cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Detecting, Isolating and Enforcing Dependencies Between and Within Test Cases
Creators: name: Bell, Jonathan Schaffer
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Computer science

description: Testing stateful applications is challenging, as it can be difficult to identify hidden dependencies on program state. These dependencies may manifest between several test cases, or simply within a single test case. When it's left to developers to document, understand, and respond to these dependencies, a mistake can result in unexpected and invalid test results. Although current testing infrastructure does not currently leverage state dependency information, we argue that it could, and that by doing so testing can be improved. Our results thus far show that by recovering dependencies between test cases and modifying the popular testing framework, JUnit, to utilize this information, we can optimize the testing process, reducing time needed to run tests by 62% on average. Our ongoing work is to apply similar analyses to improve existing state of the art test suite prioritization techniques and state of the art test case generation techniques. This work is advised by Professor Gail Kaiser.
MetFrag: Annotating "Unknowns" - Exposome Boot Camp 2020 Virtual Edition
Creators: name: Schymanski, Emma
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: MetFrag
Exposomics
CompTox
PubChem

description: The 2020 edition of the Exposome Boot Camp run by the Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health will be held online due to the current world situation. Further details are on the website. https://www.publichealth.columbia.edu/research/precision-prevention/exposome-boot-camp-measuring-exposures-omic-scale This record contains the slides for the MetFrag demonstration for the 2020 edition, plus the accompanying exercises and files needed. The organisers have agreed that this material can be made publicly available for others to use - enjoy! A huge thanks to my group and all collaborators throughout the years that have helped make this work possible.
Constraints on Hyperluminous QSO Lifetimes via Fluorescent Lya Emitters at Z~2.7
Creators: name: Trainor, Ryan F.
name: Steidel, Charles C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observations of a population of Lya emitters (LAEs) exhibiting fluorescent emission via the reprocessing of ionizing radiation from nearby hyperluminous QSOs. These LAEs are part of a survey at redshifts 2.5 < z < 2.9 combining narrow-band photometric selection and spectroscopic follow-up to characterize the emission mechanisms, physical properties, and three-dimensional locations of the emitters with respect to their nearby hyperluminous QSOs. These data allow us to probe the radiation field, and thus the radiative history, of the QSOs, and we determine that most of the 8 QSOs in our sample have been active and of comparable luminosity for a time 1 Myr < t_Q < 20 Myr. Furthermore, we find that the ionizing QSO emission must have an opening angle theta ~ 30 deg or larger relative to the line of sight.
description: Accepted to ApJL
title: Wireless Temperature Sensing with BST-Based Chipless Transponder Utilizing a Passive Phase Modulation Scheme
Creators: name: Mandel, Christian
name: Maune, Holger
name: Maasch, Matthias
name: Sazegar, Mohsen
name: Kubina, Bernd
name: Schüßler, Martin
name: Jakoby, Rolf
Publisher: name: De Gruyter
Year: 2011

description: A passive wireless temperature sensor with identification capabilities based on a phase modulation scheme is discussed in this paper. The approach presented utilizes a pulse backscatter technique based on slow wave (metamaterial) transmission lines. The focus of the work are the material engineering for the temperature-sensitive element and the integration of this element into a passive phase modulation circuit and the entire sensor tag. The approach makes use of temperature-sensitive bariumstrontium-titanate thick film capacitances. The discussed principle has been experimentally verified with a prototype.
Infrared conformality and bulk critical points: SU(2) with heavy adjoint quarks
Creators: name: Lucini, Biagio
name: Patella, Agostino
name: Rago, Antonio
name: Rinaldi, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The lattice phase structure of a gauge theory can be a serious obstruction to Monte Carlo studies of its continuum behaviour. This issue is particularly delicate when numerical studies are performed to determine whether a theory is in a (near-)conformal phase. In this work we investigate the heavy mass limit of the SU(2) gauge theory with Nf=2 adjoint fermions and its lattice phase diagram, showing the presence of a critical point ending a line of first order bulk phase transition. The relevant gauge observables and the low-lying spectrum are monitored in the vicinity of the critical point with very good control over different systematic effects. The scaling properties of masses and susceptibilities open the possibility that the effective theory at criticality is a scalar theory in the universality class of the four-dimensional Gaussian model. This behaviour is clearly different from what is observed for SU(2) gauge theory with two dynamical adjoint fermions, whose (near-)conformal numerical signature is hence free from strong-coupling bulk effects.
description: 28 pages, 19 figures, 14 tables. Typeset in JHEP style
A Comparative Investigation of Volatile Organic Compounds of Cattle Rumen Metabolites using HS-SPME and PoraPak-Q Odor Trapping Methods
Creators: name: Omondi, Victor O
name: Bosire, Geoffrey O
name: Onyari, John M
name: Getahun, Merid N
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: In the rapidly increasing field of metabolomic research, fast and accurate trapping of volatile odor compounds from biological samples is critical. Here a comparative evaluation of HS-SPME and PoraPak-Q adsorbent odor trapping methods followed by GC-MS analysis were used to determine volatile compounds in cattle rumen. Compared to the PoraPak-Q adsorbent, the HS-SPME method was more effective in trapping diverse metabolites including low molecular weight and highly volatile compounds such as carbon dioxide, acetic and butyric acid. Additionally, using the HS-SPME method, shorter trapping times were achieved (30 minutes) whilst the PoraPak-Q adsorbent required longer time extending beyond 1 hour for effective volatile trapping. In the context of metabolomics analysis from biological samples, the two different methods vary in determination of chemo-diversities, qualitatively and abundance of shared odor, and time required to trap odors, which are critical in such studies.
On the Observational Equivalence of Continuous-Time Deterministic and Indeterministic Descriptions
Creators: name: Werndl, Charlotte
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents and philosophically assesses three types of results on the observational equivalence of continuous-time measure-theoretic deterministic and indeterministic descriptions. The first results establish observational equivalence to abstract mathematical descriptions. The second results are stronger because they show observational equivalence between deterministic and indeterministic descriptions found in science. Here I also discuss Kolmogorov's contribution. For the third results I introduce two new meanings of `observational equivalence at every observation level'. Then I show the even stronger result of observational equivalence at every (and not just some) observation level between deterministic and indeterministic descriptions found in science. These results imply the following. Suppose one wants to find out whether a phenomenon is best modeled as deterministic or indeterministic. Then one cannot appeal to differences in the probability distributions of deterministic and indeterministic descriptions found in science to argue that one of the descriptions is preferable because there is no such difference. Finally, I criticise the extant claims of philosophers and mathematicians on observational equivalence.
Selbstbestimmte Kontrazeption im Wochenbett: Eine qualitative Befragung der Bedürfnisse von Eltern und qualifizierte Handlungsempfehlung für die Beratung
Creators: name: Gregory, Sharlen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Die aktuelle Beratungspraxis zeigt uneinheitliche Strategien zum Zeitpunkt und wie Eltern zur Kontrazeption im Wochenbett beraten werden. Beim Wochenbett handelt es sich um die ersten sechs Wochen nach einer Geburt. Es ist möglich, dass bereits im Wochenbett eine Folgeschwangerschaft eintritt. Die Bedürfnisse von Eltern zur Kontrazeptionsberatung für das Wochenbett wurden bis jetzt in der Literatur erst vereinzelt beschrieben. Der Fokus dieser qualitativen Master-Arbeit ist die Eruierung der Bedürfnisse der Eltern und die Formulierung einer qualifizierten Handlungsempfehlung zur Kontrazeptionsberatung für das Wochenbett. Die Forschungsfrage lautet: Wie gestaltet sich eine selbstbestimmte Entscheidungsfindung zur Kontrazeption im Wochenbett aus der Elternperspektive? Zur Beantwortung der Fragestellung wurden vier problemzentrierte Interviews mit sechs Eltern geführt. Die Interviews wurden mit der zusammenfassenden Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring ausgewertet. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass für eine klient*innenzentrierte Beratung die Individualität der einzelnen Eltern tragend ist. Zu den zentralen Ergebnissen gehört, dass die Familienplanung bekannt sein muss. Die Familienplanung hat zusammen mit den gestellten Anforderungen an ein Verhütungsmittel einen grossen Einfluss auf die Art der Kontrazeption. Weiter werden im Rahmen einer selbstbestimmten Entscheidungsfindung Ressourcen wie Erfahrungsaustausch mit dem sozialen Umfeld, bekannte Verhütungsstrategien oder Wissensbeschaffung im Internet, Büchern oder durch Fachpersonen genutzt. Informationen, die durch die Fachpersonen zur Verfügung gestellt werden, sollen nebst einer individuell passenden umfangreichen mündlichen Beratung auch eine einfach verständliche kostenfreie Broschüre und eine audio-visuelle Internetseite sein. Beide Medien sollen in verschiedenen Sprachen vorliegen. Damit Eltern selbstbestimmt entscheiden können, ob und wann sie Kinder haben möchten, muss bereits während der Schwangerschaft eine frühzeitige Beratung zur Kontrazeption im Wochenbett stattfinden. Es soll eine stressfreie Entscheidungsfindung ermöglicht werden. Fachpersonen müssen aktuelles Fachwissen vorweisen können und in der Beratung eine informierte Entscheidung der Eltern ermöglichen.
description: + Code Diss LU: hslusa mas sg + Fussnote: Master-Arbeit MAS Sexuelle Gesundheit im Bildungs-, Gesundheits- und Sozialbereich, Hochschule Luzern – Soziale Arbeit, 2020 + NL-Code: NLLUHSA202011
title: [Humanistische Sammelhandschrift]; 1508 - 1512
title: (VD) [Vers]. (1r) Baptista Mantuanus: Parthenice prima sive Mariana libri I-III. (97r) Baptista Guarinus: Elegia de virgine Alda. (100r) Publius Ovidius Naso: Ars amatoria (Exzerpte). (100v) Baptista Mantuanus: De contemnenda morte. (105v) [Namen und Begriffserläuterungen zu den neun Musen]. (107r) Baptista Mantuanus: Adulescentia. (170v) Gaius Valerius Catullus: Carmina (Auszüge). (171v) Albius Tibullus: Carmina (Auszüge). (175r) Sextus Propertius: Elegiae (Auszüge). (176v) Publius Vergilius Maro: Bucolica. (210r) Lucius Annaeus Seneca : [Exzerpte]. (212v) [Deutsche Nachträge]. (213r) Carmen Uodalrici Fabri Correnburgensis.
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Dirlin, Andreas
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2022

description: Papier. - Lokalisierende und datierende Schreibervermerke (95r, 96v, 100r und 170r)
Generalized Biwords for Bitext Compression and Translation Spotting
Creators: name: Sánchez-Martínez, Felipe
name: Carrasco, Rafael C.
name: Martínez-Prieto, Miguel A.
name: Adiego, Joaquin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Large bilingual parallel texts (also known as bitexts) are usually stored in a compressed form, and previous work has shown that they can be more efficiently compressed if the fact that the two texts are mutual translations is exploited. For example, a bitext can be seen as a sequence of biwords ---pairs of parallel words with a high probability of co-occurrence--- that can be used as an intermediate representation in the compression process. However, the simple biword approach described in the literature can only exploit one-to-one word alignments and cannot tackle the reordering of words. We therefore introduce a generalization of biwords which can describe multi-word expressions and reorderings. We also describe some methods for the binary compression of generalized biword sequences, and compare their performance when different schemes are applied to the extraction of the biword sequence. In addition, we show that this generalization of biwords allows for the implementation of an efficient algorithm to look on the compressed bitext for words or text segments in one of the texts and retrieve their counterpart translations in the other text ---an application usually referred to as translation spotting--- with only some minor modifications in the compression algorithm.
All-optical sensing of a single-molecule electron spin
Creators: name: Sushkov, A. O.
name: Chisholm, N.
name: Lovchinsky, I.
name: Kubo, M.
name: Lo, P. K.
name: Bennett, S. D.
name: Hunger, D.
name: Akimov, A.
name: Walsworth, R. L.
name: Park, H.
name: Lukin, M. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate an all-optical method for magnetic sensing of individual molecules in ambient conditions at room temperature. Our approach is based on shallow nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers near the surface of a diamond crystal, which we use to detect single paramagnetic molecules covalently attached to the diamond surface. The manipulation and readout of the NV centers is all-optical and provides a sensitive probe of the magnetic field fluctuations stemming from the dynamics of the electronic spins of the attached molecules. As a specific example, we demonstrate detection of a single paramagnetic molecule containing a gadolinium (Gd$^{3+}$) ion. We confirm single-molecule resolution using optical fluorescence and atomic force microscopy to co-localize one NV center and one Gd$^{3+}$-containing molecule. Possible applications include nanoscale and in vivo magnetic spectroscopy and imaging of individual molecules.
title: Перспектива применения органоминерального удобрения специального назначения Полидон Био Зерновой при выращивании озимой пшеницы
Creators: name: Семенюк, О.В.
Publisher: name: Горский государственный аграрный университет
Year: 2020
Subjects: озимая пшеница, органоминеральное удобрение, Полидон Био Зерновой, урожайность, белок

description: Среди большого ассортимента жидких комплексных удобрений, ставших неотъемлемой частью технологии возделывания многих сельскохозяйственных культур,  все чаще находят применение агрохимикаты целевого использования, состав которых подобран с учетом потребностей и физиологических особенностей развития конкретной культуры. Работа выполнена на экспериментальном поле отдела физиологии растений ФГБНУ «Северо-Кавказский ФНАЦ» в Шпаковском районе Ставропольского края. Объект исследований – мягкая озимая пшеница сорта Багира, высеваемая в оптимальные для региона сроки по предшественнику черный пар. Фон минерального питания: N60P60К60. Схема опыта включала варианты с предпосевной обработкой семян и комплексной обработкой вегетирующих растений в фазы весеннего кущения и колошения: Контроль (без  обработки); Полидон Био Зерновой 0,5 л/т (сем.); Полидон Био Зерновой 1,0 л/т (сем.); Полидон Био Зерновой по 0,5 л/га (кущение + колошение). Отмечено повышение урожайности по вариантам опыта на 3,5-6,3 ц/га или 5,7-10,3%. Наибольшая прибавка урожайности к контролю – 6,3 ц/га или 10,3%, получена при использовании Полидон Био Зерновой для предпосевной обработки семян в дозе 1,0 л/т. Установлено повышение содержания белка в зерне по вариантам опыта на 7,0-11,4%, а также достоверное увеличение массовой доли сырой клейковины в зерне к контролю – на 2,4%, при использовании комплексной листовой подкормки удобрением в фазы кущения и колошения культуры.
Evidence for Quasi-periodic X-Ray Dips from an Ultraluminous X-Ray Source: Implications for the Binary Motion
Creators: name: Pasham, Dheeraj R.
name: Strohmayer, Tod E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report results from long-term (approximately 1240 days) X-ray (0.3-8.0 keV) monitoring of the ultraluminous X-ray source NGC 5408 X-1 with the Swift/X-Ray Telescope. Here we expand on earlier work by Strohmayer (2009) who used only a part of the present data set. Our primary results are: (1) the discovery of sharp, quasi-periodic, energy-independent dips in the X-ray intensity that recur on average every 243 days, (2) the detection of an energy-dependent (variability amplitude decreases with increasing energy), quasi-sinusoidal X-ray modulation with a period of 112.6+-4 days the amplitude of which weakens during the second half of the light curve and (3) spectral evidence for an increase in photoelectric absorption during the last continuous segment of the data. We interpret the X-ray modulations within the context of binary motion in analogy to that seen in high-inclination accreting X-ray binaries. If correct, this implies that NGC 5408 X-1 is in a binary with an orbital period of 243+-23 days, in contrast to the 115.5 day quasi-sinusoidal period previously reported by Strohmayer (2009). We discuss the overall X-ray modulation within the framework of accretion via Roche lobe overflow of the donor star. In addition, if the X-ray modulation is caused by vertically structured obscuring material in the accretion disk, this would imply a high value for the inclination of the orbit. A comparison with estimates from accreting X-ray binaries suggests an inclination > 70 degrees. We note that, in principle, a precessing accretion disk could also produce the observed X-ray modulations.
description: Published in ApJ
Coaches’ perceptions of factors driving training adaptation:an international survey
Creators: name: Anyadike-Danes, Kechi
name: Donath, Lars
name: Kiely, John
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 321006
subject: Sport and exercise nutrition

description: Objective We surveyed coaches’ views on topics related to the training process to elucidate whether their opinions are aligned with the current literature. Here the results for a sub-set of questions regarding factors affecting the training adaptation process are presented and discussed. Methods 106 coaches [age range 18–65+years, 31% 15+years coaching, 58% individual-events/sports and 32% international level] from a number of countries completed a novel cross-sectional online survey about the planning of training and the training process. Results Only 28% of participants indicated that physical training was the most important factor in determining sport performance; whereas 99% indicated non-physical factors influence physical training response. The top five factors in modifying an athlete’s ability to physically adapt to a training plan, as rated ‘absolutely essential’, were ‘coach-athlete relationship’ (56%), ‘life stress’ (41%), ‘athletes’ belief in the plan’ (37%), ‘psychological and emotional stress’ (35%) and ‘physical training’ (33%). Conclusions Amongst coaches surveyed less than a third rated physical training as the most important factor in determining sports performance. Non-physical factors were acknowledged by the majority to exert an influence on physical training response and adaptation, despite the lack of discussion in training research, though there was no consensus on the relative importance of each individual factor. We echo previous sentiments that coaches need to be engaged in the research process. If training research continues as present the field runs the risk of not only becoming detached but increasingly irrelevant to those it is trying to help.
Characterization and HPLC Method Validation for Determination of Dopamine Hydrochloride in Prepared Nano Particles and Pharmacokinetic Application
Creators: name: S.L, Neha
name: Mishra, Ashwini Kumar
name: Rani, Laxmi
name: Verma, Suraj Pal
name: Sahoo, Pravat Kumar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: The emotional control monoamines neurotransmitter catecholamine group of chemicals is dopamine. It has been described and recognized that a lack of dopamine containing neurons contributes to neurological issues, such as Parkinsonism. Due to the incapability of dopamine HCl to cross the blood brain barrier, the advanced novel drug delivery of dopamine HCl is performed in the form of nano structure lipid carrier system (NLC-DOPA) to bypass the blood brain barrier using intranasal route of administration with improved compliance bioavailability and less side effect. The NLC-DOPA was prepared by the high pressure homogenizer ultra-probe sonicator and characterized by the particle size analyzer, zeta potential, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-Ray diffraction (XRD). The determination of dopamine hydrochloride in formulation was evaluated by drug entrapment efficiency further it is validated by analytical method development using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with C18 ODS column and 0.05 M KH2PO4 buffer pH 2.5 and Methanol (90:10) along with retention time 4.872 min at 280 nm wavelength. The method was validated for dopamine HCl in formulation with linearity, precision and recovery analysis. The study was shown that method was easy, rapid, accurate, specific and precise for quality analysis of dopamine HCl in NLC-DOPA formulation. The validated method of HPLC was further used for the biological application in term of the pharmacokinetic study to find out the concentration of drug in blood as well as brain. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated with help of the software PK solver 2.0 to determine the maximum concentration (Cmax), Maximum time (Tmax), Elimination half life (t1/2), Area under the curve (AUC0-t), volume of distribution (Vz/F_obs) and Clearance (Cl/F_obs) of all groups of animals (n=3). The study showed that the NLC-DOPA was producing a sustained and controlled release in appropriate amount of drug through intranasal bypass delivery into brain.
The star forming region Monoceros R2 as a gamma-ray source
Creators: name: Martí, Josep
name: Luque-Escamilla, Pedro L.
name: Muñoz-Arjonilla, Álvaro J.
name: Sánchez-Ayaso, Estrella
name: Munar-Adrover, Pere
name: Sánchez-Sutil, Juan R.
name: Romero, Gustavo E.
name: Paredes, Josep M.
name: Combi, Jorge A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. After the release of the gamma-ray source catalog produced by the Fermi satellite during its first two years of operation, a significant fraction of sources still remain unassociated at lower energies. In addition to well-known high-energy emitters (pulsars, blazars, supernova remnants, etc.) theoretical expectations predict new classes of gamma-ray sources. In particular, gamma-ray emission could be associated with some of the early phases of stellar evolution, but this interesting possibility is still poorly understood. Aims. The aim of this paper is to assess the possibility of the Fermi gamma-ray source 2FGL J0607.5-0618c being associated with the massive star forming region Monoceros R2. Methods. A multi-wavelength analysis of the Monoceros R2 region is carried out using archival data at radio, infrared, X-ray, and gamma-ray wavelengths. The resulting observational properties are used to estimate the physical parameters needed to test the different physical scenarios. Results. We confirm the 2FGL J0607.5-0618c detection with improved confidence over the Fermi two-year catalog. We find that a combined effect of the multiple young stellar objects in Monoceros R2 is a viable picture for the nature of the source.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, accepted in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Introduction to School and District Leadership in an Era of Accountability: Chapter 1
Creators: name: Barnett, Bruce
name: Shoho, Alan R.
name: Bowers, Alex J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Educational leadership
Education

description: Our fourth book in the International Research on School Leadership series focuses on school leadership in an era of high-stakes accountability. Fueled by sweeping federal education accountability reforms, such as No Child Left Behind (NCLB) and Race to the Top (RttT) in the United States and Australia’s Performance Measurement and Reporting Task Force, school systems around the world are being forced to increase academic standards, participate in high-stakes testing, and raise evaluation standards for teachers and principals. These results-driven reforms are intended to hold educators “accountable for student learning and accountable to the public” (Anderson, 2005, p.2). While policymakers and the public debate the merits of student achievement accountability measures, P-12 educational leaders do not have the luxury to wait for clear guidance and resources to improve their schools and operating systems. Instead, successful leaders must balance the need to create learning communities, manage the organizational climate, and encourage community involvement with the consequences testing has on teacher morale and public scrutiny. The chapters in this volume clearly indicate that school leaders attending to these potentially competing forces affects their problem-solving strategies, their ability to facilitate change, and encourage community involvement. 123 In soliciting manuscripts for this volume, we encouraged authors to explore successful leadership being practiced by building and district level leaders as external pressures to improve student achievement have increased. Our goal was to create an edited book that examines successful school and district leadership during the accountability era from multiple perspectives. Our call for manuscripts asked potential authors to consider these important questions: - How do educational leaders successfully manage the politics of accountability? - To what degree are innovation and creativity affected as accountability increases? - What are effective ways of maintaining staff morale and community involvement as the pressure to raise student achievement rises?- Why do some schools thrive during times of increasing accountability? - How has accountability shaped what schools and districts do to build leadership capacity, professional learning communities, and continuous improvement? - During the accountability era, how have school leadership practices changed? Have these changes led to improved student achievement? - How have school leaders used elements of accountability (e.g., transparency, testing, data disaggregation) to inform their practice? This first chapter in the book volume provides a brief overview of the theme of the book and then an introduction for each of the eleven chapters, with links to the full book.
Umgang mit Forschungsdaten beim Schreiben einer Dissertation. Forschungsdatenmanagement UB HI. Graduiertenzentrum.
Creators: name: Strauch, Annette
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: FDM
Forschungsdatenmanagement
RDM
Research Data Management
eScience
Universitätsbibliotheken
Forschung

description: Forschungsdatenmanagement für das Graduiertenzentrum der SUH.

 Die Promovierenden sind selbst für ihre Daten verantwortlich. Die UB Hildesheim unterstützt auch die Promovierenden zu allen Bereichen des FDM. Sobald im Kontext von Promotionsarbeiten Daten erhoben, verarbeitet und nachgenutzt werden, ergeben sich neue Aufgaben im Rahmen des Forschungsdatenmanagements (FDM).
Development and Validation of Rapid, Timesaving, and Cost- effective UHPLC Method for Simultaneous Quantification of Cinnarizine, its Five Specified Impurities, Two Degradation Products and Two Antioxidants
Creators: name: Mhaske, Deepak Krishna
name: Kumbhar, Arjun Shankar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This article explains the developed and validated rapid, timesaving, and cost-effective UHPLC method for simultaneous quantification of cinnarizine, its five specified impurities (Impurity-A to E), two degradation products (cinnamyl piperazine and benzhydrol), and two antioxidants (methylparaben and propylparaben). Furthermore, when coupled with a mass spectrometer, the proposed method provides additional advantages for confirmation of results and correct identification based on molecular weight. All analytes were eluted within 15 minutes on an ACQUITY, UPLC, BEH C18 (150 mm x 2.1 mm, 1.7 µm) column at 40.0°C by using two mobile phases containing different compositions of 10 mM ammonium acetate, acetonitrile, and acetic acid in gradient elution mode. The linearity curves of cinnarizine, its impurities, and degradation products showed good results in a correlation coefficient of 0.999 with a lower detection limit (0.1125 μg/ mL) and quantification limit (0.1875 μg/mL) at 230 nm. A forced degradation study on spiked and unspiked solutions proved their specificity with improvements and their significance. This proposed method involves a lower flow rate (0.35 mL/min.) with a shorter run time, which provides faster analysis, reduces wastage, reduces the cost, and specifies the greener advantages. The outcome of the validation as per ICH guidelines proved that the proposed UHPLC method is accurate, precise, and timesaving for simultaneous quantification of all analytes in active pharmaceutical ingredient, tablets, capsules, and oral suspension of cinnarizine.
A Strategic Framework for Devolving Responsibility and Functions from Government to the Private Sector
Creators: name: Cohen, Steven Alan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: Public administration
Public policy (Law)

description: Whether a function should be performed within or outside government is a very broad issue that relates to personal values and views concerning the relationship between individual and state, as well as a complex set of management issues. Without trying to answer those questions here, this article begins from the premise that a particular function has been judged by the political process to be the responsibility of government. The article seeks to develop an approach for government managers to use when deciding whether to perform the function directly in-house or to perform the function indirectly through the use of a non-governmental organization. The first part of this article begins by delineating distinguishing characteristics of government, nonprofit, and private organizations, and then assesses the degree to which those characteristics impede or facilitate the performance of public functions. The article then develops a framework and a method for making privatization decisions. The decision to privatize requires strategic thinking; this article provides an example of how a strategic framework might be applied by analyzing the issues that would be faced in privatizing a key element of New York City's homeless program.
Who Will Gain and Who Will Lose Influence under Different Electoral Rules
Creators: name: Spilerman, Seymour
name: Dickens, David
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1974
Subjects: subject: Proportional representation
subject: Direct election
subject: Social groups--Political aspects
subject: Electoral college
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: A number of proposals for electoral reform have been advanced, ranging from simple alterations of the present Electoral College system to comprehensive reformations such as adopting a district plan, proportional division of the electoral vote, or direct popular election of the president. In this paper we investigate how the influence of various social groups on the outcome of a presidential contest would be altered under each of the reform proposal.
title: Erdheim–Chester disease with extensive aortic involvement
Creators: name: Milheiro Rebelo, Gonçalo Afonso
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chest imaging
subject: Abdomen
subject: Anatomy
subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: CT
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 66-year-old man with no past medical follow-up for decades came to our emergency department complaining of worsening fatigue, dyspnea, orthopnea and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea. He referred to having these symptoms for years and that they became unbearable over the last couple of days. Blood scan showed normal leucocytes and elevated C-reactive protein.

description: 66 years, male
Characterization and HPLC Method Validation for Determination of Dopamine Hydrochloride in Prepared Nano Particles and Pharmacokinetic Application
Creators: name: Neha, S.L
name: Mishra, Ashwini Kumar
name: Rani, Laxmi
name: Verma, Suraj Pal
name: Sahoo, Pravat Kumar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: The emotional control monoamines neurotransmitter catecholamine group of chemicals is dopamine. It has been described and recognized that a lack of dopamine containing neurons contributes to neurological issues, such as Parkinsonism. Due to the incapability of dopamine HCl to cross the blood brain barrier, the advanced novel drug delivery of dopamine HCl is performed in the form of nano structure lipid carrier system (NLC-DOPA) to bypass the blood brain barrier using intranasal route of administration with improved compliance bioavailability and less side effect. The NLC-DOPA was prepared by the high pressure homogenizer ultra-probe sonicator and characterized by the particle size analyzer, zeta potential, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-Ray diffraction (XRD). The determination of dopamine hydrochloride in formulation was evaluated by drug entrapment efficiency further it is validated by analytical method development using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with C18 ODS column and 0.05 M KH2PO4 buffer pH 2.5 and Methanol (90:10) along with retention time 4.872 min at 280 nm wavelength. The method was validated for dopamine HCl in formulation with linearity, precision and recovery analysis. The study was shown that method was easy, rapid, accurate, specific and precise for quality analysis of dopamine HCl in NLC-DOPA formulation. The validated method of HPLC was further used for the biological application in term of the pharmacokinetic study to find out the concentration of drug in blood as well as brain. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated with help of the software PK solver 2.0 to determine the maximum concentration (Cmax), Maximum time (Tmax), Elimination half life (t1/2), Area under the curve (AUC0-t), volume of distribution (Vz/F_obs) and Clearance (Cl/F_obs) of all groups of animals (n=3). The study showed that the NLC-DOPA was producing a sustained and controlled release in appropriate amount of drug through intranasal bypass delivery into brain.
Discovery of a 7 mHz X-Ray Quasi-periodic Oscillation from the most Massive Stellar-mass Black Hole IC 10 X-1
Creators: name: Pasham, Dheeraj R.
name: Strohmayer, Tod E.
name: Mushotzky, Richard F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery with XMM-Newton of an approximately 7 mHz X-ray (0.3-10.0 keV) quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) from the eclipsing, high-inclination black hole binary IC 10 X-1. The QPO is significant at > 4.33 sigma confidence level and has a fractional amplitude (% rms) and a quality factor, Q, of approximately 11 and 4, respectively. The overall X-ray (0.3-10.0 keV) power spectrum in the frequency range 0.0001 - 0.1 Hz can be described by a power-law with an index of -2, and a QPO at 7 mHz. At frequencies > 0.02 Hz there is no evidence for significant variability. The fractional amplitude (rms) of the QPO is roughly energy-independent in the energy range of 0.3-1.5 keV. Above 1.5 keV the low signal to noise ratio of the data does not allow us to detect the QPO. By directly comparing these properties with the wide range of QPOs currently known from accreting black hole and neutron stars, we suggest that the 7 mHz QPO of IC 10 X-1 may be linked to one of the following three categories of QPOs: (1) the "heartbeat" mHz QPOs of the black hole sources GRS 1915+105 and IGR J17091-3624, or (2) the 0.6-2.4 Hz "dipper QPOs" of high-inclination neutron star systems, or (3) the mHz QPOs of Cygnus X-3.
description: Published in ApJ Letters
Reward Structures and Organizational Design: An Analysis of Institutions for the Elderly
Creators: name: Spilerman, Seymour
name: Litwak, Eugene
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1982
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: This article is concerned with issues of motivation and control of nursing home personnel to increase their responsiveness to the needs of elderly patients. The reward structures analyzed are (1) reimbursement schemes for homes and (2) supervisory arrangements for personal care workers. We point out some of the difficulties with existing organizational structures and suggest modifications to increase the influence of patients and their relatives.
A Feministic Journey And Constitutional Perspectives on Menstrual Leave Policy in India
Creators: name: Rassuli, Hasina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 440509
subject: Women's studies (incl. girls' studies)

description: This article provides an in-depth exploration of the evolution of feminism, underscoring its pivotal role in championing women's rights, promoting gender equality, and fostering empowerment. It meticulously examines the transformative impact of both the first and second waves of feminism on societal norms and legal frameworks, laying the foundation for sustained endeavors in realizing gender equality. The constitutional perspective on menstrual leave in India takes center stage, dissecting the "Golden Triangle" formed by Articles 14, 21, and 41. These constitutional provisions collectively recognize menstrual leave as a crucial step toward equal treatment, addressing the distinctive health needs of women. The intricate interplay of these articles acts as a protective shield around women's rights, cultivating a society where women can not only thrive intellectually but also stand on an equal footing. Additionally, the article delves into the historical significance of the Maternity Benefit Act of 1929, emphasizing the imperative of proactive measures for its effective application. It concludes by advocating for a cultural shift to overcome biases, fostering inclusivity, and striving towards a more equitable society.
Progenitor models of the electromagnetic transient associated with the short GRB 130603B
Creators: name: Hotokezaka, Kenta
name: Kyutoku, Koutarou
name: Tanaka, Masaomi
name: Kiuchi, Kenta
name: Sekiguchi, Yuichiro
name: Shibata, Masaru
name: Wanajo, Shinya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An electromagnetic transient powered by the radioactive decay of r-process elements, a so-called kilonova/macronova, is one of the possible observable consequences of compact binary mergers including at east one neutron star. Recent observations strongly suggest the first discovery of the electromagnetic transient, which is associated with the short GRB 130603B. We explore a possible progenitor of this event combining the numerical-relativity simulations and radiative transfer simulations of the dynamical ejecta of binary neutron star and black hole - neutron star mergers. We show that the ejecta models within a realistic parameter range consistently reproduce the observed near-infrared excess. We also show that the soft equation of state models for binary neutron star mergers and the stiff equation of state models for black hole - neutron star mergers are favored to reproduce the observed luminosity.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, submitted to ApJL
Development Towns in Israel: The Role of Community in Creating Ethnic Disparities in Labor Force Characteristics
Creators: name: Spilerman, Seymour
name: Habib, Jack
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1976
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: This paper investigates the contribution of community to ethnic stratification in Israel. We show that "development towns," a category of new settlements established to achieve population dispersal and immigrant absorption, have influenced (a) the areal distributions of different ethnic (country-of-origin) groups, (b) the tendency for each group to be concentrated in certain industries, and (c) the occupational opportunities available to the members of an ethnic population. We also review the relevance of this analysis for understanding ethnic stratification in America.
Effect of Delivered Dosage of Cigarette Smoke Toxins on the Levels of Urinary Biomarkers of Exposure
Creators: name: Meilikian, Assieh A.
name: Djordjevic, Mirjana V.
name: Chen, Shuquan
name: Richie, John
name: Stellman, Steven D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Epidemiology
Medical sciences

description: Urinary metabolites of tobacco smoke toxins are often used as biomarkers for the evaluation of active and passive exposure to cigarette smoke toxins. In a study of healthy smokers, we investigated concentrations of urinary biomarkers in relation to concentrations of selected toxins in mainstream cigarette smoke as determined by machine smoking of cigarettes in a manner that mimics an individual's smoking behavior (topography). Concentrations of nicotine, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone, and benzo(a)pyrene, in mainstream smoke determined under human smoking conditions, and their urinary metabolites cotinine, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol, and 1-hydroxypyrene were established for 257 individuals who smoked low-yield (0.1-0.8 mg Federal Trade Commission nicotine/cigarette; mean, 0.66; n = 87), medium-yield (0.9-1.2 mg nicotine/cigarette; mean, 1.1; n = 109), and high-yield cigarettes (nicotine, >1.3 mg nicotine/cigarette; mean, 1.41; n = 61). Levels of urinary metabolites expressed per unit of delivered parent compounds decreased with increased smoke emissions. In smokers of low-, medium-, and high-yield cigarettes, the respective cotinine (ng/mg creatinine)-to-nicotine (mg/d) ratios were 89.4, 77.8, and 57.1 (low versus high; P = 0.06); the 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (pmol/mg creatinine)-to-4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (ng/d) ratios were 0.81, 0.55, and 0.57 (low versus high; P = 0.05); and the 1-hydroxypyrene (pg/mg creatinine)-to-benzo(a)pyrene (ng/d) ratios were 1.55, 1.13, and 0.97 (low versus high; P = 0.008). Similarly, means of cotinine per unit of delivered nicotine in smokers who consumed <20 cigarettes per day was 3.5-fold higher than in those who smoked >20 cigarettes per day. Likewise, a negative correlation was observed between cotinine-to-nicotine ratios and delivered doses of nicotine in subgroups of smokers who used the identical brand of cigarette, namely a filter tip-vented Marlboro (r = −0.59), which is a popular brand among Euro-Americans, and Newport (r = −0.37), a menthol-flavored cigarette without filter tip vents that is preferred by African-Americans. Thus, the intensity of the exposures significantly affects the levels of urinary biomarkers of exposure and should be taken into account in the evaluation of human exposure to cigarette smoke toxins.
Strong Stability of Nash Equilibria in Load Balancing Games
Creators: name: Chen, Bo
name: Li, Song-Song
name: Zhang, Yu-Zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study strong stability of Nash equilibria in load balancing games of m (m >= 2) identical servers, in which every job chooses one of the m servers and each job wishes to minimize its cost, given by the workload of the server it chooses. A Nash equilibrium (NE) is a strategy profile that is resilient to unilateral deviations. Finding an NE in such a game is simple. However, an NE assignment is not stable against coordinated deviations of several jobs, while a strong Nash equilibrium (SNE) is. We study how well an NE approximates an SNE. Given any job assignment in a load balancing game, the improvement ratio (IR) of a deviation of a job is defined as the ratio between the pre- and post-deviation costs. An NE is said to be a r-approximate SNE (r >= 1) if there is no coalition of jobs such that each job of the coalition will have an IR more than r from coordinated deviations of the coalition. While it is already known that NEs are the same as SNEs in the 2-server load balancing game, we prove that, in the m-server load balancing game for any given m >= 3, any NE is a (5/4)-approximate SNE, which together with the lower bound already established in the literature yields a tight approximation bound. This closes the final gap in the literature on the study of approximation of general NEs to SNEs in load balancing games. To establish our upper bound, we make a novel use of a graph-theoretic tool.
description: 17 pages and 4 figures
title: Compact Devices for Complex Wave Monitoring for Tunable Impedance Matching Networks
Creators: name: Maune, Holger
name: Zheng, Yuliang
name: Sazegar, Mohsen
name: Giere, Andre
name: Jakoby, Rolf
Publisher: name: De Gruyter
Year: 2009

description: For the realization of tunable matching networks, different approaches based on functional materials or micromechanical devices with varying performances has been presented in the past. The dynamic control of these devices requires the measurement of the transmitted power. This paper evaluates different methods for adequate power measurement within the context of mobile communication devices in the frequency range of 500 MHz to 5 GHz. The circuits are analyzed and compared concerning their insertion loss, integrability, size and multiband-capability.