Cheiloneurus parvus
Creators: name: Noyes, John Stuart
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Encyrtidae
Cheiloneurus
Cheiloneurus parvus

description: Cheiloneurus parvus (Hayat)   
(Figs 581-587)  
 Metapterencyrtus parvus Hayat, 1980:643 -644,645. Holotype E, India, NHMUK, examined. Echthrogonatopus parvus (Hayat); Hayat & Subba Rao, 1981:111.   
 Cheiloneurus parvus (Hayat); Guerrieri & Viggiani, 2005:306.   
 DIAGNOSIS. Female (length about 0.8-1.2mm): body generally black with a moderate to strong green, blue, purple or coppery metallic sheen; antenna slightly dusky pale orange; mesoscutum with moderately dense silvery setae; legs, including coxae, pale orange; wings (Fig. 586) hyaline; head (Fig. 581) about 4.2-5.7X as wide as frontovertex, in facial view very slightly longer than broad, subcircular, genae weakly curved, more strongly curved near mouth margin; frontovertex naked medially above scrobes; eye separated from scrobe by about diameter of anterior ocellus, area between eye and scrobe with shallow sculpture, scrobes shallow and weakly margined; interantennal prominence with about 10 inconspicuous setae and dorsally rounded; mandible tridentate; antenna (Fig. 583) with scape about 4.8-5.3X as long as broad; F1 quadrate, remaining segments transverse; linear sensilla on F5-F6; clava 3-segmented, a little longer than funicle, sensory area enlarged, extending about 0.7X along ventral surface of clava giving it a strong, obliquely truncate appearance; head width slightly greater than length of flagellum; mesoscutum (Fig. 582) generally with squamiform reticulate sculpture, slightly longitudinally elongate laterally; scutellum without an apical tuft of setae; wings fully developed; fore wing (Fig. 586) about 2.8X as long as broad; parastigma very weakly downcurved; costal cell dorsally naked, ventrally with a complete line of setae; basal cell uniformly setose with setae arranged in 7 or 8 lines with only extreme proximal area naked; apices of postmarginal and stigmal veins (Fig. 587) not connected by a naked area; seta at apex of postmarginal vein about 0.4X as long as marginal vein; mid tibial spur slightly shorter than basitarsus; propodeum with about 20 setae adjacent to spiracle, these not extending down side; gaster without “gland-like” structures on Gt1 or Gt5; syntergum about 0.8X as long as mid tibia; hypopygium Fig. 585; ovipositor (Fig. 584) about 3.4X gonostylus or about 0.8X as long as mid tibia; gonostylus about as long as mid tibial spur; ovipositor not exserted. Male (length about 0.77-0.85mm): similar to female; frontovertex slightly more than half head width; antenna with funicle segments subequal and each at least 3X as long as broad, clothed in whorls of long setae that are about 3X as long as the length of segment; aedeagus about 0.7X as long as mid tibia.   
 DISTRIBUTION. Costa Rica (new record), India.   
HOSTS. Unknown, but very probably a parasitoid of dryinids (Hymenoptera: Dryinidae) parasitizing delphacids (Hemiptera: Delphacidae).  
MATERIAL EXAMINED.  
 Type material. Holotype E: “ INDIA, U.P. Aligarh 13.v.1977 on grass M. Hayat ”; “ Metapterencyrtus parvus Hayat Holotype E”. Holotype in NHMUK.   
 Non type material. COSTA RICA, Puntarenas, Pen. Osa, Puerto Jimenez, 8°32’N 83°19’W, i.1992 (P. Hanson). INDIA, 1E, 1G, Uttar Pradesh, Dehra Dun, x.1979 (Z. Bouček); 3E, Uttar Pradesh, Aligarh, 8-10.xi.1979 (J.S. Noyes); 6E, 3G, Delhi, IARI area, x.1979 (Z. Bouček); 2E, 1G, Kerala, Periyar A [nimal] Sanc [tuary], 5-15.x.1979 (J.S. Noyes). Material in NHMUK.   
 COMMENTS. Cheiloneurus parvus is very close to exitiosus Perkins which is a hyperparasitoid of Delphacidae via dryinids. In all respects, the specimen from Costa Rica falls within the range of variation exhibited by the above series of parvus from India. In general, the scape of parvus is a little more than 5X as long a broad, but one specimen from India has the scape about 4.8X as long as broad, identical in width to that of the Costa Rica specimen. I therefore have no hesitation in identifying the Costa Rica specimen as parvus.   
 See also comments under semis (p. 237).
description: Published as part of Noyes, John Stuart, 2023, ENCYRTIDAE OF COSTA RICA (HYMENOPTERA: CHALCIDOIDEA), 4 Subfamily Encyrtinae: tribes Arrhenophagini, Habrolepidini, Cerapterocerini, Cheiloneurini, Trechnitini, Cercobelini, Polaszekiini, Protyndarichoidini, Gahaniellini and Syrphophagini (part), mainly primary parasitoids and hyperparasitoids of Coccoidea and Psylloidea (Hemiptera), pp. 1-921 in Taxonomic Monographs on Neotropical Hymenoptera (Oxford, England) (Oxford, England) 2 (11) on page 234, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8074943