cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Trends and Composition—A Sedimentological-Chemical-Mineralogical Approach to Constrain the Origin of Quaternary Deposits and Landforms—From a Review to a Manual
Creators: name: Dill, Harald G.
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Climate
subject: Extractive and environmental geology (“E & E issue”)
subject: Quaternary unconsolidated sediments
subject: Sedimentological-mineralogical-chemical approach
subject: Textural-compositional-geodynamic maturity
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: In this study, six basic Quaternary landform series (LFS) and their sedimentary deposits (LFS1 aeolian, LFS 2.1 to 2.2 mass wasting, LFS 3 cryogenic-glacial, LFS 4.1 to 4.6 fluvial, LFS 5.1 to 5.2 coastal-marine, LFS 6.1 to 6.3 lacustrine) are subdivided into subtypes and examined with regard to their sedimentological parameters and their mineralogical and chemical compositions. Emphasis is placed on the textural (related to transport and deposition), compositional (sediment load/weight, Eh and pH) and geodynamic maturity of the sedimentary deposits which are influenced by the parent lithology and bedrock tectonic and by the climate during the last 2 Ma. To constrain the development of the LFS and their sediments, composite trend-line diagrams are designed combining sedimentological (x-axis) and chemical/mineralogical dataset (y-axis): (1) sorting vs. heavy mineral content; (2) sphericity of grains vs. silica/carbonate contents; and (3) median vs. Ti/Fe ratios. In addition, the x-y plots showing the log SiO2/Al2O3 vs. log Na2O/K2O are amended by a dataset of the three most common clay minerals, i.e., kaolinite-, mica-, and smectite-group clay minerals. Such joint sedimentological-chemical-mineralogical investigations focused on the depositional environment of unconsolidated clastic sediments of Quaternary age can be used to describe the economic geology and environmental geology of mineral deposits in the pre-Quaternary sedimentary series according to the phrase: “The Present is the key to the Past”. Both trend diagrams and compositional x-y plots can contribute to constraining the development of the full transect of landform series from the fluvial incision and slope retreat to reef islands fringing the coastal zone towards the open sea as far as they are built up of clastic sedimentary deposits enriched in siliceous and/or carbonate minerals. Climate zonation and crustal maturity are the exogenous and endogenous “drivers”, as can be deduced from the compositional (mineralogy and chemistry) and physical (transport and deposition) variations observed in the Quaternary sediments. The current study bridges the gap between a review only based on literature and a hybrid manual generated by practical field studies devoted to applied geosciences in economic and environmental geology (“E & E issue”). © 2022 by the author. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Body mass vs humeral circumferences from Osteohistology reveals the smallest adult Jurassic sauropodomorph
Creators: name: Chapelle, Kimberley E. J.
name: Botha, Jennifer
name: Choiniere, Jonah N.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Table of sauropodomorph measurements and regression used to predict body masses using humeral circumferences
Comparative size justifications from Osteohistology reveals the smallest adult Jurassic sauropodomorph
Creators: name: Chapelle, Kimberley E. J.
name: Botha, Jennifer
name: Choiniere, Jonah N.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: The earliest sauropodomorphs were small omnivores (less than 10 kg) that first appeared in the Carnian. By the Hettangian, early branching sauropodomorphs (EBSMs) were globally distributed, had variable postures, and some attained large body masses (greater than 10 tonnes). Small-bodied EBSMs like Massospondylus carinatus (less than 550 kg) persist at least until the Pliensbachian at nearly all dinosaur-bearing localities worldwide but are comparatively low in alpha diversity. One potential reason for this is competition with other similarly sized contemporary amniotes, including Triassic gomphodont cynodonts, Jurassic early branching ornithischians, herbivorous theropods and potentially early crocodylomorphs. Today's herbivorous mammals show a range of body size classes (less than 10 g to 7 tonnes), with multiple species of small herbivorous mammal (less than 100 kg) frequently co-occurring. Comparatively, our understanding of the phylogenetic distribution of body mass in Early Jurassic strata, and its explanatory power for the lower thresholds of body mass in EBSMs, needs more data. We osteohistologically sectioned a small humerus, BP/1/4732, from the upper Elliot Formation of South Africa. Its comparative morphology and osteohistology show that it represents a skeletally mature individual of a new sauropodomorph taxon with a body mass of approx. 75.35 kg. This makes it one of the smallest known sauropodomorph taxa, and the smallest ever reported from a Jurassic stratum.
