cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Grey matter sublayer thickness estimation in themouse cerebellum
Creators: name: Ma, Da
name: Cardoso, Manuel J.
name: Zuluaga, Maria A.
name: Modat, Marc
name: Powell, Nick.
name: Wiseman, Frances
name: Tybulewicz, Victor
name: Fisher, Elizabeth
name: Lythgoe, Mark. F.
name: Ourselin, Sebastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The cerebellar grey matter morphology is an important feature to study neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease or Down's syndrome. Its volume or thickness is commonly used as a surrogate imaging biomarker for such diseases. Most studies about grey matter thickness estimation focused on the cortex, and little attention has been drawn on the morphology of the cerebellum. Using ex vivo high-resolution MRI, it is now possible to visualise the different cell layers in the mouse cerebellum. In this work, we introduce a framework to extract the Purkinje layer within the grey matter, enabling the estimation of the thickness of the cerebellar grey matter, the granular layer and molecular layer from gadolinium-enhanced ex vivo mouse brain MRI. Application to mouse model of Down's syndrome found reduced cortical and layer thicknesses in the transchromosomic group.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention 2015
Semi-supervised Fine-tuning for Large Language Models
Creators: name: Luo, Junyu
name: Luo, Xiao
name: Chen, Xiusi
name: Xiao, Zhiping
name: Ju, Wei
name: Zhang, Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) is crucial in adapting large language model (LLMs) to a specific domain or task. However, only a limited amount of labeled data is available in practical applications, which poses a severe challenge for SFT in yielding satisfactory results. Therefore, a data-efficient framework that can fully exploit labeled and unlabeled data for LLM fine-tuning is highly anticipated.Towards this end, we introduce a semi-supervised fine-tuning(SemiFT) task and a framework named SemiEvol for LLM alignment from a propagate-and-select manner. For knowledge propagation, SemiEvol adopts a bi-level approach, propagating knowledge from labeled data to unlabeled data through both in-weight and in-context methods. For knowledge selection, SemiEvol incorporates a collaborative learning mechanism, selecting higher-quality pseudo-response samples. We conducted experiments using GPT-4o-mini and Llama-3.1 on seven general or domain-specific datasets, demonstrating significant improvements in model performance on target data. Furthermore, we compared SemiEvol with SFT and self-evolution methods, highlighting its practicality in hybrid data scenarios.
description: Github Repo: https://github.com/luo-junyu/SemiEvol
title: Institutsordnungen für die Wissenschaftlichen Einrichtungen des Fachbereichs für Chemie, Pharmazie und Biowissenschaften (FB 3)
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Braunschweig, Fachbereich 3
Year: 1983
Subjects: subject: Institutsordnung
subject: 379

description: Hochschulöffentliche Bekanntmachungen der Technischen Universität Braunschweig
The supernova associated with GRB 020405
Creators: name: Dado, Shlomo
name: Dar, Arnon
name: De Rujula, Alvaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the very simple and successful Cannonball (CB) model of gamma ray bursts (GRBs) and their afterglows (AGs) to analyze the observations of the mildly extinct optical AG of the relatively nearby GRB 020405. We show that GRB 020405 was associated with a 1998bw-like supernova (SN) at the GRB's redshift that appeared dimmer and redder than SN1998bw because of extinction in the host and our Galaxy. The case for the SN/GRB association --advocated in the CB model-- is becoming indubitable. We discuss the extent to which the GRB/SN connection is model-dependent.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A Letters
Very Large and Reversible Stark Shift Tuning of Single Emitters in Layered Hexagonal Boron Nitride
Creators: name: Nikolay, Niko
name: Mendelson, Noah
name: Sadzak, Nikola
name: Böhm, Florian
name: Tran, Toan Trong
name: Sontheimer, Bernd
name: Aharonovich, Igor
name: Benson, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Combining solid state single photon emitters (SPE) with nanophotonic platforms is a key goal in integrated quantum photonics. In order to realize functionality in potentially scalable elements, suitable SPEs have to be bright, stable, and widely tunable at room temperature. In this work we show that selected SPEs embedded in a few layer hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) meet these demands. In order to show the wide tunability of these SPEs we employ an AFM with a conductive tip to apply an electrostatic field to individual hBN emitters sandwiched between the tip and an indium tin oxide coated glass slide. A very large and reversible Stark shift of $(5.5 \pm 3)\,$nm at a zero field wavelength of $670\,$nm was induced by applying just $20\,$V, which exceeds the typical resonance linewidths of nanodielectric and even nanoplasmonic resonators. Our results are important to further understand the physical origin of SPEs in hBN as well as for practical quantum photonic applications where wide spectral tuning and on/off resonance switching are required.
title: Institutsordnungen für die Wissenschaftlichen Einrichtungen des Fachbereichs für Mathematik, Informatik und Wirtschaftswissenschaften (FB 1)
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Braunschweig, Fachbereich 1
Year: 1983
Subjects: subject: Institutsordnung
subject: 379

description: Hochschulöffentliche Bekanntmachungen der Technischen Universität Braunschweig
Modeling Heterogeneity in Temporal Dynamics: Extending Latent State-Trait Autoregressive and Cross-lagged Panel Models to Mixture Distribution Models
Creators: name: Holtmann, Jana
name: Eid, Michael
name: Santangelo, Philip S.
name: Kockler, Tobias D.
name: Ebner-Priemer, Ulrich W.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Longitudinal models suited for the analysis of panel data, such as cross-lagged panel or autoregressive latent-state trait models, assume population homogeneity with respect to the temporal dynamics of the variables under investigation. This assumption is likely to be too restrictive in a myriad of research areas. We propose an extension of autoregressive and cross-lagged latent state-trait models to mixture distribution models. The models allow researchers to model unobserved person heterogeneity and qualitative differences in longitudinal dynamics based on comparatively few observations per person, while taking into account temporal dependencies between observations as well as measurement error in the variables. The models are extended to include categorical covariates, to investigate the distribution of encountered latent classes across observed groups. The potential of the models is illustrated with an application to self-esteem and affect data in patients with borderline personality disorder, an anxiety disorder, and healthy control participants. Requirements for the models’ applicability are investigated in an extensive simulation study and recommendations for model applications are derived.
Implementation of a Port-graph Model for Finance
Creators: name: Ene, Nneka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Finance (q-fin.MF)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: In this paper we examine the process involved in the design and implementation of a port-graph model to be used for the analysis of an agent-based rational negligence model. Rational negligence describes the phenomenon that occurred during the financial crisis of 2008 whereby investors chose to trade asset-backed securities without performing independent evaluations of the underlying assets. This has contributed to motivating the search for more effective and transparent tools in the modelling of the capital markets. This paper shall contain the details of a proposal for the use of a visual declarative language, based on strategic port-graph rewriting, as a visual modelling tool to analyse an asset-backed securitisation market.
description: In Proceedings TERMGRAPH 2018, arXiv:1902.01510
Grenieria bicaudata Dabert & Atyeo 1997
Creators: name: Hernandes, Fabio Akashi
name: Brito, Guilherme R. R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Sarcoptiformes
Syringobiidae
Grenieria
Grenieria bicaudata

description: Grenieria bicaudata Dabert & Atyeo 1997
(Fig. 8)
 Material examined — 9 males, 5 females ex Anous stolidus stolidus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Charadriiformes: Laridae), (CAUFSC 00389), Praia do Campeche, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil (lat -27.6893423 long -48.4811854), 27 Feb. 2021, R 3 Animal col.
 Remarks — This species was described from Anous stolidus pileatus (Scopoli, 1786) from Hawaii (Dabert and Atyeo 1997), and until this date remained the only feather mite reported from terns of the genus Anous Stephens. Grenieria bicaudata is herein reported for the first time after the original description. Syringobiids are normally found inside the quills, but may eventually be found outside of their normal habitat (e.g. Phyllochaeta spp., Gaud and Atyeo 1996). The specimens reported herein were found on the surface of the feathers, rather than inside the quills.
description: Published as part of Hernandes, Fabio Akashi & Brito, Guilherme R. R., 2022, Feather mites (Acariformes: Astigmata) of the brown noddy, Anous stolidus (L.) (Charadriiformes: Laridae), with description of two new species from Brazil, pp. 317-331 in Acarologia 62 (2) on page 328
Fast Perfekt: Regression-based refinement of fast simulation
Creators: name: Wolf, Moritz
name: Stietz, Lars O.
name: Connor, Patrick L. S.
name: Schleper, Peter
name: Bein, Samuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The availability of precise and accurate simulation is a limiting factor for interpreting and forecasting data in many fields of science and engineering. Often, one or more distinct simulation software applications are developed, each with a relative advantage in accuracy or speed. The quality of insights extracted from the data stands to increase if the accuracy of faster, more economical simulation could be improved to parity or near parity with more resource-intensive but accurate simulation. We present Fast Perfekt, a machine-learned regression that employs residual neural networks to refine the output of fast simulations. A deterministic morphing model is trained using a unique schedule that makes use of the ensemble loss function MMD, with the option of an additional pair-based loss function such as the MSE. We explore this methodology in the context of an abstract analytical model and in terms of a realistic particle physics application featuring jet properties in hadron collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The refinement makes maximum use of domain knowledge, and introduces minimal computational overhead to production.
Tensor polarizability of the vector mesons from $SU(3)$ lattice gauge theory
Creators: name: Luschevskaya, E. V.
name: Teryaev, O. V.
name: Golubkov, D. Yu.
name: Solovjeva, O. V.
name: Ishkuvatov, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic dipole polarizabilities of the vector $ρ^0$ and $ρ^{\pm}$ mesons in $SU(3)$ pure gauge theory are calculated in the article. Based on this the authors explore the contribution of the dipole magnetic polarizabilities to the tensor polarization of the vector mesons in external abelian magnetic field. The tensor polarization leads to the dilepton asymmetry observed in non-central heavy ion collisions and can be also estimated in lattice gauge theory.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures, 6 tables
Spin Foam Models and the Classical Action Principle
Creators: name: Freidel, Laurent
name: Krasnov, Kirill
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new systematic approach that allows one to derive the spin foam (state sum) model of a theory starting from the corresponding classical action functional. It can be applied to any theory whose action can be written as that of the BF theory plus a functional of the B field. Examples of such theories include BF theories with or without cosmological term, Yang-Mills theories and gravity in various spacetime dimensions. Our main idea is two-fold. First, we propose to take into account in the path integral certain distributional configurations of the B field in which it is concentrated along lower dimensional hypersurfaces in spacetime. Second, using the notion of generating functional we develop perturbation expansion techniques, with the role of the free theory played by the BF theory. We test our approach on various theories for which the corresponding spin foam (state sum) models are known. We find that it exactly reproduces the known models for BF and 2D Yang-Mills theories. For the BF theory with cosmological term in 3 and 4 dimensions we calculate the terms of the transition amplitude that are of the first order in the cosmological constant, and find an agreement with the corresponding first order terms of the known state sum models. We discuss implications of our results for existing quantum gravity models.
description: 65 pages, many figures (published version)
Recurrent mutations in topoisomerase IIα cause a previously undescribed mutator phenotype in human cancers
Creators: name: Boot, Arnoud
name: Liu, Mo
name: Stantial, Nicole
name: Shah, Viraj
name: Yu, Willie
name: Nitiss, Karin
name: Nitiss, John
name: Jinks-Robertson, Sue
name: Rozen, Steven G
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 32
subject: Biomedical and clinical sciences
classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 3102
subject: Bioinformatics and computational biology
classificationCode: 3211
subject: Oncology and carcinogenesis

description: Topoisomerases nick and reseal DNA to relieve torsional stress associated with transcription and replication and to resolve structures such as knots and catenanes. Stabilization of the yeast Top2 cleavage intermediates is mutagenic in yeast, but whether this extends to higher eukaryotes is less clear. Chemotherapeutic topoisomerase poisons also elevate cleavage, resulting in mutagenesis. Here, we describe p.K743N mutations in human topoisomerase hTOP2α and link them to a previously undescribed mutator phenotype in cancer. Overexpression of the orthologous mutant protein in yeast generated a characteristic pattern of 2- to 4-base pair (bp) duplications resembling those in tumors with p.K743N. Using mutant strains and biochemical analysis, we determined the genetic requirements of this mutagenic process and showed that it results from trapping of the mutant yeast yTop2 cleavage complex. In addition to 2- to 4-bp duplications, hTOP2α p.K743N is also associated with deletions that are absent in yeast. We call the combined pattern of duplications and deletions ID_TOP2α. All seven tumors carrying the hTOP2α p.K743N mutation showed ID_TOP2α, while it was absent from all other tumors examined (n = 12,269). Each tumor with the ID_TOP2α signature had indels in several known cancer genes, which included frameshift mutations in tumor suppressors PTEN and TP53 and an activating insertion in BRAF. Sequence motifs found at ID_TOP2α mutations were present at 80% of indels in cancer-driver genes, suggesting that ID_TOP2α mutagenesis may contribute to tumorigenesis. The results reported here shed further light on the role of topoisomerase II in genome instability.
Do LLMs write like humans? Variation in grammatical and rhetorical styles
Creators: name: Reinhart, Alex
name: Brown, David West
name: Markey, Ben
name: Laudenbach, Michael
name: Pantusen, Kachatad
name: Yurko, Ronald
name: Weinberg, Gordon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Large language models (LLMs) are capable of writing grammatical text that follows instructions, answers questions, and solves problems. As they have advanced, it has become difficult to distinguish their output from human-written text. While past research has found some differences in surface features such as word choice and punctuation, and developed classifiers to detect LLM output, none has studied the rhetorical styles of LLMs.
 Using several variants of Llama 3 and GPT-4o, we construct two parallel corpora of human- and LLM-written texts from common prompts. Using Douglas Biber's set of lexical, grammatical, and rhetorical features, we identify systematic differences between LLMs and humans and between different LLMs. These differences persist when moving from smaller models to larger ones, and are larger for instruction-tuned models than base models. This demonstrates that despite their advanced abilities, LLMs struggle to match human styles, and hence more advanced linguistic features can detect patterns in their behavior not previously recognized.
description: 29 pages, 4 figures, 11 tables
Early stage of integrable turbulence in 1D NLS equation: the semi-classical approach to statistics
Creators: name: Roberti, Giacomo
name: El, Gennady
name: Randoux, Stephane
name: Suret, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine statistical properties of integrable turbulence in the defocusing and focusing regimes of one-dimensional small-dispersion nonlinear Schrodinger equation (1D-NLSE). Specifically, we study the 1D-NLSE evolution of partially coherent waves having Gaussian statistics at time t=0. Using short time asymptotic expansions and taking advantage of the scale separation in the semi-classical regime we obtain a simple explicit formula describing an early stage of the evolution of the fourth moment of the random wave field amplitude, a quantitative measure of the "tailedness" of the probability density function. Our results show excellent agreement with numerical simulations of the full 1D-NLSE random field dynamics and provide insight into the emergence of the well-known phenomenon of heavy (resp. low) tails of the statistical distribution emerging in the focusing (resp. defocusing) regime of 1D-NLSE.
description: 10 pages
Incommensurate magnetism in cuprate materials
Creators: name: Mancini, F.
name: Villani, D.
name: Matsumoto, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the low doping region an incommensurate magnetic phase is observed in LSCO. By means of the composite operator method we show that the single-band 2D Hubbard model describes the experimental situation. In the higher doping region, where experiments are not available, the incommensurability is depressed owing to the van Hove singularity near the Fermi level. A proportionality between the incommensurability amplitude and the critical temperature is predicted, suggesting a close relation between superconductivity and incommensurate magnetism.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures in one Postscript file, RevTeX
Machine learning the gap between real and simulated nebulae: A domain-adaptation approach to classify ionised nebulae in nearby galaxies
Creators: name: Belfiore, Francesco
name: Ginolfi, Michele
name: Blanc, Guillermo
name: Boquien, Mederic
name: Chevance, Melanie
name: Congiu, Enrico
name: Glover, Simon C. O.
name: Groves, Brent
name: Klessen, Ralf S.
name: Méndez-Delgado, Eduardo
name: Williams, Thomas G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classifying ionised nebulae in nearby galaxies is crucial to studying stellar feedback mechanisms and understanding the physical conditions of the interstellar medium. This classification task is generally performed by comparing observed line ratios with photoionisation simulations of different types of nebulae (HII regions, planetary nebulae, and supernova remnants). However, due to simplifying assumptions, such simulations are generally unable to fully reproduce the line ratios in observed nebulae. This discrepancy limits the performance of the classical machine-learning approach, where a model is trained on the simulated data and then used to classify real nebulae. For this study, we used a domain-adversarial neural network (DANN) to bridge the gap between photoionisation models (source domain) and observed ionised nebulae from the PHANGS-MUSE survey (target domain). The DANN is an example of a domain-adaptation algorithm, whose goal is to maximise the performance of a model trained on labelled data in the source domain on an unlabelled target domain by extracting domain-invariant features. Our results indicate a significant improvement in classification performance in the target domain when employing the DANN framework compared to a classical neural network (NN) classifier. Additionally, we investigated the impact of adding noise to the source dataset, finding that noise injection acts as a form of regularisation, further enhancing the performances of both the NN and DANN models on the observational data. The combined use of domain adaptation and noise injection improved the classification accuracy in the target domain by 23%. This study highlights the potential of domain adaptation methods in tackling the domain-shift challenge when using theoretical models to train machine-learning pipelines in astronomy.
description: Accepted in A&A
title: Institutsordnungen für die Wissenschaftlichen Einrichtungen des Fachbereichs für Physik und Geowissenschaften (FB 2)
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Braunschweig, Fachbereich 2
Year: 1983
Subjects: subject: Institutsordnung
subject: 379

description: Hochschulöffentliche Bekanntmachungen der Technischen Universität Braunschweig
Proprioseiopsina Chant & McMurtry
Creators: name: Abo-Shnaf, Reham
name: Zaki, Ayman Y.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Mesostigmata
Phytoseiidae

description: Subtribe Proprioseiopsina Chant & McMurtry  Proprioseiopsina Chant & McMurtry 2004: 219 ; 2007: 85.
description: Published as part of Abo-Shnaf, Reham & Zaki, Ayman Y., 2022, A new species of Proprioseiopsis (Mesostigmata, Phytoseiidae), with a dichotomous key to reported species from Egypt, pp. 352-358 in Acarologia 62 (2) on page 353, DOI: 10.24349/inzn-l21b, http://zenodo.org/record/7160352
PolyVR - A Virtual Reality Authoring Framework for Engineering Applications
Creators: name: Häfner, Victor
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2019
Subjects: virtual reality
virtual engineering
product development process
plant engineering
virtualization
automation
simulation
virtual reality engine
open world
authoring
virtual commissioning
front loading
virtual mock-up
functional mock-up
kinematics
geometric analysis
computer aided design

description: Die virtuelle Realität ist ein fantastischer Ort, frei von Einschränkungen und vielen Möglichkeiten. Für Ingenieure ist dies der perfekte Ort, um Wissenschaft und Technik zu erleben, es fehlt jedoch die Infrastruktur, um die virtuelle Realität zugänglich zu machen, insbesondere für technische Anwendungen. Diese Arbeit bescheibt die Entstehung einer Softwareumgebung, die eine einfachere Entwicklung von Virtual-Reality-Anwendungen und deren Implementierung in immersiven Hardware-Setups ermöglicht. Virtual Engineering, die Verwendung virtueller Umgebungen für Design-Reviews während des Produktentwicklungsprozesses, wird insbesondere von kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen nur äußerst selten eingesetzt. Die Hauptgründe sind nicht mehr die hohen Kosten für professionelle Virtual-Reality-Hardware, sondern das Fehlen automatisierter Virtualisierungsabläufe und die hohen Wartungs- und Softwareentwicklungskosten. Ein wichtiger Aspekt bei der Automatisierung von Virtualisierung ist die Integration von Intelligenz in künstlichen Umgebungen. Ontologien sind die Grundlage des menschlichen Verstehens und der Intelligenz. Die Kategorisierung unseres Universums in Begriffe, Eigenschaften und Regeln ist ein grundlegender Schritt von Prozessen wie Beobachtung, Lernen oder Wissen. Diese Arbeit zielt darauf ab, einen Schritt zu einem breiteren Einsatz von Virtual-Reality-Anwendungen in allen Bereichen der Wissenschaft und Technik zu entwickeln. Der Ansatz ist der Aufbau eines Virtual-Reality-Authoring-Tools, eines Softwarepakets zur Vereinfachung der Erstellung von virtuellen Welten und der Implementierung dieser Welten in fortschrittlichen immersiven Hardware-Umgebungen wie verteilten Visualisierungssystemen. Ein weiteres Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, das intuitive Authoring von semantischen Elementen in virtuellen Welten zu ermöglichen. Dies sollte die Erstellung von virtuellen Inhalten und die Interaktionsmöglichkeiten revolutionieren. Intelligente immersive Umgebungen sind der Schlüssel, um das Lernen und Trainieren in virtuellen Welten zu fördern, Prozesse zu planen und zu überwachen oder den Weg für völlig neue Interaktionsparadigmen zu ebnen.
Direct observation of twist mode in electroconvection in I52
Creators: name: Dennin, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I report on the direct observation of a uniform twist mode of the director field in electroconvection in I52. Recent theoretical work suggests that such a uniform twist mode of the director field is responsible for a number of secondary bifurcations in both electroconvection and thermal convection in nematics. I show here evidence that the proposed mechanisms are consistent with being the source of the previously reported SO2 state of electroconvection in I52. The same mechanisms also contribute to a tertiary Hopf bifurcation that I observe in electroconvection in I52. There are quantitative differences between the experiment and calculations that only include the twist mode. These differences suggest that a complete description must include effects described by the weak-electrolyte model of electroconvection.
A conserved SUMO pathway repairs topoisomerase DNA-protein cross-links by engaging ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation
Creators: name: Sun, Yilun
name: Jenkins, Lisa M Miller
name: Su, Yijun P
name: Nitiss, Karin
name: Nitiss, John
name: Pommier, Yves
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 3101
subject: Biochemistry and cell biology

description: Topoisomerases form transient covalent DNA cleavage complexes to perform their reactions. Topoisomerase I cleavage complexes (TOP1ccs) are trapped by camptothecin and TOP2ccs by etoposide. Proteolysis of the trapped topoisomerase DNA-protein cross-links (TOP-DPCs) is a key step for some pathways to repair these lesions. We describe a pathway that features a prominent role of the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) modification for both TOP1- and TOP2-DPC repair. Both undergo rapid and sequential SUMO-2/3 and SUMO-1 modifications in human cells. The SUMO ligase PIAS4 is required for these modifications. RNF4, a SUMO-targeted ubiquitin ligase (STUbL), then ubiquitylates the TOP-DPCs for their subsequent degradation by the proteasome. This pathway is conserved in yeast with Siz1 and Slx5-Slx8, the orthologs of human PIAS4 and RNF4.
Signature-based IaaS Performance Change Detection
Creators: name: Fattah, Sheik Mohammad Mostakim
name: Bouguettaya, Athman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a novel change detection framework to identify changes in the long-term performance behavior of an IaaS service. An IaaS service's long-term performance behavior is represented by an IaaS performance signature. The proposed framework leverages time series similarity measures and a sliding window technique to detect changes in IaaS performance signatures. We introduce a new IaaS performance noise model that enables the proposed framework to distinguish between performance noise and actual changes in performance. The proposed framework utilizes a novel Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) based approach to detect changes when prior knowledge about performance noise is available. A set of experiments is conducted using real-world datasets to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed change detection framework.
description: Published at ACM Transaction on Internet Technology. The paper was extended from the paper: arXiv:2007.11705
Four interactions in the sedenion curved spaces
Creators: name: Weng, Zi-Hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 46L87, 70G45, 83E15, 81Q65, 33E15, 34L40

description: The paper aims to apply the complex-sedenions to explore the field equations of four fundamental interactions, which are relevant to the classical mechanics and quantum mechanics, in the curved spaces. J. C. Maxwell was the first to utilize the quaternions to describe the property of electromagnetic fields. Nowadays the scholars introduce the complex-octonions to depict the electromagnetic and gravitational fields. And the complex-sedenions can be applied to study the field equations of the four interactions in the classical mechanics and quantum mechanics. Further, it is able to extend the field equations from the flat space into the curved space described with the complex-sedenions, by means of the tangent-frames and tensors. The research states that a few physical quantities will make a contribution to certain spatial parameters of the curved spaces. These spatial parameters may exert an influence on some operators (such as, divergence, gradient, and curl), impacting the field equations in the curved spaces, especially the field equations of the four quantum-fields in the quantum mechanics. Apparently the paper and General Relativity both confirm and succeed to the Cartesian academic thought of `the space is the extension of substance'.
description: International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics. 2018, 12. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1611.01019
title: Institutsordnungen für die Wissenschaftlichen Einrichtungen des Fachbereichs für Maschinenbau (FB 6)
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Braunschweig, Fachbereich 6
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: Institutsordnung
subject: 379

description: Hochschulöffentliche Bekanntmachungen der Technischen Universität Braunschweig
title: Seminar- und Institutsordnungen für die Wissenschaftlichen Einrichtungen des Fachbereichs für Erziehungswissenschaften (FB 9)
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Braunschweig, Fachbereich 9
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: Institutsordnung
subject: 379

description: Hochschulöffentliche Bekanntmachungen der Technischen Universität Braunschweig
Theoretical insights into the hydrophobicity of low index CeO2 surfaces
Creators: name: Fronzi, Marco
name: Assadi, M. Hussein N.
name: Hanaor, Dorian A. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hydrophobicity of CeO2 surfaces is examined here. Since wettability measurements are extremely sensitive to experimental conditions, we propose a general approach to obtain contact angles between water and ceria surfaces of specified orientations based on density functional calculations. In particular, we analysed the low index surfaces of this oxide to establish their interactions with water. According to our calculations, the CeO2 (111) surface was the most hydrophobic with a contact angle of Θ = 112.53° followed by (100) with Θ = 93.91°. The CeO2 (110) surface was, on the other hand, mildly hydrophilic with Θ = 64.09°. By combining our calculations with an atomistic thermodynamic approach, we found that the O terminated (100) surface was unstable unless fully covered by molecularly adsorbed water. We also identified a strong attractive interaction between the hydrogen atoms in water molecules and surface oxygen, which gives rise to the hydrophilic behaviour of (110) surfaces. Interestingly, the adsorption of water molecules on the lower-energy (111) surface stabilises oxygen vacancies, which are expected to enhance the catalytic activity of this plane. The findings here shed light on the origin of the intrinsic wettability of rare earth oxides in general and CeO2 surfaces in particular and also explain why CeO2 (100) surface properties are so critically dependant on applied synthesis methods.
Modeling Heterogeneity in Temporal Dynamics: Extending Latent State-Trait Autoregressive and Cross-lagged Panel Models to Mixture Distribution Models
Creators: name: Holtmann, Jana
name: Eid, Michael
name: Santangelo, Philip S.
name: Kockler, Tobias D.
name: Ebner-Priemer, Ulrich W.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Longitudinal models suited for the analysis of panel data, such as cross-lagged panel or autoregressive latent-state trait models, assume population homogeneity with respect to the temporal dynamics of the variables under investigation. This assumption is likely to be too restrictive in a myriad of research areas. We propose an extension of autoregressive and cross-lagged latent state-trait models to mixture distribution models. The models allow researchers to model unobserved person heterogeneity and qualitative differences in longitudinal dynamics based on comparatively few observations per person, while taking into account temporal dependencies between observations as well as measurement error in the variables. The models are extended to include categorical covariates, to investigate the distribution of encountered latent classes across observed groups. The potential of the models is illustrated with an application to self-esteem and affect data in patients with borderline personality disorder, an anxiety disorder, and healthy control participants. Requirements for the models’ applicability are investigated in an extensive simulation study and recommendations for model applications are derived.
Dirac-Born -Infeld Equations
Creators: name: Fairlie, D. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Properties of the Dirac-Born-Infeld Lagrangian analogous to those of the Nambu-Goto String are analysed. In particular the Lagrangian is shown to be constant or zero on the space of solutions of the equations of motion if the Lagrangian is taken to any power other than 1/2.
description: 9 pages, LaTeX
title: Studienordnung für den Studiengang Pharmazie an der Technischen Universität Braunschweig
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Braunschweig
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: Studienordnung
subject: 379

description: Hochschulöffentliche Bekanntmachungen der Technischen Universität Braunschweig
Arte y archivo : reelaboraciones sobre el archivo de Javier Viera Múnera desde la práctica artística
Creators: name: Información, conocimiento y sociedad, Grupo de investigación
name: Toro Tamayo, Luis Carlos
name: Solórzano, Augusto
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 360699
subject: Visual arts not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 461001
subject: Digital curation and preservation
classificationCode: 461002
subject: Human information behaviour

description: Abstract:
A case study focused on the reinterpretation that the artist Alán Gómez makes of the private archive of the criminal lawyer Javier Viera Múnera, found in an antique shop in the city of Medellín, precedes a critical analysis on the relationship between art and archive. The use of creative art strategies is highlighted when challenging and renewing the way of recording, storing and transmitting archived information. It will be shown that the selection, description, classification and analysis tasks that the artist does about the social situations contained in the archive, promote a different vision of the time of the information. Through art, the common representation of the archive as a neutral and static entity is questioned.
Resumen:
Un estudio de caso focalizado en la reinterpretación que el artista Alán Gómez hace sobre el archivo particular del abogado penalista Javier Viera Múnera, hallado en un anticuario en la ciudad de Medellín, antecede a un análisis crítico sobre la relación entre arte y archivo. Se resalta el uso de estrategias creativas del arte a la hora de desafiar y renovar la manera de registrar, almacenar y transmitir la información archivada. Se mostrará que las tareas de selección, descripción, clasificación y análisis que hace el artista sobre las situaciones sociales contenidas en el archivo propician una visión distinta del tiempo de la información. A través del arte se cuestiona la representación común que se tiene del archivo como una entidad neutra y estática.
Validity of the Gor'kov expansion near the upper critical field in type II superconductors
Creators: name: Bruun, G. M.
name: Nicopoulos, V. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have examined the validity of the Gor'kov expansion in the strength of the order parameter of type II superconductors near the upper critical field. Although the degeneracy of the electron levels in a magnetic field gives non- perturbative terms in the solution to the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations we find, contrary to recent claims, that these non-perturbative terms cancel in the expression for the thermodynamic potential, and that the traditional Gor'kov theory is correct sufficiently close to Hc2 at finite temperature. We have derived conditions for the validity of the Gor'kov theory which essentially state, that the change in the quasiparticle energies as compared to the normal state energies cannot be too large compared to the temperature.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. One reference added
title: Pharmazeutische Zentralhalle für Deutschland 68. Jahrgang 1927
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Theodor Steinkopff
Year: 1927
Subjects: subject: 615

description: Pharmazeutische Zentralhalle für Deutschland: Zeitschrift für wissenschaftliche, praktische und geschäftliche Interessen der Pharmazie, vol. 68. 1927
Probing alloy formation using different excitonic species: The particular case of InGaN
Creators: name: Callsen, Gordon
name: Butté, Raphaël
name: Grandjean, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the early 1960s, alloys are commonly grouped into two classes, featuring bound states in the bandgap (I) or additional, non-discrete band states (II). Microscopic material parameters for class I alloys can directly be extracted from photoluminescence (PL) spectra, whereas any conclusions drawn for class II alloys usually remain indirect and limited to macroscopic assertions. Nonetheless, here, we present a spectroscopic study on exciton localization in a so-called mixed crystal alloy (class II) that allows us to access microscopic alloy parameters. We study bulk In$_x$Ga$_{1-x}$N epilayers at the onset of alloy formation (0 $\leq$ $x$ $\leq$ 2.4%) in order to understand the material's particular robustness to defects. Based on an in-depth PL analysis it is demonstrated how different excitonic complexes (free, bound, and complex bound excitons) can serve as a probe to monitor the dilute limit of class II alloys. From an $x$-dependent linewidth analysis we extract the length scales at which excitons become increasingly localized, meaning that they convert from a free to a bound particle upon alloy formation. Already at x = 2.4% the average exciton diffusion length is reduced to 5.7 $\pm$ 1.3 nm at a temperature of 12 K, thus, detrimental exciton transfer mechanisms towards non-radiative defects are suppressed. In addition, the associated low temperature PL data suggests that a single indium atom does not suffice in order to permanently capture an exciton. Micro-PL spectra even give access to a forthright probing of silicon bound excitons embedded in a particular environment of indium atoms, thanks to the emergence of a hierarchy of individual, energetically sharp emission lines (full width at half maximum $\approx$ 300 $μ$eV). Consequently, the present study allows us to extract first microscopic alloy properties formerly only accessible for class I alloys.
Proprioseiopsis Muma 1961
Creators: name: Abo-Shnaf, Reham
name: Zaki, Ayman Y.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Mesostigmata
Phytoseiidae
Proprioseiopsis

description: Genus Proprioseiopsis Muma
 Proprioseiopsis Muma 1961: 277.
description: Published as part of Abo-Shnaf, Reham & Zaki, Ayman Y., 2022, A new species of Proprioseiopsis (Mesostigmata, Phytoseiidae), with a dichotomous key to reported species from Egypt, pp. 352-358 in Acarologia 62 (2) on page 353, DOI: 10.24349/inzn-l21b, http://zenodo.org/record/7160352
Real-Time Monitoring of Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (FISH) Kinetics
Creators: name: Ostromohov, Nadya
name: Huber, Deborah
name: Bercovici, Moran
name: Kaigala, Govind V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel method for real-time monitoring and kinetic analysis of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). We implement the method using a vertical microfluidic probe containing a microstructure designed for rapid switching between a probe solution and a non-fluorescent imaging buffer. The FISH signal is monitored in real time during the imaging buffer wash, during which signal associated with unbound probes is removed. We provide a theoretical description of the method as well as a demonstration of its applicability using a model system of centromeric probes (Cen17). We demonstrate the applicability of the method for the characterization of FISH kinetics under conditions of varying probe concentration, destabilizing agent (formamide) content, volume exclusion agent (dextran sulfate) content, and ionic strength. We show that our method can be used to investigate the effect of each of these variables and provide insight into processes affecting in situ hybridization, facilitating the design of new assays.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Entropy of extremal black holes in asymptotically anti-de Sitter spacetime
Creators: name: Mitra, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unlike the extremal Reissner - Nordström black hole in ordinary spacetime, the one in anti-de Sitter spacetime is a minimum of action and has zero entropy if quantization is carried out after extremalization. However, if extremalization is carried out after quantization, then the entropy is a quarter of the area as in the usual case.
description: LaTeX, 9 pages; post-publication correction of sign-convention related errors
SMART Binary: New Sample Size Planning Resources for SMART Studies with Binary Outcome Measurements
Creators: name: Dziak, John J.
name: Almirall, Daniel
name: Dempsey, Walter
name: Stanger, Catherine
name: Nahum-Shani, Inbal
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Sequential Multiple-Assignment Randomized Trials (SMARTs) play an increasingly important role in psychological and behavioral health research. This experimental approach enables researchers to answer scientific questions about how to sequence and match interventions to the unique, changing needs of individuals. A variety of sample size planning resources for SMART studies have been developed, enabling researchers to plan SMARTs for addressing different types of scientific questions. However, relatively limited attention has been given to planning SMARTs with binary (dichotomous) outcomes, which often require higher sample sizes relative to continuous outcomes. Existing resources for estimating sample size requirements for SMARTs with binary outcomes do not consider the potential to improve power by including a baseline measurement and/or multiple repeated outcome measurements. The current paper addresses this issue by providing sample size planning simulation procedures and approximate formulas for two-wave repeated measures binary outcomes (i.e., two measurement times for the outcome variable, before and after intervention delivery). The simulation results agree well with the formulas. We also discuss how to use simulations to calculate power for studies with more than two outcome measurement occasions. Results show that having at least one repeated measurement of the outcome can substantially improve power under certain conditions.