cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On Cancellations of Ultraviolet Divergences in Supergravity Amplitudes
Creators: name: Bjerrum-Bohr, N. E. J.
name: Vanhove, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Concrete calculations have pointed out that amplitudes in perturbative gravity exhibit unanticipated cancellations taming their ultraviolet behaviour independently of supersymmetry. Similar ultraviolet behaviour of N=4 super-Yang-Mills and N=8 maximal supergravity has explicitly been observed until three loops. These cancellations can be connected to two manifest features of gravitational theories: firstly gauge invariance from diffeomorphism symmetries and secondly that amplitudes are colourless and exhibits crossing symmetry. We will give a simple physical explanation of the cancellations exhibited in gravity amplitudes. We will discuss these two properties in turn as well as the role of supersymmetry and string theory dualities in the structure of multiloop amplitudes in supergravity.
description: Latex. 12 pages, 1 figure. Contribution to the proceedings of the 3rd meeting of the RTN `` Constituents, Fundamental Forces and Symmetries of the Universe'' in Valencia (Spain) and Quarks 2008 at Sergiev Posad (Russia). v2: minor corrections
Additional file 3 of Colistin resistance in Gram-negative bacteria analysed by five phenotypic assays and inference of the underlying genomic mechanisms
Creators: name: Torres, Diana Albertos
name: Seth-Smith, Helena M. B.
name: Joosse, Nicole
name: Lang, Claudia
name: Dubuis, Olivier
name: Nüesch-Inderbinen, Magdalena
name: Hinic, Vladimira
name: Egli, Adrian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3. Klebsiella pneumoniae protein sequence alignments.pdf showing the protein sequences alignments of all colistin resistance-related proteins analyzed in this study.
Additional file 4 of Colistin resistance in Gram-negative bacteria analysed by five phenotypic assays and inference of the underlying genomic mechanisms
Creators: name: Torres, Diana Albertos
name: Seth-Smith, Helena M. B.
name: Joosse, Nicole
name: Lang, Claudia
name: Dubuis, Olivier
name: Nüesch-Inderbinen, Magdalena
name: Hinic, Vladimira
name: Egli, Adrian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4. Escherichia coli protein sequence alignments.pdf showing the protein sequences alignments of all colistin resistance-related proteins analyzed in this study.
Designing with people with visual impairments: an exploration of the value of extraordinary users in design
Creators: name: Andrews, Claire
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Visual communication design (incl. graphic design)

description: Resonance is the correlation of needs between extra-ordinary users and ordinary users in extra-ordinary situations. Instances of resonance are common and plentiful, for example: attempting to talk to a friend whilst at a loud concert sees similar problems to those that people with hearing impairments overcome everyday, or, using a device whilst wearing thick gloves shows resonance with people with limited dexterity. During a literature review a resonance was identified between people with visual impairments, and people without impairment whilst walking; in that, people with visual impairments cannot visually engage with mobile devices, and, pedestrians without impairment should not visually engage with devices as it causes dangerous and anti-social pedestrian behaviours. This thesis investigates the theory of resonance and the use of extra-ordinary users as design informants utilising the design of a tactile navigation aid as vehicle for investigation and to provide a response to the research question of: 'How might the employment of theories of resonance and extraordinary users in the collaborative design process result in better design outputs?' The research uses a two phase approach; the first phase is a practise-led approach using a participatory design process in which the integration of people with visual impairments into a product design process is documented and a reflective analysis takes place on the techniques utilised, their outcomes and their effectiveness. The second phase moves on to assess the output of this participatory design process against more traditional commercially available aids in a comparative study designed to evaluate the perceived benefits and disadvantages for the resonant scenario of pedestrians without visual impairments. The results show a selection benefits brought about by the recognition of resonance and the inclusion of extra-ordinary users in the design which confirms that working with extra-ordinary users, in this case people with visual impairments, can produce benefits for all users. It also contributes to knowledge by making a series of recommendations for future researchers who plan to design collaboratively with people with visual impairments and finally, by demonstrating the benefits of tactile interaction for mundane navigation commands.
The Eddington ratio-dependent changing look events in NGC 2992
Creators: name: Guolo, Muryel
name: Ruschel-Dutra, Daniel
name: Grupe, Dirk
name: Peterson, Bradley M.
name: Storchi-Bergmann, Thaisa
name: Schimoia, Jaderson
name: Nemmen, Rodrigo
name: Robinson, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of historical multi-wavelength emission of the Changing Look (CL) Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN) in NGC 2992, covering epochs ranging from 1978 to 2021, as well as new X-ray and optical spectra. The galaxy presents multiple Seyfert type transitions from type 2 to intermediate-type, losing and regaining its H$α$ BEL recurrently. In X-rays, the source shows intrinsic variability with the absorption corrected luminosity varying by a factor of $\sim$ 40. We rule out tidal disruption events or variable obscuration as causes of the type transitions and show that the presence and the flux of the broad H$α$ emission line are directly correlated with the 2-10 keV X-ray luminosity (L$_{2-10}$): the component disappears at L$_{2-10} \leq 2.6\times10^{42}$\ergcms, this value translates into an Eddington ratio ($λ_{\rm Edd}$) of $\sim$ 1\%. The $λ_{\rm Edd}$ in which the BEL transitions occur is the same as the critical value at which there should be a state transition between a radiatively inefficient accretion flow (RIAF) and a thin accretion disk, such similarity suggests that the AGN is operating at the threshold mass accretion rate between the two accretion modes. We find a correlation between the narrow Fe K$α$ flux and $λ_{\rm Edd}$, and an anti-correlation between full-width at half maximum of H$α$ BEL and $λ_{\rm Edd}$, in agreement with theoretical predictions. Two possible scenarios for type transitions are compatible with our results: either the dimming of the AGN continuum, which reduces the supply of ionising photons available to excite the gas in the Broad Line Region (BLR), or the fading of the BLR structure itself occurs as the low accretion rate is not able to sustain the required cloud flow rate in a disk-wind BLR model.
description: Accepted for publication at MNRAS
A conjugate for the Bargmann representation
Creators: name: Ribeiro, A. D.
name: Parisio, F.
name: de Aguiar, M. A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the Bargmann representation of quantum mechanics, physical states are mapped into entire functions of a complex variable z*, whereas the creation and annihilation operators $\hat{a}^\dagger$ and $\hat{a}$ play the role of multiplication and differentiation with respect to z*, respectively. In this paper we propose an alternative representation of quantum states, conjugate to the Bargmann representation, where the roles of $\hat{a}^\dagger$ and $\hat{a}$ are reversed, much like the roles of the position and momentum operators in their respective representations. We derive expressions for the inner product that maintain the usual notion of distance between states in the Hilbert space. Applications to simple systems and to the calculation of semiclassical propagators are presented.
description: 15 pages
MOBILE APPS FOR LEARNING ENGLISH AS A MEANS OF ORGANIZING INDEPENDENT WORK OF STUDENTS
Creators: name: U. Yokubov
Publisher: name: Academic research in educational sciences
Year: 2021
Subjects: information and communication technologies; mobile learning; training mobile applications; independent work of students.

description: The article is devoted to the problematic aspects of utilizing information and communication technologies in the process of teaching a foreign language. The authors strive to shed some light on the concept of mobile learning and considers its advantages in teaching foreign languages. The article provides a brief overview of mobile applications for teaching English and the experience of using them in the independent work of students.
FEATURES OF THE USE OF ANTHROPONYMS IN THE ARTISTIC DISCOURSE
Creators: name: Munisa Mirusmanovna Mirgiyazova
Publisher: name: Academic research in educational sciences
Year: 2021
Subjects: anthroponyms
patronymic
sociocultural interaction
lexical unit
character
artistic discourse
discursive analysis

description: This article is devoted to anthroponyms and their discursive analysis. It is well known that the name of each person or the name of each place has some meaning or is named for some purpose. Hence, place names, names of people and the reasons for their placement, history are given with examples. In this article, examples are explained not only by English names, place names, but also by names in other languages, place names and the reasons for their naming, history.
Hydrogenation catalyst and anti-microbial material synthesized from Vietnamese rice husk
Creators: name: Unglaube, Felix
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemistry & allied sciences
subject: 660 Chemical engineering

description: Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Nutzung von Reisspelzen für die Synthese von katalytisch- und anti-mikrobiell aktivem Material. Die Reisspelzen wurden mit Metallsalzen bzw. metallorganischen Komplexverbindungen imprägniert und anschließend durch Pyrolyseprozesse chemisch umgewandelt. Die hergestellten Materialien setzen sich aus einem Kohlenstoff/Silica-Komposit-Trägermaterial, dotiert mit Metall-Nanopartikeln, zusammen.
FORMATION OF READING SKILLS IN YOUNG LEARNERS
Creators: name: Maftuna Ilkhom Kizi Azimova
name: Surmanov, Sardor Egamovich
Publisher: name: Academic research in educational sciences
Year: 2021
Subjects: reading
civilization
skill
education
analysis

description: Reading is not an easy job in which the process of transcoding written speech into spoken speech and understanding the meaning of the read text are highlighted. These two types of reading are closely related and together make up "full reading". In the methodology, when forming the reading skill, it is customary to pay attention to such four components as: correctness, fluency, expressiveness and consciousness. First of all, it is necessary to distinguish semantic reading from technical reading, which is considered in works at the lessons of literary reading.
Noncommutative geometry as a functor
Creators: name: Nikolaev, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18D, 46L

description: In this note the noncommutative geometry is interpreted as a functor, whose range is a family of the operator algebras. Some examples are given and a program is sketched.
description: 8 pages, final version; to appear Amer. Math. Soc. Contemp. Math; http://www.ams.org/bookstore?fn=20&arg1=conmseries&ikey=CONM-503
METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES OF TEACHING RUSSIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE
Creators: name: Kalinina, Olga Nikolayevna
Publisher: name: Academic research in educational sciences
Year: 2021
Subjects: teaching Russian as a second language
educational and methodological approaches
communication
linguistic pragmatics
language games.

description: Teaching the Russian language teaching to the Uzbek students is used as an example to substantiate the need for foreign students to master the linguopragmatic side of the Russian speech, customs and culture of modern Russia. Exercises aimed at the development of language flair, creative attitude to the language being studied, and the replenishment of the lexicon are given.
Production and assessment of ovine polyclonal antibodies to treat Clostridium difficile Infections
Creators: name: Phillips, Christopher
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Microbiology not elsewhere classified

description: The clinical manifestations of Clostridium difficile infections (CDI) are due to the release of two powerful exotoxins, TcdA and TcdB. The aim of this study was to raise polyclonal antibodies (PcAb) in sheep that bind to and neutralise these toxins with a view to developing potent therapeutic agents for use in humans. Dose response studies were performed with recombinant fragments of each of the toxins, TxA4 and TxB4, in separate flocks of sheep. The PcAb produced showed high binding titres in an immunoassay and protected Vero cells against the two natural toxins in-vitro. TcdB was considerably more cytotoxic than TcdA with LC50 of 16 pg/mL and 1000 pg/mL respectively. The TxA4 immunogen stimulated a greater toxin neutralising immune response than TxB4. Thus, 1 mL of anti-TxA4 sera neutralised 1,800 Î¼g of natural TcdA, whereas 1 mL of anti-TxB4 neutralised only 15 Î¼g of TcdB. There was no correlation between binding titre and neutralising potency, suggesting that toxin inactivation was dependant on PcAb binding to specific regions on the natural toxins. Affinity purified PcAb, directed against distinct regions of TcdB, were fractionated and those directed to the central region possessed neutralising potencies of up to 250% greater than those directed elsewhere. These investigations identified the quantity and potency of specific PcAb directed to each of three distinct TcdB regions. A novel cell based assay, simulating the colonic epithelial barrier, was developed to investigate the translocation of TcdA and TcdB from simulated colonic lumen to the systemic circulation and to determine the effects of various toxin neutralising strategies. TcdA was shown to cause colonic epithelial damage allowing TcdB to translocate to the systemic circulation. Addition of neutralising PcAb either directly to simulated colonic lumen or systemic circulation provided protection to the intestinal epithelial layer and reduced or prevented toxin translocation.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ ОБУЧЕНИЯ СТУДЕНТОВ ВАРИАНТНОСТИ СИНТАКСИЧЕСКИХ ЕДИНИЦ
Creators: name: Рашид Бекимбетович Матенов
Publisher: name: Academic research in educational sciences
Year: 2021
Subjects: вариантность
мотив
мотивация
синтаксическая единица
юрист

description: Возможность варьирования разнообразных синтаксических единиц позволяет значительно обогатить речь студентов, учитывая стилистические особенности научного и официальноделового стилей речи, которые преимущественно представлены текстами юридической направленности.
Decay-time-dependent studies of strange beauty mesons
Creators: name: Führing, Marc Quentin
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Teilchenphysik
subject: LHCb-Experiment
subject: CERN
subject: Flavourphysik
subject: HEP
subject: CP-Verletzung
subject: 530
subject: Elementarteilchenphysik
subject: LHCb
subject: CHORUS-Detektor
subject: Flavour
subject: Hochenergiephysik
subject: CP-Parität

description: In this thesis, two decay-time-dependent analyses of Bs0-meson decays are presented. Precise measurements are performed using proton-proton collision data recorded by the LHCb experiment between 2015 and 2018. Based on the reconstruction and selection of 378 700 +/- 700 Bs0 to Ds- pi+ decays, the most precise measurement of the Bs0-Bsbar0 oscillation frequency DeltaMs = (17.7683 +/- 0.0051 +/- 0.0032) ps−1 in the world to date is achieved. This measurement alone is an essential test of the Standard Model of particle physics. In addition, it is a crucial ingredient to increase the precision of decay-time-dependent measurements of other Bs0-decay modes. The presented analysis of Bs0 to Ds K decays benefits from this updated measurement of DeltaMs and from further improvements of algorithms and methods. The CKM angle gamma = (74 +/- 11)°, an important Standard Model parameter, is measured based on 20 950 +/- 180 selected decays. Compared to the analysis using data from 2011 and 2012, the precision is improved beyond what would be expected from the increase in data sample sizes.
description: In dieser Dissertation werden zwei zerfallszeitabhängige Messungen von Bs0-Meson Zerfällen vorgestellt. Beide Messungen basieren auf der Analyse eines Datensatzes von Proton-Proton Kollisionen aufgezeichnet zwischen 2015 und 2018 am LHCb-Experiment. Die Rekonstruktion und Selektion von 378 700 +/- 700 Bs0 zu Ds- pi+ Zerfällen ermöglicht die zur Zeit weltweit präziseste Messung der Bs0-Bsbar0 Oszillationsfrequenz DeltaMs = (17.7683 +/- 0.0051 +/- 0.0032) ps−1 . Die Messung von DeltaMs selbst ist ein wichtiger Test des Standardmodells der Teilchenphysik. Darüber hinaus liefert sie einen wesentlichen Beitrag um die Präzision weiterer zerfallszeitabhängiger Messungen von Bs0-Meson Zerfällen zu steigern. Die vorgestellte Analyse von Bs0 zu Ds K Zerfällen profitiert von der präziseren Kenntnis von DeltaMs, sowie von verbesserten Verfahren und Algorithmen. Der CKM Winkel gamma =(74 +/- 11)°, ein wichtiger Standardmodell Parameter, wird anhand von 20 950 +/- 180 selektierten Zerfällen bestimmt. Im Vergleich zu der vorherigen Analyse der in 2011 und 2012 aufgezeichneten Daten fällt die Verbesserung damit höher aus, als die erhöhte Statistik alleine erwarten lässt.
Additional file 5 of Colistin resistance in Gram-negative bacteria analysed by five phenotypic assays and inference of the underlying genomic mechanisms
Creators: name: Torres, Diana Albertos
name: Seth-Smith, Helena M. B.
name: Joosse, Nicole
name: Lang, Claudia
name: Dubuis, Olivier
name: Nüesch-Inderbinen, Magdalena
name: Hinic, Vladimira
name: Egli, Adrian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5. Acinetobacter bereziniae protein sequence alignments.pdf showing the protein sequences alignments of all colistin resistance-related proteins analyzed in this study.
The Removal of Artificially Generated Polarization in SHARP Maps
Creators: name: Attard, Michael
name: Houde, Martin
name: Novak, Giles
name: Vaillancourt, John E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We characterize the problem of artificial polarization for the Submillimeter High Angular Resolution Polarimeter (SHARP) through the use of simulated data and observations made at the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory (CSO). These erroneous, artificial polarization signals are introduced into the data through misalignments in the bolometer sub-arrays plus pointing drifts present during the data-taking procedure. An algorithm is outlined here to address this problem and correct for it, provided that one can measure the degree of the sub-array misalignments and telescope pointing drifts. Tests involving simulated sources of Gaussian intensity profile indicate that the level of introduced artificial polarization is highly dependent upon the angular size of the source. Despite this, the correction algorithm is effective at removing up to 60% of the artificial polarization during these tests. The analysis of Jupiter data taken in January 2006 and February 2007 indicates a mean polarization of 1.44%+/-0.04% and 0.95%+/-0.09%, respectively. The application of the correction algorithm yields mean reductions in the polarization of approximately 0.15% and 0.03% for the 2006 and 2007 data sets, respectively.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures
Performance of microfinance institutions
Creators: name: El-Maksoud, Sarah Abd
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Finance

description: Microfinance is regarded as a financial development tool used in fighting poverty by providing the poor with financial services such as microloans, savings, insurance and money transfers thereby gradually lifting them out of poverty. Improving the performance of Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) makes them more capable of better serving more poor people, contributing to the development and enhancement of their economies and improving the welfare of the poor. It is therefore of great importance to study the performance of MFIs from different aspects in order to understand how they operate, what causes their success/failure, and try to find ways to enhance MFI performance to get the most possible benefit out of them. This thesis consists of three interconnected studies, each of which addresses the performance of MFIs from a different aspect. The first study examines the effect of the external environment on MFI performance worldwide in order to identify the context that is best suitable for MFI success, with a special emphasis on the MENA region. The second study investigates the causal relationship between microfinance and formal banking sector development in order to help improve the performance of MFIs with the possible help of the banking sector. The third study tests whether a trade-off exists between the two most pursued goals by MFIs: profitability and outreach in order to help MFIs find a way to achieve both goals simultaneously. A balanced panel dataset of 124 MFIs from 45 countries worldwide for the period 2004-2011 is used in conducting the three studies by applying multiple linear regression models and PVAR model using GMM. Results reveal that the external environment surrounding an MFI significantly influences MFI performance which helps in explaining the uneven performance of MFIs worldwide. It is also concluded that MFIs in the MENA region are the most profitable on average compared to MFIs in other regions which is mainly driven by GDP per capita, whereas South Asian MFIs tend to outperform MFIs in the MENA region when it comes to outreach. Additionally, it is concluded that MFI sustainability and banking sector development do not Granger cause each other, but MFI outreach tends to Granger cause formal banking sector development. Finally, no evidence of trade-off between MFI profitability and outreach is found except when the effect of profitability on outreach is disaggregated by MFI type.
Defining co-production: a review of the planning literature
Creators: name: Lee, Dahae
name: Feiertag, Patricia
name: Unger, Lena
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Co-production
subject: Planning literature
subject: Bibliometric analysis
subject: Co-citation analysis
subject: Content analysis
subject: 710

description: Co-production is a concept that is becoming increasingly popular across various fields including planning. This article reviews planning literature on co-production and reveals that the term has not been well defined. The existing definitions are inconsistent and ambiguous, requiring more conceptual clarity to avoid contention. Based on the systematic literature review, and aided by bibliometric analysis, the article identifies seven dimensions within the current definitions of co-production: (1) actor, (2) reason, (3) input, (4) output, (5) phase, (6) means, and (7) context. This article concludes by proposing a conceptual and analytical framework for defining co-production in planning theory and practice.
description: Journal of planning literature;
Explicit solution of the linearized Einstein equations in TT gauge for all multipoles
Creators: name: Rinne, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We write out the explicit form of the metric for a linearized gravitational wave in the transverse-traceless gauge for any multipole, thus generalizing the well-known quadrupole solution of Teukolsky. The solution is derived using the generalized Regge-Wheeler-Zerilli formalism developed by Sarbach and Tiglio.
description: 9 pages. Minor corrections, updated references. Final version to appear in Class. Quantum Grav
Pristimera sp. nov. Coughenour & Simmons & Lombardi & Yakobson & Archer 2011
Creators: name: Coughenour, Jennifer M.
name: Simmons, Mark P.
name: Lombardi, Julio A.
name: Yakobson, Kendra
name: Archer, Robert H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Celastrales
Celastraceae
Pristimera
Pristimera sp. nov.

description:  Pristimera sp. nov. — R.H. Archer et al. 2948, Madagascar (CS); 26S rDNA HM230094, ITS rDNA HM230142, matK HM230187, trnL intron HM230233, trnL-F spacer HM230277;
description: Published as part of Coughenour, Jennifer M., Simmons, Mark P., Lombardi, Julio A., Yakobson, Kendra & Archer, Robert H., 2011, Phylogeny of Celastraceae subfamily Hippocrateoideae inferred from morphological characters and nuclear and plastid loci, pp. 320-330 in Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 59 (2) on page 327, DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2011.02.017, http://zenodo.org/record/5155694
Model category extensions of the Pirashvili-Słomińska theorems
Creators: name: Helmstutler, Randall D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55U35, 18A25

description: We describe the class of semi-stable model categories, which generalize the equivalence of finite products and coproducts in abelian and stable model categories, and use this to establish Morita equivalences among categories of functors. We provide a construction of pairs of small categories--known as conjugate pairs--whose associated categories of diagrams are Quillen equivalent in the semi-stable setting. We frame our development in the context of Morita theory, following Slominska's work on similar questions for categories of functors enriched over and taking values in R-modules.
description: 27 pages, submitted to Journal of Homotopy and Related Structures
Developmental speech perception
Creators: name: Werker, Janet
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Previous research has indicated that infants have the ability to categorically discriminate many of the distinctive features of speech sounds regardless of their exposure to a language in which such distinctions are important, whereas adults of one language group may have difficulty discriminating linguistic features that are important in a foreign language. This suggests a decline during development in linguistic perceptual abilities, during which the ability to discriminate non-relevant features may be lost. This study was designed to be the first in a series of tests of such a decline and involved comparing English-speaking adults, Hindi speaking adults, and six-month old infants on their ability to discriminate foreign and native speech contrasts. Two pairs of Hindi sounds, and one pair of English sounds were investigated in this study, Infants were tested in a "visually reinforced infant speech discrimination" (VRISD) paradigm. This is a discrimination paradigm in which the infant is conditioned to turn its head when there is a change in the auditory stimulus. A variate of this paradigm was employed for the adult subjects using a button-press, rather than a head turn, as the critical behavioral response. This study yielded support for the notion that infants have the ability to categorically discriminate distinctive features of speech sounds regardless of exposure to a language in which such distinctions are important. Some support was also given for the idea that there may be a decline in speech perceptual abilities with either age/or linguistic experience, but this finding was only significant with one of the two Hindi sound pairs. Two explanations are offered for these results. It is suggested that the English population may have had someexperience with the non-significant Hindi contrast. Alternatively, it is suggested that differential perceptual distance may have accounted for the differences between the two Hindi sound pairs. Two levels of processing, acoustic and linguistic, are then invoked in this explanation.
Performance appraisal in Higher Education Institutions in the Kurdistan region: The case of the University of Sulaimani
Creators: name: Ahmed, Najih S.
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Educational administration, management and leadership

description: In contemporary society, nation development relies heavily on the presence and availability of human resources/capabilities. Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) are vital to create of this human resource. The Kurdistan Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research (MoHESR) reformed its Higher Education policy in 2009 to enhance service/product quality. The most tangible aspect of these reforms was the evaluation of academic performance. MoHESR claimed it is the duty of academics to invest time/effort to fulfil their contractual obligations. Consequently, a new mechanism of performance appraisal (PA) for evaluating teachers‘ performance was formally launched. Despite its benefits, PA has created many challenges for Kurdistan HEIs due to external and internal factors, including: culture; continual wars; inadequate laws and regulations; political unrest; poor management of HEIs and mismanagement of human resources, which have exposed gaps in effective PA management and dissatisfaction amongst key stakeholders - particularly academics. This exploratory sequential mixed methods study explores the perceptions of senior/middle managers and other stakeholders at different levels of the organisational hierarchy of PA management at the University of Sulaimani (UoS) and examines their experiences of/aspirations for better PA. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to identify the key contextual and institutional factors affecting PA, supported by quantitative data collected through a questionnaire involving 654 teaching staff at UoS. The study reveals PA in Kurdistan HEIs is strongly influenced by contextual factors: cultural dimensions; legal characteristics; political hegemony, which have eroded attention to human values so human resource activities were not fully embraced in Kurdistan HEIs. Consequently, PA is challenged by: low commitment, support and enthusiasm from top management; little engagement between PA and institutional strategy; unclear purpose/standards; little communication; poor training; unfavourable rewards; absence of interviews, equality and promptness in the process. The study presents a final model of PA more suited to the Kurdistan HE context and makes recommendations for government, MoHESR, HEIs, leaders and faculty members.
Robustness of Synthetic Observations in Producing Observed Core Properties: Predictions for the TolTEC Clouds to Cores Legacy Survey
Creators: name: Betti, S. K.
name: Gutermuth, R.
name: Offner, S.
name: Wilson, G.
name: Sokol, A.
name: Pokhrel, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use hydrodynamical simulations of star-forming gas with stellar feedback and sink particles (proxies for young stellar objects, i.e., YSOs) to produce and analyze synthetic 1.1mm continuum observations at different distances (150 - 1000pc) and ages (0.49 - 1.27 Myr). We characterize how the inferred core properties, including mass, size, and clustering with respect to diffuse natal gas structure, change with distance, cloud evolution, and the presence of YSOs. We find that atmospheric filtering and core segmentation treatments have distance-dependent impacts on the resulting core properties for d < 300pc and 500pc, respectively, which dominate over evolutionary differences. Concentrating on synthetic observations at further distances (650-1000pc), we find a growing separation between the inferred sizes and masses of cores with and without YSOs in the simulations, which is not seen in recent observations of the Mon R2 cloud at 860pc. We find that the synthetic cores cluster in smaller groups, and their mass densities are correlated with gas column density over a much narrower range, than the Mon R2 observations. Such differences limit applicability of the evolutionary predictions we report here and motivate future efforts to adapt our synthetic observation and analysis framework to next generation simulations such as STARFORGE. These predictions and systematic characterizations will help guide analysis of cores for the upcoming TolTEC Clouds to Cores Legacy Survey on the Large Millimeter Telescope Alfonso Serrano (LMT).
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Experimental Tests of General Relativity
Creators: name: Turyshev, Slava G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Einstein's general theory of relativity is the standard theory of gravity, especially where the needs of astronomy, astrophysics, cosmology and fundamental physics are concerned. As such, this theory is used for many practical purposes involving spacecraft navigation, geodesy, and time transfer. Here I review the foundations of general relativity, discuss recent progress in the tests of relativistic gravity in the solar system, and present motivations for the new generation of high-accuracy gravitational experiments. I discuss the advances in our understanding of fundamental physics that are anticipated in the near future and evaluate the discovery potential of the recently proposed gravitational experiments.
description: revtex4, 30 pages, 10 figures
Additional file 6 of Colistin resistance in Gram-negative bacteria analysed by five phenotypic assays and inference of the underlying genomic mechanisms
Creators: name: Torres, Diana Albertos
name: Seth-Smith, Helena M. B.
name: Joosse, Nicole
name: Lang, Claudia
name: Dubuis, Olivier
name: Nüesch-Inderbinen, Magdalena
name: Hinic, Vladimira
name: Egli, Adrian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6. Species distribution as determined by MALDI-TOF MS. A total of 97 isolates were investigated, including 93 collected collected from the Basel University Hospital (Basel, Switzerland), Cantonal Hospital Luzerne (Luzerne, Switzerland) and Laboratory Viollier (Allschwil, Switzerland)
ELEMENTARY TRANSFORMATIONS IN SIMULTANEOUS TRANSLATION
Creators: name: Miraziz Mustafakulovich Raufov
Publisher: name: Academic research in educational sciences
Year: 2021
Subjects: transformation
generalization
concretization
modulation
simultaneous translation
oral translation
ways of translation

description: This article is devoted to the transformations that occur in the process of simultaneous translation and their types. Simultaneous translation is the most difficult of the translation types. In the translation process, translating every word into a translator is a huge challenge. Because sixty different processes take place in the translator’s brain at the same time. It will not be possible to remember every word. A simultaneous interpreter conveys the meaning of these words to the audience. In the translation process, it uses the same types of transformation.
A Combined First Principles Study of the Structural, Magnetic, and Phonon Properties of Monolayer CrI$_{3}$
Creators: name: Staros, Daniel
name: Hu, Guoxiang
name: Tiihonen, Juha
name: Nanguneri, Ravindra
name: Krogel, Jaron
name: Bennett, M. Chandler
name: Heinonen, Olle
name: Ganesh, Panchapakesan
name: Rubenstein, Brenda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first magnetic 2D material discovered, monolayer (ML) CrI$_3$, is particularly fascinating due to its ground state ferromagnetism. Yet, because monolayer materials are difficult to probe experimentally, much remains unresolved about ML CrI$_{3}$'s structural, electronic, and magnetic properties. Here, we leverage Density Functional Theory (DFT) and high-accuracy Diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) simulations to predict lattice parameters, magnetic moments, and spin-phonon and spin-lattice coupling of ML CrI$_{3}$. We exploit a recently developed surrogate Hessian DMC line search technique to determine CrI$_{3}$'s monolayer geometry with DMC accuracy, yielding lattice parameters in good agreement with recently-published STM measurements - an accomplishment given the $\sim 10$% variability in previous DFT-derived estimates depending upon the functional. Strikingly, we find previous DFT predictions of ML CrI$_3$'s magnetic spin moments are correct on average across a unit cell, but miss critical local spatial fluctuations in the spin density revealed by more accurate DMC. DMC predicts magnetic moments in ML CrI$_3$ are 3.62 $μ_B$ per chromium and -0.145 $μ_B$ per iodine; both larger than previous DFT predictions. The large disparate moments together with the large spin-orbit coupling of CrI$_3$'s I-$\textit{p}$ orbital suggests a ligand superexchange-dominated magnetic anisotropy in ML CrI$_3$, corroborating recent observations of magnons in its 2D limit. We also find ML CrI$_3$ exhibits a substantial spin-phonon coupling of $\sim$3.32 cm$^{-1}$. Our work thus establishes many of ML CrI$_{3}$'s key properties, while also continuing to demonstrate the pivotal role DMC can assume in the study of magnetic and other 2D materials.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures
Pristimera tenuiflora A. C. Sm.
Creators: name: Coughenour, Jennifer M.
name: Simmons, Mark P.
name: Lombardi, Julio A.
name: Yakobson, Kendra
name: Archer, Robert H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Celastrales
Celastraceae
Pristimera
Pristimera tenuiflora

description: Pristimera tenuiflora (Mart. ex Peyr) A.C.Sm. — C.A. Cid Ferreira et al. 7998, Brazil (F); 26S rDNA HM230097, ITS rDNA HM230146, matK HM230191, trnL intron HM230236, trnL-F spacer HM230281;
description: Published as part of Coughenour, Jennifer M., Simmons, Mark P., Lombardi, Julio A., Yakobson, Kendra & Archer, Robert H., 2011, Phylogeny of Celastraceae subfamily Hippocrateoideae inferred from morphological characters and nuclear and plastid loci, pp. 320-330 in Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 59 (2) on page 327, DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2011.02.017, http://zenodo.org/record/5155694
ТАЪЛИМ ТИЗИМИ СИФАТИНИ ОШИРИШДА ИННОВАЦИОН ФАОЛИЯТ
Creators: name: Малика Мухамаджоновна Парпиева
Publisher: name: Academic research in educational sciences
Year: 2021
Subjects: Инновация
таълим
иқтисодиёт
ахборот-коммуникация
технология.

description: Таълим тизими сифатини оширишда инновацион фаолият ва Ўзбекистон республикаси олий таълим тизимини 2030 йилгача ривожлантириш концепцияси бўйича илм-фан янгиликлари, илмий таклиф ва тавсиялар келтирилган.
D7.3: Final TIME4CS Policy Brief
Creators: name: Spera, Alessio Livio
name: Iasillo, Claudia
name: Salnikova, Asya
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Practical, adaptable, and innovative recommendations for research organisations willing to pursue Institutional Change to integrate Citizen Science and to follow a validated approach. The approach is based on map and analysis of institutional Citizen Science adoptions, the TIME4CS knowledge base framework, and the experience of developing and implementing tailor-made Institutional Roadmaps by TIME4CS partners.
An investigation into the effect of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. seed extract and derivative, Vicenin-2, on inflammatory responses of macrophage and endothelial cells
Creators: name: Hassan, Nurudeen
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other health sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Plant extracts are known to have beneficial effects in chronic inflammatory conditions such as diabetes. This study investigated the effects of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. (Fenugreek) seed extracts on inflammatory responses of macrophages. A cell-bioassay guided extraction identified a methanolic extract of fenugreek seeds (FME) with potent anti-inflammatory effects. This extract significantly reduced secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) in THP-1 macrophages (dTHP-1) stimulated with glycated-BSA. The effect of FME on TNF-α was also reproduced in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and when dTHP-1 cells were stimulated with LPS. The effect of FME on the polarization of dTHP-1 towards the M2 phenotype at the expense of the M1 phenotype was also confirmed through increased expression of IL-10 and Dectin-1. Although FME did not significantly enhance the gene expression of the M2 marker, IL-1Ra alone, FME acted synergistically in the presence of IL-4, increasing the expression of IL-10, Dectin-1 and IL-1Ra. A C-glycosidic flavonoid, Vicenin-2 (V-2), which was found to be present in FME, demonstrated similar actions to FME, by significantly suppressing proinflammatory cytokine release and upregulating M2 marker (IL-10). V-2 also increased Dectin-1 gene expression, synergistically, in the presence of IL-4. The regulatory mechanisms involved in the actions of FME and V-2 were explored using a gene reporter assay. Both FME and V-2 significantly (p<0.05) inhibited the activity of nuclear transcription factor, NF-κB. Also, FME significantly (p<0.05) increased the activity of PPAR-γ. V-2 effects appeared to be mediated through homodimerization of the p50 subunit of NF-κB and suppression of IκB-α phosphorylation. V-2 exerted anti-inflammatory effects in endothelial cells (HUVEC) by reducing TNF-α induced MCP-1 expression. V-2 also enhanced release of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from gBSA treated dTHP-1 cells. Additionally, the EVs derived from dTHP-1 cells down-regulated expression of inflammatory markers in HUVECs; ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 significantly, and MCP-1, non-significantly. In conclusion this study suggests a beneficial effect of FME and V-2 in regulating macrophage inflammatory responses. Further studies are required to clarify their role on EV expression, characterization and endothelial cell function.
Hydrodynamical simulations of the jet in the symbiotic star MWC 560. II. Simulations beyond density balance
Creators: name: Stute, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) In the first paper of this series, we presented hydrodynamical simulations with radiative cooling of jet models with parameters representative of the symbiotic system MWC 560. These were jet simulations of a pulsed, initially underdense jet in a high-density ambient medium. They were stopped when the jet reached a length of 50 AU. There, however, a transition of the initially underdense jet towards an overdense jet should occur, which should result in changed kinematics. Therefore, we describe two hydrodynamical simulations with cooling beyond this density balance, one with the same parameters as model i in Paper I (now called model i'), which was presented there with and without cooling, and the second with higher gas densities in the jet pulses (model iv'). Hydrodynamical simulations, with a further approximated cooling treatment compared to Paper I, were used to be able to enlarge the computational domain. The transition causes changes in the expansion of the cocoon and therefore the morphology of the jet, e.g. a larger radial width of the jet knots. We investigate the radiation properties of the jets, the bremsstrahlung and optical emissivities, integrated emission maps, and synthetic absorption line profiles. The conclusion that the high observed velocities in CH Cygni, R Aquarii, and MWC 560 favor the models with cooling is unchanged by the transition. The observed parallel features in R Aquarii can be produced by the internal knots or by a variable dense radiative shell of shocked ambient medium. The absorption line profiles show that the real parameters in MWC 560 are closer to model iv' than to model i'.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures, published in A & A; submission of this older paper now possible due to increased size limits
Modeling intrinsic time-lags in flaring blazars in the context of Lorentz Invariance Violation searches
Creators: name: Levy, Christelle
name: Sol, Hélène
name: Bolmont, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some Quantum Gravity (QG) theories, aiming at unifying general relativity and quantum mechanics, predict an energy-dependent modified dispersion relation for photons in vacuum leading to a Violation of Lorentz Invariance (LIV). One way to test these theories is to monitor TeV photons time-of-flight emitted by distant, highly energetic and highly variable astrophysical sources such as flaring active galactic nuclei. Only one time-lag detection was reported so far. We have recently shown however that significant intrinsic time-lags should arise from in situ blazar emission processes at TeV energies and should consequently interfere with LIV searches. In this contribution we will review how intrinsic time delays and LIV-induced propagation effects can simultaneously impact blazars' observed spectral energy distributions and lightcurves. Using a time-dependent approach, we provide predictions on both contributions for various cases in the frame of a standard one zone synchrotron-self-Compton (SSC) model. We will also introduce hints and methods on how to disentangle intrinsic time delays from extrinsic ones in order to highlight LIV effects.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, Proceedings of the 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2021)
Additional file 7 of Colistin resistance in Gram-negative bacteria analysed by five phenotypic assays and inference of the underlying genomic mechanisms
Creators: name: Torres, Diana Albertos
name: Seth-Smith, Helena M. B.
name: Joosse, Nicole
name: Lang, Claudia
name: Dubuis, Olivier
name: Nüesch-Inderbinen, Magdalena
name: Hinic, Vladimira
name: Egli, Adrian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 7. Different phenotypic assays used for colistin susceptibility testing: UMIC, Colistin E-Test MIC strip and Rapid Polymyxin NP Test.docx showing example images of the phenotypic assays using in this study.