cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Kontsevich's noncommutative numerical motives
Creators: name: Marcolli, Matilde
name: Tabuada, Goncalo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18D20, 18F30, 18G55, 19A49, 19D55

description: In this note we prove that Kontsevich's category NCnum of noncommutative numerical motives is equivalent to the one constructed by the authors. As a consequence, we conclude that NCnum is abelian semi-simple as conjectured by Kontsevich.
description: 8 pages
Induction of matrix metalloproteinases in tendon
Creators: name: Archambault, Joanne M.
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: QP321 .A648 2000
subject: Tendons - Wounds and injuries
subject: Metalloproteinases
subject: Stress (Physiology) - Testing

description: Bibliography: p. 102-114.
X-ray CT imaging, modeling and optimization of multiprobe cryosurgery
Creators: name: Baissalov, Roustem
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: RD33.4 .B35 2000
subject: Cryosurgery.
subject: Cancer--Cryosurgery.
subject: Tomography
subject: Cancer - Imaging
subject: X-rays - Therapeutic use

description: Bibliography: p. 137-142.
title: Quereinstiegsmasterstudiengänge verstetigen und ausbauen?
title: Befunde und Implikationen aus der Evaluation des Quereinstiegsmasters an der Freien Universität Berlin
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Ghassemi Tabrizi, Novid
name: Nordmeier, Volkhard
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quereinstieg
subject: Masterstudiengänge
subject: Lehrkräftemangel
subject: Sonderprogramms Beste (Lehrkräfte-)Bildung
subject: Q-Master
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Der Mangel an Lehrkräften für unterschiedliche Fächer und Schulformen dauert (nicht nur) im Land Berlin weiter an. Demensprechend sieht der neue Berliner Koalitionsvertrag eine Verstetigung des sogenannten „Sonderprogramms Beste (Lehrkräfte-)Bildung“ und einen Ausbau der Quereinstiegsmasterstudiengänge (Q-Master) vor (SPD, Bündnis90/Die GRÜNEN & DIE LINKE., 2021). Vorläufige Evaluationsergebnisse des Q-Masters für die Grundschule (Lucksnat, Fehrmann, Pech, Richter & Zorn, 2021) und für Integrierte Sekundarschulen und Gymnasien (Ghassemi & Nordmeier, 2021) im Land Berlin können als Argumente für diese Maßnahmen gelesen werden. Nicht ausreichend geklärt ist allerding, welche individuellen Motive und subjektiven Eindrücke der Q-Masterstudierenden die positiven Befunde erklären könnten und welche zusätzlichen Implikationen und Limitationen sich hieraus ergeben. Um diese Fragen besser beantworten zu können, werden die Q-Masteranden im Fach Physik an der Freien Universität (FU) Berlin nicht allein mittels quantitativer Erhebungsverfahren befragt, sondern auch zu ihren Berufsbiografien und dem subjektiv erlebten Nutzen des Studiums interviewt. Der Beitrag diskutiert anhand aktueller Ergebnisse der quantitativen und qualitativen Begleitforschung des Q-Masters im Fach Physik an der FU Berlin Potenziale einer Verstetigung und Ausweitung der Q-Masterstudiengänge.
Estuarine deposition, valley incision and soil development controlled by tectonic evolution of a growth-faulted coastal graben embayment. Stoddart Group - Belloy Formation, Carboniferous-Permian, western Canada basin
Creators: name: Barclay, James Elliott
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: AC1 .T484 2000 B37
subject: Grabens (Geology) - Alberta
subject: Grabens (Geology) - British Columbia
subject: Geology, Structural - Alberta
subject: Geology, Structural - British Columbia
subject: Faults (Geology) - Alberta
subject: Faults (Geology) - British Columbia

description: Bibliography: p. 442-497.
Novel wasteforms for caesium-containing spent adsorbents from Fukushima Daiichi: a study of volatilisation and low-temperature glass processing
Creators: name: Pletser, Dimitri
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Remediation activities at Fukushima Daiichi have produced large volumes of highly radioactive adsorbents. These require immobilisation but are contaminated with Cs which volatilises at the temperatures typical for common methods like vitrification. Here a low temperature immobilisation process was developed. Cs volatilisation studies were conducted for three commercial adsorbents: A-51 JHP, IE-911 and IE-96. These were loaded with 8 wt.% Cs, and heated in air to establish the highest temperature that avoided volatilisation. Any Cs evolved was measured using atomic absorption spectroscopy, in the range 600-1000 C. Volatilisation started at 700ºC in all samples, with a relative volatilisation of 1.67% ±0.15% and 0.097% ±0.0080 for A-51 JHP and IE-96 respectively at 1000 C and 7.71% ± 0.66% at 900 C for IE-911 (which degraded at high temperature preventing examination at higher temperatures). This established a maximum process temperature of 600 C. Glass-Composite Material (GCM) waste forms were designed within this processing envelope. Lead borosilicate (PBS) and a lead borate (PB) compositions were chosen due to their low working temperatures. These were used to encapsulate Cs exchanged chabazite and IE-96 by low temperature sintering. A 15 wt.% mass loss, observed at 350 C, was confirmed, using evolved gas analysis mass spectroscopy, to be due to adsorbed water. Its release led to trapped gases during sintering, resulting in closed porosity in the final waste forms. A thermal treatment was developed to reduce closed porosity in the final waste form with pre-treatment (600 C) of the adsorbent prior to mixing, followed by degasification (350 C), sintering (either 400 C or 500 C) and annealing (350 C and 450 C) produced dense waste forms for both PB and PBS respectively. Wasteloadings of 50 wt.% (72.6 vol.%) in PBS GCM and 40 wt.% (65.2 vol.%) in PB GCM were achieved. No influence of Cs on the sintering behaviour was found as Cs remained sequestered in the adsorbent during sintering.
Common Language: vernacular elements define Saskatchewan rural architecutre
Creators: name: Barnsley, Heather
Publisher: name: Environmental Design
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: NA8210 .C2 B37 2000
subject: Farmhouses - Saskatchewan - Designs and plans
subject: Architecture, Domestic - Saskatchewan - Designs and plans
subject: Architecture - Human factors

description: Bibliography: p. 93-96.
Advances in the clinical use of metaproteomics
Creators: name: Wolf, Maximilian
name: Schallert, Kay
name: Knipper, Luca
name: Sickmann, Albert
name: Sczyrba, Alexander
name: Benndorf, Dirk
name: Heyer, Robert
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
classificationCode: 39999
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 80699
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified

description: Investigating the taxonomic and functional composition of human microbiomes can aid in the understanding of disease etiologies, diagnosis, and therapy monitoring for several diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease or obesity. One method for microbiome monitoring is metaproteomics, which assesses human and microbial proteins and thus enables the study of host–microbiome interactions. This advantage led to increased interest in metaproteome analyses and significant developments to introduce this method into a clinical context. This review summarizes the recent progress from a technical side and an application-related point of view. Numerous publications imply the massive potential of metaproteomics to impact human health care. However, the key challenges of standardization and validation of experimental and bioinformatic workflows and accurate quantification methods must be overcome.
Flame Synthesis of Graphene Films in Open Environments
Creators: name: Memon, Nasir K.
name: Tse, Stephen D.
name: Al-Sharab, Jafar F.
name: Yamaguchi, Hisato
name: Goncalves, Alem-Mar B.
name: Kear, Bernard H.
name: Jaluria, Yogesh
name: Andrei, Eva Y.
name: Chhowalla, Manish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Few-layer graphene (FLG) is grown on copper and nickel substrates at high rates using a novel flame synthesis method in open-atmosphere environments. Transmittance and resistance properties of the transferred films are similar to those grown by other methods, but the concentration of oxygen, as assessed by XPS, is actually less than that for CVD-grown graphene under near vacuum conditions. The method involves utilizing a multi-element inverse-diffusion-flame burner, where post-flame species and temperatures are radially-uniform upon deposition at a substrate. Advantages of the flame synthesis method are scalability for large-area surface coverage, increased growth rates, high purity and yield, continuous processing, and reduced costs due to efficient use of fuel as both heat source and reagent. Additionally, by adjusting local growth conditions, other carbon nanostructures (i.e. nanotubes) are readily synthesized.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures
Metadata record for the manuscript: Neighborhood street activity and greenspace usage uniquely contribute to predicting crime
Creators: name: K. E. Schertz
name: J. Saxon
name: C. Cardenas-Iniguez
name: L. M. A. Bettencourt
name: Y. Ding
name: H. Hoffmann
name: M. G. Berman
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 160299 Criminology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Law
subject: 170113 Social and Community Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 160810 Urban Sociology and Community Studies

description: Summary This metadata record provides details of the data supporting the claims of the related manuscript: “Neighborhood street activity and greenspace usage uniquely contribute to predicting crime ”. The related study investigated the association between neighbourhood greenspace and urban crime by using cell phone mobility data to quantify local street activity and park visits in Chicago and New York City.
 Data access The following land cover, demographics and crime data files (along with indicators of the manuscript figures and tables they underlie in parentheses) are openly available in the Open Science Framework repository at https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/DX5CE:
 - Chicago2017_ACS&Crime&Land.csv (Figure 1B & 1D, Table 1 - model 1, Table 2 - model 1) - NewYork2017_ACS&Crime&Land.csv (Figure 2B & 2D, Table 3 - model 1, Table 4 model 1) - May2017crime_Chi&NYC.xlsx (Supplementary Table 3 & 4) The following cell phone mobility data files are proprietary and thus not openly available, and interested parties should contact the corresponding authors, K. E. Schertz (kschertz@uchicago.edu) and M. G. Berman (bermanm@uchicago.edu), for Carto (https://carto.com/) contact information: - Chicago2017_AllData.csv (Figure 1A & 1C & 2B & 2D, Table 1 - models 2-4, Table 2 - models 2-4, Supplementary Table 1 & 4, Supplementary Figure 1 & 3) - NYC2017_AllData.csv (Figure 2A & 2C & 2B & 2D, Table 3 - models 2-4, Table 4 models 2-4, Supplementary Table 2 & 4, Supplementary Figure 2 & 4)
Spatial Pattern Formation in External Noise: Theory and Simulation
Creators: name: Kurushina, Svetlana E.
name: Maximov, Valery V.
name: Romanovskii, Yuri M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spatial pattern formation in excitable fluctuating media was researched analytically from the point of view of the order parameters concept. The reaction-diffusion system in external noise is considered as a model of such medium. Stochastic equations for the unstable mode amplitudes (order parameters), dispersion equations for the unstable mode averaged amplitudes, and the Fokker-Planck equation for the order parameters have been obtained. The developed theory makes it possible to analyze different noise-induced effects, including the variation of boundaries of ordering and disordering phase transitions depending on the parameters of external noise
description: 22 pages, 10 figures
title: Alternative Professionalisierungswege für das Lehramt Physik
title: eine Bestandsaufnahme
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Ghassemi, Novid
name: Pöx, Sara
name: Nordmeier, Volkhard
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Lehramt Physik
subject: Professionalisierungswege
subject: Bildungswege
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Der formale Bildungsweg von Lehrkräften in Deutschland umfasst traditionell ein grundständiges, lehramtsbezogenes Studium, den Vorbereitungsdienst und berufsbegleitende Fort- und Weiterbildungen. Neben diesem von der KMK bevorzugten Professionalisierungsweg (KMK 2013) existieren aber auch drei Alternativen: Der Seiteneinstieg, der Quereinstieg und der Quereinstieg während des Studiums (Brinkmann und Müller 2020) 1. Die Existenz dieser alternativen Wege in das Lehramt geht einerseits auf die anhaltende Differenz zwischen Absolvent:innenzahlen und Einstellungsbedarf (KMK 2020) zurück; andererseits wird eine Flexibilisierung der Wege in das Lehramt – unter Einhaltung festzulegender Standards – als zeitgemäße Anpassung an die zunehmende Entstandardisierung von Berufsbiographien interpretiert (Terhart 2020; Brinkmann und Müller 2020). Berufsbegleitend zu absolvierende und selten an Universitäten angebundene Programme des Quer- und Seiteneinstiegs werden jedoch als den Bemühungen um die Professionalisierung des Berufs und der Standardisierung der Qualifizierung entgegenlaufend angesehen (Ramseger 2017; Rothland und Pflanzl 2016). Die Programme würden „den akademischen Herausforderungen der Kompetenz- und Persönlichkeitsentwicklung von Lehrkräften nicht gerecht“ (HRK 2020, S. 3). Welche alternativen Professionalisierungswege in Deutschland bestehen, welchen zeitlichen und inhaltlichen Umfang diese haben und welche Akteur:innen an den Programmen jeweils beteiligt sind, ist, trotz einiger aktueller Übersichtsarbeiten (Abs et al. 2020; Brinkmann und Müller 2020), im Detail schwer zu überblicken. Ebendiese Rahmeninformationen könnten aber weitere Argumente in der Diskussion um die Qualität aktuell bestehender alternativer Bildungswege liefern. In diesem Beitrag werden daher die Ergebnisse einer Bestandsaufnhame zu aktuellen, alternativen Professionalisierungswegen für die Fächer Physik, Mathematik und Informatik berichtet. Neben einer allgemeinen Beschreibung der Programme, wurden dazu die Eingangsvoraussetzungen, die beteiligten Institutionen, der zeitliche Umfang, die Inhalte der Qualifizierungsmaßnahmen und der Status der Absolvent:innen ermittelt.
Pressure Dependence of Wall Relaxation in Polarized $^3$He Gaseous Cells
Creators: name: Zheng, W.
name: Gao, H.
name: Ye, Q.
name: Zhang, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have observed a linear pressure dependence of longitudinal relaxation time ($T_1$) at 4.2 K and 295 K in gaseous $^3$He cells made of either bare pyrex glass or Cs/Rb-coated pyrex due to paramagnetic sites in the cell wall. The paramagnetic wall relaxation is previously thought to be independent of $^3$He pressure. We develop a model to interpret the observed wall relaxation by taking into account the diffusion process, and our model gives a good description of the data.
Knowledge needs in economic costs of invasive species facilitated by canalisation
Creators: name: Balzani, Paride
name: Cuthbert, Ross N.
name: Briski, Elizabeta
name: Galil, Bella
name: Castellanos-Galindo, Gustavo A.
name: Kouba, Antonin
name: Kourantidou, Melina
name: Leung, Brian
name: Soto, Ismael
name: Haubrock, Phillip J.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: aquatic environment
subject: habitat connectivity
subject: inequality
subject: InvaCost
subject: invasive alien species
subject: monetary costs
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Canals provide wide-ranging economic benefits, while also serving as corridors for the introduction and spread of aquatic alien species, potentially leading to negative ecological and economic impacts. However, to date, no comprehensive quantifications of the reported economic costs of these species have been done. Here, we used the InvaCost database on the monetary impact of invasive alien species to identify the costs of those facilitated by three major canal systems: the European Inland Canals, Suez Canal, and Panama Canal. While we identified a staggering number of species having spread via these systems, monetary costs have been reported only for a few. A total of $33.6 million in costs have been reported from species linked to European Inland Canals (the fishhook waterflea Cercopagis pengoi and the zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha) and $8.6 million linked to the Suez Canal (the silver-cheeked toadfish Lagocephalus sceleratus, the lionfish Pterois miles, and the nomad jellyfish Rhopilema nomadica), but no recorded costs were found for species facilitated by the Panama Canal. We thus identified a pervasive lack of information on the monetary costs of invasions facilitated by canals and highlighted the uneven distribution of costs.
Reservoir quality prediction of the Falher D member, deep basin of Alberta and British Columbia: The role of burial and thermal history in conglomerate diagenesis
Creators: name: Clemenson, Dean William
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Geology, Stratigraphic - Cretaceous
subject: Diagenesis - Spirit River Formation (B.C. and Alta.)
subject: Diagenesis - Falher D Member (Alta. and B.C.)
subject: Spirit River formation (B.C. and Alta.)
subject: Falher D Member (Alta. and B.C.)

description: Bibliography:p.146-158
Disorder promotes ferromagnetism: Rounding of the quantum phase transition in Sr_{1-x}Ca_xRuO_3
Creators: name: Demko, L.
name: Bordacs, S.
name: Vojta, T.
name: Nozadze, D.
name: Hrahsheh, F.
name: Svoboda, C.
name: Dora, B.
name: Yamada, H.
name: Kawasaki, M.
name: Tokura, Y.
name: Kezsmarki, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The subtle interplay of randomness and quantum fluctuations at low temperatures gives rise to a plethora of unconventional phenomena in systems ranging from quantum magnets and correlated electron materials to ultracold atomic gases. Particularly strong disorder effects have been predicted to occur at zero-temperature quantum phase transitions. Here, we demonstrate that the composition-driven ferromagnetic-to-paramagnetic quantum phase transition in Sr1-xCaxRuO3 is completely destroyed by the disorder introduced via the different ionic radii of the randomly distributed Sr and Ca ions. Using a magneto-optical technique, we map the magnetic phase diagram in the composition-temperature space. We find that the ferromagnetic phase is significantly extended by the disorder and develops a pronounced tail over a broad range of the composition x. These findings are explained by a microscopic model of smeared quantum phase transitions in itinerant magnets. Moreover, our theoretical study implies that correlated disorder is even more powerful in promoting ferromagnetism than random disorder.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
Pinch-points to half-moons and up in the stars: The kagome skymap
Creators: name: Kiese, Dominik
name: Ferrari, Francesco
name: Astrakhantsev, Nikita
name: Niggemann, Nils
name: Ghosh, Pratyay
name: Müller, Tobias
name: Thomale, Ronny
name: Neupert, Titus
name: Reuther, Johannes
name: Gingras, Michel J. P.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Frustrated magnetism
subject: Quantum spin liquid
subject: Quantum spin models
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Pinch point singularities, associated with flat band magnetic excitations, are tell-tale signatures of Coulomb spin liquids. While their properties in the presence of quantum fluctuations have been widely studied, the fate of the complementary nonanalytic features—shaped as half moons and stars—arising from adjacent shallow dispersive bands has remained unexplored. Here, we address this question for the spin S=1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet on the kagome lattice with second and third neighbor couplings, which allows one to tune the classical ground state characterized by flat bands to one that is governed by shallow dispersive bands for intermediate coupling strengths. Employing the complementary strengths of variational Monte Carlo, pseudofermion functional renormalization group, and density-matrix renormalization group, we establish the quantum phase diagram of the model. The U(1) Dirac spin liquid ground state of the nearest-neighbor antiferromagnet remains remarkably robust till intermediate coupling strengths when it transitions into a pinwheel valence bond crystal displaying signatures of half moons in its structure factor. Our Letter thus identifies a microscopic setting that realizes one of the proximate orders of the Dirac spin liquid identified in a recent work [Song, Wang, Vishwanath, and He, Nat. Commun. 10, 4254 (2019)]. For larger couplings, we obtain a collinear magnetically ordered ground state characterized by starlike patterns.
Signs of Magnetic Accretion in the X-ray Pulsar Binary GX 301-2
Creators: name: Ikhsanov, N. R.
name: Finger, M. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of the cyclotron resonance scattering feature in the X-ray spectrum of GX 301-2 suggest that the surface field of the neutron star is B_CRSF ~ 4 x 10^{12}G. The same value has been derived in modelling the rapid spin-up episodes in terms of the Keplerian disk accretion scenario. However, the spin-down rate observed during the spin-down trends significantly exceeds the value expected in currently used spin-evolution scenarios. This indicates that either the surface field of the star exceeds 50 x B_CRSF, or a currently used accretion scenario is incomplete. We show that the above discrepancy can be avoided if the accreting material is magnetized. The magnetic pressure in the accretion flow increases more rapidly than its ram pressure and, under certain conditions, significantly affects the accretion picture. The spin-down torque applied to the neutron star in this case is larger than that evaluated within a non-magnetized accretion scenario. We find that the observed spin evolution of the pulsar can be explained in terms of the magnetically controlled accretion flow scenario provided the surface field of the neutron star is ~ B_CRSF.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Lower Mount Royal cohousing: in search of a community
Creators: name: Dorais, Joanne Magdalena
Publisher: name: Environmental Design
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: NA7243 .C34 D67 2000
subject: Architecture, Domestic - Alberta - Calgary - Lower Mount Royal
subject: Housing, Cooperative - Alberta - Calgary - Lower Mount Royal
subject: Architecture - Designs and plans
subject: Lower Mount Royal (Calgary, Alta.)

description: Bibliography: p. 129-131.
Generalization of the post-collision interaction effect from gas-phase to solid-state systems demonstrated in thiophene and its polymers
Creators: name: Velasquez, Nicolas
name: Travnikova, Oksana
name: Guillemin, Renaud
name: Ismail, Iyas
name: Journel, Loïc
name: Martins, Jessica B.
name: Koulentianos, Dimitris
name: Céolin, Denis
name: Fillaud, Laure
name: Püttner, Ralph
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Autoionization & Auger processes
subject: Molecules
subject: Polymers
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: We demonstrate experimentally and theoretically the presence of the post-collision interaction (PCI) effect in sulfur KL2,3L2,3 Auger electron spectra measured in the gas-phase thiophene and in solid-state organic polymers: polythiophene (PT) and poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl), commonly known as P3HT. PCI manifests itself through a distortion and a blueshift of the normal Auger S KL2,3L2,3 spectrum when S 1s ionization occurs close to the ionization threshold. Our investigation shows that the PCI-induced shift of the Auger spectra is stronger in the solid-state polymers than in the gas-phase organic molecule. Theoretical modeling within the framework of the eikonal approximation provides good agreement with the experimental observations. In a solid medium, two effects influence the interaction between the photoelectron and the Auger electron. In detail, stronger PCI in the polymers is attributed to the photoelectron scattering in the solid, which overcompensates the polarization screening of electron charges which causes a reduction of the interaction. Our paper demonstrates the general nature of the PCI effect occurring in different media.
Photogeneration of Spin Quintet Triplet–Triplet Excitations in DNA-Assembled Pentacene Stacks
Creators: name: Orsborne, Sarah R. E.
name: Gorman, Jeffrey
name: Weiss, Leah R.
name: Sridhar, Akshay
name: Panjwani, Naitik A.
name: Divitini, Giorgio
name: Budden, Peter
name: Palecek, David
name: Ryan, Seán T. J.
name: Behrends, Jan
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Aromatic compounds
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Hydrocarbons
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Singlet fission (SF), an exciton-doubling process observed in certain molecular semiconductors where two triplet excitons are generated from one singlet exciton, requires correctly tuned intermolecular coupling to allow separation of the two triplets to different molecular units. We explore this using DNA-encoded assembly of SF-capable pentacenes into discrete π-stacked constructs of defined size and geometry. Precise structural control is achieved via a combination of the DNA duplex formation between complementary single-stranded DNA and the local molecular geometry that directs the SF chromophores into a stable and predictable slip-stacked configuration, as confirmed by molecular dynamics (MD) modeling. Transient electron spin resonance spectroscopy revealed that within these DNA-assembled pentacene stacks, SF evolves via a bound triplet pair quintet state, which subsequently converts into free triplets. SF evolution via a long-lived quintet state sets specific requirements on intermolecular coupling, rendering the quintet spectrum and its zero-field-splitting parameters highly sensitive to intermolecular geometry. We have found that the experimental spectra and zero-field-splitting parameters are consistent with a slight systematic strain relative to the MD-optimized geometry. Thus, the transient electron spin resonance analysis is a powerful tool to test and refine the MD-derived structure models. DNA-encoded assembly of coupled semiconductor molecules allows controlled construction of electronically functional structures, but brings with it significant dynamic and polar disorders. Our findings here of efficient SF through quintet states demonstrate that these conditions still allow efficient and controlled semiconductor operation and point toward future opportunities for constructing functional optoelectronic systems.
Discrete dissipative localized modes in nonlinear magnetic metamaterials
Creators: name: Rosanov, Nikolay N.
name: Vysotina, Nina V.
name: Shatsev, Anatoly N.
name: Shadrivov, Ilya V.
name: Powell, David A.
name: Kivshar, Yuri S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the existence, stability, and propagation of dissipative discrete localized modes in one- and two-dimensional nonlinear lattices composed of weakly coupled split-ring resonators (SRRs) excited by an external electromagnetic field. We employ the near-field interaction approach for describing quasi-static electric and magnetic interaction between the resonators, and demonstrate the crucial importance of the electric coupling, which can completely reverse the sign of the overall interaction between the resonators. We derive the effective nonlinear model and analyze the properties of nonlinear localized modes excited in one- and two-dimensional lattices. In particular, we study nonlinear magnetic domain walls (the so-called switching waves) separating two different states of nonlinear magnetization, and reveal the bistable dependence of the domain wall velocity on the external field. Then, we study two-dimensional localized modes in nonlinear lattices of SRRs and demonstrate that larger domains may experience modulational instability and splitting.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Moss and underlying soil bacterial community structures are linked to moss functional traits
Creators: name: Klarenberg, Ingeborg J.
name: Keuschnig, Christoph
name: Salazar, Alejandro
name: Benning, Liane G.
name: Vilhelmsson, Oddur
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: carbon
subject: glacier retreat
subject: moss
subject: moss bacterial communities
subject: moss traits
subject: nitrogen
subject: nitrogen fixation
subject: plant–soil–microbe interactions
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Mosses are among the first colonizing organisms after glacier retreat and can develop into thick moss mats during later successional stages. They are key players in N2 fixation through their microbiome, which is an important process for nutrient buildup during primary succession. How these moss–microbe interactions develop during succession is not well studied and is relevant in the light of climate change and increased glacier retreat. We examined how the bacterial communities associated with two moss species of the genus Racomitrium and the underlying soil, as well as moss traits and nitrogen fixation, develop along a successional gradient in the glacier forefield of Fláajökull in southeast Iceland. In addition, we tested whether moss functional traits, such as total carbon (TC) and total nitrogen (TN) contents, moss moisture content, and moss shoot length are drivers of moss and underlying soil bacterial communities. Although time since deglaciation did not affect TN and moss moisture contents, TC and shoot length increased with time since deglaciation. Moss and underlying soil bacterial communities were distinct. While the soil bacterial community structure was driven by moss C/N ratios, the moss bacterial community structure was linked to time since deglaciation, moss C/N ratio, and moss moisture content. Moss N2-fixation rates were linked to bacterial community composition and nifH gene abundance rather than moss TN or time since deglaciation. This was accompanied by a shift from autotrophic to heterotrophic diazotrophs. Overall, our results suggest that there is little lateral transfer between moss and soil bacterial communities and that moss traits affect moss and soil bacterial community structure. Only moss bacterial community changed with time since deglaciation. In addition, moss N2-fixation rates are determined by bacterial community structure, rather than moss traits or time since deglaciation. This study on the interplay between succession, mosses, soils, and their bacterial communities will inform future work on the fate of newly exposed areas as a result of glacier retreat.
T-REX17 is a transiently expressed non-coding RNA essential for human endoderm formation
Creators: name: Landshammer, Alexandro
name: Bolondi, Adriano
name: Kretzmer, Helene
name: Much, Christian
name: Buschow, René
name: Rose, Alina
name: Wu, Hua-Jun
name: Mackowiak, Sebastian D.
name: Braendl, Bjoern
name: Meissner, Alexander
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: lncRNAs
subject: endoderm
subject: SOX17
subject: enhancer
subject: Human
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as fundamental regulators in various biological processes, including embryonic development and cellular differentiation. Despite much progress over the past decade, the genome-wide annotation of lncRNAs remains incomplete and many known non-coding loci are still poorly characterized. Here, we report the discovery of a previously unannotated lncRNA that is transcribed 230 kb upstream of the SOX17 gene and located within the same topologically associating domain. We termed it T-REX17 (Transcript Regulating Endoderm and activated by soX17) and show that it is induced following SOX17 activation but its expression is more tightly restricted to early definitive endoderm. Loss of T-REX17 affects crucial functions independent of SOX17 and leads to an aberrant endodermal transcriptome, signaling pathway deregulation and epithelial to mesenchymal transition defects. Consequently, cells lacking the lncRNA cannot further differentiate into more mature endodermal cell types. Taken together, our study identified and characterized T-REX17 as a transiently expressed and essential non-coding regulator in early human endoderm differentiation.
Computing trap space-based control strategies for Boolean networks using answer set programming
Creators: name: Cifuentes Fontanals, Laura
name: Tonello, Elisa
name: Siebert, Heike
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Algebraic logic
subject: Boolean networks
subject: Control
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::510 Mathematik::510 Mathematik

description: Control of Boolean networks enables important medical and biological applications. At the core of many approaches is value percolation, by virtue of its simplicity and ease of implementation. Methods based uniquely on percolation can however miss many control strategies. We previously introduced a new method which, using the network's trap spaces, can uncover additional sets of interventions. In this work we present a highly efficient implementation of this methodology based on Answer Set Programming, allowing for simple and fast application to biological networks, as illustrated with some cases studies of cell reprogramming.
Coupled DNA-labeling and sequencing approach enables the detection of viable-but-non-culturable Vibrio spp. in irrigation water sources in the Chesapeake Bay watershed
Creators: name: Malayil, Leena
name: Chattopadhyay, Suhana
name: Mongodin, Emmanuel F.
name: Sapkota, Amy R.
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2021
Subjects: Viable-but-nonculturable
Vibrio
DNA-labeling
Sequencing
Reclaimed water
Brackish water
BrdU

description: Nontraditional irrigation water sources (e.g., recycled water, brackish water) may harbor human pathogens, including Vibrio spp., that could be present in a viable-but-nonculturable (VBNC) state, stymieing current culture-based detection methods. To overcome this challenge, we coupled 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling, enrichment techniques, and 16S rRNA sequencing to identify metabolically-active Vibrio spp. in nontraditional irrigation water (recycled water, pond water, non-tidal freshwater, and tidal brackish water). Our coupled BrdU-labeling and sequencing approach revealed the presence of metabolically-active Vibrio spp. at all sampling sites. Whereas, the culture-based method only detected vibrios at three of the four sites. We observed the presence of V. cholerae, V. vulnificus, and V. parahaemolyticus using both methods, while V. aesturianus and V. shilonii were detected only through our labeling/sequencing approach. Multiple other pathogens of concern to human health were also identified through our labeling/sequencing approach including P. shigelloides, B. cereus and E. cloacae. Most importantly, 16S rRNA sequencing of BrdU-labeled samples resulted in Vibrio spp. detection even when our culture-based methods resulted in negative detection. This suggests that our novel approach can effectively detect metabolically-active Vibrio spp. that may have been present in a VBNC state, refining our understanding of the prevalence of vibrios in nontraditional irrigation waters.
General Solution to Gradient Induced Transverse and Longitudinal Relaxation of Spins Undergoing Restricted Diffusion
Creators: name: Zheng, W.
name: Gao, H.
name: Liu, J. -G.
name: Zhang, Y.
name: Ye, Q.
name: Swank, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop an approach, by calculating the autocorrelation function of spins, to derive the magnetic field gradient induced transverse ($T_2$) relaxation of spins undergoing restricted diffusion. This approach is an extension to the method adopted by McGregor. McGregor's approach solves the problem only in the fast diffusion limit; however, our approach yields a single analytical solution suitable in all diffusion regimes, including the intermediate regime. This establishes a direct connection between the well-known Torrey's slow diffusion result and the fast diffusion result. We also perform free induction decay measurements on spin-exchange optically polarized $^3$He gas with different diffusion constants. The transverse relaxation profiles are compared with the theory and satisfactory agreement has been found throughout all diffusion regimes. In addition to the transverse relaxation, this approach is also applicable to solving the longitudinal relaxation ($T_1$) regardless of the diffusion limits. It turns out that the longitudinal relaxation in the slow diffusion limit differs by a factor of two, compared with that in the fast diffusion limit.
Communicating sustainable home building
Creators: name: Florendo, Eliza
Publisher: name: Environmental Design
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: HD7305 .C3 F63 2000
subject: Housing - Environmental aspects - Alberta - Calgary
subject: House construction - Environmental aspects - Alberta - Calgary
subject: Environmental education--Alberta--Calgary
subject: Consumer education - Alberta - Calgary

description: Bibliography: p. 179-185.
False discovery rates in somatic mutation studies of cancer
Creators: name: Trippa, Lorenzo
name: Parmigiani, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The purpose of cancer genome sequencing studies is to determine the nature and types of alterations present in a typical cancer and to discover genes mutated at high frequencies. In this article we discuss statistical methods for the analysis of somatic mutation frequency data generated in these studies. We place special emphasis on a two-stage study design introduced by Sjöblom et al. [Science 314 (2006) 268--274]. In this context, we describe and compare statistical methods for constructing scores that can be used to prioritize candidate genes for further investigation and to assess the statistical significance of the candidates thus identified. Controversy has surrounded the reliability of the false discovery rates estimates provided by the approximations used in early cancer genome studies. To address these, we develop a semiparametric Bayesian model that provides an accurate fit to the data. We use this model to generate a large collection of realistic scenarios, and evaluate alternative approaches on this collection. Our assessment is impartial in that the model used for generating data is not used by any of the approaches compared. And is objective, in that the scenarios are generated by a model that fits data. Our results quantify the conservative control of the false discovery rate with the Benjamini and Hockberg method compared to the empirical Bayes approach and the multiple testing method proposed in Storey [J. R. Stat. Soc. Ser. B Stat. Methodol. 64 (2002) 479--498]. Simulation results also show a negligible departure from the target false discovery rate for the methodology used in Sjöblom et al. [Science 314 (2006) 268--274].
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/10-AOAS438 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Netzorientierter Betrieb von Batteriespeichersystemen in Verteilnetzen
Creators: name: Wilkening, Lennard
Publisher: name: TUHH Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Batteriespeichersysteme
subject: Regelleistung
subject: Stromnetze
subject: Elektrische Energieversorgung
subject: Lastspitzenreduktion
classificationCode: 600
subject: Technik
classificationCode: 620
subject: Ingenieurwissenschaften

description: Der Wandel zu einem nachhaltigen Energieversorgungssystem erfordert den Einsatz neuer Technologien wie Batteriespeichersysteme zur Stützung des Stromnetzes. In der Arbeit wurde eine Methode entwickelt, mit deren Hilfe der multimodale Einsatz von Batteriespeichersystemen simulativ und experimentell untersucht werden kann und deren Betrieb sowohl technisch als auch ökonomisch optimiert wird. Es zeigt sich, dass die kombinierte Bereitstellung mehrerer Dienstleistungen zu einer Steigerung der Rentabilität führt. Außerdem wird experimentell im Labor demonstriert, dass durch den Einsatz von Batteriespeichersystemen zur Frequenzhaltung eine Reduktion der Netzanlaufzeitkonstante kompensiert werden kann.
description: The change towards a more sustainable energy supply system requires the use of new technologies such as battery storage systems to support the power grid. This thesis develops a method for the simulative and experimental investigation of the operation of battery storage systems and for their technical and economical optimization . It appears that the combined provision of several services leads to an increase in profitability. In addition, it can be demonstrated experimentally in the laboratory that a reduction of the grid time constant can be compensated by using battery storage systems for frequency regulation.
Corrugated interfaces in multiphase core-annular flow
Creators: name: Shum, Ho Cheung
name: Sauret, Alban
name: Fernandez-nieves, Alberto
name: Stone, Howard A.
name: Weitz, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microfluidic devices can be used to produce highly controlled and monodisperse double or multiple emulsions. The presence of inner drops inside a jet of the middle phase introduces deformations in the jet, which leads to breakup into monodisperse double emulsions. However, the ability to generate double emulsions can be compromised when the interfacial tension between the middle and outer phases is low, leading to flow with high capillary and Weber numbers. In this case, the interface between the fluids is initially deformed by the inner drops but the jet does not break into drops. Instead, the jet becomes highly corrugated, which prevents formation of controlled double emulsions. We show using numerical calculations that the corrugations are caused by the inner drops perturbing the interface and the perturbations are then advected by the flow into complex shapes.
The status and future of the east Calcutta sewage fisheries
Creators: name: Gupta, Kumar
Publisher: name: Environmental Design
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: TD604 .C35 G87 2000
subject: Sewage disposal - India - Calcutta
subject: Fisheries - India - Calcutta
subject: Aquaculture - India - Calcutta
subject: Recycling (Waste, etc.)
subject: Calcutta (India)

description: Bibliography: p. 107-112.
Abundant phosphorus expected for possible life in Enceladus’s ocean
Creators: name: Hao, Jihua
name: Glein, Christopher R.
name: Huang, Fang
name: Yee, Nathan
name: Catling, David C.
name: Postberg, Frank
name: Hillier, Jon K.
name: Hazen, Robert M.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Enceladus ocean
subject: habitability
subject: phosphorus
subject: water-rock interaction
subject: carbonates
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::520 Astronomie::520 Astronomie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Saturn’s moon Enceladus has a potentially habitable subsurface water ocean that contains canonical building blocks of life (organic and inorganic carbon, ammonia, possibly hydrogen sulfide) and chemical energy (disequilibria for methanogenesis). However, its habitability could be strongly affected by the unknown availability of phosphorus (P). Here, we perform thermodynamic and kinetic modeling that simulates P geochemistry based on recent insights into the geochemistry of the ocean–seafloor system on Enceladus. We find that aqueous P should predominantly exist as orthophosphate (e.g., HPO42−), and total dissolved inorganic P could reach 10−7 to 10−2 mol/kg H2O, generally increasing with lower pH and higher dissolved CO2, but also depending upon dissolved ammonia and silica. Levels are much higher than <10−10 mol/kg H2O from previous estimates and close to or higher than ∼10−6 mol/kg H2O in modern Earth seawater. The high P concentration is primarily ascribed to a high (bi)carbonate concentration, which decreases the concentrations of multivalent cations via carbonate mineral formation, allowing phosphate to accumulate. Kinetic modeling of phosphate mineral dissolution suggests that geologically rapid release of P from seafloor weathering of a chondritic rocky core could supply millimoles of total dissolved P per kilogram of H2O within 105 y, much less than the likely age of Enceladus’s ocean (108 to 109 y). These results provide further evidence of habitable ocean conditions and show that any oceanic life would not be inhibited by low P availability.
NGC 5548: Lack of a Broad Fe K Line and Constraints on the Location of the Hard X-ray Source
Creators: name: Brenneman, Laura
name: Elvis, Martin
name: Krongold, Yair
name: Liu, Yuan
name: Mathur, Smita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of the co-added and individual 0.7-40 keV spectra from seven Suzaku observations of the Sy 1.5 galaxy NGC 5548 taken over a period of eight weeks. We conclude that the source has a moderately ionized, three-zone warm absorber, a power-law continuum, and exhibits contributions from cold, distant reflection. Relativistic reflection signatures are not significantly detected in the co-added data, and we place an upper limit on the equivalent width of a relativistically broad Fe K line at EW \leq 26 eV at 90% confidence. Thus NGC 5548 can be labeled an "weak" type-1 AGN in terms of its observed inner disk reflection signatures, in contrast to sources with very broad, strong iron lines such as MCG-6-30-15, which are likely much fewer in number. We compare physical properties of NGC 5548 and MCG-6-30-15 that might explain this difference in their reflection properties. Though there is some evidence that NGC 5548 may harbor a truncated inner accretion disk, this evidence is inconclusive, so we also consider light bending of the hard X-ray continuum emission in order to explain the lack of relativistic reflection in our observation. If the absence of a broad Fe K line is interpreted in the light-bending context, we conclude that the source of the hard X-ray continuum lies at <100 gravitational radii. We note, however, that light-bending models must be expanded to include a broader range of physical parameter space in order to adequately explain the spectral and timing properties of average AGN, rather than just those with strong, broad iron lines.
description: 42 pages (preprint format), 8 figures. Accepted by ApJ