cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Bioabsorbable WE43 Mg alloy wires modified by continuous plasma-electrolytic oxidation for implant applications. Part I: processing, microstructure and mechanical properties
Creators: name: Ali, Wahaaj
name: Li, Muzi
name: Tillmann, Leon
name: Mayer, Tim
name: González, Carlos
name: LLorca, Javier
name: Kopp, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In our work, a novel processing strategy for the continuous fabrication and surface modification of wires from Magnesium alloy WE43 by means of plasma-electrolytic oxidation (PEO) is presented. In the first step, wires with a strong basal texture and small grain size ($\approx$ 1 $μ$m) were manufactured by combined cold drawing and in-line stress-relief heat treatment steps that optimized the mechanical properties (in terms of strength and ductility) by means of annealing. In a second step, and to the best of our knowledge for the first time ever, the wires were continuously surface-modified with a novel plasma electrolytic oxidation process, which was able to create a homogeneous porous oxide layer made of MgO and Mg$_3$(PO4)$_2$ on the wire surface. While the oxide layer slightly diminished the tensile properties, the strength of the surface-modified wires could be maintained close to 300 MPa with a strain-to-failure $\approx$ 8\%. Furthermore, the thickness of the oxide layer could be controlled by immersion time within the electrolytic bath and was adjusted to realize a thicknesses of $\approx$ 8 $μ$m, which could be obtained in $<$ 20 s. Our experiments showed that the chemical composition, morphology and porosity of the oxide layer could be tailored by changing electrical parameters. The combined cold drawing and heat treatment process with additional continuous plasma electrolytic oxidation processing can be upscaled to produce a novel generation of bioabsorbable Mg wires with optimized mechanical, degradation and biological performance for use in biomedical applications.
Multigrid methods for Hdiv-conforming discontinuous Galerkin methods for the Stokes equations
Creators: name: Kanschat, Guido
name: Mao, Youli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65N55

description: A multigrid method for the Stokes system discretized with an Hdiv-conforming discontinuous Galerkin method is presented. It acts on the combined velocity and pressure spaces and thus does not need a Schur complement approximation. The smoothers used are of overlapping Schwarz type and employ a local Helmholtz decomposition. Additionally, we use the fact that the discretization provides nested divergence free subspaces. We present the convergence analysis and numerical evidence that convergence rates are not only independent of mesh size, but also reasonably small.
Reconstruction of weak lensing mass maps for non-Gaussian studies in the celestial sphere
Creators: name: Kansal, Vanshika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel method for reconstructing weak lensing mass or convergence maps as a probe to study non-Gaussianities in the cosmic density field. While previous surveys have relied on a flat-sky approximation, the forthcoming stage IV survey will cover such large areas with a large field of view (FOV) to motivate mass reconstruction on the sphere. Here, we present an improved Kaiser-Squires (KS+) mass inversion method using a HEALPix pixelisation of the sphere while controlling systematic effects. As in the KS+ methodology, the convergence maps were reconstructed without noise regularisation to preserve the Information content and allow for non-Gaussain studies. The results of this new method were compared with those of the Kaiser-Squires (KS) estimator implemented on the curved sky using high-resolution realistic N-body simulations. The quality of the method was evaluated by estimating the two-point correlation functions, third- and fourth-order moments, and peak counts of the reconstructed convergence maps. The effects of masking, sampling, and noise were tested. We also examined the systematic errors introduced by the flat-sky approximation. We show that the improved Kaiser-Squires on the sphere (SKS+) method systematically improves inferred correlation errors by 10 times and provide on average a 20-30 % better maximum signal-to-noise peak estimation compared to Kaiser-Squires on the sphere (SKS). We also show that the SKS+ method is nearly unbiased and reduces errors by a factor of about 2 and 4 in the third and fourth-order moments, respectively. Finally, we show how the reconstruction of the convergence field directly on the celestial sphere eliminates the projection effects and allows the exclusion or consideration of a specific region of the sphere in the processing.
description: submitted to A&A and accepted on December 20, 2022
Polynomial-Time Constrained Message Passing for Exact MAP Inference on Discrete Models with Global Dependencies
Creators: name: Bauer, Alexander
name: Nakajima, Shinichi
name: Müller, Klaus-Robert
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::005 Computerprogrammierung, Programme, Daten
subject: algorithm
subject: optimization
subject: dynamic programming
subject: 68T99

description: Considering the worst-case scenario, the junction-tree algorithm remains the most general solution for exact MAP inference with polynomial run-time guarantees. Unfortunately, its main tractability assumption requires the treewidth of a corresponding MRF to be bounded, strongly limiting the range of admissible applications. In fact, many practical problems in the area of structured prediction require modeling global dependencies by either directly introducing global factors or enforcing global constraints on the prediction variables. However, this always results in a fully-connected graph, making exact inferences by means of this algorithm intractable. Previous works focusing on the problem of loss-augmented inference have demonstrated how efficient inference can be performed on models with specific global factors representing non-decomposable loss functions within the training regime of SSVMs. Making the observation that the same fundamental idea can be applied to solve a broader class of computational problems, in this paper, we adjust the framework for an efficient exact inference to allow much finer interactions between the energy of the core model and the sufficient statistics of the global terms. As a result, we greatly increase the range of admissible applications and strongly improve upon the theoretical guarantees of computational efficiency. We illustrate the applicability of our method in several use cases, including one that is not covered by the previous problem formulation. Furthermore, we propose a new graph transformation technique via node cloning, which ensures a polynomial run-time for solving our target problem. In particular, the overall computational complexity of our constrained message-passing algorithm depends only on form-independent quantities such as the treewidth of a corresponding graph (without global connections) and image size of the sufficient statistics of the global terms.
Frequency modulation spectroscopy with a THz quantum-cascade laser
Creators: name: Eichholz, R.
name: Richter, H.
name: Wienold, M.
name: Schrottke, L.
name: Hey, R.
name: Grahn, H.T.
name: Hübers, H.-W.
Publisher: name: Washington, DC : Optical Society of America
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Semiconductor lasers
subject: quantum cascade
subject: Lasers
subject: frequency modulated
subject: Infrared
subject: far
subject: Spectroscopy
subject: modulation
subject: terahertz
subject: 620

description: We report on a terahertz spectrometer for high-resolution molecular spectroscopy based on a quantum-cascade laser. High-frequency modulation (up to 50 MHz) of the laser driving current produces a simultaneous modulation of the frequency and amplitude of the laser output. The modulation generates sidebands, which are symmetrically positioned with respect to the laser carrier frequency. The molecular transition is probed by scanning the sidebands across it. In this way, the absorption and the dispersion caused by the molecular transition are measured. The signals are modeled by taking into account the simultaneous modulation of the frequency and amplitude of the laser emission. This allows for the determination of the strength of the frequency as well as amplitude modulation of the laser and of molecular parameters such as pressure broadening.
Performance Evaluation of Healthcare Supply Chain in Industry 4.0 with Linear Diophantine Fuzzy Sine-Trigonometric Aggregation Operations
Creators: name: Habib, Anam
name: Khan, Zareen A.
name: Riaz, Muhammad
name: Marinkovic, Dragan
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::620 Ingenieurwissenschaften::620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
subject: linear Diophantine fuzzy sets
subject: sine-trigonometric operational laws
subject: Industry 4.0
subject: healthcare supply chain
subject: aggregation operators
subject: MCDM
subject: 03E72
subject: 94D05
subject: 90B50

description: The concept of linear Diophantine fuzzy set (LDFS) theory with its control parameters is a strong model for machine learning and data-driven multi-criteria decision making (MCDM). The sine-trigonometric function (STF) has two significant features, periodicity and symmetry about the origin that are very useful tools for information analysis. Keeping in view the characteristics of both STF and LDFS theory, this article introduces the sine-trigonometric operations for linear Diophantine fuzzy numbers (LDFNs). These operational laws lay a foundation for developing new linear Diophantine fuzzy sine-trigonometric aggregation operators (LDFSTAOs). The integration of Industry 4.0 technology into healthcare has the potential to revolutionize patient care. One of the most challenging tasks is the selection of efficient suppliers for the healthcare supply chain (HSC). The traditional suppliers are not efficient in accordance with Industry 4.0, with particular uncertainties. A new MCDM framework is presented based on LDFSTAOs to examine the HSC performance in industry 4.0. A credibility test, sensitivity analysis and comparative analysis are performed to express the novelty, reliability, and efficiency of the proposed methodology.
Additional file 4 of Efficacy and safety of gut microbiota-based therapies in autoimmune and rheumatic diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 80 randomized controlled trials
Creators: name: Zeng, Liuting
name: Yang, Kailin
name: He, Qi
name: Zhu, Xiaofei
name: Long, Zhiyong
name: Wu, Yang
name: Chen, Junpeng
name: Li, Yuwei
name: Zeng, Jinsong
name: Cui, Ge
name: Xiang, Wang
name: Hao, Wensa
name: Sun, Lingyun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 4. The publication bias of endoscopy score in ulcerative colitis. The figure of publication bias of endoscopy score in ulcerative colitis.
Life Unknown: Preliminary Scheme for a Magnetotrophic Organism
Creators: name: Schulze-Makuch, Dirk
name: Irwin, Louis N.
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::520 Astronomie::520 Astronomie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
subject: magnetotroph
subject: life as we do not know it
subject: metabolism
subject: extremophile

description: No magnetotrophic organism on Earth is known to use magnetic fields as an energy source or the storage of information. However, a broad diversity of life forms is sensitive to magnetic fields and employs them for orientation and navigation, among other purposes. If the magnetic field strength were much larger, such as that on planets around neutron stars or magnetars, metabolic energy could be obtained from these magnetic fields in principle. Here, we introduce three hypothetical models of magnetotrophic organisms that obtain energy via the Lorentz force. Even if an organism uses magnetic fields only as an energy source, but otherwise is relying on biochemistry, this organism would be by definition a magnetotrophic form of life as we do not know it.
Stable Bound Orbits in Six-dimensional Myers-Perry Black Holes
Creators: name: Igata, Takahisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of stable bound orbits of test particles is one of the most characteristic properties in black hole spacetimes. In higher-dimensional black holes, due to the dimensionality of gravity, there is no stable bound orbit balanced by Newtonian gravitational monopole force and centrifugal force as in the same mechanism of the four-dimensional Kerr black hole case. In this paper, however, the existence of stable bound orbits of massive and massless particles is shown in six-dimensional singly spinning Myers-Perry black holes with a value of the spin parameter larger than a critical value. The innermost stable circular orbits and the outermost stable bound orbit are found on the rotational axis.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
Eclipses during the 2010 eruption of the recurrent nova U Scorpii
Creators: name: Rea, R.D.
name: Oksanen, A.
name: Harris, B.G.
name: Lepine, S.
name: Sjoberg, G.
name: Monard, B.
name: Nysewander, M.C.
name: Bode, M.F.
name: Lacluyze, A.P.
name: Worters, H.L.
name: Pagnotta, A.
name: Maehara, H.
name: Krajci, T.
name: Haislip, J.B.
name: Roberts, G.
name: Templeton, M.
name: Sefako, R.R.
name: Tan, T.G.
name: Shara, M.M.
name: Gomez, T.
name: Molkov, S.
name: McCormick, J.
name: Mentz, J.
name: Handler, G.
name: Richards, T.
name: Moore, J.P.
name: Schaefer, B.E.
name: Allen, W.H.
name: Ivarsen, K.M.
name: Darnley, M.J.
name: Dvorak, S.
name: Henden, A.A.
name: Stein, W.
name: Stockdale, C.
name: Reichart, D.E.
name: Suleimanov, V.
name: Revnivtsev, M.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2011

description: The eruption of the recurrent nova U Scorpii on 2010 January 28 is now the all-time best observed nova event. We report 36,776 magnitudes throughout its 67 day eruption, for an average of one measure every 2.6 minutes. This unique and unprecedented coverage is the first time that a nova has had any substantial amount of fast photometry. With this, two new phenomena have been discovered: the fast flares in the early light curve seen from days 9-15 (which have no proposed explanation) and the optical dips seen out of eclipse from days 41-61 (likely caused by raised rims of the accretion disk occulting the bright inner regions of the disk as seen over specific orbital phases). The expanding shell and wind cleared enough from days 12-15 so that the inner binary system became visible, resulting in the sudden onset of eclipses and the turn-on of the supersoft X-ray source. On day15, a strong asymmetry in the out-of-eclipse light points to the existence of the accretion stream. The normal optical flickering restarts on day 24.5. For days 15-26, eclipse mapping shows that the optical source is spherically symmetric with a radius of 4.1 R⊙. For days 26-41, the optical light is coming from a rim-bright disk of radius 3.4 R ⊙. For days 41-67, the optical source is a center-bright disk of radius 2.2 R⊙. Throughout the eruption, the colors remain essentially constant. We present 12 eclipse times during eruption plus five just after the eruption.
Chemotactic behavior of catalytic motors in microfluidic channels
Creators: name: Baraban, Larysa
name: Harazim, Stefan M.
name: Sanchez, Samuel
name: Schmidt, Oliver.G.
Publisher: name: Hoboken, NJ : Wiley
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: catalytic motors
subject: chemotaxis
subject: Janus particles
subject: microfluidics
subject: microtubes
subject: 620

description: Chemotaxis in practice: Two different artificial catalytic micromotors (tubular and spherical, see scheme) show chemotactic behavior in microfluidic channels demonstrating that catalytic micromotors can sense the gradient of chemical fuel in their environment and be directed towards desired locations.
On Welding of High-Strength Steels Using Laser Beam Welding and Resistance Spot Weld Bonding with Emphasis on Seam Leak Tightness
Creators: name: Schmolke, Tobias
name: Brunner-Schwer, Christian
name: Biegler, Max
name: Rethmeier, Michael
name: Meschut, Gerson
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::600 Technik::600 Technik, Technologie
subject: resistance spot weld bonding
subject: laser welding
subject: seam leak tightness
subject: high-strength steel
subject: leak testing
subject: helium sniffer leak detection

description: The design of most electric vehicles provides for the positioning of the heavy energy storage units in the underbody of the cars. In addition to crash safety, the battery housing has to meet high requirements for gas tightness. In order to test the use of high-strength steels for this sub-assembly, this paper examines welded joints utilizing resistance spot weld bonding and laser remote welding, with special regard to the gas tightness of the welds. For this purpose, the pressure difference test and helium sniffer leak detection are presented and applied. The combination of both leak test methods has proven ideal in experimental investigations. For laser remote welding, gas-tight seams can be achieved with an inter-sheet gap of 0.1 mm, even if occasionally leaking samples cannot be prevented. Resistance spot welding suits gas-tight joining with both one- and two-component adhesives. Against the background of leak tightness, process fluctuations that lead to weld spatter and defects in the adhesive layer must be prevented with high priority.
Soziale Repräsentationen und migrantische Deutungen der Arbeit in der Gastronomie
Creators: name: Yalçın, Serhat
name: Hubenthal, Natalie
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Migrationsforschung
Year: 2023

description: Durch Migration geprägte Arbeitsfelder bieten Migrant:innen einfachen Zugang zu Beschäftigung, unterscheiden sich aber als Ankunftsarbeit von traditionell berufsfachlich organisierten Arbeitsmarktbereichen. Der Beitrag geht am Beispiel der Gastronomie der Frage nach, wie Zugezogene ihre Ankunftsarbeit deuten. Mit Rückgriff auf das Konzept der sozialen Repräsentation werden folgende migrantisch-subjektive Deutungen vorgestellt: Die Gastronomie wird zwar als ein Ort des Einstiegs in den Arbeitsmarkt gedeutet. Vor dem Hintergrund der jeweiligen Erwerbsbiografie und beruflichen Aspiration aber ergeben sich zwei konfligierende soziale Repräsentationen, in denen die Gastronomie ganz unterschiedlich – nämlich entweder als nichtberuflicher Ort des Umstiegs oder als beruflicher Ort des Aufstiegs – gedeutet wird. Social Representations and Migrants’ Interpretations of Work in the Catering Industry Fields of work characterised by migration provide migrants easy access to employment but differ as arrival labour from labour market sectors traditionally organised by professional requirements. Taking the catering industry as a case, the article explores the question how migrants interpret arrival labour and presents, by resorting to the concept of social representation, interpretations from the subjective perspective of migrants: As a field of entrance the employment in the catering industry is interpreted as a suitable field to access the world of employment. But based on their respective history of employment and professional aspiration migrants further develop two conflicting social representations in which the employment is interpreted entirely different, namely: either as a non-professional field of changeover or as a professional field of advancement.
description: Zeitschrift für Migrationsforschung, Bd. 3 Nr. 2 (2023)
Instabilities of collisionless current sheets revisited: the role of anisotropic heating
Creators: name: Muñoz, P. A.
name: Kilian, P.
name: Büchner, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we investigate the influence of the anisotropic heating on the spontaneous instability and evolution of thin Harris-type collisionless current sheets, embedded in antiparallel magnetic fields. In particular, we explore the influence of the macroparticle shape-function using a 2D version of the PIC code ACRONYM. We also investigate the role of the numerical collisionality due to the finite number of macroparticles in PIC codes. It is shown that it is appropriate to choose higher order shape functions of the macroparticles compared to a larger number of macroparticles per cell. This allows to estimate better the anisotropic electron heating due to the collisions of macroparticles in a PIC code. Temperature anisotropies can stabilize the tearing mode instability and trigger additional current sheet instabilities. We found a good agreement between the analytically derived threshold for the stabilization of the anisotropic tearing mode and other instabilities, either spontaneously developing or initially triggered ones. Numerical effects causing anisotropic heating at electron time scales, become especially important for higher mass ratios (above $m_i/m_e = 180$). If numerical effects are carefully taken into account, one can recover the theoretical estimated linear growth rates of the tearing instability of thin isotropic collisionless current sheets, also for higher mass ratios.
description: 26 pages, 30 figures
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Vancomycin at Queen Sirikit Heart Center of the Northeast
Creators: name: Cheardchai Soontornpas
Publisher: name: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences KKU MSU UBU
Year: 2008
Subjects: Therapeutic drug monitoring, Vancomycin

description: Isan Journal ofPharmaceutical Sciences, 4, 1, 42-49
Library Workshop: Zotero for Beginners
Creators: name: HKUL, Learning and Research Services
Publisher: name: HKU Data Repository
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 461099
subject: Library and information studies not elsewhere classified

description: Citations play a crucial role in academic research, providing the necessary credit to sources and enhancing the credibility of your work. Citation management tools such as EndNote and Zotero can be good options to help you manage citations.This 60-minute workshop will provide an overview of Zotero, a free and open-source tool, and allow beginners to have hands-on experiences, including:Installation and SetupNavigating the InterfaceAdding sourcesOrganising Your Zotero LibraryAdding/Editing Citations with Zotero in MS WordAdding/Editing BibliographyHacks to enhance your experiences with Zotero
Derivation of Buckling Knockdown Factors for Hemispherical Shells with Foam Core
Creators: name:  CHANG-HOON SIM
name:   CHANG-MIN LEE
name:   JAE-SANG PAR
Publisher: name: Proceedings of the Aerospace Europe Conference - EUCASS - CEAS - 2023
Year: 2023
Subjects: BUCKLING KNOCKDOWN FACTOR
POSTBUCKLING ANALYSIS
HEMISPHERICAL WITH FOAM CORE
INITIAL IMPERFECTION

description: Nonlinear postbuckling analyses are performed to derive the buckling knockdown factor (KDF) for hemispherical foam core shells under external pressure. The commercial finite element analysis program, ABAQUS, is used for the postbuckling analyses. Two hemispherical foam core shells with different inner sheet thicknesses are considered. The crushable foam modeling technique is used to represent the nonlinear compressive behaviours of a foam material. The geometric initial imperfection is modeled using the single dimple imperfection. The present KDFs can provide the lightweight design of the hemispherical foam core shells.
Development of Sewage Pumps with Numerical and Experimental Support
Creators: name: Beck, David
name: Thamsen, Paul Uwe
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::620 Ingenieurwissenschaften::620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
subject: sewage impeller
subject: CFD
subject: optical measurement

description: Especially in the field of sewage pumps, the design of radial impellers focuses not only on maximum efficiency but also on functionality in terms of susceptibility to clogging by fibrous media. In general, the efficiency of sewage impellers is significantly lower than that of clear water impellers. These sewage impellers are designed with a low number of blades to ensure that fibrous media can be pumped. This paper describes the methodology of an optimisation for a sewage impeller. The optimisation is carried out on a semi-open two-channel impeller as an example. Therefore, a new impeller is designed for a given volute casing. Based on a basic design for given boundary conditions, the impeller is verified by means of numerical simulation. The manufactured impeller is then tested on the test rig to verify the simulation. With regard to the optical investigations, the clogging behaviour of the impeller is specifically improved over three different modifications in order to finally present an impeller with good efficiency and a low clogging tendency.
Additional file 5 of Efficacy and safety of gut microbiota-based therapies in autoimmune and rheumatic diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 80 randomized controlled trials
Creators: name: Zeng, Liuting
name: Yang, Kailin
name: He, Qi
name: Zhu, Xiaofei
name: Long, Zhiyong
name: Wu, Yang
name: Chen, Junpeng
name: Li, Yuwei
name: Zeng, Jinsong
name: Cui, Ge
name: Xiang, Wang
name: Hao, Wensa
name: Sun, Lingyun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 5. The publication bias of ineffective rate in ulcerative colitis. The figure of publication bias of ineffective rate in ulcerative colitis.
Regular and chaotic dynamics of a matter-wave soliton near the atomic mirror
Creators: name: Khamrakulov, Kh.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of the soliton in a self-attractive Bose-Einstein condensate under the gravity are investigated. First, we apply the inverse scattering method, which gives rise to equation of motion for the center-of-mass coordinate of the soliton. We analyze the amplitude-frequency characteristic for nonlinear resonance. Applying the Krylov-Bogoliubov method for the small parameters the dynamics of soliton on the phase plane are considered. Hamiltonian chaos under the action of the gravity on the Poincaré map are studied.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, International Journal of Modern Physics B Vol. 28, No. 28 (2014)
Vibrational Spectroscopy of Phytochromes
Creators: name: Hildebrandt, Peter
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
subject: Raman
subject: IR
subject: spectroscopy
subject: phytochrome
subject: tetrapyrrole
subject: photoswitch

description: Phytochromes are biological photoswitches that translate light into physiological functions. Spectroscopic techniques are essential tools for molecular research into these photoreceptors. This review is directed at summarizing how resonance Raman and IR spectroscopy contributed to an understanding of the structure, dynamics, and reaction mechanism of phytochromes, outlining the substantial experimental and theoretical challenges and describing the strategies to master them. It is shown that the potential of the various vibrational spectroscopic techniques can be most efficiently exploited using integral approaches via a combination of theoretical methods as well as other experimental techniques.
Inspection Cooperation Scheme Views of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers in Thailand about the Code of Good Manufacturing Practice of the Pharmaceutical Inspection Cooperation Scheme
Creators: name: Somying Pumtong
Publisher: name: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences KKU MSU UBU
Year: 2008
Subjects: Good Manufacturing Practice, GMP, Pharmaceutical Inspection Cooperation Scheme, PIC/S

description: Isan Journal ofPharmaceutical Sciences, 4, 1, 50-61
Additional file 6 of Efficacy and safety of gut microbiota-based therapies in autoimmune and rheumatic diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 80 randomized controlled trials
Creators: name: Zeng, Liuting
name: Yang, Kailin
name: He, Qi
name: Zhu, Xiaofei
name: Long, Zhiyong
name: Wu, Yang
name: Chen, Junpeng
name: Li, Yuwei
name: Zeng, Jinsong
name: Cui, Ge
name: Xiang, Wang
name: Hao, Wensa
name: Sun, Lingyun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 6. The publication bias of disease activity in ulcerative colitis. The figure of publication bias of disease activity in ulcerative colitis.
Minimal Length Effects on Tunnelling from Spherically Symmetric Black Holes
Creators: name: Mu, Benrong
name: Wang, Peng
name: Yang, Haitang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate effects of the minimal length on quantum tunnelling from spherically symmetric black holes using the Hamilton-Jacobi method incorporating the minimal length. We first derive the deformed Hamilton-Jacobi equations for scalars and fermions, both of which have the same expressions. The minimal length correction to the Hawking temperature is found to depend on the black hole's mass and the mass and angular momentum of emitted particles. Finally, we calculate a Schwarzschild black hole's luminosity and find the black hole evaporates to zero mass in infinite time.
description: 18 pages
Assessing the Effects of District-Level Segregation on Meritocratic Beliefs in Germany
Creators: name: Oetke, Nicole
name: Norkus, Maria
name: Goebel, Jan
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::300 Sozialwissenschaften
subject: meritocratic beliefs
subject: segregation
subject: isolation
subject: local inequality
subject: dissimilarity
subject: urban–rural differences
subject: Germany
subject: SOEP

description: In recent years, researchers have grappled with the phenomenon that public demand for redistribution has not systematically increased in response to rising inequality. Meritocratic beliefs have been suggested as an explanation for this observation, because they can help legitimize inequalities. Past research has identified local-level inequality, segregation, or diversity as important factors for how these beliefs might be formed and maintained. Different theoretical approaches have been advanced and tested to determine the direction and extent of these effects, producing mixed results. We put these theories to the test by focusing on a country in which changes in the level of inequality have indeed been met with equal changes in justice perceptions: Germany. Furthermore, we broaden the scope by focusing on local segregation between different socioeconomic status groups, rather than income inequality. To do so, we utilize geocoded individual-level data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP), microm data, and relevant geospatial indicators from the INKAR database. We find some indication that residential segregation of status groups and isolation of high status groups is associated with less support of meritocratic beliefs, contradicting previous work. Additionally, we find evidence of urban–rural differences in the effects of segregation.
Awakening the sleeping giant of urban green in times of crisis—coverage, co-creation and practical guidelines for optimizing biodiversity-friendly and health-promoting residential greenery
Creators: name: Mohr-Stockinger, Sonja
name: Sanft, Simone J.
name: Büttner, Frederike
name: Butenschön, Sylvia
name: Rennert, Rhea
name: Säumel, Ina
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 700 Künste und Unterhaltung::710 Landschaftsgestaltung, Raumplanung::710 Städtebau, Raumplanung, Landschaftsgestaltung
subject: co-creation
subject: environmental justice
subject: ecosystem services
subject: green gentrification
subject: green regeneration
subject: nature-based solutions
subject: residential greenery
subject: social cohesion

description: As multiple crises deepen existing inequalities in urban societies within and between neighborhoods, strategically integrating nature-based solutions into the living environment can help reduce negative impacts and improve public health, social cohesion, and well-being. Compared to public green such as parks, semi-public residential greenery is rarely studied, is regularly overlooked by planners, and often receives step-motherly treatment from architects and housing companies. We approximated the area of residential greenery of modernist multi-story apartment complexes in Berlin, Germany. We surveyed residents’ suggestions for improving their living environments in vulnerable neighborhoods, report on co-creation experiences, and provide a practical guideline for optimizing health-promoting residential green spaces. The semi-public open space on the doorstep of two-thirds of Berlin’s population is highly fragmented and, in total, has a similar area as the public green spaces and a great potential for qualitative development. Just as the suitability of different nature-based solutions to be integrated into the residential greenery depends on building types, resident demands differ between neighborhoods. Residents called for more involvement in design, implementation, and maintenance, frequently proposing that biodiversity-friendly measures be included. As there is no universal solution even for neighborhoods sharing similar structural and socioeconomic parameters, we propose, and have tested, an optimization loop for health-promoting residential greening that involves exploring residents’ needs and co-creating local solutions for urban regeneration processes that can be initiated by different actors using bottom-up and/or top-down approaches in order to unlock this potential for healthy, livable and biodiversity friendly cities.
Effective Operation of Demand-Responsive Transport (DRT): Implementation and Evaluation of Various Rebalancing Strategies
Creators: name: Lu, Chengqi
name: Maciejewski, Michal
name: Nagel, Kai
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::620 Ingenieurwissenschaften::620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
subject: demand-responsive transport
subject: fleet rebalancing
subject: DRT
subject: rebalancing strategies
subject: traffic simulation

description: In this study, four rebalancing strategies are implemented in an open-source multi-agent traffic simulation platform, MATSim. The impact of the rebalancing strategies on service quality of the Demand-Responsive Transport (DRT) is examined and compared. A comprehensive evaluation scheme, consisting of both conventional and innovative criteria, is introduced for this purpose. Results indicate that the claimed effectiveness of all the rebalancing strategies included in this study can be materialized in the agent-based simulation platform to certain degrees. Depending on the role a DRT system plays, different strategies may be the preferred choice. In addition, as the by-product of this study, the structure update of MATSim and the introduction of new evaluation criteria enable convenient implementation and evaluation of custom rebalancing strategies.
An empirical performance study of Intra-vehicular Wireless Sensor Networks under WiFi and Bluetooth interference
Creators: name: Lin, Jiun-Ren
name: Talty, Timothy
name: Tonguz, Ozan K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Intra-Vehicular Wireless Sensor Network (IVWSN) is a new automotive architecture that applies wireless technologies to the communications between Electrical Control Units (ECUs) and sensors. It can potentially help achieve better fuel economy, reduce wiring complexity, and support additional new applications. In the existing works, most of the popular wireless technologies applied on IVWSNs occupy the same 2.4 GHz ISM frequency bands as WiFi and Bluetooth do. It is therefore essential to evaluate the performance of IVWSNs under interference from WiFi and Bluetooth devices, especially when these devices are inside the vehicle. In this paper, we report the results of a comprehensive experimental study of IVWSNs based on ZigBee and Bluetooth Low Energy under WiFi and Bluetooth interference. The impact of the interference from Bluetooth and WiFi devices can be clearly observed from the experiments. The results of the experiments conducted suggest that Bluetooth Low Energy technology outperforms ZigBee technology in the context of IVWSNs when WiFi interference exists in the car.
A continuous mashing system controlled by mean residence time
Creators: name: Wefing, Patrick
name: Trilling, Marc
name: Gossen, Arthur
name: Neubauer, Peter
name: Schneider, Jan
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::620 Ingenieurwissenschaften::620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
subject: continuous mashing
subject: continuous stirred tank reactor
subject: CSTR
subject: mean residence time
subject: fermentable sugar

description: Continuous processes offer more environmentally friendlier beer production compared to the batch production. However, the continuous production of mashing has not become state-of-the-art in the brewing industry. The controllability and flexibility of this process still has hurdles for practical implementation, but which are necessary to react to changing raw materials. Once overcome, a continuous mashing can be efficiently adapted to the raw materials. Both mean residence time and temperature were investigated as key parameters to influence the extract and fermentable sugar content of the wort. The continuous mashing process was implemented as continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) cascade consisting of mashing in (20°C), protein rest (50°C), β-amylase rest (62-64°C), saccharification rest (72°C) and mashing out (78°C). Two different temperature settings for the β-amylase rest were investigated with particular emphasis on fermentable sugars. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and a post-hoc analysis showed that the mean residence time and temperature settings were suitable control parameters for the fermentable sugars. In the experimental conditions, the most pronounced effect was with the β-amylase rest. These results broaden the understanding of heterogenous CSTR mashing systems about assembly and selection of process parameters
Global mean sea-level rise in a world agreed upon in Paris
Creators: name: Bittermann, Sebastian
name: Rahmstorf, Stefan
name: Kopp, Robert E.
name: Kemp, Andrew C.
Publisher: name: Bristol : IOP Publishing
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Global mean sea level
subject: global mean sea-level projections
subject: Paris accord
subject: semi-empirical sea-level model
subject: 500

description: Although the 2015 Paris Agreement seeks to hold global average temperature to 'well below 2 °C above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels', projections of global mean sea-level (GMSL) rise commonly focus on scenarios in which there is a high probability that warming exceeds 1.5 °C. Using a semi-empirical model, we project GMSL changes between now and 2150 CE under a suite of temperature scenarios that satisfy the Paris Agreement temperature targets. The projected magnitude and rate of GMSL rise varies among these low emissions scenarios. Stabilizing temperature at 1.5 °C instead of 2 °C above preindustrial reduces GMSL in 2150 CE by 17 cm (90% credible interval: 14–21 cm) and reduces peak rates of rise by 1.9 mm yr−1 (90% credible interval: 1.4–2.6 mm yr−1). Delaying the year of peak temperature has little long-term influence on GMSL, but does reduce the maximum rate of rise. Stabilizing at 2 °C in 2080 CE rather than 2030 CE reduces the peak rate by 2.7 mm yr−1 (90% credible interval: 2.0–4.0 mm yr−1).
Windkraftanlagen als seismische Störquellen
Creators: name: Widmer-Schnidrig, Ruldolf
name: Forbriger, Thomas
name: Zürn, Walter
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2012

description: Windkraftanlagen werden in den letzten Jahren durch den Gesetzgeber in der Bundesrepublik massiv gefördert. Bauanträge für vier Anlagen mit einer Nabenhöhe von 100m und einer Entfernung zu den geophysikalischen Sensoren des BFO von 500 - 1000m wurden im Herbst 2003 bei den zuständigen Behörden eingereicht. Diese Pläne haben uns gezwungen, zu untersuchen, in wieweit diese Anlagen unsere hochempfindlichen Messungen von Bodenbeschleunigung, Neigung (engl.: tilt) und Extension (engl.: linear strain) negativ beeinflussen könnten. Es gilt auch einen Abstand zum BFO zu schätzen, ab dem mit keiner negativen Beeinflussung unserer Messungen durch Windkraftanlagen zu rechnen ist. Unsere Vorgehensweise besteht aus diesen Teilen: (i) Seismische Langzeitmessungen im Innern einer der Windkraftanlagen bei Loßburg/24 Höfe. (ii) Numerische Modellierung der induzierten Deformation verursacht durch eine Windkraftanlage und Vergleich mit den unter (i) erhobenen lang-periodischen Daten. (iii) Kurzzeitige seismische Messungen im Umfeld der selben Windkraftanlagen. (iv) Schätzung des Abklingverhaltens der Erschütterungen aus (iii) und Extrapolation der Pegel zu größeren Entfernungen. (v) Charakterisierung des seismischen Hintergrundrauschens am BFO. (vi) Vergleich von (iv) und (v) mit der Frage: In welcher Entfernung erreicht das abklingende Signal der Windkraftanlage den am BFO vorhandenen Rauschpegel? (vii) Schlussfolgerungen. Dieser kurze Bericht wurde ursprünglich als Posterbeitrag an der Jahrestagung der Deutschen Geophysikalischen Gesellschaft (DGG) 2004 in Berlin präsentiert.
Discovery of GRB 020405 and its late red bump
Creators: name: Frail, D.A.
name: Hurley, K.
name: Montanari, E.
name: Fellows, C.
name: McCarthy, P.
name: Gal-Yam, A.
name: Bloom, J.S.
name: Phillips, A.
name: Berger, E.
name: Boynton, W.
name: Galama, T.J.
name: Shinohara, C.
name: Lipkin, Y.
name: Reichart, D.E.
name: Djorgovski, S.G.
name: Warren, B.E.
name: Fox, D.W.
name: Kimble, R.A.
name: Holtzman, J.
name: Jerjen, H.
name: Harrison, F.A.
name: Flint, K.
name: Sari, R.
name: Chevalier, R.A.
name: Ofek, E.
name: Mazets, E.
name: Anfimov, D.
name: Wheeler, J.C.
name: Yost, S.A.
name: Piro, L.
name: Axelrod, T.S.
name: Schmidt, B.P.
name: Price, P.A.
name: Guidorzi, C.
name: Mitrofanov, I.
name: Sanin, A.
name: Costa, E.
name: Frontera, F.
name: Litvak, M.
name: Golenetskii, S.
name: Cline, T.
name: Kozyrev, A.
name: Kulkarni, S.R.
name: Harshman, K.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2003

description: We present the discovery of GRB 020405 made with the Interplanetary Network (IPN). With a duration of 60 s, the burst appears to be a typical long-duration event. We observed the 75 arcmin2 IPN error region with the Mount Stromlo Observatory's 50 inch robotic telescope and discovered a transient source that subsequently decayed and was also associated with a variable radio source. We identify this source as the afterglow of GRB 020405. Subsequent observations by other groups found varying polarized flux and established a redshift of 0.690 to the host galaxy. Motivated by the low redshift, we triggered observations with WFPC2 on board the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). Modeling the early ground-based data with a jet model, we find a clear red excess over the decaying optical light curves that is present between day 10 and day 141 (the last HST epoch). This bump has the spectral and temporal features expected of an underlying supernova (SN). In particular, the red color of the putative SN is similar to that of the SN associated with GRB 011121 at late time. Restricting the sample of GRBs to those with z < 0.7, a total of five bursts, red bumps at late times are found in GRB 970228, GRB 011121, and GRB 020405. It is possible that the simplest idea, namely, that all long-duration γ-ray bursts have underlying SNe with a modest dispersion in their properties (especially peak luminosity), is sufficient to explain the nondetections.
Additional file 7 of Efficacy and safety of gut microbiota-based therapies in autoimmune and rheumatic diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 80 randomized controlled trials
Creators: name: Zeng, Liuting
name: Yang, Kailin
name: He, Qi
name: Zhu, Xiaofei
name: Long, Zhiyong
name: Wu, Yang
name: Chen, Junpeng
name: Li, Yuwei
name: Zeng, Jinsong
name: Cui, Ge
name: Xiang, Wang
name: Hao, Wensa
name: Sun, Lingyun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 7. The publication bias of relapse rate in ulcerative colitis. The figure of publication bias of relapse rate in ulcerative colitis.
Beware of the Unexpected: Bimodal Taint Analysis
Creators: name: Chow, Yiu Wai
name: Schäfer, Max
name: Pradel, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Static analysis is a powerful tool for detecting security vulnerabilities and other programming problems. Global taint tracking, in particular, can spot vulnerabilities arising from complicated data flow across multiple functions. However, precisely identifying which flows are problematic is challenging, and sometimes depends on factors beyond the reach of pure program analysis, such as conventions and informal knowledge. For example, learning that a parameter "name" of an API function "locale" ends up in a file path is surprising and potentially problematic. In contrast, it would be completely unsurprising to find that a parameter "command" passed to an API function "execaCommand" is eventually interpreted as part of an operating-system command. This paper presents Fluffy, a bimodal taint analysis that combines static analysis, which reasons about data flow, with machine learning, which probabilistically determines which flows are potentially problematic. The key idea is to let machine learning models predict from natural language information involved in a taint flow, such as API names, whether the flow is expected or unexpected, and to inform developers only about the latter. We present a general framework and instantiate it with four learned models, which offer different trade-offs between the need to annotate training data and the accuracy of predictions. We implement Fluffy on top of the CodeQL analysis framework and apply it to 250K JavaScript projects. Evaluating on five common vulnerability types, we find that Fluffy achieves an F1 score of 0.85 or more on four of them across a variety of datasets.