cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Gene expression response to a nematode parasite in novel and native eel hosts
Creators: name: Bracamonte, Seraina E.
name: Johnston, Paul R.
name: Monaghan, Michael T.
name: Knopf, Klaus
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Anguilla anguilla
subject: Anguilla japonica
subject: Anguillicola crassus
subject: comparative transcriptomics
subject: emerging infectious disease
subject: host‐parasite interaction
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::576 Genetik und Evolution

description: Invasive parasites are involved in population declines of new host species worldwide. The high susceptibilities observed in many novel hosts have been attributed to the lack of protective immunity to the parasites which native hosts acquired during their shared evolution. We experimentally infected Japanese eels (Anguilla japonica) and European eels (Anguilla anguilla) with Anguillicola crassus, a nematode parasite that is native to the Japanese eel and invasive in the European eel. We inferred gene expression changes in head kidney tissue from both species, using RNA‐seq data to determine the responses at two time points during the early stages of infection (3 and 23 days postinfection). At both time points, the novel host modified the expression of a larger and functionally more diverse set of genes than the native host. Strikingly, the native host regulated immune gene expression only at the earlier time point and to a small extent while the novel host regulated these genes at both time points. A low number of differentially expressed immune genes, especially in the native host, suggest that a systemic immune response was of minor importance during the early stages of infection. Transcript abundance of genes involved in cell respiration was reduced in the novel host which may affect its ability to cope with harsh conditions and energetically demanding activities. The observed gene expression changes in response to a novel parasite that we observed in a fish follow a general pattern observed in amphibians and mammals, and suggest that the disruption of physiological processes, rather than the absence of an immediate immune response, is responsible for the higher susceptibility of the novel host.
Diagonalization of quasi-uniform tridiagonal matrices
Creators: name: Banchi, Leonardo
name: Vaia, Ruggero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The task of analytically diagonalizing a tridiagonal matrix can be considerably simplified when a part of the matrix is uniform. Such quasi-uniform matrices occur in several physical contexts, both classical and quantum, where one-dimensional interactions prevail. These include magnetic chains, 1D arrays of Josephson junctions or of quantum dots, boson and fermion hopping models, random walks, and so on. In such systems the bulk interactions are uniform, and differences may occur around the boundaries of the arrays. Since in the uniform case the spectrum consists of a band, we exploit the bulk uniformity of quasi-uniform tridiagonal matrices in order to express the spectral problem in terms of a variation of the distribution of eigenvalues in the band and of the corresponding eigenvectors. In the limit of large matrices this naturally leads to a deformation of the density of states which can be expressed analytically; a few out-of-band eigenvalues can show up and have to be accounted for separately. The general procedure is illustrated with some examples.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Eine latènezeitliche Bronzefibel aus Dörverden, Kr. Verden
Creators: name: Schünemann, Detlef
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 37 (1968): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Der sächsische Urnenfriedhof von Issendorf, Kr. Stade
Creators: name: Janssen, Walter
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 37 (1968): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
A neural mechanism for contextualizing fragmented inputs during naturalistic vision
Creators: name: Kaiser, Daniel
name: Turini, Jacopo
name: Cichy, Radoslaw M.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: neuroscience
subject: visual perception
subject: scene representation
subject: real-world structure
subject: FMRI/EEG
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::158 Angewandte Psychologie

description: With every glimpse of our eyes, we sample only a small and incomplete fragment of the visual world, which needs to be contextualized and integrated into a coherent scene representation. Here we show that the visual system achieves this contextualization by exploiting spatial schemata, that is our knowledge about the composition of natural scenes. We measured fMRI and EEG responses to incomplete scene fragments and used representational similarity analysis to reconstruct their cortical representations in space and time. We observed a sorting of representations according to the fragments' place within the scene schema, which occurred during perceptual analysis in the occipital place area and within the first 200 ms of vision. This schema-based coding operates flexibly across visual features (as measured by a deep neural network model) and different types of environments (indoor and outdoor scenes). This flexibility highlights the mechanism's ability to efficiently organize incoming information under dynamic real-world conditions.
Ein Urnenfriedhof der vorrömischen Eisenzeit in Emmerstedt, K. Helmstedt
Creators: name: Niquet, Franz
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 37 (1968): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Components of multifractality in the Central England Temperature anomaly series
Creators: name: de Souza, Jeferson
name: Queiros, Silvio M. Duarte
name: Grimm, Alice M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the multifractal nature of the Central England Temperature (CET) anomaly, a time series that spans more than 200 years. The series is analyzed as a complete data set and considering a sliding window of 11 years. In both cases, we quantify the broadness of the multifractal spectrum as well as its components defined by the deviations from the Gaussian distribution and the influence of the dependence between measurements. The results show that the chief contribution to the multifractal structure comes from the dynamical dependencies, mainly the weak ones, followed by a residual contribution of the deviations from Gaussianity. However, using the sliding window, we verify that the spikes in the non-Gaussian contribution occur at very close dates associated with climate changes determined in previous works by component analysis methods. Moreover, the strong non-Gaussian contribution found in the multifractal measures from the 1960s onwards is in agreement with global results very recently proposed in the literature.
description: 21 pages, 10 figures
Mobility of cattle in the Iron Age and Roman Netherlands
Creators: name: Groot, Maaike
name: Evans, Jane
name: Albarella, Umberto
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mobility
subject: Strontium isotope analysis
subject: Cattle
subject: Iron Age
subject: Roman period
subject: Netherlands
subject: 900 Geschichte und Geografie::930 Geschichte des Altertums (bis ca. 499), Archäologie::936 Geschichte Europas nördlich und westlich von Italien bis ca. 499

description: 87Sr/86Sr isotope analysis was performed on 45 cattle teeth, 5 sheep/goat teeth and 2 pig teeth from two archaeological sites in the Netherlands, dating to the Iron Age and Roman period. This makes it one of the largest strontium isotope projects focusing on animals from the Netherlands - to date. An integrated approach was taken, combining the strontium results with those from archaeology and zooarchaeology. Mobility of cattle in the Iron Age is demonstrated for five of the 23 analysed samples from the rural settlement of Houten-Castellum by strontium isotope analysis. Three animals travelled over considerable distances (over 150 km) to Houten and oxygen and carbon stable isotope values support a non-local origin for one of these animals. There is little evidence for incoming animals at this site during the Roman period with only one animal recording a non-local strontium isotope signature. In contrast, strontium isotopes indicate at least four different geographic origins for livestock in the Roman town of Heerlen, with none of the cattle being local. The results highlight the differing behaviour in the two sites. Whereas for a rural settlement like Houten, the Iron Age influx of animals might be explained by gift exchange, trade or cattle raids, it is likely that the flow of traded livestock during the Roman Period would go from rural settlement to towns and army camps. Heerlen represented the destination of animals derived from the surrounding areas to supply an active Roman town.
CASUÍSMOS CONSTITUCIONAIS - VELHAS PRÁTICAS
Creators: name: Santana, José Cláudio Pavão
Publisher: name: Zenodo - Cadernos da Pena do Pavao
Year: 2023

description: Ano 05 – n. 04/2017
O país envolto em escândalos. Homens da República (embora não, de República) mergulhados em práticas velhas da política brasileira: a corrupção.
O público e o privado se misturam com uma naturalidade que os mandatários da nação (falo dos envolvidos) se põem a defender o indefensável! A escolha da vida pública exige recato, mas, sobretudo, responsabilidade com a coisa pública. Deve ser assim na República, deve ser assim na Monarquia Constitucional. Sempre a "res" é pública.
Backreaction: Gauge and Frame Dependences
Creators: name: Brown, Iain A.
name: Latta, Joey
name: Coley, Alan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cosmological backreaction from perturbations is clearly gauge-dependent, and obviously depends on the choice of averaged Hubble rate. We consider two common choices of Hubble rate and advocate the use of comoving volume-preserving gauges. We highlight two examples valid to an appropriate order in perturbation theory, uniform curvature gauge, which is as close to volume-preserving as possible, and a spatially-traceless uniform cold dark matter gauge which preserves the volume to linear order. We demonstrate the strong gauge- and frame-dependences in averaging. In traceless uniform CDM gauge the backreaction exhibits a strong ultra-violet divergence and can be tuned to an arbitrary magnitude with an appropriate choice of smoothing scale. In uniform curvature gauge we find that for a choice of Hubble rate locked to the spatial surface the backreaction vanishes identically, while for a Hubble rate defined from a fluid's expansion scalar the effective energy density at the current epoch in an Einstein-de Sitter universe is Omega_eff~5e-4, slightly bigger than but in broad agreement with previous results in conformal Newtonian gauge.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures. Replaced with version published in PRD
Synthesis, Electronic Properties and OLED Devices of Chromophores Based on lambda(5)-Phosphinines
Creators: name: Pfeifer, Gregor
name: Chahdoura, Faouzi
name: Papke, Martin
name: Weber, Manuela
name: Szucs, Rozsa
name: Geffroy, Bernard
name: Tondelier, Denis
name: Nyulaszi, Laszlo
name: Hissler, Muriel
name: Müller, Christian Christian
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: DFT calculations
subject: heterocycles
subject: OLEDs
subject: phosphinines
subject: pi systems
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: A new series of 2,4,6‐triaryl‐λ5‐phosphinines have been synthesized that contain different substituents both on the carbon backbone and the phosphorus atom of the six‐membered heterocycle. Their optical and redox properties were studied in detail, supported by in‐depth theoretical calculations. The modularity of the synthetic strategy allowed the establishment of structure–property relationships for this class of compounds and an OLED based on a blue phosphinine emitter could be developed for the first time.
Gravitational self-force and the effective-one-body formalism between the innermost stable circular orbit and the light ring
Creators: name: Akcay, Sarp
name: Barack, Leor
name: Damour, Thibault
name: Sago, Norichika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the conservative piece of the gravitational self-force (GSF) acting on a particle of mass m_1 as it moves along an (unstable) circular geodesic orbit between the innermost stable circular orbit (ISCO) and the light ring of a Schwarzschild black hole of mass m_2>> m_1. More precisely, we construct the function h_{uu}(x) = h_{μν} u^μ u^ν (related to Detweiler's gauge-invariant "redshift" variable), where h_{μν} is the regularized metric perturbation in the Lorenz gauge, u^μ is the four-velocity of m_1, and x= [Gc^{-3}(m_1+m_2)Ω]^{2/3} is an invariant coordinate constructed from the orbital frequency Ω. In particular, we explore the behavior of h_{uu} just outside the "light ring" at x=1/3, where the circular orbit becomes null. Using the recently discovered link between h_{uu} and the piece a(u), linear in the symmetric mass ratio ν, of the main radial potential A(u,ν) of the Effective One Body (EOB) formalism, we compute a(u) over the entire domain 0
description: 44 pages, 8 figures. Extended discussion in Section V and minor typographical corrections throughout. Version to be published in PRD
Concentration and chemical form of dietary zinc shape the porcine colon microbiome, its functional capacity and antibiotic resistance gene repertoire
Creators: name: Pieper, Robert
name: Dadi, Temesgen H.
name: Pieper, Laura
name: Vahjen, Wilfried
name: Franke, Andre
name: Reinert, Knut
name: Zentek, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: bacterial communities
subject: organic forms
subject: weaning pigs
subject: in-vitro
subject: oxide
subject: bioavailability
subject: accumulation
subject: metallothionein
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Despite a well-documented effect of high dietary zinc oxide on the pig intestinal microbiota composition less is it yet known about changes in microbial functional properties or the effect of organic zinc sources. Forty weaning piglets in four groups were fed diets supplemented with 40 or 110 ppm zinc as zinc oxide, 110 ppm as Zn-Lysinate, or 2500 ppm as zinc oxide. Host zinc homeostasis, intestinal zinc fractions, and ileal nutrient digestibility were determined as main nutritional and physiological factors putatively driving colon microbial ecology. Metagenomic sequencing of colon microbiota revealed only clear differences at genus level for the group receiving 2500 ppm zinc oxide. However, a clear group differentiation according to dietary zinc concentration and source was observed at species level. Functional analysis revealed significant differences in genes related to stress response, mineral, and carbohydrate metabolism. Taxonomic and functional gene differences were accompanied with clear effects in microbial metabolite concentration. Finally, a selection of certain antibiotic resistance genes by dietary zinc was observed. This study sheds further light onto the consequences of concentration and chemical form of dietary zinc on microbial ecology measures and the resistome in the porcine colon.
Ecological Engineering of Photoorganoheterotrophic Microalgal Mixed Cultures to Valorise Cheese Whey
Creators: name: Giulianetti de Almeida, Maria Paula
name: Mondini, Camille
name: Khayat, Saman
name: Mockaitis, Gustavo
name: Gregor Weissbrodt, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 400410
subject: Wastewater treatment processes

description: Fossil fuels must be replaced by environmentally and economically sustainable, carbon-neutral fuels like microalgae-derived biofuel. Several challenges hamper the commercialization of biofuel production from microalgae. Although the feasibility of mass cultivation of microalgae under different trophic growth modes has been shown at lab scale, process design, scale-up and optimization necessitate mathematical models enabling a mechanistic understanding of process phenomena. Light integration in models of photobioprocesses remain a challenge, notably from the bioenergetics and stoichiometry perspective. We built a comprehensive predictive mathematical model to investigate and support the production of triacylglycerol lipid-containing microalgal biomass from cheese whey (a massive residue of the dairy industry world-wide) in open mixed-culture biotechnologies. The mixotrophic metabolism of microalgae was deeply studied from intracellular to extracellular constraints, such as phototrophic growth thermodynamics, triacylglycerol and poly-carbohydrate synthesis and degradation pathways, and light/dark regime shifts. A black-box model was built by (i) deriving stoichiometry coefficients of microalgae metabolism using compound and bioenergetic balances; (ii) formulating rate equations of components using kinetics parameters and estimated stoichiometry coefficients; and (iii) implementing ordinary differential equations in the photobioreactor and solving in Matlab®. The model integrated non-axenic regimes to capture process conditions associated with microbial competition with chemoorganoheterotrophic and chemolithoautotrophic bacteria. We inferred that applying periodic cycles of organic feast under light (36 h) and starvation in the dark (12 h) on a 2 days basis in a continuous-flow photobioreactor fed by raw cheese whey results in a high-grade enrichment of microalgae outcompeting chemotrophs and in volumetric productivity of triacylglycerol of 83 mol d-1 m -3 . This highlights the possibility of selecting for a triacylglycerol-containing mixotrophic microalgal biomass to valorize cheese whey in a mixed-culture photobioreactor operated with light control. The model facilitates experimental, and process designs and optimization toward commercializing massive industrial-scale production of microalgae-derived biofuel at lower costs via non-axenic mixed-culture biotechnology.
Tests for exponentiality against NBUE alternatives: a Monte Carlo comparison
Creators: name: Anis, M. Z.
name: Basu, Kinjal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62G10, 62G20, 90B25

description: Testing of various classes of life distributions has been addressed in the literature for more than 45 years. In this paper, we consider the problem of testing exponentiality (which essentially implies no ageing) against positive ageing which is captured by the fairly large class of new better than used in expectation (NBUE) distributions. These tests of exponentiality against NBUE alternatives are discussed and compared. The empirical size of the tests is obtained by simulations. Power comparisons for different popular alternatives are done using Monte Carlo simulations. These comparisons are made for both small and large sample sizes. The paper concludes with a discussion in which suggestions are made regarding the choices of the test when a particular alternative is suspected.
Pathways from Child Sexual and Physical Abuse to Sexual and Physical Intimate Partner Violence Victimization through Attitudes toward Intimate Partner Violence
Creators: name: Schuster, Isabell
name: Tomaszewska, Paulina
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Child abuse
subject: Intimate partner violence
subject: Attitudes toward intimate partner violence
subject: Gender
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: Although many studies have shown that victims of child abuse have an increased vulnerability to revictimization in intimate relationships, the underlying mechanisms are not yet sufficiently well understood. Therefore, this study aimed at examining this relationship for both sexual and physical forms of violence as well as investigating the potential mediating role of attitudes toward sexual and physical intimate partner violence (IPV). Also, the potential moderating role of gender was explored. Sexual and physical child abuse and IPV victimization in adulthood as well as attitudes toward the respective form of IPV were assessed among 716 participants (448 female) in an online survey. The path analyses showed that child sexual abuse was positively linked to sexual IPV victimization among both women and men, whereas child physical abuse was positively associated with physical IPV victimization among women only. Furthermore, the relationship between both forms of child abuse and IPV victimization was mediated through more supportive attitudes toward the respective forms of IPV, but only among men. This study provides novel insights regarding the links between sexual and physical child abuse and revictimization in adulthood, suggesting that supporting attitudes toward IPV may be seen as vulnerability factor for revictimization. The moderating role of gender is especially discussed.
Models of hydrostatic magnetar atmospheres at high luminosities
Creators: name: van Putten, T.
name: Watts, A. L.
name: D'Angelo, C. R.
name: Baring, M. G.
name: Kouveliotou, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the possibility of Photospheric Radius Expansion (PRE) during magnetar bursts. Identification of PRE would enable a determination of the magnetic Eddington limit (which depends on field strength and neutron star mass and radius), and shed light on the burst mechanism. To do this we model hydrostatic atmospheres in a strong radial magnetic field, determining both their maximum extent and photospheric temperatures. We find that spatially-extended atmospheres cannot exist in such a field configuration: typical maximum extent for magnetar-strength fields is ~10 m (as compared to 200 km in the non-magnetic case). Achieving balance of gravitational and radiative forces over a large range of radii, which is critical to the existence of extended atmospheres, is rendered impossible in strong fields due to the dependence of opacities on temperature and field strength. We conclude that high luminosity bursts in magnetars do not lead to expansion and cooling of the photosphere, as in the non-magnetic case. We also find the maximum luminosity that can propagate through a hydrostatic magnetar atmosphere to be lower than previous estimates. The proximity and small extent of the photospheres associated with the two different polarization modes also calls into question the interpretation of two blackbody fits to magnetar burst spectra as being due to extended photospheres.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 14 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables
Blind spots in global soil biodiversity and ecosystem function research
Creators: name: Guerra, Carlos A.
name: Heintz-Buschart, Anna
name: Sikorski, Johannes
name: Chatzinotas, Antonis
name: Guerrero-Ramirez, Nathaly
name: Cesarz, Simone
name: Beaumelle, Lea
name: Rillig, Matthias C.
name: Maestre, Fernando T.
name: Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: climate-change mitigation
subject: microbial communities
subject: plant diversity
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::577 Ökologie

description: Soils harbor a substantial fraction of the world’s biodiversity, contributing to many crucial ecosystem functions. It is thus essential to identify general macroecological patterns related to the distribution and functioning of soil organisms to support their conservation and consideration by governance. These macroecological analyses need to represent the diversity of environmental conditions that can be found worldwide. Here we identify and characterize existing environmental gaps in soil taxa and ecosystem functioning data across soil macroecological studies and 17,186 sampling sites across the globe. These data gaps include important spatial, environmental, taxonomic, and functional gaps, and an almost complete absence of temporally explicit data. We also identify the limitations of soil macroecological studies to explore general patterns in soil biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships, with only 0.3% of all sampling sites having both information about biodiversity and function, although with different taxonomic groups and functions at each site. Based on this information, we provide clear priorities to support and expand soil macroecological research.
Self-accelerating Massive Gravity: Time for Field Fluctuations
Creators: name: Wyman, Mark
name: Hu, Wayne
name: Gratia, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ghost-free theory of massive gravity has exact solutions where the effective stress energy generated by the graviton mass term is a cosmological constant for any isotropic metric. Since they are exact, these solutions mimic a cosmological constant in the presence of any matter-induced isotropic metric perturbation. In the Stueckelberg formulation, this stress energy is carried entirely by the spatial Stueckelberg field. We show that any stress energy carried by fluctuations in the spatial field away from the exact solution always decays away in an expanding universe. However, the dynamics of the spatial Stueckelberg field perturbation depend on the background temporal Stueckelberg field, which is equivalent to the unitary gauge time coordinate. This dependence resolves an apparent conflict in the existing literature by showing that there is a special unitary time choice for which the field dynamics and energy density perturbations vanish identically. In general, the isotropic system has a single dynamical degree of freedom requiring two sets of initial data; however, only one of these initial data choices will affect the observable metric. Finally, we construct cosmological solutions with a well-defined perturbative initial value formulation and comment on alternate solutions that evolve to singularities.
description: 11 pages, no figures. v2: two typos corrected, one in appendix to match PRD version, another in Eqn. 40
M. Breunlich, M. Mader (Hg.), Karl Graf von Zinzendorf. Aus den Jugendtagebüchern 1747, 1752 bis 1763, 1997
Creators: name: Lebeau, C.
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: -
description: Francia, Bd. 26 Nr. 2 (1999)
Early-Career Complexity Before and After Labour-Market Deregulation in Italy: Heterogeneity by Gender and Socio-economic Status Across Cohorts
Creators: name: Struffolino, Emanuela
name: Raitano, Michele
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Labour market
subject: Youth
subject: Gender
subject: Education
subject: Flexibility
subject: Sequence analysis
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::301 Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: Labour-market deregulation may have generated more unstable and complex employment life courses. As exposure to highly volatile early-career trajectories has long-lasting consequences for the working lives of individuals, it is especially important to consider how these processes have affected younger workers in countries like Italy. Here, deregulation ‘at the margins’ of the labour market has been characterized by a strong age divide and has exacerbated the separation between insiders and outsiders. We contrast the individualization of risk perspective with the persistent inequality hypothesis by looking at differentials by gender and socio-economic status in the degree of early-career complexity of workers who entered the labour market before and after deregulation. The use of an innovative longitudinal dataset (AD-SILC) which combines administrative records on employment episodes and survey data on individuals’ socio-economic characteristics allows this study to apply advanced methods in sequence analysis to calculate the complexity of 7-year-long early career trajectories. Complexity is measured by considering the number of transitions between employment states and the length of each episode. We find that early-career complexity increased across cohorts, especially for those more exposed to deregulation. Against the scenario of a generalized increase in labour market dualization, this non-linear dynamic especially affected medium and low-educated individuals and was particularly pronounced for women. Although our analytical strategy does not allow for a causal interpretation of mechanisms engendering the observed trends, this empirical evidence is highly relevant for the implication of changes in early career patterns across cohorts for stratification research.
A non-invasive soil-based setup to study tomato root volatiles released by healthy and infected roots
Creators: name: Gulati, Sneha
name: Ballhausen, Max-Bernhard
name: Kulkarni, Purva
name: Grosch, Rita
name: Garbeva, Paolina
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: fusarium-oxysporum
subject: mass-spectrometry
subject: organic-compounds
subject: plant
subject: growth
subject: identification
subject: germination
subject: attraction
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: The role of root exudates in mediating plant–microbe interactions has been well documented. However, the function of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by plant roots has only recently begun to attract attention. This newly recognized relevance of belowground VOCs has so far mostly been tested using systems limited to a two-compartment Petri-dish design. Furthermore, many of the plant–microbe interaction studies have only investigated the effects of microbial VOCs on plant growth. Here, we go two steps further. First we investigated the volatile profile of healthy and pathogen (Fusarium oxysporum) infected tomato roots grown in soil. We then used a unique soil-based olfactometer-choice assay to compare the migration pattern of four beneficial bacteria (Bacillus spp.) towards the roots of the tomato plants. We demonstrate that the blend of root-emitted VOCs differs between healthy and diseased plants. Our results show that VOCs are involved in attracting bacteria to plant roots.
Action sound-shape congruencies explain sound symbolism
Creators: name: Margiotoudi, Konstantina
name: Pulvermüller, Friedemann
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: language
subject: correspondences
subject: synaesthesia
subject: perception
subject: evolution
subject: speech
subject: time
subject: 400 Sprache::410 Linguistik::410 Linguistik

description: Sound symbolism, the surprising semantic relationship between meaningless pseudowords (e.g., ‘maluma’, ‘takete’) and abstract (round vs. sharp) shapes, is a hitherto unexplained human-specific knowledge domain. Here we explore whether abstract sound symbolic links can be explained by those between the sounds and shapes of bodily actions. To this end, we asked human subjects to match pseudowords with abstract shapes and, in a different experimental block, the sounds of actions with the shapes of the trajectories of the actions causing these same sounds. Crucially, both conditions were also crossed. Our findings reveal concordant matching in the sound symbolic and action domains, and, importantly, significant correlations between them. We conclude that the sound symbolic knowledge interlinking speech sounds and abstract shapes is explained by audiovisual information immanent to action experience along with acoustic similarities between speech and action sounds. These results demonstrate a fundamental role of action knowledge for abstract sound symbolism, which may have been key to human symbol-manipulation ability.
The nature of the ordered phase of the confined self-assembled rigid rod model
Creators: name: Almarza, N. G.
name: Tavares, J. M.
name: da Gama, M. M. Telo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the nature of the ordered phase and the orientational correlations between adjacent layers of the confined three-dimensional self-assembled rigid rod model, on the cubic lattice. We find that the ordered phase at finite temperatures becomes uniaxial in the thermodynamic limit, by contrast to the ground state (partial) order where the orientation of the uncorrelated layers is perpendicular to one of the three lattice directions. The increase of the orientational correlation between layers as the number of layers increases suggests that the unconfined model may also exhibit uniaxial ordering at finite temperatures.
description: 8 Pates, 10 Figures. Submitted to J. Chem. Phys.8 pages (10 figures)
Reliability, Validity and Responsiveness of the EQ-5D-5L in Assessing and Valuing Health Status in Adolescents and Young Adults with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: a Randomized Controlled Trail
Creators: name: Dams, Judith
name: Rimane, Eline
name: Steil, Regina
name: Renneberg, Babette
name: Rosner, Rita
name: König, Hans-Helmut
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Reliability
subject: Validity
subject: Responsiveness
subject: EQ5D
subject: Posttraumatic stress disorder
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: To validate the EQ-5D-5L health-related quality of life (HrQoL) questionnaire in adolescents and young adults with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after sexual and/or physical abuse. We used data from a randomized controlled trial of 87 participants with PTSD aged 14-21 years. The discriminative ability was evaluated by comparing participants scores on the descriptive system of the EQ-5D-5L with general population scores. Furthermore, the discriminative ability between subgroups of participants with different disease severity levels was estimated. Correlations between the EQ-5D index and clinical parameters were used to measure construct validity. Test-retest reliability was measured by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) between baseline, posttreatment and 3-month follow-up scores of participants with stable symptoms. Finally, the responsiveness of the EQ-5D was calculated by mean differences, effect sizes and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses for participants with improved symptoms. Participants reported significantly more problems on the dimensions "mobility", "usual activities", "pain/discomfort" and "anxiety/depression" than the general population. The EQ-5D-5L was able to discriminate between different disease severity levels. The EQ-5D index and clinical scales were significantly correlated with absolute values of correlation coefficients varying between 0.21 and 0.59. Furthermore, ICCs between 0.65 and 0.91 indicated good test-retest reliability for the EQ-5D index. The ICCs for the EQ-VAS between baseline and 3-month follow-up, and posttreatment and 3-month follow-up were statistically significant with 0.71 and 0.87, respectively, whereas the ICC between baseline and posttreatment was 0.08 and not statistically significant. Effect sizes to measure the responsiveness ranged between -0.008 and 0.40 for the EQ-5D index and - 0.32 and 0.40 for the EQ-VAS. Furthermore, the area under the curve in ROC analyses was between 0.40 and 0.64 for the EQ-5D index and 0.60 and 0.70 for the EQ-VAS. Discriminative ability, test-retest reliability and construct validity of the EQ-5D-5L were good, whereas the responsiveness was rather weak. Nevertheless, the EQ-5D-5L can be used to measure HrQoL in adolescents and young adults with PTSD. German Clinical Trials Register identifier: DRKS00004787; date of registration: 18th March 2013; https://www.drks.de
Rho-meson resonance broadening in QCD at finite temperature
Creators: name: Ayala, Alejandro
name: Dominguez, C. A.
name: Loewe, M.
name: Zhang, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermal Finite Energy QCD sum rules for the vector current correlator are used to study quark-gluon deconfinement. Assuming $ρ$-meson saturation of the correlator in the hadronic sector, and the Operator Product Expansion in QCD, we obtain the temperature behavior of the resonance parameters (coupling, mass, and width), and of the leading vacuum condensates, as well as the perturbative QCD threshold in the complex squared energy plane. The results are consistent with quark-gluon deconfinement at a critical temperature $T_c \simeq 197 MeV$. The temperature dependence of the $ρ$-meson width is of importance for current experiments on dimuon production in nuclear collisions.
The Transformative Power of Urban Arrival Infrastructures: Berlin's Refugio and Dong Xuan Center
Creators: name: Kreichauf, René
name: Rosenberger, Olivia
name: Strobel, Paul
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: commodification
subject: infrastructures of conversion
subject: local governance
subject: migration infrastructure
subject: mobility
subject: urban arrival
subject: 700 Künste und Unterhaltung::710 Landschaftsgestaltung, Raumplanung::710 Städtebau, Raumplanung, Landschaftsgestaltung

description: Migration researchers and urban scholars are increasingly applying infrastructural approaches to analyze the production and organization of urban spaces and migration. While transformative and transforming power seem to be inherent characteristics of infrastructures, studies to date have rarely emphasized this aspect, only placing minimal focus on its importance for understanding the constitution and development of infrastructures and for examining the mobility of migrants. In the current article, we study Berlin's Refugio, an alternative form of housing for forced migrants, and the city's Dong Xuan Center (DXC), a Vietnamese hypermarket. We argue that they not only represent infrastructures in which newcomers reach a city, and navigate their trajectories, as well as the obstacles, and opportunities of urban life, but they are also 'infrastructures of conversion' that transform material space and the people inhabiting them, and their entanglement with the city. While the DXC and Refugio emerged out of necessity, addressing the lack of economic (DXC) and housing (Refugio) opportunities, they have changed into cultural and economic hubs for migrant communities and beyond. On the one hand, these changes come with multilayered negotiation processes, revealing a complex interplay of interests, actors, and internal hierarchies within the DXC and Refugio. On the other hand, their transformation illustrates the influence of local planning authorities, institutions, and the pressure to culturally and economically exploit their social, spatial, and 'ethnic' characteristics. This mesh elucidates the diffuse position of both infrastructures in the urban realm. While their existence and future development is constantly challenged, they simultaneously represent political spaces that prompt institutional logics and questions of immigrant integration.
$WWZ/γ$ production in large extra dimensions model at LHC and ILC
Creators: name: Xiao-Zhou, Li
name: Peng-Fei, Duan
name: Wen-Gan, Ma
name: Ren-You, Zhang
name: Lei, Guo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effect induced by the Kaluza-Klein (KK) graviton in the $W^+W^-γ/Z$ production in the framework of the large extra dimensions (LED) model at both the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and the International Linear Collider (ILC). The integrated cross sections and various kinematic distributions in the LED model are presented and compared with those in the standard model. The results show that the contributions from KK-graviton exchange remarkably affect the observables of the triple gauge boson ($W^+W^-γ/Z$) production processes at both the ILC and the LHC, particularly either in the high transverse momentum region or in the central rapidity region. We also find that the relative LED discrepancy for the $W^+W^-γ/Z$ production at the LHC is generally larger than that at the ILC due to the additional LED contribution via $gg$ fusion subprocess and the KK-graviton exchanging resonant effect induced by the continuous large colliding energy in $pp$ collision. We conclude that the $W^{+}W^{-}γ$ and $W^{+}W^{-}Z$ productions at the LHC could have the distinct advantage over at the ILC from the aspect of effectively exploring the LED signal in measuring $W^+W^-γ/Z$ production.
description: 23 pages, 19 figures
Unravelling multi-level governance systems
Creators: name: Zürn, Michael
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: community
subject: dynamics
subject: multi-level governance
subject: scale
subject: types of MLG
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::320 Politikwissenschaft::320 Politikwissenschaft

description: One of the most important features of the multi-level governance research programme is the parallel conceptualisation of the vertical and the horizontal relationships within multi-level governance systems. Different systems of multi-level governance are characterised by the relationships between political institutions on the same level (Are there many task-specific organisations?) and by the relationship between different levels (On which level do we see political communities?). By conceptualising scale and community in a substitutive way as Hooghe and Marks in tendency do, some of the potentials are lost. I put forward the suggestion that treating the two dimensions as independent would allow for an even fuller picture of the dynamics of politics in multi-level governance systems.
A conceptual problem for non-commutative inflation and the new approach for non-relativistic inflationary equation of state
Creators: name: Machado, U. D.
name: Opher, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a previous paper, we connected the phenomenological non-commutative inflation of Alexander, Brandenberger and Magueijo (2003) and Koh S and Brandenberger (2007) with the formal representation theory of groups and algebras and analyzed minimal conditions that the deformed dispersion relation should satisfy in order to lead to a successful inflation. In that paper, we showed that elementary tools of algebra allow a group like procedure in which even Hopf algebras (roughly the symmetries of non-commutative spaces) could lead to the equation of state of inflationary radiation. In this paper, we show that there exists a conceptual problem with the kind of representation that leads to the fundamental equations of the model. The problem comes from an incompatibility between one of the minimal conditions for successful inflation (the momentum of individual photons is bounded from above) and the group structure of the representation which leads to the fundamental inflationary equations of state. We show that such a group structure, although mathematically allowed, would lead to problems with the overall consistency of physics, like in scattering theory, for example. Therefore, it follows that the procedure to obtain those equations should be modified according to one of two possible proposals that we consider here. One of them relates to the general theory of Hopf algebras while the other is based on a representation theorem of Von Neumann algebras, a proposal already suggested by us to take into account interactions in the inflationary equation of state. This reopens the problem of finding inflationary deformed dispersion relations and all developments which followed the first paper of Non-commutative Inflation.
description: Phys. Rev. D, 2013, in press
CENSOR CIBERNÉTICO
Creators: name: Santana, José Cláudio Pavão
Publisher: name: Zenodo - Cadernos da Pena do Pavao
Year: 2023

description: Ano 05 – n. 09/2019
Quando assistia televisão há algumas décadas atras sempre a programação era antecedida por uma tela congelada que apresentava uma nota da censura: Este programa foi liberado para (...) anos. Era sempre assim.