cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Conjectures on union-closed families of sets
Creators: name: Bouchard, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A family of sets $\mathcal{A}$ is union-closed if it is finite and nonempty with member sets that are all finite and distinct (at least one of which is nonempty) and it satisfies the property $X, Y \in \mathcal{A} \implies X \cup Y \in \mathcal{A}$. Let $\binom{S}{k}$ be the set of all $k$-element subsets of a set $S$, and let $[n]=\{1,2,\cdots,n\}$ represent $\bigcup_{A \in \mathcal{A}}A$. Further, let $\mathcal{A}_B=\{A\in\mathcal{A} \ | \ A \cap B = B\}$ and $\mathcal{A}_{\underline{B}}=\{A\in\mathcal{A} \ | \ A \cap B = \emptyset\}$. We consider, for any union-closed family $\mathcal{A}$, the class of conjectures $\textrm{UC}_x \colon \ \exists B \in \binom{[n]}{n-x+1} \ | \ |\mathcal{A}_B| \geq |\mathcal{A}_{\underline{B}}|$, where $x \in [n]$. The extremal case $x=n$ is equivalent to the union-closed sets conjecture, also known as Frankl's conjecture, which states that there exists an element of $[n]$ that is in at least $\frac{|\mathcal{A}|}{2}$ member sets of $\mathcal{A}$. We prove $\textrm{UC}_x$ for $x \in [\lceil \frac{n}{3} \rceil + 1]$, and also investigate two strengthenings of the union-closed sets conjecture.
Reference interval for the C-ACT activated clotting time test in healthy dogs using a water bath and manual assessment of clot formation
Creators: name: Nash, KJ
name: Day, SK
name: Goodwin, WA
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Hematology

description: To establish a reference range for the canine C-ACT activated clotting time (ACT) test using a water bath and visual clot assessment technique. Healthy, privately owned dogs (n = 48) were prospectively recruited to the study. Blood samples were collected via direct jugular venipuncture for complete blood count, serum biochemistry, prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). Five animals with major abnormalities or who became agitated during phlebotomy were excluded. For the 43 remaining animals, 2 mL of blood was then collected via the cephalic vein and added directly to a C-ACT tube that was shaken vigorously before being placed in a water bath at 37°C. Tubes were visually assessed for clot formation and C-ACT was recorded in seconds when the magnet within the tube lodged in the clot. Forty-three animals were eligible for inclusion. The nonparametric reference interval (capturing the central 95% of the data) was 50–80 seconds, with a 90% CI for the lower limit of 50–55 seconds and a 90% CI for the upper limit of 75–80 seconds. The C-ACT ACT test had a positive correlation with aPTT (0.42, 95% CI = 0.13–0.64). There was no evidence of a correlation between C-ACT ACT and age, weight, PT, haematocrit, white blood cell count, platelet count or total protein. The results of this study suggest that the normal reference interval for ACT in dogs using C-ACT tubes in a 37°C water bath is 50–80 seconds. Care should be taken extrapolating the results of this study to the general population, as the smaller study design had less control for confounders than a larger study. However, when using the described analytical methods, C-ACT tube ACT test results > 80 seconds should be considered prolonged in dogs and should prompt further investigation. ACT: Activated clotting time; aPTT: Activated partial thromboplastin time; EDTA: Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; Hct: Haematocrit; PT: Prothrombin time
A Fascinating Polynomial Sequence arising from an Electrostatics Problem on the Sphere
Creators: name: Brauchart, J. S.
name: Dragnev, P. D.
name: Saff, E. B.
name: van de Woestijne, C. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 30C10 (Primary) 31B10 (Secondary)

description: A positive unit point charge approaching from infinity a perfectly spherical isolated conductor carrying a total charge of +1 will eventually cause a negatively charged spherical cap to appear. The determination of the smallest distance $ρ(d)$ ($d$ is the dimension of the unit sphere) from the point charge to the sphere where still all of the sphere is positively charged is known as Gonchar's problem. Using classical potential theory for the harmonic case, we show that $1+ρ(d)$ is equal to the largest positive zero of a certain sequence of monic polynomials of degree $2d-1$ with integer coefficients which we call Gonchar polynomials. Rather surprisingly, $ρ(2)$ is the Golden ratio and $ρ(4)$ the lesser known Plastic number. But Gonchar polynomials have other interesting properties. We discuss their factorizations, investigate their zeros and present some challenging conjectures.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
SLUG - Stochastically Lighting Up Galaxies I: Methods and Validating Tests
Creators: name: da Silva, Robert L.
name: Fumagalli, Michele
name: Krumholz, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of stochasticity on the luminosities of stellar populations are an often neglected but crucial element for understanding populations in the low mass or low star formation rate regime. To address this issue, we present SLUG, a new code to "Stochastically Light Up Galaxies". SLUG synthesizes stellar populations using a Monte Carlo technique that treats stochastic sampling properly including the effects of clustering, the stellar initial mass function, star formation history, stellar evolution, and cluster disruption. This code produces many useful outputs, including i) catalogs of star clusters and their properties, such as their stellar initial mass distributions and their photometric properties in a variety of filters, ii) two dimensional histograms of color-magnitude diagrams of every star in the simulation, iii) and the photometric properties of field stars and the integrated photometry of the entire simulated galaxy. After presenting the SLUG algorithm in detail, we validate the code through comparisons with starburst99 in the well-sampled regime, and with observed photometry of Milky Way clusters. Finally, we demonstrate the SLUG's capabilities by presenting outputs in the stochastic regime. SLUG is publicly distributed through the website http://sites.google.com/site/runslug/.
description: 15 pages, 5 tables, 12 figures, Submitted to ApJ. Code is available for download at https://sites.google.com/site/runslug/
Revolutionizing Sports Science through Information Technology: IoT, Augmented and Virtual Reality Applications
Creators: name: Ioannidou, Irene
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Computer Engineering

description: Information Technology is playing a vital role in all fields and sectors of the modern hyper-connected society, making a significant contribution to Sports Science. With the adoption of the latest technology, all aspects of the modern sports field are enchanted, including broadcasting, monitoring, training, coaching, motion tracking and physical education. The IoT (Internet of Things) and Big Data paradigms have enabled access to important analytics and risk monitoring to diagnose and protect athletes from injuries, as well as real and near-real time 3d trajectory tracking, so that performances can be read out even from a smartphone screen by anyone, anywhere and most importantly, anytime. Applications of Augmented Reality technology can create fast visual enhancements to present important information regarding athletes, rankings and statistics to coaches or interested viewers of sport events. Sport oriented Virtual Reality applications, from three dimensional virtual broadcastings to immersive sport trainings and games, are also being rapidly developed, achieving to become an important, inter-disciplinary tool, for Sports Science. This paper is a comparative review that outlines the function and effects of the contemporary, scientifically established, applications of information technology in the sports sector and aims to underline the important advantages of their adoption.
Evaluation of low power sonication on anaerobic digestion of municipal waste sludge and energy recovery
Creators: name: Islam, Fahmida
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Ultrasound is one of the emerging pre-treatment technologies to enhance anaerobic digestion process, however high energy input requirement is a concern. This study investigated a low power sonication pre-treatment on anaerobic digestion under thermophilic (55⁰C) and mesophilic (35⁰C) digester temperatures. Low ultrasonic densities (0.08 to 0.25 W/mL) and specific energies (1,211 to 15,094 kJ/kg total solids (TS)) were applied to thickened waste activated sludge (TWAS) from Kelowna’s wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) to determine optimal sludge disintegration (solubilisation) conditions. At 0.25 W/mL and 11,343 kJ/kg TS, maximum solubilisation of organic matters and highest particle size reduction were observed. Following solubilisation, anaerobic digesters utilizing a mixture of primary sludge and pre-treated TWAS indicated that at shorter digestion solid retention times (SRT), the sonication effect on biogas production under mesophilic conditions was more pronounced. In an organic loading rate range of 1.8~6.8 g volatile solids (VS)/L of digester/d), corresponding to SRTs of 20-5 days, thermophilic digesters exhibited process instability with an increase in organic loading as well as ultrasound intensity applied due to reduced microbial diversity of methane formers at elevated temperatures. On the other hand, thermophilic digesters were more successful in fecal coliform destruction than mesophilic digesters due to elevated temperatures. Sonication enhanced dewaterability for mesophilic digesters (sonicated at 4163 and 8153 kJ/Kg TS) at higher SRTs and all thermophilic pre-treated digesters at 20 day SRT. However, sonication did not reduce odour causing volatile sulfur compounds in headspace of digesters. In an energy feasibility study, at 20 day and 10 day SRTs for all the digestion systems, the energy balance came out positive due to higher volume of biogas (methane) generated. Overall, among all digestion systems, the mesophilic digester (sonicated at 4063 kJ/kg TS) showed the highest stability at the shortest SRT of 5 days with significant (80%) increase in gas production and organic removal efficiency over control (un-pre-treated) digester. However, the results also indicated that at longer (safer) SRTs 10 and 20 days, low power sonication pre-treatment (2042 to 8153 kJ/kg TS) did not represent substantial benefits in terms of organic removals, biogas production, fecal coliform destruction or enhancement in dewaterability.
