cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ab initio Study of Cross-Interface Electron-Phonon Couplings in FeSe Thin Films on SrTiO$_3$ and BaTiO$_3$
Creators: name: Wang, Yan
name: Linscheid, Andreas
name: Berlijn, Tom
name: Johnston, Steve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the electron-phonon coupling strength near the interface of monolayer and bilayer FeSe thin films on SrTiO$_3$, BaTiO$_3$, and oxygen-vacant SrTiO$_3$ substrates, using ab initio methods. The calculated total electron-phonon coupling strength $λ=0.2\text{--}0.3$ cannot account for the high $T_c\sim 70$ K observed in these systems through the conventional phonon-mediated pairing mechanism. In all of these systems, however, we find that the coupling constant of a polar oxygen branch peaks at $\mathbf{q}=0$ with negligible coupling elsewhere, while the energy of this mode coincides with the offset energy of the replica bands measured recently by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy experiments. But the integrated coupling strength for this mode from our current calculations is still too small to produce the observed high $T_c$, even through the more efficient pairing mechanism provided by the forward scattering. We arrive at the same qualitative conclusion when considering a checkerboard antiferromagnetic configuration in the Fe layer. In light of the experimental observations of the replica band feature and the relatively high $T_c$ of FeSe monolayers on polar substrates, our results point towards a cooperative role for the electron-phonon interaction, where the cross-interface interaction acts in conjunction with a purely electronic interaction. We also discuss a few scenarios where the coupling strength obtained here may be enhanced.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Sagittarius A* as an Origin of the Galactic PeV Cosmic Rays?
Creators: name: Fujita, Yutaka
name: Murase, Kohta
name: Kimura, Shigeo S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supernova remnants (SNRs) have commonly been considered as a source of the observed PeV cosmic rays (CRs) or a Galactic PeV particle accelerator ("Pevatron"). In this work, we study Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*), which is the low-luminosity active galactic nucleus of the Milky Way Galaxy, as another possible canditate of the Pevatron, because it sometimes became very active in the past. We assume that a large number of PeV CRs were injected by Sgr A* at the outburst about 10^7 yr ago when the Fermi bubbles were created. We constrain the diffusion coefficient for the CRs in the Galactic halo on the condition that the CRs have arrived on the Earth by now, while a fairly large fraction of them have escaped from the halo. Based on a diffusion-halo model, we solve a diffusion equation for the CRs and compare the results with the CR spectrum on the Earth. The observed small anisotropy of the arrival directions of CRs may be explained if the diffusion coefficient in the Galactic disk is smaller than that in the halo. Our model predicts that a boron-to-carbon ratio should be energy-independent around the knee, where the CRs from Sgr A* become dominant. It is unlikely that the spectrum of the CRs accelerated at the outburst is represented by a power-law similar to the one for those responsible for the gamma-ray emission from the central molecular zone (CMZ) around the Galactic center.
description: Accepted for publication in JCAP
Hamilton-Jacobi formalism for inflation with non-minimal derivative coupling
Creators: name: Sheikhahmadi, Haidar
name: Saridakis, Emmanuel N.
name: Aghamohammadi, Ali
name: Saaidi, Khaled
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In inflation with nonminimal derivative coupling there is not a conformal transformation to the Einstein frame where calculations are straightforward, and thus in order to extract inflationary observables one needs to perform a detailed and lengthy perturbation investigation. In this work we bypass this problem by performing a Hamilton-Jacobi analysis, namely rewriting the cosmological equations considering the scalar field to be the time variable. We apply the method to two specific models, namely the power-law and the exponential cases, and for each model we calculate various observables such as the tensor-to-scalar ratio, and the spectral index and its running. We compare them with 2013 and 2015 Planck data, and we show that they are in a very good agreement with observations.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures, version published in JCAP
Cartan Connections on Lie Groupoids and their Integrability
Creators: name: Blaom, Anthony D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C05, 58H05

description: A multiplicatively closed, horizontal $n$-plane field $D$ on a Lie groupoid $G$ over $M$ generalizes to intransitive geometry the classical notion of a Cartan connection. The infinitesimalization of the connection $D$ is a Cartan connection $\nabla $ on the Lie algebroid of $G$, a notion already studied elsewhere by the author. It is shown that $\nabla $ may be regarded as infinitesimal parallel translation in the groupoid $G$ along $D$. From this follows a proof that $D$ defines a pseudoaction generating a pseudogroup of transformations on $M$ precisely when the curvature of $\nabla $ vanishes. A byproduct of this analysis is a detailed description of multiplication in the groupoid $J^1 G$ of one-jets of bisections of $G$.
Induced Gravity II: Grand Unification
Creators: name: Einhorn, Martin B
name: Jones, D R Timothy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As an illustration of a renormalizable, asymptotically-free model of induced gravity, we consider an $SO(10)$ gauge theory interacting with a real scalar multiplet in the adjoint representation. We show that dimensional transmutation can occur, spontaneously breaking $SO(10)$ to $SU(5){\otimes}U(1),$ while inducing the Planck mass and a positive cosmological constant, all proportional to the same scale $v$. All mass ratios are functions of the values of coupling constants at that scale. Below this scale (at which the Big Bang may occur), the model takes the usual form of Einstein-Hilbert gravity in de Sitter space plus calculable corrections. We show that there exist regions of parameter space in which the breaking results in a local minimum of the effective action, and a {\bf positive} dilaton $(\hbox{mass})^2$ from two-loop corrections associated with the conformal anomaly. Furthermore, unlike the singlet case we considered previously, some minima lie within the basin of attraction of the ultraviolet fixed point. Moreover, the asymptotic behavior of the coupling constants also lie within the range of convergence of the Euclidean path integral, so there is hope that there will be candidates for sensible vacua. Although open questions remain concerning unitarity of all such renormalizable models of gravity, it is not obvious that, in curved backgrounds such as those considered here, unitarity is violated. In any case, any violation that may remain will be suppressed by inverse powers of the reduced Planck mass.
description: 44 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables. v2 has new discussion concerning stability of SSB plus related appendix. Additional references added. v3 is version to be published; contains minor revisions
Critical shear rate and torque stability condition for a particle resting on a surface in a fluid flow
Creators: name: Kudrolli, Arshad
name: Scheff, David
name: Allen, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We advance a quantitative description of the critical shear rate $\dot{γ_c}$ needed to dislodge a spherical particle resting on a surface with a model asperity in laminar and turbulent fluid flows. We have built a cone-plane experimental apparatus which enables measurement of $\dot{γ_c}$ over a wide range of particle Reynolds number $Re_p$ from $10^{-3}$ to $1.5 \times 10^3$. The condition to dislodge the particle is found to be consistent with the torque balance condition, which { yields a lower $\dot{γ_c}$ compared with} force balance because of the torque component due to drag about the particle center. The data for $Re_p < 0.5$ is in good agreement with analytical calculations of the drag and lift coefficients in the $Re_p \rightarrow 0$ limit. For higher $Re_p$, where analytical results are unavailable, the hydrodynamic coefficients are found to approach a constant for $Re_p > 1000$. We show that a linear combination of the hydrodynamic coefficients found in the viscous and inertial limits can describe the observed $\dot{γ_c}$ as a function of the particle and fluid properties.
description: Accepted for publication in Journal of Fluid Mechanics
A note on Green functors with inflation
Creators: name: Bartel, Alex
name: Spencer, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 19A22, 20B05

description: This note is motivated by the problem to understand, given a commutative ring F, which G-sets X, Y give rise to isomorphic F[G]-representations F[X]\cong F[Y]. A typical step in such investigations is an argument that uses induction theorems to give very general sufficient conditions for all such relations to come from proper subquotients of G. In the present paper we axiomatise the situation, and prove such a result in the generality of Mackey functors and Green functors with inflation. Our result includes, as special cases, a result of Deligne on monomial relations, a result of the first author and Tim Dokchitser on Brauer relations in characteristic 0, and a new result on Brauer relations in characteristic p>0. We will need the new result in a forthcoming paper on Brauer relations in positive characteristic.
description: 13 pages; final version
Bäcklund Transformations and Non-Abelian Nonlinear Evolution Equations: a Novel Bäcklund Chart
Creators: name: Carillo, Sandra
name: Schiavo, Mauro Lo
name: Schiebold, Cornelia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37K10, 37K35, 35Q53

description: Classes of third order non-Abelian evolution equations linked to that of Korteweg-de Vries-type are investigated and their connections represented in a non-commutative Bäcklund chart, generalizing results in [Fuchssteiner B., Carillo S., Phys. A 154 (1989), 467-510]. The recursion operators are shown to be hereditary, thereby allowing the results to be extended to hierarchies. The present study is devoted to operator nonlinear evolution equations: general results are presented. The implied applications referring to finite-dimensional cases will be considered separately.
Locality, bulk equations of motion and the conformal bootstrap
Creators: name: Kabat, Daniel
name: Lifschytz, Gilad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop an approach to construct local bulk operators in a CFT to order $1/N^2$. Since 4-point functions are not fixed by conformal invariance we use the OPE to categorize possible forms for a bulk operator. Using previous results on 3-point functions we construct a local bulk operator in each OPE channel. We then impose the condition that the bulk operators constructed in different channels agree, and hence give rise to a well-defined bulk operator. We refer to this condition as the "bulk bootstrap." We argue and explicitly show in some examples that the bulk bootstrap leads to some of the same results as the regular conformal bootstrap. In fact the bulk bootstrap provides an easier way to determine some CFT data, since it does not require knowing the form of the conformal blocks. This analysis clarifies previous results on the relation between bulk locality and the bootstrap for theories with a $1/N$ expansion, and it identifies a simple and direct way in which OPE coefficients and anomalous dimensions determine the bulk equations of motion to order $1/N^2$.
description: 37 pages, LaTeX. v2: added references and comments on OPE convergence, version to appear in JHEP
Comparison of continuous and discrete-time data-based modeling for hypoelliptic systems
Creators: name: Lu, Fei
name: Lin, Kevin K.
name: Chorin, Alexandre J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65C60, 62M09, 62M20

description: We compare two approaches to the predictive modeling of dynamical systems from partial observations at discrete times. The first is continuous in time, where one uses data to infer a model in the form of stochastic differential equations, which are then discretized for numerical solution. The second is discrete in time, where one directly infers a discrete-time model in the form of a nonlinear autoregression moving average model. The comparison is performed in a special case where the observations are known to have been obtained from a hypoelliptic stochastic differential equation. We show that the discrete-time approach has better predictive skills, especially when the data are relatively sparse in time. We discuss open questions as well as the broader significance of the results.
description: 25 pages
Surface Passivation of c-Si Textured Wafers for a-Si:H/c-Si Heterojunction Solar Cells: Correlation Between Lifetime Tests and Cell Performance of a Pilot Line
Creators: name: Danel, A.
name: Jay, F.
name: Harrison, S.
name: Arnal, C.
name: D'Alonzo, G.
name: Nguyen, N.
name: Ozanne, A.-S.
name: Hickel, P.E.
name: Muñoz, D.
name: Ribeyron, P.-J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2260-2263
description: Surface passivation tests by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition of hydrogenated amorphous
silicon (PECVD a-Si:H) films were performed on textured n-type crystalline silicon (c-Si) wafers to monitor a
heterojunction (HJ) pilot line. For our deposition recipe of intrinsic a-Si:H, an optimal thickness of about 20 to 40 nm
was found to insure good sensitivity of the test. Using 40 nm films, implied open circuit voltage (Voc) up to 740 mV
and effective surface recombination velocity (S) down to 8 cm.s-1, as measured at one sun by quasi-stady state photo
conductivity decay have been obtained using RCA&HF or O3&HF -based cleaning sequences. This high level of
surface passivation allowed a better than 19% conversion efficiency baseline of HJ cells (20.5% best cell, 148 cm2).
Regarding the HJ line monitoring by passivation tests, a correlation between Voc and S of control wafers and cell
performance was found, despite the other process steps than the wet ones impact the performance. This allows,
especially for c-Si bulk quality, some prediction of cell performance and troubleshooting actions on the wet
equipments.
Development of Industrial Processes for Point-Contact Czochralski-Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Kumar, P.
name: Franklin, J.
name: Wijekoon, K.
name: Mungekar, H.
name: Stewart, M.
name: Schroeder, T.
name: Tanner, D.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2268-2272
description: Back point contact silicon solar cells have the potential to achieve high efficiencies >19% at low cost with conventional process flow. Since in conventional solar cells the rear side of the surface is blanket Al metallization for hole collection, the optical reflectivity is poor at Si/Al interface on the back side of solar cell. Additionally it has higher surface recombination velocity due to Al alloying compared to dielectric passivated surface. These can be overcome by using dielectrics on the rear side of cell as it will enhance the optical reflectivity together with reduction in surface recombination velocity of carriers. Laser ablation of Al2O3/SiNx stack and Al alloying of open vias are studied. The metal contact on the back side is made after opening the dielectrics with UV laser. The via size and ablation is found to be dependent on the laser energy and beam width of the laser. Al alloying is strongly dependent on the firing profile and amount of Al present under the vias. I-V measurements of back point contact solar cells clearly show the improvement of short circuit current density jsc and open circuit voltage Voc due to better passivation and reflection from the back surface.
Leptogenesis and gravity: baryon asymmetry without decays
Creators: name: McDonald, J. I.
name: Shore, G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A popular class of theories attributes the matter-antimatter asymmetry of the Universe to CP-violating decays of super-heavy BSM particles in the Early Universe. Recently, we discovered a new source of leptogenesis in these models, namely that the same Yukawa phases which provide the CP violation for decays, combined with curved-spacetime loop effects, lead to an entirely new gravitational mechanism for generating an asymmetry, driven by the expansion of the Universe and independent of the departure of the heavy particles from equilibrium. In this Letter, we build on previous work by analysing the full Boltzmann equation, exploring the full parameter space of the theory and studying the time-evolution of the asymmetry. Remarkably, we find regions of parameter space where decays play no part at all, and where the baryon asymmetry of the Universe is determined solely by gravitational effects.
description: Journal version, published in Phys. Lett. B
Large-Area PERC Cells with a Ti-Cu Based Metallization Leading to Efficiencies Above 19,5%
Creators: name: Allebé, C.
name: Tous, L.
name: Van Wichelen, K.
name: Hernández, J.L.
name: Ngamo, M.
name: Poortmans, J.
name: Mertens, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2276-2279
description: In this paper we report large area 125x125 mm2 solar cells fabricated on random textured p-type Cz-Si
with resistivity of 1-3 Ω.cm. A combination of optimized front and back dielectrics, local point contacts on the rear to
form PERC type solar cells, and Cu plated contacts on the front lead to the independently confirmed efficiency of
19.6% with Voc up to 654mV and short circuit current density Jsc up to 38.9 mA/cm2. The fill factors measured were
in the range of 76-77% indicating that there is considerable room for improvement. A detailed loss analysis is
performed and 2D computer simulations are conducted to provide the guidelines for achieving energy conversion
efficiencies above 20%.
title: Bayesian inference and learning in switching biological systems
Creators: name: Köhs, Lukas
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2023

description: This thesis is concerned with the stochastic modeling of and inference for switching biological systems. Motivated by the great variety of data obtainable from such systems by wet-lab experiments or computer simulations, continuous-time as well as discrete-time frameworks are devised. Similarly, different latent state-space configurations - both hybrid continuous-discrete and purely discrete state spaces - are considered. These models enable Bayesian inferences about the temporal system dynamics as well as the respective parameters. Starting with the exact model formulations, principled approximations are derived using sampling and variational techniques, enabling computationally tractable algorithms. The resulting frameworks are evaluated under the modeling assumption and subsequently applied to common benchmark problems and real-world biological data. These developments are divided into three scientific contributions: First, a Markov chain Monte Carlo method for continuous-time and continuous-discrete state-space hybrid processes is derived. These hybrid processes are formulated as Markov-switching stochastic differential equations, for which the exact evolution equation is also presented. A Gibbs sampling scheme is then derived which enables tractable inference both for the system dynamics and the system parameters. This approach is validated under the modeling assumption as well as applied to data from a wet-lab gene-switching experiment. Second, a variational approach to the same problem is taken to speed up the inference procedure. To this end, a mixture of Gaussian processes serves as the variational measure. The method is derived starting from the Kullback-Leibler divergence between two true switching stochastic differential equations, and it is shown in which regime the Gaussian mixture approximation is valid. It is then benchmarked on the same ground-truth data as the Gibbs sampler and applied to model systems from computational structural biology. Third, a nonparametric inference framework is laid out for conformational molecule switching. Here, a purely discrete latent state space is assumed, where each latent state corresponds to one molecular structure. Utilizing variational techniques again, a method is presented to identify the number of conformations present in the data. This method generalizes the framework of Markov state models, which is well-established in the field of computational structural biology. An observation likelihood model tailored to structural molecule data is introduced, along with a suitable approximation enabling tractable inference. This framework, too, is first evaluated on data generated under the model assumption and then applied to common problems in the field.
Black hole formation from point-like particles in three-dimensional anti-de Sitter space
Creators: name: Lindgren, E. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study collisions of many point-like particles in three-dimensional anti-de Sitter space, generalizing the known result with two particles. We show how to construct exact solutions corresponding to the formation of either a black hole or a conical singularity from the collision of an arbitrary number of massless particles falling in radially from the boundary. We find that when going away from the case of equal energies and discrete rotational symmetry, this is not a trivial generalization of the two-particle case, but requires that the excised wedges corresponding to the particles must be chosen in a very precise way for a consistent solution. We also explicitly take the limit when the number of particles goes to infinity and obtain thin shell solutions that in general break rotational invariance, corresponding to an instantaneous and inhomogeneous perturbation at the boundary. We also compute the stress-energy tensor of the shell using the junction formalism for null shells and obtain agreement with the point particle picture.
description: 42 pages, 9 figures; v2: fixed some typos
Influence of a Thermally Grown SiO2 Interface on the Passivation Quality of PECVD AlOx-SiNx Passivation Layers for PERC Solar Cells
Creators: name: Bähr, M.
name: Sperlich, H.P.
name: Laades, A.
name: Blech, M.
name: Decker, D.
name: Lawerenz, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2284-2287
description: Aluminum oxide (AlOX) serves as high quality passivation layer for p-doped Silicon surfaces and is in
combination with silicon nitride (SiNX) widely introduced for rear passivated cells (e.g. PERC). During typical processing
sequences as annealing or firing, between the deposited AlOX and the silicon surface a thin intermediate silicon oxide (SiOX)
is intrinsically growing. In this paper we analyzed the passivation mechanism of inline PECVD AlOX/SiNX stacks by
independently varying the thickness of an intermediate SiO2. The changing of passivation mechanism was investigated using
techniques as QSSPC lifetime, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and capacitance-voltage measurements (CV).
It was found that the best passivation quality can be achieved, either using the native oxide grown in air or very thin oxides
less than 4 nm thick. Also, a very high surface passivation quality is achieved using a thin (~ 1.6 nm) high-quality chemical
oxide. In most cases an annealing or firing step helps to activate the passivation stack by forming negative charges and
accordingly leading to field effect passivation. Additionally, hydrogen passivation induced by the PECVD deposited -rich
AlOX and SiNX layers leads to an effective defect passivation of interface defects as dangling bonds.
High Efficiency Industrial PERC Solar Cells with all PECVD-Based Rear Surface Passivation
Creators: name: Urrejola, E.
name: Petres, R.
name: Glatz-Reichenbach, J.
name: Peter, K.
name: Wefringhaus, E.
name: Plagwitz, H.
name: Schubert, G.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2233-2235
description: In the photovoltaic industry both the reduction of the silicon material thickness and the increase of the
solar cells efficiency are critical topics for cost reduction. This work presents an innovative and industrially
applicable Si-based passivation layer deposited by PECVD, with high passivation quality for the lowly doped p-type
rear surface of PERC solar cells. Applying only high-throughput PECVD processes for surface passivation, the PERC
process as presented in this work, might be completely feasible for industrial applications. We achieved efficiencies
of 19% on monocrystalline p-type Cz-Si and above 17.2% on multicrystalline p-type wafers. The processing of the
wafers is developed at a standard industrial level, and no special equipment or processing was required for achieving
this efficiencies.
Saltator grandis subsp. hesperis Griscom 1930
Creators: name: LeCroy, Mary
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Cardinalidae
Saltator

description: Saltator grandis hesperis Griscom Saltator grandis hesperis Griscom, 1930: 8 (San Jose´, Guatemala). Now Saltator coerulescens hesperis Griscom, 1930. See Hellmayr, 1938: 19–20, and Dickinson, 2003: 824. HOLOTYPE: AMNH 399307, adult male, collected at San Jose´, 13.58N, 90.50W (Times Atlas), Guatemala, on 24 January 1920, by Austin Paul Smith (no. 19837). From the Dwight Collection (no. 56541). COMMENTS: In the original description, Griscom cited the Dwight Collection number of the holotype and listed the material examined, but did not give all of the collecting locality names. Using the localities listed later by Griscom (1932b: 354), the following 25 paratypes are in AMNH: San Lucas, AMNH 397780–397782, three males; Finca El Cipres, AMNH 397783, 397785, one male, one female; Finca El Espino, AMNH 397784, male; Hacienda California, AMNH 397786–397797, 397799, 397800, nine males, three females, one immature male?, one immature sex?; Panajachel, AMNH 397798, male?; Ocos, AMNH 397801, female; San Felipe, Retalhulen, AMNH 399304, male; Lake Amatitlan, AMNH 399305, 399306, one male, one female. All of these paratypes were labeled ‘‘ hesperis’’ or ‘‘nearest hesperis ’’ and initialed by Griscom. AMNH 397779, an adult male from La Primavera, was labeled hesperis ± grandis by Griscom but was not included in the localities listed by him later (Griscom, 1932b: 354). I did not consider it a paratype. There are perhaps other paratypes at MCZ.
description: Published as part of LeCroy, Mary, 2012, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 10. Passeriformes: Emberizidae: Emberizinae, Catamblyrhynchinae, Cardinalinae, Thraupinae, And Tersininae, pp. 1-125 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2012 (368) on page 57, DOI: 10.1206/775.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5399454
description: {"references": ["Griscom, L. 1930. Studies from the Dwight collection of Guatemala birds. III. American Museum Novitates 438: 1 - 18.", "Hellmayr, C. E. 1938. Catalogue of birds of the Americas and the adjacent islands. Part XI. Ploceidae - Catamblyrhynchidae - Fringillidae.", "Griscom, L. 1932 b. The distribution of bird-life in Guatemala. A contribution to a study of the origin of Central American bird-life. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 64: ix + 439 pp., 11 figs., 2 maps."]}
Entanglement entropy in a periodically driven quantum Ising chain
Creators: name: Apollaro, Tony J. G.
name: Palma, G. Massimo
name: Marino, Jamir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically study the dynamics of entanglement entropy, induced by an oscillating time periodic driving of the transverse field, h(t), of a one-dimensional quantum Ising chain. We consider several realizations of h(t), and we find a number of results in analogy with entanglement entropy dynamics induced by a sudden quantum quench. After short-time relaxation, the dynamics of entanglement entropy synchronises with h(t), displaying an oscillatory behaviour at the frequency of the driving. Synchronisation in the dynamics of entanglement entropy, is spoiled by the appearance of quasi-revivals which fade out in the thermodynamic limit, and which we interpret using a quasi-particle picture adapted to periodic drivings. Taking the time-average of the entanglement entropy in the synchronised regime, we find that it obeys a volume law scaling with the subsystem's size. Such result is reminiscent of a thermal state or of a Generalised Gibbs ensemble of a quenched Ising chain, although the system does not heat up towards infinite temperature as a consequence of the integrability of the model.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Towards 21% Efficient n-Cz IBC Based on Screen Printing
Creators: name: Lamers, M.W.P.E.
name: Mewe, A.A.
name: Romijn, I.G.
name: Bende, E.E.
name: Komatsu, Y.
name: Koppes, M.
name: Morecroft, D.
name: Cascant, M.
name: Castano, F.J.
name: Weeber, A.W.
name: Cesar, I.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2239-2242
description: Interdigitated Back Contact (IBC) cells have been fabricated at ECN laboratories with a best cell
efficiency of 19.1%, using n-type Cz material and a process flow based on all-screen-printed patterning and
metallization. Excellent current collection due to an optimized FSF is demonstrated by a Jsc value as high as 41.5
mA/cm2, corrected for spectral mismatch, and a Voc of 641 mV. The results show high Pseudo Fill Factors (PFF) of
above 81% but lower Fill Factors (FF) of below 72%.
Electroweak production of light scalar-pseudoscalar pairs from extended Higgs sectors
Creators: name: Enberg, Rikard
name: Klemm, William
name: Moretti, Stefano
name: Munir, Shoaib
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In models with extended Higgs sectors, it is possible that the Higgs boson discovered at the LHC is not the lightest one. We show that in a realistic model (the Type I 2-Higgs Doublet Model), when the sum of the masses of a light scalar and a pseudoscalar ($h$ and $A$) is smaller than the $Z$ boson mass, the Electroweak (EW) production of an $hA$ pair can dominate over QCD production by orders of magnitude, a fact not previously highlighted. This is because in the $gg$-initiated process, $hA$ production via a resonant $Z$ in the $s$-channel is prohibited according to the Landau-Yang theorem, which is not the case for the $q\bar{q}$-initiated process. We explore the parameter space of the model to highlight regions giving such $hA$ solutions while being consistent with all constraints from collider searches, $b$-physics and EW precision data. We also single out a few benchmark points to discuss their salient features, including the $hA$ search channels that can be exploited at Run II of the LHC.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. v2: References added, typos corrected, discussion slightly expanded. Main conclusions unchanged. Published in Physics Letters B
Integration of AlOx Passivation Layer ijn PERC-Based Solar Cells
Creators: name: Penaud, J.
name: Rothschild, A.
name: Jaffrennou, P.
name: Naber, R.
name: Ngamo, M.
name: Lombardet, B.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2243-2246
description: Aluminum oxide (AlOx) is of great interest for the passivation of crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells.
Such films combine a chemical passivation, leading to a drastic decrease of the interfacial defect density, with a field
effect passivation, thanks to its negative fixed charges which shield the minority carriers from the semiconductor
interface. However, despite the interesting passivation properties of AlOx, this work first focuses on the passivation
stability over time. Then, the formation of AlOx bubbles, called blistering, has been shown to be dependent on the
AlOx thickness. Moreover, this work has evidenced the apparition of parasitic random local contacts once starting
with a “blistered surface”. This physical phenomenon has been shown to cause some shunts and leakage current
which decrease the performance of the solar cells. Finally, the impact of the cleaning before AlOx deposition has
been pointed out in a full cell process flow. AlOx-based PERC solar cells have been processed reaching efficiency up
to 18%.
Improved Inclusion-Exclusion Identities and Bonferroni Inequalities with Applications to Reliability Analysis of Coherent Systems
Creators: name: Dohmen, Klaus
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Graphentheorie
subject: Prinzip der Inklusion-Exklusion
subject: Bonferroni-Ungleichungen
subject: Zuverlässigkeit von Netzwerken
subject: graph theory
subject: principle of inclusion-exclusion
subject: Bonferroni inequalities
subject: network reliability
subject: 004 Informatik
subject: 28 Informatik, Datenverarbeitung
subject: SK 850

description: Viele Probleme der Kombinatorik, Zahlentheorie, Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie, Zuverlässigkeitstheorie und Statistik lassen sich durch Anwendung einer einheitlichen Methode lösen, die als Prinzip der Inklusion-Exklusion bekannt ist. Das Prinzip der Inklusion-Exklusion drückt die Indikatorfunktion einer Vereinigung endlich vieler Ereignisse als alternierende Summe der Indikatorfunktionen ihrer Durchschnitte aus. Die vorliegende Schrift befasst sich mit verbesserten Inklusions-Exklusions-Identitäten und verbesserten Bonferroni-Ungleichungen, die voraussetzen, dass die Ereignisfamilie gewissen strukturellen Anforderungen genügt. Solche wohl-strukturierten Ereignisfamilien finden sich u.a. in der schließenden Statistik, der kombinatorischen Zuverlässigkeitstheorie und der chromatischen Graphentheorie.
description: Many problems in combinatorics, number theory, probability theory , reliability theory and statistics can be solved by applying a unifying method, which is known as the principle of inclusion-exclusion. The principle of inclusion-exclusion expresses the indicator function of a union of finitely many events as an alternating sum of indicator functions of their intersections. This thesis deals with improved inclusion-exclusion identities and improved Bonferroni inequalities that require the family of events to satisfy some structural restrictions. Examples of such well-structured families arise in problems of statistical inference, combinatorial reliability theory and chromatic graph theory.
Comment on "Gain-assisted superluminal light propagation through a Bose-Einstein condensate cavity system"
Creators: name: Macke, Bruno
name: Ségard, Bernard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent theoretical article [Eur. Phys. J. D 70, 1 (2016)], Kazemi et al. claim to have demonstrated superluminal light transmission in an optomechanical system where a Bose-Einstein condensate serves as the mechanical oscillator. In fact the superluminal propagation is only inferred from the existence of a minimum of transmission of the system at the probe frequency. This condition is not sufficient and we show that, in all the cases where superluminal propagation is claimed by Kazemi et al., the propagation is in reality subluminal. Moreover, we point out that the system under consideration is not minimum-phase-shift. The Kramers-Kronig relations then only fix a lower limit to the group delay and we show that these two quantities have sometimes opposite signs.
Studies on Wet-Chemical Surface Conditioning for Al2O3 Passivation Layers Deposited with ALD
Creators: name: Breitenstein, L.
name: Richter, A.
name: Hermle, M.
name: Warta, W.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2247-2251
description: In order to enhance the passivation quality of thin Al2O3 layers in an Al2O3/SiNx stack an appropriate
pre-deposition cleaning and wet-chemical surface conditioning plays an important role. In this study we present
findings on the influence of wet-chemical surface conditioning on the passivation quality of thin ALD Al2O3 layers in
an Al2O3/SiNx stack. Differently terminated sample surfaces have been investigated. Two different wet-chemical
oxides, a HF last step as well as a native grown oxide of an out-of-box wafer have been analyzed regarding their
impact on the passivation quality. Also the hydrophilic properties of the surface without a dielectric passivation layer
have been measured. We find a direct correlation of the hydrophilic properties and passivation quality of the surface
termination on the passivation quality of the Al2O3/SiNx stack. So far, a 60 s HF last step was found to be the best
surface treatment for 5 nm Al2O3 layers. In comparison, a surface conditioning by wet-chemical oxides leads to lower
lifetimes. In contrast native oxides grown on cleaned wafers were found to enhance the homogeneity and the
passivation quality of Al2O3/SiNx stack systems with 0.5 nm Al2O3 layers significantly. Thereby the firing stability of
the stack system is not affected.
Self-organization of atoms coupled to a chiral reservoir
Creators: name: Eldredge, Zachary
name: Solano, Pablo
name: Chang, Darrick
name: Gorshkov, Alexey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tightly confined modes of light, as in optical nanofibers or photonic crystal waveguides, can lead to large optical coupling in atomic systems, which mediates long-range interactions between atoms. These one-dimensional systems can naturally possess couplings that are asymmetric between modes propagating in different directions. Strong long-range interaction among atoms via these modes can drive them to a self-organized periodic distribution. In this paper, we examine the self-organizing behavior of atoms in one dimension coupled to a chiral reservoir. We determine the solution to the equations of motion in different parameter regimes, relative to both the detuning of the pump laser that initializes the atomic dipole-dipole interactions and the degree of reservoir chirality. In addition, we calculate possible experimental signatures such as reflectivity from self-organized atoms and motional sidebands.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures
Emergent smectic order in simple active particle models
Creators: name: Romanczuk, Pawel
name: Chaté, Hugues
name: Chen, Leiming
name: Ngo, Sandrine
name: Toner, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Novel "smectic-P" behavior, in which self-propelled particles form rows and move on average along them, occurs generically within the orientationally-ordered phase of simple models that we simulate. Both apolar (head-tail symmetric) and polar (head-tail asymmetric) models with aligning and repulsive interactions exhibit slow algebraic decay of smectic order with system size up to some finite length scale, after which faster decay occurs. In the apolar case, this scale is that of an undulation instability of the rows. In the polar case, this instability is absent, but traveling fluctuations disrupt the rows in large systems and motion and smectic order may spontaneously globally rotate. These observations agree with a new hydrodynamic theory which we present here. Variants of our models also exhibit active smectic "A" and "C" order, with motion orthogonal and oblique to the layers respectively.
description: revised version
Dielectric Backside Passivation – Improvements by Dipole Optimization
Creators: name: Jakschik, S.
name: Erben, E.
name: Benner, F.
name: Kupke, S.
name: Dirnstorfer, I.
name: Rose, M.
name: Endler, I.
name: Mikolajick, T.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2252-2255
description: Based on an examination of interface effects on negative fixed charge formation in Al2O3 we have been
able to attribute the charge centroid to the oxide interface between Al2O3 and SiO2. The formation of negative fixed
charge seems strongly related to the presence of oriented Al-O-Si bonds, which induce a dipole, causing the negative
charge.
On the Complexity of Multiplication in the Iwahori--Hecke Algebra of the Symmetric Group
Creators: name: Niemeyer, Alice C.
name: Pfeiffer, Götz
name: Praeger, Cheryl E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20C08, 20F55, 20B40

description: We present new efficient data structures for elements of Coxeter groups of type $A_m$ and their associated Iwahori--Hecke algebras $H(A_m)$. Usually, elements of $H(A_m)$ are represented as simple coefficient list of length $M = (m+1)!$ with respect to the standard basis, indexed by the elements of the Coxeter group. In the new data structure, elements of $H(A_m)$ are represented as nested coefficient lists. While the cost of addition is the same in both data structures, the new data structure leads to a huge improvement in the cost of multiplication in~$H(A_m)$.
description: 17 pages; errors corrected; example added. To appear in J. Symb. Comp
A thermo-mechanical explanation for the topology of crack patterns observed on the surface of charred wood and particle fibreboard
Creators: name: Baroudi, Djebar
name: Ferrantelli, Andrea
name: Li, Kai Yuan
name: Hostikka, Simo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the assessment of wood charring, it was believed for a long time that physicochemical processes were responsible for the creation of cracking patterns on the charring wood surface. This implied no possibility to rigorously explain the crack topology. In this paper we show instead that below the pyrolysis temperatures, a primary global macro-crack pattern is already completely established by means of a thermomechanical instability phenomenon. First we report experimental observations of the crack patterns on orthotropic (wood) and isotropic (Medium Density Fibreboard) materials in inert atmosphere. Then we solve the 3D thermomechanical buckling problem numerically by using the Finite Element Method, and show that the different crack topologies can be explained qualitatively by the simultaneous thermal expansion and softening, taking into account the directional dependence of the elastic properties. Finally, we formulate a 2D model for a soft layer bonded to an elastic substrate, and find an equation predicting the inter-crack distance in the main crack-pattern for the orthotropic case. We also derive a formula for the critical thermal stress above which the plane surface will wrinkle and buckle. The results can be used for finding new ways to prevent or delay the crack formation, leading to improved fire safety of wood-based products.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures. Matches the version published in Combustion and Flame
Investigation of two-frequency Paul traps for antihydrogen production
Creators: name: Leefer, Nathan
name: Krimmel, Kai
name: Bertsche, William
name: Budker, Dmitry
name: Fajans, Joel
name: Folman, Ron
name: Haeffner, Hartmut
name: Schmidt-Kaler, Ferdinand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radio-frequency (rf) Paul traps operated with multifrequency rf trapping potentials provide the ability to independently confine charged particle species with widely different charge-to-mass ratios. In particular, these traps may find use in the field of antihydrogen recombination, allowing antiproton and positron clouds to be trapped and confined in the same volume without the use of large superconducting magnets. We explore the stability regions of two-frequency Paul traps and perform numerical simulations of small, multispecies charged-particle mixtures that indicate the promise of these traps for antihydrogen recombination.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures