cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Euneomys mordax Thomas 1912
Creators: name: Musser, Guy G.
name: Carleton, Michael D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Euneomys
Euneomys mordax

description: Euneomys mordax Thomas, 1912. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 8, 10:410. TYPE LOCALITY: Argentina, Fort San Rafael; uncertain, probably not the San Rafael in Mendoza Prov. (see Pearson and Christie, 1991). DISTRIBUTION: WC Argentina and adjacent region of Chile (Santiago and Malleco Provs.); range limits unknown. SYNONYMS: noei. COMMENTS: Pearson and Christie (1991) treated noei as conspecific with E. mordax.
description: Published as part of Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 702, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098
description: {"references": ["Pearson, O. P., and M. I. Christie. 1991. Sympatric species of Euneomys (Rodentia, Cricetidae). Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment, 26: 121 - 127."]}
Isorotating Baby Skyrmions
Creators: name: Halavanau, A.
name: Shnir, Yakov
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss how internal rotation with fixed angular frequency can affect the solitons in the baby Skyrme model in which the global O(3) symmetry is broken to the SO(2). Two particular choices of the potential term are considered, the "old" potential and the "new" double vacuum potential, We do not impose any assumptions about the symmetry on the fields. Our results confirm existence of two types of instabilities determined by the relation between the mass parameter of the potential and the angular frequency.
description: 12pages, 6 figures
Collimators
Creators: name: Wronka, Slawomir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The collimator system of a particle accelerator must efficiently remove stray particles and provide protection against uncontrolled losses. In this article, the basic design concepts of collimators and some realizations are presented.
description: 5 pages, contribution to the CAS - CERN Accelerator School: Course on High Power Hadron Machines; 24 May - 2 Jun 2011, Bilbao, Spain
Euneomys petersoni J. A. Allen 1903
Creators: name: Musser, Guy G.
name: Carleton, Michael D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Euneomys
Euneomys petersoni

description: Euneomys petersoni J. A. Allen, 1903. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 19:192. TYPE LOCALITY: Argentina, Santa Cruz Prov., upper Rio Chico, near the Cordilleras. DISTRIBUTION: Extreme S Argentina and adjacent Chile, excluding Tierra del Fuego; limits uncertain. SYNONYMS: dabbenei. COMMENTS: Relegated to a subspecies of E. chinchilloides by Hershkovitz (1962) and Pearson and Christie (1991), but Osgood (1943) had noted the nearby occurrence of E. petersoni and E. chinchilloides without evidence of intergradation.
description: Published as part of Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 702, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098
description: {"references": ["Hershkovitz, P. 1962. Evolution of Neotropical cricetine rodents (Muridae) with special reference to the phyllotine group. Fieldiana: Zoology, 46: 1 - 524.", "Pearson, O. P., and M. I. Christie. 1991. Sympatric species of Euneomys (Rodentia, Cricetidae). Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment, 26: 121 - 127.", "Osgood, W. H. 1943. The mammals of Chile. Field Museum of Natural History, Zoological Series, 30: 1 - 268."]}
title: Гитлеровские преступления с признаками геноцида 1941—1944 гг. (на примере Чудовского района Ленинградской области)
Creators: name: Ковалев, Борис
name: Кулик, Сергей
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2020

description: Убийства мирных жителей около деревни Жестяная Горка в октябре 2020 г. были признаны судом геноцидом. Но на территории современной Новгородской области немало мест, где гитлеровцы и их союзники совершали не менее страшные преступления. К их числу относится Чудовский район (во время гитлеровской оккупации — Ленинградская область). Жертвами фашистов становились советские военнопленные и мирные граждане. Свои злодеяния на оккупированной территории Советского Союза гитлеровцы оправдывали не только условиями войны, боевых действий, сопротивлением нацистскому оккупационному режиму. Под это подводилась серьезная идеологическая и правовая база.
Yetter-Drinfeld modules for Hom-bialgebras
Creators: name: Makhlouf, Abdenacer
name: Panaite, Florin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The aim of this paper is to define and study Yetter-Drinfeld modules over Hom-bialgebras, a generalized version of bialgebras obtained by modifying the algebra and coalgebra structures by a homomorphism. Yetter-Drinfeld modules over a Hom-bialgebra with bijective structure map provide solutions of the Hom-Yang-Baxter equation. The category $_H^H{\mathcal YD}$ of Yetter-Drinfeld modules with bijective structure maps over a Hom-bialgebra H with bijective structure map can be organized, in two different ways, as a quasi-braided pre-tensor category. If H is quasitriangular (respectively coquasitriangular) the first (respectively second) quasi-braided pre-tensor category $_H^H{\mathcal YD}$ contains, as a quasi-braided pre-tensor subcategory, the category of modules (respectively comodules) with bijective structure maps over H.
description: 18 pages
Selection Combining over Log-Logistic Fading Channels with Applications to Underwater Optical Wireless Communications
Creators: name: Al-Badarneh, Yazan H.
name: Alshawaqfeh, Mustafa K.
name: Badarneh, Osamah S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We study the performance of a selection combining (SC) receiver operating over independent but non-identically distributed log-logistic ($\mathcal{LL})$ fading channels. We first characterize the statistics of the output instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the SC receiver. Based on the SNR statistics, we derive exact analytical expressions, in terms of multivariate Fox H-functions, for the outage probability, the average bit error rate, and the ergodic capacity. We also derive exact expressions for such performance measures when all channels are independent and identically distributed, as a special case. Furthermore, we deduce simplified asymptotic expressions for these performance metrics assuming high values of average transmit SNR. To demonstrate the applicability of our theoretical analysis, we study the performance of an SC receiver in underwater optical wireless communication systems. Finally, we confirm the correctness of the derived analytical results using Monte Carlo Simulations.
description: Accepted for publication in IEEE Wireless Communications Letters
The effect of tectonic boudinage and folding in a subducted mélange of the Alpine orogenic belt (Zermatt-Saas Zone, Italian Western Alps)
Creators: name: Guerini, S.
name: Tartarotti, P.
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3705
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Figs S1–7 and Tables S1 and S2.
All-Optical Ultrafast Valley Switching in Two-Dimensional Materials
Creators: name: Rana, Navdeep
name: Dixit, Gopal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrons in two-dimensional materials possess an additional quantum attribute, the valley pseudospin, labelled as $\mathbf{K}$ and $\mathbf{K}^{\prime}$ -- analogous to the spin up and spin down. The majority of research to achieve valley-selective excitations in valleytronics depends on resonant circularly-polarised light with a given helicity. Not only acquiring valley-selective electron excitation but also switching the excitation from one valley to another is quintessential for bringing valleytronics-based technologies in reality. Present work introduces a coherent control protocol to initiate valley-selective excitation, de-excitation, and switch the excitation from one valley to another on the fly within tens of femtoseconds -- a timescale faster than any valley decoherence time. Our protocol is equally applicable to {\it both} gapped and gapless two-dimensional materials. Monolayer graphene and molybdenum disulfide are used to test the universality. Moreover, the protocol is robust as it is insensitive to significant parameters of the protocol, such as dephasing times, wavelengths, and time delays of the laser pulses. Present work goes beyond the existing paradigm of valleytronics, and opens a new realm of valley switch at PetaHertz rate.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
title: Creating a peace education curriculum for the Montessori upper elementary classroom
Creators: name: Hartsook, Rachel H.
Publisher: name: Electronic version published by Vancouver Island University
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Peace
subject: Montessori method of education

description: Maria Montessori was an Italian physician and educator, known for developing an innovative educational philosophy that is followed around the world. Montessori believed it was children who would bring about world peace and a bettering of humanity, and that through education this would happen. This paper explores what the research says about current peace education practices around the world and outlines the importance of an inclusive and inquisitive approach to teaching peace to children. The paper explores the topic of peace education, describes the development of the upper elementary child (aged 9-12), and outlines in detail an age-appropriate peace education curriculum project in the form of a Montessori teaching manual that was created by the author for their Master of Education thesis.
title: A fluctuation in surface temperature in historical context
title: reassessment and retrospective on the evidence
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Risbey, James S.
name: Lewandowsky, Stephan
name: Cowtan, Kevin
name: Oreskes, Naomi
name: Rahmstorf, Stefan
name: Jokimäki, Ari
name: Foster, Grant
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 690 Hausbau, Bauhandwerk

description: This work reviews the literature on an alleged global warming 'pause' in global mean surface temperature (GMST) to determine how it has been defined, what time intervals are used to characterise it, what data are used to measure it, and what methods used to assess it. We test for 'pauses', both in the normally understood meaning of the term to mean no warming trend, as well as for a 'pause' defined as a substantially slower trend in GMST. The tests are carried out with the historical versions of GMST that existed for each pause-interval tested, and with current versions of each of the GMST datasets. The tests are conducted following the common (but questionable) practice of breaking the linear fit at the start of the trend interval ('broken' trends), and also with trends that are continuous with the data bordering the trend interval. We also compare results when appropriate allowance is made for the selection bias problem. The results show that there is little or no statistical evidence for a lack of trend or slower trend in GMST using either the historical data or the current data. The perception that there was a 'pause' in GMST was bolstered by earlier biases in the data in combination with incomplete statistical testing.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe; 1023
Spectral Regularisation: Induced Gravity and the Onset of Inflation
Creators: name: Kurkov, Max A.
name: Sakellariadou, Mairi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using spectral regularisation, we compute the Weyl anomaly and express the anomaly generating functional of the quantum effective action through a collective scalar degree of freedom of all quantum vacuum fluctuations. Such a formulation allows us to describe induced gravity on an equal footing with the anomaly-induced effective action, in a self-consistent way. We then show that requiring stability of the cosmological constant under loop quantum corrections, Sakharov's induced gravity and Starobinsky's anomaly-induced inflation are either both present or both absent, depending on the particle content of the theory.
description: 23 pages, 1 figure Slightly amended file to match published version
New Concept for a Neutron Electric Dipole Moment Search using a Pulsed Beam
Creators: name: Piegsa, F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A concept to search for a neutron electric dipole moment (nEDM) is presented, which employs a pulsed neutron beam instead of the nowadays established use of storable ultracold neutrons (UCN). The technique takes advantage of the high peak flux and the time structure of a next-generation pulsed spallation source like the planned European Spallation Source. It is demonstrated that the sensitivity for a nEDM can be improved by several orders of magnitude compared to the best beam experiments performed in the 1970's and can compete with the sensitivity of UCN experiments.
Reliability and fault tolerance in the European ADS project
Creators: name: Biarrotte, Jean-Luc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After an introduction to the theory of reliability, this paper focuses on a description of the linear proton accelerator proposed for the European ADS demonstration project. Design issues are discussed and examples of cases of fault tolerance are given.
description: 14 pages, contribution to the CAS - CERN Accelerator School: Course on High Power Hadron Machines; 24 May - 2 Jun 2011, Bilbao, Spain
Local Boosting for Weakly-Supervised Learning
Creators: name: Zhang, Rongzhi
name: Yu, Yue
name: Shen, Jiaming
name: Cui, Xiquan
name: Zhang, Chao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Boosting is a commonly used technique to enhance the performance of a set of base models by combining them into a strong ensemble model. Though widely adopted, boosting is typically used in supervised learning where the data is labeled accurately. However, in weakly supervised learning, where most of the data is labeled through weak and noisy sources, it remains nontrivial to design effective boosting approaches. In this work, we show that the standard implementation of the convex combination of base learners can hardly work due to the presence of noisy labels. Instead, we propose $\textit{LocalBoost}$, a novel framework for weakly-supervised boosting. LocalBoost iteratively boosts the ensemble model from two dimensions, i.e., intra-source and inter-source. The intra-source boosting introduces locality to the base learners and enables each base learner to focus on a particular feature regime by training new base learners on granularity-varying error regions. For the inter-source boosting, we leverage a conditional function to indicate the weak source where the sample is more likely to appear. To account for the weak labels, we further design an estimate-then-modify approach to compute the model weights. Experiments on seven datasets show that our method significantly outperforms vanilla boosting methods and other weakly-supervised methods.
description: Accepted by KDD 2023 Research Track
Braneworld solutions for F(R) models with non-constant curvature
Creators: name: Bazeia, D.
name: Lobao, A. S.
name: Menezes, R.
name: Petrov, A. Yu.
name: da Silva, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work deal with braneworld scenarios with generalized gravity. We investigate models where the potential of the scalar field is polynomial or nonpolynomial. We obtain exact and approximated solutions for the scalar field, warp factor and energy density, in the complex scenario with no restriction on the scalar curvature. In particular, we describe the case where the brane may split, engendering internal structure, with the splitting caused by the same parameter that controls deviation from standard gravity.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures; new version
Galenomys Thomas 1916
Creators: name: Musser, Guy G.
name: Carleton, Michael D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Galenomys

description: Galenomys Thomas, 1916. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 8, 17:143. TYPE SPECIES: Phyllotis garleppi Thomas, 1898. COMMENTS: Phyllotine. Named as a subgenus of Euneomys, later elevated to genus (Thomas, 1926«), and reassociated as a subgenus of Phyllotis (Ellerman, 1941; Osgood, 1947). Revised by Hershkovitz (1962), who considered Galenomys a distinct genus, as did Pearson (1958).
description: Published as part of Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 702, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098
description: {"references": ["Ellerman, J. R. 1941. The families and genera of living rodents. Vol. II. Family Muridae. British Museum (Natural History), London, 690 pp.", "Osgood, W. H. 1947. Cricetine rodents allied to Phyllotis. Journal of Mammalogy, 28: 165 - 174.", "Hershkovitz, P. 1962. Evolution of Neotropical cricetine rodents (Muridae) with special reference to the phyllotine group. Fieldiana: Zoology, 46: 1 - 524.", "Pearson, O. P. 1958. A taxonomic revision of the rodent genus Phyllotis. University of California Publications in Zoology, 56: 391 - 496."]}
Finite frequency external cloaking with complementary bianisotropic media
Creators: name: Liu, Yan
name: Gralak, Boris
name: McPhedran, Ross. C.
name: Guenneau, Sebastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the twofold functionality of a cylindrical shell consisting of a negatively refracting heterogeneous bianisotropic (NRHB) medium deduced from geometric transforms. The numerical simulations indicate that the shell enhances their scattering by a perfect electric conducting (PEC) core, whereas it considerably reduces the scattering of electromagnetic waves by closely located dipoles when the shell surrounds a bianisotropic core. The former can be attributed to a homeopathic effect, whereby a small PEC object scatters like a large one as confirmed by numerics, while the latter can be attributed to space cancelation of complementary bianisotropic media underpinning anomalous resonances counteracting the field emitted by small objects (external cloaking). Space cancellation is further used to cloak a NRHB finite size object located nearby a slab of NRHB with a hole of same shape and opposite refracting index. Such a finite frequency external cloaking is also achieved with a NRHB cylindrical lens. Finally, we investigate an ostrich effect whereby the scattering of NRHB slab and cylindrical lenses with simplified parameters hide the presence of dipoles in the quasi-static limit.
description: 16 pages, 15 figures
Study of methods to assess the risk of damage for buried offshore power cables
Creators: name: Junagade, Mrunmay
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Submarine cables
Cable burial
Wind farm

description: The motivation behind this study is to adapt the Carbon Trust’s Cable Burial Risk Assessment Methodology (CBRA) to the Outer Continental Shelf of the U.S. waters. The objectives of this study are: 1) develop data processing methodology to characterize shipping population activity over time to assess chance that a vessel drags an anchor across a cable alignment 2) conduct literature review to identify and evaluate models to predict depth of penetration of ship anchor drags and 3) conduct literature review to identify models for changes in burial depth over time due to seabed mobility. A data processing methodology based on Automatic Identification System (AIS) database was developed to filter and process shipping vessels database that provides data points for transiting and moored vessels. This processed shipping vessel database was then used with an anchor penetration model developed from compiled literature on anchor penetration prediction models to carry out an illustrative example for the export cable of Coastal Virginia Offshore Wind Project’s export cable for both transiting and moored vessels. The main conclusions of the study are: 1) the missing input parameters in the database should be obtained from sources other than AIS in order for dataset to be useful 2) in the illustrative example, the data for the export cable indicates that the two mile section of the cable falls within vessel fairways and is most susceptible to risk from transiting vessels 3) in the illustrative example, the restriction on mooring after construction of the cable resulted in about 92% reduction of vessel moorings within one mile of the cable 4) for sands, common anchor penetration models tend to be conservative and this needs to be accounted in the risk assessment methodology 5) in the illustrated example, when the variability in anchor prediction model is considered, the probability of anchor strikes is lesser than what the CBRA methodology estimates and the overestimation of risk from the CBRA increases with burial depth. 6) risk from both – transiting vessels and vessels unmoored during hurricane need to be considered 7) sediment mobility is a very complex issue and there is lack of reliable models to predict changes in seabed levels and quantify their impact on buried cables. Based on the findings, there is need for more field data on anchor penetration depths for development of anchor penetration models based on different anchor types and seabed soil conditions
Galenomys garleppi
Creators: name: Musser, Guy G.
name: Carleton, Michael D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Galenomys
Galenomys garleppi

description: Galenomys garleppi (Thomas, 1898). Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, 1:279. TYPE LOCALITY: Bolivia, La Paz Dept., Esperanza, northeast of Mount Sajama, 4140 m. DISTRIBUTION: Altipiano of S Peru, N Chile, and adjacent Bolivia.
description: Published as part of Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 702, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098
title: Pragmatic inclusion for a democratic society: William James' social ethics and the justification of basic income
Creators: name: Little, Nathan
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2019

description: he most influential and dominant philosophical justification for basic income is Philippe Van Parijs’ “real freedom for all,” a classical-liberal argument premised on individual freedom. My thesis identifies and critiques problems in “real freedom for all,” namely its abstract ideological foundation, limited conception of the self, and narrow understanding of valuable activity. As a superior justification of basic income, I propose William James’ social ethics: it uses listening, experimentation, and revision as foundations for ethics; it acknowledges the personal, social, and cultural forces in selfhood; and it recognizes that all activity is valuable in the creation and maintenance of cultural norms and habits. I argue that the best justification for basic income is “pragmatic inclusion for an ethical democracy,” in which basic income is an example of pragmatic inclusion that creates the conditions for an ethical democracy, wherein everyone has access to the decision-making processes that form a culture.
Big Tech's Tightening Grip on Internet Speech
Creators: name: Dickinson, Gregory M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Online platforms have completely transformed American social life. They have democratized publication, overthrown old gatekeepers, and given ordinary Americans a fresh voice in politics. But the system is beginning to falter. Control over online speech lies in the hands of a select few -- Facebook, Google, and Twitter -- who moderate content for the entire nation. It is an impossible task. Americans cannot even agree among themselves what speech should be permitted. And, more importantly, platforms have their own interests at stake: Fringe theories and ugly name-calling drive away users. Moderation is good for business. But platform beautification has consequences for society's unpopular members, whose unsightly voices are silenced in the process. With control over online speech so centralized, online outcasts are left with few avenues for expression. Concentrated private control over important resources is an old problem. Last century, for example, saw the rise of railroads and telephone networks. To ensure access, such entities are treated as common carriers and required to provide equal service to all comers. Perhaps the same should be true for social media. This Essay responds to recent calls from Congress, the Supreme Court, and academia arguing that, like common carriers, online platforms should be required to carry all lawful content. The Essay studies users' and platforms' competing expressive interests, analyzes problematic trends in platforms' censorship practices, and explores the costs of common-carrier regulation before ultimately proposing market expansion and segmentation as an alternate pathway to avoid the economic and social costs of common-carrier regulation.
Toward Textual Internet Immunity
Creators: name: Dickinson, Gregory M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Internet immunity doctrine is broken. Under Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act of 1996, online entities are absolutely immune from lawsuits related to content authored by third parties. The law has been essential to the internet's development over the last twenty years, but it has not kept pace with the times and is now deeply flawed. Democrats demand accountability for online misinformation. Republicans decry politically motivated censorship. And Congress, President Biden, the Department of Justice, and the Federal Communications Commission all have their own plans for reform. Absent from the fray, however -- until now -- has been the Supreme Court, which has never issued a decision interpreting Section 230. That appears poised to change, however, following Justice Thomas's statement in Malwarebytes v. Enigma in which he urges the Court to prune back decades of lower-court precedent to craft a more limited immunity doctrine. This Essay discusses how courts' zealous enforcement of the early internet's free-information ethos gave birth to an expansive immunity doctrine, warns of potential pitfalls to reform, and explores what a narrower, text-focused doctrine might mean for the tech industry.
Rebooting Internet Immunity
Creators: name: Dickinson, Gregory M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We do everything online. We shop, travel, invest, socialize, and even hold garage sales. Even though we may not care whether a company operates online or in the physical world, however, the question has dramatic consequences for the companies themselves. Online and offline entities are governed by different rules. Under Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act, online entities -- but not physical-world entities -- are immune from lawsuits related to content authored by their users or customers. As a result, online entities have been able to avoid claims for harms caused by their negligence and defective product designs simply because they operate online. The reason for the disparate treatment is the internet's dramatic evolution over the last two decades. The internet of 1996 served as an information repository and communications channel and was well governed by Section 230, which treats internet entities as another form of mass media: Because Facebook, Twitter and other online companies could not possibly review the mass of content that flows through their systems, Section 230 immunizes them from claims related to user content. But content distribution is not the internet's only function, and it is even less so now than it was in 1996. The internet also operates as a platform for the delivery of real-world goods and services and requires a correspondingly diverse immunity doctrine. This Article proposes refining online immunity by limiting it to claims that threaten to impose a content-moderation burden on internet defendants. Where a claim is preventable other than by content moderation -- for example, by redesigning an app or website -- a plaintiff could freely seek relief, just as in the physical world. This approach empowers courts to identify culpable actors in the virtual world and treat like conduct alike wherever it occurs.
Single-Stage 3D Geometry-Preserving Depth Estimation Model Training on Dataset Mixtures with Uncalibrated Stereo Data
Creators: name: Patakin, Nikolay
name: Romanov, Mikhail
name: Vorontsova, Anna
name: Artemyev, Mikhail
name: Konushin, Anton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Nowadays, robotics, AR, and 3D modeling applications attract considerable attention to single-view depth estimation (SVDE) as it allows estimating scene geometry from a single RGB image. Recent works have demonstrated that the accuracy of an SVDE method hugely depends on the diversity and volume of the training data. However, RGB-D datasets obtained via depth capturing or 3D reconstruction are typically small, synthetic datasets are not photorealistic enough, and all these datasets lack diversity. The large-scale and diverse data can be sourced from stereo images or stereo videos from the web. Typically being uncalibrated, stereo data provides disparities up to unknown shift (geometrically incomplete data), so stereo-trained SVDE methods cannot recover 3D geometry. It was recently shown that the distorted point clouds obtained with a stereo-trained SVDE method can be corrected with additional point cloud modules (PCM) separately trained on the geometrically complete data. On the contrary, we propose GP$^{2}$, General-Purpose and Geometry-Preserving training scheme, and show that conventional SVDE models can learn correct shifts themselves without any post-processing, benefiting from using stereo data even in the geometry-preserving setting. Through experiments on different dataset mixtures, we prove that GP$^{2}$-trained models outperform methods relying on PCM in both accuracy and speed, and report the state-of-the-art results in the general-purpose geometry-preserving SVDE. Moreover, we show that SVDE models can learn to predict geometrically correct depth even when geometrically complete data comprises the minor part of the training set.
Holonomies of gauge fields in twistor space 6: incorporation of massive fermions
Creators: name: Abe, Yasuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following the previous paper arXiv:1205.4827, we formulate an S-matrix functional for massive fermion ultra-helicity-violating (UHV) amplitudes, i.e., scattering amplitudes of positive-helicity gluons and a pair of massive fermions. The S-matrix functional realizes a massive extension of the Cachazo-Svrcek-Witten (CSW) rules in a functional language. Mass-dimension analysis implies that interactions among gluons and massive fermions should be decomposed into three-point massive fermion subamplitudes. Namely, such interactions are represented by combinations of three-point UHV and next-to-UHV (NUHV) vertices. This feature is qualitatively different from the massive scalar amplitudes where the number of involving gluons can be arbitrary.
description: 24 pages; v2. references added; v3. supplemental paragraph inserted below (3.42), typos corrected, published version
Monopoles without magnetic charges: Finite energy monopole-antimonopole configurations in CP1 model and restricted QCD
Creators: name: Zou, L. P.
name: Zhang, P. M.
name: Pak, D. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new type of regular monopole-like field configuration in quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and CP^1 model. The monopole configuration can be treated as a monopole-antimonopole pair without localized magnetic charges. An exact numeric solution for a simple monopole-antimonopole solution has been obtained in CP^1 model with an appropriate potential term. We suppose that similar monopole solutions may exist in effective theories of QCD and in the electroweak standard model.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, 1 table, final version accepted by Phys. Lett. B
title: Сапоги с сандальным швом в материалах усадьбы «Б» Пятницкого раскопа в Старой Руссе
Creators: name: Колосницына, Екатерина
name: Колосницын, Павел
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2020

description: На усадьбе «Б» Пятницкого раскопа в Старой Руссе благодаря насыщенности слоя находками и применяемой методике собрана большая коллекция предметов из кожи (более 7 300 единиц). Детали кожаных сапог — самая частая находка в слоях XIII—XV вв. По конструктивным особенностям выделяется несколько видов сапог. В статье излагаются результаты исследования одного из них. Сапоги жёсткой конструкции с сандальным швом соединения верха с подошвой, которые появляются в конце XIII в., наиболее широкое распространение получают во второй половине XIV в. и выходят из обращения после 1430-х гг. Большое количество находок (929 комплектов и отдельных деталей) и сохранность органических материалов позволили уточнить особенности конструкции и проследить её изменение с течением времени.
title: Short contribution on adaptive behaviour of flood-prone companies
title: a pilot study of Dresden-Laubegast, Germany
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Jehmlich, Caroline
name: Hudson, Paul
name: Thieken, Annegret H.
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 550 Geowissenschaften

description: Integrated flood management strategies consider property-level precautionary measures as a vital part. Whereas this is a well-researched topic for residents, little is known about the adaptive behaviour of flood-prone companies although they often settle on the ground floor of buildings and are thus among the first affected by flooding. This pilot study analyses flood responses of 64 businesses in a district of the city of Dresden, Germany that experienced major flooding in 2002 and 2013. Using standardised survey data and accompanying qualitative interviews, the analyses revealed that the largest driver of adaptive behaviour is experiencing flood events. Intangible factors such as tradition and a sense of community play a role for the decision to stay in the area, while lacking ownership might hamper property-level adaptation. Further research is also needed to understand the role of insurance and governmental aid for recovery and adaptation of businesses.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe; 1024
Joule-Thomson expansion and Optical behaviour of Reissner-Nordström-Anti-de Sitter black holes in Rastall gravity surrounded by a Quintessence field
Creators: name: Gogoi, Dhruba Jyoti
name: Sekhmani, Yassine
name: Kalita, Digbijay
name: Gogoi, Naba Jyoti
name: Bora, Jyatsnasree
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper deals with the thermodynamics, Joule-Thomson expansion and optical behaviour of a Reissner-Nordström-anti-de Sitter black hole in Rastall gravity surrounded by a quintessence field. The black hole solution obtained in this framework is different from a corresponding black hole in General Relativity. The black hole metric function, as well as the Hawking temperature, is affected by the presence of energy-momentum conservation violation. The presence of energy-momentum conservation violation also affects the isenthalpic and inversion temperature curves, and with an increase in the Rastall parameter, the inversion temperature rises slowly. The impacts of other parameters, such as charge, structural constant etc., are investigated and compared. The black hole shadow, as well as the energy emission rate of the black hole, decreases with an increase in the Rastall parameter. Hence, the black holes evaporate slowly in presence of energy-momentum conservation violation.
description: 13 pages, 14 figures, published version
Microwave and EUV Observations of an Erupting Filament and Associated Flare and CME
Creators: name: Alissandrakis, C. E.
name: Kochanov, A. A.
name: Patsourakos, S.
name: Altyntsev, A. T.
name: Lesovoi, S. V.
name: Lesovoya, N. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A filament eruption was observed with the Siberian Solar Radio Telescope (SSRT) on June 23 2012, starting around 06:40 UT, beyond the West limb. The filament could be followed in SSRT images to heights above 1 Rs, and coincided with the core of the CME, seen in LASCO C2 images. We discuss briefly the dynamics of the eruption: the top of the filament showed a smooth acceleration up to an apparent velocity of 1100 km/s. Images behind the limb from STEREO-A show a two ribbon flare and the interaction of the main filament, located along the primary neutral line, with an arch-like structure, oriented in the perpendicular direction. The interaction was accompanied by strong emission and twisting motions. The microwave images show a low temperature component, a high temperature component associated with the interaction of the two filaments and another high temperature component apparently associated with the top of flare loops. We computed the differential emission measure from the high temperature AIA bands and from this the expected microwave brightness temperature; for the emission associated with the top of flare loops the computed brightness was 35% lower than the observed.
description: PASJ, in press (Oct 2013)
Geoxus Thomas 1919
Creators: name: Musser, Guy G.
name: Carleton, Michael D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Geoxus

description: Geoxus Thomas, 1919. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 9, 3:207. TYPE SPECIES: Oxymycterus valdivianus Philippi, 1858. COMMENTS: Akodontine. Revised by Osgood (1925, 1943) as part of Notiomys — see remarks under Chelemys.
description: Published as part of Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 702, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098
description: {"references": ["Osgood, W. H. 1925. The long-clawed South American rodents of the genus Notiomys. Field Museum of Natural History, Zoological Series, 12: 113 - 125.", "Osgood, W. H. 1943. The mammals of Chile. Field Museum of Natural History, Zoological Series, 30: 1 - 268."]}
title: A liaison’s role in implementing an open access policy on campus
title: El papel de un bibliotecario-enlace con la implementación de una política de acceso abierto en el campus universitario (español)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: O papel de um bibliotecário-intermediário com a implementação de uma política de acesso aberto no campus (português)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Maxson, Bronwen K.
Publisher: name: IUPUI University Library
Year: 2015

description: As a new subject liaison librarian, I arrived at IUPUI in the fall when our “Harvard-model” Open Access (OA) policy was passed. Our institutional repository, ScholarWorks, has existed for several years, but now the opt-out policy requires faculty authors to deposit copies of their manuscripts for scholarly articles that were published on or after Oct. 7, 2014. Liaison librarians are contributing to this process through usability testing for a new submission portal for articles, educating faculty about our repository and policy, preparing and uploading manuscripts and contacting publishers for permissions to disseminate work. I will talk about the confusion, questions, and support this change has generated on campus. I will also speak about the impact on my faculty members in terms of receiving personal recognition, inquiries and collaboration requests, and numbers of downloads. I am an advocate for open access and I have shared my own work through the repository.
Identifying and correcting interferences to PTR-ToF-MS measurements of isoprene and other urban volatile organic compounds
Creators: name: Coggon, Matthew M.
name: Stockwell, Chelsea E.
name: Claflin, Megan S.
name: Pfannerstill, Eva Y.
name: Lu, Xu
name: Gilman, Jessica B.
name: Marcantonio, Julia
name: Cao, Cong
name: Bates, Kelvin
name: Gkatzelis, Georgios
name: Lamplugh, Aaron
name: Katz, Erin F.
name: Arata, Caleb
name: Apel, Eric C.
name: Hornbrook, Rebecca S.
name: Piel, Felix
name: Majluf, Francesca
name: Blake, Donald R.
name: Wisthaler, Armin
name: Canagaratna, Manjula
name: Lerner, Brian M.
name: Goldstein, Allen H.
name: Mak, John E.
name: Warneke, Carsten
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2023

description: doi:10.5194/egusphere-2023-1497
Evaluating the effectiveness of large language models in abstract screening: a comparative analysis
Creators: name: Tan, Xianming
name: Li, Michael
name: Sun, Jianping
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2024

description:
Objective This study aimed to evaluate the performance of large language models (LLMs) in the task of abstract screening in systematic review and meta-analysis studies, exploring their effectiveness, efficiency, and potential integration into existing human expert-based workflows. Methods We developed automation scripts in Python to interact with the APIs of several LLM tools, including ChatGPT v4.0, ChatGPT v3.5, Google PaLM 2, and Meta Llama 2, and latest tools including ChatGPT v4.0 turbo, ChatGPT v3.5 turbo, Google Gemini 1.0 pro, Meta Llama 3, and Claude 3. This study focused on three databases of abstracts and used them as benchmarks to evaluate the performance of these LLM tools in terms of sensitivity, specificity, and overall accuracy. The results of the LLM tools were compared to human-curated inclusion decisions, gold standard for systematic review and meta-analysis studies. Results Different LLM tools had varying abilities in abstract screening. Chat GPT v4.0 demonstrated remarkable performance, with balanced sensitivity and specificity, and overall accuracy consistently reaching or exceeding 90%, indicating a high potential for LLMs in abstract screening tasks. The study found that LLMs could provide reliable results with minimal human effort and thus serve as a cost-effective and efficient alternative to traditional abstract screening methods. Conclusion While LLM tools are not yet ready to completely replace human experts in abstract screening, they show great promise in revolutionizing the process. They can serve as autonomous AI reviewers, contribute to collaborative workflows with human experts, and integrate with hybrid approaches to develop custom tools for increased efficiency. As technology continues to advance, LLMs are poised to play an increasingly important role in abstract screening, reshaping the workflow of systematic review and meta-analysis studies.
Geoxus valdivianus
Creators: name: Musser, Guy G.
name: Carleton, Michael D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Geoxus
Geoxus valdivianus

description: Geoxus valdivianus (Philippi, 1858). Arch. Naturgesch., 24(1):303. TYPE LOCALITY: Chile, Valdivia Prov. DISTRIBUTION: C and S Chile, including Mocha and Chiloe islands, to Straits of Magellan, and S Argentina (Neuquen Prov. to Chubut). SYNONYMS: araucanus, bicolor, bullocki, chiloensis, fossor, michaelseni, microtis. COMMENTS: Pearson (1984) noted that the generic association and specific status of michaelseni, arranged by Osgood (1943) as a subspecies, are uncertain.
description: Published as part of Guy G. Musser & Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 702, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098
description: {"references": ["Pearson, O. P. 1984. Taxonomy and natural history of some fossorial rodents of Patagonia, southern Argentina. Journal of Zoology, London, 202: 225 - 237.", "Osgood, W. H. 1943. The mammals of Chile. Field Museum of Natural History, Zoological Series, 30: 1 - 268."]}