cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Detailed Numerical Simulations on the Formation of Pillars around HII-regions
Creators: name: Gritschneder, Matthias
name: Burkert, Andreas
name: Naab, Thorsten
name: Walch, Stefanie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the structural evolution of turbulent molecular clouds under the influence of ionizing radiation emitted from a nearby massive star by performing a high resolution parameter study with the iVINE code. The temperature is taken to be 10K or 100K, the mean number density is either 100cm^3 or 300cm^3. Besides, the turbulence is varied between Mach 1.5 and Mach 12.5 and the main driving scale between 1pc and 8pc. We vary the ionizing flux by an order of magnitude. In our simulations the ionizing radiation enhances the initial turbulent density distribution and thus leads to the formation of pillar-like structures observed adjacent to HII regions in a natural way. Gravitational collapse occurs regularly at the tips of the structures. We find a clear correlation between the initial state of the turbulent cold cloud and the final morphology and physical properties of the structures formed. The most favorable regime for the formation of pillars is Mach 4-10. Structures and therefore stars only form if the initial density contrast between the high density unionized gas and the gas that is going to be ionized is lower than the temperature contrast between the hot and the cold gas. The density of the resulting pillars is determined by a pressure equilibrium between the hot and the cold gas. A thorough analysis of the simulations shows that the complex kinematical and geometrical structure of the formed elongated filaments reflects that of observed pillars to an impressive level of detail. In addition, we find that the observed line-of sight velocities allow for a distinct determination of different formation mechanisms. Comparing the current simulations to previous results and recent observations we conclude that e.g. the pillars of creation in M16 formed by the mechanism proposed here and not by the radiation driven implosion of pre-existing clumps.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Compositional compression of deep image features using stacked quantizers
Creators: name: Martinez-Covarrubias, Julieta
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: In computer vision, it is common for image representations to be stored as high-dimensional real-valued vectors. In many computer vision applications, such as retrieval, classification, registration and reconstruction, the computational bottleneck arises in a process known as feature matching, where, given a query vector, a similarity score has to be computed to many vectors in a (potentially very large) database. For example, it is not uncommon for object retrieval and classification to be performed by matching global representations in collections with thousands or millions of images. A popular approach to reduce the computational and memory requirements of this process is vector quantization. In this work, we first analyze several vector compression methods typically used in the computer vision literature in terms of their computational trade-offs. In particular, we observe that Product Quantization (PQ) and Additive Quantization (AQ) lie on the extremes of a compositional vector compression design choice, where the former assumes complete codebook independence and the latter assumes full codebook dependence. We explore an intermediate approach that exploits a hierarchical structure in the codebooks. This results in a method that is largely competitive with AQ in structured vectors, and outperforms AQ in unstructured vectors while being several orders of magnitude faster. We also perform an extensive evaluation of our method on standard benchmarks of Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT), and GIST descriptors, as well as on new datasets of features obtained from state-of-the-art convolutional neural networks. In benchmarks of low-dimensional deep features, our approach obtains the best known-to-date results, often requiring less than half the memory of PQ to achieve the same performance.
Quasispins of vacancy defects in Ising chains with nearest- and next-to-nearest-neighbour interactions
Creators: name: Sun, Shijun
name: Ramirez, Arthur P.
name: Syzranov, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by frustrated magnets and quasi-one-dimensional magnetic materials, we study the magnetic properties of 1D Ising chains with nearest-neighbour (NN) and weaker next-to-nearest neighbour (NNN) interactions in the presence of vacancy defects. The effect of a vacancy on the magnetic susceptibility of a spin chain is two-fold: it reduces the length of the chain by an effective ``vacancy size'' and may also act as a free spin, a ``quasispin'', with a Curie-type $χ_\text{quasi}=\langle S^2\rangle/T$ contribution to the susceptibility. In chains with antiferromagnetic short-range order, the susceptibility of vacancy-free chains is exponentially suppressed at low temperatures, and quasispins dominate the effect of impurities on the chains' magnetic properties. For chains with antiferromagnetic NN interactions, the quasispin matches the value $\langle S^2\rangle=1$ of the Ising spins in the chain for ferromagnetic NNN interactions and vanishes for antiferromagnetic NNN interactions. For chains with ferromagnetic short-range order, quasispin effects are insignificant due to exponentially large low-temperature susceptibilities, and the dominant effect of a vacancy is effectively changing the length of the chain.
description: 4+7 pages, 1+4 figures, 1 table
Formation of supermassive nuclei of Black holes in the early Universe by the mechanism of scalar-gravitational instability. I. Local picture
Creators: name: Ignat'ev, Yu. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the formulated and proven similarity properties of cosmological models based on a statistical system of degenerate scalarly charged fermions, as well as the previously identified mechanism of scalar-gravitational instability of cosmological models, a numerical-analytical study of the formation of supermassive black hole nuclei in the early Universe was carried out. A mathematical model of the evolution of spherical perturbations is constructed, on the basis of which the main regularities of the process of evolution of collapsing masses and the dependence of the parameters of forming black holes on the fundamental parameters of the cosmological model and the wavelength of gravitational perturbations are revealed. In this case, the mass loss of the black hole due to quantum evaporation is taken into account. A stable tendency for the early formation of supermassive black hole nuclei in the class of cosmological models under study is shown, and a close connection between the growth of masses of spherical perturbations and the nature of the singular points of these models is shown. Keywords: scalarly charged plasma, cosmological model, Higgs scalar field, gravitational stability, spherical perturbations, black hole formation, evaporation.
description: 19 pages,18 figures, 34 references
DroidDissector: A Static and Dynamic Analysis Tool for Android Malware Detection
Creators: name: Muzaffar, Ali
name: Hassen, Hani Ragab
name: Zantout, Hind
name: Lones, Michael A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: DroidDissector is an extraction tool for both static and dynamic features. The aim is to provide Android malware researchers and analysts with an integrated tool that can extract all of the most widely used features in Android malware detection from one location. The static analysis module extracts features from both the manifest file and the source code of the application to obtain a broad array of features that include permissions, API call graphs and opcodes. The dynamic analysis module runs on the latest version of Android and analyses the complete behaviour of an application by tracking the system calls used, network traffic generated, API calls used and log files produced by the application.
description: Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Cybersecurity (ACS) 2023 (LNNS,volume 760)
Stochastic Lagrangian Particle Approach to Fractal Navier-Stokes Equations
Creators: name: Zhang, Xicheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H30, 35Q30

description: In this article we study the fractal Navier-Stokes equations by using stochastic Lagrangian particle path approach in Constantin and Iyer \cite{Co-Iy}. More precisely, a stochastic representation for the fractal Navier-Stokes equations is given in terms of stochastic differential equations driven by Lévy processes. Basing on this representation, a self-contained proof for the existence of local unique solution for the fractal Navier-Stokes equation with initial data in $\mW^{1,p}$ is provided, and in the case of two dimensions or large viscosity, the existence of global solution is also obtained. In order to obtain the global existence in any dimensions for large viscosity, the gradient estimates for Lévy processes with time dependent and discontinuous drifts is proved.
description: 19 pages
1/3 plateau and 3/5 discontinuity in the magnetization and the magnetic phase diagram of hexagonal GdInO$_3$
Creators: name: Yuan, Ning
name: Elghandour, Ahmed
name: Hergett, Waldemar
name: Ohlendorf, Rahel
name: Gries, Lukas
name: Klingeler, Rüdiger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the high-pressure optical floating-zone growth of GdInO$_3$ single crystals and show its magnetic phase diagram down to the mK-regime as determined by magnetization measurements. The centered-honeycomb lattice structure shows considerable magnetic frustration ($\lvertΘ\rvert /T_{\rm N}\simeq 5$) and develops long-range magnetic order below $T_{\rm N}$~=~2.1 K from a short-range ordered paramagnetic phase. Concomitantly, a small net magnetic moment evolves at $T_{\rm N}$ which points along the crystallographic $c$ direction. Upon cooling, the net moment reorients at $T^{**}\simeq 1.7$ K and $T^{*}\simeq 1$ K. A broad 1/3 plateau indicative of the up-up-down ($uud$) spin configuration appears for $B||c$ but is absent for $B||ab$, thereby suggesting easy axis anisotropy. At $T=0.4$ K, a jump in magnetization at $\simeq 3/5$ of the saturation magnetization signals a discontinuous transition to a high field phase and we find evidence for a possible tricritical point. Small energy and field scales in the accessible regimes render GdInO$_3$ a prime example to study the phase diagram of a semiclassical frustrated hexagonal lattice in the presence of weak easy axis anisotropy of mainly dipolar origin.
Interpretation of MINOS data in terms of non-standard neutrino interactions
Creators: name: Kopp, Joachim
name: Machado, Pedro A. N.
name: Parke, Stephen J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The MINOS experiment at Fermilab has recently reported a tension between the oscillation results for neutrinos and anti-neutrinos. We show that this tension, if it persists, can be understood in the framework of non-standard neutrino interactions (NSI). While neutral current NSI (non-standard matter effects) are disfavored by atmospheric neutrinos, a new charged current coupling between tau neutrinos and nucleons can fit the MINOS data without violating other constraints. In particular, we show that loop-level contributions to flavor-violating tau decays are sufficiently suppressed. However, conflicts with existing bounds could arise once the effective theory considered here is embedded into a complete renormalizable model. We predict the future sensitivity of the T2K and NOvA experiments to the NSI parameter region favored by the MINOS fit, and show that both experiments are excellent tools to test the NSI interpretation of the MINOS data.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, RevTeX 4
Dissemination and Public Engagement Plan including graphic design guidelines (release 1)
Creators: name: Santucci, Raffaella
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: This Dissemination and Public Engagement Plan provides an overview of the dissemination strategy,
 activities, and materials that Q-SORT intends to use over the lifetime of the Project, with the goal of making it
 as visible as possible and of disseminating the Project’s results as widely as possible.
Detection of the Pulsar Wind Nebula HESS J1825-137 with the Fermi Large Area Telescope
Creators: name: Grondin, M. -H.
name: Funk, S.
name: Lemoine-Goumard, M.
name: Van Etten, A.
name: Hinton, J. A.
name: Camilo, F.
name: Cognard, I.
name: Espinoza, C. M.
name: Freire, P. C. C.
name: Grove, J. E.
name: Guillemot, L.
name: Johnston, S.
name: Kramer, M.
name: Lande, J.
name: Michelson, P.
name: Possenti, A.
name: Romani, R. W.
name: Skilton, J. L.
name: Theureau, G.
name: Weltevrede, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We announce the discovery of 1 - 100 GeV gamma-ray emission from the archetypal TeV pulsar wind nebula HESS J1825-137 using 20 months of survey data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT). The gamma-ray emission detected by the LAT is significantly spatially extended, with a best-fit rms extension of sigma = 0.56° $\pm$ 0.07° for an assumed Gaussian model. The 1 - 100 GeV LAT spectrum of this source is well described by a power-law with a spectral index of 1.38 $\pm$ 0.12 $\pm$ 0.16 and an integral flux above 1 GeV of (6.50 $\pm$ 0.21 $\pm$ 3.90) x 10^{-9} cm^{-2} s^{-1}. The first errors represent the statistical errors on the fit parameters, while the second ones are the systematic uncertainties. Detailed morphological and spectral analyses bring new constraints on the energetics and magnetic field of the pulsar wind nebula system. The spatial extent and hard spectrum of the GeV emission are consistent with the picture of an inverse Compton origin of the GeV-TeV emission in a cooling-limited nebula powered by the pulsar PSR J1826-1334.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Holographic entanglement from the UV to the IR
Creators: name: Dong, Xi
name: Remmen, Grant N.
name: Wang, Diandian
name: Weng, Wayne W.
name: Wu, Chih-Hung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In AdS/CFT, observables on the boundary are invariant under renormalization group (RG) flow in the bulk. In this paper, we study holographic entanglement entropy under bulk RG flow and find that it is indeed invariant. We focus on tree-level RG flow, where massive fields in a UV theory are integrated out to give the IR theory. We explicitly show that in several simple examples, holographic entanglement entropy calculated in the UV theory agrees with that calculated in the IR theory. Moreover, we give an argument for this agreement to hold for general tree-level RG flow. Along the way, we generalize the replica method of calculating holographic entanglement entropy to bulk theories that include matter fields with nonzero spin.
description: 29 pages, 2 figures; v2: minor edits, added references, matches the published version
Fractionalization via $\mathbb{Z}_{2}$ Gauge Fields at a Cold Atom Quantum Hall Transition
Creators: name: Barlas, Yafis
name: Yang, Kun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a single species of fermionic atoms in an "effective" magnetic field at total filling factor $ν_{f}=1$, interacting through a p-wave Feshbach resonance, and show that the system undergoes a quantum phase transition from a $ν_{f} =1 $ fermionic integer quantum Hall state to $ν_{b} =1/4 $ bosonic fractional quantum Hall state as a function of detuning. The transition is in the $(2+1)$-D Ising universality class. We formulate a dual theory in terms of quasiparticles interacting with a $\mathbb{Z}_{2}$ gauge field, and show that charge fractionalization follows from this topological quantum phase transition. Experimental consequences and possible tests of our theoretical predictions are discussed.
description: 4+epsilon pages
Dictionary Joyce : a lexicographical study of James Joyce and the Oxford English Dictionary
Creators: name: Chenier, Natasha Rose
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: The similarities between James Joyce’s Ulysses and the Oxford English Dictionary are numerous and striking: both texts aim to encapsulate the meaning of nearly everything in the English-speaking world. Both are epic in scope to an unprecedented degree. Both make countless references to other works, and explicitly absorb much of the preceding literature. Both aim to set new creative and intellectual standards. Of course politically, the works are vastly different. Due to the pervasive opinions of the time, to which language scholars were not immune, the OED’s scope was limited to what was considered reputable literary language. While the OED aimed to document the (morally acceptable) established lexis, Joyce aimed to challenge and redefine it; he broke with tradition in frequently using loan words, as well as radically re-defining many of the standard words he used. He also invented entirely new ones. Moreover, he used English words to describe taboo subject matter, which is why the text was effectively banned from most of the English-speaking world until the mid-1930s. Joyce’s liberalism with language and subject matter excluded him from the OED for several decades. Despite their differences, Chapter One of this thesis aims to suggest that the writing of Ulysses was in many ways inspired and assisted by the OED. Equally of interest as Joyce’s use of the OED and other dictionaries in his writing process is the OED’s representation of Joyce. While the first edition of the OED (1928) does not cite James Joyce, nor, to our knowledge, does its 1933 supplement, OED2 (1989) adds over 1,800 Joyce citations. Whereas OED3 (2000-) currently features 2,408 Joyce citations, many of those from OED2 have been removed for reasons that are unclear. Joyce is an example of the changeable place of modernist literature in the OED. While Chapter One looks at Joyce and his creative process in connection with the OED, the central focus of Chapter Two is the OED’s treatment of Joyce (and/or lack thereof) over the course of three editions and more than a century.
Energy landscape and phase competition of CsV3Sb5-, CsV6Sb6-, and TbMn6Sn6-type Kagome materials
Creators: name: Cai, Guanghui
name: Jiang, Yutao
name: Zhou, Hui
name: Yu, Ze
name: Jiang, Kun
name: Shi, Youguo
name: Meng, Sheng
name: Liu, Miao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Finding viable Kagome lattices is vital for materializing novel phenomena in quantum materials. In this work, we performed element substitutions on CsV3Sb5 with space group P6/mmm, TbMn6Sn6 with space group P6/mmm, and CsV6Sb6 with space group R-3 m, respectively, as the parent compounds. A total of 4158 materials were obtained through element substitutions, and these materials were then calculated via density function theory in high-throughput mode. Afterward, 48 materials were identified with high thermodynamic stability (E_hull<5meV/atom). Furthermore, we compared the thermodynamic stability of three different phases with the same elemental composition and predicted some competing phases that may arise during material synthesis. Finally, by calculating the electronic structures of these materials, we attempted to identify patterns in the electronic structure variations as the elements change. This work provides guidance for discovering promising AM3X5/AM6X6 Kagome materials from a vast phase space.
Spinless bosons embedded in a vector Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau oscillator
Creators: name: Castro, L. B.
name: de Castro, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some properties of minimal and nonminimal vector interactions in the Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau (DKP) formalism are discussed. The conservation of the total angular momentum for spherically symmetric nonminimal potentials is derived from its commutation properties with each term of the DKP equation and the proper boundary conditions on the spinors are imposed. It is shown that the space component of the nonminimal vector potential plays a crucial role for the confinement of bosons. The exact solutions for the vector DKP oscillator (nonminimal vector coupling with a linear potential which exhibits an equally spaced energy spectrum in the weak-coupling limit) for spin-0 bosons are presented in a closed form and it is shown that the spectrum exhibits an accidental degeneracy.
Quantum-enhanced magnetometry at optimal number density
Creators: name: Troullinou, Charikleia
name: Lucivero, Vito Giovanni
name: Mitchell, Morgan W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the use of squeezed probe light and evasion of measurement back-action to enhance the sensitivity and measurement bandwidth of an optically-pumped magnetometer (OPM) at sensitivity-optimal atom number density. By experimental observation, and in agreement with quantum noise modeling, a spin-exchange-limited OPM probed with off-resonance laser light is shown to have an optimal sensitivity determined by density-dependent quantum noise contributions. Application of squeezed probe light boosts the OPM sensitivity beyond this laser-light optimum, allowing the OPM to achieve sensitivities that it cannot reach with coherent-state probing at any density. The observed quantum sensitivity enhancement at optimal number density is enabled by measurement back-action evasion.
description: 5 pages + 3 supplementary, 5 figures
The density of a one-dimensional Bose gas far from an impurity
Creators: name: Petkovic, Aleksandra
name: Ristivojevic, Zoran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an impurity in a one-dimensional weakly-interacting Bose gas and analytically calculate the density profile of the Bose gas. Within the mean-field approximation, by increasing the distance from the impurity, the Bose gas density saturates exponentially fast to its mean thermodynamic-limit value at distances beyond the healing length. The effect of quantum fluctuations drastically changes this behavior, leading to a power law decay of the density deviation from the mean density. At distances longer than the healing length and shorter than a new length scale proportional to the impurity coupling strength, the power-law exponent is $2$, while at longest distances the corresponding exponent becomes $3$. The latter crossover does not exist in two special cases. The first one is realized for infinitely strongly coupled impurity; then the density deviation always decays with the exponent $2$. The second special case occurs when the new length scale is smaller than the healing length, i.e., at weak impurity coupling; then the density deviation always decays with the exponent $3$. The obtained results are exact in the impurity coupling strength and account for the leading order in the interaction between the particles of the Bose gas.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure
A Tale of Two Jets
Creators: name: Yunes, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the most interesting high-energy, astrophysical phenomena are relativistic jets emitted from highly localized sky location. Such jets are common in Nature, observed to high redshift and in a range of wavelengths. Their precise generation mechanism remains a bit of a mystery, but they are generically believed to be powered by black holes. We here summarize the recent simulations of Palenzuela, Lehner and Liebling that shed light on the jet generation mechanism. These authors studied the merger of two non-spinning black holes in the presence of a magnetic field, perpendicular to the orbital plane and anchored by a circumbinary accretion disk, in the "force-free" approximation. They found that each black hole essentially acts as a "straw" that stirs the magnetic field lines around the center of mass as the black holes inspiral. The twisting of the magnetic field lines then generates jets around each black hole, even though these are not spinning. Their simulations show the formation of such a dual jet geometry and how it transitions to a single jet one, as the black holes merge due to gravitational wave emission.
description: 2 pages, no figures. Perspectives article commissioned by Science. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of the AAAS for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Science {329, (08/20/2010)}
Wall mode dynamics and transition to chaos in magnetoconvection with a vertical magnetic field
Creators: name: McCormack, Matthew
name: Teimurazov, Andrei
name: Shishkina, Olga
name: Linkmann, Moritz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasistatic magnetoconvection of a low Prandtl number fluid ($\textrm{Pr}=0.025)$ with a vertical magnetic field is considered in a unit aspect ratio box with no-slip boundaries. At high relative magnetic field strengths, given by the Hartmann number $\textrm{Ha}$, the onset of convection is known to result from a sidewall instability giving rise to the wall mode regime. Here, we carry out 3D direct numerical simulations of unprecedented length to map out the parameter space at $\textrm{Ha} = 200, 500, 1000$, varying the Rayleigh number ($\textrm{Ra}$) between $6\times10^5 \lesssim \textrm{Ra} \lesssim 5\times 10^8$. We track the development of stable equilibria produced by this primary instability, identify bifurcations leading to limit cycles, and eventually to chaotic dynamics. At {$\textrm{Ha}=200$}, the steady wall mode solution undergoes a symmetry-breaking bifurcation producing a state featuring a coexistence between wall modes and a large-scale roll in the centre of the domain which persists to higher $\textrm{Ra}$. However, under a stronger magnetic field at $\textrm{Ha}=1000$, the steady wall mode solution undergoes a Hopf bifurcation producing a limit cycle which further develops to solutions that shadow an orbit homoclinic to a saddle point. Upon a further increase in $\textrm{Ra}$, the system undergoes a subsequent symmetry break producing a coexistence between wall modes and a large-scale roll, although the large-scale roll exists only for a small range of $\textrm{Ra}$, and chaotic dynamics primarily arise due to a mixture of chaotic wall mode dynamics and arrays of cellular structures.
Additional file 2 of Utilization of clinical practice guideline on antimicrobial in China: an exploratory survey on multilevel determinants
Creators: name: Deng, Qingwen
name: Liu, Wenbin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 2:. Research questionnaire of attitudes, utilisation and its determinants of CPG on antimicrobial among physicians in China
Two-dimensional supersolidity in a planar dipolar Bose gas
Creators: name: Ripley, B. T. E.
name: Baillie, D.
name: Blakie, P. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the crystalline stationary states of a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate in a planar trapping geometry. Our focus is on the ground state phase diagram in the thermodynamic limit, where triangular, honeycomb and stripe phases occur. We quantify the superfluid fraction by calculating the non-classical translational inertia, which allows us to identify favorable parameter regimes for observing supersolid ground states. We develop two simplified theories to approximately describe the ground states, and consider the relationship to roton softening in the uniform ground state. This also allows us to extend the phase diagram to the low density regime. While the triangular and honeycomb states have an isotropic superfluid response tensor, the stripe state exhibits anisotropic superfluidity.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Gertrude Stein’s Habits and Habitats
Creators: name: Styles, Robin A.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This thesis explores formal shifts in the work of Gertrude Stein. Beginning in the Harvard Psychological Laboratory in 1893, it traces the evolution of her artistic approaches as her interests develop and cross the borders of psychological investigation into the modernist fields of literary portraiture, novelistic experimentation, and operatic performance. It seeks to understand a plurality of influences on Gertrude Stein’s creative work and considers a multiplicity of philosophies and ideas and individuals that have an effect on Stein’s development as an artist, broadly categorising this plurality as the intellectual habitat within which Stein lives and works. This thesis constructs a biography of method, a chronological history of Stein’s developing creative practices, and claims that her time in the Harvard Psychological Laboratory constitutes both the beginning of this journey and a lasting influence on her life and work. The method is procedural, and to that end the materials consulted and interrogated come from a myriad of sources: college assignments, published psychological studies, working notes, diaries and correspondence, multiple drafts of poems, operatic scores, and published works in journals and books. The approach makes extensive use of archival materials and juxtaposes sources, conducting close readings of famous texts and then placing these alongside unknown fragments of college work. This echoing of ideas across forms and periods is fundamental to one of the claims of this project: that the environments Stein was a part of had a vital and enduring effect on her artistic production. In uncovering obscure fragments of juvenilia, conducting dynamic readings, and juxtaposing known and unknown texts, this thesis seeks to view Stein with new eyes, and to challenge our established understandings of her canonical texts.
Additional file 1 of Utilization of clinical practice guideline on antimicrobial in China: an exploratory survey on multilevel determinants
Creators: name: Deng, Qingwen
name: Liu, Wenbin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1:. Table 1 Reliability results of the questionnaire
Particles creation from JNW quantum perturbed black holes by minimally coupled Klein Gordon scalar free fields
Creators: name: Ghaffarnejad, Hossein
name: Faghani, Hamid Reza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we choose a minimal coupling interaction between massive Klein Gordon (KG) quantum scalar free fields and Janis-Newman-Winicour (JNW) spherically symmetric static black hole, to produce its Hawking temperature and luminosity. This is done by calculating asymptotic wave solutions at near and far from the black hole horizon. They are orthogonal mode solutions of local Hilbert spaces. By using these mode solutions, we calculated Bogolubov coefficients and then, we investigated number density matrix of created particles. Mathematical calculations show that this is not exactly similar to the Planck`s black body radiation energy density distribution but, it is "gray" body radiation distribution depended to the emitted Hawking particles frequency. Their difference is a non-vanishing absorptivity factor of backscattered particles after to form horizon of a collapsing body. Our motivation is determination of position of Hawking created pairs in which, two different proposals are proposed, so called as "fairwall" and "quantum atmosphere".
description: 29 pages and 2 figures
Communication model of emuStudio emulation platform
Creators: name: Jakubčo, Peter
name: Šimoňák, Slavomír
name: Ádám, Norbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Within the paper a description of communication model of plug-in based emuStudio emulation platform is given. The platform mentioned above allows the emulation of whole computer systems, configurable to the level of its components, represented by the plug-in modules of the platform. Development tasks still are in progress at the home institution of the authors. Currently the platform is exploited for teaching purposes within subjects aimed at machine-oriented languages and computer architectures. Versatility of the platform, given by its plug-in based architecture is a big advantage, when used as a teaching support tool. The paper briefly describes the emuStudio platform at its introductory part and then the mechanisms of inter-module communication are described.
The central point source in G76.9+1.0
Creators: name: Marthi, V. R.
name: Chengalur, J. N.
name: Gupta, Y.
name: Dewangan, G. C.
name: Bhattacharya, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the serendipitous discovery of a radio point source in a 618 MHz image of the supernova remnant(SNR) G76.9+1.0. The SNR has a bipolar structure and the point source is located near a faint bridge of emission joining the two lobes of emission. The point source was also detected in follow-up higher frequency(1170 MHz) observations. The spectral index for the point source obtained from the GMRT observations is alpha = -2.1. The steep spectrum, as well as the location of the point source near the centre of the SNR establish the fact that it is indeed the pulsar J2022+3842 associated with this SNR. Consistent with this, subsequent analysis of archival Chandra X-ray data shows a point source coincident with the radio point source, as well as diffuse extended X-ray emission surrounding the unresolved source. However, no pulsed emission was detected despite deep searches at both 610 MHz and 1160 MHz although pulsed emission has been seen at 2 GHz with the GBT. It appears that the most likely reason for not detecting the pulsed signal at the GMRT is temporal broadening: for the estimated DM towards this SNR, the pulse broadening time could be as large as tens of milliseconds. The diffuse X-ray emission is elongated along the same direction as the bipolar structure seen in the radio. We interpret the radio lobes as having been formed from an equatorial wind. Although direct detection of pulsed signal has not been possible, we show convincingly that sensitive, high-resolution, radio imaging at multiple frequencies is a useful method to search for pulsar candidates.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures, 1 table; accepted for publication in MNRAS
IPIP: A New Approach to Inverse Planning for HDR Brachytherapy by Directly Optimizing Dosimetric Indices
Creators: name: Siauw, Timmy
name: Cunha, Adam
name: Atamturk, Alper
name: Hsu, I-Chow
name: Pouliot, Jean
name: Goldberg, Ken
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Purpose: Many planning methods for high dose rate (HDR) brachytherapy treatment planning require an iterative approach. A set of computational parameters are hypothesized that will give a dose plan that meets dosimetric criteria. A dose plan is computed using these parameters, and if any dosimetric criteria are not met, the process is iterated until a suitable dose plan is found. In this way, the dose distribution is controlled by abstract parameters. The purpose of this study is to improve HDR brachytherapy planning by developing a new approach that directly optimizes the dose distribution based on dosimetric criteria. Method: We develop Inverse Planning by Integer Program (IPIP), an optimization model for computing HDR brachytherapy dose plans and a fast heuristic for it. We used our heuristic to compute dose plans for 20 anonymized prostate cancer patient image data sets from our clinic database. Dosimetry was evaluated and compared to dosimetric criteria. Results: Dose plans computed from IPIP satisfied all given dosimetric criteria for the target and healthy tissue after a single iteration. The average target coverage was 95%. The average computation time for IPIP was 30.1 seconds on a Intel(R) CoreTM2 Duo CPU 1.67 GHz processor with 3 Gib RAM. Conclusion: IPIP is an HDR brachytherapy planning system that directly incorporates dosimetric criteria. We have demonstrated that IPIP has clinically acceptable performance for the prostate cases and dosimetric criteria used in this study, both in terms of dosimetry and runtime. Further study is required to determine if IPIP performs well for a more general group of patients and dosimetric criteria, including other cancer sites such as GYN.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure, for submission to Medical Physics Journal
Laboratory evaluation of chemical and biological kinetic gas hydrate inhibitors
Creators: name: Sharifi, Hassan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: For practical purposes, kinetic hydrate inhibitors must perform in a predictable manner in the field. However, the complexity of the petroleum fluid composition, the presence of dissolved electrolytes, and high driving force (overpressure or sub-cooling), make it difficult to impossible task to achieve. In this thesis, the performance of two chemical kinetic inhibitors, polyvinylcaprolactam (PVCap) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and two biological ones, type I and III antifreeze proteins (AFP I and III) were evaluated under conditions mimicking oil and gas filed ones. The evaluation was done by using a double high pressure stirred vessel (crystallizer), a high-pressure cell in conjunction with a rotational rheometer and a high pressure micro differential scanning calorimeter. Although the above noted inhibitors were found to prolong the hydrate induction time and reduce the initial hydrate growth in saline solutions, the rate was found to increase when hydrate crystals started to form in the gas phase of the crystallizer. Circular dichroism experiments suggested that the saline solution does not perturb the structure of AFP I and III. However, in the presence of NaCl, the inhibitory activity of AFP I to prolong induction time decreased while AFP III was more active. Here, increase in induction time was ordered: no inhibitor<AFP I<AFP III<PVCap<PVP. Moreover, in the presence of the PVP and PVCap increase in hydrate slurry viscosity was more readily. Once hydrate formed, decomposition started sooner and was slower. The addition of n-heptane created a 4th phase in the gas hydrate formation system under study. This resulted in an increase in the induction time and a slowing of hydrate growth. Unexpectedly, addition of PVP, PVCap and AFP I decreased induction time, whereas AFP III had no impact on hydrate crystal nucleation. Here, the inhibitors activity to delay nucleation was ordered: AFP I<PVP<PVCap<AFP III~ no inhibitor. Nonetheless, for all inhibitors, gas hydrate growth was significantly inhibited and no acceleration in hydrate growth was observed. Meanwhile, hydrate particles remained dispersed efficiently by addition of chemical inhibitors. Once hydrate formed, however, hydrate decomposition started later in the presence of AFPs and sooner in the presence of chemical inhibitors and took longer.
Phonon-phonon interactions in transition metals
Creators: name: Chaput, Laurent
name: Togo, Atsushi
name: Tanaka, Isao
name: Hug, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper the phonon self energy produced by anharmonicity is calculated using second order many body perturbation theory for all bcc, fcc and hcp transition metals. The symmetry properties of the phonon interactions are used to obtain an expression for the self energy as a sum over irreducible triplets, very similar to integration in the irreducible part of the Brillouin zone for one particle properties. The results obtained for transition metals shows that the lifetime is on the order of 10^10 s. Moreover the Peierls approximation for the imaginary part of the self energy is shown to be reasonable for bcc and fcc metals. For hcp metals we show that the Raman active mode decays into a pair of acoustic phonons, their wave vector being located on a surface defined by conservation laws.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
Morphological characterization of dynamic dendrite growth in the awake developing brain
Creators: name: Hossain, Sharmin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Precise wiring between dendrites and axons during brain development is a critical requirement for forming proper neuronal connectivity, a prerequisite to generate correct brain function. Establishing this highly complex physical network entails forming precise patterns of dendritic and axonal arborization as well as correct targeting of these processes to appropriate brain regions. As compared to our current understanding of axonal development, relatively little is known regarding the structural organization and of dendritic arbor growth during dendritogenesis. Two major obstacles in studying dendritogenesis in vivo are technical challenges in observing the dynamic behavior of these structures in the developing brain, and post-imaging analyses of their complex growth patterns. Here, we used in vivo rapid time-lapse imaging in the intact and awake vertebrate brain to observe dynamic dendritogenesis and analyzed components of growing dendritic arbors of individual neurons to elucidate how short-term growth behaviors culminate to produce the dendritic arbor patterning of mature neurons. Of particular interest, this work establishes that dendritic growth cones exist on all growing dendrites, but due to their dynamic nature, they have been grossly under-reported in previous in vivo studies. In this study, I find that dendritic growth cone morphology correlates with branch behavior, report differences in two different dendritic filopodial populations in vivo, and describe how dendritic growth behavior changes over neuronal maturation. Further, we have developed a novel analysis tool called Dynamo to accurately track and analyze dendritic components. I have used this tool to screen three candidate guidance cue molecules, including ephrin-A1, ephrin-B1, and slit2, for their potential role in regulating dynamic behavior of growing dendrites, and found that slit2 exposure decreases branch motility and increases branchtip filopodial motility in vivo. I also find that neurons located in the caudomedial tectum project their dendrites in a biased rostral orientation to reach the tectal neuropil, and that interfering with the Slit receptor Robo3, prevents this biased dendrite growth. These findings provide novel insights into how dendrites develop in vivo in the awake vertebrate brain.
A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE EFFECTS OF BENTONITE AND SUGAR BEET PULP APPLICATION IN MOLASSES PURIFICATION TREATMENT
Creators: name: Miljana, Djordjević
name: Kertész Szabolcs
name: Šereš Zita
name: Maravić Nikola
name: Hodúr Cecília
name: Dragana, Šoronja-Simović
name: Marijana, Djordjević
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: sugar beet molasses
decolourisation
turbidity
bentonite
sugar beet pulp

description: ABSTRACT

The reduction of non-sugar compounds content in all intermediate and by-products of the sugar industry, especially molasses, shifts the production towards sugar yield increase and also facilitates betaine recovery. In this respect, the application of possible non-sugar compounds adsorbents is being intensively explored. The presented study investigates the application of sugar beet pulp and sodium bentonite as adsorbents in sugar beet molasses purification treatment. Potential reduction of non-sugar compounds content in molasses was monitored through measurements of molasses colour and turbidity.

The experiments were conducted according to the Box-Behnken experimental design and the effects of independent variables: pH (3−7), adsorbent concentration (3−7 g/L) and molasses dry substance (30−50°Bx) on the sugar beet molasses colour and turbidity were determined by response surface methodology. Applied temperature (60°C) and mixing speed were kept constant throughout the experiments.

The most pronounced impact on molasses colour and turbidity was expressed by pH, regardless of adsorbent used. Low pH treatments improved molasses colour reduction while opposite effect was observed regarding turbidity reduction. More efficient molasses colour reduction was noticed upon sodium bentonite addition compared to the sugar beet pulp. Conversely, greater molasses turbidity reduction was observed upon sugar beet pulp application.