cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Role of Shift Vector in High-Harmonic Generation from Non-Centrosymmetric Topological Insulators under Strong Laser Fields
Creators: name: Qian, Chen
name: Yu, Chao
name: Jiang, Shicheng
name: Zhang, Tan
name: Gao, Jiacheng
name: Shi, Shang
name: Pi, Hanqi
name: Weng, Hongming
name: Lu, Ruifeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a promising avenue to obtain new extreme ultraviolet light source and detect electronic properties, high-harmonic generation (HHG) has been actively developed in both theory and experiment. In solids lacking inversion symmetry, when electrons undergo a nonadiabatic transition, a directional charge shift occurs and is characterized by shift vector, which measures the real-space shift of the photoexcited electron and hole. For the first time, we have revealed that shift vector plays prominent roles in the real-space tunneling mechanism of three-step model for electrons under strong laser fields. Since shift vector is determined by the topological properties of related wave functions, we expect HHG with its contribution can provide direct knowledge on the band topology in noncentrosymmetric topological insulators (TIs). In both Kane-Mele model and realistic material BiTeI, we have found that the shift vector reverses when band inversion happens during the topological phase transition between normal and topological insulators. Under oscillating strong laser fields, the reversal of shift vector leads to completely opposite radiation time of high-order harmonics. This makes HHG a feasible all-optical strong-field method to directly identify the band inversion in non-centrosymmetric TIs.
description: 25 pages, 12 figures
Pre-sentence reports and sentencing comments: description and comparison of psychiatric and psychological reports and their use in sentencing decisions
Creators: name: Tam, Mingwai
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Few empirical studies have investigated the use of mental health pre-sentence reports in criminal sentencing. The current study addressed this gap in the literature by examining and comparing 18 characteristics of 130 psychiatric and 38 psychological Forensicare pre-sentence reports and nine ways that the County Court of Victoria referred to the reports. Overall, the reports met the benchmarks of quality reports, and the court frequently referred to the reports favourably. The current study not only replicates previous findings, but also contributes new knowledge on report characteristics and their use in sentencing. The findings provide guidance for practising clinicians writing pre-sentence reports for the court.
Adaptive Random Quantum Eigensolver
Creators: name: Barraza, Nancy
name: Pan, Chi-Yue
name: Lamata, Lucas
name: Solano, Enrique
name: Albarrán-Arriagada, Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an adaptive random quantum algorithm to obtain an optimized eigensolver. Specifically, we introduce a general method to parametrize and optimize the probability density function of a random number generator, which is the core of stochastic algorithms. We follow a bioinspired evolutionary mutation method to introduce changes in the involved matrices. Our optimization is based on two figures of merit: learning speed and learning accuracy. This method provides high fidelities for the searched eigenvectors and faster convergence on the way to quantum advantage with current noisy intermediate-scaled quantum computers.
description: 7+5 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables
Anisops breddini Kirkaldy 1901
Creators: name: Nieser, Nico
name: Chen, Ping-ping
name: Yang, Chang Man
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Notonectidae
Anisops
Anisops breddini

description: Anisops breddini Kirkaldy, new record
 Anisops breddini Kirkaldy, 1901a: 5-6.
 Anisops breddeni Brooks, 1951: 439-441 (misspelling, redescription).
 Anisops breddini - Nieser, 2004: 85 (synonymy).
  Material examined. –  CHINA: Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, Mengkuan River, 19 May.2000, coll. H. H. Tan, 1 male (det. I. Lansbury); Menglun, Lily pond, botanical garden, 25 May.2000, coll. L. Cheng, 3 larvae IV-V (ZRC); Xishuangbanna, pool near power station, 6 Jun.2002, coll. C. M. Yang, 1 female (ZRC). First record for China.
  Distribution. –  India, Sri Lanka, Burma, Thailand, Vietnam, West Malaysia, Indonesia (Java, Sulawesi, New Guinea), and SW China.
description: Published as part of Nieser, Nico, Chen, Ping-ping & Yang, Chang Man, 2005, A New Subgenus And Six New Species Of Nepomorpha (Insecta: Heteroptera) From Yunnan, China, pp. 189-209 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 53 (2) on page 205, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4619081
Red blood cell transfusion in animal models of acute brain injuries: a systematic review protocol
Creators: name: Laflamme, Mathieu
name: Haghbayan, Hourmazd
name: Lalu, Manoj M.
name: Zarychanski, Ryan
name: Lauzier, François
name: Boutin, Amélie
name: Macleod, Malcolm R.
name: Fergusson, Dean A.
name: Moore, Lynne
name: Costerousse, Olivier
name: Lacroix, Jacques
name: Wellington, Cheryl L.
name: Hutchison, Jamie
name: Turgeon, Alexis F.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2021

description: Background Anemia is common in neurocritically ill patients. Considering the limited clinical evidence in this population, preclinical data may provide some understanding of the potential impact of anemia and of red blood cell transfusion in these patients. We aim to estimate the association between different transfusion strategies and neurobehavioral outcome in animal models. Methods We will conduct a systematic review of comparative studies of red blood cell transfusion strategies using animal models of traumatic brain injury, ischemic stroke or cerebral hemorrhage. We will search MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases for eligible studies from inception onwards. Two independent reviewers will perform study selection and data extraction. We will report our results in a descriptive synthesis focusing on characteristics of included studies, reported outcomes, risk of bias, and construct validity. Our primary outcome is the neurological function (neurobehavioral performance) and our secondary outcomes include mortality, infarct size, intracranial pressure, cerebral perfusion pressure, cerebral blood flow, and brain tissue oxygen tension. If appropriate, we will also perform a quantitative synthesis and pool results using random-effect models. Heterogeneity will be expressed with I2 statistics. Subgroup analyses are planned according to animal model characteristics, co-interventions, and risks of bias. Discussion Our study is aligned with the efforts to better understand the level of evidence on the impact of red blood cell transfusion strategies from preclinical studies in animal models of acute brain injury and the potential translation of information from the preclinical to the clinical research field.
Visualisation of quantised vortex reconnection as enabled by laser ablation
Creators: name: Minowa, Yosuke
name: Aoyagi, Shota
name: Inui, Sosuke
name: Nakagawa, Tomo
name: Asaka, Gamu
name: Tsubota, Makoto
name: Ashida, Masaaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Impurity injection into superfluid helium is a simple yet unique method with diverse applications, including high-precision spectroscopy, quantum computing, nano/micro materialsynthesis, and flow visualisation. Quantised vortices are believed to play a major role in the interaction between superfluid helium and light impurities. However, the basic principle governing the interaction is still controversial for dense materials such as semiconductor and metal impurities. Herein, we provide experimental evidence of the attraction of the dense silicon nanoparticles to the quantised vortex cores. We prepared the silicon nanoparticles via in-situ laser ablation. Following laser ablation, we observed that the silicon nanoparticles formed curved-filament-like structures, indicative of quantised vortex cores. We also observed that two accidentally intersecting quantised vortices exchanged their parts, a phenomenon called quantised vortex reconnection. This behaviour closely matches the dynamical scaling of reconnections. Our results provide a new method for visualising and studying impurity-quantised vortex interactions.
title: О механизме формирования социокультурных характеристик поколения
Creators: name: Звоновский, В. Б.
name: Прохоров, Д. В.
name: Цлаф, В. М.
Publisher: name: Реноме
Year: 2019

description: Сформулировано понятие поколения как элемента социокультурной структуры социума, рассмотрены механизмы формирования его ценностно-социокультурных характеристик под влиянием социальной среды и изменений жизненных обстоятельств. Выделено три типа ситуаций изменения жизненных обстоятельств: ситуация новых возможностей, ситуация новых целей и ситуация новых проблем. Механизмы изменения социокультурных норм проанализированы в ракурсе антропосоциетального подхода, разработанного Н.И. Лапиным. Механизмы формирования социокультурных характеристик поколения и влияющие на них исторические факторы рассмотрены применительно к результатам количественных социологических исследований, проведенных в 2004 и 2018 гг.
Ключевые слова: поколение, молодежь, ценностно-социокультурные характеристики, механизмы формирования, социальная среда, условия жизнедеятельности, антропосоциетальный подход, принцип преемственности, типы ситуаций.
Internationalization in the information age: A new era for places, firms, and international business networks?
Creators: name: Alcácer, Juan
name: Cantwell, John
name: Piscitello, Lucia
Publisher: name: Rutgers University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Information age
Internal and external networks
Connectivity
Ownership advantages
Eclectic paradigm

description: The new techno-economic paradigm of the information age has brought about new structures and processes in international business (IB). In this article, we examine the changing nature of the competitive advantages of places, the competitive advantages and strategies of firms, and the governance structure of IB networks in what has also been called the third industrial revolution. These three areas of change in IB activities can be mapped respectively to the location (L), ownership (O) and internalization (I) advantages of the eclectic paradigm. We interpret these OLI factors as dynamic constructs in order to depict analytically the shifts in the IB environment and their implications for IB.
Anisops breddini Kirkaldy 1901
Creators: name: Zettel, Herbert
name: Lane, David J. W.
name: Pangantihon, Clister V.
name: Freitag, Hendrik
name: Be, Jalan Tungku Link
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Notonectidae
Anisops
Anisops breddini

description: Anisops breddini Kirkaldy, 1901
(Fig. 1)
 Anisops breddini Kirkaldy, 1901: 5; NIESER (2004: 85); CHEN et al. (2005: 421); NIESER et al. (2008: 254).
 Material examined. VIETNAM: DONG NAI PROVINCE: Nam Cat Tien National Park, 1–16.vi.1994, leg. P. Pacholátko & L. Dembický, numerous JJ and ♀♀ (NHMW). LAM DONG PROVINCE: Da Lat City, 21–27.iv.1994, leg. P. Pacholátko & L. Dembický, numerous JJ and ♀♀ (NHMW). BRUNEI: TUTONG DISTRICT: Tasik Merimbun, 13.v.1993, leg. K. K. P. Lim & I. Das (ZRC Y845), 8 JJ 3 ♀♀ (ZRCS). Lukut, Sites 1A, 2B, 4B, 5B, “stagnant” stream, 27.i.2010, leg. D. J. W.Lane (1C, 1F, 1N), 4JJ 3♀♀ (UBDB, NHMW). PHILIPPINES: CEBU: Cebu City, Talamban, wetland near Mandaue, viii.2005, leg. C. V. Pangantihon, G. Montejo & V. Salaris, 8 JJ 5 ♀♀ (USCP, HZWA, NHMW). BOHOL: northern Bohol, southwest of Talibon, Zamora Dam, 25 m a.s.l., stream, 9.xi.2007, leg. H. Zettel (474a), 1 ♀ (NHMW).
 Distribution. Anisops breddini is widespread from Sri Lanka and India to New Guinea (NIESER 2004, CHEN et al. 2005) and very common on the Malay Peninsula and in Thailand (NIESER 2004, NIESER et al. 2008). Specimens from Brunei represent the first record from Borneo. Specimens from the Philippines are the first specified records from that country. In the checklist by CHEN et al. (2005) ‘PH’ (for ‘remaining Philippine Islands’ excluding the biogeographical regions of Greater Luzon, Greater Mindanao, and Greater Palawan) refers to some of the Cebu specimens mentioned above which were identified by Nico Nieser, Tiel. Listed are first records from Cebu and Bohol.
description: Published as part of Zettel, Herbert, Lane, David J. W., Pangantihon, Clister V., Freitag, Hendrik & Be, Jalan Tungku Link, 2012, Notes on Notonectidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from southeastern Asia, mostly from Brunei and the Philippines, pp. 29-48 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52 (1) on page 31, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5330381
Cataclysmic Variables in the Second Year of the Zwicky Transient Facility
Creators: name: Szkody, Paula
name: Loohuis, Clair Olde
name: Koplitz, Brad
name: van Roestel, Jan
name: Dicenzo, Brooke
name: Ho, Anna Y. Q.
name: Hillenbrand, Lynne A.
name: Bellm, Eric C.
name: DeKany, Richard
name: Drake, Andrew J.
name: Duev, Dmitry A.
name: Graham, Matthew J.
name: Kasliwal, Mansi M.
name: Mahabal, Ashish A.
name: Masci, Frank J.
name: Neill, James D.
name: Riddle, Reed
name: Rusholme, Benjamin
name: Sollerman, Jesper
name: Walters, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a filter in the GROWTH Marshal based on color and the amplitude and the timescale of variability, we have identified 372 objects as known or candidate cataclysmic variables (CVs) during the second year of operation of the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF). From the available difference imaging data, we found that 93 are previously confirmed CVs, and 279 are strong candidates. Spectra of four of the candidates confirm them as CVs by the presence of Balmer emission lines, while one of the four has prominent HeII lines indicative of containing a magnetic white dwarf. Gaia EDR3 parallaxes are available for 154 of these systems, resulting in distances from 108-2096 pc and absolute magnitudes in the range of 7.5-15.0, with the largest number of candidates between 10.5-12.5. The total numbers are 21% higher than from the previous year of the survey with a greater number of distances available but a smaller percentage of systems close to the Galactic plane. Comparison of these findings with a machine learning method of searching all the light curves reveals large differences in each dataset related to the parameters involved in the search process.
description: Accepted in AJ, 24 pages, 2 tables, 7 figures
Simulating Quantum Mechanics with a $θ$-term and an 't Hooft Anomaly on a Synthetic Dimension
Creators: name: Shen, Jiayu
name: Luo, Di
name: Huang, Chenxi
name: Clark, Bryan K.
name: El-Khadra, Aida X.
name: Gadway, Bryce
name: Draper, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A topological $θ$-term in gauge theories, including quantum chromodynamics in 3+1 dimensions, gives rise to a sign problem that makes classical Monte Carlo simulations impractical. Quantum simulations are not subject to such sign problems and are a promising approach to studying these theories in the future. In the near term, it is interesting to study simpler models that retain some of the physical phenomena of interest and their implementation on quantum hardware. For example, dimensionally-reducing gauge theories on small spatial tori produces quantum mechanical models which, despite being relatively simple to solve, retain interesting vacuum and symmetry structures from the parent gauge theories. Here we consider quantum mechanical particle-on-a-circle models, related by dimensional reduction to the 1+1d Schwinger model, that possess a $θ$-term and realize an 't Hooft anomaly or global inconsistency at $θ= π$. These models also exhibit the related phenomena of spontaneous symmetry breaking and instanton-anti-instanton interference in real time. We propose an experimental scheme for the real-time simulation of a particle on a circle with a $θ$-term and a $\mathbb{Z}_n$ potential using a synthetic dimension encoded in a Rydberg atom. Simulating the Rydberg atom with realistic experimental parameters, we demonstrate that the essential physics can be well-captured by the experiment, with expected behavior in the tunneling rate as a function of $θ$. Similar phenomena and observables can also arise in more complex quantum mechanical models connected to higher-dimensional nonabelian gauge theories by dimensional reduction.
description: 25 pages, 11 figures; minor changes and refs added, version accepted for publication in PRD
Downlink MIMO-RSMA with Successive Null-Space Precoding
Creators: name: Krishnamoorthy, Aravindh
name: Schober, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we consider the precoder design for an underloaded or critically loaded downlink multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system. We propose novel precoding and decoding schemes which enhance system performance based on rate splitting at the transmitter and single-stage successive interference cancellation at the receivers. The proposed successive null-space (SNS) precoding utilizes linear combinations of the null-space basis vectors of the successively augmented MIMO channel matrices of the users as precoding vectors to adjust the inter-user-interference experienced by the receivers. We formulate a non-convex weighted sum rate optimization problem for the precoding vectors and the associated power allocation for the proposed SNS-based MIMO-rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA) scheme. We obtain a suboptimal solution for this problem via successive convex approximation. Moreover, we study the robustness of the proposed precoding scheme to imperfect channel state information (CSI) at the base station via derivative-based sensitivity analysis. Our analysis and simulation results reveal the enhanced performance and robustness of the proposed SNS-based MIMO-RSMA scheme over several baseline multi-user MIMO schemes, especially for imperfect CSI.
description: 16 pages, 16 figures, one table; two-column final version. This article is the journal version of arXiv:2101.01147 and has been accepted for publication by the IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
The generic multiplicity-induced-dominancy property from retarded to neutral delay-differential equations: When delay-systems characteristics meet the zeros of Kummer functions
Creators: name: Boussaada, Islam
name: Mazanti, Guilherme
name: Niculescu, Silviu-Iulian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34K35, 34K20, 93D15, 33C15, 33C90

description: In this paper, which is a direct continuation and generalization of the recent works by the authors [https://doi.org/10.1051/cocv/2019073, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jde.2021.03.003], we show the validity of the generic multiplicity-induced-dominancy property for a general class of linear functional differential equations with a single delay, including the retarded as well as the neutral cases. The result is based on an appropriate integral representation of the corresponding characteristic quasipolynomial functions involving some appropriate degenerate hypergeometric functions.
Genetic structure of the Africanized Apis mellifera L. in a river valley in the semi-arid region of Brazil
Creators: name: Fábio Barros Britto
name: Oliveira, Eliene Pereira De
name: Sinevaldo Gonçalves De Moura
name: Martins, Jesuíno Da Silva Costa
name: Resende, André Felipe Barbosa Coelho De
name: Sarmento, José Lindenberg Rocha
name: Darcet Costa Souza
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology

description: The effect of the basin of the Gurgueia River (perennial river in the semiarid region of Brazil) on the dispersion and migration of Africanized bees (Apis mellifera) was evaluated using six microsatellite markers. Four municipalities located within (n = 53 colonies) and three outside the Gurgueia River Basin (n = 41 colonies) were sampled. Based on the number of alleles found (mean of 18.5 alleles per locus ±4.18), we concluded that there was high genetic diversity. Estimates of population differentiation (FST) were significant among different localities, except for the populations of Corrente, Cristino Castro, and Bertolínia, which are within the river basin. At a regional level, analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) and Bayesian approaches corroborated this result, indicating greater connectivity among populations in the valley. For the remaining populations collected outside the valley, no defined pattern of population structure was observed.
Early warning of precessing neutron-star black-hole binary mergers with the near-future gravitational-wave detectors
Creators: name: Tsutsui, Takuya
name: Nishizawa, Atsushi
name: Morisaki, Soichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since gravitational and electromagnetic waves from a compact binary coalescence carry independent information about the source, the joint observation is important for understanding the physical mechanisms of the emissions. Rapid detection and source localization of a gravitational wave signal are crucial for the joint observation to be successful. For a signal with a high signal-to-noise ratio, it is even possible to detect it before the merger, which is called early warning. In this letter, we estimate the performances of the early warning for neutron-star black-hole binaries, considering the precession effect of a binary orbit, with the near-future detectors such as A+, AdV+, KAGRA+, and Voyager. We find that a gravitational wave source can be localized in $100 \,\mathrm{deg^2}$ on the sky before $\sim 10$--$40 \,\mathrm{s}$ of time to merger once per year.
description: MNRAS version (change author names)
Fabrication du tambourin provençal : moulures et préparation des motifs sculptés.
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2024

Abstract
Summer brood interruption as integrated management strategy for effective Varroa control in Europe
Creators: name: Büchler, Ralph
name: Uzunov, Aleksandar
name: Kovačić, Marin
name: Prešern, Janez
name: Pietropaoli, Marco
name: Hatjina, Fani
name: Borce Pavlov
name: Charistos, Leonidas
name: Formato, Giovanni
name: Galarza, Egoitz
name: Draiusz Gerula
name: Ales Gregorc
name: Malagnini, Valeria
name: Meixner, Marina
name: Nebojša Nedić
name: Puškadija, Zlatko
name: Rivera-Gomis, Jorge
name: Jenko, Mira Rogelj
name: Škerl, Maja Ivana Smodiš
name: Vallon, Julien
name: Vojt, Denis
name: Wilde, Jerzy
name: Nanetti, Antonio
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Most Varroa induced colony losses occur during the autumn or winter season as a consequence of an elevated Varroa infestation level and an insufficient health status of the adult bees. Even with an initial low Varroa infestation in early spring, critical mite and virus infection levels can be reached before winter if colonies continuously rear brood throughout the whole season. To overcome this challenge, beekeepers can artificially interrupt brood production by suitable management procedures, depending on their type of beekeeping operation. To assess their efficacy, associated workload, and impact on colony development, different methods for brood interruption (queen caging with the combination of oxalic acid treatment, total brood removal, trapping comb technique) were tested during two seasons in 11 locations on 370 colonies in 10 European countries. A protocol was developed to standardize the methods’ application across different environmental conditions. The efficacy of queen caging depended on the mode of oxalic acid application and ranged from 48.16% to 89.57% mite removal. The highest efficacies were achieved with trickling a 4.2% solution (89.57%) and with the sublimation of 2 g of oxalic acid (average of 88.25%) in the broodless period. The efficacy of the purely biotechnical, chemical-free trapping comb and brood removal methods did not differ significantly from the queen caging groups. We conclude that a proper application of one of the described brood interruption methods can significantly contribute to an efficient Varroa control and to the production of honey bee products meeting the highest quality and food-safety standards.
Developmental Surveillance and Screening Practices By Pediatric Primary Care Providers
Creators: name: Porter, Sallie
name: Qureshi, Rubab
name: Echevarria, Mercedes
name: Dubbs, William B.
name: Sullivan, Margaret Wolan
name: Caldwell, Barbara Ann
Publisher: name: Wolters Kluwer
Year: 2017
Subjects: Developmental surveillance
Developmental screening
Developmental monitoring
Developmental risk
Developmental delay
Pediatric primary care

description: This study used a survey approach to investigate current developmental surveillance and developmental screening practices by pediatric primary care providers in a diverse New Jersey county. A total of 217 providers were contacted with a final sample size of 57 pediatric primary care respondents from 13 different municipalities. Most providers (73.7%) began developmental surveillance at the first non-hospital health supervision visit, usually at ages three to five days of life. About half (51.8%) of responding providers did surveillance and/or screening at all health encounters, while the remaining providers (48.2%) did surveillance and/or screening at only well child visits. The majority (63.6%) of providers report using a formal tool for developmental screening. There was variation in the particular developmental tool used for screening which included the use of both standardized formal and non-standardized, informal tools. Disparities in practice were associated with the patient’s type of insurance, age at surveillance and/or screening initiation, and the time frame of surveillance and screening. Implications for early intervention practice are discussed.
Exploring the fear of crime gender paradox using quasi-experimental methods
Creators: name: Noon, Michelle S.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Women report greater fear of crime than men. This presents a gender paradox, as men are much more likely to be victims of strangers than women. Michelle explored this phenomenon in an innovative way using three experiments. She showed that the fear of crime gender paradox may be about anger and sadness rather than fear; that gender dynamics may reflect reactions to threat rather than crime; and that women’s physiological responses towards crime corresponded with their self-reports, but men’s did not. These findings can guide how we respond to the community’s perceptions of safety and reduce associated anxieties.
Numerical analysis for a Cahn-Hilliard system modelling tumour growth with chemotaxis and active transport
Creators: name: Garcke, Harald
name: Trautwein, Dennis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65M12, 65M22, 35Q92, 92B05

description: In this work, we consider a diffuse interface model for tumour growth in the presence of a nutrient which is consumed by the tumour. The system of equations consists of a Cahn--Hilliard equation with source terms for the tumour cells and a reaction-diffusion equation for the nutrient. We introduce a fully-discrete finite element approximation of the model and prove stability bounds for the discrete scheme. Moreover, we show that discrete solutions exist and depend continuously on the initial and boundary data. We then pass to the limit in the discretization parameters and prove convergence to a global-in-time weak solution to the model. Under additional assumptions, this weak solution is unique. Finally, we present some numerical results including numerical error investigation in one spatial dimension and some long time simulations in two and three spatial dimensions.
description: accepted for publication in: Journal of Numerical Mathematics, 2022
Electron Spin Resonance of the Interacting Spinon Liquid
Creators: name: Povarov, Kirill Yu.
name: Soldatov, Timofei A.
name: Wang, Ren-Bo
name: Zheludev, Andrey
name: Smirnov, Alexander I.
name: Starykh, Oleg A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report experimental verification of the recently predicted collective modes of spinons, stabilized by backscattering interaction, in a model quantum spin chain material. We exploit the unique geometry of uniform Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions in K$_2$CuSO$_4$Br$_2$ to measure the interaction-induced splitting between the two components of the electron spin resonance (ESR) response doublet. From that we directly determine the magnitude of the "marginally irrelevant" backscattering interaction between spinons for the first time.
description: Main text (6 pages, 2 figures) + Supplemental material (15 pages, 7 figures)
Co-incubation of dsRNA reduces proportion of viable spores of Ascosphaera apis, a honey bee fungal pathogen
Creators: name: Tauber, James P.
name: Einspanier, Ralf
name: Evans, Jay D.
name: McMahon, Dino P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: There are viral, fungal, bacterial and trypanosomal pathogens that negatively impact the individual and superorganismal health of the western honey bee. One fungal pathogen, Ascosphaera apis, affects larvae and is the etiological agent of the disease chalkbrood. A previous genome analysis of A. apis revealed that its genome encodes for RNA interference genes, similar to other fungi and eukaryotes. Here, we examined whether A. apis-targeting double-stranded RNA species could disrupt the germination of A. apis. We observed that when spores were co-incubated with A. apis-targeting dsRNA, fewer spores were activated for germination, suggesting an uptake of exogenous genetic material at the very onset of germination and consequent damage to essential transcripts needed for germination. Overall, these results indicate that the causative agent of chalkbrood disease can be successfully targeted using an RNAi-based strategy.
COLOSS survey: global impact of COVID-19 on bee research
Creators: name: Dall’Olio, Raffaele
name: Blacquiere, Tjeerd
name: Bouga, Maria
name: Brodschneider, Robert
name: Carreck, Norman L.
name: Panuwan Chantawannakul
name: Dietemann, Vincent
name: Kristiansen, Lotta Fabricius
name: Gajda, Anna
name: Ales Gregorc
name: Aslı Ozkirim
name: Pirk, Christian
name: Soroker, Victoria
name: Williams, Geoffrey R.
name: Neumann, Peter
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: The socio-economic impacts of COVID-19 on society have yet to be truly revealed; there is no doubt that the pandemic has severely affected the daily lives of most of humanity. It is to be expected that the research activities of scientists could be impacted to varying degrees, but no data exist on how COVID-19 has affected research specifically. Here, we show that the still ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has already diversely and negatively affected bee research at a global level. An online survey disseminated through the global COLOSS honey bee research association showed that every participant (n = 230 from 56 countries) reported an impact on one or more of their activities. Activities that require travelling or the physical presence of people (meetings and conferences, teaching and extension) were affected the most, but also laboratory and field activities, daily operations, supervision and other activities were affected to varying degrees. Since the basic activities are very similar for many research fields, it appears as if our findings for bee research can be extrapolated to other fields. In the light of our data, we recommend that stakeholders such as governments and funding bodies who support research should facilitate the wide implementation of web-based information technology required for efficient online communication for research and education, as well as adequately loosened restriction measures with respect to field and laboratory work. Finally, increased flexibility in administration and extension of research grants and fellowships seem to be needed. It is apparent that adequate responses by all stakeholders are required to limit the impact of COVID-19 and future pandemics on bee science and other research fields.
Improved Constraint Satisfaction Algorithms Using Inter-Variable Compatibilities
Creators: name: Nudel, Bernard
Publisher: name: Rutgers University
Year: 1981

description: This report addresses the problem of improving algorithms for solving consistent labeling (also called constraint -satisfaction) problems. The concept of compatibility between variables in such problems is introduced. How to obtain compatibilities analytically and empirically is discussed, and various compatibility-based heuristics (as well as some useful but less effective non compatibility-based heuristics) are developed to improve a version of the Waltz algorithm, which was found best of a set of consistent-labeling problem algorithms, tested by Haralick [5]. Empirical results with these heuristics are very encouraging, with over an order of magnitude improvement in performance with respect to the basic algorithm on a set of randomly generated consistent- labeling problems.
A Logical Characterization of the Preferred Models of Logic Programs with Ordered Disjunction
Creators: name: Charalambidis, Angelos
name: Rondogiannis, Panos
name: Troumpoukis, Antonis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.4

description: Logic Programs with Ordered Disjunction (LPODs) extend classical logic programs with the capability of expressing alternatives with decreasing degrees of preference in the heads of program rules. Despite the fact that the operational meaning of ordered disjunction is clear, there exists an important open issue regarding its semantics. In particular, there does not exist a purely model-theoretic approach for determining the most preferred models of an LPOD. At present, the selection of the most preferred models is performed using a technique that is not based exclusively on the models of the program and in certain cases produces counterintuitive results. We provide a novel, model-theoretic semantics for LPODs, which uses an additional truth value in order to identify the most preferred models of a program. We demonstrate that the proposed approach overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional semantics of LPODs. Moreover, the new approach can be used to define the semantics of a natural class of logic programs that can have both ordered and classical disjunctions in the heads of clauses. This allows programs that can express not only strict levels of preferences but also alternatives that are equally preferred. This work is under consideration for acceptance in TPLP.
description: Paper presented at the 37th International Conference on Logic Programming (ICLP 2021), 16 pages + 13 pages appendix
Hands-on Big Data
Creators: name: Womack, Ryan
Publisher: name: Rutgers University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Hadoop
subject: Big Data
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This workshop is for those of you who, having read about Big Data and seen some of its results in academic studies and the commercial world, would like to get a sense of what actually working with Big Data entails. The workshop will provide an overview of key technologies for the handling and analysis of large scale datasets, including Hadoop/MapReduce, the RHadoop package, other R packages used for large scale analysis, and Big Data handling environments such as Cloudera, Hortonworks, Tessera, and Amazon Web Services. We will also discuss a few of the primary challenges in successfully completing analysis of large scale data, such as integrating and structuring heterogenous data, handling sparse matrices, and devising effective analytical routines using parallel processing and splitting data. Participants will work with a live demonstration environment that provides a realistic introduction to Big Data Analytics using scripts that will run both on a scaled-down demonstration dataset and on truly large scale data.
Glycan reactive anti‑HIV‑1 antibodies bind the SARS‑CoV‑2 spike protein but do not block viral entry
Creators: name: Mannar, Dhiraj
name: Leopold, Karoline
name: Subramaniam, Sriram
Publisher: name: Nature Research
Year: 2021

description: The SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein is a focal point for vaccine immunogen and therapeutic antibody design, and also serves as a critical antigen in the evaluation of immune responses to COVID-19. A common feature amongst enveloped viruses such as SARS-CoV-2 and HIV-1 is the propensity for displaying host-derived glycans on entry spike proteins. Similarly displayed glycosylation motifs can serve as the basis for glyco-epitope mediated cross-reactivity by antibodies, which can have important implications on virus neutralization, antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of infection, and the interpretation of antibody titers in serological assays. From a panel of nine anti-HIV-1 gp120 reactive antibodies, we selected two (PGT126 and PGT128) that displayed high levels of cross-reactivity with the SARS-CoV-2 spike. We report that these antibodies are incapable of neutralizing pseudoviruses expressing SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins and are unlikely to mediate ADE via FcγRII receptor engagement. Nevertheless, ELISA and other immunoreactivity experiments demonstrate these antibodies are capable of binding the SARS-CoV-2 spike in a glycan-dependent manner. These results contribute to the growing literature surrounding SARS-CoV-2 S cross-reactivity, as we demonstrate the ability for cross-reactive antibodies to interfere in immunoassays.
Majorana Neutrinos, Exceptional Jordan Algebra, and Mass Ratios for Charged Fermions
Creators: name: Bhatt, Vivan
name: Mondal, Rajrupa
name: Vaibhav, Vatsalya
name: Singh, Tejinder P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide theoretical evidence that the neutrino is a Majorana fermion. This evidence comes from assuming that the standard model and beyond-standard-model physics can be described through division algebras, coupled to a quantum dynamics. We use the division algebras scheme to derive mass ratios for the standard model charged fermions of three generations. The predicted ratios agree well with the observed values if the neutrino is assumed to be Majorana. However, the theoretically calculated ratios completely disagree with known values if the neutrino is taken to be a Dirac particle. Towards the end of the article we discuss prospects for unification of the standard model with gravitation if the assumed symmetry group of the theory is $E_6$, and if it is assumed that space-time is an 8D octonionic space-time, with 4D Minkowski space-time being an emergent approximation. Remarkably, we find evidence that the precursor of classical gravitation, described by the symmetry $SU(3)_{grav} \times SU(2)_R \times U(1)_{grav}$ is the right-handed counterpart of the standard model $SU(3)_{color} \times SU(2)_L \times U(1)_Y$.
description: v2. 39 pages, 2 figures, partly rewritten in response to reviewer recommendations so as to improve clarity, results unchanged, accepted for publication in Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics
Gender and macroeconomics
Creators: name: Berik, Gunseli
name: Rodgers, Yana
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2017
Subjects: Decision-making
Governance
Ambiguity

description: The channels between gender equality and economic growth are complex; and considerable debate has emerged regarding both the direction of causality and the distributional consequences of growth. Gender-aware empirical research has shown that the relationship is contingent on a variety of factors, including the measure of gender equality, the time dimension of the analysis, and the structure of the economy and its institutions. This entry reviews the research on how gender equality and the macroeconomy interact and the kind of macroeconomic policies that promote gender-equitable well-being.
Hatemoji: A Test Suite and Adversarially-Generated Dataset for Benchmarking and Detecting Emoji-based Hate
Creators: name: Kirk, Hannah Rose
name: Vidgen, Bertram
name: Röttger, Paul
name: Thrush, Tristan
name: Hale, Scott A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Detecting online hate is a complex task, and low-performing models have harmful consequences when used for sensitive applications such as content moderation. Emoji-based hate is an emerging challenge for automated detection. We present HatemojiCheck, a test suite of 3,930 short-form statements that allows us to evaluate performance on hateful language expressed with emoji. Using the test suite, we expose weaknesses in existing hate detection models. To address these weaknesses, we create the HatemojiBuild dataset using a human-and-model-in-the-loop approach. Models built with these 5,912 adversarial examples perform substantially better at detecting emoji-based hate, while retaining strong performance on text-only hate. Both HatemojiCheck and HatemojiBuild are made publicly available. See our Github Repository (https://github.com/HannahKirk/Hatemoji). HatemojiCheck, HatemojiBuild, and the final Hatemoji Model are also available on HuggingFace (https://huggingface.co/datasets/HannahRoseKirk/).
Entropy, Black holes, and the New Cyclic Universe
Creators: name: Ijjas, Anna
name: Steinhardt, Paul J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We track the evolution of entropy and black holes in a cyclic universe that undergoes repeated intervals of expansion followed by slow contraction and a smooth (non-singular) bounce. In this kind of cyclic scenario, there is no big crunch and no chaotic mixmaster behavior. We explain why the entropy following each bounce is naturally partitioned into near-maximal entropy in the matter-radiation sector and near-minimal in the gravitational sector, satisfying the Weyl curvature conditions conjectured to be essential for a cosmology consistent with observations. As a result, this kind of cyclic universe can undergo an unbounded number of cycles in the past and/or the future.
description: v2: minor amendments
Fluid dynamic shape optimization using self-adapting nonlinear extension operators with multigrid preconditioners
Creators: name: Pinzon, Jose
name: Siebenborn, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article we propose a scalable shape optimization algorithm which is tailored for large scale problems and geometries represented by hierarchically refined meshes. Weak scalability and grid independent convergence is achieved via a combination of multigrid schemes for the simulation of the PDEs and quasi Newton methods on the optimization side. For this purpose a self-adapting, nonlinear extension operator is proposed within the framework of the method of mappings. This operator is demonstrated to identify critical regions in the reference configuration where geometric singularities have to arise or vanish. Thereby the set of admissible transformations is adapted to the underlying shape optimization situation. The performance of the proposed method is demonstrated for the example of drag minimization of an obstacle within a stationary, incompressible Navier-Stokes flow.