cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Acute and subacute toxicity of aqueous extract of the tuber of kedrostis (L.) Cogn in Wistar rats.pdf
Creators: name: Unuofin, Jeremiah Oshiomame
name: Otunola, Gloria Aderonke
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: Pharmacology
Toxicology

description: Kedrostis africana (L.) Cogn (Cucurbitaceae) is used in South African traditional medicine and pharmacopoeiaas an emetic, purgative and diuretic, and it is used against dropsy in the management of obesity.Aim of the study: In this study, acute and subacute toxicity of aqueous extract of K. africanatuber was evaluatedin male and female Wistar rats in order to assess its safety profile.Materials and methods: In acute toxicity, the effects of a single oral dose (2,000 and 5,000 mg/kg) of aqueousextract was determined in both sexes. General behavior, adverse effects and mortality were determined for 3 hand then periodically for 14 days. The subchronic toxicity test was performed in rats. The effects of the extractin daily single oral administration at the doses of 200, 400 and 600 mg/kg for 28 days were determined. Foodand water intakes were monitored daily while body weight was monitored on a weekly bases. Hematological,biochemical and organ parameters were determined at the end of the 28-day administration.Results: In the acute study, a single administration of the aqueous extract at the doses of 2,000 and 5,000 mg/kgdid not induce mortality. Thus, the LD50 of the aqueous extract of K. africana (AEKA) has been estimated to behigher than 5,000 mg/kg. In the subchronic study, daily oral administration of the AEKA did not result in deathof the rats or significant changes in hematological or biochemical parameters at the highest dose of 600 mg/kg.No alteration was observed in body weight, food and water intake. Liver, kidney and heart histopathology didnot reveal morphological alteration.Conclusions: The results showed that the aqueous tuber extract of K. africana did not cause any death, nor didit cause abnormalities in necropsy and histopathology findings. There were no acute or subchronic toxicityobserved, and this indicates that the plant extract could be considered safe for oral medication.
Superoscillations in solar MHD waves and their possible role in heating coronal loops
Creators: name: Ariste, A. López
name: Facchin, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: To study the presence of superoscillations in coronal magnetoacoustic waves and its possible role in heating coronal loops through the strong and localized gradients they generate on the wave. Methods: An analytic model is built for the transition between a sausage and a kink wave modes propagating along field lines in the corona. We compute in this model the local frequencies, the wave gradients and the associated heating rates due to compressive viscosity. Results: We find superoscillations associated with the transition between wave modes accompanying the wave dislocation that shifts through the wave domain. Frequencies 10 times higher than the normal frequency are found. This means that a typical 3-minute coronal wave will locally oscillate in 10 to 20 seconds. Such high frequencies bring up strong gradients that efficiently dissipate the wave through compressive viscosity. We compute the associated heating rates. Locally, they are very strong, largely compensating typical radiative losses. Conclusions: We find a new heating mechanism associated to magnetoacoustic waves in the corona. Heating due to superoscillations only happens along particular field lines with small cross sections, comparable in size to coronal loops, inside the much larger magnetic flux tubes and wave propagation domain.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
The dynamically changing publication universe as a reference point in national impact evaluation: A counterfactual case study on the Chinese publication growth
Creators: name: Stahlschmidt, Stephan
name: Hinze, Sybille
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: National bibliometric performance is commonly measured via relative impact indicators which appraise absolute national values through a global environment. Consequenty the resulting impact values mirror changes in the national performance as well as in its embedding. In order to assess the importance of the environment in this ratio, we analyse the increase in Chinese publications as an example for a structural change altering the whole database. Via a counterfactual comparison we quantify how Chinese publications benefit a large set of countries on their impact values, identify explanatory factors and describe the underelying mechanism due to longer reference lists and a non-uniform citation distribution among recipient countries. We argue that such structural changes in the environment have to be taken into account for an unbiased measurement of national bibliometric performance.
Uniaxial and hydrostatic pressure effects in alpha-RuCl3 single crystals via thermal-expansion measurements
Creators: name: He, Mingquan
name: Wang, Xiao
name: Wang, Liran
name: Hardy, Frédéric
name: Wolf, Thomas
name: Adelmann, Peter
name: Brückel, Thomas
name: Su, Yixi
name: Meingast, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high-resolution thermal-expansion and specific-heat measurements of single crystalline alpha-RuCl3. An extremely hysteretic structural transition expanding over 100 K is observed by thermal- expansion along both crystallographic axes, which we attribute to a change of stacking sequence of the RuCl3 layers. Three magnetic transitions are observed, which we link to the different stacking sequences. Using our data and thermodynamic relations, we derive the uniaxial and hydrostatic pressure derivatives of all three magnetic transitions. Our results demonstrate that magnetic order should be totally suppressed by very moderate pressures of 0.3 GPa to 0.9 GPa. Finally, we discuss why our results differ from recent hydrostatic pressure measurements and suggest a possible route to reaching the spin-liquid state in alpha-RuCl3.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Nonequilibrium pairing instability in ultracold Fermi gases with population imbalance
Creators: name: Tomadin, Andrea
name: Polini, Marco
name: Tosi, M. P.
name: Fazio, Rosario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present detailed numerical and analytical investigations of the nonequilibrium dynamics of spin-polarized ultracold Fermi gases following a sudden switching-on of the atom-atom pairing coupling strength. Within a time-dependent mean-field approach we show that on increasing the imbalance it takes longer for pairing to develop, the period of the nonlinear oscillations lengthens, and the maximum value of the pairing amplitude decreases. As expected, dynamical pairing is suppressed by the increase of the imbalance. Eventually, for a critical value of the imbalance the nonlinear oscillations do not even develop. Finally, we point out an interesting temperature-reentrant behavior of the exponent characterizing the initial instability.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures. High-quality figures can be requested to the authors
Additional file 1 of Use of T-Scan III in analyzing occlusal changes in molar fixed denture placement
Creators: name: Chan, Hei
name: Alimujiang, Adili
name: Fong, Sin Iok
name: Wu, Ming-Le
name: Liang, Ran
name: Lai, Peng-Yu
name: Wei, Hui-Wen
name: Shen, Shan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Fast magnetization in counterstreaming plasmas with temperature anisotropies
Creators: name: Lazar, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Counterstreaming plasmas exhibits an electromagnetic unstable mode of filamentation type, which is responsible for the magnetization of plasma system. It is shown that filamentation instability becomes significantly faster when plasma is hotter in the streaming direction. This is relevant for astrophysical sources, where strong magnetic fields are expected to exist and explain the nothermal emission observed.
Two photon exchange amplitude with πN intermediate states: P33 channel
Creators: name: Borisyuk, Dmitry
name: Kobushkin, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider two-photon exchange (TPE) in the elastic electron-proton scattering and evaluate the effect of πN (pion + nucleon) intermediate hadronic states. Among different πN states, we concentrate on the P33 channel; thus we effectively include Delta(1232) resonance with realistic width and shape and corresponding background as well. In agreement with the previous result, obtained for the zero-width resonance, we observe that the TPE correction to the electric form factor is the largest one; it grows with Q^2 and at Q^2 > 2.5 GeV^2 exceeds the corresponding elastic contribution.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures. Sec.II revised, Appendix added, numerical results and conclusions unchanged
title: 03_0807
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
title: ADCO, Ordre cistercien et abbaye de Cîteaux : comptes pour l'ordre (1337-1347), comptes du boursier (1377-1402) (11 H 1160), f. 00257
Creators: name: de la Côte-d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CBMA/CG21/F.PETOT/2017
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: comptes
subject: LaMOP

description: Ordre cistercien et abbaye de Cîteaux : comptes pour l'ordre (1337-1347), comptes du boursier (1377-1402), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1160). Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Ordre cistercien et abbaye de Cîteaux : comptes pour l'ordre (1337-1347), comptes du boursier (1377-1402), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1160), f. 00257, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi \[Ressource en ligne\], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
The optical properties of galaxies in the Ophiuchus cluster
Creators: name: Durret, Florence
name: Wakamatsu, Ken'ichi
name: Adami, Christophe
name: Nagayama, Takahiro
name: Mwaba, J. Marissol Omega Muleka Mwewa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the optical properties of Ophiuchus to obtain clues on the formation epoch of this cluster, and compare them to those of the Coma cluster, which is comparable in mass to Ophiuchus but much more disturbed dynamically. Based on a deep image of the Ophiuchus cluster in the r' band obtained at the Canada France Hawaii Telescope with the MegaCam camera, we have applied an iterative process to subtract the contribution of the numerous stars that pollute the image, due to the low Galactic latitude of the cluster, and obtained a photometric catalogue of 2818 galaxies fully complete at r'=20.5 mag and still 91% complete at r'=21.5 mag. We use this catalogue to derive the cluster Galaxy Luminosity Function (GLF) for the overall image and for a region (hereafter the "rectangle" region) covering exactly the same physical size as the region in which the GLF of the Coma cluster was studied by Adami et al. (2007). We then compute density maps based on an adaptive kernel technique, for different magnitude limits, and define three circular regions covering 0.08, 0.08 and 0.06 deg^2 respectively centered on the cluster (C), northwest (NW) and southeast (SE) of the cluster, in which we compute the GLFs. The GLF fits are much better when a Gaussian is added to the usual Schechter function, to account for the excess of very bright galaxies. Compared to Coma, Ophiuchus shows a strong excess of bright galaxies. The properties of the two nearby very massive clusters Ophiuchus and Coma are quite comparable, though they seem embedded in different large scale environments. Our interpretation is that Ophiuchus has built up long ago, as confirmed by its relaxed state (see paper I) while Coma is still in the process of forming.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Model-Instance Object Mapping
Creators: name: Joydeep  Biswas
name: Veloso, Manuela M.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Robot localization and mapping algorithms commonly represent the world as a static map. In reality, human environments consist of many movable objects like doors, chairs and tables. Recognizing that such environment often have a large number of instances of a small number of types of objects, we propose an alternative approach, Model-Instance Object Mapping that reasons about the models of objects distinctly from their different instances. Observations classified as short-term features by Episodic non-Markov Localization are clustered to detect object instances. For each object instance, an occupancy grid is constructed, and compared to every other object instance to build a directed similarity graph. Common object models are discovered as strongly connected components of the graph, and their models as well as distribution of instances saved as the final Model-Instance Object Map. By keeping track of the poses of observed instances of object models, Model-Instance Object Maps learn the most probable locations for commonly observed object models. We present results of Model-Instance Object Mapping over the course of a month in our indoor office environment, and highlight the common object models thus learnt in an unsupervised manner.
Dynamic, magnetic and electronic properties of the C14 Laves phase Nb0.975Fe2.025 compound: Mössbauer-effect study
Creators: name: Żukrowski, Jan
name: Dubiel, Stanislaw M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: C14 Laves phase Nb0.975Fe2.025 compound was investigated by means of the Mössbauer spectroscopy. Spectra were recorded in the temperature range of 5-300K. Their analysis in terms of three sub spectra yielded information on magnetic and lattice dynamical properties of Fe atoms regularly occupying 2a and 6h lattice sites and, excessively, 4f sites. No indication of magnetism was observed down to the temperature of T=ca.50K, and spectral parameters viz. center shift, CS, and the main component of the electric field gradient, Vzz, behave regularly. In particular, analysis of CS(T) in terms of the Debye model yielded the following values of the Debye temperature, T_D: 453(5) K for the site 6h, 544(10) K for the site 2a, 479(4) K for the weighted average over 6h and 2a sites, and 363(35) K for the site 4f. Below ca.50K anomalous behavior was observed: a broadening of the spectrum appeared indicating thereby a transition into a magnetic phase. Analysis of a temperature dependence of the hyperfine field, B, associated with the 6h and 2a sub spectra yielded the magnetic ordering temperature T_C1=ca.50K for the former and T_C2=ca.31K for the latter. The maximum values of the hyperfine field at 5K, Bo, were 8.2 kGs and 3.3 kGs, respectively. The Bo-values were used to estimate values the underlying magnetic moments, m_Fe(6h)=0.055-0.065 Bohr magneton and m_Fe(2a)=0.02-0.025 Bohr magneton. Noteworthy, they are over one order of magnitude lower than those theoretically calculated. The CS and Vzz parameters showed anomalies in the magnetic phase, in particular the former exhibited a strong departure from the Debye model prediction testifying to a significant effect of magnetism on the lattice vibrations.
description: 14 pages, 26 references, 8 figures
Distortion of Ultra-high-energy sky by Galactic Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Takami, Hajime
name: Sato, Katsuhiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the deflections of UHE protons by Galactic magnetic field(GMF) using four conventional GMF models in order to discuss the positional correlation between the arrival distribution of UHECRs and their sources. UHE protons coming from the direction around the Galactic center are highly deflected above $8^{\circ}$ by the dipole magnetic field during their propagation in Galactic space. However, in bisymmetric spiral field models, there are directions with the deflection angle below $1^{\circ}$. One of these directions is toward Centaurus A, the nearest radio-loud active galactic nuclei that is one of possible candidates of UHECR sources. On the other hand, UHE protons arriving from the direction of the anti-Galactic center are less deflected, especially in bisymmetric spiral field models. Thus, the northern hemisphere, not including the Galactic center, is suitable for the studies of correlation with sources. The dependence on model parameters is also investigated. The deflection angles of UHE protons are dependent on the pitch angle of the spiral field. We also investigate distortion of the supergalactic plane by GMF. Since the distortion in the direction around Galactic center strongly depends on the GMF model, we can obtain information on GMF around Galactic center if Pierre Auger Observatory finds the significant positional correlation around the supergalactic plane.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, submitted to ApJ
Modeling Timing Features in Broadcast News Video Classification
Creators: name: Wei-Hao  Lin
name: Hauptmann, Alexander
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Broadcast news programs are well-structured video, and timing can be a strong predictor for specific types of news reports. However, learning a classifier using timing features may not be an easy task when training data are noisy. We approach the problem from the generative model perspective, and approximate the class density in a non-parametric fashion. The results show that timing is a simple but extremely effective feature, and our method can achieve significantly better performance than a discriminative classifier.
Fierz-complete NJL model study II: towards the fixed-point and phase structure of hot and dense two-flavor QCD
Creators: name: Braun, Jens
name: Leonhardt, Marc
name: Pospiech, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nambu-Jona-Lasinio-type models are often employed as low-energy models for the theory of the strong interaction to analyze its phase structure at finite temperature and quark chemical potential. In particular at low temperature and large chemical potential, where the application of fully first-principles approaches is currently difficult at best, this class of models still plays a prominent role to guide our understanding of the dynamics of dense strong-interaction matter. In this work, we consider a Fierz-complete version of the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model with two massless quark flavors and study its renormalization group flow and fixed-point structure at leading order of the derivative expansion of the effective action. Sum rules for the various four-quark couplings then allow us to monitor the strength of the breaking of the axial $U_{\rm A}(1)$ symmetry close to and above the phase boundary. We find that the dynamics in the ten-dimensional Fierz-complete space of four-quark couplings can only be reduced to a one-dimensional space associated with the scalar-pseudoscalar coupling in the strict large-$N_{\rm c}$ limit. Still, the interacting fixed point associated with this one-dimensional subspace appears to govern the dynamics at small quark chemical potential even beyond the large-$N_{\rm c}$ limit. At large chemical potential, corrections beyond the large-$N_{\rm c}$ limit become important and the dynamics is dominated by diquarks, favoring the formation of a chirally symmetric diquark condensate. In this regime, our study suggests that the phase boundary is shifted to higher temperatures when a Fierz-complete set of four-quark interactions is considered.
description: 29 pages, 9 figures
Agroforestry as a sustainable production system
Creators: name: Vityi, Andrea
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: agroforestry
research
innovation
Hungary

description: The aim of this presentation was to introduce agroforestry in general, the Hungarian agroforestry research and innovation activities, along with AFINET and other national and international projects, to a wider audience.
description: This presentation was held in the INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SUSTAINBALE ECONOMY AND AGRICULTURE, Kaposvár, Hungary, November 14, 2019.
Optimal computational and statistical rates of convergence for sparse nonconvex learning problems
Creators: name: Wang, Zhaoran
name: Liu, Han
name: Zhang, Tong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We provide theoretical analysis of the statistical and computational properties of penalized $M$-estimators that can be formulated as the solution to a possibly nonconvex optimization problem. Many important estimators fall in this category, including least squares regression with nonconvex regularization, generalized linear models with nonconvex regularization and sparse elliptical random design regression. For these problems, it is intractable to calculate the global solution due to the nonconvex formulation. In this paper, we propose an approximate regularization path-following method for solving a variety of learning problems with nonconvex objective functions. Under a unified analytic framework, we simultaneously provide explicit statistical and computational rates of convergence for any local solution attained by the algorithm. Computationally, our algorithm attains a global geometric rate of convergence for calculating the full regularization path, which is optimal among all first-order algorithms. Unlike most existing methods that only attain geometric rates of convergence for one single regularization parameter, our algorithm calculates the full regularization path with the same iteration complexity. In particular, we provide a refined iteration complexity bound to sharply characterize the performance of each stage along the regularization path. Statistically, we provide sharp sample complexity analysis for all the approximate local solutions along the regularization path. In particular, our analysis improves upon existing results by providing a more refined sample complexity bound as well as an exact support recovery result for the final estimator. These results show that the final estimator attains an oracle statistical property due to the usage of nonconvex penalty.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/14-AOS1238 the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Additional file 1 of Age-disparate and intergenerational sex partnerships and HIV: the role of gender norms among adolescent girls and young women in Malawi
Creators: name: Reed, Domonique M.
name: Radin, Elizabeth
name: Kim, Evelyn
name: Wadonda-Kabondo, Nellie
name: Payne, Danielle
name: Gillot, Myrline
name: Jahn, Andreas
name: Bello, George
name: Kalua, Thokozani
name: Justman, Jessica E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
From exhaustive simulations to key principles in DNA nanoelectronics
Creators: name: Korol, Roman
name: Segal, Dvira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Charge transfer can take place along double helical DNA over distances as long as 30 nanometers. However, given the active role of the thermal environment surrounding charge carriers in DNA, physical mechanisms driving the transfer process are highly debated. Moreover, the overall potential of DNA to act as a conducting material in nanoelectronic circuits is questionable. Here, we identify key principles in DNA nanoelectronics by performing an exhaustive computational study. The electronic structure of double-stranded DNA is described with a coarse-grained model. The dynamics of the molecular system and its environment is taken into account using a quantum scattering method, mimicking incoherent, elastic and inelastic effects. By analyzing all possible sequences with 3 to 7 base pairs, we identify fundamental principles in DNA nanoelectronics: The environment crucially influences the electrical conductance of DNA, and the majority of sequences conduct via a mixed, coherent-incoherent mechanism. Likewise, the metal-molecule coupling and the gateway states play significant roles in the transport behavior. While most sequences analyzed here are exposed to be rather poor electrical conductors, we identify exceptional DNA molecules, which we predict to be excellent and robust conductors of electric current over a wide range of physical conditions.
Surface theory in discrete projective differential geometry. I. A canonical frame and an integrable discrete Demoulin system
Creators: name: Schief, W. K.
name: Szereszewski, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first steps of a procedure which discretises surface theory in classical projective differential geometry in such a manner that underlying integrable structure is preserved. We propose a canonical frame in terms of which the associated projective Gauss-Weingarten and Gauss-Mainardi-Codazzi equations adopt compact forms. Based on a scaling symmetry which injects a parameter into the linear Gauss-Weingarten equations, we set down an algebraic classification scheme of discrete projective minimal surfaces which turns out to admit a geometric counterpart formulated in terms of discrete notions of Lie quadrics and their envelopes. In the case of discrete Demoulin surfaces, we derive a Backlund transformation for the underlying discrete Demoulin system and show how the latter may be formulated as a two-component generalisation of the integrable discrete Tzitzeica equation which has originally been derived in a different context. At the geometric level, this connection leads to the retrieval of the standard discretisation of affine spheres in affine differential geometry.
Hexagonal Structure of Baby Skyrmion Lattices
Creators: name: Hen, Itay
name: Karliner, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the zero-temperature crystalline structure of baby Skyrmions by applying a full-field numerical minimization algorithm to baby Skyrmions placed inside different parallelogramic unit-cells and imposing periodic boundary conditions. We find that within this setup, the minimal energy is obtained for the hexagonal lattice, and that in the resulting configuration the Skyrmion splits into quarter-Skyrmions. In particular, we find that the energy in the hexagonal case is lower than the one obtained on the well-studied rectangular lattice, in which splitting into half-Skyrmions is observed.
description: RevTeX, 7 pages, 6 figures
Modeling the Global Critical Path in Concurrent Systems
Creators: name: Girish  Venkataramani
name: Chelcea, Tiberiu
name: Budiu, Mihai
name: Goldstein, Seth C.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We show how the global critical path can be used as a practical tool for understanding, optimizing and summarizing the behavior of highly concurrent self-timed circuits. Traditionally, critical path analysis has been applied to DAGs, and thus was constrained to combinatorial sub-circuits. We formally define the global critical path (GCP) and show how it can be constructed using only local information that is automatically derived directly from the circuit. We introduce a form of Production Rules, which can accurately determine the GCP for a given input vector, even for modules which exhibit choice and early termination. The GCP provides valuable insight into the control behavior of the application, which help in formulating new optimizations and re-formulating existing ones to use the GCP knowledge. We have constructed a fully automated framework for GCP detection and analysis, and have incorporated this framework into a high-level synthesis tool-chain. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the GCP framework by re-formulating two traditional CAD optimizations to use the GCP—yielding efficient algorithms which improve circuit power (by up to 9%) and performance (by up to 60%) in our experiments.
Characterizing the variable dust permeability of planet-induced gaps
Creators: name: Weber, Philipp
name: Benítez-Llambay, Pablo
name: Gressel, Oliver
name: Krapp, Leonardo
name: Pessah, Martin E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aerodynamic theory predicts that dust grains in protoplanetary disks will drift radially inward on comparatively short timescales. In this context, it has long been known that the presence of a gap opened by a planet can alter the dust dynamics significantly. In this paper, we carry out a systematic study employing long-term numerical simulations aimed at characterizing the critical particle-size for retention outside a gap as a function of particle size and for various key parameters defining the protoplanetary disk model. To this end, we perform multifluid hydrodynamical simulations in two dimensions, including different dust species, which we treat as pressureless fluids. We initialize the dust outside of the planet's orbit and study under which conditions dust grains are able to cross the gap carved by the planet. In agreement with previous work, we find that the permeability of the gap depends both on dust dynamical properties and the gas disk structure: while small dust follows the viscously accreting gas through the gap, dust grains approaching a critical size are progressively filtered out. Moreover, we introduce and compute a depletion factor that enables us to quantify the way in which higher viscosity, smaller planet mass, or a more massive disk can shift this critical size to larger values. Our results indicate that gap-opening planets may act to deplete the inner reaches of protoplanetary disks of large dust grains -- potentially limiting the accretion of solids onto forming terrestrial planets.
description: 18 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Modeling the Cost of Misunderstanding Errors in the CMU Communicator Dialog System
Creators: name: Bohus, Dan
name: Rudnicky, Alexander
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We describe a data-driven approach that allows us to quantify the costs of various types of errors made by the utterance-level conﬁdence annotator in the Carnegie Mellon Communicator system. Knowing these costs we can determine the optimal tradeoff point between these errors, and tune the conﬁdence annotator accordingly. We describe several models, based on concept transmission efﬁciency. The models ﬁt our data quite well and the relative costs of errors are in accordance with our intuition. We also ﬁnd,
surprisingly, that for a mixed-initiative system such as the CMU Communicator, false positive and false negative errors trade-off equally over a wide operating range.
Fluctuations of the total entropy production in stochastic systems
Creators: name: Joubaud, Sylvain
name: Garnier, Nicolas
name: Ciliberto, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fluctuations of the excess heat in an out of equilibrium steady state are experimentally investigated in two stochastic systems : an electric circuit with an imposed mean current and a harmonic oscillator driven out of equilibrium by a periodic torque. In these two linear systems, we study excess heat that represents the difference between the dissipated heat out of equilibrium and the dissipated heat at equilibrium. Fluctuation theorem holds for the excess heat in the two experimental systems for all observation times and for all fluctuation magnitudes.
description: 6 p
title: Connection between food, body and mind
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Teasdale, Scott
name: Marx, Wolfgang
name: Warner, Molly
name: Fayet-Moore, Flavia
name: Marshall, Skye
Publisher: name: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: FOS: Physical sciences
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: There is growing evidence that diet quality and adequate nutrition could improve mental health. Many factors influence the diets of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Examples include the disruption by colonisation to traditional dietary patterns and food sourcing, and the entrenchment of socioeconomic disadvantage. As a population group, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people are consuming a diet of low nutritional quality. This paper reviews the nutrition-focused programs that also measured emotional wellbeing and mental health outcomes for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities. It does not consider food security, even though it is an issue in some communities. The preliminary evidence supports nutrition and food-related skills and knowledge as a core component of programs to improve emotional wellbeing.
Contemporary machine learning: a guide for practitioners in the physical sciences
Creators: name: Spears, Brian K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine learning is finding increasingly broad application in the physical sciences. This most often involves building a model relationship between a dependent, measurable output and an associated set of controllable, but complicated, independent inputs. We present a tutorial on current techniques in machine learning -- a jumping-off point for interested researchers to advance their work. We focus on deep neural networks with an emphasis on demystifying deep learning. We begin with background ideas in machine learning and some example applications from current research in plasma physics. We discuss supervised learning techniques for modeling complicated functions, beginning with familiar regression schemes, then advancing to more sophisticated deep learning methods. We also address unsupervised learning and techniques for reducing the dimensionality of input spaces. Along the way, we describe methods for practitioners to help ensure that their models generalize from their training data to as-yet-unseen test data. We describe classes of tasks -- predicting scalars, handling images, fitting time-series -- and prepare the reader to choose an appropriate technique. We finally point out some limitations to modern machine learning and speculate on some ways that practitioners from the physical sciences may be particularly suited to help.
description: 29 pages, 16 figures
Threading Dynamics of Ring Polymers in a Gel
Creators: name: Michieletto, D.
name: Marenduzzo, D.
name: Orlandini, E.
name: Alexander, G. P.
name: Turner, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform large scale three-dimensional molecular dynamics simulations of unlinked and unknotted ring polymers diffusing through a background gel, here a three-dimensional cubic lattice. Taking advantage of this architecture, we propose a new method to unambiguously identify and quantify inter-ring threadings (penetrations) and to relate these to the dynamics of the ring polymers. We find that both the number and the persistence time of the threadings increase with the length of the chains, ultimately leading to a percolating network of inter-ring penetrations. We discuss the implications of these findings for the possible emergence of a topological jammed state of very long rings.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of From pixels to patient care: deep learning-enabled pathomics signature offers precise outcome predictions for immunotherapy in esophageal squamous cell cancer
Creators: name: Li, Butuo
name: Qin, Wenru
name: Yang, Linlin
name: Li, Haoqian
name: Jiang, Chao
name: Yao, Yueyuan
name: Cheng, Shuping
name: Zou, Bing
name: Fan, Bingjie
name: Dong, Taotao
name: Wang, Linlin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Cell Biology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Univariate and multivariate cox regression analysis of ESCC-PS and clinicopathological characteristics for progression-free survival in training cohort. Table S2. Univariate and multivariate cox regression analysis of ESCC-PS and clinicopathological characteristics for overall survival in training cohort.
Modeling Skewed Distribution Using Multifractals and the `80-20' Law
Creators: name: Faloutsos, Christos
name: Matias, Yossi
name: Silberschatz, Avi
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The focus of this paper is on the characterization of the skewness of an attribute-value distribution and on the extrapolations for interesting parameters. More specifically, given a vector with the highest h multiplicities mvec = (m1, m2, ..., mh), and some frequency moments Fq =\sum miq , (e.g., q=0, 2), we provide effective schemes for obtaining estimates about either its statistics or subsets/supersets of the relation. We assume an 80/20 law, and specifically, a p/(1-p) law. This law gives a distribution which is commonly known in the fractals literature as `multifractal'. We show how to estimate p from the given information (first few multiplicities and a few moments), and present the results of our experimentations on real data. Our results demonstrate that schemes based on our multifractal assumption consistently outperforms those schemes based on the uniformity assumption, which are commonly used in current DBMSs. Moreover, our schemes can be used to provide estimates for supersets of a relation, which the uniformity assumption based schemes can not not provide at all.
Superfield approach to symmetry invariance in QED with complex scalar fields
Creators: name: Malik, R. P.
name: Mandal, B. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the Grassmannian independence of the super Lagrangian density, expressed in terms of the superfields defined on a (4, 2)-dimensional supermanifold, is a clear-cut proof for the Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin (BRST) and anti-BRST invariance of the corresoponding four (3 + 1)-dimensional (4D) Lagrangian density that describes the interaction between the U(1) gauge field and the charged complex scalar fields. The above 4D field theoretical model is considered on a (4, 2)-dimensional supermanifold parametrized by the ordinary four spacetime variables x^μ(with μ= 0, 1, 2, 3) and a pair of Grassmannian variables θand \barθ(with θ^2 = \barθ^2 = 0, θ\barθ+ \barθθ= 0). Geometrically, the (anti-)BRST invariance is encoded in the translation of the super Lagrangian density along the Grassmannian directions of the above supermanifold such that the outcome of this shift operation is zero.
description: LaTeX file, 14 pages, minor changes in the title and text, version to appear in ``Pramana - Journal of Physics''
Unitarity of the SoV transform for the Toda chain
Creators: name: Kozlowski, K. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum separation of variables method consists in mapping the original Hilbert space where a spectral problem is formulated onto one where the spectral problem takes a simpler "separated" form. In order to realise such a program, one should construct the map explicitly and then show that it is unitary. In the present paper, we develop a technique which allows one to prove the unitarity of this map in the case of the quantum Toda chain. Our proof solely builds on objects and relations naturally arising in the framework of the so-called quantum inverse scattering method. Hence, with minor modifications, it should be readily transposable to other quantum integrable models solvable by the quantum separation of variables method. As such, it provides an important alternative to the proof of the map's unitarity based on the group theoretical interpretation of the quantum Toda chain, which is absent for more complex quantum integrable models.
description: 44 pages, V2 few misprints corrected
Potential for measurement of the tensor magnetic polarizability of the deuteron in storage ring experiments
Creators: name: Silenko, Alexander J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: General formulas describing deuteron spin dynamics in storage rings with allowance for the tensor electric and magnetic polarizabilities are derived. It is found that an initially tensor-polarized deuteron beam can acquire a final horizontal vector polarization of the order of 1%. This effect allows one to measure the tensor magnetic polarizability of the deuteron in storage ring experiments. We also confirm an existence of the effect found by Baryshevsky and Gurinovich, hep-ph/0506135 and Baryshevsky, hep-ph/0510158; hep-ph/0603191 that the tensor magnetic polarizability of the deuteron causes the spin rotation with two frequencies and experiences beating for polarized deuteron beams in storage rings.
description: Corrected text, 8 pages
Synchronization of a Self-Sustained Cold Atom Oscillator
Creators: name: Heimonen, Hermanni
name: Kwek, Leong Chuan
name: Kaiser, Robin
name: Labeyrie, Guillaume
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinear oscillations and synchronisation phenomena are ubiquitous in nature. We study the synchronization of self oscillating magneto-optically trapped cold atoms to a weak external driving. The oscillations arise from a dynamical instability due the competition between the screened magneto-optical trapping force and the inter-atomic repulsion due to multiple scattering of light. A weak modulation of the trapping force allows the oscillations of the cloud to synchronize to the driving. The synchronization frequency range increases with the forcing amplitude. The corresponding Arnold tongue is experimentally measured and compared to theoretical predictions. Phase-locking between the oscillator and drive is also observed.
description: Corrected typos