cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Project-based learning in the advanced German class
Creators: name: Dressler, Roswita
name: Dressler, Anja
name: Raedler, Bernadette
name: Dimitrov, Kristina
name: Krause, Garrett
Publisher: name: Routledge
Year: 2019
Subjects: project-based learning
second language learning
second language pedagogy
German

description: This is an Accepted Manuscript of a book chapter published by Routledge in Global perspectives on project-based language learning, teaching, and assessment: Key approaches, technology tools, and frameworks on October 10, 2019, available online: http://www.routledge.com/9780429435096
description: Project-based learning (PBL) provides authentic content and language learning in the second language classroom. Technology-infused PBL also creates opportunities for real-life application of the language and technology skills acquired. However, since PBL is often envisioned as group work, classes with small enrolments (fewer than 6 students) pose a challenge. In addition, the unfamiliarity of students and instructors with the characteristics of PBL can lead to struggles around autonomy, motivation, and flexibility. In this chapter, we examine one PBL course for advanced students of German at the post-secondary level through the lens of Stoller’s 10 characteristics of a PBL course. Since Stoller’s characteristics are drawn from PBL studies of large classes where students worked in groups, our study examines whether those characteristics still apply in smaller classes where students worked on individual projects. Through this action research into our own practice, we demonstrate whether the 10 characteristics can be applied to small classes and identify the challenges of PBL that arose in this context: student autonomy, role redefinitions, and instructor reflective practice. We envision how future research might address some of these challenges, examining ways to foster student autonomy through an understanding of role redefinitions in PBL courses and ways to strengthen reflective practice among post-secondary instructors.
The Second Nuclear Age
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: International relations
Nuclear weapons
Weapons of mass destruction

description: The Hertog Global Strategy Initiative, The Department of History, The Arnold A. Saltzman Institute of War and Peace Studies, and The School of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University present this summer's Hertog Global Strategy Initiative Speaker Series. Dr. Paul Bracken is Professor of Management and Professor of Political Science at Yale University. He is author of Strategic Foresight: A Practical Guide to Scenarios and Alternative Futures in Business (forthcoming) and Fire in the East: The Rise of Asian Military Power and the Second Nuclear Age.
title: Prisoners of War (Russian Empire)
title: Prisoners of War (Russian Empire)
Creators: name: Nachtigal, Reinhard
name: Radauer, Lena
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Russland
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Kriegsgefangener
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Russia
subject: Prisoner of war

description: This article explores the particularities of the situation of prisoners of war (POWs) in Russia and the implications of the domestic political situation in Russia on the fate of POWs. The upheaval in Russia during the First World War resulted in constantly changing POW regulations as well as in a delay of repatriation. As a direct consequence of these circumstances, camp life developed a high degree of organization. This article describes life both inside and outside of the camp structures, and outlines the fundamental differences of POW experiences due to a hierarchy of ranks and nationalities.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Violence and Islamo-Christian Civilization
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: International relations
Religion
Islamic civilization
Islam--Customs and practices
Christianity
Violence

description: Each summer, the Hertog Global Strategy Initiative in the Department of History at Columbia University brings renowned experts and policy makers to Columbia University to deliver weekly public lectures and work with students in the program. The topic of the summer 2012 lecture series is "The History and Future of Religious Violence and Apocalyptic Movements." Richard W. Bulliet is a professor of history at Columbia University who specializes in the history of Islamic society and institutions, the history of technology, and the history of the role of animals in human society.
title: Analysing Distributions of Feature Similarities in the Context of Digital Anthropometric Pattern Matching Probability
Creators: name: Heinke, Florian
name: Heuschkel, Marie-Luise
name: Labudde, Dirk
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biometric features
subject: anthropometric measurements
subject: feature matching probability

description: Digital anthropometric pattern matching encompasses biometric identification on the basis of a combination of anthropometric measurements depicting the proportions of the human body from image or video material. In a previous publication, maximum likelihood density estimation of distributions of anthropometric measurement distances allowed for estimation of the probability of a match to be in the order of 10−15 to 10−8. However, the underlying nature and cause of these distributions remained unclear. This work represents an enhancement allowing for an analytical description of these distributions by assuming multivariate normals as distributions models, and by estimating distribution parameters that subsequently allow reasonable probability approximations. Thus the methodological groundwork presented here contributes to the evaluation of the probability for obtaining a match.
Status Update on Fear Education: Jiddu Krishnamurti Teachings
Creators: name: Fisher, R. M.
Publisher: name: In Search of Fearlessness Research Institute
Year: 2021
Subjects: Indian philosophy
meditative inquiry
Ashwani Kumar
curriculum
pedagogy
future
critique
education

description: This paper addresses, in a third of a series of works by the author on the status of Fear Education, particularly the work of the philosopher Jiddu Krishnamurti (1895-1986). It appears little progress has been made, especially in the field of Education in terms of recognizing the unique nature and role of fear in shaping everything humans do—including the way they learn and create knowledge itself. The paper encourages others to join this mission for a better fear education for all.
Kempioconcha kirki
Creators: name: Muratov, Igor V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Stylommatophora
Achatinidae
Kempioconcha
Kempioconcha kirki

description: Kempioconcha kirki (Dohrn, 1865)
Fig. 22
 Buliminus kirki: Dohrn 1865: 232 (Cabaçeira, Mozambique; 23.8× 11.1 mm).
 A common species, with a general distribution in Mozambique and Zimbabwe. Found at three stations inland and three on Cabo Delgado. The type (7 whorls) is slightly smaller than most of the shells of this species in the study area. However, the h/w ratio is almost exactly the same in the type (2.14) and in the shell illustrated here (2.17). It is smaller than the preceding species and much larger than any of the following species of the family.
 The type locality of Buliminus liederi Martens, 1895 in south-eastern Tanzania (Kitohaui on the plateau between Ukuledi and Umbekuru, District Mgao) is only about 150 km northwest of the study area. It has a more elongated shell (h/ w 2.55): 28× 11 mm with 7½ whorls in the original description (von Martens 1895: 180). Van Bruggen (2008: 360–368, fig. 10) reported Pseudoglessula (Kempioconcha) liederi (8 whorls subadult: 27.6× 12.1 mm) from Malawi. However, he followed the Verdcourt (1967) key where liederi is separated from the similarly sized K. kirki (Dohrn, 1865) only by “apical whorls with costae only slightly more widely spaced than on the lower whorls”. This character was mentioned by von Martens in comparison with “ Limicolaria borellii ” (=? Glandina boivini Morelet, 1860, see Connolly 1925: 171) and Pseudoglessula conradi in his second description of liederi (von Martens 1897: 61, pl. 3, fig. 32) and he separated Buliminus from Pseudoglessula based on this character, in addition to the truncated columella in the latter (von Martens 1897: 116). However, in the same work von Martens (1897: 62) classified kirki Dohrn, 1865 as Buliminus, thus acknowledging that the axial ribs are not stronger and wider spaced on the apical whorls in both liederi and kirki. Unfortunately, he did not compare these two species, concentrating his attention on the penultimate whorl sculpture of his apparently subadult specimen of kirki.
I prefer to use the earlier name here, since variability of the shells from station 6 allows the application of both names, pending a proper revision of the genus.
description: Published as part of Muratov, Igor V., 2010, Terrestrial molluscs of Cabo Delgado and adjacent inland areas of north-eastern Mozambique, pp. 255 in African Invertebrates 51 (2) on pages 268-269, DOI: 10.5733/afin.051.0203, http://zenodo.org/record/10268367
CUSP Workshop #1 - Human Risk assessment of Micro- and Nanoplastics (MNPs) - Regulatory insights and knowledge gaps
Creators: name: Hansen, Steffen Foss
name: Muncke, Jane
name: Kobe, Andrej
name: Bertato, Valentina
name: Djien Liem
name: Nielsen, Tobias
name: Gouin, Todd
name: Astuto, Maria Chiara
name: Kluettgen, Birgit Sokull
name: Cattaneo, Irene
name: Keng, Antoine
name: Bonilla, Alba Hernandez
name: Virissa Lenters
name: Velickovic, Tanja Cirkovic
name: Reuther, Rudolf
name: Pieters, Raymond
name: Vermeulen, Roel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: microplastics
nanoplastics
human health
risk assessment
environmental exposure
toxicity
knowledge gaps
regulation
policy
H2020
plastic particles
European Commission
MNPs
Human risk

description: CUSP workshop series on Human Risk Assessment of MNPs Three online thematic workshops are taking place in the Spring of 2023. These are the proceedings from the first workshop: 'Regulatory insights and knowledge gaps', which took place on Tuesday, February 7th 2023. As part of CUSP’s aim to investigate and discuss the applicability of existing risk assessment frameworks related to micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs), the CUSP Working Group on Risk Assessment (WG5), together with the CUSP member projects, is delivering a series of online thematic workshops in the Spring of 2023 under the theme “Human Risk assessment of Micro- and Nanoplastics (MNPs)”. This first workshop, organized by WG5 and PlasticHeal, focused on regulatory insights and knowledge gaps. The second workshop within the series will be about risk assessment frameworks on March 14th and will be organized by WG5 and PolyRisk. The third workshop, organized by WG5 and PlasticsFatE, will take place on April 21st and will focus on data and information gaps. If you'd like to know more about our activities, visit https://cusp-research.eu/#nl-sign-up and register to receive updates, connect with us on twitter, and follow us on Linked in.
Historic Sheep Ranching on San Nicolas Island
Creators: name: Swanson, Mark T.
Publisher: name: SRI Press
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Channel Islands
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/54271/channel-islands
subject: Point Mugu
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/82696/point-mugu
subject: Ventura (County)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/3481/ventura-county
subject: San Nicolas Island
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/83802/san-nicolas-island
subject: California (State / Territory)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/1484/california-state-territory
subject: Agricultural or Herding
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/273/agricultural-or-herding
subject: Martin Kimberly
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/159769/martin-kimberly
subject: Corral Harbor
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/159770/corral-harbor
subject: Historic Background Research
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/18/historic-background-research
subject: Records Search / Inventory Checking
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/8/records-search-inventory-checking

description: This report documents the historical development of sheep ranching on San Nicolas Island, the most distant of the Channel Islands off the coast of southern California. Sheep ranching commenced in the mid-1800s and was terminated during the 1940s. During this period, local sheep ranching was oriented around three different loci. The first was a ranch operation established by Martin Kimberly and situated around Corral Harbor. Ranching at this site lasted from the 1850s to around 1890. During the Corral Harbor operation, the island was seriously overgrazed and the west half was particularly denuded. Because of overgrazing, the second locus was established at the extreme east end of the island. Though not particularly successful, ranching continued here from the 1890s to 1919. At that time, sheep ranching shifted to a location near the center of the north shore. This third locus, in use between 1919 and the 1940s, was later the center of military use that has monopolized the island since World War 11. The objective of this project was to conduct archival research and to prepare a technical report on the historic sheep ranching conducted on San Nicolas Island, which is a part of Ventura County, California. The island is now administered by the United States Navy, and is part of the Naval Air Weapons Station at Point Mugu. The technical report will be used by the Navy to facilitate future project planning on the island (Scope of Work 1991). The work was conducted under contract with the Los Angeles District Corps of Engineers (Contract No. DACA-09-90-D-0027, Delivery Order 11).
title: Prisoners of War (Germany)
title: Prisoners of War (Germany)
Creators: name: Jones, Heather
name: Hinz, Uta
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Deutschland
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Kriegsgefangener
subject: World War, 1914-1918
subject: Germany
subject: Prisoner of war

description: Long overlooked, the prisoner of war experience of the estimated 2.4 million combatants held in German captivity during the Great War has recently been the subject of significant new research. Historians now emphasise the scale of captivity, the modern technologies used, the differences between the German home front camps and the front line camp system and the extent of prisoner of war forced labour in the German war economy. They interpret the prisoner of war experience in terms of what it shows about wartime processes of totalisation and brutalisation.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Pseudo-Complex General Relativity: Schwarzschild, Reissner-Nordström and Kerr Solutions
Creators: name: Caspar, Gunther
name: Schönenbach, Thomas
name: Hess, Peter Otto
name: Schäfer, Mirko
name: Greiner, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pseudo-complex General Relativity (pc-GR) is further considered. A new projection method is proposed. It is shown, that the pc-GR introduces automatically terms into the system which can be interpreted as dark energy. The modified pseudo-complex Schwarzschild solution is investigated. The dark energy part is treated as a liquid and possible solutions are discussed. As a consequence, the collapse of a large stellar mass into a singularity at $r=0$ is avoided and no event-horizon is formed. Thus, black holes don't exist. The resulting object can be viewed as a gray star. It contains no singularity which emphasizes, again, that it is not a black hole. The corrections implied by a charged large mass object (Reissner- Nordström) and a rotating gray star (Kerr) are presented. For the latter, a special solution is presented. Finally, we will consider the orbital speed of a mass in a circular orbit and suggest a possible experimental verification.
Collaborate or Perish: Networks, Bureaucracies, and the Fight Against Terrorism
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: International relations
Terrorism
Politics and government

description: Each summer, the Hertog Global Strategy Initiative in the Department of History at Columbia University brings renowned experts and policy makers to Columbia University to deliver weekly public lectures and work with students in the program. The topic of the summer 2012 lecture series is "The History and Future of Religious Violence and Apocalyptic Movements." William J. Bratton is the chairman of Kroll, the world's leading risk management company, and former chief of the New York City and Los Angeles Police Departments. Zachary Tumin is special assistant to the director and faculty chair of the Science, Technology, and Public Policy Program at Harvard University's Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs.
The age and character of alteration and mineralization at the Buckhorn Gold Skarn, Okanogan County, Washington, USA
Creators: name: Scorrar, Brendan Alfred
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Located in Okanogan County, Washington, USA the Buckhorn mine is one of the largest gold skarns in North America (2.15 Mt at 14 ppm Au). Buckhorn is hosted in Permian Anarchist Group metasedimentary rocks and Jurassic Elise Formation metavolcanic rocks. Monzodiorite comagmatic with the metavolcanic rocks is Jurassic in age (192.4 Ma) confirming the correlation. Two suites of granitoids intrude the local stratigraphy. The Middle Jurassic (170.4 Ma) post-accretionary Buckhorn Intrusive Suite is genetically related to skarn alteration and gold mineralization and comprised of a granodiorite stock, marginal diorite, and several generations of dikes. The Eocene Roosevelt Intrusive Suite (50.5 Ma) is comprised of a small (~0.03 km2) granodiorite stock that post-dates skarn alteration and gold mineralization. Skarn alteration is zoned from dominantly magnetite-garnet in the proximal Magnetic Mine, to equal portions of magnetite-garnet-pyroxene in the Gold Bowl, and pyroxene dominated in the distal Southwest Ore-Zone. The Southwest Ore-Zone contains the majority of the gold mineralization and consists of massive calcic, Fe-rich, reduced skarn alteration along a low-angle shear zone at the contact between the carbonate metasedimentary rocks and the overlying metavolcanic rocks. Skarn alteration is divided into three categories based on the prograde mineralogy: pyroxene, garnet and magnetite skarn. Pyroxene skarn is further subdivided based on the retrograde mineralogy: amphibole-pyroxene, magnetite-pyroxene, and epidote-pyroxene skarn. Gold mineralization occurs in fractures in and intercrystalline space between skarn minerals and is intimately associated with bismuth. Re-Os geochronology of molybdenite bearing skarn confirms the Middle Jurassic age of skarn alteration and gold mineralization (162.8-165.5 Ma). Based on the mineralogy, the hydrothermal fluids that caused prograde alteration were between 430-500° C, fO2=-25 to -20, fS2=-8 to -4.5, and near neutral pH. Fluids responsible for retrograde alteration were cooler (300-430° C), more reduced (fO2<-26), and had lower sulfur fugacity (fS2=-15 to -6). Gold mineralization occurred at the end of retrograde alteration. Gold was transported as bisulfide complexes in even cooler (241-300°C) and more reduced (fO2=-42 to -36) fluids than earlier retrograde alteration. Gold was scavenged by a bismuth melt and precipitated due to cooling and local retrograde oxidation reactions.
title: Labour (China)
title: Labour (China)
Creators: name: Xu, Guoqi
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: China
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: World War, 1914-1918--China
subject: Labor

description: This essay studies Chinese workers on the Western Front during the First World War with focus on their lives and experiences in Europe and their roles in Chinese and world history. Given the fact that China was not actively involved in the war in terms of both actual fighting and war mobilization, the direct impact of the war on Chinese labor was not significant. The most important Chinese contribution was sending about 140,000 workers to the Western Front to support the Allied war effort. It has to be pointed out that many Chinese workers were recruited by Russia during the First World War. Because Russia withdrew from the war soon after the Bolshevik revolution, this paper will not deal with these workers. Instead it will focus on the extraordinary story of the Chinese on the Western Front.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
title: Integrating Artificial Intelligence and Robotics into Art Curriculum
Creators: name: Iovine, Ivan
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Art Education
subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Robotics

description: Artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics are taking an increasingly central role in the creative industries. In recent years a growing number of artistic works have been produced and embedded with AI or robotic driven technologies. While these technologies are introduced and taught at the university level in creative domains such as architecture and design, their integration into multimedia and electronic arts is often limited or partially addressed. This study presents a practical experience of integrating machine learning and robotics into an art curriculum, specifically targeting students with little programming experience. To teach these disciplines, a constructivism approach is explored, allowing students to learn AI and robotics pipelines through the familiar subject of physical computing. From this starting point, through code samples and experimentations students were able to explore increasingly technical realms such as computer vision and human-robot-interaction.
Probing Cooper Pairs with Franson Interferometry
Creators: name: Giovannetti, Vittorio
name: Yuasa, Kazuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A setup based on the Franson optical interferometer is analyzed, which allows us to detect the coherence properties of Cooper pairs emerging via tunneling from a superconductor in contact with two one-dimensional channels. By tuning the system parameters we show that both the internal coherence of the emitted Cooper pairs, which is proportional to Pippard's length, and the de Broglie wavelength of their center-of-mass motion can be measured via current-current correlation measurements.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
title: Generating an Environment for Socializing Between Older Adults in a VR Supermarket
Creators: name: Walchshäusl, Sebastian
name: Eichhorn, Christian
name: Plecher, David A.
name: Simecek, Tim
name: Klinker, Gudrun
name: Hiyama, Atsushi
name: Inami, Matsuko
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: older adults
subject: Virtual Reality
subject: supermarket
subject: cybersickness
subject: hand-tracking
subject: optimization
subject: multiplayer
subject: socializing
subject: Mixed Reality

description: Socialization is crucial for the well-being of individuals, but elderly people often face challenges due to physical and psychological issues, as well as the COVID-19 pandemic. To address this issue, a novel approach has been developed using a Japanese Virtual Reality (VR) supermarket, where older adults can purchase products that could be delivered to their homes while socializing with others in a familiar environment. The VR supermarket is based on Japanese supermarket shelf layouts, with hand-tracking and gestures used for interaction. Avatars, attached with images of the participants and their synchronized voice input are used to represent them. In a user study involving 14 older adults, the application was found to be effective for social communication, and potential negative effects such as cybersickness were successfully mitigated. The VR supermarket thus provides a valuable tool for older adults to socialize and meet their need to interact with people from the same age group, even in isolation (pandemic scenario).
Outward FDI in Ireland and its policy context
Creators: name: Brennan, Louis
name: Verma, Rakhi
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Finance
International relations

description: Although starting from a very low base and initially insignificant when compared to the growth of Ireland’s inward foreign direct investment (FDI), Ireland’s outward FDI flows have steadily increased over time. In particular, the decade following 2000 saw a rapid rise in outward FDI flows from Ireland, with its stock growing from US$ 28 billion in 2000 to US$ 324 billion in 2011. This reflects the remarkable growth of annual FDI outflows, from US$ 5 billion in 2000 to US$ 27 billion in 2009, the latter representing the highest recorded value. The year 2004 marked
Ireland’s emergence as a net direct investor for the first time in its history. With the global financial and economic crisis, Ireland’s outward FDI flows recorded declines in 2010 and 2011 from the record value attained in 2009.
The Incorporation of GIS Technologies in Emergency Preparedness and Response
Creators: name: Chandler, Thomas E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Disaster relief--Planning
Emergency management--Planning
Geographic information systems

description: Public health agencies make decisions that have far reaching consequences, and geography impacts these decisions on a daily basis. Geographic information systems (GIS) are powerful computer software programs which can enable agency staff to visualize spatial information in new ways, so that they can become better planners and problem solvers, particularly in the areas of disaster preparedness and response (Chang, 2002).  Yet, although GIS is becoming more well-known, it is still a technology in its infancy, with the majority of public health staff not gaining all of the competencies required to utilize it effectively in the workplace. Although several departments within an agency, such as epidemiology and city planners, are often leveraging this technology, there are many other staff involved in disaster preparedness and response who are not using it, but who may need to in the upcoming months (Blanco & Mathur, 2005).
title: Geschwindigkeitsanalyse bei der Sicherung von verschiedenen Speichermedien
Creators: name: Köhler, Eileen
name: Spiekermann, Daniel
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: IT-Forensik
subject: Speichermedien
subject: Massendatenanalyse

description: In der heutigen Zeit ist Speicher keine Kostenfrage mehr. Es ist daher nicht verwunderlich, dass immer mehr Speichermedien mit größerer Speicherkapazität verbaut werden. Für den Endbenutzer ist es eine Erleichterung, da er sich nicht mehr überlegen muss, welche Daten er wirklich braucht und welche nicht. Ein Aufräumen auf dem Handy beispielsweise, um Speicherplatz für neue Bilder oder Nachrichten zu schaffen, entfällt fast vollständig. Unter anderem für Ermittlungsbehörden kann diese Datenflut ein großes Problem darstellen und im Falle der Beweissicherung wie die Suche nach der Nadel im Heuhaufen enden. Bei kritischen oder priorisierten Fällen ist dies ein nicht hinnehmbarer Zustand. Diese Ausarbeitung beschäftigt sich daher mit der Dauer einer Sicherung von Speichermedien mit unterschiedlichen Größen. Daraus soll im weiteren Verlauf erarbeitet werden, ob es Einsparpotenzial bei der Dauer einer Sicherung gibt, damit zum Beispiel Kriminalfälle schneller aufgeklärt werden können. Hierfür werden freie und kommerziell genutzte Programme untersucht, verglichen und hinsichtlich ihrer zeitlichen Sicherungsmöglichkeiten forensisch bewertet.
title: Literature (France)
title: Literature (France)
Creators: name: Beaupré, Nicolas
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Frankreich
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Literatur
subject: World War, 1914-1918--France
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Literature and the war

description: Behind the lines, writers largely supported the war effort in their countries. A few exceptions nonetheless voiced their disapproval of the war, although this came mostly from authors in exile. The conflict gave rise to a new literary trend in several of the countries at war; in France, this phenomenon is often referred to as “soldiers’ testimony”. Indeed, hundreds of writers went to the front; and conversely, some regular soldiers discovered their penchant for writing in the trenches. These “soldier-writers” used literature–both poetry and prose–to describe an experience stamped with the mark of industrial war and mass death. Attempts to write about the war experience culminated during the war years, but also continued beyond 1918 and even spurred heated debate about the ultimate goals of such writing.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
title: Turning Old into New – The Lane Change to a Circular Economy in the Automotive Industry
Creators: name: Winkelmann, Stephanie
name: Schweihoff, Julia
name: Jussen, Ilka
name: Möller, Frederik
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Circular Economy
subject: 9R framework
subject: Automotive
subject: Measures

description: Sustainability and circular economy have gained significant interest in research, politics, and society. The circular economy is a product of the transformation from a traditional "take-make- dispose"-approach to a closed-loop system, intending to reduce waste and reuse existing resources. The circular economy (CE) is particularly important for the automotive industry as it contributes greatly to global waste and pollution. Although many companies see the potential in the circular economy, research on it is still in its infancy. This paper starts precisely at this point, and analyses publicly presented measures for circular behavior in the automotive industry. We constructed a final sample of nine companies and conducted a website analysis. We assigned 150 identified measures to 30 dimensions and the 9R framework. Our findings indicate that recycling is the most applied principle in the automotive industry. Some measures do not fit the 9R framework. Thus, we argue to supplement the CE principles.
Uncommon Sense, Uncommon Courage: How the New York City School System, Its Teachers, Leadership and Students Responded to the Terror of September 11
Creators: name: Degnan, Anne Lee
name: Thomas, Gregory A.
name: Markenson, David
name: Song, Yumie
name: Fuller, Elizabeth J.
name: Redlener, Irwin E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Emergency management
Emergency management--Evaluation
September 11 Terrorist Attacks (2001)

description: Eight public schools are situated within a quarter mile of Ground Zero with 9,000 students ranging in ages from three to eighteen years – grammar, middle and high schools. On Tuesday, September 11, 2001 in the midst of chaos and a relentless unfolding of tragedy, professionals of the Board of Education safely evacuated all 9,000 students without injury. They also ensured that all 1.1 million school children, in every part of the city got home safely, reunited with family and loved ones. They did this as transportation around the City was halted, subways, roads, bridges were closed, and airspace over the United States was shutdown except to military flights. This report is the articulation of a truly effective reaction by a complex organization. Some would label it as luck or extraordinary good fortune. In fact, when all the evidence is finally in, this report argues that the Board of Education’s handling of the crisis presented by 9/11, comprised its “shining moment” – where leadership and courage were manifest and where the paramount objective “get our kids home safe” made the difference between life and death.
Diplomatic History: The Turkey-Armenia Protocols
Creators: name: Phillips, David L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: International relations
Diplomatic relations
Diplomacy
Peace-building

description: Diplomatic History: The Turkey-Armenia Protocols was published by Columbia University’s Institute for the Study of Human Rights and the Future of Diplomacy Project at Harvard’s Kennedy School (March 1, 2012). The monograph studies Turkish-Armenian rapprochement since 2001, which culminated in the signing of The Protocols on Normalization of Armenian-Turkish Relations. Though the Protocols were never ratified, the monograph offers suggestions for revitalizing diplomacy aimed at opening the Turkey-Armenia border to normal travel and trade. It was presented to an inter-agency group convened by the U.S. State Department, a briefing to staff of the House International Affairs Committee, the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Turkish and Armenian officials, audiences in Turkey and Armenia, Swiss mediators, and Columbia students.
Observers can always generate nonlocal correlations without aligning measurements by covering all their bases
Creators: name: Wallman, Joel J.
name: Bartlett, Stephen D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum theory allows for correlations between the outcomes of distant measurements that are inconsistent with any locally causal theory, as demonstrated by the violation of a Bell inequality. Typical demonstrations of these correlations require careful alignment between the measurements, which requires distant parties to share a reference frame. Here, we prove, following a numerical observation by Shadbolt et al., that if two parties share a Bell state and each party randomly chooses three orthogonal measurements, then the parties will always violate a Bell inequality. Furthermore, we prove that this probability is highly robust against local depolarizing noise, in that small levels of noise only decrease the probability of violating a Bell inequality by a small amount. We also show that generalizing to N parties increases the robustness against noise. These results improve on previous ones that only allowed a high probability of violating a Bell inequality for large numbers of parties.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures. v2: updated reference. v3: published version
title: Monitoring of Digitization and Sustainability on Twitter
Creators: name: Vahdatnia, Ali
name: Peachkah, Danoosh
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Digitization
subject: Sustainability
subject: Sentiments
subject: Germany
subject: Twitter

description: In today's era of technological advancements, particularly in the realm of cyber technologies like the internet and social media platforms, conducting research on the reception of Digitization and Sustainability has become more accessible, affordable, and convenient. Among these platforms, Twitter stands out as a pioneering and appealing medium for such research endeavors. Therefore, we selected Twitter social media platform to analyze public opinions expressed through tweets and how these concepts are connected to skills and tools and the labor market. By gathering data related to specific keywords and utilizing SpaCy for sentiment analysis in our customized pipeline, we observed that a majority of tweets originating from Germany exhibited a positive sentiment towards sustainability strategies but expressed more negative views, especially regarding methods of leftover disposal. Additionally, we concluded that even a proficient analyzer may generate irrelevant results if the keywords being searched inherently possess negative sentiments.
Ultrafast absorption of intense x rays by nitrogen molecules
Creators: name: Buth, Christian
name: Liu, Ji-Cai
name: Chen, Mau Hsiung
name: Cryan, James P.
name: Fang, Li
name: Glownia, James M.
name: Hoener, Matthias
name: Coffee, Ryan N.
name: Berrah, Nora
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We devise a theoretical description for the response of nitrogen molecules (N2) to ultrashort and intense x rays from the free electron laser (FEL) Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS). We set out from a rate-equation description for the x-ray absorption by a nitrogen atom. The equations are formulated using all one-x-ray-photon absorption cross sections and the Auger and radiative decay widths of multiply-ionized nitrogen atoms. Cross sections are obtained with a one-electron theory and decay widths are determined from ab initio computations using the Dirac-Hartree-Slater (DHS) method. We also calculate all binding and transition energies of nitrogen atoms in all charge states with the DHS method as the difference of two self-consistent field calculations (Delta SCF method). To describe the interaction with N2, a detailed investigation of intense x-ray-induced ionization and molecular fragmentation are carried out. As a figure of merit, we calculate ion yields and the average charge state measured in recent experiments at the LCLS. We use a series of phenomenological models of increasing sophistication to unravel the mechanisms of the interaction of x rays with N2: a single atom, a symmetric-sharing model, and a fragmentation-matrix model are developed. The role of the formation and decay of single and double core holes, the metastable states of N_2^2+, and molecular fragmentation are explained.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables, RevTeX4.1, supporting materials in the Data Conservancy, revised
title: Digitalisierung in der Amateurmusik
Creators: name: Balke, Stefan
name: Maiworm, Adrian
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computergestützte Musikverarbeitung
subject: Multimedia
subject: Datenarchivierung

description: Die Rolle der Notenverantwortlichen ist in einem Musikverein von großer Bedeutung. Neben der Bereitstellung der Noten für die regelmäßige Probenarbeit sind sie ebenfalls für die Archivierung des Notenbestandes verantwortlich. Ein wachsender Anteil dieses Bestandes wird heutzutage in digitaler Form erworben bzw. bei Eingang durch Einscannen digitalisiert. Die Ablage dieser digitalen Artefakte stellt viele Vereine vor eine besondere und oftmals ungewohnte Herausforderung. In diesem Beitrag wollen wir einen exemplarischen Digitalisierungsprozess im Amateurbereich am Beispiel eines Sinfonischen Blasorchesters beschreiben. Ferner legen wir typische Anforderungen aus dem Orchester an die Notenverantwortlichen dar und explorieren in einem ersten Anwendungsfall, wie diese durch algorithmische Unterstützung automatisiert werden können.
Improving Measurement of Latin American Inequality and Poverty with an Eye to Equitable Growth Policy
Creators: name: Berry, Albert
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Economics

description: In Latin America the last 30 years have seen enormous strides in the measurement of inequality and poverty at the national (and subnational) level and in the feasibility of making meaningful comparisons across countries and over time in the same country. Latin America is around the norm for developing countries as a whole in this regard; the availability and accuracy of its data is better than in some other regions but weaker than in others. It now permits reasonable guesses as to the true level of inequality in most countries of the region, makes it clear that inequality is higher in some than in others and, usually with less confidence, allows some judgments on trends. The regional distinctions are basically more feasible than the over time judgments, because the observed variance is several times higher; thus the reported Gini coefficient in Brazil is usually around 0.60 and that in Uruguay is around 0.40,1 so the likelihood that non-comparability of estimates would negate the conclusion that inequality is much greater in Brazil than in Uruguay is extremely remote. Over time it is rare to see the reported Gini coefficient for a given country vary by more than 0.04-0.05, so if the error of estimate changed considerably over the period of that change, it is less assured that a true change did occur. Reported changes of up to about 0.05 in the Gini coefficient make it necessary to attach a probability statement to any surmise as to whether a change really occurred. Such caveats notwithstanding, our knowledge has increased greatly, both about the level of inequality per se, its components (e.g. how much is associated with inequality of labor income) and various of its correlates, and with respect to the nature of the remaining measurement errors. The fact that reported inequality tends to be very stable in most countries, in the absence of identifiable changes in measurement (e.g. in the nature of the questions asked in the surveys) suggests that true inequality is also stable. The main possible exception to this generalization is that overall measurement error could change over time in a way closely related to changes in true capital income distribution and/or true capital share; thus reported capital income and its impact on reported inequality might not change while true capital income and true overall distribution did. Such a change might result from financial liberalization, frequently argued to have contributed to rising inequality in developing countries (Cornia, 2004; Behrman et al, 2000).
Opetopes and chain complexes
Creators: name: Steiner, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18D05

description: We give a simple algebraic description of opetopes in terms of chain complexes, and we show how this description is related to combinatorial descriptions in terms of treelike structures. More generally, we show that the chain complexes associated to higher categories generate graphlike structures. The algebraic description gives a relationship between the opetopic approach and other approaches to higher category theory. It also gives an easy way to calculate the sources and targets of opetopes.
description: 20 pages. Revised version has an extra figure
title: Planung des Ländlichen On-Demand-Verkehr - Probleme, Analyse und Algorithmen
Creators: name: Löffler, Sven
name: Becker, Ilja
name: Hofstedt, Petra
name: Nitze, André
name: Hennig, Silvia
name: Klinge, Alexander
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Open Source
subject: ÖPNV
subject: On-Demand-Verkehr
subject: Vehicle Routing
subject: Shortest Path Problem

description: On-Demand-Verkehre können helfen, Lücken im ländlichen öffentlichen Personennah- verkehr (ÖPNV) zu schließen. Hohe Lizenzgebühren für proprietäre Software halten jedoch viele Kommunen von der Einführung entsprechender Verkehre ab, insbesondere in strukturschwachen Regionen, die diese besonders nötig hätten. Hinzu kommt, dass entstehende digitale Angebote meist Software-Inseln bleiben und verfügbare Routing-Algorithmen derzeit noch weitgehend ungeeignet sind, bestehendem Linienverkehr zuzuliefern und Parallelverkehre zu vermeiden. In dieser Arbeit werden Ergebnisse einer Machbarkeitsstudie von ländlichem On-Demand-Verkehr im Rahmen eines Projektes vorgestellt und diskutiert. Wir betrachten dazu die aktuelle Situation in der gewählten Modellstadt Spremberg und analysieren die Anwendbarkeit verschiedener Algorithmen zur Planung von On-Demand-Verkehr. Ziel ist eine niedrigschwellige Open Source-Lösung für ein intermodales Routing im ländlichen Raum. Diese soll in die Open-Data-Plattform bbnavi integriert werden können, um die Nutzung bestehender Mobilitätsdaten zu vereinfachen, Interoperabilität herzustellen und die Übertragbarkeit in andere Regionen zu erleichtern. In einem geplanten Folgeprojekt soll auf Basis der Machbarkeitsstudie eine entsprechende Software entwickelt und in einem Modellprojekt in Spremberg erprobt werden. Die zu entwickelnde Open Source-Lösung soll den Kostendeckungs- grad von Letzte-Meile-Verkehren verbessern und es kommunalen Akteuren ermöglichen, selbst zu Mobilitätsdienstleistern zu werden und entsprechende Geschäftsmodelle zu entwickeln.
Seismic topographic scattering in the context of GW detector site selection
Creators: name: Coughlin, Michael
name: Harms, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we present a calculation of seismic scattering from irregular surface topography in the Born approximation. Based on US-wide topographic data, we investigate topographic scattering at specific sites to demonstrate its impact on Newtonian-noise estimation and subtraction for future gravitational-wave detectors. We find that topographic scattering at a comparatively flat site in Oregon would not pose any problems, whereas scattering at a second site in Montana leads to significant broadening of wave amplitudes in wavenumber space that would make Newtonian-noise subtraction very challenging. Therefore, it is shown that topographic scattering should be included as criterion in the site-selection process of future low-frequency gravitational-wave detectors.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures
Voice for the Voiceless: Southern Sudanese Voice for Freedom Report on Sudanese Refugees in Israel
Creators: name: Goldberg, Danielle
name: Mulla, Jimmy
name: Lee, Paulette
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Refugees
Refugees--Legal status, laws, etc.
Refugees--Social conditions

description: Southern Sudanese Voice for Freedom (SSVF) president Jimmy Mulla, SSVF vice president White Walla, Sudanese activist Simon Deng, and New York-based freelance journalist Heather Robinson traveled to Israel May 17-25, 2008 to learn about the challenges facing Sudanese refugees there, and to seek ways to help through collaboration with the Israeli government, the United Nations, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), individuals working with the refugees, and community representatives. The trip was also a follow-up to Simon Deng's appeal to the Israeli government to grant Sudanese refugees a temporary status and not return them to Egypt, out of fear for their safety. In preparation for and during the trip, we established relationships with the Israeli Embassy and the Anti-Defamation League (ADL) in the U.S., the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) in Israel, Israeli refugee advocacy NGOs, the Hebrew Immigration and Aid Society in Tel Aviv, ADL in Jerusalem, the International Christian Embassy Jerusalem (ICEJ), and the Mesila Foundation in Tel Aviv. We also toured Yad Vashem's Holocaust Memorial Museum in Jerusalem. This report presents our findings and impressions concerning the plight of Sudanese refugees in Israel, and our recommendations for addressing their needs.