Carausius yunnanensis Ho 2017, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Ho, George Wai-Chun
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Phasmida
Phasmatidae
Carausius
Carausius yunnanensis

description: Carausius yunnanensis sp. nov.
(Figs. 213–216, 253–260)
Types. Holotype: ♀, Yingjiang, Dehong, Yunnan, China, X–XI.2016, Yang Wei-Zong (HKES); Paratypes: 1♂, 1♀ & 16 eggs (extracted from the abdomen of paratype ♀), Yingjiang, Dehong, Yunnan, China, X–XI.2016, Yang Wei-Zong (HKES).
Diagnosis. Carausius yunnanensis sp. nov. [China (Yunnan)] is similar to C. luchunensis sp. nov. [China (Yunnan)], but can be separated by small acute granules on lateral margins of mesonotum, lacking noticeable praeopercular organ on seventh abdominal sternum and a semi-circular lamella on the first segment of protarsi in female and yellowish granules on thorax and incurved apices of anal abdominal semi-tergites in male.
Description. Female (Figs. 213–214, 253–255, 259). Medium-sized. General colouration of body and legs brown. Body elongate and slender, surface rough, sparsely covered with small granules.
Head: Rectangular, flattened, longer than wide, slightly longer than pronotum. Sparsely covered with small granules. Vertex flat and unarmed. Occiput flat, with median and lateral longitudinal furrows, posterior margin with four small swellings. Compound eyes rounded. Antennae incomplete; scapus dorsoventrally flattened, constricted basally, as long as combined length of pedicellus and third segment; pedicellus shorter than third segment.
Thorax: Pronotum rectangular, paralleled to head, anterior margin gently curved inwards, posterior margin rounded, transverse and longitudinal sulci crossing after middle area. Mesonotum slender and elongate, parallelsided, longer than combined length of pronotum, metanotum and median segment; wrinkled, with very faint median longitudinal line, lateral margins with a few enlarged acute granules. Mesosternum mediolongitudinally carinate, with inconspicuous granulations. Metanotum wrinkled, shorter than mesonotum. Mesopleurae and metapleurae with a few enlarged acute granules.
Abdomen: Cylindrical and rough, covered with small sparse granules, short wrinkles and a few enlarged granules. Median segment nearly square, almost as long as pronotum. Second tergum as long as third tergum. Fourth to sixth tergites equal in length. Seventh tergum as long as second tergum, shorter than fourth tergum. Seventh sternum lacking noticeable praeopercular organ. Eighth tergum longer than ninth tergum. Anal segment as long as ninth tergum, with a broad U-shaped emargination on posterior margin, posterolateral angles pointed. Supra-anal plate small, posterior margin indistinctly emarginated. Subgenital plate boat-shaped, median longitudinal carina distinct, posterior margin rounded and surpassing posterior margin of supra-anal plate. Cerci short and small, apices pointed and not projecting over end of anal segment.
Legs: Slender and long, lacking noticeable armature. All coxae with a small granule. All femora almost as long as corresponding tibiae. Profemora basally curved, as long as mesonotum, posterodorsal carina waved, posteroventral carina raised. Posterodorsal carina of protibiae waved. First segment of protarsi with a semi-circular lamella dorsally. Posterodorsal carina of left mesofemur with a small lamella near base. Posteroventral carina of left mesofemur and metafemora with two small spines near apices. Medioventral carina of left mesotibia and metatibiae raised basally.
Male (Figs. 215–216, 256–258, 260). Body slender and elongate, distinctly slimmer and thinner than female. General colouration of body and legs brown.
Head: Rectangular, flattened, longer than wide, as long as pronotum. With sparse granulations. Vertex unarmed. Occiput with distinct median longitudinal furrow, posterior margin with six small swellings. Compound eyes rounded. Antennae incomplete; scapus dorsoventrally flattened, almost as long as combined length of pedicellus and third segment; pedicellus shorter than third segment.
Thorax: Sparsely covered with a few small granules, mesonotum, metanotum, mesosternum and metasternum also with a few enlarged yellowish granules. Pronotum rectangular, anterior margin gently incurved, posterior truncate, transverse and longitudinal sulci crossing at middle area. Mesonotum slender and elongate, longer than combined length of metanotum and median segment, broadly emarginated medially, median longitudinal carina indistinct. Metanotum shorter than mesonotum, median longitudinal carina indistinct.
Abdomen: Slender and cylindrical, with very few small granules. Median segment rectangular, longer than wide, as long as pronotum. Second to fourth and sixth tergites equal in length. Fifth tergum longer than fourth tergum. Seventh tergum shorter than sixth tergum. Eighth tergum expanded posteriorly, longer than ninth tergum. Anal segment longer than eighth tergum, split into two semi-tergites, interior surfaces with a few small dentations, apices incurved. Poculum cup-like, medially elevated, posterior margin rounded and reaching posterior margin of ninth tergum. Cerci short, cylindrical, tapering posteriorly, apices pointed and not surpassing apices of semitergites.
Legs: Slender and long, lacking noticeable armature. Profemora incurved basally, posteroventral carina with two small spines near apices. First segment of protarsi lacking semi-circular lamella dorsally. Anteroventral and posteroventral carinae of right mesofemur and metafemora with two small spines near apices. Hindlegs extending beyond end of abdomen.
Measurements in Table 25.
Distribution. China (Yunnan).
Notes. The antennae and right midleg of the holotypic female and the antennae, right protibia, left midleg and right mesotibia of the paratypic male are incomplete or lost and the body structure of the paratypic female are damaged and their measurements are insufficiently provided. The egg description, illustrations and measurements are insufficiently provided because the extracted eggs removed from the abdomen of the paratypic female are in an immature stage.
Etymology. The specific epithet of this new species is derived from the type locality, Yunnan (China).
description: Published as part of Ho, George Wai-Chun, 2017, Contribution to the knowledge of Chinese Phasmatodea V: New taxa and new nomenclatures of the subfamilies Necrosciinae (Diapheromeridae) and Lonchodinae (Phasmatidae) from the Phasmatodea of China, pp. 1-72 in Zootaxa 4368 (1) on pages 52-53, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4368.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1125305