cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Effect of heat flux on metal corrosion in non-boiling media: testing system, heat transfer simulations, and corrosion study on Al alloy
Creators: name: Wen, Cheng
name: Zhang, Qianwen
name: Qi, Kai
name: Chen, Zhenyu
name: Qiu, Yubing
name: Guo, Xingpeng
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: A dual-circulation testing system was constructed to study the effect of heat flux density (q, −22.28 ∼ +22.54 kW m‒2) on the corrosion of an Al–Cu–Mg–Mn alloy in 0.5 M H2SO4 at a constant metal surface temperature (50°C) under different controlling heat transfer states. Their heat transfer parameters were determined quantitatively by COMSOL simulation to keep them except q in constant, highlighting the influence of q on metal corrosion. Compared with the q = 0 condition, the positive heat flux (q > 0) improved the surface layer performance of the Al alloy to inhibit its anodic corrosion process, decreasing its corrosion current density (icorr) by 56% with increasing q to 22.54 kW m‒2. While q < 0, the opposite effect occurred, increasing its icorr by 52% at q = −22.28 kW m‒2. Heat flux also changed the corrosion reaction’s apparent effective activation energy (Ea) and pre-factor, and Ea played a dominating role in changing icorr.
The SAT-UNSAT transition in the adversarial SAT problem
Creators: name: Bardoscia, Marco
name: Nagaj, Daniel
name: Scardicchio, Antonello
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Adversarial SAT (AdSAT) is a generalization of the satisfiability (SAT) problem in which two players try to make a boolean formula true (resp. false) by controlling their respective sets of variables. AdSAT belongs to a higher complexity class in the polynomial hierarchy than SAT and therefore the nature of the critical region and the transition are not easily paralleled to those of SAT and worth of independent study. AdSAT also provides an upper bound for the transition threshold of the quantum satisfiability problem (QSAT). We present a complete algorithm for AdSAT, show that 2-AdSAT is in $\mathbf{P}$, and then study two stochastic algorithms (simulated annealing and its improved variant) and compare their performances in detail for 3-AdSAT. Varying the density of clauses $α$ we find a sharp SAT-UNSAT transition at a critical value whose upper bound is $α_c \lesssim 1.5$, thus providing a much stricter upper bound for the QSAT transition than those previously found.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Toward a geometric analogue of Dirichlet's unit theorem
Creators: name: Moriwaki, Atsushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this note, we propose a geometric analogue of Dirichlet's unit theorem on arithmetic varieties, that is, if X is a normal projective variety over a finite field and D is a pseudo-effective Q-Cartier divisor on X, does it follow that D is Q-effective? We also give affirmative answers on an abelian variety and a projective bundle over a curve.
description: 16 pages
Graduate student diversity, equity and inclusion professional development
Creators: name: Willis, Deborah
name: Schram, Laura
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Professional development, Program evaluation, Graduate student socialization, Diversity, equity and inclusion

description: Purpose – Recent research on graduate students’ diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI) socialization found that graduate colleges play a role in supporting graduate students’ DEI professional development (Perez et al., 2020), but more studies are needed about how graduate colleges facilitate DEI socialization. One graduate college at a large, selective, research-intensive, public university in the Midwestern US created a graduate certificate for professional development in DEI to expand graduate students’ capacities to contribute to inclusion and equity in higher education. The purpose of this multi-method program evaluation is to assess whether the certificate program created significant learning about DEI and developed intercultural competence among graduate students. Design/methodology/approach – The authors rely on multiple methods to evaluate the impact of the professional development DEI certificate. First, the authors used the Intercultural Development Inventory (IDI) pre and postassessment to measure the growth of participants in the first three years of the program. Second, the authors designed a reflection tool to assess significant learning after each component of the program. Finally, we conducted focus groups with graduates of the program to understand what program components were most valuable for DEI-related significant learning. Findings – The authors found that the DEI professional development program increased students’ intercultural competence as measured by the IDI. Students reported perceptions of significant learning in every domain of learning we assessed using a self-reflection tool and in focus groups. Originality/value – To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study that demonstrates how graduate colleges contribute to DEI socialization by preparing graduate students to interact across differences and contribute to inclusive climates both within and beyond academe. Paper type Case study
Stochastic Dynamics of the Multi-State Voter Model over a Network based on Interacting Cliques and Zealot Candidates
Creators: name: Palombi, Filippo
name: Toti, Simona
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stochastic dynamics of the multi-state voter model is investigated on a class of complex networks made of non-overlapping cliques, each hosting a political candidate and interacting with the others via Erdős-Rényi links. Numerical simulations of the model are interpreted in terms of an ad-hoc mean field theory, specifically tuned to resolve the inter/intra-clique interactions. Under a proper definition of the thermodynamic limit (with the average degree of the agents kept fixed while increasing the network size), the model is found to display the empirical scaling discovered by Fortunato and Castellano (Phys Rev Lett 99(13):138701, 2007), while the vote distribution resembles roughly that observed in Brazilian elections.
description: 31 pages, 8 figures. Revised text, results unchanged. Version accepted for publication in Journal of Statistical Physics
Exclusive J/ψ production in ultraperipheral collisions at the LHC: constrains on the gluon distributions in the proton and nuclei
Creators: name: Guzey, V.
name: Zhalov, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the framework of collinear factorization in perturbative QCD (pQCD), we analyze the recent data of the LHCb and ALICE collaborations on exclusive photoproduction of J/ψ in ultraperipheral pp and AA collisions, respectively. We demonstrate that the simultaneous analysis of the proton and Pb data allows us to reduce the ambiguity of the pQCD description of the $γp \to J/ψp$ and $γA \to J/ψp$ cross sections and, hence, to place additional constraints on the gluon distributions in the nucleon and nuclei at small x. We also make predictions for the cross section of coherent exclusive photoproduction of J/ψ in nucleus-nucleus ultraperipheral collisions accompanied by the electromagnetic excitation of nuclei and the subsequent neutron emission.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables. The final version matching the published paper
ECOLOGIES OF CARE: INVISIBLE WORK AND KNOWLEDGE IN DIABETES CARE
Creators: name: RADICIONI, SILVIA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2020

description: The thesis is an ethnographic investigation of diabetes care practices in the context of contemporary transformations in health care. Drawing from practice theory, ethics of care, science and technology studies and relational materialism, the research wants to foster a concept of care practices that could be used for exploring care in its complexity, in multiple spaces and with different relationships. The research takes the case of Emilia-Romagna and is set in a diabetes clinic and in different spaces where patients? organizations are operating. Data were generated between 2018 and 2019, through participant observation and ethnographic interviewing. The results suggest the emerging of new models of subjects-patient, the shifts in values and ethics in diabetes care moved by patients? organizations and groups, and the impact of invisible work in daily life for people with diabetes and for the course of diabetes itself. An intersectional analysis has shown the vulnerability of people with caring responsibilities and identities, reinforced by the increasing use of diagnostic and therapeutic programs based on the standard of patient-citizen, and the biomedical concept of ?lifestyle? that is blind towards relationships. Without considering care in its totality it is impossible to address diabetes care.
High-Resolution Three-Dimensional Simulations of Core-Collapse Supernovae in Multiple Progenitors
Creators: name: Couch, Sean M.
name: O'Connor, Evan P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three-dimensional simulations of core-collapse supernovae are granting new insight into the as-yet uncertain mechanism that drives successful explosions. While there is still debate about whether explosions are obtained more easily in 3D than in 2D, it is undeniable that there exist qualitative and quantitative differences between the results of 3D and 2D simulations. We present an extensive set of high-resolution one-, two-, and three-dimensional core-collapse supernova simulations with multispecies neutrino leakage carried out in two different progenitors. Our simulations confirm the results of Couch (2013) indicating that 2D explodes more readily than 3D. We argue that this is due to the inadequacies of 2D to accurately capture important aspects of the three-dimensional dynamics. We find that without artificially enhancing the neutrino heating rate we do not obtain explosions in 3D. We examine the development of neutrino-driven convection and the standing accretion shock instability and find that, in separate regimes, either instability can dominate. We find evidence for growth of the standing accretion shock instability for both 15-$M_\odot$ and 27-$M_\odot$ progenitors, however, it is weaker in 3D exploding models. The growth rate of both instabilities is artificially enhanced along the symmetry axis in 2D as compared with our axis-free 3D Cartesian simulations. Our work highlights the growing consensus that core-collapse supernovae must be studied in 3D if we hope to solve the mystery of how the explosions are powered.
description: 21 pages, 16 figures, accepted by ApJ
Higgs characterisation via vector-boson fusion and associated production: NLO and parton-shower effects
Creators: name: Maltoni, Fabio
name: Mawatari, Kentarou
name: Zaro, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vector-boson fusion and associated production at the LHC can provide key information on the strength and structure of the Higgs couplings to the Standard Model particles. Using an effective field theory approach, we study the effects of next-to-leading order (NLO) QCD corrections matched to parton shower on selected observables for various spin-0 hypotheses. We find that inclusion of NLO corrections is needed to reduce the theoretical uncertainties on total rates as well as to reliably predict the shapes of the distributions. Our results are obtained in a fully automatic way via FeynRules and MadGraph5_aMC@NLO.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, 7 tables; v2: sign error of g_AVV in table 2 corrected and references added, version to appear in EPJC; v3: typos in eq.(1) corrected
Influence of Nutrition on Mental Health: Scoping Review
Creators: name: Martí-Vilar, Manuel
name: Bru-Luna, Lluna Maria
name: López, Lara María Suárez
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition
subject: Psychiatry and Psychology
subject: Nutrition
subject: Psychopathology
subject: Feeding
subject: Mental health
subject: Anxiety
subject: Depression

description: The aim of this article was to carry out a scoping review of existing research on the influence of food on mental health: (1) Background: nutrition, nutrient levels or an adequate body weight seem to influence the mental health status of individuals. The consumption of psychotropic drugs also seems to contribute to overweight; (2) Methods: 15 previous research articles were used in the review, which were read in their entirety, following PRISMA methodology and SPIDER and GRADE tools; (3) Results: there is a relationship between diet and mental health status; low levels of magnesium together with high levels of calcium provoke anxious states and supplementation with Melissa Officinalis attenuates them; healthy nutritional habits generally reduce depressive symptoms; vitamin D supplementation improves mental health status; (4) Conclusion: in general, a healthy and appropriate nutrition, such as the Mediterranean diet, improves mental health status. Levels of magnesium, vitamin D, vitamin B6 also seem to have an influence.
Testing the Dipole Modulation Model in CMBR
Creators: name: Rath, Pranati K.
name: Jain, Pankaj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hemispherical power asymmetry, observed in the CMBR data, has generally been interpreted in terms of the dipole modulation model for the temperature fluctuations. Here we point out that this model leads to several predictions, which can be directly tested in the current data. We suggest tests of the hemispherical power asymmetry both in real and multipole space. We find a significant signal of the dipole modulation model in WMAP and PLANCK data with our tests. The dipole amplitude and direction also agrees, within errors, with earlier results based on hemispherical analysis in multipole space. We also find evidence that the effective dipole modulation amplitude increases with the multipole l in the range l=2-64.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, major changes
SCALABLE SPRAY DEPOSITION OF MICRO-AND NANOPARTICLES AND FABRICATION OF FUNCTIONAL COATINGS
Creators: name: Akin, Semih
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2022
Subjects: Additive manufacturing
Nanomanufacturing
Manufacturing processes and technologies (excl. textiles)
Flexible manufacturing systems
Numerical modelling and mechanical characterisation
Mechanical engineering not elsewhere classified
Functional materials
Composite and hybrid materials

description: Micro- and nanoparticles (MNP) attract much attention owing to their unique properties, structural tunability, and wide range of practical applications. To deposit these important materials on surfaces for generating functional coatings, a variety of special delivery systems and coating/printing techniques have been explored. Herein, spray coating technique is a promising candidate to advance the field of nanotechnology due to its low-cost, high-deposition rate, manufacturing flexibility, and compatibility with roll-to-roll processing. Despite great advances, direct scalable spray writing of functional materials at high-spatial resolution through fine patterning without a need of vacuum and mask equipment still remains challenging. Addressing these limitations requires the development of efficient spray deposition techniques and novel manufacturing approaches to effectively fabricate functional coatings. To this end, this dissertation employs three different spray coating methods of (1) cold spray; (2) atomization-assisted supersonic spray, and (3) dual velocity regime spray to address the aforementioned limitations. A comprehensive set of coating materials, design principles, and operational settings for each spray system are tailored for rapid, direct, and sustainable deposition of MNP on various substrates. Besides, through the two-phase flow modeling, droplets dispersion and deposition characteristics were investigated under both subsonic and supersonic flow conditions to uncover the process-structure-property relationships of the established spray systems. Moreover, novel spray-based manufacturing approaches are developed to fabricate functional coatings in various applications, including (i) functional polymer metallization, (ii) printed flexible electronics, (iii) advanced thin-film nanocoating, (iv) laser direct writing, and (v) electronic textiles.
Recovering the observed B/C ratio in a dynamic spiral-armed cosmic ray model
Creators: name: Benyamin, David
name: Nakar, Ehud
name: Piran, Tsvi
name: Shaviv, Nir J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a fully three dimensional numerical code describing the diffusion of cosmic rays in the Milky Way. It includes the nuclear spallation chain up to Oxygen, and allows the study of various cosmic ray properties, such as the CR age, grammage traversed, and the ratio between secondary and primary particles. This code enables us to explore a model in which a large fraction of the cosmic ray acceleration takes place in the vicinity of galactic spiral arms and that these spiral arms are dynamic. We show that the effect of having dynamic spiral arms is to limit the age of cosmic rays at low energies. This is because at low energies the time since the last spiral arm passage governs the Cosmic Ray (CR) age, and not diffusion. Using the model, the observed spectral dependence of the secondary to primary ratio is recovered without requiring any further assumptions such as a galactic wind, re-acceleration or various assumptions on the diffusivity. In particular, we obtain a secondary to primary ratio which increases with energy below about 1 GeV.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
The geology and mineralization of geevor tin mine, cornwall
Creators: name: Garnett, Richard Herbert Train
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: Geevor Mine is situated on the northern flank of the Land's End Granite in the St. Just mining district of West Cornwall. Steeply-dipping, NW-SE lodes, with an average width of 2 ft., are confined to the granite. The latter is overlain by metamorphosed 'killas' and a conformable 'greenstone' series which possesses an overall North-West dip. Their previous folding controlled the emplacement of the granite, and their structure was further distorted during the intrusion stage. Tin, as cassiterite, with copper as a by-product, is produced from nearly twenty lodes, many of which have now been completely exploited. A greater degree of fracturing, comprising primary and secondary granite joints initiated by a continuance of the horizontal maximum stress operating during intrusion, allowed the increased vertical stresses associated with mineralization to be accommodated by movement along pre-existing joints. Elsewhere in Cornwall new fissures, now equivalent to the lodes, were created. Preliminary movement comprised block faulting, the limits now being defined by 'post-mineralization' faults and fault zones, and occasionally by a marginally-mineralized lode. Individual blocks were eventually subjected to wedge faulting, each wedge being defined by the lodes. The corresponding movements, both normal and reverse faulting, may be evaluated from displacements exerted upon numerous small dykes. Complete lode mineralization was attained by a series of phases, commencing with wall-rock alteration, and separated in time from late quartz-rich phases by the cassiterite- and sulphide-bearing associations. The extent of distribution of each phase product was influenced by strong structural and temperature controls, demonstrated by constructing contour diagrams. Post-mineralization movements along the earlier limits of block faulting created an additional form of 'cross-course' or 'guide', which was infilled with quartz associations, as opposed to the other which appears only as planes of complex movement.
Recurrence and non-uniformity of bracket polynomials
Creators: name: Tointon, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A bracket polynomial on the integers is a function formed using the operations of addition, multiplication and taking fractional parts. For a fairly large class of bracket polynomials we show that if p is a bracket polynomial of degree k-1 on [N] then the function f defined by f(n) = e(p(n)) has Gowers U^k[N]-norm bounded away from zero, uniformly in N. We establish this result by first reducing it to a certain recurrence property of sets of bracket polynomials. Specifically, for a fairly large class of bracket polynomials we show that if p_1, ..., p_r are bracket polynomials then their values, modulo 1, are all close to zero on at least some constant proportion of the points 1, ..., N. The proofs rely on two deep results from the literature. The first is work of V. Bergelson and A. Leibman showing that an arbitrary bracket polynomial can be expressed in terms of a polynomial sequence on a nilmanifold. The second is a theorem of B. Green and T. Tao describing the quantitative distribution properties of such polynomial sequences. We give elementary alternative proofs of the first result, without reference to nilmanifolds, in certain "low-complexity" special cases.
description: V1 28 pages. V2 31 pages. Section 5 from V1 has been split into two separate sections in V2, and Appendix C has been added. V2 has a different title to V1
NOVEL SMART DEVICES FOR THE ADMINISTRATION OF DRUGS INTO HOLLOW MUSCULAR ORGANS
Creators: name: UBOLDI, MARCO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2021

description: In questa tesi di dottorato � stato indagato il potenziale di applicazione di smart materials ed in particolare dei cosiddetti polimeri a memoria (SMPs) in campo farmaceutico. Questi ultimi, grazie alla loro capacit� di rispondere a stimoli esterni modificando la propria geometria nel tempo, si configurano ad oggi come una delle tematiche di ricerca pi� all?avanguardia. A partire da questi materiali sono stati sviluppati sistemi di rilascio (drug delivery systems, DDSs) dalle prestazioni innovative e potenzialmente in grado di superare i limiti degli approcci terapeutici attualmente disponibili (e.g. scarsa aderenza alla terapia da parte del paziente, capacit� di garantire livelli di attivo efficaci nella zona di interessa per un periodo di tempo prolungato, possibilit� di personalizzazione dei sistemi). Date queste premesse, la letteratura scientifica a disposizione � stata oggetto di una valutazione approfondita, con la stesura di una review, nella quale sono stati recensititi tutti i sistemi di rilascio proposti in letteratura e realizzati a partire da SMPs, evidenziando l'obiettivo per cui i cambiamenti di forma sono stati perseguiti. Da un punto di vista sperimentale, SMPs di grado farmaceutico sono stati impiegati per la prima volta nella realizzazione di DDSs destinati alla ritenzione, per lunghi periodi di tempo, in organi cavi di tipo muscolare, quali vescica e stomaco. A questo proposito, il processo di cambiamento di forma consentirebbe non solo la somministrazione sicura dei sistemi ma anche la relativa permanenza nel sito di interesse. Prototipi di DDSs organo-ritentivi sono stati quindi ottenuti utilizzando tecniche piuttosto innovative per la produzione farmaceutica, ovvero estrusione a caldo e stampa 3D per fused deposition modeling. � da sottolineare come, l?utilizzo di SMPs come materiali di partenza per la stampa 3D, si traduca nel nuovo concetto di stampa 4D. Successivamente la possibilit� di rivestire i campioni precedentemente realizzati e caratterizzati da una geometria particolarmente complessa si � dimostrata una strategia efficace per prolungarne la durata di rilascio senza influenzarne il comportamento di memoria di forma. Infine, i dati sperimentali raccolti sono stati accoppiati ad un modello di simulazione opportunamente validato cos� da accelerare le fasi di ricerca e sviluppo relative ai DDSs oggetto di studio e migliorarne le prestazioni complessive. Sfruttando questo approccio combinato sarebbe infatti possibile prevedere il comportamento a memoria di forma di prototipi complessi, riducendo al contempo il numero di oggetti fisici da preparare e testare.
The RoboPol Pipeline and Control System
Creators: name: King, O. G.
name: Blinov, D.
name: Ramaprakash, A. N.
name: Myserlis, I.
name: Angelakis, E.
name: Baloković, M.
name: Feiler, R.
name: Fuhrmann, L.
name: Hovatta, T.
name: Khodade, P.
name: Kougentakis, A.
name: Kylafis, N.
name: Kus, A.
name: Paleologou, E.
name: Panopoulou, G.
name: Papadakis, I.
name: Papamastorakis, I.
name: Paterakis, G.
name: Pavlidou, V.
name: Pazderska, B.
name: Pazderski, E.
name: Pearson, T. J.
name: Rajarshi, C.
name: Readhead, A. C. S.
name: Reig, P.
name: Rouneq, R.
name: Steiakaki, A.
name: Tassis, K.
name: Zensus, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the data reduction pipeline and control system for the RoboPol project. The RoboPol project is monitoring the optical $R$-band magnitude and linear polarization of a large sample of active galactic nuclei that is dominated by blazars. The pipeline calibrates and reduces each exposure frame, producing a measurement of the magnitude and linear polarization of every source in the $13'\times 13'$ field of view. The control system combines a dynamic scheduler, real-time data reduction, and telescope automation to allow high-efficiency unassisted observations.
description: 12 pages, 16 figures, accepted by MNRAS
SKELETAL MUSCLE AND CIRCULATING MICRORNAS IN MYOTONIC DISTROPHY TYPE 1
Creators: name: PERFETTI, ALESSANDRA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2017

description: In Myotonic Dystrophy type 1 (DM1), the accumulation of transcripts containing CUG triplet expansions leads to the dysregulation of multiple cellular processes, including RNA splicing and microRNA (miRNAs) synthesis. This project aims to find functional miRNAs that are specifically deregulated in muscles of DM1 patients, and to identify circulating miRNAs in the plasma of DM1 patients that could be used as biomarkers of DM1 disease progression. Preliminary studies had previously identified a group of miRNAs that were deregulated in the plasma or serum of small groups of DM1 patients. In this work, very stringent selection and normalization criteria were adopted to validate or disprove these miRNAs in 103 DM1 patients and 111 matched controls. We found that 8 miRNAs out of 12 were significantly deregulated in DM1 patients and that the levels of these miRNAs discriminated DM1 from controls significantly. Next, we determined a ?DM1-miRNAs score?, calculated averaging the values of all 8 miRNAs, and a ?miR-133a/b score? obtained averaging the levels of the two miR-133 members, both displaying a good ability to discriminate between DM1 and control subjects. Additionally, both scores correlated with muscle strength and Creatine Kinase levels. Moreover, 7 out of 8 miRNAs were found deregulated also in 30 patient affected by Myotonic Dystrophy type 2. The second aim of this work was the identification of miRNA/target mRNAs couples deregulated in skeletal muscles of DM1 patients. To this aim, the RNAs associated to RISC effector complex were analyzed from muscle biopsies of DM1 patients and healthy individuals and RNA-Sequencing was used to identify RISC-associated small RNAs (miRNAs) and long RNAs (mRNAs). A number of small and long RNAs differentially expressed in RISC complexes of DM1 vs healthy controls were identified, that showed statistically significant modulation. Next, using target prediction algorithms, miRNA-mRNA couples deregulated in DM1 were identified. RNA-sequencing data confirmed in independent qPCR assays, analyzing larger groups of DM1 patients and controls. Moreover, using myogenic cell models derived from dermal fibroblasts of DM1 patients and healthy individuals, a subset of these interactions was confirmed, validating this in vitro system for future functional studies. In conclusion, this study identified relevant tissue miRNAs aberrantly expressed in DM1 and validated plasma miRNAs as potential DM1 biomarkers.
Thermodynamics of a Photon Gas in Nonlinear Electrodynamics
Creators: name: Akmansoy, P. Niau
name: Medeiros, L. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we analyze the thermodynamic properties of a photon gas under the influence of a background electromagnetic field in the context of any nonlinear electrodynamics. Neglecting the self-interaction of photons, we obtain a general expression for the grand canonical potential. Particularizing for the case when the background field is uniform, we determine the pressure and the energy density for the photon gas. Although the pressure and the energy density change when compared with the standard case, the relationship between them remains unaltered, namely $ρ=3p$. Finally, we apply the developed formulation to the cases of Heisenberg-Euler and Born-Infeld nonlinear electrodynamics. For the Heisenberg-Euler case, we show that our formalism recover the results obtained with the $2$-loop thermal effective action approach.
description: 7 pages, 1 figures. A new section about H.E. effective action added in this version. Accepted PLB
Arbitrarily large steady-state bosonic squeezing via dissipation
Creators: name: Kronwald, Andreas
name: Marquardt, Florian
name: Clerk, Aashish A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss how large amounts of steady-state quantum squeezing (beyond 3 dB) of a mechanical resonator can be obtained by driving an optomechanical cavity with two control lasers with differing amplitudes. The scheme does not rely on any explicit measurement or feedback, nor does it simply involve a modulation of an optical spring constant. Instead, it uses a dissipative mechanism with the driven cavity acting as an engineered reservoir. It can equivalently be viewed as a coherent feedback process, obtained by minimally perturbing the quantum nondemolition measurement of a single mechanical quadrature. This shows that in general the concepts of coherent feedback schemes and reservoir engineering are closely related. We analyze how to optimize the scheme, how the squeezing scales with system parameters, and how it may be directly detected from the cavity output. Our scheme is extremely general, and could also be implemented with, e.g., superconducting circuits.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures ; 6 pages supplemental information
Partnership as experimentation
Creators: name: Artunc, Cihan
name: Guinnane, Timothy W.
Publisher: name: Middlebury
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Financial economics
subject: Econometrics
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Recent research disputes the view that the joint-stock corporation played a crucial role in historical economic development, but retains the idea that the costless firm dissolution implicit in non-corporate forms deterred investment. A multi-armed bandit model demonstrates the benefits of costless dissolution in an environment where potential business partners are not fully informed. Experimentation creates a spike in dissolution rates early in firms' lives, as less productive matches break down and agents look for better matches. Many of the better matches adopt the corporate form, whose higher dissolution cost functions as a commitment device. We test the model's predictions using firm-level data on 12,000 enterprises established in Egypt between 1910 and 1949. The partnership reflected a trade-off between committing to a partner and sorting into potentially better matches, fostering the formation of more product- ive enterprises.
On convoluters on $L^p$-spaces
Creators: name: Daws, Matthew
name: Spronk, Nico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove two theorems about convolution operators on $L^p(G)$ for a locally compact group $G$. First, if $G$ has the approximation property, then the algebra of convoluters is the algebra of pseudo-measures. Second, the bicommutant of the algebra of pseudo-measures is the algebra of convoluters.
description: Author accepted version; to appear in Studia Math
AUTOMAZIONE DELLA PREPARAZIONE E DISTRIBUZIONE DI RAZIONI COMPLETAMENTE MISCELATE (TMR) O UNIFEED PER BOVINE DA LATTE: POSSIBILITA' TECNOLOGICHE E RICADUTE PRODUTTIVE, GESTIONALI ED ECONOMICHE
Creators: name: BISAGLIA, CARLO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2013

description: Feeding Total Mixed Rations (TMR) has become a common practice for dairy cows as a result of the benefits for the animals and the labour savings for farmers. Characteristic for this feeding system are the man-operated mechanical mixers. Besides the advantages of the TMR technique, it has the same drawback as most traditional ad-libitum feeding systems that the discharge of feed is limited to once, maximum twice a day. During the last 5-8 years, technologies for automatically feeding cows with TMR have grown in popularity. Almost 20 manufacturers are working worldwide on different designs for automatic feeding systems (AFS) while an estimated 400-500 farms have adopted this technology, mostly located in Northern Europe, Canada and Japan. The different manufacturers offer a wide range of technical solutions. Some of the most important aspects that characterize these systems include the possibility of a high frequency to distribute the ration, to control the feeding times, to stimulate the cow activity and to manage the composition of the total daily ration with the objective to control the feed intake. The management possibilities and the quality of work seem to be strongly affected by the concepts of the technical solutions that are now available. The thesys discusses, in Chapter 1, the physiologic aspects affecting the possibility of mechanize the feeding operations of dairy cows. In Chapter 2 the different automatic feeding technolgies have been analyzed and classified for the first time. In Chapter 3 the results of a survey involving the Wageningen University and carried out in 22 Dutch farms that use automatic systems for milking and feeding cows have been described. In Chapter 4 an assessment of the main functional parameters of AFSs such as mixing uniformity, physical composition of the ration and cows behaviour has been reported. In Chapter 5 the thesis reports the economic analisys related to the introduction of AFS and the first problems encountered leading to propose further research actions.
Continuum of an accretion column with a collisionless shock wave: analytical consideration
Creators: name: Gornostaev, Mikhail
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: X-ray pulsars
neutron stars
accretion
radiative transfer

description: The problem of radiation scattering in a limited medium with a given Comptonization parameter has been studied for many years. It turns out that some well-known theoretical results can be applied in solving modern problems. Here, analytical solutions are considered for a continuum formed in a two-dimensional region under a collisionless shock in accretion columns. The Comptonization parameter is determined in an efficient way and takes into account reducing the average number of photon scatterings in the magnetic field. The behavior of the hardness ratio of the X-ray continuum is studied as a function of the usual parameters of the problem for the case of disk accretion. As an example, the known observations of Cep X-4 are considered.
DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL STRATEGIES TO ENHANCE THE AFFINITY OF CYCLIC PEPTIDE LIGANDS FOR INTEGRIN RECEPTORS
Creators: name: SACCO, GIOVANNI
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2022

description: The impact of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in current pharmaceutical research is due to their unique ability to bind biological targets with very high affinity. On the other hand, there is a considerable interest in the development of small molecule ligands with antibody-like affinities, which may overcome some limitations of mAbs. This PhD work describes the development of general strategies to increase the binding affinity of peptide ligands bearing the Arg-Gly-Asp motif, i.e. the well-known recognition sequence of specific tumor-associated integrin receptors. In our first approach, we designed a bicyclic peptide bearing two RGD motifs that displayed an enhanced inhibition of ECM protein binding to integrin receptors ?v?3 and ?5?1 and marked biological effects in U-373 MG glioblastoma cells. Later on, we focused on the 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde tag (2HB), which can engage ??amino groups of Lys residues in stable imines. After investigating the 2HB installation to different types of reactive handles, we conjugated the 2HB tag to the N-side and on the C-side of a cyclic RGD peptide. The resulting conjugates have been investigated as novel ?v?3 integrin ligands and the nature of the ligand-protein interaction has been investigated performing in silico experiments. For both the 2HB-RGD conjugates, the biological results and the computational outcomes demonstrated to be coherent with each other, proving the feasibility of the reversible covalent engagement of Lys residues with the 2HB tag to enhance the affinity of a well-known small ligand.
Prolonged sitting time associated with Type 2 diabetes?
Creators: name: Phillips, Maxine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Health surveillance
Preventative health care

description: Is prolonged sitting associated with Tpye 2 diabetes?. Often T2D is linked to sitting and inactivity, it slows metabolism and in turn affects the body's ability to regulate blood sugar and pressure. This study delves into the risk of T2D with an increased sitting time
Classical breeding for microalgae improvement within the frame of the NewTechAqua project (WP3 - Subtask 1)
Creators: name: Pisapia, Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: microalgae
breeding
Spanish Bank of Algae
biotechnology
Aquaculture

description: Progress of the Spanish Bank of Algae on the task 3.1 of the H2020 NewTechAqua project, presented at the 1st year NewTechAqua annual meeting, held online on Zoom.
Two estimates of the distance to the Galactic centre
Creators: name: Francis, Charles
name: Anderson, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use recently updated globular cluster distances to estimate the distance to the Galactic centre, finding 7.4 \pm 0.2|stat \pm 0.2|sys kpc from symmetry considerations. We recalibrate the red clump magnitude from Hipparcos stars, finding a skew distribution and a significant difference between peak and mean magnitudes. We find an estimate from stars in the periphery of the bulge using 2MASS, R0 = 7.5 \pm 0.3 kpc, in agreement with the figure from the halo centroid. We resolve discrepancies in the literature between estimates from the red clump. Our results are consistent with those found by different methodologies after taking systematic errors into account.
description: plus tabulated bibliography of 150 historical estimates
Deep multi-task networks for occluded pedestrian pose estimation
Creators: name: Das, Arindam
name: Das, Sudip
name: Sistu, Ganesh
name: Horgan, Jonathan
name: Bhattacharya, Ujjwal
name: Jones, Edward
name: Glavin, Martin
name: EISING, CIARAN
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2022
Subjects: Engineering

description: Most of the existing works on pedestrian pose estimation do not consider estimating the pose of an occluded pedestrian, as the annotations of the occluded parts are not available in relevant automotive datasets. For example, CityPersons, a well-known dataset for pedestrian detection in automotive scenes does not provide pose annotations, whereas MS-COCO, a non-automotive dataset, contains human pose estimation. In this work, we propose a multi-task framework to extract pedestrian features through detection and instance segmentation tasks performed separately on these two distributions. Thereafter, an encoder learns pose specific features using an unsupervised instance-level domain adaptation method for the pedestrian instances from both distributions. The proposed framework has improved state-of-the-art performances of pose estimation, pedestrian detection, and instance segmentation.
Quenched decoherence in qubit dynamics due to strong amplitude-damping noise
Creators: name: Wu, Shin-Tza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study non-perturbatively the time evolution of a qubit subject to amplitude-damping noise. We show that at strong coupling the qubit decoherence can be quenched owing to large environment feedbacks, such that the qubit can evolve coherently even in the long-time limit. As an application, we show that for a quantum channel that consists of two independent qubits subject to uncorrelated local amplitude-damping noises, it can maintain at strong coupling finite entanglement and better than classical teleportation fidelity at long times.
J-holomorphic curves with boundary in bounded geometry
Creators: name: Groman, Yoel
name: Solomon, Jake P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32Q65 (Primary) 53D12, 53C40 (Secondary)

description: The fundamental properties of $J$-holomorphic maps depend on two inequalities: The gradient inequality gives a pointwise bound on the differential of a $J$-holomorphic map in terms of its energy. The cylinder inequality stipulates and quantifies the exponential decay of energy along cylinders of small total energy. We show these inequalities hold uniformly if the geometry of the target symplectic manifold and Lagrangian boundary condition is appropriately bounded.
description: 38 pages; main theorem now requires compatibility of $J$ along $L$ and bounds on third derivatives of $J$; added Section 3.3.2; corrected minor errors
Application of oligosaccharidic gold nanoparticles to the vaccines for the therapy of breast cancer: synthesis of neu5GcLactose antigen starting from a complex ganglioside mixture
Creators: name: CIAMPA, MARIA GRAZIA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2008

description: Gangliosides, sphingolipids containing sialic acid residue(s), are components of the external layer of cell plasma membranes where they are inserted with the hydrophilic head group turned towards the extra cellular environment. In this strategic position, gangliosides contribute to very special cell processes as development, differentiation and oncogenic transformation. Analysis of the tumour associated ganglioside component profile may aid in the characterization of tumour cells and to establish the degree of malignant transformation. Furthermore, gangliosides that become prominently exposed on tumour cell during oncogenic dedifferentiation may be used as targets for specific immunohistological identification and possible therapeutic approaches. In humans the main sialic acid is N-acetyl-neuraminic acid (Neu5Ac), whereas N-glycolyl neuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) is not expressed in normal human tissues because a species-specific genetic mutation abrogate its biosynthesis. However breast cancer cells contain ganglioside GM3 carryng not only Neu5Ac but also Neu5Gc which resulted highly immunogenic and can be considered a good target for immunotherapy development. Some laboratories produced murine or human monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against GM3(NeuGc) ganglioside antigen but the low specificity of these monoclonal antibodies made them only partially useful for the cancer diagnosis and therapy. The aim of this thesis was to synthesize the oligosaccaridic chain of GM3(NeuGc) and obtain an idiotopic antigen that mimic the oligosaccharide of GM3(NeuGc). The first part of the research involved the synthesis of the oligosaccharide ?-Neu5Gc-(2-3)-?-Gal-(1-4)-??-Glc: starting from the natural GM3, which contains the Neu5Ac, we removed the acetyl group from the sialic acid and then synthesized the GM3(NeuGc). Later we removed the ceramide portion in order to obtain the free oligo-saccharide chain of GM3(NeuGc). Because the it is known that the oligosaccharidic molecules alone are not capable to induce an antibody response enough specific and efficient, we decided to synthesized a complex between the prepared oligosaccharide and gold nanoparticles. For this purpose we performed a two-phase synthesis: a thiol ligand (thio-acetyl-nonanole) is first tied with the free oligo-saccharide chain of GM3(NeuGc) and then strongly bound to colloidal gold thus obtaining the gold-glyconanoparticles.
Baryonecrosis: Displaced Vertices from $R$-Parity Violation
Creators: name: Barry, Kurt
name: Graham, Peter W.
name: Rajendran, Surjeet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The LHC has placed stringent limits on superpartner masses, in conflict with naturalness. R-parity violation is one of the few scenarios that allows reduction of these limits and is thus worth significant exploration at the LHC. We demonstrate that if the R-parity violating operator UDD is used, we generically expect all SUSY events at the LHC to have displaced vertices. If a squark is the LSP, it will have a short displaced vertex. If any other particle is the LSP, the displaced vertex is naturally expected to be quite long, possibly even outside the detectors. These scenarios are already constrained by existing searches for missing energy. This arises because this operator efficiently washes-out the baryon asymmetry in the early universe, unless the squarks are heavy and the coupling is small. Avoiding displaced vertices is possible, but requires baryogenesis below the weak scale. Thus, for example, the use of sphalerons in baryogenesis does not avoid the requirement of displaced vertices. This motivates searching for hadronic displaced vertices at the LHC with decay lengths anywhere from tens of microns to meters.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables