cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Management of Context-Sensitive Features: A Review of Strategies
Creators: name: Turney, Peter D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.6; I.5.2

description: In this paper, we review five heuristic strategies for handling context-sensitive features in supervised machine learning from examples. We discuss two methods for recovering lost (implicit) contextual information. We mention some evidence that hybrid strategies can have a synergetic effect. We then show how the work of several machine learning researchers fits into this framework. While we do not claim that these strategies exhaust the possibilities, it appears that the framework includes all of the techniques that can be found in the published literature on contextsensitive learning.
description: 7 pages
Systematically Localizable Operators for Quantum Simulations of Quantum Field Theories
Creators: name: Klco, Natalie
name: Savage, Martin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Correlations and measures of entanglement in ground state wavefunctions of relativistic quantum field theories are spatially localized over length scales set by the mass of the lightest particle. We utilize this localization to design digital quantum circuits for preparing the ground states of lattice scalar quantum field theories. Controlled rotations that are exponentially localized in their position-space extent are found to provide exponentially convergent wavefunction fidelity. These angles scale with the correlation between sites and the classical two-point correlation function, as opposed to the more localized mutual information or the hyper-localized negativity. We anticipate that further investigations will uncover quantum circuit designs with controlled rotations dictated by the measures of entanglement. This work is expected to impact quantum simulations of systems of importance to nuclear physics, high-energy physics, and basic energy sciences research.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures, 6 appendices
Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) longisetum Moubayed
Creators: name: Oyewo, Emmanuel Adeoye
name: Saether, Ole A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Chironomidae
Polypedilum
Polypedilum longisetum

description: Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) longisetum Moubayed
(Fig. 23)
 Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) longisetum Moubayed, 1992: 197.
 Material examined. LEBANON: Jib-Jannin, Litani River, holotype male, 16.v.1982, J. Moubayed (ZSM).
 Diagnostic characters. The male can be separated from other species with numerous setae on the wing membrane, uniformly colored abdomen, foretibial scale with spur, base of superior volsella bare and projection curved, by having the seta on the superior volsella projection placed close to base, inferior volsella apically clubbed, and wing cell m basal of RM with 40 macrotrichia. The species is very similar to P. (Pe.) scirpicola which, however, does not have a clubbed inferior volsella and more numerous setae basally on the wing.
 Male (n = 1)
Total length not measurable. Wing length / length of profemur 2.26. Thorax, abdomen, femur, tibia and tarsi brown.
 Head (Fig. 23B). AR 1.89. Ultimate flagellomere 645 µm. Temporal setae 11 including 5 inner verticals, 4 outer verticals, and 2 postorbitals. Clypeus with 20 setae. Palpomere lengths (in µm): 33, 57, palpomeres 3– 5 lacking.
 Thorax. Acrostichals 20, dorsocentrals 24, prealars not discernible. Scutellum with 7 setae.
 Wing (Fig. 23A). Anal lobe well developed. VR 1.13. Brachiolum with 3 setae, Sc with 20, R with 44, R 1 with 33, R 4+5 with 84, M with 6, RM with 4, M 1+2 with 57, M 3+4 with 32, Cu with 35, Cu 1 with 22, PCu with 29, An with 28 setae. Cell m basal of RM with 38 macrotrichia, cells r 4+5, m 1+2, m 3+4, and an plus cu each with more than 100 macrotrichia. Squama with 9 setae.
 Legs. Scale on foretibia (Fig. 23C) 31 µm long, with 14 µm long apical spur. Spurs on midtibia 60 µm long, on hind tibia 67 µm long. Comb on midtibia (Fig. 23D) 26 µm long, combs on hind tibia (Fig. 23E) 29 µm and 24 µm long. Width at apex of foretibia 65 µm, of midtibia 67 µm, of hind tibia 71 µm. Length and proportions of legs as in Table 27.
 Hypopygium (Figs 23E). Tergite IX with 14 median setae, laterosternite IX with 2 setae. Anal point 62 µm long, 7 µm wide at base, gradually tapering to nearly parallel-sided towards 4 µm wide apex. Transverse sternapodeme 64 µm long; phallapodeme 81 µm long. Gonocoxite 169 µm long. Superior volsella (Fig. 23F) 90 µm long, base bare with 3–5 inner base setae, projection nearly parallel-sided, with 1 lateral seta. Inferior volsella (Fig. 23G) 100 µm long, broad at mid section, with prominent apical seta. Gonostylus 157 µm long. HR 1.08.
 Distribution. Known only from Lebanon.
description: Published as part of Oyewo, Emmanuel Adeoye & Saether, Ole A., 2008, Revision of Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) Kieffer and Ainuyusurika Sasa et Shirasaki (Diptera: Chironomidae), pp. 1-145 in Zootaxa 1953 on page 74
First clear detection of the CCS Zeeman splitting toward the pre-stellar core, Taurus Molecular Cloud-1
Creators: name: Nakamura, Fumitaka
name: Kameno, Seiji
name: Kusune, Takayoshi
name: Mizuno, Izumi
name: Dobashi, Kazuhito
name: Shimoikura, Tomomi
name: Taniguchi, Kotomi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a first clear detection of the Zeeman splitting of a CCS emission line at 45 GHz toward a nearby prestellar dense filament, Taurus Molecular Cloud-1. We observed HC$_3$N non-Zeeman line simultaneously as the CCS line, and did not detect any significant splitting of HC$_3$N line. Thus, we conclude that our detection of the CCS Zeeman splitting is robust. The derived \textcolor{black}{line-of-sight} magnetic field strength is about 117 $\pm$ 21 $μ$G, which corresponds to the normalized mass-to-magnetic flux ratio of 2.2 if we adopt the inclination angle of 45$^\circ$. Thus, we conclude that the TMC-1 filament is magnetically supercritical. Recent radiative transfer calculations of CCS and HC$_3$N lines along the line of sight suggest that the filament is collapsing with a speed of $\sim$ 0.6 km s$^{-1}$, which is comparable to three times the isothermal sound speed. This infall velocity appears to be consistent with the evolution of a gravitationally-infalling core.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures, PASJ in press
Prescribing of hypnosedatives in seniors in ambulatory care in the Czech Republic: INOMED and EUROAGEISM project findings
Creators: name: Olena Antonenko, MSc., M.D. (1), Karolína Puldová, MSc. (1), Milada Halačová, PharmD, Ph.D. (1), Silvia Grešáková, MSc. (1), Jovana Brkic, MSc. (1), And Daniela Fialová, PharmD, Ph.D., Assoc. Prof. (1,2)
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Introduction: Among psychotropic drugs, particularly hypnotics are often used by ambulatory care seniors due to high prevalence of insomnia in higher age. This study focused on describing of prevalence of insomnia, hypnosedative drug use and inappropriate patterns of prescribing of hypnosedatives (nongeriatric doses, nongeriatric lenght of therapy) in ambulatory seniors in the Czech Republic. Our study is part of the project Inomed and the European project Euroageism H2020 (ESR7), which focus in general on individualization of drug regimens in older patients. Methods: There were 563 ambulatory geriatric patients (≥65 years), included in the study from 4 geriatric ambulances (regionally different sites) in the Czech Republic. All patients have been assessed using comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) as part of the EUROAGEISM H2020 study protocols. Prevalences of insomnia, hypnosedative drug use and use of drugs that may exacerbate insomnias were documented by descriptive statistics, as well as the prevalence of potentially inappropriate medications in older patients (using explicit criteria, mainly EU7-PIM list 2015). Results: 30.6 % (N=172) of ambulatory seniors suffered from insomnias and the majority of patients were treated pharmacologically (24.0 %), nonpharmacologic procedures were used rarely (0.5 %). Hypnosedatives in the evening or at night (e/n) were mostly prescribed in the age group of patients 84-94 years (42.8 %), most often these were Z-drugs (8.2 %), benzodiazepines (BZDs, 7.6 %), from „off-label“ hypnotics antipsychotics (17.8 %, ! 17 % of users > 6 months) and sedative antidepressants (9.2 %). In nongeriatric doses and nongeriatric duration of therapy (>4 weeks) there were most often prescribed Z-drugs (6.0 % and 2.7 %, respectively) and BZDs (2,7 % and 11 %, respectively). Conclusion: In ambulatory Czech seniors we documented that one third of patients suffered from insomnias and nonpharmacological treatment strategies were nearly not applied. Among nongeriatric procedures of hypnosedative drug use, there were identified particularly long-term use of antipsychotics, non-geriatric dosing of Z-drugs and long-term use of BZDs.
Measurement of the Ratio of Branching Fractions of the Upsilon(4S) to Charged and Neutral B Mesons
Creators: name: Athar, S. B.
name: Collaboration, CLEO
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ratio of charged and neutral B meson production at the Upsilon(4S), f_{+-}/f_{00}, is measured through the decays B bar -> D* l- nu_l bar, reconstructed using a partial reconstruction method where the D* is detected only through a pion daughter from the decay D* -> D pi. Using data collected by the CLEO II detector, the charged and neutral B decays are measured in such a way that their ratio is independent of decay model, limited mainly by the uncertainty in the relative efficiency for detecting neutral and charged pions. This measurement yields the ratio of production fractions times the ratio of semileptonic branching fractions, f_{+-}b_{+}/f_{00}b_0. Assuming that b_+/b_0 is equal to the lifetime ratio tau_+/tau_0 and using the world average value of tau_+/tau_0 as input, we obtain f_{+-}/f_{00}=1.058+- 0.084+- 0.136.
description: 18 pages postscript, also available through http://w4.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLNS, submitted to PRL
Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) mellense Oyewo & Saether 2008, comb. n.
Creators: name: Oyewo, Emmanuel Adeoye
name: Saether, Ole A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Chironomidae
Polypedilum
Polypedilum mellense

description: Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) mellense (Goetghebuer) comb. n.
(Fig. 15D)
 Pentapedilum mellense Goetghebuer, 1942: 7.
 Material examined. BELGIUM: East Flanders, Melle, holotype male, 6.v.1942, M. Goetghebuer (IRSN).
 Diagnostic characters. Among species with numerous setae on the wing membrane, uniformly colored abdomen, foretibial scale without spur, base of superior volsella without microtrichia, and base of superior volsella with 5 inner setae, the species can be distinguished by having inferior volsella with 2 apical setae and projection of the superior volsella with 2 lateral seta placed in apical half. P. (Pe.) pseudosordens and to some extent P. (Pe.) kasumiense have a superior volsella with two lateral setae, but these species differ in most other details.
 Male (n = 1)
 Holotype (slide) damaged. Thorax and abdominal segments dark brown. Wing lost. AR 1.5, LR 1 1.9. Projection of superior volsella (Fig. 15E) strongly curved with 2 lateral setae, base with 5 inner setae as opposed to the 3 inner setae indicated by Goetghebuer (1942). Inferior volsella parallel-sided, with 2 long apical setae. Anal point tapering to parallel-sided.
 Distribution. Known only from Melle, Belgium.
description: Published as part of Oyewo, Emmanuel Adeoye & Saether, Ole A., 2008, Revision of Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) Kieffer and Ainuyusurika Sasa et Shirasaki (Diptera: Chironomidae), pp. 1-145 in Zootaxa 1953 on page 76
Measurement of the Charm structure Function F2c of the Photon at LEP
Creators: name: The OPAL Collaboration
name: Abbiendi, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The production of charm quarks is studied in deep-inelastic electron-photon scattering using data recorded by the OPAL detector at LEP at normal e+e- centre-of-mass energies from 183 to 209 GeV. The charm quarks have been identified by full reconstruction of charged D* mesons using their decays into D0pi with the D0 observed in two decay modes with charged particle final states, Kpi and K3pi. The cross-section sigma(D*) for production of charged D* in the reaction e+e- -> e+e-D*X is measured in a restricted kinematical region using two bins in Bjorken x, 0.0014 < x < 0.1 and 0.1 < x < 0.87. From sigma(D*) the charm production cross-section sigma(e+e- -> e+e- ccbar X) and the charm structure function of the photon F 2,c are determined in the region 0.0014 < x < 0.87 and 5 < Q2 < 100 GeV2. For x > 0.1 the perturbative QCD calculation at next-to-leading order agrees perfectly with the measured cross-section. For x < 0.1 the measured cross-section is 43.8 +- 14.3 +- 6.3 +- 2.8 pb with a next-to-leading order prediction of 17.0+2.9-2.3 p.b
description: 18 pages, 4 figures
MOESM2 of Genome-wide identification and analyses of the AHL gene family in cotton (Gossypium)
Creators: name: Zhao, Lanjie
name: LÃ¼, Youjun
name: Chen, Wei
name: Yao, Jinbo
name: Li, Yan
name: Li, Qiulin
name: Pan, Jingwen
name: Fang, Shengtao
name: Sun, Jie
name: Zhang, Yongshan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 2. - Information of AHLs in G. hirsutum. a Molecular weight of the amino acid sequence, b Isoelectric point
MOESM4 of Infective endocarditis according to type 2 diabetes mellitus status: an observational study in Spain, 2001–2015
Creators: name: Miguel-Yanes, José
name: Jiménez-García, Rodrigo
name: Hernández-Barrera, Valentín
name: Miguel-Díez, Javier
name: Méndez-Bailón, Manuel
name: Muñoz-Rivas, Nuria
name: Napoleón Pérez-Farinós
name: López-De-Andrés, Ana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4: Table S3. Baseline conditions by study periods among those patients suffering infective endocarditis with concomitant Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Proposal for a new quantum theory of gravity III: Equations for quantum gravity, and the origin of spontaneous localisation
Creators: name: Maithresh, Palemkota
name: Singh, Tejinder P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new, falsifiable, quantum theory of gravity, which we name Non-commutative Matter-Gravity. The commutative limit of the theory is classical general relativity. In the first two papers of this series, we have introduced the concept of an atom of space-time-matter [STM], which is described by the spectral action in non-commutative geometry, corresponding to a classical theory of gravity. We used the Connes time parameter, along with the spectral action, to incorporate gravity into trace dynamics. We then derived the spectral equation of motion for the gravity part of the STM atom, which turns out to be the Dirac equation on a non-commutative space. In the present work, we propose how to include the matter (fermionic) part and give a simple action principle for the STM atom. This leads to the equations for a quantum theory of gravity, and also to an explanation for the origin of spontaneous localisation from quantum gravity. We use spontaneous localisation to arrive at the action for classical general relativity [including matter sources] from the action for STM atoms.
description: v1: 25 pages (this paper is a follow-up of arXiv:1903.05402v2 and arXiv:1906.08248v3). This version v2: minor changes, references updated, to appear in Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung A
title: Aktivierung des TGFβ-Signalwegs in murinen Nierenepithelzellen mit Loss-of-Function-Mutation im Gen für das ziliäre Protein Arl13b
Creators: name: Nedoschill, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
Year: 2025

description: Primäre Zilien sind hochkonservierte Zellorganellen, die auf einem Großteil der Zellen des menschlichen Körpers vorhanden sind. Sie sind an der physiologischen Funktion einer Vielzahl an Signalwegen beteiligt und spielen eine wichtige Rolle in der Homöostase und Entwicklung von Geweben. Mutationen in Genen, deren Genprodukte am Aufbau ziliärer Strukturen beteiligt sind, können Erkrankungen verursachen, die als Ziliopathien bezeichnet werden. Mutationen im Gen ARL13B können Auslöser für die Entstehung der Ziliopathie Joubert-Syndrom sein. Das Joubert-Syndrom ist eine seltene monogenetische Multisystemerkrankung mit angeborenen Fehlbildungen des Hirnstamms und einer Hypoplasie des Kleinhirnwurms. Patient*innen können, je nach auslösender Mutation, Funktionsstörungen verschiedener Organsysteme aufweisen. Pathognomonisch in der neuroradiologischen Diagnostik ist das sogenannte Backenzahnzeichen in der Magnetreso-nanztomographie, das durch die Hypoplasie des Kleinhirnwurms und Fehlbildungen des Rhombencephalon und des Mesencephalons entsteht. Eine kausale Therapie ist bis heute nicht verfügbar. Im Mausmodell mit nierenspezifischem Arl13b-Knockout entstehen zystische Nieren und Fibrose. Verschiedene Signalwege sind fehlreguliert. Da im murinen Modell pleiotrope Effekte durch Krankheitsprogression und Zell-Zell-Kommunikation auftreten, wurden in der vorliegenden Arbeit molekulare Veränderungen nach Loss-of-Function-Mutation von Arl13b auf der Ebene kultivierter Zellen untersucht, um die direkten Folgen der Mutation ohne den Einfluss der Krankheitsprogression zu analysieren. Das Transkriptom muriner Nierenepithelzellen mit Arl13b-Frameshift-Mutation wurde durch RNA-Sequenzierung der nächsten Generation untersucht. Murine Nierenepithelzellen wurden anschließend zusammen mit Wildtyp Fibroblasten kultiviert, um den Einfluss von Zell-Zell-Kommunikation zu untersuchen. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass in den Epithelzellen mit Arl13b-Mutation der TGFβ Signalweg, im Vergleich zu Epithelzellen ohne Mutation, verstärkt aktiviert ist. Die Expression der mRNA der TGFβ-Signalmoleküle Smad-2 und Smad-3 ist in Knock-out-Nierenepithelzellen verstärkt. Fibroblasten, die mit Arl13b-Knockout-Epithelzellen kultiviert wurden, wiesen erhöhte mRNA-Expression von Bestandteilen extrazellulärer Matrix auf. Der TGFβ Signalweg ist an der Regulation von Zellproliferation, Differenzierung und Apoptose beteiligt. Verstärkte Aktivierung des TGFβ-Signalweges führt in verschiedenen Modellsystemen zu fibrotischen Prozessen. Smad-Proteine induzieren dabei als Transkriptionsfaktoren die Transkription pro-fibrotischer Gene. Epithelzellen mit Loss-of-Function-Mutation von Arl13b waren in einem pro-fibrotischen Zustand und induzierten in mesenchymalen Zellen die Produktion extrazellulärer Matrix.
Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) paraconvexum Zhang et Wang
Creators: name: Oyewo, Emmanuel Adeoye
name: Saether, Ole A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Chironomidae
Polypedilum
Polypedilum paraconvexum

description: Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) paraconvexum Zhang et Wang
(Figs 28A–B)
 Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) paraconvexum Zhang et Wang, 2005: 4.
 Material examined. CHINA: Tibet, Xiachayu County, Dongqiong, 1700 m a.s.l., holotype male, 24.v.1988, light trap, C. Deng (NU No. 05161).
 Diagnostic characters. The broad anal point (convexum group) combined with the vestigial projection of the superior volsella separate the species from all other species of the subgenus.
 Male (n = 1)
Total length 2.65 mm. Wing length 1.77 mm. Total length / wing length 1.50. Wing length / length of profemur 2.21. Thorax yellowish brown with dark brown postnotum, vittae and preepisternum; abdomen yellowish brown; femur, tibia and tarsi brown.
 Head. AR 1.04. Ultimate flagellomere 503 µm long. Temporal setae 10 including 3 inner verticals, 5 outer verticals, and 2 postorbitals. Clypeus with 22 setae. Tentorium 137 µm long, 7 µm wide at posterior tentorial pit. Palpomere lengths (in µm): 34, 42, 112, 128, 221. Fifth palpomere / third palpomere 1.98.
 Thorax. Acrostichals 13, dorsocentrals 13, prealars 4. Scutellum with 7 setae.
 Wing. Anal lobe moderately reduced. VR 1.21. Brachiolum with 2 seta, Sc with 6, R with 35, R 1 with 23, R 4+5 with 64, M with 11, RM with 2, M 1+2 with 63, M 3+4 with 38, Cu with 26, Cu 1 with 18, PCu with 48, An with 33 setae. Cells with more than 100 macrotrichia. Squama with 6 setae.
 Legs. Scale on foretibia including spur 49 µm long. Spurs on midtibia 75 µm long, on hind tibia 77 µm long. Comb on midtibia 26 µm long, combs on hind tibia 28 µm and 23 µm long. Width at apex of foretibia 47 µm, of midtibia 49 µm, of hind tibia 54 µm. Length and proportions of legs as in Table 33.
 Hypopygium (Fig. 28A). Tergite IX with 12 median setae, laterosternite IX with 2 setae. Anal point 39 µm long, 68 µm wide at base, 47 µm wide at apex. Transverse sternapodeme 44 µm long; phallapodeme 96 µm long. Gonocoxite 151 µm long. Superior volsella (Fig. 28B) 29 µm long, base with microtrichia and 5 inner setae, projection with 1 long apical seta. Inferior volsella 91 µm long, parallel-sided, with 1 prominent apical seta. Gonostylus 121 µm long. HR 1.25; HV 2.19.
 Distribution. Known only from Tibet, China.
description: Published as part of Oyewo, Emmanuel Adeoye & Saether, Ole A., 2008, Revision of Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) Kieffer and Ainuyusurika Sasa et Shirasaki (Diptera: Chironomidae), pp. 1-145 in Zootaxa 1953 on page 87
Multiple scattering production of lepton-pairs in ultraperipheral heavy-ion collisions
Creators: name: Karadağ, Sevgi
name: Güçlü, Mehmet Cem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultra-relativistic peripheral collisions of heavy ions at LHC can produce copies of numbers of lepton pairs via the two-photon process. Since the energy of the heavy ions is so high, multi-pair production cross-sections of the light leptons especially electrons are quite large so that it is possible to measure them experimentally. To calculate the multi-pair production probabilities, first, we should have an impact parameter dependence cross-section. We have obtained a well-behaved impact parameter dependence cross-section and by using the Monte-Carlo methods, we have calculated multi-pair production cross-sections of electrons and muons in Pb-Pb heavy-ion collisions at LHC energies. We have also used some experimental restrictions in our calculation to compare our findings with the experimental results.
description: 8 pages, 12 figures
Relation between Anderson- and Invariant Imbedding Models for Transport in Finite Chains and Study of Phase- and Delay Time Distributions for Strong Disorder
Creators: name: Heinrichs, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The invariant imbedding evolution equations for the amplitude reflection and transmission coefficients of a disordered 1D chain are shown to follow from the continuum limit, for weak disorder, of recursion relations between reflection (transmission) coefficients of Anderson chains of N and N-1 atoms embedded in infinite non-disordered chains. We show that various available analytical and numerical results for reflection phase distributions in the Anderson- and invariant imbedding models are in good qualitative agreement, as expected from the above equivalence of these models. We also discuss the distribution of reflection phases and of reflection delay times for an Anderson model with a simple distribution of on-site potentials characterizing extreme strong disorder.
description: 6 pages, RevTex
The Identification of Context-Sensitive Features: A Formal Definition of Context for Concept Learning
Creators: name: Turney, Peter D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.6; I.5.2

description: A large body of research in machine learning is concerned with supervised learning from examples. The examples are typically represented as vectors in a multi-dimensional feature space (also known as attribute-value descriptions). A teacher partitions a set of training examples into a finite number of classes. The task of the learning algorithm is to induce a concept from the training examples. In this paper, we formally distinguish three types of features: primary, contextual, and irrelevant features. We also formally define what it means for one feature to be context-sensitive to another feature. Context-sensitive features complicate the task of the learner and potentially impair the learner's performance. Our formal definitions make it possible for a learner to automatically identify context-sensitive features. After context-sensitive features have been identified, there are several strategies that the learner can employ for managing the features; however, a discussion of these strategies is outside of the scope of this paper. The formal definitions presented here correct a flaw in previously proposed definitions. We discuss the relationship between our work and a formal definition of relevance.
description: 7 pages
Scalings Pertaining to Current Sheet Disruption Mediated by the Plasmoid Instability
Creators: name: Huang, Yi-Min
name: Comisso, Luca
name: Bhattacharjee, Amitava
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analytic scaling relations are derived for a phenomenological model of the plasmoid instability in an evolving current sheet, including the effects of reconnection outflow. Two scenarios are considered, where the plasmoid instability can be triggered either by an injected initial perturbation or by the natural noise of the system (here referred to as the system noise). The two scenarios lead to different scaling relations because the initial noise decays when the linear growth of the plasmoid instability is not sufficiently fast to overcome the advection loss caused by the reconnection outflow, whereas the system noise represents the lowest level of fluctuations in the system. The leading order approximation for the current sheet width at disruption takes the form of a power-law multiplied by a logarithmic factor, and from that, the scaling relations for the wavenumber and the linear growth rate of the dominant mode are obtained. When the effects of the outflow are neglected, the scaling relations agree, up to the leading order approximation, with previously derived scaling relations based on a principle of least time. The analytic scaling relations are validated with numerical solutions of the model.
description: Accepted for publication in Physics of Plasmas
Introducing socioeconomic characteristics into production analysis under risk
Creators: name: Feinerman, Eli
name: Finkelshtain, Israel
name: Feinerman, Eli
name: Finkelshtain, Israel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: Productivity Analysis
Risk and Uncertainty

description: A theoretical framework is developed to study the effects of socioeconomic factors on farmers' risk attitudes and production decisions. No maintained assumptions about the individual's utility are required. A key element in this framework is the categorization of socioeconomic factors by their effect on the farmer's risk attitudes. A simple methodology for this categorization, based on the equivalence between the Arrow-Pratt measure of risk aversion and the probability of winning demanded, is proposed. The latter is illustrated with data collected in a survey of 180 Israeli farmers from 20 villages.
MOESM3 of Genome-wide identification and analyses of the AHL gene family in cotton (Gossypium)
Creators: name: Zhao, Lanjie
name: LÃ¼, Youjun
name: Chen, Wei
name: Yao, Jinbo
name: Li, Yan
name: Li, Qiulin
name: Pan, Jingwen
name: Fang, Shengtao
name: Sun, Jie
name: Zhang, Yongshan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 3. - The orthologous relationship and type of AHL proteins in V. vinifera, T. cacao, A.thaliana and G. raimondii. The forms in pink indicated the Type-I AHL genes, those in yellow indicated the Type-III AHL genes and those in blue indicated the Type-II AHL genes. The lines repented the loss of orthologous gene
Measurement of the photon-proton total cross section at a center-of-mass energy of 209 GeV at HERA
Creators: name: ZEUS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The photon-proton total cross section has been measured in the process e+ p -> e+ gamma p -> e+ X with the ZEUS detector at HERA. Events were collected with photon virtuality Q^2 < 0.02 GeV^2 and average gamma-p center-of-mass energy W_{gamma p} = 209 GeV in a dedicated run, designed to control systematic effects, with an integrated luminosity of 49 nb^{-1}. The measured total cross section is sigma_{tot}^{gamma p} = 174 +- 1 (stat.) +- 13 (syst.) microbarns. The energy dependence of the cross section is compatible with parameterizations of high-energy p-p and p-pbar data.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures, accepted by Nuclear Physics B
The Broad-lined Ic Supernova ZTF18aaqjovh (SN 2018bvw): An Optically-discovered Engine-driven Supernova Candidate with Luminous Radio Emission
Creators: name: Ho, Anna Y. Q.
name: Corsi, Alessandra
name: Cenko, S. Bradley
name: Taddia, Francesco
name: Kulkarni, S. R.
name: Adams, Scott
name: De, Kishalay
name: Dekany, Richard
name: Frederiks, Dmitry D.
name: Fremling, Christoffer
name: Golkhou, V. Zach
name: Kupfer, Thomas
name: Laher, Russ R.
name: Mahabal, Ashish
name: Masci, Frank J.
name: Miller, Adam A.
name: Neill, James D.
name: Reiley, Daniel
name: Riddle, Reed
name: Ridnaia, Anna
name: Rusholme, Ben
name: Sharma, Yashvi
name: Sollerman, Jesper
name: Soumagnac, Maayane T.
name: Svinkin, Dmitry S.
name: Shupe, David L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present ZTF18aaqjovh (SN 2018bvw), a high-velocity ("broad-lined") stripped-envelope (Type Ic) supernova (Ic-BL SN) discovered in the Zwicky Transient Facility one-day cadence survey. ZTF18aaqjovh shares a number of features in common with engine-driven explosions: the photospheric velocity and the shape of the optical light curve are very similar to that of the Type Ic-BL SN 1998bw, which was associated with a low-luminosity gamma-ray burst (LLGRB) and had relativistic ejecta. However, the radio luminosity of ZTF18aaqjovh is almost two orders of magnitude fainter than that of SN 1998bw at the same velocity phase, and the shock velocity is at most mildly relativistic (v=0.06-0.4c). A search of high-energy catalogs reveals no compelling GRB counterpart to ZTF18aaqjovh, and the limit on the prompt GRB luminosity of $L_{γ,\mathrm{iso}} \approx 1.6 \times 10^{48}$ erg/sec excludes a classical GRB but not an LLGRB. Altogether, ZTF18aaqjovh represents another transition event between engine-driven SNe associated with GRBs and "ordinary" Ic-BL SNe.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures. Accepted to the Astrophysical Journal on 2 March 2020. Revised from proofs on 4 Apr 2020
Economic impacts of East Coast Fever immunization on smallholder farms, Kenya: a simulation analysis
Creators: name: Nyangito, Hezron O.
name: Richardson, James W.
name: Mundy, Darrell S.
name: Mukhebi, Adrian W.
name: Zimmel, Peter
name: Namken, Jerry
name: Nyangito, Hezron O.
name: Richardson, James W.
name: Mundy, Darrell S.
name: Mukhebi, Adrian W.
name: Zimmel, Peter
name: Namken, Jerry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Productivity Analysis

description: A whole farm simulation model, Technology Impact Evaluation System (TIES), was used to assess ex-ante financial and economic impacts of immunization of dairy cattle against East Coast Fever (ECF) by the infection and treatment method (ITM) on smallholder farms from two sites in Kenya. Four alternative strategies of immunization in combination with different levels of acaricide use were compared with the current acaricide-based method of control. The economic impacts were estimated using simulated net present values, present values of ending net worth, internal rates of return, benefit-cost ratios, annual cash farm incomes, cash expenses, and net farm incomes. The results from the analysis indicate that ECF immunization strategies are financially and economically viable on smallholder farms. Based on the risk preference for risk averse producers, the most preferred strategy was to adopt ITM in combination with a 75% reduction in acaricide use. The results obtained provide a good indication of the relative orders of magnitude of the farm level financial and economic effects of ECF immunization by ITM. The whole farm simulation model used for the analysis has the advantage of incorporating the risks involved in farm production. Whole farm simulation offers a flexible method for assessing the financial and economic impacts of alternative disease control methods on smallholder farms.
The impact of floods on the adoption rate of high-yielding rice varieties in Bangladesh
Creators: name: Azman, Jean-Paul
name: Azman, Jean-Paul
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Production Economics

description: This paper analyses econometrically the impact of floods on the rate of adoption of high-yielding varieties (HYVs) of rice in Bangladesh. It uses a small model combining a modified logistic adoption function with a model of the process generating expectations errors by the farmers which encompasses most other expectation hypotheses. Using pooled cross-section and time-series data at the district level, the econometric results show a significant negative impact of expected flood damage on the HYV adoption rate of 'aman' rice. Moreover, it is shown that the adoption of HYV 'boro' rice is governed by essentially the same equation.
Decay-mode independent searches for new scalar bosons with the OPAL detector at LEP
Creators: name: The OPAL Collaboration
name: Abbiendi, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper describes topological searches for neutral scalar bosons S0 produced in association with a Z0 boson via the Bjorken process e+e- -> S0Z0 at centre-of-mass energies of 91 GeV and 183-209 GeV. These searches are based on studies of the recoil mass spectrum of Z0 -> e+e- and mu+mu- events on a search for S0Z0 with Z0 -> nunu bar and S0 -> e+e- or photons. They cover the decays of the S0 into an arbitrary combination of hadrons, leptons, photons and invisible particles as well as the possibility that it might be stable. No indication for a signal is found in the data and upper limits on the cross section of the Bjorken process are calculated. Cross-section limits are given in terms of a scale factor k with respect to the Standrad Model cross section for the Higgs-strahlung process e+e- -> H0smZ0. These results can be interpreted in general scenarios independently of the decay modes of the S0. The examples considered here are the production of a single new scalar particle with a decay width smaller than the detector mass resolution, and for the first time, two scenarios with continuous mass distributions, due to a single very broad state or several states close in mass.
description: 36 pages, 14 figures
Efficient income redistribution for a small country using optimal combined instruments
Creators: name: Salhofer, K.
name: Salhofer, K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: In this paper I improve Gardner's surplus transformation curve framework by assuming that governments are able to vary many policy instruments simultaneously instead of only one. I use my framework to find the combination of the currently used instruments which provides the most efficient income redistribution for the Austrian bread grains market. Comparing the most efficient policy with the actual policy reveals that 464 X 106 Austrian shillings were wasted. I theoretically compare for a small country the transfer efficiency of every possible pair of the four major agricultural policy instruments: floor price, (production) quota, co-responsibility levy, and deficiency payments. Without considering the marginal cost of public funds (MCF), deficiency payments cum quota (equal to a fully decoupled direct income support) is the most efficient policy, succeeded by floor price cum quota, and floor price cum deficiency payments. If the MCF is taken into account, the ranking crucially depends on the market parameters, the transfer level, and the value of the MCF. For the Austrian bread grains market, I empirically demonstrate that given the present support level, a fully decoupled direct income support redistributes income most efficiently as long as the MCF is lower than 1.17. Beyond this value a floor price cum quota policy becomes more efficient. A floor price cum deficiency payments policy is never superior to the floor price cum quota.
Charge profile of surface doped C60
Creators: name: Wehrli, Samuel
name: Poilblanc, Didier
name: Rice, T. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the charge profile of a C60-FET (field effect transistor) as used in the experiments of Schoen, Kloc and Batlogg. Using a tight-binding model, we calculate the charge profile treating the Coulomb interaction in a mean-field approximation. The charge profile behaves similarly to the case of a continuous space-charge layer, in particular it is confined to a single interface layer for doping higher than ~0.3 electron (or hole) per C60 molecule. The morahedral disorder of the C60 molecules smoothens the structure in the density of states.
description: 6 pages, 9 figures
A Threshold-Based Analysis of Bipartisanship in Crime and Law Legislation in the United States Senate (1989-2018)
Creators: name: Burniston, Mary Margaret
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Bipartisanship
subject: Crime
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Legislation
subject: U.S.
subject: Senate
subject: Network Analysis
subject: Moral Foundations Theory
subject: Issue Ownership
subject: Polarization
subject: Criminal Justice
subject: Cosponsorship
subject: Sponsorship
subject: Moral Psychology
subject: Social Contagion Theory

description: As affective polarization rises in the United States, much scholarly work is devoted to gridlock and hyper-partisanship. In this thesis, I examine whether the issue of crime and law legislation has been impacted by rising polarization, or if it has been able to maintain a degree of bipartisanship. With the use of data on 432 crime and law bills considered from 1989 to 2018, I analyze the concept of issue ownership over crime and law legislation, create 18 different subcategories within the crime and law category, and conduct four network analyses which examine the role of thresholds in facilitating bipartisan collaboration. In doing so, I create several new variables, including Cosponsorship Partisan Difference (CPD) and Sponsorship Partisan Difference (SPD) in order to conceptualize degrees of hyper-partisanship and bipartisanship. I make several key findings, including that CPD is a critical factor which sets apart the most successful sessions and bills, and that individual senators skilled in bipartisan collaboration serve as crucial actors in the most successful session networks.
Deformed commutators on quantum group module-algebras
Creators: name: Garcia, A. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 16W30; 16W10; 17D99

description: We construct quantum commutators on module-algebras of quasi-triangular Hopf algebras. These are quantum-group covariant, and have generalized antisymmetry and Leibniz properties. If the Hopf algebra is triangular they additionally satisfy a generalized Jacobi identity, turning the module-algebra into a quantum-Lie algebra.
description: LaTeX 2e (uses AMS styles), 10 pages, no figures
MOESM5 of Infective endocarditis according to type 2 diabetes mellitus status: an observational study in Spain, 2001–2015
Creators: name: Miguel-Yanes, José
name: Jiménez-García, Rodrigo
name: Hernández-Barrera, Valentín
name: Miguel-Díez, Javier
name: Méndez-Bailón, Manuel
name: Muñoz-Rivas, Nuria
name: Napoleón Pérez-Farinós
name: López-De-Andrés, Ana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5: Table S4. Baseline conditions by study periods among those patients suffering infective endocarditis without concomitant Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Low Size-Complexity Inductive Logic Programming: The East-West Challenge Considered as a Problem in Cost-Sensitive Classification
Creators: name: Turney, Peter D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.6; I.2.8

description: The Inductive Logic Programming community has considered proof-complexity and model-complexity, but, until recently, size-complexity has received little attention. Recently a challenge was issued "to the international computing community" to discover low size-complexity Prolog programs for classifying trains. The challenge was based on a problem first proposed by Ryszard Michalski, 20 years ago. We interpreted the challenge as a problem in cost-sensitive classification and we applied a recently developed cost-sensitive classifier to the competition. Our algorithm was relatively successful (we won a prize). This paper presents our algorithm and analyzes the results of the competition.
description: 17 pages
Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) reei Oyewo & Saether 2008, sp. n
Creators: name: Oyewo, Emmanuel Adeoye
name: Saether, Ole A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Chironomidae
Polypedilum
Polypedilum reei

description: Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) reei sp. n
(Figs 28D–G)
 Type material. SOUTH KOREA: Kyongpo Province, Kangnung, holotype male, 3.vi.1998, H. I. Ree (KYU No. CH 1514).
 Diagnostic characters. Among species with less than 100 setae in cell m 1+2, foretibial scale without spur, and base of superior volsella with microtrichia, the species is distinguished by having the inferior volsella apically bifurcate and base of superior volsella with 2–3 inner setae.
 Etymology. Named after Prof. H. I. Ree, College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea, who made the specimen available.
 Male (n = 1)
Total length not measurable. Wing length 1.62 mm. Wing length / length of profemur 2.18. Thorax, abdomen, femur, tibia and tarsi brown.
 Head. AR 1.48. Ultimate flagellomere 612 µm long Temporal setae 9 including 4 inner verticals, 4 outer verticals, and 1 postorbitals. Clypeus with 25 setae. Tentorium 117 µm long, 3 µm wide at posterior tentorial pit. Palpomere lengths (in µm): 38, 39, 106, 110, 183. Fifth palpomere / third palpomere 1.72.
 Thorax. Acrostichals 14, dorsocentrals 16, prealars not discernible. Scutellum not discernible.
 Wing (Fig. 28D). Anal lobe moderately developed. VR 1.36. Brachiolum with 2 setae, Sc with 13, R with 27, R 1 with 19, R 4+5 with 37, M with 6, RM with 3, M 1+2 with 40, M 3+4 with 30, Cu with 22, Cu 1 with 12, PCu with 30, An with 0 setae. Cell m basal of RM bare, cells r 4+5 with more than 100, m 1+2, with about 90, m 3+4, and an plus cu with not more than 50 macrotrichia. Squama with 4 setae.
 Legs. Scale on foretibia (Fig. 28E) 37 µm long, triangular, without apical spur. Spur on midtibia (Fig. 28F) 64 µm long, on hind tibia 66 µm long. Comb on midtibia 23 µm long, combs on hind tibia 21 µm and 16 µm long. Width at apex of foretibia 41 µm, of midtibia 45 µm, of hind tibia 49 µm. Length and proportions of legs as in Table 36.
 Hypopygium (Fig. 28G). Tergite IX with 8 median setae, laterosternite IX with 4 setae. Anal point 50 µm long, 11 µm wide at base, nearly parallel-sided towards 8 µm wide rounded apex. Anal tergite band weakly fused. Transverse sternapodeme 44 µm long; phallapodeme 48 µm long. Gonocoxite 128 µm long. Superior volsella 57 µm long, base with some microtrichia and 2–3 inner setae, projection with 1 lateral seta. Inferior volsella 89 µm long, nearly parallel-sided with prominent apical seta. Gonostylus 152 µm long. HR 0.84.
 Distribution. Known only from the holotype from South Korea.
description: Published as part of Oyewo, Emmanuel Adeoye & Saether, Ole A., 2008, Revision of Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) Kieffer and Ainuyusurika Sasa et Shirasaki (Diptera: Chironomidae), pp. 1-145 in Zootaxa 1953 on pages 90-91