cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Critical seismic performance assessment of concrete bridge piers designed following Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code
Creators: name: Kabir, Md Rashedul
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Performance-based design (PBD) method is gradually taking over the traditional force-based design (FBD) for designing bridges in North America. Considering the importance of bridge structures in the transportation network, quantitative performance criteria were adopted in Canadian Highway Bridge Design Code (CHBDC) in 2014 and a supplement to CHBDC 2014 was published in 2016. In this study, a lifeline bridge pier is designed following the FBD method from CHBDC 2010 and PBD approach following CHBDC 2014 and the supplement to CHBDC 2014 to understand the impression of changes in bridge design codes. The dominating performance criteria in the new supplement to CHBDC 2014 for a lifeline bridge is the maintenance of repairable damage at a seismic event of 975 years return period. The performances of the designed bridge piers are assessed using 20 near-fault ground motions through incremental dynamic analysis. Fragility curves for the bridge piers are plotted to perform the seismic vulnerability analysis of the bridge piers designed following three different alternatives. A lifeline bridge pier is also designed following PBD from CHBDC 2014 using different ASTM grade steel of varying strength and fracture elongation in combination with different concrete strength. Performances of the designed bridge piers are evaluated for site-specific ground motion suits. Moreover, the impact of changing reinforcement strength on the designed bridge piers' seismic behavior is checked by fragility analysis. PBD from the supplement to CHBDC 2014 shows the highest damage probability. Whereas, the FBD from CHBDC 2010 and the PBD from CHBDC 2014 substantially reduce the risk of damage and improve the performance of the bridge pier. Practicing high strength steel reinforcement (HSR) in PBD of bridge piers can reduce the required percentage of reinforcement by 50% compared to conventionally used Grade 60 reinforcement. Construction difficulties can be avoided due to less congestion of rebars and cost of construction can be cut down without compromising the seismic performance. Damage vulnerability related to longitudinal steel strain reduces remarkably, and the collapse performance decreases when HSR are practiced in the design of bridge piers. Incorporation of high strength concrete can marginally improve the collapse performance.
Bianchi Type I Anisotropic Universe without Big Smash Driven by Law of Variation of Hubble's Parameter
Creators: name: Yadav, Anil Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A spatially homogeneous and anisotropic Bianchi Type I universe has been studied with ω
description: 8 pages, To be published in Rom. J. Phys
Search for the IR fixed point in the Twisted Polyakov Loop scheme (II)
Creators: name: Itou, Etsuko
name: Aoyama, Tatsumi
name: Kurachi, Masafumi
name: Lin, C. -J. David
name: Matsufuru, Hideo
name: Ohki, Hiroshi
name: Onogi, Tetsuya
name: Shintani, Eigo
name: Yamazaki, Takeshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the renormalized coupling in the Twisted Polyakov loop scheme for SU(3) gauge theory coupled with $N_f=12$ fundamental fermions. To find the infrared fixed point of this theory, we focus on the step scaling function for the renormalized coupling. We take the continuum limit using the linear function of $(a/L)^2$ and a constant fit function. We find that there is a sizeable systematic error due to the choice of the continuum extrapolation function in the low energy region. We will give some directions to reduce the systematic errors.
description: 7pages, To appear in the proceedings for the 28th International Symposium on Lattice Field Field: Lattice 2010
The function and significance of middle voice verbs in the Greek New Testament
Creators: name: Smetko, Susan
Publisher: name: Australian Catholic University
Year: 2018

description: Prompted by the re-consideration of the concept of deponency for Greek verbs in recent decades, this exploration seeks to open new vistas for understanding the middle voice in the Greek New Testament. While the middle voice has often not been emphasised in NT studies, statistical data derived from morphological data bases indicate that middle verb forms appear not infrequently throughout the New Testament and therefore warrant due consideration. This study focuses on verbs with middle morphology in both present and aorist tenses in Paul’s writing in First Thessalonians and Second Corinthians. Three criteria derived from a literature survey are applied to the middle verbs in context, indicating that middle verb forms may indeed be shown to have middle function. The results thus generated are then applied to a further sample of middle verbs in Galatians to explore the exegetical implications of reading middle forms as truly middle in function. This undertaking is shown to contribute to the exegetical fecundity of a text with consequent potential to impact the theological interpretation. It is therefore proposed that the middle voice of a verb is significant, operating synergistically with the lexical sense, context and other factors encoded by verb morphology, to contribute to the understanding of a New Testament text under consideration.
title: Independent Chairman
Creators: name: Larcker, David F.
name: Tayan, Brian
Publisher: name: Corporate Governance Research Initiative
Year: 2022

description: This Research Spotlight provides a summary of the academic literature on whether companies with an independent chairman of the board exhibit better governance quality than companies with a dual chairman/CEO. It reviews the evidence of: The relation between independent chair and market value shareholder reaction to a decision to separate chairman and CEO roles, separation during the succession process, separation to improve oversight, and the impact of separation on performance. This Research Spotlight expands upon issues introduced in the Quick Guide Board of Directors: Structure and Consequences.
