cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Automatic Generation of Staged Geometric Predicates
Creators: name: Nanevski, Aleksandar
name: Blelloch, Guy E.
name: Harper, Robert
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1973
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Algorithms in Computational Geometry and Computer Aided Design are often developed for the Real RAM model of computation, which assumes exactness of all the input arguments and operations. In practice, however, the exactness imposes tremendous limitations on the algorithms—even the basic operations become uncomputable, or prohibitively slow. In some important cases, however, the computations of interest are limited to determining the sign of polynomial expressions. In such circumstances, a faster approach is available: one can evaluate the polynomial in floating-point first, together with some estimate of the rounding error, and fall back to exact arithmetic only if this error is too big to determine the sign reliably. A particularly efficient variation on this approach has been used by Shewchuk in his robust implementations of Orient and InSphere geometric predicates. We extend Shewchuk's method to arbitrary polynomial expressions. The expressions are given as programs in a suitable source language featuring basic arithmetic operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication and squaring, which are to be perceived by the programmer as exact. The source language also allows for anonymous functions; the use of such functions enables the common functional programming technique of staging. The method is presented formally through several judgments that govern the compilation of the source expression into target code, which is then easily transformed into SML or, in case of single-stage expressions, into C.
How to manipulate magnetic states of antiferromagnets
Creators: name: Song, Cheng
name: You, Yunfeng
name: Chen, Xianzhe
name: Zhou, Xiaofeng
name: Wang, Yuyan
name: Pan, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Antiferromagnetic materials, which have drawn considerable attention recently, have fascinating features: they are robust against perturbation, produce no stray fields, and exhibit ultrafast dynamics. Discerning how to efficiently manipulate the magnetic state of an antiferromagnet is key to the development of antiferromagnetic spintronics. In this review, we introduce four main methods (magnetic, strain, electrical, and optical) to mediate the magnetic states and elaborate on intrinsic origins of different antiferromagnetic materials. Magnetic control includes a strong magnetic field, exchange bias, and field cooling, which are traditional and basic. Strain control involves the magnetic anisotropy effect or metamagnetic transition. Electrical control can be divided into two parts, electric field and electric current, both of which are convenient for practical applications. Optical control includes thermal and electronic excitation, an inertia-driven mechanism, and terahertz laser control, with the potential for ultrafast antiferromagnetic manipulation. This review sheds light on effective usage of antiferromagnets and provides a new perspective on antiferromagnetic spintronics.
description: 68 pages, 10 figures, to be published in Nanotechnology
Automatic Evaluation and Selection of Problem-Solving Methods: Theory and Experiments
Creators: name: Fink, Eugene
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1979
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The choice of the right problem-solving method, from available methods, is a crucial skill for experts in many areas. We present a technique for automatic selection among methods based on analysis of their past performances. We formalize the statistical problem involved in choosing an efficient method, derive a solution to this problem, and describe a selection algorithm. The algorithm not only chooses among available methods, but also decides when to abandon the chosen method if it takes too much time. We then extend the basic statistical technique to account for problem sizes and similarity among problems.
Les grands oubliés : La réalité des proches aidants de personnes ayant une démence
Creators: name: Bouthillette, Hélène
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2020

description: Au fil des ans, les politiques québécoises sur la prise en charge des personnes âgées en perte d’autonomie et le soutien aux proches aidants ont connu plusieurs changements de cap. Aujourd’hui, reconnaissant le rôle essentiel des proches aidants, l’État québécois a mis en place des politiques, des mécanismes de soutien et des mesures fiscales visant à leur venir en aide. Or, en dépit de ces efforts, la situation se détériore, les pressions exercées sur les proches aidants s’accentuent et ils sont à bout de souffle. Ceux qui s’occupent d’une personne ayant une démence sont particulièrement affectés en raison des particularités de ce trouble cognitif. Les répercussions de la proche aidance touchent surtout les femmes, plus nombreuses que les hommes à s’occuper d’un proche âgé. Elles y consacrent un plus grand nombre d’heures, accomplissent davantage de tâches et en ressentent plus fortement les répercussions dans toutes les sphères de leur vie. À partir de l’analyse critique d’un vaste corpus d’écrits sur le sujet, le présent mémoire porte un regard féministe sur la situation des proches aidants et les mesures adoptées à leur intention. Il analyse leur réalité et propose des pistes de solution en vue d’améliorer leur situation. Il renferme des recommandations portant sur quatre aspects touchant directement les proches aidants, à savoir la reconnaissance; les mécanismes de soutien financier et les mesures fiscales; les programmes et services; ainsi que la conciliation du travail rémunéré, de la vie familiale et des soins. Au-delà des mesures individuelles, qui s’avèrent efficaces à certains égards, ces recommandations s’attaquent aux causes structurelles du stress et du fardeau vécus par les proches aidants dans le but de susciter des changements durables. Mots-clés : démence, politiques gouvernementales, proche aidant, répercussions de la proche aidance, soutien, théories féministes, trouble cognitif.
Einstein and Rastall Theories of Gravitation in Comparison
Creators: name: Darabi, F.
name: Moradpour, H.
name: Licata, I.
name: Heydarzade, Y.
name: Corda, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We profit by a recent paper of Visser claiming that Rastall gravity is equivalent to Einstein gravity to compare the two gravitational theories in a general way. Our conclusions are different from Visser's ones. We indeed argue that these two theories are not equivalent. In fact, Rastall theory of gravity is an "open" theory when compared to Einstein general theory of relativity. Thus, it is ready to accept the challenges of observational cosmology and quantum gravity.
description: 8 pages, comment on the paper arXiv:1711.11500, "Rastall gravity is equivalent to Einstein gravity", by Matt Visser. Final version matching the paper published in the European Physical Journal C
Star Wars: The Empirics Strike Back
Creators: name: Brodeur, Abel
name: Lé, Mathias
name: Sangnier, Marc
name: Zylberberg, Yanos
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Hypothesis testing
distorting incentives
selection bias
research in economics
Tests d'hypothèse
incitatifs à publier
biais de sélection
recherche en économie

description: Journals favor rejection of the null hypothesis. This selection upon tests may distort the behavior of researchers. Using 50,000 tests published between 2005 and 2011 in the AER, JPE, and QJE, we identify a residual in the distribution of tests that cannot be explained by selection. The distribution of p-values exhibits a two humped camel shape with abundant p-values above 0.25, a valley between 0.25 and 0.10, and a bump slightly below 0.05. The missing tests (with p-values between 0.25 and 0.10) can be retrieved just after the 0.05 threshold and represent 10% to 20% of marginally rejected tests. Our interpretation is that researchers might be tempted to inflate the value of those just-rejected tests by choosing a significant specification. We propose a method to measure this residual and describe how it varies by article and author characteristics. / Les journaux académiques favorisent le rejet de l’hypothèse nulle. Cette sélection des tests statistiques peut affecter le comportement des chercheurs. Nous identifions un résidu dans la distribution de plus de 50,000 tests publiés dans l’AER, le JPE et le QJE entre 2005 et 2011 ne pouvant être expliqué seulement par la sélection. La distribution des tests a la forme d’un chameau à deux bosses avec beaucoup de valeurs p audessus de 0.25, une vallée entre 0.25 et 0.10, et une bosse juste au-dessous de 0.05. Les tests manquants (entre 0.25 et 0.10) se retrouvent juste après le seuil de 0.05 et représentent entre 10% et 20% des tests marginalement rejetés. Notre interprétation est que les chercheurs sont enclins à enfler la valeur de leurs statistiques en trouvant une spécification “significative”. Nous proposons une méthode pour mesurer ce biais et montrons comment il varie selon les caractéristiques des auteurs et des articles.
Automatic Concept Identification In Goal-Oriented Conversations
Creators: name: Ananlada  Chotimongkol
name: Rudnicky, Alexander
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We address the problem of identifying key domain concepts
automatically from an unannotated corpus of goal-oriented
human-human conversations. We examine two clustering
algorithms, one based on mutual information and another one
based on Kullback-Liebler distance. In order to compare the
results from both techniques quantitatively, we evaluate the
outcome clusters against reference concept labels using
precision and recall metrics adopted from the evaluation of
topic identification task. However, since our system allows
more than one cluster to associate with each concept an
additional metric, a singularity score, is added to better capture
cluster quality. Based on the proposed quality metrics, the
results show that Kullback-Liebler-based clustering
outperforms mutual information-based clustering for both the
optimal quality and the quality achieved using an automatic
stopping criterion
BTZ dilatonic black holes coupled to Maxwell and Born-Infeld electrodynamics
Creators: name: Hendi, Seyed Hossein
name: Panah, Behzad Eslam
name: Panahiyan, Shahram
name: Hassaine, Mokhtar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by string theory corrections of dilatonic gravity and Born-Infeld nonlinear electromagnetic field, we consider the BTZ black holes with these two generalizations. It will be shown that the generalization to dilatonic gravity introduces novel properties into thermodynamics of the black holes which were absent in the purely gravity case. Furthermore, the possibility of tuning out part of the dilatonic effects is explored in the Born-Infeld generalization.
description: 17 pages with 8 captioned figures, V2: new references and some clarifications are added
Linear bound for the dyadic paraproduct on weighted Lebesgue space $L_2(w)$
Creators: name: Beznosova, Oleksandra V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42B35

description: The dyadic paraproduct is bounded in weighted Lebesgue spaces $L_p(w)$ if and only if the weight $w$ belongs to the Muckenhoupt class $A_p^d$. However, the sharp bounds on the norm of the dyadic paraproduct are not known even in the simplest $L_2(w)$ case. In this paper we prove the linear bound on the norm of the dyadic paraproduct in the weighted Lebesgue space $L_2(w)$ using Bellman function techniques and extrapolate this result to the $L_p(w)$ case.
description: 13 pages
Virtue-Based Leadership: A Proposed Approach within the Canadian Public Service
Creators: name: Alsousi, Ausama
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2020

description: Public institutions are the embodiment of Canadian representative democracy and the people and are required, at the very least, to render services to the public they are meant to represent. Upholding public confidence in federal institutions is the primary raison d’être of every ethics program in each Canadian public service department and agency (Canada, Treasury Board Secretariat 5). While this purpose is clearly consistent across the over 100 agencies and departments of the Canadian public service, the manner in which each institution goes about achieving this trust is anything but consistent. As seen in past scandals within federal organizations and crown corporations (Gian Ghomeshi at CBC, Liberal sponsorship scandal, to name a few), having a more consistent and firm commitment to ethical leadership will ensure public servants adhere to ethical principles set out within the Values and Ethics Code for the Public Sector (hereafter: The Code). This, in turn, will not only reinforce the public’s confidence in federal public institutions, but also the confidence public servants themselves have in their own departments. Ethical leadership is the single most critical element in establishing an effective ethics program within federal government institutions. Several studies have shown that the leader is the greatest influence and factor in determining the behaviour of their followers or subordinates (Schein 5). There are numerous ethical and leadership theories that insist leaders are the best suited for stitching ethics into the fabric of an institution or corporation. While these theories exist and are available, there is too much emphasis placed on the role of the leader to set “the tone at the top” and not enough attention is paid to the role of the middle manager or supervisor: the leader with the most interaction and therefore influence on an organization’s employees. Furthermore, there has yet to be a singular, definitive ethical leadership theory employed across the federal public service. I will argue that virtue or character-based ethical leadership is the best framework for instilling ethics within federal public service institutions and the critical role of middle managers. First, I will begin by examining the establishment of the current ethics program as well as the expected behaviours and accountabilities placed on leaders. Second, I will demonstrate the importance of leadership in shaping the behaviours of public servants and the role of middle managers in this process. Third, I will examine the notion of virtue ethics as a normative ethical framework and explore the opposition to this framework. Finally, I will examine virtue-based leadership and recommend how it can be instilled across the public service with a clear example for the way forward.
Automatic computation of data set definitions
Creators: name: Reynolds, John C
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Most programming systems which attempt to provide flexible and efficient data representation require the user to specify the range of variables, parameters, and functions by extensive and detailed data structure declarations. The purpose of this paper is to suggest that much of this declarative information is redundant, and can be inferred from the non-declarative portion of the program. Specifically, in the context of a restricted but non-trivial programming language, pure LISP, a method is given for constructing a data set description of the results of a function from a program for the function and a data set description of its arguments.
The Sloan Digital Sky Survey Quasar Catalog: Fourteenth Data Release
Creators: name: Pâris, I.
name: Petitjean, P.
name: Aubourg, E.
name: Myers, A. D.
name: Streblyanska, A.
name: Lyke, B. W.
name: Anderson, S. F.
name: Armengaud, E.
name: Bautista, J.
name: Blanton, M. R.
name: Blomqvist, M.
name: Brinkmann, J.
name: Brownstein, J. R.
name: Brandt, W. N.
name: Burtin, E.
name: Dawson, K.
name: de la Torre, S.
name: Georgakakis, A.
name: Gil-Marin, H.
name: Green, P. J.
name: Hall, P. B.
name: Kneib, J. -P.
name: LaMassa, S. M.
name: Goff, J. -M. Le
name: MacLeod, C.
name: Mariappan, V.
name: McGreer, I. D.
name: Merloni, A.
name: Noterdaeme, P.
name: Delabrouille, N. Palanque
name: Percival, W. J.
name: Ross, A. J.
name: Rossi, G.
name: Schneider, D. P.
name: Seo, H. -J.
name: Tojeiro, R.
name: Weaver, B. A.
name: Weijmans, A. -M.
name: Yèche, C.
name: Zarrouk, P.
name: Zhao, G. -B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the Data Release 14 Quasar catalog (DR14Q) from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV (SDSS-IV). This catalog includes all SDSS-IV/eBOSS objects that were spectroscopically targeted as quasar candidates and that are confirmed as quasars via a new automated procedure combined with a partial visual inspection of spectra, have luminosities $M_{\rm i} \left[ z=2 \right] < -20.5$ (in a $Λ$CDM cosmology with $H_0 = 70 \ {\rm km \ s^{-1} \ Mpc ^{-1}}$, $Ω_{\rm M} = 0.3$, and $Ω_{\rm Λ} = 0.7$), and either display at least one emission line with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) larger than $500 \ {\rm km \ s^{-1}}$ or, if not, have interesting/complex absorption features. The catalog also includes previously spectroscopically-confirmed quasars from SDSS-I, II and III. The catalog contains 526,356 quasars 144,046 are new discoveries since the beginning of SDSS-IV) detected over 9,376 deg$^2$ (2,044 deg$^2$ having new spectroscopic data available) with robust identification and redshift measured by a combination of principal component eigenspectra. The catalog is estimated to have about 0.5% contamination. The catalog identifies 21,877 broad absorption line quasars and lists their characteristics. For each object, the catalog presents SDSS five-band CCD-based photometry with typical accuracy of 0.03 mag. The catalog also contains X-ray, ultraviolet, near-infrared, and radio emission properties of the quasars, when available, from other large-area surveys.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. The catalog is available at https://data.sdss.org/sas/dr14/eboss/qso/DR14Q/DR14Q_v4_4.fits
In memoriam Maurice Gross
Creators: name: Laporte, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Maurice Gross (1934-2001) was both a great linguist and a pioneer in natural language processing. This article is written in homage to his memory
description: 8 pages
Measuring Burden of Unhealthy Behaviours Using a Multivariable Predictive Approach: Life Expectancy Lost in Canada Attributable to Smoking, Alcohol, Physical Inactivity, and Diet
Creators: name: Manuel, Douglas G.
name: Perez, Richard
name: Sanmartin, Claudia
name: Taljaard, Monica
name: Hennessy, Deirdre
name: Wilson, Kumanan
name: Tanuseputro, Peter
name: Manson, Heather
name: Bennett, Carol
name: Tuna, Meltem
name: Fisher, Stacey
name: Rosella, Laura C.
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Alcohol Drinking
Canada
Diet
Female
Health Behavior
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Mortality
Risk Factors
Smoking
Life Expectancy
Sedentary Behavior

description: Behaviours such as smoking, poor diet, physical inactivity, and unhealthy alcohol consumption are leading risk factors for death. We assessed the Canadian burden attributable to these behaviours by developing, validating, and applying a multivariable predictive model for risk of all-cause death.
Electric polarization and discrete shift from boundary and corner charge in crystalline Chern insulators
Creators: name: Zhang, Yuxuan
name: Barkeshli, Maissam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, it has been shown how topological phases of matter with crystalline symmetry and $U(1)$ charge conservation can be partially characterized by a set of many-body invariants, the discrete shift $\mathscr{S}_{\text{o}}$ and electric polarization $\vec{\mathscr{P}}_{\text{o}}$, where $\text{o}$ labels a high symmetry point. Crucially, these can be defined even with non-zero Chern number and/or magnetic field. One manifestation of these invariants is through quantized fractional contributions to the charge in the vicinity of a lattice disclination or dislocation. In this paper, we show that these invariants can also be extracted from the length and corner dependence of the total charge (mod 1) on the boundary of the system. We provide a general formula in terms of $\mathscr{S}_{\text{o}}$ and $\vec{\mathscr{P}}_{\text{o}}$ for the total charge of any subregion of the system which can include full boundaries or bulk lattice defects, unifying boundary, corner, disclination, and dislocation charge responses into a single general theory. These results hold for Chern insulators, despite their gapless chiral edge modes, and for which an unambiguous definition of an intrinsically two-dimensional electric polarization has been unclear until recently. We also discuss how our theory can fully characterize the topological response of quadrupole insulators.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures
Laser acceleration of highly energetic carbon ions using a double-layer target composed of slightly underdense plasma and ultrathin foil
Creators: name: Ma, W. J.
name: Kim, I Jong
name: Yu, J. Q.
name: Choi, Il Woo
name: Singh, P. K.
name: Lee, Hwang Woon
name: Sung, Jae Hee
name: Lee, Seong Ku
name: Lin, C.
name: Liao, Q.
name: Zhu, J. G.
name: Lu, H. Y.
name: Liu, B.
name: Wang, H. Y.
name: Xu, R. F.
name: He, X. T.
name: Chen, J. E.
name: Zepf, M.
name: Schreiber, J.
name: Yan, X. Q.
name: Nam, Chang Hee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the experimental generation of highly energetic carbon ions up to 48 MeV per nucleon by shooting double-layer targets composed of well-controlled slightly underdense plasma (SUP) and ultrathin foils with ultra-intense femtosecond laser pulses. Particle-in-cell simulations reveal that carbon ions residing in the ultrathin foils undergo radiation pressure acceleration and long-time sheath field acceleration in sequence due to the existence of the SUP in front of the foils. Such an acceleration scheme is especially suited for heavy ion acceleration with femtosecond laser pulses. The breakthrough of heavy ion energy up to multi-tens of MeV/u at high-repetition-rate would be able to trigger significant advances in nuclear physics, high energy density physics, and medical physics.
Automatic Clock Abstraction from Sequential Circuits
Creators: name: Jain, Samir
name: Bryant, Randal E.
name: Jain, Alok
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1983
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Our goal is to transform a low-level circuit design into a more abstract representation. A pre-existing tool, Tranalyze [4], takes a switch-level circuit and generates a functionally equivalent gatelevel representation. This work focuses on taking that gate-level sequential circuit and performing a temporal analysis which abstracts the clocks from the circuit. The analysis generates a cycle-level gate model with the detailed timing abstracted from the original circuit. Unlike other possible approaches, our analysis does not require the user to identify state elements or give the timings of internal state signals. The temporal analysis process has applications in simulation, formal verification, and reverse engineering of existing circuits. Experimental results show a 40%-70% reduction in the size of the circuit and a 3X-150X speedup in simulation time.
Training-free Diffusion Model Alignment with Sampling Demons
Creators: name: Yeh, Po-Hung
name: Lee, Kuang-Huei
name: Chen, Jun-Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Aligning diffusion models with user preferences has been a key challenge. Existing methods for aligning diffusion models either require retraining or are limited to differentiable reward functions. To address these limitations, we propose a stochastic optimization approach, dubbed Demon, to guide the denoising process at inference time without backpropagation through reward functions or model retraining. Our approach works by controlling noise distribution in denoising steps to concentrate density on regions corresponding to high rewards through stochastic optimization. We provide comprehensive theoretical and empirical evidence to support and validate our approach, including experiments that use non-differentiable sources of rewards such as Visual-Language Model (VLM) APIs and human judgements. To the best of our knowledge, the proposed approach is the first inference-time, backpropagation-free preference alignment method for diffusion models. Our method can be easily integrated with existing diffusion models without further training. Our experiments show that the proposed approach significantly improves the average aesthetics scores for text-to-image generation. Implementation is available at https://github.com/aiiu-lab/DemonSampling.
description: 35 pages
Enhanced axion-photon coupling in GUT with hidden photon
Creators: name: Daido, Ryuji
name: Takahashi, Fuminobu
name: Yokozaki, Norimi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the axion coupling to photons can be enhanced in simple models with a single Peccei-Quinn field, if the gauge coupling unification is realized by a large kinetic mixing $χ= {\cal O}(0.1)$ between hypercharge and unbroken hidden U(1)$_H$. The key observation is that the U(1)$_H$ gauge coupling should be rather strong to induce such large kinetic mixing, leading to enhanced contributions of hidden matter fields to the electromagnetic anomaly. We find that the axion-photon coupling is enhanced by about a factor of 10-100 with respect to the GUT-axion models with $E/N = 8/3$.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Automatic Capture for Spectrum-Based Instrument Models
Creators: name: Dannenberg, Roger B
name: Matsunaga, Minoru
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Our goal is to automate the analysis of recorded acoustic performances in order to study the relationship between scores and performance. An automated system segments a recorded performance into individual notes. These are then analyzed to determine pitch and amplitude envelopes. Spectral data is also measured. The technique consists of two stages. First, a rough estimation stage performs pitch detection based on MQ analysis. Second, an accurate estimation stage uses period-synchronous analysis. The data will ultimately be used by a machine learning process to build instrument and performance models. Experiments with trumpet tones are described.
Peer Influence and Addiction Recurrence
Creators: name: Makdissi, Paul
name: Yazbeck, Myra
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Addiction
peer effects
rehabilitation
Dépendance
effets de pairs
désintoxication

description: In this paper we highlight the role of peers in the recurrence of addictive behavior. To do so, we use a simple “forward looking” model with procrastination and peers influence. Our results show that while procrastination can explain the decision to postpone rehabilitation, peers influence is essential to explain the cyclical patterns of addiction-rehabilitation-addiction. / Dans cet article nous analysons l’influence des pairs dans la récurrence de la dépendance. Nous utilisons un modèle simple avec procrastination et influence des pairs. Nos résultats indiquent que même si la procrastination peut expliquer la décision de repousser à plus tard la désintoxication, l’influence des pairs est essentielle afin d’expliquer les comportements cycliques de dépendance-désintoxication-dépendance.
A resource-based Korean morphological annotation system
Creators: name: Huh, Hyun-Gue
name: Laporte, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We describe a resource-based method of morphological annotation of written Korean text. Korean is an agglutinative language. The output of our system is a graph of morphemes annotated with accurate linguistic information. The language resources used by the system can be easily updated, which allows us-ers to control the evolution of the per-formances of the system. We show that morphological annotation of Korean text can be performed directly with a lexicon of words and without morpho-logical rules.
description: 6 pages
Band tail interface states and quantum capacitance in a monolayer molybdenum disulfide field-effect-transistor
Creators: name: Fang, Nan
name: Nagashio, Kosuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although MoS2 field-effect transistors (FETs) with high-k dielectrics are promising for electron device applications, the underlying physical origin of interface degradation remains largely unexplored. Here, we present a systematic analysis of the energy distribution of the interface state density (Dit) and the quantum capacitance (CQ) in a dual-gate monolayer exfoliated MoS2 FET. The CQ analysis enabled us to construct a Dit extraction method as a function of EF. A band tail distribution of Dit with the lowest value of 8*1011 cm-2eV-1 suggests that Dit is not directly related to the sharp peak energy distribution of the S vacancy. Therefore, the Mo-S bond bending related to the strain at the interface or the surface roughness of the SiO2/Si substrate might be the origin. It is also shown that ultra-thin 2D materials are more sensitive to interface disorder due to the reduced density of states. Since all the constituents for the measured capacitance are well understood, I-V characteristics can be reproduced by utilizing the drift current model. As a result, one of the physical origins of the metal/insulator transition is suggested to be the external outcome of interface traps and quantum capacitance.
APPLICATE Overview Presentation at Abisko Polar Prediction School
Creators: name: Jung, Thomas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: The school was held at the Abisko Scientific Research Station in northern Sweden. It brought together 29 Ph.D. students and early-career researchers from 16 countries. It was a joint initiative from the World Weather Research Programme (WWRP)-Polar Prediction Project, the World Climate Research Program (WCRP)-Polar Climate Predictability Initiative, and the Bolin Centre for Climate Research. In this framework, an overview presentation of the APPLICATE Project was given as part of the school programme.
Isolation of evolvulic acids B and C, two new components of crude resin glycoside fraction from Evolvulus alsinoides
Creators: name: Xu, Jin-Yuan
name: He, Ye
name: Zhang, Ai-Wen
name: Lu, Yun
name: Chen, Guang-Tong
name: Yang, Min
name: Fan, Bo-Yi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Two new glycosidic acids, evolvulic acids B and C (1 and 2), along with a known one, evolvulic acid A (3), were isolated from the glycosidic acid fraction afforded by alkaline hydrolysis of crude resin glycosides from Evolvulus alsinoides whole plants. Their structures were characterized by the spectroscopic data and chemical evidences. Compounds 1 and 2 are both defined as tetrasaccharides, composed of D-fucose, D-glucose, L-rhamnose or D-galactose units. Their aglycones are identified to be a distinctive 3S,11R,14R-trihydroxyhexadecanoic acid, which is only discovered from E. alsinoides up to now. The cytotoxic and anti-migration activities of compounds 1–3 were also tested.
L’image de marque dans le discours du déménagement du Parlement du Canada : vers une délocalisation symbolique de la maison des Canadien.n.e.s?
Creators: name: Basque, Josée
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2020

description: En janvier 2019, le Parlement du Canada a déménagé. Construit il y a un peu plus d’un siècle, l’édifice du Centre devait être rénové pour prolonger sa durée de vie. Un réaménagement des institutions parlementaires a donc dû être organisé, et ce, pour au moins 10 ans. Dans le discours médiatique et institutionnel entourant cet événement, on souligne les changements liés à l’image physique des édifices. Mais qu’en est-il de l’image et de l’identité de marque du Parlement durant ce déménagement ? Comment cet événement a-t-il pu faire émerger certains aspects symboliques de cette image de marque dans le discours médiatique et institutionnel? Avec ce mémoire, nous explorerons ce phénomène en privilégiant l’analyse de contenu des publications médiatiques et institutionnelles. Pour ce faire, nous nous appuierons sur le modèle d’identité de marque de David A. Aaker. Ce modèle conceptuel permet d’analyser l’identité d’une marque, en l’occurrence ici le Parlement du Canada, en faisant émerger les éléments clés issus du discours public. Les résultats de nos analyses montrent que tant l’aspect symbolique que matérielle d’une marque s’avère essentiel dans l’identité qu’elle souhaite projeter. Plus spécifiquement, il appert que cette identité s’actualise à travers des marqueurs de temporalité, des récits individuels ainsi que des objets et artéfacts.
title: Immigrazione e cittadinanza. Riflessioni su alcuni aspetti giuridici e politici
Creators: name: BONINI, Paolo
name: DI MAURO, Ettore William
name: IOVINO, Gaetano
name: MENGHI, Martina
name: SCIARRA, Federico
Publisher: name: Sapienza Università Editrice
Year: 2019

description: Il volume propone una riflessione su alcuni nodi che emergono nel corso del dibattito generale su immigrazione e cittadinanza, a partire dalle competenze scientifiche e professionali degli autori, nelle rispettive qualifiche di giuristi, architetti o politologi.

L’opera, infatti, è il risultato di un progetto di ricerca di giovani studiosi e professionisti riuniti nell’associazione Persona è futuro (www.personaefuturo.it).

Il testo vuole offrire una lettura critica di alcuni temi, tra cui: i criteri di attribuzione della cittadinanza, le implicazioni del politicamente corretto/scorretto, la storia dei modelli giuridici che regolano la cittadinanza o l’immigrazione in Italia e in altri Stati, l’impatto dell’immigrazione nei modelli culturali italiani, l’evoluzione delle architetture per gestire la crisi.
Thermal properties characterization of insulating refractory materials used in steel ladles
Creators: name: VITIELLO Diana
name: NAIT-ALI Benoît
name: TESSIER-DOYEN Nicolas
name: TONNESEN Thorsten
name: REBOUILLAT Lionel
name: SMITH David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: refractory materials
insulating
steel ladles

description: Thermal properties characterization of insulating refractory materials used in steel ladles
Deterministic delivery of remote entanglement on a quantum network
Creators: name: Humphreys, Peter C.
name: Kalb, Norbert
name: Morits, Jaco P. J.
name: Schouten, Raymond N.
name: Vermeulen, Raymond F. L.
name: Twitchen, Daniel. J.
name: Markham, Matthew
name: Hanson, Ronald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large-scale quantum networks promise to enable secure communication, distributed quantum computing, enhanced sensing and fundamental tests of quantum mechanics through the distribution of entanglement across nodes. Moving beyond current two-node networks requires the rate of entanglement generation between nodes to exceed their decoherence rates. Beyond this critical threshold, intrinsically probabilistic entangling protocols can be subsumed into a powerful building block that deterministically provides remote entangled links at pre-specified times. Here we surpass this threshold using diamond spin qubit nodes separated by 2 metres. We realise a fully heralded single-photon entanglement protocol that achieves entangling rates up to 39 Hz, three orders of magnitude higher than previously demonstrated two-photon protocols on this platform. At the same time, we suppress the decoherence rate of remote entangled states to 5 Hz by dynamical decoupling. By combining these results with efficient charge-state control and mitigation of spectral diffusion, we are able to deterministically deliver a fresh remote state with average entanglement fidelity exceeding 0.5 at every clock cycle of $\sim$100 ms without any pre- or post-selection. These results demonstrate a key building block for extended quantum networks and open the door to entanglement distribution across multiple remote nodes.
description: v2 - updated to include relevant citation
Graphes paramétrés et outils de lexicalisation
Creators: name: Laporte, Eric
name: Paumier, Sébastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Shifting to a lexicalized grammar reduces the number of parsing errors and improves application results. However, such an operation affects a syntactic parser in all its aspects. One of our research objectives is to design a realistic model for grammar lexicalization. We carried out experiments for which we used a grammar with a very simple content and formalism, and a very informative syntactic lexicon, the lexicon-grammar of French elaborated by the LADL. Lexicalization was performed by applying the parameterized-graph approach. Our results tend to show that most information in the lexicon-grammar can be transferred into a grammar and exploited successfully for the syntactic parsing of sentences.
Movement behaviour of fish, harvesting-induced habitat degradation and the optimal size of marine reserves
Creators: name: Alqawasmeh, Yousef
name: Lutscher, Frithjof
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019

description: Many models have assessed how marine reserves protect fish populations and – under certain conditions – simultaneously increase yield. Only recently have models considered the effects of fishing-induced habitat damage by assuming reduced population growth in fishing areas. Even though it is understood that fish movement patterns affect the functioning and design of marine reserves, fishing-induced changes in movement patterns, as a response to decreased habitat quality, have not been studied in this context. Our work explores how harvesting-induced movement behaviour of fish can affect optimal yield and size of a marine reserve. Our model is based on reaction-diffusion equations and recent advances in their application to strongly heterogeneous environments with sharp transitions in environmental conditions. We model movement behaviour in response to harvesting and habitat destruction via increased diffusion rates and increased preference for protected areas, and implement reduced reproduction as an effect of habitat degradation. We find an alternative mechanistic explanation for the empirical observation that high fish mobility may not decrease fish density insidea reserve. We also find that movement-behavioural responses of fish to harvesting can decrease the economic value of protected areas and increase their conservation value. For maximum sustainable yield, we find that a low harvesting rate and small protected area are optimal when fish show a strong preference for protected areas as a response to fishing efforts. On the other hand, a high harvesting rate and a large protected area are optimal if fish respond to harvesting by a strong increase in movement rates in fishing areas.
Data-informed modeling of the formation, persistence, and evolution of social norms and conventions
Creators: name: Ye, Mengbin
name: Zino, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Social norms and conventions are commonly accepted and adopted behaviors and practices within a social group that guide interactions -- e.g., how to spell a word or how to greet people -- and are central to a group's culture and identity. Understanding the key mechanisms that govern the formation, persistence, and evolution of social norms and conventions in social communities is a problem of paramount importance for a broad range of real-world applications, spanning from preparedness for future emergencies to promotion of sustainable practices. In the past decades, mathematical modeling has emerged as a powerful tool to reproduce and study the complex dynamics of norm and convention change, gaining insights into their mechanisms, and ultimately deriving tools to predict their evolution. The first goal of this chapter is to introduce some of the main mathematical approaches for modeling social norms and conventions, including population models and agent-based models relying on the theories of dynamical systems, evolutionary dynamics, and game theory. The second goal of the chapter is to illustrate how quantitative observations and empirical data can be incorporated into these mathematical models in a systematic manner, establishing a data-based approach to mathematical modeling of formation, persistence, and evolution of social norms and conventions. Finally, current challenges and future opportunities in this growing field of research are discussed.
description: This is an author's (preprint) version of a book chapter that is part of the Handbook of Visual, Experimental and Computational Mathematics - Bridges through Data
Automated Techniques for Provably Safe Mobile Code
Creators: name: Colby, Christopher
name: Crary, Karl
name: Harper, Robert
name: Lee, Peter
name: Pfenning, Frank
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1976
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a general framework for provably safe mobile code. It relies on a formal definition of a safety policy and explicit evidence for compliance with this policy which is attached to a binary. Concrete realizations of this framework are proof-carrying code, where the evidence for safety is a formal proof generated by a certifying compiler, and typed assembly language, where the evidence for safety is given via type annotations propagated throughout the compilation process in typed intermediate languages. Validity of the evidence is established via a small trusted type checker, either directly on the binary or indirectly on proof representations in a logical framework.
VLBI observations of weak extragalactic radio sources for the alignment of the future GAIA frame with the ICRF
Creators: name: Bourda, Geraldine
name: Charlot, Patrick
name: Porcas, Richard
name: Garrington, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The space astrometry mission GAIA will construct a dense optical QSO-based celestial reference frame. For consistency between the optical and radio positions, it will be important to align the GAIA frame and the International Celestial Reference Frame (ICRF) with the highest accuracy. Currently, it is found that only 10% of the ICRF sources are suitable to establish this link, either because they are not bright enough at optical wavelengths or because they have significant extended radio emission which precludes reaching the highest astrometric accuracy. In order to improve the situation, we have initiated a VLBI survey dedicated to finding additional high-quality radio sources for aligning the two frames. The sample consists of about 450 sources, typically 20 times weaker than the current ICRF sources, which have been selected by cross-correlating optical and radio catalogues. This paper presents the observing strategy and includes preliminary results of observation of 224 of these sources with the European VLBI Network in June 2007.
AdS$_7$/CFT$_6$ with orientifolds
Creators: name: Apruzzi, Fabio
name: Fazzi, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: AdS$_7$ solutions of massive type IIA have been classified, and are dual to a large class of six-dimensional $(1,0)$ SCFT's whose tensor branch deformations are described by linear quivers of SU groups. Quivers and AdS vacua depend solely on the group theory data of the NS5-D6-D8 brane configurations engineering the field theories. This has allowed for a direct holographic match of their $a$ conformal anomaly. In this paper we extend the match to cases where O6 and O8-planes are present, thereby introducing SO and USp groups in the quivers. In all of them we show that the $a$ anomaly computed in supergravity agrees with the holographic limit of the exact field theory result, which we extract from the anomaly polynomial. As a byproduct we construct special AdS$_7$ vacua dual to nonperturbative F-theory configurations. Finally, we propose a holographic $a$-theorem for six-dimensional Higgs branch RG flows.
description: 91 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables, 4 appendices; v2: typos fixed, version published in JHEP