cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Tensor network approach to the fully frustrated XY model on a kagome lattice with a fractional vortex-antivortex pairing transition
Creators: name: Song, Feng-Feng
name: Zhang, Guang-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a tensor network approach to the two-dimensional fully frustrated classical XY spin model on the kagome lattice, and clarified the nature of the possible phase transitions of various topological excitations.We find that the standard tensor network representation for the partition function does not work due to the strong frustrations in the low temperature limit. To avoid the direct truncation of the Boltzmann weight, based on the duality transformation, we introduce a new representation to build the tensor network with local tensors lying on the centers of the elementary triangles of the kagome lattice. Then the partition function is expressed as a product of one-dimensional transfer matrix operators, whose eigen-equation can be solved by the variational uniform matrix product state algorithm accurately. The singularity of the entanglement entropy for the one-dimensional quantum operator provides a stringent criterion for the possible phase transitions. Through a systematic numerical analysis of thermodynamic properties and correlation functions in the thermodynamic limit, we prove that the model exhibits a single Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition only, which is driven by the unbinding of $1/3$ fractional vortex-antivortex pairs determined at $T_{c}\simeq 0.075J_{1}$ accurately. The absence of long-range order of chirality or quasi-long range order of integer vortices has been verified in the whole finite temperature range. Thus the long-standing controversy about the phase transitions in this fully frustrated XY model on the kagome lattice is solved rigorously, which provides a plausible way to understand the charge-6e superconducting phase observed experimentally in the two-dimensional kagome superconductors.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures, submitted version for publication
Spain in the international urban networks around the First World War
Creators: name: Garcia Gonzalez, Maria Christina
name: Guerrero, Salvador
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: The neutrality of Spain during First World War brought with it a significant economic growth. Then, Spain timidly joined the town planning forums of meetings, debates and exchanges that took place in the post-war European era. Some Spanish public institutions as the Instituto de Reformas Sociales, responsible for the social housing policy, and the City Councils of Madrid, Barcelona and Bilbao, which tried to order their development; private institutions such as the Compañía Madrileña de Urbanización, promoter of the Madrid Linear City by Arturo Soria, and the Civic Society Ciudat Jardí in Barcelona, diffuser of the Garden City movement in Catalonia; and the first Town Planning Professor in the School of Architecture of Madrid, César Cort, attended different congresses looking for a solution to the housing problem along with the town planning extension issue. The aim of this paper is to show the Spanish town planners and technicians who participated in the international urban networks in order to consolidate the Spanish urbanism through the new technical, theoretical and legal tools that were being implemented in Europe. They also attended to proudly show some Spanish advances.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning
Supporting Regularized Logistic Regression Privately and Efficiently
Creators: name: Li, Wenfa
name: Liu, Hongzhe
name: Yang, Peng
name: Xie, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: As one of the most popular statistical and machine learning models, logistic regression with regularization has found wide adoption in biomedicine, social sciences, information technology, and so on. These domains often involve data of human subjects that are contingent upon strict privacy regulations. Increasing concerns over data privacy make it more and more difficult to coordinate and conduct large-scale collaborative studies, which typically rely on cross-institution data sharing and joint analysis. Our work here focuses on safeguarding regularized logistic regression, a widely-used machine learning model in various disciplines while at the same time has not been investigated from a data security and privacy perspective. We consider a common use scenario of multi-institution collaborative studies, such as in the form of research consortia or networks as widely seen in genetics, epidemiology, social sciences, etc. To make our privacy-enhancing solution practical, we demonstrate a non-conventional and computationally efficient method leveraging distributing computing and strong cryptography to provide comprehensive protection over individual-level and summary data. Extensive empirical evaluation on several studies validated the privacy guarantees, efficiency and scalability of our proposal. We also discuss the practical implications of our solution for large-scale studies and applications from various disciplines, including genetic and biomedical studies, smart grid, network analysis, etc.
A Precision Test of AdS/CFT with Flavor
Creators: name: Karch, Andreas
name: Robinson, Brandon
name: Uhlemann, Christoph F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter we put AdS/CFT dualities involving probe branes to a precision test. On the holographic side we use a new class of supersymmetric D7-brane embeddings into AdS$_5\times$S$^5$, which allow to describe N=4 SYM coupled to massive N=2 supersymmetric flavors on S$^4$. With these embeddings we can compare holographic results to a field theory analysis of the free energy using supersymmetric localization. Localization allows us to get results at strong coupling, and hence to compare in detail to AdS/CFT. We find analytically matching results: a phase transition at the same critical mass in both calculations and matching free energies up to a scheme-dependent constant in both phases.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure
The Landscape: Italy and Russia
Creators: name: Maximova, Olga
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: The paper presents the results of the PhD research of author supported by the Erasmus Mundus Action 2 Programme of the European Union. The paper is dedicated to the landscape planning after European Landscape Convention, in particularly to the Italian experience, demonstrates the differences of understanding the landscape related to social, linguistic, economic, environmental aspects and its interrelationship. European Landscape Convention (Florence, 2000) defined that landscape has “an important public interest role in the cultural, ecological, environmental and social fields”. These intends various possibilities for new programs, for new tools, for new process and activity in regard the city as a landscape. The research investigates the theme of landscaping planning in Italy to answer the main question of the thesis: how can the ELC's addresses be applied to the Russian case through experience of Italian landscape planning. To achieve this goal, has been verified: the process of integrating the European Landscape Convention, the Italian legislative system and landscape planning tools.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning
Long-range attraction of particles adhered to lipid vesicles
Creators: name: Sarfati, Raphael
name: Dufresne, Eric R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many biological systems fold thin sheets of lipid membrane into complex three-dimensional structures. This microscopic origami is often mediated by the adsorption and self-assembly of proteins on a membrane. As a model system to study adsorption-mediated interactions, we study the collective behavior of micrometric particles adhered to a lipid vesicle. We estimate the colloidal interactions using a maximum likelihood analysis of particle trajectories. When the particles are highly wrapped by a tense membrane, we observe strong long-range attractions with a typical binding energy of 150 $k_B T$ and significant forces extending a few microns.
High-contrast imaging of Sirius~A with VLT/SPHERE: Looking for giant planets down to one astronomical unit
Creators: name: Vigan, A.
name: Gry, C.
name: Salter, G.
name: Mesa, D.
name: Homeier, D.
name: Moutou, C.
name: Allard, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sirius has always attracted a lot of scientific interest, especially after the discovery of a companion white dwarf at the end of the 19th century. Very early on, the existence of a potential third body was put forward to explain some of the observed properties of the system. We present new coronagraphic observations obtained with VLT/SPHERE that explore, for the very first time, the innermost regions of the system down to 0.2" (0.5 AU) from Sirius A. Our observations cover the near-infrared from 0.95 to 2.3 $μ$m and they offer the best on-sky contrast ever reached at these angular separations. After detailing the steps of our SPHERE/IRDIFS data analysis, we present a robust method to derive detection limits for multi-spectral data from high-contrast imagers and spectrographs. In terms of raw performance, we report contrasts of 14.3 mag at 0.2", ~16.3 mag in the 0.4-1.0" range and down to 19 mag at 3.7". In physical units, our observations are sensitive to giant planets down to 11 $M_{Jup}$ at 0.5 AU, 6-7 $M_{Jup}$ in the 1-2 AU range and ~4 $M_{Jup}$ at 10 AU. Despite the exceptional sensitivity of our observations, we do not report the detection of additional companions around Sirius A. Using a Monte Carlo orbital analysis, we show that we can reject, with about 50% probability, the existence of an 8 $M_{Jup}$ planet orbiting at 1 AU. In addition to the results presented in the paper, we provide our SPHERE/IFS data reduction pipeline at http://people.lam.fr/vigan.arthur/ under the MIT license.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
repgenHMM: a dynamic programming tool to infer the rules of immune receptor generation from sequence data
Creators: name: Elhanati, Yuval
name: Marcou, Quentin
name: Mora, Thierry
name: Walczak, Aleksandra M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The diversity of the immune repertoire is initially generated by random rearrangements of the receptor gene during early T and B cell development. Rearrangement scenarios are composed of random events -- choices of gene templates, base pair deletions and insertions -- described by probability distributions. Not all scenarios are equally likely, and the same receptor sequence may be obtained in several different ways. Quantifying the distribution of these rearrangements is an essential baseline for studying the immune system diversity. Inferring the properties of the distributions from receptor sequences is a computationally hard problem, requiring enumerating every possible scenario for every sampled receptor sequence. We present a Hidden Markov model, which accounts for all plausible scenarios that can generate the receptor sequences. We developed and implemented a method based on the Baum-Welch algorithm that can efficiently infer the parameters for the different events of the rearrangement process. We tested our software tool on sequence data for both the alpha and beta chains of the T cell receptor. To test the validity of our algorithm, we also generated synthetic sequences produced by a known model, and confirmed that its parameters could be accurately inferred back from the sequences. The inferred model can be used to generate synthetic sequences, to calculate the probability of generation of any receptor sequence, as well as the theoretical diversity of the repertoire. We estimate this diversity to be $\approx 10^{23}$ for human T cells. The model gives a baseline to investigate the selection and dynamics of immune repertoires.
Screening Disinfection Byproducts and Phenolic Compounds for Estrogenic Activity
Creators: name: Ebohon, Paul
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2011

description: Very few of the more than 600 individual disinfection byproducts (DBPs) identified in drinking water are currently regulated based on their carcinogenic potential. Endocrine disruption is another potential mechanism through which DBPs could affect human health but limited research has evaluated this threat. This thesis evaluates the potential endocrine activity of several DBPs and phenolic compounds using an in vitro yeast estrogen screen. The rank order of tested compounds demonstrates that while estrogenic activity is observed only at concentrations that are two to three orders of magnitude higher than typical environmental concentrations, the unregulated DBPs such as mucochloric acid and dibromoacetonitrile show higher potency than the regulated dibromo- and trichloroacetic acids. It is also clear that the presence of a halogen in the DBP is responsible for the observed estrogenic activity since the non halogenated structures (acetic acid and acetonitrile) showed no activity in the same concentration range.
Seoul’s morphology as ‘Apartment Complex City’ shaped by housing development methods
Creators: name: Hwang, Soe Won
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: Seoul has materialized a unique built form on its urban terrain through aggressively constructing apartment complexes, a large-scale, single-parcel private territory, over the last half-a-century. The historical formation of apartment complexes differs significantly based on elements such as the development policies in each period, development mechanisms, the degree of public control, and the extent of private engagement. The research will examine the consequences of the entire ‘apartment complexes’ in Seoul and their morphological characteristics, particularly affected by development methods over time. The analysis is composed of (1) basic historical overview on planning policies and development methods that principally encouraged the apartment complex construction in the context of Seoul’s urban expansion since the 1970s and (2) morphological attribute of Seoul’s entire apartment complexes (2,172). The formal characteristics of apartment complexes are analysed in term of such morphological elements as plot (apartment complex as single parcel), building, street and density among others. The morphological characteristic in relation to development method provides insights related to genesis aspects of apartment complex emergence regarding its morphological characteristics. By focusing on morphological aspect, the study intends to examine the spatial manifestation of massive apartment complex building that has formed and transformed Seoul over the modernization years
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning
Relativistic Corrections in White Dwarf Asteroseismology
Creators: name: Boston, S Reece
name: Evans, Charles R
name: Clemens, J Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the precision now afforded by modern space-based photometric observations from the retired K2 and current TESS missions, the effects of general relativity (GR) may be detectable in the light curves of pulsating white dwarfs (WDs). Almost all WD models are calculated using a Newtonian description of gravity and hydrodynamics. To determine if inclusion of GR leads to observable effects, we used idealized models of compact stars and made side-by-side comparison of mode periods computed using a (i) Newtonian and (ii) GR description of the equilibrium structure and nonradial pulsations. For application to white dwarfs, it is only necessary to include the first post-Newtonian (1PN) approximation to GR. The mathematical nature of the linear nonradial pulsation problem is then qualitatively unchanged and the GR corrections can be written as extensions of the classic Dziembowski equations. As such, GR effects might easily be included in existing asteroseismology codes. The idealized stellar models are (i) \pn1 relativistic polytropes and (ii) stars with cold degenerate-electron equation of state featuring a near-surface chemical transition from $μ_e = 2$ to $μ_e = 1$, simulating a surface hydrogen layer. Comparison of Newtonian and 1PN normal mode periods reveals fractional differences on the order of the surface gravitational redshift $z$. For a typical WD, this fractional difference is $\sim 10^{-4}$ and is greater than the period uncertainty $σ_Π/Π$ of many white dwarf pulsation modes observed by TESS. A consistent theoretical modeling of periods observed in these stars should in principle include GR effects to 1PN order.
From the National Housing Bank to the My Home My Life program
Creators: name: Alves Franca, Sarah Lucia
name: Rezende, Vera Lucia F.
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: This article comparatively analyzes the policies of the National Housing Bank – BNH, and the Habitation Program entitled My Home My Life, based on the locational logic of subsidized housing complexes in the city of Aracaju-SE, Brazil. In Brazil, two programs deserve special mention: BNH, created in 1964 as the financing body for the construction of social housing, producing thousands of housing units until 2002, opening up expansion fronts for the reproduction of the real estate market. In the second, the PMCMV, initiated in 2009, one of the biggest obstacles is access to urbanized land, with alternative to the occupation of scattered, devalued and deprived areas of environmental sanitation and public transportation. So, it is questioned to what extent the actions of the PMCMV, regarding the dynamics of housing production resemble or are distinguished from those undertaken by BNH? For the development of this, quantitative and qualitative information was collected in public agencies, generating tables and mapping the insertion of the enterprises in Aracaju. Thus, there are coincidences regarding the peripheral and dispersed logic of these sets, highlighting the clear socio-spatial segregation of the lower income strata, in the search for land valuation in function of public and private investments.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning
Bouncing and inflationary dynamics in quantum cosmology in the de Broglie-Bohm interpretation
Creators: name: Vicente, G. S.
name: Ramos, Rudnei O.
name: Magalhães, Vitória N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum cosmology of the flat Friedmann-Lema{î}tre-Robertson-Walker Universe, filled with a scalar field, is considered in the de Broglie-Bohm (dBB) interpretation framework. A stiff-matter quantum bounce solution is obtained. The bouncing and subsequent pre-inflationary and inflationary dynamics are studied in details. We consider some representative primordial inflation models as examples, for which analytical expressions characterizing the dynamical quantities can be explicitly derived. The dependence of the inflationary dynamics on the quantum bounce parameters is then analyzed. The parameters emerging from our description are constrained by requiring the produced dynamics to be in accordance with some key cosmological quantities. The constraining conditions are also illustrated through regions of parameter space in terms of the bounce quantities.
description: Replaced with version matching the published one
Cold Dust Emission from X-ray AGN in the SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey: Dependence on Luminosity, Obscuration & AGN Activity
Creators: name: Banerji, Manda
name: McMahon, R. G.
name: Willott, C. J.
name: Geach, J. E.
name: Harrison, C. M.
name: Alaghband-Zadeh, S.
name: Alexander, D. M.
name: Bourne, N.
name: Coppin, K. E. K.
name: Dunlop, J. S.
name: Farrah, D.
name: Jarvis, M.
name: Michalowski, M. J.
name: Page, M.
name: Smith, D. J. B.
name: Swinbank, A. M.
name: Symeonidis, M.
name: Van der Werf, P. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the 850um emission in X-ray selected AGN in the 2 sq-deg COSMOS field using new data from the SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey. We find 19 850um bright X-ray AGN in a high-sensitivity region covering 0.89 sq-deg with flux densities of S850=4-10 mJy. The 19 AGN span the full range in redshift and hard X-ray luminosity covered by the sample - 0.71 X-ray AGN - S850=0.71+/-0.08mJy. We explore trends in the stacked 850um flux densities with redshift, finding no evolution in the average cold dust emission over the redshift range probed. For Type 1 AGN, there is no significant correlation between the stacked 850um flux and hard X-ray luminosity. However, in Type 2 AGN the stacked submm flux is a factor of 2 higher at high luminosities. When averaging over all X-ray luminosities, no significant differences are found in the stacked submm fluxes of Type 1 and Type 2 AGN as well as AGN separated on the basis of X-ray hardness ratios and optical-to-infrared colours. However, at log10(LX) >44.4, dependences in average submm flux on the optical-to-infrared colours become more pronounced. We argue that these high luminosity AGN represent a transition from a secular to a merger-driven evolutionary phase where the star formation rates and accretion luminosities are more tightly coupled. Stacked AGN 850um fluxes are compared to the stacked fluxes of a mass-matched sample of K-band selected non-AGN galaxies. We find that at 10.5
description: MNRAS In Press; 16 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables + 3 Appendices
Plug-and-Play Methods for Integrating Physical and Learned Models in Computational Imaging
Creators: name: Kamilov, Ulugbek S.
name: Bouman, Charles A.
name: Buzzard, Gregery T.
name: Wohlberg, Brendt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Plug-and-Play Priors (PnP) is one of the most widely-used frameworks for solving computational imaging problems through the integration of physical models and learned models. PnP leverages high-fidelity physical sensor models and powerful machine learning methods for prior modeling of data to provide state-of-the-art reconstruction algorithms. PnP algorithms alternate between minimizing a data-fidelity term to promote data consistency and imposing a learned regularizer in the form of an image denoiser. Recent highly-successful applications of PnP algorithms include bio-microscopy, computerized tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and joint ptycho-tomography. This article presents a unified and principled review of PnP by tracing its roots, describing its major variations, summarizing main results, and discussing applications in computational imaging. We also point the way towards further developments by discussing recent results on equilibrium equations that formulate the problem associated with PnP algorithms.
Poisson algebras for non-linear field theories in the Cahiers topos
Creators: name: Benini, Marco
name: Schenkel, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 70S05, 51K10, 18F20, 17B63

description: We develop an approach to construct Poisson algebras for non-linear scalar field theories that is based on the Cahiers topos model for synthetic differential geometry. In this framework the solution space of the field equation carries a natural smooth structure and, following Zuckerman's ideas, we can endow it with a presymplectic current. We formulate the Hamiltonian vector field equation in this setting and show that it selects a family of observables which forms a Poisson algebra. Our approach provides a clean splitting between geometric and algebraic aspects of the construction of a Poisson algebra, which are sufficient to guarantee existence, and analytical aspects that are crucial to analyze its properties.
description: v2: 24 pages; compatible with version to appear in Annales Henri Poincare
Wigner function dynamics with boundaries expressed as convolution
Creators: name: Seidov, S. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present paper a method of finding the dynamics of the Wigner function of a particle in an infinite quantum well is developed. Starting with the problem of a reflection from an impenetrable wall, the obtained solution is then generalized to the case of a particle confined in an infinite well in arbitrary dimensions. It is known, that boundary value problems in the phase space formulation of the quantum mechanics are surprisingly tricky. The complications arise from nonlocality of the expression involved in calculation of the Wigner function. Several ways of treating such problems were proposed. They are rather complicated and even exotic, involving, for example, corrections to the kinetic energy proportional to the derivatives of the Dirac delta--function. The presented in the manuscript approach is simpler both from analytical point of view and regarding numerical calculation. The solution is brought to a form of convolution of the free particle solution with some function, defined by the shape of the well. This procedure requires calculation of an integral, which can be done by developed analytical and numerical methods.
Bootstrapping the $a$-anomaly in $4d$ QFTs
Creators: name: Karateev, Denis
name: Marucha, Jan
name: Penedones, João
name: Sahoo, Biswajit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study gapped 4d quantum field theories (QFTs) obtained from a relevant deformation of a UV conformal field theory (CFT). For simplicity, we assume the existence of a $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry and a single $\mathbb{Z}_2$-odd stable particle and no $\mathbb{Z}_2$-even particles at low energies. Using unitarity, crossing and the assumption of maximal analyticity we compute numerically a lower bound on the value of the $a$-anomaly of the UV CFT as a function of various non-perturbative parameters describing the two-to-two scattering amplitude of the particle.
description: 41 pages + appendices, 20 figures. In v2 section 2 improved, minor updates, references added
Assessing consistency between CMB temperature and polarization measurements, with application to Planck, ACT and SPT
Creators: name: La Posta, Adrien
name: Natale, Umberto
name: Calabrese, Erminia
name: Garrido, Xavier
name: Louis, Thibaut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Planck's Cosmic Microwave Background temperature and polarization observations are the premier dataset for constraining cosmological models. Cosmic variance limited temperature at large and intermediate scales today dominates the constraints; polarization provides additional constraining power and further scrutiny of the models. To complete this picture from Planck, ground-based experiments, such as the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) and the South Pole Telescope (SPT) continue to add temperature and polarization measurements at small scales, allowing for the extraction of competitive cosmological constraints from the $TE$ and $EE$ power spectra. Matching at the same time all these stringent probes is a key challenge and validation step for any cosmological model. In particular, $Λ$CDM requires a tight consistency between the temperature and polarization measurements. In this paper, we present a number of methods to identify and quantify possible inconsistencies between temperature and polarization, we apply them to the latest Planck, ACT and SPT data and find no evidence for a deviation from $Λ$CDM. Application of these methods will have increased importance for future, more constraining CMB data.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures
Bosonization, cocycles, and the D1-D5 CFT on the covering surface
Creators: name: Burrington, Benjamin A.
name: Peet, Amanda W.
name: Zadeh, Ida G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the D1-D5 CFT near the orbifold point, specifically the computation of correlators involving twist sector fields using covering surface techniques. As is well known, certain twists introduce spin fields on the cover. Here we consider the bosonization of fermions to facilitate computations involving the spin fields. We find a set of cocycle operators that satisfy constraints coming from various $SU(2)$ symmetries, including the $SU(2)_L\times SU(2)_R$ R-symmetry. Using these cocycles, we consider the correlator of four spin fields on the cover, and show that it is invariant under all of the $SU(2)$ symmetries of the theory. We consider the mutual locality of operators, and compute several three-point functions. These computations lead us to a notion of radial ordering on the cover that is inherited from the original computation before lifting. Further, we note that summing over orbifold images sets certain branch-cut ambiguous correlators to zero.
description: 29 pages, 1 figure
A unified density-matrix functional construction of quantum baths in density matrix embedding theory beyond the mean-field approximation
Creators: name: Sekaran, Sajanthan
name: Bindech, Oussama
name: Fromager, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The equivalence in one-electron quantum bath between the practical implementation of density matrix embedding theory (DMET) and the more recent Householder-transformed density matrix functional embedding theory has been shown previously in the standard but special case where the reference full-size (one-electron reduced) density matrix, from which the bath is constructed, is idempotent [J. Chem. Phys. 157, 214112 (2022)]. We prove mathematically that the equivalence remains valid when the density matrix is not idempotent anymore, thus allowing for the construction of correlated (one-electron) quantum baths. A density-matrix functional exactification of DMET is derived within the present unified quantum embedding formalism. Numerical examples reveal that the embedding cluster can be quite sensitive to the level of density-matrix functional approximation used for computing the reference density matrix.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, second revision
A search for particle showers at the edge of IceCube’s instrumented volume
Creators: name: Stößl, Johannes Achim
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neutrinos
subject: diffuser Fluss
subject: Kaskaden
subject: IceCube
subject: neutrinos
subject: diffuse flux
subject: cascades
subject: 530 Physik
subject: UO 9500

description: Unter den Methoden zur Suche nach Neutrino Ereignissen in IceCube versprechen Suchen nach Teilchenschauern, sogenannten Kaskaden eine gute Energieauflösung und einen verhätlnismässig geringen atmosphärischen Untergrund. Dadurch erreichen solche Suchen eine hohe Sensitivität für einen extraterrestrischen Neutrino Fluss. Bisher beschränkte sich die Suche nach solchen Ereignissen auf solche in einer inneren Region des IceCube Detektors. Das Detektorvolumen am Rand wurde bisher benutzt um den Untergrund von einfallenden atmosphärischen Muonen zu Unterdrücken. Diese Dissertation präsentiert eine Analyse von 2 Jahren IceCube Daten und demonstriert die Möglichkeit, diese Veto Region für die Suche nach kaskadenartigen Ereignissen zu nutzen. Dadurch wird das nutzbare Detektorvolumen um « 80% vergrößert und die Statistik im hochenergetischen Bereich des Neutrino Spektrums durch das Hinzufügen von 18 Neutrino Kandidaten im Energiebereich von 34 - 578 TeV erhöht. Das Ergebnis ist in Übereinstimmung mit dem etablierten Nachweis eines extraterrestrischen Neutrino Flusses, eine reine Untergrund Hypothese kan mit 2.7 sigma verworfen werden und die Daten favorisieren einen extraterrestrischen Neutrino Fluss mit einem ungebrochen Potenzgesetz mit einem Index von γ ^ 2.50+-0.28 in guter Übereinstimmung mit bisherigen Ergebnissen von IceCube.
description: Among the analysis strategies used in IceCube, searches for neutrinoinduced particle showers, so called cascades, provide good energy resolution and a relative low atmospheric background. Therefore, they provide large sensitivity to the extraterrestrial neutrino flux. Previously, these searches have been constrained to neutrino interactions in a center region of the instrumented volume. The volume at the border and surrounding the detector was needed to veto the incident atmospheric muon background. This dissertation presents an analysis of two years of IceCube data and demonstrates the feasibility of using the veto region for cascade searches. This increases the usable detector volume by « 80% and improves the statistic in the high-energy tail of the neutrino spectrum by adding 18 neutrino candidates in the energy range from 34 to 576 TeV. The result is supports the established evidence for the extraterrestrial neutrino flux by rejecting the pure atmospheric background hypothesis at the 2.7 sigma level, the data prefers an extraterrestrial neutrino flux with a featureless power law with an index of γ^2.50+-0.28 well in agreement with previous IceCube results.
High efficiency of collisional Penrose process requires heavy particle production
Creators: name: Ogasawara, Kota
name: Harada, Tomohiro
name: Miyamoto, Umpei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The center-of-mass energy of two particles can become arbitrarily large if they collide near the event horizon of an extremal Kerr black hole, which is called the Ba$\rm \tilde n$ados-Silk-West (BSW) effect. We consider such a high-energy collision of two particles which started from infinity and follow geodesics in the equatorial plane and investigate the energy extraction from such a high-energy particle collision and the production of particles in the equatorial plane. We analytically show that, on the one hand, if the produced particles are as massive as the colliding particles, the energy-extraction efficiency is bounded by $2.19$ approximately. On the other hand, if a very massive particle is to be produced as a result of the high-energy collision, which has negative energy and necessarily falls into the black hole, the upper limit of the energy-extraction efficiency is increased to $(2+\sqrt{3})^2 \simeq 13.9$. Thus, higher efficiency of the energy extraction, which is typically as large as 10, provides strong evidence for the production of a heavy particle.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure
The Controversial Star-Formation History and Helium Enrichment of the Milky Way Bulge
Creators: name: Nataf, David M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stellar population of the Milky Way bulge is thoroughly studied, with a plethora of measurements from virtually the full suite of instruments available to astronomers. It is thus perhaps surprising that alongside well-established results lies some substantial uncertainty in its star-formation history. Cosmological models predict the bulge to host the Galaxy's oldest stars for [Fe/H]$\lesssim -1$, and this is demonstrated by RR Lyrae stars and globular cluster observations. There is consensus that bulge stars with [Fe/H]$\lesssim0$ are older than $t \approx10$ Gyr. However, at super-solar metallicity, there is a substantial unresolved discrepancy. Data from spectroscopic measurements of the main-sequence turnoff and subgiant branch, the abundances of asymptotic giant branch stars, the period distribution of Mira variables, the chemistry and central-star masses of planetary nebulae, all suggest a substantial intermediate-age population ($t \approx 3$ Gyr). This is in conflict with predictions from cosmologically-motivated chemical evolution models and photometric studies of the main-sequence turnoff region, which both suggest virtually no stars younger than $t \approx 8$ Gyr. A possible resolution to this conflict is enhanced helium-enrichment, as this would shift nearly all of the age estimates in the direction of decreasing discrepancy. Enhanced helium-enrichment is also arguably suggested by measurements of the red giant branch bump and the R-parameter.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, contributed article to PASA special review issue on the Galactic Bulge, edited by Beatriz Barbuy, accepted for publication in PASA
Stochastic volatility modeling of high-frequency CSI 300 index and dynamic jump prediction driven by machine learning
Creators: name: Hui, Xianfei
name: Sun, Baiqing
name: SenGupta, Indranil
name: Zhou, Yan
name: Jiang, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: Mathematical Finance (q-fin.MF)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This paper models stochastic process of price time series of CSI 300 index in Chinese financial market, analyzes volatility characteristics of intraday high-frequency price data. In the new generalized Barndorff-Nielsen and Shephard model, the lag caused by asynchrony of market information is considered, and the problem of lack of long-term dependence is solved. To speed up the valuation process, several machine learning and deep learning algorithms are used to estimate parameter and evaluate forecast results. Tracking historical jumps of different magnitudes offers promising avenues for simulating dynamic price processes and predicting future jumps. Numerical results show that the deterministic component of stochastic volatility processes would always be captured over short and longer-term windows. Research finding could be suitable for influence investors and regulators interested in predicting market dynamics based on realized volatility.
High-performance Kerr quantum battery
Creators: name: Ukhtary, Muhammad Shoufie
name: Nugraha, Ahmad R. T.
name: Cahaya, Adam B.
name: Rusydi, Andrivo
name: Majidi, Muhammad Aziz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose and investigate the performance of a hybrid quantum battery, the so-called Kerr quantum battery, which consists of two interacting quantum oscillators, i.e., the charger is a harmonic oscillator and the battery is an anharmonic oscillator involving the Kerr nonlinearity. Such a setup creates nonuniform spacing between energy levels of the quantum oscillator that increases with the energy level. We find that the Kerr quantum battery can store more energy than the qubit battery and reaches maximum stored energy faster than the harmonic oscillator battery. In particular, the average charging power of the Kerr quantum battery is larger than the qubit battery. Furthermore, most of the stored energy in the Kerr quantum battery can be extracted for work. All of the properties of the Kerr quantum battery are controlled by the strength of nonlinearity, in which the enhancement of the nonlinearity transforms the battery from a harmonic oscillator to a qubit.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, re-submitted to Appl. Phys. Lett
Formalizing Abstract Computability: Turing Categories in Coq
Creators: name: Vinogradova, Polina
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Category theory
Turing categories
Computability
Calculus of Inductive Constructions (CIC)
Formalization
Coq proof assistant

description: The concept of a recursive function has been extensively studied using traditional tools of computability theory. However, with the development of category-theoretic methods it has become possible to study recursion in a more general (abstract) sense. The particular model this thesis is structured around is known as a Turing category. The structure within a Turing category models the notion of partiality as well as recursive computation, and equips us with the tools of category theory to study these concepts. The goal of this work is to build a formal language description of this computation model. Specifically, to use the Coq proof assistant to formulate informal definitions, propositions and proofs pertaining to Turing categories in the underlying formal language of Coq, the Calculus of Co-inductive Constructions (CIC). Furthermore, we have instantiated the more general Turing category formalism with a CIC description of the category which models the language of partial recursive functions exactly.
Intensifying Gated Exclusiveness of Apartment Complex Boundary Design in Seoul, Korea
Creators: name: Kim, Hyo-Jin
name: Hwang, Soe Won
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: The proliferation of private residential development is evident worldwide. In Seoul, these developments have distinctive spatial and morphological characteristics. Originally, government housing policies drove the construction of apartment complexes to ensure massive housing supply. Over time, development shifted, becoming more market-driven, aimed at the middle class, and built by the private sector. During the late 1990s, an increase in luxury high-rise apartment complexes increased, reflecting a tendency to live in a socioeconomically homogeneous community and propelling the proliferation of self-contained gated communities. To understand the continually increasing exclusive nature of apartment complexes in Seoul, we examine two areas with apartment complexes of different periods and development methods: Mok-dong, where the 1980s ‘Housing Site Development’ resulted in the simultaneous construction of multiple apartment complexes according to a single master-plan, and Geumho-dong, a neighbourhood transforming by apartment complexes under ‘Housing Redevelopment’ from the 1980s to the present. The research focused on 28 complexes, and measured the surrounding vertical borders, pedestrian paths, and roadways, and access control. Tracing these features over time, we investigated the increasingly exclusive nature and decreasing public nature of apartment complexes, consequences of development for physical and social space during different periods, and degree of public or private intervention.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning
Electronic structure and photoluminescence properties of Zn-ion implanted silica glass before and after thermal annealing
Creators: name: Zatsepin, D. A.
name: Zatsepin, A. F.
name: Boukhvalov, D. W.
name: Kurmaev, E. Z.
name: Pchelkina, Z. V.
name: Gavrilov, N. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The results of XPS core-level and valence band measurements, photoluminescence spectra of a-SiO2 implanted by Zn-ions (E=30 keV, D=1*1017 cm^-2) and Density Functional Theory calculations of electronic structure as well as formation energies of structural defects in silica glass induced by Zn-ion implantation are presented. Both theory and experiment show that it is energetically more favorable for implanted zinc ions to occupy the interstitial positions instead of cation substitution. As a result, the Zn-ions embedded to interstitials, form chemical bonds with the surrounding oxygen atoms, formation ZnO-like nanoparticles and oxygen-deficient SiOx matrix. The subsequent thermal annealing at 900 0C (1 hr) strongly reduces the amount of ZnO nanoparticles and induces the formation of α-Zn2SiO4 phase which markedly enhances the green emission.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures, accepted to J. Non-Crystalline Solids
Upholding the diffraction limit in the focusing of light and sound
Creators: name: Maznev, A. A.
name: Wright, O. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The concept of the diffraction limit put forth by Ernst Abbe and others has been an important guiding principle limiting our ability to tightly focus classical waves, such as light and sound, in the far field. In the past decade, numerous reports have described focusing or imaging with light and sound "below the diffraction limit". We argue that the diffraction limit defined in a reasonable way, for example in terms of the upper bound on the wave numbers corresponding to the spatial Fourier components of the intensity profile, or in terms of the spot size into which at least 50% of the incident power can be focused, still stands unbroken to this day. We review experimental observations of "subwavelength" or "sub-diffraction-limit" focusing, which can be principally broken down into three broad categories: (i) "super-resolution", i.e. the technique based on the modification of the pupil of the optical system to reduce the width of the central maximum in the intensity distribution at the expense of increasing side bands; (ii) solid immersion lenses, making use of metamaterials with a high effective index; (iii) concentration of intensity by a subwavelength structure such as an antenna. Even though a lot of interesting work has been done along these lines, none of the hitherto performed experiments violated the sensibly defined diffraction limit.