cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Optimization and first tests of the experimental setup to investigate the double-polarized DD-fusion reactions
Creators: name: Solovev, A.
name: Andreyanov, A.
name: Barion, L.
name: Ciullo, G.
name: Engels, R.
name: Fotyev, V.
name: Ivshin, K.
name: Kochenda, L.
name: Kravchenko, P.
name: Kravtsov, P.
name: Larionov, V.
name: Rozhdestvensky, A.
name: Sherman, S.
name: Solovyev, I.
name: Trofimov, V.
name: Vasilyev, A.
name: collaboration, M. Vznuzdaev of the PolFusion
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of DD reactions, especially with polarized reactants, helps for better understanding of the processes taking place in nuclear astrophysics and fusion reactors. At PNPI Gatchina, Russia, the PolFusion experiment with crossing of two polarized beams, i.e. a deuteron and a deuterium beam, is able to measure angular distributions of the differential cross section and, therefore, the spin-correlations coefficients with different combinations of the adjustable nuclear polarization of both beams with a center-of-mass energy between 10 to 100 keV. Some improvements and fine-tuning of the polarized ion source are performed and presented. The atomic beam source for the jet target has been modified as well. An unpolarized experiment with a 10 keV ion beam and heavy water vapor as a target has been carried out with successful registration of the fusion products
description: The International Conference "Instrumentation for Colliding Beam Physics" (INSTR 20) 24 - 28 February, 2020. Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, and Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
Effect of Farm-Level Constraints, Existing and Prospective Policies on Expansion of Coconut-Based Intercropping in Sri Lanka
Creators: name: Fernando, Neil
name: Edwards, Ian E.
name: Thomson, Kenneth J.
name: Daw, Mike
name: Fernando, Neil
name: Edwards, Ian E.
name: Thomson, Kenneth J.
name: Daw, Mike
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Coconut-based intercropping (CBI) in Sri Lanka was introduced some 20 years ago to overcome the two main limitations of traditional coconut monocropping, inefficient land use and low incomes to farmers, but it has not been widely adopted. This study analyses the effect of farm-level resource constraints, and government policies on the intensity of adoption of CBI. A multiperiod linear programming (MLP) model was applied for three farmer groups - resource poor, medium endowed, well endowed - categorised using cluster analysis. Data was collected from a survey of randomly selected 113 intercroppers. Empirical results reveal that expansion of CBI is mainly constrained by seasonal labour shortages for all farmer groups, particularly the well endowed, and by the scarcity of cash in the case of resource-poor farmers. CBI policies aimed at subsidising inputs or intercrop prices are not likely to be efficient in raising adoption, but alternative policies aimed at alleviating resource constraints would be more effective. The study concluded that the low adoption of CBI is mainly attributable to the scarcity of different farm-level resources (other than land), at varying degrees among different farmer groups. Hence a targeted approach to alleviate them is suggested.
Novel hydrogen clathrate hydrate
Creators: name: Wang, Yu
name: Glazyrin, Konstantin
name: Roizen, Valery
name: Oganov, Artem
name: Chernyshov, Ivan
name: Zhang, Xiao
name: Greenberg, Eran
name: Prakapenka, Vitali B.
name: Yang, Xue
name: Jiang, Shu-qing
name: Goncharov, Alexander F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a new hydrogen clathrate hydrate synthesized at 1.2 GPa and 298 K documented by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and first-principles calculations. The oxygen sublattice of the new clathrate hydrate matches that of ice II, while hydrogen molecules are in the ring cavities, which results in the trigonal R3c or R-3c space group (proton ordered or disordered, respectively) and the composition of (H2O)6H2. Raman spectroscopy and theoretical calculations reveal a hydrogen disordered nature of the new phase C1', distinct from the well-known ordered C1 clathrate, to which this new structure transforms upon compression and/or cooling. This new clathrate phase can be viewed as a realization of a disordered ice II, unobserved before, in contrast to all other ordered ice structures.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, 1 table; Supplementary materials: Materials and Methods, Supplementary Figures S1-S8, Tables S1-S3, and Bibliography with 18 References
How Will New Farmers Control Farmland
Creators: name: Ibendahl, Gregory A.
name: McCain, Michael
name: Ibendahl, Gregory A.
name: McCain, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Farm Management
Land Economics/Use

description: The U.S. will soon see many farmers retire and younger farmers taking their place. These younger farmers would prefer to purchase the land rather than rent because of the advantages associated with ownership. However, these farmers need to determine how many acres they need to rent in order to support their purchased land and still provide funds for family living. The model developed here is applied to a typical farm in the Midwest. The results indicate that cash rent is a key element of the model.
How particle collisions increase the rate of accretion from the cosmological background onto primordial black holes in braneworld cosmology
Creators: name: Tikhomirov, V. V.
name: Tsalkou, Y. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that, contrary to the widespread opinion, particle collisions considerably increase accretion rate from the cosmological background onto 5D primordial black holes formed during the high-energy phase of the Randall-Sundrum Type II braneworld scenario. Increase of accretion rate leads to much tighter constraints on initial primordial black hole mass fraction imposed by the critical density limit and measurements of high-energy diffuse photon background and antiproton excess.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Period-doubling Instability of Bose-Einstein Condensates Induced in Periodically Translated Optical Lattices
Creators: name: Gemelke, Nathan
name: Sarajlic, Edina
name: Bidel, Yannick
name: Hong, Seokchan
name: Chu, Steven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observe the formation of momentum distributions indicative of spatial period-doubling of superfluid Bose-Einstein condensates in periodically translated optical lattices. The effect is attributed to dynamic instability of the condensate wavefunction caused by modulation-induced coupling of ground and excited bands.
Solvation and Transport of Lithium Ions in Deep Eutectic Solvents
Creators: name: Srinivasan, H.
name: Sharma, V. K.
name: Mukhopadhyay, R.
name: Mitra, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lithium based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are excellent candidates for eco-friendly electrolytes in lithium ion batteries. While some of these DES have shown promising results, a clear mechanism of lithium ion transport in DESs is not yet established. This work reports the study on the solvation and transport of lithium in a DES made from lithium perchlorate and acetamide using Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulation and neutron scattering techniques. Based on hydrogen bonding (H-bonding) of acetamide with neighbouring molecules/ions, two states are largely prevalent: 1) acetamide molecules which are H-bonded to lithium ions (~ 36 %) and 2) acetamide molecules that are entirely free (~ 58%). Analysing their stochastic dynamics independently, it is observed that the long-range diffusion of the former is significantly slower than the latter one. This is also validated from the neutron scattering experiment on the same DES system. Further, the analysis the lithium dynamics shows that the diffusion of acetamide molecules in the first category is strongly coupled to that of lithium ions. On an average the lithium ions are H-bonded to ~ 3.2 acetamide molecules in their first solvation. These observations are further bolstered through the analysis of the H-bond correlation function between acetamide and lithium ions, which show that ~ 90% of lithium ionic transport is achieved by vehicular motion where the ions diffuse along with its first solvation shell. The findings of this work are an important advancement in understanding solvation and transport of lithium ion in DES.
Local Superfield Lagrangian BRST Quantization
Creators: name: Gitman, D. M.
name: Moshin, P. Yu.
name: Reshetnyak, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A $θ$-local formulation of superfield Lagrangian quantization in non-Abelian hypergauges is proposed on the basis of an extension of general reducible gauge theories to special superfield models with a Grassmann parameter $θ$. We solve the problem of describing the quantum action and the gauge algebra of an $L$-stage-reducible superfield model in terms of a BRST charge for a formal dynamical system with first-class constraints of $(L+1)$-stage reducibility. Starting from $θ$-local functions of the quantum and gauge-fixing actions, with an essential use of Darboux coordinates on the antisymplectic manifold, we construct superfield generating functionals of Green's functions, including the effective action. We present two superfield forms of BRST transformations, considered as $θ$-shifts along vector fields defined by Hamiltonian-like systems constructed in terms of the quantum and gauge-fixing actions and an arbitrary $θ$-local boson function, as well as in terms of corresponding fermion functionals, through Poisson brackets with opposite Grassmann parities. The gauge independence of the S-matrix is proved. The Ward identities are derived. Connection is established with the BV method, the multilevel Batalin-Tyutin formalism, as well as with the superfield quantization scheme of Lavrov, Moshin, and Reshetnyak, extended to the case of general coordinates.
description: 22 pages, LaTex, an extension of the article ''An Embedding of the BV Quantization into an N=1 Local Superfield Formalism", hep-th/0507046, corrected typos, added references [8,13] and journal info in [36], reference [17] discussed more accurately
Strong lensing by DHOST black holes
Creators: name: Chagoya, Javier
name: Ortiz, C.
