cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Transport of a colloidal particle driven across a temporally oscillating optical potential energy landscape
Creators: name: Abbott, Joshua L.
name: Straube, Arthur V.
name: Aarts, Dirk G. A. L.
name: Dullens, Roel P. A.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: dynamic mode locking
subject: colloids
subject: optical potential energy landscape
subject: optical trapping
subject: nonlinear dynamics
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: A colloidal particle is driven across a temporally oscillating one-dimensional optical potential energy landscape and its particle motion is analysed. Different modes of dynamic mode locking are observed and are confirmed with the use of phase portraits. The effect of the oscillation frequency on the mode locked step width is addressed and the results are discussed in light of a high-frequency theory and compared to simulations. Furthermore, the influence of the coupling between the particle and the optical landscape on mode locking is probed by increasing the maximum depth of the optical landscape. Stronger coupling is seen to increase the width of mode locked steps. Finally, transport across the temporally oscillating landscape is studied by measuring the effective diffusion coefficient of a mobile particle, which is seen to be highly sensitive to the driving velocity and mode locking.
The Sine Transform of Isotropic Measures
Creators: name: Maresch, Gabriel
name: Schuster, Franz E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52A20, 52A41, 53Cxx

description: Sharp isoperimetric inequalities for the sine transform of even isotropic measures are established. The corresponding reverse inequalities are obtained in an asymptotically optimal form. These new inequalities have direct applications to strong volume estimates for convex bodies from data about their sections or projections.
Homeopathy for seasonal allergic rhinitis: rationale, design and methods of the three-armed randomized controlled HOMEOSAR trial
Creators: name: Siewert, Julia
name: Teut, Michael
name: Gaertner, K.
name: Binting, S.
name: Eberhardt, Cornelia
name: Ortiz, M.
name: Grabowska, Weronika
name: Reinhold, Thomas
name: Roll, Stephanie
name: Stoeckigt, Barbara
name: Willich, Stephan N.
name: Cramer, H.
name: Brinkhaus, Benno
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Homeopathy
subject: Complementary and alternative medicine
subject: Allergy
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Seasonal allergic rhinitis
subject: Randomized controlled trial
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) frequently use homeopathic therapy. Although there is some evidence that homeopathy may be effective in treating symptoms of SAR, there is a lack of high-quality clinical trials. Therefore, the aim of the homeopathy for SAR (HOMEOSAR) trial is to determine the efficacy of individualized or standardized homeopathic drug treatment compared to placebo regarding rhinitis-related quality of life in patients with SAR. Methods: This randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, three-armed intervention study will be conducted at two university hospital outpatient clinics for complementary and integrative medicine in Berlin and in 12 office-based practices specializing in homeopathic treatment in Germany. A total of 270 patients with clinical symptoms of SAR and positive allergy test to birch and grass pollen will receive homeopathic anamnesis and subsequently be randomized into (a) standardized homeopathic drug treatment with Galphimia Glauca (potency D6), (b) individualized homeopathic drug treatment (D6), or (c) placebo. All three groups can receive on-demand rescue medication as needed. Treatment will consist of two consultations and daily intake of the study medication for 4 weeks during the pollen season. The primary outcome is the mean overall score of the Rhinitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQ) in weeks 3 and 4, analyzed using analysis of covariance (adjusted for baseline RQLQ overall score and study center). A closed testing procedure will be used to control the overall type I error comparing the 3 treatment groups. Secondary outcomes include the overall RQLQ and its seven domain scores, responder status (decrease in RQLQ overall score of at least 0.5 points compared to the baseline value), use of rescue medication, intensity of total and individual SAR symptoms based on visual analog scale, generic health-related quality of life, safety, utilization of health care resources and associated costs. In addition, a qualitative data analysis is planned. Conclusion: The results of our study will contribute to clarifying the possible therapeutic effects of homeopathic drug treatment for patients with SAR.
Three-dimensional view of ultrafast dynamics in photoexcited bacteriorhodopsin
Creators: name: Kovacs, Gabriela Nass
name: Colletier, Jacques-Philippe
name: Grünbein, Marie Luise
name: Yang, Yang
name: Stensitzki, Till
name: Ehrenberg, David
name: Schlesinger, Ramona
name: Heberle, Joachim
name: Heyne, Karsten
name: Batyuk, Alexander
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: bacteriorhodopsin
subject: quantum chemistry
subject: photon absorption
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Bacteriorhodopsin (bR) is a light-driven proton pump. The primary photochemical event upon light absorption is isomerization of the retinal chromophore. Here we used time-resolved crystallography at an X-ray free-electron laser to follow the structural changes in multiphoton-excited bR from 250 femtoseconds to 10 picoseconds. Quantum chemistry and ultrafast spectroscopy were used to identify a sequential two-photon absorption process, leading to excitation of a tryptophan residue flanking the retinal chromophore, as a first manifestation of multiphoton effects. We resolve distinct stages in the structural dynamics of the all-trans retinal in photoexcited bR to a highly twisted 13-cis conformation. Other active site sub-picosecond rearrangements include correlated vibrational motions of the electronically excited retinal chromophore, the surrounding amino acids and water molecules as well as their hydrogen bonding network. These results show that this extended photo-active network forms an electronically and vibrationally coupled system in bR, and most likely in all retinal proteins.
The cosmic evolution of oxygen and nitrogen abundances in star-forming galaxies over the past 10 Gyrs
Creators: name: Perez-Montero, E.
name: Contini, T.
name: Lamareille, F.
name: Maier, C.
name: Carollo, C. M.
name: Kneib, J. P.
name: Fevre, O. Le
name: Lilly, S.
name: Mainieiri, V.
name: Renzini, A.
name: Scodeggio, M.
name: Zamorani, G.
name: Bardelli, S.
name: Bolzonella, M.
name: Bongiorno, A.
name: Caputi, K.
name: Cucciati, O.
name: de la Torre, S.
name: de Ravel, L.
name: Franzetti, P.
name: Garilli, B.
name: Iovino, A.
name: Kampczyk, P.
name: Knobel, C.
name: Kovac, K.
name: Borgne, J. F. Le
name: Brun, V. Le
name: Mignoli, M.
name: Pello, R.
name: Peng, Y.
name: Presotto, V.
name: Ricciardelli, E.
name: Silverman, J. D.
name: Tanaka, M.
name: Tasca, L. A. M.
name: Tresse, L.
name: Vergani, D.
name: Zucca, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The chemical evolution of galaxies on a cosmological timescale is still a matter of debate despite the increasing number of available data provided by spectroscopic surveys of star-forming galaxies at different redshifts. The fundamental relations involving metallicity, such as the mass-metallicity relation (MZR) or the fundamental-metallicity relation, give controversial results about the reality of evolution of the chemical content of galaxies at a given stellar mass. In this work we shed some light on this issue using the completeness reached by the 20k bright sample of the zCOSMOS survey and using for the first time the nitrogen-to-oxygen ratio (N/O) as a tracer of the gas phase chemical evolution of galaxies that is independent of the star formation rate. Emission-line galaxies both in the SDSS and 20k zCOSMOS bright survey were used to study the evolution from the local Universe of the $MZR up to a redshift of 1.32 and the relation between stellar mass and nitrogen-to-oxygen ratio (MNOR) up to a redshift of 0.42 using the N2S2 parameter. All the physical properties derived from stellar continuum and gas emission-lines, including stellar mass, star formation rates, metallicity and N/O, were calculated in a self-consistent way over the full redshift range. We confirm the trend to find lower metallicities in galaxies of a given stellar mass in a younger Universe. This trend is even observed when taking possible selection effects into account that are due to the observed larger median star formation rates for galaxies at higher redshifts. We also find a significant evolution of the MNOR up to z = 0.4. Taking the slope of the O/H vs. N/O relation into account for the secondary-nitrogen production regime, the observed evolution of the MNOR is consistent with the trends found for both the MZR and its equivalent relation using new expressions to reduce its dependence on SFR.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics. Replaced to match published version and references corrected
Estimating soil degradation in montane grasslands of North-eastern Italian Alps (Italy)
Creators: name: Torresani, Loris
name: Wu, Jianshuang
name: Masin, Roberta
name: Penasa, Mauro
name: Tarolli, Paolo
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: environmental science
subject: erosion
subject: earth-surface processes
subject: geographic information systems
subject: grazing
subject: soil erosion
subject: satellite images
subject: structure from motion
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::577 Ökologie

description: Grasslands cover a large portion of the terrestrial ecosystems, and are vital for biodiversity conservation, environmental protection and livestock husbandry. However, grasslands are degraded due to unreasonable management worldwide, i.e., soil erosion indirectly due to the damage of overgrazing on vegetation coverage and soil texture. An in-depth investigation is necessary to quantify soil erosion in alpine pastures, in order to manage grasslands more sustainably. In this work, we collected freely available satellite images and carried out intensive field surveys for the whole Autonomous Province of Trento (Northeastern Italian Alps) in 2016. The area (and volume) of soil erosions were then estimated and shown in maps. The average of the depths of soil erosion measured in field was used as a reference for estimating soil erosion of the entire study area. High-resolution DEMs difference in soil surface conditions was also computed in two representative areas between pre- and post-degradation to estimate the volume and the average depth of eroded soils. The degradation of soil in the study areas has been estimated in 144063 m2 and an estimated volume of 33610 ± 1800 m3. Results indicate that our procedure can serve as a low-cost approach for a rapid estimation of soil erosion in mountain areas. Mapping soil erosion can improve the sustainability of grazing management system and reduce the risk of pastureland degradation at large spatial scales.
Competitive accretion in the protocluster G10.6-0.4?
Creators: name: Liu, Tie
name: Wu, Yuefang
name: Wu, Jingwen
name: Qin, Sheng-Li
name: Zhang, Huawei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of high spatial resolution observations at 1.1 mm waveband, with the Submillimetre Array (SMA), towards the protocluster G10.6-0.4. The 1.1 mm continuum emission reveals seven dense cores, towards which infall motions are all detected with the red-shifted absorption dips in HCN (3--2) line. This is the first time that infall is seen towards multiple sources in a protocluster. We also identified four infrared point sources in this region, which are most likely Class 0/I protostars. Two jet-like structures are also identified from Spitzer/IRAC image. The dense core located in the centre has much larger mass than the off-centre cores. The clump is in overall collapse and the infall motion is supersonic. The standard deviation of core velocities and the velocity differences between the cores and the cloud/clump are all larger than the thermal velocity dispersion. The picture of G10.6-0.4 seems to favor the "competitive accretion" model but needs to be tested by further observations.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables, Submitted to MNRAS
O Direito das Obrigações visto sob uma perspectiva Civil-constitucional
Creators: name: Florindo da Silva, Heleno
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Direito das Obrigações
Direito Civil
Direito Constitucional

description: O Direito das Obrigações nasce no momento em que algumas sociedades então existentes estabeleceram em seu meio a atividade negocial, que hoje se corporifica pela celebração dos negócios jurídicos. À época, as obrigações possuíam natureza estritamente comercial. No início, a responsabilidade pelas dívidas recaía sobre a pessoa do devedor (mais precisamente sobre seu corpo, o qual, se fosse o caso, era despedaçado e repartido entre seus credores).
Foretellings of Ragnarök: World-engulfing Asymptotic Giants and the Inheritance of White Dwarfs
Creators: name: Mustill, Alexander James
name: Villaver, Eva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The search for planets around White Dwarf stars, and evidence for dynamical instability around them in the form of atmospheric pollution and circumstellar discs, raises questions about the nature of planetary systems that can survive the vicissitudes of the Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB). We study the competing effects, on planets at several AU from the star, of strong tidal forces arising from the star's large convective envelope, and of the planets' orbital expansion due to stellar mass loss. We, for the first time, study the evolution of planets while following each thermal pulse on the AGB. For Jovian planets, tidal forces are strong, and can pull into the envelope planets initially at ~3 AU for a 1M_Sol star and ~5 AU for a 5M_Sol star. Lower-mass planets feel weaker tidal forces, and Terrestrial planets initially within 1.5-3 AU enter the stellar envelope. Thus, low-mass planets that begin inside the maximum stellar radius can survive, as their orbits expand due to mass loss. The inclusion of a moderate planetary eccentricity slightly strengthens the tidal forces experienced by Jovian planets. Eccentric Terrestrial planets are more at risk, since their eccentricity does not decay and their small pericentre takes them inside the stellar envelope. We also find the closest radii at which planets will be found around White Dwarfs, assuming that any planet entering the stellar envelope is destroyed. Planets are in that case unlikely to be found inside ~1.5 AU of a White Dwarf with a 1M_Sol progenitor and ~10 AU of a White Dwarf with a 5M_Sol progenitor.
description: 13 pages, 14 figures; accepted to ApJ. Minor corrections following review of proofs. Queen's English is maintained. President's English version is available at http://iopscience.iop.org/0004-637X/761/2/121/
Cr isotopes in physically separated components of the Allende CV3 and Murchison CM2 chondrites: Implications for isotopic heterogeneity in the solar nebula and parent body processes
Creators: name: Kadlag, Yogita
name: Becker, Harry
name: Harbott, Andreas
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cr isotopes
subject: Allende CV3
subject: Murchison CM2 chondrites
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::551 Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::549 Mineralogie

description: Chromium isotopic data of physically separated components (chondrules, CAIs, variably magnetic size fractions) of the carbonaceous chondrites Allende and Murchison and bulk rock data of Allende, Ivuna, and Orgueil are reported to evaluate the origin of isotopic heterogeneity in these meteorites. Allende components show ε53Cr and ε54Cr from −0.23 ± 0.07 to 0.37 ± 0.05 and from −0.43 ± 0.08 to 3.7 ± 0.1, respectively. In components of Murchison, ε53Cr and ε54Cr vary from −0.06 ± 0.08 to 0.5 ± 0.1 and from 0.7 ± 0.2 to 1.7 ± 0.1, respectively. The non‐systematic variations of ε53Cr and 55Mn/52Cr in the components of Allende and Murchison were likely caused by small‐scale, alteration‐related redistribution of Mn >20 Ma after formation of the solar system. Chondrule fractions show the lowest 55Mn/52Cr and ε54Cr values of all components, consistent with evaporation of Mn and ε54Cr‐rich carrier phases from chondrule precursors. Components other than the chondrules show higher Mn/Cr and ε54Cr, suggestive of chemical and isotopic complementarity between chondrules and matrix‐rich fractions. Bulk rock compositions calculated based on weighted compositions of components agree with measured Cr isotope data of bulk rocks, in spite of the Cr isotopic heterogeneity reported by the present and previous studies. This indicates that on a sampling scale comprising several hundred milligrams, these meteorites sampled isotopically and chemically homogeneous nebular reservoirs. The linear correlation of 55Mn/52Cr with ε53Cr in bulk rocks likely was caused by variable fractionation of Mn/Cr, subsequent mixing of phases in nebular domains, and radiogenic ingrowth of 53Cr.
The generalized cusp in ABJ(M) N = 6 Super Chern-Simons theories
Creators: name: Griguolo, Luca
name: Marmiroli, Daniele
name: Martelloni, Gabriele
name: Seminara, Domenico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a generalized cusped Wilson loop operator in N = 6 super Chern-Simons-matter theories which is locally invariant under half of the supercharges. It depends on two parameters and interpolates smoothly between the 1/2 BPS line or circle and a pair of antiparallel lines, representing a natural generalization of the quark-antiquark potential in ABJ(M) theories. For particular choices of the parameters we obtain 1/6 BPS configurations that, mapped on S^2 by a conformal transformation, realize a three-dimensional analogue of the wedge DGRT Wilson loop of N = 4. The cusp couples, in addition to the gauge and scalar fields of the theory, also to the fermions in the bifundamental representation of the U(N)xU(M) gauge group and its expectation value is expressed as the holonomy of a suitable superconnection. We discuss the definition of these observables in terms of traces and the role of the boundary conditions of fermions along the loop. We perform a complete two-loop analysis, obtaining an explicit result for the generalized cusp at the second non-trivial order, from which we read off the interaction potential between heavy 1/2 BPS particles in the ABJ(M) model. Our results open the possibility to explore in the three-dimensional case the connection between localization properties and integrability, recently advocated in D = 4.
description: 53 pages, 10 figures, added references, this is the version appeared on JHEP
Transverse parton distribution functions at next-to-next-to-leading order: the quark-to-quark case
Creators: name: Gehrmann, Thomas
name: Lübbert, Thomas
name: Yang, Li Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a calculation of the perturbative quark-to-quark transverse parton distribution function at next-to-next-to-leading order based on a gauge invariant operator definition. We demonstrate for the first time that such a definition works beyond the first non-trivial order. We extract from our calculation the coefficient functions relevant for a next-to-next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic $Q_T$ resummation in a large class of processes at hadron colliders.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, revised version, accepted for publication in PRL
Robust weak-measurement protocol for Bohmian velocities
Creators: name: Traversa, F. L.
name: Albareda, G.
name: Di Ventra, M.
name: Oriols, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a protocol for measuring Bohmian - or the mathematically equivalent hydrodynamic - velocities based on an ensemble of two position measurements, defined from a Positive Operator Valued Measure, separated by a finite time interval. The protocol is very accurate and robust as long as the first measurement uncertainty divided by the finite time interval between measurements is much larger than the Bohmian velocity, and the system evolves under flat potential between measurements. The difference between the Bohmian velocity of the unperturbed state and the measured one is predicted to be much smaller than 1% in a large range of parameters. Counter-intuitively, the measured velocity is that at the final time and not a time-averaged value between measurements.
A. Wolf, Gesetzgebung in Europa, 1100-1500. Zur Entstehung der Territorialstaaten. Zweite überarbeitete und erweiterte Auflage des Beitrags zu dem von Helmut Coing herausgegebenen 'Handbuch der Quellen und Literatur der neueren europäischen Privatrechtsgeschichte, 1996
Creators: name: Conte, E.
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: Francia, Bd. 26 Nr. 1 (1999)
EM DEFESA DAS INSTITUIÇÕES REPUBLICANAS
Creators: name: Santana, José Cláudio Pavão
Publisher: name: Zenodo - Cadernos da Pena do Pavao
Year: 2023

description: Ano 07 – n. 06/2019
A profusão de adjetivações pejorativas com as quais nos deparamos nas redes sociais para as Instituições do Estado é, muitas vezes, de estarrecer.
Há de tudo um pouco (ou um muito) mas é preciso separar o joio do trigo.
In-situ cosmogenic 14C analysis at ETH Zürich: Characterization and performance of a new extraction system
Creators: name: Lupker, Maarten
name: Hippe, Kristina
name: Wacker, Lukas
name: Steinemann, Olivia
name: Tikhomirov, Dmitry
name: Maden, Colin
name: Haghipour, Negar
name: Synal, Hans-Arno
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: in-situ 14C
subject: cosmogenic nuclide
subject: methods
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: We present a new in-situ cosmogenic 14C extraction system developed at ETH Zürich. This system quantitatively extracts 14C produced in quartz by cosmic rays using a high temperature extraction procedure. A key improvement of the new extraction system is the implementation of largely automated sequences, CO2 transport in a He flow and the addition of a “dead” CO2 carrier gas, which ensure highly reproducible operation while limiting the required operator attendance. Intercomparison quartz samples were routinely measured over a year of operation and yield 14C concentrations of 7.27 (±0.03) · 105 at/g quartz for CRONUS-A (n = 7) and 1.24 (±0.17) · 104 at/g quartz for CRONUS-N (n = 4). The excellent performance of the new system is highlighted by low procedural blanks of ca. 3 · 104 14C atoms and coefficients of variation for the CRONUS-A and CRONUS-N analyses of only 0.4% and 14% respectively.
Tsallis Fits to p_T Spectra for pp Collisions at LHC
Creators: name: Wong, Cheuk-Yin
name: Wilk, Grzegorz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phenomenological Tsallis fits to the CMS and ATLAS transverse spectra of charged particles were found to extend for p_T from 0.5 to 181 GeV in pp collisions at LHC at \sqrt{s}=7 TeV, and for p_T from 0.5 to 31 GeV at \sqrt{s}=0.9 TeV. The simplicity of the Tsallis parametrization and the large range of the fitting transverse momentum raise questions on the physical meaning of the degrees of freedom that enter into the Tsallis distribution or q-statistics.
description: Latex, 7 pages, 1 figure, to be published in Acta Physica Polonica B
Machine learning with the hierarchy‐of‐hypotheses (HoH) approach discovers novel pattern in studies on biological invasions
Creators: name: Ryo, Masahiro
name: Jeschke, Jonathan M.
name: Rillig, Matthias C.
name: Heger, Tina
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: artificial intelligence
subject: hierarchy-of-hypotheses approach
subject: machine learning
subject: meta-analysis
subject: synthesis
subject: systematic review
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::500 Naturwissenschaften::507 Ausbildung, Forschung, verwandte Themen

description: Research synthesis on simple yet general hypotheses and ideas is challenging in scientific disciplines studying highly context‐dependent systems such as medical, social, and biological sciences. This study shows that machine learning, equation‐free statistical modeling of artificial intelligence, is a promising synthesis tool for discovering novel patterns and the source of controversy in a general hypothesis. We apply a decision tree algorithm, assuming that evidence from various contexts can be adequately integrated in a hierarchically nested structure. As a case study, we analyzed 163 articles that studied a prominent hypothesis in invasion biology, the enemy release hypothesis. We explored if any of the nine attributes that classify each study can differentiate conclusions as classification problem. Results corroborated that machine learning can be useful for research synthesis, as the algorithm could detect patterns that had been already focused in previous narrative reviews. Compared with the previous synthesis study that assessed the same evidence collection based on experts' judgement, the algorithm has newly proposed that the studies focusing on Asian regions mostly supported the hypothesis, suggesting that more detailed investigations in these regions can enhance our understanding of the hypothesis. We suggest that machine learning algorithms can be a promising synthesis tool especially where studies (a) reformulate a general hypothesis from different perspectives, (b) use different methods or variables, or (c) report insufficient information for conducting meta‐analyses.
Breakdown of Stokes-Einstein relation in the supercooled liquid state of phase change materials
Creators: name: Sosso, Gabriele C.
name: Behler, Joerg
name: Bernasconi, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The application of amorphous chalcogenide alloys as data-storage media relies on their ability to undergo an extremely fast (10-100 ns) crystallisation once heated at sufficiently high temperature. However, the peculiar features that make these materials so attractive for memory devices still lack a comprehensive microscopic understanding. By means of large scale molecular dynamics simulations, we demonstrate that the supercooled liquid of the prototypical compound GeTe shows a very high atomic mobility (D \sim 10^(-6) cm2/s) down to temperatures close to the glass transition temperatures. This behaviour leads to a breakdown of the Stokes-Einstein relation between the self- diffusion coefficient and the viscosity in the supercooled liquid. The results suggest that the fragility of the supercooled liquid is the key to understand the fast crystallisation process in this class of materials.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
An unexpected rhenium(IV)–rhenium(VII) salt: [Co(NH3)6]3[ReVIIO4][ReIVF6]4·6H2O
Creators: name: Louis–Jean, James
name: Balasekaran, Samundeeswari Mariappan
name: Hagenbach, Adelheid
name: Poineau, Frederic
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: crystal structure
subject: hexa­mine-cobalt
subject: perrhenate
subject: hexa­fluoro­rhenate
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::546 Anorganische Chemie

description: The title hydrated salt, tris­[hexa­amminecobalt(III)] tetraoxidorhenate(VII) tetra­kis­[hexa­fluorido­rhenate(IV)] hexa­hydrate, arose unexpectedly due to possible contamination of the K2ReF6 starting material with KReO4. It consists of octa­hedral [Co(NH3)6]3+ cation (Co1 site symmetry 1), tetra­hedral [ReVIIO4]− anions (Re site symmetry 1) and octa­hedral [ReIVF6]2− anions (Re site symmetries 1and \overline{3}). The [ReF6]2− octa­hedral anions (mean Re—F = 1.834 Å), [Co(NH3)6]3+ octa­hedral cations (mean Co—N = 1.962 Å), and the [ReO4]− tetra­hedral anion (mean Re—O = 1.719 Å) are slightly distorted. A network of N—H...F hydrogen bonds consolidates the structure. The crystal studied was refined as a two-component twin.
Resonant manifestations of chiral excitons in magnetooptical Faraday and Kerr effects in topological insulator film
Creators: name: Efimkin, D. K.
name: Lozovik, Yu. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Manifestation of chiral excitons on surfaces of topological insulator thin film with magnetically induced energy gap in the surface spectrum in magnetooptical Kerr and Faraday effects is analyzes. Excitonic contribution to a surface optical conductivity tensor is calculated. Chiral excitons contrary to conventional ones resonantly contribute to Hall conductivity due to lack of the symmetry between the states with opposite angular momentum. They can lead to considerable enhancement of Faraday angle and ellipticity of transmitted electromagnetic wave. Chiral excitons cause decrease of Kerr angle and prominent signatures in ellipticity of reflected electromagnetic wave. Conditions for experimental observation of described effects are discussed.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures, Published version
Existence of long‐time solutions to dynamic problems of viscoelasticity with rate‐and‐state friction
Creators: name: Pipping, Elias
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: ageing law
subject: quasivariational evolutionary inequality
subject: rate‐and‐state friction
subject: surface friction
subject: viscoelasticity
subject: 74L10
subject: 74M10
subject: 35Q74
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::510 Mathematik::519 Wahrscheinlichkeiten, angewandte Mathematik

description: We establish existence of global solutions to a dynamic problem of bilateral contact between a rigid surface and a viscoelastic body, subject to rate‐and‐state friction. The term rate‐and‐state friction describes friction laws where the friction is rate‐dependent and depends on an additional internal state variable defined on the contact surface. Our mathematical conditions rule out certain slip laws, but do cover the ageing law, and thus at least one of the rate‐and‐state friction laws commonly used in the geoscience.
QCD analysis of Lambda hyperon production in DIS target-fragmentation region
Creators: name: Ceccopieri, Federico Alberto
name: Mancusi, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider Lambda-hyperon production in the target-fragmentation region of semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering within the framework of fracture functions. We present a first attempt to determine the flavour and energy dependences of these non-perturbative distributions through a simultaneous QCD-based fit to available neutral- and charged-current semi-inclusive-DIS cross sections. Predictions based on the resulting nucleon-to-Lambda fracture functions are in good agreement with data and observables not included in the regression. The successful prediction of the $Q^2$ dependence of the Lambda multiplicity notably represents the first validation of the perturbative framework implied by fracture functions.
description: Detailed comparison to quark-gluon string model added together with 3 additional plots. Three references added. Conclusions unchanged. Minor corrections to the text. 18 pages, 18 figures, 3 tables
Photoexcited triplet states of twisted acenes investigated by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance
Creators: name: Tait, Claudia E.
name: Bedi, Anjan
name: Gidron, Ori
name: Behrends, Jan
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: twisted acenes
subject: Electron Paramagnetic Resonance
subject: photoexcited triplet states
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Twisting of the acene backbone out of planarity in twisted acenes leads to a variation in their optical and electronic properties. The effect of increasing twist angles on the properties of the photoexcited triplet states of a series of anthracene-based helically tethered twisted acenes is investigated here by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Increasing signal intensities with increasing twist angles indicate increased intersystem crossing efficiencies for the twisted molecules compared to the untethered reference compound. Variations in the electron spin polarisation observed in the transient EPR spectra, in particular for the compound with the shortest tether, imply changes in the sublevel population kinetics depending on molecular geometry. Changes in the zero-field splitting parameters and in the proton hyperfine couplings for compounds with short tethers and therefore higher twist angles point towards a slight redistribution of the spin density compared to the parent compound. The experimental results can be explained by considering both an increase in twist angle and a related decrease in the dihedral angle between the phenyl side groups and the acene core. The observation of a clear excitation-wavelength dependence suggests preferential excitation of different molecular conformations, with conformers characterised by higher twist angles selected at higher wavelengths.
É A QUESTÃO
Creators: name: Santana, José Cláudio Pavão
Publisher: name: Zenodo - Cadernos da Pena do Pavao
Year: 2023

description: Ano 07 – n. 25/2019
Assistindo a um telejornal local constato que a pobreza vocabular se apresenta no mal hábito do momento. Em tudo é colocada a locução "é a questão".
O assunto pode não ter questão alguma, mas é só alguém abrir a boca e "a questão" aparece.
Enterprise social networks as digital infrastructures - understanding the utilitarian value of social media at the workplace
Creators: name: Meske, Christian
name: Wilms, Konstantin
name: Stieglitz, Stefan
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: enterprise social networks
subject: digital infrastructure
subject: usefulness
subject: enjoyment
subject: adoption
subject: use continuance
subject: small- and medium-sized enterprises
subject: PLS-SEM
subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 Datenverarbeitung; Informatik
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft::331 Arbeitsökonomie

description: In this study, we first show that while both the perceived usefulness and perceived enjoyment of enterprise social networks impact employees’ intentions for continuous participation, the utilitarian value significantly outpaces its hedonic value. Second, we prove that the network’s utilitarian value is constituted by its digital infrastructure characteristics: versatility, adaptability, interconnectedness and invisibility-in-use. The study is set within a software engineering company and bases on quantitative survey research, applying partial least squares structural equation modeling.
No clear submillimetre signature of suppressed star formation amongst X-ray luminous AGNs
Creators: name: Harrison, C. M.
name: Alexander, D. M.
name: Mullaney, J. R.
name: Altieri, B.
name: Coia, D.
name: Charmandaris, V.
name: Daddi, E.
name: Dannerbauer, H.
name: Dasyra, K.
name: Del Moro, A.
name: Dickinson, M.
name: Hickox, R. C.
name: Ivison, R. J.
name: Kartaltepe, J.
name: Floc'h, E. Le
name: Leiton, R.
name: Magnelli, B.
name: Popesso, P.
name: Rovilos, E.
name: Rosario, D.
name: Swinbank, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many theoretical models require powerful active galactic nuclei (AGNs) to suppress star formation in distant galaxies and reproduce the observed properties of today's massive galaxies. A recent study based on Herschel-SPIRE submillimetre observations claimed to provide direct support for this picture, reporting a significant decrease in the mean star-formation rates (SFRs) of the most luminous AGNs (Lx>10^44 erg/s) at z=1-3 in the Chandra Deep Field-North (CDF-N). In this letter we extend these results using Herschel-SPIRE 250um data in the COSMOS and CDF-S fields to achieve an order of magnitude improvement in the number of sources at Lx>10^44 erg/s. On the basis of our analysis, we find no strong evidence for suppressed star formation in Lx>10^44 erg/s AGNs at z=1-3. The mean SFRs of the AGNs are constant over the broad X-ray luminosity range of Lx~10^43-10^45 erg/s (with mean SFRs consistent with typical star-forming galaxies at z~2; ~100-200 Msol/yr). We suggest that the previous CDF-N results were likely due to low number statistics. We discuss our results in the context of current theoretical models.
description: Published: ApJL 760:L15 (2012); 6 pages; 3 figures; Email: c.m.harrison@durham.ac.uk
Living evidence of a fossil survival strategy raises hope for warming-affected corals
Creators: name: Kersting, Diego K.
name: Linares, Cristina
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: warming-affected corals
subject: fossil survival strategy
subject: reef-building corals
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::577 Ökologie

description: Climate change is affecting reef-building corals worldwide, with little hope for recovery. However, coral fossils hint at the existence of environmental stress–triggered survival strategies unreported in extant colonial corals. We document the living evidence and long-term ecological role of such a survival strategy in which isolated polyps from coral colonies affected by warming adopt a transitory resistance phase, in turn expressing a high recovery capacity in dead colony areas. Such processes have been described in fossil corals as rejuvenescence but were previously unknown in extant reef-builder corals. Our results based on 16 years of monitoring show the significance of this process for unexpected recoveries of coral colonies severely affected by warming. These findings provide a link between rejuvenescence in fossil and extant corals and reveal that beyond adaptation and acclimatization processes, modern scleractinian corals show yet undiscovered and highly effective survival strategies that help them withstand and recover from rapid environmental changes.
RRI-GBT Multi-Band Receiver: Motivation, Design & Development
Creators: name: Maan, Yogesh
name: Deshpande, Avinash A.
name: Chandrashekar, Vinutha
name: Chennamangalam, Jayanth
name: Rao, K. B. Raghavendra
name: Somashekar, R.
name: Anderson, Gary
name: Ezhilarasi, M. S.
name: Sujatha, S.
name: Kasturi, S.
name: Sandhya, P.
name: Bauserman, Jonah
name: Duraichelvan, R.
name: Amiri, Shahram
name: Aswathappa, H. A.
name: Barve, Indrajit V.
name: Sarabagopalan, G.
name: Ananda, H. M.
name: Beaudet, Carla
name: Bloss, Marty
name: Dhamnekar, Deepa B.
name: Egan, Dennis
name: Ford, John
name: Krishnamurthy, S.
name: Mehta, Nikhil
name: Minter, Anthony H.
name: Nagaraja, H. N.
name: Narayanaswamy, M.
name: O'Neil, Karen
name: Raja, Wasim
name: Sahasrabudhe, Harshad
name: Shelton, Amy
name: Srivani, K. S.
name: Venugopal, H. V.
name: Viswanathan, Salna T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the design and development of a self-contained multi-band receiver (MBR) system, intended for use with a single large aperture to facilitate sensitive & high time-resolution observations simultaneously in 10 discrete frequency bands sampling a wide spectral span (100-1500 MHz) in a nearly log-periodic fashion. The development of this system was primarily motivated by need for tomographic studies of pulsar polar emission regions. Although the system design is optimized for the primary goal, it is also suited for several other interesting astronomical investigations. The system consists of a dual-polarization multi-band feed (with discrete responses corresponding to the 10 bands pre-selected as relatively RFI-free), a common wide-band RF front-end, and independent back-end receiver chains for the 10 individual sub-bands. The raw voltage time-sequences corresponding to 16 MHz bandwidth each for the two linear polarization channels and the 10 bands, are recorded at the Nyquist rate simultaneously. We present the preliminary results from the tests and pulsar observations carried out with the Green Bank Telescope using this receiver. The system performance implied by these results, and possible improvements are also briefly discussed.
description: 25 pages, 12 figures and 1 Table, Accepted for publication in ApJS
A common live-attenuated avian herpesvirus vaccine expresses a very potent oncogene
Creators: name: Conradie, Andelé M.
name: Bertzbach, Luca D.
name: Bhandari, Nirajan
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: vaccine
subject: CVI988/Rispens
subject: Marek’s disease virus
subject: tumorigenesis
subject: T cell lymphoma
subject: meq gene
subject: basic leucine zipper protein
subject: herpesvirus telomerase RNA
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::616 Krankheiten
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::590 Tiere (Zoologie)::598 Aves (Vögel)

description: Vaccines play a crucial role in the protection of animals and humans from deadly pathogens. The first vaccine that also protected against cancer was developed against the highly oncogenic herpesvirus Marek’s disease virus (MDV). MDV infects chickens and causes severe immunosuppression, neurological signs, and fatal lymphomas, a process that requires the viral oncogene, meq. The most frequently used Marek’s disease vaccine is the live-attenuated CVI988/Rispens (CVI) strain, which efficiently protects chickens and prevents tumorigenesis. Intriguingly, CVI expresses at least two isoforms of meq; however, it remains unknown to what extent these isoforms contribute to virus attenuation. In this study, we individually examined the contribution of the two CVI-meq isoforms to the attenuation of the vaccine. We inserted the respective isoforms into a very virulent MDV (strain RB-1B), thereby replacing its original meq gene. Surprisingly, we could demonstrate that the longer isoform of meq strongly enhanced virus-induced pathogenesis and tumorigenesis, indicating that other mutations in the CVI genome contribute to virus attenuation. On the contrary, the shorter isoform completely abrogated pathogenesis, demonstrating that changes in the meq gene can indeed play a key role in virus attenuation. Taken together, our study provides important evidence on attenuation of one of the most frequently used veterinary vaccines worldwide.
InvasiBES: Understanding and managing the impacts of Invasive alien species on biodiversity and bcosystem services
Creators: name: Gallardo, Belinda
name: Bacher, Sven
name: Bradley, Bethany
name: Comín, Francisco A.
name: Gallien, Laure
name: Jeschke, Jonathan M.
name: Sorte, Cascade J. B.
name: Vilà, Montserrat
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: alien species
subject: biodiversity
subject: climate change
subject: ecosystem services
subject: management scenarios
subject: non-native species
subject: participatory planning
subject: risk assessment
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::577 Ökologie

description: Invasive Alien Species (IAS) are amongst the most significant drivers of species extinction and ecosystem degradation, causing negative impacts on ecosystem services and human well-being. InvasiBES, a project funded by BiodivERsA-Belmont Forum for 2019–2021, will use data and models across scales, habitats and species to understand and anticipate the multi-faceted impacts of IAS and to provide tools for their management. Using Alien Species Narratives as reference, we will design future intervention scenarios focused on prevention, control and eradication of IAS in Europe and the United States, through a participatory process bringing together the expertise of scientists and stakeholders. We will also adapt current impact assessment protocols to assess both the detrimental and beneficial impacts of IAS on biodiversity and ecosystem services. This information will then be combined with maps of the potential distribution of Invasive Species of Interest in Europe under current and future climate-change scenarios. Likewise, we will anticipate areas under risk of invasion by range-shifting plants of concern in the US. Finally, focusing on three local-scale studies that cover a range of habitats (freshwater, terrestrial and marine), invasive species (plants and animals) and ecosystem services (supporting, provisioning, regulating and cultural), we will use empirical field data to quantify the real-world impacts of IAS on biodiversity and ecosystem services and calculate indicators of ecosystem recovery after the invader is removed. Spatial planning tools (InVEST) will be used to evaluate the costs and benefits of species-specific intervention scenarios at the regional scale. Data, models and maps, developed throughout the project, will serve to build scenarios and models of biodiversity and ecosystem services that are relevant to underpin management of IAS at multiple scales.
Família: O Embrião de uma Sociedade
Creators: name: Florindo da Silva, Heleno
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Família
Sociedade
Direitos e Deveres

description: Pouco a pouco a ideia de que a família é uma instituição eterna, forte e invulnerável vai se esvaindo, e em seu lugar vai aparecendo uma família que necessita de cuidados. Necessidades muitas vezes derivadas das grandes transformações perpassadas pela sociedade atual. Por isso há uma preocupação em priorizar a cidadania das famílias e reconhecer a responsabilidade social que se deve possuir em relação a esta instituição.