cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Heating and enriching the intracluster medium
Creators: name: Short, C. J.
name: Thomas, P. A.
name: Young, O. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present numerical simulations of galaxy clusters with stochastic heating from active galactic nuclei (AGN) that are able to reproduce the observed entropy and temperature profiles of non-cool-core (NCC) clusters. Our study uses N-body hydrodynamical simulations to investigate how star formation, metal production, black hole accretion and the associated feedback from supernovae and AGN heat and enrich diffuse gas in galaxy clusters. We assess how different implementations of these processes affect the thermal and chemical properties of the intracluster medium (ICM), using high-quality X-ray observations of local clusters to constrain our models. For the purposes of this study we have resimulated a sample of 25 massive galaxy clusters extracted from the Millennium Simulation. Sub-grid physics is handled using a semi-analytic model of galaxy formation, thus guaranteeing that the source of feedback in our simulations is a population of galaxies with realistic properties. We find that supernova feedback has no effect on the entropy and metallicity structure of the ICM, regardless of the method used to inject energy and metals into the diffuse gas. By including AGN feedback, we are able to explain the observed entropy and metallicity profiles of clusters, as well as the X-ray luminosity-temperature scaling relation for NCC systems. A stochastic model of AGN energy injection motivated by anisotropic jet heating - presented for the first time here - is crucial for this success. With the addition of metal-dependent radiative cooling, our model is also able to produce CC clusters, without overcooling of gas in dense, central regions.
description: 23 pages, accepted by MNRAS. Some changes in response to referee's comments. New figures 22 & 23
WP2A5: Σύνθεση της ανοιχτής δημοσίευσης  Ανάλυση τοπίου: Παραδείγματα πρωτοβουλιών συμμετοχής των πολιτών σε δράσεις για την Ουκρανία από Πανεπιστήμια της Βαλτικής
Creators: name: Pranckute, Aiste
name: Abolina, Inese
name: Beitane, Anna
name: Berezko, Oleksandr
name: Boichenko, Kateryna
name: Gibson, Catherine Helen
name: Jõgi, Larissa
name: Oikonomou, Stefania
name: Pata, Kai
name: Shilinh, Anna
name: Stučka, Malvīne
name: Tautkevičienė, Gintarė
name: Teder, Lianne
name: Vali, Fidan
name: Vovk, Nataliia
name: Zourou, Katerina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Synthesis of open access project publication "Landscape analysis: Examples of citizen engagement initiatives for Ukraine organized by Baltic Universities" shortly presents 6 case studies, including 5 world cafe discussions held on the premises of Baltics4UA partner universities and one webinar hosted by business partner Web2Learn. This is the version of synthesis in the Greek language. 
This publication was produced as part of Work Package 2 of the EU-funded project Baltics4UA: "Supporting Ukraine through citizen engagement at Baltic Universities'' (https://baltics4ua.eu/, Project Number 2022-2-EE01-KA220-HED-000096422). 
This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. This deliverable reflects the views only of the author, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.
Three-wave interactions and spatio-temporal chaos
Creators: name: Rucklidge, Alastair M.
name: Silber, Mary
name: Skeldon, Anne C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three-wave interactions form the basis of our understanding of many pattern forming systems because they encapsulate the most basic nonlinear interactions. In problems with two comparable length scales, it is possible for two waves of the shorter wavelength to interact with one wave of the longer, as well as for two waves of the longer wavelength to interact with one wave of the shorter. Consideration of both types of three-wave interactions can generically explain the presence of complex patterns and spatio-temporal chaos. Two length scales arise naturally in the Faraday wave experiment with multi-frequency forcing, and our results enable some previously unexplained experimental observations of spatio-temporal chaos to be interpreted in a new light. Our predictions are illustrated with numerical simulations of a model partial differential equation.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, revised version
Aratinga nenday NRR
Creators: name: Fischer, Wagner
name: Faria de Godoi, Raquel
name: Conceição Paranhos Filho, Antonio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Psittaciformes
Psittacidae
Aratinga
Aratinga nenday

description: Aratinga nenday (Vieillot, 1823) Records. Table 3. The Nanday Parakeet is an unmistakable species. Both road-killed individuals were about 35.0 cm long with predominantly green plumage. Their most characteristic feature was the black facial mask and beak. The chest was bluish-green with paler green lower parts. The trailing flight feathers on the wings were black, the long tail was edged in blue, and the tibial feathers were red.
description: Published as part of Fischer, Wagner, Faria de Godoi, Raquel & Conceição Paranhos Filho, Antonio, 2018, Roadkill records of reptiles and birds in Cerrado and Pantanal landscapes, pp. 845-876 in Check List 14 (5) on page 870, DOI: 10.15560/14.5.845
MPEC 2023-H171 : 2023 HM4
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 HM4

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Electrical control of inter-dot electron tunneling in a quantum dot molecule
Creators: name: Müller, K.
name: Bechtold, A.
name: Ruppert, C.
name: Zecherle, M.
name: Reithmaier, G.
name: Bichler, M.
name: Krenner, H. J.
name: Abstreiter, G.
name: Holleitner, A. W.
name: Villas-Bôas, J. M.
name: Finley, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ ultrafast pump-probe spectroscopy to directly monitor electron tunneling between discrete orbital states in a pair of spatially separated quantum dots. Immediately after excitation, several peaks are observed in the pump-probe spectrum due to Coulomb interactions between the photo-generated charge carriers. By tuning the relative energy of the orbital states in the two dots and monitoring the temporal evolution of the pump-probe spectra the electron and hole tunneling times are separately measured and resonant tunneling between the two dots is shown to be mediated both by elastic and inelastic processes. Ultrafast (< 5 ps) inter-dot tunneling is shown to occur over a surprisingly wide bandwidth, up to ~8 meV, reflecting the spectrum of exciton-acoustic phonon coupling in the system.
Deterministic preparation of Dicke states of donor nuclear spins in silicon by cooperative pumping
Creators: name: Luo, Yu
name: Yu, Hongyi
name: Yao, Wang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For donor nuclear spins in silicon, we show how to deterministically prepare various symmetric and asymmetric Dicke states which span a complete basis of the many-body Hilbert space. The state preparation is realized by cooperative pumping of nuclear spins by coupled donor electrons, and the required controls are in situ to the prototype Kane proposal for quantum computation. This scheme only requires a sub-gigahertz donor exchange coupling which can be readily achieved without atomically precise donor placement, hence it offers a practical way to prepare multipartite entanglement of spins in silicon with current technology. All desired Dicke states appear as the steady state under various pumping scenarios and therefore the preparation is robust and does not require accurate temporal controls. Numerical simulations with realistic parameters show that Dicke states of 10-20 qubits can be prepared with high fidelity in presence of decoherence and unwanted dynamics.
description: published version
Mit Luuise mehr Erfolg im Unterricht. Bewährtes Verfahren der datengestützten Unterrichtentwicklung der PH FHNW
Creators: name: Pirani, Kathrin
name: Beywl, Wolfgang
name: Schorn, Ivo
Publisher: name: Schweizerische Gesellschaft für angewandte Berufsbildungsforschung
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Luuise
subject: visible learning
subject: Unterricht
subject: 370 - Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen

description: Nicht immer gelingt der Unterricht gleich gut. Oft scheint die Zeit für den dichten Lernstoff zu knapp zu sein, und wenn die Lernenden dann auch noch die Hausaufgaben liegen lassen, wird es gänzlich unerfreulich. Wie können Lehrpersonen solche Situationen meistern? Eine mögliche Antwort: Indem sie die Lernenden in die Verantwortung für ihren Lernprozess einbinden. Wie das gehen kann, zeigt der vorliegende Beitrag. Dank eines Verfahrens namens Luuise gelingt es Lehrpersonen mit selbst erhobenen Daten, in ihrem Unterricht das Lernen zielgerichtet zu fördern. Luuise ist auch ein Instrument, wie Schulleitende – im Zusammenspiel mit unterrichtsbezogenen Evaluationen – Schulqualität voranbringen können.
Eupsittula aurea
Creators: name: Fischer, Wagner
name: Faria de Godoi, Raquel
name: Conceição Paranhos Filho, Antonio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Psittaciformes
Psittacidae
Eupsittula
Eupsittula aurea

description: Eupsittula aurea (Gmelin, 1788) Records. Table 3. The Peach-fronted Parakeet individuals were quickly distinguished by size (ca 27.0 cm long), shape, and color. They had green plumage, yellowish on the belly, and bluish on the face, with the typical peach-coloured cap and yellow ring around the eyes.
description: Published as part of Fischer, Wagner, Faria de Godoi, Raquel & Conceição Paranhos Filho, Antonio, 2018, Roadkill records of reptiles and birds in Cerrado and Pantanal landscapes, pp. 845-876 in Check List 14 (5) on page 870, DOI: 10.15560/14.5.845
Frequency and Course of Mild Cognitive Impairment in a Multiethnic Community
Creators: name: Manly, Jennifer J.
name: Tang, Mingxin
name: Schupf, Nicole
name: Stern, Yaakov
name: Vonsattel, Jean Paul
name: Mayeux, Richard Paul
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Neurology
Mild cognitive impairment
Alzheimer's disease
Older people

description: Objective To examine incidence rates and antecedents of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) among diverse elders without dementia at the initial visit, and to examine the characteristics of elders with MCI who reverted to normal on follow-up examination. Methods A total of 2,364 Caribbean Hispanic, black, or non-Hispanic white subjects, aged 65 or older, who were free of dementia at initial evaluation were followed up every 18 to 24 months. Incidence rate of MCI and AD was determined by examination of neurological, medical, psychiatric, and neuropsychological function. Results Over 10,517 person-years, 21% of normal elderly subjects progressed to MCI (annual incidence rate, 5.1%; 95% confidence interval, 4.6–5.6%). Of those with MCI initially, 21.8% were subsequently diagnosed with AD (annual incidence rate, 5.4%; 95% confidence interval, 4.7–6.3%), 47% remained unchanged, and 31% reverted to normal. Those with MCI were 2.8 times more likely to experience development of AD than normal elderly subjects. MCI with impairment in memory and at least one other cognitive domain was associated with greatest risk for progression to AD and was also least likely to revert to normal at follow-up. Consistent diagnosis of MCI or incident probable or possible AD was 60% sensitive and 94% specific for the pathological diagnosis of AD. Interpretation Impaired memory and language were useful predictors of transition to AD. Reversion to normal from MCI was frequent, but those with impairment in more than one cognitive domain were more likely to progress or remain impaired than those with single-domain impairment. Clinical diagnosis of MCI does not always predict AD neuropathology. Ann Neurol 2008
Study of the many fluorescent lines and the absorption variability in GX 301-2 with XMM-Newton
Creators: name: Fuerst, F.
name: Suchy, S.
name: Kreykenbohm, I.
name: Barragan, L.
name: Wilms, J.
name: Pottschmidt, K.
name: Caballero, I.
name: Kretschmar, P.
name: Ferrigno, C.
name: Rothschild, R. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an in-depth study of the High Mass X-ray Binary (HMXB) GX 301-2 during its pre-periastron flare using data from the XMM-Newton satellite. The energy spectrum shows a power law continuum absorbed by a large equivalent hydrogen column on the order of 10^24 cm^2 and a prominent Fe K-alpha fluorescent emission line. Besides the Fe K-alpha line, evidence for Fe K-beta, Ni K-alpha, Ni K-beta, S K-alpha, Ar K-alpha, Ca K-alpha, and Cr K-alpha fluorescent lines is found. The observed line strengths are consistent with fluorescence in a cold absorber. This is the first time that a Cr K-alpha line is seen in emission in the X-ray spectrum of a HMXB. In addition to the modulation by the strong pulse period of ~685 sec the source is highly variable and shows different states of activity. We perform time-resolved as well as pulse-to-pulse resolved spectroscopy to investigate differences between these states of activity. We find that the fluorescent line fluxes are strongly variable and generally follow the overall flux. The N_H value is variable by a factor of 2, but not correlated to the continuum normalization. We find an interval of low flux in the light curve in which the pulsations cease almost completely, without any indication of an increasing absorption column. We investigate this dip in detail and argue that it is most likely that during the dip the accretion ceased and the afterglow of the fluorescent iron accounted for the main portion of the X-ray flux. A similar dip was found earlier in RXTE data, and we compare our findings to these results
description: 13 pages, 13 Figures, published in A&A
Breadth and Age-Dependency of Relations between Cortical Thickness and Cognition
Creators: name: Salthouse, Timothy
name: Habeck, Christian G.
name: Razlighi, Qolamreza R.
name: Barulli, Daniel James
name: Gazes, Yunglin
name: Stern, Yaakov
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Neurobiology
Aging
Brain--Aging
Cognition--Age factors

description: Recent advances in neuroimaging have identified a large number of neural measures that could be involved in age-related declines in cognitive functioning. A popular method of investigating neural-cognition relations has been to determine the brain regions in which a particular neural measure is associated with the level of specific cognitive measures. Although this procedure has been informative, it ignores the strong interrelations that typically exist among the measures in each modality. An alternative approach involves investigating the number and identity of distinct dimensions within the set of neural measures and within the set of cognitive measures before examining relations between the 2 types of measures. The procedure is illustrated with data from 297 adults between 20 and 79 years of age with cortical thickness in different brain regions as the neural measures and performance on 12 cognitive tests as the cognitive measures. The results revealed that most of the relations between cortical thickness and cognition occurred at a general level corresponding to variance shared among different brain regions and among different cognitive measures. In addition, the strength of the thickness-cognition relation was substantially reduced after controlling the variation in age, which suggests that at least some of the thickness-cognition relations in age-heterogeneous samples may be attributable to the influence of age on each type of measure.
On the uniqueness of $(p,h)$-gonal automorphisms of Riemann surfaces
Creators: name: Schweizer, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30F10 (Primary) 14H37 (Secondary)

description: Let $X$ be a compact Riemann surface of genus $g\geq 2$. A cyclic subgroup of prime order $p$ of $Aut(X)$ is called properly $(p,h)$-gonal if it has a fixed point and the quotient surface has genus $h$. We show that if $p>6h+6$, then a properly $(p,h)$-gonal subgroup of $Aut(X)$ is unique. We also discuss some related results.
description: final version, 9 pages, minor improvements, added 2 references
Forpus xanthopterygius NRR
Creators: name: Fischer, Wagner
name: Faria de Godoi, Raquel
name: Conceição Paranhos Filho, Antonio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Psittaciformes
Psittacidae
Forpus
Forpus xanthopterygius

description: Forpus xanthopterygius (Spix, 1824) Record. Table 3. The Blue-winged Parrotlet is the smallest parrot species in Brazil. It was recognized by its small size (ca 12 cm long), shape, color, which is mainly green and short, tapered tail. The species is sexually dimorphic, and our road-killed individual was an adult male since it had blue feathers on the bend of the wing, underwing-coverts, blue lower back, and rump. The females are completely green.
description: Published as part of Fischer, Wagner, Faria de Godoi, Raquel & Conceição Paranhos Filho, Antonio, 2018, Roadkill records of reptiles and birds in Cerrado and Pantanal landscapes, pp. 845-876 in Check List 14 (5) on page 870, DOI: 10.15560/14.5.845
Planck Scale Boundary Conditions and the Higgs Mass
Creators: name: Holthausen, Martin
name: Lim, Kher Sham
name: Lindner, Manfred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If the LHC does only find a Higgs boson in the low mass region and no other new physics, then one should reconsider scenarios where the Standard Model with three right-handed neutrinos is valid up to Planck scale. We assume in this spirit that the Standard Model couplings are remnants of quantum gravity which implies certain generic boundary conditions for the Higgs quartic coupling at Planck scale. This leads to Higgs mass predictions at the electroweak scale via renormalization group equations. We find that several physically well motivated conditions yield a range of Higgs masses from 127-142 GeV. We also argue that a random quartic Higgs coupling at the Planck scale favors M_H > 150 GeV, which is clearly excluded. We discuss also the prospects for differentiating different boundary conditions imposed for λ(M_{pl}) at the LHC. A striking example is M_H = 127\pm 5 GeV corresponding to λ(M_{pl})=0, which would imply that the quartic Higgs coupling at the electroweak scale is entirely radiatively generated.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures; references added and other minor improvements, matches version published in JHEP
Quasi-Monte Carlo methods for integration of functions with dominating mixed smoothness in arbitrary dimension
Creators: name: Markhasin, Lev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In a celebrated construction, Chen and Skriganov gave explicit examples of point sets achieving the best possible $L_2$-norm of the discrepancy function. We consider the discrepancy function of the Chen-Skriganov point sets in Besov spaces with dominating mixed smoothness and show that they also achieve the best possible rate in this setting. The proof uses a $b$-adic generalization of the Haar system and corresponding characterizations of the Besov space norm. Results for further function spaces and integration errors are concluded.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1109.4548
Extended Remediation of Sleep Deprived-Induced Working Memory Deficits Using fMRI-Guided Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
Creators: name: Luber, Bruce
name: Steffener, Jason
name: Tucker, Adrienne
name: Habeck, Christian G.
name: Peterchev, Angel V.
name: Deng, Zhi-De
name: Basner, Robert C.
name: Stern, Yaakov
name: Lisanby, Sarah H.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Neuroplasticity
Magnetic brain stimulation
Short-term memory
Sleep deprivation

description: STUDY OBJECTIVES: We attempted to prevent the development of working memory (WM) impairments caused by sleep deprivation using fMRI-guided repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). Novel aspects of our fMRI-guided rTMS paradigm included the use of sophisticated covariance methods to identify functional networks in imaging data, and the use of fMRI-targeted rTMS concurrent with task performance to modulate plasticity effects over a longer term. DESIGN: Between-groups mixed model. SETTING: TMS, MRI, and sleep laboratory study. PARTICIPANTS: 27 subjects (13 receiving Active rTMS, and 14 Sham) completed the sleep deprivation protocol, with another 21 (10 Active, 11 Sham) non-sleep deprived subjects run in a second experiment. INTERVENTIONS: Our previous covariance analysis had identified a network, including occipital cortex, which demonstrated individual differences in resilience to the deleterious effects of sleep deprivation on WM performance. Five Hz rTMS was applied to left lateral occipital cortex while subjects performed a WM task during 4 sessions over the course of 2 days of total sleep deprivation. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: At the end of the sleep deprivation period, Sham sleep deprived subjects exhibited degraded performance in the WM task. In contrast, those receiving Active rTMS did not show the slowing and lapsing typical in sleep deprivation, and instead performed similarly to non- sleep deprived subjects. Importantly, the Active sleep deprivation group showed rTMS-induced facilitation of WM performance a full 18 hours after the last rTMS session. CONCLUSIONS: Over the course of sleep deprivation, these results indicate that rTMS applied concurrently with WM task performance affected neural circuitry involved in WM to prevent its full impact.
Invertibility of random matrices: unitary and orthogonal perturbations
Creators: name: Rudelson, Mark
name: Vershynin, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60B20

description: We show that a perturbation of any fixed square matrix D by a random unitary matrix is well invertible with high probability. A similar result holds for perturbations by random orthogonal matrices; the only notable exception is when D is close to orthogonal. As an application, these results completely eliminate a hard-to-check condition from the Single Ring Theorem by Guionnet, Krishnapur and Zeitouni.
description: 46 pages. A more general result on orthogonal perturbations of complex matrices added. It rectified an inaccuracy in application to Single Ring Theorem for orthogonal matrices
Which potential linguistic challenges do pre-service teachers identify in a mathematical expository text?
Creators: name: Strohmaier, Anselm R.
name: Albrecht, Isabel
name: Schmitz, Anke
name: Kuhl, Poldi
name: Leiss, Dominik
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 370 - Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen

description: Language is a crucial aspect of mathematical thinking and learning, and it is therefore essential for teachers to be equipped with the skills required for linguistically responsive teaching. This includes the ability to identify potential linguistic challenges in expository texts. In the present study, we investigated the ability of pre-service teachers (N = 115) to identify potential linguistic challenges in a mathematical expository text for ninth graders. Participants identified about 12% of the potential linguistic challenges that were previously identified by a reference expert group. They identified challenges more frequently that were on the word level and considered to be mathematics-specific by the experts. Subjective judgements of disciplinarity of the challenges differed between participants, and between participants and experts. No differences in the ability to identify potential linguistic challenges were found between participants who studied language arts (German or English) or mathematics as a subject. Our results indicate that pre-service teachers may not be adequately prepared to identify and respond to linguistic challenges in mathematical expository texts.
Crotophaga ani Linnaeus 1758
Creators: name: Fischer, Wagner
name: Faria de Godoi, Raquel
name: Conceição Paranhos Filho, Antonio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Cuculiformes
Cuculidae
Crotophaga
Crotophaga ani

description: Crotophaga ani Linnaeus, 1758 Records. Table 3. The Smooth-billed Ani individuals were distinguished by their size (Wc = 34.5 cm ± 0.7; n = 6), flat black, long tail, and deeply ridged black bill.
description: Published as part of Fischer, Wagner, Faria de Godoi, Raquel & Conceição Paranhos Filho, Antonio, 2018, Roadkill records of reptiles and birds in Cerrado and Pantanal landscapes, pp. 845-876 in Check List 14 (5) on page 870, DOI: 10.15560/14.5.845
Branching diffusions in random environment
Creators: name: Böinghoff, Christian
name: Hutzenthaler, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the diffusion approximation of branching processes in random environment (BPREs). This diffusion approximation is similar to and mathematically more tractable than BPREs. We obtain the exact asymptotic behavior of the survival probability. As in the case of BPREs, there is a phase transition in the subcritical regime due to different survival opportunities. In addition, we characterize the process conditioned to never go extinct and establish a backbone construction. In the strongly subcritical regime, mean offspring numbers are increased but still subcritical in the process conditioned to never go extinct. Here survival is solely due to an immortal individual, whose offspring are the ancestors of additional families. In the weakly subcritical regime, the mean offspring number is supercritical in the process conditioned to never go extinct. Thus this process survives with positive probability even if there was no immortal individual.
description: 30 pages
The giant graviton on AdS_{4} x CP^{3} - another step towards the emergence of geometry
Creators: name: Giovannoni, Dino
name: Murugan, Jeff
name: Prinsloo, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct the giant graviton on AdS_{4} x CP^{3} out of a four-brane embedded in and moving on the complex projective space. This configuration is dual to the totally anti-symmetric Schur polynomial operator χ_{R}(A_{1}B_{1}) in the 2+1-dimensional, N = 6 super Chern-Simons ABJM theory. We demonstrate that this BPS solution of the D4-brane action is energetically degenerate with the point graviton solution and initiate a study of its spectrum of small fluctuations. Although the full computation of this spectrum proves to be analytically intractable, by perturbing around a "small'" giant graviton, we find good evidence for a dependence of the spectrum on the size, α_{0}, of the giant. This is a direct result of the changing shape of the worldvolume as it grows in size.
description: 46 pages, 7 figures. Further details added to section 6 - the solutions to the leading order fluctuation equations and the leading order spectrum have been obtained - and additional comments added to the discussion. Additional references added. Mistake in section 2 corrected
Shishalh responses to the colonial conflict (1791-present) : resilience in the face of disease, missionaries and colonization
Creators: name: Merchant, Peter S.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Anthropological research regarding Coast Salish responses to the colonial conflict has held a central place in Northwest Coast anthropology for decades. Recently, it has been argued that “inordinate” attention has been given to these developments as processes of assimilation, rather than as strategic responses. This process has been viewed by the Crown as the inevitable absorption of the Coast Salish into what would become Canadian society: a result that has been facilitated by the forces of colonialism, including missionization, removal of the Coast Salish from their land, and its resources and the perceived desire of the Coast Salish to adopt Euro-Canadian practices and institutions. Through the exploration of ethnographic accounts, oral narratives, historical documents, and archaeological evidence, I illustrate how one Coast Salish people, the shishalh, have responded to and (when possible), resisted the political, social and economic stresses of the colonial conflict. I argue that shishalh resistance can be observed in the complex pattern of population redistribution from the period immediately prior to and following the smallpox epidemics of the late 18th century, and subsequent European contact and colonization. Through the use of oral narratives I situate the identified changes in population distribution within the broader framework of shishalh history, allowing for the contextualization of population restructuring in the post-contact period, not as an isolated response to the calamitous effects of contact, but more accurately as the latest in a long line of shishalh responses to changing circumstances throughout their history. Post-contact shishalh history is poorly understood by outsiders, and little academic research has been dedicated to this period of rapid, social and political reorganization. Privileging shishalh accounts provides an emic perspective and an alternative to standard scholarly interpretations of the colonial conflict that has traditionally relied on outsiders’ perspectives. By foregrounding shishalh oral history my approach includes a distinctive shishalh voice to the interpretation of this seminal event.
Guira guira guira (Gmelin 1788
Creators: name: Fischer, Wagner
name: Faria de Godoi, Raquel
name: Conceição Paranhos Filho, Antonio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Cuculiformes
Cuculidae
Guira
Guira guira

description: Guira guira (Gmelin, 1788) Records. Table 3. Guira Cuckoo individuals were identified by size (Wc = 37.8 cm ± 1.8; n = 4), whitish-buff underparts and rump, dark brownish upperparts, long white-tipped dark tail, orange-rufous crest, bare yellow ocular-skin, and orange-yellow bill.
description: Published as part of Fischer, Wagner, Faria de Godoi, Raquel & Conceição Paranhos Filho, Antonio, 2018, Roadkill records of reptiles and birds in Cerrado and Pantanal landscapes, pp. 845-876 in Check List 14 (5) on page 870, DOI: 10.15560/14.5.845
Bilingualism Does Not Alter Cognitive Decline or Dementia Risk among Spanish-Speaking Immigrants
Creators: name: Zahodne, Laura B.
name: Schofield, Peter R. W.
name: Farrell, Meagan T.
name: Stern, Yaakov
name: Manly, Jennifer J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Neuropsychology
Cognition--Age factors
Bilingualism
Dementia
Executive functions (Neuropsychology)

description: OBJECTIVE: Clinic-based studies suggest that dementia is diagnosed at older ages in bilinguals compared with monolinguals. The current study sought to test this hypothesis in a large, prospective, community-based study of initially nondemented Hispanic immigrants living in a Spanish-speaking enclave of northern Manhattan. METHOD: Participants included 1,067 participants in the Washington/Hamilton Heights Inwood Columbia Aging Project (WHICAP) who were tested in Spanish and followed at 18-24 month intervals for up to 23 years. Spanish-English bilingualism was estimated via both self-report and an objective measure of English reading level. Multilevel models for change estimated the independent effects of bilingualism on cognitive decline in 4 domains: episodic memory, language, executive function, and speed. Over the course of the study, 282 participants developed dementia. Cox regression was used to estimate the independent effect of bilingualism on dementia conversion. Covariates included country of origin, gender, education, time spent in the United States, recruitment cohort, and age at enrollment. RESULTS: Independent of the covariates, bilingualism was associated with better memory and executive function at baseline. However, bilingualism was not independently associated with rates of cognitive decline or dementia conversion. Results were similar whether bilingualism was measured via self-report or an objective test of reading level. CONCLUSIONS: This study does not support a protective effect of bilingualism on age-related cognitive decline or the development of dementia. In this sample of Hispanic immigrants, bilingualism is related to higher initial scores on cognitive tests and higher educational attainment and may not represent a unique source of cognitive reserve.
A Novel, Robust Quantum Detection Scheme
Creators: name: Hemmerling, Boerge
name: Gebert, Florian
name: Wan, Yong
name: Schmidt, Piet O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Protocols used in quantum information and precision spectroscopy rely on efficient internal quantum state discrimination. With a single ion in a linear Paul trap, we implement a novel detection method which utilizes correlations between two detection events with an intermediate spin-flip. The technique is experimentally characterized as more robust against fluctuations in detection laser power compared to conventionally implemented methods. Furthermore, systematic detection errors which limit the Rabi oscillation contrast in conventional methods are overcome.
Athene cunicularia
Creators: name: Fischer, Wagner
name: Faria de Godoi, Raquel
name: Conceição Paranhos Filho, Antonio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Strigiformes
Strigidae
Athene
Athene cunicularia

description: Athene cunicularia (Molina, 1782) Records. Table 3. Burrowing Owls are a small-bodied species (Wc = 18.0 cm) and individuals had round heads, lacked ear tufts, and had relatively long legs (Fig. 15). The plumage was sandy brown on the upperparts with whitish spots on the body, while the face was adorned with bold whitish eyebrows and a prominent white chin stripe; the underparts were buff-white with brown barring.
description: Published as part of Fischer, Wagner, Faria de Godoi, Raquel & Conceição Paranhos Filho, Antonio, 2018, Roadkill records of reptiles and birds in Cerrado and Pantanal landscapes, pp. 845-876 in Check List 14 (5) on page 871, DOI: 10.15560/14.5.845
Quadratic Residues and Non-residues in Arithmetic Progression
Creators: name: Wright, Steve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11D09 (Primary) 11M99, 11L40 (Secondary)

description: Let S be an infinite set of non-empty, finite subsets of the nonnegative integers. If p is an odd prime, let c(p) denote the cardinality of the set {T {\in} S : T {\subseteq} {1,...,p-1} and T is a set of quadratic residues (respectively, non-residues) of p}. When S is constructed in various ways from the set of all arithmetic progressions of nonnegative integers, we determine the sharp asymptotic behavior of c(p) as p {\to} +{\infty}. Generalizations and variations of this are also established, and some problems connected with these results that are worthy of further study are discussed.
description: 43 pages, 6 figures. Minor corrections and improvements to previous manuscript
Towards singularity and ghost free theories of gravity
Creators: name: Biswas, Tirthabir
name: Gerwick, Erik
name: Koivisto, Tomi
name: Mazumdar, Anupam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the most general covariant ghost-free gravitational action in a Minkowski vacuum. Apart from the much studied f(R) models, this includes a large class of non-local actions with improved UV behavior, which nevertheless recover Einstein's general relativity in the IR.
description: 4 pages; redundancies in action eliminated; references added and a few minor typos corrected
BOLD Neurovascular Coupling Does Not Change Significantly with Normal Aging
Creators: name: Grinband, Jack
name: Steffener, Jason
name: Razlighi, Qolamreza R.
name: Stern, Yaakov
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neurology
subject: Aging
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cognition
subject: Brain mapping

description: Studies of cognitive function that compare the blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signal across age groups often require the assumption that neurovascular coupling does not change with age. Tests of this assumption have produced mixed results regarding the strength of the coupling and its relative time course. Using deconvolution, we found that age does not have a significant effect on the time course of the hemodynamic impulse response function or on the slope of the BOLD versus stimulus duration relationship. These results suggest that in cognitive studies of healthy aging, group differences in BOLD activation are likely due to age-related changes in cognitive-neural interactions and information processing rather than to impairments in neurovascular coupling.
DELEGATION OF AUTHORITY AS A TOOL FOR MAXIMIZING ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE (A STUDY OF SELECTED MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN ENUGU METROPOLIS
Creators: name: Ugwa, Magnus  Ph.D
name: Egbo, Doris Ebenouvbe Ph.D
name: Uyiekpen, Precious Osamede
Publisher: name: SADI Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: Authority
Delegation
Maximizing Organizational
Performance

description: Generally, delegation of authority has not been considered a paramount and efficient instrument in organizational administration in Nigeria as much as it is in North American and European Organizations where authority decentralization and delegation is regarded as a necessary element for effective management. Specifically, this study examined the significant effect of delegation of authority on organizational efficiency. The study also ascertained the significant impact of delegation of authority on organizational effectiveness and productivity. The study adopted descriptive and explanatory research designs. This research relied on field survey method through administering questionnaire to the respondents. The relationship between delegation and subordinate performance were examined in a field study conducted in selected manufacturing firms within Enugu metropolis. A t-test statistics was used to test the two hypotheses. The results revealed that there is a significant impact between delegation of authority and efficiency at selected manufacturing firms. This impact and factors behind it affects employee performance as well. The result also indicated that there is a significant impact between delegation of authority and effectiveness/productivity at selected manufacturing firms. This also portrays the level of influence delegation of authority has on employees individually. The study concluded that effective delegation gives subordinates the chance to incorporate their values in the work environment and, in many cases, to undertake activities of special interest to them. By increasing employees' involvement in the organization, the management boosts their enthusiasm for their work. Consequently, delegation of authority provides employees with an opportunity to invest something of themselves in their job giving them a feeling of involvement in the work as well as its results. Delegation of authority therefore enhances employee's sense of accomplishment, as it is more rewarding to be able to congratulate oneself for a task that is well planned and executed
A construction of finite index C*-algebra inclusions from free actions of compact quantum groups
Creators: name: De Commer, Kenny
name: Yamashita, Makoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B37, 81R50, 46L08

description: Given an action of a compact quantum group on a unital C*-algebra, one can amplify the action with an adjoint representation of the quantum group on a finite dimensional matrix algebra, and consider the resulting inclusion of fixed point algebras. We show that this inclusion is a finite index inclusion of C*-algebras when the quantum group acts freely. We show that two natural definitions for a quantum group to act freely, namely the Ellwood condition and the saturatedness condition, are equivalent.
description: 24 pages; small changes made, also added some more comments concerning history of the topic
Glaucidium brasilianum
Creators: name: Fischer, Wagner
name: Faria de Godoi, Raquel
name: Conceição Paranhos Filho, Antonio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Ranunculales
Ranunculaceae
Glaucidium
Glaucidium brasilianum

description: Glaucidium brasilianum (Gmelin, 1788) Records. Table 3. Ferruginous Pygmy-owls were distinguished by size (Wc = 19.8 cm ± 0.4; n = 2), shape, and color pattern (Fig. 15). The upperparts were drab brown; there were whitish spots on the scapulars and wing coverts, narrow longitudinal buff streaks on crown and nape, a broken white collar across the nape (white throat), a brown tail with transverse whitish bars, and a white belly broadly streaked with brown.
description: Published as part of Fischer, Wagner, Faria de Godoi, Raquel & Conceição Paranhos Filho, Antonio, 2018, Roadkill records of reptiles and birds in Cerrado and Pantanal landscapes, pp. 845-876 in Check List 14 (5) on page 871, DOI: 10.15560/14.5.845
The effects of microstructural features and process parameters on the hottearing in direct chill cast aluminum alloys
Creators: name: Jamaly, M A M Nasim
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Hot tearing is an irreversible failure that occurs above the the solidus temperature of an alloy during casting, in the presence of a liquid phase. These cracks possess serious quality implications in industrial direct chill (DC) casting process. During solidification, thermal stresses are induced due to the heterogeneous temperature distribution, which causes variations in thermal strain and may result in cracks if these stresses are large enough. In order to investigate the occurrence of hot tears in DC casting, a DC casting finite element process model for round billets was incorporated with (1) a new semi-solid constitutive law for aluminum alloy AA5182 that takes into account cooling rate, grain size and porosity, and (2) a model for cooling rate induced grain size variation. A hot tearing index was calculated from the semi-solid strain predictions from the model. This hot tearing index, along with semi-solid stress predictions from the model, was used to link hot tearing with microstructural features (i.e. grain size and coalescence temperature) as well as process parameters (e.g. casting speed). It was found that grain refinement plays an important role in the formation of hot cracks. In addition, lower assumed coalescence temperature and slow casting speeds were found to improve hot tearing resistance. In addition to simulation of DC casting, experimental studies on an as cast AA5182 ingot (DC cast) were made in terms of grain size, chemical composition and solidification kinetics. Samples for these experiments were collected from the steady state region of the ingot. The results of these experimental investigations show that, (1) grain size increases from surface to centre of the ingot, (2) there is considerable macrosegregation of the alloying elements along the cross section of the ingot, and (3) the solidification kinetics vary as a function of both position and cooling rates. These experimental observations influence the hot tearing susceptibility of the DC cast product. Thus, for the process model to be more accurate in predicting hot tears, inclusion of these factors, along with an improved model for grain size variation is suggested.
Pulsatrix perspicillata NRR
Creators: name: Fischer, Wagner
name: Faria de Godoi, Raquel
name: Conceição Paranhos Filho, Antonio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Strigiformes
Strigidae
Pulsatrix
Pulsatrix perspicillata

description: Pulsatrix perspicillata (Latham, 1790) Record. Table 3. The Spectacled Owl individual was easily identified by size (Wc = 32.5 cm), shape, and color (Fig. 15). It had blackish brown upperparts, including head and upper breast, white eyebrows and facial markings, a pale beak, and yellowish-ochre underparts, with a brown, collar-like chest band which was broken up by buffy-whitish barring.
description: Published as part of Fischer, Wagner, Faria de Godoi, Raquel & Conceição Paranhos Filho, Antonio, 2018, Roadkill records of reptiles and birds in Cerrado and Pantanal landscapes, pp. 845-876 in Check List 14 (5) on page 871, DOI: 10.15560/14.5.845
Neptune's wild days: constraints from the eccentricity distribution of the classical Kuiper Belt
Creators: name: Dawson, Rebekah I.
name: Murray-Clay, Ruth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neptune's dynamical history shaped the current orbits of Kuiper belt objects (KBOs), leaving clues to the planet's orbital evolution. In the "classical" region, a population of dynamically "hot" high-inclination KBOs overlies a flat "cold" population with distinct physical properties. Simulations of qualitatively different histories for Neptune -including smooth migration on a circular orbit or scattering by other planets to a high eccentricity - have not simultaneously produced both populations. We explore a general Kuiper belt assembly model that forms hot classical KBOs interior to Neptune and delivers them to the classical region, where the cold population forms in situ. First, we present evidence that the cold population is confined to eccentricities well below the limit dictated by long-term survival. Therefore Neptune must deliver hot KBOs into the long-term survival region without excessively exciting the eccentricities of the cold population. Imposing this constraint, we explore the parameter space of Neptune's eccentricity and eccentricity damping, migration, and apsidal precession. We rule out much of parameter space, except where Neptune is scattered to a moderately eccentric orbit (e > 0.15) and subsequently migrates a distance Delta aN=1-6 AU. Neptune's moderate eccentricity must either damp quickly or be accompanied by fast apsidal precession. We find that Neptune's high eccentricity alone does not generate a chaotic sea in the classical region. Chaos can result from Neptune's interactions with Uranus, exciting the cold KBOs and placing additional constraints. Finally, we discuss how to interpret our constraints in the context of the full, complex dynamical history of the solar system.
description: Corrected typos and made wording changes. Corrected Fig. 8 (row 2) and Fig. 17. Reduced loading time of Fig. 13