cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Research management striving to re-invent an up to date idea of professionalism in a post pandemic age
Creators: name: Poli, Susi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Educational administration, management and leadership
Public administration
Project management
Public sector organisation and management

description: How is going to be professionalism for RMAs in a post-pandemic era? Which skills can we expect to require following the pandemic? Following these questions, this presentation aims to define what professionalism for today’s RMAs is – consisting of qualifications, associations, professional frameworks, among others – but, above all, what we could expect this professionalism – with its set of skills and expectations - to be in a post-pandemic future. We know that Higher Education worldwide has been experiencing a period of identity crisis and widespread criticism following the pandemic. For this reason, in a post-pandemic age to come, research managers (RMAs) could be expected to reshuffle their skills and re-invent themselves, not only to cope with an era where even professional knowledge has a limited lifespan, which was already something to expect, according to Barnett (2008); but also to create a new idea of professionalism and up-to-date skills for the times lying ahead. All this may even end up requiring the re-design of professional frameworks and qualifications so the reshuffle of what we are and know so far in today’s research management and administration. This is going to impact on professional associations, on our institutions and on RMAs. This is a call to action to begin re-inventing these skill as soon as we can. Thus, this presentation is meant to be theoretical, with an empirical part describing cases of skills we could expect to acquire or need. It moves from the search of a definition of RMA to explain the move from administration to management; from here, what skills we can expect to seek in the future and what idea of professionalism lies ahead for all of us.
Toward the Gravity Dual of Heterotic Small Instantons
Creators: name: Chen, Fang
name: Dasgupta, Keshav
name: Franche, Paul
name: Tatar, Radu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The question of what happens when the heterotic SO(32) instanton becomes small was answered sometime back by Witten. The heterotic theory develops an enhanced Sp(2k) gauge symmetry for k small instantons, besides the allowed SO(32) gauge symmetry. An interesting question now is to ask what happens when we take the large k limit. In this paper we argue that in some special cases, where Gauss' law allows the large k limit, the dynamics of the large k small instantons can be captured by a dual gravitational description. For the cases that we elaborate in this paper, the gravity duals are non-Kahler manifolds although in general they could be non-geometric. These small instantons are heterotic five-branes and the duality allows us to study the strongly coupled field theories on these five-branes. We review and elaborate on some of the recent observations pointing towards this duality, and argue that in certain cases the gauge/gravity duality may be understood as small instanton transitions under which the instantons smoothen out and consequently lose the Sp(2k) gauge symmetry. This may explain how branes disappear on the dual side and are replaced by fluxes. We analyse the torsion classes before and after the transitions, and discuss briefly how the ADHM sigma model and related vector bundles could be studied for these scenarios.
description: 47 pages, 3 eps figures, LaTex, JHEP3 file; v2: Another consistency check added, typos corrected and a reference added; v3: Text expanded a bit, minor typos corrected and a few references updated. Final version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Low-scale leptogenesis and right-handed electrons
Creators: name: Schröder, Dennis
Publisher: name: Universität Bielefeld
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 530

description: We develop a framework for obtaining rate coefficients in non- linear kinetic equations for slowly evolving quantities in a non- equilibrium system by matching real time correlation functions of thermal fluctuations computed in an effective description to those computed in thermal quantum field theory. We apply this formalism to sterile neutrino occupancies and lepton minus baryon numbers. After expanding in the sterile-neutrino Yukawa couplings, the coefficients in the equations are written as real time correlation functions of Standard Model operators. Our kinetic equations are valid for an arbitrary number of sterile neutrinos of any mass spectrum. They can be used to describe, e.g., low-scale leptogenesis via neutrino oscillations, or sterile neutrino dark matter production in the Higgs phase. We apply the formula for linear coefficients to the equilibration of right- handed electrons in the symmetric phase of the Standard Model, which happens relatively late in the history of the Universe due to the smallness of the electron Yukawa coupling. We compute the equilibration rate at leading order in the Standard Model couplings by including gauge interactions, the top Yukawa- and the Higgs self-interaction. The dominant contribution is due to 2 -> 2 particle scattering, even though the rate of (inverse) Higgs decays is strongly enhanced by multiple soft scattering which is included by Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal (LPM) resummation. Our numerical result for the equilibration rate is substantially larger than approximations presented in previous literature. We find that the equilibration of right-handed electrons takes place at temperatures at which also low-scale leptogenesis can be realized, and we argue that in this case the two processes do not decouple.
Assessing access to medicines in Canada and beyond before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Creators: name: Zeitouny, Seraphine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: The research presented in this dissertation focused on three key dimensions in access to medicines in Canada and internationally, including medication adherence, use, and availability. Using rigorous observational study designs and the analysis of large clinical and administrative databases, access to medicines was assessed through three complementary studies. Study I revealed the prevalence of primary non-adherence (PNA) in primary care and suggested that 17% of new prescriptions remained unfilled in British Columbia, Canada. While PNA rates were higher for drugs prescribed mostly on an as-needed basis, they were prevalent across common medications for chronic conditions. Female providers, older providers, younger patients, and using multiple medications were all associated with higher odds of PNA. Patients filled over 82% of their new medication prescriptions within two weeks of their primary care provider visit. These findings could support the development of appropriate interventions aimed at improving primary adherence. Study II was a population-based study that uncovered empirical changes in prescription drug use, both overall and by drug classes, following the declaration of the COVID-19 pandemic and related mitigation measures in British Columbia, Canada. After an initial drop in prescription drug dispensing, prescribing trends remained constant or reversed towards pre-pandemic levels for major therapeutic categories and drug classes. However, sharp declines were observed in outpatient antimicrobial dispensing contrasted with sustained incremental increases in nervous system drug dispensing during the first year of the pandemic. These findings demonstrated the utility of monitoring drug dispensing trends to identify tracer conditions and forecast future medication needs. Moving into an international context, Study III was a time-series cross-sectional study that unravelled trend changes in vaccine sales in 84 countries following the COVID-19-induced disruptions to pharmaceutical supply chains and demand uncertainty. This study revealed the heterogeneous impact of COVID-19 on vaccine sales across country-income groups, with a relative increase in the per-capita vaccine sales in lower-middle-income countries (LMICs) as opposed to a decrease in high-income countries (HICs). Nevertheless, it underlined the consistent disparities in per capita vaccine sales that remained over four times higher in HICs than in LMICs and called for action to ensure equitable distribution of vaccines.
Reversal of CT hypodensity after acute ischemic stroke
Creators: name: Zeenat Qureshi Stroke Institutes
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Stroke is the third leading cause of death and is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality in the United States [1]. This substantial figure makes the diagnosis of stroke in the acute setting incredibly important. While advances in imaging and intervention have boosted the identification and survival rate from stroke, the diagnosis of stroke remains a clinical one. Even though the importance of imaging in the acute stroke setting and beyond cannot be overstated, there are important limitations to its usefulness. Specifically, as an ischemic brain injury heals, it can transition from a radiologically hypodense region to a radiologically isodense region. This transition has previously been thought to occur roughly 2- to 3 weeks after an infarction using computed tomography (CT), and has been termed the "fogging effect." First identified in 1979 [2], this effect can mask a late diagnosis of stroke, as well as muddle the ability to quantify the boundaries of an infarct's territory weeks later. Thus, better understanding of the timing and qualities of this "fogging effect" is of paramount importance in the clinical course of stroke management.
NOVEL IRSP53 (INSULIN RECEPTOR SUBSTRATE PROTEIN OF 53 KDA) FUNCTIONS IN ACTIN CAPPING, FILOPODIA FORMATION AND POLARITY ESTABLISHMENT
Creators: name: BISI, SARA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2017

description: IRSp53 (Insulin Receptor Substrate protein of 53 kDa) is a multidomain scaffolding protein that possesses an I-BAR domain (responsible for protein dimerization and membrane deformation), a partial CRIB motif (for the interaction with active CDC42), a SH3 domain (through it binds actin-related proteins) and additional protein interaction modules at the C-terminus. We have studied a previously unknown capping role of IRSp53 and the functional consequences of its interaction with VASP. In particular, we showed that following CDC42 binding and activation, IRSp53 is able to recruit and cluster VASP both in vitro and on the plasma membrane, thus fostering VASP processive elongation activity. The elongation of actin filaments by VASP, together with the membrane-deforming ability of IRSp53, combine to promote filopodia initiation downstream of CDC42. Thus, IRSp53 is essential for coordinating these activities in vitro and in cells in culture. In the second part of this thesis, an IRSp53 role in the polarity program was investigated. We showed that IRSp53 is apically localized in 3-D cyst models of epithelial cells, and IRSp53 depletion leads to a multilumen phenotype in MDCK and Caco2 spheroids. Moreover, using MDCK cysts as a model system, we noted that IRSp53 is enriched early at the prospective lumen initiation site (called AMIS), even before the apical marker podocalyxin. Finally, IRSp53 removal affects podocalyxin localization in MDCK cysts at the early stages. We speculate that IRSp53 might be involved in the trafficking of the apical protein podocalyxin, we are currently investigating the molecular mechanism responsible for this putative role.
Transportation and Regional Economic Development - Some Empirical Evidence from the Atlantic Region of Canada
Creators: name: Wilson, F.R.
name: Brander, J.R.
name: Rogers, G.
name: Wilson, F.R.
name: Brander, J.R.
name: Rogers, G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1979
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Presented at the 14th Annual Meeting of the Canadian Transportation Research Forum, June 1979
Cosmological magnetic fields from inflation in extended electromagnetism
Creators: name: Jimenez, Jose Beltran
name: Maroto, Antonio L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we consider an extended electromagnetic theory in which the scalar state which is usually eliminated by means of the Lorenz condition is allowed to propagate. This state has been shown to generate a small cosmological constant in the context of standard inflationary cosmology. Here we show that the usual Lorenz gauge-breaking term now plays the role of an effective electromagnetic current. Such a current is generated during inflation from quantum fluctuations and gives rise to a stochastic effective charge density distribution. Due to the high electric conductivity of the cosmic plasma after inflation, the electric charge density generates currents which give rise to both vorticity and magnetic fields on sub-Hubble scales. Present upper limits on vorticity coming from temperature anisotropies of the CMB are translated into lower limits on the present value of cosmic magnetic fields. We find that, for a nearly scale invariant vorticity spectrum, magnetic fields $B_λ> 10^{-12}$ G are typically generated with coherence lengths ranging from sub-galactic scales up to the present Hubble radius. Those fields could act as seeds for a galactic dynamo or even account for observations just by collapse and differential rotation of the protogalactic cloud.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. Final version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Associated Press-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research Poll: New Year, Same Priorities: The Public’s Agenda for 2018
Creators: name: Research, The Associated Press-NORC Center For Public Affairs
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Direction of country (1); problems government should be working on in 2018 (1); amount of effort federal government should devote to solving problems mentioned by respondent (1); confidence in ability of federal government to make progress on problems (1); America's best days are ahead of us/behind us (1); optimistic/pessimistic about way things are going in local community, state, country (3); optimistic/pessimistic about America's role as a global leader (1); optimistic/pessimistic about way leaders are chosen under country's political system (1); optimistic/pessimistic about country's system of government (1); optimistic/pessimistic about state of politics in this country (1); President Donald Trump has/has not kept promises made while running for president (1); respondent and family better/worse off since Trump became president (1); country as a whole better/worse off since Trump became president (1); Trump's presidency has made country more united/divided (1).
Macro-Economic Forecasting of Canadian Pacific Rail Freight Shipments and Revenues
Creators: name: Darby, Paul M.
name: Schulman, Joseph F.
name: Darby, Paul M.
name: Schulman, Joseph F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1979
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Presented at the 14th Annual Meeting of the Canadian Transportation Research Forum, June 1979
Comparison Theorems in Lorentzian Geometry and applications to spacelike hypersurfaces
Creators: name: Impera, Debora
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we prove Hessian and Laplacian comparison theorems for the Lorentzian distance function in a spacetime with sectional (or Ricci) curvature bounded by a certain function by means of a comparison criterion for Riccati equations. Using these results, under suitable conditions, we are able to obtain some estimates on the higher order mean curvatures of spacelike hypersurfaces satisfying a Omori-Yau maximum principle for certain elliptic operators.
description: 23 pages. Final version. To appear on Journal of Geometry and Physics
Airport Terminal Building Planning: A Theoretical Approach
Creators: name: Le, Can D.
name: Spyratos, Michael
name: Endemann, Len
name: Le, Can D.
name: Spyratos, Michael
name: Endemann, Len
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1979
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Presented at the 14th Annual Meeting of the Canadian Transportation Research Forum, June 1979
ACTIVITY OF MONOMERIC SECOND MITOCHONDRIAL ACTIVATOR OF CASPASES (SMAC) MIMETIC COMPOUNDS ON HUMAN FIBROBLAST-LIKE SYNOVIOCYTES FROM RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS PATIENTS
Creators: name: GUALTIEROTTI, ROBERTA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2016

description: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterised by systemic and intrarticular inflammation. Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) in RA have an activated phenotype with increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteiases, which sustain chronic inflammation and damage bone and cartilage. RA-FLSs also display resistance to apoptosis, which accounts for the synovial membrane hyperplasia. SMAC-mimetic compounds antagonise the activity of inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs), which regulate apoptotic and inflammatory pathways. We investigated whether SMAC127 had pro-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects on RA-FLSs. To better recreate an optimal in vitro model of the intrrticular environment, we also studied the effects of the addition of synovial fluid (SF) to cultures. We found that SMAC 127 could down-regulate IAPs levels and could effectively induce apoptosis - as demonstrated by apoptosis assays with Annexin V in different culture conditions and caspase-3 cleavage. Furthermore, SMAC 127 could down-regulate pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-15 and IL-6) and induce an up-regulation of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. The levels of marix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) where also reduced, whereas we did not observe any significant effects on RANKL/OPG axis. Based on these results, SMAC mimetic compounds could be a very useful treatment in patients with RA since the very early stage of the disease.
MODULATION OF DNA-BINDING IN TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS: THE CASE OF NF-Y AND USF1
Creators: name: BERNARDINI, ANDREA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2018

description: Transcription is ultimately driven by DNA-binding events involving regulatory proteins known as transcription factors (TFs). NF-Y is a ubiquitous eukaryotic TF composed by three different subunits, all necessary to specifically recognize and bind CCAAT-box DNA. NF-Y plays a central role in shaping the architecture of promoters and distal regulatory regions, both by influencing local chromatin environment and working as a pioneering binding-platform for several TFs in different genomic contexts. Still, the way NF-Y activity itself is modulated, and the molecular determinants at the basis of NF-Y function as transcriptional organizer pose many open questions. The aims of my doctoral thesis were, in general, to provide new structure-function correlations of NF-Y activity, and in specific to (I) uncover the molecular role of two NF-YA subunit phosphorylation sites and (II) dissect the molecular interplay between NF-Y and the E- box TF USF1 on different DNA configurations. NF-YA was shown to be a cell-cycle modulated phospho-protein, with two C-terminal residues (Ser320 and Ser326), located close to the conserved DNA-binding domain of the subunit, targeted as phosphorylation sites by CDK2. Still, their molecular function remained elusive. We designed a panel of NF-YA Ser320 and Ser326 phospho-ablative (Ser to Ala) and phospho- mimicking (Ser to Glu) mutants, in order to assess the phosphorylation state of the protein in vivo, and to characterize their behaviour in DNA-binding and transcriptional assays. First, we detected Ser320-P as the major NF-YA phospho-isotype in asynchronous HeLa cells, strongly increasing upon nocodazole-induced mitotic arrest. Second, we found that while none of the phospho-mutant recombinant proteins affected the overall affinity of the NF-Y heterotrimer for DNA, Ser320 (but not Ser326) mutations kinetically destabilized the DNA-bound complex, greatly increasing its off- rate. Third, Ser320 phospho-mutants impaired NF-Y dependent transcriptional activation of the RHOB and MDR1 target promoters in reporter assays. Taken together, our results point at Ser320- phosphorylation as a major regulatory switch for NF-Y activity, directly affecting its residence time on DNA. In the second project we aimed to dissect the USF1 protein regions which mediate DNA- binding cooperativity with NF-Y, in order to uncover the molecular bases of one of the genome- wide NF-Y-directed regulatory modules. We detected transcriptional synergy in reporter assays using four distinct target promoters characterized by the recurrent 10-12 bp spacing between E- box and CCAAT-box elements. Moreover, we identified the USR, an intrinsically disordered domain of USF1, as the region responsible for cooperative interaction with NF-Y on DNA. Notably, depending on the underlying DNA configuration of the binding sites, distinct portions of this context-specific transactivation domain mediate the protein-protein interactions.
title: Berichte über Landwirtschaft - Zeitschrift für Agrarpolitik und Landwirtschaft, Sonderheft 238 - Dezember 2023 - Gutachten des Wissenschaftlichen Beirats für Waldpolitik beim BMEL - Zum Umgang mit alten, naturnahen Laubwäldern in Deutschland im Spannungsfeld zwischen Biodiversitätsschutz, Klimaschutz und Anpassung an den Klimawandel
title: Sonderheft 238 - Dezember 2023 - Gutachten des Wissenschaftlichen Beirats für Waldpolitik beim BMEL - Zum Umgang mit alten, naturnahen Laubwäldern in Deutschland im Spannungsfeld zwischen Biodiversitätsschutz, Klimaschutz und Anpassung an den Klimawandel
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Berichte über Landwirtschaft-Zeitschrift Für Agrarpolitik Und Landwirtschaft
Publisher: name: Berichte über Landwirtschaft - Zeitschrift für Agrarpolitik und Landwirtschaft
Year: 2023

description: Zum Umgang mit alten, naturnahen Laubwäldern in Deutschland im Spannungsfeld zwischen Biodiversitätsschutz, Klimaschutz und Anpassung an den Klimawandel
Stochastic Continuous Time Neurite Branching Models with Tree and Segment Dependent Rates
Creators: name: van Elburg, Ronald A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we introduce a continuous time stochastic neurite branching model closely related to the discrete time stochastic BES-model. The discrete time BES-model is underlying current attempts to simulate cortical development, but is difficult to analyze. The new continuous time formulation facilitates analytical treatment thus allowing us to examine the structure of the model more closely. We derive explicit expressions for the time dependent probabilities p(γ, t) for finding a tree γat time t, valid for arbitrary continuous time branching models with tree and segment dependent branching rates. We show, for the specific case of the continuous time BES-model, that as expected from our model formulation, the sums needed to evaluate expectation values of functions of the terminal segment number μ(f(n),t) do not depend on the distribution of the total branching probability over the terminal segments. In addition, we derive a system of differential equations for the probabilities p(n,t) of finding n terminal segments at time t. For the continuous BES-model, this system of differential equations gives direct numerical access to functions only depending on the number of terminal segments, and we use this to evaluate the development of the mean and standard deviation of the number of terminal segments at a time t. For comparison we discuss two cases where mean and variance of the number of terminal segments are exactly solvable. Then we discuss the numerical evaluation of the S-dependence of the solutions for the continuous time BES-model. The numerical results show clearly that higher S values, i.e. values such that more proximal terminal segments have higher branching rates than more distal terminal segments, lead to more symmetrical trees as measured by three tree symmetry indicators.
description: 41 pages, 2 figures, revised structure and text improvements
Mean-field diffusivities in passive scalar and magnetic transport in irrotational flows
Creators: name: Rädler, Karl-Heinz
name: Brandenburg, Axel
name: Del Sordo, Fabio
name: Rheinhardt, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Certain aspects of the mean-field theory of turbulent passive scalar transport and of mean-field electrodynamics are considered with particular emphasis on aspects of compressible fluids. It is demonstrated that the total mean-field diffusivity for passive scalar transport in a compressible flow may well be smaller than the molecular diffusivity. This is in full analogy to an old finding regarding the magnetic mean-field diffusivity in an electrically conducting turbulently moving compressible fluid. These phenomena occur if the irrotational part of the motion dominates the vortical part, the Pèclet or magnetic Reynolds number is not too large, and, in addition, the variation of the flow pattern is slow. For both the passive scalar and the magnetic cases several further analytical results on mean-field diffusivities and related quantities found within the second-order correlation approximation are presented, as well as numerical results obtained by the test-field method, which applies independently of this approximation. Particular attention is paid to non-local and non-instantaneous connections between the turbulence-caused terms and the mean fields. Two examples of irrotational flows, in which interesting phenomena in the above sense occur, are investigated in detail. In particular, it is demonstrated that the decay of a mean scalar in a compressible fluid under the influence of these flows can be much slower than without any flow, and can be strongly influenced by the so-called memory effect, that is, the fact that the relevant mean-field coefficients depend on the decay rates themselves.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures, published on PRE
WASP-33: The first delta Scuti exoplanet host star
Creators: name: Herrero, E.
name: Morales, J. C.
name: Ribas, I.
name: Naves, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of photometric oscillations in the host star of the exoplanet WASP-33 b (HD 15082). The data were obtained in the R band in both transit and out-of-transit phases from the 0.3-m telescope and the Montcabrer Observatory and the 0.8-m telescope at the Montsec Astronomical Observatory. Proper fitting and subsequent removal of the transit signal reveals stellar photometric variations with a semi-amplitude of about 1 mmag. The detailed analysis of the periodogram yields a structure of significant signals around a frequency of 21 cyc per day, which is typical of delta Scuti-type variable stars. An accurate study of the power spectrum reveals a possible commensurability with the planet orbital motion with a factor of 26, but this remains to be confirmed with additional time-series data that will permit the identification of the significant frequencies. These findings make WASP-33 the first transiting exoplanet host star with delta Sct variability and a very interesting candidate to search for star-planet interactions.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures. Revised version accepted for publication in A&A Letters
Designing photostable and bright luminophores for biological imaging and optoelectronic applications
Creators: name: Mayder, Don M.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: Ensuring long-term photostability in the design of luminescent materials remains a challenge that is often addressed at the molecular level. This consideration must be balanced with other optical properties such as emission wavelength, photoluminescence quantum yield (ΦF or PLQY), and colour purity, as well as physical properties such as solubility and thermal stability. Molecular rigidification is a promising means to improve photostability, ensuring suppression of molecular vibrations and photodegradation pathways. This strategy often enhances PLQY and colour purity as well, while requiring demanding synthetic procedures to prepare rigid and robust molecular motifs. By leveraging these advanced optical properties in conjunction with the design of purely organic materials exhibiting thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), these materials can find use in a wide range of applications such as emitters in organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), and as dyes for time-resolved imaging (TRI) in biology. Work described in this thesis involves the preparation of a range of luminophores exhibiting prompt nanosecond fluorescence, phosphorescence, and thermally activated delayed fluorescence, with tailored design features to render them useful for optoelectronic and biological applications. Deep-blue to deep-red emissive fluorophores were prepared using 1,3,4-oxadizole (ODA), s-heptazine (HAP), s-triazine (TRZ), and dibenzodipyridophenazine (BPPZ) motifs, with molecular rigidification explored using hexamethylazatriangulene (HMAT) as a planarized triarylamine electron-donating substituent. As some of these materials exhibited long-lived emission lifetimes and non-linear optical properties such as two-photon excited fluorescence (2PEF), efforts were made to render them water-dispersible in nanoparticle formulations for in vitro biological imaging applications. A range of strategies was examined to improve the versatility of luminophores using synthetic polymeric systems. In particular, living and controlled polymerization methods were used for incorporation of luminophores into polymers, resulting in solution-processable phosphorescent platinum (II) metallopolymers for OLED applications, and fluorescent polymers suitable for the preparation of polymer dot (Pdot) nanoparticles as bioimaging probes. Additionally, the challenge of rendering oxygen-sensitive TADF molecules water-dispersible was addressed using commercial surfactants for glassy organic dot (g-Odot) nanoparticles, in an effort to further explore a universal approach toward using any high-performance TADF material as a bioimaging probe.
Overview of the First Shared Task on Clinical Text Generation: RRG24 and "Discharge Me!"
Creators: name: Xu, Justin
name: Chen, Zhihong
name: Johnston, Andrew
name: Blankemeier, Louis
name: Varma, Maya
name: Hom, Jason
name: Collins, William J.
name: Modi, Ankit
name: Lloyd, Robert
name: Hopkins, Benjamin
name: Langlotz, Curtis
name: Delbrouck, Jean-Benoit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent developments in natural language generation have tremendous implications for healthcare. For instance, state-of-the-art systems could automate the generation of sections in clinical reports to alleviate physician workload and streamline hospital documentation. To explore these applications, we present a shared task consisting of two subtasks: (1) Radiology Report Generation (RRG24) and (2) Discharge Summary Generation ("Discharge Me!"). RRG24 involves generating the 'Findings' and 'Impression' sections of radiology reports given chest X-rays. "Discharge Me!" involves generating the 'Brief Hospital Course' and 'Discharge Instructions' sections of discharge summaries for patients admitted through the emergency department. "Discharge Me!" submissions were subsequently reviewed by a team of clinicians. Both tasks emphasize the goal of reducing clinician burnout and repetitive workloads by generating documentation. We received 201 submissions from across 8 teams for RRG24, and 211 submissions from across 16 teams for "Discharge Me!".
description: ACL Proceedings. BioNLP workshop
THE POLITICAL ORGANISATION OF BUSINESS AND WELFARE STATE RESTRUCTURING: HOW ASSOCIATIONAL FACTORS SHAPE EMPLOYERS' COOPERATION FOR SOCIAL POLICY DEVELOPMENT
Creators: name: ARISI, CLAUDIA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2012

description: Given that business interests have assumed ever-growing importance in welfare state restructuring, and that welfare programmes impose significant costs on firms, when and how can employers decide to actively support the development of contemporary social policy? This thesis shows that specific types of business interest organisation can favour the cooperation of employers for the establishment of new social welfare legislation by mediating between their heterogeneous economic interests and the political target structure, and by governing their collective political mobilisation. Drawing on theories of collective action and neo-corporatist models, the thesis elaborates an original typological framework and assesses it through an historical cross-national study of the role of organised business in the Austrian and Italian severance pay reforms (1990s-2000s). Detail process-tracing and systematic cross-case comparison are used to reconstruct and analyse what motivated and enabled the Austrian business community, but not the Italian one, to decisively promote the use of severance payments for the expansion of supplementary pension funds. Empirically, the thesis finds that differences in the institutional set-up of the national organisation of business interests have shaped divergent governance roles of business in the two countries by making for different organisational capacities of interest coordination and unification on the one hand, and of bargained interest accommodation, on the other. In particular, highly inclusive and cohesive organisational forms of interest representation, like the Austrian ones, have allowed employers? representatives to contain intra-class interest conflicts and deliver unitary, politically manageable and moderate social policy demands. Moreover, rather stable participation in state regulation (in non-wage policy areas) and high sanction leverage vis-�-vis members have enabled organisational leaders to determine collective social policy goals and strategies quite independently from the short-term interests of employers, and to render organisational decisions binding also for members opposing resistance. In closing, the thesis provides evidence that, even in presence of appropriate institutional arrangements, a remarkable responsibility for building business support for social welfare initiatives rests on the government. Since the latter can bias the contingent conditions of political influence, it can dampen organisations? cooperative efforts whenever it opts for clientelistic dynamics of policy formation instead of backing the construction of cross-class reform coalitions.
Libpsht - algorithms for efficient spherical harmonic transforms
Creators: name: Reinecke, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Libpsht (or "library for Performant Spherical Harmonic Transforms") is a collection of algorithms for efficient conversion between spatial-domain and spectral-domain representations of data defined on the sphere. The package supports transforms of scalars as well as spin-1 and spin-2 quantities, and can be used for a wide range of pixelisations (including HEALPix, GLESP and ECP). It will take advantage of hardware features like multiple processor cores and floating-point vector operations, if available. Even without this additional acceleration, the employed algorithms are among the most efficient (in terms of CPU time as well as memory consumption) currently being used in the astronomical community. The library is written in strictly standard-conforming C90, ensuring portability to many different hard- and software platforms, and allowing straightforward integration with codes written in various programming languages like C, C++, Fortran, Python etc. Libpsht is distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public License (GPL) version 2 and can be downloaded from http://sourceforge.net/projects/libpsht.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures, accepted by A&A
Experiments on turbulent flows of elasto-viscoplastic fluids
Creators: name: Mitishita, Rodrigo Seiji
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: In this thesis, we present an experimental investigation of turbulent flows of elasto-viscoplastic fluids. The motivation comes from the oil and gas industry, where turbulent flows of non-Newtonian fluids are frequently encountered. We characterize the turbulent flow of viscoplastic fluids, both under a fully turbulent flow and also when it is displaced by another fluid under turbulence in an eccentric annular geometry. Further, we investigate the fully turbulent flow of a drag reducing, elasto-viscoplastic wormlike micellar (or surfactant) solution, and compare those results to better known polymer solutions under turbulent flows. Our experiments in fully turbulent flows of viscoplastic Carbopol solutions show an enhancement of streamwise velocity fluctuations and a decrease in wall normal velocity fluctuations in comparison to water. As we increase the Reynolds numbers, the turbulence statistics approach Newtonian values. With regards to turbulent displacements of 0.15% Carbopol solutions in an eccentric annulus, we observe that the displacement is successful without the obstruction regardless of the displacing fluid. The obstruction at eccentricity e ≈ 0.5 is mostly detrimental to removal of the yield stress fluid stuck downstream of it. At high eccentricity values of e ≈ 0.7, the effect of the obstruction on the displacement of Carbopol is seen to be negligible. When wormlike micellar gels are submitted to a turbulent flow, the micellar structure near the wall appears to be mostly broken down during turbulent flow. Turbulent flows at low concentrations of surfactant show a Newtonian-like flow field throughout most of the duct, where the energy spectra shows a -5/3 power law scale with wavenumber. Conversely, energy spectra of the micellar solutions at large percentages of drag reduction show approximately a -3 power law decay. Moreover, a direct comparison of turbulent flows with flexible and rigid polymer solutions also shows similar turbulence statistics at approximately the same percentages of drag reduction. A -3 power law decay in the energy spectra is also observed with both flexible and rigid polymer solutions, and we hypothesize it may be a consequence of elasto-inertial turbulence.
Circulation of a novel strain of dolphin morbillivirus (DMV) in stranded cetaceans in the Mediterranean Sea
Creators: name: Mira, Francesco
name: Rubio-Guerri, Consuelo
name: Purpari, Giuseppa
name: Puleio, Roberto
name: Caracappa, Giulia
name: Gucciardi, Francesca
name: Russotto, Laura
name: Loria, Guido Ruggero
name: Guercio, Annalisa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Dolphin morbillivirus (DMV) has been responsible for several outbreaks of systemic infection and has resulted in cetacean strandings in the Mediterranean. In August-October 2016, seven striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba) stranded on the Sicilian coastline (Italy) tested positive for DMV. Tissue samples from brain, lung, pulmonary lymph nodes, heart, spleen, liver, stomach, intestine, kidneys and urinary bladder, as well as blowhole swabs, were collected during necropsy for molecular diagnostics and pathology studies. Extracted tissue RNA was screened for DMV by real-time reverse transcription  polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Some tissues exhibited microscopic lesions that were consistent with DMV infection on histopathological and immunohistochemical grounds. Conventional reverse transcription PCR to target partial nucleoprotein and phosphoprotein genes yielded sequences used to genetically characterize the associated DMV strain. DMV RNA was detected by both PCR assays in all tested tissues of the seven dolphins, which suggests systemic infections, but was absent from another dolphin stranded on the Sicilian coastline during the same period. The partial phosphoprotein and nucleoprotein gene sequences from the positive dolphins were 99.7% and 99.5% identical, respectively, to the DMV sequences recently observed in cetaceans stranded on the Spanish Mediterranean. Our study suggests that this DMV strain is circulating in the Mediterranean.
Improvement in Visual Symptomatology after Endovascular Treatment of Cavernous Carotid Aneurysms: A Multicenter Study
Creators: name: Zeenat Qureshi Stroke Institutes
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Introduction: Aneurysms arising from the cavernous internal carotid artery (CCAs) pose technical challenges for surgical management and such patients are frequently referred for endovascular treatment. These aneurysms often produce a variety of neurological deficits, primarily those related to oculoparesis. Our purpose was to determine the visual and neurological outcome of patients with treated CCAs. Methods: We reviewed the medical records and angiograms for patients who underwent endovascular treatment for CCAs at three academic medical centers. The following outcomes were analyzed: angiographic assessment, visual improvement and outcome at 3 months using Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). Results: Thirty-four patients (mean age 54.7 years) were treated for CCAs. The mean aneurysm size was 14.2 mm (range: 3-45 mm), and fourteen patients (41.2%) required stent assistance. Twenty-one aneurysms (61.8%) were completely occluded; nine aneurysms (26.6%) had near-complete occlusion; 4 aneurysms (11.8%) had partial occlusion. Seven patients (20.6%) required retreatment. Fifteen of the 34 patients (44.1%) presented with visual symptoms, while only eight patients had residual visual symptomatology at follow-up (44.1% vs. 23.5%; p=0.02). Patients that presented with visual symptoms (N=15) had a mean aneurysm size of 24.5 mm, while those without visual symptoms (N=19) had a size of 7.5 mm (p=0.001). Follow-up GOS was good (4-5) in 29 patients (90.6%). No thromboembolic complications were observed. One patient died (3.1%) of an unrelated cause. Conclusions: Most patients in this multicenter series improved or remained stable after treatment. The results of this study indicate that endovascular treatment may improve the outcome of visual symptoms in patients with large cavernous aneurysms with low periprocedural morbidity.
Exploring the utility of link prediction algorithms for drug repurposing
Creators: name: Callahan, Tiffany J.
name: Baumgartner, William A.
name: Stefanski, Adrianne L.
name: Hunter, Larry E.
name: Bodenreider, Olivier
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: It takes roughly 10-12 years and costs $2.87 billion to bring a new drug to market. Further, of all funded pre-clinical trials, only 10% will actually advance to human testing. A limited repertoire of valid biomarkers, few validated clinical phenotypes, and an incomplete understanding of biological mechanisms contribute to the delay of novel pharmaceutical development. Network representations facilitate the understanding of complex biological mechanisms, and have been used extensively in biomedical research. Link prediction, a network inference method used to predict new connections between nodes in a network, has correctly predicted important relationships, including protein-protein and regulatory gene interactions.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the utility of link prediction algorithms for identifying novel drug-target interactions.
The journey of changing LUT's scientific output openness – image of the last six years
Creators: name: Szarama, Monika
name: Tomczak, Łukasz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: databases
Lublin University of Technology
Open Access
Open Science
OA publication percentage share
research analytics tools
scholarly output

description: The poster presents an analysis of the 6-year period: 2017-2022 (including the year pre- and post- implementation of 2020 OA Mandate at LUT) of OA publication percentage share at Lublin University of Technology. Additionally, calculations for Poland, Europe and the entire world were made, to put LUT's results in larger perspective. An analysis was based on data from LUT's Employees' Publication Database, SciVal and InCites (research analytics tools). Types of documents taken into consideration were limited to: research article, book chapters, books and proceedings paper with OA status. In the course of the analysis it was concluded that the percentage share of OA publications of LUT in relation to the total number of publications is at a satisfactory level and in line with national, regional and global trends.
Far-from-equilibrium processes without net thermal exchange via energy sorting
Creators: name: Vilar, Jose M. G.
name: Rubi, J. Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many important processes at the microscale require far-from-equilibrium conditions to occur, as in the functioning of mesoscopic bioreactors, nanoscopic rotors, and nanoscale mass conveyors. Achieving such conditions, however, is typically based on energy inputs that strongly affect the thermal properties of the environment and the controllability of the system itself. Here, we present a general class of far-from-equilibrium processes that suppress the net thermal exchange with the environment by maintaining the Maxwell-Boltzmann velocity distribution intact. This new phenomenon, referred to as ghost equilibrium, results from the statistical cancellation of superheated and subcooled nonequilibrated degrees of freedom that are autonomously generated through a microscale energy sorting process. We provide general conditions to observe this phenomenon and study its implications for manipulating energy at the microscale. The results are applied explicitly to two mechanistically different cases, an ensemble of rotational dipoles and a gas of trapped particles, which encompass a great variety of common situations involving both rotational and translational degrees of freedom.