cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Life Cycle Assessment for Photovoltaics: Update Within Ecoinvent Data v2.0
Creators: name: Jungbluth, N.
name: Frischknecht, R.
name: Tuchschmid, M.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: PV Deployment
PV as Enabling Technology

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 3688-3694
description: This paper describes the update and extension of the life cycle assessment (LCA) of photovoltaic (PV) power plants in the ecoinvent database v2.01. Sixteen different, grid-connected photovoltaic systems were studied for the situation in Switzerland in the year 2005. They are manufactured as panels or laminates, from silicon or thin-films, installed on façades, slanted or flat roofs, and have 3kWp capacity. Furthermore average photovoltaic production mix data have been investigated for more than 20 countries. The process data include the full process chain of panel and laminate production, mounting structure, 30 years operation and dismantling. The ecoinvent data v1.0 have been updated with information from new research projects and manufacturer data. An evaluation of region specific energy pay-back times as well as CO2 and nuclear waste mitigation potentials highlights the region specific differences. The presented life cycle inventories of photovoltaic power plants are representative for systems mounted in Switzerland in the year 2005. The very detailed and transparently reported ecoinvent data v2.0 forms a good basis for assessments of the use of photovoltaics related to this reference year. Due to dynamic developments in the photovoltaics market, continuous update is crucial.
Licensing Strategies for PV Technology: Maximize Your Investment
Creators: name: Chang, E.L.
name: Lee, D.D.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: PV Deployment
PV Markets

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 3758-3762
description: New photovoltaic technology is being developed at a rapid pace around the world. Large sums of money are being invested in developing innovative photovoltaic technology and obtaining patent protection. However, patents, more than most other assets, require close management to maximize their potential value. A company’s licensing strategy must be integrated with its marketing strategy to maximize the return on its technology investment. A patent itself has no intrinsic value – it is simply a right to exclude others that derives value through its interaction with the market and the company’s
business. In this paper, we will discuss basic patent licensing strategies, and how they apply to the current PV market. Please note that these are very complex topics – we encourage anyone with questions to contact the authors.
Quantum dots and their immunochemical applications
Creators: name: Malik, Alicja
name: Kurczewski, Michał
name: Majak, Iwona
Publisher: name: Biotechnology and Food Science
Year: 2016

description: Abstract: Quantum dots (QDs) are nanometre size semiconductor crystals which possess unique physical and chemical properties. In recent years they were widely used as signal enhancers in biological analysis, mainly because of their high quantum yield, photostability and long-lasting photoluminescence. Compared to common organic fluorophores QDs exhibit wider absorption spectra (QDs absorb photons when excitation energy exceeds the bandgap), narrow emission wavelengths and high Stoke’s shift which allow usage of several different-coloured QDs in single multiplex assays. QDs’ synthesis can be conducted by top-down or bottom-up approach. Both methods of synthesis may lead to surface imperfections which may negatively affect QDs’ optical properties. To avoid this problem surface passivation is required. The most widely used passivation method is to cover the QD’s core with material having larger band gap (ZnS). QDs can be widely used in different applications due to the ease of surface functionalization by means of organic and inorganic molecules (polymers, dendrimers, proteins, antibodies and etc.) by many different approaches like ligand-exchange, silanization, amphiphilic combination and other mechanisms. Functionalized QDs have been used for various purposes in in-vitro and in-vivo imaging, drug delivery, therapeutics and other. However this review is mainly focused on immunochemical applications of QDs such as immunohistochemistry, FLISA, FRET, immunosensors etc. QD-based immunological assays are being used for detection of pathogens, toxins, proteins, metal ions (Hg2+) and allergens. Based on growing rate of QDs’ applications it can be concluded that in the coming years their number is going to increase.
description: Biotechnology and Food Science, Tom 80 Nr 2 (2016): Biotechnology and Food Science
The Spectacular Radio-Near-IR-X-ray Jet of 3C 111: X-ray Emission Mechanism and Jet Kinematics
Creators: name: Clautice, Devon
name: Perlman, Eric S.
name: Georganopoulos, Markos
name: Lister, Matthew L.
name: Tombesi, Francesco
name: Cara, Mihai
name: Marshall, Herman L.
name: Hogan, Brandon
name: Kazanas, Demos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relativistic jets are the most energetic manifestation of the active galactic nucleus (AGN) phenomenon. AGN jets are observed from the radio through gamma-rays and carry copious amounts of matter and energy from the sub-parsec central regions out to the kiloparsec and often megaparsec scale galaxy and cluster environs. While most spatially resolved jets are seen in the radio, an increasing number have been discovered to emit in the optical/near-IR and/or X-ray bands. Here we discuss a spectacular example of this class, the 3C 111 jet, housed in one of the nearest, double-lobed FR II radio galaxies known. We discuss new, deep Chandra and HST observations that reveal both near-IR and X-ray emission from several components of the 3C 111 jet, as well as both the northern and southern hotspots. Important differences are seen between the morphologies in the radio, X-ray and near-IR bands. The long (over 100 kpc on each side), straight nature of this jet makes it an excellent prototype for future, deep observations, as it is one of the longest such features seen in the radio, near-IR/optical and X-ray bands. Several independent lines of evidence, including the X-ray and broadband spectral shape as well as the implied velocity of the approaching hotspot, lead us to strongly disfavor the EC/CMB model and instead favor a two-component synchrotron model to explain the observed X-ray emission for several jet components. Future observations with NuSTAR, HST, and Chandra will allow us to further constrain the emission mechanisms.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, ApJ, in press
Characterizing Electron Flow through Catechol-Graphene Composite Hydrogels
Creators: name: Kim, Eunkyoung
name: Argenziano, Rita
name: Zhao, Zhiling
name: Chen, Chen-Yu
name: Shen, Margaret
name: Bentley, William E.
name: Napolitano, Alessandra
name: Payne, Gregory F.
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2022
Subjects: catechols
charge storage
chitosan
electrofabrication
graphene
molecular memory
redox

description: Electronic materials that allow the controlled flow of electrons in aqueous media are required for emerging applications that require biocompatibility, safety, and/or sustainability. Here, a composite hydrogel film composed of graphene and catechol is electrofabricated, and that this composite offers synergistic properties is reported. Graphene confers metal-like conductivity and enables charge-storage through an electrical double layer mechanism. Catechol confers redox-activity and enables charge-storage through a redox mechanism. Importantly, there are two functional populations of catechols: conducting-catechols (presumably in intimate contact with graphene) allow direct electron-transfer; and non-conducting-catechols (presumably physically separated from graphene) require diffusible mediators to enable electron-transfer. Using a variety of spectroelectrochemical measurements, that the capacity of the composite for charge-storage increases in proportion to the extent by which the catechol-groups can undergo redox-state switching is demonstrated. To illustrate the broad relevance of this work, how the redox-state switching can be related to both the charge storage of energy materials and the memory of molecular electronic materials is discussed. The authors believe this work is significant because it demonstrates that: conducting and redox-active components enable distinctly different mechanisms for charge-storage and electron-transfer; these components act synergistically; and mediators provide unique opportunities to extend the capabilities of electronic materials.
Lattice Quantum Gravity and Asymptotic Safety
Creators: name: Laiho, J.
name: Bassler, S.
name: Coumbe, D.
name: Du, D.
name: Neelakanta, J. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the nonperturbative formulation of quantum gravity defined via Euclidean dynamical triangulations (EDT) in an attempt to make contact with Weinberg's asymptotic safety scenario. We find that a fine-tuning is necessary in order to recover semiclassical behavior. Such a fine-tuning is generally associated with the breaking of a target symmetry by the lattice regulator; in this case we argue that the target symmetry is the general coordinate invariance of the theory. After introducing and fine-tuning a nontrivial local measure term, we find no barrier to taking a continuum limit, and we find evidence that four-dimensional, semiclassical geometries are recovered at long distance scales in the continuum limit. We also find that the spectral dimension at short distance scales is consistent with 3/2, a value that could resolve the tension between asymptotic safety and the holographic entropy scaling of black holes. We argue that the number of relevant couplings in the continuum theory is one, once symmetry breaking by the lattice regulator is accounted for. Such a theory is maximally predictive, with no adjustable parameters. The cosmological constant in Planck units is the only relevant parameter, which serves to set the lattice scale. The cosmological constant in Planck units is of order 1 in the ultraviolet and undergoes renormalization group running to small values in the infrared. If these findings hold up under further scrutiny, the lattice may provide a nonperturbative definition of a renormalizable quantum field theory of general relativity with no adjustable parameters and a cosmological constant that is naturally small in the infrared.
description: 69 pages, 25 figures. Revised discussion of target symmetry throughout paper. Numerical results unchanged and main conclusions largely unchanged. Added references and corrected typos. Conforms with version published in Phys. Rev. D
Improvement of Solar Cell Efficiency by Erbium Doping Methods
Creators: name: Díaz-Herrera, B.
name: González-Diaz, B.
name: Guerrero-Lemus, R.
name: Hernández-Rodríguez, C.
name: Méndez-Ramos, J.
name: Rodriguez, V.D.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
New Types of Cells and Modules

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 675-678
description: In this paper, two low cost erbium doping processes introduced by thermal diffusion on porous silicon stain etched are assessed. Surface evaluation was carried out by means of nitrogen BET (Brunauer, Emmet and Teller) and Scanning Electron microscopy and chemical composition was studied by means of Energy-Dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy. The photoluminescence of the samples was evaluated at the UV-VIS transitions. In order to enhance the efficiency of solar cells, the incorporation of such processes into production lines could be feasible.
Economic analysis for biogas plant working at sugar factory
Creators: name: Ogrodowczyk, Dominika
name: Olejnik, Tomasz
name: Kaźmierczak, Marta
name: Brzeziński, Stanisław
name: Baryga, Andrzej
Publisher: name: Biotechnology and Food Science
Year: 2016

description: Biogas is produced by the biological processes of anaerobic methane fermentation. It is a mixture of methane, carbon dioxide and trace amounts of other gases. By-products of the sugar industry are an efficient source of agricultural biogas. Sugar beet pulp and waste mass plant is characterized by a high content of dry matter and organic dry. The purpose of this article was to develop the economic analysis for biogas plant working at sugar factory and to show the energy balances and material and then calculated the main economic indicators such as Cash Flow (CF), Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and Discounted Payback Period (DPP). It was found that the biogas plant operating at a sugar factory can be a profitable investment and DPP amounted to 8 years. However, these results are estimates and in reality they may changed.
description: Biotechnology and Food Science, Tom 80 Nr 2 (2016): Biotechnology and Food Science
Optical and Structural Characterization of Silicon Quantum Dots Embedded in a Dielectric Matrix for "All Silicon" Tandem Solar Cells
Creators: name: Rezgui, B.
name: Nychyporuk, T.
name: Sibai, A.
name: Bellet, D.
name: Lemiti, M.
name: Bremond, G.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
New Types of Cells and Modules

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 696-699
description: “All-silicon” tandem solar cells based on band gap engineering is one of the promising approaches towards third generation silicon photovoltaic devices. One of the main possibilities is to engineer a mixed semiconductor materials based on silicon quantum dots in insulating matrix such as silicon nitride. The main challenge for a nanostructure engineering material is to achieve a high absorption coefficient as well as sufficient carrier mobility. This requires a good control of the size and density of silicon quantum dots into the dielectric matrix. In this work, silicon quantum dots in SiNx matrix were successfully fabricated by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition using silane and ammonia as reactant gases. Structural and physico-chemical properties were investigated by TEM and FTIR techniques. Initial results show the formation of amorphous silicon quantum dots. Room-temperature photoluminescence (PL) experiments were investigated on the as-deposited films. The PL signals are correlated to the evolution of the quantum dot size controlled by NH3/SiH4 ratio. Absorption spectroscopy was also employed to study the optical absorption properties of silicon quantum dots.
Rate-distance tradeoff and resource costs for all-optical quantum repeaters
Creators: name: Pant, Mihir
name: Krovi, Hari
name: Englund, Dirk
name: Guha, Saikat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a resource-performance tradeoff of an all-optical quantum repeater that uses photon sources, linear optics, photon detectors and classical feedforward at each repeater node, but no quantum memories. We show that the quantum-secure key rate has the form $R(η) = Dη^s$ bits per mode, where $η$ is the end-to-end channel's transmissivity, and the constants $D$ and $s$ are functions of various device inefficiencies and the resource constraint, such as the number of available photon sources at each repeater node. Even with lossy devices, we show that it is possible to attain $s < 1$, and in turn outperform the maximum key rate attainable without quantum repeaters, $R_{\rm direct}(η) = -\log_2(1-η) \approx (1/\ln 2)η$ bits per mode for $η\ll 1$, beyond a certain total range $L$, where $η\sim e^{-αL}$ in optical fiber. We also propose a suite of modifications to a recently-proposed all-optical repeater protocol that ours builds upon, which lower the number of photon sources required to create photonic clusters at the repeaters so as to outperform $R_{\rm direct}(η)$, from $\sim 10^{11}$ to $\sim 10^{6}$ photon sources per repeater node. We show that the optimum separation between repeater nodes is independent of the total range $L$, and is around $1.5$ km for assumptions we make on various device losses.
Ecotourism With Renewable Energy Systems in Protected Natural Areas in Bolivia
Creators: name: Camino-Villacorta, M.
name: Gámez, J.
name: Gutiérrez, I
name: Egido Aguilera, M.A.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: PV Systems
Off-grid Applications

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 3357-3360
description: This paper presents the result of the final evaluation of the international cooperation project “Development of the Ecotourism in Natural Protected Areas with Renewable Energy Systems”. The project has been carried out in two protected areas in Bolivia. The main objective of the project is to supply the tourism lodges with renewable energy systems (photovoltaic stand alone systems, solar thermal energy systems and efficient stoves), increasing the income of families living in such protected areas. The results of a technical evaluation of the PV systems, along with the first impacts of the project, are also presented.
Социально-психологические черты личности женщин-осужденных, отбывающих наказания без изоляции от общества
Creators: name: Прокурова Софья Витальевна
name: Михайлова Юлия Алексеевна
name: Колесникова Наталья Евгеньевна
Publisher: name: Психопедагогика в правоохранительных органах
Year: 2020
Subjects: женская преступность; женщина-осужденная; наказание без изоляции от общества

description: Введение. В настоящее время наблюдается несколько тенденций в женской преступности: к сокращению числа преступлений, совершенных женщинами, и к приросту более чем в четыре раза женщин, совершивших тяжкие преступления. Однако при широком изучении этого вопроса выяснилось, что психологический статус женщин-осужденных, совершивших относительно «легкие преступления» и отбывающих наказания без изоляции от общества, изучен недостаточно. Цель статьи — выявление социально-психологических особенностей женщин-осужденных, отбывающих наказания без изоляции от общества. Материалы и методы. Процедуру диагностики прошли 59 женщин-осужденных, отбывающих наказания без изоляции от общества, в 18 регионах Российской Федерации. Для анализа и сбора данных применялись следующие методики: «Универсальная диагностика нервно-психического состояния», «MMPJ», «Комплексная оценка делинквентости», «Оценка личностной агрессивности и конфликтности», «Методика диагностики деструктивных установок в межличностных отношениях». При обработке данных использован корреляционный анализ по Пирсону. Результаты и обсуждение. Получены следующие результаты: 55,9% женщин, отбывающих наказания без изоляции от общества, имеют нарушение нервно-психического состояния от дезадаптации до невроза. В личностном профиле осужденной наиболее высокие показатели выявлены по шкале психопатии (57,5), что свидетельствует о социальной дезадаптации личности: недоучете объективных обстоятельств и ориентации на ситуативные желания, а не на реальность. Общий индекс делинквентности женщин-осужденных составил 30,1 балла, что свидетельствует о возможности совершения повторных преступлений. Наблюдается общая тенденция к проявлению жестокости: высокий уровень выраженности деструктивных установок в межличностных отношениях (в первую очередь это касается завуалированной жестокости (65%) и открытой жестокости (65%)). Выводы. У женщин-осужденных наблюдается нарушение нервно-психического состояния от дезадаптации до невроза. В структуре личности выявлены импульсивность, конфликтность, недоучет объективных обстоятельств и ориентация на ситуативные желания, а не на реальность, склонность к агрессии, конфликтным ситуациям и асоциальным поступкам, ситуативная и личностная тревожность, ригидность, неуверенность, невысокий навык общения, завуалированная и открытая жестокость. Эти характеристики необходимо учитывать при разработке психокоррекционных программ.
Parus elegans subsp. gilliardi Parkes
Creators: name: Pachycephalidae
name: Aegithalidae
name: Remizidae
name: Paridae
name: Sittidae
name: Neosittidae
name: Certhiidae
name: Rhabdornithidae
name: Climacteridae
name: Dicaeidae
name: Pardalotidae
name: Nectariniidae, And
name: Lecroy, Mary
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Paridae
Parus

description: Parus elegans gilliardi Parkes Parus elegans gilliardi Parkes, 1958: 98 (Lamao, Bataan Province, Luzon, Philippine Islands). Now Periparus elegans gilliardi (Parkes, 1958). See Gosler and Clement, 2007: 724. HOLOTYPE: AMNH 459598, adult male, collected at Lamao, 14.31N, 120.36E (Dickinson et al., 1991: 420), Bataan Province, Luzon, Philippine Islands, on 6 December 1947, by E. Thomas Gilliard. COMMENTS: Parkes gave the AMNH number of the holotype in the original description and noted that his type series comprised five specimens from Lamao, three from Mt. Cayapo, and three from Mariveles. Of the 10 paratypes, the following seven, all collected by Gilliard in December 1947, are at AMNH: male, AMNH 459599, Mt. Cayapo; females, AMNH 459600, AMNH 459601, AMNH 459602, AMNH 459603, from Lamao, and AMNH 459604, AMNH 459605, from Mt. Cayapo. Parkes noted on the labels of AMNH 459600 and AMNH 459603 that they were probably males. AMNH 459606, a female from Mt. Cayapo, is part of the same series but was mounted for the Philippines diorama in the Whitney Hall of Oceanic Birds in 1952 and would not have been available in 1958. Parkes (1958: 95) borrowed specimens from various museums, but did not indicate where the remaining paratypes were housed.
description: Published as part of Pachycephalidae, Aegithalidae, Remizidae, Paridae, Sittidae, Neosittidae, Certhiidae, Rhabdornithidae, Climacteridae, Dicaeidae, Pardalotidae, Nectariniidae, And & Lecroy, Mary, 2010, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 8. Passeriformes:, pp. 1-178 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2010 (333) on page 72
description: {"references": ["Parkes, K. C. 1958. A revision of the Philippine Elegant Titmouse (Parus elegans). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 71: 95 - 106.", "Gosler, A. G., and P. Clement. 2007. Family Paridae (tits and chickadees). In J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, and D. Christie (editors), Handbook of the birds of the world, volume 12: 662 - 750. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, 816 pp, 56 pls., 436 photographs.", "Dickinson, E. C., R. S. Kennedy, and K. C. Parkes. 1991. The birds of the Philippines. B. O. U. Check-list no. 12. Tring, UK: British Ornithologists' Union, 507 pp."]}
Anti-adhesion activity of mint (Mentha piperita L.) leaves extract against beverage spoilage bacteria Asaia spp.
Creators: name: Antolak, Hubert
name: Czyżewska, Agata
name: Kręgiel, Dorota
Publisher: name: Biotechnology and Food Science
Year: 2016

description: The production of a functional beverage, supplemented with fruit flavourings meets the problem of microbiological contamination. The most frequent source of such spoilage is the bacteria from the relatively newly discovered genus Asaia. It causes changes in organoleptic properties, creating turbidity, haziness and distinctive sour odour as well as biofilm on production lines which are responsible for secondary contamination of products. For this reason, new methods using natural preservatives are being developed to minimize this microbiological contamination. The application of some plant extracts as an additives in functional beverages production is presumed to have a beneficial effect on reducing adhesive abilities of the bacteria. The aim of this research was to investigate the effects of mint leaves extract on the Asaia lannensis and Asaia bogorensis adhesive abilities to polystyrene. The bacterial adhesion was analysed by means of plate count method and luminometric tests. Additionally, plant extract was subjected to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, in order to check polyphenols content. Results indicates that 10% (v/v) addition of mint extract significantly reduced Asaia spp. adhesion to polystyrene. Due to the presence of bioactive compounds in the used extract, it can be used as an additive to increase microbiological stability as well as health promoting values of beverages.
description: Biotechnology and Food Science, Tom 80 Nr 2 (2016): Biotechnology and Food Science
Review on Photovoltaic Activities in Greece - Analysis of Market Prospects and the Industry Development
Creators: name: Protogeropoulos, C.
name: Chrysochoidis, N.
name: Cameron, M.
name: Schneider, R.
name: Bächler, M.
name: Chadjivassiliadis, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: PV Deployment
PV Markets

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 3653-3657
description: A review of the recent market development and the industrial activities in Greece in the PV energy sector is done in this paper. A summary of the authorities involved in the approval process is mentioned and the most recent
information on applications submitted, the evaluation and licensing results and the prospects of the market development on the short to medium term is reported. The first MW-scale photovoltaic station was installed and grid-connected in north Greece in July 2008 and reference to this milestone for the development of solar applications in the country is given. Finally, the development of the market has brought a considerable industrial activity in the PV sector and the main company activities are reported.
Revolutionary Landscapes and Kitchens of Refusal: Tomato Sauce and Sovereignty in Egypt
Creators: name: Gaul, Anny
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2022

description: This article presents a cultural history of tasbika, a tomato-based cooking technique, as a window into transformations of sovereignty in colonial and postcolonial Egypt. It draws on cookbooks, popular magazines and oral histories to argue that tasbika’s relatively recent emergence as one of the country's most ubiquitous home cooking methods was made possible not only by state-led industrialisation and modernisation projects, but also through a form of sovereignty wielded by women working in their home kitchens. This article describes this ‘kitchen sovereignty’ as an everyday form of power exercised by home cooks making decisions about how to manage scarce resources and feed their families. Moving beyond questions of food policies and market supply, this study of food and power centres the domestic labour that home cooks performed to transform raw ingredients into the flavours of everyday life in Egypt.
Influence of Substituents on the Behaviour of Polythiophene as Donor in Polymer-Fullerene Solar Cells
Creators: name: Neitzert, H.C.
name: Mucci, A.
name: Parenti, F.
name: Schenetti, L.
name: De Sio, A.
name: Romano, A.
name: Bobeico, E.
name: Morvillo, P.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
New Types of Cells and Modules

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 651-654
description: Polymer solar cells have evolved as a promising cost-effective alternative to silicon-based solar cells. However, low efficiency of these plastic solar cells limits their feasibility for commercial use. The efficiencies of polymer photovoltaic cells got a major boost with the introduction of the bulk heterojunction (BHJ) concept consisting of an interpenetrating network of electron donor and acceptor materials. In this work we describe the preparation of BHJ organic solar cells using blend films of poly[4,4’-bis(alkylsulfanyl)-
2,2’-bithiophene] (P3ST) and 1-(3-methoxycarbonyl)-propyl-1-phenyl-(6,6)C61 (PCBM). Photovoltaic cells were prepared with a layer sandwiched between electrodes with different work functions. The electrical performance of the devices were compared with the corresponding one prepared using a blend of commercial poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and PCBM. The quantum efficiency of the device fabricated with P3ST/PCBM blend shows a better response in the visible region compared to the one with P3HT/PCBM.
Antioxidants as a defensive shield in thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) grown on the soil contaminated with heavy metals
Creators: name: Kulbat, Kamila
name: Leszczyńska, Joanna
Publisher: name: Biotechnology and Food Science
Year: 2016

description: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of excessive concentration of selected heavy metals - nickel, copper and zinc on aromatic plants Thymus vulgaris. The present work examines the concentration of phenolic compounds, total antioxidant capacity and flavonoids content in leaves obtained from plants Thymus vulgaris grown on the soil contaminated with different concentration of these heavy metals. It was assumed, that selected metals, playing the role of micronutrients, cause toxic effect in their excessive concentrations, inhibit the growth and development of plants. Adverse impact on the plant is most likely due to the oxidative stress at a cellular level. It was demonstrated, that the lowest applied concentrations of heavy metals lead to the increased antioxidant content, which then decreases with increasing metal concentrations.
description: Biotechnology and Food Science, Tom 80 Nr 2 (2016): Biotechnology and Food Science
Design of a Remote Data Monitoring System for a Solar and Wind Based Renewable Energy Power Source: Application to a Water Delivery Project in a Rural Community
Creators: name: Lakeou, S.
name: Latigo, B.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: PV Systems
Off-grid Applications

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 3631-3636
description: A large number of projects including analysis and design of renewable energy sources have been reported by several institutions. Particularly, solar and wind energy based power sources have resulted in a variety of interesting projects, including automatic control of solar tracking photovoltaic panels and solar wind combination sources for various applications. The current work illustrates the design of a computer controlled system for monitoring the power generated by a renewable energy power system under a recorded local weather condition. The monitoring system includes a web-based Labview power measurement apparatus as well as a complete wireless weather station. The power system consists of a solar tracking photovoltaic (PV) system and a Whisper H80 wind turbine. The power system generates up to 2KW of electrical power. The remote data monitoring system provides a round the clock information on the generated power, the wind speed, humidity, rain water level, outside temperature etc… The system is programmed to provide data logging for an assessment of the correlation between the local weather condition and the electric power generation. The remote system will also be equipped with a provision for switching to net-metering with an interface to the local utility company. The remote monitoring system is scheduled to equip a similar solar/wind hybrid power station recently inaugurated in rural Ethiopia.
Structural, magnetic, dielectric and mechanical properties of (Ba,Sr)MnO$_3$ ceramics
Creators: name: Bujakiewicz-Koronska, R.
name: Nalecz, D. M.
name: Majcher, A. M.
name: Juszynska-Galazka, E.
name: Galazka, M.
name: Vasylechko, L.
name: Markiewicz, E.
name: Majda, D.
name: Kalvane, A.
name: Koronski, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ceramic samples, produced by conventional sintering method in ambient air, 6H-SrMnO$_3$(6H-SMO), 15R-BaMnO$_3$(15R-BMO), 4H-Ba$_{0.5}$Sr$_{0.5}$MnO$_3$(4H-BSMO) were studied. In the XRD measurements for SMO the new anomalies of the lattice parameters at 600-800 K range and the increasing of thermal expansion coefficients with a clear maximum in a vicinity at 670 K were detected. The N$\acute{e}$el phase transition for BSMO was observed at $T_N$=250 K in magnetic measurements and its trace was detected in dielectric, FTIR, DSC, and DMA experiments. The enthalpy and entropy changes of the phase transition for BSMO at $T_N$ were determined as 17.5 J/mol and 70 mJ/K mol, respectively. The activation energy values and relaxation times characteristic for relaxation processes were determined from the Arrhenius law. Results of ab initio simulations showed that the contribution of the exchange correlation energy to the total energy is about 30%.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures
A statistical state dynamics-based study of the structure and mechanism of large-scale motions in plane Poiseuille flow
Creators: name: Farrell, Brian F.
name: Ioannou, Petros J.
name: Jiménez, Javier
name: Constantinou, Navid C.
name: Lozano-Durán, Adrián
name: Nikolaidis, Marios-Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The perspective of statistical state dynamics (SSD) has recently been applied to the study of mechanisms underlying turbulence in various physical systems. An example implementation of SSD is the second order closure referred to as stochastic structural stability theory (S3T), which has provided insight into the dynamics of wall turbulence and specifically the emergence and maintenance of the roll/streak structure. This closure eliminates nonlinear interactions among the perturbations has been removed, restricting nonlinearity in the dynamics to that of the mean equation and the interaction between the mean and perturbation covariance. Here, this quasi-linear restriction of the dynamics is used to study the structure and dynamics of turbulence in plane Poiseuille flow at moderately high Reynolds numbers in a closely related dynamical system, referred to as the restricted nonlinear (RNL) system. RNL simulations reveal that the essential features of wall-turbulence dynamics are retained. Remarkably, the RNL system spontaneously limits the support of its turbulence to a small set of streamwise Fourier components giving rise to a naturally minimal representation of its turbulence dynamics. Although greatly simplified, this RNL turbulence exhibits natural-looking structures and statistics. Surprisingly, even when further truncation of the perturbation support to a single streamwise component is imposed the RNL system continues to produce self-sustaining turbulent structure and dynamics. RNL turbulence at the Reynolds numbers studied is dominated by the roll/streak structure in the buffer layer and similar very-large-scale structure (VLSM) in the outer layer. Diagnostics of the structure, spectrum and energetics of RNL and DNS turbulence are used to demonstrate that the roll/streak dynamics supporting the turbulence in the buffer and logarithmic layer is essentially similar in RNL and DNS.
description: published in J. Fluid Mech., 26 pages, 15 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1401.7816
Parus major subsp. hainanus Hartert
Creators: name: Pachycephalidae
name: Aegithalidae
name: Remizidae
name: Paridae
name: Sittidae
name: Neosittidae
name: Certhiidae
name: Rhabdornithidae
name: Climacteridae
name: Dicaeidae
name: Pardalotidae
name: Nectariniidae, And
name: Lecroy, Mary
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Paridae
Parus

description: Parus major hainanus Hartert Parus major hainanus Hartert, 1905c: 499 (Hainan). Now Parus major hainanus Hartert, 1905. See Eck and Martens, 2006: 38–40, and Gosler and Clement, 2007: 739–741. HOLOTYPE: AMNH 680678, adult male, collected at Lei Mui Mon, Hainan Island, 19.00N, 109.30E (USBGN, 1968), China, on 18 December 1902, by Zensaku Katsumata (no. 58). From the Rothschild Collection. COMMENTS: Hartert cited the unique date on the above specimen when designating the type of hainanus and noted that Katsumata sent 15 adult specimens from various parts of Hainan. AMNH received 14 Katsumata specimens from Hainan; the 13 paratypes are all numbered ‘‘58,’’ evidently a species number, and all are sexed as male: Lei Mui Mon, AMNH 680677, AMNH 680679, AMNH 680680, 10–15 January 1903; Liudon, AMNH 680681, AMNH 680682, AMNH 680683, AMNH 680684, 5–9 March 1903; No-Tai, AMNH 680685, 29 September 1902; Secha, AMNH 680686, AMNH 680687, AMNH 680688, AMNH 680689, AMNH 680690, 8–12 April 1902. I have not considered a specimen collected by J. Whitehead on Hainan in 1900 a paratype, as no mention was made of it in the description and I am not sure when it came to Rothschild.
description: Published as part of Pachycephalidae, Aegithalidae, Remizidae, Paridae, Sittidae, Neosittidae, Certhiidae, Rhabdornithidae, Climacteridae, Dicaeidae, Pardalotidae, Nectariniidae, And & Lecroy, Mary, 2010, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 8. Passeriformes:, pp. 1-178 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2010 (333) on page 76
description: {"references": ["Hartert, E. 1905 c. Miscellanea ornithologica. Critical, nomenclatorial, and other notes, mostly on Palaearctic birds and their allies. Part II. The forms of Parus major. Novitates Zoologicae 12: 497 - 500.", "Eck, S., and J. Martens. 2006. Systematic notes on Asian birds. 49. A preliminary review of the Aegithalidae, Remizidae and Paridae. Zoologische Mededelingen Leiden 80 - 5: 1 - 63, 3 pls.", "Gosler, A. G., and P. Clement. 2007. Family Paridae (tits and chickadees). In J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, and D. Christie (editors), Handbook of the birds of the world, volume 12: 662 - 750. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, 816 pp, 56 pls., 436 photographs."]}
The role of phenolic compounds in plant resistance
Creators: name: Kulbat, Kamila
Publisher: name: Biotechnology and Food Science
Year: 2016

description: Phenolic compounds are plant secondary metabolites playing important roles in plant resistance. Their chemical structure is based on at least one aromatic ring bonded to one or more hydroxyl groups. They are mainly synthetized from amino acid phenylalanine which is converted to cinnamic acid. Phenolics are one of the largest and most diverse groups of plant active substances. These compounds take part in the regulation of seed germination and cooperate in regulating the growth of plants, also taking part in defence responses during infection, excessive sun exposure, injuries and heavy metal stress. One of the most important features of phenolic compounds is antioxidant activity which is closely related to their chemical structure. The aim of this review is to discuss the role of phenolic compounds in the interactions of plants with various stress factors, both biotic and abiotic with special attention to their antioxidant properties.
description: Biotechnology and Food Science, Tom 80 Nr 2 (2016): Biotechnology and Food Science
Parus major subsp. okinawae Hartert
Creators: name: Pachycephalidae
name: Aegithalidae
name: Remizidae
name: Paridae
name: Sittidae
name: Neosittidae
name: Certhiidae
name: Rhabdornithidae
name: Climacteridae
name: Dicaeidae
name: Pardalotidae
name: Nectariniidae, And
name: Lecroy, Mary
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Paridae
Parus

description: Parus major okinawae Hartert Parus major okinawae Hartert, 1905d: 346 (Okinawa). Now Parus major okinawae Hartert, 1905. See Eck and Martens, 2006: 36–38, and Gosler and Clement, 2007: 739–741. HOLOTYPE: AMNH 680660, adult male, collected on Okinawa-jima I. (5 Okinawa), 26.30N, 127.57E (Morioka et al., 2005: 152), Ryukyu (5 Loo Choo) Islands, Japan, on 14 March 1902, by N.C. Rothschild, F. Gayner, and A.W. Waters (no. 61). From the Rothschild Collection. COMMENTS: Hartert gave the unique field number of the holotype in the original description and said that N.C. Rothschild brought 11 specimens from Okinawa. Eight of these came to AMNH, including the holotype. The seven paratypes in AMNH, all collected in 1902, are: males, AMNH 680657 (N.C. Rothschild no. 122), AMNH 680658 (120), AMNH 680659 (63), AMNH 680661 (85), AMNH 680662 (48), 12–17 March; females, AMNH 680667 (26), AMNH 680670 (121), 9–17 March. The three paratypes not in AMNH were probably exchanged to others before the Rothschild Collection came to AMNH. Specimens in the Rothschild Collection obtained by collectors for A. Owston on Okinawa in 1904 were not mentioned by Hartert and were probably not received before publication of okinawae. The holotype of okinawae is listed by Morioka et al., 2005: 96 and by Dickinison et al., 2006a: 76.
description: Published as part of Pachycephalidae, Aegithalidae, Remizidae, Paridae, Sittidae, Neosittidae, Certhiidae, Rhabdornithidae, Climacteridae, Dicaeidae, Pardalotidae, Nectariniidae, And & Lecroy, Mary, 2010, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 8. Passeriformes:, pp. 1-178 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2010 (333) on pages 76-77
description: {"references": ["Hartert, E. 1905 d. Die Vogel der Palaarktischen Fauna 1 (3): 241 - 384. Berlin: R. Friedlander und Sohn.", "Eck, S., and J. Martens. 2006. Systematic notes on Asian birds. 49. A preliminary review of the Aegithalidae, Remizidae and Paridae. Zoologische Mededelingen Leiden 80 - 5: 1 - 63, 3 pls.", "Gosler, A. G., and P. Clement. 2007. Family Paridae (tits and chickadees). In J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, and D. Christie (editors), Handbook of the birds of the world, volume 12: 662 - 750. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, 816 pp, 56 pls., 436 photographs.", "Morioka, H., E. C. Dickinson, T. Hiraoka, D. Allen, and T. Yamasaki. 2005. Types of Japanese birds. Tokyo: National Science Museum Monographs no. 28, 154 pp."]}
Local violence and transitions to marriage and cohabitation in Mexico
Creators: name: Caudillo, Mónica L.
name: Lee, Jaein
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2022
Subjects: cohabitation
community
crime and delinquency
marriage
violence

description: Objective To assess whether local violence is associated with the timing and type of women's first union formation. Background Local violence may cause disruptions to marriage markets and psychological and behavioral changes that may affect union formation patterns. Method The authors exploited the variation in homicide rates caused by a shift in national drug-enforcement policy in Mexico in December 2006. Competing-risks Cox models and union histories from a nationally representative survey of women (N = 33,292) were used to assess whether a recent increase in violence was associated with the timing of the first union transition, which could be either marriage or cohabitation. Analyses were conducted separately by education level. Results A recent increase in the local homicide rate was associated with delayed first marriage formation for less educated women. Supplementary analyses suggested that a decrease in the number of employed men per women, as well as reduced social interaction due to fear of victimization could be plausible causal mechanisms. No statistically significant associations were found between a recent increase in violence and transitions to first cohabitation for the less educated, or with any first union transition for the moderately and more educated. Conclusion Among less educated women, a recent increase in violence was associated with a delayed entrance into marriage as a first union transition. Implications By increasing their barriers to marriage, local violence may contribute to the accumulation of disadvantage among disadvantaged women and families.
Influence of Grain Size and Grain Boundary Recombination Velocity on the Series and Shunt Resistances of a Polycrystalline Silicon Solar Cell
Creators: name: Barro, I.
name: Gaye, S.
name: Deme, M.
name: Ly Diallo, H.L.
name: Samb, M.L.
name: Samoura, A.M.
name: Mbodji, S.
name: Sissoko, G.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Fundamental Studies

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 612-615
description: A three-dimensional study is made to improve the theoretical approach of the series and shunt resistances of a polycrystalline silicon solar cell. The series and shunt resistances are calculated in the base region of the cell and the influence of grain size and grain boundary recombination velocity on these resistances are shown.
Renormalization group flow, Entropy and Eigenvalues
Creators: name: Li, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53C44, 58Z05, 81T17

description: The irreversibility of the renormalization group flow is conjectured to be closely related to the concept of entropy. In this paper, the variation of eigenvalues of the Laplacian in the Polyakov action under the renormalization group flow will be studied. Based on the one-loop approximation to the effective field theory, we will use the heat kernel method and zeta function regularization. In even dimensions, the variation of eigenvalues is given by the top heat kernel coefficient, and the conformal anomaly is relevant. In odd dimensions, we will conjecture a formula for the variation of eigenvalues through the holographic renormalization in the setting of geometric AdS/CFT correspondence.
description: 29 pages
A class of 5D inhomogeneous models with a cosmological constant
Creators: name: Apostolopoulos, Pantelis S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we would like to address the problem of the effect of bulk matter on the brane cosmological evolution in a general way. We assume that the spatial part of the brane metric is not maximally symmetric, therefore spatially inhomogeneous. However we retain the conformal flatness property of the standard cosmological model (FRW) i.e. the Weyl tensor of the induced 4D geometry is zero. We refer to it as Spatially Inhomogeneous Irrotational (SII) brane. It is shown that the model can be regarded as the 5D generalization of the SII spacetimes found recently [1].
description: 5 pages, accepted version prepared for the "2nd Electronic Conference on Universe" (16 Feb-2 Mar 2023)
Modification of bacterial cellulose to scaffold-like structures applied in process engineering
Creators: name: Kaźmierczak, Marta
name: Olejnik, Tomasz
name: Ogrodowczyk, Dominik
name: Kołodziejczyk, Marek
Publisher: name: Biotechnology and Food Science
Year: 2016

description: Scaffolds are three-dimensional structures which provides necessary support for different cells’ vital functions. Although they are widely produced from different materials, most of them are not biodegradable. Bacterial bionanocellulose (BNC) has this property and additionally, has similar features to natural, extracellular matrixes. Unfortunately, natural channels which are in BNC’s structure have not sufficient diameter to colonize them with, for example, mammalian cells. Some experiments for pores enlargement in cellulose structure have been conducted. Multiple frosting and defrosting of properly prepared BNC’s samples has produced some positive results. Application the mixture of sterile vegetable oil and ethanol at the cultured layers of bionanocellulose gave expected results – diameter of the channels and chambers is enough to colonize them with viable cells. The results of described experiments give hope that bacterial bionanocellulose, because of its transformation’s simplicity, could be an alternative material for bioplastics productions.
description: Biotechnology and Food Science, Tom 80 Nr 2 (2016): Biotechnology and Food Science