cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Accelerometry-based classification of circulatory states during out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Creators: name: Kern, Wolfgang J.
name: Orlob, Simon
name: Bohn, Andreas
name: Toller, Wolfgang
name: Wnent, Jan
name: Gräsner, Jan-Thorsten
name: Holler, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: J.3

description: Objective: Exploit accelerometry data for an automatic, reliable, and prompt detection of spontaneous circulation during cardiac arrest, as this is both vital for patient survival and practically challenging. Methods: We developed a machine learning algorithm to automatically predict the circulatory state during cardiopulmonary resuscitation from 4-second-long snippets of accelerometry and electrocardiogram (ECG) data from pauses of chest compressions of real-world defibrillator records. The algorithm was trained based on 422 cases from the German Resuscitation Registry, for which ground truth labels were created by a manual annotation of physicians. It uses a kernelized Support Vector Machine classifier based on 49 features, which partially reflect the correlation between accelerometry and electrocardiogram data. Results: Evaluating 50 different test-training data splits, the proposed algorithm exhibits a balanced accuracy of 81.2%, a sensitivity of 80.6%, and a specificity of 81.8%, whereas using only ECG leads to a balanced accuracy of 76.5%, a sensitivity of 80.2%, and a specificity of 72.8%. Conclusion: The first method employing accelerometry for pulse/no-pulse decision yields a significant increase in performance compared to single ECG-signal usage. Significance: This shows that accelerometry provides relevant information for pulse/no-pulse decisions. In application, such an algorithm may be used to simplify retrospective annotation for quality management and, moreover, to support clinicians to assess circulatory state during cardiac arrest treatment.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Cyclophilin A complexed with a fragment of HIV-1 gag protein: insights into HIV-1 infectious activity
Creators: name: Chen, Yongquan
name: Schutkowski, Mike
name: Ke, Hengming
name: Fischer, Gunter
name: Zhao, Yingdong
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1997

description: BACKGROUND: Cyclophilin A (CyPA), a receptor of the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporin A, catalyzes the cis-trans isomerization of peptidyl-prolyl bonds and is required for the infectious activity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The crystal structure of CyPA complexed with a fragment of the HIV-1 gag protein should provide insights into the nature of CyPA-gag interactions and may suggest a role for CyPA in HIV-1 infectious activity. RESULTS: The crystal structure of CyPA complexed with a 25 amino acid peptide of HIV-1 gag capsid protein (25-mer) was determined and refined to an R factor of 0.195 at 1.8 A resolution. The sequence Ala88-Gly89-Pro90-Ile91 of the gag fragment is the major portion to bind to the active site of CyPA. Two residues of the 25-mer (Pro90-Ile91) bind to CyPA in a similar manner to two residues (Pro-Phe) of the CyPA substrate, succinyl-Ala-Ala-Pro-Phe-p-nitroanilide (AAPF). However, the N-terminus of the 25-mer (Ala88-Gly89) exhibits a different hydrogen-bonding pattern and molecular conformation than AAPF. The peptidyl-prolyl bond between Gly89 and Pro90 of the 25-mer has a trans conformation, in contrast to the cis conformation observed in other known CyPA-peptide complexes. The residue preceding proline, Gly89, has an unfavorable backbone conformation usually only adopted by glycine. CONCLUSIONS: The unfavorable backbone conformation of Gly89 of the gag 25-mer fragment suggests that binding between HIV-1 gag protein and CyPA requires a special sequence, Gly-Pro. Thus, in HIV-1 infectivity, CyPA is likely to function as a chaperone, rather than as a cis-trans isomerase. However, the observation of similarities between the C termini of the 25-mer and the substrate AAPF means that the involvement of the cis-trans isomerase activity of CyPA cannot be completely ruled out.
