Additional file 1 of Feasibility of virtual T2-weighted fat-saturated breast MRI images by convolutional neural networks
Creators: name: Liebert, Andrzej
name: Hadler, Dominique
name: Ehring, Chris
name: Schreiter, Hannes
name: Brock, Luise
name: Kapsner, Lorenz A.
name: Eberle, Jessica
name: Erber, Ramona
name: Emons, Julius
name: Laun, Frederik B.
name: Uder, Michael
name: Wenkel, Evelyn
name: Ohlmeyer, Sabine
name: Bickelhaupt, Sebastian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Fig. S1. Example of binary masks generated using the in-house algorithm of every 10th slice for three examinations (a, b, c). It can be noted that the masks include both breast volume as well as parts of the heart, thorax and lung. Supplemental Fig. S2. Exemplary case of a 67-year-old patient undergoing diagnostic MRI with a malignant mass lesion in the right breast (white arrow). Histopathology confirmed breast carcinoma nonspecific type. Images of the Input sequences are presented in top two rows, except for the T1w subtraction image of the second time point which is presented for the viewer’s reference. Original T2w-FS image and the results of VirtuT2w generated images using one of the four clinically relevant protocols are presented in the bottom row. Two findings (marked with white and yellow arrow) can be noted in the right breast on the T1w subtraction image. First finding is a mass-enhancing lesion (white arrow) which shows high signal intensities both in the T1w-CE images, in the T2w image as well as in the DWI acquisitions. Second finding (yellow arrow) shows non-mass-enhancement with lower signal intensity levels. This NME region might be considered as potentially indicative of malignancy due to the typical diffuse appearance of the edema around it in the T2w-FS image. Similar diffuse appearance of the edema can be observed in the VirtuT2w-ABCE+UEP image and in the VirtuT2w-FBP image. Supplemental Fig. S3. Exemplary case of a 67-year-old patient undergoing diagnostic MRI with a malignant mass lesion in the left breast (white arrow). Histopathology confirmed breast carcinoma non-specific type. Images of the Input sequences are presented in top two rows, except for the T1w subtraction image of the second time point which is presented for the viewer’s reference. Original T2w-FS image and the results of VirtuT2w generated images using one of the four clinically relevant protocols. Comparable hyperintensity patterns can be observed across all four VirtuT2w results with an increased level of blurring visible in both UEP and ABCE acquisitions. Supplemental Fig. S4. Exemplary case of a 47-year-old patient undergoing MRI as part of high-risk screening without any malignant visible lesions. High amount of dense fibroglandular tissue can be observed for the patient. Images of the input sequences are presented in top two rows, except for the T1w subtraction image of the second time point which is presented for the viewer’s reference. Original T2w-FS image and the results of VirtuT2w generated images using one of the four clinically relevant protocols. Limited hyperintensity of the breast parenchyma can be observed in the VirtuT2w – ABCE images while signal intensity of the breast parenchyma comparable to the original T2w acquisition can be observed in the all three other VirtuT2w images. Stronger image blurring can be observed in the VirtuT2w – UEP image. Supplemental Fig. S5. Exemplary case of a 51-year-old patient u undergoing MRI as part of high-risk screening without any malignant visible lesions. High amount of dense fibroglandular tissue can be observed for the patient. Images of the input sequences are presented in top two rows. Original T2w-FS image and the results of VirtuT2w generated images using one of the four clinically relevant protocols are presented in the bottom row. VirtuT2w -UEP image shows significant level of blurring. VirtuT2w – ABCE image shows a decreased level of breast parenchyma signal intensity in comparison to the original T2w-FS image as well as against the other three VirtuT2w images.