Solution of the Dicke model for N=3
Creators: name: Braak, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The N=3 Dicke model couples three qubits to a single radiation mode via dipole interaction and constitutes the simplest quantum-optical system allowing for Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states. In contrast to the case N=1 (the Rabi model), it is non-integrable if the counter-rotating terms are included. The spectrum is determined analytically, employing the singularity structure of an associated differential equation. While quasi-exact eigenstates known from the Rabi model do not exist, a novel type of spectral degeneracy becomes possible which is not associated with a symmetry of the system.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Sparse Representation-based Image Quality Assessment
Creators: name: Guha, Tanaya
name: Nezhadarya, Ehsan
name: Ward, Rabab K
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A successful approach to image quality assessment involves comparing the structural information between a distorted and its reference image. However, extracting structural information that is perceptually important to our visual system is a challenging task. This paper addresses this issue by employing a sparse representation-based approach and proposes a new metric called the \emph{sparse representation-based quality} (SPARQ) \emph{index}. The proposed method learns the inherent structures of the reference image as a set of basis vectors, such that any structure in the image can be represented by a linear combination of only a few of those basis vectors. This sparse strategy is employed because it is known to generate basis vectors that are qualitatively similar to the receptive field of the simple cells present in the mammalian primary visual cortex. The visual quality of the distorted image is estimated by comparing the structures of the reference and the distorted images in terms of the learnt basis vectors resembling cortical cells. Our approach is evaluated on six publicly available subject-rated image quality assessment datasets. The proposed SPARQ index consistently exhibits high correlation with the subjective ratings on all datasets and performs better or at par with the state-of-the-art.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables, submitted to a journal
Comparison of quantum and classical relaxation in spin dynamics
Creators: name: Wieser, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The classical Landau-Lifshitz equation with damping term has been derived from the time evolution of a quantum mechanical wave function under the assumption of a non-hermitian Hamilton operator. Further, the trajectory of a classical spin $\mathrm{S}$ has been compared with the expectation value of the spin operator $\mathrm{\hat{S}}$. A good agreement between classical and quantum mechanical trajectories can be found for Hamiltonians linear in $\mathrm{\hat{S}}$ respectively $\mathrm{S}$. Quadratic or higher order terms in the Hamiltonian result in a disagreement.
Arab Goat Husbandry, Breeding Practices and Marketing Systems in Western Lowland of Ethiopia
Creators: name: Zewdie, Befikadu
name: Urge, Mengistu
name: Tadesse, Yosef
name: Gizaw, Solomon
Publisher: name: East African Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
Year: 2020

description: This study was undertaken to assess the farming system, breeding practices, marketing and production constraints of Arab goats for developing alternative breeding strategies for genetic improvement and conservation in Kurmuk and Assosa districts, western Ethiopia. Data were collected through structured questionnaire interviews of 280 respondents. The mixed crop-livestock production system was the dominant farming system. Goats were kept as a primary source of cash income and capital saving. Breeding was uncontrolled and bucks were castrated late at the age of 2.07 years. The primary markets outlet in the study districts were local traders, wholesale, traders, and buying agents. Most of the goats produced in Assosa district were consumed in the local markets and the only outlet from the Kurmuk market was through the Ethio-Sudanese border. The supply of goats to Addis Ababa through the market chain was negligible because of long distances and poor infrastructure. The major goat production constraints were disease, feed, and water shortage. To meet the current growing demand of small ruminant meat markets, improving feed, feeding management, health, and marketing efficiency should be given priority in the improvement program of the breed. Moreover, constraint identified in the present study can be used as an input for setting up sustainable community-based breeding program (cooperative village-level breeding scheme) in the future.
description: East African Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Vol. 4 No. 1 (2020): East African Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
title: ОТДЕЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ДЕФИНИЦИИ – «ПРОЕКТ»
Creators: name: Орлов, Вячеслав
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2019

description: Автором рассматриваются вопросы становления определения – «проект», через аспект сущности и функциональности. Представляется, что на основе выявления терминологических свойств, содержательных и действующих особенностей можно рационализировать соответствующую дефиницию. Что позволит более точно, емко и в тоже время содержательно, наполнить надлежащим смыслом определение понятия – «проект».
title: ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ОДНОПАРТИЙНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ
Creators: name: Петров, Михаил
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2019

description: К середине 1920-х гг. административными, судебными, внесудебными, агитационно-пропагандистскими, специальными мерами в России были уничтожены некогда влиятельные партии. Функции вождя всех классов и групп социально неоднородного общества приняла на себя коммунистическая партия.
Coherent tunnelling across a quantum point contact in the quantum Hall regime
Creators: name: Martins, F.
name: Faniel, S.
name: Rosenow, B.
name: Sellier, H.
name: Huant, S.
name: Pala, M. G.
name: Desplanque, L.
name: Wallart, X.
name: Bayot, V.
name: Hackens, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 73.21.La, 73.23.Ad, 03.65.Yz, 85.35.Ds

description: The unique properties of quantum Hall devices arise from the ideal one-dimensional edge states that form in a two-dimensional electron system at high magnetic field. Tunnelling between edge states across a quantum point contact (QPC) has already revealed rich physics, like fractionally charged excitations, or chiral Luttinger liquid. Thanks to scanning gate microscopy, we show that a single QPC can turn into an interferometer for specific potential landscapes. Spectroscopy, magnetic field and temperature dependences of electron transport reveal a quantitatively consistent interferometric behavior of the studied QPC. To explain this unexpected behavior, we put forward a new model which relies on the presence of a quantum Hall island at the centre of the constriction as well as on different tunnelling paths surrounding the island, thereby creating a new type of interferometer. This work sets the ground for new device concepts based on coherent tunnelling.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures
Mean-Variance and Expected Utility: The Borch Paradox
Creators: name: Johnstone, David
name: Lindley, Dennis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The model of rational decision-making in most of economics and statistics is expected utility theory (EU) axiomatised by von Neumann and Morgenstern, Savage and others. This is less the case, however, in financial economics and mathematical finance, where investment decisions are commonly based on the methods of mean-variance (MV) introduced in the 1950s by Markowitz. Under the MV framework, each available investment opportunity ("asset") or portfolio is represented in just two dimensions by the ex ante mean and standard deviation $(μ,σ)$ of the financial return anticipated from that investment. Utility adherents consider that in general MV methods are logically incoherent. Most famously, Norwegian insurance theorist Borch presented a proof suggesting that two-dimensional MV indifference curves cannot represent the preferences of a rational investor (he claimed that MV indifference curves "do not exist"). This is known as Borch's paradox and gave rise to an important but generally little-known philosophical literature relating MV to EU. We examine the main early contributions to this literature, focussing on Borch's logic and the arguments by which it has been set aside.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/12-STS408 the Statistical Science (http://www.imstat.org/sts/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Extended comparative dataset from Osteohistology reveals the smallest adult Jurassic sauropodomorph
Creators: name: Chapelle, Kimberley E. J.
name: Botha, Jennifer
name: Choiniere, Jonah N.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Complete comparative dataset of early branching sauropodomorphs
Absolute Magnitude Calibration for Red Clump Stars
Creators: name: Karaali, S.
name: Bilir, S.
name: Gokce, E. Yaz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We combined the ($K_s$, $J-K_s$) data in Laney et al. (2012) with the $V$ apparent magnitudes and trigonometric parallaxes taken from the Hipparcos catalogue and used them to fit the $M_{K_s}$ absolute magnitude to a linear polynomial in terms of $V-K_s$ colour. The mean and standard deviation of the absolute magnitude residuals, -0.001 and 0.195 mag, respectively, estimated for 224 red clump stars in Laney et al. 2012 are (absolutely) smaller than the corresponding ones estimated by the procedure which adopts a mean $M_{K_s}=-1.613$ mag absolute magnitude for all red clump stars, -0.053 and 0.218 mag, respectively. The statistics estimated by applying the linear equation to the data of 282 red clump stars in Alves (2000) are larger, $ΔM_{K_s}=0.209$ and $σ=0.524$ mag, which can be explained by a different absolute magnitude trend, i.e. condensation along a horizontal distribution.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures and 3 tables, accepted for publication in Astrophysics and Space Science
Comparison of early branching sauropodomorph humeral morphology in anterior view. from Osteohistology reveals the smallest adult Jurassic sauropodomorph
Creators: name: Chapelle, Kimberley E. J.
name: Botha, Jennifer
name: Choiniere, Jonah N.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: A, right humerus of Mussaurus patagonicus (MLP 68-II-27-1, late mature), mirrored for comparison, modified from Otero and Pol 2013. B, left humerus of Massospondylus carinatus (BP/1/4934, late mature). C, left humerus of BP/1/4732 (late mature). D, left humerus of Adeopapposaurus mognai (PVSJ610, immature), modified from Martinez 2012. E, right humerus of Sarahsaurus aurifontanalis (TMM 43646, late mature), mirrored for comparison, modified from Marsh and Rowe 2018. F, right humerus of Coloradisaurus brevis (PVL 5904, near mature), mirrored for comparison, modified from Apaldetti et al. 2012. G, right humerus of Lessemsaurus sauropoides (PVL 4822 ⁄ 53, unknown ontogenetic stage), mirrored for comparison, modified from Pol and Powell 2007. H, left humerus of Kholumolumo ellenbergerorum (MNHN.F.LES379, unknown ontogenetic stage), modified from Peyre De Fabrègues and Allain 2020. I, right humerus of Antetonitrus ingenipes (BP/1/4952, immature), mirrored for comparison.
Mitigation of limit cycle oscillations in a turbulent thermoacoustic system via delayed acoustic self-feedback
Creators: name: Sahay, Ankit
name: Kushwaha, Abhishek
name: Pawar, Samadhan A.
name: R., Midhun P.
name: Dhadphale, Jayesh M.
name: Sujith, R. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the occurrence of amplitude death (AD) of limit cycle oscillations in a bluff body stabilized turbulent combustor through delayed acoustic self-feedback. Such feedback control is achieved by coupling the acoustic field of the combustor to itself through a single coupling tube attached near the anti-node position of the acoustic standing wave. We observe that the amplitude and dominant frequency of the limit cycle oscillations gradually decrease as the length of the coupling tube is increased. Complete suppression (AD) of these oscillations is observed when the length of the coupling tube is nearly 3/8 times the wavelength of the fundamental acoustic mode of the combustor. Meanwhile, as we approach this state of amplitude death, the dynamical behavior of acoustic pressure changes from the state of limit cycle oscillations to low-amplitude chaotic oscillations via intermittency. We also study the change in the nature of the coupling between the unsteady flame dynamics and the acoustic field as the length of the coupling tube is increased. We find that the temporal synchrony between these oscillations changes from the state of synchronized periodicity to desynchronized aperiodicity through intermittent synchronization. Furthermore, we reveal that the application of delayed acoustic self-feedback with optimum feedback parameters completely disrupts the positive feedback loop between hydrodynamic, acoustic, and heat release rate fluctuations present in the combustor during thermoacoustic instability, thus mitigating instability. We anticipate this method to be a viable and cost-effective option to mitigate thermoacoustic oscillations in turbulent combustion systems used in practical propulsion and power systems.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
title: Der Schlüssel zur Welt. Die Bedeutungsgeschichte der Wörter Jung und Alt
Creators: name: Riecke, Jörg
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2012

description: Die Bedeutung eines Wortes ist nie universell gültig, geschweige denn „richtig“. Vielmehr ist sie eine sozial und geschichtlich gebildete Wahrheit für denjenigen, der dem Wort eine Bedeutung zuweist. Das gilt auch für die Vorstellung von Jugend und Alter – beide Begriffe sind kulturell geprägt und dem geschichtlichen Wandel unterworfen. Die historische Sprachwissenschaft will diesen Vorstellungen mithilfe der Etymologie, also der Erklärung von Geschichte und Bedeutung von Wörtern, auf den Grund gehen. Die Etymologie eines Wortes ist damit ein Schlüssel zum Verständnis der Welt.
description: Ruperto Carola, Nr. 1 (2012): Alt & Jung, Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Nummer: 1, Jahr: 2012, Ausgaben pro Band: 2
Metasurface electron optics in graphene
Creators: name: Zhao, Ruihuang
name: Wan, Pengcheng
name: Zhou, Ling
name: Huang, Di
name: Guo, Haiqin
name: Xia, Hao
name: Du, Junjie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For electron optics in graphene, the propagation effect has so far been the only physical mechanism available. The resulting electron-optics-based components are large in size and operate at low temperatures to avoid violating the ballistic transport limits. In this paper, Dirac fermion metasurfaces, electronic counterparts of optical metasurfaces, are introduced for graphene electronics. By a metasurface, formally a linear array of gate-bias-controlled circular quantum dots, the wavefront of electron beams can be shaped within a one-quantum-dot-diameter distance, far below the ballistic limits at room temperature. This provides opportunities to create electron-optics-based devices that operate under ambient conditions. Moreover, unlike optical metasurfaces, Dirac fermion metasurfaces have near-perfect operating efficiencies and their high tunability allows for free and fast switching among functionalities. The concept of metasurface electron optics might open up a promising avenue for improving the performance of quantum devices in Dirac fermion materials.
OpenSPIM - an open access platform for light sheet microscopy
Creators: name: Pitrone, Peter
name: Schindelin, Johannes
name: Stuyvenberg, Luke
name: Preibisch, Stephan
name: Weber, Michael
name: Eliceiri, Kevin W.
name: Huisken, Jan
name: Tomancak, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Light sheet microscopy promises to revolutionize developmental biology by enabling live in toto imaging of entire embryos with minimal phototoxicity. We present detailed instructions for building a compact and customizable Selective Plane Illumination Microscopy (SPIM) system. The integrated OpenSPIM hardware and software platform is shared with the scientific community through a public website, thereby making light sheet microscopy accessible for widespread use and optimization to various applications.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, 6 supplementary videos, submitted to Nature Methods, associated public website http://openspim.org
Effects of Replacing Parts of Concentrate with Thyme (Thymus schimperi) Leaf on Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics and Sensory Quality of Meat of Arsi-Bale Sheep Fed on Barley Straw Basal Diet
Creators: name: Baye, Mekuanent
name: Nurfeta, Ajebu
name: Banerjee, Sandip
Publisher: name: East African Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
Year: 2020

description: Twenty-four intact male yearling Arsi-Bale sheep with an average body weight of 17.61±1.2 kg (Mean ± SD) were used to evaluate the effect of partial replacement of concentrate with thyme (Thymus schimperi) leaves on performance. The experiment consisted of ninety days growth experiment followed by a seven-day digestibility trial. Carcass traits and meat quality attributes were evaluated at the end of the digestibility trial. The experiment was arranged using a randomized complete block design. Dietary treatments comprised of 300 g concentrate mix (33% linseed cake and 67% wheat bran) (T1), 250 g concentrate mix + 50 g thyme leaf (T2), 225 g concentrate mix + 75 g/d thyme leaf (T3), and 200 g concentrate mix + 100 g thyme leaf (T4). Barley straw was offered ad libitum as a basal diet. The highest (P<0.05) total dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) intake were observed for T2, while the lowest was for T1 diets. The total crude protein (CP) intake decreased (P<0.05) with increasing levels of thyme leaf. The DM digestibility for T1 was greater (P<0.05) than that of T3 and T4 diets. The apparent digestibility of OM, CP and neutral detergent fiber was lower (P<0.05) for supplemented treatments compared with T1. The dressing percentage was greater (P<0.05) for sheep in T1, T2 and T3 compared with T4. Larger (P<0.05) rib-eye muscle area was observed for sheep in T1 and T2 diets than sheep in T3 and T4. Among the thyme leaf supplemented treatments, T3 and T4 had better (P<0.05) flavor than T2 while T4 had better P<0.05) aroma compared with T2. Mutton from the sheep fed on T1 diet had the highest (P<0.01) scores for tenderness. In conclusion, for most response variables, it is not important to include more than 50g thyme leaf but those who are interested in the aroma and flavor of mutton can feed 75 and 100 g thyme as part of concentrate mix for sheep fed barley straw-based diets.
description: East African Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Vol. 4 No. 1 (2020): East African Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
Reconstructing the polar interface of infinite-layer nickelate thin films
Creators: name: Goodge, Berit H.
name: Geisler, Benjamin
name: Lee, Kyuho
name: Osada, Motoki
name: Wang, Bai Yang
name: Li, Danfeng
name: Hwang, Harold Y.
name: Pentcheva, Rossitza
name: Kourkoutis, Lena F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nickel-based superconductors provide a long-awaited experimental platform to explore possible cuprate-like superconductivity. Despite similar crystal structure and $d$ electron filling, these systems exhibit several differences. Nickelates are the most polar layered oxide superconductor, raising questions about the interface between substrate and thin film -- thus far the only sample geometry to successfully stabilize superconductivity. We conduct a detailed experimental and theoretical study of the prototypical interface between Nd$_{1-x}$Sr$_x$NiO$_2$ and SrTiO$_3$. Atomic-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy in the scanning transmission electron microscope reveals the formation of a single intermediate Nd(Ti,Ni)O$_3$ layer. Density functional theory calculations with a Hubbard $U$ term show how the observed structure alleviates the strong polar discontinuity. We explore effects of oxygen occupancy, hole doping, and cation structure to disentangle the contributions of each for reducing interface charge density. Resolving the nontrivial interface structure will be instructive for future synthesis of nickelate films on other substrates and in vertical heterostructures.
Serological Evidence on the Role of the Onderstepoort Attenuated African Horse Sickness Vaccine by Induction of Antibody Responses to a Nine Serotype Containing CVRL Inactivated African Horse Sickness Vaccine
Creators: name: Wernery, U
name: Joseph, S
name: Raghavan, R
name: Spendrup, S
name: Dyer, B
Publisher: name: East African Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
Year: 2020

description: Although the frequency and severity of African horse sickness (AHS) outbreaks have declined significantly in Southern Africa, studies have shown that vaccinating horses only with the Onderstepoort attenuated vaccine did not always give full protection against AHS. The objective of this study was, therefore, to investigate whether an inactivated AHS vaccine containing all 9 serotypes would increase the serological response of horses that had been previously immunized with the Ondestepoort attenuated AHS vaccine. For this experiment, twenty-seven horses were selected from AHS endemic area in northern Kenya. The study horses were simultaneously vaccinated against all 9 AHS serotypes in 2 injections and their seroconversion was recorded. Sixteen horses, which were regularly immunized for many years with the Onderstepoort attenuated vaccine (Onderstepoort Biological Products, OBP) until 2013 and then annually 6 times until 2019 with the inactivated CVRL vaccine, developed high ELISA and virus neutralising antibodies (VN). Eleven horses which never received the OBP vaccine, but since 2015 six times the CVRL vaccine also developed ELISA and VN antibodies, which however were significantly lower than in the first group. The result of the current experiment confirmed the already known fact that multiple vaccinations against all 9 serotypes are important for the development of high antibody levels. Furthermore, it suggests the possible induction of higher levels of antibodies by the horses vaccinated with an inactivated vaccine which had been previously immunized with an attenuated vaccine compared to the ones which were not immunized with the latter vaccine. In conclusion, alternate immunization with an inactivated and an attenuated vaccine may provide better protection against AHS.
description: East African Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Vol. 4 No. 1 (2020): East African Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
Quantum networks self-test all entangled states
Creators: name: Šupić, Ivan
name: Bowles, Joseph
name: Renou, Marc-Olivier
name: Acín, Antonio
name: Hoban, Matty J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Certifying quantum properties with minimal assumptions is a fundamental problem in quantum information science. Self-testing is a method to infer the underlying physics of a quantum experiment only from the measured statistics. While all bipartite pure entangled states can be self-tested, little is known about how to self-test quantum states of an arbitrary number of systems. Here, we introduce a framework for network-assisted self-testing and use it to self-test any pure entangled quantum state of an arbitrary number of systems. The scheme requires the preparation of a number of singlets that scales linearly with the number of systems, and the implementation of standard projective and Bell measurements, all feasible with current technology. When all the network constraints are exploited, the obtained self-testing certification is stronger than what is achievable in any Bell-type scenario. Our work does not only solve an open question in the field, but also shows how properly designed networks offer new opportunities for the certification of quantum phenomena.
description: 30 pages (24 pages of appendices), 6 figures, 1 table
Incoherent excitation of few-level multiatom ensembles
Creators: name: Mohanand, Baranidharan
name: Macovei, Mihai A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the collective interaction of a multi-atom three-level ladder system with an environmental incoherent reservoir. The exact solution of the master equation that describes such a system of atoms emitting distinguishable or indistinguishable photons on interaction with an incoherent reservoir is obtained. The quantum decay interference effects have no influences over steady-state distribution of population among the energy levels. However, the photon statistics of the collectively emitted photons are different in this case. In particular, the normalized second-order photon correlation function shows a minimum in its value for the photons generated on lower atomic transition in a system with orthogonal dipoles. The minimum is due to the steady-state amplified spontaneous emission by the incoherent applied fields.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
Proposal for a loophole-free violation of Bell inequalities with a set of single photons and homodyne measurements
Creators: name: Etesse, Jean
name: Blandino, Rémi
name: Kanseri, Bhaskar
name: Tualle-Brouri, Rosa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that different kind of mesoscopic quantum states of light can be efficiently generated from a simple iterative scheme using homodyne heralding. These states exhibit strong non-classical features, and are of great interest for many applications such as quantum error-correcting codes or fundamental testings. On this basis we propose a protocol allowing a large loophole-free violation of a CHSH-type Bell inequality with a remarkable robustness to line losses.
Energy Efficient MAC Protocols in Wireless Body Area Sensor Networks -A Survey
Creators: name: Javaid, N.
name: Hayat, S.
name: Shakir, M.
name: Khan, M. A.
name: Bouk, S. H.
name: Khan, Z. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we first presented an analytically discussion about energy efficiency of Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols for Wireless Body Area Sensor Networks (WBASNs). For this purpose, different energy efficient MAC protocols with their respective energy optimization techniques; Low Power Listening (LPL), Scheduled Contention and Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), are elaborated. We also analytically compared path loss models for In-body, On-body and Off-body communications in WBASNs. These three path loss scenarios are simulated in MATLAB and results shown that path loss is more in In-body communication because of less energy level to take care of tissues and organs located inside human body. Secondly, power model for WBASNs of Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) and beacon mode is also presented. MATLAB simulations results shown that power of CSMA/CA mode is less as compared to beacon mode. Finally, we suggested that hybrid mode is more useful to achieve optimization in power consumption, which consequently results in high energy efficiency.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1207.2567
Human-Level Control through Directly-Trained Deep Spiking Q-Networks
Creators: name: Liu, Guisong
name: Deng, Wenjie
name: Xie, Xiurui
name: Huang, Li
name: Tang, Huajin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As the third-generation neural networks, Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have great potential on neuromorphic hardware because of their high energy-efficiency. However, Deep Spiking Reinforcement Learning (DSRL), i.e., the Reinforcement Learning (RL) based on SNNs, is still in its preliminary stage due to the binary output and the non-differentiable property of the spiking function. To address these issues, we propose a Deep Spiking Q-Network (DSQN) in this paper. Specifically, we propose a directly-trained deep spiking reinforcement learning architecture based on the Leaky Integrate-and-Fire (LIF) neurons and Deep Q-Network (DQN). Then, we adapt a direct spiking learning algorithm for the Deep Spiking Q-Network. We further demonstrate the advantages of using LIF neurons in DSQN theoretically. Comprehensive experiments have been conducted on 17 top-performing Atari games to compare our method with the state-of-the-art conversion method. The experimental results demonstrate the superiority of our method in terms of performance, stability, robustness and energy-efficiency. To the best of our knowledge, our work is the first one to achieve state-of-the-art performance on multiple Atari games with the directly-trained SNN.
description: Accepted by IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics
Classes of almost clean rings
Creators: name: Akalan, Evrim
name: Vas, Lia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16U99, 16W99, 16W10, 16S99

description: A ring is clean (almost clean) if each of its elements is the sum of a unit (regular element) and an idempotent. A module is clean (almost clean) if its endomorphism ring is clean (almost clean). We show that every quasi-continuous and nonsingular module is almost clean and that every right CS and right nonsingular ring is almost clean. As a corollary, all right strongly semihereditary rings, including finite $AW^*$-algebras and noetherian Leavitt path algebras in particular, are almost clean. We say that a ring $R$ is special clean (special almost clean) if each element $a$ can be decomposed as the sum of a unit (regular element) $u$ and an idempotent $e$ with $aR\cap eR=0.$ The Camillo-Khurana Theorem characterizes unit-regular rings as special clean rings. We prove an analogous theorem for abelian Rickart rings: an abelian ring is Rickart if and only if it is special almost clean. As a corollary, we show that a right quasi-continuous and right nonsingular ring is left and right Rickart. If a special (almost) clean decomposition is unique, we say that the ring is uniquely special (almost) clean. We show that (1) an abelian ring is unit-regular (equiv. special clean) if and only if it is uniquely special clean, and that (2) an abelian and right quasi-continuous ring is Rickart (equiv. special almost clean) if and only if it is uniquely special almost clean. Finally, we adapt some of our results to rings with involution: a *-ring is *-clean (almost *-clean) if each of its elements is the sum of a unit (regular element) and a projection (self-adjoint idempotent). A special (almost) *-clean ring is similarly defined by replacing ``idempotent'' with ``projection'' in the appropriate definition. We show that an abelian *-ring is a Rickart *-ring if and only if it is special almost *-clean, and that an abelian *-ring is *-regular if and only if it is special *-clean.
title: Сложение мощностей многих спинтронных осцилляторов
Creators: name: Сафин, Ансар
name: Татаренко, Александр
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2019

description: Исследован широкий класс автоколебательных систем сложения мощностей многих спинтронных осцилляторов с произвольной топологией объединения в ансамбли. Связь между осцилляторами рассмотрена с учетом макроспинового однодоменного приближения, при котором каждый осциллятор описывается своим уравнением Ландау—Лифшица—Гильберта—Слончевского. Исследованы стационарные режимы, свободные колебания, синхронизация и вопросы сложения мощностей. Построена нагрузочная характеристика ансамблей спинтронных осцилляторов с различной топологией. Показано, что иерархический ансамбль предпочтительнее для использования, так как от него можно получить большую мощность в нагрузке при одних и тех же параметрах и КПД цепи связи.
Two-, three-, and four-photon ionization of Mg in the circularly and linearly polarized laser fields: Comparative study using the Hartree-Fock and model potentials
Creators: name: Buica, Gabriela
name: Nakajima, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study multiphoton ionization of Mg in the circularly as well as the linearly polarized laser fields. Specifically two-, three-, and four-photon ionization cross sections from the ground and first excited states are calculated as a function of photon energy. Calculations are performed using the frozen-core Hartree-Fock and also the model potential approaches and the results are compared. We find that the model potential approach provide results as good as or even slightly better than those by the frozen-core Hartree-Fock approach. We also report the relative ratios of the ionization cross sections by the circularly and linearly polarized laser fields as a function of photon energy, which exhibit clear effects of electron correlations.
title: ПРИЧИНЫ РАЗВИТИЯ ЯТРОГЕННОЙ ПРЕСТУПНОСТИ
Creators: name: Плотникова, Татьяна
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2019

description: В статье анализируются  факторы, способствующие развитию ятрогенной преступности в со-временном мире. Не выявляя и не анализируя природу данных факторов нельзя найти эффективный способ борьбы с феноменом врачебных ошибок и ятрогений. Анализ существующей ситуации позволяет проследить перспективы исследования и предотвращения проблемы. В статье рассматриваются основные причины возникновения ятрогении и некоторые предложения по предупреждению и пресечению данного рода преступлений.
Armistice Day (#6)
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Music

description: Guests: Edward Cone, David Dubal. Works: A Solemn Music (Thomson); Chichester Psalms (Bernstein); Stabat Mater (Thomson); Serious Song (Irving Fine); My Shepherd Will Provide My Needs (Thomson); Third Symphony (Roy Harris)
title: Wenn die Glock soll auferstehen, muss die Form in Stücke gehen … Die bisher älteste Glockengussgrube Baden-Württembergs in der Rottenburger Sülchenkirche
Creators: name: Schmid, Beate
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2015

description: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 44, Nr. 4 (2015), Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
title: Spätmittelalterliche Befestigungsanlage. Die Letze der Herrschaft Trauchburg
Creators: name: Stroz, Martin
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2015

description: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg – Nachrichtenblatt der Landesdenkmalpflege, Bd. 44, Nr. 4 (2015), Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
Effects of Varieties of Indigenous Bamboos (Oxytenanthera abyssinica and Yushania alpina), their Morphological Fractions and Season of Harvest on Chemical Composition, In Vitro and In Sacco Degradability in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Mekuriaw, Yeshambel
name: Urge, Mengistu
name: Animut, Getachew
Publisher: name: East African Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
Year: 2019

description: Chemical composition and nutritive values of lowland bamboo (LB) (Oxytenanthera abyssinica), red highland bamboo (RHB) and black highland bamboo (BHB) (Yushania alpina) varieties (V) harvested during wet and dry seasons were determined in this study. Morphological fractions of the varieties such as leaves, twigs and foliage were evaluatedo for the purpose. The chemical compositions were determined according to the standard procedures. IVDMD was determine using two-stage rumen inoculum-pepsin method. In sacco N degradability were evaluated by the nylon bag technique using three ruminally fistulated Boran x Holstein Friesian steers. The result of the study revealed that leaves collected from RHB had significantly (P<0.001) higher CP content (209 g/kg DM) than twigs and foliage of other two verities of bamboo. Significantly (P<0.001) higher NDF and ADF contents were recorded for highland bamboo varieties in the dry season which can be implicated for lower ME in the variety. Among the MF, only twig consisted smallest CP content (62 g/kg DM). Leaf collected from LB had significantly (P<0.001) higher IVDMD (447 g/kg) than the leaf of HB varieties (338 and 344 g/kg). The LB leaves and foliages harvested in the wet season had significantly (P<0.001) higher N degradability (69.9-88.3 g/kg DM) than the HB varieties. Likewise, the rapidly soluble, slowly degradable and effective degradability fractions of N were higher in LB leaves and foliages harvested in the wet season than in the leaf of HB varieties. The results of this study suggested the existence of variation on chemical composition and degradability among bamboo verities, morphological fractions and harvesting seasons. It was recommended that these variations among the component of the plant need to be considered for appropriate utilization of bamboo plants as a feed resource for ruminant.
description: East African Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Vol. 3 No. 2 (2019): East African Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
Improving segmentation of calcified and non-calcified plaques on CCTA-CPR scans via masking of the artery wall
Creators: name: Tejero-de-Pablos, Antonio
name: Yamane, Hiroaki
name: Kurose, Yusuke
name: Iho, Junichi
name: Tokunaga, Youji
name: Horie, Makoto
name: Nishizawa, Keisuke
name: Hayashi, Yusaku
name: Koyama, Yasushi
name: Harada, Tatsuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The presence of plaques in the coronary arteries is a major risk to the patients' life. In particular, non-calcified plaques pose a great challenge, as they are harder to detect and more likely to rupture than calcified plaques. While current deep learning techniques allow precise segmentation of real-life images, the performance in medical images is still low. This is caused mostly by blurriness and ambiguous voxel intensities of unrelated parts that fall on the same value range. In this paper, we propose a novel methodology for segmenting calcified and non-calcified plaques in CCTA-CPR scans of coronary arteries. The input slices are masked so only the voxels within the wall vessel are considered for segmentation, thus, reducing ambiguity. This mask can be automatically generated via a deep learning-based vessel detector, that provides not only the contour of the outer artery wall, but also the inner contour. For evaluation, we utilized a dataset in which each voxel is carefully annotated as one of five classes: background, lumen, artery wall, calcified plaque, or non-calcified plaque. We also provide an exhaustive evaluation by applying different types of masks, in order to validate the potential of vessel masking for plaque segmentation. Our methodology results in a prominent boost in segmentation performance, in both quantitative and qualitative evaluation, achieving accurate plaque shapes even for the challenging non-calcified plaques. Furthermore, when using highly accurate masks, difficult cases such as stenosis become segmentable. We believe our findings can lead the future research for high-performance plaque segmentation.
description: Extended abstract (see SPIE for final published version)