cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Electroweak corrections and shower effects to Higgs production in association with two jets at the LHC
Creators: name: Jäger, Barbara
name: Scheller, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an implementation of the full electroweak $H+2~\text{jets}$ production process at hadron colliders in the framework of the $\tt{POWHEG~BOX}$, a public tool for the matching of fixed-order perturbative calculations with parton shower generators. Our implementation allows for the simultaneous description of vector-boson fusion and Higgsstrahlung contributions. NLO-QCD and electroweak corrections are taken into account and matched to QCD and QED showers, respectively. The size of the fixed-order QCD and electroweak corrections is found to be moderate, but dependent on the considered selection cuts. QCD shower effects slightly modify the NLO-QCD predictions and are most pronounced for distributions of non-tagging jets. The impact of QED shower effects is small.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures
Model-independent determination of the dipole response of $^{66}$Zn using quasi-monoenergetic and linearly-polarized photon beams
Creators: name: Savran, D.
name: Isaak, J.
name: Schwengner, R.
name: Massarczyk, R.
name: Scheck, M.
name: Tornow, W.
name: Battaglia, G.
name: Beck, T.
name: Finch, S. W.
name: Fransen, C.
name: Friman-Gayer, U.
name: Gonzalez, R.
name: Hoemann, E.
name: Janssens, R. V. F.
name: Johnson, S. R.
name: Jones, M. D.
name: Kleemann, J.
name: Krishichayan
name: Little, D. R.
name: O'Donnell, D.
name: Papst, O.
name: Pietralla, N.
name: Sinclair, J.
name: Werner, V.
name: Wieland, O.
name: Wilhelmy, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [Background] Photon strength functions are an important ingredient in calculations relevant for the nucleosynthesis of heavy elements. The relation to the photoabsorption cross section allows to experimentally constrain photon strength functions by investigating the photo-response of atomic nuclei. [Purpose] We determine the photoresponse of $^{66}$Zn in the energy region of 5.6 MeV to 9.9 MeV and analyze the contribution of the "elastic" decay channel back to the ground state. In addition, for the elastic channel electric and magnetic dipole transitions were separated. [Methods] Nuclear resonance fluorescence experiments were performed using a linearly-polarized quasi-monoenergetic photon beam at the High Intensity $γ$-ray Source. Photon beam energies from 5.6 to 9.9 MeV with an energy spread of about 3% were selected in steps of 200-300 keV. Two High Purity Germanium detectors were used for the subsequent $γ$-ray spectroscopy. [Results] Full photoabsorption cross sections are extracted from the data making use of the monoenergetic character of the photon beam. For the ground-state decay channel, the average contribution of electric and magnetic dipole strengths is disentangled. The average branching ratio back to the ground state is determined as well. [Conclusions] The new results indicate lower cross sections when compared to the values extracted from a former experiment using bremsstrahlung on $^{66}$Zn. In the latter, the average branching ratio to the ground state is estimated from statistical-model calculations in order to analyze the data. Corresponding estimates from statistical-model calculations underestimate this branching ratio compared to the values extracted from the present analysis, which would partly explain the high cross sections determined from the bremsstrahlung data.
Semantic Segmentation of Fruits on Multi-sensor Fused Data in Natural Orchards
Creators: name: Kang, Hanwen
name: Wang, Xing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Semantic segmentation is a fundamental task for agricultural robots to understand the surrounding environments in natural orchards. The recent development of the LiDAR techniques enables the robot to acquire accurate range measurements of the view in the unstructured orchards. Compared to RGB images, 3D point clouds have geometrical properties. By combining the LiDAR and camera, rich information on geometries and textures can be obtained. In this work, we propose a deep-learning-based segmentation method to perform accurate semantic segmentation on fused data from a LiDAR-Camera visual sensor. Two critical problems are explored and solved in this work. The first one is how to efficiently fused the texture and geometrical features from multi-sensor data. The second one is how to efficiently train the 3D segmentation network under severely imbalance class conditions. Moreover, an implementation of 3D segmentation in orchards including LiDAR-Camera data fusion, data collection and labelling, network training, and model inference is introduced in detail. In the experiment, we comprehensively analyze the network setup when dealing with highly unstructured and noisy point clouds acquired from an apple orchard. Overall, our proposed method achieves 86.2% mIoU on the segmentation of fruits on the high-resolution point cloud (100k-200k points). The experiment results show that the proposed method can perform accurate segmentation in real orchard environments.
Noncommutative Local Systems
Creators: name: Ivankov, Petr R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Gelfand - Naĭmark theorem supplies a one to one correspondence between commutative $C^*$-algebras and locally compact Hausdorff spaces. So any noncommutative $C^*$-algebra can be regarded as a generalization of a topological space. Generalizations of several topological invariants may be defined by algebraic methods. For example Serre Swan theorem states that complex topological $K$-theory coincides with $K$-theory of $C^*$-algebras. This article is concerned with generalization of local systems. The classical construction of local system implies an existence of a path groupoid. However the noncommutative geometry does not contain this object. There is a construction of local system which uses covering projections. Otherwise a classical (commutative) notion of a covering projection has a noncommutative generalization. A generalization of noncommutative covering projections supplies a generalization of local systems.
description: 17 pages, 26 references. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1405.1859, arXiv:1408.5813
Guidelines for the formulation of Lagrangian stochastic models for particle simulations of single-phase and dispersed two-phase turbulent flows
Creators: name: Minier, J. -P.
name: Chibbaro, S.
name: Pope, S. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we establish a set of criteria which are applied to discuss various formulations under which Lagrangian stochastic models can be found. These models are used for the simulation of fluid particles in single-phase turbulence as well as for the fluid seen by discrete particles in dispersed turbulent two-phase flows. A central issue is to put forward reliable requirements which must be met by Lagrangian stochastic models and a new element brought by the present analysis is to address the single- and two-phase flow situations from a unified point of view.This analysis does not address the question of the relative predictive capacities of different models but concentrates on their formulation since advantages and disadvantages of different formulations are not always clear. Indeed, hidden in the changes from one structure to another are some possible pitfalls which can lead to flaws in the construction of practical models and to physically-unsound numerical calculations. A first interest of the present approach is illustrated by considering some models proposed in the literature and by showing that these criteria help to assess whether these Lagrangian stochastic models can be regarded as acceptable descriptions. A second interest is to indicate how future developments can be safely built, which is also relevant for stochastic subgrid models for particle-laden flows in the context of Large Eddy Simulations.
Additional file 1: of Social determinants of breast cancer in the Caribbean: a systematic review
Creators: name: Brown, Catherine
name: Hambleton, Ian R.
name: Hercules, Shawn M.
name: Alvarado, Miriam
name: Unwin, Nigel
name: Madhuvanti Murphy
name: E. Harris
name: Rainford Wilks
name: MacLeish, Marlene
name: Sullivan, Louis
name: Sobers-Grannum, Natasha
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: â  Study Protocolâ  , which details the study protocol for the systematic review. (DOCX 1952 kb)
Néel proximity effect at antiferromagnet/superconductor interfaces
Creators: name: Bobkov, G. A.
name: Bobkova, I. V.
name: Bobkov, A. M.
name: Kamra, Akashdeep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-splitting induced in a conventional superconductor weakens superconductivity by destroying spin-singlet and creating spin-triplet Cooper pairs. We demonstrate theoretically that such an effect is also caused by an adjacent compensated antiferromagnet, which yields no net spin-splitting. We find that the antiferromagnet produces Néel triplet Cooper pairs, whose pairing amplitude oscillates rapidly in space similar to the antiferromagnet's spin. The emergence of these unconventional Cooper pairs reduces the singlet pairs' amplitude, thereby lowering the superconducting critical temperature. We develop a quasiclassical Green's functions description of the system employing a two-sublattice framework. It successfully captures the rapid oscillations in the Cooper pairs' amplitude at the lattice spacing scale as well as their smooth variation on the larger coherence length scale. Employing the theoretical framework thus developed, we investigate this Néel proximity effect in a superconductor/antiferromagnet bilayer as a function of interfacial exchange, disorder, and chemical potential, finding rich physics. Our findings also offer insights into experiments which have found a larger than expected suppression of superconductivity by an adjacent antiferromagnet.
Order-disorder phase transition and elastic-to-plastic vortex creep crossover in a triclinic iron pnictide superconductor (Ca0.85La0.15)10(Pt3As8)(Fe2As2)5
Creators: name: Sundar, Shyam
name: Lopes, P. V.
name: Salem-Sugui,, S.
name: Li, Z. -Z.
name: Hong, W. -S.
name: Luo, H. -Q.
name: Li, S. -L.
name: Ghivelder, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vortex matter in layered high-$T_c$ superconductors, including iron-pnictides, undergo several thermodynamic phase transitions due to the complex interplay of pinning energy, thermal energy and elastic energy. Moreover, the presence of anisotropy makes their vortex physics even more intriguing. Here, we report a detailed vortex dynamics study, using dc magnetization measurements, in a triclinic iron-pnictide superconductor (Ca$_{0.85}$La$_{0.15}$)$_{10}$(Pt$_3$As$_8$)(Fe$_2$As$_2$)$_5$, with a superconducting transition temperature, T$_c$ $\sim$ 31 K. A second magnetization peak (SMP) feature is observed for magnetic field perpendicular ($H$$\parallel$$c$) and parallel ($H$$\parallel$$ab$) to the crystal plane. However, its fundamental origin is quite different in both directions. For $H$$\parallel$$c$, the SMP can be well explained using an elastic-to-plastic vortex creep crossover, using collective creep theory. In addition, a possible rhombic-to-square vortex lattice phase transition is also observed for fields in between the onset-field and peak-field related to the SMP. On the other hand, for $H$$\parallel$$ab$, a clear signature of an order-disorder vortex phase transition is observed in the isothermal $M$($H$) measurements at $T$ $\geq$ 6 K. The disordered phase exhibits the characteristics of entangled pinned vortex-liquid. We construct a comprehensive vortex phase diagram by displaying characteristic temperatures and magnetic fields for both crystal geometries in this unique superconducting compound. Our study sheds light on the intricate vortex dynamics and pinning in an iron-pnictide superconductor with triclinic symmetry.
description: 14 Pages, 9 Figures
Avoiding critical slowdown in models with SALR interactions
Creators: name: Zheng, Mingyuan
name: Tarzia, Marco
name: Charbonneau, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In systems with frustration, the critical slowdown of the dynamics severely impedes the numerical study of phase transitions for even the simplest of lattice models. In order to help sidestep the gelation-like sluggishness, a clearer understanding of the underlying physics is needed. Here, we first obtain generic insights into that phenomenon by studying one-dimensional and Bethe lattice versions of a schematic frustrated model, the axial next-nearest neighbor Ising (ANNNI) model. Based on these findings, we formulate two cluster algorithms that speed up the simulations of the ANNNI model on a 2D square lattice. Although these schemes do not avoid the critical slowdown, speed-ups of factors up to 40 are achieved in some regimes.
Phytomolecules against bacterial biofilm and efflux pump: an in silico and in vitro study
Creators: name: Rishabh Jhanji
name: Vipin Bhati
name: Singh, Arti
name: Anoop Kumar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Antibiotic resistance is a global threat whose incidences are increasing day by day worldwide. Thus, there is a need for new chemical entities (NCEs) or exploration of existing molecules against these types of infections. In the current investigation, we have tested the inhibitory potential of four different phytomolecules (berberine, gallic acid, piperine, and rutin) against bacterial biofilm and efflux pumps by using in-silico and in-vitro techniques. The phytomolecules (berberine, piperine, and rutin) except gallic acid have shown good interaction towards biofilm and efflux pump proteins. Further, In-vitro studies have also shown the good inhibitory effect of tested phytomolecules (berberine, rutin, and piperine) against bacterial biofilm formation and efflux pumps. In conclusion, berberine, piperine, and rutin could be the promising antibacterial candidates, particularly against resistant bacterial strains. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Relativistic correction to the dissociation temperature of B_c mesons in the hot medium
Creators: name: Li, Guangyu
name: Chen, Baoyi
name: Liu, Yunpeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By solving two body Dirac equations with potentials at finite temperature, we calculated the dissociation temperature T_d of B_c mesons in the quark-gluon plasma. It is found that the T_d becomes higher with the relativistic correction than the T_d from the Schroedinger equation. Both the short range interaction and the constant term of the potential at the long-range scale have a contribution to the shift of T_d, while the spin interaction is negligible.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, accepted by Chinese Physics C
Onset and cessation of motion in hydrodynamically sheared granular beds
Creators: name: Clark, Abram H.
name: Shattuck, Mark D.
name: Ouellette, Nicholas T.
name: O'Hern, Corey S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed molecular dynamics simulations of granular beds driven by a model hydrodynamic shear flow to elucidate general grain-scale mechanisms that determine the onset and cessation of sediment transport. By varying the Shields number (the nondimensional shear stress at the top of the bed) and particle Reynolds number (the ratio of particle inertia to viscous damping), we explore how variations of the fluid flow rate, particle inertia, and fluid viscosity affect the onset and cessation of bed motion. For low to moderate particle Reynolds numbers, a critical boundary separates mobile and static states. Transition times between these states diverge as this boundary is approached both from above and below. At high particle Reynolds number, inertial effects become dominant, and particle motion can be sustained well below flow rates at which mobilization of a static bed occurs. We also find that the onset of bed motion (for both low and high particle Reynolds numbers) is described by Weibullian weakest-link statistics, and thus is crucially dependent on the packing structure of the granular bed, even deep beneath the surface.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Can the energy of a particle be negative in the absence of external fields?
Creators: name: Grib, A. A.
name: Pavlov, Yu. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the question of conditions for the existence of negative-energy states of particles in the absence of external fields in inertial and noninertial frames of reference. We show that in the nonrelativistic case in noninertial reference frames, there always exist domains where the energy of particles is negative. We also show that in the relativistic case, the existence of negative-energy states of point particles does not lead to violations of the energy dominance condition. We consider conditions for the appearance of negative and zero energies of particles in the Milne universe and Rindler space-time.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure
Identification of potential drug-like molecules for inhibition of the inflammatory activity of cyclooxygenase-2
Creators: name: Gurung, Arun Bahadur
name: Aibanjiedlang Laso
name: Atanu Bhattacharjee
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Inflammation plays a pivotal role in all the stages of atherosclerosis and therefore targeting the key enzymes of this pathway may help in ameliorating the disease progression. The current study is aimed to identify small lead molecules as a promising inhibitor for the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), a therapeutically important protein involved in the prostaglandin biosynthesis pathway and a key player in driving the inflammatory atherogenic progression. Herein, we have used extensive computational methods such as virtual screening, protein-ligand docking, molecular dynamics simulation and binding free energy analysis. Out of 2500 molecules, 1408 compounds have favourable drug-like properties. ZINC72348892 showed GOLD fitness score of 86.38 with COX-2 and established two hydrogen bonds with Phe519 and mostly hydrophobic interactions. The second lead ZINC72295579 showed GOLD fitness score of 84.07 with COX-2 and exhibited four hydrogen bonds with His90, Tyr356, Tyr386 and Ala528. Both the lead compounds exhibit high binding affinity for COX-2 compared with COX-1 isoenzyme. Further, the lead molecules showed a favourable Molecular mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM/PBSA) Gibbs binding free energy lower compared to the control. Van der Waal energy is the predominant component driving the interaction of the lead molecules with COX-2. Essential dynamics and entropy calculation further confirmed the structural rigidity and compactness of the protein upon binding of the lead molecules. Thus our findings suggest that ZINC72348892 and ZINC72295579 as promising lead molecules for inhibition of COX-2 and which would provide alternative chemotypes in the drug discovery pipeline for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
Planificación de estrategias pedagógicas en el nivel universitario
Creators: name: Rivas, Jorge Luis Hilario
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: didactica
curriculo

description: La planificación de estrategias pedagógicas en el nivel universitario es un proceso clave para garantizar el éxito de los estudiantes en su formación académica y profesional. A continuación, se presentan algunos pasos que pueden ayudar a los educadores a planificar estrategias pedagógicas efectivas.
Galactic satellite systems in CDM, WDM and SIDM
Creators: name: Moreno, Victor J. Forouhar
name: Benitez-Llambay, Alejandro
name: Cole, Shaun
name: Frenk, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the population of bright satellites ($M_{*} \geq 10^{5} \mathrm{M}_{\odot}$) of haloes of mass comparable to that of the Milky Way in cosmological simulations in which the dark matter (DM) is either cold, warm or self-interacting (CDM, WDM and SIDM respectively). The nature of the DM gives rise to differences in the abundance and structural properties of field halos. In WDM, the main feature is a reduction in the total number of galaxies that form, reflecting a suppression of low-mass DM haloes and lower galaxy formation efficiency compared to CDM. For SIDM, the changes are structural, restricted to the central regions of haloes and dependent on the assumed self-interaction cross-section. We also consider different baryonic subgrid physics models for galaxy formation, in which supernova gas blowouts can or cannot induce the formation of a core in dwarf galaxies. Overall, the inclusion of baryons lessen the differences in the halo properties in the different DM models compared to DM-only simulations. This affects the satellite properties at infall and therefore their subsequent tidal stripping and survival rates. Nonetheless, we find slightly less concentrated satellite radial distributions as the SIDM cross-section increases. Unfortunately, we also find that the satellite populations in simulations with baryon-induced cores in CDM and WDM can mimic the results found in SIDM, making the satellite stellar mass and maximum circular velocity functions heavily degenerate on the assumed nature of the DM and the adopted subgrid modelling. These degeneracies preclude using the brightest satellites of the Milky Way to constrain the nature of DM.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Corrected typo
Beratungskompetenz fördern – ein Konzept phasenübergreifender Begleitung
Creators: name: Marschall, Sabine
name: Würtz, Esther
name: Wallinda, Kerstin
name: Waschulewski, Ute
name: Lindmeier, Christian
Publisher: name: PraxisForschungLehrer*innenBildung. Zeitschrift für Schul- und Professionsentwicklung.
Year: 2022

description: Mit dem Ziel, zukünftige Lehrkräfte besser auf ihre vielfältigen Beratungsaufgaben im Schulalltag vorzubereiten und Inklusion qualifiziert und innovativ mitzugestalten (Lindmeier & Lindmeier, 2018), wird ein phasenübergreifendes Beratungscurriculum für Förderschullehrer*innen nach dem systemischen Ansatz (Weinhardt, 2020) entwickelt und erprobt (60 Studierende à 2 Kohorten, viereinhalb Jahre, drei Ausbildungsphasen). Professionelle sonderpädagogische Beratungskompetenz erfordert in inklusiven schulischen Settings neben der Beratung von Kolleg*innen, Eltern und Schüler*innen insbesondere eine intensive, fortlaufende (Selbst-)Reflexion (Lindmeier & Lindmeier, 2018). Dieser fortlaufende Entwicklungs- und Reflexionsprozess bildet durch reflexive Professionalisierung im Wechsel mit reflektierender Professionalität den Kern der Ausbildung zu sonderpädagogischer Beratungskompetenz im Projekt „Sonderpädagogische Beratung in der inklusiven Schule“ (SoBiS). Die Ausbildungsinhalte werden in regelmäßiger Kooperation mit den Beteiligten aller Phasen – Universität, Studienseminar, Pädagogisches Landesinstitut – der Förderschullehrer*innenbildung abgestimmt sowie dynamisch fortentwickelt. Die Didaktik des Curriculums und die Evaluation sehen einen Design-Based Research Ansatz vor (Reinmann, 2018, Benner, 2018). Quantitativ wird u.a. ein Fragebogen zur Beratungskompetenzentwicklung eingesetzt; qualitativ wird iterativ-zirkulär vorgegangen (Ochs & Schweitzer, 2015). Als Erhebungsinstrumente kommen hierbei unter anderem Gruppendiskussionen und schriftliche Reflexionen von Einzelcoachings zum Einsatz.
description: PraxisForschungLehrer*innenBildung. Zeitschrift für Schul- und Professionsentwicklung., Bd. 4 Nr. 3 (2022): Beratung und Supervision in der Bildung von Lehrer*innen
Additional file 2: of Social determinants of breast cancer in the Caribbean: a systematic review
Creators: name: Brown, Catherine
name: Hambleton, Ian R.
name: Hercules, Shawn M.
name: Alvarado, Miriam
name: Unwin, Nigel
name: Madhuvanti Murphy
name: E. Harris
name: Rainford Wilks
name: MacLeish, Marlene
name: Sullivan, Louis
name: Sobers-Grannum, Natasha
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: â  Search Strategyâ  , which details the search strategies of the database. (DOCX 16 kb)
Professionsbezogene Beratung im Spannungsfeld von Bildungsautonomie und curricularer Fremdbestimmung
Creators: name: Bauer, Petra
name: Kniep, Kathrin
name: Weinhardt, Marc
Publisher: name: PraxisForschungLehrer*innenBildung. Zeitschrift für Schul- und Professionsentwicklung.
Year: 2022

description: Lehramtsstudierende positionieren sich zu den Anforderungen von Studium und zukünftigem Beruf auf der Grundlage individueller Eingangsvoraussetzungen. Beratungsformate wie das Tübinger Projekt ProfiL sind konzeptionell darauf ausgerichtet, diese Vermittlung zwischen objektivem und subjektivem Bildungsgang zu unterstützen. Aus subjektivierungstheoretischer Perspektive entsteht jedoch die Frage, welche neuen Subjektmodelle und Subjektivierungsweisen mit solchen Beratungsangeboten in das Studium eingespeist werden. In einer narrativen Interviewstudie können diese Subjektivierungsweisen in ersten Ansätzen empirisch sichtbar gemacht werden: Beratungsteilnehmende verfolgen in der Auseinandersetzung mit Professionalitätserwartungen Subjektideen, die einerseits berufswunschbezogenen Normativen geschuldet sind. Andererseits bietet sich durch das Andocken an individuelle Voraussetzungen die Gelegenheit, programmatische Subjektmodelle (teilweise) zu überschreiben. Werden die inhaltlichen bzw. strukturellen Konzeptsetzungen zunehmend als Nichtpassung zu eigenen Entwicklungs- und damit Subjektivierungsbedarfen empfunden, brechen Teilnehmende die Beratung ab. Subjektorientierte Professionalisierung scheint demnach individuelle Anknüpfungs- und Adaptionsmöglichkeiten zu benötigen.
description: PraxisForschungLehrer*innenBildung. Zeitschrift für Schul- und Professionsentwicklung., Bd. 4 Nr. 3 (2022): Beratung und Supervision in der Bildung von Lehrer*innen
Valley contrasting chiral phonons in monolayer hexagonal lattices
Creators: name: Zhang, Lifa
name: Niu, Qian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In monolayer hexagonal lattices, two inequivalent valleys appear in the Brillouin zone. With inversion symmetry breaking, we find chiral phonons with valley contrasting circular polarization and ionic magnetic moment. At valley centers, there is a three-fold rotational symmetry endowing phonons with a quantized pseudo angular momentum, which includes spin and orbital parts. From conservation of the pseudo angular momentum, crystal momentum and energy, selection rules in intervalley scattering of electrons by phonons are obtained. The chiral valley phonons are verified and the selection rules are predicted in monolayer Molybdenum disulfide. Due to valley contrasting phonon Berry curvature, one can also detect a valley phonon Hall effect. The valley-contrasting chiral phonon, together with phonon circular polarization, ionic magnetic moment, phonon pseudo angular momentum, valley phonon Hall effect, will form the basis for valley-based electronics and phononics applications in the future.
An Exclusive Computational Insight toward Molecular Mechanism of MMV007571, A Multitarget Inhibitor of Plasmodium falciparum
Creators: name: Rawat, Ravi
name: Saurabh M. Verma
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Recently, two Malaria Box molecules namely MMV007571 and MMV020439 well known inhibitors of New Permeability Pathway (NPP) function also showed a secondary phenotype of inhibition of enzyme Plasmodium falciparum dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (PfDHODH) and cytochrome bc1 complex in metabolic profile assays. Intricacies of their binding at the newly identified targets was need of the hour which motivated us to study their binding using molecular docking and dynamics simulations approach. Interestingly, molecular docking results of both MMV007571 and MMV020439 showed good binding affinity toward the Qo site of cytochrome bc1 complex while only MMV007571 illustrated notable binding characterstics for PfDHODH. Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations when carried out for native-PfDHODH, PfDHODH-MMV007571 and PfDHODH-Genz667348 models (100 ns each) demonstrated the role of inhibitors over the N-terminus domain which experienced conformational transition from an open state (22 Å) to closed state (16 Å) in the protein-inhibitor models. Dynamics also indicated that the loop domain near cofactor flavin mononucleotide (FMN) attained more felxibility which further lead to its poor binding and may contribute to inhibition of the oxidation (catalytic) process. Moreover, the pharmacophoric features of MMV007571 was justified and may serve as a template for the design of novel series of more potent multitarget inhibitors against Plasmodium falciparum.
Discovery and identification of putative Adenosine Kinase inhibitors as potential anti-epileptic agents from structural insights
Creators: name: Pakhuri Mehta
name: Malik, Ruchi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: The seizure controlling activity of human Adenosine Kinase (AK) has been identified as a promising target for the development of small-molecule inhibitors to be used as potential anti-epileptic agents. Overexpression of AK has been considered as a pathologic hallmark of epilepsy. However, the exploration of AK for the treatment of epilepsy still remains a challenge in drug discovery. In a pursuit to recognize novel inhibitors of AK, a structure-based virtual screening study based on the molecular docking analysis of the compounds of Asinex database was performed. Crystal structure of human AK in complex with inhibitor revealed the crucial ligand-protein interactions (Asn14, Asn18, Ser65 and Phe170) within the active site and offers opportunities for further development of the potential anti-epileptic agents. Overall, twenty novel diverse potential hits appear to be important scaffolds for the design of novel AK inhibitors with better docking scores, dG bind scores with in silico desired pharmacokinetic parameters and synthetic accessibility scores than the co-crystallized ligand. Computational hits obtained through validated virtual screening protocol (superposition and enrichment) followed by simulation studies, quantum mechanics with better pharmacokinetic performance and hit optimization study provides in silico evidence for the applicability of these valuable tools in drug discovery and towards the development of a better therapeutic regime of epilepsy.
Many-body theory of phonon-induced spin relaxation and decoherence
Creators: name: Park, Jinsoo
name: Luo, Yao
name: Zhou, Jin-Jian
name: Bernardi, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First-principles calculations enable accurate predictions of electronic interactions and dynamics. However, computing the electron spin dynamics remains challenging. The spin-orbit interaction causes various dynamical phenomena that couple with phonons, such as spin precession and spin-flip e-ph scattering, which are difficult to describe with current first-principles calculations. In this work, we show a rigorous framework to study phonon-induced spin relaxation and decoherence, by computing the spin-spin correlation function and its vertex corrections due to e-ph interactions. We apply this approach to a model system and develop corresponding first-principles calculations of spin relaxation in GaAs. Our vertex-correction formalism is shown to capture the Elliott-Yafet, Dyakonov-Perel, and strong-precession mechanisms - three independent spin decoherence regimes with distinct physical origins - thereby unifying their theoretical treatment and calculation. Our method is general and enables quantitative studies of spin relaxation, decoherence, and transport in a wide range of materials and devices.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
A New Chiral Boron–dipyrromethene (BODIPY)–based Fluorescent Probe: Molecular docking, DFT, Antibacterial and Antioxidant approaches
Creators: name: Rua B. Alnoman
name: Parveen, Shazia
name: Hagar, Mohamad
name: Ahmed, Hoda A.
name: Knight, Julian G.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: A new chiral BODIPY–based fluorescent compound, 5‒bromo‒4,4‒difluoro‒3(S)‒1‒phenylethyl)amino)BODIPY, 4 was synthesized for biomedical applications. Optical, antimicrobial, antioxidant properties of the compound 4 are investigated. The partition coefficient suggested that the compound 4 has the potential to be developed as an active antibacterial and antioxidant candidate. In this context, antibacterial assay was carried out for compound 4 against various bacterial strains, revealing maximum inhibition zone (24 ± 2.19 mm) in Escherichia coli. Moreover, results of antioxidant activity of compound 4 revealed IC50 values to be greater than ascorbic acid. Molecular docking has given brief insight about the binding of the compound 4, suggesting that it has a strong potential to inhibit bacterial target enzymes viz., DNA gyrase, enzymes in the type II fatty acid synthesis and Ddl (D‒alanine:D‒alanine ligase) in peptidoglycan synthesis. The molecular geometry and electrostatic potential of compound 4, was established by DFT (Density Functional Theory) calculations. Abbreviations:BBBblood‒brain barrierBDEbond dissociation energyBODIPYBoron–dipyrromethaneDdlD‒alanine:D‒alanine ligaseDDQ2,3–dichloro–5,6–dicyano–1,4–benzoquinoneDFTDensity functional theoryDNADeoxyribonucleic acidDPPH1,1‒diphenyl‒2‒picrylhydrazylNBSN–bromo succinimideROSReactive oxygen speciesUV–visUltraviolet–visibleFMOfrontier molecular orbitalsHOMOHighest occupied molecular orbitalLUMOLowest unoccupied molecular orbital blood‒brain barrier bond dissociation energy Boron–dipyrromethane D‒alanine:D‒alanine ligase 2,3–dichloro–5,6–dicyano–1,4–benzoquinone Density functional theory Deoxyribonucleic acid 1,1‒diphenyl‒2‒picrylhydrazyl N–bromo succinimide Reactive oxygen species Ultraviolet–visible frontier molecular orbitals Highest occupied molecular orbital Lowest unoccupied molecular orbital
On the Feasibility of Cross-Language Detection of Malicious Packages in npm and PyPI
Creators: name: Ladisa, Piergiorgio
name: Ponta, Serena Elisa
name: Ronzoni, Nicola
name: Martinez, Matias
name: Barais, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Current software supply chains heavily rely on open-source packages hosted in public repositories. Given the popularity of ecosystems like npm and PyPI, malicious users started to spread malware by publishing open-source packages containing malicious code. Recent works apply machine learning techniques to detect malicious packages in the npm ecosystem. However, the scarcity of samples poses a challenge to the application of machine learning techniques in other ecosystems. Despite the differences between JavaScript and Python, the open-source software supply chain attacks targeting such languages show noticeable similarities (e.g., use of installation scripts, obfuscated strings, URLs). In this paper, we present a novel approach that involves a set of language-independent features and the training of models capable of detecting malicious packages in npm and PyPI by capturing their commonalities. This methodology allows us to train models on a diverse dataset encompassing multiple languages, thereby overcoming the challenge of limited sample availability. We evaluate the models both in a controlled experiment (where labels of data are known) and in the wild by scanning newly uploaded packages for both npm and PyPI for 10 days. We find that our approach successfully detects malicious packages for both npm and PyPI. Over an analysis of 31,292 packages, we reported 58 previously unknown malicious packages (38 for npm and 20 for PyPI), which were consequently removed from the respective repositories.
description: Proceedings of Annual Computer Security Applications Conference (ACSAC '23), December 4--8, 2023, Austin, TX, USA
In-silico Design of Peptide Inhibitors of K-Ras Target in Cancer Disease
Creators: name: Mehreen Ghufran
name: Rehman, Ashfaq Ur
name: Masaud Shah
name: Ayaz, Muhammad
name: Ng, Ho Leung
name: Wadood, Abdul
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Cancer is a leading cause of death, over one million individuals analyzed, and around 500,000 deaths happen due to cancer every year alone in the United States. The Ras is a significant protein in the signaling transduction pathways and has a leading role in cell proliferation. Above 30% of all human tumors arises due to the mutations in genes that encode a Ras protein that operate signaling cascades necessary for malignant transformation, tumor angiogenesis, and metastasis. The Ras gene family comprised of 36 total genes in human. The N-Ras, K-Ras, and H-Ras are accounted for to assume noticeable function in human cancer. The mutation in K-Ras protein is most commonly found in tumors. K-Ras is the most crucial driver in lung and pancreatic cancers. Among the mutations of N-Ras, H-Ras, and K-Ras, the mutant K-Ras is the most prevalent target for the development of Lungs, colon, and pancreatic cancers. The study aimed to develop the peptide inhibitors of the K-Ras G12D. The crystal structure of the mutant K-Ras/R11.1.6 G12D complex was retrieved from the protein databank. The protein R11.1.6 directly blocks interaction with Raf and diminishes signaling through the Raf-MEK-ERK signaling pathway. Here, in this study, we designed novel peptides from the truncated reference peptide (R11.1.6) through residue scan methodology. The top ten designed peptides (based on binding free energies) were subjected to molecular dynamics simulations using AMBER to evaluate stability. Our results indicate that the top ten selected peptides have strong interactions with K-Ras than the reference peptide (R11.1.6) and have the potency to prevent the binding of Raf and K-Ras.
A Survey of Augmented Piano Prototypes: Has Augmentation Improved Learning Experiences?
Creators: name: Deja, Jordan Aiko
name: Mayer, Sven
name: Pucihar, Klen Čopič
name: Kljun, Matjaž
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.5.5

description: Humans have been developing and playing musical instruments for millennia. With technological advancements, instruments were becoming ever more sophisticated. In recent decades computer-supported innovations have also been introduced in hardware design, usability, and aesthetics. One of the most commonly digitally augmented instruments is the piano. Besides electronic keyboards, several prototypes augmenting pianos with different projections providing various levels of interactivity on and around the keyboard have been implemented in order to support piano players. However, it is still not understood if these solutions are indeed supporting the learning process. In this paper we present a systematic review of augmented piano prototypes focusing on instrument learning, which is based on the four themes derived from interviews of piano experts to better understand the problems of teaching the piano. These themes are: (i) synchronised movement and body posture, (ii) sight-reading, (iii) ensuring motivation, and (iv) encouraging improvisation. We found that prototypes are saturated on the synchronisation themes, and there are opportunities for sight-reading, motivation, and improvisation themes. We conclude by presenting recommendations on augmenting piano systems towards enriching the piano learning experience as well as on possible directions to expand knowledge in the area.
description: 28 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables, Proceedings of ISS'22
Erwerb beratungsrelevanter Kompetenzen durch Lehrkräfte – inhaltliche und methodische Herausforderungen der Förderung schulischer Beratungskompetenz
Creators: name: Strasser, Josef
name: Behr, Frank
Publisher: name: PraxisForschungLehrer*innenBildung. Zeitschrift für Schul- und Professionsentwicklung.
Year: 2022

description: Im Beitrag werden grundlegende Herausforderungen und Schwierigkeiten, die bei der Förderung des beratungsrelevanten Kompetenzerwerbs durch Lehrkräfte zu bedenken sind, herausgearbeitet und diskutiert. Diese Herausforderungen sind sowohl inhaltlicher als auch methodischer Natur und liegen in den besonderen Praxisbedingungen schulischer Beratung begründet. Diese Bedingungen erschweren nicht nur den Kompetenzerwerb, sondern haben auch Konsequenzen für die Modellierung der beratungsrelevanten Kompetenzen von Lehrkräften. Ohne eine belastbare Fundierung des für schulisches Beraten relevanten Wissens und Könnens sind Zieldimension und Wirkfaktoren instruktionaler Förderansätze nicht valide zu bestimmen, können deren Nachhaltigkeit und ein Transfer in die Praxis nicht gewährleistet werden. Der Beitrag plädiert dafür, Bemühungen zur Förderung beratungsrelevanter Kompetenzen konsistent und systematisch auf die konkreten Anforderungen schulischer Beratungspraxis zu beziehen und vor dem Hintergrund des gesamten Professionalisierungsprozesses von Lehrkräften zu konzipieren.
description: PraxisForschungLehrer*innenBildung. Zeitschrift für Schul- und Professionsentwicklung., Bd. 4 Nr. 3 (2022): Beratung und Supervision in der Bildung von Lehrer*innen
The Super Period Matrix With Ramond Punctures
Creators: name: Witten, Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We generalize the super period matrix of a super Riemann surface to the case that Ramond punctures are present. For a super Riemann surface of genus g with 2r Ramond punctures, we define, modulo certain choices that generalize those in the classical theory (and assuming a certain generic condition is satisfied), a g|r x g|r period matrix that is symmetric in the Z_2-graded sense. As an application, we analyze the genus 2 vacuum amplitude in string theory compactifications to four dimensions that are supersymmetric at tree level. We find an explanation for a result that has been found in orbifold examples in explicit computations by D'Hoker and Phong: with their integration procedure, the genus 2 vacuum amplitude always vanishes "pointwise" after summing over spin structures, and hence is given entirely by a boundary contribution.
description: 38 pp. plus appendices
Ubiquitous signatures of nematic quantum criticality in optimally doped Fe-based superconductors
Creators: name: Kuo, Hsueh-Hui
name: Chu, Jiun-Haw
name: Palmstrom, Johanna C.
name: Kivelson, Steven A.
name: Fisher, Ian R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A key actor in the conventional theory of superconductivity is the induced interaction between electrons mediated by the exchange of virtual collective fluctuations, originally phonons. Other collective modes that can play the same role, especially spin-fluctuations, have been widely discussed in the context of high-temperature and heavy Fermion superconductors. The strength of such collective fluctuations is measured by the associated susceptibility. Here we use differential elastoresistance measurements on five optimally doped Fe-based superconductors to reveal that a diverging \emph{nematic} susceptibility appears to be a generic feature in the optimal doping regime of these materials. The observation motivates consideration of the effects of nematic fluctuations on the superconducting pairing interaction in this family of compounds, and possibly beyond.
description: An improved version of elastoresistivity measurement based on Montgometry geometry has been used to recollect all the data presented in the manuscript. All the qualitative conclusions in the previous version remain valid, but with the new technique all quantitative statements made in the paper are now precise