cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Companion of Enrico's Chart for Phase Noise and Two-Sample Variances
Creators: name: Rubiola, Enrico
name: Vernotte, Francois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phase noise and frequency (in)stability both describe the fluctuation of stable periodic signals, from somewhat different standpoints. Frequency is unique compared to other domains of metrology, in that its fluctuations of interest span at least 14 orders of magnitude, from $10^{-4}$ in a mechanical watch to $10^{-18}$ in atomic clocks. The frequency span of interest is some 12-15 orders of magnitude, from $μ$Hz to GHz Fourier frequency for phase noise, while the time span over which the fluctuations occur ranges from sub-$μ$s to years integration time for variances. Because this domain is ubiquitous in science and technology, a common language and tools suitable to the variety mentioned are a challenge. This article is at once (1) a tutorial, (2) a review covering the most important facts about phase noise, frequency noise and two-sample (Allan and Allan-like) variances, and (3) a user guide to "Enrico's Chart of Phase Noise and Two-Sample Variances." In turn, the Chart is a reference card collecting the most useful concepts, formulas and plots in a single A4/A-size sheet, intended to be a staple on the desk of whoever works with these topics. The Chart is available under Creative Commons 4.0 CC-BY-NC-ND license from Zenodo, DOI 10.5281/zenodo.4399218. A wealth of auxiliary material is available for free on the Enrico's home page http://rubiola.org.
description: 30 pages, 18 figures, 3 tables, 173 references
Children’s counterfactual thinking about dynamic systems
Creators: name: Ganea, Patricia A.
name: Nyhout, Angela
name: Sweatman, Hilary
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This is a pre-registration for a Experiment 3 in the project "Children's counterfactual thinking about dynamic systems". The current study uses a more clearly specified causal structure than the previous studies in this project.
Local well-posedness of a nonlinear Fokker-Planck model
Creators: name: Epshteyn, Yekaterina
name: Liu, Chang
name: Liu, Chun
name: Mizuno, Masashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35A01, 35A02, 35K15, 35Q84, 60J60

description: Noise or fluctuations play an important role in the modeling and understanding of the behavior of various complex systems in nature. Fokker-Planck equations are powerful mathematical tool to study behavior of such systems subjected to fluctuations. In this paper we establish local well-posedness result of a new nonlinear Fokker-Planck equation. Such equations appear in the modeling of the grain boundary dynamics during microstructure evolution in the polycrystalline materials and obey special energy laws.
Simulating chiral spin liquids with projected entangled-pair states
Creators: name: Hasik, Juraj
name: Van Damme, Maarten
name: Poilblanc, Didier
name: Vanderstraeten, Laurens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Doubts have been raised on the representation of chiral spin liquids exhibiting topological order in terms of projected entangled pair states (PEPSs). Here, starting from a simple spin-1/2 chiral frustrated Heisenberg model, we show that a faithful representation of the chiral spin liquid phase is in fact possible in terms of a generic PEPS upon variational optimization. We find a perfectly chiral gapless edge mode and a rapid decay of correlation functions at short distances consistent with a bulk gap, concomitant with a gossamer long-range tail originating from a PEPS bulk-edge correspondence. For increasing bond dimension, (i) the rapid decrease of spurious features -- SU(2) symmetry breaking and long-range tails in correlations -- together with (ii) a faster convergence of the ground state energy as compared to state-of-the-art cylinder matrix-product state simulations involving far more variational parameters, prove the fundamental relevance of the PEPS ansatz for simulating systems with chiral topological order.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, source code available at https://github.com/jurajHasik/peps-torch
Near Earth Object 2012XJ112 as a source of bright bolides of achondritic nature
Creators: name: Madiedo, Jose M.
name: Trigo-Rodriguez, Josep M.
name: Williams, Iwan P.
name: Konovalova, Natalia
name: Ortiz, Jose L.
name: Castro-Tirado, Alberto
name: Pastor, Sensi
name: Reyes, Jose A. de los
name: Cabrera-Caño, Jesus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the likely link between the recently discovered Near Earth Object 2012XJ112 and a bright fireball observed over the south of Spain on December 27, 2012. The bolide, with an absolute magnitude of -9 +- 1, was simultaneously imaged during the morning twilight from two meteor stations operated by the SPanish Meteor Network (SPMN). It was also observed by several casual witnesses. The emission spectrum produced during the ablation of the meteoroid in the atmosphere was also recorded. From its analysis the chemical nature of this particle was inferred. Although our orbital association software identified several potential parent bodies for this meteoroid, the analysis of the evolution of the orbital elements performed with the Mercury 6 symplectic integrator supports the idea that NEO 2012XJ112 is the source of this meteoroid. The implications of this potential association are discussed here. In particular, the meteoroid bulk chemistry is consistent with a basaltic achondrite, and this emphasizes the importance to deduce from future Earth approaches the reflectance spectrum and taxonomic nature of 2012XJ112.
description: Accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society on Jan. 30, 2014
One-loop amplitudes in Einstein-Yang-Mills from forward limits
Creators: name: Porkert, Franziska
name: Schlotterer, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method to compute the integrands of one-loop Einstein-Yang-Mills amplitudes for any number of external gauge and gravity multiplets. Our construction relies on the double-copy structure of Einstein-Yang-Mills as (super-)Yang-Mills with the so-called YM+$ϕ^3$ theory -- pure Yang-Mills coupled to bi-adjoint scalars -- which we implement via one-loop Cachazo-He-Yuan formulae. The YM+$ϕ^3$ building blocks are obtained from forward limits of tree-level input in external gluons and scalars, and we give the composition rules for any number of traces and orders in the couplings $g$ and $κ$. On the one hand, we spell out supersymmetry- and dimension-agnostic relations that reduce loop integrands of Einstein-Yang-Mills to those of pure gauge theories. On the other hand, we present four-point results for maximal and half-maximal supersymmetry where all supersymmetry cancellations are exposed. In the half-maximal case, we determine six-dimensional anomalies due to chiral hypermultiplets in the loop.
description: 51 + 8 pages, 18 figures, submission includes an ancillary data file; v2: typos fixed, matches version to be published in JHEP
Combinatorial results on (1,2,1,2)-avoiding $GL(p,\mathbb{C}) \times GL(q,\mathbb{C})$-orbit closures on $GL(p+q, \mathbb{C})/B$
Creators: name: Woo, Alexander
name: Wyser, Benjamin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Using recent results of the second author which explicitly identify the "$(1,2,1,2)$-avoiding" $GL(p,\mathbb{C}) \times GL(q,\mathbb{C})$-orbit closures on the flag manifold $GL(p+q,\mathbb{C})/B$ as certain Richardson varieties, we give combinatorial criteria for determining smoothness, lci-ness, and Gorensteinness of such orbit closures. (In the case of smoothness, this gives a new proof of a theorem of W.M. McGovern.) Going a step further, we also describe a straightforward way to compute the singular locus, the non-lci locus, and the non-Gorenstein locus of any such orbit closure. We then describe a manifestly positive combinatorial formula for the Kazhdan-Lusztig-Vogan polynomial $P_{τ,γ}(q)$ in the case where $γ$ corresponds to the trivial local system on a $(1,2,1,2)$-avoiding orbit closure $Q$ and $τ$ corresponds to the trivial local system on any orbit $Q'$ contained in $\overline{Q}$. This combines the aforementioned result of the second author, results of A. Knutson, the first author, and A. Yong, and a formula of Lascoux and Schützenberger which computes the ordinary (type $A$) Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomial $P_{x,w}(q)$ whenever $w \in S_n$ is cograssmannian.
description: 35 pages, 18 figures
Tracking Halo Orbits and Their Mass Evolution around Large-scale Filaments
Creators: name: Jhee, Hannah
name: Song, Hyunmi
name: Smith, Rory
name: Shin, Jihye
name: Park, Inkyu
name: Laigle, Clotilde
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have explored the dynamical and mass evolution of halos driven by large-scale filaments using a dark matter-only cosmological simulation with the help of a phase-space analysis. Since a non-negligible number of galaxies is expected to fall into the cluster environment through large-scale filaments, tracking how halos move around large-scale filaments can provide a more comprehensive view on the evolution of cluster galaxies. Halos exhibit orbital motions around filaments, which emerge as specific trajectories in a phase space composed of halos' perpendicular distance and velocity component with respect to filaments. These phase-space trajectories can be represented by three cases according to their current states. We parameterize the trajectories with halos' initial position and velocity, maximum velocity, formation time, and time since first crossing, which are found to be correlated with each other. These correlations are explained well in the context of the large-scale structure formation. The mass evolution and dynamical properties of halos seem to be affected by the density of filaments, which can be shown from the fact that halos around denser filaments are more likely to lose their mass and be bound within large-scale filaments. Finally we reproduce the mass segregation trend around filaments found in observations. It is resulted because halos that formed earlier arrived filaments earlier, and grew efficiently there being more massive. We also found that dynamical friction helps to retain this segregation trend.
description: 14 pages, 15 igures
Proceedings 2nd International Workshop on Strategic Reasoning
Creators: name: Mogavero, Fabio
name: Murano, Aniello
name: Vardi, Moshe Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This volume contains the proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Strategic Reasoning 2014 (SR 2014), held in Grenoble (France), April 5-6, 2014. The SR workshop aims to bring together researchers, possibly with different backgrounds, working on various aspects of strategic reasoning in computer science, both from a theoretical and a practical point of view. This year SR has hosted four invited talks by Thomas A. Henzinger, Wiebe van der Hoek, Alessio R. Lomuscio, and Wolfgang Thomas. Moreover, the workshop has hosted 14 contributed talks, all selected among the full contributions submitted, which have been deeply evaluated, by four reviewers, according to their quality and relevance.
Neural Optimal Transport
Creators: name: Korotin, Alexander
name: Selikhanovych, Daniil
name: Burnaev, Evgeny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a novel neural-networks-based algorithm to compute optimal transport maps and plans for strong and weak transport costs. To justify the usage of neural networks, we prove that they are universal approximators of transport plans between probability distributions. We evaluate the performance of our optimal transport algorithm on toy examples and on the unpaired image-to-image translation.
Suppressing CMB low multipoles with ISW effect
Creators: name: Das, Santanu
name: Souradeep, Tarun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent results of Planck data reveal that the power in the low multipoles of the CMB angular power spectrum, approximately up to $l=30$, is significantly lower than the theoretically predicted in the best fit $Λ$CDM model. In this paper we investigate the possibility of invoking the Integrated Sachs-Wolfe (ISW) effect to explain this power deficit at low multipoles. The ISW effect that originates from the late time expansion history of the universe is rich in possibilities given the limited understanding of the origin of dark energy (DE). It is a common understanding that the ISW effect adds to the power at the low multipoles of the CMB angular power spectrum. In this paper we carry out an analytic study to show that there are some expansion histories in which the ISW effect, instead of adding power, provides negative contribution to the power at low multipoles. Guided by the analytic study, we present examples of the features required in the late time expansion history of the universe that could explain the power deficiency through the ISW effect. We also show that an ISW origin of power deficiency is consistent, at present, with other cosmological observations that probe the expansion history such as distance modulus, matter power spectrum and the evolution of cluster number count. We also show that the ISW effect may be distinguished from power deficit originating from features in the PPS using the measurements of the CMB polarization spectrum at low multipoles expected from Planck. We conclude that the power at low multipoles of the CMB anisotropy could well be closely linked to Dark Energy puzzle in cosmology and this observation could be actually pointing to richer phenomenology of DE beyond the cosmological constant $Λ$. (abbreviated)
description: 20 pages, 7 figures
D4.7: Implementation of R10 Eco-Design Game
Creators: name: Nielsen, Susanne Husted
name: Egenfeldt-Nielsen, Simon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: This delivery contains the following:

	A published version of the game Eco Designer, available as print-outs and a companion app on Google Play.
	A Facilitator Guide explaining how the game is played and how it should be facilitated. See Annex A.
	A Scenario document containing all the print-outs and a Student Guide. See Annex B.

Short introduction to the game

Make product and service designs more eco friendly by exploring how they work, how they’re used and what they’re made of, in a blended game experience against your classmates! Create alternative concepts by exploring work packages with the right tools, the info and the power to steal, discuss and compare your way to the best concept.

Eco Designer aims to educate bachelor students on the ecodesign thinking and how to use tools such as the product life cycle and stakeholder network to create better and more eco-friendly products and services.

In the game, the players take on the role as an Eco Design Agency and take part in a big competition against other agencies to creative a more eco-friendly version of an existing product. Through investing in different work packages, the players get the info they need and the right tools to create the best concept and win the game.

Features

	Print-and-play board game that only requires tape and a pair of scissors
	Currently 1 playable scenario, with the possibility of adding more in the future (not part of the scope of the Waste4Think project)
	12 work packages with tools, info and agency cards
	Access to the Eco Designer companion app that gives the players the possibility to explore alternative materials and see their effects
	Currently available in English
Holographic Dark Energy from the Anti-de Sitter Black Hole
Creators: name: Nakarachinda, Ratchaphat
name: Pongkitivanichkul, Chakrit
name: Samart, Daris
name: Tannukij, Lunchakorn
name: Wongjun, Pitayuth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The anti-de Sitter (AdS) black hole plays an important role in the holographic principle. In this study, the upper bound in energy corresponding to the mass of the Schwarzschild black hole is modified to be that of the AdS black hole. Via the correspondence between the ultraviolet (UV) and infrared (IR) cutoffs, the constant term in the energy density of the holographic dark energy (HDE) can be obtained from the negative cosmological constant from the black hole. Interestingly, the proposed dark energy model could drive the late-time expansion of the Universe without the causality violation. The cosmic evolution is investigated by choosing the Hubble and particle horizons as the IR length scales. It is found that the accelerated expansion at late time can be obtained for both cases. This result may shed light on the connection between the AdS black hole and the de Sitter (dS) spacetime in the context of cosmology.
description: 29 pages, 6 figures, 5 tables (in the version2, we have added Sec. 4: Observational constraints.)
Linear stability of semiclassical theories of gravity
Creators: name: Meda, Paolo
name: Pinamonti, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The linearization of semiclassical theories of gravity is investigated in a toy model, consisting of a quantum scalar field in interaction with a second classical scalar field which plays the role of a classical background. This toy model mimics also the evolution induced by semiclassical Einstein equations, such as the one which describes the early universe in the cosmological case. The equations governing the dynamics of linear perturbations around simple exact solutions of this toy model are analyzed by constructing the corresponding retarded fundamental solutions, and by discussing the corresponding initial value problem. It is shown that, if the quantum field which drives the back-reaction to the classical background is massive, then there are choices of the renormalization parameters for which the linear perturbations with compact spatial support decay polynomially in time for large times, thus indicating stability of the underlying semiclassical solution.
description: 29 pages, 4 figures. Added some details about the perturbative construction. Changed part of Proposition 3.3. and added some details in the proof of Proposition 3.4. Added some references and made other minor corrections
Speckle Optical Tweezers: Micromanipulation with Random Light Fields
Creators: name: Volpe, Giorgio
name: Kurz, Lisa
name: Callegari, Agnese
name: Volpe, Giovanni
name: Gigan, Sylvain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current optical manipulation techniques rely on carefully engineered setups and samples. Although similar conditions are routinely met in research laboratories, it is still a challenge to manipulate microparticles when the environment is not well controlled and known a priori, since optical imperfections and scattering limit the applicability of this technique to real-life situations, such as in biomedical or microfluidic applications. Nonetheless, scattering of coherent light by disordered structures gives rise to speckles, random diffraction patterns with well-defined statistical properties. Here, we experimentally demonstrate how speckle fields can become a versatile tool to efficiently perform fundamental optical manipulation tasks such as trapping, guiding and sorting. We anticipate that the simplicity of these "speckle optical tweezers" will greatly broaden the perspectives of optical manipulation for real-life applications.
Analyzing the impact of time-correlated noise on zero-noise extrapolation
Creators: name: Schultz, Kevin
name: LaRose, Ryan
name: Mari, Andrea
name: Quiroz, Gregory
name: Shammah, Nathan
name: Clader, B. David
name: Zeng, William J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Zero-noise extrapolation is a quantum error mitigation technique that has typically been studied under the ideal approximation that the noise acting on a quantum device is not time-correlated. In this work, we investigate the feasibility and performance of zero-noise extrapolation in the presence of time-correlated noise. We show that, in contrast to white noise, time-correlated noise is harder to mitigate via zero-noise extrapolation because it is difficult to scale the noise level without also modifying its spectral distribution. This limitation is particularly strong if "local" gate-level methods are applied for noise scaling. However, we find that "global" noise scaling methods, e.g., global unitary folding, can be sufficiently reliable even in the presence of time-correlated noise. We also introduce gate Trotterization as a new noise scaling technique that may be of independent interest.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures
Drying of the Martian Mesosphere During Aphelion Induced by Lower Tropospheric Temperatures
Creators: name: Toledo, Daniel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This file contains the data of the Figures of the revised manuscript titled: Drying of the Martian Mesosphere During Aphelion Induced by Lower Temperatures. The only data that has not been uploaded corresponds to Supplementary Figure 3, as the data can be directly obtained from the MCD (version 6.1 and climatology scenario).
The Future of AI in Quantum Computing
Creators: name: Tejas Bhoirekar, Swati Uparkar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: The fusion of Artificial Intelligence (AI) with Quantum Computing (QC) holds transformative potential acrossindustries. While AI has revolutionized numerous domains with machine learning and predictive analytics, itsintegration with QC promises to solve problems previously deemed unsolvable. Quantum-enhanced AI canaccelerate computations, optimize algorithms, and enable breakthroughs in areas like drug discovery,cryptography, and material science. This paper explores the potential applications, benefits, and challengesassociated with this emerging field, offering insights into how quantum enhanced AI will shape the technological landscape of the future.
Ascidiella aspersa
Creators: name: Kakkonen, Jenni E.
name: Worsfold, Tim M.
name: Ashelby, Christopher W.
name: Taylor, Andrea
name: Beaton, Katy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ascidiacea
Phlebobranchia
Ascidiidae
Ascidiella
Ascidiella aspersa

description: (23) Ascidiella aspersa (Müller, 1776)
Status in U.K. – cryptogenic.
Ascidiella aspersa (“fluted sea squirt”) has been recorded from many monitoring programme sites, each year since 2012, from scrape, settlement panel and rapid assessment samples. It has also been recorded from renewable energy structures in Orkney (Want et al. 2017).
This species has been listed as “introduced” in the Mediterranean (López-Legentil and Legentil 2015) and is considered invasive in Japan and elsewhere (Nishikawa et al. 2014). Its type locality is southern Norway (Skagerrak) and it is widely considered to be native to northern Europe: however, it should be regarded as cryptogenic in the U.K. until its native range can be confirmed.
NMS voucher reference number: NMS.Z.2017.144.117.
description: Published as part of Kakkonen, Jenni E., Worsfold, Tim M., Ashelby, Christopher W., Taylor, Andrea & Beaton, Katy, 2019, The value of regular monitoring and diverse sampling techniques to assess aquatic non-native species: a case study from Orkney, pp. 46-79 in Management of Biological Invasions 10 (1) on page 62, DOI: 10.3391/mbi.2019.10.1.04, http://zenodo.org/record/11969078
A correspondence between the free and interacting field theories
Creators: name: Gao, Fei
name: Ding, Minghui
name: Liu, Yuxin
name: Schmidt, Sebastian M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discover a correspondence between the free field and the interacting states. This correspondence is firstly given from the fact that the free propagator can be converted into a tower of propagators for massive states, when expanded with the Hermite function basis. The equivalence of propagators reveals that in this particular case the duality can naturally be regarded as the equivalence of one theory on the plane wave basis to the other on the Hermite function basis. More generally, the Hermite function basis provides an alternative quantization process with the creation/annihilation operators that correspond directly to the interacting fields. Moreover, the Hermite function basis defines an exact way of dimensional reduction. As an illustration, we apply this basis on 3+1 dimensional Yang-Mills theory with three dimensional space being reduced through the Hermite function basis, and if with only the lowest order Hermite function, the equivalent action becomes the Banks-Fischler-Shenker-Susskind (BFSS) matrix model.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure
Gas Loss in Simulated Galaxies as They Fall into Clusters
Creators: name: Cen, Renyue
name: Pop, Ana R.
name: Bahcall, Neta A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use high-resolution cosmological hydrodynamic galaxy formation simulations to gain insights on how galaxies lose their cold gas at low redshift as they migrate from the field to the high density regions of clusters of galaxies. We find that beyond three cluster virial radii, the fraction of gas-rich galaxies is constant, representing the field. Within three cluster-centric radii, the fraction of gas-rich galaxies declines steadily with decreasing radius, reaching $\mathbf{<10%}$ near the cluster center. Our results suggest that galaxies start to feel the impact of the cluster environment on their gas content well beyond the cluster virial radius. We show that almost all gas-rich galaxies at the cluster virial radius are falling in for the first time at nearly radial orbits. Furthermore, we find that almost no galaxy moving outward at the cluster virial radius is gas-rich (with gas to baryon ratio greater than $\mathbf{1%}$). These results suggest that galaxies that fall into clusters lose their cold gas within a single radial round-trip.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, in press of PNAS
Quantum spin liquids of Rydberg excitations in a honeycomb lattice induced by density-dependent Peierls phases
Creators: name: Ohler, Simon
name: Kiefer-Emmanouilidis, Maximilian
name: Fleischhauer, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the nonlinear transport of bosonic excitations in a two-dimensional honeycomb lattice of spin-orbit coupled Rydberg atoms gives rise to disordered quantum phases which are candidates for quantum spin liquids. As recently demonstrated in [Lienhard et al. Phys. Rev. X, 10, 021031 (2020)] the spin-orbit coupling breaks time-reversal and chiral symmetries and leads to a tunable density-dependent complex hopping of the hard-core bosons or equivalently to complex XY spin interactions. Using exact diagonalization (ED) we numerically investigate the phase diagram resulting from the competition between density-dependent and direct transport terms. In mean-field approximation there is a phase transition from a quasi-condensate to a 120° phase when the amplitude of the complex hopping exceeds that of the direct one. In the full model a new phase with a finite spin gap emerges close to the mean-field critical point as a result of quantum fluctuations induced by the density-dependence of the complex hopping. We show that this phase is a genuine disordered one, has a non-vanishing spin chirality and is characterized by a non-trivial many-body Chern number. ED simulations of small lattices with up to 28 lattice sites point to a non-degenerate ground state and thus to a bosonic integer-quantum Hall (BIQH) phase, protected by U(1) symmetry. The Chern number of C = 1, which is robust to disorder, is however different from the even Chern numbers found in BIQH phases. For very strong, nonlinear hoppings of opposite sign we find another disordered regime with vanishing spin gap. This phase also has a large spin chirality and could be a gapless spin-liquid but lies outside the parameter regime accessible in the Rydberg system.
description: Updated version as published in Phys. Rev. Res
Contacts in totally separable packings in the plane and in high dimensions
Creators: name: Naszódi, Márton
name: Swanepoel, Konrad
Publisher: name: Journal of Computational Geometry
Year: 2022

description: We study the contact structure of totally separable packings of translates of a convex body K in Rd, that is, packings where any two touching bodies have a separating hyperplane that does not intersect the interior of any translate in the packing. The separable Hadwiger number Hsep(K) of K is defined to be the maximum number of translates touched by a single translate, with the maximum taken over all totally separable packings of translates of K. We show that for each d ≥ 8, there exists a smooth and strictly convex K in Rd with Hsep(K) > 2d, and asymptotically, Hsep(K) = Ω((3/√8)d). We show that Alon’s packing of Euclidean unit balls such that each translate touches at least 2d others whenever d is a power of 4, can be adapted to give a totally separable packing of translates of the l1-unit ball with the same touching property. We also consider the maximum number of touching pairs in a totally separable packing of n translates of any planar convex body K. We prove that the maximum equals ⌊2n − 2√n⌋ if and only if K is a quasi hexagon, thus completing the determination of this value for all planar convex bodies.
description: Journal of Computational Geometry, Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022)
Contacts in totally separable packings in the plane and in high dimensions
Creators: name: Naszódi, Márton
name: Swanepoel, Konrad J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the contact structure of totally separable} packings of translates of a convex body $K$ in $\mathbb{R}^d$, that is, packings where any two touching bodies have a separating hyperplane that does not intersect the interior of any translate in the packing. The separable Hadwiger number $H_{\text{sep}}(K)$ of $K$ is defined to be the maximum number of translates touched by a single translate, with the maximum taken over all totally separable packings of translates of $K$. We show that for each $d\geq 8$, there exists a smooth and strictly convex $K$ in $\mathbb{R}^d$ with $H_{\text{sep}}(K)>2d$, and asymptotically, $H_{\text{sep}}(K)=Ω\bigl((3/\sqrt{8})^d\bigr)$. We show that Alon's packing of Euclidean unit balls such that each translate touches at least $2^{\sqrt{d}}$ others whenever $d$ is a power of $4$, can be adapted to give a totally separable packing of translates of the $\ell_1$-unit ball with the same touching property. We also consider the maximum number of touching pairs in a totally separable packing of $n$ translates of any planar convex body $K$. We prove that the maximum equals $\lfloor 2n-2\sqrt{n}\rfloor$ if and only if $K$ is a quasi hexagon, thus completing the determination of this value for all planar convex bodies.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures. Pdf generation issue fixed, no change to first version
Magicity of the $^{52}$Ca and $^{54}$Ca isotopes and tensor contribution within a mean--field approach
Creators: name: Grasso, Marcella
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the magicity of the isotopes $^{52}$Ca and $^{54}$Ca, that was recently confirmed by two experimental measurements, and relate it to like--particle and neutron--proton tensor effects within a mean--field description. By analyzing Ca isotopes, we show that the like--particle tensor contribution induces shell effects that render these nuclei more magic than they would be predicted by neglecting it. In particular, such induced shell effects are stronger in the nucleus $^{52}$Ca and the single--particle gaps are increased in both isotopes due to the tensor force. By studying $N=32$ and $N=34$ isotones, neutron--proton tensor effects may be isolated and their role analyzed. It is shown that neutron--proton tensor effects lead to increasing $N=32$ and $N=34$ gaps, when going along isotonic chains, from $^{58}$Fe to $^{52}$Ca, and from $^{60}$Fe to $^{54}$Ca, respectively. The mean--field calculations are perfomed by employing one Skyrme parameter set, that was introduced in a previous work by fitting the tensor parameters together with the spin--orbit strength. The signs and the values of the tensor strengths are thus checked within this specific application. The obtained results indicate that the employed parameter set, even if generated with a partial adjustment of the parameters of the force, leads to the correct shell behavior and provides, in particular, a description of the magicity of $^{52}$Ca and $^{54}$Ca within a pure mean--field picture with the effective two--body Skyrme interaction.
description: 7 figures
Self-consistent energy density functional approaches to the crust of neutron stars
Creators: name: Nakatsukasa, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to study structure of the crust in neutron stars, we develop a finite-temperature Skyrme-Hartree-Fock method in the full three-dimensional coordinate space using the Fermion operator expansion method. It provides us with a possible order-N approach to non-uniform neutron-star matters.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure, NIC-XVI Conference proceedings
Superintegrability summary
Creators: name: Mironov, A.
name: Morozov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We enumerate generalizations of the superintegrability property $\ \sim {\rm character}$ and illuminate possible general structures behind them. We collect variations of original formulas available up to date and emphasize the remaining difference between the cases of Hermitian and complex matrices, bosonic and fermionic ones. Especially important is that the story is in no way restricted to Gaussian potentials.
description: 11 pages
Local normal approximations and probability metric bounds for the matrix-variate $T$ distribution and its application to Hotelling's $T$ statistic
Creators: name: Ouimet, Frédéric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62E20, 60F99

description: In this paper, we develop local expansions for the ratio of the centered matrix-variate $T$ density to the centered matrix-variate normal density with the same covariances. The approximations are used to derive upper bounds on several probability metrics (such as the total variation and Hellinger distance) between the corresponding induced measures. This work extends some of the results of Shafiei & Saberali (2015) and Ouimet (2022) for the univariate Student distribution to the matrix-variate setting.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
Design of a Monopole Antenna Based Resonant Nanocavity for Detection of Optical Power from Hybrid Plasmonic Waveguides
Creators: name: Ooi, Kelvin J. A.
name: Bai, Ping
name: Gu, Ming Xia
name: Ang, Lay Kee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel plasmonic waveguide-coupled nanocavity with a monopole antenna is proposed to localize the optical power from a hybrid plasmonic waveguide and subsequently convert it into electrical current. The nanocavity is designed as a Fabry-Pérot waveguide resonator, while the monopole antenna is made of a metallic nanorod directly mounted onto the metallic part of the waveguide terminal which acts as the conducting ground. The nanocavity coincides with the antenna feed sandwiched in between the antenna and the ground. Maximum power from the waveguide can be coupled into, and absorbed in the nanocavity by means of the field resonance in the antenna as well as in the nanocavity. Simulation results show that 42% optical power from the waveguide can be absorbed in a germanium filled nanocavity with a nanoscale volume of 220x150x60nm$^3$. The design may find applications in nanoscale photo-detection, subwavelength light focusing and manipulating, as well as sensing.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
The LPM Effect in sequential bremsstrahlung: $1/N_c^2$ corrections
Creators: name: Arnold, Peter
name: Elgedawy, Omar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An important question concerning in-medium high-energy parton showers in a quark-gluon plasma or other QCD medium is whether consecutive splittings of the partons in a given shower can be treated as quantum mechanically independent, or whether the formation times for two consecutive splittings instead have significant overlap. Various previous calculations of the effect of overlapping formation times have either (i) restricted attention to a soft bremsstrahlung limit, or else (ii) used the large-$N_c$ limit (where $N_c{=}3$ is the number of quark colors). In this paper, we make a first study of the accuracy of the large-$N_c$ limit used by those calculations of overlap effects that avoid a soft bremsstrahlung approximation. Specifically, we calculate the $1/N_c^2$ correction to previous $N_c{=}\infty$ results for overlap $g \to gg \to ggg$ of two consecutive gluon splittings $g \to gg$. At order $1/N_c^2$, there is interesting and non-trivial color dynamics that must be accounted for during the overlap of the formation times.
description: 47 pages, 19 figures. Changes from v1: some clarification added through new footnotes and a new figure
A vectorial binary Darboux transformation of the first member of the negative part of the AKNS hierarchy
Creators: name: Müller-Hoissen, Folkert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35C05, 35C07, 35C08, 35C09, 35Q51

description: Using bidifferential calculus, we derive a vectorial binary Darboux transformation for the first member of the "negative" part of the AKNS hierarchy. A reduction leads to the first "negative flow" of the NLS hierarchy, which in turn is a reduction of a rather simple nonlinear complex PDE in two dimensions, with a leading mixed third derivative. This PDE may be regarded as describing geometric dynamics of a complex scalar field in one dimension, since it is invariant under coordinate transformations in one of the two independent variables. We exploit the correspondingly reduced vectorial binary Darboux transformation to generate multi-soliton solutions of the PDE, also with additional rational dependence on the independent variables, and on a plane wave background. This includes rogue waves.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures, Second version: substantial changes. Third version: Section 3 substantially expanded. Fourth and fifth version: small amendments in Abstract, Introduction, first part of Section 3, Conclusion and references. To appear in Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical
Toward a Global Study of Algorithms and Algorithmization
Creators: name: Poiroux, Jérémie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Sociology, Algorithm, Transparency

description: Over the last few years, a research object has been attracting the attention of quite a number of members of the scientific community of digital humanities and sociology: the study of algorithms, and more precisely of their impact on society. Examples include the study of the impact of work distribution algorithms (Uber), recidivism prediction algorithms (COMPAS) or recommendation algorithms (Youtube or Spotify). Both quantitative and qualitative methods are used for these studies. At the same time, we can find an increasing integration of the digital humanities in these studies, both to analyse the data used by the algorithms and their results. However, an insufficient number of studies in this field have focused on the fabrication of these algorithms, either on the way engineers and more widely organizations design these programs that have the impacts that we now know a little better (their non-neutrality or discrimination to name only two). On one hand, sociologists have gone to meet engineers to study their way of working: this is “humanities of the digital”. On the other hand, computer scientists have conducted experiments to open the "black box" of algorithms, notably through reverse engineering techniques: this is “numerical humanities”. In order to overcome this dichotomy at the heart of the digital humanities, it appears important to intertwine these two mentioned aspects. This shall illustrate that fears about qualitative studies being supplanted by quantitative studies are not well-founded.
Barriers and enablers to local active travel during COVID-19: A case study of Streetspace interventions in two London boroughs
Creators: name: Gericke, Chiara
name: Hale, Joanna
name: Castro, Oscar
name: Lunetto, Maria
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: This piece of research aims to understand how two boroughs in London can maintain any benefits to walking and cycling from Streetspace measures introduced in response to the coronavirus pandemic.
Off-shell cubic hypermultiplet couplings to $\mathcal{N}=2$ higher spin gauge superfields
Creators: name: Buchbinder, Ioseph
name: Ivanov, Evgeny
name: Zaigraev, Nikita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct manifestly $4D, \mathcal{N}=2$ supersymmetric and gauge invariant off-shell cubic couplings of matter hypermultiplets to the higher integer spin gauge $\mathcal{N}=2$ multiplets introduced in arXiv:2109.07639 [hep-th]. The hypermultiplet is described by an analytic harmonic $4D, \mathcal{N}=2$ superfield $q^{+}$ with the physical component spins ${\bf s} = (\frac{1}{2}\,, \;0)$ and an infinite number of auxiliary fields. The cubic coupling constructed has the schematic structure $q^+ \hat{\cal H}^{++}_{(s)} q^+$, where $\hat{\cal H}^{++}_{(s)}$ is a differential analytic operator of the highest degree $({\bf s} - 1)$ accommodating the massless gauge $\mathcal{N}=2$ multiplet with the highest spin ${\bf s}$. For odd ${\bf s}$ the gauge group generators and couplings are proportional to ${\rm U}(1)_{PG}$ generator of the internal ${\rm SU}(2)_{PG}$ symmetry of the hypermultiplet and so do not exist if ${\rm SU}(2)_{PG}$ is unbroken. If this ${\rm U}(1)_{PG}$ is identified with the central charge of $ 4D, \mathcal{N}=2$ supersymmetry, a mass for the hypermultiplet is generated and the odd ${\bf s}$ couplings vanish in the proper massless limit. For even ${\bf s}$ the higher-spin gauge transformations and cubic superfield couplings can be defined for both massive and massless (central-charge neutral) hypermultiplets without including ${\rm U}(1)_{PG}$ generator. All these features directly extend to the case of $n$ hypermultiplets with the maximal internal symmetry ${\rm USp}(2n) \times {\rm SU}(2)$.
description: 0 + 37 pages, eqs. (3.68) corrected, without any impact on the subsequent formulas and results
Surface induced phase separation of a swelling hydrogel
Creators: name: Hennessy, Matthew G.
name: Münch, Andreas
name: Wagner, Barbara
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Hydrogel
subject: asymptotic analysis
subject: nonlinear elasticity
subject: phase transition
subject: 74H10
subject: 82C26
subject: 83.80.Rs
subject: 83.10.Tv

description: We present a formulation of the free boundary problem for a hydrogel that accounts for the interfacial free energy and finite strain due to the large deformation of the polymer network during solvent transport across the free boundary. For the geometry of an initially dry layer fixed at a rigid substrate, our model predicts a phase transition when a critical value of the solvent concentration has been reached near the free boundary. A one-dimensional case study shows that depending on the flux rate at the free boundary an initial saturation front is followed by spinodal decomposition of the hydrogel and the formation of an interfacial front that moves through the layer. Moreover, increasing the shear modulus of the elastic network delays or even suppresses phase separation.
Double-normal pairs in space
Creators: name: Pach, János
name: Swanepoel, Konrad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52C10

description: A double-normal pair of a finite set $S$ of points from $R^d$ is a pair of points $\{p,q\}$ from $S$ such that $S$ lies in the closed strip bounded by the hyperplanes through $p$ and $q$ perpendicular to $pq$. A double-normal pair $pq$ is strict if $S\setminus\{p,q\}$ lies in the open strip. The problem of estimating the maximum number $N_d(n)$ of double-normal pairs in a set of $n$ points in $R^d$, was initiated by Martini and Soltan (2006). It was shown in a companion paper that in the plane, this maximum is $3\lfloor n/2\rfloor$, for every $n>2$. For $d\geq 3$, it follows from the Erdős-Stone theorem in extremal graph theory that $N_d(n)=\frac12(1-1/k)n^2 + o(n^2)$ for a suitable positive integer $k=k(d)$. Here we prove that $k(3)=2$ and, in general, $\lceil d/2\rceil \leq k(d)\leq d-1$. Moreover, asymptotically we have $\lim_{n\rightarrow\infty}k(d)/d=1$. The same bounds hold for the maximum number of strict double-normal pairs.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure