cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A fast solver for large systems of linear equations for finite element analysis on unstructured meshes
Creators: name: Iwamura, Chihiro
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: The objective of this thesis is to develop a more efficient solver for a large system of linear equations arising from finite element discretization on unstructured tetrahedral meshes for a scalar elliptic partial differential equation of second order for pressure in a commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. Segregated solution methods (or pressure correction type methods) are a widely used approach to obtain solutions of Navier-Stokes equations during numerical simulation by many commercial CFD codes. At each time step, these simulations usually require the approximate solution of a series of scalar equations for velocity, pressure and temperature. Even if the simulation does not require high-accuracy approximations, the large systems of linear equations for pressure may not be efficiently solved. The matrices of these systems of linear equations of real-life industry problems often strongly violate weak diagonal dominance and the numerical simulation often requires solutions of very large systems with over a few hundred thousands degrees of freedom. These conditions produce very ill-conditioned systems of linear equations. Therefore, it is very difficult to solve such systems of linear equations efficiently using most currently available common iterative solvers. A survey of solvers for systems of linear equations was undertaken to determine the preferred solution methodology. An algebraic multigrid preconditioned conjugate gradient (AMGPCG) method solver was chosen for these problems. This solver uses the algebraic multigrid (AMG) cycle as a preconditioner for the conjugate gradient (CG) method. The disadvantages of the conventional AMG method are an expensive setup time and large memory requirements, particularly for three dimensional problems. The disadvantage of an expensive setup time needs to be overcome because the simulation usually requires only low-accuracy approximations for pressure. Also it is important to overcome the disadvantage of the large memory requirements for use in commercial software. In this work, an efficient AMGPCG solver is developed by overcoming the disadvantages of the conventional AMG method. The robustness of AMGPCG is shown theoretically so that the solver is always convergent. Optimum or close to optimum rates of convergence behaviour for the solver are shown numerically so that the number of necessary iterations to obtain the estimated solution is approximately independent of mesh resolution. Furthermore, numerical experiments of solving pressure for some industry problems were carried out and compared with other efficient solvers including a fast commercial AMGPCG solver (SAMG, release 20b1). It was found that the developed AMGPCG solver was the fastest among these solvers for solving these problems and its algorithm has been numerically proven to be efficient. In addition, the memory requirement is at an acceptable level for commercial CFD codes.
Open Science Training: The Wikimedia Open Science Fellowship Program
Creators: name: Trognitz, Martina
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2019
Subjects: open science
wikimedia
fellowship

description: doi:10.5281/ZENODO.3516617
description: A short presentation about the Open Science Fellows Program of Wikimedia Deutschland , the Stifterverband , and the Volkswagen Foundation . It gives an overview of the objectives of the program, the target audience, and the program offered to the fellows. The presentation was held during the ACDH Tool Gallery 5.2 - Open Science methods & tools for DH scholars on 22.10.2019
A polyhedral approach to designing communication networks.
Creators: name: Wu, Xiaolin.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Engineering, System Science.

description: Polytopes $Q\sbsp{2E}{n}$ and $Q\sbsp{2N}{n}$, which are associated with the minimum cost 2-edge-connected subgraph problem and the minimum cost 2-node-connected subgraph problem, respectively, are studied in this thesis, and some new classes of facet-inducing inequalities are introduced for these polytopes. These classes of inequalities are related to the so-called clique tree inequalities for the travelling salesman polytope ($Q\sbsp{T}{n}$), and the relationships between $Q\sbsp{T}{n}$ and $Q\sbsp{2E}{n}, Q\sbsp{2N}{n}$ are exploited in obtaining these new classes of facets. Due to the use of problem specific facet-inducing inequalities instead of dominant cutting-planes, the linear programming cutting-plane method has proven to be quite successful for solving some NP-hard combinatorial optimization problems. We believe that our new classes of facet-inducing inequalities can be used to further improve the cutting-plane procedure for designing minimum cost survivable communication networks.
CHAT study patient participant information sheet
Creators: name: Nolan, Claire
name: Taylor, Stephanie JC
name: Man, William DC
name: Steed, Elizabeth
name: Victor, Christina
name: Pokhrel, Subhash
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 420109
subject: Rehabilitation
classificationCode: 420319
subject: Primary health care
classificationCode: 420307
subject: Health counselling

description: CHAT study patient participant information sheet
Evaluation of agricultural beneficial management practices: Cattle access restriction to surface waters subsurface tile drainage management
Creators: name: Craiovan, Emilia
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Engineering, Agricultural.
subject: Chemistry, Agricultural.
subject: Geochemistry.

description: The aim of this study was to investigate two potential beneficial management practices that will reduce the impact of fecal and fertilizers contamination on the environment. The study was conducted in Eastern Ontario on typical small scale agricultural practices. The first part evaluates the impact of a conventional pasture system and an excluding pasture system on surface water quality. The three year study compared water quality endpoints such as: indicator bacteria, pathogens, parasites and nutrients between treatments. Microbial source tracking indicated that livestock was the main source of fecal contamination in the stream. Greater bacteria and nutrient loads were observed in the unrestricted pasture system than the excluding pasture. Moreover, parasite and indicator bacteria concentrations increased after cattle introduction in both systems. The second part compares nitrogen mass balance between managed and conventional subsurface tile drainage. Over two years, nitrogen loads in groundwater, in tile flow, in plants, in soil and denitrification were compared between treatments. Nitrogen was mostly removed from managed tile drainage fields through plant uptake. Compared to nitrogen plant uptake, denitrification, the second greatest nitrogen removing process was 10 times smaller. The denitrification was greater in the unmanaged tile drainage fields. Generally, managed subsurface tile drainage reduces nitrogen mass loads to surface waters and increases nitrogen uptake by plant, which resulted in greater yields.
Open Science Diplomacy
Creators: name: Mayer, Katja
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2020
Subjects: open science
science diplomacy
foreign policy
science policy

description: doi:10.5281/ZENODO.4338010
description: Following the call for ‘open science, open innovation, and open to the world’ by the EU Commissioner for Research, Science and Innovation Carlos Moedas in 2015, the S4D4C case study looks for applications and implications of open science in science diplomacy. Presentation at the S4D4C Webinar 17 Dec 2020
Off-label use of common predictive biomarkers in gastrointestinal malignancies: a critical appraisal
Creators: name: Tessier-Cloutier, Basile
name: Cai, Ellen
name: Schaeffer, David F.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2019

description: The use of immunohistochemistry (IHC) as a companion diagnostic is an increasingly important part of the case workup by pathologists and is often central to clinical decision making. New predictive molecular markers are constantly sought for to improve treatment stratification parallel to drug development. Unfortunately, official biomarker guidelines lag behind, and pathologists are often left hesitating when medical oncologists request off-labelled biomarker testing. We performed a literature review of five commonly requested off-label IHC predictive biomarkers in gastrointestinal tract (GIT) malignancies: HER2, mismatch repair (MMR), PD-L1, BRAF V600E and ROS1. We found that HER2 amplification is rare and poorly associated to IHC overexpression in extracolonic and extragastric GIT cancers; however in KRAS wild type colorectal cancers, which fail conventional treatment, HER2 IHC may be useful and should be considered. For MMR testing, more evidence is needed to recommend reflex testing in GIT cancers for treatment purposes. MMR testing should not be discouraged in patients considered for second line checkpoint inhibitor therapy. With the exception of gastric tumors, PD-L1 IHC is a weak predictor of checkpoint inhibitor response in the GIT and should be replaced by MMR in this context. BRAF inhibitors showed activity in BRAF V600E mutated cholangiocarcinomas and pancreatic carcinomas in non-first line settings. ROS1 translocation is extremely rare and poorly correlated to ROS1 IHC expression in the GIT; currently there is no role for ROS1 IHC testing in GIT cancers. Overall, the predictive biomarker literature has grown exponentially, and official guidelines need to be updated more regularly to support pathologists’ testing decisions.
Software Testing in the German Automotive Industry Case Study
Creators: name: Davitaia, Alexandre
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This case study explores software testing practices within the German automotive industry, specifically focusing on the development and quality of test case specifications. Conducted by Juhnke et al. (2021), the study investigates a German original equipment manufacturer (OEM) and its suppliers through interviews and surveys. It highlights how testing is embedded into the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) via the automotive V-model, ensuring structured testing responsibilities across development tiers. The study identifies nine major categories of challenges affecting test specification quality, including incomplete or inconsistent input artifacts, insufficient tester knowledge, ambiguous test cases, and process deficiencies. Findings emphasize the critical need for formal quality assurance in test documentation, especially in distributed environments involving internal and external teams. The research contributes to software engineering by presenting a taxonomy of test-related issues and offering insights into improving communication, documentation, and collaboration in industrial software testing practices.
Updating the Land Use and Land Cover Database CLC for the Year 2012 - "Backdating" of DLM-DE from the Reference Year 2009 to the Year 2006
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Bodenbedeckung

description: For the update of land cover according to CORINE Land Cover classes, a specific national approach has been chosen in Germany. This approach uses a more accurate geometry of the Official Topographical Cartographic Information System ATKIS of the land survey authorities. DLM-DE, derived from ATKIS, is to be applied as base for the deduction of CLC classes. In the responsibility of the German Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy (BKG), the DLM-DE 2009 database was built-up for the reference year 2009 with a minimum mapping unit (MMU) of 1 ha. Currently, an updated DLM-DE 2012 database is established by BKG; using methods of generalization this database will be transferred into the CLC2012 database (CORINE Land Cover 2012, having 25 ha MMU due to the EU specifications).
Quelle: https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/
Research Integrity and Open Science: Is sound science open science?
Creators: name: Fritzinger, Anne-Catherne
name: Barberousse, Anouck
name: Galimberti, Paola
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2022
Subjects: Research integrity
Open science
Plagiarism
Reproducibility
FAIR principles

description: doi:10.5281/ZENODO.6670612
description: How can open science contribute to research integrity? And, conversely, is research integrity always synonymous with data opening and, more generally, with transparency? In our presentation, we will question the close links between scientific integrity and openness in research.
A new perspective on the use of perspective in urban visualisation
Creators: name: Wyeld, Theodor G.
name: Allan, Andrew
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Architects, planners, engineers, developers, and government authorities, among others, are increasingly using computer-generated 3D scenes (real-time VR, animation, rendered models) in their modelling and subsequent pictorial depiction of developments and urban infrastructure to support decision making, strategic planning, identification of historically significant vistas, facades, set backs, over-viewing and so on. Within this culture of computer-generated 3D imitation of real and imagined spaces is an implied assumption that the algorithms used replicate the way we see and visually interact with urban spaces. However, the question whether the geometrically projected image, such as a perspective, replicates physiological phenomena or whether one needs to learn how to read such images has been debated since the inception of the manually-drafted 'realisms' of the European Renaissance. The key theorists who address this debate directly include psychologists, historians, and philosophers among others. Within each field there are opposing views. This paper extends the work of an earlier paper from CUPUM'01 which addressed the use of 3D CAD in urban visualisation, referring in particular to the panorama (Wyeld and Allan, 2001). In this extended version a brief historical overview of the perspective as 'physiological replication versus learned convention' debate is provided including a discussion on how the prolific use of perspective in contemporary urban visualisation tends to obscure culturally alternate methods of spatial representation. It concludes with a discussion on how perspective as a tool and the traditions that have arisen since its parallel emergence with the scientific method now effects a contemporary rationalistic interpretation of Western visual culture.
Sediment toxicity testing for prospective risk assessment ̶ a new framework and how to establish it
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Risikoanalyse
Ökotoxikologie

description: There is a recognized need to design a new framework for sediment toxicity testing that meets current scientific standards and regulatory requirements, such as reliable assessment of toxicity, which prevents any harmful effects on biodiversity, a strong capability to predict population- and community-level effects, and applicability of the results to decision-making. We propose a new framework for prospective sediment toxicity testing, and suggest solutions to the key methodological challenges that hinder establishment of this framework (comparison of sensitivities, design of test batteries, consideration of different exposure routes, extrapolations to population and community levels, use of test results for decision-making). The proposed framework consists of the following three units: test-battery system, higher-tier testing systems and additional ecological modeling, and a decision support system. The key methodologies proposed to establish this framework are compound-tailored test-battery use approach, relative sensitivity distribution analysis, toxicity tests that combine bacteria and arthropods, micro- and mesocosms studies, population and community models, and model-driven decision support systems. The proposed framework, as well as the key methods mentioned above, has the potential to improve not only prospective toxicity testing for sediments, but also ecological risk assessment in general. Quelle: http://www.tandfonline.com
Ruthenium Catalysts for Olefin Metathesis: Understanding the Boomerang Mechanism and Challenges Associated with Stereoselectivity
Creators: name: Bates, Jennifer M.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2014
Subjects: Olefin Metathesis
Ruthenium
Catalyst

description: Ruthenium-alkylidene catalysts are widely used in organic synthesis to generate new C=C bonds in a process known as olefin metathesis. Much research has been dedicated to examining the organometallic species responsible for this transformation, and understanding the benefits and limitations of current state-of-the-art catalysts allows for the design of new and more efficient alternatives. Over the past decade, a topic of much debate has been the so-called “boomerang” (or release-return) mechanism, and whether it operates in the Hoveyda catalysts. The ability of the styrenyl ether ligand, once released from the catalyst during initiation, to be recaptured by the vulnerable active species, has major implications in catalyst recyclability. Chapter 3 describes the use of a 13C-labeled styrenyl ether ligand, in conjunction with an unlabeled second-generation Hoveyda catalyst, to confirm the operation of this mechanism during catalysis. This study demonstrated that the labeled styrenyl ether ligand competes with the substrate for the four-coordinate active species: the labeled moiety rapidly incorporates into the Hoveyda catalyst during both ring-closing- and cross-metathesis examples. Chapter 4 focuses on addressing the selectivity challenges associated with olefin metathesis, particularly during RCM macrocyclization reactions where E/Z mixtures are typically obtained. Designing catalysts that can dictate and control the stereochemistry of a product mixture minimizes waste, and ultimately reduces cost by eliminating the need for separation techniques. A great deal of research has focused on constructing catalysts with ligands that can exert the appropriate steric pressure on a metallocyclobutane intermediate, in order to generate the desired Z-product. Chapter 4 of this thesis examined the ability of a Hoveyda- and Grubbs-type catalyst containing monothiolate ligands, to promote Z-selective RCM macrocyclization. Catalyst lifetimes were also examined, in addition to the impact of altering reaction conditions, specifically concentration, on product distribution. These experiments afford information that will aid in the design of improved catalysts for Z-selective RCM macrocyclization.
Metathesis Catalysts in Tandem Catalysis: Methods and Mechanisms for Transformation
Creators: name: Beach, Nicholas James
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2012
Subjects: metathesis
hydridocarbonyl
ruthenium
tandem catalysis
hydrogenation

description: The ever-worsening environmental crisis has stimulated development of less wasteful “green” technologies. To this end, tandem catalysis enables multiple catalytic cycles to be performed within a single reaction vessel, thereby eliminating intermediate processing steps and reducing solvent waste. Assisted tandem catalysis employs suitable chemical triggers to transform the initial catalyst into new species, thereby providing a mechanism for “switching on” secondary catalytic activity. This thesis demonstrates the importance of highly productive secondary catalysts through a comparative hydrogenation study involving prominent hydrogenation catalysts of tandem ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP)-hydrogenation, of which hydridocarbonyl species were proved superior. This thesis illuminates optimal routes to hydridocarbonyls under conditions relevant to our ROMP-hydrogenation protocol, using Grubbs benzylidenes as isolable proxies for ROMP-propagating alkylidene species. Analogous studies of ruthenium methylidenes and ethoxylidenes illuminate optimal routes to hydridocarbonyls following ring-closing metathesis (RCM) and metathesis quenching, respectively. The formation of unexpected side products using aggressive chemical triggers is also discussed, and emphasizes the need for cautious design of the post-metathesis trigger phase.
COST Action CHARME : Harmonising standardisation strategies to increase efficiency and competitiveness of European Life Science Research
Creators: name: D'Elia, Domenica
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: standars; bioinformatics

description: I present CHARME, an Action funded through COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology). CHARME aims to identify needs and gaps in standards, teaming up with other initiatives and organisations, and proposing new strategies for successful assimilation of standards into the daily work-flow of researchers. This presentation underlines the scenario in which CHARME moves forward and actions that the scientific community is called to support in this field to increase the efficiency and competitiveness of life-science research in Europe and worldwide.
The effect of sodium dodecyl sulfate solutions as gelation media on the formation of PES membranes.
Creators: name: Alsari, Alsdeg M.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Engineering, Chemical.

description: Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS) aqueous solutions have been used as gelation media in the preparation of polyethersulfone (PES) membranes. The casting solution composition was the same for all casted membranes. Two temperatures were applied to the gelation media: 4°C and 20°C. The concentration of the SDS was changed from 0 to 3.0 g/L at 4°C and from 0 to 1.6 g/L at 20°C. The surface tension of the gelation media was measured by the drop weight method and their electrical conductivities were measured by CDM 80 conductivity meter. The membranes were characterized by solute transport parameters obtained from separation experiments and roughness parameters obtained by the atomic force microscope technique (AFM). The molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) of the studied membranes was found between 9,000 and 88,000 Daltons for membranes gelled at 4°C, and between 28,000 and 85,000 Daltons for membranes gelled at 20°C. For both temperatures, the lowest MWCO was obtained for membranes gelled in gelation media with a surface tension slightly lower than the critical micelles concentration (CMC). The pore sizes were found to be between 3.04 and 10.37 nm for membranes gelled at 4°C and between 4.48 and 10.74 nm for membranes gelled at 20°C. The pore density ranged from 4.79 to 939 pores/mum2 for membranes gelled at 4°C and from 8.14 to 109.6 pores/mum2 for membranes gelled at 20°C. In general, MWCO and pore size decreased with an increase of SDS concentration in gelation media below CMC, and increased with an increase in SDS concentration in gelation media above CMC. Images of membranes surfaces, by AFM technique, showed that nodules and depressions decreased with a decrease in pore size. The roughness of membranes increased with an increase in pore size and MWCO.
Concurrent validity of provisional remission criteria for gout: a dual-energy CT study
Creators: name: Dalbeth, Nicola
name: Frampton, Christopher
name: Fung, Maple
name: Baumgartner, Scott
name: Nicolaou, Savvas
name: Choi, Hyon K
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2019

description: Background: Provisional gout remission criteria including five domains (serum urate, tophus, flares, pain due to gout, and patient global assessment) have been proposed. The aim of this study was to test the concurrent validity of the provisional gout remission criteria by comparing the criteria with dual-energy CT (DECT) findings. Methods: Patients with gout on allopurinol ≥ 300 mg daily were prospectively recruited into a multicenter DECT study. Participants attended a standardized study visit which recorded gout flare frequency in the preceding 12 months, physical examination for tophus, serum urate, and patient questionnaires. DECT scans of both hands/wrists, feet/ankles/Achilles, and knees were analyzed by two DECT radiologists. The relationship between the DECT urate crystal volume and deposition with individual domains as well as the provisional remission criteria set was analyzed. Results: The provisional remission criteria were fulfilled in 23 (15.1%) participants. DECT urate crystal deposition was observed less frequently in those fulfilling the provisional remission criteria (44%), compared with those not fulfilling the criteria (73.6%, odds ratio 0.28, P = 0.004). The median (range) DECT urate crystal volume was 0.00 (0.00–0.46) cm³ for those fulfilling the remission criteria, compared with 0.08 (0.00–19.53) cm³ for those not fulfilling the criteria (P = 0.002). In multivariate regression analysis, the serum urate and tophus domains were most strongly associated with DECT urate crystal deposition. Conclusions: In people with gout established on allopurinol, a state of remission as defined by the provisional remission criteria is associated with less DECT urate crystal deposition. While this study provides support for the validity of the provisional gout remission criteria, it also demonstrates that some crystal deposition may be present in people achieving these criteria.
The UTMOST pulsar timing programme - II. Timing noise across the pulsar population
Creators: name: Lower, M. E.
name: Bailes, Matthew
name: Shannon, Ryan
name: Johnston, S.
name: Flynn, Christopher
name: Oslowski, Stefan
name: Gupta, V.
name: Farah, W.
name: Bateman, T.
name: Green, A. J.
name: Hunstead, R.
name: Jameson, A.
name: Jankowski, F.
name: Parthasarathy, A.
name: Price, Daniel
name: Sutherland, A.
name: Temby, D.
name: Venkatraman Krishnan, V.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: While pulsars possess exceptional rotational stability, large-scale timing studies have revealed at least two distinct types of irregularities in their rotation: red timing noise and glitches. Using modern Bayesian techniques, we investigated the timing noise properties of 300 bright southern-sky radio pulsars that have been observed over 1.0-4.8 yr by the upgraded Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Telescope (MOST). We reanalysed the spin and spin-down changes associated with nine previously reported pulsar glitches, report the discovery of three new glitches and four unusual glitch-like events in the rotational evolution of PSR J1825−0935. We develop a refined Bayesian framework for determining how red noise strength scales with pulsar spin frequency (ν) and spin-down frequency (ν), which we apply to a sample of 280 non-recycled pulsars. With this new method and a simple power-law scaling relation, we show that red noise strength scales across the non-recycled pulsar population as νa|ν|b, where a = −0.84+−004749 and b = 0.97+−001619. This method can be easily adapted to utilize more complex, astrophysically motivated red noise models. Lastly, we highlight our timing of the double neutron star PSR J0737−3039, and the rediscovery of a bright radio pulsar originally found during the first Molonglo pulsar surveys with an incorrectly catalogued position.
Open Science And Reproducibility
Creators: name: Rezzonico, Vittoria
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2017
Subjects: reproducibility
open science
#osip2017

description: doi:10.5281/zenodo.999438
description: This presentation was part of Day 5 of the Open Science in Practice Summer School #osip2017. Additional information can be found on osip2017.epfl.ch.
Open Science & FAIR Data
Creators: name: Dintzner, Nicolas
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2019
Subjects: FAIR, Open

description: doi:10.5281/ZENODO.3569211
description: Presentation for the 1st EUSMI/NFFA-Europe Joint School on Data management: Trieste, 10-11 December 2019
The many deaths of supercapacitors: degradation, aging, and performance fading
Creators: name: Pameté, Emmanuel
name: Köps, Lukas
name: Kreth, Fabian Alexander
name: Pohlmann, Sebastian
name: Varzi, Alberto
name: Brousse, Thierry
name: Balducci, Andrea
name: Presser, Volker
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Failure mechanism
subject: Pseudocapacitors
subject: DDC 570 / Life sciences
subject: DDC 610 / Medicine & health
subject: Aging
subject: Supercapacitors
subject: Altern
subject: Degradation

description: High-performance electrochemical applications have expedited the research in high-power devices. As such, supercapacitors, including electrical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) and pseudocapacitors, have gained significant attention due to their high power density, long cycle life, and fast charging capabilities. Yet, no device lasts forever. It is essential to understand the mechanisms behind performance degradation and aging so that these bottlenecks can be addressed and tailored solutions can be developed. Herein, the factors contributing to the aging and degradation of supercapacitors, including electrode materials, electrolytes, and other aspects of the system, such as pore blocking, electrode compositions, functional groups, and corrosion of current collectors are examined. The monitoring and characterizing of the performance degradation of supercapacitors, including electrochemical methods, in situ, and ex situ techniques are explored. In addition, the degradation mechanisms of different types of electrolytes and electrode materials and the effects of aging from an industrial application standpoint are analyzed. Next, how electrode degradations and electrolyte decompositions can lead to failure, and pore blocking, electrode composition, and other factors that affect the device's lifespan are examined. Finally, the future directions and challenges for reducing supercapacitors' performance degradation, including developing new materials and methods for characterizing and monitoring the devices are summarized.
Open Science Software Development
Creators: name: Head, Tim
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2017
Subjects: code
open science
#osip2017
software

description: doi:10.5281/zenodo.999355
description: This presentation was part of Day 4 of the Open Science in Practice Summer School #osip2017. Additional information can be found on osip2017.epfl.ch.
The pre meal priming of gastrointestinal satiety factors
Creators: name: Willbond, Stephanie
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Health Sciences, Nutrition.

description: Background. Although experimental studies on meal frequency are few, results show that increasing the number of daily meals leads to decreased energy intake (EI). No studies have yet looked at the type of meal patterning that would maximize this reduction. Objective. The purpose of this study was to determine if structured preloads affects EI, appetite, and Peptide YY (PYY) and Glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) concentrations in normal weight men. Design. Eight normal weight men (25.3 +/- 2.6 kg/m 2) participated in a randomized crossover trial. In condition 1 the subjects were able to self select their snacks ad libitum. In condition 2 the subjects consumed a standardized preload (300 Kcal: 40% protein, 40% carbohydrate and 20% fat) 15 minutes prior to lunch and dinner. During condition 3, participants consumed the preload, at times that maximized their pre meal fullness levels. During each condition, a standardized breakfast was served, while lunch and dinner were self-selected from a 5 item menu, and eaten ad libitum. Daily EI, fasting and postprandial appetite, PYY, and GLP-1 were sampled every 30 minutes for 9 hours for all 3 conditions. Results. No difference in daily EI, AUC GLP-1, and PYY was noted between conditions. Desire, hunger, and PFC were found to be lowest during the control session (P<0.05). Finally, GLP-1 concentrations were correlated to fullness levels with significance during conditions 1 (R=0.81, P<0.05) and 3 (R=0.89, P<0.01). Conclusion. Structured snacking does not affect EI over the short term. Key words. Energy intake, appetite, PYY, GLP-1, preload, meal frequency.
Iron phosphate sedimentation in a meromictic kettle lake: A Holocene record of geochemistry and paleoenvironment in Teapot Lake, Southern Ontario
Creators: name: Ziten, Catherine Tina
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Geology.

description: High iron phosphate mineralization in sediments (>3 m with 15 to 20% vivianite) and the water column (up to 6 ppm PO4 and 9 ppm Fe) of Teapot Lake, a meromictic kettle lake in Brampton, Ontario, was investigated to understand the origins of such remarkable phosphorus enrichment. The lake is surrounded by palimpsest topography composed of Halton Till and Holocene organic matter. Groundwater is the primary recharge source of Teapot Lake, contributing dissolved ferrous iron to the system. Phosphorus concentrations remain low in lake sediments deposited over the past 1335 years, therefore anthropogenic phosphorus contributions are negligible compared to natural accumulations over the Holocene. The source of phosphorus was concluded to be airborne, likely from waterfowl faeces entering the lake from the surface and is subsequently assimilated by algae in the mixolimnion. Phosphorus released from decomposing biomass below the redox boundary is then sequestered by iron as vivianite in the reduced sediments. Currently, the acidic monimolimnion prevents vivianite from precipitating from the lake water, however vivianite can form in the sediments when iron and phosphorus activities are high and the Eh remains above the sulfate/sulfide reduction zone.
Wittgenstein on nonsignificant propositions.
Creators: name: Li, Puqun.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Philosophy.

description: This dissertation is a systematic study of Wittgenstein's ideas on non-significant propositions, specifically tautologies, mathematical propositions, scientific laws in the Tractatus, grammatical propositions in the Investigations, and Moore-type propositions in On Certainty . My aim is to show that these propositions are closely connected. I take Wittgenstein's discussions of them to be a theme developed both in the early and later periods of his philosophy. His idea is that since such propositions cannot be properly regarded as empirical or true or false, they are radically different from propositions that are. He sees the conflation of these two kinds of proposition as a major source of philosophical illusions. For this reason, it is important for him to clarify the logical status of such nonsignificant propositions.
Ethnic minority churches: The case of the Canadian Chinese Christian churches in Ottawa.
Creators: name: Li, Qiang.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: History, Church.

description: This dissertation investigates the social and cultural conditions which have contributed to the rise of the Chinese Christian community in Canada, and more specifically the capital region, and the kind of religious life that evolved within that community. The author draws on extensive fieldwork, offers insights into the beliefs and practices of this little-documented section of the Canadian Chinese community. A sociological survey of the nine Chinese Christian churches in Ottawa shows that this community has been deeply influenced by Canadian social policies and Chinese immigration patterns. Cultural variables such as dialect, place of origin, and social class have also shaped the formation and the growth of Canadian Chinese Christianity. Contemporary Canadian Chinese Christian churches primarily meet the interests and needs of middle-class Chinese immigrants, and have become the most cohesive and active ethnic community organizations within the Canadian Chinese community. On the one hand, Canadian Chinese Christianity could be seen as tool for cultural adaptation. It provides the Chinese members with a set of values and Christian beliefs which they see as similar to the basic beliefs of the host culture; the institution and operation of the churches allow their Chinese members to become accustomed to the administration and political patterns of the host society, and to prepare for entering mainstream society. On the other hand, Canadian Chinese Christianity could be presented as an "ethnic community" which helps the members preserve their Chinese identity defined in cultural terms, that is language, cultural heritage, and community ("family"). The Chinese churches feature a conservative Confucian Christian theology, where the Christian values are seen as compatible with Chinese values. Both perspectives are useful in demonstrating that, in the case of the Chinese Christian churches, within the Canadian multicultural society, ethnic identity can be selectively reconstructed, actively and pragmatically pursued, neither as assimilation, nor as preservation, but as accommodation.
Open Science in UniTO
Creators: name: Giglia, Elena
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2022
Subjects: Horizon Europe, Open Science

description: doi:10.5281/ZENODO.7112966
description: Presentation at the UNITA event, Sept. 26 2022. What's going on at the University of Turin in Open Science: repositories, publication services, EU programmes support (inlcuding DMPs), EU projects, EOSC Association, OPERAS. Our goal: make it too easy NOT to do.
Nickel production through the Caron process
Creators: name: Rhamdhani, Akbar
name: Jak, E.
name: Hayes, P. C.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: The Caron process is one of the processes used to extract nickel from nickel laterite ores. The Caron process combines both hydro- and pyrometallurgy processes which include: reduction roasting of laterite ore, leaching of roaster product, precipitation of basic nickel carbonate (BNC), and decomposition of BNC followed by reduction of nickel oxide. The current presentation will discuss the research carried out by the authors at the final stages of Caron process, i.e. BNC decomposition and NiO reduction, in support of improvements in nickel production process through this process.
MAPWORMS Micro-CT imaging protocols
Creators: name: Keklikoglou, Kleoniki
name: Langeneck, Joachim
name: Musco, Luigi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: micro-CT
marine annelids
protocols

description: This  document  includes  the  establishment  of  the  appropriate  scanning protocols  for  the  visualisation  of  external  and  internal  structures  of  two  selected  annelids  and specifically  of the Phascolosoma  (Phascolosoma)  stephensoni (Sipuncula)  and Glycera  tridactyla (Polychaeta)  specimens  which  have  been  selected  as  model  species  for  the  creation  of  the  bio-inspired robot.
Berechnung der gesundheitlichen Belastung der Bevölkerung in Deutschland durch Feinstaub (PM10)
Creators: name: Kallweit, Dagmar
name: Wintermeyer, Dirk
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2013

description: Zusammenfassung
Der Artikel stellt eine Methode zur Bestimmung der bevölkerungsgewichteten Feinstaub (PM10)-Expositionfür die Jahre 2007 bis 2011 vor, welche die gesamte deutsche Bevölkerung berücksichtigt. Die
Ergebnisse dieser Expositionsschätzung sind Grundlage für die Berechnung der feinstaubbedingten
Krankheitslast in Deutschland, wobei im Moment nur die Mortalität berücksichtigt wird. Repräsentative
Morbiditätsdaten sind für die deutsche Bevölkerung bisher nicht frei verfügbar und können daher nicht
berücksichtigt werden. Die ermittelte Krankheitslast liegt bei jährlich etwa 47.000 vorzeitigen Todesfällenin Deutschland, was einem durchschnittlichen Lebenszeitverlust von circa zehn Jahren pro 1.000 Einwohnernentspricht.Quelle: UMID : Umwelt und Mensch - Informationsdienst ; Umwelt & Gesundheit, Umweltmedizin, Verbraucherschutz - (2013), H. 4, S. 18-24
The Impact of CeO₂ Loading on the Activity and Stability of PdO/γ-AlOOH/γ-Al₂O₃ Monolith Catalysts for CH₄ Oxidation
Creators: name: AlMohamadi, Hamad
name: Smith, Kevin J.
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2019

description: This study reports on the activity and stability of PdO/γ-AlOOH/γ-Al₂O₃ monolith catalysts, promoted with varying amounts of CeO₂, for CH₄ oxidation. Although the beneficial effects of CeO₂ have been reported for powdered catalysts, this study used a cordierite (2MgO.2Al₂O₃.5SiO₂) mini-monolith (400 cells per square inch, 1 cm diameter × 2.5 cm length; ~52 cells), washcoated with a suspension of γ-Al₂O₃ combined with boehmite (γ-AlOOH), followed by sequential deposition of Ce and Pd (0.5 wt.%) by wetness impregnation. The monolith catalysts’ CH₄ oxidation activity and stability were assessed in the presence of CO, CO₂, H₂O and SO₂ at low temperature (≤550 °C), relevant to emission control from lean-burn natural gas vehicles (NGVs). The CeO₂ loading (0 to 4 wt.%) did not significantly impact the adhesion and thermal stability of the washcoat, but CeO₂ reduced the inhibition of CH₄ oxidation by H₂O and SO₂. The catalyst activity, measured by temperature-programmed methane oxidation (TPO) in a dry feed gas with 0.07 vol.% CH₄, showed that adding CeO₂ to the γ-AlOOH/γ-Al₂O₃ washcoat suppressed the activity of the catalysts; whereas, CeO₂ improved the catalyst activity when H₂O (2 and 5 vol.%) was present in the feed gas. Moreover, adding CeO₂ decreased catalyst deactivation that occurred in the presence of 10 vol.% H₂O and 5 ppmv SO₂ at 500 °C, measured over a 25 h time-on-stream (TOS) period. The highest catalyst activity and stability for CH₄ oxidation in the presence of H₂O was obtained by adding 2 wt.% CeO₂ to the washcoat.
The dual nature of carbon: Catalyst and inhibitor.
Creators: name: Venkateswaran, Rashmi.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Chemistry, Analytical.

description: The goal of this project was to study the reactivity of thin pyrolitic carbon films on quartz, formed from propylene, methane and butadiene, using the methane conversion reaction as a test. The reactivity was compared to that of quartz. The rate of dissociation of methane on the carbon surface was as much as forty times greater than on quartz. The actual rate increase depended on the precursor of the carbon film. When the reproducibility of the carbon films was tested, the rate was observed to decrease with consecutive experiments. Subsequent analysis showed that small amounts of carbon were deposited during the course of each reaction. Since small amounts of carbon caused inhibition, but carbon films caused catalysis, the rate of formation of ethane, a measure of the rate of dissociation of methane, was determined as a function of the amount of carbon. The rate was also determined as a function of methane reactant pressure and temperature. All the results indicated that the methane was dissociated on the carbon surface to form methyl and hydrogen radicals. The increase in formation of these radicals led to the increased rate. The subsequent mechanism was similar to the homogeneous mechanism of methane decomposition. In order to confirm this result, the rate was determined in a reaction vessel with a different surface to volume ratio. The surface mechanism was confirmed. The carbon film was characterized using different techniques. The hydrogen content of the films was determined and related to the reactivity of the carbon formed from different precursors. The film was studied by electron microscopy, XRD, FTIR and mass spectrometry. An overall mechanism was developed for the methane decomposition reaction in the presence of carbon which was extended over the different temperature and pressure conditions studied. Finally, a new technique of synthesizing a catalyst containing carbon and iron, and results obtained in the study of water vapour gasification and methane conversion in the presence of this catalyst are discussed.
La réforme pénale en matière de protection des animaux dans le code criminel canadien: 1892--1927
Creators: name: Mongrain, Josie
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Law.
subject: Sociology, Criminology and Penology.

description: Cette thèse porte sur les demandes d'amendements, sur les débats parlementaires et sur les modifications législatives qu'a subies le Code criminel canadien en matière de protection des animaux entre 1892 et 1927. Il s'agit d'une analyse documentaire portant sur des débats parlementaires et sur un fond d'archives (RG-13) afin de mettre en lumière le processus de réforme pénale en matière de protection des animaux et les justifications que le sous-tendent.
title: Prospective environmental risk assessment of mixtures in wastewater
title: Prospective environmental risk assessment of mixtures in wastewater
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Coors, Anja
name: Vollmar, Pia
name: Hassold, Enken
name: Sacher, Frank
name: Polleichtner, Christian
name: Gildemeister, Daniela
name: Kühnen, Ute
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Flammschutzmittel
Korrosionsschutz

description: The aquatic environment is continually exposed to a complex mixture of chemicals, whereby effluents of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are one key source. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether environmental risk assessments (ERAs) addressing individual substances are sufficiently protective for such coincidental mixtures. Based on a literature review of chemicals reported to occur in municipal WWTP effluents and mode-of-action considerations, four different types of mixtures were composed containing human pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and chemicals regulated under REACH. The experimentally determined chronic aquatic toxicity of these mixtures towards primary producers and the invertebrate Daphnia magna could be adequately predicted by the concept of concentration addition, with up to 5-fold overestimation and less than 3-fold underestimation of mixture toxicity. Effluents of a municipal WWTP had no impact on the predictability of mixture toxicity and showed no adverse effects on the test organisms. Predictive ERAs for the individual mixture components based on here derived predicted no effect concentrations (PNECs) and median measured concentrations in WWTP effluents (MCeff) indicated no unacceptable risk for any of the individual chemicals, while MCeff/PNEC summation indicated a possible risk for multi-component mixtures. However, a refined mixture assessment based on the sum of toxic units at species level indicated no unacceptable risks, and allowed for a safety margin of more than factor 10, not taking into account any dilution of WWTP effluents by surface waters. Individual substances, namely climbazole, fenofibric acid and fluoxetine, were dominating the risks of the investigated mixtures, while added risk due to the mixture was found to be low with the risk quotient being increased by less than factor 2. Yet, uncertainty remains regarding chronic mixture toxicity in fish, which was not included in the present study. The number and identity of substances composing environmental mixtures such as WWTP effluents is typically unknown. Therefore, a mixture assessment factor is discussed as an option for a prospective ERA of mixtures of unknown composition. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.