cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Gluon flux-tube distribution and linear confinement in baryons
Creators: name: Bissey, F.
name: Cao, F-G.
name: Kitson, A. R.
name: Signal, A. I.
name: Leinweber, D. B.
name: Lasscock, B. G.
name: Williams, A. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have observed the formation of gluon flux-tubes within baryons using lattice QCD techniques. A high-statistics approach, based on translational and rotational symmetries of the four-dimensional lattice, enables us to observe correlations between vacuum action density and quark positions in a completely gauge independent manner. This contrasts with earlier studies which used gauge-dependent smoothing techniques. We used 200 O(a^2) improved quenched QCD gauge-field configurations on a 16^3x32 lattice with a lattice spacing of 0.123 fm. In the presence of static quarks flux tubes representing the suppression of gluon-field fluctuations are observed. We have analyzed 11 L-shapes and 8 T and Y shapes of varying sizes in order to explore a variety of flux-tube topologies, including the ground state. At large separations, Y-shape flux-tube formation is observed. T-shaped paths are observed to relax towards a Y-shaped topology, whereas L-shaped paths give rise to a large potential energy. We do not find any evidence for the formation of a Delta-shaped flux-tube (empty triangle) distribution. However, at small quark separations, we observe an expulsion of gluon-field fluctuations in the shape of a filled triangle with maximal expulsion at the centre of the triangle. Having identified the precise geometry of the flux distribution, we are able to perform quantitative comparison between the length of the flux-tube and the associated static quark potential. For every source configuration considered we find a universal string tension, and conclude that, for large quark separations, the ground state potential is that which minimizes the length of the flux-tube. The flux tube radius of the baryonic ground state potential is found to be 0.38 \pm 0.03 fm, with vacuum fluctuations suppressed by 7.2 \pm 0.6 %.
description: 16 pages, final version as accepted for publication in Physical review D1. Abstract, text, references and some figures have been revised
Sources of Uncertainty in Stream Nutrient Sampling Below a Point Source
Creators: name: Campbell, Alexandria Hayden
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: The goal of this study was to determine what aspects of sampling and sample storage could lead to uncertainty when taking samples in a stream below a point source. Sources of uncertainty studied were the locations where the samples were taken to assess if nutrients were adequately mixed within a cross-section, different filtration techniques, dilution errors, analytical uncertainty, and freezing time. Bootstrapping analyses were used to determine whether mixing and dilution errors led to uncertainty, while one-way ANOVAs were used to evaluate filtration techniques and storage time. Sample spikes to determine percent recovery of nutrients and repeat sample analyses are routinely performed as part of the lab quality assurance/quality control plan (QA/QC), and are used here to evaluate analytical uncertainty. Comparison of coefficients of variation (CV) of samples collected within a cross section at four locations, above, at, and below a point source, revealed that mixing of nutrients within a cross section appeared to be different at the different locations. The filtration devices analyzed were an electric pump and a manual syringe. These two devices gave statistically similar results in ammonium, nitrate, and soluble reactive phosphorus concentrations (p > 0.05). Dilution error was determined by comparing seven diluted samples with the original sample with which they were made. Dilutions proved to have the highest uncertainty relative to other treatments. The diluted samples were consistently higher than the original sample for all nutrients and were more variable than lab QA/QC duplicates for ammonium and soluble reactive phosphorus. Analytical uncertainty was found to be less than uncertainty associated with sample collection and storage except for unanticipated protocol failure. For this study, QA/QC data beyond 20% were considered fails, and the samples required reanalysis. In most cases the percent recovery of spiked samples was within 20% and coefficients of variation of samples repeatedly analyzed were much less than 20%. However, ammonium, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus incurred the most failures. Freezing samples appeared to be an adequate storage method. Samples frozen for 12 weeks showed statistically significant declines in total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations (p < 0.05), however these declines were less than 9% of the initial values. This is within the range of variation seen for analytical duplicates.
The missing pieces of the PuO 2 nanoparticle puzzle
Creators: name: Gerber, Evgeny
name: Romanchuk, Anna Yu
name: Pidchenko, Ivan
name: Amidani, Lucia
name: Rossberg, Andre
name: Hennig, Christoph
name: Vaughan, Gavin B M
name: Trigub, Alexander
name: Egorova, Tolganay
name: Bauters, Stephen
name: Plakhova, Tatiana
name: Hunault, Myrtille O J Y
name: Weiss, Stephan
name: Butorin, Sergei M
name: Scheinost, Andreas C
name: Kalmykov, Stepan N
name: Kvashnina, Kristina O
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nanoscience field often produces results more mystifying than any other discipline. It has been argued that changes in the plutonium dioxide (PuO2) particle size from bulk to nano can have a drastic effect on PuO2 properties. Here we report a full characterization of PuO2 nanoparticles (NPs) at the atomic level and probe their local and electronic structures by a variety of methods available at the synchrotron.
description: Nanoscale (2020)
Mapping and Describing Geospatial Data to Generalize Complex Mapping and Describing Geospatial Data to Generalize Complex Models: The Case of LittoSIM-GEN Models
Creators: name: Laatabi, Ahmed
name: Becu, Nicolas
name: Marilleau, Nicolas
name: Pignon-Mussaud, Cécilia
name: Amalric, Marion
name: Bertin, X.
name: Anselme, Brice
name: Beck, Elise
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For some scientific questions, empirical data are essential to develop reliable simulation models. These data usually come from different sources with diverse and heterogeneous formats. The design of complex data-driven models is often shaped by the structure of the data available in research projects. Hence, applying such models to other case studies requires either to get similar data or to transform new data to fit the model inputs. It is the case of agent-based models (ABMs) that use advanced data structures such as Geographic Information Systems data. We faced this problem in the LittoSIM-GEN project when generalizing our participatory flooding model (LittoSIM) to new territories. From this experience, we provide a mapping approach to structure, describe, and automatize the integration of geospatial data into ABMs.
Mimicking Robotic Backhoe
Creators: name: Bybee, Taylor Chad
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: The proposed project is to design and create a small robotic arm that mimics movements of a similar physical model. The manual model can be manipulated by a human. Sensors inside the manual model will detect the position in each part of the arm. The information from the sensors will then be relayed, processed, and forwarded to the mimicking model. The mimicking robotic model will appropriately respond to match the smaller model, thus mimicking its position and movements.
Frequency-domain model of optical frequency-comb generation in optical resonators with second- and third-order nonlinearities
Creators: name: Zhu, Enxu
name: Zhao, Chaoying
name: Li, Hebin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We developed a frequency-domain model describing optical frequency-comb generation in optical resonators with second- and third-order nonlinearities. Compared with time-domain models, our model in principle allows one to express the cavity dispersion accurately, avoiding the dispersion being truncated beyond a certain order. Moreover, the frequency-domain model can readily include frequency dependence of system parameters, such as the linear absorption and the cavity coupling ratio. To demonstrate the validity of our model, we numerically simulated quadratic combs in a singly resonant second-harmonic generation cavity and Kerr combs in a micro-resonator as two examples. The simulated results obtained from the frequency-domain model agree well with those given by previous time-domain models. A system containing both second- and third-order nonlinearities can give rise to many novel physical dynamics. The developed frequency-domain model will contribute to understanding optical frequency-comb generation assisted by multi-order nonlinear processes in various optical resonators.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
The chemical evolution of a Milky Way-like galaxy: the importance of a cosmologically motivated infall law
Creators: name: Colavitti, Edoardo
name: Matteucci, Francesca
name: Murante, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We aim at finding a cosmologically motivated infall law to understand if the LambdaCDM cosmology can reproduce the main chemical characteristics of a Milky Way-like spiral galaxy. In this work we test several different gas infall laws, starting from that suggested in the two-infall model for the chemical evolution of the Milky Way by Chiappini et al., but focusing on laws derived from cosmological simulations which follows a concordance LambdaCDM cosmology. By means of a detailed chemical evolution model for the solar vicinity, we study the effects of the different gas infall laws on the abundance patterns and the G-dwarf metallicity distribution. The cosmological gas infall law predicts two main gas accretion episodes. By means of this cosmologically motivated infall law, we study the star formation rate, the SNIa and SNII rate, the total amount of gas and stars in the solar neighbourhood and the behaviour of several chemical abundances. We find that the results of the two-infall model are fully compatible with the evolution of the Milky Way with cosmological accretion laws. A gas assembly history derived from a DM halo, compatible with the formation of a late-type galaxy from the morphological point of view, can produce chemical properties in agreement with the available observations.
description: This paper has 26 pages, 19 figures and 5 tables
Long-term evolution of surviving companion stars of Type Iax supernovae
Creators: name: Liu, Zheng-Wei
name: Zeng, Yaotian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of the progenitors and explosion mechanism of Type Iax supernovae (SNe Iax) remain a mystery. The single-degenerate (SD) systems that involve the incomplete pure deflagration explosions of near-Chandrasekhar-mass white dwarfs (WDs) have recently been proposed for producing SNe Iax, in which non-degenerate companions are expected to survive from SN explosions. In this work we concentrate on the main-sequence (MS) donor SD progenitor systems. By mapping the computed companion models from three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations of ejecta-companion interaction into a one-dimensional stellar evolution code MESA, we investigate the long-term appearance and observational signatures of surviving MS companions of SNe Iax by tracing their post-impact evolution. Depending on different MS companion models, it is found that the shocked surviving companion stars can significantly expand and evolve to be more luminous (5-500 Lsun) for a time-scale of 10-1e4 yr. Comparing with the late-time light curve of an observed SN Iax (SN 2005hk), it is suggested that surviving MS companions of SNe Iax would expect to be visible about 1000 days after the explosion when SN itself has been faded.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, published in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (MNRAS)
Quantized exciton-exciton annihilation in monolayer WS2 on SrTiO3 substrates with atomically flat terraces
Creators: name: Kajino, Yuto
name: Sakanashi, Kohei
name: Aoki, Nobuyuki
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Oto, Kenichi
name: Yamada, Yasuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Monolayer materials are strongly affected by their potential fluctuations, which are induced by an intrinsic corrugation or the surface roughness of the substrate. We compare the effective exciton-exciton annihilation (EEA) rate constants of monolayer WS2 on substrates with different surface topographies. We show that monolayer WS2 on the substrate with atomically flat terraces displays small effective EEA rate constant deviating from the overall tendency and multiple exciton decay components, which cannot be accounted for by a conventional EEA model. To obtain a correct description, we use a quantized EEA model. The intrinsic EEA rate constant for the flat-terrace substrates determined by this new model is comparable to that of hBN-encapsulated monolayer WS2.
Group Housing and Social Stress in Side-Blotched Lizards (Uta stansburiana)
Creators: name: Van der Walt, Marilize
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: Stress in regards to an animal's social housing environment is well studied in mammals; however there are few studies examining this in reptiles and the results are thus far unclear. For example, behavioral evidence shows adverse effects from individual housing in juvenile chameleons, however physiological measures in whiptail lizards show adverse effects from group housing. Because some reptiles appear to be affected negatively by their social housing environment while others are impacted positively, if we can discover the reason for these differences, we will be able to implement the most effective housing regimes for reptiles. In this study, we tested if male and female side-blotched lizards (Uta stansburiana) experienced physiological changes such as 1) an increase in circulating corticosterone concentrations, an energy-mobilizing hormone indicative of stress, 2) changes in reproductive function and 3) decreasing immunocompetence when housed with and without a conspecific. We found that while there were no significant physiological changes in females, males housed alone had significantly higher corticosterone concentrations than males housed with females, and males housed with a female also had higher testosterone levels. Additionally, group-housed males had relatively reduced immune function when compared to individually-housed males. The difference among sexes might have been a result of stronger territoriality exhibited by males. Furthermore, the difference among species, when comparing this study to previous studies, may be because U. stansburiana are relatively more social reptiles, spending more time with conspecifics in nature, which indicates that the social structure of the species should be accounted for when making housing decisions. Our results suggest that housing male reptiles individually might be stressful, and that males group-housed with female conspecifics maintain higher levels of testosterone indicative of better reproductive function. This group housing is not without cost, however, as animals with elevated testosterone also show reduced immune ability. Therefore, reptile husbandry facilities may wish to take the species in question into consideration as well as the reproductive-immune trade-off when determining housing regimes for reptiles in breeding programs compared to those on exhibit.
Electron spin relaxation in semiconducting carbon nanotubes: the role of hyperfine interaction
Creators: name: Semenov, Y. G.
name: Kim, K. W.
name: Iafrate, G. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theory of electron spin relaxation in semiconducting carbon nanotubes is developed based on the hyperfine interaction with disordered nuclei spins I=1/2 of $^{13}$C isotopes. It is shown that strong radial confinement of electrons enhances the electron-nuclear overlap and subsequently electron spin relaxation (via the hyperfine interaction) in the carbon nanotubes. The analysis also reveals an unusual temperature dependence of longitudinal (spin-flip) and transversal (dephasing) relaxation times: the relaxation becomes weaker with the increasing temperature as a consequence of the particularities in the electron density of states inherent in one-dimensional structures. Numerical estimations indicate relatively high efficiency of this relaxation mechanism compared to the similar processes in bulk diamond. However, the anticipated spin relaxation time of the order of 1 s in CNTs is still much longer than those found in conventional semiconductor structures.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
Analysis of Military, Education, and Healthcare Spending
Creators: name: Vij, Natasha
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: The purpose of this project is to compare the spending of all G20 countries over the past 10 years. To do so, I will be comparing education, healthcare, and military spending to each country's respective GDP spending. The goal of this project will be to see which countries lead and fall back on spending financial resources on vital aspects of their governments.
РАЗРАБОТКА ТЕХНОЛОГИИ ИРИСА ПОВЫШЕННОЙ БИОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ЦЕННОСТИ ДЛЯ ДЕТЕЙ ШКОЛЬНОГО ВОЗРАСТА
Creators: name: ФРОЛОВА НИНА АНАТОЛЬЕВНА
name: РЕЗНИЧЕНКО ИРИНА ЮРЬЕВНА
Publisher: name: Пищевая промышленность
Year: 2019
Subjects: ИРИС
КЛЕНОВЫЙ СИРОП
НАТУРАЛЬНОЕ СЫРЬЕ
СОК
ЯГОДЫ ГОЛУБИКИ
ЯГОДЫ КАЛИНЫ

description: Введение синтетических красителей и ароматизаторов так или иначе сказывается на здоровье детей как дошкольного, так и школьного возраста и связано с проявлением аллергической реакции различной этиологии. Концепция потребления натуральных продуктов питания в детском возрасте имеет приоритетное направление и стремление родителей к ее реализации, даже с учетом большого ценового диапазона. В статье предлагается использование натуральных рецептурных компонентов, которое выражается в замене синтетических добавок натуральным сырьем в виде сока и фитопорошка ягод калины и голубики для повышения биологической ценности изделий, а также полное исключение из рецептуры сахара и использование вместо него кленового сиропа. Предложена общая схема получения соков и фитопорошка из ягод калины ( Viburnum opulus L .) и голубики ( Vaccínium uliginósum ), которая отличается тем, что жом, оставшийся после извлечения сока, дополнительно высушивают и измельчают, получая фитопорошок, который дополнительно вводят в ирис для обогащения биологически активными веществами. Технология ириса повышенной биологической ценности для детей школьного возраста в данном случае подразумевает замену сахара-песка на кленовый сироп, который имеет преимущественно сладкий вкус. Для максимального сохранения всех физиологически ценных ингредиентов внесение сока и фитопорошка из ягод калины и голубики производят после охлаждения ирисной массы до 88...85 °С, согласно рецептуре. В ходе проведения исследований установлено, что при употреблении 30 г ириса повышенной биологической ценности среднесуточная потребность в таких элементах, как аскорбиновая кислота, бета-каротин, пищевые волокна, калий, магний, железо, произойдет на 23,6 %, 5,8 %, 13,5 %, 11,2 %, 22,2 %, 28,4 % соответственно.
Generalized spectral phase-only time-domain ptychographic phase reconstruction applied in nonlinear microscopy
Creators: name: Dwapanyin, George
name: Spangenberg, Dirk
name: Heidt, Alexander
name: Feurer, Thomas
name: Bosman, Gurthwin
name: Neethling, Pieter
name: Rohwer, Erich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinear microscopy has evolved over the last few decades to become a powerful tool for imaging and spectroscopic applications in biological sciences. In this study, I$^2$PIE, a novel spectral phase control technique, was implemented in order to compress broad-bandwidth supercontinuum light pulses generated in an all-normal-dispersion (ANDi) photonic crystal fiber (PCF). The technique, based on time-domain ptychography, is demonstrated here in a nonlinear microscopy application for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. The first real-world application of this technique for second-harmonic generation and two-photon excitation fluorescence microscopies in biological samples is presented. We further show that in our implementation, I$^2$PIE leads to improved contrast and signal-to-noise ratios in the generated images, compared to conventional compression techniques used in nonlinear microscopy.
description: Copyright 2020 Optical Society of America. One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic reproduction and distribution, duplication of any material in this paper for a fee or for commercial purposes, or modifications of the content of this paper are prohibited
An empirical ensemble mesoscale forecasting system
Creators: name: Hacker, Joshua P.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Seven short-term numerical weather prediction experiments test the feasibility of an ensemble mesoscale forecasting system that is designed to minimize the effects of analysis errors in the North Pacific. Each experiment consists of a five-member ensemble (4 + control) run once per day for eight days for the period 21-31 January 1990. The Mesoscale Compressible Community (MC2) model, run at Ax = 100 km over the North Pacific Ocean and western North America, serves as the experimental platform. Empirical perturbations called the Selective Introduction of Hazardous Modes (SIHM) define six of the experiments. The seventh experiment uses perturbations that are bred within the forecast cycle, and serves as a benchmark. Standard root mean square error (RMSE) statistics and surface cross sections are used for verification. SIHM perturbations are incipient cyclones that are added or subtracted from the initial analyses. Resolvable structures in the flow, such as low-level or stratospheric potential vorticity and jet-stream divergence, determine the locations of the perturbations. Perturbation size is set to match the most energetic wavelength in a particular latitude band, as derived from a spectral analysis. The strength of the incipient cyclones is designed to be within reasonable analysis errors published previously. One measure of the likely success of ensemble methods is the spread between different forecast members of the ensemble. The system lacks a desirable spread in RMSE development, and the curves converge at the end of many of the forecasts because of dominance of the common imposed boundary conditions. Spreads in sea-level pressure adequate to envelope most observations exist when the model predicts a storm system well. Precipitation consistently shows the most spread along the cross section. When the model completely misses an event, spreads are negligible.
The Fundamental Properties of Galaxies and a New Galaxy Classification System
Creators: name: Conselice, Christopher J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present in this paper a new three-dimensional galaxy classification system designed to account for the diversity of galaxy properties in the nearby universe. To construct this system we statistically analyse a sample of >22,000 galaxies at v<15,000 km/s (z<0.05) with Spearman rank and principal component analyses. Fourteen major galaxy properties are considered, including: Hubble type, size, colour, surface brightness, magnitude, stellar mass, internal velocities, HI gas content, and an index that measures dynamical disturbances. We find, to a high degree, that most galaxy properties are correlated, with in particular Hubble type, colour, and stellar mass all strongly related. We argue that this tight 3-way correlation is a result of evolutionary processes that depend on galaxy mass, as we show that the relation between colour and mass is independent of Hubble type. Various principal component analyses reveal that most of the variation in nearby galaxy properties can be accounted for by eigenvectors dominated by: (i) the scale of a galaxy, such as its stellar mass, (ii) the spectral type, and (iii) the degree of dynamical disturbances. We suggest that these three properties: mass, star formation, and interactions/mergers are the major features that determine a galaxy's physical state, and should be used to classify galaxies. As shown in Conselice (2003), these properties are measurable within the CAS (concentration, asymmetry, clumpiness) structural system, thus providing an efficient mechanism for classifying galaxies in optical light within a physical meaningful framework. We furthermore discuss the fraction and number density of galaxies in the nearby universe as a function of Hubble type, for comparison with higher redshift populations.
description: MNRAS in press, 22 pages (some references and typos fixed)
РАЗРАБОТКА НАУЧНО-ОБОСНОВАННОЙ РЕЦЕПТУРЫ ХЛЕБОБУЛОЧНОГО ИЗДЕЛИЯ, ОБОГАЩЕННОГО НАТУРАЛЬНЫМИ КОМПОНЕНТАМИ, ДЛЯ ДЕТЕЙ И ПОДРОСТКОВ
Creators: name: ЗУБЦОВА ЮЛИЯ ИГОРЕВНА
name: ЯКУНИНА ЕЛЕНА СЕРГЕЕВНА
name: СОКОЛОВА ОЛЬГА АНДРЕЕВНА
name: ЩЕРБАКОВА ИРИНА ГЕРМАНОВНА
name: ПАВЛОВ АНДРЕЙ НИКОЛАЕВИЧ
name: ХАЙРУЛЛИН МАРКС ФАРИТОВИЧ
Publisher: name: Пищевая промышленность
Year: 2019
Subjects: ЗДОРОВОЕ ПИТАНИЕ
МИКРОНУТРИЕНТЫ
ОБОГАТИТЕЛЬ
РАЦИОН ПИТАНИЯ
ФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНЫЙ ПРОДУКТ

description: Современная модель здорового питания базируется на продуктах, получаемых из зерна, крупяных продуктов и муки. Хлебобулочные изделия были и остаются одними из основных продуктов питания населения, пищевая ценность которых имеет первостепенное значение. Недостаток микронутриентов в организме человека несет негативные последствия для здоровья. Полноценное, сбалансированное питание - это базис формирования здоровья детей и подростков, служащий необходимым условием нормального физического и психологического развития, успешного обучения. Рационы детского питания характеризуются дефицитом таких веществ, как белки, полиненасыщенные жирные кислоты, пищевые волокна, минеральные вещества, витамины. В связи с указанной проблемой была разработана технология производства нового вида функционального хлебобулочного изделия, адаптированного к потребностям растущего организма детей и подростков в пищевых веществах. Изучены органолептические показатели, химический состав и микробиологические показатели безопасности, функционально-технологические свойства комплексного обогатителя пищевых продуктов «Моби-Люкс Универсал». Проанализирована зависимость структурно-механических и физико-химических свойств теста от количества вводимой пищевой добавки. Исследовано влияние обогатителя на свойства готовых хлебобулочных изделий. Представлен анализ органолептических свойств, химического состава, пищевой и энергетической ценности разработанного продукта в сравнении с контрольным образцом, не содержащим обогатитель. Определено оптимальное количество обогатителя пищевых продуктов «Моби-Люкс Универсал», которое составляет 5 % к массе муки. Разработаны рецептура и технико-технологическая карта хлебобулочного изделия «Булочка бутербродная обогащенная», включение которого в рацион питания позволяет восполнить дефицит недостающих компонентов для укрепления защитных сил детского организма.
QUANTIFYING THE EFFECT OF HYDRODYNAMIC SHEAR ON POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTE ADHESION TO STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS BIOFILMS
Creators: name: Kambarami, Mutsa
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2011
Subjects: adhesion
PMN
shear
staphylococcus aureus

description: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a gram positive pathogen known to cause multiple infectious diseases for both animal and humans, and is responsible for community-associated and nosocomial infections.  S. aureus possess the ability to form biofilms, which have a profound ability to adapt and thrive in undesirable conditions as well as resist antibiotic treatment.  Recent studies suggest that polymorphonuclear leukocytes are able to attack S. aureus biofilms, thus implying the innate immune system indeed has mechanisms to respond to S. aureus biofilms.  We determined if shear affected both the structure of the biofilm as well as the number on PMNs adhering to the S. aureus biofilm, and quantify where these cells adhere with respect to the biofilm.  We conclude that shear does not have a significant effect on the number of cells adhering, but affects the depth of penetration in a maturing S. aureus biofilm.
АНТИОКСИДАНТЫ В СПОРТИВНОМ ПИТАНИИ. ЧАСТЬ II
Creators: name: ШТЕРМАН СЕРГЕЙ ВАЛЕРЬЕВИЧ
name: СИДОРЕНКО МИХАИЛ ЮРЬЕВИЧ
name: ШТЕРМАН ВАЛЕРИЙ СОЛОМОНОВИЧ
name: СИДОРЕНКО ЮРИЙ ИЛЬИЧ
Publisher: name: Пищевая промышленность
Year: 2019
Subjects: АНТИОКСИДАНТЫ
КВЕРЦЕТИН
КОЭНЗИМ Q10
ЛИКОПИН
РЕСВЕРАТРОЛ
СПОРТИВНОЕ ПИТАНИЕ
ЭКСТРАКТ ЗЕЛЕНОГО ЧАЯ

description: Во второй части статьи продолжено рассмотрение антиоксидантов, используемых в настоящее время в составе продуктов спортивного питания. Наряду с витамином Е коэнзим Q10 является одним из антиоксидантов, растворимых в жировых средах. По своему строению эти соединения достаточно близки друг другу и входят в состав клеточных мембран. Благодаря этому они обладают специфической возможностью защищать эти чувствительные клеточные структуры от негативного воздействия свободных радикалов. Рассмотрено объяснение «французского парадокса», когда потребление большого количества насыщенных жиров жителями Франции не приводит к росту у них сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний. Причина этого явления может быть обусловлена воздействием на организм содержащегося в красных французских винах антиоксиданта ресвератрола. В статье проанализировано антиоксидантное действие кверцетина - соединения, относящегося к группе растительных флавоноидов. Показана роль эпигаллокатехина галлата (EGCG) в формировании антиоксидантных свойств экстракта зеленого чая. В статье рассмотрено воздействие растительного пигмента ликопина на снижение окислительного стресса и обеспечение защиты генетической информации человека после интенсивных физических нагрузок. Проанализированы основные характеристики нового продукта спортивного питания - «OMEGA-3 + lycopene», разработанного компанией «ГЕОН». Он содержит в том числе ликопин, эйкозапентаеновую и докозагексаеновую кислоты. Продукт «OMEGA-3 + lycopene» предназначен для обеспечения комплексной защиты организма спортсменов. В качестве перспективного направления развития использования антиоксидантов в составе продуктов спортивного питания отмечено предложение применения для этой цели живых культур микроорганизмов - пробиотиков.
Demonstration of synergic Fresnel and Fraunhofer diffraction for application to micrograting fabrication
Creators: name: Shetty, Pritam P
name: Bingi, Jayachandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diffraction is a manifestation of light at edge due to its wavelike nature. The well-known diffraction phenomena are Fresnel and Fraunhofer, they find variety of applications individually. But the synergy of two phenomena is not studied and understood, which is important to understand the compound optical instruments. This research studies and demonstrates the synergic patterns of Fresnel and Fraunhofer diffractions. The combined diffraction resulted in the patterns similar to Hermite-Gaussian Beam intensity distribution in both simulated and experimental results. Further, the combined phenomena is implemented in speckle lithography to fabricate wide area micro grating patterns which are better than simple speckle diffraction grating patterns. This work may contribute to the deeper understanding of complex diffraction in optical instruments and also shows the way for robust fabrication of micro gratings.
ПРОДОВОЛЬСТВЕННАЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ И ТОРГОВО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ ПОЛИТИКА
Creators: name: НУРАЛИЕВ СИРАЖУДИН УРЦМИЕВИЧ
Publisher: name: Пищевая промышленность
Year: 2019
Subjects: КАНАЛЫ СБЫТА
КОНКУРЕНЦИЯ И МОНОПОЛИЗАЦИЯ
ОПТОВАЯ И РОЗНИЧНАЯ ТОРГОВЛЯ
ПРОДОВОЛЬСТВЕННАЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ
ПРОДУКТЫ ПИТАНИЯ
ТОРГОВО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ ПОЛИТИКА

description: В статье рассматриваются вопросы развития оптовой и розничной торговли продовольственными товарами, проблемы монополизации каналов сбыта и развития добросовестной конкуренции, совершенствования федерального законодательства и государственной торгово-экономической политики для решения проблемы гарантированного сбыта продукции отечественных товаропроизводителей на внутреннем рынке по справедливой цене и обеспечения продовольственной безопасности страны. Особое внимание в работе уделено вопросам развития добросовестной конкуренции между различными каналами сбыта, дана оценка ситуации в сфере обращения продуктов питания в Российской Федерации, выявлены конкретные проблемы, обусловленные несовершенством федерального законодательства и государственных программ, предложены конкретные мероприятия по совершенствованию торгово-экономической политики для решения проблемы сбыта и развития продовольственного рынка в условиях экономической и политической нестабильности на внешнем рынке.
Supplementary Materials of the paper "Transcriptional Regulation of Genes Involved in Zinc Uptake, Sequestration and Redistribution Following Foliar Zinc Application to Medicago sativa"
Creators: name: Pellegrino, Elisa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: ZIP transporters
nicotianamine
metal tolerance protein (MTP)
yellow stripe-like protein (YSL)
zinc-induced facilitators (ZIF)
heavy metal transporters (HMA)

description: Supplementary Materials of the paper "Transcriptional Regulation of Genes Involved in Zinc Uptake, Sequestration and Redistribution Following Foliar Zinc Application to Medicago sativa" by Alessio Cardini, Elisa Pellegrino, Philip J. White, Barbara Mazzolai, Marco C. Mascherpa, and Laura Ercoli, published in the journal Plants 2021
Fabrication of One-Dimensional Programmable-Height Nanostructures via Dynamic Stencil Deposition
Creators: name: Wasserman, J. L.
name: Lucas, K.
name: Lee, S. H.
name: Ashton, A.
name: Crowl, C. D.
name: Markovic, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamic stencil deposition (DSD) techniques offer a variety of fabrication advantages not possible with traditional lithographic processing, such as the the ability to directly deposit nanostructures with programmable height profiles. However, DSD systems have not enjoyed widespread usage due to their complexity. We demonstrate a simple, low-profile, portable, one-dimensional nanotranslation system that facilitates access to nanoscale DSD abilities. Furthermore we show a variety of fabricated programmable-height nanostructures, including parallel arrays of such structures, and suggest other applications that exploit the unique capabilities of DSD fabrication methods.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
A Camera-based Fluorescence-dependent Temperature Sensor for Neonatal Care
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Kirit
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2012
Subjects: camera
fpga
non-contact
temperature measurement

description: There are many examples of wireless non-contact temperature measurement systems out there but most of them are work at high temperatures or do not have sufficient resolution for use in the physiological domain (30?C-42?C). Even to this date, temperature measurement in incubators is done by attaching thermistor probes to the skin of the baby. This thesis presents a non-contact temperature measurement system designed for neonatal care.  The system removes the need of attaching thermistor probes to the neonate's skin and therefore reduces the risk of epidermal stripping, microbial infections, etc. The fluorescence intensity ratio (ratiometric) technique is utilized to determine the temperature of a target using temperature responsive fluorophores. This technique measures the changes in the fluorescence intensity as the temperature is changed. The ratiometric technique utilizes two separate fluorophores where one is non-sensitive to temperature and thus serves as a reference. Determining results using ratiometric techniques also minimizes changes in the final measurements when environmental changes such as changes in ambient lights occur.  An illuminator is employed to excite the fluorophores which then emit fluorescence that is measured by a camera. This is done by capturing consecutive frames with the illuminator on and then off and then subtracting them. The data is captured, stored, pre-processed and sent to the computer using an FPGA. The MATLAB computational environment is utilized to carry out final processing and display of the ratiometric values. The thesis looks into variable situational changes that can present themselves during actual application of the system and studies the effect on the stability of the ratiometric fluorescence measured. Measurements of the ratiometric fluorescence under different conditions suggest that a low-cost sensing system is viable. The resolution of the system is reported to be better than 0.18˚C.
НАУЧНЫЕ ОСНОВЫ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ЦЕНОВОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ НА РЫНКЕ РЫБНОЙ ПРОДУКЦИИ. ЧАСТЬ II
Creators: name: КОЛОНЧИН КИРИЛЛ ВИКТОРОВИЧ
Publisher: name: Пищевая промышленность
Year: 2019
Subjects: ДИВЕРСИФИКАЦИЯ РЫНКА РЫБНОЙ ПРОДУКЦИИ
ИМПЕРАТИВ
ПОЛУЧЕНИЕ МАКСИМАЛЬНОЙ ПРИБЫЛИ
РАСШИРЕННОЕ ВОСПРОИЗВОДСТВО
РАЗВИТИЕ ЭКСПОРТА
ЦЕНОВАЯ ПОЛИТИКА

description: Цены являются своего рода индикаторами, посылающими необходимую информацию участникам рынка об уровне спроса и предложения, создавая условия для соблюдения определенного сбалансированного равновесия, с тем чтобы и производители продукции, и потребители удовлетворяли свои интересы, а экономические потери были сведены к минимуму. Ценовая политика внутреннего рынка, обусловленная широким видовым составом рыбы, не будет иметь общего формата, а сегментирование рынка по видам продукции будет носить широкий ценовой диапазон. И вместе с этим по основным видам рыбной продукции, которые в соответствии с устанавливаемыми квотами на вылов водных биологических ресурсов доминируют на рынке, необходимо с учетом невысокого спроса выстраивать определенные ценовые ориентиры, не позволяющие необоснованно завышать цены на рыбную продукцию. Наступивший XXI век усилил международную взаимозависимость: значительно расширились каналы международной торговли, происходит рост прямых иностранных инвестиций и потоков финансового капитала - все это характерные черты современной мировой экономики. Сегодня получают активное развитие внедрение цифровых технологий, роботизация многих сфер деятельности, что, по мнению видных экономистов, приведет к повышению производительности труда и снижению занятости, соответственно, будет скорректирована и ценовая политика на глобальных продовольственных рынках.
The Exploration of Stimulate Raman Processes in Rb85 using Dual Amplitude Pulses
Creators: name: DeSavage, Sara Ann
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2014
Subjects: Interferometer
Raman
Rubidium

description: Atom interferometers are at the heart of the next generation of sensor device technology.  Currently, atom interferometers are at the center of an atomic clock as well as atomic gryoscopes.  In applications at the Naval Air Station in Patuxent River, MD, atom interferometers will be used in creating atomic magnetic field gradiometers.  The research done in the atomic Physics lab in Patuxent River, MD is to develop this new technology for magnetic field gradiometers.  To develop such technology, pulse shapes and pulse sequences are explored.  This thesis will explore theory of atom interferometers as well as a specific pulse shape (the dual amplitude pulse) and its implications in atom interferometry.
