cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Multigraph approach to quantum non-locality
Creators: name: Rabelo, Rafael
name: Duarte, Cristhiano
name: Lopez-Tarrida, Antonio J.
name: Cunha, Marcelo Terra
name: Cabello, Adan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-contextuality (NC) and Bell inequalities can be expressed as bounds $Ω$ for positive linear combinations $S$ of probabilities of events, $S \leq Ω$. Exclusive events in $S$ can be represented as adjacent vertices of a graph called the exclusivity graph of $S$. In the case that events correspond to the outcomes of quantum projective measurements, quantum probabilities are intimately related to the Grötschel-Lovász-Schrijver theta body of the exclusivity graph. Then, one can easily compute an upper bound to the maximum quantum violation of any NC or Bell inequality by optimizing $S$ over the theta body and calculating the Lovász number of the corresponding exclusivity graph. In some cases, this upper bound is tight and gives the exact maximum quantum violation. However, in general, this is not the case. The reason is that the exclusivity graph does not distinguish among the different ways exclusivity can occur in Bell-inequality (and similar) scenarios. An interesting question is whether there is a graph-theoretical concept which accounts for this problem. Here we show that, for any given $N$-partite Bell inequality, an edge-coloured multigraph composed of $N$ single-colour graphs can be used to encode the relationships of exclusivity between each party's parts of the events. Then, the maximum quantum violation of the Bell inequality is exactly given by a refinement of the Lovász number that applies to these edge-coloured multigraphs. We show how to calculate upper bounds for this number using a hierarchy of semi-definite programs and calculate upper bounds for $I_3$, $I_{3322}$ and the three bipartite Bell inequalities whose exclusivity graph is a pentagon. The multigraph-theoretical approach introduced here may remove some obstacles in the program of explaining quantum correlations from first principles.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures
Training speaker recognition systems with limited data
Creators: name: Vaessen, Nik
name: van Leeuwen, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This work considers training neural networks for speaker recognition with a much smaller dataset size compared to contemporary work. We artificially restrict the amount of data by proposing three subsets of the popular VoxCeleb2 dataset. These subsets are restricted to 50\,k audio files (versus over 1\,M files available), and vary on the axis of number of speakers and session variability. We train three speaker recognition systems on these subsets; the X-vector, ECAPA-TDNN, and wav2vec2 network architectures. We show that the self-supervised, pre-trained weights of wav2vec2 substantially improve performance when training data is limited. Code and data subsets are available at https://github.com/nikvaessen/w2v2-speaker-few-samples.
description: accepted to Interspeech 2022
NI4OS-Europe Training report
Creators: name: Filiposka, Sonja
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Training report – provides a summary report of the training activities in the project including national and project-wide training events, development and maintenance of the training platform and catalogue, development of asynchronous training materials, as well as gathering and analysing trainees’ feedback. The report also provides information on liaison activities with other projects and workings groups regarding training as well as common description and publication of training materials.
ChEBI: Chemical Entities of Biological Interest
Creators: name: Malik, Adnan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Webinar, FAIR, Cheminformatics, Chemical Data

description: This is a flash presentation highlighting working with ChEBI: Chemical Entities of Biological Interest. It was presented at the “The IUPAC WorldFAIR Chemistry Webinar “What is a chemical? – Innovations in Chemical Descriptions ”. The event was held on Feb 17, 2023, 11-12:30 pm EST. The recording of the full webinar is HERE. *WorldFAIR “Global cooperation on FAIR data policy and practice” is funded by the EC HORIZON-WIDERA-2021-ERA-01-41 Coordination and Support Action under Grant Agreement No. 101058393.
Single pion production in electron-proton interactions
Creators: name: Kabirnezhad, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents an extension of the MK single pion production model \cite{MK, MK2} to high hadron invariant mass ($W$) and high momentum transfer to conform to the predictions of perturbative QCD due to quark-hadron duality. New form factors for several resonant interactions and non-resonant background in the electron-nucleon cross-sections are determined taking into account the experimental data and improved evaluation techniques. Fits to electron-proton scattering data are used to calculate the vector-current form factors, and to assign uncertainties to the constrained free parameters of the model. The %hadron currents results from this work can be used to determine the vector current in the corresponding neutrino-nucleon cross-sections, which are an important input for event generators in long baseline neutrino oscillation measurements.
Density bounds for outer parallel domains of unit ball packings
Creators: name: Bezdek, Karoly
name: Langi, Zsolt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52C17, 05B40, 11H31, 52C45

description: We give upper bounds for the density of unit ball packings relative to their outer parallel domains and discuss their connection to contact numbers. Also, packings of soft balls are introduced and upper bounds are given for the fraction of space covered by them.
description: 22 pages, 1 figure
Probing the dynamics of a nuclear spin bath in diamond through time-resolved central spin magnetometry
Creators: name: Dréau, A.
name: Jamonneau, P.
name: Gazzano, O.
name: Kosen, S.
name: Roch, J. -F.
name: Maze, J. R.
name: Jacques, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using fast electron spin resonance spectroscopy of a single nitrogen-vacancy defect in diamond, we demonstrate real-time readout of the Overhauser field produced by its nuclear spin environment under ambient conditions. These measurements enable narrowing the Overhauser field distribution by post-selection, corresponding to a conditional preparation of the nuclear spin bath. Correlations of the Overhauser field fluctuations are quantitatively inferred by analysing the Allan deviation over consecutive measurements. This method allows to extract the dynamics of weakly coupled nuclear spins of the reservoir.
description: 10 pages, including main text and supplementary information
Theory of Magnetic Phase Diagrams in Hyperhoneycomb and Harmonic-honeycomb Iridates
Creators: name: Lee, Eric Kin-Ho
name: Kim, Yong Baek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent experiments, we consider a generic spin model in the $j_{\text{eff}}=1/2$ basis for the hyperhoneycomb and harmonic-honeycomb iridates. Based on microscopic considerations, the effect of an additional bond-dependent anisotropic spin exchange interaction ($Γ$) beyond the Heisenberg-Kitaev model is investigated. We obtain the magnetic phase diagrams of the hyperhoneycomb and harmonic-honeycomb ($\mathcal{H}\text{--}1$) lattices via a combination of the Luttinger-Tisza approximation, single-$\mathbf{Q}$ variational ansatz, and classical Monte Carlo simulated annealing. The resulting phase diagrams on both systems show the existence of incommensurate, non-coplanar spiral magnetic orders as well as other commensurate magnetic orders. The spiral orders show counter-propagating spiral patterns, which may be favorably compared to recent experimental results on both iridates. The parameter regime of various magnetic orders and ordering wavevectors are quite similar in both systems. We discuss the implications of our work to recent experiments and also compare our results to those of the two dimensional honeycomb iridate systems.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures; added various figures for \Gamma < 0 results, added section on comparison with experimental results, modified acknowledgements, added appendices, fixed typos
European Corporate Tax Policy since the Crisis: How the EU steps up the Fight against Corporate Tax Avoidance
Creators: name: Roland, Aanor
Publisher: name: Universität Bielefeld. Arbeitsgebiet Vergleichende Politikwissenschaft
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 320
subject: Policy Analysis
subject: Policy Change
subject: European Tax Policy
subject: Tax Cooperation

description: This contribution discusses the possibility of tax cooperation from a European perspective. Research on tax cooperation focuses on the resistance of powerful states or the failed efforts of the OECD and emphasizes the unlikelihood of cooperation in tax matters. Important developments from the EU tend to be overlooked. This paper closes this gap by providing a detailed account of EU corporate tax policy and reconstructing the evolution of this policy field over a period of 15 years. The study is based on a chronological review of EU corporate tax provisions since 2003 and a quantitative content analysis of 936 documents from the Commission and the Council. It shows that EU corporate tax policy has undergone a significant change, which is characterized by an intensification of the regulatory efforts against corporate tax avoidance and the identification of new problems and solutions along the ideas of fairness and transparency. Contrary to conventional scholarship, those findings suggest that tax cooperation is becoming feasible within the EU, at least in the field of corporate taxation.
Toward Realistic and Practical No-Hair Relations for Neutron Stars in the Non-Relativistic Limit
Creators: name: Chatziioannou, Katerina
name: Yagi, Kent
name: Yunes, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gravitational properties of astrophysical objects depend sensitively on their internal structure. In Newtonian theory, the gravitational potential of a rotating star can be fully described by an infinite number of multipole moments of its mass distribution. Recently, this infinite number of moments for uniformly-rotating stars were shown semi-analytically to be expressible in terms of just the first three: the mass, the spin, and the quadrupole moment of the star. The relations between the various lower multipole moments were additionally shown to depend weakly on the equation of state, when considering neutron stars and assuming single polytropic equations of state. Here we extend this result in two ways. First, we show that the universality also holds for realistic equations of state, thus relaxing the need to use single polytropes. Second, we derive purely analytical universal relations by perturbing the equations of structure about an $n=0$ polytrope that reproduce semi-analytic results to $\mathcal{O}(1\%)$. We also find that the linear-order perturbation vanishes in some cases, which provides further evidence and a deeper understanding of the universality.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, published version
Cosmological perturbations for an inflaton field coupled to radiation
Creators: name: Visinelli, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the framework of the interacting fluid formalism, we provide the numerical solution to the Boltzmann equation describing the evolution of an inflaton field coupled to radiation. We study the behavior of the system during the slow-roll regime, in the case in which an additional stochastic source term is included in the set of equations, and we recover the expression for the cosmological perturbations previously obtained in the Warm inflation scenarios.
description: 23 pages, 6 figures
Spring snow albedo feedback in daily data over Russia: Comparing in-situ measurements with reanalysis products
Creators: name: Wegmann, Martin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: snow
albedo
reanalysis
climate
observations
russia

description: Poster for the ASSW 2017 and AGU 2016 conference showing results from Wegmann et al. 2018.

Wegmann, M., Dutra, E., Jacobi, H.W. & Zolina, O. (2018). Spring snow albedo feedback over Northern Eurasia: Comparing in-situ measurements with reanalysis products. The Cryosphere, 12(6), 1887-1898
Magnet-free nonreciprocal metasurface for on-demand bi-directional phase modulation
Creators: name: Yang, Weihao
name: Qin, Jun
name: Long, Jiawei
name: Yan, Wei
name: Yang, Yucong
name: Li, Chaoyang
name: Li, En
name: Hu, Juejun
name: Deng, Longjiang
name: Du, Qingyang
name: Bi, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unconstrained by Lorentz reciprocity, nonreciprocal metasurfaces are uniquely capable of encoding distinctive optical functions on forward- and backward-propagating waves. The nonreciprocal metasurfaces reported to date require external electric or magnetic field biasing or rely on nonlinear effects, both of which are challenging to practically implement. Here, we propose and experimentally realize a magnet-free, linear, and passive nonreciprocal metasurface based on self-biased magnetic meta-atoms. Record transmittance up to 77% and operation angle reaching 64 degree are experimentally demonstrated. Moreover, on-demand bidirectional phase modulation in a "LEGO-like" manner is theoretically proposed and experimentally demonstrated, enabling a cohort of nonreciprocal functionalities such as microwave isolation, nonreciprocal beam steering, nonreciprocal focusing, and nonreciprocal holography. The design can also be extended to MHz and optical frequencies, taking advantage of the wide variety of self-biased gyrotropic materials available. We foresee that the nonreciprocal metasurfaces demonstrated in this work will have a significant practical impact for applications ranging from nonreciprocal antennas and radomes to full-duplex wireless communication and radar systems.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures
Resources for Turkish Natural Language Processing: A critical survey
Creators: name: Çöltekin, Çağrı
name: Doğruöz, A. Seza
name: Çetinoğlu, Özlem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a comprehensive survey of corpora and lexical resources available for Turkish. We review a broad range of resources, focusing on the ones that are publicly available. In addition to providing information about the available linguistic resources, we present a set of recommendations, and identify gaps in the data available for conducting research and building applications in Turkish Linguistics and Natural Language Processing.
description: Published in Language Resources and Evaluation
An Alternative to Particle Dark Matter
Creators: name: Khoury, Justin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an alternative to particle dark matter that borrows ingredients of MOdified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) while adding new key components. The first new feature is a dark matter fluid, in the form of a scalar field with small equation of state and sound speed. This component is critical in reproducing the success of cold dark matter for the expansion history and the growth of linear perturbations, but does not cluster significantly on non-linear scales. Instead, the missing mass problem on non-linear scales is addressed by a modification of the gravitational force law. The force law approximates MOND at large and intermediate accelerations, and therefore reproduces the empirical success of MOND at fitting galactic rotation curves. At ultra-low accelerations, the force law reverts to an inverse-square-law, albeit with a larger Newton's constant. This latter regime is important in galaxy clusters and is consistent with their observed isothermal profiles, provided the characteristic acceleration scale of MOND is mildly varying with scale or mass, such that it is ~12 times higher in clusters than in galaxies. We present an explicit relativistic theory in terms of two scalar fields. The first scalar field is governed by a Dirac-Born-Infeld action and behaves as a dark matter fluid on large scales. The second scalar field also has single-derivative interactions and mediates a fifth force that modifies gravity on non-linear scales. Both scalars are coupled to matter via an effective metric that depends locally on the fields. The form of this effective metric implies the equality of the two scalar gravitational potentials, which ensures that lensing and dynamical mass estimates agree. Further work is needed in order to make both the acceleration scale of MOND and the fraction at which gravity reverts to an inverse-square law explicitly dynamical quantities, varying with scale or mass.
description: 35 pages, 9 figures. v2: references added, typos fixed
Cumulants of conserved charges in hydrodynamic simulations
Creators: name: Hirayama, Renan
name: Grassi, Frederique
name: Serenone, Willian Matioli
name: Ollitrault, Jean-Yves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a fast and simple method of computing cumulants of net-proton or net-charge fluctuations in event-by-event hydrodynamic simulations of heavy-ion collisions. One evaluates the mean numbers of particles in every hydrodynamic event. Cumulants are then expressed as a function of these mean numbers. We implement the corrections due to global conservation laws. The method is tested using ideal hydrodynamic simulations of Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ AGeV with the NeXSPheRIO code. Results are in good agreement with experimental data on net-proton and net-charge fluctuations by the STAR collaboration.
Non-Paradoxical Loss of Information in Black Hole Evaporation in a Quantum Collapse Model
Creators: name: Modak, Sujoy K.
name: Ortíz, Leonardo
name: Peña, Igor
name: Sudarsky, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a novel approach to address the black hole information paradox (BHIP). The idea is based on adapting, to the situation at hand, the modified versions of quantum theory involving spontaneous stochastic dynamical collapse of quantum states, which have been considered in attempts to deal with shortcomings of the standard Copenhagen interpretation of quantum mechanics, in particular, the issue known as "the measurement problem". The new basic hypothesis is that the modified quantum behavior is enhanced in the region of high curvature so that the information encoded in the initial quantum state of the matter fields is rapidly erased as the black hole singularity is approached. We show that in this manner the complete evaporation of the black hole via Hawking radiation can be understood as involving no paradox. Calculations are performed using a modified version of quantum theory known as "Continuous Spontaneous Localization" (CSL), which was originally developed in the context of many particle non-relativistic quantum mechanics. We use a version of CSL tailored to quantum field theory and applied in the context of the two dimensional Callan-Giddings-Harvey-Strominger (CGHS) model. Although the role of quantum gravity in this picture is restricted to the resolution of the singularity, related studies suggest that there might be further connections.
description: slightly expanded to improve on clarity and completeness, 11 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Physical Review D. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1406.4898
Stellar orbit evolution in close circumstellar disc encounters
Creators: name: Muñoz, Diego J.
name: Kratter, Kaitlin M.
name: Vogelsberger, Mark
name: Hernquist, Lars
name: Springel, Volker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation and early evolution of circumstellar discs often occurs within dense, newborn stellar clusters. For the first time, we apply the moving-mesh code AREPO, to circumstellar discs in 3-D, focusing on disc-disc interactions that result from stellar fly-bys. Although a small fraction of stars are expected to undergo close approaches, the outcomes of the most violent encounters might leave an imprint on the discs and host stars that will influence both their orbits and their ability to form planets. We first construct well-behaved 3-D models of self-gravitating discs, and then create a suite of numerical experiments of parabolic encounters, exploring the effects of pericenter separation r_p, disc orientation and disc-star mass ratio (M_d/M_*) on the orbital evolution of the host stars. Close encounters (2r_p
description: 20 pages, 14 figures, 1 table. Published by MNRAS
Two-level Quantum Walkers on Directed Graphs II: An Application to qRAM
Creators: name: Asaka, Ryo
name: Sakai, Kazumitsu
name: Yahagi, Ryoko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is the second paper in a series of two. Using a multi-particle continuous-time quantum walk with two internal states, which has been formulated in the first paper (arXiv:2112.08119), we physically implement a quantum random access memory (qRAM). Data with address information are dual-rail encoded into quantum walkers. The walkers pass through perfect binary trees to access the designated memory cells and copy the data stored in the cells. A roundabout gate allocated at each node serves as a router to move the walker from the parent node to one of two child nodes, depending on the internal state of the walker. In this process, the address information is sequentially encoded into the internal states so that the walkers are adequately delivered to the target cells. The present qRAM, which processes $2^n$ $m$-qubit data, is implemented in a quantum circuit of depth $O(n\log(n+m))$ and requires $O(n+m)$ qubit resources. This is more efficient than the conventional bucket-brigade qRAM that requires $O(n^2+nm)$ steps and $O(2^{n}+m)$ qubit resources for processing. Moreover, since the walkers are not entangled with any device on the binary trees, the cost of maintaining coherence can be reduced. Notably, by simply passing quantum walkers through binary trees, data can be automatically extracted in a quantum superposition state. In other words, any time-dependent control is not required.
description: 23 pages; ver. 2: fixed typos. This is the second paper in a series of two. The first paper is arXiv:2112.08119
A Life for Germany: Günther von Maltzahn, the German Air Force, and the Reinvention of the German Military Ethos
Creators: name: Harper, Christine Froechtenigt
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Günther von Maltzahn
Günther Freiherr von Maltzahn
Günther von Maltzahn pilot
Luftwaffe
German air force
Jagdgeschwader 53
JG 53
Innere Führung

description: The NATO alliance created during the Cold War currently faces increasing disunity and uncertainty among its partners. It is worth looking back at the beginnings of the coalition, when a war-weary West Germany made common cause with its former occupiers and reconstituted the armed forces disbanded in the wake of defeat in World War II. German leaders hoped the move would accelerate their efforts to recover national sovereignty as well as help protect Europe from possible Soviet aggression. But Germans feared a return to the Nazi-era military adventurism that had plunged Europe into the firestorm of war; many had also become extremely suspicious of the old officer corps, which they viewed as one of Adolf Hitler’s chief enablers. In response, those spearheading rearmament committed to a new philosophy designed to mirror as well as promote the democratic values of future recruits, to ensure civilian control of the armed forces and enforce respect for individual worth. Christened Innere Führung, a nearly untranslatable phrase roughly rendered as inner direction, this principle continues to govern relations between the German military, the state, and society. While the expertise of surviving members of the officer corps was essential to the rearmament enterprise, those selected to participate necessarily had to demonstrate a private history compatible with the democratic imperatives of Innere Führung. Wartime Luftwaffe commander Günther Freiherr von Maltzahn was one whose upright character embodied the most positive aspects of the German military tradition and whose command style harmonized with the concept of Innere Führung.  I explore Maltzahn’s background, his wartime experience—typical of the dilemmas faced by an appreciable number of officers—as well as his postwar confrontation with the past and engagement with the future, which contributed not a little to the emergence of a new, freer, and eventually reunited Germany.
PoseCoach: A Customizable Analysis and Visualization System for Video-based Running Coaching
Creators: name: Liu, Jingyuan
name: Saquib, Nazmus
name: Chen, Zhutian
name: Kazi, Rubaiat Habib
name: Wei, Li-Yi
name: Fu, Hongbo
name: Tai, Chiew-Lan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Videos are an accessible form of media for analyzing sports postures and providing feedback to athletes. Existing sport-specific systems embed bespoke human pose attributes and thus can be hard to scale for new attributes, especially for users without programming experiences. Some systems retain scalability by directly showing the differences between two poses, but they might not clearly visualize the key differences that viewers would like to pursue. Besides, video-based coaching systems often present feedback on the correctness of poses by augmenting videos with visual markers or reference poses. However, previewing and augmenting videos limit the analysis and visualization of human poses due to the fixed viewpoints in videos, which confine the observation of captured human movements and cause ambiguity in the augmented feedback. To address these issues, we study customizable human pose data analysis and visualization in the context of running pose attributes, such as joint angles and step distances. Based on existing literature and a formative study, we have designed and implemented a system, PoseCoach, to provide feedback on running poses for amateurs by comparing the running poses between a novice and an expert. PoseCoach adopts a customizable data analysis model to allow users' controllability in defining pose attributes of their interests through our interface. To avoid the influence of viewpoint differences and provide intuitive feedback, PoseCoach visualizes the pose differences as part-based 3D animations on a human model to imitate the demonstration of a human coach. We conduct a user study to verify our design components and conduct expert interviews to evaluate the usefulness of the system.
Asymptotic Stability and Decay Rates of Homogeneous Positive Systems With Bounded and Unbounded Delays
Creators: name: Feyzmahdavian, Hamid Reza
name: Charalambous, Themistoklis
name: Johansson, Mikael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: There are several results on the stability of nonlinear positive systems in the presence of time delays. However, most of them assume that the delays are constant. This paper considers time-varying, possibly unbounded, delays and establishes asymptotic stability and bounds the decay rate of a significant class of nonlinear positive systems which includes positive linear systems as a special case. Specifically, we present a necessary and sufficient condition for delay-independent stability of continuous-time positive systems whose vector fields are cooperative and homogeneous. We show that global asymptotic stability of such systems is independent of the magnitude and variation of the time delays. For various classes of time delays, we are able to derive explicit expressions that quantify the decay rates of positive systems. We also provide the corresponding counterparts for discrete-time positive systems whose vector fields are non-decreasing and homogeneous.
description: SIAM Journal on Control and Optimization
On automorphisms of undirected Bruhat graphs
Creators: name: Gaetz, Christian
name: Gao, Yibo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The (directed) Bruhat graph $\hatΓ(u,v)$ has the elements of the Bruhat interval $[u,v]$ as vertices, with directed edges given by multiplication by a reflection. Famously, $\hatΓ(e,v)$ is regular if and only if the Schubert variety $X_v$ is smooth, and this condition on $v$ is characterized by pattern avoidance. In this work, we classify when the undirected Bruhat graph $Γ(e,v)$ is vertex-transitive; surprisingly this class of permutations is also characterized by pattern avoidance and sits nicely between the classes of smooth permutations and self-dual permutations. This leads us to a general investigation of automorphisms of $Γ(u,v)$ in the course of which we show that special matchings, which originally appeared in the theory Kazhdan--Lusztig polynomials, can be characterized as certain $Γ(u,v)$-automorphisms which are conjecturally sufficient to generate the orbit of $e$ under $Aut(Γ(e,v))$.
description: v2: Minor edits and updated references
The Metamorphosis Formula
Creators: name: Ciocioc, Ion Valentin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 369999
subject: Other creative arts and writing not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 360201
subject: Creative writing (incl. scriptwriting)
classificationCode: 360203
subject: Professional writing and journalism practice
classificationCode: 360205
subject: Technical writing
classificationCode: 360299
subject: Creative and professional writing not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 360202
subject: Digital writing
classificationCode: 360204
subject: Site-based writing

description: This study presents and explores the “Metamorphosis Formula,” a theoretical framework designed for analyzing structural and morphological transformations in language, influenced by technological advancements and the demands of modern communication. A central component of the research is the development of algorithmic grammar theory, which utilizes mathematical formulas to analyze linguistic transformations, including changes induced by prefixes, infixes, and suffixes, as well as the use of chromatic algorithms to visually highlight grammatical information through color coding. The research integrates key concepts such as chromatic algorithms, the grammatical map, and the geometric architecture of information expression. It examines grammatical transformations at both national and international levels, focusing on the origin and adaptation of grammatical elements across various languages. The study analyzes the role of parentheses in grammatical structures and the adaptation of word roots in different linguistic contexts. Additionally, it develops advanced formulas, including the tone formula, the comparative formula, and the grammatical time formula, integrating grammatical correlations such as addition, elimination, fusion, and semantic flexion into a mathematical expression framework. The research explores the fusion and conjunction processes in grammatical elements, analyzing relationships such as determinant and determined, theme and rheme, and anaphoric and cataphoric elements. These relationships are mathematically defined and visually represented, offering new insights into linguistic structures. The study also examines information distribution processes within grammatical elements, addressing their morphological, syntactic, and phrasal values, and representing them through visual and mathematical models to enhance clarity. The findings emphasize the utility of color as a tool for facilitating the rapid comprehension of grammatical information, with significant implications for education and natural language processing. By connecting linguistic theory with mathematical and visual methodologies, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of linguistic evolution and offers practical applications for improving communication efficiency in academic and technological contexts.
Magnetic Couplings in Edge-Sharing High-Spin $d^7$ Compounds
Creators: name: Winter, Stephen M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-spin $d^7$ Co(II) compounds have recently been identified as possible platforms for realising highly anisotropic and bond-dependent couplings featured in quantum-compass models such as the celebrated Kitaev model. In order to evaluate this potential, we consider all symmetry-allowed contributions to the magnetic exchange for ideal edge-sharing bonds. Though a combination of ab-initio and cluster many-body calculations we conclude that bond-dependent couplings are generally suppressed in favor of Heisenberg exchange for real materials. Consequences for several prominent materials including Na$_2$Co$_2$TeO$_6$ and BaCo$_2$(AsO$_4$)$_2$ are discussed.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures; v3 corrects an error in v2 where "trigonal elongation" and "trigonal compression" were accidentally reversed. The published version has always been correct
A Multi-level Alignment Training Scheme for Video-and-Language Grounding
Creators: name: Zhang, Yubo
name: Niu, Feiyang
name: Ping, Qing
name: Thattai, Govind
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To solve video-and-language grounding tasks, the key is for the network to understand the connection between the two modalities. For a pair of video and language description, their semantic relation is reflected by their encodings' similarity. A good multi-modality encoder should be able to well capture both inputs' semantics and encode them in the shared feature space where embedding distance gets properly translated into their semantic similarity. In this work, we focused on this semantic connection between video and language, and developed a multi-level alignment training scheme to directly shape the encoding process. Global and segment levels of video-language alignment pairs were designed, based on the information similarity ranging from high-level context to fine-grained semantics. The contrastive loss was used to contrast the encodings' similarities between the positive and negative alignment pairs, and to ensure the network is trained in such a way that similar information is encoded closely in the shared feature space while information of different semantics is kept apart. Our multi-level alignment training can be applied to various video-and-language grounding tasks. Together with the task-specific training loss, our framework achieved comparable performance to previous state-of-the-arts on multiple video QA and retrieval datasets.
description: Accepted at ICDM 2022 FOMO-VL workshop
On the pole placement of scalar linear delay systems with two delays
Creators: name: Fueyo, Sébastien
name: Mazanti, Guilherme
name: Boussaada, Islam
name: Chitour, Yacine
name: Niculescu, Silviu-Iulian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper concerns some spectral properties of the scalar dynamical system defined by a linear delay-differential equation with two positive delays. More precisely, the existing links between the delays and the maximal multiplicity of the characteristic roots are explored, as well as the dominancy of such roots compared with the spectrum localization. As a by-product of the analysis, the pole placement issue is revisited with more emphasis on the role of the delays as control parameters in defining a partial pole placement guaranteeing the closed-loop stability with an appropriate decay rate of the corresponding dynamical system.
Observation of intrinsic crystal phase in bare CrI3 ferromagnetism
Creators: name: Liu, Zhen
name: Guo, Yongzheng
name: Chen, Zhiyong
name: Gong, Tao
name: Li, Yue
name: Niu, Yuting
name: Cheng, Yingchun
name: Lu, Haipeng
name: Deng, Longjiang
name: Peng, Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intrinsic structural phase is a crucial foundation for the fundamental physical properties, and for creating innovative devices with unprecedented performances and unique functionalities. Long-range ferromagnetic orders of van der Waals CrI3 are strongly tied with interlayer stacking orders. However, the intrinsic structure of few-layer CrI3 still remains elusive; the predicted monoclinic phase has not yet been experimentally detected in bare few-layer CrI3. Here we uncover the intrinsic structure of few-layer CrI3 with interlayer antiferromagnetic coupling, which unambiguously show monoclinic stacking in both bare and hBN-encapsulated bilayer and tri-five-layer CrI3 throughout an entire temperature range from 300 to 10 K. An exotic spring damping effect from hBN encapsulation layers is experimentally observed in hBN/CrI3/hBN heterostructures, which partly hinders interlayer sliding of CrI3. This work demonstrates the intrinsic monoclinic crystal phase of few-layer CrI3 and associated correlation with magnetic orders, opening up numerous opportunities for creating magnetic texture by stacking design.
description: NA
Mechanistic understanding and sustainable management of non-target site herbicide resistance in modern day agriculture
Creators: name: Mucheri, Tendai
name: Rugare, Joyful Tatenda
name: Bajwa, Ali
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 30
subject: Agricultural, veterinary and food sciences
classificationCode: 3001
subject: Agricultural biotechnology
subject: FOS: Agricultural biotechnology

description: Background: The evolution of non-target site resistance (NTSR) to herbicides in weeds has made weed management extremely difficult. Weeds can develop NTSR to herbicides because of changes in one or more physiological processes.
Objective: This review aims to address the complexities of NTSR by investigating the factors influencing the evolution of NTSR in weeds. It explains mechanisms associated with NTSR and examines sustainable management strategies.
Methods: This review draws upon an extensive examination of existing literature on NTSR. It summarizes NTSR mechanisms in weeds and discusses strategies that delay the evolution of herbicide resistance.
Results: The analysis reveals that NTSR mechanisms threaten not only the efficacy of existing herbicides but also the utility of new herbicides. The study highlights that crop diversification, improved herbicide use patterns and understanding of weed biology, including fitness costs and gene flow, are crucial for developing sustainable weed management strategies. The study advocates a holistic approach, integrating diverse weed management practices and modern technologies, to effectively address the challenges posed by NTSR and ensure sustainable herbicide resistance management.
Conclusions: A holistic approach is urgently needed to manage NTSR. Understanding the complex interaction of genetic factors, inheritance patterns, effects of herbicide application patterns, and fitness costs is crucial for managing NTSR. This knowledge informs effective use of technology and conventional tools for effective weed control.
Classical group matrix models and universal criticality
Creators: name: Kimura, Taro
name: Purkayastha, Souradeep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study generalizations of the Gross--Witten--Wadia unitary matrix model for the special orthogonal and symplectic groups. We show using a standard Coulomb gas treatment -- employing a path integral formalism for the ungapped phase and resolvent techniques for the gapped phase with one coupling constant -- that in the large $N$ limit, the free energy normalized modulo the square of the gauge group rank is twice the value for the unitary case. Using generalized Cauchy identities for character polynomials, we then demonstrate the universality of this phase transition for an arbitrary number of coupling constants by linking this model to the random partition based on the Schur measure.
description: 18 pages, minor correction post-publication
Subspace Diffusion Generative Models
Creators: name: Jing, Bowen
name: Corso, Gabriele
name: Berlinghieri, Renato
name: Jaakkola, Tommi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Score-based models generate samples by mapping noise to data (and vice versa) via a high-dimensional diffusion process. We question whether it is necessary to run this entire process at high dimensionality and incur all the inconveniences thereof. Instead, we restrict the diffusion via projections onto subspaces as the data distribution evolves toward noise. When applied to state-of-the-art models, our framework simultaneously improves sample quality -- reaching an FID of 2.17 on unconditional CIFAR-10 -- and reduces the computational cost of inference for the same number of denoising steps. Our framework is fully compatible with continuous-time diffusion and retains its flexible capabilities, including exact log-likelihoods and controllable generation. Code is available at https://github.com/bjing2016/subspace-diffusion.
description: ECCV 2022
Anomalies from an effective field theory perspective
Creators: name: Filoche, Baptiste
name: Larue, Rémy
name: Quevillon, Jérémie
name: Vuong, Pham Ngoc Hoa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The path-integral measure of a gauge-invariant fermion theory is transformed under the chiral transformation and leads to an elegant derivation of the anomalous chiral Ward-Takahashi identities, as we know from the seminal work of Fujikawa. We present in this work an alternative and illuminating way to calculate the Jacobian in the path-integral measure from the Covariant Derivative Expansion technique used in Effective Field Theory. We present several ways to customize the crucial regularization such that the anomaly is located in the desired current, which is unprecedented within the path integral approach. We are then able to derive, in a transparent and unified way the covariant, consistent, gravitational and scale anomalies.
description: 48 pages, v2 extended computations and clarified discussions. Version accepted for publication in PRD
CHES: a space-borne astrometric mission for the detection of habitable planets of the nearby solar-type stars
Creators: name: Ji, Jianghui
name: Li, Haitao
name: Zhang, Junbo
name: Fang, Liang
name: Li, Dong
name: Wang, Su
name: Cao, Yang
name: Deng, Lei
name: Li, Baoquan
name: Xian, Hao
name: Gao, Xiaodong
name: Zhang, Ang
name: Li, Fei
name: Liu, Jiacheng
name: Qi, Zhaoxiang
name: Jin, Sheng
name: Liu, Yaning
name: Chen, Guo
name: Li, Mingtao
name: Dong, Yao
name: Zhu, Zi
name: consortium, CHES
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Closeby Habitable Exoplanet Survey (CHES) mission is proposed to discover habitable-zone Earth-like planets of the nearby solar-type stars ($\sim 10~\mathrm{pc}$ away from our solar system) via micro-arcsecond relative astrometry. The major scientific objectives of CHES are: to search for Earth Twins or terrestrial planets in habitable zones orbiting 100 FGK nearby stars; further to conduct a comprehensive survey and extensively characterize the nearby planetary systems. The primary payload is a high-quality, low-distortion, high-stability telescope. The optical subsystem is a coaxial three-mirror anastigmat (TMA) with a $1.2 \mathrm{~m}$-aperture, $0.44^{\circ} \times 0.44^{\circ}$ field of view and $500 \mathrm{~nm}-900 \mathrm{~nm}$ working waveband. The camera focal plane is composed of 81 MOSAIC scientific CMOS detectors each with $4 \mathrm{~K} \times 4 \mathrm{~K}$ pixels. The heterodyne laser interferometric calibration technology is employed to ensure micro-arcsecond level (1 $μ$as) relative astrometry precision to meet the requirements for detection of Earth-like planets. CHES satellite operates at the Sun-Earth L2 point and observes the entire target stars for 5 years. CHES will offer the first direct measurements of true masses and inclinations of Earth Twins and super-Earths orbiting our neighbor stars based on micro-arcsecond astrometry from space. This will definitely enhance our understanding of the formation of diverse nearby planetary systems and the emergence of other worlds for solar-type stars, and finally to reflect the evolution of our own solar system.
description: 39 pages, 37 figures, Invited Review, accepted to Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics