cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Reliability and validity of a novel Kinect-based software program for measuring a single leg squat
Creators: name: Ressman, John
name: Rasmussen-Barr, Eva
name: Grooten, Wilhelmus Johannes Andreas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1. Biomechanical report of Qinematic™. Contains a description of the different variables for the movement screening tests in Qinematic™.
POZYCJA POLSKI W ŚWIATOWEJ PRODUKCJI MALIN W LATACH 2003-2012
Creators: name: Ciebień, Marcin
name: Rachoń, Leszek
name: Krawiec, Paweł
name: Ciebień, Marcin
name: Rachoń, Leszek
name: Krawiec, Paweł
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: raspberry
subject: production
subject: cultivated area

description: The objective of study was to determine changes in Poland’s position in the global production of raspberries and determining the changes in the harvest and raspberry acreage in the years 2003-2012. The study determined the volume of production (in thous. tons) and acreage (in thous. ha) for the global, European and Polish raspberries. In addition, five countries were selected to grow raspberries leading in the above study period. The analysis showed that the Polish gradually strengthening its position as the biggest producer of raspberries in Europe and second in the world. In 2012, the Polish participation in the European and world production of raspberries was respectively 28% and 21.2%. Raspberry acreage increased from 13.3 thousand. ha to 28.4 thousand. ha while increasing production of 42.9 thousand. tons to 127.1 thousand. tons
VAT in the operation of farms in 2010-2013
Creators: name: Nachtman, Grażyna
name: Cholewa, Izabela
name: Nachtman, Grażyna
name: Cholewa, Izabela
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Political Economy
subject: Public Economics
subject: VAT in agriculture
subject: flat-rate farmer
subject: VAT under general principles
subject: VAT balance

description: Agricultural activity in Poland, just like business activity, is covered by VAT scheme. In agriculture it is permissible to settle VAT under general principles or as flat-rate. Settlement of VAT under general principles is voluntary, except for farmers keeping account books. From the subject literature it follows, however, that increasingly more often farmers choose the status of an active VAT payer; such trend was also observed among Polish FADN farms. The paper analyses the results of VAT settlement under general principles at farms forming a panel in 2010-2013, grouped according to economic size. Regardless of the economic size class, in each group the average VAT balance always showed a negative value, which meant refund of overpaid VAT to the farm. The VAT amount to be refunded was considerably increased by the VAT output, included in investment purchases. It can be assumed that investments were the main stimuli to resign from the status of flat-rate farmer. The amount of refunded VAT for farmers – active VAT payers, is not a component of family farm income (FFI), just like in the case of other taxpayers. It is a separate value, undoubtedly generating monetary income of a farmer, which over the four years in the researched farms constituted a huge support for them. A cut on investments and better effects of farming can result in reversal of the VAT settlement effect to the advantage of the Tax Office. Then a farmer can return to the flat-rate status, but one of the conditions of leaving the VAT scheme is the necessity to adjust the deducted VAT, which may not be favourable for the farmer.
Alleviating the Inconsistency Problem of Applying Graph Neural Network to Fraud Detection
Creators: name: Liu, Zhiwei
name: Dou, Yingtong
name: Yu, Philip S.
name: Deng, Yutong
name: Peng, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The graph-based model can help to detect suspicious fraud online. Owing to the development of Graph Neural Networks~(GNNs), prior research work has proposed many GNN-based fraud detection frameworks based on either homogeneous graphs or heterogeneous graphs. These work follow the existing GNN framework by aggregating the neighboring information to learn the node embedding, which lays on the assumption that the neighbors share similar context, features, and relations. However, the inconsistency problem is hardly investigated, i.e., the context inconsistency, feature inconsistency, and relation inconsistency. In this paper, we introduce these inconsistencies and design a new GNN framework, $\mathsf{GraphConsis}$, to tackle the inconsistency problem: (1) for the context inconsistency, we propose to combine the context embeddings with node features, (2) for the feature inconsistency, we design a consistency score to filter the inconsistent neighbors and generate corresponding sampling probability, and (3) for the relation inconsistency, we learn a relation attention weights associated with the sampled nodes. Empirical analysis on four datasets indicates the inconsistency problem is crucial in a fraud detection task. The extensive experiments prove the effectiveness of $\mathsf{GraphConsis}$. We also released a GNN-based fraud detection toolbox with implementations of SOTA models. The code is available at https://github.com/safe-graph/DGFraud.
description: Accepted by SIGIR'20. We also released a GNN-based fraud detection toolbox with implementations of SOTA models. The code is available at https://github.com/safe-graph/DGFraud
Unit costs of and income from selected products in 2014 - research results in the AGROKOSZTY system
Creators: name: Skarżyńska, Aldona
name: Jabłoński, Konrad
name: Skarżyńska, Aldona
name: Jabłoński, Konrad
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Financial Economics
subject: unit costs
subject: sugar beets
subject: cow milk
subject: live cattle
subject: production scale
subject: production profitability

description: The main aim of the paper is analysis of production and economic results of sugar beets, cow milk and live cattle in 2014 for farms having different production scale of these products. Research was held at commercial farms, which have greater development opportunities. The results of the researched products were affected by the production potential of farms, i.e. resources of land, labour and capital, their quality and manner of use, but they were also dependent on the external conditions of operation, e.g. weather or market conditions. This impact resulted in different level of changes in production volume, unit costs and implementation prices of respective products. A consequence of differences in selected production scale sections, production and price results and incurred costs was differentiation of profitability of production, understood as a difference between the production value and costs corresponding thereto and as a quotient of production value and costs in percentages. The research showed that benefits following from a growth in production scale are clear. Greater production volume allows for generation of higher income and due to a higher level of specialisation and mechanisation of conducted works it is connected with much lower labour inputs. This results in higher labour productivity. Thus, one might expect coverage of alternative costs of land and capital.
Calibration Observations of Fomalhaut with the VLTI
Creators: name: Davis, J.
name: Richichi, A.
name: Ballester, P.
name: Gitton, Ph.
name: Glindemann, A.
name: Morel, S.
name: Schoeller, M.
name: Wittkowski, M.
name: Paresce, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An investigation of the stability of the transfer function of the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope Interferometer has been carried out through observations of Fomalhaut over a wide range in hour angle. No significant variation in the transfer function was found for the zenith angle range 5-70 degrees. The projected baseline varied between 139.7 m and 49.8 m during the observations and, as an integral part of the determination of the transfer function, a new accurate limb-darkened angular diameter for Fomalhaut has been established. This has led to improved values for the emergent flux, effective temperature, radius and luminosity.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, uses an.cls, accepted for publication in Astron. Nacht
Studie über die Erzeugungs- und Vermarktungsstruktur des Bienenzuchtsektors in Deutschland
Creators: name: Efken, Josef
name: Bernhardt, Angelina
name: Efken, Josef
name: Bernhardt, Angelina
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: honey
subject: honey market
subject: bee keeping
subject: apiary
subject: apiculture
subject: bees
subject: marketing/////////////Honig
subject: Honigmarkt
subject: Imkerei
subject: Bienen
subject: Vermarktung

description: Zusammenfassung Die Studie hat zum Ziel, einen Überblick über den deutschen Markt für Honig zu geben. Es werden die Imkereistruktur und die Beziehungen zwischen den Marktpartnern dargestellt. Daneben werden die Versorgungsbilanz sowie die Nachfrage betrachtet, bei der Deutschland als einer der größten Konsumenten auch weltweit eine entscheidende Rolle spielt. Zu unterscheiden sind hierbei Honige, die via Direktvermarktung vom Imker vertrieben werden, und Honige aus dem Einzelhandel. Diese Segmente existieren in Deutschland parallel zueinander und ergänzen sich teilweise. Aufgrund dieser Marktsegmentierung bestehen unterschiedliche Preisstrukturen und -elastizitäten. Die Imkereistruktur zeichnet sich in Deutschland durch 95 Prozent Hobbyimker, mit einer begrenzten Anzahl an Bienenvölkern pro Imker und einer geringen Produktion aus. Die Basis der Studie bilden Experteninterviews sowie die Informationen, die im Rahmen der Imkereiprogramme der Bundesländer erhoben wurden.//////////Abstract The study shows the structure and the context of the honey market, as well as the beekeeping structure in Germany with the purpose of composing a basic understanding. In this connection it analyses the supply balance as well as the demand. In both, Germany as one of the world biggest consumers plays an important role. This study differentiates between two existing complementary marketing channels - honey which is directly sold from a beekeeper to the consumer and honey distributed via retail stores. This market segmentation leads to different price structures and price elasticities. The production structure of the apiary in Germany is characterized by 95 percent hobby-beekeepers, limited numbers of bee colonies and a small production volume. The study is based on interviews with experts and on the information collected for the beekeeping programs of the Federal Länder
Capillary rise and evaporation of a liquid in a corner between a plane and a cylinder: A model of imbibition into a nanofiber mat coating
Creators: name: Ghillani, Noemi
name: Heinz, Michael
name: Gambaryan-Roisman, Tatiana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wetting of surfaces with porous coating is relevant for a wide variety of technical applications, such as printing technologies and heat transfer enhancement. Imbibition and evaporation of liquids on surfaces covered with porous layers are responsible for significant improvement of cooling efficiency during drop impact cooling and flow boiling on such surfaces. Up to now, no reliable model exists which is able to predict the kinetics of imbibition coupled with evaporation on surfaces with porous coatings. In this work we consider one of possible mechanisms of imbibition on a substrate covered by a nanofiber mat. This is the capillary pressure-driven flow in a corner formed between a flat substrate and a fiber attached to it. The shape and the area of the cross-section occupied by the liquid as well as the capillary pressure change along the flow direction. A theoretical/numerical model of simultaneous imbibition and evaporation is developed, in which viscosity, surface tension and evaporation are taken into account. At the beginning of the process the imbibition length is proportional to the square root of time, in agreement with the Lucas-Washburn law. As the influence of evaporation becomes significant, the imbibition rate decreases. The model predictions are compared with experimental data for imbibition of water-ethanol mixtures into nanofiber mat coatings.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures Submitted to The European Physical Journal Special Topics, special issue devoted to the Workshop "Challenges in Nanoscale Physics of Wetting Phenomena" which took place in August 2019 in Dresden, Germany
Splitting frequency of the (2+1)-dimensional Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau oscillator in an external magnetic field
Creators: name: Gomez, Ignacio S.
name: Santos, Esdras S.
name: Abla, Olavo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the (2+1)-dimensional DKP oscillator in an external magnetic field by means of 4x4 and 6x6 representations of the DKP field, thus obtaining several cases studied in the literature. We found an splitting in the frequency of the DKP oscillator according to the spin projection that arises as an interplay between the oscillator, the external field and the spin, from which the energies and the eigenfunctions are expressed in a unified way. For certain critical values of the magnetic field the oscillation in the components of spin projections -1 and 1 is cancelled. We study the thermodynamics of the canonical ensemble of the vectorial sector, where a phase transition is reported when the cancellation of the oscillation occurs. Thermodynamic potentials converge rapidly to their asymptotical expressions in the high temperature limit with the partition function symmetric under the reversion of the magnetic field.
Gesellschaftlicher Wandel, veränderte Ernährungsgewohnheiten und gesundheitliche Folgen in Russland
Creators: name: Burggraf, Christine
name: Glauben, Thomas
name: Burggraf, Christine
name: Glauben, Thomas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Health Economics and Policy

description: Die von der Weltgesundheitsorganisation ausgerufene Übergewichtskrise mit all ihren gesundheitlichen Konsequenzen hat spätestens seit Anfang des Jahrtausends auch in der Russischen Föderation Einzug gehalten. Dies gewinnt im Besonderen vor dem Hintergrund der aktuell in Russland diskutierten "Steuer auf ungesunde Lebensmittel" an Bedeutung und ist eine Folge veränderter Lebens- und Ernährungsgewohnheiten. Mit zunehmendem ökonomischen Wachstum und privaten Einkommen stieg in Russland der Konsum von fettreichen tierischen Produkten an. Die Gesundheit vieler Bürgerinnen und Bürger ist durch ein erhöhtes Risiko für Adipositas und ernährungsmitbedingte chronische Erkrankungen belastet. Gleichzeitig verbesserte sich die gesundheitsbezogene Ernährungsweise im Hinblick auf die Zufuhr diverser Vitamine und Mineralstoffe. Diese beiden gegenläufigen Entwicklungen sind typischerweise auch in anderen Industrie- und Schwellenländern vorzufinden, wenngleich in der Föderation in teilweise ausgeprägterer Form. Neben traditionell eher hohen Präferenzen der russischen Gesellschaft für fettreiche tierische Produkte mag dies, ähnlich wie in vielen anderen Ländern, auf unzureichende Ernährungsinformationen zurückzuführen sein. Entsprechend würden hier gezieltere Informationskampagnen sowie klare Produktkennzeichnungen den Weg für eine gesündere Ernährung ebnen.
Classical Soft Theorem in the AdS-Schwarzschild spacetime in small cosmological constant limit
Creators: name: Banerjee, Nabamita
name: Bhattacharjee, Arindam
name: Mitra, Arpita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied scattering of a probe particle by a four dimensional AdS-Schwarzschild black hole at large impact factor. Our analysis is consistent perturbatively to leading order in the AdS radius and black hole mass parameter. Next we define a proper "soft limit" of the radiation and extract out the "soft factor" from it. We find the correction to the well known flat space Classical Soft graviton theorem due to the presence of an AdS background.
description: 35 pages, 1 figure, 2 new references added, minor changes incorporated
Economic transformation, altered nutritional habits and health implications in Russia
Creators: name: Burggraf, Christine
name: Glauben, Thomas
name: Burggraf, Christine
name: Glauben, Thomas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Health Economics and Policy

description: The obesity crisis proclaimed by the World Health Organization, along with all its health consequences, started in the Russian Federation at the beginning of the millennium. This fact is gaining increasing significance against the background of the "tax on unhealthy foods" that is currently being discussed in Russia and is the result of changing lifestyle and nutritional habits. Rising economic growth and private incomes in Russia have brought about an increase in the consumption of high-fat animal products, and the health of many citizens is jeopardized by an increased risk of adiposity and diet-related chronic diseases. At the same time, health-related diets have improved in terms of vitamin and mineral intake. These two opposing developments are typically also found in other industrial and emerging economies, though in a more distinctive form in the Russian Federation. The underlying reasons appear to be traditionally rather high preferences for high-fat animal products in Russian society, but also, similar to many other countries, inadequate nutrition information. Hence, better-targeted information campaigns and clear product labelling could pave the way to healthier eating.
Ab initio electronic structure and prospects for the formation of ultracold calcium--alkali-metal-atom molecular ions
Creators: name: Zrafi, Wissem
name: Ladjimi, Hela
name: Said, Halima
name: Berriche, Hamid
name: Tomza, Michał
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experiments with cold ion-atom mixtures have recently opened the way for the production and application of ultracold molecular ions. Here, in a comparative study, we theoretically investigate ground and several excited electronic states and prospects for the formation of molecular ions composed of a calcium ion and an alkali-metal atom: CaAlk$^{+}$ (Alk=Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs). We use a quantum chemistry approach based on non-empirical pseudopotential, operatorial core-valence correlation, large Gaussian basis sets, and full configuration interaction method for valence electrons. Adiabatic potential energy curves, spectroscopic constants, and transition and permanent electric dipole moments are determined and analyzed for the ground and excited electronic states. We examine the prospects for ion-neutral reactive processes and the production of molecular ions via spontaneous radiative association and laser-induced photoassociation. After that, spontaneous and stimulated blackbody radiation transition rates are calculated and used to obtain radiative lifetimes of vibrational states of the ground and first-excited electronic states. The present results pave the way for the formation and spectroscopy of calcium--alkali-metal-atom molecular ions in modern experiments with cold ion-atom mixtures.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures, 8 tables
Nutritional and neuroendocrine control of appetite in transgenic coho salmon
Creators: name: Raven, Peter Andrew
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The increased feeding motivation and enhanced growth found in growth hormone (GH) transgenic coho salmon, Oncorhynchus kisutch, raises questions regarding the hormonal changes regulating growth and feed intake. These fish exhibit increased circulating GH and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and GH mRNA expression resulting from the GH transgene, but the role of the other hormones in the GH-axis and appetite control are unknown. Transgenic and non-transgenic coho salmon pre-smolts were fed diets with 15, 17, 19 and 21 MJ of digestible energy/kg for 84 days and they were analyzed for growth, feed intake and protein utilization. Gene mRNA expression of the major regulators in the GH-axis: growth hormone, growth hormone receptor (GHR), insulin-like growth factor I, growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) and somatostatin (SS) as well as the appetite hormone, cholecystokinin (CCK), were analyzed with quantitative PCR in the brain of fish from this experiment and in six brain regions (telencephalon, hypothalamus, pituitary, optic tectum, midbrain, cerebellum) and muscle and liver of size-matched (55g) full-ration transgenic, restricted-ration transgenic (pair-fed to nontransgenic fish) and full-ration non-transgenic fish. Transgenic fish had greater feed intake and growth which were respectively negatively and positively correlated with the digestible energy content of the diet. Protein use was more efficient in transgenic fish when fed the 15 and 17 MJ/kg diets only and diet had no effect on gene expression. Plasma IGF-I was greater in transgenic fish but did not correlate with weight as in the non-transgenic coho salmon. In the size-matched study, GH expression was highest in transgenic fish, except in the pituitary where there were no differences. GHR expression generally followed that of GH but was tissue specific. Transgenic fish has higher IGF-I expression but hepatic IGF-I levels in ration-restricted transgenic fish were reduced to that of non-transgenic fish. GHRH, SS or CCK expression did not differ between groups. It is concluded that transgenic fish, with enhanced growth, feed intake and protein utilization, ingested feed to meet a caloric demand that was possibly set by increased GH, GHR and IGF-I whereas the other GH regulating hormones and the CCK satiety signal showed little change.
title: Anwendung von Suffosions- und Erosionskriterien im Dammbau
Creators: name: Piskernik, Melanie
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Dammbau

description: Bei einigen Staudämmen hat sich in der Vergangenheit gezeigt, dass eine Abdichtung des Untergrunds bei schwierigen geologischen Verhältnissen, wie zum Beispiel eine Abdichtung des Untergrunds bis auf das Niveau des anstehenden Felsens oder einer ausreichend dichten Schicht im Untergrund, unwirtschaftlich oder technisch nicht machbar ist. In diesem Fall ist mit einer Unterströmung des Damms zu rechnen. Tritt eine Unterströmung auf, sind die geologischen und geotechnischen Verhältnisse des Untergrunds für die Sicherheit der Stauanlage entscheidend. Hier sind besonders die Suffosions- und Erosionsstabilität des Untergrunds zu berücksichtigen, um einen durch die Strömung verursachten Materialaustrag zu verhindern bzw. zu minimieren. Um Aussagen über die Sensibilität des Untergrunds treffen zu können, müssen die Strömungsverhältnisse, die geohydraulischen Kennwerte sowie die strukturgeologischen Bedingungen bekannt sein. Im Rahmen dieser Diplomarbeit werden die theoretischen Grundlagen der Suffosion und Erosion dargestellt und an einem konkreten Beispiel, dem Damm Eberlaste, angewandt. Dafür wird ein ebenes numerisches Modell zur Berechnung der Strömungsverhältnisse im Damm und im Untergrund entworfen. Die Kalibrierung des Modells erfolgt anhand von Messdaten des bestehenden Damms, wobei die Messdaten auch räumliche Verhältnisse berücksichtigen, die in das ebene numerische Modell nicht einfließen. Daher sind die Ergebnisse nicht direkt auf den Damm Eberlaste übertragbar. Darauf aufbauend werden die in der Literatur vorhandenen Suffosions- und Erosionskriterien am Beispiel eines repräsentativen Querschnitts angewandt. Die Einflussfaktoren auf die Verfahren sowie deren Grenzen werden aufgezeigt.
description: In the past it has been found that sealings of the subsoil below dams are not always possible. In case of difficult or complex geological conditions, flow around the dam cannot be excluded. If there is flow around the dam sealing, the geological conditions of the subsoil are important for the safety of the dam construction. In particular, the stability against internal erosion needs to be considered. It is necessary to prevent or minimize the material discharge caused by the groundwater flow. In order to estimate the sensitivity of the subsoil, the flow conditions, the geohydraulic parameters, and the geological conditions must be known. In this thesis, the basics of internal erosion are introduced. A numeric model to calculate the groundwater flow for a specific example is designed. To calibrate the two-dimensional numeric model messured values of the existing dam and subsoil are used. The third dimension is not considered in the numeric model, therefore, the results are not directly comparable with the dam from which the data has been taken. In further consequence, internal erosion criteria will be applied to the representative cross section of the present example. The infuencing factors and the limits of the criteria are shown.
Circadian and circannual rhythms in metabolism and ventilation in red-eared sliders (Pseudemys scripta)
Creators: name: Reyes, Catalina
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Temperate reptiles are subjected to drastic daily and seasonal changes in their environment that strongly affect their metabolism. Therefore, reptiles inhabiting in northern latitudes require adaptations that allow them to survive extreme environmental changes. Endogenous biological rhythms such as circadian and circannual cycles are advantageous in allowing organisms to anticipate and prepare for periodic environmental changes. However, to be fully functional these rhythms must be entrained to changing environmental cues. I asked whether redeared sliders showed circadian and circannual rhythms in metabolism and ventilation, and whether daily oscillations varied across the seasons. Turtles were chronically exposed to either natural seasonal or constant indoor conditions. In addition, turtles were acutely placed under either seasonal or indoor conditions in order to determine the role of temperature and photoperiod in entraining the circadian and circannual rhythms. Daily cycles in metabolism and breathing pattern were measured over one year. I found evidence of endogenous circadian and circannual rhythms in metabolism and ventilation. Both thermocycles and photocycles were important zeitgebers and long-term exposure to these changing environmental cues was required for the rhythms to be expressed. Furthermore, I observed daily and seasonal changes in breathing pattern such that apneas were longer at night and in the winter. These results indicate that endogenous circadian and circannual rhythms entrained by seasonal changes in temperature and photoperiod prompt physiological adjustments in metabolism, ventilation and breathing pattern. These changes may reflect adaptations that prolong dive times and reduce surface intervals at night and in winter. This could serve to reduce the cost of transport, and risk of predation.
Scalable quantum computation with fast gates in two-dimensional microtrap arrays of trapped ions
Creators: name: Mehdi, Zain
name: Ratcliffe, Alexander K.
name: Hope, Joseph J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate the use of fast pulsed two-qubit gates for trapped ion quantum computing in a two-dimensional microtrap architecture. In one dimension, such fast gates are optimal when employed between nearest neighbours, and we examine the generalisation to a two-dimensional geometry. We demonstrate that fast pulsed gates are capable of implementing high-fidelity entangling operations between ions in neighbouring traps faster than the trapping period, with experimentally demonstrated laser repetition rates. Notably, we find that without increasing the gate duration, high-fidelity gates are achievable even in large arrays with hundreds of ions. To demonstrate the usefulness of this proposal, we investigate the application of these gates to the digital simulation of a 40-mode Fermi-Hubbard model. This also demonstrates why shorter chains of gates required to connect arbitrary pairs of ions makes this geometry well suited for large-scale computation.
Additional file 1 of Assessment of databases to determine the validity of β- and γ-carbonic anhydrase sequences from vertebrates
Creators: name: Emameh, Reza Zolfaghari
name: Kuuslahti, Marianne
name: Nosrati, Hassan
name: Lohi, Hannes
name: Parkkila, Seppo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary file 1
Some singular spacetimes and their possible alternatives
Creators: name: DeBenedictis, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is a brief review article of a seminar given at the International Conference on Gravitation, Astrophysics and Cosmology 2024 (ICGAC-2024), Mathura, India. We begin with a historical survey of some singular solutions in the theory of gravitation, as well as a very brief discussion of how black holes could physically form. Some possible scenarios which could perhaps eliminate these singularities are then reviewed and discussed. Due to the vastness of the field the coverage is not exhaustive, but instead the concentration is on a small subset of topics such as possible quantum gravity effects, non-commutative geometry, and gravastars. A simple singularity theorem is also presented in the appendix. Although parts of the manuscript assume some familiarity with relativistic gravitation or differential geometry, the aim is for the broad picture to be accessible to non-specialists of other physical sciences and mathematics.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures. Review article of a seminar given at the International Conference on Gravitation, Astrophysics and Cosmology 2024 (ICGAC-2024)
Electric Current Neutralization in Solar Active Regions and Its Relation to Eruptive Activity
Creators: name: Avallone, Ellis A.
name: Sun, Xudong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well established that magnetic free energy associated with electric currents powers solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) from solar active regions (ARs). However, the conditions that determine whether an AR will produce an eruption are not well understood. Previous work suggests that the degree to which the driving electric currents, or the sum of all currents within a single magnetic polarity, are neutralized may serve as a good proxy for assessing the ability of ARs to produce eruptions. Here, we investigate the relationship between current neutralization and flare/CME production using a sample of 15 flare-active and 15 flare-quiet ARs. All flare-quiet and 4 flare-active ARs are also CME-quiet. We additionally test the relation of current neutralization to the degree of shear along polarity inversion lines (PILs) in an AR. We find that flare-productive ARs are more likely to exhibit non-neutralized currents, specifically those that also produce a CME. We find that flare/CME-active ARs also exhibit higher degrees of PIL shear than flare/CME-quiet ARs. We additionally observe that currents become more neutralized during magnetic flux emergence in flare-quiet ARs. Our investigation suggests that current neutralization in ARs is indicative of their eruptive potential.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal, A video description can be seen here https://youtu.be/kdwzOElqmqc
Additional file 1 of Narcissistic traits in young people: understanding the role of parenting and maltreatment
Creators: name: Schie, Charlotte C. Van
name: Jarman, Heidi L.
name: Huxley, Elizabeth
name: Brin F. S. Grenyer
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplemental information
Thermopower of a Kondo-correlated quantum dot
Creators: name: Scheibner, R.
name: Buhmann, H.
name: Reuter, D.
name: Kiselev, M. N.
name: Molenkamp, L. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermopower of a Kondo-correlated gate-defined quantum dot is studied using a current heating technique. In the presence of spin correlations the thermopower shows a clear deviation from the semiclassical Mott relation between thermopower and conductivity. The strong thermopower signal indicates a significant asymmetry in the spectral density of states of the Kondo resonance with respect to the Fermi energies of the reservoirs. The observed behavior can be explained within the framework of an Anderson-impurity model. Keywords: Thermoelectric and thermomagnetic effects, Coulomb blockade, single electron tunneling, Kondo-effect PACS Numbers: 72.20.Pa, 73.23.Hk
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, revised version, changed figures
УГОЛОВНАЯ ОТВЕТСТВЕННОСТЬ ЛИЦ С ПСИХИЧЕСКИМ РАССТРОЙСТВОМ, НЕ ИСКЛЮЧАЮЩИМ ВМЕНЯЕМОСТИ
Creators: name: Кодиркулов, Ахмаджон
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Данная статья посвящена актуальной проблеме уголовного права - ответственности лиц с психическим расстройством, не исключающим вменяемости. В работе рассматриваются теоретические и практические аспекты определения степени вменяемости и ее влияния на назначение наказания. Автор анализирует современное законодательство и судебную практику, выявляя существующие проблемы в квалификации преступлений, совершенных лицами с психическими отклонениями. Исследование основано на обширном эмпирическом материале, включающем анализ судебных решений, статистических данных и экспертных заключений. Результаты работы могут быть использованы как в теоретических исследованиях, так и в практической деятельности судебных и правоохранительных органов.
Hydrodynamic memory can boost enormously driven nonlinear diffusion and transport
Creators: name: Goychuk, Igor
name: Pöschel, Thorsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hydrodynamic memory force or Basset force is known since the 19th-century. Its influence on Brownian motion remains, however, mostly unexplored. Here, we investigate its role in nonlinear transport and diffusion within a paradigmatic model of tilted washboard potential. In this model, a giant enhancement of driven diffusion over its potential-free limit presents a well-established paradoxical phenomenon. In the overdamped limit, it occurs at a critical tilt of vanishing potential barriers. However, for weak damping, it takes place surprisingly at another critical tilt, where the potential barriers are clearly expressed. Recently we showed that Basset force could make such a diffusion enhancement enormously large. In this paper, we discover that even for moderately strong damping, where the overdamped theory works very well when the memory effects are negligible, substantial hydrodynamic memory unexpectedly makes a strong impact. First, the diffusion boost occurs at non-vanishing potential barriers and can be orders of magnitude larger. Second, transient anomalous diffusion regimes emerge over many time decades and potential periods. Third, particles' mobility can also be dramatically enhanced, and a long transient super-transport regime emerges.
description: Phys. Rev. E, in press
Vorteile einer modifizierten Ampelkennzeichnung für Lebensmittel
Creators: name: Burggraf, Christine
name: Volkhardt, Ina
name: Meier, Toni
name: Burggraf, Christine
name: Volkhardt, Ina
name: Meier, Toni
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Health Economics and Policy

description: Mit der globalen Übergewichtskrise steigt weltweit auch die Prävalenz von Herzkreislauferkrankungen, Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 und anderen ernährungsmitbedingten chronischen Erkrankungen. Um dieser Entwicklung entgegenzuwirken, bieten sich für eine nachhaltige Verbesserung des Ernährungsverhaltens zahlreiche Maßnahmen zur Vermittlung ernährungsphysiologischer Verbraucherinformationen an. Die in Deutschland seit Längerem diskutierte Ampelkennzeichnung ist dabei ein mögliches Instrument für eine leicht verständliche Informationsbereitstellung über den Nährwert eines Lebensmittels. In ihrer Ausgestaltung trägt die bisher diskutierte Ampelkennzeichnung jedoch nur dem Aspekt der zu reduzierenden Zufuhr von Fett, gesättigten Fettsäuren, Zucker und Salz Rechnung, während der Aspekt der adäquaten Zufuhr von Vitaminen, Mineralstoffen und Ballaststoffen bislang vernachlässigt wird. Eine Ampelkennzeichnung, welche auch diesen Aspekt einer gesunden Ernährungsweise mitberücksichtigt, würde das Informationspotential für eine gesundheitsförderlichere Ernährung deutlich verbessern.
A prime geodesic theorem for higher rank II: singular geodesics
Creators: name: Deitmar, Anton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C22, 58E10, 11F72, 11M36

description: A prime geodesic theorem for singular geodesics in a locally symmetric space is proved. As an application, an asymptotic formula for units in number fields is given.
description: LaTeX, 24 pages
Additional file 1 of Inelastic strain in the hypocentral region of the 2000 Western Tottori earthquake (M 7.3) inferred from aftershock seismic moment tensors
Creators: name: Matsumoto, Satoshi
name: Iio, Yoshihisa
name: Sakai, Shinichi
name: Aitaro Kato
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Geophysics

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Schematic of the apparent change in the P-value. a) Change in the inelastic strain rate for a strain step added to the medium at a lapse time of 1. b) P-value estimated from two points at lapse times of 0.01 and an arbitrary lapse time on the horizontal axis. For example, the P-value is lower than 0.4 estimated from data at lapse times of 0.01 and 1.01. Figure S2. Estimation of the error for the inelastic strain rate, P, and n value for each block. a) Map showing the location of the block. The number adjacent to the circle indicates the block ID number. b) The upper plot shows the standard error in the inelastic strain rate estimation for the earlier (blue) and later (orange) aftershock sequences (see main text). Solid bars show the standard error estimated by boot strap random sampling from the moment tensor dataset for each block. P and n values (crosses) and their standard errors (solid bars) in the estimation are shown in the lower two figures. The values are estimated for the blocks whose strain rate is estimated in both periods. The average n value is calculated from blocks with n < 100.
Covariantizing Phase Space
Creators: name: Larkoski, Andrew J.
name: Melia, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We covariantize calculations over the manifold of phase space, establishing Stokes' theorem for differential cross sections and providing new definitions of familiar observable properties like infrared and collinear safety. Through the introduction of explicit coordinates and a metric we show phase space is isomorphic to the product space of a simplex and a hypersphere, and we identify geometric phenomena that occur when its dimensions are large. These results have implications for fixed order subtraction schemes, machine learning in particle physics and high-multiplicity heavy ion collisions.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure; v2: PRD version, extended discussion of IRC safe and additive observables from Stokes' theorem
Urban agency in Orange County
Creators: name: Ridley, Bryan Scott
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The postsuburb, a population distribution common to matured suburbs and new rapid growth areas is often criticized through a simplistic lens of urban bias. As an organizational space, the postsuburb is at a developmental junction. Its horizontal population expansion is reaching a logical extent, its growth now generating from within rather than accumulating at the edges. This transitive stage in the ongoing maturation of the postsuburb provides the opportunity to consider speculative urban agency; specifically the consequence of inserting light rail transit directly into Orange County, California, the emblematic postsuburb. Southern California's Orange County is often disparaged for its horizontality and a perceived placelessness. Emblematic of suburban sprawl, Orange County has matured and coalesced into a diverse network, resulting in a multivalent polycentric blanket. It is no longer truly suburban, dependent on an urban core, yet it is not traditionally urban either, shunning age-old relationships of city growth. Existing methods of analysis and criticism of the North American suburbs are problematic and simplistic, often relying on outmoded urban referents as the prescriptive model for a purportedly lost sense of place. These methods lack instrumentality because deliberately working with the postsuburb's existing horizontal structure requires an acceptance of it not as permanent, synthetic, and immutable topography, but as a medium of operating potentials. There are opportunities at multiple scales to modify, sculpt, and interact with the broad postsuburban fabric, always mindful of the dynamic composition of this place. This concept can be developed around a composite approach to the postsuburb, using both an ecological and typological understanding of the existing constructed and tempered environment to permit the formative, underlying, and particular structure of a place to be influential in the development of an architecture that is transitive in scale, whether it be building, landscape, infrastructure, or a blend of all three. It also facilitates future development aimed at maintaining the benefits of a postsuburban region through informed layered growth, the inevitable recourse of an expanding population.
Additional file 1 of Partnering with patients in healthcare research: a scoping review of ethical issues, challenges, and recommendations for practice
Creators: name: Martineau, Joé T.
name: Minyaoui, Asma
name: Boivin, Antoine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Ethical issues identified in individual studies.
title: Planung und Projektierung von Flugbetriebsflächen
Creators: name: Nikolova, Desislava
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Flugbetriebsflächen

description: Die Herausforderung für Flugplätze wird sich in Zukunft immer stärker in Richtung Flugsicherheit verschieben. Die vorliegende Diplomarbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Planung und Projektierung von Flugbetriebsflächen in Bezug auf die Flugsicherheit und die moderne Flugsicherung, die einen sicheren Ablauf in der Start- und Landephase gewährleisten sollen. Ausgehend von einer Recherche im Rahmen der Arbeit wird ein Überblick über die Grundzüge der Flugsicherheit gegeben. Dabei soll ein Kriterienkatalog auf Basis von Analysen von häufig vorkommenden Mängeln an ausgewählten Flughäfen ausgearbeitet werden. Durch die Bezeichnung dieser häufig vorgekommenen Mängel erfolgt eine Konkretisierung der wichtigen und sicherheitsrelevanten Forderungen. Abgerundet wird die Arbeit durch Information und Ansätze für die Betriebseinrichtungen und Optimierung der verwendeten Maßnahmen. Die Optimierung der Maßnahmen beim Vorhandensein von Mängeln ist möglich, wenn die ICAO-Standards und Empfehlungen genauso wie die Erfahrungen von Flugzeugführern berücksichtigt werden. Ziel ist es, weltweit einen gleichen Sicherheitsstandard an den Flughäfen herzustellen. Durch die systematische Zusammenstellung von der Zustandserfassung der bis hin zur Maßnahmenplanung der Flugsicherheit auch aus Sicht der Piloten in der vorliegenden Arbeit wird eine leichtere Umsetzung erfolgen. Nachdem die Flugsicherungssysteme immer neue Entwicklungszyklen durchlaufen, ist es sinnvoll, den Kriterienkatalog weiterzuentwickeln und die Flughäfen auf weitere Defizite zu untersuchen.
description: The challenge for airports with well-designed runways, taxiways and aprons are getting focused more and more on flight safety. This thesis addresses the planning and design of airport maneuvering surfaces in terms of air safety and modern air traffic control, and to ensure a safe operation in the takeoff and landing phase. Based on the research as part of the thesis, an overview of the basics of flight safety is given. Thereby, a criteria catalogue that is based on analysis of the most common deficiencies at characteristic airports should be introduced. By describing the most common deficiencies at the airports it is possible to specify important and safety-related requirements. The optimization of the measures in the presence of defects is possible if the ICAO standards and recommendations and all other rules are considered equal to the experience of pilots and their clearly defined criteria. The main aim is to reach an equal level of security at airports worldwide. This master thesis reveals ways to design and plan airports through the systematic verification of the status of the airports, professional point of view of pilots and security measures. The air traffic control systems are constantly developing, considering that it is necessary to further develop the criteria catalogue on the basis of a new study of airport defects.