cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: An Eclectic Approach to Estimating U.S. Potential GDP
title: Une approche éclectique d'estimation du PIB potentiel américain
Creators: name: Gosselin, Marc-André
name: Lalonde, René
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2002

description: The authors describe the principal results obtained from a new method applied to the estimation of potential U.S. GDP. This method derives from the work of Rennison (2002), which suggests that the joint use of extended multivariate filters and structural vector autoregression models is optimal for estimating potential output. The authors use this approach to estimate the two components of potential GDP: the full-employment labour input and trend labour productivity. This decomposition is particularly useful for identifying sources of fluctuations in potential output. It reveals, for example, that the vigorous growth rate of potential output recorded during the second half of the 1990s is attributable to a fall in the structural rate of unemployment and a marked upswing in trend productivity growth. This approach also reveals that the excess supply observed in the second quarter of 2002 is entirely attributable to the fact that the labour input was below its equilibrium level.
description: Dans cette étude, les auteurs exposent les principaux résultats quant à l'application d'une nouvelle méthode d'estimation du PIB potentiel américain. Cette méthode est fondée sur les travaux de Rennison (2002), qui indiquent que l'utilisation conjointe de filtres multivariés étendus et de VAR structurels est optimale pour l'estimation de la production potentielle. Les auteurs utilisent cette approche afin d'estimer les deux composantes du potentiel, soit l'intrant travail de plein emploi ainsi que la tendance productivité de la main-d'oeuvre. Une telle décomposition fournit une bonne identification des sources de fluctuations du PIB potentiel. Elle permet par exemple de montrer que la vigueur du taux de croissance du PIB potentiel enregistrée au cours de la seconde moitié des années 1990 est imputable à une chute du taux de chômage structurel et à une accélération notable du rythme de croissance de la productivité tendancielle. Cette approche permet aussi de montrer que l'offre excédentaire observée au deuxième trimestre de 2002 est entièrement imputable au fait que l'intrant travail se trouve en-dessous de son équilibre.
Do land ownership and contract farming matter? Evidence from a large-scale investment in Ghana
Creators: name: Väth, Susanne Johanna
name: Kirk, Michael
name: Väth, Susanne Johanna
name: Kirk, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: Agribusiness
Land Economics/Use

description: With the rising demand for agricultural land it becomes incrementally important to design land deals as a win-win for investors and the local population. Accordingly, our in-depth analysis focuses on two aspects: (i) the effects of inclusive business models, and (ii) the importance of secure land use rights for farmers adjacent to large-scale, land-based investment. We analyse empirically the case of an oil palm investment in the Eastern Region of Ghana in 2010 comparing contracted outgrowers and independent oil palm farmers. Although we argue that the contractual treatment was allocated as in a quasi-natural experiment, we introduce an instrumental variable (IV) to remove possible doubts. Thus, we exploit the fact that highly affected outgrowers rather tend to position themselves, whereas less affected independent farmers respond rather in a rather neutral manner to a retrospective question on their satisfaction with the investment’s establishment. To avoid correlations with the error term, we suggest the absolute value of the deviation from a neutral response as instrument. We find that contract farming has a significantly negative effect on short-term measurements like agricultural household income and plot profit per acre, while its effect on long-term measurements like asset endowment and perceived future security is significantly positive. Analyses reveal moreover, that complete property rights, as well as solely the right to use the land as collateral, have a significantly positive effect on both short-term and long-term measurements.
Entropic Dynamics of Exchange Rates and Options
Creators: name: Abedi, Mohammad
name: Bartolomeo, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Pricing of Securities (q-fin.PR)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: An Entropic Dynamics of exchange rates is laid down to model the dynamics of foreign exchange rates, FX, and European Options on FX. The main objective is to represent an alternative framework to model dynamics. Entropic inference is an inductive inference framework equipped with proper tools to handle situations where incomplete information is available. Entropic Dynamics is an application of entropic inference, which is equipped with the entropic notion of time to model dynamics. The scale invariance is a symmetry of the dynamics of exchange rates, which is manifested in our formalism. To make the formalism manifestly invariant under this symmetry, we arrive at choosing the logarithm of the exchange rate as the proper variable to model. By taking into account the relevant information about the exchange rates, we derive the Geometric Brownian Motion, GBM, of the exchange rate, which is manifestly invariant under the scale transformation. Securities should be valued such that there is no arbitrage opportunity. To this end, we derive a risk-neutral measure to value European Options on FX. The resulting model is the celebrated Garman-Kohlhagen model.
title: Alternative Public Spending Rules and Output Volatility
Creators: name: Lam, Jean-Paul
name: Scarth, William
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2002

description: One of the central lessons learned from the Great Depression was that adjusting government spending each year to balance the budget increases the volatility of output. We compare this policy with one that involves running temporary deficits and surpluses and an average budget balance of zero. Our analysis allows monetary policy to adjust to a change in fiscal regime, and the specifications for aggregate demand and supply are consistent with the "new neoclassical synthesis." Our results give only limited support to the conventional wisdom on fiscal rules and stability of output.

description: L'une des principales leçons tirées de la grande crise de 1929 est que la politique d'ajustement annuel des dépenses publiques pour équilibrer le budget de l'État augmente la volatilité de la production. Les auteurs comparent cette politique avec un régime d'alternance entre déficits et excédents qui fait tendre le solde budgétaire moyen à zéro. L'analyse des auteurs établit que la politique monétaire réagit à une modification du régime budgétaire et que les fonctions de demande et d'offre globales sont conformes à la « nouvelle synthèse néoclassique ». Les résultats présentés n'étayent que partiellement la relation communément admise entre les règles budgétaires et la stabilité de la production.
title: Oil-Price Shocks and Retail Energy Prices in Canada
Creators: name: Chacra, Marwan
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2002

description: The effects of global energy-price shocks on retail energy prices in Canada are examined. More specifically, the author looks at the response of the consumer price indexes for gasoline, heating oil, natural gas, and electricity in Canada to movements in world crude oil prices. Using an errorcorrection framework, a quarterly forecasting model is estimated for most of these price indexes. The forecasting ability of the error-correction models is found to outperform that of competing autoregressive and random-walk models.
description: L'auteur examine les effets des variations des prix mondiaux des hydrocarbures sur les prix à la consommation de l'énergie au Canada. Il se penche plus précisément sur les réactions des composantes essence, mazout, gaz naturel et électricité de l'indice des prix à la consommation aux variations des cours mondiaux du pétrole brut. À l'aide d'un modèle à correction d'erreurs, des prévisions trimestrielles sont établies pour la plupart de ces composantes. La capacité de prévision de ce type de modèle se révèle supérieure à celle d'un modèle autorégressif et d'une marche aléatoire.
title: An Empirical Analysis of Dynamic Interrelationships Among Inflation, Inflation Uncertainty, Relative Price Dispersion, and Output Growth
Creators: name: Vitek, Francis
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2002

description: Within a unified framework, the author conducts an empirical investigation of dynamic interrelationships among inflation, inflation uncertainty, relative price dispersion, and output growth. Focusing on the Canadian industrial sector, the author finds weak evidence that inflation uncertainty rises with the level of inflation, with short-run inflation uncertainty minimized at a trend inflation rate of approximately 3 per cent. With regard to the predictions of menu-cost and signal-extraction models, evidence that relative price dispersion rises with both trend inflation and inflation uncertainty is obtained. However, the significance of this evidence varies according to whether a weighted or unweighted measure of relative price dispersion is employed, in addition to the symmetry characteristics of the process governing the evolution of inflation uncertainty. The primary result is that across a variety of different model specifications, inflation uncertainty significantly lowers output growth, an effect of considerable size and duration.
description: Dans un cadre empirique unifié, l'auteur étudie les liens dynamiques entre l'inflation, l'incertitude entourant celle-ci, la dispersion des prix relatifs et la croissance de la production, en mettant l'accent sur le secteur industriel canadien. D'après certains des résultats qu'il présente, la hausse du niveau de l'inflation ferait augmenter l'incertitude de l'inflation, l'incertitude touchant un creux en courte période lorsque l'inflation tendancielle avoisine les 3 %; cependant, les résultats en question sont peu significatifs. En ce qui concerne les prévisions des modèles à coûts d'étiquetage et des modèles à signaux brouillés, l'auteur constate que la dispersion des prix relatifs s'accroît à la fois avec l'inflation tendancielle et avec l'incertitude de l'inflation. Le degré de signification de ce résultat varie toutefois selon que l'on utilise une mesure pondérée ou non de la dispersion des prix relatifs; le caractère symétrique ou non du processus régissant l'évolution de l'incertitude de l'inflation tire aussi à conséquence. Le principal point à retenir est que, dans un vaste éventail de spécifications mises à l'essai, l'incertitude entourant l'inflation a un effet de réduction important, persistant et significatif sur la croissance de la production.
Beyond the Hubble Deep Field Limiting Magnitude: Faint Galaxy Number Counts from Surface-Brightness Fluctuations
Creators: name: Marin-Franch, A.
name: Aparicio, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The faint end of the differential galaxy number counts, n(m), in the Hubble Deep Field (HDF) North has been determined for the F450W, F606W, and F814W filters by means of surface-brightness fluctuation (SBF) measurements. This technique allows us to explore n(m) beyond the limiting magnitude of the HDF, providing new, stronger constraints on the faint end of n(m). This has allowed us to test the validity of previous number count studies and to produce a new determination of the faint end of n(m) for magnitudes fainter than 28.8 in the AB system and to extend this estimate down to 31. This value represents an extension of more than two magnitudes beyond the limits of previous photometric studies. The obtained n(m) slopes are γ=0.27, 0.21, and 0.26 in B_{450}, V_{606}, and I_{814}, respectively.
description: 36 pages, 7 figures and 10 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
Hikami-Larkin-Nagaoka (HLN) Fitting of Magneto Transport of Bi2Se3 Single Crystal in Different Magnetic Field Ranges
Creators: name: Sharma, Deepak
name: Rani, P.
name: Maheshwari, P. K.
name: Nagpal, V.
name: Meena, R. S.
name: Islam, S. S.
name: Patnaik, S.
name: Awana, V. P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the detailed study of structural micro-structuraland high magnetic field magneto transport propertiesof Bi2Se3single crystal. Bi2Se3 single crystal is grown through conventional solid-state reaction route via the self-flux method. Rietveld analysis on Powder X-ray Diffraction showed that the studied Bi2Se3 crystal is crystallized in single-phase without any impurity. The surface morphology analyzed through Scanning Electron Microscopy study which shows that as-grown single crystal exhibit layered type structure and the quantitative weight of the atomic constituents (Bi and Se) are found to be closeto the stoichiometric amount in energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis. Low temperature (2.5K) magneto-resistance (MR) exhibited a v-type cusp around origin at lower magnetic field, which is the sign of weak anti-localization effect. Further, Bi2Se3 single crystal magneto conductivity data is fitted by well-known HLN equation in different magnetic field range of 2Tesla, 4Tesla and 6Tesla and the resultant found that the conduction mechanism of Bi2Se3 is dominated by WAL state.
description: 4 Pages Text + Figs
MOESM11 of Development of a high-throughput screen to identify small molecule enhancers of sarcospan for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Creators: name: Shu, Cynthia
name: Kaxon-Rupp, Ariana
name: Collado, Judd
name: Damoiseaux, Robert
name: Crosbie, Rachelle
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 11: Table S5. Validation of hits from screen on hSSPN-EGFP myotubes. Initial hits from the screen were retested on hSSPN-EGFP myotubes at 5.5 μM in 2 plates (n = 24 per plate). R.U., relative units normalized to vehicle control. *SSMD, robust strictly standardized mean difference.
Additional file 2 of Malignant hyperthermia when dantrolene is not readily available
Creators: name: Xiaodan Gong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2: Supplemental Table S1. The use of vasoactive agents of Malignant hyperthermia cases.
Comments on Half S-Branes
Creators: name: Okuyama, Kazumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following hep-th/0305177, we write the boundary state of half S-brane in bosonic string theory as a grand canonical partition function of a unitary matrix model. From this representation, it follows that the annulus amplitude can be written as a grand canonical partition function of a unitary two-matrix model. We also show that the contribution of the exponentially growing couplings to the timelike oscillators can be resummed in a certain annulus amplitude.
description: 27 pages, lanlmac; v2: reference added
Formation of a Magnetic Flux Rope in the Early Emergence Phase of NOAA Active Region 12673
Creators: name: Liu, Lijuan
name: Cheng, Xin
name: Wang, Yuming
name: Zhou, Zhenjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we investigate the formation of a magnetic flux rope (MFR) above the central polarity inversion line (PIL) of NOAA Active Region 12673 during its early emergence phase. Through analyzing the photospheric vector magnetic field, extreme ultraviolet (EUV) and ultraviolet (UV) images, extrapolated three-dimensional (3D) non-linear force-free fields (NLFFFs), as well as the photospheric motions, we find that with the successive emergence of different bipoles in the central region, the conjugate polarities separate, resulting in collision between the non-conjugated opposite polarities. Nearly-potential loops appear above the PIL at first, then get sheared and merge at the collision locations as evidenced by the appearance of a continuous EUV sigmoid on 2017 September 4, which also indicates the formation of an MFR. The 3D NLFFFs further reveal the gradual buildup of the MFR, accompanied by the appearance of two elongated bald patches (BPs) at the collision locations and a very low-lying hyperbolic flux tube configuration between the BPs. The final MFR has relatively steady axial flux and average twist number of around $2.1\times 10^{20}$~Mx and -1.5, respective. Shearing motions are found developing near the BPs when the collision occurs, with flux cancellation and UV brightenings being observed simultaneously, indicating the development of a process named as "collisional shearing" (firstly identified by Chintzoglou et al. 2019). The results clearly show that the MFR is formed by "collisional shearing", i.e., through shearing and flux cancellation driven by the collision between non-conjugated opposite polarities during their emergence.
description: 38 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Polaronic Heat Capacity in The Anderson - Hasegawa Model
Creators: name: Mitra, Manidipa
name: Sreeram, P. A.
name: Dattagupta, Sushanta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An exact treatment of the Anderson - Hasegawa two - site model, incorporating the presence of superexchange and polarons, is used to compute the heat capacity. The calculated results point to the dominance of the lattice contribution, especially in the ferromagnetic regime. This behavior is in qualitative agreement with experimental findings.
description: 9 pages, Revtex, 4 postscript figures
Countably compact group topologies on the free Abelian group of size continuum (and a Wallace semigroup) from a selective ultrafilter
Creators: name: Boero, A. C.
name: Castro-Pereira, I.
name: Tomita, A. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that the existence of a selective ultrafilter implies the existence of a countably compact Hausdorff group topology on the free Abelian group of size continuum. As a consequence, we show that the existence of a selective ultrafilter implies the existence of a Wallace semigroup (i.e., a countably compact both-sided cancellative topological semigroup which is not a topological group).
Gas physics and dynamics in the central 50 pc of the Galaxy
Creators: name: Vollmer, B.
name: Duschl, W. J.
name: Zylka, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present models the gas physics and dynamics of the inner 50 pc of the Galaxy. In a first step the gas properties of an isolated clumpy circumnuclear disk were analytically investigated. We took the external UV radiation field, the gravitational potential, and the observed gas temperature into account. The model includes a description of the properties of individual gas clumps on small scales, and a treatment of the circumnuclear disk as a quasi-continuous accretion disk on large scales. In a second step the dynamics of an isolated circumnuclear disk were investigated with the help of a collisional N-body code. The environment of the disk is taken into account in a third step, where we calculated a pro- and a retrograde encounter of an infalling gas cloud with a pre-existing circumnuclear disk. In order to constrain the dynamical model, we used the NIR absorption of the giant molecular clouds located within the inner 50 pc of the Galaxy to reconstruct their line-of-sight distribution.
description: 7 pages with 6 figures. To be published in Astron. Nachr. Vol. 324, No. S1 (2003), Special Supplement "The central 300 parsecs of the Milky Way", eds. A. Cotera, H. Falcke, T.R. Geballe, S. Markoff
Ultrafast Spectroscopy of Bi2Se3 Topological Insulator
Creators: name: Sharma, P.
name: Sharma, D.
name: Vashistha, N.
name: Rani, P.
name: Kumar, M.
name: Islam, S. S.
name: Awana, V. P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the ultrafast transient absorption spectrum of Bi2Se3 topological insulator. Bi2Se3 single crystal is grown through conventional solid-state reaction routevia self-flux method. The structural properties have been studied in terms of high-resolution Powder X-ray Diffraction (PXRD). Detailed Rietveld analysis of PXRD of the crystal showed that sample is crystallized in the rhombohedral crystal structure with a space group of R-3m, and the lattice parameters are a=b=4.14A and c=28.7010A. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) result shows perfectly crystalline structure with layered type morphology which evidenced from surface XRD. Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) analysis determined quantitative amounts of the constituent atoms, found to be very close to their stoichiometric ratio. Further the fluence dependent nonlinear behaviour is studied by means of ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy. The ultrafast spectroscopy also predicts the capability of this single crystal to generate Terahertz (THz) radiations (T-rays).
description: 4 Pages Text + Figs Accepted AIP Proceedings
title: Does Micro Evidence Support the Wage Phillips Curve in Canada?
Creators: name: Farès, Jean
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2002

description: The existing macroeconometric evidence lends support to the wage Phillips curve by showing a negative relation between the rate of change in wages and the unemployment rate, conditional on lagged price inflation. Most theoretical models of wage setting, however, generate a "wage curve," described by a negative relation between the level of the real wage and unemployment. Real wage dynamics have important implications for how shocks affect aggregate consumer price inflation, and for the determination of the natural rate of unemployment. This paper examines the dynamics of the aggregate wages in Canada, and tests whether real wages and unemployment have a long-term level relationship. The results indicate that a simple aggregate wage Phillips curve continues to describe the behaviour of aggregate wages in Canada quite well. The micro evidence, however, does not unequivocally support one specification against the other; rather, what seems to emerge is more complex wage dynamics better described in an error-correction specification. Wage changes reflect the short-run movement in the unemployment rate, while they adjust towards a long-run equilibrium level, as could be described in a wage curve model.
description: Les résultats de modèles macroéconométriques donnent à penser que la courbe de Phillips des salaires peut être représentée par une relation négative entre le taux de variation des salaires et le taux de chômage, à condition d'inclure un terme relatif à l'inflation retardée. La plupart des modèles théoriques de détermination des salaires, cependant, produisent une « courbe des salaires » définie par une relation négative entre le niveau des salaires réels et le taux de chômage. La dynamique des salaires réels a des implications importantes quant aux répercussions des chocs sur l'augmentation globale des prix à la consommation et pour la détermination du taux de chômage naturel. Dans cette étude, l'auteur examine la dynamique globale des salaires au Canada et vérifie si les niveaux des salaires réels et du chômage sont liés en longue période. Il constate qu'une simple courbe de Phillips agrégée des salaires décrit toujours assez bien le comportement global des salaires au Canada. Les observations microéconomiques ne valident toutefois pas sans équivoque une spécification au détriment de l'autre; elles font plutôt émerger une dynamique des salaires plus complexe, dont rend mieux compte une structure de correction des erreurs. Les variations salariales réagissent aux fluctuations à court terme du taux de chômage, tout au long de leur ajustement vers un niveau d'équilibre à long terme du genre de celui que décrit un modèle relatif à la courbe des salaires.
Additional file 1 of The REPRISE project: protocol for an evaluation of REProducibility and Replicability In Syntheses of Evidence
Creators: name: Page, Matthew J.
name: Moher, David
name: Fidler, Fiona M.
name: Higgins, Julian P. T.
name: Brennan, Sue E.
name: Haddaway, Neal R.
name: Hamilton, Daniel G.
name: Kanukula, Raju
name: Sathya Karunananthan
name: Maxwell, Lara J.
name: McDonald, Steve
name: Nakagawa, Shinichi
name: Nunan, David
name: Tugwell, Peter
name: Welch, Vivian A.
name: McKenzie, Joanne E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1:. Search strategies
Holographic Astigmatic Particle Tracking Velocimetry
Creators: name: Zhou, Zhou
name: Sankar, Santosh Kumar
name: Mallery, Kevin
name: Jiang, Wensheng
name: Hong, Jiarong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation of twin images in digital inline holography (DIH) prevents the placement of the focal plane in the center of a sample volume for DIH-based particle tracking velocimetry (DIH-PTV) with a single camera. As a result, it is challenging to apply DIH-PTV for flow measurements in large-scale laboratory facilities or many field applications where it would otherwise be desirable due to the low cost and compact setup. Here we introduce holographic astigmatic PTV (HAPTV) by inserting a cylindrical lens in the optical setup of DIH-PTV, generating distorted holograms. Such distortion is subsequently utilized in a customized reconstruction algorithm to distinguish tracers positioned on different sides of the focal plane which can in turn be placed in the middle of a sample volume. Our HAPTV approach is calibrated under high (1 um/pixel) and low (10 um/pixel) magnifications with an error standard deviation of 4.2 um (one particle diameter) and 120.7 um (~5 times the particle diameter), respectively. We compare the velocity field of a laminar jet flow obtained using HAPTV and conventional PIV to illustrate the accuracy of the technique when applied to practical flow measurement applications. The work demonstrates that HAPTV improves upon the depth of field of conventional astigmatic PTV and enables the implementation of DIH-based PTV for in situ applications.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Vibrational Properties of Nanoscale Materials: From Nanoparticles to Nanocrystalline Materials
Creators: name: Meyer, R.
name: Lewis, L. J.
name: Prakash, S.
name: Entel, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The vibrational density of states (VDOS) of nanoclusters and nanocrystalline materials are derived from molecular-dynamics simulations using empirical tight-binding potentials. The results show that the VDOS inside nanoclusters can be understood as that of the corresponding bulk system compressed by the capillary pressure. At the surface of the nanoparticles the VDOS exhibits a strong enhancement at low energies and shows structures similar to that found near flat crystalline surfaces. For the nanocrystalline materials an increased VDOS is found at high and low phonon energies, in agreement with experimental findings. The individual VDOS contributions from the grain centers, grain boundaries, and internal surfaces show that, in the nanocrystalline materials, the VDOS enhancements are mainly caused by the grain-boundary contributions and that surface atoms play only a minor role. Although capillary pressures are also present inside the grains of nanocrystalline materials, their effect on the VDOS is different than in the cluster case which is probably due to the inter-grain coupling of the modes via the grain-boundaries.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
title: Inflation Changes, Yield Spreads, and Threshold Effects
Creators: name: Tkacz, Greg
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2002

description: Using interest rate yield spreads to explain changes in inflation, we investigate whether such relationships can be modelled using two-regime threshold models. Implementing a robust test to detect evidence of a threshold, we find that the hypothesis of linearity is generally rejected. For the United States, we find that the inflation-spread relationship at most horizons is more pronounced when the yield curve is inverted, which is usually associated with periods of tight monetary policy. This implies that monetary policy may have an asymmetric effect on inflation. Curiously, the pattern of asymmetry in Canada appears to operate in the opposite direction, with expansionary policies having a relatively greater impact on inflation than tighter policies.
description: Dans ce document de travail, l'auteur cherche à déterminer, à l'aide de modèles à seuil à deux régimes, s'il est possible de formaliser une relation liant les variations de l'inflation aux écarts de taux de rendement. L'application d'un test robuste pour détecter l'existence d'un seuil entraîne généralement le rejet de l'hypothèse de linéarité. L'auteur constate qu'à la plupart des horizons, la relation entre les écarts de taux de rendement et les variations de l'inflation aux États-Unis est plus prononcée lorsqu'il y a inversion de la courbe de rendement, phénomène que l'on observe habituellement quand la politique monétaire est restrictive. Ces résultats impliquent de possibles effets asymétriques de la politique monétaire sur l'inflation. Curieusement, l'asymétrie semble agir en sens opposé au Canada, où une politique monétaire expansionniste a une incidence relativement plus forte sur l'inflation qu'une politique restrictive.
Modules over semisymmetric quasigroups
Creators: name: Nowak, Alex W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20N05, 20C07

description: The class of semisymmetric quasigroups is determined by the identity $(yx)y=x.$ We prove that the universal multiplication group of a semisymmetric quasigroup $Q$ is free over its underlying set and then specify the point-stabilizers of an action of this free group on $Q$. A theorem of Smith indicates that Beck modules over semisymmetric quasigroups are equivalent to modules over a quotient of the integral group algebra of this stabilizer. Implementing our description of the quotient ring, we provide some examples of semisymmetric quasigroup extensions. Along the way, we provide an exposition of the quasigroup module theory in more general settings.
description: Presented at the Fourth Mile High Conference on Nonassociative Mathematics at University of Denver on July 31, 2017
MOESM10 of Development of a high-throughput screen to identify small molecule enhancers of sarcospan for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Creators: name: Shu, Cynthia
name: Kaxon-Rupp, Ariana
name: Collado, Judd
name: Damoiseaux, Robert
name: Crosbie, Rachelle
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 10: Table S4. Initial hits from high-throughput screening of hSSPN-EGFP myotubes. The screen of 3200 compounds resulted in 13 initial hits, which included an overrepresented number of L-type calcium channel blockers (felodipine, isradipine, lacidipine, nifedipine, and nilvadipine) and one hit (felodipine) which appeared as a hit twice from two independent libraries. Robust strictly standardized mean difference (SSMD*) was used to classify the strength of each hit. SSMD* > 0.25 and 1.4-fold change over vehicle was the minimum to be considered an initial hit. R.U., relative units normalized to vehicle control.
Are we missing baryons in Galaxy Clusters?
Creators: name: Ettori, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent constraints on the cosmological parameters put from the observations of the WMAP satellite limit the cosmic baryon fraction in a range that is larger than, and marginally consistent with, what is measured in galaxy clusters. This rises the question whether or not we are considering all the ingredients of cluster baryonic budget. Making a careful weight of the baryons in X-ray emitting plasma and stars in cluster galaxies, I conclude that the cluster baryonic pie is made by 13 (with a 1 sigma range of 8-19) per cent of stars, 70 (56-89) per cent of intracluster hot medium and 17 (0-33) per cent, and a probability of 73 per cent to be larger than 0, of ``other'' baryons, presumably in the form of warm (1e5-1e7 Kelvin) material.
description: MNRAS in press. Replaced to match proof, correct an error in the determination of the total mass and update references
Double-layer Curved Steel-structure with Bent Glazing; New Departure Station Erasmusline, The Hague (NL)
Creators: name: Helbig, T.
name: Kamp, F.
name: Schieber, R.
name: Oppe, M.
name: Torsing, R.
name: Kieft, R.
Publisher: name: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings
Year: 2016

description: ZJA Zwarts & Jansma Architects have designed a new departure light rail station in The Hague, Netherlands. The spatial roof structure of the station is made of rolled rectangular steel hollow sections, arranged in two independent layers rigidly connected to each other. A glass envelope covering the roof structure is matching the contours of the steel exactly. Since the diamond shaped glass panels can only be attached to the outer layer of the steel grid, the glass with edge lengths of approximately 1,30m is two-side supported. When optimizing the overall geometry the double-curved area at the nose of the roof structure became a special focus. Knippers Helbig Advanced Engineering has managed to minimize the deviation of each single glass panel from the single curved geometry to a maximum out-of-plane deformation of only 3mm. Thus, stresses due to warping effects caused by imposed loads including deformation of the primary structure are within the allowable range for heat strengthened (HS) as well as for float glass (AN). The project is a great example of how geometry development can influence glass design, enabling new approaches.
description: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings, Vol. 5 (2016): Challenging Glass 5
Concurrence Vectors for Entanglement of High-dimensional Systems
Creators: name: Li, You-Quan
name: Zhu, Guo-Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The concurrence vectors are proposed by employing the fundamental representation of $A_n$ Lie algebra, which provides a clear criterion to evaluate the entanglement of bipartite system of arbitrary dimension for both pure and mixed states. Accordingly, a state is separable if the norm of its concurrence vector vanishes. The state vectors related to SU(3) states and SO(3) states are discussed in detail. The sign situation of nonzero components of concurrence vectors of entangled bases presents a simple criterion to judge whether the whole Hilbert subspace spanned by those bases is entangled, or there exists entanglement edge. This is illustrated in terms of the concurrence surfaces of several concrete examples.
description: Revtex4, 7 pages, 3 figures; extended with 3 more pages
title: Estimating Settlement Risk and the Potential for Contagion in Canada's Automated Clearing Settlement System
Creators: name: Northcott, Carol Ann
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2002

description: Payments systems operate virtually unnoticed in our daily lives and yet are crucial to a wellfunctioning economy and financial system. Because they explicitly link financial institutions, payments systems provide a way to transmit risk within, and between, financial systems. Ideally, payments systems should be designed and operated so as not to add risk in the event of a crisis. The author examines the potential for contagion through linkages arising from the interaction of financial institutions in a Canadian payments system, the Automated Clearing Settlement System (ACSS). A method of measuring risk in the system, given its unique design, is developed and used to estimate contagion over a wide range of conditions. The author finds, first and foremost, that the ACSS has only a limited capacity, if any, to facilitate contagion in the current environment.
description: Bien qu'ils passent presque inaperçus dans la vie quotidienne, les systèmes de paiement n'en sont pas moins indispensables au bon fonctionnement de l'économie et du système financier. En raison des liens explicites qu'ils créent entre les institutions financières, ils constituent un vecteur de transmission du risque à l'intérieur des systèmes financiers ainsi qu'entre ceux-ci. Idéalement, les systèmes de paiement devraient être conçus et exploités de façon à ne pas augmenter le risque en cas de crise. L'auteure étudie ici la possibilité que les liens reliant entre elles les institutions financières au sein du Système automatisé de compensation et de règlement (SACR), l'un des systèmes de paiement canadiens, soient une source de contagion. En tenant compte des caractéristiques particulières de ce système, elle élabore une méthode pour y mesurer le risque de contagion dans un large éventail de circonstances. La principale conclusion qui ressort de son travail est que, dans l'environnement actuel, la propension du SACR à faciliter la contagion est limitée sinon nulle.
Coarse-grained microscopic model of glass formers
Creators: name: Garrahan, Juan P.
name: Chandler, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a coarse-grained model for atomic glass formers. Its elements are physically motivated local microscopic dynamical rules parameterized by observables. Results of the model are established and used to interpret the measured behaviors of supercooled fluids approaching glass transitions. The model predicts the presence of a crossover from hierarchical super-Arrhenius dynamics at short length scales to diffusive Arrhenius dynamics at large length scales. This prediction distinguishes our model from other theories of glass formers and can be tested by experiment.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
A New Method to Map Flares in Quasars
Creators: name: Yonehara, Atsunori
name: Mineshige, Shin
name: Takei, Yoh
name: Chartas, George
name: Turner, Edwin L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, Chartas et al. (2001) detected a rapid X-ray flare in the gravitationally lensed, multiple image quasar RX J0911.4+0551. Dramatic events, such as rapid X-ray flares, are useful in providing high precision measurements of the time delays between multiple images. In this paper, we argue that there is a new possibility in measurements of time delays between multiple images of gravitationally lensed quasars; constrain the locations of putative flares that give rise to the intrinsic rapid variabilities of quasars. The realization, however, of these goals cannot be presently achieved due to the limited accuracy of the current measurements. We predict that timing flares with accuracies of the order of a few seconds will be needed to probe the location of the flares. Our proposing method will work with better instruments in near future, such as XEUS.
description: 22 pages (including 3 tables and 7 figures) Accepted to ApJ
Spontaneous Hall Effect enhanced by local Ir moments in epitaxial Pr$_2$Ir$_2$O$_7$ thin films
Creators: name: Guo, Lu
name: Campbell, Neil
name: Choi, Yongseong
name: Kim, Jong-Woo
name: Ryan, Philip J.
name: Huyan, Huaixun
name: Li, Linze
name: Nan, Tianxiang
name: Kang, Jong-Hong
name: Sundahl, Chris
name: Pan, Xiaoqing
name: Rzchowski, M. S.
name: Eom, Chang-Beom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rare earth pyrochlore Iridates (RE2Ir2O7) consist of two interpenetrating cation sublattices, the RE with highly-frustrated magnetic moments, and the Iridium with extended conduction orbitals significantly mixed by spin-orbit interactions. The coexistence and coupling of these two sublattices create a landscape for discovery and manipulation of quantum phenomena such as the topological Hall effect, massless conduction bands, and quantum criticality. Thin films allow extended control of the material system via symmetry-lowering effects such as strain. While bulk Pr2Ir2O7 shows a spontaneous hysteretic Hall effect below 1.5K, we observe the effect at elevated temperatures up to 15K in epitaxial thin films on (111) YSZ substrates synthesized via solid phase epitaxy. Similar to the bulk, the lack of observable long-range magnetic order in the thin films points to a topological origin. We use synchrotron-based element-specific x-ray diffraction (XRD) and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) to compare powders and thin films to attribute the spontaneous Hall effect in the films to localization of the Ir moments. We link the thin film Ir local moments to lattice distortions absent in the bulk-like powders. We conclude that the elevated-temperature spontaneous Hall effect is caused by the topological effect originating either from the Ir or Pr sublattice, with interaction strength enhanced by the Ir local moments. This spontaneous Hall effect with weak net moment highlights the effect of vanishingly small lattice distortions as a means to discover topological phenomena in metallic frustrated magnetic materials.
title: Salaire réel, chocs technologiques et fluctuations économiques
Creators: name: Tremblay, Dominique
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2002

description: Dans cette étude, l'auteur présente les résultats empiriques qu'il obtient de l'examen du comportement qu'affichent différentes variables économiques, notamment le salaire réel, après un choc technologique. Il reprend le modèle bivarié de Galí (1999) et compare les sentiers de réponse dynamique et les corrélations conditionnelles obtenus aux résultats provenant d'un modèle vectoriel à correction d'erreurs identifié à l'aide de la procédure de King, Plosser, Stock et Watson (1991). L'auteur utilise la méthode « bootstrap après bootstrap » de Kilian (1998) dans le calcul des intervalles de confiance. Ses résultats empiriques donnent à penser que les modèles de cycle réel ne peuvent être invalidés sur la base de leurs prédictions conditionnelles du marché du travail en faveur de celles d'autres modèles.
description: The author presents empirical evidence that he has obtained from an analysis of the response of different economic variables, including the real wage rate, to a technology shock. He replicates Galí's (1999) bivariate model and compares dynamic impulse responses and conditional correlations with evidence provided by the vector-error-correction model that was identified using the King, Plosser, Stock, and Watson (1991) procedure. To calculate confidence intervals, the author uses Kilian's (1998) bootstrap-after-bootstrap method. The empirical evidence suggests that it is not possible to reject a procyclical real wage in response to a technology shock. Therefore, real-business-cycle models cannot be rejected based on their conditional predictions of the labour-market dynamics in favour of other types of models.
A 6 Metre Long Glass Footbridge for the Ancient Public Slaughterhouse of Pisa
Creators: name: Mamone, V.
name: Masiello, G.
name: Lani, L.
Publisher: name: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings
Year: 2016

description: This paper illustrates the design process and the load testing of a steel-reinforced laminated glass beam built for a 6 m span glass footbridge. This specific glass footbridge has been designed and tested to join two existing floors of the main room of a refurbished masonry building of the 19th century public slaughterhouse of Pisa. To meet the needs for transparency asked by the Municipality of Pisa the beams, the running surface and the balustrades, were made of laminated glass. The project started with a design of a 5790 mm length beam which has been designed and checked using analytical and numerical modelling. Previously a series of 4-point bending experimental tests had been performed on 6 specimens of 2000 mm steel-reinforced glass beams at the University of Pisa in order to validate the accuracy of both the numerical and the analytical modelling. A final load testing has been done on the footbridge and the results have been compared with the numerical findings.
description: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings, Vol. 5 (2016): Challenging Glass 5
A New Method For A Sensitive Deuteron EDM Experiment
Creators: name: Semertzidis, Y. K.
name: Aoki, M.
name: Auzinsh, M.
name: Balakin, V.
name: Bazhan, A.
name: Bennett, G. W.
name: Carey, R. M.
name: Cushman, P.
name: Debevec, P. T.
name: Dudnikov, A.
name: Farley, F. J. M.
name: Hertzog, D. W.
name: Iwasaki, M.
name: Jungmann, K.
name: Kawall, D.
name: Khazin, B.
name: Khriplovich, I. B.
name: Kirk, B.
name: Kuno, Y.
name: Lazarus, D. M.
name: Leipuner, L. B.
name: Logashenko, V.
name: Lynch, K. R.
name: Marciano, W. J.
name: McNabb, R.
name: Meng, W.
name: Miller, J. P.
name: Morse, W. M.
name: Onderwater, C. J. G.
name: Orlov, Y. F.
name: Ozben, C. S.
name: Prig, R.
name: Rescia, S.
name: Roberts, B. L.
name: Shafer-Ray, N.
name: Silenko, A.
name: Stephenson, E. J.
name: Yoshimura, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper a new method is presented for particles in storage rings which could reach a statistical sensitivity of 10**(-27) e cm for the deuteron EDM. This implies an improvement of two orders of magnitude over the present best limits on the T-odd nuclear forces ksi parameter.
description: 5 pages. Proceedings of a talk presented at CIPANP 2003, May 19-24, 2003