cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quenches in quantum many-body systems: One-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model reexamined
Creators: name: Roux, Guillaume
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a quantum many-body system undergoes a quench, the time-averaged density-matrix $ρ$ governs the time-averaged expectation value of any observable. It is therefore the key object to look at when comparing results with equilibrium predictions. We show that the weights of $ρ$ can be efficiently computed with Lanczos diagonalization for relatively large Hilbert spaces. As an application, we investigate the crossover from perturbative to non-perturbative quenches in the non-integrable Bose-Hubbard model: on finite systems, an approximate Boltzmann distribution is observed for small quenches, while for larger ones the distributions do not follow standard equilibrium predictions. Studying thermodynamical features, such as the energy fluctuations and the entropy, shows that $ρ$ bears a memory of the initial state.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
A Quantum Informational Approach to the Problem of Time
Creators: name: Wani, Salman Sajad
name: Quach, James Q.
name: Faizal, Mir
name: Bahamonde, Sebastian
name: Pourhassan, Behnam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several novel approaches have been proposed to resolve the problem of time by relating it to change. We argue using quantum information theory that the Hamiltonian constraint in quantum gravity cannot probe change, so it cannot be used to obtain a meaningful notion of time. This is due to the absence of quantum Fisher information with respect to the quantum Hamiltonian of a time-reparametization invariant system. We also observe that the inability of this Hamiltonian to probe change can be related to its inability to discriminate between states of such a system. However, if the time-reparametization symmetry is spontaneously broken due to the formation of quantum cosmological time crystals, these problems can be resolved, and it is possible for time to emerge in quantum gravity.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure
The black hole in NGC 1313 X-2: constraints on the mass from optical observations
Creators: name: Patruno, Alessandro
name: Zampieri, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical study on the nature of the ultra-luminous X-ray source NGC 1313 X-2. We evolved a set of binaries with high mass donor stars orbiting a 20 M_Sun or a 50-100 M_Sun black hole. Using constraints from optical observations we restricted the candidate binary system for NGC 1313 X-2 to be either a 50-100 M_Sun black hole accreting from a 12-15 M_Sun main sequence star or a ~20 M_Sun black hole with a 12-15 M_Sun giant donor. If the modulation of ~6.12 days recently identified as the orbital period of the system is confirmed, a ~20 M_Sun black hole model becomes unlikely and we are left with the only possibility that the compact accretor in NGC 1313 X-2 is a massive black hole of ~50-100 M_Sun.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, Accepted by MNRAS Letters
Enhancing the area of a Raman atom interferometer using a versatile double-diffraction technique
Creators: name: Lévèque, Thomas
name: Gauguet, A.
name: Michaud, Franck
name: Santos, Franck Pereira Dos
name: Landragin, Arnaud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: IIn this paper we demonstrate a new scheme for Raman transitions which realize a symmetric momentum-space splitting of $4 \hbar k$, deflecting the atomic wave-packets into the same internal state. Combining the advantages of Raman and Bragg diffraction, we achieve a three pulse state labelled interferometer, intrinsically insensitive to the main systematics and applicable to all kind of atomic sources. This splitting scheme can be extended to $4N \hbar k$ momentum transfer by a multipulse sequence and is implemented on a $8 \hbar k$ interferometer. We demonstrate the area enhancement by measuring inertial forces.
On the detectability of habitable exomoons with Kepler-class photometry
Creators: name: Kipping, David M.
name: Fossey, Stephen J.
name: Campanella, Giammarco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate the detectability of a habitable-zone exomoon around various configurations of exoplanetary systems with the Kepler Mission or photometry of approximately equal quality. We calculate both the predicted transit timing signal amplitudes and the estimated uncertainty on such measurements in order to calculate the confidence in detecting such bodies across a broad spectrum of orbital arrangements. The effects of stellar variability, instrument noise and photon noise are all accounted for in the analysis. We validate our methodology by simulating synthetic lightcurves and performing a Monte Carlo analysis for several cases of interest. We find that habitable-zone exomoons down to 0.2 Earth masses may be detected and ~25,000 stars could be surveyed for habitable-zone exomoons within Kepler's field-of-view. A Galactic Plane survey with Kepler-class photometry could potentially survey over one million stars for habitable-zone exomoons. In conclusion, we propose that habitable exomoons will be detectable should they exist in the local part of the galaxy.
description: Accepted for publication in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Eugenia Scarzanella, “Isabel e la sua ombra. Dall'Argentina degli anni Trenta all'Italia occupata dai nazisti”, Cosenza, Pellegrini 2023
Creators: name: Trento, Angelo
Publisher: name: Confluenze. Rivista di Studi Iberoamericani
Year: 2023

description: Confluenze. Rivista di Studi Iberoamericani, Vol. 15 No. 2 (2023): Between past and present. A reflection on the authoritarian legacy
Advancing radiation detected resonance ionization towards more exotic nuclides
Creators: name: Warbinek, Jessica
name: Anđelić, Brankica
name: Block, Michael
name: Chhetri, Premaditya
name: Claessens, Arno
name: Ferrer, Rafael
name: Giacoppo, Francesca
name: Kaleja, Oliver
name: Kim, EunKang
name: Laatiaoui, Mustapha
name: Lantis, Jeremy
name: Mistry, Andrew
name: Münzberg, Danny
name: Nothhelfer, Steven
name: Raeder, Sebastian
name: Rey-Herme, Emmanuel
name: Rickert, Elisabeth
name: Romans, Jekabs
name: Romero-Romero, Elisa
name: Vandebrouck, Marine
name: Van Duppen, Piet
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Poster presented at the "Euroschool on Exotic Beams 2021". Described are the recent advances in the radiation detected resonance ionization spectroscopy (RADRIS) method towards heavier elements and more exotic nuclides.
description: {"references": ["S. Raeder et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 232503 (2018)", "F. Lautenschl\u00e4ger et al., NIMB 383, 115-122 (2016)", "H. Backe et al., Eur. Phys. J. D 45, 99-106 (2007)"]}
An all fiber source of frequency entangled photon pairs
Creators: name: Li, Xiaoying
name: Yang, Lei
name: Ma, Xiaoxin
name: Cui, Liang
name: Ou, Zhe Yu
name: Yu, Daoyin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an all fiber source of frequency entangled photon pairs by using four wave mixing in a Sagnac fiber loop. Special care is taken to suppress the impurity of the frequency entanglement by cooling the fiber and by matching the polarization modes of the photon pairs counter-propagating in the fiber loop. Coincidence detection of signal and idler photons, which are created in pair and in different spatial modes of the fiber loop, shows the quantum interference in the form of spatial beating, while the single counts of the individual signal (idler) photons keep constant. When the production rate of photon pairs is about 0.013 pairs/pulse, the envelope of the quantum interference reveals a visibility of $(95\pm 2)%$, which is close to the calculated theoretical limit 97.4%
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. A
Two-step Brillouin zone sampling for efficient computation of electron dynamics in solids
Creators: name: Sato, Shunsuke A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a numerical Brillouin-zone integration scheme for real-time propagation of electronic systems with time-dependent density functional theory. This scheme is based on the decomposition of a large simulation into a set of small independent simulations. The performance of the decomposition scheme is examined in both linear and nonlinear regimes by computing the linear optical properties of bulk silicon and high-order harmonic generation. The decomposition of a large simulation into a set of independent simulations can improve the efficiency of parallel computation by reducing communication and synchronization overhead and enhancing the portability of simulations across a relatively small cluster machine.
Additional file 5 of Gut microbiota dysbiosis contributes to the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Creators: name: Li, Naijian
name: Dai, Zhouli
name: Wang, Zhang
name: Deng, Zhishan
name: Zhang, Jiahuan
name: Pu, Jinding
name: Cao, Weitao
name: Pan, Tianhui
name: Zhou, Yumin
name: Yang, Zhaowei
name: Li, Jing
name: Li, Bing
name: Ran, Pixin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 5: Ethics approval and consent to participate.
Statistical Process Control in Tomotherapy pre-treatment QA
Creators: name: Petit, Rosa
name: Vanzi, Eleonora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: medical physics

description: The different degrees of freedom that IMRT has in helical Tomotherapy lead to increased uncertainties due to the dynamic nature and dosimetric variability of the treatment. Therefore, the verification of treatment plans is a standard and essential part of the workflow in planning patients treated with IMRT in helical Tomotherapy today. This implies a challenge for medical physicists in the development of tools and metrics that ensure and guarantee the quality assurance (QA) of the plans to be delivered to the patient. One of the most adopted procedure in Tomotherapy pre-treatment verification QA consists in the evaluation of the deviation between a calculated dose and a measured one (single- point absolute measurement) together with the analysis of the gamma index, after the treatment plan is computed on an appropriate phantom. For this purpose, Tomotherapy planning system includes a software, better know as DQA (Delivery Quality Assurance), to compute the plan dose in a phantom selected by the user. The phantom is then irradiated under the treatment conditions to obtain the measured dose and the gamma index is evaluated. As we will discuss later, this index includes the comparison of the dose distributions from a geometric point of view (by studying the displacement between the reference and the measured dose distributions) and from a dosimetric point of view (by punctually evaluating the difference between planned and delivered doses).
Sieving for pseudosquares and pseudocubes in parallel using doubly-focused enumeration and wheel datastructures
Creators: name: Sorenson, Jonathan P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11Y55, 11Y16, 11Y11

description: We extend the known tables of pseudosquares and pseudocubes, discuss the implications of these new data on the conjectured distribution of pseudosquares and pseudocubes, and present the details of the algorithm used to do this work. Our algorithm is based on the space-saving wheel data structure combined with doubly-focused enumeration, run in parallel on a cluster supercomputer.
Office Based Anesthesia Guidelines: Policy Recommendations for Oocyte Retrieval
Creators: name: Lyons, Patrick
name: Caroll, Gregory
Publisher: name: Oregon Health and Science University
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Anesthesia and Analgesia
subject: Office-based+anesthesia, oocyte retrieval, anesthesia

description: Research to discover what the ideal anesthetic technique and anesthetic safety requirements for office based oocyte retrievals. This was then compared with a real world survey discovering local culture by some in the anesthesia community regarding their practices.
title: Teachers trust educational science: Especially if it confirms their beliefs
Creators: name: Schmidt, Kirstin
name: Rosman, Tom
name: Cramer, Colin
name: Besa, Kris-Stephen
name: Merk, Samuel
Publisher: name: Publikationsserver der Pädagogischen Hochschule Thurgau
Year: 2022
Subjects: evidence-informed education
anecdotal evidence
confirmation bias
second-hand evaluation
scientific evidence
trust in science

description: Teachers around the world are increasingly required by policy guidelines to inform their teaching practices with scientific evidence. However, due to the division of cognitive labor, teachers often cannot evaluate the veracity of such evidence first-hand, since they lack specific methodological skills, such as the ability to evaluate study designs. For this reason, second-hand evaluations come into play, during which individuals assess the credibility and trustworthiness of the person or other entity who conveys the evidence instead of evaluating the information itself. In doing so, teachers' belief systems (e.g., beliefs about the trustworthiness of different sources, about science in general, or about specific educational topics) can play a pivotal role. But judging evidence based on beliefs may also lead to distortions which, in turn, can result in barriers for evidence-informed school practice. One popular example is the so-called confirmation bias, that is, preferring belief-consistent and avoiding or questioning belief-inconsistent information. Therefore, we experimentally investigated (1) whether teachers trust knowledge claims made by other teachers and scientific studies differently, (2) whether there is an interplay between teachers' trust in these specific knowledge claims, their trust in educational science, and their global trust in science, and (3) whether their prior topic-specific beliefs influence trust ratings in the sense of a confirmation bias. In an incomplete rotated design with three preregistered hypotheses, N = 414 randomly and representative sampled in-service teachers from Germany indicated greater trust in scientific evidence (information provided by a scientific journal) compared to anecdotal evidence (information provided by another teacher on a teacher blog). In addition, we found a positive relationship between trust in educational science and trust in specific knowledge claims from educational science. Finally, participants also showed a substantial confirmation bias, as they trusted educational science claims more when these matched (rather than contradicted) their prior beliefs. Based on these results, the interplay of trust, first-hand evaluation, and evidence-informed school practice is discussed.
description: Frontiers in Education, vol. 7
Predictive Authoring for Brazilian Portuguese Augmentative and Alternative Communication
Creators: name: Pereira, Jayr
name: Nogueira, Rodrigo
name: Zanchettin, Cleber
name: Fidalgo, Robson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Individuals with complex communication needs (CCN) often rely on augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) systems to have conversations and communique their wants. Such systems allow message authoring by arranging pictograms in sequence. However, the difficulty of finding the desired item to complete a sentence can increase as the user's vocabulary increases. This paper proposes using BERTimbau, a Brazilian Portuguese version of BERT, for pictogram prediction in AAC systems. To finetune BERTimbau, we constructed an AAC corpus for Brazilian Portuguese to use as a training corpus. We tested different approaches to representing a pictogram for prediction: as a word (using pictogram captions), as a concept (using a dictionary definition), and as a set of synonyms (using related terms). We also evaluated the usage of images for pictogram prediction. The results demonstrate that using embeddings computed from the pictograms' caption, synonyms, or definitions have a similar performance. Using synonyms leads to lower perplexity, but using captions leads to the highest accuracies. This paper provides insight into how to represent a pictogram for prediction using a BERT-like model and the potential of using images for pictogram prediction.
Land use contract : its validity as a means of use and development control
Creators: name: Porter, Brian John
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Since the introduction in early 1971 of the Land Use Contract - S. 702A of the B.C. Municipal Act - few, if any, studies have been devoted to its practical applications. This paper therefore attempts both a survey and analysis of the use and implications of S. 702A. Questionnaires were used to collect data from all Regional Districts and some fifteen larger municipalities. Although results indicated a wide and varied usage, there was little evidence of a strongly demonstrated need for a new form of land control. Both the planners and administrators to whom the questionnaires were directed, and by their evidence the general public, misunderstood and are confused by the new provisions. However, fewer problems than anticipated were apparantly encountered in the use of S. 702A, and initial reluctance to utilize the legislation is dissipating. By reference to American zoning and British development control methods, it was determined that the Land Use Contract is a form of development control, similar to Ontario practices and not unlike the British example. It can be used to considerable advantage in the planning process, particularly where flexibility and innovation are desired, so long as it is used, as with all development control, in accordance with a comprehensive plan.
Critical behaviors of sheared frictionless granular materials near jamming transition
Creators: name: Otsuki, Michio
name: Hayakawa, Hisao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Critical behaviors of sheared dense and frictionless granular materials in the vicinity of the jamming transition are numerically investigated. From the extensive molecular dynamics simulation, we verify the validity of the scaling theory near the jamming transition proposed by Otsuki and Hayakawa (Prog. Theor. Phys., 121, 647 (2009)). We also clarify the critical behaviors of the shear viscosity and the pair correlation function based on both a phenomenology and the simulation.
description: 13pages, 26 figures
MPEC 2024-S125 : 2024 SB3
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 SB3

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Large-Scale Data Mining of Rapid Residue Detection Assay Data From HTML and PDF Documents: Improving Data Access and Visualization for Veterinarians
Creators: name: Jaberi-Douraki, Majid
name: Dinani, Soudabeh Taghian
name: Gedara, Nuwan Indika Millagaha
name: Xu, Xuan
name: Richards, Emily
name: Maunsell, Fiona
name: Zad, Nader
name: Tell, Lisa Ann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Extra-label drug use in food animal medicine is authorized by the US Animal Medicinal Drug Use Clarification Act (AMDUCA), and estimated withdrawal intervals are based on published scientific pharmacokinetic data. Occasionally there is a paucity of scientific data on which to base a withdrawal interval or a large number of animals being treated, driving the need to test for drug residues. Rapid assay commercial farm-side tests are essential for monitoring drug residues in animal products to protect human health. Active ingredients, sensitivity, matrices, and species that have been evaluated for commercial rapid assay tests are typically reported on manufacturers' websites or in PDF documents that are available to consumers but may require a special access request. Additionally, this information is not always correlated with FDA-approved tolerances. Furthermore, parameter changes for these tests can be very challenging to regularly identify, especially those listed on websites or in documents that are not publicly available. Therefore, artificial intelligence plays a critical role in efficiently extracting the data and ensure current information. Extracting tables from PDF and HTML documents has been investigated both by academia and commercial tool builders. Research in text mining of such documents has become a widespread yet challenging arena in implementing natural language programming. However, techniques of extracting tables are still in their infancy and being investigated and improved by researchers. In this study, we developed and evaluated a data-mining method for automatically extracting rapid assay data from electronic documents. Our automatic electronic data extraction method includes a software package module, a developed pattern recognition tool, and a data mining engine. Assay details were provided by several commercial entities that produce these rapid drug residue assay
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
Rare B Decays with a HyperCP Particle of Spin One
Creators: name: Oh, Sechul
name: Tandean, Jusak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In light of recent experimental information from the CLEO, BaBar, KTeV, and Belle collaborations, we investigate some consequences of the possibility that a light spin-one particle is responsible for the three Sigma^+ -> p mu^+ mu^- events observed by the HyperCP experiment. In particular, allowing the new particle to have both vector and axial-vector couplings to ordinary fermions, we systematically study its contributions to various processes involving b-flavored mesons, including B-Bbar mixing as well as leptonic, inclusive, and exclusive B decays. Using the latest experimental data, we extract bounds on its couplings and subsequently estimate upper limits for the branching ratios of a number of B decays with the new particle. This can serve to guide experimental searches for the particle in order to help confirm or refute its existence.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures; discussion on spin-0 case modified, few errors corrected, main conclusions unchanged
Some Aspects of New CDM Models and CDM Detection Methods
Creators: name: Nussinov, Shmuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We briefly review some recent Cold Dark Matter (CDM) models. Our main focus are charge symmetric models of WIMPs which are not the standard SUSY LSP's (Lightest Supersymmetric Partners). We indicate which experiments are most sensitive to certain aspects of the models. In particular we discuss the manifestations of the new models in neutrino telescopes and other set-ups. We also discuss some direct detection experiments and comment on measuring the direction of recoil ions--which is correlated with the direction of the incoming WIMP. This could yield daily variations providing along with the annual modulation signatures for CDM.
description: 14 pages
Relational Graph Learning for Grounded Video Description Generation
Creators: name: Zhang, Wenqiao
name: Wang, Xin Eric
name: Tang, Siliang
name: Shi, Haizhou
name: Shi, Haocheng
name: Xiao, Jun
name: Zhuang, Yueting
name: Wang, William Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Grounded video description (GVD) encourages captioning models to attend to appropriate video regions (e.g., objects) dynamically and generate a description. Such a setting can help explain the decisions of captioning models and prevents the model from hallucinating object words in its description. However, such design mainly focuses on object word generation and thus may ignore fine-grained information and suffer from missing visual concepts. Moreover, relational words (e.g., "jump left or right") are usual spatio-temporal inference results, i.e., these words cannot be grounded on certain spatial regions. To tackle the above limitations, we design a novel relational graph learning framework for GVD, in which a language-refined scene graph representation is designed to explore fine-grained visual concepts. Furthermore, the refined graph can be regarded as relational inductive knowledge to assist captioning models in selecting the relevant information it needs to generate correct words. We validate the effectiveness of our model through automatic metrics and human evaluation, and the results indicate that our approach can generate more fine-grained and accurate description, and it solves the problem of object hallucination to some extent.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, ACM MM 2020
The Katz site : a prehistoric pithouse settlement in the lower Fraser Valley, British Columbia
Creators: name: Hanson, Gordon William
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Salvage investigations were carried out in 1970-71 at the Katz site (DiRj 1), a prehistoric pithouse settlement located along the Fraser River near the eastern end of the lower Fraser valley three miles downriver from Hope, B.C. Various hypotheses have been advanced to account for the presence of pithouses, a house type considered characteristic of the Plateau, in the lower Fraser river region. Archaeological research conducted at the Katz site has revealed (1) that the pithouse settlement was occupied about the middle of the first millennium B.C., (2) that the artefactual remains in association with the pithouse occupancy express technological affinities which are "interior", "coastal", as well as "local" in character, and (3) the site functioned as a multi-season activity locale. Archaeological investigations at Katz also yielded evidence of a utilization of the site prior to pithouse occupancy. In this earlier deposit, artefactual remains were found interbedded in floodplain alluvia. The stratigraphy, tools, and features, of this zone suggest a seasonal utilization of the site during this period, possibly associated with summer and perhaps fall fishing activities. These data are examined and discussed in the light of ecological information, ethnographic accounts, and previous archaeological findings in the region and adjacent regions. Evidence presented in this thesis adds to the empirical research previously undertaken for the purpose of establishing time depth, derivation, and social activities in Northwest pithouse villages, and adds information regarding tool kits, and activities at a seasonally utilized site early in the first millennium B.C.
Qubits on programmable geometries with a trapped-ion quantum processor
Creators: name: Wu, Qiming
name: Shi, Yue
name: Zhang, Jiehang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Geometry and dimensionality have played crucial roles in our understanding of the fundamental laws of nature, with examples ranging from curved space-time in general relativity to modern theories of quantum gravity. In quantum many-body systems, the entanglement structure can change if the constituents are connected differently, leading to altered bounds for correlation growth and difficulties for classical computers to simulate large systems. While a universal quantum computer can perform digital simulations, an analog-digital hybrid quantum processor offers advantages such as parallelism. Here, we engineer a class of high-dimensional Ising interactions using a linear one-dimensional (1D) ion chain with up to 8 qubits through stroboscopic sequences of commuting Hamiltonians. %with a thorough understanding of the error sources and deviation from the target Hamiltonian. In addition, we extend this method to non-commuting circuits and demonstrate the quantum XY and Heisenberg models using Floquet periodic drives with tunable symmetries. The realization of higher dimensional spin models offers new opportunities ranging from studying topological phases of matter or quantum spin glasses to future fault-tolerant quantum computation.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Change detection of land use and land cover, using landsat-8 and sentinel-2A images
Creators: name: Alhedyan, Mohammed Abdulmohsen
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The main theme of this research is the development of a new hybrid method for change detection of land use and land cover (LULC). LULC change detection is one of most widely used applications of remote sensing. This study used data from two different optical sensors, Landsat-8 images and Sentinel-2A images. Given the newly developed capabilities of these remote sensing satellites, it was necessary to devise appropriate techniques to realise the benefits that they offer. Therefore, three effective change detection methods have been tested, comprehensively analysed, and used to inform the design and development of a new hybrid method of change detection. The studied change detection methods were change vector analysis (CVA), multi-index integrated change analysis (MIICA), and the comprehensive change detection method (CCDM). Case studies were conducted in two regions, Bristol (United Kingdom) and Hail (Saudi Arabia), to provide sufficient variety of inputs to enable the response of more LULC varieties to be recorded. Finally, the Coordination of Information on the Environment (Corine) land cover scheme was used to identify land cover types and LULC changes. In the study area of Bristol, the new hybrid change detection method achieved an overall accuracy of 90% and 0.81 kappa, while the results for the study area of Hail were 74% overall accuracy and 0.40 kappa. The change detection results obtained by the new hybrid method constitute a significant improvement over the implementation of the existing CVA, MIICA and CCDM methods at the two study areas while using Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2A images.
From least action in electrodynamics to magnetomechanical energy -- a review
Creators: name: Essen, Hanno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The equations of motion for electromechanical systems are traced back to the fundamental Lagrangian of particles and electromagnetic fields, via the Darwin Lagrangian. When dissipative forces can be neglected the systems are conservative and one can study them in a Hamiltonian formalism. The central concepts of generalized capacitance and inductance coefficients are introduced and explained. The problem of gauge independence of self-inductance is considered. Our main interest is in magnetomechanics, i.e. the study of systems where there is exchange between mechanical and magnetic energy. This throws light on the concept of magnetic energy, which according to the literature has confusing and peculiar properties. We apply the theory to a few simple examples: the extension of a circular current loop, the force between parallel wires, interacting circular current loops, and the rail gun. These show that the Hamiltonian, phase space, form of magnetic energy has the usual property that an equilibrium configuration corresponds to an energy minimum.
description: 29 pages, 9 figures, 65 references
Operational solar flare prediction model using Deep Flare Net
Creators: name: Nishizuka, Naoto
name: Kubo, Yuki
name: Sugiura, Komei
name: Den, Mitsue
name: Ishii, Mamoru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We developed an operational solar flare prediction model using deep neural networks, named Deep Flare Net (DeFN). DeFN can issue probabilistic forecasts of solar flares in two categories, such as >=M-class and =C-class and =M-class flares and TSS = 0.63 for >=C-class flares. For comparison, we evaluated the operationally forecast results from January 2019 to June 2020. We found that operational DeFN forecasts achieved TSS = 0.70 (0.84) for >=C-class flares with the probability threshold of 50 (40)%, although there were very few M-class flares during this period and we should continue monitoring the results for a longer time. Here, we adopted a chronological split to divide the database into two for training and testing. The chronological split appears suitable for evaluating operational models. Furthermore, we proposed the use of time-series cross-validation. The procedure achieved TSS = 0.70 for >=M-class flares and 0.59 for >=C-class flares using the datasets obtained from 2010 to 2017.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables, online published in EPS
Production des cannabinoïdes et contrôle du sexe chez le chanvre (Cannabis sativa L.)
Creators: name: Ennabili, Abdeslam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Botany
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60203 Ecological Physiology
subject: Economics
subject: Geography

description: The hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) was known since an immemorial time. Medical and economic virtues ( traditional medicine, textile fibers and oil of seeds)and drug are the main factorsof its greatdistribution.Althoughit is easily to identify, this species was widely studied because of its high variability according to circumstances of climate which influence on its cannabinoïdes and fibers production. Anterior works related with sex determination have pointed up a vast range of sexual types. Preliminary observations of caryotype and sex-ratio in cultivated hemp from the Rif (N of Morocco) which is a resin type, have not shown a particular variation in comparison with cultivated varieties in other countries.
A laboratory study of the reading habits of Spanish-speaking children
Creators: name: Knight, James, 1895-1965
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1931
Subjects: subject: Spanish-speaking children
subject: Reading habits
subject: Reading eye tracking
subject: Children's reading habits
subject: Mexican American children
subject: Eye tracking
subject: Physiology of reading
subject: Children's books and reading
subject: Foreign language reading
subject: Children's foreign language reading
subject: English reading
subject: Spanish speakers
subject: Eye movement study
subject: Mexican American children--Books and reading--Physiological aspects
subject: Reading (Elementary)--Physiological aspects
subject: Eye tracking--Research
subject: English language--Study and teaching (Primary)--Spanish speakers
subject: English language--Study and teaching (Elementary)--Foreign speakers

description: The eye-movement technique has been used in several studies of the reading of foreign languages. The present research, however, is believed to be the first application of the technique to a study of the reading habits of children who learn to speak one language and have their first, and in many cases all of their subsequent reading instruction in another language. Spanish-speaking children were chosen as subjects for the research for two reasons: first, because children of this language group who fulfill the conditions of the study are found in large numbers in the city of Austin; and second, the choice of these children is in line with other researches dealing with the education of Spanish-speaking children which are now being carried on in the University of Texas
Measurement Crosstalk Errors in Cloud-Based Quantum Computing
Creators: name: Seo, Seungchan
name: Bae, Joonwoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum technologies available currently contain noise in general, often dubbed noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) systems. We here present the verification of noise in measurement readout errors in cloud-based quantum computing services, IBMQ and Rigetti, by directly performing quantum detector tomography, and show that there exist measurement crosstalk errors. We provide the characterization and the quantification of noise in a quantum measurement of multiple qubits. We remark that entanglement is found as a source of crosstalk errors in a measurement of three qubits.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, To be published in IEEE Internet Computing
title: Hegel, Nietzsche, and the Postmodern Teleological Impasse
Creators: name: Tarpey, Michael P.
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: Our postmodern intellectual climate is characterized by two apparently contradictory impulses. One seeks to undermine, unmask, and deflate the pretenses of philosophy as traditionally conceived. The result is a focus on difference, surfaces, and fragmentation. The competing impulse seeks to reconcile, integrate, and synthesize. The result is a holistic focus on deeper similarities behind surface differences. I argue that these competing impulses can be traced back to Hegel and Nietzsche. Thus, an understanding of the relationship between these two thinkers can illuminate our current postmodern condition. I argue that Nietzsche and Hegel are remarkably similar in their approach to many philosophical problems. Their main disagreement concerns teleology. No thinker in history more completely embraces teleology than Hegel, and no thinker in history more thoroughly denounces it than Nietzsche. This divide remains with us in the form of the apparently contradictory impulses that characterize postmodernity. After briefly examining the western genesis of teleological thinking in the thought of Aristotle I examine Hegel's affirmation and Nietzsche's rejection of teleology. I argue that both Hegel's radical affirmation and Nietzsche's radical rejection are inappropriate and ultimately the result of a model of speculative metaphysical theorizing that should be rejected. I present Ken Wilber's system as an alternative. His system, I argue, avoids the problems that plague both approaches and the warring impulses that spring from them. In this way his thought represents an overcoming of the postmodern teleological impasse.
Untitled Item
Creators: name: Ennabili, Abdeslam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Botany
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60203 Ecological Physiology
subject: Economics
subject: Geography

description: The hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) was known since an immemorial time. Medical and economic virtues ( traditional medicine, textile fibers and oil of seeds)and drug are the main factorsof its greatdistribution.Althoughit is easily to identify, this species was widely studied because of its high variability according to circumstances of climate which influence on its cannabinoïdes and fibers production. Anterior works related with sex determination have pointed up a vast range of sexual types. Preliminary observations of caryotype and sex-ratio in cultivated hemp from the Rif (N of Morocco) which is a resin type, have not shown a particular variation in comparison with cultivated varieties in other countries.
On a characterization of critical points of the scalar curvature functional
Creators: name: Nikonorov, Yu. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C25, 53C30, 17B20

description: This is an English translation of the following paper, published several years ago: Nikonorov Yu.G. On a characterization of critical points of the scalar curvature functional (Russian), Tr. Rubtsovsk. Ind. Inst., 7, 211-217 (2000), Zbl. 0956.53033. All inserted footnotes provide additional information related to the mentioned problem.
description: This is an English translation of the following paper, published several years ago: Nikonorov Yu.G. On a characterization of critical points of the scalar curvature functional (Russian), Tr. Rubtsovsk. Ind. Inst., 7, 211-217 (2000), Zbl. 0956.53033. All inserted footnotes provide additional information related to the mentioned problem
Ultrafast laser interaction with transparent multi-layer SiO2/Si3N4 films
Creators: name: Ricca, R.
name: Boureau, V.
name: Bellouard, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the use of ultrafast lasers exposure to induce localized crystallization and elemental redistribution in amorphous dielectric multi-layers, composed of alternating Si3N4and SiO2layers of sub-micron thickness. Specifically,we report on the occurrence of a laser-induced elemental intermixing process and on the presence of silicon nanocrystals clusters localized within the multi-layers structure. The spatial distribution of these clusters goes significantly beyond the zone under direct laser exposure providing evidences of energy being channeled transversely to the laser propagation axis at the interface of the nanoscale layers. Thanks to the extreme conditions reigning during laser exposure, this process transposed to various materials may offer a pathway for local and selective crystallization of a variety of compounds and phases, difficult to obtain otherwise.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures. The following article has been submitted to Journal of Applied Physics. After it is published, it will be found at https://publishing.aip.org/resources/librarians/products/journals/
Diagnosing the ‘at risk’ fetus: an ethnographic study of practice following women’s reports of altered fetal movement
Creators: name: Clark, Julia A.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Poorly-managed episodes of altered fetal movement have been highlighted as a key contributor to avoidable stillbirth. NHS England’s 2016 Saving Babies’ Lives Care Bundle included recommendations for the management of altered fetal movement. Despite a 20% reduction in the stillbirth rate over the period in which the Care Bundle was implemented, the benefits of a policy that promotes awareness of fetal movement remain unproven.This ethnographic study used observation, interviews, and document analysis at two UK maternity units to learn about clinicians’ practice, perspectives and experiences in relation to altered fetal movement. Drawing on work from the sociology of diagnosis, I analysed fieldnotes, interview transcripts, maternity notes and clinical guidelines to identify important influences and themes.Overall, practice relating to fetal movement appeared remarkably consistent and ‘by the book’. However, there were challenges and tensions in this area of care, including doubts about the symptom’s reliability, conflicting evidence of fetal activity and wellbeing, and the uncertain effects of regular monitoring and induction of labour. This account provides novel insight into a range of influences on fetal movement practice, and considers how a high level of adherence to guidelines has been achieved, despite some clinicians’ doubts about the benefits and costs of the current approach. It is proposed that a strong fear of stillbirth can have a facilitative or obstructive effect on clinicians’ adherence to clinical guidelines, depending on whether their content recommends a greater or lesser interventionist approach. There is a clear case for exploring strategies to make clinicians feel personally ‘safe’ as they make important decisions about whether, when and how to intervene in a pregnancy, often working with uncertain data in the notoriously ‘risky’ field of obstetrics.
A search for steep spectrum radio relics and halos with the GMRT
Creators: name: van Weeren, R. J.
name: Rottgering, H. J. A.
name: Bruggen, M.
name: Cohen, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: Diffuse radio emission, in the form of radio halos and relics, traces regions in clusters with shocks or turbulence, probably produced by cluster mergers. Some models of diffuse radio emission in clusters indicate that virtually all clusters should contain diffuse radio sources with a steep spectrum. External accretion shocks associated with filamentary structures of galaxies could also accelerate electrons to relativistic energies and hence produce diffuse synchrotron emitting regions. Here we report on Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) observations of a sample of steep spectrum sources from the 74 MHz VLSS survey. These sources are diffuse and not associated with nearby galaxies. Aims: The main aim of the observations is to search for diffuse radio emission associated with galaxy clusters or the cosmic web. Methods: We carried out GMRT 610 MHz continuum observations of unidentified diffuse steep spectrum sources. Results: We have constructed a sample of diffuse steep spectrum sources, selected from the 74 MHz VLSS survey. We identified eight diffuse radio sources probably all located in clusters. We found five radio relics, one cluster with a giant radio halo and a radio relic, and one radio mini-halo. By complementing our observations with measurements from the literature we find correlations between the physical size of relics and the spectral index, in the sense that smaller relics have steeper spectra. Furthermore, larger relics are mostly located in the outskirts of clusters while smaller relics are located closer to the cluster center.
description: 20 pages, 26 figures, accepted for publication in A&A on October 7, 2009