cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A new proof of Branson’s classification of elliptic generalized gradients
Creators: name: Pilca, Mihaela
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: generalized gradient, ellipticity, Kato constant
subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: 58J10
subject: 22E45

description: We give a representation theoretical proof of Branson's classification, [4], of minimal elliptic sums of generalized gradients. The original proof uses tools of harmonic analysis, which as powerful as they are, seem to be specific for the structure groups SO(n) and Spin(n). The different approach we propose is a local one, based on the relationship between ellipticity and optimal Kato constants and on the representation theory of so(n). Optimal Kato constants for elliptic operators were computed by Calderbank, Gauduchon and Herzlich, [8]. We extend their method to all generalized gradients (not necessarily elliptic) and recover Branson's result, up to one special case. The interest of this method is that it is better suited to be applied for classifying elliptic sums of generalized gradients of G-structures, for other subgroups G of the special orthogonal group.
A Graph Neural Network Approach for Aerodynamic Sensor Placement
Creators: name: Duthé, Gregory
name: Abdallah, Imad
name: Barber, Sarah
name: Chatzi, Eleni
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: graph neural networks, sensor placement, wind turbine blades, aerosense

description: As MW-scale wind turbines are becoming larger with increasingly flexible blades, the need for sophisticated blade health monitoring techniques is growing. Recent work has shown that Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) sensor strips are well suited for the purpose of monitoring wind turbine blade aerodynamics [1]. While these systems could potentially cover an entire airfoil section of a small wind turbine blade, for larger blades with more extensive chord lengths only relatively small segments can feasibly be instrumented. In such cases, it becomes important to place the sensing strips in optimal locations, which maximize the collection of pertinent data required for the downstream monitoring tasks (e.g. damage detection, angle of attack estimation, etc.). While these downstream tasks can be of diverse nature, we choose to focus on a more general problem: flow reconstruction. Reconstructing the flow around a blade entails using the pressure measured on its surface in order to extrapolate the features (pressure and velocity fields) of the surrounding flow. Reconstructed solutions can then be utilized to enhance the performance of other monitoring tasks. In previous work, we have demonstrated how Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) could be employed to reconstruct the flow field surrounding arbitrary 2D airfoils, using only as an input the surface pressure [2]. Building upon this framework, we frame the problem of optimal sensor placement in terms of maximizing a GNNs ability to reconstruct the surrounding flow field given variable partial airfoil surface pressure. This is a challenging optimization problem, which depends not only on the shape of the airfoil but also on the external operational and environmental conditions. We show how the expressivity and extrapolation capabilities of GNNs can be leveraged such that given an arbitrary airfoil shape, a set of input conditions and some physical sensor constraints, an optimal sensing patch location is selected such that a good estimation of the surrounding flow is obtained. Finally, by incorporating elements from Graph Sampling Theory, we highlight how to properly condition the learning objective for the reconstruction task.
description: {"references": ["Barber, S., Deparday, J., Marykovskiy, Y., Chatzi, E., Abdallah, I., Duth\u00e9, G., ... & M\u00fcller, H. (2022). Development of a wireless, non-intrusive, MEMS-based pressure and acoustic measurement system for large-scale operating wind turbine blades. Wind Energy Science, 7(4), 1383-1398.", "Duth\u00e9, G., Abdallah, I., Barber, S., & Chatzi, E. (2023). Graph Neural Networks for Aerodynamic Flow Reconstruction from Sparse Sensing. arXiv preprint arXiv:2301.03228."]}
The Fermionic Projector, Entanglement, and the Collapse of the Wave Function
Creators: name: Finster, Felix
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik

description: After a brief introduction to the fermionic projector approach, we review how entanglement and second quantized bosonic and fermionic fields can be described in this framework. The constructions are discussed with regard to decoherence phenomena and the measurement problem. We propose a mechanism leading to the collapse of the wave function in the quantum mechanical measurement process.
Class a spacetimes
Creators: name: Suhr, Stefan
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik

description: Abstract. We introduce class A spacetimes, i.e. compact vicious spacetimes (M; g) such that the Abelian cover (M; g) is globally hyperbolic. We study the main properties of class A spacetimes using methods similar to the one introduced in [19] and [3]. As a consequence we are able to characterize manifolds admitting class A metrics completely as mapping tori. The set of class A spacetimes is shown to be open in the C0-topology on the set of Lorentzian metrics. As an application we prove a coarse Lipschitz property for the time separation of the Abelian cover.
Steady-State Hadronic Gamma-Ray Emission from 100-Myr-Old Fermi Bubbles
Creators: name: Crocker, Roland M.
name: Bicknell, Geoffrey V.
name: Carretti, Ettore
name: Hill, Alex S.
name: Sutherland, Ralph S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Fermi Bubbles are enigmatic γ-ray features of the Galactic bulge. Both putative activity (within $\sim$ few $\times$ Myr) connected to the Galactic center super-massive black hole and, alternatively, nuclear star formation have been claimed as the energising source of the Bubbles. Likewise, both inverse-Compton emission by non-thermal electrons (`leptonic' models) and collisions between non-thermal protons and gas (`hadronic' models) have been advanced as the process supplying the Bubbles' γ-ray emission. An issue for any steady state hadronic model is that the very low density of the Bubbles' plasma seems to require that they accumulate protons over a multi-Gyr timescale, much longer than other natural timescales occurring in the problem. Here we present a hadronic model where the timescale for generating the Bubbles' hadronic γ-ray emission is $\sim$ few $\times 10^8$ years. Our model invokes collapse of the Bubbles' thermally-unstable plasma, leading to an accumulation of cosmic rays and magnetic field into localised, warm ($\sim 10^4$ K), and likely filamentary condensations of higher density gas. Under the condition that these filaments are supported by non-thermal pressure, we can predict the hadronic emission from the Bubbles to be $L_γ\simeq 2 \times 10^{37}$ erg/s $\ \dot{M}_\mathrm{in}/(0.1 \ M_{Sun}/$ year $) \ T_\mathrm{FB}^2/(3.5 \times 10^7 K) ^2 M_{fil}/M_{pls}$ ; precisely their observed luminosity (normalizing to the star-formation-driven mass flux into the Bubbles and their measured plasma temperature and adopting the further result that the mass in the filaments, $M_{fil}$ is approximately equal to that of the Bubbles' plasma, $M_{pls}$).
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters. Shortened from ver.1 with an important modification to equation 2; qualitative results the same; vers 3: title fixed
Decomposition Mechanism of Lignin Models on Pt(111) : Combining Single Crystal Experiments and First-Principles Calculations
Creators: name: Ould Hamou, Cherif Aghiles
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2019
Subjects: Lignin
Biomass
Pt(111)
Anisole
XPS
TPD
DFT
RAIRS
Catalysis
2-Phenoxyethanol

description: The world energy and product consumption keep increasing steadily over the years as the world population keeps growing and more countries become industrialized. As the world reserves deplete it becomes a necessity to find an alternative way to meet the population’s demand. Biomass conversion seems to be the future of a clean and sustainable world. Lignin is the second most abundant polymer in the biomass. Given the unique structure and chemical properties of lignin, a wide variety of bulk and fine chemicals can be obtained and be used for goods and biofuels production. Catalysis, with its selective bond cleavage and lower energy activation, is considered as a potential key solution in the process of lignin conversion into valuable chemicals. To gain insights into that catalytic system, we performed surface science experiments (X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Temperature Programmed Desorption and Reflection Absorption Infrared Spectroscopy) under Ultra-High Vacuum conditions (UHV). Due to lignin’s physical properties limitation under UHV conditions, lignin models with the same chemical structure such as phenol, anisole, 2-phenoxyethanol and veratrol were used to gain a better understanding of the reactivity of lignin itself. Dosing anisole and 2-phenoxyethanol on Pt(111) surprisingly gave benzene, carbon monoxide and hydrogen as the main desorbing products of decomposition. With the help of Density Functional Theory (DFT), we successfully explain the unexpected selectivity. In the present work, we show in particular that phenoxy PhO stands as a key intermediate. Although the UHV conditions do not allow the hydrogenation of phenoxy into phenol, i.e. the catalytic product, they reveal the key role of both hydrogen and carbonaceous species. Under UHV conditions, anisole and 2-phenoxyethanol are extensively dehydrogenated: it results in the formation of carbonaceous fragments, which can actually perform the deoxygenation of phenoxy into benzene. The reactivity of veratrol on Pt(111) hindered the formation of benzene and only gave carbon monoxide and hydrogen as the main desorbing products of decomposition. Although carbonaceous fragments were formed on the surface, the deoxygenation of the two oxygenated arm moieties does not occur without the total decomposition of the aromatic ring, hence the formation of coke. This detailed work opens the door to a rational design of metal-based catalysts and a route towards lignin valorization.
Two-axis control of a singlet-triplet qubit with an integrated micromagnet
Creators: name: Wu, Xian
name: Ward, D. R.
name: Prance, J. R.
name: Kim, Dohun
name: Gamble, John King
name: Mohr, R. T.
name: Shi, Zhan
name: Savage, D. E.
name: Lagally, M. G.
name: Friesen, Mark
name: Coppersmith, S. N.
name: Eriksson, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The qubit is the fundamental building block of a quantum computer. We fabricate a qubit in a silicon double quantum dot with an integrated micromagnet in which the qubit basis states are the singlet state and the spin-zero triplet state of two electrons. Because of the micro magnet, the magnetic field difference $ΔB$ between the two sides of the double dot is large enough to enable the achievement of coherent rotation of the qubit's Bloch vector about two different axes of the Bloch sphere. By measuring the decay of the quantum oscillations, the inhomogeneous spin coherence time $T_{2}^{*}$ is determined. By measuring $T_{2}^{*}$ at many different values of the exchange coupling $J$ and at two different values of $ΔB$, we provide evidence that the micromagnet does not limit decoherence, with the dominant limits on $T_{2}^{*}$ arising from charge noise and from coupling to nuclear spins.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
Carrier-bound synthetic peptides. Use as antigen in HIV-1 ELISA tests and in antiserum production
Creators: name: Modrow, Susanne
name: Höflacher, B.
name: Mertz, R.
name: Wolf, Hans J.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Animals
subject: Antibody Formation
subject: Antigens/chemical synthesis
subject: Chemical Phenomena
subject: Chemistry
subject: Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods
subject: HIV Seropositivity/diagnosis
subject: Humans
subject: Peptides/immunology
subject: Polystyrenes
subject: Rabbits

description: Chemically synthesize carrier-bound peptides have been used as antigens in diagnostic test systems (ELISA) and for raising antipeptide-specific antisera. The method does not require prior cleavage of the peptides from the support used for the solid-phase synthesis. Using the same resin for both the synthesis and the subsequent applications it was possible to avoid expensive and time-consuming purification procedures and artificial recoupling to solid supports. A quick and specific ELISA-based diagnostic test system for HIV-specific antipeptide antibodies in human sera was established. In addition the carrier-bound peptides were shown to be potent antigens for raising antibodies in animals.
The Effects of Geographical and Climatic Setting on the Economic Advantages of Alternative Flood Control Measures
Creators: name: Dempsey, Clyde R.
name: James, L. Douglas
Publisher: name: Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University of Kentucky
Year: 1968

description: Abstract:
It has long been realized that tributary urban development and channel improvement greatly affect the flow regime in a given watershed. A previous study used the Stanford Watershed Model to derive relationships expressing how the flood peaks in Sacramento, California, might be expected to vary with changing conditions of urbanization, channelization, and tributary drainage area. In order to observe the effects of climatic setting and geographical location on these relationships, the same type of analysis was applied to a drainage area near Louisville, Kentucky.
If reservoir storage is to be considered in a flood control program, it is necessary to know how the entire flood hydrograph, not just the peak, may be expected to vary with changing watershed conditions. Relationships expressing these effects were also developed by applying the Stanford Watershed Model to both watersheds.
The necessary data were then assembled so that the University of Kentucky Flood Control Planning Program could be applied to the area in Louisville to illustrate the optimum flood control program in a growing urban area in a humid climate.
Funding information: "The Effects of Geographical and Climatic Setting on the Economic Advantages of Alternative Flood Control Measures" is based on research performed as part of a project entitled "Economic Analysis of Alternative Flood Control Measures" (OWRR Project No. A-001-KY) sponsored by the University of Kentucky Water Resources Institute and supported in part by funds provided by the United States Department of Interior as authorized under the Water Resources Research Act of 1964, Public Law 88-379.
Mapping AdS to dS spaces and back
Creators: name: Di Dato, Adriana
name: Fröb, Markus B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a map between Einstein spaces of positive and negative curvature, including scalar matter. Starting from a space of positive curvature with some dimensions compactified on a sphere and analytically continuing the number of compact dimensions, we obtain a space of negative curvature with a compact hyperbolic subspace, and vice versa. Prime examples of such spaces are de Sitter (dS) and anti-de Sitter (AdS) space, as well as black hole spacetimes with (A)dS asymptotics and perturbed versions thereof, which play an important role in holography. This map extends work done by Caldarelli et al., who map asymptotically AdS spaces to Ricci-flat ones. A remarkable result is that the boundary of asymptotically AdS spaces is mapped to a brane in the bulk of de Sitter, and perturbations near the AdS boundary are sourced by a stress tensor confined to this brane. We also calculate the Brown-York stress tensor for the perturbed AdS metric, which turns out to be the negative of the stress tensor on the de Sitter brane. The map can also be used as a solution generator, and we obtain a Kerr/AdS solution with hyperbolic horizon from a known Kerr/dS one.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure, includes scalar matter, matches published version
Existence and uniqueness of E∞-structures on motivic K-theory spectra
Creators: name: Naumann, Niko
name: Spitzweck, Markus
name: Ostvaer, Paul Arne
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik

description: The algebraic K-theory spectrum KGL, the motivic Adams summand ML and their connective covers have unique E1-structures refining their naive multiplicative structures in the motivic stable homotopy category. These results are deduced from T-homology computations in motivic obstruction theory.
On the support of minimizers of causal variational principles
Creators: name: Finster, Felix
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik

description: A class of causal variational principles on a compact manifold is introduced and analyzed both numerically and analytically. It is proved under general assumptions that the support of a minimizing measure is either completely timelike, or it is singular in the sense that its interior is empty. In the examples of the circle, the sphere and certain flag manifolds, the general results are supplemented by a more detailed and explicit analysis of the minimizers. On the sphere, the minimal action is estimated from above and below.
Complete boundedness of the Heat Semigroups on the von Neumann Algebra of hyperbolic groups
Creators: name: Mei, Tao
name: de la Salle, Mikael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that $(λ_g\mapsto e^{-t|g|^r}λ_g)_{t>0}$ defines a completely bounded semigroup of multipliers on the von Neuman algebra of hyperbolic groups for all real number $r$. One ingredient in the proof is the observation that a construction of Ozawa allows to characterize the radial multipliers that are bounded on every hyperbolic graph, partially generalizing results of Haagerup--Steenstrup--Szwarc and Wysoczański. Another ingredient is an upper estimate of trace class norms for Hankel matrices, which is based on Peller's characterization of such norms.
description: v2: 28 pages, with new examples, new results, motivations and hopefully a better presentation
Benchmarking Report – Assessment of Teaching and Learning Quality
Creators: name: Bruschi, Barbara
name: Armstrong, Elizabeth
name: Borgna, Stefania
name: Bruno, Massimo
name: Longo, Giorgio
name: Medana, Luisa
name: Odore, Rosangela
name: Operti, Lorenza
name: Orazi, Veronica
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: teaching
learning

description: According to the aim planned for Work Package 2, Task 2.3.1, concerning the benchmark of
 University partners of UNITA Alliance (hereinafter referred as “partners”) on “National
 practices of Quality Assurance (QA) of Teaching and Learning (T&L), with particular focus on
 Students’ evaluation of T&L” all activities have been implemented according to the following
 steps:
 - collection by UNITO (WP 2.3 working group) of QA documents from partners
 - analysis of documents by UNITO
 - formulation of ad hoc questions to be discussed with partners
 - question time: online meeting with each partner
 - summary of the data
 - drafting of the benchmarking report by UNITO
 The Benchmarking Report includes the main references to European Standards and Guidelines
 (ESG 2015) for Quality Assurance in Higher Education, with particular emphasis on Teaching and
 Learning, and an insight on students’ and teachers’ surveys on Teaching and Learning quality.
 The latter can be considered as propaedeutic for the implementation of Task 2.3.2 actions,
 namely to set questionnaires for students’ and teachers evaluation of teaching and learning
 within the UNITA framework.
 The Annexes to the present Report summarize the main benchmarking data, collected within
 partners, concerning QA principles, processes and actors, and students’ and teachers’ surveys.
 The present draft (1.0) will be shared among partners to allow correction and/or integration.
 Updated versions of the document will be shared among partners.
description: UNITA Grant number 101004082
Development and Validation of a Search Filter in PubMed MEDLINE for Immigrant Health Disparities
Creators: name: Miller, Corinne
name: Wescott, Annie B
name: Kubilius, Ramune K.
name: Wafford, Q. Eileen
Publisher: name: Galter Health Science Library & Learning Center
Year: 2019

description: Poster presented at the Medical Library Association annual conference in Chicago, IL, May 6, 2019.
Indirect control of spin precession by electric field via spin-orbit coupling
Creators: name: Yang, Li-Ping
name: Sun, C. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin-orbit coupling (SOC) can mediate electric-dipole spin resonance (EDSR) in an a.c. electric field. In this letter, the EDSR is essentially understood as an spin precession under an effective a.c. magnetic field induced by the SOC in the reference frame, which is exactly following the classical trajectory of the electron and obtained by applying a quantum linear coordinate transformation. With this observation for one-dimensional (1D) case, we find a upper limit for the spin-flipping speed in the EDSR-based control of spin, which is given by the accessible data from the current experiment. For two-dimensional case, the azimuthal dependence of the effective magnetic field can be used to measure the ratio of the Rashba and Dresselhause SOC strengths.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Parametric approximation of isotropic and anisotropic elastic flow for closed and open curves
Creators: name: Barrett, John W.
name: Garcke, Harald
name: Nürnberg, Robert
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: elastic flow, Willmore flow, Navier boundary conditions, clamped boundary conditions, parametric finite elements, tangential movement, anisotropy
subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: 65M60
subject: 65M12
subject: 35K55
subject: 53C44
subject: 74E10

description: Deckelnick and Dziuk (2009) proved a stability bound for a continuous-in-time semidiscrete parametric finite element approximation of Willmore flow/elastic flow of closed curves in Rd, d ≥ 2. We extend these ideas in considering an alternative finite element approximation of the same flow that retains some of the features of the formulations in Barrett, Garcke, and Nürnberg (2007b, 2008b, 2010b), in particular an equidistribution mesh property. For this new approximation, we obtain also a stability bound for a continuous-in-time semidiscrete scheme. Apart from the isotropic situation, we also consider the case of an anisotropic elastic energy. In addition to the evolution of closed curves, we also consider the isotropic and anisotropic elastic flow of a single open curve in the plane and in higher codimension that satisfies various boundary conditions.
Warped Brane worlds in Critical Gravity
Creators: name: Zhong, Yi
name: Chen, Feng-Wei
name: Xie, Qun-Ying
name: Liu, Yu-Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the brane models in arbitrary dimensional critical gravity presented in [Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 181302 (2011)]. For the model of the thin branes with codimension one, the Gibbons-Hawking surface term and the junction conditions are derived, with which the analytical solutions for the flat, AdS, and dS branes are obtained at the critical point of the critical gravity. It is found that all these branes are embedded in an AdS$_{n}$ spacetime, but, in general, the effective cosmological constant $Λ$ of the AdS$_{n}$ spacetime is not equal to the naked one $Λ_0$ in the critical gravity, which can be positive, zero, and negative. Another interesting result is that the brane tension can also be positive, zero, or negative, depending on the symmetry of the thin brane and the values of the parameters of the theory, which is very different from the case in general relativity. It is shown that the mass hierarchy problem can be solved in the braneworld model in the higher-derivative critical gravity. We also study the thick brane model and find analytical and numerical solutions of the flat, AdS, and dS branes. It is find that some branes will have inner structure when some parameters of the theory are larger than their critical values, which may result in resonant KK modes for some bulk matter fields. The flat branes with positive energy density and AdS branes with negative energy density are embedded in an $n$-dimensional AdS spacetime, while the dS branes with positive energy density are embedded in an $n$-dimensional Minkowski one.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, updated version, accepted by EPJC
Bottom quark and tau lepton masses in a toy ${\rm SU}(6)$
Creators: name: Chen, Ning
name: Mao, Ying-nan
name: Teng, Zhaolong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a toy ${\rm SU}(6)$ model with the symmetry breaking pattern of the extended $331$ symmetry of ${\rm SU}(3)_c \otimes {\rm SU}(3)_W \otimes {\rm U}(1)_X$. A "fermion-Higgs mismatching" symmetry breaking pattern is proposed for more realistic model building. Within such symmetry breaking pattern, only one Higgs doublet develops vacuum expectation value for the spontaneous electroweak symmetry breaking, and gives tree-level top quark mass. A natural VEV splittings in the $331$ breaking Higgs fields gives tree-level masses to both bottom quark and tau lepton. The $125\,{\rm GeV}$ SM-like Higgs boson discovered at the LHC can have Yukawa couplings to bottom quark and tau lepton as in the SM prediction, and this suggests the $331$ symmetry breaking scale to be $\sim {\cal O}(10)\,{\rm TeV}$.
description: 32 pages, 2 tables, one appendix, matches the published version
Linearly-involved Moreau-Enhanced-over-Subspace Model: Debiased Sparse Modeling and Stable Outlier-Robust Regression
Creators: name: Yukawa, Masahiro
name: Kaneko, Hiroyuki
name: Suzuki, Kyohei
name: Yamada, Isao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We present an efficient mathematical framework based on the linearly-involved Moreau-enhanced-over-subspace (LiMES) model. Two concrete applications are considered: sparse modeling and robust regression. The popular minimax concave (MC) penalty for sparse modeling subtracts, from the $\ell_1$ norm, its Moreau envelope, inducing nearly unbiased estimates and thus yielding remarkable performance enhancements. To extend it to underdetermined linear systems, we propose the projective minimax concave penalty using the projection onto the input subspace, where the Moreau-enhancement effect is restricted to the subspace for preserving the overall convexity. We also present a novel concept of stable outlier-robust regression which distinguishes noise and outlier explicitly. The LiMES model encompasses those two specific examples as well as two other applications: stable principal component pursuit and robust classification. The LiMES function involved in the model is an ``additively nonseparable'' weakly convex function but is defined with the Moreau envelope returning the minimum of a ``separable'' convex function. This mixed nature of separability and nonseparability allows an application of the LiMES model to the underdetermined case with an efficient algorithmic implementation. Two linear/affine operators play key roles in the model: one corresponds to the projection mentioned above and the other takes care of robust regression/classification. A necessary and sufficient condition for convexity of the smooth part of the objective function is studied. Numerical examples show the efficacy of LiMES in applications to sparse modeling and robust regression.
description: 17 pages, 10 fugures, journal paper
Thermodynamically consistent diffuse interface models for incompressible two-phase flows with different densities
Creators: name: Abels, Helmut
name: Garcke, Harald
name: Grün, Günther
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Two-phase flow, diffuse interface model, Cahn-Hilliard equation, free boundary value problems
subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: 76T99
subject: 35Q30
subject: 35Q35
subject: 35R35
subject: 76D05

description: A new diffuse interface model for a two-phase ow of two incompressible fluids with different densities is introduced using methods from rational continuum mechanics. The model fulfills local and global dissipation inequalities and is also generalized to situations with a soluble species. Using the method of matched asymptotic expansions we derive various sharp interface models in the limit when the interfacial thickness tends to zero. Depending on the scaling of the mobility in the diffusion equation we either derive classical sharp interface models or models where bulk or surface diffusion is possible in the limit. In the two latter cases the classical Gibbs-Thomson equation has to be modified to include kinetic terms. Finally, we show that all sharp interface models fulfill natural energy inequalities.
Thirty-six New, High-Probability, Damped Ly-alpha Absorbers at Redshift 0.42 < z < 0.70
Creators: name: Turnshek, David A.
name: Monier, Eric M.
name: Rao, Sandhya M.
name: Hamilton, Timothy S.
name: Sardane, Gendith M.
name: Held, Ryan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasar damped Ly-alpha (DLA) absorption line systems with redshifts z<1.65 are used to trace neutral gas over approximately 70 per cent of the most recent history of the Universe. However, such systems fall in the UV and are rarely found in blind UV spectroscopic surveys. Therefore, it has been difficult to compile a moderate-sized sample of UV DLAs in any narrow cosmic time interval. However, DLAs are easy to identify in low-resolution spectra because they have large absorption rest equivalent widths. We have performed an efficient strong-MgII-selected survey for UV DLAs at redshifts z=[0.42,0.70] using HST's low-resolution ACS-HRC-PR200L prism. This redshift interval covers ~1.8 Gyr in cosmic time, i.e., t~[7.2,9.0] Gyrs after the Big Bang. A total of 96 strong MgII absorption-line systems identified in SDSS spectra were successfully observed with the prism at the predicted UV wavelengths of Ly-alpha absorption. We found that 35 of the 96 systems had a significant probability of being DLAs. One additional observed system could be a very high N(HI) DLA (N(HI)~2x10^22 atoms cm^-2 or possibly higher), but since very high N(HI) systems are extremely rare, it would be unusual for this system to be a DLA given the size of our sample. Here we present information on our prism sample, including our best estimates of N(HI) and errors for the 36 systems fitted with damped Ly-alpha profiles. This list is valuable for future follow-up studies of low-redshift DLAs in a small redshift interval, although such work would clearly benefit from improved UV spectroscopy to more accurately determine their neutral hydrogen column densities.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
User Guide for Biometric Planning of Animal Trials
Creators: name: Piper, Sophie
name: Zocholl, Dario
name: Toelch, Ulf
name: Roehle, Robert
name: Konietschke, Frank
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: This booklet is an appendix to: Piper, S. K., Zocholl, D., Toelch, U., Roehle, R., Stroux, A., Hoessler, J., Zinke, A., & Konietschke, F. (2022). Statistical review of animal trials—A guideline. Biometrical Journal, 00, 00–00. https://doi.org/10.1002/bimj.202200061
Weaving Centers of Resistance:Towards an Indigenized Writing Center Praxis
Creators: name: Wang, Isaac Kawika
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: English and literacy curriculum and pedagogy (excl. LOTE, ESL and TESOL)

description: The writing centers created to serve predominately white institutions (PWIs) are not designed to meet the needs of Indigenous writers. Despite ostensible moves towards equity and social justice, Indigenous peoples often remained overlooked in writing center studies, partly due to the lack of attention paid to centers in Indigenous-serving institutions. Weaving Centers of Resistance responds to this gap by mapping the writing centers and tutoring centers at Indigenous serving institutions, investigating how tutoring pedagogy for writing is adapted in these contexts, and developing recommendations for culturally relevant writing center pedagogy. The research was conducted in three stages: A survey designed to collect basic demographic information was sent to 33 Tribal Colleges and Universities (TCUs), 35 Native American-serving, Non-Tribal Institutions (NASNTIs), and 13 Native Hawaiian-serving Institutions (NHSIs). From participants in the survey, 10 writing and tutoring center practitioners were recruited for two rounds of virtual interviews. Finally, two interview participants were recruited for virtual case study interviews. This dissertation is divided into seven chapters. The first chapter contextualizes this project in Indigenous movements towards rhetorical sovereignty set against composition’s implication in racist ideologies. The second chapter lays out the history of western colonial education, surveys Indigenous topics in writing center studies, and argues for decolonizing the writing center movement towards just pedagogies. The third chapter troubles empirical methodologies within writing center studies and discusses the methodologies and methods used for this study. The fourth chapter offers findings from the survey sent to Indigenous-serving institutions. The fifth chapter introduces the ten writing and tutoring center practitioners interviewed for this study. The sixth chapter reports on themes developed in qualitative coding of interviews. The final chapter synthesizes the findings, discusses limitations, and offers a path forward for writing center practitioners working with Indigenous peoples. A few of the key findings of this project are the prevalence of learning centers in Indigenous-serving institutions, the deeply intersectional challenges faced by Indigenous writers, and the importance of relationship for tutoring in Indigenous contexts. This work attempts to offer practitioners in Native educational contexts better tools to teach writing from Indigenous perspectives and provides scholars across humanities strategies for rethinking resistance to linguistic colonialism.
First Constraints on Growth Rate from Redshift-Space Ellipticity Correlations of SDSS Galaxies at $0.16 < z < 0.70$
Creators: name: Okumura, Teppei
name: Taruya, Atsushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first constraints on the growth rate of the universe, $f(z)σ_8(z)$, with intrinsic alignments (IAs) of galaxies. We measure the galaxy density-intrinsic ellipticity cross-correlation and intrinsic ellipticity autocorrelation functions over $0.16 < z < 0.7$ from luminous red galaxies (LRGs) and LOWZ and CMASS galaxy samples in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and SDSS-III BOSS survey. We detect clear anisotropic signals of IA due to redshift-space distortions. By combining measured IA statistics with the conventional galaxy clustering statistics, we obtain tighter constraints on the growth rate. The improvement is particularly prominent for the LRG, which is the brightest galaxy sample and known to be strongly aligned with underlying dark matter distribution; using the measurements on scales above $10\,h^{-1}\,{\rm Mpc}$, we obtain $fσ_8 = 0.5196^{ + 0.0352}_{ - 0.0354}$ (68\% confidence level) from the clustering-only analysis and $fσ_8 = 0.5322^{ + 0.0293}_{ - 0.0291}$ with clustering and IA, meaning $19\%$ improvement. The constraint is in good agreement with the prediction of general relativity, $fσ_8 = 0.4937 $ at $z=0.34$. For LOWZ and CMASS samples, the improvement of constraints on $fσ_8$ is found to be $10\%$ and $3.5\%$, respectively. Our results indicate that the contribution from IA statistics for cosmological constraints can be further enhanced by carefully selecting galaxies for a shape sample.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, matches version published in ApJL
Sutured Floer homology, fibrations, and taut depth one foliations
Creators: name: Altman, Irida
name: Friedl, Stefan
name: Juhász, András
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M27, 57R58

description: For an oriented irreducible 3-manifold M with non-empty toroidal boundary, we describe how sutured Floer homology ($SFH$) can be used to determine all fibered classes in $H^1(M)$. Furthermore, we show that the $SFH$ of a balanced sutured manifold $(M,γ)$ detects which classes in $H^1(M)$ admit a taut depth one foliation such that the only compact leaves are the components of $R(γ)$. The latter had been proved earlier by the first author under the extra assumption that $H_2(M)=0$. The main technical result is that we can obtain an extremal $\text{Spin}^c$-structure $\mathfrak{s}$ (i.e., one that is in a `corner' of the support of $SFH$) via a nice and taut sutured manifold decomposition even when $H_2(M) \neq 0$, assuming the corresponding group $SFH(M,γ,\mathfrak{s})$ has non-trivial Euler characteristic.
description: 30 pages, improved exposition
The renormalisation group via statistical inference
Creators: name: Bény, Cédric
name: Osborne, Tobias J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In physics one attempts to infer the rules governing a system given only the results of imperfect measurements. Hence, microscopic theories may be effectively indistinguishable experimentally. We develop an operationally motivated procedure to identify the corresponding equivalence classes of states, and argue that the renormalisation group arises from the inherent ambiguities associated with the classes: one encounters flow parameters as, e.g., a regulator, a scale, or a measure of precision, which specify representatives in a given equivalence class. This provides a unifying framework and identifies the role played by information in renormalisation. We validate this idea by showing that it justifies the use of low-momenta n-point functions as statistically relevant observables around a gaussian hypothesis. These results enable the calculation of distinguishability in quantum field theory. Our methods also provide a way to extend renormalisation techniques to effective models which are not based on the usual quantum-field formalism, and elucidates the relationships between various type of RG.
description: This version corrects an error at the end of Section V: the adjoint map R does not simply factor over modes
ANALYSIS OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE
Creators: name: Mirzayeva, G.P.
name: Jabbarov, O.O.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: To evaluate the prevalence of and risk factors (RF) associated with cardiovascular system damage in patients with predialysis  diabetic and nondiabetic chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Exact solvability, non-integrability, and genuine multipartite entanglement dynamics of the Dicke model
Creators: name: He, Shu
name: Duan, Liwei
name: Chen, Qing-Hu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, the finite size Dicke model of arbitrary number of qubits is solved analytically in an unified way within extended coherent states. For the $N=2k$ or $2k-1$ Dicke models ($k$ is an integer), the $G$-function, which is only an energy dependent $k \times k$ determinant, is derived in a transparent manner. The regular spectrum is completely and uniquely given by stable zeros of the $G$-function. The closed-form exceptional eigenvalues are also derived. The level distribution controlled by the pole structure of the $G$-functions suggests non-integrability for $N>1$ model at any finite coupling in the sense of recent criterion in literature. A preliminary application to the exact dynamics of genuine multipartite entanglement in the finite $N$ Dicke model is presented using the obtained exact solutions.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures
Identification of proteins encoded by Epstein-Barr virus trans-activator genes
Creators: name: Marschall, M.
name: Leser, U.
name: Seibl, R.
name: Wolf, Hans J.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Antibodies, Viral/immunology
subject: Antigens, Viral/analysis
subject: B-Lymphocytes/analysis
subject: Burkitt Lymphoma
subject: Gene Products, tat
subject: Genes
subject: Genes, Viral
subject: Herpesvirus 4, Human/immunology
subject: Humans
subject: Molecular Weight
subject: Transcription Factors/isolation & purification
subject: Tumor Cells, Cultured/analysis

description: Specific antisera were generated to characterize Epstein-Barr virus proteins reported to have trans-activating properties. Open reading frame BRLF1 was found to be expressed in two modifications in vivo, with molecular sizes ranging from 94 to 98 kilodaltons (kDa) depending on the cell line, whereas only one protein (Raji cells, 96 kDa) was detected by in vitro translation. Open reading frame BZLF1 encoded polypeptides of 38 and 35 kDa and additional smaller forms. A BZLF1-encoded 30-kDa protein could be detected under conditions in which expression was restricted to immediate early genes. Nuclear localization could be detected under conditions in which expression was restricted to immediate early genes. Nuclear localization could be shown for the proteins derived from reading frames BZLF1 and BMLF1. BMLF1 expression gave a heterogeneous protein pattern, with molecular sizes between 45 and 70 kDa, including a predominant 60-kDa protein detected in different B-cell lines.
Aristotle's Physics: a Physicist's Look
Creators: name: Rovelli, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I show that Aristotelian physics is a correct and non-intuitive approximation of Newtonian physics in the suitable domain (motion in fluids), in the same technical sense in which Newton theory is an approximation of Einstein's theory. Aristotelian physics lasted long not because it became dogma, but because it is a very good empirically grounded theory. The observation suggests some general considerations on inter-theoretical relations.
description: 11 pages
Drag dynamics in one-dimensional Fermi systems
Creators: name: Ozaki, Jun'ichi
name: Tezuka, Masaki
name: Kawakami, Norio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study drag dynamics of several fermions in a fermion cloud in one-dimensional continuous systems, with particular emphasis on the non-trivial quantum many-body effects in systems whose parameters change gradually in real time. We adopt the Fermi--Hubbard model and the time-dependent density matrix renormalization group method to calculate the drag force on a trapped fermion cluster in a cloud of another fermion species with contact interaction. The simulation result shows that a non-trivial peak in the resistance force is observed in the high cloud density region, which implies a criterion of effective ways in diffusive transport in a fermion cloud. We compare the DMRG simulation result with a mean-field result, and it is suggested that some internal degrees of freedom have a crucial role in the excitation process when the cloud density is high. This work emphasizes the difference between the full-quantum calculation and the semiclassical calculation, which is the quantum effects, in slow dynamics of many-body systems bound in a fermion cloud.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures
St. Alasdair in lattices everywhere
Creators: Katalin Bimbó and J. Michael Dunn
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

Urquhart works in several areas of logic where he has proved important results.  Our paper outlines his topological lattice representation and attempts to relate it to other lattice representations.  We show that there are different ways to generalize Priestley's representation of distributive lattices---Urquhart's being one of them, which tries to keep prime filters (or their generalizations) in the representation.  Along the way, we also mention how semilattices and lattices figured into Urquhart's work.
Hepatitis B virus surface antigen as a reporter of promoter activity
Creators: name: Marschall, M.
name: Motz, M.
name: Leser, Ulrike
name: Schwarzmann, F.
name: Oker, B.
name: Wolf, Hans J.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Animals
subject: Cell Line
subject: Cloning, Molecular
subject: Codon
subject: Genes, Viral
subject: Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/immunology
subject: Hepatitis B virus/immunology
subject: Herpesvirus 4, Human/genetics
subject: Kinetics
subject: Lysogeny
subject: Plasmids
subject: Promoter Regions, Genetic
subject: Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid
subject: Transfection

description: The coding sequence for the hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) was used as a new reporter gene for studies on eukaryotic promoter activity and upstream regulatory sequences. The data observed in transfection assays were comparable to results obtained with conventional chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) assays, as was demonstrated using various transcriptional regulation sequences. The expression of HBsAg as a reporter protein offered some advantages: (i) In transient expression assays, a time course of promoter activity depending on variable culture conditions could be monitored over a period of time, since the HBsAg was secreted into the culture supernatant. (ii) Evaluation of HBsAg from supernatant aliquots and quantification of the corresponding promoter activities could be performed easily, using the very sensitive and readily available diagnostic HBsAg kits. (iii) In contrast to the conventional CAT assay, the cells remained available for further tests, e.g., Western blot, immunofluorescence or transcript analysis. Characteristics of several Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) promoters, depending on the virus state of EBV-positive B-cells (latency, chemical induction, lytic superinfection, trans-activation), were assayed using the HBsAg reporter system.