cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The establishment and expansion of the International Baccalaureate (IB) in British Columbia, 1974-2016.
Creators: name: Leggett, Shannon Kelley
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: This qualitative historical context case study examines the factors that influenced the establishment and expansion of the International Baccalaureate (IB) in British Columbia (BC) from 1974-2016. This study’s historical case, the IB in BC from 1974-2016, was examined through documents and 24 interviews, in the context of international IB policies and experience, as well as the BC educational environment (including BC Ministry of Education policy, University of British Columbia policy, population demographics, and local school configurations). The period 1974-2016 was chosen as 1974 was the date that the first IB school in BC was established, and because the International Baccalaureate Organization provided registration data on BC schools through October of 2016. After an overview of the history of the establishment of the IB in BC, the findings were organized into the “factors/reasons” that influenced the establishment and expansion of the IB. These included the impact of the Global Education movement, the IB philosophy, its curriculum and pedagogy, legislative factors, economic factors, tertiary education policies, and alumni reflection/programme reputation. These findings were followed by an analysis of how the new 2015 BC Curriculum (BCEd Plan) impacted and could continue to impact the IB in BC. Overall, the IB was established and expanded in BC in this time period as the various school stakeholders who adopted it were looking for a well-developed, cyclically reviewed, externally accountable curriculum. Though the IB is expensive to implement and is often academically demanding, its expansion was encouraged by various legislative and administrative changes that helped it to become an attractive curricular option. The history of the IB in BC has implications for educational reform initiatives elsewhere in Canada and internationally.
Antisymmetry in the Faraday Rotation Sky Caused by a Nearby Magnetized Bubble
Creators: name: Wolleben, M.
name: Fletcher, A.
name: Landecker, T. L.
name: Carretti, E.
name: Dickey, J. M.
name: Gaensler, B. M.
name: Haverkorn, M.
name: McClure-Griffiths, N.
name: Reich, W.
name: Taylor, A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rotation measures of pulsars and extragalactic point sources have been known to reveal large-scale antisymmetries in the Faraday rotation sky with respect to the Galactic plane and halo that have been interpreted as signatures of the mean magnetic field in the Galactic halo. We describe Faraday rotation measurements of the diffuse Galactic polarized radio emission over a large region in the northern Galactic hemisphere. Through application of Rotation Measure Synthesis we achieve sensitive Faraday rotation maps with high angular resolution, capable of revealing fine-scale structures of about 1 deg in the Faraday rotation sky. Our analysis suggests that the observed antisymmetry in the Faraday rotation sky at b > 0 deg is dominated by the magnetic field around a local HI bubble at a distance of approx. 100 pc, and not by the magnetic field of the Galactic halo. We derive physical properties of the magnetic field of this shell, which we find to be 20 - 34 uG strong. It is clear that the diffuse polarized radio emission contains important information about the local magneto-ionic medium, which cannot yet be derived from Faraday rotation measures of extragalactic sources or pulsars alone.
description: Published in Astrophysical Journal Letters 724 (2010) L48-L52
MPEC 2024-C66 : 2013 AG211
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2013 AG211

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Study on the pathogenesis of acephalic spermatozoa syndrome
Creators: name: 魏晓利
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2023
Subjects: Variation
Other
Peripheral blood from the patients
Medical

description: Genetics is an important cause of acephalic spermatozoa syndrome, and the search for the causative gene that causes acephalic spermatozoa syndrome can help guide the clinical diagnosis and treatment of acephalic spermatozoa syndrome.
On an application of Guth-Katz theorem
Creators: name: Iosevich, Alex
name: Roche-Newton, Oliver
name: Rudnev, Misha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52C10

description: We prove that for some universal $c$, a non-collinear set of $N>\frac{1}{c}$ points in the Euclidean plane determines at least $c \frac{N}{\log N}$ distinct areas of triangles with one vertex at the origin, as well as at least $c \frac{N}{\log N}$ distinct dot products. This in particular implies a sum-product bound $$ |A\cdot A\pm A\cdot A|\geq c\frac{|A|^2}{\log |A|} $$ for a discrete $A \subset {\mathbb R}$.
description: This paper has been withdrawn. A corrected version can be found at arXiv:1512.02670
Holographic Renormalization of general dilaton-axion gravity
Creators: name: Papadimitriou, Ioannis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a very general dilaton-axion system coupled to Einstein-Hilbert gravity in arbitrary dimension and we carry out holographic renormalization for any dimension up to and including five dimensions. This is achieved by developing a new systematic algorithm for iteratively solving the radial Hamilton-Jacobi equation in a derivative expansion. The boundary term derived is valid not only for asymptotically AdS backgrounds, but also for more general asymptotics, including non-conformal branes and Improved Holographic QCD. In the second half of the paper, we apply the general result to Improved Holographic QCD with arbitrary dilaton potential. In particular, we derive the generalized Fefferman-Graham asymptotic expansions and provide a proof of the holographic Ward identities.
description: 42 pages. v2: two references added. Version published in JHEP. v3: fixed minor typos in eqs. (1.6), (2.3), (3.20), (A.3), (B.8), (B.12) and (B.22)
Constructing graphs over $R^n$ with small prescribed mean-curvature
Creators: name: Carley, Holly
name: Kiessling, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35J93, 53A10, 53A07

description: In this paper a convergent series expansion is constructed to solve the prescribed mean curvature equation for n-dimensional hypersurfaces in n+1 dimensional Euclidean or Minkowskian space(time) which are graphs of a smooth real function u, and whose mean curvature function H is not too large in Hoelder norm, and integrable. Our approach is inspired by the Maxwell-Born-Infeld theory of electromagnetism in Minkowski spacetime, for which our method yields the first systematic way of explicitly computing the electrostatic potential u for regular charge densities proportional to H and small Born parameter.
description: 28 pages, LaTeX, To appear in Mathematical Physics, Analysis, and Geometry (2015)
The Influence of Inflammation on the Characteristics of Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (ADMSCs)
Creators: name: 肖靖芳(Xiao Jingfang)
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2023
Subjects: Transcriptome or Gene expression
Monoisolate

description: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells with self-renewal and multi-directional differentiation potential, and possess the functions of immunomodulation, regulation of cell growth, and repair of damage. Over recent years, MSCs have been found to regulate the secretion of inflammatory factors and to exert regulatory effects on various lymphocytes in inflammatory states, and on the subsequent repair of tissue damage caused by inflammation. In the present study, we analyzed the effects of tissue inflammation on the characteristics of MSCs.
Development and application of a population pharmacokinetic model repository for caffeine dose tailoring in preterm infants
Creators: name: Dai, Hao-Ran
name: Guo, Hong-Li
name: Hu, Ya-Hui
name: Liu, Yun
name: Lu, Ke-Yu
name: Zhang, Yuan-Yuan
name: Wang, Jie
name: Ding, Xuan-Sheng
name: Jiao, Zheng
name: Cheng, Rui
name: Chen, Feng
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Considerable interindividual variability for the pharmacokinetics of caffeine in preterm infants has been demonstrated, emphasizing the importance of personalized dosing. This study aimed to develop and apply a repository of currently published population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) models of caffeine in preterm infants to facilitate model-informed precision dosing (MIPD). Literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Relevant publications were screened, and their quality was assessed. PopPK models were reestablished to develop the model repository. Covariate effects were evaluated and the concentration–time profiles were simulated. An online simulation and calculation tool was developed as an instance. Twelve PopPK models were finally included in the repository. Preterm infants’ age and body size, especially the postnatal age and current weight, were identified as the most clinically critical covariates. Simulated blood concentration–time profiles across these models were comparable. Caffeine citrate-dose regimen should be adjusted according to the age and body size of preterm infants. The developed online tool can be used to facilitate clinical decision-making. The first developed repository of PopPK models for caffeine in preterm infants has a wide range of potential applications in the MIPD of caffeine.
Deploying the tolerogenic effects of IDO enzyme and skin fibroblasts in prevention of graft rejection
Creators: name: Khosravi Maharlooei, Mohsen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is an immunosuppressive enzyme with tolerogenic effects on different immune cells. Our group has previously shown that co-transplantation of IDO-expressing fibroblasts with donor tissues can delay immune rejection by inducing local immunosuppression. We first asked a question whether we can improve this effect by delivering the IDO-fibroblasts through a systemic intraperitoneal approach, instead of local co-transplantation, and secondly whether this effect is only delivered by the immunosuppressive effects of IDO or the fibroblast cells have additional immunosuppressive effects. We employed a systemic approach to improve allograft survival without using any immunosuppressive medication. To achieve this, 10 million lentiviral transduced IDO-expressing donor derived fibroblasts were injected into the peritoneal cavity of allograft recipients. We showed that IDO-fibroblast therapy increases the survival of both islets and skin allografts and decreases the infiltration of immune cells in subcutaneous transplanted skins. Indirect pathway of allo-reactive T cell activation was suppressed more than the direct pathway. Injected IDO-fibroblasts were found in peritoneal cavity and mesenteric lymph nodes of the recipient mice. In conclusion, fibroblasts have tolerogenic effects on DCs and IDO-expressing fibroblast therapy proved to be a novel approach in improving the allogeneic graft survival. There is controversy about the immunomodulatory effect of fibroblasts on dendritic cells (DCs). In a mouse model, we showed that intra- peritoneal injection (IP) of both syngeneic and allogeneic fibroblasts significantly increased the expression level of co-inhibitory and co-stimulatory molecules on DCs. Priming of DCs with syngeneic and allogeneic fibroblasts reduced the proliferation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Even activation of fibroblast-primed DCs failed to restore their ability to induce T-cell proliferation. Likewise, priming of DCs with fibroblasts blocked the ability of ovalbumin-pulsed DCs to induce proliferation of ovalbumin-specific CD4+ T cells. Compared with non-activated DCs, fibroblast-primed DCs had significantly higher expression levels of interleukin-10 and IDO. Fibroblast-primed DCs had a significantly reduced interleukin- 12 expression level compared with that of activated DCs. After priming with fibroblasts, DCs were able to migrate to lymphatic tissues and present fibroblast-derived antigens (ovalbumin).
Electromagnetic Enhancement in Lossy Optical Transition Metamaterials
Creators: name: Mozjerin, Irene
name: Gibson, Tolanya
name: Furlani, Edward P.
name: Gabitov, Ildar R.
name: Litchinitser, Natalia M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effect of anomalous field enhancement in metamaterials where the effective refractive index gradually changes from positive to negative values, i.e. transition metamaterials. We demonstrate that considerable field enhancement can be achieved in lossy optical transition metamaterials that have electromagnetic material properties obtained from experimental data. The field enhancement factor is found to be polarization-dependent and largely determined by the material parameters and the width of the transition layer.
Secure $N$-dimensional Simultaneous Dense Coding and Applications
Creators: name: Situ, Haozhen
name: Qiu, Daowen
name: Mateus, Paulo
name: Paunković, Nikola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Simultaneous dense coding guarantees that Bob and Charlie simultaneously receive their respective information from Alice in their respective processes of dense coding. The idea is to use the so-called locking operation to "lock" the entanglement channels, thus requiring a joint unlocking operation by Bob and Charlie in order to simultaneously obtain the information sent by Alice. We present some new results on simultaneous dense coding: (1) We propose three simultaneous dense coding protocols, which use different $N$-dimensional entanglement (Bell state, W state and GHZ state). (2) Besides the quantum Fourier transform, two new locking operators are introduced (the double controlled-NOT operator and the SWAP operator). (3) In the case that spatially distant Bob and Charlie have to finalise the protocol by implementing the unlocking operation through communication, we improve our protocol's fairness, with respect to Bob and Charlie, by implementing the unlocking operation in series of steps. (4) We improve the security of simultaneous dense coding against the intercept-resend attack. (5) We show that simultaneous dense coding can be used to implement a fair contract signing protocol. (6) We also show that the $N$-dimensional quantum Fourier transform can act as the locking operator in simultaneous teleportation of $N$-level quantum systems.
description: 22 pages, comments are welcome
Classifying $C^*$-algebras with both finite and infinite subquotients
Creators: name: Eilers, Soren
name: Restorff, Gunnar
name: Ruiz, Efren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L35, 37B10 (Primary), 46M15, 46M18 (Secondary)

description: We give a classification result for a certain class of $C^{*}$-algebras $\mathfrak{A}$ over a finite topological space $X$ in which there exists an open set $U$ of $X$ such that $U$ separates the finite and infinite subquotients of $\mathfrak{A}$. We will apply our results to $C^{*}$-algebras arising from graphs.
description: Version III: No changes to the text. We only report that Lemma 4.5 is not correct as stated. See arXiv:1505.05951 for the corrected version of Lemma 4.5. As noted in arXiv:1505.05951, the main results of this paper are true verbatim. Version II: Improved some results in Section 3 and loosened the assumptions in Definition 4.1
ASSESSING FIELD STANDARD PRACTICES FOR INCORPORATING BLACK INDIVIDUALS IN EEG RESEARCH
Creators: name: Brown, Lisa Ann
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Clinical psychology

description: EEG is a commonly used method in both research and medical practice that is reliant on electrode to scalp contact to record brain activity. Anti-black racism is a problem that is prevalent within EEG because of both the differences in hair texture, density, and follicle shape as well as the cultural and historical significance of Black hair and touching Black hair for Black people. The potential impact of Black people being unable to successfully receive EEG substantial including: risk of misdiagnosis, lack of representation within neurophysiological research, and negative experiences to Black patients and participants. In the current study, we began to address the gap in the literature regarding Black hair and EEG by surveying current principal investigators (PIs) who are leading laboratories using EEG as a primary method. The primary objective was to gain an initial understanding of the way in which members of laboratories primarily using EEG in various parts of the country currently engage with Black participants, and to what extent they do so at all. We utilized quantitative and qualitative questions in order to assess a variety of components for each laboratory. We used a case study method approach to data analysis. Our findings suggest that there is value in examining concerns of underrepresentation of Black people in EEG. The laboratories in our study primarily did not have tailored outreach for Black participants. Many laboratories in our sample did not alter protocols for Black participants. Eight of our nine case studies reported additional challenges when working with Black participants in comparison to Non-Black participants; Each of those laboratories reported excluding the Black participant or not using the Black participant’s data after the fact. It is essential that we continue to examine the various components of conducting EEG with Black people to gain a better understanding, and therefor inform future best practices.
Egyptian and Nubian Collection of La Plata Museum, Argentina
Creators: name: Zingarelli, Andrea Paula
Publisher: name: CIPEG Journal: Ancient Egyptian & Sudanese Collections and Museums
Year: 2024

description: The Museum of La Plata (Museo de La Plata), an institution affiliated with the University of La Plata Argentina, houses an Egyptian collection formed between the late nineteenth century and the 1960s. This article presents the motivations for its origin and development, and mentions the typology of the objects and the characteristics of the pieces that make up the collection of Egyptian antiquities, including Nubian artefacts. The sources that account for these processes and the bibliography corresponding to the object studies make a better understanding of this collection possible.
description: CIPEG Journal: Ancient Egyptian & Sudanese Collections and Museums, No. 7 (2023)
title: Mediastinal spindle cell sarcoma presenting as paraneoplastic pemphigus: Very rare case report
Creators: name: Gupta, Parul
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chest imaging
subject: Thorax
subject: CT
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 55-year-old woman presented with two months of bullous skin lesions, oral ulcers and conjunctivitis. She gave no history of prior medications or medical disease. Family history was unremarkable. Systemic examination and laboratory investigations were within normal limits. She was advised of Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) of chest and abdomen for ruling out underlying neoplasia.

description: 55 years, female
Dimensional reduction and confinement from five dimensions
Creators: name: Knechtli, Francesco
name: Irges, Nikos
name: Rago, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study non-perturbatively five-dimensional SU(2) gauge theories by means of the mean-field expansion on the lattice. On the anisotropic torus we show that a continuum limit can be defined where the anisotropy is a relevant parameter. The analysis of the static force supports the fact that the four-dimensional hyperplanes decouple from each other in the continuum limit. Clear signs of confinement are found in the static potential along the hyperplanes. We present first results from Monte Carlo simulations on the phase diagram.
description: Contribution to the proceedings of Lattice 2010, Sardinia, Italy, 7 pages, 8 figures
A Poisson allocation of optimal tail
Creators: name: Markó, Roland
name: Timár, Ádám
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The allocation problem for a $d$-dimensional Poisson point process is to find a way to partition the space to parts of equal size, and to assign the parts to the configuration points in a measurable, "deterministic" (equivariant) way. The goal is to make the diameter $R$ of the part assigned to a configuration point have fast decay. We present an algorithm for $d\geq3$ that achieves an $O(\operatorname {exp}(-cR^d))$ tail, which is optimal up to $c$. This improves the best previously known allocation rule, the gravitational allocation, which has an $\operatorname {exp}(-R^{1+o(1)})$ tail. The construction is based on the Ajtai-Komlós-Tusnády algorithm and uses the Gale-Shapley-Hoffman-Holroyd-Peres stable marriage scheme (as applied to allocation problems).
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/15-AOP1001 in the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Distance growth of quantum states due to initial system--environment correlations
Creators: name: Dajka, J.
name: Luczka, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intriguing features of the distance between two arbitrary states of an open quantum system are identified that are induced by initial system-environment correlations. As an example, we analyze a qubit dephasingly coupled to a bosonic environment. Within tailored parameter regimes, initial correlations are shown to substantially increase a distance between two qubit states evolving to long-time limit states according to exact non-Markovian dynamics. It exemplifies the breakdown of the distance contractivity of the reduced dynamics.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Local Zeta Functions for Non-degenerate Laurent Polynomials Over p-adic Fields
Creators: name: Leon-Cardenal, E.
name: Zuniga-Galindo, W. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14G10, 11S40 (Primary), 11T23, 14M25 (Secondary)

description: In this article, we study local zeta functions attached to Laurent polynomials over p-adic fields, which are non-degenerate with respect to their Newton polytopes at infinity. As an application we obtain asymptotic expansions for p-adic oscillatory integrals attached to Laurent polynomials. We show the existence of two different asymptotic expansions for p-adic oscillatory integrals, one when the absolute value of the parameter approaches infinity, the other when the absolute value of the parameter approaches zero. These two asymptotic expansions are controlled by the poles of twisted local zeta functions of Igusa type.
description: The condition on the critical set on the mapping f considered in Section 2.5 of our article is not sufficient to assure the vanishing of the twisted local zeta functions (for almost all the characters) as we assert in Theorem 3.9. A new condition on the mapping f is provided
Upper-body motion coordination after stroke : insights from kinematic and muscle synergies
Creators: name: Lambert-Shirzad, Navid
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Several studies suggest that the human central nervous system controls groups of muscles and/or joints (synergies) rather than controlling each muscle or joint separately to reduce the dimensionality of motor planning and execution. Furthermore, recent studies with stroke survivors indicate that motor impairment after stroke is due to a disruption in the recruitment and the combination of the motor synergies. The objective of the work in this thesis was to investigate human upper body motor coordination and to demonstrate the viability of synergistic motor control theory in describing the natural upper body movements, as well as quantifying the effects of stroke on motion generation. A critique of previous studies on this topic is that the synergies they report are task-specific and reflect the biomechanical constraints of the task rather than the neural strategies of motor control. To address this, the studies covered in this dissertation were focused on quantification of motor synergies demonstrated during exploratory motor tasks. Exploratory motions have the potential to reveal individualized motion tendencies or motor deficits. The first study compared the robustness of matrix factorization methods reported in literature to characterize motor synergies, and showed that non-negative matrix factorization is more suited for synergy analysis. The second study established how much exploratory motion data is needed to reliably extract motor synergies of healthy and stroke survivor individuals. A group of healthy adults were recruited for the third study. The results showed that motor synergies between the dominant and non-dominant hands of healthy adults are similar (within-subject similarities) and that healthy adults share a set of “healthy” motor synergies (between-subjects similarities). The fourth study explored how stroke changes motor synergies. The study showed that healthy motor synergies are preserved in the less-affected arm of stroke survivors. However, the motor synergies of the stroke-affected arm are altered through merging and fractionation of healthy synergies and these processes are a function of the individual’s impairment and time post-stroke. These results offer a better understanding of motor synergies and can improve rehabilitation practices by identifying strengthening physical therapy exercises that utilize or promote the use of “healthy” synergies.
The Future of Meatless Diets: Perceptions and Decisions About Meat Consumption in the US
Creators: name: Shi, Ting Ting
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2022

description: Dietary consumption is a universal aspect of daily life and impacts human existence through nutrition, health, and the environment. While plant-based diets have long existed in the Western world, meat consumption and attachment to meat have increased and increasingly defined consumers. In this research, I survey Americans to examine this construct of meat attachment, attitudes about meat, current behaviors, and dietary intentions. I also explore consumer decision-making regarding dietary options by modifying two aspects of choice architecture: the default and information provision. My research found that while US consumers maintain a strong attachment to meat, changing the default option on a menu and providing information did influence consumers to opt for the meatless choice. I, therefore, recommend that the US Department of Agriculture and Health and Human Services reform the National Dietary Guidelines and improve the National School Lunch Program to incorporate plant-based options and invest in a plant-based future.Dietary consumption is a universal aspect of daily life and impacts human existence through nutrition, health, and the environment. While plant-based diets have long existed in the Western world, meat consumption and attachment to meat have increased and increasingly defined consumers. In this research, I survey Americans to examine this construct of meat attachment, attitudes about meat, current behaviors, and dietary intentions. I also explore consumer decision-making regarding dietary options by modifying two aspects of choice architecture: the default and information provision. My research found that while US consumers maintain a strong attachment to meat, changing the default option on a menu and providing information did influence consumers to opt for the meatless choice. I, therefore, recommend that the US Department of Agriculture and Health and Human Services reform the National Dietary Guidelines and improve the National School Lunch Program to incorporate plant-based options and invest in a plant-based future.
Bonding of articular cartilage utilising a combination of biochemical degradation and surface cross-linking
Creators: name: Englert, Carsten
name: Blunk, Torsten
name: Müller, Rainer
name: Schulze, S.
name: Baumer, Julia
name: Fierlbeck, J.
name: Heid, I.
name: Nerlich, Michael
name: Hammer, J.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: articular cartilage surface degrdn cross linking
subject: 540 Chemie

description: After trauma, articular cartilage often does not heal due to incomplete bonding of the fractured surfaces. Within this study we investigated the ability of chem. cross-linkers to facilitate bonding of articular cartilage, either alone or in combination with a pre-treatment with surface-degrading agents. Articular cartilage blocks were harvested from the femoropatellar groove of bovine calves. Two cartilage blocks, either after pre-treatment or without, were assembled in a custom-designed chamber in partial apposition and subjected to crosslinking treatment. Subsequently, bonding of cartilage was measured as adhesive strength, i.e., the max. force at rupture of bonded cartilage blocks divided by the overlap area. In a first approach, bonding was investigated after treatment with crosslinking reagents only, employing (A) glutaraldehyde, (B) 1-ethyl-3-diaminopropylcarbodiimide (EDC)/N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS), (C) genipin, or (D) transglutaminase. Expts. were conducted with or without compression of the opposing surfaces. Compression during crosslinking strongly enhanced bonding, esp. when applying EDC/NHS and glutaraldehyde. Therefore, all further expts. were performed under compressive conditions. When combining each of the four crosslinking agents with the degrading pre-treatments pepsin, trypsin, and guanidine, pre-treatment led to distinct improvement of bonding, as compared to the use of cross-linkers alone. The highest values in adhesive strength were achieved employing the combinations pepsin or guanidine with EDC/NHS, and guanidine with glutaraldehyde. The release of extracellular matrix components (ECM), i.e., glycosaminoglycans and total collagen, from cartilage blocks after pre-treatment was measured, but could not directly be correlated to the detd. adhesive strength. Cytotoxicity was detd. for all substances employed, i.e., surface degrading agents and cross-linkers, using the resazurin assay. Taking the favorable cell vitality after treatment with pepsin and EDC/NHS and the cytotoxic effects of guanidine and glutaraldehyde into account, the combination of pepsin and EDC/NHS appeared as the most advantageous treatment within this study. In conclusion, bonding of articular cartilage blocks was achieved by chem. fixation of their surface components using crosslinking reagents. Application of compressive forces and prior modulation of surface structures enhanced cartilage bonding significantly. Enzymic treatment in combination with cross-linkers may represent a promising addn. to current techniques for articular cartilage repair.
Hafanana - archive
Creators: name: Unknown, User
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: http://eurovoc.europa.eu/3790

description: Jaś i Małgosia stawiają serwer z piernika
description: Research Object in rohub2020: https://w3id.org/ro-id/c5a1e921-cc51-4c8b-8f69-ad75f36ef677
The New, Accessible Mainstreet: An Exploration of E-Commerce Disability Entrepreneurship
Creators: name: Sarasin, Benjamin
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2022

description: In recent years, disability entrepreneurship has become a topic of increasing academic interest, particularly for its potential to facilitate greater inclusion and independence of disabled individuals. However, no research has explicitly focused on disability entrepreneurship in the context of the rapidly proliferating e-commerce business model. In this paper, I explore the unique benefits and challenges of e-commerce business for disabled entrepreneurs through analysis of ten semi-structured interviews with physically disabled e-commerce entrepreneurs. I find that the e-commerce business model can make entrepreneurship more attainable for disabled individuals by mitigating accessibility challenges, financial barriers, and educational barriers which commonly affect traditional disability entrepreneurship. However, disabled entrepreneurs often have difficulty scaling their e-commerce businesses, and a lack of accessibility in the internet and computer technology may still hinder participation. Given these findings, I recommend that the government expand access to capital and educational resources for disabled entrepreneurs and subsidize assistive technology.
Νομικά θέματα σχετικά με την αντιμετώπιση των ανεπιθύμητων ενεργειών σε κλινικές δοκιμές φαρμάκων
Creators: name: Παπαδοπούλου, Αικατερίνη Ιορδάνη
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2024
Subjects: Φαρμακευτικό Δίκαιο
Νομοθεσία
Ανεπιθύμητες ενέργειες
Pharmaceutical Law
Laws
Adverse Reactions

description: Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία εξετάζει το νομικό και ηθικό πλαίσιο που διέπει τις κλινικές δοκιμές φαρμάκων, με έμφαση στην προστασία των δικαιωμάτων των ασθενών και τη διαχείριση των ανεπιθύμητων ενεργειών. Αρχικά αναλύονται τα διεθνή και ευρωπαϊκά νομοθετικά πλαίσια, καθώς και η εθνική νομοθεσία που διέπει τις κλινικές δοκιμές. Στη συνέχεια εξετάζονται οι κατηγορίες ανεπιθύμητων ενεργειών, η υποχρέωση πληροφόρησης για αυτές και οι πρακτικές αντιμετώπισής τους. Τέλος, παρουσιάζονται συμπεράσματα και ηθικά διλήμματα σχετικά με τις ανεπιθύμητες ενέργειες στο πλαίσιο κλινικών δοκιμών. Η έρευνα προσφέρει σημαντική κατανόηση του νομικού και ηθικού πλαισίου που διέπει τις κλινικές δοκιμές φαρμάκων και προτείνει πρακτικές για τη βελτίωση της προστασίας των ασθενών και τη διαχείριση των ανεπιθύμητων ενεργειών.
description: This thesis examines the legal and ethical framework governing clinical drug trials, with an emphasis on the protection of patients' rights and the management of adverse events. Firstly, the international and European legislative frameworks, as well as national legislation governing clinical trials are analyzed. The categories of adverse reactions, the obligation to report them and the practices for dealing with them are then examined. Finally, conclusions and ethical dilemmas regarding adverse reactions in the context of clinical trials are presented. The research provides an important understanding of the legal and ethical framework governing clinical trials of medicines and suggests practices to improve patient protection and the management of adverse events.
Using geomagnetism data to improve geolocation of marine wildlife
Creators: name: Aichinger-Fankhauser, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: geolocation
geomagnetism
demersal fish
hidden Markov model
archival tags

description: This work discusses the potentials of including measurements of geomagnetism in aquatic biotelemetry using archival tags to track marine wildlife with a focus on demersal fish. Despite having many implications for fishery management and wildlife preservation, knowledge derived from studies using electronic tags is rarely included in ocean management actions due to remaining uncertainties. This work poses the question if the consideration of geomagnetism in geolocation could possibly contribute to alleviating these shortcomings. Methodologically, a focus in the literature lies on state-space models and hidden Markov models. Results of the studies reviewed indicate that an inclusion of geomagnetic data can improve geolocation when certain factors such as map resolution and geomagnetic variance specification are considered. However, so far, the results are neither unequivocally positive nor widely applicable to different geographic regions. It is concluded that the measuring of geomagnetism should more frequently be employed in studies using archival tags in order to create a better data corpus for future assessment.
Guida all'Open Science in Horizon Europe
Creators: name: Giglia, Elena
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Horizon Europe, Open Science

description: Guida alle pratiche Open Science obbligatorie e raccomandate in Horizon Europe, con un'infografica su Come applicare Open Science nella proposta in Horizon Europe. L'infografica è stata tradotta da How to address Open Science in HEU proposal, Open Science Team, Ghent University Library, https://osf.io/dp6je/ La Guida si basa su - General Model Grant Agreement [1.0 25 Feb 2021] - Annotated Model Grant Agreement [Pre-draft 23 July 2021] - Standard Application Form [2.0 April 2021] - Programme Guide [1.1 July 2021] Grazie alle colleghe che hanno commentato/corretto le precedenti versioni: Liise Lethsalu, Marisol Occioni e Tessa Piazzini Esiste anche la versione inglese della guida, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5534110
description: La v.4 è stata modificata in modo significativo. Chi avesse scaricato versioni precedenti al 23 settembre 2021 è pregato di scaricare questa versione aggiornata con la Programme Guide e Annotated Model Grant Agreement. La V.5 (29 settembre 2021) ha corretto alcuni refusi e aggiunto un articolo utile a chiarire il rapporto fra brevetti e Open Science.
Partitioning the triangles of the cross polytope into surfaces
Creators: name: Spreer, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52B12, 52B70, 57Q15, 57M20, 05C10

description: We present a constructive proof that there exists a decomposition of the 2-skeleton of the k-dimensional cross polytope $β^k$ into closed surfaces of genus $g \leq 1$, each with a transitive automorphism group given by the vertex transitive $\mathbb{Z}_{2k}$-action on $β^k$. Furthermore we show that for each $k \equiv 1,5(6)$ the 2-skeleton of the (k-1)-simplex is a union of highly symmetric tori and Möbius strips.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure. Minor update. Journal-ref: Beitr. Algebra Geom. / Contributions to Algebra and Geometry, 53(2):473-486, 2012
Political Discourse in High School Social Studies
Creators: name: Hanson, Megan
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2022

description: Most social studies teachers use current events and many engage with controversial topics. Students show increased interest in these topics and benefit civically from deliberation of political issues. I use data from 6 interviews with social studies teachers and 8 interviews with students across two high schools to find varied depth and purpose in utilization of current events. I found that most students found discussion useful to their learning and participation increased in classes where students had more social connections with peers. Conversely, social exclusion caused less participation. In some accounts, political discourse was described as toxic and drama prone, leading some teachers to avoid controversial discussion and leading some students to apoliticism. Teachers expressed a strong commitment to neutrality, which students valued in a facilitator. In some cases, teachers chose neutrality over maintaining values. These findings suggest that teachers need more support to produce high quality civic education, which, according to the theory of deliberative democracy, requires inclusive and cooperative discussions of political issues.
Images of Time and Timelessness: A Musical Reading of Death in Venice
Creators: name: De Munck, Marlies
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Composition (Music)
Time
Music

description: This essay is based on an old, well–known question in aesthetics: how to represent time in its fleetingness without halting, appropriating, objectifying, or transcending it? The question inspires a reading of Thomas Mann’s Death in Venice as the account of a transformation in which a wish to overcome time turns into the erotic desire of being delivered to time. As such, the story reflects the tension between two competing views of music: music as an Apollonian play of time–transcending, auditory forms, and music as the Dionysian art in time. A phenomenological reading of Luchino Visconti’s adaptation of the novella complicates this plainly dualistic opposition. The essay traces how the aesthetic suspension of time is contrasted with, but also depends on, the spectator’s real–time experience. Similarly, the two classical, competing views of music stand in a complex dialectical relation to each other and reflect our existential relation to time.
Many-body localized molecular orbital approach to molecular transport
Creators: name: Ryndyk, Dmitry A.
name: Donarini, Andrea
name: Grifoni, Milena
name: Richter, Klaus
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 73 . 63 . − b
subject: 85 . 65 . + h

description: An ab initio based theoretical approach to describe nonequilibrium many-body effects in molecular transport is developed. We introduce a basis of localized molecular orbitals and formulate the many-body model in this basis. In particular, the Hubbard-Anderson Hamiltonian is derived for single-molecule junctions with intermediate coupling to the leads. As an example we consider a benzenedithiol junction with gold electrodes. An effective few-level model is obtained from which spectral and transport properties are computed and are analyzed. Electron-electron interaction crucially affects transport and induces multiscale Coulomb blockade at low biases. At large bias, transport through asymmetrically coupled molecular edge states results in the occurrence of “anomalous” conductance features, i.e., of peaks with unexpectedly large/small height or even not located at the expected resonance energies.
Expression of Affect and the Emergence of Language
Creators: name: Bloom, Lois
name: Capatides, Joanne Bitetti
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1987
Subjects: Affect (Psychology)
Psycholinguistics
Speech--Psychological aspects
Children--Language
Child development
Language arts
Educational psychology
Developmental psychology

description: The relation between infant affect expression and the emergence of language was studied in 6 girls and 6 boys, from 9 months to 2 years of age. First words (FW) and vocabulary spurt (VS) were identified in the infants' transition from prespeech vocalizing to the emergence of language. Their expressions of affect were coded for the gradient properties of valence (positive, negative, neutral, mixed, equivocal) and intensity. Frequency of nonneutral affect expression at FW and VS was positively correlated with age at FW and VS (p < .02), meaning that the more frequently the children expressed emotion, the older the age of language achievements. Time spent in neutral affect at FW and VS was negatively correlated with age at FW and VS (p < .02); the more time spent in neutral affect, the younger the age of language achievements. In addition, the measures of affect at VS predicted the eventual transition to multiword speech, with more time spent in neutral affect expression at VS negatively correlated with earlier age in the use of sentences. We propose that neutral affect supports the early transition to language by allowing the reflective stance required for language learning, and has its antecedents in the quiet alert states which support the cognitive activity of early infancy.
title: Gentlemanly professionals within the Civil Service : scientists as insiders during the interwar period
Creators: name: Chaston, Philip
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2021

description: In this thesis I examine the relationships between the scientific adviser and the civil service during the interwar period, with particular emphasis upon the gentlemanly status and values that eased the entrance of outsider scientists into the world of professional administration. I study how gentlemanly values became a constituent of professional identity for the scientist through inculcation in the public school system and how they formed a shared system of values and assumptions that allowed professional elites to communication with each other. This gentlemanly culture formed the foundation for the personal networks of scientists and administrators that directed interwar scientific research. Chapter two examines how gentlemanly values moulded the professional identity of the elite scientist by following the careers of selected scientists through their public schools. Chapter three extends this analysis to their lives at Oxbridge and widens the discussion to show how gentlemanly values moulded the professional demands of the scientific community during the First World War. This study of gentlemanly professionalism is completed in chapter four through a) examining how the Athenaeum Club was able to adapt to the rise of a professionalised society by offering a private site for meetings amongst the metropolitan professions and b) through a prosopographical study of declared members of the Athenaeum Club in the Royal Society of London to construct a picture of part of the scientific elite. The last four chapters contain case studies that present gentlemanly values and the Athenaeum Club within the context of interwar politics and the civil service. Chapters seven and eight examine the professional conflicts between the Medical Research Council and the Royal Colleges through the meetings of the Athenaeum Club that negotiated the establishment of the Radium Beam Therapy Research Board. Chapters nine and ten examine the workings of the Tizard Committee and the development of radar within their political context. The shared values of the scientists and their rift with Professor Lindemann stemmed from his unwillingness to respect and conforms to the professional practices demanded from committee members.