Givira Walker 1856
Creators: name: Naydenov, Artem E.
name: Yakovlev, Roman V.
name: Penco, Fernando C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Cossidae
Givira

description: Genus Givira Walker, 1856
Walker, 1856: 1526−1527. Type species (by monotypy): Givira tristis Walker, 1856 (Figs 7, 11, 13).
Description. Size medium; length of male fore wing 12‒17 mm; length of female fore wing 16‒19 mm; antennae brown, relatively short (not longer than 1/3 of fore wing in length), bipectinate, with short rami; head, thorax and abdomen covered with brown, dark-grey and light-grey scales; fore wings mostly brown (with brownish or beige tint) with poorly pronounced wavy pattern, usually more contrasting on costal edge. Hind wing relatively short, light colored (rarely, with darkened distal half) with poorly pronounced wavy pattern; darkening at vein A 1 in apical third (in some specimens, darkening noticeable only at wing margin on top of A1).
Male genitalia. Uncus relatively long with small oval or round extension and small incisure at top; arms of gnathos short or completely reduced; gnathos absent; valva with simple harpe; juxta robust, lamellar, with ring-like aperture and massive hood-shaped abdominal process; saccus small; phallus equal to valva in length or shorter, thin, straight or slightly curved, several specimens have small spiky process at distal tip.
Female genitalia. Ovipositor short; papillae anales slightly acute, with small bundles of setae; anterior and posterior apophyses relatively short, approximately equal in length; ostium cup-like, sclerotized, with well-developed lamella postvaginalis; ductus relatively long and thin; smoothly passing into bursa small, oval, has several signa.
Diagnosis. Givira differs from the following genera of Hypoptinae by:
—absence of processes on valvae, deeply forked uncus, pronounced long saccus, big spiky processes on phallus and sharp transition between ductus and bursa from Inguromorpha (type species by monotypy: Inguromorpha slossoni Edwards, 1888); Puseyia Dyar, 1940 (type species by original designation: Puseyia puseyiae Dyar, 1940); Uretiana Yakovlev, Naydenov & Penco, 2019 (type species by original designation: Givira vicunensis Ureta, 1957); Dogniniya Yakovlev, Naydenov & Penco, 2019 (type species by original designation: Hypopta sterila Dognin, 1910); Qhichwaruna Yakovlev, Naydenov & Penco, 2019 (type species by monotypy: Qhichwaruna pennata Yakovlev, Naydenov & Penco, 2019); Wiraqucha Yakovlev, Naydenov & Penco, 2019 (type species by original designation: Wiraqucha equadorica Yakovlev, Naydenov & Penco, 2019); Thonyocossus Yakovlev, Naydenov & Penco, 2019 (type species by monotypy: Thonyocossus brasiliensis Yakovlev, Naydenov & Penco, 2019); and Hastam Yakovlev, Naydenov & Penco, 2019 (type species by monotypy: Hastam gracilis Yakovlev, Naydenov & Penco, 2019);
—absence of deeply forked uncus and pronounced long saccus from Dolecta (type species by monotypy: Dolecta scariosa Herrich-Schäffer, [1854]) and Psychogena Schaus, 1911 (type species by monotypy: Psychogena miranda Schaus, 1911);
—shape of wings and absence of spots in wing pattern, presence of oval extension on tip of uncus, longer valvae and absence of distinctly pronounced saccus from Clenchgivira Heppner, 2023 (type species by original designation: Clenchgivira nigrihyalina Heppner, 2023);
—absence of long basal processes on valvae and presence of small apical incisure on uncus from Hypopta (type species by monotypy: Hypopta ambigua Hübner, 1818); Laberlia Yakovlev, Naydenov & Penco, 2020 (type species by original designation: Langsdorfia bellaria Dognin, 1911); and Philanglaus Butler, 1882 (type species by monotypy: Philanglaus ornatus Butler, 1882);
—thinner uncus with a small apical incisure, poorly visible saccus and special shape of juxta from Schausisca Gentili, 1989 (type species by original designation: Schausisca desantisi Gentili, 1989);
—shorter phallus and uncus, poorly developed saccus and small apical incisure on uncus from Schajovskoia Penco, Yakovlev & Naydenov, 2020 (type species by monotypy: Schajovskoia albomaculata Penco, Yakovlev & Naydenov, 2020);
—absence of heavily sclerotized semicircular portion of juxta and presence of small apical incisure on uncus from Philiodoron Clench, 1957 (type species by original designation: Philiodoron cinereum Clench, 1957);
—absence of bright decorative pattern, robust saccus and processes on the valvae from Gentiliocossus Yakovlev, Naydenov & Penco, 2022 (type species by original designation: Gentiliocossus alexi Yakovlev, Naydenov & Penco, 2022);
—light hind wings, absence of pronounced transverse light stripes, presence of more robust tegumen and uncus, special shape of valvae and phallus and apical small incisure on uncus from Givirella Naydenov, Yakovlev & Penco, 2022 (type species by monotypy: Givirella batesi Naydenov, Yakovlev & Penco, 2022);
—special wing pattern without spots in apical half of fore wing, rod-like uncus, shape of valvae and small apical incisure on uncus from Givarbela Clench, [1957] (type species by monotypy: Givarbela steinbachi Clench, [1957]);
—color and wing pattern without longitudinal stripes parallel to veins, special shape of valvae and juxta, and small apical incisure on uncus from Breyeriana Orfila, 1957 (type species by monotypy: Breyeriana cistransandina Orfila, 1957);
—bigger size, absence of large setae on antennae, thinner uncus with small incisure on apex and special shape of valvae and juxta from Acousmaticus Butler, 1882 (type species by monotypy: Acousmaticus magnicornis Butler, 1882);
—special wing pattern without light-colored spots on fore wing basally and in light-colored hind wings; absence of needle-like basal processes on valvae; robust saccus; special shape of juxta and small apical incisure on uncus from Langsdorfia Hübner, [1821] (type species by monotypy: Langsdorfia franckii Hübner, [1821]).
Distribution. Central America (Guatemala) and South America (Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay).
Taxonomic note. Below we review only four species that are surely belong to Givira, others should be considered as Givira auct. until reattributed.
Description of new species
description: Published as part of Naydenov, Artem E., Yakovlev, Roman V. & Penco, Fernando C., 2024, Review of Givira Walker, 1856 (Lepidoptera: Cossidae: Hypoptinae) with description of a new species, pp. 567-576 in Zootaxa 5506 (4) on pages 568-569, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5506.4.6, http://zenodo.org/record/13747461