cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
South Africa's Rural Livelihood Dynamics
Creators: name: Partridge, A.
name: Daniels, R.
name: Kekana, D.
name: Musundwa, S.
name: Partridge, A.
name: Daniels, R.
name: Kekana, D.
name: Musundwa, S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: This paper discusses the changing profile of rural livelihoods in South Africa using the National Income Dynamics Study Waves 1 - 3. The rural sector is undergoing compositional change, with the literature suggesting a phenomenon of de-agrarianisation taking place as households are choosing to move away from agriculture as their main livelihood source. This concept, and others, are interrogated by constructing a panel and looking at the movement of individuals into and out of various states over the period 2008-2012. This is a crucial period for South Africa following fourteen years of policy changes since entering democracy and thus being at the beginning of a period where the country starts setting its path for the future. The analysis finds support for the notion of deagrarianisation, most prominently through the movement of individuals away from agriculture in rural labour markets and the decision by households to cease farming activities outside of formal employment. Rural-urban migration to find work was another identified livelihood strategy, although in South Africa there is also a simultaneous significant, albeit lesser, movement of individuals in the opposite direction. Grants were also shown to have become more prominent for rural livelihoods over the study period. Key words: agriculture, food security, migration, employment, rural development JEL codes: N57, N97, Q18, R11, R12, R23
Oscillations of Faster than Light Majorana Neutrinos: A Causal Field Theory
Creators: name: Chang, Ngee-Pong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we carry out the canonical quantization of the field theory of an interacting tachyonic Majorana neutrino. We show how micro-causality is preserved in the physical scattering matrix elements between the in and out vacua. The phenomenology of this radical proposal is nevertheless compatible with normal timelike oscillations.
description: 12 pages, no figures
Spatially Inhomogeneous Competition between Superconductivity and the Charge Density Wave in YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6.67}$
Creators: name: Choi, J.
name: Ivashko, O.
name: Blackburn, E.
name: Liang, R.
name: Bonn, D. A.
name: Hardy, W. N.
name: Holmes, A. T.
name: Christensen, N. B.
name: Hücker, M.
name: Gerber, S.
name: Gutowski, O.
name: Rütt, U.
name: Zimmermann, M. v.
name: Forgan, E. M.
name: Hayden, S. M.
name: Chang, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The charge density wave in the high-temperature superconductor YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{7-x}$ (YBCO) is now known to have two different ordering tendencies differentiated by their $c$-axis correlations. These correspond to ferro- (F-CDW) and antiferro- (AF-CDW) couplings between CDW in neighbouring CuO$_2$ bilayers. This discovery has prompted a number of fundamental questions. For example, how does superconductivity adjust to two competing orders and are either of these orders responsible for the electronic reconstruction? Here we use high-energy x-ray diffraction to study YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6.67}$ as a function of magnetic field and temperature. We show that regions of the sample with F-CDW correlations suppress superconductivity more strongly than those with AF-CDW correlations. This implies that an inhomogeneous superconducting state exists, in which some regions show a weak or fragile form of superconductivity. By comparison of F-CDW and AF-CDW correlation lengths, it is furthermore concluded that F-CDW ordering is sufficiently long-range to modify the electronic structure. Our study thus suggests that F-CDW correlations have an important impact on superconducting and normal state properties of underdoped YBCO.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, and supplementary information
Scaling in the Lattice Gas Model
Creators: name: Gulminelli, F.
name: Chomaz, Ph.
name: Bruno, M.
name: D'Agostino, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A good quality scaling of the cluster size distributions is obtained for the Lattice Gas Model using the Fisher's ansatz for the scaling function. This scaling identifies a pseudo-critical line in the phase diagram of the model that spans the whole (subcritical to supercritical) density range. The independent cluster hypothesis of the Fisher approach is shown to describe correctly the thermodynamics of the lattice only far away from the critical point.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Viral coinfection analysis using a MinHash toolkit
Creators: name: Dawson, Eric T.
name: Wagner, Sarah
name: Roberson, David
name: Yeager, Meredith
name: Boland, Joseph
name: Garrison, Erik
name: Chanock, Stephen
name: Schiffman, Mark
name: Raine-Bennett, Tina
name: Lorey, Thomas
name: Castle, Phillip E.
name: Mirabello, Lisa
name: Durbin, Richard
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Software
subject: Sequence analysis (methods)
subject: HPV
subject: Human papillomavirus
subject: MinHash
subject: Kmers
subject: Coinfection
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Abstract: Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted infection associated with cervical cancer that frequently occurs as a coinfection of types and subtypes. Highly similar sublineages that show over 100-fold differences in cancer risk are not distinguishable in coinfections with current typing methods. Results: We describe an efficient set of computational tools, rkmh, for analyzing complex mixed infections of related viruses based on sequence data. rkmh makes extensive use of MinHash similarity measures, and includes utilities for removing host DNA and classifying reads by type, lineage, and sublineage. We show that rkmh is capable of assigning reads to their HPV type as well as HPV16 lineage and sublineages. Conclusions: Accurate read classification enables estimates of percent composition when there are multiple infecting lineages or sublineages. While we demonstrate rkmh for HPV with multiple sequencing technologies, it is also applicable to other mixtures of related sequences.
Probabilistic Noise2Void: Unsupervised Content-Aware Denoising
Creators: name: Krull, Alexander
name: Vicar, Tomas
name: Jug, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Today, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are the leading method for image denoising. They are traditionally trained on pairs of images, which are often hard to obtain for practical applications. This motivates self-supervised training methods such as Noise2Void~(N2V) that operate on single noisy images. Self-supervised methods are, unfortunately, not competitive with models trained on image pairs. Here, we present 'Probabilistic Noise2Void' (PN2V), a method to train CNNs to predict per-pixel intensity distributions. Combining these with a suitable description of the noise, we obtain a complete probabilistic model for the noisy observations and true signal in every pixel. We evaluate PN2V on publicly available microscopy datasets, under a broad range of noise regimes, and achieve competitive results with respect to supervised state-of-the-art methods.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
The role of patient and public involvement leads in facilitating feedback: “invisible work”
Creators: name: Mathie, Elspeth
name: Smeeton, Nigel
name: Munday, Diane
name: Rhodes, Graham
name: Wythe, Helena
name: Jones, Julia
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Research Article
Patient and public involvement
Feedback
Public involvement lead
Mixed methods

