cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Crystal Structure of Glycoprotein C from a Hantavirus in the Post-fusion Conformation.
Creators: name: Willensky, S
name: Bar-Rogovsky, H
name: Bignon, EA
name: Tischler, ND
name: Modis, Yorgo
name: Dessau, M
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2016

description: Hantaviruses are important emerging human pathogens and are the causative agents of serious diseases in humans with high mortality rates. Like other members in the Bunyaviridae family their M segment encodes two glycoproteins, GN and GC, which are responsible for the early events of infection. Hantaviruses deliver their tripartite genome into the cytoplasm by fusion of the viral and endosomal membranes in response to the reduced pH of the endosome. Unlike phleboviruses (e.g. Rift valley fever virus), that have an icosahedral glycoprotein envelope, hantaviruses display a pleomorphic virion morphology as GN and GC assemble into spikes with apparent four-fold symmetry organized in a grid-like pattern on the viral membrane. Here we present the crystal structure of glycoprotein C (GC) from Puumala virus (PUUV), a representative member of the Hantavirus genus. The crystal structure shows GC as the membrane fusion effector of PUUV and it presents a class II membrane fusion protein fold. Furthermore, GC was crystallized in its post-fusion trimeric conformation that until now had been observed only in Flavi- and Togaviridae family members. The PUUV GC structure together with our functional data provides intriguing evolutionary and mechanistic insights into class II membrane fusion proteins and reveals new targets for membrane fusion inhibitors against these important pathogens.
description: Work with mutant Gc proteins was funded by FONDECYT 1140050 and Basal PFB-16 grants from CONICYT (to NDT), YM was supported by a Senior Research Fellowship from the Wellcome Trust, grant no. 101908/Z/13/Z,
Self-Locating Uncertainty and the Origin of Probability in Everettian Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Sebens, Charles T.
name: Carroll, Sean M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A longstanding issue in attempts to understand the Everett (Many-Worlds) approach to quantum mechanics is the origin of the Born rule: why is the probability given by the square of the amplitude? Following Vaidman, we note that observers are in a position of self-locating uncertainty during the period between the branches of the wave function splitting via decoherence and the observer registering the outcome of the measurement. In this period it is tempting to regard each branch as equiprobable, but we argue that the temptation should be resisted. Applying lessons from this analysis, we demonstrate (using methods similar to those of Zurek's envariance-based derivation) that the Born rule is the uniquely rational way of apportioning credence in Everettian quantum mechanics. In doing so, we rely on a single key principle: changes purely to the environment do not affect the probabilities one ought to assign to measurement outcomes in a local subsystem. We arrive at a method for assigning probabilities in cases that involve both classical and quantum self-locating uncertainty. This method provides unique answers to quantum Sleeping Beauty problems, as well as a well-defined procedure for calculating probabilities in quantum cosmological multiverses with multiple similar observers.
description: 44 pages, 2 figures
Plasma-activation of tap water using DBD for agronomy applications: Identification and quantification of long lifetime chemical species and production/consumption mechanisms
Creators: name: DUFOUR, Thierry
name: Judée, Florian
name: Simon, Stéphane
name: Bailly, Christophe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 510602
subject: Plasma physics; fusion plasmas; electrical discharges

description: Cold atmospheric plasmas are weakly ionized gases that can be generated in ambient air. They produce energetic species (e.g. electrons, metastables) as well as reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species, UV radiations and local electric field. Their interaction with a liquid such as tap water can hence change its chemical composition. The resulting “plasma-activated liquid” can meet many applications, including medicine and agriculture. Consequently, a complete experimental set of analytical techniques dedicated to the characterization of long lifetime chemical species has been implemented to characterize tap water treated using cold atmospheric plasma process and intended to agronomy applications. For that purpose, colorimetry and acid titrations are performed, considering acid-base equilibria, pH and temperature variations induced during plasma activation. 16 species are quantified and monitored: hydroxide and hydronium ions, ammonia and ammonium ions, orthophosphates, carbonate ions, nitrite and nitrate ions and hydrogen peroxide. The related consumption/production mechanisms are discussed. In parallel, a chemical model of electrical conductivity based on Kohlrausch's law has been developed to simulate the electrical conductivity of the plasma-activated tap water (PATW). Comparing its predictions with experimental measurements leads to a narrow fitting, hence supporting the self-sufficiency of the experimental set, i.e. the fact that all long lifetime radicals of interest present in PATW are characterized. Finally, to evaluate the potential of cold atmospheric plasmas for agriculture applications, tap water has been daily plasma-treated to irrigate lentils seeds. Then, seedlings lengths have been measured and compared with untreated tap water, showing an increase as high as 34.0% and 128.4% after 3 days and 6 days of activation respectively. The interaction mechanisms between plasma and tap water are discussed as well as their positive synergy on agronomic results.
Circulating granulocyte lifespan in compensated alcohol-related cirrhosis: a pilot study.
Creators: name: Potts,
name: Farahi, Neda
name: Heard, S
name: Chilvers, Edwin
name: Verma, S
name: Peters, AM
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2016
Subjects: Alcohol‐related liver disease
cirrhosis
granulocyte
neutrophil

description: Although granulocyte dysfunction is known to occur in cirrhosis, in vivo studies of granulocyte lifespan have not previously been performed. The normal circulating granulocyte survival half-time (G - t½), determined using indium-111 ((111)In)-radiolabeled granulocytes, is ~7 h. In this pilot study, we aimed to measure the in vivo G - t½ in compensated alcohol-related cirrhosis. Sequential venous blood samples were obtained in abstinent subjects with alcohol-related cirrhosis over 24 h post injection (PI) of minimally manipulated (111)In-radiolabeled autologous mixed leukocytes. Purified granulocytes were isolated from each sample using a magnetic microbead-antibody technique positively selecting for the marker CD15. Granulocyte-associated radioactivity was expressed relative to peak activity, plotted over time, and G - t½ estimated from data up to 12 h PI This was compared with normal neutrophil half-time (N - t½), determined using a similar method specifically selecting neutrophils in healthy controls at a collaborating center. Seven patients with cirrhosis (six male, aged 57.8 ± 9.4 years, all Child-Pugh class A) and seven normal controls (three male, 64.4 ± 5.6 years) were studied. Peripheral blood neutrophil counts were similar in both groups (4.6 (3.5 - 5.5) × 10(9)/L vs. 2.8 (2.7 - 4.4) × 10(9)/L, respectively, P = 0.277). G - t½ in cirrhosis was significantly lower than N - t½ in controls (2.7 ± 0.5 h vs. 4.4 ± 1.0 h, P = 0.007). Transient rises in granulocyte and neutrophil-associated activities occurred in four patients from each group, typically earlier in cirrhosis (4-6 h PI) than in controls (8-10 h), suggesting recirculation of radiolabeled cells released from an unidentified focus. Reduced in vivo granulocyte survival in compensated alcohol-related cirrhosis is a novel finding and potentially another mechanism for immune dysfunction in chronic liver disease. Larger studies are needed to corroborate these pilot data and assess intravascular neutrophil residency in other disease etiologies.
description: Asthma UK (08/2011) MRC (MR/J00345X/1)
Assessing societal benefits and economic impacts of earth observation data in the arctic area
Creators: name: Donner, Isabel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: socioeconomic impact assessment
benefit assessment
earth observation data
arctic area
lake ice service

description: The use of earth observation data and services yields extensive benefits to the society, environment, and economy. Especially actors in the Arctic region are going to be more dependent on earth observation services in the future, as the Arctic is changing rapidly due to climate change. There is a growing need to quantify the benefits from earth observation services to justify investments made into earth observation technologies and to defend research budgets against competing priorities. This study aims to determine the most suitable tools for the assessment of benefits of earth observation data and services in the Arctic area. A literature study was conducted to review the most essential benefit assessment tools. The applicability of cost-benefit analysis, benefit transfer, value chains, Value Tree Analysis, Weather Service Chain Analysis, and Spatineo Impact were reviewed. Finally, a case study assessing benefits from a lake ice service was performed. The case study applied Spatineo Impact and Value Tree Analysis. By comparing methods in the literature study, Value Tree Analysis combined with cost-benefit analysis is concluded to be the best approach for assessing the socioeconomic impact of earth observing data in the Arctic. This approach supports the representation of various benefits originating from several earth observing systems. In addition, Spatineo Impact proved to be a useful tool for revealing the realized benefits from the usage of a service. This information is especially valuable to providers of open spatial data. The case study emphasized that the results of a benefit assessment are highly dependent on the availability of data and on the time frame the study is conducted. Whenever possible, comprehensive interviews and surveys with end-users should be conducted when assessing the socioeconomic impact of an earth observation service.
description: Permanent link to this item: http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:aalto-202203272555
Dirac cones for point scatterers on a honeycomb lattice
Creators: name: Lee, Minjae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the spectrum and the dispersion relation of the Schrödinger operator with point scatterers on a triangular lattice and a honeycomb lattice. We prove that the low-level dispersion bands have conic singularities near Dirac points, which are the vertices of the first Brillouin Zone. The existence of such conic dispersion bands plays an important role in various electronic properties of honeycomb-structured materials such as graphene. We then prove that for a honeycomb lattice, the spectra generated by higher-level dispersion relations are all connected so the complete spectrum consists of at most three bands. Numerical simulations for dispersion bands with various parameters are also presented.
description: 30 pages, 13 figures
Spectra and eigenstates of spin chain Hamiltonians
Creators: name: Keating, J. P.
name: Linden, N.
name: Wells, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove that translationally invariant Hamiltonians of a chain of $n$ qubits with nearest-neighbour interactions have two seemingly contradictory features. Firstly in the limit $n\rightarrow\infty$ we show that any translationally invariant Hamiltonian of a chain of $n$ qubits has an eigenbasis such that almost all eigenstates have maximal entanglement between fixed-size sub-blocks of qubits and the rest of the system; in this sense these eigenstates are like those of completely general Hamiltonians (i.e. Hamiltonians with interactions of all orders between arbitrary groups of qubits). Secondly in the limit $n\rightarrow\infty$ we show that any nearest-neighbour Hamiltonian of a chain of $n$ qubits has a Gaussian density of states; thus as far as the eigenvalues are concerned the system is like a non-interacting one. The comparison applies to chains of qubits with translationally invariant nearest-neighbour interactions, but we show that it is extendible to much more general systems (both in terms of the local dimension and the geometry of interaction). Numerical evidence is also presented which suggests that the translational invariance condition may be dropped in the case of nearest-neighbour chains.
description: Updated figures, as accepted in 'Communications in Mathematical Physics' on 5 January 2015
Density-potential inversion from Moreau-Yosida regularization
Creators: name: Penz, Markus
name: Csirik, Mihály A.
name: Laestadius, Andre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a quantum-mechanical many-electron system, given a density, the Zhao-Morrison-Parr method allows to compute the effective potential that yields precisely that density. In this work, we demonstrate how this and similar inversion procedures mathematically relate to the Moreau-Yosida regularization of density functionals on Banach spaces. It is shown that these inversion procedures can in fact be understood as a limit process as the regularization parameter approaches zero. This sheds new insight on the role of Moreau-Yosida regularization in density-functional theory and allows to systematically improve density-potential inversion. Our results apply to the Kohn-Sham setting with fractional occupation that determines an effective one-body potential that in turn reproduces an interacting density.
EFSA Partnering Grants ListeriaPredict : A case study in capacity building at EU level in predictive microbiology
Creators: name: Butler, F
name: Gonzales Barron, U
name: Cadavez, V
name: Iannetti, L
name: Valero Diaz, A
name: Redmond, G
name: Hunt, K
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Food Safety
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C1146

description: EFSA Partnering Grants - ListeriaPredict : A case study in capacity building at EU level in predictive microbiology
description: EU;En;pdf;f.butler@ucd.ie
WHAT DETERMINES THE EXPORT PERFORMANCE OF ETHIOPIA: A TIME SERIES ANALYSIS
Creators: name: NEGA MUHABAW
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013

description: This paper identified some of the main determinants of export performance in Ethiopia for the period 1974-2011.To test empirically the relationship between export performance and its major selected determinants such as terms of trade, trade openness, gross domestic product, real effective exchange rate, domestic credit and capital expenditure over a period. The results from the econometric analysis revealed that all the above listed explanatory variables significantly affected export performance in the long run except capital expenditure. In the short run, terms of trade became insignificant and negative in sign which was unexpected. Capital expenditure was also insignificant like in the case of long run. However, except these two variables other variables were found to significantly affect the export performance of the country. On the other hand, out of the variables significantly affected export both in the long run and short run; terms of trade, trade openness, and real gross domestic product affected export positively as expected. Especially when we look at the magnitude by which trade openness affected the dependent variable both in the long run and in the short run positively and significantly, it can be regarded as one of the key finding in this study.
On Gauge Independence for Gauge Models with Soft Breaking of BRST Symmetry
Creators: name: Reshetnyak, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81T13, 81T17, 81T70, 70S15, 81S22, 81S40, 58D30

description: A consistent quantum treatment of general gauge theories with an arbitrary gauge-fixing in the presence of soft breaking of the BRST symmetry in the field-antifield formalism is developed. It is based on a gauged (involving a field-dependent parameter) version of finite BRST transformations. The prescription allows one to restore the gauge-independence of the effective action at its extremals and therefore also that of the conventional $S$-matrix for a theory with BRST-breaking terms being additively introduced into a BRST-invariant action in order to achieve a consistency of the functional integral. We demonstrate the applicability of this prescription within the approach of functional renormalization group to the Yang--Mills and gravity theories. The Gribov--Zwanziger action and the refined Gribov--Zwanziger action for a many-parameter family of gauges, including the Coulomb, axial and covariant gauges, are derived perturbatively on the basis of finite gauged BRST transformations starting from Landau gauge. It is proved that gauge theories with soft breaking of BRST symmetry can be made consistent if the transformed BRST-breaking terms satisfy the same soft BRST symmetry breaking condition in the resulting gauge as the untransformed ones in the initial gauge, and also without this requirement.
description: 1+42 pages, presentation improved, citation on arXiv:1108.4820 [hep-th] results, comments on superdeterminant (2.33), (2.34), on composite fields approach after (4.22) for average EA added, 3 references and acknowledgments added
Atypical right hemisphere response to slow temporal modulations in children with developmental dyslexia.
Creators: name: Cutini, Simone
name: Szűcs, Dénes
name: Mead, Natasha
name: Huss, Martina
name: Goswami, Usha
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2016
Subjects: Dyslexia
Entrainment
Phonology
Prosody
fNIRs
Adolescent
Child
Female
Functional Laterality
Humans
Language Tests
Male
Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared

description: Phase entrainment of neuronal oscillations is thought to play a central role in encoding speech. Children with developmental dyslexia show impaired phonological processing of speech, proposed theoretically to be related to atypical phase entrainment to slower temporal modulations in speech (<10Hz). While studies of children with dyslexia have found atypical phase entrainment in the delta band (~2Hz), some studies of adults with developmental dyslexia have shown impaired entrainment in the low gamma band (~35-50Hz). Meanwhile, studies of neurotypical adults suggest asymmetric temporal sensitivity in auditory cortex, with preferential processing of slower modulations by right auditory cortex, and faster modulations processed bilaterally. Here we compared neural entrainment to slow (2Hz) versus faster (40Hz) amplitude-modulated noise using fNIRS to study possible hemispheric asymmetry effects in children with developmental dyslexia. We predicted atypical right hemisphere responding to 2Hz modulations for the children with dyslexia in comparison to control children, but equivalent responding to 40Hz modulations in both hemispheres. Analyses of HbO concentration revealed a right-lateralised region focused on the supra-marginal gyrus that was more active in children with dyslexia than in control children for 2Hz stimulation. We discuss possible links to linguistic prosodic processing, and interpret the data with respect to a neural 'temporal sampling' framework for conceptualizing the phonological deficits that characterise children with developmental dyslexia across languages.
description: This workwassupportedbytheMedicalResearchCouncil,grants G0400574andG0902375
Self-organized patterns by a DC pin liquid anode discharge in ambient air: Effect of liquid types on formation
Creators: name: DUFOUR, Thierry
name: Zhang, Shiqiang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 510602
subject: Plasma physics; fusion plasmas; electrical discharges

description: A pin liquid anode DC discharge is generated in open air without any additional gas feeding to form self-organized patterns (SOPs) on various liquid interfaces. Axially resolved emission spectra of the whole discharge reveal that the self-organized patterns are formed below a dark region and are visible mainly due to the N2 (C3-B3) transitions. The high energy N2 (C) level is mainly excited by the impact of electrons heated by the local increased electric field at the interface. For the first time, the effect of the liquid type on the SOP formation is presented. With almost the same other discharge conditions, the formed SOPs are significantly different from HCl and H2SO4 liquid anodes. The SOP difference is repeated when the discharge current and gap distance change for both liquid anodes. The variations of SOP size and discretization as a function of discharge current and gap distance are discussed and confirm that different SOPs are formed by the HCl liquid anode from tap water or the H2SO4 liquid anode. A possible explanation is brought up to explain the dependence of SOPs on the liquid type.
Phonological assessment for Greek (PAel) test: Reliability and validity in 4-to 6-year-old preschool children
Creators: name: Zarokanellou, Vasiliki
name: Giotopoulou, M.
name: Kougioumtzi, M.
name: Lergou, M.-E.
name: Tafiadis, D.
name: Ziavra, N.
name: Gryparis, A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Single-word phonological tests are widely used for detecting children at risk for Speech Sound Disorders (SSDs). However, specific conceptual and operational criteria should be evaluated to ensure that these assessments are valid and reliable and can serve as diagnostic tools. The current study aimed to investigate the validity and reliability of the screener of a phonological Greek instrument, named the Phonological Assessment for Greek (PAel) comparing the phonological performance of typically developing (TD) children and children with SSDs, aged 4 to 6 years. The participants were 20 TD children and 40 children with SSDs. All participants completed the screener of PAel, the 70-word list of the standardised Test of Phonetic and Phonological Development (TPPD), and a language test, namely the Action Picture Test. Participants who scored below the 25th percentile on the language test were excluded. Phonological analysis revealed that PAel has high content validity. The participants who had received a diagnosis of SSDs presented restricted consonant and cluster inventories and significantly lower whole-word match levels in comparison to their TD peers. The overall Spearman’s correlation coefficients between PAel and TPPD were 0.611 for TD children (p < 0.001) and 0.875 for children with SSDs (p < 0.001), indicating good criterion validity. The tool demonstrated strong test-retest reliability and inter-rater reliability with Spearman values exceeding 0.85, and Intra-class correlation coefficients over 0.90. Overall, the results suggest that PAel has satisfactory reliability and validity and can be used as an assessment tool to detect children at risk for SSDs.
A Modular Approach to Inorganic Phosphazane Macrocycles
Creators: name: Plajer, Alex
name: García-Rodríguez, Raúl
name: Benson, Callum GM
name: Matthews, Peter D
name: Bond, Andrew
name: Singh, Sanjay
name: Gade, Lutz H
name: Wright, Dominic
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2017

description: Inorganic macrocycles, based on non-carbon backbones, present exciting synthetic challenges in the systematic assembly of inorganic molecules, as well as new avenues in host-guest and supramolecular chemistry. Here we demonstrate a new high-yielding modular approach to a broad range of trimeric and hexameric S- and Se-bridged inorganic macrocycles based on cyclophosphazane frameworks, using the building blocks [S=(H)P(μ-NR)]2 . The method involves the in situ generation of the key intermediate [E....._ (S....._ )P(μ-NR)]22- (E=S, Se) dianion, which can be reacted with electrophilic [ClP(μ-NR)]2 to give PIII /PV hexameric rings or reacted with I2 to give trimeric PV variants. Important issues which are highlighted in this work are the competitive bridging ability of S versus Se in these systems and the synthesis of the first air-stable and chiral inorganic macrocycles.
description: We thank the EU (ERC‐advanced grant for D.S.W., studentship for C.G.M.B., Intra European Fellowship Framework 7 for R.G.‐R.), the EPSRC (studentship for P.D.M.) for support, and the University of Heidelberg for travel grants.
Some homological properties of category O. III
Creators: name: Coulembier, Kevin
name: Mazorchuk, Volodymyr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that thick category $\mathcal{O}$ associated to a semi-simple complex finite dimensional Lie algebra is extension full in the category of all modules. We also prove the weak Alexandru conjecture both for regular blocks of thick category $\mathcal{O}$ and the associated categories of Harish-Chandra bimodules, but disprove it for singular blocks.
Ain-El-Turck 051
Creators: name: Corsner, Private.
Publisher: name: Galter Health Science Library & Learning Center
Year: 2019

description: July 43 MM-MBS-COR-43-7120 N.A. 12th Gen. Hosp. X-Ray Department. L to R - Cpl. C. Anderson, Sgt. E. Smith, Cpl M. Rosenbaum, Cpl A. Veit. Photographer - Pvt. Corsner.
Engineering interaction-induced topological insulators in a $\sqrt{3} \times \sqrt{3}$ substrate-induced honeycomb superlattice
Creators: name: Venderbos, Jörn W. F.
name: Manzardo, Marco
name: Efremov, Dmitry V.
name: Brink, Jeroen van den
name: Ortix, Carmine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a system of spinless fermions on the honeycomb lattice with substrate-induced modulated electrostatic potentials tripling the unit cell. The resulting non-Abelian SU(2) gauge fields act cooperatively to realize a quadratic band crossing point (QBCP). Using a combination of mean-field theory and renormalization group techniques, we show that in the QBCP regime, arbitrarily weak repulsive electronic interactions drive the system into the quantum anomalous Hall state. This proves that substrate-induced local voltages are an effective knob to induce the spontaneous formation of a topological quantum phase.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Hydromys E. Geoffroy 1804
Creators: name: Helgen, Kristofer M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Hydromys

description: Genus Hydromys E. Geoffroy, 1804
 Type species: Hydromys chrysogaster E. Geoffroy, 1804.
 Content: With the exclusion of Baiyankamys, I recognize four described species of Hydromys as valid: H. chrysogaster, with synonyms as delineated by Tate (1951b) and Musser and Carleton (2005), widely distributed in river systems and coastal areas of Tasmania, Australia, and many adjacent islands on the continental shelf, and in the lowlands of New Guinea (to 2000 m) and on immediately adjacent islands (Yapen, Biak­Supiori, Waigeo, the Aru and Kai Islands, and the D’Entrecasteaux and Trobriand Islands); H. neobrittanicus Tate and Archbold, 1935, a distinctive, large­bodied insular endemic from the large island of New Britain in the Bismarck Archipelago; H. hussoni Musser and Piik, 1982, known only from the Wissel Lakes of western New Guinea; and H. ziegleri n. sp., from foothills on the southern margins of the Prince Alexander Range in northern Papua New Guinea. There is one additional undescribed species, endemic to the island of Obi in the North­Central Moluccas (Helgen 2003; Musser and Carleton 2005).
description: Published as part of Helgen, Kristofer M., 2005, the generic status of Baiyankamys and description of a new species of Hydromys, pp. 1-20 in Zootaxa 913 on page 9, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.171028
Актуальные проблемы науки и практики: Гатчинские чтения - 2022. Трибуна молодого ученого
Creators: name: Государственный институт экономики, финансов
Publisher: name: Государственный институт экономики, финансов, права и технологий
Year: 2022

description: Актуальные проблемы науки и практики: Гатчинские чтения - 2022. Трибуна молодого ученого
Asymptotic structure and singularities in constrained directed graphs
Creators: name: Aristoff, David
name: Zhu, Lingjiong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 05C80, 82B26, 05C35

description: We study the asymptotics of large directed graphs, constrained to have certain densities of edges and/or outward $p$-stars. Our models are close cousins of exponential random graph models (ERGMs), in which edges and certain other subgraph densities are controlled by parameters. The idea of directly constraining edge and other subgraph densities comes from Radin and Sadun. Such modeling circumvents a phenomenon first made precise by Chatterjee and Diaconis: that in ERGMs it is often impossible to independently constrain edge and other subgraph densities. In all our models, we find that large graphs have either uniform or bipodal structure. When edge density (resp. $p$-star density) is fixed and $p$-star density (resp. edge density) is controlled by a parameter, we find phase transitions corresponding to a change from uniform to bipodal structure. When both edge and $p$-star density are fixed, we find only bipodal structures and no phase transition.
description: 24 pages, 2 figures
Open for all: exploring the reach of open access content to non-academic audiences
Creators: name: Wirsching, Harald
name: Penny, Dan
name: Lucraft, Mithu
name: Franssen, Jos
name: Vanderfeesten, Maurice
name: van Wesenbeeck, Astrid
name: Jansen, Darco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: SDG
Sustainable Development Goals
societal impact
open access

description: This white paper summarises findings from a joint project between Springer Nature, the Association of Universities in the Netherlands (VSNU) and the Dutch University Libraries and the National Library consortium (UKB), exploring how research content is being used outside of academia. It draws together findings from a bibliometric analysis of nearly 360,000 documents published in 2017 (book chapters, journal documents and proceedings), and a survey of nearly 6,000 readers on Springer Nature websites, putting a spotlight on the potential impact of immediate Gold OA publishing on societal impact: who uses research content where this relates to the SDGs, and for what purpose? Our results show a strong OA advantage, with a high volume of readers from non-academic communities.
Turing Kernelization for Finding Long Paths and Cycles in Restricted Graph Classes
Creators: name: Jansen, Bart M. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.2.2; G.2.2
subject: 05C85, 68Q25

description: The NP-complete $k$-Path problem asks whether a given undirected graph has a (simple) path of length at least $k$. We prove that $k$-Path has polynomial-size Turing kernels when restricted to planar graphs, graphs of bounded degree, claw-free graphs, or to $K_{3,t}$-minor-free graphs for some constant $t$. This means that there is an algorithm that, given a $k$-Path instance $(G,k)$ belonging to one of these graph classes, computes its answer in polynomial time when given access to an oracle that solves $k$-Path instances of size polynomial in $k$ in a single step. The difficulty of $k$-Path can therefore be confined to subinstances whose size is independent of the total input size, but is bounded by a polynomial in the parameter $k$ alone. These results contrast existing superpolynomial lower bounds for the sizes of traditional kernels for the $k$-Path problem on these graph classes: there is no polynomial-time algorithm that reduces any instance $(G,k)$ to a single, equivalent instance $(G',k')$ of size polynomial in $k$ unless $NP \subseteq coNP/poly$. The same positive and negative results apply to the $k$-Cycle problem, which asks for the existence of a cycle of length at least $k$. Our kernelization schemes are based on a new methodology called Decompose-Query-Reduce.
description: 39 pages, 8 figures
„Ich habe nur die eine Hälfte genommen“ – Verstehensprozesse zur Achsensymmetrie
Creators: name: Wallner, Melina
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Didaktik der Mathematik
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Grundschule
subject: Geometrie
subject: Heterogenität & Inklusion im MU
subject: 510

description: Symmetrie ist ein Konzept, das die gesamte Mathematik und alle Schulstufen durchdringt und entsprechend als fundamentale Idee gesehen wird (Winter, 1976). Der Blick in die Lehrpläne und Bildungsstandards zeigt, dass Achsensymmetrie die zentrale Symmetrie in der Grundschule ist. Schüler*innen sollen achsensymmetrische Figuren herstellen und ebene Figuren auf Eigenschaften der Achsensymmetrie überprüfen. Im Rahmen einer fachdidaktischen Entwicklungsstudie wird das inhaltliche Verständnis zur Achsensymmetrie und die Vorgehensweisen beim Herstellen und Erkennen achsensymmetrischer Figuren in selbst entwickelten, substantiellen Lernumgebungen erforscht. Charakterisierende Eigenschaft von achsensymmetrischen Figuren ist mit Rückgriff auf den Kongruenzbegriff, dass sie sich durch eine Gerade in zwei zueinander kongruente Teilfiguren unterschiedlicher Orientierung zerlegen lassen (Schmidt-Thieme & Weigand, 2018). Mit dem Begriff der Abbildung als Grundlage gilt eine Figur als achsensymmetrisch, wenn es eine Achsenspiegelung gibt, die die Figur als Ganzes auf sich abbildet. Achsensymmetrische Figuren sind demnach invariant gegenüber Achsenspiegelungen (Schmidt-Thieme & Weigand, 2018). Hinsichtlich der Entstehung ist festzuhalten, dass sich achsensymmetrische Figuren durch Achsenspiegelung erzeugen lassen. Aus jeder Ausgangsfigur (Urbild) kann, wenn Urbild und Spiegelbild vereinigt werden, eine achsensymmetrische Figur erzeugt werden. Die Achsensymmetrie als Eigenschaft einer Figur steht daher in enger Verbindung mit der Achsenspiegelung als Kongruenzabbildung.
Plasma gun for medical applications: engineering an equivalent electrical target of human body and deciphering relevant electrical parameters
Creators: name: DUFOUR, Thierry
name: Judée, Florian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 510602
subject: Plasma physics; fusion plasmas; electrical discharges

description: Simulations and experimental works have been carried out in a complementary way to engineer a basic material target mimicking the same dielectric properties of the human body. It includes a resistor in parallel with a capacitor, whose values (Rh=1500 Ω and Ch=100 pF) are estimated in regard of parameters commonly utilized upon in vivo campaigns (frequency=30 kHz, gap=10 mm, high voltage electrode surface=12.6 mm2). This equivalent electrical human body (EEHB) circuit can be used as a reference and realistic target to calibrate electrical properties of therapeutic plasma sources before their utilization on patients. In this letter, we consider a configuration where this EEHB target interacts with a plasma gun (PG). Plasma power measurements performed in such configuration clearly indicate two operating modes depending on the value of the supplied voltage. Hence, the plasma gun generates pulsed atmospheric plasma streams likely to present therapeutic interest for voltages comprised between 3.0 and 8.5 kV while for higher values, transient arcs of thermal plasma are generated and represent substantial risks for the patient.
An online version of Rota's basis conjecture
Creators: name: Bollen, Guus P.
name: Draisma, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05B15, 05B35, 05E99

description: Rota's basis conjecture states that in any square array of vectors whose rows are bases of a fixed vector space the vectors can be rearranged within their rows in such a way that afterwards not only the rows are bases, but also the columns. We discuss an online version of this conjecture, in which the permutation used for rearranging the vectors in a given row must be determined without knowledge of the vectors further down the array. The paper contains surprises both for those who believe this online basis conjecture at first glance, and for those who disbelieve it.
description: several further edits, added another reference, final version, to appear in J Alg Comb
Detection of Stacked Filament Lensing Between SDSS Luminous Red Galaxies
Creators: name: Clampitt, Joseph
name: Miyatake, Hironao
name: Jain, Bhuvnesh
name: Takada, Masahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We search for the lensing signal of massive filaments between 135,000 pairs of Luminous Red Galaxies (LRGs) from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We develop a new estimator that cleanly removes the much larger shear signal of the neighboring LRG halos, relying only on the assumption of spherical symmetry. We consider two models: a thick filament model constructed from ray-tracing simulations for $Λ$CDM model, and a thin filament model which models the filament by a string of halos along the line connecting the two LRGs. We show that the filament lensing signal is in nice agreement with the thick simulation filament, while strongly disfavoring the thin model. The magnitude of the lensing shear due to the filament is below $10^{-4}$. Employing the likelihood ratio test, we find a 4.5$σ$ significance for the detection of the filament lensing signal, corresponding to a null hypothesis fluctuation probability of $3 \times 10^{-6}$. We also carried out several null tests to verify that the residual shear signal from neighboring LRGs and other shear systematics are minimized.
description: matches MNRAS accepted version; 11 pages, 11 figures
Mutation of GALNTL5 gene identified in patients diagnosed with asthenozoospermia
Creators: name: Hagiuda, Jun
name: Takasaki, Nobuyoshi
name: Oya, Mototsugu
name: Ishikawa, Hiromichi
name: Narimatsu, Hisashi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Asthenozoospermia is commonly observed in infertile men. However, very few causative gene mutations have been identified because an efficient detection method has not been established. We previously identified a patient with asthenozoospermia carrying a heterozygous point deletion in GALNTL5 by detecting an abnormal reduction in the abundance of GALNTL5 and other marker proteins. To identify other mutations in GALNTL5, we screened sperm samples from 208 infertile men mainly diagnosed with asthenozoospermia using the same method, and conducted next-generation sequencing. Consequently, another case of GALNTL5 mutation was detected only in sperm at a low frequency but not in the somatic blood cells of a patient diagnosed with asthenozoospermia. In this patient, sperm motility improved and the mutation disappeared at 2 years after the first observation. In this man, carrying a heterozygotic deficiency of GALNTL5, the swim-up method was useful to concentrate the spermatozoa without mutation. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection of the selected motile spermatozoa into oocytes of the patient’s partner resulted in successful conception, and a female child was safely delivered. These results suggest the feasibility of our approach for the screening and treatment of asthenozoospermia associated with GALNTL5 mutation.
Medien machen den Unterschied: Darstellen – Sprache – Heterogenität
Creators: name: Schreiber, Christof
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Didaktik der Mathematik
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 510

description: Anhand ausgewählter Projekte zu den Bereichen Darstellen, Sprache und Heterogenität soll hier gezeigt werden, wo, wann und wie die Medien den Unterschied machen oder machen können. Dazu werden die Projekte ‚Mathe Chat‘, ‚PriMaPodcasts‘ und die Verwendung von Apps in inklusiven Settings als Beispiele genutzt. Wichtig ist, dass die digitalen Medien in Verbindung mit ‚nicht digitalen Medien‘ genutzt werden, die im Folgenden als ‚physische‘ Medien bezeichnet werden. Dazu zunächst einige Vorbemerkungen, um meine Sicht auf Medien – digitale und physische – einzuordnen.
Luteal-phase progesterone supplementation in non-IVF treatment: a survey of physicians providing infertility treatment
Creators: name: Weedin, Elizabeth
name: Kort, Jonathan
name: Quaas, Alexander
name: Baker, Valerie
name: Wild, Robert
name: Hansen, Karl
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: We sought to examine current use of, and indications for, progesterone supplementation in the luteal phase of non-in vitro fertilization (non-IVF) infertility treatments among Obstetrician Gynaecologists (OB/GYN) compared to Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility (REI) Subspecialists. Using a web-based survey, the practices of U.S. REI and OB/GYN physicians practicing infertility from 2014–2016 were assessed. The main outcome measures were frequency of use and indications for progesterone supplementation for luteal-phase support in non-IVF infertility treatments. Comparisons between physicians groups by indication and treatment type were performed using Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests. Sixty-four REIs and 49 OB/GYNs completed the survey. One hundred per cent of REI and 73.5% of OB/GYN respondents prescribed progesterone for luteal-phase support as part of non-IVF infertility treatment. The majority of all respondents utilized progesterone supplementation for one or more indications in clomiphene citrate and letrozole treatment cycles. Treatment type was the primary decisional factor reported by REIs (56%) for prescription of luteal-phase progesterone support. Serum progesterone level was reported as the leading decisional factor for luteal-phase supplementation (66.7%) by OB/GYNs. Luteal-phase progesterone supplementation in non-IVF treatments appears common for both physician groups in the United States in spite of lack of evidence supporting its effectiveness.
Thermodynamic model of social influence on two-dimensional square lattice: Case for two features
Creators: name: Genzor, Jozef
name: Buzek, Vladimir
name: Gendiar, Andrej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a thermodynamic multi-state spin model in order to describe equilibrial behavior of a society. Our model is inspired by the Axelrod model used in social network studies. In the framework of the statistical mechanics language, we analyze phase transitions of our model, in which the spin interaction $J$ is interpreted as a mutual communication among individuals forming a society. The thermal fluctuations introduce a noise $T$ into the communication, which suppresses long-range correlations. Below a certain phase transition point $T_t$, large-scale clusters of the individuals, who share a specific dominant property, are formed. The measure of the cluster sizes is an order parameter after spontaneous symmetry breaking. By means of the Corner transfer matrix renormalization group algorithm, we treat our model in the thermodynamic limit and classify the phase transitions with respect to inherent degrees of freedom. Each individual is chosen to possess two independent features $f=2$ and each feature can assume one of $q$ traits (e.g. interests). Hence, each individual is described by $q^2$ degrees of freedom. A single first order phase transition is detected in our model if $q>2$, whereas two distinct continuous phase transitions are found if $q=2$ only. Evaluating the free energy, order parameters, specific heat, and the entanglement von Neumann entropy, we classify the phase transitions $T_t(q)$ in detail. The permanent existence of the ordered phase (the large-scale cluster formation with a non-zero order parameter) is conjectured below a non-zero transition point $T_t(q)\approx0.5$ in the asymptotic regime $q\to\infty$.
description: 25 pages, 9 figures
title: Nachhaltige Staatsfinanzen und die ökologische Transformation
Creators: name: Petersen, Thieß
name: Wortmann, Marcus
Publisher: name: Bertelsmann Stiftung
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/01wj9hk44
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024
Subjects: Finanzpolitik
Staatsfinanzen
Öffentlicher Haushalt
Transformation
Klimapolitik
Nachhaltigkeit

description: Ohne das Erreichen einer klimaneutralen und ressourcenschonenden Wirtschaft ist mit einer dramatischen Verschärfung globaler Umweltkrisen zu rechnen. Bereits heute belasten die volkswirtschaftlichen Kosten des Klimawandels, des Artensterben oder der Umweltzerstörung die öffentlichen Haushalte auf vielfältige Weise. Und auch die notwendigen Anpassungsmaßnahmen sowie die angestrebte ökologische Transformation verursachen hohe Mehrbedarfe an staatlichen Ausgaben. Andererseits muss die Tragfähigkeit der Staatsfinanzen langfristig gesichert bleiben, um künftigen Generationen Handlungsspielräume zu erhalten. Unser aktuelles Fokuspapier widmet sich auf Grundlage aktueller Forschung und Daten der Frage, wie hoch die staatlichen Finanzbedarfe einzuschätzen sind und welche Finanzierungsoptionen es gibt.
O'ZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASIDA AUDIT TIZIMINI JAHON TAJRIBASI ASOSIDA TAKOMILLASHTIRISHNING DOLZARB MASALALARI
Creators: name: Oqiljonov, Azizjon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu maqola O‘zbekistonning audit tizimini jahon tajribasi asosida takomillashtirish bo‘yicha muammolar va imkoniyatlarni o‘rganadi. Audit tiziminining hozirgi holati tahlil qilinadi, jahon standartlari va rivojlangan mamlakatlar, jumladan AQSh va Yevropa Ittifoqi hamda Osiyo-Tinch okeani mintaqasidan olgan amaliyotlar muhokama qilinadi.