cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Milk Quota Abolishment on Dutch Agriculture and Economy: Applying an Agricultural Sector Model Integrated Into a Mixed Input-Output Model
Creators: name: Helming, John F.M.
name: Peerlings, Jack H.M.
name: Helming, John F.M.
name: Peerlings, Jack H.M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Mathematical programming
subject: Manure markets
subject: Input-Output
subject: Dairy policy

description: A modelling system is presented and used to analyse the impact of milk quota abolishment on Dutch agriculture and economy. The modelling system consists of a regionalised, agri-environmental, partial equilibrium, mathematical programming model of agriculture supply in the Netherlands integrated into a mixed input-output model. It was found that abolition of the milk quota system has large impacts on milk production and livestock numbers and composition. The latter is explained by the strict mineral and manure policies in the Netherlands; an increase in the numbers of dairy cows leaves less room for other livestock. It is also found that, although the total effect on gross value added in the Dutch economy is limited, the effects for individual industries can be large.
Multivariate sensitivity-adaptive polynomial chaos expansion for high-dimensional surrogate modeling and uncertainty quantification
Creators: name: Loukrezis, Dimitrios
name: Diehl, Eric
name: De Gersem, Herbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This work develops a novel basis-adaptive method for constructing anisotropic polynomial chaos expansions of multidimensional (vector-valued, multi-output) model responses. The adaptive basis selection is based on multivariate sensitivity analysis metrics that can be estimated by post-processing the polynomial chaos expansion and results in a common anisotropic polynomial basis for the vector-valued response. This allows the application of the method to problems with up to moderately high-dimensional model inputs (in the order of tens) and up to very high-dimensional model responses (in the order of thousands). The method is applied to different engineering test cases for surrogate modeling and uncertainty quantification, including use cases related to electric machine and power grid modeling and simulation, and is found to produce highly accurate results with comparatively low data and computational demand.
description: 38 pages, 12 figures, 5 tables
Additional file 1 of Palliative care provider attitudes toward existential distress and treatment with psychedelic-assisted therapies
Creators: name: Niles, Halsey
name: Fogg, Colleen
name: Kelmendi, Ben
name: Lazenby, Mark
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Semi-structured interview protocol.
LAND MARKETS IN UGANDA: INCIDENCE, IMPACT AND EVOLUTION OVER TIME
Creators: name: Deininger, Klaus W.
name: Mpuga, Paul
name: Deininger, Klaus W.
name: Mpuga, Paul
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: Although there is broad agreement that well functioning land rental markets will play an important role to increase productivity and household welfare as agrarian economies develop, evidence from Africa on the actual performance and impact of such markets is limited. We use data from Uganda to test for differences in the performance of rental, as compared to sales markets and their evolution over time, based on a framework where markets are affected by differences in ability and imperfections in rural labor and capital markets. We find that land markets are very active, that land rental but not sales markets transfer land to more efficient and relatively poor producers thereby providing an opportunity for the landless to access land, and that rental market activity has increased recently with economic growth. Despite land prices in some regions being above the net present value of land we find no evidence for sales markets leading to land concentration and conclude that, rather than imposing administrative restrictions, government should aim to improve access to alternative savings instruments.
Pseudo-Newtonian Potential for Charged Particle in Kerr-Newman Geometry
Creators: name: Ivanov, Rossen I.
name: Prodanov, Emil M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the equatorial circular motion of a test particle of specific charge q/m << 1 in the Kerr-Newman geometry of a rotating charged black hole. We find the particle's conserved energy and conserved projection of the angular momentum on the black hole's axis of rotation as corrections, in leading order of q/m, to the corresponding energy and angular momentum of a neutral particle. We determine the centripetal force acting on the test particle and, consequently, we find a classical pseudo-Newtonian potential with which one can mimic this general relativistic problem.
description: 8 pages
Additional file 1 of Detailed severity assessment of Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale to detect large vessel occlusion in acute ischemic stroke
Creators: name: Gabor Tarkanyi
name: Csecsei, Peter
name: Istvan Szegedi
name: Feher, Evelin
name: Annus, Adam
name: Tihamer Molnar
name: Szapary, Laszlo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Associations between baseline characteristics and LVO. Table S2. Diagnostic performance of investigated scales according to different cut-off values. Table S3. Baseline characteristics of the included and excluded patients.
AN EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH TO VALUING NEW DIFFERENTIATED PRODUCTS
Creators: name: Maynard, Leigh J.
name: Hartell, Jason G.
name: Meyer, A. Lee
name: Hao, Jianqiang
name: Maynard, Leigh J.
name: Hartell, Jason G.
name: Meyer, A. Lee
name: Hao, Jianqiang
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: An experimental store was created to evaluate initial demand for locally-produced and guaranteed tender steak products as a more realistic alternative to contingent valuation (CV) and dichotomous-choice experimental methods. Strengths of the approach are incentive compatibility, a realistic consumption set, and a familiar choice environment. Consumers selected among USDA Choice, premium quality, lean, guaranteed tender, and locally-produced strip steaks. A double-hurdle count data model indicated initial willingness-to-pay for locally-produced steak comparable to prior CV results, but demand was highly elastic. Demand for premium quality steak crowded out demand for the guaranteed tender product, contrasting with prior dichotomous-choice experimental results.
Additional file 1 of Health workforce strategies in response to major health events: a rapid scoping review with lessons learned for the response to the COVID-19 pandemic
Creators: name: Coates, Alison
name: Fuad, Asli-Oubah
name: Hodgson, Amanda
name: Bourgeault, Ivy Lynn
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Final literature search strategies.
Ladder Bottom-up Convolutional Bidirectional Variational Autoencoder for Image Translation of Dotted Arabic Expiration Dates
Creators: name: Zidane, Ahmed
name: Soliman, Ghada
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes an approach of Ladder Bottom-up Convolutional Bidirectional Variational Autoencoder (LCBVAE) architecture for the encoder and decoder, which is trained on the image translation of the dotted Arabic expiration dates by reconstructing the Arabic dotted expiration dates into filled-in expiration dates. We employed a customized and adapted version of Convolutional Recurrent Neural Network CRNN model to meet our specific requirements and enhance its performance in our context, and then trained the custom CRNN model with the filled-in images from the year of 2019 to 2027 to extract the expiration dates and assess the model performance of LCBVAE on the expiration date recognition. The pipeline of (LCBVAE+CRNN) can be then integrated into an automated sorting systems for extracting the expiry dates and sorting the products accordingly during the manufacture stage. Additionally, it can overcome the manual entry of expiration dates that can be time-consuming and inefficient at the merchants. Due to the lack of the availability of the dotted Arabic expiration date images, we created an Arabic dot-matrix True Type Font (TTF) for the generation of the synthetic images. We trained the model with unrealistic synthetic dates of 60,000 images and performed the testing on a realistic synthetic date of 3000 images from the year of 2019 to 2027, represented as yyyy/mm/dd. In our study, we demonstrated the significance of latent bottleneck layer with improving the generalization when the size is increased up to 1024 in downstream transfer learning tasks as for image translation. The proposed approach achieved an accuracy of 97% on the image translation with using the LCBVAE architecture that can be generalized for any downstream learning tasks as for image translation and reconstruction.
description: * Corresponding author E-mail address: ghada$.$soliman@orange$.$com Received: 14 April 2024; Accepted: 28 August 2024; Published: 30 September 2024
Simultaneous XMM-Newton and ESO VLT observations of SN 1995N: probing the wind/ejecta interaction
Creators: name: Zampieri, L.
name: Mucciarelli, P.
name: Pastorello, A.
name: Turatto, M.
name: Cappellaro, E.
name: Benetti, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of the first {\it XMM-Newton} observation of the interacting type IIn supernova 1995N, performed in July 2003. We find that the 0.2--10.0 keV unabsorbed flux dropped at a value of $\simeq 1.8 \times 10^{-13}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$, almost one order of magnitude lower than that of a previous {\it ASCA} observation of January 1998. From all the available X-ray measurements, an interesting scenario emerges where the X-ray light emission may be produced by a two-phase (clumpy/smooth) circumstellar medium. The X-ray spectral analysis shows statistically significant evidence for the presence of two distinct components, that can be modeled with emission from optically thin, thermal plasmas at different temperatures. The exponent of the ejecta density distribution inferred from these temperatures is $n\simeq 6.4$. From the fluxes of the two spectral components we derive an estimate of the mass loss rate of the supernova progenitor, ${\dot M} \sim 2 \times 10^{-4} M_\odot {\rm yr}^{-1}$, at the upper end of the interval exhibited by red super-giants. Coordinated optical and infrared observations allow us to reconstruct the simultaneous infrared to X-ray flux distribution of SN 1995N. We find that, at $\sim$ 9 years after explosion, the direct X-ray thermal emission due to the wind/ejecta interaction is $\sim 5$ times larger than the total reprocessed IR/optical flux.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, MNRAS, in press
Investigating the Andromeda Stream: II. Orbital Fits and Properties of the Progenitor
Creators: name: Fardal, M. A.
name: Babul, A.
name: Geehan, J. J.
