cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Exact joint likelihood of pseudo-$C_\ell$ estimates from correlated Gaussian cosmological fields
Creators: name: Upham, Robin E.
name: Whittaker, Lee
name: Brown, Michael L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present the exact joint likelihood of pseudo-$C_\ell$ power spectrum estimates measured from an arbitrary number of Gaussian cosmological fields. Our method is applicable to both spin-0 fields and spin-2 fields, including a mixture of the two, and is relevant to Cosmic Microwave Background, weak lensing and galaxy clustering analyses. We show that Gaussian cosmological fields are mixed by a mask in such a way that retains their Gaussianity, without making any assumptions about the mask geometry. We then show that each auto- or cross-pseudo-$C_\ell$ estimator can be written as a quadratic form, and apply the known joint distribution of quadratic forms to obtain the exact joint likelihood of a set of pseudo-$C_\ell$ estimates in the presence of an arbitrary mask. Considering the polarisation of the Cosmic Microwave Background as an example, we show using simulations that our likelihood recovers the full, exact multivariate distribution of $EE$, $BB$ and $EB$ pseudo-$C_\ell$ power spectra. Our method provides a route to robust cosmological constraints from future Cosmic Microwave Background and large-scale structure surveys in an era of ever-increasing statistical precision.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures. Updated to match accepted version
Closed orbits and their bifurcations in the crossed-fields hydrogen atom
Creators: name: Bartsch, T.
name: Main, J.
name: Wunner, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A systematic study of closed classical orbits of the hydrogen atom in crossed electric and magnetic fields is presented. We develop a local bifurcation theory for closed orbits which is analogous to the well-known bifurcation theory for periodic orbits and allows identifying the generic closed-orbit bifurcations of codimension one. Several bifurcation scenarios are described in detail. They are shown to have as their constituents the generic codimension-one bifurcations, which combine into a rich variety of complicated scenarios. We propose heuristic criteria for a classification of closed orbits that can serve to systematize the complex set of orbits.
Moyal Quantization for Constrained System
Creators: name: Hori, Takayuki
name: Koikawa, Takao
name: Maki, Takuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Moyal quantization for the constrained system. One of the purposes is to give a proper definition of the Wigner-Weyl(WW) correspondence, which connects the Weyl symbols with the corresponding quantum operators. A Hamiltonian in terms of the Weyl symbols becomes different from the classical Hamiltonian for the constrained system, which is related to the fact that the naively constructed WW correspondence is not one-to-one any more. In the Moyal quantization a geometrical meaning of the constraints is clear. In our proposal, the 2nd class constraints are incorporated into the definition of the WW correspondence by limiting the phasespace to the hypersurface. Even though we assume the canonical commutation relations in the formulation, the Moyal brackets between the Weyl symbols yield the same results as those for the constrained system derived by using the Dirac bracket formulation.
description: 25 pages
Corporate aging and investment decisions
Creators: name: Berchtold, Demian
Publisher: name: Universität Bern
Year: 2014
Subjects: 650 Management & public relations

description: Paper I: Corporate aging and internal resource allocation Abstract Various observers argue that established firms are at a disadvantage in pursuing new growth opportunities. In this paper, we provide systematic evidence that established firms allocate fewer resources to high-growth lines of business. However, we find no evidence of inefficient resource allocation in established firms. Redirecting resources from high-growth to low-growth lines of business does not result in lower profitability. Also, resource allocation towards new growth opportunities does not increase when managers of established firms are exposed to takeover and product market threats. Rather, it seems that conservative resource allocation strategies are driven by pressures to meet investors’ expectations. Our empirical evidence, thus, favors the hypothesis that established firms wisely choose to allocate fewer resources to new growth opportunities as external pressures force them to focus on efficiency rather than novelty (Holmström 1989). Paper II: Corporate aging and asset sales Abstract This paper asks whether divestitures are motivated by strategic considerations about the scope of the firm’s activities. Limited managerial capacity implies that exploiting core competences becomes comparatively more attractive than exploring new growth opportunities as firms mature. Divestitures help stablished firms free management time and increase the focus on core competences. The testable implication of this attention hypothesis is that established firms are the main sellers of assets, that their divestiture activity increases when managerial capacity is scarcer, that they sell non-core activities, and that they return the divestiture proceeds to the providers of capital instead of reinvesting them in the firm. We find strong empirical support for these predictions. Paper III: Corporate aging and lobbying expenditures Abstract Creative destruction forces constantly challenge established firms, especially in competitive markets. This paper asks whether corporate lobbying is a competitive weapon of established firms to counteract the decline in rents over time. We find a statistically and economically significant positive relation between firm age and lobbying expenditures. Moreover, the documented age-effect is weaker when firms have unique products or operate in concentrated product markets. To address endogeneity, we use industry distress as an exogenous nonlegislative shock to future rents and show that established firms are relatively more likely to lobby when in distress. Finally, we provide empirical evidence that corporate lobbying efforts by established firms forestall the creative destruction process. In sum, our findings suggest that corporate lobbying is a competitive weapon of established firms to retain profitability in competitive environments.
Geometric Structure Extraction and Reconstruction
Creators: name: Wu, Shihao
name: Make_name_string Expected Hash Reference
Publisher: name: Universität Bern
Year: 2018
Subjects: 000 Computer science, knowledge & systems
510 Mathematics
070 News media, journalism & publishing

description: Geometric structure extraction and reconstruction is a long-standing problem in research communities including computer graphics, computer vision, and machine learning. Within different communities, it can be interpreted as different subproblems such as skeleton extraction from the point cloud, surface reconstruction from multi-view images, or manifold learning from high dimensional data. All these subproblems are building blocks of many modern applications, such as scene reconstruction for AR/VR, object recognition for robotic vision and structural analysis for big data. Despite its importance, the extraction and reconstruction of a geometric structure from real-world data are ill-posed, where the main challenges lie in the incompleteness, noise, and inconsistency of the raw input data. To address these challenges, three studies are conducted in this thesis: i) a new point set representation for shape completion, ii) a structure-aware data consolidation method, and iii) a data-driven deep learning technique for multi-view consistency. In addition to theoretical contributions, the algorithms we proposed significantly improve the performance of several state-of-the-art geometric structure extraction and reconstruction approaches, validated by extensive experimental results.
AdaCompress: Adaptive Compression for Online Computer Vision Services
Creators: name: Li, Hongshan
name: Guo, Yu
name: Wang, Zhi
name: Xia, Shutao
name: Zhu, Wenwu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: With the growth of computer vision based applications and services, an explosive amount of images have been uploaded to cloud servers which host such computer vision algorithms, usually in the form of deep learning models. JPEG has been used as the {\em de facto} compression and encapsulation method before one uploads the images, due to its wide adaptation. However, standard JPEG configuration does not always perform well for compressing images that are to be processed by a deep learning model, e.g., the standard quality level of JPEG leads to 50\% of size overhead (compared with the best quality level selection) on ImageNet under the same inference accuracy in popular computer vision models including InceptionNet, ResNet, etc. Knowing this, designing a better JPEG configuration for online computer vision services is still extremely challenging: 1) Cloud-based computer vision models are usually a black box to end-users; thus it is difficult to design JPEG configuration without knowing their model structures. 2) JPEG configuration has to change when different users use it. In this paper, we propose a reinforcement learning based JPEG configuration framework. In particular, we design an agent that adaptively chooses the compression level according to the input image's features and backend deep learning models. Then we train the agent in a reinforcement learning way to adapt it for different deep learning cloud services that act as the {\em interactive training environment} and feeding a reward with comprehensive consideration of accuracy and data size. In our real-world evaluation on Amazon Rekognition, Face++ and Baidu Vision, our approach can reduce the size of images by 1/2 -- 1/3 while the overall classification accuracy only decreases slightly.
description: ACM Multimedia
Saemundssonia (Saemundssonia) haematopi
Creators: name: Ilieva, Mihaela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Psocodea
Philopteridae
Saemundssonia
Saemundssonia haematopi

description: Saemundssonia (Saemundssonia) haematopi (Linnaeus, 1758)
 Report: [1] Touleshkov (1964b).
 Host: Haematopus ostralegus L. [1].
 Distribution in Bulgaria: Burgas [1].
description: Published as part of Ilieva, Mihaela, 2009, Checklist of the chewing lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) from wild birds in Bulgaria, pp. 1-66 in Zootaxa 2138 (1) on page 43, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2138.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5314302
Advancement of estimation fidelity in continuous quantum measurement
Creators: name: Diosi, Lajos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate an unknown qubit from the long sequence of n random polarization measurements of precision Delta. Using the standard Ito-stochastic equations of the aposteriori state in the continuous measurement limit we calculate the advancement of fidelity. We show that the standard optimum value 2/3 is achieved asymptotically for n >> Delta^2 / 96 >> 1. We append a brief derivation of novel Ito-equations for the estimate state.
description: 12 pp LaTeX
Effect of Na doping on flux pinning of YBa1.9Na0.1Cu3O7-d
Creators: name: Ding, S. Y.
name: Leng, X.
name: Qiu, L.
name: Wang, Z. H.
name: Luo, H.
name: Liu, Y.
name: Zhang, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have prepared Na-doped YBa2Cu3Oy (YBa1.9Na0.1Cu3Oy +40mol%Y211) (YBNCO) and Na-free YBa2Cu3Oy (YBCO) samples by the Melt-Textured Growth (MTG) method to study the effect of doped Na ion on flux pinning. The ac susceptibility curves (acs) as well as the hysteresis loops were measured for the samples. Then the effective pinning energy (U(T,Hdc,J)), irreversibility line (Hirr(T)) and critical current density (jc(Hdc)) were determined, where T, Hdc and J are temperature, dc magnetic field and current density, respectively. We found that, with Na doping, the Hirr(T) line shifted to lower temperature while the Jc(Hdc) and U(T,Hdc,J) became smaller. It indicates that the Na ions play a negative role in the flux pinning of YBCO. The appearance of the second peak in the Jc(Hdc) curves and the enhancement of anisotropy in YBNCO further support this finding.
description: 7 pages, 7figures. Submited to Physica. C
TVID 2: Evaluation of planar-type three-loop self-energy integrals with arbitrary masses
Creators: name: Bauberger, Stefan
name: Freitas, Ayres
name: Wiegand, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present TVID 2, a program to numerically evaluate an important class of planar three-loop self-energy master integrals with arbitrary masses. As with the predecessor version (TVID 1) the integrals are separated into a known piece, containing the UV divergencies, and a finite piece that is integrated numerically, implemented in C. The set of master integrals under consideration was found with self-energy diagrams containing two closed fermion loops in mind. Two techniques are employed in deriving the expressions for the finite pieces that are then numerically integrated: (a) Sub-loop dispersion relations in the case of topologies containing sub-bubbles, and (b) a modification of the procedure suggested by Ghinculov for integrals with only sub-loop triangles.
description: 26 pages, 3 figures, 5 tables. Code available at http://www.pitt.edu/~afreitas/
Equity Redemption: Issues and Alternatives for Farmer Cooperatives
Creators: name: Cobia, David W.
name: Royer, Jeffrey S.
name: Wissman, Roger A.
name: Smith, Dennis Paul
name: Davidson, Donald R.
name: Lurya, Stephen D.
name: Mather, J. Warren
name: Brown, Phillip F.
name: Krueger, Kenneth P.
name: Cobia, David W.
name: Royer, Jeffrey S.
name: Wissman, Roger A.
name: Smith, Dennis Paul
name: Davidson, Donald R.
name: Lurya, Stephen D.
name: Mather, J. Warren
name: Brown, Phillip F.
name: Krueger, Kenneth P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Cooperatives
subject: Finance
subject: Equity redemption
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Tax

description: Cooperatives are under increasing pressure to redeem the equities of former and overinvested patrons. This report discusses the issues concerning equity redemption and describes alternative equity redemption plans and methods that can be used to improve or facilitate redemption. Trade-offs between cash patronage refunds, redemption, and growth are examined, and methods for distributing cash benefits to patrons are compared. Legal and tax aspects and board responsibilities are reviewed, and the influences of federated cooperatives and lending institutions are considered. The impact of proposed mandatory redemption programs is evaluated, and procedures for adopting a voluntary redemption program are detailed.
MOESM1 of Learning from beautiful monsters: phylogenetic and morphogenetic implications of left-right asymmetry in ammonoid shells
Creators: name: Jattiot, Romain
name: Fara, Emmanuel
name: Brayard, Arnaud
name: SÃ©Verine Urdy
name: Goudemand, Nicolas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) picture of the inner whorls and the protoconch of the left side assigned to Hildoceras semipolitum.
Saemundssonia (Saemundssonia) kratochvili Balat 1950
Creators: name: Ilieva, Mihaela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Psocodea
Philopteridae
Saemundssonia
Saemundssonia kratochvili

description: Saemundssonia (Saemundssonia) kratochvili Balát, 1950
 Report: [1] Touleshkov (1964b).
 Host: Gallinago gallinago (L.) [1].
 Distribution in Bulgaria: Chelopechene, Dolni Bogrov (Sofia Region) [1].
description: Published as part of Ilieva, Mihaela, 2009, Checklist of the chewing lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) from wild birds in Bulgaria, pp. 1-66 in Zootaxa 2138 (1) on pages 43-44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2138.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5314302
Achieving the depairing limit along $c$ axis in Fe$_{1+y}$Te$_{1-x}$Se$_x$ single crystals
Creators: name: Sun, Yue
name: Ohnuma, Haruka
name: Ayukawa, Shin-ya
name: Noji, Takashi
name: Koike, Yoji
name: Tamegai, Tsuyoshi
name: Kitano, Haruhisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the achieving of depairing current limit along $c$-axis in Fe$_{1+y}$Te$_{1-x}$Se$_x$ single crystals. A series of crystals with $T_{\rm{c}}$ ranging from 8.6 K to 13.7 K (different amount of excess Fe, $y$) were fabricated into $c$-axis bridges with a square-micrometer cross-section. The critical current density, $J_{\rm{c}}$, was directly estimated from the transport current-voltage measurements. The transport $J_{\rm{c}}$ reaches a very large value, which is about one order of magnitude larger than the depinning $J_{\rm{c}}$, but comparable to the calculated depairing $J_{\rm{c}}$ $\sim$ 2 $\times$ 10$^6$ A/cm$^2$ at 0 K, based on the Ginzburg-Landau (GL) theory. The temperature dependence of the depairing $J_{\rm{c}}$ follows the GL-theory ($\propto$ (1-$T/T_{\rm{c}}$)$^{3/2}$) down to $\sim$ 0.83 $T_{\rm{c}}$, then increases with a reduced slope at low temperatures, which can be qualitatively described by the Kupriyanov-Lukichev theory. Our study provides a new route to understand the behavior of depairing $J_{\rm{c}}$ in iron-based superconductors in a wide temperature range.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
MOESM8 of Unravelling the complex nature of resilience factors and their changes between early and later adolescence
Creators: name: J. Fritz
name: J. Stochl
name: E. Fried
name: I. Goodyer
name: C. Borkulo
name: P. Wilkinson
name: A.-L. Harmelen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 8. Correlations and regularized partial correlations between the RFs and the general distress factor.
Consequence of Enterprise Resource Planning in the Environs of Pedagogical Organization
Creators: name: Science, Journal Of Scholastic Engineering
name: Vasudendra H K
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 130205 Humanities and Social Sciences Curriculum and Pedagogy (excl. Economics, Business and Management)
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: The application of Enterprise Resource Planning in the prefecture of academic institution, in which it integrated all the academic functions in an individual platform, it was eradicated the external and internal loses, which are by and large being associated with students, faculties, principal andsupporting staff of an institution. Here an attempt to install educational SAP software, which integrates and provides the common platform for all the members across the institution. And the principal accesses all the data which is being come out by different departments in respect of student punctuality, absenteeism of the student, faculty’s regularity and irregularity to the college and many more. In this work ERP software played an imperative role to enable the academic functions more effectively and efficiently.
Strings, Branes and Extra Dimensions
Creators: name: Forste, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This review is devoted to strings and branes. Firstly, perturbative string theory is introduced. The appearance of various types of branes is discussed. These include orbifold fixed planes, D-branes and orientifold planes. The connection to BPS vacua of supergravity is presented afterwards. As applications, we outline the role of branes in string dualities, field theory dualities, the AdS/CFT correspondence and scenarios where the string scale is at a TeV. Some issues of warped compactifications are also addressed. These comprise corrections to gravitational interactions as well as the cosmological constant problem.
description: 238 pages, latex (latex master.tex), references added
MOESM9 of Unravelling the complex nature of resilience factors and their changes between early and later adolescence
Creators: name: J. Fritz
name: J. Stochl
name: E. Fried
name: I. Goodyer
name: C. Borkulo
name: P. Wilkinson
name: A.-L. Harmelen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 9. The stability of the expected influence (EI) coefficients and the accuracy of the ‘RF-RF’ and ‘RF-general distress’ interrelations.
R markdown from Jeans and language: kin networks and reproductive success are associated with the adoption of outgroup norms
Creators: name: He, Qiao-Qiao
name: Yu, Jie-Ru
name: Tang, Song-Hua
name: Wang, Ming-Yang
name: Wu, Jia-Jia
name: Chen, Yuan
name: Tao, Yi
name: Ji, Ting
name: Mace, Ruth
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310901
subject: Animal behaviour

description: R markdown
Electron Heating by Debye-Scale Turbulence in Guide-Field Reconnection
Creators: name: Khotyaintsev, Yu. V.
name: Graham, D. B.
name: Steinvall, K.
name: Alm, L.
name: Vaivads, A.
name: Johlander, A.
name: Norgren, C.
name: Li, W.
name: Divin, A.
name: Fu, H. S.
name: Hwang, K. -J.
name: Ahmadi, N.
name: Contel, O. Le
name: Gershman, D. J.
name: Russell, C. T.
name: Torbert, R. B.
name: Burch, J. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report electrostatic Debye-scale turbulence developing within the diffusion region of asymmetric magnetopause reconnection with moderate guide field using observations by the Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS) mission. We show that Buneman waves and beam modes cause efficient and fast thermalization of the reconnection electron jet by irreversible phase mixing, during which the jet kinetic energy is transferred into thermal energy. Our results show that the reconnection diffusion region in the presence of a moderate guide field is highly turbulent, and that electrostatic turbulence plays an important role in electron heating.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Comparing Consumer Preferences for Livestock Production Process Attributes Across Products, Species, and Modeling Methods
Creators: name: Olynk Widmar, Nicole J.
name: Ortega, David L.
name: Olynk Widmar, Nicole J.
name: Ortega, David L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: animal welfare
subject: attribute nonattendance
subject: consumer demand
subject: random parameters logit

description: Consumer preferences for four livestock products were investigated to determine consumer willingness to pay (WTP) for livestock production process attributes. We use an inferred method of attribute nonattendance (ANA) using the coefficient of variation on individual specific parameter estimates to assess the variability of preference intensity for various product characteristics. We find that accounting for ANA did not significantly impact mean estimates of WTP. Implications of our findings on the reliability of existing work in the area of consumer preferences for animal welfare attributes are discussed.
Semiclassical quantization of the hydrogen atom in crossed electric and magnetic fields
Creators: name: Bartsch, T.
name: Main, J.
name: Wunner, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The S-matrix theory formulation of closed-orbit theory recently proposed by Granger and Greene is extended to atoms in crossed electric and magnetic fields. We then present a semiclassical quantization of the hydrogen atom in crossed fields, which succeeds in resolving individual lines in the spectrum, but is restricted to the strongest lines of each n-manifold. By means of a detailed semiclassical analysis of the quantum spectrum, we demonstrate that it is the abundance of bifurcations of closed orbits that precludes the resolution of finer details. They necessitate the inclusion of uniform semiclassical approximations into the quantization process. Uniform approximations for the generic types of closed-orbit bifurcation are derived, and a general method for including them in a high-resolution semiclassical quantization is devised.
What I Learned from 35 Years of Mistakes
Creators: name: Anderson, Kim B.
name: Anderson, Kim B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: There is no success without errors. Three keys to success are to learn from your errors, to learn from successful people, and to have mentors or role models whose advice and counsel you may follow to minimize errors. It takes more than knowledge and skill to develop a successful Cooperative Extension program. Programs need to be research-based, part of a team effort, and may involve using research and extension programs conducted and developed by others.
On the spectra of mapping classes and the 4-genera of positive knots
Creators: name: Liechti, Nicola Livio
Publisher: name: Universität Bern
Year: 2017
Subjects: 510 Mathematics

description: Roughly, this thesis can be divided into three parts. In the first part, we study the Galois conjugates of the dilatation of pseudo-Anosov mapping classes. In particular, for a product of two multitwists, we show that all Galois conjugates are either real and positive or contained in the unit circle and the positive real axis, depending on whether the products are of opposite or of the same sign. Furthermore, for each closed orientable surface, we determine the minimal dilatation among pseudo-Anosov mapping classes arising from Penner's construction. In the second part, we consider the Alexander polynomial and the signature function of links. For a Murasugi sum of two Seifert surfaces with symmetric, definite Seifert form, we show that all zeroes of the Alexander polynomial are either real and positive or contained in unit circle and the negative real axis, depending on whether the Seifert forms are definite of opposite or the same sign. Furthermore, we prove that the signature function of a Murasugi sum of two Seifert surfaces with symmetric, definite Seifert form is monotonic. We also show that the signature of a positive arborescent Hopf plumbing is greater than or equal to two thirds of the first Betti number. In the third part, we study the topological four-genus of positive braid knots. We show that the difference of the ordinary Seifert genus and the topological four-genus grows at least linearly with the positive braid index. In particular, we show that the positive braid knots for which the topological four-genus equals the ordinary Seifert genus are exactly the positive braid knots with maximal signature invariant.
Saemundssonia (Saemundssonia) lari
Creators: name: Ilieva, Mihaela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Psocodea
Philopteridae
Saemundssonia
Saemundssonia lari

description: Saemundssonia (Saemundssonia) lari (Fabricius [O.], 1780)
 Reports: [1] Touleshkov (1959b); [2] Touleshkov (1960a); [3] Touleshkov (1961a); [4] Touleshkov (1964a).
 Synonyms: Saemundssonia gennei Touleschkov [1, 2, 3]; Saemundssonia congener Giebel [2]; Saemundssonia lariargentati Touleschkov [1, 2, 3]; Saemundssonia muelleri Eichler [2, 4]; Saemundssonia timmermanni Touleschkov [1, 2]; Saemundssonia waterstoni Timmermann [2, 3].
 Hosts: Larus cachinnans Pallas [1, 2, 3]; L. canus L. [2]; L. genei Bréme [1, 2, 3]; L. melanocephalus Temminck [1, 2]; L. minutus Pallas [2, 3]; L. ridibundus L. [2, 4].
 Distribution in Bulgaria: Burgas, Kardzhali, Varna, Tsarevo [1]; Burgas, Evksinovgrad, Varna, Varna Region, Sofia Region, Tsarevo, Sofia, Popina (Silistra Region), Iskar River near Sofia [2]; Burgas, Tsarevo, Gorno Ezerovo (Burgas Region) [3]; Pazardzhik [4].
description: Published as part of Ilieva, Mihaela, 2009, Checklist of the chewing lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) from wild birds in Bulgaria, pp. 1-66 in Zootaxa 2138 (1) on page 44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2138.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5314302
A Diagrammatic Interpretation of the Boltzmann Equation
Creators: name: Carrington, M. E.
name: Defu, Hou
name: Kobes, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study nonlinear response in weakly coupled nonequilibrium $ϕ^4$ theory in the context of both classical transport theory and real time quantum field theory, based on a generalized Kubo formula which we derive. A novel connection between these two approaches is established which provides a diagrammatic interpretation of the Boltzmann equation.
description: 5 pages in RevTex with 4 Postscript figures
Radiative decays in charmonium beyond the p/m approximation
Creators: name: Bruschini, R.
name: González, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the theoretical description of radiative decays in charmonium. We use an elementary emission decay model to build the most general electromagnetic transition operator. We show that accurate results for the widths can be obtained from a simple quark potential model reasonably fitting the spectroscopy if the complete form of the operator is used instead of its standard p/m approximation and the experimental masses are properly implemented in the calculation.
description: 16 pages, 7 tables
Saemundssonia (Saemundssonia) lobaticeps
Creators: name: Ilieva, Mihaela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Psocodea
Philopteridae
Saemundssonia
Saemundssonia lobaticeps

description: Saemundssonia (Saemundssonia) lobaticeps (Giebel, 1874)
 Reports: [1] Touleshkov (1960a); [2] Touleshkov (1964a).
 Host: Chlidonias niger (L.) [1, 2].
 Distribution in Bulgaria: Sofia, Varna [1]; Plovdiv, Popovitsa (Plovdiv Region) [2].
description: Published as part of Ilieva, Mihaela, 2009, Checklist of the chewing lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) from wild birds in Bulgaria, pp. 1-66 in Zootaxa 2138 (1) on page 44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2138.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5314302
MOESM7 of Unravelling the complex nature of resilience factors and their changes between early and later adolescence
Creators: name: J. Fritz
name: J. Stochl
name: E. Fried
name: I. Goodyer
name: C. Borkulo
name: P. Wilkinson
name: A.-L. Harmelen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 7. RF network results without the general distress variable as well as RF network results with the general distress variable.
Dynamical Charge Susceptibility in the Hubbard Model
Creators: name: Dong, Xinyang
name: Chen, Xi
name: Gull, Emanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the dynamical charge susceptibility in the two-dimensional Hubbard model within the dynamical cluster approximation. In order to understand the connection between charge susceptibility and pseudogap, we investigate the momentum, doping, and temperature dependence. We find that as a function of frequency, the dynamical charge susceptibility is well represented by a single peak at a characteristic frequency. It shows little momentum or temperature dependence, while the doping dependence is more evident, and no clear signature of the pseudogap is observed. Data for the doping evolution of the static susceptibility and for fluctuation diagnostics are presented. Our susceptibilities should be directly measurable in future Momentum-resolved electron energy-loss spectroscopy experiments.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
BGnet: Accurate and rapid background estimation in single-molecule localization microscopy with deep neural nets
Creators: name: Möckl, Leonhard
name: Roy, Anish R.
name: Petrov, Petar N.
name: Moerner, W. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Background fluorescence, especially when it exhibits undesired spatial features, is a primary factor for reduced image quality in optical microscopy. Structured background is particularly detrimental when analyzing single-molecule images for 3D localization microscopy or single-molecule tracking. Here, we introduce BGnet, a deep neural network with a U-net-type architecture, as a general method to rapidly estimate the background underlying the image of a point source with excellent accuracy, even when point spread function (PSF) engineering is in use to create complex PSF shapes. We trained BGnet to extract the background from images of various PSFs and show that the identification is accurate for a wide range of different interfering background structures constructed from many spatial frequencies. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the obtained background-corrected PSF images, both for simulated and experimental data, lead to a substantial improvement in localization precision. Finally, we verify that structured background estimation with BGnet results in higher quality of super-resolution reconstructions of biological structures.
description: 50 pages, 20 figures
Magnetoresistance and Hall Effect in the Ferromagnetic Semiconductor GaMnAs
Creators: name: Edmonds, K W
name: Campion, R P
name: Wang, K-Y
name: Neumann, A C
name: Gallagher, B L
name: Foxon, C T
name: Main, P C
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The resistivity, temperature, and magnetic field dependence of the anomalous Hall effect in a series of metallic Ga1-xMnxAs thin films with 0.015=
description: 3 pages, 4 figures, MMM conference proceedings
Associated production of Higgs and single top at hadron colliders
Creators: name: Maltoni, F.
name: Paul, K.
name: Stelzer, T.
name: Willenbrock, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the production of the Higgs boson in association with a single top quark at hadron colliders. The cross sections for the three production processes (t-channel, s-channel, and W-associated) at both the Tevatron and the LHC are presented. We investigate the possibility of detecting a signal for the largest of these processes, the t-channel process at the LHC, via the Higgs decay into b b-bar. The QCD backgrounds are large and difficult to curb, hindering the extraction of the signal. Extensions of our analysis to the production of supersymmetric Higgs bosons are also addressed. The cross section is enhanced for large values of tangent beta, increasing the prospects for extracting a signal.
description: 22 pages, 13 figures
Spin-Valley Polarized Quantum Anomalous Hall Effect and a Valley-Controlled Half Metal in Bilayer Graphene
Creators: name: Zhai, Xuechao
name: Blanter, Yaroslav M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate topological phases of bilayer graphene subject to antiferromagnetic exchange field, interlayer bias, and irradiated by light. We discover that at finite bias and light intensity the system transitions into a previously unknown spin-valley polarized quantum anomalous Hall (SVP-QAH) insulator state, for which the subsystem of one spin is a valley Hall topological insulator (TI) and that of the other spin is a QAH insulator. We assess the TI phases occurring in the system by analytically calculating the spin-valley dependent Chern number, and characterize them by considering edge states in a nanoribbon. We demonstrate that the SVP-QAH edge states lead to a unique spin rectification effect in a domain wall. Along the phase boundary, we observe a bulk half-metal state with Berry's phase of 2π.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Der Zusammenhang zwischen Spatial-Suppression, Mental-Speed und psychometrischer Intelligenz
Creators: name: Thomas, Philipp
Publisher: name: Universität Bern
Year: 2017
Subjects: 150 Psychology
370 Education

description: Spatial-Suppression beschreibt das Phänomen, dass die Bewegung eines visuellen Stimulus mit zunehmender Stimulusgrösse schwieriger zu erkennen ist. Gemäss Melnick, Harrison, Park, Bennetto und Tadin (2013) steht Spatial-Suppression in starkem positiven Zusammenhang mit psychometrischer Intelligenz (r = .64 und .71). Sie konnten zeigen, dass intelligentere Personen die Bewegung von kleinen Stimuli schneller wahrnehmen (einen höheren Mental-Speed aufweisen) und die Bewegung von grossen Stimuli langsamer wahrnehmen (stärker unterdrücken) als weniger intelligente Personen. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, zu prüfen, ob sich die Befunde von Melnick et al. mit einer grossen Stichprobe (N = 177) bestätigen lassen und inwiefern Spatial-Suppression eine neuartige Erklärungsmöglichkeit für Intelligenzunterschiede liefert, welche nicht bereits der Mental-Speed-Ansatz bietet. Während die Analysen auf manifester Ebene die Resultate von Melnick et al. nicht bestätigen konnten (r = .00), zeigte sich auf latenter Ebene ein schwacher bis mittlerer negativer Effekt zwischen der Spatial-Suppression-Aufgabe und psychometrischer Intelligenz (β = -.23). Weiterführende Analysen haben darauf hingedeutet, dass nicht wie von Melnick et al. vermutet das Ausmass an Spatial-Suppression mit psychometrischer Intelligenz zusammenhing, sondern die grundlegende Geschwindigkeit, mit der bewegte Stimuli wahrgenommen werden. Diese grundlegende Geschwindigkeit hing dabei nicht mit Mental-Speed zusammen und konnte einen eigenständigen Varianzanteil in psychometrischer Intelligenz erklären. Die vorliegenden Resultate stehen im Gegensatz zu den Annahmen und Ergebnissen von Melnick et al., weshalb zukünftige Untersuchungen zeigen müssen, ob der Spatial-Suppression-Ansatz zur Erklärung individueller Intelligenzunterschiede geeignet ist oder nicht.
MOESM5 of Unravelling the complex nature of resilience factors and their changes between early and later adolescence
Creators: name: J. Fritz
name: J. Stochl
name: E. Fried
name: I. Goodyer
name: C. Borkulo
name: P. Wilkinson
name: A.-L. Harmelen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 5. Part A: Rationale for using factor scores, instead of sum scores. Part B: Model specifications and model fit for the three estimated invariance levels of the categorical longitudinal confirmatory factor analyses for the resilience factors and the distress index, as well as box-and-whisker plots with individual data points for the resulting factor scores.
Saemundssonia (Saemundssonia) melanocephalus
Creators: name: Ilieva, Mihaela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Psocodea
Philopteridae
Saemundssonia
Saemundssonia melanocephalus

description: Saemundssonia (Saemundssonia) melanocephalus (Burmeister, 1838)
 Reports: [1] Touleshkov (1960a); [2] Touleshkov (1961a).
 Host: Sterna albifrons Pallas [1, 2].
 Distribution in Bulgaria: Burgas [1, 2].
description: Published as part of Ilieva, Mihaela, 2009, Checklist of the chewing lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) from wild birds in Bulgaria, pp. 1-66 in Zootaxa 2138 (1) on page 44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2138.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5314302
The Most Beautiful Equation!
Creators: name: Aranovsky, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: For centuries, mathematics has been trapped in a labyrinth of chaotic approximations, led astray by symbols such as **π**, **e**, and Euler’s equation. These constants, long revered for their elegance, are nothing more than artifacts of infinite series, recursive approximations, and transcendental chaos. Humanity, in its ignorance, has built entire paradigms around these false idols—worshipping instability as though it were divine truth.  

 

In this paper, we reveal the **true circle constant**, **ח = √2 + √3 ≈ 3.146264369941972**, arising directly from the equation:  

x² + (1/x)² = 10

 

This is not an approximation of **π**. It is **a perfect, exact constant**, born from **geometric necessity**, with no residuals, no infinite expansions, and no divergence. Unlike **π**, which spirals endlessly into transcendental chaos, **ח** closes the circle perfectly. It is finite, deterministic, and unbreakable—a foundation for circular geometry and beyond.  

 

We declare the **end of idol worship**. The age of chaotic expansion is over. **Geometric necessity and truth** have returned to restore order, balance, and perfection.
Trade Liberalization Policy and Competitiveness of Cocoa Beans Exports in Nigeria (1961-2017)
Creators: name: Obi-Egbedi, Ogheneruemu
name: Hussayn, Jamiu Ayomide
name: Oluwatayo, Isaac Busayo
name: Obi-Egbedi, Ogheneruemu
name: Hussayn, Jamiu Ayomide
name: Oluwatayo, Isaac Busayo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: cocoa
subject: competitiveness
subject: market share
subject: trade liberalization policy
subject: vector error correction model

description: The cocoa sector in Nigeria has experienced decline in production, yield, exports coupled with its inability to attain global standards and targets and, gradual loss of competitiveness at the world market. Trade liberalization was government’s panacea to the sector’s problem although, cocoa competitiveness remains an issue since liberalization. Therefore, the relationship between trade liberalization policy and competitiveness of Nigeria’s cocoa exports was examined in this study using data for the period 1961-2017. Cocoa market share was used to measure competitiveness while analytical tools employed were: ADF test, Johansen co-integration test and the vector error correction model (VECM). Market share, quantity of cocoa export and inflation rate were stationary at original level while others, at first difference. The co-integration test showed seven co-integrating equations. Trade liberalization policy was found to be an important driver of competitiveness. In addition, area harvested, production quantity and export quantity positively influenced competitiveness while world price of cocoa, interest rate on agricultural loans, exchange rate and trade liberalization influenced negatively. Therefore, appropriate trade policy formulation and implementation is recommended while, specific attention should be paid to monetary policies and cocoa production by the government.
description: DOI: 10.22630/PRS.2021.21.1.1
Light-Quark Vector Meson Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Donnachie, A
name: Kalashnikova, Yu S
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The current situation for vector meson spectroscopy is outlined, and it is shown that the data are inconsistent with the generally-accepted model for meson decay. A possible resolution in terms of exotic mesons is given. Although this resolves some of the issues, fresh theoretical questions are raised.
description: Plenary talk at HADRON2001, Protvino
Warped Schwarzian theory
Creators: name: Afshar, Hamid R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the (twisted) warped Virasoro group Diff($S^1$)$\ltimes$ C$^\infty$($S^1$) in the presence of its three cocycles. We compute the Kirillov-Kostant-Souriau symplectic 2-form on coadjoint orbits. We then construct the Euclidean action of the `warped Schwarzian theory' associated to the orbit with SL(2,$\mathbb{R}$)$\times$U(1) stabilizer as the effective theory of the reparametrization over the base circle and evaluate the corresponding one-loop-exact path integral. We further discuss thermodynamics of the wSch theory in comparison with the complex SYK model.
description: 20 pages, v2 typos corrected refs added, v3 added a new section on thermodynamics in comparison to the complex SYK
Bildungserfolg trotz Migrationshintergrund: Ressourcen von bildungserfolgreichen jungen Erwachsenen mit Migrationshintergrund in der Schweiz
Creators: name: Suter, Roman
Publisher: name: Universität Bern
Year: 2016
Subjects: 370 Education

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit den familiären, schulischen, sozialen und individuellen Ressourcen, die aus Sicht von bildungserfolgreichen Migrantinnen und Migranten zum Erreichen der Hochschul- bzw. Fachhochschulreife beigetragen haben. Auf dem Hintergrund der Schulleistungsforschung, psychologischer Modelle zur Erklärung von Bildungsentscheidungen und dem Resilienzkonzept wurden 41 Personen im Rahmen von leitfadengestützten problemzentrierten Interviews zu ihrer Bildungsbiografie befragt. Die Datenanalyse der transkribierten Interviews erfolgte im Rahmen einer inhaltlich strukturierenden qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse. Unter Einbezug von soziodemografischen Merkmalen der Stichprobe (Geschlecht, HISEI, ISCED, Migrationsstatus und besuchter Schultyp) wurden die qualitativen Ergebnisse weitergehenden Analysen zugeführt. Für den Bereich der Familie stellen sich die Orientierung an der Akkulturationsstrategie Integration, hohe Bildungsaspirationen der Eltern gekoppelt mit ausgeprägten schulischen Unterstützungsleistungen sowie vorhandene familiäre Vorbilder wie ältere Geschwister als zentrale Ressourcen für den Bildungserfolg der Befragten heraus. Im Bereich der schulischen Ressourcen schildern die Befragten gut durchmischte Klassen, ein positives Klassenklima sowie ein vertrauensvolles Verhältnis zu den Lehrpersonen als förderlich für ihre erfolgreiche Bildungsbiografie. Eine aktive Freizeitgestaltung im Sinne der Mitgliedschaft in Vereinen und dem Kontakt mit der einheimischen Bevölkerung sowie Kontakte mit anderen Personen mit Migrationshintergrund werden im Bereich der sozialen Ressourcen herausgestrichen. Hinsichtlich individueller Ressourcen verfügen die befragten Personen über gute Deutschkenntnisse, lernen primär aus Interesse an der Sache und weisen ein positives akademisches Selbstkonzept auf. Insgesamt wird die Familie als einflussreichste Ressource und Einflussfaktor für den Verlauf der eigenen Bildungsbiografie betrachtet.