cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sunsets and solar diameter measurement
Creators: name: Sigismondi, Costantino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A sunset over the sea surface offers the possibility to chronometrate a solar transit across the horizon. The vertical solar diameter is proportional to the duration of the sunset, the cosine of the azimuth and the cosine of the latitude of the observing site. The same formula applies to every circle of equal height, called in arabic almucantarat, and it is exploited in the measurements of the solar diameter made with the Danjon's solar astrolabes. The analogies between sunsets and astrolabes observations are presented, showing advantages and sources of errors of these methods of solar astrometry.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, Proc. of 2nd Galileo-Xu Guangqi Meeting, Ventimiglia - Villa Hanbury, Italy, 11-16 July 2010
Coronal Electron Distribution in Solar Flares: Drift-Kinetic Model
Creators: name: Minoshima, Takashi
name: Masuda, Satoshi
name: Miyoshi, Yoshizumi
name: Kusano, Kanya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a model of particle acceleration and transport in solar flares, we investigate the height distribution of coronal electrons by focusing on the energy-dependent pitch-angle scattering. When pitch-angle scattering is not included, the peak heights of loop-top electrons are constant, regardless of their energy, owing to the continuous acceleration and compression of the electrons via shrinkage of magnetic loops. On the other hand, under pitch-angle scattering, the electron heights are energy dependent; intermediate energy electrons are at a higher altitude, whereas lower and higher energy electrons are at lower altitudes. This implies that the intermediate energy electrons are inhibited to follow the shrinking field lines to lower altitudes because pitch-angle scattering causes efficient precipitation of these electrons into the footpoint and their subsequent loss from the loop. This result is qualitatively consistent with the position of the above-the-loop-top hard X-ray (HXR) source that is located above coronal HXR loops emitted by lower energy electrons and microwaves emitted by higher energy electrons. Quantitative agreement with observations might be achieved by considering primary acceleration before the onset of loop shrinkage and additional pitch-angle scattering via wave-particle interactions.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures, accepted by ApJ
A primal-dual semidefinite programming algorithm tailored to the variational determination of the two-body density matrix
Creators: name: Verstichel, B.
name: van Aggelen, H.
name: Van Neck, D.
name: Bultinck, P.
name: De Baerdemacker, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum many-body problem can be rephrased as a variational determination of the two-body reduced density matrix, subject to a set of N-representability constraints. The mathematical problem has the form of a semidefinite program. We adapt a standard primal-dual interior point algorithm in order to exploit the specific structure of the physical problem. In particular the matrix-vector product can be calculated very efficiently. We have applied the proposed algorithm to a pairing-type Hamiltonian and studied the computational aspects of the method. The standard N-representability conditions perform very well for this problem.
description: 24 pages, 5 figures, submitted to the Journal of Computational Physics
Relativistic implications of solar astrometry
Creators: name: Sigismondi, Costantino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The modern methods of measurement of the solar diameter and oblateness are reviewed. Either ground-based or balloon-borne and satellite measurements are considered. The importance of solar astrometry for General Relativity is emphasized, particularly attention is given to the solar oblateness problem, as well as the studies of solar astrophysics to the whole world of physics from nucleosynthesis to neutrinos.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, Proc. of Friedmann Seminar, CBPF Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, 30 May - 3 June 2011
Direct detection of a magnetic field in the photosphere of the single M giant EK Boo: How common is magnetic activity among M giants?
Creators: name: Konstantinova-Antova, R.
name: Auriere, M.
name: Charbonnel, C.
name: Drake, N. A.
name: Schroeder, K. -P.
name: Stateva, I.
name: Alecian, E.
name: Petit, P.
name: Cabanac, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the fast rotating M5 giant EK Boo by means of spectropolarimetry to obtain direct and simultaneous measurements of both the magnetic field and activity indicators, in order to infer the origin of the activity in this fairly evolved giant. We used the new spectropolarimeter NARVAL at the Bernard Lyot Telescope (Observatoire du Pic du Midi, France) to obtain a series of Stokes I and Stokes V profiles for EK Boo. Using the Least Square Deconvolution technique we were able to detect the Zeeman signature of the magnetic field. We measured its longitudinal component by means of the averaged Stokes V and Stokes I profiles. The spectra also permitted us to monitor the CaII K&H chromospheric emission lines, which are well known as indicators of stellar magnetic activity. From ten observations obtained between April 2008 and March 2009, we deduce that EK Boo has a magnetic field, which varied in the range of -0.1 to -8 G. We also determined the initial mass and evolutionary stage of EK Boo, based on up-to-date stellar evolution tracks. The initial mass is in the range of 2.0-3.6 M_sun, and EK Boo is either on the asymptotic giant branch (AGB), at the onset of the thermal pulse phase, or at the tip of the first (or red) giant branch (RGB). The fast rotation and activity of EK Boo might be explained by angular momentum dredge-up from the interior, or by the merging of a binary. In addition, we observed eight other M giants, which are known as X-ray emitters, or to be rotating fast for their class. For one of these, beta And, presumably also an AGB star, we have a marginal detection of magnetic field, and a longitudinal component Bl of about 1G was measured. More observations like this will answer the question whether EK Boo is a special case, or whether magnetic activity is, rather, more common among M giants than expected.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics, 10 pages, 8 figures
The Gravitational Lens Equation for Embedded Lenses; Magnification and Ellipticity
Creators: name: Chen, Bin
name: Kantowski, Ronald
name: Dai, Xinyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give the lens equation for light deflections caused by point mass condensations in an otherwise spatially homogeneous and flat universe. We assume the signal from a distant source is deflected by a single condensation before it reaches the observer. We call this deflector an embedded lens because the deflecting mass is part of the mean density. The embedded lens equation differs from the conventional lens equation because the deflector mass is not simply an addition to the cosmic mean. We prescribe an iteration scheme to solve this new lens equation and use it to compare our results with standard linear lensing theory. We also compute analytic expressions for the lowest order corrections to image amplifications and distortions caused by incorporating the lensing mass into the mean.
description: 4 figures
Terahertz reconfigurable multi-functional metamaterials based on 3D printed mortise-tenon structures
Creators: name: Yu, Bo
name: Yin, Lesiqi
name: Wang, Peng
name: Gong, Cheng
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biophysics
Space Science
Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: The emergence of metamaterial has provided an unprecedented ability to manipulate electromagnetic waves, especially in the terahertz band where there is a lack of natural response materials. However, most metamaterials are fixed single function due to the fixed structure at the beginning of design. The paper reports a reconfigurable multi-functional terahertz metamaterial with variable structures based on mortise and tenon mechanism. And a hybrid 3D printing method based on FDM and E-jet is proposed to fabricate the metamaterials, which simplifies the processing process, improves the speed, and reduces the cost compared to traditional semiconductor processing methods. Through flexible mortise and tenon connections, the metamaterial can achieve: (1) narrowband transmission and broadband absorption; (2) perfect reflection; (3) narrowband reflection and broadband absorption. Relying on ingenious design and processing, the multi-functional metamaterials are expected to be widely used in fields such as electromagnetic shielding, radar stealth, communication and so on.
SAOLIM, a prototype of a low cost System for Adaptive Optics with Lucky Imaging
Creators: name: Aceituno, J.
name: Sanchez, S. F.
name: Ortiz, J. L.
name: Aceituno, F. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A prototype of a low cost Adaptive Optics (AO) system has been developed at the Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (CSIC) and tested at the 2.2m telescope of the Calar Alto observatory. We present here the status of the project, which includes the image stabilization system and compensation of high order wavefront aberrations with a membrane deformable mirror. The image stabilization system consists of magnet driven tip-tilt mirror. The higher order compensation system comprises of a Shack-Hartmann sensor, a membrane deformable mirror with 39 actuators and the control computer that allows operations up to 420Hz in closed loop mode. We have successfully closed the high order AO loop on natural guide stars. An improvement of 4 times in terms of FWHM was achieved. The description and the results obtained on the sky are presented in this paper.
description: Accepted for publishing in PASP, 11 pages, 14 figures, 6 tables
Intimate partner relationships and recovery from an eating disorder
Creators: name: Hughes-Jones, Megan I.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: It is well established in the empirical, clinical, and theoretical literatures that close relationships influence adult women’s recovery from an eating disorder (ED), and research has consistently identified intimate partners as key figures in this process. Despite this recognition, very little is known about women’s lived experiences of their intimate partner relationships as a support during recovery, or the meanings they attribute to this experience. The current qualitative study employed a hermeneutic phenomenological method to address this gap in knowledge. The research question guiding this inquiry was: “what is the meaning of lived experience of intimate partner relationships in supporting women’s recovery from an eating disorder?” Ten adult women completed qualitative research interviews. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and a thematic analysis was conducted. Five common themes characterizing the women’s lived experience of the phenomenon of intimate partner relationships supporting recovery were identified: Sense of Safety, Sense of Mutual Commitment, Communication as Facilitative, Intimacy, and Sense of Identity Beyond the Eating Disorder. Significant findings are discussed within the context of existing literature on adult women’s experiences of an ED and recovery. Implications for theory, practice, and research are addressed, and recommendations for future research are identified.
Kondo Effect of a Magnetic Ion Vibrating in a Harmonic Potential
Creators: name: Yashiki, Satoshi
name: Kirino, Shunsuke
name: Hattori, Kazumasa
name: Ueda, Kazuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To discuss Kondo effects of a magnetic ion vibrating in the sea of conduction electrons, a generalized Anderson model is derived. The model includes a new channel of hybridization associated with phonon emission or absorption. In the simplest case of the localized electron orbital with the s-wave symmetry, hybridization with p-waves becomes possible. Interesting interplay among the conventional s-wave Kondo effect and the p-wave one and the Yu-Anderson type Kondo effect is found and the ground state phase diagram is determined by using the numerical renormalization group method. Two different types of stable fixed points are identified and the two-channel Kondo fixed points are generically realized on the boundary.
description: 15 pages, 17 figures, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 80 (2011) No.6 to be published
Optimisation de la taille de la série: illustration par un cas industriel de sous-traitance mécanique
Creators: name: Lyonnet, Barbara
name: Pillet, Maurice
name: Pralus, Magali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reducing costs of manufactured products is one of the key issues of companies. Bar turning companies (mechanical subcontracting companies) are faced with the following dilemma: use a pull strategy or use a push strategy. Instinctively these companies produce more than demand required by customers. This strategy allows them to respond to requests forecasts and reduce their cost of changeover time. These companies make a bet on sales opportunities and think to realize an additional profit. We have tried to find in this study to provide elements to know the limits of this strategy. Our proposal focuses on developing a model to support the decision taking into account the mix of opportunities, economic constraints and mean constraints. This model features the particular importance of high rates of ownership and the risk of not selling. Réduire les coûts de revient des produits fabriqués est une des problématiques essentielles des entreprises d'aujourd'hui. Les entreprises de décolletage (entreprises de sous-traitance mécanique) sont confrontées au dilemme suivant : produire juste la demande client ou produire plus. Instinctivement ces entreprises, dont les temps de changement de série sont élevés, cherchent à produire plus que la demande exigée par le client. Cette stratégie leur permet de répondre à des demandes prévisionnelles et réduire ainsi le coût de revient des produits. Ces entreprises réalisent un pari sur les opportunités de vente et pensent réaliser un gain supplémentaire en réalisant des stocks. Nous avons cherché dans cette étude à fournir des éléments de décision pour connaître les limites de cette règle de gestion. Notre proposition porte sur le développement d'un modèle d'aide à la décision prenant en considération le mixte entre opportunités commerciales, contraintes économiques et contraintes de moyen. Ce modèle souligne l'importance particulière du taux de possession et du risque de non vente.
Braneworld Gravity in Symmetric Space Bulk
Creators: name: Yilmaz, Nejat Tevfik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By considering the p-brane motion in G/K symmetric space bulk we identify the G-invariant bulk metric in the solvable lie algebra gauge of the brane action. After calculating the Levi-Civita connection of this bulk metric we use it in the Gauss equation to compute the braneworld curvature in terms of the bulk coordinates. Finally, by making use of the Gauss equation in the braneworld Einstein equation we present a geometrical method of implementing the first fundamental form in the gravitating brane dynamics for the specially chosen symmetric space bulk case leading to an Einstein equation solely expressed in terms of the bulk coordinates of the braneworld.
description: 49 pages
Identity of electrons and ionization equilibrium
Creators: name: Bobrov, V. B.
name: Trigger, S. A.
name: Ebeling, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is perhaps appropriate that, in a year marking the 90th anniversary of Meghnad Saha seminal paper (1920), new developments should call fresh attention to the problem of ionization equilibrium in gases. Ionization equilibrium is considered in the simplest "physical" model for an electronic subsystem of matter in a rarefied state, consisting of one localized electronic state in each nucleus and delocalized electronic states considered as free ones. It is shown that, despite the qualitative agreement, there is a significant quantitative difference from the results of applying the Saha formula to the degree of ionization. This is caused by the fact that the Saha formula corresponds to the "chemical" model of matter.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
Evolution of the interfacial structure of LaAlO3 on SrTiO3
Creators: name: Pauli, S. A.
name: Leake, S. J.
name: Delley, B.
name: Björck, M.
name: Schneider, C. W.
name: Schlepütz, C. M.
name: Martoccia, D.
name: Paetel, S.
name: Mannhart, J.
name: Willmott, P. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of the atomic structure of LaAlO3 grown on SrTiO3 was investigated using surface x-ray diffraction in conjunction with model-independent, phase-retrieval algorithms between two and five monolayers film thickness. A depolarizing buckling is observed between cation and oxygen positions in response to the electric field of polar LaAlO3, which decreases with increasing film thickness. We explain this in terms of competition between elastic strain energy, electrostatic energy, and electronic reconstructions. The findings are qualitatively reproduced by density-functional theory calculations. Significant cationic intermixing across the interface extends approximately three monolayers for all film thicknesses. The interfaces of films thinner than four monolayers therefore extend to the surface, which might affect conductivity.
Convergence Rate of the Causal Jacobi Derivative Estimator
Creators: name: Liu, Da-Yan
name: Gibaru, Olivier
name: Perruquetti, Wilfrid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Numerical causal derivative estimators from noisy data are essential for real time applications especially for control applications or fluid simulation so as to address the new paradigms in solid modeling and video compression. By using an analytical point of view due to Lanczos \cite{C. Lanczos} to this causal case, we revisit $n^{th}$\ order derivative estimators originally introduced within an algebraic framework by Mboup, Fliess and Join in \cite{num,num0}. Thanks to a given noise level $δ$ and a well-suitable integration length window, we show that the derivative estimator error can be $\mathcal{O}(δ^{\frac{q+1}{n+1+q}})$ where $q$\ is the order of truncation of the Jacobi polynomial series expansion used. This so obtained bound helps us to choose the values of our parameter estimators. We show the efficiency of our method on some examples.
On the Proximity Factors of Lattice Reduction-Aided Decoding
Creators: name: Ling, Cong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Lattice reduction-aided decoding features reduced decoding complexity and near-optimum performance in multi-input multi-output communications. In this paper, a quantitative analysis of lattice reduction-aided decoding is presented. To this aim, the proximity factors are defined to measure the worst-case losses in distances relative to closest point search (in an infinite lattice). Upper bounds on the proximity factors are derived, which are functions of the dimension $n$ of the lattice alone. The study is then extended to the dual-basis reduction. It is found that the bounds for dual basis reduction may be smaller. Reasonably good bounds are derived in many cases. The constant bounds on proximity factors not only imply the same diversity order in fading channels, but also relate the error probabilities of (infinite) lattice decoding and lattice reduction-aided decoding.
description: remove redundant figures
Geometrothermodynamics of a Charged Black Hole of String Theory
Creators: name: Larranaga, Alexis
name: Mojica, Sindy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermodynamics of the Gibbons-Maeda-Garfinkle-Horowitz-Strominger (GMGHS) charged black hole from string theory is reformulated within the context of the recently developed formalism of geometrothermodynamics. The geometry of the space of equilibrium states is curved, but we show that the thermodynamic curvature does not diverge when the black hole solution becomes a naked singularity. This provides a counterexample to the conventional notion that a thermodynamical curvature divergence signals the occurrence of a phase transition.
description: 10 pages
2025 Reporting tool for use levels on food additives and food flavourings
Creators: name: European Food Safety Authority
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Food Additives
Use Levels
Food Flavourings
Data Collection
Reporting

description: Member States and other interested stakeholders can compile their use level data on food additives and food flavourings using the tool provided. Tool is structured in accordance with the Reporting guidance for use level data on food additives and food flavourings – 2025.  Please read the relevant instructions before using the tool.

- “Reporting tool_Use levels_2025”. Instructions are in the first tab called “readMe”. Data need to be reported in the “dataReported” tab.
description: EU; XLSM; data.collection@efsa.europa.eu
Scintillation-only Based Pulse Shape Discrimination for Nuclear and Electron Recoils in Liquid Xenon
Creators: name: Ueshima, K.
name: Abe, K.
name: Hiraide, K.
name: Hirano, S.
name: Kishimoto, Y.
name: Kobayashi, K.
name: Koshio, Y.
name: Liu, J.
name: Martens, K.
name: Moriyama, S.
name: Nakahata, M.
name: Nishiie, H.
name: Ogawa, H.
name: Sekiya, H.
name: Shinozaki, A.
name: Suzuki, Y.
name: Takeda, A.
name: Yamashita, M.
name: Fujii, K.
name: Murayama, I.
name: Nakamura, S.
name: Otsuka, K.
name: Takeuchi, Y.
name: Fukuda, Y.
name: Nishijima, K.
name: Motoki, D.
name: Itow, Y.
name: Masuda, K.
name: Nishitani, Y.
name: Uchida, H.
name: Tasaka, S.
name: Ohsumi, H.
name: Kim, Y. D.
name: Kim, Y. H.
name: Lee, K. B.
name: Lee, M. K.
name: Collaboration, J. S. Lee the XMASS
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a dedicated test setup at the Kamioka Observatory we studied pulse shape discrimination (PSD) in liquid xenon (LXe) for dark matter searches. PSD in LXe was based on the observation that scintillation light from electron events was emitted over a longer period of time than that of nuclear recoil events, and our method used a simple ratio of early to total scintillation light emission in a single scintillation event. Requiring an efficiency of 50% for nuclear recoil retention we reduced the electron background to 7.7\pm1.1(stat)\pm1.2 0.6(sys)\times10-2 at energies between 4.8 and 7.2 keVee and to 7.7\pm2.8(stat)\pm2.5 2.8(sys)\times10-3 at energies between 9.6 and 12 keVee for a scintillation light yield of 20.9 p.e./keV. Further study was done by masking some of that light to reduce this yield to 4.6 p.e./keV, the same method results in an electron event reduction of 2.4\pm0.2(stat)\pm0.3 0.2(sys)\times10-1 for the lower of the energy regions above. We also observe that in contrast to nuclear recoils the fluctuations in our early to total ratio for electron events are larger than expected from statistical fluctuations.
description: 25 pages, 15 figures
Multi-fermion states for heavy fermions bound via Higgs exchange
Creators: name: Kuchiev, Michael Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A possibility to produce bound states of several heavy fermions, which are bound together due to the Higgs exchange, is examined. It is shown that for 12 fermions, 6 fermions and 6 antifermions, occupying the lowest S_{1/2} shell this bound state cannot exist if the fermion mass is below the critical value, which depends on the Higgs mass and is found to be restricted to 320 < m_{cr} < 410 Gev/c^2 for the Higgs mass in the interval 100 < m_{H}< 200 Gev/c^2. This estimate is derived in the relativistic mean field approximation. The corrections are estimated to be not able to reduce significantly the critical value for the fermion mass. Consequently there exist no bound state for 12 top quarks, and the only feasible hope to observe a bag of 12 fermions experimentally should rely on possible existence of heavy fermions of the next, fourth generations.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Collective behavior in small systems from geomtery-controlled measurements at 200
Creators: name: Huang, Shengli
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: wwnd17
phenix
small systems
hadron
p+al
p+au
d+au
3he+au
ridge
correlations
elliptic
flow
pion
kaon
proton

description: Talk presented at the Winter Workshop on Nuclear Dynamics 2017 conference
Composite recommendation : semantics and efficiency
Creators: name: Xie, Min
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Classical recommender systems provide users with a list of recommendations where each recommendation consists of a single item, e.g., a book or DVD. However, many applications can benefit from a system which is capable of recommending packages of items. Sample applications include travel planning, e-commerce, and course recommendation. In these contexts, there is a need for a system that can recommend the most relevant packages for the user to choose from. In this thesis we highlight our research achievements for the composite recommendation problem. We first consider the problem of composite recommendation under hard constraint, e.g., budget. It is clear that this is a very common paradigm for the composite recommendation problem. In Chapter 3, we first discuss how given a fixed package schema, we can efficiently find the top-k most relevant packages with hard constraints. The proposed algorithm is shown to be instance optimal, which means that no algorithm in a reasonable class can perform more than a constant times better, for some fixed constant. And we also propose relaxed solutions based on probabilistic reasoning. In Chapter 4, we lift the constraint on the package schema, and discuss how efficient algorithms can be derived to solve the more general problem with a flexible package schema. For this problem, again we propose both instance optimal algorithm and heuristics-based solution which have been verified to be effective and efficient through our extensive empirical study. Then in Chapter 5, motivated by the fact that hard constraints sometimes might lead to unfavorable results, and following the recent paradigm on “softening” the constraints, we study the problem of how to handle top-k query processing with soft constraints. Finally, in Chapter 6, we discuss a general performance tuning solution based on cached views which can be leveraged to further optimize the various algorithms proposed in this thesis.
Experimental characterization of shock-separation interaction over wavy-shaped geometries through feature analysis
Creators: name: Braun, J.
name: Rahbari, I.
name: Paniagua, G.
name: Addo, P. Aye
name: Garicano-Mena, J.
name: Valero, E
name: Clainche, S. Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A canonical wavy surface exposed to a Mach 2 flow is investigated through high-frequency Pressure Sensitive Paint (PSP), Kulite measurements, and shadowgraph imaging. The wavy surface features a compression and expansion region, two shock-boundary layer interactions, and two shock-separation regions. The unsteady characteristics of the wall pressure and shock angles are presented, demonstrating an increase in amplitude of the instabilities when traveling through the shock systems. Three-dimensional flow features, observed in PSP data, reveal a two-dimensional flow pattern. Higher-Order Dynamic Mode Decomposition and Spectral Proper Orthogonal Decomposition are implemented to dissect the different flow features, revealing several dominant low-frequency and medium-frequency phenomena. The separation region appears at frequencies with Strouhal numbers between 0.01 and 0.2, confirmed by the frequency content in the local pressure measurement using Kulites.
The Music of the Aetherwave - B-mode Polarization in Einstein-Aether Theory
Creators: name: Nakashima, Masahiro
name: Kobayashi, Tsutomu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study how the dynamical vector degree of freedom in modified gravity affects the CMB B-mode polarization in terms of the Einstein-aether theory. In this theory, vector perturbations can be generated from inflation, which can grow on superhorizon scales in the subsequent epochs and thereby leaves imprints on the CMB B-mode polarization. We derive the linear perturbation equations in a covariant formalism, and compute the CMB B-mode polarization using the CAMB code modified so as to incorporate the effect of the aether vector field. We find that the amplitude of the B-mode signal from the aether field can surpass the contribution from the inflationary gravitational waves for a viable range of model parameters. We also give an analytic argument explaining the shape of the spectrum based on the tight coupling approximation.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
MOESM1 of Enrichment of superoxide dismutase 2 in glioblastoma confers to acquisition of temozolomide resistance that is associated with tumor-initiating cell subsets
Creators: name: Chien, Chia-Hung
name: Chuang, Jian-Ying
name: Yang, Shun-Tai
name: Yang, Wen-Bin
name: Chen, Pin-Yuan
name: Hsu, Tsung-I
name: Huang, Chih-Yuan
name: Lo, Wei-Lun
name: Yang, Ka-Yen
name: Liu, Ming-Sheng
name: Chu, Jui-Mei
name: Chung, Pei-Hsuan
name: Liu, Jr-Jiun
name: Chou, Shao-Wen
name: Chen, Shang-Hung
name: Chang, Kwang-Yu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. The comparison between the parental and resistant cells. (A) The western blotting results of the parental cells and single clones of the resistant cells of U87MG (left) and A172 (right) were shown. (B) SOD2 levels were detected by Western Blot assay in the parental and resistant cells of U87MG (left) and A172 (right) with or without infection of SOD2 shRNA. The long- and the short-exposure of SOD2 plots were shown. (C) Levels of ROS scavengers in U87MG (left) or A172 (right) were compared between the parental and their resistant cells (r#10 or r#6, respectively). The detection was through qPCR for triplicated experiment with standard error shown in the bar graph.
The Social Construction of Female Online Child Sexual Offenders in Canadian Newspapers from 2010 to 2017
Creators: name: Ste-Marie, Mauranne
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2019
Subjects: Female online child sex offenders
Social constructionism
Canadian newspapers
Thematic analysis
Media and crime

description: This thesis explores the social construction of female online child sex offenders within Canadian newspapers from 2010 to 2017. While child sexual exploitation is not a new phenomenon, the nature of this threat, in terms of the ways in which it is facilitated, has changed significantly over the past decade. Notably, a key factor contributing to the sexual exploitation of children in today’s society is the Internet. The anonymity afforded by the Internet, the accessibility to the Internet, and the lack of accountability associated with the Internet (Cooper, 1998) all work together to create a social environment that is conducive to child sexual exploitation. This research explores this new phenomenon, as perpetrated by women. Informed by the social constructionist approach, relevant findings from a review of literature on the media representation of female offenders are then compared to findings from the examination of Canadian newspaper articles pertaining to female online child sex offenders to recognize similarities and differences between respective representations in the media. The results of this work suggest an increase from 2010 to 2017 in the number of Canadian media articles about female online child sex offenders as well as an increase in teacher representation in those crimes. As a result, a progression in the social construction of child sex offenders as well as teachers in Canada is presented.
Quirks in supersymmetry with gauge coupling unification
Creators: name: Martin, Stephen P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I investigate the phenomenology of supersymmetric models with extra vector-like supermultiplets that couple to the Standard Model gauge fields and transform as the fundamental representation of a new confining non-Abelian gauge interaction. If perturbative gauge coupling unification is to be maintained, the new group can be SU(2), SU(3), or SO(3). The impact on the sparticle mass spectrum is explored, with particular attention to the gaugino mass dominated limit in which the supersymmetric flavor problem is naturally solved. The new confinement length scale is astronomical for SO(3), so the new particles are essentially free. For the SU(2) and SU(3) cases, the new vector-like fermions are quirks; pair production at colliders yields quirk-antiquirk states bound by stable flux tubes that are microscopic but long compared to the new confinement scale. I study the reach of the Tevatron and LHC for the optimistic case that in a significant fraction of events the quirk-antiquirk bound state will lose most of its energy before annihilating as quirkonium.
description: 28 pages
Duration-of-load and size effects on the rolling shear strength of cross laminated timber
Creators: name: Li, Yuan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: In the beginning of the twenty-first century, the largest mountain pine beetle (MPB) outbreak ever recorded struck western Canada. A huge volume of MPB-attacked lodgepole pine is expected to hit the BC forest industry in the next decade. Technologies to convert MPB-attacked lumber into engineering wood products are urgently required. Cross laminated timber (CLT) is a technology that can produce massive timber members as an engineered wood product for timber structures. In this study, the duration-of-load and size effects on the rolling shear strength of CLT manufactured from MPB-afflicted lumber were evaluated. The study of the duration-of-load effect on the strength properties of wood products is typically challenging; and, additional complexity exists with the duration-of-load effect on the rolling shear strength of CLT, given the necessary consideration of crosswise layups of wood boards, existing gaps and glue bonding between layers. In this research, short-term ramp loading tests and long-term trapezoidal fatigue loading tests (damage accumulation tests) were used to study the duration-of-load behaviour of the rolling shear strength of CLT. In the ramp loading test, three-layer CLT products showed a relatively lower rolling shear load-carrying capacity. Torque loading tests on CLT tubes were also performed. The finite element method was adopted to simulate the structural behaviour of CLT specimens. Evaluation of the rolling shear strength based on test data was discussed. The size effect on the rolling shear strength was investigated. A stress-based damage accumulation theory was used to evaluate the duration-of-load effect on CLT rolling shear. The model was first calibrated against the test data and used to investigate the long-term CLT rolling shear strength. A reliability-based method was then applied to assess the CLT rolling shear performance. Finally, a duration-of-load adjustment factor for CLT rolling shear strength was established. The duration-of-load adjustment factor for the three-layer and five-layer CLT is different from that for lumber. The results suggest that the rolling shear duration-of-load strength adjustment factor for CLT is more severe than the general duration-of-load adjustment factor for lumber, and this difference should be considered in the introduction of CLT into the building codes for engineered wood design.
Reproducible science case studies in ecology: Lessons learned
Creators: name: Gries, Corinna
name: Jones, Matthew B.
name: Soranno, Patricia
name: Collins, Scott L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: data repository
open data
open science
Environmental Data Initiative

description: Some say science is in a reproducibility crisis, meaning that it is almost impossible to reproduce published research results. Complete reproducibility is a lofty goal but a continuum of practices provides achievable steps towards that goal. Clearly, most ecological field sampling may not be reproduced due to variability among sites and changing environmental conditions over time. Hence, steps towards reproducibility generally start with published data, which may be improved with documentation and published data processing and analytical code. This culminates in a complete workflow (raw data to published results) being publicly available for each scientific publication. We present three pioneering case studies of ecological research and introduce tools to achieve documentation of a complete data analysis workflow. The projects are (1) a small group project using publicly available raw data, (2) a larger project which set out with no plans for reproducibility, and (3) a multi-investigator Macrosystems project which developed effective open collaboration policies at the outset and tested tools and approaches to documenting all data manipulations.
description: Funding was provided by NSF ABI 1262458
MOESM2 of Enrichment of superoxide dismutase 2 in glioblastoma confers to acquisition of temozolomide resistance that is associated with tumor-initiating cell subsets
Creators: name: Chien, Chia-Hung
name: Chuang, Jian-Ying
name: Yang, Shun-Tai
name: Yang, Wen-Bin
name: Chen, Pin-Yuan
name: Hsu, Tsung-I
name: Huang, Chih-Yuan
name: Lo, Wei-Lun
name: Yang, Ka-Yen
name: Liu, Ming-Sheng
name: Chu, Jui-Mei
name: Chung, Pei-Hsuan
name: Liu, Jr-Jiun
name: Chou, Shao-Wen
name: Chen, Shang-Hung
name: Chang, Kwang-Yu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. Kaplan-Meier curves of an array database from SurvExpress ( http://bioinformatica.mty.itesm.mx:8080/Biomatec/SurvivaX.jsp ) [18]. The original data included samples of (A) GBM from Joo KM, et al., 2013 ( https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE42669 ), (B) low-grade glioma and GBM from Phillips HS, et al., 2006 ( https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/query/acc.cgi?acc=GSE4271 ), and (C) low-grade glioma and GBM from TCGA. Each line refers to cases in which SOD2 gene expression was higher or lower than the median.
Tachyon Field in Intermediate Inflation on the Brane
Creators: name: Farajollahi, H.
name: Ravanpak, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new model of inflation in the framework of brane cosmology in the presence of tachyonic field. we derive the expressions for the model parameters in brane inflation, and estimate the observable parameters numerically and find them to fit with the observational data.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Detection of Extended Molecular Gas in the Disk of the LSB Galaxy Malin~2
Creators: name: Das, M.
name: Boone, F.
name: Viallefond, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our goal is to see if there is molecular gas extending throughout the optical low surface brightness disk of the galaxy Malin 2. We used the heterodyne receiver array (HERA) mounted on the IRAM 30m telecope to make deep observations at the frequency of the CO(2--1) line at nine different positions of Malin~2. With a total observing time of 11 hours at a velocity resolution of 11 km/s we achieve a sensitivity level of ~1 mK. We detect CO(2-1) line emission from Malin~2. The line is detected in four of the nine HERA beams; a fifth beam shows a marginal detection. These results not only confirm that there is molecular gas in the disk of Malin 2, but they also show that it is spread throughout the inner 34~kpc radius as sampled by the observations of the galaxy disk. The mean molecular gas surface density in the disk is $1.1\pm0.2~M_{\odot}~pc^{-2}$ and the molecular gas mass lies between the limits $4.9\times10^{8}$ to $8.3\times10^{8}~M_{\odot}$. The observed velocity dispersion of the molecular gas is higher ($\sim 13$\,km\,s$^{-1}$) than in star forming galactic disks. This could explain the disk stability and its low star formation activity.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Quantum Zeno Subspaces induced by Temperature
Creators: name: Militello, B.
name: Scala, M.
name: Messina, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the partitioning of the Hilbert space of a quantum system induced by the interaction with another system at thermal equilibrium, showing that the higher the temperature the more effective is the formation of Zeno subspaces. We show that our analysis keeps its validity even in the case of interaction with a bosonic reservoir, provided appropriate limitations of the relevant bandwidth.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Intermittent pathways towards a dynamical target
Creators: name: Rojo, Félix
name: Pury, Pedro A.
name: Budde, Carlos E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the quest for a single target, that remains fixed in a lattice, by a set of independent walkers. The target exhibits a fluctuating behavior between trap and ordinary site of the lattice, whereas the walkers perform an intermittent kind of search strategy. Our searchers carry out their movements in one of two states between which they switch randomly. One of these states (the exploratory phase) is a symmetric nearest neighbor random walk and the other state (relocating phase) is a symmetric next-nearest neighbor random walk. By using the multistate continuous-time random-walk approach we are able to show that for dynamical targets, the intermittent strategy (despite the simplicity of the kinetics chosen for searching) improves detection, in comparison to displacements in a single state. We have obtained analytic results, that can be numerically evaluated, for the Survival Probability and for the Lifetime of the target. Thus, we have studied the dependence of these quantities both in terms of the transition probability that describes the dynamics of the target and in terms of the parameter that characterizes the walkers' intermittency. In addition to our analytical approach, we have implemented Monte Carlo simulations, finding excellent agreement between the theoretical--numerical results and simulations.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in Physical Review E
INSA scientific activities in the space astronomy area
Creators: name: Martinez, Ricardo Perez
name: Portal, Miguel Sanchez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Support to Astronomy operations is an important and long-lived activity within INSA. Probably the best known (and traditional) INSA activities are those related with real-time spacecraft operations: Ground station maintenance and operation (Ground station engineers and operators); spacecraft and payload real-time operation (spacecraft and instruments controllers); computing infrastructure maintenance (operators, analysts) and general site services.In this paper, we'll show a different perspective, probably not so well-known, presenting some INSA recent activities at the European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC) and NASA Madrid Deep Space Communication Complex (MDSCC) directly related to scientific operations. Basic lines of activity involved include: Operations support for science operations; system and software support for real time systems; technical administration and IT support; R \& D activities, radioastronomy (at MDSCC and ESAC) and scientific research projects. This paper is structured as follows: first, INSA activities in two ESA cornerstone astrophysics missions, XMM-Newton and Herschel, will be outlined. Then, our activities related to Science infrastructure services, represented by the Virtual Observatory (VO) framework and the Science Archives development facilities are briefly shown. Radio Astronomy activities will be described afterwards, and finally, a few research topics in which INSA scientists are involved will be also described.
description: 6 pages. Highlights of Spanish Astrophysics V Proceedings of the VIII Scientific Meeting of the Spanish AstronomicalSociety (SEA) held in Santander, 7-11 July, 2008