cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Hypoxia-induced TIMAP Upregulation Promotes Tumor Angiogenesis
Creators: Aburahess, Salah
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

Angiogenesis, the process of forming new blood vessels from a pre-exciting vasculature, is an essential component of embryonic development, tissue remodelling, wound healing, and tumor growth. This process is strictly regulated by a vast array of cellular signalling pathways involving kinases, phosphatases, growth factors and cytokines. Hypoxia, which is a hallmark of tumor growth, is a key trigger of angiogenesis. During tumorigenesis, neovascularization is a critical element for the tumor to promote its growth and progression. In rapidly expanding solid tumors, cancer cells in the center of the tumor become hypoxic as they grow further away from the original organ’s vasculature. In these hypoxic cancer cells, hypoxia induces several signalling cascades and stimulates release of pro-angiogenic factors which promote angiogenesis to overcome the hypoxic microenvironment and continue to survive. Several anti-angiogenic drugs that target specific angiogenic signalling pathways have proven clinically useful, although tumors frequently develop resistance to this approach. This is due to the substantial complexity and redundancy of the signalling pathways that regulate tumor angiogenesis. Therefore, thoroughly understanding these mechanisms may help to develop better anti-angiogenic approaches that more effectively inhibit tumor growth and progression by interfering with the disordered angiogenesis.

TIMAP (TGF-β-Inhibited Membrane-Associated Protein) is an endothelial cell (EC)-predominant pro-angiogenic protein that promotes EC proliferation and enhances in vitro angiogenic sprout formation. However, its angiogenic role in the in vivo setting remains unknown. Here we demonstrate that TIMAP is necessary for mouse tumor growth and angiogenesis and elucidate the mechanisms that regulate TIMAP expression in EC. We found that hypoxia, the principal stimulus of tumor angiogenesis, raises TIMAP levels in mouse lung tissues and in cultured EC. We found that repression of TIMAP expression is mediated through activation of the EC-specific Activin Receptor-Like Kinase-1 (ALK1) SMAD1/5/8 pathway and that hypoxia stimulates TIMAP expression by attenuating BMP-9-induced ALK1-mediated TIMAP inhibition. The TGF-β signalling molecule Bone Morphogenetic Protein-9 (BMP-9) potently and selectively activates the EC ALK1 SMAD1/5/8 pathway and significantly reduces TIMAP abundance. HIF-α activation and ALK1 inhibition both impede BMP-9-stimulated SMAD1/5/8 phosphorylation, and both increase EC TIMAP levels. Furthermore, we also found that the angiogenic growth factors VEGF and IGF-1 induced by HIF-α activation in hypoxic tumor cells, also enhance EC TIMAP expression by attenuating the ALK1 pathway signalling, although they also induced EC TIMAP expression through ALK1 pathway independent effects. These findings indicate that TIMAP has critical pro-angiogenic effects in EC, which may point to a new potential target for inhibition of tumor angiogenesis.
Sex as a Biological Kind: A Case of Strategic Conceptual Engineering
Creators: Rosario, Esther M
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

This dissertation is a novel application of conceptual engineering that intersects the history and philosophy of science, metaphysics, value theory and metaphilosophy. It argues for the dual thesis that human sex is a biological kind and that humans are in need of a new sex concept. This dissertation offers a metaphysical account of sex as a biological kind, arguing that sex development is an emergent biological process. It also takes a conceptual engineering approach to sex as a concept, advocating for a new concept of sex decoupled from gender. This new sex concept is called ‘nonbaptismal sex,’ which ascribes sex in terms of ranges of properties and their relations. This concept is deflationary and is engineered to satisfy social and epistemic aims. I contrast my deflationary view of sex with what I call ‘strong biological realist’ and ‘strong social constructionist’ views. I take a moderate realist/moderate social constructionist view. In so doing, I contend that although sex has an unequivocal biological basis, sex is both constituted and caused by biological and social properties and relations that have real effects. This dissertation contains six chapters. Chapter I surveys kinds of kinds, particularly natural kinds and social kinds, in order to situate my claim that sex is a biological kind. Chapter II offers my analysis of biological kinds where I specify how their biological features interact with social features. Chapter III provides a conceptual history of the biology of sex. Chapter IV presents and critcizes what I call the ‘layer cake’ model of sex development. Chapter V offers my account of sex as a biological kind. Chapter VI presents my nonbaptismal sex concept for social and epistemic aims. This dissertation aims to show that sex exists independently from gender and both can and should be conceptualized differently for ameliorative purposes.
VKI Workshop on Next-Generation High-Speed Low-Pressure Turbines
Creators: name: Lavagnoli, Sergio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Turbine
High-speed
Low-pressure
transonic
design
blade
engine
geared
turbofan
aircraft
aviation
propulsion

description: In the frame of the Clean Sky 2 project SPLEEN (SPLEEN Website), VKI organizes a three-day workshop on the high-speed low-pressure turbine technology. The low-pressure turbine is one the key technologies to power efficient Ultra-High By-Pass ratio geared turbofans. While the geared engine architecture allows a large reduction in turbine stage count and weight, the low-pressure turbine operates at transonic exit Mach numbers and low-Reynolds numbers. Within this range of operating conditions, there is limited availability of design experience and performance measurements. Leading experts from academia, industry, and government agencies have delivered keynote lectures on design methods, numerical simulation approaches and experimental research for the advancement of transonic low-pressure turbines. The workshop aims at providing the broad public with the current state of the art on the high-speed LPT technology, and a view of the challenges and requirements for its development within next-generation aircraft propulsion systems. The workshop broadcasted 15 talks of about 1 hour over the three days. Each lecture is enriched by a Q&A session for discussion with the online participants. The workshop is organized as a virtual event and was held on 21-22-23 November 2022.
description: Recordings and presentations of the workshop lectures are provided. Please note that a few presentations are not included, all lecture recordings are available.
Additional file 1 of Pulsed electromagnetic fields for post-appendicectomy pain management: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial
Creators: name: Perumal, Muralitharan
name: Abdul Latib, Aizatul Isla
name: Samy, Malarvilee Paul
name: Zainal Abidin, Mohd Rohisham bin
name: Nagandran, Elanngovan
name: Wan, Tham Sim
name: Francis, Pamela
name: Foo, Chee Yoong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary material 1. Logical framework of the study hypothesis.
Effect of magnesium ions on dielectric relaxation in semidilute DNA aqueous solutions
Creators: name: Grgičin, Danijel
name: Babić, Sanja Dolanski
name: Ivek, Tomislav
name: Tomić, Silvia
name: Podgornik, Rudi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The effect of magnesium ion Mg2+ on the dielectric relaxation of semidilute DNA aqueous solutions has been studied by means of dielectric spectroscopy in the 100 Hz-100 MHz frequency range. De Gennes-Pfeuty-Dobrynin semidilute solution correlation length is the pertinent fundamental length scale for sufficiently low concentration of added salt, describing the collective properties of Mg-DNA solutions. No relaxation fingerprint of the DNA denaturation bubbles, leading to exposed hydrophobic core scaling, was detected at low DNA concentrations, thus indicating an increased stability of the double-stranded conformation in Mg-DNA solutions as compared to the case of Na-DNA solutions. Some changes are detected in the behavior of the fundamental length scale pertaining to the single molecule DNA properties, reflecting modified electrostatic screening effects of the Odijk-Skolnick-Fixman type. All results consistently demonstrate that Mg2+ ions interact with DNA in a similar way as Na1+ ions do, their effect being mostly describable through an enhanced screening.
The Role of Cognitive Load and Spatial Abilities on Gesture Production
Creators: Bahmani, Bayimkhanim
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

Cognitive load theory posits that due to our limited cognitive resources, gestures can be used as external storage to maintain some of the information as the load increases. In this study, we used a narrative task to examine the significance of cognitive load and spatial abilities on gesture production. We designed three conditions, each with an increasing level of difficulty and predicted that the highest level of difficulty would result in the highest rate of gestures. We also investigated the role of spatial abilities, specifically spatial visualization and spatial short-term memory, measured by the Mental Rotation and Corsi Block tests. Previous studies have found that cognitive load affects representational gesture production and we expected to replicate those results. Additionally, we coded for non-representational gestures and made no predictions about their relationship to cognitive load. The results showed that higher levels of cognitive load were associated with increased rates of both representational and nonrepresentational gestures. We found no evidence for the effect of spatial abilities on either gesture type. These findings demonstrate that increased cognitive demands, such as remembering and recalling complex narratives, are associated with higher rates of gestures.
Additional file 2 of Pulsed electromagnetic fields for post-appendicectomy pain management: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial
Creators: name: Perumal, Muralitharan
name: Abdul Latib, Aizatul Isla
name: Samy, Malarvilee Paul
name: Zainal Abidin, Mohd Rohisham bin
name: Nagandran, Elanngovan
name: Wan, Tham Sim
name: Francis, Pamela
name: Foo, Chee Yoong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Material 2. AUC for pain score comparison with Wilcoxon rank sum test - results across all the 20 imputed datasets.
Estudios Preliminares Sobre el Cacomixtle Bassariscus astutus, en el Municipio de Agualeguas, Nuevo León
Creators: name: Gonzalez Saldivar, Fernando Noel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982

description: Se realizó un estudio acerca de algunos aspectos ecológicos del cacomixtle (Bassariscus astutus flavus Rhoads ), en el Municipio de Agualeguas, Nuevo León México. El area de trabajo se encuentra localizada en la región fisio gráficade la Planicie Costera del Golfo y está comprendida principalmente por Matorral Mediano Espinoso, Matorral Mediano Subinerme y Matorral Alto Subinerme. Se proporcionlaa clasificación de la especie, así como las medidas corporales y peso de 8 ejemplares y las medidas de 10 cráneos. Se establecieron los hábitos alimenticios del cacomixtle en el area de estudio, en base al análisis de 74 excrementos y 10 estómagos. De acuerdo al porcentaje de ocurrencia se obtuvieron los suguientes resultados: vegetales 41.86%, insectos 29.65%, mamí-feros 14.53%, reptiles 4.64%, aves 3.84%, arácnidos 2.91%, miriápodos 2.32% y gasterópodos .58%. Se obtuvieron algunos datos sobre sus madrigueras y se describen 5 de ellas. Los ectoparásitos encontrados corresponden a: piojos, Trichodectes canis; garrapatas, Ixodes scapularis e l. conepati; y pulgas, Pulex irritans. Los endoparásitos encontrados corresponden at nemátodos, Trichurus sp.; Delicata sp.; y Spiruridea. Acantocéfales, Oncicola sp. y céstodos no identificados. Se incluyen algunos datos sobre la acción del hombre, su importancia económica y además se propenen algunas recomendaciones.
Environmental Monitoring: Utilizing Efficient Extraction, Separation, and Detection Methods for Application in Routine and Specialized Analyses
Creators: Johnson, Trevor A
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

Environmental analysis is a field that has made significant progress in academic research over the last number of years. Whether it be sampling techniques, sample introduction, separations, or analytical instrumentation, there seems to be no shortage of ideas and innovation to improve the way that environmental analyses could be done on almost any sample type that could be thought of. Interestingly, the field of routine environmental analysis in industry is lagging far behind what we are capable of. Many methods are not only outdated, but they also do not provide the same kind of information that should be capable of them. This is despite breakthroughs that used to be thought of as belonging to “labs of the future” already existing in literature and academia. The question needs to be asked: How can analysis methods be designed so that they are immediately available to the routine environmental analysis industry?

The answer often lies in the transferability of the techniques and methods being used. Many techniques are used for environmental analyses, but this thesis will focus on adaptations of gas chromatography (GC) advancements, especially for multidimensional separations such as comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC). Time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS) is paired with GC×GC for additional identification purposes, when also paired with flame ionization detection (FID) for the most effective quantification of organic compounds. GC×GC-TOFMS is perfectly suited for the effective identification of compounds when using many types of detectors, making it ideal for non-targeted and hybrid target/non-target analysis. This thesis will also focus on a variety of extraction and sample introduction methods for analysis by GC×GC. Being able to analyze many types of samples will help make new routine analyses viable, and being able to adapt multiple methods of sample introduction to a similar method of analysis will help to achieve this viability.

The work in this thesis is designed to help streamline the process of bringing academic advancements to the routine analysis lab in a way that will be fast, economical, and easy to use. The methods designed are meant to modernize routine analysis of environmental samples. One way this is done is through the use of updated extraction methods for aqueous, solid, and headspace matrices. Another way is by introducing multidimensional chromatography and new data analysis tools for more comprehensive analyses.
Personality and Politics in the Comprehension of Gender Stereotypes
Creators: Hammond-Thrasher, Stephanie J
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

Previous research indicates that knowledge about sociocultural norms affects language processing immediately and automatically. One such example is the Stereotype Effect, where sentences containing violations of gender stereotypes take longer to read and are rated as less appropriate than sentences without these violations. Gender stereotypes are embedded in both descriptive adjectives (e.g., dominant versus submissive) and occupational role nouns (e.g., doctor versus nurse). The current study takes the first steps to investigate gender stereotype processing at the multi-sentence (i.e., discourse) level, providing an experimental exploration of the language comprehension of both noun- and adjective- level gender stereotype clashes within three-sentence short stories. Participants (N = 215) read 80 short stories pairing male/female gender stereotyped adjectives and role nouns with pronouns either congruent or incongruent with the stereotypical gender of each role noun. This reading task was followed by a yes-or-no decision as to whether the last sentence (i.e., the sentence containing the pronoun) was a sensible continuation of the vignette. In line with previous research, sociocultural world knowledge played an important role in the processing of these social pragmatic stories, where vignettes containing violations of common gender stereotypes were perceived as less sensible than stories without these violations. Importantly, this Stereotype Effect was more pronounced for violations describing male agents fulfilling feminine occupations, indicating that statements that contradict world knowledge about female gender roles have a strong influence on language comprehension. The role of this sociocultural knowledge in the comprehension of gender stereotyped language differed based on the conditions of the stereotype violations. Double stereotype violations (i.e., those at both the adjective- and noun- levels) were perceived as the least sensible, followed by noun-level violations and then adjective-level violations. This indicates that the syntactic role of a piece of gender stereotyped language predicts the degree to which a violation of its gender

influences language processing. Finally, individual differences in political ideology and Honesty-Humility predicted the processing of these stories, indicating that people possessing certain political and personality profiles may allocate more or less resources to sociocultural world knowledge during language comprehension. Notably, high degrees of conservatism predicted more sensitivity to adjective-level violations of male gender roles, while high degrees of Honesty-Humility predicted less sensitivity to gender stereotype violations overall.
Machine learning with systematic density-functional theory calculations: Application to melting temperatures of single and binary component solids
Creators: name: Seko, Atsuto
name: Maekawa, Tomoya
name: Tsuda, Koji
name: Tanaka, Isao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A combination of systematic density functional theory (DFT) calculations and machine learning techniques has a wide range of potential applications. This study presents an application of the combination of systematic DFT calculations and regression techniques to the prediction of the melting temperature for single and binary compounds. Here we adopt the ordinary least-squares regression (OLSR), partial least-squares regression (PLSR), support vector regression (SVR) and Gaussian process regression (GPR). Among the four kinds of regression techniques, the SVR provides the best prediction. In addition, the inclusion of physical properties computed by the DFT calculation to a set of predictor variables makes the prediction better. Finally, a simulation to find the highest melting temperature toward the efficient materials design using kriging is demonstrated. The kriging design finds the compound with the highest melting temperature much faster than random designs. This result may stimulate the application of kriging to efficient materials design for a broad range of applications.
Repositioning study of flubendazole for treating lung cancer and meningoencephalitis using an oral lipid nanosystem
Creators: Yukuyama, Megumi N
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

Nanoemulsions have wide application, presenting several properties such as the solubilization of poorly soluble drugs in water, promoting the increase of their bioavailability, allowing greater stability of the formulation and, due to its property as a carrier, promoting their modified release. Nanoemulsion development and optimization can be rationally performed using a suitable design of experiment (DoE). Among the processes for obtaining nanoemulsions, D-phase emulsification method (DPE) is considered advantageous because it allows the development of nanoemulsions without requiring the use of specific equipment, strict adjustment of the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance of the system, high temperatures, surfactant concentrations, or solvents. Through the combination of DPE and DoE, nanoemulsions with a mean particle size of less than 100 nm and a high concentration of the oil phase (60.0% w/w) were obtained using oil approved for oral use and which offered greater drug solubility for flubendazole (FLZ). FLZ belongs to class II of the biopharmaceutical classification system, and is a microtubule targeting agent (MTA) and candidate for drug repositioning for several diseases. In vivo trials have been performed for treating cryptococcal meningitis and malignant wounds in lung cancer: results of murine model have shown efficacy of approximately 30% in reducing fungal burden in brain and 100% of prevention in malignant wound emergence. The nontoxicity of this nanoemulsion was demonstrated in a test using an invertebrate model of Galleria mellonella. For the in vitro evaluation of the oral efficacy of this nanoemulsion, a pilot dissolution method specific to the nanoemulsion was developed, through the optimization of the biphasic method combined with the modified cylinder method. Results of drug release profile showed agreement between the results obtained in this dissolution test and the results obtained in vivo, indicating the superiority of the developed nanoemulsion compared to the drug in suspension or control, and possible mechanisms for the respective results were discussed. Additionally, review articles were published describing several mechanisms of action of MTA in lung cancer, and targeting nanostructured systems to the lymphatic system in cancer treatments. Thus, the present work indicates the potential of the nanoemulsion containing FLZ as a new drug or adjuvant drug for treating cryptococcal meningitis and lung cancer.
Additional file 3 of Pulsed electromagnetic fields for post-appendicectomy pain management: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial
Creators: name: Perumal, Muralitharan
name: Abdul Latib, Aizatul Isla
name: Samy, Malarvilee Paul
name: Zainal Abidin, Mohd Rohisham bin
name: Nagandran, Elanngovan
name: Wan, Tham Sim
name: Francis, Pamela
name: Foo, Chee Yoong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary Material 3. Sensitivity analysis using the best-case-worst-case approach.
Piezo films with adjustable anisotropic strain for bending actuators with tunable bending profiles
Creators: name: Wapler, Matthias C
name: Stürmer, Moritz
name: Brunne, Jens
name: Wallrabe, Ulrike
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method to produce in-plane polarized piezo films with a freely adjustable ratio of the strains in orthogonal in-plane directions. They can be used in piezo bending actuators with a tunable curvature profile. The strains are obtained as mean strains from a periodic polarization pattern produced by a suitable doubly interdigitated electrode structure. This mechanism is demonstrated for several examples using PZT sheets. We further discuss how this tuning and the parameters of the electrode layout affect the overall magnitude of the displacement.
description: Presentation improved, minor fixes, appendix added. Final version published in SMS. 15 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 1 of Post-stroke deficits in the anticipatory control and bimanual coordination during naturalistic cooperative bimanual action
Creators: name: Potts, Cory A.
name: Kantak, Shailesh S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1
Additional file 4 of Pulsed electromagnetic fields for post-appendicectomy pain management: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial
Creators: name: Perumal, Muralitharan
name: Abdul Latib, Aizatul Isla
name: Samy, Malarvilee Paul
name: Zainal Abidin, Mohd Rohisham bin
name: Nagandran, Elanngovan
name: Wan, Tham Sim
name: Francis, Pamela
name: Foo, Chee Yoong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4: Supplementary Material 4. Comparison of 12-hour total fentanyl use (AUC) results across all the 20 imputed datasets.
Fluctuations of the initial color fields in high energy heavy ion collisions
Creators: name: Epelbaum, Thomas
name: Gelis, Francois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the Color Glass Condensate approach to the description of high energy heavy ion collisions, one needs to superimpose small random Gaussian distributed fluctuations to the classical background field, in order to resum the leading secular terms that result from the Weibel instability, that would otherwise lead to pathological results beyond leading order. In practical numerical simulations, one needs to know this spectrum of fluctuations at a proper time $τ\ll Q_s^{-1}$ shortly after the collision, in the Fock-Schwinger gauge $A^τ=0$. In this paper, we derive these fluctuations from first principles, by solving the Yang-Mills equations linearized around the classical background, with plane wave initial conditions in the remote past. We perform the intermediate steps in light-cone gauge, and we convert the results to the Fock-Schwinger gauge at the end. We obtain simple and explicit formulas for the fluctuation modes.
description: 36 pages, 5 figures (final version, includes a brief discussion of the numerical implementation)
Planar graphene tunnel field-effect transistor
Creators: name: Katkov, V. L.
name: Osipov, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a concept for a graphene tunnel field-effect transistor. The main idea is based on the use of two graphene electrodes with zigzag termination divided by a narrow gap under the influence of the common gate. Our analysis shows that such device will have a pronounced switching effect at low gate voltage and high on/off current ratio at room temperature.
Additional file 5 of Pulsed electromagnetic fields for post-appendicectomy pain management: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial
Creators: name: Perumal, Muralitharan
name: Abdul Latib, Aizatul Isla
name: Samy, Malarvilee Paul
name: Zainal Abidin, Mohd Rohisham bin
name: Nagandran, Elanngovan
name: Wan, Tham Sim
name: Francis, Pamela
name: Foo, Chee Yoong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5: Supplementary Material 5. Best-case-worst-case analysis for 12-hour total fentanyl use.
Additional file 1 of Testosterone replacement therapy is associated with increased odds of Achilles tendon injury and subsequent surgery: a matched retrospective analysis
Creators: name: Albright, J. Alex
name: Lou, Mary
name: Rebello, Elliott
name: Ge, Jonathan
name: Testa, Edward J.
name: Daniels, Alan H.
name: Arcand, Michel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Table. All International Classifications of Disease (ICD), ninth and tenth revision and Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes used.
Land Use Adjustments Using Competitive Bidding
Creators: name: Strickland, P. Leo
name: Strickland, P. Leo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1976
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Crop Production/Industries
Land Economics/Use
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Excerpts from the report: This report discusses an administrative mechanism which can be used to either limit or stimulate agricultural production at the least government cost. Land use adjustments would be accomplished using a competitive bid system. With this system, each farmer would specify the price at which he would take land out of production or what payment would induce him to bring land back in production if needed. A competitive bid system is not new. It has been discussed for several years. Research has been conducted which indicated, it was, theoretically, the more efficient system for retiring land. However, for mechanical and political reasons a system was never been developed and implemented on a large scale basis. It is our purpose to show that a system can be developed which can meet many purposes. It can incorporate features which give consideration to any number of factors before making the final selection as to the bids to accent. To develop these features will require coordination of research of several agencies and specification of data on compatible terms.
Additional file 6 of Pulsed electromagnetic fields for post-appendicectomy pain management: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial
Creators: name: Perumal, Muralitharan
name: Abdul Latib, Aizatul Isla
name: Samy, Malarvilee Paul
name: Zainal Abidin, Mohd Rohisham bin
name: Nagandran, Elanngovan
name: Wan, Tham Sim
name: Francis, Pamela
name: Foo, Chee Yoong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 6: Supplementary Material 6. Annotated version of Figure 2.
COMPETITION IN ELECTRICITY MARKETS: RETAILERS, GENERATORS AND TECHNOLOGIES
Creators: name: CONCETTINI, SILVIA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2015

description: The objective of this thesis is to answer to three questions raised by the wave of reform in electricity industries: has retail liberalization achieved its objectives in European Union? How traditional and renewable generators compete in a liberalized market? What is the impact on congestion and zonal price differences of increased production from renewable intermittent sources in Italy? The first chapter provides a mid-term evaluation of liberalization of electricity retailing in Europe. We propose a comprehensive theory on retail liberalization and test its consistency with the practice in European Union. The analysis highlights the presence of an oligopolistic supply structure, a limited level of customer engagement in the market and asymmetries in the rate and speed of cost-pass through. The attribution of the Default/Last Resort service through an auction mechanism seems the best solution to favor the development of competition. In the second chapter we study the strategic interactions between a traditional generation technology and a renewable one characterized by an intermittent availability of capacity. We employ a modified version of the Dixit model for entry deterrence with two post entry competition settings: the Cournot framework in a two stage game and the dominant firm-competitive fringe setting in a three stage game. In both cases, the analysis suggests that the renewable generator exploits the merit order rule to crowd out the production of its rival. In the third chapter we analyze the impact of renewable generation on congestion and zonal price differences in Italy. Using a unique database we estimate two econometric models on five zonal pairings: a multinomial logit model for the occurrence and direction of congestion and an OLS model for the size of paired-price differences. The analysis shows that in an importing region the effect of a larger local renewable supply is to decrease (increase) the probability of congestion in entry (exit). Increasing renewable generation seems to have a significant impact on the islander zones, decreasing (increasing) the level of positive (negative) price differences.
SIMULATION OF ANTIHYDROGEN PRODUCTION IN AEGIS
Creators: name: SACERDOTI, MICHELE
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2018

description: L?accelerazione gravitazionale dell?antimateria prodotta da un corpo composto di materia non � mai stata misurata. Dato che la Relativit� Generale di Einstein � stata concepita prima della scoperta dell?antimateria nei raggi cosmici la validit� del Principio di Equivalenza Debole � messo in dubbio per l?antimateria in un campo di materia. Il principale obiettivo scientifico dell?esperimento AEGIS al Cern � la prima misura dell?accelerazione di gravit� dell?anti-idrogeno con una precisione dell?1 per cento. L?esperimento � molto sfidante perch� questa misurazione richiede condizioni molto stringenti per poter creare un fascio di atomi di anti-idrogeno che possano essere diretti su una superficie per evidenziare il loro comportamento gravitazionale. La presente Tesi simula il comportamento della parte principale dell?esperimento, la produzione di anti-idrogeno, per verificare se la misurazione � fattibile e suggerire possibili modifiche per aumentare il numero di atomi di anti-idrogeno prodotti. I risultati di questa tesi sono prodotti con un calcolo Montecarlo scritto in Fortran e C++, usando routine della libreria ODEINT per risolvere numericamente equazioni differenziali ordinarie. Il calcolo � basato su un trattamento semiclassico della reazione di scambio-carica che produce l?anti-idrogeno, usando un Classical Trajectory Montecarlo (CTMC) in assenza e presenza del campo magnetico di 1T presente nella zona di produzione dell?anti-idrogeno per confinare assialmente gli anti-protoni. Il risultato di questa tesi � che l?unico modo per produrre un numero sufficiente di atomi di anti-idrogeno per misurare la loro accelerazione gravitazionale � di utilizzare una targhetta di silicio verticale in trasmissione. La targhetta in riflessione della proposta inziale di AEGIS che � attualmente utilizzata
Dynamic Approximate All-Pairs Shortest Paths: Breaking the O(mn) Barrier and Derandomization
Creators: name: Henzinger, Monika
name: Krinninger, Sebastian
name: Nanongkai, Danupon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.2.0; G.2.2

description: We study dynamic $(1+ε)$-approximation algorithms for the all-pairs shortest paths problem in unweighted undirected $n$-node $m$-edge graphs under edge deletions. The fastest algorithm for this problem is a randomized algorithm with a total update time of $\tilde O(mn/ε)$ and constant query time by Roditty and Zwick [FOCS 2004]. The fastest deterministic algorithm is from a 1981 paper by Even and Shiloach [JACM 1981]; it has a total update time of $O(mn^2)$ and constant query time. We improve these results as follows: (1) We present an algorithm with a total update time of $\tilde O(n^{5/2}/ε)$ and constant query time that has an additive error of $2$ in addition to the $1+ε$ multiplicative error. This beats the previous $\tilde O(mn/ε)$ time when $m=Ω(n^{3/2})$. Note that the additive error is unavoidable since, even in the static case, an $O(n^{3-δ})$-time (a so-called truly subcubic) combinatorial algorithm with $1+ε$ multiplicative error cannot have an additive error less than $2-ε$, unless we make a major breakthrough for Boolean matrix multiplication [Dor et al. FOCS 1996] and many other long-standing problems [Vassilevska Williams and Williams FOCS 2010]. The algorithm can also be turned into a $(2+ε)$-approximation algorithm (without an additive error) with the same time guarantees, improving the recent $(3+ε)$-approximation algorithm with $\tilde O(n^{5/2+O(\sqrt{\log{(1/ε)}/\log n})})$ running time of Bernstein and Roditty [SODA 2011] in terms of both approximation and time guarantees. (2) We present a deterministic algorithm with a total update time of $\tilde O(mn/ε)$ and a query time of $O(\log\log n)$. The algorithm has a multiplicative error of $1+ε$ and gives the first improved deterministic algorithm since 1981. It also answers an open question raised by Bernstein [STOC 2013].
description: A preliminary version was presented at the 2013 IEEE 54th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science (FOCS 2013)
Explanation and Prediction of Observables using Continuum Strong QCD
Creators: name: Cloet, Ian C.
name: Roberts, Craig D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The last five years have brought considerable progress in the study of the bound-state problem in continuum quantum field theory. We highlight a subset of that progress; viz., that made within the context of Dyson Schwinger equation analyses of cold, sparse hadrons. Our focus is primarily on advances in the reliable computation, explanation and prediction of quantities that are truly measurable; but we also review aspects of a new paradigm that has condensates contained within hadrons, and explain that the asymptotic form of parton distribution amplitudes and functions are practically unreachable with terrestrial facilities. Given the pace of expansion in experiment and improvement in theory, it appears possible that the next five years will bring profound growth in our store of knowledge about hadrons and nuclei.
description: 103 pages, 34 figures. Accepted for publication in "Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics"
Detection of structural variations during liver cancer progression
Creators: name: SINHA, SHRUTI
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2015

description: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most lethal cancers in the world and accounts for the vast majority of all liver cancers. HCC develops in response to various factors including viral infections, aflatoxin, alcohol and metabolic diseases. Recent studies have highlighted substantial differences in the acquired genomic alterations depending on the causative agent. Despite such a mutagen-dependent genetic heterogeneity, HCC is almost invariably associated with an underlying inflammatory state, whose direct contribution to the acquisition of critical genomic changes is not yet clear. The aim of my PhD project has been to understand how chronic inflammation and fibrosis affect the cancer genome. We mapped the acquired genomic alterations in human and mouse HCCs induced by defects in hepatocyte biliary transporters. These HCCs arise as a result of chronic exposure to non-neutralized bile acids that cause the onset of chronic inflammation and develop into cancer in the absence of exogenous direct (viruses) or indirect (alcohol) mutagens. We first studied the mutational landscapes of human and mouse cancer genomes and found a surprisingly low number of somatic point mutations with no impairment of cancer genes. We next studied the acquisition of somatic copy number variations (CNVs) and used well-established approaches for detecting CNVs from SNP arrays and whole genome sequencing data. We also developed a novel method, GeneCNV, for the identification of CNVs from targeted re-sequencing screenings. Overall, we observed the acquisition of massive gene copy number gains and rearrangements in both human and mouse HCCs. Amplifications preferentially occurred at late stages of cancer development and frequently targeted the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway, in particular, direct regulators of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinases (JNKs). We showed that that pharmacological inhibition of JNK impairs the adenoma-to- carcinoma progression in mouse. This suggests that JNK inhibition may be a useful therapeutic approach to block HCC onset in bile salt export pump (BSEP) deficiency patients waiting for liver transplantation. Altogether, this study showed that human BSEP-HCCs and mouse Mdr2-KO HCCs acquire a similar genomic signature, thus highlighting the remarkable analogy between human and mouse tumours with similar etiopathogenesis. This genomic signature differs from that of other HCCs profiled so far, which were for the most part virus induced. This demonstrates that HCC in the absence of external agents develops through genomic alterations that can be clearly distinguished from those determined by other etiological factors.
Additional file 1 of Missense variants in CYP4B1 associated with increased risk of lung cancer among Chinese Han population
Creators: name: Yang, Yongqin
name: Yuan, Shan
name: Yan, Shouchun
name: Dong, Kuaini
name: Yang, Yonghui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1.
LIE TO ME: THE ETHICS OF TRUTH-TELLING AND DECEPTION FOR ONCOLOGY
Creators: name: ANNONI, MARCO ANGELO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2015

description: This dissertation deals with the ethics of truth telling and deception in medicine. Should clinicians tell the truth, even if the truth may cause patients irremediable psychological and physical harm? Are lies told with a benevolent intent always blameworthy? Are deception and concealment less culpable than lying? Should patients be informed that the medicine they are taking ?with so many benefits? is just a placebo? How can physicians determine, between two alternative verbal disclosures, which one provides the optimal balance between truthfulness and beneficence? In this dissertation I endeavour to elaborate an answer to these and other questions by setting forth a normative theory of truth telling and benevolent deception for medical professionals, and especially for those operating in clinical oncology. Throughout this work I defend two main ideas. First, clinicians have a duty of veracity in all their professional communications, but in exceptional cases other considerations of beneficence and compassion may override this prima facie obligation. Second, clinicians may resort to clinical deception only if they have ruled out all other truthful courses of action and would be ready to hypothetically defend and actually disclose their behavior in public. This view, I contend, has several advantages over competing accounts and provides clinicians with a practical way of approaching moral dilemmas about truth telling and deception in clinical medicine.
Additional file 1 of Potential living kidney donors’ positive experiences of an information letter from healthcare: a descriptive qualitative study
Creators: name: Lagging, Eva
name: Larsson, Kjerstin
name: Wadström, Jonas
name: Krekula, Linda Gyllström
name: Tibell, Annika
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: English translation of LD-letter.
Hegemonija v recepciji in reprezentaciji preteklosti
Creators: name: Gazvoda, Matej
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: hegemony, Early Slavs, Sclaveni, Veneti, Venetic theory, Phaethon

description: This study explores the issue of continuity between the ancient Veneti and modern Slovenians and the rest of ethnic Slovenes through an ethno-symbolic approach by using a set of formal-analytic methods and a set of discursive-analytic methods of reading – embedded into the concept of hegemony, and by doing so establishes a disciplinary role of political sciences within the science of ethnogenesology. It aims at transforming the traditional set of Venetic theories into the discursive formation of the science of ethnogenesis of the Slavs by dismissing the traditional attribution of Venetic ethnonym to the epigraphic corpus of the Atestine archaeological culture. By providing an alternative reception of ancient literary and epigraphic sources it celebrates a sporadic moment of a counter-hegemonic discourse within two sets of exhibitions that present and analyse not only the continuity between the activated referentiality of ancient statements about the Veneti and the activated referentiality of early-medieval statements about the Sclaveni, but also the ideological continuity in the activated referentiality of these two dispersions of statements with the activated referentiality of the allochthonic discourse in most modern representations of historic emergence of the early Slavs. This study considers the sporadic Sclaveni as inhabiting areas between the Danube and the Adriatic from as early a period as described by Herodotus.
Statistically preferred basis of an open quantum system: Its relation to the eigenbasis of a renormalized self-Hamiltonian
Creators: name: He, Lewei
name: Wang, Wen-ge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the problem of the basis of an open quantum system, under a quantum chaotic environment, which is preferred in view of its stationary reduced density matrix (RDM), that is, the basis in which the stationary RDM is diagonal. It is shown that, under an initial condition composed of sufficiently many energy eigenstates of the total system, such a basis is given by the eigenbasis of a renormalized self-Hamiltonian of the system, in the limit of large Hilbert space of the environment. Here, the renormalized self-Hamiltonian is given by the unperturbed self-Hamiltonian plus a certain average of the interaction Hamiltonian over the environmental degrees of freedom. Numerical simulations, performed in two models, both with the kicked rotor as the environment, give results consistent with the above analytical predictions for the limit of large environment.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures