cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
"Wir dürfen wieder Österreicher sein!" Die Rolle der Tagespresse in österreichischen Nation-Building-Prozessen 1945–1948 – eine quantitative Analyse ausgewählter digitaler Zeitungskorpora samt Vorschlägen zur didaktischen Umsetzung
Creators: name: Hechl, Stefan Patrick
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: While the topic of Austrian national identity is well-researched, most studies focus on the years after the State Treaty in 1955 as well as the 1970s and 1980s. This thesis assesses processes of nation-building and the formation of Austrian national identity by using digital methods to analyse a large corpus of Austrian daily newspapers from 1945 to 1948, a period largely neglected by existing research. The corpus covers a wide ideological range from left to right and from pro-US to pro-Soviet, containing the complete text of all issues of five Austrian newspapers that appeared daily from April 1945 until December 1948. Since daily newspapers provided one of the best ways for political parties and the Allied powers to spread unfiltered information and propaganda throughout the population, they are a valuable source when researching the formation of national identity. Digital text mining methods, such as diachronic frequency analyses, word correspondence analyses or topic models, can provide insights and highlight trends and hidden patterns that would otherwise not be visible. The research shows that while discourses on Austrian identity were not as explicit in the years 1945 - 1948 as they became after 1955, some important groundwork for the formation of national identity was laid in the immediate aftermath of World War Two. Especially the year 1945 is notable in this regard, while the following years gradually saw a return to a certain post-war daily routine with less discussion on topics connected to national identity. However, frequency analyses show that this topic closely correlates to various events related to negotiations regarding the Austrian state treaty, and that in general, the formation of Austrian national identity was strongly connected to external factors within the context of the beginning Cold War. The dimensions of the past and the future also played an important role in the discourses surrounding the early formation of post-war Austrian identity, as can be quantitatively deduced from the corpus. In this regard, the analysis was able to quantitatively prove some hypotheses previously formulated by scholars without access to the corpus, and to discover previously unknown quantitative textual patterns regarding the topic of Austrian national identity.
Looking for the first galaxies: Lensing or blank fields?
Creators: name: Maizy, A.
name: Richard, J.
name: De Leo, M. A.
name: Pello, R.
name: Kneib, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The identification and study of the first galaxies remains one of the most exciting topics in observational cosmology. The determination of the best possible observing strategies is a very important choice in order to build up a representative sample of spectroscopically confirmed sources at high-z (z>7), beyond the limits of present-day observations. This paper is intended to precisely adress the relative efficiency of lensing and blank fields in the identification and study of galaxies at 6~7. Also in this case, the number of z>8 sources expected at the typical depth of JWST (AB~28-29) is much higher in lensing than in blank fields (e.g. a factor of ~10 for AB6-7, whereas lensing clusters are particularly useful for exploring the mid to faint end of the LF.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
The visible and invisible dimensions of gender inequality in the Global South. Three essays on time use, mental load, and depression.
Creators: name: Vitellozzi, Sveva
Publisher: name: Università degli studi di Trento
Year: 2023

description: This thesis investigates gender inequalities in low- and middle-income countries. Even though the topic has been largely analyzed in the literature, the main novelty of this work is the focus on the invisible dimension of these inequalities. Exploiting longitudinal, satellite, and experimental data, this thesis analyzes causes and consequences of three important dimensions of gender inequalities: the unequal division of time between spouses; mental load (the management behind household activities); and depression. What emerges is that exogenous shocks can positively challenge the unequal allocation of time between domestic and market activities within the household, leading women to engage more in income-generating activities and increasing their empowerment. However, if not paired with a more gender-equal division of roles in the household, an increased participation in the labor market risks enhancing mental load, which in turn reduces women's labor productivity and increases the likelihood of choosing a less cognitively demanding, and less remunerative job. Especially in low-income contexts, the burden of mental load is strictly correlated with mental disorders such as anxiety, chronic stress, or depression. Suffering from depression affects economic preferences and leads women to alter their health and saving behaviors in ways that could be detrimental in the long-run. Ultimately, this thesis shows that these dimensions of gender inequalities are more interconnected than they appear in reality, and that they need to be addressed jointly to better understand their persistence worldwide.
Dirichlet polynomials: some old and recent results, and their interplay in number theory
Creators: name: Weber, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30B50, 11M06

description: In the first part of this expository paper, we present and discuss the interplay of Dirichlet polynomials in some classical problems of number theory, notably the Lindelöf Hypothesis. We review some typical properties of their means and continue with some investigations concerning their supremum properties. Their random counterpart is considered in the last part of the paper, where a analysis of their supremum properties, based on methods of stochastic processes, is developed.
description: 29 pages
A Review of Adversarial Attack and Defense for Classification Methods
Creators: name: Li, Yao
name: Cheng, Minhao
name: Hsieh, Cho-Jui
name: Lee, Thomas C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite the efficiency and scalability of machine learning systems, recent studies have demonstrated that many classification methods, especially deep neural networks (DNNs), are vulnerable to adversarial examples; i.e., examples that are carefully crafted to fool a well-trained classification model while being indistinguishable from natural data to human. This makes it potentially unsafe to apply DNNs or related methods in security-critical areas. Since this issue was first identified by Biggio et al. (2013) and Szegedy et al.(2014), much work has been done in this field, including the development of attack methods to generate adversarial examples and the construction of defense techniques to guard against such examples. This paper aims to introduce this topic and its latest developments to the statistical community, primarily focusing on the generation and guarding of adversarial examples. Computing codes (in python and R) used in the numerical experiments are publicly available for readers to explore the surveyed methods. It is the hope of the authors that this paper will encourage more statisticians to work on this important and exciting field of generating and defending against adversarial examples.
A novel evidence-based medicine approach for determining aetiology of side effects with statins
Creators: name: Wood, Frances
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: Statins are a proven highly effective way to prevent and manage cardiovascular disease. Adherence to cardiovascular prevention medication, including statins, is poor and results in morbidity, mortality and increased healthcare costs. Side effects are often a cause for stopping statins in clinical practice despite there being equivalent rates of side effects between statins and placebo tablets in randomised blinded control trials. The Self-Assessment Method for statin side effects Or Nocebo (SAMSON) developed a phone application to allow participants to test for themselves in a randomised controlled trial whether statins side effects were greater when taking a statin compared to a placebo and also compared tablet periods to no treatment periods. The results demonstrated there was no significant difference between statin or placebo months but there was a significant difference between tablets and no tablet months. What is more, after being given their personal trial results 50% of participants restarted a statin. The results offer a potential intervention to help patients restart statins which are a drug indicated for various disease conditions not just for cardiovascular disease. This type of intervention also has potential utility in other types of drug classes where nocebo is an issue. Furthermore, the research reflects on individual experiences of statins and finds that although there is trust in medical professionals there is a lot of counter-information about statins that can make patients unsure what information is accurate. This thesis raises an important questions about whether patients knowing about the nocebo effect might help them to be less likely to fall foul of it. In light of the findings of this thesis, current management of suspected side effects with statins might not be effective or even counterproductive and review of existing guidelines in light of the results of this thesis are recommended.
Additional file 1 of Functional examination of lncRNAs in allotetraploid Gossypium hirsutum
Creators: name: Wang, Luyao
name: Han, Jin
name: Lu, Kening
name: Li, Menglin
name: Gao, Mengtao
name: Cao, Zeyi
name: Zhao, Ting
name: Chen, Xue
name: Tao, Xiaoyuan
name: Chen, Quanjia
name: Guan, Xueying
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Examination of repeatability among RNA sequencing samples. A: Heatmaps correlating expression levels among samples based on the RNA-seq profiles of cotton seedlings treated with drought, NaCl, and heat. B: Heatmaps correlating expression levels among samples based on the RNA-seq profiles of cotton seedlings treated with cold.
Non chiral dynamical flavors and screening on the conifold
Creators: name: Bigazzi, Francesco
name: Cotrone, Aldo L.
name: Paredes, Angel
name: Ramallo, Alfonso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new class of string theory solutions which are conjectured to be dual to the N=1 conifold theory by Klebanov and Witten coupled to non chiral massive dynamical flavors. These are introduced, in the Veneziano limit, by means of suitably embedded and smeared D7-branes whose full backreaction on the background is taken into account. The string solutions are used to study chromoelectric charge screening effects due to the dynamical flavors in the non perturbative regime of the dual gauge theories.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, previously unpublished results presented. Contribution to the proceedings of the RTN workshop "Constituents, Fundamental Forces and Symmetries of the Universe", Varna, Bulgaria, September 11-17, 2008
Observation of a ppb mass threshoud enhancement in ψ^\prime\toπ^+π^-J/ψ(J/ψ\toγp\bar{p}) decay
Creators: name: The BESIII Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The decay channel $ψ^\prime\toπ^+π^-J/ψ(J/ψ\toγp\bar{p})$ is studied using a sample of $1.06\times 10^8$ $ψ^\prime$ events collected by the BESIII experiment at BEPCII. A strong enhancement at threshold is observed in the $p\bar{p}$ invariant mass spectrum. The enhancement can be fit with an $S$-wave Breit-Wigner resonance function with a resulting peak mass of $M=1861^{+6}_{-13} {\rm (stat)}^{+7}_{-26} {\rm (syst)} {\rm MeV/}c^2$ and a narrow width that is $Γ<38 {\rm MeV/}c^2$ at the 90% confidence level. These results are consistent with published BESII results. These mass and width values do not match with those of any known meson resonance.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Chinese Physics C
Four-valued logics of truth, non-falsity, exact truth, and material equivalence
Creators: name: Přenosil, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03B50, 03B53, 03G27

description: The four-valued semantics of Belnap--Dunn logic, consisting of the truth values True, False, Neither, and Both, gives rise to several non-classical logics depending on which feature of propositions we wish to preserve: truth, non-falsity, or exact truth (truth and non-falsity). Interpreting equality of truth values in this semantics as material equivalence of propositions, we can moreover see the equational consequence relation of this four-element algebra as a logic of material equivalence. In this paper we axiomatize all combinations of these four-valued logics, for example the logic of truth and exact truth or the logic of truth and material equivalence. These combined systems are consequence relations which allow us to express implications involving more than one of these features of propositions.
description: 20 pages, 1 figure
The Upsilon -> X gamma photon spectrum in the soft-energy region
Creators: name: Ruiz-Femenia, Pedro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dominant contribution of the next-to-leading order perturbative QCD corrections to the Upsilon -> X gamma photon energy spectrum for photon energies w ~ m_b alpha_s can be obtained trivially from the knowledge of the corresponding O(alpha) correction to the positronium decay spectrum in the same region. The latter can be obtained from the NRQED computation of the orthopositronium photon spectrum, or by applying the threshold expansion to the 1-loop QED amplitude, as it is explained in this talk.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures. Contribution to the proceedings of EFT'09 - International Workshop on Effective Field Theories: from the Pion to the Upsilon-, 1-6 February 2009, Valencia (Spain)
Does decentralisation turn minority parties into secessionists? Insights from Eastern and Western Europe
Creators: name: Szöcsik, Edina
name: Zuber, Christina Isabel
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biochemistry
Medicine
Developmental Biology
Science Policy

description: Whereas Western European governments have devolved political authority to minority regions, governments in Eastern Europe have shied away from using decentralisation to accommodate national minorities. This article assesses how these differences affect the secessionism of minority parties. The theoretical section argues that both programmatic accommodation (i.e. when governments adopt positions in favour of decentralisation) and institutional accommodation (i.e. when governments create regions that correspond to the settlement areas of minority groups and transfer authority to the regional level) increase the likelihood that minority parties will adopt secessionist positions. Regression analyses of 83 European minority parties show that a higher level of programmatic and institutional accommodation is indeed associated with a higher likelihood of secessionism. However, increases in programmatic accommodation between 2011 and 2017 in fact decrease the likelihood that minority parties turn secessionist when using the method of first differences. Future research should therefore collect panel data on minority parties’ positions.
Cost-effectiveness of high dose versus adjuvanted trivalent influenza vaccines in England and Wales
Creators: name: Mattock, Richard
name: Gibbons, Ilana
name: Moss, Joe
name: Mealing, Stuart
name: Largeron, Nathalie
name: Carroll, Stuart
name: Alvarez, Fabián P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: High dose trivalent influenza vaccine (HD TIV) and adjuvant TIV (aTIV) have been developed specifically for adults aged 65 and older (65+) who are at high risk of life-threatening complications. However, there is a scarcity of evidence comparing the clinical and cost-effectiveness of HD TIV and aTIV. The aim of this study was to determine the cost-effectiveness of HD TIV versus aTIV in the England and Wales 65+ population. A cost-utility analysis was conducted using a decision tree with two influenza related outcomes: Laboratory confirmed cases that could result in GP consultation, and hospitalizations that may result in premature mortality. Due to a lack of comparative evidence, the effectiveness of HD TIV versus aTIV was calculated indirectly, based on relative effectiveness estimates for each vaccine versus a common comparator, standard dose (SD) TIV. The primary analysis included hospitalizations explicitly due to influenza/pneumonia. Cost-effectiveness was established for three scenarios applying differing relative effectiveness estimates for aTIV versus SD TIV. Uncertainty was analysed in one-way deterministic sensitivity analyses. A secondary analysis included hospitalizations due to any respiratory illness. The minimum population impact of vaccination with HD TIV rather than aTIV was 13,092 fewer influenza cases, 1,109 fewer influenza related deaths, 4,673 fewer hospitalizations, and 3,245 fewer GP appointments. HD TIV was cost-effective versus aTIV for all three effectiveness scenarios, with incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER) equal to £1,932, £4,181, and £8,767 per quality adjusted life year. Results were consistent across the secondary analysis and deterministic sensitivity analyses. The analysis was limited by a lack of robust and consistent effectiveness data for aTIV. HD TIV is cost-effective versus aTIV in people aged 65+ in England and Wales. Use of HD TIV over aTIV could increase clinical benefits and reduce the public health and economic burden of influenza.
An imaging polarimetry survey of Type Ia supernovae: are peculiar extinction and polarization properties produced by circumstellar or interstellar matter?
Creators: name: Chu, Matthew R.
name: Cikota, Aleksandar
name: Baade, Dietrich
name: Patat, Ferdinando
name: Filippenko, Alexei V.
name: Wheeler, J. Craig
name: Maund, Justyn
name: Bulla, Mattia
name: Yang, Yi
name: Höflich, Peter
name: Wang, Lifan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some highly reddened Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) display low total-to-selective extinction ratios ($R_V \lesssim 2$) in comparison to that of typical Milky Way dust ($R_V \approx 3.3$), and polarization curves that rise steeply to blue wavelengths, with peak polarization values at short wavelengths ($λ_{\rm max} < 0.4$ $μ$m) in comparison to the typical Galactic values ($λ_{\rm max} \approx 0.55$ $μ$m). Understanding the source of these properties could provide insight into the progenitor systems of SNe Ia. We aim to determine whether they are the result of the host galaxy's interstellar dust or circumstellar dust. This is accomplished by analysing the continuum polarization of 66 SNe Ia in dust-rich spiral galaxies and 13 SNe Ia in dust-poor elliptical galaxies as a function of normalised galactocentric distance. We find that there is a general trend of SNe Ia in spiral galaxies displaying increased polarization values when located closer to the host galaxies' centre, while SNe Ia in elliptical host galaxies display low polarization. Furthermore, all highly polarized SNe Ia in spiral host galaxies display polarization curves rising toward blue wavelengths, while no evidence of such polarization properties is shown in elliptical host galaxies. This indicates that the source of the peculiar polarization curves is likely the result of interstellar material as opposed to circumstellar material. The peculiar polarization and extinction properties observed toward some SNe Ia may be explained by the radiative torque disruption mechanism induced by the SN or the interstellar radiation field.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Searching for extremal PPT entangled states
Creators: name: Augusiak, Remigiusz
name: Grabowski, Janusz
name: Kuś, Marek
name: Lewenstein, Maciej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study extremality in various sets of states that have positive partial transposes. One of the tools we use for this purpose is the recently formulated criterion allowing to judge if a given state is extremal in the set of PPT states. First we investigate qubit--ququart states and show that the only candidates for extremal PPT entangled states (PPTES) have ranks of the state and its partial transposition (5,5) or (5,6) (equivalently (6,5)). Then, examples of extremal states of (5,5) type and the so--called edge states of type (5,6) are provided. We also make an attempt to explore the set of PPT states with ranks (5,6). Finally, we discuss what are the possible configurations of ranks of density matrices and their respective partial transposition in general three-qubit and four-qubit symmetric states for which there may exist extremal entangled PPT states. For instance in the first case we show that the only possibilities are (4,4,4) and (4,4,5).
description: 12 pages, 2 figures, revised version due to the partial overlap with results of arXiv:0704.3348, some new results on extremality in multi-qubit systems added, contribution to the special issue of Optics Communications in memory of Krzysztof Wodkiewicz
Dealignment, realignment and generational differences in The Netherlands
Creators: name: Brug, Wouter Van Der
name: Rekker, Roderik
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: A central question in Western European electoral research is whether electoral changes over the past decades should be interpreted in terms of dealignment or realignment. Although many scholars study this question, they have not paid much attention to the role of generational replacement. This ‘age-period-cohort’ (APC) study fills this void by examining the last 10 national elections in the Netherlands (1986–2017). The hypothesis is tested that the determinants of party choice differ systematically across generations. With regard to period effects, it is found that the association between party preference and its predictors has mainly weakened. Over generations, contrarily no decreasing associations are found. The effects of religion, social class, partisanship, left–right and redistribution have not structurally decreased with each successive generation, whereas the effects of education, immigration and European unification are stronger for younger generations. Taken together, these findings reveal how dealignment over time can co-exist with realignment over generations.
The beginning of Bronze technology in East Asia
Creators: name: Stark, Mary Verna
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The purpose of this thesis is to review the English language material concerning the beginning of bronze technology in East Asia in order to evaluate the evidence for the birth of bronze metallurgy in East Asia. The method of investigation was first to study published and unpublished material on North, Central and South East Asia. This study included the history of research under the categories of method, theory, and chronology of archaeological investigations, and hypotheses on origins and routes of bronze technology in East Asia. The examination of bronze metallurgy followed. This comprised the ramifications of the occurrence of copper-working, the production and analysis of the alloy bronze, the method of production of bronze objects, the dating of bronze artifacts and the social context of bronze production. The next step in the study was to explore the Neolithic stages of culture in the diverse areas in order to examine the precursors of bronze-producing societies and to determine the earliest bronze assemblages. The earliest bronze assemblages were in turn investigated. The metal objects, both copper and bronze, in these assemblages were tabulated and compared chronologically. The categories of metal objects were used to illustrate the relative sociocultural integration of each bronze producing group. Evidence of casting of the metal in the assemblages was compared to ascertain the similarities, if any, among production procedures. Chemical analyses of the bronze in the assemblages were tabulated for comparison and examination of relationships. Finally, similar types of artifacts in the assemblages were tabulated for stylistic comparison. The general conclusions from these investigations are that the four assemblages of earliest bronze technology in East Asia are from Minusinsk in southern Siberia, Erh-li-t'ou in North China, Ta-p'o-na in southwest China and Non Nok Tha in northeastern Thailand. Of these assemblages, neither Minusinsk nor Ta-p'o-na demonstrated the beginning of bronze production. The archaeological evidence does not establish the beginning of bronze metallurgy as being shown at either Erh-li-t'ou or at Non Nok Tha but the possibility exists for either indigenous development from external stimulus or separate invention with no outside stimulus of any kind for either area. This study has demonstrated the existence of different technologies, different levels of social integration and different social contexts for bronze in all four early assemblages. Thus it has also demonstrated that the beginning of bronze production did not have to occur in urban or state environments.
What is intergovernmental about the EU’s ‘(new) intergovernmentalist’ turn? Evidence from the Eurozone and asylum crises
Creators: name: Smeets, Sandrino
name: Zaun, Natascha
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Engaging with recent claims of increased intergovernmental dynamics, this article asks what exactly is intergovernmental about the EU’s major crisis-induced reforms. Drawing on central claims of both New Intergovernmentalism and Liberal Intergovernmentalism, it is demonstrated that the Eurozone reform and the asylum reform differ significantly regarding the role played by the European Council (NI) and the role of institutional expertise provided by supranational actors (LI). While the European Council played a central facilitating role in the Eurozone crisis and worked effectively with the Commission, which provided important technical expertise, expertise in the area of asylum still largely lies with the member states. The Commission therefore acted as a political stakeholder, thus estranging the European Council that subsequently acted as a reform blocker. This article is a first attempt to assess empirically the micro-level foundations of different types of intergovernmentalism and to nuance claims on the weakened role of supranational institutions.
Multiplexing of discrete chaotic signals in presence of noise
Creators: name: Nagaraj, Nithin
name: Vaidya, Prabhakar G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, multiplexing of discrete chaotic signals in the presence of noise is investigated. Existing methods are based on chaotic synchronization which is susceptible to noise and parameter mismatch. Furthermore, these methods fail for multiplexing more than two discrete chaotic signals. We propose two novel methods to multiplex multiple discrete chaotic signals based on the principle of symbolic sequence invariance in the presence of noise and finite precision implementation of finding the initial condition of an arbitrarily long symbolic sequence of a chaotic map.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
La identidad como indagación. Una conversación con Margo Glantz a partir de su libro Las genealogías, México 1981 (10 de mayo de 2014), pp. 183-187
Creators: name: Perassi, Emilia
Publisher: name: Università degli  Studi di Milano
Year: 2014

description: La identidad como indagación
Una conversación con Margo Glantz
a partir de su libro Las genealogías, México 1981
(10 de mayo de 2014)
por Emilia Perassi
description: Altre Modernità, 2014: NUMERO SPECIALE Migrazioni, diaspora, esilio nelle letterature e culture ispanoamericane
Cost-effectiveness of high dose versus adjuvanted trivalent influenza vaccines in England and Wales
Creators: name: Mattock, Richard
name: Gibbons, Ilana
name: Moss, Joe
name: Mealing, Stuart
name: Largeron, Nathalie
name: Carroll, Stuart
name: Alvarez, Fabián P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: High dose trivalent influenza vaccine (HD TIV) and adjuvant TIV (aTIV) have been developed specifically for adults aged 65 and older (65+) who are at high risk of life-threatening complications. However, there is a scarcity of evidence comparing the clinical and cost-effectiveness of HD TIV and aTIV. The aim of this study was to determine the cost-effectiveness of HD TIV vs aTIV in the England and Wales 65+ population. A cost-utility analysis was conducted using a decision tree with two influenza related outcomes: Laboratory confirmed cases that could result in GP consultation, and hospitalisations that may result in premature mortality. Due to a lack of comparative evidence, the effectiveness of HD TIV vs. aTIV was calculated indirectly, based on relative effectiveness estimates for each vaccine vs. a common comparator, standard dose (SD) TIV. The primary analysis included hospitalisations explicitly due to influenza/pneumonia. Cost-effectiveness was established for three scenarios applying differing relative effectiveness estimates for aTIV vs. SD TIV. Uncertainty was analysed in one-way deterministic sensitivity analyses. A secondary analysis included hospitalisations due to any respiratory illness. The minimum population impact of vaccination with HD TIV rather than aTIV was 13,092 fewer influenza cases, 1,109 fewer influenza related deaths, 4,673 fewer hospitalisations and 3,245 fewer GP appointments. HD TIV was cost-effective vs. aTIV for all three effectiveness scenarios with incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER) equal to £1,932, £4,181, and £8,767 per quality adjusted life year. Results were consistent across the secondary analysis and deterministic sensitivity analyses. The analysis was limited by a lack of robust and consistent effectiveness data for aTIV. HD TIV is cost-effective vs. aTIV in people aged 65+ in England and Wales. Use of HD TIV over aTIV could increase clinical benefits and reduce the public health and economic burden of influenza.
Gaussian Determinantal Processes: a new model for directionality in data
Creators: name: Ghosh, Subhro
name: Rigollet, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Determinantal point processes (a.k.a. DPPs) have recently become popular tools for modeling the phenomenon of negative dependence, or repulsion, in data. However, our understanding of an analogue of a classical parametric statistical theory is rather limited for this class of models. In this work, we investigate a parametric family of Gaussian DPPs with a clearly interpretable effect of parametric modulation on the observed points. We show that parameter modulation impacts the observed points by introducing directionality in their repulsion structure, and the principal directions correspond to the directions of maximal (i.e. the most long ranged) dependency. This model readily yields a novel and viable alternative to Principal Component Analysis (PCA) as a dimension reduction tool that favors directions along which the data is most spread out. This methodological contribution is complemented by a statistical analysis of a spiked model similar to that employed for covariance matrices as a framework to study PCA. These theoretical investigations unveil intriguing questions for further examination in random matrix theory, stochastic geometry and related topics.
description: Published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (Direct Submission)
Attributing Open-Source Contributions is Critical but Difficult: A Systematic Analysis of GitHub Practices and Their Impact on Software Supply Chain Security.
Creators: name: Holtgrave, Jan-Ulrich
name: Friedrich, Kay
name: Fischer, Fabian
name: Huaman, Nicolas
name: Busch, Niklas
name: Klemmer, Jan H
name: Fourné, Marcel
name: Wiese, Oliver
name: Wermke, Dominik
name: Fahl, Sascha
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2025

description: Critical open-source projects form the basis of many
large software systems. They provide trusted and extensible
implementations of important functionality for cryptography, compatibility, and security. Verifying commit authorship authenticity
in open-source projects is essential and challenging. Git users can
freely configure author details such as names and email addresses.
Platforms like GitHub use such information to generate profile
links to user accounts. We demonstrate three attack scenarios
malicious actors can use to manipulate projects and profiles on
GitHub to appear trustworthy. We designed a mixed-research
study to assess the effect on critical open-source software projects
and evaluated countermeasures. First, we conducted a largescale measurement among 50,328 critical open-source projects
on GitHub and demonstrated that contribution workflows can
be abused in 85.9% of the projects. We identified 573,043 email
addresses that a malicious actor can claim to hijack historic
contributions and improve the trustworthiness of their accounts.
When looking at commit signing as a countermeasure, we found
that the majority of users (95.4%) never signed a commit, and
for the majority of projects (72.1%), no commit was ever signed.
In contrast, only 2.0% of the users signed all their commits,
and for 0.2% of the projects all commits were signed. Commit
signing is not associated with projects’ programming languages,
topics, or other security measures. Second, we analyzed online
security advice to explore the awareness of contributor spoofing
and identify recommended countermeasures. Most documents
exhibit awareness of the simple spoofing technique via Git commits
but no awareness of problems with GitHub’s handling of email
addresses.
Sketch-based Creativity Support Tools using Deep Learning
Creators: name: Huang, Forrest
name: Schoop, Eldon
name: Ha, David
name: Nichols, Jeffrey
name: Canny, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Sketching is a natural and effective visual communication medium commonly used in creative processes. Recent developments in deep-learning models drastically improved machines' ability in understanding and generating visual content. An exciting area of development explores deep-learning approaches used to model human sketches, opening opportunities for creative applications. This chapter describes three fundamental steps in developing deep-learning-driven creativity support tools that consumes and generates sketches: 1) a data collection effort that generated a new paired dataset between sketches and mobile user interfaces; 2) a sketch-based user interface retrieval system adapted from state-of-the-art computer vision techniques; and, 3) a conversational sketching system that supports the novel interaction of a natural-language-based sketch/critique authoring process. In this chapter, we survey relevant prior work in both the deep-learning and human-computer-interaction communities, document the data collection process and the systems' architectures in detail, present qualitative and quantitative results, and paint the landscape of several future research directions in this exciting area.
description: Preprint of chapter in published in "Artificial Intelligence for Human Computer Interaction: A Modern Approach". arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2005.07781
Effect of monochromatic light on the temporal expression of N-acetyltransferase in chick pineal gland
Creators: name: Jiang, Nan
name: Cao, Jing
name: Wang, Zixu
name: Dong, Yulan
name: Chen, Yaoxing
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: The avian pineal gland is an independent molecular oscillator that receives external light information that regulates the synthesis and secretion of melatonin. Arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase plays an important role in the pineal gland by controlling the rhythmic production of melatonin. Previous study showed that monochromatic light influences the secretion of melatonin, which is regulated by the molecular circadian clock genes in chick pineal gland. This study was designed to investigate the effect of monochromatic light on the circadian rhythm of levels of cAanat, clock protein (CLOCK and BMAL1), cCreb, and opsins (cOpnp, Pinopsin; cOpn4-1, Melanopsin-1; cOpn4-2, Melanopsin-2) in chick pineal gland. A total of 240 post-hatching day (P) 0 broiler chickens were reared under white (WL), red (RL), green (GL), and blue light (BL) with light (L)-dark (D) cycle of 12L:12D for 14 d. The results show significant circadian rhythms in the expression of cAanat, CLOCK, BMAL1, cCreb, cOpnp, cOpn4-1, and cOpn4-2, but not for cOpnp under RL. Compared with WL, GL increased the level of cAanat mRNA, while RL decreased it. Meanwhile, CLOCK and BMAL1 proteins were expressed at high levels in GL. Furthermore, the peak of the 24 h pattern of cOpnp mRNA in GL was earlier than that of in WL, RL, and BL. These results demonstrated that monochromatic light affects the daily expression of cAanat in the chick pineal gland via the biological clock. GL activates the transcription of cAanat, while RL suppresses the transcription of cAanat. Meanwhile, GL appears to induce the peak of cOpnp mRNA in advance to affect the transmission of light. Thus, monochromatic light regulates cAanat in the chick pineal gland by affecting the levels of clock regulators via entraining the expression of pineal gland opsins.
The effect of candidate electoral experience on ballot placement in list proportional representation systems
Creators: name: Gert-Jan Put
name: Muyters, Gertjan
name: Maddens, Bart
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: This article investigates how candidate experience in previous elections, measured by the number of prior candidacies, affects ballot placement in list PR systems. The central argument is that selectorates find experienced candidates attractive because of proven loyalty and higher voter recognition. Moreover, prior candidacies strengthen candidates’ familiarity with intra-party selection processes. Returning candidates, however, also risk becoming victims of a seniority trap: after not succeeding to access realistic positions after a number of elections, additional candidacies become harmful as selectorates lose interest. Using data on 18,393 candidacies by 9,905 candidates of parties in Flanders (Belgium) (1987–2019), a set of logit and Cox models test the hypothesised curvilinear effect of prior candidacies on access to realistic positions. Both approaches lead to similar outcomes, confirming that experience positively affects ballot placement but with decreasing marginal utility. These findings have important implications for career strategies and contribute to knowledge on nomination processes and candidate turnover.
On the Magnetic Field Strength of Active Region Filaments
Creators: name: Kuckein, C.
name: Centeno, R.
name: Pillet, V. Martinez
name: Casini, R.
name: Sainz, R. Manso
name: Shimizu, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the vector magnetic field of a filament observed over a compact Active Region Neutral Line. Spectropolarimetric data acquired with TIP-II (VTT, Tenerife, Spain) of the 10830 Åspectral region provide full Stokes vectors which were analyzed using three different methods: magnetograph analysis, Milne-Eddington inversions and PCA-based atomic polarization inversions. The inferred magnetic field strengths in the filament are of the order of 600 - 700 G by all these three methods. Longitudinal fields are found in the range of 100 - 200 G whereas the transverse components become dominant, with fields as large as 500 - 600 G. We find strong transverse fields near the Neutral Line also at photospheric levels. Our analysis indicates that strong (higher than 500 G, but below kG) transverse magnetic fields are present in Active Region filaments. This corresponds to the highest field strengths reliably measured in these structures. The profiles of the Helium 10830 Ålines observed in this Active Region filament are dominated by the Zeeman effect.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics, 9 pages, 4 figures
The Thousand-Pulsar-Array programme on MeerKAT VII: Polarisation properties of pulsars in the Magellanic Clouds
Creators: name: Johnston, S.
name: Parthasarathy, A.
name: Main, R. A.
name: Ridley, J. P.
name: Koribalski, B. S.
name: Bailes, M.
name: Buchner, S. J.
name: Geyer, M.
name: Karastergiou, A.
name: Keith, M. J.
name: Kramer, M.
name: Serylak, M.
name: Shannon, R. M.
name: Spiewak, R.
name: Krishnan, V. Venkatraman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Magellanic Clouds are the only external galaxies known to host radio pulsars. The dispersion and rotation measures of pulsars in the Clouds can aid in understanding their structure, and studies of the pulsars themselves can point to potential differences between them and their Galactic counterparts. We use the high sensitivity of the MeerKAT telescope to observe 17 pulsars in the Small and Large Magellanic Clouds in addition to five foreground (Galactic) pulsars. We provide polarization profiles for 18 of these pulsars, improved measurements of their dispersion and rotation measures, and derive the mean parallel magnetic field along the lines of sight. The results are broadly in agreement with expectations for the structure and strength of the magnetic field in the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds. The Magellanic Cloud pulsars have profiles which are narrower than expected from the period-width relationship and we show this is due to selection effects in pulsar surveys rather than any intrinsic difference between the population of Galactic and Magellanic objects.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Extreme value statistics from the Real Space Renormalization Group: Brownian Motion, Bessel Processes and Continuous Time Random Walks
Creators: name: Schehr, Gregory
name: Doussal, Pierre Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We use the Real Space Renormalization Group (RSRG) method to study extreme value statistics for a variety of Brownian motions, free or constrained such as the Brownian bridge, excursion, meander and reflected bridge, recovering some standard results, and extending others. We apply the same method to compute the distribution of extrema of Bessel processes. We briefly show how the continuous time random walk (CTRW) corresponds to a non standard fixed point of the RSRG transformation.
description: 24 pages, 5 figures