cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
KilonovAE: Exploring Kilonova Spectral Features with Autoencoders
Creators: name: Ford, N. M.
name: Vieira, Nicholas
name: Ruan, John J.
name: Haggard, Daryl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kilonovae are likely a key site of heavy r-process element production in the Universe, and their optical/infrared spectra contain insights into both the properties of the ejecta and the conditions of the r-process. However, the event GW170817/AT2017gfo is the only kilonova so far with well-observed spectra. To understand the diversity of absorption features that might be observed in future kilonovae spectra, we use the TARDIS Monte Carlo radiative transfer code to simulate a suite of optical spectra spanning a wide range of kilonova ejecta properties and r-process abundance patterns. To identify the most common and prominent absorption lines, we perform dimensionality reduction using an autoencoder, and we find spectra clusters in the latent space representation using a Bayesian Gaussian Mixture model. Our synthetic kilonovae spectra commonly display strong absorption by strontium Sr II, yttrium Y II, and zirconium Zr I - II, with strong lanthanide contributions at low electron fractions (Ye < 0.25). When a new kilonova is observed, our machine learning framework will provide context on the dominant absorption lines and key ejecta properties, helping to determine where this event falls within the larger 'zoo' of kilonovae spectra.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures, published by ApJ. Replaced to match the accepted version
Differing incentives of appointed and elected prosecutors and the relationship between prosecutor policy and votes in local elections
Creators: name: Rainville, Gerard Arthur
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4402
subject: Criminology
subject: FOS: Law
classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Prosecutors in the United States may be either appointed or elected officials. They are also bureau chiefs of a public office. Most models of prosecutor behavior focus on the bureaucratic role of the prosecutor. The objective of this research is to present a model of prosecutor behavior that places the political objectives of prosecutors in the fore. This research reviews the historical development of the prosecutor's office in the United States and examines the previous theoretical and empirical research on prosecutor incentives. Multivariate statistical tests are employed to test hypotheses derived from a political model of prosecution using data from a nationwide sample of elected and appointed prosecutors. Several theorized relationships are tested empirically. First, it is hypothesized that elected prosecutors have a greater incentive (relative to appointed prosecutors) to report adopting office policies viewed as responsive to communities. Second, for those prosecutors that are elected, it is hypothesized that an appearance of greater responsiveness leads to greater political support of incumbent prosecutors, measured by votes in reelection efforts. Elected prosecutors were not consistently found to be more likely to report involvement in policies viewed as responsive to the public in the presented models. In a test limited to elected prosecutors, the appearance of greater responsiveness was linked to greater political support of incumbent prosecutors. This research reveals significant differences between appointed and elected prosecutors in their desire to appear responsive to communities and suggests that elections may serve as a viable mechanism to ensure responsiveness from the prosecutor's office.
A Remark on Infinitely Repeated Extensive Games
Creators: name: Rubinstein, Ariel
name: Wolinsky, Asher
name: Rubinstein, Ariel
name: Wolinsky, Asher
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1992
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: The comment demonstrates several examples of extensive games for which the set of subgame perfect equilibrium payoff vectors of its repeated game with discounting is very different than that of the corresponding repeated reduced normal form game even when the discount factor is close to 1. Nevertheless, it is true that with a "dimensionality" condition (ala Fudenberg and Maskin (1986), or, Abreu and Dutta (1991) all feasible and strictly individually rational payoff vectors are subgame perfect equilibrium payoff vectors where the discount rate approaches the unity.
Impact of TCO Microstructure on the Electronic Properties of Carbazole-based Self-Assembled Monolayers
Creators: name: Kralj, Suzana
name: Dally, Pia
name: Bampoulis, Pantelis
name: Vishal, Badri
name: De Wolf, Stefaan
name: Morales-Masis, Monica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Carbazole-based self-assembled monolayers (PACz-SAMs), anchored via their phosphonic acid group on a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) have demonstrated excellent performance as hole-selective layers in inverted perovskite solar cells. However, the influence of the TCO microstructure on the work function (WF) shift after SAM anchoring as well as the WF variations at the micro/nanoscale have not been extensively studied yet. Herein, we investigate the effect of the Sn-doped In2O3 (ITO) microstructure on the WF distribution upon 2PACz-SAMs and NiOx/2PACz-SAMs application. For this, ITO substrates with amorphous and polycrystalline (featuring either nanoscale or microscale-sized grains) microstructures are studied. A correlation between the ITO grain orientation and 2PACz-SAMs local potential distribution was found via Kelvin probe force microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction. These variations vanish for amorphous ITO or when adding an amorphous NiOx buffer layer, where a homogeneous surface potential distribution is mapped. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the ITO WF increase after 2PACz-SAMs deposition. Considering the importance of polycrystalline TCOs as high mobility and broadband transparent electrodes, we provide insights to ensure uniform WF distribution upon application of hole transport SAMs, which is critical towards enhanced device performance.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures
Experimental characterization of a section of a spherically imploding plasma liner formed by merging hypersonic plasma jets
Creators: name: Yates, Kevin
name: Langendorf, Samuel
name: Hsu, Scott
name: Dunn, John
name: Gilmore, Mark
name: Brockington, Samuel
name: Case, Andrew
name: Cruz, Edward
name: Witherspoon, Douglas
name: Thio, Francis
name: Cassibry, Jason
name: Schillo, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report experimental results on merging of hypersonic plasma jets, which is the fundamental building block for forming spherically imploding plasma liners as a potential standoff compression driver for mangeto-inertial fusion. Jets are formed and launched by contoured-gap coaxial plasma guns mounted at the six spherical chamber. First, from experiments with two and three merging jets of four different species (N, Ar, Kr, Xe), we show that (1) density spatial non-uniformities can be large (with electron-density jumps ranging from 2.9 for N to 6.6 for Xe) when shocks form upon jet merging, but smaller (density jumps <2) when shocks do not form; (2) jet impurities (20% Ti in these experiments) can increase the level of density spatial non-uniformity by increasing the collisionality of jet merging; and (3) the liner Mach number can remain high (>10), as required for plasma liners to be an effective compression driver. Second, from experiments with six and seven merging jets using Ar, we present results with improved jet-to-jet balance of <2% across jets, including (1) evidence of substantially increased balance in the jet merging and symmetry of the liner structure, and (2) potentially favorable changes in the jet-merging morphology with the addition of the seventh jet. For both experiments, we present comparison between experimental and synthetic data from three-dimensional hydrodynamic codes.
description: 17 pages, 19 figures, submitted to Physics of plasma
Chat Failures and Troubles: Reasons and Solutions
Creators: name: Helal, Manal
name: Holthaus, Patrick
name: Lakatos, Gabriella
name: Amirabdollahian, Farshid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper examines some common problems in Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) causing failures and troubles in Chat. A given use case's design decisions start with the suitable robot, the suitable chatting model, identifying common problems that cause failures, identifying potential solutions, and planning continuous improvement. In conclusion, it is recommended to use a closed-loop control algorithm that guides the use of trained Artificial Intelligence (AI) pre-trained models and provides vocabulary filtering, re-train batched models on new datasets, learn online from data streams, and/or use reinforcement learning models to self-update the trained models and reduce errors.
description: In WTF Workshop Proceedings (arXiv:2401.04108) held in conjunction with the ACM conference on Conversational User Interfaces (CUI), 19 - 21/07 2023, in Eindhoven, The Netherlands
Additional file 1 of American foulbrood in a honeybee colony: spore-symptom relationship and feedbacks between disease and colony development
Creators: name: Stephan, Jörg G.
name: Miranda, Joachim R. De
name: Forsgren, Eva
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Description of data used.
Gravitational Waves and Possible Fast Radio Bursts from Axion Clumps
Creators: name: Sun, Sichun
name: Zhang, Yun-Long
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The axion objects such as axion mini-clusters and axion clouds around spinning black holes induce parametric resonances of electromagnetic waves through the axion-photon interaction. In particular, it has been known that the resonances from the axion with the mass around $10^{-6}$eV may explain the observed fast radio bursts (FRBs). Here we argue that similar bursts of high frequency gravitational waves, which we call the fast gravitational wave bursts (FGBs), are generated from axion clumps with the presence of gravitational Chern-Simons (CS) coupling. The typical frequency is half of the axion mass, which in general can range from kHz to GHz. We also discuss the secondary gravitational wave production associated with FRB, as well as the possible host objects of the axion clouds, such as primordial black holes with typical masses around $10^{-5}M_{\odot}$. Future detections of FGBs together with the observed FRBs are expected to provide more evidence for the axion.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures. v2: references updated. v2: 10 pages, 9 figures, updated discussion on the relation between different CS couplings at one-loop level. Matching with the accepted version
Targeting the Exchange Rate Under Inflation
Creators: name: Pessach, Shula
name: Razin, Assaf
name: Pessach, Shula
name: Razin, Assaf
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1992
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: The purpose of this paper is to implement empirically a variant of the new theory of exchange rate targeting, suitable for high inflation small open economies. We formulate an expectations induced relationship between the exchange rate and the fundamental subject to random shocks and target zone constraints on rates of depreciation. The empirical analysis provides estimates for the key parameters of the exchange rate dynamic equation, and thereby identifies the unique roles played by policy variables and market fundamentals in foreign exchange markets.
