cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Coupling of Adsorption and Diffusion in Porous and Granular Materials. A 1-D Example of the Boundary Value Problem
Creators: name: Albers, Bettina
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: adsorption
subject: flows in porous and granular materials
subject: 76S05
subject: 73Q05
subject: 73S10

description: In the paper we present a macroscopic continuum model of adsorption in porous materials consisting of three components. We consider the flow of a fluid component through channels of the skeleton. It serves as carrier for an adsorbate whose mass balance equation contains a source term. The source consists of two parts: a Langmuir contribution connected with bare sides on internal surfaces which becomes in equilibrium the Langmuir isotherm, and changes of the internal surface driven by the source of porosity. The model for the latter contribution is new. Parameters of this model are analyzed by means of an example of solution of a boundary value problem for the full set of field equations which describes the transport of pollutants in soils.
A parametric study of SHS steel columns protected with gypsum-based mortars under fire load using finite element modelling
Creators: name: Aghabozorgi, Pegah
name: Santiago, Aldina
name: Laím, Luís
name: Cândido, Nuno
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Fire safety engineering

description: This paper presents a study on the thermal performance of gypsum-based mortars as a coating layer on the surface of tubular steel columns. Thermal properties of the fire protection mortars as a function of temperature were determined from the previous studies carried out by the authors and collected from the literature. Based on the measured thermal properties, numerical models were developed for heat transfer and thermo-mechanical analysis. The proposed analysis models were verified based on a set of experimental tests on square hollow section (SHS) steel columns protected with gypsum-based mortars. Finally, a parametric sensitivity study was carried out and the effect of different parameters, including fire protection type and thickness, cross-section width-to-depth ratio, and load level on the fire performance, critical temperature, and failure modes of the protected steel tubular columns under the ISO 834 standard fire curve was investigated.
Comparative Persistence of the TNF Antagonists in Rheumatoid Arthritis – A Population-Based Cohort Study
Creators: name: Freeman, Hugh
name: Bassett, Ken
name: Brookhart, M. Alan
name: Fisher, Anat
name: Wright, James M.
name: Dormuth, Colin R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: ObjectiveTo compare persistence with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) antagonists among rheumatoid arthritis patients in British Columbia. Treatment persistence has been suggested as a proxy for real-world therapeutic benefit and harm of treatments for chronic non-curable diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis. We hypothesized that the different pharmacological characteristics of infliximab, adalimumab and etanercept cause statistically and clinically significant differences in persistence.MethodsWe conducted a population-based cohort study using administrative health data from the Canadian province of British Columbia. The study cohort included rheumatoid arthritis patients who initiated the first course of a TNF antagonist between 2001 and 2008. Persistence was measured as the time between first dispensing to discontinuation. Drug discontinuation was defined as a drug-free interval of 180 days or switching to another TNF antagonist, anakinra, rituximab or abatacept. Persistence was estimated and compared using survival analysis.ResultsThe study cohort included 2,923 patients, 63% treated with etanercept. Median persistence in years (95% confidence interval) with infliximab was 3.7 (2.9–4.9), with adalimumab 3.3 (2.6–4.1) and with etanercept 3.8 (3.3–4.3). Similar risk of discontinuation was observed for the three drugs: the hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) was 0.98 (0.85–1.13) comparing infliximab with etanercept, 0.95 (0.78–1.15) comparing infliximab with adalimumab and 1.04 (0.88–1.22) comparing adalimumab with etanercept.ConclusionsSimilar persistence was observed with infliximab, adalimumab and etanercept in rheumatoid arthritis patients during the first 9 years of use. If treatment persistence is a good proxy for the therapeutic benefit and harm of these drugs, then this finding suggests that the three drugs share an overall similar benefit-harm profile in rheumatoid arthritis patients.
A second order in time, uniquely solvable, unconditionally stable numerical scheme for Cahn-Hilliard-Navier-Stokes equation
Creators: name: Han, Daozhi
name: Wang, Xiaoming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65M12, 65M60, 76T99

description: We propose a novel second order in time numerical scheme for Cahn-Hilliard-Navier- Stokes phase field model with matched density. The scheme is based on second order convex-splitting for the Cahn-Hilliard equation and pressure-projection for the Navier-Stokes equation. We show that the scheme is mass-conservative, satisfies a modified energy law and is therefore unconditionally stable. Moreover, we prove that the scheme is uncondition- ally uniquely solvable at each time step by exploring the monotonicity associated with the scheme. Thanks to the weak coupling of the scheme, we design an efficient Picard iteration procedure to further decouple the computation of Cahn-Hilliard equation and Navier-Stokes equation. We implement the scheme by the mixed finite element method. Ample numerical experiments are performed to validate the accuracy and efficiency of the numerical scheme.
EPIC Bioscience: An Online Learning Environment for Ecological Investigations Aligned With Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) Using Museum Digitized Collections
Creators: name: Velasquez-Franco, Susana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: NGSS
NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUMS
Education

description: EPIC Bioscience is an online learning environment designed to engage students in authentic STEM research aligned to Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS), using digitized specimens and sedimentary archives (microscopic fossil remains) from the Natural History Museum of Utah for student data collection activities. Students gather and analyze data to address scientific questions related to environmental change and biodiversity. Current investigations engage middle school learners in the study of interactions among organisms and energy dynamics within ecosystems. In this research, we developed a simplified laboratory method to obtain a series of digital fungal spores from mesic and xeric environments for student analysis. Using this methodology, we extract microscopic specimens of fungal (Fungi: Basidiomycota) remains from museum-archived sediment samples. The resulting digitized specimens can be counted and classified into morphological categories by students, helping them develop a hands-on understanding of how fungal species richness and diversity is linked to top-down, climate controls, including moisture availability in contrasting wet (mesic) and dry (xeric) environments. Students then apply their findings to a third type of environment, the urban setting, to explore how human activities (e.g., lawn watering and xeriscaping) influence local fungal diversity. Across investigation activities, students learn to connect fungal diversity to rates of energy cycling across environments with varied abiotic profiles. Three main insights emerged during the investigation design process. First, aligning scientific methods and phenomena (i.e. fungal diversity) with NGSS via effective student activities required a unique and interdisciplinary process with dialogue among museum scientists, curriculum developers and educators, and learning scientists. Second, exploring NHMU’s microscopic fungal collections through the lens of NGSS (MS-LS2-3) resulted in the prototyping and development of a simple protocol to recover fungal remains from sedimentary archives stored in museum collections. Lastly, collections-based research using digitized specimens is the basis for highly-engaging, authentic science investigation in classrooms.
The Confound Continuum - A 2D confounder assessment for AI in precision medicine
Creators: name: Komeyer, Vera
name: Eickhoff, Simon
name: Grefkes, Christian
name: Patil, Kaustubh
name: Raimondo, Federico
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2023

description: Organization for Human Brain Mapping (OHBM), Montreal, Canada, 22 Jul 2023 - 26 Jul 2023
Comparison of Illumina and 454 Deep Sequencing in Participants Failing Raltegravir-Based Antiretroviral Therapy
Creators: name: Weiner, Brian
name: Hide, Winston
name: Kuritzkes, Daniel R.
name: Porter, Alyssa J.
name: Zody, Michael C.
name: Vardhanabhuti, Saran
name: Chapman, Brad
name: Taiwo, Babafemi
name: Henn, Matthew R.
name: Hofmann, Oliver
name: Eron, Joseph
name: Li, Jonathan Z.
name: Zheng, Lu
name: Samuel, Reshmi
name: Charlebois, Patrick
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: BackgroundThe impact of raltegravir-resistant HIV-1 minority variants (MVs) on raltegravir treatment failure is unknown. Illumina sequencing offers greater throughput than 454, but sequence analysis tools for viral sequencing are needed. We evaluated Illumina and 454 for the detection of HIV-1 raltegravir-resistant MVs.MethodsA5262 was a single-arm study of raltegravir and darunavir/ritonavir in treatment-naïve patients. Pre-treatment plasma was obtained from 5 participants with raltegravir resistance at the time of virologic failure. A control library was created by pooling integrase clones at predefined proportions. Multiplexed sequencing was performed with Illumina and 454 platforms at comparable costs. Illumina sequence analysis was performed with the novel snp-assess tool and 454 sequencing was analyzed with V-Phaser.ResultsIllumina sequencing resulted in significantly higher sequence coverage and a 0.095% limit of detection. Illumina accurately detected all MVs in the control library at ≥0.5% and 7/10 MVs expected at 0.1%. 454 sequencing failed to detect any MVs at 0.1% with 5 false positive calls. For MVs detected in the patient samples by both 454 and Illumina, the correlation in the detected variant frequencies was high (R2 = 0.92, P<0.001). Illumina sequencing detected 2.4-fold greater nucleotide MVs and 2.9-fold greater amino acid MVs compared to 454. The only raltegravir-resistant MV detected was an E138K mutation in one participant by Illumina sequencing, but not by 454.ConclusionsIn participants of A5262 with raltegravir resistance at virologic failure, baseline raltegravir-resistant MVs were rarely detected. At comparable costs to 454 sequencing, Illumina demonstrated greater depth of coverage, increased sensitivity for detecting HIV MVs, and fewer false positive variant calls.
Thermodynamics of Surface Defects at the Aspirin/Water Interface
Creators: name: Schneider, Julian
name: Zheng, Chen
name: Reuter, Karsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simulation scheme to calculate defect formation free energies at a molecular crystal/water interface based on force-field molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. To this end we adopt and modify existing approaches to calculate binding free energies of biological ligand/receptor complexes to be applicable to common surface defects, such as step edges and kink sites. We obtain statistically accurate and reliable free energy values for the aspirin/water interface, which can be applied to estimate the distribution of defects using well-established thermodynamic relations. As a show case we calculate the free energy upon dissolving molecules from kink sites at the interface. This free energy can be related to the solubility concentration and we obtain solubility values in excellent agreement with experimental results.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Dynamical evolution of V-type photometric candidates in the outer Main-belt
Creators: name: Huaman, Mariela E.
name: Carruba, Valerio
name: Domingos, Rita Cassia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: V-type asteroids, characterized by two absorption bands at 1.0 and 2.0 $μm$, are usually thought to be portions of the crust of differentiated or partially differentiated bodies. Most V-type asteroids are found in the inner main belt and are thought to be current or past members of the Vesta dynamical family. Recently, several V-type photometric candidates have been identified in the central and outer main belt. While the dynamical evolution of V-type photometric candidates in the central main belt has been recently investigated, less attention has been given to the orbital evolution of basaltic material in the outer main belt as a whole. Here we identify known and new V-type photometric candidates in this region, and study their orbital evolution under the effect of gravitational and non-gravitational forces. A scenario in which a minimum of three local sources, possibly associated with the parent bodies of (349) Dembowska, (221) Eos, and (1459) Magnya, could in principle explain the current orbital distribution of V-type photometric candidates in the region.
description: This paper has 6 figures and 1 table. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1401.6332
Completing the Results of the 2013 Boston Marathon
Creators: name: Cisewski, Jessi
name: Dominici, Francesca
name: Paulson, Charles
name: Parmigiani, Giovanni
name: Cefalu, Matthew
name: Smith, Richard L.
name: Hammerling, Dorit
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The 2013 Boston marathon was disrupted by two bombs placed near the finish line. The bombs resulted in three deaths and several hundred injuries. Of lesser concern, in the immediate aftermath, was the fact that nearly 6,000 runners failed to finish the race. We were approached by the marathon's organizers, the Boston Athletic Association (BAA), and asked to recommend a procedure for projecting finish times for the runners who could not complete the race. With assistance from the BAA, we created a dataset consisting of all the runners in the 2013 race who reached the halfway point but failed to finish, as well as all runners from the 2010 and 2011 Boston marathons. The data consist of split times from each of the 5 km sections of the course, as well as the final 2.2 km (from 40 km to the finish). The statistical objective is to predict the missing split times for the runners who failed to finish in 2013. We set this problem in the context of the matrix completion problem, examples of which include imputing missing data in DNA microarray experiments, and the Netflix prize problem. We propose five prediction methods and create a validation dataset to measure their performance by mean squared error and other measures. The best method used local regression based on a K-nearest-neighbors algorithm (KNN method), though several other methods produced results of similar quality. We show how the results were used to create projected times for the 2013 runners and discuss potential for future application of the same methodology. We present the whole project as an example of reproducible research, in that we are able to make the full data and all the algorithms we have used publicly available, which may facilitate future research extending the methods or proposing completely different approaches.
Sample path large deviations for a class ofMarkov chains related to disordered mean field models
Creators: name: Bovier, Anton
name: Gayrard, Véronique
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Large deviations
subject: stochastic dynamics
subject: Markov chains
subject: disordered Large deviations
subject: disordered systems
subject: mean field models
subject: 60F10
subject: 82C44
subject: 60J10

description: We prove a large deviation principle on path space for a class of discrete time Markov processes whose state space is the intersection of a regular domain Λ ⊂ ℝd with some lattice of spacing ∈. Transitions from x to y are allowed if ∈-1(x-y) ∈ Δ for some fixed set of vectors Δ. The transition probabilities p∈(t,x,y), which themselves depend on ∈, are allowed to depend on the starting point x and the time t in a sufficiently regular way, except near the boundaries, where some singular behaviour is allowed. The rate function is identified as an action functional which is given as the integral of a Lagrange function. Markov processes of this type arise in the study of mean field dynamics of disordered mean field models.
Tuning the Band Structures of a 1D Width-Modulated Magnonic Crystal by a Transverse Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Di, K.
name: Lim, H. S.
name: Zhang, V. L.
name: Ng, S. C.
name: Kuok, M. H.
name: Nguyen, H. T.
name: Cottam, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theoretical studies, based on three independent techniques, of the band structure of a one-dimensional width-modulated magnonic crystal under a transverse magnetic field are reported. The band diagram is found to display distinct behaviors when the transverse field is either larger or smaller than a critical value. The widths and center positions of bandgaps exhibit unusual non-monotonic and large field-tunability through tilting the direction of magnetization. Some bandgaps can be dynamically switched on and off by simply tuning the strength of such a static field. Finally, the impact of the lowered symmetry of the magnetic ground state on the spin-wave excitation efficiency of an oscillating magnetic field is discussed. Our finding reveals that the magnetization direction plays an important role in tailoring magnonic band structures and hence in the design of dynamic spin-wave switches.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Some intriguing definite integrals
Creators: name: Zacharias, Klaus
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Riemann zeta function
subject: polylogarithms
subject: 11M99
subject: 33E99

description: We calculate some definite integrals which (up to now) computer algebra systems like Maple or Mathematica are unable to evaluate. The first one is a simply looking integral involving cos and log, the others are some integrals containing polylogarithmic functions. It is shown that they can be evaluated by rational combinations of ς-functions and products of ς-functions at positive integers.
Spectral properties of k - p Schrödinger operators in one space dimension
Creators: name: Bandelow, Uwe
name: Kaiser, Hans-Christoph
name: Koprucki, Thomas
name: Rehberg, Joachim
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: k - p Schrödinger operators with discontinuous coefficients
subject: spectrum
subject: analytic operator family
subject: eigenvalue curves
subject: approximation
subject: discretization
subject: band structure in layered semiconductors
subject: 34L15
subject: 81Q10
subject: 34A45
subject: 34A50
subject: 34L10
subject: 34L40
subject: 47A75
subject: 65L60
subject: 81Q15
subject: 81-04

description: In the physics of layered semiconductor devices the k · p method in combination with the envelope-function approach is a well established tool for band structure calculations. We perform a rigorous mathematical analysis of spectral properties for the corresponding spatially one dimensional k · p Schrödinger operators; thereby regarding a wide class of such operators. This class covers many of the k · p operators prevalent in solid state physics. It includes k · p Schrödinger operators with piecewise constant coefficients which is a prerequisite for dealing with the important case of semiconductor heterostructures. We also introduce a regularization of the problem which gives rise to a consistent discretization of k · p operators with jumping coefficients and describe our toolbox KPLIB for the numerical treatment of k · p operators. In particular we address the question of persistence of a spectral gap over the wave vector range.
Singularly perturbed reaction - diffusionsystems in case of exchange of stabilities
Creators: name: Butuzov, Valentin F.
name: Nefedov, Nikolai N.
name: Schneider, Klaus R.
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Singular perturbation
subject: asymptotic methods
subject: upper and lower solutions
subject: jumping behavior of reaction rates
subject: 34D15
subject: 34E05
subject: 92E20

description: We study singularly perturbed elliptic and parabolic differential equations under the assumption that the associated equation has intersecting families of equilibria (exchange of stabilities). We prove by means of the method of asymptotic lower and upper solutions that the asymptotic behavior with respect to the small parameter changes near the curve of exchange of stabilities. The application of that result to systems modelling fast bimolecular reactions in a heterogeneous environment implies a transition layer (jumping behavior) of the reaction rate. This behavior has to be taken into account for identification problems in reaction systems.
Ultra accurate collaborative information filtering via directed user similarity
Creators: name: Guo, Qiang
name: Song, Wen-Jun
name: Liu, Jian-Guo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A key challenge of the collaborative filtering (CF) information filtering is how to obtain the reliable and accurate results with the help of peers' recommendation. Since the similarities from small-degree users to large-degree users would be larger than the ones opposite direction, the large-degree users' selections are recommended extensively by the traditional second-order CF algorithms. By considering the users' similarity direction and the second-order correlations to depress the influence of mainstream preferences, we present the directed second-order CF (HDCF) algorithm specifically to address the challenge of accuracy and diversity of the CF algorithm. The numerical results for two benchmark data sets, MovieLens and Netflix, show that the accuracy of the new algorithm outperforms the state-of-the-art CF algorithms. Comparing with the CF algorithm based on random-walks proposed in the Ref.7, the average ranking score could reach 0.0767 and 0.0402, which is enhanced by 27.3\% and 19.1\% for MovieLens and Netflix respectively. In addition, the diversity, precision and recall are also enhanced greatly. Without relying on any context-specific information, tuning the similarity direction of CF algorithms could obtain accurate and diverse recommendations. This work suggests that the user similarity direction is an important factor to improve the personalized recommendation performance.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Contribution of the nos-pdt Operon to Virulence Phenotypes in Methicillin-Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus
Creators: name: Almand, Erin A.
name: Rice, Kelly C.
name: Richardson, Anthony R.
name: Mogen, Austin B.
name: Rivera, Frances E.
name: Sapp, April M.
name: Shaw, Lindsey N.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Nitric oxide (NO) is emerging as an important regulator of bacterial stress resistance, biofilm development, and virulence. One potential source of endogenous NO production in the pathogen Staphylococcus aureus is its NO-synthase (saNOS) enzyme, encoded by the nos gene. Although a role for saNOS in oxidative stress resistance, antibiotic resistance, and virulence has been recently-described, insights into the regulation of nos expression and saNOS enzyme activity remain elusive. To this end, transcriptional analysis of the nos gene in S. aureus strain UAMS-1 was performed, which revealed that nos expression increases during low-oxygen growth and is growth-phase dependent. Furthermore, nos is co-transcribed with a downstream gene, designated pdt, which encodes a prephenate dehydratase (PDT) enzyme involved in phenylalanine biosynthesis. Deletion of pdt significantly impaired the ability of UAMS-1 to grow in chemically-defined media lacking phenylalanine, confirming the function of this enzyme. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that the operon organization of nos-pdt appears to be unique to the staphylococci. As described for other S. aureus nos mutants, inactivation of nos in UAMS-1 conferred sensitivity to oxidative stress, while deletion of pdt did not affect this phenotype. The nos mutant also displayed reduced virulence in a murine sepsis infection model, and increased carotenoid pigmentation when cultured on agar plates, both previously-undescribed nos mutant phenotypes. Utilizing the fluorescent stain 4-Amino-5-Methylamino-2',7'-Difluorofluorescein (DAF-FM) diacetate, decreased levels of intracellular NO/reactive nitrogen species (RNS) were detected in the nos mutant on agar plates. These results reinforce the important role of saNOS in S. aureus physiology and virulence, and have identified an in vitro growth condition under which saNOS activity appears to be upregulated. However, the significance of the operon organization of nos-pdt and potential relationship between these two enzymes remains to be elucidated.
Additional file 1 of Key factors predicting suspected severe malaria case management and health outcomes: an operational study in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Creators: name: Okitawutshu, Jean
name: Signorell, Aita
name: Kalenga, Jean-Claude
name: Mukomena, Eric
name: Delvento, Giulia
name: Burri, Christian
name: Mwaluke, Fatou
name: Buj, Valentina
name: Sangare, Moulaye
name: Luketa, Sylvie
name: Brunner, Nina
name: Lee, Tristan
name: Hetzel, Manuel
name: Lengeler, Christian
name: Tshefu, Antoinette
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Map displaying the three CARAMAL study health zones in the Democratic Republicof the Congo.
Data to Articel: Dissolved organic matter characteristics of deciduous and coniferous forests with variable management: different at the source, aligned in the soil
Creators: name: Thieme, Lisa
name: Graeber, Daniel
name: Hofmann, Diana
name: Bischoff, Sebastian
name: Schwarz, Martin T.
name: Steffen, Bernhard
name: Meyer, Ulf-Niklas
name: Kaupenjohann, Martin
name: Wilke, Wolfgang
name: Michalzik, Beate
name: Siemens, Jan
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik
subject: DOM characterization
subject: biodegradability
subject: FTICR-MS
subject: fluorescence spectroscopy

description: This dataset contains the data to the article: "Dissolved organic matter characteristics of deciduous and coniferous forests with variable management: different at the source, aligned in the soil" published in Biogeosciences
Data for the investigation of the task dependency of the attentional focus effect
Creators: name: Wähnert, Svetlana
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 152 Sinneswahrnehmung, Bewegung, Emotionen, Triebe
subject: attentional focus
subject: balance
subject: mental image
subject: visual feedback

description: The csv file contains data from two experiments to investigate the task dependency of the attentional focus effect. In two experiments the participants learned a balancing task and focused either internally or externally. In Experiment 1 there was no concurrent feedback, in Experiment 2 the centre of pressure was visualized on a screen. The data set contains the performance data in the balancing task, the results of the manipulation control and demographic data. The txt file contains the explanations and variable labels for each variable. A more detailed description can be found in the doctoral thesis of Wähnert (2019).
Controlling Cyanobacterial Blooms in Hypertrophic Lake Taihu, China: Will Nitrogen Reductions Cause Replacement of Non-N2 Fixing by N2 Fixing Taxa?
Creators: name: Paerl, Hans W.
name: Wu, Yali
name: Dong, Linghan
name: Qin, Boqiang
name: Rossignol, Karen L.
name: Zhu, Guangwei
name: Hall, Nathan S.
name: McCarthy, Mark J.
name: Joyner, Alan R.
name: Xu, Hai
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Excessive anthropogenic nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) inputs have caused an alarming increase in harmful cyanobacterial blooms, threatening sustainability of lakes and reservoirs worldwide. Hypertrophic Lake Taihu, China’s third largest freshwater lake, typifies this predicament, with toxic blooms of the non-N2 fixing cyanobacteria Microcystis spp. dominating from spring through fall. Previous studies indicate N and P reductions are needed to reduce bloom magnitude and duration. However, N reductions may encourage replacement of non-N2 fixing with N2 fixing cyanobacteria. This potentially counterproductive scenario was evaluated using replicate, large (1000 L), in-lake mesocosms during summer bloom periods. N+P additions led to maximum phytoplankton production. Phosphorus enrichment, which promoted N limitation, resulted in increases in N2 fixing taxa (Anabaena spp.), but it did not lead to significant replacement of non-N2 fixing with N2 fixing cyanobacteria, and N2 fixation rates remained ecologically insignificant. Furthermore, P enrichment failed to increase phytoplankton production relative to controls, indicating that N was the most limiting nutrient throughout this period. We propose that Microcystis spp. and other non-N2 fixing genera can maintain dominance in this shallow, highly turbid, nutrient-enriched lake by outcompeting N2 fixing taxa for existing sources of N and P stored and cycled in the lake. To bring Taihu and other hypertrophic systems below the bloom threshold, both N and P reductions will be needed until the legacy of high N and P loading and sediment nutrient storage in these systems is depleted. At that point, a more exclusive focus on P reductions may be feasible.
Characterisation of Glass Electrodes and RPC Detectors for $INO-ICAL$ Experiment
Creators: name: Naimuddin, Md.
name: Kaur, Daljeet
name: Kumar, Purnendu
name: Gaur, Ankit
name: Kumar, Praveen
name: Hasbuddin, Md.
name: Mishra, Swati
name: Kumar, Ashok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: India-based Neutrino Observatory (INO) is a planned neutrino experiment to be build up in southern part of India.The INO observatory will host a 51 kton Iron Calorimeter (ICAL) detector to detect atmospheric neutrinos. Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) has been chosen as the active detector element for the ICAL experiment. The ICAL experiment will consist of about 28,000 RPC's of dimension $2~m\times 2~m$, divided into three modules. The experiment is planned to take data at least for 20 years from its start date. Due to the large number of RPC needed for ICAL experiment and the long lifetime of the experiment, it is necessary to carry out detailed $R\&D$ to optimise each and every parameter of the detector performance. We report on the performance studies carried out on the RPC's made with these electrodes, and finally compare the detector performance with that of the material properties to optimise the detector parameters.
description: To be published in JINST
Data from a sensorimotor adaptation experiment in virtual reality
Creators: name: Wähnert, Svetlana
name: Gerhards, Alexander
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 158 Angewandte Psychologie
subject: sensorimotor adaptation
subject: virtual reality
subject: aftereffect
subject: pointing

description: The csv file contains behavioural data from a virtual reality experiment. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between the number of interactions and the aftereffect in virtual reality. After a baseline measurement, the virtual environment was displaced visually. During this adaptation phase, the participants performed either zero, five, or thirty-five pointing movements. Afterwards, all participants performed the pointing movements without the visual displacement in the virtual environment. In all phases, the horizontal deviation from the target was measured in cm. The pdf file contains the explanations and variable labels for each variable.
Correction: Effect of Broccoli Sprouts on Nasal Response to Live Attenuated Influenza Virus in Smokers: A Randomized, Double-Blind Study
Creators: name: Jaspers, Ilona
name: Müller, Loretta
name: Zhang, Hongtao
name: Meyer, Megan
name: Bauer, Rebecca N.
name: Murphy, Paula C.
name: Zhou, Haibo
name: Robinette, Carole
name: Jones, Shannon
name: Noah, Terry L.
name: Glista-Baker, Ellen
name: Letang, Blanche
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: BackgroundSmokers have increased susceptibility and altered innate host defense responses to influenza virus infection. Broccoli sprouts are a source of the Nrf2 activating agentsulforaphane, and short term ingestion of broccoli sprout homogenates (BSH) has been shown to reduce nasal inflammatory responses to oxidant pollutants.ObjectivesAssess the effects of BSH on nasal cytokines, virus replication, and Nrf2-dependent enzyme expression in smokers and nonsmokers.MethodsWe conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial comparing the effects of BSH on serially sampled nasal lavage fluid (NLF) cytokines, viral sequence quantity, and Nrf2-dependent enzyme expression in NLF cells and biopsied epithelium. Healthy young adult smokers and nonsmokers ingested BSH or placebo (alfalfa sprout homogenate) for 4 days, designated Days -1, 0, 1, 2. On Day 0 they received standard vaccine dose of live attenuated influenza virus (LAIV) intranasally. Nasal lavage fluids and nasal biopsies were collected serially to assess response to LAIV.ResultsIn area under curve analyses, post-LAIV IL-6 responses (P = 0.03) and influenza sequences (P = 0.01) were significantly reduced in NLF from BSH-treated smokers, whileNAD(P)H: quinoneoxidoreductasein NLF cells was significantly increased. In nonsmokers, a similar trend for reduction in virus quantity with BSH did not reach statistical significance.ConclusionsIn smokers, short term ingestion of broccoli sprout homogenates appears to significantly reduce some virus-induced markers of inflammation, as well as reducing virus quantity. Nutritional antioxidant interventions have promise as a safe, low-cost strategy for reducing influenza risk among smokers and other at risk populations.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT01269723
Additional file 2 of Key factors predicting suspected severe malaria case management and health outcomes: an operational study in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Creators: name: Okitawutshu, Jean
name: Signorell, Aita
name: Kalenga, Jean-Claude
name: Mukomena, Eric
name: Delvento, Giulia
name: Burri, Christian
name: Mwaluke, Fatou
name: Buj, Valentina
name: Sangare, Moulaye
name: Luketa, Sylvie
name: Brunner, Nina
name: Lee, Tristan
name: Hetzel, Manuel
name: Lengeler, Christian
name: Tshefu, Antoinette
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. iCCM general danger signs and DRC-specific iCCM danger signs.
A Kinematic Conservation Law in Free Surface Flow
Creators: name: Gavrilyuk, Sergey
name: Kalisch, Henrik
name: Khorsand, Zahra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 76B07, 76B15

description: The Green-Naghdi system is used to model highly nonlinear weakly dispersive waves propagating at the surface of a shallow layer of a perfect fluid. The system has three associated conservation laws which describe the conservation of mass, momentum, and energy due to the surface wave motion. In addition, the system features a fourth conservation law which is the main focus of this note. It is shown how this fourth conservation law can be interpreted in terms of a concrete kinematic quantity connected to the evolution of the tangent velocity at the free surface. The equation for the tangent velocity is first derived for the full Euler equations in both two and three dimensional flows, and in both cases, it gives rise to an approximate balance law in the Green-Naghdi theory which turns out to be identical to the fourth conservation law for this system.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure
Correlation between Compartmental Tenofovir Concentrations and an Ex Vivo Rectal Biopsy Model of Tissue Infectibility in the RMP-02/MTN-006 Phase 1 Study
Creators: name: Kashuba, Angela
name: Cranston, Ross D.
name: Mauck, Christine
name: Hendrix, Craig W.
name: Elliott, Julie
name: Yang, Kuo
name: Richardson-Harman, Nicola
name: McGowan, Ian
name: Anton, Peter A.
name: Tanner, Karen
name: Bumpus, Namandjé N.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: ObjectivesThis study was designed to assess the dose-response relationship between tissue, blood, vaginal and rectal compartment concentrations of tenofovir (TFV) and tenofovir diphosphate (TFVdp) and ex vivo rectal HIV suppression following oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and rectal administration of TFV 1% vaginally-formulated gel.DesignPhase 1, randomized, two-site (US), double-blind, placebo-controlled study of sexually-abstinent males and females.MethodsEighteen participants received a single 300 mg exposure of oral TDF and were then randomized 2∶1 to receive a single then seven-daily rectal exposures of TFV 1% gel (40 mg TFV per 4 ml gel application) or hydroxyethyl-cellulose (HEC) placebo gel. Blood and rectal biopsies were collected for pharmacokinetic TDF and TFVdp analyses and ex vivo HIV-1 challenge.ResultsThere was a significant fit for the TFVdp dose-response model for rectal tissue (p = 0.0004), CD4+MMC (p<0.0001), CD4−MMC (p<0.0001), and TotalMMC (p<0.0001) compartments with r2 ranging 0.36–0.64. Higher concentrations of TFVdp corresponded with lower p24, consistent with drug-mediated virus suppression. The single oral treatment failed to provide adequate compartment drug exposure to reach the EC50 of rectal tissue TFVdp predicted to be necessary to suppress HIV in rectal tissue. The EC50 for CD4+MMC was within the single topical treatment range, providing evidence that a 1% topical, vaginally-formulated TFV gel provided in-vivo doses predicted to provide for 50% efficacy in the ex vivo assay. The 7-daily topical TFV gel treatment provided TFVdp concentrations that reached EC90 biopsy efficacy for CD4−MMC, CD4+MMC and TotalMMC compartments.ConclusionThe TFVdp MMC compartment (CD4+, CD4− and Total) provided the best surrogate for biopsy infectibility and the 7-daily topical TFV gel treatment provided the strongest PK profile for HIV suppression.ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00984971.
Additional file 3 of Key factors predicting suspected severe malaria case management and health outcomes: an operational study in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Creators: name: Okitawutshu, Jean
name: Signorell, Aita
name: Kalenga, Jean-Claude
name: Mukomena, Eric
name: Delvento, Giulia
name: Burri, Christian
name: Mwaluke, Fatou
name: Buj, Valentina
name: Sangare, Moulaye
name: Luketa, Sylvie
name: Brunner, Nina
name: Lee, Tristan
name: Hetzel, Manuel
name: Lengeler, Christian
name: Tshefu, Antoinette
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Figure S3. Inclusion flow-chart.
Supplementary text and additional figures from Methanol on the rocks: green rust transformation promotes the oxidation of methane
Creators: name: Farr, Orion
name: Gaudu, Nil
name: Danger, Gregoire
name: Russell, Michael J.
name: Ferry, Daniel
name: NITSCHKE, Wolfgang
name: Duval, Simon
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Geochemistry
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Environmental Science
subject: Astrobiology

description: Supplementary text and additional figures
CREB Targets Define the Gene Expression Signature of Malignancies Having Reduced Levels of the Tumor Suppressor Tristetraprolin
Creators: name: Fallahi, Mohammad
name: Rounbehler, Robert J.
name: Amelio, Antonio L.
name: Cleveland, John L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The RNA-binding protein Tristetraprolin (TTP, ZFP36) functions as a tumor suppressor that impairs the development and disables the maintenance of MYC-driven lymphoma. In addition, other human cancers expressed reduced levels of TTP, suggesting that it may function as a tumor suppressor in several malignancies. To identify genes that may be associated with TTP tumor suppressor functions in human cancer, we analyzed The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) breast cancer, lung adenocarcinoma, lung squamous cell carcinoma, and colon adenocarcinoma datasets. These analyses defined a signature of 50 genes differentially regulated between high and low TTP-expressing tumors. Notably, patients with low TTP-expressing breast cancer and lung adenocarcinoma had decreased survival rates and more aggressive tumors with increased necrosis. In addition, analysis across non-TCGA tumor gene expression databases identified a broad spectrum of human cancers having similarities with the TTP-low tumor gene signature, including pancreatic, bladder, and prostate cancer. TTP has documented roles in regulating mRNAs encoding inflammatory proteins, and pathway analysis identified several inflammatory pathways that are altered in tumors with low TTP expression. Surprisingly, the TTP-low tumor gene signature includes a core component of 20 under-expressed CREB target genes, suggesting that the regulation of CREB activity may be related to the tumor suppressor function of TTP. Thus, reduced levels of TTP are a potential biomarker for human cancers with poor outcome, and targeting the CREB pathway may be a therapeutic route for treating aggressive TTP-low tumors.
Berlin Robust Orientation Estimation Assessment Dataset (BROAD)
Creators: name: Laidig, Daniel
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
subject: inertial sensor
subject: inertial measurement unit
subject: orientation estimation
subject: attitude estimation
subject: magnetic disturbances
subject: benchmark dataset

description: Data files and example code for the BROAD benchmark for inertial orientation estimation. For more details, see the following publication: D. Laidig, M. Caruso, A. Cereatti, T. Seel. BROAD -- A Benchmark for Robust Inertial Orientation Estimation. Submitted to Data. A copy of this dataset is also available at https://github.com/dlaidig/broad.
The modelling and its verification of sandwich panels including connections in fire resistance tests
Creators: name: Xu, Qingfeng
name: Hofmeyer, Hèrm
name: Maljaars, Johan
name: Herpen, Ruud A.P. van
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Fire safety engineering

description: This paper presents two full-scale fire resistance tests of sandwich panels with connections, to verify one-way coupled fire-structure simulations. The heat transfer simulations agree well with the tests, however, the structural response simulations show some differences compared to the start of the first test, which is a sandwich panel façade. A parameter study is conducted to resolve these differences. It is shown that of little influence are the modelling of the fire, the description of the steel's thermal expansion, the modelling of the tongue and groove connections, and variations of the connection stiffness. Differently, glue decomposition, resulting in delamination, and related sandwich face instabilities are likely to be the cause of the differences. In the second test, a so-called stud bolts test, connection failures by vertical bearing were reported, but further mechanical measurements were not carried out. To simulate the connection failures, in the simulations additionally a two-scale model is incorporated for the connections. This model shows that horizontal bearing occurs in a direction perpendicular to the load due to lateral expansion of the system. As a conclusion, state-of-the-art fire-structure simulations can simulate full-scale fire tests of sandwich panels, however, panel delamination and stability should be modelled in detail. Furthermore, tests should always include detailed measurements with respect to the mechanical behaviour, e.g. with respect to panel buckling, delamination, and connection failures.
Probing the Mysteries of the X-Ray Binary 4U 1210-64 with ASM, PCA, MAXI, BAT and Suzaku
Creators: name: Coley, Joel B.
name: Corbet, Robin H. D.
name: Mukai, Koji
name: Pottschmidt, Katja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: 4U 1210-64 has been postulated to be a High-Mass X-ray Binary powered by the Be mechanism. X-ray observations with Suzaku, the ISS Monitor of All-sky X-ray Image (MAXI) and the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer Proportional Counter Array (PCA) and All Sky Monitor (ASM) provide detailed temporal and spectral information on this poorly understood source. Long term ASM and MAXI observations show distinct high and low states and the presence of a 6.7101 +/- 0.0005 day modulation, interpreted as the orbital period. Folded light curves reveal a sharp dip, interpreted as an eclipse. To determine the nature of the mass donor, the predicted eclipse half-angle was calculated as a function of inclination angle for several stellar spectral types. The eclipse half-angle is not consistent with a mass donor of spectral type B5 V; however, stars with spectral types B0 V or B0-5 III are possible. The best-fit spectral model consists of a power law with index gamma = 1.85 (+0.04,-0.05) and a high-energy cutoff at 5.5 +/- 0.2 keV modified by an absorber that fully covers the source as well as partially covering absorption. Emission lines from S XVI K alpha, Fe K alpha, Fe XXV K alpha and Fe XXVI K alpha were observed in the Suzaku spectra. Out-of-eclipse, Fe K alpha line flux was strongly correlated with unabsorbed continuum flux, indicating that the Fe I emission is the result of fluorescence of cold dense material near the compact object. The Fe I feature is not detected during eclipse, further supporting an origin close to the compact object.
description: 33 pages, 18 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal