cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Association between Glutathione S-Transferase GSTM1-T1 and P1 Polymorphisms with Metabolic Syndrome in Zoroastrians in Yazd, Iran
Creators: name: Afrand, Mohammadhosain
name: Nasrollah Bashardoost
name: Sheikhha, Mohammad Hasan
name: Shojaoddiny-Ardekani, Ahmad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Gender studies
subject: Ethnic Studies
subject: Genetic Engineering
subject: Medicine
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Diseases
subject: Pathogenesis
subject: Health Care

description: GSTP1-I/V and V/V alleles, alone or in association with GSTM1 null and GSTT1 present genotypes, are related with decreased susceptibility to the development of MS in Zoroastrian females.
title: Modeling MgAl₂O₄ Motheye Structures in Solar Cells
title: Modeling Magnesium Aluminate (MgAl₂O₄) Motheye Structures in Solar Cells
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Ajayi, Olorunjuwon
name: Menyuk, Curtis
name: Tu, Chaoran
name: Courtright, Logan
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2022

description: Undergraduate Research and Creative Achievement Day, UMBC (April 18-24, 2022)
PROCEDIMIENTO NORMALIZADO DE TRABAJO. ESTUDIO DE AGENTES GENITOPATÓGENOS QUE CRECEN EN MEDIOS DE CULTIVO ARTIFICIALES.
Creators: name: Gutiérrez-Fernández, José
name: Navarro-Marí, José María
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Pathology

description: PROCEDIMIENTO NORMALIZADO DE TRABAJO PARA EL ESTUDIO DE AGENTES GENITOPATÓGENOS QUE CRECEN EN MEDIOS DE CULTIVO ARTIFICIALES.
Human Preferences as Dueling Bandits
Creators: name: Yan, Xinyi
name: Luo, Chengxi
name: Clarke, Charles L. A.
name: Craswell, Nick
name: Voorhees, Ellen M.
name: Castells, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The dramatic improvements in core information retrieval tasks engendered by neural rankers create a need for novel evaluation methods. If every ranker returns highly relevant items in the top ranks, it becomes difficult to recognize meaningful differences between them and to build reusable test collections. Several recent papers explore pairwise preference judgments as an alternative to traditional graded relevance assessments. Rather than viewing items one at a time, assessors view items side-by-side and indicate the one that provides the better response to a query, allowing fine-grained distinctions. If we employ preference judgments to identify the probably best items for each query, we can measure rankers by their ability to place these items as high as possible. We frame the problem of finding best items as a dueling bandits problem. While many papers explore dueling bandits for online ranker evaluation via interleaving, they have not been considered as a framework for offline evaluation via human preference judgments. We review the literature for possible solutions. For human preference judgments, any usable algorithm must tolerate ties, since two items may appear nearly equal to assessors, and it must minimize the number of judgments required for any specific pair, since each such comparison requires an independent assessor. Since the theoretical guarantees provided by most algorithms depend on assumptions that are not satisfied by human preference judgments, we simulate selected algorithms on representative test cases to provide insight into their practical utility. Based on these simulations, one algorithm stands out for its potential. Our simulations suggest modifications to further improve its performance. Using the modified algorithm, we collect over 10,000 preference judgments for submissions to the TREC 2021 Deep Learning Track, confirming its suitability.
description: To appear in 45th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval. Associated code and data is available at https://github.com/XinyiYan/duelingBandits
Defamation as a Language Crime: A Sociopragmatic Approach to Defamation Cases in the High Courts of Justice of Spain
Creators: name: Guillén Nieto, Victoria
Publisher: name: International Language and Law Association (ILLA)
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: forensic linguistics, High Courts of Justice of Spain, impoliteness, language as evidence, language crimes
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences: Linguistics: Applied Linguistics; Social and Behavioral Sciences: Legal Studies: Forensic Science and Technology

description: The investigation of language crimes is one of the expert areas of forensic linguistics as a forensic science that analyses language as evidence. This paper focuses on a particular type of language crime: defamation. This is an offence perpetrated, primarily, with malicious language—either written language (libel), spoken language (slander), or technospeech (Garfield, 2011: 17)—that involves social emotions and intentional false communication and harms a person’s dignity, prestige, and reputation in the social community. Since the 1980s, linguists have tried to shed light on defamation as a language crime from various linguistic theories such as speech act theory, semantics, discourse analysis, and pragmatics, as shown in works by Durant (1996: 195–210), Hancher (1980: 245–256), Kniffka (2007: 113–148), Shuy (2010) and Tiersma (1987: 303–350). In this paper, we take a different path in suggesting a sociopragmatics-based approach to the analysis of defamation, with special reference to impoliteness (Culpeper, 2011; Spencer-Oatey, 2005: 95–119). The questions we discuss are: (1) Is the theory of impoliteness appropriate for evidencing actionable offence in cases involving defamation? (2) How do the High Courts of Justice of Spain appraise defamatory meaning? (3) Does conventionalised formulaic impoliteness promote guilty verdicts? And (4) Does non-conventionalised impoliteness support acquittals? This piece of research is grounded in empirical data, particularly in a corpus of 150 judgments for cases of defamation given by the High Courts of Justice of Spain between 2013 and 2017. Cite as: Guillén Nieto, JLL 9 (2020), 1–22, DOI: 10.14762/jll.2020.001
description: International Journal of Language & Law (JLL), Vol 9: Forensic Linguistics: New Procedures and Standards
Game Technology Degrees Classification and Comparison
Creators: name: Kenwright
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Software
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This report presents a brief comprehensive comparison of technical game courses within the United Kingdom.
Different courses provides a focus on different aspects, such as, the tool chain, art, design, management, and mathematic theory.
Comparing key factors, such as, recognition and accreditation, industry involvement, facilities and equipment, and entry requirements, enables us to quickly identify areas of importance in the context of a 'global' overview.
Allelopathic potential of some essential oils vis-à-vis three noxious weed species invading cereals
Creators: name: Iqbal, Zahid
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soil Science
subject: 99901 Agricultural Engineering
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: Education
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This investigation was performed to assess the allelopathic potential of essential oils extracted from seven
medicinal and aromatic plants of the Tunisian flora: Artemisia herba-alba Asso., Mentha pulegium L.,
Rosmarinus officinalis L., Salvia officinalis L., Lavandula officinalis L., Eucalyptus gomphocephala DC. and
Foeniculum vulgare Mill.; selected based on ethnobotanical data. To achieve the target, in vitro trials were
carried out to test the inhibitory activity of these volatile oils against seed germination of three Mediterranean
noxious weed species namely Sinapis arvensis L., Rumex crispus L. and Phalaris minor Retz.; invading most
particularly grain crops. Accordingly, the same bioassays were conducted concurrently for two winter cereals
wheat and barley as non-target species. The scrutiny of results revealed a differential response among weed
species as well as a disparity across the essential oil activities. Indeed, solely oils from A. herba-alba, M.
pulegium and L. officinalis drastically inhibited seed germination of P. minor and S. arvensis. Based on their
phytotoxic potency (IC50), these most active essential oils could be subsequently ranked as M. pulegium > L.
officinalis > A. herba- alba. In a second step, a phytochemical study using GC/FID and GC/MS was undertaken.
The abundance of oxygenated monoterpenes might thereby explain the potent inhibitory activity of the oils.
Moreover, it is worth noting that A. herba-alba essential oil exhibited a distinct chemical composition which
would characterize the Tunisian Dorsale. Hence, these promising findings may solve some environmental issues
related to pesticide pollution and hold the key to non-chemical weed management strategy.
PROCEDIMIENTO NORMALIZADO DE TRABAJO. ESTUDIO DE AGENTES GENITOPATÓGENOS QUE CRECEN EN MEDIOS DE CULTIVO ARTIFICIALES.
Creators: name: Gutiérrez-Fernández, José
name: Miranda-Casas, Consuelo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2015
Subjects: Medicine
Pathology

description: PROCEDIMIENTO NORMALIZADO DE TRABAJO PARA EL ESTUDIO DE AGENTES GENITOPATÓGENOS QUE CRECEN EN MEDIOS DE CULTIVO ARTIFICIALES.
Slow saturable absorption for optimal operation in a soliton comb laser
Creators: name: Kang, Zhe
name: Wang, Yinghe
name: Wang, Shaokang
name: Zheng, Zi-Wei
name: Zhang, Xianting
name: Menyuk, Curtis
Publisher: name: Optica
Year: 2022
Subjects: slow saturable absorber (SSA)
SESAM-based soliton fiber comb laser
SESAM recovery time

description: In this article, we study how the choice of parameters of a slow saturable absorber (SSA) affects the stable operation of a soliton fiber comb laser. We show that a shorter recovery time for the SSA does not always lead to shorter modelocked pulses. Instead, increasing the cavity gain plays a critical role in generating stable modelocked pulses with higher energy and shorter durations. We find that more stable, shorter, and more energetic output pulses can be achieved with lower saturation energies of the SSA and/or higher anomalous dispersion within the cavity.
Computation and Stability Analysis of Periodically Stationary Pulses in a Short Pulse Laser
Creators: name: Shinglot, Vrushaly
name: Zweck, John
name: Latushkin, Yuri
name: Menyuk, Curtis
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2022

description: Twelfth IMACS International Conference on Nonlinear Evolution Equations and Wave Phenomena: Computation and Theory, Athens, GA (Mar. 30 – Apr. 1, 2022)
description: A significant challenge in the modeling of short pulse fiber lasers is that with each successive generation there has been a dramatic increase in the amount by which the pulse varies over each round trip. Therefore, lumped rather than averaged models are required to accurately compute the periodically stationary (breather) solutions generated by these lasers.
Enabling Effective Error Mitigation in Memory Chips That Use On-Die Error-Correcting Codes
Creators: name: Patel, Minesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Improvements in main memory storage density are primarily driven by process technology scaling, which negatively impacts reliability by exacerbating various circuit-level error mechanisms. To compensate for growing error rates, both memory manufacturers and consumers use error-mitigation mechanisms that improve manufacturing yield and allow system designers to meet reliability targets. Developing effective error mitigations requires understanding the errors' characteristics (e.g., worst-case behavior, statistical properties). Unfortunately, we observe that proprietary on-die Error-Correcting Codes (ECC) used in modern memory chips introduce new challenges to efficient error mitigation by obfuscating CPU-visible error characteristics in an unpredictable, ECC-dependent manner. This dissertation builds a detailed understanding of how on-die ECC obfuscates the statistical properties of main memory error mechanisms using a combination of real-chip experiments and statistical analyses. We experimentally study memory errors, examine how on-die ECC obfuscates their statistical characteristics, and develop new testing techniques to overcome the obfuscation. Our results show that the obfuscated error characteristics can be recovered using new memory testing techniques that exploit the interaction between on-die ECC and the statistical characteristics of memory error mechanisms to expose physical cell behavior. We conclude by discussing the critical need for transparency in DRAM reliability characteristics in order to enable DRAM consumers to better understand and adapt commodity DRAM chips to their system-specific needs. We hope and believe that the analysis, techniques, and results we present in this dissertation will enable the community to better understand and tackle current and future reliability challenges as well as adapt commodity memory to new advantageous applications.
description: Doctoral Dissertation at ETH Zurich, defended 1 Oct 2021
GN5-1 D6.1 Network eAcademy
Creators: name: Gandía, Maria Isabel
name: Golub, Ivana
name: Vuletic, Pavle
name: Cunningham, Dónal
name: Dedinec, Aleksandra
name: Koteska, Bojana
name: Stamos, Kostas
name: Ioannou, Iacovos
name: Anastasiou, Aristos
name: Mujaric, Eldis
name: Naegele-Jackson, Susanne
name: Astorga, Jasone
name: Iluha, Nicolai
Publisher: name: GÉANT
Year: 2024
Subjects: WP6
Network Development
eAcademy

description: The Network eAcademy is an umbrella of activities to help individuals and organisations advance their knowledge in specific technical domains related to network technologies and services. The service provides a wealth of resources, knowledge-sharing activities and training programmes to foster digital transformation and skills enhancement within the GÉANT and NREN community.
PROCEDIMIENTO NORMALIZADO DE TRABAJO. ESTUDIO DE AGENTES GENITOPATÓGENOS QUE CRECEN EN MEDIOS DE CULTIVO ARTIFICIALES.
Creators: name: Gutiérrez-Fernández, José
name: Miranda-Casas, Consuelo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Pathology

description: PROCEDIMIENTO NORMALIZADO DE TRABAJO PARA EL ESTUDIO DE AGENTES GENITOPATÓGENOS QUE CRECEN EN MEDIOS DE CULTIVO ARTIFICIALES.
Beginning Farm Operators and Spouses More Likely To Work Off the Farm Than Established Counterparts
Creators: name: Key, Nigel
name: Key, Nigel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: beginning farm
subject: beginning ranch
subject: farm labor
subject: farm households

description: Beginning farms and ranches accounted for 17 percent of all U.S. operations between 2013 and 2017. About a third of beginning farms produced at least $10,000 worth of output, compared with almost half of established farms. Because beginning farms tend to be smaller, they require less farm labor, earn less net farm income, and rely more on off-farm income. In 2017, 67 percent of beginning farm principal operators worked off the farm, compared with 45 percent of established farm operators. The spouse of a beginning farm principal operator was also more likely to work off the farm.
Students' experiences of learning Sciences during the Covid-19 pandemic and their suggestions for the next day: A Greek University Department case study
Creators: name: Rizos, Ioannis
name: Gkrekas, Nikolaos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Around the globe Covid-19 pandemic has influenced not only the education, but also our everyday life, among other aspects. In Greece, distance learning started to get in use widely in tertiary education, since the first national lockdown was announced and reshaped education in many ways. In the University of Thessaly, in the Department of Mathematics, undergraduate students opt a lot of different courses to attend and due to the Covid-19 crisis all of them are taught via web platforms. Some of the most significant theoretical subjects are "Calculus" (with applications in Science and Mechanics), "Physics" (Classical Mechanics) and "Philosophy of Science". In addition, some other applied subjects are "Programming Languages" and "Digital Technologies in Mathematics Education" and the impact the above have, generally in education and society itself. In this paper, we describe the different ways students have reacted regarding learning Sciences in a distance learning environment. We split our case study in two parts. The first one is about the way students experience e-learning and the second one is about their suggestions for the next day. Integrating e-questionnaires and interviews and taking into account parameters like economic factors and the permanent residence issue, we asked the students about their preferences among face-to-face learning, distance learning and a blended model. Remarks about the academic life and the possible ways of taking the extra step, after the Covid-19 crisis ceases to exist, are made.
A Study of Flares in the Ultra-Cool Regime from SPECULOOS-South
Creators: name: Murray, C. A.
name: Queloz, D.
name: Gillon, M.
name: Demory, B. O.
name: Triaud, A. H. M. J.
name: de Wit, J.
name: Burdanov, A.
name: Chinchilla, P.
name: Delrez, L.
name: Dransfield, G.
name: Ducrot, E.
name: Garcia, L. J.
name: Chew, Y. Gómez Maqueo
name: Günther, M. N.
name: Jehin, E.
name: McCormac, J.
name: Niraula, P.
name: Pedersen, P. P.
name: Pozuelos, F. J.
name: Rackham, B. V.
name: Schanche, N.
name: Sebastian, D.
name: Thompson, S. J.
name: Timmermans, M.
name: Wells, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of photometric flares on 154 low-mass ($\leq 0.2 \textrm{M}_{\odot}$) objects observed by the SPECULOOS-South Observatory from 1st June 2018 to 23rd March 2020. In this sample we identify 85 flaring objects, ranging in spectral type from M4 to L0. We detect 234 flares in this sample, with energies between $10^{29.2}$ and $10^{32.7}$ erg, using both automated and manual methods. With this work, we present the largest photometric sample of flares on late-M and ultra-cool dwarfs to date. By extending previous M dwarf flare studies into the ultra-cool regime, we find M5-M7 stars are more likely to flare than both earlier, and later, M dwarfs. By performing artificial flare injection-recovery tests we demonstrate that we can detect a significant proportion of flares down to an amplitude of 1 per cent, and we are most sensitive to flares on the coolest stars. Our results reveal an absence of high-energy flares on the reddest dwarfs. To probe the relations between rotation and activity for fully convective stars, we extract rotation periods for fast rotators and lower-bound period estimates of slow rotators. These rotation periods span from 2.2 hours to 65 days, and we find that the proportion of flaring stars increases for the very fastest rotators. Finally, we discuss the impact of our flare sample on planets orbiting ultra-cool stars. As stars become cooler, they flare less frequently; therefore, it is unlikely that planets around the very reddest dwarfs would enter the `abiogenesis' zone or drive visible-light photosynthesis through flares alone.
description: 21 pages, 12 figures, to be published in MNRAS
PROCEDIMIENTO NORMALIZADO DE TRABAJO. ESTUDIO DE AGENTES GENITOPATÓGENOS QUE CRECEN EN MEDIOS DE CULTIVO ARTIFICIALES.
Creators: name: Gutiérrez-Fernández, José
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Pathology

description: PROCEDIMIENTO NORMALIZADO DE TRABAJO PARA EL ESTUDIO DE AGENTES GENITOPATÓGENOS QUE CRECEN EN MEDIOS DE CULTIVO ARTIFICIALES.
U.S. Exports of Chickpeas, Lentils, and Dry Peas Have Dropped Sharply Due to a Steep Decline in Shipments to India
Creators: name: Bond, Jennifer K.
name: Bond, Jennifer K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Production Economics
subject: dry edible seeds
subject: legume
subject: chickpeas
subject: lentils
subject: dry peas
subject: exports

description: The United States is a key global producer and exporter of a class of commodities known as pulses, which includes chickpeas, lentils, and dry peas. Recently, U.S. exports have fallen sharply due to greatly reduced sales to the key India market.
Mostra: A Flexible Balancing Framework to Trade-off User, Artist and Platform Objectives for Music Sequencing
Creators: name: Bugliarello, Emanuele
name: Mehrotra, Rishabh
name: Kirk, James
name: Lalmas, Mounia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the task of sequencing tracks on music streaming platforms where the goal is to maximise not only user satisfaction, but also artist- and platform-centric objectives, needed to ensure long-term health and sustainability of the platform. Grounding the work across four objectives: Sat, Discovery, Exposure and Boost, we highlight the need and the potential to trade-off performance across these objectives, and propose Mostra, a Set Transformer-based encoder-decoder architecture equipped with submodular multi-objective beam search decoding. The proposed model affords system designers the power to balance multiple goals, and dynamically control the impact on one objective to satisfy other objectives. Through extensive experiments on data from a large-scale music streaming platform, we present insights on the trade-offs that exist across different objectives, and demonstrate that the proposed framework leads to a superior, just-in-time balancing across the various metrics of interest.
description: TheWebConf 2022
Origami-controlled strain engineering of tunable flat bands and correlated states in folded graphene
Creators: name: Yang, Li-Zhen
name: Tong, Ling-Hui
name: Liao, Cheng-Sheng
name: Wu, Qilong
name: Fu, Xiaoshuai
name: Zhou, Yue-Ying
name: Tian, Yuan
name: Zhang, Li
name: Zhang, Lijie
name: Cai, Meng-Qiu
name: He, Lin
name: Qin, Zhihui
name: Yin, Long-Jing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Flat electronic bands with tunable structures offer opportunities for the exploitation and manipulation of exotic interacting quantum states. Here, we present a controllable route to construct easily tunable flat bands in folded graphene, by nano origami-controlled strain engineering, and discover correlated states in this system. Via tearing and folding graphene monolayer at arbitrary step edges with scanning tunneling microscope manipulation, we create strain-induced pseudo-magnetic fields as well as resulting flat electronic bands in the curved edges of folded graphene. We show that the intensity of the pseudo-magnetic field can be readily tuned by changing the width of the folding edge due to the edge-width-dependent lattice deformation, leading to the well adjustability of the geometry of flat bands in folded graphene. Furthermore, by creating expected dispersionless flat bands using this technique, the correlation-induced splits of flat bands are successfully observed in the density of states when these bands are partially filled. Our experiment provides a feasible and effective pathway to engineer the system with tunable flat band structures, and establishes a new platform that can be used to realize devisable strain and interaction induced quantum phases.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures
Chemical profile, antiproliferative and antioxidant activities of rhizome oil of Zingiber anamalayanum from Western Ghats in India
Creators: name: Salim, Mohamed
name: T.K. Ahmedul Kabeer
name: S. Ajikumaran Nair
name: Dan, Mathew
name: M. Sabu
name: Sabulal Baby
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Volatile oil from fresh rhizomes of Zingiber anamalayanum was isolated by hydrodistillation and characterised by GC–FID and GC–MS. Twenty-one out of 24 constituents comprising 99.47% of the oil were identified. Major components in Z. anamalayanum rhizome oil were δ-2-carene (52.83%), camphene (9.83%), endo-fenchol (9.42%), iso-dihydrocarveol (6.44%) and cis-p-mentha-2,8-dien-1-ol (5.19%). Monoterpene hydrocarbons in the rhizome oil were 65.81%, followed by oxygenated monoterpenes (23.78%) and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (9.87%). Physical parameters of rhizome oil were 1.4031, − 16.097o (c = 1, CHCl3) and 0.9202. Z. anamalayanum rhizome oil showed significant anti-Dalton’s Lymphoma Ascitic activity.
Multimodal fluorescence microscopy of prion strain specific PrP deposits stained by thiophene-based amyloid ligands
Creators: name: Hammarström, Per
name: Magnusson, Karin
name: Simon, Rozalyn
name: Sjölander, Daniel
name: Sigurdson, Christina J
name: K Peter R Nilsson
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Chemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Medicine
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: The disease-associated prion protein (PrP) forms aggregates which vary in structural conformation yet share an identical primary sequence. These variations in PrP conformation are believed to manifest in prion strains exhibiting distinctly different periods of disease incubation as well as regionally specific aggregate deposition within the brain. The anionic luminescent conjugated polythiophene (LCP), polythiophene acetic acid (PTAA) has previously been used to distinguish PrP deposits associated with distinct mouse adapted strains via distinct fluorescence emission profiles from the dye. Here, we employed PTAA and 3 structurally related chemically defined luminescent conjugated oligothiophenes (LCOs) to stain brain tissue sections from mice inoculated with 2 distinct prion strains. Our results showed that in addition to emission spectra, excitation, and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) can fruitfully be assessed for optical distinction of PrP deposits associated with distinct prion strains. Our findings support the theory that alterations in LCP/LCO fluorescence are due to distinct conformational restriction of the thiophene backbone upon interaction with PrP aggregates associated with distinct prion strains. We foresee that LCP and LCO staining in combination with multimodal fluorescence microscopy might aid in detecting structural differences among discrete protein aggregates and in linking protein conformational features with disease phenotypes for a variety of neurodegenerative proteinopathies.
Gene Function Prediction with Gene Interaction Networks: A Context Graph Kernel Approach
Creators: name: Li, Xin
name: Chen, Hsinchun
name: Li, Jiexun
name: Zhang, Zhu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Predicting gene functions is a challenge for biologists in the post genomic era. Interactions among genes and their products compose networks that can be used to infer gene functions. Most previous studies adopt a linkage assumption, i.e., they assume that gene interactions indicate functional similarities between connected genes. In this study, we propose to use a gene's context graph, i.e., the gene interaction network associated with the focal gene, to infer its functions. In a kernel-based machine-learning framework, we design a context graph kernel to capture the information in context graphs. Our experimental study on a testbed of p53-related genes demonstrates the advantage of using indirect gene interactions and shows the empirical superiority of the proposed approach over linkage-assumption-based methods, such as the algorithm to minimize inconsistent connected genes and diffusion kernels.
Global Mapping of Gene/Protein Interactions in PubMed Abstracts: A Framework and an Experiment with P53 Interactions
Creators: name: Li, Xin
name: Chen, Hsinchun
name: Huang, Zan
name: Su, Hua
name: Martinez, Jesse D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Gene/protein interactions provide critical information for a thorough understanding of cellular processes. Recently, considerable interest and effort has been focused on the construction and analysis of genome-wide gene networks. The large body of biomedical literature is an important source of gene/protein interaction information. Recent advances in text mining tools have made it possible to automatically extract such documented interactions from free-text literature. In this paper, we propose a comprehensive framework for constructing and analyzing large-scale gene functional networks based on the gene/protein interactions extracted from biomedical literature repositories using text mining tools. Our proposed framework consists of analyses of the network topology, network topology-gene function relationship, and temporal network evolution to distill valuable information embedded in the gene functional interactions in literature. We demonstrate the application of the proposed framework using a testbed of P53-related PubMed abstracts, which shows that literature-based P53 networks exhibit small-world and scale-free properties. We also found that high degree genes in the literature-based networks have a high probability of appearing in the manually curated database and genes in the same pathway tend to form local clusters in our literature-based networks. Temporal analysis showed that genes interacting with many other genes tend to be involved in a large number of newly discovered interactions.
Characterization of the leaf essential oils of an endemic species Cinnamomum perrottetii from Western Ghats, India
Creators: name: Venkatraman Sriramavaratharajan
name: Veerappan Sudha
name: Ramar Murugan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Essential oils from the leaf of Cinnamomum perrottetii Meissn. collected from three distinct populations in the southern Western Ghats, India were analysed by GC–FID and GC–MS. A total of 56 volatile constituents representing 92.2–96.3% of the oils were identified. Variations in the chemical constituents of the oils were found. Only three major components namely, α-pinene (5.1–6.6%), tau-cadinol (8.7–20.5%) and α-cadinol (7.3–13%) out of 10 were found in all three samples. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the chemical compositions of leaf essential oil of C. perrottetii.
Stakeholder driven climate services for South Africa (STADCLIM-SA): Results of stakeholder surveys for agriculture, disaster risk reduction, energy and human settlements
Creators: name: HR Wallingford
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Climate services
South Africa

description: The objective of this report is to summarise the results of four surveys on climate services in South Africa which were carried out for the following National Framework for Climate Services South Africa (NFCS-SA) sectors:

1. Agriculture and food security2. Disaster risk reduction3. Energy4. Human settlements

These four sectors were chosen for stakeholder surveys because they are the ones with the largest and most easily identifiable users in South Africa. Internet-based surveys were completed across all four sectors. Given the particular size and scope of the agriculture sector in South Africa, and the importance of not overlooking those without internet access, surveys were also carried out with farmers over the phone.
Top ten discoveries of the year: Neurodegeneration
Creators: name: Crary, John Fonda
Publisher: name: Free Neuropathology
Year: 2020

description: As we embark on a new year of scientific inquiry in neurodegenerative disease research, it is helpful to take a look back and consider the contributions in the field with the potential to be the most impactful. The purpose of this review is to highlight recent advances in 2019 which have the potential to be transformative in the field of neurodegenerative neuropathology. Substantive scientific progress rarely occurs as a “eureka moment”, and when possible, we opted to highlight collaborative efforts and research trends. We also included groundbreaking methodologies and tools. The generous increases in federal funding in the United States and elsewhere have massively expanded the total number of active programs researching Alzheimer’s disease. This exacerbates an imbalance, and an effort was made to highlight innovations across disease categories, and not to permit dementia to crowd out movement disorders, motor neuron disease, ataxias, etc. Thus, our overall goal was to highlight some of the most important discoveries, tools or methods that we feel will most likely directly enhance our ability to understand and diagnose neurodegenerative brain diseases. Given space limitations and the targeted readership of this journal, we selected ten topics most relevant to neuropathologists and clinical neuroscientists: 1. A new neurodegenerative disease category, 2. A new approach to probing gene expression on the single cell level, 3. A new approach merging histology and gene expression profiling, 4. A new computational approach using deep machine learning and computer vision, 5. A neuropathological substrate for sleep disturbance in Alzheimer’s disease, 6. A candidate pathogenic agent for Alzheimer’s disease, 7. A comprehensive approach to morphometric analysis of cerebellar neurodegeneration, 8. The strongest evidence yet linking neurodegeneration to contact sports, 9. Mounting evidence for gut to central nervous system transmission in Parkinson’s disease, and 10. A spotlight on glia in Huntington’s disease.
description: Free Neuropathology, Bd. 1 (2020)
Much Like Other Americans, Veterans Would Benefit From Improving the Quality of Their Diets
Creators: name: Stewart, Hayden
name: Dong, Diansheng
name: Stewart, Hayden
name: Dong, Diansheng
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: veterans
subject: diet quality
subject: calories
subject: added sugars
subject: solid fats

description: A recent ERS study found that veterans’ slightly lower diet quality is primarily due to them consuming a higher share of calories from added sugars and solid fats than demographically similar nonveterans.
Inverse characterization of composites using guided waves and convolutional neural networks with dual-branch feature fusion
Creators: name: Rautela, Mahindra
name: Huber, Armin
name: Senthilnath, J.
name: Gopalakrishnan, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this work, ultrasonic guided waves and a dual-branch version of convolutional neural networks are used to solve two different but related inverse problems, i.e., finding layup sequence type and identifying material properties. In the forward problem, polar group velocity representations are obtained for two fundamental Lamb wave modes using the stiffness matrix method. For the inverse problems, a supervised classification-based network is implemented to classify the polar representations into different layup sequence types (inverse problem - 1) and a regression-based network is utilized to identify the material properties (inverse problem - 2)
Some Optimization Solutions for Relief Distribution
Creators: name: Clemente, Jhoirene
name: Suarez, Jessie James
name: Demetria, Olivia
name: Go, Perry
name: Salcedo, Dylan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: J.7

description: Humanitarian logistics remain a challenging area of application for operations research. In relief distribution, the main goal is to deliver all the supplies to those that are in need in the fastest way possible. In this paper, we present different optimization solutions for relief distribution. We present a formalization of the three main problems in the humanitarian logistics aspect of relief distribution. We identify the optimal location of the distribution centers. We match the number of supplies to the number of demands for each distribution center based on the distribution of demands. We provide the assignment of tasks to delivery fleet according to the location and the road network of the region. For each delivery truck, we provide an optimal sequence of visits to pre-assigned distribution centers.
Characterization of the leaf essential oils of an endemic species Cinnamomum perrottetii from Western Ghats, India
Creators: name: Venkatraman Sriramavaratharajan
name: Veerappan Sudha
name: Ramar Murugan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Essential oils from the leaf of Cinnamomum perrottetii Meissn. collected from three distinct populations in the southern Western Ghats, India were analysed by GC–FID and GC–MS. A total of 56 volatile constituents representing 92.2–96.3% of the oils were identified. Variations in the chemical constituents of the oils were found. Only three major components namely, α-pinene (5.1–6.6%), tau-cadinol (8.7–20.5%) and α-cadinol (7.3–13%) out of 10 were found in all three samples. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the chemical compositions of leaf essential oil of C. perrottetii.
Stakeholder driven climate services for South Africa (STADCLIM-SA): Review of climate services in South Africa
Creators: name: HR Wallingford
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: climate services
South Africa

description: The report summarises the climate services already developed in South Africa together with their providers. In addition, the report outlines, where possible, a summary of how these services have been co-produced with the relevant stakeholders, including an assessment of the level of co-production that was involved, their use (where this can be determined), as well as any ethical issues which may have arisen, for example concerning accessibility and use of the products. It also provides a brief summary of the existing user needs for climate services in South Africa. 

This work has been carried out under the Work Package 4 of Weather and Climate Science for Service Partnership Programme (WCSSP) for South Africa which focuses on the development of prototype climate services. The objective of the WCSSP for South Africa is to promote and strengthen scientific partnerships and collaboration between the UK and South Africa in the area of weather and climate science and services.
Testing odorants recovery from a novel metallized fluorinated ethylene propylene gas sampling bag
Creators: name: Zhu, Wenda
name: Koziel, Jacek A.
name: Lingshuang Cai
name: Wright, Donald
name: Kuhrt, Fred
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Engineering
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: Industry-standard Tedlar bags for odor sample collection from confined animal feeding operations (CAFOs) have been challenged by the evidence of volatile organic compound (VOC) losses and background interferences. Novel impermeable aluminum foil with a thin layer of fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) film on the surface that is in contact with a gas sample was developed to address this challenge. In this research, Tedlar and metallized FEP bags were compared for (a) recoveries of four characteristic CAFO odorous VOCs (ethyl mercaptan, butyric acid, isovaleric acid and p-cresol) after 30 min and 24 hr sample storage time and for (b) chemical background interferences. All air sampling and analyses were performed with solid-phase microextraction (SPME) followed by gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Mean target gas sample recoveries from metallized FEP bags were 25.9% and 28.0% higher than those in Tedlar bags, for 30 min and 24 hr, respectively. Metallized FEP bags demonstrated the highest p-cresol recoveries after 30-min and 24-hr storage, 96.1 ± 44.5% and 44.8 ± 10.2%, respectively, among different types of sampling bags reported in previous studies. However, a higher variability was observed for p-cresol recovery with metallized FEP bags. A 0% recovery of ethyl mercaptan was observed with Tedlar bags after 24-hr storage, whereas an 85.7 ± 7.4% recovery was achieved with metallized FEP bags. Recoveries of butyric and isovaleric acids were similar for both bag types. Two major impurities in Tedlar bags’ background were identified as N,N-dimethylacetamide and phenol, while backgrounds of metallized FEP bags were significantly cleaner. Reusability of metallized FEP bags was tested.Implications: Caution is advised when using polymeric materials for storage of livestock-relevant odorous volatile organic compounds. The odorants loss with storage time confirmed that long-term storage in whole-air form is ill advised. A focused short-term odor sample containment should be biased toward the most inert material available relative to the highest impact target odorant. Metallized FEP was identified as such a material to p-cresol as the highest impact odorant from confined animal feeding operations. Metallized FEP bags have much cleaner background than commercial Tedlar bags do. Significantly higher recoveries of methyl mercaptan and p-cresol were also observed with metallized FEP bags.
Optical and thermal characteristics of carbonaceous aerosols measured at an urban site in Gwangju, Korea in the winter of 2011
Creators: name: KwangYul Lee
name: Kim, Young J.
name: Kihong Park
name: Tsatsral Batmunkh
name: Bae, Min-Suk
name: Maskey, Shila
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Physiology
subject: Physics
subject: Engineering
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: Carbonaceous components (organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC)) and optical properties (light absorption and scattering) of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) were simultaneously measured at an urban site in Gwangju, Korea during the winter of 2011. OC was further classified into OC1, OC2, OC3, and OC4, based on a temperature protocol using a Sunset OC/EC analyzer. The average OC and EC concentrations were 5.0±2.5 and 1.7±0.9 μgC m−3, respectively. The average single scattering albedo (SSA) at a wavelength of 550 nm was 0.58±0.11, suggesting that the aerosols observed in the winter of 2011 had a local warming effect in this area. During the whole sampling period, “stagnant PM” and “long-range transport PM” events were identified. The light absorption coefficient (babs) was higher during the stagnant PM event than during the long-range transport PM event due to the existence of abundant light-absorbing OC during the stagnant PM event. In particular, the OC2 and OC3 concentrations were higher during the stagnant PM event than those during the long-range transport event, suggesting that OC2 and OC3 might be more related to the light-absorbing OC. The light scattering coefficient (bscat) was similar between the events. On average, the mass absorption efficiency attributed to EC (σEC) was 9.6 m2 g−1, whereas the efficiency attributed to OC (σOC) was 1.8 m2 g−1 at λ=550 nm. Furthermore, the σEC is comparable among the PM event days, but the σOC for the stagnant PM event was significantly higher than that for the long-range transport PM event (1.7 vs. 0.5). Implications: Optical and thermal properties of carbonaceous aerosol were measured at Gwangju, and carbonaceous aerosol concentration and optical property varied between “Stagnant PM” and “long-range transport PM” events. More abundant light absorbing OC was observed during the stagnant PM event.
Spectral Theorem approach to the Characteristic Function of Quantum Observables II
Creators: name: Boukas, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the resolvent of the anti-commutator operator $XP+PX$ and of the quantum harmonic oscillator Hamiltonian operator $\frac{1}{2}(X^2+P^2)$. Using Stone's formula for finding the spectral resolution of an, either bounded or unbounded, self-adjoint operator on a Hilbert space, we also compute their Vacuum Characteristic Function (Quantum Fourier Transform). We also show how Stone's formula is applied to the computation of the Vacuum Characteristic Function of finite dimensional quantum observables. The method is proposed as an analytical alternative to the algebraic (or Heisenberg) approach relying on the associated Lie algebra commutation relations.