Dust evolution in protoplanetary disks around Herbig Ae/Be stars - The Spitzer view
Creators: name: Juhasz, A.
name: Bouwman, J.
name: Henning, Th.
name: Acke, B.
name: Ancker, M. E. van den
name: Meeus, G.
name: Dominik, C.
name: Min, M.
name: Tielens, A. G. G. M.
name: Waters, L. B. F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present mid-infrared spectra of a comprehensive set of Herbig Ae/Be stars observed with the Spitzer Space Telescope. The signal-to-noise ratio of these spectra is very high, ranging between about a hundred and several hundreds. During the analysis of these data we tested the validity of standard protoplanetary dust models and studied grain growth and crystal formation. On the basis of the analyzed spectra, the major constituents of protoplanetary dust around Herbig Ae/Be stars are amorphous silicates with olivine and pyroxene stoichiometry, crystalline forsterite and enstatite and silica. No other solid state features, indicating other abundant dust species, are present in the Spitzer spectra. Deviations of the synthetic spectra from the observations are most likely related to grain shape effects and uncertainties in the iron content of the dust grains. Our analysis revealed that larger grains are more abundant in the disk atmosphere of flatter disks than in that of flared disks, indicating that grain growth and sedimentation decrease the disk flaring. We did not find, however, correlations between the value of crystallinity and any of the investigated system parameters. Our analysis shows that enstatite is more concentrated toward the warm inner disk than forsterite, in contrast to predictions of equilibrium condensation models. None of the three crystal formation mechanisms proposed so far can alone explain all our findings. It is very likely that all three play at least some role in the formation of crystalline silicates.
description: 56 pages, 21 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Analysis of the surface proteins of "Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans" strain SP5/1 and the new, pyrite-oxidizing "Acidithiobacillus" isolate HV2/2, and their possible involvement in pyrite oxidation
Creators: name: Klingl, Andreas
name: Moissl-Eichinger, Christine
name: Wanner, Gerhard
name: Zweck, Josef
name: Huber, Harald
name: Thomm, Michael
name: Rachel, Reinhard
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: "Acidithiobacillus";Thiobacillus; Cell surface; S-layer; EPS; Pyrite; Electron microscopy; High-pressure freezing
subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Two strains of rod-shaped, pyrite-oxidizing acidithiobacilli, their cell envelope structure and their interaction with pyrite were investigated in this study. Cells of both strains, Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans strain SP5/1 and the moderately thermophilic Acidithiobacillus sp. strain HV2/2, were similar in size, with slight variations in length and diameter. Two kinds of cell appendages were observed: flagella and pili. Besides a typical Gram-negative cell architecture with inner and outer membrane, enclosing a periplasm, both strains were covered by a hitherto undescribed, regularly arranged 2-D protein crystal with p2-symmetry. In A. ferrooxidans, this protein forms a stripe-like structure on the surface. A similar surface pattern with almost identical lattice vectors was also seen on the cells of strain HV2/2. For the surface layer of both bacteria, a direct contact to pyrite crystals was observed in ultrathin sections, indicating that the S-layer is involved in maintaining this contact site. Observations on an S-layer-deficient strain show, however, that cell adhesion does not strictly depend on the presence of the S-layer and that this surface protein has an influence on cell shape. Furthermore, the presented data suggest the ability of the S-layer protein to complex Fe3+ ions, suggesting a role in the physiology of the microorganisms.
Principles of International Internet Law
Creators: name: Uerpmann-Wittzack, Robert
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Internetrecht Informationsgesellschaft
subject: 340 Recht
subject: 004 Informatik

description: Legal principles are an essential element of jurisprudence. They help to systemize, to comprehend and to further develop a legal order. Although International Internet Law is quite a new legal subject, some principles begin to evolve. The article addresses five emerging core principles of International Internet Law: (1) The principle of internet freedom, (2) the principle of privacy, (3) a modified principle of territorial jurisdiction adapted to cyberspace, (4) the principle of interstate cooperation, and (5) the principle of multi-stakeholder cooperation.
Heat conduction in deformable Frenkel-Kontorova lattices: thermal conductivity and negative differential thermal resistance
Creators: name: Ai, Bao-quan
name: Hu, Bambi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heat conduction through the Frenkel-Kontorova (FK) lattices is numerically investigated in the presence of a deformable substrate potential. It is found that the deformation of the substrate potential has a strong influence on heat conduction. The thermal conductivity as a function of the shape parameter is nonmonotonic. The deformation can enhance thermal conductivity greatly and there exists an optimal deformable value at which thermal conductivity takes its maximum. Remarkably, we also find that the deformation can facilitate the appearance of the negative differential thermal resistance (NDTR).
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
Integration of an RFID Reader to a Wireless Sensor Network and using it to Identify an Individual Carrying RFID Tags
Creators: name: Torres, Bolivar
name: Pang, Qing
name: Skelton, Gordon
name: Bridges, Scott
name: Meghanathan, Natarajan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The objective of this research is to integrate an RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) reader into a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) to authorize or keep track of people carrying RFID tags. The objective was accomplished by integrating hardware and software. The hardware consisted of two WSN nodes - the RFID node connected to one of the WSN nodes, and a computer connected to the other WSN node. For the RFID equipment, we used the SM130-EK kit, which included the RFID reader and the RFID tags; and for the WSN, we used the Synapse Network Evaluation kit, which included the two sensor nodes. The software consisted of a program module developed in Python to control the microprocessors of the nodes; and a database controlled by a simple program to manage the tag IDs of people wearing them. The WSN and RFID nodes were connected through I2C interfacing. Also, the work of sending commands to the RFID node, to make it read a tag and send it back to the computer, was accomplished by the Python code developed which also controls the data signals. At the computer, the received tag ID is evaluated with other existing tag IDs on the database, to check if that tag has authorization or not to be in the covered area. Our research has the potential of being adapted for use with secure real-time access control applications involving WSN and RFID technologies.
Gas transport and void evolution in composite prepregs
Creators: name: Kay, James
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Out-of-autoclave (OOA) processing of prepregs represents a promising low cost alternative to expensive autoclave processing, which today is the standard method for producing high-quality CFRP parts such as aerospace structures; however, OOA processes have a greater potential to experience problems with voids than autoclave processes do. Understanding the evolution of voids during the prepreg process, and the OOA prepreg process in particular, is a key to robust and low cost processing that can produce high quality composite parts with low porosity. The evolution of voids in prepregs is best understood as the result of interacting transport mechanisms during the debulk and cure processing steps. The most important such mechanisms are the in-plane flow of gasses through an interconnected network of voids, the diffusion of dissolved moisture within the resin, the sorption and desorption of moisture into and out of the resin, and the flow of resin into the void spaces. A large experimental project has been carried out to experimentally measure the effect of varying the parameters of the OOA process on the porosity levels of cured parts. The results of the experiments show that factors like part size, moisture content, and debulk time influence the porosity levels of parts produced. The governing transport mechanisms have been investigated and characterized, and a numerical model capable of simulating the simultaneous action of these interacting mechanisms is proposed. The numerical model was validated by comparison with experimental measurements of moisture content during a debulk, and it was shown that the proposed model is able to predict the measured values with reasonable accuracy. A method of estimating part porosity using the numerical model was proposed and its results were compared with the experimental results. The knowledge presented is then used to explain observed experimental results published by other authors and to suggest a novel processing technique.
La tortilla de harina de Navojoa es la más grasosa: UNAV
Creators: name: Solis Valladares, Victor Hugo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 340105
subject: Instrumental methods (excl. immunological and bioassay methods)
classificationCode: 340403
subject: Characterisation of biological macromolecules

description: Por los altos niveles de obesidad con los que se cuenta en el Estado de Sonora, el Departamento de Nutrición de la Universidad de Navojoa inició una investigación acerca de las propiedades de la tradicional tortilla de harina, obteniendo hasta el momento resultados no muy satisfactorios.
The targum (1877:May)
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Targum Association
Year: 1877

description: Some University historians indicate that the Targum was first published as an annual in 1867, but of this we have no extant evidence. In January 1869, the Targum as we now know it, made its appearance as a monthly paper that concerned itself with student “literary contributions” and college news as well as serving as a vehicle for bringing news to alumni and the general public. The newspaper, which originally was for sale, varied in frequency over the years as did its title (The Targum, Rutgers Targum, Rutgers Daily Targum, and Daily Targum). The newspaper has continuously been published since 1869 with the exception of 19 months during the second world war, between February 1944 and October 1945. The Targum was published by the students of Rutgers College, and later Rutgers University—New Brunswick represented through the years as the Targum Association, Rutgers Targum Association, and Rutgers College Targum. As a student organization, the Targum operated under the oversight of the dean of students and student government but in October 1980, the Targum became an independent college paper.
Fluctuations in the spectra of open few-body systems
Creators: name: Eiglsperger, Johannes
name: Kramer, Tobias
name: Madroñero, Javier
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical physics , Statistical physics and nonlinear systems , Quantum information and quantum mechanics
subject: 530 Physik
subject: 03.65.Yz
subject: 05.45.Mt
subject: 02.30.Ik

description: We investigate simple open few-body systems, the spectra of which exhibit fluctuating patterns, and review the conditions for the existence of an Ericson regime in deterministic, open quantum systems. A widely used criterion, the Lorentzian shape of the autocorrelation function of the spectrum, is shown to be insufficient for the occurrence of Ericson fluctuations: integrable systems or open systems that are not in the Ericson regime might display such an autocorrelation function. We also investigate the sensitivity of Ericson fluctuations on simplified models of realistic systems. In particular, we show that a simplified hydrogenic model for alkali atoms in crossed magnetic and electric fields does not yield Ericson fluctuations for a choice of the energy and field parameters where the realistic system is in the Ericson regime.
High resolution spectroscopy of methyltrioxorhenium: towards the observation of parity violation in chiral molecules
Creators: name: Stoeffler, Clara
name: Darquié, Benoît
name: Shelkovnikov, Alexander
name: Daussy, Christophe
name: Amy-Klein, Anne
name: Chardonnet, Christian
name: Guy, Laure
name: Crassous, Jeanne
name: Huet, Thérèse
name: Soulard, Pascale
name: Asselin, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Originating from the weak interaction, parity violation in chiral molecules has been considered as a possible origin of the biohomochirality. It was predicted in 1974 but has never been observed so far. Parity violation should lead to a very tiny frequency difference in the rovibrational spectra of the enantiomers of a chiral molecule. We have proposed to observe this predicted frequency difference using the two photon Ramsey fringes technique on a supersonic beam. Promising candidates for this experiment are chiral oxorhenium complexes, which present a large effect, can be synthesized in large quantity and enantiopure form, and can be seeded in a molecular beam. As a first step towards our objective, a detailed spectroscopic study of methyltrioxorhenium (MTO) has been undertaken. It is an ideal test molecule as the achiral parent molecule of chiral candidates for the parity violation experiment. For the 187Re MTO isotopologue, a combined analysis of Fourier transform microwave and infrared spectra as well as ultra-high resolution CO2 laser absorption spectra enabled the assignment of 28 rotational lines and 71 rovibrational lines, some of them with a resolved hyperfine structure. A set of spectroscopic parameters in the ground and first excited state, including hyperfine structure constants, was obtained for the antisymmetric Re=O stretching mode of this molecule. This result validates the experimental approach to be followed once a chiral derivative of MTO will be synthesized, and shows the benefit of the combination of several spectroscopic techniques in different spectral regions, with different set-ups and resolutions. First high resolution spectra of jet-cooled MTO, obtained on the set-up being developed for the observation of molecular parity violation, are shown, which constitutes a major step towards the targeted objective.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures
Thermal characteristics of a classical solar telescope primary mirror
Creators: name: Banyal, Ravinder K
name: Ravindra, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed thermal and structural analysis of a 2m class solar telescope mirror which is subjected to a varying heat load at an observatory site. A 3-dimensional heat transfer model of the mirror takes into account the heating caused by a smooth and gradual increase of the solar flux during the day-time observations and cooling resulting from the exponentially decaying ambient temperature at night. The thermal and structural response of two competing materials for optical telescopes, namely Silicon Carbide -best known for excellent heat conductivity and Zerodur -preferred for its extremely low coefficient of thermal expansion, is investigated in detail. The insight gained from these simulations will provide a valuable input for devising an efficient and stable thermal control system for the primary mirror.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures, Accepted for publication in New Astronomy
Protonation of porphyrins in liquid PVC membranes: Effects of anionic additives and application to pH-sensing
Creators: name: Papkovsky, Dmitri B.
name: Ponomarev, Gelii V.
name: Wolfbeis, Otto S.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Prophyrins; Protonation; pKa values; Plasticized PVC membranes; Optical pH sensors
subject: 540 Chemie

description: We report on a study on the protonation of representative porphyrins, metalloporphyrins, porphyrin-ketones and a Pd-porphyrin Schiff base in aqueous solution and when dissolved in plasticized PVC membranes. The respective protolytic forms were characterized by absorption and emission spectra as well as apparent pKa values. It is shown that the protonation of porphyrins dissolved in PVC membranes is much more difficult than in solution, resulting in an extraordinarily large decrease in the apparent pKa values which can be as large as 5 units when compared to the corresponding data for the porphyrins in solution. In certain cases, no protonation at all occurred within the pH 2–12 range. At the same time, N-MeEP which is much more basic (its intrinsic pK being 11.2) can be protonated in such membranes into the monocation at weakly acidic pH, but the apparent pKa also is lowered by about 6 units. On addition of a tetraphenylborate anion to the PVC membranes, protonation was found to proceed much easier. Both the monocation and dication was identified in case for the porphyrins, while for the prophyrin-ketones protonation into dication took place, and N-methyl-etioprophyrin was present as the monocation over the whole pH 2–12 range. Membranes composed of solutions of porphyrin-ketones or the Pd-porphyrin Schiff base in plasticized PVC were identified as being useful for purposes of continuously sensing pH in the physiological range. Their response time, calibration curves, signal stability and effects of buffer ionic strength and temperature were investigated in more detail.
Resonantly Damped Propagating Kink Waves in Longitudinally Stratified Solar Waveguides
Creators: name: Soler, Roberto
name: Terradas, Jaume
name: Verth, Gary
name: Goossens, Marcel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been shown that resonant absorption is a robust physical mechanism to explain the observed damping of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) kink waves in the solar atmosphere due to naturally occurring plasma inhomogeneity in the direction transverse to the direction of the magnetic field. Theoretical studies of this damping mechanism were greatly inspired by the first observations of post-flare standing kink modes in coronal loops using the Transition Region And Coronal Explorer (TRACE). More recently, these studies have been extended to explain the attenuation of propagating coronal kink waves observed by the Coronal Multi-Channel Polarimeter (CoMP). In the present study, for the first time we investigate the properties of propagating kink waves in solar waveguides including the effects of both longitudinal and transverse plasma inhomogeneity. Importantly, it is found that the wavelength is only dependent on the longitudinal stratification and the amplitude is simply a product of the two effects. In light of these results the advancement of solar atmospheric magnetoseismology by exploiting high spatial/temporal resolution observations of propagating kink waves in magnetic waveguides to determine the length scales of the plasma inhomogeneity along and transverse to the direction of the magnetic field is discussed.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Oenologist or Winemaker Opinion Column
Creators: name: Hormazábal, Elba
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 470101
subject: Communication studies

description: By the mid-20th century, oenology was officially recognized as a profession in Europe. However, our country was a pioneer in this field, led by Agricultural Engineer and Oenologist Ruy Barbosa, who, two years earlier in 1954, promoted the creation of the National Association of Agricultural Engineer Oenologists of Chile (ANIAE), achieving the legal and institutional certification of this profession in Chile.
Spin and charge transport in U-shaped one-dimensional channels with spin-orbit couplings
Creators: name: Liu, Ming-Hao
name: Wu, Jhih-Sheng
name: Chen, Son-Hsien
name: Chang, Ching-Ray
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 72.25.–b,73.63.Nm,71.70.Ej

description: A general form of the Hamiltonian for electrons confined to a curved one-dimensional (1D) channel with spin-orbit coupling (SOC) linear in momentum is rederived and is applied to a U-shaped channel. Discretizing the derived continuous 1D Hamiltonian to a tight-binding version, the Landauer–Keldysh formalism (LKF) for nonequilibrium transport can be applied. Spin transport through the U-channel based on the LKF is compared with previous quantum mechanical approaches. The role of a curvature-induced geometric potential which was previously neglected in the literature of the ring issue is also revisited. Transport regimes between nonadiabatic, corresponding to weak SOC or sharp turn, and adiabatic, corresponding to strong SOC or smooth turn, is discussed. Based on the LKF, interesting charge and spin transport properties are further revealed. For the charge transport, the interplay between the Rashba and the linear Dresselhaus (001) SOCs leads to an additional modulation to the local charge density in the half-ring part of the U-channel, which is shown to originate from the angle-dependent spin-orbit potential. For the spin transport, theoretically predicted eigenstates of the Rashba rings, Dresselhaus rings, and the persistent spin-helix state are numerically tested by the present quantum transport calculation.
Nonuniform Rashba-Dresselhaus spin precession along arbitrary paths
Creators: name: Liu, Ming-Hao
name: Chang, Ching-Ray
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 72.25.Dc, 71.70.Ej, 85.75.Hh

description: Electron spin precession in nonuniform Rashba-Dresselhaus two-dimensional electron systems along arbitrary continuous paths is investigated. We derive an analytical formula to describe the spin vectors (expectation values of the injected spin) in such conditions using a contour-integral method. The obtained formalism is capable of dealing with the nonuniformity of the Rashba spin-orbit field due to the inherent random distribution of the ionized dopants, and can be applied to curved one-dimensional quantum wires. Interesting examples are given, and the modification to the spin precession pattern in a Rashba-Dresselhaus channel when taking the random Rashba field into account is shown.
C Terminus of Nce102 Determines the Structure and Function of Microdomains in the "Saccharomyces cerevisiae" Plasma Membrane{triangledown}
Creators: name: Loibl, Martin
name: Grossmann, Guido
name: Stradalova, Vendula
name: Klingl, Andreas
name: Rachel, Reinhard
name: Tanner, Widmar
name: Malinsky, Jan
name: Opekarová, Miroslava
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: The plasma membrane of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains stably distributed lateral domains of specific composition and structure, termed MCC (membrane compartment of arginine permease Can1). Accumulation of Can1 and other specific proton symporters within MCC is known to regulate the turnover of these transporters and is controlled by the presence of another MCC protein, Nce102. We show that in an NCE102 deletion strain the function of Nce102 in directing the specific permeases into MCC can be complemented by overexpression of the NCE102 close homolog FHN1 (the previously uncharacterized YGR131W) as well as by distant Schizosaccharomyces pombe homolog fhn1 (SPBC1685.13). We conclude that this mechanism of plasma membrane organization is conserved through the phylum Ascomycota. We used a hemagglutinin (HA)/Suc2/His4C reporter to determine the membrane topology of Nce102. In contrast to predictions, its N and C termini are oriented toward the cytosol. Deletion of the C terminus or even of its last 6 amino acids does not disturb protein trafficking, but it seriously affects the formation of MCC. We show that the C-terminal part of the Nce102 protein is necessary for localization of both Nce102 itself and Can1 to MCC and also for the formation of furrow-like membrane invaginations, the characteristic ultrastructural feature of MCC domains.
Stabilizing knowledge through standards - A perspective for the humanities
Creators: name: Romary, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: It is usual to consider that standards generate mixed feelings among scientists. They are often seen as not really reflecting the state of the art in a given domain and a hindrance to scientific creativity. Still, scientists should theoretically be at the best place to bring their expertise into standard developments, being even more neutral on issues that may typically be related to competing industrial interests. Even if it could be thought of as even more complex to think about developping standards in the humanities, we will show how this can be made feasible through the experience gained both within the Text Encoding Initiative consortium and the International Organisation for Standardisation. By taking the specific case of lexical resources, we will try to show how this brings about new ideas for designing future research infrastructures in the human and social sciences.
Current-induced spin polarization in spin-orbit-coupled electron systems
Creators: name: Liu, Ming-Hao
name: Chen, Son-Hsien
name: Chang, Ching-Ray
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 72.25.Pn, 71.70.Ej, 85.75.−d

description: Current-induced spin polarization (CISP) is rederived in ballistic spin-orbit-coupled electron systems, based on equilibrium statistical mechanics. A simple and useful picture is correspondingly proposed to help understand the CISP and predict the polarization direction. Nonequilibrium Landauer-Keldysh formalism is applied to demonstrate the validity of the statistical picture, taking the linear Rashba-Dresselhaus [001] two-dimensional system as a specific example. Spin densities induced by the CISP in semiconductor heterostructures and in metallic surface states are compared, showing that the CISP increases with the spin-splitting strength, and hence suggesting that the CISP should be more observable on metal and semimetal surfaces due to the discovered strong Rashba splitting. An application of the CISP designed to generate a spin-Hall pattern in the in-plane, instead of the out-of-plane, component is also proposed.
Isotopic and chemical heterogeneity of the Hawaiian mantle plume : evaluating mantle geodynamics and characterization of the Loa geochemical trend
Creators: name: Harrison, Lauren Nicole
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Oceanic island basalts provide the exceptional opportunity to study deep mantle geochemical reservoirs, mantle geodynamics and, for long-lived systems, the time evolution of their mantle sources. The Hawaiian-Emperor chain represents the geologic record of the long-lived (>81 Ma) and deeply sourced Hawaiian mantle plume. The geochemical record of the entire chain is now complete with analysis of Pb-Hf-Nd-Sr isotopes and elemental compositions of the Northwest Hawaiian Ridge (NWHR), which consists of ~51 volcanoes spanning ~42 Ma between the bend in the chain and the Hawaiian Islands. This segment of the chain previously represented a significant data gap where Hawaiian plume geochemistry changed markedly: only Kea compositions have been observed on Emperor Seamounts (>50 Ma), whereas the Hawaiian Islands (<6 Ma) present both Kea and Loa compositions. Statistical analysis of the new isotopic compositions of NWHR shield-stage basalts confirms the ephemeral presence of the Loa composition. The Hawaiian plume sampled only Kea-type material from the deep Pacific mantle during formation of the Emperor Seamounts and most of the oldest NWHR. Plume movement up the gently sloping edge of the large low-shear velocity province (LLSVP) resulted in entrainment of greater amounts of LLSVP-enriched material over time, which explains why the Hawaiian mantle plume strengthens. Geochemical investigation of NWHR postshield and rejuvenated basalts shows that the rejuvenated component is homogeneous and different from both that of postshield basalts and the depleted component sampled by the oldest Emperor Seamounts. The oldest Emperor Seamounts record interaction between the Hawaiian plume and a mid-ocean ridge. The high Hf isotope ratios of rejuvenated basalts require a source imprinted by ancient partial melting. The robustness of Pb isotope analyses is assessed by investigation of a potential contaminant, ferromanganese crusts, precipitated hydrogenetically on NWHR lavas. Lithium isotopes of Hawaiian Island basalts distinguish between Loa trend heterogeneities; the Loa trend represents singular components sampled for finite time periods. These conclusions demonstrate how integrated geochemical and geophysical studies of oceanic island basalts can further resolve mantle heterogeneity and challenge us to rethink models of how mantle plumes sample the lower mantle.
Robustness of spin-coupling distributions for perfect quantum state transfer
Creators: name: Zwick, Analia
name: Alvarez, Gonzalo A.
name: Stolze, Joachim
name: Osenda, Omar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transmission of quantum information between different parts of a quantum computer is of fundamental importance. Spin chains have been proposed as quantum channels for transferring information. Different configurations for the spin couplings were proposed in order to optimize the transfer. As imperfections in the creation of these specific spin-coupling distributions can never be completely avoided, it is important to find out which systems are optimally suited for information transfer by assessing their robustness against imperfections or disturbances. We analyze different spin coupling distributions of spin chain channels designed for perfect quantum state transfer. In particular, we study the transfer of an initial state from one end of the chain to the other end. We quantify the robustness of different coupling distributions against perturbations and we relate it to the properties of the energy eigenstates and eigenvalues. We find that the localization properties of the systems play an important role for robust quantum state transfer.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
"Methanocaldococcus villosus" sp. nov., a heavily flagellated archaeon that adheres to surfaces and forms cell–cell contacts
Creators: name: Bellack, Annett
name: Huber, Harald
name: Rachel, Reinhard
name: Wanner, Gerhard
name: Wirth, Reinhard
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: A novel chemolithoautotrophic, hyperthermophilic methanogen was isolated from a submarine hydrothermal system at the Kolbeinsey Ridge, north of Iceland. Based on its 16S rRNA gene sequence, the strain belongs to the order Methanococcales within the genus Methanocaldococcus, with approximately 95 % sequence similarity to Methanocaldococcus jannaschii as its closest relative. Cells of the novel organism stained Gram-negative and appeared as regular to irregular cocci possessing more than 50 polar flagella. These cell appendages mediated not only motility but also adherence to abiotic surfaces and the formation of cell–cell contacts. The new isolate grew at 55–90 °C, with optimum growth at 80 °C. The optimum NaCl concentration for growth was 2.5 % (w/v), and the optimal pH was 6.5. The cells gained their energy exclusively by reduction of CO2 with H2. Selenate, tungstate and yeast extract stimulated growth significantly. The genome size was determined to be in the range 1.8–2.0 kb, and the G+C content of the genomic DNA was 30 mol%. Despite being physiologically nearly identical to the other members of the genus Methanocaldococcus, analysis of whole-cell proteins revealed significant differences. Based on the results from phylogenetic, morphological and protein analyses, we conclude that the novel strain represents a novel species of the genus Methanocaldococcus, for which the name Methanocaldococcus villosus sp. nov. is proposed (type strain KIN24-T80T = DSM 22612T = JCM 16315T).
BASR Poll: Seeing Vs. Listening Study
Creators: name: Bureau Of Applied Social Research, Columbia University
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2022

description: Newspaper readership (2); listening to radio (1); radio commercials (13); newspaper advertisements (12); attention to advertisements (3); products used (14); opinions of commercials (25); products advertised (6); opinions of advertisements (31); preferred advertisement medium (5); magazines read (1).
A Uniqueness Theorem for Meromorphic Mappings with Two Families of Hyperplanes
Creators: name: Dethloff, G.
name: Van, Tan Tran
name: Quang, Si Duc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we extend the uniqueness theorem for meromorphic mappings to the case where the family of hyperplanes depends on the meromorphic mapping and where the meromorphic mappings may be degenerate.
Complete genome sequence of "Thermosphaera aggregans" type strain (M11TLT)
Creators: name: Spring, Stefan
name: Rachel, Reinhard
name: Lapidus, Alla
name: Davenport, Karen
name: Tice, Hope
name: Copeland, Alex
name: Cheng, Jan-Fang
name: Lucas, Susan
name: Chen, Feng
name: Nolan, Matt
name: Bruce, David
name: Goodwin, Lynne
name: Pitluck, Sam
name: Ivanova, Natalia
name: Mavromatis, Konstantinos
name: Ovchinnikova, Galina
name: Pati, Amrita
name: Chen, Amy
name: Palaniappan, Krishna
name: Land, Miriam
name: Hauser, Loren
name: Chang, Yun-Juan
name: Jeffries, Cynthia D.
name: Brettin, Thomas
name: Detter, John C.
name: Tapia, Roxanne
name: Han, Cliff
name: Heimerl, Thomas
name: Weikl, Fabian
name: Brambilla, Evelyne
name: Göker, Markus
name: Bristow, James
name: Eisen, Jonathan A.
name: Markowitz, Victor
name: Hugenholtz, Philip
name: Kyrpides, Nikos C.
name: Klenk, Hans Peter
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: hyperthermophile, strictly fermentative metabolism, sulfur reduction, obligate anaerobic, hot solfataric spring, Desulfurococcaceae, Crenarchaeota, GEBA
subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Thermosphaera aggregans Huber et al. 1998 is the type species of the genus Thermosphaera, which comprises at the time of writing only one species. This species represents archaea with a hyperthermophilic, heterotrophic, strictly anaerobic and fermentative phenotype. The type strain M11TLT was isolated from a water-sediment sample of a hot terrestrial spring (Obsidian Pool, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming). Here we describe the features of this organism, together with the complete genome sequence and annotation. The 1,316,595 bp long single replicon genome with its 1,410 protein-coding and 47 RNA genes is a part of the Genomic Encyclopedia of Bacteria and Archaea project.
title: Independent and Outside Directors
Creators: name: Larcker, David F.
name: Tayan, Brian
Publisher: name: Corporate Governance Research Initiative
Year: 2022

description: This Research Spotlight provides a summary of the academic literature on outside (non-executive) directors and directors who are independent according to New York Stock Exchange listing requirements. It reviews the evidence of: Shareholder reaction to the appointment of outside directors, the relation between outside directors and performance, the relation between outside directors and mergers and acquisitions, the relation between outside directors and CEO compensation, and factors that influence the “independence” of outside directors. This Research Spotlight expands upon issues introduced in the Quick Guide Board of Directors: Structure and Consequences.
Drug transport mechanism of P-glycoprotein monitored by single molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer
Creators: name: Ernst, Stefan
name: Verhalen, Brandy
name: Zarrabi, Nawid
name: Wilkens, Stephan
name: Boersch, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we monitor the catalytic mechanism of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) using single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET). Pgp, a member of the ATP binding cassette family of transport proteins, is found in the plasma membrane of animal cells where it is involved in the ATP hydrolysis driven export of hydrophobic molecules. When expressed in the plasma membrane of cancer cells, the transport activity of Pgp can lead to the failure of chemotherapy by excluding the mostly hydrophobic drugs from the interior of the cell. Despite ongoing effort, the catalytic mechanism by which Pgp couples MgATP binding and hydrolysis to translocation of drug molecules across the lipid bilayer is poorly understood. Using site directed mutagenesis, we have introduced cysteine residues for fluorescence labeling into different regions of the nucleotide binding domains (NBDs) of Pgp. Double-labeled single Pgp molecules showed fluctuating FRET efficiencies during drug stimulated ATP hydrolysis suggesting that the NBDs undergo significant movements during catalysis. Duty cycle-optimized alternating laser excitation (DCO-ALEX) is applied to minimize FRET artifacts and to select the appropriate molecules. The data show that Pgp is a highly dynamic enzyme that appears to fluctuate between at least two major conformations during steady state turnover.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
On mass-constraints implied by the relativistic precession model of twin-peak quasi-periodic oscillations in Circinus X-1
Creators: name: Torok, Gabriel
name: Bakala, Pavel
name: Sramkova, Eva
name: Stuchlik, Zdenek
name: Urbanec, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Boutloukos et al. (2006) discovered twin-peak quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) in 11 observations of the peculiar Z-source Circinus X-1. Among several other conjunctions the authors briefly discussed the related estimate of the compact object mass following from the geodesic relativistic precession model for kHz QPOs. Neglecting the neutron star rotation they reported the inferred mass M_0 = 2.2 +/- 0.3 M_\sun. We present a more detailed analysis of the estimate which involves the frame-dragging effects associated with rotating spacetimes. For a free mass we find acceptable fits of the model to data for (any) small dimensionless compact object angular momentum j=cJ/GM^2. Moreover, quality of the fit tends to increase very gently with rising j. Good fits are reached when M ~ M_0[1+0.55(j+j^2)]. It is therefore impossible to estimate the mass without the independent knowledge of the angular momentum and vice versa. Considering j up to 0.3 the range of the feasible values of mass extends up to 3M_\sun. We suggest that similar increase of estimated mass due to rotational effects can be relevant for several other sources.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures (in colour)
The Mode of Cell Wall Growth in Selected Archaea Is Similar to the General Mode of Cell Wall Growth in Bacteria as Revealed by Fluorescent Dye Analysis
Creators: name: Wirth, Reinhard
name: Bellack, Annett
name: Bertl, Markus
name: Bilek, Yvonne
name: Heimerl, Thomas
name: Herzog, Bastian
name: Leisner, Madeleine
name: Probst, Alexander
name: Rachel, Reinhard
name: Sarbu, Christina
name: Schopf, Simone
name: Wanner, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: The surfaces of 8 bacterial and 23 archaeal species, including many hyperthermophilic Archaea, could be stained using succinimidyl esters of fluorescent dyes. This allowed us for the first time to analyze the mode of cell wall growth in Archaea by subculturing stained cells. The data obtained show that incorporation of new cell wall material in Archaea follows the pattern observed for Bacteria: in the coccoid species Pyrococcus furiosus incorporation was in the region of septum formation while for the rod-shaped species Methanopyrus kandleri and Methanothermus sociabilis, a diffuse incorporation of cell wall material over the cell length was observed. Cell surface appendages like fimbriae/pili, fibers, or flagella were detectable by fluorescence staining only in a very few cases although their presence was proven by electron microscopy. Our data in addition prove that Alexa Fluor dyes can be used for in situ analyses at temperatures up to 100°C.