cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Transitions in health care settings for frequent and infrequent users of emergency departments: a population-based retrospective cohort study
Creators: name: Rosychuk, Rhonda J.
name: Chen, Anqi A.
name: Ospina, Maria B.
name: McRae, Andrew D.
name: Hu, X. Joan
name: McLane, Patrick
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Diagnosis categories. Supplementary Table 2. Characteristics of HSUs and controls by provinces. Supplementary Table 3. Characteristics of Alberta patients and events at the different transitions. Supplementary Table 4. Characteristics of Ontario patients and events at the different transitions. Supplementary Table 5. Diagnoses at the ED to community, ED to hospital, hospital to community, ED to death, and hospital to death transitions. Supplementary Table 6. Hazard ratios (HRs) and associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for multivariable models for the transitions from community. Supplementary Table 7. Hazard ratios (HRs) and associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for multivariable models for the transitions to death. Supplementary Table 8. Hazard ratios (HRs) and associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for multivariable models for the transitions to ED to community, ED to hospital, and hospital to community: variables not related to diagnosis. Supplementary Table 9. Hazard ratios (HRs) and associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for multivariable models for the transitions to ED to community, ED to hospital, and hospital to community: variables related to diagnosis. Supplementary Figure 1. Ratio of HSU vs control hazard ratios and associated 95% confidence intervals for the ED to death transition. Reference categories are Ontario, female, combined medium-low to highest income quintile, large urban area, and family physician or other health care provider. Supplementary Figure 2. Ratio of HSU vs control hazard ratios and associated 95% confidence intervals for the hospital to death transition. Reference categories are Ontario, female, combined medium-low to highest income quintile, large urban area, and family physician or other health care provider. Supplementary Figure 3. Ratio of HSU vs control hazard ratios and associated 95% confidence intervals for the hospital to community transition (key diagnostic groups presented). Reference categories are Ontario, female, combined medium-low to highest income quintile, large urban area, family physician or other health care provider, and diagnoses other than those presented in Supplementary Table 9. Supplementary Figure 4. Ratio of HSU vs control hazard ratios and associated 95% confidence intervals for the community to hospital transition. Reference categories are Ontario, female, combined medium-low to highest income quintile, large urban area, and family physician or other health care provider. Supplementary Figure 5. Cummulative hazard function estimates for HSUs and controls (CON) for the different state transitions.
Additional file 1 of Dietary protein and the glycemic index handle insulin resistance within a nutritional program for avoiding weight regain after energy-restricted induced weight loss
Creators: name: Vidal-Ostos, Fernando
name: Ramos-Lopez, Omar
name: Jebb, Susan A.
name: Papadaki, Angeliki
name: Pfeiffer, Andreas F. H.
name: Handjieva-Darlenska, Teodora
name: Kunešová, Marie
name: Blaak, Ellen E.
name: Astrup, Arne
name: Martinez, J. Alfredo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary table 1. TyG index correlation with BMI changes within complete nutritional program and weight maintenance stage.
Temperature-concentration phase diagram of (Ca1-xLax)10(Pt3As8)(Fe2As2)5 superconductors
Creators: name: Ni, N.
name: Straszheim, W. E.
name: Williams, D. J.
name: Tanatar, M. A.
name: Prozorov, R.
name: Bauer, E. D.
name: Ronning, F.
name: Thompson, J. D.
name: Cava, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single crystals of (Ca1-xLax)10(Pt3As8)(Fe2As2)5 (x = 0 to 0.182) superconductors have been grown and characterized by X-ray, microprobe, transport and thermodynamic measurements. Features in the magnetic susceptibility, specific heat and two kinks in the derivative of the electrical resistivity around 100 K in the x = 0 compound support the existence of decoupled structural and magnetic phase transitions. With La doping, the structural/magnetic phase transitions are suppressed and a half-dome of superconductivity with a maximal Tc around 26 K is observed in the temperature-concentration phase diagram.
description: The affiliations are corrected. Arxiv number for reference 10 is added
Dynamical properties of models for the Calvin cycle
Creators: name: Rendall, Alan D.
name: Velazquez, Juan J. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Modelling the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis leads to various systems of ordinary differential equations and reaction-diffusion equations. They differ by the choice of chemical substances included in the model, the choices of stoichiometric coefficients and chemical kinetics and whether or not diffusion is taken into account. This paper studies the long-time behaviour of solutions of several of these systems, concentrating on the ODE case. In some examples it is shown that there exist two positive stationary solutions. In several cases it is shown that there exist solutions where the concentrations of all substrates tend to zero at late times and others (runaway solutions) where the concentrations of all substrates increase without limit. In another case, where the concentration of ATP is explicitly included, runaway solutions are ruled out.
description: 38 pages
What have we learned from observational cosmology ?
Creators: name: Hamilton, Jean-Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the observational foundations of the $Λ$CDM model, considered by most cosmologists as the standard model of cosmology. The Cosmological Principle, a key assumption of the model is shown to be verified with increasing accuracy. The fact that the Universe seems to have expanded from and hot and dense past is supported by many independent probes (galaxy redshifts, Cosmic Microwave Background, Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis and reionization). The explosion of detailed observations in the last few decades has allowed for precise measurements of the cosmological parameters within Friedman-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker cosmologies leading to the $Λ$CDM model: an apparently flat Universe, dominated by a cosmological constant, whose matter component is dominantly dark. We describe and discuss the various observational probes that led to this conclusion and conclude that the $Λ$CDM model, although leaving a number of open questions concerning the deep nature of the constituents of the Universe, provides the best theoretical framework to explain the observations.
description: 23 pages, no figure. Proceedings of "Philosophical Aspects of Modern Cosmology" held in Granada, Spain, 22-23 Sept. 2011. Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics (2013)
Additional file 3 of Systematic review and meta-analysis of head-to-head trials comparing sulfonylureas and low hypoglycaemic risk antidiabetic drugs
Creators: name: Volke, Vallo
name: Katus, Urmeli
name: Johannson, Annika
name: Toompere, Karolin
name: Heinla, Keiu
name: Rünkorg, Kertu
name: Uusküla, Anneli
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 3
Simulationsuntersuchung zur Bestimmung der Degradation hochrobuster Metallisierungssysteme
Creators: name: Kludt, Jörg
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Reliability
subject: design of semiconductor devices
subject: Zuverlässigkeit
subject: Entwurf von Halbleiterstrukturen
subject: Back-End-of-Line
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau::621 | Angewandte Physik::621,3 | Elektrotechnik, Elektronik

description: [no abstract]
Additional file 1 of “It’s starting to weigh on me”: Exploring the Experiences and Support Needs of Harm Reduction Staff in Connecticut using the Social-Ecological Model
Creators: name: Hill, Katherine
name: Dunham, Katherine
name: Grau, Lauretta E.
name: Heimer, Robert
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Harm reduction staff—Interview guide.
The Origin and Chemical Evolution of the Exotic Globular Cluster NGC3201
Creators: name: Muñoz, C.
name: Geisler, D.
name: Villanova, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: NGC3201 is a globular cluster (GC) which shows very peculiar kinematic characteristics including an extreme radial velocity and a highly retrograde orbit, strongly suggesting an extraGalactic origin. Our aims are to study NGC3201 in the context of multiple populations (MPs), hoping to constrain possible candidates for the self-enrichment by studying the chemical abundance pattern, as well as adding insight into the origin of this intriguing cluster. We present a detailed chemical abundance analysis of eight red giant branch (RGB) stars using high resolution spectroscopy. We measured 29 elements and found [Fe/H]=-1.53+/-0.01, we cannot rule out a metallicity spread of ~0.12 dex, and an alpha-enhancement typical of halo GCs. However significant spreads are observed in the abundances of all light elements except for Mg. We confirm the presence of an extended Na-O anticorrelation. n-capture elements generally are dominated by the r-process, in good agreement with the bulk of Galactic GCs. The total (C+N+O) abundance is slightly supersolar and requires a small downward correction to the isochrone age, yielding 11.4 Gyr. Kinematically, NGC3201 appears likely to have had an extraGalactic origin but its chemical evolution is similar to most other, presumably native, Galactic GCs.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Two-level metallization and module integration of point-contacted solar cells
Creators: name: Schulte-Huxel, Henning
name: Römer, Udo
name: Blankemeyer, Susanne
name: Merkle, Agnes
name: Larionova, Yevgeniya
name: Steckenreiter, Verena
name: Peibst, Robby
name: Kajari-Schröder, Sarah
name: Brendel, Rolf
Publisher: name: Amsterdam : Elsevier
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Al metallization
subject: Back junction back contact
subject: Cell interconnection
subject: Laser micro welding
subject: Module integration
subject: Point contact solar cells
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: We present a module integration process for back junction back contact (BJBC) solar cells featuring point contacts to the back surface field (BSF). We apply two metallization layers. A first metal layer of aluminum is deposited onto the rear side of the cell and carries the current extracted from the polarity with the larger surface area fraction, e.g. from the emitter. The second metallization layer is an Al layer on a transparent substrate that we laser-weld to the small and point-shaped regions of the other polarity, e.g. the BSF region. We use a polymer for insulation between the two metal layers. The Al layer on the substrate also serves for cell interconnection, i.e., it enables module integration. Such an interconnection structure halves the fill factor losses due to the metallization. First proof-of-principle modules show a shunt free interconnection, no laser-induced damage, and an energy conversion efficiency of up to 20.7%.
Measurement of mobility in dual-gated MoS2 transistors
Creators: name: Fuhrer, Michael S.
name: Hone, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atomically thin semiconducting MoS2 is of great interest for high-performance flexible electronic and optoelectronic devices. Initial measurements using back-gated field-effect transistor (FET) structures on SiO2 yielded mobility of 1-50 cm^2/Vs for few-layer MoS2[1, 2]. Initial measurements using back-gated field-effect transistor (FET) structures on SiO2 yielded mobility of 1-50 cm^2/Vs for few-layer MoS2[1, 2]. However, greatly increased mobility - as high as 900 cm^2/Vs - was recently reported for monolayer MoS2 by Radisavljevic, et al.[Ref. 3; see also Refs. 4-6], and for multilayer MoS2 by others[7, 8], in devices covered by a high-kappa dielectric layer and a metal top gate. Similar increases were reported for electrolyte top-gated MoS2[9]. A puzzling common aspect of these reports is that the double-gated devices consistently show much higher mobility when measured using the weakly-coupled back gate (typically 300 nm of SiO2) than using the strongly-coupled top gate. While this difference might be attributed to a different quality of the top and bottom surfaces, the large discrepancy motivates close examination of the measurement techniques to rule out spurious effects. Notably, it has been shown that the mobility may be greatly overestimated in this geometry[10, 11]. There is good evidence that this is the case here[4-9]; below we discuss Radisavljevic, et al.[4] as an illustrative example.
description: Submitted as correspondence to Nature Nanotechnology
Additional file 1 of Prognostic value of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in adults with non-small cell Lung Cancer: a scoping review
Creators: name: Liao, Kuan
name: Wang, Tianxiao
name: Coomber-Moore, Jake
name: Wong, David C
name: Gomes, Fabio
name: Faivre-Finn, Corinne
name: Sperrin, Matthew
name: Yorke, Janelle
name: van der Veer, Sabine N
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Equatorial Circular Geodesics in the Hartle-Thorne Spacetime
Creators: name: Bini, Donato
name: Boshkayev, Kuantay
name: Ruffini, Remo
name: Siutsou, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the influence of the quadrupole moment of a rotating source on the motion of a test particle in the strong field regime. For this purpose the Hartle-Thorne metric, that is an approximate solution of vacuum Einstein field equations that describes the exterior of any slowly rotating, stationary and axially symmetric body, is used. The metric is given with accuracy up to the second order terms in the body's angular momentum, and first order terms in its quadrupole moment. We give, with the same accuracy, analytic equations for equatorial circular geodesics in the Hartle-Thorne spacetime and integrate them numerically.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures, published in the proceedings of the 12th Italian-Korean Sympothium on Relativistic Astrophysics
Scalable Dissipative Preparation of Many-Body Entanglement
Creators: name: Reiter, Florentin
name: Reeb, David
name: Sorensen, Anders S.
Publisher: name: College Park : American Physical Society
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strapped ions
subject: multiparticle entanglement
subject: quantum computation
subject: steady-state
subject: atoms
subject: decoherence
subject: simulator
subject: driven
subject: bits
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: We present a technique for the dissipative preparation of highly entangled multiparticle states of atoms coupled to common oscillator modes. By combining local spontaneous emission with coherent couplings, we engineer many-body dissipation that drives the system from an arbitrary initial state into a Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state. We demonstrate that using our technique highly entangled steady states can be prepared efficiently in a time that scales polynomially with the system size. Our protocol assumes generic couplings and will thus enable the dissipative production of multiparticle entanglement in a wide range of physical systems. As an example, we demonstrate the feasibility of our scheme in state-of-the-art trapped-ion systems.
CURTAINs for your Sliding Window: Constructing Unobserved Regions by Transforming Adjacent Intervals
Creators: name: Raine, John Andrew
name: Klein, Samuel
name: Sengupta, Debajyoti
name: Golling, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new model independent technique for constructing background data templates for use in searches for new physics processes at the LHC. This method, called CURTAINs, uses invertible neural networks to parametrise the distribution of side band data as a function of the resonant observable. The network learns a transformation to map any data point from its value of the resonant observable to another chosen value. Using CURTAINs, a template for the background data in the signal window is constructed by mapping the data from the side-bands into the signal region. We perform anomaly detection using the CURTAINs background template to enhance the sensitivity to new physics in a bump hunt. We demonstrate its performance in a sliding window search across a wide range of mass values. Using the LHC Olympics dataset, we demonstrate that CURTAINs matches the performance of other leading approaches which aim to improve the sensitivity of bump hunts, can be trained on a much smaller range of the invariant mass, and is fully data driven.
description: 31 pages, 18 figures, 2 tables
title: The Development of a Public Optometry System in Mozambique: a Cost Benefit Analysis
titleType: Other
Creators: name: Loughman, James
name: Thompson, Stephen
Publisher: name: TU Dublin
Year: 2014

description: Background: The economic burden of uncorrected refractive error (URE) is thought to be high in Mozambique, largely as a consequence of the lack of resources and systems to tackle this largely avoidable problem. The Mozambique Eyecare Project (MEP) has established the first optometry training and human resource deployment initiative to address the burden of URE in Lusophone Africa. The nature of the MEP programme provides the opportunity to determine, using Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA), whether investing in the establishment and delivery of a comprehensive system for optometry human resource development and public sector deployment is economically justifiable for Lusophone Africa. Methods: A CBA methodology was applied across the period 2009–2049. Costs associated with establishing and operating a school of optometry, and a programme to address uncorrected refractive error, were included. Benefits were calculated using a human capital approach to valuing sight. Disability weightings from the Global Burden of Disease study were applied. Costs were subtracted from benefits to provide the net societal benefit, which was discounted to provide the net present value using a 3% discount rate. Results: Using the most recently published disability weightings, the potential exists, through the correction of URE in 24.3 million potentially economically productive persons, to achieve a net present value societal benefit of up to $1.1 billion by 2049, at a Benefit-Cost ratio of 14:1. When CBA assumptions are varied as part of the sensitivity analysis, the results suggest the societal benefit could lie in the range of $649 million to $9.6 billion by 2049. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that a programme designed to address the burden of refractive error in Mozambique is economically justifiable in terms of the increased productivity that would result due to its implementation.
Additional file 1 of Sex differences in the rapid detection of neutral faces associated with emotional value
Creators: name: Saito, Akie
name: Sato, Wataru
name: Yoshikawa, Sakiko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Demographic data. Table S2. Mean (with SE) correct proportions of each type of target face detection in the visual search task among female and male participants who succeeded in the previous associative learning task. Figure S1. Mean (with SE) correct proportions of target face detection in the visual search task among female and male participants who succeeded in the previous associative learning task, collapsing the factor of stimulus sex.
Geranium molle L.
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: G. molle L. Cat. 60. Obere Höhengrenze festzustellen. (Die Zahl «2000m» im Cat. und die Angabe eines Fundortes aus der subalpinen Höhenstufe [Gr. St. Bernhard] dürften irrig sein.) l: St-Maurice (J.); Miéville (Coquoz); Médettaz (J.).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Eisenstoffwechsel im Maushoden : die Bedeutung von IRP2 (Iron Regulatory Protein 2) für die testikuläre Eisenhomöostase in der Maus
Creators: name: Marohn, Britta
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Spermatogenesis
subject: sperm motility
subject: IRP2
subject: Spermatogenese
subject: Spermienmotilität
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: [no abstract]
The Burst Mode of Accretion in Primordial Protostars
Creators: name: Vorobyov, Eduard I.
name: DeSouza, Alexander L.
name: Basu, Shantanu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the formation and long-term evolution of primordial protostellar disks harbored by first stars using numerical hydrodynamics simulations in the thin-disk limit. The initial conditions are specified by pre-stellar cores with distinct mass, angular momentum, and temperature. This allows us to probe several tens of thousand years of the disk's initial evolution, during which we observe multiple episodes of fragmentation leading to the formation of gravitationally bound gaseous clumps within spiral arms. These fragments are torqued inward due to gravitational interaction with the spiral arms on timescales of 10^3 - 10^4 yr and accreted onto the growing protostar, giving rise to accretion and luminosity bursts. The burst phenomenon is fueled by continuing accretion of material falling onto the disk from the collapsing parent core, which replenishes the mass lost by the disk due to accretion, and triggers repetitive episodes of disk fragmentation. We show that the burst phenomenon is expected to occur for a wide spectrum of initial conditions in primordial pre-stellar cores and speculate on how the intense luminosities (~10^7 solar luminosities) produced by this mechanism may have important consequences for the disk evolution and subsequent growth of the protostar.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
The role of social media on professional identity formation in healthcare trainees: A scoping review.
Creators: name: Michelow, Pamela
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Education
subject: Professional identity formation

description: Previous research has identified role models and mentors, and experiential learning as the most significant factors in professional identity formation in healthcare trainees. Given the universality and pervasiveness of social media, it would be expected that social media plays a role in professional identity formation. However, there appears to be little information in this regard. The aim of this study was to chart available information on the role of social media on professional identity formation in healthcare trainees. A scoping review using PRISMA-ScR guidelines was undertaken.
Path-resolved electron transport in a triangular triple quantum dot system
Creators: name: Kotzian, Monika
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Triple quantum dots
subject: path-resolved transport
subject: Coulomb correlations
subject: Dreifachquantenpunkte
subject: pfadaufgelöster Transport
subject: Coulomb-Korrelationen
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: [no abstract]
Aufkommens- und Entscheidungseffekte von Ertragsteuern
Creators: name: Kreinacke, Marcos
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Local income taxes
subject: regional tax effects
subject: microsimulation
subject: tax statistics
subject: thin capitalization
subject: organizational form neutrality
subject: choice of legal form
subject: liability limitation
subject: tax avoidance
subject: tax aggressiveness
subject: tax audit
subject: Gemeindeeinkommensteuer
subject: Kernstadt-Umland-Wirkung
subject: Mikrosimulation
subject: Steuerstatistik
subject: Zinsabzugsbeschränkungen
subject: Rechtsformneutralität
subject: Rechtsformentscheidungen
subject: Haftungsbeschränkung
subject: Steuerplanung
subject: Steueraggressivität
subject: Steuerprüfung
subject: Corporate Governance
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::330 | Wirtschaft

description: [no abstract]
The Itô integral with respect to an infinite dimensional Lévy process: A series approach
Creators: name: Tappe, Stefan
Publisher: name: New York, NY : Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Itô Integral
subject: Lévy Process
subject: Hilbert Spaces
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::510 | Mathematik

description: We present an alternative construction of the infinite dimensional Itô integral with respect to a Hilbert space valued Lévy process. This approach is based on the well-known theory of real-valued stochastic integration, and the respective Itô integral is given by a series of Itô integrals with respect to standard Lévy processes. We also prove that this stochastic integral coincides with the Itô integral that has been developed in the literature. © 2013 Stefan Tappe.
Clustering for multivariate continuous and discrete longitudinal data
Creators: name: Komárek, Arnošt
name: Komárková, Lenka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multiple outcomes, both continuous and discrete, are routinely gathered on subjects in longitudinal studies and during routine clinical follow-up in general. To motivate our work, we consider a longitudinal study on patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) with a continuous bilirubin level, a discrete platelet count and a dichotomous indication of blood vessel malformations as examples of such longitudinal outcomes. An apparent requirement is to use all the outcome values to classify the subjects into groups (e.g., groups of subjects with a similar prognosis in a clinical setting). In recent years, numerous approaches have been suggested for classification based on longitudinal (or otherwise correlated) outcomes, targeting not only traditional areas like biostatistics, but also rapidly evolving bioinformatics and many others. However, most available approaches consider only continuous outcomes as a basis for classification, or if noncontinuous outcomes are considered, then not in combination with other outcomes of a different nature. Here, we propose a statistical method for clustering (classification) of subjects into a prespecified number of groups with a priori unknown characteristics on the basis of repeated measurements of several longitudinal outcomes of a different nature. This method relies on a multivariate extension of the classical generalized linear mixed model where a mixture distribution is additionally assumed for random effects. We base the inference on a Bayesian specification of the model and simulation-based Markov chain Monte Carlo methodology. To apply the method in practice, we have prepared ready-to-use software for use in R (http://www.R-project.org). We also discuss evaluation of uncertainty in the classification and also discuss usage of a recently proposed methodology for model comparison - the selection of a number of clusters in our case - based on the penalized posterior deviance proposed by Plummer [Biostatistics 9 (2008) 523-539].
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/12-AOAS580 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Additional file 1 of Radiation exposure assessment of nuclear medicine staff administering [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE with active and passive dosimetry
Creators: name: Riveira-Martin, Mercedes
name: Struelens, Lara
name: Muñoz Iglesias, José
name: Schoonjans, Werner
name: Tabuenca, Olga
name: Nogueiras, José Manuel
name: Salvador Gómez, Francisco Javier
name: López Medina, Antonio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1. The available supplementary material provides additional details on the nuclear medicine facilities and materials used for the administration of 177Lu-DOTATATE. Additional tables with complementary statistical information are also included.
Results of an all-sky high-frequency Einstein@Home search for continuous gravitational waves in LIGO's fifth science run
Creators: name: Singh, Avneet
name: Papa, Maria Alessandra
name: Eggenstein, Heinz-Bernd
name: Zhu, Sylvia J.
name: Pletsch, H.
name: Allen, Bruce
name: Bock, Oliver
name: Maschenchalk, Bernd
name: Prix, Reinhard
name: Siemens, Xavier
Publisher: name: College Park, MD : American Physical Society
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: gravitational waves
subject: LIGO
subject: Gravitationswelle
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: We present results of a high-frequency all-sky search for continuous gravitational waves from isolated compact objects in LIGO's fifth science run (S5) data, using the computing power of the Einstein@Home volunteer computing project. This is the only dedicated continuous gravitational wave search that probes this high-frequency range on S5 data. We find no significant candidate signal, so we set 90% confidence level upper limits on continuous gravitational wave strain amplitudes. At the lower end of the search frequency range, around 1250 Hz, the most constraining upper limit is 5.0×10-24, while at the higher end, around 1500 Hz, it is 6.2×10-24. Based on these upper limits, and assuming a fiducial value of the principal moment of inertia of 1038 kg m2, we can exclude objects with ellipticities higher than roughly 2.8×10-7 within 100 pc of Earth with rotation periods between 1.3 and 1.6 milliseconds.
Isolation and characterisation of irinans, androstane-type withanolides from Physalis peruviana L.
Creators: name: Stein, Annika
name: Compera, Dave
name: Karge, Blanka
name: Brönstrup, Mark
name: Franke, Jakob
Publisher: name: Frankfurt am Main : Beilstein-Institut zur Förderung der Chemischen Wissenschaften
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Androstanes
subject: Physalis peruviana
subject: Steroids
subject: Structure elucidation
subject: Withanolides
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: Withanolides are steroidal lactones widespread in Nightshade plants with often potent antiproliferative activities. Additionally, the structural diversity of this compound class holds much potential for the discovery of novel biological activity. Here, we report two newly characterised withanolides, named irinans, from Physalis peruviana with highly unusual truncated backbones that resemble mammalian androstane sex hormones. Based on biomimetic chemical reactions, we propose a model that links these compounds to withanolide biosynthesis. Irinans have potent antiproliferative activities, that are however lower than those of 4ß-hydroxywithanolide E. Our work establishes androwithanolides as a new subclass of withanolides.
A comparative review of peridynamics and phase-field models for engineering fracture mechanics
Creators: name: Diehl, Patrick
name: Lipton, Robert
name: Wick, Thomas
name: Tyagi, Mayank
Publisher: name: Berlin ; Heidelberg : Springer
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Peridynamics
subject: Phase-field
subject: Validation studies
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::000 | Allgemeines, Wissenschaft::000 | Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 | Informatik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Computational modeling of the initiation and propagation of complex fracture is central to the discipline of engineering fracture mechanics. This review focuses on two promising approaches: phase-field (PF) and peridynamic (PD) models applied to this class of problems. The basic concepts consisting of constitutive models, failure criteria, discretization schemes, and numerical analysis are briefly summarized for both models. Validation against experimental data is essential for all computational methods to demonstrate predictive accuracy. To that end, the Sandia Fracture Challenge and similar experimental data sets where both models could be benchmarked against are showcased. Emphasis is made to converge on common metrics for the evaluation of these two fracture modeling approaches. Both PD and PF models are assessed in terms of their computational effort and predictive capabilities, with their relative advantages and challenges are summarized. © 2022, The Author(s).
Additional file 2 of The resistomes of Mycobacteroides abscessus complex and their possible acquisition from horizontal gene transfer
Creators: name: Chong, Shay Lee
name: Tan, Joon Liang
name: Ngeow, Yun Fong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Fig.S1 Flowchart describing the entire workflow. Anoverview of the main methods and results in the current study. Fig. S2 The core- and pan-genome plotof studied MABC subspecies. The core- and pan-genome curves of the three MABCsubspecies were illustrated using red (M.abscessus), green (M. bolletii)and blue (M. massiliense). Thecore-genome curve represents the least-squares fit of exponential decayfunction to average number of gene families that consistently observed for eachaddition of new genomes, whereas the pan-genome curve indicate the power lawfitting of the average number of novel gene family added per additional genomesequences. The exponents (0.44 in M.abscessus, 0.30 in M. bolletiiand 0.42 in M. massiliense) ofpan-genome curves are greater than zero, indicating each MABC subspecies has anopen pan-genome.
The plasmoid instability during asymmetric inflow magnetic reconnection
Creators: name: Murphy, Nicholas A.
name: Young, Aleida K.
name: Shen, Chengcai
name: Lin, Jun
name: Ni, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theoretical studies of the plasmoid instability generally assume that the reconnecting magnetic fields are symmetric. We relax this assumption by performing two-dimensional resistive magnetohydrodynamic simulations of the plasmoid instability during asymmetric inflow magnetic reconnection. Magnetic asymmetry modifies the onset, scaling, and dynamics of this instability. Magnetic islands develop preferentially into the weak magnetic field upstream region. Outflow jets from individual X-points impact plasmoids obliquely rather than directly as in the symmetric case. Consequently, deposition of momentum by the outflow jets into the plasmoids is less efficient, the plasmoids develop net vorticity, and shear flow slows down secondary merging between islands. Secondary merging events have asymmetry along both the inflow and outflow directions. Downstream plasma is more turbulent in cases with magnetic asymmetry because islands are able to roll around each other after exiting the current sheet. As in the symmetric case, plasmoid formation facilitates faster reconnection for at least small and moderate magnetic asymmetries. However, when the upstream magnetic field strengths differ by a factor of four, the reconnection rate plateaus at a lower value than expected from scaling the symmetric results. We perform a parameter study to investigate the onset of the plasmoid instability as a function of magnetic asymmetry and domain size. There exist domain sizes for which symmetric simulations are stable but asymmetric simulations are unstable, suggesting that moderate magnetic asymmetry is somewhat destabilizing. We discuss the implications for plasmoid and flux rope formation in solar eruptions, laboratory reconnection experiments, and space plasmas. The differences between symmetric and asymmetric simulations provide some hints regarding the nature of the three-dimensional plasmoid instability.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, to be published in Physics of Plasmas
Etablierung und Charakterisierung eines Systems zur toxikologischen Untersuchung von Feststoffpartikelaerosolen an Zellen des menschlichen Respirationstraktes
Creators: name: Möhle, Niklas
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Direct exposure
subject: aerosol generation
subject: particle
subject: REACH
subject: Cultex® RFS
subject: Direktexposition
subject: Aerosolgeneration
subject: Partikel
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: [no abstract]
title: Supplementation With Three Different Macular Carotenoid Formulations in Patients  With Early Age-Related Macular Degeneration.
titleType: Other
Creators: name: Loughman, James
Publisher: name: TU Dublin
Year: 2014

description: Purpose: To investigate the impact of three different macular carotenoid formulations on macular pigment optical density and visual performance in subjects with early age-related macular degeneration. Methods: Fifty-two subjects were supplemented and followed for 12 months, 17 of them were in intervention Group 1 (20 mg/day lutein and 2 mg/day zeaxanthin); 21 in Group 2 (10 mg/day meso-zeaxanthin, 10 mg/day lutein, and 2 mg/day zeaxanthin); and 14 in Group 3 (17 mg/day meso-zeaxanthin, 3 mg/day lutein, and 2 mg/day zeaxanthin). The macular pigment optical density was measured using customized heterochromatic flicker photometry, and visual function was assessed using corrected distance visual acuity and by letter contrast sensitivity. Results: A statistically significant increase in the macular pigment optical density was observed at all measured eccentricities in Group 2 (P # 0.005) and in Group 3 (P , 0.05, for all), but only at 1.75° in Group 1 (P = 0.018). Statistically significant (P , 0.05) improvements in letter contrast sensitivity were seen at all spatial frequencies (except 1.2 cycles per degree) in Group 3, and at low spatial frequencies in Groups 1 and 2. Conclusion: Augmentation of the macular pigment optical density across its spatial profile and enhancements in contrast sensitivity were best achieved after supplementation with a formulation containing high doses of meso-zeaxanthin in combination with lutein and zeaxanthin.
Classical Simulation of Squeezed Vacuum in Optical Waveguide Arrays
Creators: name: Sukhorukov, Andrey A.
name: Solntsev, Alexander S.
name: Sipe, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reveal that classical light diffraction in arrays of specially modulated coupled optical waveguides can simulate the quantum process of two-mode squeezing in nonlinear media, with the waveguide mode amplitudes corresponding the signal and idler photon numbers. The whole Fock space is mapped by a set of arrays, where each array represents the states with a fixed difference between the signal and idler photon numbers. We demonstrate a critical transition from photon number growth to Bloch oscillations with periodical revivals of an arbitrary input state, associated with an increase of the effective phase mismatch between the pump and the squeezed photons.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of Sex-based differences in natural killer T cell-mediated protection against diet-induced steatohepatitis in Balb/c mice
Creators: name: Cuño-Gómiz, Carlos
name: de Gregorio, Estefanía
name: Tutusaus, Anna
name: Rider, Patricia
name: Andrés-Sánchez, Nuria
name: Colell, Anna
name: Morales, Albert
name: Marí, Montserrat
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1. HFCD feeding induces more severe steatohepatitis in males than females, especially in CD1d−/− mice. a Representative H&E staining of liver sections, scale bar: 100 μm; b body weight; and c liver weight of 6 weeks HFCD-fed Balb/c (WT) and CD1d-KO mice, males or females. n = 8–10. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.005, ***p < 0.001 vs. corresponding HFCD-groups.
Einheit des Selbstbewußtseins oder "natürliche Einheit des Wissens"? : von der Metaphysik als Wissenschaft zur metaphysischen Naturwissenschaft
Creators: name: Müller, Christiane
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Transcendental philosophy
subject: evolutionary epistemology
subject: human nature
subject: Transzendentalphilosophie
subject: evolutionäre Erkenntnistheorie
subject: menschliche Natur
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::100 | Philosophie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften

description: [no abstract]
On moments-preserving cosine families and semigroups in $C[0,1]$
Creators: name: Bobrowski, Adam
name: Mugnolo, Delio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47D06, 47D09

description: We use the newly developed Kelvin's method of images \cite{kosinusy,kelvin} to show existence of a unique cosine family generated by a restriction of the Laplace operator in $C[0,1]$, that preserves the first two moments. We characterize the domain of its generator by specifying its boundary conditions. Also, we show that it enjoys inherent symmetry properties, and in particular that it leaves the subspaces of odd and even functions invariant. Furthermore, we provide information on long-time behavior of the related semigroup.
description: 20 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 1 of The impact of exercise modalities on blood glucose, blood pressure and body composition in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Creators: name: Ambelu, Tensay
name: Teferi, Getu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Marine Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1
Additional file 1 of Association between cancer stem cell gene expression signatures and prognosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Creators: name: Kim, Su Il
name: Woo, Seon Rang
name: Noh, Joo Kyung
name: Lee, Min Kyeong
name: Lee, Young Chan
name: Lee, Jung Woo
name: Kong, Moonkyoo
name: Ko, Seong-Gyu
name: Eun, Young-Gyu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure 1. The prognosis according to the mRNA expression of each CSC gene in TCGA cohort. Cut-off values for continuous mRNA expression values were selected while referring to the ROC curve analysis. Kaplan–Meier plots showing the 5-year OS or RFS rates between the two subgroups based on the cut-off values of each CSC gene in TCGA cohort were depicted. Log-rank test was used to compare the prognosis of the two subgroups for each gene, and the plots with the lower p-value between plots depicting the 5-year OS and RFS for each gene were then selected. (a-d) CD44, MET, ALDH1A1, and BMI1 showed significant differences in the OS or RFS rates between the two subgroups classified according to the mRNA expression in TCGA cohort (p=0.0069, 0.0051, 0.028, and 0.021, respectively). (e-g) There were no significant differences in the OS or RFS rates between the two subgroups classified according to the mRNA expression of PROM1, SOX2, and POU5F1 in TCGA cohort (p=0.11, 0.097, and 0.12, respectively). *p<0.05
Field-Free Synthetic-Ferromagnet Spin Torque Oscillator
Creators: name: Zhou, Yan
name: Xiao, Jiang
name: Bauer, Gerrit E. W.
name: Zhang, F. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the magnetization dynamics of spin valve structures with a free composite synthetic ferromagnet (SyF) that consists of two ferromagnetic layers coupled through a normal metal spacer. A ferromagnetically coupled SyF can be excited into dynamical precessional states by an applied current without external magnetic fields. We analytically determine the stability of these states in the space spanned by the current density and SyF interlayer exchange coupling. Numerical simulations confirm our analytical results.