cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Self-organization of charged particles on a 2D lattice subject to anisotropic Jahn-Teller-type interaction and 3D Coulomb repulsion
Creators: name: Mertelj, T.
name: Kabanov, V. V.
name: Miranda, J.
name: Mihailovic, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Self-organization of charged particles on a 2D lattice, subject to an anisotropic Jahn-Teller-type interaction and 3D Coulomb repulsion is investigated. In the mean-field approximation without Coulomb interaction, the system displays a phase transition of first order. In the presence of the Coulomb repulsion the global phase separation becomes unfavorable and the system shows a mesoscopic phase separation, where the size of the charged regions is determined by the competition between the ordering energy and the Coulomb energy. The phase diagram of the system as a function of particle density and temperature is obtained by systematic Monte Carlo simulations. With decreasing temperature a crossover from a disordered state to a state composed from mesoscopic charged clusters is observed. In the phase separated state charged clusters with even number of particles are more stable than those with odd number of particles in a large range of particle densities. With increasing particle density at low temperatures a series of crossovers between states with different cluster sizes is observed. Above half filling in addition to the low temperature clustering another higher temperature scale, which corresponds to orbital ordering of particles, appears. We suggest that the diverse functional behaviour - including superconductivity - observed in transition metal oxides can be thought to arise from the self-organization of this type.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
The Extended Bigraded Toda hierarchy
Creators: name: Carlet, Guido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37K10, 53D45

description: We generalize the Toda lattice hierarchy by considering N+M dependent variables. We construct roots and logarithms of the Lax operator which are uniquely defined operators with coefficients that are $ε$-series of differential polynomials in the dependent variables, and we use them to provide a Lax pair definition of the extended bigraded Toda hierarchy. Using R-matrix theory we give the bihamiltonian formulation of this hierarchy and we prove the existence of a tau function for its solutions. Finally we study the dispersionless limit and its connection with a class of Frobenius manifolds on the orbit space of the extended affine Weyl groups of the $A$ series.
description: 32 pages, corrected typos
Dynamical transition to spontaneous scalarization in neutron stars: The massive scalar field scenario
Creators: name: Degollado, Juan Carlos
name: Ortiz, Néstor
name: Salgado, Marcelo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze numerically the dynamical transition to spontaneous scalarization in neutron stars in the framework of a scalar-tensor theory of gravity where the scalar field is free but massive, and it is coupled nonminimally to gravity in the Jordan frame. We show that the quasistatic configuration of the star that settles after the transition can avoid the observational constraints imposed on the amount of scalarization by several observations in binary systems due to the presence of the mass term, which suppresses the range of the scalar field. We also study the impact of the scalar field mass on the total mass of the star relative to the massless scenario.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures. Reviewed version. Matches published version in PRD
On 1D, N = 4 Supersymmetric SYK-Type Models (I)
Creators: name: Gates,, S. James
name: Hu, Yangrui
name: Mak, S. -N. Hazel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Proposals are made to describe 1D, N = 4 supersymmetrical systems that extend SYK models by compactifying from 4D, N = 1 supersymmetric Lagrangians involving chiral, vector, and tensor supermultiplets. Quartic fermionic vertices are generated via integrals over the whole superspace, while 2(q-1)-point fermionic vertices are generated via superpotentials. The coupling constants in the superfield Lagrangians are arbitrary, and can be chosen to be Gaussian random. In that case, these 1D, N = 4 supersymmetric SYK models would exhibit Wishart-Laguerre randomness, which share the same feature among other 1D supersymmetric SYK models in literature. One difference with 1D, N = 1 and N = 2 models though, is our models contain dynamical bosons, but this is consistent with other 1D, N = 4 and 2D, N = 2 models in literature. Added conjectures on duality and possible mirror symmetry realizations on these models is noted.
description: LaTex twice, 51 pages, 0 figures
BPS surface observables in six-dimensional (2,0) theory
Creators: name: Arvidsson, Par
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The supergroup OSp(8*|4), which is the superconformal group of (2,0) theory in six dimensions, is broken to the subgroup OSp(4|2)xOSp(4|2) by demanding the invariance of a certain product in a superspace with eight bosonic and four fermionic dimensions. We show that this is consistent with the symmetry breaking induced by the presence of a flat two-dimensional BPS surface in the usual (2,0) superspace, which has six bosonic and sixteen fermionic dimensions.
description: 9 pages, LaTeX. v2: reference added
Incoherent solar-neutrino scattering off the stable Tl-isotopes
Creators: name: Papoulias, Dimitrios K.
name: Hellgren, Matti
name: Suhonen, Jouni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nuclear-structure calculations for the description of low-energy neutral-current neutrino scattering off the stable $^{203,205}$Tl isotopes are performed in the context of the nuclear shell model using the model space jj56pn. Cross-section and event-rate calculations focusing on inelastic solar-neutrino scattering off $^{203,205}$Tl are performed. The individual contributions of the various nuclear responses are presented and discussed, and the results are also illustrated in terms of the nuclear recoil energy. Analytical expressions entering the cross sections are given in order to achieve a direct connection with experimental observables.
description: v1: 29 pages, 14 figures, 3 tables. v2: added a discussion on the nuclear recoil factors, matches published version in PRC
E.C.G. Stueckelberg: a forerunner of modern physics II
Creators: name: Cianfrani, F.
name: Lecian, O. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We will investigate some aspects of Stueckelberg's work, which have contributed to the development of modern physics. On the one hand, the definition of diffuse boundaries in the calculation of scattering amplitudes will be reviewed, and compared with the other proposals by physicists of that time. On the other hand, the applications of Stueckelberg's description of a massive vector field in the Standard Model will be discussed.
description: 8 pages, no figures, to appear in Proceedings of the II Stueckelberg Workshop - Int. J. Mod. Phys. A
Einstein's fluctuation formula. A historical overview
Creators: name: Varro, Sandor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A historical overview is given on the basic results which appeared by the year 1926 concerning Einstein's fluctuation formula of black-body radiation, in the context of light-quanta and wave-particle duality. On the basis of the original publications (from Planck's derivation of the black-body spectrum and Einstein's introduction of the photons up to the results of Born, Heisenberg and Jordan on the quantization of a continuum) a comparative study is presented on the first line of thoughts that led to the concept of quanta. The nature of the particle-like fluctuations and the wave-like fluctuations are analysed by using several approaches. With the help of the classical probability theory, it is shown that the infinite divisibility of the Bose distribution leads to the new concept of classical poissonian photo-multiplets or to the binary photo-multiplets of fermionic character. As an application, Einstein's fluctuation formula is derived as a sum of fermion type fluctuations of the binary photo-multiplets.
description: 34 pages
Vector dark matter from split SU(2) gauge bosons
Creators: name: Hu, Zexi
name: Cai, Chengfeng
name: Tang, Yi-Lei
name: Yu, Zhao-Huan
name: Zhang, Hong-Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a vector dark matter model with an exotic dark SU(2) gauge group. Two Higgs triplets are introduced to spontaneously break the symmetry. All of the dark gauge bosons become massive, and the lightest one is a viable vector DM candidate. Its stability is guaranteed by a remaining Z_2 symmetry. We study the parameter space constrained by the Higgs measurement data, the dark matter relic density, and direct and indirect detection experiments. We find numerous parameter points satisfying all the constraints, and they could be further tested in future experiments. Similar methodology can be used to construct vector dark matter models from an arbitrary SO(N) gauge group.
description: 25 pages, 5 figures
Outflow Bubbles from Compact Binary Mergers Embedded in Active Galactic Nuclei: Cavity Formation and the Impact on Electromagnetic Counterparts
Creators: name: Kimura, Shigeo S.
name: Murase, Kohta
name: Bartos, Imre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel scenario for possible electromagnetic (EM) emission by compact binary mergers in the accretion disks of active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Nuclear star clusters in AGNs are a plausible formation site of compact-stellar binaries (CSBs) whose coalescences can be detected through gravitational waves (GWs). We investigate the accretion onto and outflows from CSBs embedded in AGN disks. We show that these outflows are likely to create outflow "cavities" in the AGN disks before the binaries merge, which makes EM or neutrino counterparts much less common than would otherwise be expected. We discuss the necessary conditions for detectable EM counterparts to mergers inside the outflow cavities. If the merger remnant black hole experiences a high recoil velocity and can enter the AGN disk, it can accrete gas with a super-Eddington rate, newly forming a cavity-like structure. This bubble can break out of the disk within a day to a week after the merger. Such breakout emission can be bright enough to be detectable by current soft X-ray instruments, such as Swift-XRT and Chandra.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in ApJ. References are added, discussion is extended, results and conclusions remain unchanged
Detection of [Ne II] Emission from Young Circumstellar Disks
Creators: name: Pascucci, I.
name: Hollenbach, D.
name: Najita, J.
name: Muzerolle, J.
name: Gorti, U.
name: Herczeg, G. J.
name: Hillenbrand, L. A.
name: Kim, J. S.
name: Carpenter, J. M.
name: Meyer, M. R.
name: Mamajek, E. E.
name: Bouwman, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the detection of [Ne II] emission at 12.81 micron in four out of the six optically thick dust disks observed as part of the FEPS Spitzer Legacy program. In addition, we detect a H I(7-6) emission line at 12.37 micron from the source RXJ1852.3-3700. Detections of [Ne II] lines are favored by low mid-infrared excess emission. Both stellar X-rays and extreme UV (EUV) photons can sufficiently ionize the disk surface to reproduce the observed line fluxes, suggesting that emission from Ne+ originates in the hot disk atmosphere. On the other hand, the H I(7-6) line is not associated with the gas in the disk surface and magnetospheric accretion flows can account only for at most ~30% of the observed flux. We conclude that accretion shock regions and/or the stellar corona could contribute to most of the H I(7-6)emission. Finally, we discuss the observations necessary to identify whether stellar X-rays or EUV photons are the dominant ionization mechanism for Ne atoms. Because the observed [Ne II] emission probes very small amounts of gas in the disk surface (~10^{-6} Jupiter masses) we suggest using this gas line to determine the presence or absence of gas in more evolved circumstellar disks.
description: accepted for publication to The Astrophysical Journal
Broadband cavity-enhanced ultrafast spectroscopy
Creators: name: Silfies, Myles C.
name: Kowzan, Grzegorz
name: Lewis, Neomi
name: Allison, Thomas K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Broadband ultrafast optical spectroscopy methods, such as transient absorption spectroscopy and 2D spectroscopy, are widely used to study molecular dynamics. However, these techniques are typically restricted to optically thick samples, such as solids and liquid solutions. In this article we discuss a cavity-enhanced ultrafast transient absorption spectrometer covering almost the entire visible range with a detection limit of $Δ$OD $ < 1 \times 10^{-9}$, extending broadband all-optical ultrafast spectroscopy techniques to dilute beams of gas-phase molecules and clusters. We describe the technical innovations behind the spectrometer and present transient absorption data on two archetypical molecular systems for excited-state intramolecular proton transfer, 1'-hydroxy-2'-acetonapthone and salicylideneaniline, under jet-cooled and Ar cluster conditions.
Beyond Gaussian fluctuations of quantum anharmonic nuclei. The case of rotational degrees of freedom
Creators: name: Siciliano, Antonio
name: Monacelli, Lorenzo
name: Mauri, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The atomic motion in molecular crystals, such as high-pressure hydrogen or hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites, is very complex due to quantum anharmonic effects. In addition, these materials accommodate rotational degrees of freedom. All the approximate methods that describe the nuclei thermodynamics using Cartesian coordinates lead to an unphysical hybridization of roto-librations with other high-energy modes. Hence, they do not accurately account for the free energy contributions of these degrees of freedom. So, a reliable description of a molecular crystal's phase diagram is only possible with Path Integral Molecular Dynamics (PIMD) at a high computational cost. This work shows how to include roto-librational modes in the Self-Consistent Harmonic Approximation (SCHA) framework. SCHA approximates the nuclei Cartesian fluctuations to be Gaussian, thus neglecting curvilinear motion. Keeping its low computational cost, we employ the generalization of SCHA, called nonlinear SCHA (NLSCHA). Our method relies on a Gaussian \textit{ansatz} for the nuclei density matrix on a curved manifold, allowing us to map roto-librations into harmonic modes defined on a surface. By optimizing the surface's curvature variationally, we minimize the free energy, allowing the spontaneous activation of these degrees of freedom without external parameters. Notably, in the limit of vanishing curvature, we recover the standard SCHA.
Unitary representability of free abelian topological groups
Creators: name: Uspenskij, Vladimir V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22A25, 43A35, 43A65, 46B99, 54C65, 54E35, 54H11

description: For every Tikhonov space $X$ the free abelian topological group $A(X)$ and the free locally convex vector space $L(X)$ admit a topologically faithful unitary representation. For compact spaces $X$ this is due to Jorge Galindo.
description: 6 pages. Version 11 April 2006
Overdispersion in poisson regression
Creators: name: McNeney, W. Brad
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: Investigation of a possible relationship between air quality and human health in the community of Prince George, British Columbia was undertaken after a public opinion poll in 1972 discovered that poor air quality was the number one concern of the residents of Prince George. An analysis which attempted to identify such relationships using a data set including air quality measurements and hospital admissions for the period April 1, 1984 to March 31, 1986 is discussed in Knight, Leroux, Millar, and Petkau (1988). A similar analysis using emergency room visits during the same period rather than hospital admissions is described in Knight, Leroux, Millar, and Petkau (1989). The data set described here was collected to carry out a follow-up study to the emergency room visits analysis. The main part of the analyses carried out involved the use of Poisson regression models with a minor extension to account for over-dispersion in the data. The results of the analysis were not consistent with either the earlier study or with the expectations of the investigators. For example, higher levels of one of the air quality variables was found to be associated with a decrease in the number of emergency room visits for respiratory disease in the winter, but an increase in emergency room visits for respiratory disease in the fall. A mechanism to explain such effects is difficult to imagine. These counter-intuitive results motivated a simulation study to assess the methods used in the analysis and to compare these to other possible estimators and test statistics that can be employed in the analysis of over-dispersed Poisson data.
A bestiary of black holes on the conifold with fluxes
Creators: name: Buchel, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive analysis of the black holes on warped deformed conifold with fluxes in Type IIB supergravity. These black holes realize the holographic dual to thermal states of the ${\cal N}=1$ supersymmetric $SU(N)\times SU(N+M)$ cascading gauge theory of Klebanov et.al on round $S^3$. There are three distinct mass scales in the theory: the strong coupling scale $Λ$ of the cascading gauge theory, the compactification scale $μ=1/L_3$ (related to the $S^3$ radius $L_3$) and the temperature $T$ of a thermal state. Depending on $Λ\,,\, μ$ and $T$, there is an intricate pattern of confinement/deconfinement (Hawking-Page) and the chiral symmetry breaking phase transitions. In the $S^3\to {\mathbb R}^3$ decompactification limit, $i.e$, $μ\to 0$, we recover the Klebanov-Tseytlin and the Klebanov-Strassler black branes.
description: 111 pages, 37 figures; v2: JHEP version
Neutrinos from galactic sources of cosmic rays with known gamma-ray spectra
Creators: name: Vissani, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a simple procedure to estimate the high-energy neutrino flux from the observed gamma-ray spectra of galactic cosmic ray sources that are transparent to their gamma radiation. We evaluate in this way the neutrino flux from the supernova remnant RX J1713.7-3946, whose very high-energy gamma-ray spectrum (assumed to be of hadronic origin) is not a power law distribution according to H.E.S.S. observations. The corresponding muon signal in neutrino telescopes is found to be about 5 events per square kilometer per year in an ideal detector.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure; accepted in Astroparticle Physics
Can experiment distinguish tetraquark scalars, molecules and $\qq$ mesons?
Creators: name: Pennington, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scalar mesons are a key expression of the strong coupling regime of QCD. How those with $I_3=0$ couple to two photons supplies important information about which is transiently ${\bar q}q$ or ${\bar {qq}} qq$ or multi-meson molecule or largely glue, provided (i) we know the location of the corresponding poles in the complex energy plane, and (ii) we have reliable predictions from strong coupling QCD of the radiative widths for these compositions. Number (i) is being supplied by careful analyses of high statistics data particularly that coming from $B$, $D$, $J/ψ$ and $ϕ$ decays. Number (ii) is still required, before we can answer the question in the title.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures Invited talk at the Yukawa International Seminars (YKIS) 2006 "New Frontiers in QCD: Exotic Hadrons & Hadronic Matter", Nov.-Dec. 2006
Do neutrinos bend? Consequences of an ultralight gauge field as dark matter
Creators: name: Visinelli, Luca
name: Yanagida, Tsutomu T.
name: Zantedeschi, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An ultralight gauge boson could address the missing cosmic dark matter, with its transverse modes contributing to a relevant component of the galactic halo today. We show that, in the presence of a coupling between the gauge boson and neutrinos, these transverse modes affect the propagation of neutrinos in the galactic core. Neutrinos emitted from galactic or extra-galactic supernovae could be delayed by $δt = \left(10^{-8}-10^1\right)\,$s for the gauge boson masses $m_{A'} = \left(10^{-23}-10^{-19}\right)\,$eV and the coupling with the neutrino $g= 10^{-27}-10^{-20}$. While we do not focus on a specific formation mechanism for the gauge boson as the dark matter in the early Universe, we comment on some possible realizations. We discuss model-dependent current bounds on the gauge coupling from fifth-force experiments, as well as future explorations involving supernovae neutrinos. We consider the concrete case of the DUNE facility, where the coupling can be tested down to $g \simeq 10^{-27}$ for neutrinos coming from a supernova event at a distance $d = 10\,$kpc from Earth.
description: 33 pages, 1 figure, matching the journal version. COST Actions CA21106 and CA21136
A cornucopia of antineutrons and hyperons from super J/psi factory for next-generation nuclear and particle physics high-precision experiments
Creators: name: Yuan, Chang-Zheng
name: Karliner, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to study the interactions and structure of various types of matter one typically needs to carry out scattering experiments utilizing many different particles as projectiles. Whereas beams of $e^\pm$, $μ^\pm$, $π^\pm$, $K^\pm$, proton, antiproton, and of various heavy ions have been produced and have enabled many scientific breakthroughs, beams of antineutrons, hyperons ($Λ$, $Σ$ and $Ξ$) and their antiparticles are typically not easy to obtain. Here we point out and investigate a new high-quality source of these particles: a super $J/ψ$ factory with capability of accumulating trillions of $J/ψ$ decays each year. In the relevant $J/ψ$ decays the desired particle is produced together with other final state particles that can be tagged. This allows accurate determination of the flux and momentum of the projectile, enabling unprecedented precision-study of the corresponding interactions with a broad range of targets. These novel high-statistics sources of baryons and antibaryons with precisely known kinematics open fresh opportunities for applications in particle and nuclear physics, including antinucleon-nucleon interaction, nonvalence $s\bar{s}$ component of the nucleon, (anti)hyperon-nucleon interaction, OZI violation, (multi-strange) hypernuclei, exotic light hadron spectroscopy and many others, as well as calibration of Monte Carlo simulation for hadronic and medical physics.
description: Revised version to appear in PRL
Additional file 6: of RNA-Seq and iTRAQ reveal multiple pathways involved in storage root formation and development in sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.)
Creators: name: Dong, Tingting
name: Zhu, Mingku
name: Yu, Jiawen
name: Han, Rongpeng
name: Tang, Cheng
name: Xu, Tao
name: Liu, Jingran
name: Li, Zongyun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Figure S3. The number of proteins annotated in four databases of proteome. (PDF 164 kb)
Normalized solutions for fractional nonlinear scalar field equations via Lagrangian formulation
Creators: name: Cingolani, Silvia
name: Gallo, Marco
name: Tanaka, Kazunaga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q55, 35R11, 35J20, 58E05

description: We study existence of solutions for the fractional problem \begin{equation*} (P_m) \quad \left \{ \begin{aligned} (-Δ)^{s} u + μu &=g(u) & \; \text{in $\mathbb{R}^N$}, \cr \int_{\mathbb{R}^N} u^2 dx &= m, & \cr u \in H^s_r&(\mathbb{R}^N), & \end{aligned} \right. \label{problemx} \end{equation*} where $N\geq 2$, $s\in (0,1)$, $m>0$, $μ$ is an unknown Lagrange multiplier and $g \in C(\mathbb{R}, \mathbb{R})$ satisfies Berestycki-Lions type conditions. Using a Lagrange formulation of the problem $(P_m)$, we prove the existence of a weak solution with prescribed mass when $g$ has $L^2$ subcritical growth. The approach relies on the construction of a minimax structure, by means of a Pohozaev's mountain in a product space and some deformation arguments under a new version of the Palais-Smale condition introduced in [21,25]. A multiplicity result of infinitely many normalized solutions is also obtained if $g$ is odd.
description: To be published in Nonlinearity (accepted)
Correspondences of a K3 surface with itself via moduli of sheaves. I
Creators: name: Nikulin, Viacheslav V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Let $X$ be an algebraic K3 surface, $v=(r,H,s)$ a primitive isotropic Mukai vector on $X$ and $M_X(v)$ the moduli of sheaves over $X$ with $v$. Let $N(X)$ be Picard lattice of $X$. In math.AG/0309348 and math.AG/0606289, all divisors in moduli of $(X,H)$ (i. e. pairs $H\in N(X)$ with $\rk N(X)=2$) implying $M_X(v)\cong X$ were described. They give some Mukai's correspondences of $X$ with itself. Applying these results, we show that there exists $v$ and a codimension 2 submoduli in moduli of $(X,H)$ (i. e. a pair $H\in N(X)$ with $\rk N(X)=3$) implying $M_X(v)\cong X$, but this submoduli cannot be extended to a divisor in moduli with the same property. There are plenty of similar examples. We discuss the general problem of description of all similar submoduli and defined by them Mukai's correspondences of $X$ with itself and their compositions, trying to outline a possible general theory.
description: 26 pages, no figures
Radio Frequency Signal based Human Silhouette Segmentation: A Sequential Diffusion Approach
Creators: name: Wen, Penghui
name: Hu, Kun
name: Yuan, Dong
name: Ning, Zhiyuan
name: Li, Changyang
name: Wang, Zhiyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Radio frequency (RF) signals have been proved to be flexible for human silhouette segmentation (HSS) under complex environments. Existing studies are mainly based on a one-shot approach, which lacks a coherent projection ability from the RF domain. Additionally, the spatio-temporal patterns have not been fully explored for human motion dynamics in HSS. Therefore, we propose a two-stage Sequential Diffusion Model (SDM) to progressively synthesize high-quality segmentation jointly with the considerations on motion dynamics. Cross-view transformation blocks are devised to guide the diffusion model in a multi-scale manner for comprehensively characterizing human related patterns in an individual frame such as directional projection from signal planes. Moreover, spatio-temporal blocks are devised to fine-tune the frame-level model to incorporate spatio-temporal contexts and motion dynamics, enhancing the consistency of the segmentation maps. Comprehensive experiments on a public benchmark -- HIBER demonstrate the state-of-the-art performance of our method with an IoU 0.732. Our code is available at https://github.com/ph-w2000/SDM.
Information in AdS/QCD: mass spectroscopy of isovector mesons
Creators: name: da Rocha, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mass spectra of isovector $Υ$, $ψ$, $ϕ$, and $ω$ meson resonances are investigated, in the AdS/QCD and information entropy setups. The differential configurational entropy is employed to obtain the mass spectra of radial $S$-wave resonances, with higher excitation levels, in each one of these meson families, whose respective first undisclosed states are discussed and matched up to candidates in the Particle Data Group.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Acoustical characteristics of segmented plates with contact interfaces
Creators: name: Varanasi, Srinivas
name: Siegmund, Thomas
name: Bolton, J. Stuart
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possibility of shifting sound energy from lower to higher frequency bands is investigated. The system configuration considered is a segmented structure having non-linear stiffness characteristics. It is proposed here that such a frequency-shifting mechanism could complement metamaterial concepts for mass-efficient sound barriers. The acoustical behavior of the material system was studied through a representative two-dimensional model consisting of a segmented plate with a contact interface. Multiple harmonic peaks were observed in response to a purely single frequency excitation, and the strength of the response was found to depend on the degree of non-linearity introduced. The lower and closer an excitation frequency was to the characteristic resonance frequencies of the base system, the stronger was the predicted higher harmonic response. The broadband sound transmission loss of these systems has also been calculated and the low frequency sound transmission loss was found to increase as the level of the broadband incident sound field increased. The present findings support the feasibility of designing material systems that transfer energy from lower frequency bands, where a sound barrier is less efficient, to higher bands where energy is more readily dissipated.
description: This is a copy of the accepted manuscript published in the Journal of Sound and Vibration. The following information can be used for citing this article: Varanasi, Srinivas, Thomas Siegmund, and J. Stuart Bolton. "Acoustical characteristics of segmented plates with contact interfaces." Journal of Sound and Vibration 485 (2020): 115584. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2020.115584
Liquid-like behavior of supercritical fluids
Creators: name: Gorelli, Federico
name: Santoro, Mario
name: Scopigno, Tullio
name: Krisch, Michael
name: Ruocco, Giancarlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high frequency dynamics of fluid oxygen have been investigated by Inelastic X-ray Scattering. In spite of the markedly supercritical conditions ($T\approx 2 T_c$, $P>10^2 P_c$), the sound velocity exceeds the hydrodynamic value of about 20%, a feature which is the fingerprint of liquid-like dynamics. The comparison of the present results with literature data obtained in several fluids allow us to identify the extrapolation of the liquid vapor-coexistence line in the ($P/P_c$, $T/T_c$) plane as the relevant edge between liquid- and gas-like dynamics. More interestingly, this extrapolation is very close to the non metal-metal transition in hot dense fluids, at pressure and temperature values as obtained by shock wave experiments. This result points to the existence of a connection between structural modifications and transport properties in dense fluids.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted by Phys. Rev. Lett
IMG-DNA: Approximate DNA Storage for Images
Creators: name: Li, Bingzhe
name: Ou, Li
name: Du, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) as a storage medium with high density and long-term preservation properties can satisfy the requirement of archival storage for rapidly increased digital volume. The read and write processes of DNA storage are error-prone. Images widely used in social media have the properties of fault tolerance which are well fitted to the DNA storage. However, prior work simply investigated the feasibility of DNA storage storing different types of data and simply store images in DNA storage, which did not fully investigate the fault-tolerant potential of images in the DNA storage. In this paper, we proposed a new image-based DNA system called IMG-DNA, which can efficiently store images in DNA storage with improved DNA storage robustness. First, a new DNA architecture is proposed to fit JPEG-based images and improve the image's robustness in DNA storage. Moreover, barriers inserted in DNA sequences efficiently prevent error propagation in images of DNA storage. The experimental results indicate that the proposed IMG-DNA achieves much higher fault-tolerant than prior work.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures
Charge density waves and electronic properties of superconducting kagome metals
Creators: name: Tan, Hengxin
name: Liu, Yizhou
name: Wang, Ziqiang
name: Yan, Binghai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kagome metals $A$V$_3$Sb$_5$ ($A=$ K, Rb, and Cs) exhibit intriguing superconductivity below $0.9 \sim 2.5 $ K, a charge density wave (CDW) transition around $80\sim 100 $ K, and $\mathbb{Z}_{2}$ topological surface states. The nature of the CDW phase and its relation to superconductivity remains elusive. In this work, we investigate the electronic and structural properties of CDW by first-principles calculations. We reveal an inverse Star of David deformation as the $2\times2\times2$ CDW ground state of the kagome lattice. The kagome lattice shows softening breathing-phonon modes, indicating the structural instability. However, electrons play an essential role in the CDW transition via Fermi surface nesting and van Hove singularity. The inverse Star of David structure agrees with recent experiments by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). The CDW phase inherits the nontrivial $\mathbb{Z}_{2}$-type topological band structure. Further, we find that the electron-phonon coupling is too weak to account for the superconductivity $T_c$ in all three materials. It implies the existence of unconventional pairing of these kagome metals. Our results provide essential knowledge toward understanding the superconductivity and topology in kagome metals.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
A Study on the Implementation Method of an Agent-Based Advanced RAG System Using Graph
Creators: name: Jeong, Cheonsu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This study aims to improve knowledge-based question-answering (QA) systems by overcoming the limitations of existing Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) models and implementing an advanced RAG system based on Graph technology to develop high-quality generative AI services. While existing RAG models demonstrate high accuracy and fluency by utilizing retrieved information, they may suffer from accuracy degradation as they generate responses using pre-loaded knowledge without reprocessing. Additionally, they cannot incorporate real-time data after the RAG configuration stage, leading to issues with contextual understanding and biased information. To address these limitations, this study implemented an enhanced RAG system utilizing Graph technology. This system is designed to efficiently search and utilize information. Specifically, it employs LangGraph to evaluate the reliability of retrieved information and synthesizes diverse data to generate more accurate and enhanced responses. Furthermore, the study provides a detailed explanation of the system's operation, key implementation steps, and examples through implementation code and validation results, thereby enhancing the understanding of advanced RAG technology. This approach offers practical guidelines for implementing advanced RAG systems in corporate services, making it a valuable resource for practical application.
Olbert's kappa Fermi and Bose distributions
Creators: name: Treumann, R. A.
name: Baumjohann, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum version of Olbert's kappa distribution applicable to fermions is obtained. Its construction is straightforward but requires recognition of the differences in the nature of states separated by Fermi momenta. Its complement, the bosonic version of the kappa distribution is also given, as is the procedure of how to construct a hypothetical kappa-anyon distribution. At very low temperature the degenerate kappa Fermi distribution yields a kappa-modified version of the ordinary degenerate Fermi energy and momentum. We provide the Olbert-generalized expressions of the Olbert-Fermi partition function and entropy which may serve determining all relevant statistical mechanical quantities. Possible applications are envisaged to condensed matter physics, possibly quantum plasmas, and dense astrophysical objects like the interior state of terrestrial planets, neutron stars, magnetars where quantum effects come into play, dominate the microscopic scale but may have macroscopic consequences.
description: Brief Communication, 13 pages, 1 figure
Compositions [Instrumental music. Selections]
Creators: name: Berger, Steven
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: Compositions include Sightings : for clarinet and marimba (ca. 14:00), Proboscis maximus : bass trombone solo (ca. 11:00), Pathways : for violin, ’cello and piano, Impulses : for marimba duet, and Gleaned from the wind : for chamber orchestra (ca. 13:00).
Gravitational effects in macroscopic quantum systems: a first-principles analysis
Creators: name: Anastopoulos, Charis
name: Lagouvardos, Mihalis
name: Savvidou, Konstantina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the weak-field limit of General Relativity with matter and its possible quantisations. This analysis aims towards a predictive quantum theory to provide a first-principles description of gravitational effects in macroscopic quantum systems. This includes recently proposed experiments on the generation of (Newtonian) gravitational forces from quantum distributions of matter, and phenomena like gravity-induced entanglement, gravitational cat states, gravity-induced Rabi oscillations, and quantum causal orderings of events. Our main results include: (i) The demonstration that these phenomena do not involve true gravitational degrees of freedom. (ii) We show that, unlike full general relativity, weak gravity with matter is a parameterised field theory, i.e., a theory obtained by promoting spacetime coordinates to `dynamical' variables. (iii) Quantisation via gauge-fixing leads to an effective field theory that account for some phenomena, but at the price of gauge dependence that manifests more strongly on spacetime observables. This ambiguity is a manifestation of the problem of time that persists even in weak gravity. (iv) A consistent quantisation of parameterised field theories is essential for a predictive and spacetime covariant theory of weak gravity that describes gravitational effects in macroscopic quantum systems. We also discuss the implication of our results to gravitational decoherence theories, the notion of locality in gravity vis-a-vis quantum information theory, and the intriguing possibility that proposed solutions to the problem of time can be tested in weak-gravity quantum experiments.
description: 35 pages; This new version includes extended interpretational discussions, additional references, and other minor changes
Negative refraction and plano-concave lens focusing in one-dimensional photonic crystals
Creators: name: Vodo, P.
name: Lu, W. T.
name: Huang, Y.
name: Sridhar, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Negative refraction is demonstrated in one-dimensional (1D) dielectric photonic crystals (PCs) at microwave frequencies. Focusing by plano-concave lens made of 1D PC due to negative refraction is also demonstrated. The frequency-dependent negative refractive indices, calculated from the experimental data matches very well with those determined from band structure calculations. The easy fabrication of one-dimensional photonic crystals may open the door for new applications.
description: 3 pages and 5 figures
Faddeev study of heavy baryon spectroscopy
Creators: name: Garcilazo, H.
name: Vijande, J.
name: Valcarce, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the structure of heavy baryons containing a charm or a bottom quark. We employ a constituent quark model successful in the description of the baryon-baryon interaction which is consistent with the light baryon spectra. We solve exactly the three-quark problem by means of the Faddeev method in momentum space. Heavy baryon spectrum shows a manifest compromise between perturbative and nonperturbative contributions. The flavor dependence of the one-gluon exchange is analyzed. We assign quantum numbers to some already observed resonances and we predict the first radial and orbital excitations of all states with $J=1/2$ or 3/2. We combine our results with heavy quark symmetry and lowest-order SU(3) symmetry breaking to predict the masses and quantum numbers of six still non-measured ground-state beauty baryons.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures, 8 tables. Accepted for publication in J. Phys. G
Black holes, stationary clouds and magnetic fields
Creators: name: Santos, Nuno M.
name: Herdeiro, Carlos A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As the electron in the hydrogen atom, a bosonic field can bind itself to a black hole occupying a discrete infinite set of states. When (i) the spacetime is prone to superradiance and (ii) a confinement mechanism is present, some of such states are infinitely long-lived. These equilibrium configurations, known as stationary clouds, are states "synchronized" with a rotating black hole's event horizon. For most, if not all, stationary clouds studied in the literature so far, the requirements (i)-(ii) are independent of each other. However, this is not always the case. This paper shows that massless neutral scalar fields can form stationary clouds around a Reissner-Nordström black hole when both are subject to a uniform magnetic field. The latter simultaneously enacts both requirements by creating an ergoregion (thereby opening up the possibility of superradiance) and trapping the scalar field in the black hole's vicinity. This leads to some novel features, in particular, that only black holes with a subset of the possible charge to mass ratios can support stationary clouds.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in Physics Letters B
Phonon-assisted Auger decay of excitons in doped transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers
Creators: name: Scharf, Benedikt
name: Perebeinos, Vasili
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The competition between the radiative and nonradiative lifetimes determines the optical quantum yield and plays a crucial role in the potential optoelectronic applications of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDC). Here, we show that, in the presence of free carriers, an additional nonradiative decay channel opens for excitons in TMDC monolayers. Although the usual Auger decay channel is suppressed at low doping levels by the simultaneous momentum and energy conservation laws, exciton-phonon coupling relaxes this suppression. By solving a Bethe-Salpeter Equation, we calculate the phonon-assisted Auger decay rates in four typical TMDCs as a function of doping, temperature, and dielectric environment. We find that even for a relatively low doping of 10$^{12}$ cm$^{-2}$, the nonradiative lifetime ranges from 16 ps to 165 ps in different TMDCs, offering competition to the radiative decay channel.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures