cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Processes of Couple Co-Regulation in Bereavement: A Longitudinal Study
Creators: name: Barboza, Jessica
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: Five couples reported on their experience of coping with and supporting their partner through the loss of a child. In-depth interviews with these bereaved parents revealed that couples engage in processes of regulating self, regulating other and forming a grief rhythm after child-loss. These processes have important implications for future research and therapeutic practice with bereaved parents, couples, and families.
A search of CO emission lines in blazars: the low molecular gas content of BL Lac objects compared to quasars
Creators: name: Fumagalli, Michele
name: Dessauges-Zavadsky, Miroslava
name: Furniss, Amy
name: Prochaska, J. Xavier
name: Williams, David
name: Kaplan, Kyle
name: Hogan, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: BL Lacertae (Lac) objects that are detected at very-high energies (VHE) are of fundamental importance to study multiple astrophysical processes, including the physics of jets, the properties of the extragalactic background light and the strength of the intergalactic magnetic field. Unfortunately, since most blazars have featureless optical spectra that preclude a redshift determination, a substantial fraction of these VHE extragalactic sources cannot be used for cosmological studies. To assess whether molecular lines are a viable way to establish distances, we have undertaken a pilot program at the IRAM 30m telescope to search for CO lines in three BL Lac objects with known redshifts. We report a positive detection of M_H2 ~ 3x10^8 Msun toward 1ES 1959+650, but due to the poor quality of the baseline, this value is affected by a large systematic uncertainty. For the remaining two sources, W Comae and RGB J0710+591, we derive 3sigma upper limits at, respectively, M_H2 < 8.0x10^8 Msun and M_H2 < 1.6x10^9 Msun, assuming a line width of 150 km/s and a standard conversion factor alpha=4 M_sun/(K km/s pc^2). If these low molecular gas masses are typical for blazars, blind redshift searches in molecular lines are currently unfeasible. However, deep observations are still a promising way to obtain precise redshifts for sources whose approximate distances are known via indirect methods. Our observations further reveal a deficiency of molecular gas in BL Lac objects compared to quasars, suggesting that the host galaxies of these two types of active galactic nuclei (AGN) are not drawn from the same parent population. Future observations are needed to assess whether this discrepancy is statistically significant, but our pilot program shows how studies of the interstellar medium in AGN can provide key information to explore the connection between the active nuclei and the host galaxies.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures. MNRAS accepted
Time Delay Effect on the Love Dynamical Model
Creators: name: Son, Woo-Sik
name: Park, Young-Jai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effect of time delay on the dynamical model of love. The local stability analysis proves that the time delay on the return function can cause a Hopf bifurcation and a cyclic love dynamics. The condition for the occurrence of the Hopf bifurcation is also clarified. Through a numerical bifurcation analysis, we confirm the theoretical predictions on the Hopf bifurcation and obtain a universal bifurcation structure consisting of a supercritical Hopf bifurcation and a cascade of period-doubling bifurcations, i.e., a period doubling route to chaos.
description: To appear in Journal of Korean Physical Society
Additional file 1 of Genomic studies on Strongyloides stercoralis in northern and western Thailand
Creators: name: Aupalee, Kittipat
name: Wijit, Adulsak
name: Singphai, Kittikhun
name: Rödelsperger, Christian
name: Zhou, Siyu
name: Saeung, Atiporn
name: Streit, Adrian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Overview of sequencing data. The first two columns denote sample names and accessions in the European Nucleotide Archive. The third column indicates the total number of raw reads (paired end reads are counted as two reads). The fourth column indicates the number of aligned reads. The numbers of aligned may vary substantially due to different levels of contamination by bacteria and host tissue.
U.S.-Japan Relations: Accomplishments, Next Steps, Future Considerations
Creators: name: Garten, Jeffrey E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1994
Subjects: Commerce
International relations

description: "Today I want to try to apply the same thought process to American relations with Japan. I will start with a review of the Clinton Administration's policies over these past two years. Then I'll turn to the agenda for the next two. But most importantly, I would like to draw back and reflect on the overall strategic context of our relations for the remainder of this decade, and to point to some of the lessons we have learned and the broader challenges which we now face."
Star formation near an obscured AGN: Variations in the initial mass function
Creators: name: Hocuk, S.
name: Spaans, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The conditions that affect the formation of stars in radiatively and mechanically active environments are quite different than the conditions that apply to our local interstellar neighborhood. In such galactic environments, a variety of feedback processes can play a significant role in shaping the initial mass function (IMF). Here, we present a numerical study on the effects of an accreting black hole and the influence of nearby massive stars to a collapsing, 800 M_sun, molecular cloud at 10 pc distance from the black hole. We parametrize and study radiative feedback effects of hard X-rays emanating from the black hole broad line region, increased cosmic ray rates due to supernovae in starbursts, and strong UV radiation produced by nearby massive stars. We also investigate the importance of shear from the supermassive, 10^6-10^8 M_sun, black hole as the star-forming cloud orbits around it. We find that thermal pressure from X-rays compresses the cloud, which induces a high star formation rate early on, but reduces the overall star formation efficiency to about 7% due to gas depletion by evaporation. We see that the turn-over mass of the IMF increases up to a factor of 2.3, M_turn = 1-1.5 M_sun, for the model with the highest X-ray flux (160 erg s^-1 cm^-2), while the high-mass slope of the IMF becomes Gamma > -1. This results in more high mass stars and a non-Salpeter IMF. Cosmic rays penetrate deeply into the cloud and increase the gas temperature (50-200 K), which leads to a reduced formation efficiency of low mass stars. High cosmic ray rates increase the average mass of stars, thereby shifting the turn-over mass to higher values, i.e., up to several solar masses. Due to this process, the onset of star formation is also delayed. We conclude that the IMF inside active galaxies is different than the one obtained from local environments.
description: 25 pages, 17 figures
Scale-Up of Doppler to Improve Intrapartum Fetal Heart Rate Monitoring in Tanzania: A Qualitative Assessment of National and Regional/District Level Implementation Factors
Creators: name: Wheeler, Stephanie
name: Njonge, Lusekelo
name: Ramaswamy, Rohit
name: Drake, Mary
name: Singh, Kavita
name: Plotkin, Marya
name: Bishanga, Dunstan
name: Bundala, Felix
name: Lemwayi, Ruth
name: Rawlins, Barbara
name: George, John
name: Tibaijuka, Gaudiosa
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2020

description:
High-quality intrapartum care, including intermittent monitoring of fetal heart rates (FHR) to detect and manage abnormalities, is recommended by WHO and the Government of Tanzania (GoT) and creates potential to save newborn lives in Tanzania. Handheld Doppler devices have been investigated in several low-resource countries as an alternative to Pinard stethoscope and are more sensitive to detecting accelerations and decelerations of the fetal heart as compared to Pinard. This study assessed perspectives of high-level Tanzanian policymakers on facilitators and barriers to scaling up use of the hand-held Doppler for assessing FHR during labor and delivery. From November 2018-August 2019, nine high-level policymakers and subject matter experts were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire, with theoretical domains drawn from Proctor's implementation outcomes framework. Interviewees largely saw use of Doppler to improve intrapartum FHR monitoring as aligning with national priorities, though they noted competing demands for resources. They felt that GoT should fund Doppler, but prioritization and budgeting should be driven from district level. Recommended ways forward included learning from scale up of Helping Babies Breathe rollout, making training approaches effective, using clinical mentoring, and establishing systematic monitoring of outcomes. To be most effective, introduction of Doppler must be concurrent with improving case management practices for abnormal intrapartum FHR. WHO's guidance on scale-up, as well as implementation science frameworks, should be considered to guide implementation and evaluation.
Renormalization of the 2PI Hartree-Fock approximation on de Sitter background in the broken phase
Creators: name: Arai, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The infrared effects for light minimally coupled scalar fields with quartic self-interaction in de Sitter space is investigated using the 2PI effective action formalism. This formalism partially resums infinite series of loop diagrams, and enables us to circumvent the IR divergence problem for a massless minimally coupled scalar field in de Sitter space. It is anticipated that nonperturbative infrared effects generate a curvature-induced mass and self-regulate the IR divergence. However, due to its nonperturbative nature, the renormalization prescription is a nontrivial task. To calculate physical quantities, an appropriate renormalization prescription is required. In this paper, we will show that the MS-like scheme is possible at the Hartree-Fock truncation of the 2PI effective action, and infinite series of divergent terms are needed as counterterms. The phase structure and the quantum backreaction to Einstein's field equation are calculated.
description: 25 pages, 2 figures, title changed, section 1 and 6 revised, typos corrected, results not changed
Self-Control for the Righteous: Toward a Theory of Luxury Pre-Commitment
Creators: name: Kivetz, Ran
name: Simonson, Itamar
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Prior research has examined consumers' use of self-control to avoid hedonic (myopic) temptations, such as overbuying and smoking. This paper proposes that consumers often exercise the opposite form of self-control, whereby they attempt to avoid default forms of spending on necessities and savings in favor of luxury, hedonic purchases. In particular, given the difficulty of choosing hedonic luxury items over necessities and cash in everyday (local) decisions, under certain conditions, consumers pre-commit to hedonic luxury consumption. Such precommitments to hedonic luxuries are more likely to occur when their psychological cost is less concrete. These propositions were tested in a series of studies involving real and hypothetical choices as well as process measures. The results indicate that a substantial segment of consumers choose hedonic luxury prizes over cash of equal or greater value; most of these consumers explain such choices as motivated by the need to pre-commit in order to guarantee a hedonic luxury experience and that the award does not end up in the pool of money used for necessities. In addition, consistent with our analysis, the likelihood of pre-committing to hedonic luxuries is enhanced when (a) the consequences of the decision will be realized farther in the future, (b) the odds of winning the reward are lower, and (c) consumers anticipate how they will use each possible award. We also show that hedonic luxury awards are more effective than cash as incentives for participation in a (real) lottery. The theoretical and practical implications of the results are discussed.
On the superfield supersymmetric aether-like Lorentz-breaking models
Creators: name: Farias, C. F.
name: Lehum, A. C.
name: Nascimento, J. R.
name: Petrov, A. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the superfield approach, we formulate the superfield supersymmetric aether-like Lorentz-breaking models, both in three- and in four-dimensional cases.
description: 12 pages, new material and references added
How the Japanese financial system and its main bank system have dealt with generic issues of financial development
Creators: name: Patrick, Hugh T.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1997
Subjects: Economics
Finance

description: The Japanese main bank system is one of very intensive relationships between a large commercial bank – the main bank – and its large industrial and commercial borrowers. It involves close monitoring by the bank of the company, gathering detailed information not otherwise available on company plans and performance. In return for this intrusive activity by the bank, if the company falls into financial distress the main bank has a special responsibility to rescue and restructure it if that makes economic sense.. This system developed in the early period of great difficulty and uncertainty following World War II, and developed and flourished up until the mid-1970s, the era of exceptionally rapid economic growth, high rates of investment, and huge needs for business fixed investment.
Market discipline and deposit insurance reform in Japan
Creators: name: Imai, Masami
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Commerce

description: This paper examines the relationship between market discipline and the deposit insurance system in Japan using unique data set on bank-level weekly deposit rates in Japan. I find that when the government provided an unlimited coverage for all bank deposits, the risk profile of banks had no effect on either interest rates of deposits or the quantity of deposits. That is, depositors failed to monitor and punish risky banks. On the other hand, when the government imposed an insurance limit on time deposits, 10 million yen (approximately $100,000) per depositor per bank, risky banks started offering higher interest rates on time deposits and attracting less time deposits than financially strong banks. In addition, as expected, the interest rates differential between partially insured time deposits and fully insured ordinary deposits increased for financially weak banks. These two pieces of evidence indicate the emergence of market discipline. However, after the reform, the implicit guarantee provided by the government became a more important determinant of interest rates and deposit growth, thereby partially offsetting the positive effects of deposit insurance reform on market discipline. Because of this implicit guarantee, overall effects of deposit insurance reform on market discipline are likely to be small.
Bericht über die Tätigikeit der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission in der Zeit vom 1. Januar 1965 bis 31. Dezember 1966
Creators: name: Krämer, Werner
name: Schönberger, Hans
Publisher: name: Bericht der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission
Year: 2023

description: Bericht der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission, Bd. 46/47 1965/1966 (1968): Bericht der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission
Efficacy of composting to decontaminate Cryptococcus gattii-colonized plant waste
Creators: name: Ge, Bin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Cryptococcus gattii is a human fungal pathogen that emerged on Vancouver Island, BC in 1999. This study aimed to investigate C. gattii survival in composting systems and occupational exposure to C. gattii in work tasks associated with composting. The presence of C. gattii was monitored in composting feedstock and product for one calendar year in a municipal composting facility in Cumberland, BC. Additionally, the survival of an environmental C. gattii isolate was tested in a composting experiment conducted with custom-designed composters that simulated in-vessel composting and home backyard composting. Potential inhalation occupational exposure to C. gattii while performing composting-related tasks were measured during residential yard waste chipping by city workers in Parksville, BC and during the composting experiment where C. gattii contaminated feedstock was composted. C. gattii persisted through three out of five in-vessel composting trials despite high composting temperatures (mean > 60ºC, peak 85ºC) which were achieved evenly throughout the composting material for long periods (> 65 hours). C. gattii was also detected in one out of two yard composting trials after 60 days of composting. The year-long composting feedstock and compost monitoring for C. gattii returned no positive samples. Air sampling during composting-related work tasks found no detectable level of C. gattii. Current composting standard and practice in BC are unlikely to be adequate in eliminating C. gattii from contaminated composting feedstock. Based on the results of this study, the risks of occupational exposure to C. gattii during residential yard waste chipping and composting of contaminated material are low.
Possible Disintegrating Short-Period Super-Mercury Orbiting KIC 12557548
Creators: name: Rappaport, S.
name: Levine, A.
name: Chiang, E.
name: Mellah, I. El
name: Jenkins, J.
name: Kalomeni, B.
name: Kite, E. S.
name: Kotson, M.
name: Nelson, L.
name: Rousseau-Nepton, L.
name: Tran, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report here on the discovery of stellar occultations, observed with Kepler, that recur periodically at 15.685 hour intervals, but which vary in depth from a maximum of 1.3% to a minimum that can be less than 0.2%. The star that is apparently being occulted is KIC 12557548, a K dwarf with T_eff = 4400 K and V = 16. Because the eclipse depths are highly variable, they cannot be due solely to transits of a single planet with a fixed size. We discuss but dismiss a scenario involving a binary giant planet whose mutual orbit plane precesses, bringing one of the planets into and out of a grazing transit. We also briefly consider an eclipsing binary, that either orbits KIC 12557548 in a hierarchical triple configuration or is nearby on the sky, but we find such a scenario inadequate to reproduce the observations. We come down in favor of an explanation that involves macroscopic particles escaping the atmosphere of a slowly disintegrating planet not much larger than Mercury. The particles could take the form of micron-sized pyroxene or aluminum oxide dust grains. The planetary surface is hot enough to sublimate and create a high-Z atmosphere; this atmosphere may be loaded with dust via cloud condensation or explosive volcanism. Atmospheric gas escapes the planet via a Parker-type thermal wind, dragging dust grains with it. We infer a mass loss rate from the observations of order 1 M_E/Gyr, with a dust-to-gas ratio possibly of order unity. For our fiducial 0.1 M_E planet, the evaporation timescale may be ~0.2 Gyr. Smaller mass planets are disfavored because they evaporate still more quickly, as are larger mass planets because they have surface gravities too strong to sustain outflows with the requisite mass-loss rates. The occultation profile evinces an ingress-egress asymmetry that could reflect a comet-like dust tail trailing the planet; we present simulations of such a tail.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures; submitted to ApJ, January 10, 2012; accepted March 21, 2012
Building the corporate risk control system with some viewpoints on the risk psychology
Creators: name: Goto, Shigeyuki
name: Hayakawa, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Economics

description: The recent series of corporate scandals in the U.S. and Japan force the corporate management to rebuild the capability to minimize potential losses from such scandals. An effective risk management scheme should be built into the entity's infrastructure and also as part of the essence of the enterprise. In order to have an effective risk management scheme, we should consider the management and other member's psychological aspects of decision-making in both individual and group settings. This is because the corporate process is pursued by the people who make up the organization.
3D Imaging of a Phase Object from a Single Sample Orientation Using an Optical Laser
Creators: name: Chen, Chien-Chun
name: Jiang, Huaidong
name: Rong, Lu
name: Salha, Sara
name: Xu, Rui
name: Mason, Thomas G.
name: Miao, Jianwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ankylography is a new 3D imaging technique, which, under certain circumstances, enables reconstruction of a 3D object from a single sample orientation. Here, we provide a matrix rank analysis to explain the principle of ankylography. We then present an ankylography experiment on a microscale phase object using an optical laser. Coherent diffraction patterns are acquired from the phase object using a planar CCD detector and are projected onto a spherical shell. The 3D structure of the object is directly reconstructed from the spherical diffraction pattern. This work may potentially open the door to a new method for 3D imaging of phase objects in the visible light region. Finally, the extension of ankylography to more complicated and larger objects is suggested.
description: 22 pages 5 figures
Capital Flows and Macroeconomic Policy in Emerging Economies
Creators: name: Agosin, Manuel R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Managerial economics
Economics

description: In emerging economies, capital flows are large relative to the domestic economy and very volatile, making the normal tasks of macroeconomic management exceedingly difficult. This paper argues in favor of explicit policies to regulate the size and volatility of capital flows into developing economies. The paper also derives implications for exchange rate, monetary, and fiscal policies and for banking regulation.
Policy Space and Voting Coalitions in Congress: The Bearing of Policy on Politics, 1930-1954
Creators: name: Katznelson, Ira
name: Lapinski, John
name: Razaghian, Rose
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Public policy (Law)

description: The question of how the substance of politics helps shape legislative coalitions and bases of support has been displaced from the center of studies of Congress since the publication of pioneering work in the 1960s and early 1970s. Seeking to revive this research program, the authors apply an original coding scheme in tandem with a factor analytic analysis of voting and policy space to the period spanning the last years of the Hoover presidency to the start of Eisenhower's. Investigating legislator parameters—the dimensions of voting space—and roll call parameters—the dimensions of policy space—the paper confirms the strong independent impact of the substance of policy on the political decisions of legislators and reveals an issue-specific concatenation of party and region that altered over the course of the period.
Fiscal Spillovers between Local Governments: Keeping up with the Joneses' School District
Creators: name: Reback, Randall Lawrence
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Economics

description: Although there is a large theoretical literature concerning tax and expenditure competition between local governments, there is relatively little empirical evidence concerning whether such competition actually occurs. In the context of U.S. public school districts, the fiscal behavior of one district could affect the revenue decisions of other, nearby districts. Using financial and geographic data for every school district in the U.S. from 1972 to 2002, this paper estimates the magnitude of fiscal spillovers between districts. The results confirm that districts' revenues are influenced by exogenous shocks in their neighbors' revenues, especially for districts that are already outspending their neighbors. A one dollar increase in the mean revenues per pupil of nearby districts leads to about a 20-cent increase in a district's own revenues per pupil. These results have important implications for the optimal design of school finance programs.
Memory and image
Creators: name: Pinotti, Andrea
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Arts
Aesthetics

description: "One possible way of practicing art history as a history of the cultural tradition is to establish a “chain” among the artistic phenomena, so that the last phenomenon is the most derivate, and determined by the previous degrees influencing it (as regards forms, themes, styles, and so on), up to the origin of the chain itself as a the Prime Mover, the primum momentum agens. Such method has something to do (although it is not identical with) an aetiological (causalistic – deterministic) approach based on the cause-effect model, and it seems quite close to the genealogical “family tree” which reconstructs the origins of a family through the different levels of kinship."
Modeling the Spectrum of IGR J17177-3656
Creators: name: Ma, Renyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The correlation between radio and X-ray luminosity in the hard state of black hole X-ray binaries is important for unveiling the relation between the accretion flow and the jets. In this paper, we have modeled the quasi-simultaneous multi-band observations of a recently discovered transient X-ray source, IGR J17177-3656. It is found that the source is probably an outlier following the steep radio/X-ray correlation rather than an outlier in the transition region as suggested by Paizis et al. (2011). It is also found that the multi-band spectrum can be successfully modeled by the luminous hot accretion flow (LHAF) but less likely by the advection dominated accretion flow (ADAF). Our results support the point that LHAF can explain the steep radio/X-ray correlation.
description: 5 pages. Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letter
title: Fire and Flow: Assessing the Long-Term Effects of Wildfires and Impact of High Flow Events on Phosphorus Concentrations in Mountain Streams
Creators: name: Watts, Rachel
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: Climate change has led to significant shifts in the Earth’s weather patterns, often leading to longer, more intense droughts, irregular but extreme storms, and more severe wildfires with longer burn durations. These weather pattern changes have frequently led to shifts in ecosystem dynamics, impacting aspects such as nutrient flux, species diversity, and overall habitat health. Regarding nutrient flux specifically, changes in phosphorus (P) concentrations can negatively impact stream systems as elevated levels can lead to toxic algal blooms, which can cause habitat degradation, loss of usable recreational areas, and large fish kills. A common trigger of these P spikes is the occurrence of wildfires. As fire burns plants and other organic matter, it can often release trapped P, making it available for uptake by flora and fauna. However, if it is not immediately taken up, it can be transported to streams via storm runoff. Furthermore, as droughts, another common trigger, continue to get more severe, the likelihood of P accumulation throughout undisturbed water pathways and riverbed sediments significantly increases. Then, once a storm finally occurs and the flow pathways are disturbed, the accumulated P is mobilized and transported to streams via runoff, further contributing to spikes in P levels. In this study, we explored the influence of riverbed disturbance on stream P concentrations as well as the potential existence of any long-term repercussions of wildfire on P mobility. For one spring snowmelt season and two summer monsoon seasons, we collected water samples during riverbed-disturbing high flow events and deployed P catching devices in streams located in a 9-year-old burn scar. We found that riverbed sediments disturbed by high intensity rainstorms can influence the overall source of P in water columns, which switched between proximal and distal sources. We also found that despite short-term spikes typically found after a wildfire, stream P levels can significantly decrease long-term. This knowledge is important because a better understanding of these trends could foster improvements of strategies for water quality monitoring, restoration efforts, and the protection of natural resources by managing agencies.
Quantum equilibration in finite time
Creators: name: Short, Anthony J.
name: Farrelly, Terence C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has recently been shown that small quantum subsystems generically equilibrate, in the sense that they spend most of the time close to a fixed equilibrium state. This relies on just two assumptions: that the state is spread over many different energies, and that the Hamiltonian has non-degenerate energy gaps. Given the same assumptions, it has also been shown that closed systems equilibrate with respect to realistic measurements. We extend these results in two important ways. First, we prove equilibration over a finite (rather than infinite) time-interval, allowing us to bound the equilibration time. Second, we weaken the non degenerate energy gaps condition, showing that equilibration occurs provided that no energy gap is hugely degenerate.
description: 7 pages
Probing deviations from General Relativity with the Euclid spectroscopic survey
Creators: name: Majerotto, Elisabetta
name: Guzzo, Luigi
name: Samushia, Lado
name: Percival, Will J.
name: Wang, Yun
name: de la Torre, Sylvain
name: Garilli, Bianca
name: Franzetti, Paolo
name: Rossetti, Emanuel
name: Cimatti, Andrea
name: Carbone, Carmelita
name: Roche, Nathan
name: Zamorani, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the ability of the planned Euclid mission to detect deviations from General Relativity using its extensive redshift survey of more than 50 Million galaxies. Constraints on the gravity theory are placed measuring the growth rate of structure within 14 redshift bins between z=0.7 and z=2. The growth rate is measured from redshift-space distortions, i.e. the anisotropy of the clustering pattern induced by coherent peculiar motions. This is performed in the overall context of the Euclid spectroscopic survey, which will simultaneously measure the expansion history of the universe, using the power spectrum and its baryonic features as a standard ruler, accounting for the relative degeneracies of expansion and growth parameters. The resulting expected errors on the growth rate in the different redshift bins, expressed through the quantity fσ_8, range between 1.3% and 4.4%. We discuss the optimisation of the survey configuration and investigate the important dependence on the growth parameterisation and the assumed cosmological model. We show how a specific parameterisation could actually drive the design towards artificially restricted regions of the parameter space. Finally, in the framework of the popular "γ-parameterisation", we show that the Euclid spectroscopic survey alone will already be able to provide substantial evidence (in Bayesian terms) if the growth index differs from the GR value γ=0.55 by at least \sim 0.13. This will combine with the comparable inference power provided by the Euclid weak lensing survey, resulting in Euclid's unique ability to provide a decisive test of modified gravity.
description: 18 pages, 15 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Introduction to "Privatization: Successes and Failures"
Creators: name: Roland, Gerard
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Managerial economics
Economics

description: Privatization of large state-owned enterprises has been one of the most radical new policies of the last quarter century. While many countries had engaged in large nationalization programs during the decades following World War II, Margaret Thatcher initiated a policy swing in the other direction in the 1980s by pushing for aggressive privatization of many of the large state-owned British firms. In the following two decades, privatization policies were implemented throughout the planet, as both left and right leaning governments alike undertook a policy of privatization. Right wing governments engaged in privatization in an effort to keep down the size of government, while Left wing governments implemented privatization policies in order to generate revenues, and also because they were persuaded of the virtues of markets and competition after being disappointed with the inefficiencies of large state-owned firms. In this way, privatization spread from Europe to Latin America, Asia and Africa, reaching a high point with the transition from socialism to capitalism following the fall of the Berlin wall. Transition economies were then faced with the task of privatizing their whole economies. In theses cases, quite diverse policies were put in place, ranging from a gradual sale of state property to foreign and domestic investors (as was the case in Hungary and Poland) to more radical programs called "mass privatization programs" which resulted in the rapid giveaway of state owned assets.
title: Bericht der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission, Bd. 46/47 1965/1966 (1968): Bericht der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission
title: Bd. 46/47 1965/1966 (1968): Bericht der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Bericht Der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission
Publisher: name: Bericht der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission
Year: 2023

description: Bericht über die Tätigikeit der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission in der Zeit vom 1. Januar 1965 bis 31. Dezember 1966...175-183 Inhaltsverzeichnis Widmung Titelei
SUMCASTEC_190202_NA_BangorWSPres_Workshop Presentation_.pdf_Bangor_W. Gamal_Public_NA
Creators: name: W. Gamal
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Presentation given by Dr Wesam Gamal at the workshop on EM field interaction with biological tissues for cancer and regenerative medicine held in Bangor, UK on July 13th 2018. The presentation is entitled "Dielectric characterization of brain cancer cell lines..."
Tan's distributions and Fermi-Huang pseudopotential in momentum space
Creators: name: Valiente, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The long-standing question of finding the momentum representation for the s-wave zero-range interaction in three spatial dimensions is here solved. This is done by expressing a certain distribution, introduced in a formal way by S. Tan [Ann. Phys. 323, 2952 (2008)], explicitly. The resulting form of the Fourier-transformed pseudopotential remains very simple. Operator forms for the so-called Tan's selectors which, together with Fermi-Huang pseudopotential, largely simplify the derivation of Tan's universal relations for the Fermi gas, are here derived and are also very simple. A momentum cut-off version of the pseudopotential is also provided, and with this no apparent contradiction with the notion of integrals in Tan's methods is left. The equivalence, even at the intermediate step level, between the pseudopotential approach and momentum-space renormalization of the bare Dirac delta interaction is then shown by using the explicit form of the cut-off pseudopotential.
description: 5 pages, no figures
A Development-Friendly Prioritization of Doha Round Proposals
Creators: name: Charlton, Andrew H.
name: Stiglitz, Joseph E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Managerial economics
Economics

description: Agriculture looms large on the WTO's agenda. It was the first substantive item listed in the work program of the Ministerial Declaration launching the Doha Round, and it was arguably at the centre of the failure at Cancun. Developing countries made it clear both before and during the Cancun meeting that progress on agriculture was their primary objective. Negotiations in other areas have received less attention and progressed more slowly. This paper considers that prioritisation and suggests that the interests of developing countries in the current round of trade negotiations are much broader than is suggested by the narrow range of agricultural issues that have dominated negotiations. A true development round would require a significant reprioritisation of many areas of the WTO's current agenda.
1D study of radiation-dominated implosion of a cylindrical tungsten plasma column
Creators: name: Basko, M. M.
name: Sasorov, P. V.
name: Murakami, M.
name: Novikov, V. G.
name: Grushin, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectral properties of the x-ray pulses, generated by perfectly uniform cylindrical implosions of tungsten plasma with parameters typical of wire array z-pinches, are investigated under the simplifying assumption that the final stage of the kinetic-to-radiant energy conversion is not affected by the magnetic field. The x-ray emission is shown to be generated within a narrow (sub-micron) radiation-dominated stagnation shock front with a "supercritical" amplitude. The structure of the stagnation shock is investigated by using two independent radiation-hydrodynamics codes, and by constructing an approximate analytical model. The x-ray spectra are calculated for two values of the plasma column mass, 0.3 mg/cm and 6 mg/cm, with a newly developed two-dimensional radiation-hydrodynamics code RALEF-2D. The hard component of the spectrum (with a blackbody-fit temperature of 0.5-0.6 keV for the 6-mg/cm mass) originates from a narrow peak of the electron temperature inside the stagnation shock. The softer main component emerges from an extended halo, where the primary shock radiation is reemitted by colder layers of the imploding plasma. Our calculated x-ray spectrum for the 6-mg/cm tungsten column agrees well with the published Sandia experimental data (Foord et al., 2004, Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 93, 055002).
description: 29 pages, 21 figures; reported at the 8th International Conference on Dense Z-pinches (DZP-2011), Biarritz, France, June 5-9, 2011
SUMCASTEC_190202_NA_CardiffUSeminar_Invited talk presentation_.pdf_Bangor_C. Palego_Public_NA
Creators: name: Palego, C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Invited seminar presentation given by Dr C. Palego at the Center for High Frequency Electronics, Cardiff University. Title: “Tiny chips: from bee wearable electronics to cancer stem cells seek and destroy" on Oct. 22nd 2018, Cardiff, UK.
description: Other funders supporting the work in this talk: Welsh European Funding Office (KESS2 Programme), National Research Network on Engineering and Advanced Materials Project No. 162.
Substitutability Cross-Stream Between Oriented Markets: Conventions in the Wine Sector of France
Creators: name: White, Harrison C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Economics

description: I explicitly model the social mechanism that constructs markets. Producers array along a market profile along which buyers trade off quality for volume. Outcome features can be predicted from two ratios of parameters, yielding a MAP. Five distinct families of market cultures correspond to its regions. As previous work showed, Supply equaling Demand is transmuted into matchings across local variabilities of valuation with volume and with quality. Such matching is vulnerable to unraveling, but it can be achieved with market oriented either upstream or downstream. This paper probes siphoning between markets lying cross-stream and thus generalizes substitutability within a market. Siphoning is shown to support markets whose members face increasing returns to scale, which violates orthodox microeconomics. Figure 8 illustrates key findings. Results illuminate the wine sector in France.
Geometrodynamics of spherically symmetric Lovelock gravity
Creators: name: Kunstatter, Gabor
name: Taves, Tim
name: Maeda, Hideki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the Hamiltonian for spherically symmetric Lovelock gravity using the geometrodynamics approach pioneered by Kuchař in the context of four-dimensional general relativity. When written in terms of the areal radius, the generalized Misner-Sharp mass and their conjugate momenta, the generic Lovelock action and Hamiltonian take on precisely the same simple forms as in general relativity. This result supports the interpretation of Lovelock gravity as the natural higher-dimensional extension of general relativity. It also provides an important first step towards the study of the quantum mechanics, Hamiltonian thermodynamics and formation of generic Lovelock black holes.
description: 10 pages, references and derivation details added, final version accepted by CQG (Fast Track)
Fractionalizing Majorana fermions: non-abelian statistics on the edges of abelian quantum Hall states
Creators: name: Lindner, Netanel H.
name: Berg, Erez
name: Refael, Gil
name: Stern, Ady
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the non-abelian statistics characterizing systems where counter-propagating gapless modes on the edges of fractional quantum Hall states are gapped by proximity-coupling to superconductors and ferromagnets. The most transparent example is that of a fractional quantum spin Hall state, in which electrons of one spin direction occupy a fractional quantum Hall state of $ν= 1/m$, while electrons of the opposite spin occupy a similar state with $ν= -1/m$. However, we also propose other examples of such systems, which are easier to realize experimentally. We find that each interface between a region on the edge coupled to a superconductor and a region coupled to a ferromagnet corresponds to a non-abelian anyon of quantum dimension $\sqrt{2m}$. We calculate the unitary transformations that are associated with braiding of these anyons, and show that they are able to realize a richer set of non-abelian representations of the braid group than the set realized by non-abelian anyons based on Majorana fermions. We carry out this calculation both explicitly and by applying general considerations. Finally, we show that topological manipulations with these anyons cannot realize universal quantum computation.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures; references added, typos corrected, minor changes according to referee's comments
Parental Wealth Effects on Living Standards and Asset Holdings: Results from Chile
Creators: name: Torche, Florencia
name: Spilerman, Seymour
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Economics

description: This paper examines aspects of the replication of inequality across generations in Chile and assesses the extent to which particular parental resources influence the living standards and wealth holdings of adult children. Parental resources are measured by education, occupational status and household wealth, using information about the parents of both respondent and spouse. Living standard of the respondent is indexed by four common living standard components; household wealth by five asset types. We find that each of the parental resources contributes to the living standard outcomes and that the path of transmission is through parental investments in the educational attainment of children. In comparison, it is principally parental wealth, among the parental asset types, that impacts upon children's asset holdings. Moreover, the main path of transmission is one of direct transfers by parents, rather than investments in the education and earnings of offspring. The analysis employs both regression formulations for each of the outcome variables and LISREL models which view the living standard components as indicators of a latent standard of living construct, and the asset measures as indicators of a latent household wealth construct.
Computing the Singularities of Rational Surfaces
Creators: name: Perez-Diaz, S.
name: Sendra, J. R.
name: Villarino, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given a rational projective parametrization $\cP(\ttt,\sss,\vvv)$ of a rational projective surface $\cS$ we present an algorithm such that, with the exception of a finite set (maybe empty) $\cB$ of projective base points of $\cP$, decomposes the projective parameter plane as $\projdos\setminus \cB=\cup_{k=1}^{\ell} \cSm_k$ such that if $(\ttt_0:\sss_0:\vvv_0)\in \cSm_k$ then $\cP(\ttt_0,\sss_0,\vvv_0)$ is a point of $\cS$ of multiplicity $k$.
description: In this new version, we only have changed the thanks. In particular, we have written: This work was developed, and partially supported, under the research project MTM2008-04699-C03-01 "Variedades param\'etricas: algoritmos y aplicaciones", Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\'on, Spain and by "Fondos Europeos de Desarrollo Regional" of the European Union
Developments of a 2D Position Sensitive Neutron Detector
Creators: name: Tian, Li-Chao
name: Tang, Bin
name: Wang, Xiao-Hu
name: Liu, Rong-Guang
name: Zhang, Jian
name: Chen, Yuan-Bo
name: Sun, Zhi-Jia
name: Xu, Hong
name: Yang, Gui-An
name: Zhang, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chinese Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS), one project of the 12th five-year-plan scheme of China, is under construction in Guangdong province. Three neutron spectrometers will be installed at the first phase of the project, where two-dimensional position sensitive thermal neutron detectors are required. Before the construction of the neutron detector, a prototype of two-dimensional 200 mmx200 mm Multi-wire Proportional Chamber (MWPC) with the flowing gas of Ar/CO2 (90/10) has been constructed and tested with the 55Fe X-Ray using part of the electronics in 2009, which showed a good performance. Following the test in 2009, the neutron detector has been constructed with the complete electronics and filled with the 6atm.3He + 2.5atm.C3H8 gas mixture in 2010. The neutron detector has been primarily tested with an Am/Be source. In this paper, some new developments of the neutron detector including the design of the high pressure chamber, the optimization of the gas purifying system and the gas filling process will be reported. The results and discussion are also presented in this paper.
description: 5 pages