cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
[Brev til DKNVS]
Creators: name: Simonsen, Carl Ludvig
name: Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskab (DKNVS)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1861

description: Oversender konservatorens Indberetning for 1860. Spør om dubletter av zoologiske preparater i København kan sendes til Trondheim
A Graph Theoretic Approach to Power System Vulnerability Identification
Creators: name: Biswas, Reetam Sen
name: Pal, Anamitra
name: Werho, Trevor
name: Vittal, Vijay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: During major power system disturbances, when multiple component outages occur in rapid succession, it becomes crucial to quickly identify the transmission interconnections that have limited power transfer capability. Understanding the impact of an outage on these critical interconnections (called saturated cut-sets) is important for enhancing situational awareness and taking correct actions. This paper proposes a new graph theoretic approach for analyzing whether a contingency will create a saturated cut-set in a meshed power network. A novel feature of the proposed algorithm is that it lowers the solution time significantly making the approach viable for real-time operations. It also indicates the minimum amount by which the power transfer through the critical interconnections should be reduced so that post-contingency saturation does not occur. Robustness of the proposed algorithm for enhanced situational awareness is demonstrated using the IEEE-118 bus system as well as a 17,000+ bus model of the Western Interconnection (WI). Comparisons made with different approaches for power system vulnerability assessment prove the utility of the proposed scheme for aiding power system operations during extreme exigencies.
description: Accepted in IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
The Effect of Pollution Permit Allocations on Firm-Level Emissions
Creators: name: Fowlie, Meredith
name: Perloff, Jeffrey M.
name: Fowlie, Meredith
name: Perloff, Jeffrey M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: emissions trading
subject: transaction costs

description: According to the Coase theorem, if property rights to pollute are clearly established and emissions markets nearly eliminate transaction costs, the market equilibrium will be independent of how the permits are initially allocated across firms. Using panel data from Southern California's RECLAIM program, we find that initial allocations are a statistically significant determinant of firm-level emissions. This relationship between allocation and emissions is stronger among firms with relatively high transaction costs. Thus, care must be exercised in the initial allocation of permits to ensure efficiency.
Neue Entwicklungen im Verhältnis der Orthodoxen Kirchen zur Ökumenischen Bewegung
Creators: name: Schaeder, Hildegard
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 4 Nr. 2 (1955): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 4, Heft 2
An anomaly of non-locality
Creators: name: Methot, A. A.
name: Scarani, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ever since the work of Bell, it has been known that entangled quantum states can rise non-local correlations. However, for almost forty years, it has been assumed that the most non-local states would be the maximally entangled ones. Surprisingly it is not the case: non-maximally entangled states are generally more non-local than maximally entangled states for all the measures of non-locality proposed to date: Bell inequalities, the Kullback-Leibler distance, entanglement simulation with communication or with non-local boxes, the detection loophole and efficiency of cryptography. In fact, one can even find simple examples in low dimensions, confirming that it is not an artefact of a specifically constructed Hilbert space or topology. This anomaly shows that entanglement and non-locality are not only different concepts, but also truly different resources. We review the present knowledge on this anomaly, point out that Hardy's theorem has the same feature, and discuss the perspectives opened by these discoveries.
description: 15 pages, no figures
Coherence and superconductivity in coupled one-dimensional chains: a case study of YBa$_{2}$Cu$_{3}$O$_{y}$
Creators: name: Lee, Y. S.
name: Segawa, Kouji
name: Ando, Yoichi
name: Basov, D. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the infrared (IR) response of Cu-O chains in the high-$T_{c}$ superconductor YBa$_{2}$Cu$_{3}$O$_{y}$ over the doping range spanning $% y=6.28-6.75$. We find evidence for a power law scaling at mid-IR frequencies consistent with predictions for Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid, thus supporting the notion of one-dimensional transport in the chains. We analyze the role of coupling to the CuO$_{2}$ planes in establishing metallicity and superconductivity in disordered chain fragments.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Some complete $ω$-powers of a one-counter language, for any Borel class of finite rank
Creators: name: Finkel, Olivier
name: Lecomte, Dominique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We prove that, for any natural number n $\ge$ 1, we can find a finite alphabet $Σ$ and a finitary language L over $Σ$ accepted by a one-counter automaton, such that the $ω$-power L $\infty$ := {w 0 w 1. .. $\in$ $Σ$ $ω$ | $\forall$i $\in$ $ω$ w i $\in$ L} is $Π$ 0 n-complete. We prove a similar result for the class $Σ$ 0 n .
Statistical-mechanical iterative algorithms on complex networks
Creators: name: Ohkubo, Jun
name: Yasuda, Muneki
name: Tanaka, Kazuyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Ising models have been applied for various problems on information sciences, social sciences, and so on. In many cases, solving these problems corresponds to minimizing the Bethe free energy. To minimize the Bethe free energy, a statistical-mechanical iterative algorithm is often used. We study the statistical-mechanical iterative algorithm on complex networks. To investigate effects of heterogeneous structures on the iterative algorithm, we introduce an iterative algorithm based on information of heterogeneity of complex networks, in which higher-degree nodes are likely to be updated more frequently than lower-degree ones. Numerical experiments clarified that the usage of the information of heterogeneity affects the algorithm in BA networks, but does not influence that in ER networks. It is revealed that information of the whole system propagates rapidly through such high-degree nodes in the case of Barab{á}si-Albert's scale-free networks.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Signatures of a Flavor Changing $Z'$ Boson in $B_q \to γZ'$
Creators: name: Chen, Shao-Long
name: Banik, Amit Dutta
name: Kang, Zhaofeng
name: Qin, Qin
name: Shigekami, Yoshihiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rare $B$ meson decays offer an opportunity to probe a light hidden $Z'$ boson. In this work we explore a new channel $B_q \to γZ'$ ($q = d, s$) followed by a cascade decay of $Z'$ into an invisible (neutrino or dark matter) or charged lepton pair $\ell^+ \ell^-$ ($\ell=e ,μ)$. The study is based on a simplified effective model where the down quark sector has tiny flavor-changing neutral current couplings with $Z'$. For the first time, we calculate ${\rm BR}(B_q \to γZ')$ at the leading power of $1/m_b$ and $1/E_γ$. Confronting with the strong constraints from semi-invisible decays of $B$ meson, we find that the branching ratio for $B_d \to {\rm invisible} + γ$ can be larger than its Standard Model prediction, leaving a large room for new physics, in particular for light dark matter. Additionally, the branching ratio for $B_d \to e^+ e^- γ$ can also be sizable when the corresponding flavor violating $Z'$ coupling to quarks is of the axial-vector type. On the other hand, the predicted branching ratios of $B_d \to μ^+ μ^- γ$ and $B_s \to \ell^+ \ell^- γ$ are severely constrained by the experimental measurements.
description: 23 pages, 14 figures
Exactly solvable non-Hermitian Jaynes-Cummings-type Hamiltonian admitting entirely real spectra from supersymmetry
Creators: name: Ghosh, Pijush K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that for a given Hermitian Hamiltonian possessing supersymmetry, there is alwayas a non-hermitian Jaynes-Cummings-type Hamiltonian(JCTH) admitting entirely real spectra. The parent supersymmetric Hamiltonian and the corresponding non-hermitian JCTH are simultaneously diagonalizable. The exact eigenstates of these non-hermitian Hamiltonians are constructed algebraically for certain shape-invariant potentials, including a non-hermitian version of the standard Jaynes-Cummings model for which the parent supersymmetric Hamiltonian is the superoscillator. The positive-definite metric operator in the Hilbert space is constructed explicitly along with the introduction of a new inner product structure, so that the eigenstates form a complete set of orthonormal vectors and the time-evolution is unitary.
description: 10 pages (v1); 18 pages, expanded version with several new results (v2); minor cosmetic changes, to appear in J. Phys. A: Math. & Gen
Additional file 1 of The efficacy of ball blankets on insomnia in depression in outpatient clinics: study protocol for a randomized crossover multicentre trial
Creators: name: Kristiansen, Sanne Toft
name: Videbech, Poul
name: Bjerrum, Merete Bender
name: Larsen, Erik Roj
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1. SPIRIT 2013 Checklist: Recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents.
Open heavy flavor production from light ion collisions at RHIC
Creators: name: Kwon, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: PHENIX measures leptons at mid and forward rapidities and extracts leptons resulting from semi-leptonic decays of heavy quarks. We present PHENIX results related to heavy quark production, specifically the invariant cross section of the non-photonic single electrons produced at midrapidity in p+p and d+Au collisions at sqrt(sNN) = 200 GeV. The measured cross section for {\it p+p} collisions is compared with the NLO prediction, and a possible excess over the prediction is noted. The measured cross section for {\it d+Au} collisions scales with the number of colliding nucleon pairs from the {\it p+p} spectra.
description: Proceeding for the 21st Winter Workshop on Nuclear Dynamics
3 kW passive-gain-enabled metalized Raman fiber amplifier based on passive gain
Creators: name: Chen, Yizhu
name: Yao, Tianfu
name: Xiao, Hu
name: Leng, Jinyong
name: Zhou, Pu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Raman fiber lasers (RFLs) are currently promising and versatile light sources for a variety of applications. So far, operations of high power and brightness-enhanced RFLs have absorbed enormous interests along with rapid progress. Nevertheless, the stable Raman lasing at high power levels remains challenged by the thermal effects. In an effort to realize more effective thermal management in high power RFLs, here we demonstrate, for the first time, an all-fiberized RFA employing metal-coated passive fiber enabling high power lasing. By employing aluminum to the cladding of graded-index (GRIN) passive fiber, the thermal abstraction of the laser devices is more sufficient to support low-temperature operation. The maximum output power reaches 3.083 kW at 1130 nm with a conversion efficiency of 78.7%. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first Raman laser generation based on metal-coated passive fiber. Meanwhile, it is also the highest power attained in the fields of all kinds of Raman lasers based on merely nonlinear gain.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
[Brev til DKNVS]
Creators: name: Königliche Physikalisch-Oekonomische Gesellschaft, Köningsberg
name: Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskab (DKNVS)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1861

description: Oversender noen publikasjoner og ønsker å opprette bytteforbindelse med VS
IMPORTANCE OF DIRECT MARKETS FOR CONSUMERS IN THEIR FRESH VEGETABLE AND FRUIT PURCHASES
Creators: name: Ladzinski, Kathleen M.
name: Toensmeyer, Ulrich C.
name: Ladzinski, Kathleen M.
name: Toensmeyer, Ulrich C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1983
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Authors investigate the role of direct markets in the distribution system for fresh vegetables and fruits.
Narrow-escape time and sorting of active particles in circular domains
Creators: name: Paoluzzi, Matteo
name: Angelani, Luca
name: Puglisi, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is now well established that microswimmers can be sorted or segregated fabricating suitable microfluidic devices or using external fields. A natural question is how these techniques can be employed for dividing swimmers of different motility. In this paper, using numerical simulations in the dilute limit, we investigate how motility parameters (time of persistence and velocity) impacts the narrow-escape time of active particles from circular domains. We show that the escape time undergoes a crossover between two asymptotic regimes. The control parameters of the crossover is the ratio between persistence length of the active motion and the typical length scale of the circular domain. We explore the possibility of taking advantage of this finding for sorting active particles by motility parameters.
Combining decision procedures for the reals
Creators: name: Avigad, Jeremy
name: Friedman, Harvey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.1; I.2.3

description: We address the general problem of determining the validity of boolean combinations of equalities and inequalities between real-valued expressions. In particular, we consider methods of establishing such assertions using only restricted forms of distributivity. At the same time, we explore ways in which "local" decision or heuristic procedures for fragments of the theory of the reals can be amalgamated into global ones. Let Tadd[Q] be the first-order theory of the real numbers in the language of ordered groups, with negation, a constant 1, and function symbols for multiplication by rational constants. Let Tmult[Q] be the analogous theory for the multiplicative structure, and let T[Q] be the union of the two. We show that although T[Q] is undecidable, the universal fragment of T[Q] is decidable. We also show that terms of T[Q]can fruitfully be put in a normal form. We prove analogous results for theories in which Q is replaced, more generally, by suitable subfields F of the reals. Finally, we consider practical methods of establishing quantifier-free validities that approximate our (impractical) decidability results.
description: Will appear in Logical Methods in Computer Science
Felix Prinz; Gemalte Skulpturenretabel. Zur Intermedialität mitteleuropäischer Tafelmalerei des 15. Jahrhunderts
Creators: name: Hindriks, Sandra
Publisher: name: Journal für Kunstgeschichte
Year: 2024

description: Rezension zu: Felix Prinz; Gemalte Skulpturenretabel. Zur Intermedialität mitteleuropäischer Tafelmalerei des 15. Jahrhunderts; Berlin/Boston: De Gruyter 2018; 345 S., 87 Abb.; ISBN 978-3-11-043887-1
description: Journal für Kunstgeschichte, Bd. 24 Nr. 2 (2020): Journal für Kunstgeschichte
Pirates, policemen, and other patriots : late Victorian ’Englishness’ and the comic operas of Gilbert & Sullivan
Creators: name: Thompson, Melanie Jean
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Music and theatre have long played a particular - but hitherto rather neglected — role in the construction and articulation of national identity. This thesis takes a closer look at that role through an examination of the fourteen "Savoy operas" produced by librettist William S. Gilbert and composer Arthur S. Sullivan between the years 1871 and 1896. It explores the impact these operas had on the formation of a particular idea of 'Englishness' in the late 19th century. The Savoy operas were produced in the context of a larger cultural trend, a historical moment of collective self-examination in which English national identity was being renegotiated and redefined. Designated as 'authentically English' national cultural products, the operas acted as foci for a cultural-nationalist discourse that defined and glorified English culture. Through their satire of the foibles, 'typical' traits, institutions and attitudes of a specific (English) national community, they encouraged their audiences to imagine themselves as part of that community, and educated them in the symbolic content of the national culture. The operas' unprecedented popularity crossed class and geographical boundaries, making participation in the Gilbert and Sullivan phenomenon a common cultural referent for many thousands of English people. The fact that the operas were musical theatre (as compared to literature, poetry, visual art, or classical music) meant that they were performed in countless different social contexts, and thus involved a large population in actively producing and re-producing the version of 'Englishness' that they came to represent. The example of the Savoy operas makes it clear that the workings of cultural nationalism are more complex than the imposition of hegemony through national culture on subordinate groups by an elite. National identities are forged in the interaction of all the various aspects of cultural production, from music, lyrics and staging to critical discourse, audience experience and amateur participation. Nationality is a constructed category, certainly, and one that is learned rather than inherent - but one that is also internalized and 'acted out' on a concrete, everyday level through forms of cultural expression such as music and theatre.
AGRICULTURAL COOPERATION AND PRODUCE MARKETING IN SOUTHWEST VIRGINIA
Creators: name: Trupo, Paul
name: Colavito, Luke A.
name: Reaves, Dixie Watts
name: Coale, Charles W.
name: Norton, George W.
name: Trupo, Paul
name: Colavito, Luke A.
name: Reaves, Dixie Watts
name: Coale, Charles W.
name: Norton, George W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Growers and community leaders have expressed interest in establishing a horticultural shipping-point market in Southwest Virginia. This paper reports on a study that assessed whether horticultural production would be profitable in the region and, if so, the physical and organizational requirements for a successful shipping-point market. It appears that tomatoes, peppers, and pumpkins can be produced and marketed profitably to large-volume wholesale buyers if growers meet the exacting requirements of the retailers. A cooperative association is the organizational structure with the greatest chance of success. At the conclusion of this study, a shipping-point market in the recommended form was established in Southwest Virginia.
Long-lived qubit memory using atomic ions
Creators: name: Langer, C.
name: Ozeri, R.
name: Jost, J. D.
name: Chiaverini, J.
name: DeMarco, B.
name: Ben-Kish, A.
name: Blakestad, R. B.
name: Britton, J.
name: Hume, D. B.
name: Itano, W. M.
name: Leibfried, D.
name: Reichle, R.
name: Rosenband, T.
name: Schaetz, T.
name: Schmidt, P. O.
name: Wineland, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate experimentally a robust quantum memory using a magnetic-field-independent hyperfine transition in 9Be+ atomic ion qubits at a magnetic field B ~= 0.01194 T. We observe that the single physical qubit memory coherence time is greater than 10 seconds, an improvement of approximately five orders of magnitude from previous experiments with 9Be+. We also observe long coherence times of decoherence-free subspace logical qubits comprising two entangled physical qubits and discuss the merits of each type of qubit.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 8 of Dynamic nanopore long-read sequencing analysis of HIV-1 splicing events during the early steps of infection
Creators: name: Quang, Nam Nguyen
name: Goudey, Sophie
name: Ségéral, Emmanuel
name: Ammara Mohammad
name: Lemoine, Sophie
name: Blugeon, Corinne
name: Versapuech, Margaux
name: Jean-Christophe Paillart
name: Berlioz-Torrent, Clarisse
name: Emiliani, Stéphane
name: Gallois-Montbrun, Sarah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 8: Figure S3. Estimation of the relative abundance of HIV-1 mRNA size classes using ONT sequencing. (a) Schematic representation of HIV-1 unspliced (US, 9-kb), incompletely spliced (IS, 4-kb) and multiply-spliced (MS, 2-kb) classes of HIV-1 RNA. SS used to calculate the levels of HIV-1 classes are indicated. Excised introns are represented as dotted lines and conserved exons as filled lines. Complete sequencing reads (CSR) corresponding to annotated reads starting before D1, ending after D4 and harbouring a least one splice junction involving D1 are indicated. (b) Relative quantification of MS and IS isoforms were calculated by dividing the number of CSR including (2-kb) or not (4-kb) a splice junction at D4 by the total number of CSR. (c) Relative quantification of 9-kb and spliced RNAs at D1 were estimated by counting the number of reads splicing (2-kb+4-kb) or not (9-kb) at D1 by the total number of reads passing through D1. (d) Relative quantification of 2-kb and 9-kb or 4-kb RNAs were estimated by counting the number of reads splicing (2-kb) or not (4-kb+9-kb) at D4 by the total number of reads passing through D4. Relative level of 9-kb, 4-kb and 2-kb RNAs in Fig. 3 was estimated by integrating the levels of each class determined in (b), (c) and (d).
Tabletop Roleplaying Games as Procedural Content Generators
Creators: name: Guzdial, Matthew
name: Acharya, Devi
name: Kreminski, Max
name: Cook, Michael
name: Eladhari, Mirjam
name: Liapis, Antonios
name: Sullivan, Anne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Tabletop roleplaying games (TTRPGs) and procedural content generators can both be understood as systems of rules for producing content. In this paper, we argue that TTRPG design can usefully be viewed as procedural content generator design. We present several case studies linking key concepts from PCG research -- including possibility spaces, expressive range analysis, and generative pipelines -- to key concepts in TTRPG design. We then discuss the implications of these relationships and suggest directions for future work uniting research in TTRPGs and PCG.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, FDG Workshop on Procedural Content Generation 2020
title: الشيخ خالد بن سلطان بن زايد آل نهيان (1906-1977م) نائب حاكم إمارة أبو ظبي/ شمسه حمد العبد الظاهري.
Creators: name: الظاهري، شمسة حمد العبد
Publisher: name: الأرشيف والمكتبة الوطنية
Year: 2017
Subjects: خالد بن سلطان بن زايد آل نهيان، - 1906-1977

- يستهدف هذا البحث التعريف بشخصية الشيخ خالد بن سلطان آل نهيان ومكانته وأعماله، وكيفية اجتيازه المراحل التاريخية المليئة بالأحداث والتحديات التي مرت على إمارة أبوظبي؛ وذلك بالاستقراء العميق للمصادر الأجنبية المتاحة، ودون أن ننسى ما جاء عن نشأته ومعالم من شخصيته وإسهاماته في المجالات الاجتماعية والاقتصادية والسياسية في أبوظبي، وما كتبه الغربيون عنه ممن أتيحت لهم الفرصة مراقبة سلوكه عن قرب
The Evolution of Barium and Europium in Local Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies
Creators: name: Lanfranchi, Gustavo A.
name: Matteucci, Francesca
name: Cescutti, Gabriele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By means of a detailed chemical evolution model, we follow the evolution of barium and europium in four Local Group Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies, in order to set constraints on the nucleosynthesis of these elements and on the evolution of this type of galaxies compared with the Milky Way. The model, which is able to reproduce several observed abundance ratios and the present day total mass and gas mass content of these galaxies, adopts up to date nucleosynthesis and takes into account the role played by supernovae of different types (II, Ia) allowing us to follow in detail the evolution of several chemical elements (H, D, He, C, N, O, Mg, Si, S, Ca, Fe, Ba and Eu). By assuming that barium is a neutron capture element produced in low mass AGB stars by s-process but also in massive stars (in the mass range 10 - 30 $M_{\odot}$) by r-process, during the explosive event of supernovae of type II, and that europium is a pure r-process element synthesized in massive stars also in the range of masses 10 - 30 $M_{\odot}$, we are able to reproduce the observed [Ba/Fe] and [Eu/Fe] as functions of [Fe/H] in all four galaxies studied. We confirm also the important role played by the very low star formation efficiencies ($ν$ = 0.005 - 0.5 Gyr$^{-1}$) and by the intense galactic winds (6-13 times the star formation rate) in the evolution of these galaxies. These low star formation efficiencies (compared to the one for the Milky Way disc) adopted for the Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies are the main reason for the differences between the trends of [Ba/Fe] and [Eu/Fe] predicted and observed in these galaxies and in the metal-poor stars of our Galaxy. Finally, we provide predictions for Sagittarius galaxy for which data of only two stars are available.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Observation of transition from escape dynamics to underdamped phase diffusion in a Josephson junction
Creators: name: Kivioja, J. M.
name: Nieminen, T. E.
name: Claudon, J.
name: Buisson, O.
name: Hekking, F. W. J.
name: Pekola, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the dynamics of underdamped Josephson junctions. In addition to the usual crossover between macroscopic quantum tunnelling and thermally activated (TA) behaviour we observe in our samples with relatively small Josephson coupling E_J, for the first time, the transition from TA behaviour to underdamped phase diffusion. Above the crossover temperature the threshold for switching into the finite voltage state becomes extremely sharp. We propose a (T,E_J) phase-diagram with various regimes and show that for a proper description of it dissipation and level quantization in a metastable well are crucial.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Infinite Feature Selection: A Graph-based Feature Filtering Approach
Creators: name: Roffo, Giorgio
name: Melzi, Simone
name: Castellani, Umberto
name: Vinciarelli, Alessandro
name: Cristani, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a filtering feature selection framework that considers subsets of features as paths in a graph, where a node is a feature and an edge indicates pairwise (customizable) relations among features, dealing with relevance and redundancy principles. By two different interpretations (exploiting properties of power series of matrices and relying on Markov chains fundamentals) we can evaluate the values of paths (i.e., feature subsets) of arbitrary lengths, eventually go to infinite, from which we dub our framework Infinite Feature Selection (Inf-FS). Going to infinite allows to constrain the computational complexity of the selection process, and to rank the features in an elegant way, that is, considering the value of any path (subset) containing a particular feature. We also propose a simple unsupervised strategy to cut the ranking, so providing the subset of features to keep. In the experiments, we analyze diverse settings with heterogeneous features, for a total of 11 benchmarks, comparing against 18 widely-known comparative approaches. The results show that Inf-FS behaves better in almost any situation, that is, when the number of features to keep are fixed a priori, or when the decision of the subset cardinality is part of the process.
description: TPAMI PREPRINT 2020
Local oxidation of Ga[Al]As heterostructures with modulated tip-sample voltages
Creators: name: Graf, D.
name: Frommenwiler, M.
name: Studerus, P.
name: Ihn, T.
name: Ensslin, K.
name: Driscoll, D. C.
name: Gossard, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nanolithography based on local oxidation with a scanning force microscope has been performed on an undoped GaAs wafer and a Ga[Al]As heterostructure with an undoped GaAs cap layer and a shallow two-dimensional electron gas. The oxide growth and the resulting electronic properties of the patterned structures are compared for constant and modulated voltage applied to the conductive tip of the scanning force microscope. All the lithography has been performed in non-contact mode. Modulating the applied voltage enhances the aspect ratio of the oxide lines, which significantly strengthens the insulating properties of the lines on GaAs. In addition, the oxidation process is found to be more reliable and reproducible. Using this technique, a quantum point contact and a quantum wire have been defined and the electronic stability, the confinement potential and the electrical tunability are demonstrated to be similar to the oxidation with constant voltage.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, accepted by J. Appl. Phys
Anomalous Neutron Yields Confirmed for Ba-Mo and Newly Observed for Ce-Zr from Spontaneous Fission of $^{252}$Cf
Creators: name: Musangu, B. M.
name: Thibeault, A. H.
name: Richards, T. H.
name: Wang, E. H.
name: Hamilton, J. H.
name: Zachary, C. J.
name: Eldridge, J. M.
name: Ramayya, A. V.
name: Luo, Y. X.
name: Rasmussen, J. O.
name: Ter-Akopian, G. M.
name: Oganessian, Yu. Ts.
name: Zhu, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reinvestigated the neutron multiplicity yields of Ba-Mo, Ce-Zr, Te-Pd, and Nd-Sr from the spontaneous fission of $^{252}$Cf; by (i) using both $γ$-$γ$-$γ$-$γ$ and $γ$-$γ$-$γ$ coincidence data, (ii) using up to date level scheme structures, and (iii) cross-checking analogous energy transitions in multiple isotopes, we have achieved higher precision than previous analyses. Particular attention was given to the Ba-Mo pairs where our results clearly confirm that the Ba-Mo yield data have a second hot fission mode where 8, 9, 10, and now 11 neutron evaporation channels are observed. These are the first observations of the 11 neutron channel. These 8-11 neutron channels are observed for the first time in the Ce-Zr pairs, but are not observed in other fission pairs. The measured intensities of the second mode in Ba-Mo and Ce-Zr pairs are $\sim$1.5(4)$\%$ and $\sim$1.0(3)$\%$, respectively. These high neutron number evaporation modes can be an indication of hyperdeformation and/or octupole deformation in $^{143-145}$Ba and in $^{146,148}$Ce at scission to give rise to such high neutron multiplicities.
Additional file 6 of Dynamic nanopore long-read sequencing analysis of HIV-1 splicing events during the early steps of infection
Creators: name: Quang, Nam Nguyen
name: Goudey, Sophie
name: Ségéral, Emmanuel
name: Ammara Mohammad
name: Lemoine, Sophie
name: Blugeon, Corinne
name: Versapuech, Margaux
name: Jean-Christophe Paillart
name: Berlioz-Torrent, Clarisse
name: Emiliani, Stéphane
name: Gallois-Montbrun, Sarah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 6: Figure S2. Identification of new and rare transcripts involving SS D1c, D4a, A1b, A5a and A5c and LTR2 RNA in HIV-1 infected T cell samples. (a) IGV screenshots of ONT read alignments of new and rare transcripts described in the Additional file 4: Table S4. (b) New and rare transcripts were reverse transcribed and amplified using specific primers (Additional file 16: Table S8). DNA sequencing chromatograms of confirmed junctions are presented.
NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN GROCERY MANUFACTURER AND DISTRIBUTOR MARKETING PROGRAMS: A SURVEY OF U.S. WHOLESALERS AND RETAILERS
Creators: name: Park, John L.
name: McLaughlin, Edward W.
name: Park, John L.
name: McLaughlin, Edward W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The retail food industry has taken initiatives to improve cost and to return the focus of management to the consumer. Among these initiatives are Efficient Consumer Response (ECR) and category management. A mail questionnaire elicited perceptions on these issues from 95 executives among U.S. food wholesalers and retailers. This study found that ECR category management are being used to streamline costs and to remove logistical inefficiencies. Although it is widely recognized that category management provides a consumer focus, distributors seemingly brush aside tactics that target individual customers in favor of efforts that target logistical efficiency.
Unique Nilpotent Symmetry Transformations For Matter Fields In QED: Augmented Superfield Formalism
Creators: name: Malik, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the local, covariant, continuous, anticommuting and off-shell nilpotent (anti-)BRST symmetry transformations for the interacting U(1) gauge theory of quantum electrodynamics (QED) in the framework of augmented superfield approach to BRST formalism. In addition to the horizontality condition, we invoke another gauge invariant condition on the six (4, 2)-dimensional supermanifold to obtain the exact and unique nilpotent symmetry transformations for all the basic fields, present in the (anti-)BRST invariant Lagrangian density of the physical four (3 + 1)-dimensional QED. The above supermanifold is parametrized by four even spacetime variables x^μ(with μ= 0, 1, 2, 3) and a couple of odd variables (θand \barθ) of the Grassmann algebra. The new gauge invariant condition on the supermanifold owes its origin to the (super) covariant derivatives and leads to the derivation of unique nilpotent symmetry transformations for the matter fields. The geometrical interpretations for all the above off-shell nilpotent transformations are discussed, too.
description: LaTeX file, 14 pages, journal-version
Non-Abelian Firewall
Creators: name: Singleton, Douglas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple, closed-form solution to the Yang-Mills field equations is presented which has a non-Abelian firewall - a spherical "horizon" where the energy density diverges. By the gravity/gauge duality, this non-Abelian firewall implies the existence of a gravitational firewall. Gravitational firewalls have been proposed as a way of resolving the information loss paradox, but at the cost of violating the equivalence principle.
description: 6 pages, no figures. Awarded "honorable mention" in 2020 GRF essay contest. To be published in IJMPD
R2D - The Case for a Comprehensive New RHIC-II Detector
Creators: name: Bellwied, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new detector concept (R2D) is needed to harvest the unique physics opportunities at RHIC-II during the LHC era. This concept is based on a high granularity hermetic array of detectors featuring high momentum particle identification and superior resolution for photon and onium measurements. Most components of R2D can also be applied to future electron-ion interactions. Thus, R2D allows us to perform precision QCD-type measurements at RHIC-II and eRHIC.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, Quark Matter 2005 conference proceedings
INTRA-PROCESSOR PRICE-SPREAD BEHAVIOR: IS THE U.S. CATFISH PROCESSING INDUSTRY COMPETITIVE?
Creators: name: Hudson, Darren
name: Hudson, Darren
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: An analysis was conducted of price-spread behavior in the catfish-processing sector of the United States. A model of imperfect competition using conjectural variations was used to test for significant deviations from competition. Results show no significant deviation from competitive behavior, suggesting that catfish processor behave competitively. However, this result is limited by the assumption of equal market shares by each catfish-processing firm.
TRENDS IN U.S. WHEAT-BASED FOOD CONSUMPTION: NUTRITION, CONVENIENCE, AND ETHNIC FOODS
Creators: name: Moutou, Christele
name: Brester, Gary W.
name: Moutou, Christele
name: Brester, Gary W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: This study identifies U.S. consumers' use of food nutrition labels on wheat-based foods; consumer attitudes toward the importance of taste, price, and nutrition in choosing wheat-based snack foods; and consumer knowledge of Middle-Eastern wheat-based foods. A survey of U.S. primary grocery shoppers indicated that most respondents believed it was important that their diets contained wheat-based food products. A majority of respondents indicated that fat content was the most important item on food nutrition labels when making a wheat-based food purchase decision. A majority of respondents indicated that taste was the most important factor when making wheat-based snack food purchases. Most respondents were not familiar with Middle-Eastern wheat-based foods.
Observing Near Earth Asteroids with a Small Telescope
Creators: name: Vaduvescu, Ovidiu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Even from a light polluted city it is possible to observe Near Earth Asteroids (NEAs) at opposition using a small telescope equipped with a CCD camera. In this paper, we will overview first the major NEA programs, continuing with planning the observations and the data reduction. Second, we will present a NEA follow-up program carried out on the 60-cm telescope at York University Observatory in Toronto, Canada. Part of this program, five NEAs have been observed during ten nights. Their astrometric and photometric data were reduced and sent to the Minor Planet Centre, following which an observatory code was assigned and four batches have been included in the NEODyS database and MPC Circulars. The results are applicable to any other small facility.
description: 17 pages including two figures. Published in Romanian Astronomical Journal
CONSUMER AWARENESS AND USE OF NUTRITION LABELS ON PACKAGED FRESH MEATS: A PILOT STUDY
Creators: name: Schupp, Alvin R.
name: Gillespie, Jeffrey M.
name: Reed, Debra
name: Schupp, Alvin R.
name: Gillespie, Jeffrey M.
name: Reed, Debra
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: The Nutritional Labeling and Education Act of 1990 called for the voluntary nutrition labeling of packaged fresh meats in retail stores. The stores had until mid-1994 to meet the Act's provisions. Availability and use of these labels in Louisiana retail stores were examined by a 1997 survey of households. One-half of the responding households perceived that these nutrition labels were in use in stores, and when available, they were used by most respondents. The primary reasons for nonuse include sufficient prior knowledge of nutrient content, insufficient shopping time to check labels, and lack of interest in nutrient content. Family income, household head retired, and interest in preparing healthy meals in the home were statistically significant variables in explaining label readership.
RNAlike polymer model: exact calculation on the Bethe lattice
Creators: name: Pretti, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a lattice polymer model (random walk), in which the walk is allowed to visit lattice bonds at most twice. Such a model might have some relevance to describe statistical properties of RNA molecules. In order to mimic base pairing, we assign an attractive energy term to each doubly-visited bond, and a further contribution to each pair of consecutive doubly-visited bonds. The latter term is expected to mimic the stacking effect, whereas no effect of sequence, that is, of chemical specificity, is taken into account. The phase diagram is worked out exactly on a Bethe lattice, in a grand-canonical formulation. In the dilute solution (single molecule) limit, the system undergoes two different phase transitions, upon decreasing temperature: a Thetalike collapse from a swollen "coil" state to a "molten" state, with a low fraction of doubly-visited bonds, and subsequently to a "paired" state, with empty or doubly-visited bonds only. The stacking effect drives the latter transition from second to first order.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, 1 table. Minor changes to the text, added references
Pinning properties of FeSeTe thin film through multifrequency measurements of the surface impedance
Creators: name: Pompeo, Nicola
name: Torokhtii, Kostiantyn
name: Alimenti, Andrea
name: Sylva, Giulia
name: Braccini, Valeria
name: Silva, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high frequency measurements of the vortex dynamics of a FeSe$_x$Te$_{1-x}$ ($x=0.5$) thin film grown on a CaF$_2$ substrate and with a critical temperature $T_c\simeq18\;$K, performed by means of a dual frequency dielectric resonator at 16.4 GHz and 26.6 GHz. We extract and discuss various important vortex parameters related to the pinning properties of the sample, such as the characteristic frequency $ν_c$, the pinning constant $k_p$ and the pinning barrier height $U$ relevant for creep phenomena. We find that the vortex system is in the single-vortex regime, and that pinning attains relatively high values in terms of $k_p$, indicating significant pinning at the high frequencies here studied. The pinning barrier energy $U$ is quite small and exhibits a non-monotonous temperature dependence with a maximum near 12 K. This result is discussed in terms of core pinning of small portion of vortices of size $\proptoξ^3$ jumping out of the pinning wells over very small distances, a process which is favoured in the high frequency, short ranged vortex oscillations here explored.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures
Perturbations of Schwarzschild black holes in the Lorenz gauge: Formulation and numerical implementation
Creators: name: Barack, Leor
name: Lousto, Carlos O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reformulate the theory of Schwarzschild black hole perturbations in terms of the metric perturbation in the Lorenz gauge. In this formulation, each tensor-harmonic mode of the perturbation is constructed algebraically from 10 scalar functions, satisfying a set of 10 wavelike equations, which are decoupled at their principal parts. We solve these equations using numerical evolution in the time domain, for the case of a pointlike test particle set in a circular geodesic orbit around the black hole. Our code uses characteristic coordinates, and incorporates a constraint damping scheme. The axially-symmetric, odd-parity modes of the perturbation are obtained analytically. The approach developed here is especially advantageous in applications requiring knowledge of the local metric perturbation near a point particle; in particular, it offers a useful framework for calculations of the gravitational self force.
description: 29 pages, 21 eps figures
CONSUMER CHARACTERISTICS INFLUENCING THE CONSUMPTION OF NUT-CONTAINING PRODUCTS
Creators: name: He, Senhui
name: Florkowski, Wojciech J.
name: Elnagheeb, Abdelmoneim H.
name: He, Senhui
name: Florkowski, Wojciech J.
name: Elnagheeb, Abdelmoneim H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: The study estimates the influence of consumer characteristics on the consumption of four nut-containing products, that is, the consumption of nuts as a snack, in salads, covered in chocolate, and in ice cream. Gender, age and education are among the characteristics that frequently influence nut consumption. Female, older, and non-white respondents consumed nuts as a snack more often than male, younger, and white consumers did. Chocolate-covered nut consumption was associated with higher income and rural consumers while nut-flavored ice cream was consumed more frequently by older rather than younger respondents and respondents from larger households.