cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Time-dependent matter instability and star singularity in $F(R)$ gravity
Creators: name: Bamba, Kazuharu
name: Nojiri, Shin'ichi
name: Odintsov, Sergei D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a curvature singularity appearing in the star collapse process in $F(R)$ gravity. In particular, we propose an understanding of the mechanism to produce the curvature singularity. Moreover, we explicitly demonstrate that $R^α$ ($1 < α\leq 2$) term addition could cure the curvature singularity and viable $F(R)$ gravity models could become free of such a singularity. Furthermore, we discuss the realization process of the curvature singularity and estimate the time scale of its appearance. For exponential gravity, it is shown that in case of the star collapse, the time scale is much shorter than the age of the universe, whereas in cosmological circumstances, it is as long as the cosmological time.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures, version accepted for publication in Physics Letters B
title: Climatic Impact of the Little Ice Age on Sumatra, Indonesia
Creators: name: Schwonke, Franziska
name: Rohrmann, Alexander
name: Bernhardt, Anne
name: Wils, Katleen
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
The Little Ice Age was a period of colder climate and extended glaciation mainly observed in Europe and North America between the middle of the 14th and the end of the 19th century. However, the climatic impact of the Little Ice Age on tropical regions is still unclear. In this study, we sampled two short (1m), dated sediment cores (MJ17-01A-G and MJ17-01B-G) that were taken in 2017 within Lake Maninjau for leaf wax compound-specific analysis. Lake Maninjau is a 99.5 km2 caldera lake located at the equator in the Padang Highlands on the Island of Sumatra, Indonesia. Here, we extracted leaf-wax compounds of 34 samples – so called n-alkanes – measured their concentration and calculated the average chain length (ACL) and carbon preference index (CPI) of the individual samples. The ACL is a first-order proxy for overall humidity/precipitation and ranges between carbon numbers of C26 and C31 with a trend to lower values towards the top of the section. We interpret this shift from higher to lower ACL-values to represent a shift from dryer to more humid conditions between 1550 and 1850 AD in the period of the Little Ice Age and into the modern. We interpret that the Little Ice Age in Europe and North America indeed also affected tropical regions like Southeast Asia.
РОЛЬ ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИХ ФАКТОРОВ, СИСТЕМЫ ДЕТОКСИКАЦИИ И ОКСИДАТИВНОГО СТРЕССА В ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ АНГИОПАТИЯ
Creators: name: Мамадиярова, Дильшода
name: Уктамов, Дёрбек
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Окислительный стресс — это дисбаланс между выработкой свободных радикалов и перекисным окислением липидов, с одной стороны, и активностью антиоксидантных систем (ферментативных и неферментативных), с другой стороны. По-видимому, окислительный стресс может вызывать развитие и осложнения ряда заболеваний, включая диабет, атеросклероз, новообразования, воспаление, гипертонию и т.д. Дисбаланс прооксидантов и антиоксидантов при сахарном диабете может быть обусловлен неферментативным гликированием белка, аутоокислением глюкозы, усилением сорбитол-пути, снижением активности антиоксидантных ферментов и истощением некоторых неферментативных поглотителей. Кажется, что мы можем частично уменьшить развитие и прогрессирование диабетических ангиопатий, снижая окислительный стресс посредством приема добавок-поглотителей, использования гипотензивных препаратов с антиоксидантными свойствами и противодиабетических пероральных средств с антипероксидативной активностью.
title: Methane release from inactive oil and gas wells in Romania - preliminary results
Creators: name: Baciu, Calin
name: Ghiorghiu, Eduard
name: Hmoudah, Mustafa
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
In spite of the decreasing production, Romania remains one of the most important oil and gas producers in Europe. The European inventories of anthropogenic methane release reveals unexpectedly high emissions related to the oil and gas industry in Romania. The number of drilled wells in Romania is exceeding 60,000, with the majority of them currently being inactive. A first approach to quantify the methane emissions from active wells was conducted within the ROMEO project. The highest emissions were observed at the facilities with poor technical maintenance. As part of the UNEP-funded project Global Analysis of Methane Emissions from Abandoned Oil and Gas Wells, an evaluation of methane release from inactive wells is ongoing. No comprehensive inventory of the inactive wells is available for the moment at a national level. The ENVERUS (DrillingInfo), database provides information on 6348 wells in Romania, out of which 776 wells in the Transylvanian Basin. More than 72% of the reported wells were dry, while different amounts of oil and/or gas have been found in the others. According to the nationally applicable closure procedure, most of the wells are plugged and buried, making their identification and detection of gas leaks difficult. In a few cases, substantial methane emissions have been reported, which may pose a threat to neighboring residents.

Acknowledgment: this contribution was supported by the project Global Analysis of Methane Emissions from Abandoned Oil and Gas Wells, funded by UNEP.
Studies of resistance switching effects in metal/YBa2Cu3O7-x interface junctions
Creators: name: Plecenik, A.
name: Tomasek, M.
name: Plecenik, T.
name: Truchly, M.
name: Noskovic, J.
name: Zahoran, M.
name: Roch, T.
name: Belogolovskii, M.
name: Spankova, M.
name: Chromik, S.
name: Kus, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current-voltage characteristics of planar junctions formed by an epitaxial c-axis oriented YBa2Cu3O7-x thin film micro-bridge and Ag counter-electrode were measured in the temperature range from 4.2 K to 300 K. A hysteretic behavior related to switching of the junction resistance from a high-resistive to a low-resistive state and vice-versa was observed and analyzed in terms of the maximal current bias and temperature dependence. The same effects were observed on a sub-micrometer scale YBa2Cu3O7-x thin film - PtIr point contact junctions using Scanning Tunneling Microscope. These phenomena are discussed within a diffusion model, describing an oxygen vacancy drift in YBa2Cu3O7-x films in the nano-scale vicinity of the junction interface under applied electrical fields.
description: To be published in Applied Surface Science.
title: Opportunities for hydrogeothermal uses in NE Germany: from site evaluation to project realization
Creators: name: Obst, Karsten
name: Franz, Matthias
name: Wolfgramm, Markus
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
Low enthalpy geothermal systems are well established in north-eastern Germany. The first German hydrothermal doublet started heat production in Waren/Müritz in 1984. Since then other sites in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and Brandenburg were explored and realized. Very recently the geothermal heating plant of Schwerin-Lankow has officially started operations and will substitute about 20 percent of fossil energy use in this town.

In most of these projects deep saline aquifers of Mesozoic age were used, which formed in the eastern part of the North German Basin. The well suited reservoir sandstones were often deposited in fluvial and deltaic systems within up to 15 km wide distributary channel belts. The porosity and permeability of channel facies sandstones reach very high values up to 30 % and >6 Darcy, respectively.

On basis of integrated sedimentological-palaeontological investigation and facies analyses using cores and wire logs of numerous deep wells, 15 different stratigraphic channel systems could be detected and mapped (www.sandsteinfazies.de). The results can be used together with temperature distribution data for a first site evaluation. Estimations of productivity and temperature have to be combined with numbers of potential users and existing or planned heat distribution infrastructure in larger communities.

The Geological Survey and ministries of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania will encourage politicians and decision makers to think about geothermal energy use in their field of responsibility but also support investors to claim for financial support to realize renewable energy projects. This includes open access to available geological and geophysical data according to the Geological Data Act (GeolDG).
Additional file 2 of A non-randomised pilot study of the Solutions for Medication Adherence Problems (S-MAP) intervention in community pharmacies to support older adults adhere to multiple medications
Creators: name: D. E. Patton
name: C. J. Pearce
name: M. Cartwright
name: F. Smith
name: C. A. Cadogan
name: C. Ryan
name: E. Clark
name: J. J. Francis
name: C. M. Hughes
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Intervention specification. Supplementary Table 2. Behaviour change techniques in the S-MAP intervention.
title: The Transparent Virtual Round Table Of The Helmholtz Metadata Collaboration (HMC) Earth and Environment Hub
Creators: name: Pörsch, Andrea
name: Söding, Emanuel
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
The mission of the Helmholtz Metadata Collaboration (HMC, https://helmholtz-metadaten.de/en) is to facilitate the discovery, access, machine readability, and reuse of research data of the Helmholtz Association. Concepts and services are developed and established, allowing the enrichment of research data with standardized metadata in the various phases of their creation. The aim of HMC is to co-ordinate these services with the national and international scientific community in order to establish widely accepted practices in the handling of research data.

In the Earth and Environment Hub, we are in the process of setting up a transparent virtual round table where all communities can come together to decide which guidelines are recommended for the Helmholtz Association. Jointly agreed principles are discussed and agreed in a moderated co-design process.

Primary stakeholder profile

Infrastructures – leadership, technical personnel organising, standardising, and sharing their (meta)data

Data stewardship teams - these include personnel working for infrastructures, libraries, or thematic (meta)data management solutions/services

Personnel in research groups working to standardise and curate (meta)data

In this presentation we will introduce to the current HMC activities and outcome: Our process for developing a guideline is planned as a coordinated procedure. For every single implementation guide, we go through the same questions, up to tests - based on use cases and definition of abstract test classes, in order to be able to validate the implementation. Our planned results are recommendations and detailed implementation instructions that enable interoperability - not only in the Helmholtz Association, but also in national and international communities.
Graphene analogue BCN: femtosecond nonlinear optical susceptibility and hot carrier dynamics
Creators: name: Kumar, Sunil
name: Kamaraju, N.
name: Vasu, K. S.
name: Nag, Angshuman
name: Sood, A. K.
name: Rao, C. N. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Third-order nonlinear absorption and refraction coefficients of a few-layer boron carbon nitride (BCN) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) suspensions have been measured at 3.2 eV in the femtosecond regime. Optical limiting behavior is exhibited by BCN as compared to saturable absorption in RGO. Nondegenerate time-resolved differential transmissions from BCN and RGO show different relaxation times. These differences in the optical nonlinearity and carrier dynamics are discussed in the light of semiconducting electronic band structure of BCN vis-à-vis the Dirac linear band structure of graphene.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures
title: Rare earth element mobility in contrasting sediments
Creators: name: Zamparas, Christoforos
name: Gil-Díaz, Teba
name: Eiche, Elisabeth
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
Contrasting sediments behave radically differently in aquatic systems, releasing elements of concern. Their behavior is a function of mineralogy, geochemical composition, and the conditions of the medium (e.g., ionic composition, pH). One way of understanding the reactivity of contrasting sediments, but also the operationally defined fraction of the associated elements is to use selective extraction protocols. Nevertheless, these are generally used without verifying the adequacy of the extraction times, in accordance with the sediment characteristics, nor the potential impact of element-specific behavior to the extracting reagents, biasing the final interpretation. This study aims at providing such understanding for the rare earth elements (including lanthanides, yttrium, and scandium). The sediments used originate from modern aquatic sedimentary environments of both terrestrial and marine-transitional origin, associated to either natural (beach and riverbank sediments) or anthropogenic (mine tailings) sources. A qualitative mineralogical determination of the sediments was performed via XRD. Element mobility was studied via selective extraction protocols applied in parallel, with a kinetic approach, and sequentially. Quantitative analysis of the total concentrations of major and trace elements was determined via XRF-EDX, ICP-OES and ICP-MS, to obtain elemental correlations and total REY+Sc sediment content for mass balance purposes. For each extraction solution, the elemental concentrations were quantified via ICP-MS. The information gained in this study provides further experimental results on the unknown aquatic behavior of REY+Sc elements, for which there is currently an increasing demand for major technological applications.

Acknowledgements:

Funded as part of the Excellence Strategy of the German Federal and State Governments.
Limits on the Molecular Gas Content of z-5 LBGs
Creators: name: Davies, L. J. M.
name: Bremer, M. N.
name: Stanway, E. R.
name: Birkinshaw, M.
name: Lehnert, M. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present limits on the molecular gas content of Lyman Break Galaxies (LBGs) at z~5 from observations targetting redshifted CO(1-0) and CO(2-1) line emission. We observed a single field containing eight spectroscopically-confirmed z~5 LBGs, seven of which are contained within a narrow (z=4.95\pm 0.08) redshift range and the eighth is at z=5.2. No source was individually detected. Assuming the CO to H2 conversion factor for vigorous starbursts, we place upper limits on the molecular gas content of individual z~5 LBGs of M(H2)
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, Accepted for MNRAS
Additional file 4 of A non-randomised pilot study of the Solutions for Medication Adherence Problems (S-MAP) intervention in community pharmacies to support older adults adhere to multiple medications
Creators: name: D. E. Patton
name: C. J. Pearce
name: M. Cartwright
name: F. Smith
name: C. A. Cadogan
name: C. Ryan
name: E. Clark
name: J. J. Francis
name: C. M. Hughes
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4. Missing data. Supplementary Table 4. Missing data for primary and secondary outcome measures in the S-MAP study.
Attention-based deep neural networks for the forecasting and reconstruction of an environmental image series
Creators: name: Yang, Siyuan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Over the past decade, climate change has become a serious issue, and it has received tremendous attention from investigators in different fields and also from the general public. In order to learn and provide immediate and appropriate actions with respect to climate variations, researchers have proposed various techniques for learning the underlying dynamic behavior in natural environments. In particular, in associated engineering research, convolutional long short-term memory (ConvLSTM) has been utilized to process spatiotemporal observations from the environment and predict the possible future measurements. Although the convolutional layer in this network can capture the local spatial dependencies, the network fails to extract global interactions among hidden features in the date. Moreover, in order to interpret the associated environmental field, a Kriging approach may be utilized in the analysis of the data collected from the monitored area and the estimation of an unknown region, through a Gaussian Process (GP) model. However, the performance of the field mapping is limited by the computationally expensive operation of determining the optimal sensor placement. To improve the accuracy and efficiency for the indicated goal of environmental monitoring and assessment, the thesis exploits a deep neural network for forecasting an environmental image series and reconstructing an environmental field, based on the acquired environmental data. First, an attention-based ConvLSTM model is developed to perform multi-step image series forecasting. Specifically, a convolutional self-attention (CSA) is designed to learn long-range dependencies within the latent variables during the training procedure. Second, an attention-based deep residual neural network is proposed to speed up the process of selecting the optimal monitoring locations. The proposed methodologies are evaluated with a real-world dataset. From this evaluation and the obtained experiment results, it is found that the proposed forecasting approach outperforms the existing methods in a reliable and accurate manner. The MSE (mean squared error) of the proposed model is approximately 7% lower than that of the existing methods. Moreover, the proposed model accelerates the process of finding the optimal sensor placements. Specifically, it is shown to achieve approximately 73% improvement in speed and an accuracy of about 90%.
Algae Factor Analysis.pdf
Creators: name: Ussenaliyeva, Aizhan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 40301 Basin Analysis
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 40501 Biological Oceanography
subject: Atmospheric Sciences

description: My research update brings a bio solution to the monitoring problem of the lake Balkhash water volume morphological debates. I advocated the necessity of the yearly national monitoring report and algae factor discovered by me is one of the optimal tools to track and prove the deviations within water level changes' range of the lake Balkhash.
Critical current and vortex dynamics in single crystals of Ca(Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_{x}$)$_2$As$_2$
Creators: name: Pramanik, A. K.
name: Harnagea, L.
name: Singh, S.
name: Aswartham, S.
name: Behr, G.
name: Wurmehl, S.
name: Hess, C.
name: Klingeler, R.
name: Buchner, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the critical current density and vortex dynamics in single crystals of Ca(Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_{x}$)$_2$As$_2$ ($x$ = 0.051, 0.056, 0.065, and 0.073). The samples exhibit different critical temperatures and superconducting phase fractions. We show that in contrast to their Ba-based counterpart, the crystals do not exhibit a second peak in the field dependence of magnetization. The calculated composition-dependent critical current density ($j_{\rm c}$) increases initially with Co doping, maximizing at $x$ = 0.065, and then decreases. This variation in $j_{\rm c}$ follows the superconducting phase fractions in this series. The calculated $j_{\rm c}$ shows strong temperature dependence, decreasing rapidly upon heating. Magnetic relaxation measurements imply a nonlogarithmic dependence on time. We find that the relaxation rate is large, reflecting weak characteristic pinning energy. The analysis of temperature- and field-dependent magnetic relaxation data suggests that vortex dynamics in these compounds is consistent with plastic creeping rather than the collective creep model, unlike other 122 pnictide superconductors. This difference may cause the absence of the second peak in the field dependent magnetization of Ca(Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_{x}$)$_2$As$_2$.
title: Market power Indonesia – from the largest ore exporter to the leading nickel supplier for the green transition
Creators: name: Szurlies, Michael
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
Because of its specific properties, nickel is set to play a key role in the implementation of new megatrends such as the energy and mobility transition. Nickel is used in many industries, primarily in the manufacture of stainless steel and nickel alloys. In addition to these established areas of application, a considerable increase in global nickel demand for battery production is expected until 2030, particularly due to the rapid global ramp-up of electric mobility.

Within this decade the global nickel demand is forcast to double. While the battery production in recent years was based mainly on the dissolution of nickel metal (so-called class 1), things changed in 2022 with intermediates (mainly MHP and nickel matte) representing the by far dominant nickel feed for the batttery production.

Currently, Indonesia is the only country to significantly increase the mine production to provide the necessary nickel intermediates to meet the future demand. Indonesia holds the largest nickel reserves and until 2013 was the worldwide leading nickel ore supplier. With the introduction of an nickel ore export ban, the country became the leading producer of refined nickel products within less than ten years. Moreover, Indonesia is already the by far largest exporter of nickel intermediates for the global battery value chain. However, this dramatic change is based mainly on Chinese investments. It raises questions on the secure and sustainable global nickel supply.
Additional file 1 of Association between social capital and loneliness among older adults: a cross-sectional study in Anhui Province, China
Creators: name: Zhongliang Bai
name: Zijing Wang
name: Tiantai Shao
name: Qin, Xia
name: Hu, Zhi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. The location of sampling areas (Red areas) in Anhui province, China.
Large faces in Poisson hyperplane mosaics
Creators: name: Hug, Daniel
name: Schneider, Rolf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A generalized version of a well-known problem of D. G. Kendall states that the zero cell of a stationary Poisson hyperplane tessellation in ${\mathbb{R}}^d$, under the condition that it has large volume, approximates with high probability a certain definite shape, which is determined by the directional distribution of the underlying hyperplane process. This result is extended here to typical $k$-faces of the tessellation, for $k\in\{2,...,d-1\}$. This requires the additional condition that the direction of the face be in a sufficiently small neighbourhood of a given direction.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/09-AOP510 the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Short-term resistance exercise training attenuates muscle damage and alters transcription of muscle extracellular matrix regulators in response to 300 eccentric contractions in young adults
Creators: name: Li, Ching Wah Donna
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: A maximal eccentric (ECC) bout can confer protection by reducing exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) following a subsequent ECC bout, this is known as the repeated bout effect (RBE), a phenomenon that results in large non-specific translational and transcriptional responses. Resistance exercise training (RET) stimulates similar adaptations which becomes more refined with continuing training. It was hypothesized that RET and RBE may share a common mechanism involving remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Healthy young adults (6 female, 10 males; 20.9 4.1 years) performed 6 sessions of unilateral RET with the contralateral leg acting as a control prior to 2 bilateral bouts (B1, B2) of 300 eccentric knee extensions separated by 21 d. Bilateral muscle biopsies were obtained before and 48-hours after each bout. Muscle damage assessed as the area under the curve for isometric force loss over 72-hours following ECC, was attenuated in B1 by RET (42%±4.76, p=0.035). Protection conferred by B1, resulted in complete recovery of force loss by 48h. ECC elevated expression of Transforming Growth Factor-Beta (TGF𝛽, p=0.018) and Collagen Type IV (COL4A1, p=0.027) only in the RET leg after each bout, while Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2) mRNA increased after ECC only in the control leg (p=0.049). These results collectively suggest that short-term RET modifies the transcriptional response of ECM regulators to bouts of high volume ECC exercise which may partially underpin the observed attenuation of ECC induced EIMD by prior RET. Further analysis is required to determine if altered transcription of ECM regulators is also reflected at the protein level.
Index for three dimensional superconformal field theories with general R-charge assignments
Creators: name: Imamura, Yosuke
name: Yokoyama, Shuichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a general formula of an index for three dimensional N=2 superconformal field theories with general R-charge assignments to chiral multiplets by using the localization method in S^2xS^1 background. As examples we compute the index for theories in a few mirror pairs, and confirm the agreement of the indices in each mirror pair.
description: 22 pages, no figure; v2: refs added, the definition of the index changed; v3: chemical potentials for monopole charges introduced, Sec. 5 improved, a reference added
Supplementary Text from Disparity in socio-economic status explains the pattern of self-medication of antibiotics in India: understanding from game-theoretic perspective
Creators: name: Malik, Bhawna
name: Hasan Farooqui, Habib
name: Bhattacharyya, Samit
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Text includes figures, analysis, tables
The Cool Accretion Disk in ESO 243-49 HLX-1: Further Evidence of an Intermediate Mass Black Hole
Creators: name: Davis, Shane W.
name: Narayan, Ramesh
name: Zhu, Yucong
name: Barret, Didier
name: Farrell, Sean A.
name: Godet, Olivier
name: Servillat, Mathieu
name: Webb, Natalie A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With an inferred bolometric luminosity exceeding 10^42 erg/s, HLX-1 in ESO 243-49 is the most luminous of ultraluminous X-ray sources and provides one of the strongest cases for the existence of intermediate mass black holes. We obtain good fits to disk-dominated observations of the source with BHSPEC, a fully relativistic black hole accretion disk spectral model. Due to degeneracies in the model arising from the lack of independent constraints on inclination and black hole spin, there is a factor of 100 uncertainty in the best-fit black hole mass M. Nevertheless, spectral fitting of XMM-Newton observations provides robust lower and upper limits with 3000 Msun < M < 3 x 10^5 Msun, at 90% confidence, placing HLX-1 firmly in the intermediate-mass regime. The lower bound on M is entirely determined by matching the shape and peak energy of the thermal component in the spectrum. This bound is consistent with (but independent of) arguments based solely on the Eddington limit. Joint spectral modelling of the XMM-Newton data with more luminous Swift and Chandra observations increases the lower bound to 6000 Msun, but this tighter constraint is not independent of the Eddington limit. The upper bound on M is sensitive to the maximum allowed inclination i, and is reduced to M < 10^5 Msun if we limit i < 75 deg.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
title: The Bathymetrists Seamounts – intraplate volcanic province meets Riedel Shears (eastern Equatorial Atlantic Segment)
Creators: name: Seidel, Elisabeth
name: Hübscher, Christian
name: van der Zwan, Froukje Marieke
name: Augustin, Nico
name: Le Saout, Morgane
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
The Bathymetrists Seamounts (BSM) form a 900 km long and 200 km wide volcanic chain of about 40 volcanic edifices within the eastern Equatorial Segment of the Atlantic. They are located between the Vema Fracture Zone in the north and the 4°N Fracture zone in the south (both transcurrent faults). Like other submarine chains east of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, the BSM trend NE-SW. Many of those volcanic chains are intensively studied and attributed to hot spot tracks above mantle plumes. However, the BSM is much broader and strongly associated with faults. Still, it remains unclear if a mantle plume, decompression melting along fracture zones, or small-scale upper mantle convection caused these seamounts. We present new insights to the BSM based on about 80,000 km² high-resolution bathymetric data with 50 m spatial resolution, and 4,000 km of 2D seismic reflection data, collected during expeditions RV Merian MSM70 in 2018 and RV Meteor M152/2 in 2019. Seismic sections across the volcanic edifices allow a simple estimation of their relative age distribution, as it is inferred by the stacking pattern of the volcanic successions. Moreover, the structural pattern includes flower structures and indicates transtension. The single seamounts are arranged along E-W to NE-SW lineaments that can be explained by large-scaling Riedel shears. This Riedel shear pattern reveals a NW-SE orientated extensional local stress field during its generation in the Paleogene. Therefore, deep mantle plumes and shallower tectonics on a lithospheric scale could play an important role in the emplacement of the volcanoes.
title: A proposal for drilling “Geiseltal” – a near complete terrestrial section of the Eocene in Central Europe
Creators: name: Kaboth-Bahr, Stefanie
name: Bahr, Andrè
name: Zeeden, Christian
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
As the world warms due to rising greenhouse gas concentrations, the Earth system moves toward climate sthistoricalhout historic precedent, challenging societal adaptation. One way to investigate these unprecedented conditions is to study past climates and ecosystems that share similarities to our current and future ones. One such period is the Eocene (~56 – 33 Ma), during which the climate changed from a hot-house to a greenhouse state, comprising a wide range of atmospheric CO2 concentrations. However, our knowledge of the Eocene climate evolution is incomplete because of a lack of terrestrial records covering the entire period. To address this gap in our understanding, we propose to obtain drill cores at Geiseltal in Eastern Germany.

This former lignite quarry is famous for its exceptionally well-preserved Eocene m. Still, itssils, but its potential as a climate archive has not yet been explored due to the lack of existing drill cores. By drilling a maximum of three cores, we aim to create a spliced 100-120 m long record comprising the entire Eocene archived in Geiseltal as an alteration of lignite seems intercalated with fluvial strata. High-resolution, multi-proxy analyses of the obtained sediments will allow the generation of a unique record of (sub)orbital climate variability under various atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations. To advance this project, we welcome scientific input from a wide range of disciplines (e.g., stratigraphy, sedimentology, paleolimnology, paleobotany, paleontology, and organic/inorganic geochemistry) as well as are actively seeking interested groups and individuals to collaborate with us on this project.
Additional file 1 of Effective production of human growth factors in Escherichia coli by fusing with small protein 6HFh8
Creators: name: Kim, Young Su
name: Lee, Hye-Jeong
name: Man-Ho Han
name: Nam-Kyung Yoon
name: Yeu-Chun Kim
name: Ahn, Jungoh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Structural properties and molecular masses of growth factors overproduced in the current study. ‒, the range of specific region (heparin binding region in the structural properties) and protein without signal peptide and pro-region; ↔, the binding position of each residue.
The targum (1966:Apr. 01 - 1966:Apr. 29)
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Targum Association
Year: 1966

description: Some University historians indicate that the Targum was first published as an annual in 1867, but of this we have no extant evidence. In January 1869, the Targum as we now know it, made its appearance as a monthly paper that concerned itself with student “literary contributions” and college news as well as serving as a vehicle for bringing news to alumni and the general public. The newspaper, which originally was for sale, varied in frequency over the years as did its title (The Targum, Rutgers Targum, Rutgers Daily Targum, and Daily Targum). The newspaper has continuously been published since 1869 with the exception of 19 months during the second world war, between February 1944 and October 1945. The Targum was published by the students of Rutgers College, and later Rutgers University—New Brunswick represented through the years as the Targum Association, Rutgers Targum Association, and Rutgers College Targum. As a student organization, the Targum operated under the oversight of the dean of students and student government but in October 1980, the Targum became an independent college paper.
title: Quantification of plutonium in environmental samples at the University of Cologne, Germany: progress update
Creators: name: Mohren, Joel
name: Binnie, Steven A.
name: Strub, Erik
name: Heinze, Stefan
name: Dunai, Tibor J.
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
The measurement of 239,240Pu in environmental samples can play a key role in investigating Anthropocene Earth (sub-)surface processes. As a consequence of atmospheric nuclear weapon tests conducted in the 1950s and 1960s, Earth’s outermost skin was supplied with fallout radionuclides (FRNs), providing distinct geochronological markers. The application of FRNs is well established, with 137Cs being most commonly measured. However, 239+240Pu activities are more decay-insensitive (t1/2 239Pu: ~24.1 ka; 240Pu: ~6.6 ka), there is less soil inventory contamination arising from nuclear power plant accidents than reported for 137Cs, and only a few grams of sample material can be sufficient for a measurement. Ultimately, the (separate) quantification of 239,240Pu inventories measured by Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) represents a further evolution step towards more precise measurements than achieved by other mass spectrometry or decay counting techniques.

The development of 239,240Pu measurement capabilities at the Centre for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (CologneAMS), University of Cologne (UoC), has given the go-ahead to exploit the wealth of possible 239+240Pu applications to decipher modern Earth (sub-)surface processes in different settings. Based on tailored sample processing protocols applied at the Institute of Geology and Mineralogy and the Division of Nuclear Chemistry (both UoC), we present first results from a selection of ongoing projects. The sample processing workflow applied together with the AMS measurement precision achieved allows for resolving specific activities below ~5 mBq kg-1. Accordingly, a spatial focus is laid on study sites where ultra-high precision of measurements is required (e.g., the Atacama Desert in northern Chile).

.
Additional file 2 of Association between social capital and loneliness among older adults: a cross-sectional study in Anhui Province, China
Creators: name: Zhongliang Bai
name: Zijing Wang
name: Tiantai Shao
name: Qin, Xia
name: Hu, Zhi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. The Questionnaire of this study (English version).
title: Deep-time climate legacies affect origination rates of marine genera
Creators: name: Mathes, Gregor H.
name: Kiessling, Wolfgang
name: Steinbauer, Manuel J.
Publisher: name: University of Bayreuth
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: climate change
subject: fossil record
subject: paleoclimate
subject: evolution
subject: macroevolution
subject: 550
subject: 560
subject: 570

description: Biodiversity dynamics are shaped by a complex interplay between current conditions and historic legacy. The interaction of short- and long-term climate change may mask the true relationship of evolutionary responses to climate change if not specifically accounted for. These paleoclimate interactions have been demonstrated for extinction risk and biodiversity change, but their importance for origination dynamics remains untested. Here, we show that origination probability in marine fossil genera is strongly affected by paleoclimate interactions. Overall, origination probability increases by 27.8% [95% CI (27.4%, 28.3%)] when a short-term cooling adds to a long-term cooling trend. This large effect is consistent through time and all studied groups. The mechanisms of the detected effect might be manifold but are likely connected to increased allopatric speciation with eustatic sea level drop caused by sustained global cooling. We tested this potential mechanism through which paleoclimate interactions can act on origination rates by additionally examining a proxy for habitat fragmentation. This proxy, continental fragmentation, has a similar effect on origination rates as paleoclimate interactions, supporting the importance of allopatric speciation through habitat fragmentation in the deep-time fossil record. The identified complex nature of paleoclimate interactions might explain contradictory conclusions on the relationship between temperature and origination in the previous literature. Our results highlight the need to account for complex interactions in evolutionary studies both between and among biotic and abiotic factors.
A strong redshift dependence of the broad absorption line quasar fraction
Creators: name: Allen, James T.
name: Hewett, Paul C.
name: Maddox, Natasha
name: Richards, Gordon T.
name: Belokurov, Vasily
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the application of non-negative matrix factorisation to generate compact reconstructions of quasar spectra from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), with particular reference to broad absorption line quasars (BALQSOs). BAL properties are measured for SiIV lambda1400, CIV lambda1550, AlIII lambda1860 and MgII lambda2800, resulting in a catalogue of 3547 BALQSOs. Two corrections, based on extensive testing of synthetic BALQSO spectra, are applied in order to estimate the intrinsic fraction of CIV BALQSOs. First, the probability of an observed BALQSO spectrum being identified as such by our algorithm is calculated as a function of redshift, signal-to-noise ratio and BAL properties. Second, the different completenesses of the SDSS target selection algorithm for BALQSOs and non-BAL quasars are quantified. Accounting for these selection effects the intrinsic CIV BALQSO fraction is 41+/-5 per cent. Our analysis of the selection effects allows us to measure the dependence of the intrinsic CIV BALQSO fraction on luminosity and redshift. We find a factor of 3.5+/-0.4 decrease in the intrinsic fraction from the highest redshifts, z~4.0, down to z~2.0. The redshift dependence implies that an orientation effect alone is not sufficient to explain the presence of BAL troughs in some but not all quasar spectra. Our results are consistent with the intrinsic BALQSO fraction having no strong luminosity dependence, although with 3-sigma limits on the rate of change of the intrinsic fraction with luminosity of -6.9 and 7.0 per cent dex^-1 we are unable to rule out such a dependence.
description: MNRAS in press; 28 pages, 28 figures; full data table is available until Sep 2011 at www.ast.cam.ac.uk/~jta/papers/bal_nmf_table1.dat
title: Triaxial experiments on marine sediments from the Middle America Trench of Costa Rica (IODP Expeditions 334 & 344)
Creators: name: Kerzig, Meggy Jessica
name: Kuehn, Rebecca
name: Stipp, Michael
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
The erosive convergent plate margin offshore Costa Rica represents a seismic zone that produces high-magnitude earthquakes and tsunamis. The overriding Caribbean Plate is tectonically eroded by the subducting Cocos Plate, resulting in strong and widespread deformation of the upper plate. Differences in composition, compaction or deformation of the clay-rich marine sediments can have a significant impact on the strength of the continental plate, as well as the frictional behavior of the rocks entering the subduction channel.

Core samples from IODP Expeditions 334 and 344 of the Costa Rica Seismogenesis Project (CRISP) recovered from a depth range of 5–125 mbsf were experimentally deformed in triaxial tests under isotropic consolidated and undrained conditions at confining pressures of 400–900 kPa, room temperature, axial displacement rates of 0.0025–0.01 mm/min and up to ~50% axial compressive strain. Deviatoric stresses range between 127 and 418 kPa, pore pressure between 615 and 822 kPa. The samples exhibit internal friction angles of 8-42° and cohesion values of about 29-34 kPa.

The stress-strain records show exclusively structurally weak behavior and a higher consolidation of the upper plate compared to the incoming plate sediments. The sediments from prism toe and middle slope of the Caribbean Plate display systematically higher peak stresses despite a similar overburden. This together with the consolidation state indicate a loss of overburden, for example due to slumping at the continental slope. The mechanical properties might be crucial for fracturing and localized brittle deformation of the continental forearc during tectonic erosion.
Riesz bases of exponentials on multiband spectra
Creators: name: Lev, Nir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $S$ be the union of finitely many disjoint intervals on the real line. Suppose that there are two real numbers $α, β$ such that the length of each interval belongs to $Z α+ Z β$. We use quasicrystals to construct a discrete set of real frequencies such that the corresponding system of exponentials is a Riesz basis in the space $L^2(S)$.
description: 5 pages, to appear in Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society
title: Impactor Core Fragmentation During Impacts in the Late Accretion Phase
Creators: name: Röhlen, Randolph
name: Wünnemann, Kai
name: Allibert, Laetitia
name: Manske, Lukas
name: Maas, Christian
name: Hansen, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
The influence of asteroid impacts during the late accretion phase on Earth’s present day composition is still not fully understood. One important question here is if the mixing of metal cores from differentiated impactors into an existing magma ocean could explain the relatively high concentrations of highly siderophile elements observed in Earth’s mantle. For this it is essential to know how much the impactor cores break apart during the impact process, since a more fragmented body will allow more mixing with the surrounding material.

We simulate the impacts of differentiated impactors into magma oceans using the grid-based Eulerian shock physics code iSALE. We developed and implemented a new method to improve the fragmentation behavior in such Eulerian codes and used it to study the fragmentation and dispersion of the metal core of the differentiated impactor. We vary the size and velocity of the impactor as well as target properties like the depth of the magma ocean and its viscosity.

We see significant fragmentation of the impactor core under most tested parameters. Higher impact velocity and greater magma ocean depth show an especially pronounced increase in core fragmentation.

Acknowledgments: We gratefully acknowledge the developers of iSALE-2D, including Gareth Collins, Kai Wünnemann, Dirk Elbeshausen, Tom Davison, Boris Ivanov and Jay Melosh. This work was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB-TRR170, subproject C2 and C4).