse weibull distribution. Various statistical properties such as the survival function, hazard rate function, revised hazard rate function, cumulative hazard rate function, moments, and quartiles have been discussed. Additionally, we have explored other properties like skewness, kurtosis, order statistics, and the quantile function. Various methods of estimation, including maximum likelihood, moments, percentiles, and the Cramer-Von Mises, have been discussed. Simulation studies were conducted to assess the accuracy and precision of the parameters. Comparative analyses were performed to highlight the effectiveness and utility of the proposed model in comparison to other existing models, using two real-life applications. Finally, real life data analysis reveals that derived distribution can provide a better fit than several well-known distributions.
Innovationen und Zukunftsperspektiven in der Diagnostik von Bandscheibenpathologien mittels der Computertomographie
Creators: name: Schömig, Friederike
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: computed tomography
subject: spine
subject: intervertebral disc
subject: DECT
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden innovative Einsatzmöglichkeiten der Computertomographie (CT) in der Diagnostik von Pathologien der Bandscheibe in den Bereichen traumatischer, infektiöser und degenerativer spinaler Veränderungen untersucht. Im Rahmen traumatischer Verletzungen der Wirbelsäule wurde das CT-morphologische Auftreten eines Fraktur-assoziierten Vakuumphänomens in der Bandscheibe als möglicher Indikator für eine Bandscheibenbeteiligung untersucht, wobei eine Assoziation mit Berstungsfrakturen festgestellt wurde. Gleichzeitig konnte der Nachweis gelingen, dass das Vorhandensein einer Gasansammlung in der Bandscheibe im Gegensatz zur bisherigen Annahme kein Ausschlusskriterium für das Vorhandensein einer spinalen Infektion darstellt. Im Bereich degenerativer spinaler Veränderungen wurden dagegen Kollagen-sensitive Rekonstruktionen basierend auf der Dual-Energy Computertomographie (DECT) hinsichtlich der Darstellung der Bandscheibenmorphologie untersucht. Im nächsten Schritt erfolgte dann die Analyse ihrer Machbarkeit hinsichtlich der Darstellung lumbaler Bandscheibenpathologien sowie Stenosen der Foramina intervertebralia. Die diskutierten Arbeiten zeigen, dass die CT als diagnostisches Mittel wesentlich zu der Beurteilung von Pathologien der Bandscheibe in den untersuchten Bereichen beiträgt, verdeutlichen aber gleichzeitig, dass die Untersuchung mittels einer einzelnen bildgebenden Modalität alleinig in vielen Fällen keine vollumfassende Diagnostik zur Festlegung des therapeutischen Vorgehens erlaubt.
The Comparison of Riemannian Geometric Matrix-CFAR Signal Detectors
Creators: name: Ono, Yusuke
name: Peng, Linyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Essential characteristics of signal data can be captured by the autocovariance matrix, which, in the stationary scenarios, is Toeplitz Hermitian positive definite (HPD). In this paper, several well-known Riemannian geometric structures of HPD matrix manifolds are applied to signal detection, including the affine invariant Riemannian metric, the log-Euclidean metric, and the Bures--Wasserstein (BW) metric, the last of which was recently extended to HPD manifolds. Riemannian gradient descent algorithms are proposed to solve the corresponding geometric means and medians, that play fundamental roles in the detection process. Simulations within the scenario using the ideal steering vector as the target signal provide compelling evidence that the BW detectors outperform the other geometric detectors as well as the conventional adaptive matched filter and adaptive normalized matched filter when observation data are limited. Further simulations demonstrate that the matrix-CFAR is robust in scenarios where the signal is mismatched. In addition to detection performances, robustness of the geometric detectors to outliers and computational complexity of the algorithms are analysed.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Airborne virus transmission via respiratory droplets: Effects of droplet evaporation and sedimentation
Creators: name: Rezaei, Majid
name: Netz, Roland R.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Airborne virus transmission
subject: Droplet evaporation
subject: Droplet sedimentation
subject: Droplet nuclei
subject: Wells model
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Airborne transmission is considered as an important route for the spread of infectious diseases, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and is primarily determined by the droplet sedimentation time, that is, the time droplets spend in air before reaching the ground. Evaporation increases the sedimentation time by reducing the droplet mass. In fact, small droplets can, depending on their solute content, almost completely evaporate during their descent to the ground and remain airborne as so-called droplet nuclei for a long time. Considering that viruses possibly remain infectious in aerosols for hours, droplet nuclei formation can substantially increase the infectious viral air load. Accordingly, the physical-chemical factors that control droplet evaporation and sedimentation times and play important roles in determining the infection risk from airborne respiratory droplets are reviewed in this article.
title: Aneurismas Aislados de Arteria Ilíaca Común: Tratamiento Endovascular
Creators: name: García Vila, José Hermenegildo
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Prostheses
subject: Arteriosclerosis
subject: Aneurysms
subject: Stents
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Arterial access
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Percutaneous
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Vascular
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Arteries / Aorta

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivos:
Entreun 10% a un 20% de pacientes con aneurisma de aorta abdominal tienen también dilatación aneurismática de las arterias ilíacas.
En cambio los aneurismas aislados de arteria ilíaca común (AAIC) son infrecuentes,del 0'03 % de todos los...
EXPLORING THE LENGTH BIASED TORNUMONKPE DISTRIBUTION: PROPERTIES, ESTIMATIONS AND PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS
Creators: name: D. Vedavathi Saraja
name: B. Jayakumar
name: Mishra, Madhulika
name: Deshpande, Priya
name: C. Subramanian
name: Ganaie, Rashid A.
name: Aafaq A. Rather
name: Bhat, Bilal Ahmad
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2023
Subjects: Length biased distribution
Tornumonkpe distribution
order statistics
maximum likelihood estimation

description: In this study, we introduce a novel extension of the Tornumonkpe distribution, known as the length biased Tornumonkpe distribution. This distribution holds particular significance as it belongs to the family of weighted distributions, specifically the length biased variant. Through an in-depth analysis, we explore the mathematical and statistical properties of this distribution, shedding light on its unique characteristics. To estimate the model parameters of this new distribution, we employ the wellestablished technique of maximum likelihood estimation. This allows us to accurately determine the parameters and enhance our understanding of the distribution's behavior. To demonstrate the practical applicability and advantages of the length biased Tornumonkpe distribution, we showcase its performance using a real-life time data set. Through this empirical examination, we investigate the distribution's superiority and flexibility, providing valuable insights into its potential use in various domains.
Rapid contraction of giant planets orbiting the 20 million-years old star V1298 Tau
Creators: name: Mascareño, A. Suárez
name: Damasso, M.
name: Lodieu, N.
name: Sozzetti, A.
name: Béjar, V. J. S.
name: Benatti, S.
name: Osorio, M. R. Zapatero
name: Micela, G.
name: Rebolo, R.
name: Desidera, S.
name: Murgas, F.
name: Claudi, R.
name: Hernández, J. I. González
name: Malavolta, L.
name: del Burgo, C.
name: D'Orazi, V.
name: Amado, P. J.
name: Locci, D.
name: Tabernero, H. M.
name: Marzari, F.
name: Aguado, D. S.
name: Turrini, D.
name: Guillén, C. Cardona
name: Toledo-Padrón, B.
name: Maggio, A.
name: Aceituno, J.
name: Bauer, F. F.
name: Caballero, J. A.
name: Chinchilla, P.
name: Esparza-Borges, E.
name: González-Álvarez, E.
name: Granzer, T.
name: Luque, R.
name: Martín, E. L.
name: Nowak, G.
name: Oshagh, M.
name: Pallé, E.
name: Parviainen, H.
name: Quirrenbach, A.
name: Reiners, A.
name: Ribas, I.
name: Strassmeier, K. G.
name: Weber, M.
name: Mallonn, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current theories of planetary evolution predict that infant giant planets have large radii and very low densities before they slowly contract to reach their final size after about several hundred million years. These theoretical expectations remain untested to date, despite the increasing number of exoplanetary discoveries, as the detection and characterisation of very young planets is extremely challenging due to the intense stellar activity of their host stars. However, the recent discoveries of young planetary transiting systems allow to place initial constraints on evolutionary models. With an estimated age of 20 million years, V1298\,Tau is one of the youngest solar-type stars known to host transiting planets: it harbours a multiple system composed of two Neptune-sized, one Saturn-sized, and one Jupiter-sized planets. Here we report the analysis of an intense radial velocity campaign, revealing the presence of two periodic signals compatible with the orbits of two of its planets. We find that planet b, with an orbital period of 24 days, has a mass of 0.64 Jupiter masses and a density similar to the giant planets of the Solar System and other known giant exoplanets with significantly older ages. Planet e, with an orbital period of 40 days, has a mass of 1.16 Jupiter masses and a density larger than most giant exoplanets. This is unexpected for planets at such a young age and suggests that some giant planets might evolve and contract faster than anticipated, thus challenging current models of planetary evolution.
description: 47 pages, 13 figures, 3 tables, infinite stress
The transverse momentum dependent distribution functions in the bag model
Creators: name: Avakian, H.
name: Efremov, A. V.
name: Schweitzer, P.
name: Yuan, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Leading and subleading twist transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs) are studied in a quark model framework provided by the bag model. A complete set of relations among different TMDs is derived, and the question is discussed how model-(in)dependent such relations are. A connection of the pretzelosity distribution and quark orbital angular momentum is derived. Numerical results are presented, and applications for phenomenology discussed. In particular, it is shown that in the valence-x region the bag model supports a Gaussian Ansatz for the transverse momentum dependence of TMDs.
description: 26 pages
EXPONENTIAL-PARETO MIXTURE DISTRIBUTION
Creators: name: Peshkova, Irina
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2023
Subjects: finite mixture
Exponential-Pareto distribution

description: In this paper we introduce the Exponential-Pareto mixture distribution. This distribution is associated as mixture of light and heavy-tailed data which arise in a wide class applications including risk analysis. Characteristic function, failure rate function, mean excess, conditional excess distribution are derived. It is proved that the limiting distribution of maxima among n values of rv’s with Exponential-Pareto distribution has Frechet-type form. The maximal likelihood estimation of parameters is discussed. The upper bound of uniform distance between Exponential-Pareto mixture and Pareto distributions is derived.
Stationary Navier-Stokes flow in a bulged or constricted pipe : uniqueness criteria, abstractly and numerically calculated
Creators: name: Ford, Gary Gene
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: We consider fluid flow in an unbounded domain which is the interior of a smooth surface of revolution that is identical to a cylinder outside of a bounded region. We model flow with the stationary Navier-Stokes equations and assume incompressibility of the fluid and its adherence to the boundary. We present a uniqueness theorem developed from an idea of Heywood [2] and obtain uniqueness criteria which are realizable upon the finding of any suitable solenoidal approximation to the actual flow. We introduce and develop an idea of similarity of vector fields, and we obtain the identity [Mathematical Equation] → R³ is a class C² homeomorphism, -1 a:Ω → R³ is a class C¹ vector field, [inverted Δ]T is the Jacobian matrix, and *T⁻¹ represents mapping composition with T⁻¹ acting first. Using this identity we produce the required solenoidal approximations, and by specifying a specific form for T, we obtain algebraically calculated uniqueness criteria. Finally, we numerically calculate these criteria via a computer program and obtain practical results tabulated in the appendix.
3 Response to Topic Area 5: Open Sourced Science Geospatial Data Responsibility by Design
Creators: name: , Morrow
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Mishandling location data threatens individual privacy in similar ways to ways to
 mismanagement a person’s name in an information system. Geospatial and location tracking
 data can be recombined with other publically available, open source and big data to expose
 personal information just as sensitive, and including, health records or social security numbers.
 Irresponsible location data management can be more dangerous than name alone for
 vulnerable people. This is particularly serious for those living in areas threatened by conflict or
 high levels of insecurity.
Torque anomalies at magnetization plateaux in quantum magnets with Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions
Creators: name: Manmana, S. R.
name: Mila, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effect of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interactions on torque measurements of quantum magnets with magnetization plateaux in the context of a frustrated spin-1/2 ladder. Using extensive DMRG simulations, we show that the DM contribution to the torque is peaked at the critical fields, and that the total torque is non-monotonous if the DM interaction is large enough compared to the g-tensor anisotropy. More remarkably, if the DM vectors point in a principal direction of the g-tensor, torque measurements close to this direction will show well defined peaks even for small DM interaction, leading to a very sensitive way to detect the critical fields. We propose to test this effect in the two-dimensional plateau system SrCu$_2$(BO$_3$)$_2$.
description: published version
Exponentiated Discrete Hypo Exponential Distribution and its Generalizations
Creators: name: Krishnakumari K.
name: Dais George
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2023
Subjects: Discrete hypo exponential distribution
Estimation
Generalization
Moments
Stressstrength analysis

description: Generalizations of standard probability distributions is a thought-provoking concept in statistical literature and was inspired by many researchers in recent days. This is because the addition of parameters may increase the flexibility of the new models. Now a days various generalization techniques are available in literature. In this work, we proposed a generalization of discrete hypo exponential distribution and studied its various properties. A real data analysis is carried out and check the flexibility of the new model by comparing it with other standard distributions. Two generalizations of the proposed distribution are introduced.
Detecting triplet states in opto-electronic and photovoltaic materials and devices by transient optically detected magnetic resonance
Creators: name: Grüne, Jeannine
name: Dyakonov, Vladimir
name: Sperlich, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Triplet excited states in organic semiconductor materials and devices are notoriously difficult to detect and study with established spectroscopic methods. Yet, they are a crucial intermediate step in next-generation organic light emitting diodes (OLED) that employ thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) to upconvert non-emissive triplets to emissive singlet states. In organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices, however, triplets are an efficiency-limiting exciton loss channel and are also involved in device degradation. Here, we introduce an innovative spin-sensitive method to study triplet states in both, optically excited organic semiconductor films, as well as in electrically driven devices. The method of transient optically detected magnetic resonance (trODMR) can be applied to all light-emitting materials whose luminescence depends on paramagnetic spin states. It is thus an ideal spectroscopic tool to distinguish different states involved and determine their corresponding time scales. We unravel the role of intermediate excited spin states in opto-electronic and photovoltaic materials and devices and reveal fundamental differences in electrically and optically induced triplet states.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 5: of NF-κB/c-Rel deficiency causes Parkinson’s disease-like prodromal symptoms and progressive pathology in mice
Creators: name: Parrella, Edoardo
name: Bellucci, Arianna
name: Porrini, Vanessa
name: Benarese, Marina
name: Lanzillotta, Annamaria
name: Faustini, Gaia
name: Longhena, Francesca
name: Abate, Giulia
name: Uberti, Daniela
name: Pizzi, Marina
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S5. Gene expression analysis of proteins governing mitochondrial homeostasis, ROS production and antioxidant scavenging in the SN of wt and c-rel-/- mice. Evaluation of the mRNA transcripts for UCP4 (a), UCP5 (b), MnSOD (c), PGC1α (d) and Bcl-xL (e) in the SN of 4-, 12- and 18-month-old wt and c-rel-/- mice. No significant differences in the levels of the analyzed transcripts was detectable between wt and c-rel-/- mice at 4 months of age (a-e). At 12 months c-rel-/- mice exhibited a significant decrease of UCP5 expression (b) as well as a significant elevation of PGC1α expression (d). At 18 months, beside UCP5, also UCP4, MnSOD and Bcl-xL were significantly diminished in c-rel-/- mice (a, b, c, e), while the expression of PGC1α was comparable to that of wt littermates (d). n = 3-6 animals per group, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001, Student’s t-test. (PDF 2220 kb)
Spectral Functions and rf Response of Ultracold Fermionic Atoms
Creators: name: Haussmann, R.
name: Punk, M.
name: Zwerger, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a calculation of the spectral functions and the associated rf response of ultracold fermionic atoms near a Feshbach resonance. The single particle spectra are peaked at energies that can be modeled by a modified BCS dispersion. However, even at very low temperatures their width is comparable to their energy, except for a small region around the dispersion minimum. The structure of the excitation spectrum of the unitary gas at infinite scattering length agrees with recent momentum-resolved rf spectra near the critical temperature. A detailed comparison is made with momentum integrated, locally resolved rf spectra of the unitary gas at arbitrary temperatures and shows very good agreement between theory and experiment. The pair size defined from the width of these spectra is found to coincide with that obtained from the leading gradient corrections to the effective field theory of the superfluid.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures, revtex 4, references updated
Lifetime of skyrmions in discrete systems with infinitesimal lattice constant
Creators: name: Potkina, M. N.
name: Lobanov, I. S.
name: Jónsson, H.
name: Uzdin, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological protection of chiral magnetic structures is investigated by taking a two-dimensional magnetic skyrmion as an example. The skyrmion lifetime is calculated based on harmonic transition state theory for a discrete lattice model using various values of the ratio of the lattice constant and the skyrmion size. Parameters of the system corresponding to exchange, anisotropy and Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya interaction are chosen in such a way as to keep the energy and size of the skyrmion unchanged for small values of the lattice constant, using scaling relations derived from continuous micromagnetic description. The number of magnetic moments included in the calculations reaches more than a million. The results indicate that in the limit of infinitesimal lattice constant, the energy barrier for skyrmion collapse approaches the Belavin-Polyakov lower bound of the energy of a topological soliton in the $σ$-model, the entropy contribution to the pre-exponential factor in the Arrhenius rate expression for collapse approaches a constant and the skyrmion lifetime can, for large enough number of spins, correspond to thermally stable skyrmion at room temperature even without magnetic dipole-dipole interaction.
Disentangling X-ray dichroism and birefringence via high-purity polarimetry
Creators: name: Schmitt, Annika
name: Joly, Yves
name: Schulze, Kai Sven
name: Marx-Glowna, Berit
name: Uschmann, Ingo
name: Grabiger, Benjamin
name: Bernhardt, Hendrik
name: Loetzsch, Robert
name: Juhin, Amelie
name: Debray, Jérôme
name: Wille, Hans-Christian
name: Yavas, Hasan
name: Paulus, Gerhard
name: Röhlsberger, Ralf
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 620

description: Optica 1-10 (2020).
description: The advent of high-brilliance synchrotron radiation sources has opened new avenues for X-ray polarization analysis that go far beyond conventional polarimetry in the optical domain. With linear X-ray polarizers in a crossed setting remarkable polarization extinction ratios down to 10$^{-10}$ can be achieved. This renders the method sensitive to probe tiniest optical anisotropies that would occur, for example, in strong-field QED due to vacuum birefringence and dichroism. Here we show that high-purity polarimetry can be employed to reveal electronic anisotropies in condensed matter systems with utmost sensitivity and spectral resolution. Taking CuO and La$_2$CuO$_4$ as benchmark systems, we present a full characterization of the polarization changes across the Cu K-absorption edge and their separation into dichroic and birefringent contributions, supported by calculations via an ab-initio quantum code. Our results not only pave the way for the precision detection of symmetry breaking interactions in correlated materials. At the upcoming diffraction-limited synchrotron radiation sources and X-ray lasers, where polarization extinction ratios of 10$^{-12}$ can be achieved, our method has the potential to assess birefringence and dichroism of the quantum vacuum in fundamental studies of extreme electromagnetic fields.
description: Published by OSA, Washington, DC
FAST AND ROBUST BIVARIATE CONTROL CHARTS FOR INDIVIDUAL OBSERVATIONS
Creators: name: Sajesh, T.A.
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2023
Subjects: Gnandesikan-Kettenring estimator
Qn estimator
Sn estimator
MAD
τ estimator

description: There are various circumstances where it is important to simultaneously monitor or control two or more related quality characteristics. Independently tracking these quality characteristics might be quite deceptive. Hotelling's T2 chart, in which the T2 statistics are generated using the classical estimates of location and scatter, is the most well-known multivariate process monitoring and control approach. It is well known that the existence of outliers in a dataset has a significant impact on classical estimators. Any statistic that is computed using the classical estimates will be distorted by even a single outlier. The non-robustness issue is investigated in this study, which also suggests four robust bivariate control charts based on the robust Gnandesikan-Kettenring estimator. This study employs four highly robust scale estimators, with the best breakdown point, namely the Qn estimator, Sn estimator, MAD estimator, and τ estimator, in order to robustify the Gnandesikan-Kettenring estimator. Through the use of a Monte Carlo simulation and a real-life data, the performance of the suggested control charts is assessed. The four techniques all outperform the traditional method and provide greater computing efficiency.