cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Timing and Spectral Studies of the X-ray Pulsar 2S 1417$-$624 During the Outburst in 2021
Creators: name: Mandal, Manoj
name: Pal, Sabyasachi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the timing and spectral properties of the X-ray pulsar 2S 1417--624 during the recent outburst in January 2021 based on the Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) observation. We also used some early data from the 2018 outburst to compare different temporal and spectral properties. The evolution of the spin period and pulsed flux is studied with Fermi/GBM during the outburst and the spin-up rate is found to be varied between $\simeq(0.8-1.8)\times 10^{-11}$ Hz s$^{-1}$. The pulse profile shows energy dependence and variability. The pulse profile shows multiple peaks and dips which evolve with energy. The evolution of the spectral state of this source is also studied using the hardness intensity diagram (HID). The HID shows a transition from the horizontal to the diagonal branch, which implies the source went through a state transition from the subcritical to supercritical accretion regime. The NICER energy spectrum is well described by a composite model of a power-law with a higher cut-off energy and blackbody components along with a photo-electric absorption component. An iron emission line is detected near 6.4 keV in the NICER spectrum with an equivalent width of $\sim$0.05 keV. The photon index shows an anti-correlation with flux below the critical flux. The mass accretion rate is estimated to be $\simeq1.3\times10^{17}$ g s$^{-1}$ near the peak of the outburst. We have found a positive correlation between the pulse frequency derivatives and luminosity. The Ghosh and Lamb model is applied to estimate the magnetic field at different spin-up rates, which is compared to the earlier estimated magnetic field at a relatively high mass accretion rate. The magnetic field is estimated to be $\simeq10^{14}$ G from the torque-luminosity model using the distance estimated by Gaia, which is comparatively higher than most of the other Be/XBPs.
description: Published in Astrophysics & Space Science
A Demon With Ruby Eyes
Creators: name: Ahmed Asif, Manan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: History

description: This essay takes a longitudinal look at how different communities dealt with political and theological difference in the same space. It examines accounts of Uch Sharif, in contemporary Pakistan, from the thirteenth century to the present. It specifically traces a motif of ‘ruby eyes’ in Arabic and Persian historiography in an effort to delineate how difference was represented and assimilated. It argues that until the late colonial period, religious difference was mutually comprehensible, even if incommensurate. The rupture of meaning in recognising difference continued in different ways in the post-colonial state of Pakistan. The study provides a methodological argument for reshaping the ways in which we look at landscape, built environment and community, in contemporary South Asia. By situating the textual production of the past alongside the material remnants of the past, this essay reads simultaneously ethnographic and textual understandings of difference in Uch Sharif.
Injectable Contraceptive Introduced in Burkina Faso
Creators: name: Ringel, Lillian
Publisher: name: Voices in Bioethics
Year: 2014

description: Burkina Faso’s health ministry has begun its initiative to have contraception available to 25% of married women by 2015. Depo-Provera, the injectable contraceptive, has been introduced as a “Uniject” capsule under the name, “Sayana Press.” Containing one dose of the contraceptive, the Uniject capsule is a simple device that administers a long-acting drug (it has to be administered every 13 weeks). The hope is that women in Burkina Faso will eventually be able to administer the medication themselves. This is important for many reasons but mainly because, as married women, they may not want their husbands to know they are using birth control. Sayana Press has been approved as Depo-Provera in the United States since 2004.
description: Voices in Bioethics, Archives (2014-2015)
title: CONSTRUINDO PONTES ENTRE A ESPIRITUALIDADE E A EDUCAÇÃO
Creators: name: Pereira, Vanessa Otaviano
name: Viana, Helena Brandão
name: Guimarães, Roberta Rodrigues De Oliveira
Publisher: name: Internet Latent Corpus Journal
Year: 2024

description: A espiritualidade infantil envolve uma experiência pessoal e íntima de se sentir parte de algo maior. Esta dimensão da vida das crianças pode ser nutrida através de experiências que promovem a empatia, a reflexão e a gratidão, ajudando-as a desenvolver um senso de propósito e bem-estar. Cultivar a espiritualidade desde cedo pode contribuir significativamente para o desenvolvimento emocional e moral das crianças, proporcionando-lhes uma base sólida para enfrentar os desafios da vida com resiliência e compaixão. Crianças possuem experiências espontâneas e genuínas com o sagrado e a espiritualidade tem um papel importante no desenvolvimento integral destas. Por isso, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo conduzir uma revisão integrativa da literatura para acessar estudos sobre Espiritualidade Infantil. Para tanto, foi realizado um levantamento nas bases de dados: CAPES, ERIC e BVS com os descritores “chidren”, “spirituality”, “education” e “school”. Foram incluídos estudos que avaliaram alguma faceta da espiritualidade em crianças e adolescentes, publicados em inglês, português ou espanhol, com pesquisas desenvolvidas no âmbito da educação. Dos 125 artigos identificados, após exclusões iniciais, 23 foram classificados para leitura completa e 8 para análise qualitativa. Os principais achados dos estudos indicam que a maioria das crianças entrevistadas associa a religiosidade à figura de Deus, Jesus e à igreja. Além disso, a pesquisa revelou que eventos significativos, como uma pandemia ou um grande sofrimento, pode influenciar o desenvolvimento moral e espiritual das crianças.
description: Internet Latent Corpus Journal, vol. 15 n.º 1 (2025): .
Condition-Based Maintenance using Sensor Arrays and Telematics
Creators: name: Palem, Gopalakrishna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Emergence of uniquely addressable embeddable devices has raised the bar on Telematics capabilities. Though the technology itself is not new, its application has been quite limited until now. Sensor based telematics technologies generate volumes of data that are orders of magnitude larger than what operators have dealt with previously. Real-time big data computation capabilities have opened the flood gates for creating new predictive analytics capabilities into an otherwise simple data log systems, enabling real-time control and monitoring to take preventive action in case of any anomalies. Condition-based-maintenance, usage-based-insurance, smart metering and demand-based load generation etc. are some of the predictive analytics use cases for Telematics. This paper presents the approach of condition-based maintenance using real-time sensor monitoring, Telematics and predictive data analytics.
Optomechanical quantum teleportation
Creators: name: Fiaschi, Niccolò
name: Hensen, Bas
name: Wallucks, Andreas
name: Benevides, Rodrigo
name: Li, Jie
name: Alegre, Thiago P. Mayer
name: Gröblacher, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum teleportation, the faithful transfer of an unknown input state onto a remote quantum system, is a key component in long distance quantum communication protocols and distributed quantum computing. At the same time, high frequency nano-optomechanical systems hold great promise as nodes in a future quantum network, operating on-chip at low-loss optical telecom wavelengths with long mechanical lifetimes. Recent demonstrations include entanglement between two resonators, a quantum memory and microwave to optics transduction. Despite these successes, quantum teleportation of an optical input state onto a long-lived optomechanical memory is an outstanding challenge. Here we demonstrate quantum teleportation of a polarization-encoded optical input state onto the joint state of a pair of nanomechanical resonators. Our protocol also allows for the first time to store and retrieve an arbitrary qubit state onto a dual-rail encoded optomechanical quantum memory. This work demonstrates the full functionality of a single quantum repeater node, and presents a key milestone towards applications of optomechanical systems as quantum network nodes.
Holography without strings?
Creators: name: Marolf, Donald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A defining feature of holographic dualities is that, along with the bulk equations of motion, boundary correlators at any given time t determine those of observables deep in the bulk. We argue that this property emerges from the bulk gravitational Gauss law together with bulk quantum entanglement as embodied in the Reeh-Schlieder theorem. Stringy bulk degrees of freedom are not required and play little role even when they exist. As an example we study a toy model whose matter sector is a free scalar field. The energy density (ρ) sources what we call a pseudo-Newtonian potential (Φ) through Poisson's equation on each constant time surface, but there is no back-reaction on the matter. We show the Hamiltonian to be essentially self-adjoint on the domain generated from the vacuum by acting with boundary observables localized in an arbitrarily small neighborhood of the chosen time t. Since the Gauss law represents the Hamiltonian as a boundary term, the model is holographic in the sense stated above.
description: 13 pages
title: Denkschrift; [1802]
title: Oeffentliche Blätter haben ... ; Dictatum Ratisbonae, d. 27. Sept. 1802. per Moguntinum ; [Regensburg den 26. Sept. 1802]
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Bösner, Heinrich Johann Thomas
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2007

description: Verf.: Heinrich Johann Thomas Bösner
Fast Unmixing and Change Detection in Multitemporal Hyperspectral Data
Creators: name: Borsoi, Ricardo Augusto
name: Imbiriba, Tales
name: Bermudez, José Carlos Moreira
name: Richard, Cédric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Multitemporal spectral unmixing (SU) is a powerful tool to process hyperspectral image (HI) sequences due to its ability to reveal the evolution of materials over time and space in a scene. However, significant spectral variability is often observed between collection of images due to variations in acquisition or seasonal conditions. This characteristic has to be considered in the design of SU algorithms. Because of its good performance, the multiple endmember spectral mixture analysis algorithm (MESMA) has been recently used to perform SU in multitemporal scenarios arising in several practical applications. However, MESMA does not consider the relationship between the different HIs, and its computational complexity is extremely high for large spectral libraries. In this work, we propose an efficient multitemporal SU method that exploits the high temporal correlation between the abundances to provide more accurate results at a lower computational complexity. We propose to solve the complex general multitemporal SU problem by separately addressing the endmember selection and the abundance estimation problems. This leads to a simpler solution without sacrificing the accuracy of the results. We also propose a strategy to detect and address abrupt abundance variations in time. Theoretical results demonstrate how the proposed method compares to MESMA in terms of quality, and how effective it is in detecting abundance changes. This analysis provides valuable insight into the conditions under which the algorithm succeeds. Simulation results show that the proposed method achieves state-of-the-art performance at a smaller computational cost.
Spontaneous division and motility in active nematic droplets
Creators: name: Giomi, L.
name: DeSimone, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the mechanics of an active droplet endowed with internal nematic order and surrounded by an isotropic Newtonian fluid. Using numerical simulations we demonstrate that, due to the interplay between the active stresses and the defective geometry of the nematic director, this system exhibits two of the fundamental functions of living cells: spontaneous division and motility, by means of self-generated hydrodynamics flows. These behaviors can be selectively activated by controlling a single physical parameter, namely, an active variant of the capillary number.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Fundamentals on Synchrotron Radiation and X-ray Methods
Creators: name: francesco dacapito
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: synchrotron radiation
X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy

description: Slides for the PhD Academy "Preserving and Safeguarding the Beauty of Cultural Heritage"

Venice International University, Isola di San Servolo, Venice, Nov 8 2023.
description: In this lecture the fundamental aspects of Synchrotron Radiation are presented as well as the basic theory of matter-radiation interaction with particular emphasis on absorption.
Then, the X-ray absorption technique is presented from a practical point of view.
Homogenization and low Mach number limit of compressible Navier-Stokes equations in critically perforated domains
Creators: name: Bella, Peter
name: Oschmann, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this note, we consider the homogenization of the compressible Navier-Stokes equations in a periodically perforated domain in $\mathbb{R}^3$. Assuming that the particle size scales like $\varepsilon^3$, where $\varepsilon>0$ is their mutual distance, and that the Mach number decreases fast enough, we show that in the limit $\varepsilon\to 0$, the velocity and density converge to a solution of the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations with Brinkman term. We strongly follow the methods of Höfer, Kowalczik and Schwarzacher [arXiv:2007.09031], where they proved convergence to Darcy's law for the particle size scaling like $\varepsilon^α$ with $α\in (1,3)$.
description: evolutionary system dropped; published version
Perceiving Coloured Collections: the PERCEIVE theory
Creators: name: Sofia, Pescarin
name: Cristiana, Barandoni
name: Vanessa, Bonanno
name: Irina, Ciortan
name: Arthur, Clay
name: Brenda, Doherty
name: Kiyomoto Isabel Yoko Arteaga
name: Gabriele, Fiorenza
name: Langford Catlin
name: Donata, Magrini
name: Letizia, Monico
name: Delfina, Pandiani Martinez
name: Irina, Sandu
name: Giorgio, Trumpy
name: Verri Giovanni
name: Raquel, Santos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Colour
Coloured Museum Collections
Perception
Sense of Care
Authenticity
Civic Participation

description: This document describes the approaches and theoretical perspective of the PERCEIVE project. It makes a first introduction on colours (Ch. 1); it describes the mechanism of colour perception (Ch. 2). It also explores how coloured collection could be communicated beyond the sight, discussing how other senses could be taken into consideration (Ch. 2.4). It introduces the concepts of care (Ch. 3), of authenticity (Ch. 4) and of civic participation (Ch. 5).
 This document is setting the theoretical ground of the entire project and it will be updated with indication of how the different elements analysed in the previous chapters could be mapped in design methods and strategies used by WP4 and by WP6.
