cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The impact of modified incision height and surgical procedure on trichiasis surgery outcomes: Results of the maximizing trichiasis surgery success (MTSS) randomized trial
Creators: name: Admassu F
name: Bayissasse B
name: Kana H
name: Munoz B
name: Merbs S.L
name: Sullivan K.M
name: Keil A.P
name: Bankoski A
name: Seyum D
name: Weaver J
name: Gower E.W
name: Tadesse D
name: Sisay A
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2024

description: BACKGROUND: Poor surgical outcomes remain a problem in trachoma-endemic countries working to reach elimination thresholds. Methods to improve outcomes could positively impact programmatic success. METHODS: This parallel, three-armed clinical trial conducted in Ethiopia randomized individuals with previously unoperated trachomatous trichiasis (TT) to receive surgery utilizing one of three approaches: bilamellar tarsal rotation with a 3 mm incision height (BLTR-3), BLTR with 5 mm incision height (BLTR-5) and posterior lamellar tarsal rotation (PLTR). We followed participants for one year. The primary outcome was post-operative trichiasis (PTT). Secondary outcomes were eyelid contour abnormalities (ECA) and pyogenic granulomata. FINDINGS: We randomized and operated on 4,914 individuals with previously unoperated TT (6,940 eyes). Primary analyses include 6,815 eyes with follow-up. Overall, 1,149 (16.9%) eyes developed PTT. The risk difference for PTT was minimal comparing BLTR-3 and PLTR (adjusted risk difference [aRD] 1.8% (98.3%CI: -0.5-4.2%)), but significantly higher for BLTR-5 surgeries compared to BLTR-3 (aRD: 6.7% (3.9-9.4%)) and PLTR (aRD: 8.6% (5.9-11.3%)). BLTR-5 had the lowest ECA (6.1% versus 9.6% BLTR-3, 11.2% PLTR) and granuloma rates (5.2% versus 6.5% BLTR-3 and 7.5% PLTR). One eyelid operated with PLTR experienced an eyelid margin division; four BLTR-3 and eight BLTR-5 eyelids experienced excessive bleeding. INTERPRETATION: We do not recommend modifying the BLTR incision height of 3 mm. Overall, we did not find a significant difference in PTT between BLTR-3 and PLTR in terms of PTT or ECA. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Registration number: NCT03100747; ClinicalTrials.gov Full study protocol available at (https://doi.org/10.15139/S3/QHZXWD).
Cross cultural differences in locus of control, field dependence-independence and uncertainty orientation among Canadians and Chinese
Creators: name: Lau, Siu-Ling Bonita
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The present study is a cross cultural study comparing North Americans and Chinese on field dependence-independence, locus of control and uncertainty orientation. The relationships among these constructs and cultural based differences in those relationships were also explored. Chinese were speculated to be more field dependent, external locus of control and certainty-oriented than North Americans. This study was the first exploratory investigation of a suggested model, which provided a perspective of how field dependence-independence, locus of control, uncertainty orientation, moral judgement and learned helplessness interact. The study may also have some contribution to broadening our view on how Chinese express themselves on the three cognitive constructs mentioned above. A sample of 39 Hong Kong Chinese and 41 Canadian college students were selected according to their cultural backgrounds. The results partially supported cultural differences in locus of control and uncertainty orientation. A strong cultural difference was found on the two subscales of the locus of control instrument and the two component measures for uncertainty orientation. Cultural differences for field dependence-independence was not confirmed. Results concerning the interrelationships among these cognitive constructs suggested a moderate association between locus of control and uncertainty orientation for Canadian subjects, but not for Chinese subjects. No other significant correlations among these constructs was obtained in this study. Because of the methodological problems inherent in the instruments, it is difficult to interpret the obtained results unambiguously, especially for the Hong Kong group. Further empirical work should be done before any firm conclusion can be drawn form the current results. Some implications for future cross-cultural studies were also discussed.
The Clusters AgeS Experiment (CASE). II. The Eclipsing Blue Straggler OGLEGC-228 in the Globular Cluster 47 Tuc
Creators: name: Kaluzny, J.
name: Thompson, I. B.
name: Rucinski, S. M.
name: Pych, W.
name: Stachowski, G.
name: Krzeminski, W.
name: Burley, G. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use photometric and spectroscopic observations of the eclipsing binary OGLEGC-228 (V228) to derive the masses, radii, and luminosities of the component stars. Based on measured systemic velocity, proper motion and distance, the system is a blue straggler member of the globular cluster 47 Tuc. Our analysis shows that V228 is a semi-detached Algol. We obtain M=1.512 +/- 0.022 Msun, R=1.357 +/- 0.019 Rsun, L=7.02 +/- 0.050 Lsun for the hotter and more luminous primary component and M=0.200 +/- 0.007 Msun, R=1.238 +/- 0.013 Rsun, L=1.57 +/- 0.09 Lsun for the Roche lobe filling secondary.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures, AJ, in press
The limits of nudging: Results of a randomized trial of text messages to promote home-based caregiving and reduce perceptions of stigma for COVID-19 patients in Kenyan informal settlements
Creators: name: Tidwell J.B
name: Austrian K
name: Pinchoff J
name: Muluve E
name: Mbushi F
name: Abuya T
name: Mwanga D
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2024

description: During the early stages of the global COVID-19 pandemic, governments searched for effective means to rapidly disseminate information about how to prevent the disease and care for sick household members. In June 2020, the government of Kenya considered sending text messages, a behavioral nudging approach, to inform and persuade the public to practice home-based care for those who were infected. We conducted a randomized evaluation of simple informational messages compared to messages targeting personal and social benefits for those receiving the messages. We hypothesized that those that received messages tailored around social or personal benefit would be more likely to undertake the promoted behaviors of isolating if infected with COVID-19 and intending to care for an infected family member. While fear and perceptions of stigma were widespread, more than two-thirds of respondents in the control condition expressed an intention to care for an infected family member at home. Despite greater recall of the personal benefit message, which used reciprocity as its key behavioral lever, intentions to provide care at home and perceptions of stigma did not differ across study groups. Rather, capabilities such as wealth and having sufficient room at home were the key determinants. While text messages as behavioral nudges may be useful for some behaviors, policymakers should consider a broader range of tools for behaviors that are influenced by people’s capabilities, since even low-cost interventions may crowd out the time and energy needed for other responses during an emergency.
Therapeutic Needs of Older Adults with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): A Systematic Review
Creators: name: McInerney, Rachel
name: Davis, Suja P.
name: Fisher, Stephanie
name: Davis, Bethany Lynn
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Year: 2024

description: Background/Objective: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) diagnosis in the elderly falls under two categories: those diagnosed at a younger age and transitioning to the elderly group (>60 years) and those diagnosed at ≥60 years of age. Although it is difficult to calculate the incidence of IBD among elderly adults precisely, it is estimated that around 10–15% of IBD in the US are diagnosed after 60 years, and approximately 13% of IBD cases are diagnosed after the age of 65 globally. The objective of this systematic review is to assess the therapeutic needs of elderly adults with IBD, focusing on quality of life (QOL), symptom presentation, mental health management, IBD medication utilization patterns, surgical outcomes, and healthcare utilization to identify gaps in IBD management. Methods: We identified 42 published articles through a database search using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses from October 2023 to June 2024. We conducted the quality appraisal of the selected studies using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) critical appraisal tools. Results: Our findings indicate decreased health-related QOL, more colonic and less penetrating disease in elderly Crohn’s disease patients, and comparable symptoms between elderly and younger ulcerative colitis patients. Despite an increased trend in prescribing biologics, the elderly show decreased response rates and poor remission. Higher healthcare utilization is noted among elderly IBD patients, alongside insufficient attention to their mental health concerns. Conclusions: The findings from this systematic review offer a comprehensive synthesis of the management of elderly adults with IBD and highlight several unmet needs that warrant attention in future research and clinical practice considerations.
Toxicologic Pathology Forum*: mRNA Vaccine Safety–Separating Fact From Fiction
Creators: name: Dormitzer P.R
name: Sellers R.S
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications Inc.
Year: 2024

description: SARS-CoV-2 spread rapidly across the globe, contributing to the death of millions of individuals from 2019 to 2023, and has continued to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality after the pandemic. At the start of the pandemic, no vaccines or anti-viral treatments were available to reduce the burden of disease associated with this virus, as it was a novel SARS coronavirus. Because of the tremendous need, the development of vaccines to protect against COVID-19 was critically important. The flexibility and ease of manufacture of nucleic acid–based vaccines, specifically mRNA-based products, allowed the accelerated development of COVID-19 vaccines. Although mRNA-based vaccines and therapeutics had been in clinical trials for over a decade, there were no licensed mRNA vaccines on the market at the start of the pandemic. The rapid development of mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines reduced serious complications and death from the virus but also engendered significant public concerns, which continue now, years after emergency-use authorization and subsequent licensure of these vaccines. This article summarizes and addresses some of the safety concerns that continue to be expressed about these vaccines and their underlying technology.
Trends and disparities in alcohol-DWI license suspensions by suspension duration, North Carolina, 2007–2016
Creators: name: Golightly Y.M
name: Wang Y.C
name: Singichetti B
name: Naumann R.B
name: Marshall S.W
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2024

description: Purpose To examine trends and potential disparities in North Carolina (NC) driving while impaired by alcohol (alcohol-DWI) license suspensions from 2007–2016. Specific objectives included: 1) examining personal (e.g., race/ethnicity) and contextual (e.g., residential segregation) characteristics of alcohol-DWI license suspensions by suspension duration; and 2) examining trends in annual suspension rates by race/ethnicity, sex, and duration. Methods We linked NC administrative licensing and county-level survey data from several sources from 2007–2016. Suspensions were categorized by duration: 1 to <4 years and 4 years or longer (proxies for initial and repeat suspensions, respectively). We calculated counts, percentages, and suspensions rates (per 1,000 person-years) with 95% confidence intervals, examined trends in annual suspension rates by race/ethnicity, sex, and suspension duration. Results We identified 220,471 initial and 41,526 repeat license suspensions. Rates among males were three times that of females. 21-24-year-old (rates: 6.9 per 1,000 person-years for initial; 1.5 for repeat) and Black (4.1 for initial; 1.0 for repeat) individuals had the highest suspension rates. We observed decreases in annual initial and repeat suspension rates among males, but only in repeat suspensions for females during the study period. A substantial decrease in annual initial suspension rates was observed among Hispanic individuals relative to other racial/ethnic groups, while annual repeat suspension rates exhibited large decreases for most racial/ethnic groups. The highest overall suspension rates occurred in counties with higher proportions of the population without health insurance and with the highest levels of Black/White residential segregation. Conclusions Potential disparities by race/ethnicity and sex existed by alcohol-DWI license suspension duration (i.e., initial vs. repeat suspensions) in NC. Contextual characteristics associated with suspensions, including a high degree of residential segregation, may provide indications of underlying structures and mechanisms driving potential disparities in alcohol-DWI outcomes.
Five Long Island Blacksmiths, October 1950
Creators: name: Overton, Marion F.
name: Springs Historical Society/Library
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1950
Subjects: Springs
East Hampton
Blacksmithing
Blacksmiths
Forums

description: This article, "Five Long Island Blacksmiths" was written by Marion F. Overton for the Long Island Forum in October 1950.
description: This material was lent to the Long Island Collection by the Springs Historical Society Library for digitization purposes.
Critical Current 0-$π$ Transition in Designed Josephson Quantum Dot Junctions
Creators: name: Jørgensen, H. Ingerslev
name: Novotný, T.
name: Grove-Rasmussen, K.
name: Flensberg, K.
name: Lindelof, P. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on quantum dot based Josephson junctions designed specifically for measuring the supercurrent. From high-accuracy fitting of the current-voltage characteristics we determine the full magnitude of the supercurrent (critical current). Strong gate modulation of the critical current is observed through several consecutive Coulomb blockade oscillations. The critical current crosses zero close to, but not at, resonance due to the so-called 0-$π$ transition in agreement with a simple theoretical model.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, (Supplementary information available at http://www.fys.ku.dk/~hij/public/nl_supp.pdf)
title: Comparing three different valuation methods
Creators: name: Bondi, Alessandro
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: option valuation
subject: Esscher measure

description: Motivated by new financial markets where there is no canonical choice of a risk-neutral measure, we compared two different methods for pricing options: calibration with an entropic penalty term and valuation by the Esscher measure. The main aim of this paper is to contrast the outcomes of those two methods with real-traded call option prices in a liquid market like NASDAQ stock exchange, using data referring to the period 2019–2020. Although the Esscher measure method slightly underperforms the calibration method in terms of absolute values of the percentage difference between real and model prices, it could be the only feasible choice if there are not many liquidly traded derivatives in the market.
MOESM2 of NDP-MSH binding melanocortin-1 receptor ameliorates neuroinflammation and BBB disruption through CREB/Nr4a1/NF-ÎşB pathway after intracerebral hemorrhage in mice
Creators: name: Wu, Xuan
name: Fu, Siming
name: Liu, Yun
name: Luo, Hansheng
name: Li, Feng
name: Wang, Yiying
name: Gao, Meng
name: Cheng, Yuan
name: Xie, Zongyi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. The t statistic and degrees of freedom of results.
Terahertz spectroscopy of electromagnons in Eu_{1-x}Y_xMnO_3
Creators: name: Pimenov, A.
name: Loidl, A.
name: Mukhin, A. A.
name: Travkin, V. D.
name: Ivanov, V. Yu.
name: Balbashov, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dielectric permittivity spectra of yttrium-doped EuMnO$_3$ in the composition range 0 =< x =< 0.5 have been investigated in the terahertz frequency range. Magnetoelectric contributions to the permittivity were observed in all compositions for ac electric fields parallel to the crystallographic a-axis. Well defined electromagnons exist for x >= 0.2 close to ν~ 20 cm^{-1} and with dielectric strength strongly increasing on doping. In addition to electromagnons, a broad contribution of magnetoelectric origin is observed for all compositions. For Eu_{0.8}Y_{0.2}MnO_3 the electromagnons can be suppressed by external magnetic fields which induce a canted antiferromagnetic phase. Magnetoelectric effects in the different doping regimes are discussed in detail.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures included
title: Πειραματική διερεύνηση της επίδρασης των συνθηκών χάραξης με Laser, στη γεωμετρία της παραγόμενης διαμόρφωσης
title: Experimental investigation of the effect of laser engraving conditions on the geometry of the produced configuration (kerf)
Creators: name: Ασενοβα Μεγκαν
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2021

description: Στην κατεργασία ακρίβειας, χάραξη με δέσμη laser ορθογώνιων κοιλοτήτων, με κατακόρυφα τοιχώματα δηλαδή, έχει παρατηρηθεί ότι τα τοιχώματα της τελικής χαραγμένης κοιλότητας δεν είναι στην πράξη κάθετα με την επιφάνεια χάραξης. Δηλαδή, τα τοιχώματα δεν είναι κατακόρυφα όπως θα έπρεπε ιδανικά να είναι, αλλά δείχνουν μια σημαντική κλίση προς το εσωτερικό της χαραγμένης κοιλότητας. Αυτό το φαινόμενο αναφέρεται στην θεωρία ως σχηματισμός «kerf» και η γωνία που σχηματίζεται από τα πλευρικά τοιχώματα με τον κατακόρυφο άξονα ονομάζεται «kerf taper angle». Οι ερευνητικές εργασίες για τη μελέτη σχηματισμού του kerf, ειδικά για την κατεργασία χάραξης με δέσμη laser, είναι πολύ λίγες και υστερούν σε έμπρακτη θεωρία. Έτσι, η εργασία αυτή περιλαμβάνει το σχεδιασμό και την εκτέλεση πειραμάτων σε δοκίμιο ανοξείδωτου χάλυβα, στην εργαλειομηχανή χάραξης DMG Lasertec 40. Στόχος είναι ο καθορισμός βέλτιστων συνθηκών στην κατεργασία της χάραξης για την αποφυγή διαμόρφωσης χείλους (kerf).
description: In precision machining, laser engraving of rectangular cavities, with vertical walls, it has been observed that the walls of the final engraved cavity are not in practice vertical. That is, the walls are not as vertical as they should ideally be, but show a significant slope towards the inside of the engraved cavity. This phenomenon is referred to in the literature as kerf formation and the angle formed by the side walls with the vertical axis is called kerf taper angle. The research works on the study of kerf formation, specifically for laser engraving, is very few and lags behind in practical theory. Thus, this dissertation includes the design and execution of experiments on a stainless-steel workpiece, on the DMG Lasertec 40, Laser Engraving Machine. Its aim is the determination of optimal conditions to avoid kerf taper angle formation.
Coupling of phonons and spin waves in triangular antiferromagnet
Creators: name: Kim, Jung Hoon
name: Han, Jung Hoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the influence of the spin-phonon coupling in the triangular antiferromagnet where the coupling is of the exchange-striction type. The magnon dispersion is shown to be modified significantly at wave vector (2pi,0) and its symmetry-related points, exhibiting a roton-like minimum and an eventual instability in the dispersion. Various correlation functions such as equal-time phonon correlation, spin-spin correlation, and local magnetization are calculated in the presence of the coupling.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures; references added, minor text revisions, submitted to PRB
Evaluation of the genotoxic activity in water of the La Estanzuela dam, Mexico
Creators: name: Ascencio-Gorozpe, Diana Patricia
name: Coronel Olivares, Claudia
name: Arellano-Aguilar, Omar
name: Rodríguez-Arnaiz, Rosario
name: Castañeda-Sortibrán, América Nitxin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: La presa la Estanzuela (Pachuca de Soto, Hidalgo) es un importante cuerpo de agua perteneciente a la cuenca del Río Actopan que recibe grandes cantidades de descargas industriales y agroquímicas. El agua de esta presa es tratada en una planta potabilizadora para poder proveer de agua de consumo a los habitantes de los municipios de Mineral del Chico y Pachuca. En este trabajo se usó el bioensayo de manchas en alas de Drosophila melanogaster para determinar la genotoxicidad de muestras de agua superficial y profunda. Se realizaron tres muestreos de agua: abril, junio y octubre 2017-2018, que se probaron al 50 y al 100%. En el ensayo en alas de Drosophila melanogaster se empleó la cruza estándar (ST) y la de alta bioactivación (HB). Se demostró que el ensayo en alas de Drosophila es un buen sistema para monitorear la toxicidad potencial de las muestras de agua debido a descargas antropogénicas.
TRINITY: a three-dimensional time-dependent radiative transfer code for in-vivo near-infrared imaging
Creators: name: Yajima, Hidenobu
name: Abe, Makito
name: Umemura, Masayuki
name: Takamizu, Yuichi
name: Hoshi, Yoko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a new three-dimensional time-dependent radiative transfer code, TRINITY (Time-dependent Radiative transfer In Near-Infrared TomographY), for in-vivo diffuse optical tomography (DOT). The simulation code is based on the design of long radiation rays connecting boundaries of a computational domain, which allows us to calculate light propagation with little numerical diffusion. We parallelize the code with Message Passing Interface (MPI) using the domain decomposition technique and confirm the high parallelization efficiency, so that simulations with a spatial resolution of $\sim 1$ millimeter can be performed in practical time. As a first application, we study the light propagation for a pulse collimated within $θ\sim 15^\circ$ in a phantom, which is a uniform medium made of polyurethane mimicking biological tissue. We show that the pulse spreads in all forward directions over $\sim$ a few millimeters due to the multiple scattering process of photons. Our simulations successfully reproduce the time-resolved signals measured with eight detectors for the phantom. We also introduce the effects of reflection and refraction at the boundary of medium with a different refractive index and demonstrate the faster propagation of photons in an air hole that is an analogue for the respiratory tract.
description: 34 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer
Extraction Of Delta g/g From Hermes Data On Inclusive Charged Hadrons
Creators: name: Liebing, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hermes has measured longitudinal double spin asymmetries as a function of transverse momentum pT using charged inclusive hadrons from electroproduction off a deuterium target. At pT>1 GeV, the asymmetries are sensitive to the spin dependent gluon distribution Delta g. To extract the gluon polarization Delta g/g, information on the background asymmetry and the subprocess kinematics has been obtained from a Leading Order Monte Carlo model. Values for Delta g/g have been calculated both as a function of the measured pT and x, using two different methods, in the region pT>1.05 GeV.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, Proceedings of Spin 2006, Kyoto, Japan, 2-7 Oct. 2006
Three dimensional elastic beam frames: rigid joint conditions in variational and differential formulation
Creators: name: Berkolaiko, Gregory
name: Ettehad, Mahmood
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 34B45, 35J50

description: We consider three-dimensional elastic frames constructed out of Euler--Bernoulli beams and describe a simple process of generating joint conditions out of the geometric description of the frame. The corresponding differential operator is shown to be self-adjoint. In the special case of planar frames, the operator decomposes into a direct sum of two operators, one coupling out-of-plane displacement to angular (torsional) displacement and the other coupling in-plane displacement with axial displacement (compression). Detailed analysis of two examples is presented. We actively exploit the symmetry present in the examples and decompose the operator by restricting it onto reducing subspaces corresponding to irreducible representations of the symmetry group. These ``quotient'' operators are shown to capture particular oscillation modes of the frame.
description: 33 pages
Interplay between magnetic properties and thermoelectricity in misfit and Na cobaltates
Creators: name: Bobroff, J.
name: Hebert, S.
name: Lang, G.
name: Mendels, P.
name: Pelloquin, D.
name: Maignan, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comparative study of CoO2 layers in the Bi-misfit and NaxCoO2 cobaltates. Co NMR measures the intrinsic susceptibility of the Co layers and is not affected by spurious contributions. At low dopings where room-temperature thermopower (TEP) is large, Curie-Weiss susceptibilities are observed in both materials. But NMR and muSR experiments find neither charge nor spin order down to low temperatures in Bi-misfit, in contrast to the case of NaxCoO2. This demonstrates that metallicity, charge and magnetic orders are specific of the Na layers in NaxCoO2 whereas strong correlations are generic of the cobaltates physics and could explain the large TEP.
description: 4 pages
A note on the positive mass theorem with boundary
Creators: name: Galloway, Gregory J.
name: Lee, Dan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 83C57 (Primary) 53C21 (Secondary)

description: In this short note we explain how one can use established results to prove various versions of the positive mass theorem for initial data sets with boundary, in dimensions less than 8.
description: 10 pages, Remark 6 from v2 (which is the published version) was incorrect
Particle production mechanisms from RHIC to LHC
Creators: name: Bellwied, Rene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I will review RHIC data with respect to the intriguing possibility that the hadron production mechanism in the produced partonic medium might be different than in vacuum. I will use the measurements of collective features, such as flow and quenching of identified particles, to show that different regions of the particle momentum spectrum are likely populated through different mechanisms, and that the medium seems to play an important role in hadronization. Finally I will address the question whether the different initial conditions achievable in heavy ion collisions at LHC energies, compared to RHIC, might affect the properties of the deconfined quark-gluon phase and its hadronization to baryonic matter.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures. Proceedings for the 23rd Winter Workshop on Nuclear Dynamics, Big Sky (Montana), USA, 11-18 February 2007
Weierstrass sets on finite graphs
Creators: name: Borzì, Alessio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14T15, 14H55, 05C99, 20M14

description: We study two possible tropical analogues of Weierstrass semigroups on graphs, called rank and functional Weierstrass sets. We prove that on simple graphs, the first is contained in the second. We completely characterize the subsets of N arising as a functional Weierstrass set of some graph. Finally, we give a sufficient condition for a subset of N to be the rank Weierstrass set of some graph, allowing us to construct examples of rank Weierstrass sets that are not semigroups.
Een Raamwerk valorisatie-indicatoren
Creators: name: VSNU
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: valorisatie
indicatoren
hoofdlijnenakkoord

description: In het hoofdlijnenakkoord dat de VSNU in december 2012 met Staatssecretaris Zijlstra heeft gesloten is de afspraak gemaakt dat universiteiten indicatoren zullen ontwikkelen die op termijn kunnen worden gebruik om inspanning en resultaten op het gebied van valorisatie beter meetbaar c.q. zichtbaar te maken. “Inzet is dat er in 2015 een gedragen set indicatoren ontwikkeld en getest is, waarmee de resultaten van de valorisatie-inspanningen in verschillende wetenschapsdomeinen kunnen worden gemeten en beschreven”, aldus het HLA. Dit raamwerk beschrijft het kader en proces waarmee de Nederlandse universiteiten deze set van indicatoren willen ontwikkelen. Uitgangspunt daarbij is dat de universiteiten in VSNU-verband hiervoor zelf de verantwoordelijkheid nemen en hier de komende jaren in een open en experimenteel ontwikkelproces vorm aan geven. De valorisatie-indicatoren bevinden zich daarmee per definitie de komende jaren in een proces van continue ontwikkeling en vernieuwing. Op de VSNU website zullen we u dan ook de komende jaren op de hoogte houden. Informatie over dit onderwerp kunt u terugvinden via de shortlink www.vsnu.nl/valorisatie.
Auralia.Space
Creators: name: Radosavljević, Duška
name: Pitrolo, Flora
name: Bano, Tim
name: Cardona, Juan Felipe Salazar
name: Cabur, Beatriz
Publisher: name: The Royal Central School of Speech and Drama
Year: 2021
Subjects: Dramaturgy - Theatre-Making

description: A web-based collection of downloadable audio-visual and printable transcript materials documenting the research in the area of aural/oral dramaturgies.
Energy spectra stemming from interactions of Alfven waves and turbulent eddies
Creators: name: Mininni, P. D.
name: Pouquet, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a numerical analysis of an incompressible decaying magnetohydrodynamic turbulence run on a grid of 1536^3 points. The Taylor Reynolds number at the maximum of dissipation is ~1100, and the initial condition is a superposition of large scale ABC flows and random noise at small scales, with no uniform magnetic field. The initial kinetic and magnetic energies are equal, with negligible correlation. The resulting energy spectrum is a combination of two components, each moderately resolved. Isotropy obtains in the large scales, with a spectral law compatible with the Iroshnikov-Kraichnan theory stemming from the weakening of nonlinear interactions due to Alfven waves; scaling of structure functions confirms the non-Kolmogorovian nature of the flow in this range. At small scales, weak turbulence emerges with a k_{\perp}^{-2} spectrum, the perpendicular direction referring to the local quasi-uniform magnetic field.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Scintillator Tile Hadron Calorimeter with Novel SiPM Readout
Creators: name: Danilov, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The CALICE collaboration is presently constructing a test hadron calorimeter (HCAL) with 7620 scintillator tiles read out by novel photo-detectors - Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs). This prototype is the first device which uses SiPMs on a large scale. We present the design of the HCAL and report on measured properties of more than 10 thousand SiPMs. We discuss the SiPM efficiency, gain, cross-talk, and noise rate dependence on bias voltage and temperature, including the spread in these parameters. We analyze the reasons for SiPM rejection and present the results of the long term stability studies. The first measurements of the SiPM radiation hardness are presented. We compare properties of SiPM with the properties of similar devices, MRS APD and MPPC. A possibility to make the tiles thinner and to read them out without WLS fibers has been studied.
description: Prepared for the Vienna Conference on Instrumentation 2007. 4 pages, 6 figures
Critical Line in Random Threshold Networks with Inhomogeneous Thresholds
Creators: name: Rohlf, Thimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We calculate analytically the critical connectivity $K_c$ of Random Threshold Networks (RTN) for homogeneous and inhomogeneous thresholds, and confirm the results by numerical simulations. We find a super-linear increase of $K_c$ with the (average) absolute threshold $|h|$, which approaches $K_c(|h|) \sim h^2/(2\ln{|h|})$ for large $|h|$, and show that this asymptotic scaling is universal for RTN with Poissonian distributed connectivity and threshold distributions with a variance that grows slower than $h^2$. Interestingly, we find that inhomogeneous distribution of thresholds leads to increased propagation of perturbations for sparsely connected networks, while for densely connected networks damage is reduced; the cross-over point yields a novel, characteristic connectivity $K_d$, that has no counterpart in Boolean networks. Last, local correlations between node thresholds and in-degree are introduced. Here, numerical simulations show that even weak (anti-)correlations can lead to a transition from ordered to chaotic dynamics, and vice versa. It is shown that the naive mean-field assumption typical for the annealed approximation leads to false predictions in this case, since correlations between thresholds and out-degree that emerge as a side-effect strongly modify damage propagation behavior.
description: 18 figures, 17 pages revtex
Comparing Robustness of Pairwise and Multiclass Neural-Network Systems for Face Recognition
Creators: name: Uglov, J.
name: Schetinin, V.
name: Maple, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Noise, corruptions and variations in face images can seriously hurt the performance of face recognition systems. To make such systems robust, multiclass neuralnetwork classifiers capable of learning from noisy data have been suggested. However on large face data sets such systems cannot provide the robustness at a high level. In this paper we explore a pairwise neural-network system as an alternative approach to improving the robustness of face recognition. In our experiments this approach is shown to outperform the multiclass neural-network system in terms of the predictive accuracy on the face images corrupted by noise.
Nice group structure on the elementary orbit space of unimodular rows
Creators: name: Keshari, Manoj K.
name: Sharma, Sampat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: (1) If $R$ is an affine algebra of dimension $d\geq 4$ over $\overline{\mathbb{F}}_{p}$ with $p>3$, then the group structure on ${\rm Um}_d(R)/{\rm E}_d(R)$ is nice. (2) If $R$ is a commutative noetherian ring of dimension $d\geq 2$ such that ${\rm E}_{d+1}(R)$ acts transitively on ${\rm Um}_{d+1}(R),$ then the group structure on ${\rm Um}_{d+1}(R[X])/{\rm E}_{d+1}(R[X])$ is nice.
description: 10 pages
Role of magnetism and electron-lattice interactions in STM spectra of cuprates
Creators: name: Hwang, J.
name: Timusk, T.
name: Carbotte, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of bosonic modes that couple to the charge carriers is a key element in understanding superconductivity. Lee et al. have used atomic-resolution scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STM) in an attempt to extract the spectrum of of these modes in the high temperature superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+d and they found a mode whose frequency did not depend on doping but changed on 16O to 18O isotopic substitution leading them to suggest a role for lattice modes (phonons). A careful examination of their published data reveals a weaker but distinct feature that has all the characteristics of the magnetic excitation identified as the bosonic mode in other competing experiments. We suggest the lattice mode seen by Lee et al. is not relevant to superconductivity and is due to inelastic tunneling through the insulating oxide layer.
The woman in the works of Ingeborg Bachmann
Creators: name: Redwitz, Eckenbert Von
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: The female characters play a dominant part in Ingeborg Bachmann's prose writings. This study attempts first to determine the existence of a coherent image of the female in Bachmann's narrative prose and then to analyze it. In contrast with much of contemporary literature, Bachmann's females show so many "traditional' contours of behaviour and mentality that the question of a conventional sex-specific image arises with the attendant question as to its purpose. An analysis of these characteristics reveals that Bachmann's image of the woman deserves the appellation "sex-specific" but that these "traditional" characteristics are infused with new values: the values of individualism, of a specifically female identity and of a new and particularly intense personal freedom. Thus emotionalism, irrationality and vanity are components of a new form of personal development and expression that is less restricting and more self—oriented than the " traditional" image which many critics have assumed they represent. This interpretation provides the key to the solution of a second critical problem in Bachmann's fiction: the female-male antithesis. This antithesis often assumes violent dimensions such as in the theme of the "sick male" or the "victimized" female. Bachmann depicts the "female" characteristics in marked contrast to those of the male and lends them moral significance in an antithetical world of male versus female, whereby the female and her values are assigned a morally higher position. Here the emotionalism, irrationality and non-utilitarian thinking of the female stand in contrast and are deemed superior to the calculated behaviour, rational thought and efficiency of the male. The image of the male is extended to represent the technological, rational and inhumane aspect of modern society. Thus, Bachmann's image at times transcends the male-female issues and points to problems of a universal nature: the reaction of the individual against ever increasing strictures laid down by administrative, economic and social structures of modern industrialized societies. Finally, the theme of personal freedom underlies all the personal conflicts, motivations and aspirations of Bachmann's heroines. It finds expression in the most extreme form of longing for a state of being entirely lacking in any form of limitation whatsoever: the Grenzubertritt. The failure of Bachmann's females in marriage and family life, their unsatisfactory relationships with the opposite sex, are all seen to have their roots in the incompatibility of social commitment with this urge for personal freedom. Bachmann does not solve the dilemma but tried instead to give poetic form to these goals and values and to sustain the hope for the ultimate attainment of the Grenzubertritt.
Cancelling Quadratic Divergences Without Supersymmetry
Creators: name: van Kessel, M. T. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a theory which has the same particle content as softly broken minimal supersymmetric QED (MSQED) and is free of quadratic divergences up to two loops. Also this theory is completely gauge invariant. It appears that MSQED is not at all the only theory without these quadratic divergences. This proves that there exist non supersymmetric theories in which there are no quadratic divergences up to two loops.
description: 19 pages
Treffen der Moderatoren der MRE-Netzwerke am RKI: Verbreitung, Krankheitslast, Therapie-optionen und Prävention von Infektionen mit Vancomycin-resistenten Enterokokken
Creators: name: Brunke, Melanie
name: Werner, Guido
name: Arvand, Mardjan
name: Mielke, Martin
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: VRE
subject: Prävention
subject: Antibiotikaresistenz
subject: KRINKO
subject: MRE-Netzwerk
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Die Zunahme der Nachweise von VRE aus klinischen Materialien sowie die Kolonisation des Darmes bei Patienten, die in Krankenhäusern behandelt werden, stellen betroffene Einrichtungen vor medizinische, therapeutische und hygienische Herausforderungen. Im Epidemiologischen Bulletin 27/2019 werden vorliegende Daten zur Verbreitung von VRE, zu Therapieoptionen bei VRE-Infektionen und zu der durch sie verursachten Krankheitslast vorgestellt. Zur Eindämmung der VRE-Problematik hat die KRINKO mit der aktuellen VRE-Empfehlung „Hygienemaßnahmen zur Prävention der Infektion durch Enterokokken mit speziellen Antibiotikaresistenzen“ ein Dokument vorgelegt, welches eine Anpassung an die jeweilige regionale Situation ermöglicht. Die Schaffung der personellen Voraussetzungen mit Hygienefachpersonal vor Ort einschließlich der erforderlichen Kommunikation zwischen Klinikern, Infektiologen, Hygienikern und Mikrobiologen bildet die Grundlage für die erfolgreiche Umsetzung.
Shape-invariant quantum Hamiltonian with position-dependent effective mass through second order supersymmetry
Creators: name: Ganguly, A.
name: Nieto, L. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Second order supersymmetric approach is taken to the system describing motion of a quantum particle in a potential endowed with position-dependent effective mass. It is shown that the intertwining relations between second order partner Hamiltonians may be exploited to obtain a simple shape-invariant condition. Indeed a novel relation between potential and mass functions is derived, which leads to a class of exactly solvable model. As an illustration of our procedure, two examples are given for which one obtains whole spectra algebraically. Both shape-invariant potentials exhibit harmonic-oscillator-like or singular-oscillator-like spectra depending on the values of the shape-invariant parameter.
description: 16 pages, 5 figs; Present e-mail of AG: gangulyasish@rediffmail.com
Agroforestry with standard fruit trees in Switzerland - Systemy rolno-leśne z drzewami owocowymi w Szwajcarii
Creators: name: Jager, M.
name: Herzog, F.
name: Borek, R.
name: Wojdat, A.
name: Jędrejek, A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: intecropping
fruit trees
crop management
biodiversity
uprawa współrzędna
drzewa owocowe
zarządzanie uprawą
bioróżnorodność

description: Jest wiele powodów, dla których rolnicy w Szwajcarii w ostatnich latach coraz częściej łączą drzewa owocowe z roślinami uprawnymi. Ograniczenie erozji gleby, przechwytywanie azotanów wypłukiwanych ze stosowanych nawozów
mineralnych, akumulacja węgla w glebie oraz poprawa bioróżnorodności.
Dzięki dobrze zaplanowanym uprawom współrzędnym, rolnicy czerpią korzyści ze zwiększonej produktywności upraw z jednostki powierzchni gruntu oraz z dywersyfikacji uzyskanych produktów. Oprócz roślin uprawnych, uzyskują również
dochody ze sprzedaży produktów wysokiej jakości z owoców. Rolnicy otrzymują również płatności bezpośrednie za świadczenia ekosystemowe. Szwajcarska polityka rolna, niezależna od wspólnej polityki rolnej UE, promuje sadzenie drzew owocowych na gruntach rolnych. Dopłaty tego rodzaju są wypłacane niezależnie od tego, czy są one sadzone w sposób tradycyjny na użytkach zielonych, pastwiskach czy też pomiędzy uprawami.
Yield and climate change adaptation using alley cropping - Adaptacja rolnictwa do zmian klimatu z wykorzystaniem upraw alejowych
Creators: name: Mirck, J.
name: Borek, R.
name: Wojdat, A.
name: Jędrejek, A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: alley cropping
Short Rotation Coppice
crops yields
crop management
system alejowy
drzewa krótkiej rotacji
plony
zarządzanie uprawą

description: Scenariusze zmian klimatycznych przewidują w sezonie wegetacyjnym rzadsze, ale bardziej intensywne opady deszczu. Wiosenne i letnie susze powodują spadek plonów. Straty wody w uprawach są warunkowane przez promieniowanie słoneczne, temperaturę i wilgotność powietrza oraz prędkość wiatru.
Alejowy system uprawy może zmodyfkować mikroklimat roślin poprzez zmniejszenie prędkości wiatru i ograniczenie negatywnego wpływu ekstremalnych temperatur. Zmniejszona prędkość wiatru zwiększa poziom wilgotności powietrza w
warstwie łanu roślin, spowalniając w ten sposób utratę wody przez parowanie.
Wiele upraw chronionych żywopłotami lub pasami plantacji drzew krótkiej rotacji wykazuje zwiększoną efektywność fotosyntezy i wykorzystania wody.
Two-step nucleation of the Earth's inner core
Creators: name: Sun, Yang
name: Zhang, Feng
name: Mendelev, Mikhail I.
name: Wentzcovitch, Renata M.
name: Ho, Kai-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has long been assumed the Earth's solid inner core started to grow when molten iron cooled to its melting point. However, the nucleation mechanism, which is a necessary step of crystallization, has not been well understood. Recent studies found it requires an unrealistic degree of undercooling to nucleate the stable hexagonal close-packed (hcp) phase of iron, which can never be reached under the actual Earth's core conditions. This contradiction leads to the inner core nucleation paradox [1]. Here, using a persistent-embryo method and molecular dynamics simulations, we demonstrate that the metastable body-centered cubic (bcc) phase of iron has a much higher nucleation rate than the hcp phase under inner-core conditions. Thus, the bcc nucleation is likely to be the first step of inner core formation instead of direct nucleation of the hcp phase. This mechanism reduces the required undercooling of iron nucleation, which provides a key factor to solve the inner-core nucleation paradox. The two-step nucleation scenario of the inner core also opens a new avenue for understanding the structure and anisotropy of the present inner core.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures. Supplementary information uploaded with the source files