cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
MATN VA GRAFIK MUHARRIRLARI BO'LIMINI O'QITISH METODIKASI
Creators: name: Normurodova, Sadoqat
name: Ergashova, Dilrabo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Matn va grafik muharrirlari bo‘limini o‘qitish metodikasi matnni yaratish, tahrirlash va grafikalashtirish bo‘yicha o‘quvchilarga keng qamrovli bilim va ko‘nikmalar beradi. O‘quvchilar matn muharrirlaridan (Microsoft Word, Google Docs) va grafik muharrirlaridan (Adobe Photoshop, Illustrator, Canva) samarali foydalanishni o‘rganadilar. Ushbu metodika, matnni tahrirlash, tasvirlarni yaratish va dizayn elementlarini qo‘llashni o‘rgatish orqali o‘quvchilarda kreativ fikrlash va vizual kommunikatsiya ko‘nikmalarini rivojlantiradi. Matn va grafik muharrirlaridan foydalangan holda o‘quvchilar maketlar, infografikalar, reklama bannerlari, taqdimotlar, va boshqa vizual materiallar yaratadilar. Metodika o‘quvchilarga dizayn va matn yaratishda vizual va estetik tamoyillarni o‘rgatish bilan birga, grafikalarning ma’lumotlarni samarali taqdim etishda qanday rol o‘ynashini tushunishga yordam beradi.
The effect that robots instead of spacemen landing on mars can have on spacecraft development
Creators: name: Cokley, John
name: Angus, Daniel
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: The space race of the 1960s attracted a concentrated peak in space funding which has not since been repeated. Based on a novel methodology of new Internet-sourced, computer-driven visual text analytic techniques, this study suggests that the advances in engineering technologies supported by this funding — especially robotic, unmanned missions to space involving international cooperation such as the 2012 Curiosity landing on Mars — have resulted in decreased public interest, engagement, understanding of and ultimately support for space exploration and ultimately human-carrying spacecraft development. We suggest consequences for public interaction with, and political and economic support for future spacecraft development.
Physical activity training in US medical schools: Preparing future physicians to engage in primary prevention
Creators: name: Stoutenberg, Mark
name: Stasi, Selina
name: Stamatakis, Emmanuel
name: Danek, Dagmara
name: Dufour, Taylor
name: Trilk, Jennifer L.
name: Blair, Steven N.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Meta Science

description: Background: Medical professionals serve as influential sources of information and guidance for their patients. Medical school may be an opportune time to provide future physicians with training in physical activity (PA) so that it can be more effectively addressed in clinical practice. Methods: To assess the inclusion and amount of PA training in US medical school curricula, we attempted to conduct structured interviews with the program directors of the 171 accredited US medical education programs in the spring of 2013. Results: Seventy-four schools (allopathic, n = 64; osteopathic, n = 10) completed the structured interviews. Fifty-eight programs (78.4%) reported having PA training included as a part of their curriculum. Thirty-five (61.4%) and 25 (43.9%) programs included instruction on national aerobic and strength training guidelines, respectively. Thirty-one programs (56.4%) felt that they offered a sufficient level of PA-related training for their students to successfully counsel their patients in the future. Over the 4 years of medical school, an average of 8.1 (± 9.8) h of mandatory PA training was offered. Conclusion: Though many medical schools report providing some level of PA content, the time dedicated for this training is still low in comparison to other topics, such as nutrition education, which are featured more prominently. New and innovative ideas are needed for the integration of more, higher quality PA training for our next generation of medical practitioners.
MULTITuDE: Large-Scale Multilingual Machine-Generated Text Detection Benchmark
Creators: name: Macko, Dominik
name: Moro, Robert
name: Uchendu, Adaku
name: Lucas, Jason Samuel
name: Yamashita, Michiharu
name: Pikuliak, Matúš
name: Srba, Ivan
name: Le, Thai
name: Lee, Dongwon
name: Simko, Jakub
name: Bielikova, Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: There is a lack of research into capabilities of recent LLMs to generate convincing text in languages other than English and into performance of detectors of machine-generated text in multilingual settings. This is also reflected in the available benchmarks which lack authentic texts in languages other than English and predominantly cover older generators. To fill this gap, we introduce MULTITuDE, a novel benchmarking dataset for multilingual machine-generated text detection comprising of 74,081 authentic and machine-generated texts in 11 languages (ar, ca, cs, de, en, es, nl, pt, ru, uk, and zh) generated by 8 multilingual LLMs. Using this benchmark, we compare the performance of zero-shot (statistical and black-box) and fine-tuned detectors. Considering the multilinguality, we evaluate 1) how these detectors generalize to unseen languages (linguistically similar as well as dissimilar) and unseen LLMs and 2) whether the detectors improve their performance when trained on multiple languages.
Convergence bounds for empirical nonlinear least-squares
Creators: name: Eigel, Martin
name: Trunschke, Philipp
name: Schneider, Reinhold
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Multivariate approximation
subject: restricted isometry property
subject: weighted least squares
subject: tensor representation
subject: convergence rates
subject: error analysis
subject: nonlinear approximation
subject: conditional sampling
subject: 41A10
subject: 41A25
subject: 41A65
subject: 62E17
subject: 93E24

description: We consider best approximation problems in a nonlinear subset of a Banach space of functions. The norm is assumed to be a generalization of the L2 norm for which only a weighted Monte Carlo estimate can be computed. The objective is to obtain an approximation of an unknown target function by minimizing the empirical norm. In the case of linear subspaces it is well-known that such least squares approximations can become inaccurate and unstable when the number of samples is too close to the number of parameters. We review this statement for general nonlinear subsets and establish error bounds for the empirical best approximation error. Our results are based on a restricted isometry property (RIP) which holds in probability and we show sufficient conditions for the RIP to be satisfied with high probability. Several model classes are examined where analytical statements can be made about the RIP. Numerical experiments illustrate some of the obtained stability bounds.
PAHs in Indoor and Outdoor Air from Decentralized Heating Energy Production: Comparison of Active and Passive Sampling
Creators: name: Kauneliene, Violeta
name: Krugly, Edvinas
name: Kliucininkas, Linas
name: Stasiulaitiene, Inga
name: Prasauskas, Tadas
name: Auzbikaviciute, Agne
name: Per-Anders Bergqvist
name: Tomsej, Tomas
name: Martuzevicius, Dainius
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Spatial and temporal variation of vapor- and particle-phase polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was determined in six urban and sub-urban locations in Kaunas, Lithuania during heating and non heating seasons. Two different sampling methodologies were used: passive (based on semipermeable membrane device, SPMD) and active (based on collection on filter and sorption). Sixteen priority PAHs as well as methylated PAHs were quantified in the collected samples. The sampled total amount of 16 PAHs investigated in SPMDs ranged from 10–138 ng/day outdoors, from 5–59 ng/day indoors during the winter sampling campaign. In summer these amounts varied from 11–19 ng/day outdoors and from 19–27 ng/day indoors. The total concentrations of vapor and particle-phase PAH in winter in actively taken samples varied from 49–286 ng/m3 outdoors and from 28–83 ng/m3 indoors. Seasonal differences as well as the influence of the fuel burning for domestic heating purposes on the PAH concentration outdoors were well reflected by the data obtained using the SPMD methodology.
The impact of fire effluents on cultural heritage objects
Creators: name: Legan, Lea
name: Retko, Klara
name: Kavčič, Maša
name: Knez, Friderik
name: Ropret, Polonca
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: This research focuses on preparation of model samples with traditional paints and binders, exposure of the samples to effluents from burning different wood fuels, and utilisation of analytical techniques for assessment of chemical changes of the samples.
Primordial black holes generated by fast-roll mechanism in non-canonical natural inflation
Creators: name: Heydari, Soma
name: Karami, Kayoomars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, a new fast-roll (FR) mechanism to generate primordial black holes (PBHs) and gravitational waves (GWs) in generalized non-canonical natural inflation is introduced. In this model, choosing a suitable function for non-canonical mass scale parameter $M(ϕ)$ gives rise to produce a cliff-like region in the field evolution path. When inflaton rolls down the steep cliff, its kinetic energy during a FR stage increases in comparison with a slow-roll (SR) stage. Hence, seeds of PBH production are born in this transient FR stage. Depending on the position of the cliff, appropriate cases of PBHs for explaining total dark matter (DM), microlensing effects, LIGO-VIRGO events and NANOGrav 15 year data can be formed. The density spectrum of GWs related to one case of the model lies in the NANOGrav 15 year domain and behaves like $Ω_{\rm GW_0}\sim f^{5-γ}$. The spectral index $γ=3.42$ for this case satisfies the NANOGrav 15 year constraint. Moreover, regarding reheating considerations, it is demonstrated that PBHs are born in the radiation-dominated (RD) era. Furthermore, viability of the model in light of theoretical swampland criteria and observational constraints on cosmic microwave background (CMB) scales are illustrated.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures, 5 tables
Toward the development of smart and low cost point-of-care biosensors based on screen printed electrodes
Creators: name: Minhaz Uddin Ahmed
name: Hossain, Mohammad Mosharraf
name: Mohammadali Safavieh
name: Wong, Yen Lu
name: Rahman, Ibrahim Abd
name: Zourob, Mohammed
name: Tamiya, Eiichi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Screen printing technology provides a cheap and easy means to fabricate disposable electrochemical devices in bulk quantities which are used for rapid, low-cost, on-site, real-time and recurrent industrial, pharmaceutical or environmental analyses. Recent developments in micro-fabrication and nano-characterization made it possible to screen print reproducible feature on materials including plastics, ceramics and metals. The processed features forms screen-printed disposable biochip (SPDB) upon the application of suitable bio-chemical recognition receptors following appropriate methods. Adequacy of biological and non-biological materials is the key to successful biochip development. We can further improve recognition ability of SPDBs by adopting new screen printed electrode (SPE) configurations. This review covers screen-printing theory with special emphasis on the technical impacts of SPE architectures, surface treatments, operational stability and signal sensitivity. The application of SPE in different areas has also been summarized. The article aims to highlight the state-of-the-art of SPDB at the laboratory scale to enable us in envisaging the deployment of emerging SPDB technology on the commercial scale.
One-pot synthesis of N-phenyl-N′-(arylcarbonothioyl)-N-arylhydrazide derivatives from hydrazonoyl chlorides with sodium sulfide and aryldiazonium salts
Creators: name: Hashemi, Seyed Abolghasem
name: Gholamhossein Khalili
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Chemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: ABSTRACTThe one-pot synthesis of N-phenyl-N′-(arylcarbonothioyl)-N-arylhydrazides is described by the reaction between two equiv. of hydrazonoyl chloride and sodium sulfide in the presence of aryldiazonium fluoroborates in DMF at room temperature.
Three-dimensional parallel recording with a Debye diffraction-limited and aberration-free volumetric multifocal array
Creators: name: Ren, Haoran
name: Lin, Han
name: Li, Xiangping
name: Gu, Min
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: In this Letter, we report on the generation of high-quality Debye diffraction-limited volumetric multifocal arrays. The multifocal arrays with a uniformity of 0.99 over the entire focal region of a high numerical-aperture objective are volumetrically generated by using the vectorial Debye-based three-dimensional (3D) Fourier-transform method, through the accurate phase modulation on an Ewald cap. Thus, this method is capable of dynamic spherical aberration compensation. Applying this feature into 3D parallel aberration-free optical recording reveals a significant increase in the throughput by two orders of magnitude.
Theory of correlated Chern insulators in twisted bilayer graphene
Creators: name: Wang, Xiaoyu
name: Vafek, Oskar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene is the best studied physical platform featuring moire potential induced narrow bands with non-trivial topology and strong electronic correlations. Despite their significance, the Chern insulating states observed at a finite magnetic field -- and extrapolating to a band filling, $s$, at zero field -- remain poorly understood. Unraveling their nature is among the most important open problems in the province of moiré materials. Here we present the first comprehensive study of interacting electrons in finite magnetic field while varying the electron density, twist angle and heterostrain. Within a panoply of correlated Chern phases emerging at a range of twist angles, we uncover a unified description for the ubiquitous sequence of states with the Chern number $t$ for $(s,t)=\pm (0,4), \pm(1,3),\pm(2,2)$ and $\pm(3,1)$. We also find correlated Chern insulators at unconventional sequences with $s+t\neq \pm 4$, as well as with fractional $s$, and elucidate their nature.
description: major revisions compared to the v2, including refined B-SCHF algorithm, and connections to B=0 physics of TBG
Probing Hidden Dimensions via Muon Lifetime Measurements
Creators: name: Russo, Jorge G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of Kaluza-Klein theories, the time dilation of charged particles in an external field depends on the charge in a specific way. Experimental tests are proposed to search for extra dimensions using this distinctive feature.
description: V2. Expanded and detailed version of a paper that received an Honorable Mention in the Gravity Research Foundation 2024 Awards. 12 pages
Toward the development of smart and low cost point-of-care biosensors based on screen printed electrodes
Creators: name: Minhaz Uddin Ahmed
name: Hossain, Mohammad Mosharraf
name: Mohammadali Safavieh
name: Wong, Yen Lu
name: Rahman, Ibrahim Abd
name: Zourob, Mohammed
name: Tamiya, Eiichi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Screen printing technology provides a cheap and easy means to fabricate disposable electrochemical devices in bulk quantities which are used for rapid, low-cost, on-site, real-time and recurrent industrial, pharmaceutical or environmental analyses. Recent developments in micro-fabrication and nano-characterization made it possible to screen print reproducible feature on materials including plastics, ceramics and metals. The processed features forms screen-printed disposable biochip (SPDB) upon the application of suitable bio-chemical recognition receptors following appropriate methods. Adequacy of biological and non-biological materials is the key to successful biochip development. We can further improve recognition ability of SPDBs by adopting new screen printed electrode (SPE) configurations. This review covers screen-printing theory with special emphasis on the technical impacts of SPE architectures, surface treatments, operational stability and signal sensitivity. The application of SPE in different areas has also been summarized. The article aims to highlight the state-of-the-art of SPDB at the laboratory scale to enable us in envisaging the deployment of emerging SPDB technology on the commercial scale.
Ghost Problem, Spectrum Identities and Various Constraints on Brane-localized Gravity
Creators: name: Miao, Rong-Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper investigates the brane-localized interactions, including DGP gravity and higher derivative (HD) gravity localized on the brane. We derive the effective action on the brane, which suggests the brane-localized HD gravity suffers the ghost problem generally. Besides, we obtain novel algebraic identities of the mass spectrum, which reveal the global nature and can characterize the phase transformation of the mass spectrum. We get a powerful ghost-free condition from the spectrum identities, which rules out one type of brane-localized HD gravity. We further prove the mass spectrum is real and non-negative $m^2\ge 0$ under the ghost-free condition.
 Furthermore, we discuss various constraints on parameters of brane-localized gravity in AdS/BCFT and wedge holography, respectively. They include the ghost-free condition of Kaluza-Klein and brane-bending modes, the positive definiteness of boundary central charges, and entanglement entropy. The ghost-free condition imposes strict constraint, which requires non-negative couplings for pure DGP gravity and Gauss-Bonnet gravity on the brane. It also rules out one class of brane-localized HD gravity. Thus, such HD gravity should be understood as a low-energy effective theory on the brane under the ghost energy scale. Finally, we briefly discuss the applications of our results.
description: 57 pages, 7 figures, prove novel spectrum identities and analytical ghost-free conditions for brane-localized gravity, revision published in JHEP
Sample-Efficient Constrained Reinforcement Learning with General Parameterization
Creators: name: Mondal, Washim Uddin
name: Aggarwal, Vaneet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider a constrained Markov Decision Problem (CMDP) where the goal of an agent is to maximize the expected discounted sum of rewards over an infinite horizon while ensuring that the expected discounted sum of costs exceeds a certain threshold. Building on the idea of momentum-based acceleration, we develop the Primal-Dual Accelerated Natural Policy Gradient (PD-ANPG) algorithm that ensures an $ε$ global optimality gap and $ε$ constraint violation with $\tilde{\mathcal{O}}((1-γ)^{-7}ε^{-2})$ sample complexity for general parameterized policies where $γ$ denotes the discount factor. This improves the state-of-the-art sample complexity in general parameterized CMDPs by a factor of $\mathcal{O}((1-γ)^{-1}ε^{-2})$ and achieves the theoretical lower bound in $ε^{-1}$.
IN03196 Pālamōṭṭai Slab Inscription
Creators: name: Paranavitana, S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: IN03196
Epigraphia Zeylanica
Pālamōṭṭai

description: IN03196 Pālamōṭṭai Slab Inscription - Transcript and Translation Source: Paranavitana, S. (1934–41). ‘No. 24. A Tamil Slab-Inscription from Pālamōṭṭai,’ Epigraphia Zeylanica 4, pp. 191–196.
5-Day repeated inhalation and 28-day post-exposure study of graphene
Creators: name: Shin, Jae Hoon
name: Han, Sung Gu
name: Kim, Jin Kwon
name: Kim, Boo Wook
name: Hwang, Joo Hwan
name: Lee, Jong Seong
name: Lee, Ji Hyun
name: Baek, Jin Ee
name: Kim, Tae Gyu
name: Kim, Keun Soo
name: Lee, Heon Sang
name: Song, Nam Woong
name: Kangho Ahn
name: Yu, Il Je
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biochemistry

description: Graphene has recently been attracting increasing attention due to its unique electronic and chemical properties and many potential applications in such fields as semiconductors, energy storage, flexible electronics, biosensors and medical imaging. However, the toxicity of graphene in the case of human exposure has not yet been clarified. Thus, a 5-day repeated inhalation toxicity study of graphene was conducted using a nose-only inhalation system for male Sprague-Dawley rats. A total of three groups (20 rats per group) were compared: (1) control (ambient air), (2) low concentration (0.68 ± 0.14 mg/m3 graphene) and (3) high concentration (3.86 ± 0.94 mg/m3 graphene). The rats were exposed to graphene for 6 h/day for 5 days, followed by recovery for 1, 3, 7 or 28 days. The bioaccumulation and macrophage ingestion of the graphene were evaluated in the rat lungs. The exposure to graphene did not change the body weights or organ weights of the rats after the 5-day exposure and during the recovery period. No statistically significant difference was observed in the levels of lactate dehydrogenase, protein and albumin between the exposed and control groups. However, graphene ingestion by alveolar macrophages was observed in the exposed groups. Therefore, these results suggest that the 5-day repeated exposure to graphene only had a minimal toxic effect at the concentrations and time points used in this study.
Primordial Black Holes with QCD Color Charge
Creators: name: Alonso-Monsalve, Elba
name: Kaiser, David I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a realistic mechanism whereby black holes with significant QCD color charge could have formed during the early universe. Primordial black holes (PBHs) could make up a significant fraction of the dark matter if they formed well before the QCD confinement transition. Such PBHs would form by absorbing unconfined quarks and gluons, and hence could acquire a net color charge. We estimate the number of PBHs per Hubble volume with near-extremal color charge for various scenarios, and discuss possible phenomenological implications.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure, plus Supplemental Material section. Minor edits to match published version, forthcoming in Physical Review Letters
The fundamental manifold of spiral galaxies: ordered versus random motions and the morphology dependence of the Tully-Fisher relation
Creators: name: Tonini, C.
name: Jones, D. H.
name: Mould, Jeremy
name: Webster, R. L.
name: Danilovich, T.
name: Ozbilgen, S.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: We investigate the morphology dependence of the Tully-Fisher relation, and the expansion of the relation into a three-dimensional manifold defined by luminosity, total circular velocity and a third dynamical parameter, to fully characterise spiral galaxies across all morphological types. We use a semi-analytic hierarchical model of galaxy evolution to build the theoretical TF relation. With this tool, we analyse a unique dataset of galaxies for which we cross-match luminosity with total circular velocity and central velocity dispersion. We provide a theoretical framework to calculate such measurable quantities from semi-analytic models. We establish the morphology dependence of the TF relation in both model and data. We analyse the dynamical properties of the model galaxies and determine that the parameter 'sigma/Vc', i.e. the ratio between random and total motions defined by velocity dispersion and circular velocity, accurately characterises the varying slope of the TF relation for different model galaxy types. We apply these dynamical cuts to the observed galaxies and find that such selection produces a differential slope of the TF relation. The TF slope in different ranges of 'sigma/Vc' is consistent with that for the photometric classification in Sa, Sb, Sc. We conclude that 'sigma/Vc' is a good parameter to classify galaxy type, and we argue that such classification based on dynamics more closely mirrors the physical properties of the observed galaxies, compared to visual classification. We also argue that dynamical classification is useful for samples where eye inspection is not reliable or impractical. We conclude that 'sigma/Vc' is a suitable parameter to characterise the hierarchical assembly history that determines the disk-to-bulge ratio, and to expand the TF relation into a three-dimensional manifold, defined by luminosity, circular velocity and 'sigma/Vc'.
There is no 290-Theorem for higher degree forms
Creators: name: Kala, Vitezslav
name: Prakash, Om
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the universality of forms of degrees greater than 2 over rings of integers of totally real number fields. We show that such universal forms always exist, but cannot be characterized by any variant of the 290-Theorem of Bhargava-Hanke.
description: 12 pages, to appear in Math. Nachr
One-pot synthesis of N-phenyl-N′-(arylcarbonothioyl)-N-arylhydrazide derivatives from hydrazonoyl chlorides with sodium sulfide and aryldiazonium salts
Creators: name: Hashemi, Seyed Abolghasem
name: Gholamhossein Khalili
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Chemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: The one-pot synthesis of N-phenyl-N′-(arylcarbonothioyl)-N-arylhydrazides is described by the reaction between two equiv. of hydrazonoyl chloride and sodium sulfide in the presence of aryldiazonium fluoroborates in DMF at room temperature.
title: Rio Grand Valley Artificial Reef
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: Endangered Species Act - Section 7 Consultation Biological Opinion SWG-2015-00746, Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, Artificial Reef Deployment, Port Isabel, Cameron County, Texas
Creators: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. Southeast Region
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. Southeast Region
Year: 2024

description: SERO-2023-00238
Unveiling Energy Efficiency in Deep Learning: Measurement, Prediction, and Scoring across Edge Devices
Creators: name: Tu, Xiaolong
name: Mallik, Anik
name: Chen, Dawei
name: Han, Kyungtae
name: Altintas, Onur
name: Wang, Haoxin
name: Xie, Jiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.11

description: Today, deep learning optimization is primarily driven by research focused on achieving high inference accuracy and reducing latency. However, the energy efficiency aspect is often overlooked, possibly due to a lack of sustainability mindset in the field and the absence of a holistic energy dataset. In this paper, we conduct a threefold study, including energy measurement, prediction, and efficiency scoring, with an objective to foster transparency in power and energy consumption within deep learning across various edge devices. Firstly, we present a detailed, first-of-its-kind measurement study that uncovers the energy consumption characteristics of on-device deep learning. This study results in the creation of three extensive energy datasets for edge devices, covering a wide range of kernels, state-of-the-art DNN models, and popular AI applications. Secondly, we design and implement the first kernel-level energy predictors for edge devices based on our kernel-level energy dataset. Evaluation results demonstrate the ability of our predictors to provide consistent and accurate energy estimations on unseen DNN models. Lastly, we introduce two scoring metrics, PCS and IECS, developed to convert complex power and energy consumption data of an edge device into an easily understandable manner for edge device end-users. We hope our work can help shift the mindset of both end-users and the research community towards sustainability in edge computing, a principle that drives our research. Find data, code, and more up-to-date information at https://amai-gsu.github.io/DeepEn2023.
description: This paper has been accepted by ACM/IEEE Symposium on Edge Computing (SEC '23)
Eddeep: Fast eddy-current distortion correction for diffusion MRI with deep learning
Creators: name: Legouhy, Antoine
name: Callaghan, Ross
name: Stee, Whitney
name: Peigneux, Philippe
name: Azadbakht, Hojjat
name: Zhang, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Modern diffusion MRI sequences commonly acquire a large number of volumes with diffusion sensitization gradients of differing strengths or directions. Such sequences rely on echo-planar imaging (EPI) to achieve reasonable scan duration. However, EPI is vulnerable to off-resonance effects, leading to tissue susceptibility and eddy-current induced distortions. The latter is particularly problematic because it causes misalignment between volumes, disrupting downstream modelling and analysis. The essential correction of eddy distortions is typically done post-acquisition, with image registration. However, this is non-trivial because correspondence between volumes can be severely disrupted due to volume-specific signal attenuations induced by varying directions and strengths of the applied gradients. This challenge has been successfully addressed by the popular FSL~Eddy tool but at considerable computational cost. We propose an alternative approach, leveraging recent advances in image processing enabled by deep learning (DL). It consists of two convolutional neural networks: 1) An image translator to restore correspondence between images; 2) A registration model to align the translated images. Results demonstrate comparable distortion estimates to FSL~Eddy, while requiring only modest training sample sizes. This work, to the best of our knowledge, is the first to tackle this problem with deep learning. Together with recently developed DL-based susceptibility correction techniques, they pave the way for real-time preprocessing of diffusion MRI, facilitating its wider uptake in the clinic.
description: accepted in MICCAI 2024 conference
Automating the Correctness Assessment of AI-generated Code for Security Contexts
Creators: name: Cotroneo, Domenico
name: Foggia, Alessio
name: Improta, Cristina
name: Liguori, Pietro
name: Natella, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Evaluating the correctness of code generated by AI is a challenging open problem. In this paper, we propose a fully automated method, named ACCA, to evaluate the correctness of AI-generated code for security purposes. The method uses symbolic execution to assess whether the AI-generated code behaves as a reference implementation. We use ACCA to assess four state-of-the-art models trained to generate security-oriented assembly code and compare the results of the evaluation with different baseline solutions, including output similarity metrics, widely used in the field, and the well-known ChatGPT, the AI-powered language model developed by OpenAI. Our experiments show that our method outperforms the baseline solutions and assesses the correctness of the AI-generated code similar to the human-based evaluation, which is considered the ground truth for the assessment in the field. Moreover, ACCA has a very strong correlation with the human evaluation (Pearson's correlation coefficient r=0.84 on average). Finally, since it is a fully automated solution that does not require any human intervention, the proposed method performs the assessment of every code snippet in ~0.17s on average, which is definitely lower than the average time required by human analysts to manually inspect the code, based on our experience.
How do Primordial Black Holes change the Halo Mass Function and Structure?
Creators: name: Zhang, Saiyang
name: Bromm, Volker
name: Liu, Boyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the effects of massive primordial black holes (PBHs) on cosmic structure formation, employing both a semi-analytical approach and cosmological simulations. Our simulations incorporate PBHs with a monochromatic mass distribution centered around $10^6 \ \rm M_{\odot}$, constituting a fraction of $10^{-2}$ to $10^{-4}$ of the dark matter (DM) in the universe, with the remainder being collision-less particle dark matter (PDM). Additionally, we conduct a $Λ$CDM simulation for comparative analysis with runs that include PBHs. At smaller scales, halos containing PBHs exhibit similar density and velocity dispersion profiles to those without PBHs. Conversely, at larger scales, PBHs can expedite the formation of massive halos and reside at their centers due to the `seed effect'. To analyze the relative distribution of PBH host halos compared to non-PBH halos, we apply nearest-neighbor (NN) statistics. Our results suggest that PBH host halos, through gravitational influence, significantly impact the structure formation process, compared to the $Λ$CDM case, by attracting and engulfing nearby newly-formed minihalos. Should PBHs constitute a fraction of DM significantly larger than $\sim$$10^{-3}$, almost all newly-formed halos will be absorbed by PBH-seeded halos. Consequently, our simulations predict a bimodal feature in the halo mass function, with most of the massive halos containing at least one PBH at their core and the rest being less massive non-PBH halos.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures, published by ApJ
NV-LIO: LiDAR-Inertial Odometry using Normal Vectors Towards Robust SLAM in Multifloor Environments
Creators: name: Chung, Dongha
name: Kim, Jinwhan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Over the last few decades, numerous LiDAR-inertial odometry (LIO) algorithms have been developed, demonstrating satisfactory performance across diverse environments. Most of these algorithms have predominantly been validated in open outdoor environments, however they often encounter challenges in confined indoor settings. In such indoor environments, reliable point cloud registration becomes problematic due to the rapid changes in LiDAR scans and repetitive structural features like walls and stairs, particularly in multifloor buildings. In this paper, we present NV-LIO, a normal vector based LIO framework, designed for simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) in indoor environments with multifloor structures. Our approach extracts the normal vectors from the LiDAR scans and utilizes them for correspondence search to enhance the point cloud registration performance. To ensure robust registration, the distribution of the normal vector directions is analyzed, and situations of degeneracy are examined to adjust the matching uncertainty. Additionally, a viewpoint based loop closure module is implemented to avoid wrong correspondences that are blocked by the walls. The propsed method is validated through public datasets and our own dataset. To contribute to the community, the code will be made public on https://github.com/dhchung/nv_lio.
description: Submitted to IEEE Robotics & Automation Letters
Toward a more patient-specific model of post-radiotherapy saliva secretion for head and neck cancer patients
Creators: name: Tuomikoski, Laura
name: Kapanen, Mika
name: Collan, Juhani
name: Keyriläinen, Jani
name: Saarilahti, Kauko
name: Loimu, Venla
name: Seppälä, Tiina
name: Tenhunen, Mikko
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Hematology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Medicine

description: ABSTRACTBackground. Reduction of saliva secretion is a common side effect following radiotherapy (RT) for cancer of the head and neck region. The aim of this study is to predict the post-RT salivary function for individual patients prior to treatment and to recognise possible differences in individual radiosensitivity.Material and methods. A predictive model for post-RT salivary function was validated for 64 head and neck cancer patients. The input parameters for the model were salivary excretion fraction (sEF) measured by 99mTc-pertechnetate scintigraphy, total stimulated salivary flow and mean absorbed dose for the major salivary glands. SEF values after RT relative to the baseline before RT (rEF) were compared among the patients using the distance ΔrEF between single gland rEF and the corresponding expected value at the dose response curve.Results. A significant correlation (R = 0.86, p = 0.018) was found between the modelled and the measured values of stimulated salivary flow six months after RT. The average prediction error for the saliva flow rate was 6 ml/15 min. A linear relationship between ΔrEF for the left and the right parotid glands was observed both six (R = 0.53) and 12 (R = 0.79) months after RT. The average of absolute values of ΔrEF was 0.20 for parotid glands and 0.22 for submandibular glands.Conclusions. The salivary flow model was validated for 64 patients. The results imply, that one explanation for the discrepancies between the predicted and the measured salivary flow rate values and the common variations found in ΔrEF for the parotid glands may be differences in patients’ individual response to radiation. However, quantitative extraction of individual radiosensitivity would require further studies in order to take it into account in predictive models.
Phenolic natural products of the wines obtained from three new Merlot clone candidates
Creators: name: Vujovic, Dragan
name: Pejin, Boris
name: Djordjevic, Jelena Popovic
name: Velickovic, Milovan
name: Vele Tesevic
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Plant Biology

description: This work aimed to evaluate the total contents of polyphenolics (the Ribereau-Gayon–Maurié procedure), anthocyanins (using pH differential method) and tannins (the Nègre procedure) as well as the content of phenolic acids (using UPLC/MS chromatography), respectively of the wines obtained from three new Merlot clone candidates in the perennial clonal selection. The aforementioned chemical parameters were determined in the samples covering the period 2009–2012. In comparison both with the standard Merlot wine (mother vine) and the wines obtained from other two clone candidates, the Merlot wine of the clone candidate No. 022 was found to have the highest total content of all three examined components 1.89 ± 0.05 g/L (polyphenolics), 185.59 ± 5.00 mg/L (anthocyanins) and 1.11 ± 0.03 g/L (tannins), as well as six phenolic acids including gallic acid (25.49 ± 0.27 mg/L). These findings are in good agreement with the observed trend for the viticultural parameters indicating the clone candidate No. 022 as more promising than mother.
Phenolic natural products of the wines obtained from three new Merlot clone candidates
Creators: name: Vujovic, Dragan
name: Pejin, Boris
name: Djordjevic, Jelena Popovic
name: Velickovic, Milovan
name: Vele Tesevic
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Plant Biology

description: This work aimed to evaluate the total contents of polyphenolics (the Ribereau-Gayon–Maurié procedure), anthocyanins (using pH differential method) and tannins (the Nègre procedure) as well as the content of phenolic acids (using UPLC/MS chromatography), respectively of the wines obtained from three new Merlot clone candidates in the perennial clonal selection. The aforementioned chemical parameters were determined in the samples covering the period 2009–2012. In comparison both with the standard Merlot wine (mother vine) and the wines obtained from other two clone candidates, the Merlot wine of the clone candidate No. 022 was found to have the highest total content of all three examined components 1.89 ± 0.05 g/L (polyphenolics), 185.59 ± 5.00 mg/L (anthocyanins) and 1.11 ± 0.03 g/L (tannins), as well as six phenolic acids including gallic acid (25.49 ± 0.27 mg/L). These findings are in good agreement with the observed trend for the viticultural parameters indicating the clone candidate No. 022 as more promising than mother.
title: Methods for Combining Ichthyoplankton Datasets for Predicting Annual Larval Fish Abundances in the Gulf of Alaska
Creators: name: Block, L. N.
name: Hopcroft, R. R.
name: Rogers, L. A.
Publisher: name: NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service Alaska Fisheries Science Center
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/01h7fye62
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: NOAA technical memorandum NMFS-AFSC ; 485
description: NOAA’s Alaska Fisheries Science Center’s (AFSC) Ecosystems and Fisheries-Oceanography Coordinated Investigations (EcoFOCI) program has collected spring ichthyoplankton abundance data in the Gulf of Alaska since 1981. Collections were made nearly annually until 2011 when sampling was reduced to only odd years. This dataset is used to better understand population recruitment of major fish species in the GOA and provides early warning of potential year-class strength to inform fisheries management.
Semiparametric Latent ANOVA Model for Event-Related Potentials
Creators: name: Yu, Cheng-Han
name: Li, Meng
name: Vannucci, Marina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Event-related potentials (ERPs) extracted from electroencephalography (EEG) data in response to stimuli are widely used in psychological and neuroscience experiments. A major goal is to link ERP characteristic components to subject-level covariates. Existing methods typically follow two-step approaches, first identifying ERP components using peak detection methods and then relating them to the covariates. This approach, however, can lead to loss of efficiency due to inaccurate estimates in the initial step, especially considering the low signal-to-noise ratio of EEG data. To address this challenge, we propose a semiparametric latent ANOVA model (SLAM) that unifies inference on ERP components and their association to covariates. SLAM models ERP waveforms via a structured Gaussian process prior that encodes ERP latency in its derivative and links the subject-level latencies to covariates using a latent ANOVA. This unified Bayesian framework provides estimation at both population- and subject- levels, improving the efficiency of the inference by leveraging information across subjects. We automate posterior inference and hyperparameter tuning using a Monte Carlo expectation-maximization algorithm. We demonstrate the advantages of SLAM over competing methods via simulations. Our method allows us to examine how factors or covariates affect the magnitude and/or latency of ERP components, which in turn reflect cognitive, psychological or neural processes. We exemplify this via an application to data from an ERP experiment on speech recognition, where we assess the effect of age on two components of interest. Our results verify the scientific findings that older people take a longer reaction time to respond to external stimuli because of the delay in perception and brain processes.