cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Multiple stellar populations in Magellanic Cloud clusters. IV. The double main sequence of the young cluster NGC1755
Creators: name: Milone, A. P.
name: Marino, A. F.
name: D'Antona, F.
name: Bedin, L. R.
name: Da Costa, G. S.
name: Jerjen, H.
name: Mackey, A. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nearly all the star clusters with ages of ~1-2 Gyr in both Magellanic Clouds exhibit an extended main-sequence turn off (eMSTO) whose origin is under debate. The main scenarios suggest that the eMSTO could be either due to multiple generations of stars with different ages or to coeval stellar populations with different rotation rates. In this paper we use Hubble-Space-Telescope images to investigate the ~80-Myr old cluster NGC1755 in the LMC. We find that the MS is split with the blue and the red MS hosting about the 25% and the 75% of the total number of MS stars, respectively. Moreover, the MSTO of NGC1755 is broadened in close analogy with what is observed in the ~300-Myr-old NGC1856 and in most intermediate-age Magellanic-Cloud clusters. We demonstrate that both the split MS and the eMSTO are not due to photometric errors, field-stars contamination, differential reddening, or non-interacting binaries. These findings make NGC1755 the youngest cluster with an eMSTO. We compare the observed CMD with isochrones and conclude that observations are not consistent with stellar populations with difference in age, helium, or metallicity only. On the contrary, the split MS is well reproduced by two stellar populations with different rotation, although the fit between the observed eMSTO and models with different rotation is not fully satisfactory. We speculate whether all stars in NGC1755 were born rapidly rotating, and a fraction has slowed down on a rapid timescale, or the dichotomy in rotation rate was present already at star formation. We discuss the implication of these findings on the interpretation of eMSTO in young and intermediate-age clusters.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Main Final Results of MASLOWATEN – The H2020 Project for the Market Uptake of Large Power PV Irrigation Systems
Creators: name: Almeida, R.H.
name: Barata Carrêlo, I.A.
name: Narvarte Fernández, L.
name: Fernandez-Ramos, J.
name: Martinez-Moreno, F.
name: Carrasco, L.M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2018
Subjects: PV Systems - Performance, Applications and Integration
Grid and Energy System Integration

description: 35th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1880-1885
description: This paper presents the main technical results of MASLOWATEN, a H2020 European Project for the market uptake of large-power photovoltaic irrigation systems (PVIS). Five large-power PVIS, with peak powers ranging from 40 to 360 kWp were installed in real-farms of farmers, cooperatives, agro-industries and irrigator communities (one in Portugal two in Spain, one in Italy and one in Morocco) to show their reliability and economic feasibility in order to introduce them into the market. Furthermore technical specifications, business plan and a simulation tool for PVIS were developed. Finally, the technology developed was transferred to more than 20 SME. The main technical results of the project include: a solution to mitigate the problems associated to PV power intermittences due to passing clouds, the use of North-South horizontal axis trackers in order to match PV production and irrigation needs, the development and application of new performance indices based on the typical performance ratio of a PV system in order to understand the performance of each component of a PVIS.
Digitalization and Banking Crisis: A Nonlinear Relationship?
Creators: name: Ben Ali, Mohamed Sami
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Banking, finance and investment
Applied economics

description: This study assesses the impact that ICT can have on the occurrence of banking crisis for a sample of 113 countries over the period 1996–2017 while considering the interfering role of corruption and the potential existence of a nonlinear relationship for the ICT-banking crisis nexus. We consider countries with varying income levels to check for the stability of the relationship. Our estimation results show that more highly ICT endowed countries can improve the resilience of the banking system. The study provides evidence that ICTs do not produce the same effect regardless of a country’s level of income. Estimation outcomes show the existence of a threshold effect driving the ICT-banking stability nexus. More results show that Information and communication technologies can improve the stability of the banking system only when corruption is relatively low. However, when corruption is endemic, ICT endowment is useless for the stability of the banking system.Other Information Published in: Journal of Quantitative Economics
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40953-022-00292-0
Treaty-text Loyalists’ Burden with Subsequent State Practice
Creators: name: Chigara, Benedict Abrahamson
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: International and comparative law

description: The role of subsequent state practice in the procedural law of treaties, and in the determination of consent in the implementation of treaties have become the subject of much scholarly debate in recent times. The UN International Law Commission has devoted copious amounts of study time into these issues under the distinguished guidance of Georg Nolte as Special Rapporteur. Ph.D. theses and research monographs, journal articles and commentaries have appeared on the matter, but the debate persists. At one end of this debate are treaty-text loyalists that reject the potential of subsequent state practice to modify what they regard as ‘solemn oaths’ taken by states when they conclude and adopt a treaty. That ‘temporal declaration of consent’ by states to be bound by a treaty regime is for them sacrosanct. At the other end are analytical jurisprudence scholars who appear to insist upon a purpose test approach to the matter. This article evaluates treaty-text loyalists’ arguments under current state practice on treaty implementation across a number of disciplines. It shows that the view that ‘temporal consent’ supremely prohibits the modification of treaties through subsequent state practice is exaggerated. Moreover, the ‘solemn oaths’ perception of treaties is not supported by recent examples of treaty implementation.Other Information Published in: Netherlands International Law Review
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40802-021-00185-8
Optimal Energy Management in Microgrid Using a Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
Creators: name: Ait Benali, M.
name: Outzourhit, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2018
Subjects: PV Systems - Performance, Applications and Integration
Grid and Energy System Integration

description: 35th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1899-1902
description: Smart-grid and smart micro-grids technologies can significantly enhance the integration of renewable energies and alleviate the effects of their intermittence. This mostly due to integration of modern communication technologies allowing an intelligent and flexible control of power flow in the grid. The dispatch of electrical power produced by many generators to the loads requires rapid and robust decisions, this process of control is known as energy management. The purpose of this work is the research of the optimal energy management solution for a PV-WIND-Micro turbine energy system to minimize the cost of generated energy with the application of the particle swarm optimization (PSO). Matlab software is used for programming and simulation of this work.
Prevalence and Predictors of Potentially Inappropriate Medication Prescription Among Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study in the State of Qatar
Creators: name: Al-Dahshan, Ayman
name: Kehyayan, Vahe
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences

description: Potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) often lead to sub-optimal or poor health outcomes in older adults. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and predictors of PIM prescription among older adults in Qatar. This was a cross-sectional, retrospective study using data from the electronic medical records of Qatari patients (age ≥ 65 years) attending the 23 primary healthcare (PHC) centers in Qatar from April 1, 2017 to September 30, 2017. PIMs were identified based on the Beers 2015 criteria: (1) medications to avoid for many or most older adults, and (2) medications to be used with caution in older adults. Descriptive statistics were used to estimate the prevalence of PIM prescription; multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of PIM prescription among the study population. 5639 older adults were included with a mean age of 72.8 (± 6.5) years; 53.8% were females. The prevalence of PIMs that should be avoided was 60.7%, with the most prevalent ones being gastrointestinal (84.2%), pain (49.9%), and central nervous system (10.4%) drugs. Most patients (61.1%) were prescribed one PIM, 26.9% two PIMs, and 12.0% three or more PIMs. The prevalence of PIMs that should be used with caution was 40.6%, with diuretics (83.1%), antidepressants (25.7%), and antiplatelets (18.3%) as the most prevalent drug classes. Multivariable logistic regression showed female gender, polypharmacy, and certain comorbidities to be significant predictors of PIM prescription. Older adults attending Qatar’s 23 PHC centers are prescribed a high number of PIMs. Because of the high risk of PIM prescription, the practice of medication reconciliation should be strengthened and reinforced.Other Information Published in: Drugs - Real World Outcomes
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40801-020-00220-9
A Six Parameters Beta Distribution with Application for Modeling Waiting Time of Muslim Early Morning Prayer
Creators: name: Alshkaki, Rafid S. A.
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial intelligence
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Beta distribution is a well-known and widely used distribution for modeling and analyzing lifetime data, due to its interesting characteristics. In this paper, a six parameters beta distribution is introduced as a generalization of the two (standard) and the four parameters beta distributions. This distribution is closed under scaling and exponentiation, and has reflection symmetry property, has some well-known distributions as special cases, such as, the two and four parameters beta, generalized modification of the Kumaraswamy, generalized beta of the first kind, the power function, Kumaraswamy power function, Minimax, exponentiated Pareto, and the generalized uniform distributions. Its moments about the origin, moment generating function, incomplete moments, mean deviations, are derived. The maximum likelihood estimation method is used for estimating its parameters and applied to estimate the parameters of the six different simulated data sets of this distribution, in order to check the performance of the estimation method through the estimated parameters mean squares errors computed from the different simulated sample sizes. Finally, two real life data sets, represent the waiting period of Muslim worshipers from the time of entering the mosque till the actual time of starting Alfajir pray in two different mosques, were used to illustrate the usefulness and the flexibility of this distribution, as well as, presents better fitting than the other gamma, exponential, the four parameters beta, and the generalized beta of the first kind distributionsOther Information Published in: Annals of Data Science
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40745-020-00282-0
Method for the Analysis of Technical and Economic Feasibility of Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems Integrated on Building Façades
Creators: name: Custódio, I.
name: Rüther, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2018
Subjects: PV Systems - Performance, Applications and Integration
Building, Infrastructure, Landscape and Other Applications of PV

description: 35th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1838-1841
description: Photovoltaic (PV) energy systems can be better integrated onto buildings, respecting the original architecture or even being considered during the design of a new building. The challenge for designers is to create a compromise between the architecture of the building and the function of generating energy in those buildings. Besides these technical issues, it is important that the projects take into account a study of the economic aspects, since the determination of the value of goods is as relevant as their physical production. This paper defines a method to select appropriated building façades for the integration of grid-connected PV systems, on the campus of a Brazilian public University. In order to be accepted, the façade PV systems must have a positive impact on the buildings’ architecture on top of generating energy. In addition, PV systems on buildings should be economic feasible, with a positive Net Present Value (NPV), an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) higher than 3.0% per year and a payback period shorter than the PV systems’ lifetime.
The Causes and Effects of Mercury and Methylmercury Contamination in the Marine Environment: A Review
Creators: name: Al-Sulaiti, Maetha M.
name: Soubra, Lama
name: Al-Ghouti, Mohammad A.
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Environmental management
Pollution and contamination

description: Purpose of Review The concern of mercury pollution and the impact that it poses on the marine environment were studied heavily since the case of the poison from Minamata bay in the 1960s. The present study provides an insight into the cycle of mercury and methylmercury in the marine environment and the bioindicators that reflect the exposure levels. The paper also used the driving forces, pressures, states, impacts, and responses (DPSIR) analysis to evaluate the global mercury and methylmercury contamination problem. Recent Findings The high global budgets of atmospheric total mercury influence the ocean surface water. Therefore, the aquatic environment contamination level is in turn affected by the surrounding emission sources such as industrial and petroleum activities in addition to the transport and fate of mercury across the environmental compartments. This will increase the mercury levels in fish species and will cause an adverse risk to human health through biomagnification. Summary This review presents a thorough description of mercury sources and emissions and their fate and transport across the different environmental compartments, despite the fact that serious mitigation measures were taken and guidelines were applied. The risk from fish consumption is still a serious concern as a result of the current mercury emissions and stability and persistent characteristics. Other Information Published in: Current Pollution Reports
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40726-022-00226-7
Removal of Toxic Elements and Microbial Contaminants from Groundwater Using Low-Cost Treatment Options
Creators: name: Da’ana, Dana A.
name: Zouari, Nabil
name: Ashfaq, Mohammad Y.
name: Abu-Dieyeh, Mohammed
name: Khraisheh, Majeda
name: Hijji, Yousef M.
name: Al-Ghouti, Mohammad A.
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Environmental management
Pollution and contamination

description: Purpose of Review This paper reviews various low-cost treatment techniques such as adsorption, permeable reactive barrier, and biological techniques for the simultaneous removal of chemical and microbial contaminants from groundwater and discusses treatment mechanisms of different treatment techniques. This paper also discusses the challenges of groundwater treatment, how to choose the appropriate treatment technique, and cost analysis of groundwater treatment. Recent Findings Various treatment technologies have been used for the treatment of groundwater: physical, chemical, and biological technologies with different success rates. In the literature, various adsorbents have been successfully synthesized from low-cost and environmentally friendly materials. Adsorption is considered an efficient treatment technique for the removal of both toxic elements and pathogens by utilizing different adsorbents. For example, the nanostructures of MgO with a BET surface area of up to 171 m2/g obtained a very high adsorption capacity of 29,131 mg/g for fluoride ions in water, while the incorporation of iron in activated carbon has improved its adsorption capacity to 51.3 mg/g for arsenic. Moreover, certain adsorbents have shown the capability to remove 99% of the rotavirus and adenovirus from groundwater. Summary Groundwater resources are contaminated with toxic metals and pathogens. Therefore, water treatment technologies should be evaluated for their efficiency to remove such contaminants. Determination of the most cost-effective and efficient treatment technique is not an easy task and requires the understanding of various aspects such as the contaminants present in water, the reuse options considered, and cost analysis of the treatment technique.Other Information Published in: Current Pollution Reports
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40726-021-00187-3
Carbon Based Hybrid Nanomaterials: Overview and Challenges Ahead
Creators: name: Semchuk, O. Y.
name: Gatti, T.
name: Osella, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years, many new materials have been developed and prepared to improve the performance of light-harvesting technologies and to develop new and attractive applications. The problem of stability of long-term operation of various optoelectronic devices based on organic materials, both conjugated polymers and small molecules of organic semiconductors (SMOSs), is becoming relevant now. One way to solve this problem is to use carbon nanostructures, such as carbon nanotubes and a large family of graphene-based materials, which have enhanced stability, in carefully designed nanohybrid or nanocomposite architectures that can be integrated into photosensitive layers and where their potential is not yet know fully disclosed. Recently, a new trend has been seen in this direction - the use of nanoscale materials for, first of all, the conversion of light into electricity. The main goal of this approach is to rationally design stable and highly efficient carbon-based hybrid nanomaterials for optoelectrical applications, namely light harvesting/electricity conversion, which can be implemented in real optoelectrical devices. In this review, we will discuss the theoretical and experimental foundations of the hybridization of carbon nanostructures (CNSs) with other materials to reveal new optoelectronic properties and provide an overview of existing examples in the literature that will predict interesting future perspectives for use in future devices.
Development of a Remote Online Collaborative Medical School Pathology Curriculum with Clinical Correlations, across Several International Sites, through the Covid-19 Pandemic
Creators: name: Guiter, Gerardo E.
name: Sapia, Sandra
name: Wright, Alexander I.
name: Hutchins, Gordon G. A.
name: Arayssi, Thurayya
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Curriculum and pedagogy
Education systems

description: Introduction Due to the Covid-19 social distancing restrictions, in March 2020, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar decided to replace students’ clinical instruction with novel online electives. Hence, we implemented an innovative online and remote pathology curriculum, anchored on virtual microscopy and Zoom videoconferencing: ideal tools to support online teaching. Objective To assess a new curriculum implementation at Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar. Materials and Methods This for-credit, 2-week elective included 6 synchronous Zoom sessions where complex clinicopathological cases were discussed in small groups. We used open access digital microscopy slides from the University of Leeds’ Virtual Pathology Library (http://www.virtualpathology.leeds.ac.uk/slides/library/). Students independently prepared for these sessions by reviewing cases, slides, readings, and questions in advance (asynchronous self-directed learning anchored on a flipped classroom model), and wrote a final review of a case. An assessment and feedback were given to each student. Results Four elective iterations were offered to a total of 29 students, with learners and faculty spread over 4 countries. During the Zoom sessions, students controlled the digital slides and offered their own diagnoses, followed by group discussions to strengthen autonomy and confidence. We surveyed learners about the elective’s performance (program evaluation). Students conveyed high levels of satisfaction about the elective’s overall quality, their pathology learning and online interactions, with minimal challenges related to the remote nature of the course. Discussion and Conclusions Technological innovations mitigate sudden disruptions in medical education. A remote curriculum allows instruction at any distance, at any time, from anywhere, enhancing educational exchanges, flexibility and globalization in medical education.Other Information Published in: Medical Science Educator
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40670-021-01212-2
An Emergency Switch to Distance Learning in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Experience from an Internationally Accredited Undergraduate Pharmacy Program at Qatar University
Creators: name: Hussain, Farhat Naz
name: Al-Mannai, Reem
name: Agouni, Abdelali
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Curriculum and pedagogy
Education systems

description: The world is experiencing an unprecedented public health emergency owing to the COVID-19 pandemic. To control virus spread, many countries temporarily suspended classes. In this context, the availability of e-tools and distance learning platforms in higher education institutions has proven very useful to facilitate the emergency switch to distance learning to ensure continuity of the educational process. We discuss here the experience of the College of Pharmacy at Qatar University in responding to suspension of classes using available educational technologies. Furthermore, we provide some reflection points for optimal implementation of technology-enhanced learning into distance education for future academic years.Other Information Published in: Medical Science Educator
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40670-020-01079-9
Two decades of finite jet determination of CR mappings
Creators: name: Lamel, Bernhard
name: Mir, Nordine
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Environmental engineering
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering
subject: Other earth sciences

description: This is a survey paper discussing the developments around the so-called finite jet determination problem for CR maps over the past twenty years.Other Information Published in: Complex Analysis and its Synergies
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40627-022-00108-0
Third reported case of rare necrolytic migratory erythema associated with bacteraemia due to severe zinc deficiency after revisional Roux-En-Y gastric bypass: case report and literature review
Creators: name: Salaheldin, Yassmin
name: El Ansari, Walid
name: Aljaloudi, Esraa
name: Elhag, Wahiba
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Clinical sciences

description: Introduction Obesity is a risk factor for zinc deficiency. After bariatric surgery, non-compliance to diet/vitamin supplements, surgical complications leading to vomiting/diarrhea, poor follow-up and malabsorption can precipitate or exacerbate pre-existing zinc deficiency. Case report We report a patient with rare necrolytic migratory erythema associated with bacteraemia due to severe zinc deficiency after revisional Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (following primary laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy). Conclusion Bariatric teams should screen patients before bariatric surgery for nutritional deficiencies and continue surveillance of their nutritional status after surgery. They should maintain a high index of suspicion for zinc deficiency in patients with skin rash after bariatric surgery. Level of evidence Level V, case report.Other Information Published in: Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40519-021-01154-z
Laminated Textiles Enabling Custom Appearance of Building Integrated Photovoltaic Modules
Creators: name: Gewohn, T.
name: Blankemeyer, S.
name: Vogt, M.R.
name: Schulte-Huxel, H.
name: Köntges, M.
name: Lim, B.
name: Schinke, C.
name: Brendel, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2018
Subjects: PV Systems - Performance, Applications and Integration
Building, Infrastructure, Landscape and Other Applications of PV

description: 35th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1842-1844
description: We present a new technique to alter the appearance of photovoltaic (PV) modules for building integration
by laminating textiles and other customary materials onto the front of PV modules. This approach is highly
customizable, since we can use virtually any thin UV-stable textile, whether it is a plain colored or a patterned textile.
The short-circuit current density loss caused by the textile laminate is 6% to 11% for a whitish appearance. Textiles
can be laminated to any standard PV module. Using commercially available materials and machines, this method is
likely to be cost-efficient and readily available.
Paediatric dentistry undergraduate education across dental schools in the Arabian region: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Al-Jundi, S. H.
name: EI Shahawy, O. I.
name: Nazzal, H.
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dentistry
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Paediatrics

description: Purpose To assess and compare teaching of paediatric dentistry in the undergraduate curriculum among dental schools in the Arabian region. Methods A 28-item online cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted of undergraduate dental programme directors in the Arab region. The survey included questions related to the programme’s content, method of instruction on specific paediatric dentistry topics as well as the director’s opinion on the level of training obtained by the undergraduate students at the end of the programme. Results The final sample included 31 dental schools representing undergraduate programmes in ten Arabian countries (60.8% response rate). All programmes provided theoretical and practical education on communicative behaviour management techniques and caries prevention. Pulpectomy and formocresol pulpotomy were taught in the form of theoretical and practical education in 87.1% and 80.6% of the programmes, respectively. The method of education on common orthodontic topics was mainly theoretical with the exception of space maintainers. Instructions on managing trauma to permanent dentition was theoretical and practical in most programmes (61.3%). Most respondents rated the level of training of students in behaviour management and caries prevention as good to reasonable, while only 22.6% thought that the level of training was excellent in pulp therapy. Conclusion Variations were observed in paediatric dentistry education among undergraduate dental programmes in the Arabian region in terms of topics, instruction methods, year of introduction of paediatric dentistry education, and number of clinical sessions offered. This study establishes a framework for future paediatric dentistry curriculum development and/or improvement in the Arabian region.Other Information Published in: European Archives of Paediatric Dentistry
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40368-021-00656-9
Curling Liquid Crystal Microswimmers: a cascade of spontaneous symmetry breaking
Creators: name: Krüger, Carsten
name: Klös, Gunnar
name: Bahr, Christian
name: Maass, Corinna C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report curling self-propulsion in aqueous emulsions of common mesogenic compounds. Nematic liquid crystal droplets self-propel in a surfactant solution with concentrations above the critical micelle concentration while undergoing micellar solubilization. We analyzed trajectories both in a Hele-Shaw geometry and in a 3D setup at variable buoyancy. The coupling between the nematic director field and the convective flow inside the droplet leads to a second symmetry breaking which gives rise to curling motion in 2D. This is demonstrated through a reversible transition to non-helical persistent swimming by heating to the isotropic phase. Furthermore, auto-chemotaxis can spontaneously break the inversion symmetry, leading to helical trajectories.
The use of behaviour management techniques amongst paediatric dentists working in the Arabian region: a cross-sectional survey study
Creators: name: Nazzal, H.
name: El Shahawy, O. I.
name: Al-Jundi, S.
name: Hussein, I.
name: Tahmassebi, J. F.
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dentistry
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Paediatrics

description: Purpose The purposes of this study were to investigate paediatric dental practitioners’ training and confidence in using dental behaviour management techniques in the Arabian region and to assess the factors influencing the application of advanced behaviour management techniques. Methods: An online questionnaire was distributed to paediatric dental practitioners in the Arabian region. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and Pearson Chi Square. Results A total of 113 responses were obtained. Of these, the majority were from Egypt (45%, n = 51). Just over half of the respondents were registered as specialists at the country where they were practicing paediatric dentistry (53%, n = 60). The use of behaviour management techniques varied amongst participants with tell-show-do (95%, n = 107) and positive reinforcement (89%, n = 101) being the most routinely used techniques. The majority of participants reported using voice control (83%) and parental separation (68%) techniques. Hand over mouth exercise (HOME) was only used by 24% (n = 27) of participants, whilst just over half of the participants, 53%, reported using protective stabilisation. A significant association was shown between country of practice, country of obtaining paediatric dental training, speciality status and the use of advanced behaviour management techniques, whilst confidence in using HOME and sedation were associated with work setting and country of practice, respectively. Conclusion The use of advanced behaviour management techniques was found to be high amongst respondents in the Arabian region. The lack of training in using these techniques, however, is of concern. Further assessment of the factors affecting the use of and confidence in applying advanced behaviour management techniques in the Arabian region is needed.Other Information Published in: European Archives of Paediatric Dentistry
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40368-020-00560-8
Conformal Invariants in Simply Connected Domains
Creators: name: Nasser, Mohamed M. S.
name: Vuorinen, Matti
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Applied mathematics
Numerical and computational mathematics

description: This paper studies the numerical computation of several conformal invariants of simply connected domains in the complex plane including, the hyperbolic distance, the reduced modulus, the harmonic measure, and the modulus of a quadrilateral. The used method is based on the boundary integral equation with the generalized Neumann kernel. Several numerical examples are presented. The performance and accuracy of the presented method is validated by considering several model problems with known analytic solutions.Other Information Published in: Computational Methods and Function Theory
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40315-020-00351-8
Transmissivity and Aesthetics of Optically Uncoupled Glasses for the Application in a PVT Roof Tile
Creators: name: Reiners, N.
name: Blieske, U.
name: Hakenberg, P.
name: Münzberg, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2018
Subjects: PV Systems - Performance, Applications and Integration
Building, Infrastructure, Landscape and Other Applications of PV

description: 35th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1845-1847
description: The purpose of this work was to investigate on different types of solar glass sheets that could be used as
front side encapsulant in the PVT (Photovoltaic and Thermal) solar tile that is currently developed by the company
Paxos Consulting & Engineering GmbH & Co. KG. Between the glass sheet and the solar cells a gap of several
millimeters is foreseen and the space that is created is filled with inert gas to avoid heat loss. Two elements must be
considered for the choice of the glass sheet. First the transmission needs to be as high as possible. On the other hand,
the aesthetics of the tiles surface is of high importance for the product. For the aesthetics the homogeneity, the color
and the potential glazing are of high interest. For the evaluation of the transmissivity of the 9 different glass types a
measurement setup was constructed using a Xenon lamp and a large area detector which was constructed for that purpose
to avoid the loss of photons that are strongly scattered. For the aesthetics, pictures were taken from the perpendicular
view and from 45° with a light source being placed on the opposite side with an angle of incidence of 45°. The coated
glasses and the glasses with texture on the backside have a low transmissivity compared to the other samples. The best
aesthetics was achieved with coating #1 on Albarino P while the second best was achieved with uncoated Albarino P. The
overall best choice for the encapsulation would hence be Albarino P as it gives a good transmissivity and an acceptable
aesthetic.
Is It Time We Better Understood the Tests We are Using for Return to Sport Decision Making Following ACL Reconstruction? A Critical Review of the Hop Tests
Creators: name: Davies, William T.
name: Myer, Gregory D.
name: Read, Paul J.
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Clinical sciences

description: There has been a move towards a criterion-based return to play in recent years, with 4 single-leg hop tests commonly used to assess functional performance. Despite their widespread integration, research indicates that relationships between ‘passing’ ‘hop test criteria and successful outcomes following rehabilitation are equivocal, and, therefore, require further investigation. This critical review includes key information to examine the evolution of these tests, their reliability, relationships with other constructs, and sensitivity to change over time. Recommendations for how measurement and administration of the tests can be improved are also discussed. The evidence presented in this review shows that hop tests display good reliability and are sensitive to change over time. However, the use of more than 2 hop tests does not appear to be necessary due to high collinearity and no greater sensitivity to detect abnormality. The inclusion of other hop tests in different planes may give greater information about the current function of the knee, particularly when measured over time using both relative and absolute measures of performance. It is recommended that the contralateral limb be tested prior to surgery for a more relevant benchmark for performance, and clinicians are strongly advised to measure movement quality, as hop distance alone appears to overestimate the recovery of the knee.Other Information Published in: Sports Medicine
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40279-019-01221-7
Modelling Different PV-Based Communal Grids Architectures for Rural Developing Communities
Creators: name: Nixon Opiyo, N.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2018
Subjects: PV Systems - Performance, Applications and Integration
Grid and Energy System Integration

description: 35th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1859-1864
description: Impacts of grid architectures on temporal diffusion of PV-based communal grids (community owned
minigrids) in a rural developing community are modelled and simulated using MATLAB/Simulink and a survey-informed
agent-based model (ABM) developed in NetLogo. Results show that decentralised control architectures stimulate minigrid
formations and connections by allowing easy expansions of the minigrids, as each decentralised PV system within a
minigrid is treated equally and determines its own real and reactive power, eliminating the need for communication links.
This also reduces the cost of implementing such a system; fewer connections are realized with centralised controls as such
systems require high speed communication links which make them both difficult to expand and expensive to implement.
Results also show that multi-master operation modes lead to more communal grid connections compared to single-master
operation modes because in the former, all distributed PV systems within a communal grid have the same rank and can act
as masters or can be operated as combinations of master generators (VSIs) and PQ inverters, allowing for more design
flexibility and easy connections from potential customers.
Indirect excitons in a potential energy landscape created by a perforated electrode
Creators: name: Dorow, C. J.
name: Kuznetsova, Y. Y.
name: Leonard, J. R.
name: Chu, M. K.
name: Butov, L. V.
name: Wilkes, J.
name: Hanson, M.
name: Gossard, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the principle and realization of an excitonic device: a ramp that directs the transport of indirect excitons down a potential energy gradient created by a perforated electrode at constant voltage. The device provides an experimental proof of principle for controlling exciton transport with electrode density gradients. We observed that the exciton transport distance along the ramp increases with increasing exciton density. This effect is explained in terms of disorder screening by repulsive exciton-exciton interactions.
Change of Direction Assessment Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Review of Current Practice and Considerations to Enhance Practical Application
Creators: name: Marques, Joao Beleboni
name: Paul, Darren James
name: Graham-Smith, Phil
name: Read, Paul James
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Clinical sciences

description: Change of direction (CoD) has been indicated as a key mechanism in the occurrence of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury during invasion sports. Despite these associations, assessments of knee function in athletic populations at the time of return to sport following ACL reconstruction (ACLr) have often focused on strength and single-leg hop tests, with a paucity of evidence to describe the CoD characteristics. Therefore, the aim of this narrative review was to describe the movement strategies exhibited following ACLr during CoD tasks and to critically analyze the range of tests that have been used. Specifically, we examined their ability to identify between-limb deficits and individuals who display a heightened risk of secondary injury and/or reductions in their level of pre-injury performance. MEDLINE, PubMed and SPORT Discuss databases were used and 13 articles were identified that met the inclusion criteria. Examination of the available literature indicates that current field-based practices are not representative of relevant sport demands and are unable to effectively assess knee function following ACLr. Laboratory-based studies have identified residual deficits and altered movement strategies at the time of return to sport, and this in part may be related to risk of re-injury. However, these assessments exhibit inherent limitations and are not practically viable for monitoring progress during rehabilitation. Consequently, alternative solutions that are more-aligned with the multitude of factors occurring during CoD maneuvers in chaotic sports environments are warranted to allow practitioners to ‘bridge the gap’ between the laboratory and the sports field/court. This approach may facilitate a more informed decision-making process with the end goal being, a heightened ‘return to performance’ and a lower risk of re-injury.Other Information Published in: Sports Medicine
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40279-019-01189-4
Slowing down of so-called chaotic states: "Freezing" the initial state
Creators: name: Belger, Martin
name: De Nigris, Sarah
name: Leoncini, Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The so-called chaotic states that emerge on the model of $XY$ interacting on regular critical range networks are analyzed. Typical time scales are extracted from the time series analysis of the global magnetization. The large spectrum confirms the chaotic nature of the observable, anyhow different peaks in the spectrum allows for typical characteristic time-scales to emerge. We find that these time scales $τ(N)$ display a critical slowing down, i.e they diverge as $N\rightarrow\infty$. The scaling law is analyzed for different energy densities and the behavior $τ(N)\sim\sqrt{N}$ is exhibited. This behavior is furthermore explained analytically using the formalism of thermodynamic-equations of the motion and analyzing the eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix.
description: Submitted to Discontinuity, Nonlinearity and Complexity. Special Issue for Valentin Afraimovich 70th birthday, Guest editor: Albert Luo
Finding the Most Suitable PV Technology for a ZigZag-Structured PV Façade in NW-Europe
Creators: name: Valckenborg, R.M.E.
name: Sasidharan, S.
name: Tzikas, C.
name: Santbergen, R.
name: Van De Wall, W.
name: Folkerts, W.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2018
Subjects: PV Systems - Performance, Applications and Integration
Building, Infrastructure, Landscape and Other Applications of PV

description: 35th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1821-1827
description: Choosing the most suitable PV technology for a ZigZag-structured façade cannot be based on one aspect, but involves four important aspects. First, a maximal energy density (Wp/m2 panel) of the PV-panel itself is preferred. Secondly, the amount of irradiance from the reflective panels onto the PV-panels should be maximized. However that could lead to a non-uniform irradiance distribution because of self-shading. The development of a custom made irradiance model has turned out to be crucial to predict full year irradiance and energy yield. This model is validated with an experimental setup for three different angles of reflective panels. In this setup, not only irradiance is measured, but also electrical (specific) yield Y [kWh/kWp]. The graphical representation of Y and PR in the IEC 61853-matrix reveals clearly how local climate conditions have an influence on the full year result. Thirdly, the resulting yearly specific yield [kWh/kWp/yr] is depending on the way that the PV-panel can deal with the non-uniformities. Finally, by introducing a new parameter called ‘effective façade PV-coverage’ [kWp/m2 façade] the results of specific yield can be modeled, measured and presented in ‘effective façade yield’ [kWh/m2 façade]. This parameter is directly of use for project developers, architects, contractors and other stakeholders in the building industry. The full methodology of this paper could in principle be applied not only to ZigZag-structured façades, but also to other complex PV-building skins with any orientation at any location in the world.
PV Beyond Electricity, Heat Pumps Hybridization for a Multiplicative Effect towards NZEB
Creators: name: Sanz Martinez, A.
name: Fuente Dacal, R.
name: Martin, A.J.
name: Hermoso, N.
name: Vega De Seoane, J.M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2018
Subjects: PV Systems - Performance, Applications and Integration
Grid and Energy System Integration

description: 35th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1848-1854
description: The high energy consuming building sector needs to meet both electricity and heat demands. In a NZEB
scenario most of the consumed energy would be generated locally by means of RES that nowadays seem not to provide
an attractive cost-competitiveness. Solar based technologies tend to be the most promising ones, but for high densely
populated and restricted areas buildings thermal loads are still a major setback concerning zero energy performance.
Traditional fossil fuel or single renewable approaches will not be valid from efficiency and/or cost competitiveness.
PV seem to have a great future as the build-environment local generation technology, but high capacity scenarios related
grid impact is still a serious threat for massive deployment. HPs are an efficient approach for a reduction of building
thermal comfort related CO2 emission and capable of using the electrical infrastructure as back-up source. Therefore,
if both technologies are individually suitable, merging them in a unique solution should enable even higher benefits.
The current work is focused on the potential analysis of PV and smart combination with HP as entire-lifetime feasible
solutions for NZEB. The techno-economic analysis is focused on an 80s residential-use 95-dwelling building, located
at 6 different EU sites for a set of 5 scenarios, combining market standard natural gas boilers, conventional HPs and
PV systems. The results show that the proposed solution could be a currently efficient, renewable and cost-competitive.