cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The mass-energy budget of the ionised outflow in NGC 7469
Creators: name: Blustin, A. J.
name: Kriss, G. A.
name: Holczer, T.
name: Behar, E.
name: Kaastra, J. S.
name: Page, M. J.
name: Kaspi, S.
name: Branduardi-Raymont, G.
name: Steenbrugge, K. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although AGN feedback through ionised winds is of great importance in models of AGN/galaxy coevolution, the mass and energy output via these winds, even in the nearby universe, is poorly understood. The issue is complicated by the wide range of ionisation in the winds, which means that multiwavelength observational campaigns are required to obtain the complete picture. In this paper, we use a ~ 160 ks XMM-Newton RGS spectrum to get the most accurate view yet of the ionised outflow (warm absorber) in NGC 7469 as seen in X-rays, finding that there is a wide range of ionisation, with log xi in the range ~ 0.5-3.5 erg cm s^-1, and two main velocity regimes, at 580-720 and 2300 km s^-1, with the highest velocity gas being the least ionised. The total absorbing column density in the X-rays is of order 3 x 10^21 cm^-2. We find that the lowest ionisation phase of the absorber is probably identical with one of the phases of the UV absorber discovered in previous studies. We show that both X-ray and UV absorbers are consistent with an origin near the base of a torus wind, where matter is being launched and accelerated. Calculating the mass outflow rate and kinetic luminosity of all the absorber phases, we demonstrate that the X-ray absorbing gas carries respectively ~ 90% and 95% of the mass and kinetic energy output of the ionised outflow.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
An optimization model for the development and response of alluvial river channels
Creators: name: Millar, Robert Gary
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In this thesis an optimization model has been developed to calculate the equilibrium geometry of alluvial gravel-bed rivers for a given set of independent variables. The independent variables are the discharges, both the magnitude and duration which are represented by a flow-duration curve; the mean annual load, both volume and grain size distribution, which is imposed on to the channel reach from upstream; and the geotechnical properties of the bank sediment. The unknown dependent or decision variables to be solved for include the channel width, depth, bank angle, roughness, and grain size distribution of the bed surface. The dependent variables adjust subject to the constraints of discharge, bedload, bank stability, and valley slope, to determine a channel geometry which is optimal as defined by a maximization of, which is the coefficient of sediment transport efficiency. The work in this thesis is an extension of earlier models that have predicted the geometry of sand and gravel rivers with reasonable success, however the degree of scatter associated with these models limited their application to quantitative engineering applications. The advances in this thesis over the earlier optimization models are the inclusion of the bank stability analyses, modelling using the full flow-duration data, and calculating the grain size distribution of the bed-surface. The formulation presented in this thesis is specific to gravel-bed rivers, however it can be reformulated for sand-bed rivers.
title: Preparation, characterisation and application of ordered mesoporous materials
Creators: name: Sakina, Farzeen
Publisher: name: University of St Andrews
Year: 2019

description: The history of ordered mesoporous materials starts with the discovery of MCM-41(Mobil Composition of Matter-41) in 1992 using an organic template as structure directing agent. Mesoporous materials have not only proved to be ideal candidates in various fields like, for example, catalysis but could also be potentially used as a hard template for synthesising other useful mesoporous materials. The aim of this research was to develop industrially feasible and environmentally friendly methods for the preparation of ordered mesoporous materials, to characterise these and to study their applications. The main techniques used for the characterisation of these mesoporous materials were N₂ physisorption, XRD and TEM. In the first part of the study, metal- and halogen-free ordered mesoporous polymer and carbon materials having 2D hexagonal (P6mm) and body centered cubic (Im3̅m) mesostructures were made using a modified two phase method employing alternative polymerisation and condensation catalysts. These materials had high surface area and pore volume and had narrow pore size distributions. Their physical evolution with increasing calcination temperature was examined as were the effects of varying synthesis parameters on the nature of the final mesostructure. The second part of the study was focused on the synthesis of ordered mesoporous ceria using metal- and halogen-free ordered mesoporous carbon materials - made in the first part of the study - as the hard template. The mesoporous ceria having 2D hexagonal arrangement of pores were successfully synthesised using a solid-liquid method which is a solvent free, easy to use and environmentally friendly method. The carbon template calcined at 400 °C was found to be the best template in terms of giving high loading of precursor and giving high quality product. The synthesis of body centered cubic ceria was less successful than hoped due to the small pore openings in this template material. The third part of study involved the preparation of mesoporous carbon supported Pd catalysts and their use in the hydrodechlorination of trichloromethane (TCM). The results were very promising, and 100 % conversions were obtained at 175 °C with high selectivity to alkanes and low selectivity to intermediate chlorinated products.
The axial N to Delta transition form factors from Lattice QCD
Creators: name: Alexandrou, C.
name: Leontiou, Th.
name: Negele, J. W.
name: Tsapalis, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the N to Delta axial transition form factors in lattice QCD in the quenched theory, with two degenerate flavors of dynamical Wilson fermions and using domain wall valence fermions with staggered sea quark configurations. We predict the ratio $C_5^A(q^2)/C_3^V(q^2)$ relevant to the parity violating asymmetry and check the validity of the off-diagonal Goldberger-Treiman relation.
description: Version as accepted for publication, Fig.2 replaced, Normalization factor corrected in Fig.4; 4 pages, 5 figures
GTMD model predictions for diffractive dijet production at EIC
Creators: name: Boer, Daniël
name: Setyadi, Chalis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we consider a small-$x$ model for gluon GTMDs that we fit to data on diffractive dijet production in electron-proton collisions obtained by HERA's H1 Collaboration. Assuming a small number of free parameters, each with a physical motivation, we are able to describe those data fairly well and with this model we obtain predictions for the EIC for both electroproduction and photoproduction which may allow to further test the underlying GTMD description. In the general discussion of the impact parameter dependence we recall some subtle issues related to localization of states, choice of frames, and discuss what these aspects imply for the range of applicability of the model.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures, footnote and reference added
A Glossary of Food and Agricultural Policy Terms, 1989
Creators: name: Lipton, Kathryn L.
name: Pollack, Susan L.
name: Lipton, Kathryn L.
name: Pollack, Susan L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural policy
subject: food policy
subject: food and agricultural legislation

description: This glossary is designed to serve as a practical guide to the many terms associated with food and agricultural policies and programs. Embodied in a myriad of complex programs, these policies cover agricultural commodities, international trade and development, domestic and international food assistance, and conservation. The glossary includes program descriptions, terms used in implementing the programs, and the Federal agencies involved.
Semantic elicitation: Modality
Creators: name: Chebet Bett, Lydia
name: Bossi, Madeline
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: sgc

description: One .wav file and one .pdf file. Elicitation of modality questionnaire to understand Kipsigis modal inventory, with a focus on epistemic modality and modal force flexibility with rɑisi.
Artificial Intelligence Advances for De Novo Molecular Structure Modeling in Cryo-EM
Creators: name: Si, Dong
name: Nakamura, Andrew
name: Tang, Runbang
name: Guan, Haowen
name: Hou, Jie
name: Firozi, Ammaar
name: Cao, Renzhi
name: Hippe, Kyle
name: Zhao, Minglei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has become a major experimental technique to determine the structures of large protein complexes and molecular assemblies, as evidenced by the 2017 Nobel Prize. Although cryo-EM has been drastically improved to generate high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) maps that contain detailed structural information about macromolecules, the computational methods for using the data to automatically build structure models are lagging far behind. The traditional cryo-EM model building approach is template-based homology modeling. Manual de novo modeling is very time-consuming when no template model is found in the database. In recent years, de novo cryo-EM modeling using machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) has ranked among the top-performing methods in macromolecular structure modeling. Deep-learning-based de novo cryo-EM modeling is an important application of artificial intelligence, with impressive results and great potential for the next generation of molecular biomedicine. Accordingly, we systematically review the representative ML/DL-based de novo cryo-EM modeling methods. And their significances are discussed from both practical and methodological viewpoints. We also briefly describe the background of cryo-EM data processing workflow. Overall, this review provides an introductory guide to modern research on artificial intelligence (AI) for de novo molecular structure modeling and future directions in this emerging field.
Polynomial Hamiltonian form of General Relativity
Creators: name: Katanaev, M. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phase space of General Relativity is extended to a Poisson manifold by inclusion of the determinant of the metric and conjugate momentum as additional independent variables. As a result, the action and the constraints take a polynomial form. New expression for the generating functional for the Green functions is proposed. We show that the Dirac bracket defines degenerate Poisson structure on a manifold, and a second class constraints are the Casimir functions with respect to this structure. As an application of the new variables, we consider the Friedmann universe.
description: 33 pages, 1 figure, corrected references
Cylindrical spikes
Creators: name: Moughal, Muhammad Zubair Ali
name: Lim, Woei Chet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Geroch/Stephani transformation is a solution-generating transformation, and may generate spiky solutions. The spikes in solutions generated so far are either early-time permanent spikes or transient spikes. We want to generate a solution with a late-time permanent spike. We achieve this by applying Stephani's transformation with the rotational Killing vector field of the locally rotationally symmetric Jacobs solution. The late-time permanent spike occurs along the cylindrical axis. Using a mixed Killing vector field, the generated solution also features a rich variety of transient structures. We introduce a new technique to analyse these structures. Our findings lead us to discover a transient behaviour, which we call the overshoot transition. These discoveries compel us to revise the description of transient spikes.
description: 25 pages, 13 figures. Abridged version of arXiv:2102.09776. Accepted by CQG
Polymer Glass Formation: Role of Activation Free Energy, Configurational Entropy, and Collective Motion
Creators: name: Xu, Wen-Sheng
name: Douglas, Jack F.
name: Sun, Zhao-Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a perspective on polymer glass formation, with an emphasis on models in which the fluid entropy and collective particle motion dominate the theoretical description and data analysis. We first discuss the dynamics of liquids in the high temperature Arrhenius regime, where transition state theory is formally applicable. We then summarize the evolution of the entropy theory from a qualitative framework for organizing and interpreting temperature-dependent viscosity data by Kauzmann to the formulation of a hypothetical `ideal thermodynamic glass transition' by Gibbs and DiMarzio, followed by seminal measurements linking entropy and relaxation by Bestul and Chang and the Adam-Gibbs (AG) model of glass formation rationalizing the observations of Bestul and Chang. These developments laid the groundwork for the generalized entropy theory (GET), which merges an improved lattice model of polymer thermodynamics accounting for molecular structural details and enabling the analytic calculation of the configurational entropy with the AG model, giving rise to a highly predictive model of the segmental structural relaxation time of polymeric glass-forming liquids. The development of the GET has occurred in parallel with the string model of glass formation in which concrete realizations of the cooperatively rearranging regions are identified and quantified for a wide range of polymeric and other glass-forming materials. The string model has shown that many of the assumptions of AG are well supported by simulations, while others are certainly not, giving rise to an entropy theory of glass formation that is largely in accord with the GET. As the GET and string models continue to be refined, these models progressively grow into a more unified framework, and this Perspective reviews the present status of development of this promising approach to the dynamics of polymeric glass-forming liquids.
description: 108 pages, 14 figures
Magnetized accretion disks around Kerr black holes with scalar hair -- Nonconstant angular momentum disks
Creators: name: Gimeno-Soler, Sergio
name: Font, José A.
name: Herdeiro, Carlos
name: Radu, Eugen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83C57, 76Y05

description: We present new equilibrium solutions of stationary models of magnetized thick disks (or tori) around Kerr black holes with synchronised scalar hair. The models reported here largely extend our previous results based on constant radial distributions of the specific angular momentum along the equatorial plane. We introduce a new way to prescribe the distribution of the disk's angular momentum based on a combination of two previous proposals and compute the angular momentum distribution outside the equatorial plane by resorting to the construction of von Zeipel cylinders. We find that the effect of the scalar hair on the black hole spacetime can yield significant differences in the disk morphology and properties compared to what is found if the spacetime is purely Kerr. Some of the tori built within the most extreme, background hairy black hole spacetime of our sample exhibit the appearance of two maxima in the gravitational energy density which impacts the radial profile distributions of the disk's thermodynamical quantities. The models reported in this paper can be used as initial data for numerical evolutions with GRMHD codes to study their stability properties. Moreover, they can be employed as illuminating sources to build shadows of Kerr black holes with scalar hair which might help further constrain the no-hair hypothesis as new observational data is collected.
description: 21 pages, 10 figures
Large Fourier transforms never exactly realized by braiding conformal blocks
Creators: name: Freedman, Michael H.
name: Wang, Zhenghan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fourier transform is an essential ingredient in Shor's factoring algorithm. In the standard quantum circuit model with the gate set $\{\U(2), \textrm{CNOT}\}$, the discrete Fourier transforms $F_N=(ω^{ij})_{N\times N},i,j=0,1,..., N-1, ω=e^{\frac{2πi}{N}}$, can be realized exactly by quantum circuits of size $O(n^2), n=\textrm{log}N$, and so can the discrete sine/cosine transforms. In topological quantum computing, the simplest universal topological quantum computer is based on the Fibonacci (2+1)-topological quantum field theory (TQFT), where the standard quantum circuits are replaced by unitary transformations realized by braiding conformal blocks. We report here that the large Fourier transforms $F_N$ and the discrete sine/cosine transforms can never be realized exactly by braiding conformal blocks for a fixed TQFT. It follows that approximation is unavoidable to implement the Fourier transforms by braiding conformal blocks.
Generalized isothermic lattices
Creators: name: Doliwa, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study multidimensional quadrilateral lattices satisfying simultaneously two integrable constraints: a quadratic constraint and the projective Moutard constraint. When the lattice is two dimensional and the quadric under consideration is the Moebius sphere one obtains, after the stereographic projection, the discrete isothermic surfaces defined by Bobenko and Pinkall by an algebraic constraint imposed on the (complex) cross-ratio of the circular lattice. We derive the analogous condition for our generalized isthermic lattices using Steiner's projective structure of conics and we present basic geometric constructions which encode integrability of the lattice. In particular, we introduce the Darboux transformation of the generalized isothermic lattice and we derive the corresponding Bianchi permutability principle. Finally, we study two dimensional generalized isothermic lattices, in particular geometry of their initial boundary value problem.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures; v2. some typos corrected; v3. new references added, higlighted similarities and differences with recent papers on the subject
Η γλώσσα του δικαίου και η σύνδεσή της με τη μεθοδολογική του προσέγγιση
Creators: name: Βασιλούδης, Δημήτριος Κωνσταντίνου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2017
Subjects: Γλώσσα του δικαίου
Ερμηνεία του δικαίου
Βιτγκενστάιν και δίκαιο
Legal language
Legal interpretation
Wittgenstein and law

description: Η διπλωματική αυτή εργασία στοχεύει στην πληρέστερη δυνατή παρουσίαση του αδιάρρηκτου δεσμού που εντοπίζεται ανάμεσα στην ανθρώπινη γλώσσα, με όσα χαρακτηριστικά αυτή παρουσιάζει, και στην εφαρμογή του δικαίου. Ειδικότερα, αναδεικνύεται ο τρόπος, με τον οποίο το γλωσσικό φαινόμενο και ιδίως τα σύμφυτα γνωρίσματά του υποδεικνύουν την αρτιότερη δυνατή μεθοδολογική προσέγγιση του δικαιικού φαινομένου. Κεντρική ιδέα της εργασίας είναι ότι η πολυσημία της γλώσσας, η πραγματολογική σταθεροποίηση των νοημάτων της και τα υπόλοιπα χαρακτηριστικά της δύνανται να καταστήσουν προβληματική οποιαδήποτε απόπειρα για γραμματική ερμηνευτική προσέγγιση του δικαίου. Επιβάλλεται να αναζητήσουμε πιο αξιόπιστους τρόπους για μεθοδολογική κατάκτηση του νομικού φαινομένου. Υπό την ανωτέρω υπόθεση εργασίας, διανοίγεται ο δρόμος προς μια κριτική αποτίμηση των μεθόδων ερμηνείας του δικαίου σε σύγχρονη έννομη τάξη.
description: The purpose of this dissertation thesis is the adequate presentation of the indissoluble bond that lies between human language and its features and the application of law. In particular, it is being highlighted in which way the linguistic phenomenon and its characteristics indicate the best possible methodological approach of the legal phenomenon. Main idea of this thesis is that the fluidity of the language meanings, the stabilization of these meanings only during its use in social reality and the rest of its characteristics may render problematic any semantic interpretative approach of law and suggest more reliable ways of methodological conquest of the legal phenomenon. Under the above assumption, an intellectual path is being followed towards a critical assessment of legal interpretation methods in a modern legal system, always in the context of understanding the function of language in human society.
Galileo In-Situ Dust Measurements in Jupiter's Gossamer Rings
Creators: name: Krueger, Harald
name: Hamilton, Douglas P.
name: Moissl, Richard
name: Gruen, Eberhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During its late orbital mission at Jupiter the Galileo spacecraft made two passages through the giant planet's gossamer ring system. The impact-ionization dust detector on board successfully recorded dust impacts during both ring passages and provided the first in-situ measurements from a dusty planetary ring. In all, a few thousand dust impacts were counted with the instrument accumulators during both ring passages, but only a total of 110 complete data sets of dust impacts were transmitted to Earth. Detected particle sizes range from about 0.2 to 5 micron, extending the known size distribution by an order of magnitude towards smaller particles than previously derived from optical imaging (Showalter et al. 2008). The grain size distribution increases towards smaller particles and shows an excess of these tiny motes in the Amalthea gossamer ring compared to the Thebe ring. The size distribution for the Amalthea ring derived from our in-situ measurements for the small grains agrees very well with the one obtained from images for large grains. Our analysis shows that particles contributing most to the optical cross-section are about 5 micron in radius, in agreement with imaging results. The measurements indicate a large drop in particle flux immediately interior to Thebe's orbit and some detected particles seem to be on highly-tilted orbits with inclinations up to 20 deg.
description: 13 figures, 4 tables, submitted to Icarus
Static, cyclic and post liquefaction simple shear response of sands
Creators: name: Sivathayalan, Sivapathasundaram
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: An experimental study of static, cyclic and post cyclic undrained simple shear response of reconstituted water pluviated Fraser River sand is presented and compared to its triaxial behaviour from an earlier study. Static and cyclic behaviour was assessed over a range of void ratios that included the loosest deposition state using different confining stress levels. The effect of reconstitution technique on undrained behaviour was also investigated. It is shown that the method of specimen reconstitution has a profound influence on its undrained response. If laboratory results are to be meaningful in field application, the specimen reconstitution technique must duplicate the deposition process of the deposit to be modelled. The static undrained response in simple shear is contractive only for the loosest of the accessible void ratios, regardless of the level of confining stress. For a given initial void ratio and confining stress level, simple shear response is much less contractive than triaxial extension response. The criteria for contractive deformation during cyclic loading based on triaxial studies are shown to be also valid under cyclic simple shear. The influence of confining stress level on liquefaction resistance is shown to increase with relative density in a manner similar to that found under triaxial conditions. The cyclic resistance at the loosest state is essentially independent of the confining stress level. At denser states, however, the reduction factor K in simple shear is not as high as under the triaxial conditions. The reduction factor C used to adjust cyclic triaxial liquefaction resistance to an equivalent field simple shear condition is shown to be larger than currently adopted in design, and its value is dependent on both density as well as confining stress level. The strain level over which sand deforms essentially at zero stiffness in post liquefaction loading is dependent on relative density and maximum strain experienced during cyclic loading. Post liquefaction response of cyclically liquefied sand is shown to be essentially similar to that of the sand liquefied by static load-unload cycle. The undrained simple shear and triaxial behaviour of the silty Syncrude sand is shown to be, in general, similar to that of Fraser River sand.
Active Galaxies in the UV
Creators: name: Kollatschny, Wolfram
name: Ting-Gui, Wang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we present different aspects of AGN studies demonstrating the importance of the UV spectral range. Most important diagnostic lines for studying the general physical conditions as well as the metalicities in the central broad line region in AGN are emitted in the UV. The UV/FUV continuum in AGN excites not only the emission lines in the immediate surrounding but it is responsible for the ionization of the intergalactic medium in the early stages of the universe. Variability studies of the emission line profiles of AGN in the UV give us information on the structure and kinematics of the immediate surrounding of the central supermassive black hole as well as on its mass itself.
description: 29 pages, 13 figures, Ap&SS in press
An inventory of atomic species in the atmosphere of WASP-121b using UVES high-resolution spectroscopy
Creators: name: Merritt, Stephanie R.
name: Gibson, Neale P.
name: Nugroho, Stevanus K.
name: de Mooij, Ernst J. W.
name: Hooton, Matthew J.
name: Lothringer, Joshua D.
name: Matthews, Shannon M.
name: Mikal-Evans, Thomas
name: Nikolov, Nikolay
name: Sing, David K.
name: Watson, Chris A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultra-hot Jupiters (UHJs) present excellent targets for atmospheric characterisation. Their hot dayside temperatures (T $\gtrsim$ 2200 K) strongly suppress the formation of condensates, leading to clear and highly-inflated atmospheres extremely conducive to transmission spectroscopy. Recent studies using optical high-resolution spectra have discovered a plethora of neutral and ionised atomic species in UHJs, placing constraints on their atmospheric structure and composition. Our recent work has presented a search for molecular features and detection of Fe I in the UHJ WASP-121b using VLT/UVES transmission spectroscopy. Here, we present a systematic search for atomic species in its atmosphere using cross-correlation methods. In a single transit, we uncover potential signals of 17 atomic species which we investigate further, categorising 5 as strong detections, 3 as tentative detections, and 9 as weak signals worthy of further exploration. We confirm previous detections of Cr I, V I, Ca I, K I and exospheric H I and Ca II made with HARPS and ESPRESSO, and independently re-recover our previous detection of Fe I at 8.8 $σ$ using both the blue and red arms of the UVES data. We also add a novel detection of Sc II at 4.2 $σ$. Our results further demonstrate the richness of UHJs for optical high-resolution spectroscopy.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Some notes on the Big Trip
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Diaz, Pedro F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The big trip is a cosmological process thought to occur in the future by which the entire universe would be engulfed inside a gigantic wormhole and might travel through it along space and time. In this paper we discuss different arguments that have been raised against the viability of that process, reaching the conclusions that the process can actually occur by accretion of phantom energy onto the wormholes and that it is stable and might occur in the global context of a multiverse model. We finally argue that the big trip does not contradict any holographic bounds on entropy and information.
description: 8 pages, no figures, LaTex
Critical Current Distributions of Recent Bi-2212 Round Wires
Creators: name: Barua, Shaon
name: Davis, Daniel S.
name: Oz, Yavuz
name: Jiang, Jianyi
name: Hellstrom, Eric E.
name: Trociewitz, Ulf P.
name: Larbalestier, David C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bi-2212 is the only high-field, high-temperature superconductor (HTS) capable of reaching a critical current density $J_{\text{c}}$(16 T, 4.2 K) of 6500 $\mathrm{A\cdot mm^{-2}}$ in the highly desirable round wire (RW) form. However, state-of-the-art Bi-2212 conductors still have a critical current density ($J_{\text{c}}$) to depairing current density ($J_{\text{d}}$) ratio around 20 to 30 times lower than that of state-of-the-art $\mathrm{Nb-Ti}$ or REBCO. Previously, we have shown that recent improvements in Bi-2212 RW $J_{\text{c}}$ are due to improved connectivity associated with optimization of the heat treatment process, and most recently due to a transition to a finer and more uniform powder manufactured by Engi-Mat. One quantitative measure of connectivity may be the critical current ($I_{\text{c}}$) distribution, since the local $I_{\text{c}}$ in a wire can vary along the length due to variable vortex-microstructure interactions and to factors such as filament shape variations, grain-to-grain connectivity variations and blocking secondary phase distributions. Here we compare $\sim$ 0.1 m length $I_{\text{c}}$ distributions of Bi-2212 RWs with recent state-of-the-art very high-$J_{\text{c}}$ Engi-Mat powder and lower $J_{\text{c}}$ and older Nexans granulate powder. We do find that the $I_{\text{c}}$ spread for Bi-2212 wires is about twice the relative standard of high-$J_{\text{c}}$ $\mathrm{Nb-Ti}$ well below $H_{\text{irr}}$. We do not yet see any obvious contribution of the Bi-2212 anisotropy to the $I_{\text{c}}$ distribution and are rather encouraged that these Bi-2212 round wires show relative $I_{\text{c}}$ distributions not too far from high-$J_{\text{c}}$ $\mathrm{Nb-Ti}$ wires.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables
Scattering Polarization in the Presence of Magnetic and Electric Fields
Creators: name: Oo, Yee Yee
name: Sampoorna, M.
name: Nagendra, K. N.
name: Ananthamurthy, Sharath
name: Ramachandran, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The polarization of radiation by scattering on an atom embedded in combined external quadrupole electric and uniform magnetic fields is studied theoretically. Limiting cases of scattering under Zeeman effect and Hanle effect in weak magnetic fields are discussed. The theory is general enough to handle scattering in intermediate magnetic fields (Hanle-Zeeman effect) and for arbitrary orientation of magnetic field. The quadrupolar electric field produces asymmetric line shifts and causes interesting level-crossing phenomena either in the absence of an ambient magnetic field or in its presence. It is shown that the quadrupolar electric field produces an additional depolarization in the $Q/I$ profiles and rotation of the plane of polarization in the $U/I$ profile over and above that arising from magnetic field itself. This characteristic may have a diagnostic potential to detect steady state and time varying electric fields that surround radiating atoms in Solar atmospheric layers.
description: 41 pages, 6 figures
Braneworld gravitational collapse from a radiative bulk
Creators: name: Pal, Supratik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the fate of a collapsing star on the brane in a generalized braneworld gravity with bulk matter. Specifically, we investigate for the possibility of having a static exterior for a collapsing star in the radiative bulk scenario. Here, the nonlocal correction due to bulk matter is manifest in an induced mass that adds up to the physical mass of the star resulting in an effective mass. A Schwarzschild solution for the exterior in terms of this effective mass is obtained, which reveals that even if the star exchanges energy with the bulk, the exterior may appear to be static to a braneworld observer located outside the collapsing region. The possible explanation of the situation from the discussion on the role of bulk matter is provided. The nature of bulk matter and the corresponding bulk geometry have also been obtained and analyzed, which gives a complete picture of both brane and bulk viewpoints.
description: 8 pages. Revised version. References added. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Βιογραφική διερεύνηση εκπαίδευσης και επαγγελματικής σταδιοδρομίας. Συγκριτική δικτυακή ανάλυση βιογραφικών διαδρομών στα πεδία Φυσικής Αγωγής και Αθλητισμού, ευρύτερου ιδιωτικού και δημόσιου τομέα
Creators: name: Ντερβίση, Λεονόρα
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2017
Subjects: Βιογραφικές διαδρομές
Δίκτυα εκπαίδευσης εργαζομένων
Δίκτυα Επιθυμητών Σπουδών
Biographical Paths
Educational Networks of Workforce
Desired Networks of Workforce

description: Συγκριτική ανάλυση των βιογραφικών διαδρομών εκπαίδευσης εργαζομένων σε διαφορετικά επαγγελματικά πεδία, όπως περιγράφονται στον τίτλο. Οι τίτλοι σπουδών που αποκτήθηκαν, επιδιώκονται ή θα ήταν επιθυμητό να αποκτηθούν αντιμετωπίζονται ως κόμβοι, ενώ η πραγματική, σκοπούμενη ή επιθυμητή (χρονική) διαδοχή τους θεωρείται σχέση μεταξύ των κόμβων αυτών. Η συνολική διαδρομή τέτοιων διαδοχών (δηλ. η σειρά με την οποία σπούδασε και απέκτησε, σκοπεύει ή θα ήθελε να σπουδάσει κάποιος εργαζόμενος τα αντίστοιχα αντικείμενα και τίτλους σπουδών) συνιστά μια βιογραφική διαδρομή σπουδών (education life course), πχ διαδρομή α: πτυχίο Μηχανολόγου Μηχανικού, μεταπτυχιακό ΜΒΑ, διδακτορικό στο Data mining σε τμήμα Πληροφορικής, διαδρομή β: πτυχίο Ιατρικής, μεταπτυχιακό Νευροβιολογίας σε τμήμα Βιολογίας, διδακτορικό σε νευρωνικά δίκτυα σε τμήμα Ηλεκτρολόγων Μηχανικών, κλπ. Κάθε μια τέτοια διαδρομή εργαζόμενου συνιστά ήδη ένα μικρό και απλό δίκτυο. Αν προστεθούν όλες αυτές οι ατομικές διαδρομές των εργαζομένων σε ένα συγκεκριμένο φορέα και γενικότερο εργασιακό πεδίο, αναμένεται να προκύψει ένα πιο πολύπλοκο συνολικό δίκτυο, όπου θα φαίνεται η κεντρικότητα των διαφόρων αντικειμένων σπουδών. Αν πχ ο κόμβος «ΜΒΑ» ή το «τμήμα Οικονομικών» γενικά χαρακτηρίζονται από υψηλό betweenness γενικά, τότε αυτό σημαίνει ότι αποτελεί έναν κόμβο διερχομένων στην εκπαίδευση, και λειτουργεί ως εστία προσανατολισμού
description: Comparative study of Biographical Paths of Education of workforce in different fields. The degrees that were aquired or wished to have been acquired are the Network Nodes and a series of Network Centralities have been estimated in order to highlight similarities in the structure between the working fields as well as between the acquired degrees and the desired degrees
Rigorous sufficient conditions for index-guided mode in microstructured dielectric waveguides
Creators: name: Lee, Karen K. Y.
name: Avniel, Yehuda
name: Johnson, Steven G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a sufficient condition for the existence of index-guided modes in a very general class of dielectric waveguides, including photonic-crystal fibers (arbitrary periodic claddings, such as ``holey fibers''), anisotropic materials, and waveguides with periodicity along the propagation direction. This condition provides a rigorous guarantee of cutoff-free index-guided modes in any such structure where the core is formed by increasing the index of refraction (e.g. removing a hole). It also provides a weaker guarantee of guidance in cases where the refractive index is increased ``on average'' (precisely defined). The proof is based on a simple variational method, inspired by analogous proofs of localization for two-dimensional attractive potentials in quantum mechanics.
description: 15 pages
Το ζήτημα της θρησκείας: Φιλοσοφικές και Ψυχαναλυτικές διαστάσεις
Creators: name: Αργυροπούλου, Κωνσταντίνα Νικολάου-Βύρωνα
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2017
Subjects: Θρησκεία-Φιλοσοφία-Ψυχανάλυση
Religion-Philosophy-Phsychoanalysis

description: Σκοπός της μεταπτυχιακής εργασίας ήταν η διερεύνηση του τρόπου προσέγγισης του ζητήματος της θρησκείας μέσα απο την οπτική φιλοσοφικών και ψυχοαναλυτικών προσεγγίσεων. Αρχικά εξετάστηκε το ζήτημα της θρησκείας απο την μεριά της φιλοσοφίας και ειδικότερα υπο το πρίσμα του φιλοσόφου Νίτσε. Στη συνέχεια αναφέρθηκε το κίνημα του υπαρξισμου και του μηδενισμού, τα οποία επηρέασαν βαθύτατα τον φιλόσοφο στην άσκηση ανθρωπολογικής κριτικής στη θρησκεία. Ακόμη παρουσιάστηκε η ψυχαναλυτική προσέγγιση της θρησκείας απο τους ψυχαναλυτές Φρόυντ και Γιούγκ. Τέλος αναλύθηκε η έννοια του προσωπικού ασυνειδήτου και πόσο διαφορετικά την αντιλαμβάνονται οι δύο ψυχαναλυτες στις θεωρητικες τους προσεγγίσεις
description: The purpose of this thesis is to examine the way of approaching religions matters through the point of view of philosophers and phsychoanalysists. Initially, the religions subject matter was explored from a philosophical perspective, mainly from Friedrich Nietzsche’s standpoint. Then, the movements of existentialism and nihilism, which deeply influenced the philosopher in exercising an anthropological critical thinking into religion, were examined. Also, the thesis presents a phsychoanalytical approach to religion from the standpoint of Z. Froid and K. Jung. Lastly, the concept of the unconscious mind was analyzed with emphasis and the distinctive approaches of the two phsychoanalysists
The LOFAR Transients Key Project
Creators: name: Fender, Rob
name: Braun, Robert
name: Stappers, Ben
name: Wijers, Ralph
name: Wise, Michael
name: Coenen, Thijs
name: Falcke, Heino
name: Griessmeier, Jean-Mathias
name: van Haarlem, Michiel
name: Jonker, Peter
name: Law, Casey
name: Markoff, Sera
name: Masters, Joseph
name: Miller-Jones, James
name: Osten, Rachel
name: Scheers, Bart
name: Spreeuw, Hanno
name: Swinbank, John
name: Vogt, Corina
name: Wijnands, Rudy
name: Zarka, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: LOFAR, the Low Frequency Array, is a new radio telescope under construction in the Netherlands, designed to operate between 30 and 240 MHz. The Transients Key Project is one of the four Key Science Projects which comprise the core LOFAR science case. The remit of the Transients Key Project is to study variable and transient radio sources detected by LOFAR, on timescales from milliseconds to years. This will be achieved via both regular snapshot monitoring of historical and newly-discovered radio variables and, most radically, the development of a `Radio Sky Monitor' which will survey a large fraction of the northern sky on a daily basis.
description: Accepted for publication in the proceedings of VI Microquasar Workshop: Microquasars and Beyond, 18-22 September 2006, Como (Italy), ed: T. Belloni (2006)
Απόψεις φοιτητών/τριών για την κοινωνική αειφορία. Μια φαινομενογραφική ανάλυση
Creators: name: Τσαμάνδουρα, Ευθυμία Ιωάννα Εμμανουήλ
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2017
Subjects: Κοινωνική Αειφορία
Φαινομενογραφία
Social Sustainability
Phenomenography

description: Σκοπός της παρούσας μελέτης είναι ο προσδιορισμός των αντιλήψεων και των απόψεων προπτυχιακών φοιτητών/τριών των Παιδαγωγικών Τμημάτων σχετικά με την έννοια της Κοινωνικής Αειφορίας. Το δείγμα της έρευνας αποτέλεσαν 148 φοιτητές και φοιτήτριες του Παιδαγωγικού Τμήματος Δημοτικής Εκπαίδευσης του Πανεπιστημίου Δυτικής Μακεδονίας, οι οποίοι προέρχονταν από όλα τα έτη φοίτησης. Η συλλογή δεδομένων πραγματοποιήθηκε με τη χρήση ερωτηματολογίου, το οποίο αποτελούνταν από δύο ερωτήσεις ανοιχτού τύπου, ενώ η μέθοδος ανάλυσης που χρησιμοποιήθηκε ήταν αυτή της φαινομενογραφικής προσέγγισης, με βάση την οποία γίνεται προσπάθεια να αναδειχθούν ποιοτικά διαφορετικές όψεις της κατανόησης των φοιτητών/τριών σχετικά με το υπό μελέτη θέμα. Αναφορικά με τα ευρήματα της έρευνας, εκφράστηκε πλουραλισμός απόψεων γύρω από την έννοια της Κοινωνικής Αειφορίας, η οποία αναδείχθηκε σε μια πολυσύνθετη έννοια που περιλαμβάνει διαφορετικές πτυχές ενώ εντοπίστηκε και κάποιο είδος σύνδεσης μεταξύ κοινωνικής και γενικότερης αειφορίας, όπως άλλωστε επισημαίνεται και από την υπάρχουσα βιβλιογραφία. Ωστόσο, το έτος φοίτησης των συμμετεχόντων δεν φάνηκε να έχει σημαντικό ρόλο στην δημιουργία των απόψεων και των αντιλήψεων των φοιτητών/τριών
description: The goal of this study is to explore aspects of undergraduate students’ understanding about the Social Sustainability. Participants were 148 students from the Department of Primary Education, University of Western Macedonia, originating from all years of study. Data collected through questionnaire consisted of two open-ended questions and a phenomenographic approach was implemented to analyze students’ written answers regarding their understanding about of social sustainability. Analysis revealed a variety of students’ ideas about the concept of Social Sustainability, which developed into a complex concept that includes different aspects. In addition, some kind of link between social and general sustainability was identified by the participants, as it is noted by the existing literature. Moreover, the participants’ year of study did not seem to have an important role in the formation of students’ ideas
Comment on: Uncommonly accurate energies for the general quartic oscillator, Int. J. Quantum Chem., e26554 (2020), by P.Okun and K.Burke
Creators: name: Turbiner, A. V.
name: del Valle, J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that for the one-dimensional quantum quartic anharmonic oscillator the numerical results obtained by Okun-Burke in Ref.2 are easily reproduced and can be significantly improved in Lagrange Mesh Method (based on non-uniform lattice).
description: 8 pages, 3 Tables; several footnotes added, typos corrected, Ref.7 updated, Acknowledgements added
Compactified Strings as Quantum Statistical Partition Function on the Jacobian Torus
Creators: name: Matone, Marco
name: Pasti, Paolo
name: Shadchin, Sergey
name: Volpato, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the solitonic contribution of compactified strings corresponds to the quantum statistical partition function of a free particle living on higher dimensional spaces. In the simplest case of a compactification in a circle, the Hamiltonian corresponds to the Laplacian on the 2g-dimensional Jacobian torus associated to the genus g Riemann surface corresponding to the string worldsheet. T-duality leads to a symmetry of the partition function mixing time and temperature. Such a classical/quantum correspondence and T-duality shed some light on the well-known interplay between time and temperature in QFT and classical statistical mechanics.
description: 10 pages, typos corrected, minor changes; to appear in Physical Review Letters
Nonlocal aspects of $λ$-symmetries and ODEs reduction
Creators: name: Ferraioli, Diego Catalano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34C14

description: A reduction method of ODEs not possessing Lie point symmetries makes use of the so called $λ$-symmetries (C. Muriel and J. L. Romero, \emph{IMA J. Appl. Math.} \textbf{66}, 111-125, 2001). The notion of covering for an ODE $\mathcal{Y}$ is used here to recover $λ$-symmetries of $\mathcal{Y}$ as nonlocal symmetries. In this framework, by embedding $\mathcal{Y}$ into a suitable system $\mathcal{Y}^{\prime}$ determined by the function $λ$, any $λ$-symmetry of $\mathcal{Y}$ can be recovered by a local symmetry of $\mathcal{Y}^{\prime}$. As a consequence, the reduction method of Muriel and Romero follows from the standard method of reduction by differential invariants applied to $\mathcal{Y}^{\prime}$.
description: 13 pages
Sediment toxicity testing: battery test evaluation of shallow urban streams and the effect of sampling method on toxicity
Creators: name: Smith, Jacqueline A.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Sediments have been recognized as a potential source of contamination in aquatic environments. Toxicity testing has been used as a tool for studying sediment related toxicity, although many aspects of the methodology are still evolving. However, it has been debated whether or not the results of laboratory assays can be extrapolated to ecosystems effects. As well, questions arise about changes that occur in sediments when they are manipulated in the laboratory during toxicity testing. This study examined the effects of sampling method on sediment toxicity. Toxicity tests were performed on sediment which had been mixed (homogenized) and the toxicity compared to that of undisturbed sediment cores, where the integrity of the sediment had been maintained. Toxicity tests performed on the sediment included Daphnia magna, Chironomus tentans, and Microtox®. Chemical analysis of the sediment was also done, including metals, polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), ammonia, and metal/sulfide ratios. It was found that the method of sampling affected toxicity of sediments to Chironomus tentans in about half the cases. However, the method of sampling did not affect toxicity to Daphnia magna, probably because the type of contaminants found in the sediments were not available to the Daphnia. Daphnia magna were unresponsive to all sediment tested. A bacterial luminescence bioassay (Microtox®) was also performed to compare the sensitivities of the different toxicity tests. It was found that the Microtox® Solid Phase Test was the most sensitive of all the tests, and was able to distinguish between contaminated and uncontaminated sediment. The measurement of metal/AVS ratio in sediment was not found to be a useful tool in determining whether a sediment would be toxic or non-toxic to organisms.