cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Transit infrared spectroscopy of the hot neptune around GJ 436 with the Hubble Space Telescope
Creators: name: Pont, F.
name: Gilliland, R. L.
name: Knutson, H.
name: Holman, M.
name: Charbonneau, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nearby transiting system GJ 436b offers a unique opportunity to probe the structure and atmosphere of an extra-solar "hot Neptune". In this Letter, we present the main results of observations covering two transit events with the NICMOS camera on the Hubble Space Telescope. The data consist in high-cadence time series of grism spectra covering the 1.1-1.9 micron spectral range. We find Rpl=4.04 +- 0.10 R_earth and Rstar= 0.446 +- 0.011 Rsun for the planet and star radius, confirming and improving earlier measurements with ground-based photometry and a Spitzer lightcurve at 8 microns, as opposed to a much higher value obtained with the Fine Guidance Sensor on the Hubble Space Telescope. We measure no departure from strict periodicity in the transits to the level of ~7 seconds. This strongly disfavours the proposed explanation of the orbital eccentricity of GJ 436b in terms of the perturbation by another close-by planet. We measure a flat transmission spectrum at the level of a few parts per 10 000 in flux, with no significant signal in the 1.4-micron water band to a level comparable to the maximum amplitude of the effect predicted by planetary atmosphere models.
description: MNRAS Letters
Induced Giant Piezoelectricity in Centrosymmetric Oxides
Creators: name: Park, D. -S.
name: Hadad, M.
name: Rimer, L. M.
name: Ignatans, R.
name: Spirito, D.
name: Esposito, V.
name: Tileli, V.
name: Gauquelin, N.
name: Chezganov, D.
name: Verbeeck, D. Jannis J.
name: Gorfman, S.
name: Pryds, N.
name: Muralt, P.
name: Damjanovic, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Piezoelectrics are materials that linearly deform in response to an applied electric field. As a fundamental prerequisite, piezoelectric material must possess a non centrosymmetric crystal structure. For more than a century, this remains the major obstacle for finding new piezoelectric materials. We circumvent this limitation by breaking the crystallographic symmetry, and inducing large and sustainable piezoelectric effects in centrosymmetric materials by electric field induced rearrangement of oxygen vacancies Surprisingly, the results show the generation of extraordinarily large piezoelectric responses d33 ~200,000 pm/V), in cubic fluorite Gd-doped CeO2-x films, which is two orders of magnitude larger than in the presently best known lead based piezoelectric relaxor ferroelectric oxide. These findings open opportunities to design new piezoelectric materials from environmentally friendly centrosymmetric ones.
Canonical formulation of self-gravitating spinning-object systems
Creators: name: Steinhoff, Jan
name: Schäfer, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the Arnowitt-Deser-Misner (ADM) canonical formulation of general relativity, a canonical formulation of gravitationally interacting classical spinning-object systems is given to linear order in spin. The constructed position, linear momentum and spin variables fulfill standard Poisson bracket relations. A spatially symmetric time gauge for the tetrad field is introduced. The achieved formulation is of fully reduced form without unresolved constraints, supplementary, gauge, or coordinate conditions. The canonical field momentum is not related to the extrinsic curvature of spacelike hypersurfaces in standard ADM form. A new reduction of the tetrad degrees of freedom to the Einstein form of the metric field is suggested.
description: 6 pages. v2: extended version; identical to the published one. v3: corrected misprints in (24) and (39); improved notation; added note regarding a further reference.
Global Wellposedness for a Modified Critical Dissipative Quasi-Geostrophic Equation
Creators: name: Miao, Changxing
name: Xue, Liutang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 76U05, 76B03, 35Q35

description: In this paper we consider the following modified quasi-geostrophic equation \partial_{t}θ+u\cdot\nablaθ+ν|D|^αθ=0, \quad u=|D|^{α-1}\mathcal{R}^{\bot}θ,\quad x\in\mathbb{R}^2 with $ν>0$ and $α\in ]0,1[\,\cup \,]1,2[$. When $α\in]0,1[$, the equation was firstly introduced by Constantin, Iyer and Wu in \cite{ref ConstanIW}. Here, by using the modulus of continuity method, we prove the global well-posedness of the system with the smooth initial data. As a byproduct, we also show that for every $α\in ]0,2[$, the Lipschitz norm of the solution has a uniform exponential bound.
description: In this version we extend the range of $\alpha$ from (0,1) to (0,2), we also show that for every $\alpha\in (0,2)$, the Lipschitz norm of the solution has a uniform exponential bound. 27pages
Effects of statistical dependence on multiple testing under a hidden Markov model
Creators: name: Chi, Zhiyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The performance of multiple hypothesis testing is known to be affected by the statistical dependence among random variables involved. The mechanisms responsible for this, however, are not well understood. We study the effects of the dependence structure of a finite state hidden Markov model (HMM) on the likelihood ratios critical for optimal multiple testing on the hidden states. Various convergence results are obtained for the likelihood ratios as the observations of the HMM form an increasing long chain. Analytic expansions of the first and second order derivatives are obtained for the case of binary states, explicitly showing the effects of the parameters of the HMM on the likelihood ratios.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/10-AOS822 the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Hamiltonian perturbation theory in f(R) gravity
Creators: name: Multamäki, Tuomas
name: Vainio, Jaakko
name: Vilja, Iiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hamiltonian perturbation theory is used to analyse the stability of f(R) models. The Hamiltonian equations for the metric and its momentum conjugate are written for f(R) Lagrangian in the presence of perfect fluid matter. The perturbations examined are perpendicular to R. As perturbations are added to the metric and momentum conjugate to the induced metric instabilities are found, depending on the form of f(R). Thus the examination of these instabilities is a way to rule out certain f(R) models.
description: 16 pages
Stochastic Hydrodynamics of Complex Fluids: Discretisation and Entropy Production
Creators: name: Cates, Michael E.
name: Fodor, Étienne
name: Markovich, Tomer
name: Nardini, Cesare
name: Tjhung, Elsen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many complex fluids can be described by continuum hydrodynamic field equations, to which noise must be added in order to capture thermal fluctuations. In almost all cases, the resulting coarse-grained stochastic partial differential equations carry a short-scale cutoff -- which is also reflected in numerical discretisation schemes. We draw together our recent findings concerning the construction of such schemes and the interpretation of their continuum limits, focusing for simplicity on models with a purely diffusive scalar field, such as `Model B' which describes phase separation in binary fluid mixtures. We address the requirement that the steady state entropy production rate (EPR) must vanish for any stochastic hydrodynamic model in thermal equilibrium. Only if this is achieved can the given discretisation scheme be relied upon to correctly calculate the nonvanishing EPR for `active field theories' in which new terms are deliberately added to the fluctuating hydrodynamic equations that break detailed balance. To compute the correct probabilities of forward and time-reversed paths (whose ratio determines the EPR) we must make a careful treatment of so-called `spurious drift' and other closely related terms that depend on the discretisation scheme. We show that such subtleties can arise not only in the temporal discretisation (as is well documented for stochastic ODEs with multiplicative noise) but also from spatial discretisation, even when noise is additive, as most active field theories assume. We then review how such noise can become multiplicative, via off-diagonal couplings to additional fields that encode thermodynamically the underlying chemical processes responsible for activity. In this case the spurious drift terms need careful accounting, not just to evaluate correctly the EPR, but also to numerically implement the Langevin dynamics itself.
description: 27 pages, 4 figures
Bokashi System of Rearing of Pigs and Its Effect on Pig Health
Creators: name: J B Rajesh1*, Payel Kar2, S. K. Behera1, Abhishek Paul3, Zosangpuii4
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2025

description: “Bokashi” is a fermented organic substance, used in pig bedding and feed with the goal of improving environmental hygiene and digestive health. We expected that the Bokashi system would lower pathogen burden, promote gut microbiota diversity, and enhance immune response in pigs. In this article we are emphasizing the impact of a Bokashi-based pig rearing technique on pig health and well-being, contrasting it with traditional approaches.
Comparative study of theoretical methods for nonequilibrium quantum transport
Creators: name: Eckel, J.
name: Heidrich-Meisner, F.
name: Jakobs, S. G.
name: Thorwart, M.
name: Pletyukhov, M.
name: Egger, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed comparison of three different methods designed to tackle nonequilibrium quantum transport, namely the functional renormalization group (fRG), the time-dependent density matrix renormalization group (tDMRG), and the iterative summation of real-time path integrals (ISPI). For the nonequilibrium single-impurity Anderson model (including a Zeeman term at the impurity site), we demonstrate that the three methods are in quantitative agreement over a wide range of parameters at the particle-hole symmetric point as well as in the mixed-valence regime. We further compare these techniques with two quantum Monte Carlo approaches and the time-dependent numerical renormalization group method.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures; published version
Allowable complex metrics in minisuperspace quantum cosmology
Creators: name: Lehners, Jean-Luc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kontsevich and Segal (K-S) have proposed a criterion to determine which complex metrics should be allowed, based on the requirement that quantum field theories may consistently be defined on these metrics, and Witten has recently suggested that their proposal should also apply to gravity. We explore this criterion in the context of gravitational path integrals, in simple minisuperspace models, specifically considering de Sitter (dS), no-boundary and Anti-de Sitter (AdS) examples. These simple examples allow us to gain some understanding of the off-shell structure of gravitational path integrals. In all cases, we find that the saddle points of the integral lie right at the edge of the allowable domain of metrics, even when the saddle points are complex or Euclidean. Moreover the Lefschetz thimbles, in particular the steepest descent contours for the lapse integral, are cut off as they intrude into the domain of non-allowable metrics. In the AdS case, the implied restriction on the integration contour is found to have a simple physical interpretation. In the dS case, the lapse integral is forced to become asymptotically Euclidean. We also point out that the K-S criterion provides a reason, in the context of the no-boundary proposal, for why scalar fields would start their evolution at local extrema of their potential.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, v2: published version, typo corrected
GENOMIC SURVEILLANCE OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE IN GHANA: A PATHWAY TOWARD PRECISION PUBLIC HEALTH
Creators: name: Jerryson Ameworgbe Gidisu, Seth Oduro, Ernest Kofi Tetteh, Frederick Ayitey, Rachaelina Etornam Dometi,  Pauline Riane Adu-Henaku,  Timothy Narh Minimadey, Wussah Rachael,  Bryan Nana Osei Adu-Henaku & Fortune Siame
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has escalated into a severe global health threat, disproportionately burdening low- and middle-income countries like Ghana. This study is crucial for advancing precision public health by evaluating the role of genomic surveillance in tracking AMR dynamics across Ghana from 2020 to 2024. Using a descriptive, retrospective design, data were extracted from clinical, environmental, and veterinary sources (n=105), analyzed through ANOVA, regression, chi-square, and correlation techniques. Findings revealed significantly higher resistance rates in urban clinical settings (65%) versus rural (45%), with overall AMR prevalence at 57%. Environmental and animal sources showed ARG prevalence at 33% and 27%, respectively (F=19.44, p<0.001), while surveillance effectiveness improved with timeliness (from 10 to 5 days) and coverage (60% to 80%) (Wilks’ Lambda = 0.303, F=48.77, p<0.001). Crucially, a Pearson correlation of r = -0.92 (p<0.001) confirmed that increased genomic surveillance intensity strongly inversely relates to AMR rates, with the regression model (R² = 0.85) explaining 85% of the variance in AMR reduction. These findings highlight that surveillance is not merely observational but a transformative intervention. Policy implications call for expanded surveillance infrastructure, antibiotic stewardship, and One Health integration. The study recommends prioritizing surveillance in low-income, high-risk zones and embedding genomic insights into national health strategies for effective AMR control.
Some aspects of the Liouville equation in mathematical physics and statistical mechanics
Creators: name: Abadi, Ali Reza Khatoon
name: morovvatpoor, Ali
name: Mehrpooya, Mohammad
name: Rezazadeh, H. R.
name: Golgoii, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents some mathematical aspects of Classical Liouville theorem and we have noted some mathematical theorems about its initial value problem. Furthermore, we have implied on the formal frame work of Stochastic Liouville equation (SLE).
Normal Typicality and von Neumann's Quantum Ergodic Theorem
Creators: name: Goldstein, Sheldon
name: Lebowitz, Joel L.
name: Mastrodonato, Christian
name: Tumulka, Roderich
name: Zanghi, Nino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the content and significance of John von Neumann's quantum ergodic theorem (QET) of 1929, a strong result arising from the mere mathematical structure of quantum mechanics. The QET is a precise formulation of what we call normal typicality, i.e., the statement that, for typical large systems, every initial wave function $ψ_0$ from an energy shell is "normal": it evolves in such a way that $|ψ_t>
description: 18 pages LaTeX, no figures
Spaces where all closed sets are $α$-limit sets
Creators: name: Hantáková, Jana
name: Roth, Samuel
name: Snoha, Ľubomír
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 37B02, Secondary: 37B45, 37B05

description: Metrizable spaces are studied in which every closed set is an $α$-limit set for some continuous map and some point. It is shown that this property is enjoyed by every space containing sufficiently many arcs (formalized in the notion of a space with enough arcs), though such a space need not be arcwise connected. Further it is shown that this property is not preserved by topological sums, products and continuous images and quotients. However, positive results do hold for metrizable spaces obtained by those constructions from spaces with enough arcs.
description: Author Accepted Manuscript. Publication date: 1 April, 2022. Funded from the European Union's Horizon 2020 programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions, project acronym "LISEDIDYS", grant agreement No. 883748
Compression Induced Waveform Emergence, A Relational Mechanism Underlying Light's Wave Behavior
Creators: name: Guy, Frederick
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: light
wave
particle
duality
emergence

description: We present a scalable physical explanation for the emergence of sinusoidal light behavior using inter-photon compression. Simulations confirm that relational timing alone suffices to create classical wave phenomena. These results challenge traditional duality and offer new directions in light-based technology.
The development and application of a new method for quantifying total atmospheric sulfur in the Alberta Oil Sands
Creators: name: Mihele, Cristian
name: Brook, Jeffrey R.
name: Lu, Gang
name: Liggio, John
name: Staebler, Ralf M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Continuous ambient sulfur measurements are routinely conducted around the globe at numerous monitoring sites impacted by industrial sources, such as gas and oil processing facilities, pulp and paper mills, smelters, sewage treatment facilities, and concentrated animal feeding operations, as well as by natural sources, such as volcanoes. Various jurisdictions have or plan to establish air ambient quality objectives, guidelines, or standards for total reduced sulfur (TRS) based on odor perception and/or health effects. A conventional TRS monitoring technique is widely used, but few studies have looked at potential biases in the resulting TRS measurements. This paper presents a novel method to quantify total sulfur (TS) concentrations to investigate odor events caused by sulfur compounds and to construct the sulfur budget for sulfur dioxide (SO2), particle sulfate, hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and the sum of all remaining reduced sulfur compounds (non-H2S RSCs). This methodology was tested and improved through multi-year monitoring (2013–2017) at the Oski-ôtin site in the indigenous community of Fort McKay, in the Alberta Oil Sands Region (AOSR). Comparisons with SO2 and conventional TRS data from two long-term monitoring sites located within five kilometers of Oski-ôtin suggest that the conventional approach for TRS is biased, being low by 20% on average. Based on this new method, SO2 was observed to be responsible for about 40% of the TS mass in Fort McKay, whereas TRS and particle sulfate were 50% and 10%, respectively. During winter months, when SO2 plumes emitted from stacks tend to remain elevated due to diminished vertical mixing, TRS dominated the distribution. During periods with TS below 5 ppb, which was 84% of the time, TRS (with H2S) accounted for 55% of the sulfur mass observed in Fort McKay. Implications: Reduced sulfur compounds have a significant impact on the air quality near various types of industrial emission sources, but their accurate quantification has been hindered by technical problems inherent in standard sulfur measurement methods. We have developed, evaluated and applied a new method for measuring total sulfur. Comparisons in the Alberta Oil Sands suggest that standard methods underestimate total sulfur by typically 20% at this location. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) was observed to be responsible for about 40% of the total sulfur mass in Fort McKay, while total reduced sulfur and particulate sulfate made up 50% and 10%, respectively.
Absorption photometry of patterned deposits on IMPROVE PTFE filters
Creators: name: White, Warren H.
name: Copeland, Scott A.
name: Giacomo, Jason
name: Hyslop, Nicole P.
name: Kline, Lindsay M.
name: Malm, William
name: Raffuse, Sean
name: Schichtel, Bret A.
name: Spada, Nicholas J.
name: Wallis, Christopher D.
name: Zhang, Xiaolu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description:  The IMPROVE program (Interagency Monitoring of PROtected Visual Environments) tracks long-term trends in the composition and optics of regional haze aerosols in the United States. The absorptance of red (633-nm) light is monitored by filter photometry of 24 h-integrated samples of fine particulate matter (PM2.5). These are collected every third day at about 150 rural and often remote locations. Systematic reanalyses of archived samples have established the reproducibility of the optical absorption measurements across decades and rebuilt instrument systems, with a consistent calibration that is traceable back to 2003. IMPROVE samples for nondestructive sequential analyses by photometry, gravimetry, and X-ray fluorescence are all collected on ring-mounted membranes of expanded PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene). Although chemically inert, low in blank mass, and optically thin, these collection media yield visibly nonuniform deposits that do not admit direct interpretation according to a naïve “Beer-Lambert” formulation of optical absorption. Most IMPROVE PTFE deposits exhibit fine-scale “pixelation,” a pattern shaped by the perforated metal screen that supports the membrane during sample collection. This paper extends the traditional Beer-Lambert interpretive model to accommodate the patterned deposits generated on PTFE filters by IMPROVE and similar sampling protocols. Implications: The ambient absorption coefficients historically reported from IMPROVE filter samples are based on the conventional Beer-Lambert interpretation of measured transmittance by filter deposits assumed to be uniform. The neglect of observed patterning in actual deposits yields predictable underestimates for the summed absorption cross-sections of the collected particles. This pixelation bias can be substantial for individual samples that are taken from elevated concentrations of absorbing aerosols, near wildfires or urban centers. Over the regional-haze-tracking scale of the predominantly rural IMPROVE network, the aggregate bias relevant to radiative forcing is more moderate, estimated at roughly 10%.
Quark Masses and Mixings with Hierarchical Friedberg-Lee Symmetry
Creators: name: Araki, T.
name: Geng, C. Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the Friedberg-Lee symmetry for the quark sector and show that the symmetry closely relates to both quark masses and mixing angles. We also extend our scheme to the fourth generation quark model and find the relation $|V_{tb^{'}}| \simeq |V_{t^{'}b}| \simeq m_b/m_{b^{'}}< λ^2$ with $λ\simeq0.22$ for $m_b=4.2\ \gev$ and $m_{b^{'}}>199\ \gev$.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure. v2: typos corrected, published version
The development and application of a new method for quantifying total atmospheric sulfur in the Alberta Oil Sands
Creators: name: Mihele, Cristian
name: Brook, Jeff
name: Lu, Gang
name: Liggio, John
name: Staebler, Ralf M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Continuous ambient sulfur measurements are routinely conducted around the globe at numerous monitoring sites impacted by industrial sources such as gas and oil processing facilities, pulp and paper mills, smelters, sewage treatment facilities, or concentrated animal feeding operations, as well as natural sources such as volcanoes. Various jurisdictions have or plan to establish Air Ambient Quality Objectives/Guidelines/Standards for Total Reduced Sulfur (TRS) based on odor perception and/or health effects. A conventional TRS monitoring technique is widely used, but few studies have looked at potential biases in the resulting TRS measurements. This paper presents a novel method to quantify Total Sulfur (TS) concentrations to investigate odor events caused by sulfur compounds, and to construct the sulfur budget for sulfur dioxide, particle sulfate, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and the sum of all remaining reduced sulfur compounds (non-H2S RSCs). This methodology was tested and improved through multi-year monitoring (2013-2017) at the Oski-ôtin site in the indigenous community of Fort McKay, in the Alberta Oil Sands Region (AOSR). Comparisons with SO2 and conventional TRS data from two long-term monitoring sites located within five kilometers of Oski-ôtin suggest that the conventional approach for TRS is biased low by 20% on average. Based on this new method, Sulfur dioxide (SO2) was observed to be responsible for about 40% of the TS mass in Fort McKay, while TRS and particulate sulfate made up 50% and 10%, respectively. TRS dominated the distribution during winter months when SO2 plumes emitted from stacks tended to remain elevated due to diminished vertical mixing. During periods with TS below 5 ppb, which was 84% of the time, TRS (with H2S) accounted for 55% of the sulfur mass observed in Fort McKay.
Non-equilibrium mean-field theories on scale-free networks
Creators: name: Caccioli, F.
name: Dall'Asta, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many non-equilibrium processes on scale-free networks present anomalous critical behavior that is not explained by standard mean-field theories. We propose a systematic method to derive stochastic equations for mean-field order parameters that implicitly account for the degree heterogeneity. The method is used to correctly predict the dynamical critical behavior of some binary spin models and reaction-diffusion processes. The validity of our non-equilibrium theory is furtherly supported by showing its relation with the generalized Landau theory of equilibrium critical phenomena on networks.
description: 4 pages, no figures, major changes in the structure of the paper
Recycling electroplating sludge as an efficient photocatalyst for degradation of ciprofloxacin in aqueous solution
Creators: name: Van Dao, Hien
name: Hoang, Trang Minh
name: Nguyen, Mai Thi
name: Van Dang, Thanh
name: Nguyen, Dung Manh
name: Tran, Huong Thi
name: Nguyen, Khai M.
name: Tran, Hang T.M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: This study explored the potential of electroplating sludge (ESs) as a novel and effective photocatalyst for the photodegradation of ciprofloxacin in aqueous solutions. The characterization of the ESs was evaluated using sophisticated techniques, such as XRD, SEM, TEM, EDX, FTIR, and BET. ESs-derived photocatalyst materials were found to primarily consist of various metal oxides (Ni-O, Cu-O), which can absorb ultraviolet or visible light. The effectiveness of photodegradation was assessed by measuring the decomposition of Ciprofloxacin (CIP) in aqueous solutions. The results showed that after 180 min of UVA illumination, a remarkable photodegradation effectiveness of 93.87% was achieved for a CIP concentration of 10 mg L−1, pH = 9, catalyst dose of 1.0 g/L indicating ESs as an effective method for removing CIP from wastewater. The effect of other factors, such as other antibiotics, dyes, and phenol, were also carried out to illustrate high dominant capacity in the degradation of organic compounds. The radical scavenger demonstrated that h+ and O2●− are the main species for the degradation of CIP. This research presents an adaptable, scalable framework for sustainable electroplating sludge reuse. The easily implementable method promises widespread adoption, enhancing sustainability and resource efficiency by repurposing the treated waste as a photocatalyst for antibiotic degradation. Implications: This research investigates the potential of electroplating sludge (ESs) as a sustainable and effective photocatalyst for the degradation of ciprofloxacin (CIP) in wastewater. This study demonstrates that ESs, containing photoactive metal oxides, can effectively degrade CIP under ultraviolet light irradiation. This research suggests that ESs offer a cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach to wastewater treatment, promoting a circular economy. The findings contribute to the development of sustainable solutions for a cleaner and safer environment.
Writing and reading chiral domains in multiferroic DyMnO_3 using soft X-rays
Creators: name: Schierle, E.
name: Soltwisch, V.
name: Schmitz, D.
name: Feyerherm, R.
name: Maljuk, A.
name: Yokaichiya, F.
name: Argyriou, D. N.
name: Weschke, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sizeable b and c components of the 4f moments and pronounced circular dichroism are observed in the ferroelectric phase of DyMnO_3 by soft X-ray diffraction at the Dy-M_5 resonance. This points to cycloidal order of the 4f moments and indicates that inversion-symmetry breaking in this material is not characteristic of the Mn spins alone. The circular dichroism allows to image chiral domains that are imprinted on the surface of a DyMnO$_3$ single crystal, exploiting the local charging by the X-ray beam via the photoelectric effect. These findings suggest a novel approach to control and image domains and domain walls in multiferroic materials.
Nonlinear interferometry beyond classical limit facilitated by cyclic dynamics
Creators: name: Liu, Qi
name: Wu, Ling-Na
name: Cao, Jia-Hao
name: Mao, Tian-Wei
name: Li, Xin-Wei
name: Guo, Shuai-Feng
name: Tey, Meng Khoon
name: You, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time-reversed evolution has substantial implications in physics, including prominent applications in refocusing of classical waves or spins and fundamental researches such as quantum information scrambling. In quantum metrology, nonlinear interferometry based on time reversal protocols supports entanglement-enhanced measurements without requiring low-noise detection. Despite the broad interest in time reversal, it remains challenging to reverse the quantum dynamics of an interacting many-body system as is typically realized by an (effective) sign-flip of the system's Hamiltonian. Here, we present an approach that is broadly applicable to cyclic systems for implementing nonlinear interferometry without invoking time reversal. Inspired by the observation that the time-reversed dynamics drives a system back to its starting point, we propose to accomplish the same by slaving the system to travel along a 'closed-loop' instead of explicitly tracing back its antecedent path. Utilizing the quasi-periodic spin mixing dynamics in a three-mode $^{87}$Rb atom spinor condensate, we implement such a 'closed-loop' nonlinear interferometer and achieve a metrological gain of $3.87_{-0.95}^{+0.91}$ decibels over the classical limit for a total of 26500 atoms. Our approach unlocks the high potential of nonlinear interferometry by allowing the dynamics to penetrate into deep nonlinear regime, which gives rise to highly entangled non-Gaussian state. The idea of bypassing time reversal may open up new opportunities in the experimental investigation of researches that are typically studied by using time reversal protocols.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Erratum: Statistical anisotropy in the inflationary universe
Creators: name: Shtanov, Yuri
name: Pyatkovska, Hanna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An error was made when calculating the amplitude of the perturbed scalar mode after Hubble-radius crossing. When corrected, it eliminates the leading term in the statistical anisotropy of the power spectrum, reducing it from the previously claimed upper estimate of $\lesssim 10^{-2}$ to the level of at most $10^{-6}$, which is beyond the possibility of detection. The general conclusion is that a single-field inflationary scenario cannot produce statistical anisotropy of appreciable magnitude.
description: 2 pages, Erratum to the paper, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Ab initio calculation of the binding energy of impurities in semiconductors: Application to Si nanowires
Creators: name: Niquet, Y. M.
name: Genovese, L.
name: Delerue, C.
name: Deutsch, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the binding energy E_b of impurities in semiconductors within density functional theory (DFT) and the GW approximation, focusing on donors in nanowires as an example. We show that DFT succeeds in the calculation of E_b from the Kohn-Sham (KS) hamiltonian of the ionized impurity, but fails in the calculation of E_b from the KS hamiltonian of the neutral impurity, as it misses most of the interaction of the bound electron with the surface polarization charges of the donor. We trace this deficiency back to the lack of screened exchange in the present functionals.
Low Valence Nickelates: Launching the Nickel Age of Superconductivity
Creators: name: Botana, Antia S.
name: Lee, Kwan-Woo
name: Norman, Michael R.
name: Pardo, Victor
name: Pickett, Warren E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of superconductivity in thin films ($\sim$10 nm) of infinite-layer hole-doped NdNiO$_2$ has invigorated the field of high-temperature superconductivity research, reviving the debate over contrasting views that nickelates that are isostructural with cuprates are either (1) sisters of the high-temperature superconductors, or (2) that differences between nickel and copper at equal band filling should be the focus of attention. Each viewpoint has its merits, and each has its limitations, suggesting that such a simple picture must be superseded by a more holistic comparison of the two classes. Several recent studies have begun this generalization, raising a number of questions without suggesting any consensus. In this paper, we organize the findings of the electronic structures of $n$-layered NiO$_2$ materials ($n$= 1 to $\infty$) to outline (ir)regularities and to make comparisons with cuprates, with the hope that important directions of future research will emerge.
Recycling electroplating sludge as an efficient photocatalyst for degradation of ciprofloxacin in aqueous solution
Creators: name: Van Dao, Hien
name: Hoang, Trang Minh
name: Nguyen, Mai Thi
name: Van Dang, Thanh
name: Nguyen, Dung Manh
name: Tran, Huong Thi
name: Nguyen, Khai M.
name: Tran, Hang T.M
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: This study explored the potential of electroplating sludge (ESs) as a novel and effective photocatalyst for the photodegradation of ciprofloxacin in aqueous solutions. The characterization of the ESs was evaluated using sophisticated techniques, such as XRD, SEM, TEM, EDX, FTIR, and BET. ESs-derived photocatalyst materials were found to primarily consist of various metal oxides (Ni-O, Cu-O), which can absorb ultraviolet or visible light. The effectiveness of photodegradation was assessed by measuring the decomposition of Ciprofloxacin (CIP) in aqueous solutions. The results showed that after 180 min of UVA illumination, a remarkable photodegradation effectiveness of 93.87% was achieved for a CIP concentration of 10 mg L−1, pH = 9, catalyst dose of 1.0 g/L indicating ESs as an effective method for removing CIP from wastewater. The effect of other factors, such as other antibiotics, dyes, and phenol, were also carried out to illustrate high dominant capacity in the degradation of organic compounds. The radical scavenger demonstrated that h+ and O2●− are the main species for the degradation of CIP. This research presents an adaptable, scalable framework for sustainable electroplating sludge reuse. The easily implementable method promises widespread adoption, enhancing sustainability and resource efficiency by repurposing the treated waste as a photocatalyst for antibiotic degradation. Implications: This research investigates the potential of electroplating sludge (ESs) as a sustainable and effective photocatalyst for the degradation of ciprofloxacin (CIP) in wastewater. This study demonstrates that ESs, containing photoactive metal oxides, can effectively degrade CIP under ultraviolet light irradiation. This research suggests that ESs offer a cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach to wastewater treatment, promoting a circular economy. The findings contribute to the development of sustainable solutions for a cleaner and safer environment.
GalICS II: the [alpha/Fe]-mass relation in elliptical galaxies
Creators: name: Pipino, A.
name: Devriendt, J. E. G.
name: Thomas, D.
name: Silk, J.
name: Kaviraj, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We aim at reproducing the mass- and sigma-[alpha/Fe] relations in the stellar populations of early-type galaxies by means of a cosmologically motivated assembly history for the spheroids. We implement a detailed treatment for the chemical evolution of H, He, O and Fe in GalICS, a semi-analytical model for galaxy formation which successfully reproduces basic low- and high-redshift galaxy properties. The contribution of supernovae (both type Ia and II) as well as low- and intermediate-mass stars to chemical feedback are taken into account. We find that this chemically improved GalICS does not produce the observed mass- and sigma-[alpha/Fe] relations. The slope is too shallow and scatter too large, in particular in the low and intermediate mass range. The model shows significant improvement at the highest masses and velocity dispersions, where the predicted [alpha/Fe] ratios are now marginally consistent with observed values. We show that this result comes from the implementation of AGN (plus halo) quenching of the star formation in massive haloes. A thorough exploration of the parameter space shows that the failure of reproducing the mass- and sigma-[alpha/Fe] relations can partly be attributed to the way in which star formation and feedback are currently modelled. The merger process is responsible for a part of the scatter. We suggest that the next generation of semi-analytical model should feature feedback (either stellar of from AGN) mechanisms linked to single galaxies and not only to the halo, especially in the low and intermediate mass range. The integral star formation history of a single galaxy determines its final stellar [alpha/Fe] as it might be expected from the results of closed box chemical evolution models. (abridged)
description: 12 pages, 13 figure, A&A submitted, comments welcome
Two Flows Kowalevski Top as the Full Genus Two Jacobi's Inversion Problem and Sp(4,$\mathbb{R}$) Lie Group Structure
Creators: name: Hayashi, Masahito
name: Shigemoto, Kazuyasu
name: Tsukioka, Takuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using the first and the second flows of the Kowalevski top, we can make the Kowalevski top into the two flows Kowalevski top, which has two time variales. Then we show that equations of the two flows Kowalevski top become those of the full genus two Jacobi inversion problem. In addition to the Lax pair for the first flow, we costruct Lax pair for the second flow. Using the first and the second flows, we show that the Lie group structure of these two Lax pairs is Sp(4,$\mathbb{R}$) $\cong$ SO(3,2). Through the two flows Kowalevski top, we can conclude that the Lie group structure of the genus two hyperelliptic function is Sp(4,$\mathbb{R}$) $\cong$ SO(3,2).
description: 15 pages
Empowering tomorrow’s nurses and midwives: transforming undergraduate programmes in responding to evolving healthcare environments
Creators: name: Markey, Kathleen
name: O'Donnell, Claire
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 4205
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences
classificationCode: 4204
subject: Midwifery

description: no abstract
N=1 Supergravity BPS Domain Walls on Kähler-Ricci Soliton
Creators: name: Gunara, Bobby E.
name: Zen, Freddy P.
name: Arianto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper provides a study of some aspects of flat and curved BPS domain walls together with their Lorentz invariant vacua of four dimensional chiral N=1 supergravity. The scalar manifold can be viewed as a one-parameter family of Kähler manifolds generated by a Kähler-Ricci flow equation. Consequently, a vacuum manifold characterized by $(m,λ)$ where $m$ and $λ$ are the dimension and the index of the manifold, respectively, does deform with respect to the flow parameter related to the geometric soliton. Moreover, one has to carry out the renormalization group analysis to verify the existence of such a vacuum manifold in the ultraviolet or infrared regions. At the end, we discuss a simple model with linear superpotential on U(n) symmetric Kähler-Ricci orbifolds.
description: 19 pages, no figures; v2 some typos and grammar corrected; accepted in Rep. Math. Phys
Exploiting Robust Unsupervised Video Person Re-identification
Creators: name: Zang, Xianghao
name: Li, Ge
name: Gao, Wei
name: Shu, Xiujun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Unsupervised video person re-identification (reID) methods usually depend on global-level features. And many supervised reID methods employed local-level features and achieved significant performance improvements. However, applying local-level features to unsupervised methods may introduce an unstable performance. To improve the performance stability for unsupervised video reID, this paper introduces a general scheme fusing part models and unsupervised learning. In this scheme, the global-level feature is divided into equal local-level feature. A local-aware module is employed to explore the poentials of local-level feature for unsupervised learning. A global-aware module is proposed to overcome the disadvantages of local-level features. Features from these two modules are fused to form a robust feature representation for each input image. This feature representation has the advantages of local-level feature without suffering from its disadvantages. Comprehensive experiments are conducted on three benchmarks, including PRID2011, iLIDS-VID, and DukeMTMC-VideoReID, and the results demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves state-of-the-art performance. Extensive ablation studies demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of proposed scheme, local-aware module and global-aware module. The code and generated features are available at https://github.com/deropty/uPMnet.
description: Preprint version; Accepted by IET Image Processing
Impact of gigahertz and terahertz transport regimes on spin propagation and conversion in the antiferromagnet IrMn
Creators: name: Gueckstock, Oliver
name: Seeger, Rafael L.
name: Seifert, Tom S.
name: Auffret, Stephane
name: Gambarelli, Serge
name: Kirchhof, Jan N.
name: Bolotin, Kirill I.
name: Baltz, Vincent
name: Kampfrath, Tobias
name: Nádvorník, Lukáš
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Control over spin transport in antiferromagnetic systems is essential for future spintronic applications with operational speeds extending to ultrafast time scales. Here, we study the transition from the gigahertz (GHz) to terahertz (THz) regime of spin transport and spin-to-charge current conversion (S2C) in the prototypical antiferromagnet IrMn by employing spin pumping and THz spectroscopy techniques. We reveal a factor of 4 shorter characteristic propagation lengths of the spin current at THz frequencies (~ 0.5 nm) as compared to the GHz regime (~ 2 nm) which may be attributed to the ballistic and diffusive nature of electronic spin transport, respectively. The conclusion is supported by an extraction of sub-picosecond temporal dynamics of the THz spin current. We also report on a significant impact of the S2C originating from the IrMn/non-magnetic metal interface which is much more pronounced in the THz regime and opens the door for optimization of the spin control at ultrafast time scales.