MPEC 2023-H200 : 2023 HO5
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 HO5

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
title: An Investigation into Taiwanese Music College Students’ Self-Management of Musical Performance Anxiety
Creators: name: Huang, W. L.
Publisher: name: Royal College of Music
Year: 2019

description: Taiwan has many high-level music colleges that prepare students for performance and teaching careers. These music colleges are competitive environments in which students are potentially learning to cope with musical performance anxiety (MPA). MPA has been widely researched in recent years. Studies have found that college musicians use their own unique coping strategies or rely on past experiences of coping with MPA to manage it. Nevertheless, literature that focuses on MPA self-management is still limited. The aim of this thesis is to fill this gap by investigating the ways in which MPA is self-managed by Taiwanese college musicians (TCMs). The research questions are:
1) How do TCMs define and perceive MPA?
2) How do TCMs self-manage MPA?
3) What strategies for managing MPA do the TCMs believe they
will use with their students when they carry out teaching as part of their future portfolio careers?
Fifty-three undergraduates were recruited from a music college in Taiwan. Each participant was interviewed before all of their performances taking place in one semester: formal concert, exam, and graduate recital. The data was analysed through a qualitative approach by using thematic analysis in order to examine the strategies used and the process of managing MPA. The findings are presented as four themes:
1) Strategies used in preparation for different types of performance, during different time periods of preparation and performance.
2) Strategies in context: people and places.
3) Understanding the strategies: metacognition in musical
learning and managing MPA.
4) MPA self-management and the teaching–learning cycle.
Results revealed that it is possible for TCMs to self-manage their MPA through developing metacognitive processes with support networks in the conservatoire environment and with various external resources. However, information on MPA-coping strategies are like pieces of a puzzle that are scattered rather than being coherently fitted together. Therefore, recommendations for further research and applications to practice are made.
Visualisation and Analysis Challenges for WALLABY
Creators: name: Fluke, Christopher J.
name: Barnes, David G.
name: Hassan, Amr H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Visualisation and analysis of terabyte-scale datacubes, as will be produced with the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP), will pose challenges for existing astronomy software and the work practices of astronomers. Focusing on the proposed outcomes of WALLABY (Widefield ASKAP L-Band Legacy All-Sky Blind Survey), and using lessons learnt from HIPASS (HI Parkes All Sky Survey), we identify issues that astronomers will face with WALLABY data cubes. We comment on potential research directions and possible solutions to these challenges.
description: 6 pages, accepted for publication in Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on e-Science Workshops (Brisbane, Australia, December 2010)
Motion Detection Notification System by Short Messaging Service Using Network Camera and Global System for Mobile Modem
Creators: name: Mohd, Mohd Norzali Haji
name: Wahab, Mohd Helmy Bin Abd
name: Ariffin, Siti Khairulnisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As the technology rapidly grows, the trend is clear that the use of mobile devices is gain an attention nowadays, thus designing a system by integrating it with notification feature is becoming an important aspect especially in tracking and monitoring system. Conventional security surveillance systems require the constant attention from the user, to monitor the location concurrently. In order to reduce the cost of computing power and advance technology of mobile phone in widespread acceptance of the Internet as a viable communication medium, this paper is aimed to design a low cost web-based system as a platform to view the image captured. When the network camera detects any movement from the intruders, it automatically captures the image and sends it to the database of the web-based directly by the network through File Transfer Protocol (FTP). The camera is attached through an Ethernet connection and power source. Therefore, the camera can be viewed from either standard Web browser or cell phone. Nowadays, when a security camera is installed, user is notified as long as the camera is switched on since any slight movement requires the attention of the supervisor. The utility of the system has proven theoretically. This system will also notify the user by sending a notification through Short Messages Services (SMS).
description: Submitted to Journal of Computer Science and Engineering, see http://sites.google.com/site/jcseuk/volume-1-issue-1-may-2010
Optimal Discrete Riesz Energy and Discrepancy
Creators: name: Brauchart, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 11K38

description: The Riesz $s$-energy of an $N$-point configuration in the Euclidean space $\mathbb{R}^{p}$ is defined as the sum of reciprocal $s$-powers of all mutual distances in this system. In the limit $s\to0$ the Riesz $s$-potential $1/r^s$ ($r$ the Euclidean distance) governing the point interaction is replaced with the logarithmic potential $\log(1/r)$. In particular, we present a conjecture for the leading term of the asymptotic expansion of the optimal $\IL_2$-discrepancy with respect to spherical caps on the unit sphere in $\mathbb{R}^{d+1}$ which follows from Stolarsky's invariance principle [Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 41 (1973)] and the fundamental conjecture for the first two terms of the asymptotic expansion of the optimal Riesz $s$-energy of $N$ points as $N \to \infty$.
description: 8 pages
Additional file 14 of A predatory myxobacterium controls cucumber Fusarium wilt by regulating the soil microbial community
Creators: name: Ye, Xianfeng
name: Li, Zhoukun
name: Luo, Xue
name: Wang, Wenhui
name: Li, Yongkai
name: Li, Rui
name: Zhang, Bo
name: Qiao, Yan
name: Zhou, Jie
name: Fan, Jiaqin
name: Wang, Hui
name: Huang, Yan
name: Cao, Hui
name: Cui, Zhongli
name: Zhang, Ruifu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 14: Table S7. Statistical analysis of the relative abundance of predatory bacteria in different treatment groups. Note: NT, no FOC or strain EGB solid culture, EGB, strain EGB solid culture only; EGBFOC, both FOC and EGB solid culture; FOC, FOC only. Data were expressed as the means ± standard deviations in each treatment. In the same row, values followed by the same letters are not significantly different at p ≤0.05 according to Duncan’s test.
The Spectroscopic Classification and Explosion Properties of SN2009nz Associated with GRB091127 at z=0.490
Creators: name: Berger, E.
name: Chornock, R.
name: Holmes, T. R.
name: Foley, R. J.
name: Cucchiara, A.
name: Wolf, C.
name: Podsiadlowski, Ph.
name: Fox, D. B.
name: Roth, K. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present spectroscopic observations of GRB091127 (z=0.490) at the peak of the putative associated supernova, SN2009nz. Subtracting a late-time spectrum of the host galaxy, we isolate the contribution of SN2009nz and uncover broad features typical of nearby GRB-SNe. This establishes unambiguously that GRB091127 was accompanied by a broad-lined Type Ic SN, and links a cosmological long burst with a standard energy release (E_gamma,iso ~ 1.1e52 erg) to a massive star progenitor. The spectrum of SN2009nz closely resembles that of SN2006aj, with SN2003dh also providing an acceptable match, but has significantly narrower features than SNe 1998bw and 2010bh, indicative of a lower expansion velocity. The photospheric velocity inferred from the SiII 6355 absorption feature, v_ph ~ 17,000 km/s, is indeed closer to that of SNe 2006aj and 2003dh than to the other GRB-SNe. Combining the measured velocity with the light curve peak brightness and width, we estimate the following explosion parameters: M_Ni ~ 0.35 M_sun, E_K ~ 2.3e51 erg, and M_ej ~ 1.4 M_sun, similar to those of SN2006aj. These properties indicate that SN2009nz follows a trend of lower M_Ni for GRB-SNe with lower E_K and M_ej. Equally important, since GRB091127 is a typical cosmological burst, the similarity of SN2009nz to SN2006aj either casts doubt on the claim that XRF060218/SN2006aj was powered by a neutron star, or indicates that the nature of the central engine is encoded in the SN properties but not in the prompt emission. Future spectra of GRB-SNe at z > 0.3, including proper subtraction of the host galaxy contribution, will shed light on the full dispersion of SN properties for standard long GRBs, on the relation between SNe associated with sub-energetic and standard GRBs, and on a potential dispersion in the associated SN types.
description: Submitted to ApJ; 11 pages; 2 tables; 4 figures; emulateapj style
MPEC 2023-H201 : 2023 HP5
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 HP5

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Exploring the fragile antiferromagnetic superconducting phase in CeCoIn5
Creators: name: Blackburn, E.
name: Das, P.
name: Eskildsen, M. R.
name: Forgan, E. M.
name: Laver, M.
name: Niedermayer, C.
name: Petrovic, C.
name: White, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CeCoIn5 is a heavy fermion Type-II superconductor which exhibits clear indications of Pauli-limited superconductivity. A variety of measurements give evidence for a transition at high magnetic fields inside the superconducting state, when the field is applied either parallel to or perpendicular to the c axis. When the field is perpendicular to the c axis, antiferromagnetic order is observed on the high-field side of the transition, with a magnetic wavevector of (q q 0.5), where q = 0.44 reciprocal lattice units. We show that this order remains as the magnetic field is rotated out of the basal plane, but the associated moment eventually disappears above 17 degrees, indicating that the anomalies seen with the field parallel to the c axis are not related to this magnetic order. We discuss the implications of this finding.
description: Accepted Physical Review Letters, September 2010. 4 pages, 4 figures
Chameleons in imagined conversations: A new approach to understanding coordination of linguistic style in dialogs
Creators: name: Danescu-Niculescu-Mizil, Cristian
name: Lee, Lillian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: I.2.7; J.4

description: Conversational participants tend to immediately and unconsciously adapt to each other's language styles: a speaker will even adjust the number of articles and other function words in their next utterance in response to the number in their partner's immediately preceding utterance. This striking level of coordination is thought to have arisen as a way to achieve social goals, such as gaining approval or emphasizing difference in status. But has the adaptation mechanism become so deeply embedded in the language-generation process as to become a reflex? We argue that fictional dialogs offer a way to study this question, since authors create the conversations but don't receive the social benefits (rather, the imagined characters do). Indeed, we find significant coordination across many families of function words in our large movie-script corpus. We also report suggestive preliminary findings on the effects of gender and other features; e.g., surprisingly, for articles, on average, characters adapt more to females than to males.
description: data available at http://www.cs.cornell.edu/~cristian/movies
An Effective Fingerprint Verification Technique
Creators: name: Gogoi, Minakshi
name: Bhattacharyya, D K
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents an effective method for fingerprint verification based on a data mining technique called minutiae clustering and a graph-theoretic approach to analyze the process of fingerprint comparison to give a feature space representation of minutiae and to produce a lower bound on the number of detectably distinct fingerprints. The method also proving the invariance of each individual fingerprint by using both the topological behavior of the minutiae graph and also using a distance measure called Hausdorff distance.The method provides a graph based index generation mechanism of fingerprint biometric data. The self-organizing map neural network is also used for classifying the fingerprints.
description: Submitted to Journal of Computer Science and Engineering, see http://sites.google.com/site/jcseuk/volume-1-issue-1-may-2010
rev_sconf2_ioannidou.pdf
Creators: name: Ioannidou, Irene
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Computer Engineering

description: Information Technology is playing a vital role in all fields and sectors of the modern hyper-connected society, making a significant contribution to Sports Science. With the adoption of the latest technology, all aspects of the modern sports field are enchanted, including broadcasting, monitoring, training, coaching, motion tracking and physical education. The IoT (Internet of Things) and Big Data paradigms have enabled access to important analytics and risk monitoring to diagnose and protect athletes from injuries, as well as real and near-real time 3d trajectory tracking, so that performances can be read out even from a smartphone screen by anyone, anywhere and most importantly, anytime. Applications of Augmented Reality technology can create fast visual enhancements to present important information regarding athletes, rankings and statistics to coaches or interested viewers of sport events. Sport oriented Virtual Reality applications, from three dimensional virtual broadcastings to immersive sport trainings and games, are also being rapidly developed, achieving to become an important, inter-disciplinary tool, for Sports Science. This paper is a comparative review that outlines the function and effects of the contemporary, scientifically established, applications of information technology in the sports sector and aims to underline the important advantages of their adoption.
Additional file 16 of A predatory myxobacterium controls cucumber Fusarium wilt by regulating the soil microbial community
Creators: name: Ye, Xianfeng
name: Li, Zhoukun
name: Luo, Xue
name: Wang, Wenhui
name: Li, Yongkai
name: Li, Rui
name: Zhang, Bo
name: Qiao, Yan
name: Zhou, Jie
name: Fan, Jiaqin
name: Wang, Hui
name: Huang, Yan
name: Cao, Hui
name: Cui, Zhongli
name: Zhang, Ruifu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 16: Table S8. Bacterial prey species used in the predation experiments. Note: Strains were maintained in our laboratory at -80°C with 15% glycerol (Sigma, Japan) as a cryoprotectant.
Essays in business cycle economics
Creators: name: Galizia, Dana
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: This thesis contains three distinct chapters that contribute to our understanding of the causes and consequences of business cycles. Modern business-cycle models generally feature several different random shock processes that drive business cycles. Being able to reliably evaluate the individual importance of any one these shocks depends importantly on having accurate estimates of the variances of the shocks. In the first chapter, it is shown that when a model is a poor approximation to the data, typical variance estimates are biased upward. A simple procedure to identify and partially correct for these effects is proposed. Applying this procedure to a recent paper from the literature reduces the estimated variances by as much as a third of their respective naive estimates. The second chapter explores a view of recessions (typically associated with Friedrich Hayek) whereby, after a period of rapid accumulation of houses, consumer durables and business capital, the economy goes through a period of needed liquidation that results in a decline in economic activity. An alternative (typically associated with Keynes) that is often contrasted with this liquidation view is that recessions are times of deficient demand. These two views have opposite implications for fiscal policy: in the first, fiscal policy simply prolongs the needed adjustment, while in the second fiscal policy can prop up demand. This chapter argues that the two views may be more closely linked than previously recognized, in that liquidations can produce periods where the economy is characterized by deficient demand. The final chapter presents a model in which business-cycle booms and busts are inherently related, whereby a boom causes a subsequent bust, which in turn leads to another boom, and so on. In particular, it is shown how a purely deterministic model can produce fluctuations that persist indefinitely. These cycles exactly repeat themselves, while in the data business cycles are somewhat irregular. It is shown that by adding a small amount of random variation to the model, it is capable of replicating business cycle features in the data well, including their irregularity.
Additional file 2 of A predatory myxobacterium controls cucumber Fusarium wilt by regulating the soil microbial community
Creators: name: Ye, Xianfeng
name: Li, Zhoukun
name: Luo, Xue
name: Wang, Wenhui
name: Li, Yongkai
name: Li, Rui
name: Zhang, Bo
name: Qiao, Yan
name: Zhou, Jie
name: Fan, Jiaqin
name: Wang, Hui
name: Huang, Yan
name: Cao, Hui
name: Cui, Zhongli
name: Zhang, Ruifu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Utilization of maltose by strain EGB.
Supersolid phases of dipolar bosons in optical lattices with a staggered flux
Creators: name: Tieleman, O.
name: Lazarides, A.
name: Smith, C. Morais
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the theoretical mean-field zero-temperature phase diagram of a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) with dipolar interactions loaded into an optical lattice with a staggered flux. Apart from uniform superfluid, checkerboard supersolid and striped supersolid phases, we identify several supersolid phases with staggered vortices, which can be seen as combinations of supersolid phases found in earlier work on dipolar BECs and a staggered-vortex phase found for bosons in optical lattices with staggered flux. By allowing for different phases and densities on each of the four sites of the elementary plaquette, more complex phase patterns are found.
description: 11 pages; added references, minor changes in text
Black hole growth in the early Universe is self-regulated and largely hidden from view
Creators: name: Treister, Ezequiel
name: Schawinski, Kevin
name: Volonteri, Marta
name: Natarajan, Priyamvada
name: Gawiser, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation of the first massive objects in the infant Universe remains impossible to observe directly and yet it sets the stage for the subsequent evolution of galaxies. While some black holes with masses > billion solar masses? have been detected in luminous quasars less than one billion years after the Big Bang, these individual extreme objects have limited utility in constraining the channels of formation of the earliest black holes. The initial conditions of black hole seed properties are quickly erased during the growth process. From deep, optimally stacked, archival X-ray observations, we measure the amount of black hole growth in z=6-8 galaxies (0.7-1 billion years after the Big Bang). Our results imply that black holes grow in tandem with their hosts throughout cosmic history, starting from the earliest times. We find that most copiously accreting black holes at these epochs are buried in significant amounts of gas and dust that absorb most radiation except for the highest energy X-rays. This suggests that black holes grow significantly more than previously thought during these early bursts, and due to obscuration they do not contribute to the re-ionization of the Universe with their ultraviolet emission.
description: Nature, in press
Holographic Sign Language Interpreter: A User Interaction Study within Mixed Reality Classroom
Creators: name: Yang, Fu Chia
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Computer graphics
Virtual and mixed reality
Human-computer interaction

description: An application was developed to explore user interactions with the holographic sign language interpreters within HoloLens MR classrooms for Deaf and Hard of Hearing (DHH) students. The proposed system aims to enhance DHH students’ learning efficacy. Despite the ongoing advancement of assistive technology and the trend to adopt Mixed Reality applications into education, not much existing research provides user study or design guidelines for HoloLens development targeting the DHH community. The developed HoloLens application projects a holographic American Sign Language (ASL) avatar that signs the lecture while a speaking instructor is teaching. The usability test focused on avatar manipulation (move, rotate, and resize) and avatar framing (full-body and half-body displays) within the MR classroom. A mixed-method approach was used to analyze quantitative and qualitative data through test recordings, surveys, and interviews. The result shows user preferences toward viewing holographic signing avatars in the MR space and user acceptability toward such applications
An Exploration of the Virtual Digital Twin Capture for Spatial Tasks and its Applications
Creators: name: Reddy, Vedapalle Sri Sai Swarup
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Mechanical engineering not elsewhere classified
Human-computer interaction

description: Our generation is currently at the juncture of the fourth industrial revolution - Industry 4.0. Emergent technology such as Augmented Reality (AR), Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), cloud computing, big data, and ore are at the center of this. Amidst all these, the concept of digital Twinning is a promising technology for realizing Industry 4.0. Simply put, a Digital Twin is a virtual representation of a real task, action, or object. This thesis explores the parameters and details required to generate a Digital Twin. Using these insights, we propose two applications that utilize digital twinning - EditAR and AnnotateXR. EditAR is an AR workflow for authoring kinesthetic instructions for spatial tasks. AnnotateXR is an Extended Reality (XR) workflow for automating data annotation to support multiple Computer Vision (CV) applications. We evaluate these systems through user studies and report the results on the usability and viability of these workflows. From an evaluation study, EditAR received an average system usability score (SUS) of 82.0. Over the course of a user study, using AnnotateXR, users were able to generate a total of 112,737 semantically segmented images and 144 videos annotated for action segmentation in 66.55 minutes. AnnotateXR received an average SUS score of 91.0.
Di-hadron correlations at RHIC
Creators: name: Nattrass, Christine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Di-hadron correlations have been used to study jets at RHIC and have yielded rich insight into the properties of the medium. Studies show that the near-side peak of high-pT triggered correlations can be decomposed into two parts, a jet-like correlation and the ridge. The jet-like correlation is narrow in both azimuth and pseudorapidity and has properties consistent with vacuum fragmentation, while the ridge is narrow in azimuth but broad in pseudorapidity and roughly independent of pseudorapidity. The energy, system, and particle composition of the jet-like correlation and the ridge are discussed. Data indicate that the jet-like correlation is dominantly produced by vacuum fragmentation. Attempts have been made to explain the production of the ridge component as coming from recombination, momentum kicks, and QCD magnetic fields. However, few models have attempted to quantitatively calculate the characteristics of the ridge. The wealth of data should help distinguish models for the production mechanism of the ridge. Implications for studies of the jet-like correlation and the ridge at the LHC are discussed.
description: 8 figures, proceedings from the 2010 International Workshop on the Interplay between soft and hard interactions, submitted to Il Nuovo Cimento C
title: 'Unhappy news': the construction of happiness as a social problem in UK newspapers
Creators: name: Frawley, Ashley
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2021

description: Interest in happiness has seen an unprecedented growth in both popular and scholarly writing, in the mass media, and has been institutionalised into the policy and practice of a wide array of institutions. Both implicit and explicit in this rising interest is the notion that happiness re presents a serious problem requiring the intervention of a range of professional and political powers. The rapid and widespread affirmation that claims about happiness have received warrants critical examination. This study examines the construction of happiness as a socia l problem in four major UK newspapers, from the perfunctory evocations of the past to the present-day project of redefining the id iom as the legitimate domain ,of expertise and campaigns to bring it to the forefront of public debate. With theo retica l too ls drawn from the constructionist study of social problems and methodological tools garnered from qualitative media analysis, it examines the roles played by various claimsmakers in the construction of the problem and the rhetoric mobilised in support of their cause. It offers important insights into the ascendance of happiness onto the public agenda and identifies some of the underlying cultural currents on which claims about happiness draw and which make it a particularly powerful idiom th rough which to conceptualise contemporary social problems.
Childhood mortality from acute infectious diseases in Uganda : studies in sepsis and post-discharge mortality
Creators: name: Wiens, Matthew Owen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Background and objectives: The fourth Millennium Development Goal to reduce childhood mortality by two-thirds will not be achieved in most countries of sub-Saharan Africa. Infectious diseases are the most common cause of death in these children. A significant period of vulnerability occurs in the weeks and months following discharge. We sought to characterize mortality both in-hospital and post-discharge in children admitted with infectious diseases and develop prediction models for these outcomes. Methods: The primary study was a cohort study of children 6 months to 5 years of age admitted with proven or suspected infections. Children were followed throughout hospitalization and until six months post-discharge. Prediction models for in-hospital and post-discharge mortality were developed using standard logistic regression techniques. A further prospective cohort study was conducted to determine morbidity, mortality and health seeking following pediatric outpatient department visits in a rural health facility. Results: The primary cohort study enrolled 1307 subjects who were admitted with a proven or suspected infection. Sixty five (5.0%) children died in hospital and 61 (4.9%) of children died during the six month post-discharge period. Parsimonious models were developed for both in-hospital and post-discharge mortality. Variables for in-hospital prediction included Blantyre coma score, weight for age z-score, and HIV status. Variables for post-discharge prediction included Blantyre coma score, mid-upper arm circumference, HIV status, oxygen saturation and time since last hospitalization. Both models performed well with areas under of receiver operating characteristics curve of 0.85 and 0.80, respectively. Most (65%) post-discharge deaths occurred outside of a hospital. The secondary study of out-patient department visits included 717 sick-child visits and found that mortality and subsequent admission over 30 days occurs after approximately 2% of visits. Health seeking occurred in 7% of sick-child visits. No baseline clinical factors were associated with outcomes following these visits. Interpretation: The derived models can be used to develop effective interventions to improve in-hospital care, referral of admitted subjects to higher levels of care, and post-discharge care. Further research is required to better understand health seeking following out-patient department visits.
THE MEMBRANE BLOCK TO POLYSPERMY IN MAMMALIAN EGGS; ANALYSES OF CALCIUM SIGNALING AND ACTIN DYNAMICS DURING FERTILIZATION
Creators: name: Branca, Nicole Leigh
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry and cell biology not elsewhere classified
subject: Cell development, proliferation and death
subject: Reproduction
subject: FOS: Medical biotechnology

description: When mammalian eggs are fertilized, they undergo an egg-to-embryo transition during which different egg activation events take place. Egg activation events include the establishment of blocks to polyspermy, which prevent multiple sperm from fertilizing an egg. One of these blocks to polyspermy occurs at the level of the egg plasma membrane (the membrane block to polyspermy). Previous work in our lab provides evidence that the mammalian membrane block to polyspermy is mediated by sperm-induced calcium signaling and the egg’s actomyosin cytoskeleton (McAvey et al., 2002). This thesis research builds upon this foundation, testing hypotheses about two specific effector molecules, one involved in calcium signaling and one with the actin cytoskeleton, and also developing the use of an actin probe for live-cell imaging, with the goal of imaging actin dynamics in eggs undergoing fertilization. Specifically, we examined the calcium effector molecule Ca2+/Calmodulin-dependent-protein kinase IIg (CaMKIIg), based on previous studies showing that CaMKII plays a role in the membrane block (Gardner et al., 2007) and that the g isoform of CaMKII is necessary and sufficient for eggs to complete meiosis (Backs et al., 2010). We tested the hypothesis that CaMKIIg would mediate the membrane block to polyspermy but found that egg activation driven by expression of a constitutively active form of CaMKIIg was not sufficient to establish the membrane block. Our studies of the actin cytoskeleton focused on the Arp2/3 complex as a candidate. We tested the hypothesis that Arp2/3, which mediates actin filament branching, was involved in membrane block establishment, building on the finding that disruption of actin with the drug cytochalasin D impairs the membrane block (McAvey et al., 2022). These studies used the Arp2/3 inhibitor CK666, predicting that we would see increased sperm incorporation in CK666-treated eggs. However, an assay of sperm incorporation over time indicated that Arp2/3 may not play a significant role in the membrane block to polyspermy, although follow-up studies will be beneficial. Lastly, the actin probe SiR- Actin was assessed for use on oocytes undergoing live-cell imaging during meiosis I and II. Oocytes were treated with differing concentrations of SiR-Actin and live cell imaged while maturing through meiosis I or completing meiosis II. Higher doses and longer exposure to SiR- Actin caused abnormalities in oocytes during meiosis I but not in eggs completing meiosis II. Together, this work sets the stage of a range of future studies into the mammalian membrane block to polyspermy.
Robust PI Control Design Using Particle Swarm Optimization
Creators: name: Tavakoli, Saeed
name: Banookh, Amir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a set of robust PI tuning formulae for a first order plus dead time process using particle swarm optimization. Also, tuning formulae for an integrating process with dead time, which is a special case of a first order plus dead time process, is given. The design problem considers three essential requirements of control problems, namely load disturbance rejection, setpoint regulation and robustness of closed-loop system against model uncertainties. The primary design goal is to optimize load disturbance rejection. Robustness is guaranteed by requiring that the maximum sensitivity is less than or equal to a specified value. In the first step, PI controller parameters are determined such that the IAE criterion to a load disturbance step is minimized and the robustness constraint on maximum sensitivity is satisfied. Using a structure with two degrees of freedom which introduces an extra parameter, the setpoint weight, good setpoint regulation is achieved in the second step. The main advantage of the proposed method is its simplicity. Once the equivalent first order plus dead time model is determined, the PI parameters are explicitly given by a set of tuning formulae. In order to show the performance and effectiveness of the proposed tuning formulae, they are applied to three simulation examples.
description: Submitted to Journal of Computer Science and Engineering, see http://sites.google.com/site/jcseuk/volume-1-issue-1-may-2010
Dimensionality-driven spin-flop transition in quasi-one-dimensional PrBa2Cu4O8
Creators: name: Xu, Xiaofeng
name: Carrington, A.
name: Coldea, A. I.
name: Enayati-Rad, A.
name: Narduzzo, A.
name: Horii, S.
name: Hussey, N. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the quasi-one-dimensional cuprate PrBa$_2$Cu$_4$O$_8$, the Pr cations order antiferromagnetically at 17 K in zero field. Through a combination of magnetic susceptibility, torque magnetometry, specific heat and interchain transport measurements, the anisotropic temperature-magnetic field phase diagram associated with this ordering has been mapped out. A low-temperature spin-flop transition in the Pr sub-lattice is found to occur at the same magnetic field strength and orientation as a dimensional crossover in the ground state of the metallic CuO chains. This coincidence suggests that the spin reorientation is driven by a change in the anisotropic Rudermann-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) interaction induced by a corresponding change in effective dimensionality of the conduction electrons.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures