cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Prenatal Exposure to Organophosphorus Pesticides and Preschool ADHD in the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study
Creators: name: Thomsen, Cathrine
name: Kamai, Elizabeth M.
name: Øvergaard, Kristin R.
name: Engel, Lawrence S.
name: Cequier, Enrique
name: Zeiner, Pal
name: Thistle, Jake
name: Engel, Stephanie M.
name: Hall, Amber
name: Sakhi, Amrit K.
name: Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted
name: Manley, Cherrel K.
name: Herring, Amy H.
name: Aase, Heidi
name: Villanger, Gro D.
name: Roell, Kyle R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Prenatal organophosphorus pesticide (OPP) exposure has been associated with child attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in agricultural communities and those that are exposed to residentially applied insecticides. To examine this association in populations that are exposed primarily through diet, we estimate the associations between prenatal OPP exposure and preschool ADHD in the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa), and describe modification by paraoxonase 1 (PON1) gene variants. We used participants from the MoBa Preschool ADHD Sub-study (n = 259 cases) and a random sample of MoBa sub-cohort participants (n = 547) with birth years from 2004 to 2008. Prenatal urinary dialkylphosphate (DAP) metabolites (total diethylphosphate [∑DEP] and total dimethylphosphate [∑DMP]) were measured by an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-time-of-flight system and summed by molar concentration. Maternal DNA was genotyped for coding variants of PON1 (Q192R and L55M). We used a multivariable logistic regression to calculate the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals, adjusted for maternal education, parity, income dependency, age, marital status, ADHD-like symptoms, pesticide use, produce consumption, and season. We found no associations between DAP metabolite concentrations and preschool ADHD. The adjusted ORs for exposure quartiles 2–4 relative to 1 were slightly inverse. No monotonic trends were observed, and the estimates lacked precision, likely due to the small sample size and variation in the population. We found no evidence of modification by PON1 SNP variation or child sex. Maternal urinary DAP concentrations were not associated with preschool ADHD.
Udo Steinbach, Marie-Carin von Gumppenberg (Hrsg.): Zentralasien. Geschichte, Politik, Wirtschaft. Ein Lexikon
Creators: name: Reim, Regine
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2022

description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 97 (2005): ASIEN (Oktober)
Analyzing the Systems Biology Effects of COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines to Assess Their Safety and Putative Side Effects
Creators: name: Hajjo, Rima
name: Tropsha, Alexander
name: Sabbah, Dima A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: COVID-19 vaccines have been instrumental tools in reducing the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infections around the world by preventing 80% to 90% of hospitalizations and deaths from reinfection, in addition to preventing 40% to 65% of symptomatic illnesses. However, the simultaneous large-scale vaccination of the global population will indubitably unveil heterogeneity in immune responses as well as in the propensity to developing post-vaccine adverse events, especially in vulnerable individuals. Herein, we applied a systems biology workflow, integrating vaccine transcriptional signatures with chemogenomics, to study the pharmacological effects of mRNA vaccines. First, we derived transcriptional signatures and predicted their biological effects using pathway enrichment and network approaches. Second, we queried the Connectivity Map (CMap) to prioritize adverse events hypotheses. Finally, we accepted higher-confidence hypotheses that have been predicted by independent approaches. Our results reveal that the mRNA-based BNT162b2 vaccine affects immune response pathways related to interferon and cytokine signaling, which should lead to vaccine success, but may also result in some adverse events. Our results emphasize the effects of BNT162b2 on calcium homeostasis, which could be contributing to some frequently encountered adverse events related to mRNA vaccines. Notably, cardiac side effects were signaled in the CMap query results. In summary, our approach has identified mechanisms underlying both the expected protective effects of vaccination as well as possible post-vaccine adverse effects. Our study illustrates the power of systems biology approaches in improving our understanding of the comprehensive biological response to vaccination against COVID-19.
Developing Toxic Metal Environmental Justice Indices (TM-EJIs) for Arsenic, Cadmium, Lead, and Manganese Contamination in Private Drinking Wells in North Carolina
Creators: name: Eaves, Lauren A.
name: Fry, Rebecca C.
name: Enggasser, Adam E.
name: Gavino-Lopez, Noemi
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Toxic metal exposure via private drinking wells is an environmental health challenge in North Carolina (NC). Policies tainted by environmental racism shape who has access to public water supplies, with Black People, Indigenous People, and People of Color (BIPOC) often excluded from municipal services. Thus, toxic metal exposure via private wells is an environmental justice (EJ) issue, and it is under-studied in NC. In this study, we developed four Toxic Metal Environmental Justice Indices (TM-EJIs) for inorganic arsenic (iAs), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and manganese (Mn) to quantitatively identify areas of environmental injustice in NC. TM-EJIs were calculated at the census tract level (n = 2038) as the product of the following: (1) number of well water tests with concentrations exceeding national standards, (2) percentage of the low-income and minority population, and (3) population density. Mn had the greatest proportion (25.17%) of positive TM-EJIs, which are indicative of socioeconomically disadvantaged groups exposed to toxic metals. Positive TM-EJIs, particularly for Pb and Mn, were primarily located in eastern NC. These results highlight several new counties of concern and can be used by public health professionals and state environmental agencies to prioritize remediation efforts and efforts to reduce environmental injustices.
Mitella (sect. Nudae) Nudae
Creators: name: M. Wakabayashi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Saxifragales
Saxifragaceae
Mitella
Mitella nudae
Nudae

description: Sect. 1. Nudae H.Hara in Nakai & Honda, Nov. FI. Jap. 3; 123 (1939).
description: Published as part of M. Wakabayashi, 2006, Tiarella and Mitella, pp. 70-75 in Flora of Japan, Volume 2 b: Angiospermae-Dicotyledoneae: Archichlamydeae (b), Kodansha on page 71, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.47476
Effective interactions and large deviations in stochastic processes
Creators: name: Jack, Robert L.
name: Sollich, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the relationships between large deviations in stochastic systems, and "effective interactions" that induce particular rare events. We focus on the nature of these effective interactions in physical systems with many interacting degrees of freedom, which we illustrate by reviewing several recent studies. We describe the connections between effective interactions, large deviations at "level 2.5", and the theory of optimal control. Finally, we discuss possible physical applications of variational results associated with those theories.
description: 12 pages
June Grasso, Jay Corrin, Michael Kort (eds.): Modernization and Revo­lution in China - From the Opium Wars to World Power
Creators: name: Eiermann, Katrin-Irene
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2022

description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 97 (2005): ASIEN (Oktober)
The effect of addressing EFL learners’ personality types by the teacher on their language proficiency
Creators: name: Sarabi Asl, Saeed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 200303 English as a Second Language
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 200302 English Language

description: This thesis was submited in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of arts in teaching english as a foreign language (TEFL).
The Role of Paracellular Transport in the Intestinal Absorption and Biopharmaceutical Characterization of Minoxidil
Creators: name: Amidon, Gordon L.
name: Zur, Moran
name: Cvijić, Sandra
name: Markovic, Milica
name: Porat, Daniel
name: Garsiani, Sapir
name: Dahan, Arik
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: The purpose of this study was to evaluate mechanisms behind the intestinal permeability of minoxidil, with special emphasis on paracellular transport, and elucidate the suitability of minoxidil to be a reference drug for Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS). The permeability of minoxidil (vs. metoprolol) was evaluated in-silico, in-vitro using both the PAMPA assay and across Caco-2 cell monolayers, as well as in-vivo in rats throughout the entire intestine. The permeability was studied in conditions that represent the different segments of the small intestine: upper jejunum (pH 6.5), mid small intestine (pH 7.0), distal ileum (pH 7.5), and colon (pH 6.5). Since we aimed to investigate the paracellular transport of minoxidil, we have also examined its permeability in the presence of quercetin (250 µM), which closes the tight junctions, and sodium decanoate (10 mM), which opens the tight junctions. While metoprolol demonstrated segmental-dependent rat and PAMPA permeability, with higher permeability in higher pH regions, the permeability of minoxidil was pH-independent. Minoxidil PAMPA permeability was significantly lower than its rat permeability, indicating a potential significant role of the paracellular route. In rat intestinal perfusion studies, and across Caco-2 monolayers, tight junction modifiers significantly affected minoxidil permeability; while the presence of quercetin caused decreased permeability, the presence of sodium decanoate caused an increase in minoxidil permeability. In accordance with these in-vitro and in-vivo results, in-silico simulations indicated that approximatelly 15% of minoxidil dose is absorbed paracellularly, mainly in the proximal parts of the intestine. The results of this study indicate that paracellular transport plays a significant role in the intestinal permeability of minoxidil following oral administration. Since this permeation route may lead to higher variability in comparison to transcellular, these findings diminish the suitability of minoxidil to serve as the low/high BSC permeability class benchmark.
Mitella nuda L.
Creators: name: M. Wakabayashi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Saxifragales
Saxifragaceae
Mitella
Mitella nuda

description: 1. Mitella nuda L., Sp. PL: 406 (1753). Tiarella unifolia Retz., Observ. Bot. 3: 30 (1783). Mitella reniformis Lam., Encycl. 4: 196 (1797). Mitella cordifolia Lam., Encycl. 4: 196 (1797). Japanese name: Maruba-charumeru-so. Evergreen perennial herbs. Rhizomes slender, long creeping and branched, glandular, stoloniferous; leaves on rhizome alternate. Radical leaves few; blade ovate-orbicular, subcordate, 1.5-3.5 cm long and wide, shallowly crenate with pointed teeth, sparsely pilose on both surfaces; petiole 5-10 cm long, slender, appressed glandular hairy, with a pair of axillary stipules at base. Flowering stems 15-25 cm tall, slender, erect, densely short glandular hairy. Cauline leaves none, rarely 1, short petiolate. Inflorescences racemes sparsely 3-10-flowered. Flowers June; pedicel to 4 mm long, glandular hairy. Calyx tube broadly cup-shaped, glandular; disc on inner surface 10-lobed, thin; calyx lobes 5, triangular-ovate, acute, 3-nerved, minutely glandular on both surfaces, ca. 1.4 mm long, obliquely spreading and reflexed, pale green with pale purplish tinge. Petals 5, 9-pinnatiparted, not glandular, ca. 4.8 mm long, spreading or reflexed, pale green or pale purplish; pinnae slender, spreading. Stamens 10, ca. 1 mm long, attached to uppermost margin of calyx tube; anthers rounded, cordate, ca. 0.6 mm long just before anthesis, whitish yellow. Ovary half inferior, dome-shaped with slender styles apically, minutely glandular, with purplish tinge. Styles 2, divergent not glandular, ca. 0.6 mm long; stigma apical, pointed. Seeds few, broadly oblong, ca. 1.2 mm long, glabrous, smooth, black. Chromosome number: 2n = 14 (Wakabayashi 1973), 28. Japanese plants are diploid (2n = 14). Japan: C. to E. Hokkaido and C. Honshu (SE. Nagano Pref.). Mossy and shady places in woods in mountains; lowlands in Hokkaido; 1500-2000 m in Honshu. Distr.: Siberia to Ussuri, Japan, North Korea, NE. China and North America. Icones: Nakai & Honda, Nov. FI. Jap. 3: f. 33 (1939); Kitamura & Murata, Herb. PI. 2: f. 71 1 & 2; Satake et al., Herb. PL 2: photo. 151 1 & 2.
description: Published as part of M. Wakabayashi, 2006, Tiarella and Mitella, pp. 70-75 in Flora of Japan, Volume 2 b: Angiospermae-Dicotyledoneae: Archichlamydeae (b), Kodansha on page 71, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.47476
Eta photoproduction in a combined analysis of pion- and photon-induced reactions
Creators: name: Rönchen, D.
name: Döring, M.
name: Haberzettl, H.
name: Haidenbauer, J.
name: Meißner, U. -G.
name: Nakayama, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $ηN$ final state is isospin-selective and thus provides access to the spectrum of excited nucleons without being affected by excited $Δ$ states. To this end, the world database on eta photoproduction off the proton up to a center-of-mass energy of $E\sim 2.3$ GeV is analyzed, including data on differential cross sections, and single and double polarization observables. The resonance spectrum and its properties are determined in a combined analysis of eta and pion photoproduction off the proton together with the reactions $πN\to πN$, $ηN$, $KΛ$ and $KΣ$. For the analysis, the so-called Jülich coupled-channel framework is used, incorporating unitarity, analyticity, and effective three-body channels. Parameters tied to photoproduction and hadronic interactions are varied simultaneously. The influence of recent MAMI $T$ and $F$ asymmetry data on the eta photoproduction amplitude is discussed in detail.
description: 21 pages, 10 figures. Updated to the published version
ESGF Future Architecture Report
Creators: name: Kershaw, Philip
name: Abdulla, Ghaleb
name: Ames, Sasha
name: Evans, Ben
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: This document reports the findings of the Earth System Grid Federation Future Architecture Face-to-Face Meeting held in the UK 5-7 November 2019, attended by technical representatives from the ESGF partner organisations. ESGF is an International federated archive that provides access to Earth science data. It is fundamentally a distributed file management system with its main function being data dissemination through the provision of services for efficient replication and search. It has been in operation for over ten years and has undergone continuous improvements and enhancements over this time span. The Future Architecture is a major review of the software system including a fundamental reassessment of its requirements with a view to develop a new overall system architecture. This has been initiated in the light of challenges around the maintenance of the existing software legacy and a changing technology landscape and practices in the communities it serves. The work is being carried out under the oversight of the ESGF Executive Committee and is coordinated activity between ESGF and the European IS-ENES3 project.
(501037) George Weston
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
A mixed-effects two-part model for twin-data and an application on identifying important factors associated with extremely preterm children’s health disorders
Creators: name: Xenakis, James G.
name: Zou, Baiming
name: Santos, Hudson P.
name: Zou, Fei
name: O'Shea, Mike M.
name: Fry, Rebecca C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Our recent studies identifying factors significantly associated with the positive child health index (PCHI) in a mixed cohort of preterm-born singletons, twins, and triplets posed some analytic and modeling challenges. The PCHI transforms the total number of health disorders experienced (of the eleven ascertained) to a scale from 0 to 100%. While some of the children had none of the eleven health disorders (i.e., PCHI = 1), others experienced a subset or all (i.e., 0 ≤PCHI< 1). This indicates the existence of two distinct data processes—one for the healthy children, and another for those with at least one health disorder, necessitating a two-part model to accommodate both. Further, the scores for twins and triplets are potentially correlated since these children share similar genetics and early environments. The existing approach for analyzing PCHI data dichotomizes the data (i.e., number of health disorders) and uses a mixed-effects logistic or multiple logistic regression to model the binary feature of the PCHI (1 vs. < 1). To provide an alternate analytic framework, in this study we jointly model the two data processes under a mixed-effects two-part model framework that accounts for the sample correlations between and within the two data processes. The proposed method increases power to detect factors associated with disorders. Extensive numerical studies demonstrate that the proposed joint-test procedure consistently outperforms the existing method when the type I error is controlled at the same level. Our numerical studies also show that the proposed method is robust to model misspecifications and it is applicable to a set of correlated semi-continuous data.
Phase Retrieval from Gabor Measurements
Creators: name: Bojarovska, Irena
name: Flinth, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42C15, 42A38, 94A12, 65T50

description: Compressed sensing investigates the recovery of sparse signals from linear measurements. But often, in a wide range of applications, one is given only the absolute values (squared) of the linear measurements. Recovering such signals (not necessarily sparse) is known as the phase retrieval problem. We consider this problem in the case when the measurements are time-frequency shifts of a suitably chosen generator, i.e. coming from a Gabor frame. We prove an easily checkable injectivity condition for recovery of any signal from all $N^2$ time-frequency shifts, and for recovery of sparse signals, when only some of those measurements are given.
Unveiling the evolutionary state of three B supergiant stars: PU Gem, $ε$ CMa and $η$ CMa
Creators: name: Arias, Julieta P. Sánchez
name: Németh, Péter
name: de Almeida, Elisson S. G.
name: Diaz, Matias A. Ruiz
name: Kraus, Michaela
name: Haucke, Maximiliano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We aim to combine asteroseismology, spectroscopy, and evolutionary models to establish a comprehensive picture of the evolution of Galactic blue supergiant stars (BSG). To start such an investigation, we selected three BSG candidates for our analysis: HD 42087 (PU Gem), HD 52089 ($ε$ CMa) and HD 58350 ($η$ CMa). These stars show pulsations and were suspected to be in an evolutionary stage either preceding or succeding the red supergiant (RSG) stage. For our analysis, we utilized the 2-min cadence TESS data to study the photometric variability and obtained new spectroscopic observations at the CASLEO observatory. We calculated CMFGEN non-LTE radiative transfer models and derived stellar and wind parameters using the iterative spectral analysis pipeline XTGRID. The spectral modeling was limited to changing only the effective temperature, surface gravity, CNO abundances, and mass-loss rates. Finally, we compared the derived metal abundances with predictions from Geneva stellar evolution models. The frequency spectra of all three stars show either stochastic oscillations, nonradial strange modes, or a rotational splitting. We conclude that the rather short sectoral observing windows of TESS prevent establishing a reliable mode identification of low frequencies connected to mass-loss variabilities. The spectral analysis confirmed gradual changes in the mass-loss rates and the derived CNO abundances comply with the values reported in the literature. We were able to achieve a quantitative match with stellar evolution models for the stellar masses and luminosities. However, the spectroscopic surface abundances turned out to be inconsistent with theoretical predictions. The stars show N enrichment, typical for CNO cycle processed material, but the abundance ratios do not reflect the associated levels of C and O depletion.
description: 29 pages, 18 figures, Accepted for publication in Galaxies
Online appendix: Exploring Links Between Hybrid Work Characteristics and Career Success from the Perspective of Social Cognitive Career Theory
Creators: name: Yang, Jianfeng
name: Tang, Hui
name: Xie, peng
name: Ming, Xiaodong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 350503
subject: Human resources management
classificationCode: 350507
subject: Workplace wellbeing and quality of working life

description: With the rapid changes brought by the information age, hybrid work characteristics have become prevalent in organizations. This study explored the relationship between hybrid work characteristics and career success by analyzing three-wave survey data from 356 employees, using social cognitive career theory as the theoretical foundation. The results showed that career self-efficacy partially mediates the relationships between hybrid work characteristics and career success, while self-leadership moderates these indirect relationships.
Tobacco and other risk factors for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Lilongwe Malawi: Results from the Lilongwe esophageal cancer case: Control study
Creators: name: Pritchett, Natalie
name: Mulima, Gift
name: Gopal, Satish
name: Murphy, Gwen
name: Chen, Yingxi
name: Kajombo, Chifundo
name: Phiri, Kamija S.
name: Dawsey, Sanford M.
name: Salima, Ande
name: Abnet, Christian C.
name: Nietschke, Peter
name: Kaimila, Bongani
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Objective Esophageal cancer is the second commonest cancer in Malawi, and 95% of all cases are esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Very little is known about the epidemiology of ESCC in Malawi including risk factors. The main objective of the study was to evaluate and describe risk factors of ESCC in Malawi. Methods We conducted a case-control study from 2017 to 2020 at two hospitals in Lilongwe, Malawi and consenting adults were eligible for inclusion. Endoscopy was conducted on all cases and biopsies were obtained for histological confirmation. Controls were selected from patients or their guardians in orthopedic, dental and ophthalmology wards and they were frequency matched by sex, age, and region of origin to cases. An electronic structured questionnaire was delivered by a trained interviewer. Multivariate conditional logistic regression models were used to assess the associations between subject characteristics, habits, and medical history and risk of ESCC. Results During the study period, 300 cases and 300 controls were enrolled into the study. Median age of cases and controls was 56 years and 62% of the cases were male. Among cases, 30% were ever cigarette smokers as were 22% of controls. Smoking cigarettes had an adjusted odds ratio of 2.4 (95% CI 1.4–4.2 p = 0.003). HIV+ status was present in 11% of cases and 4% controls, which resulted in an adjusted odds ratio was 4.0 (95% CI 1.8–9.0 p = 0.001). Drinking hot tea was associated with an adjusted odd ratio of 2.9 (95% CI 1.3–6.3 p = 0.007). Mold on stored grain has an adjusted odd ratio of 1.6 (95% CI 1.1–2.5 p = 0.021). Conclusion Reducing smoking cigarettes, consumption of scalding hot tea, and consumption of contaminated grain, could potentially help reduce the burden of ESCC in Malawi. Further investigation of the association between HIV status and ESCC are warranted.
Entropy-Based Financial Asset Pricing
Creators: name: Ormos, Mihaly
name: Zibriczky, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Pricing of Securities (q-fin.PR)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: J.4; G.3

description: We investigate entropy as a financial risk measure. Entropy explains the equity premium of securities and portfolios in a simpler way and, at the same time, with higher explanatory power than the beta parameter of the capital asset pricing model. For asset pricing we define the continuous entropy as an alternative measure of risk. Our results show that entropy decreases in the function of the number of securities involved in a portfolio in a similar way to the standard deviation, and that efficient portfolios are situated on a hyperbola in the expected return - entropy system. For empirical investigation we use daily returns of 150 randomly selected securities for a period of 27 years. Our regression results show that entropy has a higher explanatory power for the expected return than the capital asset pricing model beta. Furthermore we show the time varying behaviour of the beta along with entropy.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables and 4 supporting files
(501033) Mary Knatchbull
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Evidence of the Coulomb gap in the density of states of MoS$_2$
Creators: name: Masseroni, Michele
name: Qu, Tingyu
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Ihn, Thomas
name: Ensslin, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: $\mathrm{MoS_2}$ is an emergent van der Waals material that shows promising prospects in semiconductor industry and optoelectronic applications. However, its electronic properties are not yet fully understood. In particular, the nature of the insulating state at low carrier density deserves further investigation, as it is important for fundamental research and applications. In this study, we investigate the insulating state of a dual-gated exfoliated bilayer $\mathrm{MoS_2}$ field-effect transistor by performing magnetotransport experiments. We observe positive and non-saturating magnetoresistance, in a regime where only one band contributes to electron transport. At low electron density ($\sim 1.4\times 10^{12}~\mathrm{cm^{-2}}$) and a perpendicular magnetic field of 7 Tesla, the resistance exceeds by more than one order of magnitude the zero field resistance and exponentially drops with increasing temperature. We attribute this observation to strong electron localization. Both temperature and magnetic field dependence can, at least qualitatively, be described by the Efros-Shklovskii law, predicting the formation of a Coulomb gap in the density of states due to Coulomb interactions. However, the localization length obtained from fitting the temperature dependence exceeds by more than one order of magnitude the one obtained from the magnetic field dependence. We attribute this discrepancy to the presence of a nearby metallic gate, which provides electrostatic screening and thus reduces long-range Coulomb interactions. The result of our study suggests that the insulating state of $\mathrm{MoS_2}$ originates from a combination of disorder-driven electron localization and Coulomb interactions.
description: Data repository: https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000592153
(501034) Thomas Barnes Weston
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Improving viral load testing using a quality improvement approach in Blantyre, Malawi
Creators: name: Kagura, Juliana
name: Hosseinipour, Mina C.
name: Kamwendo, Angella J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Background Viral load (VL) testing coverage remains low particularly in resource limited countries despite recommendation by World Health Organization, and Malawi is no exception. A quality improvement (QI) approach was used to improve VL testing coverage from 27% to a target of 80% at an urban health facility in Malawi. Methods A QI study employing a time-series quasi-experimental design with no comparison group was conducted at Chilomoni health centre in Blantyre from April 2020 to July 2020. A retrospective record review of all patient records (257) from 8 weeks before the study was conducted to determine baseline VL testing coverage. Root cause analysis of low VL testing coverage was done using fish-bone tool and factors prioritized using a Pareto-chart. Priority factors included inadequate capacity to update electronic medical records and competing tasks. Change ideas were identified and prioritized using an effort-impact matrix. Two change ideas; re-orienting ART providers on VL test order in EMR and dedicated ART provider to serve VL tested patients were implemented and tested in 5 Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycles from the Model for Improvement (MFI), each lasting one week. The latter was tested, and adapted in 3 cycles, and eventually adopted for monitoring for another 5 weeks. VL testing coverage was tracked throughout the study using run charts and p-charts. Results VL testing coverage increased from 27% to 71% by the end of the study, with children aged 0 to 14 years having the lowest coverage throughout the study. Conclusion The MFI as a QI approach improved VL testing coverage through implementation of contextualized change ideas. A reliable data system, leadership buy-in and commitment are important for sustained improvement. Future research should focus on evaluating sustainability of improved VL testing coverage at the health facility and assessing barriers to VL testing among the paediatric population.
Understanding factors that promote uptake of HIV self-testing among young people in Nigeria: Framing youth narratives using the PEN-3 cultural model
Creators: name: Modi, Karan
name: Iwelunmor, Juliet
name: Nwaozuru, Ucheoma
name: Ezechi, Oliver C.
name: Obiezu-Umeh, Chisom
name: Parker, Jessica
name: BeLue, Rhonda
name: Uzoaru, Florida
name: Mason, Stacey
name: Airhihenbuwa, Collins
name: Engelhart, Alexis
name: Gbaja-Biamila, Titilola
name: Oladele, David
name: Musa, Adesola Z.
name: Tucker, Joseph
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: It is important to understand how to frame the formats for promoting HIV self-testing to increase uptake among young people. In this study, we used a culture-centered model to understand the narratives of HIV self-testing preferences among young people in Nigeria. We conducted a crowdsourcing contest to solicit ideas surrounding HIV self-testing promotion among young people (10–24 years) in Nigeria from October to November 2018 as part of the 2018 World AIDS Day event. We received 903 submissions and employed thematic content analysis to evaluate 769 eligible youth narratives. Thematic content analysis of the statements from the youth narratives was guided by the PEN-3 cultural model to examine the positive, existential, and negative perceptions (beliefs and values), enablers (resources), and nurturers (roles of friends and family) of HIV self-testing promotion among young people in Nigeria. Several themes emerged as factors that influence the uptake of HIV self-testing among young people in Nigeria. Specifically, seven themes emerged as perceptions: HIV testing accessibility, stigma reduction, and autonomy (positive); HIV self-testing kit packaging and advertisements (existential); lack of knowledge and increased stigma (negative). Seven themes emerged as enablers: social media, school, and government promotion (positive); gamification and animation (existential); high cost and access to linkage to care services (negative); And seven themes emerged as nurturers: peer, families, and faith-based communities (positive); parents and family-centered approach (existential); and partners and family (negative). Our data suggests that increased awareness around HIV self-testing on current youth-friendly platforms, de-stigmatization of HIV and HIV self-testing, decreased prices for HIV self-testing kits, reliability of testing kits, increased linkage to care services, and promotion of self-testing among family members and the community will be beneficial for HIV self-testing scale-up measures among young people in Nigeria.
Martin Humburg, Dominik Bonatz, Claus Veltmann (Hrsg.): Im "Land der Menschen". Der Missionar und Maier Eduard Fries und die Insel Nias
Creators: name: Schröter, Susanne
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2022

description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 97 (2005): ASIEN (Oktober)
Borel computation of names in template iterations
Creators: name: Mejía, Diego Alejandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03E40

description: We prove that, for a suitable iteration along a template, we can compute any name for a real from a Borel function coded in the ground model evaluated at only countably many of the generic reals.
description: Included in the proceedings of RIMS Set Theory Workshop on Infinitary Combinatorics in Set Theory and Its Applications, Kyoto, Japan (2014 Nov). 8 pages
Martin Lukas, David Steinhilper: Liv­ing Conditions in the Gunung Sewu karst region (Java, Indonesia)
Creators: name: Unterbeck, Heidrun
name: Missbach, Antje
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2022

description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 97 (2005): ASIEN (Oktober)
Peter Nas, Gerard Persoon, Rivke Jaffe (eds.): Framing Indonesian reali­ties. Essays in symbolic anthropol­ogy in honour of Reimar Schefold
Creators: name: Graf, Arndt
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2022

description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 97 (2005): ASIEN (Oktober)
Developing health and environmental warning messages about red meat: An online experiment
Creators: name: Grummon, Anna H.
name: Taillie, Lindsey Smith
name: Prestemon, Carmen E.
name: Jaacks, Lindsay M.
name: Hall, Marissa G.
name: Vesely, Annamaria
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Introduction The United States has among the highest per capita red meat consumption in the world. Reducing red meat consumption is crucial for minimizing the environmental impact of diets and improving health outcomes. Warning messages are effective for reducing purchases of products like sugary beverages but have not been developed for red meat. This study developed health and environmental warning messages about red meat and explored participants’ reactions to these messages. Methods A national convenience sample of US red meat consumers (n = 1,199; mean age 45 years) completed an online survey in 2020 for this exploratory study. Participants were randomized to view a series of either health or environmental warning messages (between-subjects factor) about the risks associated with eating red meat. Messages were presented in random order (within-subjects factor; 8 health messages or 10 environmental messages). Participants rated each warning message on a validated 3-item scale measuring perceived message effectiveness (PME), ranging from 1 (low) to 5 (high). Participants then rated their intentions to reduce their red meat consumption in the next 7 days. Results Health warning messages elicited higher PME ratings than environmental messages (mean 2.66 vs. 2.26, p<0.001). Health warning messages also led to stronger intentions to reduce red meat consumption compared to environmental messages (mean 2.45 vs. 2.19, p<0.001). Within category (health and environmental), most pairwise comparisons of harms were not statistically significant. Conclusions Health warning messages were perceived to be more effective than environmental warning messages. Future studies should measure the impact of these messages on behavioral outcomes.
Mitella integripetala H.Boissieu
Creators: name: M. Wakabayashi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Saxifragales
Saxifragaceae
Mitella
Mitella integripetala

description: 2. Mitella integripetala H.Boissieu in Bull. Herb. Boissier 5: 689 (1897). Japanese name: Ezo-no-charumeru-so. Stoloniferous perennial herbs. Rhizomes short creeping, hypogaeous, with slender stolons. Radical leaf blade triangular-ovate, cordate, 3-7 cm long and wide, palmately or shallowly 3-5-lobed, with irregular teeth; upper surface sparsely pilose, lower surface glabrescent; petiole 10-15 cm long, sparsely minutely glandular, with long glandular hairs when young, with a pair of axillary stipules at base. Flowering stems 25-45 cm tall, erect, densely glandular hairy. Cauline leaves (1 or)2(or 3), short petiolate at middle of stem, closely alternate, similar to radical ones but more deeply lobed and acute. Inflorescences racemes 8-16-flowered. Flowers June; pedicel 2-3 mm long, densely minutely glandular. Calyx tube broadly cup-shaped, sparsely minutely glandular, greenish; calyx lobes 5, lanceolate-triangular, acute, 3-nerved, minutely glandular on abaxial surface and on upper half of adaxial surface, 2-2.3 mm long, longer than calyx tube, reflexed at anthesis, dark purplish. Petals 5, subulate-linear, 1-nerved, minutely glandular dotted, 5-6.4 mm long, ca. 0.6 mm wide at base, reflexed at anthesis, reddish purple. Stamens 5, opposite calyx lobes, attached to uppermost margin of calyx tube, ca. 1.6 mm long; anthers ovoid, cordate, ca. 1 mm long just before anthesis, yellow. Ovary subsuperior, minutely glandular on ventral surface of carpels, with dark purplish tinge. Styles 2, horn-like, thick at base and tapering, slightly divergent, with pointed stigma at tip, minutely glandular on ventral surface, ca. as long as ovary, ca. 1.2 mm long, with dark purplish tinge. Seeds oblong, ca. 0.7 mm long, glabrous, smooth, black. Chromosome number: 2n = 14 (Wakabayashi 1973). Japan: S. Hokkaido and N. Honshu. Shady and moist places in woods in mountainous areas. Endemic. Icones: Nakai & Honda, Nov. FI. Jap. 3: f. 34 (1939); Kitamura & Murata, Herb. PI. 2: f. 71 3; Satake et al., Herb. PI. 2: photo. 151 3 & 4.
description: Published as part of M. Wakabayashi, 2006, Tiarella and Mitella, pp. 70-75 in Flora of Japan, Volume 2 b: Angiospermae-Dicotyledoneae: Archichlamydeae (b), Kodansha on page 71, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.47476
Superconductivity and Phase Diagram in (Li$_{0.8}$Fe$_{0.2}$)OHFeSe$_{1-x}$S$_x$
Creators: name: Lu, X. F.
name: Wang, N. Z.
name: Luo, X. G.
name: Zhang, G. H.
name: Gong, X. L.
name: Huang, F. Q.
name: Chen, X. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A series of (Li$_{0.8}$Fe$_{0.2}$)OHFeSe$_{1-x}$S$_x$ (0 $\leq$ x $\leq$ 1) samples were successfully synthesized via hydrothermal reaction method and the phase diagram is established. Magnetic susceptibility suggests that an antiferromagnetism arising from (Li$_{0.8}$Fe$_{0.2}$)OH layers coexists with superconductivity, and the antiferromagnetic transition temperature nearly remains constant for various S doping levels. In addition, the lattice parameters of the both a and c axes decrease and the superconducting transition temperature T$_c$ is gradually suppressed with the substitution of S for Se, and eventually superconductivity vanishes at $x$ = 0.90. The decrease of T$_c$ could be attributed to the effect of chemical pressure induced by the smaller ionic size of S relative to that of Se, being consistent with the effect of hydrostatic pressure on (Li$_{0.8}$Fe$_{0.2}$)OHFeSe. But the detailed investigation on the relationships between $T_{\rm c}$ and the crystallographic facts suggests a very different dependence of $T_{\rm c}$ on anion height from the Fe2 layer or $Ch$-Fe2-$Ch$ angle from those in FeAs-based superconductors.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Navigating Aotearoa New Zealand’s Multilingual Social Media Landscape (Wong, 2022)
Creators: name: Wong, Sidney
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 470403
subject: Computational linguistics
classificationCode: 470411
subject: Sociolinguistics

description: The purpose of the current study is to take a demographic approach to understand Aotearoa New Zealand. The advent of social media and the influx of language data using computational linguistic methods provide linguists with a new avenue of research. One benefit of analysing geo-referenced social media language data is that we are able to show variation and change in the distribution of languages used in Aotearoa New Zealand to low geographic areas. The geo-referenced tweets come from a subset of the Corpus of Global Language Use (Dunn, 2020). The tweets were collected from 98 locations across Aotearoa New Zealand between 2017 to present. We used a language identification model to classify tweets based on the content of the words. Over 403 distinct languages were identified from the tweets using the language identification model. However, comparing the distributions of languages alone does not provide a clear picture of Aotearoa New Zealand’s changing multilingual social media landscape. In order to do this, we calculated the concentration ratio (CR) for each data collection point as a proxy measure for linguistic diversity (Hirschman, 1945). A CR is often used to determine market competitiveness. A low CR between 0% to 40% suggests low concentration (i.e., high linguistic diversity) while a CR between 70% to 100% suggests high concentration (i.e., low linguistic diversity). The results of the current study suggest that locations across Aotearoa New Zealand are largely linguistically homogeneous; however, linguistic diversity does fluctuate over time.The linguistic landscape of Twitter is consistently more diverse in locations such as those in Tāmaki Makaurau Auckland than Ōtautahi Christchurch. Furthermore, there are clear impacts of the linguistic landscape from the Covid-19 pandemic as a result of restrictions on travel and migration. By observing the variation in the distribution of languages on Twitter, we are able to identify changes in the linguistic behaviour for a given location. Social media platforms like Twitter provide a rich source of language data for us to observe real-time societal and attitudinal changes which would not be possible using traditional survey and sampling methods.ReferencesDunn, J. (2020). Mapping languages: the Corpus of Global Language Use. Lang Resources & Evaluation 54, 999–1018.Dunn, J., Coupe, T., & Adams, B. (2020). Measuring Linguistic Diversity During COVID-19, Proceedings of The Fourth Workshop on the Fourth Workshop on Natural Language Processing and Computational Social Science.Hirschman, A. O. (1945). National power and the structure of foreign trade. University of California Press.
(501030) Henry Tucker Montresor
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.