cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Fifteen years of XMM-Newton and Chandra monitoring of Sgr A*: Evidence for a recent increase in the bright flaring rate
Creators: name: Ponti, G.
name: De Marco, B.
name: Morris, M. R.
name: Merloni, A.
name: Munoz-Darias, T.
name: Clavel, M.
name: Haggard, D.
name: Zhang, S.
name: Nandra, K.
name: Gillessen, S.
name: Mori, K.
name: Neilsen, J.
name: Rea, N.
name: Degenaar, N.
name: Terrier, R.
name: Goldwurm, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the X-ray flaring activity of Sgr A* during all the 150 XMM-Newton and Chandra observations pointed at the Milky Way center over the last 15 years. This includes the latest XMM-Newton and Chandra campaigns devoted to monitoring the closest approach of the very red Br-Gamma emitting object called G2. The entire dataset analysed extends from September 1999 through November 2014. We employed a Bayesian block analysis to investigate any possible variations in the characteristics (frequency, energetics, peak intensity, duration) of the flaring events that Sgr A* has exhibited since their discovery in 2001. We observe that the total bright-or-very bright flare luminosity of Sgr A* increased between 2013-2014 by a factor of 2-3 (~3.5 sigma significance). We also observe an increase (~99.9% significance) from 0.27+-0.04 to 2.5+-1.0 day^-1 of the bright-or-very bright flaring rate of Sgr A*, starting in late summer 2014, which happens to be about six months after G2's peri-center passage. This might indicate that clustering is a general property of bright flares and that it is associated with a stationary noise process producing flares not uniformly distributed in time (similar to what is observed in other quiescent black holes). If so, the variation in flaring properties would be revealed only now because of the increased monitoring frequency. Alternatively, this may be the first sign of an excess accretion activity induced by the close passage of G2. More observations are necessary to distinguish between these two hypotheses.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: Entre Familia II: Patient Transfer Protocol
Creators: name: Institute, Latino Research
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: protocol
subject: patient transfer

description: Entre Familia II, Evidence-based service project aiming to increase HPV adolescent and young adult vaccination in Hidalgo County: Patient Transfer Protocol
description: This record includes, in Spanish and English, a protocol used to provide promotoras and program coordinators a guide to the steps that must be completed to transfer an Entre Familia community participant to be navigated by clinic promotoras.
The effect of health literacy on knowledge and receipt of colorectal cancer screening: a survey study
Creators: name: Pignone, Michael
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2007

description: Abstract Background An estimated one-half of Americans have limited health literacy skills. Low literacy has been associated with less receipt of preventive services, but its impact on colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is unclear. We sought to determine whether low literacy affects patients' knowledge or receipt of CRC screening. Methods Pilot survey study of patients aged 50 years and older at a large, university-affiliated internal medicine practice. We assessed patients' knowledge and receipt of CRC screening, basic sociodemographic information, and health literacy level. We defined limited literacy as reading below the ninth grade level as determined by the Rapid Estimate of Adult Literacy in Medicine. Bivariate analyses and exact logistic regression were used to determine the association of limited health literacy with knowledge and receipt of CRC screening. Results We approached 105 patients to yield our target sample of 50 completing the survey (recruitment rate 48%). Most subjects were female (72%), African-American (58%), and had household incomes less than $25,000 (87%). Overall, 48% of patients had limited literacy skills (95% CI 35% to 61%). Limited literacy patients were less likely than adequate literacy patients to be able to name or describe any CRC screening test (50% vs. 96%, p < 0.01). In the multivariable model, limited literacy patients were 44% less likely to be knowledgeable of CRC screening (RR 0.56, p < 0.01). Self-reported screening rates were similar (54% vs. 58%, p = 0.88). Conclusion Patients with limited literacy skills are less likely to be knowledgeable of CRC screening compared to adequate literacy patients. Primary care providers should ensure patients' understanding of CRC screening when discussing screening options. Further research is needed to determine if educating low literacy patients about CRC screening can increase screening rates.
Genomic insights into potential interdependencies in microbial hydrocarbon and nutrient cycling in hydrothermal sediments
Creators: name: Teske, Andreas
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2017

description: Abstract Background Deep-sea hydrothermal vents are hotspots for productivity and biodiversity. Thermal pyrolysis and circulation produce fluids rich in hydrocarbons and reduced compounds that stimulate microbial activity in surrounding sediments. Several studies have characterized the diversity of Guaymas Basin (Gulf of California) sediment-inhabiting microorganisms; however, many of the identified taxa lack cultures or genomic representations. Here, we resolved the metabolic potential and community-level interactions of these diverse communities by reconstructing and analyzing microbial genomes from metagenomic sequencing data. Results We reconstructed 115 microbial metagenome-assembled genomes comprising 27 distinct archaeal and bacterial phyla. The archaea included members of the DPANN and TACK superphyla, Bathyarchaeota, novel Methanosarcinales (GoM-Arc1), and anaerobic methane-oxidizing lineages (ANME-1). Among the bacterial phyla, members of the Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, and Deltaproteobacteria were metabolically versatile and harbored potential pathways for hydrocarbon and lipid degradation and a variety of respiratory processes. Genes encoding enzymes that activate anaerobic hydrocarbons for degradation were detected in Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, Latescibacteria, and KSB1 phyla, while the reconstructed genomes for most candidate bacteria phyla (Aminicenantes, Atribacteria, Omnitrophica, and Stahlbacteria) indicated a fermentative metabolism. Newly obtained GoM-Arc1 archaeal genomes encoded novel pathways for short-chain hydrocarbon oxidation by alkyl-coenzyme M formation. We propose metabolic linkages among different functional groups, such as fermentative community members sharing substrate-level interdependencies with sulfur- and nitrogen-cycling microbes. Conclusions Overall, inferring the physiologies of archaea and bacteria from metagenome-assembled genomes in hydrothermal deep-sea sediments has revealed potential mechanisms of carbon cycling in deep-sea sediments. Our results further suggest a network of biogeochemical interdependencies in organic matter utilization, hydrocarbon degradation, and respiratory sulfur cycling among deep-sea-inhabiting microbial communities.
title: Optimizing the undersampling scheme of 2D Controlled Aliasing in Parallel Imaging Results in a Higher Acceleration (CAIPIRINHA) in Abdominal Imaging using 3D g-factor map: A phantom study
Creators: name: Sagawa, Hajime
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Image verification
subject: Experimental investigations
subject: MR
subject: MR physics
subject: Abdomen

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The two-dimensional (2D) controlled aliasing in parallel imaging results in higher acceleration (CAIPIRINHA) technique is a modification of the parallel imaging undersampling scheme, with which direction and patterns of aliasing artifact can be...
Occupation recorded on certificates of death compared with self-report: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Creators: name: Rosamond, Wayne D.
name: Rose, Kathryn M.
name: Wolf, Susan
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2007

description: Abstract Background Death certificates are a potential source of sociodemographic data for decedents in epidemiologic research. However, because this information is provided by the next-of-kin or other proxies, there are concerns about validity. Our objective was to assess the agreement of job titles and occupational categories derived from death certificates with that self-reported in mid and later life. Methods Occupation was abstracted from 431 death certificates from North Carolina Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study participants who died between 1987 and 2001. Occupations were coded according to 1980 Bureau of Census job titles and then grouped into six 1980 census occupational categories. This information was compared with the self-reported occupation at midlife as reported at the baseline examination (1987–89). We calculated percent agreement using standard methods. Chance-adjusted agreement was assessed by kappa coefficients, with 95% confidence intervals. Results Agreement between death certificate and self-reported job titles was poor (32%), while 67% of occupational categories matched the two sources. Kappa coefficients ranged from 0.53 for technical/sales/administrative jobs to 0.68 for homemakers. Agreement was lower, albeit nonsignificant, for women (kappa = 0.54, 95% Confidence Interval, CI = 0.44–0.63) than men (kappa = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.54–0.69) and for African-Americans (kappa = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.34–0.61) than whites (kappa = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.57–0.69) but varied only slightly by educational attainment. Conclusion While agreement between self- and death certificate reported job titles was poor, agreement between occupational categories was good. This suggests that while death certificates may not be a suitable source of occupational data where classification into specific job titles is essential, in the absence of other data, it is a reasonable source for constructing measures such as occupational SES that are based on grouped occupational data.
title: Entre Familia II: Promotora General Manual
Creators: name: Institute, Latino Research
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: promotora general manual
subject: project timeline
subject: manua of procedures

description: Entre Familia II, Evidence-based service project aiming to increase HPV adolescent and young adult vaccination in Hidalgo County: Promotora General Manual
description: This record encompasses a collection of resources aimed at guiding promotoras through the various aspects of the projects. It includes the CDC factsheets of HPV education, project plans, timelines, and a directory of partner contacts. This manual serves as a foundational resource providing essential background, timelines for project activities for collaboration and coordination.
Cosmic string loop shapes
Creators: name: Blanco-Pillado, Jose J.
name: Olum, Ken D.
name: Shlaer, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the shapes of cosmic string loops found in large-scale simulations of an expanding-universe string network. The simulation does not include gravitational back reaction, but we model that process by smoothing the loop using Lorentzian convolution. We find that loops at formation consist of generally straight segments separated by kinks. We do not see cusps or any cusp-like structure at the scale of the entire loop, although we do see very small regions of string that move with large Lorentz boosts. However, smoothing of the string almost always introduces two cusps on each loop. The smoothing process does not lead to any significant fragmentation of loops that were in non-self-intersecting trajectories before smoothing.
description: 19 pages, 13 figures
Editorial: Mechanisms guarding the genome
Creators: name: BROWN, JAMES
name: Bourke, E.
name: Hancock, W.W.
name: Richard, D.J.M.
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The genomic integrity of our cells is critical to their normal function, and is protected though the activity of many diverse and essential signalling pathways, with dysregulation of these pathways leading to increasing levels of genomic instability (Hanahan and Weinberg, 2011; Kass et al., 2016; Hanahan, 2022). Genomic instability is a recognized hallmark of cancer (Negrini et al., 2010; Hanahan, 2022), and is known to drive tumourigenesis though its impact on mutations, chromatin organisation, and the dysregulation of gene regulation, facilitating tumour development (Aguilera and Gómez-González, 2008; Burrell et al., 2013). Key molecular mechanisms and processes regulating genome stability include the DNA damage response (DDR), epigenetic reprogramming, and organelle abnormalities (e.g. centrosome amplification) (Ciccia and Elledge, 2010; Bettencourt-Dias et al., 2011; Suvà et al., 2013). Improved understanding of these intrinsic cancer-specific mechanisms informs the development, and application of, the next generation targeted therapeutics (J.A.L Brown J. A. L. et al., 2016; Kraus, 2018; Matchett et al., 2017; Prakash et al., 2018).
title: Entre Familia II: Promotora Recruitment Training
Creators: name: Institute, Latino Research
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: promotora training
subject: recruitment strategies
subject: vaccination outreach

description: Entre Familia II, Evidence-based service project aiming to increase HPV adolescent and young adult vaccination in Hidalgo County: Promotora Recruitment Training
description: This record contains detailed training materials for Promotora staff involved in the recruitment of participants for the Entre Familia program. It includes presentations and role-playing scenarios aimed at enhancing Promotora skills in communicating with potential participants. These training sessions cover topics from basic recruitment strategies to handling objections and ensuring ethical engagement with the community.
The Effect of Vitamin A and Deworming on Education
Creators: name: Kosík, Martin
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Health Economics
subject: Growth and Development
subject: Labor Economics
subject: Economics
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: Attached to this project is the document outlining the plan for the analysis of the effects of vitamin A supplementation and deworming on educational outcomes. I will extend extend the work of Awasthi et al. (2013b) and Awasthi et al. (2013a) who conducted a large cluster-randomized trial in India. In contrast to Awasthi et al. (2013b) and Awasthi et al. (2013a) who studied only health outcomes, I plan to use census and administrative data to estimate the impact on literacy, school enrollment, and academic achievement. Furthermore, I am going to explore the potential heterogeneity and spatial spillovers. At the time of writing this document, the data from Awasthi et al. (2013b) and Awasthi et al. (2013a) were not publicly available and I did not have access to them.
title: The effect of percutaneous ultrasound-guided subacromial bursography using microbubbles in assessment of subacromial impingement syndrome: initial experience
Creators: name: Lu, Man
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Soft tissues / Skin
subject: Stomach (incl. Oesophagus)
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Inflammation

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To detect the feasibility and the value of percutaneous US-guided subacromial bursography(PUSB) with Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) forassessment of rotator cuff...
title: Entre Familia II: Presentation Materials
Creators: name: Institute, Latino Research
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: staff training
subject: health education
subject: stakeholders

description: Entre Familia II, Evidence-based service project aiming to increase HPV adolescent and young adult vaccination in Hidalgo County: Presentation Materials
description: This record compromises a series of presentations used for staff training, project stakeholder, and HPV vaccination promotion used in the Entre Familia study.
Neglected Ethical Issues in Biobank Management: Results from a U.S. Study
Creators: name: Cadigan, R Jean
name: Lassiter, Dragana
name: Reavely, Erik
name: Henderson, Gail
name: Haldeman, Kaaren
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2013

description: Abstract The empirical literature on the ethical, legal, and social implications (ELSI) of biobanking has almost entirely relied on the perspectives of those outside of biobanks, such as the general public, researchers, and specimen contributors. Little attention has been paid to the perspectives and practices of those who operate biobanks. We conducted a study of U.S. biobanks consisting of six in-depth case studies and a large online survey (N = 456), which was developed from the case study results. The case studies included qualitative interviews with a total of 24 personnel. Both interview and survey questions focused on how biobanks operate, and what policies and practices govern their relationships with specimen contributors and the researchers who use the specimens. Analysis revealed unexpected ethical dilemmas embedded in those policies and practices that highlight a need for practical planning. In this paper, we review three issues seldom explored in the ELSI literature: 1. the discrepancy between biobankers’ hope that the bank will exist “permanently” and the fact that funding is limited; 2. the lack of planning for what will happen to the specimens if the bank closes; and 3. the concern that once collected, specimens may be underutilized. These dilemmas are missing from current public representations of biobanks, which instead focus on the intrinsic value in storing specimens as essential to the advancement of translational research. We argue that attention to these issues is important for biobanking, and that greater transparency of these policies and practices will contribute to promoting public trust in biobanks.
The Terminal Wiener Index of Trees with Diameter or Maximum Degree
Creators: name: Chen, Ya-Hong
name: Zhang, Xiao-Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C12

description: The terminal Wiener index of a tree is the sum of distances for all pairs of pendent vertices, which recently arises in the study of phylogenetic tree reconstruction and the neighborhood of trees. This paper presents a sharp upper and lower bounds for the terminal Wiener index in terms of its order and diameter and characterizes all extremal trees which attain these bounds. In addition, we investigate the properties of extremal trees which attain the maximum terminal Wiener index among all trees of order $n$ with fixed maximum degree.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure
Effect of extra-framework anion substitution on the properties of a chiral crystalline sponge
Creators: name: Chenghua, Deng
name: Song, Bai-Qiao
name: SENSHARMA, DEBOBROTO
name: Gao, Mei-Yan
name: Bezrukov, Andrey
name: Nikolayenko, Varvara Igorivna
name: Lusi, Matteo
name: Mukherjee, Soumya
name: ZAWOROTKO, MICHAEL
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Chiral metal–organic materials, CMOMs, are of interest as they can offer selective binding sites for chiral guests. Such binding sites can enable CMOMs to serve as chiral crystalline sponges (CCSs) to determine molecular structure and/or purify enantiomers. We recently reported on the chiral recognition properties of a homochiral cationic diamondoid, dia, network {[Ni(S-IDEC)(bipy)(H2O)][NO3]}n (S-IDEC = S-indoline-2-carboxylicate, bipy = 4,4′-bipyridine), CMOM-5[NO3]. The modularity of CMOM-5[NO3] means there are five feasible approaches to fine-tune structures and properties via substitution of one or more of the following components: metal cation (Ni2+); bridging ligand (S-IDEC); linker (bipy); extra-framework anion (NO3–); and terminal ligand (H2O). Herein, we report the effect of anion substitution on the CCS properties of CMOM-5[NO3] by preparing and characterizing {[Ni(S-IDEC)(bipy)(H2O)][BF4]}n, CMOM-5[BF4]. The chiral channels in CMOM-5[BF4] enabled it to function as a CCS for determination of the absolute crystal structures of both enantiomers of three chiral compounds: 1-phenyl-1-butanol (1P1B); methyl mandelate (MM); ethyl mandelate (EM). Chiral resolution experiments revealed CMOM-5[BF4] to be highly selective toward the S-isomers of MM and EM with enantiomeric excess, ee, values of 82.6 and 78.4%, respectively. The ee measured for S-EM surpasses the 64.3% exhibited by [DyNaL(H2O)4] 6H2O and far exceeds that of CMOM-5[NO3] (6.0%). Structural studies of the binding sites in CMOM-5[BF4] provide insight into their high enantioselectivity.
title: The Assessment Of Common Carotıd And Vertebral Arterıes In The Neutral Posıtıon In Patıents Wıth Ankylosıng Spondylıtıs And Comparıson Of Results Wıth Normal Populatıon
Creators: name: Bora, Aydın
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Arterial access
subject: Ultrasound-Spectral Doppler
subject: Ultrasound-Power Doppler
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: Haemodynamics / Flow dynamics

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Normal 0 21 false false false TR X-NONE X-NONE The aim of this study is to compare the carotid and vertebral artery flow volumes of the patients with ankylosing spondilitis with age and sex matched controls utilizing the doppler...
Psychometric properties of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Health-Related Quality of Life (CDC HRQOL) items in adults with arthritis
Creators: name: Mielenz, Thelma
name: DeVellis, Robert F.
name: Callahan, Leigh
name: Jackson, Elizabeth
name: Currey, Shannon
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2006

description: Abstract Background Measuring health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is important in arthritis and the SF-36v2 is the current state-of-the-art. It is only emerging how well the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) HRQOL measures HRQOL for people with arthritis. This study's purpose is to assess the psychometric properties of the 9-item CDC HRQOL (4-item Healthy Days Core Module and 5-item Healthy Days Symptoms Module) in an arthritis sample using the SF-36v2 as a comparison. Methods In Fall 2002, a cross-sectional study acquired survey data including the CDC HRQOL and SF-36v2 from 2 North Carolina populations of adult patients reporting osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and fibromyalgia; 2182 (52%) responded. The first item of both the CDC HRQOL and the SF-36v2 was general health (GEN). All 8 other CDC HRQOL items ask for the number of days in the past 30 days that respondents experienced various aspects of HRQOL. Exploratory principal components analyses (PCA) were conducted on each sample and the combined samples of the CDC HRQOL. The multitrait-multimethod matrix (MTMM) was used to compute correlations between each trait (physical health and mental health) and between each method of measurement (CDC HRQOL and SF36v2). The relative contribution of the CDC HRQOL in predicting the physical component summary (PCS) and the mental component summary (MCS) was determined by regressing the CDC HRQOL items on the PCS and MCS scales. Results All 9 CDC HRQOL items loaded primarily onto 1 factor (explaining 57% of the item variance) representing a reasonable solution for capturing overall HRQOL. After rotation a 2 factor interpretation for the 9 items was clear, with 4 items capturing physical health (physical, activity, pain, and energy days) and 3 items capturing mental health (mental, depression, and anxiety days). All of the loadings for these two factors were greater than 0.70. The CDC HRQOL physical health factor correlated with PCS (r = -.78, p < 0.0001) and the mental health factor correlated with MCS (r = -.71, p < 0.0001). The relative contribution of the CDC HRQOL in predicting PCS was 73% (R2 = .73) when GEN was included in the CDC HRQOL score and 65% (R2 = .65) when GEN was removed. The relative contribution of the CDC HRQOL in predicting MCS was 56% (R2 = .56) when GEN was included and removed. Conclusion The CDC HRQOL appears to have strong psychometric properties in individuals with arthritis in both community-based and subspecialty clinical settings. The 9 item CDC HRQOL is a reasonable measure for overall HRQOL and the two subscales, representing physical and mental health, are reasonable when the goal is to examine those aspects.
title: Development of breast tissue equivalent phantom made from paraffin with some additives and its characterization by using x-ray spectroscopy
Creators: name: Cubukcu, Solen
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Radiation physics
subject: Mammography
subject: Acceptance testing
subject: Physics
subject: Dosimetry
subject: Cancer
subject: Image verification

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The aim of this study is to develop a nearly breast tissue equivalent phantom. Todo this, paraffin was chosen as a base material sinceits chemical (e.g. hydrogen and carbon contents) and physical properties (e.g. easily machinable and cheap) are...
title: Entre Familia II: NCDV Formative Assesment
Creators: name: Institute, Latino Research
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: formative assessment
subject: health care
subject: HPV vaccine practice

description: Entre Familia II, Evidence-based service project aiming to increase HPV adolescent and young adult vaccination in Hidalgo County: NCDV Formative Assessment
description: This record includes a formative assessment to identify factors influencing health care providers’ HPV vaccine practice and coverage in the four NCDV clinics across the Entre Familia study.
title: Intraobserver and Interobserver Agreements for Measurements of Dual-Input Whole Tumor Perfusion CT in Patients with Lung Cancer：Influences of The Bronchus Sign Type Ⅲ or Cavity, and the Size of Tumor
Creators: name: Shan, Fei
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Haemodynamics / Flow dynamics
subject: Observer performance
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: CT
subject: Thorax
subject: Lung
subject: Haematologic

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To assess the Intra- and interobserver agreements for measurements of dual-input whole tumor perfusion CT in patients with lung...
The Enactment Effect: A Meta-Analysis
Creators: name: Roberts, Brady
name: Fernandes, Myra
name: MacLeod, Colin
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cognitive Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: A meta-analysis of the enactment effect literature to-date. The enactment effect is the finding that memory is often improved when an action related to a word is performed during encoding, as opposed to simply reading the word.
Spectral correspondences for locally symmetric spaces - the case of exceptional parameters
Creators: name: Arends, Christian
Publisher: name: Universität Paderborn
Year: 2023

description: Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, die Korrespondenz des Laplace-Spektrums eines kompakten lokal symmetrischen Rang-1-Raumes mit dem ersten Band der Ruelle-Pollicott-Resonanzen des geodätischen Flusses auf dessen Einheitssphärenbündel zu vervollständigen. Die Erforschung dieser Fragestellung wurde von Flaminio und Forni im Kontext hyperbolischer Flächen begonnen und von Dyatlov, Faure und Guillarmou für reell hyperbolische Räume sowie von Guillarmou, Hilgert und Weich für allgemeine Rang-1-Räume fortgeführt. Mit Ausnahme des Falles hyperbolischer Flächen wurde in sämtlichen Arbeiten eine abzählbare Menge von Ausnahmepunkten ausgeschlossen, da die zugehörigen Poisson-Transformationen an diesen Punkten weder injektiv noch surjektiv sind. Wir benutzen vektorwertige Poisson-Transformationen, um auch die Ausnahmepunkte zu behandeln. Insbesondere werden explizite quanten-klassische Korrespondenzen bewiesen und die zugehörigen Darstellungen identifiziert. Während die Ausnahmepunkte im Fall hyperbolischer Flächen auf Darstellungen der diskreten Reihe von SL(2,R) führen, erweisen sich die resultierenden Darstellungen im Allgemeinen als Darstellungen relativer diskreter Reihen assoziierter nicht-Riemann'scher symmetrischer Räume.
description: The aim of this thesis is to complete the program of relating the Laplace spectrum for rank one compact locally symmetric spaces with the first band Ruelle-Pollicott resonances of the geodesic flow on its sphere bundle. This program was started by Flaminio and Forni for hyperbolic surfaces, continued by Dyatlov, Faure and Guillarmou for real hyperbolic spaces and by Guillarmou, Hilgert and Weich for general rank one spaces. Except for the case of hyperbolic surfaces a countable set of exceptional spectral parameters was always left untreated since the corresponding Poisson transforms are neither injective nor surjective. We use vector-valued Poisson transforms in order to treat also the exceptional spectral parameters. In particular, explicit quantum-classical correspondences are proven and the associated representations are identified. Whereas for hyperbolic surfaces the exceptional spectral parameters lead to discrete series representations of SL(2,R), the resulting representations turn out to be relative discrete series representations for associated non-Riemannian symmetric spaces in the general case.
title: Role of cone beam CT (CBCT) in head and neck imaging
Creators: name: Gueldner, Christian
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Ear / Nose / Throat
subject: Radiation physics
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Cone beam CT
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Artifacts

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Cone-beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) is an increasing radiological method in the diagnostic of frontal and lateral skull base. Because of the lower radiation dose in comparison to the CT, a higher spatial resolution and an easier application it...
Cosmological Constraint on the Light Gravitino Mass from CMB Lensing and Cosmic Shear
Creators: name: Osato, Ken
name: Sekiguchi, Toyokazu
name: Shirasaki, Masato
name: Kamada, Ayuki
name: Yoshida, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light gravitinos of mass $\lesssim \mathcal{O} (10)$ eV are of particular interest in cosmology, offering various baryogenesis scenarios without suffering from the cosmological gravitino problem. The gravitino may contribute considerably to the total matter content of the Universe and affect structure formation from early to present epochs. After the gravitinos decouple from other particles in the early Universe, they free-stream and consequently suppress density fluctuations of (sub-)galactic length scales. Observations of structure at the relevant length-scales can be used to infer or constrain the mass and the abundance of light gravitinos. We derive constraints on the light gravitino mass using the data of cosmic microwave background (CMB) lensing from Planck and of cosmic shear from the Canada France Hawaii Lensing Survey, combined with analyses of the primary CMB anisotropies and the signature of baryon acoustic oscillations in galaxy distributions. The obtained constraint on the gravitino mass is $m_{3/2} < 4.7$ eV (95% C.L.), which is substantially tighter than the previous constraint from clustering analysis of Ly-$α$ forests.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures, JCAP in press
HIV and early hospital readmission: evaluation of a tertiary medical facility in Lilongwe, Malawi
Creators: name: Rosenberg, Nora E
name: Hosseinipour, Mina
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2018

description: Abstract Background Delivery of quality healthcare in resource-limited settings is an important, understudied public health priority. Thirty-day (early) hospital readmission is often avoidable and an important indicator of healthcare quality. Methods We investigated the prevalence of all-cause early readmission and its associated factors using age and sex adjusted risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). A retrospective review of the medical ward database at Kamuzu Central Hospital in Lilongwe, Malawi was conducted between February and December 2013. Results There were 3547 patients with an index admission of which 2776 (74.4%) survived and were eligible for readmission. Among these patients: 49.7% were male, mean age was 39.7 years, 36.1% were HIV-positive, 34.6% were HIV-negative, and 29.3% were HIV-unknown. The prevalence of early hospital readmission was 5.5%. Diagnoses associated with 30-day readmission were HIV-positive status (RR = 2.41; 95% CI: 1.64–3.53) and malaria (RR = 0.45; 95% CI: 0.22–0.91). Other factors associated with readmission were multiple diagnoses (excluding HIV) (RR = 1.52; 95% CI: 1.11–2.06), and prolonged length of stay (≥ 16 days) at the index hospitalization (RR = 3.63; 95% CI: 1.72–7.67). Conclusion Targeting HIV-infected inpatients with multiple diagnoses and longer index hospitalizations may prevent early readmission and improve quality of care.
title: Entre Familia II: Clinic Components
Creators: name: Institute, Latino Research
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: clinic-based HPV interventions
subject: provider training protocols

description: Entre Familia II, Evidence-based service project aiming to increase HPV adolescent and young adult vaccination in Hidalgo County: Clinic Components
description: This record encompasses detailed protocols and strategies used in clinic-based interventions to enhance HPV vaccination rates. This includes the Provider Directed Intervention (PDI) and Health Case System-Based Interventions (HCSBI) focusing on provider training, patient education, and systematic reminders.
title: Study of non enhancement dual-source dual-energy CT for visualization of metastatic brain tumor : A phantom study
Creators: name: Hara, Hidetake
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Technical aspects
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: CT
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Emergency
subject: Cancer

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: At present, malignant neoplasms are the most common cause of death, brain tumors account for approximately 10% of malignant neoplasms, and metastatic brain tumors account for as many as 18% of brain tumors in Japan. The most common types of cancer...
Schulbegleitung an allgemeinen Schulen weiterentwickeln. Pool-Modelle an (Montessori-)Regelschulen in Bayern
Creators: name: Dworschak, Wolfgang
name: Lüders, Lisa-Marie
name: Fitzek, Tobias
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 370 Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen

description: Die klassische Schulbegleitung als Einzelfallmaßnahme birgt neben Chancen auch Risiken. Begründet ist dies besonders durch die 1:1-Zuordnung. Seit der Einführung des Bundesteilhabegesetzes sind Pool-Modelle möglich, bei denen die Unterstützung an mehrere Leistungsberechtigte gemeinsam erbracht wird. Dieser Forschungsbericht stellt die Ergebnisse eines Modellprojektes vor, das von 2019-2023 Pool-Modelle der Schulbegleitung an Montessori-Regelschulen erprobt hat. In den Blick genommen werden strukturelle und organisatorische Aspekte sowie die Rückmeldungen der Akteursgruppen als auch pädagogische und inhaltliche Fragen.
The extended scope of midwifery practice: a scoping review protocol
Creators: name: Toll, Kaylie
name: Bradfield, Zoe
name: Sharp, Tarryn
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Nursing Midwifery
subject: Midwifery
subject: Scope of practice
subject: Scoping review

description: This protocol outlines the three-step strategy aiming to synthesise and analyse the literature on the extended scope of midwifery practice internationally, and to outline implementation strategies that have successfully translated this into clinical practice.
Using ESTs for phylogenomics: can one accurately infer a phylogenetic tree from a gappy alignment?
Creators: name: Hartmann, Stefanie
name: Vision, Todd
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2008

description: Abstract Background While full genome sequences are still only available for a handful of taxa, large collections of partial gene sequences are available for many more. The alignment of partial gene sequences results in a multiple sequence alignment containing large gaps that are arranged in a staggered pattern. The consequences of this pattern of missing data on the accuracy of phylogenetic analysis are not well understood. We conducted a simulation study to determine the accuracy of phylogenetic trees obtained from gappy alignments using three commonly used phylogenetic reconstruction methods (Neighbor Joining, Maximum Parsimony, and Maximum Likelihood) and studied ways to improve the accuracy of trees obtained from such datasets. Results We found that the pattern of gappiness in multiple sequence alignments derived from partial gene sequences substantially compromised phylogenetic accuracy even in the absence of alignment error. The decline in accuracy was beyond what would be expected based on the amount of missing data. The decline was particularly dramatic for Neighbor Joining and Maximum Parsimony, where the majority of gappy alignments contained 25% to 40% incorrect quartets. To improve the accuracy of the trees obtained from a gappy multiple sequence alignment, we examined two approaches. In the first approach, alignment masking, potentially problematic columns and input sequences are excluded from from the dataset. Even in the absence of alignment error, masking improved phylogenetic accuracy up to 100-fold. However, masking retained, on average, only 83% of the input sequences. In the second approach, alignment subdivision, the missing data is statistically modelled in order to retain as many sequences as possible in the phylogenetic analysis. Subdivision resulted in more modest improvements to alignment accuracy, but succeeded in including almost all of the input sequences. Conclusion These results demonstrate that partial gene sequences and gappy multiple sequence alignments can pose a major problem for phylogenetic analysis. The concern will be greatest for high-throughput phylogenomic analyses, in which Neighbor Joining is often the preferred method due to its computational efficiency. Both approaches can be used to increase the accuracy of phylogenetic inference from a gappy alignment. The choice between the two approaches will depend upon how robust the application is to the loss of sequences from the input set, with alignment masking generally giving a much greater improvement in accuracy but at the cost of discarding a larger number of the input sequences.
title: Ultrasound of Hand Transplantations Using Standard Clinical Equipment - Technique and Imaging Appearance
Creators: name: Ge, Benjamin
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Extremities
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Vascular
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Technology assessment
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Transplantation
subject: Tissue characterisation

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The purpose of our educational exhibit is to: illustrate the normal ultrasound appearance of native and transplant arteries demonstrate the ability of standard clinical ultrasound equipment to visualize the intima of brachial, radial, ulnar, and...
Discovery of active enhancers through bidirectional expression of short transcripts
Creators: name: Sethupathy, Praveen
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2011

description: Abstract Background Long-range regulatory elements, such as enhancers, exert substantial control over tissue-specific gene expression patterns. Genome-wide discovery of functional enhancers in different cell types is important for our understanding of genome function as well as human disease etiology. Results In this study, we developed an in silico approach to model the previously reported phenomenon of transcriptional pausing, accompanied by divergent transcription, at active promoters. We then used this model for large-scale prediction of non-promoter-associated bidirectional expression of short transcripts. Our predictions were significantly enriched for DNase hypersensitive sites, histone H3 lysine 27 acetylation (H3K27ac), and other chromatin marks associated with active rather than poised or repressed enhancers. We also detected modest bidirectional expression at binding sites of the CCCTC-factor (CTCF) genome-wide, particularly those that overlap H3K27ac. Conclusions Our findings indicate that the signature of bidirectional expression of short transcripts, learned from promoter-proximal transcriptional pausing, can be used to predict active long-range regulatory elements genome-wide, likely due in part to specific association of RNA polymerase with enhancer regions.
Neuromodulated networks for lifelong learning and adaptation
Creators: name: Ben-Iwhiwhu, Eseoghene
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4699
subject: Other information and computing sciences

description: The development of robust and adaptable intelligent system has been a long standing grand challenge. Recently, machine learning methods via neural networks have gained prominence. However, most systems are excellent at solving a single task. The field of lifelong (machine) learning seeks to alleviate this problem by endowing intelligent agents with the ability to learn multiple tasks. Interesting questions arise from the field about how to design agents that can learn many tasks over a lifetime without forgetting, rapidly adapt to task changes, reuse existing knowledge to foster rapid learning of new tasks, use knowledge from task being learned to improve knowledge of previous tasks. This thesis investigates several of the aforementioned challenges through the use of biologically inspired neuromodulatory mechanisms, that are incorporated into standard artificial neural networks. Experiments were conducted in simulated reinforcement learning environments in domains such as navigation, robotics, and autonomous driving simulations. A common theme from the findings showed that neuromodulation enabled the lifelong learning systems to solve problems of increasing complexity in comparison to systems without neuromodulation. Also, neuromodulation enabled the rapid switch of learned behaviour via the dynamic regulation of the agent’s neural activity in fully and partially observable scenarios, and the efficient learning of new tasks in an online manner without forgetting. However, the use of neuromodulation incurs an extra cost in computational and memory requirements in neural networks.
title: MRI in staging of rectal carcinoma
Creators: name: Ramos Rodriguez, Jose Ramon
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Multidisciplinary cancer care
subject: Cancer
subject: Surgery
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Decision analysis
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR
subject: Oncology
subject: Abdomen

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Rectal MRI is increasingly used in the context of multidisciplinary approach of rectal cancer for preoperative evaluation in order to select the most appropriate treatment for each patient. The aim of this study is to determine the diagnostic...
Frequent and recent retrotransposition of orthologous genes plays a role in the evolution of sperm glycolytic enzymes
Creators: name: Vemuganti, Soumya A
name: O'Brien, Deborah A.
name: Pardo-Manuel de Villena, Fernando
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2010

description: Abstract Background The central metabolic pathway of glycolysis converts glucose to pyruvate, with the net production of 2 ATP and 2 NADH per glucose molecule. Each of the ten reactions in this pathway is typically catalyzed by multiple isozymes encoded by a multigene family. Several isozymes in this pathway are expressed only during spermatogenesis, and gene targeting studies indicate that they are essential for sperm function and male fertility in mouse. At least three of the novel glycolytic isozymes are encoded by retrogenes (Pgk2, Aldoart1, and Aldoart2). Their restricted expression profile suggests that retrotransposition may play a significant role in the evolution of sperm glycolytic enzymes. Results We conducted a comprehensive genomic analysis of glycolytic enzymes in the human and mouse genomes and identified several intronless copies for all enzymes in the pathway, except Pfk. Within each gene family, a single orthologous gene was typically retrotransposed frequently and independently in both species. Several retroposed sequences maintained open reading frames (ORFs) and/or provided evidence of alternatively spliced exons. We analyzed expression of sequences with ORFs and <99% sequence identity in the coding region and obtained evidence for the expression of an alternative Gpi1 transcript in mouse spermatogenic cells. Conclusions Our analysis detected frequent, recent, and lineage-specific retrotransposition of orthologous glycolytic enzymes in the human and mouse genomes. Retrotransposition events are associated with LINE/LTR and genomic integration is random. We found evidence for the alternative splicing of parent genes. Many retroposed sequences have maintained ORFs, suggesting a functional role for these genes.
Replication of the effect of a sweet taste on prosocial behavior
Creators: name: Keller, Victor
name: Pilati, Ronaldo
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: In line with recent research in embodied cognition, Meier, Moeller, Riemer-Peltz and Robinson (study 5; 2012) found that experiencing a sweet taste causes an increase in prosocial behavior. This project aims to closely replicate their fifth study.