name: Guhathakurta, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct test-particle orbits and simple N-body models that match the properties of the giant stellar stream observed to the south of M31, using the model of M31's potential derived in the companion paper by Geehan et al. (2006). We introduce a simple approximation to account for the difference in position between the stream and the orbit of the progenitor; this significantly affects the best-fitting orbits. The progenitor orbits we derive have orbital apocenter $\sim 60 \kpc$ and pericenter $\sim 3 \kpc$, though these quantities vary somewhat with the current orbital phase of the progenitor which is as yet unknown. Our best combined fit to the stream and galaxy properties implies a mass within 125 kpc of M31 of $(7.4 \pm 1.2) \times 10^{11} \Msun$. Based on its length, width, luminosity, and velocity dispersion, we conclude that the stream originates from a progenitor satellite with mass $M_s \sim 10^9 \Msun$, and at most modest amounts of dark matter; the estimate of $M_s$ is again correlated with the phase of the progenitor. M31 displays a large number of faint features in its inner halo which may be progenitors or continuations of the stream. While the orbital fits are not constrained enough for us to conclusively identify the progenitor, we can identify several plausible candidates, of which a feature in the planetary nebula distribution found by Merrett et al. is the most plausible, and rule out several others. We make predictions for the kinematic properties of the successful candidates. These may aid in observational identification of the progenitor object, which would greatly constrain the allowed models of the stream.
description: 17 pages, 10 color figures, 4 tables. Accepted by Monthly Notices; some minor revisions and corrected typos
On the Decoherence of Primordial Fluctuations During Inflation
Creators: name: Burgess, C. P.
name: Holman, R.
name: Hoover, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the process whereby quantum cosmological perturbations become classical within inflationary cosmology. By setting up a master-equation formulation we show how quantum coherence for super-Hubble modes can be destroyed by their coupling to the environment provided by sub-Hubble modes. We identify what features the sub-Hubble environment must have in order to decohere the longer wavelengths, and identify how the onset of decoherence (and how long it takes) depends on the properties of the sub-Hubble physics which forms the environment. Our results show that the decoherence process is largely insensitive to the details of the coupling between the sub- and super-Hubble scales. They also show how locality implies, quite generally, that the decohered density matrix at late times is diagonal in the field representation (as is implicitly assumed by extant calculations of inflationary density perturbations). Our calculations also imply that decoherence can arise even for couplings which are as weak as gravitational in strength.
description: 31 pages, 1 figure
Quant Bust 2020
Creators: name: Kakushadze, Zura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Portfolio Management (q-fin.PM)
subject: Risk Management (q-fin.RM)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We explain in a nontechnical fashion why dollar-neutral quant trading strategies, such as equities Statistical Arbitrage, suffered substantial losses (drawdowns) during the COVID-19 market selloff. We discuss: (i) why these strategies work during "normal" times; (ii) the market regimes when they work best; and (iii) their limitations and the reasons for why they "break" during extreme market events. An accompanying appendix (with a link to freely accessible source code) includes backtests for various strategies, which put flesh on and illustrate the discussion in the main text.
description: 29 pages; to appear in the Apr-Jun 2020 issue of The World Economics Journal
Additional file 1 of Mutant POLQ and POLZ/REV3L DNA polymerases may contribute to the favorable survival of patients with tumors with POLE mutations outside the exonuclease domain
Creators: name: Fangjin Huang
name: Tanaka, Hisashi
name: Knudsen, Beatrice S.
name: Rutgers, Joanne K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure 1. Number of cases POLE mutations (n = 138) and mutations in the exomes of DNA polymerase genes in PANCAN. Supplementary Figure 2. Mutation counts for colorectal (CORE), stomach (STAD) and endometrial (UCEC) cancers by specific polymerase mutated groups in TCGA data sets. Supplementary Figure 3. Locations of mutations in POLE, POLQ and REV3L exomes in individual colorectal (CORE), stomach (STAD) and uterine cancers (UCEC). Supplementary Figure 4. Relationships between mutation spectrum and mutation counts, POLE, POLQ and REV3L exome mutations, MSI and tumor stage of individual cases. Supplementary Figure 5. Mutation rates per Mb (y-axis) of CORE, STAD and UCEC cases with MSI and E/Q, E/Z and E/Q/Z (x-axis) mutations. Supplementary Figure 6. Relationship between pathology inflammation score and ESTIMATE immune scores for CORE, STAD, and UCEC. Supplementary Figure 7. ESTIMATE immune scores in colorectal (CORE), endometrial (UCEC) and stomach (STAD) cancers. Supplementary Table 1. Number of cases with POLE, POLQ, Z/REV3L, or multiple exome mutations in the PANCAN cohort. Supplementary Table 2. Contingency tables showing number of cases of colorectal, endometrial and stomach cancers in each category.
DO COUNTER-CYCLICAL PAYMENTS IN THE FSRI ACT CREATE INCENTIVES TO PRODUCE?
Creators: name: Anton, Jesus
name: Le Mouel, Chantal
name: Anton, Jesus
name: Le Mouel, Chantal
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Agricultural Finance

description: Analytical results in the literature suggest that counter-cyclical payments create risk-related incentives to produce even if they were "decoupled" under certainty (Hennessy, 1998). This paper develops a framework to assess the risk-related incentives to produce created by commodity programmes like the loan deficiency payments and the Counter-Cyclical Payments (CCP) in the FSRI Act. Because CCP are paid based on fixed production quantities they have a weaker risk-reducing impact than loan deficiency payments. The latter have a direct impact through the variance of the producer price distributions, while the impact of CCP is due only to the covariance between the CCP and the producer price distributions. The methodology developed by Chavas and Holt (1990) is applied to calculate the appropriate variance-covariance matrix of the truncated producer price distributions created by the FSRI in 2002. Risk premiums are computed showing that the risk related incentives created by CCP are significant and they do not disappear for levels of production that are larger than the base production on which they are paid.
THE BLENDING OF PARTICIPATORY RESEARCH AND QUANTITATIVE METHODS: WEALTH STATUS, GENDER AND THE ADOPTION OF IMPROVED FALLOWS IN ZAMBIA
Creators: name: Franzel, Steven Charles
name: Phiri, Donald
name: Mafongoya, Paramu
name: Jere, Isaac
name: Katanga, Roza
name: Phiri, Stanslous
name: Franzel, Steven Charles
name: Phiri, Donald
name: Mafongoya, Paramu
name: Jere, Isaac
name: Katanga, Roza
name: Phiri, Stanslous
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Adoption
subject: agroforestry
subject: Participatory research
subject: Sesbania sesban

description: Although there is increasing emphasis on targeting of improved technology towards poor and female farmers, few adoption studies assess the uptake of new practices by these groups in a comprehensive manner. In this study, community members used the wealth ranking method to identify the different wealth groups in their communities, to determine each household's wealth status, and to assess the association of wealth and different types of households with the planting of improved tree fallows, a practice for improving crop yields. There were no significant differences between the proportions of women and men planting improved fallows nor were there differences between single women and female heads of households who were married. There was some evidence of association between planting improved fallows and wealth. That 22% of the 'poor' group and 16% of the 'very poor' group were planting them suggests that there are no barriers preventing low-income households from doing so. Moreover, the proportion of females, poor, and very poor people planting improved fallows varied considerably among villages, suggesting that opportunities exist for increasing their use of technology. Whereas the use of mineral fertilizer is strongly associated with high-income, male farmers, improved fallows appear to be a gender-neutral and wealth-neutral technology. Poor farmers appreciate improved fallows because they permit them to substitute small amounts of land and labour for cash, their most scarce resource. Finally, the high degree of consistency among different key informants in classifying households among wealth groups confirmed the effectiveness and accuracy of the wealth ranking exercise.
Effect of hard processes on momentum correlations in $pp$ and $p\bar{p}$ collisions
Creators: name: Paic, Guy
name: Skowronski, Piotr Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The HBT radii extracted in p-pbar and pp collisions at SPS and Tevatron show a clear correlation with the charged particle rapidity density. We propose to explain the correlation using a simple model where the distance from the initial hard parton-parton scattering to the hadronization point depends on the energy of the partons emitted. Since the particle multiplicity is correlated with the mean energy of the partons produced we can explain the experimental observations without invoking scenarios that assume a thermal fireball. The model has been applied with success to the existing experimental data both in the magnitude and the intensity of the correlation. As well, the model has been extended to pp collisions at the LHC energy of 14 TeV. The possibilities of a better insight into the string spatial development using 3D HBT analysis is discussed.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Küng, Hans, Ökumenisches Denken in der heutigen katholischen Kirche
Creators: name: Andersen, Wilhelm
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 10 Nr. 1 (1961): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 10, Heft 1
Survey of Extremely High-velocity Outflows in Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasars
Creators: name: Hidalgo, Paola Rodríguez
name: Khatri, Abdul Moiz
name: Hall, Patrick B.
name: Haas, Sean
name: Quintero, Carla
name: Khatu, Viraja
name: Kowash, Griffin
name: Murray, Norm
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a survey of extremely high-velocity outflows (EHVOs) in quasars, defined by speeds between 0.1c and 0.2c. This region of the parameter space has not been included in previous surveys, but it might present the biggest challenge for theoretical models and it might be a large contributor to feedback due to the outflows' potentially large kinetic power. Using the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, we find 40 quasar spectra with broad EHVO CIV absorption, 10 times more than the number of previously known cases. We characterize the EHVO absorption and find that in 26 cases, CIV is accompanied by NV and/or OVI absorption. We find that EHVO quasars lack HeII emission and have overall larger bolometric luminosities and black hole masses than those of their parent sample and BALQSOs, while we do not find significant differences in their Eddington ratios. We also report a trend toward larger black hole masses as the velocity of the outflowing gas increases in the BALQSOs in our sample. The overall larger Lbol and lack of HeII emission of EHVO quasars suggest that radiation is likely driving these outflows. We find a potential evolutionary effect as EHVO quasars seem to be more predominant at large redshifts. We estimate that the kinetic power of these outflows may be similar to or even larger than that of the outflows from BALQSOs as the velocity factor increases this parameter by 1-2.5 orders of magnitude. Further study of EHVO quasars will help improve our understanding of quasar physics.
description: 26 pages, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Additional file 1 of Innate immune response in neuronopathic forms of Gaucher disease confers resistance against viral-induced encephalitis
Creators: name: Melamed, Sharon
name: Avraham, Roy
name: Rothbard, Deborah E.
name: Erez, Noam
name: Israely, Tomer
name: Klausner, Ziv
name: Futerman, Anthony H.
name: Paran, Nir
name: Vitner, Einat B.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Similar SVNI viral load in the serum of SVNI and SVNI + CBE mice 3 DPI. SVNI viral load in serum was determined by qRT-PCR at 3 days post infection (DPI). Levels of viral RNA were calculated based on standard curves and data are presented as plaque forming unit equivalents (pfuE)/μg RNA. Similar levels of viral RNA in the serum of SVNI and CBE + SVNI mice 3 days post SVNI infection were detected. Results are mean ± SEM (n = 4). Statistical analysis was performed using two-tailed unpaired t-test. ns not significant. Fig. S2. nGD mice are more resistance to WNV. Survival rates of C57BL/6 mice untreated (control) or treated with CBE (50 mg/kg per day) from 13 days of age, uninfected or infected with a lethal dose (10 pfu, 3LD50) of WNV on 21 day of age (n = 8 mice/group). Log-rank test for comparison of Kaplan–Meier survival curves indicated a significant decrease in the mortality of CBE + WNV mice compared to WNV-infected animals. **p
SINFONI Observations of Starclusters in Starburst Galaxies
Creators: name: Tacconi-Garman, Lowell E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used ESO's new NIR IFS SINFONI during its Science Verification period to observe the central regions of local starburst galaxies. Being Science Verification observations, the aim was two-fold: to demonstrate SINFONI's capabilities while obtaining information on the nature of starclusters in starburst galaxies. The targets chosen include a number of the brighter clusters in NGC1808 and NGC253. Here we present first results.
description: Submitted to "Adaptive Optics-Assisted Integral-Field Spectroscopy", Rutten R.G.M., Benn C.R., Mendez J., eds., May 2005, La Palma (Spain), New Astr. Rev
Depth-Dependent EBIC Microscopy of Radial-Junction Si Micropillar Arrays
Creators: name: Powell, Kaden M.
name: Yoon, Heayoung P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent advances in fabrication have enabled radial-junction architectures for cost-effective and high-performance optoelectronic devices. Unlike a planar PN junction, a radial-junction geometry maximizes the optical interaction in the three-dimensional (3D) structures, while effectively extracting the generated carriers via the conformal PN junction. In this paper, we report characterizations of radial PN junctions that consist of p-type Si micropillars created by deep reactive-ion etching (DRIE) and an n-type layer formed by phosphorus gas diffusion. We use electron-beam induced current (EBIC) microscopy to access the 3D junction profile from the sidewall of the pillars. Our EBIC images reveal uniform PN junctions conformally constructed on the 3D pillar array. Based on Monte-Carlo simulations and EBIC modeling, we estimate local carrier separation/collection efficiency that reflects the quality of the PN junction. We find the EBIC efficiency of the pillar array increases with the incident electron beam energy, consistent with the EBIC behaviors observed in a high-quality planar PN junction. The magnitude of the EBIC efficiency of our pillar array is about 70 % at 10 kV, slightly lower than that of the planar device (about 81 %). We suggest that this reduction could be attributed to the unpassivated pillar surface and the unintended recombination centers in the pillar cores introduced during the DRIE processes. Our results support that the depth-dependent EBIC approach is ideally suitable for evaluating PN junctions formed on micro/nanostructured semiconductors with various geometry.
description: 4 figures
Chemical-Grafting of Graphene Oxide Quantum Dots for Enhanced Electrochemical Analysis of Aromatics
Creators: name: Mikhraliieva, Albina
name: Zaitsev, Volodymyr
name: Tkachenko, Oleg
name: Nazarkovsky, Michael
name: Benvenutti, Edilson V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Because of high surface area and combination of various functional groups, graphene oxide (GO) is currently one of the most actively studying materials for electroanalytical applications. Self-supported GO is not practical enough to be utilized individually and thus is commonly integrated with different supporting carriers. Having large lateral size GO can only wrap the particles of the support and thus, can significantly reduce the surface area of porous materials. To reach synergy form high surface area and polyfunctional nature of GO, and a rigid structure of porous support, the lateral size of GO must be essentially decreased. Recently reported graphene oxide quantum dots (GOQDs) can fulfill this task. We report successful preparation of mesoporous silica supported GOQDs exhibiting strong luminescent band with the maximum at 404 nm. From N2 adsorption isotherms, it was demonstrated that the surface area of the resulted hybrid material was augmented. Raman spectrum of SiO2-GOQDs shows two distinct peaks at 1585 cm-1(G-peak) and 1372 cm-1 (D-peak) indicating presence ordered basal plane of graphene with aromatic sp2 domains, and disordered oxygen-containing structure. Covalent immobilization of GOQDs on aminosilica via such oxygen-containing fragments was proved by FTIR, MAS 13C MNR, and XPS spectroscopy. SiO2-GOQDs was used as a modifier of carbon paste electrode for differential pulse voltammetry determination of four environmental: sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, diethylstilbestrol (DES), and estriol (EST). The modified electrodes demonstrated an essential decrease in LOD for EST (220%) and DES (760%), which was explained by significant pi-pi stacking interaction between GOQDs and aromatic system of the analytes.
description: 29 pages, 3 tables, 15 figures
Graph-Based Convexification of Nested Signal Temporal Logic Constraints for Trajectory Optimization
Creators: name: Claudet, Thomas
name: Martire, Davide
name: Losa, Damiana
name: Sanfedino, Francesco
name: Alazard, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Optimizing high-level mission planning constraints is traditionally solved in exponential time and requires to split the problem into several ones, making the connections between them a convoluted task. This paper aims at generalizing recent works on the convexification of Signal Temporal Logic (STL) constraints converting them into linear approximations. Graphs are employed to build general linguistic semantics based on key words (such as Not, And, Or, Eventually, Always), and super-operators (e.g., Until, Implies, If and Only If) based on already defined ones. Numerical validations demonstrate the performance of the proposed approach on two practical use-cases of satellite optimal guidance using a modified Successive Convexification scheme.
QUALITY IMPROVEMENT AND SUSTAINABLE GROWTH IN JAPANESE AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Oniki, Shunji
name: Oniki, Shunji
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: International Development

description: As modern agricultural growth has been attained through increasing use of material input, it is discussed whether agricultural growth can be sustained in the long run within the limit of environmental tolerance. In order to investigate the possibility of growth, this study applies Aghion and Howitt's Schumpeterian growth model, and conducts empirical analyses using rice production panel data from eight regions in Japan for the period 1984 to 1999. Estimation of the translog cost function, which incorporates quality improvement effects, as well as the growth accounting estimation, reveals that the growth with quality improvement occurs, as the growth with increasing material input is stagnant. The quality-based innovation does not lead to increases in chemical input, implying the shift in innovation plays a key role in attaining sustainable development, which also explains a greater increase in pollution at the early stage of development and its slowing down. Sustainable growth can be attained through quality innovation even if environmental regulations are tightened.
49. Galactic rotation
Creators: name: Perryman, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Stars in the disk of our Galaxy rotate around its centre. Our Sun participates in this general motion, orbiting the Galaxy in about 250 million years. Much about our Galaxy's origin and dynamics relies on an understanding of the detailed form of its rotation. Many issues complicate its determination, which Gaia is advancing.
Aspects of the confinement mechanism in Coulomb-gauge QCD
Creators: name: Alkofer, R.
name: Kloker, M.
name: Krassnigg, A.
name: Wagenbrunn, R. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phenomenological consequences of the infrared singular, instantaneous part of the gluon propagator in Coulomb gauge are investigated. The corresponding quark Dyson-Schwinger equation is solved, neglecting retardation and transverse gluons and regulating the resulting infrared singularities. While the quark propagator vanishes as the infrared regulator goes to zero, the frequency integral over the quark propagator stays finite and well-defined. Solutions of the homogeneous Bethe-Salpeter equation for the pseudoscalar and vector mesons as well as for scalar and axial-vector diquarks are obtained. In the limit of a vanishing infrared regulator the diquark masses diverge, while meson properties and diquark radii remain finite and well-defined. These features are interpreted with respect to the resulting aspects of confinement for colored quark-quark correlations.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures
SC-X: CALIBRATING STATED CHOICE SURVEYS WITH EXPERIMENTAL AUCTION MARKETS
Creators: name: Alfnes, Frode
name: Rickertsen, Kyrre
name: Alfnes, Frode
name: Rickertsen, Kyrre
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Experimental auctions (X) use real economic incentives but are limited by available products and locally recruited samples. Stated choice (SC) surveys can use a representative sample to estimate the willingness to pay (WTP) for hypothetical products with unavailable characteristics. However, a number of studies conclude that surveys give biased WTP estimates. We designed a method, SC-X, to calibrate the WTP estimates from stated choice surveys with WTP observed in experimental auctions. This method allows us to extend the results from auctions to products with unavailable characteristics and to socioeconomic groups not included in the auction. The SC-X method is illustrated using Norwegian consumers' preferences for country-of-origin and hormone status for beef.
Additional file 1 of Comparison of intra-articular administration of adenosine, lidocaine and magnesium solution and tranexamic acid for alleviating postoperative inflammation and joint fibrosis in an experimental model of knee arthroplasty
Creators: name: Morris, Jodie L.
name: Letson, Hayley L.
name: McEwen, Peter
name: Biros, Erik
name: Dlaska, Constantin
name: Hazratwala, Kaushik
name: Wilkinson, Matthew
name: Dobson, Geoffrey P.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Postoperative ROTEM parameters.
Quasithermal GeV neutrinos from neutron-loaded magnetized outflows in core-collapse supernovae: spectra and light curves
Creators: name: Carpio, Jose Alonso
name: Ekanger, Nick
name: Bhattacharya, Mukul
name: Murase, Kohta
name: Horiuchi, Shunsaku
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rapidly rotating and strongly magnetized protoneutron stars (PNSs) created in core-collapse supernovae can drive relativistic magnetized winds. Ions and neutrons can be co-accelerated while they remain coupled through elastic collisions. We investigate the nucleosynthesis and subsequent nuclear disintegration, and find that relativistic neutrons can be generated in such magnetized winds. Upon eventual decoupling, resulting inelastic collisions with ejecta lead to pion production, resulting in $0.1-10\,{\rm GeV}$ neutrinos. Following this scenario presented in Murase, Dasgupta \& Thompson, Phys. Rev. D, 89, 043012 (2014), we numerically calculate the spectra and light curves of quasithermal neutrino emission. In the event of a Galactic supernova, $\sim 10-1000$ neutrino events could be detected with Hyper-Kamiokande, KM3Net-ORCA and IceCube-Upgrade for PNSs with surface magnetic field $B_{\rm dip}\sim 10^{13-15}\,{\rm G}$ and initial spin period $P_i \sim 1-30\,{\rm ms}$. Successful detection will enable us to study supernovae as multienergy neutrino sources and may provide clues to the roles of PNSs in diverse classes of transients.
description: 11 pages
Additional file 1 of Global transcriptomic responses orchestrate difenoconazole resistance in Penicillium spp. causing blue mold of stored apple fruit
Creators: name: Lichtner, Franz J.
name: Verneta L. Gaskins
name: Kerik D. Cox
name: Jurick, Wayne M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Penicillium spp. isolates growing on diagnostic media showing A. the top and B. bottom of the plates.
Training in the solid wood manufacturing industry : a comparison between interior British Columbia, Alberta and New Zealand
Creators: name: Campardo Tolnai, Jane
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This study examines training in solid wood manufacturing companies in Interior British Columbia, Alberta and New Zealand and determines the success of implementation at the sawmill site level. Information obtained in this study will be used to determine the degree of the company's investment and commitment to training; to determine the types of training programs for management and staff; and to define desired skills set that are required by the company. Two mail surveys were developed for the study. The population for the corporate survey consisted of 17 solid wood manufacturing companies having two or more sawmills while the sample for the site survey consisted of 53 sawmill sites. The response rate was high where 64% and 51% of the sample responded to the corporate and site surveys, respectively, in the three regions. Topics in the survey included training policies, corporate and site budgets, training programs, skills requirements, and training culture. Results of this study show that a majority of companies had informal training policies, training decisions were largely decentralized, and sites were committed to increasing their training budget for the year 1999, where about three-quarters was allocated to specific training. In addition, the companies invested in their in-house trainers and direct supervisors to train their employees and widely used teamwork, on-the-job training, cross training, and retraining programs to expand their employees' skills. This was backed by their immense use of employee performance measures and productivity reports to evaluate training. Although almost all companies strongly viewed training as an investment and encouraged employees to develop new knowledge, they did not have long-term plans to identify their skills needs. Time constraints and financial resources were seen as a major barrier to training their employees. Overall, corporate respondents were not significantly different from site respondents with respect to their attitudes and behaviors towards training. Most sawmill respondents said that site operations improved in the last three years as a result of training. In an effort to improve training within the company, about half of the respondents said they needed to do more effective succession planning, better link training needs to overall business strategies and develop more results-oriented evaluation measures.
EFFECTS OF EU DAIRY POLICY REFORM FOR DUTCH AGRICULTURE AND ECONOMY: APPLYING AN AGRICULTURAL PROGRAMMING/MIXED INPUT-OUTPUT MODEL
Creators: name: Helming, John F.M.
name: Peerlings, Jack H.M.
name: Helming, John F.M.
name: Peerlings, Jack H.M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: A modelling system is presented and used to analyse the effects of EU dairy policy reform (Agenda 2000 and milk quota abolition with and without decoupled direct income payments) on Dutch agriculture and economy. The modelling system consists of a regionalised, agri-environmental, partial equilibrium, mathematical programming model of agriculture supply in the Netherlands integrated into a mixed input-output model. It was e.g. found that decoupling of direct income payments gives an extra stimulus to milk production after milk quota abolition. However, the increase in milk production is restricted by nutrient and manure policies in the Netherlands. It is also found that, although the total effect on Dutch GDP is limited, the income effects for individual industries can be large. Moreover, economy wide effects for non-agricultural industries exceed changes for agriculture.
ARRIVE checklist
Creators: name: Githua, Kevin
name: Nguta, Joseph Mwanzia
name: Maitho, Timothy
name: Okumu, Mitchel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 110499 Complementary and Alternative Medicine not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Check list of the ARRIVE guidelines on the research of Catha edulis safety
Additional file 2 of Comparison of intra-articular administration of adenosine, lidocaine and magnesium solution and tranexamic acid for alleviating postoperative inflammation and joint fibrosis in an experimental model of knee arthroplasty
Creators: name: Morris, Jodie L.
name: Letson, Hayley L.
name: McEwen, Peter
name: Biros, Erik
name: Dlaska, Constantin
name: Hazratwala, Kaushik
name: Wilkinson, Matthew
name: Dobson, Geoffrey P.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Postoperative clinical, haematology and systemic inflammatory parameters.
Constructive Function Theory on Sets of the Complex Plane through Potential Theory and Geometric Function Theory
Creators: name: Andrievskii, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 30E10, Secondary 30C15, 31A15, 41A30

description: This is a survey of some recent results concerning polynomial inequalities and polynomial approximation of functions in the complex plane. The results are achieved by the application of methods and techniques of modern geometric function theory and potential theory.
STRATEGIES TO INCREASE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY AND REDUCE LAND DEGRADATION: EVIDENCE FROM UGANDA
Creators: name: Pender, John L.
name: Nkonya, Ephraim M.
name: Jagger, Pamela
name: Sserunkuuma, Dick
name: Ssali, Henry
name: Pender, John L.
name: Nkonya, Ephraim M.
name: Jagger, Pamela
name: Sserunkuuma, Dick
name: Ssali, Henry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Agricultural productivity
subject: land degradation
subject: agricultural development strategies
subject: Uganda
subject: farm size-productivity

description: This paper estimates a structural econometric model of household decisions regarding income strategies, participation in programs and organizations, crop choices, land management, and labor use, and their implications for agricultural production and land degradation; based upon a survey of over 450 households and their farm plots in Uganda. The results generally support the Boserupian model of population-induced agricultural intensification, but do not support the "more people-less erosion" hypothesis, with population pressure found to contribute to erosion in the densely populated highlands. Agricultural technical assistance programs have location-specific impacts on agricultural production and land degradation, contributing to higher value of crop production in the lowlands, but to soil erosion in the highlands. By contrast, NGO programs focusing on agriculture and environment are helping to reduce erosion, but have mixed impacts on production. We find little evidence of impact of access to markets, roads and credit, land tenure or title on agricultural intensification and crop production, though road access appears to contribute to land degradation in the highlands. Education increases household incomes, but also reduces crop production in the lowlands. We do not find evidence of a poverty-land degradation trap, while poverty has mixed impacts on agricultural production: smaller farms obtain higher crop production per hectare, while households with fewer livestock have crop production. These findings suggest that development of factor markets can improve agricultural efficiency. Several other factors that contribute to increased value of crop production, without significant impacts on land degradation, include specialized crop production, livestock and nonfarm income strategies, and irrigation. In general, the results imply that the strategies to increase agricultural production and reduce land degradation must be location-specific, and that there are few "win-win" opportunities to simultaneously increase production and reduce land degradation.