cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Constraint on the total width of the Higgs boson from Higgs boson and four-top-quark measurements in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This Letter presents a constraint on the total width of the Higgs boson ($Γ_H$) using a combined measurement of on-shell Higgs boson production and the production of four top quarks, which involves contributions from off-shell Higgs boson-mediated processes. This method relies on the assumption that the tree-level Higgs-top Yukawa coupling strength is the same for on-shell and off-shell Higgs boson production processes, thereby avoiding any assumptions about the relationship between on-shell and off-shell gluon fusion Higgs production rates, which were central to previous measurements. The result is based on up to 140 fb$^{-1}$ of proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The observed (expected) 95% confidence level upper limit on $Γ_H$ is 450 MeV (75 MeV). Additionally, considering the constraint on the Higgs-top Yukawa coupling from loop-induced Higgs boson production and decay processes further yields an observed (expected) upper limit of 160 MeV (55 MeV).
description: 31 pages in total, author list starting page 14, 3 figures, 2 tables, published in Phys. Lett. B. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/TOPQ-2023-22
Influence of Defects on Photoconductivity and Photocatalytic Activity of Nitrogen-Doped Titania
Creators: name: Minnekhanov, A. A.
name: Le, N. T.
name: Konstantinova, E. A.
name: Kashkarov, P. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Samples of nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide (anatase, $0.2 \leq N \leq 1.0~wt\%$) prepared by the sol-gel method were investigated using X-band EPR spectroscopy, photoconductivity and photocatalysis measurements. $N\bullet$ and $NO\bullet$ paramagnetic defects in N-TiO2 have been observed; their concentrations and spin-Hamiltonian parameters were calculated. An increase both in the rate of the generation of free charge carriers and in the rate of photocatalysis was found in N-TiO2 in contrast with non-doped titania under visible light. The correlation of the density of the observed radicals with the photoconductivity and photocatalysis data is discussed.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures, 1 table
GiRaFFE: An Open-Source General Relativistic Force-Free Electrodynamics Code
Creators: name: Etienne, Zachariah B.
name: Wan, Mew-Bing
name: Babiuc, Maria C.
name: McWilliams, Sean T.
name: Choudhary, Ashok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present GiRaFFE, the first open-source general relativistic force-free electrodynamics (GRFFE) code for dynamical, numerical-relativity generated spacetimes. GiRaFFE adopts the strategy pioneered by McKinney and modified by Paschalidis and Shapiro to convert a GR magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) code into a GRFFE code. In short, GiRaFFE exists as a modification of IllinoisGRMHD, a user-friendly, open-source, dynamical-spacetime GRMHD code. Both GiRaFFE and IllinoisGRMHD leverage the Einstein Toolkit's highly-scalable infrastructure to make possible large-scale simulations of magnetized plasmas in strong, dynamical spacetimes on adaptive-mesh refinement (AMR) grids. We demonstrate that GiRaFFE passes a large suite of both flat and curved-spacetime code tests passed by a number of other state-of-the-art GRFFE codes, and is thus ready for production-scale simulations of GRFFE phenomena of key interest to relativistic astrophysics.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures. Consistent with published version
BubbleView: an interface for crowdsourcing image importance maps and tracking visual attention
Creators: name: Kim, Nam Wook
name: Bylinskii, Zoya
name: Borkin, Michelle A.
name: Gajos, Krzysztof Z.
name: Oliva, Aude
name: Durand, Fredo
name: Pfister, Hanspeter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we present BubbleView, an alternative methodology for eye tracking using discrete mouse clicks to measure which information people consciously choose to examine. BubbleView is a mouse-contingent, moving-window interface in which participants are presented with a series of blurred images and click to reveal "bubbles" - small, circular areas of the image at original resolution, similar to having a confined area of focus like the eye fovea. Across 10 experiments with 28 different parameter combinations, we evaluated BubbleView on a variety of image types: information visualizations, natural images, static webpages, and graphic designs, and compared the clicks to eye fixations collected with eye-trackers in controlled lab settings. We found that BubbleView clicks can both (i) successfully approximate eye fixations on different images, and (ii) be used to rank image and design elements by importance. BubbleView is designed to collect clicks on static images, and works best for defined tasks such as describing the content of an information visualization or measuring image importance. BubbleView data is cleaner and more consistent than related methodologies that use continuous mouse movements. Our analyses validate the use of mouse-contingent, moving-window methodologies as approximating eye fixations for different image and task types.
Ultrastrong-coupling quantum-phase-transition phenomena in a few-qubit circuit QED system
Creators: name: Yang, Wen-Juan
name: Wang, Xiang-Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study ultrastrong-coupling quantum-phase-transition phenomena in a few-qubit system. In the one-qubit case, three second-order transitions occur and the Goldstone mode emerges under the condition of ultrastrong-coupling strength. Moreover, a first-order phase transition occurs between two different superradiant phases. In the two-qubit case, a two-qubit Hamiltonian with qubit-qubit interactions is analyzed fully quantum mechanically. We show that the quantum phase transition is inhibited even in the ultrastrong-coupling regime in this model. In addition, in the three-qubit model, the superradiant quantum phase transition is retrieved in the ultrastrong-coupling regime. Furthermore, the N-qubit model with U(1) symmetry is studied and we find that the superradiant phase transition is inhibited or restored with the qubit-number parity.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Adaptive tracking of a time-varying field with a quantum sensor
Creators: name: Bonato, Cristian
name: Berry, Dominic W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sensors based on single spins can enable magnetic field detection with very high sensitivity and spatial resolution. Previous work has concentrated on sensing of a constant magnetic field or a periodic signal. Here, we instead investigate the problem of estimating a field with non-periodic variation described by a Wiener process. We propose and study, by numerical simulations, an adaptive tracking protocol based on Bayesian estimation. The tracking protocol updates the probability distribution for the magnetic field, based on measurement outcomes, and adapts the choice of sensing time and phase in real time. By taking the statistical properties of the signal into account, our protocol strongly reduces the required measurement time. This leads to a reduction of the error in the estimation of a time-varying signal by up to a factor 4 compared to protocols that do not take this information into account.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Failure of deterministic and stochastic thermostats to control temperature of molecular systems
Creators: name: Watanabe, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the ergodicity and "hot solvent/cold solute" problems in molecular dynamics simulations. While the kinetic moments and the stimulated Nosé--Hoover methods improve the ergodicity of a harmonic-oscillator system, both methods exhibit the "hot solvent/cold solute" problem in a binary liquid system. These results show that the devices to improve the ergodicity do not resolve the "hot solvent/cold solute" problem.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures
Gaussian process regression + deep neural network autoencoder for probabilistic surrogate modeling in nonlinear mechanics of solids
Creators: name: Deshpande, Saurabh
name: Rappel, Hussein
name: Hobbs, Mark
name: Bordas, Stéphane P. A.
name: Lengiewicz, Jakub
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many real-world applications demand accurate and fast predictions, as well as reliable uncertainty estimates. However, quantifying uncertainty on high-dimensional predictions is still a severely under-investigated problem, especially when input-output relationships are non-linear. To handle this problem, the present work introduces an innovative approach that combines autoencoder deep neural networks with the probabilistic regression capabilities of Gaussian processes. The autoencoder provides a low-dimensional representation of the solution space, while the Gaussian process is a Bayesian method that provides a probabilistic mapping between the low-dimensional inputs and outputs. We validate the proposed framework for its application to surrogate modeling of non-linear finite element simulations. Our findings highlight that the proposed framework is computationally efficient as well as accurate in predicting non-linear deformations of solid bodies subjected to external forces, all the while providing insightful uncertainty assessments.
The influence of topological phase transition on the superfluid density of overdoped copper oxides
Creators: name: Shaginyan, V. R.
name: Stephanovich, V. A.
name: Msezane, A. Z.
name: Japaridze, G. S.
name: Popov, K. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a topological quantum phase transition, generating flat bands and altering Fermi surface topology, is a primary reason for the exotic behavior of the overdoped high-temperature superconductors represented by $\rm La_{2-x}Sr_xCuO_4$, whose superconductivity features differ from what is described by the classical Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer theory [J.I. Bozović, X. He, J. Wu, and A. T. Bollinger, Nature 536, 309 (2016)]. We demonstrate that 1) at temperature $T=0$, the superfluid density $n_s$ turns out to be considerably smaller than the total electron density; 2) the critical temperature $T_c$ is controlled by $n_s$ rather than by doping, and is a linear function of the $n_s$; 3) at $T>T_c$ the resistivity $ρ(T)$ varies linearly with temperature, $ρ(T)\propto αT$, where $α$ diminishes with $T_c\to 0$, while in the normal overdoped (non superconducting) region with $T_c=0$, the resistivity becomes $ρ(T)\propto T^2$. The theoretical results presented are in good agreement with recent experimental observations, closing the colossal gap between these empirical findings and Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer-like theories.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Stochastic thermodynamics of quantum maps with and without equilibrium
Creators: name: Barra, Felipe
name: Lledó, Cristóbal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study stochastic thermodynamics for a quantum system of interest whose dynamics are described by a completely positive trace-preserving (CPTP) map as a result of its interaction with a thermal bath. We define CPTP maps with equilibrium as CPTP maps with an invariant state such that the entropy production due to the action of the map on the invariant state vanishes. Thermal maps are a subgroup of CPTP maps with equilibrium. In general, for CPTP maps, the thermodynamic quantities, such as the entropy production or work performed on the system, depend on the combined state of the system plus its environment. We show that these quantities can be written in terms of system properties for maps with equilibrium. The relations that we obtain are valid for arbitrary coupling strengths between the system and the thermal bath. The fluctuations of thermodynamic quantities are considered in the framework of a two-point measurement scheme. We derive the entropy production fluctuation theorem for general maps and a fluctuation relation for the stochastic work on a system that starts in the Gibbs state. Some simplifications for the probability distributions in the case of maps with equilibrium are presented. We illustrate our results by considering spin 1/2 systems under thermal maps, non-thermal maps with equilibrium, maps with non-equilibrium steady states and concatenations of them. Finally, we consider a particular limit in which the concatenation of maps generates a continuous time evolution in Lindblad form for the system of interest, and we show that the concept of maps with and without equilibrium translates into Lindblad equations with and without quantum detailed balance, respectively. The consequences for the thermodynamic quantities in this limit are discussed.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures; new section added, typos corrected
On the nature of the newly discovered $Ω_c^{0}$ states
Creators: name: Agaev, S. S.
name: Azizi, K.
name: Sundu, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The masses and residues of the radially excited heavy $Ω_c^{0}$ and $ Ω_b^{-}$ baryons with spin-parity $J^{P}=\frac{1}{2}^{+}$ and $J^{P}= \frac{3}{2}^{+}$ are calculated by means of QCD two-point sum rule method using the general form of their interpolating currents. In calculations the quark, gluon and mixed vacuum condensates up to ten dimensions are taken into account. In $Ω_c^{0}$ channel a comparison is made with the narrow excited states recently observed by the LHCb Collaboration.
description: 4 Pages and 5 Tables
Topological Crystalline Materials - General Formulation, Module Structure, and Wallpaper Groups -
Creators: name: Shiozaki, Ken
name: Sato, Masatoshi
name: Gomi, Kiyonori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate topological crystalline materials on the basis of the twisted equivariant $K$-theory. Basic ideas of the twisted equivariant $K$-theory is explained with application to topological phases protected by crystalline symmetries in mind, and systematic methods of topological classification for crystalline materials are presented. Our formulation is applicable to bulk gapful topological crystalline insulators/superconductors and their gapless boundary and defect states, as well as bulk gapless topological materials such as Weyl and Dirac semimetals, and nodal superconductors. As an application of our formulation, we present a complete classification of topological crystalline surface states, in the absence of time-reversal invariance. The classification works for gapless surface states of three-dimensional insulators, as well as full gapped two-dimensional insulators. Such surface states and two-dimensional insulators are classified in a unified way by 17 wallpaper groups, together with the presence or the absence of (sublattice) chiral symmetry. We identify the topological numbers and their representations under the wallpaper group operation. We also exemplify the usefulness of our formulation in the classification of bulk gapless phases. We present a new class of Weyl semimetals and Weyl superconductors that are topologically protected by inversion symmetry.
description: 72 pages
Environmental filtering, spatial processes and biotic interactions jointly shape different traits communities of stream macroinvertebrates
Creators: name: Liu, Guohao
name: Lin, Zongwei
name: Qi, Xinxin
name: Wang, Yixia
name: Wang, Yaochun
name: Jiang, Wanxiang
name: He, Fengzhi
name: Wu, Naicheng
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: biotic interactions
subject: diversity
subject: environmental filtering
subject: metacommunity
subject: spatial processes
subject: trait
subject: 570 Biologie

description: The metacommunity concept has been widely used to explain the biodiversity patterns at various scales. It considers the influences of both local (e.g., environmental filtering and biotic interactions) and regional processes (e.g., dispersal limitation) in shaping community structures. Compared to environmental filtering and spatial processes, the influence of biotic interactions on biodiversity patterns in streams has received limited attention. We investigated the relative importance of three ecological processes, namely environmental filtering (including local environmental and geo-climatic factors), spatial processes and biotic interactions (represented by interactions of macroinvertebrates and diatom), in shaping different traits of macroinvertebrate communities in subtropical streams, Eastern China. We applied variance partitioning to uncover the pure and shared effects of different ecological processes in explaining community variation. The results showed that environmental filtering, spatial processes, and biotic interactions jointly determined taxonomic and trait compositions of stream macroinvertebrates. Spatial processes showed a stronger influence in shaping stream macroinvertebrate communities than environmental filtering. The contribution of biotic interactions to explain variables was, albeit significant, rather small, which was likely a result of insufficient representation (by diatom traits) of trophic interactions associated with macroinvertebrates. Moreover, the impact of three ecological processes on macroinvertebrate communities depends on different traits, especially in terms of environmental filtering and spatial processes. For example, spatial processes and environmental filtering have the strongest effect on strong dispersal ability groups; spatial processes have a greater effect on scrapers than other functional feeding groups. Overall, our results showed that the integration of metacommunity theory and functional traits provides a valuable framework for understanding the drivers of community structuring in streams, which will facilitate the development of effective bioassessment and management strategies.
THE INFLUENCE OF FAN PAGES ON CONSUMER BUYING INTENTIONS: ASSESSING THE EFFECT OF 'LIKE' BEHAVIOR"
Creators: name: Nguyen, Thanh Phong
name: Tran, Hoang Mai
Publisher: name: CARSON JOURNAL
Year: 2024
Subjects: Social networking sites, online commerce, consumer behavior, e-commerce revenue, product promotion

description: The rapid proliferation of social networking sites has transformed the landscape of online commerce, offering consumers a platform for convenient and immediate product purchases at favorable prices. In this digital era, consumers harness the advantages of online shopping, enabling them to save time, compare products across different brands, and capitalize on discounts strategically promoted by merchants. Concurrently, companies recognize the pivotal role of social networking as an indispensable channel to seize business opportunities and enhance sales (Ba, 2001; Balasubramanian & Mahajan, 2001; Lu, Zhao et al., 2010; Yadav, de Valck et al., 2013; Hajli, 2015; Can & Kaya, 2016; Hajli, Sims et al., 2017). Furthermore, the ascendancy of mobile platforms in e-commerce revenue underscores the prominence of mobile social networking sites as a primary business conduit. Consumers' engagement in online shopping behavior reveals their reliance on online advertisements as a critical source for product discovery. Additionally, social networking sites continue to exert a profound influence on shaping consumers' perceptions of products. The prevailing consumer belief that online prices are more competitive than those in physical stores prompts companies to establish a robust presence on social networking sites through fan pages, facilitating the promotion and sale of products. Thus, social networking business has emerged as the preeminent model for companies in this evolving digital landscape.
Hawking Radiation and Deflection of Light from Rindler Modified Schwarzschild Black Hole
Creators: name: Sakalli, I.
name: Ovgun, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the Hawking radiation of massive spin-1 vector particles, which are coupled to vacuum fluctuations of a quantum field, from Rindler modified Schwarzschild black hole. Rindler acceleration is used to produce the post-general relativistic theory of gravity for the distant field of a point mass. The gravitational lensing problem of the Rindler modified Schwarzschild black hole is also studied. We compute the deflection angle for the IR region (large distance limit as infrared) by using the Gaussian curvature of the optical metric of this back hole. Our investigations clarify how the Rindler acceleration plays a role on the Hawking radiation and gravitational lensing.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure, Version accepted to EPL
CMB anomalies and the effects of local features of the inflaton potential
Creators: name: Cadavid, Alexander Gallego
name: Romano, Antonio Enea
name: Gariazzo, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent analysis of the WMAP and Planck data have shown the presence of a dip and a bump in the spectrum of primordial perturbations at the scales $k=0.002$ Mpc${}^{-1}$ and $k=0.0035$ Mpc${}^{-1}$ respectively. We analyze for the first time the effects a local feature in the inflaton potential to explain the observed deviations from scale invariance in the primordial spectrum. We perform a best fit analysis of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation temperature and polarization data. The effects of the features can improve the agreement with observational data respect to the featureless model. The best fit local feature affects the primordial curvature spectrum mainly in the region of the bump, leaving the spectrum unaffected on other scales.
description: 18 pages, 8figures, published in EPJC
Reading-off the non-geometric scalar potentials with U-dual fluxes
Creators: name: Biswas, Sayan
name: Leontaris, George K.
name: Shukla, Pramod
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of four-dimensional ${\cal N} = 1$ type IIB superstring compactifications, the U-dual completion of the holomorphic flux superpotential leads to four S-dual pairs of fluxes, namely $(F, H), (Q, P), (P', Q')$ and $(H', F')$. It has been observed that the scalar potentials induced by such generalized superpotentials typically have an enormous amount of terms, making it hard to study any phenomenological aspects such as moduli stabilization. In this regard, we present a set of generic master formulae which not only formulate the scalar potential in a compact way but also enable one to {\it read-off} the various scalar potential pieces by simply knowing a set of topological data of the compactifying Calabi Yau and its mirror threefold. We demonstrate the applicability of our master formulae by {\it reading-off} the scalar potentials for five explicit models, and using a set of {\it axionic flux} combinations we show that 76276 terms arising from the flux superpotential in a ${\mathbb T}^6/({\mathbb Z}_2\times{\mathbb Z}_2)$-based model can be equivalently expressed by using 2816 terms, while 11212 terms arising from the flux superpotential in a Quintic-based model can be equivalently expressed by 668 terms! We argue that the master formulae presented in this work can be useful in an analytic exploration of the rich landscape of the non-geometric flux vacua.
description: v3: 43 pages, 5 tables, typos fixed, references added, Published version
Network patterns in exponentially growing 2D biofilms
Creators: name: Zachreson, Cameron
name: Yap, Xinhui
name: Gloag, Erin S.
name: Shimoni, Raz
name: Whitchurch, Cynthia B.
name: Toth, Milos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 92B99

description: Anisotropic collective patterns occur frequently in the morphogenesis of 2D biofilms. These patterns are often attributed to growth regulation mechanisms and differentiation based on gradients of diffusing nutrients and signalling molecules. Here, we employ a model of bacterial growth dynamics to show that even in the absence of growth regulation or differentiation, confinement by an enclosing medium such as agar can itself lead to stable pattern formation over time scales that are employed in experiments. The underlying mechanism relies on path formation through physical deformation of the enclosing environment.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, 8 movies
Co-Creation durch Peers im digitalen Lernen – Wie Plattformen und Chatbots die Partizipation bei der Lernmaterialerstellung begleiten können
Creators: name: Billert, Matthias Simon
name: Weinert, Tim
name: Janson, Andreas
name: Leimeister, Jan Marco
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Co-Creation
subject: Digitales Lernen
subject: Plattformen
subject: Chatbots
subject: Partizipation
subject: Lerndienstleistungen
subject: Dienstleistungssystementwicklung
subject: gestaltungsorientierter Forschungsansatz
subject: co-creation
subject: digital learning
subject: platforms
subject: chatbots
subject: participation
subject: learning services
subject: service system engineering
subject: design science research
subject: 004
subject: 330
subject: 370
subject: Automatisierungstechnik
subject: Digitalisierung
subject: Entwicklung
subject: Lernen
subject: Software
subject: Chatbot

description: Gefördert im Rahmen des Projekts DEAL
QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF COLLABORATIVE CONSUMPTION: EXPLORING CONSCIOUS CONSUMPTION AMONG CAR SHARING USERS
Creators: name: Javier, Martínez López
name: Ana, María Ruiz
Publisher: name: CARSON JOURNAL
Year: 2024
Subjects: Collaborative consumption, consumer behavior, innovation, quantitative research, theory development

description: In an era marked by constant flux and uncertainty, the rapid emergence of new business models driven by evolving consumption patterns and facilitated by internet-based communication underscores the imperative of continual reinvention for both enterprises and consumers. Innovation and creativity have become the lifeblood of modern societies. As consumer behavior research adapts to this shifting landscape, it increasingly accommodates novel forms and models of consumption, with collaborative consumption being a noteworthy newcomer—an evolving concept that remains relatively uncharted within academic circles (Silveira, Petrini, & Santos, 2012).

The majority of studies on collaborative consumption have leaned toward theoretical exploration, typified by Belk's seminal work in 2014. Empirical investigations, when undertaken, have predominantly adopted qualitative approaches, exemplified by Bardhi and Eckhardt's 2012 research. This bias towards qualitative research can be attributed to its aptitude for theory development (Cooper & Schindler, 2011).

However, the escalating interest in collaborative consumption necessitates a quantitative perspective that can scale the relationships uncovered to date. Such quantitative research is essential for advancing the existing theories in this field and for comprehensively mapping the intricate dynamics of collaborative consumption
Sign change in the net force in sphere-plate and sphere-sphere systems immersed in nonpolar critical fluid due to the interplay between the critical Casimir and dispersion van der Waals forces
Creators: name: Valchev, Galin
name: Dantchev, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study systems in which both long-ranged van der Waals and critical Casimir interactions are present. We study the interplay between these forces, as well as the {\it total} force (TF) between a spherical colloid particle and a thick planar slab, and between two spherical colloid particles. We do that using general scaling arguments and mean-field type calculations utilizing the Derjaguin and the surface integration approaches. They both are based on data of the forces between two parallel slabs separated at a distance $L$ from each other, confining the fluctuating fluid medium characterized by its temperature $T$ and chemical potential $μ$. The surfaces of the colloid particles and the slab are coated by thin layers exerting strong preference to the liquid phase of the fluid, or one of the components of the mixture, modeled by strong adsorbing local surface potentials, ensuring the so-called $(+,+)$ boundary conditions. On the other hand, the core region of the slab and the particles, influence the fluid by long-ranged competing dispersion potentials. We demonstrate that for a suitable set of colloids-fluid, slab-fluid, and fluid-fluid coupling parameters the competition between the effects due to the coatings and the core regions of the objects involved result, when one changes $T$, $μ$ or $L$, in {\it sign change} of the Casimir force (CF) {\it and} the TF acting between the colloid and the slab, as well as between the colloids. This can be used for governing the behavior of objects, say colloidal particles, at small distances, say in colloid suspensions for preventing flocculation. It can also provide a strategy for solving problems with handling, feeding, trapping and fixing of microparts in nanotechnology. Data for specific substances in support of the experimental feasibility of the theoretically predicted behavior of the CF and TF have been also presented.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures, some misprints are corrected. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1506.03272
Bewusstsein bei Descartes
Creators: name: Barth, Christian
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 190 Neuzeitliche westliche und andere nichtöstliche Philosophie

description: Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
description: For Descartes, consciousness is closely connected to the intellective perception of thought. This paper argues that the prevalent interpretations of Descartes's account of consciousness in terms of higher-order perception and self-representation fail. These interpretations mistakenly assume that Cartesian consciousness possesses the same theoretical structure in all cases. It is shown by a close analysis of relevant passages that for Descartes the consciousness of perceptions and the consciousness of volitions have different theoretical structures. From this analysis a more adequate picture of Cartesian consciousness is developed and, finally, compared with a recent reconstruction provided by Vili Lähteenmäki.
Higher-derivative generalization of conformal mechanics
Creators: name: Baranovsky, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Higher-derivative analogues of multidimensional conformal particle and many-body conformal mechanics are constructed. Their Newton-Hooke counterparts are derived by applying appropriate coordinate transformations.
description: 1+12 pages
Higgs Boson Decays to Dark Photons through the Vectorized Lepton Portal
Creators: name: Lu, Qianshu
name: Morrissey, David E.
name: Wijangco, Alexander M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vector-like fermions charged under both the Standard Model and a new dark gauge group arise in many theories of new physics. If these fermions include an electroweak doublet and singlet with equal dark charges, they can potentially connect to the Higgs field through a Yukawa coupling in analogy to the standard neutrino portal. With such a coupling, fermion loops generate exotic decays of the Higgs boson to one or more dark vector bosons. In this work we study a minimal realization of this scenario with an Abelian dark group. We investigate the potential new Higgs decays modes, we compute their rates, and we study the prospects for observing them at the Large Hadron Collider and beyond given the other experimental constraints on the theory. We also discuss extensions of the theory to non-Abelian dark groups.
description: 32 pages, 5 figures, updated to match JHEP version
Beratungskonzept der Kasseler Forschungswerkstatt, Kriterien gelungener Reflexionsgespräche und praktische Erprobung des studentischen Mentorings
Creators: name: Kitzinger, Marie Sophie
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Reflexionsgespräche
subject: Forschungswerkstatt
subject: Theologische Gespräche
subject: Kinder- und Jugendtheologie
subject: Peer-Beratung
subject: 200
subject: 300
subject: Theologie
subject: Kindertheologie
subject: Jugendtheologie
subject: Reflexion Psychologie
subject: Lehrerbildung

description: Zugleich: Dissertation, Universität Kassel, 2020
Odd-petal states and persistent flows in spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: White, Angela C
name: Zhang, Yongping
name: Busch, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the phase diagram of a Rashba spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensate confined in a two-dimensional toroidal trap. In the immiscible regime we find an azimuthally periodic density distribution, with the periodicity highly tuneable as a function of the spin-orbit coupling strength and which favours an odd number of petals in each component. This allows for a wide range of states that can be created. We further show that in the miscible regime, both components possess states with persistent flows with a unit winding number difference between them and with the absolute values of these winding numbers depending on the spin-orbit coupling strength. All features of the odd-petal and the persistent flow states can be explained using a simple but effective model.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Convergence of the multimode quantum Rabi model of circuit quantum electrodynamics
Creators: name: Gely, Mario F.
name: Parra-Rodriguez, Adrian
name: Bothner, Daniel
name: Blanter, Ya. M.
name: Bosman, Sal J.
name: Solano, Enrique
name: Steele, Gary A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Circuit quantum electrodynamics (QED) studies the interaction of artificial atoms, open transmission lines and electromagnetic resonators fabricated from superconducting electronics. While the theory of an artificial atom coupled to one mode of a resonator is well studied, considering multiple modes leads to divergences which are not well understood. Here, we introduce a first-principles model of a multimode resonator coupled to a Josephson junction atom. Studying the model in the absence of any cutoff, in which the coupling rate to mode number $n$ scales as $\sqrt{n}$ for $n$ up to $\infty$, we find that quantities such as the Lamb shift do not diverge due to a natural rescaling of the bare atomic parameters that arises directly from the circuit analysis. Introducing a cutoff in the coupling from a non-zero capacitance of the Josephson junction, we provide a physical interpretation of the decoupling of higher modes in the context of circuit analysis. In addition to explaining the convergence of the quantum Rabi model with no cutoff, our work also provides a useful framework for analyzing the ultra-strong coupling regime of multimode circuit QED.
Earth Indices. Processing the Anthropocene
Creators: name: Bruno, Giulia
name: Linke, Armin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Anthropocene, GSSP, environmental change, Great Acceleration, anthropogenic contaminants, transdisciplinary research, radionuclides, isotopes, stratigraphy, carbon, Nitrogen, Science-Art, art, photography

description: Who is writing the chronicles of the planet? What are the tools and practices that allow us to read Earth’s changes? For many years, artists Giulia Bruno and Armin Linke have closely followed the Anthropocene Working Group’s research on the geological evidence for the new Earth epoch of the Anthropocene. Earth Indices portrays both the natural landscapes from which anthropogenic sediments are extracted as well as the complexities of laboratory processes and the inscription devices they employ to transform the sediment into data that can be interpreted. For the exhibition a multilayered archive is created that relates the anthropogenic traces in the Earth system to the emerging body of knowledge of a new geological epoch. This pdf is a “In progress” digital publication resulting from the artistic installation presented at HKW Berlin 19.05-17.10.2022 and is part of the art work developed and activated through commenting sessions with the scientist of the AWG by Giulia Bruno and Armin Linke.
description: Earth Indices was made possible through the collaboration between Haus der Kulturen der Welt (HKW) and the Anthropocene Working Group (AWG). Earth Indices was realized within the framework of Evidence & Experiment (2019–22), a project of HKW in cooperation with the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science (MPIWG, Berlin), supported by the Federal Foreign Office within the framework of The Anthropocene and its Implications for Archives and Museums and the Federal Government Commissioner for Culture and the Media in accordance with a ruling of the German Bundestag.
Orbits in the problem of two fixed centers on the sphere
Creators: name: Leon, M. A. Gonzalez
name: Guilarte, J. Mateos
name: Mayado, M. de la Torre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A trajectory isomorphism between the two Newtonian fixed center problem in the sphere and two associated planar two fixed center problems is constructed by performing two simultaneous gnomonic projections in $S^2$. This isomorphism converts the original quadratures into elliptic integrals and allows the bifurcation diagram of the spherical problem to be analyzed in terms of the corresponding ones of the planar systems. The dynamics along the orbits in the different regimes for the problem in $S^2$ is expressed in terms of Jacobi elliptic functions.
description: Revised version with minor changes and references added. 29 pages, 25 figures
Controlling nonlocality of bipartite qubit states via quantum channels
Creators: name: Rutkowski, Adam
name: Siudzińska, Katarzyna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we analyze quantum channels derived from a class of two-qubit states known as the X states. In particular, we consider X states that break the Bell's CHSH condition and then characterize the associated inverse Choi-Jamiolkowski maps, which we call nonlocality generating. Interestingly, the region corresponding to nonlocality generating channels shrinks as their stationary state departs from the maximally mixed state. Finally, we demonstrate special cases, where nonlocality can be fully characterized via as little as a single parameter. This approach significantly simplifies the analysis of nonlocality for the X states.
Long‐term vegetation changes in Nardus grasslands indicate eutrophication, recovery from acidification, and management change as the main drivers
Creators: name: Peppler-Lisbach, Cord
name: Stanik, Nils
name: Könitz, Natali
name: Rosenthal, Gert
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: acid grasslands
subject: eutrophication
subject: habitat management
subject: long-term vegatation change
subject: Nardus grasslands
subject: nitrogen deposition
subject: re-survey study
subject: sulphur deposition
subject: 580
subject: Deutschland
subject: Grünland
subject: Säure
subject: Eutrophierung
subject: Habitat
subject: Ökosystemmanagement
subject: Borstgras
subject: Stickstoff
subject: Schwefel

description: Gefördert im Rahmen des Projekts DEAL
D5.11 - Human Biomonitoring in risk assessment: 4th set of examples on the use of HBM in risk assessments of HBM4EU priority chemicals
Creators: name: Mahiout, Selma
name: Santonen, Tiina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: The aim of this work was to demonstrate how human biomonitoring (HBM) data can be included in different risk or health impact assessment strategies. To achieve this, risk assessment (RA) was performed for the first and second lists of substances prioritised in HBM4EU: acrylamide, aprotic solvents, arsenic, bisphenols, diisocyanates, flame retardants, mercury, mycotoxins, pesticides, PAHs, PFASs and UV filters. In addition, environmental burden of disease (EBoD) calculations were performed for lead. The overall result of the work performed during the whole project is that HBM data can be successfully used in RA, and its inclusion generally benefits RA, providing more confidence to it. A tiered approach can be applied, as described earlier in the HBM4EU deliverable report D5.5. When performing RA based on HBM data, it is important to consider the uncertainties involved. However,
 the main uncertainties are often not related to the use of HBM data itself, but rather to the dose-response and toxicological data used, making them universal to RA in general. Inclusion of HBM data may often in fact help reduce uncertainty in RA, especially if they are used to verify exposure assessment made by other methods, such as modelling. However, one of the major challenges for the inclusion of HBM into RA is the often-limited data available on toxicokinetics. In addition, in some cases, there is an urgent need for more specific biomarkers or more sensitive analytic methods than currently available. HBM is an important tool in the assessment of exposure and chemical risks, as it gives information on populations’ and individuals’ total exposure from all sources and by different exposure routes. When performed on a regular basis, it may also give insight into time-trends of exposure, and therefore provide information on the effectiveness of regulatory risk management measures already in place. Other valuable contributions that RA using HBM data can provide are postmarketing surveillance, identification of emerging concerns, hot spot monitoring and raising awareness. Overall, it is therefore essential that up-to-date, high-quality HBM data are available for RA concerning both general and occupational populations. While the RA/EBoD work presented here is not intended to have direct regulatory implications, the results can be useful for raising awareness regarding possibly needed policy actions, since newly generated HBM data, reflecting current exposure of the EU population, has been used in many of the RA/EBoDs.
description: {"references": ["Ares(2022)4267188 - 09/06/2022"]}
Feed Quality and Feeding Level Effects on Faecal Composition in East African Cattle Farming Systems
Creators: name: Ali, Asep Indra Munawar
name: Wassie, Shimels Eshete
name: Jörgensen, Rainer Georg
name: Korir, Daniel
name: Goopy, John Patrick
name: Butterbach-Bahl, Klaus
name: Merbold, Lutz
name: Dickhöfer, Uta
name: Schlecht, Eva
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: sub-Sahara Africa
subject: Boran cattle
subject: diet composition
subject: fecal excretion
subject: feed intake
subject: manure quality
subject: nutrient cycling
subject: 590
subject: 630
subject: Subsaharisches Afrika
subject: Boran
subject: Futtermittel
subject: Zusammensetzung
subject: Exkretion
subject: Futteraufnahme
subject: Gülle
subject: Nährstoffkreislauf

description: Gefördert durch den Publikationsfonds der Universität Kassel
Direct magneto-optical compression of an effusive atomic beam for high-resolution focused ion beam application
Creators: name: Haaf, G. ten
name: de Raadt, T. C. H.
name: Offermans, G. P.
name: van Rens, J. F. M.
name: Mutsaers, P. H. A.
name: Vredenbregt, E. J. D.
name: Wouters, S. H. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An atomic rubidium beam formed in a 70 mm long two-dimensional magneto-optical trap (2D MOT), directly loaded from a collimated Knudsen source, is analyzed using laser-induced fluorescence. The longitudinal velocity distribution, the transverse temperature and the flux of the atomic beam are reported. The equivalent transverse reduced brightness of an ion beam with similar properties as the atomic beam is calculated because the beam is developed to be photoionized and applied in a focused ion beam. In a single two-dimensional magneto-optical trapping step an equivalent transverse reduced brightness of $(1.0\substack{+0.8-0.4})$ $\times 10^6$ A/(m$^2$ sr eV) was achieved with a beam flux equivalent to $(0.6\substack{+0.3-0.2})$ nA. The temperature of the beam is further reduced with an optical molasses after the 2D MOT. This increased the equivalent brightness to $(6\substack{+5-2})$$\times 10^6$ A/(m$^2$ sr eV). For currents below 10 pA, for which disorder-induced heating can be suppressed, this number is also a good estimate of the ion beam brightness that can be expected. Such an ion beam brightness would be a six times improvement over the liquid metal ion source and could improve the resolution in focused ion beam nanofabrication.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, 1 table