cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Unconstrained Hamiltonian formulation of low energy QCD
Creators: name: Pavel, Hans-Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a generalized polar decomposition of the gauge fields into gauge-rotation and gauge-invariant parts, which Abelianises the Non-Abelian Gauss-law constraints, an unconstrained Hamiltonian formulation of QCD can be achieved. The exact implementation of the Gauss laws reduces the colored spin-1 gluons and spin-1/2 quarks to unconstrained colorless spin-0, spin-1, spin-2 and spin-3 glueball fields and colorless Rarita-Schwinger fields. The obtained physical Hamiltonian naturally admits a systematic strong-coupling expansion in powers of λ=g^{-2/3}, equivalent to an expansion in the number of spatial derivatives. The leading-order term corresponds to non-interacting hybrid-glueballs, whose low-lying spectrum can be calculated with high accuracy by solving the Schrödinger-equation of the Dirac-Yang-Mills quantum mechanics of spatially constant fields (at the moment only for the 2-color case). The discrete glueball excitation spectrum shows a universal string-like behaviour with practically all excitation energy going in to the increase of the strengths of merely two fields, the "constant Abelian fields" corresponding to the zero-energy valleys of the chromomagnetic potential. Inclusion of the fermionic degrees of freedom significantly lowers the spectrum and allows for the study of the sigma meson. Higher-order terms in λlead to interactions between the hybrid-glueballs and can be taken into account systematically using perturbation theory, allowing for the study of IR-renormalisation and Lorentz invariance. The existence of the generalized polar decomposition used, the position of the zeros of the corresponding Jacobian (Gribov horizons), and the ranges of the physical variables can be investigated by solving a system of algebraic equations. It is exactly solvable for 1 spatial dimension and several numerical solutions can be found for 2 and 3 spatial dimensions.
description: Contribution to the Proceedings of the "International Conference on New Frontiers in Physics 2013" Kolymbari, Crete, Greece, 28.8.-5.9.2013. 10 pages, 3 figures
Rational solutions from Padé approximants for the generalized Hunter-Saxton equation
Creators: name: Aratyn, H.
name: Gomes, J. F.
name: Ruy, D. V.
name: Zimerman, A. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exact rational solutions of the generalized Hunter-Saxton equation are obtained using Padé approximant approach for the traveling-wave and self-similarity reduction. A larger class of algebraic solutions are also obtained by extending a range of parameters within the solutions obtained by this approach.
description: conference proceedings of XXIst International Conference on Integrable Systems and Quantum Symmetries (ISQS21)
Universal fluctuations in the growth of semiconductor thin films
Creators: name: Almeida, R. A. L.
name: Ferreira, S. O.
name: Oliveira, T. J.
name: Reis, F. D. A. Aarao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scaling of surface fluctuations of polycrystalline CdTe/Si(100) films grown by hot wall epitaxy are studied. The growth exponent of surface roughness and the dynamic exponent of the auto-correlation function in the mound growth regime agree with the values of the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) class. The scaled distributions of heights, local roughness, and extremal heights show remarkable collapse with those of the KPZ class, giving the first experimental observation of KPZ distributions in $2+1$ dimensions. Deviations from KPZ values in the long-time estimates of dynamic and roughness exponents are explained by spurious effects of multi-peaked coalescing mounds and by effects of grain shapes. Thus, this scheme for investigating universality classes of growing films advances over the simple comparison of scaling exponents.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Probing neutron-skin thickness with total reaction cross sections
Creators: name: Horiuchi, W.
name: Suzuki, Y.
name: Inakura, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze total reaction cross sections, $σ_R$, for exploring their sensitivity to the neutron-skin thickness of nuclei. We cover 91 nuclei of O, Ne, Mg, Si, S, Ca, and Ni isotopes. The cross sections are calculated in the Glauber theory using the density distributions obtained with the Skyrme-Hartree-Fock method in 3-dimensional coordinate space. Defining a reaction radius, $a_R=\sqrt{σ_R/π}$, to characterize the nuclear size and target (proton or $^{12}$C) dependence, we find an empirical formula for expressing $a_R$ with the point matter radius and the skin thickness, and assess two practical ways of determining the skin thickness from proton-nucleus $σ_R$ values measured at different energies or from $σ_R$ values measured for different targets.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. C
High-efficiency and fast photon-number resolving parallel superconducting nanowire single-photon detector
Creators: name: Stasi, Lorenzo
name: Gras, Gaëtan
name: Berrazouane, Riad
name: Perrenoud, Matthieu
name: Zbinden, Hugo
name: Bussières, Félix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photon-number resolving (PNR) single-photon detectors are an enabling technology in many areas such as photonic quantum computing, non-classical light source characterisation and quantum imaging. Here, we demonstrate high-efficiency PNR detectors using a parallel superconducting nanowire single-photon detector (P-SNSPD) architecture that does not suffer from crosstalk between the pixels and that is free of latching. The behavior of the detector is modelled and used to predict the possible outcomes given a certain number of incoming photons. We apply our model to a 4-pixel P-SNSPD with a system detection efficiency of 92.5%. We also demonstrate how this detector allows reconstructing the photon-number statistics of a coherent source of light, which paves the way towards the characterisation of the photon statistics of other types of light source using a single detector.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
title: Bemessung von Betonfertigteilen mit vorgespannter Bewehrung aus Faserverbundkunststoff : Entwicklung eines Bemessungskonzeptes unter Berücksichtigung wirklichkeitsnaher Bauteilverformungen
Creators: name: Hiesch, Dominik
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2023

description: Vor dem Hintergrund des ressourcenschonenden und dauerhaften Bauens stellen Bewehrungen aus Faserverbundkunststoffen (FVK) aufgrund ihrer großen Zugfestigkeit und ausgeprägten Korrosionsresistenz eine Alternative gegenüber Betonstahl dar. Aufgrund der im Allgemeinen geringeren Steifigkeit und der Sprödheit der FVK-Bewehrung wird die Bemessung dabei maßgeblich durch das Verformungsverhalten der Bauteile beeinflusst, da unter Gebrauchslasten größere Verformungen auftreten und bei Erreichen der Traglast die Gefahr eines unangekündigten Versagens bestehen kann. In diesem Kontext stellen das Vorspannen der FVK-Bewehrung sowie der explizite Nachweis der Bauteilverformungen in beiden Grenzzuständen vielversprechende Lösungsansätze dar. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden theoretische und experimentelle Untersuchungen zum Trag- und Verformungsverhalten von Betonbauteilen mit vorgespannter FVK-Bewehrung unter Kurzzeit- und statischer Dauerbeanspruchung präsentiert. Auf Grundlage dessen wird ein nichtlineares Berechnungsmodell zur Ermittlung der wirklichkeitsnahen Bauteilverformungen hergeleitet und mithilfe einer umfangreichen Versuchsdatenbank validiert. Zudem wird ein Nachweiskonzept der Bauteilverformungen vorgestellt, welches neben der Verformungsbegrenzung unter Gebrauchslasten ebenfalls den Nachweis einer Mindestverformung im Grenzzustand der Tragfähigkeit vorsieht, um eine ausreichende Versagensvorankündigung sicherzustellen. Abschließend wird auf Grundlage aller Ergebnisse ein anwendungsorientiertes Bemessungskonzept entwickelt, welches eine zuverlässige Bemessung von Betonfertigteilen mit vorgespannter FVK-Bewehrung ermöglicht.
A Spectral Study of the Second-Order Exceptional $X_1$-Jacobi Differential Expression and a Related Non-classical Jacobi Differential Expression
Creators: name: Liaw, Constanze
name: Littlejohn, Lance L.
name: Stewart, Jessica
name: Wicks, Quinn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 33C65, 34B20, 47B25, Secondary 34B20, 47B25

description: The exceptional $X_{1}$-Jacobi differential expression is a second-order ordinary differential expression with rational coefficients; it was discovered by Gómez-Ullate, Kamran and Milson in 2009. In their work, they showed that there is a sequence of polynomial eigenfunctions $\left\{\widehat{P} _{n}^{(α,β)}\right\}_{n=1}^{\infty}$ called the exceptional $X_{1}$-Jacobi polynomials. There is no exceptional $X_{1}$-Jacobi polynomial of degree zero. These polynomials form a complete orthogonal set in the weighted Hilbert space $L^{2}((-1,1);\widehat{w}_{α,β}),$ where $\widehat{w}_{α,β}$ is a positive rational weight function related to the classical Jacobi weight. Among other conditions placed on the parameters $α$ and $β,$ it is required that $α,β>0.$ In this paper, we develop the spectral theory of this expression in $L^{2}((-1,1);\widehat{w}_{α,β})$. We also consider the spectral analysis of the `extreme' non-exceptional case, namely when $α=0$. In this case, the polynomial solutions are the non-classical Jacobi polynomials $\left\{ P_{n}^{(-2,β)}\right\} _{n=2}^{\infty}.$ We study the corresponding Jacobi differential expression in several Hilbert spaces, including their natural $L^{2}$ setting and a certain Sobolev space $S$ where the full sequence $\left\{ P_{n}^{(-2,β)}\right\} _{n=0}^{\infty}$ is studied and a careful spectral analysis of the Jacobi expression is carried out.
description: 26 pages
Distances in $\frac{1}{|x-y|^{2d}}$ percolation models for all dimensions
Creators: name: Bäumler, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 05C12, 60K35, 82B27, 82B43

description: We study independent long-range percolation on $\mathbb{Z}^d$ for all dimensions $d$, where the vertices $u$ and $v$ are connected with probability 1 for $\|u-v\|_\infty=1$ and with probability $p(β,\{u,v\})=1-e^{-β\int_{u+\left[0,1\right)^d} \int_{v+\left[0,1\right)^d} \frac{1}{\|x-y\|_2^{2d}}d x d y } \approx \fracβ{\|u-v\|_2^{2d}}$ for $\|u-v\|_\infty \geq 2$. Let $u \in \mathbb{Z}^d$ be a point with $\|u\|_\infty=n$. We show that both the graph distance $D(\mathbf{0},u)$ between the origin $\mathbf{0}$ and $u$ and the diameter of the box $\{0 ,\ldots, n\}^d$ grow like $n^{θ(β)}$, where $0<θ(β) < 1$. We also show that the graph distance and the diameter of boxes have the same asymptotic growth when two vertices $u,v$ with $\|u-v\|_2 > 1$ are connected with a probability that is close enough to $p(β,\{u,v\})$. Furthermore, we determine the asymptotic behavior of $θ(β)$ for large $β$, and we discuss the tail behavior of $\frac{D(\mathbf{0},u)}{\|u\|_2^{θ(β)}}$.
description: 70 pages, 9 figures
Hadron and Quarkmonium Exotica
Creators: name: Choi, Sookyung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A number of charmonium-(bottmonium-)like states have been observed in $B$-factory experiments. Recently the BESIII experiment has joined this search with a unique data sample collected at the different center of mass energies ranging from 3.9 GeV to 4.42 GeV in which they found new charmonium-like states with non-zero electric charge. We review the status of experimental searchs for quarkomonium-like states and also other types of non-$q\bar{q}$ meson or non-$qqq$ baryons that are predicted by QCD-motivated models. We mainly focus on results from the $B$-factories and BESIII.
description: 12 pages, PIC2013 Conference proceedings
2013 Update of the discoveries of nuclides
Creators: name: Thoennessen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 2013 update of the discovery of nuclide project is presented. Details of the 12 new nuclides observed for the first time in 2013 are described. In addition, the discovery of 266Db has been included and the previous assignments of 6 other nuclides were changed. Overview tables of where and how nuclides were discovered have also been updated and are discussed.
description: Accepted for publication in IJMPE
Critical scalarization and descalarization of black holes in a generalized scalar-tensor theory
Creators: name: Liu, Yunqi
name: Zhang, Cheng-Yong
name: Chen, Qian
name: Cao, Zhoujian
name: Tian, Yu
name: Wang, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the critical dynamics in the scalarization and descalarization in the fully nonlinear dynamical evolution in a general theory with scalar field coupling with both Gauss-Bonnet invariant and Ricci scalar. We explore how the Gauss-Bonnet term triggers the black hole scalarization. A typical type I critical phenomenon is observed, where an unstable critical solution emerges at the threshold and acts as an attractor in the dynamical scalarization. In the descalarization, a marginally stable attractor exists at the threshold of the first order phase transition in shedding off black hole hair. This is a new type I critical phenomenon in the black hole phase transition. Implications of these findings are discussed from the perspective of thermodynamic properties and perturbations for static solutions. We examine the effect of scalar-Ricci coupling on the hyperbolicity in the fully nonlinear evolution and find that such coupling can suppress the elliptic region and enlarge parameter space in computations.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
Forensic Dental Age Estimation Using Modified Deep Learning Neural Network
Creators: name: Atas, Isa
name: Ozdemir, Cuneyt
name: Atas, Musa
name: Dogan, Yahya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Dental age is one of the most reliable methods to identify an individual's age. By using dental panoramic radiography (DPR) images, physicians and pathologists in forensic sciences try to establish the chronological age of individuals with no valid legal records or registered patients. The current methods in practice demand intensive labor, time, and qualified experts. The development of deep learning algorithms in the field of medical image processing has improved the sensitivity of predicting truth values while reducing the processing speed of imaging time. This study proposed an automated approach to estimate the forensic ages of individuals ranging in age from 8 to 68 using 1,332 DPR images. Initially, experimental analyses were performed with the transfer learning-based models, including InceptionV3, DenseNet201, EfficientNetB4, MobileNetV2, VGG16, and ResNet50V2; and accordingly, the best-performing model, InceptionV3, was modified, and a new neural network model was developed. Reducing the number of the parameters already available in the developed model architecture resulted in a faster and more accurate dental age estimation. The performance metrics of the results attained were as follows: mean absolute error (MAE) was 3.13, root mean square error (RMSE) was 4.77, and correlation coefficient R$^2$ was 87%. It is conceivable to propose the new model as potentially dependable and practical ancillary equipment in forensic sciences and dental medicine.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables
Bounce Universe Induced by an Inhomogeneous Dark Fluid Coupled with Dark Matter
Creators: name: Brevik, I.
name: Obukhov, V. V.
name: Timoshkin, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate cosmological models with a linear inhomogeneous time-dependent equation of state for the dark energy, coupled with dark matter, leading to a bounce cosmology. Equivalent descriptions in terms of the equation-of-state parameters for an exponential, a power-law, or a double exponential form of the scale factor $a$ is obtained. The stability of the solutions is explored, by considering small perturbations around the critical points for the bounce in the early and in the late-time universe.
description: 13 pages latex, no figures; to appear in Mod. Phys. Lett. A
On possible origin of an anisotropy in the speed of light in vacuum
Creators: name: Savelova, E. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We assume the spacetime foam picture in which vacuum is filled with virtual wormholes. In the presence of an external field the distribution of wormholes changes. We consider an anisotropic distribution of wormholes and analyze its relation to the speed of light. We show that speed of light acquires an anisotropic character and save the normal dispersion a gas of virtual wormholes may possess also an anomalous dispersion, i.e., when the light velocity exceeds that in the vacuum.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1204.0351
Quantifying the temporal stability of international fertilizer trade networks
Creators: name: Li, Mu-Yao
name: Wang, Li
name: Xie, Wen-Jie
name: Zhou, Wei-Xing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The importance of fertilizers to agricultural production is undeniable, and most economies rely on international trade for fertilizer use. The stability of fertilizer trade networks is fundamental to food security. We use three valid methods to measure the temporal stability of the overall network and different functional sub-networks of the three fertilizer nutrients N, P and K from 1990 to 2018. The international N, P and K trade systems all have a trend of increasing stability with the process of globalization. The large-weight sub-network has relatively high stability, but is more likely to be impacted by extreme events. The small-weight sub-network is less stable, but has a strong self-healing ability and is less affected by shocks. Overall, all the three fertilizer trade networks exhibit a stable core with restorable periphery. The overall network stability of the three fertilizers is close, but the K trade has a significantly higher stability in the core part, and the N trade is the most stable in the non-core part.
description: 13 pages including 6 figures
On the stable Conley index in Hilbert spaces
Creators: name: Khandhawit, Tirasan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we study Conley theory in Hilbert spaces and make some refinement of the construction of the stable Conley index developed by Gȩba, Izydorek, and Pruszko. For instance, we allow subspaces other than invariant subspaces in the the construction. As a main result, we show that the resulting stable Conley index for a given isolating neighborhood of a flow does not depend on choices in the construction. We also hope that some results can be applied to the construction of Floer homotopy type.
description: 16 pages
Probing neutrino interactions and dark radiation with gravitational waves
Creators: name: Loverde, Marilena
name: Weiner, Zachary J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After their generation, cosmological backgrounds of gravitational waves propagate nearly freely but for the expansion of the Universe and the anisotropic stress of free-streaming particles. Primordial signals -- both that from inflation and the infrared spectrum associated to subhorizon production mechanisms -- would carry clean information about the cosmological history of these effects. We study the modulation of the standard damping of gravitational waves by free-streaming radiation due to the decoupling (or recoupling) of interactions. We focus on nonstandard neutrino interactions in effect after the decoupling of weak interactions as well as more general scenarios in the early Universe involving other light relics. We develop semianalytic results in fully free-streaming scenarios to provide intuition for numerical results that incorporate interaction rates with a variety of temerpature dependencies. Finally, we compute the imprint of neutrino interactions on the $B$-mode polarization of the cosmic microwave background, and we comment on other means to infer the presence of such effects at higher frequencies.
description: 33 pages, 8 figures; matches published version
Polish and English wordnets -- statistical analysis of interconnected networks
Creators: name: Bujok, Maksymilian
name: Fronczak, Piotr
name: Fronczak, Agata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wordnets are semantic networks containing nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs organized according to linguistic principles, by means of semantic relations. In this work, we adopt a complex network perspective to perform a comparative analysis of the English and Polish wordnets. We determine their similarities and show that the networks exhibit some of the typical characteristics observed in other real-world networks. We analyse interlingual relations between both wordnets and deliberate over the problem of mapping the Polish lexicon onto the English one.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, Presented at Summer Solstice 2013 Conference on Discrete Models of Complex Systems, Warsaw, Poland
Beurling densities of regular maximal orthogonal sets of self-similar spectral measure with consecutive digit sets
Creators: name: Wu, Yu-Liang
name: Wu, Zhi-Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 28A80, 42C05

description: Beurling density plays a key role in the study of frame-spectrality of normalized Lebesgue measure restricted to a set. Accordingly, in this paper, the authors study the $s$-Beurling densities of regular maximal orthogonal sets of a class of self-similar spectral measures, where $s$ is the Hausdorff dimension of its support and obtain their exact upper bound of the densities.
Multifunctional Magnetoelectric Materials for Device Applications
Creators: name: Ortega, N.
name: Kumar, Ashok
name: Scott, J. F.
name: Katiyar, Ram S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mutiferroics are a novel class of next generation multifunctional materials, which display simultaneous magnetic spin, electric dipole, and ferroelastic ordering, and have drawn increasing interest due to their multi-functionality for a variety of device applications. Since single-phase materials exist rarely in nature with such cross-coupling properties, an intensive research activity is being pursued towards the discovery of new single-phase multiferroic materials and the design of new engineered materials with strong magneto-electric (ME) coupling. This review article summarizes the development of different kinds of multiferroic material: single-phase and composite ceramic, laminated composite, and nanostructured thin films. Thin-film nanostructures have higher magnitude direct ME coupling values and clear evidence of indirect ME coupling compared with bulk materials. Promising ME coupling coefficients have been reported in laminated composite materials in which signal to noise ratio is good for device fabrication. We describe the possible applications of these materials.
SecDDR: Enabling Low-Cost Secure Memories by Protecting the DDR Interface
Creators: name: Fakhrzadehgan, Ali
name: Ramrakhyani, Prakash
name: Qureshi, Moinuddin K.
name: Erez, Mattan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The security goals of cloud providers and users include memory confidentiality and integrity, which requires implementing Replay-Attack protection (RAP). RAP can be achieved using integrity trees or mutually authenticated channels. Integrity trees incur significant performance overheads and are impractical for protecting large memories. Mutually authenticated channels have been proposed only for packetized memory interfaces that address only a very small niche domain and require fundamental changes to memory system architecture. We propose SecDDR, a low-cost RAP that targets direct-attached memories, like DDRx. SecDDR avoids memory-side data authentication, and thus, only adds a small amount of logic to memory components and does not change the underlying DDR protocol, making it practical for widespread adoption. In contrast to prior mutual authentication proposals, which require trusting the entire memory module, SecDDR targets untrusted modules by placing its limited security logic on the DRAM die (or package) of the ECC chip. Our evaluation shows that SecDDR performs within 1% of an encryption-only memory without RAP and that SecDDR provides 18.8% and 7.8% average performance improvements (up to 190.4% and 24.8%) relative to a 64-ary integrity tree and an authenticated channel, respectively.
Development of Integral Field Spectrographs to Revolutionize Spectroscopic Observations of Solar Flares and other Energetic Solar Eruptions
Creators: name: Lin, Haosheng
name: Anan, Tetsu
name: Cauzzi, Gianna
name: Fletcher, Lyndsay
name: Huang, Pei
name: Kowalski, Adam
name: Kramar, Maxim
name: Qiu, Jiong
name: Samra, Jenna
name: Spittler, Constance
name: Sukegawa, Takashi
name: Wirth, Gregory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Sun's proximity offers us a unique opportunity to study in detail the physical processes on a star's surface; however, the highly dynamic nature of the stellar surface -- in particular, energetic eruptions such as flares and coronal mass ejections -- presents tremendous observational challenges. Spectroscopy probes the physical state of the solar atmosphere, but conventional scanning spectrographs and spectrometers are unable to capture the full evolutionary history of these dynamic events with a sufficiently wide field of view and high spatial, spectral, and temporal resolution. Resolving the physics of the dynamic sun requires gathering simultaneous spectra across a contiguous area over the full duration of these events, a goal now tantalizingly close to achievable with continued investment in developing powerful new Integral Field Spectrographs to serve as the foundation of both future ground- and space-based missions. This technology promises to revolutionize our ability to study solar flares and CMEs, addressing NASA's strategic objective to "understand the Sun, solar system, and universe." Since such events generate electromagnetic radiation and high-energy particles that disrupt terrestrial electric infrastructure, this investment not only advances humanity's scientific endeavors but also enhances our space weather forecasting capability to protect against threats to our technology-reliant civilization.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, White Paper submitted for 2022 Solar and Space Physics (Heliophysics) Decadal Survey
Clerkship students’ use of a video library for training the mental status examination
Creators: name: Fog-Petersen, Cecilie
name: Borgnakke, Karen
name: Hemmingsen, Ralf
name: Gefke, Maria
name: Arnfred, Sidse
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Aim: Fewer patient encounters and diminished bedside teaching pose a challenge to medical students’ opportunity to learn during clinical clerkships in psychiatry. Videos can be used for close examination of signs and symptoms and to increase engagement and recall. A video library holding recordings of psychiatric patients with mental status examinations were prepared. We explored the students’ use of this library during their clerkships. Methods and materials: The video library was introduced to three rotations of medical students and made accessible on hospital computers. Four students volunteered as key informants and were followed daily throughout the clerkship by the first author, using the ethnographic method of participant observation. At the end of the clerkship, group interviews were conducted with each rotation of students, including the key informants. Twelve students participated in the study. Field notes taken during participant observation and the transcribed interviews were merged in a thematic analysis. Results: The analysis reveals the students’ autonomous and arbitrary use of the video library. Creatively extending the use of the videos, they scheduled their video sessions according to their individual needs. The students furthermore blended experiences gained from the library and in the ward, thus coping in various ways with the shortcomings of the video library. Conclusions: The medical students felt they benefited from the simplified learning situation offered by the video library. Their frequent shortcuts through the videos during sessions highlighted weaknesses in the feedback and reflection processes occasioned by the library.
Schizotypal traits in Swedish speaking psychiatric patients and non-psychiatric controls
Creators: name: Bejerot, Susanne
name: Wallén, Johan
name: Manouilenko, Irina
name: Hesselmark, Eva
name: Elwin, Marie
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology

description: Introduction: Recently, schizotypal personality traits were measured in a multinational sample recruited from 14 countries, however no Scandinavian cohort was included. The aim of this study was, therefore, to measure schizotypal personality traits in Swedish-speaking populations, with and without psychiatric disorders, and to investigate the psychometric properties of the Swedish version of the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire-Brief (SPQ-B). Methods: The SPQ-B results from 50 psychiatric patients were compared to controls (n = 202). An additional sample of 25 controls completed the full SPQ twice and we calculated test-retest reliability for SPQ and SPQ-B. We estimated the internal consistency for SPQ-B and SPQ-B factors with omega. We compared the results of SPQ-B (M and SD) in patient and control groups to corresponding results worldwide. Results: We found similarity between our SPQ-B scores and those from other published samples. SPQ-B showed good internal consistency and acceptable test-retest correlations. The results indicate that the Swedish version of the instrument is valid and can differentiate psychiatric cohorts from non-psychiatric controls. Conclusion: The Swedish version of the SPQ-B exhibit good psychometric properties and is useful for assessing schizotypal traits in clinical and non-clinical populations.
Turbulent metal-silicate mixing, fragmentation, and equilibration in magma oceans
Creators: name: Deguen, Renaud
name: Landeau, Maylis
name: Olson, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Much of the Earth was built by high-energy impacts of planetesimals and embryos, many of these impactors already differentiated, with metallic cores of their own. Geochemical data provide critical information on the timing of accretion and the prevailing physical conditions, but their interpretation depends critically on the degree of metal-silicate chemical equilibration during core-mantle differentiation, which is poorly constrained. Efficient equilibration requires that the large volumes of iron derived from impactor cores mix with molten silicates down to scales small enough to allow fast metal-silicate mass transfer. Here we use fluid dynamics experiments to show that large metal blobs falling in a magma ocean mix with the molten silicate through turbulent entrainment, with fragmentation into droplets eventually resulting from the entrainment process. In our experiments, fragmentation of the dense fluid occurs after falling a distance equal to 3-4 times its initial diameter, at which point a sizable volume of ambient fluid has already been entrained and mixed with the dense falling fluid. Contrary to what has usually been assumed, we demonstrate that fragmentation of the metallic phase into droplets may not be required for efficient equilibration: turbulent mixing, by drastically increasing the metal-silicate interfacial area, may result in fast equilibration even before fragmentation. Efficient re-equilibration is predicted for impactors of size small compared to the magma ocean depth. In contrast, a much smaller re-equilibration degree is predicted in the case of large impacts for which the impactor core diameter approaches the magma ocean thickness.
description: 27 pages, 9 figures. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 2014
Incremental Permutation Feature Importance (iPFI): Towards Online Explanations on Data Streams
Creators: name: Fumagalli, Fabian
name: Muschalik, Maximilian
name: Hüllermeier, Eyke
name: Hammer, Barbara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) has mainly focused on static learning scenarios so far. We are interested in dynamic scenarios where data is sampled progressively, and learning is done in an incremental rather than a batch mode. We seek efficient incremental algorithms for computing feature importance (FI) measures, specifically, an incremental FI measure based on feature marginalization of absent features similar to permutation feature importance (PFI). We propose an efficient, model-agnostic algorithm called iPFI to estimate this measure incrementally and under dynamic modeling conditions including concept drift. We prove theoretical guarantees on the approximation quality in terms of expectation and variance. To validate our theoretical findings and the efficacy of our approaches compared to traditional batch PFI, we conduct multiple experimental studies on benchmark data with and without concept drift.
The Low-High-Low Trend of Type III Radio Burst Starting Frequencies and Solar Flare Hard X-rays
Creators: name: Reid, Hamish A. S.
name: Vilmer, Nicole
name: Kontar, Eduard P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using simultaneous X-ray and radio observations from solar flares, we investigate the link between the type III radio burst starting frequency and hard X-ray spectral index. For a proportion of events the relation derived between the starting height (frequency) of type III radio bursts and the electron beam velocity spectral index (deduced from X-rays) is used to infer the spatial properties (height and size) of the electron beam acceleration region. Both quantities can be related to the distance travelled before an electron beam becomes unstable to Langmuir waves. To obtain a list of suitable events we considered the RHESSI catalogue of X-ray flares and the Phoenix 2 catalogue of type III radio bursts. From the 200 events that showed both type III and X-ray signatures, we selected 30 events which had simultaneous emission in both wavelengths, good signal to noise in the X-ray domain and > 20 seconds duration. We find that > 50 % of the selected events show a good correlation between the starting frequencies of the groups of type III bursts and the hard X-ray spectral indices. A low-high-low trend for the starting frequency of type III bursts is frequently observed. Assuming a background electron density model and the thick target approximation for X-ray observations, this leads to a correlation between starting heights of the type III emission and the beam electron spectral index. Using this correlation we infer the altitude and vertical extents of the flare acceleration regions. We find heights from 183 Mm down to 25 Mm while the sizes range from 13 Mm to 2 Mm. These values agree with previous work that places an extended flare acceleration region high in the corona. We analyse the assumptions required and explore possible extensions to our assumed model. We discuss these results with respect to the acceleration heights and sizes derived from X-ray observations alone.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, Accepted to Astronomy and Astrophysics
Quantum frequency conversion and single-photon detection with lithium niobate nanophotonic chips
Creators: name: Wang, Xina
name: Jiao, Xufeng
name: Wang, Bin
name: Liu, Yang
name: Xie, Xiu-Ping
name: Zheng, Ming-Yang
name: Zhang, Qiang
name: Pan, Jian-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the past few years, the lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) platform has revolutionized lithium niobate materials, and a series of quantum photonic chips based on LNOI have shown unprecedented performances. Quantum frequency conversion (QFC) photonic chips, which enable quantum state preservation during frequency tuning, are crucial in quantum technology. In this work, we demonstrate a low-noise QFC process on an LNOI nanophotonic platform designed to connect telecom and near-visible bands with sum-frequency generation by long-wavelength pumping. An internal conversion efficiency of 73% and an on-chip noise count rate of 900 counts per second (cps) are achieved. Moreover, the on-chip preservation of quantum statistical properties is verified, showing that the QFC chip is promising for extensive applications of LNOI integrated circuits in quantum information. Based on the QFC chip, we construct an upconversion single-photon detector with the sum-frequency output spectrally filtered and detected by a silicon single-photon avalanche photodiode, demonstrating the feasibility of an upconversion single-photon detector on-chip with a detection efficiency of 8.7% and a noise count rate of 300 cps. The realization of a low-noise QFC device paves the way for practical chip-scale QFC-based quantum systems in heterogeneous configurations.
description: 8pages, 6 figures, 1 table
A single quantum dot as an optical thermometer for mK temperatures
Creators: name: Haupt, Florian
name: Imamoglu, Atac
name: Kroner, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Resonant laser spectroscopy of a negatively charged self-assembled quantum dot is utilized to measure the temperature of a three dimensional fermionic reservoir down to 100mK. With a magnetic field applied to the quantum dot the single charged ground state is split by the Zeeman energy. As the quantum dot is in tunnel contact with a thermal electron reservoir, a thermal occupation of the quantum dot spin states is enforced by co-tunneling processes. Resonant laser induced fluorescence is used in order to measure the thermal quantum dot spin state population.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Searching for axion dark matter with MeerKAT Radio Telescope
Creators: name: Zhou, Yun-Fan
name: Houston, Nick
name: Jozsa, Gyula I. G.
name: Chen, Hao
name: Ma, Yin-Zhe
name: Yuan, Qiang
name: An, Tao
name: Chandola, Yogesh
name: Ding, Ran
name: Du, Fujun
name: Guo, Shao-Guang
name: Huang, Xiaoyuan
name: Li, Mengtian
name: Sengupta, Chandreyee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Axions provide a natural and well-motivated dark matter candidate, with the capability to convert directly to photons in the presence of an electromagnetic field. A particularly compelling observational target is the conversion of dark matter axions into photons in the magnetospheres of highly magnetised neutron stars, which is expected to produce a narrow spectral peak centred at the frequency of the axion mass. We point the MeerKAT radio telescope towards the isolated neutron star J0806.4$-$4123 for $10$-hours of observation and obtain the radio spectra in the frequency range $769$-$1051$ MHz. By modelling the conversion process of infalling axion dark matter (DM), we then compare these spectra to theoretical expectations for a given choice of axion parameters. Whilst finding no signal above $5σ$ in the data, we provide a unique constraint on the Primakoff coupling of axion DM, $g_{{\rm a}γγ}\lesssim 9.3 \times 10^{-12}\,{\rm GeV}^{-1}$ at the $95\%$ confidence level, in the mass range $3.18$-$4.35\,μ$eV. This result serves the strongest constraint in the axion mass range $4.20$-$4.35\,μ$eV.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, accepted by Physical Review D
Enhanced Visible Light Photocatalytic Activity for TiO2 Nanotube Array Films by Codoping with Tungsten and Nitrogen
Creators: name: Zhang, Min
name: Wu, Juan
name: Lu, DanDan
name: Yang, Jianjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A series of W, N codoped TiO2 nanotube arrays with different dopant contents were fabricated by anodizing in association with hydrothermal treatment. The samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and ultraviolet-visible light diffuse reflection spectroscopy. Moreover, the photocatalytic activity of W and N codoped TiO2 nanotube arrays was evaluated by degradation of methylene blue under visible light irradiation.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Universal Scaling of the Dynamic BKT Transition in Quenched 2D Bose Gases
Creators: name: Sunami, Shinichi
name: Singh, Vijay P.
name: Garrick, David
name: Beregi, Abel
name: Barker, Adam J.
name: Luksch, Kathrin
name: Bentine, Elliot
name: Mathey, Ludwig
name: Foot, Christopher J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While renormalization group theory is a fully established method to capture equilibrium phase transitions, the applicability of RG theory to universal non-equilibrium behavior remains elusive. Here we address this question by measuring the non-equilibrium dynamics triggered by a quench from superfluid to thermal phase across the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in a 2D Bose gas. We quench the system by splitting the 2D gas in two and probe the relaxation dynamics by measuring the phase correlation function and vortex density via matter-wave interferometry. The dynamics occur via a two-step process of rapid phonon thermalization followed by slow dynamic vortex unbinding. We demonstrate universal scaling laws for the algebraic exponents and vortex density, supported by classical-field simulations, and show their agreement with the real-time RG theory.
Presentation: Sustainable Development On Indonesian Bank: Environmental Risk Assessment As An Integral Part Of Bank Financing.
Creators: name: Agastyo Djanardono Basoeki
name: Herdiansyah, Herdis
name: Yuki. M Aditya Wardhana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: This material presented in 2nd ICESE 2020
Credible Decentralized Exchange Design via Verifiable Sequencing Rules
Creators: name: Ferreira, Matheus V. X.
name: Parkes, David C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Theoretical Economics (econ.TH)
subject: Trading and Market Microstructure (q-fin.TR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Trading on decentralized exchanges has been one of the primary use cases for permissionless blockchains with daily trading volume exceeding billions of U.S.~dollars. In the status quo, users broadcast transactions and miners are responsible for composing a block of transactions and picking an execution ordering -- the order in which transactions execute in the exchange. Due to the lack of a regulatory framework, it is common to observe miners exploiting their privileged position by front-running transactions and obtaining risk-fee profits. In this work, we propose to modify the interaction between miners and users and initiate the study of {\em verifiable sequencing rules}. As in the status quo, miners can determine the content of a block; however, they commit to respecting a sequencing rule that constrains the execution ordering and is verifiable (there is a polynomial time algorithm that can verify if the execution ordering satisfies such constraints). Thus in the event a miner deviates from the sequencing rule, anyone can generate a proof of non-compliance. We ask if there are sequencing rules that limit price manipulation from miners in a two-token liquidity pool exchange. Our first result is an impossibility theorem: for any sequencing rule, there is an instance of user transactions where the miner can obtain non-zero risk-free profits. In light of this impossibility result, our main result is a verifiable sequencing rule that provides execution price guarantees for users. In particular, for any user transaction A, it ensures that either (1) the execution price of A is at least as good as if A was the only transaction in the block, or (2) the execution price of A is worse than this ``standalone'' price and the miner does not gain (or lose) when including A in the block.
description: 34 Pages, 55th ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing (STOC 2023)