cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Gasoline pre-blending processes for efficient ethanol recovery: effects of process parameters and process modifications for improved performance
Creators: name: Stacey, Neil
name: Fernández-Torres, María J.
name: Glasser, David
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: With over 20 billion gallons of bio-ethanol produced annually, optimization of bio-ethanol production processes is a major priority for sustainability research. Recent research has made great strides toward improving the efficiency of bio-ethanol production through the development of gasoline pre-blending processes which use liquid–liquid phase separation to eliminate excess water with minimal energy input. This paper investigates the effects of process parameters on the performance and efficiency of this class of processes, offering a design basis for engineers developing new processes along with a broader understanding of their potential performance and economic value. Also explored are a range of process modifications capable of improving process performance. It has been found that blending ratio and initial alcohol concentration are the key parameters in determining ethanol recovery, with the number of liquid–liquid contact stages and the temperature also being significant. It has also been shown that temperature-swing decanting can significantly improve alcohol recovery, reducing ethanol losses by as much as 33% in a typical gasoline pre-blending setup.
Anomalous magnetic ordering in PrBa_2Cu_3O_{7-y} single crystals: Evidence for magnetic coupling between the Cu and Pr sublattices
Creators: name: Narozhnyi, V. N.
name: Eckert, D.
name: Nenkov, K. A.
name: Fuchs, G.
name: Uvarova, T. G.
name: Müller, K. -H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In Al-free PrBa_2Cu_3O_{7-y} single crystals the kink in the temperature dependence of magnetic susceptibility chi_{ab}(T), connected with Pr antiferromagnetic ordering, disappears after field cooling (FC) in a field H || ab-plane. The kink in chi_c(T) remains unchanged after FC in H || c-axis. As a possible explanation, freezing of the Cu magnetic moments, lying in the ab-plane, caused by FC in H || ab, hinders their reorientation and, due to coupling between the Pr and Cu(2) sublattices, ordering of the Pr^{3+} moments. A field induced phase transition and a field dependence of the Pr^{3+} ordering temperature have been found for both H || c and H || ab.
description: 11 pages (LaTex with elsart.sty), 5 EPS figs. Accepted to Physica C
Additional file 7: of Phylogeographic analysis of the genus Platycephalus along the coastline of the northwestern Pacific inferred by mitochondrial DNA
Creators: name: Cheng, Jie
name: Wang, Zhiyang
name: Song, Na
name: Yanagimoto, Takashi
name: Gao, Tianxiang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Table S5. Primers information of mitochondrial DNA for the Platycephalus. (DOCX 19 kb)
Shrinking the Quark Gluon Plasma
Creators: name: Sievert, Matthew D.
name: Noronha-Hostler, Jacquelyn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years the understanding on the limits of the smallest possible droplet of the Quark Gluon Plasma has been called into question. Experimental results from both the Large Hadron Collider and the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider have provided hints that the Quark Gluon Plasma may be produced in systems as small as that formed in pPb or dAu collisions. Yet alternative explanations still exist from correlations arising from quarks and gluons in a color glass condensate picture. In order to resolve these two scenarios, a system size scan has been proposed at the Large Hadron Collider for collisions of ArAr and OO. Here we make predictions for a possible future run of ArAr and OO collisions at the Large Hadron Collider and study the system size dependence of a variety of flow observables. We find that linear response (from the initial conditions to the final flow harmonics) becomes more dominant in smaller systems whereas linear+cubic response can accurately predict multi-particle cumulants for a wide range of centralities in large systems.
description: 21 pages, 25 figure; v2 Fig 3-5 replaced, Fig. 7 added
Generation of genuine all-way entanglement in defect-nuclear spin systems through dynamical decoupling sequences
Creators: name: Takou, Evangelia
name: Barnes, Edwin
name: Economou, Sophia E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multipartite entangled states are an essential resource for sensing, quantum error correction, and cryptography. Color centers in solids are one of the leading platforms for quantum networking due to the availability of a nuclear spin memory that can be entangled with the optically active electronic spin through dynamical decoupling sequences. Creating electron-nuclear entangled states in these systems is a difficult task as the always-on hyperfine interactions prohibit complete isolation of the target dynamics from the unwanted spin bath. While this emergent cross-talk can be alleviated by prolonging the entanglement generation, the gate durations quickly exceed coherence times. Here we show how to prepare high-quality GHZ$_M$-like states with minimal cross-talk. We introduce the $M$-tangling power of an evolution operator, which allows us to verify genuine all-way correlations. Using experimentally measured hyperfine parameters of an NV center spin in diamond coupled to carbon-13 lattice spins, we show how to use sequential or single-shot entangling operations to prepare GHZ$_M$-like states of up to $M=10$ qubits within time constraints that saturate bounds on $M$-way correlations. We study the entanglement of mixed electron-nuclear states and develop a non-unitary $M$-tangling power which additionally captures correlations arising from all unwanted nuclear spins. We further derive a non-unitary $M$-tangling power which incorporates the impact of electronic dephasing errors on the $M$-way correlations. Finally, we inspect the performance of our protocols in the presence of experimentally reported pulse errors, finding that XY decoupling sequences can lead to high-fidelity GHZ state preparation.
description: 43 pages, 18 figures
Desenvolvimento de um jogo sério para obtenção de tempo de reação como ferramenta para identificação e tratamento de doenças neurodegenerativas
Creators: name: Muniz, Érica Costa
name: Silva, Kerolayne Meneses Da
name: Bregantin, Mariana Morete
name: Santana, Narrayanni Isabelly David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: tempo de reação, desordens neurodegenerativas, jogo

description: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo desenvolver um jogo sério para realizar a medição do tempo de reação. A finalidade é utilizar tal informação como indicador do funcionamento neuromotor de pacientes acometidos por desordens neurodegenerativas e, assim, auxiliar no tratamento de tais patologias. Foi utilizada a linguagem C# e a plataforma Unity para o desenvolvimento do jogo.
Simple Fluids with Complex Phase Behavior
Creators: name: Malescio, G.
name: Pellicane, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find that a system of particles interacting through a simple isotropic potential with a softened core is able to exhibit a rich phase behavior including: a liquid-liquid phase transition in the supercooled phase, as has been suggested for water; a gas-liquid-liquid triple point; a freezing line with anomalous reentrant behavior. The essential ingredient leading to these features resides in that the potential investigated gives origin to two effective core radii.
description: 7 pages including 3 eps figures + 1 jpeg figure
Doubly Robust Inference With Nonprobability Survey Samples
Creators: name: Chen, Yilin
name: Li, Pengfei
name: Wu, Changbao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: We establish a general framework for statistical inferences with nonprobability survey samples when relevant auxiliary information is available from a probability survey sample. We develop a rigorous procedure for estimating the propensity scores for units in the nonprobability sample, and construct doubly robust estimators for the finite population mean. Variance estimation is discussed under the proposed framework. Results from simulation studies show the robustness and the efficiency of our proposed estimators as compared to existing methods. The proposed method is used to analyze a nonprobability survey sample collected by the Pew Research Center with auxiliary information from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and the Current Population Survey. Our results illustrate a general approach to inference with nonprobability samples and highlight the importance and usefulness of auxiliary information from probability survey samples. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Narrow Moving Fe K-alpha lines from magnetic flares in AGN
Creators: name: Nayakshin, Sergei
name: Kazanas, Demosthenes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out that luminous magnetic flares, thought to occur in standard AGN accretion disks, cannot be located much higher than few pressure scale heights above the disk. Using this fact, we estimate the fraction of the disk surface illuminated by a typical flare. This fraction turns out to be very small for geometrically thin disks, which implies that the instantaneous Fe K-alpha emission line from a specific magnetic flare is narrow. The line is red- or blue-shifted depending on the position of the observer relative to the flare and sweeps across the line band with time. We present several examples of theoretical time-resolved line profiles from such flares for a non-rotating black hole. The observations of such moving features with future X-ray telescopes will present a powerful test of the accretion disk geometry and may also test General Relativity in the strong field limit.
description: Revised; no major changes in conclusions
title: February 2025 BCaT Newsletter
Creators: name: Walcott, Rianna
Publisher: name: University of Michigan
Year: 2025

description: This newsletter includes information on the BCaT Lab's February events calendar, Technoskepticism Launch, blog post on reflections on Fall 2024, a BCaT Applies: AoIR Applications Clinic, and two DISCO CO(LAB) workshops. All communications were sent to the BCaT Lab's mailing list.
Scrambling and Recovery of Quantum Information in Inhomogeneous Quenches in Two-dimensional Conformal Field Theories
Creators: name: Goto, Kanato
name: Nozaki, Masahiro
name: Ryu, Shinsei
name: Tamaoka, Kotaro
name: Tan, Mao Tian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study various quantum quench processes induced by the Möbius/sine-square deformation of the Hamiltonian in two-dimensional conformal field theories starting from the thermofield double state in the two copies of the Hilbert space. These quantum quenches, some of which are directly related to the operator entanglement of the time-evolution operators, allow us to study scrambling and recovery of quantum information. In particular, under the SSD time-evolution, we show from the time-dependence of mutual information that the Bell pairs, initially shared by the subsystems of the two Hilbert spaces, may revive even after the mutual information for small subsystems is completely destroyed by quantum information scrambling dynamics. This mutual information is robust against the strong scrambling dynamics. As a consequence, the steady state has a non-local correlation shared not by any of two parties but by three parties. In the holographic dual description, a wormhole connecting the two Hilbert spaces may non-linearly grow with time during the quantum quenches. We also propose effective pictures that describe the dynamics of mutual information during the time-evolution by inhomogeneous Hamiltonians.
description: 36+26 pages, 23 figures
First-order transitions in glasses and melts induced by solid superclusters nucleated and melted by homogeneous nucleation instead of surface melting
Creators: name: Tournier, Robert F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supercooled liquids give rise, by homogeneous nucleation, to solid superclusters acting as building blocks of glass, ultrastable glass, and glacial glass phases before being crystallized. Liquid-to-liquid phase transitions begin to be observed above the melting temperature Tm as well as critical undercooling depending on critical overheating (Tm-T)/Tm. Solid nuclei exist above Tm and melt by homogeneous nucleation of liquid instead of surface melting. The Gibbs free energy change predicted by the classical nucleation equation is completed by an additional enthalpy which stabilize these solid entities during undercooling. A two-liquid model, using this renewed equation, predicts the new homogeneous nucleation temperatures inducing first-order transitions, and the enthalpy and entropy of new liquid and glass phases. These calculations are successfully applied to ethylbenzene, triphenyl phosphite, d-mannitol, n-butanol, Zr41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5, Ti34Zr11Cu47Ni8, and Co81.5B18.5. A critical supercooling and overheating rate (Tm-T)/Tm = 0.198 of liquid elements is predicted in agreement with experiments on Sn droplets.
description: 41 pages, 21 figures, submitted to "chemical physics"
title: Search Engines: "everything and nothing at the same time" by Molly Soda
Creators: name: Spicer, Atticus
Publisher: name: University of Michigan
Year: 2025

description: Search Engines: Art, Tech, Justice and the DISCO Network, housed in the University of Michigan’s Digital Studies Institute, invite you to an artist's talk by Molly Soda. Molly Soda is a NYC-based artist, designer, writer, and educator. Her distinctly post-internet creative practice bridges the worlds of performance art and Internet art, often drawing from her own experience as an Incredibly-Online individual as well as from a rich archive of digital artifacts accumulated over the past two decades. Her work spans a variety of social media platforms and modes, and has been presented both online and in gallery installations.
Adjacency-based, non-intrusive model reduction for Vortex-Induced Vibrations
Creators: name: Gkimisis, Leonidas
name: Richter, Thomas
name: Benner, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vortex-induced vibrations (VIV) pose computationally expensive problems of high practical interest to several engineering fields. In this work we develop a non-intrusive, reduced-order modelling methodology for two-dimensional (2D) VIV simulations. We consider an elliptical, non-deformable solid mounted on springs, subject to a laminar, incompressible flow. Approximating the Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) incompressible Navier-Stokes (NS) formulation, a discrete-time, quadratic-bilinear data-driven model structure is assigned for the velocity flowfield prediction. The full-order, data-driven model operators have a predefined sparsity pattern, following the adjacency-based sparsity of the discretized ALE-NS operators. Thus, the data-driven operators inference requires solving many low-dimensional least squares problems, isolating the contribution of "nearest neighbours" for each degree of freedom. Numerical aspects such as data centering and regularization are extensively discussed. With this approach, Dirichlet boundary conditions at the inlet and the fluid/solid interface can be enforced on the full-order, non-intrusive level. Consequently, a non-intrusive reduced-order model (ROM) for the velocity flowfield is obtained after linear projection. The resulting ROM is coupled with the first-principle, 2D solid oscillation equations and is simulated using an implicit time integration scheme. The coupled solution is then mapped on the deformed grid through the inverse ALE map. This methodology is showcased for two testcases, at different Reynolds numbers (Re = 90, 180). Numerical results indicate a successful coupling between the data-driven velocity flowfield and the solid oscillation, with prediction errors of less than 3% for both the flowfield and the solid oscillation. A comparative study with respect to the ROM dimension indicates the robustness and potential of the approach.
title: February 2025 DISCO Network Newsletter
Creators: name: Spicer, Atticus
name: Chan, Cherice
Publisher: name: University of Michigan
Year: 2025

description: This newsletter includes information on the publication of Technoskepticism, a new DISCO CO(LAB) project, upcoming events, previous events, community updates, and social media updates. All communications were sent to the DISCO Network's mailing list.
Measuring the brightness temperature distribution of extragalactic radio sources with space VLBI
Creators: name: Tingay, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used VSOP space very long baseline interferometry observations to measure the brightness temperature distribution of a well-defined sub-set of the Pearson-Readhead sample of extragalactic radio sources. VLBI which is restricted to Earth-diameter baselines is not generally sensitive to emitting regions with brightness temperatures greater than approximately $10^{12}$ K, coincidentally close to theoretical estimates of brightness temperature limits, $10^{11} - 10^{12}$ K. We find that a significant proportion of our sample have brightness temperatures greater than $10^{12}$ K; many have unresolved components on the longest baselines, and some remain completely unresolved. These observations begin to bridge the gap between the extended jets seen with ground-based VLBI and the microarcsecond structures inferred from intraday variability, evidenced here by the discovery of a relationship between intraday variability and VSOP-measured brightness temperature, likely due to the effects of relativistic beaming. Also, lower limits on jet Lorentz factors, estimated from space VLBI observations, are starting to challenge numerical simulations that predict low Lorentz factor jets.
description: 4 pages + 1 figure, ApJ letters, accepted
Spatially-varying meshless approximation method for enhanced computational efficiency
Creators: name: Jančič, Mitja
name: Rot, Miha
name: Kosec, Gregor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we address a way to reduce the total computational cost of meshless approximation by reducing the required stencil size through spatial variation of computational node regularity. Rather than covering the entire domain with scattered nodes, only regions with geometric details are covered with scattered nodes, while the rest of the domain is discretised with regular nodes. Consequently, in regions covered with regular nodes the approximation using solely the monomial basis can be performed, effectively reducing the required stencil size compared to the approximation on scattered nodes where a set of polyharmonic splines is added to ensure convergent behaviour. The performance of the proposed hybrid scattered-regular approximation approach, in terms of computational efficiency and accuracy of the numerical solution, is studied on natural convection driven fluid flow problems. We start with the solution of the de Vahl Davis benchmark case, defined on square domain, and continue with two- and three-dimensional irregularly shaped domains. We show that the spatial variation of the two approximation methods can significantly reduce the computational complexity, with only a minor impact on the solution accuracy.
description: Preprint(reviewed)
Inter-brain substrates of role switching during mother-child interaction
Creators: name: Li, Yamin
name: Wu, Saishuang
name: Xu, Jiayang
name: Wang, Haiwa
name: Zhu, Qi
name: Shi, Wen
name: Fang, Yue
name: Jiang, Fan
name: Tong, Shanbao
name: Zhang, Yunting
name: Guo, Xiaoli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Mother-child interaction is highly dynamic and reciprocal. Switching roles in these back-and-forth interactions serves as a crucial feature of reciprocal behaviors while the underlying neural entrainment is still not well-studied. Here, we designed a role-controlled cooperative task with dual EEG recording to study how differently two brains interact when mothers and children hold different roles. When children were actors and mothers were observers, mother-child inter-brain synchrony emerged within the theta oscillations and the frontal lobe, which highly correlated with children's attachment to their mothers. When their roles were reversed, this synchrony was shifted to the alpha oscillations and the central area and associated with mothers' perception of their relationship with their children. The results suggested an observer-actor neural alignment within the actor's oscillations, which was modulated by the actor-toward-observer emotional bonding. Our findings contribute to the understanding of how inter-brain synchrony is established and dynamically changed during mother-child reciprocal interaction.
Interaction induced delocalisation for two particles in a periodic potential
Creators: name: Vidal, J.
name: Doucot, B.
name: Mosseri, R.
name: Butaud, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider two interacting particles evolving in a one-dimensional periodic structure embedded in a magnetic field. We show that the strong localization induced by the magnetic field for particular values of the flux per unit cell is destroyed as soon as the particles interact. We study the spectral and the dynamical aspects of this transition.
description: 4 pages, 5 EPS figures, minor misprints corrected
Benefit–cost analysis of an interprofessional education program within a residential aged care facility in Western Australia
Creators: name: Kim-Huong Nguyen
name: Seaman, Karla
name: Saunders, Rosemary
name: Williams, Elly
name: Harrup-Gregory, Jane
name: Comans, Tracy
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Interprofessional education (IPE) programs in residential aged care facilities (RACF) contributes to the care of older adults whilst providing an environment for students to learn and practise in an interprofessional manner. Clinical placements are provided by RACF through funding and support from universities in collaboration with the RACF. Conducting a benefit–cost analysis (BCA) can determine the sustainability of a clinical placement program such as an IPE program but there is limited research reporting the economic aspects of clinical placements even though it is a university and government priority. This study provides a benefit-cost analysis of an interprofessional education program offered by a residential aged care provider in Western Australia. Analysis using a BCA methodology was conducted to provide information about the level and distribution of the costs and benefits from different analytical perspectives over the three-year period of the IPE program. The analysis showed that the program was highly beneficial from an economic efficiency viewpoint, even though it did not present a financial gain for the aged care provider. The benefits accrued mainly to students in terms of increased education and skill, and to residents in terms of health outcomes and quality of life, while the cost was mostly incurred by the care provider. An IPE program in a RACF is a valuable educational learning experience for students and is also socially beneficial for residents and the broader health sector. For IPE programs in aged care to be sustainable, they require the development of collaborative partnerships with external funding.
Hall-effect in LuNi_2B_2C in normal and superconducting mixed states
Creators: name: Narozhnyi, V. N.
name: Freudenberger, J.
name: Kochetkov, V. N.
name: Nenkov, K. A.
name: Fuchs, G.
name: Müller, K. -H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hall resistivity rho_{xy} of LuNi_2B_2C is negative in the normal as well as in the mixed state and has no sign reversal typical for high-T_c superconductors. A distinct nonlinearity in the rho_{xy} dependence on field H was found in the normal state for T < 40K, accompanied by a large magnetoresistance reaching +90% for mu_0H=16T at T=20K. The scaling relation rho_{xy} ~ ρ_{xx}^β(ρ_{xx} is the longitudinal resistivity) was found in the mixed state, the value of βbeing dependent on the degree of disorder.
description: 12 pages (REVTeX), 5 EPS figs. Accepted to Solid State Commun
Additional file 3: of Evaluation of clinical efficacy of silver-needle warm acupuncture in treating adults with acute low back pain due to lumbosacral disc herniation: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Li, Tian
name: Wang, Siyao
name: Zhang, Shen
name: Shen, Xueyong
name: Song, Yanwen
name: Yang, Zhen
name: Huang, Zouqin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Silver-needle warm acupuncture conducted Multi-Function Moxibustion Apparatus with specially designed heat pipe. (DOCX 722 kb)
A new view on Auger data and cosmogenic neutrinos in light of different nuclear disintegration and air-shower models
Creators: name: Heinze, Jonas
name: Fedynitch, Anatoli
name: Boncioli, Denise
name: Winter, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the implications of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Ray (UHECR) data from the Pierre Auger Observatory for potential accelerator candidates and cosmogenic neutrino fluxes for different combinations of nuclear disintegration and air-shower models. We exploit the most recent spectral and mass composition data (2017) with a new, computationally very efficient simulation code PriNCe. We extend the systematic framework originally developed by the Pierre Auger Collaboration with the cosmological source evolution as an additional free parameter. In this framework, an ensemble of generalized UHECR accelerators is characterized by a universal spectral index (equal for all injection species), a maximal rigidity, and the normalizations for five nuclear element groups. We find that the 2017 data favor a small but constrained contribution of heavy elements (iron) at the source. We demonstrate that the results moderately depend on the nuclear disintegration (PSB, Peanut, or Talys) model, and more strongly on the air-shower (EPOS-LHC, Sibyll-2.3, or QGSjet-II-04) model. Variations of these models result in different source evolutions and spectral indices, limiting the interpretation in terms of a particular class of cosmic accelerators. Better constrained parameters include the maximal rigidity and the mass composition at the source. Hence, the cosmogenic neutrino flux can be robustly predicted, since it originates from interactions with the cosmic infrared background and peaks at $10^8 \, \mathrm{GeV}$. Depending on the source evolution at high redshifts the flux is likely out of reach of future neutrino observatories in most cases, and a minimal cosmogenic neutrino flux cannot be claimed from data without assuming a cosmological distribution of the sources.
description: 21 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Super-resolution microscopy unveils transmembrane domain-mediated internalization of cross-reacting material 197 into diphtheria toxin-resistant mouse J774A.1 cells and primary rat fibroblasts in vitro
Creators: name: Fellermann, Maximilian
name: Wondany, Fanny
name: Carle, Stefan
name: Nemeth, Julia
name: Sadhanasatish, Tanmay
name: Frick, Manfred
name: Barth, Holger
name: Michaelis, Jens
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cross-reacting material 197 (CRM197)
subject: Diphtheria toxin (DT)
subject: Resistance
subject: Murine
subject: Heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor precursor (HB EGF)
subject: STED super-resolution optical microscopy
subject: DDC 570 / Life sciences
subject: DDC 610 / Medicine & health

description: Abstract Diphtheria toxin (DT) efficiently inhibits protein synthesis in human cells, resulting in severe disease diphtheria. The sensitivity towards DT varies between mammalian species. Mice and rats are resistant to DT. However, the reason underlying this insensitivity is controversially discussed and not well understood. Therefore, we investigated the steps of DT uptake, i.e. receptor binding and internalization into mouse J774A.1 macrophages and primary rat fibroblasts. We exploited the non-toxic DT-mutant cross-reacting material 197 (CRM197) and three additional receptor binding-deficient mutants (250 nM each) to investigate binding to cell surface and internalization into murine cells via flow cytometry and stimulated emission depletion (STED) super-resolution optical microscopy. Dual-color STED imaging unveiled CRM197 interacting with the murine precursor of the heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF). Moreover, we identified CRM197’s transmembrane domain as an additional HB-EGF binding site, which is also involved in the receptor-mediated internalization into murine cells. However, we do not find evidence for translocation of the catalytically active subunit (DTA) into the cytosol when 250 nM DT were applied. In conclusion, we provide evidence that the resistance of murine cells to DT is caused by an insufficiency of DTA to escape from endosomes and reach the cytosol. Possibly, a higher affinity interaction of DT and the HB-EGF is required for translocation, which highlights the role of the receptor in the endosomes during the translocation step. We extend the current knowledge about cellular uptake of the medically relevant DT and CRM197.
Screening of adverse childhood experiences using adverse childhood experiences - questionnaire (ACEs - Q) among children ages 0-12 in a pediatric primary care setting
Creators: name: Adetule, Olubunmi
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: Purpose of the Project: Effects of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) present a major challenge to the overall health of children even after childhood. In this regard, the identification of ACEs is seen as a critical aspect in any public health setting. About 50% of children globally experience some form of adversities. Early screening and assessment allow for early diagnosis as well as reduce negative health implications associated with such health effects. Research has shown that exposure to adversities such as abuse and physical neglect during childhood and adolescents tender age results in disruptive and negative health outcomes in adulthood. This DNP project aimed to introduce the Center for Youth Wellness Adverse Childhood Experiences-Questionnaire (CYW ACE-Q), a standardized screening tool to promote early detection of ACEs in children ages 0-12 and evaluate providers’ readiness to use the screening tool during wellness visits at pediatric primary care setting. Methodology: Descriptive quality improvement (QI) design was employed at an outpatient pediatric primary care clinic in northern, NJ. The participants attended a-1 hour training session about the background of the original ACE, the importance of screening, how to overcome barriers, and screening for ACEs in the site. Participants asked to report how often they used CYW ACEs-Q during their practice on a weekly basis. Descriptive statistics were used to describe and summarize the data. The Friedman test was employed to examine the change in the weekly usage of ACE-Q with the clients over the 8-week project period.Results: Five providers successfully completed the training session. A Friedman test indicated that frequency to use ACEs-Q were significantly changed over the 8-week period (χ2(7) = 30.333, p < .001). There were positive responses (i.e., agree or strongly agree) to having sufficient time to screen ACEs, feeling comfortable in screening sensitive information, having more resources than barrier to use ACEs, being satisfied using ACEs and willingness to introduce ACEs to other providers.Implications for Practice: The project findings indicated that the clinicians have demonstrated awareness, interest, and willingness to continue use of CYW ACEs-Q routinely in the practice evident by significant change in the weekly usage. This is expected to be extended to hospital, pediatric, family, and urgent care. This will support early detection and increase public/private awareness of ACEs and appropriate referral.
Emergent Dark Universe and the Swampland Criteria
Creators: name: Cai, Rong-Gen
name: Khimphun, Sunly
name: Lee, Bum-Hoon
name: Sun, Sichun
name: Tumurtushaa, Gansukh
name: Zhang, Yun-Long
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a model of the emergent dark universe, which lives on the time-like hypersurface in a five-dimensional bulk spacetime. The holographic fluid on the hypersurface is assumed to play the role of the dark sector, mainly including the dark energy and apparent dark matter. Based on the modified Friedmann equations, we present a Markov-Chain-Monte-Carlo analysis with the observational data, including type Ia Supernova and the direct measurement of the Hubble constant. We obtain a good fitting result and the matter component turns out to be small enough, which matches well with our theoretical assumption that only the normal matter is required. After considering the fitting parameters, an effective potential of the model with a dynamical scalar field is reconstructed. The parameters in the swampland criteria are extracted, and they satisfy the criteria at the present epoch but are in tension with the criteria if the potential is extended to the future direction. The method to reconstruct the potential is helpful to study the swampland criteria of other models without an explicit scalar field.
description: v2: 16 pages, 10 figures, 4 tables; References and figures are updated. The problem in typesetting is fixed. Fitting functions of the effective potentials in Sec 4 are improved
A multivariate analysis of health risk assessment, phytoremediation potential, and biochemical attributes of Spinacia oleracea exposed to cadmium in the presence of organic amendments under hydroponic conditions
Creators: name: Shamshad, Saliha
name: Shahid, Muhammad
name: Dumat, Camille
name: Rafiq, Marina
name: Khalid, Sana
name: Sabir, Muhammad
name: Missen, Malik M. S.
name: Shah, Noor S.
name: Farooq, Abu Bakr Umer
name: Murtaza, Behzad
name: Niazi, Nabeel Khan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Cadmium (Cd) phytoremediation potential and its accumulation in edible and nonedible plant tissues is the function of various biochemical processes taking place inside plants. This study assessed the impact of organic ligands on Cd phyto uptake and different biophysiochemical processes of Spinacia oleracea L., and associated health hazards. Plants were exposed to Cd alone and chelated with citric acid (CA) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Results revealed that the effect of Cd on lipid peroxidation, H2O2 production and pigment contents varied greatly with its applied level and the type of organic ligand. Moreover, the effect was more prominent in root tissues than leaf tissues and for high concentrations of Cd and organic ligands. Cadmium accumulation increased by 90 and 74% in roots and leaves, respectively, with increasing Cd levels (25–100 µM). Cadmium exposure at high levels caused lipid peroxidation in roots only. Application of both CA and EDTA slightly diminished Cd toxicity with respect to pigment contents, lipid peroxidation and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents. Hazard quotient (HQ) of Cd was <1.00 for all the treatments. Under nonlinear effect of treatments, multivariate analysis can be an effective tool to trace overall effects/trends.
Construction and calibration of a goniometer to measure contact angles and calculate the surface free energy in solids with uncertainty analysis
Creators: name: Schuster, Jonathan M.
name: Schvezov, Carlos E.
name: Rosenberger, Mario R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here, we present the construction and calibration of a low-cost goniometer to measure contact angles by the sessile drop method. Besides, we propose a simple and fast method to calculate the uncertainty in the determination of the surface free energy (SFE) and its polar and dispersive components through the Owens-Wendt model and tested it by using two testing liquids. The goniometer performance and the SFE uncertainty were determined on two polymers: polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE) and polyoxymethylene (POM), by using water and methylene iodide. The values of contact angle measured were used to calculate the SFE and its components with their errors. The SFE values obtained for PTFE were 17.57-17.91 mJ/m^2, with a relative error lower than 5.5 %, whereas those for POM were 42.80-43.23 mJ/m^2, with a relative error lower than 4.3%. Both the SFE values and the errors were in the range of those previously reported. Based on the mathematical analysis of the uncertainty propagation in the determination of SFE, we concluded that the uncertainty is minimized when the testing liquids are an apolar liquid and water.
A study of possible temporal and latitudinal variations in the properties of the solar tachocline
Creators: name: Basu, Sarbani
name: Antia, H. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Temporal variations of the structure and the rotation rate of the solar tachocline region are studied using helioseismic data from the Global Oscillation Network Group (GONG) and the Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI) obtained during the period 1995--2000. We do not find any significant temporal variation in the depth of the convection zone, the position of the tachocline or the extent of overshoot below the convection zone. No systematic variation in any other properties of the tachocline, like width, etc., is found either. Possibility of periodic variations in these properties is also investigated. Time-averaged results show that the tachocline is prolate with a variation by about 0.02R_sun in its position. The depth of the convection zone or the extent of overshoot does not show any significant variation with latitude.
description: To appear in MNRAS
COVID-19 in cancer patients: clinical characteristics and outcome—an analysis of the LEOSS registry
Creators: name: Rüthrich, Maria Madeleine
name: Giessen-Jung, C.
name: Borgmann, S.
name: Classen, A. Y.
name: Dolff, S.
name: Grüner, B.
name: Hanses, F.
name: Isberner, N.
name: Köhler, P.
name: Lanznaster, J.
name: Merle, U.
name: Nadalin, S.
name: Piepel, C.
name: Schneider, J.
name: Schons, M.
name: Strauss, R.
name: Tometten, L.
name: Vehreschild, J. J.
name: Von Lilienfeld-Toal, M.
name: Beutel, G.
name: Wille, K.
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: COVID-19
subject: SARS-CoV-2
subject: Cancer patients
subject: Pandemic
subject: LEOSS
subject: Cohort study
subject: Adjusted analysis
subject: DDC 610 / Medicine & health

description: Introduction Since the early SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, cancer patients have been assumed to be at higher risk for severe COVID-19. Here, we present an analysis of cancer patients from the LEOSS (Lean European Open Survey on SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patients) registry to determine whether cancer patients are at higher risk. Patients and methods We retrospectively analyzed a cohort of 435 cancer patients and 2636 non-cancer patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, enrolled between March 16 and August 31, 2020. Data on socio-demographics, comorbidities, cancer-related features and infection course were collected. Age-, sex- and comorbidity-adjusted analysis was performed. Primary endpoint was COVID-19-related mortality. Results In total, 435 cancer patients were included in our analysis. Commonest age category was 76–85 years (36.5%), and 40.5% were female. Solid tumors were seen in 59% and lymphoma and leukemia in 17.5% and 11% of patients. Of these, 54% had an active malignancy, and 22% had recently received anti-cancer treatments. At detection of SARS-CoV-2, the majority (62.5%) presented with mild symptoms. Progression to severe COVID-19 was seen in 55% and ICU admission in 27.5%. COVID-19-related mortality rate was 22.5%. Male sex, advanced age, and active malignancy were associated with higher death rates. Comparing cancer and non-cancer patients, age distribution and comorbidity differed significantly, as did mortality (14% vs 22.5%, p value < 0.001). After adjustments for other risk factors, mortality was comparable. Conclusion Comparing cancer and non-cancer patients, outcome of COVID-19 was comparable after adjusting for age, sex, and comorbidity. However, our results emphasize that cancer patients as a group are at higher risk due to advanced age and pre-existing conditions.
Additional file 4 of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Marmota himalayana
Creators: name: Duan, Ran
name: Lv, Dongyue
name: Fan, Rong
name: Fu, Guoming
name: Mu, Hui
name: Xi, Jinxiao
name: Lu, Xinmin
name: Chun, Hua
name: Hua, Jun
name: He, Zhaokai
name: Qin, Shuai
name: Huang, Yanyan
name: Xiao, Meng
name: Yang, Jinchuan
name: Jing, Huaiqi
name: Wang, Xin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4: Table S2. Nucleotide sequence identity matrix for groEL genes within the Anaplasma genus.
Avaliação dosimétrica de um equipamento de radiodiagnóstico do Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia
Creators: name: Barros, Cássia Eugênia
name: Perini, Ana Paula
name: Milken, Vanessa Martins Fayad
name: Santos, William De Souza
name: Neves, Lucio Pereira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Radiologia, Medicina Veterinária, Dose Equivalente, Raios-X

description: Esse trabalho tem como objetivo estudar o equipamento de Raios- X e a dose recebida pelos profissionais no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia. Foi observado que o equipamento analisado não está dentro dos padrões necessários para garantir segurança para os profissionais e melhor qualidade da imagem. A dose recebida no cristalino pelos profissionais está dentro do que a portaria 453/98 estabelece, porém, a área de Medicina Veterinária ainda precisa de uma atenção maior quando se trata de radiodiagnóstico devido à grande exposição desnecessária nas extremidades.
Hemicorallium Gray 1867
Creators: name: Nonaka, Masanori
name: Hayashibara, Takeshi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Anthozoa
Alcyonacea
Coralliidae
Hemicorallium

description: Key to the species of Hemicorallium from Hawaii and the Western Pacific
1. Coenenchyme (except tip or autozooid mounds) color whitish or yellowish 2
— Coenenchyme color reddish or orangeish 4
 2. Autozooid mounds large (1.4–1.6 mm in diameter) and tall (1.7–2.2 mm), pale red in color Hemicorallium guttatum Tu, Dai, and Jeng, 2016
— Autozooid mounds small and short (approx. 1.0 mm), whitish in color 3
3. Branching rather bushy; double-clubs present
description: Published as part of Nonaka, Masanori & Hayashibara, Takeshi, 2021, A Report on Coralliidae (Cnidaria: Octocorallia) Specimens Collected from the Emperor Seamounts with Descriptions of Three New Species, pp. 297-342 in Species Diversity 26 on page 340, DOI: 10.12782/specdiv.26.297, http://zenodo.org/record/5739111
La invención de máquinas para lavado de carbón en Asturias: patrimonio material olvidado
Creators: name: Sierra, Antonio Luis Marques
name: Anes, Noe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 210202 Heritage and Cultural Conservation
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: Coal was an fmportant economic resource for Asturias, and on it and the stee/ industry was forged the industrial revolutlon in thee region. Paradoxically, industrial creation and invention associated wilh coal preparation ls very scarce. The mechanical preparation of coal, its washing and sorting by size, which is the viewpoint of the production process, has 10 patents In Asttmas; lt is a very low level of invention for a very strong lndustry in the minlng colliers between 1878-1966. These machines created to improve coal washing come tobe modificatlons or variations of foreign machinery.