cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Exotic disordered phases in the quantum $J_1-J_2$ model on the honeycomb lattice
Creators: name: Zhang, Hao
name: Lamas, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the ground-state phase diagram of the frustrated quantum $J_1-J_2$ Heisenberg antiferromagnet on the honeycomb lattice using a mean field approach in terms of the Schwinger boson representation of the spin operators. We present results for the ground-state energy, local magnetization, energy gap and spin-spin correlations. The system shows magnetic long range order for $0\leq J_{2}/J_{1}\lesssim 0.2075$ (Néel) and $0.398\lesssim J_{2}/J_{1}\leq 0.5$ (spiral). In the intermediate region, we find two magnetically disordered phases: a gapped spin liquid phase which shows short-range Néel correlations $(0.2075 \lesssim J_{2}/J_{1} \lesssim 0.3732)$, and a lattice nematic phase $(0.3732 \lesssim J_{2}/J_{1}\lesssim 0.398)$, which is magnetically disordered but breaks lattice rotational symmetry. The errors in the values of the phase boundaries which are implicit in the number of significant figures quoted, correspond purely to the error in the extrapolation of our finite-size results to the thermodynamic limit.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. B
Instantons and Killing spinors
Creators: name: Harland, Derek
name: Nölle, Christoph
Publisher: name: Heidelberg : Springer Verlag
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Differential and Algebraic Geometry
subject: Solitons Monopoles and Instantons
subject: Supergravity Models
subject: Supersymmetric gauge theory
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: We investigate instantons on manifolds with Killing spinors and their cones. Examples of manifolds with Killing spinors include nearly Kähler 6-manifolds, nearly parallel G2-manifolds in dimension 7, Sasaki-Einstein manifolds, and 3-Sasakian manifolds. We construct a connection on the tangent bundle over these manifolds which solves the instanton equation, and also show that the instanton equation implies the Yang-Mills equation, despite the presence of torsion. We then construct instantons on the cones over these manifolds, and lift them to solutions of heterotic supergravity. Amongst our solutions are new instantons on even-dimensional Euclidean spaces, as well as the well-known BPST, quaternionic and octonionic instantons.
High-energy, shock-front assisted resonant radiation in the normal dispersion regime
Creators: name: Roger, Thomas
name: Saleh, Mohammed F.
name: Roy, Samudra
name: Biancalana, Fabio
name: Li, Chunyong
name: Faccio, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple yet effective theory that predicts the existence of resonant radiation bands in the deep normal group velocity dispersion region of a medium, even in absence of a zero-group velocity dispersion point. This radiation is evident when the medium is pumped with high-energy ultrashort pulses, and it is driven by the interplay between the Kerr and the shock terms in the NLSE. Accurate experiments performed in bulk silica fully support the theoretical phase-matching condition found by our theory.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Quality of Water from Rift Valley Lakes of Ethiopia for Livestock Drinking
Creators: name: Yirga, Hirut
name: Urge, Mengistu
name: A.L., Goetsch
name: Tolera, Adugna
Publisher: name: East African Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
Year: 2019

description: Water from five rift valley lakes (Awassa, Beseka, Chamo, Langano and Shala) of Ethiopia was sampled at the inlets, sites influenced by human activity and livestock drinking sites. Quality of water was evaluated based on physicochemical and microbiological properties, while suitability of the water for livestock drinking was evaluated by comparing the results with maximum levels which are safe if present in livestock drinking water. There was no difference in water quality parameters (P>0.05) among sampling sites but it varied among the lakes (P<0.01). Comparison of the measured parameters with guidelines shows that levels of magnesium, calcium, nitrate, nitrite and zinc in water of all lakes, temperature, alkalinity, salinity, potassium, chloride and bicarbonate in more than 80% of the samples (except Lake Shala) and pH and sodium in 60% of the samples were below the maximum permissible levels in livestock drinking water. Nevertheless, levels of iron, cadmium and total coliform count in all the samples, and chromium, copper and manganese in 93% of the samples were beyond the safe limits. Although consumption of water with relatively high concentrations of chemicals for short term may not affect animal performance, the high concentrations of toxic elements need due attention, since human health could be affected through residues in animal products. Based on this result, the lakes except Shala, can be considered safe drinking water sources for livestock. However, to make a concrete conclusion, it is necessary to undertake detail analysis of the lake water at different seasons including other quality parameters that are not included in the present study and to evaluate long term effects of drinking the water on different species, breeds and classes of livestock.
description: East African Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Vol. 3 No. 1 (2019): East African Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
A class of optimal positive maps in $M_n$
Creators: name: Bera, Anindita
name: Sarbicki, Gniewomir
name: Chruściński, Dariusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is proven that a certain class of positive maps in the matrix algebra $M_n$ consists of optimal maps, i.e. maps from which one cannot subtract any completely positive map without loosing positivity. This class provides a generalization of a seminal Choi positive map in $M_3$.
description: 13 pages, comments are welcome
Quantum Junction Plasmons in Graphene Dimers
Creators: name: Thongrattanasiri, Sukosin
name: Manjavacas, Alejandro
name: Nordlander, Peter
name: de Abajo, F. Javier Garcia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interaction between doped graphene nanoislands connected by narrow junctions constitutes an ideal testbed to probe quantum effects in plasmonic systems. Here, the interaction between graphene plasmons in neighboring nanoislands is predicted to be extremely sensitive to the size and shape of the junctions. The reported {\it ab initio} calculations reveal three different regimes of interaction: (1) for narrow bridges ($<4$ carbon-atom rows), the conductance of the junction is too low to allow electron transport and the optical response is dominated by a characteristic bonding dipolar dimer mode that also appears in a classical description; (2) for wider junctions (4-8 carbon rows), a strong charge polarization is induced across the junction, which gives rise to a novel {\it junction plasmon} that has no counterpart in a classical description; (3) for even wider junctions ($\ge8$ rows), their conductance is sufficiently large to allow charge transport between the two graphene islands, resulting in a pronounced charge-transfer plasmon, which can also be described classically. This work opens a new path for the investigation of intrinsic plasmon quantum effects.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
Optimal control of wind farms for coordinated TSO-DSO reactive power management
Creators: name: Stock, David Sebastian
name: Sala, Francesco
name: Berizzi, Alberto
name: Hofmann, Lutz
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI AG
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Active distribution system
subject: Distributed generation
subject: Grid ancillary services
subject: Optimal power flow
subject: Reactive power control
subject: Smart grids
subject: Transmission system
subject: Voltage control
subject: Wind power grid integration
subject: Acoustic generators
subject: Distributed power generation
subject: Electric load flow
subject: Electric power system interconnection
subject: Electric power transmission
subject: Electric power transmission networks
subject: Electric utilities
subject: Multiobjective optimization
subject: Power control
subject: Power management
subject: Reactive power
subject: Smart power grids
subject: Transmissions
subject: Wind power
subject: Active distribution systems
subject: Ancillary service
subject: Optimal power flows
subject: Smart grid
subject: Transmission systems
subject: Wind power grid integrations
subject: Electric power system control
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: The growing importance of renewable generation connected to distribution grids requires an increased coordination between transmission system operators (TSOs) and distribution system operators (DSOs) for reactive power management. This work proposes a practical and effective interaction method based on sequential optimizations to evaluate the reactive flexibility potential of distribution networks and to dispatch them along with traditional synchronous generators, keeping to a minimum the information exchange. A modular optimal power flow (OPF) tool featuring multi-objective optimization is developed for this purpose. The proposed method is evaluated for a model of a real German 110 kV grid with 1.6 GW of installed wind power capacity and a reduced order model of the surrounding transmission system. Simulations show the benefit of involving wind farms in reactive power support reducing losses both at distribution and transmission level. Different types of setpoints are investigated, showing the feasibility for the DSO to fulfill also individual voltage and reactive power targets over multiple connection points. Finally, some suggestions are presented to achieve a fair coordination, combining both TSO and DSO requirements. © 2017 by the authors.
Simultaneously sorting overlapping quantum states of light
Creators: name: Goel, Suraj
name: Tyler, Max
name: Zhu, Feng
name: Leedumrongwatthanakun, Saroch
name: Malik, Mehul
name: Leach, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The efficient manipulation, sorting, and measurement of optical modes and single-photon states is fundamental to classical and quantum science. Here, we realise simultaneous and efficient sorting of non-orthogonal, overlapping states of light, encoded in the transverse spatial degree of freedom. We use a specifically designed multi-plane light converter (MPLC) to sort states encoded in dimensions ranging from $d = 3$ to $d = 7$. Through the use of an auxiliary output mode, the MPLC simultaneously performs the unitary operation required for unambiguous discrimination and the basis change for the outcomes to be spatially separated. Our results lay the groundwork for optimal image identification and classification via optical networks, with potential applications ranging from self-driving cars to quantum communication systems.
title: Im nächsten Leben wird alles anders. Erlösung aus Tod und Wiedergeburt
Creators: name: Michaels, Axel
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2013

description: Wie wäre es, wenn man immer wieder auf die Welt käme? Oder wenn sich die Form der Wiedergeburt beeinflussen ließe, wenn man also ausrechnen könnte, ob man in den Himmel oder in die Hölle kommt? Im nächsten Leben werde ich als Claudia Schiffer oder Richard Gere wiedergeboren – ist das denkbar? Im Christentum nicht, indische Religionen dagegen haben solche Gedanken durchaus entwickelt. Sie haben Kataloge der Wiedergeburten zusammengestellt, die nicht nur aufzeigen, welche Daseinsformen das nächste Leben bereithält, sondern auch, welche Übeltaten im vorherigen Leben für Leiden im jetzigen Leben verantwortlich sind. Derlei Ideen zeigen ein für die Religionen einzigartig konsequentes System der Vergeltungskausalität von Taten.
description: Ruperto Carola, Nr. 2 (2013): Himmel & Hölle, Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Nummer: 1, Jahr: 2012, Ausgaben pro Band: 2
Benefits, Motivations, and Challenges of International Collaborative Research: A Sociology of Science Case Study
Creators: name: Dusdal, Jennifer
name: Powell, Justin J.W.
Publisher: name: Oxford : Oxford University Press
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: autoethnography
subject: global
subject: international research collaboration
subject: research project
subject: sociology of science
subject: teamwork
subject: cultural relations
subject: ethnography
subject: language
subject: perception
subject: research work
subject: science and technology
subject: Europe
subject: Far East
subject: Middle East
subject: North America
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::370 | Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen

description: Contemporary science is marked by expanding and diverse forms of teamwork. Collaboration across organizational and cultural boundaries extends the possibilities of discovery. International collaborative research projects often provide findings beyond what one team could achieve alone. Motivated to maintain existing relationships and grow their scientific network, researchers increasingly collaborate, despite often unrecognized or underappreciated costs, since such projects are challenging to manage and carry out. Rarely studied in-depth and longitudinally, the perspectives of scientific team members are crucial to better understand the dynamics of durable collaboration networks. Thus, this retrospective case study of a sociology of science project applies the novel method of autoethnography to examine teamwork benefits, motivations, and challenges. Key challenges found include spatial distance and differences of culture, language, and career stage. This study, spanning North America, Europe, the Middle East, and East Asia, focused on collaborators' characteristics and evolving perceptions of team dynamics over a decade. © The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press.
Uncertainty-Aware Mixed-Variable Machine Learning for Materials Design
Creators: name: Zhang, Hengrui
name: Chen, Wei Wayne
name: Iyer, Akshay
name: Apley, Daniel W.
name: Chen, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Data-driven design shows the promise of accelerating materials discovery but is challenging due to the prohibitive cost of searching the vast design space of chemistry, structure, and synthesis methods. Bayesian Optimization (BO) employs uncertainty-aware machine learning models to select promising designs to evaluate, hence reducing the cost. However, BO with mixed numerical and categorical variables, which is of particular interest in materials design, has not been well studied. In this work, we survey frequentist and Bayesian approaches to uncertainty quantification of machine learning with mixed variables. We then conduct a systematic comparative study of their performances in BO using a popular representative model from each group, the random forest-based Lolo model (frequentist) and the latent variable Gaussian process model (Bayesian). We examine the efficacy of the two models in the optimization of mathematical functions, as well as properties of structural and functional materials, where we observe performance differences as related to problem dimensionality and complexity. By investigating the machine learning models' predictive and uncertainty estimation capabilities, we provide interpretations of the observed performance differences. Our results provide practical guidance on choosing between frequentist and Bayesian uncertainty-aware machine learning models for mixed-variable BO in materials design.
Truth and memory: Linking instantaneous and retrospective self-reported cigarette consumption
Creators: name: Wang, Hao
name: Shiffman, Saul
name: Griffith, Sandra D.
name: Heitjan, Daniel F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Studies of smoking behavior commonly use the time-line follow-back (TLFB) method, or periodic retrospective recall, to gather data on daily cigarette consumption. TLFB is considered adequate for identifying periods of abstinence and lapse but not for measurement of daily cigarette consumption, thanks to substantial recall and digit preference biases. With the development of the hand-held electronic diary (ED), it has become possible to collect cigarette consumption data using ecological momentary assessment (EMA), or the instantaneous recording of each cigarette as it is smoked. EMA data, because they do not rely on retrospective recall, are thought to more accurately measure cigarette consumption. In this article we present an analysis of consumption data collected simultaneously by both methods from 236 active smokers in the pre-quit phase of a smoking cessation study. We define a statistical model that describes the genesis of the TLFB records as a two-stage process of mis-remembering and rounding, including fixed and random effects at each stage. We use Bayesian methods to estimate the model, and we evaluate its adequacy by studying histograms of imputed values of the latent remembered cigarette count. Our analysis suggests that both mis-remembering and heaping contribute substantially to the distortion of self-reported cigarette counts. Higher nicotine dependence, white ethnicity and male sex are associated with greater remembered smoking given the EMA count. The model is potentially useful in other applications where it is desirable to understand the process by which subjects remember and report true observations.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/12-AOAS557 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Supplementary Value of Camel’s Foot Tree (Piliostigma thonningii) Leaf Meal as a Replacement for Concentrate Mixture on the Performance of Gumuz Sheep Fed Finger Millet Straw Based Diet
Creators: name: Ayenew, Almaz
name: Tolera, Adugna
name: Nurfeta, Ajebu
name: Assefa, Getnet
Publisher: name: East African Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
Year: 2019

description: The objective of the experiment was to evaluate the effects of substitution of Camel’s foot tree (Piliostigma thonningii (PT)) leaf meal for concentrate mix (CM) on the performances of Gumuz sheep. During the 90 days feeding trial, thirty five yearling male Gumuz sheep with an average initial body weight of 20.21 ± 2.82 kg (mean ± SD) were grouped into seven blocks of five animals, and each animal was randomly assigned to one of the five dietary treatment feeds within a block. The dietary treatments included feeding of ad libitum finger millet straw supplemented with 100% CM (T1); 75% CM + 25% PT (T2); 50% CM + 50% PT (T3), 25% CM + 75% PT (T4) and 100% PT (T5) on dry matter (DM) basis. The supplements were offered at the rate of 300 g DM/day. The total DM and organic matter intakes for T1 were greater (P<0.05) than those sheep fed T4 and T5 diets while T2 and T3 had an intermediate value. The lowest (P<0.05) supplement and CP intakes were recorded for T5. The digestibility of DM, organic matter, crud protein, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber was similar (P>0.05) up to 50% PT leaf meal substitution level. Sheep fed T5 diet had the lowest (P<0.05) DM and nutrient digestibility. The average daily gain for T1, T2, T3 and T4 was higher (P<0.05) than those consuming T5 diets. The slaughter weight for T1 was higher (P<0.05) than T5 while T2, T3 and T4 had an intermediate values. The hot carcass weight and empty body weight were similar (P > 0.05) among treatments. An increase in proportion of PT leaf meal beyond 75% resulted in BW loss of 19.2 g/d. It was concluded that PT leaves could serve as alternative CP supplement in crop residue based feeding and substitution of concentrate with PT leaf meal beyond 50% had no beneficial role in sheep feeding.
description: East African Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Vol. 3 No. 1 (2019): East African Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
For Solving Linear Equations Recombination is a Needless Operation in Time-Variant Adaptive Hybrid Algorithms
Creators: name: Jamali, A. R. M. Jalal Uddin
name: Hossain, Mohammad Arif
name: Moniruzzaman, G. M.
name: Hashem, M. M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Recently hybrid evolutionary computation (EC) techniques are successfully implemented for solving large sets of linear equations. All the recently developed hybrid evolutionary algorithms, for solving linear equations, contain both the recombination and the mutation operations. In this paper, two modified hybrid evolutionary algorithms contained time-variant adaptive evolutionary technique are proposed for solving linear equations in which recombination operation is absent. The effectiveness of the recombination operator has been studied for the time-variant adaptive hybrid algorithms for solving large set of linear equations. Several experiments have been carried out using both the proposed modified hybrid evolutionary algorithms (in which the recombination operation is absent) and corresponding existing hybrid algorithms (in which the recombination operation is present) to solve large set of linear equations. It is found that the number of generations required by the existing hybrid algorithms (i.e. the Gauss-Seidel-SR based time variant adaptive (GSBTVA) hybrid algorithm and the Jacobi-SR based time variant adaptive (JBTVA) hybrid algorithm) and modified hybrid algorithms (i.e. the modified Gauss-Seidel-SR based time variant adaptive (MGSBTVA) hybrid algorithm and the modified Jacobi-SR based time variant adaptive (MJBTVA) hybrid algorithm) are comparable. Also the proposed modified algorithms require less amount of computational time in comparison to the corresponding existing hybrid algorithms. As the proposed modified hybrid algorithms do not contain recombination operation, so they require less computational effort, and also they are more efficient, effective and easy to implement.
Nanosecond machine learning regression with deep boosted decision trees in FPGA for high energy physics
Creators: name: Carlson, Benjamin
name: Bayer, Quincy
name: Hong, Tae Min
name: Roche, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel application of the machine learning / artificial intelligence method called boosted decision trees to estimate physical quantities on field programmable gate arrays (FPGA). The software package fwXmachina features a new architecture called parallel decision paths that allows for deep decision trees with arbitrary number of input variables. It also features a new optimization scheme to use different numbers of bits for each input variable, which produces optimal physics results and ultraefficient FPGA resource utilization. Problems in high energy physics of proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are considered. Estimation of missing transverse momentum (ETmiss) at the first level trigger system at the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) experiments, with a simplified detector modeled by Delphes, is used to benchmark and characterize the firmware performance. The firmware implementation with a maximum depth of up to 10 using eight input variables of 16-bit precision gives a latency value of O(10) ns, independent of the clock speed, and O(0.1)% of the available FPGA resources without using digital signal processors.
description: 27 pages, 14 figures, 5 tables
A versatile ceramic capillary membrane reactor system for continuous enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis
Creators: name: Messner, Lorn
name: Antink, Marieke H.
name: Guo, Tongwei
name: Maas, Michael
name: Beutel, Sascha
Publisher: name: Weinheim : Wiley-VCH
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: continuous ceramic capillary membrane reactor system (CCCMRS)
subject: peptides
subject: antibody cleavage products
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::660 | Technische Chemie

description: As an alternative to classical batch processes, enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis can also be carried out continuously. To facilitate this, a continuous ceramic capillary membrane reactor system (CCCMRS) was developed which can be operated with various proteolytic enzymes immobilized on the porous ceramic capillary membranes. This system has several advantages over common batch processes regarding stability, reproducibility and controllability and can easily be adapted to optimal reaction conditions and individual preferences. Two exemplary applications utilizing the CCCMRS were carried out and investigated in long-term stability studies. In the first application the continuous enzymatic cleavage of human IgG into the antibody fragments Fab and Fc by immobilized papain was performed. A total volume of 22 mL of 1 mg mL-1 IgG-solution was enzymatically cleaved over a period of 33.3 h. The antibody cleavage products could be detected in an SEC-HPLC over the whole process time thus indicating long-term stability of the continuous hydrolysis process. The second application investigated the continuous digestion of pea and almond protein isolates by immobilized Alcalase resulting in the generation of a large variety of different peptides. This peptide fingerprint remains constant over a long period of time enabling fractionation and thus making the peptides accessible for further bioactivity studies in sufficient quantities. The constant peptide fingerprint could be shown in the RP-HPLC analysis for all 30 samples with a total volume of 29.7 mL collected over a period of 45 h.
Neue Synthesewege für Kationenaustauscher zur simultanen Analyse mono- und divalenter Kationen mit der Ionenchromatographie
Creators: name: Ohlhof, Ralf
Publisher: name: Hannover : Universität
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Cation chromatography
subject: stationary phases
subject: graft copolymerization
subject: carbon acid exchangers
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: [no abstract]
Nearly Kähler heterotic compactifications with fermion condensates
Creators: name: Chatzistavrakidis, Athanasios
name: Lechtenfeld, Olaf
name: Popov, Alexander D.
Publisher: name: Heidelberg : Springer Verlag
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Flux compactifications
subject: Superstring vacua
subject: Superstrings and heterotic strings
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: We revisit AdS 4 heterotic compactifications on nearly Kähler manifolds in the presence of H-flux and certain fermion condensates. Unlike previous studies, we do not assume the vanishing of the supersymmetry variations. Instead we determine the full equations of motion originating from the ten-dimensional action, and subsequently we provide explicit solutions to them on nearly Kähler manifolds at first order in α'. The Bianchi identity is also taken into account in order to guarantee the absence of all anomalies. In the presence of H-flux, which is identified with the torsion of the internal space, as well as of fermion condensates in the gaugino and dilatino sectors, new solutions are determined. These solutions provide a full classification of consistent backgrounds of heterotic supergravity under our assumptions. All the new solutions are non-supersymmetric, while previously known supersymmetric ones are recovered too. Our results indicate that fully consistent (supersymmetric or not) heterotic vacua on nearly Kähler manifolds are scarce, even on AdS 4, and they can be completely classified.
Baricitinib: A Review in Severe Alopecia Areata
Creators: name: Fung, Simon
name: Shirley, Matt
Publisher: name: Adis Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 110304 Dermatology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Declarations Funding The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding. Authorship and Conflict of interest S. Fung and M. Shirley are salaried employees of Adis International Ltd/Springer Nature, and declare no relevant conflicts of interest. All authors contributed to the review and are responsible for the article content. Additional information about this Adis Drug Review can be found here. Abstract Baricitinib (Olumiant®), a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor, is the first drug approved for the treatment of severe alopecia areata in the USA and the EU. Severe alopecia areata is usually difficult to treat and relapse is common. Patients with this disorder are more likely to suffer from anxiety and depression. In two pivotal placebo-controlled phase 3 clinical trials in adults with severe alopecia areata, oral baricitinib once daily was associated with clinically meaningful scalp, eyebrow, and eyelash hair regrowth over 36 weeks. Baricitinib was generally well tolerated with the most common adverse events being infections, headaches, acne, and elevated levels of creatine phosphokinase. While longer-term data will be necessary to more fully understand the benefits and risks of the drug, currently available data suggest that baricitinib is a useful treatment for patients with severe alopecia areata. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023
Modelling and designing cryogenic hydrogen tanks for future aircraft applications
Creators: name: Winnefeld, Christopher
name: Kadyk, Thomas
name: Bensmann, Boris
name: Krewer, Ulrike
name: Hanke-Rauschenbach, Richard
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI AG
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Aviation
subject: Energy storage
subject: Fuel tanks
subject: Hydrogen storage
subject: Proton-exchange membrane fuel cell
subject: Aircraft manufacture
subject: Airframes
subject: Combustion
subject: Cryogenics
subject: Fighter aircraft
subject: Flexible wings
subject: Fossil fuels
subject: Fuel cells
subject: Fuel storage
subject: Gas turbines
subject: Hydrogen
subject: Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC)
subject: Tanks (containers)
subject: Aircraft applications
subject: Aircraft structure
subject: Flexible integration
subject: Gravimetric energy densities
subject: Large-scale applications
subject: Renewable energies
subject: Storage densities
subject: Storage technology
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: In the near future, the challenges to reduce the economic and social dependency on fossil fuels must be faced increasingly. A sustainable and efficient energy supply based on renewable energies enables large-scale applications of electro-fuels for, e.g., the transport sector. The high gravimetric energy density makes liquefied hydrogen a reasonable candidate for energy storage in a light-weight application, such as aviation. Current aircraft structures are designed to accommodate jet fuel and gas turbines allowing a limited retrofitting only. New designs, such as the blended-wing-body, enable a more flexible integration of new storage technologies and energy converters, e.g., cryogenic hydrogen tanks and fuel cells. Against this background, a tank-design model is formulated, which considers geometrical, mechanical and thermal aspects, as well as specific mission profiles while considering a power supply by a fuel cell. This design approach enables the determination of required tank mass and storage density, respectively. A new evaluation value is defined including the vented hydrogen mass throughout the flight enabling more transparent insights on mass shares. Subsequently, a systematic approach in tank partitioning leads to associated compromises regarding the tank weight. The analysis shows that cryogenic hydrogen tanks are highly competitive with kerosene tanks in terms of overall mass, which is further improved by the use of a fuel cell. © 2018 by the authors.
Role of HIV RNA structure in recombination and speciation: romping in purine A, keeps HTLV away
Creators: name: Forsdyke, Donald R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Extreme enrichment of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) RNA genome for the purine A parallels the mild purine-loading of the RNAs of most organisms. This should militate against loop-loop "kissing" interactions between the structured viral genome and structured host RNAs, which can generate segments of double-stranded RNA sufficient to trigger intracellular alarms. However, human T cell leukaemia virus (HTLV-1), with the potential to invade the same host cell, shows extreme enrichment for the pyrimidine C. Assuming the low GC% HIV and the high GC% HTLV-1 to share a common ancestor, it was postulated that differences in GC% arose to prevent homologous recombination between these emerging lentiviral species. Sympatrically isolated by this intracellular reproductive barrier, prototypic HIV-1 seized the AU-rich (low GC%) high ground (thus committing to purine A rather than purine G). Prototypic HTLV-1 forwent this advantage and evolved an independent evolutionary strategy. Evidence supporting this hypothesis since its elaboration in the 1990s is growing. The conflict between the needs to encode accurately both a protein, and nucleic acid structure, is often resolved in favour of the nucleic acid because, apart from regulatory roles, structure is critical for recombination. However, above a sequence difference threshold, structure (and hence recombination) is impaired. New species can then arise.
description: Initially submitted to the Journal of Theoretical Biology 27th November 2012
On cosmological constants from α′-corrections
Creators: name: Gautason, Fridrik Freyr
name: Junghans, Daniel
name: Zagermann, Marco
Publisher: name: Heidelberg : Springer Verlag
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: DS vacua in string theory
subject: Superstring vacua
subject: Superstrings and heterotic strings
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: We examine to what extent perturbative α′-corrections can generate a small cosmological constant in warped string compactifications. Focusing on the heterotic string at lowest order in the string loop expansion, we show that, for a maximally symmetric spacetime, the α′-corrected 4D scalar potential has no effect on the cosmological constant. The only relevant terms are instead higher order products of 4D Riemann tensors, which, however, are found to vanish in the usual perturbative regime of the α′-expansion. The heterotic string therefore only allows for 4D Minkowski vacua to all orders in α′, unless one also introduces string loop and/or nonperturbative corrections or allows for curvatures or field strengths that are large in string units. In particular, we find that perturbative α′-effects cannot induce weakly curved AdS4 solutions.
Seroprevalence of Caprine Brucellosis in Doba district, West Hararghe Zone, East Ethiopia
Creators: name: Bogale, Ketema
name: Birru, Bekele
name: Nigusu, Kifle
name: Asress, Shimelis
Publisher: name: East African Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
Year: 2018

description: A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the sero-prevalence and distribution of brucellosis and to identify the potential predisposing factors associated with brucellosis occurrence in Doba district West Hararghe zone of Oromia Regional State, Eastern Ethiopia. Simple random sampling method was employed to select 384 goats in four rural kebeles from Doba district. Modified Rose Bengal plate test (mRBPT) and complement fixation test (CFT) were used as screening and confirmatory serological tests, respectively. The results revealed that 10 (2.6%) and 7 (1.83%) goats were seropositive for caprine brucellosis by mRBPT and CFT, respectively. The risk factors considered (age, sex, and body condition) were not associated with caprine brucellosis infection. Nevertheless, relatively higher magnitude of prevalence was recorded in adult, female, and poor body condition goats. The present study established the presence of caprine brucellosis in the study areas. Therefore, careful segregation and elimination of positive reactor animals would help to control further distribution of the disease. Moreover, exhaustive investigation is suggested to identify the determinant risk factors of caprine brucellosis.
description: East African Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Vol. 2 No. 2 (2018): East African Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
Laser interferometer for spaceborne mapping of the Earth's gravity field
Creators: name: Dehne, Marina
name: Cervantes, Felipe Guzman
name: Sheard, Benjamin
name: Heinzel, Gerhard
name: Danzmann, Karsten
Publisher: name: Bristol : IOP Publishing Ltd.
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: gravity field
subject: laser
subject: GRACE
subject: Earth
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) is one of the present missions to map the Earth's gravity field. The aim of a GRACE follow-on mission is to map the gravitational field of the Earth with higher resolution over at least 6 years. This should lead to a deeper insight into geophysical processes of the Earth's system. One suggested detector for this purpose consists of two identical spacecraft carrying drag-free test masses in a low Earth orbit at an altitude of the order of 300 km, following each other with a distance on the order of 50 to 100 km. Changes in the Earth's gravity field will induce distance fluctuations between two test masses on separate spacecraft. These variations in the frequency range 1 to 100 mHz are to be monitored by a laser interferometer with nanometer precision. We present preliminary results of a heterodyne interferometer configuration using polarising optics, demonstrating the required phase sensitivity. © 2009 IOP Publishing Ltd.
Non-Abelian sigma models from Yang–Mills theory compactified on a circle
Creators: name: Ivanova, Tatiana A.
name: Lechtenfeld, Olaf
name: Popov, Alexander D.
Publisher: name: Amsterdam : Elsevier B.V.
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Yang–Mills theory
subject: Non-Abelian sigma model
subject: QCD-like theory
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: We consider SU(N) Yang–Mills theory on R2,1×S1, where S1 is a spatial circle. In the infrared limit of a small-circle radius the Yang–Mills action reduces to the action of a sigma model on R2,1 whose target space is a 2(N−1)-dimensional torus modulo the Weyl-group action. We argue that there is freedom in the choice of the framing of the gauge bundles, which leads to more general options. In particular, we show that this low-energy limit can give rise to a target space SU(N)×SU(N)/ZN. The latter is the direct product of SU(N) and its Langlands dual SU(N)/ZN, and it contains the above-mentioned torus as its maximal Abelian subgroup. An analogous result is obtained for any non-Abelian gauge group. © 2018 The Author(s)
Gold nanoparticle-mediated laser stimulation induces a complex stress response in neuronal cells
Creators: name: Johannsmeier, Sonja
name: Heeger, Patrick
name: Terakawa, Mitsuhiro
name: Kalies, Stefan
name: Heisterkamp, Alexander
name: Ripken, Tammo
name: Heinemann, Dag
Publisher: name: London : Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: neuronal cells
subject: laser
subject: neuronal stimulation
subject: lipid peroxidation
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik

description: Stimulation of neuronal cells generally resorts to electric signals. Recent advances in laser-based stimulation methods could present an alternative with superior spatiotemporal resolution. The avoidance of electronic crosstalk makes these methods attractive for in vivo therapeutic application. In particular, nano-mediators, such as gold nanoparticles, can be used to transfer the energy from a laser pulse to the cell membrane and subsequently activate excitable cells. Although the underlying mechanisms of neuronal activation have been widely unraveled, the overall effect on the targeted cell is not understood. Little is known about the physiological and pathophysiological impact of a laser pulse targeted onto nanoabsorbers on the cell membrane. Here, we analyzed the reaction of the neuronal murine cell line Neuro-2A and murine primary cortical neurons to gold nanoparticle mediated laser stimulation. Our study reveals a severe, complex and cell-type independent stress response after laser irradiation, emphasizing the need for a thorough assessment of this approach's efficacy and safety. © 2018 The Author(s).
title: ОСНОВНЫЕ НАРУШЕНИЯ В ГОСЗАКУПКАХ
Creators: name: Пищола, Михаил
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2019

description: Статья посвящена анализу основных нарушений в системе госзакупок. Автор изучает типовые нарушения в госзакупках, а также исследует их статистику.
Russet Susceptibility in Apple Is Associated with Skin Cells that Are Larger, More Variable in Size, and of Reduced Fracture Strain
Creators: name: Khanal, Bishnu P.
name: Le, Thi Lieu
name: Si, Yiru
name: Knoche, Moritz
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Malus × domestica
subject: russet
subject: epidermis
subject: hypodermis
subject: mechanical properties
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::580 | Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: Russeting is an economically important surface disorder in apple (Malus × domestica Borkh). Indirect evidence suggests an irregular skin structure may be the cause of the phenomenon. The objective of this study was to characterize epidermal and hypodermal cell morphology and the mechanical properties of the skins of apple cultivars of differing russet susceptibility. Dimensions of epidermal and hypodermal cells were determined using microscopy. Stiffness (S), maximum force (Fmax), and maximum strain (εmax) at failure were quantified using uniaxial tensile tests of skin strips. Particularly during early fruit development, epidermal cells (EC) and hypodermal cells (HC) in russet non-susceptible cultivars occurred in greater numbers per unit area than in russet-susceptible ones. The EC and HC were lower in height, shorter in length, and of reduced tangential surface area. There were little differences in S or Fmax between non-susceptible and susceptible cultivars. However, the εmax were higher for the skins of non-susceptible cultivars, than for those of susceptible ones. This difference was larger for the young than for the later growth stages. It is concluded that russet-susceptible cultivars generally have larger cells and a wider distribution of cell sizes for both EC and HC. These result in decreased εmax for the skin during early fruit development when russet susceptibility is high. This increases the chances of skin failures which is known to trigger russeting.
Non-Fermi liquid correction to the neutrino mean free path and emissivity in neutron star beyond the leading order
Creators: name: Adhya, Souvik Priyam
name: Roy, Pradip K.
name: Dutt-Mazumder, Abhee K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we have derived the expressions of the mean free path (MFP) and emissivity of the neutrinos by incorporating non-Fermi liquid (NFL) corrections upto next to leading order (NLO). We have shown how such corrections affect the cooling of the neutron star composed of quark matter core.
description: Published in the Proceedings of the International Conference on Recent Trends in Nuclear Physics-2012, India
Coping Strategies to Feed Shortage, Farmers Perception, and Available Practices for Hydroponic Fodder Production as Feed of Dairy Cows in Selected Areas of Northwestern Ethiopia
Creators: name: Assefa, Getachew
name: Urge, Mengistu
name: Animut, Getachew
name: Assefa, Getnet
Publisher: name: East African Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
Year: 2018

description: A cross-sectional single visit multi-purpose survey was conducted in Gondar, Mekele, and Tachi-Gayint to understand the suitability of hydroponic fodder technology to urban and peri-urban dairy farms. A total of 436 households who own at least one crossbred dairy cow were randomly selected and interviewed using semi-structured questioner. The study identified zero-grazing as the main feeding system practiced by large proportion of dairy owners. Conserved crop residue and hay were the main bulk feed available in both dry and rainy season followed by agro-industrial byproduct in dry season and green feed in rainy season. Feed shortage was the primary problem impacting dairy production. Purchasing feed, culling less productive animals, and feeding less or using alternative feed were the copping strategies employed for feed scarcity. Hydroponic fodder production practice was low (6.9%) due to lack of awareness, high cost of seed, and labor shortage. However, greater proportion (56.7%) of dairy cattle owners having experience of using hydroponic fodder witnessed that it improved milk production, calf growth, and animal’s body condition. Unlike urban respondents who have suspicion on the feasibility of the technology, large proportion (83.2%) of peri-urban consider production of hydroponic fodder as a good opportunity and ready to grow if the technology is cost effective and proven to increase milk production without affecting animal health. Although majority of the required facilities for hydroponic fodder production exists in the study area, seed cost and information on the effect of the fodder on productivity and health of animals limited its wider adoption and use. Hence, future research should focus on identifying cost effective technologies and knowledge on effect of feeding such fodder on animal productivity and health.
description: East African Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Vol. 2 No. 2 (2018): East African Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
Allium victorialis L.
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: A. Victorialis L. Cat. 349. l: Linleux (J.); Proz Pethoux ob Vionnaz 950 m (Défago); unter der Pointe de Mossettaz bei Champery (Mariétan); Dent de Valerette (J.);Emaney (Coquoz);Emosson (idem); Tanneverge (idem); Outre-Rhône, zwei Stellen: «Torrent sec», Grenze Waadt-Wallis, an unzugänglichen Fel- sen, 1940m (Gams) und Creux de Dzéman (Favrat 1872, nach Farquet). - 3: Ob dem Pont de Quart im Val de Bagnes;Alpe de Chassoure im Vallon d'Isérables; Alpe de Singline ob Zinal(alles: Mariétan).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
MPEC 2023-L77 : 2023 KL6
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 KL6

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.