cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Gender Price Gaps in Central Kenyan Vegetable Wet Markets
Creators: name: Depenbusch, Lutz
name: Depenbusch, Lutz
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Gender
subject: Gender Price Gap
subject: inequality
subject: value chains
subject: food industry transformation
subject: East Africa

description: Using survey data from Central Kenya, I find that the difference in prices received by female compared to male vegetable traders changes significantly in men's favor when the size of the transaction increases, ceteris paribus. This pattern in the price gap drives a gender difference in the value added by traders. If women had the same characteristics as men, they would make a 26.82 percent higher mark-up than men in the lowest quartile by traded quantities and receive the same price as men in the top quartile. Amongst suppliers, the price difference between men and women is significantly more favorable for women in rural compared to urban areas, when controlling for differences in other characteristics. Due to this effect, women experience a much smaller price reduction than men when selling in rural instead of urban areas. However, differences in the observable characteristics prevent female traders and suppliers from utilizing the advantage they have in part of the market. The results highlight the barriers in integrating women in large-scale vegetable trade, despite their traditional role in local vegetable trade. Furthermore, I show that gender values of the traders can explain the price gap among rural suppliers. This supports earlier findings connecting the gender price gap with gender stereotypes.
Two Dimensional Poynting Flux Dominated Flow onto a Schwarzschild Black Hole
Creators: name: Lee, Hyun Kyu
name: Park, Jaehong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the dynamics of the accretion flow onto a black hole driven by Poynting flux in a simplified model of a two-dimensional accretion disk. In this simplified model, the condition of the stationary accretion flow is found to impose a nontrivial constraint on the magnetic field configuration. The effect of the magnetic field on the accretion flow is discussed in detail using the paraboloidal and hyperboloidal type configuration for the poloidal structure suggested by Blandford in 1976. It is demonstrated explicitly that the angular velocity of the disk, $Ω_D$, deviates from the Keplerian angular velocity. The angular velocity of the rigidly-rotating magnetic surface, $Ω_F$, does not have to be the same as the angular velocity of the disk for the paraboloidal type configuration. But for the hyperboloidal type configuration, it is found that we can set $Ω_F = Ω_D$, which corresponds to an accretion disk of perfect conductor. We discuss the numerical solutions of the stream equation for stationary accretion flow in the Schwarzschild background using a paraboloidal type configuration. The dynamics of the accretion disk is found to depend strongly on the ratio of the accretion rate to the magnetic field strength.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
The effect of bigger human bodies on future global calorie requirements
Creators: name: Depenbusch, Lutz
name: Klasen, Stephan
name: Depenbusch, Lutz
name: Klasen, Stephan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: World food demand
subject: nutrition
subject: global outlook
subject: agricultural outlook

description: Global food demand will see a rapid increase over the coming decades. Existing studies on future calorie demand consider mainly population growth and rising incomes. We add to the literature by estimating the effect of increases in human weight caused by rising BMI and height on future calorie requirements. We produce projections that are solely based on human energy requirements for maintenance of weight. We develop four different scenarios that affect this value and show that increases in human height and BMI could lead to an increase in global calorie requirements by 18.73 percentage points between 2010 and 2100 compared to a world where the weight per age-sex group would stay the same. These increases will particularly affect countries which are already facing higher rises in calorie requirements due to high population growth. The region most affected by this pattern is Sub-Saharan Africa.
Broadband Magnetoresistance in Ferromagnetic and Paramagnetic Samples of La0.7Ca0.3-xSrxMnO3
Creators: name: Chaudhuri, U.
name: Chanda, A.
name: Mahendiran, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the room-temperature magnetoimpedance of paramagnetic (x = 0.06) and ferromagnetic (x = 0.1) samples in La0.7Ca0.3-xSrxMnO3 series using a radio-frequency impedance analyzer and also microwave power absorption using a network analyzer. In both measurements, samples were enclosed tightly inside a copper stripcoil and impedance or reflection coefficient of this copper stripcoil was measured as a function of the applied magnetic field for different frequencies of current (f = 0.1 to 2.5 GHz). The direction of the applied magnetic field was perpendicular to the alternating magnetic field produced by the coil. In the ferromagnetic sample (x = 0.1), magnetoresistance shows a peak around zero field for lower frequencies but a peak appears at H away from the origin at higher frequencies. The position of the peak shifts towards higher fields with increasing frequency. A similar trend is also found for the paramagnetic sample (x = 0.06) but the peak occurs at a higher field compared to the ferromagnetic sample for the same frequency. Microwave power absorption also shows features similar to magnetoresistance. Line shape analysis of the data was performed by fitting the data to a Lorentzian function. It is concluded that the observed features are imprints of ferromagnetic resonance in x = 0.1 and paramagnetic resonance in x = 0.06 samples.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Greening Labor Unions: Environmental Concerns of Union Members
Creators: name: Kojola, Erik
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4410
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: The labor and environmental movements have had a complicated relationship with periods of cooperation as well as conflict, but recently there has been increasing collaboration at the national level. Whether such a trend of cooperation can be sustained will partially depend on grassroots-level connections between the two movements. However, there has been little empirical research on the environmental attitudes of union members, which is important for understanding the potential for shared values between union members and environmental activists. This thesis analyzes 1993, 2000, and 2010 General Social Survey data to examine if the environmental attitudes of people in union households have changed given shifting labor-environment relations and broader political-economic conditions. I find that union membership does not influence environmental concern in weaker economic times (1993 and 2010) but that it has a positive effect on environmental concern in stronger economic times (2000). Thus, union household are generally no less concerned about the environment than non-union households. Therefore, strengthening connections between union members and environmental activists may be a feasible strategy for invigorating both the labor and environmental movements.
USIA World Survey 5-B
Creators: name: USIA
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2022

description: Evaluation of the world as a place to live; characteristicsw of best and worst possible country; evaluation of countries; basic interests of France in relation to other countries; countries promoting world peace; countries to aid in defense of France; ability of various countries to handle world problems; country strongest militarily and economically; countries as threats to France; Nixon's visit to China and Soviet Union; news information sources; US in European/Asian and world affairs; knowledge and evaluation of policies concerning Arab/Israeli situation, India/Pakistan differences, Vietnam and China.
Comparing classical and quantum probability distributions for an asymmetric infinite well
Creators: name: Doncheski, M. A.
name: Robinett, R. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the classical and quantum mechanical position-space probability densities for a particle in an asymmetric infinite well. In an idealized system with a discontinuous step in the middle of the well, the classical and quantum probability distributions agree fairly well, even for relatively small quantum numbers, except for anomalous cases which are due to the unphysical nature of the potential. We are able to derive upper and lower bounds on the differences between the quantum and classical results. We also qualitatively discuss the momentum-space probability densities for this system using intuitive ideas about how much time a classical particle spends in various parts of the well. This system provides an excellent example of a non-trivial, but tractable, quantum mechanical bound state problem where the correlations between the amplitude and curvature of quantum mechanical wavefunctions can be easily compared to classical intuition about particle motion, with quantitative success, but also warning of possible surprises in non-physical limiting cases.
description: 17 pages, 6 separate .ps figures
title: Graphical User Interfaces for a Qualitative and a Quantitative Side-Channel Analysis Tool
Creators: name: Edlund, Martin
name: Mantel, Heiko
name: Weber, Alexandra
name: Weißmantel, Tim
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2022

description: The tools Side-Channel Finder AVR (SCF-AVR) and CacheAudit 0.3 (CA-0.3) support a proactive treatment of side channels in different contexts. SCF-AVR is a qualitative analysis tool. It detects potential timing side channels in AVR assembly programs. CA-0.3 is a quantitative analysis tool. It computes upper bounds on the cache-side-channel leakage of x86 assembly programs, including programs that use floating-point instructions or follow a circuit-based implementation technique. Both tools have proven useful to analyze real-world implementations from cryptographic libraries. So far, the tools were controlled using their command-line interfaces and manually created configuration files. In this report, we present graphical user interfaces that we developed for the two analysis tools to simplify the application of the tools to case studies.
title: Molecular techniques for studying Fusarium ear blight of wheat
Creators: name: Doohan, Fiona Maria
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1998

description: This work has compared polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays and traditional visual disease assessment to evaluate the severity of Fusarium ear blight (FEB) ofwheat under field and glasshouse conditions. In a field trial, PCR analysis highlighted the problem of diagnosis of FEB of wheat based on visual disease assessment where natural inoculum was present. PCR-based analysis detected F. poae predominantly in the glumes and Microdochium nivale sub-species were predominantly found in the rachis component of ears. M. nivale var. majus was more frequently observed than var. nivale (64 and 36 %, respectively).

 Quantitative PCR analysis and conventional visual disease assessment were used to evaluate fungicide efficacy against FEB of wheat caused by F. culmorum and F. poae in three glasshouse trials (1994/5-1996/7). Prochloraz and tebuconazole significantly decreased both visual symptoms of FEB and fungal DNA content of F. culmorum and F. poae ear blight of wheat. Overall, both fungicides appeared equally effective, although the efficacy ofthese fungicides was consistently greater as measured by PCR analysis rather than by visual disease assessment. Inoculation with F. culmorum significantly reduced yield (1000 grain weight) whereas inoculation with F. poae had no significant effect on yield.

 Fusarium culmorum was successfully transformed with the GUS reporter gene. GUS activity levels of transformants varied, but transformation did not affect pathogenicity on wheat seedlings. A GUS transformant was used to study the effectiveness of two fungicides against F. culmorum foot rot of wheat.

 Primers to the Tri5 gene were used to develop a PCR-based assay for the specific detection of potential trichothecene-producing Fusarium species. These primers were also used to develop an RT-PCR-based assay for the detection and semiquantification of F. culmorum Tri5 gene expression 'relative to p-tubulin gene expression' in RNA extracts from F. culmorum. This assay was used to show that time and fungicides can affect Tri5 gene expression in liquid culture.
ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКИЙ РАСЧЕТ УМЕНЬШЕНИЯ ЦЕНТРОБЕЖНЫХ ВИБРАЦИЙ В ЗОНАХ ПИТАНИЯ ПНЕВМОМЕХАНИЧЕСКИХ ПРЯДИЛЬНЫХ МАШИН
Creators: name: Мирзаев Отабек Абдукаримович доцент, Каршинский государственный технический университет Республика Узбекистан, г.Карши
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: В статье представлен теоретический расчет уменьшения центробежных вибраций в зонах питания пневмомеханических прядильных машин. Для составления дифференциальных уравнений движения рабочих органов в зонах питания пневмомеханических прядильных машин использовано уравнение Лагранжа второго рода. Приведена численная нумерация рабочих органов в зонах питания пневмомеханических прядильных машин. Изучена кинематика синусоидальных колебаний составного питающего цилиндра. Представлены численные результаты и граничные предельные значения некоторых данных теоретического эксперимента в зонах питания пневмомеханических прядильных машин в табличной форме. Приведены геометрические параметры составного питающего цилиндра.

Ключевые слова: вибрация, фаза, питания, колебания, значения энергия, пружина, кинетическая энергия, текстильном производстве, уравнений, коэффициент диссипации, жесткость, волокнистая материал,  гипотеза, пряжа, прядильных машин.
Modular Politics: Toward a Governance Layer for Online Communities
Creators: name: Schneider, Nathan
name: De Filippi, Primavera
name: Frey, Seth
name: Tan, Joshua Z.
name: Zhang, Amy X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Governance in online communities is an increasingly high-stakes challenge, and yet many basic features of offline governance legacies--juries, political parties, term limits, and formal debates, to name a few--are not in the feature-sets of the software most community platforms use. Drawing on the paradigm of Institutional Analysis and Development, this paper proposes a strategy for addressing this lapse by specifying basic features of a generalizable paradigm for online governance called Modular Politics. Whereas classical governance typologies tend to present a choice among wholesale ideologies, such as democracy or oligarchy, Modular Politics would enable platform operators and their users to build bottom-up governance processes from computational components that are modular and composable, highly versatile in their expressiveness, portable from one context to another, and interoperable across platforms. This kind of approach could implement pre-digital governance systems as well as accelerate innovation in uniquely digital techniques. As diverse communities share and connect their components and data, governance could occur through a ubiquitous network layer. To that end, this paper proposes the development of an open standard for networked governance.
description: In CSCW '21
title: Highly isotopically depleted isoprenoids
title: molecular markers for ancient methane venting
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Thiel, Volker
name: Peckmann, Jörn
name: Seifert, Richard
name: Wehrung, Patrick
name: Reitner, Joachim
name: Michaelis, Walter
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 1999

description: research
ESFUERZOS PARA MITIGAR, CONTENER Y PREVENIR EL HUANGLONGBING DE LOS CITRICOS EN LA REPÛBLICA DOMINICANA.
EFFORTS TO MITIGATE, CONTAIN AND PREVENT CITRUS GREENING IN THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC)
Creators: name: Matos, Luis A.
name: Cayetano, Xiomara A.
name: Feliz, Andrea O.
name: Borbon, Julio
name: Puello, Humberto
name: Mendez, Felipe
name: Castillo, Ana L. Melo Cristino
name: Matos, Luis A.
name: Cayetano, Xiomara A.
name: Feliz, Andrea O.
name: Borbon, Julio
name: Puello, Humberto
name: Mendez, Felipe
name: Castillo, Ana L. Melo Cristino
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: HLB
subject: plants eradication
subject: geographic distribution

description: Citrus Huanglongbing (HLB) is considered the most important citrus disease around the world. HLB was first reported in the Dominican Republic in September 2008. As a result, the National Committee for an Integrated Management of HLB has been created to take action to mitigate and reduce the spread of the disease around the country. All actions taken for mitigation are based on four important aspects: (1) diagnosis of the disease using polymerase chain reaction (PCR); (2) education opportunties for citrus growers, nurserymen, and private and official technicians; (3) quarantine or regulation of the movement of citrus plants without healthy certification to eliminate and eradicate infected plants; and (4) monitor and control the psillid population. Under this program, more than three thousand trees have been sampled and analyzed by PCR, and more than 50 thousand trees have been scouted in the field. HLB has been found in at least 12 out of 32 provinces of the country, with the highest incidence around 24% in the Puerto Plata area, where the disease was found for the first time. It has allowed eliminating or eradicating more than 20 thousand infected trees. Illustrative, informative materials have been used to increase the general understanding about the HLB, such as poster, brochures, and other kinds of materials.
Overcoming Barriers to Ethnic Diversification of the Board: A Fundraising Argument
Creators: name: Lalani, Anjali
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This research explores current research on board roles and ethnic diversity, the board's relationship to the success of the organization, diversity's impact on team process and product, ethnic participation in American philanthropy, barriers to board diversification, as well as primary data from large arts organizations in major metropolitan areas. Through a comprehensive review of the literature as well as surveys sent to 74 major arts organizations in diverse communities in the United States, this research concludes that although fundraising is a barrier to diversification, it is likely not the primary barrier. While the topic of diversity is widely discussed in the nonprofit field, actual implementation of ethnic diversity on boards is severely lacking (Nonprofit Governance Index 2012). According to BoardSource, 82 percent of American nonprofit board members are Caucasian with nearly 30 percent of boards composed solely of Caucasian people (Nonprofit Governance Index 2012, 9). Also from BoardSource, "at best, one in five boards has made concerted efforts to increase board diversity" (Nonprofit Governance Index 2010, 30). This is in stark contrast to fact that minority populations are increasing at a greater rate than Caucasians (US Census 2010e). This research also makes a case for organizations to invest in ethnic diversity on their boards through the lens of fundraising. As communities become more ethnically diverse, donors will also become more diverse, and securing diverse board members will become a key way to attract ethnically diverse donors. The results show that diversifying a board takes a great deal of time and investment, but will yield excellent results on multiple fronts if managed well.
ESTIMACIÔN DE POLINIZACI0N CRUZADA POR INSECTOS EN GUANDUL (CAJANUS CAJANL.) EN LA REPÛBLICA DOMINICANA
Creators: name: Oviedo, Fernando
name: Cedano, Juan
name: Oviedo, Fernando
name: Cedano, Juan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: guandul
subject: cruzamiento
subject: variedades
subject: polinizaciôn
subject: herencia
subject: sensible
subject: insensible
subject: fotoperiodo
subject: semilla
subject: fenotipica

description: En la Estaciôn Experimental Arroyo Loro, durante los anos 2008-2009 se llevaron a cabo dos investigaciones con el objetivo de estimar la polinizaciôn cruzada a través de insectos. El material de siembra utilizado por un 60% de los agricultores de guandul del pais es de baja calidad en cuanto a su pureza varietal. Segùn estimaciones de investigadores, los insectos pueden causar cruzas de hasta un 40% en las plantas de guandul. Los estudios se hicieron con las variedades de guandul 'UASD' (insensible al fotoperiodo, de flor amarilla y vaina verde) e 'IDIAF Navideno' (sensible, de flor roja y vaina marron oscuro) y con el genotipo ALG08-9-4 (insensible, de flor roja y vaina marron oscuro). En cada tratamiento se sembraron dos hileras de las dos variedades en estudio. En una tercera etapa se utilizô la variedad 'UASD' y el genotipo ALG08-9-4. Las abejas fueron los insectos que mâs frecuentaron las plantas durante el dia. De la semilla cosechada de cada tratamiento, se tomô un 3% y se sembrô para determinar si las abejas realizaron cruzamiento entre las variedades. Segùn las evaluaciones en Fi, se encontre» un 15.3 y 24%, de polinizaciôn cruzada, respectivamente, en ambos ensayos. Los datos en F2, segùn la prueba de Chi cuadrado (X2), con una probabilidad de 0.750 a 0.500, se ajusta muy bien a una proportion fenotipica 3:1, es decir un 75% de flores color rojo y un 25% de flores color amarillo, lo cual indica que la herencia es simple y existe dominancia del color de flor rojo.
Overcoming Barriers to Ethnic Diversification of the Board: A Fundraising Argument
Creators: name: Lalani, Anjali
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3507
subject: Strategy, management and organisational behaviour

description: This research explores current research on board roles and ethnic diversity, the board's relationship to the success of the organization, diversity's impact on team process and product, ethnic participation in American philanthropy, barriers to board diversification, as well as primary data from large arts organizations in major metropolitan areas. Through a comprehensive review of the literature as well as surveys sent to 74 major arts organizations in diverse communities in the United States, this research concludes that although fundraising is a barrier to diversification, it is likely not the primary barrier. While the topic of diversity is widely discussed in the nonprofit field, actual implementation of ethnic diversity on boards is severely lacking (Nonprofit Governance Index 2012). According to BoardSource, 82 percent of American nonprofit board members are Caucasian with nearly 30 percent of boards composed solely of Caucasian people (Nonprofit Governance Index 2012, 9). Also from BoardSource, "at best, one in five boards has made concerted efforts to increase board diversity" (Nonprofit Governance Index 2010, 30). This is in stark contrast to fact that minority populations are increasing at a greater rate than Caucasians (US Census 2010e). This research also makes a case for organizations to invest in ethnic diversity on their boards through the lens of fundraising. As communities become more ethnically diverse, donors will also become more diverse, and securing diverse board members will become a key way to attract ethnically diverse donors. The results show that diversifying a board takes a great deal of time and investment, but will yield excellent results on multiple fronts if managed well.
The eclipsing massive X-ray binary M33 X-7: New X-ray observations and optical identification
Creators: name: Pietsch, W.
name: Mochejska, B. J.
name: Misanovic, Z.
name: Haberl, F.
name: Ehle, M.
name: Trinchieri, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The eclipsing X-ray binary M33 X-7 was in the field of view during several observations of our XMM-Newton M33 survey and in the archival Chanfdra observation 1730 which cover a large part of the 3.45 d orbital period. We detect emission of M33 X-7 during eclipse and a soft X-ray spectrum of the source out of eclipse that can best be described by bremsstrahlung or disk blackbody models. No significant regular pulsations of the source in the range 0.25-1000 s were found. The average source luminosity out of eclipse is 5E37 erg/s (0.5-4.5 keV). In a special analysis of DIRECT observations we identify as optical counterpart a B0I to O7I star of 18.89 mag in V which shows the ellipsoidal heating light curve of a high mass X-ray binary with the M33 X-7 binary period. The location of the X-ray eclipse and the optical minima allow us to determine an improved binary period and ephemeris of mid-eclipse as HJD (2451760.61+-0.09)+- N * (3.45376+-0.00021). The mass of the compact object derived from orbital parameters and the optical companion mass, the lack of pulsations, and the X-ray spectrum of M33 X-7 may indicate that the compact object in the system is a black hole. M33 X-7 would be the first detected eclipsing high mass black hole X-ray binary.
description: 9 pages including 6 figures, A&A accepted
EVALUATION OF IRRIGATION SYSTEMS FOR RICE PRODUCTION ON ST. CROIX, USVI
Creators: name: Zimmerman, Thomas W.
name: Zimmerman, Thomas W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: paddy rice
subject: water conservation
subject: Oryza sativa

description: Rice is normally grown for production under flooded paddy conditions. The Virgin Islands have limited fresh water resources that limit rice production utilizing the flooded paddy system. Three varieties of rice, 'Bengal', 'Cybonet' and 'Neptune' were grown to compare production under both drip and flood irrigation conditions. There was no visible difference in growth, flowering or maturity between the flooded paddy and drip irrigation conditions. There was no difference between treatments for plant height within a variety. The flooded paddy rice had better weed control than the drip production. 'Cybonet' shoots were shorter and matured two weeks earlier than both 'Bengal' and 'Neptune'. Rice production for 'Cybonet' was better with drip irrigation than flood irrigation, 2,565 and 2,015 lb/acre respectively. 'Bengal' had the best production, 3,720 lb/acre and benefited from flooded as compared to drip irrigation, 3,505 lb/acre. 'Neptune' did better with drip irrigation, 3,240 lb/acre, than with flooded, 2,930 lb/acre. Rice can be successfully grown in the Virgin Islands with drip irrigation and have yields comparable to a flooded paddy system.
Apocharips Fergusson 1986
Creators: name: Ferrer-Suay, Mar
name: Selfa, Jesús
name: Villemant, Claire
name: Pujade-Villar, Juli
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Figitidae
Apocharips

description: Genus Apocharips Fergusson, 1986
 Apocharips trapezoidea (Hartig, 1841) (Figs 6D; 9A; 10A)
 Xystus trapezoideus Hartig, 1841: 352.
MATERIAL EXAMINED. — (1♂). M9-SES2000 T 4-M1: 1♂. Deposited at MNHN.
 DISTRIBUTION. — Previously known from the Palaearctic region (Ferrer-Suay et al. 2012a). First record from France. Currently the only species of Apocharips known from the Mediterranean Alps.
 HOSTS. — See Charipinae Worldwide Catalogue (Ferrer-Suay et al. 2012a).
 DIAGNOSIS. — Apocharips trapezoidea is mainly characterized by: a completely open radial cell, 1.0 times as long as wide (Fig. 9A); pronotal and propodeal carinae present (Fig. 6D); apex of scutellum with M-shaped carinae; female antenna with rhinaria beginning from F5, F1 longer than pedicel and F2, F2 subequal to F3, F3 shorter than F4 (Fig. 10A); male antenna with rhinaria beginning from F1, F1 longer than pedicel and F2, F2-F4 subequal in length. It is easily differentiated from the other Apocharips species by its radial cell completely open with parallel R1 and Rs veins (Fig. 9A). The most similar Apocharips species is Apocharips hansoni Menke, 1993, but they can be readily separated by the presence of radial carinae around the clypeus in A. hansoni, which are lacking in A. trapezoidea.
description: Published as part of Ferrer-Suay, Mar, Selfa, Jesús, Villemant, Claire & Pujade-Villar, Juli, 2015, Charipinae Dalla Torre & Kieffer, 1910 (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae) from the Mercantour National Park (Alpes-Maritimes, France), with descriptions of three new species, pp. 115-138 in Zoosystema 37 (1) on page 130, DOI: 10.5252/z2015n1a5, http://zenodo.org/record/4577554
Precise control of magnetic fields and optical polarization in a time-orbiting potential trap
Creators: name: Fallon, A. J.
name: Sackett, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A time orbiting potential trap confines neutral atoms in a rotating magnetic field. The rotation of the field can be useful for precision measurements, since it can average out some systematic effects. However, the field is more difficult to characterize than a static field, and it makes light applied to the atoms have a time-varying optical polarization relative to the quantization axis. These problems can be overcome using stroboscopic techniques, where either a radio-frequency field or a laser is applied in pulses that are synchronized to the rotating field. Using these methods, the magnetic field can be characterized with a precision of 10 mG and light can be applied with a polarization error of $5\times 10^{-5}$.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Function and interaction of sex determination genes in the hemimetabolous insect Oncopeltus fasciatus
Creators: name: Laslo, Mara
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The regulation and evolution of sex is a fundamental question in developmental biology. Sex determination mechanisms have only been studied in holometabolous insects, or insects with complete metamorphosis. In addition to being closely related to several human and agricultural pests, O. fasciatus is a member of the most closely related clade to these extensively studied holometabolous insects. Determining the genetic basis of sex in an outgroup such as O. fasciatus will shed light on how sex evolves. Candidate genes were chosen from the sex determination pathway of D. melanogaster. Transcript levels of transformer-2A, transformer-2B, intersex, and fruitless were examined at each developmental stage using quantitative PCR; a full list of significant pairwise comparisons is available in Supplementary Tables 1 and 2. Functional analyses of candidate genes virilizer, female-2-d, transformer-2, male-specific lethal-2, male-specific lethal-3, intersex, and fruitless were done using RNA interference methods. Results indicate that these sex determination genes play different roles in O. fasciatus compared to the established D. melanogaster model--most genes do not appear to have a role in sex determination. Additionally, although the genes fruitless and intersex are conserved, the phenotypes produced by the knockdown are non sex-specific. Interaction data suggests that fruitless promotes intersex expression--a novel interaction at the most downstream point of the sex determination pathway. These data support the theory that although upstream sex-determining genes vary widely across insect groups, downstream genes remain conserved.
Function and interaction of sex determination genes in the hemimetabolous insect Oncopeltus fasciatus
Creators: name: Laslo, Mara
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The regulation and evolution of sex is a fundamental question in developmental biology. Sex determination mechanisms have only been studied in holometabolous insects, or insects with complete metamorphosis. In addition to being closely related to several human and agricultural pests, O. fasciatus is a member of the most closely related clade to these extensively studied holometabolous insects. Determining the genetic basis of sex in an outgroup such as O. fasciatus will shed light on how sex evolves. Candidate genes were chosen from the sex determination pathway of D. melanogaster. Transcript levels of transformer-2A, transformer-2B, intersex, and fruitless were examined at each developmental stage using quantitative PCR; a full list of significant pairwise comparisons is available in Supplementary Tables 1 and 2. Functional analyses of candidate genes virilizer, female-2-d, transformer-2, male-specific lethal-2, male-specific lethal-3, intersex, and fruitless were done using RNA interference methods. Results indicate that these sex determination genes play different roles in O. fasciatus compared to the established D. melanogaster model--most genes do not appear to have a role in sex determination. Additionally, although the genes fruitless and intersex are conserved, the phenotypes produced by the knockdown are non sex-specific. Interaction data suggests that fruitless promotes intersex expression--a novel interaction at the most downstream point of the sex determination pathway. These data support the theory that although upstream sex-determining genes vary widely across insect groups, downstream genes remain conserved.
Multi-Wavelength Studies of the Optically Dark Gamma-Ray Burst 001025A
Creators: name: Pedersen, K.
name: Hurley, K.
name: Hjorth, J.
name: Smith, D. A.
name: Andersen, M. I.
name: Christensen, L.
name: Cline, T.
name: Fynbo, J. P. U.
name: Goldsten, J.
name: Golenetskii, S.
name: Gorosabel, J.
name: Jakobsson, P.
name: Jensen, B. L.
name: Milvang-Jensen, B.
name: McClanahan, T.
name: Moller, P.
name: Palshin, V.
name: Schartel, N.
name: Trombka, J.
name: Ulanov, M.
name: Watson, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We identify the fading X-ray afterglow of GRB 001025A from XMM-Newton observations obtained 1.9-2.3 days, 2 years, and 2.5 years after the burst. The non-detection of an optical counterpart to an upper limit of R=25.5, 1.20 days after the burst, makes GRB 001025A a ``dark'' burst. Based on the X-ray afterglow spectral properties of GRB 001025A, we argue that some bursts appear optically dark because their afterglow is faint and their cooling frequency is close to the X-ray band. This interpretation is applicable to several of the few other dark bursts where the X-ray spectral index has been measured. The X-ray afterglow flux of GRB 001025A is an order of magnitude lower than for typical long-duration gamma-ray bursts. The spectrum of the X-ray afterglow can be fitted with an absorbed synchrotron emission model, an absorbed thermal plasma model, or a combination thereof. For the latter, an extrapolation to optical wavelengths can be reconciled with the R-band upper limit on the afterglow, without invoking any optical circumburst absorption, provided the cooling frequency is close to the X-ray band. Alternatively, if the X-ray afterglow is due to synchrotron emission only, seven magnitudes of extinction in the observed R-band is required to meet the R-band upper limit, making GRB 001025A much more obscured than bursts with detected optical afterglows. Based on the column density of X-ray absorbing circumburst matter, an SMC gas-to-dust ratio is insufficient to produce this amount of extinction. The X-ray tail of the prompt emission enters a steep temporal decay excluding that the tail of the prompt emission is the onset of the afterglow (abridged).
description: 32 pages, 8 figures, ApJ in press
Biostratigraphische Begriffe aus der Säugetierpaläontologie für das Pliozän und Pleistozän Deutschlands
Creators: name: Koenigswald, Wighart Von
name: Heinrich, Wolf-Dieter
Publisher: name: Geozon Science Media
Year: 2007

description: Die biostratigraphische Gliederung des Quartärs in Mitteleuropa erfolgte nach wechselnden Ansätzen, und entsprechend groß ist die Zahl der benutzen Termini. Zunächst wurde versucht, Stufen in der Entwicklung der Säugetierfaunen nach typischen Fundorten zu benennen und diese in einer zeitlichen Reihenfolge zu ordnen (z.B. KRETZOI 1962, 1969, JANOSSY 1969). Eine Korrelation mit den Glazialen und Interglazialen wurde zwar immer wieder versucht, brachte aber große Schwierigkeiten, weil die Faunen weitgehend aus den unvergletscherten Gebieten stammten und deswegen keine Korrelationen durch klare Superpositionen gegeben waren. Schon in der Faunenabfolge zeigte sich, dass die Zahl der Interglaziale, wie sie die klassische Gliederung anbot, nicht ausreichte, um die verschiedenen warmzeitlichen Faunen einzuordnen. Die Bohrungen in der Tiefsee zeigten dann sehr bald, dass die Zahl der Oszillationen weit höher sind, als von PENCK & BRÜCKNER (1909) angenommen. Die biostratigraphische Gliederung des Jungtertiärs konnte dadurch verfeinert werden, dass die Grenzen der einzelnen Stufen durch das erste bzw. letzte Auftreten (FAD = First Appearance Date bzw. LAD = Last Appearance Date) charakteristischer Säugetierarten definiert wurden. (…)
description: research
The Algebra of Binary Search Trees
Creators: name: Hivert, F.
name: Novelli, J. -C.
name: Thibon, J. -Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce a monoid structure on the set of binary search trees, by a process very similar to the construction of the plactic monoid, the Robinson-Schensted insertion being replaced by the binary search tree insertion. This leads to a new construction of the algebra of Planar Binary Trees of Loday-Ronco, defining it in the same way as Non-Commutative Symmetric Functions and Free Symmetric Functions. We briefly explain how the main known properties of the Loday-Ronco algebra can be described and proved with this combinatorial point of view, and then discuss it from a representation theoretical point of view, which in turns leads to new combinatorial properties of binary trees.
description: 49 pages
Conditional and unconditional tests for the extended Stuart-Maxwell design
Creators: name: Rayner, J. C. W.
name: Best, D. J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: A design is given that includes the designs for the Stuart-Maxwell and Cochran tests. Two models, called the conditional and unconditional, are given for this extended design and the corresponding Wald-type test statistics derived. These test statistics differ by a simple constant but purportedly have the same asymptotic χ2 null distribution. Since the unconditional test statistic is always larger than the conditional, if inference is based on their asymptotic χ2 null distributions, the unconditional test will always be more critical of the null hypothesis. The test of Stuart is based on a model that is neither conditional nor unconditional from this perspective, but coincides with the conditional test statistic. The discussion here addresses an apparent contradiction in the literature and indicates that for the unconditional tests inference should be based on resampling p-values that reflect the model. The design for the extended Stuart-Maxwell tests is consistent with that for Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel general association test.
title: Biological control of seedling blight of winter wheat caused by Fusarium culmorum and microdochium nivale
Creators: name: Etheridge, Jane Victoria
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1997

description: The nature of microbial antagonism towards Fusarium culmorum and Microdochium nivale, the primary pathogens implicated in Fusarium seedling blight of wheat, was assessed in laboratory, controlled environment chamber and semi-field experiments. Dual culture experiments, using five different agar media, suggested that three Trichoderma species, Gliocladium roseum, G. catenulatum, Idriella bolleyi and a Finnish fungal isolate, J76, were the most effective of the 30 microorganisms tested in inhibiting mycelial growth of F. culmorum and/or Mnivale. Seedling tests showed that isolates of Gliocladium roseum, G. catenulatum and J76 were the most promising fungi in reducing Fusarium seedling blight on wheat plants. Isolates of these three fungi significantly reduced pre-emergence and post-emergence seedling death and disease severity, measured as the degree of stem base browning. In vitro, Groseum and G. catenulatum culture filtrates were highly inhibitory to mycelial growth of F. culmorum and Mnivale and also reduced germination of pathogen spores by approximately 9 0%. Culture filtrates of J76 partially inhibited F. culmorum and M. nivale spore germination but had no effect on mycelial growth. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) of a G. roseum culture extract showed nine UV-visible bands of which four displayed antibiotic activity towards F. culmorum. A G. catenulatum culture filtrate produced six UV-visible bands of which two significantly inhibited F. culmorumm ycelial growth. Volatile antibiotics inhibitory towards M. nivale in vitro were produced by isolates of G. roseum, G. catenulatum and J76. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) study showed that isolates of G. roseum, G.c atenulatum and J76 were necrotrophicm ycoparasites of F. culmorum and M. nivale, killing host cells by direct hyphal contact and causing localised disintegration of the host, probably by enzymatic attack.
The evolutionary history of fall armyworm invasion
Creators: name: Volkoff, Anne-Nathalie
name: Nam, Kiwoong
name: D'Alençon, Emmanuelle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Euphresco, plant health, population genetics, Spodoptera frugiperda, adaptation, insecticied resistance

description: Success story of the Euphresco project 2018-F-304 'Spodoptera frugiperda: spreading, establishment, damaging potential and control measures'
description: Project funded through the Euphresco network
Single-Inclusive Jet Production in Polarized pp Collisions at O(alpha_s^3)
Creators: name: Jager, B.
name: Stratmann, M.
name: Vogelsang, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a next-to-leading order QCD calculation for single-inclusive high-p_T jet production in longitudinally polarized pp collisions within the ``small-cone'' approximation. The fully analytical expressions obtained for the underlying partonic hard-scattering cross sections greatly facilitate the analysis of upcoming BNL-RHIC data on the double-spin asymmetry A_{LL}^{jet} for this process in terms of the unknown polarization of gluons in the nucleon. We simultaneously rederive the corresponding QCD corrections to unpolarized scattering and confirm the results existing in the literature. We also numerically compare to results obtained with Monte-Carlo methods and assess the range of validity of the ``small-cone'' approximation for the kinematics relevant at BNL-RHIC.
description: 23 pages, 8 eps-figures
Über den Nachweis von Störungen im unteren Karbachtal bei Wangen im Allgäu mit Hilfe von Bodengasmessungen
Creators: name: Weinhold, Horst
Publisher: name: Geozon Science Media
Year: 1975

description: Im Bereich des unteren Karbachtales zwischen Karsee, Leupolz und der Unteren Argen wurde in acht Profilen die Verteilung von CO2 und CH4 im Boden gemessen. Auf Grund sprunghafter Veränderung des Gasgehalts an verschiedenen Stellen sowie der unterschiedlichen Gaskonzentration wurden mehrere Störungen mit Orientierung der Hoch- und Tiefschollen ermittelt. Ähnlich wie für andere Senken des nordöstlichen Bodenseeraumes kann daraus gefolgert werden, daß neben fluviatiler Erosion und Eisschurf auch tektonische Vorgänge an der Formung des Landschaftsreliefs beteiligt waren.
description: research
Supplementary materials for "Vasopressin gene products are colocalised with corticotrophin-releasing factor within neurosecretory vesicles in the external zone of the median eminence of the Japanese macaque monkey (Macaca fuscata)"
Creators: name: Sakamoto, Hirotaka
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 60805 Animal Neurobiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Table and Figures
Der quartäre Osteifel—Vulkanismus im Rahmen der Lößbildung—ein Beitrag zur Lößgenese
Creators: name: Tillmanns, Wolfgang
name: Windheuser, Hans
Publisher: name: Geozon Science Media
Year: 1980

description: Seit dem Mittelpleistozän ist im Laacher Vulkangebiet, einem räumlich präzise faßbaren Areal, ein intensiver Vulkanismus überliefert. Mittels Schwermineralanalysen und Korngrößenuntersuchungen an Lössen der engeren und weiteren Umgebung kann gezeigt werden, daß dem Vulkangebiet als lokalem Liefergebiet für die Lößbildung eine erhebliche Bedeutung zukommt. Über die Anteile an vulkanischen Schwermineralen kann für die Lößgenese im Bereich des Laacher Vulkangebiets die dominierende Bedeutung von Auf- und Umarbeitungsprozessen nachgewiesen werden. Bezogen auf die Rheinachse nehmen der Gehalt an vulkanischen Schwermineralen und die Korngröße der Klinopyroxene in den Lössen mit zunehmender Entfernung vom vulkanischen Liefergebiet ab.
description: research
Dilyta subclavata Forster 1869
Creators: name: Ferrer-Suay, Mar
name: Selfa, Jesús
name: Villemant, Claire
name: Pujade-Villar, Juli
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Figitidae
Dilyta
Dilyta subclavata

description: Dilyta subclavata Förster, 1869
(Figs 9B; 10B)
 Dilyta subclavata Förster, 1869: 338.
MATERIAL EXAMINED. — (1♂ & 2♀). M09-BOR1400- T6 -M1: 1♀; M09-SES1400- T2 -M2: 1♂; M10-CAI1400- T2 -M1: 1♀. Material deposited at MNHN, except for 1♀ deposited at UB.
 DISTRIBUTION. — Known from Palaearctic region (Ferrer-Suay et al. 2012a). Previously cited from France by De Gaulle (1908: 26) and Dalla Torre & Kieffer (1910: 255). Currently the only species of Dilyta genus present in the Mediterranean Alps.
 HOSTS. — See Charipinae Worldwide Catalogue (Ferrer-Suay et al. 2012a).
 DIAGNOSIS. — Dilyta subclavata is mainly characterized by: a completely open radial cell, 1.8 × longer than wide (Fig. 9B); pronotum and propodeal carinae present; apex of scutellum with ∩-shaped carina; female antenna with rhinaria beginning from F6, F1 slightly shorter or subequal to pedicel, F2 subequal to F3, F4 longer than F3 (Fig. 10B); male antenna with rhinaria beginning from F4, F1 slightly longer than pedicel, sometimes slightly arched, F2 shorter than F1 and F3, F3 shorter than F1, F1 subequal to F4. This species is easily differentiated from the other Dilyta species by the punctuation present on the distal part of its metasoma, F1 slightly shorter or subequal to pedicel, F2 subequal to F3, and F4 longer than F3 (Fig. 10B).
description: Published as part of Ferrer-Suay, Mar, Selfa, Jesús, Villemant, Claire & Pujade-Villar, Juli, 2015, Charipinae Dalla Torre & Kieffer, 1910 (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae) from the Mercantour National Park (Alpes-Maritimes, France), with descriptions of three new species, pp. 115-138 in Zoosystema 37 (1) on page 130, DOI: 10.5252/z2015n1a5, http://zenodo.org/record/4577554