cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of the Bianchi I model with non-minimally coupled scalar field near the singularity
Creators: name: Hrycyna, Orest
name: Szydlowski, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamical systems methods are used to study the evolution of the Bianchi I model with a scalar field. We show that inclusion of the non-minimal coupling term between the scalar field and the curvature changes evolution of the model compared with the minimally coupled case. In the model with the non-minimally coupled scalar field there is a new type of singularity dominated by the non-minimal coupling term. We examine the impact of the non-minimal coupling on the anisotropy evolution and demonstrate the existence of its minimal value in the generic case.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, Multiverse and Fundamental Cosmology (Multicosmofun'12), Szczecin, Poland, 10-14 September 2012
A hazy border between partnership and prescription: analyzing International Governmental Organizations' interventions in Sub-Saharan education policy
Creators: name: Fabo Nija, Camille
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Education programs
subject: International governmental organizations
subject: Textual analysis
subject: Comparison
subject: Sub-Saharan Africa
subject: Sustainable Development Goals
subject: Stanford Graduate School of Education International Education Policy Analysis

description: Using policy documents from the Global Partnership for Education, the World Bank, and UNESCO from 2013 to 2020, this paper employs textual discourse analysis to explore International Governmental Organizations’ (IGOs) relationships to education programs in sub-Saharan Africa. I argue that the nature of the relationship between IGOs and sub-Saharan countries is simultaneously unbalanced and determined by relationships of reciprocal responsibility. By focusing on interventions in Cameroon, Nigeria, and Rwanda, I find that the prevalence of the modernization model depends on the IGO and influences how they incorporate the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals in their education programs.
Intrinsic Spin Seebeck Effect in Au/YIG
Creators: name: Qu, D.
name: Huang, S. Y.
name: Hu, Jun
name: Wu, Ruqian
name: Chien, C. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The acute magnetic proximity effects in Pt/YIG compromise the suitability of Pt as a spin current detector. We show that Au/YIG, with no anomalous Hall effect and a negligible magnetoresistance, allows the measurements of the intrinsic spin Seebeck effect with a magnitude much smaller than that in Pt/YIG. The experiment results are consistent with the spin-polarized density-functional calculations for Pt with a sizable and Au with a negligible magnetic moment near the interface with YIG.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
LCAAJ audio for location 46247 (Frata, Romania)
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Yiddish language--Dialects
Yiddish language--Phonology
Language surveys
Ashkenazim--Social life and customs
Jews--Civilization

description: Frata, Romania (46.704784, 24.058226)
LCAAJ audio for location 46238 (Cluj-Napoca, Romania)
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Yiddish language--Dialects
Yiddish language--Phonology
Language surveys
Ashkenazim--Social life and customs
Jews--Civilization

description: Cluj-Napoca (Klausenburg), Romania (46.766667, 23.583333)
Comparing voting methods for budget decisions on the ASSU ballot
Creators: name: Gelauff, Lodewijk
name: Sakshuwong, Sukolsak
name: Garg, Nikhil
name: Goel, Ashish
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: participatory budgeting
subject: Stanford University. Associated Students

description: During the 2018 Associated Students of Stanford University (ASSU; Stanford’s student body) election and annual grants process, the Stanford Crowdsourced Democracy Team (SCDT) ran a research ballot and survey to develop insights into voting behavior on the budget component of the ballot (annual grants) where multiple grant requests (hereafter: ‘projects’) are considered. We provided voters with additional voting methods for the budget component, collected further insights through a survey and demonstrated the viability of the proposed workflow. Some of our (preliminary) findings are directly relevant to ASSU:
- If ASSU decides to implement a budget cap to the annual grants process, the knapsack voting method has shown to be a good option.
- Voters reported the knapsack ballot generally easier to use than the official ASSU ballot and were more confident that their preferences would be taken into account. The appreciation for knapsack voting is generally higher than that for comparison voting.
- While the resulting ranking of yes/no voting and knapsack voting are similar, there are some projects that get a different appreciation when voters are constrained by a budget.
- Voters requested that more information be provided about the projects.
- The different mechanisms provide more insight on student opinions regarding the projects than
does the official ballot alone.
Furthermore, the (appropriately anonymized) data gathered in this year’s research ballots is beneficial for research purposes.
Overall, our platform and pipeline (PB Stanford) with post-validation of ballots functioned well on a large scale. In particular, the knapsack ballot mechanism shows promise in voter feedback.
LCAAJ audio for location 46233 (Teiuș, Romania)
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Yiddish language--Dialects
Yiddish language--Phonology
Language surveys
Ashkenazim--Social life and customs
Jews--Civilization

description: Teiuș, Romania (46.2, 23.68)
LCAAJ audio for location 45229 (Hunedoara, Romania)
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Yiddish language--Dialects
Yiddish language--Phonology
Language surveys
Ashkenazim--Social life and customs
Jews--Civilization

description: Hunedoara, Romania (45.769722, 22.920278)
What Explains the Adoption of Gender Equality Offices in Japanese Higher Education? The Role of Cultural Norms
Creators: name: Ninomiya, Risako
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Equality
subject: Gender
subject: Gendered organization
subject: Higher education
subject: Japan
subject: World society
subject: Stanford Graduate School of Education International Comparative Education

description: Japanese universities have established gender equality offices (GEOs) since 2006 to increase the representation of women students and faculty. Although the overall shares of women students and faculty have been slowly increasing, little is known about which factors encourage
universities to implement gender equality initiatives. Drawing from world society theory and gendered organizations theory, this study examines which institutional characteristics predict universities’ likelihood of adopting GEOs. Multivariate logistic regression estimations indicate that public and internationally ranked institutions are significantly more likely to adopt GEOs than private and non-ranked institutions. Universities’ STEM concentration does not predict their adoption of GEOs.
Extension of many-electron theory and approximate density functionals to fractional charges and fractional spins
Creators: name: Yang, Weitao
name: Mori-Sanchez, Paula
name: Cohen, Aron J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exact conditions for density functionals and density matrix functionals in terms of fractional charges and fractional spins are known, and their violation in commonly used functionals has been shown to be the root of many major failures in practical applications. However, approximate functionals are not normally expressed in terms of the fractional variables. Here we develop a general framework for extending approximate density functionals and many-electron theory to fractional-charge and fractional-spin systems. Our development allows for the fractional extension of any approximate theory that is a functional of $G^{0}$, the one-electron Green's function of the non-interacting reference system. The extension to fractional charge and fractional spin systems is based on the ensemble average of the basic variable, $G^{0}$. We demonstrate the fractional extension for the following theories: (1) any explicit functional of the one-electron density, such as the LDA and GGA; (2) any explicit functional of the one-electron density matrix of the non-interacting reference system, such as the exact exchange functional and hybrid functionals; (3) many-body perturbation theory; and (4) random-phase approximations. A general rule for such an extension has also been derived through scaling the orbitals and should be useful for functionals where the link to the Green's function is not obvious. The development thus enables the examination of approximate theories against known exact conditions on the fractional variables and the analysis of their failures in chemical and physical applications in terms of violations of exact conditions of the energy functionals. The present work should facilitate the calculation of chemical potentials and fundamental band gaps with approximate functionals and many-electron theories through the energy derivatives with respect to the fractional charge.
description: 33 pages + 11 page appendix
The Relationship between Teachers’ Time Allocation and Student Scores in Rural, Low-income Schools in Punjab, Pakistan
Creators: name: Tahir, Bismah
name: Wu, Elvis
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Student achievement
Instruction time
Grading time
Lesson planning time
Teacher qualifications
Teacher training
Stanford Graduate School of Education International Education Policy Analysis

description: Existing research suggests a mixed relationship between instruction time and student achievement. Some research suggests that student achievement increases with lesson planning and teacher feedback. We use the Learning and Educational Achievement in Pakistan Schools
(LEAPS) dataset collected in 2003–2005 from Punjab, Pakistan, as well as student fixed-effects to study the relationship of teacher instruction time, class preparation time, and grading time with student achievement. We find an insignificant relationship between English, Math, and Urdu instruction time and the scores of students in each respective subject. Similarly, our results show an insignificant relationship between class preparation time and grading time, and the average scores of students, respectively. We also check if the relationship changes for better qualified or trained teachers by running interactions with qualification and training variables. Our results show that the strength and direction of the relationship do not vary by teacher qualifications and training.
Low-Rank STAP Algorithm for Airborne Radar Based on Basis-Function Approximation
Creators: name: Fa, R.
name: de Lamare, R. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we develop a novel reduced-rank space-time adaptive processing (STAP) algorithm based on adaptive basis function approximation (ABFA) for airborne radar applications. The proposed algorithm employs the well-known framework of the side-lobe canceller (SLC) structure and consists of selected sets of basis functions that perform dimensionality reduction and an adaptive reduced-rank filter. Compared to traditional reduced-rank techniques, the proposed scheme works on an instantaneous basis, selecting the best suited set of basis functions at each instant to minimize the squared error. Furthermore, we derive stochastic gradient (SG) and recursive least squares (RLS) algorithm for efficiently implementing the proposed ABFA scheme. Simulations for a clutter-plus-jamming suppression application show that the proposed STAP algorithm outperforms the state-of-the-art reduced-rank schemes in convergence and tracking at significantly lower complexity.
description: 2 figures
The Opportunity to Learn during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Social Inequalities and the Digital Divide in Brazil
Creators: name: Vitral Rezende, Sara
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: COVID-19 Pandemic (2020-)
subject: Inequalities
subject: Education policy
subject: Digital divide
subject: Opportunity to learn
subject: Brazil
subject: Stanford Graduate School of Education International Comparative Education

description: With the closure of schools during the COVID-19 pandemic, the education available to students depended heavily on home and family conditions and structure. This work analyses the relationship between access to technology, demographic characteristics, and learning opportunities during the pandemic in Brazil in 2020. It uses logistic and ordinary least squares linear regression models to generate information based on two national household surveys in Brazil. I find that both demographics and technology access are related to learning during the pandemic, but that demographics have a more constant relationship with learning opportunities than technology access throughout the studied period.
LCAAJ audio for location 32358 (Safed, Israel)
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Yiddish language--Dialects
Yiddish language--Phonology
Language surveys
Ashkenazim--Social life and customs
Jews--Civilization

description: Safed (Tsefat), Israel (32.964648, 35.495997)
Effects of M dwarf magnetic fields on potentially habitable planets
Creators: name: Vidotto, A. A.
name: Jardine, M.
name: Morin, J.
name: Donati, J. -F.
name: Lang, P.
name: Russell, A. J. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effect of the magnetic fields of M dwarf (dM) stars on potentially habitable Earth-like planets. These fields can reduce the size of planetary magnetospheres to such an extent that a significant fraction of the planet's atmosphere may be exposed to erosion by the stellar wind. We used a sample of 15 active dM stars, for which surface magnetic-field maps were reconstructed, to determine the magnetic pressure at the planet orbit and hence the largest size of its magnetosphere, which would only be decreased by considering the stellar wind. Our method provides a fast means to assess which planets are most affected by the stellar magnetic field. We show that hypothetical Earth-like planets with similar terrestrial magnetisation (1G) orbiting at the inner (outer) edge of the habitable zone of these stars would present magnetospheres that extend at most up to 6 (11.7) planetary radii. To be able to sustain an Earth-sized magnetosphere, with the exception of only a few cases, the terrestrial planet would either (1) need to orbit significantly farther out than the traditional limits of the habitable zone; or else, (2) if it were orbiting within the habitable zone, it would require at least a magnetic field ranging from a few G to up to a few thousand G. By assuming a magnetospheric size that is more appropriate for the young-Earth (3.4Gyr ago), the required planetary magnetic fields are one order of magnitude weaker. However, in this case, the polar-cap area of the planet, which is unprotected from transport of particles to/from interplanetary space, is twice as large. As the star becomes older and, therefore, its rotation rate and magnetic field reduce, the interplanetary magnetic pressure decreases and the magnetosphere of planets probably expands. Using an empirically derived rotation-activity/magnetism relation,... (continues)
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, A&A in press. Minor (language) corrections
Professional Development for School Leaders: A Path Towards More Equity-Oriented Schools in Brazil
Creators: name: Barbosa Pecin, Bruna
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Qualitative empirical paper
subject: School principals
subject: Equity
subject: Brazil
subject: Professional development
subject: Stanford Graduate School of Education International Comparative Education

description: This case study aims to understand the extent to which the Jovem de Futuro [Youth of Future] program for the professional development of school principals in Brazil might enable them to build a more equitable school environment for teachers and students. Through document analysis, surveys, and semi-structured interviews with nine Brazilian school principals from public schools in the state of Espirito Santo and by employing the integrated equity-oriented school leadership framework (Leithwood, 2021), I explore which elements of the program contribute to the cultivation of more equity-oriented school leadership practices and how participating school principals may enact those practices. The findings demonstrate that the program encourages principals to be data-driven school leaders, supporting them to understand better how they might design and implement actions aimed at diminishing student achievement gaps, an important trait of equity-oriented leaders. Through the management circuit tool, which employs an adapted version of the plan-do-check-adapt cycle, the program instills in principals a procedural methodology of continuously monitoring and evaluating their school’s goals, with an increased focus on supporting student learning. The study further suggests that the program could intensify its emphasis on equipping principals with the knowledge and abilities to plan activities with greater clarity and cohesion, increasing their focus on equity-oriented actions. Namely, these actions could promote a higher sense of community, respect, and support for diversity, bringing attention and acting on issues that might hinder minority students from learning.
Small-scale structure of the interstellar medium towards rho Oph stars: diffuse band observations
Creators: name: Cordiner, Martin A.
name: Fossey, Stephen J.
name: Smith, Arfon M.
name: Sarre, Peter J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an investigation of small-scale-structure in the distribution of large molecules/dust in the interstellar medium through observations of diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs). High signal-to-noise optical spectra were recorded towards the stars rho Oph A, B, C and DE using the University College London Echelle Spectrograph (UCLES) on the Anglo-Australian Telescope. The strengths of some of the DIBs are found to differ by about 5-9 % between the close binary stars rho Oph A and B, which are separated by a projected distance on the sky of only ~344 AU. This is the first star-system in which such small-scale DIB strength variations have been reported. The observed variations are attributed to differences between a combination of carrier abundance and the physical conditions present along each sightline. The sightline towards rho Oph C contains relatively dense, molecule-rich material and has the strongest λλ5850 and 4726 DIBs. The gas towards DE is more diffuse and is found to exhibit weak C_2 (blue) DIBs and strong yellow/red DIBs. The differences in diffuse band strengths between lines of sight are, in some cases, significantly greater in magnitude than the corresponding variations among atomic and diatomic species, indicating that the DIBs can be sensitive tracers of interstellar cloud conditions.
LCAAJ audio for location 46232 (Alba Iulia, Romania)
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Yiddish language--Dialects
Yiddish language--Phonology
Language surveys
Ashkenazim--Social life and customs
Jews--Civilization

description: Alba Iulia (Karlsburg), Romania (46.066944, 23.57)
Parity- and Time-Reversal Tests in Nuclear Physics
Creators: name: Hertzog, David
name: Ramsey-Musolf, Michael J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nuclear physics tests of parity- and time-reversal invariance have both shaped the development of the Standard Model and provided key tests of its predictions. These studies now provide vital input in the search for physics beyond the Standard Model. We give a brief review of a few key experimental and theoretical developments in the history of this sub-field of nuclear physics as well as a short outlook, focusing on weak decays, parity-violation in electron scattering, and searches for permanent electric dipole moments of the neutron and neutral atoms.
description: 21 Pages, One figure
Brick Kiln Pollution and Seasonal Blood Pressure Variation in Bangladesh
Creators: name: Forde, Brooke
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Blood pressure
subject: Hypertension
subject: Air--Pollution
subject: Bangladesh
subject: Brick kiln

description: In Bangladesh, air pollution levels are higher in the dry winter months than in the rainy summer months. Much of this fluctuation can be attributed to brick kilns, which emit pollutants only in the winter “brick season.” This analysis examines whether seasonal variation in air pollution might affect blood pressure and prevalence of hypertension in Bangladesh. 
	Using longitudinal data from a study of 2,242 adults in Mirzapur, Bangladesh, we analyzed differences in blood pressure between winter 2018 and summer 2019. Decreases in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the summer compared to the winter were experienced by 73% and 76% of participants. The between-season differences for mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure were 8.49mmHg (p<.0001) and 6.40mmHg (p<.0001), respectively. The prevalence of hypertension was 43% in the brick season and 22% in the non-brick season. 
We conducted a literature review of the association between temperature and blood pressure and used a summary effect estimate from this review to estimate the extent to which temperature might explain the seasonal patterns we observed. Using a mean effect estimate derived from 28 studies (systolic=0.29mmHg/-1°C, diastolic=0.13mmHg/-1°C), we calculated that the observed seasonal differences in systolic and diastolic blood pressure exceeded what could be expected due to temperature variation alone by 6.32mmHg and 5.32mmHg, respectively. 
	We concluded that seasonal spikes in air pollution likely contribute to increases in blood pressure and hypertension prevalence. Given recent increases in the prevalence of cardiovascular disease, we recommend policy and public health measures be taken to reduce exposure to air pollution in Bangladesh.
LCAAJ audio for location 43259 (Ruse, Bulgaria)
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Yiddish language--Dialects
Yiddish language--Phonology
Language surveys
Ashkenazim--Social life and customs
Jews--Civilization

description: Ruse (Rustshuk), Bulgaria (43.835587, 25.965611)
Combining particle acceleration and coronal heating via data-constrained calculations of nanoflares in coronal loops
Creators: name: Gontikakis, C.
name: Patsourakos, S.
name: Efthymiopoulos, C.
name: Anastasiadis, A.
name: Georgoulis, M. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We model nanoflare heating of extrapolated active-region coronal loops via the acceleration of electrons and protons in Harris-type current sheets. The kinetic energy of the accelerated particles is estimated using semi-analytical and test-particle-tracing approaches. Vector magnetograms and photospheric Doppler velocity maps of NOAA active region 09114, recorded by the Imaging Vector Magnetograph (IVM), were used for this analysis. A current-free field extrapolation of the active-region corona was first constructed. The corresponding Poynting fluxes at the footpoints of 5000 extrapolated coronal loops were then calculated. Assuming that reconnecting current sheets develop along these loops, we utilized previous results to estimate the kinetic-energy gain of the accelerated particles and we related this energy to nanoflare heating and macroscopic loop characteristics. Kinetic energies of 0.1 to 8 keV (for electrons) and 0.3 to 470 keV (for protons) were found to cause heating rates ranging from $10^{-6}$ to 1 $\mathrm{erg\, s^{-1} cm^{-3}}$. Hydrodynamic simulations show that such heating rates can sustain plasma in coronal conditions inside the loops and generate plasma thermal distributions which are consistent with active region observations. We concluded the analysis by computing the form of X-ray spectra generated by the accelerated electrons using the thick target approach that were found to be in agreement with observed X-ray spectra, thus supporting the plausibility of our nanoflare-heating scenario.
description: 11 figures
LCAAJ audio for location 31357 (Jerusalem, Israel)
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Yiddish language--Dialects
Yiddish language--Phonology
Language surveys
Ashkenazim--Social life and customs
Jews--Civilization

description: Jerusalem (Yerushalayim), Israel (31.768319, 35.21371)
title: O papel crucial da leitura e do processamento da informação na resolução de problemas de matemática
Creators: name: Correia, Deolinda Varela
Publisher: name: Instituto Politécnico de Leiria, Escola Superior de Educação e Ciências Sociais
Year: 2016

description: Estudos empíricos sobre leitura e compreensão de problemas verbais de matemática permitiram evidenciar, através da análise do desempenho de sujeitos com diferentes níveis de instrução (4º, 6º e 9º anos de escolaridade), que as dificuldades na resolução de problemas não residem apenas ou exclusivamente nas estratégias e nos procedimentos de resolução, ainda que estes assumam um papel relevante, mas no processamento da informação e na compreensão dos enunciados com características discursivas e estruturais distintas e na relação do resultado dessa compreensão com os restantes processos de resolução. A extensão dos enunciados textuais, as propriedades dos constituintes frásicos e a diversidade de sistemas semióticos (a língua natural, as escritas algébricas e formais, as figuras geométricas, as representações gráficas e as ilustrações) presentes nos problemas implicam a mobilização de mais recursos cognitivos e, portanto, uma maior sobrecarga na memória de trabalho que resulta em custos mais elevados do processamento da informação com impacto na compreensão e, consequentemente, no planeamento e na execução das restantes etapas de resolução.
title: 2015 Final Report on the Performance of the Northeast Multispecies (Groundfish) Fishery (May 2007 – April 2016)
titleType: Other
Creators: name: Murphy, Tammy
name: Ardini, Gregory
name: Vasta, Maria
name: Kitts, Andrew W.
name: Demarest, Chad K.
name: Walden, John
name: Caless, Daniel
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service, Northeast Fisheries Science Center (U.S.)
Year: 2018

description: Northeast Fisheries Science Center reference document ; 18-13
Laser powder bed fusion of a Cu-Ni-Al alloy using the compositional grading approach
Creators: name: Wang, Pei
Publisher: name: Singapore Institute of Technology
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 401401
subject: Additive manufacturing

description: Using a modified laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) technique, a compositionally graded Cu-Ni alloy was fabricated. Through microstructural and mechanical characterization on the samples extracted from it, the addition of 7.6 wt.% Ni to Cu is identified as the minimum required for obtaining a crack-free and nearly-fully-dense coupons using LPBF. Subsequently, 3 wt.% Al was added to the Cu-7.6 wt.% alloy to deplete the solute Ni atoms from the matrix through the precipitation of Ni3Al upon aging of the LPBF Cu-Ni-Al alloy, which simultaneously enhances the strength and electrical conductance of the alloy. Through this example, we demonstrate the potential of high?throughput screening of alloys suitable for LPBF through the fabrication of the compositionally graded alloys and subsequent alloy design for optimum property combinations.
Nonequilibrium critical Casimir interactions in binary fluids
Creators: name: Furukawa, Akira
name: Gambassi, Andrea
name: Dietrich, Siegfried
name: Tanaka, Hajime
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Colloids immersed in a critical binary liquid mixture are subject to critical Casimir forces (CCFs) because they confine its concentration fluctuations and influence the latter via effective surface fields. To date, CCFs have only been studied in thermodynamic equilibrium. However, due to the critical slowing down, the order parameter around a particle can easily be perturbed by any motion of the colloid or by solvent flow. This leads to significant but largely unexplored changes in the CCF. Here we study the drag force on a single colloidal particle moving in a near-critical fluid mixture and the relative motion of two colloids due to the CCF acting on them. In order to account for the kinetic couplings among the order parameter field, the solvent velocity field, and the particle motion, we use a fluid particle dynamics method. These studies extend the understanding of CCFs from thermal equilibrium to non-equilibrium processes, which are relevant to current experiments, and show the emergence of significant effects near the critical point.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett
Evidence for a Milky Way Tidal Stream Reaching Beyond 100 kpc
Creators: name: Drake, A. J.
name: Catelan, M.
name: Djorgovski, S. G.
name: Torrealba, G.
name: Graham, M. J.
name: Mahabal, A. A.
name: Prieto, J. L.
name: Donalek, C.
name: Williams, R.
name: Larson, S.
name: Christensen, E.
name: Beshore, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the analysis of 1,207 RR Lyrae found in photometry taken by the Catalina Survey's Mount Lemmon telescope. By combining accurate distances for these stars with measurements for ~14,000 type-AB RR Lyrae from the Catalina Schmid telescope, we reveal an extended association that reaches Galactocentric distances beyond 100 kpc and overlaps the Sagittarius streams system. This result confirms earlier evidence for the existence of an outer halo tidal stream resulting from a disrupted stellar system. By comparing the RR Lyrae source density with that expected based on halo models, we find the detection has ~8 sigma significance. We investigate the distances, radial velocities, metallicities, and period-amplitude distribution of the RR Lyrae. We find that both radial velocities and distances are inconsistent with current models of the Sagittarius stream. We also find tentative evidence for a division in source metallicities for the most distant sources. Following prior analyses, we compare the locations and distances of the RR Lyrae with photometrically selected candidate horizontal branch stars and find supporting evidence that this structure spans at least 60 deg of the sky. We investigate the prospects of an association between the stream and unusual globular cluster NGC 2419.
description: 20 pages, 17 figures, 4 tables, accepted ApJ
LCAAJ audio for location 46186 (Paks, Hungary)
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Yiddish language--Dialects
Yiddish language--Phonology
Language surveys
Ashkenazim--Social life and customs
Jews--Civilization

description: Paks, Hungary (46.298102, 18.526353)
Nonadiabatic transitions in exactly solvable quantum mechanical multichannel model: role of level curvature and counterintuitive behavior
Creators: name: Sinitsyn, N. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive an exact solution of an explicitly time-dependent multichannel model of quantum mechanical nonadiabatic transitions. In the limit N >>1, where N is the number of states, we find that the survival probability of the initially populated state remains finite despite an almost arbitrary choice of a large number of parameters. This observation proves that quantum mechanical nonadiabatic transitions among a large number of states can effectively keep memory about the initial state of the system. This property can lead to a strongly non-ergodic behavior even in the thermodynamic limit of some systems with a broad distribution of coupling constants and the lack of energy conservation.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
LCAAJ audio for location 44264 (București, Romania)
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Yiddish language--Dialects
Yiddish language--Phonology
Language surveys
Ashkenazim--Social life and customs
Jews--Civilization

description: București, Romania (44.426767, 26.102538)
Insights into capacity constrained optimal transport
Creators: name: Korman, Jonathan
name: McCann, Robert J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 90B06, secondary 35R35, 49Q20, 58E17

description: A variant of the classical optimal transportation problem is: among all joint measures with fixed marginals and which are dominated by a given density, find the optimal one. Existence and uniqueness of solutions to this variant were established in \cite{KM11}. In the present manuscript, we expose an unexpected symmetry leading to the first explicit examples in two and more dimensions. These are inspired in part by simulations in one dimension which display singularities and topology and in part by two further developments: the identification of all extreme points in the feasible set, and a new approach to uniqueness based on constructing feasible perturbations.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Molecular theory of graphene oxide
Creators: name: Sheka, Elena F.
name: Popova, Nadezhda A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Applying to graphene oxides, molecular theory of graphene is based on the oxide molecular origin when it is considered as a final product in the succession of a graphene molecule polyderivatives related to a particular oxidation reaction. The graphene oxide structure is created in due course of calculations following the algorithms that take into account the graphene molecules natural radicalization, correlation of odd electrons, an extremely strong influence of structure on properties, a sharp response of the molecule behavior on small action of external factors. Taking together, the theory facilities has allowed for getting a clear, transparent and understandable explanation of hot points of the graphene oxide chemistry and suggesting reliable models of both chemically produced and chemically reduced graphene oxides.
description: 22 pages, 15 figures, 1 table
LCAAJ audio for location 45284 (Galați, Romania)
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Yiddish language--Dialects
Yiddish language--Phonology
Language surveys
Ashkenazim--Social life and customs
Jews--Civilization

description: Galați, Romania (45.423333, 28.0425)
АНАЛИЗ РАСПРОСТРАНЕНИЯ ИНФЕКЦИОННОГО РИНОТРАХЕИТА КРУПНОГО РОГАТОГО СКОТА НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ УРАЛЬСКОГО РЕГИОНА
Creators: name: Кожуковская, В.В.
name: Балышева, Н.С.
name: Багрецова, А.А.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Исследования проводили методом полимеразной цепной реакции в
лаборатории молекулярно-генетических исследований за период с 2013 по 2023 гг. Было
исследовано 432 пробы из 33 сельскохозяйственных организаций Уральского региона. По
результатам ПЦР исследования было обнаружено, что лишь 3% биологических проб содержали
ДНК возбудителя инфекционного ринотрахеита крупного рогатого скота. Анализ образцов от
абортировавших коров показал наличие генетического материала возбудителя ИРТ крупного
рогатого скота в 87,5% случаев, а в биологических пробах от телят этот ген был выявлен в 12,5%
случаев. Полученные данные могут свидетельствовать о циркуляции вируса инфекционного
ринотрахеита крупного рогатого скота в виде скрытых форм инфекции у животных в
сельскохозяйственных предприятиях Уральского региона.
Properties of M31. II: A Cepheid disk sample derived from the first year of PS1 PAndromeda data
Creators: name: Kodric, Mihael
name: Riffeser, Arno
name: Hopp, Ulrich
name: Seitz, Stella
name: Koppenhoefer, Johannes
name: Bender, Ralf
name: Goessl, Claus
name: Snigula, Jan
name: Lee, Chien-Hsiu
name: Ngeow, Chow-Choong
name: Chambers, K. C.
name: Magnier, E. A.
name: Price, P. A.
name: Burgett, W. S.
name: Hodapp, K. W.
name: Kaiser, N.
name: Kudritzki, R. -P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a sample of Cepheid variable stars towards M31 based on the first year of regular M31 observations of the PS1 survey in the r_P1 and i_P1 filters. We describe the selection procedure for Cepheid variable stars from the overall variable source sample and develop an automatic classification scheme using Fourier decomposition and the location of the instability strip. We find 1440 fundamental mode (classical δ) Cep stars, 126 Cepheids in the first overtone mode, and 147 belonging to the Population II types. 296 Cepheids could not be assigned to one of these classes and 354 Cepheids were found in other surveys. These 2009 Cepheids constitute the largest Cepheid sample in M31 known so far and the full catalog is presented in this paper. We briefly describe the properties of our sample in its spatial distribution throughout the M31 galaxy, in its age properties, and we derive an apparent period-luminosity relation (PLR) in our two bands. The Population I Cepheids nicely follow the dust pattern of the M31 disk, whereas the 147 Type II Cepheids are distributed throughout the halo of M31. We outline the time evolution of the star formation in the major ring found previously and find an age gradient. A comparison of our PLR to previous results indicates a curvature term in the PLR.
title: Endangered Species Act Section 7(a)(2) Biological Opinion, and Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act Essential Fish Habitat Response for the County of Santa Cruz Emergency Relief Program (ER-32LO)
titleType: Other
Creators: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service
Year: 2019

description: ESA Section 7 Consultation ; WCRO-2019-01724
Monolayer curvature stabilizes nanoscale raft domains in mixed lipid bilayers
Creators: name: Meinhardt, Sebastian
name: Vink, Richard L. C.
name: Schmid, Friederike
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: According to the lipid raft hypothesis, biological lipid membranes are laterally heterogeneous and filled with nanoscale ordered "raft" domains, which are believed to play an important role for the organization of proteins in membranes. However, the mechanisms stabilizing such small rafts are not clear, and even their existence is sometimes questioned. Here we report the observation of raft-like structures in a coarse-grained molecular model for multicomponent lipid bilayers. On small scales, our membranes demix into a liquid ordered (lo) and a liquid disordered (ld) phase. On large scales, phase separation is suppressed and gives way to a microemulsion-type state that contains nanometer size lo domains in a ld environment. Furthermore, we introduce a mechanism that generates rafts of finite size by a coupling between monolayer curvature and local composition. We show that mismatch between the spontaneous curvatures of monolayers in the lo and ld phase induces elastic interactions, which reduce the line tension between the lo and ld phase and can stabilize raft domains with a characteristic size of the order of a few nanometers. Our findings suggest that rafts in multicomponent bilayers might be closely related to the modulated ripple phase in one-component bilayers.
description: PNAS, at press
title: Endangered Species Act Section 7(a)(2) Biological Opinion for the Elk Creek Bridge State Highway 21 Culvert Replacement Project (Key No. 20131), HUC #170602011404 – Elk Creek, Custer County, Idaho
titleType: Other
Creators: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service
Year: 2019

description: ESA Section 7 Consultation ; WCRO-2019-02713
The Spin-2 Equation on Minkowski Background
Creators: name: Beyer, Florian
name: Doulis, Georgios
name: Frauendiener, Jörg
name: Whale, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The linearised general conformal field equations in their first and second order form are used to study the behaviour of the spin-2 zero-rest-mass equation on Minkowski background in the vicinity of space-like infinity.
description: Contribution to the Proceedings of the Spanish Relativity Meeting ERE 2012, 4 pages
iPC (individualizedPaediatricCure) platform: A cloud-based architecture for the visualization, sharing, and analysis of paediatric cancer data aligned to the GA4GH standards.
Creators: name: Valls, Alejandro J. Canosa
name: Repchevsky, Dmitry
name: Haziza, Frédéric
name: Ariosa, Roberto
name: Navas, Laura Rodriguez
name: Fernández, José M.
name: Codo, Laia
name: Modic, Jolanda
name: Gelpí, Josep L.
name: Capella-Gutierrez, Salvador
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2022

description: The Individualized Paediatric Cure (iPC) project aims to establish an integrated computational environment for data visualisation, sharing and analysis to enable paediatric cancer research. In order to accomplish this, a computational platform has been setup following a microservices architecture, that allows parallel developments and integration of different open source-based software components. The platform is formed by a data catalogue system based on Arranger integrated with an analysis platform (Virtual Research Environment) where the access to private datasets is controlled. To this end, a Data Access Framework is being developed on top of the platform, which has the role of (1) managing Data Access Committees (DACs; i.e., from the creation of brand new DACs, to the roles, and resources management for those users who own private datasets and who determine access policies for those private datasets) and (2) managing Data Access Requests (approving/denying access requests, approving/revoking access rights, etc). Such a framework leverages the OpenIDConnect protocol and supports the Global Alliance for Genomics and Health (GA4GH) Passports/Visas specification for granting access to datasets, which potentially allows interoperability with external systems, such as the NIH (National Institutes of Health, USA) or EGA (European Genome-Phenome Archive). By integrating various data access control infrastructures and following community-set standards, iPC will make a big step forward in simplifying the access of private data sources for cancer research, thereby supporting a wide community of experts in creating effective personalised therapies for kids with cancer.
title: Endangered Species Act Section 7(a)(2) Biological Opinion and Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act Essential Fish Habitat Response for the All American Marine I & J Float and Pier Project, Whatcom County, Washington, COE Number: NWS-2019-226
titleType: Other
Creators: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service
Year: 2020

description: ESA Section 7 Consultation ; WCRO-2019-00255
Equilibration times in clean and noisy systems
Creators: name: Venuti, Lorenzo Campos
name: Yeshwanth, Sunil
name: Haas, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the equilibration dynamics of closed finite quantum systems and address the question of the time needed for the system to equilibrate. In particular we focus on the scaling of the equilibration time T_{\mathrm{eq}} with the system size L . For clean systems we give general arguments predicting T_{\mathrm{eq}}=O(L^{0}) for clustering initial states, while for small quenches around a critical point we find T_{\mathrm{eq}}=O(L^ζ) where ζis the dynamical critical exponent. We then analyze noisy systems where exponentially large time scales are known to exist. Specifically we consider the tight-binding model with diagonal impurities and give numerical evidence that in this case T_{\mathrm{eq}}\sim Be^{CL^ψ} where B,C, ψare observable dependent constants. Finally, we consider another noisy system whose evolution dynamics is randomly sampled from a circular unitary ensemble. Here, we are able to prove analytically that T_{\mathrm{eq}}=O(1), thus showing that noise alone is not sufficient for slow equilibration dynamics.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures. References added
Submm/mm Galaxy Counterpart Identification Using a Characteristic Density Distribution
Creators: name: Alberts, Stacey
name: Wilson, Grant W.
name: Lu, Yu
name: Johnson, Seth
name: Yun, Min S.
name: Scott, Kimberly S.
name: Pope, Alexandra
name: Aretxaga, Itziar
name: Ezawa, Hajime
name: Hughes, David H.
name: Kawabe, Ryohei
name: Kim, Sungeun
name: Kohno, Kotaro
name: Oshima, Tai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new submm/mm galaxy counterpart identification technique which builds on the use of Spitzer IRAC colors as discriminators between likely counterparts and the general IRAC galaxy population. Using 102 radio- and SMA-confirmed counterparts to AzTEC sources across three fields (GOODS-N, GOODS-S, and COSMOS), we develop a non-parametric IRAC color-color characteristic density distribution (CDD), which, when combined with positional uncertainty information via likelihood ratios, allows us to rank all potential IRAC counterparts around SMGs and calculate the significance of each ranking via the reliability factor. We report all robust and tentative radio counterparts to SMGs, the first such list available for AzTEC/COSMOS, as well as the highest ranked IRAC counterparts for all AzTEC SMGs in these fields as determined by our technique. We demonstrate that the technique is free of radio bias and thus applicable regardless of radio detections. For observations made with a moderate beamsize (~18"), this technique identifies ~85 per cent of SMG counterparts. For much larger beamsizes (>30"), we report identification rates of 33-49 per cent. Using simulations, we demonstrate that this technique is an improvement over using positional information alone for observations with facilities such as AzTEC on the LMT and SCUBA-2 on JCMT.
description: 30 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS