cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Domain Word Translation by Space-Frequency Analysis of Context Length Histograms
Creators: name: Fung, Pascale
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1996
Subjects: Computer science
Information technology

description: We report a new statistical feature relating a bilingual word pair in a non-parallel English-Chinese corpus. It is found that the lengths of context segments of a word is closely correlated to that of its translation, even when the corpus is non-parallel, i.e., monolingual texts which are not translations of each other. The context segment length histogram of a word has a characteristic pattern and corresponds to that of its translation. If a word appears most frequently in long segments, its translation is found to be most likely occurring in long segments. One way to match these histograms is to first extract their salient shape characteristics by space-frequency analysis and then match them against each other using dynamic time warping. The results of matching can be used in combination with other statistical features to bootstrap a word or term translation algorithm from non-parallel corpora.
HOPE VI: the Transition from Blight to Alright
Creators: name: Eitches, Eliana Rae
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Public administration
Regional planning

description: Whereas HOPE VI is intended to be a program to ease the burden for low- and very-low income persons, opponents argue that it consequently “reduces housing for poor people while creating more housing for wealthier people.” Thus, it is contended that HOPE VI’s impact on the poor, a predominately minority class, is as detrimental to the racist policies of Urban Renewal. Other critics maintain that HOPE VI mixed-income developments, because of their abundant amenities targeted at increasing its attractiveness to those above the lowest income echelon, will not reduce the per-unit subsidy of low-income units.
Inherited retinal diseases are the most common cause of blindness in the working-age population in Australia
Creators: name: Jeffery, Rachael C. Heath
name: Mukhtar, Syed Aqif
name: McAllister, Ian L.
name: Morgan, William H.
name: Mackey, David A.
name: Chen, Fred K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Background: This study examined the frequency of inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) as the reason for blindness registrations over the last two decades and the demographic and clinical phenotypes of inherited retinal disease (IRD)-related registrations. Materials and methods: Retrospective, observational study of individuals registered with a state-wide blind and vision-impaired registry. Low-vision or blindness-only (≤20/200 or ≤20°) certificates issued to children (0-15 years), working-age (16-64 years) and older-age (65 and older) adults were assessed. Sex and age distributions were examined for the top 20 reasons for certification. Demographic and clinical features of specific phenotypes of IRDs listed in the registry were examined. Results: Amongst 11824 low-vision certificates issued between July 1995 and January 2017, 679 (5.7%) listed an IRD as the reason for registration. In individuals with blindness-only certification (N=4919), IRDs was the second most common diagnosis (8.3%), overtaking glaucoma (8.1%) and diabetic retinopathy (5.4%). IRD was the second most common reason for low-vision certification amongst children (11.6%) and the most common reason amongst working-age population (23.3%). The mean±SD age for IRD-related blindness-only certification was 46±20 years. The top three phenotypes of IRD-related low-vision certification were non-syndromic retinitis pigmentosa (54%), Stargardt disease (12%) and macular dystrophy (8%). Conclusion: Our findings of IRDs as a common cause of blindness in all ages justify continued funding for providing low-vision services and developing treatments for these conditions.
Learning the Latent Semantics of a Concept from its Deﬁnition
Creators: name: Guo, Weiwei
name: Diab, Mona
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Computer science
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: In this paper we study unsupervised word sense disambiguation (WSD) based on sense deﬁnition. We learn low-dimensional latent semantic vectors of concept deﬁnitions to construct a more robust sense similarity measure wmfvec. Experiments on four all-words WSD data sets show signiﬁcant improvement over the baseline WSD systems and LDA based similarity measures, achieving results comparable to state of the art WSD systems.
Modeling Sentences in the Latent Space
Creators: name: Guo, Weiwei
name: Diab, Mona
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Computer science
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: Sentence Similarity is the process of computing a similarity score between two sentences. Previous sentence similarity work finds that latent semantics approaches to the problem do not perform well due to insufficient information in single sentences. In this paper, we show that by carefully handling words that are not in the sentences (missing words), we can train a reliable latent variable model on sentences. In the process, we propose a new evaluation framework for sentence similarity: Concept Definition Retrieval. The new framework allows for large scale tuning and testing of Sentence Similarity models. Experiments on the new task and previous data sets show significant improvement of our model over baselines and other traditional latent variable models. Our results indicate comparable and even better performance than current state of the art systems addressing the problem of sentence similarity.
Semantic Topic Models: Combining Word Distributional Statistics and
Dictionary Deﬁnitions
Creators: name: Guo, Weiwei
name: Diab, Mona
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Computer science

description: In this paper, we propose a novel topic model based on incorporating dictionary deﬁnitions. Traditional topic models treat words as surface strings without assuming predeﬁned knowledge about word meaning. They infer topics only by observing surface word co-occurrence. However, the co-occurred words may not be semantically related in a manner that is relevant for topic coherence. Exploiting dictionary
deﬁnitions explicitly in our model yields a better understanding of word semantics leading to better text modeling. We exploit WordNet as a lexical resource for sense deﬁnitions. We show that explicitly modeling word deﬁnitions helps improve performance signiﬁcantly over the baseline for a text categorization task.
Corneal curvature-associated MTOR variant differentiates mild myopia from high myopia in Han Chinese population
Creators: name: Yuan, Xiang-Ling
name: Zhang, Riping
name: Zheng, Yuqian
name: Sun, Lixia
name: Wang, Geng
name: Chen, Shaowan
name: Xu, Yanxuan
name: Chen, Shao-Lang
name: Qiu, Kunliang
name: Ng, Tsz Kin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Myopia is the most prevalent ocular disorder in the world, and corneal parameters have been regarded as key ocular biometric parameters determining the refractive status. Here, we aimed to determine the association of genome-wide association study-identified corneal curvature (CC)-related gene variants with different severity of myopia and ocular biometric parameters in Chinese population. Total 2,101 unrelated Han Chinese subjects were recruited, including 1,649 myopia and 452 control subjects. Five previously reported CC-associated gene variants (PDGFRA, MTOR, WNT7B, CMPK1 and RBP3) were genotyped by TaqMan assay, and their association with different myopia severity and ocular biometric parameters were evaluated. Joint additive effect analysis showed that MTOR rs74225573 paired with PDGFRA rs2114039 (P = .009, odds ratio (OR) = 4.91) or CMPK1 rs17103186 (P = .002, OR = 13.03) were significantly associated with higher risk in mild myopia. Critically, mild myopia subjects had significantly higher frequency in MTOR rs74225573 C allele than high myopia subjects (P = .003), especially in male subjects (P = .001, OR = 0.49). High myopia subjects carrying MTOR rs74225573 C allele have significant flatter CC (P = .035) and longer corneal radius (P = .044) than those carrying TT genotype. This study revealed that male high myopia subjects are more prone to carry CC-related MTOR rs74225573 T allele, whereas mild myopia subjects are prone to carry the C allele. MTOR rs7422573 variant could be a genetic marker to differentiate mild from high myopia in risk assessment. ACD: anterior chamber depth; AL: axial length; AL/CR: axial length/corneal radius ratio; ANOVA: analysis of variance; CC: corneal curvature; CCT: central corneal thickness; C.I.: confidence interval; CMPK1: cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 1; CR: corneal radius; D: diopter; GWAS: genome-wide association studies; HWE: Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium; LT: lens thickness; MIPEP: mitochondrial intermediate peptidase; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; OR: odds ratio; PDGFRA: platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α; RBP3: retinol-binding protein 3; SD: standard deviation; SE: spherical equivalence; SNTB1: syntrophin beta 1; VCD: vitreous chamber depth; VIPR2: vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor 2; WNT7B: wingless/integrated family member 7B.
Identifying Agreement and Disagreement in Conversational Speech: Use of Bayesian Networks to Model Pragmatic Dependencies
Creators: name: Galley, Michel
name: McKeown, Kathleen
name: Hirschberg, Julia Bell
name: Shriberg, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: We describe a statistical approach for modeling agreements and disagreements in conversational interaction. Our approach first identifies adjacency pairs using maximum entropy ranking based on a set of lexical, durational, and structural features that look both forward and backward in the discourse. We then classify utterances as agreement or disagreement using these adjacency pairs and features that represent various pragmatic influences of previous agreement or disagreement on the current utterance. Our approach achieves 86.9% accuracy, a 4.9% increase over previous work.
Characterizing the AC-MOT
Creators: name: Anholm, Melissa
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Magneto-Optical Traps (MOTs) have long been used to produce samples of cold trapped neutral atoms, which can be used in the measurement of a variety of physical quantities and theories. Until recently, one limitation of this type of trap was the necessity for the presence of a relatively large magnetic field which would decay only slowly after the trapping mechanism was turned off. This residual magnetic field is expected to partially destroy any atomic polarization induced, for example, by optical pumping. As a result, the precision of any physical measurement which requires polarization is limited. We will discuss the construction of our version of a newer type of MOT, the AC-MOT [2], which is designed specifically so as to minimize residual magnetic fields. We have found that our AC-MOT has lifetimes and cloud sizes similar to those we measured in our DC-MOT. We intend to use a trap similar to this in upcoming nuclear beta decay parity-violation measurements. We also discuss the numerical evolution of the optical Bloch equations in the presence of transverse and longitudinal magnetic fields, so as to quantify the effect of a magnetic field on atomic polarization.
Resonance Broadening and Heating of Charged Particles in Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence
Creators: name: Lynn, Jacob W.
name: Parrish, Ian J.
name: Quataert, Eliot
name: Chandran, Benjamin D. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The heating, acceleration, and pitch-angle scattering of charged particles by MHD turbulence are important in a wide range of astrophysical environments, including the solar wind, accreting black holes, and galaxy clusters. We simulate the interaction of high-gyrofrequency test particles with fully dynamical simulations of subsonic MHD turbulence, focusing on the parameter regime with beta ~ 1, where beta is the ratio of gas to magnetic pressure. We use the simulation results to calibrate analytical expressions for test particle velocity-space diffusion coefficients and provide simple fits that can be used in other work. The test particle velocity diffusion in our simulations is due to a combination of two processes: interactions between particles and magnetic compressions in the turbulence (as in linear transit-time damping; TTD) and what we refer to as Fermi Type-B (FTB) interactions, in which charged particles moving on field lines may be thought of as beads spiralling around moving wires. We show that test particle heating rates are consistent with a TTD resonance which is broadened according to a decorrelation prescription that is Gaussian in time. TTD dominates the heating for v_s >> v_A (e.g. electrons), where v_s is the thermal speed of species s and v_A is the Alfven speed, while FTB dominates for v_s << v_A (e.g. minor ions). Proton heating rates for beta ~ 1 are comparable to the turbulent cascade rate. Finally, we show that velocity diffusion of collisionless, large gyrofrequency particles due to large-scale MHD turbulence does not produce a power-law distribution function.
description: 20 pages, 15 figures; accepted by The Astrophysical Journal; added clarifying appendices, but no major changes to results
Characterization of maize producing households in the northern region of Ghana
Creators: name: Wiredu, Alexander Nimo
name: Gyasi, Kadir Osman
name: Tahirou Abdoulaye
name: Diakalia Sanogo
name: Langyintuo, Augustine
Publisher: name: Gates Open Research
Year: 2019

description: Characterization of maize producing households in the northern region of Ghana
What’s in a Translation Rule?
Creators: name: Galley, Michel
name: Hopkins, Mark
name: Knight, Kevin
name: Marcu, Daniel
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: We propose a theory that gives formal semantics to word-level alignments defined over parallel corpora. We use our theory to introduce a linear algorithm that can be used to derive from word-aligned, parallel corpora the minimal set of syntactically motivated transformation rules that explain human translation data.
Principles and Techniques of Schlieren Imaging Systems
Creators: name: Mazumdar, Amrita
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Computer science

description: This paper presents a review of modern-day schlieren optics system and its application. Schlieren imaging systems provide a powerful technique to visualize changes or nonuniformities in refractive index of air or other transparent media. With the popularization of computational imaging techniques and widespread availability of digital imaging systems, schlieren systems provide novel methods of viewing transparent fluid dynamics. This paper presents a historical background of the technique, describes the methodology behind the system, presents a mathematical proof of schlieren fundamentals, and lists various recent applications and advancements in schlieren studies.
Corneal ectasia associated with posterior lamellar opacification
Creators: name: Yung, Madeline
name: Chen, Angela C.
name: Chung, Doug D.
name: Barrington, Alice
name: Zhang, Junwei
name: Frausto, Ricardo F.
name: Magalhaes, Otavio A.
name: Aldave, Anthony J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Concomitant corneal ectasia and posterior lamellar corneal opacification is rare, and the genetic relationship between these two conditions is unclear. We report the genetic and clinical characterization of this phenotype in three unrelated individuals. One previously reported affected individual and two unreported, unrelated, affected individuals were recruited for the study. Subjects and unaffected relatives underwent slit lamp examination, refraction, and multi-modal imaging. Saliva samples were obtained from two of the three affected individuals, from which DNA was extracted. Sanger sequencing was performed to identify mutations in genes associated with posterior amorphous corneal dystrophy (PACD), brittle cornea syndrome (BCS), and posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy (PPCD), while copy number variation (CNV) analysis was used to identify CNV in the PACD locus. Affected individuals demonstrated bilateral corneal steepening, stromal thinning and lamellar posterior corneal opacification. Corneal topography and tomography revealed conical or globular corneal steepening and decreased thickness. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography demonstrated hyperreflectivity of the posterior stroma in each of the affected individuals. Genetic testing did not detect a heterozygous deletion involving the PACD locus on chromosome 12 or a pathogenic mutation in the genes associated with BCS or PPCD. Corneal ectasia may be associated with posterior lamellar stromal opacification that appears consistent with PACD. However, genetic testing for PACD as well as BCS and PPCD in affected individuals fails to reveal pathogenic deletions or mutations, indicating that other genetic factors are involved.
Counterfeiting in African agriculture inputs – challenges & solutions: comprehensive findings
Creators: name: Boef, Walter De
name: Pierson, Ben
name: Kim, Dan
name: Mennel, John
name: Engle, Carl
name: Prabhala, Pradeep
name: Bryce, Joel
name: Nemo Nemeth
name: Jethani, Alyssa
name: Hoffman, Aliza
Publisher: name: Gates Open Research
Year: 2019

description: Counterfeiting in African agriculture inputs--challenges & solutions: comprehensive findings
Spin Accumulation at Ferromagnet/Non-magnetic Material Interfaces
Creators: name: Sears, M. R.
name: Saslow, W. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many proposed and realized spintronic devices involve spin injection and accumulation at an interface between a ferromagnet and a non-magnetic material. We examine the electric field, voltage profile, charge distribution, spin fluxes, and spin accumulation at such an interface. We include the effects of both screening and spin scattering. We also include both the spin-dependent chemical potentials μ_{\uparrow,\downarrow} and the effective magnetic field H* that is zero in equilibrium. For a Co/Cu interface, we find that the spin accumulation in the copper is an order of magnitude larger when both chemical potential and effective magnetic field are included. We also show that screening contributes to the spin accumulation in the ferromagnet; this contribution can be significant.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables
Mild Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) in a Western European family due to the rare Asian m.14502T>C variant in the MT-ND6 gene
Creators: name: Vandeputte, Justine
name: Van Heetvelde, Mattias
name: Van Cauwenbergh, Caroline
name: Seneca, Sara
name: De Baere, Elfride
name: Leroy, Bart P
name: De Zaeytijd, Julie
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a mitochondrial neurodegenerative disease. The majority (>90%) is related to three primary mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants: ND1 m.3460G>A, ND4 m.11778G>A and ND6 m.14484T>C. The remaining 10% is associated with >40 secondary variants with variable penetrance and incidence between different ethnic backgrounds. Five sisters underwent an extensive ophthalmic workup including psychophysical, electrophysiological, multimodal brain imaging, biochemical testing and molecular screening. MT-ND6 protein modelling was performed. A 23-year-old woman presented with acute central visual loss to counting fingers in the right eye. She developed a central visual field scotoma, severe color vision deficiencies and impaired pattern visual evoked responses. Progressive optic atrophy ensued. The left eye was unremarkable, except for borderline thinning of the temporal retinal nerve fiber layer. Alcohol use and passive smoking were noted. MtDNA analysis revealed a rare variant, m.14502T>C in MT-ND6, exclusively known to cause optic neuropathy in an Asian population. Three sisters of the proband, two of whom reported tobacco and alcohol abuse, had bilateral temporal optic disc pallor without functional impact. A fourth non-smoker sister had a completely normal eye exam. The rare Asian m.14502T>C variant in the MT-ND6 gene was linked to a mild LHON phenotype in a Western European family. Penetrance in this family was likely triggered by alcohol and tobacco abuse. A full mtDNA sequencing is warranted in the case of high clinical suspicion of LHON when mutation analysis for the three common pathogenic variants is negative.
Interplay of Neutrino Opacities in Core-collapse Supernova Simulations
Creators: name: Lentz, Eric J.
name: Mezzacappa, Anthony
name: Messer, O. E. Bronson
name: Hix, W. Raphael
name: Bruenn, Stephen W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have conducted a series of numerical experiments using spherically symmetric, general relativistic, neutrino radiation hydrodynamics with the code Agile-BOLTZTRAN to examine the effects of modern neutrino opacities on the development of supernova simulations. We test the effects of opacities by removing opacities or by undoing opacity improvements for individual opacities and groups of opacities. We find that improvements to electron capture (EC) on nuclei, namely EC on an ensemble of nuclei using modern nuclear structure models rather than the simpler independent-particle approximation (IPA) for EC on a mean nucleus, plays the most important role during core collapse of all tested neutrino opacities. Low-energy neutrinos emitted by modern nuclear EC preferentially escape during collapse without the energy downscattering on electrons required to enhance neutrino escape and deleptonization for the models with IPA nuclear EC. During shock breakout the primary influence on the emergent neutrinos arises from NIS on electrons. For the accretion phase, non-isoenergetic scattering on free nucleons and pair emission by $e^+e^-$ annihilation have the largest impact on the neutrino emission and shock evolution. Other opacities evaluated, including nucleon--nucleon bremsstrahlung and especially neutrino--positron scattering, have little measurable impact on neutrino emission or shock dynamics. Modern treatments of nuclear electron capture, $e^+e^-$-annihilation pair emission, and non-isoenergetic scattering on electrons and free nucleons are critical elements of core-collapse simulations of all dimensionality.
description: 12 pages, 15 figures, revised, accepted to ApJ
Restoring Punctuation and Capitalization in Transcribed Speech
Creators: name: Gravano, Agustin
name: Jansche, Martin
name: Bacchiani, Michiel
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Computer science

description: Adding punctuation and capitalization greatly improves the readability of automatic speech transcripts. We discuss an approach for performing both tasks in a single pass using a purely text-basedn-gram language model. We study the effect on performance of varying the n-gram order (from n = 3 to n = 6) and the amount of training data (from 58 million to
55 billion tokens). Our results show that using larger training data sets consistently improves performance, while increasing the n-gram order does not help nearly as much.
Tunneling without barriers with gravity
Creators: name: Kanno, Sugumi
name: Sasaki, Misao
name: Soda, Jiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the vacuum decay of the flat Minkowski space to an anti-de Sitter space. We find a one-parameter family of potentials that allow exact, analytical instanton solutions describing tunneling without barriers in the presence of gravity. In the absence of gravity such instantons were found and discussed by Lee and Weinberg more than a quarter of a century ago. The bounce action is also analytically computed. We discuss possible implications of these new instantons to cosmology in the context of the string theory landscape.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, references added, published version
A Formal Model for Information Selection in Multi-Sentence Text Extraction
Creators: name: Filatova, Elena
name: Hatzivassiloglou, Vasileios
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: Selecting important information while accounting for repetitions is a hard task for both summarization and question answering. We propose a formal model that represents a collection of documents in a two-dimensional space of textual and conceptual units with an associated mapping between these two dimensions. This representation is then used to describe the task of selecting textual units for a summary or answer as a formal optimization task. We provide approximation algorithms and empirically validate the performance of the proposed model when used with two very different sets of features, words and atomic events.
Expanding the clinical spectrum and management of traboulsi syndrome: report on two siblings homozygous for a novel pathogenic variant in ASPH
Creators: name: Van Hoorde, Tom
name: Nerinckx, Fanny
name: Kreps, Elke
name: Roels, Dimitri
name: Huyghe, Philippe
name: Van Heetvelde, Mattias
name: Verdin, Hannah
name: De Baere, Elfride
name: Balikova, Irina
name: Leroy, Bart P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Background: Traboulsi syndrome is a very rare, syndromic form of ectopia lentis that is potentially sight-threatening at a young age. It is characterized by typical facial, skeletal and ocular signs. Materials and Methods: Two siblings, born to consanguineous parents, with a clinical phenotype consistent with Traboulsi syndrome, underwent extensive ophthalmic imaging and exome-based genetic testing. Both were treated with unilateral clear lens extraction via a limbal approach. Results: Two siblings, one male and one female, presented with systemic and ocular features consistent with Traboulsi syndrome. Lens subluxation was present in all 4fouraffected eyes, and spontaneous subconjunctival bleb formation was detected in one eye. This eye also showed evidence of keratoconus-related corneal thinning. The clinical diagnosis of Traboulsi syndrome was confirmed molecularly. A homozygous, novel, pathogenic nonsense variant was identified in exon 25 of the ASPH gene: c.2181_2183dup, p.(Val727_Trp728insTer). Excellent visual outcomes following clear lens extraction and postoperative rigid gas-permeable contact lens fitting were obtained. Conclusions: We expanded the genetic spectrum of Traboulsi syndrome with a novel frameshift variant in the ASPH gene. We showed that lensectomy followed by gas-permeable contact lenses is an efficient therapeutic approach to treat lens subluxation in Traboulsi syndrome. However, lifelong follow-up is crucial to avoid (late) postoperative complications.
Compiling Bilingual Lexicon Entries From a Non-Parallel English-Chinese Corpus
Creators: name: Fung, Pascale
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1995
Subjects: Computer science
Information technology

description: We propose a novel context heterogeneity similarity measure between words and their translations in helping to compile bilingual lexicon entries from a non-parallel English-Chinese corpus. Current algorithms for bilingual lexicon compilation rely on occurrence frequencies, length or positional statistics derived from parallel texts. There is little correlation between such statistics of a word and its translation in non-parallel corpora. On the other hand, we suggest that words with productive context in one language translate to words with productive context in another language, and words with rigid context translate into words with rigid context. Context heterogeneity measures how productive the context of a word is in a given domain, independent of its absolute occurrence frequency in the text. Based on this information, we derive statistics of bilingual word pairs from a non-parallel corpus. These statistics can be used to bootstrap a bilingual dictionary compilation algorithm.
The super fixed point property for asymptotically nonexpansive mappings
Creators: name: Wiśnicki, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 47H09, 47H10, Secondary 46B08

description: We show that the super fixed point property for nonexpansive mappings and for asymptotically nonexpansive mappings in the intermediate sense are equivalent. As a consequence, we obtain fixed point theorems for asymptotically nonexpansive mappings in uniformly nonsquare and uniformly noncreasy Banach spaces. The results are generalized for commuting families of asymptotically nonexpansive mappings.
Situating America’s Russian-speaking Refugees and Immigrants: Transnational and National Disciplinary Contexts
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Russians--Migrations
Russian Americans--Ethnic identity
Jews, America
Emigration and immigration

description: Kasinitz will discuss the place of contemporary (that is, 1980) Russian speaking migration to the United States in the context of the larger changes in the American immigration scene. We will compare this migration to previous Russian speaking migrations, in terms of their cultural impacts, the context of reception in the US and their continuing transnational ties to communities in the former Soviet Union and elsewhere (i.e. Israel, Germany, etc.). Particular attention will be paid to the Russian speaking immigrant’s relationships with older, settled populations, particularly American Jews, as well as how the ways in which contemporary Russian migrants negotiate ethnic and cultural identity is distinct from yet also influenced by other contemporary migrant/exile groups (e.g., Latinos and Asians). We will review recent evidence on the question of cultural and ethnic identity among the new second generation—that is the children of Russian speaking immigrants now coming of age in the US. Most importantly, we will discuss the ways in which sociological approaches can contribute to our understandings of the group’s social, economic, political and cultural incorporation into US society as well as what an understanding of this group can contribute to transnational migration studies and diasporic studies.
Quatuor Pour Temps Incertains (Part 1: Clarinet)
Creators: name: Elia, Anthony J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Prayer

description: The “Quatuor pour temps incertains” is a Quartet for Bb Clarinet, Violin, ‘Cello, and Piano, inspired by the work “Quatuor pour la fin du temps” by Oliver Messiaen. The present work is also in 8-movements, and composed with the same instrumentation as Messiaen’s work. The parts are based on aspects of life, memory, spirit, and prayer, for example, though not directly tied to Messiaen’s biblical inspirations. The composer of the present work first got the idea to write this “Quatuor,” after reading a piece about Messiaen by clarinetist Nurhak Tuncer, for whom this was written. The 8-movements of this piece include: Part 1: Incertitude, Part 2: Fragilté, Part 3: Recherche, Part 4: E’quilibre, Part 5: Esprit, Part 6: Repos, Part 7: Prière, Part 8: Résurrection. (All individual parts for the 8 movements will be available on Academic Commons).
Surface nanoscale axial photonics: Robust fabrication of high quality factor microresonators
Creators: name: Sumetsky, M.
name: DiGiovanni, D. J.
name: Dulashko, Y.
name: Fini, J. M.
name: Liu, X.
name: Monberg, E. M.
name: Taunay, T. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently introduced Surface Nanoscale Axial Photonics (SNAP) makes it possible to fabricate high Q-factor microresonators and other photonic microdevices by dramatically small deformation of the optical fiber surface. To become a practical and robust technology, the SNAP platform requires methods enabling reproducible modification of the optical fiber radius at nanoscale. In this Letter, we demonstrate super-accurate fabrication of high Q-factor microresonators by nanoscale modification of the optical fiber radius and refractive index using the CO2 laser and the UV excimer laser beam exposures. The achieved fabrication accuracy is better than 2 angstroms in variation of the effective fiber radius.
Detecting Deception Using Critical Segments
Creators: name: Enos, Frank
name: Shriberg, Elizabeth
name: Graciarena, Martin
name: Hirschberg, Julia Bell
name: Stolcke, Andreas
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Computer science
Information technology
Communication

description: We present an investigation of segments that map to GLOBAL LIES, that is, the intent to deceive with respect to salient topics of the discourse. We propose that identifying the truth or falsity of these CRITICAL SEGMENTS may be important in determining a speaker’s veracity over the larger topic of discourse. Further, answers to key questions, which can be identified a priori, may represent emotional and cognitive HOT SPOTS, analogous to those observed by psychologists who study gestural and facial cues to deception. We present results of experiments that use two different definitions of CRITICAL SEGMENTS and employ machine learning techniques that compensate for imbalances in the dataset. Using this approach, we achieve a performance gain of 23.8% relative to chance, in contrast with human performance on a similar task, which averages substantially below chance. We discuss the features used by the models, and consider how these ﬁndings can inﬂuence future research.
Surface spin polarization of the non-stoichiometric Heusler compound Co2Mn(alpha)Si
Creators: name: Wüstenberg, Jan-Peter
name: Cinchetti, Mirko
name: Aeschlimann, Martin
name: Minár, Jan
name: Braun, Jürgen
name: Ebert, Hubert
name: Ishikawa, Takayuki
name: Uemura, Tetsuya
name: Yamamoto, Masafumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a combined approach of spin-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, band structure and photoemission calculations we investigate the influence of bulk defects and surface states on the spin polarization of Co2Mn(alpha)Si thin films with bulk L21 order. We find that for Mn-poor alloys the spin polarization at EF is negative due to the presence of Co_Mn antisite and minority surface state contributions. In Mn-rich alloys, the suppression of Co(Mn) antisites leads to a positive spin polarization at the Fermi energy, and the influence of minority surface states on the photoelectron spin polarization is reduced.
Current Flow in Uniform Ferromagnets: Bulk and Surface Heating Rates
Creators: name: Sears, Matthew R.
name: Saslow, Wayne M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With spintronics applications in mind, we use irreversible thermodynamics to derive the rates of entropy production and heating near an interface when heat current, electric current, and spin current cross it. Associated with these currents are apparent discontinuities in temperature (ΔT), electrochemical potential (Δ\tilde μ), and spin-dependent "magnetoelectrochemical potential" (Δ\bar μ_{\uparrow,\downarrow}). This work applies to magnetic semiconductors and insulators as well as metals, due to the inclusion of the chemical potential μ, which usually is neglected in works on interfacial thermodynamic transport. We also discuss the (non-obvious) distinction between entropy production and heat production. Heat current and electric current are conserved, but spin current is not, so it necessitates a somewhat different treatment. At low temperatures or for large differences in material properties, the surface heating rate dominates the bulk heating rate near the surface. We also consider the case, noted by Rashba, where bulk spin currents occur in equilibrium. Although a surface spin current (in A/m^{2}) should yield about the same rate of heating as an equal surface electric current, production of such a spin current requires a relatively large "magnetization potential" difference across the interface.
description: 10 pages, 1 table
Jet Substructure at the Tevatron and LHC: New results, new tools, new benchmarks
Creators: name: Altheimer, A.
name: Arora, S.
name: Asquith, L.
name: Brooijmans, G.
name: Butterworth, J.
name: Campanelli, M.
name: Chapleau, B.
name: Cholakian, A. E.
name: Chou, J. P.
name: Dasgupta, M.
name: Davison, A.
name: Dolen, J.
name: Ellis, S. D.
name: Essig, R.
name: Fan, J. J.
name: Field, R.
name: Fregoso, A.
name: Gallicchio, J.
name: Gershtein, Y.
name: Gomes, A.
name: Haas, A.
name: Halkiadakis, E.
name: Halyo, V.
name: Hoeche, S.
name: Hook, A.
name: Hornig, A.
name: Huang, P.
name: Izaguirre, E.
name: Jankowiak, M.
name: Kribs, G.
name: Krohn, D.
name: Larkoski, A. J.
name: Lath, A.
name: Lee, C.
name: Lee, S. J.
name: Loch, P.
name: Maksimovic, P.
name: Martinez, M.
name: Miller, D. W.
name: Plehn, T.
name: Prokofiev, K.
name: Rahmat, R.
name: Rappoccio, S.
name: Safonov, A.
name: Salam, G. P.
name: Schumann, S.
name: Schwartz, M. D.
name: Schwartzman, A.
name: Seymour, M.
name: Shao, J.
name: Sinervo, P.
name: Son, M.
name: Soper, D. E.
name: Spannowsky, M.
name: Stewart, I. W.
name: Strassler, M.
name: Strauss, E.
name: Takeuchi, M.
name: Thaler, J.
name: Thomas, S.
name: Tweedie, B.
name: Sierra, R. Vasquez
name: Vermilion, C. K.
name: Villaplana, M.
name: Vos, M.
name: Wacker, J.
name: Walker, D.
name: Walsh, J. R.
name: Wang, L. -T.
name: Wilbur, S.
name: Zhu, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this report we review recent theoretical progress and the latest experimental results in jet substructure from the Tevatron and the LHC. We review the status of and outlook for calculation and simulation tools for studying jet substructure. Following up on the report of the Boost 2010 workshop, we present a new set of benchmark comparisons of substructure techniques, focusing on the set of variables and grooming methods that are collectively known as "top taggers". To facilitate further exploration, we have attempted to collect, harmonise, and publish software implementations of these techniques.
description: 53 pages, 17 figures. L. Asquith, S. Rappoccio, C. K. Vermilion, editors; v2: minor edits from journal revisions
Quantum channels and their entropic characteristics
Creators: name: Holevo, A. S.
name: Giovannetti, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the major achievements of the recently emerged quantum information theory is the introduction and thorough investigation of the notion of quantum channel which is a basic building block of any data-transmitting or data-processing system. This development resulted in an elaborated structural theory and was accompanied by the discovery of a whole spectrum of entropic quantities, notably the channel capacities, characterizing information-processing performance of the channels. This paper gives a survey of the main properties of quantum channels and of their entropic characterization, with a variety of examples for finite dimensional quantum systems. We also touch upon the "continuous-variables" case, which provides an arena for quantum Gaussian systems. Most of the practical realizations of quantum information processing were implemented in such systems, in particular based on principles of quantum optics. Several important entropic quantities are introduced and used to describe the basic channel capacity formulas. The remarkable role of the specific quantum correlations - entanglement - as a novel communication resource, is stressed.
description: review article, 60 pages, 5 figures, 194 references; Rep. Prog. Phys. (in press)
Funerary inscription for Nikasis, son of Aristokrates
Creators: name: Prag, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sicily
subject: epigraphy
subject: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300138808
subject: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/462492

description: TEI EpiDoc record
Measuring Scholarly Impact: The Influence of 'Altmetrics'
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Information science
Information technology

description: "Altmetrics" refers to methods of measuring scholarly impact using Web-based social media. Why does it matter? In many academic fields, attaining scholarly prestige means publishing research articles in important scholarly journals. However, many in the academic community consider a journal's prestige, which is determined by a metric calculated using the number of citations to the journal, to be a poor proxy for the quality of the individual author's work. At the same time, hiring and promotion committees are looking for ways to determine the impact of alternate formats now commonly used by researchers such as blogs, data sets, videos, and social media. The panelists all work with innovative new tools for assessing scholarly impact. They are: Jason Priem, Co-Founder, ImpactStory; Kristi Holmes, Bioinformaticist, Bernard Becker Medical Library, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine; and Caitlin Aptowicz Trasande, Head of Science Metrics, Digital Science.
LimaNatProdRes Supplemental Data.pdf
Creators: name: Lima, Maria da Paz
name: Rodrigues, Daniela Roque de Sousa
name: Santiago, Welem de Oliveira
name: Santos, Henrique Cativo dos
name: Nascimento, Claudete Catanhede do
name: Souza, João Vicente Braga de
name: Cortez, Ana Claúdia Alves
name: Jensen, Bruno Bezerra
name: Comandolli-Wyrepkowski, Claudia Dantas
name: Pereira, Antonia Maria Ramos Franco
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 30502 Natural Products Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Fractionation of the methanolic extract of Roupala montana (Aubl) wood residues (Proteaceae) provided the resorcinol derivatives bilabol 15:1 (1), ethyldehydrogravipane (2), 5-[14”-1’,3’-dihydroxyphenyl)-cis-tetradec-8’-ene-1yl] resorcinol (3), dehydrogravipane (4) and bis-norstriatol (5). Compound 2 showed potent activity against the fungi Cryptococcus neoformans and C. gattii with a MIC of 5 and 10 µg.mL-1, respectively, and also inhibited the promastigote form of Leishmania amazonensis (IC50 = 47.0 µg.mL-1).
Embeddability of snowflaked metrics with applications to the nonlinear geometry of the spaces $L_p$ and $\ell_{p}$ for $0
Creators: name: Albiac, Fernando
name: Baudier, Florent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46B80, 46A16, 46T99

description: We study the classical spaces $L_{p}$ and $\ell_{p}$ for the whole range $0
description: minor corrections and addition of a table summarizing the different embeddings
Event-Based Extractive Summarization
Creators: name: Filatova, Elena
name: Hatzivassiloglou, Vasileios
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: Most approaches to extractive summarization define a set of features upon which selection of sentences is based, using algorithms independent of the features themselves. We propose a new set of features based on low-level, atomic events that describe relationships between important actors in a document or set of documents. We investigate the effect this new feature has on extractive summarization, compared with a baseline feature set consisting of the words in the input documents, and with state-of-the-art summarization systems. Our experimental results indicate that not only the event-based features offer an improvement in summary quality over words as features, but that this effect is more pronounced for more sophisticated summarization methods that avoid redundancy in the output.