cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Bose-Einstein Condensation of Photons in a Microscopic Optical Resonator: Towards Photonic Lattices and Coupled Cavities
Creators: name: Klaers, Jan
name: Schmitt, Julian
name: Damm, Tobias
name: Dung, David
name: Vewinger, Frank
name: Weitz, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bose-Einstein condensation has in the last two decades been observed in cold atomic gases and in solid-state physics quasiparticles, exciton-polaritons and magnons, respectively. The perhaps most widely known example of a bosonic gas, photons in blackbody radiation, however exhibits no Bose-Einstein condensation, because the particle number is not conserved and at low temperatures the photons disappear in the system's walls instead of massively occupying the cavity ground mode. This is not the case in a small optical cavity, with a low-frequency cutoff imprinting a spectrum of photon energies restricted to values well above the thermal energy. The here reported experiments are based on a microscopic optical cavity filled with dye solution at room temperature. Recent experiments of our group observing Bose-Einstein condensation of photons in such a setup are described. Moreover, we discuss some possible applications of photon condensates to realize quantum manybody states in periodic photonic lattices and photonic Josephson devices.
Basic Digital Image Acquisition, Design, Processing, Analysis, Management, and Presentation
Creators: name: D'Antuono, Rocco
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2022
Subjects: Imaging

description: A guide for understanding the basic concepts of light microscopy involved in the acquisition, analysis, and unbiased presentation of bioimages.
 The chapter will help the reader to understand the simplest techniques used for image acquisition, read the metadata, and be aware of the limits deriving from the use of those imaging techniques.
 Applying the protocols contained in this chapter, it is possible to visualize and render image data sets using the most common software tools and apply basic image analysis workflows to get data out of images.
 Finally, the reader is introduced to how to present images and data analysis results in an unbiased way.
 D’Antuono, R. (2022). Basic Digital Image Acquisition, Design, Processing, Analysis, Management, and Presentation. In: Nechyporuk-Zloy, V. (eds) Principles of Light Microscopy: From Basic to Advanced . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04477-9_4
 https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-04477-9_4
Six millisecond pulsars detected by the Fermi Large Area Telescope and the radio/gamma-ray connection of millisecond pulsars
Creators: name: Espinoza, C. M.
name: Guillemot, L.
name: Celik, O.
name: Weltevrede, P.
name: Stappers, B. W.
name: Smith, D. A.
name: Kerr, M.
name: Zavlin, V. E.
name: Cognard, I.
name: Eatough, R. P.
name: Freire, P. C. C.
name: Janssen, G. H
name: Camilo, F.
name: Desvignes, G.
name: Hewitt, J. W.
name: Hou, X.
name: Johnston, S.
name: Keith, M.
name: Kramer, M.
name: Lyne, A.
name: Manchester, R. N.
name: Ransom, S. M.
name: Ray, P. S.
name: Shannon, R.
name: Theureau, G.
name: Webb, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the discovery of gamma-ray pulsations from five millisecond pulsars (MSPs) using the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) and timing ephemerides provided by various radio observatories. We also present confirmation of the gamma-ray pulsations from a sixth source, PSR J2051-0827. Five of these six MSPs are in binary systems: PSRs J1713+0747, J1741+1351, J1600-3053 and the two black widow binary pulsars PSRs J0610-2100 and 2051-0827. The only isolated MSP is the nearby PSR J1024-0719, which is also known to emit X-rays. We present X-ray observations in the direction of PSRs J1600-3053 and J2051-0827. While the latter is firmly detected, we an only give upper limits for the X-ray flux of the former. There are no dedicated X-ray observations available for the other 3 objects. The MSPs mentioned above, together with most of the MSPs detected by Fermi, are used to put together a sample of 30 gamma-ray MSPs which is used to study the morphology and phase connection of radio and gamma-ray pulse profiles. We show that MSPs with pulsed gamma-ray emission which is phase aligned with the radio emission present the steepest radio spectra and the largest magnetic fields at the light cylinder among all MSPs. As well, we also observe a trend towards very low, or undetectable, radio linear polarisation levels. These properties could be attributed to caustic radio emission produced at a range of different altitudes in the magnetosphere. We note that most of these characteristics are also observed in the Crab pulsar, the only other radio pulsar known to exhibit phase-aligned radio and gamma-ray emission.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures, 4 tables. Published by MNRAS
The impact of a non-universal Initial Mass Function on the Star Formation Histories of Early-Type Galaxies
Creators: name: Ferré-Mateu, Anna
name: Vazdekis, Alexandre
name: de la Rosa, Ignacio G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent results on the non-universality of the Initial Mass Function (IMF) have shown strong evidence of IMF variations with galaxy velocity dispersion, with a corresponding impact on other stellar population parameters, line indices and colours. Using a set of stellar population models with varying IMF slopes, we provide additional caveats on the assumption of a universal IMF. The present study shows that the derived star formation histories of early-type galaxies vary significantly with the IMF slope. For instance, a steepening in the slope of a single power-law IMF decreases substantially, by a factor of up to four, the contribution of the old stellar populations to the total light/mass. This trend is milder for a segmented-like IMF shape, where the contribution of the very low mass stars is decreased. It is also shown that, by tuning each IMF slope to its prescribed value according to each galaxy velocity dispersion, a sample of early-type galaxies covering a range of masses yield comparable star formation histories. On the one hand, a small contribution from relatively young stellar populations appear in the star formation histories of most massive elliptical galaxies when adopting a steep IMF. On the other hand, we find that low mass early-type galaxies that look like genuinely young objects with a standard IMF (i.e. ``baby elliptical galaxies``), turn out to be older when a slightly flatter IMF is employed. In summary, the use of a non-universal IMF, tuned according to the velocity dispersion of the galaxy, seems to provide more consistent results.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 17 pages, 12 figures
title: Gerhard Findenegg: A Scientific Life in Soft Matter at Interfaces
Creators: name: Klitzing, Regine von
name: Gradzielski, Michael
Publisher: name: De Gruyter
Year: 2022

description: In April 2014 Gerhard Findenegg was honored with a colloquium on occasion of his 75th birthday. This colloquium was organized by the international graduate school IRTG 1524 “Self-Assembled Soft Matter Nano-Structures at Interfaces”, that is financed by the German Research Council (DFG). Arising from this event many participants of the workshop and members of the IRTG agreed to contribute to a special issue of Zeitschrift für Physikalische Chemie dedicated to Gerhard Findenegg. The variety of topics addressed in this issue stands for the broadness of science Gerhard Findenegg has been working on since more than fifty years, now.
Scottish colonization before Darien : opportunities and opposition in the union of the crowns
Creators: name: Wagner, Joseph
Publisher: name: University of St Andrews
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Scotland
subject: Colonization
subject: Seventeenth century
subject: Union of the crowns
subject: Britain
subject: Stuart monarchy
subject: Newfoundland
subject: Nova Scotia
subject: New Jersey
subject: Carolina
subject: Sovereignty
subject: Transatlantic
subject: DA774.5W24
subject: Scots--Foreign countries--History
subject: Scotland--Emigration and immigration--History
subject: Colonization--History
subject: Newfoundland and Labrador--History--17th century
subject: Nova Scotia--History--1603-1713
subject: Maryland--History--Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775
subject: South Carolina--History--Colonial period, ca. 1600-1775

description: This thesis aims to provide a detailed account of Scottish colonisation efforts in the seventeenth century. In the first place, it seeks to provide an update to the only book-length study of the topic, George Pratt Insh’s 1922 Scottish Colonial Schemes, which covered Scottish efforts in Newfoundland, Nova Scotia, East New Jersey, and Carolina. This thesis critically examines these and other ventures in light of more recent scholarship, particularly in the fields of Atlantic history and transnational studies of the Scottish diaspora. While the insights provided by these newer approaches and a broader Atlantic view are incorporated into this study, it is necessary to understand the political, economic, religious, and constitutional context of Scotland, England, and Stuart Britain to understand Scottish colonial efforts in the seventeenth century. With these underpinnings, this thesis addresses the question of why Scotland failed to establish a formal empire and questions relating to the effects the 1603 union of the crowns had on Scottish and English commerce, Scottish sovereignty, and the distribution of royal patronage in the Stuart kingdoms. Scoto-English relations permeated each of the colonial designs undertaken by Scots in the period. Following these relations, it is argued that the first phase of the union of the crowns (1603-1638) saw new opportunities for Scots to become involved in colonisation. Scoto-English relations changed as a result of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, the Commonwealth, and the Protectorate, setting the stage for the second phase of the union of the crowns (1660-1707), which was characterised by opposition rather than opportunity. By examining these developments, new insight is gained into how colonisation played a role in English, Scottish, and British state-formation. This examination also reveals the long-term context of the Darien venture and the role that colonisation played in the 1707 union between England and Scotland.
Global well-posedness for axisymmetric Boussinesq system with horizontal viscosity
Creators: name: Miao, Changxing
name: Zheng, Xiaoxin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35B33, 35Q35, 76D03, 76D05

description: In this paper, we are concerned with the tridimensional anisotropic Boussinesq equations which can be described by {equation*} {{array}{ll} (\partial_{t}+u\cdot\nabla)u-κΔ_{h} u+\nabla Π=ρe_{3},\quad(t,x)\in\mathbb{R}^{+}\times\mathbb{R}^{3}, (\partial_{t}+u\cdot\nabla)ρ=0, \text{div}u=0. {array}. {equation*} Under the assumption that the support of the axisymmetric initial data $ρ_{0}(r,z)$ does not intersect the axis $(Oz)$, we prove the global well-posedness for this system with axisymmetric initial data. We first show the growth of the quantity $\fracρr$ for large time by taking advantage of characteristic of transport equation. This growing property together with the horizontal smoothing effect enables us to establish $H^1$-estimate of the velocity via the $L^2$-energy estimate of velocity and the Maximum principle of density. Based on this, we further establish the estimate for the quantity $\|ω(t)\|_{\sqrt{\mathbb{L}}}:=\sup_{2\leq p
description: 32pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:0908.0894 by other authors
title: Temperature Controlled Activity of Lipase B from Candida Antarctica after Immobilization within p-NIPAM Microgel Particles
Creators: name: Gawlitza, Kornelia
name: Wu, Changzhu
name: Georgieva, Radostina
name: Ansorge-Schumacher, Marion
name: Klitzing, Regine von
Publisher: name: De Gruyter
Year: 2022

description: The immobilization of lipase B from Candida antarctica(CalB) within micronsized poly-N-Isopropylacrylamide (p-NIPAM) microgel particles with a crosslinker content of 5% is reported. The immobilization of the enzyme was reached by an exchange from polar to organic solvents. After determining the embedded amount of CalB within the polymer network, an enhanced specificactivity inn-hexane was obtained. Due to the thermoresponsibility of the polymer particles, the activity reaction was done at 25°C and 50°C. The results presented show that the reversiblecollapse of the microgel leads to a decreased activity with increasing temperature. Hence, p-NIPAMmicrogels display a good opportunity to tailor the activity of CalB. An interesting side effect is that CalB presents a suitable probe to estimate the mesh size of the polymer network, since itpenetrates in the unlabeled form but not after labeling with FITC.
Exponential prefixed polynomial equations
Creators: name: Nayebi, Aran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 03B70, Secondary 05C15, 05A18

description: A prefixed polynomial equation is an equation of the form $P(t_1,\ldots,t_n) = 0$, where $P$ is a polynomial whose variables $t_1,\ldots,t_n$ range over the natural numbers, preceded by quantifiers over some, or all, of its variables. Here, we consider exponential prefixed polynomial equations (EPPEs), where variables can also occur as exponents. We obtain a relatively concise EPPE equivalent to the combinatorial principle of the Paris-Harrington theorem for pairs (which is independent of primitive recursive arithmetic), as well as an EPPE equivalent to Goodstein's theorem (which is independent of Peano arithmetic). Some new devices are used in addition to known methods for the elimination of bounded universal quantifiers for Diophantine predicates.
Usos de Diários em pesquisas científicas: expressões e impressões
Creators: name: EMMENDOERFER, MAGNUS
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Métodos Científicos
Pesquisa Qualitativa
Instrumentos de Coleta de Dados

description: Apresentação no âmbito de Metodologias Participativas e Engajadas em reunião coletiva entre o GDTeC-NAP2-UFV e o NUPEGS-PUCMinas, liderada pelo Prof. Armindo Teodosio (Téo).
Standard operating procedure to be followed during brucella vaccination
Creators: name: Mamta Meel1, Balram Yadav2, Amit3
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2024

description: Brucella Control Program (BCP) is a government initiative in India aimed at eradicating Brucellosis by 2030 by vaccinating all eligible female calves aged 4-8 months. To achieve the program's objectives, vaccinators must adhere to a standard operating procedure that includes four key steps: vaccine storage, transport, vaccination, and disposal of used materials. These steps are interconnected, and failure to follow the necessary precautions at any stage can lead to inadequate sero positivity results and disease transmission to the vaccinator. The vaccine used in the program is Brucella Strain 19 (S19), a live vaccine that requires additional precautions during administration.
促生细菌提高植物对碱胁迫的抗性
Creators: name: Li, Fei
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2019
Subjects: Raw sequence reads
Transcriptome or Gene expression
Targeted Locus (Loci)
Multiisolate
Agricultural

description: 促生细菌提高植物对碱胁迫的抗性
益生细菌提高拟南芥对高钙胁迫的抗性
Creators: name: Li, Fei
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2019
Subjects: Transcriptome or Gene expression
Targeted Locus (Loci)
Multiisolate
Agricultural

description: 材料分成两组，高钙胁迫的拟南芥一组，高钙胁迫+菌株挥发性有机物处理1组
Sagittarius stream 3-d kinematics from SDSS Stripe 82
Creators: name: Koposov, Sergey E.
name: Belokurov, Vasily
name: Evans, N. Wyn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using multi-epoch observations of the Stripe 82 region done by Sloan Digital Sky Survey, we measure precise statistical proper motions of the stars in the Sagittarius stellar stream. The multi-band photometry and SDSS radial velocities allow us to efficiently select Sgr members and thus enhance the proper motion precision to ~0.1 mas/yr. We measure separately the proper motion of a photometrically selected sample of the main sequence turn-off stars, as well as of a spectroscopically selected Sgr giants. The data allow us to determine the proper motion separately for the two Sgr streams in the South found in Koposov et al.(2012). Together with the precise velocities from SDSS, our proper motion provide exquisite constraints of the 3-D motions of the stars in the Sgr streams.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures. Accepted to ApJ
Educational research as an approach to understand social reality
Bildungsforschung als Zugang zur Erschließung gesellschaftlicher Wirklichkeit
Creators: name: Gieseke, Wiltrud
name: Robak, Steffi
Publisher: name: Wiesbaden : VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Program research
subject: Program analysis
subject: Perspective entanglement
subject: Programmforschung
subject: Programmanalyse
subject: Perspektivverschränkung
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: The article establishes and elaborates program research as an independent contribution to educational research based on adult education research and theory. The article focuses on specifying the meaning of program research as an educational research that develops an independent research methodology, analyzes complex educational realities, makes them visible and theorizes them by means of pedagogical conceptualizations. The maturity of program research and its contributions to the development of a discipline-constitutive educational research will then be examined using the example of the creation of code systems and their educationally relevant references for the core method of program analysis, as well as examples of the development of the research arrangement of perspective entanglement.
description: Der Artikel platziert und leitet Programmforschung als eigenständigen Beitrag einer erwachsenenpädagogisch begründeten Bildungsforschung her. Im Zentrum steht die Spezifizierung der Bedeutung von Programmforschung als eine Bildungsforschung, die eine eigenständige Forschungsmethodik entwickelt, komplexe Bildungswirklichkeiten analysiert und diese über pädagogische Begriffsbildungen sichtbar macht und theoretisch entwickelt. Die Reife von Programmforschungen und ihrer Beiträge zur Entfaltung einer disziplinkonstitutiven Bildungsforschung werden anschließend am Beispiel der Entwicklung von Codesystemen und ihrer bildungsrelevanten Bezüge für die zentrale Methode der Programmanalyse sowie an Beispielen der Entwicklung des Forschungsarrangements der Perspektivverschränkung betrachtet.
Global gauges and global extensions in optimal spaces
Creators: name: Petrache, Mircea
name: Rivière, Tristan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46E35, 58D15, 58E15, 49Q20, 46E30, 43A80, 47J07, 46T30, 58C15, 55R10, 57M50

description: We consider the problem of extending functions ϕ:\to S^n to functions u:B^{n+1}\to S^n for n=2,3. We assume ϕto belong to the critical space W^{1,n} and we construct a W^{1,(n+1,\infty)}-controlled extension u. The Lorentz-Sobolev space W^{1,(n+1,\infty)} is optimal for such controlled extension. Then we use such results to construct global controlled gauges for L^4-connections over trivial SU(2)-bundles in 4 dimensions. This result is a global version of the local Sobolev control of connections obtained by K. Uhlenbeck.
description: 60 pages
Antibranes don't go black
Creators: name: Bena, I.
name: Blåbäck, J.
name: Danielsson, U. H.
name: Van Riet, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When D-branes are inserted in flux backgrounds of opposite charge, the resulting solution has a certain singularity in the fluxes. Recently it has been argued, using numerical solutions, that for anti-D3 branes in the Klebanov-Strassler background these singularities cannot be cloaked by a horizon, which strongly suggests they are not physical. In this note we provide an analytic proof that the singularity of all codimension-three antibrane solutions (such as anti-D6 branes in massive type IIA supergravity or anti-D3 branes smeared on the T^3 of R^3xT^3 with fluxes) cannot be hidden behind a horizon, and that the charge of black branes with smooth event horizons must have the same sign as the charge of the flux background. Our result indicates that infinitesimally blackening the antibranes immediately triggers brane-flux annihilation, and strengthens the intuition that antibranes placed in flux with positive charge immediately annihilate against it.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure
The Oral Microbiota Composition in Chronic Erythematous Candidiasis
Creators: name: 王旭(Wang Xu)
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2021
Subjects: Metagenome
Multiisolate
Medical

description: Using shotgun metagenomic sequencing, we analyzed the salivary microbiome in 12 chronic erythematous candidiasis, 12 healthy subjects, and 2 chronic erythematous candidiasis cured by antifungal therapy.
A chiral quark model for meson electro-production in the region of D-wave resonances
Creators: name: Golli, Bojan
name: Sirca, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The meson scattering and electroproduction amplitudes in the D13, D33 and D15 partial waves are calculated in a coupled-channel formalism incorporating quasi-bound quark-model states, extending our previous studies of the P11, P33 and S11 partial waves. The vertices of the baryon-meson interaction including the s- and d-wave pions and $ρ$-mesons, the s-wave $η$-meson, and the $s$- and p-wave $σ$-mesons are determined in the Cloudy Bag Model, with some changes of the parameters to reproduce the widths of the resonances. The helicity amplitudes and the electroproduction amplitudes exhibit consistent behavior in all channels but tend to be too weak compared to the experiment. We discuss possible origins of this discrepancy which arises also in the constituent quark model calculations.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in EPJA
Variability Improvement by Interface Passivation and EOT Scaling of InGaAs Nanowire MOSFETs
Creators: name: Gu, Jiangjiang J.
name: Wang, Xinwei
name: Wu, Heng
name: Gordon, Roy G.
name: Ye, Peide D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High performance InGaAs gate-all-around (GAA) nanowire MOSFETs with channel length (Lch) down to 20nm have been fabricated by integrating a higher-k LaAlO3-based gate stack with an equivalent oxide thickness of 1.2nm. It is found that inserting an ultrathin (0.5nm) Al2O3 interfacial layer between higher-k and InGaAs can significantly improve the interface quality and reduce device variation. As a result, a record low subthreshold swing of 63mV/dec has been demonstrated at sub-80nm Lch for the first time, making InGaAs GAA nanowire devices a strong candidate for future low-power transistors.
description: to appear in IEEE Electron Device Letters (3 pages, 5 figures)
一个脊髓小脑共济失调3型中国家系基因组变异与临床表型报道
Creators: name: 贾晓东(Xiaodong Jia)
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2021
Subjects: Genome sequencing
Other
Human sample
Medical

description: 报道了一个连续三代发病的中国SCA3家系，该家系中3名患病成员临床表现分别属于SCA3的不同临床亚型，这种现象比较罕见。该家系中有一名5岁起病的儿童。我们对该家系成员进行了全基因组测序及Sanger测序验证，该家系3名患病成员ATXN3 基因的CAG扩增次数分别为65、68和69。
Jüdischer Geschicht-Roman, von dem grossen König Arturo in Engelland, und dem tapffern Helden Wieduwilt
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020

description: "Jüdischer Geschicht-Roman, von dem grossen König Arturo in Engelland, und dem tapffern Helden Wieduwilt." (" ... Ein schön mäase von König Artis hof ... und von dem berühmten Ritter Wieduwilt ... ") -- p. 149- 302 (a Yiddish adaptation by an unknown author of Wirnt von Gravenberg's poem Wigalois - presumably reprinted from an edition published by Joseph of Witzenhausen at Amsterdam prior to 1680, now lost. Cf. L. Landau, Arthurian legends.
Integer and fractional charge Lorentzian voltage pulses analyzed in the frame of Photon-assisted Shot Noise
Creators: name: Dubois, Julie
name: Thibaut, Jullien
name: Grenier, Charles
name: Degiovanni, Pascal
name: Roulleau, Preden
name: Glattli, D. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The periodic injection $n$ of electrons in a quantum conductor using periodic voltage pulses applied on a contact is studied in the energy and time-domain using shot noise computation in order to make comparison with experiments. We particularly consider the case of periodic Lorentzian voltage pulses. When carrying integer charge, they are known to provide electronic states with a minimal number of excitations, while other type of pulses are all accompanied by an extra neutral cloud of electron and hole excitations. This paper focuses on the low frequency shot noise which arises when the pulse excitations are partitioned by a single scatterer in the framework of the Photo Assisted Shot Noise (PASN) theory. As a unique tool to count the number of excitations carried per pulse, shot noise reveals that pulses of arbitrary shape and arbitrary charge show a marked minimum when the charge is integer. Shot noise spectroscopy is also considered to perform energy-domain characterization of the charge pulses. In particular it reveals the striking asymmetrical spectrum of Lorentzian pulses. Finally, time-domain information is obtained from Hong Ou Mandel like noise correlations when two trains of pulses generated on opposite contacts collide on the scatterer. As a function of the time delay between pulse trains, the noise is shown to measure the electron wavepacket autocorrelation function for integer Lorentzian thanks to electron antibunching. In order to make contact with recent experiments all the calculations are made at zero and finite temperature.
Addressing Climate Justice in Schools
Creators: name: Pokharel, Prayan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Heat wave
Climate justice
Nepal
School closure

description: Rising temperatures in Nepal compel the closure of schools as the effects of the global climate catastrophe become more severe. This urgent situation emphasizes the need to prevent school-going children, particularly in education, from bearing a disproportionate burden of climate change.
Xylogenesis and phloemogenesis in the flesh of sweet cherry fruit are limited to early-stage development
Creators: name: Gärtner, Jonas
name: Grimm, Eckhard
name: Knoche, Moritz
Publisher: name: [London] : Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fruit
subject: Phloem
subject: Prunus avium
subject: Water
subject: Xylem
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik

description: Water inflows into sweet cherry fruit occur via the xylem and the phloem vasculatures of the pedicel. The rates of these inflows are subject to marked changes during fruit development. The objective was to establish if, and when, xylogenesis and phloemogenesis occur in the fruit flesh (mesocarp) during fruit development. Fruit were cut in half and the median and the lateral bundles inspected by light microscopy. Fruit mass increased with time in a double sigmoid pattern. Xylogenesis and phloemogenesis were both limited to early fruit development (stage I). There were no consistent changes in the areas of either xylem or phloem after stage I until maturity (i.e., during stages II and III). The cross-sectional areas of xylem and of phloem in a bundle were both linearly related to total bundle area. Most of the increases (stage I) in bundle area (62%, r2 = 0.99***) were accounted for by increases in phloem area and about 35% (r2 = 0.97***) by increases in xylem area. A small percentage of the xylem area increase (about 4% of the total area of the bundle; r2 = 0.48***) was contributed by the appearance of intercellular spaces within the xylem. Our results suggest, that new xylem and phloem tissues are differentiated only during early development.
The Galaxy Counterparts of the two high-metallicity DLAs at z=2.412 and z=2.583 towards Q0918+1636
Creators: name: Fynbo, J. P. U.
name: Geier, S.
name: Christensen, L.
name: Gallazzi, A.
name: Krogager, J. -K.
name: Krühler, T.
name: Ledoux, C.
name: Maund, J.
name: Møller, P.
name: Noterdaeme, P.
name: Rivera-Thorsen, T.
name: Vestergaard, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quasar Q0918+1636 (z=3.07) has two intervening high-metallicity Damped Lyman-alpha Absorbers (DLAs) along the line of sight, at redshifts of z=2.412 and 2.583. The z=2.583 DLA is located at a large impact parameter of 16.2 kpc, and despite this large impact parameter it has a very high metallicity (consistent with solar), a substantial fraction of H_2 molecules, and it is dusty as inferred from the reddened spectrum of the background QSO. The z=2.412 DLA has a metallicity of [M/H]=-0.6 (based on ZnII and SiII). In this paper we present new observations of this interesting sightline. HST/WFC3 imaging was obtained in the F606W, F105W and F160W bands. This is complemented by ground-based imaging in the u-, g-bands as well as K_s observations in the near-infrared (NIR). In addition, we present further spectroscopy with the ESO/VLT X-Shooter spectrograph. Based on these observations we obtain the following results: By fitting stellar population synthesis models to the photometric SED we constrain the physical properties of the z=2.583 DLA galaxy, and we infer its morphology by fitting a Sersic model to its surface brightness profile. We find it to be a relatively massive (M_star 10^10 M_sun), strongly star-forming (SFR~30 M_sun / yr, dusty (E_(B-V)=0.4) galaxy with a disk-like morphology. We detect most of the strong emission lines from the z=2.583 DLA [OIII],3727, [OIII],4960, [OIII],5007, Hbeta, and Halpha, albeit at low signal-to-noise (SN) ratio except for the [OIII],5007 line. We also detect [OIII],5007 emission from the galaxy counterpart of the z=2.412 DLA at a small impact parameter (<2 kpc). Overall our findings are consistent with the emerging picture that high-metallicity DLAs are associated with relatively (compared to typical DLAs) luminous and massive galaxy counterparts.
description: 11 pages, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Kepler-62: A five-planet system with planets of 1.4 and 1.6 Earth radii in the Habitable Zone
Creators: name: Borucki, W. J.
name: Agol, E.
name: Fressin, F.
name: Kaltenegger, L.
name: Rowe, J.
name: Isaacson, H.
name: Fischer, D.
name: Batalha, N.
name: Lissauer, J. J.
name: Marcy, G. W.
name: Fabrycky, D.
name: Désert, J. -M.
name: Bryson, S. T.
name: Barclay, T.
name: Bastien, F.
name: Boss, A.
name: Brugamyer, E.
name: Buchhave, L. A.
name: Burke, Chris
name: Caldwell, D. A.
name: Carter, J.
name: Charbonneau, D.
name: Crepp, J. R.
name: Christensen-Dalsgaard, J.
name: Christiansen, J. L.
name: Ciardi, D.
name: Cochran, W. D.
name: DeVore, E.
name: Doyle, L.
name: Dupree, A. K.
name: Endl, M.
name: Everett, M. E.
name: Ford, E. B.
name: Fortney, J.
name: Gautier, T. N.
name: Geary, J. C.
name: Gould, A.
name: Haas, M.
name: Henze, C.
name: Howard, A. W.
name: Howell, S. B.
name: Huber, D.
name: Jenkins, J. M.
name: Kjeldsen, H.
name: Kolbl, R.
name: Kolodziejczak, J.
name: Latham, D. W.
name: Lee, B. L.
name: Lopez, E.
name: Mullally, F.
name: Orosz, J. A.
name: Prsa, A.
name: Quintana, E. V.
name: Sanchez-Ojeda, R.
name: Sasselov, D.
name: Seader, S.
name: Shporer, A.
name: Steffen, J. H.
name: Still, M.
name: Tenenbaum, P.
name: Thompson, S. E.
name: Torres, G.
name: Twicken, J. D.
name: Welsh, W. F.
name: Winn, J. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the detection of five planets -- Kepler-62b, c, d, e, and f -- of size 1.31, 0.54, 1.95, 1.61 and 1.41 Earth radii, orbiting a K2V star at periods of 5.7, 12.4, 18.2, 122.4 and 267.3 days, respectively. The outermost planets (Kepler-62e & -62f) are super-Earth-size (1.25 < planet radius/earth radius < 2.0) planets in the habitable zone (HZ) of their host star, receiving 1.2 +- 0.2 and 0.41 +- 0.05 times the solar flux at Earth's orbit. Theoretical models of Kepler-62e and -62f for a stellar age of ~7 Gyr suggest that both planets could be solid: either with a rocky composition or composed of mostly solid water in their bulk.
description: Published online 18 April 2013 in Science Express
Hybrid Textures of the Right-Handed Majorana Neutrino Mass Matrix
Creators: name: Dev, S.
name: Gautam, Radha Raman
name: Singh, Lal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a systematic study of neutrino mass matrices having a vanishing cofactor and an equality between two cofactors of the mass matrix. Such texture structures of the effective neutrino mass matrix arise from type-I seesaw mechanism when the Dirac neutrino mass matrix is diagonal with equal elements and the right-handed Majorana neutrino mass matrix has hybrid textures with one equality of matrix elements and one zero matrix element. For three right-handed neutrinos there are sixty possible hybrid textures out of which only six are excluded by the present experimental data. We show that such textures can be derived using discrete symmetries. The predictions of experimentally allowed textures are examined for unknown parameters such as the effective Majorana mass of the electron neutrino and the Dirac-type CP-violating phase.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables
Interactions Between Humans, Crocodiles, and Hippos at Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe
Creators: name: Marowa, Ivan
name: Matanzima, Joshua
name: Nhiwatiwa, Tamuka
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: Human–wildlife conflicts (HWCs) are on the increase due to shrinking space that results in increased competition for land, water, and other natural resources between humans and wildlife. Investigating the occurrence of HWCs is important in that the results can be used to formulate better management policies and strategies. In this paper, we describe the nature of HWCs emerging between humans and the Nile crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus) and between humans and the African hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius; hippo) on Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe. Lake Kariba is the second largest manmade lake by volume in the world. Conflicts involving humans and these species are readily noticeable and played out around water bodies, which are sources of daily human sustenance and important habitats for aquatic wildlife. We used a mixed-methods approach to gather data on these conflicts, including questionnaires, face-to-face interviews, focus group discussions, and participant observation. The research participants involved national parks officials, fishing camp residents, and HWC victims. Our research confirmed that crocodiles and hippos have negatively affected humans through deaths, injuries, instilling fear, and destruction of sources of livelihood for fishermen such as fishing nets and boats. In retaliation, humans have implemented lethal methods to remove problem animals. The results of this research can inform the conservation community about the severity of the conflicts, which have been exacerbated by current economic hardships, to better inform conservation policies.
Slicing the Sierpiński gasket
Creators: name: Bárány, Balázs
name: Ferguson, Andrew
name: Simon, Károly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 28A80

description: We investigate the dimension of intersections of the Sierpiński gasket with lines. Our first main result describes a countable, dense set of angles that are exceptional for Marstrand's theorem. We then provide a multifractal analysis for the set of points in the projection for which the associated slice has a prescribed dimension.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures
Household Perceptions and Patterns of Crop Loss by Wild Pigs in North India
Creators: name: Pandav, Bivash
name: Natarajan, Lakshminarayanan
name: Kumar, Ankit
name: Desai, Ajay A
name: Lyngkhoi, Banteibor
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: Loss to cultivated crops by wild pigs (Sus scrofa) is widespread and can jeopardize low-income farmers. In India, although there is lot of political interest in the problem, efforts to understand the patterns, correlates, and underlying reasons for wild pig conflict continue to be minimal. We quantified loss of wheat (Triticum aestivum) to wild pigs and assessed the spatial patterns of damage in a forest settlement of Van Gujjar (Haridwar, India), which is a dairy-based pastoralist community. We chose a 4-km2 cultivated area comprising 400 farmlands (each measuring 0.8 ha and belonging to a family) and assessed crop damage by wild pigs through field surveys during the harvest season. We interviewed 159 respondents who manage 219 of the total 400 farmlands in the study area to compare actual crop loss with perceived losses. Wild pigs damaged 2.29 tonnes (2,290 kg) of wheat, which was about 2.6% of the potential yield in the study area. A total of 39 farmlands (9.5%), managed by 28 respondents, suffered losses during the survey period at an average loss of about 58.8 kg (SD ± 89.5, range = 0.7–388 kg). During interviews, 81 respondents managing 155 farmlands (70.7%) reported having suffered wild pig-related crop loss during the survey period. They also perceived losing about 23.4% of the potential yield of wheat due to wild pigs. The perceived losses were much higher than actual losses. Actual losses measured through field surveys underscore the dichotomy between actual and perceived crop loss due to wild pigs. About 81% of recorded wild pig-related damage to wheat occurred within 200 m from the forest edge. The crop protection measures aimed at stopping wild pigs from entering the fields were mostly reactive. Although overall crop losses due to wild pigs seem low at the settlement level, for affected individual families, the losses were financially significant. Such recurrent crop losses can cause families to go into debt, trigger animosity toward conservation, and lead to retaliation measures, which may be indiscriminate and have the potential to affect other endangered mammals in conservation priority landscapes. Because crop losses by wild pigs are severe along the narrow band of fields along the edge of the forest, channeling monetary benefits through insurance-based compensation schemes can help assuage losses to farmers. Further, because crop damage by wild pigs is seasonal, experimenting with mobile fences that can be dismantled and packed away after use would be beneficial.
Enhancing Existing Isolated Underpasses with Fencing Reduces Wildlife Crashes and Connects Habitat
Creators: name: Donaldson, Bridget M
name: Elliott, Kaitlyn E. M.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: The impact of wildlife–vehicle collisions on drivers and wildlife populations has been gaining attention in the United States. Given the established success of wildlife crossings with fencing in reducing wildlife crashes and connecting habitat, information is needed on cost-effective means of implementation for departments of transportation. When wildlife crossings are constructed, they are often built into new road projects as a series of 2 or more underpasses and/or overpass structures connected by exclusionary fencing. Given limited transportation budgets and the prevalence of maintenance activities more so than new construction in many states, enhancing existing underpasses on previously constructed roads has been recognized as a cost-effective mitigation opportunity. More research is needed, however, on the effects of adding fencing to existing underpasses, particularly those that are too far from one another to be connected with contiguous fencing. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of this measure when applied to isolated underpasses. Approximately 1.6 km of 2.4-m-high wildlife fencing was added to each of 2 existing underpasses, a large bridge underpass and a large box culvert, situated approximately 8 km apart from one another on Interstate 64 in Virginia, USA. We conducted a 2-year post-fencing camera monitoring study and compared the findings from a 2-year pre-fencing study with regard to collision frequencies with white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and black bears (Ursus americanus); the use of the underpasses by wildlife; and roadside deer activity. We also evaluated deer activity data to compare different fence end designs applied at the study sites. After fencing installation, deer–vehicle collisions (DVCs) were reduced by 96.5% and 88% at the box culvert and bridge underpass, respectively, and there were no increases in DVCs within 1.6 km of the fence ends. Deer crossings increased 410% at the box culvert and 71% at the bridge underpass. Use of the culvert and bridge underpasses by other mammals increased 81% and 165%, respectively. Although deer use of the underpasses was much greater than their activity at any of the fence ends, there was relatively high deer activity at the fence ends that did not tie into a feature such as right-of-way fencing. Our study found that the addition of wildlife fencing to certain existing isolated underpasses can be a highly cost-effective means of increasing driver safety and enhancing habitat connectivity for wildlife. The benefits from crash reduction exceeded the fencing costs in 1.8 years, and fencing resulted in an average saving of >$2.3 million per site over the 25-year lifetime of the fencing. The results add to the growing body of knowledge about effective ways we can use existing infrastructure to connect wildlife habitat and increase driver safety.
The Magnetic Structure of Solar Prominence Cavities: New Observational Signature Revealed by Coronal Magnetometry
Creators: name: Bak-Steslicka, U.
name: Gibson, S. E.
name: Fan, Y.
name: Bethge, C.
name: Forland, B.
name: Rachmeler, L. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Coronal Multi-channel Polarimeter (CoMP) obtains daily full-Sun above-the-limb coronal observations in linear polarization, allowing for the first time a diagnostic of the coronal magnetic field direction in quiescent prominence cavities. We find that these cavities consistently possess a characteristic "lagomorphic" signature in linear polarization indicating twist or shear extending up into the cavity above the neutral line. We demonstrate that such a signature may be explained by a magnetic flux-rope model, a topology with implications for solar eruptions. We find corroborating evidence for a flux rope structure in the pattern of concentric rings within cavities seen in CoMP line-of-sight velocity.
description: submitted to The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Temporal Trends and Drivers of Mountain Lion Depredation in California, USA
Creators: name: Dellinger, Justin A.
name: Macon, Daniel K.
name: Rudd, Jaime L.
name: Clifford, Deana L.
name: Torres, Steven G.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: Increasing human populations and expanding development across the globe necessitate continual progress in understanding and mitigating human–wildlife conflict. California, USA has the largest human population and at least half of the state is suitable mountain lion (Puma concolor) habitat. The juxtaposition of high human abundance within and adjacent to mountain lion habitat make California relevant for understanding human–large carnivore conflict. We compiled 7,719 confirmed incidents of mountain lions depredating domestic animals over a 48-year period (1972–2019) to examine temporal trends in mountain lion depredations as well as factors influencing annual depredation rates at the county level. Linear regressions demonstrated that the overall number of depredation events and those involving pets (e.g., dogs [Canis lupus familiaris] and cats [Felis catus]) and small hoofstock (primarily sheep [Ovis aries] and goats [Capra aegagrus hircus]) have increased significantly over time with small hoofstock comprising the majority of depredations. Poisson regression models revealed human density and agricultural productivity were negatively associated with increasing depredation rates while amount of suitable habitat and number of mountain lions removed in the previous year were positively associated with increasing depredation rates. In general, our results point to smaller-sized hoofstock operations in areas of suitable mountain lion habitat as key factors in predicting mountain lion depredations in California. Further, the permanent removal of offending individuals appears to increase the potential for conflict in the following year. Broadly speaking, improving husbandry standards for pets and small hoofstock living in areas occupied by large carnivores may be the most effective way to reduce human–predator conflict in California and elsewhere.
Camponotus Forel 1891
Creators: name: Forel, A.
Publisher: name: L'Imprimerie Nationale
Year: 1891
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Camponotus

description: Genre CAMPONOTUS.
Camponotus, Mayr, Europàische Formiciden (1861).
[[worker]], [[queen]] et [[male]]. Nymphes entourées d'un cocon. Deux sortes de [[worker]], les unes ([[worker]] majores) à tête très grosse et à corps trapu, les autres ([[worker]] minores) à tête petite et à corps grêle. Une série de formes intermédiaires relient ces deux types. Premier segment de l'abdomen environ de la même longueur que le second. La tête n'est pas tronquée antérieurement. Arêtes frontales recourbées en S. Palpes maxillaires de six, labiaux de quatre arlicles.
[[worker]] et [[queen]]. Abdomen ovale.
[[male]]. Premier article du funicule des antennes à peine plus long que le second; valvules génitales extérieures en forme d'épines.
C'est le genre le plus considérable de tous les Formicides. Les espèces extrêmes diffèrent énormément les unes des autres par leur faciès, mais on trouve- entre elles toutes les transitions imaginables, ce qui a rendu impossible jusqu'ici la division de ce genre en coupes naturelles. Les Camponotus diffèrent des Polyrhachis et des Mayria par leur abdomen et par le dimorphisme partiel de l'ouvrière (voir ces genres). Le genre voisin Colobopsis se distingue par sa nymphe nue et par la présence d'un soldat à tête tronquée antérieurement. Le genre Echinopla a des palpes de cinq et quatre articles, et le genre Myrmecopsis de gros yeux atteignant les angles postérieurs de la tête. Chez le genre Rhinomyrmex, l'épistome forme une protubérance en forme de nez.
description: Published as part of Forel, A., 1891, Histoire naturelle des Hymenopteres. Deuxieme partie: Les Formicides., pp. 1-231 in Histoire Physique, Naturelle et Politique de Madagascar., Paris :L'Imprimerie Nationale on page 14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.9896