cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Anomalous Spectral Types and Intrinsic Colors of Young Stars
Creators: name: Pecaut, Mark J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We highlight differences in spectral types and intrinsic colors observed in pre-main sequence (pre-MS) stars. Spectral types of pre-MS stars are wavelength-dependent, with near-infrared spectra being 3-5 spectral sub-classes later than the spectral types determined from optical spectra. In addition, the intrinsic colors of young stars differ from that of main-sequence stars at a given spectral type. We caution observers to adopt optical spectral types over near-infrared types, since Hertzsprung-Russell (H-R) diagram positions derived from optical spectral types provide consistency between dynamical masses and theoretical evolutionary tracks. We also urge observers to deredden pre-MS stars with tabulations of intrinsic colors specifically constructed for young stars, since their unreddened colors differ from that of main sequence dwarfs. Otherwise, V-band extinctions as much as ~0.6 mag erroneously higher than the true extinction may result, which would introduce systematic errors in the H-R diagram positions and thus bias the inferred ages.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures; Proceedings IAU Symposium No. 314, 2015, Young Stars & Planets Near the Sun
Electronic supplementary material for "Turning tables: food availability shapes dynamic aggressive behaviour among asynchronously hatching siblings in red kites Milvus milvus"
Creators: name: Catitti, Benedetta
name: Kormann, Urs G.
name: van Bergen, Valentijn S.
name: Grüebler, Martin U.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 60801
subject: Animal Behaviour

description: This document contains two plots and a text paragraph describing in detail some methodological decisions, namely the period interval used to analyse aggressive behaviour and the resolution of aggressive interactions. Further, it includes two model summary tables from the analysis of food allocation in relation to food availability and aggression patterns (corresponding to figure 3 in the main text).
Theory of noncontact friction for atom-surface interactions
Creators: name: Jentschura, U. D.
name: Janke, M.
name: DeKieviet, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The noncontact (van der Waals) friction is an interesting physical effect which has been the subject of controversial scientific discussion. The "direct" friction term due to the thermal fluctuations of the electromagnetic field leads to a friction force proportional to 1/Z^5 where Z is the atom-wall distance). The "backaction" friction term takes into account the feedback of thermal fluctuations of the atomic dipole moment onto the motion of the atom and scales as 1/Z^8. We investigate noncontact friction effects for the interactions of hydrogen, ground-state helium and metastable helium atoms with alpha-quartz (SiO_2), gold (Au) and calcium difluorite (CaF_2). We find that the backaction term dominates over the direct term induced by the thermal electromagnetic fluctuations inside the material, over wide distance ranges. The friction coefficients obtained for gold are smaller than those for SiO_2 and CaF_2 by several orders of magnitude.
description: 11 pages; ReVTeX
Markov processes conditioned on their location at large exponential times
Creators: name: Evans, Steven N.
name: Hening, Alexandru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J25, 60J35, 60J55, 60J60

description: Suppose that $(X_t)_{t \ge 0}$ is a one-dimensional Brownian motion with negative drift $-μ$. It is possible to make sense of conditioning this process to be in the state $0$ at an independent exponential random time and if we kill the conditioned process at the exponential time the resulting process is Markov. If we let the rate parameter of the random time go to $0$, then the limit of the killed Markov process evolves like $X$ conditioned to hit $0$, after which time it behaves as $X$ killed at the last time $X$ visits $0$. Equivalently, the limit process has the dynamics of the killed "bang--bang" Brownian motion that evolves like Brownian motion with positive drift $+μ$ when it is negative, like Brownian motion with negative drift $-μ$ when it is positive, and is killed according to the local time spent at $0$. An extension of this result holds in great generality for Borel right processes conditioned to be in some state $a$ at an exponential random time, at which time they are killed. Our proofs involve understanding the Campbell measures associated with local times, the use of excursion theory, and the development of a suitable analogue of the "bang--bang" construction for general Markov processes. As examples, we consider the special case when the transient Borel right process is a one-dimensional diffusion. Characterizing the limiting conditioned and killed process via its infinitesimal generator leads to an investigation of the $h$-transforms of transient one-dimensional diffusion processes that goes beyond what is known and is of independent interest.
description: 39 pages
The Special Role of Toroidal Black Holes in Holography
Creators: name: McInnes, Brett
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the standard holographic ``dictionary'', the deep infrared of the strongly coupled boundary field theory is studied by examining the bulk region near to the event horizon of a simple AdS-Reissner-Nordström black hole, near to extremality. Recently Horowitz et al. have argued that this is not correct, \emph{except} in the case of small toroidal black holes, which are therefore revealed to be particularly interesting and important. On the other hand, the Weak Gravity Conjecture postulates that black holes (including toroidal black holes) which are extremely near to extremality spontaneously emit black holes of the same kind. We show that, in the toroidal case, these ``emitted'' black holes are always small in the sense of Horowitz et al. As an application, we discuss the Grinberg-Maldacena analysis of the way one-point functions, evaluated outside an AdS-Reissner-Nordström black hole, depend on the proper time of fall from the event horizon to the Cauchy horizon. We find that, for emitted toroidal black holes, this dependence effectively drops out.
description: Various corrections and clarifications. Version to appear in Nuclear Physics B. 14 pages, no figures
Nuclear axial current operators to fourth order in chiral effective field theory
Creators: name: Krebs, H.
name: Epelbaum, E.
name: Meißner, U. -G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the complete derivation of the nuclear axial charge and current operators as well as the pseudoscalar operators to fourth order in the chiral expansion relative to the dominant one-body contribution using the method of unitary transformation. We demonstrate that the unitary ambiguity in the resulting operators can be eliminated by the requirement of renormalizability and by matching of the pion-pole contributions to the nuclear forces. We give expressions for the renormalized single-, two- and three-nucleon contributions to the charge and current operators and pseudoscalar operators including the relevant relativistic corrections. We also verify explicitly the validity of the continuity equation.
description: 72 pages, 21 figures, 3 tables
Colorings of odd or even chirality on hexagonal lattices
Creators: name: Cepas, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We define two classes of colorings that have odd or even chirality on hexagonal lattices. This parity is an invariant in the dynamics of all loops, and explains why standard Monte-Carlo algorithms are nonergodic. We argue that adding the motion of "stranded" loops allows for parity changes. By implementing this algorithm, we show that the even and odd classes have the same entropy. In general, they do not have the same number of states, except for the special geometry of long strips, where a Z$_2$ symmetry between even and odd states occurs in the thermodynamic limit.
description: 18 pages, 13 figures
The estimation of demand and supply equations in the United States ferrous scrap industry
Creators: name: Marshman, Ken S.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Edge Learning for B5G Networks with Distributed Signal Processing: Semantic Communication, Edge Computing, and Wireless Sensing
Creators: name: Xu, Wei
name: Yang, Zhaohui
name: Ng, Derrick Wing Kwan
name: Levorato, Marco
name: Eldar, Yonina C.
name: Debbah, M'erouane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To process and transfer large amounts of data in emerging wireless services, it has become increasingly appealing to exploit distributed data communication and learning. Specifically, edge learning (EL) enables local model training on geographically disperse edge nodes and minimizes the need for frequent data exchange. However, the current design of separating EL deployment and communication optimization does not yet reap the promised benefits of distributed signal processing, and sometimes suffers from excessive signalling overhead, long processing delay, and unstable learning convergence. In this paper, we provide an overview on practical distributed EL techniques and their interplay with advanced communication optimization designs. In particular, typical performance metrics for dual-functional learning and communication networks are discussed. Also, recent achievements of enabling techniques for the dual-functional design are surveyed with exemplifications from the mutual perspectives of "communications for learning" and "learning for communications." The application of EL techniques within a variety of future communication systems are also envisioned for beyond 5G (B5G) wireless networks. For the application in goal-oriented semantic communication, we present a first mathematical model of the goal-oriented source entropy as an optimization problem. In addition, from the viewpoint of information theory, we identify fundamental open problems of characterizing rate regions for communication networks supporting distributed learning-and-computing tasks. We also present technical challenges as well as emerging application opportunities in this field, with the aim of inspiring future research and promoting widespread developments of EL in B5G.
On the dynamics of dust during protostellar collapse
Creators: name: Bate, Matthew R.
name: Loren-Aguilar, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of dust and gas can be quite different from each other when the dust is poorly coupled to the gas. In protoplanetary discs, it is well known that this decoupling of the dust and gas can lead to diverse spatial structures and dust-to-gas ratios. In this paper, we study the dynamics of dust and gas during the earlier phase of protostellar collapse, before a protoplanetary disc is formed. We find that for dust grains with sizes < 10 micron, the dust is well coupled during the collapse of a rotating, pre-stellar core and there is little variation of the dust-to-gas ratio during the collapse. However, if larger grains are present, they may have trajectories that are very different from the gas during the collapse, leading to mid-plane settling and/or oscillations of the dust grains through the mid-plane. This may produce variations in the dust-to-gas ratio and very different distributions of large and small dust grains at the very earliest stages of star formation, if large grains are present in pre-stellar cores.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Animations available at: http://www.astro.ex.ac.uk/people/mbate/Animations/
The multitrace matrix model: An alternative to Connes NCG and IKKT model
Creators: name: Ydri, Badis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new multitrace matrix model, which is a generalization of the real quartic one matrix model, exhibiting dynamical emergence of a fuzzy two-sphere and its non-commutative gauge theory. This provides a novel and a much simpler alternative to Connes non-commutative geometry and to the IKKT matrix model for emergent geometry in two dimensions.
description: 3 pages
The development of steam postal communications between Victoria and Great Britain, 1840-1890
Creators: name: Mitchell, Kenneth James.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
VVV High proper motion stars I. The catalogue of bright Ks < 13.5 stars
Creators: name: Kurtev, R.
name: Gromadzki, M.
name: Beamin, J. C.
name: Folkes, S. L.
name: Ramirez, K. Pena
name: Ivanov, V. D.
name: Borissova, J.
name: Villanueva, V.
name: Minniti, D.
name: Mendez, R.
name: Lucas, P. W.
name: Smith, L. C.
name: Pinfield, D. J.
name: Kuhn, M. A.
name: Jones, H. R. A.
name: Antonova, A.
name: Yip, A. K. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Knowledge of the stellar content near the Sun is important for a broad range of topics ranging from the search for planets to the study of Milky Way structure. The most powerful method for identifying potentially nearby stars is proper motion (PM) surveys. All old optical surveys avoid, or are at least substantially incomplete, near the Galactic plane. The depth and breadth of the "Vista Variables in Via Lactea" (VVV) near-IR survey significantly improves this situation. Taking advantage of the VVV survey database, we have measured PMs in the densest regions of the MW bulge and southern plane in order to complete the census of nearby objects. We have developed a custom PM pipeline based on VVV catalogues from the Cambridge Astronomy Survey Unit (CASU), by comparing the first epoch of JHKs with the multi-epoch Ks-bands acquired later. Taking advantage of the large time baseline between the 2MASS and the VVV observations, we also obtained 2MASS-VVV PMs. We present a near-IR proper motion catalogue for the whole area of the VVV survey, which includes 3003 moving stellar sources. All of these have been visually inspected and are real PM objects. Our catalogue is in very good agreement with the proper motion data supplied in IR catalogues outside the densest zone of the MW. The majority of the PM objects in our catalogue are nearby M-dwarfs, as expected. This new database allow us to identify 57 common proper motion binary candidates, among which are two new systems within ~30pc of the Sun.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, accepted in the MNRAS
Internal labour markets for engineers in Australian industry
Creators: name: Daly, Clifford N.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
A probabilistic proof of a binomial identity
Creators: name: Peterson, Jonathon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give an elementary probabilistic proof of a binomial identity. The proof is obtained by computing the probability of a certain event in two different ways, yielding two different expressions for the same quantity.
description: Published as a note in the American Mathematical Monthly
AAfrag 2.01: Interpolation routines for Monte Carlo results on secondary production including light antinuclei in hadronic interactions
Creators: name: Kachelriess, M.
name: Ostapchenko, S.
name: Tjemsland, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light antinuclei, like antideuteron and antihelium-3, are ideal probes for new, exotic physics because their astrophysical backgrounds are suppressed at low energies. In order to exploit fully the inherent discovery potential of light antinuclei, a reliable description of their production cross sections in cosmic ray interactions is crucial. We provide therefore the cross sections of antideuteron and antihelium-3 production in $pp$, $p$He, He$p$, HeHe, $\bar pp$ and $\bar p$He collisions at energies relevant for secondary production in the Milky Way, in a tabulated form which is convinient to use. These predictions are based on QGSJET-II-04m and the state of the art coalescence model WiFunC, which evaluates the coalesence probability on an event-by-event basis, including both momentum correlations and the dependence on the emission volume. In addition, we comment on the importance of a Monte Carlo description of the antideuteron production and on the use of event generators in general. In particular, we discuss the effect of two-particle momentum correlations provided by Monte Carlo event generators on antinuclei production.
description: 10 pages, 6 pdf figures; v2: more detailed discussion of the program, minor changes, accepted version
Magnetic reconnection: from MHD to QED
Creators: name: Bulanov, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper examines the prospects of using laser plasmas for studying novel regimes of the magnetic field line reconnection and charged particle acceleration. Basic features of plasma dynamics in the three-dimensional configurations relevant to the formation of current sheets in a plasma are addressed by analyzing exact self-similar solutions of the magneto-hydrodynamics and electron magneto-hydrodynamics equations. Then the magnetic field annihilation in the ultrarelativistic limit is considered, when the opposite polarity magnetic field is generated in collisionless plasma by multiple laser pulses, in the regime with a dominant contribution of the displacement current exciting a strong large-scale electric field. This field leads to the conversion of the magnetic energy into the kinetic energy of accelerated particles inside a thin current sheet. Charged particle acceleration during magnetic field reconnection is discussed when radiation friction and quantum electrodynamics effects become dominant.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures
An economic analysis of regulation of the taxi industry, incorporating an empirical study of the Melbourne taxi market
Creators: name: Arblaster, Margaret.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Metallicity and Age of the Stellar Stream Around the Disk Galaxy NGC 5907
Creators: name: Laine, Seppo
name: Grillmair, Carl J.
name: Capak, Peter
name: Arendt, Richard G.
name: Romanowsky, Aaron J.
name: Martinez-Delgado, David
name: Ashby, Matthew L. N.
name: Davies, James E.
name: Majewski, Stephen R.
name: Brodie, Jean P.
name: GaBany, R. Jay
name: Arnold, Jacob A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stellar streams have become central to studies of the interaction histories of nearby galaxies. To characterize the most prominent parts of the stellar stream around the well-known nearby (d = 17 Mpc) edge-on disk galaxy NGC 5907, we have obtained and analyzed new, deep gri Subaru/Suprime-Cam and 3.6 micron Spitzer/Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) observations. Combining the near-infrared 3.6 micron data with visible-light images allows us to use a long wavelength baseline to estimate the metallicity and age of the stellar population along a ~60 kpc long segment of the stream. We have fitted the stellar spectral energy distribution (SED) with a single-burst stellar population synthesis model and we use it to distinguish between the proposed satellite accretion and minor/major merger formation models of the stellar stream around this galaxy. We conclude that a massive minor merger (stellar mass ratio of at least 1:8) can best account for the metallicity of -0.3 inferred along the brightest parts of the stream.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal
Niobrara River Basin, Nebraska, Water and Related Land Resources
Creators: name: Economic Research Service
name: Service, Forest
name: Soil Conservation Service
name: Economic Research Service
name: Service, Forest
name: Soil Conservation Service
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1973
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Community/Rural/Urban Development
Crop Production/Industries
Environmental Economics and Policy
Labor and Human Capital
Land Economics/Use
Livestock Production/Industries
Productivity Analysis
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Excerpts from the report: The Niobrara River Basin study included the adjacent drainage of Ponca Creek, tributary to the Missouri River. The combined area drained by these two streams is approximately 13,866 square miles, or some 8,874,300 acres. About 84 percent of this area, or 7,444,600 acres, is located in 15 northern Nebraska counties extending from the Wyoming state line on the west to an eastern point where the Niobrara River enters the Missouri River near the village of Niobrara, Nebraska. The main objectives of the USDA study are to (1) inventory the natural resources of the basin; (2) analyze the basin's economy relative to present conditions, historic trends, and projections; (3) determine the cause, extent, and frequency of the basin's resource problems; (4) determine the present and future need for development based on resource problems and projected economic activity; (5) describe the pertinent existing water and related land resource projects and programs; (6) describe the physical potential or capability of the basin to supply water and related land resources for development to meet identifiable needs; and (7) describe the opportunities for development through USDA projects and programs and determine their estimated impacts upon the basin.
description: The Niobrara River Basin report was prepared by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), under authority of Section 6 of the Watershed Protection and Flood Prevention Act, as amended (Public Law 83-566, enacted in August 1954). This cooperative Type IV river basin survey was authorized for investigations and studies by the Administrator of the Soil Conservation Service on June 15, 1966. This river basin study was requested by the Niobrara River Association through the Nebraska Soil and Water Conservation Commission, the state coordinating agency (presently entitled the Nebraska Natural Resource Commission).
MPEC 2023-S22 : 2023 RM15
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 RM15

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Supplementary Tables and figures from High-resolution app data reveal sustained increases in recreational fishing effort in Europe during and after COVID-19 lockdowns
Creators: name: Audzijonyte, Asta
name: Mateos-González, Fernando
name: Dainys, Justas
name: Gundelund, Casper
name: Skov, Christian
name: Tyrell DeWeber, J.
name: Venturelli, Paul
name: Vienožinskis, Vincentas
name: Smit, Carl
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: Environmental Science

description: It is well-recognized that COVID-19 lockdowns impacted human interactions with natural ecosystems. One example is recreational fishing, which, in developed countries, involves approximately 10% of people. Fishing licence sales and observations at angling locations suggest that recreational fishing effort increased substantially during lockdowns. However, the extent and duration of this increase remain largely unknown. We used four years (2018–2021) of high-resolution data from a personal fish-finder device to explore the impact of COVID-19 lockdowns on angling effort in four European countries. We show that relative device use and angling effort increased 1.2–3.8-fold during March–May 2020 and generally remained elevated even at the end of 2021. Fishing during the first lockdown also became more frequent on weekdays. Statistical models explained 50–70% of the variation, suggesting that device use and angling effort were relatively consistent and predictable through space and time. Our study demonstrates that recreational fishing behaviour can change substantially and rapidly in response to societal shifts, with profound ecological, human well-being and economic implications. We also show the potential of angler devices and smartphone applications for high-resolution fishing effort analysis and encourage more extensive science and industry collaborations to take advantage of this information.
Magic wavelength for the hydrogen 1S-2S transition: Contribution of the continuum and the reduced-mass correction
Creators: name: Adhikari, C. M.
name: Kawasaki, A.
name: Jentschura, U. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, we studied the magic wavelength for the atomic hydrogen 1S-2S transition [A.K., Phys. Rev. A 92, 042507 (2015)]. An explicit summation over virtual atomic states of the discrete part of the hydrogen spectrum was performed to evaluate the atomic polarizability. In this paper, we supplement the contribution of the continuum part of the spectrum and add the reduced-mass correction. The magic wavelength, at which the lowest-order ac Stark shifts of the 1S and 2S states are equal, is found to be equal to 514.6 nm. The ac Stark shift at the magic wavelength is -221.6 Hz / (kW/cm^2), and the slope of the ac Stark shift at the magic wavelength under a change of the driving laser frequency is -0.2157 Hz/ (GHz kW/cm^2).
description: 4 pages; RevTeX
MPEC 2023-S23 : 2023 RN15
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 RN15

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Primordial black holes and scalar-induced gravitational waves from the generalized Brans-Dicke theory
Creators: name: Yi, Zhu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The power spectrum of the scalar-tensor inflation with a quadratic form Ricci scalar coupling function $Ω(ϕ)=1- 2ϕ/ϕ_c+(1+δ^2)(ϕ/ϕ_c)^2$ can be enhanced enough to produce primordial black holes and generate scalar-induced gravitational waves. The masses of primordial black holes and the frequencies of scalar-induced gravitational waves are controlled by the parameter $ϕ_c$, and their amplitudes are determined by the parameter $δ$. Primordial black holes with stellar masses, planetary masses, and masses around $10^{-12} M_\odot$ are produced and their abundances are obtained from the peak theory. The frequencies of the corresponding scalar-induced gravitational waves are around $10^{-9}$ Hz, $10^{-6}$ Hz, and $10^{-3}$ Hz, respectively. The primordial black holes with masses around $10^{-12} M_\odot$ can account for almost all of the dark matter, and the scalar-induced gravitational waves with frequencies around $10^{-9}$ Hz can explain the NANOGrav 12.5yrs signal.
description: 26 pages, 3 figures
MPEC 2023-S24 : 2023 SB
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 SB

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
A transformer-based synthetic-inflow generator for spatially-developing turbulent boundary layers
Creators: name: Yousif, Mustafa Z.
name: Zhang, Meng
name: Yu, Linqi
name: Vinuesa, Ricardo
name: Lim, HeeChang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study proposes a newly-developed deep-learning-based method to generate turbulent inflow conditions for spatially-developing turbulent boundary layer (TBL) simulations. A combination of a transformer and a multiscale-enhanced super-resolution generative adversarial network is utilized to predict velocity fields of a spatially-developing TBL at various planes normal to the streamwise direction. Datasets of direct numerical simulation (DNS) of flat plate flow spanning a momentum thickness-based Reynolds number, Re_theta = 661.5 - 1502.0, are used to train and test the model. The model shows a remarkable ability to predict the instantaneous velocity fields with detailed fluctuations and reproduce the turbulence statistics as well as spatial and temporal spectra with commendable accuracy as compared with the DNS results. The proposed model also exhibits a reasonable accuracy for predicting velocity fields at Reynolds numbers that are not used in the training process. With the aid of transfer learning, the computational cost of the proposed model is considered to be effectively low. The results demonstrate, for the first time that transformer-based models can be efficient in predicting the dynamics of turbulent flows. It also shows that combining these models with generative adversarial networks-based models can be useful in tackling various turbulence-related problems, including the development of efficient synthetic-turbulent inflow generators.
description: 26 pages, 24 figures, Revised and accepted in the JFM (16 December, 2022)
Report on data quality and usability assessment strategies to support assessment and compatibility of intake and consumer behaviour datasets for FNS-Cloud
Creators: name: Gibney, Eileen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: dietary intake
methods
quality
analysis
consumer behaviour
lifestyle

description: In the era of increasing data reuse, it is imperative for the maintenance of scientific quality that all data selected for secondary analysis be fit for the intended purpose. Whilst it is true that many datasets can be reused the question remains over whether they should be. Within FNS-Cloud there is a need for a framework to support the researcher in making that decision. This deliverable primarily captures data from the food intake and lifestyle domain of the FNS-Cloud data map (presented in deliverable 2.1). Therefore, the aim of this deliverable is to to describe the development of a quality assessment framework for FNS-Cloud. To achieve this aim markers of quality were identified for dietary intake, lifestyle, demographic, anthropometric and consumer behaviour data where quality was considered at a data collection, data management and data analysis level. These markers then informed the development of flow charts for each data domain. The flow charts comprise a series of questions relating to an aspect of quality specific to each data domain. Individualised messages specific to the answers given to each question were developed to provide the researcher with considerations to support them in their decision of whether the data they have selected is appropriate for their research question. As part of the next phase of implementing the quality assessment into FNS-Cloud, the flow charts will undergo a 2-step evaluation process: 1) internal by partners of FNS-Cloud with domain specific knowledge, 2) external by specific members of the EEAB. It is hoped that the framework will be deployed within FNS Cloud and used by all data users as one of the first steps in identifying datasets suitable for use in their specific analyses.
Bootstrapping the effect of the twist operator in symmetric orbifold CFTs
Creators: name: Guo, Bin
name: Hampton, Shaun D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the 2D symmetric orbifold CFT of two copies of free bosons. The twist operator can join the two separated copies in the untwisted sector into a joined copy in the twisted sector. Starting with a state with any number of quanta in the untwisted sector, the state in the twisted sector obtained by the action of the twist operator can be computed by using the covering map method. We develop a new method to compute the effect of a twist operator by using the Bogoliubov ansatz and conformal symmetry. This may lead to more efficient tools to compute correlation functions involving twist operators.
description: 33 pages, 2 figures
Charge Order in NbSe$_2$
Creators: name: Flicker, Felix
name: van Wezel, Jasper
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop in detail a model of the charge order in NbSe$_2$ deriving from a strong electron-phonon coupling dependent on the ingoing and outgoing electron momenta as well as the electronic orbitals scattered between. Including both dependencies allows us to reproduce the full range of available experimental observations on this material. The stability of both experimentally-observed charge-ordered geometries (1Q and 3Q) is studied within this model as a function of temperature and uniaxial strain. It is found that a small amount of bulk strain suffices to stabilize the unidirectional order, and that in both ordering geometries, lattice fluctuations arising from the strong electron-phonon coupling act to suppress the onset temperature of charge order, giving a pseudogap regime characterized by local order and strong phase fluctuations.
description: 18 pages, 22 figures
Boron Nitride Nanosheets Improve Sensitivity and Reusability of Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Cai, Qiran
name: Mateti, Srikanth
name: Yang, Wenrong
name: Jones, Rob
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Huang, Shaoming
name: Chen, Ying
name: Li, Lu Hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a useful multidisciplinary analytic technique. However, it is still a challenge to produce SERS substrates that are highly sensitive, reproducible, stable, reusable, and scalable. Here, we demonstrate that atomically thin boron nitride (BN) nanosheets have many unique and desirable properties to help solve this challenge. The synergic effect of the atomic thickness, high flexibility, stronger surface adsorption capability, electrical insulation, impermeability, high thermal and chemical stability of BN nanosheets can increase the Raman sensitivity by up to two orders, and in the meantime attain long-term stability and extraordinary reusability not achievable by other materials. These advances will greatly facilitate the wider use of SERS in many fields.
Accelerating the heat diffusion: fast thermal relaxation of a microcantilever
Creators: name: Pottier, Basile
name: Plata, Carlos
name: Trizac, Emmanuel
name: Guéry-Odelin, David
name: Bellon, Ludovic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In most systems, thermal diffusion is intrinsically slow with respect to mechanical relaxation. We devise here a generic approach to accelerate the relaxation of the temperature field of a 1D object, in order to beat the mechanical time scales. This approach is applied to a micro-meter sized silicon cantilever, locally heated by a laser beam. A tailored driving protocol for the laser power is derived to quickly reach the thermal stationary state. The model is implemented experimentally yielding a significant acceleration of the thermal relaxation, up to a factor 30. An excellent agreement with the theoretical predictions is reported. This strategy allows a thermal steady state to be reached significantly faster than the natural mechanical relaxation.
Mandelic acid single-crystal growth: Experiments vs numerical simulations
Creators: name: Tan, Q.
name: Hosseini, S. A.
name: Seidel-Morgenstern, A.
name: Thevenin, D.
name: Lorenz, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mandelic acid is an enantiomer of interest in many areas, in particular for the pharmaceutical industry. One of the approaches to produce enantiopure mandelic acid is through crystallization from an aqueous solution. We propose in this study a numerical tool based on lattice Boltzmann simulations to model crystallization dynamics of (S)-mandelic acid. The solver is first validated against experimental data. It is then used to perform parametric studies concerning the effects of important parameters such as supersaturation and seed size on the growth rate. It is finally extended to investigate the impact of forced convection on the crystal habits. Based on there parametric studies, a modification of the reactor geometry is proposed that should reduce the observed deviations from symmetrical growth with a five-fold habit.
The location, clustering, and propagation of massive star formation in giant molecular clouds
Creators: name: Ochsendorf, B. B.
name: Meixner, M.
name: Chastenet, J.
name: Tielens, A. G. G. M.
name: Roman-Duval, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive stars are key players in the evolution of galaxies, yet their formation pathway remains unclear. In this work, we use data from several galaxy-wide surveys to build an unbiased dataset of ~700 massive young stellar objects (MYSOs), ~200 giant molecular clouds (GMCs), and ~100 young (<10 Myr) optical stellar clusters (SCs) in the Large Magellanic Cloud. We employ this data to quantitatively study the location and clustering of massive star formation and its relation to the internal structure of GMCs. We reveal that massive stars do not typically form at the highest column densities nor centers of their parent GMCs at the ~6 pc resolution of our observations. Massive star formation clusters over multiple generations and on size scales much smaller than the size of the parent GMC. We find that massive star formation is significantly boosted in clouds near SCs. Yet, whether a cloud is associated with a SC does not depend on either the cloud's mass or global surface density. These results reveal a connection between different generations of massive stars on timescales up to 10 Myr. We compare our work with Galactic studies and discuss our findings in terms of GMC collapse, triggered star formation, and a potential dichotomy between low- and high-mass star formation.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, in press
GRMHD simulations of neutron-star mergers with weak interactions: r-process nucleosynthesis and electromagnetic signatures of dynamical ejecta
Creators: name: Combi, Luciano
name: Siegel, Daniel M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fast material ejected dynamically over $<10$ ms during the merger of a binary neutron-star (BNS) system can give rise to distinctive electromagnetic counterparts to the system's gravitational-wave emission that can serve as a "smoking gun" to distinguish between a BNS and a NS-black-hole merger. We present novel ab-initio modeling of the associated kilonova precursor and kilonova afterglow based on three-dimensional general-relativistic magneto-hydrodynamic simulations of BNS mergers with tabulated, composition-dependent, finite-temperature equations of state (EOSs), weak interactions, and approximate neutrino transport. We analyze dynamical mass ejection from 1.35-1.35Msun binaries, typical of Galactic double-NS systems and consistent with properties of the first observed BNS merger GW170817, using three nuclear EOSs that span the range of allowed compactness. Nuclear reaction network calculations yield a robust 2nd-to-3rd-peak r-process. We find few 1e-6Msun of fast ($v>0.6$c) ejecta that give rise to broad-band synchrotron emission on ~yr timescales, consistent with recent tentative evidence for excess X-ray/radio emission following GW170817. We find 2e-5Msun of free neutrons that power a kilonova precursor on
description: 38 pages, 24 figures
Robust self-testing of many-qubit states
Creators: name: Natarajan, Anand
name: Vidick, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce a simple two-player test which certifies that the players apply tensor products of Pauli $σ_X$ and $σ_Z$ observables on the tensor product of $n$ EPR pairs. The test has constant robustness: any strategy achieving success probability within an additive $\varepsilon$ of the optimal must be $\mathrm{poly}(\varepsilon)$-close, in the appropriate distance measure, to the honest $n$-qubit strategy. The test involves $2n$-bit questions and $2$-bit answers. The key technical ingredient is a quantum version of the classical linearity test of Blum, Luby, and Rubinfeld. As applications of our result we give (i) the first robust self-test for $n$ EPR pairs; (ii) a quantum multiprover interactive proof system for the local Hamiltonian problem with a constant number of provers and classical questions and answers, and a constant completeness-soundness gap independent of system size; (iii) a robust protocol for delegated quantum computation.
description: 36 pages. Improves upon and supersedes our earlier submission arXiv:1512.02090
title: Μελέτη φωτοβολταϊκού συστήματος συνδεδεμένου στο ηλεκτρικό δίκτυο με Φ/Β μονάδες διπλής όψης με χρήση του λογισμικού PVsyst
title: Study of a grid-connected photovoltaic system with bifacial PV modules using the PVsyst software
Creators: name: Κυριακοπουλος Ιωαννης
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2024

description: Η ολοένα και μεγαλύτερη ζήτηση ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας και η ανάγκη για την μείωση των εκπομπών $\mathrm{CO_2}$ στον πλανήτη, καθιστά αναγκαία την χρήση ανανεώσιμων πηγών ενέργειας. Μία από τις ανανεώσιμες πηγές ενέργειας που έχει δείξει ότι μπορεί να αντικαταστήσει, σταδιακά, τα ορυκτά καύσιμα, είναι η ηλιακή ενέργεια, μέσω της χρήσης φωτοβολταϊκών συστημάτων, των οποίων η τεχνολογία εξελίσσεται ραγδαία τα τελευταία χρόνια, με αποτέλεσμα να αυξάνεται συνεχώς η απόδοση τους.
Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία εστιάζει σε μια τέτοια τεχνολογία, αυτή των Φ/B πλαισίων διπλής όψης ή bifacial PV modules. Περιγράφονται οι συνηθέστερες τεχνολογίες κατασκευής Φ/Β πλαισίων, ενώ αναλύονται και οι σημαντικότερες παράμετροι και οι πιο καίριοι παράγοντες σχεδίασης συστημάτων με χρήση Φ/Β διπλής όψης.
Ακολουθεί η σχεδίαση και προσωμοίωση μιας εγκατάστασης 250 kWp με την χρήση bifacial P/V πλαισίων και η σύγκριση της απόδοσης της με την απόδοση ίδιας εγκατάστασης αλλά με χρήση συμβατικών monofacial πλαισίων.
Τέλος, πραγματοποιείται οικονομική μελέτη, αναλύοντας τα συμπεράσματα ώστε να βρεθεί κατά πόσο είναι οικονομικά βιώσιμη αυτή η τεχνολογία.
description: The ever-increasing demand for electrical energy and the need to reduce $\mathrm{CO_2}$ emissions globally make the use of renewable energy sources necessary. One of the renewable energy sources that has shown potential to gradually replace fossil fuels is solar energy, through the use of photovoltaic (PV) systems, whose technology has rapidly advanced in recent years, resulting in a continuous increase in their efficiency.
This thesis focuses on such a technology, specifically bifacial PV modules. The most common technologies for manufacturing PV panels are described, and the most significant parameters and crucial design factors for systems using bifacial PV modules are analyzed.
A design and simulation of a 250 kWp installation using bifacial PV modules is then presented, and its performance is compared with the performance of a similar installation using conventional monofacial panels.
Finally, an economic study is conducted, analyzing the findings to determine the economic viability of this technology.