cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Appendix from Polaritons and excitons: Hamiltonian design for enhanced coherence
Creators: name: Scholes, Gregory D.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 30699 Physical Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: The primary questions motivating this report are: Are there ways to increase coherence and delocalization of excitation among many molecules at moderate electronic coupling strength? Coherent delocalization of excitation in disordered molecular systems is studied using numerical calculations. The results are relevant to molecular excitons, polaritons, and make connections to classical phase oscillator synchronization. In particular, it is hypothesized that it is not only the magnitude of electronic coupling relative to the standard deviation of energetic disorder that decides the limits of coherence, but that the structure of the Hamiltonian—connections between sites (or molecules) made by electronic coupling—is a significant design parameter. Inspired by synchronization phenomena in analogous systems of phase oscillators, some properties of graphs that define the structure of different Hamiltonian matrices are explored. The report focuses on eigenvalues and ensemble density matrices of various structured, random matrices. Some reasons for the special delocalization properties and robustness of polaritons in the single-excitation subspace (the star graph) are discussed. The key result of this report is that, for some classes of Hamiltonian matrix structure, coherent delocalization is not easily defeated by energy disorder, even when the electronic coupling is small compared to disorder.
Superimposed Comparative Visualization of 3D and 4D Vector Fields
Creators: name: Khan, Fahim Hasan
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Scientific Visualization
subject: Computer Graphics
subject: Vector Field Visualization
subject: Computer Science

description: Comparative visualization of multiple vector fields is frequently needed in scientific visualization to analyze static (3D) or time-varying (4D) spatial data. Efficient tools and guidelines to do this effectively are however absent. Among many available methods for comparative visualization, only superimposition or overlay techniques can display two or more data instances at the same time in the same co-registered coordinate space. As a result, while it is most effective and has many advantages, it also suffers most from occlusion and cluttering issues when working with 3D and 4D data. In this work, we present a framework for superimposed co-visualization for comparing multiple vector fields effectually from 3D and 4D data. Our framework addresses the challenges of superimposed comparative visualization in two essential ways. We propose a seeding strategy using an adaptive hierarchical grid refinement algorithm combined with importance sampling that is based on an information-theoretic probability density function that combines aspects of multiple vector fields. Furthermore, we design hybrid visual representations combining streamlines and glyphs to render the visualization in an effectively less-occluded and clutter-free way while presenting only the information necessary for comparison. Several demonstration examples are presented for validating our framework.
Accountable Javascript Code Delivery
Creators: name: Esiyok, Ilkan
name: Berrang, Pascal
name: Cohn-Gordon, Katriel
name: Künnemann, Robert
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: The Internet is a major distribution platform for web applications, but there are no effective transparency and audit mechanisms in place for the web. Due to the ephemeral nature of web applications, a client visiting a website has no guarantee that the code it receives today is the same as yesterday, or the same as other visitors receive. Despite advances in web security, it is thus challenging to audit web applications before they are rendered in the browser. We propose Accountable JS, a browser extension and opt-in protocol for accountable delivery of active content on a web page. We prototype our protocol, formally model its security properties with the TAMARIN Prover, and evaluate its compatibility and performance impact with case studies including WhatsApp Web, AdSense and Nimiq. Accountability is beginning to be deployed at scale, with Meta’s recent announcement of Code Verify available to all 2 billion WhatsApp users, but there has been little formal analysis of such protocols. We formally model Code Verify using the TAMARIN Prover and compare its properties to our Accountable JS protocol. We also compare Code Verify’s and Accountable JS extension’s performance impacts on WhatsApp Web.
Equation of state of charged colloidal suspensions and its dependence on the thermodynamic route
Creators: name: Colla, Thiago E.
name: Santos, Alexandre P. dos
name: Levin, Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermodynamic properties of highly charged colloidal suspensions in contact with a salt reservoir are investigated in the framework of the Renormalized Jellium Model (RJM). It is found that the equation of state is very sensitive to the particular thermodynamic route used to obtain it. Specifically, the osmotic pressure calculated within the RJM using the contact value theorem can be very different from the pressure calculated using the Kirkwood-Buff fluctuation relations. On the other hand, Monte Carlo (MC) simulations show that both the effective pair potentials and the correlation functions are accurately predicted by the RJM. It is suggested that the lack of self-consistency in the thermodynamics of the RJM is a result of neglected electrostatic correlations between the counterions and coions.
A Technique for In-situ Measurement of Free Spectral Range and Transverse Mode Spacing of Optical Cavities
Creators: name: Stochino, Alberto
name: Arai, Koji
name: Adhikari, Rana X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Length and g-factor are fundamental parameters that characterize optical cavities. We developed a technique to measure these parameters in-situ by determining the frequency spacing between the resonances of fundamental and spatial modes of an optical cavity. Two laser beams are injected into the cavity, and their relative frequency is scanned by a phase-lock loop, while the cavity is locked to either laser. The measurement of the amplitude of their beat note in transmission reveals the resonances of the longitudinal and the transverse modes of the cavity and their spacing. This method proves particularly useful to characterize complex optical systems, including very long and/or coupled optical cavities, as in gravitational wave interferometers. This technique and the results of its application to the coupled cavities of a 40-meter-long gravitational wave interferometer prototype are here presented.
Challenges in Forming Planets by Gravitational Instability: Disk Irradiation and Clump Migration, Accretion & Tidal Destructio
Creators: name: Zhu, Zhaohuan
name: Hartmann, Lee
name: Nelson, Richard P.
name: Gammie, Charles F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations of self-gravitating protostellar disks subject to axisymmetric infall from envelopes and irradiation from the central star, to explore disk fragmentation due to gravitational instability (GI), and the fragmented clump evolution. We assume that the disk is built gradually and smoothly by the infall, resulting in good numerical convergence. We confirm that for disks around solar-mass stars, infall at high rates at radii beyond ~50 AU leads to disk fragmentation. At lower infall rates <1e-5 Msun/yr, however, irradiation suppresses fragmentation. We find that, once formed, the fragments or clumps migrate inward on typical type-I time scales of ~2e3 yr initially, but later migration deviates from the type-I time scale when the clump becomes more massive than the local disk mass, and/or when they starts to open gaps. As they migrate, the clumps accrete from the disk at a rate 1e-3 to 1e-1 MJupiter/yr, consistent with analytic estimates that assume a 1-2 Hill radii cross section. Most clumps can grow to their isolation masses >0.1 Msun quickly. The eventual fates of these clumps, however, diverges depending on the migration speed: 3 out of 13 clumps become massive enough (brown dwarf mass) to open gaps in the disk and essentially stop migrating; 4 are tidally destroyed during inward migration; 6 migrate across the inner simulated disk boundary. A simple analytic model for clump evolution is derived to explain these different fates. Overall, our results indicate that fast migration, accretion, and tidal destruction of the clumps pose challenges to the scenario of giant planet formation by GI in situ, but may provide a formation mechanism for close binary systems.
description: 37 pages, 18 figures, Accepted by ApJ
Ranitidine shortages following international recall- implications on pre-medication regimens to prevent hypersensitivity reactions for oncology treatments.pdf
Creators: name: Walker, Andrew
name: Rudokas, Mindaugas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111503 Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111299 Oncology and Carcinogenesis not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 111204 Cancer Therapy (excl. Chemotherapy and Radiation Therapy)

description: Ranitidine has become an establish feature in pre-medication regimens intended to reduce the risk of hypersensitivity reactions to a variety of chemotherapy agents. The ongoing supply issues with ranitidine and alternative H2 antagonists has led to healthcare providers reviewing these pre-medication regimens and adopting alternative strategies to reduce the risk to patients. This article sets out to review the background to the supply issues with ranitidine, provide a brief review of the published evidence base around its inclusion as a component in pre-medication regimens, consider the potential implications to practice in terms of the management strategy options and the need for greater understanding around the its true value in reducing the risk to patients.
Probing the electronic structure of dioxygen as a ligand : using x-ray absorption spectroscopy to quantify backbonding
Creators: name: Covelli, Danielle Sarah
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: The search for more economical and environmentally friendly oxidation catalysts for organic functional group transformations is currently one of the most prevalent research areas in chemistry. The coordination and activation of dioxygen by transition metal complexes holds particular promise and has thus been thoroughly investigated. Although work has predominantly focused on synthesis of new transition metal dioxygen complexes, determining how the dioxygen ligand interacts with transition metals is also particularly critical. The nature of the M-O2 bond should have important implications on both the chemical and structural properties of the complexes. This thesis focuses on developing and exploring the spectroscopic characteristics of a series of newly reported M-O2 with highly unusual bonding. Such complexes, best described as singlet dioxygen adducts, represent a new class of metal dioxygen complexes with characteristics that are very different from typical metal-superoxo and peroxo complexes. The electronic properties of a variety of rhodium and ruthenium complexes were explored utilizing a combination of synchrotron-based X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) techniques in conjunction with Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations. To quantitatively investigate the complexes, a new fitting methodology was developed, and is described herein. For several of the rhodium dioxygen complexes, the Rh L2,3-edge data provided evidence that no formal oxidation occurred at the metal center upon dioxygen coordination. The data extracted from the experimental spectra provided the first quantitative π-backbonding information for second row transition metal complexes known thus far. Both Rh K-edge XAS and DFT results corroborate the findings from the L-edge spectra. A set of complementary ruthenium complexes, thought to have similar M-O2 binding characteristics, were studied in an analogous manner. Ultimately, this thesis provides the first example of utilizing second row transition metal L2,3-edge XAS data to experimentally determine π-backbonding. Although the research described herein focuses on π-backbonding between dioxygen and transition metals, it provides a basis for applying similar experimental strategies for investigating π-backbonding interactions in other systems of catalytic interest.
Effect of charged impurity correlation on transport in monolayer and bilayer graphene
Creators: name: Li, Qiuzi
name: Hwang, E. H.
name: Rossi, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study both monolayer and bilayer graphene transport properties taking into account the presence of correlations in the spatial distribution of charged impurities. In particular we find that the experimentally observed sublinear scaling of the graphene conductivity can be naturally explained as arising from impurity correlation effects in the Coulomb disorder, with no need to assume the presence of short-range scattering centers in addition to charged impurities. We find that also in bilayer graphene correlations among impurities induce a crossover of the scaling of the conductivity at higher carrier densities. We show that in the presence of correlation among charged impurities the conductivity depends nonlinearly on the impurity density $n_i$ and can even increase with $n_i$.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1104.0667
On the Evolution of (Hateful) Memes by Means of Multimodal Contrastive Learning
Creators: name: Qu, Yiting
name: Xinlei.He
name: Pierson, Shannon
name: Backes, Michael
name: Zhang, Yang
name: Zannettou, Savvas
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: The dissemination of hateful memes online has adverse effects on social media platforms and the real world. Detecting hateful memes is challenging, one of the reasons being the evolutionary nature of memes; new hateful memes can emerge by fusing hateful connotations with other cultural ideas or symbols. In this paper, we propose a framework that leverages multimodal contrastive learning models, in particular OpenAI’s CLIP, to identify targets of hateful content and systematically investigate the evolution of hateful memes. We find that semantic regularities exist in CLIP-generated embeddings that describe semantic relationships within the same modality (images) or across modalities (images and text). Leveraging this property, we study how hateful memes are created by combining visual elements from multiple images or fusing textual information with a hateful image. We demonstrate the capabilities of our framework for analyzing the evolution of hateful memes by focusing on antisemitic memes, particularly the Happy Merchant meme. Using our framework on a dataset extracted from 4chan, we find 3.3K variants of the Happy Merchant meme, with some linked to specific countries, persons, or organizations. We envision that our framework can be used to aid human moderators by flagging new variants of hateful memes so that moderators can manually verify them and mitigate the problem of hateful content online.
Sestrin2 facilitates death receptor-induced apoptosis in lung adenocarcinoma cells through regulation of XIAP degradation
Creators: name: Ding, Boxiao
name: Parmigiani, Anita
name: Yang, Chen
name: V Budanov, Andrei
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Apoptosis plays a critical physiological role in controlling cell number and eliminating damaged, non-functional and transformed cells. Cancerous cells as well as some types of normal cells are often resistant to cell death induced by pro-inflammatory cytokines through death receptors. This potentially allows cancer cells to evade the control from the immune system and to proceed toward a more malignant stage, although the mechanisms of this evasion are not well established. We have recently identified the stress-responsive Sestrin2 protein as a critical regulator of cell viability under stress conditions. Sestrin2 is a member of a small family of antioxidant proteins and inhibitors of mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1 (mTORC1) kinase. Down-regulation of Sestrin1/2 leads to genetic instability and accelerates the growth of lung adenocarcinoma xenografts. Here we addressed the potential role of Sestrin2 in regulation of cell death induced by TNFR1 and related Fas and TRAIL receptors in lung adenocarcinoma cells. We found that Sestrin2 silencing strongly inhibits cytokine-induced cell death through a mechanism independent of ROS and mTORC1 regulation. We determined that the X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) plays a critical role in the control of cytokine-induced cell death by Sestrin2. Thus our study defines a new, previously unrecognized role of Sestrin2 in the regulation of apoptosis.
Computing Square Colorings on Bounded-Treewidth and Planar Graphs
Creators: name: Agrawal, Akanksha
name: Marx, Dániel
name: Neuen, Daniel
name: Slusallek, Jasper
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: A {\em square coloring} of a graph $G$ is a coloring of the square $G^2$ of $G$, that is, a coloring of the vertices of $G$ such that any two vertices that are at distance at most $2$ in $G$ receive different colors. We investigate the complexity of finding a square coloring with a given number of $q$ colors. We show that the problem is polynomial-time solvable on graphs of bounded treewidth by presenting an algorithm with running time $n^{2^{\ttw + 4}+O(1)}$ for graphs of treewidth at most $\ttw$. The somewhat unusual exponent $2^\ttw$ in the running time is essentially optimal: we show that for any $\epsilon>0$, there is no algorithm with running time $f(\ttw)n^{(2-\epsilon)^\ttw}$ unless the Exponential-Time Hypothesis (ETH) fails. We also show that the square coloring problem is NP-hard on planar graphs for any fixed number $q \ge 4$ of colors. Our main algorithmic result is showing that the problem (when the number of colors $q$ is part of the input) can be solved in subexponential time $2^{O(n^{2/3}\log n)}$ on planar graphs. The result follows from the combination of two algorithms. If the number $q$ of colors is small ($\le n^{1/3}$), then we can exploit a treewidth bound on the square of the graph to solve the problem in time $2^{O(\sqrt{qn}\log n)}$. If the number of colors is large ($\ge n^{1/3}$), then an algorithm based on protrusion decompositions and building on our result for the bounded-treewidth case solves the problem in time $2^{O(n\log n/q)}$.
Path tracking control for an autonomous four rotor mini-helicopter
Creators: name: Aguilar Rosas, Erick Angel
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2007

description: Bibliography: p. 126-134
description: This work presents a path tracking methodology developed for a four rotor mini­helicopter, also called X4-flyer or quadrotor. Although previous work has successfully, to some degree, achieved trajectory tracking with similar UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Ve­hicles) moving at relatively low speeds and over short distances, the proposed method­ology described in this thesis works for vehicles moving at low and high speeds. The methodology combines linear and fuzzy control that enables the quadrotor to fly in the presence of disturbances and can be used with any pose (attitude) controller previously developed by other researchers. In this thesis, it is assumed that the path that the vehicle will follow is given by a set of waypoints provided by the user. The proposed methodology comprises an attitude, a position, and a straight-line path controller. These controllers combine classic and intelligent control schemes which enable the vehicle to move under nominal ( without disturbances) and unexpected sce­narios (with wind gusts). Classic control techniques are used for cases when the vehicle is hovering or close to its intended hovering position (e.g., close to the target position) while fuzzy logic is employed for situations where the difference between the vehicle's current position and its goal is greater than a pre-specified amount. Thus, fuzzy logic is used during the vehicle's displacement ( travel) while classic control is mainly used for hovering. So, the switching between these two control schemes is dynamic, based on the state of the vehicle. The proposed methodology has been designed for path tracking in the horizontal plane (xy) and simulated in 3D. Complex curved paths are broken into straight-line segments that represent the desired path, to certain degree, based on user require­ments, the task and the desired precision of the vehicle's motion. Straight-line and complex path simulation studies are used as proof of concept to show how the method­ology reacts to diverse scenarios and different disturbances. Simulation results are used to show the performance of the proposed methodology compared with previously developed control mechanisms.
Comment on "Physical Reality of Light-Induced Atomic States"
Creators: name: Schlagheck, P.
name: Hornberger, K.
name: Buchleitner, A.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: A Comment on the Letter by J. C. Wells, I. Simbotin, and M. Gavrila, Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 3479 (1998). The authors of the Letter offer a Reply.
Galactic star formation and accretion histories from matching galaxies to dark matter haloes
Creators: name: Moster, Benjamin P.
name: Naab, Thorsten
name: White, Simon D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new statistical method to determine the relationship between the stellar masses of galaxies and the masses of their host dark matter haloes over the entire cosmic history from z~4 to the present. This multi-epoch abundance matching (MEAM) model self-consistently takes into account that satellite galaxies first become satellites at times earlier than they are observed. We employ a redshift-dependent parameterization of the stellar-to-halo mass relation to populate haloes and subhaloes in the Millennium simulations with galaxies, requiring that the observed stellar mass functions at several redshifts be reproduced simultaneously. Using merger trees extracted from the dark matter simulations in combination with MEAM, we predict the average assembly histories of galaxies, separating into star formation within the galaxies (in-situ) and accretion of stars (ex-situ). The peak star formation efficiency decreases with redshift from 23% at z=0 to 9% at z=4 while the corresponding halo mass increases from 10^11.8M\odot to 10^12.5M\odot. The star formation rate of central galaxies peaks at a redshift which depends on halo mass; for massive haloes this peak is at early cosmic times while for low-mass galaxies the peak has not been reached yet. In haloes similar to that of the Milky-Way about half of the central stellar mass is assembled after z=0.7. In low-mass haloes, the accretion of satellites contributes little to the assembly of their central galaxies, while in massive haloes more than half of the central stellar mass is formed ex-situ with significant accretion of satellites at z<2. We find that our method implies a cosmic star formation history and an evolution of specific star formation rates which are consistent with those inferred directly. We present convenient fitting functions for stellar masses, star formation rates, and accretion rates as functions of halo mass and redshift.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures, 1 table, submitted to MNRAS
Early detection of Cryphonectria parasitica in planting material
Creators: name: Barnes, Ann
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Euphresco, plant health, diagnostics, inspections, Cryphonectria parasitica

description: Slide of the Euphresco project 2017-A-249 'Early detection of Cryphonectria parasiticain planting material'

description: Project funded through the Euphresco network
Direct Measurement of the Fermi Energy in Graphene Using a Double Layer Structure
Creators: name: Kim, Seyoung
name: Jo, Insun
name: Dillen, D. C.
name: Ferrer, D. A.
name: Fallahazad, B.
name: Yao, Z.
name: Banerjee, S. K.
name: Tutuc, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a technique which allows a direct measurement of the relative Fermi energy in an electron system using a double layer structure, where graphene is one of the two layers. We illustrate this method by probing the Fermi energy as a function of density in a graphene monolayer, at zero and in high magnetic fields. This technique allows us to determine the Fermi velocity, Landau level spacing, and Landau level broadening in graphene. We find that the N=0 Landau level broadening is larger by comparison to the broadening of upper and lower Landau levels.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
On the Malgrange isomonodromic deformations of non-resonant meromorphic (2x2)-connections
Creators: name: Bibilo, Yuliya P.
name: Gontsov, Renat R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the tau-function and theta-divisor of an isomonodromic family of linear differential (2x2)-systems with non-resonant irregular singularities. In some particular case the estimates for pole orders of the coefficient matrices of the family are applied.
description: 12 pages
Cartilha Virtual 01: Água: consumo sustentável e seus usos múltiplos - 3ª Edição
Creators: name: Malheiros, Tadeu Fabrício
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 50203 Environmental Education and Extension
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: A Cartilha virtual 01 "Água: consumo sustentável e seus usos múltiplos" é parte intergrante do material utlizado no curso, em formato à distância, EaD Água como elemento Interdisciplinar do Ensino nas Escolas, realizado pela Universidade de São Paulo, em parceria com a ANA - Agência Nacional de Água e Saneamento Básico, e a Rede PROFCIAMB - Programa de Pós Graduação Mestrado profissional em Rede nacional para o Ensino das Ciências Ambientais.
A Detailed Study of the Molecular and Atomic Gas Toward the γ-ray SNR RX J1713.7-3946: Spatial TeV γ-ray and ISM Gas Correspondence
Creators: name: Fukui, Y.
name: Sano, H.
name: Sato, J.
name: Torii, K.
name: Horachi, H.
name: Hayakawa, T.
name: McClure-Griffiths, N. M.
name: Rowell, G.
name: Inoue, T.
name: Inutsuka, S.
name: Kawamura, A.
name: Yamamoto, H.
name: Okuda, T.
name: Mizuno, N.
name: Onishi, T.
name: Mizuno, A.
name: Ogawa, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: RX J1713.7$-$3946 is the most remarkable TeV $γ$-ray SNR which emits $γ$-rays in the highest energy range. We made a new combined analysis of CO and \ion{H}{1} in the SNR and derived the total protons in the interstellar medium (ISM). We have found that the inclusion of the \ion{H}{1} gas provides a significantly better spatial match between the TeV $γ$-rays and ISM protons than the H$_2$ gas alone. In particular, the southeastern rim of the $γ$-ray shell has a counterpart only in the \ion{H}{1}. The finding shows that the ISM proton distribution is consistent with the hadronic scenario that comic ray (CR) protons react with ISM protons to produce the $γ$-rays. This provides another step forward for the hadronic origin of the $γ$-rays by offering one of the necessary conditions missing in the previous hadronic interpretations. We argue that the highly inhomogeneous distribution of the ISM protons is crucial in the origin of the $γ$-rays. Most of the neutral gas was likely swept up by the stellar wind of an OB star prior to the SNe to form a low-density cavity and a swept-up dense wall. The cavity explains the low-density site where the diffusive shock acceleration of charged particles takes place with suppressed thermal X-rays, whereas the CR protons can reach the target protons in the wall to produce the $γ$-rays. The present finding allows us to estimate the total CR proton energy to be $\sim 10^{48}$ ergs, 0.1% of the total energy of a SNe.
description: 21 pages, 20 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Data analytics for decision support in software release management
Creators: name: Didar Al Alam, S. M.
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Data analytics
subject: Decision Support
subject: Release management
subject: Computer Science

description: The dynamism and uncertainty in iterative software development demand for frequent releases with shorter duration, reduced scope, and strong stakeholder involvement. The lack of custom-built integrated support for release management in iterative releases mainly motivated this research. Key contribution of this thesis is the proposed Plan-Monitor-Improve (PMI) Framework. PMI integrates i) strategic planning of a release, ii) monitoring release readiness and iii) improving release readiness. Methodologically, this thesis is positioned at the intersection of three key concepts: i) release management ii) data analytics techniques, and iii) decision support systems. The PMI-Plan method introduces a multi-objective particle swarm optimization-based planning method to support the multi-dimensional nature of iterative releases. Maximum stakeholder incorporation is achieved in a three-stage interactive modeling. The research is triggered by industry collaborators in an NSERC CRD project and studies with a prototype tool in real world planning problems. Inspired by statistical process control approaches, the PMI-Monitor method continuously monitors release readiness. PMI-Monitor formulates release readiness prediction as a binary classification problem and solves using machine learning classifiers. The PMI-Improve method addresses release readiness by identifying key attributes to be used for decision-making. PMI-Improve also applies analogy-based reasoning for proactively identifying bottlenecks and their characteristics. The release readiness improvement factor identification is formulated as a search problem and solved using a genetic algorithm. The PMI is an integrated decision centric framework, custom built to support iterative release management. PMI integrates a portfolio of data analytics techniques (e.g. analogical reasoning, multi-objective optimization, classification, process control, interactive search) to gain better insight from the frequent release iterations and strong stakeholder involvements. PMI integrates the characteristics of iterative development and applies it towards an operational platform to make better data driven decisions. Initial empirical evaluation of PMI further supports applicability and benefits of the framework in real world iterative software development.
The Galactic Center Region Imaged by VERITAS
Creators: name: Beilicke, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Galactic Center has long been a region of interest for high-energy and very-high-energy observations. Many potential sources of GeV/TeV gamma-ray emission have been suggested, e.g., the accretion of matter onto the black hole, cosmic rays from a nearby supernova remnant, or the annihilation of dark matter particles. The Galactic Center has been detected at MeV/GeV energies by EGRET and recently by Fermi/LAT. At GeV/TeV energies, the Galactic Center was detected by different ground-based Cherenkov telescopes such as CANGAROO, Whipple 10m, H.E.S.S., and MAGIC. We present the results from 15 hrs of VERITAS observations conducted at large zenith angles, resulting in a >10 standard deviation detection and confirmation of the high-energy spectrum observed by H.E.S.S. The combined Fermi/VERITAS results are compared to astrophysical models.
description: 2011 Fermi Symposium proceedings - eConf C110509
Report on demonstration activities in the study sites (D5.2)
Creators: name: Panagea, Ioanna
name: Wyseure, Guido
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: SoilCare, Soil improving, cropping systems,

description: Demonstration activities in the study sites. The SoilCare project aims at developing soil improving cropping systems. At 16 study sites dispersed
 over Europe experiments have been implemented. These were selected in collaboration with the
 stakeholders (WP3) and based on a literature review (WP2). The methodology for monitoring the
 experiments was compiled by WP4. The results are being compiled by WP5. In addition, all study sites
 had to organize demonstration activities and field days of the selected cropping systems. The
 combined findings by the study sites are an important input for the upscaling by WP6, the policy
 analysis by WP7 and the dissemination by WP8.
 The demonstrations/field days for the stakeholders are an important tool for sharing experiences
 between the stakeholders and the researchers while inspecting and reflecting over the experiments in
 the field. A total of 31 demonstration events/field days took place in the 16 study sites over two years.
 Four out of the sixteen study sites organised three or more. Six out of the sixteen study sites organised
 two demonstration/field days and six organised one. In total, about 937 stakeholders attended the
 demonstration events. The average number of participants in the events was 30. The
 demonstration/field days are experienced by the stakeholders and researchers of the study sites as a
 very useful activity in combination with a more systematic consultation with the stakeholders.
 The specific feedback by each study site is given in a table and can be found in more detail in the
 reports by the study sites in appendix I. Several points were discussed in different degrees: the need
 for machinery, the incentives by subsidies, the selection of crops, rotations and cover crops, the
 erodibility and the soil structure/quality. Also many participants stressed the need for communication
 and information on soil improving cropping systems. A major general concern for all stakeholders was
 the economic performance of the cropping systems. Also, weed infestation and weed control
 management was also a recurring theme.
Photochemical, UV and Ozone Based Advanced Oxidation Processes for Treatment of Aqueous Contaminants
Creators: name: Somathilake, Madduma Kankanamalage Purnima Thejani
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Energy
subject: Engineering--Civil
subject: Engineering--Environmental

description: In this research, advanced oxidation processes for the degradation of certain aqueous contaminants in municipal and industrial wastewater were studied. Carbamazepine (CBZ) was selected as it is an emerging contaminant in municipal wastewater. Sulfolane and acid extractable organics (AEOs) of oil sands process water (OSPW) were selected as candidates for industrial wastewater. The studies were conducted using a variety of advanced oxidation processes including a sunlight mediated photochemical process using ferric ions. Degradation kinetics of different oxidation processes in spiked water and post-secondary treated wastewater/sulfolane contaminated groundwater/OSPW were investigated. Batch experiments as well as flow through photo-reactor experiments were conducted. Degradation of CBZ in spiked water and post-secondary treated wastewater was studied using UVC, UVA, UVC/H2O2, UVA/H2O2, UVC/TiO2, UVA/TiO2, O3, UVC/O3 and UVA/O3 in a batch photo-reactor. The optimum parameters of each process were identified and their impacts on degradation rates were investigated. Relationship between UV intensity and CBZ degradation rate was extrapolated to the performance of the UV disinfection unit of a local wastewater treatment plant in Calgary, Canada. Addition of 100 mg/L of H2O2 to the secondary treated wastewater effluent entering UV disinfection unit could achieve over 60% degradation of CBZ. The effective parameters of UVC/H2O2 process in the batch experiments were further advanced to a flow through photo-reactor for degradation of CBZ. The kinetics of degradation in the flow-through reactor were in good agreement with the relationships developed using batch photo-reactor in spiked water and post-secondary treated wastewater. Experiments on ozone and photo-assisted ozone for the treatment of CBZ have shown that photo-assisted ozonation leads to greater mineralization of CBZ in water/wastewater matrices. This study recommends that UV and ozone doses for photo-assisted ozonation applications should also consider organic constituents of water matrices along with target contaminants of interest. Finally, the feasibility of a sunlight mediated photochemical process using ferric ions for the treatment of a wide range of organic contaminants was studied. Batch experiments were conducted under natural sunlight to study the degradation of CBZ, sulfolane and AEOs of OSPW. Complete CBZ degradation and more than 60% reduction of AEOs were obtained using this process. The presence of organic matter decreased the kinetics of sulfolane degradation where 30% degradation in spiked contaminated groundwater was noted. The unique ability to degrade a wide range of contaminants from this process using only natural solar irradiation, suggest a higher application potential in wastewater treatment.
Joint Channel-Network Coding Strategies for Networks with Low Complexity Relays
Creators: name: Johnson, Sarah J.
name: Ong, Lawrence
name: Kellett, Christopher M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate joint network and channel coding schemes for networks when relay nodes are not capable of performing channel coding operations. Rather, channel encoding is performed at the source node while channel decoding is done only at the destination nodes. We examine three different decoding strategies: independent network-then-channel decoding, serial network and channel decoding, and joint network and channel decoding. Furthermore, we describe how to implement such joint network and channel decoding using iteratively decodable error correction codes. Using simple networks as a model, we derive achievable rate regions and use simulations to demonstrate the effectiveness of the three decoders.
description: accepted and to appear in European Transactions on Telecommunications
„Zanadto wyrazisty i sztandarowy”. Michał Łempicki (1856-1930)
Creators: name: Chmielewska, Gizela
Publisher: name: Kronika Bydgoska
Year: 2019

description: Michał Łempicki (1856-1930), of the coat of arms of Junosza, was the son of Michał and Marianna nee Łempicki. He was a mining engineer, entrepreneur, politician, publicist, sports activist, and generous benefactor. For him, Bydgoszcz was supposed to be a quiet oasis after years of hard work, becoming another place, in which he generously shared his experience and great heart. He graduated from the Mining Academy of Petersburg. He made the natural resources and geological maps of the Dąbrowa Basin. Director of the “Hrabia Renard” Coalmine, Starachowice Works, owner of the “M. Łempicki and Company Drilling Office and Mining Works” in Sosnowiec, a member of the Russian State Duma from Piotrków Governorate in 1912-1915, and a member of the Provisional Council of State established in 1916. In the beginning of the 1920s he purchased a villa in Bydgoszcz on 2 Chopina Street (since 1931, no. 6), where he moved in after his retirement with his wife Józefa nee Bierzyński. He cooperated with the daily “Dziennik Bydgoski,” writing about political, economic and social affairs. His house on Chopina Street was filled with paintings, made by his sister Leokadia Łempicka. According to the last will of Łempicki and his wife, these artworks after their death were moved to the Municipal Museum of Bydgoszcz. Michał Łempicki died on December 29, 1930. He was buried in the Nowofarny Cemetery of Bydgoszcz. Three months later he was joined in his final resting place by his wife. The Łempicki tombstone was disposed of in the 1980s.
description: Kronika Bydgoska, Tom 40 (2019): Kronika Bydgoska
A new photoelectron/photoion spectrometer for the characterisation of molecules and clusters using XUV and UV radiation
Creators: name: Forysinski, Piotr Wojciech
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: A new photoelectron/photoion spectrometer with a light source tuneable from 17.9 eV to 1.5 eV (bandwidth ≲ 0.7 cm⁻¹) for the characterisation of molecules, clusters and ultrafine aerosol particles is described. The first vibrationally resolved PFI-ZEKE (pulsed field ionisation-zero kinetic energy) photoelectron spectra of acetic acid and difluoromethane are presented, which in the case of acetic acid leads to a revision of earlier values for the adiabatic ionisation energy. For the difluoromethane cation a long-standing mystery regarding its vibrational progression previously observed in low resolution photoelectron spectra is unravelled, and the vibrationally resolved PFI-ZEKE photoelectron spectrum is assigned based on full dimensional anharmonic calculations. A sodium oven was incorporated into the spectrometer to dope clusters and ultrafine aerosol particles with a single atom of sodium. Doped species are subsequently ionised with a single UV (ultraviolet) photon. The composition of the molecular beam can be assessed independently using XUV (extreme ultraviolet) radiation. The results of comparing these two techniques for the first time on the case study of small acetic acid clusters are presented. Fragmentation processes which occur following sodium capture and subsequent photoionisation are strongly dependent on the particular cluster. For the small acetic acid clusters studied (n ≤ 8) the total number of monomer units which evaporate from the sodium doped cluster is determined to be ≲ 4. This amount of evaporation is insignificant for larger clusters and ultrafine aerosol particles. An almost “fragmentation free” particle sizer for volatile ultrafine aerosol particles is thus proposed based on the sodium doping technique. As a first step towards this goal it is shown that the sodium doping technique can indeed be applied to ultrafine aerosol particles. On the examples of large clusters of acetic acid and dimethyl ether, the technique is demonstrated to preserve the size and chemical composition of the clusters. This is in contrast to other ionisation techniques such as XUV ionisation, for which substantial cluster fragmentation is observed.
Distributed Maximal Matching and Maximal Independent Set on Hypergraphs
Creators: name: Balliu, Alkida
name: Brandt, Sebastian
name: Kuhn, Fabian
name: Olivetti, Dennis
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: We investigate the distributed complexity of maximal matching and maximal independent set (MIS) in hypergraphs in the LOCAL model. A maximal matching of a hypergraph H=(V_H,E_H) is a maximal disjoint set M ⊆ E_H of hyperedges and an MIS S ⊆ V_H is a maximal set of nodes such that no hyperedge is fully contained in S. Both problems can be solved by a simple sequential greedy algorithm, which can be implemented naively in O(∆r + log* n) rounds, where ∆ is the maximum degree, r is the rank, and n is the number of nodes of the hypergraph. We show that for maximal matching, this naive algorithm is optimal in the following sense. Any deterministic algorithm for solving the problem requires Ω(min{∆r, log_{∆r} n}) rounds, and any randomized one requires Ω(min{∆r, log_{∆r} log n}) rounds. Hence, for any algorithm with a complexity of the form O(f(∆,r) + g(n)), we have f(∆,r) ∈ Ω(∆r) if g(n) is not too large, and in particular if g(n) = log* n (which is the optimal asymptotic dependency on n due to Linial's lower bound [FOCS'87]). Our lower bound proof is based on the round elimination framework, and its structure is inspired by a new round elimination fixed point that we give for the ∆-vertex coloring problem in hypergraphs, where nodes need to be colored such that there are no monochromatic hyperedges. For the MIS problem on hypergraphs, we show that for ∆ ≪ r, there are significant improvements over the naive O(∆r + log* n)-round algorithm. We give two deterministic algorithms for the problem. We show that a hypergraph MIS can be computed in O(∆^2 · log r + ∆ · log r · log* r + log* n) rounds. We further show that at the cost of a much worse dependency on ∆, the dependency on r can be removed almost entirely, by giving an algorithm with round complexity ∆^{O(∆)} · log* r + O(log* n).
title: Вейвлет-подобная архитектура комплекснозначной сверточной нейронной сети для синтеза комплексных сигналов
title: Wavelet-Like Architecture of Complex-valued Convolutional Neural Network for Complex Signal Synthesis
Creators: name: Караваев, Дмитрий Александрович
Publisher: name: Издательский центр СурГУ
Year: 2020

description: В работе предложена архитектура комплекснозначной сверточной нейронной сети, разработанная на основе структуры дискретного вейвлет-преобразования. Данная архитектура позволяет производить многоуровневую декомпозицию комплексного сигнала, формируя набор признаков, который можно применять для задач синтеза и классификации сигналов. Приведены результаты решения задачи предсказания значений хаотического комплексного сигнала нейронной сетью, основанные на предлагаемой архитектуре. Полученные результаты сравниваются с результатами решения данной задачи при помощи вещественнозначных нейросетевых моделей, основанными на альтернативных современных подходах. Также про-веден анализ представленной комплекснозначной сверточной сети в частотной области, осуществленный за счет сравнительно небольшого числа адаптивных параметров.
description: The paper proposes the architecture of a complex-valued convolutional neural network, built upon a structure of the discrete wavelet transform. This architecture allows performing multiscale decomposition of a complex signal, thus forming a set of features that can be used for the tasks of signal synthesis and classification. The article presents the results of solving the prediction problem for the values of a chaotic complex signal by a neural network based on the proposed architecture. The obtained results are compared with the results of solving this problem using real-valued neural networks based on alternative modern approaches. The analysis of the presented complex-valued convolutional network in the frequency domain is also carried out, which was achieved due to a relatively small number of adaptive parameters.