cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Spin Hall Effects in Antiferromagnets
Creators: name: Gulbrandsen, Sverre A.
name: Espedal, Camilla
name: Brataas, Arne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments demonstrate that antiferromagnets exhibit the spin Hall effect. We study a tight-binding model of an antiferromagnet on a square lattice with Rashba spin-orbit coupling and disorder. By exact diagonalization of a finite system connected to reservoirs within the Landauer-B$\ddot{\text{u}}$ttiker formalism, we compute the transverse spin Hall current in response to a longitudinal voltage difference. Surprisingly, the spin Hall conductance can be considerably larger in antiferromagnets than in normal metals. We compare our results to the Berry-phase-induced spin Hall effect governed by the intrinsic contribution in the Kubo formula. The Berry-phase-induced intrinsic spin Hall conductivity in bulk systems shows the opposite behavior: large exchange couplings in AFs drastically reduce the spin Hall current.
description: 12 Figures
title: Neural Stem Cells as Model to Study Neurodegeneration and Novel Therapeutics in Lysosomal Storage Disorders
Creators: name: Bouché, Valentina
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2013

description: Neural Stem Cells (NSCs) are self-renewing multipotent populations responsible for the generation of neurons and glial cells of the developing brain and account for the limited regenerative plasticity of the adult brain. In view of their reliable use as cellular model to study neurodegenerative diseases, and as potential donors in cell-based therapeutic approaches, we have isolated and characterized NSCs from a mouse model of a neurodegenerative Lysosomal Storage Disorder (LSD), the Multiple Sulfatase Deficiency (MSD), caused by mutations in the sulfatase modifying factor 1 (SUMF1) gene that encodes the enzyme responsible for sulfatase activation. Isolated MSD-NSCs are phenotypically similar to wild-type precursors and are able to differentiate into neurons and astrocytes, although they show a progressive loss of their self-renewal capacity. Moreover, differentiated MSD cells recapitulate the main pathological features of the disease, such as progressive cell vacuolization, lysosomal accumulation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), altered autophagy with accumulation of poly-ubiquitinated proteins, and increased levels of apoptosis. Interestingly, glia-differentiated MSD cells display the tendency to form aggresomes, perinuclear aggregates of misfolded protein, which is a common feature to many neurodegenerative diseases. We also showed that the overexpression of the Transcription Factor EB (TFEB), a master-gene that modulate lysosomal function and autophagy, induces lysosomal exocytosis through activation of mucolipin 1 (MCOLN1) and reduces significantly primary and secondary pathologic storage, ameliorating the phenotype of MSD cells (Medina et al. 2011). These results validate the use of NSCs isolated from LSD mouse models to study their neurodegenerative phenotype, and envisage their use to explore new therapeutic approaches by the modulation of TFEB expression in LSDs.
Educación superior virtual en Colombia: factores asociados al abandono
Creators: name: Segovia, Nuria
name: Said-Hung, Elias
name: García Aguilera, Francisco José
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: En los últimos años Colombia ha experimentado una fuerte demanda de estudiantes provenientes de una amplia diversidad de puntos geográficos y entornos socioeconómicos que quieren acceder al sistema de educación superior. Para garantizar la acogida de todos los estudiantes se han desarrollado estrategias que incrementan la oferta educativa y facilitan el acceso a través de modalidades novedosas como la virtual o a distancia virtual. Pero a pesar de las mejoras en la cobertura, Colombia sigue teniendo un reto importante en cuanto a la permanencia al registrar altas tasas de abandono. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar los factores que están afectando al abandono de la educación superior en Colombia en modalidad virtual para ello se ha diseñado una encuesta que recoge, a través de 62 ítems, información demográfica, socioeconómica, académica, de infraestructura tecnológica y de satisfacción. La muestra ha estado formada por 384 estudiantes con intención de abandono en alguno de 403 programas de pregrado en modalidad virtual, con registro calificado activo a junio de 2019, según el SNIES. A partir de un estudio cuantitativo, en el que se empleó regresión logística multinomial como modelo estadístico, se ha podido establecer cómo, entre otras variables, la satisfacción que experimentan los estudiantes con relación a los servicios recibidos por parte de la institución y el contenido ofrecido para desarrollar su programa, son factores que están asociadas a la permanencia académica de estos. Por lo que el papel asumido por las Instituciones de Educación Superior, en garantizar la permanencia de los estudiantes, bajo modelos educativos virtuales, requiere de una respuesta educativa equitativa y de calidad atendiendo especialmente a los estudiantes más vulnerables.
Alignment and orientation of an adsorbed dipole molecule
Creators: name: Liao, Y. Y.
name: Chen, Y. N.
name: Chuu, D. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Half-cycle laser pulse is applied on an absorbed molecule to investigate its alignment and orientation behavior. Crossover from field-free to hindered rotation motion is observed by varying the angel of hindrance of potential well. At small hindered angle, both alignment and orientation show sinusoidal-like behavior because of the suppression of higher excited states. However, mean alignment decreases monotonically as the hindered angle is increased, while mean orientation displays a minimum point at certain hindered angle. The reason is attributed to the symmetry of wavefunction and can be explained well by analyzing the coefficients of eigenstates.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. B (2004)
Universal scaling behavior of directed percolation around the upper critical dimension
Creators: name: Lubeck, S.
name: Willmann, R. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we consider the steady state scaling behavior of directed percolation around the upper critical dimension. In particular we determine numerically the order parameter, its fluctuations as well as the susceptibility as a function of the control parameter and the conjugated field. Additionally to the universal scaling functions, several universal amplitude combinations are considered. We compare our results with those of a renormalization group approach.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in J. Stat. Phys
Variable Accretion onto Protoplanet Host Star PDS 70
Creators: name: Thanathibodee, Thanawuth
name: Molina, Brandon
name: Calvet, Nuria
name: Serna, Javier
name: Bae, Jaehan
name: Reynolds, Mark
name: Hernández, Jesús
name: Muzerolle, James
name: Hernández, Ramiro Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The PDS 70 system has been subject to many studies in the past year following the discovery of two accreting planets in the gap of its circumstellar disk. Nevertheless, the mass accretion rate onto the star is still not well known. Here we determined the stellar mass accretion rate and its variability based on TESS and HARPS observations. The stellar light curve shows a strong signal with a $3.03\pm0.06$ days period, which we attribute to stellar rotation. Our analysis of the HARPS spectra shows a rotational velocity of $v\sin\,i=16.0\pm0.5\,{\rm km\,s^{-1}}$, indicating that the inclination of the rotation axis is $50\pm8$ degrees. This implies that the rotation axes of the star and its circumstellar disk are parallel within the measurement error. We apply magnetospheric accretion models to fit the profiles of the H$α$ line and derive mass accretion rates onto the star in the range of $0.6-2.2\times10^{-10}\,{\rm M_{\odot}yr^{-1}}$, varying over the rotation phase. The measured accretion rates are in agreement with those estimated from NUV fluxes using accretion shock models. The derived accretion rates are higher than expected from the disk mass and planets properties for the low values of the viscous parameter $α$ suggested by recent studies, potentially pointing to an additional mass reservoir in the inner disk to feed the accretion, such as a dead zone. We find that the He I $λ$10830 line shows a blueshifted absorption feature, indicative of a wind. The mass-loss rate estimated from the line depth is consistent with an accretion-driven inner disk MHD wind.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal; 13 pages; 8 figures
Cancellation of vorticity in steady-state non-isentropic flows of complex fluids
Creators: name: Mariano, Paolo Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 76A05; 76A15; 76A25; 76B45; 76B47

description: In steady-state non-isentropic flows of perfect fluids there is always thermodynamic generation of vorticity when the difference between the product of the temperature with the gradient of the entropy and the gradient of total enthalpy is different from zero. We note that this property does not hold in general for complex fluids for which the prominent influence of the material substructure on the gross motion may cancel the thermodynamic vorticity. We indicate the explicit condition for this cancellation (topological transition from vortex sheet to shear flow) for general complex fluids described by coarse-grained order parameters and extended forms of Ginzburg-Landau energies. As a prominent sample case we treat first Korteweg's fluid, used commonly as a model of capillary motion or phase transitions characterized by diffused interfaces. Then we discuss general complex fluids. We show also that, when the entropy and the total enthalpy are constant throughout the flow, vorticity may be generated by the inhomogeneous character of the distribution of material substructures, and indicate the explicit condition for such a generation. We discuss also some aspects of unsteady motion and show that in two-dimensional flows of incompressible perfect complex fluids the vorticity is in general not conserved, due to a mechanism of transfer of energy between different levels.
description: 12 pages
Derivation of K-matrix reaction theory in a discrete basis formalism
Creators: name: Alhassid, Y.
name: Bertsch, G. F.
name: Fanto, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The usual derivations of the S and K matrices for two-particle reactions proceed through the Lippmann-Schwinger equation with formal definitions of the incoming and outgoing scattering states. Here we present an alternative derivation that is carried out completely in the Hamiltonian representation, using a discrete basis of configurations for the scattering channels as well as the quasi-bound configurations of the combined fragments. We use matrix algebra to derive an explicit expression for the K matrix in terms of the Hamiltonian of the internal states of the compound system and the coupling between the channels and the internal states. The formula for the K matrix includes explicitly a real dispersive shift matrix to the internal Hamiltonian that is easily computed in the formalism. That expression is applied to derive the usual form of the S matrix as a sum over poles in the complex energy plane. Some extensions and limitations of the discrete-basis Hamiltonian formalism are discussed in the concluding remarks and in the Appendix.
title: Study of Cyclophilin A Function in Models of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Creators: name: Lauranzano, Eliana
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2013

description: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an incurable neurodegenerative disease targeting preferentially motor neurons. Cyclophilin A (CypA) was identified as a hallmark of disease in mutant SOD1 (mSOD1) animal models of familial ALS (fALS) at a presymptomatic stage, and in sporadic (sALS) patients (Massignan 2007; Nardo 2011). Moreover, CypA was enriched in the spinal cord aggregates of mSOD1 mice and sALS patients (Basso 2009). CypA is an ubiquitous protein with multiple functions relevant to the CNS, where it is abundantly expressed. Insights into CypA function in ALS were provided via a proteomic analysis of its interacting proteins, that functionally associated CypA with different proteins networks. In particular, it extensively binds proteins regulating RNA metabolism, including several hnRNPs and TDP-43, a major disease protein in ALS. TDP-43 and CypA interact in the nucleus, in an RNA-dependent way. CypA has a key role in the stabilization of TDP-43/hnRNP A2/B1 interaction, and TDP-43-mediated HDAC6 expression regulation, properties impaired in TDP-43 ALS-mutants, possibly because of a loss-of-interaction with CypA. CypA interacts also with mSOD1, suggesting a gain-of-interaction specifically linked to fALS. Mice expressing mSOD1 and lacking CypA show increased levels of insoluble mSOD1 and hyperphosphorylated TDP-43 in the spinal cord at the onset. This thesis work shows that CypA has a protective role in ALS: as a chaperone (for mSOD1) and in maintenance of multi-protein (TDP-43/hnRNPs) complex stability. Regardless the cause of the disease, mSOD1 or alterations in TDP-43, the interaction with CypA is impaired and it is cosequestered in proteinaceous aggregates, altering its protective activities. The net effect is the formation of pathological inclusions that may lead to a compromised RNA metabolism. CypA being a key interacting partner of both mSOD1 and TDP-43 can represent the "missing link" of these two patho-mechanisms in ALS and an interesting target for therapeutic interventions.
POSTAVENIE VEL'KOOBCHODOV V SYSTEME DISTRIBUCIE POTRAVINARSKYCH VYROBKOV NA SLOVENSKU
A POSITION OF WHOLESALERS IN THE FOOD PRODUCT DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM IN SLOVAKIA
Creators: name: VICEN, Michal
name: VICEN, Michal
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Financial Economics
subject: wholesalers
subject: food products
subject: assortment
subject: location
subject: size

description: An analysis of a group of wholesale firms specializing in supplies of retailers with food products in Slovakia points at their considerable differentiation in terms of size, performance, assortment and equipment. The mean sale area of a wholesale store is 392 m2 and its mean storage ground is approximately three times higher (1,291m2). The average number of employees is 22.8, producing on average the annual sales of 102.9 mil. SKK per wholesale firm. The firms run by owners are larger, with higher performance, than the rented ones. From the viewpoint of location, the smallest size and the lowest turnover are achieved by the wholesalers in the centre of city. On the other hand, the biggest and most effective wholesale stores are located in villages. There are also great differences in the assortment offered. All of the wholesale firms under investigation (30) deal with sales of flour, pastries and they very rarely offer red meat and meat products (20 %). The widest assortment was found in alcoholic drinks (129 different kinds), whilst the poorest offer was detected in eggs and soft sheep cheese bryndza (1 or 2 kinds). The highest share of foreign products was observed in fruits (53%), cigarettes (49%) and pastries (44%). Milk, cream, soft cheese, bread, milling and bakery products, poultry meat and products made of it were only of domestic origin.
title: Pathogenesis of Haemorrhage Associated With Dengue Infection in Adults in Vietnam
Creators: name: Dinh, The Trung
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2012

description: Clinical experience suggests that adults with dengue manifest a pattern of complications different from those observed in children, but direct comparisons among populations experiencing the same exposure have rarely been published. I conducted a large prospective descriptive study of dengue across all age-groups presenting to a single institution in an endemic country during a defined time-period. Vascular leakage was more severe in the paediatric patients and DSS developed much more frequently in this age-group. In contrast haemorrhagic manifestations and severe organ involvement were more common in adults. Similar to the established findings in children, typical coagulation abnormalities were apparent in the adults - i.e. prolonged APTT with reduced fibrinogen levels but without evidence of true disseminated intravascular coagulation. However thrombocytopenia was significantly worse among the adults throughout the evolution of the disease, even after adjusting for the higher rate of secondary infections in this group, and platelet counts after recovery remained lower than in the children. Clinically severe liver involvement was seen only in adults and was infrequent but usually resulted in severe bleeding. Chronic hepatitis B co-infection was associated with modestly but significantly increased levels of alanine aminotransferase, but did not otherwise impact the clinical picture. To investigate the mechanisms underlying the increase in APTT I carried out APTT Mixing Studies confirming that deficiency of coagulation factors is a major contributory factor. Since there is little evidence for procoagulant activation the most likely mechanism for this would be leakage of coagulation proteins, many of which are of a similar size to albumin. An additional explanation for the increased APTT could be the presence of a circulating anticoagulant. I found very high levels of heparan sulfate (HS) in the dengue plasma, but was not able to show that the HS exerts an anticoagulant effect. I also used FACS analysis to demonstrate that circulating endothelial cells (CECs) are increased during dengue infections and that percentage CECs correlate with the severity of the coagulopathy and with bleeding. Parallel increases in both CECs and HS levels support the theory that disruption of the endothelial cell/glycocalyx complex occurs during dengue infections - i.e. CECs appear to be shed from the endothelial layer while HS may be shed from the surface glycocalyx. These disruptions likely affect the function of the complex and could contribute to the pathogenesis of the systemic vascular leak syndrome.
Reconstructing the time evolution of wall-bounded turbulent flows from non-time resolved PIV measurements
Creators: name: Krishna, C. Vamsi
name: Wang, Mengying
name: Hemati, Maziar S.
name: Luhar, Mitul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) systems are often limited in their ability to fully resolve the spatiotemporal fluctuations inherent in turbulent flows due to hardware constraints. In this study, we develop models based on Rapid Distortion Theory (RDT) and Taylor's Hypothesis (TH) to reconstruct the time evolution of a turbulent flow field in the intermediate period between consecutive PIV snapshots obtained using a non-time resolved system. The linear governing equations are evolved forwards and backwards in time using the PIV snapshots as initial conditions. The flow field in the intervening period is then reconstructed by taking a weighted sum of the forward and backward estimates. This spatiotemporal weighting function is designed to account for the advective nature of the RDT and TH equations. Reconstruction accuracy is evaluated as a function of spatial resolution and reconstruction time horizon using Direct Numerical Simulation data for turbulent channel flow from the Johns Hopkins Turbulence Database. This method reconstructs single-point turbulence statistics well and resolves velocity spectra at frequencies higher than the temporal Nyquist limit of the acquisition system. Reconstructions obtained using a characteristics-based evolution of the flow field under TH prove to be more accurate compared to reconstructions obtained from numerical integration of the discretized forms of RDT and TH. The effect of measurement noise on reconstruction error is also evaluated.
description: 21 pages, 11 captioned figures
FORMULATING A STRATEGIC POSITION FOR SLOVAK NATIONAL SPECIALITIES ON THE FOREIGN MARKET
FORMULOVANIE STRATEGICKEJ TRHOVEJ POZICIE PRE SLOVENSKE NARODNE SPECIALITY NA ZAHRANICNOM TRHU
Creators: name: HORSKA, Elena
name: NAGYOVA, Ludmila
name: HORSKA, Elena
name: NAGYOVA, Ludmila
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: soft sheep cheese bryndza
subject: export
subject: foreign market
subject: customer
subject: marketing strategy
subject: strategy of competitiveness

description: The work analyses current situation in export performance of the Slovak national specialities - sheep cheese and soft sheep cheese bryndza. The research covers a period of 1995 - 2000. The main attention is paid to a proposal of marketing strategy for soft sheep cheese bryndza with such key features as emphasizing national character of the product, using previous customer's experiences, in-store communication and Internet are. The requirements for common national strategy, state and institutional supports and integrated approach for the purposes of intensifying export activities of Slovak agrobusiness entities are also mentioned.
Educación superior virtual en Colombia: factores asociados al abandono
Creators: name: Said-Hung, Elias
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: En los últimos años Colombia ha experimentado una fuerte demanda de estudiantes provenientes de una amplia diversidad de puntos geográficos y entornos socioeconómicos que quieren acceder al sistema de educación superior. Para garantizar la acogida de todos los estudiantes se han desarrollado estrategias que incrementan la oferta educativa y facilitan el acceso a través de modalidades novedosas como la virtual o a distancia virtual. Pero a pesar de las mejoras en la cobertura, Colombia sigue teniendo un reto importante en cuanto a la permanencia al registrar altas tasas de abandono. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar los factores que están afectando al abandono de la educación superior en Colombia en modalidad virtual para ello se ha diseñado una encuesta que recoge, a través de 62 ítems, información demográfica, socioeconómica, académica, de infraestructura tecnológica y de satisfacción. La muestra ha estado formada por 384 estudiantes con intención de abandono en alguno de 403 programas de pregrado en modalidad virtual, con registro calificado activo a junio de 2019, según el SNIES. A partir de un estudio cuantitativo, en el que se empleó regresión logística multinomial como modelo estadístico, se ha podido establecer cómo, entre otras variables, la satisfacción que experimentan los estudiantes con relación a los servicios recibidos por parte de la institución y el contenido ofrecido para desarrollar su programa, son factores que están asociadas a la permanencia académica de estos. Por lo que el papel asumido por las Instituciones de Educación Superior, en garantizar la permanencia de los estudiantes, bajo modelos educativos virtuales, requiere de una respuesta educativa equitativa y de calidad atendiendo especialmente a los estudiantes más vulnerables.
Anyon wave equations and the noncommutative plane
Creators: name: Horvathy, Peter A.
name: Plyushchay, Mikhail S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ``Jackiw-Nair'' non-relativistic limit of the relativistic anyon equations provides us with infinite-component wave equations of the Dirac-Majorana-Levy-Leblond type for the ``exotic'' particle, associated with the two-fold central extension of the planar Galilei group. An infinite dimensional representation of the Galilei group is found. The velocity operator is studied, and the observable coordinates describing a noncommutative plane are identified.
description: 11 pages, typos corrected
The moduli space of curves is rigid
Creators: name: Hacking, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14H10

description: We prove that the moduli stack of stable curves of genus g with n marked points is rigid, i.e., has no infinitesimal deformations. This confirms the first case of a principle proposed by Kapranov. It can also be viewed as a version of Mostow rigidity for the mapping class group.
description: 11 pages. v2: Proof rewritten to avoid use of log structures. Example of nonrigid moduli space of surfaces added
Green House Gas Emissions Associated with UBC Supply Management's Use of the Iron Mountain Storage Facility
Creators: name: Shirazi, Niloufar Nawaby
name: Raad, Sana
name: Jackson, Claire
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Measurement of the Blackbody Radiation Shift of the 133Cs Hyperfine Transition in an Atomic Fountain
Creators: name: Levi, F.
name: Calonico, D.
name: Lorini, L.
name: Micalizio, S.
name: Godone, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We used a Cs atomic fountain frequency standard to measure the Stark shift on the ground state hyperfine transiton frequency in cesium (9.2 GHz) due to the electric field generated by the blackbody radiation. The measures relative shift at 300 K is -1.43(11)e-14 and agrees with our theoretical evaluation -1.49(07)e-14. This value differs from the currently accepted one -1.69(04)e-14. The difference has a significant implication on the accuracy of frequency standards, in clocks comparison, and in a variety of high precision physics tests such as the time stability of fundamental constants.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables
On the Differentiability of Projected Trajectories and the Robust Convergence of Non-convex Anti-Windup Gradient Flows
Creators: name: Hauswirth, Adrian
name: Dörfler, Florian
name: Teel, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper concerns a new class of discontinuous dynamical systems for constrained optimization. These dynamics are particularly suited to solve nonlinear, non-convex problems in closed-loop with a physical system. Such approaches using feedback controllers that emulate optimization algorithms have recently been proposed for the autonomous optimization of power systems and other infrastructures. In this paper, we consider feedback gradient flows that exploit physical input saturation with the help of anti-windup control to enforce constraints. We prove semi-global convergence of "projected" trajectories to first-order optimal points, i.e., of the trajectories obtained from a pointwise projection onto the feasible set. In the process, we establish properties of the directional derivative of the projection map for non-convex, prox-regular sets.
title: Effect of Foetal and Adult Stem Cells in Acute and Chronic Kidney Diseases
Creators: name: Rota, Cinzia
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2013

description: Acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are serious illnesses associated to high mortality and unsatisfactory therapeutic treatments. In search for new therapies, it has become evident that stem cells could be a possible option for patients with AKI and CKD. The evidence of the renoprotective effect of bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) in experimental model of AKI, prompted us to study the effect of stem cells isolated from sources that are more accessible as cord blood (CB) and amniotic fluid. Infusion of hCB-MSCs in immunodeficient mice with AKI ameliorated renal function and tubular structure, prolonging survival. Moreover, transplanted hCB-MSCs localized in peritubular areas, limiting oxidative stress and apoptosis. By virtue of stem cell capacity to produce growth factors, hCB-MSCs were able to induce the pro-survival factor Akt in tubular cells and subsequently their proliferation. Using the well-established model of AKI in immunodeficient mice, we studied the pro-regenerative effect of amniotic fluid stem (hAFS) cells. Infusion of hAFS cells in cisplatin-mice improved renal function and limited tubular damage, although not to control level, and prolonged animal survival. These cells engrafted injured kidney predominantly in peritubular region and through a paracrine mechanism are able to exert an anti-apoptotic effect, to activate Akt and stimulate proliferation of tubular cells. We enhanced the therapeutic potential of hAFS cells by cell pre-treatment with GDNF, which markedly ameliorated renal function and tubular injury by increasing stem cell homing to the tubulointerstitial compartment. In AKI models, the renoprotective effect of BM-MSCs is well established, however the role of these stem cells in model of CKD is controversial and not demonstrated so far. Therefore, we tested the effect of BM-MSCs in a model of adriamycin-induced nephropathy. Repeated infusions of BM-MSCs limited podocyte loss, and normalized distribution of parietal epithelial cells along the Bowman's capsule, reducing glomerulosclerosis. Moreover, through the local release of growth factors as VEGF, BM-MSCs were able to provide a local prosurvival environment that limited glomerular inflammation and microvascular rarefaction.
Time Variability of Nonthermal X-ray Stripes in Tycho's Supernova Remnant with Chandra
Creators: name: Okuno, Tomoyuki
name: Tanaka, Takaaki
name: Uchida, Hiroyuki
name: Aharonian, Felix A.
name: Uchiyama, Yasunobu
name: Tsuru, Takeshi Go
name: Matsuda, Masamune
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analyzing Chandra data of Tycho's supernova remnant (SNR) taken in 2000, 2003, 2007, 2009, and 2015, we search for time variable features of synchrotron X-rays in the southwestern part of the SNR, where stripe structures of hard X-ray emission were previous found. By comparing X-ray images obtained at each epoch, we discover a knot-like structure in the northernmost part of the stripe region became brighter particularly in 2015. We also find a bright filamentary structure gradually became fainter and narrower as it moved outward. Our spectral analysis reveal that not only the nonthermal X-ray flux but also the photon indices of the knot-like structure change from year to year. During the period from 2000 to 2015, the small knot shows brightening of $\sim 70\%$ and hardening of $ΔΓ\sim 0.45$. The time variability can be explained if the magnetic field is amplified to $\sim 100~\mathrm{μG}$ and/or if magnetic turbulence significantly changes with time.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
Simulations of planet-disc interactions using Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Schaefer, C.
name: Speith, R.
name: Hipp, M.
name: Kley, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations to study the time evolution of one and two protoplanets embedded in a protoplanetary accretion disc. We investigate accretion and migration rates of a single protoplanet depending on several parameters of the protoplanetary disc, mainly viscosity and scale height. Additionally, we consider the influence of a second protoplanet in a long time simulation and examine the migration of the two planets in the disc, especially the growth of eccentricity and chaotic behaviour. One aim of this work is to establish the feasibility of SPH for such calculations considering that usually only grid-based methods are adopted. To resolve shocks and to prevent particle penetration, we introduce a new approach for an artificial viscosity, which consists of an additional artificial bulk viscosity term in the SPH-representation of the Navier-Stokes equation. This allows for an accurate treatment of the physical kinematic viscosity to describe the shear, without the use of an artificial shear viscosity.
description: 11 pages, 14 figures, uses natbib.sty and aa.cls; accepted for publication by A&A. Please contact the author for a version with high-resolution figures
Rotation Velocities of Red and Blue Field Horizontal-Branch Stars
Creators: name: Behr, Bradford B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present measurements of the projected stellar rotation velocities (v sin i) of a sample of 45 candidate field horizontal-branch (HB) stars spanning a wide range of effective temperature, from red HB stars with Teff ~ 5000 K to blue HB stars with Teff of 17000 K. Among the cooler blue HB stars (Teff = 7500-11500 K), we confirm prior studies showing that although a majority of stars rotate at v sin i < 15 km/s, there exists a subset of "fast rotators" with v sin i as high as 30-35 km/s. All but one of the red HB stars in our sample have v sin i < 10 km/s, and no analogous rotation bimodality is evident. We also identify a narrow-lined hot star (Teff ~ 16000 K) with enhanced photospheric metal abundances and helium depletion, similar to the abundance patterns found among hot BHB stars in globular clusters, and four other stars that may also belong in this category. We discuss details of the spectral line fitting procedure that we use to deduce v sin i, and explore how measurements of field HB star rotation may shed light on the issue of HB star rotation in globular clusters.
description: 47 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables, accepted for publication in November 2003 ApJS
Solid-solid phase equilibria in the NaCl-KCl system
Creators: name: Anwar, Jamshed
name: Leitold, Christian
name: Peters, Baron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solid solutions, structurally ordered but compositionally disordered mixtures, can form for salts, metals, and even organic compounds. The NaCl-KCl system forms a solid solution at all compositions between 657°C and 505°C. Below a critical temperature of 505°C, the system exhibits a miscibility gap with coexisting Na-rich and K-rich rocksalt phases. We calculate the phase diagram in this region using the semi-grand canonical Widom method, which averages over virtual particle transmutations. We verify our results by comparison with free energies calculated from thermodynamic integration and extrapolate the location of the critical point. The calculations reproduce the experimental phase diagram remarkably well and illustrate how solid-solid equilibria and chemical potentials, including those at metastable conditions, can be computed for materials that form solid solutions.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
Discerning Aggregation in Homogeneous Ensembles: A General Description of Photon Counting Spectroscopy in Diffusing Systems
Creators: name: Ren, Hai-cang
name: Goddard, Noel L.
name: Altan-Bonnet, Gregoire
name: Libchaber, Albert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to discern aggregation in solutions, we present a quantum mechanical analog of the photon statistics from fluorescent molecules diffusing through a focused beam. A generating functional is developed to fully describe the experimental physical system as well as the statistics. Histograms of the measured time delay between photon counts are fit by an analytical solution describing the static as well as diffusing regimes. To determine empirical fitting parameters, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy is used in parallel to the photon counting. For expedient analysis, we find that the distribution's deviation from a single Poisson shows a difference between two single fluor moments or a double fluor aggregate of the same total intensities. Initial studies were performed on fixed-state aggregates limited to dimerization. However preliminary results on reactive species suggest that the method can be used to characterize any aggregating system.
description: 30 pages, 5 figures
Charmonium spectral functions in Nf=2 QCD
Creators: name: Morrin, R.
name: Cais, A. P. O
name: Oktay, M. B.
name: Peardon, M. J.
name: Skullerud, J. I.
name: Aarts, G.
name: Allton, C. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a study of charmonium at high temperature in 2-flavour QCD. This is the first such study with dynamical fermions. Using an improved anisotropic lattice action, spectral functions are extracted from correlators in the vector and pseudoscalar channels. No signs of medium-induced suppression of the ground states are seen for temperatures up to 1.5T_c, while at T~2T_c there are clear signs of modifications. The current systematic and statistical uncertainties in our data, in particular the relatively coarse lattice and small volume, do not allow us to draw a firm conclusion at this stage.
description: 6 pages, talk by JIS at Lattice 2005 (Non-zero temperature and density)
AKTIVOVANIE ZDROJOV EKONOMICKEHO RASTU POL'NOHOSPODARSKO-POTRAVINARSKEHO KOMPLEXU V PRISTUPOVOM OBOBI DO EUROSKEJ UNIE
RESOURCE'S ACTIVATION OF ECONOMIC INCREASING IN THE AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD COMPLEX WITH REGARD TO THE PRE-ACCESS PERIOD INTO EU
Creators: name: GOZORA, Vladimir
name: GOZORA, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Financial Economics
subject: economic growth resources
subject: cooperation
subject: vertical and horizontal integration
subject: divisionalization
subject: transformation
subject: mergers & acquisitions
subject: company wind-up and bankruptcy

description: The work analyses structural and process changes in the agricultural and food complex of Slovakia. The adverse effects of divisionalization, transformation and restoration of agricultural business entities on this complex and its sectors are documented. The main attention is paid to the activation of economic growth resources during the EU pre-accession period and to arrangements how to improve productive power and competitiveness of agricultural entities to the European market structures.
Regulation of chondrocyte biosynthetic activity by dynamic hydrostatic pressure: the role of TRP channels
Creators: name: Savadipour, Alireza
name: Nims, Robert J.
name: Katz, Dakota B.
name: Guilak, Farshid
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Introduction: Chondrocytes perceive and respond to mechanical loading as signals that regulate their metabolism. Joint loading exposes chondrocytes to multiple modes of mechanical stress, including hydrostatic pressure; however, the mechanisms by which chondrocytes sense physiologically relevant levels of hydrostatic pressure are not well understood. We hypothesized that hydrostatic pressure is transduced to an intracellular signal through mechanosensitive membrane ion channels of chondrocytes. The goals of this study were to examine the effect of hydrostatic loading on the development of engineered cartilage tissue and the contribution of mechanosensitive ion channels on these hydrostatic loading effects. Methods: Using a 3D model of porcine chondrocytes in agarose, we applied specific chemical inhibitors to determine the role of transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels TRPV1, TRPV4, TRPC3, and TRPC1 in transducing hydrostatic pressure. Results: Hydrostatic loading caused a frequency and magnitude-dependent decrease in sulfated glycosaminoglycans (S-GAG), without changes in DNA content. Inhibiting TRPC3 and TRPV4 decreased S-GAG content; however, only the inhibition of TRPV1 partially attenuated the hydrostatic loading-induced reduction in S-GAG content. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that TRPV1 may serve as a transducer of hydrostatic pressure in chondrocytes, and provide further support for the role of TRPV4 in regulating chondrocyte anabolism, as well as initial evidence implicating TRPC3 in chondrogenesis. These findings add to our further understanding of the chondrocyte “channelome” and suggest that a range of ion channels mediate the transduction of different biophysical stimuli such as hydrostatic pressure, membrane stretch, or osmotic stress.
title: Studies on Vascular Changes and Immune Cell Role in the Ischemic Brain By In Vivo Two-Photon Microscopy
Creators: name: Fumagalli, Stefano
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2013

description: Mechanisms contributing to the inflammatory cascade, including vascular modifications and immune cell recruitment/activation, act with high dynamism within a three-dimensional space, thus being ideally investigated by in vivo two-photon microscopy (2-PM). In this thesis I applied in vivo 2-PM and quantitative bright field and confocal microscopy to explore cerebrovascular remodelling, immune cell dynamism and phenotype in two models of ischemia in mice achieved by transient or permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion. To specifically visualize microglia and T-cells, I used cx3crl eGFP and hCD2_eGFP mice, respectively.

I imaged animals before and at different time points after ischemia, and quantified blood flow velocity and extravasation in individual vessels. After reperfusion, blood flow exhibited >80% drop in most vessels and extravasation established as early as 20min after ischemia onset. In this ischemic territory, I analyzed motility and morphology of GFP+ microglia. Microglia were stationary and became ameboid at 24h after injury. The absence of fractalkine receptor (CX3CR1) prevented the ameboid switch and favoured a protective M2 microglia polarization, characterized by decreased CD68 and iNOS expression and increased Yml expression. To assess the temporal evolution of microglia/macrophage polarization in the ischemic brain, I investigated the expression and coexpression pattern of CD11b, CD45, CD68, Yml, CD206 and iNOS after ischemia by conventional immunohistochemistry. Microglia/macrophages showed multiple polarization states, with a specific pattern of distribution and association with globular or ramified CD11b morphology. M2 microglia/macrophage peaked at 24h after injury, whereas Ml cells peaked at 48h. The phagocytic activity (CD68), mainly confined at the lesion borders at 6h-48h, dramatically increased and occupied all the ischemic territory at 7d.

I finally investigated T-cells dynamism within the ischemic territory by in vivo 2-PM. I described two populations characterized by different track velocities and found that motile cells preferentially moved along the perivascular space, where they contacted astrocytes and perivascular macrophages.

These data provide novel information on the inflammatory response after stroke and pave the way for developing strategies resulting in promotion of a protective inflammatory phenotype.
STRUKTURNE A PROCESNE TRENDY V AGRARNOM MANAZMENTE Z ASPEKTU USPESNEHO PODNIKANIA NA PODE
STRUCTURAL AND PROCESS TRENDS IN AGRARIAN MANAGEMENT FROM THE ASPECT OF SUCCESSFUL FARMING
Creators: name: HUDAK, Jozef
name: HUDAK, Jozef
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Financial Economics
subject: efficiency
subject: bankruptcy
subject: profit-making enterprise
subject: loss-making enterprise
subject: economic disequilibrium

description: Present trends in agrarian management in the Slovak Republic are aimed at creating conditions for the accession to the EU, which is in the context with effort to maintain sustainable development of an agricultural country. The work evaluates, within the given tendencies, the factors of successfulness and/or bankruptcy of entities engaged in farming. Considering that a number of profit—making enterprises decreased in the last economic year, the managers have to look for the posibilities of eliminating the adverse influence of both external and internal factors on business activities. Among external factors were inflation, regulated prices, increase in indirect taxes, price disparity, ownership relations and credit conditions. As to internal factors, these are, for example, an attitude of the enterprise management or owners in terms of managing, flexibility and production innovation, access to foreign capital, as well as the strategic approach of top managers of the enterprises engaged in primary production.
Trachyderini Dupont 1836
Creators: name: Clarke, Robin
name: Zamalloa, Sonia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae

description: Tribe Trachyderini   Remarks. In this tribe, many diurnal species are also attracted to fermenting fruit, sap and nectar glands.
description: Published as part of Clarke, Robin & Zamalloa, Sonia, 2018, Bolivian anthophilous Cerambycinae (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) host flower records, pp. 1-35 in Insecta Mundi 2018 (640) on page 23, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4645968
In situ photoemission study of the room-temperature ferromagnet ZnGeP_2:Mn
Creators: name: Ishida, Y.
name: Sarma, D. D.
name: Okazaki, K.
name: Okabayashi, J.
name: Hwang, J. I.
name: Ott, H.
name: Fujimori, A.
name: Medvedkin, G. A.
name: Ishibashi, T.
name: Sato, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The chemical states of the ZnGeP$_{2}$:Mn interface, which shows ferromagnetism above room-temperature, has been studied by photoemission spectroscopy. Mn deposition on the ZnGeP$_2$ substrate heated to 400$^{\circ}$C induced Mn substitution for Zn and then the formation of metallic Mn-Ge-P compounds. Depth profile studies have shown that Mn 3$d$ electrons changed their character from itinerant to localized along the depth, and in the deep region, dilute divalent Mn species ($\textless$ 5 % Mn) was observed with a coexisting metallic Fermi edge of non-Mn 3$d$ character. The possibility of hole doping through Mn substitution for Ge and/or Zn vacancy is discussed.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures