cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The width of Herschel filaments varies with distance
Creators: name: Seifried, D.
name: Heitsch, F.
name: Kainulainen, J.
name: Smith, R.J.
name: Ntormousi, E.
name: Panopoulou, G.V.
name: Hacar, A.
name: Clark, S.E.
Publisher: name: EDP Sciences
Year: 2022

description: Context. Filamentary structures in nearby molecular clouds have been found to exhibit a characteristic width of 0.1 pc, as observed in dust emission. Understanding the origin of this universal width has become a topic of central importance in the study of molecular cloud structure and the early stages of star formation. Aims. We investigate how the recovered widths of filaments depend on the distance from the observer by using previously published results from the Herschel Gould Belt Survey. Methods. We obtained updated estimates on the distances to nearby molecular clouds observed with Herschel by using recent results based on 3D dust extinction mapping and Gaia. We examined the widths of filaments from individual clouds separately, as opposed to treating them as a single population. We used these per-cloud filament widths to search for signs of variation amongst the clouds of the previously published study. Results. We find a significant dependence of the mean per-cloud filament width with distance. The distribution of mean filament widths for nearby clouds is incompatible with that of farther away clouds. The mean per-cloud widths scale with distance approximately as 4-5 times the beam size. We examine the effects of resolution by performing a convergence study of a filament profile in the Herschel image of the Taurus Molecular Cloud. We find that resolution can severely affect the shapes of radial profiles over the observed range of distances. Conclusions. We conclude that the data are inconsistent with 0.1 pc being the universal characteristic width of filaments.
Metastability for general dynamics with rare transitions: escape time and critical configurations
Creators: name: Cirillo, Emilio
name: Nardi, Francesca
name: Sohier, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K35, 82C26

description: Metastability is a physical phenomenon ubiquitous in first order phase transitions. A fruitful mathematical way to approach this phenomenon is the study of rare transitions Markov chains. For Metropolis chains associated with Statistical Mechanics systems, this phenomenon has been described in an elegant way in terms of the energy landscape associated to the Hamiltonian of the system. In this paper, we provide a similar description in the general rare transitions setup. Beside their theoretical content, we believe that our results are a useful tool to approach metastability for non--Metropolis systems such as Probabilistic Cellular Automata.
description: 39 pages, 3 figures
A systematic comparison of two-equation Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes turbulence models applied to shock-cloud interactions
Creators: name: Heitsch, F.
name: Goodson, M.D.
name: Eklund, K.
name: Williams, V.A.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2017

description: Turbulence models attempt to account for unresolved dynamics and diffusion in hydrodynamical simulations. We develop a common framework for two-equation Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes turbulence models, and we implement six models in the ATHENA code.We verify each implementation with the standard subsonic mixing layer, although the level of agreement depends on the definition of the mixing layer width. We then test the validity of each model into the supersonic regime, showing that compressibility corrections can improve agreement with experiment. For models with buoyancy effects, we also verify our implementation via the growth of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability in a stratified medium. The models are then applied to the ubiquitous astrophysical shock-cloud interaction in three dimensions.We focus on the mixing of shock and cloud material, comparing results from turbulence models to high-resolution simulations (up to 200 cells per cloud radius) and ensemble-averaged simulations. We find that the turbulence models lead to increased spreading and mixing of the cloud, although no two models predict the same result. Increased mixing is also observed in inviscid simulations at resolutions greater than 100 cells per radius, which suggests that the turbulent mixing begins to be resolved.
Subsystem Density-Functional Theory as an Effective Tool for Modeling Ground and Excited States, their Dynamics, and Many-Body Interactions
Creators: name: Krishtal, Alisa
name: Sinha, Debalina
name: Genova, Alessandro
name: Pavanello, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Subsystem Density-Functional Theory (DFT) is an emerging technique for calculating the electronic structure of complex molecular and condensed phase systems. In this topical review, we focus on some recent advances in this field related to the computation of condensed phase systems, their excited states, and the evaluation of many-body interactions between the subsystems. As subsystem DFT is in principle an exact theory, any advance in this field can have a dual role. One is the possible applicability of a resulting method in practical calculations. The other is the possibility of shedding light on some quantum-mechanical phenomenon which is more easily treated by subdividing a supersystem into subsystems. An example of the latter is many-body interactions. In the discussion, we present some recent work from our research group as well as some new results, casting them in the current state-of-the-art in this review as comprehensively as possible.
description: Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter (accepted)
Emergence of Primordial Sociality
Creators: name: Palmer, Kent
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Sociology, Social Theory, Social Philosophy, Social Metaphysics, Nature of Sociality, Wild Sociality, Existential Sociality

description: How to understand Primordial Sociality and its emergence philosophically in relation to Fundamental Ontology and Existentialism. Primordial Sociality is based on Wild Being. This is distinguished from Existential Sociality based on the Emergent Meta-system. The various kinds of Being such as Pure, Process, and Hyper Being gives rise to different kinds of basic sociality which are Pure Sociality, Process Sociality, and Hyper Sociality prior to the arising of Wild Sociality that then appears on the surface of Ultra Sociality that is completely transcendent (height) or is represented by the utterly unconscious (depth). Wild Being is a surface phenomena of the expression of Sense differentiated from Nonsense. Wild Sociality appears within the Transcendental field as the intrapenetration of what Merleau-Ponty calls Tacit Cogitos.
description: https://www.academia.edu/75841130/Emergence_of_Primordial_Sociality
The impact of magnetic fields on the chemical evolution of the supernova-driven ISM
Creators: name: Pardi, A.
name: Walch, S.
name: Wünsch, R.
name: Girichidis, P.
name: Heitsch, F.
name: Peters, T.
name: Gatto, A.
name: Glover, S.C.O.
name: Klessen, R.S.
name: Naab, T.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2017

description: We present three-dimensional magneto-hydrodynamical simulations of the self-gravitating interstellarmedium (ISM) in a periodic (256 pc)3 box with a mean number density of 0.5 cm-3. At a fixed supernova rate we investigate the multi-phase ISM structure, H2 molecule formation and density-magnetic field scaling for varying initial magnetic field strengths (0, 6 × 10-3, 0.3, 3 μG). All magnetic runs saturate at mass-weighted field strengths of ~1-3 μG but the ISM structure is notably different. With increasing initial field strengths (from 6 × 10-3 to 3 μG) the simulations develop an ISM with a more homogeneous density and temperature structure, with increasing mass (from 5 to 85 per cent) and volume filling fractions (VFFs; from 4 to 85 per cent) of warm (300 < T < 8000 K) gas, with decreasing VFFs from ~35 to ~12 per cent of hot gas (T > 105 K) and with a decreasing H2 mass fraction (from 70 to < 1 per cent). Meanwhile, the mass fraction of gas in which the magnetic pressure dominates over the thermal pressure increases by a factor of 10, from 0.07 for an initial field of 6 × 10-3 μG to 0.7 for a 3 μG initial field. In all but the simulations with the highest initial field strength self-gravity promotes the formation of dense gas and H2, but does not change any other trends. We conclude that magnetic fields have a significant impact on the multi-phase, chemical and thermal structure of the ISM and discuss potential implications and limitations of the model.
From realistic 2HDM-II CPV benchmarks to the $H^\pm \toτν$ decay at the LHC
Creators: name: Basso, Lorenzo
name: Osland, Per
name: Pruna, Giovanni Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phenomenological studies of a CP-violating two-Higgs-doublet Model with type-II Yukawa couplings are presented. In the light of recent LHC data, an update on the viable parameter space that survives both the experimental and theoretical constraints is provided. In addition, the scope of the LHC in exploring this model through the discovery of a charged Higgs boson that decays in the tauonic mode is analysed. For this, various production channels were investigated, with emphasis on the boson-associated channel $gg\to H_i\to H^\pm W^\mp$ and the fermion-associated channels $gb\to H^\pm t$ and $gg\to H^\pm bt$. For the latter, a signal-over-background analysis is performed.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, "Prospects for Charged Higgs Discovery at Colliders - CHARGED 2014"
Supplementary Material for: Locomotion and paleoclimate explain the re-evolution of quadrupedal body form in Brachymeles lizards
Creators: name: Bergmann, Philip J.
name: Morinaga,
name: Freitas, Elyse S.
name: Irschick, Duncan J.
name: Wagner, Günter P.
name: Siler, Cameron D.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Single file containing supplementary tables and figures.
Modelling shear flows with smoothed particle hydrodynamics and grid-based methods
Creators: name: Wetzstein, M.
name: Heitsch, F.
name: Schartmann, M.
name: Junk, V.
name: Price, D.
name: Walch, S.
name: Burkert, A.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Year: 2010

description: Given the importance of shear flows for astrophysical gas dynamics, we study the evolution of the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability (KHI) analytically and numerically. We derive the dispersion relation for the two-dimensional KHI including viscous dissipation. The resulting expression for the growth rate is then used to estimate the intrinsic viscosity of four numerical schemes depending on code-specific as well as on physical parameters. Our set of numerical schemes includes the Tree-SPH code vine, an alternative smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) formulation developed by Price and the finite-volume grid codes flash and pluto. In the first part, we explicitly demonstrate the effect of dissipation-inhibiting mechanisms such as the Balsara viscosity on the evolution of the KHI. With vine, increasing density contrasts lead to a continuously increasing suppression of the KHI (with complete suppression from a contrast of 6:1 or higher). The alternative SPH formulation including an artificial thermal conductivity reproduces the analytically expected growth rates up to a density contrast of 10:1. The second part addresses the shear flow evolution with flash and pluto. Both codes result in a consistent non-viscous evolution (in the equal as well as in the different density case) in agreement with the analytical prediction. The viscous evolution studied with flash shows minor deviations from the analytical prediction.
Oscillating shocks in the low angular momentum flows as a source of variability of accreting black holes
Creators: name: Suková, Petra
name: Janiuk, Agnieszka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the conditions for shock formation in a quasi-spherical, slightly rotating flows. We verify the results of semi-analytical, stationary calculations with the time evolution studied by numerical hydro-simulations, and we study the oscillations of the shock position. We also study the behaviour of flows with varying specific angular momentum, where the 'hysteresis' type of loop is found when passing through the multiple sonic points region. Our results are in agreement with the timescales and shapes of the luminosity flares observed in Sgr A*. These models may also be applicable for the Galactic stellar mass black holes, like GX 339-4 or GRS 1915+105, where periodic oscillations of X-ray luminosity are detected.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, 1 table; submitted to MNRAS
Microcanonical thermostatistics analysis without histograms: cumulative distribution and Bayesian approaches
Creators: name: Alves, Nelson A.
name: Morero, Lucas D.
name: Rizzi, Leandro G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microcanonical thermostatistics analysis has become an important tool to reveal essential aspects of phase transitions in complex systems. An efficient way to estimate the microcanonical inverse temperature $β(E)$ and the microcanonical entropy $S(E)$ is achieved with the statistical temperature weighted histogram analysis method (ST-WHAM). The strength of this method lies on its flexibility, as it can be used to analyse data produced by algorithms with generalised sampling weights. However, for any sampling weight, ST-WHAM requires the calculation of derivatives of energy histograms $H(E)$, which leads to non-trivial and tedious binning tasks for models with continuous energy spectrum such as those for biomolecular and colloidal systems. Here, we discuss two alternative methods that avoid the need for such energy binning to obtain continuous estimates for $H(E)$ in order to evaluate $β(E)$ by using ST-WHAM: (i) a series expansion to estimate probability densities from the empirical cumulative distribution function (CDF), and (ii) a Bayesian approach to model this CDF. Comparison with a simple linear regression method is also carried out. The performance of these approaches is evaluated considering coarse-grained protein models for folding and peptide aggregation.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures
Steady-state one-way Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering in optomechanical interfaces
Creators: name: Tan, Huatang
name: Zhang, Xincheng
name: Li, Gaoxiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) steering is a form of quantum correlations and its intrinsic asymmetry makes it distinct from entanglement and Bell nonlocality. We propose here a scheme for realizing one-way Gaussian steering of two electromagnetic fields mediated by a mechanical oscillator. We reveal that the steady-state one-way steering of the intracavity and output fields is obtainable with different cavity losses or strong mechanical damping. The conditions for achieving this asymmetric steering are found, and it shows that the steering is robust against thermal mechanical fluctuations. The present scheme can realize hybrid microwave-optical asymmetric steering by optoelectromechanics. In addition, our results are generic and can also be applied to other three-mode parametrically-coupled bosonic systems.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Social Media and the Mediating Role of Perceived Authenticity in Covert Celebrity Endorsement: Influencing Factors
Creators: name: Levitan, Sabina
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2020
Subjects: celebrity endorsement
social media marketing
perceived authenticity
covert marketing
influencer marketing

description: This thesis analyses the factors that influence the celebrity endorser’s perceived authenticity and its impact on the promoted brand in covert social media marketing. To examine consumer behaviour, the Persuasion Knowledge Model and Attribution Theory were integrated, and a theoretical framework was then developed. In total, 653 social media users were recruited to participate in the research, and structural equation modelling was conducted to test the proposed model. The results confirm that (1) activated persuasion knowledge negatively influences celebrity endorser’s perceived authenticity in covert social media marketing; (2) celebrity-brand congruity does not have a significant impact on the endorser’s perceived authenticity; (3) celebrity’s expertise positively influences the celebrity endorser’s perceived authenticity when endorsing products related to his or her area of expertise; (4) the celebrity’s perceived attractiveness has a positive impact on the celebrity’s perceived authenticity when endorsing attractiveness enhancing products covertly in social media; and (5) perceived authenticity of a celebrity endorser positively influences brand attitudes and, consequently, behavioural intentions. Both theoretical and managerial implications are drawn, suggesting directions for future studies.
The fate of high-velocity clouds: Warm or cold cosmic rain?
Creators: name: Putman, M.E.
name: Heitsch, F.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2009

description: We present two sets of grid-based hydrodynamical simulations of high-velocity clouds (HVCs) traveling through the diffuse, hot Galactic halo. These H i clouds have been suggested to provide fuel for ongoing star formation in the Galactic disk. The first set of models is best described as a wind-tunnel experiment in which the HVC is exposed to a wind of constant density and velocity. In the second set of models, we follow the trajectory of the HVC on its way through an isothermal hydrostatic halo toward the disk. Thus, we cover the two extremes of possible HVC trajectories. The resulting cloud morphologies exhibit a pronounced head-tail structure, with a leading dense cold core and a warm diffuse tail. Morphologies and velocity differences between head and tail are consistent with observations. For typical cloud velocities and halo densities, clouds with H i masses <104.5 M⊙ will lose their H i content within 10 kpc or less. Their remnants may contribute to a population of warm ionized gas clouds in the hot coronal gas, and they may eventually be integrated in the warm ionized Galactic disk. Some of the (still overdense, but now slow) material might recool, forming intermediate or low-velocity clouds close to the Galactic disk. Given our simulation parameters and the limitation set by numerical resolution, we argue that the derived disruption distances are strong upper limits.
Data files from Microgeographic divergence of functional responses among salamanders under antagonistic selection from apex predators
Creators: name: Urban, Mark C.
name: Friedenfelds, Nicole A.
name: Richardson, Jonathan L.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Data underlying research
Polyphonic Music Generation by Modeling Temporal Dependencies Using a RNN-DBN
Creators: name: Goel, Kratarth
name: Vohra, Raunaq
name: Sahoo, J. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose a generic technique to model temporal dependencies and sequences using a combination of a recurrent neural network and a Deep Belief Network. Our technique, RNN-DBN, is an amalgamation of the memory state of the RNN that allows it to provide temporal information and a multi-layer DBN that helps in high level representation of the data. This makes RNN-DBNs ideal for sequence generation. Further, the use of a DBN in conjunction with the RNN makes this model capable of significantly more complex data representation than an RBM. We apply this technique to the task of polyphonic music generation.
description: 8 pages, A4, 1 figure, 1 table, ICANN 2014 oral presentation. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1206.6392 by other authors
Driving turbulence and triggering star formation by ionizing radiation
Creators: name: Naab, T.
name: Walch, S.
name: Burkert, A.
name: Heitsch, F.
name: Gritschneder, M.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2009

description: We present high-resolution simulations on the impact of ionizing radiation of massive O stars on the surrounding turbulent interstellar medium (ISM). The simulations are performed with the newly developed software iVINE which combines ionization with smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) and gravitational forces. We show that radiation from hot stars penetrates the ISM, efficiently heats cold low-density gas and amplifies overdensities seeded by the initial turbulence. The formation of observed pillar-like structures in star-forming regions (e.g. in M16) can be explained by this scenario. At the tip of the pillars gravitational collapse can be induced, eventually leading to the formation of low-mass stars. Detailed analysis of the evolution of the turbulence spectra shows that UV radiation of O stars indeed provides an excellent mechanism to sustain and even drive turbulence in the parental molecular cloud.
COVID-19 Bibliometrics 5th – 11th October 2020
Creators: name: Www.Covid19bibliometrics.Org
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: COVID-19
Medicine and Health
Science and Engineering
Social Science, Humanities and Public Policy
Novel Coronavirus
SARS-COV-2
2019-nCoV

description: This is a compilation of COVID-19 research insights published from 5th – 11th October 2020 in these fields: Medicine and Health Science and Engineering Social Science, Humanities and Public Policy About www.covid19bibliometrics.org
 Introduction: The number of confirmed cases during the current Covid-19 pandemic is escalating exponentially. At the same time, the public are constantly being inundated with a formidable quantity of information, from innumerable sources, and containing both genuine as well as fake news. The Covid-19 “infodemic” is here. Health professionals including medical doctors and nurses are busy fighting the virus on the front line in our communities and hospitals and struggling to treat the ever-growing number of cases. Scientists and technicians at their bench-tops and computers in their research laboratories, are racing to find solutions, create new protective equipment, and ideally develop a vaccine. They all need accurate, timely and reliable information upon which they can make their decisions, find solutions, and help defeat this pandemic. This initiative aims to provide reliable and timely (initially at least twice a week) web updates on the relevant published literature. “Reliable” and “timely” means that it can be trusted and it is up to date; “relevant” and “published” means that it is focused on what health professionals and scientists need when facing both the pandemic and the infodemic, and it can be trusted as sound science. We plan to make the material succinct and accessible, and to provide key bibliometric indices such as source and citation.
 Objectives: 1. To update the global scientific community on current Covid-19 related published papers in an accessible, timely and trusted format
 2. To analyse the published papers for trends and to provide insights
 3. To identify gaps in research
 4. To promote international research collaboration with a view to overcoming Covid-19 and promoting recovery Methodology: Covid-19 related publications to be searched using the Scopus database using as a minimum the following keywords: 2019-nCoV, SARS-CoV-2, Covid-19, novel Coronavirus. Papers then to be categorized according to topic, research fields, institutions, countries, etc. Abstracts and papers to be reviewed for findings, trends, key insights, etc. To read previous COVID-19 research insights, please go to:
 https://zenodo.org/communities/covid19bibliometrics/
description: More information, please go to https://www.covid19bibliometrics.org/
Star-formation histories of local luminous infrared galaxies
Creators: name: Pereira-Santaella, Miguel
name: Alonso-Herrero, Almudena
name: Colina, Luis
name: Miralles-Caballero, Daniel
name: Pérez-González, Pablo G.
name: Arribas, Santiago
name: Bellocchi, Enrica
name: Cazzoli, Sara
name: Díaz-Santos, Tanio
name: López, Javier Piqueras
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the analysis of the integrated spectral energy distribution (SED) from the ultraviolet (UV) to the far-infrared and H$α$ of a sample of 29 local systems and individual galaxies with infrared (IR) luminosities between 10^11 Lsun and 10^11.8 Lsun. We have combined new narrow-band H$α$+[NII] and broad-band g, r optical imaging taken with the Nordic Optical Telescope (NOT), with archival GALEX, 2MASS, Spitzer, and Herschel data. The SEDs (photometry and integrated H$α$ flux) have been fitted with a modified version of the MAGPHYS code using stellar population synthesis models for the UV-near-IR range and thermal emission models for the IR emission taking into account the energy balance between the absorbed and re-emitted radiation. From the SED fits we derive the star-formation histories (SFH) of these galaxies. For nearly half of them the star-formation rate appears to be approximately constant during the last few Gyrs. In the other half, the current star-formation rate seems to be enhanced by a factor of 3-20 with respect to that occured ~1 Gyr ago. Objects with constant SFH tend to be more massive than starbursts and they are compatible with the expected properties of a main-sequence (M-S) galaxy. Likewise, the derived SFHs show that all our objects were M-S galaxies ~1 Gyr ago with stellar masses between 10^10.1 and 10^11.5 Msun. We also derived from our fits the average extinction (A_v=0.6-3 mag) and the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) luminosity to L(IR) ratio (0.03-0.16). We combined the A_v with the total IR and H$α$ luminosities into a diagram which can be used to identify objects with rapidly changing (increasing or decreasing) SFR during the last 100 Myr.
description: 16 pages + online material, accepted for publication in A&A
Interplay between Raman shift and thermal expansion in graphene: temperature-dependent measurements and analysis of substrate corrections
Creators: name: Linas, S.
name: Magnin, Y.
name: Poinsot, B.
name: Boisron, O.
name: Forster, G. D.
name: Han, Z.
name: Kalita, D.
name: Bouchiat, V.
name: Martinez, V.
name: Fulcrand, R.
name: Tournus, F.
name: Dupuis, V.
name: Rabilloud, F.
name: Bardotti, L.
name: Calvo, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements and calculations have shown significant disagreement regarding the sign and variations of the thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) of graphene $α(T)$. Here we report dedicated Raman scattering experiments conducted for graphene monolayers deposited on silicon nitride substrates and over the broad temperature range 150--900~K. The relation between those measurements for the G band and the graphene TEC, which involves correcting the measured signal for the mismatch contribution of the substrate, is analyzed based on various theoretical candidates for $α(T)$. Contrary to calculations in the quasiharmonic approximation, a many-body potential reparametrized for graphene correctly reproduces experimental data. These results indicate that the TEC is more likely to be positive above room temperature.
IVINE - Ionization in the parallel tree/sph code VINE: First results on the observed age-spread around O-stars
Creators: name: Wetzstein, M.
name: Walch, S.
name: Naab, T.
name: Gritschneder, M.
name: Heitsch, F.
name: Burkert, A.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Year: 2009

description: We present a three-dimensional, fully parallelized, efficient implementation of ionizing ultraviolet (UV) radiation for smoothed particle hydrodynamics (sph) including self-gravity. Our method is based on the sph/tree code vine. We therefore call it iVINE (for Ionization + VINE). This approach allows detailed high-resolution studies of the effects of ionizing radiation from, for example, young massive stars on their turbulent parental molecular clouds. In this paper, we describe the concept and the numerical implementation of the radiative transfer for a plane-parallel geometry and we discuss several test cases demonstrating the efficiency and accuracy of the new method. As a first application, we study the radiatively driven implosion of marginally stable molecular clouds at various distances of a strong UV source and show that they are driven into gravitational collapse. The resulting cores are very compact and dense exactly as it is observed in clustered environments. Our simulations indicate that the time of triggered collapse depends on the distance of the core from the UV source. Clouds closer to the source collapse several 105 yr earlier than more distant clouds. This effect can explain the observed age spread in OB associations where stars closer to the source are found to be younger. We discuss possible uncertainties in the observational derivation of shock front velocities due to early stripping of protostellar envelopes by ionizing radiation.
Visions of Ecological Transition in Europe: comparing perceptions, unveiling plurality
Creators: name: Guedes Vidal, Diogo
name: Alves, Fatima
name: Freitas, Helena
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The wide dissemination of the Ecological transition concept, without the integration of different views, understandings and constraints, could undermine the collective efforts to pursue it. Therefore, in the scope of the H2020 European project "PHOENIX", this work aims to contribute to providing different visions on Ecological Transition across 6 European countries-Portugal, Spain, France, Italy, Hungary and Estonia-through the application of 41 interviews with policymakers, scientists, NGO actors, representatives of economics groups and citizens. From the interviews, it was clear that the adoption of pro-ecological behaviors is not only dependent on individual choices-lack of awareness or giving up on personal comfort. The interviewees highlight the financial barriers as the main constraints-both at an individual level and the macro level, i.e. the economic interests of companies-, as well as the lack of support of institutions as role models in this ecological transition. More importantly, a general perception of the ineffectiveness of traditional participation models was visible, limiting the possibility of intervention, especially for vulnerable social groups. People want to make part of this transition, but this can only be achieved through mechanisms of participation grounded in fair, inclusive and plural processes. The transformative policy postulated by the ecological transition must be based on in-depth knowledge of the biophysical and socioeconomic cultural characteristics of territories, which is a prerequisite that requires transformative processes at individual and structural levels.
THE UNCONVENTIONAL CURE: EXPLORING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FECAL TRANSPLANTS FOR COLON CANCER
Creators: name: Oluwaseyi, Idowu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Cancer therapy (excl. chemotherapy and radiation therapy)

description: Cancer has long been one of the most feared and devastating diseases in the world, and colon cancer is no exception. Despite advances in medical science, the traditional treatments for colon cancer such as chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery can be harsh and often have side effects. But what if there was an unconventional cure that could effectively treat colon cancer without the harsh side effects? Enter fecal transplants, a medical procedure that has been gaining popularity in recent years. While the idea of transplanting fecal matter into the colon may seem unorthodox, studies have shown that it can be an effective treatment for colon cancer. In this article, we'll explore the science behind fecal transplants and delve into the effectiveness of this unconventional cure for colon cancer.
Treating Skin with Use of Electroporation
Creators: name: Skrynska, Oleksandra
name: Antonova-Rafi, Julia
name: Khudetskyy, Igor
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 90399 Biomedical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Medical engineering

description: - Since the opening of the electroporation method, E. Neuman was passed a lot of time. This method allows penetrating inside the cell of high-molecular compounds, by increasing the permeability of the membrane using an electric field. At present, this method is used both as a reversible and as an irreversible process in biotechnology and medicine. Electroporation is used in different variety of areas, for example, in medicine for the treatment of cancer, in biotechnology to create hybrids, in cosmetology for the delivery of drugs to the cells. Wherever this method is used, it is always based on the effect of electromagnetic pulses on the cell membrane to form pores of the required dimensions. Recently, the electroporation method has become widely used in cosmetology, as a method of non-injection mesotherapy. During electroporation in the bilayer lipid membrane, a local restructuring of the structure occurs, leading to the appearance of reversible through water channels. This method promotes faster penetration of necessary substances (drugs, vitamins) inside. This technique increases cell permeability by 400 times. In this case, about 90 - 100% of the active substances penetrate.
Improve the quality and impact of your research through data management - A guide for making your data FAIR
Creators: name: Lehtisalo, Anneli
name: Asmi, Ari
name: Troberg, Heidi
name: Essen, Jessica Parland-Von
name: Hakala, Juha
name: Laine, Katja
name: Söderholm, Maria
name: Vuorinen, Marjut
name: Virtanen, Mika
name: Salminen, Nina-Mari
name: Nygren, Pekka
name: Huuskonen, Saila
name: Sipponen, Sonja
name: Lindholm, Tanja
name: Mäkinen, Tarja
name: Taskinen, Timo
name: Rosti, Tomi
name: Alaterä, Tuomas
name: Pääkkönen, Tuula
name: Koivula, Hanna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: FAIR Principles
Data Management
Research Data Management
Finland

description: The guidelines Improve the quality and impact of your research through data management – A guide for making your data FAIR address researchers and guides them to follow the FAIR principles throughout the research process. The guidelines supporting good data management drawn up by the Applying FAIR principles working group established by the research data expert panel. Taking the FAIR principles into account supports the repeatability of the research and the verification of the results afterwards. The guidelines also explain some key basic concepts of research data management. The guidelines prepared by the AVOTT working group can be applied to the needs of your own organization, and you can use them freely to support research activities. The guidelines are available in English, Finnish and Swedish in both PDF and PPTX formats.
Turbulent fracture surfaces: A footprint of damage percolation?
Creators: name: Vernede, Stephane
name: Ponson, Laurent
name: Bouchaud, Jean-Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a length scale xi can be extracted from the spatial correlations of the "steep cliffs" that appear on fracture surface. Above xi, the slope amplitudes are uncorrelated and the fracture surface is mono-affine. Below xi, long-range spatial correlation lead to a multi-fractal behavior of the surface, reminiscent of turbulent flows. Our results support a unifying conjecture for the geometry of fracture surfaces: for scales > ξthe surface is the trace left by an elastic line propagating in a random medium, while for scales < ξthe highly correlated patterns on the surface result from the merging of interacting damage cavities.
description: 4,5 pages + supplementary material
Full-array channel discrimination in cochlear implants: validation and clinical application
Creators: name: Windmeijer, Coen A. A.
name: Biesheuvel, Jan Dirk
name: Boermans, Peter-Paul B. M.
name: Briaire, Jeroen J.
name: Frijns, Johan H. M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: We sought to validate our proposed tool for estimating channel discrimination of cochlear implant (CI) users along the full electrode array and to assess associations between place-pitch discrimination and speech perception. In two tests, participants identified one stimulus (probe) as the odd-one-out compared with two reference stimuli. Probe stimuli were evoked using dual electrode stimulation characterised by the current steering coefficient α. The first test measured psychometric functions (PFs) on pre-defined contacts, with just a noticeable difference (JNDα) as the outcome variable. The second test estimated channel discrimination on the full electrode array, yielding a discrimination score of Dα. We measured speech perception as free-field consonant-vowel-consonant phoneme recognition scores. We included 25 adults with at least 6 months of CI experience. JNDα and Dα scores measured on the same contact correlated significantly (rs = 0.64, p < 0.001). Mean JNDα and speech perception scores showed significant relationships in quiet and in noise. Dα correlated strongly with JNDα scores obtained with the PFs. For poor performers, the full-array test may underestimate JNDα. The full-array pitch discrimination test could be a helpful clinical tool, such as for fitting regions of lesser pitch discrimination ability.
Evaluation of a teleaudiology service in regional Australia
Creators: name: Winter, Natalie
name: McMillan, Katie
name: Finch, Jennifer
name: da Silva, David
name: Whitehead, Andrea
name: Harvey, Desley
name: McBride, Liza-Jane
name: Hickson, Louise
name: Theodoros, Deborah
name: Russell, Trevor
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biotechnology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Evaluate accessibility, effectiveness, acceptability and efficiency of a student- assisted teleaudiology model of care in a regional hospital in Queensland, Australia. Prospective mixed method service evaluation study. Demographic, service and satisfaction data were collected from 233 patients (children aged ≥5 and adults) who received teleaudiology assessment. Satisfaction data was collected from 27 hospital clinic staff (medical, nursing and clinic assistants) and 28 university audiology clinical educator participants. Experience and satisfaction data were collected from 16 teleaudiology clinic university students. Quantitative data was analysed using SPSS software. Qualitative data were analysed using inductive content analysis. Following introduction of the teleaudiology service in 2017 and evaluation during the first 6 months, 95% of patients were able to access audiology assessments on the same day as their Ear, Nose and Throat appointments. New referrals to the service were seen within a month. The audiology assessment battery was completed 95% of the time within an average of 33 minutes by the end of the study period. Patients, hospital and university staff and students reported high satisfaction with their experiences of teleaudiology, including its convenience and efficiency. A student-assisted teleaudiology model of care can deliver accessible, effective, and efficient services with high levels of satisfaction by participants.
Supplementary files: survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, Viet Nam: multicentre prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Do, Son Ngoc
name: Luong, Chinh Quoc
name: Pham, Dung Thi
name: Nguyen, Chi Van
name: Ton, Tra Thanh
name: Pham, Thao Thi Ngoc
name: Hoang, Quoc Trong Ai
name: Hoang, Hanh Trong
name: Nguyen, Dat Tuan
name: Khuong, Dai Quoc
name: Nguyen, Quan Huu
name: Nguyen, Tuan Anh
name: Pham, Hanh Thi My
name: Nguyen, My Ha
name: McNally, Bryan Francis
name: Ong, Marcus Eng Hock
name: Nguyen, Anh Dat
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110305 Emergency Medicine
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplementary files: survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, Viet Nam: multicentre prospective cohort study
Engineering of Quantum State by Time-Dependent Decoherence-Free Subspaces
Creators: name: Wu, S. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the time-dependent decoherence-free subspace theory to a Markovian open quantum system in order to present a novel proposal for quantum-state engineering program. By quantifying the purity of the quantum state, we verify that the quantum-state engineering process designed via our method is completely unitary within any total engineering time. Even though the controls on the open quantum system are not perfect, the asymptotic purity is still robust. Owing to its ability to completely resist decoherence and the lack of restraint in terms of the total engineering time, our proposal is suitable for multitask quantum-state engineering program. Therefore, this proposal is not only useful for achieving the quantum-state engineering program experimentally, it also helps us build both a quantum simulation and quantum information equipment in reality.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. A
Rapid molecular cloud and star formation: Mechanisms and movies
Creators: name: Heitsch, F.
name: Hartmann, L.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2008

description: We demonstrate that the observationally inferred rapid onset of star formation after parental molecular clouds have assembled can be achieved by flow-driven cloud formation of atomic gas, using our previous three-dimensional numerical simulations. We postprocess these simulations to approximate CO formation, which allows us to investigate the times at which CO becomes abundant relative to the onset of cloud collapse. We find that global gravity in a finite cloud has two crucial effects on cloud evolution. (1) Lateral collapse (perpendicular to the flows sweeping up the cloud) leads to rapidly increasing column densities above the accumulation from the one-dimensional flow. This in turn allows fast formation of CO, allowing the molecular cloud to "appear" rapidly. (2) Global gravity is required to drive the dense gas to the high pressures necessary to form solar-mass cores, in support of recent analytical models of cloud fragmentation. While the clouds still appear "supersonically turbulent," this turbulence is relegated to playing a secondary role, in that it is to some extent a consequence of gravitational forces.
Children with amblyaudia show less flexibility in auditory cortical entrainment to periodic non-speech sounds
Creators: name: Momtaz, Sara
name: Moncrieff, Deborah
name: Ray, Meredith A.
name: Bidelman, Gavin M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: We investigated auditory temporal processing in children with amblyaudia (AMB), a subtype of auditory processing disorder (APD), via cortical neural entrainment. Evoked responses were recorded to click-trains at slow vs. fast (8.5 vs. 14.9/s) rates in n = 14 children with AMB and n = 11 age-matched controls. Source and time–frequency analyses (TFA) decomposed EEGs into oscillations (reflecting neural entrainment) stemming from bilateral auditory cortex. Phase-locking strength in AMB depended critically on the speed of auditory stimuli. In contrast to age-matched peers, AMB responses were largely insensitive to rate manipulations. This rate resistance occurred regardless of the ear of presentation and in both cortical hemispheres. Children with AMB show less rate-related changes in auditory cortical entrainment. In addition to reduced capacity to integrate information between the ears, we identify more rigid tagging of external auditory stimuli. Our neurophysiological findings may account for domain-general temporal processing deficits commonly observed in AMB and related APDs behaviourally. More broadly, our findings may inform communication strategies and future rehabilitation programmes; increasing the rate of stimuli above a normal (slow) speech rate is likely to make stimulus processing more challenging for individuals with AMB/APD.
Fast dynamos in weakly ionized gases
Creators: name: Zweibel, E.G.
name: Heitsch, F.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2008

description: The turnover of interstellar gas on ∼ 109 yr timescales argues for the continuous operation of a galactic dynamo. The conductivity of interstellar gas is so high that the dynamo must be "fast"; i.e., the magnetic field must be amplified at a rate nearly independent of the magnetic diffusivity. Yet all the fast dynamos so far known, and all direct numerical simulations of interstellar dynamos, yield magnetic power spectra that peak at the resistive scale, while galactic magnetic fields have substantial power on large scales. In this paper we show that in weakly ionized gas the limiting scale may be the ion-neutral decoupling scale, which, although still small, is many orders of magnitude larger than the resistive scale.
Materials for 'Climate warming will exacerbate unequal exposure to compound flood-heatwave extremes'
Creators: name: QIKANG, ZHAO
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 410103
subject: Human impacts of climate change and human adaptation
classificationCode: 370101
subject: Adverse weather events

description: We provide source codes for the manuscript 'Climate warming will exacerbate unequal exposure to compound flood-heatwave extremes'. The folder 'main' include the main procudures in terms of determining CFHWs.