cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Underdeveloped Spot Markets and Futures Trading: The Soya Oil Exchange in India
Creators: name: Ramaswami, Bharat
name: Singh, Jatinder
name: Ramaswami, Bharat
name: Singh, Jatinder
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: basis
subject: hedging
subject: futures market
subject: spot markets
subject: soya oil

description: Abstract The limited presence of futures exchanges in developing countries where commodity markets fall short of the ideal underscore the importance of understanding the relation between spot and futures markets. The paper examines the exceptional success of the soya oil contract at the National Board of Trade (NBOT) in India. The paper asks whether the NBOT contract exhibits the fundamental features of mature futures markets in terms of its use by hedgers. If the market offers arbitrage opportunities to hedgers and if such activity is significant, then the activities of commercial firms should affect the returns to their hedging portfolio i.e., change in basis. This insight is developed into an examination of the impact of soya oil imports on the basis. Despite the lack of key market institutions such as certified warehouses and centralized spot prices, the NBOT contract compares well with mature exchanges. Soya oil imports exercise a significant impact on the basis and provide enough short-term volatility to make the contract attractive to both hedgers and speculators.
Laryngeal kinematics in vocal hyperfunction (Weerathunge et al., 2025)
Creators: name: Weerathunge, Hasini R.
name: Vojtech, Jenny
name: Dunsmuir, Courtney J.
name: Cocroft, Sarah J.
name: Díaz-Cádiz, Manuel E.
name: McKenna, Victoria
name: E. Stepp, Cara
Publisher: name: ASHA journals
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 420703
subject: Motor control
classificationCode: 470101
subject: Communication studies
classificationCode: 320217
subject: Otorhinolaryngology

description: Purpose: High-speed videoendoscopy was used to investigate how underlying laryngeal motor control strategies differ in individuals with and without hyperfunctional voice disorders (HVDs). Three laryngeal kinematic measures were defined to characterize laryngeal motor control: kinematic stiffness, spatiotemporal index, and asymmetry index.Method: Twenty-eight adults with HVDs and 28 age- and sex-matched controls produced repeated utterances of /ifi/ at three different gesture rates (50, 65, and 80 beats per minute) and three self-induced vocal effort levels (mild, moderate, and maximum effort) to elicit a range of linguistic contexts for the vocal targets produced. The glottal angle profiles of /ifi/ productions were extracted to calculate three kinematic measures of laryngeal motor control: kinematic stiffness (estimating laryngeal muscle tension), spatiotemporal index (estimating production variability), and asymmetry index (estimating movement asymmetry).Results: Individuals with HVDs exhibited statistically significantly higher kinematic stiffness during varying effort levels and higher spatiotemporal indices and asymmetry indices compared to controls, indicating higher laryngeal muscle tension, production variability, and movement asymmetry, respectively.Conclusion: Laryngeal kinematics suggest differing underlying motor control strategies in individuals with HVD relative to controls, which may inform better understanding of the etiology of HVDs.Supplemental Material S1. Experimental fidelity.Weerathunge, H. R., Vojtech, J., Dunsmuir, C. J., Cocroft, S. J., Díaz-Cádiz, M. E., McKenna, V., & Stepp, C. E. (2025). Characterization of vocal motor control using laryngeal kinematics in individuals with hyperfunctional voice disorders. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 68(4), 1743–1757. https://doi.org/10.1044/2025_JSLHR-24-00598
Extended Interlingual Index for the Project's Core Sign Languages and Languages covered in Work Package 9
Creators: name: Bigeard, Sam
name: Schulder, Marc
name: Kopf, Maria
name: Hanke, Thomas
name: Vasilaki, Kiriaki
name: Vacalopoulou, Anna
name: Goulas, Theodor
name: Dimou, Athanasia-Lida
name: Fotinea, Stavroula-Evita
name: Efthimiou, Eleni
name: Fox, Neil
name: Crasborn, Onno
name: Westenberg, Lianne
name: Ebling, Sarah
name: Wawrinka, Laure
name: Mesch, Johanna
name: Björkstrand, Thomas
name: Kuder, Anna
name: Wójcicka, Joanna
Publisher: name: Universität Hamburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: multilingual wordnet
lexical resource
crosslingual resource
semi-automatic resource creation
DGS (German Sign Language)
GSL (Greek Sign Language)
BSL (British Sign Language)
NGT (Sign Language of the Netherlands)
LSF (French Sign Language)
DSGS (Swiss-German Sign Language)
STS (Swedish Sign Language)
PJM (Polish Sign Language)

description: The purpose of the interlingual index is to link the lexical resources of the sign languages of the project. This is the final project release of the index, which covers both the core sign languages of the project as well as additional sign languages.
Determinants of smallholder farmer labour allocation decisions in Uganda
Creators: name: Bagamba, Fredrick
name: Burger, Kees
name: Kuyvenhoven, Arie
name: Bagamba, Fredrick
name: Burger, Kees
name: Kuyvenhoven, Arie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Farm Management
Labor and Human Capital

description: There is growing evidence of the increasing role of nonfarm activities in the rural livelihoods. However, empirical evidence on the factors that influence smallholder farmers to diversify into nonfarm activities is still scanty. The study analyses the factors that influence household labour allocation decisions and demand for hired farm labour. It was carried out in central, Masaka and southwest regions of the country, which have divergent production constraints and opportunities. The study shows that household members respond positively to increases in shadow wages and negatively to increases in shadow incomes, which implies that they respond to economic incentives. Increase in wage rates negatively affects use of hired labour. Household size has no effect on the use of hired labour, implying that economic rationing of hiring labour has more to do with the market wage than family size and composition. Education and road access have a positive effect on time allocated to off-farm activities. Access to off-farm opportunities, however, takes away the most productive labour from farm production. Investment in road infrastructure, education and financial institutions suited to smallholder production needs could help to alleviate the bottlenecks in the labour, food and financial markets, and improve resource allocation between the farm and nonfarm sectors.
Time-frequency track distance for comparing continuous gravitational wave signals
Creators: name: Tenorio, Rodrigo
name: Keitel, David
name: Sintes, Alicia M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Searches for continuous gravitational waves from unknown sources attempt to detect long-lasting gravitational radiation by identifying Doppler-modulated signatures in the data. Semicoherent methods allow for wide parameter space surveys, identifying interesting regions to be followed up using more sensitive (and computationally expensive) tools. Thus, it is required to properly understand the parameter space structure under study, as failing to do so could significantly affect the effectiveness of said strategies. We introduce a new measure for distances in parameter space suited for semicoherent continuous wave searches. This novel approach, based on comparing time-frequency tracks, can be applied to any kind of quasi-monochromatic continuous wave signals and adapts itself to the underlying structure of the parameter space under study. In a first application to the post-processing stage of an all-sky search for continuous waves from neutron stars in binary systems, we demonstrate a search sensitivity improvement by solely replacing previous ad hoc distance measures in the candidate clustering procedure by the new proposal.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures. Matches PRD published version
Analysing the role of institutional arrangements: vegetable value chains in East Africa
Creators: name: Eaton, Derek J.F.
name: Meijerink, Gerdien W.
name: Bijman, Jos
name: Belt, John
name: Eaton, Derek J.F.
name: Meijerink, Gerdien W.
name: Bijman, Jos
name: Belt, John
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Agribusiness
Institutional and Behavioral Economics

description: Institutional innovations are increasingly seen as key to achieving not only agricultural growth, by overcoming market failures, but also to ensure that poor smallholders also benefit from this process. This paper analyses institutional arrangements for vegetable marketing in East Africa from a transaction cost perspective. Marketing of vegetables is still dominated by spot markets with some, but still limited, movement towards farmers' engaging collectively in contract farming through producers' organisations. It appears that little is understood concerning how farmers and traders have overcome transaction costs in such situations, and this area deserves increased attention. An understanding of how institutional change occurs is necessary if donor agencies wish to support this process.
Bulk and Edge Properties of Twisted Double-Bilayer Graphene
Creators: name: Wang, Yimeng
name: Herzog-Arbeitman, Jonah
name: Burg, G. William
name: Zhu, Jihang
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: MacDonald, Allan H.
name: Bernevig, B. Andrei
name: Tutuc, Emanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The emergence of controlled, two-dimensional moiré materials has uncovered a new platform for investigating topological physics. Twisted double bilayer graphene (TDBG) has been predicted to host a topologically non-trivial gapped phase with Chern number equal to two at charge neutrality, when half the flat bands are filled. However, it can be difficult to diagnose topological states using a single measurement because it is ideal to probe the bulk and edge properties at the same time. Here, we report a combination of chemical potential measurements, transport measurements, and theoretical calculations that show that twisted double bilayer graphene can host metallic edge transport while simultaneously being insulating in the bulk. A Landauer-Buttiker analysis of measurements on multi-terminal samples allows us to quantitatively assess edge state scattering. We interpret these results as signatures of the predicted topological phase at charge neutrality.
Political Tariff Protection in Iran`s agriculture sector
Creators: name: Feizabadi, Yaser
name: Feizabadi, Yaser
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: In this paper,firstly, tariff protection trend of Iran`s agriculture sector is analysed by statistical analysis approach during the years 1985-2005. Agriculture's tariff regime is characterized by i) high average tariff ii) extremely dispersion of tariff levels across tariff lines iii) significant amount of tariff escalation and ix) deep gap between average nominal tariffs and import-weighted average tariffs. consequently, Several analytical propositions are derived that are consistent with the observed patterns of tariff protection in developing countries: i) nominal protection rates escalate with the degree of processing ii) higher average tariff protection in agriculture sector compared to developed countries` agriculture and iii) higher non-agricultural tariff protection than agricultural tariff protection. Afterwards Tariff equation of agriculture is estimated for 156 staple products and political fitted tariff and political protection indicator are estimated for these products. This political-economy analysis allows us to identify two sets of protected products: First, Over-protected products are those which their actual tariffs are higher than their Political fitted tariffs. Tariff reduction should not be Politically costly and could be more speedy. In this case tariff reduction would improve resources allocation and income distribution(poverty reduction) within the agriculture sector. Second, Under-protected products are those which their actual tariffs are lower than their Political fitted tariffs.Most of agricultural crops are included in this group. Tariff reduction in this case is Politically costly and longer adjusted period may be necessary.
Dynamic modelling for foreign exchange rates
Creators: name: Kwok, Kelly Sin-Hung
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Since the advent of generalized floating exchange rates in 1973, the behavior of exchange rate movements has become an extremely challenging research area. Given the importance of a good understanding of foreign exchange rate dynamics in international asset pricing theories, international portfolio management and policy-oriented questions of an open economy, it is not surprising that exchange rate economics has been the subject of many investigations during the past two decades. Recent research indicates that standard linear macroeconomic models generally fail to improve upon the simple random walk model in out-of-sample forecasting. We present an empirical study (based on over 20 years of monthly data) of several models with dynamic state structure to forecast the foreign exchange rates of seven major currencies. As part of our study, we also employ various measures and visualization techniques to evaluate the performance of our candidate models in terms of expectation and risk forecastability. In addition to the commonly used statistical measures, we compare the models in seemingly practical situations. The performance measurement methodology for risk management is based on the concept of Value-at-Risk. The general conclusion of our study is that the performance of the forward rate model tends to be dominative. Our dynamic models are still not able to outperform the simple random walk for most of the studied exchange rates when performance is based upon the statistical measures; however, the simple random walk may not be unbeatable when performance is gauged from a practical point of view.
Chiral phase transition and thermal Hall effect in an anisotropic spin model on the kagome lattice
Creators: name: Albarracín, F. A. Gómez
name: Rosales, H. D.
name: Pujol, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the thermal Hall effect in the extended Heisenberg model with $XXZ$ anisotropy in the kagome lattice. This model has the particularity that, in the classical case, and for a broad region in parameter space, an external magnetic field induces a chiral symmetry breaking: the ground state is a doubly degenerate $q=0$ order with either positive or negative net chirality. Here, we focus on the effect of this chiral phase transition in the thermal Hall conductivity using Linear-Spin-Waves theory. We explore the topology and calculate the Chern numbers of the magnonic bands, obtaining a variety of topological phase transitions. We also compute the magnonic effect to the critical temperature associated with the chiral phase transition ($T_c^{SW}$). Our main result is that, the thermal Hall conductivity, which is null for $T>T_c^{SW}$, becomes non-zero as a consequence of the spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking at low temperatures. Therefore, we present a simple model where it is possible to "switch" on/off the thermal transport properties introducing a magnetic field and heating or cooling the system.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
Controllable soliton dragging by dynamical optical lattices
Creators: name: Kartashov, Yaroslav V.
name: Torner, Lluis
name: Christodoulides, Demetrios N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the phenomenon of controllable soliton dragging by dynamical optical lattices induced by three imbalanced interfering plane waves. Because of such an imbalance, the transverse momentum of the lattice does not vanish, and thus the dynamical lattice can cause soliton dragging. The dragging rate is shown to depend on the amplitude and on the angle of incidence of the third plane wave making the optical lattice.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Optics Letters
Towards the Emergence of Constitutive Rules for Equitable Agribusiness Value Chains
Creators: name: Bourgeois, Robin
name: Bourgeois, Robin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: Agribusiness value chains in developing countries have experienced the impact of a double State reform process. The first generation of reforms imposed through the Washington Consensus aimed at economic stabilization, reduction of State budget deficits, and removal of trade barriers. The second generation focuses more on institution building in particular the creation of effective and independent regulatory agencies. This process puts institutional change in the foreground and therefore faces the resistance of entrenched vested interests. This paper develops the concept of quaternary institutions, that is, constitutive institutions for governance and discusses the conditions of emergence of new co-ordination rules in agribusiness value chains in developing countries that favour the inclusion of smallholders and less powerful stakeholders. A brief review of relevant concepts in institutional economics is conducted to clarify the role, the forms and the functions of these institutions. It leads to paying special attention to information generation and sharing as a crucial factor of institutional change. The role diverse actors such as the State, private organisations and external bodies can play in the emergence of quaternary institutions is then highlighted.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 10/18/07.
Dual Geometric Graph Network (DG2N) -- Iterative network for deformable shape alignment
Creators: name: Ginzburg, Dvir
name: Raviv, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We provide a novel new approach for aligning geometric models using a dual graph structure where local features are mapping probabilities. Alignment of non-rigid structures is one of the most challenging computer vision tasks due to the high number of unknowns needed to model the correspondence. We have seen a leap forward using DNN models in template alignment and functional maps, but those methods fail for inter-class alignment where nonisometric deformations exist. Here we propose to rethink this task and use unrolling concepts on a dual graph structure - one for a forward map and one for a backward map, where the features are pulled back matching probabilities from the target into the source. We report state of the art results on stretchable domains alignment in a rapid and stable solution for meshes and cloud of points.
Education for Happiness
Creators: name: Dhal, Pravat
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Education

description: Ancient education of India provides liberation from falsehood, ignorance, darkness and death. Otherwise, it provides us Truth, Wisdom, Light and Immortality. Its objective is Goodness of society. But in the present system of education, the human being is running like a machine, reciting as a parrot, singing as a mike without touching the inner being. Today’s child is so busy with his school task. He is going to school with a heavy school bag. He may be busy with computer or video game. But there is no time to wonder in the lap of nature or play in the field. He may remain alone in the home, but makes frown to play with peers. Happiness and education are closely related. Happiness should be an aim of education, and a good education should contribute significantly to personal and collective happiness. Our education should be provided happiness. The education without happiness is meaningless. A child will grow with love and affection. There would be no burden to a child. Learning should be enjoyable. He will lean everything with love, and then it will be permanent learning. Learning will be meaningful in life.
First observation of 54Zn and its decay by two-proton emission
Creators: name: Blank, B.
name: Bey, A.
name: Canchel, G.
name: Dossat, C.
name: Fleury, A.
name: Giovinazzo, J.
name: Matea, I.
name: Adimi, N.
name: De Oliveira, F.
name: Stefan, I.
name: Georgiev, G.
name: Grevy, S.
name: Thomas, J. C.
name: Borcea, C.
name: Cortina, D.
name: Caamano, M.
name: Stanoiu, M.
name: Aksouh, F.
name: Brown, B. A.
name: Barker, F. C.
name: Richter, W. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nucleus 54Zn has been observed for the first time in an experiment at the SISSI/LISE3 facility of GANIL in the quasi-fragmentation of a 58Ni beam at 74.5 MeV/nucleon in a natNi target. The fragments were analysed by means of the ALPHA-LISE3 separator and implanted in a silicon-strip detector where correlations in space and time between implantation and subsequent decay events allowed us to generate almost background free decay spectra for about 25 different nuclei at the same time. Eight 54Zn implantation events were observed. From the correlated decay events, the half-life of 54Zn is determined to be 3.2 +1.8/-0.8 ms. Seven of the eight implantations are followed by two-proton emission with a decay energy of 1.48(2) MeV. The decay energy and the partial half-life are compared to model predictions and allow for a test of these two-proton decay models.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in PRL
Rotation sets of billiards with one obstacle
Creators: name: Blokh, A.
name: Misiurewicz, M.
name: Simanyi, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37D50, 54H20, 70F35

description: We investigate the rotation sets of billiards on the $m$-dimensional torus with one small convex obstacle and in the square with one small convex obstacle. In the first case the displacement function, whose averages we consider, measures the change of the position of a point in the universal covering of the torus (that is, in the Euclidean space), in the second case it measures the rotation around the obstacle. A substantial part of the rotation set has usual strong properties of rotation sets.
Eigenvalues of the MOTS stability operator for slowly rotating Kerr black holes
Creators: name: Bussey, Liam
name: Cox, Graham
name: Kunduri, Hari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the eigenvalues of the MOTS stability operator for the Kerr black hole with angular momentum per unit mass $|a| \ll M$. We prove that each eigenvalue depends analytically on $a$ (in a neighbourhood of $a=0$), and compute its first nonvanishing derivative. Recalling that $a=0$ corresponds to the Schwarzschild solution, where each eigenvalue has multiplicity $2\ell+1$, we find that this degeneracy is completely broken for nonzero $a$. In particular, for $0 < |a| \ll M$ we obtain a cluster consisting of $\ell$ distinct complex conjugate pairs and one real eigenvalue. As a special case of our results, we get a simple formula for the variation of the principal eigenvalue. For perturbations that preserve the total area or mass of the black hole, we find that the principal eigenvalue has a local maximum at $a=0$. However, there are other perturbations for which the principal eigenvalue has a local minimum at $a=0$.
description: 12 pages; comments welcome! Main results have been generalized in v2
Spectroscopy in Extremely Thin Vapor Cells : Sensitivity Issues
Creators: name: Ducloy, Martial
name: Bloch, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This communication focuses on sensitivity issues - a long-time concern of J. Hall- in the spectroscopic analysis of Extremely Thin Cell of dilute vapor. With these small and often submicrometric slices of vapor, the most uncommon features are the relatively small number of interacting atoms, and the fact that essential results are already obtained in the frame of linear spectroscopy.
description: Proceedings of the John Hall symposium (2005) to appear
نظام الأمر الجزائي في مخالفات الحجر الصحي.pdf
Creators: name: RITTAB, Azzeddine
name: Sedrati, Nabila
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: 180110 Criminal Law and Procedure
subject: 180119 Law and Society
subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This study used the analytical methodology to search into the Algerian legislation about the quarantine abuses cases.
Rotation state, colors, and albedo of the mission-accessible tiny near-Earth asteroid 2001 QJ$_{142}$
Creators: name: Beniyama, Jin
name: Sergeyev, Alexey V.
name: Tholen, David J.
name: Micheli, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Characterizing mission-accessible asteroids using telescopic observations is fundamental for target-selection and planning for spacecraft missions. Near-Earth asteroids on Earth-like orbits are of particular importance for applications such as asteroid mining. Aims. 2001 QJ142 is a tiny (D $\leq$ 100 m) near-Earth asteroid on an Earth-like orbit with a semimajor axis of 1.06 au, orbital eccentricity of 0.09, and orbital inclination of 3.10$^{\circ}$. We aim to characterize 2001 QJ142 using ground-based observations with future spacecraft missions in mind. Methods. We performed visible multicolor photometry of 2001 QJ142 using the TriCCS on the Seimei 3.8 m telescope in February 2024. We also revisited the images taken with the Suprime-Cam on the Subaru 8.2 m telescope in August 2012. Results. Visible color indices of 2001 QJ142 indicate that 2001 QJ142 is a C- or X-complex asteroid. We detect a possible fast rotation with a period of about 10 min, which is consistent with a previous report. The geometric albedo of 2001 QJ142 is derived to be about 0.3 from a slope of its photometric phase curve, which is consistent with an albedo derived from thermal observations with updated physical quantities. A straightforward interpretation is that 2001 QJ142 is either an E- or M-type asteroid, although surface properties of such tiny fast-rotating asteroids are not well understood. Conclusions. We infer that 2001 QJ142 is a fast-rotating mission-accessible E- or M-type near-Earth asteroid. More characterizations of tiny asteroids are particularly important for a deeper understanding of their nature.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures, published in Astronomy & Astrophysics (A&A), comments are welcome
Trade, Standards and Poverty. Evidence from Senegal
Creators: name: Maertens, Miet
name: Swinnen, Johan F.M.
name: Maertens, Miet
name: Swinnen, Johan F.M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: trade
subject: poverty
subject: standards
subject: vertical coordination
subject: contract farming

description: The debate on trade and poverty is reinforced by recent studies on the role of standards. It is argued that increasing standards act as trade barriers for developing countries and cause further marginalization of the poor. This paper is the first to quantify income and poverty effects of such high-standards trade and to integrate labor market effects, by using company and household survey data from the vegetable export chain in Senegal. We find that exports have grown sharply despite increasing standards, resulting in important income gains and poverty reduction. Our estimates indicate that poverty is 14 % points lower due to vegetable exports. Tightening food standards induced a shift from smallholder contract-based farming to large-scale integrated estate production, altering the mechanism through which poor households benefit: through labor markets instead of product markets. The impact on poverty reduction is stronger as the poorest benefit relatively more from working on large-scale farms than from contract farming.
Topological two-dimensional Floquet lattice on a single superconducting qubit
Creators: name: Malz, Daniel
name: Smith, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Previous theoretical and experimental research has shown that current NISQ devices constitute powerful platforms for analogue quantum simulation. With the exquisite level of control offered by state-of-the-art quantum computers, we show that one can go further and implement a wide class of Floquet Hamiltonians, or timedependent Hamiltonians in general. We then implement a single-qubit version of these models in the IBM Quantum Experience and experimentally realize a temporal version of the Bernevig-Hughes-Zhang Chern insulator. From our data we can infer the presence of a topological transition, thus realizing an earlier proposal of topological frequency conversion by Martin, Refael, and Halperin. Our study highlights promises and limitations when studying many-body systems through multi-frequency driving of quantum computers.
description: 5+9 pages, comments welcome
Systematic 2.5 D resistive MHD simulations with ambipolar diffusion and Hall effect for fast magnetic reconnection
Creators: name: Landinez, Gabriela
name: Lora-Clavijo, Fabio D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we explore the possibility of the Hall effect and ambipolar diffusion as a mechanism for fast reconnection. The reconnected flux of our resistive and resistive+Hall simulations replicates the GEM results. Furthermore, we investigate, for the first time, the effect of ambipolar diffusion in the GEM. The reconnected flux of the resistive+ambipolar and resistive+Hall+ambipolar simulations showed increases of up to 75\% and 143\%, respectively, compared to the resistive and resistive+Hall simulations, showing that ambipolar diffusion contributes significantly to the reconnected flux. Our second scenario has a magnetic Harris field without perturbations but with an out-of-plane component, known as a guide field. We found that the reconnection rate increased faster with ambipolar diffusion, reaching values close to 0.1 for the resistive+Hall+ambipolar simulation followed by the resistive+Hall. These two simulations achieved the highest kinetic energy, implying more efficient energy conversion during reconnection.
description: Published in Physics Letters A
Density matrix renormalization group study of the $ν=1/3$ edge states in fractional quantum Hall systems
Creators: name: Ito, Takuya
name: Shibata, Naokazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The edge states in the fractional quantum Hall systems at filling factor $ν=1/3$ are studied by the density matrix renormalization group method. It is shown that the density oscillation induced by the local boundary condition at the edge is characterized by the wave number of the minimum magnetoroton excitation, and this structure is partially reconstructed with the change in the confinement potential shape. In particular, the $ν=1$ counterpropagating edge channel appears with the change in the chemical potential, which is consistent with recent experiments on heat transport. The stability of the bulk states against the change in the number of electrons confirms that the bulk part of the fractional quantum Hall state is incompressible, while the edge state is compressible.
Rural Household Access to Assets and Agrarian Institutions: A Cross Country Comparison
Creators: name: Zezza, Alberto
name: Winters, Paul C.
name: Davis, Benjamin
name: Carletto, Calogero
name: Covarrubias, Katia
name: Quinones, Esteban
name: Stamoulis, Kostas G.
name: Di Giuseppe, Stefania
name: Zezza, Alberto
name: Winters, Paul C.
name: Davis, Benjamin
name: Carletto, Calogero
name: Covarrubias, Katia
name: Quinones, Esteban
name: Stamoulis, Kostas G.
name: Di Giuseppe, Stefania
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: rural non farm
subject: assets
subject: agrarian institutions
subject: household surveys

description: Agriculture is at the core of the livelihoods of a large share of rural households throughout the developing world. Agricultural growth is a major engine for overall economic growth and possibly the single most important pathway out of poverty in the rural space. This paper characterizes household access to assets and agrarian institutions of households engaged in agricultural activities in a sample of developing countries. The evidence presented in the paper draws from 15 nationally representative household surveys from four regions of the developing world. We find that the access of rural households to a range of agricultural-specific assets (including land and livestock) and institutions is in general low, though highly heterogeneous across countries, and by categories of households within countries. A large share of rural agricultural households do not use or have access to basic productive inputs, agricultural support services or output markets, and in general it is the landless and the smallest landowners who suffer significantly more from this lack of access. We relate this to the households' ability to engage successfully in commercial farming and find consistent supporting evidence for the hypothesis that this lack of access is significantly constraining their potential to engage successfully in agriculture.
Quality Standards for Food Products - A Particular Burden for Small Producers in Developing Countries?
Creators: name: Chemnitz, Christine
name: Grethe, Harald
name: Kleinwechter, Ulrich
name: Chemnitz, Christine
name: Grethe, Harald
name: Kleinwechter, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
International Relations/Trade

description: This paper develops an analytical framework which structures the problem of whether, how and to what extent small producers in developing countries are disadvantaged by the increasing prevalence of food quality standards. Based on a literature review, the empirical evidence is structured and research gaps are identified. The paper finds that small and medium producers rarely comply without support from downstream actors. In case of well-educated and relatively wealthy farmers, forward integration is also found. No empirical support exists for the intuitively appealing hypothesis of a lower cost of compliance per unit of output for large producers
The Honey Industry in New South Wales
Creators: name: Cooke-Yarborough, R.E.
name: Cooke-Yarborough, R.E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1963
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: The fourteen and a half million pounds of honey which New South Wales contributes annually to total Australian output greatly helps to make Australia one of the top five producers, and third most important exporter in the world. In yield per hive, Australia actually is one of the leaders, obtaining over 100 lb. each year - a level approached only by Canada.
Budgets for Planned Irrigation on a Typical Richmond Valley Dairy Farm
Creators: name: Mason, George
name: Bird, J.G.
name: Mason, George
name: Bird, J.G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1965
Subjects: Farm Management
Livestock Production/Industries

description: This article is concerned with the economics of a planned system of supplementary irrigation and pasture improvement on a typical Richmond Valley dairy farm. In developing the plan for the farm, consideration is, given to a range of assumptions concerning the farmer's resources of labour and machinery. Similarly, three different levels of production response are considered; these represent assumed variations in the managerial skills of farmers. Thus, with a typical initial farm production of 8.650 lb. butterfat, the gains assumed are: (1) an increase of 4,830 lb. butterfat under "good management"; (2) an increase of 6,040 lb. butterfat under "outstanding management"; and (3) an increase of 3,620 lb. butterfat under "average management". For each set of assumptions, on the production gain achieved and the resource situation of the typical farmer, a credit budget is developed for a ten-year period. With "good management", when the only major investment is the irrigation plant and when the farmer does not need to employ extra labour, income gains are sufficient to ensure rapid repayment of the overdraft. If, however, the farmer is older and finds it necessary to employ a youth, the "pay back period" is much longer than ten years and the plan is clearly not attractive, except as a means of financing the return of a son to the property. Again, if there is no need to employ extra labour, the income generated is sufficient to cover investment in a tractor and implements, as well as the irrigation plant, with a pay back period of ten years, or in a herringbone milkshed in the third year of development, with a pay back period of eleven years.
Melvin Twists of global AdS_5 \times S_5 and their Non-Commutative Field Theory Dual
Creators: name: Dhokarh, Danny
name: Haque, Sheikh Shajidul
name: Hashimoto, Akikazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the Melvin Twist of AdS_5 \times S_5 under U(1) \times U(1) isometry of the boundary S_3 of the global AdS_5 geometry and identify its field theory dual. We also study the thermodynamics of the Melvin deformed theory.
description: 17 pages, references added
“Aesthetic Primitives”: Fundamental Biological Elements of a Naturalistic Aesthetics
Creators: name: Dissanayake, Ellen
Publisher: name: Aisthesis. Pratiche, linguaggi e saperi dell’estetico
Year: 2015

description: Aesthetics, like other philosophical subjects, has historically made use of «top down» (mentalistic, analytic, and linguistic) methods. Recent discoveries in genetics, evolutionary psychology, paleoarchaeology, and neuroscience call for a new «naturalistic» or «bottom up» perspective. Combining these fields with behavioral biology and ethnoarts studies, I offer seven premises that underlie a new understanding of evolved predispositions of the brain/mind that all artists use to attract attention, sustain interest, and create, mold, and shape emotion. I describe aesthetic «primitives» in somatic and behavioral (as well as psychosensory) modalities, suggesting that these were present in early sapiens and continue to influence human art making and aesthetic response today. Keywords: Aesthetic Mind; Neuroaesthetics, evolutionary aesthetics, cognitive aesthetics, evolution of art.
description: Aisthesis. Pratiche, linguaggi e saperi dell’estetico, Vol. 8 No. 1 (2015): The Aesthetic Mind and the Origin of Art
Transferability of machine learning potentials: Protonated water neural network potential applied to the protonated water hexamer
Creators: name: Schran, Christoph
name: Brieuc, Fabien
name: Marx, Dominik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A previously published neural network potential for the description of protonated water clusters up to the protonated water tetramer, H$^+$(H$_2$O)$_4$, at essentially converged coupled cluster accuracy (J. Chem. Theory Comput. 16, 88 (2020)) is applied to the protonated water hexamer, H$^+$(H$_2$O)$_6$ -- a system that the neural network has never seen before. Although being in the extrapolation regime, it is shown that the potential not only allows for quantum simulations from ultra-low temperatures $\sim$ 1 K up to 300 K, but that it is able to describe the new system very accurately compared to explicit coupled cluster calculations. This transferability of the model is rationalized by the similarity of the atomic environments encountered for the larger cluster compared to the environments in the training set of the model. Compared to the interpolation regime the quality of the model is reduced by roughly one order of magnitude, but most of the difference to the coupled cluster reference comes from global shifts of the potential energy surface, while local energy fluctuations are well recovered. These results suggest that the application of neural network potentials in extrapolation regimes can provide useful results and might be more general than usually thought.
description: The following article has been submitted to the Journal of Chemical Physics
TeV-Scale Black Hole Lifetimes in Extra-Dimensional Lovelock Gravity
Creators: name: Rizzo, Thomas G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the mass loss rates and lifetimes of TeV-scale extra dimensional black holes (BH) in ADD-like models with Lovelock higher-curvature terms present in the action. In particular we focus on the predicted differences between the canonical and microcanonical ensemble statistical mechanics descriptions of the Hawking radiation that results in the decay of these BH. In even numbers of extra dimensions the employment of the microcanonical approach is shown to generally lead to a significant increase in the BH lifetime as in case of the Einstein-Hilbert action. For odd numbers of extra dimensions, stable BH remnants occur when employing either description provided the highest order allowed Lovelock invariant is present. However, in this case, the time dependence of the mass loss rates obtained employing the two approaches will be different. These effects are in principle measurable at future colliders.
description: 27 pages, 9 figs; Refs. and discussion added
The surprising accuracy of isothermal Jeans modelling of self-interacting dark matter density profiles
Creators: name: Robertson, Andrew
name: Massey, Richard
name: Eke, Vincent
name: Schaye, Joop
name: Theuns, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent claims of observational evidence for self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) have relied on a semi-analytic method for predicting the density profiles of galaxies and galaxy clusters containing SIDM. We present a thorough description of this method, known as isothermal Jeans modelling, and then test it with a large ensemble of haloes taken from cosmological simulations. Our simulations were run with cold and collisionless dark matter (CDM) as well as two different SIDM models, all with dark matter only variants as well as versions including baryons and relevant galaxy formation physics. Using a mix of different box sizes and resolutions, we study haloes with masses ranging from 3e10 to 3e15 Msun. Overall, we find that the isothermal Jeans model provides as accurate a description of simulated SIDM density profiles as the Navarro-Frenk-White profile does of CDM halos. We can use the model predictions, compared with the simulated density profiles, to determine the input DM-DM scattering cross-sections used to run the simulations. This works especially well for large cross-sections, while with CDM our results tend to favour non-zero (albeit fairly small) cross-sections, driven by a bias against small cross-sections inherent to our adopted method of sampling the model parameter space. The model works across the whole halo mass range we study, although including baryons leads to DM profiles of intermediate-mass (10^12 - 10^13 Msun) haloes that do not depend strongly on the SIDM cross-section. The tightest constraints will therefore come from lower and higher mass haloes: dwarf galaxies and galaxy clusters.
description: 27 pages, 19 figures, accepted in MNRAS, updated to match accepted version
The Pros and Cons of Futures Trading for Woolgrowers
Creators: name: Gruen, Fred H.G.
name: Gruen, Fred H.G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1960
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: The purpose of this report is to discuss the advantages and disadvantages accruing to woolgrowers of using the Sydney Greasy Wool Futures Market. No reference will be made to the general advisability of having such a market. The discussion proceeds on the basis that a Futures Market has now been established and the question to be examined is how far growers can use it to advantage. The report will proceed in three stages. The first section will discuss under what conditions a woolgrower is likely to find futures trading of value. This will be followed by a hypothetical example of how a grower would use the market. It will be shown that the usefulness of futures depends on the degree of correspondence between movements in auction prices and movements in futures prices. The second section examines how close this correspondence is likely to be in practice. The third section discusses the mechanics of using the market - in other words, the technical points about futures which a grower needs to consider, how he would go about trading in futures, and the costs involved.