description: Abstract: Background: Health research in the UK requires patients, those with lived experience and members of the public to be involved in designing and shaping research: many of them have reported that their comments and suggestions are not always acknowledged, and they do not know if their input has been used or is useful. The benefits of feedback from researchers not only create motivation for further involvement but aids learning and development, as well as recording impact. The aims of this study were to improve the feedback experience of Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) contributors. Co-produced feedback processes were designed and implemented in order to change feedback from researchers to PPI contributors in six PPI groups in England. Methods: An explanatory mixed methods sequential study design was utilised with a comparative questionnaire survey (administered 20 months apart), interviews and a focus group with PPI leads, researchers and PPI contributors. Patient and Public Involvement contributors were involved from initial idea, study design, data analysis through to dissemination. Results: Co-designed feedback processes were introduced in five of the six PPI groups and there was an overall increase in the frequency of feedback over the period studied. The enablers and barriers to implementing feedback processes were identified, which included the importance of wider institutional level support. PPI leads need to have dedicated time and acknowledge feedback as part of their role. The importance of individual feedback processes designed by, and for each PPI group, rather than a generic one, was also identified as key to successful implementation. Conclusion: The role of the PPI lead is an important facilitator in improving feedback but can easily be overlooked and has been described as invisible. PPI leads can perform an essential bridging role between researchers and members of the public. This study has shown that PPI feedback processes can be implemented if they are part of embedded PPI with explicit expectations, facilitated by a dedicated PPI lead role with sufficient support and resources. The findings have implications beyond this particular study, particularly for those involved in undertaking and funding health and social care research.
Assessment of beef cattle development schemes on farm performance in Bali
Creators: name: Ambarawati, I Gusti Agung Ayu
name: Griffith, Garry R.
name: Chang, Hui-Shung (Christie)
name: Ambarawati, I Gusti Agung Ayu
name: Griffith, Garry R.
name: Chang, Hui-Shung (Christie)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: beef cattle development
subject: policies
subject: gross margin assessment

description: Beef production in Bali is dominated by smallholders. Three different beef cattle development schemes have been introduced to encourage beef production, including the Beef NES scheme, the Food Safety Credit and the Food Safety Project. They differ in profit and cost sharing arrangements. The Beef NES scheme is conducted under a contract farming system between farmers and finance providers. The Food Safety Credit scheme provides subsidised credit to farmers, while the last scheme is a cooperative-type of arrangement under a Bali government grant. A gross margin analysis of these schemes is conducted to compare profitability of the schemes. The results show that the Food Safety Project provides the highest gross margin to farmer participants and can potentially improve the quality of Bali beef.
Production Cross sections of 190-193Au Radioisotopes Produced From 11B+ natW Reactions Upto 63 MeV Projectile Energy
Creators: name: Choudhury, Dibyasree
name: Lahiri, Susanta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper reports a new route for production of 190-193Au radionuclides from natW target. For the first time the production cross section of 11B induced reactions on tungsten for production of 190-193Au were measured up to 63 MeV boron energy. High cross section was observed for 190,192Au at the highest energy where as 191,193Au showed moderate cross section values. The experimentally obtained cross sections were compared with the predictions of the PACE4 and EMPIRE3.2.2 code.
The Inclusive Jet Cross Section in ppbar Collisions at sqrt{s}=1.8 TeV using the kT Algorithm
Creators: name: D0 Collaboration
name: Abazov, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The central inclusive jet cross section has been measured using a successive-combination algorithm for reconstruction of jets. The measurement uses 87.3 pb^{-1} of data collected with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron ppbar Collider during 1994-1995. The cross section, reported as a function of transverse momentum (pT>60 GeV) in the central region of pseudorapidity (|η|<0.5), exhibits reasonable agreement with next-to-leading order QCD predictions, except at low pT where the agreement is marginal.
description: Accepted for publication in PLB. Four figures
What Determines Adoption of Fertilizers among Rice-Producing Households in Northern Ghana?
Creators: name: Wiredu, Alexander Nimo
name: Zeller, Manfred
name: Diagne, Aliou
name: Wiredu, Alexander Nimo
name: Zeller, Manfred
name: Diagne, Aliou
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: fertilizer
subject: adoption
subject: Cragg’s model
subject: Ghana

description: Fertilizers remain important in global food production, yet fertilizer application rates in sub-Saharan Africa are far below global average. This study examines determinants of adoption of fertilizers in general and an important fertilizer combination among 820 rice-producing households in northern Ghana. Overall, nearly 67% of rice-producing households use fertilizer. The combination of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK), and ammonium (NH4) fertilizers is the most popular with about 44% adoption incidence rate. Results from Cragg’s two-step regression models show that different sets of factors affect the probability and intensity of adoption. The sets of factors also vary when fertilizer adoption in general is compared to the combination of NPK and NH4 fertilizers. The decisions also vary when whole farm operation is compared to specific farm enterprise. The factors that are found to be important in determining adoption include participation in a fertilizer subsidy program and expectation about yields. Good agricultural practices including, drilling of seeds, and harrowing of fields are also shown to be important determinants of fertilizer adoption. Effective adoption of the combination of NPK and NH4 fertilizers in particular can be achieved by enhancing access to information that will expose farm households to the benefits of these practices and also of complementary technologies such as improved seeds.
On the possibility of a very light A^0 at low \tanβ
Creators: name: Akeroyd, A. G.
name: Baek, S.
name: Cho, Gi-Chol
name: Hagiwara, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The searches at LEP II for the processes e^+e^-\to h^0Z and e^+e^-\to h^0A^0 in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) fail to exclude regions of the m_h,m_A plane where \tanβ<1, thus allowing a very light A^0 (m_A< 20 GeV). Such a parameter choice would predict a light H^\pm with m_{H^\pm}< m_W. Although the potentially large branching ratio for H^\pm \to A^0 W^* would ensure that H^\pm also escaped detection in direct searches at LEP II and the Tevatron Run I, we show that this elusive parameter space is overwhelmingly disfavoured by electroweak precision measurements.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures, Revtex, references added, minor additions to text
Leucothoe banwarthii
Creators: name: White, Kristine N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Ericales
Ericaceae
Leucothoe
Leucothoe banwarthii

description: Leucothoe banwarthii (Schellenberg, 1928)
 Leucothoella banwarthii Schellenberg, 1928: 638–640, fig. 199. — Monod, 1937: 13. —K.H. Barnard, 1937: 153. — Schellenberg, 1938a: 26. —J.L. Barnard, 1965: 492, fig. 7. — Ledoyer, 1967a: 127, fig. 5a. — Ruffo, 1969: 11–12. — Olerod, 1970: 370–372, figs 23–33. — Ledoyer, 1972: 250. — Ledoyer, 1978a: 300. — Ledoyer, 1979a: 111, fig. 68I. — Myers, 1985: 94– 96, figs 74, 75. — Ledoyer, 1986: 680–682, fig. 262. — Ortiz & Lalana, 1997: 108.
 Type locality and specimens. Toussoum. Holotype, female, 3.8 mm.
 Material examined. No material available for examination. Diagnosis based on description by Schellenberg (1928) and Barnard (1965).
 Diagnosis. Coxae 1–4 anterodistally acute; coxa 1 with serrate anterior and distal margins; coxa 2 with serrate anterior margin. Pereopods 5–7 bases extremely narrow.
 Female (sexually dimorphic characters). No significant sexually dimorphic character.
 Habitat. Among Halimeda and grass beds; 1–43 m.
 Host. Sponges.
 Distribution. Red Sea: Suez (Schellenberg 1928; K.H. Barnard 1937; Ruffo 1969; Olerod 1970). Pacific Ocean: Philippines, Fiji Islands (Schellenberg 1938; J.L. Barnard 1965a; Olerod 1970; Myers 1985c). Indian Ocean: Madagascar (Ledoyer 1972; Ledoyer 1978; Ledoyer 1979a; Ledoyer 1986).
description: Published as part of White, Kristine N., 2011, A taxonomic review of the Leucothoidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda) 3078, pp. 1-113 in Zootaxa 3078 (1) on page 44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3078.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5243821
FTO_Table_S9.xlsx
Creators: name: Gill, Richard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60408 Genomics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplemental Table S9 for manuscript "Functional Genomic Characterization of the Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated (FTO) Locus in African Americans"
Representations of the Heisenberg algebra on holomorphic functions and Krein structures
Creators: name: Mnatsakanova, M.
name: Morchio, G.
name: Strocchi, F.
name: Vernov, Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22E70; 30D15; 81R05

description: Representations of CCR algebras in spaces of entire functions are classified on the basis of isomorphisms between the Heisenberg CCR algebra A_H and star algebras of holomorphic operators. To each representations of such algebras, satisfying a regularity and a reality condition, one can associate isomorphisms and inner products so that they become Krein star representations of A_H, with the gauge transformations implemented by a continuous U(1) group of Krein isometries. Conversely, any holomorphic Krein representation of A_H, having the gauge transformations implemented as before and no null subrepresentation, is shown to be contained in a direct sum of the above representations. The analysis is extended to infinite dimensional CCR algebras, under a spectral condition for the implementers of the gauge transformations.
description: LateX, with additional results, especially on the infinite dimensional case
English Collocations with Afghanistanian Persian Dialect Equivalents: A Comparative Study
Creators: name: Sakhidad Sangeen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Education

description: This study investigates the English collocations with Afghanistan Persian dialect equivalents words in the Afghanistanian context. This study aims to bring out the variations between English and Afghanistanian Persian dialect to analyze weather the collocational differences in English and Afghanistanian Persian dialect may create any problem of inaccurate production for the L1 learners of English as ESL or not. Both qualitative and quantitative methods are adopted in this study, mainly to concentrate on the function of diverse kinds of collocations in the verbal speech of 25 postgraduate Afghanistanian students. With the target of recognizing, classifying, and accountancy for the incongruous collocations produced, these selected students have been assessed through two tests; proficiency and a multiple-choice test. The results of this study showed that a considerable variation between English lexical collocational patterns and their restrictions with their Persian correspondence. The study suggests the quality of ESL teaching, an extensive ESL teacher training program, and the ESL syllabus should consider texts based on the collocation phenomenon in ESL teaching.
Constructive Approach of the Solution of Riemann Problem for Shallow Water Equations with Topography and Vegetation
Creators: name: Ion, Stelian
name: Marinescu, Dorin
name: Cruceanu, Stefan-Gicu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35L02, 35L67, 35Q92

description: We investigate the Riemann Problem for a shallow water model with porosity and terrain data. Based on recent results on the local existence, we build the solution in the large settings (the magnitude of the jump in the initial data is not supposed to be ``small enough''). One difficulty for the extended solution arises from the double degeneracy of the hyperbolic system describing the model. Another difficulty is given by the fact that the construction of the solution assumes solving an equation which has no global solution. Finally, we present some cases to illustrate the existence and non-existence of the solution.
description: This work was partially supported by a grant of the Ministry of Research and Innovation, CCCDI-UEFISCDI, project number PN-III-P1-1.2-PCCDI-2017-0721/34PCCDI/2018, within PNCDI III
Leucothoe barana Thomas & Klebba 2007
Creators: name: White, Kristine N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Ericales
Ericaceae
Leucothoe
Leucothoe barana

description: Leucothoe barana Thomas & Klebba, 2007
 Leucothoe barana Thomas & Klebba, 2007: 5–10, figs 1–3. — White, 2011: 27, 28, fig. 4.
 Type locality and specimens. Pelican Cays, Co Cat Cay, Belize, 16°39.527'N 88°12.032'W. Holotype, male, 10.17 mm, YPM 38640; paratype, female, 8.27 mm, YPM 38641.
 Material examined. Unmeasured males and females, YPM 38640, YPM 38641, YPM 38642. Diagnosis based on description by Thomas & Klebba (2007).
 Diagnosis. Anterodistal head margin with sharp projection. Ventral keel with sharp projection. Maxilliped inner plate with conate setae. Coxae 1–4 with serrate anterior and distal margins. Gnathopod 2 propodus with secondary mediofacial setal row of nine setae. Pereopods 5–7 bases narrowly expanded.
 Female (sexually dimorphic characters). Gnathopod 2 propodus palm with slight projections.
 Habitat. Coral reefs; 1–15 m.
 Host. Sponges: Amphimedon compressa, Niphates erecta, and Spheciospongia vesparium (Lamarck, 1814).
 Distribution. Western Atlantic Ocean: Florida Keys (Thomas & Klebba 2007). Caribbean Sea: Belize (Thomas & Klebba 2007), Panama (White 2011).
description: Published as part of White, Kristine N., 2011, A taxonomic review of the Leucothoidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda) 3078, pp. 1-113 in Zootaxa 3078 (1) on page 44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3078.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5243821
Additional file 2 of Boosting genome editing efficiency in human cells and plants with novel LbCas12a variants
Creators: name: Zhang, Liyang
name: Li, Gen
name: Zhang, Yingxiao
name: Cheng, Yanhao
name: Roberts, Nathaniel
name: Glenn, Steve E.
name: DeZwaan-McCabe, Diane
name: Rube, H. Tomas
name: Manthey, Jeff
name: Coleman, Gary
name: Vakulskas, Christopher A.
name: Qi, Yiping
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Positive mutations identified in the LbCas12a saturation screen. Table S2. T-DNA vectors used in this study. Table S3. Oligos used in this study.
LC3-positive structures are prominent in autophagy-deficient cells
Creators: name: Runwal, Gautam
name: Stamatakou, Eleanna
name: Siddiqi, Farah H.
name: Puri, Claudia
name: Zhu, Ye
name: Rubinsztein, David C.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Article
/631/2373
/631/80/39/2346
/13
/13/1
/14
/14/19
article

description: Abstract: Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process across eukaryotes that degrades cargoes like aggregate-prone proteins, pathogens, damaged organelles and macromolecules via delivery to lysosomes. The process involves the formation of double-membraned autophagosomes that engulf the cargoes destined for degradation, sometimes with the help of autophagy receptors like p62, which are themselves autophagy substrates. LC3-II, a standard marker for autophagosomes, is generated by the conjugation of cytosolic LC3-I to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) on the surface of nascent autophagosomes. As LC3-II is relatively specifically associated with autophagosomes and autolysosomes (in the absence of conditions stimulating LC3-associated phagocytosis), quantification of LC3-positive puncta is considered as a gold-standard assay for assessing the numbers of autophagosomes in cells. Here we find that the endogenous LC3-positive puncta become larger in cells where autophagosome formation is abrogated, and are prominent even when LC3-II is not formed. This occurs even with transient and incomplete inhibition of autophagosome biogenesis. This phenomenon is due to LC3-I sequestration to p62 aggregates, which accumulate when autophagy is impaired. This observation questions the reliability of LC3-immunofluorescence assays in cells with compromised autophagy.
B --> pi l nu Decay and |V_{ub}|
Creators: name: Wang, Wen-Yu
name: Wu, Yue-Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: B --> pi l nu decay is studied in the effective theory of heavy quark with infinite mass limit. The leading order heavy flavor-spin independent universal wave functions which parametrize the relevant matrix elements are evaluated via light cone sum rule method in the effective theory. The important quark mixing matrix element |V_{ub}| is then extracted via B --> pi l nu decay mode.
description: 10 pages, ReVtex, 7 figures, corrected a mistyped factor 1/2
Space-time evolution of ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions and hadronic spectra
Creators: name: Patra, B. K.
name: Alam, Jan-e
name: Roy, Pradip
name: Sarkar, Sourav
name: Sinha, Bikash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The space-time evolution of the hot and dense matter formed after the collisions of heavy nuclei at ultra-relativistic energies is investigated using (3+1) dimensional hydrodynamical models. The effects of the spectral shift of the hadronic properties are incorporated in the equation of state (EOS) of the evolving matter. In-medium shift of hadronic properties are considered for Quantum Hadrodynamics (QHD) and universal scaling scenarios. It is found that the EOS for the hadronic matter for universal scaling of hadronic masses (except pseudoscalar mesons) is similar to the recent lattice results. We observe that the space-time volume of the hadronic matter at the freeze-out is considerably different from the one when medium effects on the hadrons are ignored. The sensitivity of the results on the initial radial velocity profile is investigated. The transverse mass spectra of pions and protons of NA49 collaboration are analyzed.
description: Total 17 pages with 18 figures
Explaining Marketing Strategies among Bolivian Potato Farmers
Creators: name: Larochelle, Catherine
name: Alwang, Jeffrey
name: Larochelle, Catherine
name: Alwang, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Development
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: market participation
subject: volume sold
subject: marketing strategy
subject: potato
subject: Bolivia

description: Improving market access and promoting participation in more lucrative markets among semi-subsistence farming households is crucial for poverty alleviation. This paper analyzes joint decisions about market participation and market choices among Bolivian potato farmers. First, stochastic dominance analysis is used to identify market choices that have high pay-off and limited risk; these are referred to as optimal marketing strategies. Second, a system of equations is estimated to identify factors contributing or restricting market entry, volume sold, and adoption of optimal market-ing strategies. Proportional and fixed transaction costs reduce income-generating opportunities associated with markets for all three dimensions considered in this study. Our analysis also suggests the possible existence of poverty traps since fetching higher price requires liquidity and high volume, while land and farm equipment are needed to achieve necessary volumes of production.
Accessing unexplored regions of sequence space in directed enzyme evolution via insertion/deletion mutagenesis
Creators: name: Emond, Stephane
name: Petek, Maya
name: Kay, Emily J.
name: Heames, Brennen
name: Devenish, Sean R. A.
name: Tokuriki, Nobuhiko
name: Hollfelder, Florian
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
/631/45/612
/631/61/338/469
/631/61/338/552
/49
/9
/49/23
article

description: Abstract: Insertions and deletions (InDels) are frequently observed in natural protein evolution, yet their potential remains untapped in laboratory evolution. Here we introduce a transposon-based mutagenesis approach (TRIAD) to generate libraries of random variants with short in-frame InDels, and screen TRIAD libraries to evolve a promiscuous arylesterase activity in a phosphotriesterase. The evolution exhibits features that differ from previous point mutagenesis campaigns: while the average activity of TRIAD variants is more compromised, a larger proportion has successfully adapted for the activity. Different functional profiles emerge: (i) both strong and weak trade-off between activities are observed; (ii) trade-off is more severe (20- to 35-fold increased kcat/KM in arylesterase with 60-400-fold decreases in phosphotriesterase activity) and (iii) improvements are present in kcat rather than just in KM, suggesting adaptive solutions. These distinct features make TRIAD an alternative to widely used point mutagenesis, accessing functional innovations and traversing unexplored fitness landscape regions.
Magnetically induced/enhanced coarsening in thin films
Creators: name: Backofen, Rainer
name: Voigt, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: External magnetic fields influence the microstructure of polycrystalline materials. We explore the influence of strong external magnetic fields on the long time scaling of grain size during coarsening in thin films with an extended phase-field-crystal model. Additionally, the change of various geometrical and topological properties is studied. In a situation which leads to stagnation, an applied external magnetic field can induce further grain growth. The induced driving force due to the magnetic anisotropy defines the magnetic influence of the external magnetic field. Different scaling regimes are identified dependent on the magnetization. At the beginning, the scaling exponent increases with the strength of the magnetization. Later, when the texture becomes dominated by grains preferably aligned with the external magnetic field, the scaling exponent becomes independent of the strength of the magnetization or stagnation occurs. We discuss how the magnetic influence change the effect of retarding or pinning forces, which are known to influence the scaling exponent. We further study the influence of the magnetic field on the grain size distribution (GSD), next neighbor distribution (NND) as well as grain shape and orientation. If possible, we compare our predictions with experimental findings.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures (final version)
Determination of the strangeness content of light-flavour isoscalars from their production rates in hadronic Z decays at LEP
Creators: name: Uvarov, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new phenomenological approach is suggested for determining the strangeness content of light-flavour isoscalars. This approach is based on phenomenological laws of hadron production related to the spin, isospin, strangeness content and mass of the particles. From the total production rates per hadronic Z decay of all light-flavour hadrons, measured so far at LEP, the values of the nonstrange-strange mixing angles are found to be |ϕ_P| = 42.3^{\circ} \pm 3.5^{\circ}, |ϕ_V| = 10^{\circ} \pm 8^{\circ}, |ϕ_T| = 16^{\circ} \pm 11^{\circ} and |ϕ_S| = 13^{\circ} \pm 9^{\circ}. Our results on the η-η^{\prime}, ω-ϕand f_2-f_2^{\prime} isoscalar mixing are consistent with the present experimental evidence. The strangeness content obtained for the f_0(980) scalar/isoscalar is not consistent with the values supported by recent model studies and is discussed further in the framework of our approach and the K-matrix analysis.
description: Talk given at the 9th International Conference on Hadron Spectroscopy (Protvino, 2001), 4 pages with 2 figures
U susret izborima u SANU
Creators: name: Marjanović, Milosav
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: SANU
obrazovanje
matematika
savremena matematika
Akademija

description: Akademik Marjanović (1931) je 07.01.2012. poslao ograničenom broju akademika svoj tekst "U susret izborima u SANU". Ovaj esej nije izgubio ni trunku aktuelnosti sve do danas. Nažalost, tekst je kružio u relativno uskom krugu ljudi iz prirodnih nauka, koji najčešće malo vremena provode i nedovoljno se udubljuju u literaturu van struke, pa je šira intelektualna publika bila uskraćena za zadovoljstvo da ga pročita. Do mene je tekst došao direktno od akademika Marjanovića, tek negde krajem 2019. kada sam, u vezi jedne teme koja nas obojicu zanimala u to vreme (budućnost obrazovanja i Četvrta svetska konferencija o budućnosti obrazovanja koja se tada odvijala u SANU), stupio u interesantnu prepisku sa njim. Akademik Marjanović mi je dozvolio da objavim ovaj esej u njegovoj prvobitnoj formi i zamolio me je da napomenem da je do objavljivanja došlo na moju inicijativu. Filip Rake Vukajlović, naučni savetnik Instituta "Vinča" u penziji 21.05.2021. godine
Color-SU(3)-Ginzburg-Landau Effective Potential for Order Parameter with ${\bf 3} \times {\bf 3}$ Symmetry
Creators: name: Nakano, E.
name: Suzuki, T.
name: Yabu, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ginzburg-Landau effective potential is studied for the order parameter that transforms in the $(3,3)$ representation under the color SU(3) group. All the SU(3) terms to the fourth-order of the order parameter are classified and the effective potential is constructed in its most general form. The conditions which stabilize the condensed phases are also obtained. As simple applications, the classification of the condensed phase is discussed in some special cases and the Higgs phenomenon associated with symmetry breaking is studied by introducing a coupling to the gauge boson.
description: 23pages, 9figures, 2tables
Structure of the DOCK2−ELMO1 complex provides insights into regulation of the auto-inhibited state
Creators: name: Chang, Leifu
name: Yang, Jing
name: Jo, Chang Hwa
name: Boland, Andreas
name: Zhang, Ziguo
name: McLaughlin, Stephen H.
name: Abu-Thuraia, Afnan
name: Killoran, Ryan C.
name: Smith, Matthew J.
name: Côté, Jean-Francois
name: Barford, David
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
/631/45
/631/45/603
/631/45/612
/631/80
/631/80/79
/101
/101/28
/9
/82/83
article

description: Funder: Gouvernement du Canada | Instituts de Recherche en Santé du Canada | CIHR Skin Research Training Centre (Skin Research Training Centre); doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100007202
description: Funder: Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology); doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100002790
description: Abstract: DOCK (dedicator of cytokinesis) proteins are multidomain guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for RHO GTPases that regulate intracellular actin dynamics. DOCK proteins share catalytic (DOCKDHR2) and membrane-associated (DOCKDHR1) domains. The structurally-related DOCK1 and DOCK2 GEFs are specific for RAC, and require ELMO (engulfment and cell motility) proteins for function. The N-terminal RAS-binding domain (RBD) of ELMO (ELMORBD) interacts with RHOG to modulate DOCK1/2 activity. Here, we determine the cryo-EM structures of DOCK2−ELMO1 alone, and as a ternary complex with RAC1, together with the crystal structure of a RHOG−ELMO2RBD complex. The binary DOCK2−ELMO1 complex adopts a closed, auto-inhibited conformation. Relief of auto-inhibition to an active, open state, due to a conformational change of the ELMO1 subunit, exposes binding sites for RAC1 on DOCK2DHR2, and RHOG and BAI GPCRs on ELMO1. Our structure explains how up-stream effectors, including DOCK2 and ELMO1 phosphorylation, destabilise the auto-inhibited state to promote an active GEF.
Investigation and Research on the Living Status and Professional Development of Biology Teachers in Southern Henan and Their Development Strategies
Creators: name: Peng, Bo
name: Xu, Xiao-Jie
name: Nong-Yi Zheng
name: Peng, Feng
name: Sun, Xue-Zhong
name: Xia-Yu Tian
name: He, Lu-Lu
name: Xiao-Rui Ma
name: Sun, Yan-Fang
name: Pang, Rui-Hua
name: Jin-Tiao Li
name: Quan-Xiu Wang
name: Zhou, Wei
name: Yuan, Hong-Yu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Education

description: In order to effectively investigate the current situation of biology teachers in Southern Henan, this study used the method of interviews and questionnaires to investigate and analyze the current situation of biology teachers in Southern Henan from their living status and professional development. The survey results show that: (1) The overall satisfaction of biology special post teachers in southern Henan is general, the office conditions can meet the teaching needs, the salary and housing conditions need to be improved, and the spare-time and family life needs of biology special post teachers attract attention; (2) Professional development is generally satisfactory. Specialized biology teachers in Southern Henan are willing to participate in educational and teaching reform, but their participation in teaching and research activities needs to be further strengthened. Specialized biology teachers have a large workload and high labor intensity. In view of the above findings, this paper puts forward some countermeasures for the development of biology special post teachers in Southern Henan, with a view to providing theoretical reference for the follow-up research on biology special post teachers, as well as providing important information for improving the living status of specialty post teachers, promoting professional development and improving the quality of education and teaching.
Within-host microevolution of Streptococcus pneumoniae is rapid and adaptive during natural colonisation
Creators: name: Chaguza, Chrispin
name: Senghore, Madikay
name: Bojang, Ebrima
name: Gladstone, Rebecca A.
name: Lo, Stephanie W.
name: Tientcheu, Peggy-Estelle
name: Bancroft, Rowan E.
name: Worwui, Archibald
name: Foster-Nyarko, Ebenezer
name: Ceesay, Fatima
name: Okoi, Catherine
name: McGee, Lesley
name: Klugman, Keith P.
name: Breiman, Robert F.
name: Barer, Michael R.
name: Adegbola, Richard A.
name: Antonio, Martin
name: Bentley, Stephen D.
name: Kwambana-Adams, Brenda A.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
/631/208/212/2304
/631/208/325/2482
/631/326/107
/692/308/3187
/45
/45/23
/13
/129
/141
/119
article

description: Funder: Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation)
description: Abstract: Genomic evolution, transmission and pathogenesis of Streptococcus pneumoniae, an opportunistic human-adapted pathogen, is driven principally by nasopharyngeal carriage. However, little is known about genomic changes during natural colonisation. Here, we use whole-genome sequencing to investigate within-host microevolution of naturally carried pneumococci in ninety-eight infants intensively sampled sequentially from birth until twelve months in a high-carriage African setting. We show that neutral evolution and nucleotide substitution rates up to forty-fold faster than observed over longer timescales in S. pneumoniae and other bacteria drives high within-host pneumococcal genetic diversity. Highly divergent co-existing strain variants emerge during colonisation episodes through real-time intra-host homologous recombination while the rest are co-transmitted or acquired independently during multiple colonisation episodes. Genic and intergenic parallel evolution occur particularly in antibiotic resistance, immune evasion and epithelial adhesion genes. Our findings suggest that within-host microevolution is rapid and adaptive during natural colonisation.
Surplus Agricultural Population
Creators: name: Toteff, A.U.
name: Whipple, C.E.
name: Toteff, A.U.
name: Whipple, C.E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1939
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Agricultural Finance

description: Mr. Clayton E. Whipple, Director of Rural Education, Near East Foundation, and Educational and Extension Advisor of the Royal Bulgarian Ministry of Agriculture, and Dr. A. U. Totejf, Agricultural Economist in the Institute of Agricultural Economic Research, Sofia University, deal at considerable length in this joint paper with the problem in Bulgaria and in south-eastern Europe generally. The efforts towards solution in a country where the congestion of agricultural population is great, and where the outlets into industry or by emigration are severely limited, are of special interest.
Leucothoe basilobata Serejo 1998
Creators: name: White, Kristine N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Ericales
Ericaceae
Leucothoe
Leucothoe basilobata

description: Leucothoe basilobata Serejo, 1998
 Leucothoe basilobata Serejo, 1998: 119–123, figs 10, 11.
 Type locality and specimens. Abrolhos Reef, Bahia, Brazil, 17°59'S 38°45'W. Holotype, male, 3.3 mm, MNRJ 8539; paratypes, unmeasured males and females, MNRJ 8541, MNRJ 11499, MNRJ 11500, USNM 282800, ZMA Amph. 203829.
 Material examined. No material available for examination. Diagnosis based on description by Serejo (1998).
 Diagnosis. Maxilla 1 palp constricted. Gnathopod 1 propodus palm strongly serrate. Gnathopod 2 basis with well-developed anterodistal lobe; propodus posterior margin subquadrate; dactylus short.
 Female (sexually dimorphic characters). Gnathopod 2 basis is not expanded anteriorly, the propodus is more oval-shaped, and the dactylus is thinner than in males.
 Habitat. Coral reefs; 10– 30 m.
 Host. Sponges.
 Distribution. Atlantic Ocean: Brazil (Serejo 1998).
description: Published as part of White, Kristine N., 2011, A taxonomic review of the Leucothoidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda) 3078, pp. 1-113 in Zootaxa 3078 (1) on pages 44-45, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3078.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5243821
Surplus Agricultural Population
Creators: name: Starcs, P.
name: Starcs, P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1939
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Agricultural Finance

description: Dr. P. Stares, Professor of Agricultural Policy in the University of Latvia and Director of the Latvijas Lauksaimniecibas Kamera, Jelgavii, Latvia, reviews the various aspects of the practical problem. Latvia, which farms the background of his paper, furnishes an interesting example of a country where the problem of a deficiency of agricultural labour exists in three provinces and of a surplus in the fourth province.
Redundant Components in the 3 alpha Faddeev Equation Using 2 alpha RGM Kernel
Creators: name: Fujiwara, Y.
name: Suzuki, Y.
name: Miyagawa, K.
name: Kohno, M.
name: Nemura, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 3 alpha Faddeev equation using 2 alpha RGM kernel involves redundant components whose contribution to the total wave function completely cancels out. We propose a practical method to solve this Faddeev equation, by eliminating the admixture of such redundant components. A complete equivalence between the present Faddeev approach and a variational approach using the translationally invariant harmonic-oscillator basis is numerically shown with respect to the 3 alpha bound state corresponding to the ground state of 12C.
description: 8 pages, no figure
A global carbon market?
Creators: name: Pollitt, Michael G.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Research Article
carbon market
carbon tax
EU ETS

description: Abstract: This paper explores the prospects for a global carbon market as the centerpiece of any serious attempt to reach the ambitious goal for greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions set by climate scientists. My aim is to clarify the extent to which we know what policy might best support global decarbonisation. We begin by discussing what we might mean by a global carbon market and its theoretical properties. We then go on to discuss the EU Emissions Trading System experience and the recent experience with the Australian carbon tax. Next, we assess recent carbon market initiatives in the US and in China. My argument is that while establishing the amount of emissions required and dividing it up acceptably between countries requires an enormous scientific and international negotiations effort, the economic instruments to deliver the agreed targets are readily at hand.