cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Supplementary analyses from Open science and modified funding lotteries can impede the natural selection of bad science
Creators: name: Smaldino, Paul E.
name: Turner, Matthew A.
name: Kallens, Pablo A. Contreras
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: 80110 Simulation and Modelling

description: Assessing scientists using exploitable metrics can lead to the degradation of research methods even without any strategic behaviour on the part of individuals, via ‘the natural selection of bad science.’ Institutional incentives to maximize metrics like publication quantity and impact drive this dynamic. Removing these incentives is necessary, but institutional change is slow. However, recent developments suggest possible solutions with more rapid onsets. These include what we call open science improvements, which can reduce publication bias and improve the efficacy of peer review. In addition, there have been increasing calls for funders to move away from prestige- or innovation-based approaches in favour of lotteries. We investigated whether such changes are likely to improve the reproducibility of science even in the presence of persistent incentives for publication quantity through computational modelling. We found that modified lotteries, which allocate funding randomly among proposals that pass a threshold for methodological rigour, effectively reduce the rate of false discoveries, particularly when paired with open science improvements that increase the publication of negative results and improve the quality of peer review. In the absence of funding that targets rigour, open science improvements can still reduce false discoveries in the published literature but are less likely to improve the overall culture of research practices that underlie those publications.
Additional file 1 of Higher polygenic risk for melanoma is associated with improved survival in a high ultraviolet radiation setting
Creators: name: Seviiri, Mathias
name: Scolyer, Richard A.
name: Bishop, D. Timothy
name: Newton-Bishop, Julia A.
name: Iles, Mark M.
name: Lo, Serigne N.
name: Stretch, Johnathan R.
name: Saw, Robyn P. M.
name: Nieweg, Omgo E.
name: Shannon, Kerwin F.
name: Spillane, Andrew J.
name: Gordon, Scott D.
name: Olsen, Catherine M.
name: Whiteman, David C.
name: Landi, Maria Teresa
name: Thompson, John F.
name: Long, Georgina V.
name: MacGregor, Stuart
name: Law, Matthew H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure 1. Manhattan plot for the MSS GWAS meta-analysis between MIA and UKB cohorts. Figure 2. Skin colour polygenic risk score model performance in the validation cohort (QSkin). The x-axis represents the different melanoma polygenic risk score (PRS) models of varying fractions of causal SNPs (i.e. 1 (F0), 0.1 (F1), 0.01 (F2),0.001(F3),0.0001 (F4) and 0.00002 (F5)) at the different radii of the linkage disequilibrium (LD) (i.e. 2 megabase (mb) and 5 mb). The y-axis represents Nagelkerke’s R2 (%) for each of the 12 PRS models. The horizontal dashed black line highlights the optimal model (F1-2mb) (i.e. with the highest Nagelkerke’s R2). Figure 3. The association between polygenic risk scores and the risk of melanoma in QSkin. Figure 4. The association by quartile of polygenic risk for melanoma susceptibility and melanoma specific survival in the MIA cohort. Figure 5. Association of standalone skin colour and naevus PRSs and melanoma specific survival in MIA and UKB.
A computational study of the origin of brain oscillations at multiple scales
Creators: name: Noei, Shahryar
Publisher: name: Università degli studi di Trento
Year: 2022

description: Brain activity recordings from multiple locations from the brain at rest often demonstrate dynamic spatiotemporal reconfigurations of oscillatory activity. These oscillatory patterns are observed both using indirect recordings of neural activity, such as resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI), or direct recording of neural activity with electrophysiology. The origin and role of such oscillatory patterns and their relationship between those observed with fMRI and electrophysiology is the subject of much investigation. Here I present computational work that sheds light on these questions. In our first study, I analyzed data from the lab of Alessandro Gozzi to demonstrate that changes in the resting-state fMRI connectivity caused by chemogenetic chronic inhibition of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) are reflected by an increase of slow oscillatory power (<4 Hz) in the local field potential and an increase of coherence in those bands, suggesting that rs-fMRI connectivity primarily reflects low-frequency neural oscillations. In the second study, I analyzed data from the lab of Nelson Totah to investigate how prefrontal cortical oscillations are modulated by variations in the activity of ascending neuromodulatory systems. Noradrenergic Locus Coeruleus (LC) is a major neuromodulatory system and is believed to regulate the excitability of cortical targets by an en-masse synchronous increase of firing, and the changes in excitability. A recent study, however, has demonstrated a low observed correlation among LC pairs during anesthesia and has paved the way for potential ensemble-based modulation of the cortex. Here, utilizing the non-negative matrix factorization technique on populations of tens of simultaneously recorded neurons in anesthetized rats, we found multiple ensembles of LC cells with diverse spatiotemporal properties. Aligning the ongoing rhythms of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) around the activation of different LC ensembles, we found that the pattern of oscillations in the prefrontal cortex varied dynamically depending on which LC ensemble was active. Our results demonstrate that the spontaneous activity of LC ensembles can be associated with different oscillatory cortical states.
On a kinetic FitzHugh-Nagumo model of neuronal network
Creators: name: Mischler, Stéphane
name: Quiñinao, Cristóbal
name: Touboul, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate existence and uniqueness of solutions of a McKean-Vlasov evolution PDE representing the macroscopic behaviour of interacting Fitzhugh-Nagumo neurons. This equation is hypoelliptic, nonlocal and has unbounded coefficients. We prove existence of a solution to the evolution equation and non trivial stationary solutions. Moreover, we demonstrate uniqueness of the stationary solution in the weakly nonlinear regime. Eventually, using a semigroup factorisation method, we show exponential nonlinear stability in the small connectivity regime.
Care Seeking for Pain in Young Adults with Sickle Cell Disease
Creators: name: Ataga, Kenneth I.
name: Brewer, Cheryl A.
name: Jenerette, Coretta M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: In individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD), recognizing the cues to an acute pain episode and responding appropriately are important. The purpose of this mixed-methods pilot study is to identify preliminary factors that influence care seeking for pain in young adults with SCD. Responses were received from 69 young adults with SCD, age 18-35 years. The majority of respondents (88%) wait until the pain intensity is an average of 8.7 (± 1.2) on a scale of 1 to 10 before seeking care. Prominent themes influencing care seeking for pain include: trying to treat pain at home, avoiding the emergency department because of past treatment experiences, the desire to avoid admission to the hospital, and the importance of time in the lives of the young adults with SCD. Young adults with SCD need additional support from family and healthcare providers in order to make timely, appropriate decisions regarding care seeking.
Marine water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia: Pontarachnidae) from the Red Sea, with description of one new species
Creators: name: PESIC, Vladimir
name: CHATTERJEE, Tapas
name: AHMED ABADA, Ahmed EI-Sayed
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2008

description: Pontarachna arabica, a new species of the predominantly marine water mite family Pontarachnidae (Acari : Hydrachnidia) is described from the Red Sea (Saudi Arabia). First descriptions of the female and deutonymph are given for Litarachna smiti Pesié, Chattetjee & Ahmed Abada, 2008.
Plankton taxonomy in the computer age
Creators: name: JOUENNE, Fabien
name: PROBERT, Ian
name: VAULOT, Daniel
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2008

description: Preservation ofbiodiversity starts with knowledge and cataloguing ofbiodiversity, i.e. taxonomy. In this context, numerous web-based projects have developed over the last fifteen years, se veral with the ambitious ai rn of listing al! living organisms described to date. Individuallists have been progressive! y incorporated into federative projects, such as Species 2000, the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), or more recently the Encyclopedia of Life. We illustrate these changes by reviewing existing on line resources and presenting in sorne detail Plankton*Net, an interactive website dedicated to the taxonomy and images of plankton. We then provide sorne perspectives on the possible evolution of the links between taxonomy and the Internet.
Supplementary material from What is stirring in the reservoir? Modelling mechanisms of henipavirus circulation in fruit bat hosts.
Creators: name: Glennon, Emma E.
name: Becker, Daniel J.
name: Peel, Alison J.
name: Garnier, Romain
name: Suu-Ire, Richard D.
name: Gibson, Louise
name: Hayman, David T. S.
name: Wood, James L. N.
name: Cunningham, Andrew A.
name: Plowright, Raina K.
name: Restif, Olivier
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Pathogen circulation among reservoir hosts is a precondition for zoonotic spillover. Unlike the acute, high morbidity infections typical in spillover hosts, infected reservoir hosts often exhibit low morbidity and mortality. Although it has been proposed that reservoir host infections may be persistent with recurrent episodes of shedding, direct evidence is often lacking. We construct a generalized SEIR (susceptible, exposed, infectious, recovered) framework encompassing 46 sub-models representing the full range of possible transitions among those four states of infection and immunity. We then use likelihood-based methods to fit these models to nine years of longitudinal data on henipavirus serology from a captive colony of Eidolon helvum bats in Ghana. We find that reinfection is necessary to explain observed dynamics; that acute infectious periods may be very short (hours to days); that immunity, if present, lasts about 1–2 years; and that recurring latent infection is likely. Although quantitative inference is sensitive to assumptions about serology, qualitative predictions are robust. Our novel approach helps clarify mechanisms of viral persistence and circulation in wild bats, including estimated ranges for key parameters such as the basic reproduction number and the duration of the infectious period. Our results inform how future field-based and experimental work could differentiate the processes of viral recurrence and reinfection in reservoir hosts.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Dynamic and integrative approaches to understanding pathogen spillover’.
