Cyriocosmus giganteus Kaderka 2015, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Kaderka, Radan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Theraphosidae
Cyriocosmus
Cyriocosmus giganteus

description: Cyriocosmus giganteus sp. nov.
(Figures 20, 25g, h, 28b, Table 13)
Types
Male holotype (MUSM-ENT 0505244) from Peru, Loreto, Estación Biológica Quebrada Blanco, 4°21 ʹ S, 73°09 ʹ W, 11 September 2007, Peter Gottleuber col.
Etymology
The specific name, giganteus (adjectivum, Latin) means giant, and refers to the size of this new species and to the fact that this male holotype is so far the largest known male in the genus.
Diagnosis
Cyriocosmus giganteus sp. nov. can be distinguished from all other congeners by the uniformly coloured carapace, abdomen without stripes and by the male palpal bulb without prolateral superior keel.
Distribution (Figures 36, 37)
Known only from the type locality.
Description
Male (MUSM-ENT 0505244) (Figures 20, 25g, h, 28b): Total length: 26.7, carapace length 14.5, width 11.9, chelicerae with 10 teeth on promargin. Cheliceral teeth pattern from basal end: right side: vvvvvv-v-VVV, 7 small and 3 big teeth. Left side: vvvvvv-V-VVV, 6 small and 4 big teeth. Anterior eye row procurved, posterior eye row recurved. Eye sizes and interdistances (Figure 20c): AME 0.53 (circular), ALE 0.49 (oval), PME 0.34 (oval), PLE 0.39 (oval), AME – AME 0.13, AME – ALE 0.17, PME – PME 1.01, PME – PLE 0.03, ALE – PLE 0.17, AME – PME 0.05, OQ length 0.92, width 1.95. Ocular tubercle: length 1.72, width 1.95, clypeus absent. Fovea transverse, straight, width 2.0, 9.0 from anterior edge of carapace. Labium length 1.69, width 2.14, anterior half with 101 cuspules, maxillae with 306 – 325 cuspules. Oval sternum, length 6.39, width 5.45, with three visible pairs of sternal sigilla located near coxae III (length 0.59, 0.88 from edge of sternum), coxae II (length 0.45, 0.70 from edge of sternum) and coxae I (length 0.29). Leg pattern: IV>I>II>III. Incrassate leg segments: femur III.
Scopulae: All tarsi 100% densely scopulate, metatarsi I, II 60%, metatarsi III 50%, metatarsi IV 25% scopulate. Tarsal scopulae I, II integral, in tarsi III divided by longitudinal line of setae, in tarsi IV divided by longitudinal band of setae.
Spination: femora I – III d 0-0-1, femora IV 0 and femora of palps d 0-0-1; patellae I – IV and patellae of palps 0; tibiae I p 0-1-1, r 1-1-1, II v 1-2-3 (apical), d 1-1-0, III v 0-1-2 (apical), p 0-1-1, r 0-1-1 (apical), d 1-1-0, IV v 1-1-3 (apical), p 1-0-1 and tibiae of palps d 0-1-0; metatarsi I 0, II v 0-0-2 (apical), p 0-1-1, r 0-1-1 (apical), d 0-1-1, III v 2-2-3 (apical), p 1-1-1 (apical), d 0-1-1, IV v 1-2-1-3 (apical), p 0-1-1, r 0-1-1, tarsi I – IV and tarsi of palps 0.
Palpal organ as in Figure 25g, h, embolus with short narrow PA reaching approximately one-third of embolus, PS keel is absent. Tegulum with distinct TP, projecting prolaterally. Retrolateral face of cymbium without basal field of spiniform setae, both cymbial lobes approximately of the same length. Retrolateral face of palpal tibia with indistinct subapical protuberance covered with cluster of numerous spiniform setae (Figure 20f). Two unequal subapical apophyses are present on tibia I (Figure 28b): a longer retrolateral tibial apophysis with short, stout subapical spine on dorsal face, a shorter prolateral tibial apophysis, apically flattened, with single, well-developed retrolateral spine at base and approximately of the same length as prolateral tibial apophysis. Metatarsus I not sigmoidly curved and without basal or median protuberance on retrolateral face. Metatarsus I flexion is between both tibial apophyses.
Abdomen: urticating setae of type III are located in central patch. PLS: length 6.91, basal segment 2.03, middle segment 1.78, apical segment 3.10, all digitiform. PMS: 1.43.
Coloration and covering setae: dorsal view (Figure 20a): carapace dark brown, and covered with golden pubescence, coxae and trochantera covered with golden pubescence, chelicerae black, dorsally covered with golden pubescence, femora black, patellae, tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi dark brown, without whitish longitudinal stripes. Patellae I, II and palpal patella with two longitudinal parallel stripes, patellae III, IV with single diagonal stripe. Abdomen (Figure 20d) covered with short black setae, intermixed with long, pale setae in posterior part, except central yellowish brown patch. Length of central patch: 5.4, width 5.6. Ventral view (Figure 20b): labium and maxillae reddishbrown, sternum, coxae and trochantera dark brown, femora black, patellae, tibiae and metatarsi dark brown. Abdomen ventrally without dark longitudinal band (Figure 20e). Spinnerets brown.
description: Published as part of Kaderka, Radan, 2015, The Neotropical genus Cyriocosmus Simon, 1903 and new species from Peru, Brazil and Venezuela (Araneae: Theraphosidae: Theraphosinae), pp. 393-465 in Journal of Natural History 50 on pages 433-436, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2015.1076082, http://zenodo.org/record/3985428