A Big Data Architecture for Learning-Based Source-Term Estimation
Creators: name: Klampanos, I.A.
name: Davvetas, A.
name: Pappas, C.
name: Andronopoulos, S.
name: Ikonomopoulos, A.
name: Karkaletsis, V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017

description: After the detection of a radioactive substance of unknown origin in the atmosphere, the source location is estimated via inverse modelling. Depending on various factors, such as the spatial resolution desired, traditional inverse modelling can be computationally time-consuming and therefore its application can be problematic when timing is critical. In a complementary presentation (S. Andronopoulos et al., “Towards Inverse Source Term Estimation using Big Data Technologies”), we discuss a data- scientific approach to source term estimation, which allows us to perform the bulk of the processing prior to such an event taking place, therefore allowing for rapid estimation. This poster presents the big data platform that enabled the implementation of this work and the design and rationale behind our software architecture.
The roles of cognition and mood in psychosocial adjustment to multiple sclerosis
Creators: name: Usiskin, Julie Bullard
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Multiple sclerosis (MS), a common, chronic autoimmune demyelinating disease, is characterized by diagnostic uncertainty and unpredictability in symptom manifestation. Approximately 85 percent of patients initially present symptoms of MS consistent with a relapsing-remitting (RR) course, and often experience disrupted cognitive functioning. In addition, because RR MS is unpredictable and variable, it is commonly associated with decreased psychosocial adjustment and increased emotional disturbance. At present, little is established in the MS literature regarding the concurrent roles of cognition and mood in the process of adjustment to the disease. As such, the present study sought to explore relationships between aspects of cognitive functioning and reported psychosocial adjustment in patients with RR MS. The moderating role of mood on the relationships between cognition and psychosocial adjustment was also explored. Results indicated that immediate memory/attention, working memory, sustained attention, and cognitive flexibility were significantly related to reported psychosocial adjustment to RR MS. Performance on these variables, in addition to verbal abstract reasoning, also contributed to the prediction of level of psychosocial adjustment when the effects of depressed mood were controlled. In sum, despite limitations (e.g., small sample size), current findings yielded promising information regarding the associations between cognitive functioning and adjustment, as well as factors that can affect such associations (e.g., depressed mood). MS is generally diagnosed early in life and adopts a variable symptom course. Thus, future research should continue to address the relationships among cognitive functioning, psychosocial adjustment, and mood state to assist individuals with MS in maintaining quality of life over time. Such knowledge will be valuable as both medical and psychological treatment protocols and support systems for this disease continue to be developed and refined.
Experimentation in a Duopoly
Creators: name: Fishman, Arthur
name: Gandal, Neil
name: Fishman, Arthur
name: Gandal, Neil
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1992
Subjects: Financial Economics
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: The existing literature on optimal learning confines attention to the costs and benefits of experimentation when there is a single decision maker. In this paper, we consider equilibrium learning in an imperfectly competitive setting. The novel feature of the competitive setting is that experimentation involves strategic costs that are not present in the monopoly context. Using a simple model, we show that competition can inhibit the scope of learning, relative to a monopoly.
V 3$d$ charge and orbital states in V$_2$OPO$_4$ probed by x-ray absorption spectroscopy
Creators: name: Murota, Kota
name: Pachoud, Elise
name: Attfield, J. Paul
name: Glaum, Robert
name: Sutarto, Ronny
name: Takubo, Kou
name: Khomskii, Daniel I.
name: Mizokawa, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: V 3$d$ charge and orbital states in V$_2$OPO$_4$ have been investigated by means of x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The electronic structure of V$_2$OPO$_4$ is very unique in that the charge transfer between V$^{2+}$ and V$^{3+}$ in face sharing VO$_6$ chains provides negative thermal expansion as reported by Pachoud {\it et al.} [J. Am. Chem. Soc. {\bf 140}, 636 (2018).] The near edge region of O 1$s$ XAS exhibits the three features which can be assigned to transitions to O 2$p$ mixed into the unoccupied V 3$d$ $t_{2g}$ and $e_{g}$ orbitals of V$^{2+}$ and V$^{3+}$. The V 2$p$ XAS line shape can be reproduced by multiplet calculations for a mixed valence state with V$^{2+}$ and V$^{3+}$. The polarization dependence of the O 1$s$ and V 2$p$ XAS spectra indicates V 3$d$ orbital order in which $xy$ and $yz$ (or $zx$) orbitals are occupied at the V$^{3+}$ site in the face sharing chains. The occupied $xy$ orbital is essential for the antiferromagnetic coupling between the V$^{2+}$ and V$^{3+}$ sites along the chains while the occupied $yz$ (or $zx$) orbital provides the antiferromagnetic coupling between the V$^{2+}$ and V$^{3+}$ sites between the chains.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures
The roles of cognition and mood in psychosocial adjustment to multiple sclerosis
Creators: name: Usiskin, Julie Bullard
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
classificationCode: 5203
subject: Clinical and health psychology
classificationCode: 5204
subject: Cognitive and computational psychology

description: Multiple sclerosis (MS), a common, chronic autoimmune demyelinating disease, is characterized by diagnostic uncertainty and unpredictability in symptom manifestation. Approximately 85 percent of patients initially present symptoms of MS consistent with a relapsing-remitting (RR) course, and often experience disrupted cognitive functioning. In addition, because RR MS is unpredictable and variable, it is commonly associated with decreased psychosocial adjustment and increased emotional disturbance. At present, little is established in the MS literature regarding the concurrent roles of cognition and mood in the process of adjustment to the disease. As such, the present study sought to explore relationships between aspects of cognitive functioning and reported psychosocial adjustment in patients with RR MS. The moderating role of mood on the relationships between cognition and psychosocial adjustment was also explored. Results indicated that immediate memory/attention, working memory, sustained attention, and cognitive flexibility were significantly related to reported psychosocial adjustment to RR MS. Performance on these variables, in addition to verbal abstract reasoning, also contributed to the prediction of level of psychosocial adjustment when the effects of depressed mood were controlled. In sum, despite limitations (e.g., small sample size), current findings yielded promising information regarding the associations between cognitive functioning and adjustment, as well as factors that can affect such associations (e.g., depressed mood). MS is generally diagnosed early in life and adopts a variable symptom course. Thus, future research should continue to address the relationships among cognitive functioning, psychosocial adjustment, and mood state to assist individuals with MS in maintaining quality of life over time. Such knowledge will be valuable as both medical and psychological treatment protocols and support systems for this disease continue to be developed and refined.
Bioverse: The Habitable Zone Inner Edge Discontinuity as an Imprint of Runaway Greenhouse Climates on Exoplanet Demographics
Creators: name: Schlecker, Martin
name: Apai, Dániel
name: Lichtenberg, Tim
name: Bergsten, Galen
name: Salvador, Arnaud
name: Hardegree-Ullman, Kevin K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Long-term magma ocean phases on rocky exoplanets orbiting closer to their star than the runaway greenhouse threshold - the inner edge of the classical habitable zone - may offer insights into the physical and chemical processes that distinguish potentially habitable worlds from others. Thermal stratification of runaway planets is expected to significantly inflate their atmospheres, potentially providing observational access to the runaway greenhouse transition in the form of a "habitable zone inner edge discontinuity" in radius-density space. Here, we use Bioverse, a statistical framework combining contextual information from the overall planet population with a survey simulator, to assess the ability of ground- and space-based telescopes to test this hypothesis.
 We find that the demographic imprint of the runaway greenhouse transition is likely detectable with high-precision transit photometry for sample sizes $\gtrsim 100$ planets if at least ~10 % of those orbiting closer than the habitable zone inner edge harbor runaway climates. Our survey simulations suggest that in the near future, ESA's PLATO mission will be the most promising survey to probe the habitable zone inner edge discontinuity. We determine survey strategies that maximize the diagnostic power of the obtained data and identify as key mission design drivers: 1. A follow-up campaign of planetary mass measurements and 2. The fraction of low-mass stars in the target sample. Observational constraints on the runaway greenhouse transition will provide crucial insights into the distribution of atmospheric volatiles among rocky exoplanets, which may help to identify the nearest potentially habitable worlds.
description: For a video abstract, see https://youtu.be/acgKcdTTv9c. All source code is available at https://github.com/matiscke/hz-inner-edge-discontinuity. 29 pages, 12 figures, 1 table. Typos corrected, references added. Published in The Planetary Science Journal
"The world's playground": Tourism and mass culture in Atlantic City
Creators: name: Doyle, Debbie Ann
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Atlantic City, New Jersey was the most popular resort in turn-of-the-century America. The resort concentrated the sights and symbols of mass culture in a single location, inviting vacationers to physically enter a new shared world that otherwise existed only in mass-produccd images and texts. Thousands of images of the resort circulated through picture postcards, stereo views, early motion pictures, and the urban press, linking the city to mass culture. The appearance of the tourist district, which mirrored the urban entertainment districts that dominated contemporary mass culture, increased the connection. Middle and working-class tourists traveled to the resort to demonstrate membership in the "imagined community" of the mass culture audience. On the beach, visitors became part of the spectacle of the tourist district as they experimented with new styles of public behavior. Crowds of vacationers became the most famous sight in Atlantic City, the physical embodiment of the mass audience and thus of modernity itself. Atlantic City became the metaphorical capital of mass culture, embodying its abstract pleasures in a three-dimensional landscape. Just as visiting the national capital allowed tourists to express their identity as American citizens, traveling to Atlantic City became a way to identify with the mass audience. The resort gave concrete form to the fantasy that consuming mass culture granted entry into an important and influential new community. Though that community lacked the cultural power enjoyed by the producers of mass entertainment, it assumed a kind of influence by association that made joining it a thrilling and novel experience, a way of proclaiming one's place in modern life. However, as the entertainment industry became centralized in New York and Los Angeles, Atlantic City lost its status as the capital of modern mass culture. Although local promoters tried to renew ties to mass culture with publicity events like the Miss America pageant, by the early nineteen-thirties the aging resort ceased to attract middle-class tourists, though it remained popular with working-class visitors from the surrounding region. The rise and fall of this early mass resort suggests the subtle yet powerful influence of mass culture on twentieth-century American history and culture.
Power laws of natural swarms are fingerprints of an extended critical region
Creators: name: González-Albaladejo, R.
name: Bonilla, L. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collective biological systems display power laws for macroscopic quantities and are fertile probing grounds for statistical physics. Besides power laws, natural insect swarms present strong scale-free correlations, suggesting closeness to phase transitions. Swarms exhibit {\em imperfect} dynamic scaling: their dynamical correlation functions collapse into single curves when written as functions of the scaled time $tξ^{-z}$ ($ξ$: correlation length, $z$: dynamic exponent), but only for short times. Triggered by markers, natural swarms are not invariant under space translations. Measured static and dynamic critical exponents differ from those of equilibrium and many nonequilibrium phase transitions. Here, we show that: (i) the recently discovered scale-free-chaos phase transition of the harmonically confined Vicsek model has a novel extended critical region for $N$ (finite) insects that contains several critical lines. (ii) As alignment noise vanishes, there are power laws connecting critical confinement and noise that allow calculating static critical exponents for fixed $N$. These power laws imply that the unmeasurable confinement strength is proportional to the perception range measured in natural swarms. (iii) Observations of natural swarms occur at different times and under different atmospheric conditions, which we mimic by considering mixtures of data on different critical lines and $N$. Unlike results of other theoretical approaches, our numerical simulations reproduce the previously described features of natural swarms and yield static and dynamic critical exponents that agree with observations.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures, revtex. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2208.08121
Panoptic Vision-Language Feature Fields
Creators: name: Chen, Haoran
name: Blomqvist, Kenneth
name: Milano, Francesco
name: Siegwart, Roland
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, methods have been proposed for 3D open-vocabulary semantic segmentation. Such methods are able to segment scenes into arbitrary classes based on text descriptions provided during runtime. In this paper, we propose to the best of our knowledge the first algorithm for open-vocabulary panoptic segmentation in 3D scenes. Our algorithm, Panoptic Vision-Language Feature Fields (PVLFF), learns a semantic feature field of the scene by distilling vision-language features from a pretrained 2D model, and jointly fits an instance feature field through contrastive learning using 2D instance segments on input frames. Despite not being trained on the target classes, our method achieves panoptic segmentation performance similar to the state-of-the-art closed-set 3D systems on the HyperSim, ScanNet and Replica dataset and additionally outperforms current 3D open-vocabulary systems in terms of semantic segmentation. We ablate the components of our method to demonstrate the effectiveness of our model architecture. Our code will be available at https://github.com/ethz-asl/pvlff.
description: This work has been accepted by IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters
"The world's playground": Tourism and mass culture in Atlantic City
Creators: name: Doyle, Debbie Ann
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 43
subject: History, heritage and archaeology
classificationCode: 4303
subject: Historical studies

description: Atlantic City, New Jersey was the most popular resort in turn-of-the-century America. The resort concentrated the sights and symbols of mass culture in a single location, inviting vacationers to physically enter a new shared world that otherwise existed only in mass-produccd images and texts. Thousands of images of the resort circulated through picture postcards, stereo views, early motion pictures, and the urban press, linking the city to mass culture. The appearance of the tourist district, which mirrored the urban entertainment districts that dominated contemporary mass culture, increased the connection. Middle and working-class tourists traveled to the resort to demonstrate membership in the "imagined community" of the mass culture audience. On the beach, visitors became part of the spectacle of the tourist district as they experimented with new styles of public behavior. Crowds of vacationers became the most famous sight in Atlantic City, the physical embodiment of the mass audience and thus of modernity itself. Atlantic City became the metaphorical capital of mass culture, embodying its abstract pleasures in a three-dimensional landscape. Just as visiting the national capital allowed tourists to express their identity as American citizens, traveling to Atlantic City became a way to identify with the mass audience. The resort gave concrete form to the fantasy that consuming mass culture granted entry into an important and influential new community. Though that community lacked the cultural power enjoyed by the producers of mass entertainment, it assumed a kind of influence by association that made joining it a thrilling and novel experience, a way of proclaiming one's place in modern life. However, as the entertainment industry became centralized in New York and Los Angeles, Atlantic City lost its status as the capital of modern mass culture. Although local promoters tried to renew ties to mass culture with publicity events like the Miss America pageant, by the early nineteen-thirties the aging resort ceased to attract middle-class tourists, though it remained popular with working-class visitors from the surrounding region. The rise and fall of this early mass resort suggests the subtle yet powerful influence of mass culture on twentieth-century American history and culture.
Twelve -step recovery and feminism: A study of empowerment among women in Alcoholics Anonymous
Creators: name: Sanders, Jolene Marie
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4405
subject: Gender studies
classificationCode: 4410
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: This dissertation examines how alcoholic women empower themselves through the twelve-step program of Alcoholics Anonymous (AA). A combination of qualitative and quantitative data demonstrates that as members of AA the 167 women in this research sample stopped drinking, improved their lives and fundamentally bettered themselves. Feminist phenomenology provides the theoretical framework for interpretation, and empirical data from survey methodology details their experiences. The demographic profile and their problems as alcoholics are presented from a gender-sensitive perspective. Their level of involvement both in AA and in women-only meetings is measured. Why they attend women-only meetings and how they have actively shaped their recovery environment in a gendered fashion are examined. This study establishes that most of these women have completed the Twelve Steps of AA, "working" them in a manner that reflects gender differences. Lastly, these women utilize many different supports to accentuate and complement AA, collectively and personally empowering themselves through the process of recovery in AA. However, does this form of empowerment come at the expense of feminist empowerment? AA has a 2-1 ratio of men to women and spiritual principles that require submission of one's will to a Higher Power (God). Despite AA's strongly male culture, these women hold strong gender-role attitudes, maintain feminist beliefs, and actively participate in feminist activities. They have also developed a personal understanding of God that is both comfortable for them and consistent with their feminist orientations. Finally, an empirical measure of personal empowerment, self-esteem, is analyzed, and qualitative data describe self-esteem and other indicators of personal empowerment. Quantitatively speaking, the single most significant association is between having completed the Twelve Steps of AA and high self-esteem. Qualitatively, data from these women's narratives express personal empowerment as a process that occurs over time in AA. Initially, they resist and overcome their alcoholism and learn that they can change their lives one-day-at-a-time. As they grow in recovery, they not only gain the "power to" confront their alcoholism, but they also develop a "power from within" that allows them to continue on the path of recovery that is ongoing and never ending.
Control of Static Friction by Designing Grooves on Friction Surface
Creators: name: Iwashita, Wataru
name: Matsukawa, Hiroshi
name: Otsuki, Michio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study numerically investigated the friction of viscoelastic objects with grooves. A 3D viscoelastic block with grooves on a rigid substrate is slowly pushed from the lateral side under uniform pressure on the top surface. The local friction force at the interface between the block and the substrate obeys Amontons' law. Numerical results obtained using the finite element method reveal that the static friction coefficient decreases with increasing groove width and depth. The propagation of the precursor slip is observed before bulk sliding. Furthermore, bulk sliding occurs when the area of slow precursor slip reaches a critical value, which decreases with increasing groove size. A theoretical analysis based on a simplified model reveals that the static friction coefficient is related to the critical area of the precursor, which is determined by the instability of the precursor. A scaling law for the critical area is theoretically predicted, and it indicates that the decrease in the effective viscosity due to the formation of the grooves leads to a decrease in the static friction coefficient. The validity of the theoretical prediction is numerically confirmed.
description: 25 pages, 15 figures; 2 ancillary files (Supplementary Videos) attached
Twelve -step recovery and feminism: A study of empowerment among women in Alcoholics Anonymous
Creators: name: Sanders, Jolene Marie
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This dissertation examines how alcoholic women empower themselves through the twelve-step program of Alcoholics Anonymous (AA). A combination of qualitative and quantitative data demonstrates that as members of AA the 167 women in this research sample stopped drinking, improved their lives and fundamentally bettered themselves. Feminist phenomenology provides the theoretical framework for interpretation, and empirical data from survey methodology details their experiences. The demographic profile and their problems as alcoholics are presented from a gender-sensitive perspective. Their level of involvement both in AA and in women-only meetings is measured. Why they attend women-only meetings and how they have actively shaped their recovery environment in a gendered fashion are examined. This study establishes that most of these women have completed the Twelve Steps of AA, "working" them in a manner that reflects gender differences. Lastly, these women utilize many different supports to accentuate and complement AA, collectively and personally empowering themselves through the process of recovery in AA. However, does this form of empowerment come at the expense of feminist empowerment? AA has a 2-1 ratio of men to women and spiritual principles that require submission of one's will to a Higher Power (God). Despite AA's strongly male culture, these women hold strong gender-role attitudes, maintain feminist beliefs, and actively participate in feminist activities. They have also developed a personal understanding of God that is both comfortable for them and consistent with their feminist orientations. Finally, an empirical measure of personal empowerment, self-esteem, is analyzed, and qualitative data describe self-esteem and other indicators of personal empowerment. Quantitatively speaking, the single most significant association is between having completed the Twelve Steps of AA and high self-esteem. Qualitatively, data from these women's narratives express personal empowerment as a process that occurs over time in AA. Initially, they resist and overcome their alcoholism and learn that they can change their lives one-day-at-a-time. As they grow in recovery, they not only gain the "power to" confront their alcoholism, but they also develop a "power from within" that allows them to continue on the path of recovery that is ongoing and never ending.
Financial crises and contagion effects: Stock markets, debt levels, and exchange markets in East Asia and Latin America in the 1990s
Creators: name: Chhabra, Dipankar
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This dissertation focuses on an empirical investigation of the causes and spread of financial crises in selected Asian and Latin American countries in the 1990s. The first set of econometric estimates uses the time series methodology of Granger causality to test for the existence of contagion effects between the stock and currency markets of certain crisis originating countries (Mexico, Thailand, and Hong Kong) and the stock and currency markets of other countries in each region (as well as across regions). The econometric results indicate strong evidence for significant contagion effects of the Thai exchange market on currency markets in most other Asian countries, and that these effects were stronger and more significant during specific crisis episodes than during the full sample period. On the other hand, most of the estimated effects of Hong Kong's exchange markets on exchange markets in other Asian countries were insignificant. In addition, Thai and Hong Kong stock markets had significant contagion effects on other stock markets in the region, and these effects were more pronounced during the specific crisis episodes. In Latin America, there was little evidence of any significant contagion effects from the Mexican exchange market or stock market to the three other Latin American countries' markets considered (excluding Argentina). Also, there was little or no evidence of cross-regional contagion effects. The second set of econometric estimates tests for whether large short-term debts contributed significantly to increasing the index of exchange market pressure in five highly-indebted Asian countries, after controlling for other variables including contagion effects from Thailand or Hong Kong. Four alternate measures of debt are considered and the results show that different measures were significant factors in exacerbating exchange market pressure in each of the countries, using country-level, time-series data. The debt analysis also tests for a parabolic or U-shaped relationship between debt and exchange market pressure. This hypothesis is tested by using a non-linear specification in which both debt and debt-squared are entered separately in the regressions, and the evidence for some of the countries supports this hypothesis.
Additional file 1 of Clinical judgement, case complexity and symptom scores as predictors of outcome in depression: an exploratory analysis
Creators: name: M. Smith
name: B. Francq
name: A. McConnachie
name: K. Wetherall
name: A. Pelosi
name: J. Morrison
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1. Appendix 1: Local “Complexity” measures. Appendix 2: MECAM items.
Eucera (Synhalonia) frater
Creators: name: Pedro, Diego De
name: Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara
name: Sagot, Philippe
name: López-Reyes, Eulogio
name: Mullins, Jessica L.
name: Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A.
name: Falcon-Brindis, Armando
name: Griswold, Terry
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Gardner, Joel
name: Ayala, Ricardo
name: Vides-Borrell, Eric
name: Vandame, Rémy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: Eucera (Synhalonia) frater (Cresson, 1878) **
[ANSP; ♂ Colorado, USA]
This species is a new record for Mexico and the BCP. During this study, the BBPT collected two females in the Coastal Sage Matorral in May 2022 and April 2023 (MABC). The floral records from our surveys and those listed on DiscoverLife suggest this species has an affinity for pollen in the family Fabaceae. See fig. 104.
description: Published as part of Pedro, Diego De, Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara, Sagot, Philippe, López-Reyes, Eulogio, Mullins, Jessica L., Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A., Falcon-Brindis, Armando, Griswold, Terry, Ascher, John S., Gardner, Joel, Ayala, Ricardo, Vides-Borrell, Eric & Vandame, Rémy, 2024, Revealing the Baja California Peninsula's Hidden Treasures: An Annotated checklist of the native bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), pp. 1-391 in Zootaxa 5522 (1) on page 169, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5522.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13920532
Recognizing Families In the Wild: White Paper for the 4th Edition Data Challenge
Creators: name: Robinson, Joseph P.
name: Yin, Yu
name: Khan, Zaid
name: Shao, Ming
name: Xia, Siyu
name: Stopa, Michael
name: Timoner, Samson
name: Turk, Matthew A.
name: Chellappa, Rama
name: Fu, Yun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recognizing Families In the Wild (RFIW): an annual large-scale, multi-track automatic kinship recognition evaluation that supports various visual kin-based problems on scales much higher than ever before. Organized in conjunction with the 15th IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition (FG) as a Challenge, RFIW provides a platform for publishing original work and the gathering of experts for a discussion of the next steps. This paper summarizes the supported tasks (i.e., kinship verification, tri-subject verification, and search & retrieval of missing children) in the evaluation protocols, which include the practical motivation, technical background, data splits, metrics, and benchmark results. Furthermore, top submissions (i.e., leader-board stats) are listed and reviewed as a high-level analysis on the state of the problem. In the end, the purpose of this paper is to describe the 2020 RFIW challenge, end-to-end, along with forecasts in promising future directions.
description: White Paper for challenge in conjunction with 15th IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition (FG 2020)
A Welfare Evaluation of Anti-dumping Rules
Creators: name: Shy, Oz
name: Shy, Oz
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: International Dumping
subject: Market Shares

description: The paper constructs a general equilibrium environment where firms find it profitable to set low prices abroad in order to 'dump' their products overseas. The paper conducts a welfare evaluation of implementing anti-dumping policies for two common interpretations of dumping activities: pricing below the cost of production and pricing abroad lower than at home. The major findings are: (a) in a world economy where firms play a price game in all markets, the anti-cost dumping policy is superior to the antiprice dumping policy for generating a welfare improvement for the injured country. (b) There is a special case where the imposition of anti-dumping rules can be welfare improving in all countries.
Financial crises and contagion effects: Stock markets, debt levels, and exchange markets in East Asia and Latin America in the 1990s
Creators: name: Chhabra, Dipankar
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: This dissertation focuses on an empirical investigation of the causes and spread of financial crises in selected Asian and Latin American countries in the 1990s. The first set of econometric estimates uses the time series methodology of Granger causality to test for the existence of contagion effects between the stock and currency markets of certain crisis originating countries (Mexico, Thailand, and Hong Kong) and the stock and currency markets of other countries in each region (as well as across regions). The econometric results indicate strong evidence for significant contagion effects of the Thai exchange market on currency markets in most other Asian countries, and that these effects were stronger and more significant during specific crisis episodes than during the full sample period. On the other hand, most of the estimated effects of Hong Kong's exchange markets on exchange markets in other Asian countries were insignificant. In addition, Thai and Hong Kong stock markets had significant contagion effects on other stock markets in the region, and these effects were more pronounced during the specific crisis episodes. In Latin America, there was little evidence of any significant contagion effects from the Mexican exchange market or stock market to the three other Latin American countries' markets considered (excluding Argentina). Also, there was little or no evidence of cross-regional contagion effects. The second set of econometric estimates tests for whether large short-term debts contributed significantly to increasing the index of exchange market pressure in five highly-indebted Asian countries, after controlling for other variables including contagion effects from Thailand or Hong Kong. Four alternate measures of debt are considered and the results show that different measures were significant factors in exacerbating exchange market pressure in each of the countries, using country-level, time-series data. The debt analysis also tests for a parabolic or U-shaped relationship between debt and exchange market pressure. This hypothesis is tested by using a non-linear specification in which both debt and debt-squared are entered separately in the regressions, and the evidence for some of the countries supports this hypothesis.