cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Structure-preserving schemes for drift-diffusion systems on general meshes: DDFV vs HFV
Creators: name: Krell, Stella
name: Moatti, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We made a comparison between a Discrete Duality Finite Volume (DDFV) scheme and a Hybrid Finite Volume (HFV) scheme for a drift-diffusion model with mixed boundary conditions on general meshes. Both schemes are based on a nonlinear discretisation of the convection-diffusion fluxes, which ensures the positivity of the discrete densities. We investigate the behaviours of the schemes on various numerical test cases.
Precarización en la TV
Creators: name: Suing, Abel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: comunicación
empleo
televisión
personas
ecosistema
digital

description: Publicación en la sección de opinión del diario digital hora 32 https://hora32.com.ec/ que se edita en Loja (Ecuador)
A reinvestigation of the stock price reactions to announcements of Black top executive appointments
Creators: name: Hand, John R. M.
name: Green, Jeremiah
name: Bermiss, Sekou
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications
Year: 2023

description: 
We investigate the stock market reactions to the announcements of Black CEO and top management team (TMT) appointments in light of two conflicting studies that advance competing and opposite theories. In 2021, Gligor and colleagues theorized that reactions will be negative due to racial stereotyping, and found negative mean stock price reactions for both Black CEOs and TMTs. Conversely, in 2023, Jeong and colleagues theorized that the stock market will respond positively to the appointment of Black CEOs, because these CEOs have to meet a “higher bar” to be appointed. They reported a positive mean reaction to such appointments. In our quasi-replication of these two prior studies, we find a reliably positive mean reaction for Black CEOs but an immaterial median reaction, and no marginal stock price impact to the announcement of the appointment of a Black CEO and TMT executives after controlling for explanatory factors that go outside the racial bias and higher bar theories. In light of the fragility and lack of robustness in these results, we recommend that future research in the area of Black top executives and the stock market be cautious when presenting and interpreting results.
Should All Patients With Pulmonary Hypertension Undergoing Non-Cardiac Surgery Be Managed by Cardiothoracic Fellowship-Trained Anesthesiologists?
Creators: name: Arora, Simrat
name: Scheiber, Christopher J.
name: Funk, Ian
name: Smeltz, Alan M.
name: Simmers, Carter
name: Li, Quefeng
name: Liu, Yutong
name: Gustafson, Chelsea
name: Grosshuesch, Craig
name: Bhatia, Meena
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications
Year: 2023

description: Objectives To identify differences in practice patterns and outcomes related to the induction of general anesthesia for patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) performed by anesthesiologists who have completed a cardiothoracic fellowship (CTA group) vs those who have not (non-CTA group).Design Retrospective study with propensity score matching. Setting Operating room. Participants All adult patients with PH undergoing general anesthesia requiring intubation at a single academic center over 5 years. Interventions Patient baseline characteristics, peri-induction management variables, post-induction mean arterial pressure (MAP), and other outcomes were compared between CTA and non-CTA groups. Methods and main results: Following propensity scoring matching, 402 patients were included in the final model, 100 in the CTA group and 302 in the non-CTA group. Also following matching, only cases of mild to moderate PH without right ventricular dysfunction remained in the analysis. Matched groups were overall statistically similar with respect to baseline characteristics; however, there was a greater incidence of higher ASA class (P = .025) and cardiology and thoracic procedures (P < .001) being managed by the CTA group. No statistical differences were identified in practice patterns or outcomes related to the induction of anesthesia between groups, except for longer hospital length of stay in the CTA group (P = .008). Conclusions These results provide early evidence to suggest the induction of general anesthesia of patients with non-severe PH disease can be comparably managed by either anesthesiologists with or without a cardiothoracic fellowship. However, these findings should be confirmed in a prospective study.
Utaxatax brahmeri Panesar 2004
Creators: name: Pešić, Vladimir
name: Chatterjee, Tapas
name: Bordoloi, Sabitry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Anisitsiellidae
Utaxatax
Utaxatax brahmeri

description: Utaxatax brahmeri Panesar, 2004
Records from the study area: West Bengal, Himachal Pradesh—Panesar (2004).
Habitat: Springs and first-order streams.
Distribution: India.
description: Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Chatterjee, Tapas & Bordoloi, Sabitry, 2010, A checklist of the water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) of India, with new records and description of one new species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 2617 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2617.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/197964
AutoML4ETC: Automated Neural Architecture Search for Real-World Encrypted Traffic Classification
Creators: name: Malekghaini, Navid
name: Akbari, Elham
name: Salahuddin, Mohammad A.
name: Limam, Noura
name: Boutaba, Raouf
name: Mathieu, Bertrand
name: Moteau, Stephanie
name: Tuffin, Stephane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep learning (DL) has been successfully applied to encrypted network traffic classification in experimental settings. However, in production use, it has been shown that a DL classifier's performance inevitably decays over time. Re-training the model on newer datasets has been shown to only partially improve its performance. Manually re-tuning the model architecture to meet the performance expectations on newer datasets is time-consuming and requires domain expertise. We propose AutoML4ETC, a novel tool to automatically design efficient and high-performing neural architectures for encrypted traffic classification. We define a novel, powerful search space tailored specifically for the early classification of encrypted traffic using packet header bytes. We show that with different search strategies over our search space, AutoML4ETC generates neural architectures that outperform the state-of-the-art encrypted traffic classifiers on several datasets, including public benchmark datasets and real-world TLS and QUIC traffic collected from the Orange mobile network. In addition to being more accurate, AutoML4ETC's architectures are significantly more efficient and lighter in terms of the number of parameters. Finally, we make AutoML4ETC publicly available for future research.
description: Paper accepted for publication in IEEE TNSM journal. Please cite that version
Conducting a Baseline Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Assessment of Institutional Repository Content
Creators: name: Kati, Rebekah
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: Evaluation
Institutional repositories

description: Diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) are central to repository and overall library
work. Although DEI principles have been incorporated into many repository
programs for digital collections, institutional repository initiatives have lagged.
However, DEI principles can and should be applied to institutional repository
collections to ensure equity and representation.
The Carolina Digital Repository (CDR) is the institutional repository for the
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH) and aims to collect
scholarly material that is representative of the research conducted at the university.
In support of UNC-CH’s open access policy, the university’s libraries have
launched three major content recruitment initiatives in the past four years: a large
vendor-supplied open access article batch upload, ongoing CV review for faculty,
and annual highly cited researchers batch uploads. After loading content from
these projects, it was apparent that the initiatives identified articles concentrated in the sciences. UNC-CH has a strong humanities and social sciences focus, which it was feared would be obscured by the large import of science content. Additionally, it was suspected that the CDR might now reflect demographics that were not aligned with those of the university, and this would affect the CDR’s mission of scholarly representation.
In 2021, the libraries conducted a baseline assessment of the CDR’s content projects to see if they aligned with the demographics of the university. The outcomes of the assessment will inform resource allocation for future projects that promote DEI principles. This assessment looked at subject area coverage, author gender, and author self-identified race in all three CDR content initiatives. Results were compared with official UNC-CH demographics to determine if articles loaded as part of the projects reflected the demographics of the university and thus are broadly representative of the university’s scholarly output. A white paper describing the findings in detail is available in the CDR. This chapter explores the process used to conduct the assessment and reflect on lessons learned. It also presents key takeaways for readers interested in conducting their own assessments.
Constraints on the proton fraction of cosmic rays at the highest energies and the consequences for cosmogenic neutrinos and photons
Creators: name: Ehlert, Domenik
name: van Vliet, Arjen
name: Oikonomou, Foteini
name: Winter, Walter
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: cosmic radiation, UHE
p, UHE
interaction, model
p, interaction
gamma ray, UHE
showers, atmosphere
neutrino, UHE
p, energy
multimessenger
flux
photon
GZK effect
charged particle
redshift
air
messenger
energy spectrum
numerical calculations

description: Over the last decade, observations have shown that the mean mass of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) increases progressively toward the highest energies. However, the precise composition is still unknown, and several theoretical studies hint at the existence of a subdominant proton component up to the highest energies. Motivated by the exciting prospect of performing charged-particle astronomy with ultra-high-energy (UHE) protons we quantify the level of UHE-proton flux that is compatible with present multimessenger observations and the associated fluxes of neutral messengers produced in the interactions of the protons. We study this scenario with numerical simulations of two independent populations of extragalactic sources and perform a fit to the combined UHECR energy spectrum and composition observables, constrained by diffuse gamma-ray and neutrino observations. We find that up to of order $10\%$ of the cosmic rays at the highest energies can be UHE protons, although the result depends critically on the selected hadronic interaction model for the air showers. Depending on the maximum proton energy ($E_\text{max}^\text{p}$) and the redshift evolution of sources, the associated flux of cosmogenic neutrinos and UHE gamma rays can significantly exceed the multimessenger signal of the mixed-mass cosmic rays. Moreover, if $E_\text{max}^\text{p}$ is above the GZK limit, we predict a large flux of UHE neutrinos above EeV energies that is absent in alternate scenarios for the origin of UHECRs. We present the implications and opportunities afforded by these UHE proton, neutrino and photon fluxes for future multimessenger observations.
Effect of estrogen on vaginal complications of pessary use: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Ai, F.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Wang, J.
name: Zhou, L.
name: Wang, S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: We aimed to systematically review the impact of local estrogen use in combination with a pessary on vaginal complications in postmenopausal women with pelvic organ prolapse (POP). We searched databases including Medline, Embase, PubMed, Clinical Trials and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for relevant literature published in English from inception to 31 May 2021. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies were included. In total, five studies were included (three RCTs, one prospective study and one retrospective cohort study). The meta-analysis was performed with subgroups. Our results indicated a significantly lower incidence of bacterial vaginosis (BV) among postmenopausal women who used estrogen than among controls, with a total pooled odds ratio (OR) of 0.29 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.11–0.72; I2 = 38%; p = 0.008). The summary ORs of the estrogen use group were 0.98 (95% CI: 0.59–1.63; I2 = 41%; p = 0.95) for vaginal ulceration, 0.80 (95% CI: 0.42–1.54; I2 = 29%; p = 0.50) for vaginal bleeding and 0.74 (95% CI: 0.35–1.58; I2 = 35%; p = 0.44) for vaginal discharge. Local estrogen in combination with a pessary could decrease the BV rate among postmenopausal women with POP. However, consensus regarding the value of estrogen use for decreasing other pessary complications has not yet been reached. Additional multicenter RCTs with large sample sizes should be conducted to better understand the effect of estrogen use on reducing pessary-related complications.
Role of pressure in generation of intense velocity gradients in turbulent flows
Creators: name: Buaria, Dhawal
name: Pumir, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the role of pressure, via its Hessian tensor $\mathbf{H}$, on amplification of vorticity and strain-rate and contrast it with other inviscid nonlinear mechanisms. Results are obtained from direct numerical simulations of isotropic turbulence with Taylor-scale Reynolds number in the range $140-1300$. Decomposing $\mathbf{H}$ into local isotropic ($\mathbf{H}^{\rm I}$) and nonlocal deviatoric ($\mathbf{H}^{\rm D}$) components reveals that $\mathbf{H}^{\rm I}$ depletes vortex stretching (VS), whereas $\mathbf{H}^{\rm D}$ enables it, with the former slightly stronger. The resulting inhibition is significantly weaker than the nonlinear mechanism which always enables VS. However, in regions of intense vorticity, identified using conditional statistics, contribution from $\mathbf{H}$ dominates over nonlinearity, leading to overall depletion of VS. We also observe near-perfect alignment between vorticity and the eigenvector of $\mathbf{H}$ corresponding to the smallest eigenvalue, which conforms with well-known vortex-tubes. We discuss the connection between this depletion, essentially due to (local) $\mathbf{H}^{\rm I}$, and recently identified self-attenuation mechanism [Buaria et al. {\em Nat. Commun.} 11:5852 (2020)], whereby intense vorticity is locally attenuated through inviscid effects. In contrast, the influence of $\mathbf{H}$ on strain-amplification is weak. It opposes strain self-amplification, together with VS, but its effect is much weaker than VS. Correspondingly, the eigenvectors of strain and $\mathbf{H}$ do not exhibit any strong alignments. For all results, the dependence on Reynolds number is very weak. In addition to the fundamental insights, our work provides useful data and validation benchmarks for future modeling endeavors, for instance in Lagrangian modeling of velocity gradient dynamics, where conditional $\mathbf{H}$ is explicitly modeled.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures
Influence of electronic entropy on Hellmann-Feynman forces in ab initio molecular dynamics with large temperature changes
Creators: name: Geng, Ming
name: Mohn, Chris E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Z method is a popular atomistic simulation method for determining the melting temperature where a sequence of molecular dynamics runs are carried out to target the lowest system energy where the solid always melts. Homogeneous melting at the limit of critical superheating, Th, is accompanied by a drop in temperature as kinetic energy is converted to potential energy and the equilibrium melting temperature, Tm, can be calculated directly from the liquid state. Implementation of the Z method interfaced with modern ab initio electronic structure packages use Hellmann-Feynman forces to propagate the ions in the microcanonical(NVE) ensemble where the Mermin free energy plus the ionic kinetic energy is conserved. The electronic temperature, Tel, is kept fixed along the trajectory which may introduce some spurious ion-electron interactions in MD runs with large temperature changes such as often seen in homogeneous melting and freezing processes in the NVE ensemble. We estimate systematic errors in the calculated melting temperature to choice of Tel for two main mantle components, SiO2 and CaSiO3 at high pressure. Comparison of the calculated melting temperature from runs where the Tel=Th and Tel=Tm representing reasonable upper and lower boundaries respectively to choice of Tel shows that the difference in melting temperature is 200-300 K for our two test systems. The melting temperature decreases with increasing Tel due to the increasing entropic stabilisation of the liquid and the systems melts typically about 3 times faster in MD runs with Tel = Th compared to runs where Tel = Tm. A careful choice of electron temperature in BOMD simulations where the ions are propagated using Hellmann-Feynamn forces with the Mermin free energy + the ionic kinetic energy being conserved is therefore essential for the critical evaluation of the Z method and in particular at very high temperatures.
description: 10 figures, 17 pages
Variations on Barbalat's Lemma
Creators: name: Farkas, Bálint
name: Wegner, Sven-Ake
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 26A06 (Primary), 26A12, 26A16, 26A42, 46E39 (Secondary)

description: It is not hard to prove that a uniformly continuous real function, whose integral up to infinity exists, vanishes at infinity, and it is probably little known that this statement runs under the name "Barbalat's Lemma." In fact, the latter name is frequently used in control theory, where the lemma is used to obtain Lyapunov-like stability theorems for non-linear and non-autonomous systems. Barbalat's Lemma is qualitative in the sense that it asserts that a function has certain properties, here convergence to zero. Such qualitative statements can typically be proved by "soft analysis", such as indirect proofs. Indeed, in the original 1959 paper by Barbalat, the lemma was proved by contradiction and this proof prevails in the control theory textbooks. In this short note we first give a direct, "hard analyis" proof of the lemma, yielding quantitative results, i.e. rates of convergence to zero. This proof allows also for immediate generalizations. Finally, we unify three different versions which recently appeared and discuss their relation to the original lemma.
description: 5 pages
Interleukin 19 is associated with severity and age-related phenotype of atopic dermatitis in children - Supplementary materials
Creators: name: Dumycz, Karolina
name: Kunkiel, Katarzyna
name: Stelmaszczyk-Emmel, Anna
name: Paweł Józefczuk
name: Adamiec, Aleksander
name: Kulus, Marek
name: Feleszko, Wojciech
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: atopic dermatitis
phenotypes
endophenotypes
IL-19

description: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common inflammatory skin diseases in childhood. AD is characterized by substantial heterogeneity in the age of onset, clinical manifestation, disease course, severity, and concomitant allergic diseases. In recent years research is concentrated on defining AD phenotypes and underlying immune mechanisms – endotypes. Aim of this study was to evaluate potential of IL-19, and related to IL-19 interleukins (IL-1β, IL-4, IL-17A) in endophenotyping of childhood AD.
 Children diagnosed with atopic dermatitis in the active phase of the disease and age-matched healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Disease severity was assessed by SCORAD index. IL-19 plasma levels were measured with human IL-19 ELISA whereas IL-17A, IL-4 and IL-1β plasma levels were measured with flow cytometric bead based array.
 Plasma concentration of IL-19 was significantly increased in children with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. Furthermore IL-19 was positively correlated with SCORAD index and white blood cell count. Children under the age of 5 showed higher IL-19 concentrations compared to those older than 5. IL-17A, IL-4 and IL-1β were either without significance in AD phenotyping or not detected. IL-19 concentration may serve as a marker of AD severity, in particular in younger kids. However, the possible role of IL-19 in the endophenotyping of age-related AD and the role of this cytokine in monitoring the remission of this disease remains to be clarified.
Topic-Level Bayesian Surprise and Serendipity for Recommender Systems
Creators: name: Hasan, Tonmoy
name: Bunescu, Razvan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.6; I.2.7

description: A recommender system that optimizes its recommendations solely to fit a user's history of ratings for consumed items can create a filter bubble, wherein the user does not get to experience items from novel, unseen categories. One approach to mitigate this undesired behavior is to recommend items with high potential for serendipity, namely surprising items that are likely to be highly rated. In this paper, we propose a content-based formulation of serendipity that is rooted in Bayesian surprise and use it to measure the serendipity of items after they are consumed and rated by the user. When coupled with a collaborative-filtering component that identifies similar users, this enables recommending items with high potential for serendipity. To facilitate the evaluation of topic-level models for surprise and serendipity, we introduce a dataset of book reading histories extracted from Goodreads, containing over 26 thousand users and close to 1.3 million books, where we manually annotate 449 books read by 4 users in terms of their time-dependent, topic-level surprise. Experimental evaluations show that models that use Bayesian surprise correlate much better with the manual annotations of topic-level surprise than distance-based heuristics, and also obtain better serendipitous item recommendation performance.
description: Errata: Table 2 caption should be "Surprising item *detection* ..."
Scoping review protocol: Structural racism, Housing policy and post-victimization outcomes among female-identifying survivors of intimate partner and sexual violence
Creators: name: Love, Brittany
name: Baca-Atlas, Stefani N.
name: Baca-Atlas, Michael H.
name: Agha, Erum
name: Merino, Yesenia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: *Protocol for scoping review* 

Objective: The aim of this scoping review is to investigate the role of structural racism in inequitable post-victimization outcomes in female-identifying Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC women) survivors of intimate partner and sexual violence (IP/SV) in the context of housing policy. We will examine how structural racism has been defined and conceptualized as well as frameworks and methods used to study inequitable outcomes of housing policy among survivors of IP/SV. 

Introduction: Women often face housing instability as a result of IP/SV, and BIPOC women are especially vulnerable to discrimination based on gender and racialized group. Policies have been enacted to protect survivors from housing discrimination; however, policy does not equally or equitably serve BIPOC compared to white people. What is not known is the extent to which this injustice has been studied in the context of housing policies that create unjust and avoidable outcomes for female-identifying BIPOC survivors of IP/SV. 

Inclusion criteria: Studies that include female-identifying adults (ages 18+) who are survivors of IP/SV. Structural racism in the context of housing policies will be the focus; the relationship between housing policies and post-victimization outcomes will be examined. 

Methods: The search was conducted in March 2023 using CINAHL, Cochrane, Gender Watch, PsycInfo, Scopus, and Social Science Abstracts. Limiters were English language from 2005+. 4,090 de-duplicated articles were identified. Four scholars conducted title and abstract screening using Covidence. Full text and extraction begins in November 2023. An augmented version of the JBI template will be used to extract data.
Energieflexible Modellregion Augsburg – Lessons Learned aus dem konzeptionellen Testbetrieb zum regionalen Energieflexibilitätshandel
Creators: name: Patrick Jordan, Valerie Scharmer, Julia Schulz, Markus Wörle, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Michael F. Zäh, Dr. Andrea Hohmann, Florian Karg, Stefan Roth, Jessica Bollenbach, Prof. Dr. Hans Ulrich Buhl, Anne Michaelis, Daniel Parak, Julia Renner, Dr. Martin Weibelzahl, Christian Winter
Publisher: name: Technical University of Munich
Year: 2023
Subjects: Kopernikus-Projekt SynErgie, Energieflexibilität, Energieflexible Modellregion Augsburg, Energiesynchronisationsplattform, Energieflexibilitätshandel

description: Das Ziel des vorliegenden Dokuments ist die Zusammenfassung von zentralen Erkenntnissen – im Folgenden als Lessons Learned bezeichnet –, die Energie- und Projektmanager:innen berücksichtigen sollten, um Unternehmen zielgerichtet zur ökonomischen Nutzung von Energieflexibilitätspotenzialen mittels Energieflexibilitätshandel zu befähigen. Für die Teilnahme am Energieflexibilitätshandel wurde im Kopernikus-Projekt SynErgie eine Energiesynchronisationsplattform entwickelt. In diesem Dokument werden die Lessons Learned vorgestellt, die im Rahmen eines konzeptionellen Testbetriebs der Energiesynchronisationsplattform im industriellen Umfeld erarbeitet wurden. Unter der Beteiligung von in der Energieflexiblen Modellregion Augsburg ansässigen Unternehmen und dem Netzbetreiber wurden der Energieflexibilitätshandel sowie die entwickelte Plattformlösung erprobt. In Tabelle 1 sind die abgeleiteten Lessons Learned, von der Ermittlung von Energieflexibilitätspotenzialen bis hin zum kontinuierlichen Energieflexibilitätshandel mit der Energiesynchronisationsplattform, aufgeführt. Die Tabelle fungiert zum einen als Übersicht der gesammelten Lessons Learned und zum anderen als Checkliste für Unternehmen auf dem Weg zum Handel mit Energieflexibilitätspotenzialen. Die erarbeiteten Lessons Learned zeigen, dass Unternehmen der Einstieg zur Bereitstellung von Energieflexibilitäten auf dem Energiemarkt mittels der Energiesynchronisationsplattform ermöglicht werden kann. Um die Transformation zu einem energieflexiblen Unternehmen langfristig zu realisieren, wird empfohlen, dass Energie- und Projektmanager:innen die betroffenen Stakeholder möglichst früh in das Projekt einbinden. Darunter fallen die Verantwortlichen für energieflexible Anlagen und der damit verbundenen Prozesse als auch ggf. die relevanten externen Dienstleister.
Assessment of a new sub-grid model for magnetohydrodynamical turbulence. II. Kelvin-Helmholtz instability
Creators: name: Miravet-Tenés, Miquel
name: Cerdá-Durán, Pablo
name: Obergaulinger, Martin
name: Font, José A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The modelling of astrophysical systems such as binary neutron star mergers or the formation of magnetars from the collapse of massive stars involves the numerical evolution of magnetised fluids at extremely large Reynolds numbers. This is a major challenge for (unresolved) direct numerical simulations which may struggle to resolve highly dynamical features as, e.g. turbulence, magnetic field amplification, or the transport of angular momentum. Sub-grid models offer a means to overcome those difficulties. In a recent paper we presented MInIT, an MHD-instability-induced-turbulence mean-field, sub-grid model based on the modelling of the turbulent (Maxwell, Reynolds, and Faraday) stress tensors. While in our previous work MInIT was assessed within the framework of the magnetorotational instability, in this paper we further evaluate the model in the context of the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability (KHI). The main difference with other sub-grid models (as e.g. the alpha-viscosity model or the gradient model) is that in MInIT we track independently the turbulent energy density at sub-grid scales, which is used, via a simple closure relation, to compute the different turbulent stresses relevant for the dynamics. The free coefficients of the model are calibrated using well resolved box simulations of magnetic turbulence generated by the KHI. We test the model against these simulations and show that it yields order-of-magnitude accurate predictions for the evolution of the turbulent Reynolds and Maxwell stresses.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures Accepted for publication in MNRAS
IMPROVING EDUCATION ACCESS & QUALITY ACROSS TITLE I SCHOOLS IN DURHAM COUNTY, NORTH CAROLINA THROUGH A NUTRITION-BASED CURRICULUM AND SCHOOL-BASED FARMERS MARKET PROGRAM
Creators: name: Bailey, Sierra
name: Williams, Kolby
name: Tobias, Kory
name: Crudup, Maya
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Higher levels of education have been seen to influence health. The social determinants of health that include education can have a range of effects on society. Health literacy is the ability of individuals to find and access health resources. Access to and quality of education can develop health literacy in communities, which affects local health disparities. The goal of this capstone project is to comprehend how education quality in Durham County, North Carolina's school-age population could be affected by a school-based nutrition and farmer's market program. The proposed intervention will prioritize students in Grades 5 through 8 in Title I Schools in Durham County, North Carolina.
Synchronization of Networked Jahn-Teller Systems in Circuit QED
Creators: name: Gul, Yusuf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the nonlinear effects in Jahn-Teller system of two coupled resonators interacting simultaneously with flux qubit using Circuit QED. Two frequency description of Jahn Teller system that inherits the networked structure of both nonlinear Josephson Junctions and harmonic oscillators is employed to describe the synchronous structures in multifrequency scheme. Emergence of dominating mode is investigated to analyze frequency locking by eigenvalue spectrum. Rabi Supersplitting is tuned for coupled and uncoupled synchronous configurations in terms of frequency entrainment switched by coupling strength between resonators. Second order coherence functions are employed to investigate self-sustained oscillations in resonator mode and qubit dephasing. Snychronous structure between correlations of priviledged mode and qubit is obtained in localization-delocalization and photon blockade regime controlled by the population imbalance.
Conservative (failed)-tail effects at the fifth post-Newtonian order
Creators: name: Henry, Quentin
name: Larrouturou, François
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: regularization, dimensional
binary, compact
effective field theory
conservation law

description: This work deals with the tail and ``failed'' tail sectors of the conservative dynamics for compact binary systems at the 5PN order. We employ the Fokker Lagrangian method with dimensional regularization, and our results for the tail sector are perfectly consistent with the previous EFT computations. As for the ``failed'' tail sector, we have good hopes that this new computation will help solving the current discrepancy in the literature.
Logarithmically divergent friction on ultrarelativistic bubble walls
Creators: name: Ai, Wen-Yuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the friction experienced by ultrarelativistic bubble walls resulting from the $1 \rightarrow 2$ light-to-heavy transition process, with finite-wall-width effects fully taken into account. In this process, the light particle is excited from the order-parameter scalar field, while the two heavy particles are excitations of a dark matter scalar field. Unlike earlier estimates suggesting a friction scaling as $γ_w^0$, where $γ_w$ represents the Lorentz factor of the wall velocity, our more precise numerical analysis reveals a logarithmic dependence of the friction on $γ_w$. We offer a numerical fit to capture this frictional pressure accurately. Our analysis verifies that the friction stemming from the $1 \rightarrow 2$ light-to-heavy transition is typically much smaller than the friction from the $1 \rightarrow 1$ transmission of the dark matter particles.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures; v2: discussion on the $L_w\rightarrow 0$ limit (Sec. 4.3) added, title changed, refs updated; v3: matches the published version
Measures of azimuthal anisotropy in high-energy collisions
Creators: name: Ollitrault, Jean-Yves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Azimuthal anisotropy is a key observation made in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. This phenomenon has played a crucial role in the development of the field over the last two decades. In addition to its interest for studying the quark-gluon plasma, which was the original motivation, it is sensitive to the properties of incoming nuclei, in particular to the nuclear deformation and to the nuclear skin. The azimuthal anisotropy is therefore of crucial importance when relating low-energy nuclear structure to high-energy nuclear collisions. This article is an elementary introduction to the various observables used in order to characterize azimuthal anisotropy, which go under the names of $v_2\{2\}$, $v_3\{2\}$, $v_2\{4\}$, etc. The intended audience is primarily physicists working in the field of nuclear structure.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures. Prepared for the topical issue of EPJA on "Intersection of low-energy nuclear structure and high-energy nuclear collisions" v2: minor revision
The mediating role of socioeconomic status on the relationship between pregnancy history and later-life cognition
Creators: name: Giudicessi, A. J.
name: Saelzler, U. G.
name: Shadyab, A. H.
name: Posis, A. I. B.
name: Sundermann, E. E.
name: Banks, S. J.
name: Panizzon, M. S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The association of pregnancy with later-life cognition is not well understood. We examined whether full-term and incomplete pregnancies were associated with cognition in a sample of postmenopausal women, and whether socioeconomic status (SES) factors mediated these relationships. A total of 1016 cognitively normal women from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were examined. Cognitive measures included the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), Animal Fluency (AF) and the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease (CERAD) Word Learning (CERAD-WL) and Delayed Recall (CERAD-DR) tasks. Analyses examined the relationship between the number of term and incomplete pregnancies with cognitive performance, as well as the mediating effects of education and the federal income-to-poverty ratio (PIR). A greater number of term pregnancies was associated with worse performance on the DSST (β = −0.09, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.12, −0.06), AF (β = −0.03, 95% CI: −0.07, 0.00) and CERAD-DR (β = −0.04, 95% CI: −0.08, −0.01). More incomplete pregnancies were associated with better CERAD-DR performance (β = 0.07, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.13), and 28% (95% CI: 0.17, 0.42) of the association of term pregnancies with the DSST was mediated by the PIR. A higher number of term pregnancies was associated with worse cognitive performance, whereas a higher number of incomplete pregnancies was associated with better cognitive performance. Results indicate the necessity to consider SES factors when studying the relationship between pregnancy and cognition.
Participatory System Dynamics in Implementation Science Practice: A Scoping Review
Creators: name: Caton, Lauren
name: Benjamin Goldstein
name: Zimmernan, Lindsay
name: Nina Sperber
name: Kahkoska, Anna
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Objective: The objective of this scoping review is to 1) document PSD use in implementation science projects, 2) quantify PSD use across EPIS implementation stages (Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, and Sustainment) (EPIS), 3) quantify PSD implementation outcomes, and 4) measure fidelity and of PSD model across studies. 

Introduction: Like Implementation Science, Participatory Systems Dynamics seeks to examine the complex, contextual determinants of implementation. While implementation science seeks to understand these determinants, it often does not simulate them dynamically. Therefore, this scoping review seeks to understand the applications of PSD in IS projects and how this method can complement implementation work.
 
Inclusion criteria: Studies published between 2000 to 2023 were included if they used a participatory systems dynamics approach to elucidate an implementation challenge. We included studies that matched the validated synonyms for this work. We excluded studies that were international, non-English language, or were not peer-reviewed (e.g., commentary or literature review). 