Unveiling the nature of the gamma-ray emitting AGN PKS 0521-36
Creators: name: D'Ammando, F.
name: Orienti, M.
name: Tavecchio, F.
name: Ghisellini, G.
name: Torresi, E.
name: Giroletti, M.
name: Raiteri, C. M.
name: Grandi, P.
name: Aller, M.
name: Aller, H.
name: Gurwell, M. A.
name: Malaguti, G.
name: Pian, E.
name: Tosti, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: PKS 0521-36 is an Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN) with uncertain classification. We investigate the properties of this source from radio to gamma rays. The broad emission lines in the optical and UV bands and steep radio spectrum indicate a possible classification as an intermediate object between broad-line radio galaxies (BLRG) and steep spectrum radio quasars (SSRQ). On pc-scales PKS 0521-36 shows a knotty structure similar to misaligned AGN. The core dominance and the gamma-ray properties are similar to those estimated for other SSRQ and BLRG detected in gamma rays, suggesting an intermediate viewing angle with respect to the observer. In this context the flaring activity detected from this source by Fermi-LAT between 2010 June and 2012 February is very intriguing. We discuss the gamma-ray emission of this source in the framework of the structured jet scenario, comparing the spectral energy distribution (SED) of the flaring state in 2010 June with that of a low state. We present three alternative models corresponding to three different choices of the viewing angles theta_v = 6, 15, and 20 deg. We obtain a good fit for the the first two cases, but the SED obtained with theta_v = 15 deg if observed at a small angle does not resemble that of a typical blazar since the synchrotron emission should dominate by a large factor (about 100) the inverse Compton component. This suggests that a viewing angle between 6 and 15 deg is preferred, with the rapid variability observed during gamma-ray flares favouring a smaller angle. However, we cannot rule out that PKS 0521-36 is the misaligned counterpart of a synchrotron-dominated blazar.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures, 8 tables. Accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Additional file 1 of Escherichia coli from urine samples of pregnant women as an indicator for antimicrobial resistance in the community: a field study from rural Burkina Faso
Creators: name: Post, Annelies S.
name: Guiraud, I.
name: Peeters, M.
name: Lompo, P.
name: Ombelet, S.
name: Karama, I.
name: Yougbaré, S.
name: Garba, Z.
name: Rouamba, E.
name: Tinto, H.
name: Jacobs, Jan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Table S1. Overview of demographic data of unique study participants. Table S2. Antibiotic resistance among other significant growth obtained from urine samples of healthy pregnant women. Table S3. Breakdown of leukocyte esterase and nitrite in relation to significant- and not clinically significant growth.
Nurses' Attitudes Toward Patients with Sickle Cell Disease: A Worksite Comparison
Creators: name: Pierre-Louis, Bosny J.
name: Jenerette, Coretta M.
name: Matthie, Nadine
name: Girardeau, Yasmeen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD) have reported being stigmatized when they seek care for pain. Nurse attitudes contribute to stigmatization and may affect patients' response to sickle cell cues, care-seeking, and ultimately patient outcomes.
ÉTUDE DE QUELQUES SUBSTANCES FLUORESCENTES PRÉSENTES DANS UN LOT DE PLANCTON MARIN NATUREL COMPOSÉ DE COPÊPODES. - IDENTIFICATION DE L'ÉRYTHROPTÉRINE, DE LA DROSOPTÉRINE,
Creators: name: MOMZIKOFF, André
name: LEGRAND, Jean-Marie
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1973

description: Study of some fluorescent substances present in a natural plankton sample of Copepods. Identification of erythropterin, drosopterin, isodrosopterin and neodrosopterin.
Erythropterin which is the most prevalent was identified by its degradation product, by U.V. spectrum, electrophoresis and chromatography. The three drosopterins, present in smaller amounts, were identified by chromatography.
Some of these pterins may have taken part in the formation of the red colour of this plankton.
Supplementary material from What is stirring in the reservoir? Modelling mechanisms of henipavirus circulation in fruit bat hosts
Creators: name: Glennon, Emma E.
name: Becker, Daniel J.
name: Peel, Alison J.
name: Garnier, Romain
name: Suu-Ire, Richard D.
name: Gibson, Louise
name: Hayman, David T. S.
name: Wood, James L. N.
name: Cunningham, Andrew A.
name: Plowright, Raina K.
name: Restif, Olivier
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Pathogen circulation among reservoir hosts is a precondition for zoonotic spillover. Unlike the acute, high morbidity infections typical in spillover hosts, infected reservoir hosts often exhibit low morbidity and mortality. Although it has been proposed that reservoir host infections may be persistent with recurrent episodes of shedding, direct evidence is often lacking. We construct a generalized SEIR (susceptible, exposed, infectious, recovered) framework encompassing 46 sub-models representing the full range of possible transitions among those four states of infection and immunity. We then use likelihood-based methods to fit these models to nine years of longitudinal data on henipavirus serology from a captive colony of Eidolon helvum bats in Ghana. We find that reinfection is necessary to explain observed dynamics; that acute infectious periods may be very short (hours to days); that immunity, if present, lasts about 1–2 years; and that recurring latent infection is likely. Although quantitative inference is sensitive to assumptions about serology, qualitative predictions are robust. Our novel approach helps clarify mechanisms of viral persistence and circulation in wild bats, including estimated ranges for key parameters such as the basic reproduction number and the duration of the infectious period. Our results inform how future field-based and experimental work could differentiate the processes of viral recurrence and reinfection in reservoir hosts.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Dynamic and integrative approaches to understanding pathogen spillover’.
Role of Self-Care in Sickle Cell Disease
Creators: name: Jenerette, Coretta
name: McMillan, Susan
name: Matthie, Nadine
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Self-care is an important aspect of managing a chronic disease. In sickle cell disease (SCD), home self-care contributes to individual pain management and thus pain crisis prevention. A better understanding of self-care can help health care providers equip patients with the resources and skills necessary to participate in their disease management.
Asymptotically hyperbolic normalized Ricci flow and rotational symmetry
Creators: name: Bahuaud, Eric
name: Woolgar, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53C44, 53C80

description: We consider the normalized Ricci flow evolving from an initial metric which is conformally compactifiable and asymptotically hyperbolic. We show that there is a unique evolving metric which remains in this class, and that the flow exists up to the time where the norm of the Riemann tensor diverges. Restricting to initial metrics which belong to this class and are rotationally symmetric, we prove that if the sectional curvature in planes tangent to the orbits of symmetry is initially nonpositive, the flow starting from such an initial metric exists for all time. Moreover, if the sectional curvature in planes tangent to these orbits is initially negative, the flow converges at an exponential rate to standard hyperbolic space. This restriction on sectional curvature automatically rules out initial data admitting a minimal hypersphere.
description: 28 pages, replaced one-word error in two locations on page 4
Cliona microstrongylata, a new species of boring sponge from the Sea of Cortés (Pacific Ocean, México)
Creators: name: CARBALLO, José Luis
name: CRUZ-BARRAZA, José Antonio
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2005

description: A new species of excavating sponge of the family Clionaidae, Cliona microstrongylata sp. nov. was found in
 detritic bottoms from the Sea of Cortes at 26 m depth. The type grows in alpha stage boring a dead bivalve shell. It pres-
 ents very small orange-red papillae (from 150 to 850 µm in diameter), which are regularly distributed on the surface of the
 shell. They are level with the surface of the substratum and don't fuse. The boring activity of the species produces a net-
 work of reticulate spherical-ovoid or quadrangulate chambers with the longer axis from 1.6 to 2.6 mm in length. Tylostyles
 are thin or ensiform (shaft thicker in central part). Reduced tylostrongyles occasionally appear. However, the most notable
 characteristic of the new species is the presence of unusual oval and curved bean-like microstrongyles, which are unique
 in the genus Cliona so far. Eggs from 70 to 90 µm in diameter were present in different parts of the choanosome. After the
 present study, the number of boring species along the Mexican Pacific coast has increased to 15 species.
Neurosteroids and Self-Reported Pain in Veterans Who Served in the U.S. Military after September 11, 2001
Creators: name: Payne, Victoria M.
name: Youssef, Nagy A.
name: Naylor, Jennifer C.
name: Morey, Rajendra A.
name: Strauss, Jennifer L.
name: Parke, Gillian
name: Massing, Mark W.
name: Tupler, Larry A.
name: Keefe, Francis J.
name: Hamer, Robert M.
name: Marx, Christine E.
name: Shampine, Lawrence J.
name: Kilts, Jason D.
name: Calnaido, Rohana P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Nearly half of Operation Enduring Freedom / Operation Iraqi Freedom (OEF/OIF) veterans experience continued pain post-deployment. Several investigations report analgesic effects of allopregnanolone and other neurosteroids in animal models, but few data are currently available focusing on neurosteroids in clinical populations. Allopregnanolone positively modulates GABAA receptors and demonstrates pronounced analgesic and anxiolytic effects in rodents, yet studies examining the relationship between pain and allopregnanolone in humans are limited. We thus hypothesized that endogenous allopregnanolone and other neurosteroid levels may be negatively correlated with self-reported pain symptoms in humans.
Supplement information from Understanding the emergence of bacterial pathogens in novel hosts.
Creators: name: Bonneaud, Camille
name: Weinert, Lucy A.
name: Kuijper, Bram
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Our understanding of the ecological and evolutionary context of novel infections is largely based on viral diseases, even though bacterial pathogens may display key differences in the processes underlying their emergence. For instance, host-shift speciation, in which the jump of a pathogen into a novel host species is followed by the specialization on that host and the loss of infectivity of previous host(s), is commonly observed in viruses, but less often in bacteria. Here, we suggest that the extent to which pathogens evolve host generalism or specialism following a jump into a novel host will depend on their level of adaptation to dealing with different environments, their rates of molecular evolution and their ability to recombine. We then explore these hypotheses using a formal model and show that the high levels of phenotypic plasticity, low rates of evolution and the ability to recombine typical of bacterial pathogens should reduce their propensity to specialize on novel hosts. Novel bacterial infections may therefore be more likely to result in transient spillovers or increased host ranges than in host shifts. Finally, consistent with our predictions, we show that, in two unusual cases of contemporary bacterial host shifts, the bacterial pathogens both have small genomes and rapid rates of substitution. Further tests are required across a greater number of emerging pathogens to assess the validity of our hypotheses.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Dynamic and integrative approaches to understanding pathogen spillover’.
Low density phases in a uniformly charged liquid
Creators: name: Knuepfer, Hans
name: Muratov, Cyrill
name: Novaga, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper is concerned with the macroscopic behavior of global energy minimizers in the three-dimensional sharp interface unscreened Ohta-Kawasaki model of diblock copolymer melts. This model is also referred to as the nuclear liquid drop model in the studies of the structure of highly compressed nuclear matter found in the crust of neutron stars, and, more broadly, is a paradigm for energy-driven pattern forming systems in which spatial order arises as a result of the competition of short-range attractive and long-range repulsive forces. Here we investigate the large volume behavior of minimizers in the low volume fraction regime, in which one expects the formation of a periodic lattice of small droplets of the minority phase in a sea of the majority phase. Under periodic boundary conditions, we prove that the considered energy $Γ$-converges to an energy functional of the limit "homogenized" measure associated with the minority phase consisting of a local linear term and a non-local quadratic term mediated by the Coulomb kernel. As a consequence, asymptotically the mass of the minority phase in a minimizer spreads uniformly across the domain. Similarly, the energy spreads uniformly across the domain as well, with the limit energy density minimizing the energy of a single droplets per unit volume. Finally, we prove that in the macroscopic limit the connected components of the minimizers have volumes and diameters that are bounded above and below by universal constants, and that most of them converge to the minimizers of the energy divided by volume for the whole space problem.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1304.4318 by other authors
Additional file 1 of Considering health literacy in cardiovascular disease management: a qualitative study on healthcare professionals’ and patients’ perspectives
Creators: name: Perrin, Adèle
name: Damiolini, Eléonore
name: Schott, Anne-Marie
name: Zermati, Jéremy
name: Bravant, Estelle
name: Delahaye, François
name: Dima, Alexandra L.
name: Haesebaert, Julie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Contrasting Galaxy Formation from Quantum Wave Dark Matter, $ψ$DM, with $Λ$CDM, using Planck and Hubble Data
Creators: name: Schive, Hsi-Yu
name: Chiueh, Tzihong
name: Broadhurst, Tom
name: Huang, Kuan-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The newly established luminosity functions of high-z galaxies at $4 \lesssim z \lesssim 10$ can provide a stringent check on dark matter models that aim to explain the core properties of dwarf galaxies. The cores of dwarf spheroidal galaxies are understood to be too large to be accounted for by free streaming of warm dark matter without overly suppressing the formation of such galaxies. Here we demonstrate with cosmological simulations that wave dark matter, $ψ$DM, appropriate for light bosons such as axions, does not suffer this problem, given a boson mass of $m_ψ \ge 1.2 \times 10^{-22}{\,\rm eV}$ ($2σ$). In this case, the halo mass function is suppressed below $\sim 10^{10}{\,M_\odot}$ at a level that is consistent with the high-z luminosity functions, while simultaneously generating the kpc-scale cores in dwarf galaxies arising from the solitonic ground state in $ψ$DM. We demonstrate that the reionization history in this scenario is consistent with the Thomson optical depth recently reported by Planck, assuming a reasonable ionizing photon production rate. We predict that the luminosity function should turn over slowly around an intrinsic UV luminosity of $M_{\rm UV} \gtrsim -16$ at $z \gtrsim 4$. We also show that for galaxies magnified $\mathord{>}10\times$ in the Hubble Frontier Fields, $ψ$DM predicts an order of magnitude fewer detections than cold dark matter at $z \gtrsim 10$ down to $M_{\rm UV} \sim -15$, allowing us to distinguish between these very different interpretations for the observed coldness of dark matter.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures, 2 tables. Correcting minor typos. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Supplement information from Understanding the emergence of bacterial pathogens in novel hosts
Creators: name: Bonneaud, Camille
name: Weinert, Lucy A.
name: Kuijper, Bram
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Our understanding of the ecological and evolutionary context of novel infections is largely based on viral diseases, even though bacterial pathogens may display key differences in the processes underlying their emergence. For instance, host-shift speciation, in which the jump of a pathogen into a novel host species is followed by the specialization on that host and the loss of infectivity of previous host(s), is commonly observed in viruses, but less often in bacteria. Here, we suggest that adaptation to dealing with different environments, rates of molecular evolution and recombination may influence the extent to which pathogens evolve host generalism or specialism following a jump into a novel host. We then test these hypotheses using a formal model and show that the high levels of phenotypic plasticity, low rates of evolution and the ability to recombine typical of bacterial pathogens should reduce their propensity to specialize on novel host. Novel bacterial infections may therefore be more likely to result in transient spillovers or increased host ranges than in host shifts. Finally, consistent with our predictions, we show that, in two unusual cases of contemporary bacterial host shifts, the bacterial pathogens both have small genomes and rapid rates of substitution. Further tests are required across a greater number of emerging pathogens to assess the validity of our predictions.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Dynamic and integrative approaches to understanding pathogen spillover’.
Pain and Psychological Well-Being Among People with Dementia in Long-Term Care
Creators: name: Mcconnell, Eleanor S.
name: Algase, Donna L.
name: Knafl, George J.
name: Lee, Kyung Hee
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: To examine the relationship between self-reported pain and psychological well-being of people with dementia (PWD) living in residential long-term care as indicated by displays of observed emotional expression over the daytime period.
GÉNÉTIQUE DES POPULATIONS DE SPHAEROMA SERRATUM (F.). X. - Étude des populations de la Loire-Atlantique (Baie de Bourgneuf)
Creators: name: BOCQUET, Charles
name: LEJUEZ, Robert
name: REZIG, Mohamed
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1973

description: ResearchesonthegeneticsofthenaturalpopulationsofSphaeroma serratum have been pursued on the atlantic coasts of France. On the coasts of Loire- Atlantique (Baie de Bourgneuf), 11 representative samples, including 10,820 individuals, have been gathered.The studied populations show normal frequencies of albicans, discretum and lunulatum. But ornatum, signatum and “red” (rubrum andaurantiacum),as farasthey are present, have so low frequencies that they may be considered as incidental.
Automating the Generation of Goal-Oriented Dialogue Managers for Healthcare
Creators: name: Santos Teixeira, Milene
Publisher: name: Università degli studi di Trento
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: dialogue management; automated planning; ontology; healthcare; information management
subject: dialogue management
subject: automated planning
subject: ontology
subject: healthcare
subject: information management

description: Conversational agents can benefit healthcare across different application domains. However, the automated generation of reliable agents is still challenging and lags behind traditional conversational domains. This research exploited the interplay of information management and automated planning to efficiently model the expected behavior of goal-oriented health dialogues. The proposed approach supports the dynamic generation of predictable policies that are used for the management of the health dialogue as well as the identification of the dialogue state. This work advances the state of the art in health dialogue management by automating the generation (and update) of efficient dialogue managers with a reduced cost since they do not require handcrafting of the dialogue policy or large conversational datasets.
Racial Disparities Across Provider Specialties in Opioid Prescriptions Dispensed to Medicaid Beneficiaries with Chronic Noncancer Pain
Creators: name: Skinner, Asheley Cockrell
name: Roberts, Andrew W.
name: Ringwalt, Chris
name: Gugelmann, Hallam
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Chronic pain affects both psychological and physical functioning, and is responsible for more than $60 billion in lost productivity annually in the United States. Although previous studies have demonstrated racial disparities in opioid treatment, there is little evidence regarding disparities in treatment of chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) and the role of physician specialty.
Prevalence of Opioid Dispensings and Concurrent Gastrointestinal Medications in Quebec
Creators: name: Levine, Kristen B.
name: Sweeney, Carolyn T.
name: Duncan, Ashlee W.
name: Williams, Rachel E.
name: Brogan, Michael
name: Bosnic, Nevzeta
name: Cook, Suzanne F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: BACKGROUND: Opioids are frequently prescribed for moderate to severe pain. A side effect of opioid usage is the inhibition of gastrointestinal (GI) motility, known as opioid-induced bowel dysfunction (OBD). OBD is typically treated prophylactically with laxatives and/or acid suppressants.
KADoNiS-$p$: The astrophysical $p$-process database
Creators: name: Szücs, T.
name: Dillmann, I.
name: Plag, R.
name: Fülöp, Zs.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The KADoNiS-$p$ project is an online database for cross sections relevant to the $p$-process. All existing experimental data was collected and reviewed. With this contribution a user-friendly database using the KADoNiS (Karlsruhe Astrophysical Database of Nucleosynthesis in Stars) framework is launched, including all available experimental data from (p,$γ$), (p,n), (p,$α$), ($α$,$γ$), ($α$,n) and ($α$,p) reactions in or close to the respective Gamow window with cut-off date of August 2012 (www.kadonis.org/pprocess).
description: Proceedings Nuclear Data Conference 2013, published in Nuclear Data Sheets 120 (2014) 191
Differential Prescribing of Opioid Analgesics According to Physician Specialty for Medicaid Patients with Chronic Noncancer Pain Diagnoses
Creators: name: Ringwalt, Chris
name: Gugelmann, Hallam
name: Garrettson, Mariana
name: Dasgupta, Nabarun
name: Proescholdbell, Scott K.
name: Skinner, Asheley Cockrell
name: Chung, Arlene E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: BACKGROUND: Despite >20 years of studies investigating the characteristics of patients seeking or receiving opioid analgesics, research characterizing factors associated with physicians’ opioid prescribing practices has been inconclusive, and the role of practitioner specialty in opioid prescribing practices remains largely unknown.
Disconnect between emergency contacts and surrogate decision-makers in the absence of advance directives
Creators: name: Song, Mi Kyung
name: Ward, Sandra E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The role played by emergency contacts can be extensive particularly for chronically seriously ill patients. If the patient's condition suddenly deteriorates, the emergency contact may be asked to make decisions that should instead fall to a designated surrogate decision-maker.
Supplementary information for: "How smooth is a dolphin? The ridged skin of odontocetes".
Creators: name: Wainwright, Dylan K.
name: Fish, Frank E.
name: Ingersoll, Sam
name: Williams, Terrie M.
name: Leger, Judy St.
name: Smits, Alexander J.
name: Lauder, George V.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Includes supplementary text and figures to further explain methodology, as well as supplementary figures and tables of profilometry data for each species.
LEADER 3—Lipase and Amylase Activity in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes: Baseline Data From Over 9000 Subjects in the LEADER Trial
Creators: name: Steinberg, William M.
name: Nauck, Michael A.
name: Moses, Alan C.
name: Baeres, Florian M.M.
name: Daniels, Gilbert H.
name: Stockner, Mette
name: Zinman, Bernard
name: Ravn, Lasse Steen
name: Marso, Steven P.
name: Bergenstal, Richard M.
name: Mann, Johannes F.E.
name: Buse, John B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: OBJECTIVES: This report from the LEADER (Liraglutide Effect and Action in Diabetes: Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcome Results) trial describes baseline lipase and amylase activity in type 2 diabetic subjects without acute pancreatitis symptoms before randomization to the glucagonlike peptide analog liraglutide or placebo.

METHODS: The LEADER is an international randomized placebo-controlled trial evaluating the cardiovascular safety of liraglutide in 9340 type 2 diabetic patients at high cardiovascular risk. Fasting lipase and amylase activity was assessed at baseline, before receiving liraglutide or placebo, using a commercial assay (Roche) with upper limit of normal values of 63 U/L for lipase and 100 U/L for amylase.

RESULTS: Either or both enzymes were above the upper limit of normal in 22.7% of subjects; 16.6% (n = 1540) had an elevated lipase level (including 1.2% >3-fold elevated), and 11.8% (n = 1094) had an elevated amylase level (including 0.2% >3-fold elevated). In multivariable regression models, severely reduced kidney function was associated with the largest effect on increasing activity of both. However, even among subjects with normal kidney function, 12.2% and 7.7% had elevated lipase and amylase levels.

CONCLUSIONS: In this large study of type 2 diabetic patients, nearly 25% had elevated lipase or amylase levels without symptoms of acute pancreatitis. The clinician must take these data into account when evaluating abdominal symptoms in type 2 diabetic patients.
Additional file 2 of Dried blood spot is the feasible matrix for detection of some but not all hepatitis B virus markers of infection
Creators: name: Kikuchi, Minami
name: Lindstrom, Patrick
name: Tejada-Strop, Alexandra
name: Mixson-Hayden, Tonya
name: Kamili, Saleem
name: Sawabe, Motoji
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Primers and probes of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA test and sequencing.
Performance of two different quantum annealing correction codes
Creators: name: Mishra, Anurag
name: Albash, Tameem
name: Lidar, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum annealing is a promising approach for solving optimization problems, but like all other quantum information processing methods, it requires error correction to ensure scalability. In this work we experimentally compare two quantum annealing correction codes in the setting of antiferromagnetic chains, using two different quantum annealing processors. The lower temperature processor gives rise to higher success probabilities. The two codes differ in a number of interesting and important ways, but both require four physical qubits per encoded qubit. We find significant performance differences, which we explain in terms of the effective energy boost provided by the respective redundantly encoded logical operators of the two codes. The code with the higher energy boost results in improved performance, at the expense of a lower degree encoded graph. Therefore, we find that there exists an important tradeoff between encoded connectivity and performance for quantum annealing correction codes.
description: 6 pages main text, 1 page appendix, 23 figures. v2 - Updated manuscript to match published version
Cumulative Social Risk, Parenting, and Infant Development in Rural Low-Income Communities
Creators: name: Burchinal, Margaret
name: Vernon-Feagans, Lynne
name: Cox, Martha
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The extent to which the severity of exposure to social risk is related to parenting and cognitive development in the first 15 months of an infant's life was studied in a representative diverse sample of families in two rural poor regions in the United States.
CONTRIBUTION A L'ÉTUDE DE LA BIOLOGIE DE DONAX TRUNCULUS L. (MOLLUSQUES LAMELLIBRANCHES) DANS L'ALGÉROIS : LA REPRODUCTION
Creators: name: MOUËZA, Marcel
name: FRENLTIEL-RENAULT, Liliane
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1973

description: Aftera preliminary note on the sexuality of Donax trunculus L. (Mouëza and Renault 1970), the authors analyse its reproduction in its benthic stages over a period of twenty months at Azur-Plage in the Bay of Bou Ismaïl. This leads them to describe its genita lducts,to ascertain the period of sexual activity of the gonads and to examine the action of physical factors (temperature and salinity).
The detailed study of sex ratio leads them to presume a higher mortality quota among females than among males, which is in opposition with the general rule with Molluscs.
Lastly, the settlement of spat is very heavy, between four and six months after spending the ripe gonads; this impels the authors to investigate the duration of larval life and to express a hypothesis which will be the basis of a later work on the planctonic life of D. trunculus.
Early Environmental Correlates of Maternal Emotion Talk
Creators: name: Vernon-Feagans, Lynne
name: Garrett-Peters, Patricia
name: Mills-Koonce, Roger
name: Cox, Martha
name: Adkins, Daniel
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The primary goal of this study was to examine contextual, child, and maternal factors that are associated with mothers’ early emotion talk in an ethnically diverse, low-income sample.
LoCuSS: The slow quenching of star formation in cluster galaxies and the need for pre-processing
Creators: name: Haines, C. P.
name: Pereira, M. J.
name: Smith, G. P.
name: Egami, E.
name: Babul, A.
name: Finoguenov, A.
name: Ziparo, F.
name: McGee, S. L.
name: Rawle, T. D.
name: Okabe, N.
name: Moran, S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the spatial distribution and kinematics of star-forming galaxies in 30 massive clusters at 0.15
description: 22 pages, 23 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
TROIS MÉDUSES NOUVELLES OU PEU CONNUES DES CÔTES FRANÇAISES : MAEOTIAS INEXSPECTATA OSTROOUMOV, 1896, BLACKFORDIA VIRGINICA  MAYER, 1910, NEMOPSIS BACHEl AGASSIZ, 1849
Creators: name: DENAYER, Jean-Claude
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1973

description: Occurrence of three new medusae in Loire estuary in 1971.
Maeotias inexspectata mentioned from Sea of Azov and Black Sea Blackfordia virginica from Caspian Sea, Black Sea, Chesapeake Bay and Ganges estuary
Nemopsis bachei, east coast of U.S.A., northern Europe (Zuiderzee, Elbe and Weser estuaries), Gironde in France. This last specie is known in Loire since 1968.
Supplementary information for: "How smooth is a dolphin? The ridged skin of odontocetes"
Creators: name: Wainwright, Dylan K.
name: Fish, Frank E.
name: Ingersoll, Sam
name: Williams, Terrie M.
name: Leger, Judy St.
name: Smits, Alexander J.
name: Lauder, George V.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Includes supplementary text and figures to further explain methodology, as well as supplementary figures and tables of profilometry data for each species.