cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Gasoline Prices on Internet Purchases
Creators: name: Martens, Andrea
name: Martens, Andrea
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: carbon tax
subject: gasoline prices
subject: retail

description: The proposition of a carbon tax has reinvigorated the discussion about the price elasticity of gasoline demand. This paper analyzes how consumers react to higher gas prices in a new setting, examining whether they choose Internet purchasing over in-store purchasing when gas prices increase. Prior studies of Internet purchases have focused mainly on local sales tax rates, traditional retail options, and prices. This is the first study to incorporate transportation costs directly, studying 155,000 households across the U.S. from 2008 through 2009. The impact of gas prices on individuals' transportation budget depends on the fuel efficiency of their vehicles, on the distance that they need to drive, and on the availability of alternate public transportation options. I take all those factors into account. The tax avoidance argument for online shopping implies that individuals who live in locations with higher sales taxes are more likely to purchase online. I analyze the latter at the zipcode level. I also explore how shopping opportunities impact online purchases, taking the number of brick-and-mortar stores in a particular zipcode into account. Another motivation for online shopping relates to consumers' time value. I study whether individuals with less free time due to working full time and time commitments such as small children purchase more online. I also analyze how individual's demographic characteristics, such as age, gender, and education, influence online shopping. I control for holidays on which there are sales and for holidays on which presents are exchanged. When gas prices are high, there is an income effect that leads to less purchases overall. I take this into account by computing the cost of commuting to work, which depends on the distance to the workplace, the retail gas price, and the fuel efficiency of the vehicle. I also include an interaction effect between income and gas prices. In addition, I use a dummy variable indicating whether respondents answered that one of the reason not to drive was ``high gas prices''. I find that individual demographic characteristics matter most as determinants of online shopping. People who purchase online more frequently tend to be female, work full time, and have small children. The availability of traditional shopping opportunities reduces the frequency of online purchases slightly, while there is no support for the tax avoidance hypothesis. Regarding the variable of most interest, I do not find a significant effect for the cost of filling the gasoline tank of an individual's vehicle on online purchases. Individuals whose work commute is costlier purchase less online, by way of an income effect. These results support prior studies about relatively inelastic gasoline demand.
Color superconductivity with self-consistent NJL-type model
Creators: name: Su, Li-Qun
name: Shi, Chao
name: xia, Yong-Hui
name: Zong, Hongshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, the NJL-type model is used to investigate the color superconductivity. The four-fermion interactions of the NJL-type model are Fierz-transformed into two different classes, i.e., the quark-antiquark and the quark-quark interaction channels, associated with the chiral symmetry breaking and color superconductivity respectively. We conclude that the weighting factor between quark-antiquark and quark-quark interaction channels has significance on the phase structure when the mean-field approximation is employed, and the baryon number density gives a tight constraint on the weighting factor of quark-antiquark interaction channels. Besides, the susceptibilities show that the color superconducting phase transition is of the second-order and takes place before the chiral crossover transition as quark number density increases. In the end, we study the critical temperatures $T_c$ of the color superconductivity and it agrees with the perturbative result of diquark condensate $Δ\approx0.57T_c$.
description: 8 pages, 11 figures
Prismosticta regalis Zolotuhin & Witt 2009
Creators: name: Wang, Xing
name: Wang, Min
name: Zolotuhin, Vadim V.
name: Hirowatari, Toshiya
name: Wu, Shipher
name: Huang, Guo-Hua
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Bombycidae
Prismosticta
Prismosticta regalis

description: 73. Prismosticta regalis Zolotuhin & Witt, 2009 (FIGURES 43 F–43G, 44C–44D & 44H)
Prismosticta regalis Zolotuhin & Witt, 2009, Entomofauna, suppl.16: 252. TL: China “Kuatun, Prov. Fukien”. Holotype: male (ZFMK) [examined].
Diagnosis. This species is characterized by the red-ocher wings, a forewing with a large trianglular transparent spot near the apex, distinct antemedial and submarginal lines, obscure medial and postmedial lines; a short and robust uncus, with two short triangular lobes; and a broad, spinulose gnathos.
Specimens examined. [FUJIAN] Jianning County: 1 male, Holotype deposited in ZFMK; [GUANGDONG] Ruyuan County (Nanling National NR): 2 male, 7.VI.2008, Min Wang & Hou-Shuai Wang leg. (SCAU); 1 male, 29.III.2003, Min Wang & Guo-Hua Huang leg. (SCAU); 2 males, 18.VIII.2003, Guo-Hua Huang & De-Yu Xin leg. (SCAU); 1 male, 26.IX.2003, Min Wang & Guo-Hua Huang leg. (SCAU); 1 male, 22–25.VII.2004, Liu-Sheng Chen leg. (SCAU); 1 male, 23.VII.2005, Liu-Sheng Chen leg. (SCAU); 1 male, 18–19.IX.2006, Liu-Sheng Chen & Min Wang leg. (SCAU); 1 male, 29.VII.2008, Liu-Sheng Chen & Hou-Shuai Wang leg. (SCAU); 1 male, 10.VIII.2009, Hou-Shuai Wang leg. (SCAU); [HAINAN] Ledong County (Jianfengling National NR): 3 males, 12.IV.2009, Min Wang leg. (SCAU); 1 male, 29.XI.2003, Min Wang & Guo-Hua Huang leg. (SCAU); Lingshui County (Diaoluoshan National NR): 2 males, 24.V.2004, Min Wang & Guo-Hua Huang leg. (SCAU).
Bionomics. The larval host is unknown.
Distribution. Mainland China (Fujian, Guangdong) and Hainan, Vietnam.
Remarks. This species is widely distributed in southern China and northern Vietnam.
description: Published as part of Wang, Xing, Wang, Min, Zolotuhin, Vadim V., Hirowatari, Toshiya, Wu, Shipher & Huang, Guo-Hua, 2015, The fauna of the family Bombycidae sensu lato (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Bombycoidea) from Mainland China, Taiwan and Hainan Islands, pp. 1-138 in Zootaxa 3989 (1) on page 110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3989.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/238716
Additional file 1 of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids with anti-Trypanosoma cruzi activity
Creators: name: Martinez-Peinado, Nieves
name: Cortes-Serra, Nuria
name: Torras-Claveria, Laura
name: Maria-Jesus Pinazo
name: Gascon, Joaquim
name: Bastida, Jaume
name: Alonso-Padilla, Julio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. EIMS spectra of the nine compounds used in the study. Figure S2. 1H NMR spectra of hippeastrine. Figure S3. BNZ and DTX dose-response curves. Both reference drugs were included in every assay as a control of drug inhibition. Anti-T. cruzi assays are represented by circles while Vero and HepG2 cell toxicity assays by squares and triangles, respectively.
Controlled quantum state transfer in $XX$ spin chains at the Quantum Speed Limit
Creators: name: Coden, Diego S. Acosta
name: Gómez, Sergio S.
name: Ferrón, Alejandro
name: Osenda, Omar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Quantum Speed Limit can be found in many different situations, in particular in the propagation of information through quantum spin chains. In homogeneous chains it implies that taking information from one extreme of the chain to the other will take a time $O(N/2)$, where $N$ is the chain length. Using Optimal Control Theory we design control pulses that achieve near perfect population transfer between the extremes of the chain at times on the order of $N/2$, or larger, depending on which features of the transfer process are to be studied. Our results show that the control pulses that govern the dynamical behaviour of chains with different lengths are closely related, that larger control times imply more complicated control pulses than those found at times on the order of $N/2$ and also larger driving energies. The pulses were constructed for control schemes involving one or two actuators in chains with exchange couplings without static disorder. Our results also show that the two actuator scheme is considerably more robust against the presence of static disorder than the scheme that uses just a single one.
Whitewashing history : social constructions of whiteness in Armstrong, B.C., 1890-1930
Creators: name: Bourgeois, Robyn S.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis examines the social construction of white racial identities in the small, rural British Columbia community of Armstrong during the time period 1890-1930. Focusing on public documents - newspapers and the minutes and legislation of the local city councils – I utilize an intersectional framework, incorporating critical race, feminist, anti-colonial, Marxist, and queer theory and scholarship to critically interrogate the construction of whiteness and its dominant status in Armstrong. Employing critical discourse analysis, this thesis dissects how whiteness was raced, classed, gendered, and sexualized within the public discourse of the community. My analysis of whiteness follows three major themes: land, morality, and weddings. In my discussion of land use, I demonstrate how racialized constructions of land use, which demonstrated the superior nature of white land use and the inferior nature of Chinese and First Nations land use, were employed by white Armstrong to affirm and reaffirm their dominant status in the community. Further white control over land was facilitated by the construction of the ideal white immigrant within newspaper-run immigration schemes. In my discussion of morality, I make clear that not only did moral issues divide white from non-white, but they also contributed to fracturing and hierarchical ordering within whiteness itself. Thus, while Christianity and alcohol helped divide white from non-white, issues pertaining to the moral training of white youth and temperance and the Women's Christian Temperance Union served to divide and order whiteness itself. Finally, in my discussion of weddings, I demonstrate how the institutionalization of middle-/upper-class weddings within the newspapers contributed to the establishment of gendered, classed, and sexualized norms [particularly a heterosexual norm] for white Armstrong. Further analysis of the heterosexual norm demonstrates a fractured white masculinity in the community. Finally, this section concludes with a discussion of the ideal white feminine ideals of wife and mother and the role that consumption played in establishing a fractured white femininity.
Symplectic groups are N-determined 2-compact groups
Creators: name: Vavpetic, A.
name: Viruel, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55P35

description: We show that for n>=3 the symplectic group Sp(n) is as a 2-compact group determined up to isomorphism by the isomorphism type of its maximal torus normalizer. This allows us to determine the integral homotopy type of Sp(n) among connected finite loop spaces with maximal torus.
Additional file 6 of Patient and clinician opinions of patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) in the management of patients with rare diseases: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Aiyegbusi, Olalekan Lee
name: Isa, Fatima
name: Kyte, Derek
name: Pankhurst, Tanya
name: Kerecuk, Larissa
name: Ferguson, James
name: Lipkin, Graham
name: Calvert, Melanie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Science Policy
Hematology

description: Additional file 6: Table S3. Practical considerations.
Rationally Addicted to Cigarettes, Alcohol and Coffee? A Pseudo Panel Approach
Creators: name: Koksal, Aycan
name: Wohlgenant, Michael K.
name: Koksal, Aycan
name: Wohlgenant, Michael K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: cigarette
subject: alcohol
subject: coffee
subject: rational addiction
subject: pseudo panel

description: In this paper, using pseudo panel data we analyze the relation between cigarette, alcohol, and coffee consumption within the rational addiction framework. Our purpose in this study is twofold. First, we want to get more insights about behavioral processes concerning cigarette, alcohol and coffee consumption. Second, we hope that our attempt to generalize rational addiction model to include three addictive goods will be useful to generate further research in the related literature. We found that cross price elasticity of cigarette with respect to alcohol price is negative, while cross price elasticity of alcohol with respect to cigarette price is positive. We believe that drinking works as a trigger for smoking especially in social settings like bars while it is also possible that people who want to cut cigarette consumption might increase alcohol consumption to cope with resulting stress, which induces an asymmetry in cross price elasticities. We did not find a strong relation between coffee consumption and the consumption of cigarette and alcohol. This finding does not rule out the possibility that coffee and cigarette are complements for certain people. However there is not a significant complementarity relationship when we look at the whole population.
Disformal couplings in a $Λ$CDM background cosmology
Creators: name: Dusoye, Avishek
name: de la Cruz-Dombriz, Alvaro
name: Dunsby, Peter
name: Nunes, Nelson J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coupled quintessence model with disformal couplings is treated here to mimic the $Λ$CDM background. Using this approach, the quintessence potential does not have to be specified. The model considers a generic fluid coupled to the quintessence, which is specified to be either dark matter or a relativistic fluid. The background consists of a cosmological constant and another uncoupled generic fluid, to cater for three studied scenarios. The cosmological dynamics is investigated for the coupled quintessence model, whose disformal couplings depend on the equation of state of both generic fluids. The scenario, whereby both generic fluids are dark matter, was further analyzed for an expansion history of the mimicking model. The analysis confirms that the mass scale of the quintessence influences the disformal characteristics of the dynamical system, which is portrayed by the evolution of an effective conformal coupling.
description: 32 pages, 11 figures, 5 tables, Version published in JCAP03(2021)002, minor changes
Nutrition in Central Uganda - An Estimation of a Minimum Cost Healthy Diet
Creators: name: Badirwang, Keeletlhoko Faith
name: Nakakeeto, Gertrude
name: Rudi, Jeta
name: Taylor, Daniel B.
name: Badirwang, Keeletlhoko Faith
name: Nakakeeto, Gertrude
name: Rudi, Jeta
name: Taylor, Daniel B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Central Uganda
subject: minimum cost diet
subject: malnutrition
subject: linear programming

description: This study makes use of linear programming methodology to design a minimum cost diet for the Central Ugandan region. We used a set of constraints on recommended levels of daily nutrient intake, recommended proportions of groups of foods, as well as preferences and food availability in Central Uganda, to design a minimum cost healthy daily diet. Several models were considered, each forcing at least one of the following frequently consumed staple foods: matooke, cassava, and rice. We found that the minimum costs of the optimal diets were lowest in the planting season of March and highest in the harvesting season of December.
A two-zone photohadronic scenario for EHBL-like behavior of Mrk 501
Creators: name: Sahu, Sarira
name: Fortin, Carlos E. Lopez
name: Hernandez, Luis H. Castañeda
name: Nagataki, Shigehiro
name: Rajpoot, Subhash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Major outbursts have been observed from the well-known high-energy peaked blazar Markarian 501 since its discovery in 1996. Especially, two episodes of very high energy gamma-ray flaring events during May-July 2005 and June 2012 are of special significance, when the source exhibited extreme HBL-like behavior. The successful standard photohadronic model seems inadequate to explain these extraneous behaviors. We propose a two-zone photohadronic scenario to overcome this problem. In this picture, the low energy regime (zone-1) of the spectrum follows the standard photohadronic interpretation, while the high energy regime (zone-2) of the spectrum is new, with a spectral index $δ_2\geq 3.1$, which is solely due to the extreme nature of the flaring event. We also estimate the bulk Lorentz factor corresponding to these extreme flaring events. By analyzing many flaring events before and after these extreme events we argue that the extreme HBL-like events are transient and may repeat in future.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, accepted in Astrophysical Journal
Prismosticta tianpinga Wang, X., Huang & Wang, M. 2011
Creators: name: Wang, Xing
name: Wang, Min
name: Zolotuhin, Vadim V.
name: Hirowatari, Toshiya
name: Wu, Shipher
name: Huang, Guo-Hua
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Bombycidae
Prismosticta
Prismosticta tianpinga

description: 74. Prismosticta tianpinga Wang, X., Huang & Wang, M., 2011 (FIGURES 43 H, 44E)
Prismosticta tianpinga Wang, X., Huang & Wang, M., 2011, Zootaxa 2895: 67. TL: Mt. Tianpingshan, Badagongshan National NR, Sangzhi County, Hunan Province, China ”. Holotype: male (SCAU) [examined].
Diagnosis. This species is characterized by the ochre green wings with a metallic luster, a forewing with a larger triangular transparent spot near the apex, and obscure antemedial, medial and postmedial lines.
Specimens examined. [HUNAN] Sangzhi County (Badagongshan National NR): 1 male, holotype deposited in SCAU with the label “Mt. Tianpingshan, Badagongshan National NR, Sangzhi County, Hunan Province, China, 14.V.2007, Liu-Sheng Chen, Zhen Li and Yang Long leg.”; 1 male, paratype same to the holotype except 6.V.2009, Guo-Hua Huang leg. (HUNAU); 1 male, 20.V.2010, Chun-Lin Liao leg. (HUNAU).
Bionomics. The larval host is unknown.
Distribution. Mainland China (Hunan).
Remarks. This species is apparently endemic to Hunan Province in China.
description: Published as part of Wang, Xing, Wang, Min, Zolotuhin, Vadim V., Hirowatari, Toshiya, Wu, Shipher & Huang, Guo-Hua, 2015, The fauna of the family Bombycidae sensu lato (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Bombycoidea) from Mainland China, Taiwan and Hainan Islands, pp. 1-138 in Zootaxa 3989 (1) on page 111, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3989.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/238716
Additional file 7 of Patient and clinician opinions of patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) in the management of patients with rare diseases: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Aiyegbusi, Olalekan Lee
name: Isa, Fatima
name: Kyte, Derek
name: Pankhurst, Tanya
name: Kerecuk, Larissa
name: Ferguson, James
name: Lipkin, Graham
name: Calvert, Melanie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Science Policy
Hematology

description: Additional file 7: Table S4. Facilitators and Barriers.
High Energy Emission from Magnetars
Creators: name: Thompson, C.
name: Beloborodov, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently discovered soft gamma-ray emission from the anomalous X-ray pulsar 1E 1841-045 has a luminosity L_g ~ 10^{36} ergs/s. This luminosity exceeds the spindown power by three orders of magnitude and must be fed by an alternative source of energy such as an ultrastrong magnetic field. A gradual release of energy in the stellar magnetosphere is expected if it is twisted and a strong electric current is induced on the closed field lines. We examine two mechanisms of gamma-ray emission associated with the gradual dissipation of this current. (1) A thin surface layer of the star is heated by the downward beam of current-carrying charges, which excite Langmuir turbulence in the layer. As a result, it can reach a temperature kT ~ 100 keV and emit bremsstrahlung photons up to this characteristic energy. (2) The magnetosphere is also a source of soft gamma rays at a distance of ~100 km from the star, where the electron cyclotron energy is in the keV range. A large electric field develops in this region in response to the outward drag force felt by the current-carrying electrons from the flux of keV photons leaving the star. A seed positron injected in this region undergoes a runaway acceleration and upscatters keV photons above the threshold for pair creation. The created pairs emit a synchrotron spectrum consistent with the observed 20-100 keV emission. This spectrum is predicted to extend to higher energies and reach a peak at ~1 MeV.
description: Astrophysical Journal, 634, 565 (2005)
The Impact of Nonfarm Activities on Agricultural Productivity in Rural China
Creators: name: Wang, Ye
name: Wang, Chenggang
name: Pan, Suwen
name: Wang, Ye
name: Wang, Chenggang
name: Pan, Suwen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Rural non-farm activities
subject: labor migration
subject: agricultural productivity
subject: infrastructure capital.

description: Although evidence abounds that the development of rural non-farm activities have increased rural household income and contributed to rural development, the underlying structure and mechanism of the linkage between agricultural productivity and non-farm activities is poorly understood. Using a unique panel dataset of Chinese villages, this article examines the mechanism by which non-farm activities influence agricultural productivity. I find that Chinese villages’ non-farm revenue has a significant positive effect on agricultural land productivity. Although non-farm activities do withdraw labor out of agriculture and therefore dampen land productivity, that negative effect is negligible in comparison with the land productivity improvement brought by nonfarm revenue-financed infrastructure capital investment.
An application of the two-stage, semi-parametric approach with double bootstrap to analyze technical efficiency of Critical Access Hospitals
Creators: name: Nedelea, I. Cristian
name: Fannin, James Matthew
name: Nedelea, I. Cristian
name: Fannin, James Matthew
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Critical Access Hospitals
subject: efficiency
subject: two-stage approach
subject: bootstrap

description: This study examines technical efficiency of Critical Access Hospitals (CAH) using a two-stage approach and bootstrap procedures for making valid inference about the impact of environmental variables on CAH efficiency. In the first stage, a data envelopment analysis (DEA) efficiency estimator is used to estimate technical efficiency of each hospital in the sample. In the second stage, efficiency scores are regressed on environmental variables using a truncated regression with bootstrap. Alternatively, a double bootstrap procedure is used, where bias-corrected DEA efficiency scores, obtained by means of bootstrap in the first stage, are used in the second stage bootstrapped truncated regression. While both procedures provide valid inference in the second stage analysis, the double bootstrap procedure has also been shown to improve statistical efficiency in the second stage truncated regression. Our results indicate that, while the two procedures yield in general similar and consistent results, only the double bootstrap procedure unveiled the direct association between Medicare cost-based reimbursement and CAH inefficiency.
High-significance Sunyaev-Zel'dovich measurement: Abell 1914 seen with the Arcminute Microkelvin Imager
Creators: name: AMI Collaboration
name: Barker, R.
name: Biddulph, P.
name: Bly, D.
name: Boysen, R.
name: Brown, A.
name: Clementson, C.
name: Crofts, M.
name: Culverhouse, T.
name: Czeres, J.
name: Dace, R.
name: D'Alessandro, R.
name: Doherty, P.
name: Duffett-Smith, P.
name: Duggan, K.
name: Ely, J.
name: Felvus, M.
name: Flynn, W.
name: Geisbuesch, J.
name: Grainge, K.
name: Grainger, W.
name: Hammet, D.
name: Hills, R.
name: Hobson, M.
name: Holler, C.
name: Jilley, R.
name: Jones, M.
name: Kaneko, T.
name: Kneissl, R.
name: Lancaster, K.
name: Lasenby, A.
name: Marshall, P.
name: Newton, F.
name: Norris, O.
name: Northrop, I.
name: Pooley, G.
name: Quy, V.
name: Saunders, R.
name: Scaife, A.
name: Schofield, J.
name: Scott, P.
name: Shaw, C.
name: Taylor, A.
name: Titterington, D.
name: Velic, M.
name: Waldram, E.
name: West, S.
name: Wood, B.
name: Yassin, G.
name: Zwart, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first detection of a Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (S-Z) decrement with the Arcminute Microkelvin Imager (AMI). We have made commissioning observations towards the cluster A1914 and have measured an integrated flux density of -8.61 mJy in a uv-tapered map with noise level 0.19 mJy/beam. We find that the spectrum of the decrement, measured in the six channels between 13.5-18GHz, is consistent with that expected for a S-Z effect. The sensitivity of the telescope is consistent with the figures used in our simulations of cluster surveys with AMI.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures, submitted to MNRAS Letters
Quality Choice, Competition and Vertical Relationship in a Market of Protected Designation of Origin
Creators: name: Bouamra-Mechemache, Zohra
name: Yu, Jianyu
name: Bouamra-Mechemache, Zohra
name: Yu, Jianyu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) is a public label that is used by the European Union as a tool to sustain the competitiveness and the profitability of agricultural sector and in particular to maintain rural activity in less favored areas. However, in PDO supply chain, many farmers deal with relatively few processing firms. In this framework, it is not clear that producers under such protective policy would have incentive to adopt costly measures to improve their product qualities and accept the restrictions on their production practices. Taking into account the vertical structure of the PDO supply chain, we develop a model of oligopoly and oligopsony competition to investigate the conditions under which PDO producers set high quality requirements on the production of the agricultural input. We find that even if raising quality does not imply additional willingness to pay from consumers, there is still scope for the PDO producers to choose a higher level of quality than the minimum quality standard. The outcome depends on the demand and technology characteristics, which will affect the oligopoly and oligopsony power of processors. In particular, farmers will prefer a higher quality standard than processors when the demand for PDO market is inelastic and the increase in quality generates an additional reduction in farmers’ return to scale.
A generic ensemble based deep convolutional neural network for semi-supervised medical image segmentation
Creators: name: Li, Ruizhe
name: Auer, Dorothee
name: Wagner, Christian
name: Chen, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep learning based image segmentation has achieved the state-of-the-art performance in many medical applications such as lesion quantification, organ detection, etc. However, most of the methods rely on supervised learning, which require a large set of high-quality labeled data. Data annotation is generally an extremely time-consuming process. To address this problem, we propose a generic semi-supervised learning framework for image segmentation based on a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN). An encoder-decoder based DCNN is initially trained using a few annotated training samples. This initially trained model is then copied into sub-models and improved iteratively using random subsets of unlabeled data with pseudo labels generated from models trained in the previous iteration. The number of sub-models is gradually decreased to one in the final iteration. We evaluate the proposed method on a public grand-challenge dataset for skin lesion segmentation. Our method is able to significantly improve beyond fully supervised model learning by incorporating unlabeled data.
description: Accepted for publication at IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI) 2020
Measurement of the gamma gamma -> pi+ pi- and gamma gamma -> K+ K- processes at energies of 2.4 - 4.1 GeV
Creators: name: Nakazawa, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured pi+pi- and K+K- production in two-photon collisions using 87.7 /fb of data collected with the Belle detector at the asymmetric energy e+e- collider KEKB. The cross sections are measured to high precision in the two-photon center-of-mass energy (W) range between 2.4 GeV < W < 4.1 GeV and angular region |cos theta^{*}| < 0.6. The cross section ratio sigma(gammagamma->K+K-)/sigma(gammagamma->pi+pi-) is measured to be 0.89 +- 0.04(stat) +- 0.15(syst) in the range of 3.0 GeV < W < 4.1 GeV, where the ratio is energy independent. We observe a sin^{-4} theta^{*} behavior of the cross section in the same W range. Production of chi_{c0} and chi_{c2} mesons is observed in both gammagamma -> pi+pi- and gammagamma -> K+K- modes.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Phys. Lett. B, errors relative to the two-photon decay width corrected
Additional file 4 of Patient and clinician opinions of patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) in the management of patients with rare diseases: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Aiyegbusi, Olalekan Lee
name: Isa, Fatima
name: Kyte, Derek
name: Pankhurst, Tanya
name: Kerecuk, Larissa
name: Ferguson, James
name: Lipkin, Graham
name: Calvert, Melanie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Science Policy
Hematology

description: Additional file 4: Table S1. Potential benefits of PROMs and views on selected questionnaires.
Additional file 5 of Patient and clinician opinions of patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) in the management of patients with rare diseases: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Aiyegbusi, Olalekan Lee
name: Isa, Fatima
name: Kyte, Derek
name: Pankhurst, Tanya
name: Kerecuk, Larissa
name: Ferguson, James
name: Lipkin, Graham
name: Calvert, Melanie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Science Policy
Hematology

description: Additional file 5: Table S2. Views of selected questionnaires.
Hertz potentials approach to the dynamical Casimir effect in cylindrical cavities of arbitrary section
Creators: name: Crocce, Martin
name: Dalvit, Diego A. R.
name: Lombardo, Fernando C.
name: Mazzitelli, Francisco D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the creation of photons in resonant cylindrical cavities with time dependent length. The physical degrees of freedom of the electromagnetic field are described using Hertz potentials. We describe the general formalism for cavities with arbitrary section. Then we compute explicitly the number of TE and TM motion-induced photons for cylindrical cavities with rectangular and circular sections. We also discuss the creation of TEM photons in non-simply connected cylindrical cavities.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, revtex4
The Dirichlet-to-Robin Transform
Creators: name: Bondurant, J. D.
name: Fulling, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple transformation converts a solution of a partial differential equation with a Dirichlet boundary condition to a function satisfying a Robin (generalized Neumann) condition. In the simplest cases this observation enables the exact construction of the Green functions for the wave, heat, and Schrodinger problems with a Robin boundary condition. The resulting physical picture is that the field can exchange energy with the boundary, and a delayed reflection from the boundary results. In more general situations the method allows at least approximate and local construction of the appropriate reflected solutions, and hence a "classical path" analysis of the Green functions and the associated spectral information. By this method we solve the wave equation on an interval with one Robin and one Dirichlet endpoint, and thence derive several variants of a Gutzwiller-type expansion for the density of eigenvalues. The variants are consistent except for an interesting subtlety of distributional convergence that affects only the neighborhood of zero in the frequency variable.
description: 31 pages, 5 figures; RevTeX
The Center of Activity in the CSS Superluminal Source 3C 138
Creators: name: Shen, Z. -Q.
name: Shang, L. -L.
name: Cai, H. -B.
name: Chen, X.
name: Jiang, D. R.
name: Chen, Y. -J.
name: Liu, X.
name: Yang, R.
name: Kameno, S.
name: Hirabayashi, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results from the first quasi-simultaneous multi-frequency (2.3, 5.0, 8.4 and 15 GHz) Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) observations of a compact steep spectrum (CSS) superluminal source 3C138. For the first time, the spectral distribution of the components within its central 10 milli-arcsecond (mas) region was obtained. This enables us to identify the component at the western end as the location of the nuclear activity on the assumption that the central engine is associated with one of the detected components. The possibility that none of these visible components is the true core is also discussed. The new measurements further clarify the superluminal motions of its inner jet components. The multi-frequency data reveal a convex spectrum in one jet component, inferring the existence of free-free absorption by the ambient dense plasma.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, accepted by ApJ
Solitons and soliton-antisoliton pairs of a Goldstone model in 3+1 dimensions
Creators: name: Paturyan, Vanush
name: Radu, Eugen
name: Tchrakian, D. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study finite energy static solutions to a global symmetry breaking model in 3+1 dimensions described by an isovector scalar field. The basic features of two different types of configurations are discussed, one of them corresponding to axially symmetric multisolitons with topological charge $n$, and the other one to unstable soliton-antisoliton pairs with zero topological charge.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
Has Kenyan Farmers’ Access to Markets and Services Improved? Panel Survey Evidence, 1997-2007
Creators: name: Chamberlin, Jordan
name: Jayne, Thomas S.
name: Chamberlin, Jordan
name: Jayne, Thomas S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Kenya
subject: markets
subject: food security
subject: Africa

description: This report uses panel data on 1,267 smallholder households to monitor changes in their access to markets and services. We find that Kenyan smallholders’ proximity to infrastructure, markets, and services has improved markedly over the last decade. These improvements, however, have not been uniformly distributed over either time or space. Farmers in high-potential areas of the country continue to enjoy closer proximity to most kinds of markets and services compared to low-potential areas, but the greatest relative improvements over the 1997-2007 period have been in areas of medium and low potential. We also distinguish between public and private investments in examining changes in smallholders’ access to markets. Changes deriving from public investments have tended to be most geographically equitable; private investments appear to have been relatively concentrated in the less productive farming areas of the country, possibly because earlier investments focused on high-potential areas, leaving unexploited investment opportunities in the less productive areas. These changes in smallholders’ access to markets may offer important insights about the private sector’s response to market liberalization in recent Kenyan history.
Determining staffing levels for a product inspection process
Creators: name: Liang, Liping
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A company seeks a methodology to determine staff levels for its product inspection system. This company produces a type of product that requires 100% inspection before being shipped. The system is a complex tandem queue with machines or operators working in parallel at each station and having dynamic interaction between the inspection rates at two of the stations. The products to be inspected arrive at the inspection system stochastically, with the volume fluctuating considerably with time. However, the expected volume is partially predictable by time of day. If congestion occurs in the system, new products will not be able to enter and receive inspection. To ensure a reliable inspection system where the probability of system congestion is nearly zero, it is desired to determine the minimum staffing level required for different product volumes to avoid system congestions. In this thesis, we investigate the staffing problem in two ways. First, we develop a simulation model for the inspection system. The simulation model is used for scenario and sensitivity analyses to calculate the service rate of the inspection system for various staffing levels and then to determine the minimum number of staff required to ensure system reliability for a range of product volumes. Next, we apply queuing theory to the staffing analysis, and show that the staffing levels determined by the queuing theory approximation are close to the simulation results. The actual company and the nature of the products involved must remain confidential. Similarly, all data in this thesis have been scaled by an arbitrary number. However, the critical topology of the queuing system, the nature and demands of the problem and the methodology of their solution are easily portable to other environments.
Precise half-life measurement of 110Sn and 109In isotopes
Creators: name: Gyurky, Gy.
name: Elekes, Z.
name: Fulop, Zs.
name: Kiss, G. G.
name: Somorjai, E.
name: Palumbo, A.
name: Wiescher, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The half-lives of 110Sn and 109In isotopes have been measured with high precision. The results are T1/2 =4.173 +- 0.023 h for 110Sn and T1/2 = 4.167 +-0.018 h for 109In. The precision of the half-lives has been increased by a factor of 5 with respect to the literature values which makes results of the recently measured 106Cd(alpha,gamma)110Sn and 106Cd(alpha,p)109In cross sections more reliable.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev C as brief report
Sécurité alimentaire en Afrique de l’Ouest : Enjeux et Eléments Stratégique pour sa Réalisation.
Creators: name: Dembele, Niama Nango
name: Staatz, John M.
name: Dembele, Niama Nango
name: Staatz, John M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Food Security
subject: West Africa

description: The situation analysis and perspectives on food security West Africa shows a widening gap between the needs of consumption and nutrition and food availability at Global countries, households and individuals. Low gains productivity in food production and import capacity are the major constraints to the achievement of security Food in the region. The agricultural growth becomes the prerequisite for improving the food situation.
Heavy $Z^\prime$ Bosons in the Secluded $U(1)^\prime$ Model at Hadron Colliders
Creators: name: Frank, M.
name: Selbuz, L.
name: Turan, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study $Z'$ phenomenology at hadron colliders in an $U(1)'$ extended MSSM. We choose a $U(1)'$ model with a secluded sector, where the tension between the electroweak scale and developing a large enough mass for $Z'$ is resolved by incorporating three additional singlet superfields into the model. We perform a detailed analysis of the production, followed by decays, including into supersymmetric particles, of a $Z'$ boson with mass between 4 and 5.2 TeV, with particular emphasis on its possible discovery. We select three different scenarios consistent with the latest available experimental data and relic density constraints, and concentrate on final signals with two leptons, four leptons and six leptons. Including the SM background from processes with two, three or four vector bosons, we show the likelihood of observing a $Z^\prime$ boson is not promising for the HL-LHC at 14 TeV. While at 27 and 100 TeV, the situation is more optimistic, and we devise specific benchmark scenarios which could be observed.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures, 9 tables, published version; title changed, more references and a new table added
Prismosticta microprisma Zolotuhin & Witt 2009
Creators: name: Wang, Xing
name: Wang, Min
name: Zolotuhin, Vadim V.
name: Hirowatari, Toshiya
name: Wu, Shipher
name: Huang, Guo-Hua
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Bombycidae
Prismosticta
Prismosticta microprisma

description: 75. Prismosticta microprisma Zolotuhin & Witt, 2009 (FIGURES 44 A, 44F)
Prismosticta microprisma Zolotuhin & Witt, 2009, Entomofauna, 16: 251. TL: “N. Vietnam, 200 m, Ben En Nat. Park, 40 km SW Than Hoa”. Holotype: male (MWM) [examined].
Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from the other Prismosticta species by the following characters: forewing with antemedial and medial lines obscure, postmedial and submarginal lines arched; discal cell with a rectangular black spot, inside of costa red; uncus bifid, each lobe shallowly bifid forming four small teeth.
Specimens examined. [FUJIAN] Wuyishan County (Wuyishan National NR): 1 male, 600 m, 18.VIII.1991, Martini leg. (MWM); [GUANGDONG] Ruyuan County (Nanling National NR): 1 male, 7.V.2009, Min Wang leg. (SCAU); [GUANGXI] Fangchenggang City (Shiwandashan National NR): 2 males, Mt. Pinglongshan, Milv Village, 6.IV.2002, Guo-Hua Huang & Min Wang leg. (SCAU).
Bionomics. Symplocos chinensis (Lour.) Druce, 1917 (Symplocaceae) is the recorded larval host in China by Chu & Wang L.Y. (1993), who reported the species Prismosticta microprisma as a misidentification of the species P. t i re t t a Swinhoe, 1903 in their paper. Zolotuhin & Tran (2011) recorded the Eurya sp. (Theaceae) as its host in Vietnam.
Distribution. Mainland China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi), Vietnam, Thailand, Cambodia.
Remarks. Specimens from various localities in China show little variation.
description: Published as part of Wang, Xing, Wang, Min, Zolotuhin, Vadim V., Hirowatari, Toshiya, Wu, Shipher & Huang, Guo-Hua, 2015, The fauna of the family Bombycidae sensu lato (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Bombycoidea) from Mainland China, Taiwan and Hainan Islands, pp. 1-138 in Zootaxa 3989 (1) on page 111, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3989.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/238716
Interactions Mediated by Surface States: From Pairs and Trios to Adchains and Ordered Overlayers
Creators: name: Hyldgaard, Per
name: Einstein, T. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since metallic surface states on (111) noble metals are free-electron like, their propagators can be evaluated analytically. Since they are well-screened, one can use simple tight-binding formalism to study their effects. The needed phase shifts can be extracted from experiment. Hence, one can now make quantitative predictions of these slowly-decaying, oscillatory indirect interactions. For the (isotropic!) pair interactions (which decay as the inverse square of adatom-adatom separation), remarkable agreement has been obtained with experiments by two groups. We have extended the formalism to consider the full indirect ("triple") interaction of 3 adsorbates, which is the sum of the 3 constituent pair interactions plus the non-pairwise "trio" contribution, which tends to decay with the 5/2 power of perimeter. Here, we concentrate on interactions due to ordered overlayers and to linear defects, relating the latter to the interactions of (nx1) ordered overlayers and to the constituent pair interactions. We compare with experimental studies of interactions of adatoms with adchains and of consequent 1D motion of adatoms trapped between two such parallel chains. We discuss implications for step-step interactions (on vicinal surfaces), with attention to the modification of the surface state itself for small terrace widths.
description: 4 pages, Proceedings of 14th International Conference on Crystal Growth, Grenoble, France, 9-13 August 2004; to be published in J. Crystal Growth (2005)