cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Expression and subcellular localization of the ryanodine receptor in rat pancreatic acinar cells
Creators: name: LEITE, M. Fatima
name: GAO, Ling
name: NATHANSON, Michael H.
name: DRANOFF, Jonathan A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: The ryanodine receptor (RyR) is the principal Ca2+-release channel in excitable cells, whereas the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (InsP3) receptor (InsP3R) is primarily responsible for Ca2+ release in non-excitable cells, including epithelia. RyR also is expressed in a number of non-excitable cell types, but is thought to serve as an auxiliary or alternative Ca2+-release pathway in those cells. Here we use reverse transcription PCR to show that a polarized epithelium, the pancreatic acinar cell, expresses the type 2, but not the type 1 or 3, isoform of RyR. We furthermore use immunochemistry to demonstrate that the type 2 RyR is distributed throughout the basolateral and, to a lesser extent, the apical region of the acinar cell, but is excluded from the trigger zone, where cytosolic Ca2+ signals originate in this cell type. Since propagation of Ca2+ waves in acinar cells is sensitive to ryanodine, caffeine and Ca2+, these findings suggest that Ca2+ waves in this cell type result from the co-ordinated release of Ca2+, first from InsP3Rs in the trigger zone, then from RyRs elsewhere in the cell. RyR may play a fundamental role in Ca2+ signalling in polarized epithelia, including for Ca2+ signals initiated by InsP3.
title: Polar geomagnetism
Creators: name: Kelly, Gemma
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2013

description: The availability of high-quality data during the past decade has allowed the development of geomagnetic field models which reproduce well the observed field at low to mid latitudes. However, the complexity of un-modelled processes and interactions in the polar ionosphere and magnetosphere causes significant residuals between data and models at high latitudes. Signatures of high latitude currents are clearly visible in the residuals for several recent models in both amplitude and direction, and so are not easily interpretable as field-aligned currents. Motivated by this we identify new techniques to allow more, and better quality, data to be selected for use in field modelling at high latitudes. We also look to include more vector data to improve data uniformity and distribution whilst still avoiding the un-modelled sources of the field, in particular within the auroral oval. We investigate both the use of additional indices in the selection process and a method of locating the highly variable external currents to identify the region where vector data are not selected. By introducing additional criteria we extended the local-time window allowing data density to have greater uniformity in time. We also include vector data at higher latitudes, only using scalar data where we believe external field sources are introducing noise to the data. When using our data selection criteria in the generation of a relatively simply parameterised geomagnetic model we get results that are close to more complex models. For example, we are able to reproduce features of the field seen in CHAOS-4, MF7 and EMAG3, despite only using CHAMP data for a single year. This makes us optimistic for future developments using longer time series.
Osteocalcin binds tightly to the γ-glutamylcarboxylase at a site distinct from that of the other known vitamin K-dependent proteins
Creators: name: PROOST, Paul
name: EBBERINK, Rob H.M.
name: VERMEER, Cees
name: STAFFORD, Darrel W.
name: JIN, Dayun
name: SOUTE, Berry A.M.
name: HOUBEN, Roger J.T.J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: Vitamin K-dependent proteins contain a propeptide that is required for recognition by the enzyme gamma-glutamylcarboxylase. Substrates used in vitro for carboxylation studies lacking a prosequence are characterized by Km values in the millimolar range, whereas the Km for peptides containing a prosequence is three or four orders of magnitude smaller. Here we report that descarboxy-osteocalcin is an exception in this respect. With descarboxy-osteocalcin in purified propeptide-free recombinant carboxylase, the Km was 1.8 microM. Furthermore, osteocalcin was an inhibitor of descarboxy-osteocalcin carboxylation with a Ki of 76 microM. In contrast with the other vitamin K-dependent proteins, free propeptides do not inhibit descarboxy-osteocalcin carboxylation. Moreover, propeptide-containing substrates were inhibited neither by osteocalcin nor by its propeptide. From our studies we conclude that descarboxy-osteocalcin must have an internal recognition sequence that binds to gamma-glutamylcarboxylase at a site different from the propeptide-recognition site.
Phosphorylation by protein kinase C decreases catalytic activity of avian phospholipase C-β
Creators: name: PATERSON, Andrew
name: HARDEN, T.Kendall
name: STANIG, Kara J.
name: FILTZ, Theresa M.
name: CUNNINGHAM, Michelle L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: The potential role of protein kinase C (PKC)-promoted phosphorylation has been examined in the G-protein-regulated inositol lipid signalling pathway. Incubation of [32P]Pi-labelled turkey erythrocytes with either the P2Y1 receptor agonist 2-methylthioadenosine triphosphate (2MeSATP) or with PMA resulted in a marked increase in incorporation of 32P into the G-protein-activated phospholipase C PLC-betaT. Purified PLC-betaT also was phosphorylated by PKC in vitro to a stoichiometry (mean+/-S. E.M.) of 1.06+/-0.2 mol of phosphate/mol of PLC-betaT. Phosphorylation by PKC was isoenzyme-specific because, under identical conditions, mammalian PLC-beta2 also was phosphorylated to a stoichiometry near unity, whereas mammalian PLC-beta1 was not phosphorylated by PKC. The effects of PKC-promoted phosphorylation on enzyme activity were assessed by reconstituting purified PLC-betaT with turkey erythrocyte membranes devoid of endogenous PLC activity. Phosphorylation resulted in a decrease in basal activity, AlF4(-)-stimulated activity, and activity stimulated by 2MeSATP plus guanosine 5'-[gamma-thio]triphosphate in the reconstituted membranes. The decreases in enzyme activities were proportional to the extent of PKC-promoted phosphorylation. Catalytic activity assessed by using mixed detergent/phospholipid micelles also was decreased by up to 60% by phosphorylation. The effect of phosphorylation on Gqalpha-stimulated PLC-betaT in reconstitution experiments with purified proteins was not greater than that observed on basal activity alone. Taken together, these results illustrate that PKC phosphorylates PLC-betaT in vivo and to a physiologically relevant stoichiometry in vitro. Phosphorylation is accompanied by a concomitant loss of enzyme activity, reflected as a decrease in overall catalytic activity rather than as a specific modification of G-protein-regulated activity.
Violence in fishing, hunting, and gathering societies of the Atacama Desert coast: A long-term perspective (10,000 BP—AD 1450)
Creators: name: Marquet, Pablo A.
name: Monsalve, Susana
name: Arriaza, Bernardo
name: Coleman, Drew
name: Verano, John
name: Valenzuela, Daniela
name: Santoro, Calogero M.
name: Standen, Vivien G.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2023

description: In this study, we examine the long-term trajectory of violence in societies that inhabited the coast of the Atacama Desert in northern Chile using three lines of evidence: bioarchaeology, geoarchaeology and socio-cultural contexts (rock art, weapons, and settlement patterns). These millennia-old populations adopted a way of life, which they maintained for 10,000 years, based on fishing, hunting, and maritime gathering, complementing this with terrestrial resources. We analyzed 288 adult individuals to search for traumas resulting from interpersonal violence and used strontium isotopes 87Sr/86Sr as a proxy to evaluate whether individuals that showed traces of violence were members of local or non-local groups. Moreover, we evaluated settlement patterns, rock art, and weapons. The results show that the violence was invariant during the 10,000 years in which these groups lived without contact with the western world. During the Formative Period (1000 BC-AD 500), however, the type of violence changed, with a substantial increase in lethality. Finally, during the Late Intermediate Period (AD 1000–1450), violence and lethality remained similar to that of the Formative Period. The chemical signal of Sr shows a low frequency of individuals who were coastal outsiders, suggesting that violence occurred between local groups. Moreover, the presence of weapons and rock art depicting scenes of combat supports the notion that these groups engaged in violence. By contrast, the settlement pattern shows no defensive features. We consider that the absence of centralized political systems could have been a causal factor in explaining violence, together with the fact that these populations were organized in small-scale grouping. Another factor may have been competition for the same resources in the extreme environments of the Atacama Desert. Finally, from the Formative Period onward, we cannot rule out a certain level of conflict between fishers and their close neighbors, the horticulturalists.
Quantum interpretations of AWPP and APP
Creators: name: Morimae, Tomoyuki
name: Nishimura, Harumichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: AWPP is a complexity class introduced by Fenner, Fortnow, Kurtz, and Li, which is defined using GapP functions. Although it is an important class as the best upperbound of BQP, its definition seems to be somehow artificial, and therefore it would be better if we have some "physical interpretation" of AWPP. Here we provide a quantum physical interpretation of AWPP: we show that AWPP is equal to the class of problems efficiently solved by a quantum computer with the ability of postselecting an event whose probability is close to an FP function. This result is applied to also obtain a quantum physical interpretation of APP. In addition, we consider "classical physical analogue" of these results, and show that a restricted version of ${\rm BPP}_{\rm path}$ contains ${\rm UP}\cap{\rm coUP}$ and is contained in WAPP.
description: 22 pages, 1 figure
Characterization of Sp17: a ubiquitous three domain protein that binds heparin
Creators: name: WIDGREN, Esther E.
name: O’RAND, Michael G.
name: RICHARDSON, Richard T.
name: WEN, Ying
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: Sp17 is a protein that was originally thought to be expressed exclusively in the testis and whose primary function was binding to the extracellular matrix of the oocyte. Several recent reports have implicated Sp17 as having a role in cell-cell adhesion and/or cell migration in transformed, lymphocytic and haematopoietic cells, possibly through its interaction with extracellular heparan sulphate. In the present study, we report that Sp17's central domain (amino acids 61-117), spanning exon 3, is critical for heparin binding. Sp17 has two additional functional domains, an N-terminal domain similar to the dimer-interaction site in the cAMP-dependent protein kinase IIalpha regulatory subunit and a C-terminal calmodulin-binding domain. The mouse gene for Sp17 is 6.5 kb and contains four exons. Although Sp17 expression is highest in the testis, it is present in all of the mouse somatic tissues examined and is highly conserved throughout all mammalian species. Sp17's central domain, which is necessary for heparin binding, exhibits the greatest sequence divergence of all three domains. The Sp17 gene is induced in metastatic cells and during mucosal immune responses, and the protein appears to play an important role in cell migration and/or adhesion in somatic cells, as well as in male germ cells.
Evidence for a novel natriuretic peptide receptor that prefers brain natriuretic peptide over atrial natriuretic peptide
Creators: name: SMITHIES, Oliver
name: PURDY, Kit E.
name: MOHLER, Peter J.
name: QIAN, Xun
name: OLIVER, Paula M.
name: GOY, Michael F.
name: FOX, Jennifer E.
name: MAEDA, Nobuyo
name: KNOWLES, Joshua W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) exert their physiological actions by binding to natriuretic peptide receptor A (NPRA), a receptor guanylate cyclase (rGC) that synthesizes cGMP in response to both ligands. The family of rGCs is rapidly expanding, and it is plausible that there might be additional, as yet undiscovered, rGCs whose function is to provide alternative signalling pathways for one or both of these peptides, particularly given the low affinity of NPRA for BNP. We have investigated this hypothesis, using a genetically modified (knockout) mouse in which the gene encoding NPRA has been disrupted. Enzyme assays and NPRA-specific Western blots performed on tissues from wild-type mice demonstrate that ANP-activated cGMP synthesis provides a good index of NPRA protein expression, which ranges from maximal in adrenal gland, lung, kidney, and testis to minimal in heart and colon. In contrast, immunoreactive NPRA is not detectable in tissues isolated from NPRA knockout animals and ANP- and BNP-stimulatable GC activities are markedly reduced in all mutant tissues. However, testis and adrenal gland retain statistically significant, high-affinity responses to BNP. This residual response to BNP cannot be accounted for by natriuretic peptide receptor B, or any other known mammalian rGC, suggesting the presence of a novel receptor in these tissues that prefers BNP over ANP.
Nasal and Plasma SARS-CoV-2 RNA Levels are Associated with Timing of Symptom Resolution in the ACTIV-2 Trial of Non-hospitalized Adults with COVID-19
Creators: name: Smith, Davey M
name: Li, Jonathan Z
name: Moser, Carlee
name: Javan, Arzhang Cyrus
name: Currier, Judy S
name: Hughes, Michael D
name: Wu, Ryan
name: Wohl, David A
name: Coombs, Robert
name: Li, Yijia
name: Daar, Eric S
name: Evering, Teresa H
name: Eron, Joseph J
name: Harrison, Linda J
name: Chew, Kara W
name: Ritz, Justin
name: Giganti, Mark
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Acute COVID-19 symptoms limit daily activities, but little is known about its association with SARS-CoV-2 viral burden. In this exploratory analysis of placebo recipients in the ACTIV-2/A5401 platform trial, we showed that high anterior nasal (AN) RNA levels and detectable plasma RNA were associated with delayed symptom improvement.
Charge modulation as fingerprints of phase-string triggered interference
Creators: name: Zhu, Zheng
name: Tian, Chushun
name: Jiang, Hong-Chen
name: Qi, Yang
name: Weng, Zheng-Yu
name: Zaanen, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Charge order appears to be an ubiquitous phenomenon in doped Mott insulators, which is currently under intense experimental and theoretical investigations particularly in the high $T_c$ cuprates. This phenomenon is conventionally understood in terms of Hartree-Fock type mean field theory. Here we demonstrate a mechanism for charge modulation which is rooted in the many-particle quantum physics arising in the strong coupling limit. Specifically, we consider the problem of a single hole in a bipartite $t-J$ ladder. As a remnant of the fermion signs, the hopping hole picks up subtle phases pending the fluctuating spins, the so-called phase string effect. We demonstrate the presence of charge modulations in the density matrix renormalization group solutions which disappear when the phase strings are switched off. This form of charge modulation can be understood analytically in a path-integral language, showing that the phase strings give rise to constructive interferences leading to self-localization. When the latter occurs, left- and right-moving propagating modes emerge inside the localization volume and their interference is responsible for the real space charge modulation.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures. Comments on a followup paper by S. R. White, D. J. Scalapino, and S. A. Kivelson (arXiv:1502.04403) added
Weakly maximal subgroups in regular branch groups
Creators: name: Bou-Rabee, Khalid
name: Leemann, Paul-Henry
name: Nagnibeda, Tatiana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20E08, 20F65

description: Let $G$ be a finitely generated regular branch group acting by automorphisms on a regular rooted tree $T$. It is well-known that stabilizers of infinite rays in $T$ (aka parabolic subgroups) are weakly maximal subgroups in $G$, that is, maximal among subgroups of infinite index. We show that, given a finite subgroup $Q\leq G$, $G$ possesses uncountably many automorphism equivalence classes of weakly maximal subgroups containing $Q$. In particular, for Grigorchuk-Gupta-Sidki type groups this implies that they have uncountably many automorphism equivalence classes of weakly maximal subgroups that are not parabolic.
description: 11 pages; a few corrections; to appear in J. Algebra
Multiple stimuli induce tyrosine phosphorylation of the Crk-binding sites of paxillin
Creators: name: SCHAEFER, Erik M.
name: SCHALLER, Michael D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: Paxillin is a focal-adhesion-associated, tyrosine-phosphorylated protein. In cells transformed by the src, crk or BCR-Abl oncogenes, the phosphotyrosine content of paxillin is elevated. In normal cells paxillin functions in signalling following integrin-dependent cell adhesion or exposure to a number of stimuli, including growth factors and neuropeptides. These stimuli induce tyrosine phosphorylation of paxillin, regulating the association of Src homology 2 domain-containing signalling molecules with paxillin. There are multiple sites of tyrosine phosphorylation on paxillin. To elucidate the role of paxillin in transducing signals in response to various stimuli, it is essential to identify all of the sites of phosphorylation on paxillin and to define which residues are phosphorylated in response to distinct stimuli. We describe two new sites of tyrosine phosphorylation on paxillin, residues at positions 40 and 88. Using paxillin variants with phenylalanine substitutions at phosphorylation sites and phospho-specific paxillin antibodies, tyrosine phosphorylation of paxillin in response to distinct stimuli was examined. The results demonstrate that Tyr(31) and Tyr(118), which are binding sites for Crk, are major sites of tyrosine phosphorylation following cell adhesion or stimulation with platelet-derived growth factor or angiotensin II. Thus multiple stimuli may elicit similar signalling events downstream of paxillin.
Nasal and Plasma Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 RNA Levels Are Associated With Timing of Symptom Resolution in the ACTIV-2 Trial of Nonhospitalized Adults With Coronavirus Disease 2019
Creators: name: Giganti, Mark
name: Eron, Joseph J
name: Chew, Kara W
name: Hughes, Michael D
name: Moser, Carlee
name: Currier, Judy S
name: Javan, Arzhang Cyrus
name: Wohl, David A
name: Smith, Davey M
name: Evering, Teresa H
name: Ritz, Justin
name: Daar, Eric S
name: Coombs, Robert W
name: Li, Jonathan Z
name: Li, Yijia
name: Wu, Ryan
name: Harrison, Linda J
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2023

description: Acute Coronavirus Disease 2019 symptoms limit daily activities, but little is known about its association with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 viral burden. In this exploratory analysis of placebo recipients in the ACTIV-2/A5401 platform trial, we showed that high anterior nasal RNA levels and detectable plasma RNA were associated with delayed symptom improvement.Clinical Trials Registration.https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04518410.
title: Individual control over office lighting: perceptions, choices and energy savings
Creators: name: Newsham, G. R.
name: Veitch, J. A.
Publisher: name: National Research Council of Canada. Institute for Research in Construction
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Office lighting
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0615
subject: Éclairage de bureau
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0615
subject: Energy efficiency
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0613
subject: Éclairage éconergétique
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0613

description: Designers, researchers and the building services community tend to believe that occupants should have individual control over their workplace environments. If most employees would tend to raise light levels only at their own work stations, managers could provide a much lower level of ambient lighting. In fact, among designers, researchers and the building services community are some who suggest that a personally tailored environment promotes job satisfaction, leading to greater performance and hence economic payoffs for the employer. But is all this really so?
description: Les concepteurs, les chercheurs et les spécialistes des équipements du bâtiment croient généralement qu'il vaut mieux donner aux occupants la maîtrise individuelle de leur propre milieu de travail. Il est vrai que la plupart des employés ont tendance à augmenter l'intensité de la lumière à leur poste de travail alors que les directeurs semblent favoriser une intensité lumineuse ambiante plus faible. En fait, parmi les concepteurs, les chercheurs et les spécialistes des équipements du bâtiment, certains pensent qu'un plus grand contrôle individuel sur l'environnement de travail augmente la satisfaction et le rendement, et a donc des retombées économiques pour l'employeur. Sont-ils dans le vrai?
The physical nature of the cosmic accretion of baryons and dark matter into halos and their galaxies
Creators: name: Wetzel, Andrew R.
name: Nagai, Daisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cosmic accretion of both dark matter and baryons into halos typically is measured using some evolving virial relation, but recent work suggests that most halo growth at late cosmic time (z < 2) is not physical but is rather the by-product of an evolving virial radius ("pseudo-evolution"). Using Omega25, a suite of cosmological simulations that incorporate both dark matter and gas dynamics with differing treatments of gas cooling, star formation, and thermal feedback, we systematically explore the physics that governs cosmic accretion into halos and their galaxies. Physically meaningful cosmic accretion of both dark matter and baryons occurs at z > 1 across our halo mass range: M_200m = 10^{11-14} M_sun. However, dark matter, because it is dissipationless, is deposited (in a time-average sense) at > R_200m(z) in a shell-like manner, such that dark-matter mass and density experience little-to-no physical growth at any radius within a halo at z < 1. In contrast, gas, because it is able to cool radiatively, experiences significant accretion at all radii, at a rate that roughly tracks the accretion rate at R_200m, at all redshifts. Infalling gas starts to decouple from dark matter at ~2 R_200m and continues to accrete to smaller radii until the onset of strong angular-momentum support at ~ 0.1 R_200m. Thus, while the growth of dark matter is subject to pseudo-evolution, the growth of baryons is not. The fact that the accretion rate of gas on galactic scales tracks the accretion rate near R_200m provides insight into the tight relations between the masses/sizes of galaxies and those of their host halos across cosmic time.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ. Matches published version
Slot for Face Shield
Creators: name: Aparicio, Luis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: covid-19, slot, face shield, stl, 3d print

description: Slot for a 1-inch elastic strap for face shield. It is designed to fit the NHI approved face shield model (https://3dprint.nih.gov/discover/3dpx-013375) for clinical use.
title: Control of floor vibration
Creators: name: Allen, D. E.
name: Pernica, G.
Publisher: name: National Research Council of Canada. Institute for Research in Construction
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Vibrations
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0810
subject: Vibrations
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0810
subject: Floors
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0841
subject: Planchers
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0841

description: New construction technologies advocate longer spans and thinner decks for floors. These are conditions that can lead to excessive floor vibrations. A floor has natural vibrations, say 2 Hz. When a rhythmic activity on or near the floor approaches that vibration or a multiple of it, the floor starts to vibrate. This situation can be alleviated by increasing the rate at which a floor absorbs vibration energy, stiffening the floor by increasing the floor member depth, or putting soft springs under vibration-inducing machinery. The implementation of remedial measures depends somewhat on the floor construction.
description: Dans la construction moderne, la mode est aux grandes portées et aux éléments porteurs moins épais pour les planchers. Or, cela peut provoquer une vibration excessive des planchers. Un plancher a des vibrations propres, disons de 2 Hz. Lorsqu'une activité rythmique exercée sur le plancher ou près de celui-ci avoisine ce niveau de vibration, ou un multiple, le plancher se met à vibrer. On peut remédier à ce problème en augmentant la vitesse à laquelle le plancher absorbe l'énergie vibratoire, en renforçant le plancher par augmentation de la hauteur de ses éléments de charpente, ou en montant sur ressorts mous les machines qui produisent des vibrations. La mise en oeuvre des mesures correctives dépend dans une certaine mesure du type de plancher.
Pterin interactions with distinct reductase activities of NO synthase
Creators: name: PFLEIDERER, Wolfgang
name: SHUTENKO, Zhanna
name: VALTSCHANOFF, Juli G.
name: FREY, Armin
name: WEINBERG, Richard J.
name: REIF, Andreas
name: PANTKE, Morten M.
name: SCHMIDT, Harald H.H.W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: Besides oxidizing L-arginine, neuronal NO synthase (NOS) NADPH-dependently reduces various electron acceptors, including cytochrome c and tetrazolium salts. The latter NADPH diaphorase reaction is used as a NOS-specific histochemical stain. Both reductase activities have been utilized to analyse electron transfer mechanisms within NOS. Basal L-arginine turnover by homodimeric NOS is enhanced by exogenous tetrahydrobiopterin, and the intra-subunit electron flow may include intermediate trihydrobiopterin. In the present work we have investigated the possible role of the tetrahydrobiopterin binding site of NOS in its reductase activities by examining the effects of anti-pterin type (PHS) NOS inhibitors. Although the type I anti-pterin, PHS-32, which does not affect basal dimeric NOS activity, also had no effect on either reductase activity, the type II anti-pterin, PHS-72, which inhibits basal NOS activity, inhibited both reductase activities and the NADPH diaphorase histochemical stain. Pterin-free NOS monomers catalysed both cytochrome c and tetrazolium salt reduction. Our data suggest that both NOS reductase activities are independent of tetrahydrobiopterin. However, occupation of an exosite near the pterin site in NOS by type II anti-pterins may interfere with the electron flow within the active centre, suggesting that steric perturbation of the pterin binding pocket or reductase interaction contribute to the mechanism of inhibition by this class of NOS inhibitors.
Optimizing SARS-CoV-2 Pooled Testing Strategies Through Differentiated Pooling for Distinct Groups
Creators: name: Max, R.
name: Mulholland, G.E.
name: Filiatreau, L.M.
name: Edwards, J.K.
name: Zivich, P.N.
name: Westreich, D.
Publisher: name: NLM (Medline)
Year: 2023

description: Pooled testing has been successfully used to expand SARS-CoV-2 testing, especially in settings requiring high volumes of screening of lower-risk individuals, but efficiency of pooling declines as prevalence rises. We propose a differentiated pooling strategy that independently optimizes pool sizes for distinct groups with different probabilities of infection to further improve the efficiency of pooled testing. We compared the efficiency (results obtained per test kit used) of the differentiated strategy with a traditional pooling strategy in which all samples are processed using uniform pool sizes under a range of scenarios. For most scenarios, differentiated pooling is more efficient than traditional pooling. In scenarios examined here, an improvement in efficiency of up to 3.94 results per test kit could be obtained through differentiated versus traditional pooling, with more likely scenarios resulting in 0.12 to 0.61 additional results per kit. Under circumstances similar to those observed in a university setting, implementation of our strategy could result in an improvement in efficiency between 0.03 to 3.21 results per test kit. Our results can help identify settings, such as universities and workplaces, where differentiated pooling can conserve critical testing resources.
Percolation transitions in the survival of interdependent agents on multiplex networks, catastrophic cascades, and SOS
Creators: name: Grassberger, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The "SOS" in the title does not refer to the international distress signal, but to "solid-on-solid" (SOS) surface growth. The catastrophic cascades are those observed by Buldyrev {\it et al.} in interdependent networks, which we re-interpret as multiplex networks with agents that can only survive if they mutually support each other, and whose survival struggle we map onto an SOS type growth model. This mapping not only reveals non-trivial structures in the phase space of the model, but also leads to a new and extremely efficient simulation algorithm. We use this algorithm to study interdependent agents on duplex Erdös-Rényi (ER) networks and on lattices with dimensions 2, 3, 4, and 5. We obtain new and surprising results in all these cases, and we correct statements in the literature for ER networks and for 2-d lattices. In particular, we find that $d=4$ is the upper critical dimension, that the percolation transition is continuous for $d\leq 4$ but -- at least for $d\neq 3$ -- not in the universality class of ordinary percolation. For ER networks we verify that the cluster statistics is exactly described by mean field theory, but find evidence that the cascade process is not. For $d=5$ we find a first order transition as for ER networks, but we find also that small clusters have a nontrivial mass distribution that scales at the transition point. Finally, for $d=2$ with intermediate range dependency links we propose a scenario different from that proposed in W. Li {\it et al.}, PRL {\bf 108}, 228702 (2012).
description: 19 pages, 32 figures
Missing Outcome Data in Epidemiologic Studies
Creators: name: Edwards, J.K.
name: Shook-Sa, B.E.
name: Price, J.T.
name: Zivich, P.N.
name: Ross, R.K.
name: Cole, S.R.
name: Stringer, J.S.A.
Publisher: name: NLM (Medline)
Year: 2023

description: Missing data are pandemic and a central problem for epidemiology. Missing data reduce precision and can cause notable bias. There remain too few simple published examples detailing types of missing data and illustrating their possible impact on results. Here we take an example randomized trial that was not subject to missing data and induce missing data to illustrate 4 scenarios in which outcomes are 1) missing completely at random, 2) missing at random with positivity, 3) missing at random without positivity, and 4) missing not at random. We demonstrate that accounting for missing data is generally a better strategy than ignoring missing data, which unfortunately remains a standard approach in epidemiology.
title: Surface preparation of the concrete substrate
Creators: name: Mailvaganam, N. P.
name: Pye, G. B.
name: Arnott, M. R.
Publisher: name: National Research Council of Canada. Institute for Research in Construction
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Concrete
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0740
subject: Béton
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0740

description: The concrete substrate of a deck or slab needs to be carefully prepared for the application of a protective coating or for the replacement of its damaged surface. To ensure that proper bonding can occur, surface contaminants and loose materials have to be removed. This is not an easy task. For one thing, the zones of deteriorated concrete are not always clearly definable; for another, the choice of appropriate preparatory methods is wide, from chemical cleaning to scarifying to blast cleaning. When the surface is dry, clean and level, only then is it ready to receive its topping.
description: Le support de béton pour une terrasse ou une dalle nécessite une préparation soigneuse, que l'on applique un revêtement de protection ou que l'on remplace une partie endommagée. Pour assurer une bonne adhérence, il faut éliminer les contaminants de surface et les morceaux épars. Ce n'est pas chose facile. D'abord, les parties de béton détériorées ne sont pas toujours clairement visibles et puis, le choix des méthodes appropriées de préparation est vaste, depuis le décapage chimique jusqu'au décapage au jet, en passant par l'utilisation de scarificateurs. Lorsque la surface est sèche, propre et plane, on peut alors appliquer le revêtement ou le produit.
D3.1. Parametric library of Nature Based Solutions (NBS)
Creators: name: Andrés Valeri, Valerio
name: García Argüelles, Sara
name: Manchado, Cristina
name: Rodríguez Hernández, Jorge
name: Indacoechea Vega, Irune
name: Castro Fresno, Daniel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This deliverable 3.1 (D3.1) is the first one of the Work Package 3 (WP3) in the D4RUNOFF project. WP3 is divided in four tasks of six months each, with a total of three deliverables. In this one, the work done during the first year of the project is summarised in a public document open to comments and suggestions: the urban drainage library and the parametric design of the Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) included in this library. The next two deliverables (D3.2 and D3.3) will complete the WP3 adding the Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) and the Geographical Information Systems (GIS) with the final aim of selecting the best place for the NBS needed to improve the existing urban drainage conditions.The principal objective of the D3.1 is to propose a library of urban drainage solutions and a simplified parametric design methodology of the NBS. Firstly, the D4RUNOFF researchers have reviewed the main references, highlighting the NBS classification made by the European project Green-Up, to propose a simplified list of techniques that includes a total of 13 NBS in the context of the urban drainage. Each one of the techniques included in the library counts with a complete file that includes information related with different aspects and criteria to be considered during the decision-making process. Afterwards, the design methodology of each one of the NBS was studied, identifying the main parameters like occupation area or water depth. With this knowledge, an Excel spreadsheet has been prepared to help with the initial design. This tool is openly available as annex and a specific chapter describes how to use it. Moreover, from the parametric calculations, a methodology to develop NBS drainage elements for Building Information Modelling (BIM) is proposed, giving the needed instructions to work with the NBS design Excel spreadsheet. This methodology has been complemented by a detailed state of the art regarding the existing scientific publications dealing with the depuration capacity of some Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CECs) by the NBS.As main final remarks, it is important to highlight the maturity of the main typologies of NBS, mainly related with infiltration (e.g., bioretention areas), and the probed depuration capacity of the NBS and their positive impact the drainage systems and the whole cities, with multiple advantages related with sustainability and resilience. With all, there is a deficit of knowledge in how some techniques deal with CECs, which confirms the need of new screening methods and sensors to make it possible to improve the monitorization of NBS soon.
Characteristics and composition of the vitamin K-dependent γ-glutamyl carboxylase-binding domain on osteocalcin
Creators: name: HOUBEN, Roger J.T.J.
name: VERMEER, Cees
name: AZERAD, Robert
name: SOUTE, Berry A.M.
name: STANLEY, Thomas B.
name: KÄKÖNEN, Sanna-Maria
name: ACHER, Francine
name: RIJKERS, Dirk T.S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: Two different sites on vitamin K-dependent gamma-glutamyl carboxylase (VKC) are involved in enzyme-substrate interaction: the propeptide-binding site required for high-affinity substrate binding and the active site for glutamate carboxylation. Synthetic descarboxy osteocalcin (d-OC) is a low-K(m) substrate for the VKC, but unique since it possesses a high-affinity recognition site for the VKC, distinct from the propeptide which is essential as a binding site for VKC. However, the exact location and composition of this VKC-recognition domain on d-OC has remained unclear until now. Using a stereospecific substrate analogue [t-butyloxycarbonyl-(2S,4S)-4-methylglutamic acid-Glu-Val (S-MeTPT)] we demonstrate in this paper that the high affinity of d-OC for VKC cannot be explained by a direct interaction with either the active site or with the propeptide-binding site on VKC. It is shown using various synthetic peptides derived from d-OC that there are two domains on d-OC necessary for recognition: one located between residues 1 and 12 and a second between residues 26 and 39, i.e. at the C-terminal side of the gamma-carboxyglutamate (Gla) domain. Both internal sequences contribute substantially to the efficiency of carboxylation. On the basis of these data we postulate the presence of a second high-affinity substrate-binding site on VKC capable of specifically binding d-OC, which is the first vitamin K-dependent substrate of which the VKC binding domain is interrupted by the Gla domain.
title: Water-shedding details improve masonry performance
Creators: name: Maurenbrecher, A. H. P.
Publisher: name: National Research Council of Canada. Institute for Research in Construction
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Masonry walls
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0781
subject: Murs de maçonnerie
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0781

description: Enjoying the low maintenance of masonry along with its long-term durability requires that particular attention be paid to those building details that help prevent or divert concentrated flows of water from exterior masonry walls. The careful installation of flashing, overhanging copings or caps, drips, eavestroughs and downspouts, among several other details, can prevent staining, efflorescence, and biological growth on the masonry. Mere unsightliness, one could say. But drenched masonry, given a few freeze-thaw cycles, soon begins to spall, and worse, leads to corrosion of ties. Adieu, long-term durability!
description: Pour profiter de la durabilité et du peu d'entretien que nécessite la maçonnerie, il faut soigner particulièrement les éléments de construction qui empêchent le ruissellement d'eau sur les façades ou le détournent. Solins, couronnements (ou chaperons), larmiers, gouttières et tuyaux de descente sont autant d'éléments qui, parmi d'autres, peuvent empêcher les salissures, les efflorescences et le développement de micro-organismes sur la maçonnerie. Simple préjudice esthétique, pourrait-on dire. Sauf qu'une maçonnerie détrempée qui subit plusieurs cycles gel-dégel commence vite à s'effriter; pire encore, les constituants métalliques des murs peuvent se corroder. Adieu la durabilité!
description: An abridged version was published in Construction Business, Jan./Feb. 2004, pp. 30-32, 34.
title: Trautes Heim
Creators: name: Anonym
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: Zeitung
Generalities, Science
Allgemeines, Wissenschaft

description: Elektronische Reproduktion von: Trautes Heim. - Berlin : Schwerin, 1893 - 1895 Standort: Universität Marburg, Universitätsbibliothek. - Signatur: 065 2 VIII A 1813, Beil. - Bemerkungen: Frühere Signaturen: VIII A 1813, Beil. Vorg.: Im trauten Heim. Beil. zu: Marburger Wochenblatt. Supplement zu: Landkreis Ziegenhain, Schwalmstadt. Ziegenhainer Zeitung. - (Hassiaca) Digitalisiert 2022
description: Jahrgang 1893 6 - Nr. 1 – 5 (Januar) 6 1 - Nr. 6 – 9 (Februar) 46 40 - Nr. 10 – 13 (März) 78 - Nr. 14 – 18 (April) 110 - Nr. 19 – 22 (Mai) 150 - Nr. 23 – 26 (Juni) 182 - Nr. 27 – 31 (Juli) 214 - Nr. 32 – 35 (August) 254 - Nr. 36 – 39 (September) 286 - Nr. 40 – 44 (Oktober) 318 - Nr. 45 – 48 (November) 358 - Nr. 49 – 53 (Dezember) 390 Jahrgang 1894 430 - Nr. 1 – 4 (Januar) 430 1 - Nr. 5 – 8 (Februar) 462 - Nr. 9 – 12 (März) 494 - Nr. 13 – 17 (April) 526 - Nr. 18 – 21 (Mai) 566 - Nr. 22 – 25 (Juni) 598 - Nr. 26 – 30 (Juli) 630 - Nr. 31 – 34 (August) 670 - Nr. 35 – 39 (September) 702 - Nr. 40 – 43 (Oktober) 742 - Nr. 44 – 47 (November) 772 - Nr. 48 – 52 (Dezember) 804 Jahrgang 1895 844 - Nr. 1 – 4 (Januar) 844 1 - Nr. 5 – 8 (Februar) 884 - Nr. 9 – 13 (März) 916 - Nr. 14 – 17 (April) 956 - Nr. 18 – 21 (Mai) 988 - Nr. 22 – 26 (Juni) 1022 - Nr. 27 – 30 (Juli) 1062 - Nr. 31 – 34 (August) 1094 - Nr. 35 – 39 (September) 1126 - Nr. 40 – 43 (Oktober) 1166 - Nr. 44 – 47 (November) 1198 - Nr. 48 – 51 (Dezember) 1230
Burden of lymphedema in long-term breast cancer survivors by race and age
Creators: name: Kebede, M.A.
name: Hayes, S.C.
name: Ogunleye, A.A.
name: Carey, L.A.
name: Troester, M.A.
name: Emerson, M.A.
name: Ren, Y.
name: Evenson, K.R.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2022

description: Background: Risk assessment for breast cancer–related lymphedema has emphasized upper-limb symptoms and treatment-related risk factors. This article examined breast cancer–related lymphedema after surgery, overall and in association with broader demographic and clinical features. Methods: The Carolina Breast Cancer Study phase 3 followed participants for breast cancer–related lymphedema from baseline (on average, 5 months after breast cancer diagnosis) to 7 years after diagnosis. Among 2645 participants, 552 self-reported lymphedema cases were identified. Time-to-lymphedema curves and inverse probability weighted conditional Cox proportional hazards model were used to evaluate whether demographics and clinical features were associated with breast cancer–related lymphedema. Results: Point prevalence of breast cancer–related lymphedema was 6.8% at baseline, and 19.9% and 23.8% at 2 and 7 years after diagnosis, respectively. Most cases had lymphedema in the arm (88%-93%), whereas 14% to 27% presented in the trunk and/or breast. Beginning approximately 10 months after diagnosis, younger Black women had the highest risk of breast cancer–related lymphedema and older non-Black women had the lowest risk. Positive lymph node status, larger tumor size (>5 cm), and estrogen receptor–negative breast cancer, as well as established risk factors such as higher body mass index, removal of more than five lymph nodes, mastectomy, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy, were significantly associated with increased hazard (1.5- to 3.5-fold) of lymphedema. Conclusions: Findings highlight that hazard of breast cancer–related lymphedema differs by demographic characteristics and clinical features. These factors could be used to identify those at greatest need of lymphedema prevention and early intervention. Lay summary: In this study, the aim was to investigate breast cancer–related lymphedema (BCRL) burden. This study found that risk of BCRL differs by race, age, and other characteristics.
Characterization of an activated mutant of focal adhesion kinase: ‘SuperFAK’
Creators: name: KEELY, Patricia J.
name: GABARRA-NIECKO, Veronica
name: SCHALLER, Michael D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase that plays an important role in normal cellular processes such as adhesion, spreading, migration, proliferation and survival. In addition, FAK is overexpressed in a variety of cancer cells and tumours and may play a role in the development of human cancer. As a prelude to modelling the role of aberrant FAK signalling in the initiation of cancer, the goal of the present study was to engineer point mutations in FAK that would enhance enzymic activity. A number of substitutions that were reported as activating mutations in other tyrosine kinases were introduced into FAK. Glutamic acid substitutions for two lysine residues in the activation loop of FAK, based upon the K650E (Lys(650-->)Glu) mutant of fibroblast-growth-factor receptor 3, were made to create 'SuperFAK'. Two brain-specific exons were engineered into avian FAK to create FAK6.7. SuperFAK and, to a lesser extent, FAK6.7, exhibited increased catalytic activity in vitro compared with wild-type FAK. The expression of SuperFAK and FAK6.7 in fibroblasts led to hyperphosphorylation of FAK substrates. Although the catalytic activity of SuperFAK and FAK6.7 was largely independent of cell adhesion, tyrosine phosphorylation of downstream substrates was adhesion-dependent. Further, since SuperFAK exhibited the same ability as wild-type FAK to recruit Src family kinases, tyrosine phosphorylation of substrates was likely due to direct phosphorylation by FAK. In addition to enhanced biochemical signalling, SuperFAK also increased the motility of epithelial cells. SuperFAK and FAK6.7 may be valuable molecular tools to investigate the potential role of aberrant FAK signalling in human disease.
H2020 773782- COASTAL MAL03 Flipbook - Norrström, Östersjön: Arbetsflöde, frågor och vägen framåt
Creators: name: Scaini, Anna
name: Vigouroux, Guillaume
name: Destouni, Georgia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Narrative
Participatory
Road map
Multi-actor Analysis
Stakeholder
Policy
Climate adaptation
Land-sea interaction
Eutrophication
Nitrogen
Phosphorous
Sustainability
Land-sea synergy
Water quality
Water availability
Baltic
Norrström
MAL3

description: Här sammanfattas arbetsprocessen för COASTAL-projektet genom olika tankeflöden, identifiering av frågor och framtida behov för en hållbar utveckling av den baltiska kustregionen, med speciellt fokus på Norrströms avrinningsområde och omgivande kustområden. Den här blädderboken presenterar en syntes av ett nytt tillvägagångssätt utvecklat för att involvera alla samskapande processer i alla faser av projektet, kvantifiering av viktiga systeminteraktioner genom systemdynamikmodellering och bedömning av kapaciteten för förvaltningens färdplan i olika framtidsscenarier. De rekommendationer som presenteras här reflekterar över de tidsramar för hållbarhet som krävs för att nå målen för minskning av näringsbelastningen i handlingsplanen för Östersjön och exempel ges på samverkande strategier för att nå dessa mål.