name: Rodríguez, Benito
name: Roque, Armando A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The deflection of light in the strong field limit is an important test for alternative theories of gravity. However, solutions for the metric that allow for analytic computations are not always available. We implement a hybrid analytic-numerical approximation to determine the deflection angle in static, spherically symmetrics pacetimes. We apply this to a set of numerical black hole solutions within the class of theories known as Degenerate Higher Order Scalar-tensor Theories. Comparing our results to a more time consuming full numerical integration, we find that we can accurately describe the deflection angle for light rays passing at arbitrary distances from the photon sphere with a combination of two analytic-numerical approximations. Furthermore, we find a range of parameters where our DHOST black holes predict strong lensing effects whose size is comparable with the uncertainty in the properties of the supermassive black hole in M87 reported by the Event Horizon Telescope, showing that strong lensing is a viable alternative to put constraints on these models.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures
Le développement des soins de qualité aux patients alcoolo-dépendants hospitalisés en milieu aigu
Creators: name: Wick, Sarah
name: Guinchard, Line
name: Dufour, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: stigmatisation
subject: alcoolo-dépendance
subject: soins infirmiers
subject: relation thérapeutique
subject: hesav TB SI

description: Contexte : La consommation chronique d’alcool est un problème de santé publique. La prise en soins de personnes alcoolo-dépendantes, en milieu aigu, peut se révéler très ardue et générer beaucoup d’attitudes négatives. Ces attitudes négatives peuvent conduire à une importante stigmatisation de la part des soignants et donc influencer la prise en soins. Objectif : Le but de la recherche est d’identifier les interventions permettant aux infirmières d’améliorer la qualité des soins auprès des personnes alcoolo-dépendantes hospitalisées en milieu de soins aigus. Méthode : Six articles scientifiques ont été sélectionnés sur les bases de données PubMed et CINAHL. Un article a été sélectionné sur la base des références de plusieurs articles. Ces études ont été analysées à l’aide des grilles de lecture critique (Fortin & Gagnon, 2016). La théorie du Caring de Jean Watson a permis, au travers de 3 facteurs caratifs, de synthétiser les résultats de ces sept articles. Résultats : La formation approfondie sur l’alcool, ainsi que les stages cliniques, permettent d’une part d’augmenter considérablement l’attitude positive des infirmières face aux patients présentant une dépendance à l’alcool et d’autre part à s’engager dans une relation thérapeutique. Les études révèlent aussi qu’au travers des formations, les infirmières gagnent en confiance et en assurance quant aux soins qu’elles doivent délivrer aux personnes souffrant d’une pathologie alcoolique. Conclusion : Les formations théoriques, pratiques ainsi que les échanges durant les études en soins infirmiers, ainsi que post diplôme sont essentielles pour améliorer la qualité de la prise en soins des personnes alcoolo-dépendantes. Elles permettent une meilleure compréhension de la maladie et de son mécanisme, une acceptation de sa composante, et conduit à des attitudes plus positives afin d’engager une relation thérapeutique.
Noncommutative QCD, first-order-in-theta-deformed instantons and 't Hooft vertices
Creators: name: Martin, C. P.
name: Tamarit, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For commutative Euclidean time, we study the existence of field configurations that {\it a)} are formal power series expansions in $hθ^{\m\n}$, {\it b)} go to ordinary (anti-)instantons as $hθ^{\m\n}\to 0$, and {\it c)} render stationary the classical action of Euclidean noncommutative SU(3) Yang-Mills theory. We show that the noncommutative (anti-)self-duality equations have no solutions of this type at any order in $hθ^{\m\n}$. However, we obtain all the deformations --called first-order-in-$θ$-deformed instantons-- of the ordinary instanton that, at first order in $hθ^{\m\n}$, satisfy the equations of motion of Euclidean noncommutative SU(3) Yang-Mills theory. We analyze the quantum effects that these field configurations give rise to in noncommutative SU(3) with one, two and three nearly massless flavours and compute the corresponding 't Hooft vertices, also, at first order in $hθ^{\m\n}$. Other issues analyzed in this paper are the existence at higher orders in $hθ^{\m\n}$ of topologically nontrivial solutions of the type mentioned above and the classification of the classical vacua of noncommutative SU(N) Yang-Mills theory that are power series in $hθ^{\m\n}$.
description: Latex. Some macros. No figures. 42 pages. Typos corrected
Critical Point Calculations by Numerical Inversion of Functions
Creators: name: Parajara, C. N.
name: Platt, G. M.
name: Neto, F. D. Moura
name: Escobar, M.
name: Libotte, G. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this work, we propose a new approach to the problem of critical point calculation, based on the formulation of Heidemann and Khalil (1980). This leads to a $2 \times 2$ system of nonlinear algebraic equations in temperature and molar volume, which makes possible the prediction of critical points of the mixture through an adaptation of the technique of inversion of functions from the plane to the plane, proposed by Malta, Saldanha, and Tomei (1993). The results are compared to those obtained by three methodologies: ($i$) the classical method of Heidemann and Khalil (1980), which uses a double-loop structure, also in terms of temperature and molar volume; ($ii$) the algorithm of Dimitrakopoulos, Jia, and Li (2014), which employs a damped Newton algorithm and ($iii$) the methodology proposed by Nichita and Gomez (2010), based on a stochastic algorithm. The proposed methodology proves to be robust and accurate in the prediction of critical points, as well as provides a global view of the nonlinear problem.
Additional file 1 of Assessing the costs and efficiency of HIV testing and treatment services in rural Malawi: implications for future “test and start” strategies
Creators: name: Vyas, Seema
name: Songo, John
name: Guinness, Lorna
name: Dube, Albert
name: Geis, Steffen
name: Thokozani Kalua
name: Todd, Jim
name: Renju, Jenny
name: Crampin, Amelia
name: Wringe, Alison
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. : Supplementary Tables.
The biography of the lexicographer Ishoʻ bar ʻAli (ʻĪsā b. ʻAlī)
Creators: name: Butts, Aaron Michael
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 93 (2009): Oriens christianus, Band 93
New soft gamma-ray bursts in the BATSE records and spectral properties of X-ray rich bursts
Creators: name: Tikhomirova, Yana
name: Stern, Boris
name: Kozyreva, Alexandra
name: Poutanen, Juri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A population of X-ray dominated gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) observed by Ginga, BeppoSax and Hete-2 should be represented in the BATSE data as presumably soft bursts. We have performed a search for soft GRBs in the BATSE records in the 25--100 keV energy band. A softness of a burst spectrum can be a reason why it has been missed by the on-board procedure and previous searches for untriggered GRBs tuned to 50--300 keV range. We have found a surprisingly small number (~20/yr down to 0.1 ph cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$) of soft GRBs where the count rate is dominated by 25--50 keV energy channel. This fact as well as the analysis of HETE-2 and common BeppoSAX/BATSE GRBs indicates that the majority of GRBs with a low Epeak has a relatively hard tail with the high-energy power-law photon index >-3. An exponential cutoff in GRB spectra below 20 keV may be a distinguishing feature separating non-GRB events.
description: Submitted to MNRAS, 5 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
Two scenarios for avalanche dynamics in inclined granular layers
Creators: name: Borzsonyi, Tamas
name: Halsey, Thomas C.
name: Ecke, Robert E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report experimental measurements of avalanche behavior of thin granular layers on an inclined plane for low volume flow rate. The dynamical properties of avalanches were quantitatively and qualitatively different for smooth glass beads compared to irregular granular materials such as sand. Two scenarios for granular avalanches on an incline are identified and a theoretical explanation for these different scenarios is developed based on a depth-averaged approach that takes into account the differing rheologies of the granular materials.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, accepted to Phys. Rev. Lett
Additional file 5 of Combination of the PI3K inhibitor Idelalisib with the conventional cytostatics cytarabine and dexamethasone leads to changes in pathway activation that induce anti-proliferative effects in B lymphoblastic leukaemia cell lines
Creators: name: L.-M. Sklarz
name: Y. S. Gladbach
name: M. Ernst
name: M. Hamed
name: C. Roolf
name: S. Sender
name: J. Beck
name: E. Schütz
name: S. Fischer
name: S. Struckmann
name: C. Junghanss
name: G. Fuellen
name: Escobar, H. Murua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5. pathway_components. Abstract of the WNT and BCR signaling pathway and the components.
Where is Farm Management Going?
Creators: name: Kemp, David R.
name: Girdwood, John
name: Parton, Kevin A.
name: Charry, Al A.
name: Kemp, David R.
name: Girdwood, John
name: Parton, Kevin A.
name: Charry, Al A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Farm Management

description: Farms and farming are major contributors to the world economy, directly responsible for a large part of GDP. These achievements are not trivial and imply that farms are being managed in reasonably effective ways, else agricultural industries would not be sustained. However the study of Farm Management within Australia has been limited over recent decades. Is it contributing to better farm management or merely cataloguing what has happened? Is it leading or following? During that time there has been an increasing interest in managing farms more sustainably, with emphasis in issues beyond short-term profitability to encompassing rural communities, ecosystems, biodiversity, ethics of technology and politics. The complexity of management has increased. This paper reviews aspects of Farm Management and how the discipline / field is viewed by different participants. This will be contrasted with related areas of research that have expanded over recent times. It is argued that Farm Management is more a field than an identifiable discipline and questions are raised about where and why Farm Management is going. Suggestions are made about where future studies in farm management could go, the needs for teaching this subject and what are the challenges to be faced in order to enhance the relevance of farm management studies for professional farmers.
Perspectives on Quantum Gravity Phenomenology
Creators: name: Sudarsky, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The idea that quantum gravity manifestations would be associated with a violation of Lorentz invariance is very strongly bounded and faces serious theoretical challenges. Other related ideas seem to be drowning in interpretational quagmires. This leads us to consider alternative lines of thought for such phenomenological search. We discuss the underlying viewpoints and briefly mention their possible connections with other current theoretical ideas.
description: Latex, 23 pages
Reducing Budget Risk by Using Probabilities
Creators: name: Van Blokland, P.J.
name: Van Blokland, P.J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agricultural Finance
Risk and Uncertainty

description: This paper emphasises the importance of budgeting for a family run firm. It concentrates on the inadequacy of the typical budget forecast that is shown to firm owners and lenders. This original budget is changed to a useful indicator of the firm's future by incorporating risk, using probabilities and a decision tree. Without this incorporation the firm can misallocate its anticipated net income between family salary, firm re-investment and debt reduction. The final budget, adjusted to the individual firm's risk calculations, produces a weighted net income. This number is a more realistic one for allocating salary, investment and principal.
Schnittpunkte zwischen Christentum und Medizin im spätantiken Sasanidenreich
Creators: name: Bruns, Peter
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 93 (2009): Oriens christianus, Band 93
Abundances in giant stars of the globular cluster NGC 6752
Creators: name: Yong, David
name: Grundahl, Frank
name: Nissen, Poul Erik
name: Jensen, Henrik Robenhagen
name: Lambert, David L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent theoretical yields and chemical evolution models demonstrate that intermediate-mass AGB stars cannot reproduce the observed abundance distributions of O, Na, Mg, and Al. As a further observational test of this finding, we present elemental abundance ratios [X/Fe] for 20 elements in 38 bright giants of the globular cluster NGC 6752. Our mean abundance ratios [X/Fe] are in good agreement with previous studies of this cluster and are also consistent with other globular clusters and field stars at the same metallicity. The mean abundance ratios [Ba/Eu] and [La/Eu] exhibit values, in agreement with field stars at the same metallicity, that lie approximately midway between the pure r-process and the solar (s-process + r-process) mix, indicating that AGB stars have played a role in the chemical evolution of the proto-cluster gas. For the first time, we find possible evidence for an abundance variation for elements heavier than Al in this cluster. We find a correlation between [Si/Fe] and [Al/Fe] which is consistent with the abundance anomalies being synthesized via proton captures at high temperatures. Leakage from the Mg-Al chain into 28Si may explain the Si excess in stars with the highest [Al/Fe]. We identify correlations between [Y/Fe] and [Al/Fe], [Zr/Fe] and [Al/Fe], and [Ba/Fe] and [Al/Fe] suggesting that Y, Zr, and Ba abundances may increase by about 0.1 dex as Al increases by about 1.3 dex. While the correlations are statistically significant, the amplitudes of the variations are small. If the small variations in Y, Zr, and Ba are indeed real, then the synthesis of the Al anomalies must have taken place within an unknown class of stars that also ran the s-process. [Abridged]
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Farming the "Miracle"
Creators: name: Troskie, Dirk P.
name: Troskie, Dirk P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Farm Management

description: The peaceful political transition of South Africa in 1994 was widely considered to be a "miracle". Now, nine years later, the "miracle" is firmly entrenched in the society. But, how did the average farmer adapt to the changes resulting from this "miracle"? This is the question to be addressed in this paper. Following a brief historical overview, the underlying structural changes will be discussed and building on this basis the major overt changes will be identified. The reactions of farmers will be discussed with the aid of two case studies of which the first will be based on the wheat industry and the second on the wool industry of the Western Cape Province of South Africa. Finally, specific conclusions regarding vertical and horizontal relationships will be made.
Comparison of dynamical model atmospheres of Mira variables with mid-infrared interferometric and spectroscopic observations
Creators: name: Ohnaka, K.
name: Scholz, M.
name: Wood, P. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comparison of dynamical model atmospheres with mid-infrared (~11 micron) interferometric and spectroscopic observations of the Mira variable o Cet. The dynamical model atmospheres of Mira variables pulsating in the fundamental mode can fairly explain, without assuming ad-hoc components, the seemingly contradictory mid-infrared spectroscopic and interferometric observations of o Cet: the 11 micron sizes measured in the bandpass without any salient spectral features are about twice as large as those measured in the near-infrared. Our calculations of synthetic spectra show that the strong absorption due to a number of optically thick H2O lines is filled in by the emission of these H2O lines originating in the geometrically extended layers, providing a possible physical explanation for the picture proposed by Ohnaka (2004a) based on a semi-empirical modeling. This filling-in effect results in rather featureless, continuum-like spectra in rough agreement with the observed high-resolution 11 micron spectra, although the models still predict the H2O lines to be more pronounced than the observations. The inverse P-Cyg profiles of some strong H2O lines observed in the 11 micron spectra can also be reasonably reproduced by our dynamical model atmospheres. The presence of the extended H2O layers manifests itself as mid-infrared angular diameters much larger than the continuum diameter. The 11 micron uniform-disk diameters predicted by our dynamical model atmospheres are in fair agreement with those observed with the Infrared Spatial Interferometer (ISI), but still somewhat smaller than the observed diameters. We discuss possible reasons for this discrepancy and problems with the current dynamical model atmospheres of Mira variables.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Additional file 6 of Combination of the PI3K inhibitor Idelalisib with the conventional cytostatics cytarabine and dexamethasone leads to changes in pathway activation that induce anti-proliferative effects in B lymphoblastic leukaemia cell lines
Creators: name: L.-M. Sklarz
name: Y. S. Gladbach
name: M. Ernst
name: M. Hamed
name: C. Roolf
name: S. Sender
name: J. Beck
name: E. Schütz
name: S. Fischer
name: S. Struckmann
name: C. Junghanss
name: G. Fuellen
name: Escobar, H. Murua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6. pw_ranking_Idel. Pathway ranking of pathways with components mTOR, BTK, AKT, and PI3K.
Social and spatial organization of Vancouver Island cougar (Puma concolor vancouverensis, Nelson and Goldman, 1943)
Creators: name: Hahn, Apryl M.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Vancouver Island is noted for having the highest concentration of cougar-human interaction in North America, yet prior to this study, little scientific data were available on the only subspecies of cougar to occur on Vancouver Island. I studied a cougar (Puma concolor vancouverensis) population in coastal temperate rainforests on southeastern Vancouver Island, British Columbia. Initiated in 1991 and conducted during 1993 - 1996, my study examined home range characteristics, dispersal, recruitment, population structure and density. Mean size (61 km) of annual home ranges of female cougar was as small or smaller than reported in other studies. Male home ranges were exclusive and overlapped several resident females, a social structure that is typical of most studied populations. Dispersal of young was male-biased in my study with all young males dispersing from the study area and included the first scientifically documented occurrence of a cougar swimming from Vancouver Island to adjacent Gulf Islands. In contrast, all known female offspring remained within the study area and provided the only identified source of recruitment into the resident female population. Subadult females displayed 100% philopatry establishing home ranges that overlapped or were immediately adjacent to their natal home range. Recruitment of female offspring continued irrespective of increasing density in the final 2 years of the study. Cougar densities (5.0 /100 km²), documented in the final year of the study, were among the highest recorded densities in North America. Observed densities were characterized by small home ranges with considerable home range overlap among resident female cougar. Indices of deer abundance were insufficient to explain the high density of cougar or small size of home ranges. Only 2 types of mortality were identified in this population. Animal control kills contributed most (58%) to cougar mortalities and was likely attributable to the close proximity of the study to human populated areas. Intraspecific killing accounted for 80% of remaining mortality or 33% of total mortalities. The high density and level of intraspecific strife observed in this cougar population are characteristic of a population regulated by social interactions and may suggest that social interactions were a regulatory factor in my study population.
Sur l'effectivite du theoreme de Siegel et la conjecture abc
Creators: name: Surroca, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14G99; 11G50; 11J25

description: Nous montrons qu'un raffinement du théorème de Siegel sur les points entiers de courbes algébriques impliquerait la conjecture abc de Masser-Oesterlé. Nous formulons une hypothèse "Siegel uniforme" qui est une majoration de la hauteur des points S-entiers de la courbe, en termes du corps de rationalité et de l'ensemble de places S. La validité de l'hypothèse pour une quelconque courbe algébrique de caractéristique d'Euler-Poincaré strictement négative, impliquerait une version de la conjecture abc. Ceci étend aux points S-entiers des résultats précédents de L. Moret-Bailly, et est en quelque sorte, un énoncé réciproque de ce que nous avons montré dans math.NT/0408168, en suivant les idées proposées par N. Elkies. Le principal outil géométrique employé est un théorème de G.V. Belyi. Nous montrons aussi quelques versions inconditionnelles de ces énoncés : un résultat allant dans le sens de la conjecture abc, valable sur tout corps de nombres, ainsi que des bornes pour la hauteur des solutions en S-entiers de certaines équations diophantiennes classiques.
description: 23 pages; french; revised version to appear in Journal of Number Theory. Some changes in the introduction and the introduction of section 3, especially in the style. Other minor modifications: lemmas 2.4 and 2.5, in sections 5 and 6 and in the bibliography
On the Two-point Correlation of Potential Vorticity in Rotating and Stratified Turbulence
Creators: name: Kurien, Susan
name: Smith, Leslie M.
name: Wingate, Beth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A framework is developed to describe the two-point statistics of potential vorticity in rotating and stratified turbulence as described by the Boussinesq equations. The Karman-Howarth equation for the dynamics of the two-point correlation function of potential vorticity reveals the possibility of inertial-range dynamics in certain regimes in the Rossby, Froude, Prandtl and Reynolds number parameters. For the case of large Rossby and Froude numbers, and for the case of quasi-geostrophic dynamics, a linear scaling law with 2/3 prefactor is derived for the third-order mixed correlation between potential vorticity and velocity, a result that is analogous to the Kolmogorov 4/5-law for the third-order velocity structure function in turbulence theory.
description: 10 pages, to appear in Journal of Fluid Mechanics (2006)
Comparing Wine Consuming Habits in Hypermarkets of the Netherlands and Hungary
Creators: name: Szabo, Zoltan
name: Szabo, Zoltan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: Consuming habits have very much changed in Hungary in the last decades after the transformation. To get everything at the same place got bigger importance. According to this influence big super and hypermarkets have been created and shopping centres came alive. These days it is very important to realise what the consumers want and to understand they motives. My objective was to get to know consumer habits and wine consuming habits in hypermarkets and to compare a West European hypermarket with one Central Eastern European country after the transformation in order to realise similarities and differences and if possible some conclusions to the future of these kind of distribution channels in CEE countries. The other important part of the research was to get information about people's opinion about the hypermarket and to realise the more important influencing factors in their preference scale. These researches were made in the Netherlands at the A&P Hypermarket chain in 2000. During the questionnaire researches I asked 118-118 people and in Hungary at Cora Hypermarkets in 2002 where 170 people were questioned. In my opinion people gave a lot of very important information to the hypermarket chains with highlighting weak and strong points.
Lattice QCD at finite density via a new canonical approach
Creators: name: Alexandru, Andrei
name: Faber, Manfried
name: Horváth, Ivan
name: Liu, Keh-Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We carry out a finite density calculation based on a canonical approach which is designed to address the overlap problem. Two degenerate flavor simulations are performed using Wilson gauge action and Wilson fermions on $4^4$ lattices, at temperatures close to the critical temperature $T_c\approx 170\MeV$ and large densities (5 to 20 times nuclear matter density). In this region, we find that the algorithm works well. We compare our results with those from other approaches.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
Interface Unbinding in Structured Wedges
Creators: name: Giugliarelli, Gilberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The unbinding properties of an interface near structured wedges are investigated by discrete models with short range interactions. The calculations demonstrate that interface unbinding take place in two stages: $i$) a continuous filling--like transition in the pure wedge--like parts of the structure; $ii$) a conclusive discontinuous unbinding. In 2$D$ an exact transfer matrix approach allows to extract the whole interface phase diagram and the precise mechanism at the basis of the phenomenon. The Metropolis Monte Carlo simulations performed in 3$D$ reveal an analogous behavior. The emerging scenario allows to shed new light onto the problem of wetting of geometrically rough walls.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. E
Supply Chain Management in the Prime Lamb Industry Tender Plus: A Success Story
Creators: name: Johnson, Sue
name: McLeod, Brent
name: Vaina, Vince
name: Johnson, Sue
name: McLeod, Brent
name: Vaina, Vince
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agribusiness
Industrial Organization

description: Traditionally fresh food industries have lagged behind other consumer goods in their approach to marketing and integration, and generally, are resigned to being commodity traders. Retailers' worldwide have increased their dominance within the fresh food industry. Clairs (2001) argued that within 10 years, 5-10 retail chains would dominate global food retailing. In Australia the three big supermarket chains and their subsidiaries had 40% of the retail grocery market in 1970 yet by 1998-99 their share had moved to 80% (AFFA and ABARE 2000). In the UK, four retailers account for two thirds of all grocery sales (Fearne & Hughes 1999). The Australian prime lamb industry is rapidly growing, especially in the export arena and has companies rising to the challenge of the domination of market place by retail chains. This paper looks in depth at one such company, Tender Plus. It profiles the relationships within the supply chain, and the success factors, which has provided Tender Plus with the impetus to increase sales to Japan by 15% a year. The key factor is a paradigm shift from a price orientated domain, to that of a relationship orientated one. This is achieved through the commercial factors of quality and consistency of supply, and the people factors of trust, honesty, loyalty and open communication. A combination of these factors, and continuous learning, is cementing the future of Tender Plus, in a marketplace where the power of multi-national conglomerates is increasing.
Chandra Observations of the Interacting Galaxies NGC 3395/3396 (Arp 270)
Creators: name: Brassington, N. J.
name: Read, A. M.
name: Ponman, T. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present the results of a 20 ks high resolution Chandra X-ray observation of the peculiar galaxy pair NGC 3395/3396, a system at a very early stage of merging, and less evolved than the famous Antennae and Mice merging systems. Previously unpublished ROSAT HRI data are also presented. The point source population and the hot diffuse gas in this system are investigated, and compared with other merging galaxy pairs. 16 X-ray point sources are detected in Arp 270, 7 of which are classified as ULXs (Lx > 10^39 erg/s). From spectral fits and the age of the system it seems likely that these are predominantly high mass X-ray binaries. The diffuse gas emits at a global temperature of ~0.5 keV, consistent with temperatures observed in other interacting systems, and we see no evidence of the starburst-driven hot gaseous outflows seen in more evolved systems such as The Mice and The Antennae. It is likely that these features are absent from Arp 270 as the gas has had insufficient time to break out of the galaxy disks. 32% of the luminosity of Arp 270 arises from the diffuse gas in the system, this is low when compared to later stage merging systems and gives further credence that this is an early stage merger. Comparing the ULX population of Arp 270 to other merging systems, we derive a relationship between the star formation rate of the system, indicated by Lfir, and the number (N(ULX)) and luminosity (Lulx) of its ULX population. We find Nulx proportional to Lfir^0.18 and Lulx proportional to Lfir^0.54. These relationships, coupled with the relation of the point source X-ray luminosity (Lxp) to Lk and Lfir+uv (Colbert et al. 2003), indicate that the ULX sources in an interacting system have contributions from both the old and young stellar populations.
description: 18 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
The Role of Food from Natural Resources in Reducing Vulnerability to Poverty: A Case Study from Zimbabwe
Creators: name: Mithofer, Dagmar
name: Waibel, Hermann
name: Akinnifesi, Festus K.
name: Mithofer, Dagmar
name: Waibel, Hermann
name: Akinnifesi, Festus K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Vulnerability
subject: poverty
subject: food security
subject: seasonal fluctuations
subject: wild food resources
subject: Zimbabwe

description: Vulnerability to poverty is a major problem in the rural areas of Sub Saharan Africa. Rural Households are confronted with various covariate and idiosyncratic shocks and are often severely constrained in coping with such events. They frequently resort to food from natural resources such as indigenous fruits during times of crisis. The availability of such food sources is increasingly at risk due to deforestation and biodiversity loss. The objective of this paper is to quantify the contribution of indigenous fruit trees towards reducing vulnerability to food insecurity and poverty. The methodology used is a multi-period stochastic household income model. The data were collected in a case study in Zimbabwe using detailed monthly income and expenditure records of a sample of 39 rural households in two areas. The two regions differ in their agricultural system. In one area horticulture, off-farm activities and exotic fruits are a major source of income while in the other area indigenous fruits are a more important source of income. This paper concentrates on the latter area. Model calculations show that rural households in Zimbabwe are highly vulnerable to seasonal fluctuations in income and therefore a critical period where households run high risk of being food insecure can be identified. While indigenous fruits, as a low cost 1 International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), Nairobi, Kenya, dmithoefer@icipe.org (for merly 2 & 3). 2 Development and Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Econo mics and Business Administration, Hannover University, Germany. 3 World Agrofore stry Centre (ICRAF), Lilongwe, Malawi. natural resource, can facilitate income-smoothing, the role of other sources of income must not be neglected. The paper concludes that diversified season-specific income generating portfolios must be designed of which indigenous fruit trees have a role to play.
Land Rental Markets in India: Efficiency and Equity Considerations
Creators: name: Akter, Shaheen
name: Farrington, John
name: Deshingkar, Priya
name: Sharma, Pramod
name: Rao, Laxman
name: Akter, Shaheen
name: Farrington, John
name: Deshingkar, Priya
name: Sharma, Pramod
name: Rao, Laxman
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: land rental markets
subject: economic efficiency
subject: equity
subject: India

description: Despite the fact that land rental is restricted to varying degrees in India, the participation in this market is widespread and it is observed to operate relatively efficiently in 12 villages studied in Andhra Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh. The estimated probit models predicted that the rental market transferred land to those with relatively smaller holdings, but greater ability to make productive use of land, more assets to invest, more adults available for labour and fewer off-farm opportunities. Also land is rented out predominantly to younger farmers and to farmers not involved in off-farm jobs. Renting in is predicted to be relatively higher in the villages which are remote and weakly integrated into mainstream infrastructure and institutions. Land rental markets make an important contribution towards land use redistribution in the villages where land rental is high and where land distribution without land rental is relatively more unequal. The study recommends that existing policies restricting land rental should be eased, and investment towards infrastructure development and off-farm employment generating projects expanded.