Methods: PubMed and PsychInfo will be queried in June 2022 for PSD and IS terms and their synonyms. Synonym included in the search terms include “Group model building”, “community based systems dynamics”, “quality improvement” and “improvement science”. Abstract screening and full text screening were completed with two coders for consensus, and data extraction was completed by the first author.
Einstein Gravity, Massive Gravity, Multi-Gravity and Nonlinear Realizations
Creators: name: Goon, Garrett
name: Hinterbichler, Kurt
name: Joyce, Austin
name: Trodden, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of a ghost free theory of massive gravity begs for an interpretation as a Higgs phase of General Relativity. We revisit the study of massive gravity as a Higgs phase. Absent a compelling microphysical model of spontaneous symmetry breaking in gravity, we approach this problem from the viewpoint of nonlinear realizations. We employ the coset construction to search for the most restrictive symmetry breaking pattern whose low energy theory will both admit the de Rham-Gabadadze-Tolley (dRGT) potentials and nonlinearly realize every symmetry of General Relativity, thereby providing a new perspective from which to build theories of massive gravity. In addition to the known ghost-free terms, we find a novel parity violating interaction which preserves the constraint structure of the theory, but which vanishes on the normal branch of the theory. Finally, the procedure is extended to the cases of bi-gravity and multi-vielbein theories. Analogous parity violating interactions exist here, too, and may be non-trivial for certain classes of multi-metric theories.
description: 35 pages. v2 refs, comments added, appearing in JHEP
Mitigating the noise of DESI mocks using analytic control variates
Creators: name: Hadzhiyska, Boryana
name: White, Martin J.
name: Chen, Xinyi
name: Garrison, Lehman H.
name: DeRose, Joseph
name: Padmanabhan, Nikhil
name: Garcia-Quintero, Cristhian
name: Mena-Fernández, Juan
name: Chen, Shi-Fan
name: Seo, Hee-Jong
name: McDonald, Patrick
name: Aguilar, Jessica
name: Ahlen, Steven
name: Brooks, David
name: Claybaugh, Todd
name: de la Macorra, Axel
name: Doel, Peter
name: Font-Ribera, Andreu
name: Forero-Romero, Jaime E.
name: Gontcho, Satya Gontcho A
name: Honscheid, Klaus
name: Kremin, Anthony
name: Landriau, Martin
name: Manera, Marc
name: Miquel, Ramon
name: Nie, Jundan
name: Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie
name: Rezaie, Mehdi
name: Rossi, Graziano
name: Sanchez, Eusebio
name: Schubnell, Michael
name: Tarlé, Gregory
name: Zhou, Zhimin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to address fundamental questions related to the expansion history of the Universe and its primordial nature with the next generation of galaxy experiments, we need to model reliably large-scale structure observables such as the correlation function and the power spectrum. Cosmological $N$-body simulations provide a reference through which we can test our models, but their output suffers from sample variance on large scales. Fortunately, this is the regime where accurate analytic approximations exist. To reduce the variance, which is key to making optimal use of these simulations, we can leverage the accuracy and precision of such analytic descriptions using Control Variates (CV). The power of control variates stems from utilizing inexpensive but highly correlated surrogates of the statistics one wishes to measure. The stronger the correlation between the surrogate and the statistic of interest, the larger the variance reduction delivered by the method. We apply two control variate formulations to mock catalogs generated in anticipation of upcoming data from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) to test the robustness of its analysis pipeline. Our CV-reduced measurements offer a factor of 5-10 improvement in the measurement error compared with the raw measurements. We explore the relevant properties of the galaxy samples that dictate this reduction and comment on the improvements we find on some of the derived quantities relevant to Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) analysis. We also provide an optimized package for computing the power spectra and other two-point statistics of an arbitrary galaxy catalog as well as a pipeline for obtaining CV-reduced measurements on any of the AbacusSummit cubic box outputs. We make our scripts publicly available and report a speed improvement of $\sim$10 for a grid size of $N_{\rm mesh} = 256^3$ compared with \texttt{nbodykit}.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures, public package (for power spectrum and control variates estimation)
A hybrid discrete-continuum model of immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection in the lung alveolar region, with a focus on interferon induced innate response
Creators: name: Forest, M.G.
name: Aristotelous, A.C.
name: Chen, A.
Publisher: name: Academic Press
Year: 2022

description: We develop a lattice-based, hybrid discrete-continuum modeling framework for SARS-CoV-2 exposure and infection in the human lung alveolar region, or parenchyma, the massive surface area for gas exchange. COVID-19 pneumonia is alveolar infection by the SARS-CoV-2 virus significant enough to compromise gas exchange. The modeling framework orchestrates the onset and progression of alveolar infection, spatially and temporally, beginning with a pre-immunity baseline, upon which we superimpose multiple mechanisms of immune protection conveyed by interferons and antibodies. The modeling framework is tunable to individual profiles, focusing here on degrees of innate immunity, and to the evolving infection–replication properties of SARS-CoV-2 variant strains. The model employs partial differential equations for virion, interferon, and antibody concentrations governed by diffusion in the thin fluid coating of alveolar cells, species and lattice interactions corresponding to sources and sinks for each species, and multiple immune protections signaled by interferons. The spatial domain is a two-dimensional, rectangular lattice of alveolar type I (non-infectable) and type II (infectable) cells with a stochastic, species-concentration-governed, switching dynamics of type II lattice sites from healthy to infected. Once infected, type II cells evolve through three phases: an eclipse phase during which RNA copies (virions) are assembled; a shedding phase during which virions and interferons are released; and then cell death. Model simulations yield the dynamic spread of, and immune protection against, alveolar infection and viral load from initial sites of exposure. We focus in this paper on model illustrations of the diversity of outcomes possible from alveolar infection, first absent of immune protection, and then with varying degrees of four known mechanisms of interferon-induced innate immune protection. We defer model illustrations of antibody protection to future studies. Results presented reinforce previous recognition that interferons produced solely by infected cells are insufficient to maintain a high efficacy level of immune protection, compelling additional mechanisms to clear alveolar infection, such as interferon production by immune cells and adaptive immunity (e.g., T cells). This manuscript was submitted as part of a theme issue on “Modelling COVID-19 and Preparedness for Future Pandemics”.