cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An innovative approach for pore pressure prediction and drilling optimization in the abnormally sub-pressured "deep basin" of the western Canada sedimentary basin
Creators: name: Contreras Puerto, Oscar Michel
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2011

description: Bibliography: p. 174-178
description: Some pages are in colour.
description: Up to now, an indirect method to predict pore pressure under sub-pressured conditions has not been reported in the literature. In this thesis, an im1ovative approach is presented for estimation of pore pressure and drilling optimization of wells drilled in the abnormally sub-pressured Deep Basin of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (WCSB). The procedure starts with detailed evaluation of five wells drilled in township T65-R09W6 that covers the study area. Pore pressure was calculated using Eaton method from sonic logs (Eaton, 1975), and Eaton method from the modified D exponent (Rehm and McClendon, 1971 ), which proved to be the most effective for abnormal sub-pressured conditions over a variety of methods tested. The drilling optimization procedure was carried out using the Apparent Rock Strength Log (ARSL); next, optimization of individual sections in each well was carried out to determine the optimum operational parameters for the lowest net drilling time. Special attention was focused on the tight gas N ikanassin Group for selection of the most suitable drilling parameters that increase the quality of drill cuttings. The combination of a rollercone bit code IADC 547 and at least 0.73 horsepower in the bit per square inch (HSI) provides the best quality of cuttings from the tight gas Nikanassin Group. This is of paramount importance for increasing accuracy in the quantitative determination of permeability and porosity from cuttings particularly in those tight gas reservoirs where the amount of cores is very limited. It is concluded that wells in the sub-pressured study area of the Deep Basin of the WCSB can be drilled efficiently with 7 bit runs reaching larger rates of penetration than achieved in practice so far, while at the same time reducing bit wear, controlling wellbore stability problems and recovering good quality drill cuttings. Although the methodologies developed in this thesis concentrate on township T65-R09W6 we anticipate that they can be extended to other sub-pressured formations with similar geologic characteristics in the Deep Basin of the WCSB and elsewhere.
Charged particle multiplicities in pA interactions at the LHC from the Color Glass Condensate
Creators: name: Rezaeian, Amir H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The forthcoming LHC measurement of hadron multiplicity in proton-nucleus collisions is a crucial test of the k_t factorization and gluon saturation based models. Here, we provide quantitative predictions for the pseudorapidity distribution of charged particles produced in minimum bias proton-nucleus collisions at the LHC based on the idea of gluon saturation in the color-glass condensate framework. Our formulation gives good descriptions of the LHC and RHIC data for the charged-hadron multiplicities in both proton-proton and nucleus-nucleus collisions, and also the deep inelastic scattering at HERA at small Bjorken-x.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures; v2: version improved. The version to appear in PRD
Lithological, diagenetic, and organic controls on reservoir quality in the lower triasic Montney Formation, Pouce Coupe, Alberta
Creators: name: Freeman, Melissa Jane
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2012

description: Bibliography: p. 123-130
description: The Lower Triassic Montney Formation is a major gas producer in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin. The tight gas/shale resources associated with this formation, however, are notoriously difficult to characterize using conventional methodologies due to the presence of heterogeneities below the scale of traditional log and core analysis. An innovative methodology is applied to investigate lithologic, diagenetic, inorganic and organic matter controls on permeability within the formation. Using a core gathered from the Pouce Coupe field, vertical permeability variations along the core were quantified using profile permeability. Microfacies were defined and compared with the profile permeability measurements; this comparison revealed that the finely laminated and uncemented regions were more permeable than areas of thicker bedding. Additional diagenetic and mineralogic controls on permeability were revealed through analysis of XRD and electron microprobe data. Organic matter was characterized using petrography and a slow heating Rock-Eval pyrolysis procedure, which demonstrated that the hydrocarbon in the samples primarily consists of a network of migrated, refractory bitumen. Profile permeability shows no strong relationship to the distribution of refractory hydrocarbons, suggesting that the organic matter does not contribute to permeability and may in fact be a flow inhibitor.
Review of "Making Ends Meet: How Single Mothers Survive Welfare and Low-Wage Work," by Kathryn Edin and Laura Lein
Creators: name: Waldfogel, Jane
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1998
Subjects: Labor economics

description: In Making Ends Meet, sociologist Kathryn Edin and anthropologist Laura Lein set out to answer a few simple questions about the budgets of low-income single-mother families. The researchers wanted to know how much these mothers spent, and where they got the money. They also wanted to know what hardships these families faced, and how low-skilled women decided between welfare and work.
The Light Stop Scenario from Gauge Mediation
Creators: name: Delgado, Antonio
name: Nardini, Germano
name: Quiros, Mariano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we embed the light stop scenario, a MSSM framework which explains the baryon asymmetry of the universe through a strong first order electroweak phase transition, in a top-down approach. The required low energy spectrum consists in the light SM-like Higgs, the right-handed stop, the gauginos and the Higgsinos while the remaining scalars are heavy. This spectrum is naturally driven by renormalization group evolution starting from a heavy scalar spectrum at high energies. The latter is obtained through a supersymmetry-breaking mix of gauge mediation, which provides the scalars masses by new gauge interactions, and gravity mediation, which generates gaugino and Higgsino masses. This supersymmetry breaking also explains the μ and B_μ parameters necessary for electroweak breaking and predicts small tri-linear mixing terms A_t in agreement with electroweak baryogenesis requirements. The minimal embedding predicts a Higgs mass around its experimental lower bound and by a small extension higher masses m_H\lesssim 127 GeV can be accommodated.
description: 20 pages, 3 figures; v2: changes in the conventions; v3: more details on the Higgs mass prediction, version published in JHEP
Nanoscale TiO2 and Fe2O3 architectures for solar energy conversion schemes
Creators: name: Sedach, Pavel Anatolyvich
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2011

description: Bibliography: p. 86-94
description: Many pages in colour.
description: Copy of copyright permissions included. Original copyright permissions with original Partial Copyright Licence.
description: The direct conversion of sunlight into more useable forms of energy has the potential of alleviating the environmental and social problems associated with a dependence on fossil fuels. If solar energy is to be utilized en-masse, however, it must be inexpensive and widely available. In this vein, the focus of this thesis is on nanostructured materials relevant to solar energy conversion and storage. Specifically, this thesis describes the ambient sol-gel synthesis of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanowires designed for enhanced charge-transfer in solar collection devices, and the synthesis of novel disordered metal-oxide (MOx) catalysts for water oxidation. The introductory chapter of this thesis gives an overview of the vanous approaches to solar energy conversion. Sol-gel reaction conditions that enable the growth of one-dimensional (1-D) anatase TiO2 nanostructures from fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) for photovoltaics (PVs) are described in the second chapter. The generation of these linear nanostructures in the absence of an external bias or template is achieved by using facile experimental conditions (e.g., acetic acid (HO Ac) and titanium isopropoxide (Ti(OiPr)4) in anhydrous heptane). The procedure was developed by functionalizing basetreated substrates with Ti-oxide nucleation sites that serve as a foundation for the growth of linear Ti-oxide macromolecules, which upon calcination, render uniform films of randomly oriented anatase Ti02 nanowires. A systematic evaluation of how reaction conditions (e.g., solvent volume, stoichiometry of reagents, substrate base treatment) affect the generation of these Ti02 films is presented. A photo-organic MOx deposition route (i.e., photochemical metal-organic deposition (PMOD)) used to deposit thin-films of amorphous iron oxide (a-Fe2O3) for water oxidation catalysis is detailed in third chapter. It is shown that the irradiation of a spin-coated metal-organic film produces a film of non-crystalline a-Fe2O3. It is shown that annealing at various temperatures produces a-Fe2O3 films with variable electronic properties and catalytic activities in the context of water oxidation. The study revealed that a-Fe2O3 are superior water oxidation catalysts (WOCs) relative to crystalline forms produced by high temperature annealing of the thin-films. This research has important implications in the conversion of sunlight into electricity, and then into hydrogen fuels.
title: Whole Body MR and Low Dose CT In Myeloma: A Pictorial of Imaging Findings
Creators: name: Savietto, Giovanni
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Blood
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: CT
subject: Oncology
subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Haematologic
subject: Musculoskeletal
subject: Retrospective
subject: Observational
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To illustrate the imaging findings in Patients with Multiple Myeloma (MM), studied by both Low-Dose CT (LD-CT) and Whole-Body MR (WB-MR). To focus on advantages and disadvantages of these imaging techniques. To illustrate the most common WB-MR...
MPEC 2023-H148 : 2023 HN3
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 HN3

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Thermal Near-field Radiative Transfer Between Two Spheres
Creators: name: Narayanaswamy, Arvind
name: Chen, Gang
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mechanical engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: Radiative energy transfer between closely spaced bodies is known to be significantly larger than that predicted by classical radiative transfer because of tunneling due to evanescent waves. Theoretical analysis of near-field radiative transfer is mainly restricted to radiative transfer between two half-spaces or spheres treated in the dipole approximation (very small sphere) or proximity force approximation (radius of sphere much greater than the gap). Sphere-sphere or sphere-plane configurations beyond the dipole approximation or proximity force approximation have not been attempted. In this work, the radiative energy transfer between two adjacent non-overlapping spheres of arbitrary diameters and gaps is analyzed numerically. For spheres of small diameter (compared to the wavelength), the results coincide with the dipole approximation. We see that the proximity force approximation is not valid for spheres with diameters much larger than the gap, even though this approximation is well established for calculating forces. From the numerical results, a regime map is constructed based on two nondimensional length scales for the validity of different approximations.
Effective mechanical properties of lattice materials
Creators: name: Chopra, Prateek
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Lattice materials possess a spatially repeating porous microstructure or unit cell. Their usefulness lies in their multi-functionality in terms of providing high specific stiffness, thermal conductivity, energy absorption and vibration control by attenuating forcing frequencies falling within the band gap region. Analytical expressions have been proposed in the past to predict cell geometry dependent effective material properties by considering a lattice as a network of beams in the high porosity limit. Applying these analytical techniques to complex cell geometries is cumbersome. This precludes the use of analytical methods in conducting a comparative study involving complex lattice topologies. A numerical method based on the method of long wavelengths and Bloch theory is developed here and applied to a chosen set of lattice geometries in order to compare effective material properties of infinite lattices. The proposed method requires implementation of Floquet-bloch transformation in conjunction with a Finite Element (FE) scheme. Elastic boundary layers emerge from surfaces and interfaces in a finite lattice, or an infinite lattice with defects such as cracks. Boundary layers can degrade effective material properties. A semi-analytical formulation is developed and applied to a chosen set of topologies and the topologies with deep boundary layers are identified. The methods developed in this dissertation facilitate rapid design calculation and selection of appropriate core topologies in multifunctional design of sandwich structures employing a lattice core.
Understanding the "Family Gap" in Pay for Women with Children
Creators: name: Waldfogel, Jane
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1998
Subjects: Families
Labor economics

description: As the gender gap in pay between women and men has been narrowing, the "family gap" in pay between mothers and nonmothers has been widening. One reason may be the institutional structure in the United States, which has emphasized equal pay and opportunity policies but not family policies, in contrast to other countries that have implemented both. The authors now have evidence on the links between one such family policy and women's pay. Recent research suggests that maternity leave coverage, by raising women's retention after childbirth, also raises women's levels of work experience, job tenure, and pay.
Large-scale first principles configuration interaction calculations of optical absorption in boron clusters
Creators: name: Shinde, Ravindra
name: Shukla, Alok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed systematic large-scale all-electron correlated calculations on boron clusters B$_{n}$(n=2--5), to study their linear optical absorption spectra. Several possible isomers of each cluster were considered, and their geometries were optimized at the coupled-cluster singles doubles (CCSD) level of theory. Using the optimized ground-state geometries, excited states of different clusters were computed using the multi-reference singles-doubles configuration-interaction (MRSDCI) approach, which includes electron correlation effects at a sophisticated level. These CI wave functions were used to compute the transition dipole matrix elements connecting the ground and various excited states of different clusters, eventually leading to their linear absorption spectra. The convergence of our results with respect to the basis sets, and the size of the CI expansion were carefully examined. The contribution of configurations to many body wavefunction of various excited states suggests that the excitations involved are collective, plasmonic type.
description: 25 page, 13 figures (included); Invited article for a special issue titled "Theoretical Simulation and Computational Design of Nanomaterials and Biomaterials", of the journal Nano Life
Changes in the biochemical constituents and morphologic appearance of the human cervical stroma during pregnancy
Creators: name: Myers, Kristin M.
name: Socrate, Simona
name: Tzeranis, Dimitrios
name: House, Michael
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Obstetrics
Gynecology

description: Objective: The cervix is the lower portion of the uterus. It is composed of fibrous tissue and its mechanical integrity is crucial for maintaining a healthy gestation. During normal pregnancy, the cervical extracellular matrix (ECM) remodels in preparation for labor. The objective of this study was to investigate the biochemical and morphological changes in cervical stroma associated with physiological remodeling during normal pregnancy. Study design: Using human cervical tissue obtained from pregnant and non-pregnant patients, the ECM was analyzed for its biochemical constituents and histologic morphology. The ECM was assayed for hydration, collagen concentration, collagen solubility, total sulfated glycosaminoglycan concentration, and individual disaccharide concentration. The ECM morphology was visualized using conventional histological techniques (Masson's trichrome stain, polarized light microscopy) as well as second harmonic generation (SHG) imaging. Results: When comparing pregnant to non-pregnant tissue, significant increases were measured for total sulfated glycosaminoglycans, hyaluronic acid, and collagen solubility. The microscopy studies confirmed that the collagenous network of the cervical stroma was anisotropic and pregnancy was associated with a discernable decrease in collagen organization. Conclusion: Significant changes were seen in the concentration and organization of cervical ECM constituents during normal pregnancy.
title: CEUS for abdominal organs – our experience in the past years
Creators: name: Rudnay, Maroš
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Liver
subject: Kidney
subject: Abdominal Viscera
subject: Retrospective
subject: Not applicable
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: We started performing contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) of abdominal organs in 2016, mainly assessing pathology of kidneys and liver. The aim of our retrospective analysis of all patients examined in the 2016 – 2019 period is to review: the...
Labour market outcomes of shifts in industrial composition in Brazil and Mexico
Creators: name: Mardukhi, Jian
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Conventionally, it is believed that wages are primarily determined by aggregate demand for labour, treating its industrial composition as irrelevant. E.g., while trade liberalization affects aggregate labour demand and its industrial composition by differently impacting within-industry labour demands, it is deemed to affect wages mainly through the former rather than the latter. In principle, given that industries pay differently to similar workers, compositional shifts that favour high premium industries, increase the likelihood of high-paying employment and raise the value of outside options for unemployed workers within skill-groups. Consequently, wages strategically increase in all industries. Chapters 1 and 2 explore whether after controlling for changes in aggregate demand for labour, shifts in its industrial composition play an important role in determining wages. Guided by the outcome of a general equilibrium model, exogenous, trade-induced variation in change in composition of local employment across cities in Mexico and Brazil during the 1990s is used to identify the associated causal wage effects, while controlling for changes in local demands for labour. It is found that shifts in industrial composition of local employment substantially impacts local sectoral wages. Not much is known about the reasons behind differences in self-employment rate across space. While differences in local factors might matter, such factors are also impacted by changes in self-employment rate, making identification difficult. Chapter 3 asks to what extent local wages and wage-employment rate are important in determining local self-employment rate. Building on the structure provided by a multi-city, multi-industry search and bargaining model of a labour market, the 1991 and 2000 waves of the Brazilian household census data are used to identify the long-term, causal effects of local employment rate and wages on local self-employment rate across Brazilian sub-national labour markets. Exogenous variation in local structures of wages and employment across Brazilian cities that were induced by trade liberalization of the 1990s in Brazil are used as the basis of the identification strategy. It is found that reallocation to self-employment from unemployment causally, and inversely, depends on local average wage and employment rate, and is substantially more responsive to changes in local wages.
Conservation policy needs for privately owned grasslands
Creators: name: Manes, Robert
name: Riley, Terry
name: International Wildlife Ranching Symposium, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Wildlife management -- Congresses
subject: Range management -- Congresses

description: Moderator: Terry Riley.
description: Presented at the 8th international congress for wildlife and livelihoods on private and communal lands: livestock, tourism, and spirit, that was held on September 7-12, 2014 in Estes Park, Colorado.
description: The concept of affecting conservation at large scales is relatively simple: If strategies can be applied across traditional boundaries, then fragmenting effects of development and land management can be ameliorated for species that rely on large and intact habitats. The challenge, however, is that landscapes have multiple ownerships and land uses, and conservation entities often are insular. Individual organizations and agencies often lack resources, expertise, authority, and relationships essential to success. Agencies, non-government organizations, and landowners may exist in the same geographies without developing cooperative relationships necessary for large-scale conservation. Three case studies illustrate how this can be overcome. Common success factors include strong partnerships between government, non-government organizations, and landowners; and building broad recognition of the projects' merit. The case studies examined here include Montana's Rocky Mountain Front, Fortin Chacabuco Ranch near the Argentina-Chile border, and eastern Kansas' Flint Hills. In each case, the need for large-scale conservation is illuminated by one or more wide-ranging non-migratory species, and by a still-intact ecosystem that is significantly diminished across its former geographic expression. Also, in each case, conservation success resulted from either purposeful, or initially chance, cooperation between government agencies, NGOs, funders, and private landowners. This cooperation precipitated support for the projects, but also understanding among diverse and sometimes opposing interests. The purpose of this presentation is to strengthen the conservation community's ability to strategically and purposefully form and deploy the alliances necessary to achieve lasting large-scale conservation.
title: Clinical Audit of Actionable Reporting on Chest X-Ray Referrals from Primary Care at a Tertiary Hospital
Creators: name: See, Yon Huang
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Not applicable
subject: Retrospective
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Education and training
subject: Structured reporting
subject: Safety
subject: Audit and standards
subject: PACS
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Thorax
subject: Lung
subject: Cardiac
subject: Chest

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To evaluate the key standards in reporting Chest X-Ray (CXR) from primary care at Aberdeen Royal Infirmary (ARI), NHS Grampian. To achieve the key standards for interpretation and reporting of imaging investigations set up by the Royal College of...
title: Evaluating the Effects of Ketamine on Cognitive Flexibility in Rats Using a Probabilistic Reversal Learning Task
Creators: name: Nist, Anthony N.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: Depression is one of the most debilitating and widespread mental health conditions in the world today. Drugs that are traditionally prescribed to combat depression are flawed in several ways, and because of this, new treatments are needed. One drug that seems capable of overcoming the limitations of traditional antidepressants is ketamine. In clinical research, a single dose of ketamine can significantly reduce symptoms of depression quickly, its effects may last for weeks to months, and its side effects appear to be limited and relatively harmless. However, clinical research is ongoing, and more research is needed to fully understand ketamine's beneficial effects. One way that research can help understand how ketamine works is by using animal models of behavior. These models are beneficial because they allow researchers to isolate very specific variables that sometimes are not possible with human research. The specific approach used here is called reinforcement learning, which is well-suited to studying basic decision-making processes and how behavior changes based on receiving rewards and punishments. The experiment in Chapter 2 was designed to test the effects of different ketamine doses on behavioral adaptation, something that depressed individuals struggle with. Regardless of dose, ketamine did not enhance this ability, and instead appeared to cause short-lived impairments in healthy rats. The experiment in Chapter 3 was designed to assess the effects of ketamine on behavior when two different forms of negative outcomes were either combined or not. Ketamine again did not have any long-lasting effects, but rats showed enhanced behavioral adaptation and persistence when they experienced a combination of two negative outcomes. Together, these studies aimed to improve our understanding of what aspects of depression ketamine might be useful for, and how to improve upon future research using reinforcement learning procedures with non-human animals.
title: Contemporary multimodality imaging of pericardial diseases: a guide for the radiologist
Creators: name: Simkus, Paulius
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: Cardiac
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Inflammation
subject: Not applicable

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To review the normal anatomy of the pericardium and the spectrum of pericardial diseases. To discuss multimodality imaging approach of pericardial...
Accurate and Efficient P-value Calculation Via Gaussian Approximation: A Novel Monte-Carlo Method
Creators: name: Liu, Yaowu
name: Xie, Jun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: It is of fundamental interest in statistics to test the significance of a set of covariates. For example, in genome-wide association studies, a joint null hypothesis of no genetic effect is tested for a set of multiple genetic variants. The minimum p-value method, higher criticism, and Berk–Jones tests are particularly effective when the covariates with nonzero effects are sparse. However, the correlations among covariates and the nonGaussian distribution of the response pose a great challenge toward the p-value calculation of the three tests. In practice, permutation is commonly used to obtain accurate p-values, but it is computationally very intensive, especially when we need to conduct a large amount of hypothesis testing. In this paper, we propose a Gaussian approximation method based on a Monte Carlo scheme, which is computationally more efficient than permutation while still achieving similar accuracy. We derive nonasymptotic approximation error bounds that could vanish in the limit even if the number of covariates is much larger than the sample size. Through real-genotype-based simulations and data analysis of a genome-wide association study of Crohn’s disease, we compare the accuracy and computation cost of our proposed method, of permutation, and of the method based on asymptotic distribution. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Analyzing Postdisaster Surveillance Data: The Effect of the Statistical Method
Creators: name: DiMaggio, Charles J.
name: Galea, Sandro
name: Abramson, David M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Emergency management
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Data from existing administrative databases and ongoing surveys or surveillance methods may prove indispensable after mass traumas as a way of providing information that may be useful to emergency planners and practitioners. The analytic approach, however, may affect exposure prevalence estimates and measures of association. We compare Bayesian hierarchical modeling methods to standard survey analytic techniques for survey data collected in the aftermath of a terrorist attack. Estimates for the prevalence of exposure to the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, varied by the method chosen. Bayesian hierarchical modeling returned the lowest estimate for exposure prevalence with a credible interval spanning nearly 3 times the range of the confidence intervals (CIs) associated with both unadjusted and survey procedures. Bayesian hierarchical modeling also returned a smaller point estimate for measures of association, although in this instance the credible interval was tighter than that obtained through survey procedures. Bayesian approaches allow a consideration of preexisting assumptions about survey data, and may offer potential advantages, particularly in the uncertain environment of postterrorism and disaster settings. Additional comparative analyses of existing data are necessary to guide our ability to use these techniques in future incidents.
Similarity Images with Hierarchical Graph based on WordNet Thesaurus
Creators: name: นัศพ์ชาณัณ ชินปัญช์ธนะ
Publisher: name: Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Mahanakorn University of Technology
Year: 2016
Subjects: image retrieval
image processing
semantic image
hierarchical graph
similarity measure

description: Journal of Information Science and Technology, 6, 1, 8-15
Modelling the composition of a young star cluster ejecta
Creators: name: Mollá, Mercedes
name: Terlevich, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have computed with a fine time grid the evolution of the elemental abundances of He, C, N and O ejected by a young (t < 20 Myr) and massive (M$=10^{6}$\,\Msun) coeval stellar cluster with a Salpeter initial mass function (IMF) over a wide range of initial abundances. Our computations incorporate the mass loss from massive stars (M >30 Msun) during their wind phase including the Wolf-Rayet phase and the ejecta from the core collapse supernovae. We find that during the Wolf-Rayet phase (t <5 Myr) the cluster ejecta composition suddenly becomes vastly over-abundant in N for all initial abundances and in He, C and O for initial abundances higher than 1/5th Solar. The C and O abundance in the cluster ejecta can reach over 50 times the solar value with important consequences for the chemical and hydrodynamical evolution of the surrounding ISM.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures, 7 tables, accepted by MNRAS
Tomography and state reconstruction with superconducting single-photon detectors
Creators: name: Renema, Jelmer J.
name: Frucci, Giulia
name: de Dood, Michiel J. A.
name: Gill, Richard
name: Fiore, Andrea
name: van Exter, Martin P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform quantum state reconstruction of coherent and thermal states with a detector which has an enhanced multiphoton response. The detector is based on superconducting nanowires, where the bias current sets the dependence of the click probability on the photon number; this bias current is used as tuning parameter in the state reconstruction. The nonlinear response makes our nanowire-based detector superior to the linear detectors that are conventionally used for quantum state reconstruction.
description: revision of intro compared to V1
Near-Field Radiative Heat Transfer Between a Sphere and a Substrate
Creators: name: Narayanaswamy, Arvind
name: Shen, Sheng
name: Chen, Gang
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mechanical engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: Near-field force and energy exchange between two objects due to quantum electrodynamic fluctuations give rise to interesting phenomena such as Casimir and van der Waals forces and thermal radiative transfer exceeding Planck’s theory of blackbody radiation. Although significant progress has been made in the past on the precise measurement of Casimir force related to zero-point energy, experimental demonstration of near-field enhancement of radiative heat transfer is difficult. In this work, we present a sensitive technique of measuring near-field radiative transfer between a microsphere and a substrate using a bimaterial atomic force microscope cantilever, resulting in “heat transfer-distance” curves. Measurements of radiative transfer between a sphere and a flat substrate show the presence of strong near-field effects resulting in enhancement of heat transfer over the predictions of the Planck blackbody radiation theory.
Early Years Policy
Creators: name: Waldfogel, Jane
name: Washbrook, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Early childhood education
Education and state
School management and organization

description: We analyze the role that early years policy might play in narrowing educational attainment gaps. We begin by examining gaps in school readiness between low-, middle-, and high-income children,  drawing on data from new large and nationally representative birth cohort studies in the USA and UK. We find that sizable income-related gaps in school readiness are present in both countries before children enter school and then decompose these gaps to identify the factors that account for the poorer scores of low-income children. We then consider what role early years policy could play in tackling these gaps, drawing on the best available evidence to identify promising programs.
title: Columbian Sharp-tailed Grouse reintroduction to Middle Park
title: Sharp-tailed grouse reintroduction projects on Blue Valley Ranch
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Richert, Josh
name: Kossler, John
name: Riley, Terry
name: International Wildlife Ranching Symposium, Producer
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Wildlife management -- Congresses
subject: Range management -- Congresses

description: Moderator: Terry Riley.
description: Presented at the 8th international congress for wildlife and livelihoods on private and communal lands: livestock, tourism, and spirit, that was held on September 7-12, 2014 in Estes Park, Colorado.
description: Video presenter: Josh Richert.
description: The Columbian Sharp-tailed Grouse (Tympanuchus phasianellus columbianus; CSTG) is the rarest of six sub-species of grouse that are endemic to sagebrush, shrubsteppe and mountain shrub communities of western North America. It currently occupies less than 10% of its historic range, including 3 counties in northwestern Colorado, due to habitat loss, energy development, changes in land management and urban expansion. CSTG populations had been documented in the Lower Blue River Basin of Middle Park in North-Central Colorado as recently as the mid-1950s, so a cooperative effort between Colorado Parks and Wildlife (CPW) and private landowner Blue Valley Ranch (BVR) sought to re-introduce the bird to this area. Trapping occurred from the Fall 2006 - Spring 2008 seasons in the Hayden and Craig areas of Northwestern Colorado. A total of 91 females and 58 males were released on Blue Valley Ranch from 2006 - 2008. Approximately 15 males and 27 females were deployed with VHF radio transmitters for monitoring. Habitat and nesting data were also collected for comparison with the trapping area. Since the release, two permanent leks have been established with high counts of 21 and 26 males in 2014, with two additional lek sites needing confirmation in 2015. The project has been successful in establishing a new population of CSTG on a private, 25,000 acre conservation ranch within their historical range, and CPW plans to augment the population with additional CSTG releases over the next 2-3 years in the Williams Fork Drainage, about 8 miles east of BVR.
Exposure to effluent from pharmaceutical industry induced cytogenotoxicity, hematological and histopathological alterations in Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)
Creators: name: Alimba, Chibuisi G.
name: Adekoya, Khalid A.
name: Soyinka, Olufemi O.
Publisher: name: IfADo - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: acute toxicity
African catfish
hematology
histopathology
micronucleus assay
untreated pharmaceutical effluent

description: Pharmaceutical effluents contain toxic xenobiotics capable of contaminating aquatic environments. Untreated effluents are illegally discharged into aquatic environment in most developing countries. Pharmaceutical effluent induced alterations in biomarkers of genetic and systemic damage on rodents. However, information is relatively scarce on the possible cytogenotoxicity and systemic toxicity of this effluent on aquatic vertebrates. The study herein assessed the cytogenotoxic, hematological and histopathological alterations induced by pharmaceutical effluent in Clarias gariepinus. 96 h acute toxicity of the effluent was determined after C. gariepinus was exposed to six different concentrations (10 - 60 %) of the effluent. Subsequently, fish was exposed to sub-lethal concentrations (2.18 - 17.41 %) obtained from the 96 h LC50 for 7 and 14 days after which micronucleus (MN) and nuclear abnormalities (NAs) in peripheral erythrocytes were assessed as cytogenotoxic biomarkers, alterations in hematological indices and histopathological lesions were also examined. Fish, concurrently exposed to dechlorinated tap water and benzene (0.01 mL/L), served as negative and positive controls respectively. The derived 96 h LC50 of 17.41 % which was 1.89 times more toxic than the 24 h LC50 (32.95 %) showed that the effluent induced concentration-dependent mortality according to exposure duration. The effluent caused significant (𝑝<0.05) time-dependent increase in the frequency of MN and abnormal nuclear erythrocytes compared to the negative control. Also, there was decrease in total erythrocyte counts, hemoglobin and hematocrit concentrations and increase in leucocyte and lymphocyte counts. The effluent induced pathological lesions in gills, liver and kidneys of treated fish. Higher physicochemical parameters than standard permissible limits in the effluent are capable of inducing genomic instability and systemic damage in fish. Pharmaceutical effluent can increase micropollutants in aquatic environmental and health risks to aquatic biota. There is need to promulgate stringent laws against illegal discharge of effluents into aquatic environment.
description: EXCLI Journal; 18:Doc51; ISSN 1611-2156
Duality formula for the bridges of a Brownian diffusion. Application to gradient drifts
Creators: name: Rœlly, Sylvie
name: Thieullen, Michèle
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: reciprocal processes
subject: stochastic bridge
subject: mixture of bridges
subject: integration by parts formula
subject: Malliavin calculus
subject: entropy
subject: time reversal
subject: reversible process
subject: 60G15
subject: 60G60
subject: 60H10
subject: 60J60

description: In this paper we consider families of time Markov fields (or reciprocal classes) which have the same bridges as a Brownian diffusion. We characterize each class as the set of solutions of an integration by parts formula on the space of continuous paths C([0; 1]; ℝd ). Our techniques provide a characterization of gradient diffusions by a duality formula and, in case of reversibility, a generalization of a result of Kolmogorov
Chemical constituents from the flowers of Satsuma mandarin and their free radical scavenging and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities
Creators: name: Adhikari-Devkota, Anjana
name: Elbashir, Sara Mustafa Idris
name: Watanabe, Takashi
name: Prasad Devkota, Hari
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Flowers of Citrus plants are used as mild sedatives and for the treatment of insomnia in traditional medicines. In Japan, tea made from the flowers of Satsuma mandarin is consumed as healthy drink. Hesperidin (1), hesperetin (2), rutin (3), quercetin (4), nicotiflorin (5), eriocitrin (6), narirutin (7), phenylethyl glucoside (8) and unshuoside A (9) were isolated from the MeOH extract of fresh flowers. Structure elucidation of these compounds was performed on the basis of NMR spectroscopic data. Among them, rutin (3), quercetin (4) and eriocitrin (6) showed potent free radical scavenging activity, whereas hesperetin (2) and quercetin (4) showed potent α-glucosidase inhibitory activity.
title: Inundated Vegetation Response to Ongoing Restoration and Its Impacts on Fish Community Structure
Creators: name: May, Emmanuel J.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: Shallow lake ecosystems and their associated wetland habitats globally are subject to non-native species introductions, nutrient loading, and water level fluctuations, each of which can decrease vegetated habitat availability, exposing vulnerable native aquatic species to predation. Managers are frequently tasked with mitigating native species declines by restoring vegetation considered crucial for their survival. However, restoring vegetation can be challenging in the presence of multiple stressors, requiring managers to assess the relative importance of the different stressors limiting vegetation recovery.
Utah Lake is a large shallow lake subject to multiple stressors and has shifted from a mesotrophic lake with abundant aquatic vegetation to a hypereutrophic lake dominated by phytoplankton. The threatened, endemic June sucker Chasmistes liorus demonstrates extremely limited natural recruitment, and limited vegetated refuge habitat availability likely contributes to their low juvenile survival. Currently, removal efforts are underway to eliminate invasive common carp Cyprinus carpio and Phragmites australis, with the goal of restoring the aquatic vegetation considered critical to June sucker recovery. The objectives of this study were to (1) evaluate the response of vegetation to removal efforts and lake level variability at the lake-wide scale, and (2) determine how fish community composition and size-structure differs between vegetated and unvegetated habitats in Utah Lake. Addressing these objectives will describe the relative importance of stressors limiting vegetation and inform managers of fish habitat use.
My results indicate changes in lake level across years drive vegetation coverage at the lake scale in Utah Lake, affecting fish community composition and structure. Submerged vegetation decreased under elevated lake levels, while emergent vegetation increased under elevated lake levels. Interestingly, vegetation coverage demonstrated no response to changes in carp biomass or Phragmites treatment extent. Small-bodied and juvenile fish were more abundant in vegetated habitats, suggesting these habitats represent predator refugia. However, no juvenile June sucker were captured in any of my samples. My study demonstrates that, as non-native fishes also depend on vegetation for refuge, competition with non-native fishes may limit the benefits of vegetation restoration realized by June sucker. The implications of my results suggest managers must prioritize both lake level management and non-native fish control to support June sucker recovery.
title: Radiologists and Radiotherapeutic Oncologists Against Cervical Cancer: How Can We Work Together?
Creators: name: Pantoja Ortiz, Violeta
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Cancer
subject: Radiation therapy / Oncology
subject: MR
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Genitourinary

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: - Illustrate the role of MRI in intracavitary brachytherapy in cervical cancer. - Describe the appropiate MRI protocol in this context. - Emphasize the main aspects in the interpretation of an...