cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Vacuum alignment and radiatively induced Fermi scale
Creators: name: Alanne, Tommi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the discussion about vacuum misalignment by quantum corrections in models with composite pseudo-Goldstone Higgs boson to renormalisable models with elementary scalars. As a concrete example, we propose a framework, where the hierarchy between the unification and the Fermi scale emerges radiatively. This scenario provides an interesting link between the unification and Fermi scale physics.
description: 7 pages. To appear in the proceedings of the 5th International Conference on New Frontiers in Physics ICNFP2016, July 06 - 14, 2016. Based on arXiv:1511.01910 and arXiv:1608.07442. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1609.08491
Africaterphis acroceroides Schlinger 1968, new comb.
Creators: name: Schlinger, Evert I.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1968
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Acroceridae
Africaterphis
Africaterphis acroceroides

description: Africaterphis acroceroides (Sabrosky), new comb. Terphis acroceroides Sabrosky, 1950:50; fig. I; Schlinger, 1960a:497. This brightly coloured yellow and black species was originally described from two males from the Belgian Congo. Schlinger (I960a) discussed the first females of the species and recorded them from Portuguese East Africa. Recently I examined 11 males from Southern Rhodesia as follows: 6 ♂ ♂, E. Vumba, 6.5.1965 (D. Cookson), taken swarming above a banana plant; 5 ♂ ♂, Bomponi, Vumba, 16.5. 1965 (D. M. Cookson); 2 specimens of which were also collected above a banana plant, 2 other specimens were taken over a guava bush, and one specimen was labelled at 2,500 ft. elevation.
description: Published as part of Schlinger, Evert I., 1968, Africaterphis, a new genus for the African species of Terphis; and a redescription of the Brazilian genus Terphis Erichson (Diptera: Acroceridae), pp. 59-62 in ANNALS OF THE NATAL MUSEUM 20 on page 62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8345268
description: {"references": ["SABROSKY, C. W., 1950. A new genus and two new species of, and miscellaneous notes on African Acroceridae. Proc. Roy. ent. Soc. Lond. (B) 19: 47 - 52, figs. 1 - 2.", "SCHLINGER, E. I., 1960 a. A review of the South African Acroceridae. Ann. Natal Mus. 14 (3): 459 - 504, 29 figs."]}
Quantum Transport in Topological Semimetals under Magnetic Fields
Creators: name: Lu, Hai-Zhou
name: Shen, Shun-Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological semimetals are three-dimensional topological states of matter, in which the conduction and valence bands touch at a finite number of points, i.e., the Weyl nodes. Topological semimetals host paired monopoles and antimonopoles of Berry curvature at the Weyl nodes and topologically protected Fermi arcs at certain surfaces. We review our recent works on quantum transport in topological semimetals, according to the strength of the magnetic field. At weak magnetic fields, there are competitions between the positive magnetoresistivity induced by the weak anti-localization effect and negative magnetoresistivity related to the nontrivial Berry curvature. We propose a fitting formula for the magnetoconductivity of the weak anti-localization. We expect that the weak localization may by induced by inter- alley effects and interaction effect, and occur in double-Weyl semimetals. For the negative magnetoresistance induced by the nontrivial Berry curvature in topological semimetals, we show the dependence of the negative magnetoresistance on the carrier density. At strong magnetic fields, specifically, in the quantum limit, the magnetoconduction depends on the type and range of the scattering potential of disorder. The high-field positive magnetoconductivity may not be a compelling signature of the chiral anomaly. For long-range Gaussian scattering potential and half filling, the magnetoconductivity can be linear in the quantum limit. A minimal conductivity is found at the Weyl nodes although the density of states vanishes there.
description: Invited review, to appear in the special issue "Recent Progress on Weyl Semimetals" of Frontiers of Physics
Big-Bounce cosmology in the presence of Immirzi field
Creators: name: Bombacigno, Flavio
name: Cianfrani, Francesco
name: Montani, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Immirzi parameter is promoted to be a scalar field and the Hamiltonian analysis of the corresponding dynamical system is performed in the presence of gravity. We identified some SU(2) connections, generalizing Ashtekar-Barbero variables, and we rewrite the constraints in terms of them, setting the classical formulation suitable for loop quantization. Then, we consider the reduced system obtained when restricting to a flat isotropic cosmological model. By mimicking loop quantization via an effective semiclassical treatment, we outline how quantum effects are able to tame the initial singularity both in synchronous time and when the Immirzi field is taken as a relational time.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Africaterphis gertschi Schlinger 1968, new comb
Creators: name: Schlinger, Evert I.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1968
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Acroceridae
Africaterphis
Africaterphis gertschi

description: Africaterphis gertschi (Schlinger), new comb Terphis gertschi Schlinger, 1960a:497, figs. 24, 25. This species was described from two males from Ceres, Cape Province, South Africa. A poorly preserved male specimen has been examined recently which is presumed to be this species. It had the following labels: (1) "British Caffraria, Castilucan, 1862 "; (2) " Terphis aspera Wdlck *" and "MSS of Benno Wandolleck, in Berlin, 1899." This specimen was loaned to me from the Hope Museum, Oxford, England. The name " Terphis aspera," as given on the above label, is here considered a nomen nudem, inasmuch as the large revision of this family published by Wandolleck in 1914 did not contain this species name, any actual description of the genus or any species of Terphis.
description: Published as part of Schlinger, Evert I., 1968, Africaterphis, a new genus for the African species of Terphis; and a redescription of the Brazilian genus Terphis Erichson (Diptera: Acroceridae), pp. 59-62 in ANNALS OF THE NATAL MUSEUM 20 on page 62, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8345268
description: {"references": ["SCHLINGER, E. I., 1960 a. A review of the South African Acroceridae. Ann. Natal Mus. 14 (3): 459 - 504, 29 figs."]}
On the Time Dependence of Adiabatic Particle Number
Creators: name: Dabrowski, Robert
name: Dunne, Gerald V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider quantum field theoretic systems subject to a time-dependent perturbation, and discuss the question of defining a time dependent particle number not just at asymptotic early and late times, but also during the perturbation. Naively, this is not a well-defined notion for such a non-equilibrium process, as the particle number at intermediate times depends on a basis choice of reference states with respect to which particles and anti-particles are defined, even though the final late-time particle number is independent of this basis choice. The basis choice is associated with a particular truncation of the adiabatic expansion. The adiabatic expansion is divergent, and we show that if this divergent expansion is truncated at its optimal order, a universal time dependence is obtained, confirming a general result of Dingle and Berry. This optimally truncated particle number provides a clear picture of quantum interference effects for perturbations with non-trivial temporal sub-structure. We illustrate these results using several equivalent definitions of adiabatic particle number: the Bogoliubov, Riccati, Spectral Function and Schrodinger picture approaches. In each approach, the particle number may be expressed in terms of the tiny deviations between the exact and adiabatic solutions of the Ermakov-Milne equation for the associated time-dependent oscillators.
description: 27 pages, 13 figures
Supersymmetric versions of the Fokas-Gel'fand formula for immersion
Creators: name: Bertrand, S.
name: Grundland, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35Q51, 53A05, 22E70

description: In this paper, we construct and investigate two supersymmetric versions of the Fokas-Gel'fand formula for the immersion of 2D surfaces associated with a supersymmetric integrable system. The first version involves an infinitesimal deformation of the zero-curvature condition and the linear spectral problem associated with this system. This deformation leads the surfaces to be represented in terms of a bosonic supermatrix immersed in a Lie superalgebra. The second supersymmetric version is obtained by using a fermionic parameter deformation to construct surfaces expressed in terms of a fermionic supermatrix immersed in a Lie superalgebra. For both extensions, we provide a geometrical characterization of deformed surfaces using the super Killing form as an inner product and a super moving frame formalism. The theoretical results are applied to the supersymmetric sine-Gordon equation in order to construct super soliton surfaces associated with five different symmetries. We find integrated forms of these surfaces which represent constant Gaussian curvature surfaces and nonlinear Weingarten-type surfaces.
description: 23 pages
Measuring the Nonlinear Refractive Index of Graphene using the Optical Kerr Effect Method
Creators: name: Dremetsika, Evdokia
name: Dlubak, Bruno
name: Gorza, Simon-Pierre
name: Ciret, Charles
name: Martin, Marie-Blandine
name: Hofmann, Stephan
name: Seneor, Pierre
name: Dolfi, Daniel
name: Massar, Serge
name: Emplit, Philippe
name: Kockaert, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By means of the ultrafast optical Kerr effect method coupled to optical heterodyne detection (OHD-OKE), we characterize the third order nonlinear response of graphene at telecom wavelength, and compare it to experimental values obtained by the Z-scan method on the same samples. From these measurements, we estimate a negative nonlinear refractive index for monolayer graphene, $n_2 = - 1.1\times 10^{-13} m^2/W$. This is in contradiction to previously reported values, which leads us to compare our experimental measurements obtained by the OHD-OKE and the Z-scan method with theoretical and experimental values found in the literature, and to discuss the discrepancies, taking into account parameters such as doping.
description: To be published in Optics Letters
Nature of the Metallization Transition in Solid Hydrogen
Creators: name: Azadi, Sam
name: Drummond, N. D.
name: Foulkes, W. M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an accurate study of the static-nucleus electronic energy band gap of solid molecular hydrogen at high pressure. The excitonic and quasiparticle gaps of the $C2/c$, $Pc$, $Pbcn$, and $P6_3/m$ structures at pressures of 250, 300, and 350~GPa are calculated using the fixed-node diffusion quantum Monte Carlo (DMC) method. The difference between the mean-field and many-body band gaps at the same density is found to be almost independent of system size and can therefore be applied as a scissor correction to the mean-field gap of an infinite system to obtain an estimate of the many-body gap in the thermodynamic limit. By comparing our static-nucleus DMC energy gaps with available experimental results, we demonstrate the important role played by nuclear quantum effects in the electronic structure of solid hydrogen. Our DMC results suggest that the metallization of high-pressure solid hydrogen occurs via a structural phase transition rather than band gap closure.
Symmetry and size of membrane protein polyhedral nanoparticles
Creators: name: Li, Di
name: Kahraman, Osman
name: Haselwandter, Christoph A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In recent experiments [T. Basta et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 111, 670 (2014)] lipids and membrane proteins were observed to self-assemble into membrane protein polyhedral nanoparticles (MPPNs) with a well-defined polyhedral protein arrangement and characteristic size. We develop a model of MPPN self-assembly in which the preferred symmetry and size of MPPNs emerge from the interplay of protein-induced lipid bilayer deformations, topological defects in protein packing, and thermal effects. With all model parameters determined directly from experiments, our model correctly predicts the observed symmetry and size of MPPNs. Our model suggests how key lipid and protein properties can be modified to produce a range of MPPN symmetries and sizes in experiments.
Analysis of Factors Affecting Employees’ Job Satisfaction in Selected Bureaus of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Moti, Daba
Publisher: name: African Journal of Leadership and Development
Year: 2022

description: In public service institutions, employees’ job satisfaction is a topic of wide interest. Employees who possess high levels of job satisfaction are more productive. However, public services are characterized poorly. The main objective of this study was to assess factors affecting employees’ job satisfaction. The study employed both quantitative and qualitative approaches. The SPSS statistic was used for the descriptive and inferential analysis. The findings indicate high level predictive power for the dependent variable, explaining average responses of greater than or equal to the moderate level. The average mean values of responses also determine the acceptance level of the determinant factors. The coefficient of determination describes the influential power of the determinant factors. The Pearson Correlation Coefficient also describes positive relations and statistically significant between and among the variables. Although the implementation process has brought tangible results, it is not free from some challenges. Lack of feeling of employees in fair amount of pay which hinders the motivation of employees; poor relations between leaders and employees; unattractive working environment; inconsistent type of training with discipline (education background); lack of applying modern technology and weak office lay out which is difficult to the customers as well as the staff themselves are the limitations pinpointed. To enhance employees’ job satisfaction and their competitiveness, the institutions need strengthening the efficiency and effectiveness of contributing factors.
description: African Journal of Leadership and Development, Vol. 7 No. 2 (2022): Job Satisfaction, Organizational Performance and Project Success
Bicollinear Antiferromagnetic Order, Monoclinic Distortion, and Reversed Resistivity Anisotropy in FeTe as a Result of Spin-Lattice Coupling
Creators: name: Bishop, Christopher B.
name: Moreo, Adriana
name: Dagotto, Elbio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The bicollinear antiferromagnetic order experimentally observed in FeTe is shown to be stabilized by the coupling $\tilde g_{12}$ between monoclinic lattice distortions and the spin-nematic order parameter with $B_{\rm 2g}$ symmetry, within a three-orbital spin-fermion model studied with Monte Carlo techniques. A finite but small value of $\tilde g_{12}$ is required, with a concomitant lattice distortion compatible with experiments, and a tetragonal-monoclinic transition strongly first order. Remarkably, the bicollinear state found here displays a planar resistivity with the "reversed" puzzling anisotropy discovered in transport experiments.Orthorhombic distortions are also incorporated and phase diagrams interpolating between pnictides and chalcogenides are presented. We conclude that the spin-lattice coupling discussed here is sufficient to explain the challenging properties of FeTe.
High-resolution HI and CO observations of high-latitude intermediate-velocity clouds
Creators: name: Röhser, T.
name: Kerp, J.
name: Bekhti, N. Ben
name: Winkel, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intermediate-velocity clouds (IVCs) are HI halo clouds that are likely related to a Galactic fountain process. In-falling IVCs are candidates for the re-accretion of matter onto the Milky Way. We study the evolution of IVCs at the disk-halo interface, focussing on the transition from atomic to molecular IVCs. We compare an atomic IVC to a molecular IVC and characterise their structural differences in order to investigate how molecular IVCs form high above the Galactic plane. With high-resolution HI observations of the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope and 12CO(1-0) and 13CO(1-0) observations with the IRAM 30m telescope, we analyse the small-scale structures within the two clouds. By correlating HI and far-infrared (FIR) dust continuum emission from the Planck satellite, the distribution of molecular hydrogen (H2) is estimated. We conduct a detailed comparison of the HI, FIR, and CO data and study variations of the $X_\rm{CO}$ conversion factor. The atomic IVC does not disclose detectable CO emission. The atomic small-scale structure, as revealed by the high-resolution HI data, shows low peak HI column densities and low HI fluxes as compared to the molecular IVC. The molecular IVC exhibits a rich molecular structure and most of the CO emission is observed at the eastern edge of the cloud. There is observational evidence that the molecular IVC is in a transient and, thus, non-equilibrium phase. The average $X_\rm{CO}$ factor is close to the canonical value of the Milky Way disk. We propose that the two IVCs represent different states in a gradual transition from atomic to molecular clouds. The molecular IVC appears to be more condensed allowing the formation of H2 and CO in shielded regions all over the cloud. Ram pressure may accumulate gas and thus facilitate the formation of H2. We show evidence that the atomic IVC will evolve also into a molecular IVC in a few Myr.
description: accepted for publication by A&A
Onasemnogene Abeparvovec: A Review in Spinal Muscular Atrophy
Creators: name: Blair, Hannah A.
Publisher: name: Adis Journals
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine

description: Declarations Funding The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding. Authorship and Conflict of interest Hannah Blair is a salaried employee of Adis International Ltd/Springer Nature, and declares no relevant conflicts of interest. All authors contributed to the review and are responsible for the article content.
 Ethics approval, Consent to participate, Consent to publish, Availability of data and material, Code availability Not applicable.
 Additional information about this Adis Drug Review can be found here.
 Abstract Onasemnogene abeparvovec (Zolgensma®) is a gene therapy approved for the treatment of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Administered as a one-time intravenous infusion, onasemnogene abeparvovec uses the adeno-associated virus vector to deliver a functional copy of the human survival motor neuron (SMN) gene to motor neuron cells. SMN1 encodes survival motor neuron protein, which is responsible for the maintenance and function of motor neurons. In clinical trials, onasemnogene abeparvovec improved event-free survival, motor function and motor milestone outcomes in patients with SMA, with these improvements maintained over the longer term (up to a median of ≈ 5 years). Onasemnogene abeparvovec was also associated with rapid age-appropriate achievement of motor milestones and improvements in motor function in children with pre-symptomatic SMA, indicating the benefit of early treatment. Onasemnogene abeparvovec was generally well-tolerated. Hepatotoxicity is a known risk that can generally be mitigated with prophylactic prednisolone. In conclusion, onasemnogene abeparvovec represents an important treatment option for patients with SMA, particularly when initiated early in the course of the disease. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022
Superintelligence cannot be contained: Lessons from Computability Theory
Creators: name: Alfonseca, Manuel
name: Cebrian, Manuel
name: Anta, Antonio Fernandez
name: Coviello, Lorenzo
name: Abeliuk, Andres
name: Rahwan, Iyad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Superintelligence is a hypothetical agent that possesses intelligence far surpassing that of the brightest and most gifted human minds. In light of recent advances in machine intelligence, a number of scientists, philosophers and technologists have revived the discussion about the potential catastrophic risks entailed by such an entity. In this article, we trace the origins and development of the neo-fear of superintelligence, and some of the major proposals for its containment. We argue that such containment is, in principle, impossible, due to fundamental limits inherent to computing itself. Assuming that a superintelligence will contain a program that includes all the programs that can be executed by a universal Turing machine on input potentially as complex as the state of the world, strict containment requires simulations of such a program, something theoretically (and practically) infeasible.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
On the Dressing Factors, Bethe Equations and Yangian Symmetry of Strings on AdS3 x S3 x T4
Creators: name: Borsato, Riccardo
name: Sax, Olof Ohlsson
name: Sfondrini, Alessandro
name: Stefanski, Bogdan
name: Torrielli, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Integrability is believed to underlie the AdS3/CFT2 correspondence with sixteen supercharges. We elucidate the role of massless modes within this integrable framework. Firstly, we find the dressing factors that enter the massless and mixed-mass worldsheet S matrix. Secondly, we derive a set of all-loop Bethe Equations for the closed strings, determine their symmetries and weak-coupling limit. Thirdly, we investigate the underlying Yangian symmetry in the massless sector and show that it fits into the general framework of Yangian integrability. In addition, we compare our S matrix in the near-relativistic limit with recent perturbative worldsheet calculations of Sundin and Wulff.
description: 69 pages, 12 figures
Experimental observation of optical Weyl points
Creators: name: Noh, Jiho
name: Huang, Sheng
name: Leykam, Daniel
name: Chong, Y. D.
name: Chen, Kevin
name: Rechtsman, Mikael C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weyl fermions are hypothetical two-component massless relativistic particles in three-dimensional (3D) space, proposed by Hermann Weyl in 1929. Their band-crossing points, called 'Weyl points,' carry a topological charge and are therefore highly robust. There has been much excitement over recent observations of Weyl points in microwave photonic crystals and the semimetal TaAs. Here, we report on the first experimental observation of Weyl points of light at optical frequencies. These are also the first observations of 'type-II' Weyl points for photons, which have strictly positive group velocity along one spatial direction. We use a 3D structure consisting of laser-written waveguides, and show the presence of type-II Weyl points by (1) observing conical diffraction along one axis when the frequency is tuned to the Weyl point; and (2) observing the associated Fermi arc surface states. The realization of Weyl points at optical frequencies allow these novel electromagnetic modes to be further explored in the context of linear, nonlinear, and quantum optics.
Ultracold Bosons with cavity-mediated long-range interactions: A local mean field analysis of the phase diagram
Creators: name: Niederle, Astrid E.
name: Morigi, Giovanna
name: Rieger, Heiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultracold bosonic atoms in optical lattices self-organize into a variety of structural and quantum phases when placed into a single-mode cavity and pumped by a laser. Cavity optomechanical effects induce an atom density modulation at the cavity-mode wave length that competes with the optical lattice arrangement. Simultaneously short-range interactions via particle hopping promote superfluid order, such that a variety of structural and quantum coherent phases can occur. We analyze the emerging phase diagram in two dimensions by means of an extended Bose-Hubbard model using a local mean field approach combined with a superfluid cluster analysis. For commensurate ratios of the cavity and external lattice wave lengths the Mott insulator-superfluid transition is modified by the appearance of charge density wave and supersolid phases, at which the atomic density supports the buildup of a cavity field. For incommensurate ratios, the optomechanical forces induce the formation of Bose-glass and superglass phases, namely non-superfluid and superfluid phases, respectively, displaying quasi-periodic density modulations, which in addition can exhibit structural and superfluid stripe formation. The onset of such structures is constrained by the onsite interaction and is favourable at fractional densities. Experimental observables are identified and discussed.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Pseudoscalar mesons in a finite cubic volume with twisted boundary conditions
Creators: name: Colangelo, Gilberto
name: Vaghi, Alessio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of a finite cubic volume with twisted boundary conditions on pseudoscalar mesons. We first apply chiral perturbation theory in the p-regime and calculate the corrections for masses, decay constants, pseudoscalar coupling constants and form factors at next-to-leading order. We show that the Feynman-Hellmann theorem and the relevant Ward-Takahashi identity are satisfied. We then derive asymptotic formulae a la Luscher for twisted boundary conditions. We show that chiral Ward identities for masses and decay constants are satisfied by the asymptotic formulae in finite volume as a consequence of infinite-volume Ward identities. Applying asymptotic formulae in combination with chiral perturbation theory we estimate corrections beyond next-to-leading order for twisted boundary conditions.
description: 70 pages, 15 figures
Dependence of the maximal superconducting current on resonance frequency in shunted Josephson junction
Creators: name: Shukrinov, Yu. M.
name: Rahmonov, I. R.
name: Filatrella, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the phase dynamics and IV-characteristics of shunted Josephson junctions coupled to an $LC$ circuit. When the Josephson frequency $ω_J$ is close to the eigen frequency $ω_{rc}$ of the coupled resonance circuit, the IV-characteristic demonstrates an additional $rc$-branch. We have investigated the features of the $rc$-branch and of the superconducting current component for different values of the resonance frequency. It has been found that the maximal value of the superconducting current depends on the resonance frequency and that it increases when the end point of the $rc$-branch approaches the critical current. The dependence of the maximal superconducting current on the resonance frequency at different values of the dissipation parameter is peculiar, for the optimized maximum appears to be independent of the system parameters within $1\%$.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Radial velocity observations of the 2015 Mar 20 eclipse - A benchmark Rossiter-McLaughlin curve with zero free parameters
Creators: name: Reiners, Ansgar
name: Lemke, Ulrike
name: Bauer, Florian
name: Beeck, Benjamin
name: Huke, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On March 20, 2015, we obtained 159 spectra of the Sun as a star with the solar telescope and the FTS at the Institut für Astrophysik Göttingen, 76 spectra were taken during partial solar eclipse. We obtained RVs using $I_2$ as wavelength reference and determined the RM curve with a peak-to-peak amplitude of almost 1.4 km s$^{-1}$ at typical RV precision better than 1 m s$^{-1}$. We modeled disk-integrated solar RVs using surface velocities, limb darkening, and information about convective blueshift from 3D magneto-hydrodynamic simulations. We confirm that convective blueshift is crucial to understand solar RVs during eclipse. Our best model reproduced the observations to within a relative precision of 10% with residuals less than 30 m s$^{-1}$. We cross-checked parameterizations of velocity fields using a Dopplergram from the Solar Dynamics Observatory and conclude that disk-integration of the Dopplergram does not provide correct information about convective blueshift necessary for m s$^{-1}$ RV work. As main limitation for modeling RVs during eclipses, we identified limited knowledge about convective blueshift and line shape as functions of solar limb angle. We suspect that our model line profiles are too shallow at limb angles larger than $μ= 0.6$ resulting in incorrect weighting of the velocities across the solar disk. Alternative explanations cannot be excluded like suppression of convection in magnetic areas and undiscovered systematics during eclipse observations. Accurate observations of solar line profiles across the solar disk are suggested. We publish our RVs taken during solar eclipse as a benchmark curve for codes calculating the RM effect and for models of solar surface velocities and line profiles.
description: 11 pages plus table, accepted for publication in A&A
Rapidity correlations test stochastic hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Zin, Christopher
name: Gavin, Sean
name: Moschelli, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that measurements of the rapidity dependence of transverse momentum correlations can be used to determine the characteristic time $τ_π$ that dictates the rate of isotropization of the stress energy tensor, as well as the shear viscosity $ν= η/sT$. We formulate methods for computing these correlations using second order dissipative hydrodynamics with noise. Current data are consistent with $τ_π/ν\sim 10$ but targeted measurements can improve this precision.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, Proceedings of Hot Quarks 2016
A Single-Level Tunnel Model to Account for Electrical Transport through Single Molecule- and Self-Assembled Monolayer-based Junctions
Creators: name: Garrigues, Alvar R.
name: Yuan, Li
name: Wang, Lejia
name: Mucciolo, Eduardo R.
name: Thompson, Damien
name: del Barco, Enrique
name: Nijhuis, Christian A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical analysis aimed at understanding electrical conduction in molecular tunnel junctions. We focus on discussing the validity of coherent versus incoherent theoretical formulations for single-level tunneling to explain experimental results obtained under a wide range of experimental conditions, including measurements in individual molecules connecting the leads of electromigrated single-electron transistors and junctions of self-assembled monolayers (SAM) of molecules sandwiched between two macroscopic contacts. We show that the restriction of transport through a single level in solid state junctions (no solvent) makes coherent and incoherent tunneling formalisms indistinguishable when only one level participates in transport. Similar to Marcus relaxation processes in wet electrochemistry, the thermal broadening of the Fermi distribution describing the electronic occupation energies in the electrodes accounts for the exponential dependence of the tunneling current on temperature. We demonstrate that a single-level tunnel model satisfactorily explains experimental results obtained in three different molecular junctions (both single-molecule and SAM-based) formed by ferrocene-based molecules. Among other things, we use the model to map the electrostatic potential profile in EGaIn-based SAM junctions in which the ferrocene unit is placed at different positions within the molecule, and we find that electrical screening gives rise to a strongly non-linear profile across the junction.
description: 49 pages, 9 figures
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Internal Control Practice in the Ethiopia’s Public Universities
Creators: name: Hussien, Abdella
Publisher: name: African Journal of Leadership and Development
Year: 2022

description: In recent times there are a shift from an emphasis on just the presence of internal control to also on the effectiveness of internal controls practice. The main objectives of this study were to evaluate the effectiveness of the internal control practices in selected Ethiopia Public Universities. Semi-structured questions were designed based on standards 17 principles of the internal control framework model of the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), five elements of internal controls: control environment, risk assessment, control activities, information and communication, and monitoring. Primary data was collected from five purposively selected public universities and a total of 100 of their respective administrative and academic employees were used as the study unit. And furthermore, qualitative information from interviews was supplemented with a survey questionnaire the data. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis methods. The result is presented in statistics such as mean, standard deviation, frequency, and percentages. Over all finding of the study reveals that the Effectiveness of Internal control practice is positively and highly correlated with all Elements of the internal control system. Moreover, the result shows, Higher education institutions (HEIs) managing bodies are less than average in proactively responding to changing aspects of HEIs fraud risks, respondents believe HEIs are weak in IT securities control and less effective public university board of directors oversight functions. Thus, the study recommended that the HEIs needs more effective implementation and strengthening the implementation and monitoring of its policies and procedures and establishing risk early –warning and proactive risk assessment to improve its internal control system.
description: African Journal of Leadership and Development, Vol. 7 No. 2 (2022): Job Satisfaction, Organizational Performance and Project Success
The Gaia spectrophotometric standard stars survey - III. Short-term variability monitoring
Creators: name: Marinoni, S.
name: Pancino, E.
name: Altavilla, G.
name: Bellazzini, M.
name: Galleti, S.
name: Tessicini, G.
name: Valentini, G.
name: Cocozza, G.
name: Ragaini, S.
name: Braga, V.
name: Bragaglia, A.
name: Federici, L.
name: Schuster, W. J.
name: Carrasco, J. M.
name: Castro, A.
name: Figueras, F.
name: Jordi, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of the short-term constancy monitoring of candidate Gaia Spectrophotometric Standard Stars (SPSS). We obtained time series of typically 1.24 hour - with sampling periods from 1-3 min to a few hours, depending on the case - to monitor the constancy of our candidate SPSS down to 10 mmag, as required for the calibration of Gaia photometric data. We monitored 162 out of a total of 212 SPSS candidates. The observing campaign started in 2006 and finished in 2015, using 143 observing nights on nine different instruments covering both hemispheres. Using differential photometry techniques, we built light curves with a typical precision of 4 mmag, depending on the data quality. As a result of our constancy assessment, 150 SPSS candidates were validated against short term variability, and only 12 were rejected because of variability including some widely used flux standards such as BD+174708, SA 105-448, 1740346, and HD 37725.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for pubblication (MNRAS)
Measurement of hadron cross sections with the SND detector
Creators: name: Druzhinin, V. P.
name: Achasov, M. N.
name: Barnyakov, A. Yu.
name: Beloborodov, K. I.
name: Berdyugin, A. V.
name: Bogdanchikov, A. G.
name: Botov, A. A.
name: Dimova, T. V.
name: Golubev, V. B.
name: Kardapoltsev, L. V.
name: Kharlamov, A. G.
name: Korol, A. A.
name: Koshuba, S. V.
name: Kovrizhin, D. P.
name: Kupich, A. S.
name: Martin, K. A.
name: Obrazovsky, A. E.
name: Pakhtusova, E. V.
name: Serednyakov, S. I.
name: Shtol, D. A.
name: Silagadze, Z. K.
name: Surin, I. K.
name: Usov, Yu. V.
name: Vasiljev, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New results on exclusive hadron production in $e^+e^-$ annihilation obtained in experiments with the SND detector at the VEPP-2M and VEPP-2000 $e^+e^-$ colliders are presented.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, presented at the 14th International Workshop on Meson Production, Properties and Interaction (MESON 2016), Cracow, Poland, 2nd - 7th June 2016
Super-Activation of Quantum Steering
Creators: name: Quintino, Marco Túlio
name: Huber, Marcus
name: Brunner, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering in the regime where the parties can perform collective measurements on many copies of a given shared entangled state. We derive a simple and efficient condition for guaranteeing that an entangled state is $k$-copy steerable. In particular we show that any two-qubit and qubit-qutrit entangled states is $k$-copy steerable. This allows us to discuss the effect of super-activation of steering, whereby an entangled state that is unsteerable (i.e., admits a local hidden state model) in the one-copy regime becomes $k$-copy steerable. We provide examples with few copies and low dimensions. Our results give evidence that entanglement and steering could become equivalent in the multi-copy regime.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure
The new world atlas of artificial night sky brightness
Creators: name: Falchi, Fabio
name: Cinzano, Pierantonio
name: Duriscoe, Dan
name: Kyba, Christopher C. M.
name: Elvidge, Christopher D.
name: Baugh, Kimberly
name: Portnov, Boris A.
name: Rybnikova, Nataliya A.
name: Furgoni, Riccardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Artificial lights raise night sky luminance, creating the most visible effect of light pollution-artificial skyglow. Despite the increasing interest among scientists in fields such as ecology, astronomy, health care, and land-use planning, light pollution lacks a current quantification of its magnitude on a global scale. To overcome this, we present the world atlas of artificial sky luminance, computed with our light pollution propagation software using new high-resolution satellite data and new precision sky brightness measurements. This atlas shows that more than 80% of the world and more than 99% of the U.S. and European populations live under light-polluted skies. The Milky Way is hidden from more than one-third of humanity, including 60% of Europeans and nearly 80% of North Americans. Moreover, 23% of the world's land surfaces between 75°N and 60°S, 88% of Europe, and almost half of the United States experience light-polluted nights.
description: 26 pages, 19 figures, 3 tables
GUTzilla Dark Matter
Creators: name: Harigaya, Keisuke
name: Lin, Tongyan
name: Lou, Hou Keong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by gauge coupling unification and dark matter, we present an extension to the Standard Model where both are achieved by adding an extra new matter multiplet. Such considerations lead to a Grand Unified Theory with very heavy WIMPzilla dark matter, which has mass greater than ~10^7 GeV and must be produced before reheating ends. Naturally, we refer to this scenario as GUTzilla dark matter. Here we present a minimal GUTzilla model, adding a vector-like quark multiplet to the Standard Model. Proton decay constraints require the new multiplet to be both color and electroweak charged, which prompts us to include a new confining SU(3) gauge group that binds the multiplet into a neutral composite dark matter candidate. Current direct detection constraints are evaded due to the large dark matter mass; meanwhile, next-generation direct detection and proton decay experiments will probe much of the parameter space. The relic abundance is strongly dependent on the dynamics of the hidden confining sector, and we show that dark matter production during the epoch of reheating can give the right abundance.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures
Interactive Removal and Ground Truth for Difficult Shadow Scenes
Creators: name: Gong, Han
name: Cosker, Darren P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A user-centric method for fast, interactive, robust and high-quality shadow removal is presented. Our algorithm can perform detection and removal in a range of difficult cases: such as highly textured and colored shadows. To perform detection an on-the-fly learning approach is adopted guided by two rough user inputs for the pixels of the shadow and the lit area. After detection, shadow removal is performed by registering the penumbra to a normalized frame which allows us efficient estimation of non-uniform shadow illumination changes, resulting in accurate and robust removal. Another major contribution of this work is the first validated and multi-scene category ground truth for shadow removal algorithms. This data set containing 186 images eliminates inconsistencies between shadow and shadow-free images and provides a range of different shadow types such as soft, textured, colored and broken shadow. Using this data, the most thorough comparison of state-of-the-art shadow removal methods to date is performed, showing our proposed new algorithm to outperform the state-of-the-art across several measures and shadow category. To complement our dataset, an online shadow removal benchmark website is also presented to encourage future open comparisons in this challenging field of research.
description: Accepted by JOSA A
Quantum entanglement of angular momentum states with quantum numbers up to 10010
Creators: name: Fickler, Robert
name: Campbell, Geoff T.
name: Buchler, Ben C.
name: Lam, Ping Koy
name: Zeilinger, Anton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photons with a twisted phase front carry a quantized amount of orbital angular momentum (OAM) and have become important in various fields of optics, such as quantum and classical information science or optical tweezers. Because no upper limit on the OAM content per photon is known, they are also interesting systems to experimentally challenge quantum mechanical prediction for high quantum numbers. Here, we take advantage of a recently developed technique to imprint unprecedented high values of OAM, namely spiral phase mirrors (SPM), to generate photons with more than 10,000 quanta of OAM. Moreover, we demonstrate quantum entanglement between these large OAM quanta of one photon and the polarization of its partner photon. To our knowledge, this corresponds to entanglement with the largest quantum number that has been demonstrated in an experiment. The results may also open novel ways to couple single photons to massive objects, enhance angular resolution and highlight OAM as a promising way to increase the information capacity of a single photon.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures plus supplementary information (3 pages, 1 figure)
Interpolatory methods for $\mathcal{H}_\infty$ model reduction of multi-input/multi-output systems
Creators: name: Castagnotto, Alessandro
name: Beattie, Christopher
name: Gugercin, Serkan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We develop here a computationally effective approach for producing high-quality $\mathcal{H}_\infty$-approximations to large scale linear dynamical systems having multiple inputs and multiple outputs (MIMO). We extend an approach for $\mathcal{H}_\infty$ model reduction introduced by Flagg, Beattie, and Gugercin for the single-input/single-output (SISO) setting, which combined ideas originating in interpolatory $\mathcal{H}_2$-optimal model reduction with complex Chebyshev approximation. Retaining this framework, our approach to the MIMO problem has its principal computational cost dominated by (sparse) linear solves, and so it can remain an effective strategy in many large-scale settings. We are able to avoid computationally demanding $\mathcal{H}_\infty$ norm calculations that are normally required to monitor progress within each optimization cycle through the use of "data-driven" rational approximations that are built upon previously computed function samples. Numerical examples are included that illustrate our approach. We produce high fidelity reduced models having consistently better $\mathcal{H}_\infty$ performance than models produced via balanced truncation; these models often are as good as (and occasionally better than) models produced using optimal Hankel norm approximation as well. In all cases considered, the method described here produces reduced models at far lower cost than is possible with either balanced truncation or optimal Hankel norm approximation.