Bio-assisted synthesized Ag(0) nanoparticles immobilized on SBA-15/cyclodextrin nanosponge adduct: Efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the ultrasonic-assisted synthesis of benzopyranopyrimidines
Creators: name: Heravi, Majid Mommahed
name: Samaheh Sadjadi
name: Malmir, Masoumeh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 30502 Natural Products Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30302 Nanochemistry and Supramolecular Chemistry
subject: 30205 Non-metal Chemistry
subject: Nuclear Chemistry
subject: 30303 Optical Properties of Materials
subject: 30503 Organic Chemical Synthesis
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: 30599 Organic Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: 30504 Organic Green Chemistry
subject: 39904 Organometallic Chemistry

description: For the first time, SBA-15/cyclodextrin nanosponge adduct was synthesized through reaction of Cl-functionalized SBA-15 and amine-functionalized cyclodextrin nanosponge (CDNS). This adduct, which benefits from features of both SBA-15 and CDNS, was then used for immobilization of Ag(0) nanoparticles which were prepared and capped using a bio-based approach. Ag@CDNS–SBA-15 was applied as a heterogeneous catalyst for promoting the three-component reaction of benzaldehydes, 4-hydroxycoumarin and urea or thiourea under ultrasonic irradiation to furnish benzopyranopyrimidines. The reaction variables were optimized using response surface methodology. The catalytic activity of Ag@CDNS–SBA-15 was higher than those of Ag@CDNS, Ag@SBA-15 and Ag@SBA-15 + CDNS, confirming the contribution of both components to catalysis as well as a synergistic effect between CDNS and SBA-15. The role of CDNS was to accommodate the substrates and bring them to the vicinity of the Ag(0) nanoparticles. Notably the catalyst was reusable and could be recovered and reused for up to four reaction runs with slight Ag(0) leaching and loss of catalytic activity
title: Development of herding agents for marine oil spill response
Creators: name: Yu, Miao
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2021

description: This thesis tackles the development of herders as marine oil spill treating agents. In the first section of the thesis, a biosurfactant-based bioherder was generated and examined for marine oil spill response. The biosurfactant was produced by Rhodococcus erythropolis, a strain isolated from the North Atlantic Ocean. A commercial chemical herder, USN cold water blend, was used for performance comparison. Factors affecting herding effectiveness, including temperature, salinity, and oil/herder ratio, were investigated using the Design of Experiment methodology. Statistical analysis was employed to study the interactions among the factors on herding ability. Experimental results confirmed that the developed bio-herder can serve as an effective marine oil spill treating agent, and temperature and herder/oil ratio are significant factors affecting oil herding effectiveness. In the second section of the thesis, molecular design was conducted to obtain environmentally friendly herder products for marine oil spill response. The quantitative structure-activity relationship between molecular structures of herders and their activities (herding ability and toxicity) was firstly established using 3D-QSAR modeling. Span surfactants were selected as the model key components of herders. Two QSAR (CoMFA and CoMSIA) models were constructed, and ten molecularly modified span compounds were obtained. Molecular docking was carried out to further examine the biodegradability of one newly designed molecular. Through both studies, new herders (bio-herder and molecular modified herder) were generated, which are useful in herd production. In addition, the associated herding performance and environmental impacts were evaluated. Overall, this thesis work contributes new knowledge to the field and provides more sustainable options for marine oil spill response operations.
Structural basis of the oligomerization of hepatitis delta antigen
Creators: name: Hogle, James
name: Rozzelle, James
name: Erickson, Bruce
name: Lemon, Stanley
name: Zuccola, Harmon
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: BACKGROUND: The hepatitis D virus (HDV) is a small satellite virus of hepatitis B virus (HBV). Coinfection with HBV and HDV causes severe liver disease in humans. The small 195 amino-acid form of the hepatitis delta antigen (HDAg) functions as a trans activator of HDV replication. A larger form of the protein containing a 19 amino acid C-terminal extension inhibits viral replication. Both of these functions are mediated in part by a stretch of amino acids predicted to form a coiled coil (residues 13-48) that is common to both forms. It is believed that HDAg forms dimers and higher ordered structures through this coiled-coil region. RESULTS: The high-resolution crystal structure of a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues 12 to 60 of HDAg has been solved. The peptide forms an antiparallel coiled coil, with hydrophobic residues near the termini of each peptide forming an extensive hydrophobic core with residues C-terminal to the coiled-coil domain in the dimer protein. The structure shows how HDAg forms dimers, but also shows the dimers forming an octamer that forms a 50 A ring lined with basic sidechains. This is confirmed by cross-linking studies of full-length recombinant small HDAg. CONCLUSIONS: HDAg dimerizes through an antiparallel coiled coil. Dimers then associate further to form octamers through residues in the coiled-coil domain and residues C-terminal to this region. Our findings suggest that the structure of HDAg represents a previously unseen organization of a nucleocapsid protein and raise the possibility that the N terminus may play a role in binding the viral RNA.
$SU(n)$ symmetry breaking by rank three and rank two antisymmetric tensor scalars
Creators: name: Adler, Stephen L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study $SU(n)$ symmetry breaking by rank three and rank two antisymmetric tensor fields. Using tensor analysis, we derive branching rules for the adjoint and antisymmetric tensor representations, and explain why for general $SU(n)$ one finds the same $U(1)$ generator mismatch that we noted earlier in special cases. We then compute the masses of the various scalar fields in the branching expansion, in terms of parameters of the general renormalizable potential for the antisymmetric tensor fields.
description: Latex, 11 pages; v2 has a minor revision above Eq. (30)
Signatures of directed and spontaneous flocking
Creators: name: Brambati, Martino
name: Fava, Giuseppe
name: Ginelli, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collective motion - or flocking - is an emergent phenomena that underlies many biological processes of relevance, from cellular migrations to animal groups movement. In this work, we derive scaling relations for the fluctuations of the mean direction of motion and for the static density structure factor (which encodes static density fluctuations) in the presence of a homogeneous, small external field. This allows us to formulate two different and complementary criteria capable of detecting instances of directed motion exclusively from easily measurable dynamical and static signatures of the collective dynamics, without the need to detect correlations with environmental cues. The static one is informative in large enough systems, while the dynamical one requires large observation times to be effective. We believe these criteria may prove useful to detect or confirm the directed nature of collective motion in in vivo experimental observations, which are typically conducted in complex and not fully controlled environments.
description: 11 pages
The Gould's Belt Very Large Array Survey II: The Serpens region
Creators: name: Ortiz-León, Gisela N.
name: Loinard, Laurent
name: Mioduszewski, Amy J.
name: Dzib, Sergio A.
name: Rodríguez, Luis F.
name: Pech, Gerardo
name: Rivera, Juana
name: Torres, Rosa M.
name: Boden, Andrew
name: Hartmann, Lee W.
name: Evans, Neal J.
name: Briceño, Cesar
name: Tobin, John J.
name: Kounkel, Marina A.
name: González-Lópezlira, Rosa A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present deep ($\sim 17~μ$Jy) radio continuum observations of the Serpens molecular cloud, the Serpens south cluster, and the W40 region obtained using the Very Large Array in its A configuration. We detect a total of 146 sources, 29 of which are young stellar objects (YSOs), 2 are BV stars and 5 more are associated with phenomena related to YSOs. Based on their radio variability and spectral index, we propose that about 16 of the remaining 110 unclassified sources are also YSOs. For approximately 65% of the known YSOs detected here as radio sources, the emission is most likely non-thermal, and related to stellar coronal activity. As also recently observed in Ophiuchus, our sample of YSOs with X-ray counterparts lies below the fiducial Güdel & Benz relation. Finally, we analyze the proper motions of 9 sources in the W40 region. This allows us to better constrain the membership of the radio sources in the region.
description: Accepted in The Astrophysical Journal
title: The Macroeconomic Effects of Debt Relief Policies During Recessions
Creators: name: Lee, Soyoung
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2023

description: I study debt relief as a stimulus policy using a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model that captures the rich heterogeneity in households’ balance sheets. In this environment, a large-scale mortgage principal reduction can amplify a recovery, support house prices and lower foreclosures. The nature of the intervention, in terms of its eligibility, liquidity and financing, shapes its macroeconomic impact. This impact rests on how resources are redistributed across households that vary in their marginal propensities to consume. The availability of bankruptcy on unsecured debt quantitatively changes the macroeconomic response to large-scale mortgage relief by reducing precautionary savings.
description: J’étudie le recours à l’allègement de la dette comme politique de relance. Pour ce faire, j’utilise un modèle dynamique stochastique d’équilibre général qui tient compte de la grande hétérogénéité des bilans des ménages. Dans ce contexte, une réduction à grande échelle du capital des prêts hypothécaires peut accentuer la reprise, soutenir la croissance des prix des logements et freiner les saisies immobilières. La nature de l’intervention – critères d’admissibilité, types de liquidités et modes de financement – détermine ses effets macroéconomiques. L’ampleur de ces effets dépend de la façon dont les ressources sont redistribuées aux différents ménages selon leur propension marginale à consommer. La possibilité de déclarer faillite pour radier des créances non garanties change de manière quantitative la réaction macroéconomique aux mesures d’allègement hypothécaire à grande échelle en réduisant l’épargne de précaution.
Existence and limit behavior of least energy solutions to constrained Schrödinger-Bopp-Podolsky systems in $\mathbb{R}^3$
Creators: name: Ramos, Gustavo de Paula
name: Siciliano, Gaetano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B38

description: Consider the following Schrödinger-Bopp-Podolsky system in $\mathbb{R}^3$ under an $L^2$-norm constraint, \[ \begin{cases} -Δu + ωu + ϕu = u|u|^{p-2},\newline -Δϕ+ a^2Δ^2ϕ=4πu^2,\newline \|u\|_{L^2}=ρ, \end{cases} \] where $a,ρ>0$ and our unknowns are $u,ϕ\colon\mathbb{R}^3\to\mathbb{R}^3$ and $ω\in\mathbb{R}$. We prove that if $20$ is sufficiently small (resp., sufficiently large), then this system admits a least energy solution. Moreover, we prove that if $20$ is sufficiently small, then least energy solutions are radially symmetric up to translation and as $a\to 0$, they converge to a least energy solution of the Schrödinger-Poisson-Slater system under the same $L^2$-norm constraint.
description: 16 pages
A multi-scale approach to microstructure-sensitive thermal fatigue in solder joints
Creators: name: Xu, Yilun
name: Xian, Jingwei
name: Stoyanov, Stoyan
name: Bailey, Chris
name: Coyle, Richard J.
name: Gourlay, Christopher M.
name: Dunne, Fionn P. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents a multi-scale modelling approach to investigate the underpinning mechanisms of microstructure-sensitive damage of single crystal Sn-3Ag-0.5Cu (wt%, SAC305) solder joints of a Ball Grid Array (BGA) board assembly subject to thermal cycling. The multi-scale scheme couples board-scale modelling at the continuum macro-scale and individual solder modelling at the crystal micro-scale. Systematic studies of tin crystal orientation and its role in fatigue damage have been compared to experimental observations. Crystallographic orientation is examined with respect to damage development, providing evidence-based optimal solder microstructural design for in-service thermomechanical fatigue.
(100245) Elizabeth Rees
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Improvement of the Yeast Protein Content in a Continuous Hemicellulose Hydrolysate Fermentation
Creators: name: Keijzers, Joris
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Single Cell Protein (SCP)
subject: Yeasts
subject: Continuous Fermentation
subject: Hemicellulose hydrolysate
subject: Pentoses Hexoses

description: Arbeit an der Bibliothek noch nicht eingelangt - Daten nicht geprueft - gesperrte Arbeit (bis 2026-07-22+02:00)
description: Abweichender Titel nach Übersetzung der Verfasserin/des Verfassers
(100247) Griffith Llewellyn
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Entanglement entropy converges to classical entropy around periodic orbits
Creators: name: Asplund, Curtis T.
name: Berenstein, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider oscillators evolving subject to a periodic driving force that dynamically entangles them, and argue that this gives the linearized evolution around periodic orbits in a general chaotic Hamiltonian dynamical system. We show that the entanglement entropy, after tracing over half of the oscillators, generically asymptotes to linear growth at a rate given by the sum of the positive Lyapunov exponents of the system. These exponents give a classical entropy growth rate, in the sense of Kolmogorov, Sinai and Pesin. We also calculate the dependence of this entropy on linear mixtures of the oscillator Hilbert space factors, to investigate the dependence of the entanglement entropy on the choice of coarse-graining. We find that for almost all choices the asymptotic growth rate is the same.
description: 22 pages + appendices. v2: Added one figure and one reference
Numerical calculation of spectral functions of the Bose-Hubbard model using B-DMFT
Creators: name: Panas, Jaromir
name: Kauch, Anna
name: Kuneš, Jan
name: Vollhardt, Dieter
name: Byczuk, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the momentum dependent spectral function of the Bose-Hubbard model on a simple cubic lattice in three dimensions within the bosonic dynamical mean-field theory (B-DMFT). The continuous-time quantum Monte Carlo method is used to solve the self-consistent B-DMFT equations together with the maximum entropy method for the analytic continuation to real frequencies. Results for weak, intermediate, and strong interactions are presented. In the limit of weak and strong interactions very good agreement with results obtained by perturbation theory is found. By contrast, at intermediate interactions the results differ significantly, indicating that in this regime perturbative methods fail do describe the dynamics of interacting bosons.
description: Bigger figures in version 2; no significant changes in text
Core formation via filament fragmentation and the impact of ambient pressure on it
Creators: name: Anathpindika, S.
name: Di Francesco, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Prestellar cores are generally spheroidal, some of which appear oblate while others appear prolate. Very few of them appear circular in projection. Little, however, is understood about the processes or the physical conditions under which prolate/oblate cores form. We find that an initially sub-critical filament experiencing relatively low pressure ($\lesssim 10^{4}$ K cm$^{-3}$) forms prolate cores (i.e., those with axial ratios in excess of unity) via gradual accumulation of gas in density crests. Meanwhile, a filament that is initially transcritical and experiences pressure similar to that in the Solar neighbourhood (between $\mathrm{few}\ \times 10^{4}$ K cm$^{-3}$ - $\mathrm{few}\ \times 10^{5}$ K cm$^{-3}$) forms oblate cores (i.e., those with axial ratios less than unity) via \emph{Jeans like} fragmentation. At higher pressure, however, fragments within the filament do not tend to survive as they rebound soon after formation. We also argue that quasi-oscillatory features of velocity gradient observed along the filament axis, and in the direction orthogonal to the axis, are integral to the filament evolution process and arise due to the growth of corrugations on its surface. The axial component of the velocity gradient, in particular, traces the gas-flow along the filament length. We therefore posit that it could be used to constrain the filament-formation mechanism. The magnitude of the respective components of velocity gradients increases with increasing external pressure.
description: 20 pages; 15 figures; Accepted for publication in MNRAS Low resolution figures have been deliberately included here to make the article compatible with Arxiv submission rules
One-dimensional projection of two-dimensional systems using spiral boundary conditions
Creators: name: Kadosawa, Masahiro
name: Nakamura, Masaaki
name: Ohta, Yukinori
name: Nishimoto, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce spiral boundary conditions (SBCs) as a useful tool for handling the shape of finite-size periodic clusters. Using SBCs, a lattice model for more than two dimensions can be exactly projected onto a one-dimensional (1D) periodic chain with translational invariance. Hence, the existing 1D techniques such as density-matrix renormalization group (DMRG), bosonization, Jordan-Wigner transformation, etc., can be effectively applied to the projected 1D model. First, we describe the 1D projection scheme for the two-dimensional (2D) square- and honeycomb-lattice tight-binding models in real and momentum space. Next, we discuss how the density of states and the ground-state energy approach their thermodynamic limits. Finally, to demonstrate the utility of SBCs in DMRG simulations, we estimate the magnitude of staggered magnetization of the 2D XXZ Heisenberg model as a function of XXZ anisotropy.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, supplementary material
(100244) Gwilym Christopher Bowring James
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
SwinNet: Swin Transformer drives edge-aware RGB-D and RGB-T salient object detection
Creators: name: Liu, Zhengyi
name: Tan, Yacheng
name: He, Qian
name: Xiao, Yun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are good at extracting contexture features within certain receptive fields, while transformers can model the global long-range dependency features. By absorbing the advantage of transformer and the merit of CNN, Swin Transformer shows strong feature representation ability. Based on it, we propose a cross-modality fusion model SwinNet for RGB-D and RGB-T salient object detection. It is driven by Swin Transformer to extract the hierarchical features, boosted by attention mechanism to bridge the gap between two modalities, and guided by edge information to sharp the contour of salient object. To be specific, two-stream Swin Transformer encoder first extracts multi-modality features, and then spatial alignment and channel re-calibration module is presented to optimize intra-level cross-modality features. To clarify the fuzzy boundary, edge-guided decoder achieves inter-level cross-modality fusion under the guidance of edge features. The proposed model outperforms the state-of-the-art models on RGB-D and RGB-T datasets, showing that it provides more insight into the cross-modality complementarity task.
description: Online published in TCSVT
Make Data Count Summit 2024 slides
Creators: name: Puebla, Iratxe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: data metrics
open data
Make Data Count
date evaluation
research assessment
Data Citation Corpus

description: The Make Data Count Summit 2024 took place in London (UK) on 5-6 September 2024 as a forum for dedicated discussion on data metrics and the responsible evaluation of data usage. The event brought together representatives across research and research-supporting organizations, government and policy institutions, and infrastructure providers to explore the steps needed in infrastructure, policy, and evaluation processes to accelerate adoption of evidence-based data usage metrics.

The slides cover the welcome sessions on both days as well as resources from the session that discussed the Data Citation Corpus and the pre-Summit hackathon.
Crystal Structure of the DH/PH Fragment of Dbs without Bound GTPase
Creators: name: Worthylake, David
name: Rossman, Kent
name: Sondek, John
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Dbl proteins are guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rho GTPases, containing adjacent Dbl homology (DH) and pleckstrin homology (PH) domains. This domain architecture is virtually invariant and typically required for full exchange potential. Several structures of DH/PH fragments bound to GTPases implicate the PH domain in nucleotide exchange. To more fully understand the functional linkage between DH and PH domains, we have determined the crystal structure of the DH/PH fragment of Dbs without bound GTPase. This structure is generally similar to previously determined structures of Dbs bound to GTPases albeit with greater apparent mobility between the DH and PH domains. These comparisons suggest that the DH and PH domains of Dbs are spatially primed for binding GTPases and small alterations in intradomain conformations that may be elicited by subtle biological responses, such as altered phosphoinositide levels, are sufficient to enhance exchange by facilitating interactions between the PH domain and GTPases.
(100240) Gertrude Elizabeth Sarah James
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Finite Model Theory and Proof Complexity revisited: Distinguishing graphs in Choiceless Polynomial Time and the Extended Polynomial Calculus
Creators: name: Pago, Benedikt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper extends prior work on the connections between logics from finite model theory and propositional/algebraic proof systems. We show that if all non-isomorphic graphs in a given graph class can be distinguished in the logic Choiceless Polynomial Time with counting (CPT), then they can also be distinguished in the bounded-degree extended polynomial calculus (EPC), and the refutations have roughly the same size as the resource consumption of the CPT-sentence. This allows to transfer lower bounds for EPC to CPT and thus constitutes a new potential approach towards better understanding the limits of CPT. A super-polynomial EPC lower bound for a PTIME-instance of the graph isomorphism problem would separate CPT from PTIME and thus solve a major open question in finite model theory. Further, using our result, we provide a model theoretic proof for the separation of bounded-degree polynomial calculus and bounded-degree extended polynomial calculus.
description: Full version of a paper to appear at CSL 2023
Crystal Structures of the Type III Effector Protein AvrPphF and Its Chaperone Reveal Residues Required for Plant Pathogenesis
Creators: name: Betts, Laurie
name: Sondek, John
name: Desveaux, Darrell
name: Nimchuk, Zachary
name: Chang, Jeff
name: Grant, Sarah
name: Dangl, Jeffery
name: Singer, Alex
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: The avrPphF locus from Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola, the causative agent of bean halo-blight disease, encodes proteins which either enhance virulence on susceptible hosts or elicit defense responses on hosts carrying the R1 resistance gene. Here we present the crystal structures of the two proteins from the avrPphF operon. The structure of AvrPphF ORF1 is strikingly reminiscent of type III chaperones from bacterial pathogens of animals, indicating structural conservation of these specialized chaperones, despite high sequence divergence. The AvrPphF ORF2 effector adopts a novel "mushroom"-like structure containing "head" and "stalk" subdomains. The head subdomain possesses limited structural homology to the catalytic domain of bacterial ADP-ribosyltransferases (ADP-RTs), though no ADP-RT activity was detected for AvrPphF ORF2 in standard assays. Nonetheless, this structural similarity identified two clusters of conserved surface-exposed residues important for both virulence mediated by AvrPphF ORF2 and recognition of this effector by bean plants expressing the R1 resistance gene.
Localized surface plasmon resonance in silver nanoparticles: Atomistic first-principles time-dependent density-functional theory calculations
Creators: name: Kuisma, Mikael
name: Sakko, Arto
name: Rossi, Tuomas P.
name: Larsen, Ask H.
name: Enkovaara, Jussi
name: Lehtovaara, Lauri
name: Rantala, Tapio T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observe using ab initio methods that localized surface plasmon resonances in icosahedral silver nanoparticles enter the asymptotic region already between diameters of 1 and 2 nm, converging close to the classical quasistatic limit around 3.4 eV. We base the observation on time-dependent density-functional theory simulations of the icosahedral silver clusters Ag$_{55}$ (1.06 nm), Ag$_{147}$ (1.60 nm), Ag$_{309}$ (2.14 nm), and Ag$_{561}$ (2.68 nm). The simulation method combines the adiabatic GLLB-SC exchange-correlation functional with real time propagation in an atomic orbital basis set using the projector-augmented wave method. The method has been implemented for the electron structure code GPAW within the scope of this work. We obtain good agreement with experimental data and modeled results, including photoemission and plasmon resonance. Moreover, we can extrapolate the ab initio results to the classical quasistatically modeled icosahedral clusters.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
New Insights into FAK Signaling and Localization Based on Detection of a FAT Domain Folding Intermediate
Creators: name: Campbell, Sharon
name: Schaller, Michael
name: Prutzman, Kirk
name: Khare, Sagar
name: Dixon, Richard
name: Ding, Feng
name: Dokholyan, Nikolay
name: Chen, Yiwen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Mounting evidence suggests that the focal adhesion targeting (FAT) domain, an antiparallel four-helix bundle, exists in alternative conformations that may modulate phosphorylation, ligand binding, and the subcellular localization of focal adhesion kinase (FAK). In order to characterize the conformational dynamics of the FAT domain, we have developed a novel method for reconstructing the folding pathway of the FAT domain by using discrete molecular dynamics (DMD) simulations, with free energy constraints derived from NMR hydrogen exchange data. The DMD simulations detect a folding intermediate, in which a cooperative unfolding event causes helix 1 to lose helical character while separating from the helix bundle. The conformational dynamic features of helix 1 in the intermediate state of the FAT domain are likely to facilitate Y926 phosphorylation, yet interfere with paxillin binding. The presence of this intermediate state in vivo may promote FAK signaling via the ERK/MAPK pathway and by release of FAK from focal adhesions.
Light propagation in a plasma on an axially symmetric and stationary spacetime: Separability of the Hamilton-Jacobi equation and shadow
Creators: name: Bezdekova, Barbora
name: Perlick, Volker
name: Bicak, Jiri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of light rays around compact objects surrounded by a plasma are affected by both strong gravitational fields described by a general-relativistic spacetime and by a dispersive and refractive medium, characterized by the density distribution of the plasma. We study these effects employing the relativistic Hamiltonian formalism under the assumption of stationarity and axisymmetry. The necessary and sufficient conditions on the metric and on the plasma frequency are formulated, such that the rays can be analytically determined from a fully separated Hamilton-Jacobi equation. We demonstrate how these results allow to analytically calculate the photon region and the shadow, if they exist. Several specific examples are discussed in detail: the "hairy" Kerr black holes, the Hartle-Thorne spacetime metrics, the Melvin universe, and the Teo rotating traversable wormhole. In all of these cases a plasma medium is present as well.
description: to appear in Journal of Mathematical Physics
Green bio-based synthesis of Fe2O3@SiO2-IL/Ag hollow spheres and their catalytic utility for ultrasonic-assisted synthesis of propargylamines and benzo[b]furans
Creators: name: Heravi, Majid Mommahed
name: Samahe Sadjadi
name: Malmir, Masoumeh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 30303 Optical Properties of Materials
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30503 Organic Chemical Synthesis
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: 30599 Organic Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: 39904 Organometallic Chemistry
subject: 30504 Organic Green Chemistry
subject: 30302 Nanochemistry and Supramolecular Chemistry
subject: 30502 Natural Products Chemistry
subject: 30205 Non-metal Chemistry
subject: Nuclear Chemistry

description: A novel magnetic hybrid system containing nano‐magnetic Fe2O3 hollow spheres, silica shell, [pmim]Cl ionic liquid and silver nanoparticles was synthesized and characterized. The silver nanoparticles were prepared via biosynthesis using Achillea millefolium flower as reducing and stabilizing agent. The hybrid system was successfully used as an efficient and reusable catalyst for promoting green ultrasonic‐assisted A3 and KA2 coupling reactions as well as benzo[b]furan synthesis. It was found that decoration of the magnetic core with non‐magnetic moieties decreased the maximum saturation magnetization. However, the catalyst was still superparamagnetic and could be simply separated from the reaction mixture using an external magnet. The heterogeneous nature of the catalyst was also confirmed by studying its reusability and stability and the leaching of silver. Use of aqueous media, high yields, short reaction times, broad substrate tolerance and low required amount of catalyst are the merits of this protocol.
Precise mass and radius measurements for the components of the bright solar-type eclipsing binary star V1094 Tau
Creators: name: Maxted, P. F. L.
name: Hutcheon, R. J.
name: Torres, G.
name: Lacy, C. H. S.
name: Southworth, J.
name: Smalley, B.
name: Pavlovski, K.
name: Marschall, L. A.
name: Clausen, J. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: V1094 Tau is bright eclipsing binary star with an orbital period close to 9 days containing two stars similar to the Sun. Our aim is to test models of Sun-like stars using precise and accurate mass and radius measurements for both stars in V1094 Tau. We present new spectroscopy of V1094 Tau which we use to estimate the effective temperatures of both stars and to refine their spectroscopic orbits. We also present new, high-quality photometry covering both eclipses of V1094 Tau in the Stroemgren uvby system and in the Johnson V-band. The masses, radii and effective temperatures of the stars in V1094 Tau are found to be M$_A$ = 1.0965 $\pm$ 0.0040 M$_{\odot}$, R$_A$ = 1.4109 $\pm$ 0.0058 R$_{\odot}$, T$_{\rm eff,A}$ = 5850 $\pm$ 100 K, and M$_B$ = 1.0120 $\pm$ 0.0028 M$_{\odot}$, R$_B$ = 1.1063 $\pm$ 0.0066 R$_{\odot}$, T$_{\rm eff,B}$ = 5700 $\pm$ 100 K. An analysis of the times of mid-eclipse and the radial velocity data reveals apsidal motion with a period of 14500 $\pm$ 3700 years. The observed masses, radii and effective temperatures are consistent with stellar models for an age $\approx$ 6 Gyr if the stars are assumed to have a metallicity similar to the Sun. This estimate is in reasonable agreement with our estimate of the metallicity derived using Stroemgren photometry and treating the binary as a single star ([Fe/H] $= -0.09 \pm 0.11$). The rotation velocities of the stars suggest that V1094 Tau is close to the limit at which tidal interactions between the stars force them to rotate pseudo-synchronously with the orbital motion.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A. N.B. this version contains the correct masses and radii as published in the final version accepted for A&A, which are slightly different to those in the first version uploaded to arXiv
Cosmology in Brans-Dicke-de Rham-Gabadadze-Tolley massive gravity
Creators: name: Kazempour, Sobhan
name: Akbarieh, Amin Rezaei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce the Brans-Dick de Rham-Gabadadze-Tolley massive gravity theory which is the new extension of nonlinear massive gravity. We demonstrate a detailed study of the cosmological properties of this theory of gravity, and we show the transformation of the Jordan frame to the Einstein frame. We obtain the cosmological background equations and show the analyses of self-accelerating solutions for explaining the accelerated expansion of the Universe. In the following, we analyze the background perturbations, which consist of tensor, vector, and scalar perturbations within the framework of the Brans-Dick dRGT massive gravity in the Friedman-Lemaıtre-Robertson-Walker cosmology.
Einleitung : Literaturen des Bürgerkriegs - Überlegungen zu ihren soziohistorischen und ästhetischen Konfigurationen
Creators: name: Bandau, Anja
name: Buschmann, Albrecht
name: Von Treskow, Isabella
Publisher: name: Berlin : Trafo-Verlag
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Romanische Sprachen
subject: Literatur
subject: Bürgerkrieg
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::400 | Sprache, Linguistik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::320 | Politik

description: [No abstract available]
Determining Satellite Infall Times Using Machine Learning
Creators: name: Barmentloo, Stan
name: Cautun, Marius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A key unknown of the Milky Way (MW) satellites is their orbital history, and, in particular, the time they were accreted onto the MW system since it marks the point where they experience a multitude of environmental processes. We present a new methodology for determining infall times, namely using a neural network (NN) algorithm. The NN is trained on MW-analogues in the EAGLE hydrodynamical simulation to predict if a dwarf galaxy is at first infall or a backsplash galaxy and to infer its infall time. The resulting NN predicts with 85\% accuracy if a galaxy currently outside the virial radius is a backsplash satellite and determines the infall times with a typical 68\% confidence interval of 4.4 Gyrs. Applying the NN to MW dwarfs with Gaia EDR3 proper motions, we find that all of the dwarfs within 300 kpc had been inside the Galactic halo. The overall MW satellite accretion rate agrees well with the theoretical prediction except for late times when the MW shows a second peak at a lookback time of 1.5 Gyrs corresponding to the infall of the LMC and its satellites. We also find that the quenching times for ultrafaint dwarfs show no significant correlation with infall time and thus supporting the hypothesis that they were quenched during reionisation. In contrast, dwarfs with stellar masses above $10^5~M_\odot$ are found to be consistent with environmental quenching inside the Galactic halo, with star-formation ceasing on average at $0.5^{+0.9}_{-1.2}$ Gyrs after infall.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, appendix: 4 pages, published version
Structural Mechanism of Inhibition of the Rho Transcription Termination Factor by the Antibiotic Bicyclomycin
Creators: name: Kohn, Harold
name: Park, Boon Saeng
name: Berger, James
name: Skordalakes, Emmanuel
name: Brogan, Andrew
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Rho is a hexameric RNA/DNA helicase/translocase that terminates transcription of select genes in bacteria. The naturally occurring antibiotic, bicyclomycin (BCM), acts as a noncompetitive inhibitor of ATP turnover to disrupt this process. We have determined three independent X-ray crystal structures of Rho complexed with BCM and two semisynthetic derivatives, 5a-(3-formylphenylsulfanyl)-dihydrobicyclomycin (FPDB) and 5a-formylbicyclomycin (FB) to 3.15, 3.05, and 3.15 A resolution, respectively. The structures show that BCM and its derivatives are nonnucleotide inhibitors that interact with Rho at a pocket adjacent to the ATP and RNA binding sites in the C-terminal half of the protein. BCM association prevents ATP turnover by an unexpected mechanism, occluding the binding of the nucleophilic water molecule required for ATP hydrolysis. Our data explain why only certain elements of BCM have been amenable to modification and serve as a template for the design of new inhibitors.
Die Repräsentation der haitianischen Revolution als Bürgerkonflik: Marie Vieux-Chauvets Roman La Danse sur le volcan
Creators: name: Bandau, Anja
Publisher: name: Berlin : Trafo-Verlag
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Romanische Sprachen
subject: Literatur
subject: Bürgerkrieg
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::400 | Sprache, Linguistik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::320 | Politik

description: [No abstract available]