cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Geospatial and co-occurrence analysis of antibiotics, hormones, and UV filters in the Chesapeake Bay (USA) to confirm inputs from wastewater treatment plants, septic systems, and animal feeding operations
Creators: name: Hain, Ethan
name: He, Ke
name: Batista-Andrade, Jahir A.
name: Feerick, Anna
name: Tarnowski, Mitchell
name: Timm, Anne
name: Blaney, Lee
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2023
Subjects: Endocrine disrupting chemical
Micropollutant
Pharmaceuticals and personal care products
Risk assessment
Septic system
Wastewater

description: Previous studies have reported select contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in limited areas of the Chesapeake Bay (USA), but no comprehensive efforts have been conducted. In this work, 43 antibiotics, 9 hormones, 11 UV filters, and sucralose, were measured in matched water, sediment, and oyster samples from 58 sites. The highest sucralose concentration was 3051 ng L-1 in a subwatershed with 4.43 million liters of wastewater effluent per day (MLD) and 4385 septic systems. Although antibiotic occurrence was generally low in subwatersheds located in less populated areas, 102 ng L-1 ciprofloxacin was detected downstream of 0.58 MLD wastewater effluent and 10 animal feeding operations. Hormones were not regularly detected in water (2%) or oysters (37%), but the high detection frequencies in sediment (74%) were associated with septic systems. UV filters were ubiquitously detected in oysters, and octisalate exhibited the highest concentration (423 ng g-1). Oyster-phase oxybenzone and aqueous-phase sucralose concentrations were significantly correlated to wastewater effluent and septic systems, respectively. Toxicity outcomes were predicted for homosalate and octisalate throughout the Bay, and antimicrobial resistance concerns were noted for the Chester River. The geospatial and co-occurrence relationships constitute crucial advances to understanding CEC occurrence in the Chesapeake Bay and elsewhere.
Acoustic Rabi oscillations between gravitational quantum states and impact on symmetron dark energy
Creators: name: Cronenberg, Gunther
name: Brax, Philippe
name: Filter, Hanno
name: Geltenbort, Peter
name: Jenke, Tobias
name: Pignol, Guillaume
name: Pitschmann, Mario
name: Thalhammer, Martin
name: Abele, Hartmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The standard model of cosmology provides a robust description of the evolution of the universe. Nevertheless, the small magnitude of the vacuum energy is troubling from a theoretical point of view. An appealing resolution to this problem is to introduce additional scalar fields. However, these have so far escaped experimental detection, suggesting some kind of screening mechanism may be at play. Although extensive exclusion regions in parameter space have been established for one screening candidate - chameleon fields - another natural screening mechanism based on spontaneous symmetry breaking has also been proposed, in the form of symmetrons 11. Such fields would change the energy of quantum states of ultra-cold neutrons in the gravitational potential of the earth. Here we demonstrate a spectroscopic approach based on the Rabi resonance method that probes these quantum states with a resolution of E=2 x 10^(-15) eV. This allows us to exclude the symmetron as the origin of Dark Energy for a large volume of the three-dimensional parameter space.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
Vacuum structure of CP^N sigma models at theta=pi
Creators: name: Asorey, M.
name: Falceto, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that parity symmetry is not spontaneously broken in the CP^N sigma model for any value of N when the coefficient of the $θ$--term becomes $θ=π$ (mod $2π$). The result follows from a non-perturbative analysis of the nodal structure of the vacuum functional $ψ_0(z)$. The dynamical role of sphalerons turns out to be very important for the argument. The result introduces severe constraints on the possible critical behavior of the models at $θ=π$ (mod $2π$).
description: 8 pages, revtex, to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
Lie Algebras and Growth in Branch Groups
Creators: name: Bartholdi, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F40; 20F14; 17B70; 16B90; 20E08

description: We compute the structure of the Lie algebras associated to two examples of branch groups, and show that one has finite width while the other, the ``Gupta-Sidki group'', has unbounded width. This answers a question by Sidki. More precisely, the Lie algebra of the Gupta-Sidki group has Gelfand-Kirillov dimension $\log3/\log(1+\sqrt2)$. We then draw a general result relating the growth of a branch group, of its Lie algebra, of its graded group ring, and of a natural homogeneous space we call "parabolic space", namely the quotient of the group by the stabilizer of an infinite ray. The growth of the group is bounded from below by the growth of its graded group ring, which connects to the growth of the Lie algebra by a product-sum formula, and the growth of the parabolic space is bounded from below by the growth of the Lie algebra. Finally we use this information to explicitly describe the normal subgroups of the "Grigorchuk group". All normal subgroups are characteristic, and the number of normal subgroups of index $2^n$ is odd and is asymptotically $n^{\log_2(3)}$.
Optimized local modes for lattice dynamical applications
Creators: name: Iniguez, Jorge
name: Garcia, Alberto
name: Perez-Mato, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new scheme for the construction of highly localized lattice Wannier functions. The approach is based on a heuristic criterion for localization and takes the symmetry constraints into account from the start. We compare the local modes thus obtained with those generated by other schemes and find that they also provide a better description of the relevant vibrational subspace.
description: 6 pages, ReVTeX, plus four postscript files for figures
The symmetry problem in NaV2O5
Creators: name: Damascelli, A.
name: van der Marel, D.
name: Jegoudez, J.
name: Dhalenne, G.
name: Revcolevschi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the symmetry of NaV2O5 in the high temperature phase on the basis of optical conductivity data. Conclusive information cannot be obtained by studying the optically allowed lattice vibrations. However, intensity and polarization of the electronic excitations give a direct indication for a broken-parity electronic ground-state. This is responsible for the detection of charged bi-magnons in the optical spectrum.
description: Revtex, 2 pages, 1 postscript picture embedded in the text
Characteristics of long-lived persistent spectral holes in $Eu^{3+}:Y_{2}SiO_{5}$ at $1.2~K$
Creators: name: Oswald, René
name: Hansen, Michael
name: Wiens, Eugen
name: Nevsky, Alexander Yu.
name: Schiller, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Properties of persistent spectral holes (SHs) relevant for frequency metrology have been investigated in the system $Eu^{3+}:Y_{2}SiO_{5}$ (0.5%) at crystallographic site 1 and a temperature of $1.2$ Kelvin. Hole linewidths as small as $0.6~kHz$ have been reliably achieved. The theoretically predicted $T^4$-dependence of the frequency shift with temperature has been confirmed with high precision. The thermal hysteresis of the SH frequency between $1.15~K$ and $4.1~K$ was measured to be less than $6\cdot10^{-3}$ fractionally. After initially burning a large ensemble of SHs, their properties were studied on long time scales by probing different subsets at different times. SHs could still be observed 49 days after burning if not interrogated in the meantime. During this time, the SH linewidth increased from $4$ to $5.5~kHz$, and the absorption contrast decreased from 35% to 15%. During a 14-day interval the absolute optical frequencies of previously unperturbed spectral holes were measured with respect to a GPS-monitored active H-maser, using a femtosecond frequency comb. The fractional frequency drift rate exhibited an upper limit of $2.3\cdot10^{-19} s^{-1}$, 65 times smaller than the most stringent previous limit.
description: 23 pages, 10 figures
Clarisia racemosa Ruiz & Pav.
Creators: name: Molino, Jean-François
name: Sabatier, Daniel
name: Grenand, Pierre
name: Engel, Julien
name: Frame, Dawn
name: Delprete, Piero G.
name: Fleury, Marie
name: Odonne, Guillaume
name: Davy, Damien
name: Lucas, Eve J.
name: Martin, Claire A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Rosales
Moraceae
Clarisia
Clarisia racemosa

description: [1155] Clarisia racemosa Ruiz & Pav.
 Syst. Veg. Fl. Peruv. Chil. 1: 255 [late Dec. 1798] (Ruiz & Pavón 1798).
 Soaresia nitida Allemão, Trab. Soc. Vellos.: 72. (Allemão 1851). — Sorocea nitida (Allemão) Warb., Bull. Soc. Bot. France 59 (Mém. 3g): 644 [“1912” publ. 1913] (Warburg 1913). — Clarisia nitida (Allemão) J.F.Macbr., Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 11 (1): 15 (Macbride 1931).
 NOTE. — Hyperdominant in Amazonia (ter Steege et al. 2020).
VERNACULAR NAMES. — Br: guariúba-amarela.
 HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 3 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: D. Sabatier & J.-F. Molino 5012.
INVENTORY DATA (FG). — 2 trees in 1 plot; Fmax <1 %; dbhinv = 25.6 cm.
description: Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 585, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777
Theory of Diluted Magnetic Semiconductor Ferromagnetism
Creators: name: König, Jürgen
name: Lin, Hsiu-Hau
name: MacDonald, Allan H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theory of carrier-induced ferromagnetism in diluted magnetic semiconductors (III_{1-x} Mn_x V) which allows for arbitrary itinerant-carrier spin polarization and dynamic correlations. Both ingredients are essential in identifying the system's elementary excitations and describing their properties. We find a branch of collective modes, in addition to the spin waves and Stoner continuum which occur in metallic ferromagnets, and predict that the low-temperature spin stiffness is independent of the strength of the exchange coupling between magnetic ions and itinerant carriers. We discuss the temperature dependence of the magnetization and the heat capacity.
Description of the reference and the control‐oriented wind farm models
Creators: name: Doekemeijer, Bart
name: Bossanyi, Ervin
name: Kanev, Stoyan
name: Bot, E.T.G.
name: Elorza, Iker
name: Campagnolo, Filippo
name: Fortes‐Plaza, A
name: Schreiber, J
name: Eguinoa‐Erdozain, Irene
name: Gomez‐Iradi, Sugoi
name: Astrain‐Juangarcia, David
name: Cantero‐Nouqueret, Elena
name: Irigoyen‐Martinez, Uxue
name: Fernandes‐ Correia, Pedro
name: Benito-Cia, Pablo
name: Kern, Stefan
name: Kim, Y
name: Raach, Steffen
name: Knudsen, Torben
name: Schito, Paolo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Multi‐fidelity modeling, wind farm control

description: A key topic of the European CL‐Windcon project, and specifically WP1 of the project, is the accurate modelling of wind turbine and wind farm dynamics at a varying range of fidelities. Hence, this document describes the different numerical models employed throughout the project and presents their arrangement and fidelity classification based on the different capabilities, limitations and complexity of their underlying physics. The description of the four categories selected: steady‐state models, control‐oriented dynamical models, medium‐fidelity simulation models, and high‐fidelity simulation models is included and discussed in the document.
Photoexcitation of a polarization-inverted domain from the charge-ordered ferroelectric ground state of (TMTTF)$_{2}$PF$_{6}$
Creators: name: Yamaguchi, T.
name: Asada, K.
name: Yamakawa, H.
name: Miyamoto, T.
name: Iwano, K.
name: Nakamura, T.
name: Kida, N.
name: Okamoto, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically revealed that a weak photoexcitation achieves the electric polarization-inversion with approximately $18\%$ of all the charges, which was interpreted as a superimposition of multi-exciton states, from the charge-ordered ferroelectric ground state of (TMTTF)$_{2}$PF$_{6}$ at absolute zero temperature. Regarding a relative change of electric polarization ($ΔP/P$), the photoexcitation corresponds to $36\%$, which is much larger than $ΔP/P$ of other typical organic materials. The value of $ΔP/P\sim 36\%$ can be enlarged by a strong photoexcitation. This fact is useful not only for applications of this material and other analogous materials in optical devices but also for researches toward controlling electric polarizations by light, which is one of the recent attracting issues on photoinduced phase transition phenomena. The photoexcitation of $ΔP/P\sim 36\%$ corresponds to the single peak of the optical conductivity in the low-energy region, which was also observed at 10 K. Theoretical calculations are based on a quarter-filled one-dimensional effective model with appropriate parameters and 50 unit cells.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures
Additional file 1 of Hybrid membrane-coated nanosuspensions for multi-modal anti-glioma therapy via drug and antigen delivery
Creators: name: Hao, Wenyan
name: Cui, Yuexin
name: Fan, Yueyue
name: Chen, Mengyu
name: Yang, Guobao
name: Wang, Yuli
name: Yang, Meiyan
name: Li, Zhiping
name: Gong, Wei
name: Yang, Yang
name: Gao, Chunsheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1.Characterization of DNS. (A) X-ray diffraction patterns of different components in the DNS. (B) Scanning of different components in the DNS using differential scanning calorimetry. (C) FTIR spectra of different components in DNS. Fig. S2. Zeta potential of different preparations, as measured using the DLS. Fig. S3. Quantification of total proteins on DNS-[C6&DC]m by BCA assay after incubating different amount of [C6&DC]m to DNS at different membrane-to-DNS weight ratios (w/w). Fig. S4. (A) The membrane protein of the biomimetic nanosuspensions was determined via SDS-PAGE. (B) The protein contents of cancer cell membranes and biomimetic nanosuspensions were determined using the BCA kit. (C) Gray value of membrane-specific proteins ICAM, CD44 (D), MHC I(E), and CD80 (F). Fig. S5 Release profile of free DTX, DNS, and DNS-[C6&DC]m in (A) PBS at pH 7.4, (B) PBS at pH 6.8, or (C)10% FBS at 37 °C. Error bars: mean ± SD (n = 3). Fig. S6 Cell uptake of the biomimetic nanosuspensions by different cancer cells was investigated using CLSM. The intracellular uptake of DNS-[C6&DC]m in B16 (A), HepG2 (B), 4T1 (C), and C6 glioma (D) cells. The nuclei were stained with Hoechst 33258 (blue), and the DNS-[C6&DC]m were labeled with DiI (red) (40× magnification). Fig. S7. The percentage of DCs maturation. (*p <0.05, **p <0.01, ***p <0.001, ns, not significant; n = 6). Fig. S8. The inhibitory effect of cytokines on C6 glioma cells. (*p <0.05, **p <0.01, ***p <0.001, ns, not significant; n= 6). Fig. S9. The inhibitory effect of different DTX-loaded formulations on C6 glioma cells. Error bars: mean ± SD (n = 6).
Critical temperature and Ginzburg-Landau equation for a trapped Fermi gas
Creators: name: Baranov, M. A.
name: Petrov, D. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a superfluid phase transition in a trapped neutral-atom Fermi gas. We consider the case where the critical temperature greatly exceeds the spacing between the trap levels and derive the corresponding Ginzburg-Landau equation. The latter turns out to be analogous to the equation for the condensate wave function in a trapped Bose gas. The analysis of its solution provides us with the value of the critical temperature $T_{c}$ and with the spatial and temperature dependence of the order parameter in the vicinity of the phase transition point.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, REVTeX. The figure improved. Misprints corrected. More discussion added
MPEC 2024-K36 : DAILY ORBIT UPDATE (2024 May 21)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Ficus amazonica Miq.
Creators: name: Molino, Jean-François
name: Sabatier, Daniel
name: Grenand, Pierre
name: Engel, Julien
name: Frame, Dawn
name: Delprete, Piero G.
name: Fleury, Marie
name: Odonne, Guillaume
name: Davy, Damien
name: Lucas, Eve J.
name: Martin, Claire A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Rosales
Moraceae
Ficus
Ficus amazonica

description: [1157] Ficus amazonica (Miq.) Miq.
 Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 3 (10): 298 (Miquel 1867). — Urostigma amazonica Miq., London J. Bot. 6: 541 (Miquel 1847).
 Urostigma angustifolium Miq., London J.Bot. 6: 539 (Miquel 1847). — Ficus angustifolia (Miq.) Miq., Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 3 (10): 298 (Miquel 1867), nom. illeg. hom., non Blume (1825).
 Ficus surinamensis Miq., Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 3 (10): 219 (Miquel 1867).
 NOTE. — Specimens at CAY are wrongly identified as F.citrifolia Mill.
VERNACULAR NAMES. — Wp: kwapo’i sõw• Wn: halikwana • Nt: ankatu, katu, nkatu.
 HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 55 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: M.-F. Prévost 1146.
SIZE. — Up to 20 m tall (Berg 1992).
description: Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 585, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777
Prediction of Room Temperature High Thermoelectric Performance in n-type La(Ru,Rh)4Sb12
Creators: name: Fornari, Marco
name: Singh, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First principles calculations are used to investigate the band structure and the transport related properties of unfilled and filled 4d skutterudite antimonides. The calculations show that, while RhSb3 and p-type La(Rh,Ru)4Sb12 are unfavorable for thermoelectric application, n-type La(Rh,Ru)4Sb12 is very likely a high figure of merit thermoelectric material in the important temperature range 150-300 K.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures. To appear, Appl. Phys. Lett
Counter-ion release and electrostatic adsorption
Creators: name: Sens, Pierre
name: Joanny, Jean-Francois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effective charge of a rigid polyelectrolyte (PE) approaching an oppositely charged surface is studied. The cases of a weak (annealed) and strongly charged PE with condensed counterions (such as DNA) are discussed. In the most interesting case of the adsorption onto a substrate of low dielectric constant (such as a lipid membrane or a mica sheet) the condensed counterions are not always released as the PE approaches the substrate, because of the major importance of the image charge effect. For the adsorption onto a surface with freely moving charges, the image charge effect becomes less important and full release is often expected.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure
El Buen Vivir en la política internacional boliviana (2006-2019)
Creators: name: Garino, Agustina
Publisher: name: Centro Interdisciplinario de Estudios Latinoamericanos
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Buen Vivir
subject: indigenismo
subject: Bolivia
subject: Relaciones Internacionales
subject: cuidado del medio ambiente
subject: indigenism
subject: International relations
subject: enviromental protection
subject: ddc:300

description: Desde el año 2006 Bolivia atraviesa un proceso de cambio gubernamental que incorpora discursivamente a la cosmovisión del “Buen Vivir” y el pensamiento indígena como base del Estado Plurinacional. El presente trabajo, tiene por objetivo analizar los aportes del paradigma del Buen Vivir en la política exterior del país en el período 2006-2019, correspondiente a las tres presidencias de Evo Morales. El estudio adopta una metodología de investigación cualitativa y a partir de un abordaje decolonial se parte de la siguiente hipótesis: En el período estudiado, la incorporación del paradigma del Buen Vivir y el pensamiento indígena, amplió los márgenes de la estrategia internacional boliviana profundizando el abordaje en el nivel global de problemáticas relacionadas al cuidado de la naturaleza y derechos indígenas. Esta posición discursiva, le permitió acceder a nuevos espacios en la arena internacional convirtiéndose en un actor relevante en las agendas mencionadas.
description: The “Good life” in Bolivian international politics (2006-2019)
 Since 2006, Bolivia has been going through a process of governmental change that discursively incorporates the worldview of “The Good Life” (buen vivir) and indigenous thought as the basis of the Plurinational State. The objective of this paper is to analyze the contributions of the buen vivir paradigm in the country's foreign policy in the period 2006 to 2019, corresponding to the three presidencies of Evo Morales. The study adopts a qualitative research methodology and from a decolonial approach. It is based on the following hypothesis: In the period studied, the incorporation of the paradigm of buen vivir and indigenous thought expanded the margins of the Bolivian international policy, deepening its approach of issues related to the care of nature and indigenous rights at the global level. This discursive position allowed Bolivia to access new spaces in the international arena, becoming a relevant actor in the aforementioned agendas.
On uniqueness of the foliation by comoving observers restspaces of a Generalized Robertson Walker spacetime
Creators: name: Pelegrín, José A. S.
name: Romero, Alfonso
name: Rubio, Rafael M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C50, 53C12, 58J05, 53C42

description: A characterization of the foliation by spacelike slices of an $(n+1)$-dimensional spatially closed Generalized Robertson-Walker spacetime is given by means of studying a natural mean curvature type equation on spacelike graphs. Under some natural assumptions, of physical or geometric nature, all the entire solutions of such an equation are obtained. In particular, the case of entire spacelike graphs in de Sitter spacetime is faced and completely solved by means of a new application of a known integral formula.
description: This is a pre-print of an article published in General Relativity and Gravitation. The final authenticated version is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10714-016-2183-6
Ficus americana subsp. greiffiana C. C. Berg
Creators: name: Molino, Jean-François
name: Sabatier, Daniel
name: Grenand, Pierre
name: Engel, Julien
name: Frame, Dawn
name: Delprete, Piero G.
name: Fleury, Marie
name: Odonne, Guillaume
name: Davy, Damien
name: Lucas, Eve J.
name: Martin, Claire A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Rosales
Moraceae
Ficus
Ficus americana
Ficus americana aubl. subsp. greiffiana (dugand) c.c.berg

description: [1158] Ficus americana Aubl. subsp. greiffiana (Dugand) C.C.Berg
 Blumea 52 (2): 300 (Berg 2007). — Ficus greiffiana Dugand, Caldasia 1 (4): 49 (Dugand 1942 ).
 HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 7 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: R.A.A. Oldeman B-3288.
SIZE. — Up to 10 m tall (Berg 1992).
description: Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 585, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777
Novel approach to description of spin liquid phases in low-dimensional quantum antiferromagnets
Creators: name: Kotov, V. N.
name: Sushkov, O.
name: Weihong, Zheng
name: Oitmaa, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider quantum spin systems with dimerization, which at strong coupling have singlet ground states. To account for strong correlations, the excitations are described as dilute Bose gas of degenerate triplets with infinite on-site repulsion. This approach is applied to the two-layer Heisenberg model at zero temperature with general couplings. Our analytic results for the triplet gap, the excitation spectrum and the location of the quantum critical point are in excellent agreement with numerical results, obtained by dimer series expansions.
description: 4 pages, REVTex, 3 Postscript figures
Additional file 1 of Genomic tools development for Aquilegia: construction of a BAC-based physical map
Creators: name: Fang, Guang-Chen
name: Blackmon, Barbara P
name: Henry, David C
name: Staton, Margaret E
name: Saski, Christopher A
name: Hodges, Scott A
name: Tomkins, Jeff P
name: Luo, Hong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1:The top 16 most common repetitive elements in A. formosa BESs identified. The transposable elements were identified from Aquilegia BESs using RepeatMasker coupling with a RepBase library of all known Viridiplantae repetitive elements. The elements were listed according to the number of reads of each element in a descending order as described in column 4. (DOC 42 KB)
Ficus americana subsp. subapiculata C. C. Berg
Creators: name: Molino, Jean-François
name: Sabatier, Daniel
name: Grenand, Pierre
name: Engel, Julien
name: Frame, Dawn
name: Delprete, Piero G.
name: Fleury, Marie
name: Odonne, Guillaume
name: Davy, Damien
name: Lucas, Eve J.
name: Martin, Claire A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Rosales
Moraceae
Ficus
Ficus americana
Ficus americana subsp. subapiculata (miq.) c.c.berg

description: [1160] Ficus americana subsp. subapiculata (Miq.) C.C.Berg
 Blumea 52 (2): 302 (Berg 2007).
 Urostigma subapiculatum Miq., Fl. Bras. [Martius] 4 (1): 101 [1 Dec. 1853] (Miquel 1853). — Ficus subapiculata (Miq.) Miq., Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 3 (10): 298 (Miquel 1867).
VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: muhu-puvemna.
 HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 4 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: S.A. Mori et al. 25427.
SIZE. — Up to 35 m tall (Berg 1992).
description: Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 586, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777
Campylaspis tasmaniensis Petrescu 2006
Creators: name: Petrescu, Iorgu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Cumacea
Nannastacidae
Campylaspis
Campylaspis tasmaniensis

description: Campylaspis tasmaniensis Petrescu, 2006
 Campylaspis tasmaniensis Petrescu, 2006: 153, figs 37–39.
 Material examined: 1♀, P.64734.
 Distribution. Australia: NSW and TAS—off the Freycinet Peninsula, at 800–869 m (Petrescu, 2006). Now recorded from NSW—east of Terrigal, at 869 m depth.
description: Published as part of Petrescu, Iorgu, 2018, On the Family Nannastacidae (Crustacea, Cumacea) from the Australian Museum Collection, pp. 1-111 in Records of the Australian Museum 70 (1) on page 28, DOI: 10.3853/j.2201-4349.70.2018.1645, http://zenodo.org/record/5236860
Book review_Natalia B. Teteriatnikov, "Justinian Mosaics of Hagia Sophia and Their Aftermath"
Creators: name: Cristina Stalteri
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: History
subject: Art history

description: Book review to Natalia B. Teteriatnikov, Justinian Mosaics of Hagia Sophia and Their Aftermath, Washington, DC, Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection - Harward University Press, 2017 (Dumbarton Oaks Studies 47) in "MEG" 18, 2018, pp. 498-500.
Ficus caballina Standl.
Creators: name: Molino, Jean-François
name: Sabatier, Daniel
name: Grenand, Pierre
name: Engel, Julien
name: Frame, Dawn
name: Delprete, Piero G.
name: Fleury, Marie
name: Odonne, Guillaume
name: Davy, Damien
name: Lucas, Eve J.
name: Martin, Claire A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Rosales
Moraceae
Ficus
Ficus caballina

description: [1161] Ficus caballina Standl.
 Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 15: 81 (Standley 1936).
 Ficus ramiflora Standl., Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 17 (2): 175 (Standley 1937).
 Ficus tamatamae Pittier, Bol. Soc.Venez. Ci. Nat. 8: 260 (Pittier 1943).
VERNACULAR NAMES. — Ka: kuasimyan.
 HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 6 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: R.A.A. Oldeman B-2317.
SIZE. — Up to 25 m tall (Berg 1999).
description: Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 586, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777
Strong Strain-Induced Coupling between Nanomechanical Pillar Resonators
Creators: name: Doster, Juliane
name: Hoenl, Simon
name: Lorenz, Heribert
name: Paulitschke, Philipp
name: Weig, Eva M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Networks of coupled resonators are an ubiquitous concept in physics, forming the basis of synchronization phenomena, metamaterial formation, nonreciprocal behavior and topological effects. Such systems are typically explored using optical or microwave resonators. In recent years, mechanical resonators have entered the stage as universal building block for resonator networks, both for their well-controlled mechanical properties and for their eigenfrequencies conveniently located in the radio-frequency regime. Vertically oriented nanomechanical pillar resonators are ideally suited for the dense integration into large resonator networks. However, to realize the potential of these promising systems, an intrinsic coupling mechanism needs to be established. Here, we demonstrate strain-induced, strong coupling between two adjacent nanomechanical pillar resonators. The coupling is mediated through the strain distribution in the joint substrate caused by the flexural vibration of the pillars, such that the coupling strength can be controlled by the geometric properties of the nanopillars as well as their separation. Both, mode hybridization and the formation of an avoided level crossing in the response of the nanopillar pair are experimentally observed. The coupling mechanism is readily scalable to large arrays of nanopillars, enabling all-mechanical resonator networks for the investigation of a broad range of collective dynamical phenomena.
Linguistic domination: a republican approach to linguistic justice
Creators: name: Morales-Gálvez, Sergi
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Linguistic justice is about institutions distributing material and symbolic resources fairly when they are faced with linguistic diversity. However, no theory of linguistic justice has developed a systematic and comprehensive account of the moral dilemmas that take place in interpersonal linguistic relationships, in particular the power dynamics leading to (linguistic) domination. The aim of this paper is to start building a general theory of linguistic domination, one that offers new conceptual tools for both empirical and normative analyses of linguistically diverse societies. Using the republican tradition of thought, I argue that there is linguistic domination whenever someone is subject to the uncontrolled capacity for interference over their linguistic uses, ideology and acquisition by another agent. This article tests under what conditions this phenomenon takes place and the parties involved in it (both in terms of individuals and political institutions).
Universality of the excess number of clusters and the crossing probability function in three-dimensional percolation
Creators: name: Lorenz, Christian D.
name: Ziff, Robert M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extensive Monte-Carlo simulations were performed to evaluate the excess number of clusters and the crossing probability function for three-dimensional percolation on the simple cubic (s.c.), face-centered cubic (f.c.c.), and body-centered cubic (b.c.c.) lattices. Systems L x L x L' with L' >> L were studied for both bond (s.c., f.c.c., b.c.c.) and site (f.c.c.) percolation. The excess number of clusters $\tilde {b}$ per unit length was confirmed to be a universal quantity with a value $\tilde {b} \approx 0.412$. Likewise, the critical crossing probability in the L' direction, with periodic boundary conditions in the L x L plane, was found to follow a universal exponential decay as a function of r = L'/L for large r. Simulations were also carried out to find new precise values of the critical thresholds for site percolation on the f.c.c. and b.c.c. lattices, yielding $p_c(f.c.c.)= 0.199 236 5 \pm 0.000 001 0$, $p_c(b.c.c.)= 0.245 961 5\pm 0.000 001 0$.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, LaTeX, submitted to J. Phys. A: Math. Gen, added references, corrected typos
The Growth of New Extended Carbon Nanophases from Ferrocene Inside Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
Creators: name: Kuzmany, Hans
name: Shi, Lei
name: Kurti, Jeno
name: Koltai, Janos
name: Chuvilin, Andrey
name: Saito, Takeshi
name: Pichler, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Raman response of new structures grown after filling SWCNTs with ferrocene and transformation at moderate high temperatures is demonstrated to be very strong, even stronger than the response from the tubes. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrates that the new objects are flat and exhibit a structure similar to short fragments of nanoribbons. The growth process is controlled by two different activation energies for low and high transformation temperatures, respectively. Immediately after filling Raman pattern from a precursor molecule are detected. Two different types of nanoribbons were identified by selecting special laser energies for the Raman excitation. These ribbons have the signature of quaterrylene and terrylene, respectively.
description: 6 pages
Ficus catappifolia Kunth & C. D. Bouché
Creators: name: Molino, Jean-François
name: Sabatier, Daniel
name: Grenand, Pierre
name: Engel, Julien
name: Frame, Dawn
name: Delprete, Piero G.
name: Fleury, Marie
name: Odonne, Guillaume
name: Davy, Damien
name: Lucas, Eve J.
name: Martin, Claire A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Rosales
Moraceae
Ficus
Ficus catappifolia

description: [1162] Ficus catappifolia Kunth & C.D.Bouché
 Index Seminum (Berlin) 14 (Kunth & Bouché 1846-1847). — Urostigma catappifolium (Kunth & C.D.Bouché) Miq., London J. Bot. 6: 533 (Miquel 1847), “ catappaefolium ”.
VERNACULAR NAMES. — Pa: muhu, muhu-kamwi • Wp: asĩngau lemi moay • Cr: bwa-fidjé • Br: apuí.
 HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — 31 collections at CAY. Sel. exs.: M.-F. Prévost 791.
SIZE. — Up to 15 m tall (Berg 1992).
description: Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 586, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777
On the Possibility of Abnormally Intense Radiation Due to the Rotation of Electron Around a Dielectric Sphere
Creators: name: Grigoryan, L. Sh.
name: Khachatryan, H. F.
name: Arzumanyan, S. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The abnormally intense radiation due to the uniform rotation of electron around the equatorial plane of a dielectric sphere is obtained. It takes place when the sphere surface is at a specific distance from the electron orbit and when the Cherenkov condition for electron and the matter of the sphere is satisfied.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 2 of Genomic tools development for Aquilegia: construction of a BAC-based physical map
Creators: name: Fang, Guang-Chen
name: Blackmon, Barbara P
name: Henry, David C
name: Staton, Margaret E
name: Saski, Christopher A
name: Hodges, Scott A
name: Tomkins, Jeff P
name: Luo, Hong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2:Identification of syntenies between A. formosa and V. vinifera genomes. BESs were compared with V. vinifera genome using the cutoff at 1e-10 and the matches were listed in the table. Aquilegia framework contig and BAC were listed in column 1, the number of BACs in the corresponding contig was listed in column 2, putative gene function of the annotated Vitis ortholog was described in column 3, and linkage group where the Vitis ortholog is located was described in column 4. (DOC 716 KB)
Non-commutative Fourier transform for the Lorentz group via the Duflo map
Creators: name: Oriti, Daniele
name: Rosati, Giacomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We defined a non-commutative algebra representation for quantum systems whose phase space is the cotangent bundle of the Lorentz group, and the non-commutative Fourier transform ensuring the unitary equivalence with the standard group representation. Our construction is from first principles in the sense that all structures are derived from the choice of quantization map for the classical system, the Duflo quantization map.
Phase-coherence and the boson-analogy of vortex liquids
Creators: name: Nguyen, A. K.
name: Sudbø, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The statistical mechanics of the flux-line lattice in extreme type-II super- conductors is studied within the framework of the uniformly frustrated anisotropic 3D XY-model. A finite-field counterpart of an Onsager vortex-loop transition in extreme type-II superconductors renders the vortex liquid phase- incoherent when the Abrikosov vortex lattice undergoes a first order melting transition. For the filling fractions considered in this paper $f$ given by $1/f=12,14,16,20,25,32,48,64,72,84,96,112$, and 128, the vortex liquid phase is not describable as a liquid of well-defined field induced vortex lines. This is due to the proliferation of thermally induced closed vortex-loops with dia- meters of order the magnetic length in the problem, resulting in a "percolation transition" driven by non-field induced vortices also transverse to the direc- tion of the applied magnetic field. This immediately triggers flux-line lattice melting and loss of phase-coherence in all direction. In a non-relativistic 2D boson-analogy picture, this latter feature would correspond to a vanishing mass of the bosons. Scaling functions for the specific heat are calculated in zero and finite magnetic field. From this we conclude that the critical region is of order 10% of $T_c$ for a mass anisotropy $\sqrt{M_z/M}=3$, and increases with increasing mass anisotropy. The entropy jump at the melting transition is cal- culated as a function of magnetic field for a mass-ansitropy slightly lower than that in $YBCO$, and found to be $ΔS=0.1k_B$ per vortex panncake, independent of the magnetic field for the filling fractions considered here. This is slightly lower than experimental values of $ΔS \approx 0.4k_B$ found experimentally for $YBCO$. We attribute this to the slightly lower mass anisotropy used in our simulations.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. B
Symmetry between absorption and amplification in disordered media
Creators: name: Jiang, Xunya
name: Li, Qiming
name: Soukoulis, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the issue of whether amplification, like absorption, suppresses wave transmission at large gain, as has been claimed in previous studies of wave propagation in active random media. A closer examination reveals that the paradoxical symmetry between absorption and amplification is an artifact of unphysical solutions from the time-independent wave equation. Solutions from the time-dependent equation demonstrate clearly that when gain is above the threshold, the amplitude of both the transmitted and the reflected wave actually increases with time, apparently without bound. The implications of the current finding is discussed
BRST-resolution for Principally Graded Wakimoto module of {\hat sl_2}
Creators: name: Hara, Y.
name: Jing, N.
name: Misra, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B65, 81R10

description: BRST-resolution is studied for the principally graded Wakimoto module of {\hat sl_2} recently found in math.QA/0005203. The submodule structure is completely determined and irreducible representations can be obtained as the zero-th cohomology group.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Ficus donnell-smithii Standl.
Creators: name: Molino, Jean-François
name: Sabatier, Daniel
name: Grenand, Pierre
name: Engel, Julien
name: Frame, Dawn
name: Delprete, Piero G.
name: Fleury, Marie
name: Odonne, Guillaume
name: Davy, Damien
name: Lucas, Eve J.
name: Martin, Claire A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Rosales
Moraceae
Ficus
Ficus donnell-Smithii

description: [1164] Ficus donnell-smithii Standl.
 Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 20 (1): 21 [31 May 1917] (Standley 1917).
 Ficus florenciana Dugand, Caldasia 1 (4): 44 (Dugand 1942).
 HERBARIUM DATA (FG). — A single collection, S.A. Mori et al. 26542.
SIZE. — Up to 25 m tall (Berg 1999).
description: Published as part of Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Grenand, Pierre, Engel, Julien, Frame, Dawn, Delprete, Piero G., Fleury, Marie, Odonne, Guillaume, Davy, Damien, Lucas, Eve J. & Martin, Claire A., 2022, An annotated checklist of the tree species of French Guiana, including vernacular nomenclature, pp. 345-903 in Adansonia (3) (3) 44 (26) on page 587, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2022v44a26, http://zenodo.org/record/7458777
Complex Formation Between Polyelectrolytes and Ionic Surfactants
Creators: name: Kuhn, Paulo S.
name: Levin, Yan
name: Barbosa, Marcia C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interaction between polyelectrolyte and ionic surfactant is of great importance in different areas of chemistry and biology. In this paper we present a theory of polyelectrolyte ionic-surfactant solutions. The new theory successfully explains the cooperative transition observed experimentally, in which the condensed counterions are replaced by ionic-surfactants. The transition is found to occur at surfactant densities much lower than those for a similar transition in non-ionic polymer-surfactant solutions. Possible application of DNA surfactant complex formation to polynucleotide delivery systems is also mentioned.
description: 5 pages, latex, 3 figures
Role of Tin and Carbon in the magnetic interactions in Mn$_3$SnC
Creators: name: Gaonkar, V. N.
name: Dias, E. T.
name: Dey, Arka Bikash
name: Giri, Rajendra Prasad
name: Nigam, A. K.
name: Priolkar, K. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we attempt to understand the role of tin and carbon in magnetic interactions in Mn$_3$SnC. Mn$_3$SnC exhibits a time dependent magnetic configuration and a complex magnetic ground state with both ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic orders. Such a magnetic state is attributed to presence of distorted Mn$_6$C octahedra with long and short Mn--Mn bonds. Our studies show that C deficiency increases the tensile strain on the Mn$_6$C octahedra which elongates Mn--Mn bonds and strengthens ferromagnetic interactions while Sn deficiency tends to ease out the strain resulting in shorter as well as longer Mn--Mn bond distances in comparison with stoichiometric Mn$_3$SnC. Such a variation strengthens both, ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interactions. Thus the structural strain caused by both Sn and C is responsible for complex magnetic ground state of Mn$_3$SnC.
description: Accepted in JMMM
The band structure of BeTe - a combined experimental and theoretical study
Creators: name: Nagelstraßer, M.
name: Dröge, H.
name: Fischer, H. -P. Steinrück F.
name: Litz, T.
name: Waag, A.
name: Fleszar, G. Landwehr A.
name: Hanke, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using angle-resolved synchrotron-radiation photoemission spectroscopy we have determined the dispersion of the valence bands of BeTe(100) along $ΓX$, i.e. the [100] direction. The measurements are analyzed with the aid of a first-principles calculation of the BeTe bulk band structure as well as of the photoemission peaks as given by the momentum conserving bulk transitions. Taking the calculated unoccupied bands as final states of the photoemission process, we obtain an excellent agreement between experimental and calculated spectra and a clear interpretation of almost all measured bands. In contrast, the free electron approximation for the final states fails to describe the BeTe bulk band structure along $ΓX$ properly.
description: 21 pages plus 4 figures