cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Autonomic Control for Quality Collaborative Video Viewing
Creators: name: Phung, Dan
name: Valetto, Giuseppe
name: Kaiser, Gail E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Computer science

description: We present an autonomic controller for quality collaborative video viewing, which allows groups of geographically dispersed users with different network and computer resources to view a video in synchrony while optimizing the video quality experienced. The autonomic controller is used within a tool for enhancing distance learning with synchronous group review of online multimedia material. The autonomic controller monitors video state at the clients' end, and adapts the quality of the video according to the resources of each client in (soft) real time. Experimental results show that the autonomic controller successfully synchronizes video for small groups of distributed clients and, at the same time, enhances the video quality experienced by users, in conditions of fluctuating bandwidth and variable frame rate.
Examining the Role of NLRP3 in Intestinal Homeostasis and Fibrosis
Creators: name: Tjong, Jessica Ria
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Inflammation
subject: fibrosis
subject: inflammasome
subject: Crohn's disease
subject: inflammatory bowel disease
subject: Education--Sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Chemistry

description: Fibrosis is the most common cause of surgery in Crohn’s disease (CD) and the mechanisms of fibrosis in CD are not well understood. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors, including NLRP3, are cytosolic protein sensors involved in inflammatory pathways and implicated in CD pathogenesis. NLRP3 has been shown to drive fibrosis in various tissues, including the heart, kidney, lungs, liver and pancreas; however, its role in intestinal fibrosis is currently unknown. The main hypothesis of this project is that NLRP3 mediates intestinal fibrosis. Primary intestinal myofibroblasts isolated from Nlrp3-/- mice had reduced response to pro-fibrogenic cytokine TGFβ compared to wildtype (WT), with lower phosphorylation of downstream signalling protein Smad2, and decreased induction of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), as well as decreased migration. Loss of NLRP3 in intestinal myofibroblasts also led to increased resistance to cell death during serum deprivation. In an in vivo model of chronic colitis, Nlrp3-/- mice had significantly worse disease and susceptibility compared to WT. However, both Nlrp3-/- and WT mice had similar levels of intestinal fibrosis. Relevance to the human disease was further highlighted by the finding that NLRP3 transcript levels in mucosal colonic biopsies from patients with CD were significantly increased, and increased expression correlated with inflammation. Overall, our data suggest that loss of NLRP3 leads to reduced response to TGFβ in colonic myofibroblasts, and that NLRP3 may potentiate TGFβ beta signalling in the gut. Further insights into the mechanisms of intestinal fibrosis will significantly impact the development of new tools that will help with assessing and treating patients with CD complications.
Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans as novel mediators of inflammation in multiple sclerosis
Creators: name: Stephenson, Erin Laurel
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Multiple Sclerosis
subject: central nervous system
subject: Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans
subject: extracellular matrix
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: The extracellular matrix of the central nervous system is an interconnected network of proteins and sugars. The extracellular matrix is crucial for homeostasis, but its remodeling in diseases impacts both injury and repair. Here I introduce an extracellular matrix member that participates in immune-matrix interactions, the chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans integrate signals from the microenvironment to activate immune cells, interact with their receptors, and bind signaling molecules such as cytokines and chemokines. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans are commonly upregulated in a variety of neuroimmune and peripheral inflammatory diseases, and are key drivers of pathogenesis. In this thesis, I characterized the upregulation of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans in the inflammatory demyelinating mouse model of multiple sclerosis, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. One novel observation was the upregulation of chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans and the chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan member versican V1 at peak inflammation, as well as their accumulation in the perivascular cuff, a portal of entry of immune cells into the central nervous system. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans augmented the inflammatory activity of macrophages, enhancing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, matrix-degrading enzymes, and promoting their migration and phagocytosis. I explored the various mechanisms underlying this pro-inflammatory response. I found that receptors involved in the response to chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans may include toll-like receptor -2 and -4, and downstream signaling molecules include the adaptors MyD88 and TRIF as well as NFkB and protein kinase C. Lastly, I screened novel fluorinated glucosamine and xyloside compounds for their ability to interfere with chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan production and in other assays pertinent to multiple sclerosis. I found the compound, Ac-4,4-diF-GlcNAc, was extremely potent at reducing CSPG synthesis by astrocytes, promoting oligodendrocyte precursor cell growth on an inhibitory matrix, and had non-toxic but anti-inflammatory capabilities. Following experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, Ac-4,4-diF-GlcNAc treatment significantly reduced clinical disease score in multiple treatment paradigms, and reduced the number of infiltrating leukocytes in the spinal cord. This thesis highlights novel roles of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans in inflammation, details mechanisms for their effects on immune cells, and also highlights a novel compound that may be beneficial for targeting chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans to control inflammatory cascades.
Hydrodynamics of cold atomic gases in the limit of weak nonlinearity, dispersion and dissipation
Creators: name: Kulkarni, Manas
name: Abanov, Alexander G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamics of interacting cold atomic gases have recently become a focus of both experimental and theoretical studies. Often cold atom systems show hydrodynamic behavior and support the propagation of nonlinear dispersive waves. Although this propagation depends on many details of the system, a great insight can be obtained in the rather universal limit of weak nonlinearity, dispersion and dissipation (WNDD). In this limit, using a reductive perturbation method we map some of the hydrodynamic models relevant to cold atoms to well known chiral one-dimensional equations such as KdV, Burgers, KdV-Burgers, and Benjamin-Ono equations. These equations have been thoroughly studied in literature. The mapping gives us a simple way to make estimates for original hydrodynamic equations and to study the interplay between nonlinearity, dissipation and dispersion which are the hallmarks of nonlinear hydrodynamics.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
CPT groups of higher spin fields
Creators: name: Varlamov, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: $CPT$ groups of higher spin fields are defined in the framework of automorphism groups of Clifford algebras associated with the complex representations of the proper orthochronous Lorentz group. Higher spin fields are understood as the fields on the Poincaré group which describe orientable (extended) objects. A general method for construction of $CPT$ groups of the fields of any spin is given. $CPT$ groups of the fields of spin-1/2, spin-1 and spin-3/2 are considered in detail. $CPT$ groups of the fields of tensor type are discussed. It is shown that tensor fields correspond to particles of the same spin with different masses.
description: 30 pages
Parameter degeneracies in FNAL-Homestake LBNE setup
Creators: name: Bora, Kalpana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: LBNE (Longbaseline Neutrino Oscillation Experiments) provide a powerful experimental setup to study sensitivities and exlcusion limits in neutrino oscillation parameter space. A longbaseline experiment is being planned, at USA, from FNAL (Fermilab National Accelerator Laboratory) to an underground laboratory at Homestake in South Dakota, at an angle of 5.84 degrees from FNAL (at a distance of 1289 km). The prospect of a new beamline towards this location from FNAL, and a 300 Kiloton water Cerenkov detector at the site is in planning stage, for the studies of the neutrino physics program. The long baseline provides sufficient matter effects for neutrino travel, and a large detrecor will help towards better statistics. In this work, we present, upto what extent, the parameter degeneracies, present in oscillation parameter space, can be resolved, using this FNAL-LBNE setup.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Incumbents' interests and gender quotas
Creators: name: Fréchette, Guillaume R.
name: Maniquet, FranÃ§Ois
name: Morelli, Massimo
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Gender identity
subject: Sex role

description: The adoption of mandatory gender quotas in party lists has been a subject of discussion in many countries. Since any reform obviously requires the approval of a (sometimes qualified) majority of incumbent legislators' votes, keeping an eye on incumbents' interests and incentives in different systems seems a natural thing to do if we want to understand different prospects for reforms in different countries. Such differences in the cost-benefit analysis of incumbents may well depend on the electoral system. We argue that if male candidates have a higher probability of being elected when running against a female candidate than when running against a male of similar characteristics (male advantage), then single member district majority rule and closed list proportional representation are opposite extremes in terms of incentives for incumbents to pass parity laws. We validate the above argument using a formal model of constitutional design as well as an empirical analysis of the legislative elections in France, since France offers a natural experiment for both electoral systems. Given the male advantage, increasing the number of female new candidates made the incumbents' probability of reelection higher and thus male incumbent members of the Assembly have actually benefited from the parity law. We also show that parity may have Assembly composition effects and policy effects that vary with the electoral system.
Reward-Related Decision-Making Among Individuals with Current and Past Disordered Gambling: Implications for its Role in the Maintenance of Problem Gambling Behaviour
Creators: name: Schluter, Magdalen Grace
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Gambling Disorder
subject: Substance abuse
subject: Impulsive choice
subject: Reward-related decision making
subject: Delay discounting
subject: Probabilistic discounting
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Aberrant reward-related decision making is robustly associated with Gambling Disorder (GD). However, its precise role in the etiology of GD is not yet understood. This study investigated the possible role of two aspects of reward-related decision making, delay discounting (DD) and probabilistic discounting (DD), in the maintenance of GD. Additionally, it investigated the potential moderating role of substance misuse on the association between DD and GD. 434 participants with symptoms of current or past GD and symptoms of current or past substance use disorder (SUD), as well as healthy controls completed online self-report questionnaires of gambling participation, GD and SUD symptomology, and a randomly adjusting DD and PD task. Overall, the findings suggest that PD may be involved in the maintenance of GD, while DD may have greater involvement in the etiology of GD.
A Phenomenology of Campus Radio Landscapes: Place, Design, and Resiliency in Canada
Creators: name: Burman, Jeanette
Publisher: name: Environmental Design
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Campus -Community Radio
subject: Place
subject: Design
subject: Resiliency
subject: Phenomenology
subject: Architecture
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: Design and Decorative Arts
subject: Mass Communications
subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History--Canadian

description: Through a method and the theory of phenomenology, the author seeks an understanding about the role of design in the Canadian campus radio environment, where broadcasting spaces and radio stations contribute to meaning of belonging for campus radio people. In a real-world research approach that transcends disciplinary boundaries, the everyday experiences, practices, and perceptions of people who access campus stations and shape broadcasting spaces is investigated. Case study procedures are carried out across the campus radio network as well as with two embedded cases that the author has had personal involvement with as a radio volunteer —CJSW in Calgary, Alberta, and CHMA in Sackville, New Brunswick. This dynamic contributes to the ‘bracketing’ of knowledge and is also considered as evidence of the phenomena. Throughout, genius loci and environmental design play a central role in a theoretical model called Ethereal Place, where ‘being’ and ‘becoming’ is analyzed as a meaningful spatial and cultural experience in the campus radio landscape. While weaving together in-depth current and historic findings, the author engages with over 150 participants collecting multiple place-based narratives. A final phenomenological ‘narrative tapestry’ reveals synthetic values and a ‘sense of spirit’ about campus radio places that is also shared throughout the network. The author discusses what is unique about campus radio places in Canada—the campus radio station is a community gathering nexus which manifests as meaningful in the broadcasting space. In conclusion, the role of design in the campus station and broadcasting space is argued as significant for place-based resiliency within contextual sustainability parameters for the future development of campus radio in Canada.
First order Fermi acceleration driven by magnetic reconnection
Creators: name: Drury, Luke O'C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A box model is used to study first order Fermi acceleration driven by magnetic reconnection. It is shown, at least in this simple model, that the spectral index of the accelerated particles is related to the total compression in the same way as in diffusive shock acceleration and is not, as has been suggested, a universal $E^{-5/2}$ spectrum. The acceleration time-scale is estimated and some comments made about the applicability of the process.
description: Accepted for MNRAS
The American Preparedness Project: Where the US Public Stands in 2007 on Terrorism, Security, and Disaster Preparedness
Creators: name: Redlener, Irwin E.
name: Abramson, David M.
name: Stehling-Ariza, Tasha
name: Grant, Roy F.
name: Johnson, Dennis G.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Emergency management
Emergency management--Public opinion
Emergency management--Citizen participation

description: Since 2002, the National Center for Disaster Preparedness (NCDP) at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health and The Children's Health Fund (CHF), have conducted annual surveys of public attitudes and personal preparedness in the aftermath of the terror attacks of September 11, 2001. Produced in collaboration with the Marist College Institute for Public Opinion (MIPO), each is a random-dial telephone survey of a representative random sample of the US population (selected consistent with demographic characteristics of the most recent available update of the 2000 census). Each survey, including the current, has included a set of questions repeated every year, which generate trend data, as well as questions specific to events current to each study period. Repeated questions ask about confidence in government; willingness and ability to evacuate; extent of personal and family preparedness; and perceptions of community preparedness. All questions are compared across a variety of demographic characteristics including race, age, gender, income, and region, size of community, political affiliation, and education. Further, the responses to select questions, such as awareness of community preparedness plans, are compared across certain groups of respondents (e.g. those having personal and family preparedness plans vs. those who do not). The surveys are developed by NCDP and CHF investigators in conjunction with MIPO, who administers the survey, codes the data, and produces the frequency tables.
On-axis self-calibration of angle measurement errors in precision rotary encoders
Creators: name: Graetz, Richard J
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Incremental angle encoders are widely used in industry as a standard sensor to measure rotational axis angular position and velocity. The best commercially available angle encoders have achieved measurement accuracy on the order of 1 arc-sec with proper installation. Higher-accuracy encoders are needed to measure rotational axis angular position and velocity in ultra-precision rotary table based manufacturing and measurement applications. One specific application is to enable the development of maskless lithography technology used for mass manufacture of next generation semiconductors. In order to achieve accuracy well below 1 arc-sec, repeatable errors in the encoder measurement need to be removed through a calibration process. Numerous high-accuracy encoder calibration techniques have been developed, but the fundamental problem of calibrating angle encoders remains unsolved; their calibration results cannot be directly applied to the manufacturing machine. Existing calibration methods involve calibrating the encoder on a specially designed angle comparator, but the calibrated error is useless after transferring the encoder back to its application axis, due to the sensitivity of error on the installation. Other calibration methods capable of calibrating the encoder on its application axis cannot determine all the encoder error harmonics. There still does not exist a calibration method to quickly calibrate an angle encoder on its application axis, providing all encoder error harmonics. In this thesis the development of a Time-measurement Dynamic Reversal (TDR) encoder calibration technique is presented and its accuracy is validated, through simulation and experiment, and shown to improve encoder accuracy to the thousandth of an arc-sec level. The accuracy of this method is analyzed in detail, and an accuracy limitation based purely on measurement repeatability identified. Through experiments performed on a custom-built precision rotary table, experimental accuracy of several thousandths of an arc-sec is validated through uncertainty analysis and spindle radial error motion comparison. A comparison with the industry standard, the Equal Division Averaged (EDA) calibration method, shows agreement within 0.01 arc-sec for error harmonics not multiple of four. Due to the missing multiple of four harmonics, the EDA method is found to be 0.3 arc-sec less accurate than the TDR method in calibrating this experimental setup.
Multiple episodes of star formation in the CN15/16/17 molecular complex
Creators: name: Gennaro, M.
name: Bik, A.
name: Brandner, W.
name: Stolte, A.
name: Rochau, B.
name: Beuther, H.
name: Gouliermis, D.
name: Tackenberg, J.
name: Kudryavtseva, N.
name: Hussmann, B.
name: Schuller, F.
name: Henning, Th.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have started a campaign to identify massive star clusters inside bright molecular bubbles towards the Galactic Center. The CN15/16/17 molecular complex is the first example of our study. The region is characterized by the presence of two young clusters, DB10 and DB11, visible in the NIR, an ultra-compact HII region identified in the radio, several young stellar objects visible in the MIR, a bright diffuse nebulosity at 8μm coming from PAHs and sub-mm continuum emission revealing the presence of cold dust. Given its position on the sky (l=0.58, b=-0.85) and its kinematic distance of ~7.5 kpc, the region was thought to be a very massive site of star formation in proximity of the CMZ. The cluster DB11 was estimated to be as massive as 10^4 M_sun. However the region's properties were known only through photometry and its kinematic distance was very uncertain given its location at the tangential point. We aimed at better characterizing the region and assess whether it could be a site of massive star formation located close to the Galactic Center. We have obtained NTT/SofI JHKs photometry and long slit K band spectroscopy of the brightest members. We have additionally collected data in the radio, sub-mm and mid infrared, resulting in a quite different picture of the region. We have confirmed the presence of massive early B type stars and have derived a spectro-photometric distance of ~1.2 kpc, much smaller than the kinematic distance. Adopting this distance we obtain clusters masses of M(DB10) ~ 170 M_sun and M(DB11) ~ 275 M_sun. This is consistent with the absence of any O star, confirmed by the excitation/ionization status of the nebula. No HeI diffuse emission is detected in our spectroscopic observations at 2.113μm, which would be expected if the region was hosting more massive stars. Radio continuum measurements are also consistent with the region hosting at most early B stars.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics. Fig. 1 and 3 presented in reduced resolution
Phenomenology of anomaly-mediated supersymmetry breaking scenarios with non-minimal flavour violation
Creators: name: Fuks, Benjamin
name: Herrmann, Björn
name: Klasen, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In minimal anomaly-mediated supersymmetry breaking models, tachyonic sleptons are avoided by introducing a common scalar mass similar to the one introduced in minimal supergravity. This may lead to non-minimal flavour-violating interactions, e.g., in the squark sector. In this paper, we analyze the viable anomaly-mediated supersymmetry breaking parameter space in the light of the latest limits on low-energy observables and LHC searches, complete our analytical calculations of flavour-violating supersymmetric particle production at hadron colliders with those related to gluino production, and study the phenomenological consequences of non-minimal flavour violation in anomaly-mediated supersymmetry breaking scenarios at the LHC. Related cosmological aspects are also briefly discussed.
description: 23 pages, 17 figures, 3 tables
Programming Internet Telephony Services
Creators: name: Rosenberg, Jonathan D.
name: Lennox, Jonathan
name: Schulzrinne, Henning G.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1999
Subjects: Computer science

description: Internet telephony enables a wealth of new service possibilities. Traditional telephony services, such as call forwarding, transfer, and 800 number services, can be enhanced by interaction with email, web, and directory services. Additional media types, like video and interactive chat, can be added as well. One of the challenges in providing these services is how to effectively program them. Programming these services requires decisions regarding where the code executes, how it interfaces with the protocols that deliver the services, and what level of control the code has. In this paper, we consider this problem in detail. We develop requirements for programming Internet telephony services, and we show that at least two solutions are required --- one geared for service creation by trusted users (such as administrators), and one geared for service creation by untrusted users (such as consumers). We review existing techniques for service programmability in the Internet and in the telephone network,and extract the best components of both. The result is a Common Gateway Interface (CGI) that allows trusted users to develop services, and the Call Processing Language (CPL) that allows untrusted users to develop services.
Barleria (sect. Fissimura) Dominique Champluvier 2011
Creators: name: Champluvier, Dominique
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Acanthaceae
Barleria

description:  5. A vicariant pair in sect. Fissimura – Our novelty B. pauciflora is similar and closely related to Barleria neurophylla, a species described by Clarke (1900) from D.R.Congo. There is no isotype nor any identified material of that species in BR where it has hitherto been overlooked as being a species from Central Africa. The holotype (Carson s.n., K) comes from Kavala Island, in the Congolese part of Tanganyika Lake. There is a second Congolese collection from the western shore of the lake, Kässner 3048 (K). B. neurophylla is endemic from that part of the lake and from the next Mahali mountains, a small range fringing the eastern shore of the lake in Tanzania (fig. 11). B. neurophylla is very closely related to B. pauciflora and has the same ecology, also growing in gallery forests, but several minor differences in characters and the disjunct distribution of the two taxa justify their treatment as distinct species. They may be considered as vicariant taxa. Several specimens of B. neurophyll a were found in K and a duplicate from K in the unidentified material of BR. As B. neurophylla is placed by Balkwill & Balkwill (1997) in sect. Fissimura, B. pauciflora should be placed there as well. It is an unarmed plant, with bracteoles never spinous, and a corolla with 4 + 1 configuration.
description: Published as part of Dominique Champluvier, 2011, New and overlooked Acanthaceae taxa from D. R. Congo, Rwanda and Burundi: (1) the genus Barleria, pp. 82-95 in Plant Ecology and Evolution 144 (1) on page 91, DOI: 10.5091/plecevo.2011.388, http://zenodo.org/record/1486150
description: {"references": ["Clarke C. B. (1900) Acanthaceae. Flora of Tropical Africa 5: 1 - 262.", "Balkwill M. - J., Balkwill K. (1997) Delimitation and infrageneric classification of Barleria (Acanthaceae). Kew Bulletin 52: 535 - 573. [available at http: // www. jstor. org / pss / 4110286]"]}
Repeated games with observation costs
Creators: name: Miyagawa, Eiichi
name: Miyahara, Yasuyuki
name: Sekiguchi, Tadashi
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Economics

description: This paper analyzes repeated games in which it is possible for players to observe the other players' past actions without noise but it is costly. One's observation decision itself is not observable to the other players, and this private nature of monitoring activity makes it difficult to give the players proper incentives to monitor each other. We provide a sufficient condition for a feasible payoff vector to be approximated by a sequential equilibrium when the observation costs are sufficiently small. We then show that this result generates an approximate Folk Theorem for a wide class of repeated games with observation costs. The Folk Theorem holds for a variant of prisoners' dilemma, partnership games, and any games in which the players have an ability to "burn" small amounts of their own payoffs.
Some Thoughts on Japan's Financial Mess
Creators: name: Patrick, Hugh T.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1993
Subjects: Finance
Economics

description: Today I want to discuss several related topics dealing with the Japanese economy and financial system. First, as a prologue I consider the growth prospects of the Japanese economy during the next 4 - 5 years. Second, a related issue which will be the main focus of my speech, one of the serious problems that the Japanese economy faces and will continue to face in the next few years is that of non-performing loans of the banking system. Their current "financial mess" will be the main theme of my talk today.
Measuring Baryon Acoustic Oscillations on 21 cm intensity fluctuations at moderate redshifts
Creators: name: Mao, Xiao-Chun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After reionization, emission in the 21 cm hyperfine transition provides a direct probe of neutral hydrogen distributed in galaxies. Different from galaxy redshift surveys, observation of baryon acoustic oscillations in the cumulative 21 cm emission may offer an attractive method for constraining dark energy properties at moderate redshifts. Keys to this program are techniques to extract the faint cosmological signal from various contaminants, such as detector noise and continuum foregrounds. In this paper, we investigate the possible systematic and statistical errors in the acoustic scale estimates using ground-based radio interferometers. Based on the simulated 21 cm interferometric measurements, we analyze the performance of a Fourier-space, light-of-sight algorithm in subtracting foregrounds, and further study the observing strategy as a function of instrumental configurations. Measurement uncertainties are presented from a suite of simulations with a variety of parameters, in order to have an estimate of what behaviors will be accessible in the future generation of hydrogen surveys. We find that 10 separate interferometers, each of which contains $\sim 300$ dishes, observes an independent patch of the sky and produces an instantaneous field-of-view of $\sim 100$ $\rm deg^2$, can be used to make a significant detection of acoustic features over a period of a few years. Compared to optical surveys, the broad bandwidth, wide field-of-view and multi-beam observation are all unprecedented capabilities of low-frequency radio experiments.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures, published version
Table-driven Rules in Expert Systems
Creators: name: Pasik, Alexander J.
name: Schor, Marshall
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1983
Subjects: subject: Computer science
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The structure and organization of expert systems can be usefully modeled after corresponding human experts. Often this modeling degrades because of insufficient expressive power in production system languages. Relational table techniques provide additional abstraction capabilities and are useful in extending the expressiveness of production system rules; the resulting systems can be easier to build, understand and debug because they can reflect more accurately human methods of reasoning. The number of superfluous rules is reduced by organizing much of the problem domain knowledge in relations in working memory. The relational table methods also provide a tool for the interfacing of knowledge bases and databases.
MOESM1 of Down-regulated of SREBP-1 in circulating leukocyte is a risk factor for atherosclerosis: a case control study
Creators: name: Peng, Chunyan
name: Lei, Pan
name: Li, Xiandong
name: Xie, Huaqiang
name: Yang, Xiaowen
name: Zhang, Tao
name: Cao, Zheng
name: Zhang, Jicai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Primer sequences used for qPCR. Table S2. Pearson/Spearman correlation coefficients between circulating leukocyte SREBP-1, SREBP-2 and CAD risk factors in controls. Table S3. Baseline and clinical characteristics of the participants. Table S4. Pearson/Spearman correlation coefficients between plasma mir-33 and CAD risk factors in all participants tested for miR-33. Table S5. Clinical characteristics and SREBP mRNA in CAD with different chronic pathological conditions. Figure S1. The flow charts of the study. A, flow chart of case-control trials; B, flow chart of the in vitro study. Figure S2. The flow charts of sample size calculation. Figure S3. 12 Carotid plaques from CAD patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy.
Questionário - Como os Profissionais de TI Utilizam a IA Generativa?
Creators: name: Santos, Patrícia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description:  Questionário (survey) da pesquisa "Como os Profissionais de TI Utilizam a IA Generativa?" 
Autores: Santos, Patrícia e Chamon, Allan.
O questionário foi disponibilizado para resposta em https://forms.gle/YP43k22SnR3XwYVMA
 no período de 30/10/2023 a 09/11/2023.
Tailoring Isothermal Redox Properties of Calcium-based Perovskites
Creators: name: Yu, Ningyu
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: perovskite
subject: redox cycles
subject: Chemical-Looping Combustion
subject: Energy
subject: Engineering--Environmental
subject: Materials Science

description: Perovskite structured (ABO3) redox materials are highly attractive for the advancement of a variety of sustainable processes such as Chemical Looping Combustion (CLC), thermochemical fuel production, etc. Apart from the state-of-the-art materials that require extreme synthesis and reaction conditions such as high temperature, simple perovskites that can operate at comparatively lower temperatures and are carbon resistant are strongly desired. This challenge was undertaken in the present thesis, and for this purpose, CaMnO3 and its Fe substituted analogues were chosen. Isothermal redox properties of this material were investigated at various selected temperatures from 600°C to 900°C, demonstrating up to 15 cycles of consistent oxygen release/uptake capacity, with no noticeable amount of carbon deposition under any conditions used in the present study. Structural and compositional variations were monitored at different stages using SEM, EDS and wide angle XRD.
Dense monoenergetic proton beams from chirped laser-plasma interaction
Creators: name: Galow, Benjamin J.
name: Salamin, Yousef I.
name: Liseykina, Tatyana V.
name: Harman, Zoltan
name: Keitel, Christoph H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interaction of a frequency-chirped laser pulse with single protons and a hydrogen plasma cell is studied analytically and by means of particle-in-cell simulations, respectively. Feasibility of generating ultra-intense (10^7 particles per bunch) and phase-space collimated beams of protons (energy spread of about 1 %) is demonstrated. Phase synchronization of the protons and the laser field, guaranteed by the appropriate chirping of the laser pulse, allows the particles to gain sufficient kinetic energy (around 250 MeV) required for such applications as hadron cancer therapy, from state-of-the-art laser systems of intensities of the order of 10^21 W/cm^2.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Was wollen wir evaluieren, und was wollen wir damit erreichen?
Creators: name: Rusiecka-Pommer, Barbara
Publisher: name: KULTEC – Magazin für Technik, Kultur und Museumsarbeit
Year: 2023

description: KULTEC – Magazin für Technik, Kultur und Museumsarbeit, Bd. 3 (2023): KULTEC – Magazin für Technik, Kultur und Museumsarbeit
supplementary material from A matter of time: Bateman's principles and mating success as count and duration across social strata in contemporary Finland
Creators: name: Andersson, Linus
name: Jalovaara, Marika
name: Saarela, Jan
name: Uggla, Caroline
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 60801
subject: Animal Behaviour

description: Contains further analyses and description of the data
Growth and electronic and magnetic structure of iron oxide films on Pt(111)
Creators: name: Spiridis, N.
name: Wilgocka-Ślȩzak, D.
name: Freindl, K.
name: Figarska, B.
name: Giela, T.
name: Młyńczak, E.
name: Strzelczyk, B.
name: Zajac, M.
name: Korecki, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultrathin (111)-oriented polar iron oxide films were grown on a Pt(111) single crystal either by the reactive deposition of iron or oxidation of metallic iron monolayers. These films were characterized using low energy electron diffraction, scanning tunneling microscopy and conversion electron Mossbauer spectroscopy. The reactive deposition of Fe led to the island growth of Fe3O4, in which the electronic and magnetic properties of the bulk material were modulated by superparamagnetic size effects for thicknesses below 2 nm, revealing specific surface and interface features. In contrast, the oxide films with FeO stoichiometry, which could be stabilized as thick as 4 nm under special preparation conditions, had electronic and magnetic properties that were very different from their bulk counterpart, wüstite. Unusual long range magnetic order appeared at room temperature for thicknesses between three and ten monolayers, the appearance of which requires severe structural modification from the rock-salt structure.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures, 50 references
Gutes tun für die Zukunft:
Creators: name: Pomp, Constanze N.
Publisher: name: KULTEC – Magazin für Technik, Kultur und Museumsarbeit
Year: 2023

description: KULTEC – Magazin für Technik, Kultur und Museumsarbeit, Bd. 3 (2023): KULTEC – Magazin für Technik, Kultur und Museumsarbeit
Neurophysiological and diffusion tensor imaging correlates of mild traumatic brain injury in children
Creators: name: King, Regan
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience

description: Children typically recover quickly following a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), however up to 15% of children continue to experience symptoms past three months post injury. Currently, underlying mechanisms of persistent post-concussive symptoms (PPCS) in children are unknown. The present thesis uses transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to characterize the structural and functional characteristics of PPCS in 98 children (aged 8-18) with mTBI, over time. The Post-concussive Symptom Inventory (PCSI) was used to classify post-concussive symptoms in participants as symptomatic or asymptomatic. Twenty-six healthy controls were included for comparison. Neurophysiological data assessing cortical inhibition and facilitation were evaluated alongside symptom status. Associations between symptom status and DTI measures of water diffusion and anisotropy were also assessed in the corticospinal tract (CST), motor fibers of the corpus callosum (CC), and uncinate fasciculus (UF). Differences in neurophysiology were noted between healthy controls and children with mTBI in both inhibitory and excitatory TMS paradigms, further differentiating by symptom status. Differences in inhibitory paradigms were also noted over time. Fractional anisotropy (FA) differed as well in the UF, but not in the CST or CC, of symptomatic children compared to controls. No differences in diffusion metrics were observed over time. In summary, these findings suggest an indirect association of neurophysiology and white matter structure in mTBI recovery. Further exploration of neurophysiological and imaging correlates of PPCS are required to improve recovery and treatment outcomes of mTBI.
Geschichte und Gegenwart des Automobilbaus
Creators: name: Kube, Kristin
Publisher: name: KULTEC – Magazin für Technik, Kultur und Museumsarbeit
Year: 2023

description: KULTEC – Magazin für Technik, Kultur und Museumsarbeit, Bd. 3 (2023): KULTEC – Magazin für Technik, Kultur und Museumsarbeit
Counterexamples in Optimal Quadrature
Creators: name: Werschulz, Arthur G.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1983
Subjects: subject: Computer science
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is widely believed that order of exactness is a good measure of the quality of an algorithm for numerical quadrature. We show that this is not the case, by exhibiting a situation in which the optimal algorithm does not even integrate constants exactly. We also show that there are situations in which the penalty for using equidistant nodes is unbounded. Finally, we show that the complexity of obtaining an ε-approximation can be an arbitrary function of ε, i.e., there is no hardest quadrature problem.
Expected Patterns in Permutation Classes
Creators: name: Homberger, Cheyne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the set of all patterns in $S_n$, it is clear that each k-pattern occurs equally often. If we instead restrict to the class of permutations avoiding a specific pattern, the situation quickly becomes more interesting. Miklós Bóna recently proved that, surprisingly, if we consider the class of permutations avoiding the pattern 132, all other non-monotone patterns of length 3 are equally common. In this paper we examine the class $\Av (123)$, and give exact formula for the occurrences of each length 3 pattern. While this class does not break down as nicely as $\Av (132)$, we find some interesting similarities between the two and prove that the number of 231 patterns is the same in each.
'What Colour are You?': FBI Counter-Intelligence and the Targeting of White Hate and Black Extremist Groups in the 1960s
Creators: name: Stieva, Katelyn
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Federal Bureau of Investigation
subject: Counter-Intelligence
subject: COINTELPRO
subject: Ku Klux Klan
subject: Black Panther Party
subject: North Carolina
subject: 1960s
subject: Black Extremism
subject: White Hate
subject: History
subject: History--Modern
subject: History--Black
subject: History--United States
subject: Political Science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Ethnic and Racial Studies

description: From 1954 until 1972, the Federal Bureau of Investigations operated a sustained counter-intelligence program (COINTELPRO) against subversive organizations including Black Extremist groups like the Black Panther Party and White Hate groups like the Ku Klux Klan. With a mandate to neutralize the activities and minimize the risk of violence posed by the targeted organizations, COINTELPRO was one of the largest and most invasive domestic counter-intelligence programs ever run in the United States. Considering the size and breath of targets identified by COINTELPRO, this study examines the extent to which the Bureau demonstrated differential behaviour when targeting Black Extremist groups versus White Hate groups and explores why such differential behaviour existed. Based upon an analysis of COINTELPRO documents, the results suggest that despite having the same mandate to neutralize threats posed by subversive organizations, the interpretation of neutralization was distinctly different for White Hate groups versus Black Extremism. In COINTELPRO-White Hate operations, the neutralization of threat was achieved through controlling and containing the activities of the target organization. In COINTELPRO-Black Extremism operations, however, neutralization was achieved through eliminating the target organization. This fundamental difference in how Bureau agents interpreted their mandate naturally created a difference in operational methods and outcomes that are also addressed in this study. Explaining the differential behaviour by the Bureau lies in understanding the relationship between the targeted organizations, the purpose of COINTELPRO as a program, and the political orientation of the Bureau during this time period. While Black Extremist organizations such as the Black Panther Party firmly fit within the established image of subversive organizations due to their political orientation, White Hate organizations like the Klan did not, and as a result, were never considered as substantial a threat within the Bureau. This ambivalence towards the political orientation of White Hate organizations yielded COINTELPRO operations that not only failed to fully neutralize the threat posed by these groups, but allowed alternate, and potentially more dangerous, White Hate organizations to flourish well beyond the cancellation of COINTELPRO in 1972.
Laue lenses for hard X-/soft Gamma-rays: new prototype results
Creators: name: Virgilli, E.
name: Frontera, F.
name: Valsan, V.
name: Liccardo, V.
name: Carassiti, V.
name: Evangelisti, F.
name: Squerzanti, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results obtained with the new Laue lens prototype built in the LARIX facility in the Physics Department of University of Ferrara. Following the results of the first prototype presented at the SPIE conference in Marseille, and also thanks to the methods adopted for improving the prototype (SPIE conference in San Diego, Ferrari et al. 2009) here we present the results of the new prototype with improved performances in terms of point spread function (PSF) and spectral response.
description: 9 pages,8 figures. Paper presented at the SPIE conference in San Diego, August 2011, on "Optics for EUV, X-ray, and Gamma-Ray Astronomy". To be published in the Proceedings of SPIE, vol. 8147, 2011
Habitability of Earth-type Planets and Moons in the Kepler-16 System
Creators: name: Quarles, Billy
name: Musielak, Zdzislaw E.
name: Cuntz, Manfred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that habitable Earth-mass planets and moons can exist in the Kepler-16 system, known to host a Saturn-mass planet around a stellar binary, by investigating their orbital stability in the standard and extended habitable zone (HZ). We find that Earth-mass planets in satellite-like (S-type)orbits are possible within the standard HZ in direct vicinity of Kepler-16b, thus constituting habitable exomoons. However, Earth-mass planets cannot exist in planetary-like (P-type) orbits around the two stellar components within the standard HZ. Yet, P-type Earth-mass planets can exist superior to the Saturnian planet in the extended HZ pertaining to considerably enhanced back-warming in the planetary atmosphere if facilitated. We briefly discuss the potential detectability of such habitable Earth-mass moons and planets positioned in satellite and planetary orbits, respectively. The range of inferior and superior P-type orbits in the HZ is between 0.657 to 0.71 AU and 0.95 to 1.02 AU, respectively.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures, 1 table; Astrophysical Journal (in press)
Restructuring an Industry During Transition: A Two-Period Model
Creators: name: Ericson, Richard E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1996
Subjects: Economics

description: This paper develops the two-period model of enterprise shutdown during transition that was introduced in Ericson (1994). Its purpose is to provide a formal basis for the study of what Kornai (1994) has called the "transformation of the real structure of the economy" during the transition process. It focuses at the industry level of restructuring, taking a normative, industrial policy, perspective.