cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Closing wedge osteotomies: what’s the best way?
Creators: name: Juels, Michaela
name: Chen, Kevin
name: Talathi, Nakul
name: Silva, Mauricio
name: Thompson, Rachel
Publisher: name: Oregon Health and Science University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Surgical Procedures, Operative
subject: Health Services
subject: Education
subject: Orthopedic Procedures
subject: Pediatrics
subject: Osteotomies
subject: Closing Wedge Osteotomy
subject: Pediatric Bone Deformity
subject: Long Bones

description: Introduction Closing-wedge osteotomies are utilized to treat various pediatric deformities in long bones. Currently, limited evidence exists evaluating various modalities for performing osteotomies. This study investigates the effectiveness of several measuring and marking methods for completing wedge-shaped osteotomies. Methods An observational cohort study was completed. Participating orthopaedic residents (PGY 1-5) completed 30-degree wedge osteotomies on a Sawbones femur utilizing a standard oscillating saw under three measuring conditions: (1) no measurement tool, (2) 30-degree triangle, and (3) goniometer, in combination with two different marking methods: (1) marking pen or (2) pin placement, for a total of six discrete permutations. Demographic characteristics and osteotomy performance (osteotomy quality, completion time, and angle accuracy) were assessed. Quality was ranked as perfect (1), mild step-off (2), or gross surface irregularity (3). Multivariate regressions were performed to fit demographic characteristics to osteotomy performance. ANOVA was performed comparing osteotomy performance and measuring methods. Results 24 residents were included for analysis; 6 were female (31%). No significant difference was observed between gender and surface quality or wedge angle accuracy; however, female gender was independently associated with longer completion time compared to male residents (143 seconds versus 98 seconds). The use of guide wires was associated with a longer completion time (152 seconds v 83 seconds) and lower surface quality (1.49 v 1.23) compared to marking pen across all measuring methods. Of all methods, the use of a triangle with a marker was the most accurate and had the highest average osteotomy quality compared to all tested conditions. Conclusion The combination of fixed-angle triangle and marking pen is the most accurate modality producing the highest osteotomy quality for closing-wedge osteotomies in long bones. Kirschner guide-pin placements increases OR time without improving quality. While male residents complete wedge osteotomies quicker than female residents, quality and accuracy are comparable amongst trainees.
Remote working during the COVID-19 pandemic: A study on the emotional and relational experience and on the well-being of Italian university scholars and clerks
Creators: name: Esposito, Ciro
name: Agueli, Barbara
name: Arcidiacono, Caterina
name: Di Napoli, Immacolata
Publisher: name: Psychology Hub
Year: 2022

description: Introduction: This study investigated the emotions, relational experience and well-being of university scholars and clerks who continued their activities working remotely during the Italian lockdown period (March and April 2020). Methods: Eighty-seven workers (55% scholars and 45% university clerks) filled out an online quali-quantitative questionnaire about their work remotely during the lockdown. Qualitative data were analyzed through Grounded Theory Methodology. Then cross-tabs were created to intertwine the code groups that emerged with work role and gender of participants and frequencies were analyzed by Chi square test. Data were also analyzed through Univariate Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Results: The results showed that scholars consider remote working mainly as a critical issue, while clerks see it more as a resource. Clerks more frequently reported negative affectivity such as anxiety, fear and anger, while scholars more frequently reported loneliness. Regarding interpersonal relationships, no significant differences between scholars and clerks were observed. Moreover, clerks reported lower physical, psychological, economic and overall well-being compared to scholars. Conclusions: This study highlights the importance of the mattering role of human relations in work activities. Without taking into account the emotional and relational needs of the workers, remote working can have negative effects on well-being. Keywords: remote working; COVID-19 pandemic; well-being; affects; Grounded Theory Methodology
description: Psychology Hub, Vol. 39 No. 1 (2022): Special Issue Effect of Covid-19 pandemic: vulnerability and resources. Part 2
Later circadian timing and increased sleep variability are associated with attenuated overnight blood pressure dipping among chronic shift workers
Creators: name: Shafer, Brooke
name: Christopher, Desirae
name: Shea, Steven A.
name: Olson, Ryan
name: McHill, Andrew
Publisher: name: Oregon Health and Science University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Public Health
subject: Circadian Rhythm
subject: Circadian Misalignment
subject: Circadian Disruption
subject: Cardiovascular Health
subject: Sleep Regularity
subject: Shift Work Sleep Disorder

description: Introduction: Nighttime shift work is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcomes, including hypertension. Increased sleep variability and circadian disruption may increase sympathetic activity and waking blood pressure (BP), potentially constraining typical BP reductions during overnight sleep. However, the relationships between circadian phase, sleep variability, and overnight BP reduction (dipping) among day vs. chronic nightshift workers is unknown. Methods: Ambulatory BP was monitored for 48-hours among 10 dayshift (mean±SD; age 33.1±7.0 y; BMI 26.3±5.4 kg/m2) and 10 chronic (9.3±6.8 y of shiftwork) nightshift workers (age 32.7±9.1 y; BMI 27.9±7.6 kg/m2). Overnight BP dipping was calculated from the sleeping/waking systolic BP ratio. Variability in sleep timing was defined as the SD of reported sleep onset across 1-week. Circadian phase was determined by salivary dim-light melatonin onset (DLMO; 3pg/ml threshold). Differences between groups were assessed using independent t-tests and linear mixed-effects models with group and time-from-sleep-onset or circadian phase as fixed-effects, and participant as a random effect. Relationships between overnight BP dipping and DLMO, sleep onset timing variability, and phase angle of entrainment (DLMO to sleep onset during ambulatory BP) were assessed using Pearson correlation analyses. Results: Chronic nightshift workers had reduced overnight BP dipping (-9.3±1.5 % vs -13.4±4.4 %; p=0.04), later DLMO timing (21:08±0:53 vs 19:21±1:02; p=0.001), smaller phase angle of entrainment (3.7±1.0 h vs 5.0±0.90 h; p=0.02), and greater variability in sleep onset timing (3.2±1.5 h vs 0.87±0.34 h; p<0.001). Significant group effects for higher systolic BP across circadian phase and time from sleep onset in the nightshift group were observed compared to dayshift (both p<0.05). DLMO (r=0.49; p=0.04) and phase angle of entrainment (r=0.53; p=0.02) were associated with overnight BP dip magnitude (later circadian phase correlated with less dipping). Sleep onset timing variability was negatively correlated with magnitude of overnight BP dipping in nightshift (r= -0.76; p=0.04) but not dayshift workers (r=0.26; p=0.61). Discussion: Attenuated overnight BP dipping among chronic nightshift workers may be indicative of increased cardiovascular risk. Chronic circadian disruptions (i.e., smaller phase angle of entrainment) as a function of higher sleep variability among nightshift workers may mechanistically contribute to poorer health outcomes compared to dayshift workers.
The VLT-FLAMES Tarantula Survey XII. Rotational velocities of the single O-type stars
Creators: name: Ramírez-Agudelo, O. H.
name: Simón-Díaz, S.
name: Sana, H.
name: de Koter, A.
name: Sabín-Sanjulían, C.
name: de Mink, S. E.
name: Dufton, P. L.
name: Gräfener, G.
name: Evans, C. J.
name: Herrero, A.
name: Langer, N.
name: Lennon, D. J.
name: Apellániz, J. Maíz
name: Markova, N.
name: Najarro, F.
name: Puls, J.
name: Taylor, W. D.
name: Vink, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. Using ground based multi-object optical spectroscopy obtained in the framework of the VLT-FLAMES Tarantula Survey (VFTS), we aim to establish the (projected) rotational velocity distribution for a sample of 216 presumably single O-type stars in 30 Doradus (30 Dor). Methods. We measured projected rotational velocities, \vrot, by means of a Fourier transform method and a profile fitting method applied on a set of isolated spectral lines. We also used an iterative deconvolution procedure to infer the probability density, $\rm{P(\veq)}$, of the equatorial rotational velocity, \veq. Results. The distribution of \vrot\ shows a two-component structure: a peak around 80 \kms\ and a high-velocity tail extending up to $\sim$600 \kms. This structure is also present in the inferred distribution $\rm{P(\veq)}$ with around 80% of the sample having 0 $
description: 16 pages, 20 figures, A&A paper accepted
A Review of Theories in Gratitude Literature
Creators: name: Subramanian R, Bala
name: Thakur, Munsih
Publisher: name: Psychology Hub
Year: 2022

description: Gratitude is not an uncommon emotion that can be easily neglected and deservesempirical and theoretical attention. Gratitude research, initially originated frompsychology, expanded to all fields, in the last two decades. Various theories have beenapplied to explain the gratitude phenomenon in the research. The theories have theirown advantages, and limitations in explaining the gratitude. This paper is a review ofthe theories applied in gratitude research. The paper also analysis the theories in theirscope of level of analysis.
description: Psychology Hub, Vol. 39 No. 1 (2022): Special Issue Effect of Covid-19 pandemic: vulnerability and resources. Part 2
Relativistic shock acceleration and some consequences
Creators: name: Lemoine, M.
name: Pelletier, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper summarizes recent progresses in our theoretical understanding of particle acceleration at relativistic shock waves and it discusses two salient consequences: (1) the maximal energy of accelerated particles; (2) the impact of the shock-generated micro-turbulence on the multi-wavelength light curves of gamma-ray burst afterglows.
description: 10 pages,1 figure. To appear in the Proceedings of the HEPRO IV (High Energy Phenomena in Relativistic Outflows) Conference (Heidelberg, Germany, July 2013), eds. F. Rieger and F. Aharonian, in Int. J. Mod. Phys. Conf. Ser
Psychological well-being and lockdown: a study on an Italian sample during the first COVID-19 wave
Creators: name: Marchetti, Michela
name: Gatti, Daniele
name: Inguscio, Lucio
name: Mazzoni, Giuliana
Publisher: name: Psychology Hub
Year: 2022

description: During February and March 2020, the Italian government decided to provide guidelines in order to counter the spreading of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Several studies have shown that the first Lockdown deeply affected the psychological well-being of the individuals, but the role of possible protective variables is currently not known. In the present study we aimed to investigate the impact of several behavioral variables on individuals’ mental states and emotions experienced during the first Lockdown in Italy. Participants were 172 Italian adults and they were asked to answer several questions regarding the intensity of mental states and emotions experienced, the perceived usefulness of lockdown, the feeling of living a normal life, and the coping strategies implemented to face the pandemic. Results showed that, during the first wave of COVID-19 in Italy, only the perceived usefulness of lockdown positively affected people’s emotions. This result suggests that a better communication of the experimental findings supporting the political decisions made, and behavioral measures shaped to increase people’s commitment to the proposed rules are crucial in order to enhance people’s wellbeing. While this result is limited to the first wave and the first lockdown, future research should assess the role of rule acceptance and coping strategies in subsequent waves of COVID-19, and consequent partial or total lockdowns.
description: Psychology Hub, Vol. 39 No. 1 (2022): Special Issue Effect of Covid-19 pandemic: vulnerability and resources. Part 2
Possible Presence and Properties of Multi Chiral Pair-Bands in Odd-Odd Nuclei with the Same Intrinsic Configuration
Creators: name: Hamamoto, Ikuko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Applying a relatively simple particle-rotor model to odd-odd nuclei, possible presence of multi chiral pair-bands is looked for, where chiral pair-bands are defined not only by near-degeneracy of the levels of two bands but also by almost the same expectation values of squared components of three angular-momenta that define chirality. In the angular-momentum region where two pairs of chiral pair-bands are obtained the possible interband M1/E2 decay from the second-lowest chiral pair-bands to the lowest chiral pair-bands is studied, with the intention of finding how to experimentally identify the multi chiral pair-bands. It is found that up till almost band-head the intraband M1/E2 decay within the second chiral pair-bands is preferred rather than the interband M1/E2 decay to the lowest chiral pair-bands, though the decay possibility depends on the ratio of actual decay energies. It is also found that chiral pair-bands in our model and definition are hardly obtained for $γ$ values outside the range $25^{\circ} < γ< 35^{\circ}$, although either a near-degeneracy or a constant energy-difference of several hundreds keV between the two levels for a given angular-momentum $I$ in "a pair bands" is sometimes obtained in some limited region of $I$. In the present model calculations the energy difference between chiral pair-bands is always one or two orders of magnitude smaller than a few hundreds keV, and no chiral pair-bands are obtained, which have an almost constant energy difference of the order of a few hundreds keV in a reasonable range of $I$.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures
Higher prenatal dietary glycemic index predicts greater subjective and objective negative affect in six-month-old infants: a prospective longitudinal study
Creators: name: Wood, Elizabeth
name: Nigg, Joel
Publisher: name: Oregon Health and Science University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nutritional Sciences
subject: Glycemic Control
subject: Child Nutrition Sciences
subject: Temperament
subject: Early Childhood Development
subject: Developmental Programming
subject: Prenatal Diet
subject: Glycemic Index
subject: Pregnancy

description: The dietary glycemic index (GI) reflects the rate of post-prandial plasma glucose generation, with higher GI foods rapidly increasing blood sugar. Consumption of high-GI foods during pregnancy has been linked to offspring risk for obesity and metabolic disorders, but the independent effects of high dietary GI on infant neurodevelopment have not been clarified in the context of birthing parent metabolic health. We examined the relationship of birthing parent dietary GI, insulin resistance, and adiposity during pregnancy on infant negative affect, an early marker of neurodevelopmental risk. Subjects were 302 birthing parent-infant dyads. Assessments during the second and third trimesters included: birthing parent dietary quality (three 24-hour dietary recalls/trimester), adiposity (air displacement plethysmography), and insulin sensitivity (the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated from fasting plasma glucose and insulin concentrations). At six months old, infant temperament was evaluated using subjective (Infant Behavior Questionnaire-Revised) and objective measures (Still Face paradigm). Auxiliary variables, including birthing parent race, ethnicity, parity, and age, were self-reported and mood was captured using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Structural equation models accounting for the interdependence of dietary GI, adiposity, and insulin sensitivity during each trimester, and adjusted for covariates, showed that higher HOMA-IR values in the second, but not the third trimester, predicted higher objective infant negative affect at six months (β = .237, p = .0001). Conversely, higher dietary GI during the third, but not the second, trimester predicted higher subjective (β = .121, p = .040) and objective infant negative affect (β = .121, p = .043). These results suggest that birthing parent insulin sensitivity and dietary quality may be important targets for improving infant neurodevelopment. Given its modifiable nature, interventions with a particular focus on reducing high GI food intake during the later stages of pregnancy may be most effective.
title: The Effect of Sibship Size on Educational Attainment in China:
Period Variations
Creators: name: Lu, Yao
name: Treiman, Donald J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Families
subject: Educational sociology
subject: Education--Sociological aspects
subject: Education

description: In industrialized nations, sibship size generally depresses educational attainment: the larger the number of siblings, the lower the educational attainment. This association is much less consistent in developing nations, however. This article examines the effect that the number of siblings has on educational attainment in China, a nation that has experienced sharp vacillations between policies designed to promote equality (between urban and rural residents and between men and women) and policies designed to promote economic development. The implementation of these policies in the educational arena has alternately reduced and increased competition for educational resources and, as we show, has correspondingly reduced and increased the effect of sibship size on educational attainment.
Characterization of the Praesepe Star Cluster by Photometry and Proper Motions with 2MASS, PPMXL, and Pan-STARRS
Creators: name: Wang, P. F.
name: Chen, W. P.
name: Lin, C. C.
name: Pandey, A. K.
name: Huang, C. K.
name: Panwar, N.
name: Lee, C. H.
name: Tsai, M. F.
name: Tang, C. -H.
name: Goldman, B.
name: Burgett, W. S.
name: Chambers, K. C.
name: Draper, P. W.
name: Flewelling, H.
name: Grav, T.
name: Heasley, J. N.
name: Hodapp, K. W.
name: Huber, M. E.
name: Jedicke, R.
name: Kaiser, N.
name: Kudritzki, R. -P.
name: Luppino, G. A.
name: Lupton, R. H.
name: Magnier, E. A.
name: Metcalfe, N.
name: Monet, D. G.
name: Morgan, J. S.
name: Onaka, P. M.
name: Price, P. A.
name: Stubbs, C. W.
name: Sweeney, W.
name: Tonry, J. L.
name: Wainscoat, R. J.
name: Waters, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Membership identification is the first step to determine the properties of a star cluster. Low-mass members in particular could be used to trace the dynamical history, such as mass segregation, stellar evaporation, or tidal stripping, of a star cluster in its Galactic environment. We identified member candidates with stellar masses $\sim$0.11--2.4 Msun of the intermediate-age Praesepe cluster (M44), by using Pan-STARRS and 2MASS photometry, and PPMXL proper motions. Within a sky area of 3 deg radius, 1040 candidates are identified, of which 96 are new inclusions. Using the same set of selection criteria on field stars led to an estimate of a false positive rate 16%, suggesting 872 of the candidates being true members. This most complete and reliable membership list allows us to favor the BT-Settl model in comparison with other stellar models. The cluster shows a distinct binary track above the main sequence, with a binary frequency of 20--40%, and a high occurrence rate of similar mass pairs. The mass function is consistent with that of the disk population but shows a deficit of members below 0.3 solar masses. A clear mass segregation is evidenced, with the lowest-mass members in our sample being evaporated from this disintegrating cluster.
description: ApJ accepted
Proactive, boundaryless, and confident graduates entering the labour market: does need for cognitive closure play a role as a moderator?
Creators: name: Mondo, Marina
name: Barbieri, Barbara
name: De Simone, Silvia
name: Pileri, Jessica
name: Lo Presti, Alessandro
Publisher: name: Psychology Hub
Year: 2022

description: The transition from university to work is a crucial and delicate stage for graduates, as it involves an important change of role. Previous studies have shown that proactive personality, boundaryless mind-set and career self-efficacy are key variables for successful labour market integration/entry. This research analyzes the involvement of other individual variables that can both favor and hinder this process such as the need for cognitive closure. Specifically the aim of this work is to examine the moderating role of need for cognitive closure in the indirect association between proactive personality and career self-efficacy through boundaryless mind-set in a sample of 762 adults enrolled at the University or recently graduated therein. Results showed that career self-efficacy was positively predicted by proactive personality and boundaryless mind-set. Although a significant indirect effect was present thus confirming first hypothesis, it did not vary depending on the levels of need for cognitive closure proving that need for cognitive closure did not act as a moderator of this indirect association, hence not supporting second hypothesis. These findings were discussed in relation to the complexity of the choices to be made by students in transition and the nature of the information processing process needed for those choices.
description: Psychology Hub, Vol. 39 No. 2 (2022)
An enzyme-responsive nanoplatform for preventing collagen degradation in dental tissues
Creators: name: Huynh, Bao
Publisher: name: Oregon Health and Science University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemistry
subject: Oral Health
subject: MMP
subject: Nanomicelles
subject: Inhibition
subject: Peptide Hydrolases
subject: Matrix Metalloproteinases
subject: Dental Caries Susceptibility
subject: Periodontal Diseases

description: The collagen degradation mediated by host proteolytic enzymes, such as the metalloproteinases (MMPs), is strongly associated to the development of secondary caries at the restorative material-dental tissues interface and periodontal disease. While some potent MMP inhibitors have been identified, their incorporation in the dental biomaterials remains as a challenge due to chemical incompatibility, poor diffusion, and limited substantivity. Therefore, this study is aimed at developing an innovative MMP-responsive nanocarrier to serve as a delivery vehicle for enzyme inhibitors and promote their sustainable and on-demand release. newly designed nanocarrier is based on a micellar nanoparticle composed of a block-copolymer with MMP-9 recognizable/cleavable sequences. For the block-copolymer synthesis, the compounds (N-Benzyl)-5-norbornene-exo-2,3-dicarboximide and 1-{[(2S)-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-2-ylcarbonyl]oxy}-2,5-pyrrolidinedione were synthesized. polymerization was catalyzed by a modified Grubbs catalyst. final block-copolymer was obtained via precipitation in cold methanol and centrifugation, and characterized by NMR spectroscopy. The copolymer (50 mg/mL) was dissolved in an anhydrous mixture of dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide containing peptides with the amino acid sequence GPLGLAGGWGERDGS and N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (1:4:16 copolymer:peptide:DIPEA). After stirring for 27 hr, the solution was precipitated in cold methanol and centrifuged—the peptide-copolymer was characterized by NMR spectroscopy. To form micelles, the block copolymer-peptide compound was first dissolved in DMSO and distilled water was added until reaching the critical micelle concentration (30% v/v aqueous). After 2 days of stirring, water was added until reaching 50% v/v aqueous. The final solution was transferred to dialysis tubing and placed in water. The buffer was exchanged 3x per day for 2 days, then the procedure was repeated once with Dulbecco’s phosphate-buffered saline solution. The micelles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy after being concentrated. The responsivity to MMP-9 was tested by incubating the micelles in buffer for 24 hr at 37 °C, and further analyzed by TEM.
Holtzman Inkblot Technique as a Measure of Interpersonal Relationship
Creators: name: Dawe, James
name: Hawkins, Raymond C.
name: Lauriola, Marco
name: Pezzuti, Lina
Publisher: name: Psychology Hub
Year: 2022

description: We examined the ability of the Holtzman Inkblot Technique (HIT) to assess different aspects of interpersonal relationships through the study of the association of six original HIT variables and 13 new HIT variables with the Rorschach Comprehensive System and the Personality Assessment Inventory. The three tests were administered to a sample of 136 subjects (61 male and 76 female) with an age range between 18 and 35 years. Four HIT variables (Human Content, Anxiety, Hostility, and Barrier) and four new HIT variables showed several significant correlations, which ranged from a minimum of .18 to a maximum of .28. Some of the results confirmed our hypotheses and therefore provide new support for the validity of old and new HIT variables. Those the significant correlations of the new HIT variables have an important implication for both clinicians and researchers. These results are discussed in the context of the literature.
description: Psychology Hub, Vol. 39 No. 2 (2022)
Psychological functioning of adolescent with cancer
Creators: name: Pezzuti, Lina
name: Dell'Anna, Brigitte
name: Quarato, Stefania
name: Colavero, Paolo
name: Tornasello, Assunta
name: Varani, Silvia
Publisher: name: Psychology Hub
Year: 2022

description: Oncological diseases in adolescence are stressful for psychological health in a critical period of development marked by the structuring of identity, relationships, autonomy and personality. The implementation of adaptive or maladaptive responses, i.e. different coping strategies, is influenced by multiple factors, including temperament and personality characteristics. The aim of the present research was to compare the scores obtained at the Personality Assessment Inventory - Adolescent (PAI-A) by two groups of 87 adolescents aged between 12 and 18 years, oncological and not, perfectly matched for age and gender, with the aim of investigating the differences regarding specific aspects of personality, relational modes and psychopathological manifestations or symptoms. The results of the analysis of the scales and subscales of the PAI-A show the higher mean scores in the group of adolescents with cancer for the followed scales and subscales: Somatic Complaints; Conversion; Somatization; Health Concerns; Depression; Physiological Depression; Persecution; Resentment; Schizophrenia; Social Detachment; Alcohol and Drug Problems; Suicidal Ideation; Affective Instability; Antisocial Features and Behaviors; Egocentricity; Physical Aggression; and Stress and Nonsupport. Conversely, the control group showed higher mean scores on the dimensions as the Warmth, Irritability, Hypervigilance, and the Dominance. The results are discussed in the light of the current literature.
description: Psychology Hub, Vol. 39 No. 2 (2022)
Critical parameters of the three-dimensional Ising spin glass
Creators: name: Janus Collaboration
name: Baity-Jesi, M.
name: Baños, R. A.
name: Cruz, A.
name: Fernandez, L. A.
name: Gil-Narvion, J. M.
name: Gordillo-Guerrero, A.
name: Iñiguez, D.
name: Maiorano, A.
name: Mantovani, F.
name: Marinari, E.
name: Martin-Mayor, V.
name: Monforte-Garcia, J.
name: Sudupe, A. Muñoz
name: Navarro, D.
name: Parisi, G.
name: Perez-Gaviro, S.
name: Pivanti, M.
name: Ricci-Tersenghi, F.
name: Ruiz-Lorenzo, J. J.
name: Schifano, S. F.
name: Seoane, B.
name: Tarancon, A.
name: Tripiccione, R.
name: Yllanes, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a high-precision finite-size scaling study of the critical behavior of the three-dimensional Ising Edwards-Anderson model (the Ising spin glass). We have thermalized lattices up to L=40 using the Janus dedicated computer. Our analysis takes into account leading-order corrections to scaling. We obtain Tc = 1.1019(29) for the critical temperature, ν= 2.562(42) for the thermal exponent, η= -0.3900(36) for the anomalous dimension and ω= 1.12(10) for the exponent of the leading corrections to scaling. Standard (hyper)scaling relations yield α= -5.69(13), β= 0.782(10) and γ= 6.13(11). We also compute several universal quantities at Tc.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Supporting families – navigating Care and Services for Children with Special Health Needs (CYSHN), a course for community health workers
Creators: name: Gallarde-Kim, Sheryl
name: Johnson, Jenna
name: Gallarde-Kim, Sheryl
name: Berardinelli, Marilyn
name: Bakewell, Tamara
name: Patterson, Lindsey, PhD
Publisher: name: Oregon Health and Science University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Community Health Workers
subject: Public Health
subject: Workforce Development
subject: Children and youth with special health needs
subject: Disabled Children
subject: Health Equity
subject: Care Coordination
subject: Social Services

description: One in five Oregon children under age 18 has a special health need, and half do not receive needed care coordination (National Survey of Children’s Health, 2020). Workforce shortages contribute to the lack of access to care coordination. Community Health Workers (CHWs) play an important role in the workforce by helping families achieve equitable access to care and resources. However, there is a dearth of training on cross-sector care coordination specific to Oregon child-serving systems. The Oregon Center for Children and Youth with Special Health Needs (OCCYSHN) developed a course for CHWs and others in navigation roles. It provides an overview of Oregon’s child-servicing systems, including strategies for supporting families in accessing services and resources for their children. In a course pilot survey, 78% of participants reported that the course was relevant to their work. Participants reported that the course was useful in building their confidence in working with children and families in five areas. CHWs with the knowledge and strategies to help families navigate services and resources can improve care coordination for children. The course is an important resource for building CYSHN-specific capacity among a broader workforce.
BioExcel-2 Deliverable D4.2 - Training Plan
Creators: name: Llinares, Marta Lloret
name: Matser, Vera
name: Blau, Christian
name: Apostolov, Rossen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Training
Competency
Event
Impact

description: BioExcel runs an innovative training programme that truly adapts to the user’s needs. The programme is based on a competency profile and the identification of areas with low coverage of training opportunities (BioExcel or third-party). To increase the impact of our offering we collaborate with other HPC training organisations (e.g. PRACE) and expose all training resources we are aware of to our community through the Knowledge Resource Center. As HPC continues to become more vital to life science research we need to continue to lower the barrier to adoption and support the capacity building of our community. We have extended our training offer with remote training, which has allowed us to broaden our reach, increase the variety of the content we offer and made our training programme more accessible. This document describes the updated BioExcel competency profile and the training activities completed in 2019. It includes an evaluation of the virtual training pilots and our future plans to incorporate these sessions into the BioExcel training programme. Long-term impact from previous BioExcel courses is also presented. The BioExcel competency profile has been updated to version 2, with substantial changes being made to condense and streamline the profile for ease of use. The existing learning resources were remapped to the new version of the framework at the level of the Knowledge, Skills and Attitudes (KSAs). 225 learning resources are now mapped to version 2 of the BioExcel competency profile and available in the Knowledge Resource Center. Four virtual training pilot courses have been run successfully. This form of delivery is clearly an excellent way of increasing the reach of the BioExcel training programme and we have already four courses planned in early 2020. We discuss the challenges these sessions pose and how we will address them. We present a set of guidelines for preparing and delivering virtual courses, which will be further developed during the rest of the BioExcel project. We describe an overview of the face to face training events completed in 2019 and discuss the feedback received through post-course surveys. 100% of respondents gave one of the two top ratings to the three reported courses where a question regarding an overall rating was included. In addition to the events organised by BioExcel training work package, the BioExcel partners have participated in 12 training activities listed in this report. BioExcel will continue to deliver training to the biomolecular research community through already planned events listed here and others yet to be confirmed. The long-term impact of previous training activities is also described here. It shows that most respondents use the skills gained during the courses and many of them teach others, which broadens the impact that our training has in the community.
Adipokines measured prenatally and at birth are associated with infant negative affect
Creators: name: Molloy, Kelly
Publisher: name: Oregon Health and Science University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Pregnancy
subject: Child Development
subject: Adiposity
subject: Adipokines
subject: Mental Health
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Early Childhood Development
subject: Infant Development
subject: Maternal Obesity
subject: Mental Disorders
subject: Fetal Development
subject: Pregnancy

description: Increasing evidence suggests that greater maternal adiposity during pregnancy is related to offspring risk for mental health disorders (Rivera, Christiansen, & Sullivan, 2015), although the mechanisms through which these effects are conveyed remain poorly understood. One hypothesis is that alterations in maternal concentrations of adipokines such as leptin and adiponectin may explain this association (Valleau & Sullivan, 2014). Leptin and adiponectin influence the in-utero environment and glucoregulation in the parent and child, which has implications for fetal development and infant psychopathology. The goal of the current study was to explore the mechanisms through which prenatal adipokines (leptin and adiponectin) influence the relationship between prenatal adiposity and infant negative affect. Data (N=310) were collected from a cohort of pregnant individuals and their children, followed from the 2nd trimester of pregnancy through 6 months postpartum. Second trimester adiposity (percent body fat) was assessed using air displacement plethysmography (BOD POD). Concentrations of adiponectin and leptin were assessed in maternal plasma at 24-26 weeks (Yalinbas, Binay, Simsek, & Aksit, 2019) gestation and in umbilical cord plasma. Infant temperament was assessed through behavioral coding of the still face paradigm (Adamson & Frick, 2003) and arm restraint task (Planalp, Van Hulle, Gagne, & Goldsmith, 2017) at 6 months postpartum. As expected, maternal 2nd trimester adiposity was associated with greater leptin (β=.61, p<.001) and with lower adiponectin (β=-.40, p<.001) during the 2nd trimester. Decreased 2T adiponectin predicted greater infant NA during both behavioral tasks (βsrange=-19-.27, ps<.05). Also, cord blood leptin was associated with increased infant NA during the still face paradigm only. Prenatal leptin and cord blood adiponectin were not significantly associated with infant NA.
Writing about stressful workplace experiences
Creators: name: Caputo, Andrea
name: Monterosso, Davide
name: Sorrentino, Eugenio
Publisher: name: Psychology Hub
Year: 2022

description: The need for effective preventive strategies at the workplace is largely advocated to reduce workers’ perceived stress and overall improve their well-being. Written emotional disclosure (WED) has been proposed as an experimental paradigm in samples faced with particular stressors, leading to several benefits for physical and psychological health. The current systematic review with meta-analysis aimed at addressing the questions of whether WED interventions applied to stressful workplace experiences can be effective for working adults and what types of outcomes are mostly affected by such interventions. The selection procedure resulted in 4 eligible studies out of 324 examined articles. The results indicated, on average, a small-sized effect (weighted ES = 0.26; 95% CI = -0.21, 0.72), a higher impact on emotional outcomes (weighted ES = 0.65; 95% CI = 0.48, 0.82), and a null effect on physical health (weighted ES = 0.01; 95% CI = -0.01, 0.03). It is concluded that, if considering that WED represents a low-cost, easy-to-use, and brief intervention, even small improvements could be clinically relevant in reducing work-related stress. The application of WED as a method of coping with work stressors should be further expanded in future research as to provide greater empirical evidence.
description: Psychology Hub, Vol. 39 No. 2 (2022)
Extension of the B3LYP - Dispersion-Correcting Potential Approach to the Accurate Treatment of both Inter- and Intramolecular Interactions
Creators: name: DiLabio, Gino A.
name: Koleini, Mohammad
name: Torres, Edmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We recently showed that dispersion-correcting potentials (DCPs), atom-centered Gaussian-type functions developed for use with B3LYP (J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2012, 3, 1738-1744) greatly improved the ability of the underlying functional to predict non-covalent interactions. However, the application of B3LYP-DCP for the β-scission of the cumyloxyl radical led a calculated barrier height that was over-estimated by ca. 8 kcal/mol. We show in the present work that the source of this error arises from the previously developed carbon atom DCPs, which erroneously alters the electron density in the C-C covalent-bonding region. In this work, we present a new C-DCP with a form that was expected to influence the electron density farther from the nucleus. Tests of the new C-DCP, with previously published H-, N- and O-DCPs, with B3LYP-DCP/6-31+G(2d,2p) on the S66, S22B, HSG-A, and HC12 databases of non-covalently interacting dimers showed that it is one of the most accurate methods available for treating intermolecular interactions, giving mean absolute errors (MAEs) of 0.19, 0.27, 0.16, and 0.18 kcal/mol, respectively. Additional testing on the S12L database of complexation systems gave an MAE of 2.6 kcal/mol, showing that the B3LYP-DCP/6-31+G(2d,2p) approach is one of the best-performing and feasible methods for treating large systems dominated by non-covalent interactions. Finally, we showed that C-C making/breaking chemistry is well-predicted using the newly developed DCPs. In addition to predicting a barrier height for the β-scission of the cumyloxyl radical that is within 1.7 kcal/mol of the high-level value, application of B3LYP-DCP/6-31+G(2d,2p) to 10 databases that include reaction barrier heights and energies, isomerization energies and relative conformation energies gives performance that is amongst the best of all available dispersion-corrected density-functional theory approaches.
The university teaching during the COVID 19 pandemic lockdown: cognitive and motivational factors promoting the sense of community in university online courses.
Creators: name: VECCHIO, GIOVANNI MARIA
name: MASTANDREA, STEFANO
name: PERUCCHINI, PAOLA
name: FAGIOLI, SABRINA
Publisher: name: Psychology Hub
Year: 2022

description: Restrictions to contain the COVID-19 pandemic in spring 2020 led to the closure of schools and university. To meet learning outcomes, most of academic courses were abruptly adapted to a digital format, and different online deliveries were given in at-home educational setting in absence of physical social interactions with teachers and peers. As the sense of community has demonstrated to improve student persistence in courses, emergency remote learning could impact engagement of students in online learning. Here, we examined three dimensions of sense of community (i.e., Membership, Fulfilment of needs and goals achievement and Mutual influence of the individuals) in Synchronous, Asynchronous and Lab classes and analyzed the concurrent contribute of cognitive and motivational characteristics of students involved. We found higher scores of Fulfilment of needs and goals achievement in students attending a Synchronous class, and higher Mutual influence of the individuals scores in students attending the Lab class. Moreover, results revealed a significant role of group membership, intrinsic motivation, and problem-solving self-efficacy in explaining the sense of community dimensions across groups. In conclusion, our results outlined the importance of considering both motivational and self-regulation variables in different kind of university online class in fostering the sense of community, that is well-known to promote students’ persistence and engagement.
description: Psychology Hub, Vol. 39 No. 2 (2022)
Subjects 3 and 4 Pseudo Fat Mapped Finite Element Model Files
Creators: name: McCrady, Allison
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 460207
subject: Modelling and simulation
classificationCode: 420701
subject: Biomechanics

description: Subjects 3 and 4 pseudo mapped finite element files for FEBio. Maps include Anterior/Posterior, Medial/Lateral, Proximal, Middle, Distal, and Proximal Distal. Fat percentage in the region ranges from 10-100% in increments of 10%.
Machine learning tools for image analysis at the USR Advanced Light Microscopy Core.
Creators: name: Bronstein, Hannah S.
name: Kelly, Felice D.
name: Jenkins, Brian
name: Petrie, Stefanie K.
Publisher: name: Oregon Health and Science University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Machine Learning
subject: Imaging
subject: Microscopy Image Analysis
subject: Image Analysis Tools
subject: Machine learning based segmentation

description: Recent analysis advances include user-friendly AI that can simplify or automate many previously manual image analysis tasks. Here we will discuss new tools for 2D and 3D data analysis in the ALMC and demonstrate how they make image analysis more accurate and efficient for OHSU researchers. Intellesis machine learning performs challenging 2D segmentation of fluorescence and brightfield data. This segmentation forms the foundation of many downstream analyses, such as counting objects or assessing fluorescence intensity within specific structures. Intensity-based segmentation struggles with images that have high background or high signal variability. Intellesis machine learning can be trained to identify objects by iterative user-guided pixel painting on a few images. This supervised learning trains the neural net to discriminate between background and object based on a large set of parameters, not just local pixel intensity. We will present examples of machine learning segmentation on fluorescence images, colorimetric staining, and transmitted light images from users at the ALMC. For complex 3D data, machine learning segmentation of fluorescence and transmitted light data is now integrated with the 3D image analysis software Imaris. It can perform difficult segmentation jobs not previously possible with traditional threshold-based segmentation, such as 3D segmentation of transmitted light and MRI data, and boundary definition around areas of low/no signal. Once segmented, objects can be further classified into phenotypes using machine learning classification. 3D relevant data can be measured such as volume, sphericity, intensity, longest principal axis, and more. Machine learning classification has also been added to Imaris’ popular filament tracing module, improving the speed and accuracy of tracing. The ALMC is constantly updating instrumentation and analysis tools. These new tools will add efficiency and ease to analysis workflows for OHSU researchers.
Juraj Tranovský - der prägende Dichter der Reformation im slawischen Sprachraum
Creators: name: Klátik, Miloš
Publisher: name: Lutherische Kirche in der Welt
Year: 1970

description: Lutherische Kirche in der Welt, Bd. 68 (2021): Lutherische Kirche in der Welt, Band 68
“Gotham and darkness, like Batman”: Undergraduates’ Racialized Perceptions of Crime and Safety at the University of Chicago
Creators: name: Sindhwani, Anil
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: race and racism
subject: University of Chicago students
subject: public safety
subject: Hyde Park
subject: Woodlawn
subject: Kenwood

description: Discrimination persists throughout in-person American discourse, regardless of various attempts to alleviate racism. Considering students’ self-reported perceptions of crime and safety—racialized domains—in Chicago, I explore how students employ semantic moves to distance themselves from their intended statements. These semantic moves vary in quality and type, ranging from neutralizing language to euphemisms. Drawing from 20 interviews of undergraduates at the University of Chicago—a medium-sized, liberal university surrounded by poorer, Black neighborhoods—my results demonstrate that students’ semantic moves reflect the discourse of other students regarding racialized domains, like affirmative action. I contextualize my results by investigating the history of urban renewal in the US and Hyde Park. For the latter, I focus on the University’s role. I then interpret this using Salomon’s New Governance theory, Vargas’s work on “turf wars”, as well as Lipsky’s Street Level Bureaucracy, and conclude with recommendations to increase contact between undergraduates and Chicagoans to normalize surrounding neighborhoods.