cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
(:unas) unassigned
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universita' degli Studi di Salerno
Year: 2024

description: Giorgio Manganelli è stato un attento lettore di Leopardi. La «gioia teoretica» del Dialogo di Torquato Tasso e del suo Genio familiare è per lui l'emblema di una narrativa strettamente connessa alle figure della retorica ma anche venata di una sotterranea riflessione morale. Il primo libro di Manganelli, Hilarotragoedia (1963) e altri suoi scritti vengono indagati e commentati alla luce delle affinità tematiche e stilistiche con alcuni passi delle Operette morali di Leopardi, che valgono come un modello insieme di filosofia negativa e di immaginazione mitica.
description: Giorgio Manganelli was an attentive reader of Leopardi. The «theoretical joy» of the Dialogo di Torquato Tasso e del suo Genio familiare is for him the emblem of a fiction closely connected to the figures of speech but also tinged with an underground moral reflection. Manganelli's first book, Hilarotragoedia (1963) and his other writings are investigated and commented upon in the light of the thematic and stylistic (similarities) with some (excerpts) of Leopardi's Operette morali, which serve as a model for both negative philosophy and mythical imagination.
Spatially resolved observations of outflows in the radio loud AGN of UGC 8782
Creators: name: Riffel, Rogemar A.
name: Riffel, Rogério
name: Bianchin, Marina
name: Storchi-Bergmann, Thaisa
name: de Oliveira, Gabriel Luan Souza
name: Zakamska, Nadia L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use optical Integral Field Spectroscopy (IFU) to study the gas emission structure and kinematics in the inner 3.4$\times$4.9 kpc$^2$ region of the galaxy UGC 8782 (3C 293), host of a radio loud Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN). The observations were performed with the GMOS-IFU on the Gemini North telescope, resulting in a spatial resolution of $\sim725$ pc at the distance of the galaxy. While the stars present ordered rotation following the orientation of the large scale disc, the gas shows a disturbed kinematics. The emission-line profiles present two kinematic components: a narrow ($σ\lesssim200$ km s$^{-1}$) component associated with the gas in the disc of the galaxy and a broad ($σ\gtrsim200$ km s$^{-1}$) component produced by gas outflows. Emission-line ratio diagrams indicate that the gas in the disc is excited by the AGN radiation field, while the emission of the outflow includes additional contribution of shock excitation due to the interaction of the radio jet with the environment gas. Deviations from pure rotation, of up to 30 km s$^{-1}$, are observed in the disc component and likely produced by a previous merger event. The broad component is blueshifted by $\sim150-500$ km s$^{-1}$ relative to the systemic velocity of the galaxy in all locations. We construct radial profiles of the mass outflow rate and kinetic power of the ionized gas outflows, which have the maximum values at $\sim1$ kpc from the nucleus with peak values of $\dot{M}_{\rm out,ΔR}=0.5\pm0.1$ M$_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$ and $\dot{K}_{\rm out,ΔR} =$(6.8$\pm$1.1)$\times$10$^{41}$ erg s$^{-1}$. The kinetic coupling efficiency of these outflows is in the range of 1$-$3 per cent, indicating that they could be powerful enough to affect the star formation in the host galaxy as predicted by theoretical simulations.
description: Accepted for publication by MNRAS
Adeno-associated Virus 9 Mediated FKRP Gene Therapy Restores Functional Glycosylation of α-dystroglycan and Improves Muscle Functions
Creators: name: Qiao, Chunping
name: Xiao, Bin
name: Keramaris, Elizabeth
name: Lu, Qi Long
name: Xu, Lei
name: Xiao, Xiao
name: Lu, Pei Juan
name: Blake, Derek J
name: Wang, Chi-Hsien
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Mutations in the FKRP gene are associated with a wide range of muscular dystrophies from mild limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) 2I to severe Walker–Warburg syndrome and muscle-eye-brain disease. The characteristic biochemical feature of these diseases is the hypoglycosylation of α-dystroglycan (α-DG). Currently there is no effective treatment available. In this study, we examined the adeno-associated virus serotype 9 vector (AAV9)-mediated gene therapy in the FKRP mutant mouse model with a proline to leucine missense mutation (P448L). Our results showed that intraperitoneal administration of AAV9-FKRP resulted in systemic FKRP expression in all striated muscles examined with the highest levels in cardiac muscle. Consistent with our previous observations, FKRP protein is localized in the Golgi apparatus in myofibers. Expression of FKRP consequently restored functional glycosylation of α-DG in the skeletal and cardiac muscles. Significant improvement in dystrophic pathology, serum creatine kinase levels and muscle function was observed. Only limited FKRP transgene expression was detected in kidney and liver with no detectable toxicity. Our results provided evidence for the utility of AAV-mediated gene replacement therapy for FKRP-related muscular dystrophies.
Freshwater zooplankton in the Hawkesbury-Nepean River: comparison of community structure with other rivers
Creators: name: Kobayashi, T
name: Shiel, R. J
name: Gibbs, P
name: Dixon, P. I
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: La Trobe University Faculty of Science, Technology and Engineering Murray Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

The Hawkesbury-Nepean River is a regulated coastal river in New South Wales, Australia. Between March 1992and March 1993, the freshwater portion of the river was inhabited by a taxonomically rich (total: 116 taxa) anddense (annual mean community density: up to 1024 animals l−1) microzooplankton community, comparable tothat in some of the large regulated temperate rivers in the Northern Hemisphere. The common zooplankton taxa inthe river were similar to those observed in other rivers at the genus or species level, with a characteristic increasein protists (Vorticella spp.) towards the downstream reaches of the river. Zooplankton community density in theHawkesbury-NepeanRiver was, to some degree, predictable from river environmental variables: densitywas significantlynegatively correlated with river flow rate but positively correlated with temperature, turbidity, conductivity,total phosphorus and chlorophyll a. The results of the present study generally conform to the hypothesis of similarstructure of zooplankton communities in rivers, relative to that in lakes.
New insight into the massive eccentric binary HD 165052: self-consistent orbital solution, apsidal motion, and fundamental parameters
Creators: name: Rosu, Sophie
name: Quintero, Edwin A.
name: Rauw, Gregor
name: Eenens, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: HD165052 is a short-period massive eccentric binary system that undergoes apsidal motion. As the rate of apsidal motion is directly related to the internal structure constants of the binary components, its study allows to get insight into the internal structure of the stars. We use medium- and high-resolution spectroscopic observations of HD165052 to provide constraints on the fundamental properties of the binary system and the evolutionary state of its components. We apply a spectral disentangling code to reconstruct artefact-free spectra of the individual stars and derive the radial velocities (RVs) at the times of the observations. We perform the first analysis of the disentangled spectra with the non-LTE model atmosphere code CMFGEN to determine the stellar properties. We derive the first self-consistent orbital solution of all existing RV data, including those reported in the literature, accounting for apsidal motion. We build, for the very first time, dedicated stellar evolution tracks with the Clés code requesting the theoretical effective temperatures and luminosities to match those obtained from our spectroscopic analysis. The binary system HD165052, consisting of an O6.5V((f)) primary and an O7V((f)) secondary, displays apsidal motion at a rate of (11.30+0.64-0.49)$°$yr$^{-1}$. Evolutionary masses are compared to minimum dynamical masses to constrain the orbital inclination. Evolutionary masses Mev,P=24.8$\pm$1.0M$_\odot$ and Mev,S=20.9$\pm$1.0M$_\odot$ and radii Rev,P=7.0+0.5-0.4R$_\odot$ and Rev,S=6.2+0.4-0.3R$_\odot$ are derived, and the inclination is constrained to 22.1$°\le i\le 23.3°$. Theoretical apsidal motion rates, derived assuming an age of 2.0+/-0.5 Myr for the binary, are in agreement with the observational determination. The agreement with theoretical apsidal motion rates enforces the inferred values of the evolutionary stellar masses and radii.
description: 17 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2205.11207
Additional file 1 of Fault geometry invariance and dislocation potential in antiplane crustal deformation: physics-informed simultaneous solutions
Creators: name: Okazaki, Tomohisa
name: Hirahara, Kazuro
name: Ueda, Naonori
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Geophysics

description: Additional file 1.
Hyperfine excitation of N$_2$H$^+$ by H$_2$: Toward a revision of N$_2$H$^+$ abundance in cold molecular clouds
Creators: name: Lique, François
name: Daniel, Fabien
name: Pagani, Laurent
name: Feautrier, Nicole
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The modelling of emission spectra of molecules seen in interstellar clouds requires the knowledge of collisional rate coefficients. Among the commonly observed species, N$_2$H$^+$ is of particular interest since it was shown to be a good probe of the physical conditions of cold molecular clouds. Thus, we have calculated hyperfine-structure resolved excitation rate coefficients of N$_2$H$^+$(X$^1Σ^+$) by H$_2(j=0)$, the most abundant collisional partner in the cold interstellar medium. The calculations are based on a new potential energy surface, obtained from highly correlated {\it ab initio} calculations. State-to-state rate coefficients between the first hyperfine levels were calculated, for temperatures ranging from 5 K to 70 K. By comparison with previously published N$_2$H$^+$-He rate coefficients, we found significant differences which cannot be reproduced by a simple scaling relationship. As a first application, we also performed radiative transfer calculations, for physical conditions typical of cold molecular clouds. We found that the simulated line intensities significantly increase when using the new H$_2$ rate coefficients, by comparison with the predictions based on the He rate coefficients. In particular, we revisited the modelling of the N$_2$H$^+$ emission in the LDN 183 core, using the new collisional data, and found that all three of the density, gas kinetic temperature and N$_2$H$^+$ abundance had to be revised.
Metallicity evolution of AGNs from UV emission-lines based on a new index
Creators: name: Dors, Oli L.
name: Cardaci, Monica V.
name: Hagele, Guillermo F.
name: Krabbe, Angela C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyzed the evolution of the metallicity of the gas with the redshift for a sample of AGNs in a very wide redshift range (0
description: 25 pages, 10 figures, accepted MNRAS
Arsenic Trioxide Stabilizes Accumulations of Adeno-Associated Virus Virions at the Perinuclear Region, Increasing Transduction In Vitro and In Vivo
Creators: name: Mitchell, A. M.
name: Samulski, R. J.
name: Li, C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Interactions with cellular stress pathways are central to the life cycle of many latent viruses. Here, we utilize adeno-associated virus (AAV) as a model to study these interactions, as previous studies have demonstrated that cellular stressors frequently increase transduction of recombinant AAV (rAAV) vectors and may even substitute for helper virus functions. Since several chemotherapeutic drugs are known to increase rAAV transduction, we investigated the effect of arsenic trioxide (As2O3), an FDA-approved chemotherapeutic agent with known effects on several other virus life cycles, on the transduction of rAAV. In vitro, As2O3 caused a dose-dependent increase in rAAV2 transduction over a broad range of cell lines from various cell types and species (e.g., HEK-293, HeLa, HFF hTERT, C-12, and Cos-1). Mechanistically, As2O3 treatment acted to prevent loss of virions from the perinuclear region, which correlated with increased cellular vector genome retention, and was distinguishable from proteasome inhibition. To extend our investigation of the cellular mechanism, we inhibited reactive oxygen species formation and determined that the As2O3-mediated increase in rAAV2 transduction was dependent upon production of reactive oxygen species. To further validate our in vitro data, we tested the effect of As2O3 on rAAV transduction in vivo and determined that treatment initiated transgene expression as early as 2 days posttransduction and increased reporter expression by up to 10-fold. Moreover, the transduction of several other serotypes of rAAV was also enhanced in vivo, suggesting that As2O3 affects a pathway used by several AAV serotypes. In summary, our data support a model wherein As2O3 increases rAAV transduction both in vitro and in vivo and maintains perinuclear accumulations of capsids, facilitating productive nuclear trafficking.
Anomalous zeta potential in foam films
Creators: name: Joly, Laurent
name: Detcheverry, François
name: Biance, Anne-Laure
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrokinetic effects offer a method of choice to control flows in micro and nanofluidic systems. While a rather clear picture of these phenomena exists now for the liquid-solid interfaces, the case of liquid-air interfaces remains largely unexplored. Here we investigate at the molecular level electrokinetic transport in a liquid film covered with ionic surfactants. We find that the zeta potential, quantifying the amplitude of electrokinetic effects, depends on the surfactant coverage in an unexpected way. First, it increases upon lowering surfactant coverage from saturation. Second, it does not vanish in the limit of low coverage, but instead approaches a finite value. This behavior is rationalized by taking into account the key role of interfacial hydrodynamics, together with an ion-binding mechanism. We point out implications of these results for the strongly debated measurements of zeta potential at free interfaces, and for electrokinetic transport in liquid foams.
The atomic-to-molecular hydrogen transition in the TNG50 simulation: Using realistic UV fields to create spatially resolved HI maps
Creators: name: Gebek, Andrea
name: Baes, Maarten
name: Diemer, Benedikt
name: de Blok, W. J. G.
name: Nelson, Dylan
name: Kapoor, Anand Utsav
name: Camps, Peter
name: Rabyang, Omphile
name: Leeuw, Lerothodi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cold gas in galaxies provides a crucial test to evaluate the realism of cosmological hydrodynamical simulations. To extract the atomic and molecular hydrogen properties of the simulated galaxy population, postprocessing methods taking the local UV field into account are required. We improve upon previous studies by calculating realistic UV fields with the dust radiative transfer code SKIRT to model the atomic-to-molecular transition in TNG50, the highest-resolution run of the IllustrisTNG suite. Comparing integrated quantities such as the HI mass function, we study to what detail the UV field needs to be modelled in order to calculate realistic cold gas properties. We then evaluate new, spatially resolved comparisons for cold gas in galaxies by exploring synthetic maps of atomic hydrogen at redshift zero and compare them to 21-cm observations of local galaxies from the WHISP survey. In terms of non-parametric morphologies, we find that TNG50 HI maps are less concentrated than their WHISP counterparts (median $ΔC\approx0.3$), due in part to central HI deficits related to the ejective character of supermassive black hole feedback in TNG. In terms of the HI column density distribution function, we find discrepancies between WHISP and IllustrisTNG that depend on the total HI abundance in these datasets as well as the postprocessing method. To fully exploit the synergy between cosmological simulations and upcoming deep HI/H2 data, we advocate the use of accurate methods to estimate the UV radiation field and to generate mock maps.
description: 21 pages, 10 figures (main text). Accepted to MNRAS
GPU-based framework for detecting small Solar System bodies in targeted exoplanet surveys
Creators: name: Burdanov, Artem
name: Hasler, Samantha
name: de Wit, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Small Solar System bodies are pristine remnants of Solar System formation, which provide valuable insights for planetary science and astronomy. Their discovery and cataloging also have strong practical implications to life on Earth as the nearest asteroids could pose a serious impact threat. Concurrently with dedicated observational projects, searches for small bodies have been performed on numerous archival data sets from different facilities. Here, we present a framework to increase the scientific return of an exoplanet transit-search survey by recovering serendipitous detections of small bodies in its daily and archival data using a GPU-based synthetic tracking algorithm. As a proof of concept, we analysed $12 \times 12 \mathrm{arcmin^2}$ sky fields observed by the 1-m telescopes of the SPECULOOS survey. We analysed 90 sky fields distributed uniformly across the sky as part of the daily search for small bodies and 21 archival fields located within 5 deg from the ecliptic plane as part of the archival search (4.4 deg$^2$ in total). Overall, we identified 400 known objects of different dynamical classes from Inner Main-belt Asteroids to Jupiter Trojans and 43 potentially new small bodies with no priors on their motion. We were able to reach limiting magnitude for unknown objects of $V$=23.8 mag, and a retrieval rate of $\sim$80% for objects with $V<$22 mag and $V<$23.5 mag for the daily and archival searches, respectively. SPECULOOS and similar exoplanet surveys can thus serve as pencil-beam surveys for small bodies and probe parameter space beyond $V$=22 mag.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS (Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society), 11 pages, 11 figures
Codelivery of VEGF siRNA and Gemcitabine Monophosphate in a Single Nanoparticle Formulation for Effective Treatment of NSCLC
Creators: name: Huang, Leaf
name: Rogers, Arlin B
name: Schwerbrock, Nicole MJ
name: Kim, William Y
name: Zhang, Yuan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: There is an urgent need for new therapeutics for the treatment of aggressive and metastatic refractory human non-small–cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Antiangiogenesis therapy and chemotherapy are the two major treatment options. Unfortunately, both types of therapies when used individually have their disadvantages. Integrating antiangiogenesis therapy with chemotherapy is expected to target the tumor's vascular endothelial cells and the tumor cells simultaneously. In this study, we coformulated Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) siRNA targeting VEGFs and gemcitabine monophosphate (GMP) into a single cell-specific, targeted lipid/calcium/phosphate (LCP) nanoparticle formulation. Antitumor effect of the combination therapy using LCP loaded with both VEGF siRNA and GMP was evaluated in both subcutaneous and orthotopic xenograft models of NSCLC with systemic administration. The improved therapeutic response, as compared with either VEGF siRNA or GMP therapy alone, was supported by the observation of 30–40% induction of tumor cell apoptosis, eightfold reduction of tumor cell proliferation and significant decrease of tumor microvessel density (MVD). The combination therapy led to dramatic inhibition of tumor growth, with little in vivo toxicity. In addition, the current studies demonstrated the possibility of incorporating multiple nucleic acid molecules and phosphorylated small-molecule drugs, targeting to different pathways, into a single nanoparticle formulation for profound therapeutic effect.
Review of physics results from the Tevatron: QCD physics
Creators: name: Mesropian, Christina
name: Bandurin, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a summary of results from studies of quantum chromodynamics at the Fermilab Tevatron collider by the CDF and the D0 experiments. These include Run II results for the time period up to the end of Summer 2014. A brief description of Run I resultsis also given. This review covers a wide spectrum of topics, and includes measurements with jet and vector boson final states in the hard (perturbative) energy regime, as well as studies of soft physics such as diffractive and elastic scatterings, underlying and minimum bias events, hadron fragmentation, and multiple parton interactions.
description: Article submitted to the International Journal of Modern Physics A (IJMPA) as one of the seven chapters of the special issue on the "Review of Physics at the Tevatron", editor G. Bernardi. This article containes the chapter on the QCD physics part of the review. 44 pages, 36 figures, 132 references."
Coherence area profiling in multi-spatial-mode squeezed states
Creators: name: Lawrie, B. J.
name: Pooser, R. C.
name: Otterstrom, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of multiple bipartite entangled modes in squeezed states generated by four wave mixing in atomic vapors enables ultra-trace sensing, imaging, and metrology applications that are impossible to achieve with single-spatial-mode squeezed states. For Gaussian seed beams, the spatial distribution of bipartite entangled modes, or coherence areas, across each beam is largely dependent on the spatial modes present in the pump beam, but it has proven difficult to map the distribution of these coherence areas in frequency and space. We demonstrate an accessible method to map the distribution of the coherence areas within these twin beams. We also show that the pump shape can impart different noise properties to each coherence area, and that it is possible to select and detect coherence areas with optimal squeezing with this approach.
Influence of dam operation on mayfly assemblage structure and life histories in two south-eastern Australian streams
Creators: name: Pardo, I
name: Campbell, I. C
name: Brittain, J. E
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: La Trobe University Faculty of Science, Technology and Engineering Murray Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

The mayfly fauna, and in particular the life histories of two mayflies, Coloburiscoides sp. and Baetis sp. 3, was studied in two nearby streams located in the headwaters of the River Murray, SE Australia. The Mitta Mitts River is regulated by the Dartmouth Dam which releases cold water in summer for irrigation. Snowy Creek is a tributary of the Mitta Mitta River with natural flow and temperature regimes. The structure of the mayfly assemblage differs in the two streams. In the regulated Mitta Mitta there are 11 species, of which, caenids (Tasmanocaenis tonnoiri and River Murray sp. C), Coloburiscoides sp. and Baetis sp. 3 dominate. Snowy Creek, with a richer assemblage of 17 species, was dominated by Coloburiscoides sp., Baetis sp. 3 and two Austrophlebioides species. Monthly collections of mayfly nymphs and adults between September 1987 and August 1988, in both streams, allowed evaluation of possible life history changes in relation to dam operation. Coloburiscoides sp. and Baetis sp. 3 had synchronous life histories at both regulated and unregulated sites. Coloburiscoides appeared to be univoltine, and Baetis polyvoltine. At the regulated site, nymphal abundance in both Coloburiscoides and Baetis declined during the summer release, which coincided with the beginning of nymphal recruitment and appeared to delay nymphal hatching in Coloburiscoides.
Macroinvertebrate sampling methods for lowland Australian rivers
Creators: name: Humphries, P
name: Growns, J. E
name: Serafini, L. G
name: Hawking, J. H
name: Chick, A. J
name: Lake, P. S
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: La Trobe University Faculty of Science, Technology and Engineering Murray Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

The macroinvertebrate communities of large lowland rivers are little studied, partly because of the lack of suitablecollection methods. In this study, four macroinvertebrate collecting methods: two artificial substrates, snags andonionbagbaskets; airliftsampling of soft sediments; and sweep net sampling of edges (including macrophytestands where they occurred) were trialed in four lowland rivers within the MurrayDarlingBasin in southeasternAustralia. The subset of the macroinvertebrate community collected by each method was determined and thenumber of replicates needed for a given degree of precision was estimated. Sweep samples were dominated byhemipterans and were the best method for collecting decapods and beetles. The other three methods collectedmostly chironomid, caenid mayfly and ecnomid caddisfly larvae and oligochaetes. The artificial snag and basketsamples had surprisingly similar compositions but the snag samples did contain some taxa, such as Dicrotendipes,Paratanytarsus and woodboringbeetles, that basket samples did not. The densities of macroinvertebrates collectedby artificial snags, sweep and airliftsamples were similar. We concluded that each of the methods could be usedin lowland rivers but for different purposes. For example, if quantitative data are needed, only airliftsand snagswould be appropriate, whereas if a species list is required, snags and sweeps would be most effective.
SITY, l’App tutela e valorizzazione del patrimonio archeologico [poster]
SITY, l’App tutela e valorizzazione del patrimonio archeologico [poster]
Creators: name: Vitaloni, Chiara
Publisher: name: C. Vitaloni, "SITY, l'App tutela e valorizzazione del patrimonio archeologico", in Metti la storia al lavoro! Seconda conferenza italiana di Public History. Pisa, 11-15 giugno 2018
Year: 2020

description: Il 2018 è stato proclamato dall’Unione Europea l’anno del Patrimonio Culturale (Decisione UE 2017/864), al fine di incoraggiare la condivisione e la valorizzazione dei beni culturali presenti nel nostro continente. Sotto quest’ottica, a livello nazionale, si inserisce il progetto dell’app Sity, vincitrice del “Premio Antonella Fiammenghi” nell’ottobre 2017 durante la Borsa Mediterranea del Turismo Archeologico di Paestum (SA). L’obiettivo di Sity è stato quello di creare un’app mirata a sfruttare la tecnologia del geofence per avvisare l’utente con una notifica su uno smartphone dotato di un sistema operativo Android, nel momento in cui egli entra nel perimetro (avente il raggio di un chilometro) di un’area archeologica menzionata sul database
Phosphorus removal rates in bucket size planted wetlands with a vertical hydraulic flow
Creators: name: Lantze, I. R
name: Heritage, A. D
name: Pistillo, G
name: Mitchell, D. S
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: La Trobe University Faculty of Science, Technology and Engineering Murray Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

Rate studies of orthophosphate removal from wastewater in Schoenoplectus validus Vahl. (A Love and D Love) planted bucket-sized vertical upflow wetlands occurs simultaneously through three removal processes. In order of decreasing rate, these are reversible sorption to the gravel substratum, reversible conversion to complex phosphorus compounds, and irreversible uptake by plant roots. Mixing the rhizosphere liquid, using forced convection, accelerated orthophosphate removal; concentrations falling from ≈10 mg litre−1 to < 0.2 mg litre−1 in < 48 h. The rate determining step in systems without rhizosphere liquid mixing appears to be diffusive transport of phosphate. Over two years, initial removal rates, and minimum reactive phosphorus concentrations changed little, but aged or high BOD systems sometimes released reactive phosphorus or tannins holding large amounts of phosphorus. The relevance of these mechanisms to total wetland assimilative capacity, and effluent quality, are evaluated.
Active elastic dimers: Cells moving on rigid tracks
Creators: name: Lopez, J. H.
name: Das, Moumita
name: Schwarz, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experiments suggest that the migration of some cells in the three-dimensional extra cellular matrix bears strong resemblance to one-dimensional cell migration. Motivated by this observation, we construct and study a minimal one-dimensional model cell made of two beads and an active spring moving along a rigid track. The active spring models the stress fibers with their myosin-driven contractility and alpha-actinin-driven extendability, while the friction coefficients of the two beads describe the catch/slip bond behavior of the integrins in focal adhesions. In the absence of active noise, net motion arises from an interplay between active contractility (and passive extendability) of the stress fibers and an asymmetry between the front and back of the cell due to catch bond behavior of integrins at the front of the cell and slip bond behavior of integrins at the back. We obtain reasonable cell speeds with independently estimated parameters. We also study the effects of hysteresis in the active spring, due to catch bond behavior and the dynamics of cross-linking, and the addition of active noise on the motion of the cell. Our model highlights the role of alpha-actinin in three-dimensional cell motility and does not require Arp2/3 actin filament nucleation for net motion.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
Lifted particles from the fast spinning primary of the Near-Earth Asteroid (65803) Didymos
Creators: name: Trógolo, Nair
name: Bagatin, Adriano Campo
name: Moreno, Fernando
name: Benavidez, Paula G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An increasing number of Near Earth Asteroids (NEAs) in the range of a few hundred meters to a few kilometres in size have relatively high spin rates, from less than 4 h, down to $\sim$2.2 h, depending on spectral type. For some of these bodies, local acceleration near the equator may be directed outwards so that lift off of near-equatorial material is possible. In particular, this may be the case for asteroid Didymos, the primary of the (65803) Didymos binary system, which is the target of the DART (NASA) and Hera (ESA) space missions. The study of the dynamics of particles in such an environment has been carried out -- in the frame of the Hera mission and the EC-H2020 NEO-MAPP project -- according to the available shape model, known physical parameters and orbital information available before the DART impact. The presence of orbiting particles in the system is likely for most of the estimated range of values for mass and volume. The spatial mass density of ejected material is calculated for different particle sizes and at different heliocentric orbit epochs, revealing that large particles dominate the density distribution and that small particle abundance depends on observation epoch. Estimates of take off and landing areas on Didymos are also reported. Available estimates of the system mass and primary extents, after the DART mission, confirm that the main conclusions of this study are valid in the context of current knowledge.
Comparison of Fetal Mesencephalic Grafts, AAV-delivered GDNF, and Both Combined in an MPTP-induced Nonhuman Primate Parkinson’s Model
Creators: name: Sladek, John R
name: Redmond, D Eugene
name: Bjugstad, Kimberly B
name: Kingsbery, Joseph P
name: Leranth, Csaba
name: Samulski, Richard J
name: McEntire, Caleb R S
name: Roth, Robert H
name: Elsworth, John D
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: We combined viral vector delivery of human glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) with the grafting of dopamine (DA) precursor cells from fetal ventral mesencephalon (VM) to determine whether these strategies would improve the anti-Parkinson's effects in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-treated monkeys, an animal model for Parkinson's disease (PD). Both strategies have been reported as individually beneficial in animal models of PD, leading to clinical studies. GDNF delivery has also been reported to augment VM tissue implants, but no combined studies have been done in monkeys. Monkeys were treated with MPTP and placed into four balanced treatment groups receiving only recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 5 (rAAV5)/hu-GDNF, only fetal DA precursor cells, both together, or a buffered saline solution (control). The combination of fetal precursors with rAAV5/hu-GDNF showed significantly higher striatal DA concentrations compared with the other treatments, but did not lead to greater functional improvement in this study. For the first time under identical conditions in primates, we show that all three treatments lead to improvement compared with control animals.
Updated radial velocities and new constraints on the nature of the unseen source in NGC1850 BH1
Creators: name: Saracino, Sara
name: Shenar, Tomer
name: Kamann, Sebastian
name: Bastian, Nate
name: Gieles, Mark
name: Usher, Christopher
name: Bodensteiner, Julia
name: Kochoska, Angela
name: Orosz, Jerome A.
name: Sana, Hugues
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A black hole candidate orbiting a luminous star in the Large Magellanic Cloud young cluster NGC 1850 ($\sim100$Myr) has recently been reported based on radial velocity and light curve modelling. Subsequently, an alternative explanation has been suggested for the system: a bloated post-mass transfer secondary star (M$_{\rm initial} \sim 4-5M_{\odot}$, M$_{\rm current} \sim 1-2M_{\odot}$) with a more massive, yet luminous companion (the primary). Upon reanalysis of the MUSE spectra, we found that the radial velocity variations originally reported were underestimated ($K_{\rm 2,revised} = 176\pm3$km/s vs $K_{\rm 2,original} = 140\pm3$km/s) because of the weighting scheme adopted in the full-spectrum fitting analysis. The increased radial velocity semi-amplitude translates into a system mass function larger than previously deduced ($f_{\rm revised}$=2.83$M_{\odot}$ vs $f_{\rm original}$=1.42$M_{\odot}$). By exploiting the spectral disentangling technique, we place an upper limit of 10\% of a luminous primary source to the observed optical light in NGC1850 BH1, assuming that the primary and secondary are the only components contributing to the system. Furthermore, by analysing archival near-infrared data, we find clues to the presence of an accretion disk in the system. These constraints support a low-mass post-mass transfer star but do not provide a definitive answer whether the unseen component in NGC1850 BH1 is indeed a black hole. These results predict a scenario where, if a primary luminous source of mass M $\ge 4.7M_{\odot}$, is present in the system (given the inclination and secondary mass constraints), it must be hidden in a optically thick disk to be undetected in the MUSE spectra.
description: 10 pages, 8 Figures and 2 Tables. Accepted for publication by MNRAS
Mouvement et origine du calcul infinitésimal Philosophie et continuité
Creators: name: Ofman, Salomon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This article has his origin in some lectures given at the University of Bologna, inside an interdisciplinary program of mathematics, history of science, physics and philosophy. Since they are at the junction of these fields, movement and infinitesimal calculus are good instances to understand some fundamental questions in history of sciences, the diversity of the conceptions stretching across it and more generally the philosophy background of theses researches. It is the field where the 'struggle of giants' takes place. In this article we consider the general foundations needed for this study, in particular its philosophical background. While the principal question concerns 'the one and the multiple' it is treated through the study of the 'discreet and the continuous' considered under both his philosophical and mathematical aspect. In a second article we will consider the relation between the theorization of the movement and the infinitesimal calculus, and their historical background where they were able to grow
description: in French
Improved Survival and Reduced Phenotypic Severity Following AAV9/MECP2 Gene Transfer to Neonatal and Juvenile Male Mecp2 Knockout Mice
Creators: name: Ross, Paul D
name: Deng, Jie V
name: Gadalla, Kamal KE
name: Woodard, Kenton T
name: Cobb, Stuart R
name: Spike, Rosemary C
name: Bailey, Mark ES
name: Gray, Steven J
name: Bachaboina, Lavanya
name: Kalburgi, Sahana Nagabhushan
name: Samulski, R Jude
name: West, Anne E
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Typical Rett syndrome (RTT) is a pediatric disorder caused by loss-of-function mutations in the methyl-CpG binding protein 2 (MECP2) gene. The demonstrated reversibility of RTT-like phenotypes in mice suggests that MECP2 gene replacement is a potential therapeutic option in patients. We report improvements in survival and phenotypic severity in Mecp2-null male mice after neonatal intracranial delivery of a single-stranded (ss) AAV9/chicken β-actin (CBA)-MECP2 vector. Median survival was 16.6 weeks for MECP2-treated versus 9.3 weeks for green fluorescent protein (GFP)-treated mice. ssAAV9/CBA-MECP2–treated mice also showed significant improvement in the phenotype severity score, in locomotor function, and in exploratory activity, as well as a normalization of neuronal nuclear volume in transduced cells. Wild-type (WT) mice receiving neonatal injections of the same ssAAV9/CBA-MECP2 vector did not show any significant deficits, suggesting a tolerance for modest MeCP2 overexpression. To test a MECP2 gene replacement approach in a manner more relevant for human translation, a self-complementary (sc) adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector designed to drive MeCP2 expression from a fragment of the Mecp2 promoter was injected intravenously (IV) into juvenile (4–5 weeks old) Mecp2-null mice. While the brain transduction efficiency in juvenile mice was low (~2–4% of neurons), modest improvements in survival were still observed. These results support the concept of MECP2 gene therapy for RTT.
Protoplast ion fluxes: their measurement and variation with time, position and osmoticum
Creators: name: Shabala, Sergey
name: Newman, Ian
name: Whittington, John
name: Juswono, Unggul
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: La Trobe University Faculty of Science, Technology and Engineering Murray Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

The ability to measure directly individual protoplast ion fluxes is a valuable addition to patch clamp and other techniques when using protoplasts to study membrane transporters. Before interpreting observations on protoplasts in terms of behaviour of intact cells and tissues, some methodological questions should be addressed. These include effects of space and time variations of transporter activities over the membrane, the osmotic dependence of specific ion transporters and the effect of the regenerating cell wall. In this study net H+ and Ca2+ fluxes were measured from individual corn (Zea mays L.) coleoptile protoplasts using a noninvasive microelectrode technique for ion flux measurements. For Ca2+, the flux distribution was almost symmetrical, ranging +/- 30 nmol.m(-2).s(-1) around zero. For H+ it was skewed towards efflux ranging from -100 to + 10 nmol.m(-2).s(-1). The distribution of H+ fluxes through the protoplast surface was a complex mosaic which changed with time, sometimes showing oscillations. These flux variations with time and position around the surface, apparently driven by endogenous mechanisms, may be relevant to protoplast pH homeostasis. When the new cell wall was partially regenerated on the next day, the correlation between H+ and Ca2+ fluxes increased. which is consistent with the weak-acid Donnan-Manning model of cell wall ion exchange.
LRG-BEASTS: Evidence for clouds in the transmission spectrum of HATS-46 b
Creators: name: Ahrer, E.
name: Wheatley, P. J.
name: Gandhi, S.
name: Kirk, J.
name: King, G. W.
name: Louden, T.
name: Welbanks, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed low-resolution ground-based spectroscopy of HATS-46 b in transmission, using the EFOSC2 instrument on the ESO New Technology Telescope (NTT). HATS-46 b is a highly-inflated exoplanet that is a prime target for transmission spectroscopy, having a Jupiter-like radius (0.95 R$_\textrm{Jup}$) but a much lower mass (0.16 M$_\textrm{Jup}$). It orbits a G-type star with a 4.7 d period, giving an equilibrium temperature of 1100 K. We observed one transit of HATS-46 b with the NTT, with the time-series spectra covering a wavelength range of 3900 - 9000 Angstrom at a resolution of $R \sim 380$. We achieved a remarkably precise transmission spectrum of 1.03 $\times$ photon noise, with a median uncertainty of $357$ ppm for $\sim 200$ Angstrom wide bins, despite the relative faintness of the host star with $V_{\mathrm{mag}} = 13.6$. The transmission spectrum does not show strong absorption features and retrievals favour a cloudy model, ruling out a clear atmosphere with $3.0σ$ confidence. We also place a conservative upper limit on the sodium abundance under the alternative scenario of a clear atmosphere. This is the eighth planet in the LRG-BEASTS survey, which uses 4m-class telescopes such as the NTT to obtain low-resolution transmission spectra of hot Jupiters with precisions of around one atmospheric scale height.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Intravenous Delivery of siRNA Targeting CD47 Effectively Inhibits Melanoma Tumor Growth and Lung Metastasis
Creators: name: Sharma, Arati
name: Robertson, Gavin P
name: Zhang, Lu
name: Xu, Zhenghong
name: Huang, Leaf
name: Guo, Shutao
name: Wang, Yuhua
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: CD47 is a “self marker” that is usually overexpressed on the surface of cancer cells to enable them to escape immunosurveillance. Recognition of CD47 by its receptor, signal regulatory protein α (SIRPα), which is expressed in the macrophages, inhibits phagocytic destruction of cancer cells by the macrophages. In this study, we have first shown that clinical isolates of human melanoma significantly upregulate CD47, possibly as a mechanism to defend themselves against the macrophages. We then exploited RNA interference (RNAi) technology to test the hypothesis that knocking down CD47 in the tumor cells will render them targets for macrophage destruction; hence, creating a novel anti-cancer therapy. Anti-CD47 siRNA was encapsulated in a liposome-protamine-hyaluronic acid (LPH) nanoparticle (NP) formulation to address the challenge of targeted delivery of siRNA-based therapeutics in vivo. Efficient silencing of CD47 in tumor tissues with systemic administration of LPH(CD47) also significantly inhibited the growth of melanoma tumors. In a lung metastasis model, LPH(CD47) efficiently inhibited lung metastasis to about 27% of the untreated control. Moreover, no hematopoietic toxicity was observed in the animals that received multiple doses of LPH(CD47). Our findings indicate CD47 as a potential prognostic marker for melanoma development as well as a target for therapeutic intervention with RNAi-based nanomedicines.
Oversized AAV Transductifon Is Mediated via a DNA-PKcs-independent, Rad51C-dependent Repair Pathway
Creators: name: Pryadkina, Marina
name: Yin, Chaoying
name: Li, Chengwen
name: Samulski, Richard Jude
name: Richard, Isabelle
name: Hirsch, Matthew L
name: Bellon, Isabella
name: Chavala, Sai
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: A drawback of gene therapy using adeno-associated virus (AAV) is the DNA packaging restriction of the viral capsid (<4.7 kb). Recent observations demonstrate oversized AAV genome transduction through an unknown mechanism. Herein, AAV production using an oversized reporter (6.2 kb) resulted in chloroform and DNase-resistant particles harboring distinct “fragment” AAV (fAAV) genomes (5.0, 2.4, and 1.6 kb). Fractionation experiments determined that only the larger “fragments” mediated transduction in vitro, and relatively efficient transduction was also demonstrated in the muscle, the eye, and the liver. In contrast with concatemerization-dependent large-gene delivery by split AAV, fAAV transduction is independent of the catalytic subunit of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PKcs) in vitro and in vivo while disproportionately reliant on the DNA strand–annealing protein Rad51C. Importantly, fAAV's unique dependence on DNA repair proteins, compared with intact AAV, strongly suggests that the majority of oversized AAV transduction is mediated by fragmented genomes. Although fAAV transduction is less efficient than intact AAV, it is enhanced fourfold in muscle and sevenfold in the retina compared with split AAV transduction. Furthermore, fAAV carrying codon-optimized therapeutic dysferlin cDNA in a 7.5 kb expression cassette restored dysferlin levels in a dystrophic model. Collectively, oversized AAV genome transduction requires unique DNA repair pathways and offers an alternative, more efficient strategy for large-gene therapy.
Quantum corrections in massive bigravity and new effective composite metrics
Creators: name: Heisenberg, Lavinia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the one-loop quantum corrections to the interactions between the two metrics of the ghost-free massive bigravity. When considering gravitons running in the loops, we show how the structure of the interactions gets destabilized at the quantum level, exactly in the same way as in its massive gravity limit. A priori one might have expected a better quantum behavior, however the broken diffeomorphism invariance out of the two initial diffeomorphisms in bigravity has similar consequences at the quantum level as the broken diffeomorphism in massive gravity. From lessons of the generated quantum corrections through matter loops we propose yet other types of effective composite metrics to which the matter fields can couple. Among these new effective metrics there might be one or more that could provide interesting phenomenology and important cosmological implications.
description: 26 pages, references added