cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Spurious Small-Scale Structure & Discreteness-Driven Relaxation in Cosmological Simulations
Creators: name: Power, Chris
name: Robotham, Aaron S. G.
name: Obreschkow, Danail
name: Hobbs, Alexander
name: Lewis, Geraint F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is strong evidence that cosmological N-body simulations dominated by Warm Dark Matter (WDM) contain spurious or unphysical haloes, most readily apparent as regularly spaced low-mass haloes strung along filaments. We show that spurious haloes are a feature of traditional N-body simulations of cosmological structure formation models, including WDM and Cold Dark Matter (CDM) models, in which gravitational collapse proceeds in an initially anisotropic fashion, and arises naturally as a consequence of discreteness-driven relaxation. We demonstrate this using controlled N-body simulations of plane-symmetric collapse and show that spurious haloes are seeded at shell crossing by localised velocity perturbations induced by the discrete nature of the density field, and that their characteristic separation should be approximately the mean inter-particle separation of the N-body simulation, which is fixed by the mass resolution within the volume. Using cosmological N-body simulations in which particles are split into two collisionless components of fixed mass ratio, we find that the spatial distribution of the two components show signatures of discreteness-driven relaxation in their spatial distribution on both large and small scales. Adopting a spline kernel gravitational softening that is of order the comoving mean inter-particle separation helps to suppress the effect of discreteness-driven relaxation, but cannot eliminate it completely. These results provide further motivation for recent developments of new algorithms, which include, for example, revisions of the traditional N-body approach by means of spatially adaptive anistropric gravitational softenings or explicit solutions for the evolution of dark matter in phase space.
description: 17 pages, 16 figures, to appear in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
A Classification Framework for Partially Observed Dynamical Systems
Creators: name: Shen, Yuan
name: Tino, Peter
name: Tsaneva-Atanasova, Krasimira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a general framework for classifying partially observed dynamical systems based on the idea of learning in the model space. In contrast to the existing approaches using model point estimates to represent individual data items, we employ posterior distributions over models, thus taking into account in a principled manner the uncertainty due to both the generative (observational and/or dynamic noise) and observation (sampling in time) processes. We evaluate the framework on two testbeds - a biological pathway model and a stochastic double-well system. Crucially, we show that the classifier performance is not impaired when the model class used for inferring posterior distributions is much more simple than the observation-generating model class, provided the reduced complexity inferential model class captures the essential characteristics needed for the given classification task.
Preparing K-12 Students to Meet their Data: Analyzing the Tools and Environments used in Introductory Data Science Contexts
Creators: name: Israel-Fishelson, Rotem
name: Moon, Peter F.
name: Tabak, Rachel
name: Weintrop, David
Publisher: name: Association for Computer Machinery (ACM)
Year: 2023
Subjects: data science education
data analysis tools
introductory data science

description: Data science education has gained momentum in recent years. Along with the development of curricula to teach data science, the number and diversity of tools for introducing data science to learners are also multiplying. The tools used to teach data science play a central role in shaping the learning experience. Therefore, it is important to carefully choose which tools to use to introduce learners to data science. This article presents a systematic review of 25 data science tools that are, or can be, used in introductory data science education for K-12 students. The identified tools list includes spreadsheets, visual analysis tools, and scripting environments. For each tool, we examine facets of its capabilities, interactions, educational support, and accessibility. This paper advances our understanding of the current state of introductory data science environments and highlights opportunities for creating new tools to better prepare learners to navigate the data-rich world surrounding them.
A Hybrid Tensor-Expert-Data Parallelism Approach to Optimize Mixture-of-Experts Training
Creators: name: Singh, Siddarth
name: Ruwase, Olatunji
name: Awan, Ammar Ahmad
name: Rajbhandari, Samyam
name: He, Yuxiong
name: Bhatele, Abhinav
Publisher: name: Association for Computer Machinery (ACM)
Year: 2023
Subjects: parallel deep learning
mixture-of-experts
tensor parellelism
expert parallelism

description: Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) is a neural network architecture that adds sparsely activated expert blocks to a base model, increasing the number of parameters without impacting computational costs. However, current distributed deep learning frameworks are limited in their ability to train high-quality MoE models with large base models. In this work, we present DeepSpeed-TED, a novel, threedimensional, hybrid parallel algorithm that combines data, tensor, and expert parallelism to enable the training of MoE models with 4–8× larger base models than the current state-of-the-art. We also describe memory optimizations in the optimizer step, and communication optimizations that eliminate unnecessary data movement. We implement our approach in DeepSpeed and achieve speedups of 26% over a baseline (i.e. without our communication optimizations) when training a 40 billion parameter MoE model (6.7 billion base model with 16 experts) on 128 V100 GPUs.
Bounds on Multipartite Concurrence and Tangle
Creators: name: Wang, Jing
name: Li, Ming
name: Li, Hongfang
name: Fei, Shao-Ming
name: Li-Jost, Xianqing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analytical lower bound of multipartite concurrence based on the generalized Bloch representations of density matrices. It is shown that the lower bound can be used as an effective entanglement witness of genuine multipartite entanglement. Tight lower and upper bounds for multipartite tangles are also derived. Since the lower bounds depend on just part of the correlation tensors, the result is experimentally feasible.
description: 10 pages,no figure
D2.3 – Benchmark data for domain-specific and non-regression performance tests
Creators: name: Valensi, Cédric
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: QMC

description: One of the main goals of the TREX project is the implementation of optimised libraries for QMC computation (QMCkl) and I/O for interoperability and synergic applications of TREX codes as well as for use by other software packages outside TREX. A key ingredient to successfully accomplish the above target is ensuring that the libraries do provide an improvement in terms of performance, and not at the expense of accuracy. Also, since development is an ongoing process, it is vital to be able to detect early on if a new update caused regressions, in terms of accuracy, performance or stability. To address this concern, a set of benchmarks has been compiled. These benchmarks are intended to offer high-level tests, executable by users of the QMCkl or I/O libraries in order to check their installation as well as by developers of these libraries to detect any regression in terms of accuracy or performance. They will also allow monitoring of the overall evolution of performance during the development of the libraries. The present document is intended as a short user guide to this set of benchmarks. Its purpose is to describe how to exploit it along with the associated repository of performance reports, and how to add new benchmarks to the set. Chapter 2 recaps the content of the deliverable, chapter 3 defines how to use reference values for checking the benchmark results, chapter 4 presents the performance reports, and chapter 5 describes the necessary elements to provide for adding another benchmark to the list. Appendix A: presents the list of benchmarks, along with all necessary information for executing and analysing them. Appendix B: describes how to generate a performance analysis report for a benchmark. Finally, Appendix C: presents the correspondence between the existing reports and the benchmarks versions.
Gauge Mediation Models with Adjoint Messengers
Creators: name: Gogoladze, Ilia
name: Mustafayev, Azar
name: Shafi, Qaisar
name: Un, Cem Salih
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a class of models in the framework of gauge mediation supersymmetry breaking where the messenger fields transform in the adjoint representation of the Standard Model gauge symmetry. To avoid unacceptably light right-handed sleptons in the spectrum we introduce a non-zero U(1)_B-L D-term. This leads to an additional contribution to the soft supersymmetry breaking mass terms which makes the right-handed slepton masses compatible with the current experimental bounds. We show that in this framework the observed 125 GeV Higgs boson mass can be accommodated with the sleptons accessible at the LHC, while the squarks and gluinos lie in the multi-TeV range. We also discuss the issue of the fine-tuning and show that the desired relic dark matter abundance can also be accommodated.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1509.07906
On Diophantine transference principles
Creators: name: Ghosh, Anish
name: Marnat, Antoine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide an extension of the transference results of Beresnevich and Velani connecting homogeneous and inhomogeneous Diophantine approximation on manifolds and provide bounds for inhomogeneous Diophantine exponents of affine subspaces and their nondegenerate submanifolds.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:0802.1837 by other authors
Minimising Dirichlet eigenvalues on cuboids of unit measure
Creators: name: Berg, Michiel van den
name: Gittins, Katie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J20, 35P99

description: We consider the minimisation of Dirichlet eigenvalues $λ_k$, $k \in \N$, of the Laplacian on cuboids of unit measure in $\R^3$. We prove that any sequence of optimal cuboids in $\R^3$ converges to a cube of unit measure in the sense of Hausdorff as $k \rightarrow \infty$.
description: 11 pages
Approximate, Adapt, Anonymize (3A): a Framework for Privacy Preserving Training Data Release for Machine Learning
Creators: name: Madl, Tamas
name: Xu, Weijie
name: Choudhury, Olivia
name: Howard, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.4
subject: 62-08

description: The availability of large amounts of informative data is crucial for successful machine learning. However, in domains with sensitive information, the release of high-utility data which protects the privacy of individuals has proven challenging. Despite progress in differential privacy and generative modeling for privacy-preserving data release in the literature, only a few approaches optimize for machine learning utility: most approaches only take into account statistical metrics on the data itself and fail to explicitly preserve the loss metrics of machine learning models that are to be subsequently trained on the generated data. In this paper, we introduce a data release framework, 3A (Approximate, Adapt, Anonymize), to maximize data utility for machine learning, while preserving differential privacy. We also describe a specific implementation of this framework that leverages mixture models to approximate, kernel-inducing points to adapt, and Gaussian differential privacy to anonymize a dataset, in order to ensure that the resulting data is both privacy-preserving and high utility. We present experimental evidence showing minimal discrepancy between performance metrics of models trained on real versus privatized datasets, when evaluated on held-out real data. We also compare our results with several privacy-preserving synthetic data generation models (such as differentially private generative adversarial networks), and report significant increases in classification performance metrics compared to state-of-the-art models. These favorable comparisons show that the presented framework is a promising direction of research, increasing the utility of low-risk synthetic data release for machine learning.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, AAAI Workshop
Bifurcations observed in the spectra of coupled electron-phonon modes in multiferroic $PrFe_3(BO_3)_4$ subjected to a magnetic field
Creators: name: Boldyrev, K. N.
name: Stanislavchuk, T. N.
name: Sirenko, A. A.
name: Kamenskyi, D.
name: Bezmaternykh, L. N.
name: Popova, M. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on bifurcations effect mediated by the electron-phonon coupling in a concentrated rare-earth-containing antiferromagnet, observed in the spectra of coupled $4f$-electron-phonon modes under the influence of an external magnetic field. The effect was observed in the low-temperature far-infrared (terahertz) reflection spectra of a multiferroic easy-axis antiferromagnet $PrFe_3(BO_3)_4$ in magnetic fields $\textbf{B}_{ext}||c$. Both paramagnetic and magnetically ordered phases (including a spin-flop one) were studied in magnetic fields up to 30 T. We show that the field behavior of the coupled modes can be successfully explained and modeled on the base of the equation derived in the frame of the theory of coupled electron-phonon modes, with the same field-independent electron-phonon interaction constant $|W| = 14.8 cm^{-1}$.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
A Scoping Review of Non-Pharmacological Multi-Modal Interventions on Multi-domain Functions in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment
Creators: name: Haoshen Zhou
name: Chan, Chi Fung
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cognitive Psychology
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: The objective of this scoping review is to comprehensively map the current landscape of nonpharmacological multimodal interventions targeting older adults with MCI. By conducting this review, we aim to identify and summarize the range of interventions encompassing multiple modalities that have been employed for this specific population. The review will provide an overview of the existing literature, highlighting the types of interventions, their components, and the reported outcomes, ultimately contributing to a better understanding of the trends, components, and practicality of multimodal approaches for older adults with MCI. (1) What are the current trends in multi-modal interventions for older adults with MCI. (2) What are the components in the use of multi-modal interventions for older adults with MCI. (3) What domains have been assessed in multi-modal interventions for older adults with MCI? (4) What is the role of technology in interventions for older adults with MCI?
Unsaturated magnetoconductance of epitaxial La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 thin films in pulsed magnetic fields up to 60 T
Creators: name: Niu, Wei
name: Wang, Xuefeng
name: Gao, Ming
name: Xia, Zhengcai
name: Du, Jun
name: Nie, Yuefeng
name: Song, Fengqi
name: Xu, Yongbing
name: Zhang, Rong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the temperature and field dependence of resistance of La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 thin films over a wide temperature range and in pulsed magnetic fields up to 60 T. The epitaxial La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 thin films were deposited by laser molecular beam epitaxy. High magnetic field magnetoresistance curves were fitted by the Brillouin function, which indicated the existence of magnetically polarized regions and the underlying hopping mechanism. The unsaturated magnetoconductance was the most striking finding observed in pulsed magnetic fields up to 60 T. These observations can deepen the fundamental understanding of the colossal magnetoresistance in manganites with strong correlation of transport properties and magnetic ordering.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, AIP Advances (accepted)
Constraints on the Distance Moduli, Helium and Metal Abundances, and Ages of Globular Clusters from their RR Lyrae and Non-Variable Horizontal-Branch Stars. I. M3, M15, and M92
Creators: name: VandenBerg, Don A.
name: Denissenkov, Pavel A.
name: Catelan, Marcio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Up-to-date isochrones, zero-age horizontal branch (ZAHB) loci, and evolutionary tracks for core He-burning stars are applied to the color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) of M3, M15, and M92, focusing in particular on their RR Lyrae populations. Periods for ab- and c-type variables are calculated using the latest theoretical calibrations of log P_ab and log P_c as a function of luminosity, mass, effective temperature, and metallicity. Our models are generally able to reproduce the measured periods to well within the uncertainties implied by the stellar properties on which pulsation periods depend, as well as the mean periods and cluster-to-cluster differences in and , on the assumption of well-supported values of E(B-V), (m-M)_V, and [Fe/H]. While many of the RR Lyrae in M3 lie close to the same ZAHB that fits the faintest HB stars at bluer or redder colors, the M92 variables are all significantly evolved stars from ZAHB locations on the blue side of the instability strip. M15 appears to contain a similar population of HB stars as M92, along with additional helium-enhanced populations not present in the latter which comprise most of its RR Lyrae stars. The large number of variables in M15 and the similarity of the observed values of and in M15 and M92 can be explained by HB models that allow for variations in Y. Similar ages (~12.5 Gyr) are found for all three clusters, making them significantly younger than the field halo subgiant HD 140283. Our analysis suggests a preference for stellar models that take diffusive processes into account.
description: 24 pages, 22 figures; accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Effective Auxiliary Variables via Structured Reencoding
Creators: name: Haberlandt, Andrew
name: Green, Harrison
name: Heule, Marijn J. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Extended resolution shows that auxiliary variables are very powerful in theory. However, attempts to exploit this potential in practice have had limited success. One reasonably effective method in this regard is bounded variable addition (BVA), which automatically reencodes formulas by introducing new variables and eliminating clauses, often significantly reducing formula size. We find motivating examples suggesting that the performance improvement caused by BVA stems not only from this size reduction but also from the introduction of effective auxiliary variables. Analyzing specific packing-coloring instances, we discover that BVA is fragile with respect to formula randomization, relying on variable order to break ties. With this understanding, we augment BVA with a heuristic for breaking ties in a structured way. We evaluate our new preprocessing technique, Structured BVA (SBVA), on more than 29,000 formulas from previous SAT competitions and show that it is robust to randomization. In a simulated competition setting, our implementation outperforms BVA on both randomized and original formulas, and appears to be well-suited for certain families of formulas.
description: To be published in the proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Theory and Applications of Satisfiability Testing (SAT)
Inverted dipole feature in directional detection of exothermic dark matter
Creators: name: Bozorgnia, Nassim
name: Gelmini, Graciela B.
name: Gondolo, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Directional dark matter detection attempts to measure the direction of motion of nuclei recoiling after having interacted with dark matter particles in the halo of our Galaxy. Due to Earth's motion with respect to the Galaxy, the dark matter flux is concentrated around a preferential direction. An anisotropy in the recoil direction rate is expected as an unmistakable signature of dark matter. The average nuclear recoil direction is expected to coincide with the average direction of dark matter particles arriving to Earth. Here we point out that for a particular type of dark matter, inelastic exothermic dark matter, the mean recoil direction as well as a secondary feature, a ring of maximum recoil rate around the mean recoil direction, could instead be opposite to the average dark matter arrival direction. Thus, the detection of an average nuclear recoil direction opposite to the usually expected direction would constitute a spectacular experimental confirmation of this type of dark matter.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
Gamificación y formación del profesorado: percepciones del uso de la gamificación como herramienta de evaluación formativa.pdf
Creators: name: Urbina Velásquez, Lorena Maribel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 390307
subject: Teacher education and professional development of educators

description: La gamificación es el uso de mecánicas, elementos y técnicas de los juegos utilizadas en entornos no lúdicos como el ámbito educativo. Al usarla como herramienta de evaluación formativa, mejora el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje al proporcionar un feedback inmediato y motivar a los alumnos a alcanzar el aprendizaje significativo.
Self-Guiding of Electromagnetic Beams in Degenerate Relativistic Electron-Positron Plasma
Creators: name: Berezhiani, V. I.
name: Shatashvili, N. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possibility of self-trapped propagation of electromagnetic beams in the fully degenerate relativistic electron-positron plasma has been studied applying Fluid-Maxwell model; it is shown that dynamics of such beams can be described by the generalized Nonlinear Schrödinger equation with specific type of saturating nonlinearity. Existence of radially symmetric localized solitary structures is demonstrated. It is found that stable solitary structures exist for the arbitrary level of degeneracy.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures; Accepted for publication in Physics of Plasmas
General planar transverse domain walls realized by optimized transverse magnetic field pulses in magnetic biaxial nanowires
Creators: name: Li, Mei
name: Wang, Jianbo
name: Lu, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the realization of a planar transverse domain wall (TDW) with arbitrary tilting angle in a magnetic biaxial nanowire under a transverse magnetic field (TMF) pulse with fixed strength and optimized orientation profile. We smooth any twisting in azimuthal angle plane of a TDW and thus completely decouple the polar and azimuthal degrees of freedom. The analytical differential equation that describes the polar angle distribution is then derived and the resulting solution is not a Walker-ansatz form. With this optimized TMF pulse comoving, the field-driven dynamics of the planar TDW is investigated. It turns out the comoving TMF pulse increases the wall velocity under the same axial driving field. These results will help to design a series of modern logic and memory nanodevices based on general planar TDWs.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Siamese Learning-based Monarch Butterfly Localization
Creators: name: Shoouri, Sara
name: Yang, Mingyu
name: Carichner, Gordy
name: Li, Yuyang
name: Hamed, Ehab A.
name: Deng, Angela
name: Green, Delbert A.
name: Lee, Inhee
name: Blaauw, David
name: Kim, Hun-Seok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A new GPS-less, daily localization method is proposed with deep learning sensor fusion that uses daylight intensity and temperature sensor data for Monarch butterfly tracking. Prior methods suffer from the location-independent day length during the equinox, resulting in high localization errors around that date. This work proposes a new Siamese learning-based localization model that improves the accuracy and reduces the bias of daily Monarch butterfly localization using light and temperature measurements. To train and test the proposed algorithm, we use $5658$ daily measurement records collected through a data measurement campaign involving 306 volunteers across the U.S., Canada, and Mexico from 2018 to 2020. This model achieves a mean absolute error of $1.416^\circ$ in latitude and $0.393^\circ$ in longitude coordinates outperforming the prior method.
description: 2022 IEEE Data Science and Learning Workshop (DSLW)
Belle II studies of missing energy decays and searches for dark photon production
Creators: name: Inguglia, Gianluca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Belle II experiment at the SuperKEKB collider is a major upgrade of the KEK "$B$ factory" facility in Tsukuba, Japan. The machine is designed for an instantaneous luminosity of $8\times 10^{35}$~cm$^{-2}$\,s$^{-1}$, and the experiment is expected to accumulate a data sample of about 50 ab$^{-1}$ well within the next decade. With this amount of data, decays sensitive to physics beyond the Standard Model can be studied with unprecedented precision. One promising set of modes are physics processes with missing energy such as $B^+\toτ^+ν_τ$, $B\to D^{(*)}τν_τ$, and $B\to K^{(*)}ν\barν$ decays. The Belle II data also allows searches for candidates for the dark photon, the gauge mediator of a hypothetical dark sector, which has received much attention in the context of dark matter models.
description: Contribution to the proceedings of the XXIV International Workshop on Deep-Inelastic Scattering and Related Subjects
Rez. Beate Bossmanns, Ovid, ars amatoria. explica!
Creators: name: Wendt, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Latein und Griechisch in Nordrhein-Westfalen
Year: 2022

description: Latein und Griechisch in Nordrhein-Westfalen, Bd. 1 Nr. 1 (2020): Tag der offenen Tür
Falsification of a Vision-based Automatic Landing System
Creators: name: Shoouri, Sara
name: Jalili, Shayan
name: Xu, Jiahong
name: Gallagher, Isabelle
name: Zhang, Yuhao
name: Wilhelm, Joshua
name: Ozay, Necmiye
name: Jeannin, Jean-Baptiste
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: At smaller airports without an instrument approach or advanced equipment, automatic landing of aircraft is a safety-critical task that requires the use of sensors present on the aircraft. In this paper, we study falsification of an automatic landing system for fixed-wing aircraft using a camera as its main sensor. We first present an architecture for vision-based automatic landing, including a vision-based runway distance and orientation estimator and an associated PID controller. We then outline landing specifications that we validate with actual flight data. Using these specifications, we propose the use of the falsification tool Breach to find counterexamples to the specifications in the automatic landing system. Our experiments are implemented using a Beechcraft Baron 58 in the X-Plane flight simulator communicating with MATLAB Simulink.
description: AIAA Scitech 2021 Forum
Analyzing microbial communities and their biodegradation of multiple pharmaceuticals in membrane bioreactors
Creators: name: Suleiman, Marcel
name: Demaria, Francesca
name: Zimmardi, Cristina
name: Kolvenbach, Boris
name: Corvini, Philippe
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 600 - Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften

description: Abstract Pharmaceuticals are of concern to our planet and health as they can accumulate in the environment. The impact of these biologically active compounds on ecosystems is hard to predict, and information on their biodegradation is necessary to establish sound risk assessment. Microbial communities are promising candidates for the biodegradation of pharmaceuticals such as ibuprofen, but little is known yet about their degradation capacity of multiple micropollutants at higher concentrations (100 mg/L). In this work, microbial communities were cultivated in lab-scale membrane bioreactors (MBRs) exposed to increasing concentrations of a mixture of six micropollutants (ibuprofen, diclofenac, enalapril, caffeine, atenolol, paracetamol). Key players of biodegradation were identified using a combinatorial approach of 16S rRNA sequencing and analytics. Microbial community structure changed with increasing pharmaceutical intake (from 1 to 100 mg/L) and reached a steady-state during incubation for 7 weeks on 100 mg/L. HPLC analysis revealed a fluctuating but significant degradation (30–100%) of five pollutants (caffeine, paracetamol, ibuprofen, atenolol, enalapril) by an established and stable microbial community mainly composed of Achromobacter, Cupriavidus, Pseudomonas and Leucobacter. By using the microbial community from MBR1 as inoculum for further batch culture experiments on single micropollutants (400 mg/L substrate, respectively), different active microbial consortia were obtained for each single micropollutant. Microbial genera potentially responsible for degradation of the respective micropollutant were identified, i.e. Pseudomonas sp. and Sphingobacterium sp. for ibuprofen, caffeine and paracetamol, Sphingomonas sp. for atenolol and Klebsiella sp. for enalapril. Our study demonstrates the feasibility of cultivating stable microbial communities capable of degrading simultaneously a mixture of highly concentrated pharmaceuticals in lab-scale MBRs and the identification of microbial genera potentially responsible for the degradation of specific pollutants. Key points • Multiple pharmaceuticals were removed by stable microbial communities. • Microbial key players of five main pharmaceuticals were identified.
Concept2Box: Joint Geometric Embeddings for Learning Two-View Knowledge Graphs
Creators: name: Huang, Zijie
name: Wang, Daheng
name: Huang, Binxuan
name: Zhang, Chenwei
name: Shang, Jingbo
name: Liang, Yan
name: Wang, Zhengyang
name: Li, Xian
name: Faloutsos, Christos
name: Sun, Yizhou
name: Wang, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Knowledge graph embeddings (KGE) have been extensively studied to embed large-scale relational data for many real-world applications. Existing methods have long ignored the fact many KGs contain two fundamentally different views: high-level ontology-view concepts and fine-grained instance-view entities. They usually embed all nodes as vectors in one latent space. However, a single geometric representation fails to capture the structural differences between two views and lacks probabilistic semantics towards concepts' granularity. We propose Concept2Box, a novel approach that jointly embeds the two views of a KG using dual geometric representations. We model concepts with box embeddings, which learn the hierarchy structure and complex relations such as overlap and disjoint among them. Box volumes can be interpreted as concepts' granularity. Different from concepts, we model entities as vectors. To bridge the gap between concept box embeddings and entity vector embeddings, we propose a novel vector-to-box distance metric and learn both embeddings jointly. Experiments on both the public DBpedia KG and a newly-created industrial KG showed the effectiveness of Concept2Box.
Performance of Edgeless Silicon Pixel Sensors on p-type substrate for the ATLAS High-Luminosity Upgrade
Creators: name: Bomben, Marco
name: Bagolini, Alvise
name: Boscardin, Maurizio
name: Bosisio, Luciano
name: Calderini, Giovanni
name: Chauveau, Jacques
name: Ducourthial, Audrey
name: Giacomini, Gabriele
name: Marchiori, Giovanni
name: Zorzi, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In view of the LHC upgrade phases towards the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC), the ATLAS experiment plans to upgrade the Inner Detector with an all-silicon system. The n-on-p silicon technology is a promising candidate to achieve a large area instrumented with pixel sensors, since it is radiation hard and cost effective. The paper reports on the performance of novel n-on-p edgeless planar pixel sensors produced by FBK-CMM, making use of the active trench for the reduction of the dead area at the periphery of the device. After discussing the sensor technology an overview of the first beam test results will be given.
description: 4 pages, 9 figures, conference record of 2015 IEEE NSS, San Diego (CA), 31/10-7/11/2015
Rez. Christine Schmitz. Juvenal (Studienbücher Antike 16)
Creators: name: Ulrich, Heiko
Publisher: name: Latein und Griechisch in Nordrhein-Westfalen
Year: 2022

description: Latein und Griechisch in Nordrhein-Westfalen, Bd. 1 Nr. 1 (2020): Tag der offenen Tür
Deep Convolutional Neural Network Features and the Original Image
Creators: name: Parde, Connor J.
name: Castillo, Carlos
name: Hill, Matthew Q.
name: Colon, Y. Ivette
name: Sankaranarayanan, Swami
name: Chen, Jun-Cheng
name: O'Toole, Alice J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Face recognition algorithms based on deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs) have made progress on the task of recognizing faces in unconstrained viewing conditions. These networks operate with compact feature-based face representations derived from learning a very large number of face images. While the learned features produced by DCNNs can be highly robust to changes in viewpoint, illumination, and appearance, little is known about the nature of the face code that emerges at the top level of such networks. We analyzed the DCNN features produced by two face recognition algorithms. In the first set of experiments we used the top-level features from the DCNNs as input into linear classifiers aimed at predicting metadata about the images. The results show that the DCNN features contain surprisingly accurate information about the yaw and pitch of a face, and about whether the face came from a still image or a video frame. In the second set of experiments, we measured the extent to which individual DCNN features operated in a view-dependent or view-invariant manner. We found that view-dependent coding was a characteristic of the identities rather than the DCNN features - with some identities coded consistently in a view-dependent way and others in a view-independent way. In our third analysis, we visualized the DCNN feature space for over 24,000 images of 500 identities. Images in the center of the space were uniformly of low quality (e.g., extreme views, face occlusion, low resolution). Image quality increased monotonically as a function of distance from the origin. This result suggests that image quality information is available in the DCNN features, such that consistently average feature values reflect coding failures that reliably indicate poor or unusable images. Combined, the results offer insight into the coding mechanisms that support robust representation of faces in DCNNs.
description: Submitted to Face and Gesture Conference, 2017
Spin polarisation by current
Creators: name: Ganichev, Sergey D.
name: Trushin, Maxim
name: Schliemann, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is an overview of current-induced spin polarization in gyrotropic semiconductor nanostructures. Such a spin polarization as response to a charge current may be classified as the inverse of the spin-galvanic effect, and sometimes is called as magneto-electrical effect or Edelstein (Rashba-Edelstein) effect. Apart from reviewing the experimental status of affairs, we have provided a detailed theoretical description of both effects in terms of a phenomenological model of spin-dependent relaxation processes, and an alternative theoretical approach based on the quasi-classical Boltzmann equation.
description: 10 pages
Electron Emission Energy Barriers and Stability of $Sc_2O_3$ with Adsorbed Ba and Ba-O
Creators: name: Jacobs, Ryan M.
name: Booske, John H.
name: Morgan, Dane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study we employ Density Functional Theory (DFT) methods to investigate the surface energy barrier for electron emission (surface barrier) and thermodynamic stability of Ba and Ba-O species adsorption under conditions of high temperature (approximately 1200 K) and low pressure (approximately $10^{-10}$ Torr) on the low index surfaces of bixbyite $Sc_2O_3$. The role of Ba in lowering the cathode surface barrier is investigated via adsorption of atomic Ba and Ba-O dimers, where the highest simulated dimer coverage corresponds to a single monolayer film of rocksalt BaO. The change of the surface barrier of a semiconductor due to adsorption of surface species is decomposed into two parts: a surface dipole component and doping component. The lowest surface barrier with atomic Ba on $Sc_2O_3$ was found to be 2.12 eV and 2.04 eV for the (011) and (111) surfaces at 3 and 1 Ba atoms per surface unit cell (0.250 and 0.083 Ba per surface O), respectively. The lowest surface barrier for Ba-O on $Sc_2O_3$ was found to be 1.21 eV on (011) for a 7 Ba-O dimer-per-unit-cell coverage (0.583 dimers per surface O). Generally, we found that Ba in its atomic form on $Sc_2O_3$ surfaces is not stable relative to bulk BaO, while Ba-O dimer coverages between 3 to 7 Ba-O dimers per (011) surface unit cell (0.250 to 0.583 dimers per surface O) produce stable structures relative to bulk BaO. Ba-O dimer adsorption on $Sc_2O_3$ (111) surfaces was found to be unstable versus BaO over the full range of coverages studied. Investigation of combined n-type doping and surface dipole modification showed that their effects interact to yield a reduction less than the two contributions would yield separately.
Dynamic Control of Topological Defects in Artificial Colloidal Ice
Creators: name: Libal, A.
name: Nisoli, C.
name: Reichhardt, C.
name: Reichhardt, C. J. Olson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the use of an external field to stabilize and control defect lines connecting topological monopoles in spin ice. For definiteness we perform Brownian dynamics simulations with realistic units mimicking experimentally realized artificial colloidal spin ice systems, and show how defect lines can grow, shrink or move under the action of direct and alternating fields. Asymmetric alternating biasing fields can cause the defect line to ratchet in either direction, making it possible to precisely position the line at a desired location. Such manipulation could be employed to achieve fast, dense, and mobile information storage in these metamaterials.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
Rez. Flashar. Hellenistische Philosophie
Creators: name: Aretz, Susanne
Publisher: name: Latein und Griechisch in Nordrhein-Westfalen
Year: 2022

description: Latein und Griechisch in Nordrhein-Westfalen, Bd. 1 Nr. 1 (2020): Tag der offenen Tür
On the "usual" misunderstandings between econophysics and finance: some clarifications on modelling approaches and efficient market hypothesis
Creators: name: Ausloos, Marcel
name: Jovanovic, Franck
name: Schinckus, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: In line with the recent research and debates about econophysics and financial economics, this article discusses on usual misunderstandings between the two disciplines in terms of modelling and basic hypotheses. In the literature devoted to econophysics, the methodology used by financial economists is frequently considered as a top-down approach (starting from a priori "first principles") while econophysicists rather present themselves as scholars working with a (empirical data prone) bottom-up approach. Although this dualist perspective is very common in the econophysics literature, this paper claims that the distinction is very confusing and does not permit to reveal the essence of the differences between finance and econophysics. The distinction between these two fields is mainly investigated here through the lens of the Efficient Market Hypothesis in order to show that, in substance, econophysics and financial economics tend to have a similar approach implying that the misunderstanding between these two fields at the modelling level can therefore be overstepped.
description: 21 pages, 155 references; prepared for International Review of Financial Analysis
The Northern ω-Scorpiid meteoroid stream: orbits and emission spectra
Creators: name: Espartero, Francisco A.
name: Madiedo, José M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the activity of the Northern ω-Scorpiid meteor shower between 2010 and 2012. For this purpose we have employed an array of low-lux CCD video cameras and spectrographs deployed at different astronomical observatories in Spain. As a result of our survey, the atmospheric trajectory and radiant position of 11 of these meteor events were obtained. The tensile strength and orbital parameters of the progenitor meteoroids have been also calculated. The calculated orbital data and the behaviour of these meteoroids in the atmosphere are compatible with an asteroidal origin of this stream. In addition, we discuss a unique emission spectrum recorded for one of these meteors. This is, to our knowledge, the first North ω-Scorpiid spectrum discussed in the scientific literature, and it has provided information about the chemical nature of the meteoroid and the progenitor body.
description: Accepted for publication in Earth, Moon and Planets on 30 June 2016
Schatten properties of Toeplitz operators on the Paley-Wiener space
Creators: name: Bessonov, R. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 47B35, Secondary 46E39

description: We collect several old and new descriptions of Schatten class Toeplitz operators on the Paley-Wiener space and answer a question on discrete Hilbert transform commutators posed by Richard Rochberg.
description: 16 pages
Fermi level position, Coulomb gap, and Dresselhaus splitting in (Ga,Mn)As
Creators: name: Souma, S.
name: Chen, L.
name: Oszwaldowski, R.
name: Sato, T.
name: Matsukura, F.
name: Dietl, T.
name: Ohno, H.
name: Takahashi, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Carrier-induced nature of ferromagnetism in a ferromagnetic semiconductor, (Ga,Mn)As, offers a great opportunity to observe novel spin-related phenomena as well as to demonstrate new functionalities of spintronic devices. Here, we report on low-temperature angle-resolved photoemission studies of the valence band in this model compound. By a direct determination of the distance of the split-off band to the Fermi energy EF, we conclude that EF is located within the heavy/light hole band. However, the bands are strongly perturbed by disorder and disorder-induced carrier correlations that lead to the Coulomb gap at EF, which we resolve experimentally in a series of samples, and show that its depth and width enlarge when the Curie temperature decreases. Furthermore, we have detected surprising linear magnetic dichroism in photoemission spectra of the split-off band. By a quantitative theoretical analysis we demonstrate that it arises from the Dresselhaus-type spin-orbit term in zinc-blende crystals. The spectroscopic access to the magnitude of such asymmetric part of spin-orbit coupling is worthwhile, as they account for spin-orbit torque in spintronic devices of ferromagnets without inversion symmetry.
description: 30 pages, 5 figures, supplemental info included
Superluminality, Black Holes and Effective Field Theory
Creators: name: Goon, Garrett
name: Hinterbichler, Kurt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Under the assumption that a UV theory does not display superluminal behavior, we ask what constraints on superluminality are satisfied in the effective field theory (EFT). We study two examples of effective theories: quantum electrodynamics (QED) coupled to gravity after the electron is integrated out, and the flat-space galileon. The first is realized in nature, the second is more speculative, but they both exhibit apparent superluminality around non-trivial backgrounds. In the QED case, we attempt, and fail, to find backgrounds for which the superluminal signal advance can be made larger than the putative resolving power of the EFT. In contrast, in the galileon case it is easy to find such backgrounds, indicating that if the UV completion of the galileon is (sub)luminal, quantum corrections must become important at distance scales of order the Vainshtein radius of the background configuration, much larger than the naive EFT strong coupling distance scale. Such corrections would be reminiscent of the non-perturbative Schwarzschild scale quantum effects that are expected to resolve the black hole information problem. Finally, a byproduct of our analysis is a calculation of how perturbative quantum effects alter charged Reissner-Nordstrom black holes.
description: 51 pages, many figures. v2 typo fixed, refs added
Amenable colorings
Creators: name: Garti, Shimon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03E05, 03E55

description: Let $κ$ be any regular cardinal. Assuming the existence of a huge cardinal above $κ$, we prove the consistency of $\binom{κ^{++}}{κ^+}\rightarrow\binomτ{κ^+}$ for every ordinal $τ