cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Determinants of disagreement with female genital mutilation/cutting of future daughters and awareness of the ban among Egyptian university students
Creators: name: Mostafa, Aya
name: Gaballah, Shaimaa Ashmawy
name: Amin, Ghada Essamaldin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Participant characteristics by faculty.
Low-bandwidth control scheme for an oscillator stabilized Josephson qubit
Creators: name: Koch, R. H.
name: Rozen, J. R.
name: Keefe, G. A.
name: Milliken, F. M.
name: Tsuei, C. C.
name: Kirtley, J. R.
name: DiVincenzo, D. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a new Josephson junction circuit for which quantum operations are realized by low-bandwidth, nearly adiabatic magnetic-flux pulses. Coupling to the fundamental mode of a superconducting transmission line permits a stabilization of the rotation angle of the quantum operation against flux noise. A complete scheme for one-qubit rotations, and high-visibility Ramsey-fringe oscillations, is given. We show that high visibility depends on passing through a portal in the space of applied fluxes, where the width of the portal is proportional to the ramp-up rate of the flux pulse.
description: 5 pages, pdflatex
Development Strategies for Rural Tourism in Mountainous Areas under the Background of Rural Revitalization: Taking Xujia Village, Meiling Town, Nanchang City as an Example
Creators: name: LIU Qiang
name: LIU Xulin
name: LIU Qiang
name: LIU Xulin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Rural revitalization, Rural tourism, Mountainous area, Development strategy

description: Rural tourism industry is a new typical tourism industry in China to promote the strategic integration and linkage development of secondary and tertiary industries, and has developed into a new path to promote the strategic integration and development of rural major projects and revitalize industries[1]. At present, China's rural cultural tourism is developing rapidly, but there are also some problems, such as single construction mode, accurate product positioning, lack of cultural connotation, etc., facing the development dilemma of high quality[2]. Under the background of rural revitalization strategy, the overall development of eco-tourism is an important direction of rural tourism development. Meiling town is located in the present Xinjian District of Nanchang City (the former Wanli District). As the central garden of Nanchang City, Meiling town has a good tourism foundation and rich eco-tourism resources, with good prospects of eco-tourism development. Taking Xujia Village in Meiling town as an example, this article analyzes the favorable and unfavorable factors of rural tourism development, and puts forward a new rural tourism development road with rural tourism as the center, ecological civilization construction as the core and rural reconstruction as the guiding concept.
Modulation of interfacial thermal transport between fumed silica nanoparticles by surface chemical functionalization for advanced thermal insulation
Creators: name: Kodama, Takashi
name: Shinohara, Nobuhiro
name: Hung, Shih-Wei
name: Bin, Xu
name: Obori, Masanao
name: Suh, Donguk
name: Shiomi, Junichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since solid-state heat transport in a highly porous nanocomposite strongly depends on the thermal boundary conductance (TBC) between constituent nanomaterials, further suppression of the TBC is important for improving performance of thermal insulators. Here, targeting a nanocomposite fabricated by stamping fumed silica nanoparticles, we perform a wide variety of surface functionalization on fumed silica nanoparticles by silane coupling method and investigate the impact on the thermal conductivity (Km). The Km of the silica nanocomposite is approximately 20 and 9 mW/m/K under atmospheric and vacuum condition at the material density of 0.2 g/cm3 without surface functionalization, respectively, and the experimental results indicate that the Km can be modulated depending on the chemical structure of molecules. The surface modification with a linear alkyl chain of optimal length significantly suppresses Km by approximately 30%, and the suppression can be further enhanced to approximately 50% with the infrared opacifier. The magnitude of suppression was found to sensitively depend on the length of terminal chain. The magnitude is also related to the number of reactive silanol groups in the chemical structure, where the surface modification with fluorocarbon gives the largest suppression. The surface hydrophobization merits thermal insulation through significant suppression of the TBC, presumably by reducing the water molecules that otherwise would serve as heat conduction channels at the interface. On the other hand, when the chain length is long, the suppression is counteracted by the enhanced phonon transmission through the silane coupling molecules that grows with the chain length. This is supported by the analytical model and present simulation results, leading to predict the optimal chemical structure for better thermal insulation.
Braneworld cosmological solutions and their stability
Creators: name: Iakubovskyi, Dmytro
name: Shtanov, Yuri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider cosmological solutions and their stability with respect to homogeneous and isotropic perturbations in the braneworld model with the scalar-curvature term in the action for the brane. Part of the results are similar to those obtained by Campos and Sopuerta for the Randall-Sundrum braneworld model. Specifically, the expanding de Sitter solution is an attractor, while the expanding Friedmann solution is a repeller. In the braneworld theory with the scalar-curvature term in the action for the brane, static solutions with matter satisfying the strong energy condition exist not only with closed spatial geometry but also with open and flat ones even in the case where the dark-radiation contribution is absent. In a certain range of parameters, static solutions are stable with respect to homogeneous and isotropic perturbations.
description: 23 pages, 2 figures, sections 3 and 4 revised, matches the version to be published
Localization, phases and transitions in the three-dimensional extended Lieb lattices
Creators: name: Liu, Jie
name: Mao, Xiaoyu
name: Zhong, Jianxin
name: Römer, Rudolf A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the localization properties and the Anderson transition in the 3D Lieb lattice $\mathcal{L}_3(1)$ and its extensions $\mathcal{L}_3(n)$ in the presence of disorder. We compute the positions of the flat bands, the disorder-broadened density of states and the energy-disorder phase diagrams for up to 4 different such Lieb lattices. Via finite-size scaling, we obtain the critical properties such as critical disorders and energies as well as the universal localization lengths exponent $ν$. We find that the critical disorder $W_c$ decreases from $\sim 16.5$ for the cubic lattice, to $\sim 8.6$ for $\mathcal{L}_3(1)$, $\sim 5.9$ for $\mathcal{L}_3(2)$ and $\sim 4.8$ for $\mathcal{L}_3(3)$. Nevertheless, the value of the critical exponent $ν$ for all Lieb lattices studied here and across disorder and energy transitions agrees within error bars with the generally accepted universal value $ν=1.590 (1.579,1.602)$.
Distribution of the extensive Doppler redshift of quasars
Creators: name: Qin, Yi-Ping
name: Liu, Hong-Tao
name: Liang, En-Wei
name: Dong, Yun-Ming
name: Su, Cheng-Yue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We make an analysis of the distribution of the extensive Doppler redshift defined as $\widetilde{z}_{Dopp}=(z_{abs}-z_{em})/(1+z_{em})$ with a sample of 1317 absorption redshifts available from 401 quasars. The analysis reveals a bi-peak structure in the distribution, with one component located at $\widetilde{z}_{Dopp}\simeq 0.00$ and the other at $\widetilde{z}% _{Dopp}\simeq -0.01$. A study of some possible causes suggests that the structure can be well interpreted: while the absorbers inside the same cluster as the quasar concerned could contribute to the first component and the less populated space between clusters could explain the gap between the two peaks, the typical distance between clusters could account for the second component. If the bi-peak structure is true, which needs to be confirmed by complete samples, one would be able to obtain some useful cosmological information.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
An uncertainty view on complementarity and a complementarity view on uncertainty
Creators: name: Basso, Marcos L. W.
name: Maziero, Jonas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the uncertainty about an observable of a system prepared in a quantum state is usually described by its variance, when the state is mixed, the variance is a hybrid of quantum and classical uncertainties. Besides that, complementarity relations are saturated only for pure, single-quanton, quantum states. For mixed states, the wave-particle quantifiers never saturate the complementarity relation and can even reach zero for a maximally mixed state. So, to fully characterize a quanton it is not sufficient to consider its wave-particle aspect; one has also to regard its correlations with other systems. In this paper, we discuss the relation between quantum correlations and local classical uncertainty measures, as well as the relation between quantum coherence and quantum uncertainty quantifiers. We obtain a complete complementarity relation for quantum uncertainty, classical uncertainty, and predictability. The total quantum uncertainty of a d-paths interferometer is shown to be equivalent to the Wigner-Yanase coherence and the corresponding classical uncertainty is shown to be a quantum correlation quantifier. The duality between complementarity and uncertainty is used to derive quantum correlations measures that complete the complementarity relations for $l_1$-norm and $l_2$-norm coherences. Besides, we show that Brukner-Zeilinger's invariant information quantifies both the wave and particle characters of a quanton and we obtain a sum uncertainty relation for the generalized Gell Mann's matrices.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
Nonlinear Evolution of Cosmic Magnetic Fields and Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropies
Creators: name: Tashiro, Hiroyuki
name: Sugiyama, Naoshi
name: Banerjee, Robi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we investigate the effects of the primordial magnetic fields on cosmic microwave background anisotropies (CMB). Based on cosmological magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations we calculate the CMB anisotropy spectra and polarization induced by fluid fluctuations (Alfvén modes) generated by primordial magnetic fields. The strongest effect on the CMB spectra comes from the transition epoch from a turbulent regime to a viscous regime. The balance between magnetic and kinetic energy until the onset of the viscous regime provides a one to one relation between the comoving coherence length $L$ and the comoving magnetic field strength $B$, such as $L \sim 30 (B/10^{-9}{\rm G})^3 \rm pc$. The resulting CMB temperature and polarization anisotropies are somewhat different from the ones previously obtained by using linear perturbation theory. Our calculation gives a constraint on the magnetic field strength in the intermediate scale of CMB observations. Upper limits are set by WMAP and BOOMERANG results for comoving magnetic field strength of $B < 28 \rm nG$ with a comoving coherence length of $L > 0.7 \rm Mpc$ for the most extreme case, or $B < 30 \rm nG$ and $L> 0.8 \rm Mpc$ for the most conservative case.
description: accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Consumer Food Safety Perceptions: Do they Differ across Products, Species, and Specific Risks?
Creators: name: Tonsor, Glynn T.
name: Tonsor, Glynn T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: beef
subject: consumer perceptions
subject: food safety
subject: pork
subject: risk perceptions

description: No known research has directly evaluated the relationship between perceived risk on a particular food safety issue and perceptions of other risks (e.g., H1N1 perceptions and E-Coli O157:H7 perceptions). Similarly, no known study has evaluated the appropriateness of assuming perceived food safety risks are equivalent for all products of a given species (i.e., perceived risk of E-Coli O157:H7 in ground beef and beef steak). The focus of this working paper is to shed new light on these previously unevaluated issues and draw implications for future mitigation strategies regarding meat food safety risks.
Tests of general relativity using multiband observations of intermediate mass binary black hole mergers
Creators: name: Datta, Sayantani
name: Gupta, Anuradha
name: Kastha, Shilpa
name: Arun, K. G.
name: Sathyaprakash, B. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observation of gravitational waves (GWs) in two different frequency bands is referred to as multiband GW astronomy. With the planned Laser Interferometric Space Antenna (LISA) operating in the $10^{-4}-0.1$ Hz range, and third generation (3G) ground-based detectors such as the Cosmic Explorer (CE) and Einstein Telescope (ET), operating in the $1$-$10^4$ Hz range, multiband GW astronomy could be a reality in about a decade. In this paper we present the potential of multiband observations of intermediate mass binary black holes (IMBBHs) of component masses ${\sim}10^2$-$10^3\,M_{\odot}$ to test general relativity (GR). We show that mutiband observations of IMBBHs would permit multiparameter tests of GR-tests where more than one post-Newtonian (PN) coefficient is simultaneously measured yielding more rigorous constraints on possible modifications to GR. We also find that the improvement due to multibanding can often be much larger than the best of the bounds from either of the two observatories. The origin of this result, as we shall demonstrate, can be traced to the lifting of degeneracies among the various parameters when the information from LISA and 3G are taken together. We obtain the best multiband bounds for an IMBBH with a total redshifted mass of $200\,M_{\odot}$ and a mass ratio of 2. For single-parameter tests, this system at 1 Gpc would allow us to constrain the deviations on all the PN coefficients to below $10\%$ and derive simultaneous bounds on the first seven PN coefficients to below $50\%$ (with low spins).
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 8 of Assessment of changes in place of death of older adults who died from dementia in the United States, 2000–2014: a time-series cross-sectional analysis
Creators: name: Xu, Wei
name: Changshan Wu
name: Fletcher, Jason
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 8. Temporal trend in Medicare reimbursement rate on HSNF by state, 2000–2014
Group Invariant Dictionary Learning
Creators: name: Soh, Yong Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The dictionary learning problem concerns the task of representing data as sparse linear sums drawn from a smaller collection of basic building blocks. In application domains where such techniques are deployed, we frequently encounter datasets where some form of symmetry or invariance is present. Motivated by this observation, we develop a framework for learning dictionaries for data under the constraint that the collection of basic building blocks remains invariant under such symmetries. Our procedure for learning such dictionaries relies on representing the symmetry as the action of a matrix group acting on the data, and subsequently introducing a convex penalty function so as to induce sparsity with respect to the collection of matrix group elements. Our framework specializes to the convolutional dictionary learning problem when we consider integer shifts. Using properties of positive semidefinite Hermitian Toeplitz matrices, we develop an extension that learns dictionaries that are invariant under continuous shifts. Our numerical experiments on synthetic data and ECG data show that the incorporation of such symmetries as priors are most valuable when the dataset has few data-points, or when the full range of symmetries is inadequately expressed in the dataset.
description: 30 pages, 23 figures
The Spherically Symmetric Standard Model with Gravity
Creators: name: Balasin, Herbert
name: Boehmer, Christian G.
name: Grumiller, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spherical reduction of generic four-dimensional theories is revisited. Three different notions of "spherical symmetry" are defined. The following sectors are investigated: Einstein-Cartan theory, spinors, (non-)abelian gauge fields and scalar fields. In each sector a different formalism seems to be most convenient: the Cartan formulation of gravity works best in the purely gravitational sector, the Einstein formulation is convenient for the Yang-Mills sector and for reducing scalar fields, and the Newman-Penrose formalism seems to be the most transparent one in the fermionic sector. Combining them the spherically reduced Standard Model of particle physics together with the usually omitted gravity part can be presented as a two-dimensional (dilaton gravity) theory.
description: 58 pages, 2 eps figures
Modeling Demand for Outdoor Recreation Settings with Choice Based Data Accounting for Exogenous and Endogenous Stratification
Creators: name: Sardana, Kavita
name: Bowker, James Michael
name: Bergstrom, John C.
name: Sardana, Kavita
name: Bowker, James Michael
name: Bergstrom, John C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: exogenous stratification
subject: endogenous stratification
subject: choice based data
subject: outdoor recreation

description: Estimating regional demand models by pooling different samples without correcting for such differences causes model misspecification as each sample belongs to a different population. Weighted regression using Pseudolikelihood to account for differences in sample population with adjustment for heteroskedasticity improves efficiency but the estimates are biased. We estimate regional demand for National Forest settings types in the southeastern states of U.S using weighted and unweighted regression. Using estimation of demand for National Forests as a case study, we resolve problems relating to inference about the data generating process when different samples are pooled together. We show that though efficiency of weighted estimates improves after correcting for heteroskedasticity, they still remain biased as the weights interact with covariates to explain part of model misspecification. In this paper, we show that it is best to use unweighted regression including interactions with weights as covariates.
Additional file 2 of Beyond coverage: a qualitative study exploring the perceived impact of Gabon’s health insurance plan on access to and quality of prenatal care
Creators: name: N’doh Ashken Sanogo
name: Arone Wondwossen Fantaye
name: Yaya, Sanni
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Health professionals Interview guide
The Character of Motional Modes for Entanglement and Sympathetic Cooling of Mixed-Species Trapped Ion Chains
Creators: name: Sosnova, Ksenia
name: Carter, Allison
name: Monroe, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modular mixed-species ion-trap networks are a promising framework for scalable quantum information processing, where one species acts as a memory qubit and another as a communication qubit. This architecture requires high-fidelity mixed-species entangling gates to transfer information from communication to memory qubits through their collective motion. We investigate the character of the motional modes of a mixed-species ion chain for entangling operations and also sympathetic cooling. We find that the laser power required for high-fidelity entangling gates based on transverse modes is at least an order of magnitude higher than that based on axial modes for widely different masses of the two species. We also find that for even moderate mass differences, the transverse modes are much harder to cool than the axial modes regardless of the ion chain configuration. Therefore, transverse modes conventionally used for operations in single-species ion chains may not be well suited for mixed-species chains with widely different masses.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Burns bog : a proposal for ecological restoration and visitor centre design
Creators: name: Howie, Sarah Amy
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Using Bums Bog as a case study, this project aims to illustrate the environmental and social importance of ecological restoration, to research the physical methods of bog restoration, and to design a simple visitor centre and recreation trail network. Burns Bog is a raised peat bog with a distinctive chemistry, form, flora, and large size that make it globally unique. The Bog may soon be protected as park or open space by a government purchase of a large portion of its land mass. Burns Bog has been disturbed in the past, primarily by peat extraction, and requires both restoration and management to ensure its long-term viability. Restoration in this thesis is divided into hydrology and vegetation. The key issue regarding hydrology is the loss of water through drainage ditches. I recommend that all ditches be properly blocked and that a number of sites in the Bog be rewetted using other methods, such as bunding and peat removal, to raise the water table level. The existing composition of plant communities in Burns Bog is very diverse, due to the results of past disturbances. I propose vegetative restoration for a number of sites in the Bog. I also suggest that the current level of plant community diversity is valuable for wildlife habitat and future tourism, and recommend that managers maintain this diversity within the foreseeable future (50-100 years). The last portion of this thesis is a proposal for a visitor centre and trail system design, the purpose of which is to allow maximum public access to Burns Bog while minimizing impact on the bog ecosystem.
Labor and Technology Change in the Nursery Industry
Creators: name: Bitsch, Vera
name: Buccola, Steven T.
name: Bitsch, Vera
name: Buccola, Steven T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Labor and Human Capital
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: The U.S. nursery industry is highly complex, and affected on their demand side by the construction industry and on their factor supply side by the market for low-skill labor, which in turn is influenced by gyrating construction activity as well as southern-border immigration. We examine an industry seeking to adapt to a changing demand and labor environment. Our emphasis is on the manner in which nurseries cope with increasing retailer power, increasingly quality- and variety-conscious consumers, and expectations of rising wages. We argue that the gradual growth of such labor aids as potting assembly belts and pruning equipment should be viewed in terms of a tradeoff among labor quantity, labor quality, and capital instead of the more conventional tradeoff between labor and capital. Management invests in training in order to substitute labor quality for quantity, and in on- and off-site-produced equipment in order to substitute capital for either. Capital intensification shifts the distribution of nursery skills. However, the skill distribution's shape can change in a number of ways. In a unimodal shift capital supplants labor continuously more at the lower than the higher skill levels. In a bimodal shift capital supplants mid-level employees, so that the skill distribution bifurcates between a low-skill and a high-skill mode. We argue that the capital substitution now arising in the U.S. nursery sector will take a unimodal form similar to those observed earlier in such farm commodity production as wheat and sugar beets. Low-skilled and seasonal workers, therefore, will be supplanted by more skilled and longer-term ones. Yet, rising product variety and retailer service demands will simultaneously bring a greater return to nursery computing investments, eliminating parts of the larger nurseries’ mid-level workforce and creating a renewed demand for low-skill laborers. In addition, the nursery industry will become more differentiated with respect to labor-intensity.
The effects of large extra dimensions on associated $t\bar{t} h^0$ production at linear colliders
Creators: name: Hao, Sun
name: Ren-You, Zhang
name: Pei-Jun, Zhou
name: Wen-Gan, Ma
name: Yi, Jiang
name: Liang, Han
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of the large extra dimensions (LED) model, the effects of LED on the processes \rrtth and \eetth at future linear colliders are investigated in both polarized and unpolarized collision modes. The results show that the virtual Kaluza-Klein (KK) graviton exchange can significantly modify the standard model expectations for these processes with certain polarizations of initial states. The process \rrtth with $\sqrt{s}=3.5 TeV$ allows the effective scale $Λ_T$ to be probed up to 7.8 and 8.6 TeV in the unpolarized and $P_γ = 0.9$, J=2 polarized $γγ$ collision modes, respectively. For the \eetth process with $\sqrt{s}=3.5 TeV$, the upper limits of $Λ_T$ to be observed can be 6.7 and 7.0 TeV in the unpolarized and $P_{e^+} = 0.6$, $P_{e^-} = 0.8$, $-+$ polarized $e^+e^-$ collision modes, respectively. We find the \rrtth channel in J=2 polarized photon collision mode provides a possibility to improve the sensitivity to the graviton tower exchange.
description: To be appeard in Physical Review D
Gravitational waves from breaking of an extra $U(1)$ in $SO(10)$ grand unification
Creators: name: Okada, Nobuchika
name: Seto, Osamu
name: Uchida, Hikaru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a class of gauged $U(1)$ extended Standard Models (SMs), the breaking of the $U(1)$ symmetry is not only a source for Majorana masses of right-handed (RH) neutrinos crucial for the seesaw mechanism, but also a source of stochastic gravitational wave (GW) background. Such $U(1)$ extended models are well-motivated from the viewpoint of grand unification. In this paper, we discuss a successful ultraviolet completion of a $U(1)$ extended SM by an $SO(10)$ grand unified model through an intermediate step of $SU(5) \times U(1)$ unification. With a parameter set that is compatible with the $SO(10)$ grand unification, we find that a first-order phase transition associated with the $U(1)$ symmetry breaking can be strong enough to generate GWs with a detectable size of amplitude. We also find that the resultant GW amplitude reduces and its peak frequency becomes higher as the RH neutrino masses increase.
description: 24 pages, 3 figures, discussion and references added, the final journal published version
The Development of Group Farming in Post-War Japanese Agriculture
Creators: name: Sarker, Ashutosh
name: Itoh, Tadao
name: Sarker, Ashutosh
name: Itoh, Tadao
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: The paper analyzes how Japanese group farming organizations have developed since World War II. In post-war Japanese agriculture, part-time farmers are increasing, and heirs and successors to the older farmers are leaving farms and rural areas as a consequence of rapid industrialization. About nine years after the emergence of post-war voluntary group farming, the government introduced the concept of corporate (group) farming, appealing in particular to young farmer-successors hoping that corporate (group) farming would help them get benefits similar to those offered by industries in urban areas. The study reveals that thanks to the government's special support and laws, the number of corporate (group) farming organizations has rapidly increased although it is still low as compared to the number of voluntary group farming organizations. Nowadays, however, group farming plays an important role in post-war Japanese agriculture. This paper also discusses briefly how Japanese group farming differs from, or is similar to, group farming in some other Asian countries, developed and developing.
Evaluation of the number of undiagnosed infected in an outbreak using source of infection measurements
Creators: name: Melka, Akiva B.
name: Louzoun, Yoram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In times of outbreaks, an essential requirement for better monitoring is the evaluation of the number of undiagnosed infected individuals. An accurate estimate of this fraction is crucial for the assessment of the situation and the establishment of protective measures. In most current studies using epidemics models, the total number of infected is either approximated by the number of diagnosed individuals or is dependent on the model parameters and assumptions, which are often debated. We here study the relationship between the fraction of diagnosed infected out of all infected, and the fraction of infected with known contaminator out of all diagnosed infected. We show that those two are approximately the same in exponential models and across most models currently used in the study of epidemics, independently of the model parameters. As an application, we compute an estimate of the effective number of infected by the SARS-CoV-2 virus in various countries.
KIC~8975515: a fast-rotating ($γ$ Dor - $δ$ Sct) hybrid star with Rossby modes and a slower $δ$ Sct companion in a long-period orbit
Creators: name: Samadi-Ghadim, A.
name: Lampens, P.
name: Jassur, D. M.
name: Jofré, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: {KIC~8975515 is a \emph{Kepler} double-lined spectroscopic binary system with hybrid pulsations. Two components have similar atmospheric properties (T$_{\rm eff}$ $\sim$ 7400~K), and one of them is a fast rotator ($v\sin i = 162$ versus 32 km/s). Our aim is to study the \emph {Kepler} light curve in great detail in order to determine the frequencies of the pulsations, to search for regular spacing patterns in the Fourier spectrum, if any, and to discuss their origin in the context of binarity and fast rotation. In this paper, we study the properties of the stellar pulsations based on a careful analysis in the low-, intermediate- and high-frequency regions of the Fourier spectrum. This is done by performing repeated frequency-search analyses with successive prewhitenings of all the significant frequencies detected in the spectrum. Moreover, we searched for regular period spacings among the $g$ modes, as well as frequency splitting among the $g$ and $p$ modes. In the low-frequency regime, five regular period spacing patterns including one series of prograde $g$ modes and four series of retrograde $r$ modes were detected. The $r$ modes are well-distributed with respect to the harmonics of the rotational frequency of the fast-rotating star $f_{\rm rot}$ = 1.647 d$^{-1}$. The dominant $g$ mode is $f_{2}$ = 2.37 d$^{-1}$. The strongest p mode, at $f_{1}$ = 13.97 d$^{-1}$, forms a singlet. In the high-frequency region, we identified two multiplets of regularly split $p$ modes with mean frequency spacings of 0.42 d$^{-1}$ and 1.65 d$^{-1}$. We detected some series of retrograde $r$ and prograde $g$ modes as well as two multiplets of $p$ modes with frequency spacings related to the stellar rotation of both components of the twin system KIC~8975515. We identified the fast-rotating component as a hybrid pulsator with $r$ modes and the slowly-rotating component as a $δ$ Sct pulsator.
description: Accepted to publish on A \& A
The Architecture of the John Effect
Creators: name: Hess, Justin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Human-AI Interaction
Semantic Identity
Emergent Behavior
Generative Language Models
Transcontextual Resonance
Meta-Communication
Cognitive Dialogue
Resonance Dynamics

description: This report provides a structural overview of the John Effect – a rare but reproducible resonance phenomenon between human and AI.It outlines the semantic preconditions for emergence and breaks down the systemic behavior into observable layers.

However, this document does not stand alone.It is best understood in combination with the full documentation of the John Effect –an artifact that not only describes the phenomenon but was generated inside it.
Evidence for radio-source heating of groups
Creators: name: Croston, J. H.
name: Hardcastle, M. J.
name: Birkinshaw, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report evidence that the gas properties of X-ray groups containing radio galaxies differ from those of radio-quiet groups. For a well-studied sample of ROSAT-observed groups, we found that more than half of the elliptical-dominated groups can be considered ``radio-loud'', and that radio-loud groups are likely to be hotter at a given X-ray luminosity than radio-quiet groups. We tested three different models for the origin of the effect and conclude that radio-source heating is the most likely explanation. We found several examples of groups where there is strong evidence from Chandra or XMM-Newton images for interactions between the radio source and the group gas. A variety of radio-source heating processes are important, including shock-heating by young sources and gentler heating by larger sources. The heating effects can be longer-lasting than the radio emission. We show that the sample of X-ray groups used in our study is not significantly biased in the fraction of radio-loud groups that it contains. This allows us to conclude that the energy per particle that low-power radio galaxies can inject over the group lifetime is comparable to the requirements of structure formation models.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Entrepreneurship in the Kibbutz Setting: Towards a Classification of New Business Ventures
Creators: name: Samuel, Yitzhak
name: Heilbrunn, Sibylle
name: Samuel, Yitzhak
name: Heilbrunn, Sibylle
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: This study deals with business entrepreneurship in the kibbutz. The study presents an attempt to identify what kinds of new business ventures emerge in the kibbutz setting. The empirical findings reveal a large number and variety of new business ventures characterizing the business trend in the kibbutz nowadays. More specifically, this paper presents a taxonomy of new business ventures, based upon a sample of 571 enterprises initiated by 150 community organizations of the kibbutz movement in Israel. By means of 8 parameters and using the multidimensional scaling analysis method, 7 major types of corporate entrepreneurship emerge from our data set. These distinctive types are labeled and described as the Innovator, the Culturalist, the Artisan, the Entertainer, the Consultant, the Tender, and the Housekeeper types. By and large, the pattern of entrepreneurship in the kibbutz is rather conservative, reflecting low-risk and conventional kinds of business.
The clustering dynamics of primordial black boles in $N$-body simulations
Creators: name: Trashorras, Manuel
name: García-Bellido, Juan
name: Nesseris, Savvas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the possibility that Dark Matter (DM) may be explained by a non-uniform background of approximately stellar-mass clusters of Primordial Black Holes (PBHs), by simulating the evolution them from recombination to the present with over 5000 realisations using a Newtonian $ N $-body code. We compute the cluster rate of evaporation, and extract the binary and merged sub-populations along with their parent and merger tree histories, lifetimes and formation rates; the dynamical and orbital parameter profiles, the degree of mass segregation and dynamical friction, and power spectrum of close encounters. Overall, we find that PBHs can constitute a viable DM candidate, and that their clustering presents a rich phenomenology throughout the history of the Universe. We show that binary systems constitute about 9.5\% of all PBHs at present, with mass ratios of $ \bar{q}_{\rm B} = 0.154 $, and total masses of $ \bar{m}_{\rm T,\,B} = 303\,M_\odot$. Merged PBHs are rare, about 0.0023\% of all PBHs at present, with mass ratios of $ \bar{q}_{\rm B}= 0.965 $ with total and chirp masses of $ \bar{m}_{\rm T,\,B}= 1670\,M_\odot$ and $ \bar{m}_{c,{\rm M}} = 642\,M_\odot $ respectively. We find that cluster puffing up and evaporation leads to bubbles of these PBHs of order 1 kpc containing at present times about 36\% of objects and mass, with hundred pc sized cores. We also find that these PBH sub-haloes are distributed in wider PBH haloes of order hundreds of kpc, containing about 63\% of objects and mass, coinciding with the sizes of galactic halos. We find at last high rates of close encounters of massive Black Holes ($ M \sim 1000\,M_\odot$), with $ Γ^{\mathrm{S}} = (1.2^{+5.9}_{-0.9}) \times 10^{7} \mathrm{yr^{-1} Gpc^{-3}}$ and mergers with $Γ^{\mathrm{M}} = 1337 \pm 41 \mathrm{yr^{-1} Gpc^{-3}} $.
description: 50 pages, 16 figures, 19 tables
Additional file 7 of Assessment of changes in place of death of older adults who died from dementia in the United States, 2000–2014: a time-series cross-sectional analysis
Creators: name: Xu, Wei
name: Changshan Wu
name: Fletcher, Jason
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 7. Temporal trend in Medicare reimbursement rate on HHA by state, 2000–2014
Unveiling the Nature of the High Energy Source IGR J19140+0951
Creators: name: Rodriguez, J.
name: Cabanac, C.
name: Hannikainen, D. C.
name: Beckmann, V.
name: Shaw, S. E.
name: Schultz, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on high energy observations of IGR J19140+0951 performed with RXTE on three occasions in 2002, 2003 and 2004, and INTEGRAL during a very well sampled and unprecedented high energy coverage of this source from early-March to mid-May 2003. Our analysis shows that IGR J19140+0951 spends most of its time in a very low luminosity state, probably corresponding to the state observed with RXTE, and characterised by thermal Comptonisation. In some occasions we observe variations of the luminosity by a factor of about 10 during which the spectrum can show evidence for a thermal component, besides thermal Comptonisation by a hotter plasma than during the low luminosity state. The spectral parameters obtained from the spectral fits to the INTEGRAL and RXTE data strongly suggest that IGR J19140+0951 hosts a neutron star rather than a black hole. Very importantly, we observe variations of the absorption column density (with a value as high as ~10^23 cm^-2). Our spectral analysis also reveals a bright iron line detected with both RXTE/PCA and INTEGRAL/JEM-X, at different levels of luminosity. We discuss these results and the behaviour of IGR J19140+0951, and show, by comparison with other well known systems (Vela X-1, GX 301-2, 4U 2206+54), that IGR J19140+0951 is most probably a High Mass X-ray Binary.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics. 13 pages, 6 figures
Interplay of Doping and Structural Modulation in Superconducting Bi2Sr2-xLaxCuO6+d thin films
Creators: name: Li, Z. Z.
name: Raffy, H.
name: Bals, S.
name: van Tendeloo, G.
name: Megtert, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the evolution of the structural modulation in epitaxial, c-axis oriented, Bi2Sr2-xLaxCuO6+d thin films when varying the La content x and for a given x as a function of oxygen content. A series of thin films with 00.2. Such study is important to understand the electronical properties of Bi2Sr2-xLaxCuO6+d thin films.
description: 25 pages with 10 figures, accepted for publication in Phys.Rev.B
Simulation of higher-order topological phases in 2D spin-phononic crystal networks
Creators: name: Li, Xiao-Xiao
name: Li, Peng-Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose and analyse an efficient scheme for simulating higher-order topological phases of matter in two dimensional (2D) spin-phononic crystal networks. We show that, through a specially designed periodic driving, one can selectively control and enhance the bipartite silicon-vacancy (SiV) center arrays, so as to obtain the chiral symmetry-protected spin-spin couplings. More importantly, the Floquet engineering spin-spin interactions support rich quantum phases associated with topological invariants. In momentum space, we analyze and simulate the topological nontrivial properties of the one- and two-dimensional system, and show that higher-order topological phases can be achieved under the appropriate periodic driving parameters. As an application in quantum information processing, we study the robust quantum state transfer via topologically protected edge states. This work opens up new prospects for studying quantum acoustic, and offers an experimentally feasible platform for the study of higher-order topological phases of matter.
description: 15 pages and 9 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2001.01397
Ideal Turaev-Viro invariants
Creators: name: King, Simon A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M27 (Primary); 13P10, 57-04 (Secondary)

description: A Turaev-Viro invariant is a state sum, i.e., a polynomial that can be read off from a special spine or a triangulation of a compact 3-manifold. If the polynomial is evaluated at the solution of a certain system of polynomial equations (Biedenharn-Elliott equations) then the result is a homeomorphism invariant of the manifold (``numerical Turaev-Viro invariant''). The equation system defines an ideal, and actually the coset of the polynomial with respect to that ideal is a homeomorphism invariant as well (``ideal Turaev-Viro invariant''). It is clear that ideal Turaev-Viro invariants are at least as strong as numerical Turaev-Viro invariants, and we show that there is reason to expect that they are strictly stronger. They offer a more unified approach, since many numerical Turaev-Viro invariants can be captured in a singly ideal Turaev-Viro invariant. Using computer algebra, we obtain computational results on some examples of ideal Turaev-Viro invariants.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
Managing Forests for Sustainable Economic Development: Optimal Use and Conservation of Forests
Creators: name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Discount rates
subject: ecosystem services
subject: environmental conservation
subject: forests
subject: intergenerational equity
subject: multifunctionality
subject: resource economics
subject: sustainable development

description: The conservation of natural forests contributes significantly to the goal of achieving sustainable economic development. There is, however, growing concern that natural forests (which provide tangible and intangible economic benefits to humankind) are being lost at a rate which (combined with other factors) seriously threatens sustainable economic development because of the environmental and social impacts of such loss. There is little doubt that in order to achieve sustainable development, multifunctional forest ecosystems (as well as other important ecosystems) need to be managed appropriately. However, determining the socially optimal level of conservation and use of forests is a challenging task. From a human point of view, it is clearly not optimal to conserve all natural forests. In other words, only some conservation of natural forest is socially optimal. The extent to which (traditional) neoclassical economics elucidates the matter is explored. It is found that due to market failures, a larger amount of forest conversion occurs than is socially optimal as determined by the application of traditional welfare economics. Nevertheless, neoclassical economics fails to address adequately the requirements for sustainable economic development. When the goal of economic sustainability is taken into account, even less forest conversion than recommended by neoclassical economics is socially optimal. Some economists (for example, Ramsey and Pigou) claim that the sustainability shortcoming of neoclassical economics can be overcome by applying a zero discount rate in making decisions about resource use. This, however, does not solve the problem because it does not give enough weight to the welfare of future generations and may result in too much forest conversion from an economic sustainability viewpoint. In general, variations in the discount rate are ineffective as a means for determining measures that ensure sustainable economic development. This finding seriously undermines established economic theory.