cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The foreground wedge and 21 cm BAO surveys
Creators: name: Seo, Hee-Jong
name: Hirata, Christopher M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Redshifted H{\sc\,i} 21 cm emission from unresolved low-redshift large scale structure is a promising window for ground-based Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) observations. A major challenge for this method is separating the cosmic signal from the foregrounds of Galactic and extra-Galactic origins that are stronger by many orders of magnitude than the former. The smooth frequency spectrum expected for the foregrounds would nominally contaminate only very small $k_\parallel$ modes; however the chromatic response of the telescope antenna pattern at this wavelength to the foreground introduces non-smooth structure, pervasively contaminating the cosmic signal over the physical scales of our interest. Such contamination defines a wedged volume in Fourier space around the transverse modes that is inaccessible for the cosmic signal. In this paper, we test the effect of this contaminated wedge on the future 21 cm BAO surveys using Fisher information matrix calculation. We include the signal improvement due to the BAO reconstruction technique that has been used for galaxy surveys and test the effect of this wedge on the BAO reconstruction as a function of signal to noises and incorporate the results in the Fisher matrix calculation. We find that the wedge effect expected at $z=1-2$ is very detrimental to the angular diameter distances: the errors on angular diameter distances increased by 3-4.4 times, while the errors on H(z) increased by a factor of 1.5-1.6. We conclude that calibration techniques that clean out the foreground "wedge" would be extremely valuable for constraining angular diameter distances from intensity-mapping 21 cm surveys.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables, Minor revisions. Matches version accepted by MNRAS
Supp 1. Palaeoenvironment and taphonomy of the Hypsilophodon Bed, Lower Cretaceous Wessex Formation, Isle of Wight
Creators: name: Marsden, Marie K.
name: Gunn, Joshua
name: Maidment, Susannah C. R.
name: Nichols, Gary
name: Wheeley, James R.
name: Russell, Catherine E.
name: Boomer, Ian
name: Stukins, Stephen
name: Butler, Richard J.
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 3705
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Details of Hypsilophodon specimens used in this study, coastal erosion calculations, images and descriptions of petrographic thin sections, images and details of microfossils, and taphonomic data
(400587) Jean Wemyss
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Experimental constraints on the $γ$-ray strength function in $^{90}$Zr using partial cross sections of the $^{89}$Y(p,$γ$)$^{90}$Zr reaction
Creators: name: Netterdon, L.
name: Endres, A.
name: Goriely, S.
name: Mayer, J.
name: Scholz, P.
name: Spieker, M.
name: Zilges, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Partial cross sections of the $^{89}$Y(p,$γ$)$^{90}$Zr reaction have been measured to investigate the $γ$-ray strength function in the neutron-magic nucleus $^{90}$Zr. For five proton energies between $E_p=3.65$ MeV and $E_p=4.70$ MeV, partial cross sections for the population of seven discrete states in $^{90}$Zr have been determined by means of in-beam $γ$-ray spectroscopy. Since these $γ$-ray transitions are dominantly of $E1$ character, the present measurement allows an access to the low-lying dipole strength in $^{90}$Zr. A $γ$-ray strength function based on the experimental data could be extracted, which is used to describe the total and partial cross sections of this reaction by Hauser-Feshbach calculations successfully. Significant differences with respect to previously measured strength functions from photoabsorption data point towards deviations from the Brink-Axel hypothesis relating the photo-excitation and de-excitation strength functions.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
(400588) Stephen Keenan
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Sensitivity analysis of an asymmetric Monte Carlo beam model of a Siemens PRIMUS accelerator
Creators: name: Sawkey, Daren L.
name: Schreiber, Eric C.
name: Faddegon, Bruce A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: 72 1024x768 Normal 0 false false false The assumption of cylindrical symmetry in radiotherapy accelerator models can pose a challenge for precise Monte Carlo modeling. This assumption makes it difficult to account for measured asymmetries in clinical dose distributions. We have performed a sensitivity study examining the effect of varying symmetric and asymmetric beam and geometric parameters of a Monte Carlo model for a Siemens PRIMUS accelerator. The accelerator and dose output were simulated using modified versions of BEAMnrc and DOSXYZnrc that allow lateral offsets of accelerator components and lateral and angular offsets for the incident electron beam. Dose distributions were studied for 40 × 40 cm2 fields. The resulting dose distributions were analyzed for changes in flatness, symmetry, and off-axis ratio (OAR). The electron beam parameters having the greatest effect on the resulting dose distributions were found to be electron energy and angle of incidence, as high as 5% for a 0.25° deflection. Electron spot size and lateral offset of the electron beam were found to have a smaller impact. Variations in photon target thickness were found to have a small effect. Small lateral offsets of the flattening filter caused significant variation to the OAR. In general, the greatest sensitivity to accelerator parameters could be observed for higher energies and off-axis ratios closer to the central axis. Lateral and angular offsets of beam and accelerator components have strong effects on dose distributions, and should be included in any high-accuracy beam model.
Highly Efficient Hyperbranched CNT Surfactants: Influence of Molar Mass and Functionalization
Creators: name: Bertels, Ellen
name: Bruyninckx, Kevin
name: Kurttepeli, Mert
name: Smet, Mario
name: Bals, Sara
name: Goderis, Bart
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: End-group-functionalized hyperbranched polymers were synthesized to act as a carbon nanotube (CNT) surfactant in aqueous solutions. Variation of the percentage of triphenylmethyl (trityl) functionalization and of the molar mass of the hyperbranched polyglycerol (PG) core resulted in the highest measured surfactant efficiency for a 5000 g/mol PG with 5.6% of the available hydroxyl end-groups replaced by trityl functions, as shown by UV-vis measurements. Semiempirical model calculations suggest an even higher efficiency for PG5000 with 2.5% functionalization and maximal molecule specific efficiency in general at low degrees of functionalization. Addition of trityl groups increases the surfactant-nanotube interactions in comparison to unfunctionalized PG because of pi-pi stacking interactions. However, at higher functionalization degrees mutual interactions between trityl groups come into play, decreasing the surfactant efficiency, while lack of water solubility becomes an issue at very high functionalization degrees. Low molar mass surfactants are less efficient compared to higher molar mass species most likely because the higher bulkiness of the latter allows for a better CNT separation and stabilization. The most efficient surfactant studied allowed dispersing 2.85 mg of CNT in 20 mL with as little as 1 mg of surfactant. These dispersions, remaining stable for at least 2 months, were mainly composed of individual CNTs as revealed by electron microscopy.
Steven Weinberg (1933 - 2021)
Creators: name: Godbole, Rohini M.
name: Yajnik, Urjit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is a homage to the memory of Prof. Steven Weinberg who passed away on 23 July 2021.
description: Sharing a reprint of Personal News item published in Current Science
Direct aperture optimization using an inverse form of back-projection
Creators: name: Cullip, Timothy
name: Tracton, Gregg
name: Zhu, Xiaofeng
name: Tang, Xiaoli
name: Dooley, John
name: Chang, Sha X
name: Lian, Jun
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Direct aperture optimization (DAO) has been used to produce high dosimetric quality intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) treatment plans with fast treatment delivery by directly modeling the multileaf collimator segment shapes and weights. To improve plan quality and reduce treatment time for our in-house treatment planning system, we implemented a new DAO approach without using a global objective function (GFO). An index concept is introduced as an inverse form of back-projection used in the CT multiplicative algebraic reconstruction technique (MART). The index, introduced for IMRT optimization in this work, is analogous to the multiplicand in MART. The index is defined as the ratio of the optima over the current. It is assigned to each voxel and beamlet to optimize the fluence map. The indices for beamlets and segments are used to optimize multileaf collimator (MLC) segment shapes and segment weights, respectively. Preliminary data show that without sacrificing dosimetric quality, the implementation of the DAO reduced average IMRT treatment time from 13 min to 8 min for the prostate, and from 15 min to 9 min for the head and neck using our in-house treatment planning system PlanUNC. The DAO approach has also shown promise in optimizing rotational IMRT with burst mode in a head and neck test case.
Thermal expansion and compressibility of monogermanides of 3d-metals
Creators: name: Valkovskiy, G. A.
name: Altynbaev, E. V.
name: Kuchugura, M. D.
name: Yashina, E. G.
name: Dyadkin, V. A.
name: Tsvyashchenko, A. V.
name: Sidorov, V. A.
name: Fomicheva, L. N.
name: Bykov, M.
name: Bykova, E.
name: Dubrovinsky, L.
name: Chernyshov, D. Yu.
name: Grigoriev, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Synchrotron diffraction as a function of temperature and pressure, specific heat, magnetic susceptibility and small-angle neutron scattering experiments have revealed an anomalous response of MnGe. Similar but less pronounced behavior has also been observed in Mn$_{1-x}$Co$_x$Ge and Mn$_{1-x}$Fe$_x$Ge solid solutions. Spin density fluctuations and Mn spin state instability are discussed as possible candidates for the observed effects.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures, to be published in Physical Review B: Condensed Matter
Coexistence of two hole phases in high-quality $p$-GaAs/AlGaAs in the vicinity of Landau level filling factors $ν$=1 and $ν$=(1/3)
Creators: name: Drichko, I. L.
name: Smirnov, I. Yu.
name: Suslov, A. V.
name: Baldwin, K. W.
name: Pfeiffer, L. N.
name: West, K. W.
name: Galperin, Y. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We focused on the transverse AC magneto-conductance of a high mobility $p$-GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well ($p=1.2\times 10^{11}$~cm$^{-2}$) in the vicinity of two values of the Landau level filling factor $ν$: $ν=1$ (integer quantum Hall effect) and $ν=1/3$ (fractional quantum Hall effect). The complex transverse AC conductance, $σ_{xx}^{AC} (ω)$, was found from simultaneous measurements of attenuation and velocity of surface acoustic waves (SAWs) propagating along the interface between a piezoelectric crystal and the two-dimensional hole system under investigation. We analyzed both the real and imaginary parts of the hole conductance and compared the similarities and differences between the results for filling factor 1 and filling factor 1/3. Both to the left and to the right of these values maxima of a specific shape, "wings", arose in the $σ(ν)$ dependences at those two $ν$. Analysis of the results of our acoustic measurements at different temperatures and surface acoustic wave frequencies allowed us to attribute these wings to the formation of collective localized states, namely the domains of a pinned Wigner crystal, i.e., a Wigner solid. While the Wigner solid has been observed in 2D hole systems previously, we were able to detect 20 it at the highest hole density and, therefore, the lowest hole-hole interaction reported.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Robust $H_\infty$ Estimation of Uncertain Linear Quantum Systems
Creators: name: Roy, Shibdas
name: Petersen, Ian R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider classical estimators for a class of physically realizable linear quantum systems. Optimal estimation using a complex Kalman filter for this problem has been previously explored. Here, we study robust $H_\infty$ estimation for uncertain linear quantum systems. The estimation problem is solved by converting it to a suitably scaled $H_\infty$ control problem. The solution is obtained in the form of two algebraic Riccati equations. Relevant examples involving dynamic squeezers are presented to illustrate the efficacy of our method.
description: Minor corrections, 14 pages, 3 figures, International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control
(400589) James Keenan
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Evaluation of the systematic error in using 3D dose calculation in scanning beam proton therapy for lung cancer
Creators: name: Liao, Zhongxing
name: Chang, Joe
name: Matney, Jason
name: Zhu, Ronald X
name: Li, Yupeng
name: Liu, Wei
name: Li, Heng
name: Park, Peter
name: Zhang, Xiaodong
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The objective of this study was to evaluate and understand the systematic error between the planned three-dimensional (3D) dose and the delivered dose to patient in scanning beam proton therapy for lung tumors. Single-field and multi-field optimized scanning beam proton therapy plans were generated for 10 patients with stage II–III lung cancer with a mix of tumor motion and size. 3D doses in CT data sets for different respiratory phases and the time weighted average CT, as well as the four-dimensional (4D) doses were computed for both plans. The 3D and 4D dose differences for the targets and different organs at risk were compared using dose volume histogram (DVH) and voxel-based techniques and correlated with the extent of tumor motion. The gross tumor volume (GTV) dose was maintained in all 3D and 4D doses using the internal GTV override technique. The DVH and voxel-based techniques are highly correlated. The mean dose error and the standard deviation of dose error for all target volumes were both less than 1.5% for all but one patient. However, the point dose difference between the 3D and 4D doses was up to 6% for the GTV and greater than 10% for the clinical and planning target volumes. Changes in the 4D and 3D doses were not correlated with tumor motion. The planning technique (single-field or multi-field optimized) did not affect the observed systematic error.
Uncovering the Role of Support Infrastructure in Clickbait PDF Campaigns
Creators: name: Stivala, Giada Martina
name: De Stefano, Gianluca
name: Mengascini, Andrea
name: Graziano, Mariano
name: Pellegrino, Giancarlo
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2024

description: Clickbait PDFs, an entry point for multiple Web attacks, are distributed via SEO poisoning and rank high in search results due to being massively uploaded on abused or compromised websites.
The central role of these hosts in the distribution of clickbait PDFs remains understudied, and it is unclear whether attackers differentiate the types of hosting for PDF uploads, how long they rely on hosts, and how affected parties respond to abuse.

To address this, we conducted real-time analyses on hosts, collecting data on 4,648,939 clickbait PDFs served by 177,835 hosts over 17 months. Our results revealed a diverse infrastructure, with hosts falling into three main hosting types. We also identified at scale the presence of eight software components which facilitate file uploads and which are likely exploited for clickbait PDF distribution.
We contact affected parties to report the misuse of their resources via a large-scale vulnerability notification. While we observed some effectiveness in terms of number of cleaned-up PDFs following the notification, long-term improvement in this infrastructure remained insignificant.
This finding raises questions about the hosting providers' role in combating abuse and the actual impact of vulnerability notifications.
(400583) Thomas Cook Just
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Supplementary Material: Response of Prochilodus nigricans to flood pulse variation in the central Amazon
Creators: name: Bayley, Peter B.
name: Castello, Leandro
name: Vandick S. BATISTA
name: Fabré, Nidia N.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Manaus market data processing; MULTIFAN-CL analysis; Supplementary Table S1
Vergleichen und Erzählen. Zur Verflechtung zweier Kulturtechniken
Creators: name: Kramer, Kirsten
name: Carrier, Martin
name: Heyder, Joris Corin
name: Hochkirchen, Britta
Publisher: name: Universität Bielefeld, SFB 1288
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 800

description: Das Working Paper nimmt den Zusammenhang von Vergleichen und Erzählen aus einer systematischen und historischen Perspektive in den Blick. Es befasst sich zum einen mit der Frage, wie und vor dem Hintergrund welcher theoretischer Annahmen Konvergenzen, Verflechtungen und Wechselbeziehungen zwischen Vergleichspraktiken und Erzählformen postuliert werden können. Beide Praktiken – so die zentrale These – lassen sich als Kulturtechniken begreifen, die zur Formierung übergreifender Netzwerke in Beziehung gesetzt werden können, welche nicht allein durch sprachoder bildgebundene Repräsentationsprozesse gekennzeichnet sind, sondern diese in umfassendere Dynamiken zeichenhafter Darstellungsformen, sozialer Akteure und materieller Artefakte einbinden. Die systematische Perspektive schließt auch die Frage nach der Verknüpfung von Kulturtechnikforschung und Praxistheorie mit ein. Zum anderen skizziert das Papier vier exemplarische historische Konstellationen, die die moderne Wissenschaftsgeschichte, die europäische Weltreiseliteratur, Vergleiche in Bild-Text-Objekt-Hybriden sowie kuratorische Praktiken in Ausstellungen betreffen, in denen Vergleichs- und Erzählpraktiken je spezifische Wechselwirkungen eingehen und in komplexe Operationsketten mit unterschiedlichen Akteuren eingebunden sind.
description: The working paper focuses on the connection between practices of comparing and narrating from a systematic and historical perspective. On the one hand, it tackles the question of how, and against which backdrop of theoretical assumptions, we can postulate convergences, entanglements, and interrelations between practices of comparing and narrating. The main hypothesis is that both practices can be understood as cultural techniques. They form extensive relational networks, which are not only characterized by language and image related representational processes, but first and foremost by complex dynamics linking symbolic representation, social actors, and material artefacts. The systematic perspective also comprises the question of how the approaches of cultural techniques analysis and practice theory can be related to each other. On the other hand, both the interrelation between practices of comparing and narrating as well as the complex operational chains will be outlined on the basis of four historical case studies. Those studies involve subjects such as modern history of science, European travel literature, comparisons in image-text-object hybrids as well as curatorial practices in exhibitions.
description: **Ergänzender Hinweis zu den Creative Commons Lizenzen**
"Creative Commons license terms for re-use do not apply to any content (such as graphs, figures, photos, excerpts, etc.) not original to the Open Access publication and further permission may be required from the rights holder. The obligation to research and clear permission lies solely with the party re-using the material."
Ion temperature gradient turbulence in helical and axisymmetric RFP plasmas
Creators: name: Predebon, I.
name: Xanthopoulos, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Turbulence induced by the ion temperature gradient (ITG) is investigated in the helical and axisymmetric plasma states of a reversed field pinch device by means of gyrokinetic calculations. The two magnetic configurations are systematically compared, both linearly and nonlinearly, in order to evaluate the impact of the geometry on the instability and its ensuing transport, as well as on the production of zonal flows. Despite its enhanced confinement, the high-current helical state demonstrates a lower ITG stability threshold compared to the axisymmetric state, and ITG turbulence is expected to become an important contributor to the total heat transport.
description: 8 pages, to appear in Phys. Plasmas
Dosimetric effect due to the motion during deep inspiration breath hold for left-sided breast cancer radiotherapy
Creators: name: Tang, Xiaoli
name: Lian, Jun
name: Zagar, Timothy
name: Marks, Lawrence
name: Jones, Ellen
name: Zhu, Xiaofeng
name: Cullip, Tim
name: Dooley, John
name: Chang, Sha
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Deep inspiration breath-hold (DIBH) radiotherapy for left-sided breast cancer can reduce cardiac exposure and internal motion. We modified our in-house treatment planning system (TPS) to retrospectively analyze breath-hold motion log files to calculate the dosimetric effect of the motion during breath hold. Thirty left-sided supine DIBH breast patients treated using AlignRT were studied. Breath-hold motion was recorded — three translational and three rotational displacements of the treatment surface — the Real Time Deltas (RTD). The corresponding delivered dose was estimated using the beam-on portions of the RTDs. Each motion was used to calculate dose, and the final estimated dose was the equally weighted average of the multiple resultant doses. Ten of thirty patients had internal mammary nodes (IMN) purposefully included in the tangential fields, and we evaluated the percentage of IMN covered by 40 Gy. The planned and delivered heart mean dose, lungs V20 (volume of the lungs receiving > 20 Gy), percentage of IMN covered by 40 Gy, and IMN mean dose were compared. The averaged mean and standard deviation of the beam-on portions of the absolute RTDs were 0.81 ± 1.29 mm, 0.68 ± 0.85mm, 0.76 ± 0.85 mm, 0.96° ± 0.49°, 0.93° ± 0.43°, and 1.03° ± 0.50°, for vertical, longitudinal, lateral, yaw, roll, and pitch, respectively. The averaged planned and delivered mean heart dose were 99 and 101 cGy. Lungs V20 were 6.59% and 6.74%. IMN 40 Gy coverage was 83% and 77%, and mean IMN dose was 4642 and 4518 cGy. The averaged mean motion during DIBH was smaller than 1 mm and 1°, which reflects the relative reproducibility of the patient breath hold. On average, the mean heart dose and lungs V20 were reasonably close to what have been planned. IMN 40 Gy coverage might be modestly reduced for certain cases.
Brownian motion and Random Walk above Quenched Random Wall
Creators: name: Mallein, Bastien
name: Miłoś, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J65, 60G50

description: We study the persistence exponent for the first passage time of a random walk below the trajectory of another random walk. More precisely, let $\{B_n\}$ and $\{W_n\}$ be two centered, weakly dependent random walks. We establish that $\mathbb{P}(\forall_{n\leq N} B_n \geq W_n|W) = N^{-γ+ o(1)}$ for a non-random $γ\geq 1/2$. In the classical setting, $W_n \equiv 0$, it is well-known that $γ= 1/2$. We prove that for any non-trivial $W$ one has $γ>1/2$ and the exponent $γ$ depends only on $\text{Var}(B_1)/\text{Var}(W_1)$. Our result holds also in the continuous setting, when $B$ and $W$ are independent and possibly perturbed Brownian motions or Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes. In the latter case the probability decays at exponential rate.
description: To appear in Ann. Inst. Henri Poincar\'e Probab. Stat
Review of Berger and DiRuggiero, "Einstein: The Man and His Mind"
Creators: name: Weinstein, Galina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, I review the book: Gary S. Berger, Michael DiRuggiero. "Einstein: The Man and His Mind." Bologna: Damiani, 2022. Illustrations. 209 pp. $70.00, cloth, ISBN 978-88-6208-784-1.
(400584) Elizabeth Ann Just
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: The effects of forestry on hen harriers Circus cyaneus
Creators: name: Madders, Michael
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Ecology, wildlife conservation.

description: Changes in the Scottish hen harrier population over the past 50 years appear to be associated with the development of coniferous afforestation. Increases or range extensions have occurred in some areas with recently established first rotation forests, where harriers are believed to have benefited from the increased cover and prey resources that result from fencing. Conversely, population declines have been reported in areas where maturing trees have reduced the availability of open and semi-open ground for nesting and hunting. Clear-felled plantations restocked with trees could potentially provide suitable habitat for a further period, although current evidence suggests that harriers make only sporadic use of second rotation forests for nesting. The extent to which harriers utilise first and second rotation forests for hunting has not previously been quantified, yet this knowledge is vital if we are to manage harrier populations effectively. This study examines time budget information from watches of breeding harriers which had access to various types of forest and moorland habitat. The relative use made of each habitat was determined, and preferences related to measures of vegetation cover and structure and estimates of prey abundance. Site occupancy and breeding success were related to the availability of the habitats studied. The study was undertaken in Argyll, west Scotland. Habitat selection by foraging harriers was investigated at 2 scales, the first reflecting the process by which a harrier came to be in a particular habitat, the second identifying specific components within habitats that were selected. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest.).
What Community Resources Do Older Community-Dwelling Adults Use to Manage Their Osteoarthritis? A Formative Examination
Creators: name: Woodard, Janice
name: Schoster, Britta
name: Martin, Kathryn R.
name: Callahan, Leigh F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Community resources can influence health outcomes, yet little research has examined how older individuals use community resources for osteoarthritis (OA) management. Six focus groups were conducted with 37 community-dwelling older adult African Americans and Caucasians who self-reported OA and resided in Johnston County, North Carolina. Descriptive analyses and qualitative constant comparison methodology revealed individuals use local recreational facilities, senior centers, shopping centers, religious organizations, medical providers, pharmacies and their social network for OA management. Participants also identified environmental characteristics (e.g., sidewalk conditions, curb-cuts, handicapped parking, automatic doors) that both facilitated and hindered use of community resources for OA management. Identified resources and environmental characteristics were organized around Corbin & Strauss framework tasks: medical/behavioral, role, and emotional management. As older Americans live with multiple chronic diseases, better understanding of what community resources are used for disease management may help improve the health of community-dwelling adults, both with and without OA.
ETHIOPIAN CAR LICENSE PLATE RECOGNITION USING DEEP LEARNING
Creators: name: ERDEY SYOUM
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: The focus of this research is to develop a system that assist humans in reading car license plate. Such a study is important as the number of traffic on roads becomes increasing constantly, the manual process in car license plate recognition becomes a serious problem for traffic management system which not only detect and track a vehicle but also identify it. Initially a dataset that contains 930 car images was prepared for model comparison purpose. Two object detection algorithms (Faster R-CNN and SSD) were trained and tested on the same dataset using the same model to select the best candidate. The metrics for the comparison were accuracy, average prediction time, and total training time taken. It was found that Faster R-CNN gives high accuracy, short average prediction time, and short total training time.
(400585) Agnes C[hristian] Just
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Transition formulae, Table S1 and R Code from A periodic Markov model to formalize animal migration on a network.
Creators: name: Kölzsch, Andrea
name: Kleyheeg, Erik
name: Kruckenberg, Helmut
name: Kaatz, Michael
name: Blasius, Bernd
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: Computational Biology

description: Circular statistics to fit transition rates, Centrality characteristics and staying times for each specifield migration network node and R Code to calculate migration process on network
(400582) Elizabeth Alison Cook
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
A Thesis Submitted to the School of Commerce of Addis Ababa University in Partial Fulfillment for the Award of Master of Arts in Human Resource Management
Creators: name: Mamo, Elizabeth Mulugeta
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017

description: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of organizational culture (hierarchy, market, Clan, adhocracy) on job satisfaction in the Ministry of Science and Technology. A mixed design was employed in this study. The study included 86 employees. Data were collected using questionnaires, interview, and document analysis. Data were analyzed using statistical tools like frequency, percentage, mean, spearman rho correlation coefficient, Mann Whitney U test and Multiple Regression. Moreover, data gathered through interview and document analysis were analyzed in narrative form to complement the quantitative finding.
Conversations on Contextuality
Creators: name: Dzhafarov, Ehtibar N.
name: Kujala, Janne V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81P13, 81Q99, 60A99, 81P13, 81Q99, 60A99, 81P13, 81Q99, 60A99

description: In the form of a dialogue (imitating in style Lakatos's Proof and Refutation), this chapter presents and explains the main points of the approach to contextuality dubbed Contextuality-by-Default.
description: Opening chapter (pp. 1-22) in "Contextuality from Quantum Physics to Psychology," edited by E. Dzhafarov, S. Jordan, R. Zhang, V. Cervantes. New Jersey: World Scientific Press, 2015
Dementia in Relation to Family Caregiver Involvement and Burden in Long-Term Care
Creators: name: Sloane, Philip D.
name: Beeber, Anna S.
name: Reed, David
name: Washington, Tiffany
name: Gwyther, Lisa P.
name: Zimmerman, Sheryl
name: Cagle, John G.
name: Cohen, Lauren W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: To better understand the process and outcomes of family involvement for long-term care residents with varying stages of dementia, we analyzed family and staff data for 467 residents of 24 residential care/assisted living and nursing home settings. Adjusted analyses found that although the amount of family visitation did not significantly vary by resident cognitive status (15 versus 20 visits/month to persons with and without dementia, respectively), the nature of the visit did. Families of cognitively intact residents spent more time in activities related to social and community engagement, such as taking residents on trips and calling and writing letters (p<0.001), while families of more impaired residents spent more time on care-related activities, including tasks related to nutrition (p<0.027), mobility (p=0.001), and discussing care with staff (p=0.007), the latter of which was associated with greater burden (p<0.001). Staff identified similar patterns, but perceived less family involvement.
(400579) James Jobson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Localized mechanics of dentin self-etching adhesive system
Creators: name: Ko, Ching-Chang
name: Archangelo, Carlos Marcelo
name: Anchieta, Rodolfo Bruniera
name: Sundfeld, Renato Herman
name: Rocha, Eduardo Passos
name: Martin Junior, Manoel
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: The bond strength of composite resins (CRs) to dentin is influenced by the interfacial microstructure of the hybrid layer (HL) and the resin tags (TAG). The contemporary self-etching primer adhesive systems overcame the inconvenient of the etch-and-rinse protocol. Studies, however, have demonstrated that HL thickness and TAG length vary according to the wetting time and additional use of acid-etching prior to self-etching primers. This study investigated the localized stress distribution in the HL and the dentin/adhesive interface. Two HL thicknesses (3 or 6 μm), two TAG lengths (13 or 17 μm) and two loading conditions (perpendicular and oblique-25o) were investigated by the finite element (FE) analysis. Five two-dimensional FE models (M) of a dentin specimen restored with CR (38 x 64 μm) were constructed: Ml - no HL and no TAG; M2 - 3 μm of HL and 13 μm of TAG; M3 - 3 μm of HL and 17 μm of TAG; M4 - 6 μm of HL and 13 μm of TAG; and M5 - 6 μm of HL and 17 μm of TAG. Two distributed loadings (L) (20N) were applied on CR surface: L1 - perpendicular, and L2 - oblique (25°). Fixed interfacial conditions were assigned on the border of the dentin specimen. Ansys 10.0 (Ansys®, Houston, PA, USA) software was used to calculate the stress fields. The peak of von Mises (σvM) and maximum principal stress (σmax) was higher in L2 than in L1. Microstructures (HL and TAG) had no effect on local stresses for L1. Decreasing HL decreased σvM and σmax in all structures for L2, but the TAG length had influence only on the peributular dentin. The thickness of HL had more influence on the σvM and σmax than TAG length. The peritubular dentin and its adjacent structures showed the highest σvM and σmax, mainly in the oblique loading.
Transition formulae, Table S1 and R Code from A periodic Markov model to formalize animal migration on a network
Creators: name: Kölzsch, Andrea
name: Kleyheeg, Erik
name: Kruckenberg, Helmut
name: Kaatz, Michael
name: Blasius, Bernd
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: Computational Biology

description: Circular statistics to fit transition rates, Centrality characteristics and staying times for each specifield migration network node and R Code to calculate migration process on network
Bond strength of different endodontic sealers to dentin: push-out test
Creators: name: Tanomaru-Filho, Mario
name: Barbizam, João Vicente Baroni
name: Teixeira, Erica Cappelletto Nogueira
name: Teixeira, Fabricio Batista
name: Trope, Martin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: ObjectiveThe aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the bond strength of different root canal sealers to dentin. Material and MethodsForty extracted single-rooted human teeth were examined and the coronal and middle thirds of the canals were prepared with a 1.50 mm post drill (FibreKor Post System, Pentron). The teeth were allocated in two experimental groups, irrigated with 2.5% NaOCl+17% EDTA or saline solution (control group) and instrumented using Race rotary files (FKG) to a size #40 at the working length. Then, the groups were divided into four subgroups and filled with Epiphany sealer (Group 1), EndoREZ (Group 2), AH26 (Group 3) and Grossman's Sealer (Group 4). After 2 weeks of storage in 100% humidity at 37ºC, all teeth were sectioned transversally into 2-mm-thick discs. Push-out tests were performed at a cross-head speed of 1 mm/min using a universal testing machine. The maximum load at failure was recorded and expressed in MPa. ResultsMeans (±SD) in root canals irrigated with 2.5% NaOCl and 17% EDTA were: G1 (21.6±6.0), G2 (15.2±3.7), G3 (14.6±4.5) and G4 (11.7±4.1).Two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test showed the highest bond strength for the Epiphany's group (p< 0.01) when compared to the other tested sealers. Saline solution decreased the values of bond-strength (p<0.05) for all sealers. ConclusionEpiphany sealer presented higher bond strength values to dentin in both irrigating protocols, and the use of 2.5% NaOCl and 17% EDTA increased the bond strength values for all sealers.
Age and Race Differences in Racial Stereotype Awareness and Endorsement.
Creators: name: Wood, Dana
name: Rowley, Stephanie J.
name: Kurtz-Costes, Beth
name: Copping, Kristine E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Abstract Age and race differences in race stereotype awareness and endorsement were examined in 382 Black and White fourth, sixth, and eighth graders. Youths reported their own beliefs and their perceptions of adults' beliefs about racial differences in ability in two domains: academics and sports. Children's own endorsement of race stereotypes was highly correlated with their perceptions of adults' race stereotypes. Blacks reported stronger traditional sports stereotypes than Whites, and 4th‐ and 6th‐grade Blacks reported roughly egalitarian academic stereotypes. At every grade level, Whites reported academic stereotypes that favored Whites, and 6th‐ and 8th‐grade Whites reported sports stereotypes that favored Blacks. Results support the tenets of status theory and have implications for identity development and achievement motivation in adolescents.
INCREASE: Inductive Graph Representation Learning for Spatio-Temporal Kriging
Creators: name: Zheng, Chuanpan
name: Fan, Xiaoliang
name: Wang, Cheng
name: Qi, Jianzhong
name: Chen, Chaochao
name: Chen, Longbiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Spatio-temporal kriging is an important problem in web and social applications, such as Web or Internet of Things, where things (e.g., sensors) connected into a web often come with spatial and temporal properties. It aims to infer knowledge for (the things at) unobserved locations using the data from (the things at) observed locations during a given time period of interest. This problem essentially requires \emph{inductive learning}. Once trained, the model should be able to perform kriging for different locations including newly given ones, without retraining. However, it is challenging to perform accurate kriging results because of the heterogeneous spatial relations and diverse temporal patterns. In this paper, we propose a novel inductive graph representation learning model for spatio-temporal kriging. We first encode heterogeneous spatial relations between the unobserved and observed locations by their spatial proximity, functional similarity, and transition probability. Based on each relation, we accurately aggregate the information of most correlated observed locations to produce inductive representations for the unobserved locations, by jointly modeling their similarities and differences. Then, we design relation-aware gated recurrent unit (GRU) networks to adaptively capture the temporal correlations in the generated sequence representations for each relation. Finally, we propose a multi-relation attention mechanism to dynamically fuse the complex spatio-temporal information at different time steps from multiple relations to compute the kriging output. Experimental results on three real-world datasets show that our proposed model outperforms state-of-the-art methods consistently, and the advantage is more significant when there are fewer observed locations. Our code is available at https://github.com/zhengchuanpan/INCREASE.
description: WWW 2023 paper
(400580) Jean Matthew
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.