cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Coherence resonance in a network of FitzHugh-Nagumo systems: interplay of noise, time-delay and topology
Creators: name: Masoliver, Maria
name: Malik, Nishant
name: Schöll, Eckehard
name: Zakharova, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We systematically investigate the phenomena of coherence resonance in time-delay coupled networks of FitzHugh-Nagumo elements in the excitable regime. Using numerical simulations, we examine the interplay of noise, time-delayed coupling and network topology in the generation of coherence resonance. In the deterministic case, we show that the delay-induced dynamics is independent of the number of nearest neighbors and the system size. In the presence of noise, we demonstrate the possibility of controlling coherence resonance by varying the time-delay and the number of nearest neighbors. For a locally coupled ring, we show that the time-delay weakens coherence resonance. For nonlocal coupling with appropriate time-delays, both enhancement and weakening of coherence resonance are possible.
Statistical description of co-nonsolvency suppression at high pressures
Creators: name: Budkov, Yu. A.
name: Kolesnikov, A. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an application of Flory-type self-consistent field theory of the flexible polymer chain dissolved in the binary mixture of solvents to theoretical description of co-nonsolvency. We show that our theoretical predictions are in good quantitative agreement with the recently published MD simulation results for the conformational behavior of a Lennard-Jones flexible chain in a binary mixture of the Lennard-Jones fluids. We show that our theory is able to describe co-nonsolvency suppression through pressure enhancement to extremely high values recently discovered in experiment and reproduced by full atomistic MD simulations. Analysing a co-solvent concentration in internal polymer volume at different pressure values, we speculate that this phenomenon is caused by the suppression of the co-solvent preferential solvation of the polymer backbone at rather high pressure imposed. We show that when the co-solvent-induced coil-globule transition takes place, the entropy and the enthalpy contributions to the solvation free energy abruptly decrease, while the solvation free energy remains continuous.
Additional file 3 of Heparinized chitosan stabilizes the bioactivity of BMP-2 and potentiates the osteogenic efficacy of demineralized bone matrix
Creators: name: Kim, Soyon
name: Fan, Jiabing
name: Lee, Chung-Sung
name: Chen, Chen
name: Bubukina, Ksenia
name: Lee, Min
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Figure S3. H&E staining images of hydrogel-DBM composites. The “H” indicates the location of hydrogel and “D” indicates the location of DBM with the proliferated cells. Scale bar is 50 μm.
Coarse Graining in Block Copolymer Films
Creators: name: Tsori, Yoav
name: Andelman, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present few ordering mechanisms in block copolymer melts in the coarse-graining approach. For chemically homogeneous or modulated confining surfaces, the surface ordering is investigated above and below the order-disorder temperature. In some cases the copolymer deformation near the surface is similar to the copolymer morphology in bulk grain boundaries. Block copolymers in contact with rough surfaces are considered as well, and the transition from lamellae parallel to perpendicular to the surface is investigated as a function of surface roughness. Finally, we describe how external electric fields can be used to align block copolymer meso-phases in a desired direction, or to induce an order-order phase transition, and dwell on the role of mobile dissociated ions on the transition.
description: Review for special edition of Journal of Polymer Science part B:Polymer Physics
Expected performances of a Laue lens made with bent crystals
Creators: name: Virgilli, E.
name: Valsan, V.
name: Frontera, F.
name: Caroli, E.
name: Liccardo, V.
name: Stephen, J. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of the LAUE project devoted to build a Laue lens prototype for focusing celestial hard X-/soft gamma-rays, a Laue lens made of bent crystal tiles, with 20 m focal length, is simulated. The focusing energy passband is assumed to be 90--600 keV. The distortion of the image produced by the lens on the focal plane, due to effects of crystal tile misalignment and radial distortion of the crystal curvature, is investigated. The corresponding effective area of the lens, its point spread function and sensitivity are calculated and compared with those exhibited by a nominal Laue lens with no misalignment and/or distortion. Such analysis is crucial to estimate the optical properties of a real lens, in which the investigated shortcomings could be present.
description: 20 pages, 14 figures
Cooling rates and intensity limitations for laser-cooled ions at relativistic energies
Creators: name: Eidam, Lewin
name: Boine-Frankenheim, Oliver
name: Winters, Danyal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ability of laser cooling for relativistic ion beams is investigated. For this purpose, the excitation of relativistic ions with a continuous wave and a pulsed laser is analyzed, utilizing the optical Bloch equations. The laser cooling force is derived in detail and its scaling with the relativistic factor $γ$ is discussed. The cooling processes with a continuous wave and a pulsed laser system are investigated. Optimized cooling scenarios and times are obtained in order to determine the required properties of the laser and the ion beam for the planed experiments. The impact of beam intensity effects, like intrabeam scattering and space charge are analyzed. Predictions from simplified models are compared to particle-in-cell simulations and are found to be in good agreement. Finally two realistic example cases of Carbon ions in the ESR and relativistic Titanium ions in SIS100 are compared in order to discuss prospects for future laser cooling experiments.
A REVIEW ARTICLE ON STROKE
Creators: name: K. Iswarya, S. Shaheena Begun
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Stroke is a neurological disorder characterized by blockage of blood vessels.    A stroke occurs when a blockage or bleed of the blood vessels either interrupts or reduces the supply of blood to the brain. When this happens, the brain does not receive enough oxygen or nutrients, and brain cells start to die. Stroke is a cerebrovascular disease. This means that it affects the blood vessels that feed the brain oxygen. If the brain does not receive enough oxygen, damage may start to occur. This is a medical emergency. Although many strokes are treatable, some can lead to disability or death.

Strokes can be broadly categorized into two main types:

1.Ischemic Stroke: This type of stroke occurs when a blood clot or a buildup of plaque narrows or blocks an artery, reducing blood flow to a specific part of the brain. It is the most common type of stroke, accounting for the majority of cases.

2.Hemorrhagic Stroke: Hemorrhagic strokes happen when a blood vessel in the brain ruptures or leaks, causing bleeding within or around the brain. While less common than ischemic strokes, hemorrhagic strokes are often more severe and can result from conditions like high blood pressure or aneurysms.

Common risk factors for strokes include hypertension (high blood pressure), smoking, obesity, diabetes, high cholesterol, and a family history of strokes. Age and gender can also influence stroke risk, with older individuals and men being more susceptible.  Recognizing the signs of a stroke and seeking immediate medical help are crucial for minimizing brain damage and improving the chances of a successful recovery. Common stroke symptoms include sudden numbness or weakness in the face, arm or leg, especially on one side of the body; sudden confusion, difficulty speaking, or trouble understanding speech; sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes; sudden severe headache with no known cause; and sudden difficulty walking, loss of balance, or lack of coordination.

Stroke treatment depends on the type and severity of the stroke but may involve clot-busting medications, herbal medicines, surgical interventions, and rehabilitation. Stroke survivors often require extensive medical and rehabilitative care to regain lost functions and improve their quality of life. Preventing strokes involves managing risk factors through lifestyle changes, medication, herbal medicines and, in some cases, surgical procedures to address underlying health conditions. Public awareness campaigns stress the importance of recognizing stroke symptoms and acting quickly, as time is of the essence in stroke treatment. Manage diabetes, control bp and cholesterol levels. Maintain healthy diet, exercise regularly and Quit smoking.
Tuber borchii Shapes the Ectomycorrhizosphere Microbial Communities of Corylus avellana
Creators: name: Li, Xiaolin
name: Zhang, Xiaoping
name: Yang, Mei
name: Yan, Lijuan
name: Kang, Zongjing
name: Xiao, Yujun
name: Tang, Ping
name: Ye, Lei
name: Zhang, Bo
name: Zou, Jie
name: Liu, Chengyi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Plant Biology

description: In this study, eight-month-old ectomycorrhizae of Tuber borchii with Corylus avellana were synthesized to explore the influence of T. borchii colonization on the soil properties and the microbial communities associated with C. avellana during the early symbiotic stage. The results showed that the bacterial richness and diversity in the ectomycorrhizae were significantly higher than those in the control roots, whereas the fungal diversity was not changed in response to T. borchii colonization. Tuber was the dominant taxon (82.97%) in ectomycorrhizae. Some pathogenic fungi, including Ilyonectria and Podospora, and other competitive mycorrhizal fungi, such as Hymenochaete, had significantly lower abundance in the T. borchii inoculation treatment. It was found that the ectomycorrhizae of C. avellana contained some more abundant bacterial genera (e.g., Rhizobium, Pedomicrobium, Ilumatobacter, Streptomyces, and Geobacillus) and fungal genera (e.g., Trechispora and Humicola) than the control roots. The properties of rhizosphere soils were also changed by T. borchii colonization, like available nitrogen, available phosphorus and exchangeable magnesium, which indicated a feedback effect of mycorrhizal synthesis on soil properties. Overall, this work highlighted the interactions between the symbionts and the microbes present in the host, which shed light on our understanding of the ecological functions of T. borchii and facilitate its commercial cultivation.
The Impact of Not Collecting Sales and Use Taxes from Internet Sales into Pennsylvania
Creators: name: Strauss, Robert
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Nationally, internet commerce amounts to trillions of dollars of sales per year, and business and consumer purchases from internet retailers are increasing rapidly. However, Pennsylvania has a limited ability to compel remote vendors without a physical presence in Pennsylvania to collect and remit sales and use taxes for internet transactions, 1 and for 2012, it is estimated that such uncollected revenues range from $254 to $410 million for Pennsylvania. In addition to this uncollected revenue and its obvious impact on the Commonwealth’s finances, the non-collection of sales taxes by some internet retailers shifts sales away from tax-collecting retailers, which importantly includes in-state brick-and-mortar stores. The lower sales for brick-and-mortar stores in turn reduces the economic impact of these stores on the rest of Pennsylvania. If all internet retailers were required to collect sales tax, placing them on equal footing with taxcollecting retailers, it would increase tax receipts to Pennsylvania, and increase sales at brickand-mortar stores
Tachina latifrons Rondani 1865
Creators: name: Sforzi, Alessandra
name: Sommaggio, Daniele
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Rhinophoridae
Tachina
Tachina latifrons

description: Tachina latifrons Rondani, 1865
ORIGINAL DESCRIPTION: 1865c: 212 (key), 215 (description).
 TYPE LOCALITY: “ in Apennino Parmensi [Parmese Apennines (Italy)]”.
 TYPE MATERIAL: 1 ♂, holotype (missing left fore-leg) (MZUF: Box 13): Tachina Mgn / latifrons Rnd. / 675.
 CURRENT STATUS: junior synonym of Exorista (Exorista) fasciata (Fallén, 1820) (Herting & Dely-Draskovits 1993: 121).
 REMARKS: Rondani (1865c: 215) described Tachina latifrons from a single male: “ Marem unicum legi [I collected a single male]”.
description: Published as part of Sforzi, Alessandra & Sommaggio, Daniele, 2021, Catalog of the Diptera types described by Camillo Rondani, pp. 1-438 in Zootaxa 4989 (1) on page 358, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4989.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4980621
Effective Potentials for Light Moduli
Creators: name: de Alwis, S. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine recent work on compactifications of string theory with fluxes, where effective potentials for light moduli have been derived after integrating out moduli that are assumed to be heavy at the classical level, and then adding non-perturbative (NP) corrections to the superpotential. We find that this two stage procedure is not valid and that the correct potential has additional terms. Althought this does not affect the conclusion of Kachru et al (KKLT) that the Kaehler moduli may be stabilized by NP effects, it can affect the detailed physics. In particular it is possible to get metastable dS minima without adding uplifting terms.
description: Minor revisions, References added, Version to be published in PLB, 14 pages 3 figures
Assessing the Performance of a Machine Learning Algorithm in Identifying Bubbles in Dust Emission
Creators: name: Xu, Duo
name: Offner, Stella S. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stellar feedback created by radiation and winds from massive stars plays a significant role in both physical and chemical evolution of molecular clouds. This energy and momentum leaves an identifiable signature ("bubbles") that affect the dynamics and structure of the cloud. Most bubble searches are performed "by-eye", which are usually time-consuming, subjective and difficult to calibrate. Automatic classifications based on machine learning make it possible to perform systematic, quantifiable and repeatable searches for bubbles. We employ a previously developed machine learning algorithm, Brut, and quantitatively evaluate its performance in identifying bubbles using synthetic dust observations. We adopt magneto-hydrodynamics simulations, which model stellar winds launching within turbulent molecular clouds, as an input to generate synthetic images. We use a publicly available three-dimensional dust continuum Monte-Carlo radiative transfer code, hyperion, to generate synthetic images of bubbles in three Spitzer bands (4.5 um, 8 um and 24 um). We designate half of our synthetic bubbles as a training set, which we use to train Brut along with citizen-science data from the Milky Way Project. We then assess Brut's accuracy using the remaining synthetic observations. We find that after retraining Brut's performance increases significantly, and it is able to identify yellow bubbles, which are likely associated with B-type stars. Brut continues to perform well on previously identified high-score bubbles, and over 10% of the Milky Way Project bubbles are reclassified as high-confidence bubbles, which were previously marginal or ambiguous detections in the Milky Way Project data. We also investigate the size of the training set, dust model, evolution stage and background noise on bubble identification.
description: ApJ accepted
The Impact of Jury Race in Criminal Trials
Creators: name: Shamena  Anwar
name: Bayer, Patrick
name: Hjalmarsson, Randi
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: This article examines the impact of jury racial composition on trial outcomes using a data set of felony trials in Florida between 2000 and 2010. We use a research design that exploits day-to-day variation in the composition of the jury pool to isolate quasi-random variation in the composition of the seated jury, finding evidence that (i) juries formed from all-white jury pools convict black defendants significantly (16 percentage points) more often than white defendants, and (ii) this gap in conviction rates is entirely eliminated when the jury pool includes at least one black member. The impact of jury race is much greater than what a simple correlation of the race of the seated jury and conviction rates would suggest. These findings imply that the application of justice is highly uneven and raise obvious concerns about the fairness of trials in jurisdictions with a small proportion of blacks in the jury pool.
The Impact of Ebook Distribution on Print Sales: Analysis of a Natural Experiment
Creators: name: Hu, Yu Jeffrey
name: Smith, Michael
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Digital distribution channels introduce several new strategic questions for the creative industries. Two notable questions are (1) how will participation in digital channels impact physical sales, and (2) where should digital releases occur relative to existing “physical” release dates. These questions are particularly salient for book publishing where firms have expressed concern that making ebooks available alongside hardcover titles may cannibalize hardcover sales.

We analyze the impact of ebook availability on physical sales using a natural experiment that occurred between April and June 2010. Across all titles we find that delaying ebook availability results in a small (and statistically insignificant) increase in print sales and a large decrease in total ebook sales. However, we also find this effect is moderated by consumers’ brand awareness and digital channel preference: delaying Kindle availability for books with strong brand awareness and weak digital channel preference results in a statistically significant increase in print sales for those titles.

These results contribute to a growing academic literature analyzing the impact of digitization on marketing strategies in the media industries. Our results also highlight the usefulness of natural experiments derived from rapidly changing media distribution environments for identifying the impact of digital distribution channels on sales.
CUSTOMER LOYALTY AND SALES PROMOTION OF NIGERIAN BREWERY
Creators: name: Chika Clara, Anugwu
name: Chizoba, Bonaventure Okolocha
Publisher: name: SADI journals
Year: 2024
Subjects: Customer loyalty
Cooperate image and behavioural and Sale promotion

description: The study examined the association between customers’ loyalty and the sales promotion of Nigerian Brewery. Survey research was employed for the study. Data for the study were generated from the questionnaire administered to the respondents (staff of the Brewery). The hypotheses were tested using Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient at 0.05 level of significance with aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 20.0. Findings of the study revealed that there is a significant relationship between corporate image loyalty and sale promotion of Nigerian Brewery. It was also found out that a significant relationship exist between behavioural loyalty and sale promotion of Nigerian Brewery. Based on the findings, the study recommended among others, that strategies that boost emotional loyalty, such as product adverts should always strive to be in line with product functionality; and salespeople should always be encouraged to base arguments on actual product functions, not fictitious claims
Lower Pseudogap Phase: A Spin/Vortex Liquid State
Creators: name: Weng, Zheng-Yu
name: Qi, Xiao-Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pseudogap phase is considered as a new state of matter in the phase string model of the doped Mott insulator, which is composed of two distinct regimes known as upper and lower pseudogap phases, respectively. The former corresponds to the formation of spin singlet pairing and the latter is characterized by the formation of the Cooper pair amplitude and described by a generalized Gingzburg-Landau theory. Elementary excitation in this phase is a charge-neutral object carrying spin-1/2 and locking with a supercurrent vortex, known as spinon-vortex composite. Here thermally excited spinon-vortices destroy the phase coherence and are responsible for nontrivial Nernst effect and diamagnetism. The transport entropy and core energy associated with a spinon-vortex are determined by the spin degrees of freedom. Such a spontaneous vortex liquid phase can be also considered as a spin liquid with a finite correlation length and gapped S=1/2 excitations, where a resonancelike non-propagating spin mode emerges at the antiferromagnetic wavevector with a doping-dependent characteristic energy. A quantitative phase diagram in the parameter space of doping, temperature, and magnetic field is determined. Comparisons with experiments are also made.
description: 22 pages, 12 figures
QCD Sum Rule for $Λ$(1405)
Creators: name: Kim, Hungchong
name: Lee, Su Houng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the recently constructed interpolation field for S$_{11}$(1535), we propose a new interpolating field for $Λ$(1405). Using this current, we calculate the mass of $Λ$(1405) based on the conventional QCD sum rule analysis. By calculating the Wilson coefficients up to dimension 8 operators and taking into account the mass corrections from s-quark, we find the calculated mass of $Λ$(1405) to be very close to its experimental value.
description: 8 pages (including one figure), revtex
Scalable Log Determinants for Gaussian Process Kernel Learning
Creators: name: Dong, Kun
name: Eriksson, David
name: Nickisch, Hannes
name: Bindel, David
name: Wilson, Andrew Gordon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For applications as varied as Bayesian neural networks, determinantal point processes, elliptical graphical models, and kernel learning for Gaussian processes (GPs), one must compute a log determinant of an $n \times n$ positive definite matrix, and its derivatives - leading to prohibitive $\mathcal{O}(n^3)$ computations. We propose novel $\mathcal{O}(n)$ approaches to estimating these quantities from only fast matrix vector multiplications (MVMs). These stochastic approximations are based on Chebyshev, Lanczos, and surrogate models, and converge quickly even for kernel matrices that have challenging spectra. We leverage these approximations to develop a scalable Gaussian process approach to kernel learning. We find that Lanczos is generally superior to Chebyshev for kernel learning, and that a surrogate approach can be highly efficient and accurate with popular kernels.
description: Appears at Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 30 (NIPS), 2017
On Integrating Out Heavy Fields in SUSY Theories
Creators: name: de Alwis, S. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the procedure for integrating out heavy fields in supersymmetric (both global and local) theories. We find that the usual conditions need to be modified in general and we discuss the restrictions under which they are valid. These issues are relevant for recent work in string compactification with fluxes.
description: Typos corrected, minor changes. 10 pages
Anomalous temperature dependence of the single-particle spectrum in the organic conductor TTF-TCNQ
Creators: name: Bulut, N.
name: Matsueda, H.
name: Tohyama, T.
name: Maekawa, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The angle-resolved photoemission spectrum of the organic conductor TTF-TCNQ exhibits an unusual transfer of spectral weight over a wide energy range for temperatures 60K
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Silver isotope analysis of gold-silver alloys with applications to mineral deposit genesis
Creators: name: DAVIS, ALISON MAY
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geochemistry
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: This study developed a new method for the analysis of silver isotopes in natural gold samples, which is more efficient and reliable than previous approaches. This method was then applied to investigate the formation of gold deposits using samples collected from the Fosterville Gold Mine in Victoria. The vertical extent of gold distribution in the crust was found to be much greater than widely believed. Applying the method to the Sudbury impact structure in Canada, it was found that the extreme conditions of the impact process allowed an unusual array of fractionation processes that variably affected the silver isotope signature.
The Great Realignment: How the Changing Technology of Technological Change in Information Technology Affected the US and Japanese IT Industry, 1983-1999
Creators: name: Arora, Ashish
name: Branstetter, Lee
name: Drev, Matej
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: This paper empirically shows that innovation in Information Technology (IT) has become increasingly dependent on and intertwined with innovation in software. This change in the nature of IT innovation has had differential effects on the performance of the United States and Japan, two of the largest producers of IT globally. We document this linkage between software’s contribution in IT innovation and the differential innovation performance of US and Japanese electronics, semiconductors, and hardware firms. We collect patent data from USPTO in the period 1980-2002 and use a citation function approach to formally show the trend of increasing software dependence of IT innovation. Then, using a broad unbalanced panel of the largest US and Japanese publicly listed IT firms in the period 1983-1999, we show that (a) Japanese IT innovation relies less on software advances than US IT innovation, (b) the innovation performance of Japanese IT firms is increasingly lagging behind that of their US counterparts, particularly on IT sectors that are more software intensive, and (c) that US IT firms are increasingly outperforming their Japanese counterparts, particularly in more software intensive sectors. The findings of this paper could provide a fresh explanation for the relative decline of the Japanese IT industry in the 1990s.
Holographic metasurfaces for imaging, trapping, sensing, and antennas applications
Creators: name: Xiao, Jianling
Publisher: name: The University of St Andrews
Year: 2024
Subjects: Holographic metasurfaces
Environment-dependent hologram
Shape-dependent hologram
Curvature sensor
High NA meta-lens for optical trapping
Flexible metasurfaces

description: Holographic metasurfaces are known for their effective manipulation of light properties. They are the two-dimensional version of bulk metamaterials and are made by artifact subwavelength meta-atoms. Their applications span diverse fields, such as data storage, anti-counterfeiting, optical displays, high numerical aperture lenses, and sensing. This thesis delves into the exploration of holographic metasurface applications on both rigid and flexible substrates, including imaging, optical trapping, and curvature sensing over a wide wavelength range, from visible to millimeter waves. The design incorporates two types of metallic meta-atoms tailored to the different working wavelengths. This thesis provides detailed insights into the motivation, design, fabrication, and characterization processes. In this thesis, the implementation of two types of multiplexing is presented: the environment-dependent and the shape-dependent holographic metasurfaces. The former is fabricated on a rigid substrate and allows the generation of two switchable images by varying both the surrounding medium and the incident wavelength. The latter can also generate two switchable images by bending the substrate to target curvatures, either in concave or convex shape. They provide two new ways to encode and generate information through holographic metasurfaces. We have also developed high numerical aperture holographic metasurfaces on rigid substrates, up to 1.2, for on-chip optical trapping applications. We demonstrate the ability to trap both beads and extended objects with higher trapping stiffness greater than 400 pN/µm/W, which is comparable to conventional objectives at the same numerical aperture. Finally, we have developed a holographic metasurface on a flexible substrate for curvature sensing applications that operates in the visible region. Unlike existing solutions, it eliminates the need for pre-calibration and can be mounted on target objects. The sensor consists of two distinct patterned areas that can generate two images: a reference scale and a position indicator. The position of the indicator shifts within the reference scale as the metasurface deforms, providing instant readings of its curvature. These applications demonstrate the versatility of holographic metasurfaces, paving the way for multi-degree-of-freedom holographic encryption, a new class of multifunctional devices for lab-on-chip trapping applications, and real-time curvature monitoring. In addition, the use of flexible substrates enhances the adaptability of holographic metasurfaces, especially when adapting to non-flat surfaces for out-of-the-lab applications, as the metasurfaces can be transferred to any target object and integrated with other devices.
Electromagnetic N-$Δ$ transition form factors in a covariant quark-diquark model
Creators: name: Keiner, Volker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electromagnetic N-$Δ$ transition form factors are calculated in the framework of a formally covariant constituent diquark model. As a spin-3/2 particle the $Δ$ is assumed to be a bound state of a quark and an axial-vector diquark. The wave function is obtained from a diquark-quark Salpeter equation with an instantaneous quark exchange potential. The three transition form factors are calculated for momentum transfers squared from the pseudothreshold $(M_Δ-M_N)^2$ up to $-2 (GeV/c)^2$. The magnetic form factor is in qualitative agreement with experiment. We find very interesting results for the ratios E2/M1 and C2/M1.
description: 16 pp, RevTeX, 7 figs, uses epsf
The Globalization of the Software Industry: Perspectives and Opportunities for Developed and Developing Countries
Creators: name: Arora, Ashish
name: Gambardella, Alfonso
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: The spectacular growth of the software industry in some non-G7 economies has aroused both interest and concern. This paper addresses two sets of inter-related issues. First, we explore the determinants of these successful stories. We then touch upon the broader question of what lessons, if any, can be drawn from for economic development more generally. Finally, examining the long term implications of offshoring of software, we conclude that it is unlikely to pose a long term threat to American technological leadership. Instead, the U.S. economy will broadly benefit from the growth of new software producing regions. The U.S. technological leadership rests in part upon the continued position of the U.S. as the primary destination for highly trained and skilled scientists and engineers from the world over. Though this is likely to persist for some time the increasing attractiveness of foreign emerging economy destinations is a long-term concern for continued U.S. technological leadership.
Tachina noctuarum Rondani 1865
Creators: name: Sforzi, Alessandra
name: Sommaggio, Daniele
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Rhinophoridae
Tachina
Tachina noctuarum

description: Tachina noctuarum Rondani, 1865
ORIGINAL DESCRIPTION: 1865c: 212 (key), 213 (description).
TYPE LOCALITY: Rondani gave no type locality in his original description but presumably it is Italy because the work deals with Italian species.
 TYPE MATERIAL: 2 ♂♂, syntypes (MZUF: Box 13): Tachina Mgn / noctuarum Rnd., ♂ / 679; 1 ♀, syntype (MZUF: Box 13): Tachina Mgn / noctuarum Rnd., ♀, Trident. [Tridentum (= Trento, Italy)] / 680.
 CURRENT STATUS: junior synonym of Exorista (Exorista) larvarum (Linnaeus, 1758) (Herting & Dely-Draskovits 1993: 122).
 REMARKS: Rondani (1865c: 213) described Tachina noctuarum without specifying either the number or the sex of the specimens and not giving a range of lengths. Herting (1969: 197) incorrectly reported just two males in the MZUF. We found three syntypes in this study: two males and one female. The males and the female have different identification numbers.
description: Published as part of Sforzi, Alessandra & Sommaggio, Daniele, 2021, Catalog of the Diptera types described by Camillo Rondani, pp. 1-438 in Zootaxa 4989 (1) on page 358, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4989.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4980621
Estimation of BBR shift due to Stark effect for the Microwave $^{113}$Cd$^{+}$ Ion Clock
Creators: name: Yu, Yan-mei
name: Sahoo, B. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The microwave clock frequency of the $|5s~^2S_{1/2}, F=0,m_F=0 \rangle \leftrightarrow |5s~^2S_{1/2}, F=1,m_F=0 \rangle$ transition in the $^{113}$Cd$^+$ ion has been reported as 15199862855.0192(10) Hz [Opt. Lett. {\bf 40}, 4249 (2015)]. Fractional systematic due to the black-body radiation (BBR) shift ($β$) arising from the Stark effect in the above clock transition was used as $-1.1 \times 10^{-16}$ from our unpublished preliminary estimation. We present here a precise value as $β=-1.815(77) \times 10^{-16}$ by carrying out rigorous calculations of third-order polarizabilities of the hyperfine levels associated with the clock transition. This is determined by evaluating matrix elements of the magnetic dipole hyperfine interaction Hamiltonian, electric dipole operator and energies between many low-lying states of $^{113}$Cd$^+$. We employ all-order relativistic many-body theories in the frameworks of Fock-space coupled-cluster and relativistic multi-configuration Dirac-Fock methods.
description: 6 pages
Observational signatures of feedback in QSO absorption spectra
Creators: name: Theuns, Tom
name: Mo, H. J.
name: Schaye, Joop
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Models for the formation of galaxies and clusters of galaxies require strong feedback in order to explain the observed properties of these systems. We investigate whether such feedback has observational consequences for the intergalactic medium, as probed in absorption towards background quasars. A typical quasar sight-line intersects one proto-cluster per unit redshift, and significant feedback from forming galaxies or AGN, heating the proto-cluster gas, will result in a large clearing of reduced absorption in the Lyman alpha-forest. Such a gap could be detected at redshift > 3 when the mean opacity is high. Feedback from Lyman-break galaxies in proto-clusters can be probed by the absorption lines produced in their winds. Strong feedback from galaxies has a major impact on the number and properties of absorption lines with neutral hydrogen column densities of 10^16/ cm^2. This feedback can be probed with multiple sight-lines and by studying the unsaturated higher-order lines of the Lyman series. Galactic winds from dwarf galaxies should break-up into clouds, in order not to over produce the number of absorption lines. These clouds can then coast to large distances.
description: MNRAS published version (minor changes)
Additional file 4 of Heparinized chitosan stabilizes the bioactivity of BMP-2 and potentiates the osteogenic efficacy of demineralized bone matrix
Creators: name: Kim, Soyon
name: Fan, Jiabing
name: Lee, Chung-Sung
name: Chen, Chen
name: Bubukina, Ksenia
name: Lee, Min
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 4: Figure S4. Half-life extension of BMP-2 induced by Hep-MeGC. BMSCs were cultured with 100 ng mL− 1 of BMP-2 with MeGC (blue) and Hep-MeGC (orange) for prolonged condition and with 200 ng mL− 1 MMP-9 for proteolysis condition. The concentration of BMP-2 near cell layer were quantified by BMP-2 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Quantum gravity and the standard model
Creators: name: Bilson-Thompson, Sundance O.
name: Markopoulou, Fotini
name: Smolin, Lee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a class of background independent models of quantum spacetime have local excitations that can be mapped to the first generation fermions of the standard model of particle physics. These states propagate coherently as they can be shown to be noiseless subsystems of the microscopic quantum dynamics. These are identified in terms of certain patterns of braiding of graphs, thus giving a quantum gravitational foundation for the topological preon model proposed by one of us. These results apply to a large class of theories in which the Hilbert space has a basis of states given by ribbon graphs embedded in a three-dimensional manifold up to diffeomorphisms, and the dynamics is given by local moves on the graphs, such as arise in the representation theory of quantum groups. For such models, matter appears to be already included in the microscopic kinematics and dynamics.
description: 12 pages, 21 figures, improved presentation, results unchanged
Geographical isolation as reproductive barrier in phylogenetically related Aquilegia species (Ranunculaceae)
Creators: name: Pinzani, Lorenzo
name: Casazza, Gabriele
name: Bedini, Gianni
name: Carta, Angelino
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology

description: Knowing the determinants of biodiversity is crucial to understanding the differentiation of living organisms. Several gene-flow limiting processes can drive divergence, including adaptive ecological differentiation or geographical isolation both constituting environmental-dependent reproductive barriers. Furthermore, the strength of these processes may be associated to the degree to which ecological niches are conserved and shared by phylogenetically related species. Here, we aim to disentangle these two alternatives reproductive barriers by evaluating the degree of ecological niche similarity among phylogenetically related species. We performed ecological niche modelling (ENM) on four species belonging to a recently diversified genus (Aquilegia, Ranunculaceae) occurring in montane environments of the Alpine and Apennine chains (southern Europe). Results show that niche differentiation among species is related to phylogenetic distinctiveness. Nevertheless, niche similarity tests indicated that the conditions selected by the species are more similar than expected from the null models, even though they are sparsely available in the respective ecological spaces, suggesting that the observed pattern may result from phylogenetic niche conservatism. These results, highlight that paleogeographic events in south-European mountains may have driven divergence by isolation in Aquilegia while partially retaining the possibly ancestral characters of the niches.
Baryon-to-entropy ratio in very high energy nuclear collisions
Creators: name: Eskola, K. J.
name: Kajantie, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute as a function of rapidity $y$ the baryon number carried by quarks and antiquarks with $p_T > p_0 \approx$ 2 GeV produced in Pb+Pb collisions at TeV energies. The computation is carried out in lowest order QCD perturbation theory using structure functions compatible with HERA results. At $p_0=2$ GeV the initial gluon density is both transversally saturated and thermalised in the sense that the energy/gluon equals to that of an ideal gas with the same energy density. Even at these high energies the initial net baryon number density at $y=0$ at $τ=0.1$ fm will be more than the normal nuclear matter density but the baryon-to-entropy ratio is only $(B-\bar B)/S\sim 1/5000$. Further evolution of the system is discussed and the final baryon-to-entropy ratio is estimated.
description: 19 pages, including 10 ps-figures
Resonance electronic excitation energy transfer in the quantum dot system
Creators: name: Chikalova-Luzina, O. P.
name: Samosvat, D. M.
name: Vyatkin, V. M.
name: Zegrya, G. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microscopic theory of the nonradiative energy transfer in a system of III-V semiconductor quantum dots is elaborated in our work. The energy transfer both due to direct Coulomb and due to exchange interactions between two quantum dots (energy donor and acceptor) is considered. An analysis of energy transfer process is performed in the frame of the Kane model that provides the most adequate description of the real energy spectra and wave functions of III-V semiconductors. The density-matrix method is applied, which enabled us to analyze the energy transfer rate both in the weak-interaction approximation and in the strong-interaction approximation. For the first time the detailed analytical calculations of the exchange energy transfer rate for the quantum dot system are performed. The analytical expressions for contributions to the transfer rate are derived. The numerical calculations showed that at nearly contact distances between two quantum dots the rate of the energy transfer due to the direct Coulomb interaction as well as by exchange interaction can reach the saturation. At the small distances, these two contributions can be of the same order and can have the same value in the saturation range. It is revealed that the exchange interaction should be taken into consideration in qualitative describing the energy transfer at small distances between the quantum dot donor and the quantum dot acceptor.
description: 58 pages 7 figures
The 1-point PDF of the Initial Conditions of our Local Universe from the IRAS PSC redshift catalogue
Creators: name: Monaco, P.
name: Efstathiou, G.
name: Maddox, S. J.
name: Branchini, E.
name: Frenk, C. S.
name: McMahon, R. G.
name: Oliver, S. J.
name: Rowan-Robinson, M.
name: Saunders, W.
name: Sutherland, W. J.
name: Tadros, H.
name: White, S. D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The algorithm ZTRACE of Monaco & Efstathiou (1999) is applied to the IRAS PSCz catalogue to reconstruct the initial conditions of our local Universe with a resolution down to ~5 Mpc/h. The 1-point PDF of the reconstructed initial conditions is consistent with the assumptions that (i) IRAS galaxies trace mass on scales of ~5 Mpc/h, and (ii) the statistics of primordial density fluctuations is Gaussian. We use simulated PSCz catalogues, constructed from N-body simulations with Gaussian initial conditions, to show that local non-linear bias can cause the recovered initial PDF (assuming no bias) to be non-Gaussian. However, for plausible bias models, the distortions of the recovered PDF would be difficult to detect using the volume finely sampled by the PSCz catalogue. So, for Gaussian initial conditions, a range of bias models remain compatible with our PSCz reconstruction results.
description: 13 pages, figures included (needs mn.sty), in press on MNRAS
title: ADCO, Comptes du Petit-Cîteaux (1477-1491) (11 H 1179), f. 00139
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CBMA/CG21/F.PETOT/2019
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire
subject: comptes
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Comptes du Petit-Cîteaux (1477-1491), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1179). Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Comptes du Petit-Cîteaux (1477-1491), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1179), f. 00139, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
The Glass Ceiling for Asian Americans: How Perceptions of Competence and Social Skills Explain Hiring Differentials
Creators: name: Lai, Lei
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Heinz College paper