cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Inward FDI in Ireland and its policy context
Creators: name: Brennan, Louis
name: Verma, Rakhi
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Managerial economics
Finance
Economics

description: Ireland has one of the highest ratios of inward foreign direct investment (IFDI) stock to gross domestic product (GDP) among the OECD countries. The surge in IFDI from the 1990s onwards is regarded as one of the factors that contributed to the "Celtic Tiger" era of rapid economic growth, rising living standards and full employment. However, stocks of IFDI fell in four of the six years from 2004 to 2009, largely due to outflows of capital from foreign affiliates in Ireland to their parent companies abroad. More recent data show an increase in IFDI stock in 2009, which continued into the first quarter of 2010. This rise is in large part due to the scale of reinvested earnings on the part of foreign affiliates in Ireland and the growing success in attracting knowledge intensive investment, while the lowering of the cost base since the advent of the crisis in Ireland has enhanced its attractiveness as an investment location. Changes in business taxation that have taken effect in 2010 have been designed to improve Ireland's attractiveness to knowledge intensive industries and as a location for company regional headquarters. The Irish Government is committed to maintaining the low rate of corporate taxation of 12.5%. While the current crisis has had the paradoxical effect of increasing Ireland's attractiveness as a location for FDI, future FDI prospects will also be enhanced by Ireland demonstrating a capacity to overcome its present difficulties.
Inward FDI in Colombia and its policy context
Creators: name: Posada Betancourt, Miguel
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Managerial economics
Finance
Economics

description: Colombia used to be a synonym for violence and drugs, but not anymore. Today, the country has one of the best performing economies in Latin America, and violence levels have been dramatically reduced. The outgoing administration made improving investor confidence and the business environment one of the pillars of its policy. As a result of important reforms and aggressive campaigns to promote the country as an attractive location, inward foreign direct investment (IFDI) has risen to unprecedented levels. Due to these positive changes, Colombia has been designated a "top reformer" for the past four years in the World Bank's Doing Business reports, and the new Government has promised to maintain and reinforce efforts to attract foreign investment. Even though IFDI flows decreased in the past two years as a consequence of the economic and financial crisis, many foreign affiliates in Colombia achieved positive profits. A country that a decade ago was avoided is now in many investors' plans.
Using of the natural radioactive elements for determining Ge-detector efficiencies
Creators: name: Tertyshnik, E. G.
name: Epifanova, I. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method is proposed to use of the mixture of Uran oxide and non-active matrix (e.g., NaCl) and also potassium and lanthanum for determining Ge-detector efficiencies. The preparations containing of known amouts of the U or K, or La were measured by means of the Ge-detector, which a efficiency curve has been obtained through the reference solutions of 241Am, 109Cd, 57Co, 139Ce, 137Cs, 60Co. Results the measurements were compared the activities of the preparations calculated from mass of 235U, 238U, 138La, 40K in the samples, its natural abundance, half lives and intensities of gamma lines. Discrepancy of the activities in the energy range between 163 and 1461 keV does not exeed 7 %. For correct comparison of the activities the coefficients ω were calculated, which took into consideration a varied sorption of gamma-rays in water and in mixture of the Uran oxide and matrix.
description: 10 pages, including 4 tables
Inward FDI in Argentina and its policy context
Creators: name: Nofal, Beatriz
name: Nahon, Cecilia
name: Fernandez, Carolina
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Managerial economics
Finance
Economics

description: With a long-standing tradition of an international business presence, Argentina followed an open investment policy since its early stages of development. The most recent wave of foreign direct investment (FDI) growth took place between 2004 and 2008, with investments primarily in the manufacturing, natural resources and new technology sectors. In 2008, inward FDI flows reached US$ 10 billion, positioning the country as a relevant investment destination worldwide. Moreover, with a 50% annual increase, Argentina was one of the ten fastest growing FDI destinations in the world. In 2009, inward FDI contracted due to the global economic crisis in line with the rest of the world.
title: Толкование в частном и публичном праве
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Северо-Кавказский федеральный университет
Year: 2023

description: Практикум составлен в соответствии с требованиями федерального государственного образовательного стандарта высшего образования и включает учебно-методические разработки к практическим занятиям. Утвержден на заседании кафедры гражданского права и процесса, протокол № 13 от 20 апреля 2023 г. Предназначено для студентов-магистрантов, обучающихся по направлению подготовки 40.04.01 Юриспруденция, направленностям (профилям): «Государственно-правовая политика, правотворчество, правореализация», «Инновационная юриспруденция», «Гражданское право, семейное право, международное частное право», «Правовое регулирование народовластия, государственного и муниципального управления, международной и национальной безопасности», «Уголовное право, криминология, уголовно-исполнительное право», «Земельное право, природоресурсное право, энергетическое право», «Юрист в сфере финансового, банковского и таможенного права», «Правоохранительная и правозащитная деятельность, прокурорский надзор».
A synthetic approach to quinocarcin and cyanocycline A : the Ugi reaction of complex aminoacids
Creators: name: Turner, Charles Dylan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: This dissertation describes synthetic efforts towards the natural products quinocarcin and cyanocycline A. Our approach capitalizes on the Ugi reaction of a complex pyroglutamol-derived aminoacid. This ambitious strategy first required the synthesis of the aminoacid, which required considerable development; ultimately the route was optimized to become practical and consistently high-yielding. Ugi condensation reactions using this material were successful, providing advanced precursors of the target molecules.
Using the Sense Element Engagement Process to Improve Cortical Prosthetic Vision
Creators: name: Pavloski, Raymond
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: artificial neural networks; biological neural networks; cortical prosthetic vision; machine vision; neuromorphic hardware; neuroprosthesis

description: This is a slightly expanded version of a presentation given at the 2nd International Forum on Neural Engineering and Brain Technologies held in Berlin, Germany on June 20-21, 2023.
description: This ppsx file includes audio narration.
Supplementary Figures from Transcriptomic signatures associated with underlying rapid changes in the early phase brain of bi-directional sex change in Trimma okinawae
Creators: name: Tamagawa, Katsunori
name: Sunobe, Tomoki
name: Makino, Takashi
name: Kawata, Masakado
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310299
subject: Bioinformatics and computational biology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 310499
subject: Evolutionary biology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 310901
subject: Animal behaviour

description: Teleost fish exhibit remarkable sexual plasticity and divergent developmental systems, including sequential hermaphroditism. One of the more fascinating models of sexual plasticity is socially controlled sex change, which is often observed in coral reef fish. The Okinawa rubble goby, Trimma okinawae, is a bi-directional sex-changing fish. It can rapidly change sex in either direction based on social circumstances. Although behavioural and neuroendocrine sex change occurs immediately and is believed to trigger gonadal changes, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we conducted a de novo transcriptome analysis of the T. okinawae brain and identified genes that are differentially expressed between the sexes and genes that were immediately controlled by social stimulation implicating sex change. Several genes showed concordant expression shifts regardless of the sex change direction and were associated with histone modification in nerve cells. These genes are known to function in the neuroendocrine control of reproduction in nerve cells. Overall, we identified genes associated with the initiation of sex change, which provides insight into the regulation of sex change and sexual plasticity.
title: The Churches
title: The Churches
Creators: name: Houlihan, Patrick J.
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: o.P. Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Religion
subject: o.P. World War, 1914-1918--Religious aspects

description: Reflecting current historiography, this article focuses primarily on Christian churches centered in the main European theater of the Great War, including more global interactions with the other Abrahamic faiths of Judaism and Islam. The polarizing “just war” bellicosity of the clergy mattered greatly, especially regarding prominent clerics who championed the disparate interests of nation-states. Both above and below official nation-state levels, however, the churches had a variety of influences that represented a wide spectrum of faith and works. Churches advanced the cause of war and state-sponsored violence, but they also served as advocates of peace and healing. Myriad state contexts produced a plethora of church-state situations, not easily categorized. Above all, one must avoid instrumental readings of the churches as “successful” or “failed” to the extent that states won or lost the war. As traditional institutions, the churches adapted to the Great War in manifold ways. Thus, with significance for large-scale patterns of 20th century world history, scholars will continue to investigate religiosity in both public and private demonstrations of faith across the globe.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Supplementary document for On-Chip Meta-Optics for Transparent Screen Display in Sync with AR Projection - 5805893.pdf
Creators: name: Shi, Yangyang
name: wan, chengwei
name: Dai, Chenjie
name: Wan, Shuai
name: Liu, Yang
name: Zhang, Chen
name: Li, Zhongyang
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: Nanophotonics

description: Supplemental Document
Coherences of accelerated detectors and the local character of the Unruh effect
Creators: name: Anastopoulos, Charis
name: Savvidou, Ntina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the locality of the acceleration temperature in the Unruh effect. To this end, we develop a new formalism for the modeling of macroscopic irreversible detectors. In particular, the formalism allows for the derivation of the higher-order coherence functions, analogous to the ones employed in quantum optics, that encode temporal fluctuations and correlations in particle detection. We derive a causal and approximately local-in-time expression for an Unruh-Dewitt detector moving in a general path in Minkowski spacetime. Moreover, we derive the second-order coherence function for uniformly accelerated Unruh-Dewitt detectors. We find that the fluctuations in detection time for a single Unruh-Dewitt detector are thermal. However, the correlations in detection-time between two Unruh-Dewitt detectors with the same acceleration but separated by a finite distance are not thermal. This result suggests that the Unruh effect is fundamentally local, in the sense that the notion of acceleration temperature applies only to the properties of local field observables.
description: 24 pages, latex. Comments and references added, version to appear in JMP
title: Micronesia
title: Micronesia
Creators: name: Tillmann, Niko
name: Maezawa, Yuko
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: o.P. Ozeanien
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: o.P. World War, 1914-1918
subject: Oceania

description: Japanese interest in expansion into the South Pacific began in the 1870s. World War I provided a long sought after chance for the Japanese Imperial Navy to enhance its standing and gain a strategically important base. Japanese claims to the South Sea Islands were contested by her allies, but persisted throughout and after the Great War.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
title: War Press Office (Austria-Hungary)
title: War Press Office (Austria-Hungary)
Creators: name: Tepperberg, Christoph
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: o.P. Österreich-Ungarn
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Propaganda
subject: o.P. World War, 1914-1918--Austria
subject: Propaganda

description: The War Press Office, or ''Kriegspressequartier'' (KPQ) was the central propaganda institution of the Austro-Hungarian armed forces during World War I. Initially, the KPQ co-ordinated only print media, engaging numerous journalists and notable writers. During the course of the war, the KPQ expanded its scope of responsibility to include painting, photography, film, music and theatre. In addition, it exercised press censorship for texts and pictures of military origin.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Outward FDI from India and its policy context
Creators: name: Satyanand, Premila Nazareth
name: Raghavendran, Pramila
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Managerial economics
Finance
Economics

description: India is now the world's 21st largest outward investor, which is significant given its historically miniscule foreign direct investment (FDI) outflows. Annual FDI outflows have jumped fifty-fold after 2000, and Indian firms have invested over US$ 75 billion overseas in the past decade, in some cases to attain global status by acquiring world-leading firms. Substantial improvements in the country's economic performance and the competitiveness of its firms and their strategy, resulting from ongoing liberalization in economic and outward FDI (OFDI) policies, made these developments possible. Indian firms now invest across a wide variety of sectors and countries, departing from their historical focus on trading and textile investments in developing countries. Following the 25% crisis-induced drop in Indian OFDI in 2009, Indian firms are once again increasing their overseas investment, including through mergers and acquisitions (M&As). India's OFDI should continue its rapid upward trend over the next few years, as more companies seek to transfer their products and service innovations to new markets, and acquire strategic international know-how and market shares, particularly in crisis-hit developed economies.
Evolution of Plastic Strain During a Flow Forming Process
Creators: name: Roy, M. J.
name: Klassen, R. J.
name: Wood, J. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The distribution of equivalent plastic strain through the thickness of several AISI 1020 steel plates formed under different conditions over a smooth cylindrical mandrel using a single-roller forward flow forming operation was studied by measuring the local micro-indentation hardness of the deformed material. The equivalent plastic strain was higher at the inner and outer surfaces and lowest at the center of the workpiece. Empirical expressions are presented which describe the contribution of the roller and mandrel to the total local equivalent plastic strain within the flow formed part. The dependence of these expressions upon the thickness reduction during flow forming is discussed.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
U.S. outward FDI: Current flows lowered in weakened global economy but attraction of emerging markets remains
Creators: name: Ibarra-Caton, Marilyn
name: Mataloni, Raymond
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Managerial economics
Finance
Economics

description: The pronounced decline in U.S. OFDI parallels the broader falloff in business investment worldwide in the current economic recession. Despite the slowdown in U.S. OFDI flows, they remained over 25 percent higher than the average for the preceding five years, which is partly attributable to the continuing attraction of big emerging markets.
Exploring the Role of a Learner-Centered Assessment Approach in Developing Undergraduate Business Students’ Entrepreneurial Knowledge, Skills, and Mindset
Creators: name: Khan, Sharaz
Publisher: name: Werklund School of Education
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Education--Curriculum and Instruction
subject: Education--Technology
subject: Education--Tests and Measurements

description: Unlike the traditional teacher/instructor-centered approach, Learner-Centered Assessment (LCA) promotes students’ active learning that occurs according to the needs of the 21st-century society. The process of creating LCA is not a ready-made solution, making it possible to develop a unique, inclusive model that could be implemented with the same success in different education settings. Research has shown that LCA makes student learning more meaningful by being applied through discovery, creative, and inductive approaches. It enables independent work of learners to be more apparent and better represented and focused on individualization and individual gains. Using LCA, students in undergraduate business programs are expected to develop the following entrepreneurial skills: dynamic strategies, research, creativity, and an entrepreneurial mindset (e.g., the ability to recognize an entrepreneurial culture and effectively manage a team). The characteristics of LCA have been recognized to go above the definition and conceptual delimitation of standardized testing and rote learning. Using LCA, a balanced approach to teaching and learning the necessary 21st-century entrepreneurial skills and recognizing the responsibility of being the mediator of the LCA approach can be manifested through innovative instructional strategies involving the use of technology. In my study of the role of LCA in the development of undergraduate students’ entrepreneurship through the redesign of learning tasks in a course, the mixed methods research design guided my data collection using pre- and post-LCA questionnaires, one-on-on interviews, and observations. The data enabled me to answer research questions pertaining to undergraduate business students’ perceptions of the value of LCA on developing their entrepreneurial knowledge, skills, and mindset, as well as their learning experiences of LCA in the course and the affordances and challenges of incorporating the use of technology into LCA.
Wave Propagation And Landau-Type Damping In Liquids
Creators: name: Molinari, Vincenzo
name: Mostacci, Domiziano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intermolecular forces are modeled by means of a modified Lennard-Jones potential, introducing a distance of minimum approach, and the effect of intermolecular interactions is accounted for with a self consistent field of the Vlasov type. A Vlasov equation is then written and used to investigate the propagation of perturbations in a liquid. A dispersion relation is obtained and an effect of damping, analogous to what is known in plasmas as "Landau damping", is found to take place.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, SigmaPhi 2011 conference
title: Refugees (Belgium)
title: Refugees (Belgium)
Creators: name: Amara, Michaël
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: o.P. Belgien
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Flüchtling
subject: o.P. World War, 1914-1918--Refugees
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Belgium

description: In Belgium, the outbreak of the First World War and subsequent German invasion caused massive population movements. Hundreds of thousands of Belgian refugees fled the country to seek asylum in the Netherlands, France or Great Britain. The total number of Belgian civilians who settled abroad during the First World War may reasonably be put at around 600,000 or some 8 percent of the Belgian population at that time.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Swiss inward FDI and its policy context
Creators: name: Gugler, Philippe
name: Tinguely, Xavier
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Managerial economics
Finance
Economics

description: Switzerland has constantly sought to build an open economy in which foreign actors have been a crucial element of the economic growth process. The quality of the business environment, the central geographic location in Europe and the stability of the political, legal and social system have traditionally attracted a relatively high-level of inward foreign direct investment (IFDI) to the country. However, this success should not be taken for granted. The current economic crisis and the globalization of the world economy are challenging the attractiveness of Switzerland as a FDI location. In a context of fierce competition among countries to attract FDI, Switzerland has constantly to improve the quality of its business environment in order to remain a competitive location for foreign investors.
New synthetic methods using single-electron processes
Creators: name: Zlotorzynska, Maria
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: This thesis presents investigations of alkoxy and aminyl radical cyclizations onto silyl enol ethers, as well as the development of a new photoinduced electron transfer-promoted redox fragmentation of N-alkoxyphthalimides. We investigated alkoxy radical cyclizations onto silyl enol ethers as a method for the synthesis of alpha-oxygenated oxacycles. Cyclizations to form tetrahydrofurans displayed a high degree of chemoselectivity relative to competing 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer, fragmentation and cyclization pathways. The rate acceleration imparted by the silyl enol ether allowed for a highly chemoselective 6-exo cyclization, a difficult mode of alkoxy radical reactivity to access due to competing 1,5-hydrogen atom transfers. We next examined the applications of silyl enol ether acceptors for aminyl radical cyclizations and the factors that lead to high diastereoselectivity in these cyclizations. This methodology allows for the synthesis of the 2-hydroxymethylpyrrolidine core found in many polyhydroxylated alkaloid natural products. In the course of our synthesis of the alkaloid CYB-3, we found that the cyclization diastereoselectivity was dependent on a complex combination of sterics and olefin geometry. Alkyl- and aryl-substituted substrates cyclized with high selectivity regardless of olefin geometry or substitution pattern. When electronegative substituents were introduced alpha to the silyl enol ether, only Z-silyl enol ethers provided high cyclization diastereoselectivities. Finally, we report a new fragmentation reaction of N-alkoxyphthalimides mediated by visible light and a Ru(bpy)₃²⁺ photocatalyst. Our mechanistic data support a unique concerted intramolecular fragmentation process, initiated by a single electron transfer to the phthalimide from either the metal catalyst or directly from a tertiary amine additive. The redox fragmentation reaction was applied to aryl, allyl and lactol derivatives. We found that the reaction could be carried out under catalyst-free conditions, but the yields of many substrates were improved in the presence of Ru(bpy)₃²⁺. The redox fragmentation of N-alkoxyphthalimides was applied to the mild and selective redox fragmentation of sensitive nitrogen-containing heterocycles.
On Optimality of Myopic Policy for Restless Multi-armed Bandit Problem with Non i.i.d. Arms and Imperfect Detection
Creators: name: Wang, Kehao
name: Chen, Lin
name: Liu, Quan
name: Agha, Khaldoun Al
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.2.1; G.1.6
subject: 94A05

description: We consider the channel access problem in a multi-channel opportunistic communication system with imperfect channel sensing, where the state of each channel evolves as a non independent and identically distributed Markov process. This problem can be cast into a restless multi-armed bandit (RMAB) problem that is intractable for its exponential computation complexity. A natural alternative is to consider the easily implementable myopic policy that maximizes the immediate reward but ignores the impact of the current strategy on the future reward. In particular, we develop three axioms characterizing a family of generic and practically important functions termed as $g$-regular functions which includes a wide spectrum of utility functions in engineering. By pursuing a mathematical analysis based on the axioms, we establish a set of closed-form structural conditions for the optimality of myopic policy.
description: Second version, 16 pages
Outward FDI from Canada and its policy context
Creators: name: Acharya, Ram C.
name: Rao, Someshwar
name: Bhattacharjee, Subrata
name: Wright, Leila
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Managerial economics
Finance
Economics

description: Canada was a major net importer of foreign direct investment (IFDI) prior to 1996. The stimulus for the surge in Canada's outward FDI (OFDI) came from profitable investment opportunities abroad. Canada has diversified significantly its OFDI away from the United States over the past 20 years. The financial crisis significantly affected Canada's FDI outflows, but OFDI seems to have rebounded in the second half of 2009. While Canadian investment has historically gone mainly to developed countries, recent changes in Government policies seem to suggest that Canada is looking to build closer ties with developing countries as well. Canada has a longstanding commitment to multilateral cooperation and actively supports the World Trade Organization (WTO) framework as a way to promote international trade and investment. At the same time, Canada continues actively to negotiate foreign investment promotion and protection agreements (FIPAs).
Outward FDI from Hungary and its policy context
Creators: name: Sass, Magdolna
name: Kalotay, Kalman
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Managerial economics
Finance
Economics

description: Outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) from Hungary has weathered the current crisis relatively well, although its volume is still moderate for a country classified as "high income"—but not necessarily if compared with other new European Union (EU) members. The Hungarian OFDI stock is highly concentrated in five big companies. Government policy has so far focused more on a vigorous promotion of inward FDI than on helping outward investors. However, it sometimes protects strategic Hungarian OFDI firms from hostile takeovers. The main question for the future of Hungarian OFDI is how its sustainability can be assured, especially by way of broadening the company base of capital exporters.
Inward FDI in Poland and its policy context
Creators: name: Zimny, Zbigniew
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Managerial economics
Finance
Economics

description: By 2009, Poland had attracted the highest inward foreign direct investment (IFDI) stock (US$ 182 billion) among the new members of the European Union (EU) from Central and Eastern Europe. Its FDI inflows increased considerably after the country's accession to the EU. They fell during the crisis, but rather modestly, remaining at higher levels than in other countries of the region. The combination of a competitive and constantly improving policy framework for FDI and investment in general, the best GDP growth performance among the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries in 2009 and favorable projections for 2010 and 2011 augurs well for the recovery of IFDI in Poland. In fact, there are signs of strong recovery already in the first quarter of 2010, with FDI inflows over two times higher than during the same period of the previous year.
title: Warfare 1914-1918 (Russian Empire)
title: Warfare 1914-1918 (Russian Empire)
Creators: name: Steinberg, John W.
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: o.P. Russland
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Kriegführung
subject: o.P. World War, 1914-1918--Russia
subject: Warfare

description: In late summer 1914 the Russian, German and Austrian armies engaged in intense battles from East Prussia to Galicia. After a prolonged siege through the winter of 1914-15 at the Austrian fortress of Przemysl, one where the Russians prevailed, the Germans launched the Gorlice-Tarnow offensive at the beginning of May 1915. This operation resulted in the Great Retreat that shook the foundation of the Tsarist regime, but Russia’s vastness prevented the Germans from achieving victory. The June 1916 Brusilov Offensive all but ended the fighting effectiveness of the Austro-Hungarian army. The 1917 Russian Revolution ultimately brought an end to the Imperial Army and resulted in Russia’s exit from World War I.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Cis-regulatory control of the human short stature homeobox gene in the developing limb
Creators: name: Skuplik, Isabella
Publisher: name: Science
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: short stature homeobox
subject: mouse model
subject: limb development
subject: 4C-Seq
subject: SHOX genes
subject: enhancers
subject: gene regulation
subject: cat model
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biology--Molecular
subject: Human Development

description: Disruption of the human short stature homeobox (SHOX) gene causes shortening of the middle limb segment (zeugopod), affecting up to 1:1000 individuals. SHOX deficiencies are caused by coding lesions, or by the deletion of non-coding sequences surrounding the gene. Several deletion intervals downstream of SHOX are predicted to disrupt enhancers that activate transcription during limb development. However, the precise locations and activities of these enhancers remain to be identified. In this work, we investigated the cis-regulatory landscape of the human SHOX gene. We systematically screened a recurrent 47.5 kb short-stature deletion interval downstream of SHOX for the presence of limb enhancers. Human genomic sequences were placed upstream of a lacZ reporter gene and tested for their ability to activate expression in transgenic mice. This revealed the presence of a zeugopodal enhancer downstream of SHOX (the ZED). Using primary cell luciferase assays, we further delineated the minimal active sequence and identified putative HOX9/11 binding sites required for its activity. Next, we developed the domestic cat as an emerging model to characterize enhancer and gene interactions at the endogenous locus. Rodent genomes lack the SHOX gene, while other commonly used laboratory models lack conservation of the ZED and other non-coding sequences at the SHOX locus. We demonstrated that cats are an effective model to identify enhancers. Cat genomes display a synteny of genes and conserved non-coding elements in the pseudoautosomal region 1 where SHOX is located. Using whole-mount in situ hybridization, we validated the expression of SHOX in the zeugopod of cat embryos. Next, we employed the circular chromosome conformation capture (4C) technique to identify SHOX cis-interacting sequences in embryonic limb tissue. Human orthologous sequences were identified through sequence conservation; and human short-stature deletions and enhancer chromatin signatures were used to delineate enhancer candidates. Finally, we confirmed the limb enhancer activity of three human and cat sequences in transgenic mice. Our findings provide a potential explanation for the pathogenicity of certain non-coding deletions downstream of SHOX. This work also uncovers similarities in the regulation of Shox genes (Shox and Shox2) and the development of limbs in cats, humans, and mice.
title: Ghadar Conspiracy
title: Ghadar Conspiracy
Creators: name: Singh, Sunit
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: o.P. Ghadar-Bewegung
subject: o.P. Hindustan Gadar Party

description: Although sometimes characterized as a quixotically hatched scheme to overthrow British rule in India, the Ghadar “conspiracy” is best understood as a failed bid to foment a democratic revolution in India in the midst of the First World War. The “conspiracy” was intended to spur the dissolution of the British Empire, and to establish a republic - the United States of India.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Neutrino signals from electroweak bremsstrahlung in solar WIMP annihilation
Creators: name: Bell, Nicole F.
name: Brennan, Amelia J.
name: Jacques, Thomas D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bremsstrahlung of $W$ and $Z$ gauge bosons, or photons, can be an important dark matter annihilation channel. In many popular models in which the annihilation to a pair of light fermions is helicity suppressed, these bremsstrahlung processes can lift the suppression and thus become the dominant annihilation channels. The resulting dark matter annihilation products contain a large, energetic, neutrino component. We consider solar WIMP annihilation in the case where electroweak bremsstrahlung dominates, and calculate the resulting neutrino spectra. The flux consists of primary neutrinos produced in processes such as $χχ\rightarrow \barννZ$ and $χχ\rightarrow \barν\ell W$, and secondary neutrinos produced via the decays of gauge bosons and charged leptons. After dealing with the neutrino propagation and flavour evolution in the Sun, we consider the prospects for detection in neutrino experiments on Earth. By comparing our signal with that for annihilation to $W^+W^-$, we show that the detection prospects for the bremsstrahlung annihilation channel are favourable.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures. Discussion expanded; matches published version
İNSANLIĞI TEHDİT EDEN TEKNOLOJİK RİSKLER
Creators: name: Prof. Dr. Erdal Fırat
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: İnsanlığı tehdit eden teknolojik riskler, insanların hayatını, sağlığını, güvenliğini veya refahını olumsuz etkileyebilecek veya yok edebilecek herhangi bir teknolojik gelişme veya uygulamadır. Bu tehlikeler, bilerek veya bilmeyerek, insanlar tarafından yaratılmış veya kullanılmış olabilir.
Inward FDI in Germany and its policy context
Creators: name: Jost, Thomas
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Managerial economics
Finance
Economics

description: With a stable economic and political system, open capital markets, the largest domestic market in Europe, and European Union (EU) membership, Germany has attracted competitive and export-oriented multinational enterprises (MNEs) since the 1960s. In the 1990s—after German unification and the opening up of Eastern Europe—inward foreign direct investment (IFDI) grew more slowly than expected despite the increased market potential. In recent years, the German economy strengthened and the wage and cost gaps against its main competitors narrowed, contributing to higher IFDI. With the financial and economic crises, German IFDI declined considerably in 2008 but started to rise again in 2009. At the end of 2008, Germany ranked among the top four developed countries as host for IFDI. Germany's open investment regime was tightened in 2009, in reaction to the emergence of sovereign wealth funds (SWFs).
title: Labour, Labour Movements, Trade Unions and Strikes (Switzerland)
title: Labour, Labour Movements, Trade Unions and Strikes (Switzerland)
Creators: name: Koller, Christian
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: o.P. Schweiz
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Arbeiterbewegung
subject: o.P. Switzerland
subject: World War, 1914-1918
subject: Labor movement

description: This article analyses the development of the Swiss labour movement and working-class protest climaxing in the National General Strike in November 1918. Subsequent sections discuss the war’s social impact; the structure and development of the Swiss labour movement; pre-war strike activities and strike discourses; various forms of labour protest on the road to the general strike; and eventually the latter’s outcome and aftermath. It is argued that the most serious crisis of the modern Swiss Confederation allows for no simplistic explanation, but resulted from a complex combination of local, national and transnational factors, some of which are still under-researched.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
title: Apollinaire, Guillaume
title: Apollinaire, Guillaume
Creators: name: Becker, Annette
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: o.P. Apollinaire, Guillaume
subject: Apollinaire, Guillaume, 1880-1918

description: Although he actually died of Spanish influenza, the trepanned avant-garde poet was the embodiment of France’s “head wound”. Apollinaire’s letters to the woman he loved during the war, Lou, have become a prime example of war literature.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Ukraine's inward FDI and its policy context
Creators: name: Kononov, Oleksiy
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Managerial economics
Finance
Economics

description: With a population of more than 46 million people, Ukraine is a sizeable potential market for foreign direct investment (FDI). Domestic firms are not very competitive. Together with a favorable geographic location and low costs of labor and other inputs, Ukraine offers attractive opportunities for foreign investors. This potential, however, is not yet exploited, as indicated by relatively low cumulative inflows of FDI, due to the slow progress of transition toward a market economy, a high level of corruption, absence of effective guarantees protecting foreign investors, and political instability. In the wake of the global financial crisis and recession, the Ukrainian Government introduced policy measures that can potentially make inward foreign direct investment (IFDI) to Ukraine more complicated. Overcoming the crisis, improving the investment framework, accelerating economic reforms (including transparent privatizations) and association with the European Union (EU) would all be key factors permitting Ukraine to exploit its considerable FDI potential.
X-ray emission from the Wolf-Rayet bubble S308
Creators: name: Toalá, J. A.
name: Guerrero, M. A.
name: Chu, Y. -H.
name: Gruendl, R. A.
name: Arthur, S. J.
name: Smith, R. C.
name: Snowden, S. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Wolf-Rayet (WR) bubble S 308 around the WR star HD 50896 is one of the only two WR bubbles known to possess X-ray emission. We present XMM-Newton observations of three fields of this WR bubble that, in conjunction with an existing observation of its Northwest quadrant, map most of the nebula. The X-ray emission from S 308 displays a limb-brightened morphology, with a central cavity ~22 arcmin in size and a shell thickness of ~8 arcmin. This X-ray shell is confined by the optical shell of ionized material. The spectrum is dominated by the He-like triplets of NIV at 0.43 keV and OVII at 0.57 keV, and declines towards high energies, with a faint tail up to 1 keV. This spectrum can be described by a two-temperature optically thin plasma emission model (T1 ~ 1.1x10^6 K, T2 ~ 13x10^6 K), with a total X-ray luminosity ~2x10^33 erg/s at the assumed distance of 1.5 kpc.
description: To appear in the Astrophysical Journal
Russian outward FDI and its policy context
Creators: name: Panibratov, Andrei
name: Kalotay, Kalman
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Managerial economics
Finance
Economics

description: Outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) from Russia often surprises outside observers by its landmark deals. One of them was the purchase in September 2009 of a 55% stake in General Motors' German affiliate Opel by a consortium of the Canadian car maker Magna and the Russian state-owned bank Sberbank. The latter is the largest creditor of the Russian car maker GAZ, and may represent its commercial interests in the contract. With this deal, Russia has bought into the industrial heartland of the world economy and could potentially access more advanced technology. This acquisition hints at the growth of Russian OFDI in general, which has prospered despite fears in many host countries that the investors are subject to Russian political interference, a fear that recently announced Russian policy intentions may allay.
title: Expressionism
title: Expressionism
Creators: name: Mallen, Enrique
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: o.P. Expressionismus
subject: o.P. Expressionism (Art)

description: Expressionism is a movement that originated in Germany before World War I and extended to the period between the two major European wars. It promoted subjective representation and “expressive” distortions in art.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Algorithmic Quantum-State Generation for Simulating Quantum Field Theories on a Quantum Computer
Creators: name: Bagherimehrab, Mohsen
Publisher: name: Science
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum computing
subject: Quantum algorithms
subject: Quantum entanglement
subject: Quantum field theory
subject: Quantum complexity
subject: Quantum simulation
subject: Quantum measurement
subject: Wavelet representations
subject: Physics
subject: Physics--Theory
subject: Computer Science

description: Simulating a quantum field theory (QFT) on a quantum computer comprises three steps: generating an initial state, simulating time evolution and measuring observables, with the initial-state generation being the most expensive step for the entire simulation. In this thesis, we introduce a general framework for simulating a QFT on a quantum computer, build a foundation for developing high-level quantum algorithms, and employ wavelet representations as a tool for constructing the first two quantum algorithms for initial-state generation in simulating a QFT. We show that our two quantum algorithms are nearly optimal and compare them for two cases: simulating theories with a broken translational invariance and preparing particle states above the ground state at variable length scales. Moreover, we construct two quantum algorithms for preparing one-dimensional Gaussian states, which have applications beyond QFT simulation. Our first algorithm uses a standard state-preparation method, which requires costly arithmetic. We employ novel techniques in our second algorithm to significantly reduce arithmetic operations. In addition to employing wavelets for state generation, we formulate subsystem entanglement entropy for free bosonic and fermionic QFTs in a wavelet basis. We verify the consistency of the wavelet-based formulation for analyzing ground state entanglement in these theories with the conventional lattice-based formulation developed by Calabrese and Cardy. By showing that lattice-based results can hold true in wavelet-based representations of QFTs, we bolster the case for wavelet-based representations as a key tool for analyzing the physics of quantum fields. The last step of a full quantum simulation is to extract simulation outputs by measuring observables on a quantum computer. We build on a reformulation of the standard amplitude estimation and quantum walks for unitary implementation of observables to develop a new approach for estimating expectation values of an observable. Furthermore, we establish a tight lower bound, with respect to a given accuracy, on the query complexity for computing expectation values. Our approach for expectation-value estimation results in an optimal quantum algorithm for measuring observables and is applicable to the last part of a full QFT simulation.
Upper bounds for centerlines
Creators: name: Bukh, Boris
name: Nivasch, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52C35, 52A30, 68U05

description: In 2008, Bukh, Matousek, and Nivasch conjectured that for every n-point set S in R^d and every k, 0 <= k <= d-1, there exists a k-flat f in R^d (a "centerflat") that lies at "depth" (k+1) n / (k+d+1) - O(1) in S, in the sense that every halfspace that contains f contains at least that many points of S. This claim is true and tight for k=0 (this is Rado's centerpoint theorem), as well as for k = d-1 (trivial). Bukh et al. showed the existence of a (d-2)-flat at depth (d-1) n / (2d-1) - O(1) (the case k = d-2). In this paper we concentrate on the case k=1 (the case of "centerlines"), in which the conjectured value for the leading constant is 2/(d+2). We prove that 2/(d+2) is an *upper bound* for the leading constant. Specifically, we show that for every fixed d and every n there exists an n-point set in R^d for which no line in R^d lies at depth larger than 2n/(d+2) + o(n). This point set is the "stretched grid"---a set which has been previously used by Bukh et al. for other related purposes. Hence, in particular, the conjecture is now settled for R^3.
description: This paper (without the appendix) has been published in Journal of Computational Geometry 3:20--30, 2012. 17 pages; 10 figures
Doctoral thesis recital (viola)
Creators: name: Song, Jingyi
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2023
Subjects: Viola and piano music
Sonatas (Viola and piano)

description: Piece en forme de habañera / Maurice Ravel -- Fisherman's harvest song / Zili -- Pensiero / Frank Bridge -- Morpheus / Rebecca Clarke -- Sonata for viola and piano / Felix Mendelssohn.