cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
When system demands meet site realities in high-stakes literacy testing :aA Tasmanian education case study
Creators: name: Johnson, LM
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Literacy testing is regarded as high and ever-increasing stakes, in Australia and beyond. The value and validity of testing and the tests themselves, uses made of test data and pressures to improve scores represent conflict for teachers. This topic has immediate significance for Tasmanian schools engaged in testing programmes, and for the wider education systems in Australia and internationally. This research examines these issues in this contested field with a focus on the lived experience of those most closely involved. This thesis explores the discursive tensions and conflicts within secondary teachers' experiences of standardised literacy testing in Tasmania. The research was conducted through a case study of one secondary-level State school in Tasmania involved with government mandated standardised literacy tests. Testing sessions were observed and interviews conducted during one round of testing. Two research questions focus the analysis on teacher perceptions and test administration in the classroom site. Through a combined constructivist grounded theory (Charmaz, 2000, 2001, 2005, 2006; Charmaz & Mitchell, 2002) and discourse analysis (Carabine, 2001; Fairclough, 2001; Taylor, 2001a, 2001b) approach, emergent patterns and themes are examined. This analytic approach enabled the identification of dominant discourses (Gee, 1998, 2003, 2005, 2011), discursive tension and conflict. Of particular importance in this study are the various teacher perspectives on their roles as test administrators. Participants' words and voices are studied to examine the ways that teacher perspectives affect their administration of the tests, and how their perceptions of standardised testing can become transmitted to students through teacher language and behaviours. The recognition of often-competing demands within the education system and school sites (Freebody & Wyatt-Smith, 2004) is highly relevant to this research, given that standardised literacy testing happens at the intersection where system demands meet site realities. This research notes the discursive tension and conflict resultant of system-site (dis)connectivity. The research project contributes a critical understanding of standardised literacy test administration, necessary for deeper and more nuanced understanding of what is valued and devalued through such testing, and how school test actors respond to competing test demands. This research recognises the ways that system pressure for educational testing uniformity affects teachers, students and the wider school setting. Discursive tensions have implications for test administration and school management, within and beyond the Australian education context. The research identifies a number of such implications as findings, and makes considered recommendations for future research, policy and test design, and professional practice.
Current Status and Potential of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccines
Creators: name: Brown, Fred
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1992

description: Knowledge of the structure of the virus at the molecular level has provided us with the opportunity to identify those regions of the particle which elicit a protective immune response. These regions can be synthesized chemically or biochemically, thus avoiding the use of the infectious virus particle and consequently any chance of causing infection. Moreover, an understanding of the structural basis for antigenic variation is being reached which should enable us to design more efficient vaccines.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1992: Volume 1
Nanotrimer enhanced optical fiber tips implemented by electron beam lithography
Creators: name: Wang, Ning
name: Zeisberger, Matthias
name: Hübner, Uwe
name: Schmidt, Markus A.
Publisher: name: Washington D.C. : Optical Society of America
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: plasmonics
subject: nanostructures
subject: nanolithography
subject: 620

description: Here we present a novel fabrication approach that allows for the implementation of sophisticated planar nanostructures with deep subwavelength dimensions on fiber end faces by electron beam lithography. Specifically, we planarize the end faces of fiber bundles such that they are compatible with planar nanostructuring technology, with the result that fibers can be treated in the same way as typical wafers, opening up the entire field of nanotechnology for fiber optics. To demonstrate our approach, we have implemented densely-packed arrays of gold nanotrimers on the end face of 50 cm long standard single mode fibers, showing asymmetrical resonance lineshapes that arise due to the interplay of diffractive coupling of the individual timer response at infrared wavelengths that overlap with the single mode regime of typical telecommunication fibers. Refractive index sensing experiments suggest sensitivities of about 390 nm/RIU, representing the state-of-the-art for such a device type. Due to its unique capability of making optical fibers compatible with planar nanostructuring technology, we anticipate our approach to be applied in numerous fields including bioanalytics, telecommunications, nonlinear photonics, optical trapping and beam shaping.
Asymptotic Euler-Maclaurin formula over lattice polytopes
Creators: name: Tate, Tatsuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52B20, 14M25

description: An asymptotic expansion formula of Riemann sums over lattice polytopes is given. The formula is an asymptotic form of the local Euler-Maclaurin formula due to Berline-Vergne. The proof given here for Delzant lattice polytopes is independent of the local Euler-Maclaurin formula. But we use it for general lattice polytopes. As corollaries, an explicit formula for each term in the expansion over Delzant polytopes in two dimension and an explicit formula for the third term of the expansion for Delzant polytopes in arbitrary dimension are given. Moreover, some uniqueness results are given.
description: 35 pages. Results in the previous version are generalized to lattice polytopes. Some further results are added. The title is changed. The organization is changed to clarify the discussion.
Circumcision in Australia : reforming the law
Creators: name: Marshall, WE
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The thesis considers the application of Australian law to male circumcision and recommends law reform to improve its regulation. There are no specific laws that regulate the practice in Australia. Very few clear answers present themselves when the general law is applied to circumcision. The law suffers from inaccessibility, uncertainty, jurisdictional inconsistency, and problems with enforceability in its application to circumcision. It is also unable to respond in a timely and effective manner to problematic developments, and has not significantly assisted in fostering improved health and ethical standards for circumcisers. The thesis discusses the application of criminal law, family law, private law and human rights to the practice of circumcision. It also discusses the legislation in foreign jurisdictions which specifically addresses male circumcision. The thesis adopts the analytical perspective of an implementation minded law reformer. This perspective is used to inform the critical analysis of the law and the law reform recommendations proposed. The perspective is pluralistic and concerned with formulating reforms that are designed for ready implementation. The thesis recommends the enactment of a federal Circumcision Act, or mirror State and Territory Circumcision Acts. This legislation should establish a circumcision regulatory, monitoring and licensing body within the jurisdiction it operates in. The Act (or Acts) recommended distinguish between circumcision performed with patient consent, and circumcision performed upon incapable minors with parental consent. The thesis recommends, subject to specific exemptions, the prohibition of circumcision performed on incapable minors. The thesis also details law reform to improve the health and ethical standards of circumcisers in Australia.
Automation-driven transformation of road infrastructure: a multi-perspective case study
Creators: name: Reichenbach, Max
name: Engel, Barbara
name: Fleischer, Torsten
name: Hartmann, Martin
name: Kagerbauer, Martin
name: Rogge, Nikolas
name: Schippl, Jens
name: Szimba, Eckhard
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2021

description: Automated driving is widely assumed to play a major role in future mobility. In this paper, we focus on “high driving automation” (SAE level 4) and analyze potentials in terms of more efficient traffic flows, travel times, and user benefits as well as potential impacts on urban neighborhoods and potentials for sustainable urban development. Along selected use cases of automated vehicles in the region of Karlsruhe, Germany, we show that at least moderate user benefits can be expected from travel time savings, with the extent depending on the defined operational design domain of the vehicles and the routes taken. With regard to residential development of urban neighborhoods, there are opportunities for repurposing public space. However, these are limited and require parallel regulatory measures to become effective.
The Efficacy of Danofloxacin in the Therapy of Acute Bacterial Pneumonia in Housed Beef Cattle
Creators: name: Tolling, S. T.
name: Barthel, H.
name: Giles, C. J.
name: Isla, M.
name: Mencarelli, A.
name: Thomasson, C.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1992

description: Danofloxacin* is an antimicrobial of the fluoroquinolone class, and has shown potent in vitro activity against the major bacterial pathogens involved in respiratory disease, Pasteurella haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida(1). Pharmacokinetic studies with danofloxacin in cattle have demonstrated an attractive profile. The drug is rapidly absorbed and distributed to respiratory tract tissues and secretions following intramuscular or subcutaneous administration ( 2, 3) . This paper summarizes the results of 11 studies in beef cattle conducted in Europe. The efficacy of danofloxacin against naturally occurring outbreaks of acute pneumonia was evaluated in comparison with oxytetracycline and trimethoprim/sulpha. Spanish and French summaries on PDF.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1992: Volume 1
Mesotheliosis in Cattle
Creators: name: Stöber, M.
name: Stockhofe-Zurwieden, N.
name: Pohlenz, J.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1992

description: Based upon pertinent veterinary literature and 16 own observations, the authors give a survey on definition, supposed cause, occurrence, distribution, macro- and microscopic lesions, clinical signs, differential diagnosis, and assessment of bovine mesotheliosis, a tumourous disease apparently getting more frequent in recent years. Summary in German and French on PDF.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1992: Volume 1
Additional file 3 of Receptor tyrosine kinase C-kit promotes a destructive phenotype of FLS in osteoarthritis via intracellular EMT signaling
Creators: name: Cao, Xu
name: Wu, Song
name: Wang, Xinxing
name: Huang, Junjie
name: Zhang, Wenxiu
name: Liang, Chi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 3
Non-adiabatic dark fluid cosmology
Creators: name: Hipolito-Ricaldi, W. S.
name: Velten, H. E. S.
name: Zimdahl, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We model the dark sector of the cosmic substratum by a viscous fluid with an equation of state $p=-ζΘ$, where $Θ$ is the fluid-expansion scalar and $ζ$ is the coefficient of bulk viscosity for which we assume a dependence $ζ\propto ρ^ν$ on the energy density $ρ$. The homogeneous and isotropic background dynamics coincides with that of a generalized Chaplygin gas with equation of state $p = - A/ρ^α$. The perturbation dynamics of the viscous model, however, is intrinsically non-adiabatic and qualitatively different from the Chaplygin-gas case. In particular, it avoids short-scale instabilities and/or oscillations which apparently have ruled out unified models of the Chaplygin-gas type. We calculate the matter power spectrum and demonstrate that the non-adiabatic model is compatible with the data from the 2dFGRS and the SDSS surveys. A $χ^{2}$-analysis shows, that for certain parameter combinations the viscous-dark-fluid (VDF) model is well competitive with the $Λ$CDM model. These results indicate that \textit{non-adiabatic} unified models can be seen as potential contenders for a General-Relativity-based description of the cosmic substratum.
description: 25 pages, 9 figures, comments and references added, accepted by JCAP
Pharmacokinetics of Danofloxacin in Pneumonic Cattle
Creators: name: Apley, Michael D.
name: Upson, Dan
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1992

description: Two-hundred and two head of cross-bred steers and bulls were purchased in southwest Texas and shipped by truck approximately 13 hours to the study site in Manhattan, Kansas. The majority of the calves were freshly weaned and originated from numerous production units. No biologicals or pharmaceuticals were administered prior to or after shipping. Specific clinical criteria were used to select calves with acute respiratory disease. The first 36 calves to meet clinical criteria were injected intramuscularly with danofloxacin* at a dose of 1.25 mg/kg and then sacrificed at one of 6 post-injection sample times. Two cranial-ventral and two caudal-dorsal tissue samples from each lung, as well as a plasma sample, were analyzed for danofloxacin concentration. The presence of bronchopneumonia was confirmed grossly, microbiologically, and histopathologically. A computer generated line of best fit indicated the maximum cranial-ventral pneumonic lung tissue concentration of 1.17 μg/g occurred 1.8 hours after injection. Mean elimination halftime for pneumonic lung tissue was 5.2 hours. A trend towards slightly decreased danofloxacin concentrations in the pneumonic cranial-ventral lung samples, as compared to grossly normal caudal-dorsal lung tissue, was considered clinically insignificant. Spanish and French abstracts on PDF
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1992: Volume 1
One-Loop Calculations and Detailed Analysis of the Localized Non-Commutative 1/p**2 U(1) Gauge Model
Creators: name: Blaschke, Daniel N.
name: Rofner, Arnold
name: Sedmik, Rene I. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper carries forward a series of articles describing our enterprise to construct a gauge equivalent for the $θ$-deformed non-commutative $p^{-2}$ model originally introduced by Gurau et al. arXiv:0802.0791. It is shown that breaking terms of the form used by Vilar et al. arXiv:0902.2956 and ourselves arXiv:0901.1681 to localize the BRST covariant operator $(D^2θ^2D^2)^{-1}$ lead to difficulties concerning renormalization. The reason is that this dimensionless operator is invariant with respect to any symmetry of the model, and can be inserted to arbitrary power. In the present article we discuss explicit one-loop calculations, and analyze the mechanism the mentioned problems originate from.
description: v2: minor corrections and references added; v3: published version
Introduction to middle convolution for differential equations with irregular singularities
Creators: name: Takemura, Kouichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce middle convolution for systems of linear differential equations with irregular singular points, and we presend a tentative definition of the index of rigidity for them. Under some assumption, we show a list of terminal patterns of irreducible systems of linear differential equations by iterated application of middle convolution when the index is positive or zero.
description: 24 pages
Bekämpfung der BHV-1- Infektionen des Rindes aus staatlicher Sicht
Creators: name: Bätza, H. -J.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1992

description: Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) - infectious pustular vulvovaginitis (IPV) is an infection with bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV1 ). Main organs in which the serologically and immunologically identical but biologically different virus strains become manifest are the respiratory tract (IBR) and the genital tract (IPV) (in bulls infectious balanoposthitis - IBP). One particular feature of this infectious disease is that infected animals, as a rule, carry the virus for the rest of their life. As a venereal disease transmitted by mating IPV/IBP is subject to government control measures if breeding results are affected in a negative way or if there is concern about the disease having spread; IBR is not covered by any government control system as the criteria for general government control do not apply to this virus disease. It is possible for producers to protect themselves from economic losses through vaccination; this is also true of long-distance transport of cattle from stocks which are under suspicion. Studies available hitherto from the Federal Republic of Germany have shown that - with regional variations - there is a high percentage of herds that are serologically free from BHV1 antibodies. Under these conditions it seemed helpful to issue guidelines for the protection of free cattle breeding herds as well as for the sanitation of infected ones on a voluntary basis (for example certain herds, regions or breeding associations). These recommendations lay down the conditions under which - a cattle herd is to be considered as unsuspected of BHV1 - this status can be maintained and - a herd can be freed from the disease by means of reactor removal or vaccination. For certification of unsuspected herds the guidelines recommend blood or milk testing. Full article in German, English and French abstracts on PDF.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1992: Volume 1
Evaluation of an Experimental Vaccine for Control of Bovine Penumonia Induced by Pasteurella Haemolytica
Creators: name: Newsham, R.
name: Kaufman, T.
name: Dayalu, K.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1992

description: Among the members of the HAP group (Haemophilus, Actinobacillus, and Pasteurella) are bacteria of considerable importance in veterinary medicine. These, over the years, have caused considerable economic losses in cattle and swine herds. The pathogenic peculiarities in these bacteria require investigators to look beyond killed whole cell vaccines for the induction of the immune response. Compounding all of this is the fact that in many instances a strong immune response is not necessarily synonymous with protection. P. haemolytica Type A-1, a conditional pathogen and normal inhabitant of the nasal cavity of clinically normal cattle, is the most frequent isolate from acute pneumonic pasteurellosis in cattle. Lesions formed by P. haemolytica are characterized by necrosis, vascular damage, fibrin exudation, numerous viable bacteria and variable leukocyte infiltrations. Virulence factors produced by P. haemolytica include; a) leukotoxin (LKT) , a potent exotoxin which affects ruminant leukocyte populations; b) capsule, which inhibits complement mediated serum killing; c) lipopolysaccharide, which alters neutrophil function and stimulates leukocyte adherence; and d) fimbriae, which enhances adherence of the bacteria to the upper respiratory mucosa. Increasing knowledge of the growth conditions conducive to expression of virulence factors should help in the development of efficacious vaccines. A vaccine has been developed which contains many of the virulence factors described above. This vaccine has been tested in a single dose regimen in many vaccination/artificial challenge experiments and has proven to be efficacious and safe. Experiments detailed in this manuscript are representative of results obtained for similar tests during the development of this vaccine.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1992: Volume 1
Anomalous U(1) Models in Four and Five Dimensions and their Anomaly Poles
Creators: name: Armillis, Roberta
name: Coriano, Claudio
name: Rose, Luigi Delle
name: Guzzi, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the role played by anomaly poles in an anomalous gauge theory by discussing their signature in the corresponding off-shell effective action. The origin of these contributions, in the most general kinematical case, is elucidated by performing a complete analysis of the anomaly vertex at perturbative level. We use two independent (but equivalent) representations: the Rosenberg representation and the longitudinal/transverse (L/T) parameterization, used in recent studies of $g-2$ of the muon and in the proof of non-renormalization theorems of the anomaly vertex. The poles extracted from the L/T parameterization do not couple in the infrared for generic anomalous vertices, as in Rosenberg, but we show that they are responsible for the violations of unitarity in the UV region, using a class of pole-dominated amplitudes. We conclude that consistent formulations of anomalous models require necessarily the cancellation of these polar contributions. Establishing the UV significance of these terms provides a natural bridge between the anomalous effective action and its completion by a nonlocal theory. Some additional difficulties with unitarity of the mechanism of inflow in extra dimensional models with an anomalous theory on the brane, due to the presence of anomaly poles, are also pointed out.
description: Revised final version, to appear on JHEP
Airy processes with wanderers and new universality classes
Creators: name: Adler, Mark
name: Ferrari, Patrik L.
name: van Moerbeke, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Consider $n+m$ nonintersecting Brownian bridges, with $n$ of them leaving from 0 at time $t=-1$ and returning to 0 at time $t=1$, while the $m$ remaining ones (wanderers) go from $m$ points $a_i$ to $m$ points $b_i$. First, we keep $m$ fixed and we scale $a_i,b_i$ appropriately with $n$. In the large-$n$ limit, we obtain a new Airy process with wanderers, in the neighborhood of $\sqrt{2n}$, the approximate location of the rightmost particle in the absence of wanderers. This new process is governed by an Airy-type kernel, with a rational perturbation. Letting the number $m$ of wanderers tend to infinity as well, leads to two Pearcey processes about two cusps, a closing and an opening cusp, the location of the tips being related by an elliptic curve. Upon tuning the starting and target points, one can let the two tips of the cusps grow very close; this leads to a new process, which might be governed by a kernel, represented as a double integral involving the exponential of a quintic polynomial in the integration variables.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/09-AOP493 the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
The abundance spread in the Bootes I dwarf spheroidal galaxy
Creators: name: Norris, John E.
name: Gilmore, Gerard
name: Wyse, Rosemary F. G.
name: Wilkinson, Mark I.
name: Belokurov, V.
name: Evans, N. Wyn
name: Zucker, Daniel B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present medium-resolution spectra of 16 radial velocity red-giant members of the low-luminosity Bootes I dwarf spheroidal (dSph) galaxy, that have sufficient S/N for abundance determination, based on the strength of the Ca II K line. Assuming [Ca/Fe] ~ +0.3, the abundance range in the sample is Delta [Fe/H] ~ 1.7 dex, with one star having [Fe/H] = -3.4. The dispersion is sigma([Fe/H]) = 0.45 +/- 0.08 -- similar to those of the Galaxy's more luminous dSph systems and Omega Centauri. This suggests that the large mass (greater than approximately 10 million solar masses) normally assumed to foster self-enrichment and the production of chemical abundance spreads was provided by the non-baryonic material in Bootes I.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures. Published in the Astrophysical Journal Letters. An erratum is in press and included here as an Appendix (none of the analysis or conclusions is affected)
A geometric construction of panel-regular lattices in buildings of types ~A_2 and ~C_2
Creators: name: Essert, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20E42, 20F65

description: Using Singer polygons, we construct locally finite affine buildings of types ~A_2 and ~C_2 which admit uniform lattices acting regularly on panels. This construction produces very explicit descriptions of these buildings as well as very short presentations of the lattices. All but one of the ~C_2-buildings are necessarily exotic. To the knowledge of the author, these are the first presentations of lattices in buildings of type ~C_2. Integral and rational group homology for the lattices is also calculated.
description: 42 pages, small corrections and cleanup. Results are unchanged.
Role of the self-interaction error in studying chemisorption on graphene from first-principles
Creators: name: Casolo, Simone
name: Flage-Larsen, Espen
name: Løvvik, Ole Martin
name: Darling, George R.
name: Tantardini, Gian Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Adsorption of gaseous species, and in particular of hydrogen atoms, on graphene is an important process for the chemistry of this material. At the equilibrium geometry, the H atom is covalently bonded to a carbon that puckers out from the surface plane. Nevertheless the \emph{flat} graphene geometry becomes important when considering the full sticking dynamics. Here we show how GGA-DFT predicts a wrong spin state for this geometry, namely $S_z$=0 for a single H atom on graphene. We show how this is caused by the self-interaction error since the system shows fractional electron occupations in the two bands closest to the Fermi energy. It is demonstrated how the use of hybrid functionals or the GGA+$U$ method an be used to retrieve the correct spin solution although the latter gives an incorrect potential energy curve.
The Effectiveness of an Inactivated Combined IBR/IPV Vaccine for Sanitization of a BHV 1 Infected Dairy Herd
Creators: name: Menzel, A.
name: Herbst, W.
name: Danner, K.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1992

description: Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, pustular vulvovaginitis caused by the bovid herpesvirus type 1 (BHV 1) is a contagious, febrile disease of cattle which is associated with respiratory disease, fertility disorders, abortions and, rarely, encephalitis (8). The disease occurs worldwide and, as is commonly observed with other herpesviruses, BHV 1 frequently induces latent infections after natural exposure or vaccination with live virus vaccines (8). In many countries coordinated sanitization programs are therefore being employed. The basics of combatting IBR/IPV viral infections of cattle in Germany are culling or vaccination of seropositive animals with an attenuated and/or inactivated vaccine (7). Herds with a high seroprevalence rate are preferably vaccinated with an attenuated vaccine, whereas by low seroprevalence rates individual animals are either culled or an inactivated vaccine is used (7). Because of the lifelong latent infections after application of live vaccines (3, 5, 8) a long term investigation was geared to the question of whether an inactivated combined IBR/ IPV vaccine could reduce or prevent new infections in a dairy herd with a high seroprevalence rate for BHV 1.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1992: Volume 1
Additional file 2 of The effect of ultrasound-guided intercostal nerve block on postoperative analgesia in thoracoscopic surgery: a randomized, double-blinded, clinical trial
Creators: name: Li, Shuo
name: Feng, Jinteng
name: Fan, Kun
name: Fan, Xiaoe
name: Cao, Shaoning
name: Zhang, Guangjian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional File 1: Statement
Germination issues in the cultivation of Echinacea angustifolia in Tasmania
Creators: name: Cover, SL
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Echinacea angustifolia is a sought after medicinal herb originating from the Prairies of North America, however efforts to grow the species commercially have been hampered by seed dormancy. Seed pre-treatments had been successful in vitro but translation to field situations had been met with varying degrees of success. Pretreatment of seeds also carried a risk of loss because of reduced viability over the time involved with pretreatment. This study investigated the most commonly used seed pretreatments and their effects on germination of E. angustifolia under laboratory, glasshouse and field conditions. It also investigated whether the manipulation of temperature and time would reduce the pretreatment period. The field experiment examined variation in sowing times and hence the use of natural climatic conditions to eliminate the need for chemical, or other, pretreatments. Stratification or moist chilling is the most widely used method of seed pretreatment for overcoming dormancy in E. angustifolia. Six weeks of stratification in water at 4 oC increased the germination percentage of a dormant seedlot from 34% to 72%. A further improvement to 82% was obtained with stratification for two weeks in 10-3 M ethephon (2-chloroethylphosphonic acid). These pretreatments were also effective in a seedlot with low primary dormancy improving germination from 73% to 95%. In other experiments, ethephon was effective after only six to seventy-two hours at temperatures ranging from 4 oC to 25 oC. This suggested that seeds can be soaked in 10-3 M ethephon at ambient temperature for six hours on the day of sowing, therefore eliminating stratification for longer periods with associated risks. Ethephon pretreated plants, however, appeared to have slightly reduced growth under glasshouse conditions. The effectiveness of seed pretreatment was countered by other conditions in both the glasshouse and in the field. Seeds in a glasshouse trial appeared to have entered to a secondary dormancy state with 14-50% less germination than the laboratory results. These results were reflected in the field which had 33-51% less emergence. Temperature and water potential were the most likely causes of secondary dormancy. Results from experiments indicated that at 25 oC, germination and viability of seeds were affected when the water potential was -0.75 MPa or higher. This has implications in irrigation management during the early stages after spring sowings. The field experiments demonstrated the effectiveness of dormancy loss through natural field conditions of untreated seeds for the winter month of July (southern hemisphere) when there were three months of soil temperatures below 10 oC. However, spring sowings required seed pretreatments to achieve reasonable field emergence. The results are discussed in terms of practical management of this species as a commercial crop in Tasmania.
Viral Infections and Respiratory Disease in Dairy-Bred Calves
Creators: name: Caldow, G. L.
name: Edwards, S.
name: Peters, A. R.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1992

description: After salmonellosis respiratory disease probably remains the most important condition of market purchased dairy bred calves. Treatment rates for respiratory disease have been found to exceed 30% during the first three months of the rearing phase (1) and this disease is therefore responsible for significant losses in terms of animal performance, veterinary costs and labour irrespective of the implications for the welfare of the young calf. The association between respiratory virus infection and clinical respiratory disease has been demonstrated in weaned beef calves and in home reared dairy calves, but in calves less than three months of age there was little evidence of viral involvement (2 and 3). However disease monitoring on one calf rearing unit led to the observation that despite good response to antibiotic therapy, the outbreaks of sudden onset high morbidity respiratory disease seen in calves less than three months of age, had a possible viral aetiology. To explore this further the following study was carried out.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1992: Volume 1
Role of Graphene in Constructing Multilayer Plasmonic SERS Substrate with Graphene/AgNPs as Chemical Mechanism - Electromagnetic Mechanism Unit
Creators: name: Liu, Lu
name: Hou, Shuting
name: Zhao, Xiaofei
name: Liu, Chundong
name: Li, Zhen
name: Li, Chonghui
name: Xu, Shicai
name: Wang, Guilin
name: Yu, Jing
name: Zhang, Chao
name: Man, Baoyuan
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: graphene
subject: Ag nanoparticles
subject: multi-layer
subject: SERS
subject: 620

description: Graphene–metal substrates have received widespread attention due to their superior surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) performance. The strong coupling between graphene and metal particles can greatly improve the SERS performance and thus broaden the application fields. The way in which to make full use of the synergistic effect of the hybrid is still a key issue to improve SERS activity and stability. Here, we used graphene as a chemical mechanism (CM) layer and Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) as an electromagnetic mechanism (EM) layer, forming a CM–EM unit and constructing a multi-layer hybrid structure as a SERS substrate. The improved SERS performance of the multilayer nanostructure was investigated experimentally and in theory. We demonstrated that the Raman enhancement effect increased as the number of CM–EM units increased, remaining nearly unchanged when the CM–EM unit was more than four. The limit of detection was down to 10−14 M for rhodamine 6G (R6G) and 10−12 M for crystal violet (CV), which confirmed the ultrahigh sensitivity of the multilayer SERS substrate. Furthermore, we investigated the reproducibility and thermal stability of the proposed multilayer SERS substrate. On the basis of these promising results, the development of new materials and novel methods for high performance sensing and biosensing applications will be promoted.
LS-CS-residual (LS-CS): Compressive Sensing on Least Squares Residual
Creators: name: Vaswani, Namrata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the problem of recursively and causally reconstructing time sequences of sparse signals (with unknown and time-varying sparsity patterns) from a limited number of noisy linear measurements. The sparsity pattern is assumed to change slowly with time. The idea of our proposed solution, LS-CS-residual (LS-CS), is to replace compressed sensing (CS) on the observation by CS on the least squares (LS) residual computed using the previous estimate of the support. We bound CS-residual error and show that when the number of available measurements is small, the bound is much smaller than that on CS error if the sparsity pattern changes slowly enough. We also obtain conditions for "stability" of LS-CS over time for a signal model that allows support additions and removals, and that allows coefficients to gradually increase (decrease) until they reach a constant value (become zero). By "stability", we mean that the number of misses and extras in the support estimate remain bounded by time-invariant values (in turn implying a time-invariant bound on LS-CS error). The concept is meaningful only if the bounds are small compared to the support size. Numerical experiments backing our claims are shown.
description: Accepted (with mandatory minor revisions) to IEEE Trans. Signal Processing. 12 pages, 5 figures
Use of Hydrogels to Vaccinate Calves Orally for Pneumonic Pasteurellosis
Creators: name: Bowersock, T. L.
name: Shalaby, W. S. W.
name: Samuels, M. L.
name: White, M. R.
name: Lalone, R.
name: Levy, M.
name: Ryker, D.
name: Park, K.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1992

description: This study showed that hydrogels can deliver antigens orally to ruminants resulting in immunity at distant mucosal sites. Studies are underway to determine what other antigens can be loaded into hydrogels and retain their immunogenicity when released into the lower GIT. Hydrogels provide a practical, safe, economical way to deliver oral vaccines to a large number of animals to prevent diseases which begin at a mucosal surface.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1992: Volume 1
Lyman Break Galaxies at z~1.8-2.8: GALEX/NUV Imaging of the Subaru Deep Field
Creators: name: Ly, Chun
name: Malkan, Matthew A.
name: Treu, Tommaso
name: Woo, Jong-Hak
name: Currie, Thayne
name: Hayashi, Masao
name: Kashikawa, Nobunari
name: Motohara, Kentaro
name: Shimasaku, Kazuhiro
name: Yoshida, Makiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Abridged: A photometric sample of ~7100 V<25.3 Lyman break galaxies (LBGs) has been selected by combining Subaru/Suprime-Cam BVRci'z' data with deep GALEX/NUV imaging of the Subaru Deep Field. Follow-up spectroscopy confirmed 24 LBGs at 1.5
description: 24 pages, 24 figures (color figures are included), 4 tables. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal. Latest version contains minor changes to Tables 1 and 2, and Figure 4 and 10. Conclusions remain unchanged
Additional file 3 of The effect of ultrasound-guided intercostal nerve block on postoperative analgesia in thoracoscopic surgery: a randomized, double-blinded, clinical trial
Creators: name: Li, Shuo
name: Feng, Jinteng
name: Fan, Kun
name: Fan, Xiaoe
name: Cao, Shaoning
name: Zhang, Guangjian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional File 2: Trial protocol V2.1
Prospects For Enchancing Genetic Resistance to Disease in Dairy Cattle
Creators: name: Mallard, Bonnie A.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 1992

description: There is now substantial evidence that genetic selection in dairy cattle, soley for improved production, is associated with rising disease incidence. Diseases such as mastitis are multifactorial with complex etiology, which despite elaborate farm management schemes, costs the US dairy industry approximately $2 billion annually, and the Canadian industry between $500-700 million. Direct losses result from cow deaths, culling, milk discard, and antibiotic therapy of clinical disease. Although dollar losses from subclinical mastitis are much more difficult to estimate, these may be the most significant due to chronically reduced milk yields and altered milk composition of affected cows. Unfortunately, effective vaccines for the prevention of complex diseases such as mastitis, have not yet been realized. In addition, the relative lack of understanding of how genetic and physiological host factors influence immunological defense has hampered progress in the development of effective alternate preventatives. However, there is now evidence from numerous species that immune responsiveness and disease resistance are partly genetically regulated traits, and that enhancement of these traits based on genetic selection is feasible. In cattle, several genetic markers and immune response traits have been identified which have some association with mastitis or other economically relevant diseases, but these require confirmation in the context of breed and pertinent physiological status of the cow prior to use in selection schemes. Nonetheless genetic approaches to improve livestock performance and health hold great promise as environmentally sound alternatives to improved animal health, which at the same time should help alleviate concerns over the hazards and costs associated with conventional disease and production management.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1992: Volume 1
North African mineral dust sources: New insights from a combined analysis based on 3D dust aerosol distributions, surface winds and ancillary soil parameters
Creators: name: Vandenbussche, Sophie
name: Callewaert, Sieglinde
name: Schepanski, Kerstin
name: De Mazière, Martine
Publisher: name: Katlenburg-Lindau : EGU
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: aerosol formation
subject: emission
subject: mineral dust
subject: spatial distribution
subject: spatial variation
subject: surface wind
subject: temporal variation
subject: North Africa
subject: 550

description: Mineral dust aerosol is a key player in the climate system. Determining dust sources and the spatio-temporal variability of dust emission fluxes is essential for estimating the impact of dust on the atmospheric radiation budget, cloud and precipitation formation processes, the bio-productivity and, ultimately, the carbon cycle. Although much effort has been put into determining dust sources from satellite observations, geo-locating active dust sources is still challenging and uncertainties in space and time are evident. One major source of uncertainty is the lack of clear differentiation between near-source dust aerosol and transported dust aerosol. In order to reduce this uncertainty, we use 3D information on the distribution of dust aerosol suspended in the atmosphere calculated from spectral measurements obtained by the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) by using the Mineral Aerosols Profiling from Infrared Radiance (MAPIR) algorithm. In addition to standard dust products from satellite observations, which provide 2D information on the horizontal distribution of dust, MAPIR allows for the retrieval of additional information on the vertical distribution of dust plumes. This ultimately enables us to separate between near-source and transported dust plumes. Combined with information on near-surface wind speed and surface properties, low-altitude dust plumes can be assigned to dust emission events and low-altitude transport regimes can be excluded. Consequently, this technique will reduce the uncertainty in automatically geo-locating active dust sources. The findings of our study illustrate the spatio-temporal distribution of North African dust sources based on 9 years of data, allowing for the observation of a full seasonal cycle of dust emissions, differentiating morning and afternoon/evening emissions and providing a first glance at long-term changes. In addition, we compare the results of this new method to the results from Schepanski et al. (2012), who manually identified dust sources from Spinning Enhanced Visible and InfraRed Imager (SEVIRI) red-green-blue (RGB) images. The comparison illustrates that each method has its strengths and weaknesses that must be taken into account when using the results. This study is of particular importance for understanding future environmental changes due to a changing climate. © Author(s) 2020
Study on the effects of exercise and confinement on the calcium metabolism of the rat.
Creators: name: Ross, Bruce H.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The experiment was designed to demonstrate the effects of exercise and confinement on the calcium metabolism of rats. A subsidiary purpose was to determine if any such effects are mediated by a humoral agent. Twenty-four male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into three groups. One group was exercised in motorized activity cages for one hour per day five days per week; one group was confined in small individual metabolism cages for 26 days and in body holders for 12 days; one group was housed in individual metabolism cages and served as controls. Half of the rats of each of the above three groups received 2 ml whole blood from rats similarly treated (exercised, confined or control), on each of the last five days of the experiment. Thus the exercised rats received blood from confined rats, the confined rats received blood from exercised rats and the control rats received blood from control rats. A calcium balance study was carried out for the last 26 days of the 38 day experiment and a calcium-45 balance study was carried out for the last six hours of the experiment. Thus the following specific parameters of calcium metabolism were measured: calcium balance, per cent calcium utilization, food intake, faecal calcium, urinary calcium, total carcass calcium, femur calcium, calcium-45 absorption and femur calcium-45. The entire experiment was performed twice and the data analyzed using a randomized complete block design analysis of variance. The exercise or confinement did not significantly alter the calcium metabolism of the male Sprague Dawley rat under the conditions of this study. Two possible conclusions were discussed. Either this experiment casts some doubt on the current concepts regarding immobilization and osteoporosis, or that the humane conditions adopted in this study did not successfully immobilize the rats. The present experiment also suggests that regular vigorous exercise may not affect the calcium metabolism of the rat to a greater extent than normal activity or mild exercise. No conclusions could be drawn about the role of the blood in regulating or controlling the effects of exercise or confinement on calcium metabolism.