cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Tree-level (pi, K)-amplitude and analyticity
Creators: name: Vereshagin, Vladimir V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the tree-level amplitude, describing all 3 channels of the binary (pi ,K)-reaction, as a meromorphic polynomially bounded function of 3 dependent complex variables. Relying systematically on the Mittag-Leffler theorem, we construct 3 convergent partial fraction expansions, each one being applied in the corresponding domain. Noting, that the mutual intersections of those domains are nonempty, we realize the analytical continuation. It is shown that the necessary conditions to make such a continuation feasible, are the following: 1) The only parameters completely determining the amplitude are the on-shell couplings and masses; 2) These parameters are restricted by a certain (infinite) system of bootstrap equations; 3) The full cross-symmetric amplitude takes the typically dual form, the Pomeron contribution being taken into account; 4)This latter contribution corresponds to a nonresonant background, which, in turn, is expressed in terms of cross-channel resonances parameters. It is demonstrated also, that the Chiral Symmetry provides a unique scale for the mentioned parameters, the resonance saturation effect appearing as a direct consequence of the above results.
Discerning Dark Energy Models with High-Redshift Standard Candles
Creators: name: Andersen, Per
name: Hjorth, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following the success of type Ia supernovae in constraining cosmologies at lower redshift $(z\lesssim2)$, effort has been spent determining if a similarly useful standardisable candle can be found at higher redshift. {In this work we determine the largest possible magnitude discrepancy between a constant dark energy $Λ$CDM cosmology and a cosmology in which the equation of state $w(z)$ of dark energy is a function of redshift for high redshift standard candles $(z\gtrsim2)$}. We discuss a number of popular parametrisations of $w(z)$ with two free parameters, $w_z$CDM cosmologies, including the Chevallier-Polarski-Linder and generalisation thereof, $n$CPL, as well as the Jassal-Bagla-Padmanabhan parametrisation. For each of these parametrisations we calculate and find extrema of $Δμ$, the difference between the distance modulus of a $w_z$CDM cosmology and a fiducial $Λ$CDM cosmology as a function of redshift, given 68\% likelihood constraints on the parameters $P=(Ω_{m,0}, w_0, w_a)$. The parameters are constrained using cosmic microwave background, baryon acoustic oscillations, and type Ia supernovae data using CosmoMC. We find that none of the tested cosmologies can deviate more than 0.05 mag from the fiducial $Λ$CDM cosmology at high redshift, implying that high redshift standard candles will not aid in discerning between a $w_z$CDM cosmology and the fiducial $Λ$CDM cosmology. Conversely, this implies that if high redshift standard candles are found to be in disagreement with $Λ$CDM at high redshift, then this is a problem not only for $Λ$CDM but for the entire family of $w_z$CDM cosmologies.
description: 9 pages, 4 figues. Submitted to MNRAS
Blandford-Znajek process in vacuo and its holographic dual
Creators: name: Jacobson, Ted
name: Rodriguez, Maria J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Blandford and Znajek discovered a process by which a spinning black hole can transfer rotational energy to a plasma, offering a mechanism for energy and jet emissions from quasars. Here we describe a version of this mechanism that operates with only vacuum electromagnetic fields outside the black hole. The setting, which is not astrophysically realistic, involves either a cylindrical black hole or one that lives in 2+1 spacetime dimensions, and the field is given in simple, closed form for a wide class of metrics. For asymptotically Anti-de Sitter black holes in 2+1 dimensions the holographic dual of this mechanism is the transfer of angular momentum and energy, via a resistive coupling, from a rotating thermal state containing an electric field to an external charge density rotating more slowly than the thermal state. In particular, the entropy increase of the thermal state due to Joule heating matches the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy increase of the black hole.
description: 6 pages; v2: improved presentation, more explanation and two figures added, 8 pages
Значението на мутациите в BRAC 1/2 и PARP- инхибиция при метастатичен кастрация- резистентен простатен карцином. Резултати от фаза 3 проучването PROfound и значението им в практиката
Creators: name: Jeliazko Arabadjiev
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111202 Cancer Diagnosis
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111203 Cancer Genetics
subject: 111201 Cancer Cell Biology
subject: 111204 Cancer Therapy (excl. Chemotherapy and Radiation Therapy)
subject: 111205 Chemotherapy
subject: 111299 Oncology and Carcinogenesis not elsewhere classified

description: Статията разглежда възможността да таргетно лечение с PARP инхибитор (олапариб) на кастрационно резистентен простатен рак с мутация в BRCA1/2 и резултатите от клично изпитване PROfound
Measure Recognition Problem
Creators: name: Džamonja, Mirna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This is an article in mathematics, specifically in set theory. On the example of the Measure Recognition Problem (MRP) the article highlights the phenomenon of the utility of a multidisciplinary mathematical approach to a single mathematical problem, in particular the value of a set-theoretic analysis. MRP asks if for a given Boolean algebra $\algB$ and a property $Φ$ of measures one can recognize by purely combinatorial means if $\algB$ supports a strictly positive measure with property $Φ$. The most famous instance of this problem is MRP(countable additivity), and in the first part of the article we survey the known results on this and some other problems. We show how these results naturally lead to asking about two other specific instances of the problem MRP, namely MRP(nonatomic) and MRP(separable). Then we show how our recent work D\v zamonja and Plebanek (2006) gives an easy solution to the former of these problems, and gives some partial information about the latter. The long term goal of this line of research is to obtain a structure theory of Boolean algebras that support a finitely additive strictly positive measure, along the lines of Maharam theorem which gives such a structure theorem for measure algebras.
Policy Implications of the Movement of Blacks Out of the Rural South
Creators: name: Lee, Anne S.
name: Bowles, Gladys H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1974
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Labor and Human Capital

description: Implicit or explicit national governmental actions designed to perpetuate, change conditions, maintain the status quo, or introduce change (although not designed for that purpose) are known as policy. Some of these actions relate directly to population distribution from early land grants to present urban renewal and rural development activities. Others relating to agriculture, growth, and relocation of industries and government facilities, expansion of higher education opportunities, service in the armed forces, housing, and the widespread construction of transportation systems have had unanticipated impacts on population relocation. Shifts in demands for services have also resulted in population redistribution. When these occur, the government must consider their impact in formulating policies; existing policies must be evaluated and their implementation mechanisms reassessed or new programs devised. Factors which should be considered are: (1) the numbers involved, (2) the locations affected, (3) the migrant's importance in his parent and host populations, and (4) characteristics of people which predispose them to require specialized services. In recent decades, the heavy movement of blacks out of the rural South has produced shifts in service needs. This outmigration effected compositional changes in both rural and urban populations, affecting the urban South, the urban non-South, and the rural South. The paper also examines some policy implications related to service needs caused by this movement.
description: Paper presented to the Rural Sociology Section at the Annual Meeting of the Southern Association of Agricultural Scientists (Memphis, Tennessee, February 1974). The research on which this paper is based was begun under Memorandum of Agreement No. 12-17-04-6-174 between the Office of Economic Opportunity and the U. S. Department of Agriculture and Memorandum of Agreement No. 12-17-09-2-472 between the U. S. Department of Agriculture and the University of Georgia.
Impact of NLTE on determinations of atmospheric parameters and chemical abundances of very metal-poor stars
Creators: name: Mashonkina, Lyudmila
name: Sitnova, Tatyana
name: Pakhomov, Yuri
name: Ryabchikova, Tatyana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on high-resolution spectral observations for a sample of very metal-poor stars, we investigate how well stellar chemical abundances can be derived with available theoretical methods and computational tools.
description: Two pages, to appear in Rediscovering our Galaxy, Proceedings IAU Symposium No. 334, 2017, C. Chiappini, I. Minchev, E. Starkenburg & M. Valentini, eds
title: ADCO, Quatrième cartulaire de Saint-Etienne de Dijon (XIIIe siècle), Cart. 36 (G 128), 31 folios, f. 0006
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2009
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Quatrième cartulaire de Saint-Etienne de Dijon (XIIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 36 (G 128), 31 folios, f. 0006, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Quatrième cartulaire de Saint-Etienne de Dijon (XIIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 36 (G 128), 31 folios, f. 0006, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
MM Observations of IRAS Galaxies: Dust Properties, Luminosity Functions and Contributions to the Sub-MM Background
Creators: name: Andreani, P.
name: Franceschini, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the FIR/{\it mm} spectrum of IR galaxies by combining IRAS photometry with new {\it mm} data on a complete southern IRAS galaxy sample. The observed spectra and a dust model emphasize a dicothomy in the galaxy population: half of the objects with a lot of warm dust are characterized by higher values of the bolometric (UV-FIR) luminosity, of the dust-to-gas mass ratio, of the dust optical depths and extinction, while those dominated by cold ({\it cirrus}) dust show opposite trends. From these data we derive the {\it mm} luminosity function of galaxies and estimate their contribution to the sub-{\it mm} background (BKG).
description: 4 pg Latex file (using included crckapb.sty) gzip'd tar'd file including 3 ps figures. Proceedings of 'Cold dust Morphology Conference', Johannesburg, South Africa, January 21-26 1996 A wrong figure is replaced
Scandix procumbens Linnaeus, 1753, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1753
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Apiales
Apiaceae
Scandix
Scandix procumbens

description: Scandix procumbens, spec. nov.
 8. Scandix seminibus nitidis ovato-subulatis, foliis decompositis. Gron. virg. 147.
 Cerefolium virginianum procumbens, fumariae foliis. Moris. hist. 3. p.303. s.11. t.11. f.ult.
 Habitat in Virginia .
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on pages 257-258, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989
Hom-associative Ore extensions and weak unitalizations
Creators: name: Bäck, Per
name: Richter, Johan
name: Silvestrov, Sergei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17A30 (Primary), 17A01 (Secondary)

description: We introduce hom-associative Ore extensions as non-unital, non-associative Ore extensions with a hom-associative multiplication, and give some necessary and sufficient conditions when such exist. Within this framework, we construct families of hom-associative quantum planes, universal enveloping algebras of a Lie algebra, and Weyl algebras, all being hom-associative generalizations of their classical counterparts, as well as prove that the latter are simple. We also provide a way of embedding any multiplicative hom-associative algebra into a multiplicative, weakly unital hom-associative algebra, which we call a weak unitalization.
description: 17 pages; more material added, including two more examples and a section on weak unitalizations; minor changes made
Proximity SQUID single photon detector via temperature-to-voltage conversion
Creators: name: Solinas, P.
name: Giazotto, F.
name: Pepe, G. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a single photon detector based on a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) with superconductor-normal metal-superconductor Josephson weak links. One of the two Josephson junctions is connected to an antenna, and is heated when a photon is absorbed. The increase of the weak link temperature exponentially suppresses the Josephson critical current thereby inducing an asymmetry in the SQUID. This generates a voltage pulse across the SQUID that can be measured with a threshold detector. Realized with realistic parameters the device can be used as a single photon detector, and as a calorimeter since it is able to discriminate photons frequency above $5~$THz with a signal-to-noise ratio larger than $20$. The detector performance are robust with respect to working temperatures between $0.1~$ K and $0.5~$K, and thermal noise perturbation.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures. Updated version
Laplace operators and diffusions in tangent bundles over Poisson spaces
Creators: name: Albeverio, S.
name: Daletskii, A.
name: Lytvynov, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Spaces of differential forms over configuration spaces with Poisson measures are constructed. The corresponding Laplacians (of Bochner and de Rham type) on 1-forms and associated semigroups are considered. Their probabilistic interpretation is given.
A heteroscedastic measurement error model based on skew and heavy-tailed distributions with known error variances
Creators: name: Tomaya, Lorena Cáceres
name: Castro, Mário De
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we study inference in a heteroscedastic measurement error model with known error variances. Instead of the normal distribution for the random components, we develop a model that assumes a skew-t distribution for the true covariate and a centred Student's t distribution for the error terms. The proposed model enables to accommodate skewness and heavy-tailedness in the data, while the degrees of freedom of the distributions can be different. Maximum likelihood estimates are computed via an EM-type algorithm. The behaviour of the estimators is also assessed in a simulation study. Finally, the approach is illustrated with a real data set from a methods comparison study in Analytical Chemistry.
On the possibility of measuring $F_L(x,Q^2)$ at HERA using radiative events
Creators: name: Favart, L.
name: Gruwé, M.
name: Marage, P.
name: Zhang, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that a significant measurement of the longitudinal structure function $F_L(x,Q^2)$ can be performed at HERA, for $Q^2 = 2 GeV^2$ and $Q^2 = 5 GeV^2$ and for x around $10^{-4}$, using radiative events with hard photon emission collinear to the incident lepton beam, under the present running conditions and with an integrated luminosity of 10 $pb^{-1}$. The influence of experimental conditions is discussed.
description: 12 pages (6 figures)
Femtolens Imaging of a Quasar Central Engine Using a Dwarf Star Telescope
Creators: name: Gould, Andrew
name: Gaudi, B. Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that it is possible to image the structure of a distant quasar on scales of $\sim 1\,$AU by constructing a telescope which uses a nearby dwarf star as its ``primary lens'' together with a satellite-borne ``secondary''. The image produced by the primary is magnified by $\sim 10^5$ in one direction but is contracted by 0.5 in the other, and therefore contains highly degenerate one-dimensional information about the two-dimensional source. We discuss various methods for extracting information about the second dimension including ``femtolens interferometry'' where one measures the interference between different parts of the one-dimensional image with each other. Assuming that the satellite could be dispatched to a position along a star-quasar line of sight at a distance $r$ from the Sun, the nearest available dwarf-star primary is likely to be at $\sim 15\,\pc\,(r/40\,\rm AU)^{-2}$. The secondary should consist of a one-dimensional array of mirrors extending $\sim 700\,$m to achieve 1 AU resolution, or $\sim 100\,$m to achieve 4 AU resolution.
description: 12 pages including 3 embedded figures
Topological axion electrodynamics and 4-group symmetry
Creators: name: Hidaka, Yoshimasa
name: Nitta, Muneto
name: Yokokura, Ryo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study higher-form symmetries and a higher group in the low energy limit of a $(3+1)$-dimensional axion electrodynamics with a massive axion and a massive photon. A topological field theory describing topological excitations with the axion-photon coupling, which we call a topological axion electrodynamics, is obtained in the low energy limit. Higher-form symmetries of the topological axion electrodynamics are specified by equations of motion and Bianchi identities. We find that there are induced anyons on the intersections of symmetry generators. By a link of worldlines of the anyons, we show that the worldvolume of an axionic domain wall is topologically ordered. We further specify the underlying mathematical structure elegantly describing all salient features of the theory to be a 4-group.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures; v2: minor revision, published version with more references
title: ADCO, Cart. 186 (11 H 71), f. 0126r
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CBMA/CG21/F.PETOT/2012
name: Petot, Frédéric
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cartulaire
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, t. II (XVe siècle), tome II, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, C
art. 186 (11 H 71). Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, t. II (XVe siècle), tome II, Archives départementales de la
 Côte-d'Or, Cart. 186 (11 H 71), f. 0126r, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-
project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
O'ZBEK TILIDAGI DIALEKTOLAGIK VA AREAL LINGVISTIK TADQIQOTLARGA SHARH
Creators: name: Saidova, Sayyora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: O‘zbek tilining areal lingvistik tadqiqotlari Kasim Muxammedjonovning “Janubiy Qozog‘iston o‘zbek shevalarini hududiy o‘rganish” nomli tadqiqot ishida ham batafsil to‘xtalib o‘tilgan. Har bir shevaning tarqalish zonasi doirasidagi fonetik va morfologik izoglossalarni frontal tadqiq qilish, izoglossning yangilanish markazi va ularning sohalarini tadqiq etishni maqsad qilgan ushbu tadqiqot ishida dialektologik tahlildan foydalangan holda hudud shevasiga areal yondashilgan.
Scientific and popular knowledge as part of the educational process
Creators: name: Petrushka, Alina
name: Perun, Maria
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Library and Information Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: Comprehensive study of the student’s information needs is an important prerequisite for
creating an optimal system of printed and electronic information resources which are
intended for educational use in accordance with the specialties curriculum.
De Rham cohomology of configuration spaces with Poisson measure
Creators: name: Albeverio, S.
name: Daletskii, A.
name: Lytvynov, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 14F40, 58A10, 58A14, 60G57

description: The space $Γ_X$ of all locally finite configurations in a Riemannian manifold $X$ of infinite volume is considered. The deRham complex of square-integrable differential forms over $Γ_X$, equipped with the Poisson measure, and the corresponding deRham cohomology are studied. The latter is shown to be unitarily isomorphic to a certain Hilbert tensor algebra generated by the $L^2$-cohomology of the underlying manifold $X$.
title: ADCO, Septième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661-1665), Cart. 29 (G 134), 996 folios, f. 0402
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
name: Petot, Frédéric
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire

description: Septième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661-1665), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 29 (G 134), 996 folios, f. 0402, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Septième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661-1665), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 29 (G 134), 996 folios, f. 0402, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
Strong Gravity Extruding Peaks in Speed of Sound Profiles of Massive Neutron Stars
Creators: name: Cai, Bao-Jun
name: Li, Bao-An
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The speed of sound squared (SSS) $s^2$ in massive neutron stars (NSs) characterizes not only the stiffness of supradense neutron-rich matter within but also equivalently properties of the curved geometry due to the strong-field gravity and matter-geometry coupling. A peaked density or radius profile of $s^2$ has been predicted for massive NSs using various NS Equation of State (EOS) models. However, the nature, cause, location and size of the peak in $s^2$ profiles are still very EOS model dependent. In this work, we investigate systematically $s^2$ profiles in massive NSs in a new approach that is independent of the nuclear EOS model and without any presumption about the NS structure and/or composition. In terms of the small quantities (reduced radius, the energy density and pressure scaled by their central values), we perform double-element perturbative expansions in solving perturbatively the scaled Tolman--Oppenheimer--Volkoff (TOV) equations and analyzing $s^2$ profiles from the Newtonian limit to the general relativistic (GR) case. The GR term in the TOV equations plays a twofold role: it compresses NS matter and modifies the pressure/energy density ratio from small values in Newtonian stars showing no $s^2$ peak to large ones for massive NSs possessing a peak in their $s^2$ profiles, and eventually takes away the peak in extremely compact/massive NSs approaching the causality limit. {In particular, the peaked behavior in $s^2$ is expected to emerge near the center of massive NSs like PSR J0740+6620, while a sharp phase transition is unlikely to occur there.} These features revealed from our analyses are universal as they are intrinsic properties of the GR stellar structure equations independent of the still very uncertain EOS of supradense neutron-rich matter in NSs.
description: Added/revised some discussions. Phys. Rev. D in press
Light Gluinos and Jet Production in $\bar p p$ Collisions
Creators: name: Bern, Zvi
name: Grant, Aaron K.
name: Morgan, Andrew G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The impact of a light, long lived gluino on jet production cross sections in $\bar p p$ collisions is estimated. The effect is found to be relatively modest, particularly when gluinos are incorporated into the parton densities of the proton. Although a light gluino does enhance the production of jets at high $E_T$, the effect is insufficient, by itself, to explain the high $E_T$ excess observed by CDF.
description: 13 pages (LaTeX) with 5 PostScript figures (included with epsfig.sty)
An extended cold gas absorber in a central cluster galaxy
Creators: name: Smith, Russell J.
name: Edge, Alastair C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the serendipitous discovery of an extended cold gas structure projected close to the brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) of the z=0.045 cluster Abell 3716, from archival integral field spectroscopy. The gas is revealed through narrow Na D line absorption, seen against the stellar light of the BCG, which can be traced for $\sim$25 kpc, with a width of 2-4 kpc. The gas is offset to higher velocity than the BCG (by $\sim$100 km/s), showing that it is infalling rather than outflowing; the intrinsic linewidth is $\sim$80 km/s (FWHM). Very weak H$α$ line emission is detected from the structure, and a weak dust absorption feature is suggested from optical imaging, but no stellar counterpart has been identified. We discuss some possible interpretations for the absorber: as a projected low-surface-brightness galaxy, as a stream of gas that was stripped from an infalling cluster galaxy, or as a "retired" cool-core nebula filament.
description: MNRAS Letters, accepted
Simulated VLBI Images From Relativistic Hydrodynamic Jet Models
Creators: name: Mioduszewski, Amy J.
name: Hughes, Philip A.
name: Duncan, G. Comer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A series of simulated maps showing the appearance in total intensity of flows computed using a recently developed relativistic hydrodynamic code (Duncan \& Hughes 1994: ApJ, 436, L119) are presented. The radiation transfer calculations were performed by assuming the flow is permeated by a magnetic field and fast particle distribution in energy equipartition, with energy density proportional to the hydrodynamic energy density (i.e., pressure). We find that relativistic flows subject to strong perturbations exhibit a density structure consisting of a series of nested bow shocks, and that this structure is evident in the intensity maps for large viewing angles. However, for viewing angles $<30^{\circ}$, differential Doppler boosting leads to a series of axial knots of emission, similar to the pattern exhibited by many VLBI sources. The appearance of VLBI knots is determined primarily by the Doppler boosting of parts of a more extended flow. To study the evolution of a perturbed jet, a time series of maps was produced and an integrated flux light curve created. The light curve shows features characteristic of a radio loud AGN: small amplitude variations and a large outburst. We find that in the absence of perturbations, jets with a modest Lorentz factor ($\sim 5$) exhibit complex intensity maps, while faster jets (Lorentz factor $\sim 10$) are largely featureless. We also study the appearance of kiloparsec jet-counterjet pairs by producing simulated maps at relatively large viewing angles; we conclude that observed hot spot emission is more likely to be associated with the Mach disk than with the outer, bow shock.
description: 27 pages, uses aasms4.sty; 18 PostScript figures (1.57Mb gziped, 8.67Mb gunziped) available from http://www.astro.lsa.umich.edu/users/hughes/icon_dir/rad.html or by anonymous ftp from ra.astro.lsa.umich.edu in pub/get/hughes. Submitted to Ap. J
Chaerophyllum sylvestre Linnaeus, 1753, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1753
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Apiales
Apiaceae
Chaerophyllum
Chaerophyllum sylvestre

description: Chaerophyllum sylvestre, spec. nov.
1. Chaerophyllum flosculis omnibus fertilibus, caule aequali.
 Chaerophyllum seminibus laevibus nitidis, petiolis rameis aequalibus. Hort. cliff. 101. Fl. suec. 243. Roy. lugdb. 112. Mat. med. 143.
 Chaerophyllum sylvestre perenne, cicutae folio. Tournef. inst. 114. Fl. lapp. 104.
 Myrrhis sylvestris, seminibus laevibus. Bauh. pin. 160.
 Cicutaria vulgaris. Dod. pempt. 701.
 Habitat in Europae pomariis & cultis. ♃
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 258, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989
Causal and Stable Superfluid Hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Hoult, Raphael E.
name: Shukla, Ashish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the linearized stability and causality properties of relativistic viscous superfluid hydrodynamics. The Landau-Lifshitz-Clark-Putterman formulation for the theory of relativistic viscous superfluids suffers from the same instability and acausality issues as the relativistic Navier-Stokes equation for normal fluids when written in the formulations of Eckart or Landau and Lifshitz. We show that conditions to ensure stability and causality can be satisfied with judicious redefinitions of the hydrodynamic variables. The conditions we obtain hold at non-zero superfluid velocity as well.
description: v1: 39 pages. v2: Reference updated. v3: 40 pages, added an appendix, minor presentation improvements, added references, matches version published in JHEP
Operators of Gamma white noise analysis
Creators: name: Kondratiev, Yu.
name: Lytvynov, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The paper is devoted to the study of Gamma white noise analysis. We define an extended Fock space $\Gama(\Ha)$ over $\Ha=L^2(\R^d, dσ)$, and show how to include the usual Fock space ${\cal F} (\Ha)$ in it as a subspace. We introduce in $\Gama(\Ha)$ operators $a(ξ)=\int_{\R^d} dx ξ(x)a(x)$, $ξ\in S$, with $a(x)=\dig_x+2\dig_x\di_x+1+\di_x +\dig_x\di_x\di_x$, where $\dig_x$ and $\di_x$ are the creation and annihilation operators at $x$. We show that $(a(ξ))_{ξ\in S}$ is a family of commuting selfadjoint operators in $\Gama(\Ha)$ and construct the Fourier transform in generalized joint eigenvectors of this family. This transform is a unitary $I$ between $\Gama(\Ha)$ and the $L^2$-space $L^2(S',dμ_{\mathrm G})$, where $μ_{\mathrm G}$ is the measure of Gamma white noise with intensity $σ$. The image of $a(ξ)$ under $I$ is the operator of multiplication by $\la\cdot,ξ\ra$, so that $a(ξ)$'s are Gamma field operators. The Fock structure of the Gamma space determined by $I$ coincides with that discovered in {\bf [}{\it Infinite Dimensional Analysis, Quantum Probability and Related Topics} {\bf 1} (1998), 91--117{\bf ]}. We note that $I$ extends in a natural way the multiple stochastic integral (chaos) decomposition of the ``chaotic'' subspace of the Gamma space. Next, we introduce and study spaces of test and generalized functions of Gamma white noise and derive explicit formulas for the action of the creation, neutral, and Gamma annihilation operators on these spaces.
Educational renewal of physician training in Australia and New Zealand: Multiple educational innovations in a complex environment
Creators: name: Udemans, Rebecca
name: Marie-Louise Stokes
name: Rigby, Louise
name: Khanna, Priya
name: Christiansen, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Aim: The Royal Australasian College of Physicians is renewing its specialty training programs and shifting towards competency-based medical education. Our aim is to improve the quality and rigor of training and graduate outcomes, and promote high standards of physician practice to serve the health of patients, families, and communities in a changing healthcare environment. Methods: We are progressing holistic change and multiple educational innovations in a complex environment. Numerous stakeholders, a disparate training landscape and a largely volunteer supervisor workforce pose challenges in supporting effective implementation. This paper describes our progress and experience with three key components of our education renewal program: curricular renewal, a new selection process and faculty development. It offers reflections on the practical challenges, lessons learned and factors critical for success. Conclusions: Our experience highlights opportunities for training organizations to maximize their influence over workplace training experiences and outcomes by taking a systems approach to the design, delivery and evaluation of the components of education renewal. We found that design, development and delivery of our multiple educational innovations have benefited from co-design approaches, progressive and concurrent development, continual exploration of new strategies, and implementation as soon as viable with a commitment to iterative improvements over time.
New Constraints on SO(10) Model-Building from String Theory
Creators: name: Dienes, Keith R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recent analysis of the methods by which higher-level gauge symmetries are realized in string theory has made it possible to systematically obtain new constraints on string GUT model-building. In this paper, we perform such a study for the case of SO(10) free-field string GUT models, and find a number of significant new results. First, we show that within the conventional string models using the so-called ``diagonal'' embeddings, all representations larger than the 16 must always transform as singlets under all gauge symmetries beyond SO(10). This includes the 45 and 54 representations, and holds regardless of the affine level at which SO(10) is realized. Furthermore, we show that such constructions can never give rise to the 120, 126, or 144 representations of SO(10) --- again regardless of the affine level. We also perform a similar analysis for E_6, and find that the adjoint 78 representation must always transform as a singlet under all gauge symmetries beyond E_6; moreover, all representations beyond the 78 representation are prohibited. Taken together, these results thus severely limit the types of phenomenologically realistic field-theoretic SO(10) and E_6 models that can be obtained using such string constructions. Finally, we also explore the possibility of using non-diagonal free-field embeddings, and show that in the SO(10) case such embeddings may have improved phenomenological prospects.
description: 21 pages, LaTeX, no figures; revised/expanded version matches version to appear in Nucl. Phys. B
Quantum transport in an environment parametrized by dispersive bosons
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Monodeep
name: Fehske, Holger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize the two-channel (Edwards) fermion-boson model describing quantum transport in a background medium to the more realistic case of dispersive bosons. Using the variational exact diagonalization technique, we numerically solve the extended model in a one-dimensional setting, for both downward and upward curved boson dispersion, and show that going away from the previous Einstein-boson assumption has profound consequences for the particle transport. Specifically, we analyze the ground-state and spectral properties and demonstrate the renormalization of the particle's coherent band, effective mass, photoemission spectra and fermion-boson correlation functions due to the interplay of fluctuations and correlations in a dispersive environment.
description: 8 pages, 13 figures
The Heavy Quark Potential from Wilson's Exact Renormalization Group
Creators: name: Ellwanger, Ulrich
name: Hirsch, Manfred
name: Weber, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a calculation of the full momentum dependence of the gluon and ghost propagators in pure SU(3) Yang-Mills theory by integrating Wilson's exact renormalization group equations with respect to an infrared cutoff k. The heavy quark potential in the quenched approximation can be expressed in terms of these propagators. Our results strongly indicate a 1/p^4 behaviour of the heavy quark potential for $p^2 \to 0$. We show in general, that effective actions which satisfy Schwinger-Dyson equations, correspond to (quasi-) fixed points of Wilson's exact renormalization group equations.
description: 33 pages, 9 figs, (Comments on the compatibility of the approximations with BRST invariance have been added)
Well-covered Unitary Cayley Graphs of Matrix Rings over Finite Fields and Applications
Creators: name: Rahimi, Shahin
name: Nikseresht, Ashkan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C25, 05C69, 15B33, 13H10

description: Suppose that $F$ is a finite field and $R=M_n(F)$ is the ring of $n$-square matrices over $F$. Here we characterize when the Cayley graph of the additive group of $R$ with respect to the set of invertible elements of $R$, called the unitary Cayley graph of $R$, is well-covered. Then we apply this to characterize all finite rings with identity whose unitary Cayley graph is well-covered or Cohen-Macaulay.
title: Investigation of the role of GC-αlpha in activating cGMP signalling in Plasmodium falciparum and how cyclic nucleotide signalling modulates molecular motor function.
Creators: name: Nofal, SD
Publisher: name: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Year: 2019

description: Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) is an important signalling molecule which regulates critical events across all stages of the malaria parasite lifecycle. To further our understanding of how cGMP signalling governs important events involved in blood stage egress and invasion as well as gametocyte development and gametogenesis, this study investigates two different members of this signalling cascade in Plasmodium falciparum parasites. Guanylyl Cyclase a (GC-alpha) is a large, seemingly bifunctional enzyme, which consists of a type IV P-type ATPase domain, which is predicted to flip aminophospholipids between lipid bilayer leaflets; and a GC domain, which is thought to be responsible for generating cGMP. Using a combination of approaches including mutagenesis and conditional disruption of PfGC-alpha, work presented in this thesis confirms that GC-alpha is responsible for cGMP synthesis and that both ATPase and GC domains are required for asexual blood stage growth. Although the exact role of the ATPase domain remains unknown, chemical complementation of GC-alpha-deficient parasites, which lack both ATPase and GC domains, with a cGMP analogue has revealed that the ultimate role of the ATPase is in modulating cGMP synthesis. Activation of this cGMP signalling cascade culminates in the phosphorylation of numerous effector proteins, many of which form part of the glideosome. This includes the actomyosin motor protein, Myosin A (MyoA), which is phosphorylated at serine 19 (S19). Since the glideosome generates the force required for merozoites to invade host cells, these cGMP-dependent phosphorylation events may be involved in modulating motor activity. In the second part of this thesis, conditional disruption of MyoA has confirmed that the actomyosin motor is essential for red blood cell invasion, however it is dispensable during gametocyte development and gametogenesis. Complementation of the MyoA knockout line with mutant versions of the protein that either mimic or ablate phosphorylation of S19 revealed that phosphorylation of this residue is important but not essential for parasite viability. In vitro motility assays using material derived from parasites expressing either wild type or mutant MyoA demonstrate that non-phosphorylated MyoA displays slower motility, providing evidence that cGMP-dependent phosphorylation is involved in modulating the activity of the actomyosin motor.
Answering Visual-Relational Queries in Web-Extracted Knowledge Graphs
Creators: name: Oñoro-Rubio, Daniel
name: Niepert, Mathias
name: García-Durán, Alberto
name: González, Roberto
name: López-Sastre, Roberto J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A visual-relational knowledge graph (KG) is a multi-relational graph whose entities are associated with images. We explore novel machine learning approaches for answering visual-relational queries in web-extracted knowledge graphs. To this end, we have created ImageGraph, a KG with 1,330 relation types, 14,870 entities, and 829,931 images crawled from the web. With visual-relational KGs such as ImageGraph one can introduce novel probabilistic query types in which images are treated as first-class citizens. Both the prediction of relations between unseen images as well as multi-relational image retrieval can be expressed with specific families of visual-relational queries. We introduce novel combinations of convolutional networks and knowledge graph embedding methods to answer such queries. We also explore a zero-shot learning scenario where an image of an entirely new entity is linked with multiple relations to entities of an existing KG. The resulting multi-relational grounding of unseen entity images into a knowledge graph serves as a semantic entity representation. We conduct experiments to demonstrate that the proposed methods can answer these visual-relational queries efficiently and accurately.
Internal Kinematics of Galaxies at z=0.25-0.45
Creators: name: Simard, Luc
name: Pritchet, Christopher J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low-mass starbursting galaxies have been proposed as the explanation of the excess of faint galaxies observed at intermediate redshifts. If this hypothesis is correct, then intermediate redshift galaxies should rotate more slowly than nearby galaxies with the same rest-frame luminosity. We present the results of a survey of the internal kinematics of intermediate redshift (z = 0.25-0.45) field galaxies to search for this effect. Using the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope, spatially-resolved spectra of the [O II] $λλ$ 3726- 3729 Ådoublet emission line have been obtained for 22 galaxies. V$_{\rm rot} $ sin i and [O II] disk scale lengths have been extracted from each galaxy spectrum using a Bayesian fitting technique. Galaxies in the sample are found to be $\sim$1.5-2.0 mag brighter than expected from their rotation velocity and the local Tully-Fisher (TF) relation. Low-mass galaxies exhibit a wider range of evolution relative to the TF relation than high-mass galaxies. The main source of uncertainty in this result is the large scatter in the local TF relation for late-type galaxies. Luminosity-dependent luminosity evolution neatly reconciles the lack of evolution seen in other works with the results of our survey. It is also found that the overall properties of [OII] kinematics at intermediate redshifts are varied. For example, 25% of the field galaxies in the sample have [OII] kinematics unrelated to rotation; [OII] emission is confined to the nucleus in most of these galaxies. Anomalous kinematics is found to be related to the presence of companions -- i.e. minor merger events. A Doppler ellipse similar to those found in local dwarf galaxies has been observed in a z = 0.35 galaxy, and may be interpreted as a supernova-driven supershell.
description: 8 pages and 1 figure, AASTeX v4.0 2-column preprint style. Submitted to ApJ Letters. Also available through anonymous FTP at ftp://astroftp.phys.uvic.ca/pub/simard/