The Prelude to and Aftermath of the Giant Flare of 2004 December 27: Persistent and Pulsed X-ray Properties of SGR 1806-20 from 1993 to 2005
Creators: name: Woods, Peter M.
name: Kouveliotou, Chryssa
name: Finger, Mark H.
name: Gogus, Ersin
name: Wilson, Colleen A.
name: Patel, Sandeep K.
name: Hurley, Kevin
name: Swank, Jean H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On 2004 December 27, a highly-energetic giant flare was recorded from the magnetar candidate SGR 1806-20. In the months preceding this flare, the persistent X-ray emission from this object began to undergo significant changes. Here, we report on the evolution of key spectral and temporal parameters prior to and following this giant flare. Using the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer, we track the pulse frequency of SGR 1806-20 and find that the spin-down rate of this SGR varied erratically in the months before and after the flare. Contrary to the giant flare in SGR 1900+14, we find no evidence for a discrete jump in spin frequency at the time of the December 27th flare (|dnu/nu| < 5 X 10^-6). In the months surrounding the flare, we find a strong correlation between pulsed flux and torque consistent with the model for magnetar magnetosphere electrodynamics proposed by Thompson, Lyutikov & Kulkarni (2002). As with the flare in SGR 1900+14, the pulse morphology of SGR 1806-20 changes drastically following the flare. Using the Chandra X-ray Observatory and other publicly available imaging X-ray detector observations, we construct a spectral history of SGR 1806-20 from 1993 to 2005. The usual magnetar persistent emission spectral model of a power-law plus a blackbody provides an excellent fit to the data. We confirm the earlier finding by Mereghetti et al. (2005) of increasing spectral hardness of SGR 1806-20 between 1993 and 2004. Contrary to the direct correlation between torque and spectral hardness proposed by Mereghetti et al., we find evidence for a sudden torque change that triggered a gradual hardening of the energy spectrum on a timescale of years. Interestingly, the spectral hardness, spin-down rate, pulsed, and phase-averaged of SGR 1806-20 all peak months before the flare epoch.
description: 37 pages, 8 figures, 8 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ. To appear in the Oct 20 2006 edition
The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Patches in Deep Convolutional Kernels Methods
Creators: name: Thiry, Louis
name: Arbel, Michael
name: Belilovsky, Eugene
name: Oyallon, Edouard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A recent line of work showed that various forms of convolutional kernel methods can be competitive with standard supervised deep convolutional networks on datasets like CIFAR-10, obtaining accuracies in the range of 87-90% while being more amenable to theoretical analysis. In this work, we highlight the importance of a data-dependent feature extraction step that is key to the obtain good performance in convolutional kernel methods. This step typically corresponds to a whitened dictionary of patches, and gives rise to a data-driven convolutional kernel methods. We extensively study its effect, demonstrating it is the key ingredient for high performance of these methods. Specifically, we show that one of the simplest instances of such kernel methods, based on a single layer of image patches followed by a linear classifier is already obtaining classification accuracies on CIFAR-10 in the same range as previous more sophisticated convolutional kernel methods. We scale this method to the challenging ImageNet dataset, showing such a simple approach can exceed all existing non-learned representation methods. This is a new baseline for object recognition without representation learning methods, that initiates the investigation of convolutional kernel models on ImageNet. We conduct experiments to analyze the dictionary that we used, our ablations showing they exhibit low-dimensional properties.
Deep Learning in Photoacoustic Tomography: Current approaches and future directions
Creators: name: Hauptmann, Andreas
name: Cox, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Biomedical photoacoustic tomography, which can provide high resolution 3D soft tissue images based on the optical absorption, has advanced to the stage at which translation from the laboratory to clinical settings is becoming possible. The need for rapid image formation and the practical restrictions on data acquisition that arise from the constraints of a clinical workflow are presenting new image reconstruction challenges. There are many classical approaches to image reconstruction, but ameliorating the effects of incomplete or imperfect data through the incorporation of accurate priors is challenging and leads to slow algorithms. Recently, the application of Deep Learning, or deep neural networks, to this problem has received a great deal of attention. This paper reviews the literature on learned image reconstruction, summarising the current trends, and explains how these new approaches fit within, and to some extent have arisen from, a framework that encompasses classical reconstruction methods. In particular, it shows how these new techniques can be understood from a Bayesian perspective, providing useful insights. The paper also provides a concise tutorial demonstration of three prototypical approaches to learned image reconstruction. The code and data sets for these demonstrations are available to researchers. It is anticipated that it is in in vivo applications - where data may be sparse, fast imaging critical and priors difficult to construct by hand - that Deep Learning will have the most impact. With this in mind, the paper concludes with some indications of possible future research directions.