cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On Generalized Knot Groups
Creators: name: Lin, Xiao-Song
name: Nelson, Sam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M27; 20F65

description: Generalized knot groups G_n(K) were introduced first by Wada and Kelly independently. The classical knot group is the first one G_1(K) in this series of finitely presented groups. For each natural number n, G_1(K) is a subgroup of G_n(K) so the generalized knot groups can be thought of as extensions of the classical knot group. For the square knot SK and the granny knot GK, we have an isomorphism $G_1(SK)\cong G_1(GK)$. From the presentations of G_n(SK) and G_n(GK), for n>1, it seems unlikely that G_n(SK) and G_n(GK) would be isomorphic to each other. We are able to show that for many finite groups H, the numbers of homomorphisms from G_n(SK) and G_n(GK) to H, respectively, are the same. Moreover, the numbers of conjugacy classes of homomorphisms from G_n(SK) and G_n(GK) to H, respectively, are also the same. It remains a challenge to us to show, as we would like to conjecture, that G_n(SK) and G_n(GK) are not isomorphic to each other for all n>1.
description: 7 pages, to appear in J. Knot Theory Ramifications. Version 3 includes corrections to the section on counting homomorphisms to finite groups
THE CHANGING FACE OF FOOD RETAILING
Creators: name: Senauer, Benjamin
name: Seltzer, Jonathan M.
name: Senauer, Benjamin
name: Seltzer, Jonathan M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Food Retailing
subject: Food Trends
subject: Food Consumers
subject: Grocery Purchasing

description: Honorable Mention, Outstanding Choices Article Award, 2011
A physical study of upwelling flow dynamics in long canyons
Creators: name: Waterhouse, Amy Frances
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Long canyons are topographic features that are responsible for increased upwelling along coastal margins. Located between Vancouver Island and Washington State, Juan de Fuca Canyon is a long canyon that begins at the continental slope and continues into the Strait of Juan de Fuca. This canyon is a conduit for significant nutrient flux to the Strait of Juan de Fuca and has been associated with seasonal upwelling onto the shelf. A n eddy, visible at the surface, forms at the mouth of the Juan de Fuca Strait and is an area of increased plankton growth. A physical model of this canyon has been constructed in order to understand the upwelling dynamics i n long canyons. The physical model is spun up to an initial rotation rate and the flow is forced by increasing the rotation rate over the equivalent of several days. Flow visualization is used to determine the strength and location of upwelling, the strength of the deep canyon vorticity, and the deepest depth of upwelling. Two main stages of the flow are observed. The first stage involves increased upwelling on the shelf close to the canyon mouth. Horizontal isopycnals (represented by horizontal layers of dye) show increased stretching along the upstream wall of the canyon. The second stage of the flow is indicated by reduced upwelling and the formation of an eddy at the canyon mouth. The vorticity of this eddy is related to the side wall vorticity, as well as water column stretching. Parameters from previous short canyon experiments are replicated and show that long canyons have increased upwelling under similar conditions. The Rossby scale taken from previous short canyon experiments did not properly characterize the flow as separation was observed at the canyon mouth in all experimental runs.
Optical detection of electron spin dynamics driven by fast variations of a magnetic field: a simple method to measure $T_1$, $T_2$, and $T_2^*$ in semiconductors
Creators: name: Belykh, V. V.
name: Yakovlev, D. R.
name: Bayer, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a simple method for measuring the electron spin relaxation times $T_1$, $T_2$ and $T_2^*$ in semiconductors and demonstrate its exemplary application to $n$-type GaAs. Using an abrupt variation of the magnetic field acting on electron spins, we detect the spin evolution by measuring the Faraday rotation of a short laser pulse. Depending on the magnetic field orientation, this allows us to measure either the longitudinal spin relaxation time $T_1$ or the inhomogeneous transverse spin dephasing time $T_2^*$. In order to determine the homogeneous spin coherence time $T_2$, we apply a pulse of an oscillating radiofrequency (rf) field resonant with the Larmor frequency and detect the subsequent decay of the spin precession. The amplitude of the rf-driven spin precession is significantly enhanced upon additional optical pumping along the magnetic field.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Physical and Computational Scaling Issues in Lattice Boltzmann Simulations of Binary Fluid Mixtures
Creators: name: Cates, M. E.
name: Desplat, J. -C.
name: Stansell, P.
name: Wagner, A. J.
name: Stratford, K.
name: Adhikari, R.
name: Pagonabarraga, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe some scaling issues that arise when using lattice Boltzmann methods to simulate binary fluid mixtures -- both in the presence and in the absence of colloidal particles. Two types of scaling problem arise: physical and computational. Physical scaling concerns how to relate simulation parameters to those of the real world. To do this effectively requires careful physics, because (in common with other methods) lattice Boltzmann cannot fully resolve the hierarchy of length, energy and time scales that arise in typical flows of complex fluids. Care is needed in deciding what physics to resolve and what to leave unresolved, particularly when colloidal particles are present in one or both of two fluid phases. This influences steering of simulation parameters such as fluid viscosity and interfacial tension. When the physics is anisotropic (for example, in systems under shear) careful adaptation of the geometry of the simulation box may be needed; an example of this, relating to our study of the effect of colloidal particles on the Rayleigh-Plateau instability of a fluid cylinder, is described. The second and closely related set of scaling issues are computational in nature: how do you scale up simulations to very large lattice sizes? The problem is acute for systems undergoing shear flow. Here one requires a set of blockwise co-moving frames to the fluid, each connected to the next by a Lees-Edwards like boundary condition. These matching planes lead to small numerical errors whose cumulative effects can become severe; strategies for minimising such effects are discussed.
Additional file 1 of Comparison between minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis and open reduction-internal fixation for proximal humeral fractures: a meta-analysis based on 1050 individuals
Creators: name: Feilong Li
name: Xuqiang Liu
name: Fuqiang Wang
name: Zhiping Gu
name: Qianyuan Tao
name: Yao, Cong
name: Xuwen Luo
name: Nie, Tao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1. Full search strategy for Pubmed database.
Hybrid star HD 81817 accompanied by brown dwarf or substellar companion
Creators: name: Bang, Tae-Yang
name: Lee, Byeong-Cheol
name: Perdelwitz, V.
name: Jeong, Gwanghui
name: Han, Inwoo
name: Oh, Hyeong-Il
name: Park, Myeong-Gu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: HD 81817 is known as a hybrid star. Hybrid stars have both cool stellar wind properties and Ultraviolet (UV) or even X-ray emission features of highly ionized atoms in their spectra. A white dwarf companion has been suggested as the source of UV or X-ray features. HD 81817 has been observed since 2004 as a part of a radial velocity (RV) survey program to search for exoplanets around K giant stars using the Bohyunsan Observatory Echelle Spectrograph at the 1.8 m telescope of Bohyunsan Optical Astronomy Observatory in Korea. We obtained 85 RV measurements between 2004 and 2019 for HD 81817 and found two periodic RV variations. The amplitudes of RV variations are around 200 m s^-1, which are significantly lower than that expected from a closely orbiting white dwarf companion. Photometric data and relevant spectral lines were also analyzed to help determine the origin of the periodic RV variations. We conclude that 627.4-day RV variations are caused by intrinsic stellar activities such as long-term pulsations or rotational modulations of surface activities based on Hα equivalent width (EW) variations of a similar period. On the other hand, 1047.1-day periodic RV variations are likely to be caused by a brown dwarf or substellar companion, which is corroborated by a recent GAIA proper motion anomaly for HD 81817. The Keplerian fit yields a minimum mass of 27.1 M_Jup, a semimajor axis of 3.3 AU, and an eccentricity of 0.17 for the stellar mass of 4.3 M_sun for HD 81817. The inferred mass puts HD 81817 b in the brown dwarf desert.
Testing Lorentz invariance by use of vacuum and matter filled cavity resonators
Creators: name: Mueller, Holger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider tests of Lorentz invariance for the photon and fermion sector that use vacuum and matter-filled cavities. Assumptions on the wave-function of the electrons in crystals are eliminated from the underlying theory and accurate sensitivity coefficients (including some exceptionally large ones) are calculated for various materials. We derive the Lorentz-violating shift in the index of refraction n, which leads to additional sensitivity for matter-filled cavities ; and to birefringence in initially isotropic media. Using published experimental data, we obtain improved bounds on Lorentz violation for photons and electrons at levels of 10^-15 and below. We discuss implications for future experiments and propose a new Michelson-Morley type experiment based on birefringence in matter.
description: 15 pages, 8 tables
Additional file 1 of Exploring pathways to Hospital Care for Patients with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias in rural South Western Uganda
Creators: name: Kakongi, Nathan
name: Rukundo, Godfrey Zari
name: Bizu Gelaye
name: Wakida, Edith K.
name: Obua, Celestino
name: Elialilia S. Okello
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1. Interview guide used for data collection.
Curriculum learning for improved femur fracture classification: scheduling data with prior knowledge and uncertainty
Creators: name: Jiménez-Sánchez, Amelia
name: Mateus, Diana
name: Kirchhoff, Sonja
name: Kirchhoff, Chlodwig
name: Biberthaler, Peter
name: Navab, Nassir
name: Ballester, Miguel A. González
name: Piella, Gemma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An adequate classification of proximal femur fractures from X-ray images is crucial for the treatment choice and the patients' clinical outcome. We rely on the commonly used AO system, which describes a hierarchical knowledge tree classifying the images into types and subtypes according to the fracture's location and complexity. In this paper, we propose a method for the automatic classification of proximal femur fractures into 3 and 7 AO classes based on a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). As it is known, CNNs need large and representative datasets with reliable labels, which are hard to collect for the application at hand. In this paper, we design a curriculum learning (CL) approach that improves over the basic CNNs performance under such conditions. Our novel formulation reunites three curriculum strategies: individually weighting training samples, reordering the training set, and sampling subsets of data. The core of these strategies is a scoring function ranking the training samples. We define two novel scoring functions: one from domain-specific prior knowledge and an original self-paced uncertainty score. We perform experiments on a clinical dataset of proximal femur radiographs. The curriculum improves proximal femur fracture classification up to the performance of experienced trauma surgeons. The best curriculum method reorders the training set based on prior knowledge resulting into a classification improvement of 15%. Using the publicly available MNIST dataset, we further discuss and demonstrate the benefits of our unified CL formulation for three controlled and challenging digit recognition scenarios: with limited amounts of data, under class-imbalance, and in the presence of label noise. The code of our work is available at: https://github.com/ameliajimenez/curriculum-learning-prior-uncertainty.
description: Medical Image Analysis
Additional file 1 of How feasible is it to abandon statistical significance? A reflection based on a short survey
Creators: name: Diaz-Quijano, Fredi Alexander
name: Calixto, Fernando Morelli
name: Silva, José Mário Nunes Da
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Questionnaire. Survey regarding the recommendation for retiring the statistical significance from scientific publications.
Lessons Learned from the Phase-out of the MFA: Moving from Managed Distortion to Managed Distortion
Creators: name: Hudson, Darren
name: Ethridge, Don E.
name: Mutuc, Maria Erlinda M.
name: Hudson, Darren
name: Ethridge, Don E.
name: Mutuc, Maria Erlinda M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Production Economics
subject: MFA
subject: textile and clothing
subject: trade

description: While the elimination of the Multifibre Arrangement (MFA) was presumed to be a net global benefit because it represented an elimination of a distortionary set of trade agreements, it was based on the assumption that the underlying global trading regime was based on free trade principles. However, due to the trading pattern that has emerged after the MFA and its unintended consequences – with production infrastructure and trading rules based on distortionary incentives so entrenched into the system – the global trading regime after the elimination of quotas is still far short of free.
Aharonov-Bohm effect for bound states in the cosmic string spacetime in the context of rainbow gravity
Creators: name: Bakke, K.
name: Mota, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore a scenario of the general relativity determined by the framework of the rainbow gravity with the purpose of searching for analogues of the Aharonov-Bohm effect. By focusing on the confinement of the Dirac field and the scalar field to a hard-wall confining potential in a modified background of the cosmic string spacetime, we examine the effects of the rainbow gravity and the topology of the cosmic string spacetime. Then, we compare each spectrum of energy with the cases where the rainbow gravity is absent.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures
Ties that Bind: The Kin System as a Mechanism of Income-Hiding between Spouses in Rural Ghana
Creators: name: Castilla, Carolina
name: Castilla, Carolina
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: International Development
subject: incomplete information
subject: income hiding
subject: non-cooperative family bargaining

description: I present a simple model of intra-household allocation between spouses to show that when the quantity of resources available to the household is not perfectly observed by both spouses, hiding of income can occur even when revelation of the additional resources increases bargaining power. From the model, a test to identify income hiding empirically is derived. For the empirical application, a household survey conducted in Southern Ghana is used. I exploit the variation in the degree of asymmetric information between spouses, measured as the difference between the husband’s own reporting of farm sales and the wife’s reporting of his farm sales, to test whether the allocation of resources is consistent with hiding. For identification, the wife’s clan and the husband’s bride-wealth payments upon marriage are used as instruments for asymmetric information. My findings indicate that allocations are suggestive of men hiding farm sales income in the form of gifts to extended family members, which are not closely monitored. It is unclear whether hiding has negative consequences in the long run because hiding occurs in the form of gifts, instead of expenditure in alcohol or tobacco. If the gifts represent a form of risk-sharing, then these gifts will return to the household in the future, and hiding is not necessarily inefficient. However, if these gifts are motivated by social pressure then hiding can result on poverty traps caused by kin system. The wife’s response is also suggestive of hiding. As information asymmetries increase, she reduces her expenditure in non-essential items, such as prepared foods and oil, but increases personal spending. Expenditure in oil is one of the main sources of calories among poor households in the region.
Decoupled Programs, Payment Incidence, and Factor Markets: Evidence from Market Experiments
Creators: name: Bastian, Christopher T.
name: Nagler, Amy M.
name: Menkhaus, Dale J.
name: Ehmke, Mariah D.
name: Whitaker, James B.
name: Young, C. Edwin
name: Bastian, Christopher T.
name: Nagler, Amy M.
name: Menkhaus, Dale J.
name: Ehmke, Mariah D.
name: Whitaker, James B.
name: Young, C. Edwin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: laboratory market experiments
subject: agricultural subsidies
subject: subsidy incidence
subject: land market
subject: ex ante policy analysis

description: We use laboratory market experiments to assess the impact of asymmetric knowledge of a per-unit subsidy and the effect of a decoupled annual income subsidy on factor market outcomes. Results indicate that when the subsidy is tied to the factor as a per-unit subsidy, regardless of full or asymmetric knowledge for market participants, subsidized factor buyers distribute nearly 22 percent of the subsidy to factor sellers. When the subsidy is fully decoupled from the factor, as is the case with the annual payment, payment incidence is mitigated and prices are not statistically different from the no-policy treatment.
Heavy $Ω_c$ and $Ω_b$ baryons in the quark model
Creators: name: Ortiz-Pacheco, E.
name: Bijker, R.
name: Giachino, A.
name: Santopinto, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this contribution, we present a study of ground- and excited-state $Ω_c$ and $Ω_b$ baryons consisting of two strange quarks and a heavy charm or bottom quark. An analysis in the quark model shows that the recently observed excited $Ω_c$ and $Ω_b$ states can be interpreted in terms of $λ$-mode excitations.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables, invited talk, XLII Symposium on Nuclear Physics, Cocoyoc, Mexico, January 6-9, 2020, to be published in J. Phys. Conf. Ser
Diffusion of Bt Cotton in India: Impact of Seed Prices and Technological Development
Creators: name: Arora, Anchal
name: Bansal, Sangeeta
name: Arora, Anchal
name: Bansal, Sangeeta
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Diffusion of technology
subject: Bt cotton
subject: Seed price interventions
subject: Technological development.

description: Recent studies in the literature examining impact of government seed price intervention on adoption of Bt cotton get different results depending on the specifics of the situation analyzed. According to one study, reduction in seed prices enables farmers to buy seeds at lower prices and this can result in surge of area sown under Bt cotton. The other view holds that seed price interventions have little impact on the adoption rates rather these interventions may adversely affect firms’ incentives to innovate. Which of the two views characterize adoption of Bt cotton in India? Using three variations of dynamic logistic model, this paper analyzes the impact of certain economic factors like seed prices, technological development, and cotton prices on the diffusion of Bt cotton in India. It uses panel data set covering 9 major cotton growing states over the years 2002 to 2008 and finds that although seed prices were significant in impacting the diffusion rates, its impact was limited. The study also sheds light on the significance of technological development in impacting diffusion rates.
title: Rábano Oleaginoso :
title: Directrices para la ejecución del examen de la distinción, la homogeneidad y la estabilidad.
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: International Union For The Protection Of New Varieties Of Plants,
Publisher: name: International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants,
Year: 0
Subjects: Fodder Raddish
Group identity.
New Varieties of Plants

description: La finalidad de estas directrices (“directrices de examen”) es elaborar los principios que figuran en la Introducción General (documento TG/1/3) y sus documentos TGP conexos, con objeto de que sirvan de orientación práctica y detallada para el examen armonizado de la distinción, homogeneidad y estabilidad (DHE) y en particular, para identificar los caracteres apropiados para el examen DHE y producir descripciones armonizadas de variedades.
Multimode storage of quantum microwave fields in electron spins over 100 ms
Creators: name: Ranjan, V.
name: O'Sullivan, J.
name: Albertinale, E.
name: Albanese, B.
name: Chanelière, T.
name: Schenkel, T.
name: Vion, D.
name: Esteve, D.
name: Flurin, E.
name: Morton, J. J. L.
name: Bertet, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A long-lived multi-mode qubit register is an enabling technology for modular quantum computing architectures. For interfacing with superconducting qubits, such a quantum memory should be able to store incoming quantum microwave fields at the single-photon level for long periods of time, and retrieve them on-demand. Here, we demonstrate the partial absorption of a train of weak microwave fields in an ensemble of bismuth donor spins in silicon, their storage for 100 ms, and their retrieval, using a Hahn-echo-like protocol. The long storage time is obtained by biasing the bismuth donors at a clock transition. Phase coherence and quantum statistics are preserved in the storage.
description: 11 pages including Supplementary
Kramers-Kronig constrained variational analysis of optical spectra
Creators: name: Kuzmenko, A. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A universal method of extraction of the complex dielectric function $ε(ω)=ε_{1}(ω)+iε_{2}(ω)$ from experimentally accessible optical quantities is developed. The central idea is that $ε_{2}(ω)$ is parameterized independently at each node of a properly chosen anchor frequency mesh, while $ε_{1}(ω)$ is dynamically coupled to $ε_{2}(ω)$ by the Kramers-Kronig (KK) transformation. This approach can be regarded as a limiting case of the multi-oscillator fitting of spectra, when the number of oscillators is of the order of the number of experimental points. In the case of the normal-incidence reflectivity from a semi-infinite isotropic sample the new method gives essentially the same result as the conventional KK transformation of reflectivity. In contrast to the conventional approaches, the proposed technique is applicable, without readaptation, to virtually all types of linear-response optical measurements, or arbitrary combinations of measurements, such as reflectivity, transmission, ellipsometry {\it etc.}, done on different types of samples, including thin films and anisotropic crystals.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 1 of Discovery of proangiogenic CD44+mesenchymal cancer stem cells in an acute myeloid leukemia patient’s bone marrow
Creators: name: Cao, Huynh
name: Xiao, Jeffrey
name: Reeves, Mark E.
name: Payne, Kimberly
name: Chen, Chien Shing
name: Baylink, David J.
name: Marcucci, Guido
name: Xu, Yi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Figures. Supplementary Figure 1. There is no significant difference in differentiation capabilities of P4 MSCs and P4 MCSCs during ex vivo cultures. A) MSCs Panel: FACS plot of CD34-CD13+MSCs, which differentiated into bone (Alizalin staining), fat (phase bright), and cartilage (Alcian blue staining). B) MCSCs Panel: FACS plot of CD34-CD13+MCSCs, which differentiated into bone (Alizalin staining), fat (phase bright), and cartilage (Alcian blue staining). Supplementary Figure 2. Comparison of Cell Proliferation of MSCs and MCSCs. A) The P10 MCSCs were found to proliferate much faster than P10 MSCs. ** P<0.01; B) These rapidly proliferating MCSCs do not express cleaved Caspase3 (Cell Signaling Technology, Cat#9664S) and continue to express strong CD44+. Supplementary Figure 3. Anti-CD44 monoclonal antibodies inhibited the cluster formation and proliferation of P5 MCSCs. A) Phase bright images of floating clusters from P5 MCSCs without treatment. B) Phase bright images of floating cells from P5 MCSCs with treatment of anti-CD44. C) Aggregate cluster count data from P5 MCSCs treated with anti-CD44 or without treatment. D) Aggregate cluster count data from P7 MCSCs treated with anti-CD44 or without treatment. Where applicable, data are means ± SEM from each group and were analyzed by Student t-test. *P<0.05; N=3. E) Proteome comparison (mean pixel density) of ICAM-1 between supernatants from P7 MCSC and P5 MCSC cultures. *P<0.05
Additional file 3 of Herbal medicine use among patients with viral and non-viral Hepatitis in Uganda: prevalence, patterns and related factors
Creators: name: Nsibirwa, Sara
name: Anguzu, Godwin
name: Kamukama, Sam
name: Ponsiano Ocama
name: Nankya-Mutyoba, Joan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary Table S2. Profile of herbal medicine use among patients with hepatitis. This contains information on the profile of use of herbal medicine as collected from the participant interviews.
Even-Odd partition identities of Rogers-Ramanujan type
Creators: name: Afsharijoo, Pooneh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove a theorem which add a new member to Rogers-Ramanujan identities. This new member counts partitions with different type of constraints on even and odd parts. Generalizing this theorem, we obtain two family of partition identities of Rogers-Ramanujan type.
description: published version
Conservation equation on braneworlds in six dimensions
Creators: name: Kofinas, Georgios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study braneworlds in six-dimensional Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity. The Gauss-Bonnet term is crucial for the equations to be well-posed in six dimensions when non-trivial matter on the brane is included (the also involved induced gravity term is not significant for their structure), and the matching conditions of the braneworld are known. We show that the energy-momentum of the brane is always conserved, independently of any regular bulk energy-momentum tensor, contrary to the situation of the five-dimensional case.
description: References added, minor changes, 3 pages, RevTeX, to app. in Class. Quant. Grav
Offline Contextual Bandits with Overparameterized Models
Creators: name: Brandfonbrener, David
name: Whitney, William F.
name: Ranganath, Rajesh
name: Bruna, Joan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent results in supervised learning suggest that while overparameterized models have the capacity to overfit, they in fact generalize quite well. We ask whether the same phenomenon occurs for offline contextual bandits. Our results are mixed. Value-based algorithms benefit from the same generalization behavior as overparameterized supervised learning, but policy-based algorithms do not. We show that this discrepancy is due to the \emph{action-stability} of their objectives. An objective is action-stable if there exists a prediction (action-value vector or action distribution) which is optimal no matter which action is observed. While value-based objectives are action-stable, policy-based objectives are unstable. We formally prove upper bounds on the regret of overparameterized value-based learning and lower bounds on the regret for policy-based algorithms. In our experiments with large neural networks, this gap between action-stable value-based objectives and unstable policy-based objectives leads to significant performance differences.
Shape-Oriented Convolution Neural Network for Point Cloud Analysis
Creators: name: Zhang, Chaoyi
name: Song, Yang
name: Yao, Lina
name: Cai, Weidong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Point cloud is a principal data structure adopted for 3D geometric information encoding. Unlike other conventional visual data, such as images and videos, these irregular points describe the complex shape features of 3D objects, which makes shape feature learning an essential component of point cloud analysis. To this end, a shape-oriented message passing scheme dubbed ShapeConv is proposed to focus on the representation learning of the underlying shape formed by each local neighboring point. Despite this intra-shape relationship learning, ShapeConv is also designed to incorporate the contextual effects from the inter-shape relationship through capturing the long-ranged dependencies between local underlying shapes. This shape-oriented operator is stacked into our hierarchical learning architecture, namely Shape-Oriented Convolutional Neural Network (SOCNN), developed for point cloud analysis. Extensive experiments have been performed to evaluate its significance in the tasks of point cloud classification and part segmentation.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, AAAI2020
EFICIÊNCIAS DE ESCALA, SINERGIA E CONCENTRAÇÃO NO SETOR FRIGORÍFICO DE CARNE BOVINA: UMA APLICAÇÃO UTILIZANDO-SE A METODOLOGIA DEA
Creators: name: Pitelli, Mariusa Momenti
name: Mendonca, Elvino De Carvalho
name: Pitelli, Mariusa Momenti
name: Mendonca, Elvino De Carvalho
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Análise envoltória dos dados (DEA)
subject: ganhos de eficiência
subject: fusão
subject: Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA)
subject: gains of efficiency
subject: merger

description: O presente artigo tem como objetivo estimar, através da metodologia DEA (Análise Envoltória de Dados), as eficiências geradas pelas empresas do setor frigorífico de carne bovina, e verificar se a realização de fusão, a fim de obter economias de escala, pode sempre implicar em eficiência. A hipótese básica desse trabalho é a de que quanto maiores forem as eficiências na operação maior é a probabilidade dessa concentração implicar em queda dos preços dos produtos relacionados e, portanto, aumentar o bem-estar da sociedade. A metodologia foi aplicada a dois tipos de fusões: fusão entre as duas empresas com menores economias de escala e a fusão entre uma empresa totalmente eficiente e outra empresa ineficiente. O resultado obtido, sob RVE, para o primeiro tipo fusão foi que a fusão pode não ser suficiente para o aumento da eficiência, uma vez que a nova empresa opera acima da escala ótima. Já o resultado para o segundo tipo de fusão aponta que pode ser viável a fusão entre uma firma eficiente e uma não eficiente, confirmando Farrell e Shapiro (1990) de que o bem-estar econômico pode ser aumentado se firmas eficientes adquirirem capital de rivais menores e menos eficientes.-------------------------------------------------- The present article has as objective to estimate, through the methodology DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis), the efficiencies generated for the slaughterhouses of bovine meat, and to verify if the merger, in order to get scale economies, can always imply in efficiency. The basic hypothesis of this work is that how much bigger will be the efficiencies in the operation, biggest it is the probability of this concentration of implying in fall of the prices of related products and, therefore, to increase welfare of the society. The methodology was applied for two types of merger: merging enters the two companies with lesser economies of scale and the merging enters an total efficient company and another inefficient company. The achieved result, under RVE, for the first type merging was that the merging can not be enough for the increase of the efficiency, a time that the new company operates above of the optimum scale. Already the result for the second type merging can be viable the merging between an efficient firm and a not efficient one, confirming Farrell and Shapiro (1990) of that economic welfare can be increased if efficient firms will acquire capital of lesser and less efficient rivals.
PROGRAMA NACIONAL PARA PRODUÇÃO E USO DO BIODIESEL NO BRASIL (PNPB): TRAJETÓRIA, SITUAÇÃO ATUAL E DESAFIOS
Creators: name: Mattei, Lauro Francisco
name: Mattei, Lauro Francisco
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: biodiesel
subject: trajetória
subject: desafios
subject: Biofuel
subject: trajectory
subject: constrains

description: O artigo faz uma discussão sobre o Programa Nacional de Produção e Uso do Biodiesel (PNPB), que desde 2004 vem ganhando a atenção de vários segmentos sociais, públicos e privados, envolvidos com a busca de alternativas à matriz energética brasileira. Para tanto, o trabalho resgata todo o processo de construção dessa política específica, bem como discute a situação atual do programa, realçando os desafios atuais à luz das experiências internacionais.----------------------------------------------The paper discusses the National Program of Biofuel in Brazil. Since 2004 public and private actors are giving attention to the program, specifically in the actions that are developing to the governmental decisions about energy models in Brazil. So, the study discuss the process of public policy and the actual situation of Biofuel program, highlighting the main constrains in according to the international experiences in this area.
Static quantities of a neutral bilepton in the 331 model with right-handed neutrinos
Creators: name: Tavares-Velasco, G.
name: Toscano, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A neutral vector boson can possess static electromagnetic properties provided that the associated field is no self-conjugate. This possibility is explored in the $SU_C(3) X SU_L(3) X U_N(1)$ model with right-handed neutrinos, which predicts a complex neutral gauge boson $Y^0$ in a nontrivial representation of the electroweak group. In this model the only nonvanishing form factors are the CP-even ones, which arise from both the quark and gauge sectors, and contribute to the magnetic dipole and the electric quadrupole moments of this neutral particle.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. D
On homomorphisms involving a hook Weyl module
Creators: name: Maliakas, Mihalis
name: Stergiopoulou, Dimitra-Dionysia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20G05

description: Let $k$ be an infinite field of positive characteristic. We determine all homomorphisms between Weyl modules for $GLn(k)$, where one of the partitions is a hook. As a consequence we obtain a nonvanishing result concerning homomorphisms between Weyl modules for algebraic groups of type B, C and D when one of the partitions is a hook.
description: Updated with reviewers' suggestions. Subsection 3.2 was added. Minor corrections. To appear in J. Algebra
Orbifolding the Twistor String
Creators: name: Giombi, S.
name: Kulaxizi, M.
name: Ricci, R.
name: Robles-Llana, D.
name: Trancanelli, D.
name: Zoubos, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The D-instanton expansion of the topological B-model on the supermanifold CP(3|4) reproduces the perturbative expansion of N=4 Super Yang-Mills theory. In this paper we consider orbifolds in the fermionic directions of CP(3|4). This operation breaks the SU(4) R-symmetry group, reducing the amount of supersymmetry of the gauge theory. As specific examples we take N=1 and N=2 orbifolds and obtain the corresponding superconformal quiver theories. We discuss the D1 instanton expansion in this context and explicitly compute some amplitudes.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures; v2: minor corrections
Entropy and Mass Bounds of Kerr-de Sitter Spacetimes
Creators: name: Ghezelbash, A. M.
name: Mann, R. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider Kerr-de Sitter spacetimes and evaluate their mass, angular momentum and entropy according to the boundary counterterm prescription. We provide a physicall interpretation for angular velocity and angular momentum at future/past infinity. We show that the entropy of the four-dimensional Kerr-de Sitter spacetimes is less than of pure de Sitter spacetime in agreement to the entropic N-bound. Moreover, we show that maximal mass conjecture which states any asymptotically de Sitter spacetime with mass greater than de Sitter has a cosmological singularity is respected by asymptotically de Sitter spacetimes with rotation. We furthermore consider the possibility of strengthening the conjecture to state that any asymptotically dS spacetime will have mass greater than dS if and only if it has a cosmological singularity and find that Kerr-de Sitter spacetimes do not respect this stronger statement. We investigate the behavior of the c-function for the Kerr-de Sitter spacetimes and show that it is no longer isotropic. However an average of the c-function over the angular variables yields a renormalization group flow in agreement with the expansion of spacetime at future infinity.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, one figure added, typos corrected
Critical behaviour of the compactified $λϕ^4$ theory
Creators: name: Abreu, L. M.
name: de Calan, C.
name: Malbouisson, A. P. C.
name: Malbouisson, J. M. C.
name: Santana, A. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the critical behaviour of the $N$-component Euclidean $λϕ^4$ model at leading order in $\frac{1}{N}$-expansion. We consider it in three situations: confined between two parallel planes a distance $L$ apart from one another, confined to an infinitely long cylinder having a square cross-section of area $A$ and to a cubic box of volume $V$. Taking the mass term in the form $m_{0}^2=α(T - T_{0})$, we retrieve Ginzburg-Landau models which are supposed to describe samples of a material undergoing a phase transition, respectively in the form of a film, a wire and of a grain, whose bulk transition temperature ($T_{0}$) is known. We obtain equations for the critical temperature as functions of $L$ (film), $A$ (wire), $V$ (grain) and of $T_{0}$, and determine the limiting sizes sustaining the transition.
description: 12 pages, no figures
title: Методические указания и контрольные задания № 2 и № 3 по дисциплине Немецкий язык
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Московский технический университет связи и информатики
Year: 2014

description: Методические указания информируют студентов о целях и задачах обучения немецкому языку и порядке выполнения и оформления контрольных работ.
Omega Centauri: weak MgH-band in red giants directly trace the helium content
Creators: name: Reddy, Arumalla B. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High spectral resolution and high signal-to-noise ratio optical spectra of red giants in the globular cluster Omega Centauri are analysed for stellar parameters and chemical abundances of 15 elements including helium by either line equivalent widths or synthetic spectrum analyses. The simultaneous abundance analysis of MgH and Mg lines adopting theoretical photospheres and a combination of He/H$-$ratios proved to be the only powerful probe to evaluate helium abundances of red giants cooler than 4400 K, wherein otherwise helium line transitions (He {\scs I} 10830 and 5876 Å) present for a direct spectral line analysis. The impact of helium-enhanced model photospheres on the resulting abundance ratios are smaller than 0.15 dex, in agreement with past studies. The first indirect spectroscopic helium abundances measured in this paper for the most metal-rich cluster members reveal the discovery of seven He-enhanced giants ($Δ$$Y=+$0.15$\pm$0.04), the largest such sample found spectroscopically to date. The average metallicity of $-$0.79$\pm$0.06 dex and abundances for O, Na, Al, Si, Ca, Ti, Ni, Ba, and La are consistent with values found for the red giant branch (RGB-a) and subgiant branch (SGB-a) populations of Omega Centauri, suggesting an evolutionary connection among samples. The He-enhancement in giants is associated with larger $s$-process elemental abundances, which correlate with Al and anticorrelate with O. These results support the formation of He-enhanced, metal-rich population of Omega Centauri out of the interstellar medium enriched with the ejecta of fast rotating massive stars, binaries exploding as supernovae and asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars.
description: 20 pages, 13 figures, 6 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 5 of Population structure of five native sheep breeds of Sweden estimated with high density SNP genotypes
Creators: name: Rochus, Christina Marie
name: Jonas, Elisabeth
name: Johansson, Anna M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 5: Table S1. Purebred Swedish sheep registered in Elitlamm (2018).
Representations of the Weyl Algebra in Quantum Geometry
Creators: name: Fleischhack, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81T05 (Primary) 46L30, 32B20, 57R50, 58D20, 83C45 (Secondary)

description: The Weyl algebra A of continuous functions and exponentiated fluxes, introduced by Ashtekar, Lewandowski and others, in quantum geometry is studied. It is shown that, in the piecewise analytic category, every regular representation of A having a cyclic and diffeomorphism invariant vector, is already unitarily equivalent to the fundamental representation. Additional assumptions concern the dimension of the underlying analytic manifold (at least three), the finite wide triangulizability of surfaces in it to be used for the fluxes and the naturality of the action of diffeomorphisms -- but neither any domain properties of the represented Weyl operators nor the requirement that the diffeomorphisms act by pull-backs. For this, the general behaviour of C*-algebras generated by continuous functions and pull-backs of homeomorphisms, as well as the properties of stratified analytic diffeomorphisms are studied. Additionally, the paper includes also a short and direct proof of the irreducibility of A.
description: 71 pages, 1 figure, LaTeX. Changes v2 to v3: previous results unchanged; some addings: inclusion of gauge transforms, several comments, Subsects. 1.5, 3.7, 3.8; comparison with LOST paper moved to Introduction; Def. 2.5 modified; some typos corrected; Refs. updated. Article now as accepted by Commun. Math. Phys