cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Stochastic recursions: between Kesten's and Grincevičius-Grey's assumptions
Creators: name: Damek, Ewa
name: Kołodziejek, Bartosz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 60H25, secondary 60E99

description: We study the stochastic recursion $X_n=Ψ_n(X_{n-1})$, where $(Ψ_n)_{n\geq 1}$ is a sequence of i.i.d. random Lipschitz mappings close to the random affine transformation $x\mapsto Ax+B$. We describe the tail behaviour of the stationary solution $X$ under the assumption that there exists $α>0$ such that $\mathbb{E} |A|^α=1$ and the tail of $B$ is regularly varying with index $-α<0$. We also find the second order asymptotics of the tail of $X$ when $Ψ(x)=Ax+B$.
description: 31 pages. Presentation of results and the whole manuscript have been reworked substantially. Part of the previous version of manuscript was moved to arXiv:1812.04496 (Electron. Commun. Probab. 23 (2018))
Analytical Constraints on the Radius and Bulk Lorentz Factor in the Lepto-Hadronic One-Zone Model of BL Lacs
Creators: name: Ma, ZhiPeng
name: Wang, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we study the parameter space of neutrino-emitting BL Lacs under the framework of the one-zone lepto-hadronic model. We show that constraints on the model come from various aspects of observations such as the variability timescale of blazar flares, gamma-ray opacity and the spectral energy distribution of electromagnetic emission, as well as the inferred neutrino emissivity of the blazar. We apply our method to two potential neutrino sources, i.e., TXS 0506+056 and PKS 0735+178, which are BL Lacs. Then, we explore and summarize the allowed range of parameters such as the bulk Lorentz factor and the blob radius under different distributions of injected protons. We find that the parameter space that is available to explain the BL Lac--neutrino association is sensitive to the proton distribution, and usually, an injected proton luminosity significantly exceeding the Eddington luminosity is required for both sources. Our results suggest that the simple lepto-hadronic one-zone model may not be a reasonable interpretation for BL Lac--neutrino associations.
CINECA Outreach and dissemination plan D6.1
Creators: name: Mulder, Nicola
name: Mbiyavanga, Mamana
name: Mendonca, Michelle
name: Matser, Vera
name: Hiltemann, Saskia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Dissemination
Training
Surveys

description: In this deliverable document, we report on the activities in task 6.1 – Stakeholder analysis, with the outreach and dissemination plan, as well as the training plan presented in this report, we have completed this task. We have used a combination of surveys and face-to-face meetings to verify and extend or identify key stakeholder groups, understand their interest in the project, and identify bottlenecks that can be addressed by outreach and training. Outreach activities will be accomplished by task 6.2 and training by task 6.3.
A Compounded Probability Model for Decreasing Hazard and its Inferential Properties
Creators: name: Brijesh P. Singh
name: Das, Utpal Dhar
name: Singh, Sandeep
Publisher: name: Reliability: Theory & Applications
Year: 2021
Subjects: Entropy
Hazard function
KS
MLE
Order Statistics
Quantile function

description: Early failures are generally observed due to latent defects within a product caused by faulty components, faulty assembly, transportation damage and installation damage. Also early life (infant mortality) failures tend to exhibit a decreasing failure rate over time. Such type of problems can be modelled either by a complex distribution having more than one parameter or by finite mixture of some distribution. In this article a single parameter continuous compounded distribution is proposed to model such type of problems. Some important properties of the proposed distribution such as distribution function, survival function, hazard function and cumulative hazard function, entropies, stochastic ordering are derived. The maximum likelihood estimate of the parameter is obtained which is not in closed form, thus iteration procedure is used to obtain the estimate of parameter. The moments of the proposed distribution does not exist. Some real data sets are used to see the performance of proposed distribution with comparison of some other competent distributions of decreasing hazard using Likelihood, AIC, AICc, BIC and KS statistics.
Some remarks on protolocalizations and protoadditive reflections
Creators: name: Clementino, Maria Manuel
name: Gran, Marino
name: Janelidze, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18E40, 18A40, 18C05, 16N80, 08B99

description: We investigate additional properties of protolocalizations, introduced and studied by F. Borceux, M. M. Clementino, M. Gran, and L. Sousa, and of protoadditive reflections, introduced and studied by T. Everaert and M. Gran. Among other things we show that there are no non-trivial (protolocalizations and) protoadditive reflections of the category of groups, and establish a connection between protolocalizations and Kurosh--Amitsur radicals of groups with multiple operators whose semisimple classes form subvarieties.
description: 12 pages
Conformal Vortex Crystals
Creators: name: Menezes, Raí M.
name: Silva, Clécio C. de Souza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate theoretically globally nonuniform configurations of quantized-flux vortices in clean superconductors trapped by an external force field that induces a nonuniform vortex density profile. Using an extensive series of numerical simulations, we demonstrate that, for suitable choices of the force field, and bellow a certain transition temperature, the vortex system self-organizes into highly inhomogeneous conformal crystals in a way as to minimize the total energy. These nonuniform structures are topologically ordered and can be mathematically mapped into a triangular Abrikosov lattice via a conformal transformation. Above the crystallization temperature, the conformal vortex crystal becomes unstable and gives place to a nonuniform polycrystalline structure. We propose a simple method to engineer the potential energy profile necessary for the observation of conformal crystals of vortices, which can also be applied to other 2D particle systems, and suggest possible experiments in which conformal or quasi-conformal vortex crystals could be observed in bulk superconductors and in thin films.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
January : 2023: A Year in Review
Creators: Georges Zissis
Bernard Fong
Jien Ming Wang
Ken Chen
Steven Chao
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2024

Newsletter

This is a special issue of the Smart Cities eNewsletter featuring "Smart Cities Technical Community: The Way Forward To New Horizons", "Message from the IEEE Smart Cities eNewsletter Editorial Board", and "Waste Fishing Net Regenerated Nylon and Recycling"
title: Is Money Growth Still a Useful Indicator of Inflation?
Creators: name: Camlibel, Levent
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 1997

description: This thesis examines the linkages among the monetary aggregates, inflation, and the economy through vector auto regression techniques. Multivariate Granger causality tests, variance decompositions and impulse response functions are utilized to examine causal relationships among key economic variables. In 1987, the Federal open Market Committee (FOMC) decided not to establish a specific target range for M1 growth . Since then, the broader M2 measure of money has been the preeminent variable used in implementing monetary policy; however, the results indicate that M1 can be used in predicting inflation and M2 can be used in predicting real GDP. This suggests that the FED should have two intermediate targets and indicators instead of one.
Supplementary Information from Learning new words through reading: do robust spelling–sound mappings boost learning of word forms and meanings?
Creators: name: Hulme, Rachael C.
name: Shapiro, Laura R.
name: Taylor, J. S. H.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 179999 Psychology and Cognitive Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: High-quality lexical representations depend on robust representations of written form (orthography), spoken form (phonology) and meaning (semantics), and strong bonds between them. Quality of lexical representations may be affected by amount of print exposure and the form of individual words. Words that are harder to decode (print-to-sound) may lead to fuzzy representations of the orthographic and phonological forms, potentially creating less stable foundations for semantic knowledge. These factors are difficult to disentangle in natural language research; in this registered report, we experimentally manipulated decoding ease and exposure at the item level. Adults read paragraphs describing invented meanings of pseudowords. Pseudowords appeared two or six times in a paragraph, and had easy (e.g. bamper) or hard (e.g. uzide) to decode spelling–sound mappings. Post-tests assessed word-form knowledge, orthography–semantic mappings and semantic–phonology mappings. Results showed that greater decoding ease improved learning of word forms and consequently also impacted on word meanings. Higher exposure frequency improved learning of word forms but not meanings. Exposure frequency also modulated the effect of decoding ease on word-form learning, with a stronger effect of decoding ease for fewer exposures. Disentangling effects of decoding ease from print exposure has important implications for understanding potential barriers to vocabulary learning.
title: The effect of epigenetic therapies on Glioblastoma Multiforme cancer stem cells
Creators: name: Abdul Kader, Bnar Paula
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2022

description: Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is one of the most aggressive types of brain tumour; it is hard to treat with conventional therapy and often shows tumour regrowth after surgical removal. Recent studies have indicated the presence of cancer stem cells in GBM tumours, which are more resistant to therapy and driver of tumour recurrence after treatment. Here, we investigate the effect of several epigenetic inhibitors on two GBM stem cell lines, G7 and E2. Cells were not sensitive to the BET inhibitor OTX015, but the EZH2 inhibitors EPZ6438, UNC1999 and GSK343 all significantly reduced colony formation. The three EZH2 inhibitors induced expression of senescence-associated β-galactosidase, sensitised both cell lines to the alkylating agent temozolomide, and sensitised the E2 cell line to radiation. RNA-seq analysis following treatment with EZH2 inhibitors revealed a significant induction of genes related to neurogenesis and neuronal function, particular in the G7 cell line. ChIP-seq analysis of the epigenetic changes following EZH2 treatment was used to identify genes that were both upregulated and showed a decrease in histone H3 lysine 27 tri-methylation, which is the epigenetic mark deposited by EZH2. Several regulatory factors were identified that are potential candidates for driving the neuronal differentiation of the cancer stem cells. One of these candidates is the transcription factor PAX2, which is upregulated in both G7 and E2 cells. PAX2 is essential for the correct development of the inner ear and the eye, and is known to regulate expression of the neural transcription factors NEUROG1, NEUROD1 and ATOH1. Based on these data, it is hypothesise that the EZH2 inhibitors reduce GBM stem cell proliferation by inducing neuronal differentiation of the cancer stem cells, in addition to causing therapy induced senescence. Further work is required to investigate whether the candidate regulatory genes that were identified, including PAX2, do indeed play a role in driving this differentiation. Sensitisation of the GBM stem cells to temozolomide and radiation is a promising line of enquiry for further investigation into improving treatments for GBM.
Revisiting the cuscuton as a Lorentz-violating gravity theory
Creators: name: Bhattacharyya, Jishnu
name: Coates, Andrew
name: Colombo, Mattia
name: Gumrukcuoglu, A. Emir
name: Sotiriou, Thomas P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cuscuton is a scalar field with infinite speed of propagation. It was introduced in the context of cosmology but it has also been claimed to resemble Horava gravity in a certain limit. Here we revisit the cuscuton theory as a Lorentz-violating gravity theory. We clarify its relation with Horava gravity and Einstein-aether theory, analyze its causal structure, and consider its initial value formulation. Finally, we discuss to which extent the cuscuton theory can be used as a proxy for Horava gravity in the context of gravitational collapse and formation of universal horizons.
description: 9 pages, revised version as published in PRD
Theory of electron spin resonance in one-dimensional topological insulators with spin-orbit couplings
Creators: name: Yao, Yuan
name: Sato, Masahiro
name: Nakamura, Tetsuya
name: Furukawa, Nobuo
name: Oshikawa, Masaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Edge/surface states often appear in a topologically nontrivial phase, when the system has a boundary. The edge state of a one-dimensional topological insulator is one of the simplest examples. Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) is an ideal probe to detect and analyze the edge state for its high sensitivity and precision. We consider ESR of the edge state of a generalized Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model with a next-nearest neighbor (NNN) hopping and a staggered spin-orbit coupling. The spin-orbit coupling is generally expected to bring about nontrivial changes on the ESR spectrum. Nevertheless, in the absence of the NNN hoppings, we find that the ESR spectrum is unaffected by the spin-orbit coupling thanks to the chiral symmetry. In the presence of both the NNN hopping and the spin-orbit coupling, on the other hand, the edge ESR spectrum exhibits a nontrivial frequency shift. We derive an explicit analytical formula for the ESR shift in the second order perturbation theory, which agrees very well with a non-perturbative numerical calculation.
description: 9 pages, REVTEX
Stability of Stationary Inverse Transport Equation in Diffusion Scaling
Creators: name: Chen, Ke
name: Li, Qin
name: Wang, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the inverse problem of reconstructing the optical parameters for stationary radiative transfer equation (RTE) from velocity-averaged measurement. The RTE often contains multiple scales characterized by the magnitude of a dimensionless parameter---the Knudsen number ($K_n$). In the diffusive scaling ($K_n \ll 1$), the stationary RTE is well approximated by an elliptic equation in the forward setting. However, the inverse problem for the elliptic equation is acknowledged to be severely ill-posed as compared to the well-posedness of inverse transport equation, which raises the question of how uniqueness being lost as $K_n \rightarrow 0$. We tackle this problem by examining the stability of inverse problem with varying $K_n$. We show that, the discrepancy in two measurements is amplified in the reconstructed parameters at the order of $K_n^p~ (p = 1\text{ or} ~2)$, and as a result lead to ill-posedness in the zero limit of $K_n$. Our results apply to both continuous and discrete settings. Some numerical tests are performed in the end to validate these theoretical findings.
A Compounded Probability Model for Decreasing Hazard and its Inferential Properties
Creators: name: Singh, Brijesh P.
name: Das, Utpal Dhar
name: Singh, Sandeep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60Exx

description: There are some real life issues that are exists in nature which has early failure. This type of problems can be modelled either by a complex distribution having more than one parameter or by finite mixture of some distribution. In this article a single parameter continuous distribution is introduced to model such type of problems. The base line distribution is exponential and it is compounded by lindley distribution. Some important properties of the proposed distribution such as distribution function, survival function, hazard function and cumulative hazard function are derived. The maximum likelihood estimate of the parameter is obtained which is not in closed form, thus iteration procedure is used to obtain the estimate of parameter. The moments of the proposed distribution does not exist thus median and mode is obtained. The distribution is positively skewed and the hazard rate of this distribution is decreasing. Some real data sets are used to see the performance of proposed distribution with comparison of some other competent distributions of decreasing hazard using Likelihood, AIC, AICc, BIC and KS statistics.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures and 3 tables
Mathematical model of inverted analemmatic sundial on the example of Belogorsk sundial of the Bronze Age
Creators: name: Vodolazhskaya, Larisa N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article proposes a mathematical model of an inverted analemmatic sundial, provides formulas for calculating the coordinates of their hour markers. On the example of the Belogorsk sundial, a method is described for determining the accuracy of time measurement using an inverted analemmatic sundial, in which cup marks are used as hour markers. The obtained value of the accuracy of time measurement with the help of the Belogorsk sundial is 5 - 6 minutes and is quite good for a measuring instrument of the Bronze Age, and is also higher than the accuracy of time measurement with the help of a water clock. As a result, it is concluded that the hypothesis is confirmed that the invention of the sundial was associated with the need to improve the accuracy of time measurement using a water clock.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2203.07502
The antiferromagnetic $S=1/2$ Heisenberg model on the ${\text{C}}_{60}$ fullerene geometry
Creators: name: Rausch, Roman
name: Plorin, Cassian
name: Peschke, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We solve the quantum-mechanical antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model with spins positioned on vertices of the truncated icosahedron using the density-matrix renormalization group (DMRG). This describes magnetic properties of the undoped C$_{60}$ fullerene at half filling in the limit of strong on-site interaction $U$. We calculate the ground state and correlation functions for all possible distances, the lowest singlet and triplet excited states, as well as thermodynamic properties, namely the specific heat and spin susceptibility.
 We find that unlike smaller C$_{20}$ or C$_{32}$ that are solvable by exact diagonalization, the lowest excited state is a triplet rather than a singlet, indicating a reduced frustration due to the presence of many hexagon faces and the separation of the pentagonal faces, similar to what is found for the truncated tetrahedron. This implies that frustration may be tuneable within the fullerenes by changing their size.
 The spin-spin correlations are much stronger along the hexagon bonds and exponentially decrease with distance, so that the molecule is large enough not to be correlated across its whole extent. The specific heat shows a high-temperature peak and a low-temperature shoulder reminiscent of the kagome lattice, while the spin susceptibility shows a single broad peak and is very close to the one of C$_{20}$.
description: Submission to SciPost
On extended 1-perfect bitrades
Creators: name: Bespalov, Evgeny A.
name: Krotov, Denis S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 05B05, 94B25

description: Extended $1$-perfect codes in the Hamming scheme $H(n,q)$ can be equivalently defined as codes that turn to $1$-perfect codes after puncturing in any coordinate, as completely regular codes with certain intersection array, as uniformly packed codes with certain weight coefficients, as diameter perfect codes with respect to a certain anticode, as distance-$4$ codes with certain dual distances. We define extended $1$-perfect bitrades in $H(n,q)$ in five different manners, corresponding to the different definitions of extended $1$-perfect codes, and prove the equivalence of these definitions of extended $1$-perfect bitrades. For $q=2^m$, we prove that such bitrades exist if and only if $n=lq+2$. For any $q$, we prove the nonexistence of extended $1$-perfect bitrades if $n$ is odd.
 Keywords: Perfect code, Extended perfect code, Bitrade, Completely regular code, Uniformly packed code.
Study protocol for the systematic map "Effects of land use and land cover changes on biodiversity, ecosystem services, and carbon storage in Norway: A systematic map and decision support tool"
Creators: name: Stokland, Håkon
name: Singsaas, Frode Thomassen
name: Nilsen, Erlend B.
name: Sutcliffe, Thomas
name: Grainger, Matthew
name: Simensen, Trond
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Business
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Arts and Humanities
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: This protocol details the review conducted as part of the project “Effekter av arealbruk og arealbruksendringer på biomangfold, økosystemtjenester og karbonlagring: Et systematisk kart og beslutningsstøtteverktøy”. The project is funded by the Research Council of Norway. The protocol will be updated at specific intervals through the project, and each new version will be made publicly available and receive a doi. The protocols will be made available through the Open Science Framework (osf.io) as a time-stamped registration. The version log table above help the readers of the protocol to keep track of the protocol version number.
Two-weight extrapolation on function spaces and applications
Creators: name: Cao, Mingming
name: Olivo, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42B20, 42B25, 42B35, 46E30

description: This paper is devoted to studying the extrapolation theory of Rubio de Francia on general function spaces. We present endpoint extrapolation results including $A_1$, $A_p$, and $A_\infty$ extrapolation in the context of Banach function spaces, and also on modular spaces. We also include several applications that can be easily obtained using extrapolation: local decay estimates for various operators, Coifman--Fefferman inequalities that can be used to show some known sharp $A_1$ inequalities, Muckenhoupt--Wheeden and Sawyer's conjectures are also presented for many operators, which go beyond Calderón--Zygmund operators. Finally, we obtain two-weight inequalities for Littlewood--Paley operators and Fourier integral operators on weighted Banach function spaces.
Statistical inference for network samples using subgraph counts
Creators: name: Maugis, P-A. G.
name: Priebe, Carey E.
name: Olhede, S. C.
name: Wolfe, P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62G05, 05C80, 62G10

description: We consider that a network is an observation, and a collection of observed networks forms a sample. In this setting, we provide methods to test whether all observations in a network sample are drawn from a specified model. We achieve this by deriving, under the null of the graphon model, the joint asymptotic properties of average subgraph counts as the number of observed networks increases but the number of nodes in each network remains finite. In doing so, we do not require that each observed network contains the same number of nodes, or is drawn from the same distribution. Our results yield joint confidence regions for subgraph counts, and therefore methods for testing whether the observations in a network sample are drawn from: a specified distribution, a specified model, or from the same model as another network sample. We present simulation experiments and an illustrative example on a sample of brain networks where we find that highly creative individuals' brains present significantly more short cycles.
description: 42 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables
How to avoid machine learning pitfalls: a guide for academic researchers
Creators: name: Lones, Michael A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Mistakes in machine learning practice are commonplace, and can result in a loss of confidence in the findings and products of machine learning. This guide outlines common mistakes that occur when using machine learning, and what can be done to avoid them. Whilst it should be accessible to anyone with a basic understanding of machine learning techniques, it focuses on issues that are of particular concern within academic research, such as the need to do rigorous comparisons and reach valid conclusions. It covers five stages of the machine learning process: what to do before model building, how to reliably build models, how to robustly evaluate models, how to compare models fairly, and how to report results.
Schubert Calculus via Fermionic Variables
Creators: name: Kuwata, Ken
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Imanishi, Jinzenji and Kuwata provided a recipe for computing Euler number of Grassmann manifold $G(k,N)$ using physical model and its path-integral [S.Imanishi, M.Jinzenji and K.Kuwata, Journal of Geometry and Physics, Volume 180, October 2022, 104623]. They demonstrated that the cohomology ring of $G(k,N)$ is represented by fermionic variables. In this study, using only fermionic variables, we computed an integral of the Chern classes of the dual bundle of the tautological bundle on $G(k,N)$. In other words, the intersection number of the Schubert cycles is obtained using the fermion integral.
description: 11 pages
Probing two Higgs oscillations in a one-dimensional Fermi superfluid with Raman-type spin-orbit coupling
Creators: name: Fan, Genwang
name: Chen, Xiao-Long
name: Zou, Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate the Higgs oscillation in a one-dimensional Raman-type spin-orbit-coupled Fermi superfluid with the time-dependent Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations. By linearly ramping or abruptly changing the effective Zeeman field in both the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer state and the topological superfluid state, we find the amplitude of the order parameter exhibits an oscillating behaviour over time with two different frequencies (i.e., two Higgs oscillations) in contrast to the single one in a conventional Fermi superfluid. The observed period of oscillations has a great agreement with the one calculated using the previous prediction [Volkov and Kogan, J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 38, 1018 (1974)], where the oscillating periods are now determined by the minimums of two quasi-particle spectrum in this system. We further verify the existence of two Higgs oscillations using a periodic ramp strategy with theoretically calculated driving frequency. Our predictions would be useful for further theoretical and experimental studies of these Higgs oscillations in spin-orbit-coupled systems.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Liouville quantum gravity weighted by conformal loop ensemble nesting statistics
Creators: name: Holden, Nina
name: Lehmkuehler, Matthis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study Liouville quantum gravity (LQG) surfaces whose law has been reweighted according to nesting statistics for a conformal loop ensemble (CLE) relative to $n\in \mathbb{N}_0$ marked points $z_1,\dots,z_n$. The idea is to consider a reweighting by $\prod_{B\subseteq \{1,\dots,n\}} e^{σ_B N_B}$, where $σ_B\in\mathbb{R}$ and $N_B$ is the number of CLE loops surrounding the points $z_i$ for $i\in B$. This is made precise via an approximation procedure where as part of the proof we derive strong spatial independence results for CLE. The reweighting induces logarithmic singularities for the Liouville field at $z_1,\dots,z_n$ with a magnitude depending explicitly on $σ_1,\dots,σ_n$. We define the partition function of the surface, compute it for $n\in\{0,1\}$, and derive a recursive formula expressing the $n>1$ point partition function in terms of lower-order partition functions. The proof of the latter result is based on a continuum peeling process previously studied by Miller, Sheffield and Werner in the case $n=0$, and we derive an explicit formula for the generator of a boundary length process that can be associated with the exploration for general $n$. We use the recursive formula to partly characterize for which values of $(σ_B\colon B\subseteq \{1,\dots,n\})$ the partition function is finite. Finally, we give a new proof for the law of the conformal radius of CLE, which was originally established by Schramm, Sheffield, and Wilson.
description: 96 pages, 9 figures
Search for baryon junctions in photonuclear processes and isobar collisions at RHIC
Creators: name: Lewis, Nicole
name: Lv, Wendi
name: Ross, Mason Alexander
name: Tsang, Chun Yuen
name: Brandenburg, James Daniel
name: Lin, Zi-Wei
name: Ma, Rongrong
name: Tang, Zebo
name: Tribedy, Prithwish
name: Xu, Zhangbu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During the early development of Quantum Chromodynamics, it was proposed that baryon number could be carried by a non-perturbative Y-shaped topology of gluon fields, called the gluon junction, rather than by the valence quarks as in the QCD standard model. A puzzling feature of ultra-relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions is the apparent substantial baryon excess in the midrapidity region that could not be adequately accounted for in most conventional models of quark and diquark transport. The transport of baryonic gluon junctions is predicted to lead to a characteristic exponential distribution of net-baryon density with rapidity and could resolve the puzzle. In this context we point out that the rapidity density of net-baryons near midrapidity indeed follows an exponential distribution with a slope of $-0.61\pm0.03$ as a function of beam rapidity in the existing global data from A+A collisions at AGS, SPS and RHIC energies. To further test if quarks or gluon junctions carry the baryon quantum number, we propose to study the absolute magnitude of the baryon vs. charge stopping in isobar collisions at RHIC. We also argue that semi-inclusive photon-induced processes ($γ+p$/A) at RHIC kinematics provide an opportunity to search for the signatures of the baryon junction and to shed light onto the mechanisms of observed baryon excess in the mid-rapidity region in ultra-relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions. Such measurements can be further validated in A+A collisions at the LHC and $e+p$/A collisions at the EIC.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, Submitted to EPJC
A Categorical View on the Principle of Relativity
Creators: name: Gaio, L. M.
name: Rizzuti, B. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83A05, 18B99

description: Category theory plays a special character in mathematics - it unifies distinct branches under the same formalism. Despite this integrative power in math, it also seems to provide the proper foundations to the experimental physicist. In this work, we present another application of category in physics, related to the principle of relativity. The operational construction of (inertial) frames of reference indicates that only the movement between one and another frame is enough to differentiate both of them. This fact is hidden when one applies only group theory to connect frames. In fact, rotations and translations only change coordinates, keeping the frame inert. The change of frames is only attainable by boosts in the classical and relativistic regimes for both Galileo and Lorentz (Poincaré) groups. Besides providing a non-trivial example of application of category theory in physics, we also fulfill the presented gap when one directly applies group theory for connecting frames.
description: 13 pages, adjusted version according to reviewer's suggestions - to appear in Reports on Mathematical Physics
A Unified Approach for Dynamic Analysis of Tensegrity Structures with Arbitrary Rigid Bodies and Rigid Bars
Creators: name: Luo, Jiahui
name: Xu, Xiaoming
name: Wu, Zhigang
name: Wu, Shunan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes a unified approach for dynamic modeling and simulations of general tensegrity structures with rigid bars and rigid bodies of arbitrary shapes. The natural coordinates are adopted as a non-minimal description in terms of different combinations of basic points and base vectors to resolve the heterogeneity between rigid bodies and rigid bars in three-dimensional space. This leads to a set of differential-algebraic equations with a constant mass matrix and free from trigonometric functions. Formulations for linearized dynamics are derived to enable modal analysis around static equilibrium. For numerical analysis of nonlinear dynamics, we derive a modified symplectic integration scheme which yields realistic results for long-time simulations, and accommodates non-conservative forces as well as boundary conditions. Numerical examples demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed approach for dynamic simulations of Class-1-to-$k$ general tensegrity structures under complex situations, including dynamic external loads, cable-based deployments, and moving boundaries. The novel tensegrity structures also exemplify new ways to create multi-functional structures.
description: 25 pages, 19 figures; examples are substantially revised
Diffusion-based neuromodulation can eliminate catastrophic forgetting in simple neural networks
Creators: name: Velez, Roby
name: Clune, Jeff
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A long-term goal of AI is to produce agents that can learn a diversity of skills throughout their lifetimes and continuously improve those skills via experience. A longstanding obstacle towards that goal is catastrophic forgetting, which is when learning new information erases previously learned information. Catastrophic forgetting occurs in artificial neural networks (ANNs), which have fueled most recent advances in AI. A recent paper proposed that catastrophic forgetting in ANNs can be reduced by promoting modularity, which can limit forgetting by isolating task information to specific clusters of nodes and connections (functional modules). While the prior work did show that modular ANNs suffered less from catastrophic forgetting, it was not able to produce ANNs that possessed task-specific functional modules, thereby leaving the main theory regarding modularity and forgetting untested. We introduce diffusion-based neuromodulation, which simulates the release of diffusing, neuromodulatory chemicals within an ANN that can modulate (i.e. up or down regulate) learning in a spatial region. On the simple diagnostic problem from the prior work, diffusion-based neuromodulation 1) induces task-specific learning in groups of nodes and connections (task-specific localized learning), which 2) produces functional modules for each subtask, and 3) yields higher performance by eliminating catastrophic forgetting. Overall, our results suggest that diffusion-based neuromodulation promotes task-specific localized learning and functional modularity, which can help solve the challenging, but important problem of catastrophic forgetting.
Large-scale power loss in ground-based CMB mapmaking
Creators: name: Naess, Sigurd
name: Louis, Thibaut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CMB mapmaking relies on a data model to solve for the sky map, and this process is vulnerable to bias if the data model cannot capture the full behavior of the signal. We demonstrate that this bias is not just limited to small-scale effects in high-contrast regions of the sky, but can manifest as $\mathcal{O}(1)$ power loss on large scales in the map under conditions and assumptions realistic for ground-based CMB telescopes. This bias is invisible to simulation-based tests that do not explicitly model them, making it easy to miss. We identify two different mechanisms that both cause suppression of long-wavelength modes: sub-pixel errors and detector gain calibration mismatch. We show that the specific case of subpixel bias can be eliminated using bilinear pointing matrices, but also provide simple methods for testing for the presence of large-scale model error bias in general.
description: 16 pages, 16 figures. Updated from version published in OJA. v8 updated introduction with simple high-level explanation of the effect
Energy Spectrum of Fast Second Order Fermi Accelerators as Sources of Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic Rays
Creators: name: Winchen, Tobias
name: Buitink, Stijn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stochastic acceleration of cosmic rays in second order Fermi processes is usually considered too slow to reach ultra-high energies, except in specific cases. In this paper we present the energy spectrum obtained from second order Fermi acceleration in highly turbulent magnetic fields as e.g.\ found in the outskirts of AGN jets in situations where it can be sufficiently fast to accelerate particles to the highest observed energies. We parametrize the resulting non-power-law spectra and show that these can describe the cosmic ray energy spectrum and mass-composition data at the highest energies if propagation effects are taken into account.
ContactNet: Online Multi-Contact Planning for Acyclic Legged Robot Locomotion
Creators: name: Bratta, Angelo
name: Meduri, Avadesh
name: Focchi, Michele
name: Righetti, Ludovic
name: Semini, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In legged logomotion, online trajectory optimization techniques generally depend on heuristic-based contact planners in order to have low computation times and achieve high replanning frequencies. In this work, we propose ContactNet, a fast acyclic contact planner based on a multi-output regression neural network. ContactNet ranks discretized stepping regions, allowing to quickly choose the best feasible solution, even in complex environments. The low computation time, in the order of 1 ms, makes possible the execution of the contact planner concurrently with a trajectory optimizer in a Model Predictive Control (MPC) fashion. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach in simulation in different complex scenarios with the quadruped robot Solo12.
On The Virtual Cosmetic Surgery Conjecture
Creators: name: Boyle, Keegan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M10 (Primary) 57M25 (Primary)

description: Let K be a knot in S^3, and M and M' be distinct Dehn surgeries along K. We investigate when M covers M'. When K is a torus knot, we provide a complete classification of such covers. When K is a hyperbolic knot, we provide partial results in the direction of the conjecture that M never covers M'.
description: Corrected Theorem 2 (and its proof) by adding a necessary condition that was missing. Thanks to Tye Lidman for pointing out the error
Self and N2 collisional broadening of far-infrared methane lines at low-temperature with application to Titan
Creators: name: Richard, C.
name: Boudon, V.
name: Manceron, L.
name: Auwera, J. Vander
name: Vinatier, S.
name: Bézard, B.
name: Houelle, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the measurement of broadening coefficients of pure rotational lines of methane at different pressure and temperature conditions. A total of 27 far-infrared spectra were recorded at the AILES beamline of the SOLEIL synchrotron at room-temperature, 200 K and 120 K, in a range of 10 to 800 mbar. Self and N 2 broadening coefficients and temperature dependence exponents of methane pure rotational lines have been measured in the 73-136 cm --1 spectral range using multi-spectrum non-linear least squares fitting of Voigt profiles. These coefficients were used to model spectra of Titan that were compared to a selection of equatorial Cassini/CIRS spectra, showing a good agreement for a stratospheric methane mole fraction of (1.17 $\pm$ 0.08)%.
Multimode advantage in continuous variable quantum battery
Creators: name: Konar, Tanoy Kanti
name: Patra, Ayan
name: Gupta, Rivu
name: Ghosh, Srijon
name: De, Aditi Sen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide an architecture for a multimode quantum battery (QB) based on the framework of continuous variable (CV) systems. We examine the performance of the battery by using a generic class of multimode initial states whose parameters can be tuned to produce separable as well as entangled states and that can be charged locally as well as globally by Gaussian unitary operations. Analytical calculations show that a separable state is equally advantageous to an entangled one for two- and three-mode batteries when taking the figures of merit as the second moments of the change in energy. In order to produce a stable quantum battery consisting of an arbitrary number of modes, we derive compact analytical forms of the energy fluctuations and prove that for a multimode separable Gaussian initial state, fluctuations decrease as the number of modes increases, thereby obtaining a scaling analysis. Moreover, we demonstrate that local displacement as a charger is better for minimizing the fluctuations in energy than that involving the squeezing unitary operation.
description: v1:14 pages, 3 figures; v2:15 pages, 4 figures, close to published version
Bounds for multivariate residues and for the polynomials in the elimination theorem
Creators: name: Sombra, Martin
name: Yger, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 32A27, Secondary 11G50, 14Q20

description: We present several upper bounds for the height of global residues of rational forms on an affine variety. As a consequence, we deduce upper bounds for the height of the coefficients in the Bergman-Weil trace formula. We also present upper bounds for the degree and the height of the polynomials in the elimination theorem on an affine variety. This is an arithmetic analogue of Jelonek's effective elimination theorem, that plays a crucial role in the proof of our bounds for the height of global residues.
description: 41 pages
Electronic transport in graphene with out-of-plane disorder
Creators: name: Guan, Yifei
name: Yazyev, Oleg V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Real-world samples of graphene often exhibit various types of out-of-plane disorder -- ripples, wrinkles and folds -- introduced at the stage of growth and transfer processes. These complex out-of-plane defects resulting from the interplay between self-adhesion of graphene and its bending rigidity inevitably lead to the scattering of charge carriers thus affecting the electronic transport properties of graphene. We address the ballistic charge-carrier transmission across the models of out-of-plane defects using tight-binding and density functional calculations while fully taking into account lattice relaxation effects. The observed transmission oscillations in commensurate graphene wrinkles are attributed to the interference between intra- and interlayer transport channels, while the incommensurate wrinkles show vanishing backscattering and retain the transport properties of flat graphene. The suppression of backscattering reveals the crucial role of lattice commensuration in the electronic transmission. Our results provide guidelines to controlling the transport properties of graphene in presence of this ubiquitous type of disorder.
Controlling the dispersion of longitudinal waves via the affine deformation of the interlaced wire medium
Creators: name: Sakhno, Denis
name: Koreshin, Eugene
name: Belov, Pavel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the dispersion properties of double interlaced wire metamaterials with geometry modified by affine transformation. That metamaterials were found to support eigenmodes with longitudinal polarization at low frequencies for all deformations. Due to the spatial dispersion the metamaterials isofrequency surfaces are centered at the Brillouin zone edges (rather than at $Γ$-point) and have the shape of ellipsoids. The refractive indices corresponding to the ellipsoids were analyzed both analytically and numerically.