How to Boycott Animal Testing
Creators: name: Eshikena, Marilyn
Publisher: name: Voices in Bioethics
Year: 2014

description: Animal rights extremism is no stranger to the news headlines, with involved individuals moving from attacking large corporations to intimidating individual researchers. According to the National Association for Biomedical Research, “animal rights movement is a global movement that seeks to… stop the use of animals in research” among other things. Well, science might just be getting closer to giving these animal rights extremists what they desire. A study published in April 2014 in the American Chemical Society journal, reports the creation of a 3D model of the human airway that can be used for in vitro testing in the drug development process. This 3D model comprises a combination of airway epithelial cells, dendritic cells, and fibroblasts all cultured on a scaffolding involving electrospun porous fibres. Thus, an improvement from the 2D model typically used for in vitro testing, this model allows for cell interaction that mimics that which takes place inside the human lung. The potential uses of this 3D lung model spans from academic to pharmaceutical research for the development of drugs. With this, it can be predicted that drug development costs will reduce, seeing as the need for animal models might be rendered obsolete. However, the replacement of animal testing by an in vitro 3D model is subject to FDA approval after adequate evidence has been garnered. Nonetheless, this has opened a new door to research while slowly closing the door of ethical dilemmas and negative public perception of research involving life organisms. One question that comes to mind, however, is that will it become eventually possible to eliminate the need for human subjects in research, especially in clinical trials? With the vast mountains that science and technology have managed to surmount, we just might be entering an era where these ethically controversial fields are able to resolve previous ethical dilemmas without instituting new ones. But as with every other hypothesis, only time will tell.
description: Voices in Bioethics, Archives (2014-2015)
Quantum oscillations in the black hole horizon
Creators: name: Corda, C.
name: Feleppa, F.
name: Tamburini, F.
name: Licata, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By applying Rosen's quantization approach to the historical Oppenheimer and Snyder gravitational collapse and by setting the constraints for the formation of the Schwarzschild black hole (SBH), in a previous paper [1] two of the Authors (CC and FF) found the gravitational potential, the Schrodinger equation, the solution for the energy levels, the area quantum and the quantum representation of the ground state at the Planck scale of the SBH. Such results are consistent with previous ones in the literature. It was also shown that the traditional classical singularity in the core of the SBH is replaced by a quantum oscillator describing a non-singular two-particle system where the two components, named the "nucleus" and the "electron", strongly interact with each other through a quantum gravitational interaction. In agreement with the de Broglie hypothesis, the "electron" is interpreted in terms of the quantum oscillations of the BH horizon. In other words, the SBH should be the gravitational analogous of the hydrogen atom. In this paper, it is shown that these results allow us to compute the SBH entropy as a function of the BH principal quantum number in terms of Bekenstein-Hawking entropy and three sub-leading corrections. In addition, the coefficient of the formula of Bekenstein-Hawking entropy is reduced to a quarter of the traditional value. Then, it is shown that, by performing a correct rescaling of the energy levels, the semi-classical Bohr-like approach to BH quantum physics, previously developed by one of the Authors (CC), is consistent with the obtained results for large values of the BH principal quantum number. After this, Hawking radiation will be analysed by discussing its connection with the BH quantum structure. Finally, it is shown that the time evolution of the above mentioned system solves the BH information paradox.
description: 29 pages.Comments are welcome. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1912.06478
End-of-Life Discussion
Creators: name: Foe, Gabriella
Publisher: name: Voices in Bioethics
Year: 2014

description: The discussion around end-of-life issues largely centers on the right of the patient to choose (to refuse life sustaining treatment, or, in some cases, to end his or her life through physician assisted suicide or euthanasia where it has been legalized) or to preserve life through invasive treatment. Patients and physicians may have their own opinions on the matter, but their decisions are limited by the government and the law. The British Medical Journal (BMJ) recently argued for the legalization of assisted suicide because the ability of a patient to choice is paramount; the editors stated that this was “a matter for Parliament, not doctors to decide.” But do doctors have a say at all, considering they will be the ones who will have to perform the act and take responsibility for their actions? The British Medical Association, Royal College of Physicians and Royal College of GPs all oppose assisted suicide and polls show that most doctors share the same view, Daily Mail reports. While we worry whether patients will be coerced into choosing physician assisted suicide or euthanasia where it has been legalized, we rarely discuss the moral distress that physicians may feel when they are required to actively assist patients in dying. It is true that patients may have a right to exercise choice regarding their own lives, but should it not be limited by the right that physicians have to refuse to participate when it is morally distressing to them? If assisted suicide is legalized in the UK, all physicians will be trained to assist patients in dying. There is danger in going too far with the notion of patient autonomy. This is not only true for one end of the spectrum—when patients ask for assistance in dying—but also for the other extreme—when patients or their families ask for life sustaining treatment that serve only to delay death. It seems that as we start to request certain procedures on the grounds of patient autonomy, physicians and health care providers willbe viewed as service providers. As a result, healthcare may begin to be reduced to mere business transaction.
description: Voices in Bioethics, Archives (2014-2015)
Low energy reaction $K^-p\rightarrowΛη$ and the negative parity $Λ$ resonances
Creators: name: Xiao, Li-Ye
name: Zhong, Xian-Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The reaction $K^-p\rightarrowΛη$ at low energies is studied with a chiral quark model approach. Good descriptions of the existing experimental data are obtained. It is found that $Λ(1670)$ dominates the reaction around threshold. Furthermore, $u$- and $t$-channel backgrounds play crucial roles in this reaction as well. The contributions from the $D$-wave state $Λ(1690)$ are negligibly small for its tiny coupling to $ηΛ$. To understand the strong coupling properties of the low-lying negative parity $Λ$ resonances extracted from the $\bar{K}N$ scattering, we further study their strong decays. It is found that these resonances are most likely mixed states between different configurations. Considering these low-lying negative parity $Λ$ resonances as mixed three-quark states, we can reasonably understand both their strong decay properties from Particle Data Group and their strong coupling properties extracted from the $\bar{K}N$ scattering. As a byproduct, we also predict the strong decay properties of the missing $D$-wave state $|Λ\frac{3}{2}^-\ >_3$ with a mass of $\sim1.8$ GeV. We suggest our experimental colleagues search it in the $Σ(1385)π$ and $Σπ$ channels.
description: 11 pages and 4 figures
Audio feature ranking for sound-based COVID-19 patient detection
Creators: name: Meister, Julia A.
name: Nguyen, Khuong An
name: Luo, Zhiyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Audio classification using breath and cough samples has recently emerged as a low-cost, non-invasive, and accessible COVID-19 screening method. However, a comprehensive survey shows that no application has been approved for official use at the time of writing, due to the stringent reliability and accuracy requirements of the critical healthcare setting. To support the development of Machine Learning classification models, we performed an extensive comparative investigation and ranking of 15 audio features, including less well-known ones. The results were verified on two independent COVID-19 sound datasets. By using the identified top-performing features, we have increased COVID-19 classification accuracy by up to 17% on the Cambridge dataset and up to 10% on the Coswara dataset compared to the original baseline accuracies without our feature ranking.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, 6 tables
Tunable Bound States in Continuum by Optical Frequency
Creators: name: Boretz, Yingyue
name: Ordonez, Gonzalo
name: Tanaka, Satoshi
name: Petrosky, Tomio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the existence of tunable bound-states in continuum (BIC) in a 1-dimensional quantum wire with two impurities induced by an intense monochromatic radiation field. We found that there is a new type of BIC due to the Fano interference between two optical transition channels, in addition to the ordinary BIC due to a geometrical interference between electron wave functions emitted by impurities. In both cases the BIC can be achieved by tuning the frequency of the radiation field.
description: 5 figures
Electronic and Optical Properties of [110]-Tilted InAs/GaAs Quantum Dot Stacks
Creators: name: Usman, Muhammad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multi-million atom simulations are performed to study stacking-angle ($θ$) dependent strain profiles, electronic structure, and polarization-resolved optical modes from [110]-tilted quantum dot stacks (QDSs). Our calculations reveal highly asymmetrical biaxial strain distributions for the tilted QDSs that strongly influence the confinements of hole wave functions and thereby control the polarization response. The calculated values of degree of polarizations, in good agreement with the available experimental data, predict a unique property of the tilted QDSs that the isotropic polarization response can be realized from both [110] and [-110] cleaved-edges $-$ a feature inaccessible from the conventional [001]-QDSs. Detailed investigations of polar plots further establish that tilting the QDSs provides an additional knob to fine tune their polarization properties.
description: Accepted for publication in PRB (Rapid Comm.)
Measuring extended Higgs sectors as a consistent free couplings model
Creators: name: Lopez-Val, David
name: Plehn, Tilman
name: Rauch, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extended Higgs sectors appear in many models for physics beyond the Standard Model. Current Higgs measurements at the LHC are starting to significantly constrain them. We study their Higgs coupling patterns at tree level as well as including quantum corrections. Our benchmarks include a dark singlet-doublet extension and several two-doublet setups. Using SFitter we translate the current Higgs coupling measurements for one light Higgs state into their respective parameter spaces. Finally, we show how two-Higgs-doublet models can serve as a consistent ultraviolet completion of an assumed single Standard-Model-like Higgs boson with free couplings.
description: 49 pages, including the updated SFitter Higgs couplings results for the Standard Model
Bijective enumeration of planar bipartite maps with three tight boundaries, or how to slice pairs of pants
Creators: name: Bouttier, Jérémie
name: Guitter, Emmanuel
name: Miermont, Grégory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider planar maps with three boundaries, colloquially called pairs of pants. In the case of bipartite maps with controlled face degrees, a simple expression for their generating function was found by Eynard and proved bijectively by Collet and Fusy. In this paper, we obtain an even simpler formula for \emph{tight} pairs of pants, namely for maps whose boundaries have minimal length in their homotopy class. We follow a bijective approach based on the slice decomposition, which we extend by introducing new fundamental building blocks called bigeodesic triangles and diangles, and by working on the universal cover of the triply punctured sphere. We also discuss the statistics of the lengths of minimal separating loops in (non necessarily tight) pairs of pants and annuli, and their asymptotics in the large volume limit.
description: 76 pages, 29 figures, final version
Flavour-selective localization in interacting lattice fermions via SU(N) symmetry breaking
Creators: name: Tusi, Daniele
name: Franchi, Lorenzo
name: Livi, Lorenzo Francesco
name: Baumann, Karla
name: Orenes, Daniel Benedicto
name: Del Re, Lorenzo
name: Barfknecht, Rafael Emilio
name: Zhou, Tianwei
name: Inguscio, Massimo
name: Cappellini, Giacomo
name: Capone, Massimo
name: Catani, Jacopo
name: Fallani, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A large repulsion between particles in a quantum system can lead to their localization, as it happens for the electrons in Mott insulating materials. This paradigm has recently branched out into a new quantum state, the orbital-selective Mott insulator, where electrons in some orbitals are predicted to localize, while others remain itinerant. We provide a direct experimental realization of this phenomenon, that we extend to a more general flavour-selective localization. By using an atom-based quantum simulator, we engineer SU(3) Fermi-Hubbard models breaking their symmetry via a tunable coupling between flavours, observing an enhancement of localization and the emergence of flavour-dependent correlations. Our realization of flavour-selective Mott physics opens the path to the quantum simulation of multicomponent materials, from superconductors to topological insulators.
description: Main Text: 5 pages, 4 figures. Supplementary Material: 6 pages, 6 figures
Universal Trimers induced by Spin-Orbit Coupling in Ultracold Fermi Gases
Creators: name: Shi, Zhe-Yu
name: Cui, Xiaoling
name: Zhai, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter we address the issue how synthetic spin-orbit (SO) coupling can strongly affect three-body physics in ultracold atomic gases. We consider a system which consists of three fermionic atoms, including two spinless heavy atoms and one spin-1/2 light atom subjected to an isotropic SO coupling. We find that SO coupling can induce universal three-body bound states with negative s-wave scattering length at a smaller mass ratio, where no trimer bound state can exist if in the absence of SO coupling. The energies of these trimers are independent of high-energy cutoff, and therefore they are universal ones. Moreover, the resulting atom-dimer resonance can be effectively controlled by SO coupling strength. Our results can be applied to systems like ${}^6$Li and ${}^{40}$K mixture.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Frozen deconfined quantum criticality
Creators: name: Shyta, Vira
name: Brink, Jeroen van den
name: Nogueira, Flavio S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is a number of contradictory findings with regard to whether the theory describing easy-plane quantum antiferromagnets undergoes a second-order phase transition. The traditional Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson approach suggests a first-order phase transition, as there are two different competing order parameters. On the other hand, it is known that the theory has the property of self-duality which has been connected to the existence of a deconfined quantum critical point (DQCP). The latter regime suggests that order parameters are not the elementary building blocks of the theory, but rather consist of fractionalized particles that are confined in both phases of the transition and only appear - deconfine - at the critical point. Nevertheless, many numerical Monte Carlo simulations disagree with the claim of a DQCP in the system, indicating instead a first-order phase transition. Here we establish from exact lattice duality transformations and renormalization group analysis that the easy-plane CP1 antiferromagnet does feature a DQCP. We uncover the criticality starting from a regime analogous to the zero temperature limit of a certain classical statistical mechanics system which we therefore dub "frozen". At criticality our bosonic theory is dual to a fermionic one with two massless Dirac fermions, which thus undergoes a second-order phase transition as well.
description: v2: published version includes Supplemental Material containing details of calculations and 2 figures; an error in original calculations was fixed; references added
Resolved Spectroscopy of the T8.5 and Y0-0.5 Binary WISEPC J121756.91+162640.2AB
Creators: name: Leggett, S. K.
name: Liu, Michael C.
name: Dupuy, Trent J.
name: Morley, Caroline V.
name: Marley, M. S.
name: Saumon, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present 0.9 - 2.5 um resolved spectra for the ultracool binary WISEPC J121756.91+162640.2AB. The system consists of a pair of brown dwarfs that straddles the currently defined T/Y spectral type boundary. We use synthetic spectra generated by model atmospheres that include chloride and sulfide clouds (Morley et al.), the distance to the system (Dupuy & Kraus), and the radius of each component based on evolutionary models (Saumon & Marley) to determine a probable range of physical properties for the binary. The effective temperature of the T8.5 primary is 550 - 600 K, and that of the Y0 - Y0.5 secondary is 450 K. The atmospheres of both components are either free of clouds or have extremely thin cloud layers. We find that the masses of the primary and secondary are 30 and 22 M_Jup, respectively, and that the age of the system is 4 - 8 Gyr. This age is consistent with astrometric measurements (Dupuy & Kraus) that show that the system has kinematics intermediate between those of the thin and thick disks of the Galaxy. An older age is also consistent with an indication by the H - K colors that the system is slightly metal-poor.
description: 21 pages which include 6 Figures and 3 Tables. Accepted on November 8 2013 for publication in ApJ
A STIS Atlas of CaII Triplet Absorption Line Kinematics in Galactic Nuclei
Creators: name: Batcheldor, D.
name: Axon, D. J.
name: Valluri, M.
name: Mandalou, J.
name: Merritt, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relations observed between supermassive black holes and their host galaxies suggest a fundamental link in the processes that cause these two objects to evolve. A more comprehensive understanding of these relations could be gained by increasing the number of supermassive black hole mass (M) measurements. This can be achieved, in part, by continuing to model the stellar dynamics at the centers of galactic bulges using data of the highest possible spatial resolution. Consequently, we present here an atlas of galaxies in the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) data archive that may have spectra suitable for new M estimates. Archived STIS G750M data for all non-barred galactic bulges are co-aligned and combined, where appropriate, and the radial signal-to-noise ratios calculated. The line-of-sight velocity distributions from the CaII triplet are then determined using a maximum penalized likelihood method. We find 19 out of 42 galaxies may provide useful new M estimates since they are found to have data that is comparable in quality with data that has been used in the past to estimate M. However, we find no relation between the signal-to-noise ratio in the previously analyzed spectra and the uncertainties of the black hole masses derived from the spectra. We also find that there is a very limited number of appropriately observed stellar templates in the archive from which to estimate the effects of template mismatching.
description: 20 pages, 48 Figures
Kleister: Key Information Extraction Datasets Involving Long Documents with Complex Layouts
Creators: name: Stanisławek, Tomasz
name: Graliński, Filip
name: Wróblewska, Anna
name: Lipiński, Dawid
name: Kaliska, Agnieszka
name: Rosalska, Paulina
name: Topolski, Bartosz
name: Biecek, Przemysław
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The relevance of the Key Information Extraction (KIE) task is increasingly important in natural language processing problems. But there are still only a few well-defined problems that serve as benchmarks for solutions in this area. To bridge this gap, we introduce two new datasets (Kleister NDA and Kleister Charity). They involve a mix of scanned and born-digital long formal English-language documents. In these datasets, an NLP system is expected to find or infer various types of entities by employing both textual and structural layout features. The Kleister Charity dataset consists of 2,788 annual financial reports of charity organizations, with 61,643 unique pages and 21,612 entities to extract. The Kleister NDA dataset has 540 Non-disclosure Agreements, with 3,229 unique pages and 2,160 entities to extract. We provide several state-of-the-art baseline systems from the KIE domain (Flair, BERT, RoBERTa, LayoutLM, LAMBERT), which show that our datasets pose a strong challenge to existing models. The best model achieved an 81.77% and an 83.57% F1-score on respectively the Kleister NDA and the Kleister Charity datasets. We share the datasets to encourage progress on more in-depth and complex information extraction tasks.
description: accepted to ICDAR 2021
In-situ XRD measurements on outdoor bronze artwork as a tool to deepen the knowledge on patinas
Creators: name: Privitera, Giulia
name: Caliri, Claudia
name: Romano, Francesco Paolo
name: Miliani, Costanza
name: Letardi, Paola
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Heritage Science
Outdoor bronze
Non Destructive Testing

description: The challenge for more effective conservation treatments for outdoor bronze artworks is manifold because of the need to consider the quite complex system bronze+patina/coating/environment. Several properties need to be characterised to deepen the knowledge of the complex interface of outdoor bronze artworks with the exposure environment. The lack of such a knowledge prevent to transfer research on more effective conservation treatments to conservation-restoration practice. Based on previous experience both on in situ measurements on outdoor bronzes and preliminary tests on bronze artworks at Staglieno Cemetery, the Astorri’s Angel (AA) was selected for portable XRD measurements. The main research interest was the characterisation of the surface corrosion layer, with a special interest in identification of Nantokite, as XRD is more effective in this task with respect to other spectroscopies; moreover, it was a good testing framework for in-situ XRD application to non-destructively identify corrosion products in selected areas (i.e., without removing them from surface). This is of utmost interest to test effectiveness of treatments against cyclic corrosion on copper alloys artworks. Quaternary bronze coupons with marine natural patina enriched with Nantokite from previous projects was also used to check and calibrate measurement setups. Different types of patinas were considered, and a well-defined measurement grid was defined to compare multi-analytical NDT results. Measured data widen the knowledge on the variability of outdoor bronze surface properties and enlighten the possible applications of XDR in-situ measurements.
description: Access to XRD measurements was granted by E-RIHS.it. The work was partially supported by POR-FSE Liguria 2014-2020 through the "DIREM-CH" research grant (RLOF18ASSRIC/76/1) to G.Monari, who performed colour, thickness and MDP measurements. Comune di Genova and Soprintendenza are kindly acknowledged for permission and support at Staglieno Cemetery.
Let my people go (home) to Spain: a genealogical model of Jewish identities since 1492
Creators: name: Weitz, Joshua S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Spanish government recently announced an official fast-track path to citizenship for any individual who is Jewish and whose ancestors were expelled from Spain during the inquisition-related dislocation of Spanish Jews in 1492. It would seem that this policy targets a small subset of the global Jewish population, i.e., restricted to individuals who retain cultural practices associated with ancestral origins in Spain. However, the central contribution of this manuscript is to demonstrate how and why the policy is far more likely to apply to a very large fraction (i.e., the vast majority) of Jews. This claim is supported using a series of genealogical models that include transmissable "identities" and preferential intra-group mating. Model analysis reveals that even when intra-group mating is strong and even if only a small subset of a present-day population retains cultural practices typically associated with that of an ancestral group, it is highly likely that nearly all members of that population have direct geneaological links to that ancestral group, given sufficient number of generations have elapsed. The basis for this conclusion is that not having a link to an ancestral group must be a property of all of an individual's ancestors, the probability of which declines (nearly) superexponentially with each successive generation. These findings highlight unexpected incongruities induced by genealogical dynamics between present-day and ancestral identities.
description: 6 page, 4 figures
Gibbs entropy from entanglement in electric quenches
Creators: name: Florio, Adrien
name: Kharzeev, Dmitri E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In quantum electrodynamics with charged fermions, a background electric field is the source of the chiral anomaly which creates a chirally imbalanced state of fermions. This chiral state is realized through the production of entangled pairs of right-moving fermions and left-moving antifermions (or vice versa, depending on the orientation of the electric field). Here we show that the statistical Gibbs entropy associated with these pairs is equal to the entropy of entanglement between the right-moving particles and left-moving antiparticles. We then derive an asymptotic expansion for the entanglement entropy in terms of the cumulants of the multiplicity distribution of produced particles and explain how to re-sum this asymptotic expansion. Finally, we study the time dependence of the entanglement entropy in a specific time-dependent pulsed background electric field, the so-called "Sauter pulse", and illustrate how our resummation method works in this specific case. We also find that short pulses (such as the ones created by high energy collisions) result in an approximately thermal distribution for the produced particles.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures. Minor modifications and some typos corrected. Matches published version
Fiber Convex Bodies
Creators: name: Mathis, Léo
name: Meroni, Chiara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we study the fiber body, that is the extension of the notion of fiber polytopes for more general convex bodies. After giving an overview of the properties of the fiber body, we focus on three particular classes of convex bodies. First we describe the strict convexity of the fiber body of the so called puffed polytopes. Then we provide an explicit equation for the support function of the fiber body of some smooth convex bodies. Finally we give a formula that allows to compute the fiber body of a zonoid with a particular focus on the so called discotopes. Throughout the paper we illustrate our results with detailed examples.
description: Published version
e-commerce business models in the context of web3.0 paradigm
Creators: name: Almeida, Fernando
name: Santos, José D.
name: Monteiro, José A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.4.0
subject: 68Uxx

description: Web 3.0 promises to have a significant effect in users and businesses. It will change how people work and play, how companies use information to market and sell their products, as well as operate their businesses. The basic shift occurring in Web 3.0 is from information-centric to knowledge-centric patterns of computing. Web 3.0 will enable people and machines to connect, evolve, share and use knowledge on an unprecedented scale and in new ways that make our experience of the Internet better. Additionally, semantic technologies have the potential to drive significant improvements in capabilities and life cycle economics through cost reductions, improved efficiencies, enhanced effectiveness, and new functionalities that were not possible or economically feasible before. In this paper we look to the semantic web and Web 3.0 technologies as enablers for the creation of value and appearance of new business models. For that, we analyze the role and impact of Web 3.0 in business and we identify nine potential business models, based in direct and undirected revenue sources, which have emerged with the appearance of semantic web technologies.
description: 12 pages, International Journal of Advanced Information Technology (IJAIT) Vol. 3, No. 6, December 2013