cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Macropsidius fukangensis Li et Xu 2005, n. comb.
Creators: name: Yang, Liyuan
name: Zhang, Yalin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Macropsidius
Macropsidius fukangensis

description: Macropsidius fukangensis (Li et Xu, 2005) n. comb.
Macropsis fukangensis Li et Xu, 2005: 580 –581.
Material examined. 2♂♂, China: Ningxia Province, Liupan Mountain, 2070m, 1 July 2008, coll. Lu Lin (NWAFU). Distribution. China: Xinjiang, Ningxia.
Remarks. This species, originally placed in the genus Macropsis, was described from Xinjiang, China. As this species has short pygofer processes not reaching the upper margin, we suggest it is more appropriately classified in Macropsidius.
description: Published as part of Yang, Liyuan & Zhang, Yalin, 2015, New records and synonymy in the genus Macropsidius (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Macropsinae) from China and description of a new Pediopsis species, pp. 487-492 in Zootaxa 4021 (3) on page 488, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4021.3.9, http://zenodo.org/record/238651
Notus Fieber 1866
Creators: name: Borodin, Oleg
name: Borodina, Olga
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Notus

description: Notus Fieber, 1866
  Notus flavipennis (Zetterstedt, 1828) –  [Велце, 1968; Velce, 1968; Nast, 1972; Velce, 1972; Danka, 1973; Vilbaste, 1973; Vilbaste, 1974; Varzinska, 1983; Nast, 1987; Spuris, 1996b; Ануфриев, Кириллова, 1998; Söderman, Gillerfors, Endrestol, 2009].
description: Published as part of Borodin, Oleg & Borodina, Olga, 2021, Fulgoromorpha & Cicadomorpha (Hemiptera) Of Latvia. Current State Of Study, pp. 155-184 in Acta Biologica Universitatis Daugavpiliensis 21 (2) on page 166, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12645231
KPZ equation limit of sticky Brownian motion
Creators: name: Das, Sayan
name: Drillick, Hindy
name: Parekh, Shalin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60K37, 82B21, 82C22 (Primary), 60G70 (Secondary)

description: We consider the motion of a particle under a continuum random environment whose distribution is given by the Howitt-Warren flow. In the moderate deviation regime, we establish that the quenched density of the motion of the particle (after appropriate centering and scaling) converges weakly to the $(1+1)$ dimensional stochastic heat equation driven by multiplicative space-time white noise. Our result confirms physics predictions and computations in [LDT17, BLD20] and is the first rigorous instance of such weak convergence in the moderate deviation regime. Our proof relies on a certain Girsanov transform and works for all Howitt-Warren flows with finite and nonzero characteristic measures. Our results capture universality in the sense that the limiting distribution depends on the flow only via the total mass of the characteristic measure. As a corollary of our results, we prove that the fluctuations of the maximum of an $N$-point sticky Brownian motion are given by the KPZ equation plus an independent Gumbel on timescales of order $(\log N)^2.$
description: 65 pages, 2 figures
Kybos abstrusus
Creators: name: Borodin, Oleg
name: Borodina, Olga
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Kybos
Kybos abstrusus

description: Kybos abstrusus (Linnavuori, 1949) –
[Söderman, Gillerfors, Endrestol, 2009].
  Kybos butleri (Edwards, 1908) –  [Vilbaste, 1973; Vilbaste, 1974; Nast, 1987; Spuris, 1996b; Ануфриев, Кириллова, 1998; Söderman, Gillerfors, Endrestol, 2009]; = Empoasca (Kybos) butleri (Edwards, 1908) [Ossiannilsson, 1981].
  Kybos lindbergi (Linnavuori, 1951) –  [Nast, 1972; Vilbaste, 1973; Vilbaste, 1974; Nast, 1987; Spuris, 1996b; Ануфриев, Кириллова, 1998; Söderman, Gillerfors, Endrestol, 2009]; = Empoasca (Kybos) lindbergi Linnavuori, 1951 [Ossiannilsson, 1981].
  Kybos mucronatus (Ribaut, 1933) –  [Söderman, Gillerfors, Endrestol, 2009]; = Kybos verbae (Zachvatkin, 1953) [Vilbaste, 1974; Nast, 1987: 588; Spuris, 1996b].
  Kybos oshanini Zachvatkin, 1953 –  [Vilbaste, 1974; Spuris, 1996b]; in doubt [Nast, 1987].
  Kybos populi (Edwards, 1908) –  [Vilbaste, 1974; Nast, 1987; Spuris, 1996b; Ануфриев, Кириллова, 1998; Söderman, Gillerfors, Endrestol, 2009]; = Empoasca (Kybos) populi (Edwards, 1908) [Ossiannilsson, 1981].
  Kybos rufescens (Melichar, 1896) –  [Levins, Ziemelis, 2013; Ziemelis, 2014].
  Kybos smaragdulus (Fallen, 1806) –  [Nast, 1972; Vilbaste, 1973; Vilbaste, 1974; Varzinska, 1983; Nast, 1987; Spuris, 1996b; Ануфриев, Кириллова, 1998; Söderman, Gillerfors, Endrestol, 2009].
  Kybos strigilifer (Ossiannilsson, 1941) –  [Vilbaste, 1974; Nast, 1987; Spuris, 1996b; Söderman, Gillerfors, Endrestol, 2009]; = Empoasca (Kybos) strigilifera Ossiannilsson, 1941 [Ossiannilsson, 1981].
  Kybos virgator (Ribaut, 1933) –  [Vilbaste, 1973; Vilbaste, 1974; Nast, 1987; Spuris, 1996b; Söderman, Gillerfors, Endrestol, 2009].
description: Published as part of Borodin, Oleg & Borodina, Olga, 2021, Fulgoromorpha & Cicadomorpha (Hemiptera) Of Latvia. Current State Of Study, pp. 155-184 in Acta Biologica Universitatis Daugavpiliensis 21 (2) on page 166, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12645231
Catalytic and asymptotic equivalence for quantum entanglement
Creators: name: Ganardi, Ray
name: Kondra, Tulja Varun
name: Streltsov, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement is a fundamental resource in quantum information processing, yet understanding its manipulation and transformation remains a challenge. Many tasks rely on highly entangled pure states, but obtaining such states is often challenging due to the presence of noise. Typically, entanglement manipulation procedures involving asymptotically many copies of a state are considered to overcome this problem. These procedures allow for distilling highly entangled pure states from noisy states, which enables a wide range of applications, such as quantum teleportation and quantum cryptography. When it comes to manipulating entangled quantum systems on a single copy level, using entangled states as catalysts can significantly broaden the range of achievable transformations. Similar to the concept of catalysis in chemistry, the entangled catalyst is returned unchanged at the end of the state manipulation procedure. Our results demonstrate that despite the apparent conceptual differences between the asymptotic and catalytic settings, they are actually strongly connected and fully equivalent for all distillable states. Our methods rely on the analysis of many-copy entanglement manipulation procedures which may establish correlations between different copies. As an important consequence, we demonstrate that using an entangled catalyst cannot enhance the asymptotic singlet distillation rate of a distillable quantum state. Our findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the capabilities and limitations of both catalytic and asymptotic state transformations of entangled states, and highlight the importance of correlations in these processes.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures, close to published version
First-order phase transition between superconductivity and charge/spin-density wave as the reason of their coexistence in organic metals
Creators: name: Seidov, Seidali S.
name: Kochev, Vladislav D.
name: Grigoriev, Pavel D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interplay between superconductivity (SC) and spin/charge density wave (DW) in organic metals shows many similarities to high-$T_c$ superconductors. It also contains many puzzles, for example, the anisotropic SC onset observed and the severalfold increase of the upper critical field $H_{c2}$ in the coexistence region, as well as the microscopic origin of SC/DW phase separation there. In this paper, by the direct calculation of the Landau expansion for DW free energy, we argue that the phase transition between DW and metallic/SC phase in organic superconductors goes by first order at low enough temperature, which explains the spatial segregation of DW and SC at large length scale, consistent with experimental observations. This first-order phase transition is not directly related to SC and happens even above the SC transition temperature.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
Additional file: Table S1. of Utilization of youth friendly services and associated factors among youth in Harar town, east Ethiopia: a mixed method study
Creators: name: Aboma Motuma
name: Syre, Thomas
name: Gudina Egata
name: Abera Kenay
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: In-depth interview guide for service providers and youth in Harar town, Ethiopia, 2011. Table S2: Focus Group Discussion guide for youth in Harar town, Ethiopia, 2011. (DOCX 17 kb)
A dichotomy for $T$-convex fields with a monomial group
Creators: name: Kaplan, Elliot
name: Kesting, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 03C64. Secondary 03C10, 12J10

description: We prove a dichotomy for o-minimal fields $\mathcal{R}$, expanded by a $T$-convex valuation ring (where $T$ is the theory of $\mathcal{R}$) and a compatible monomial group. We show that if $T$ is power bounded, then this expansion of $\mathcal{R}$ is model complete (assuming that $T$ is), it has a distal theory, and the definable sets are geometrically tame. On the other hand, if $\mathcal{R}$ defines an exponential function, then the natural numbers are externally definable in our expansion, precluding any sort of model theoretic tameness.
description: 11 pages
On generalized KKT points for the Motzkin-Straus program
Creators: name: Beretta, G.
name: Torcinovich, A.
name: Pelillo, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 90C20 (Primary) 90C35, 90C27, 05C69, 05C50 (Secondary)

description: In 1965, T. S. Motzkin and E. G. Straus established an elegant connection between the clique number of a graph and the global maxima of a quadratic program defined on the standard simplex. Over the years, this seminal finding has inspired a number of studies aimed at characterizing the properties of the (local and global) solutions of the Motzkin-Straus program. The result has also been generalized in various ways and has served as the basis for establishing new bounds on the clique number and developing powerful clique-finding heuristics. Despite the extensive work done on the subject, apart from a few exceptions, the existing literature pays little or no attention to the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) points of the program. In the conviction that these points might reveal interesting structural properties of the graph underlying the program, this paper tries to fill in the gap. In particular, we study the generalized KKT points of a parameterized version of the Motzkin-Straus program, which are defined via a relaxation of the usual first-order optimality conditions, and we present a number of results that shed light on the symmetries and regularities of certain substructures associated with the underlying graph. These combinatorial structures are further analyzed using barycentric coordinates, thereby providing a link to a related quadratic program that encodes local structural properties of the graph. This turns out to be particularly useful in the study of the generalized KKT points associated with a certain class of graphs that generalize the notion of a star graph. Finally, we discuss the associations between the generalized KKT points of the Motzkin-Straus program and the so-called replicator dynamics, thereby offering an alternative, dynamical-system perspective on the results presented in the paper.
description: 27 pages, 3 figures
CWD30: A Comprehensive and Holistic Dataset for Crop Weed Recognition in Precision Agriculture
Creators: name: Ilyas, Talha
name: Arsa, Dewa Made Sri
name: Ahmad, Khubaib
name: Jeong, Yong Chae
name: Won, Okjae
name: Lee, Jong Hoon
name: Kim, Hyongsuk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The growing demand for precision agriculture necessitates efficient and accurate crop-weed recognition and classification systems. Current datasets often lack the sample size, diversity, and hierarchical structure needed to develop robust deep learning models for discriminating crops and weeds in agricultural fields. Moreover, the similar external structure and phenomics of crops and weeds complicate recognition tasks. To address these issues, we present the CWD30 dataset, a large-scale, diverse, holistic, and hierarchical dataset tailored for crop-weed recognition tasks in precision agriculture. CWD30 comprises over 219,770 high-resolution images of 20 weed species and 10 crop species, encompassing various growth stages, multiple viewing angles, and environmental conditions. The images were collected from diverse agricultural fields across different geographic locations and seasons, ensuring a representative dataset. The dataset's hierarchical taxonomy enables fine-grained classification and facilitates the development of more accurate, robust, and generalizable deep learning models. We conduct extensive baseline experiments to validate the efficacy of the CWD30 dataset. Our experiments reveal that the dataset poses significant challenges due to intra-class variations, inter-class similarities, and data imbalance. Additionally, we demonstrate that minor training modifications like using CWD30 pretrained backbones can significantly enhance model performance and reduce convergence time, saving training resources on several downstream tasks. These challenges provide valuable insights and opportunities for future research in crop-weed recognition. We believe that the CWD30 dataset will serve as a benchmark for evaluating crop-weed recognition algorithms, promoting advancements in precision agriculture, and fostering collaboration among researchers in the field.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures, journal research article
Chlorita Fieber 1872
Creators: name: Borodin, Oleg
name: Borodina, Olga
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Chlorita

description: Chlorita Fieber, 1872
  Chlorita dumosa (Ribaut, 1933) –  [Vilbaste, 1974; Ossiannilsson, 1981; Nast, 1987; Spuris, 1996b; Söderman, Spuņģis, 2008; Söderman, Gillerfors, Endrestol, 2009].
  Chlorita paolii (Ossiannilsson, 1939) –  [Nast, 1972; Danka, 1973; Vilbaste, 1973; Vilbaste, 1974; Ossiannilsson, 1981; Varzinska, 1983; Nast, 1987; Spuris, 1996b; Ануфриев, Кириллова, 1998; Söderman, Gillerfors, Endrestol, 2009].
  Chlorita viridula (Fallen, 1806) –  [Velce, 1968; Nast, 1972; Vilbaste, 1974; Ossiannilsson, 1981; Nast, 1987; Spuris, 1996b; Söderman, Spuņģis, 2008; Söderman, Gillerfors, Endrestol, 2009].
description: Published as part of Borodin, Oleg & Borodina, Olga, 2021, Fulgoromorpha & Cicadomorpha (Hemiptera) Of Latvia. Current State Of Study, pp. 155-184 in Acta Biologica Universitatis Daugavpiliensis 21 (2) on page 167, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12645231
Additional file 2: Figure S2. of Spatio-temporal profile, phenotypic diversity, and fate of recruited monocytes into the post-ischemic brain
Creators: name: Garcia-Bonilla, Lidia
name: Faraco, Giuseppe
name: Moore, Jamie
name: Murphy, Michelle
name: Racchumi, Gianfranco
name: Srinivasan, Jayashree
name: Brea, David
name: Iadecola, Costantino
name: Anrather, Josef
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Hematology

description: CX3CR1GFP/+ Mo/MΦ do not differentiate into neurons, astrocytes, or oligodendrocytes. Staining for NeuN (A), GFAP (B), and Olig2 (C) shows that infiltrating CX3CR1GFP/+ cells in the peri-infarct or core of the ischemic hemisphere do not co-localize with neuronal, astrocytic, or oligodendrocyte markers 14 days after MCAo, respectively. Additionally, while CX3CR1GFP/+ cells, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes vastly populate the ischemic core neurons were only present in the peri-infarct (A–C, right below panels). Scale bars represent 50 μm. (PDF 3837 kb)
Typhlocyba Germar 1833
Creators: name: Borodin, Oleg
name: Borodina, Olga
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Typhlocyba

description: Typhlocyba Germar, 1833
  Typhlocyba quercus (Fabricius, 1777) –  [Velce, 1968; Nast, 1972; Vilbaste, 1973; Vilbaste, 1974; Nast, 1987; Spuris, 1996b; Ануфриев, Кириллова, 1998; Söderman, Gillerfors, Endrestol, 2009].
description: Published as part of Borodin, Oleg & Borodina, Olga, 2021, Fulgoromorpha & Cicadomorpha (Hemiptera) Of Latvia. Current State Of Study, pp. 155-184 in Acta Biologica Universitatis Daugavpiliensis 21 (2) on page 168, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12645231
Additional file 1: Figure S1Â and Figure S2. of Performance comparison of two commercial human whole-exome capture systems on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded lung adenocarcinoma samples
Creators: name: Bonfiglio, Silvia
name: Vanni, Irene
name: Rossella, Valeria
name: Truini, Anna
name: Lazarevic, Dejan
name: Bello, Maria Giovanna Dal
name: Alama, Angela
name: Mora, Marco
name: Rijavec, Erika
name: Genova, Carlo
name: Cittaro, Davide
name: Grossi, Francesco
name: Coco, Simona
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Figure S1. DNA quality control. TapeStation profiles of gDNA isolated from FF and matching FFPE block tumor tissues from 5 lung ADC patients. In each profile, the DIN, indicative of gDNA degradation status, is also displayed (numerical assessment ranges from 10 for undamaged gDNA, to 1 for highly fragmented gDNA) (a). The Table reports the gDNA concentration (ng/ul) assessed by NanoDrop, Qubit, and TapeStation, and purity (260/280 and 260/230) (b). Additionally, AYR and DIN parameters, indicative of FFPE gDNA fragmentation status, evaluated by a multiple PCR assay and TapeStation respectively, are reported. Image of agarose gel 1Â % shows the gDNA smears indicative of the different degradation status of FF and FFPE gDNAs (c). Figure S2. The workflow illustrates samples processing and WES data analysis for both exome enrichment platforms. (PDF 187 kb)
Zonocyba Vilbaste 1982
Creators: name: Borodin, Oleg
name: Borodina, Olga
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Zonocyba

description: Zonocyba Vilbaste, 1982
  Zonocyba bifasciata (Boheman, 1851) –  [Nast, 1987; Söderman, Gillerfors, Endrestol, 2009]; = Typhlocyba bifasciata Boheman, 1851 [Nast, 1972; Vilbaste, 1974; Spuris, 1996b].
description: Published as part of Borodin, Oleg & Borodina, Olga, 2021, Fulgoromorpha & Cicadomorpha (Hemiptera) Of Latvia. Current State Of Study, pp. 155-184 in Acta Biologica Universitatis Daugavpiliensis 21 (2) on page 168, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12645231
A benchmark for computational analysis of animal behavior, using animal-borne tags
Creators: name: Hoffman, Benjamin
name: Cusimano, Maddie
name: Baglione, Vittorio
name: Canestrari, Daniela
name: Chevallier, Damien
name: DeSantis, Dominic L.
name: Jeantet, Lorène
name: Ladds, Monique A.
name: Maekawa, Takuya
name: Mata-Silva, Vicente
name: Moreno-González, Víctor
name: Pagano, Anthony
name: Trapote, Eva
name: Vainio, Outi
name: Vehkaoja, Antti
name: Yoda, Ken
name: Zacarian, Katherine
name: Friedlaender, Ari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Animal-borne sensors (`bio-loggers') can record a suite of kinematic and environmental data, which are used to elucidate animal ecophysiology and improve conservation efforts. Machine learning techniques are used for interpreting the large amounts of data recorded by bio-loggers, but there exists no common framework for comparing the different machine learning techniques in this domain. This makes it difficult to, for example, identify patterns in what works well for machine learning-based analysis of bio-logger data. It also makes it difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of novel methods developed by the machine learning community.
 To address this, we present the Bio-logger Ethogram Benchmark (BEBE), a collection of datasets with behavioral annotations, as well as a modeling task and evaluation metrics. BEBE is to date the largest, most taxonomically diverse, publicly available benchmark of this type. Using BEBE, we compare the performance of deep and classical machine learning methods for identifying animal behaviors based on bio-logger data. As an example usage of BEBE, we test an approach based on self-supervised learning. To apply this approach to animal behavior classification, we adapt a deep neural network pre-trained with 700,000 hours of data collected from human wrist-worn accelerometers.
 We find that deep neural networks out-perform the classical machine learning methods we tested across all nine datasets in BEBE. We additionally find that the approach based on self-supervised learning out-performs the alternatives we tested, especially in settings when there is a low amount of training data available. In light of this, we are able to make concrete suggestions for designing studies that rely on machine learning to infer behavior from bio-logger data. Datasets and code are available at https://github.com/earthspecies/BEBE.
description: For associated code repositories, see https://github.com/earthspecies/BEBE/ and https://github.com/earthspecies/BEBE-datasets/ . For data repository, see https://zenodo.org/record/7947104
Additional file 4: Figure S4. of Spatio-temporal profile, phenotypic diversity, and fate of recruited monocytes into the post-ischemic brain
Creators: name: Garcia-Bonilla, Lidia
name: Faraco, Giuseppe
name: Moore, Jamie
name: Murphy, Michelle
name: Racchumi, Gianfranco
name: Srinivasan, Jayashree
name: Brea, David
name: Iadecola, Costantino
name: Anrather, Josef
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: CX3CR1GFP/+ and CCR2RFP/+ monocytes overlap with Ly6Clo and Ly6Chi monocytes, respectively. Flow chart showing sequential gating to identify leukocyte subsets expressing GFP and/or RFP in the blood of CCR2RFP/+CX3CR1GFP/+ chimeric mice. While Ly6Ghi neutrophils were GFP/RFP negative, we identified three different subpopulations in CD45+ cells that showed green or/and red fluorescence: a subset of cells expressing high level of GFP and low level of RFP (GFPhiRFPlo, 1), a subset of cells expressing intermediate level of GFP and high level of RFP (GFPintRFPhi, 2), and a subset of cells that only express RFP (GFPloRFPhi, 3). GFPhiRFPlo and GFPintRFPhi subsets were identified as Ly6Clo and Ly6Chi monocytes (CD45hiCD11b+Ly6Gâ  ), respectively. Additionally, a subset of GFPloRFPhi cells were identified mainly as NK cells and to a lesser extent as CD8+ cells. (PDF 791Â kb)
Nonlinear dynamics for the Ising model
Creators: name: Caputo, Pietro
name: Sinclair, Alistair
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82C40, 82C20, 60J80

description: We introduce and analyze a natural class of nonlinear dynamics for spin systems such as the Ising model. This class of dynamics is based on the framework of mass action kinetics, which models the evolution of systems of entities under pairwise interactions, and captures a number of important nonlinear models from various fields, including chemical reaction networks, Boltzmann's model of an ideal gas, recombination in population genetics and genetic algorithms. In the context of spin systems, it is a natural generalization of linear dynamics based on Markov chains, such as Glauber dynamics and block dynamics, which are by now well understood. However, the inherent nonlinearity makes the dynamics much harder to analyze, and rigorous quantitative results so far are limited to processes which converge to essentially trivial stationary distributions that are product measures. In this paper we provide the first quantitative convergence analysis for natural nonlinear dynamics in a combinatorial setting where the stationary distribution contains non-trivial correlations, namely the Ising model at high temperatures. We prove that nonlinear versions of both the Glauber dynamics and the block dynamics converge to the Gibbs distribution of the Ising model (with given external fields) in times $O(n\log n)$ and $O(\log n)$ respectively, where $n$ is the size of the underlying graph (number of spins). Given the lack of general analytical methods for such nonlinear systems, our analysis is unconventional, and combines tools such as information percolation (due in the linear setting to Lubetzky and Sly), a novel coupling of the Ising model with Erdős-Rényi random graphs, and non-traditional branching processes augmented by a fragmentation process.
description: 39 pages, 3 figures
Linnavuoriana decempunctata
Creators: name: Borodin, Oleg
name: Borodina, Olga
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Linnavuoriana
Linnavuoriana decempunctata

description: Linnavuoriana decempunctata (Fallen, 1806)
 – [Nast, 1972; Vilbaste, 1973; Vilbaste, 1974; Ossiannilsson, 1981; Nast, 1987; Spuris, 1996b; Ануфриев, Кириллова, 1998; Söderman, Gillerfors, Endrestol, 2009].
  Linnavuoriana sexmaculata (Hardy, 1850) –  [Vilbaste, 1974; Nast, 1987; Spuris, 1996, 16- 31; Ануфриев, Кириллова, 1998; Söderman, Gillerfors, Endrestol, 2009; Levins, Ziemelis, 2013].
description: Published as part of Borodin, Oleg & Borodina, Olga, 2021, Fulgoromorpha & Cicadomorpha (Hemiptera) Of Latvia. Current State Of Study, pp. 155-184 in Acta Biologica Universitatis Daugavpiliensis 21 (2) on page 168, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12645231
The magnitude homology of a hypergraph
Creators: name: Bi, Wanying
name: Li, Jingyan
name: Wu, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The magnitude homology, introduced by R. Hepworth and S. Willerton, offers a topological invariant that enables the study of graph properties. Hypergraphs, being a generalization of graphs, serve as popular mathematical models for data with higher-order structures. In this paper, we focus on describing the topological characteristics of hypergraphs by considering their magnitude homology. We begin by examining the distances between hyperedges in a hypergraph and establish the magnitude homology of hypergraphs. Additionally, we explore the relationship between the magnitude and the magnitude homology of hypergraphs. Furthermore, we derive several functorial properties of the magnitude homology for hypergraphs. Lastly, we present the Künneth theorem for the simple magnitude homology of hypergraphs.
Additional file 2: of Genomic evidence of demographic fluctuations and lack of genetic structure across flyways in a long distance migrant, the European turtle dove
Creators: name: CalderĂłn, Luciano
name: Campagna, Leonardo
name: Wilke, Thomas
name: HervĂŠ Lormee
name: Eraud, Cyril
name: Dunn, Jenny
name: Rocha, Gregorio
name: Zehtindjiev, Pavel
name: Bakaloudis, Dimitrios
name: Metzger, Benjamin
name: Cecere, Jacopo
name: Marx, Melanie
name: Quillfeldt, Petra
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Further details on materials and methods. Additional information on the laboratory methods related to the RAD-seq procedures and mtDNA sequencing. Also, further details on the demographic history modeling performed with DIYABC, and the niche modeling analysis conducted in MAXENT. (DOC 30 kb)
Additional file 5: Figure S5. of Spatio-temporal profile, phenotypic diversity, and fate of recruited monocytes into the post-ischemic brain
Creators: name: Garcia-Bonilla, Lidia
name: Faraco, Giuseppe
name: Moore, Jamie
name: Murphy, Michelle
name: Racchumi, Gianfranco
name: Srinivasan, Jayashree
name: Brea, David
name: Iadecola, Costantino
name: Anrather, Josef
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Monocyte blood analysis and brain injury quantification in CCR2−/− mice after MCAo. (A) Blood flow cytometry analysis showed decreased numbers of Ly6Chi monocytes, but not of Ly6Clo monocytes, in CCR2−/− mice as compared to WT mice (n = 5 mice/group). *p
Eurhadina Haupt 1929
Creators: name: Borodin, Oleg
name: Borodina, Olga
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Eurhadina

description: Eurhadina Haupt, 1929
  Eurhadina concinna (Germar, 1831) –  [Vilbaste, 1974; Ossiannilsson, 1981; Nast, 1987; Spuris, 1996b; Ануфриев, Кириллова, 1998; Söderman, Gillerfors, Endrestol, 2009].
  Eurhadina kirschbaumi W. Wagner, 1937 –  [Vilbaste, 1973; Vilbaste, 1974; Ossiannilsson, 1981; Nast, 1987; Spuris, 1996b; Ануфриев, Кириллова, 1998; Söderman, Gillerfors, Endrestol, 2009].
  Eurhadina pulchella (Fallen, 1806) –  [Velce, 1968; Nast, 1972; Vilbaste, 1973; Vilbaste, 1974; Nast, 1987; Spuris, 1996b; Ануфриев, Кириллова, 1998; Söderman, Gillerfors, Endrestol, 2009].
  Eurhadina saageri W. Wagner, 1935 –  [Vilbaste, 1973; Vilbaste, 1974; Nast, 1987; Spuris, 1996b; Ануфриев, Кириллова, 1998; Söderman, Gillerfors, Endrestol, 2009].
description: Published as part of Borodin, Oleg & Borodina, Olga, 2021, Fulgoromorpha & Cicadomorpha (Hemiptera) Of Latvia. Current State Of Study, pp. 155-184 in Acta Biologica Universitatis Daugavpiliensis 21 (2) on page 168, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12645231
Macroscopic noncommutative-geometry wormholes as emergent phenomena in $f(Q)$ gravity
Creators: name: Kuhfittig, Peter K. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Noncommutative geometry, an offshoot of string theory, replaces point-like particles by smeared objects. These local effects have led to wormhole solutions in a semiclassical setting, but it has also been claimed that the noncommutative effects can be implemented by modifying only the energy momentum tensor in the Einstein field equations, while leaving the Einstein tensor unchanged. The implication is that noncommutative-geometry wormholes could be macroscopic. This result can be readily explained by considering the noncommutative-geometry background to be a fundamental property and the macroscopic wormhole spacetime to be emergent, according to an earlier version of this paper. However, it is shown in the present version that such wormholes could not be sufficiently massive to exist on a macroscopic scale. A major objective in this paper is to invoke $f(Q)$ gravity to provide the extra degrees of freedom to overcome these obstacles.
description: 9 pages, no figures
Heterogeneity of the Attractor of the Lorenz '96 Model: Lyapunov Analysis, Unstable Periodic Orbits, and Shadowing Properties
Creators: name: Maiocchi, Chiara Cecilia
name: Lucarini, Valerio
name: Gritsun, Andrey
name: Sato, Yuzuru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The predictability of weather and climate is strongly state-dependent: special and extremely relevant atmospheric states like blockings are associated with anomalous instability. Indeed, typically, the instability of a chaotic dynamical system can vary considerably across its attractor. Such an attractor is in general densely populated by unstable periodic orbits that can be used to approximate any forward trajectory through the so-called shadowing. Dynamical heterogeneity can lead to the presence of unstable periodic orbits with different number of unstable dimensions. This phenomenon - unstable dimensions variability - implies a serious breakdown of hyperbolicity and has considerable implications in terms of the structural stability of the system and of the possibility to describe accurately its behaviour through numerical models. As a step in the direction of better understanding the properties of high-dimensional chaotic systems, we provide here an extensive numerical study of the dynamical heterogeneity of the Lorenz '96 model in a parametric configuration leading to chaotic dynamics. We show that the detected variability in the number of unstable dimensions is associated with the presence of many finite-time Lyapunov exponents that fluctuate about zero also when very long averaging times are considered. The transition between regions of the attractor with different degrees of instability comes with a significant drop of the quality of the shadowing. By performing a coarse graining based on the shadowing unstable periodic orbits, we can characterize the slow fluctuations of the system between regions featuring, on the average, anomalously high and anomalously low instability. In turn, such regions are associated, respectively, with states of anomalously high and low energy, thus providing a clear link between the microscopic and thermodynamical properties of the system.
description: 28 pages, 11 figures, final accepted version
MOESM11 of Effect of cerulenin on fatty acid composition and gene expression pattern of DHA-producing strain Colwellia psychrerythraea strain 34H
Creators: name: Wan, Xia
name: Peng, Yun-Feng
name: Zhou, Xue-Rong
name: Yang-Min Gong
name: Huang, Feng-Hong
name: Moncaliรกn, Gabriel
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 11: Table S3. Analysis of C. psychrerythraea pfa gene expression by RNA-seq and qRT-PCR.
Probing the equation of state of neutron stars with captured primordial black holes
Creators: name: Gao, Qing
name: Dai, Ning
name: Gong, Yungui
name: Zhang, Chao
name: Zhang, Chunyu
name: Zhao, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational waves (GWs) from primordial black holes (PBHs) inspiraling within neutron stars (NSs) -- should they exist -- are detectable by ground-based detectors and offer a unique insight into the internal structure of NSs. To provide accurate templates for GW searches, we solve Einstein's equations within NSs and calculate the orbital motion of the captured PBH by considering dynamical friction, accretion, and gravitational radiation. Equipped with precise GW waveforms for PBHs inspiraling inside NSs, we find that the Einstein Telescope can differentiate between various equations of state for NSs. As PBHs inspiral deeper into NSs, the GW frequency rises near the surface, then decreases to a constant value deeper within NSs. The distinctive characteristics of GW frequency serve as the smoking gun for GW signals emitted by PBHs inspiraling inside NSs and can be used to probe the nuclear matter in the crust and core of NSs.
description: v2: added two graphs and some discussions to clarify the results, main conclusions remain the same, ApJ in press
Additional file 3: of Genomic evidence of demographic fluctuations and lack of genetic structure across flyways in a long distance migrant, the European turtle dove
Creators: name: CalderĂłn, Luciano
name: Campagna, Leonardo
name: Wilke, Thomas
name: HervĂŠ Lormee
name: Eraud, Cyril
name: Dunn, Jenny
name: Rocha, Gregorio
name: Zehtindjiev, Pavel
name: Bakaloudis, Dimitrios
name: Metzger, Benjamin
name: Cecere, Jacopo
name: Marx, Melanie
name: Quillfeldt, Petra
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVAs). Results of the AMOVAs performed, testing for significant genetic differences among the three main flyways (using mitochondrial and nuclear DNA data). (DOC 41 kb)
Additional file 3: Figure S3. of Spatio-temporal profile, phenotypic diversity, and fate of recruited monocytes into the post-ischemic brain
Creators: name: Garcia-Bonilla, Lidia
name: Faraco, Giuseppe
name: Moore, Jamie
name: Murphy, Michelle
name: Racchumi, Gianfranco
name: Srinivasan, Jayashree
name: Brea, David
name: Iadecola, Costantino
name: Anrather, Josef
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Infiltrating CX3CR1GFP/+ and CCR2RFP/+ cells are monocyte/macrophages. (A) Representative fluorescent merged images and orthogonal views of CX3CR1GFP/+ (green) and Iba1+ (red) ramified (upper panels) and amoeboid cells (lower panels) showing co-localization of both markers. The images were taken from the ischemic hemisphere at 14 days post-MCAo. Scale bar represent 20 μm. (B) Representative fluorescent merged images and orthogonal views of co-localization for the markers CCR2GFP/+ (red) and Iba1+ (blue). The images were taken from the ischemic hemisphere at 3 days post-MCAo. Scale bar represent 20 μm. (PDF 10117 kb)
Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Spatio-temporal profile, phenotypic diversity, and fate of recruited monocytes into the post-ischemic brain
Creators: name: Garcia-Bonilla, Lidia
name: Faraco, Giuseppe
name: Moore, Jamie
name: Murphy, Michelle
name: Racchumi, Gianfranco
name: Srinivasan, Jayashree
name: Brea, David
name: Iadecola, Costantino
name: Anrather, Josef
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Hematology

description: CX3CR1GFP/+ and CCR2RFP/+ infiltrating monocytes after stroke in head-shielded CCR2RFP/+CX3CR1GFP/+ chimeric mice. (A) Coronal brain section images of BM CCR2RFP/+CX3CR1GFP/+ chimeric mice 3 and 14 days after MCAo showing anatomical localization of accumulated CCR2RFP/+ (red) and CX3CR1GFP/+ (green) cells in the ischemic hemisphere. (B) Cell number quantification of infiltrating CX3CR1GFP/+ and CCR2RFP/+ in the ischemic hemisphere 3 and 14 days after MCAo. (C) Representative images and orthogonal views of co-staining of CX3CR1GFP/+ Mo/MΦ (green) with the proliferation marker Ki67 (red) showing CX3CR1GFP/+ Mo/MΦ 14 days after MCAo. (D) CX3CR1GFP/+ cells (green) show three different phenotypes: cells with an amoeboid shape (left), perivascular cells with elongated shape located along the vessels (center panels; transverse and longitudinal vessel cross sections, respectively) and cells with ramified processes (right) 14 days after MCAo. Blood vessels were immunostained with the endothelial marker GLUT1 (red). (PDF 4803 kb)
ADVANCES IN SURGICAL SITE INFECTION PREVENTION: THE ROLE OF NURSING PROTOCOLS
Creators: name: D. Shankari
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Surgical Site Infections (SSIs) represent a significant global challenge, affecting millions of surgical patients each year. As one ofthe most common healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), SSIs not only increase patient morbidity and mortality but also imposesubstantial financial burdens on healthcare systems. This article provides a comprehensive review of advancements in SSIprevention, emphasizing the critical role of nursing protocols across preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative care phases.Evidence-based strategies, challenges in implementation, and future directions are explored, alongside the pivotal role ofmultidisciplinary teams in addressing these infections. Through structured protocols, continuous training, and patient-centeredapproaches, nurses can effectively mitigate SSI risks and improve surgical outcomes.
Additional file 6: of Genomic evidence of demographic fluctuations and lack of genetic structure across flyways in a long distance migrant, the European turtle dove
Creators: name: Calderón, Luciano
name: Campagna, Leonardo
name: Wilke, Thomas
name: Lormee, Hervé
name: Eraud, Cyril
name: Dunn, Jenny
name: Rocha, Gregorio
name: Zehtindjiev, Pavel
name: Bakaloudis, Dimitrios
name: Metzger, Benjamin
name: Cecere, Jacopo
name: Marx, Melanie
name: Quillfeldt, Petra
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Posterior probability of scenario choice in DIYABC. Direct estimation approach that uses 0.1 % of the closest simulations to the observed data. (b) The logistic regression uses 1 % of the closest simulations. (DOC 211 kb)
title: NETWORK INNOVATION TO ENHANCE SPATIAL POTENTIAL BORDER ECONOMIC CITY WITH A QUADRUPLE HELIX MODEL
Creators: name: Chula MUANGKLAM
Publisher: name: Asian Political Science Review
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025
Subjects: Network Innovation
Border Economy
Quadruple Helix Model

description: Asian Political Science Review, 9, 1, Article 1
Laser-Annealing and Solid-Phase Epitaxy of Selenium Thin-Film Solar Cells
Creators: name: Nielsen, Rasmus
name: Hemmingsen, Tobias H.
name: Bonczyk, Tobias G.
name: Hansen, Ole
name: Chorkendorff, Ib
name: Vesborg, Peter C. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Selenium has resurged as a promising photovoltaic material in solar cell research due to its wide direct bandgap of 1.95 eV, making it a suitable candidate for a top cell in tandem photovoltaic devices. However, the optoelectronic quality of selenium thin-films has been identified as a key bottleneck for realizing high-efficiency selenium solar cells. In this study, we present a novel approach for crystallizing selenium thin-films using laser-annealing as an alternative to the conventionally used thermal annealing strategy. By laser-annealing through a semitransparent substrate, a buried layer of high-quality selenium crystallites is formed and used as a growth template for solid-phase epitaxy. The resulting selenium thin-films feature larger and more preferentially oriented grains with a negligible surface roughness in comparison to thermally annealed selenium thin-films. We fabricate photovoltaic devices using this strategy, and demonstrate a record ideality factor of n=1.37, a record fill factor of FF=63.7%, and a power conversion efficiency of PCE=5.0%. The presented laser-annealing strategy is universally applicable and is a promising approach for crystallizing a wide range of photovoltaic materials where high temperatures are needed while maintaining a low substrate temperature.
MOESM1 of Risks of miscarriage and inadvertent exposure to artemisinin derivatives in the first trimester of pregnancy: a prospective cohort study in western Kenya
Creators: name: Dellicour, Stephanie
name: Meghna Desai
name: Aol, George
name: Oneko, Martina
name: Ouma, Peter
name: Bigogo, Godfrey
name: Burton, Deron
name: Breiman, Robert
name: Hamel, Mary
name: Slutsker, Laurence
name: Feikin, Daniel
name: Kariuki, Simon
name: Odhiambo, Frank
name: Jayesh Pandit
name: Laserson, Kayla
name: Calip, Greg
name: Stergachis, Andy
name: Kuile, Feiko
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Detailed description of study site and methodology.
Studying Macro- and Mesoscopic Wetting Dynamics of a Spreading Oil Droplet Using Multiple Wavelength Interferometry
Creators: name: Richter, Timo
name: Fricke, Mathis
name: Stephan, Peter
name: Tropea, Cameron
name: Hussong, Jeanette
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study we present an interferometric technique based on multiple wavelengths to capture the transient free surface contour of nanoliter drops spreading on a wettable surface, in particular close to the three-phase contact line. Various data analysis procedures are evaluated in terms of error and noise sensitivity. The technique allows an unambiguous determination of the local liquid film thickness for optical path differences up to $Δs \approx 3.19\,\mathrm{μm}$ without the need of a known reference height. Film thicknesses as low as $0.1\,\mathrm{μm}$ can be measured with the present optical configuration. The entire three-dimensional droplet shape is investigated for different capillary numbers, allowing also reliable measurements of the time-resolved contact angle.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures