cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Stability of equilibrium configurations of elastic films in two and three dimensions
Creators: name: Bonacini, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We establish a local minimality sufficiency criterion, based on the strict positivity of the second variation, in the context of a variational model for the epitaxial growth of elastic films. Our result holds also in the three-dimensional case and for a general class of nonlinear elastic energies. Applications to the study of the local minimality of flat morphologies are also shown.
Are neobiota a biostratigraphical and biological marker of the Anthropocene?
Creators: name: Himson, Stephen J.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The translocation of neobiota across the globe as a result of anthropogenic activity has fundamentally reconfigured the biosphere. This has accelerated since the mid-20th century, mirroring the trends observed in the ‘Great Acceleration’. Analysis of first occurrence records of neobiota in San Francisco Bay and across the conterminous USA has demonstrated that regional and continental trends show similar patterns of an acceleration in introduction rate in the mid-20th century. This fundamental perturbation to global ecologies will likely be recorded in the biostratigraphic record, particularly by widespread organisms which have a high preservation potential. High-resolution analysis of the biostratigraphic record of neobiotic introductions in San Francisco Bay has quantified a detailed record of biological and environmental disturbance. This analysis has shown that historical records of neobiotic introductions can be observed in the biostratigraphic record. Additional proxies of anthropogenic modification, including radiogenic isotopes, mercury, δ13C, δ15N, spheroidal carbonaceous particles and heavy metals have been analysed to assess the potential for San Francisco Bay as a site containing the Anthropocene Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP). The low activity levels of radiogenic isotopes in the core preclude the definition of a continuous chronology and the core lacks the clearly defined profile of 137Cs and 239,240Pu that is synonymous with Anthropocene stratigraphies. However, the highly-resolved biostratigraphy based on neobiotic occurrences suggests that San Francisco Bay may be an excellent site for correlating global sedimentary successions and may be suitable as an auxiliary stratotype of the Anthropocene. This is supported by quantitative biostratigraphic methods, which demonstrate that biostratigraphic events including the introductions of neobiota can be used to correlate horizons across San Francisco Bay. A late-20th century interval, defined by the arrivals of Trochammina hadai Uchio, 1963 and Potamocorbula amurensis (Schrenck, 1862) in San Francisco Bay in 1983 and 1986, can be correlated across the conterminous USA, with sedimentary deposits formed in the 1980s containing first occurrences of neobiota with a demonstrable fossil record in their introduced range.
Stellar granulation as seen in disk-integrated intensity. II. Theoretical scaling relations compared with observations
Creators: name: Samadi, R.
name: Belkacem, K.
name: Ludwig, H. -G.
name: Caffau, E.
name: Campante, T. L.
name: Davies, G. R.
name: Kallinger, T.
name: Lund, M. N.
name: Mosser, B.
name: Baglin, A.
name: Mathur, S.
name: Garcia, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A large set of stars observed by CoRoT and Kepler shows clear evidence for the presence of a stellar background, which is interpreted to arise from surface convection, i.e., granulation. These observations show that the characteristic time-scale (tau_eff) and the root-mean-square (rms) brightness fluctuations (sigma) associated with the granulation scale as a function of the peak frequency (nu_max) of the solar-like oscillations. We aim at providing a theoretical background to the observed scaling relations based on a model developed in the companion paper. We computed for each 3D model the theoretical power density spectrum (PDS) associated with the granulation as seen in disk-integrated intensity on the basis of the theoretical model. For each PDS we derived tau_eff and sigma and compared these theoretical values with the theoretical scaling relations derived from the theoretical model and the Kepler measurements. We derive theoretical scaling relations for tau_eff and sigma, which show the same dependence on nu_max as the observed scaling relations. In addition, we show that these quantities also scale as a function of the turbulent Mach number (Ma) estimated at the photosphere. The theoretical scaling relations for tau_eff and sigma match the observations well on a global scale. Our modelling provides additional theoretical support for the observed variations of sigma and tau_eff with nu_m max. It also highlights the important role of Ma in controlling the properties of the stellar granulation. However, the observations made with Kepler on a wide variety of stars cannot confirm the dependence of our scaling relations on Ma. Measurements of the granulation background and detections of solar-like oscillations in a statistically sufficient number of cool dwarf stars will be required for confirming the dependence of the theoretical scaling relations with Ma.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures,accepted for publication in A&A
Eigenvalues of the Laplacian on a compact manifold with density
Creators: name: Colbois, Bruno
name: Soufi, Ahmad El
name: Savo, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we study the spectrum of the weighted Laplacian (also called Bakry-Emery or Witten Laplacian) $L_σ$ on a compact, connected, smooth Riemannian manifold $(M,g)$ endowed with a measure $σdv_g$. First, we obtain upper bounds for the $k-$th eigenvalue of $L_σ$ which are consistent with the power of $k$ in Weyl's formula. These bounds depend on integral norms of the density $σ$, and in the second part of the article, we give examples showing that this dependence is, in some sense, sharp. As a corollary, we get bounds for the eigenvalues of Laplace type operators, such as the Schrödinger operator or the Hodge Laplacian on $p-$forms. In the special case of the weighted Laplacian on the sphere, we get a sharp inequality for the first nonzero eigenvalue which extends Hersch's inequality.
Evidence for interacting two-level systems from the 1/f noise of a superconducting resonator
Creators: name: Burnett, J.
name: Faoro, L.
name: Wisby, I.
name: Gurtovoi, V. L.
name: Chernykh, A. V.
name: Mikhailov, G. M.
name: Tulin, V. A.
name: Shaikhaidarov, R.
name: Antonov, V.
name: Meeson, P. J.
name: Tzalenchuk, A. Ya.
name: Lindstrom, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we find the increase in 1/f noise of superconducting resonators at low temperatures to be completely incompatible with the standard tunneling model (STM) of Two Level Systems (TLS), which has been used to describe low-frequency noise for over three decades. We revise the STM to include a significant TLS - TLS interaction. The new model is able to explain the temperature and power dependence of noise in our measurements, as well as recent studies of individual TLS lifetimes using superconducting qubits. The measurements were made possible by implementing an ultra-stable frequency-tracking technique used in atomic clocks and by producing a superconducting resonator insensitive to temperature fluctuations. The latter required an epitaxially grown Nb film with a Pt capping layer to minimize detrimental oxides at all interfaces.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Architectural considerations in the design of a superconducting quantum annealing processor
Creators: name: Bunyk, P. I.
name: Hoskinson, E.
name: Johnson, M. W.
name: Tolkacheva, E.
name: Altomare, F.
name: Berkley, A. J.
name: Harris, R.
name: Hilton, J. P.
name: Lanting, T.
name: Whittaker, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a quantum annealing processor, based on an array of tunably coupled rf-SQUID flux qubits, fabricated in a superconducting integrated circuit process [1]. Implementing this type of processor at a scale of 512 qubits and 1472 programmable inter-qubit couplers and operating at ~ 20 mK has required attention to a number of considerations that one may ignore at the smaller scale of a few dozen or so devices. Here we discuss some of these considerations, and the delicate balance necessary for the construction of a practical processor that respects the demanding physical requirements imposed by a quantum algorithm. In particular we will review some of the design trade-offs at play in the floor-planning of the physical layout, driven by the desire to have an algorithmically useful set of inter-qubit couplers, and the simultaneous need to embed programmable control circuitry into the processor fabric. In this context we have developed a new ultra-low power embedded superconducting digital-to-analog flux converters (DACs) used to program the processor with zero static power dissipation, optimized to achieve maximum flux storage density per unit area. The 512 single-stage, 3520 two-stage, and 512 three-stage flux-DACs are controlled with an XYZ addressing scheme requiring 56 wires. Our estimate of on-chip dissipated energy for worst-case reprogramming of the whole processor is ~ 65 fJ. Several chips based on this architecture have been fabricated and operated successfully at our facility, as well as two outside facilities (see for example [2]).
Phylogenetic and functional alpha and beta diversity in temperate and tropical tree communities
Creators: name: Swenson, Nathan G.
name: Erickson, David L.
name: Mi, Xiangcheng
name: Bourg, Norman A.
name: Forero-Montaña, Jimena
name: Ge, Xuejun
name: Howe, Robert
name: Lake, Jeffrey K.
name: Liu, Xiaojuan
name: Ma, Keping
name: Pei, Nancai
name: Thompson, Jill
name: Wolf, Amy
name: Uriarte, Maria
name: Zhang, Jinlong
name: Wright, S. Joseph
name: Ye, Wanhui
name: Zimmerman, Jess K.
name: Kress, W. John
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Botany

description: The study of biodiversity has tended to focus primarily on relatively information-poor measures of species diversity. Recently, many studies of local diversity (alpha diversity) have begun to use measures of functional and phylogenetic alpha diversity. Investigations into the phylogenetic and functional dissimilarity (beta diversity) of communities have been far less numerous, but these dissimilarity measures have the potential to infer the mechanisms underlying community assembly and dynamics. Here, we relate levels of phylogenetic and functional alpha diversity to levels of phylogenetic and functional beta diversity to infer the mechanism or mechanisms responsible for the assembly of tree communities in six forests located in tropical and temperate latitudes. The results show that abiotic filtering plays a role in structuring local assemblages and governing spatial turnover in community composition and that phylogenetic measures of alpha and beta diversity are not strong predictors of functional alpha and beta diversity in the forests studied.
Axial Quasi-normal modes of Neutron Stars with Exotic Matter
Creators: name: Blázquez-Salcedo, J. L.
name: González-Romero, L. M.
name: Navarro-Lérida, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the axial w quasi-normal modes of neutron stars for 18 realistic equations of state in order to study the influence of hyperons and quarks on the modes. The study has been developed with a new method based on Exterior Complex Scaling with variable angle, which allow us to generate pure outgoing quasi-normal modes. A complete study of the junction conditions has been done. We have obtained that w-modes can be used to distinguish between neutron stars with exotic matter and without exotic matter for compact enough stars.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, to appear in Proceedings of Spanish Relativity Meeting 2012 (ERE 2012) held in University of Minho, Guimar\~aes, Portugal, 3-7 September 2012
Phase transition and entropy spectrum of BTZ black hole in three-dimensional gravity with torsion
Creators: name: Ma, Meng-Sen
name: Zhao, Ren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the phase transition and the entropy spectrum of BTZ black hole obtained in a model of three-dimensional gravity with torsion. By calculating the heat capacity we find that the BTZ black hole we considered will experience phase transition at some critical point. This indicates that the critical behaviors of black holes do not only depend on the spacetime metric, but have to do with the theory of gravity under consideration. In addition we derived the entropy spectrum of the BTZ black hole according to the quasinormal modes(QNMs) and the adiabatic invariance. It shows that the area or entropy spectrum will also rely on the concrete gravitational action.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
Video in online learning: Connecting analytics to pedagogy
Creators: name: Rubin, Nancy R.
name: Hibbert, Melanie C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Instructional systems--Design
Education
Educational technology

description: In this conference presentation at Kaltura Connect, speakers from Columbia University School of Continuing Education discuss how analytics from their video hosting server have influenced the pedagogy and design of their online course media.
Reconstructing parton collisions with machine learning techniques
Creators: name: Sborlini, German F. R.
name: Rentería-Estrada, David F.
name: Hernández-Pinto, Roger J.
name: Zurita, Pia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Having access to the parton-level kinematics is important for understanding the internal dynamics of particle collisions. Here, we present new results aiming to an efficient reconstruction of parton collisions using machine-learning techniques. By simulating the collider events, we related experimentally-accessible quantities with the momentum fractions of the involved partons. We used photon-hadron production to exploit the cleanliness of the photon signal, including up to NLO QCD-QED corrections. Neural networks led to an outstanding reconstruction efficiency, suggesting a powerful strategy for unveiling the behaviour of the fundamental bricks of matter in high-energy collisions.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures. Contribution to the Proceedings of the ICHEP 2022 Conference
Antinucleon-nucleon interaction in chiral effective field theory
Creators: name: Kang, Xian-Wei
name: Haidenbauer, Johann
name: Meißner, Ulf-G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results of an exploratory study of the antinucleon-nucleon interaction within chiral effective field theory are reported. The antinucleon-nucleon potential is derived up to next-to-next-to-leading order, based on a modified Weinberg power counting, in close analogy to pertinent studies of the nucleon-nucleon interaction. The low-energy constants associated with the arising contact interactions are fixed by a fit to phase shifts and inelasticities provided by a recently published phase-shift analysis of antiproton-proton scattering data. The overall quality of the achieved description of the antinucleon-nucleon amplitudes is comparable to the one found in case of the nucleon-nucleon interaction at the same order. For most S-waves and several P-waves good agreement with the antinucleon-nucleon phase shifts and inelasticities is obtained up to laboratory energies of around 200 MeV.
description: 24 pp, uses JHEP style
title: Increasing access to psychological treatments for preadolescent children with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Creators: name: Chessell, Chloe
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2023

description: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a mental health disorder that often begins during preadolescence and can continue into adulthood in the absence of effective treatment. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) including Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP) is an effective psychological treatment for preadolescent children with OCD, however, services often have considerable waitlists for treatment and there is a pressing need to increase access to treatments for this population. This thesis aimed to increase access to CBT for preadolescent children with OCD by adapting an existing brief low-intensity therapist guided, parent-led CBT intervention for children with anxiety disorders so that it was suitable for preadolescent children with OCD. Specifically, this thesis consisted of (1) a systematic review to identify the cognitive, behavioural, and familial maintenance mechanisms relevant to childhood OCD that need to be targeted in a brief low-intensity intervention, (2) qualitative research to explore parents’ experiences of parenting a preadolescent child with OCD and their views about parent involvement in CBT to ensure the adapted treatment reflected their experiences and needs, and (3) a non-concurrent multiple baseline case series to examine the preliminary efficacy and acceptability of the adapted intervention. Preliminary findings indicate that brief low-intensity therapist guided, parent-led CBT may be an effective, efficient, and acceptable intervention for this population that could help to substantially increase access to evidence-based treatments for preadolescent children with OCD. Further evaluation (i.e., a feasibility study) of this intervention in a low-intensity setting is now warranted, prior to a definitive randomised controlled trial of this intervention, if indicated.
Intelligent Product: Mobile Agent Architecture Integrating the End of Life Cycle (EOL) For minimizing the lunch phase PLM
Creators: name: Boulaalam, Abdelhak
name: Nfaoui, El Habib
name: Beqqali, Omar El
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To improve the increasingly demands products that are customized, all business activities performed along the product life cycle must be coordinated and efficiently managed along the extended enterprise. For this, enterprise had wanted to retain control over the whole product lifecycle especially when the product is in use/recycling (End Of Life phase). Although there have been many previous research works about product lifecycle management in the beginning of life (BOL) and middle of life (MOL) phases, few addressed the end of life (EOL) phase, in particular, when the product is at the customers. In this paper, based on product embedded device identification (PEID) and mobile agent technologies, and with the advent of the development of the "intelligent products", we will try to improve innovation: (a) by minimize the lunch phase, (b) and the involvement of the customer in product lifecycle.
description: 8 pages, 11 figures, The Proceeding of International Conference on Soft Computing and Software Engineering 2013
Would Triage Predictors Perform Better than First-Come-First-Served in Pandemic Ventilator Allocation?
Creators: name: Kanter, Robert K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Disaster medicine
Emergency management
Epidemics
Respirators (Medical equipment)

description: In a pandemic, needs for ventilators might overwhelm the limited supply. Outcome predictors have been proposed to guide ventilator triage allocation decisions. However, pandemic triage predictors have not been validated. This quantitative simulation study evaluated outcomes resulting from allocation strategies varying in their performance for selecting short stay survivors as favorable candidates for ventilators. A quantitative simulation modeled a pandemic surge. Postulated numbers of potential daily admissions presented randomly from a specified population, with a limited number of available ventilators. Patients were triaged to ventilator care vs palliation, or turned away to palliation if no ventilator was available. Simulated triage was conducted according to a set of hypothetical triage tools varying in sensitivity and specificity to select favorable ventilator candidates, versus first-come-first-served allocation. Death was assumed for palliation. Survival or death was counted for ventilated patients according to the specified characteristic of each randomly selected patient. Triage predictors with intermediate quality performance resulted in a median daily mortality of 80%, similar to first-come-first-served allocation. A poor quality predictor resulted in a worse mortality of 90%. Only a high quality predictor (sensitivity 90% & specificity 90%) resulted in a substantially lower 60% mortality. Conclusions - Performance of unvalidated pandemic ventilator triage predictors is unknown and possibly inferior to first-come-first-served allocation. Poor performance of unvalidated predictors proposed for triage would represent an inadequate plan for stewarding scarce resources and would deprive some patients of fair access to a ventilator, thus falling short of sound ethical foundations.
On the PSR B1133+16 optical counterpart
Creators: name: Zharikov, Sergey
name: Mignani, Roberto P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of this work is confirming the optical identification of PSR B1133+16, whose candidate optical counterpart was detected in Very Large Telescope (VLT) images obtained back in 2003. We used new deep optical images of the PSR B1133+16 field obtained with both the 10.4 m Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC) and the VLT in the g' and B bands, respectively, to confirm the detection of its candidate optical counterpart and its coincidence with the most recent pulsar's radio coordinates. We did not detect any object at the position of the pulsar candidate counterpart (B~28), measured in our 2003 VLT images. However, we tentatively detected an object of comparable brightness in both the 2012 GTC and VLT images, whose position is offset by ~3.03" from that of the pulsar's candidate counterpart in the 2003 VLT images and lies along the pulsar's proper motion direction. Accounting for the time span of ~9 years between the 2012 quasi-contemporary GTC and VLT images and the 2003 VLT one, this offset is consistent with the yearly displacement of the pulsar due to its proper motion. Therefore, both the flux of the object detected in the 2012 GTC and VLT images and its position, consistent with the proper motion-corrected pulsar radio coordinates, suggest that we have detected the candidate pulsar counterpart that has moved away from its 2003 discovery position.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables, accepted in MNRAS
Mixing of materials in magnetised core-collapse supernova remnants
Creators: name: Meyer, Dominique
name: Pohl, Martin
name: Petrov, Mihail
name: Egberts, Kathrin
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 520

description: Core-collapse supernova remnants are structures of the interstellar medium (ISM) left behind the explosive death of most massive stars (smaller or equal to 40 Mo). Since they result in the expansion of the supernova shock wave into the gaseous environment shaped by the star wind history, their morphology constitutes an insight into the past evolution of their progenitor star. Particularly, fast-moving massive stars can produce asymmetric core-collapse supernova remnants. We investigate the mixing of materials in core-collapse supernova remnants generated by a moving massive 35 Mo star, in a magnetised ISM. Stellar rotation and the wind magnetic field are time-dependently included into the models which follow the entire evolution of the stellar surroundings from the zero age main sequence to 80 kyr after the supernova explosion. It is found that very little main sequence material is present in remnants from moving stars, that the Wolf-Rayet wind mixes very efficiently within the 10 kyr after the explosion, while the red supergiant material is still unmixed by 30 per cent within 50 kyr after the supernova. Our results indicate that the faster the stellar motion, the more complex the internal organisation of the supernova remnant and the more effective the mixing of ejecta therein. In contrast, the mixing of stellar wind material is only weakly affected by progenitor motion, if at all.
Temporal turnover in the composition of tropical tree communities: functional determinism and phylogenetic stochasticity
Creators: name: Swenson, Nathan G.
name: Stegen, James C.
name: Davies, Stuart J.
name: Erickson, David L.
name: Forero-Montaña, Jimena
name: Kress, W. John
name: Hurlbert, Allen H.
name: Thompson, Jill
name: Uriarte, Maria
name: Wright, S. Joseph
name: Zimmerman, Jess K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Botany

description: The degree to which turnover in biological communities is structured by deterministic or stochastic factors and the identities of influential deterministic factors are fundamental, yet unresolved, questions in ecology. Answers to these questions are particularly important for projecting the fate of forests with diverse disturbance histories worldwide. To uncover the processes governing turnover we use species-level molecular phylogenies and functional trait data sets for two long-term tropical forest plots with contrasting disturbance histories: one forest is older-growth, and one was recently disturbed. Having both phylogenetic and functional information further allows us to parse out the deterministic influences of different ecological filters. With the use of null models we find that compositional turnover was random with respect to phylogeny on average, but highly nonrandom with respect to measured functional traits. Furthermore, as predicted by a deterministic assembly process, the older-growth and disturbed forests were characterized by less than and greater than expected functional turnover, respectively. These results suggest that the abiotic environment, which changes due to succession in the disturbed forest, strongly governs the temporal dynamics of disturbed and undisturbed tropical forests. Predicting future changes in the composition of disturbed and undisturbed forests may therefore be tractable when using a functional-trait-based approach.
The role of phase interface energy in martensitic transformations: a lattice Monte-Carlo simulation
Creators: name: Yastrebov, Vladislav A.
name: Fischlschweiger, Michael
name: Cailletaud, Georges
name: Antretter, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To study martensitic phase transformation we use a micromechanical model based on statistical mechanics. Employing lattice Monte-Carlo simulations and realistic material properties for shape-memory alloys (SMA), we investigate the combined influence of the external stress, temperature, and interface energy between the austenitic and martensitic phase on the transformation kinetics and the effective material compliance. The one-dimensional model predicts well many features of the martensitic transformation that are observed experimentally. Particularly, we study the influence of the interface energy on the transformation width and the effective compliance. In perspective, the obtained results might be helpful for the design of new SMAs for more sensitive smart structures and more efficient damping systems.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, 22 references
The Cybernetic Unconscious: Lacan, Poe, and French Theory
Creators: name: Liu, Lydia H.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Literature
American literature

description: Chance put the text of Edgar Allan Poe's story “The Purloined Letter” at the disposal of Jacques Lacan and his psychoanalytic work, and this work has since made numerous surprising moves and detours through poststructuralist literary criticism. These moves and detours are guarding an open secret as to how Lacan discovered Poe's story for psychoanalysis. The secret—hiding in plain sight, as it were—has inadvertently barred us from knowing more. That is to say, something will remain unseen and unheard until we are prepared to reflect on what we know about Lacan through American literary criticism and, more importantly, what we do not know about American cybernetics in France or in the U.S. for that matter.
Affine and toric hyperplane arrangements
Creators: name: Ehrenborg, Richard
name: Readdy, Margaret
name: Slone, MLE
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52C35, 05E99

description: We extend the Billera-Ehrenborg-Readdy map between the intersection lattice and face lattice of a central hyperplane arrangement to affine and toric hyperplane arrangements. For arrangements on the torus, we also generalize Zaslavsky's fundamental results on the number of regions.
description: 32 pages, 4 figures
Initiation stage of nanosecond breakdown in liquid
Creators: name: Pekker, Mikhail
name: Seepersad, Yohan
name: Shneider, Mikhail
name: Fridman, Alexander
name: Dobrynin, Danil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, based on a theoretical model [1], it has been shown experimentally that the initial stage of development of a nanosecond breakdown in liquids is associated with the appearance of discontinuities in the liquid (cavitation) under the influence of electrostriction forces. Comparison of experimentally measured area dimensions and its temporal development were found to be in a good agreement with the theoretical calculations.
Regional Variation in Critical Care Evacuation Needs for Children After a Mass Casualty Incident
Creators: name: Kanter, Robert K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Child disaster victims
Disaster medicine--Planning
Emergency management--Planning
Children--Hospital care

description: To determine the ability of five New York statewide regions to accommodate 30 children needing critical care after a hypothetical mass casualty incident (MCI) and the duration to complete an evacuation to facilities in other regions if the surge exceeded local capacity.
A quantitative model evaluated pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) vacancies for MCI patients, based on data on existing resources, historical average occupancy, and evidence on early discharges and transfers in a public health emergency. Evacuation of patients exceeding local capacity to the nearest PICU center with vacancies was modeled in discrete event chronological simulations for three scenarios in each region: pediatric critical care transport teams were considered to originate from other PICU hospitals statewide, using (1) ground ambulances or (2) helicopters, and (3) noncritical care teams were considered to originate from the local MCI region using ground ambulances. Chronology of key events was modeled.
Across five regions, the number of children needing evacuation would vary from 0 to 23. The New York City (NYC) metropolitan area could accommodate all patients. The region closest to NYC could evacuate all excess patients to PICU hospitals in NYC within 12 hours using statewide critical care teams traveling by ground ambulance. Helicopters and local noncritical care teams would not shorten the evacuation. For other statewide regions, evacuation of excess patients by statewide critical care teams traveling by ground ambulance would require up to nearly 26 hours. Helicopter transport would reduce evacuation time by 40%-44%, while local noncritical care teams traveling by ground would reduce evacuation time by 16%-34%.
The present study provides a quantitative, evidence-based approach to estimate regional pediatric critical care evacuation needs after an MCI. Large metropolitan areas with many PICU beds would be better able to accommodate patients in a local MCI, and would serve as a crucial resource if an MCI occurred in a smaller community. Regions near a metropolitan area could be rapidly served by critical care transport teams traveling by ground ambulance. Regions distant from a metropolitan area might benefit from helicopter transport. Using local noncritical care transport teams would involve shorter delays and less expert care during evacuation.
Degradation of perovskite solar cells by X-rays
Creators: name: Barinskaya, Anna
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2020

description: Bachelorarbeit, Universität Hamburg, 2020; 1-24 (2020). = Bachelorarbeit, Universität Hamburg, 2020
description: Perovskite solar cells are a promising photovoltaic technology with their low production costsand high efficiencies. The main reason the technology is not ready for the market yet is the instability of the perovskite absorber and its fast degradation. In this bachelor thesis the degradation of a perovskite solar cell caused by hard X-ray synchrotron radiation is being studied, as well as the ability of the perovskite material to recover after the irradiation. Analyzing the time-resolved measurements of the X-ray beam induced current, we found that the degradation can be described by an exponential decay. We quantified the degradation and the self-healing effects upon irradiation at different X-ray intensities. Both effects are compatible with the X-ray beam induced generation of the electronic defects in the perovskite material.
Characteristics of X-point Lobe Structures in Single-Null Discharges on MAST
Creators: name: Harrison, J. R.
name: Kirk, A.
name: Chapman, I. T.
name: Cahyna, P.
name: Liu, Yueqiang
name: Nardon, E.
name: Thornton, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lobe structures due to the application of resonant magnetic perturbations (RMPs) have been observed using wide-angle imaging of light from He1+ ions in the vicinity of the lower X-point in MAST. The data presented are from lower single-null discharges where RMPs of toroidal mode number, n, of 4 and 6 were applied. It has been found that, above a threshold value, the lobe structures extend radially, linearly with the coil current, both in L-mode and H-mode. It is observed that after the application of the RMP, as the toroidal rotation in the confined plasma decreases, the lobes extend radially, suggesting the plasma is less effectively screening the RMP field. Comparing the imaging data with results from vacuum modelling shows that this technique can accurately predict the number and poloidal location of the lobes, but over-estimates their radial extent. More accurate estimates of the extent of the lobes can be made by accounting for plasma screening of the RMP field. Qualitative agreement between simulation and experiment is found if it is assumed that the RMP penetrates 2% in normalised radius from the last closed flux surface.
description: 32 pages, 20 figures
title: Organotropism of invasive lobular breast carcinoma causing orbital metastasis
Creators: name: Zohra, Fathima
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Breast imaging
subject: Breast
subject: Hybrid Imaging
subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Mammography
subject: MR
subject: Teleradiology
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: Computer Applications-Teleradiology
subject: Computer Applications-Virtual imaging
subject: eLearning
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 50-year-old woman presented with bilateral palpable breast lumps and protrusion of left eye for 1 month, which was gradually progressive. Back pain for 1 month. No significant family history of breast or ovarian cancer. Clinical examination revealed a 4 x 3 cm firm lump in the upper outer quadrant of right breast and a 3 x 3cm vague lump in the left breast, bilateral nipple retraction and inversion was noted. Orbital examination demonstrated left eye proptosis, diplopia, and lateral gaze palsy.

description: 50 years, female
A geometric approach to acyclic orientations
Creators: name: Ehrenborg, Richard
name: Slone, MLE
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C20, 06D99

description: The set of acyclic orientations of a connected graph with a given sink has a natural poset structure. We give a geometric proof of a result of Jim Propp: this poset is the disjoint union of distributive lattices.
description: 5 pages, no figures. Accepted for publication in Order
title: La reliure autrement ...
title: La reliure autrement ...
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Baehler, Ghislaine
Publisher: name: Bibliothèque cantonale et universitaire - Lausanne
Year: 2006

description: Sommaire : 1. Reliure dos brisé, ou ficelle passée : 1.1 Technique ancienne. 1.2 Technique ancienne : points faibles 1.3 Technique corrigée Dégâts : Le plat ou le dos se détache 1.4.1 Claies et soufflet 1.4.2 Refaire la couture et réemboîter 1.4.2.1 Variante : refaire la couture et réemboîter en conservant les gardes 1.4.2.2 Variante : réemboîter sans coudre 1.4.3 Soufflet avec languette 1.4.4 Soufflet avec languette et couture 1.4.4.1 Variante : soufflet avec languette et couture avec onglet 1.4.5 Ajouter un soufflet et des ficelles sous la couvrure 1.4.6 Ajouter des ficelles sans défaire le livre Dégâts: Le livre n'a plus de dos 1.5.1 Les plats tiennent : fendre le carton 1.5.2 Les plats se détachent : montage à la bradel 1.5.3 Remettre une nouvelle peau (demi-peau) 2. Reliure bradel 2.1 Reliure bradel (1800-1900) 2.2 Reliure bradel à l'ancienne (1500-1799) 2.2.1 Relire bradel de conservation 2.3 Reliure bradel moderne 2.4 Reliure emboîtage bradel 2.5 Emboîtage en trois parties 2.6 Reliure bradel plein papier  3. Reliure hollandaise 3.1 Description de la technique Dégâts : le parchemin s'est rétracté 3.2 Insérer un morceau de parchemin 4. Registre 4.1 Description de la technique de base 4.2 Points particuliers utilisés dans diverses réparations 5. Reliure à la française à dos plein 5.1 Description de la technique de base (simplifiée) 5.2 Points particuliers utilisés dans diverses réparations 5.3 Claie visible et protège-nerfs 6. Reliure emboîtage d'édition 6.1 Refaire la couture et réemboîter 7. Brochure de conservation 7.1 Montage sans colle 7.2 Montage sur onglet 7.3 Couture copte 7.4 Encartage 8. Etui, cartable 8.1 Cartable avec attaches, sans colle 8.2 Etui de conservation 9. Papier 9. Collationnement, nettoyage de base, réparations simples Annexes : Trucs et astuces, références, fournisseurs 10. Trucs et astuces 11. Reliure et restauration : ouvrages de références 12. Fournisseurs
iSpace: Printed English After Joyce, Shannon, and Derrida
Creators: name: Liu, Lydia H.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Communication of technical information
Literature

description: To begin my essay with a nonword or borderline word is to relive the consequence of manifest entanglements between the literary imagination and technoscience. iSpace is one of many graphic aberrations introduced into English by James Joyce. There are others, of course—printed signs on paper as well as electronic pulses on the computer screen—that can go anywhere from exuberant nonsense to promised logographical embodiment: “alaphbedic,” “televisible,” “verbivocovisual,” and so on. Joyce scholars have rightly pointed out that literary theory is still catching up with the author of Finnegans Wake, that modernist engineer of a cyberspace avant la lettre of outrageous signs and letter sequences. Joyce conjured up the printed sign iSpace long before the internet or the iPod. The novelty of his vision and technē of writing never ceases to surprise the generations of readers who have since grown up and experienced the dramatic unfolding of biocybernetic events in their own lives.I am interested in exploring whether the perceived entanglements between literature and technoscience can promise a new understanding of the nature and function of the phonetic alphabet and alphabetical writing. What insights or implications, if any, can we glean from contemporary biocybernetic developments that may help us rethink literary theory and make it truly relevant to the task of interpreting social life, text, and machine from the ground up, which is to say, from the basic building blocks of literacy?
Implications of LHC search results on the W boson mass prediction in the MSSM
Creators: name: Heinemeyer, S.
name: Hollik, W.
name: Weiglein, G.
name: Zeune, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the currently most precise W boson mass (M_W) prediction in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) and discuss how it is affected by recent results from the LHC. The evaluation includes the full one-loop result and all known higher order corrections of SM and SUSY type. We show the MSSM prediction in the M_W-m_t plane, taking into account constraints from Higgs and SUSY searches. We point out that even if stops and sbottoms are heavy, relatively large SUSY contributions to M_W are possible if either charginos, neutralinos or sleptons are light. In particular we analyze the effect on the M_W prediction of the Higgs signal at about 125.6 GeV, which within the MSSM can in principle be interpreted as the light or the heavy CP-even Higgs boson. For both interpretations the predicted MSSM region for M_W is in good agreement with the experimental measurement. We furthermore discuss the impact of possible future LHC results in the stop sector on the M_W prediction, considering both the cases of improved limits and of the detection of a scalar top quark.
description: 28 pages, 8 figures
Petahertz optical response in graphene
Creators: name: Baudisch, Matthias
name: Marini, Andrea
name: Cox, Joel D.
name: Zhu, Tony
name: Silva, Francisco
name: Teichmann, Stephan
name: Massicotte, Mathieu
name: Koppens, Frank
name: Levitov, Leonid S.
name: de Abajo, F. Javier Garcia
name: Biegert, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The temporal dynamics of charge carriers determines the speed with which electronics can be realized in condensed matter, and their direct manipulation with optical fields promises electronic processing at unprecedented petahertz frequencies, consisting in a million-fold increase from state of the art technology. Graphene is of particular interest for the implementation of petahertz optoelectronics due to its unique transport properties, such as high carrier mobility with near-ballistic transport and exceptionally strong coupling to optical fields. The back action of carriers in response to an optical field is therefore of key importance towards applications. Here we investigate the instantaneous response of graphene to petahertz optical fields and elucidate the role of hot carriers on a sub-100 fs timescale. Measurements of the nonlinear response and its dependence on interaction time and field polarization allow us to identify the back action of hot carriers over timescales that are commensurate with the optical field. An intuitive picture is given for the carrier trajectories in response to the optical-field polarization state. We note that the peculiar interplay between optical fields and charge carriers in graphene may also apply to surface states in topological insulators with similar Dirac cone dispersion relations.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Effect of size and aspect ratio on structural parameters and evidence of shape transition in zinc oxide nanostructures
Creators: name: Ghosh, Manoranjan
name: Karmakar, Debjani
name: Basu, S.
name: Jha, S. N.
name: Bhattacharyya, D.
name: Gadkari, S. C.
name: Gupta, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dependence of structural parameters on the size of nanoparticles is a topic of general interest where the effect of shape is often neglected. We report a comprehensive study on size dependent structural parameters of ZnO nanostructures (NS) having a wide range of aspect ratios (length/diameter). It reveals that with increase in size, ZnO NS undergo a shape transition from spherical to rod like morphology that induces sudden change in internal parameter (u) which represents relative position of two hexagonal close-packed sublattices. The change in u introduces concomitant changes in anion-cation (Zn-O) bond lengths as well as bond angles and thereby bears a linear dependence with the aspect ratio (AR). Further, the unit cell volume and microstrain decrease with increase in particle size and show a drastic reduction when flat crystal faces begin to appear at the spherical surface (AR~1.3). The significant change in structural parameters associated with the shape transition arises due to surface dipole induced electrostatic relaxation that may be further influenced by interaction with the ambient gases as evidenced from the Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (EXAFS) measurement. The present study addresses the underlying reasons of shape induced change in structural and electronic properties of ZnO NS.
description: 10 figures
Gamov-Teller transitions from 14N ground to 14C ground and excited states
Creators: name: Kanada-En'yo, Yoshiko
name: Suhara, Tadahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamov-Teller transitions from the $^{14}$N ground state to the $^{14}$C ground and excited states were investigated, based on the model of antisymmetrized molecular dynamics. The calculated strengths for the allowed transitions to the $0^+$, $1^+$, and $2^+$ states of $^{14}$C were compared with the experimental data measured by high-resolution charge-exchange reactions. The calculated GT transition to the $2^+_1$ state is strong while those to the $0^+_{2,3}$ and $2^+_{2,3}$ states having dominant $2\hbarω$ excited configurations are relatively weak. The present calculation can not describe the anonymously long life time of $^{14}$C, though the strength of the $^{14}$C ground state is somewhat suppressed because of the cluster (many-body) correlation in the ground states of $^{14}$C and $^{14}$N.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures