cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Laboratory experiments on the sublimation of methane through ice dust layers and applications to cometary activity
Creators: name: Tamai, Carla
name: Mate, Belen
name: Cazaux, Stephanie
name: Satorre, Miguel Angel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Comets are small celestial bodies made of ice, dust, and rock that orbit the Sun. Understanding their behavior as they warm up at perihelion unveils many pieces of information about the interior and general morphology of the ices hidden under the dust. Aims. The goal of this research is to study the sublimation of CH4 through amorphous solid water (ASW), with a focus on the structural changes in water and the influence of a layer of indene (as a proxy of the crust) during a period of thermal processing, which we use in a controlled laboratory setting to simulate cometary environments. Methods. Ices at a CH4 to H2O abundance ratio of about 0.01 are deposited and layered, or co-deposited, at 30 K and are heated until 200 K (or 140 K) with a ramp of either 1 or 5 K per min. We use mass spectrometry and infrared spectroscopy to analyze the results. Results. Depending on the heating ramp and type of deposition, the sublimation of methane through ASW varies, being lower in intensity and higher in temperature when the co-deposited structure is considered. When two temperature cycles are applied, the second one sees less intense CH4 desorptions. When indene is placed above the ice mixtures, we find that the thicker its layer, the later the methane desorption. Conclusions. The structural changes of water ice drive volatile and hyper-volatile desorption because of the transition from high to low intrinsic density and transformation from amorphous to crystalline. This desorption indicates that such material has been deposited at low temperatures in agreement with previous theories on cometary ices formed in the pre-stellar cloud.
description: Accepted A&A
PiTL: Cross-modal Retrieval with Weakly-supervised Vision-language Pre-training via Prompting
Creators: name: Guo, Zixin
name: Wang, Tzu-Jui Julius
name: Pehlivan, Selen
name: Radman, Abduljalil
name: Laaksonen, Jorma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Vision-language (VL) Pre-training (VLP) has shown to well generalize VL models over a wide range of VL downstream tasks, especially for cross-modal retrieval. However, it hinges on a huge amount of image-text pairs, which requires tedious and costly curation. On the contrary, weakly-supervised VLP (W-VLP) explores means with object tags generated by a pre-trained object detector (OD) from images. Yet, they still require paired information, i.e. images and object-level annotations, as supervision to train an OD. To further reduce the amount of supervision, we propose Prompts-in-The-Loop (PiTL) that prompts knowledge from large language models (LLMs) to describe images. Concretely, given a category label of an image, e.g. refinery, the knowledge, e.g. a refinery could be seen with large storage tanks, pipework, and ..., extracted by LLMs is used as the language counterpart. The knowledge supplements, e.g. the common relations among entities most likely appearing in a scene. We create IN14K, a new VL dataset of 9M images and 1M descriptions of 14K categories from ImageNet21K with PiTL. Empirically, the VL models pre-trained with PiTL-generated pairs are strongly favored over other W-VLP works on image-to-text (I2T) and text-to-image (T2I) retrieval tasks, with less supervision. The results reveal the effectiveness of PiTL-generated pairs for VLP.
Entropy, chaos and excited-state quantum phase transitions in the Dicke model
Creators: name: Lóbez, C. M.
name: Relaño, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study non-equilibrium processes in an isolated quantum system ---the Dicke model--- focusing on the role played by the transition from integrability to chaos and the presence of excited-state quantum phase transitions. We show that both diagonal and entanglement entropies are abruptly increased by the onset of chaos. Also, this increase ends in both cases just after the system crosses the critical energy of the excited-state quantum phase transition. The link between entropy production, the development of chaos and the excited-state quantum phase transition is more clear for the entanglement entropy. On the contrary, the heat dissipated by the process is affected neither by the onset of chaos, nor by the excited-state quantum phase transition.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, RevTex 4.1
Basalys iphicla Nixon 1980
Creators: name: Notton, David G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Diapriidae
Basalys
Basalys iphicla

description: Basalys iphicla Nixon, 1980: 30.
Valid name
Basalys macroptera (Kieffer, 1911) syn. nov.
Summary of types
Holotype ♂, BMNH number 9.824, by original designation. Paratype ♂.
Primary type data
Inverness:/ Loch Morlich/ 24.vi.1934 / R.B. & J.E.Benson; Pres. by the/ Trustees of the/ Godman Fund./ B.M.1934-429; Basalys / iphicla/ Nixon/ type ♀, 197.
Type locality
Scotland, Inverness, Loch Morlich.
Remarks
The holotype is mounted on a card point and has a12-14 and both hind tarsi missing. This species is evidently the same as Basalys macroptera, with which it shares a number of characters, most notably its relatively large size, hairs on anterior margin of large tergite, straight carina just below apex of antennal shelf, dark colour and northern distribution.
description: Published as part of Notton, David G., 2014, A catalogue of the types of Diapriinae (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) at the Natural History Museum, London, pp. 1-123 in European Journal of Taxonomy 75 on page 99, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.75, http://zenodo.org/record/3862773
Modifying the Properties of Microemulsion Droplets by Addition of Thermoresponsive BAB* Copolymers
Creators: name: Prause, Albert
name: Hechenbichler, Michelle
name: Schmidt, Robert F.
name: Prévost, Sylvain
name: Cavalcanti, Leide P.
name: Laschewsky, André
name: Gradzielski, Michael
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::541 Physikalische Chemie
subject: rheology
subject: thermoresponsive polymers
subject: microemulsion
subject: light scattering,
subject: small-angle neutron scattering

description: Oil-in-water (O/W) microemulsions (ME) typically feature a low viscosity and exhibit ordinary viscosity reduction as a function of temperature. However, for certain applications, avoiding or even reverting the temperature trend might be required. This can be conceived by adding thermoresponsive (TR) block copolymers that induce network formation as the temperature increases. Accordingly, various ME–polymer mixtures were studied for which three different block copolymer architectures of BAB*-, B2AB*-, and B(AB*)2-types were employed. Here, “B” represents a permanently hydrophobic, “A” a permanently hydrophilic, and “B*” a TR block. For the TR-block, three different poly(acrylamide)s, namely poly(N-n-propylacrylamide) (pNPAm), poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide) (pDEAm), and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNiPAm), were used, which all exhibit a lower critical solution temperature. For a well-selected ME concentration, these block copolymers lead to a viscosity enhancement with increasing temperature. At a polymer concentration of about 22 g L–1, the most pronounced enhancement was observed for the pNPAm-based systems with factors up to 3, 5, and 8 for BAB*, B2AB*, and B(AB*)2, respectively. This phenomenon is caused by the formation of a transitory network mediated by TR-blocks, as evidenced by the direct correlation between the attraction strength and the viscosity enhancement. For applications requiring a high hydrophobic payload, which is attained via ME droplets, this kind of tailored temperature-dependent viscosity control of surfactant systems should therefore be advantageous.
Effect of Neutrinos on Angular Momentum of Dark Matter Halo
Creators: name: Chen, Yu
name: Lu, Chang-Zhi
name: Lu, Yu
name: Zhang, Tingting
name: Zhang, Tong-Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive neutrinos are expected to affect the large-scale structure formation, including the major component of solid substances, dark matter halos. How halos are influenced by neutrinos is vital and interesting, and angular momentum (AM) as a significant feature provides a statistical perspective for this issue. Exploring halos from TianNu N-body cosmological simulation with the co-evolving neutrino particles, we obtain some concrete conclusions. First, by comparing the same halos with and without neutrinos, in contrast to the neutrino-free case, over 89.71\% of halos have smaller halo moduli, over 71.06\% have smaller particle-mass-reduced (PMR) AM moduli, and over 95.44\% change their orientations of less than $0.65^\circ$. Moreover, the relative variation of PMR modulus is more visible for low-mass halos. Second, to explore the PMR moduli of halos in dense or sparse areas, we divide the whole box into big cubes, and search for halos within a small spherical cell in a single cube. From the two-level divisions, we discover that in denser cubes, the variation of PMR moduli with massive neutrinos decreases more significantly. This distinction suggests that neutrinos exert heavier influence on halos' moduli in compact regions. With massive neutrinos, most halos (86.60\%) have lower masses than without neutrinos.
description: 12 pages(without ref.), 12 figures. The statistical research of the angular momentum moduli of dark halos in TianNu N-body simulation. Second update only corrects the author name on the arXiv page
Spherically symmetric collapse of a perfect fluid in f(R) gravity
Creators: name: Chakrabarti, Soumya
name: Banerjee, Narayan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present work investigates the gravitational collapse of a perfect fluid in $f(R)$ gravity models. For a general $f(R)$ theory, it is shown analytically that a collapse is quite possible. The singularity formed as a result of the collapse is found to be a curvature singularity of shell focusing type. The possibility of the formation of an apparent horizon hiding the central singularity depends on the initial conditions.
description: 8 pages, no figure; accepted for publication in GRG journal
Modifying the Properties of Microemulsion Droplets by Addition of Thermoresponsive BAB* Copolymers
Creators: name: Prause, Albert
name: Hechenbichler, Michelle
name: Schmidt, Robert F.
name: Prévost, Sylvain
name: Cavalcanti, Leide P.
name: Laschewsky, André
name: Gradzielski, Michael
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik
subject: rheology
subject: thermoresponsive polymers
subject: microemulsion
subject: light scattering
subject: small-angle neutron scattering

description: Oil-in-water (O/W) microemulsions (ME) typically feature a low viscosity and exhibit ordinary viscosity reduction as a function of temperature. However, for certain applications, avoiding or even reverting the temperature trend might be required. This can be conceived by adding thermoresponsive (TR) block copolymers that induce network formation as the temperature increases. Accordingly, various ME–polymer mixtures were studied for which three different block copolymer architectures of BAB*-, B2AB*-, and B(AB*)2-types were employed. Here, “B” represents a permanently hydrophobic, “A” a permanently hydrophilic, and “B*” a TR block. For the TR-block, three different poly(acrylamide)s, namely poly(N-n-propylacrylamide) (pNPAm), poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide) (pDEAm), and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNiPAm), were used, which all exhibit a lower critical solution temperature. For a well-selected ME concentration, these block copolymers lead to a viscosity enhancement with increasing temperature. At a polymer concentration of about 22 g L–1, the most pronounced enhancement was observed for the pNPAm-based systems with factors up to 3, 5, and 8 for BAB*, B2AB*, and B(AB*)2, respectively. This phenomenon is caused by the formation of a transitory network mediated by TR-blocks, as evidenced by the direct correlation between the attraction strength and the viscosity enhancement. For applications requiring a high hydrophobic payload, which is attained via ME droplets, this kind of tailored temperature-dependent viscosity control of surfactant systems should therefore be advantageous.
Cross sections for inelastic meson-meson scattering via quark-antiquark annihilation
Creators: name: Shen, Zhen-Yu
name: Xu, Xiao-Ming
name: Weber, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study inelastic meson-meson scattering that is governed by quark-antiquark annihilation and creation involving a quark and an antiquark annihilating into a gluon, and subsequently the gluon creating another quark-antiquark pair. The resultant hadronic reactions include for I=1: pion + pion to rho + rho, kaon + antikaon to kaon* + antikaon*, kaon + antikaon* to kaon* + antikaon*, kaon* + antikaon to kaon* + antikaon*, as well as pion + pion to kaon + antikaon, pion + rho to kaon + antikaon*, pion + rho to kaon* + antikaon, and kaon + antikaon to rho + rho. In each reaction, one or two Feynman diagrams are involved in the Born approximation. We derive formulas for the unpolarized cross section, the transition amplitude, and the transition potential for quark-antiquark annihilation and creation. The unpolarized cross sections for the reactions are calculated at six temperatures, and prominent temperature dependence is found. It is due to differences among mesonic temperature dependence in hadronic matter.
description: 53 pages, 13 figures
Evaluation of Coded Aperture Radiation Detectors using a Bayesian Approach
Creators: name: Miller, K.
name: Huggins, P.
name: Dubrawski, A.
name: Labov, S.
name: Nelson, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate the utility of coded aperture (CA) for roadside radiation threat detection applications. With coded aperture, information in the form of photon quantity is traded for directional information. Whether and in what scenarios this trade-off is beneficial is the focus of this study. We quantify the impact of a masking approach by comparing performance with an unmasked approach in terms of both detection and localization of a roadside nuclear threat. We measure performance over many instances of a drive-by scenario via Monte Carlo simulation based on empirical observations.
description: Submission abstract for poster presented at nuclear science symposium (NSS) 2015
Pseudo Outlier Exposure for Out-of-Distribution Detection using Pretrained Transformers
Creators: name: Kim, Jaeyoung
name: Jung, Kyuheon
name: Na, Dongbin
name: Jang, Sion
name: Park, Eunbin
name: Choi, Sungchul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68T50

description: For real-world language applications, detecting an out-of-distribution (OOD) sample is helpful to alert users or reject such unreliable samples. However, modern over-parameterized language models often produce overconfident predictions for both in-distribution (ID) and OOD samples. In particular, language models suffer from OOD samples with a similar semantic representation to ID samples since these OOD samples lie near the ID manifold. A rejection network can be trained with ID and diverse outlier samples to detect test OOD samples, but explicitly collecting auxiliary OOD datasets brings an additional burden for data collection. In this paper, we propose a simple but effective method called Pseudo Outlier Exposure (POE) that constructs a surrogate OOD dataset by sequentially masking tokens related to ID classes. The surrogate OOD sample introduced by POE shows a similar representation to ID data, which is most effective in training a rejection network. Our method does not require any external OOD data and can be easily implemented within off-the-shelf Transformers. A comprehensive comparison with state-of-the-art algorithms demonstrates POE's competitiveness on several text classification benchmarks.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures
High order symplectic integrators for perturbed Hamiltonian systems
Creators: name: Laskar, J.
name: Robutel, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a class of symplectic integrators adapted for the integration of perturbed Hamiltonian systems of the form $H=A+εB$. We give a constructive proof that for all integer $p$, there exists an integrator with positive steps with a remainder of order $O(τ^pε+τ^2ε^2)$, where $τ$ is the stepsize of the integrator. The analytical expressions of the leading terms of the remainders are given at all orders. In many cases, a corrector step can be performed such that the remainder becomes $O(τ^pε+τ^4ε^2)$. The performances of these integrators are compared for the simple pendulum and the planetary 3-Body problem of Sun-Jupiter-Saturn.
description: 24 pages, 6 figurres
title: Physical Modeling of Firn — Densification, Temperature, Grain Growth, and Water Retention
Creators: name: Schultz, Timm
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2024

description: The Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets are covered with snow. Over time, this snow becomes glacier ice due to continuous compaction. The intermediate product between seasonal snow and glacier ice is called firn. The process of this transition is called firn densification. Modeling this process has been a subject of glaciology for many decades, as it has the potential to provide the density distribution over the entire extent of ice sheets. Knowing the density of the firn body is not only crucial for determining the mass balance of the ice sheets, but also allows for better reconstructions of past climate using ice cores. Another issue related to firn densification, which has become more relevant in the recent past due to changing climate conditions on the ice sheets, is the simulation of surface meltwater infiltration into the firn.

This thesis aims to consider the modeling of firn compaction in the context of continuum mechanics. After establishing some basic concepts of continuum mechanics, three different approaches to modeling the densification of firn are reviewed in detail. A novel approach, based on an extensive firn core dataset, is developed to further optimize the so-called cell model approach. The firn body can be considered as a system in which different processes influence each other. The densification of the firn is only one of these processes and depends, among other phenomena, on the evolution of the temperature. Therefore, the simulation of the densification process requires the modeling of additional properties, such as the temperature, thermal conductivity, heat capacity, and the mean grain radius. Model concepts for a comprehensive simulation of firn are presented. In addition, meltwater
flow through firn is modeled using Richards’ Equation, which describes unsaturated flow through porous media.

Numerical concepts are presented to implement and couple the model concepts presented. This includes the description of a one-dimensional Lagrangian model approach and the discretization of the governing model equations by finite differences. The resulting simulation framework is then applied to two case studies, both simulating firn in Greenland. The first one simulates dry firn densification, and the second one simulates meltwater flow and retention in the firn body. The simulation results show very good agreement with the evaluation data, demonstrating that the concepts presented can be used to simulate the firn body of the Greenland Ice Sheet.
Fe-K Line Time variability and Ni abundance of Distant Reflector in Seyfert Galaxies
Creators: name: Fukazawa, Yasushi
name: Furui, Shun'ya
name: Hayashi, Kazuma
name: Ohno, Masanori
name: Hiragi, Kazuyoshi
name: Noda, Hirofumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed systematic studies of narrow Fe-K line (6.4 keV) flux variability and Ni-K line intensity for Seyfert galaxies, using {\em Suzaku} and {\em XMM-Newton} archival data. Significant Fe-K line variability of several tens percents was detected for a pair of observations separated by 1000--2000 days (Cen A, IC 4329 A, NGC 3516, and NGC 4151) and 158 days (NGC 3516). These timescales are larger by a factor of 10--100 than the inner radius of torus, consistent with the view that X-ray reflection by torus is a main origin of a narrow Fe-K line. Ni-K line was detected with $>2σ$ level for the Circinus galaxy, Cen A, MRK 3, NGC 4388, and NGC 4151. A mean and variance of Ni-K$α$ to Fe-K$α$ line intensity ratio are 0.066 and 0.026, respectively. Comparing this with the Monte-Carlo simulation of reflection, Ni to Fe abundance ratio is 1.9$\pm$0.8 solar. We discuss the results and possibility of Ni abundance enhancement.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures, ApJ accepted
A geometric interpretation of integrable motions
Creators: name: Clementi, Cecilia
name: Pettini, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Integrability, one of the classic issues in galactic dynamics and in general in celestial mechanics, is here revisited in a Riemannian geometric framework, where newtonian motions are seen as geodesics of suitable ``mechanical'' manifolds. The existence of constants of motion that entail integrability is associated with the existence of Killing tensor fields on the mechanical manifolds. Such tensor fields correspond to hidden symmetries of non-Noetherian kind. Explicit expressions for Killing tensor fields are given for the N=2 Toda model, and for a modified Henon-Heiles model, recovering the already known analytic expressions of the second conserved quantity besides energy for each model respectively.
description: 20 pages
CPT-symmetry studies with antihydrogen
Creators: name: Lehnert, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Various approaches to physics beyond the Standard Model can lead to small violations of CPT invariance. Since CPT symmetry can be measured with ultrahigh precision, CPT tests offer an interesting phenomenological avenue to search for underlying physics. We discuss this reasoning in more detail, comment on the connection between CPT and Lorentz invariance, and review how CPT breaking would affect the (anti)hydrogen spectrum.
description: 5 pages
Evolution of Migrating Planet Pairs in Resonance
Creators: name: Ferraz-Mello, S.
name: Beauge, C.
name: Michtchenko, T. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present numerical simulations of the evolution of planets or massive satellites captured in the 2/1 and 3/1 resonances, under the action of an anti-dissipative tidal force. The evolution of resonant trapped bodies show a richness of solutions: librations around stationary symmetric solutions with aligned periapses (w1-w2=0) or anti-aligned periapses (w1-w2=180 deg), and librations around stationary solutions in which the periapses configuration is fixed, but with w1-w2 taking values in a wide range of angles. Many of these solutions exist for large values of the eccentricities and, during the semimajor axis drift, the solutions show turnabouts from one configuration to another. These results are valid for other non-conservative forces leading to adiabatic covergent migration and capture into one of these resonances.
description: submitted to Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy
Generalized Morrey spaces and trace operator
Creators: name: Nakamura, Shohei
name: Noi, Takahiro
name: Sawano, Yoshihiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 41A17, 42B35

description: The theory of generalized Besov-Morrey spaces and generalized Triebel-Lizorkin-Morrey spaces is developed. Generalized Morrey spaces, which T. Mizuhara and E. Nakai proposed, are equipped with a parameter and a function. The trace property is one of the main focuses of the present paper, which will clarify the role of the parameter of generalized Morrey spaces. The quarkonial decomposition is obtained as an application of atomic decomposition. In the end, the relation between the function spaces dealt in the present paper and the foregoing researches is discussed.
description: 61 pages, Published as Shohei Nakamura, Takahiro Noi and Yoshihiro Sawano, Generalized Morrey spaces and trace operator. Sci. China Math. 59 (2016), no. 2, 281-336
Dynamical Evolution of Planets in Disks
Creators: name: Kley, Willy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of a system consisting of two protoplanets still embedded in a protoplanetary disk. Results of two different numerical approaches are presented. In the first kind of model the motion of the disk material is followed by fully viscous hydrodynamical simulations, and the planetary motion is determined by N-body calculations including exactly the gravitational potential from the disk material. In the second kind we only solve the N-body part and add additional analytically given forces which model the effect of the torques of the disk. This type of modeling is of course orders of magnitudes faster than the full hydro-model. Another advantage of this two-fold approach is the possibility of adjusting the otherwise unknown parameters of the simplified model. The results give very good agreement between the methods. Using two different initial setups for the planets and disk, we obtain in the first case a resonant trapping into the 3:1 resonance, and in the second case a trapping into the 2:1 resonance. Resonant capture leads to a rise in the eccentricity and to an alignment of the of the spatial orientation of orbits. The characteristics of the numerical results agree very favorably with those of 3 observed planetary systems (GJ 876, HD 82943, and 55 Cnc) known to be in mean motion resonances.
description: 14 Pages, Proc. of IAU Colloquium 189, Astrophysical Tides, Nanjing Sept. 2002, uses kluwer.sty
Local Structure and Spin Transition in Fe2O3 Hematite at High-Pressure
Creators: name: Sanson, Andrea
name: Kantor, Innokenty
name: Cerantola, Valerio
name: Irifune, Tetsuo
name: Carnera, Alberto
name: Pascarelli, Sakura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pressure evolution of the local structure of Fe2O3 hematite has been determined for the first time by extended x-ray absorption fine structure up to 79 GPa. The comparison to the different high-pressure forms proposed in the literature suggests that the orthorhombic structure with space group Aba2 is the most probable. The crossover from Fe high-spin to low-spin states with pressure increase has been monitored from the pre-edge region of the Fe K-edge absorption spectra. The "simultaneous" comparison with the local structural changes allows us to definitively conclude that it is the electronic transition that drives the structural transition and not viceversa.
Some aspects of Relativistic Astrometry from within the Solar System
Creators: name: Crosta, Maria Teresa
name: Vecchiato, Alberto
name: de Felice, Fernando
name: Lattanzi, Mario G.
name: Bucciarelli, Beatrice
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we outline the structure of a general relativistic astrometric model which has been developed to deduce the position and proper motion of stars from 1-microarcsecond optical observations made by an astrometric satellite orbiting around the Sun. The basic assumption of our model is that the Solar System is the only source of gravity, hence we show how we modeled the satellite observations in a many-body perturbative approach limiting ourselves to the order of accuracy of $(v/c)^2$. The microarcsecond observing scenario outlined is that for the GAIA astrometric mission.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures, accepted by Cel. Mec
Non-integrability of the problem of a rigid satellite in gravitational and magnetic fields
Creators: name: Maciejewski, Andrzej J.
name: Przybylska, Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34-xx;34Mxx;70F15

description: In this paper we analyse the integrability of a dynamical system describing the rotational motion of a rigid satellite under the influence of gravitational and magnetic fields. In our investigations we apply an extension of the Ziglin theory developed by Morales-Ruiz and Ramis. We prove that for a symmetric satellite the system does not admit an additional real meromorphic first integral except for one case when the value of the induced magnetic moment along the symmetry axis is related to the principal moments of inertia in a special way.
description: 39 pages, 4 figures, missing bibliography was added
Pattern formation in the wake of triggered pushed fronts
Creators: name: Goh, Ryan
name: Scheel, Arnd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B36, 37C29, 35C07, 37G25

description: Pattern-forming fronts are often controlled by an external stimulus which progresses through a stable medium at a fixed speed, rendering it unstable in its wake. By controlling the speed of excitation, such stimuli, or "triggers," can mediate pattern forming fronts which freely invade an unstable equilibrium and control which pattern is selected. In this work, we analytically and numerically study when the trigger perturbs an oscillatory pushed free front. In such a situation, the resulting patterned front, which we call a pushed trigger front, exhibits a variety of interesting phenomenon, including snaking, non-monotonic wavenumber selection, and hysteresis. Assuming the existence of a generic oscillatory pushed free front, we use heteroclinic bifurcation techniques to prove the existence of trigger fronts in an abstract setting motivated by the spatial dynamics approach. We then derive a leading order expansion for the selected wavenumber in terms of the trigger speed. Furthermore, we show that such a bifurcation curve is governed by the difference of certain strong-stable and weakly-stable spatial eigenvalues associated with the decay of the free pushed front. We also study prototypical examples of these phenomena in the cubic-quintic complex Ginzburg Landau equation and a modified Cahn-Hilliard equation.
Book Review: The Quantum Theory of Fields, Vol. I and II by S. Weinberg
Creators: name: Ahluwalia, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Review of the two volume set "The Quantum Theory of Fields" by S. Weinberg is presented.
description: An important note on dark matter and Wigner classes added
Mars 2020 Perseverance rover studies of the Martian atmosphere over Jezero from pressure measurements
Creators: name: Sánchez-Lavega, A.
name: del Rio-Gaztelurrutia, T.
name: Hueso, R.
name: Juárez, M. de la Torre
name: Martínez, G. M.
name: Harri, A. -M.
name: Genzer, M.
name: Hieta, M.
name: Polkko, J.
name: Rodríguez-Manfredi, J. A.
name: Lemmon, M. T.
name: Pla-García, J.
name: Toledo, D.
name: Vicente-Retortillo, A.
name: Viúdez-Moreiras, Daniel
name: Munguira, A.
name: Tamppari, L. K.
name: Newman, C.
name: Gómez-Elvira, J.
name: Guzewich, S.
name: Bertrand, T.
name: Apéstigue, V.
name: Arruego, I.
name: Wolff, M.
name: Banfield, D.
name: Jaakonaho, I.
name: Mäkinen, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pressure sensors on Mars rover Perseverance measure the pressure field in the Jezero crater on regular hourly basis starting in sol 15 after landing. The present study extends up to sol 460 encompassing the range of solar longitudes from Ls 13° - 241° (Martian Year (MY) 36). The data show the changing daily pressure cycle, the sol-to-sol seasonal evolution of the mean pressure field driven by the CO2 sublimation and deposition cycle at the poles, the characterization of up to six components of the atmospheric tides and their relationship to dust content in the atmosphere. They also show the presence of wave disturbances with periods 2-5 sols, exploring their baroclinic nature, short period oscillations (mainly at night-time) in the range 8-24 minutes that we interpret as internal gravity waves, transient pressure drops with duration 1-150 s produced by vortices, and rapid turbulent fluctuations. We also analyze the effects on pressure measurements produced by a regional dust storm over Jezero at Ls 155°.
Forward Flow for Novel View Synthesis of Dynamic Scenes
Creators: name: Guo, Xiang
name: Sun, Jiadai
name: Dai, Yuchao
name: Chen, Guanying
name: Ye, Xiaoqing
name: Tan, Xiao
name: Ding, Errui
name: Zhang, Yumeng
name: Wang, Jingdong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes a neural radiance field (NeRF) approach for novel view synthesis of dynamic scenes using forward warping. Existing methods often adopt a static NeRF to represent the canonical space, and render dynamic images at other time steps by mapping the sampled 3D points back to the canonical space with the learned backward flow field. However, this backward flow field is non-smooth and discontinuous, which is difficult to be fitted by commonly used smooth motion models. To address this problem, we propose to estimate the forward flow field and directly warp the canonical radiance field to other time steps. Such forward flow field is smooth and continuous within the object region, which benefits the motion model learning. To achieve this goal, we represent the canonical radiance field with voxel grids to enable efficient forward warping, and propose a differentiable warping process, including an average splatting operation and an inpaint network, to resolve the many-to-one and one-to-many mapping issues. Thorough experiments show that our method outperforms existing methods in both novel view rendering and motion modeling, demonstrating the effectiveness of our forward flow motion modeling. Project page: https://npucvr.github.io/ForwardFlowDNeRF
description: Accepted by ICCV2023 as oral. Project page: https://npucvr.github.io/ForwardFlowDNeRF
Deformation Processing of Lead‐Free Duplex Brass
Creators: name: MICHAEL KIERAN MORIARTY
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 91207 Metals and Alloy Materials
subject: FOS: Materials engineering

description: Duplex Brass is used extensively in the plumbing industry. It has the best known combination of processing characteristics, strength and corrosion resistance. In 2014, Pb was legislated to a maximum of 0.25% in plumbing products in the US. As a result several new 'Pb-free' alloys have started entering the market. The optimization of these new alloys has been very empirical to date. Therefore, this research examines in detail the processing-structure-property relationships for these alloys. It is inclusive of studies on phase equilibria, hot workability, machinability and corrosion resistance.
Development of laser speckle imaging systems for non-contact strain measurements and structural health monitoring
Creators: name: YONG PANG
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: Laser speckle produced by illuminating an optically rough surface records unique surface information is applied to study material deformation. A high level of speckle correlation is achieved, thus enabling the development of novel optical sensors for versatile non-contact and non-destructive strain measurement for materials testing and structural health monitoring.
Corynopria aphrodite Nixon 1980
Creators: name: Notton, David G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Corynopria
Corynopria aphrodite

description: Corynopria aphrodite Nixon, 1980: 32, fig. 9.
Valid name
Monelata aphrodite (Nixon, 1980).
Summary of types
Holotype ♀, BMNH number 9.825, by original designation. Paratypes 3 ♀♀.
Primary type data
S.E.London/ Norwood/ vii.1929 / G.Nixon; Corynopria / aphrodite/ Nixon/ type ♀, 1979.
Type locality
England, London, Norwood (as Tulse Hill in original description).
Remarks
The type series is from Norwood, not Tulse Hill as Nixon stated, although these places are very close; evidently this was just an error in recording the locality by Nixon and should not prevent them from being types. The holotype is mounted on a card point and is entire.
description: Published as part of Notton, David G., 2014, A catalogue of the types of Diapriinae (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) at the Natural History Museum, London, pp. 1-123 in European Journal of Taxonomy 75 on pages 99-100, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.75, http://zenodo.org/record/3862773
Magnetic Correlations in a Periodic Anderson Model with Non-Uniform Conduction Electron Coordination
Creators: name: Hartman, Nicole
name: Chiu, WeiTing
name: Scalettar, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Periodic Anderson Model (PAM) is widely studied to understand strong correlation physics and especially the competition of antiferromagnetism and singlet formation. Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) studies have focused both on issues such as the nature of screening and locating the quantum critical point (QCP) at zero temperature and also on possible experimental connections to phenomena ranging from the Cerium volume collapse to the relation of the magnetic susceptibility and Knight shift in heavy fermions. In this paper we extend QMC work to lattices in which the conduction electron sites can have variable coordination. This situation is relevant both to recently discovered magnetic quasicrystals and also to magnetism in doped heavy fermion systems.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures
Rotation in stellar interiors: General formulation and an asteroseismic-calibrated transport by the Tayler instability
Creators: name: Eggenberger, P.
name: Moyano, F. D.
name: Hartogh, J. W. den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: Asteroseismic measurements of the internal rotation of evolved stars indicate that at least one unknown efficient angular momentum (AM) transport mechanism is needed in stellar radiative zones. Aims: We investigate the impact of AM transport by the magnetic Tayler instability as a possible candidate for such a missing mechanism. Methods: We derived general equations for AM transport by the Tayler instability to be able to test different versions of the Tayler-Spruit (TS) dynamo. Results: These general equations highlight, in a simple way, the key role played by the adopted damping timescale of the azimuthal magnetic field on the efficiency of the resulting AM transport. Using this framework, we first show that the original TS dynamo provides an insufficient coupling in low-mass red giants that have a radiative core during the main sequence (MS), as was found previously for more massive stars that develop a convective core during the MS. We then derived a new calibrated version of the original TS dynamo and find that the damping timescale adopted for the azimuthal field in the original TS dynamo has to be increased by a factor of about 200 to correctly reproduce the core rotation rates of stars on the red giant branch (RGB). This calibrated version predicts no correlation of the core rotation rates with the stellar mass for RGB stars in good agreement with asteroseismic observations. Moreover, it correctly reproduces the core rotation rates of clump stars similarly to a revised prescription proposed recently. Interestingly, this new calibrated version of the TS dynamo is found to be in slightly better agreement with the core rotation rates of sub-giant stars, while simultaneously better accounting for the evolution of the core rotation rates along the RGB compared to the revised dynamo version. These results were obtained with both the Geneva and the MESA stellar evolution codes.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, published in A&A
Quantum nondemolition measurement of mechanical squeezed state beyond the 3 dB limit
Creators: name: Lei, C. U.
name: Weinstein, A. J.
name: Suh, J.
name: Wollman, E. E.
name: Kronwald, A.
name: Marquardt, F.
name: Clerk, A. A.
name: Schwab, K. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a reservoir engineering technique based on two-tone driving to generate and stabilize a quantum squeezed state of a micron-scale mechanical oscillator in a microwave optomechanical system. Using an independent backaction evading measurement to directly quantify the squeezing, we observe $4.7\pm0.9$ dB of squeezing below the zero-point level, surpassing the 3 dB limit of standard parametric squeezing techniques. Our measurements also reveal evidence for an additional mechanical parametric effect. The interplay between this effect and the optomechanical interaction enhances the amount of squeezing obtained in the experiment.
Validating an Approach to Formalize Use Cases with Ontologies
Creators: name: Couto, Rui
name: Ribeiro, António Nestor
name: Campos, José Creissac
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Use case driven development methodologies put use cases at the center of the software development process. However, in order to support automated development and analysis, use cases need to be appropriately formalized. This will also help guarantee consistency between requirements specifications and the developed solutions. Formal methods tend to suffer from take up issues, as they are usually hard to accept by industry. In this context, it is relevant not only to produce languages and approaches to support formalization, but also to perform their validation. In previous works we have developed an approach to formalize use cases resorting to ontologies. In this paper we present the validation of one such approach. Through a three stage study, we evaluate the acceptance of the language and supporting tool. The first stage focusses on the acceptance of the process and language, the second on the support the tool provides to the process, and finally the third one on the tool's usability aspects. Results show test subjects found the approach feasible and useful and the tool easy to use.
description: In Proceedings FESCA 2016, arXiv:1603.08371
Deep-Learning in Fruit Detection and Segmentation for Harvesting Robots
Creators: name: HANWEN KANG
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 80104 Computer Vision
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: 90602 Control Systems, Robotics and Automation
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this thesis, a machine vision system based on recent advancements in deep-learning for autonomous harvesting robots is developed. This thesis firstly reviews recent development in visual sensors, the state-of-the-art techniques in visual processing and vision processing algorithms based on the deep-learning.
Development of lobster-inspired hybrid actuators for compliant robotic applications
Creators: name: YAOHUI CHEN
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: 90602 Control Systems, Robotics and Automation
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This thesis presents new lobster-inspired hybrid actuators composed of both rigid and soft components to achieve more comprehensive functions. The present research has led to the development of hybrid actuators with both enhanced force output and compliant actuation which are suitable for a wide range of robotic applications.
Consideration of Rock Mass Violent Failure Mechanisms around Underground Excavations
Creators: name: SEYEDALI REZAEIKENETI
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 91402 Geomechanics and Resources Geotechnical Engineering
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: The research presented in this Thesis develops a methodology to assess a violent failure mechanism and the associated risks for underground excavations through the following steps: - Literature review and experimental investigations of precursor rock behaviour leading to the strain-burst damage mechanisms, - Identification of factors affecting the severity of a violent failure, and - Quantification of the potential risk of violent failures through implementation (and validation) in numerical simulations. Throughout investigation of the identified shortcomings in the current state of strain-burst hazard assessment and control, outcomes of this research will significantly assist in developing strategies to reduce the consequences of strain-bursts in mines, and making them more economically feasible in the future