Nesodiprion kojimai Hara & Smith, 2015, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Hara, Hideho
name: Smith, David R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Diprionidae
Nesodiprion
Nesodiprion kojimai

description: Nesodiprion kojimai sp. nov.
Figs 1E–I, 5D–E, 7B, 8B–C, 9C, 10A, 11C, 12C–D, 13C, 14F–G, 15C–D, 16B–C, 17C–D, 18B
Description of female [condition of holotype in brackets]. Length 6.0–7.0 [6.0] mm. Black, shiny, without metallic reflections (Figs 1E–G). Antenna basally partly brown. Mandible apically red brown. Palpi pale brown, basally darkened. Pronotum narrowly brown posterodorsally or entirely black [narrowly brown]. Legs black, with pale areas white to yellow [white to pale yellow]; apices of coxae to trochantelli mostly or widely pale [mostly pale]; narrow apices of femora and basal areas of tibiae pale; very narrow apices of tibiae brown; fore tibia slightly and narrowly or widely darkened apically [narrowly darkened apically]; middle tibia pale on basal fourth to half [basal half]; hind tibia pale on narrow base to basal half [basal half]; tarsi basally pale; spurs and claws brown. Stigma black, centrally slightly pale; veins black; C somewhat pale; R1 basal to stigma widely pale; A basally pale.
Punctures on head and thorax (Figs 5D, 9B, 11C) distinct and predominantly contiguous or fused, small and shallow on posterodorsum of head and mesoscutum, mostly fused on ventral area of head capsule. Clypeus widely smooth ventrally. Labrum sparsely and finely punctured. Punctures on mesoscutellum centrally weakened or inconspicuous [weakened] (Fig. 9B). Dorsum of abdomen shallowly punctured posteriorly; first tergum medially narrowly or widely punctured [widely] (Fig. 13C).
Distance between eyes 1.7–1.9 [1.8] × eye height. Postocellar area moderately convex, with width 1.7–2.0 [2.0] × length (Fig. 5D). Ratio of distances between eye and lateral ocellus, between lateral ocelli, and between lateral ocellus and posterior margin of head 0.9–1.0:1.0:0.7–0.8 [1.0:1.0:0.7]; ratio of distances between eye and lateral ocellus and between lateral ocellus and posterior margin of head 1.3–1.5:1.0 [1.4:1.0]. Distance between torulus and eye 1.1–1.3 [1.2] × distance between toruli. Malar space 1.3–1.5 [1.3] × width of median ocellus. Clypeus with ventral margin weakly concave. Antenna (Fig. 7B) with 19–20 [19] antennomeres; first flagellomere in lateral view with length along dorsal margin 1.6–2.1 [1.6] × apical breadth except for ramus, and ramus length 0.6–0.7 [0.7] × its flagellomere length. Anterior edge of mesoscutellum angled about 90–120° [90°] (Fig. 9B). In hind leg in lateral view, first tarsomere length 1.4–1.7 [1.5] × tibia breadth (Fig. 12C). In hind wing, section of vein 1A between crossveins a and cu-a 0.7–1.1 [0.7] × width of cell 1A.
Ovipositor sheath as in Figs 14F–G. Lance as in Figs 15C–D. Lancet (Figs 16B–C) with 11 annuli, nearly straight or slightly concave [slightly concave] on ventral margin in outline, with length from apex to ventral end of first row of spines 3.6–4.0 [3.6] × maximum width and apex nearly pointed; first (most basal) row of spines (ctenidium) curved, and its ventral end somewhat separated from ventral margin of lancet; first annulus without serrula; second row of spines sinuated; third row of spines sinuated or straight [sinuated]; all serrulae posteriorly angularly convex; distance between serrulae of second and third annuli (d) about 4 × length of serrula of second annulus (s) (for d and s, see Fig. 16A).
Description of male. Length 4.8–5.8 mm (Figs 1H–I). As in female, but differing as follows except for usual sexual differences. Fore and middle trochanters and trochantelli often mostly darkened.
Dorsum of abdomen posteriorly finely punctured.
Postocellar area with width 2.0–2.3 × length; lateral furrow often pit-like (Fig. 5E). Ratio of distances between eye and lateral ocellus, between lateral ocelli, and between lateral ocellus and posterior margin of head 0.9:1.0:0.5– 0.7; ratio of distances between eye and lateral ocellus and between lateral ocellus and posterior margin of head 1.3– 1.8:1.0. Distance between torulus and eye 1.0–1.1 × distance between toruli. Antenna (Fig. 1H) with 21–23 antennomeres. In hind leg, first tarsomere length 1.6–1.9 × tibia breadth (Fig. 12D). Subgenital plate in ventral view with apical margin truncate or widely weakly rounded (Fig. 1I).
Genital capsule (Figs 17C–D) wide in dorsal or ventral view. Parapenis in ventral view wide, apically rounded. Harpe in ventral view with medial margin nearly straight, basally rounded, and apex narrowly rounded. Valviceps in dorsal view narrow and straight, in lateral view (Fig. 18B) wide, with dorsal margin slightly convex, and distinctly convex near apex.
Material examined. Holotype (Figs 1E–F): ♀, “ Female No. 2 JAPAN, HONSHU, Gunma pref., Kusatsu, Mt. Motoshirane-san, coll. gregarious larvae on Abies veitchii 6. IX. 2013, coc. 9–14. IX., em. 2. X. 2013, H. Kojima” (NSMT). Paratypes: JAPAN, HONSHU―Gunma Pref.: 1♀, same data as holotype, but Female No. 4 (NSMT); 6♂, Progeny of holotype, em. 21. XII. 2013, H. Kojima (NSMT); 1♂, do., but em. 19. I. 2014 (NSMT). Nagano Pref.: 4♀ (female No. 1–4), Yamanouchi, Mt. Yokote-yama, coll. gregarious larvae on Abies veitchii 12. IX. 2014, coc. 18-20. IX., em. 19. X. 2014, H. Kojima (NSMT); 20♀ 5♂, Progeny of female No. 2 of Mt. Yokote-yama, em. 12. I.–5. II. 2015, H. Kojima (NSMT, USNM); 1♀, Chino, Mts. Yatsugatake, Minoto, 1850m alt. 23–26. VII. 1996, A. Shinohara (NSMT).
Etymology. This species is named for H. Kojima (Nagano) who collected and reared the type series.
Distribution. Japan: Honshu.
Host plant. Pinaceae: Abies veitchii Lindl.
Life history. In mountainous regions in Honshu, one female was collected in late July, and larvae were collected in early to middle September. Larvae are pale green with black longitudinal stripes and gregariously feed on needles in small groups (Kojima, personal communication, 2015).
Remarks. This species is very similar to N. tsugae, but mainly differs as follows [condition of the latter]: Punctures on dorsum of head distinct in female (Fig. 5D) [weak and shallow (Fig. 5A)], predominantly contiguous in male (Fig. 5E) [predominantly separated (Fig. 5C)]; female first flagellomere in lateral view with length 1.6–2.1 × apical breadth except for ramus (Fig. 7B) [1.1 × (Fig. 7A)]; number of flagellomeres in male 21–23 [24]; in hind leg, first tarsomere length 1.4–1.7 × tibia breadth in female, 1.6–1.9 × in male [1.1, 1.3 respectively]; lancet nearly pointed at apex, with small serrulae (Figs 16B–C) [rounded at apex, with relatively large serrulae (Fig. 16A)]. The host plants and larval coloration also differ.
description: Published as part of Hara, Hideho & Smith, David R., 2015, Japanese species of the sawfly genus Nesodiprion (Hymenoptera, Diprionidae), pp. 481-508 in Zootaxa 4007 (4) on pages 487-490, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4007.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/235502