cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantum structure of T-dualized models with symmetry breaking
Creators: name: Casteill, P. Y.
name: Valent, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the principal sigma-models defined on any group manifold GL x GR/GD with breaking of GR, and their T-dual transforms. For abritary breaking we can express the torsion and Ricci tensor of the dual model in terms of the frame geometry of the initial principal model. Using these results, we give necessary and sufficient conditions for the dual model to be torsionless and prove that the one-loop renormalizability of a given principal model is inherited by its dual partner, who shares the same beta-functions. These results are shown to hold also if the principal model is endowed with torsion. As an application we compute the beta-functions for the full Bianchi family and show that for some choices of the breaking parameters the dilaton anomaly is absent: for these choices the dual torsion vanishes. For the dualized Bianchi V model (which is torsionless for any breaking), we take advantage of its simpler structure, to study its two-loops renormalizability.
description: 24 pages, no figures, latex2e
Thalamocortical Oscillations in Sleep and Anaesthesia
Creators: name: Gent, Thomas Clifford
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2011

description: The last 20 years have seen a substantial advancement in the understanding of the molecular targets of general anaesthetics however the neural mechanisms involved in causing loss of consciousness remain poorly understood. Thalamocortical oscillations are present in natural sleep and are induced by many general anaesthetics suggesting that modulation of this reciprocal system may be involved in the regulation of consciousness. Dynamic changes of thalamocortical oscillations in natural sleep and anaesthesia were investigated in rats chronically implanted with skull screw and depth electrodes in the cortex and thalamus. The hypothesis that discrete areas within the thalamus are responsible for regulation of arousal was tested. The anaesthetics propofol and dexmedetomidine but not midazolam produced switches in delta frequency at loss of righting reflex (LORR). This switch in frequency mirrored that seen within non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM), whereas the onset of NREM was characterized by a switch from theta to delta in the EEG. Depth recordings during NREM indicated that the switch into a NREM state occurred in the central medial thalamus (CMT) significantly before the cingulate, barrel cortex and ventrobasal nucleus (VB), and that the CMT switch corresponded to the switch seen in the global EEG. Dexmedetomidine hypnosis showed a delta frequency shift that occurred simultaneously within the thalamus and cortex, and furthermore that the thalamus exhibited phase advancement over the cortex at the point of LORR. In conclusion, globalised changes within the thalamocortical system occur for propofol and dexmedetomidine LORR in the rat. This change represents a transition within drug free NREM and may implicate a common pathway responsible for a decrease in arousal. Furthermore, the phase advancement of the intralaminar thalamus over the cortex at LORR suggests a crucial role for this part of the thalamocortical system for regulating consciousness.
Non-linear Real Arithmetic Benchmarks derived from Automated Reasoning in Economics
Creators: name: Mulligan, C.
name: Bradford, R.
name: Davenport, J. H.
name: England, M.
name: Tonks, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.1.2; J.4
subject: 68W30, 03C10, 91-04

description: We consider problems originating in economics that may be solved automatically using mathematical software. We present and make freely available a new benchmark set of such problems. The problems have been shown to fall within the framework of non-linear real arithmetic, and so are in theory soluble via Quantifier Elimination (QE) technology as usually implemented in computer algebra systems. Further, they all can be phrased in prenex normal form with only existential quantifiers and so are also admissible to those Satisfiability Module Theory (SMT) solvers that support the QF_NRA. There is a great body of work considering QE and SMT application in science and engineering, but we demonstrate here that there is potential for this technology also in the social sciences.
description: To appear in Proc. SC-Square 2018. Dataset described is hosted by Zenodo at: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1226892 . arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1804.10037
title: 02_0113
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
The O(N) sigma-model Laplacian
Creators: name: Mansfield, Paul
name: Pachos, Jiannis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For fields that vary slowly on the scale of the lightest mass the logarithm of the vacuum functional of a massive quantum field theory can be expanded in terms of local functionals satisfying a form of the Schrödinger equation, the principal ingredient of which is a regulated functional Laplacian. We construct to leading order a Laplacian for the O(N) sigma-model that acts on such local functionals. It is determined by imposing rotational invariance in the internal space together with closure of the Poincaré algebra.
description: 7 pages, latex
Assessing the Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Transport Biofuels
Creators: name: Brown, Gareth D.
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2012

description: Many fuel cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions assessments of varying scope, detail and methodology have been carried out for various biofuels in recent years, and these have largely concluded that biofuels provide GHG reduction benefits as substitutes for fossil fuels. As more attention is focused on biofuels, however, doubts have been raised about the reliability of previous GHG assessments of these fuels. From a scientific perspective, three main observations give reason to doubt these assessments: 1. There are widely varying results for what appear to be identical fuels. 2. The assessment methodologies involve inherently subjective elements. 3. There is still significant scientific uncertainty in characterisations of important processes that need to be accounted for in most GHG assessments of biofuels. For accurate determination of the GHG emissions impacts of biofuels, there is a need for further development of standardised, demonstrably reliable assessment methods. This research investigates methods used for assessing net GHG emissions from biofuels. It identifies remaining methodological deficiencies that prevent the generation of definitive results. A methodological framework is developed for optimising the reliability of biofuel GHG assessments within the limits of currently available knowledge and methods, and the most important developments required for extending those limits are identified. A new calculation tool and database are developed to facilitate the carrying out of biofuel GHG assessments with optimal reliability. It is concluded that uncertainties associated with existing GHG assessments can significantly limit our ability to draw firm conclusions from comparisons of GHG impacts among biofuels and between biofuels and fossil fuels. Reliable GHG assessments of biofuels require very precise specifications of the systems being described, with clear definitions of the limitations of applicability of the assessment results, explanations of the methodological choices adopted and their implications, and acknowledgement of the limits set by all relevant scientific uncertainty.
title: 03_0350
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Oral history interview with Margaret Bush, 1979
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Music teachers
Music--Austria
Conservatories of music
Political refugees
Cultural relations

description: Musical education in Leipzig and Vienna; director Vienna Children's Conservatory of Music, "Bush Method," 1927-38; refugee to United States, 1940; director of Music for the American Council for Emigres in the Professions; music director, Austrian Forum, cultural exchange program
Characterisation of SHARPIN as a third component of the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC)
Creators: name: Schmukle, Anna
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2012

description: Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) is an important cytokine with great physiological relevance and effects ranging from pro-inflammatory to immuno-regulatory functions. On a cellular level, it induces signalling processes by crosslinking its receptors and by initiating the formation of an intracellular, multi-protein receptor-signalling complex (RSC). Investigation of the TNF-RSC by modified tandem affinity purification (moTAP) and mass spectrometry revealed the presence of three novel components in this complex: heme-oxidised IRP2 ubiquitin ligase-1 (HOIL-1), HOIL-1-interacting protein (HOIP) and SHANK-associated RH-domain-interacting protein (SHARPIN). Previous studies showed that HOIL-1 and HOIP form an E3-complex that mediates the generation of linearly linked ubiquitin chains and is hence referred to as linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC). Identification of peptides specific for SHARPIN in the mass spectrometric analysis of the native TNF-RSC together with its sequence similarity to HOIL-1 raised the questions whether SHARPIN contributes functionally to TNF-signalling and/or the E3-activity of LUBAC. In this thesis, it could be shown that all three proteins are specifically recruited to the TNF-RSC in a cIAP1/2-dependent manner. As SHARPIN, HOIL-1 and HOIP can bind ubiquitin chains this suggests that the three proteins are recruited via cIAP1/2-generated ubiquitin chains. In addition, HOIP is required for presence of SHARPIN and HOIL-1 in the TNF-RSC. This, together with the finding that these three factors form a stimulation-independent protein complex in the cytosol, indicates that LUBAC is recruited to the TNF-RSC as a tripartite complex via its central component HOIP. In-vitro ubiquitination assays showed that SHARPIN is not only a physical but also a functional component of LUBAC. HOIP can generate ubiquitin chains when combined with either SHARPIN, HOIL-1 or both and was shown to exclusively generate linear linkages via a HECT-like mechanism. NEMO was identified as a common target of all possible LUBAC-combinations in vitro and, in line with this, the activity of LUBAC is required for full activation of NF-B following TNF stimulation. The results obtained in this thesis identify SHARPIN as a third component of LUBAC, an E3-complex that is specifically recruited to the TNF-RSC and regulates TNF signalling by modifying specific target proteins with linearly linked ubiquitin chains.
title: ADCO, Ordre cistercien et abbaye de Cîteaux : comptes pour l'ordre (1337-1347), comptes du boursier (1377-1402) (11 H 1160), f. 00190
Creators: name: de la Côte-d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CBMA/CG21/F.PETOT/2017
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: comptes
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Ordre cistercien et abbaye de Cîteaux : comptes pour l'ordre (1337-1347), comptes du boursier (1377-1402), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1160). Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Ordre cistercien et abbaye de Cîteaux : comptes pour l'ordre (1337-1347), comptes du boursier (1377-1402), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1160), f. 00190, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi \[Ressource en ligne\], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
A Change is as Good as a Test: Observational Tests of Extensions to the Concordance Cosmological Model
Creators: name: Thomas, Daniel
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2012

description: In this thesis I examine some extensions to the concordance model of cosmology and their observational consequences. In particular, I look at how vector perturbations sourced by cosmic strings could generate a B-mode signal in weak lensing surveys. For a string network close to the current observational upper bound, this signal could be detected within the next 5-10 years. I also examine model independent modified gravity and forecast the constraints that could be obtained with the combination CMB+weak lensing+galaxy cluster counts. For the specific example of Planck (CMB+cluster catalogue) and DES(weak lensing), deviations from General Relativity could be constrained to within 5% in the next 3-4 years. The forecast for cluster counts relies on mass functions calibrated for ∧CDM+GR cosmologies, so I then investigate how reliable the predictions are in the case of modified gravity. At first glance, it appears that the mass function formalism is reliable and, with a little cheating, can even work in the case where modified gravity has a screening scale.
Effects of an attractive three body interaction on a spin-1 Bose Hubbard model
Creators: name: Nabi, Sk Noor
name: Basu, Saurabh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of an attractive three body interaction potential on a spin-1 ultracold Bose gas using mean field approach (MFA). For an antiferromagnetic (AF) interaction, the third MI lobe is predominantly affected, where it completely engulfs the second and the fourth MI lobes at large values of the interaction strength. Albeit no significant change is observed beyond the fourth MI lobe. The formation of the spin singlet (nematic) MI phase and the different order of phase transitions to the SF phase have been carefully scrutinized with the help of spin eigenvalues and spin nematic order parameter. In the ferromagnetic case, the phase diagram shows similar features as that of a scalar Bose gas. We have compared our results on the MFA phase diagrams for both types of the interaction potential via a perturbation expansion in both the cases.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1711.04283
D6.1 Guideline of IMOCO4.E Methodology and Toolchains
Creators: name: Hans Kuppens
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The deliverable describes the first iteration of methodology supporting the integration and utilization of the IMOCO4.E components from the perspectives of the different industrial stakeholders. It will focus on tentative employment of model-based techniques in mechatronics system design.
Higgs Mechanism and Luna Strata in N=1 Gauge Theories
Creators: name: Dotti, Gustavo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The classical moduli space M of a supersymmetric gauge theory with trivial superpotential can be stratified according to the unbroken gauge subgroup at different vacua. We apply known results about this stratification to obtain the W \neq 0 theory classical moduli space M^W \subset M, working entirely with the composite gauge invariant operators X that span M, assuming we do not known their elementary matter chiral field content. In this construction, the patterns of gauge symmetry breaking of the W \neq 0 theory are determined, Higgs flows in these theories show important differences from the W=0 case. The methods here introduced provide an alternative way to construct tree level superpotentials that lift all classical flat directions leaving a candidate theory for dynamical supersymmetry breaking, and are also useful to identify heavy composite fields to integrate out from effective superpotentials when the elementary field content of the composites is unknown. We also show how to recognize the massless singlets after Higgs mechanism at a vacuum X \in M^W among the moduli δX using the stratification of M, and establish conditions under which the space of non singlet massless fields after Higgs mechanism (unseen as moduli δX) is null. A small set of theories with so called "unstable" representations of the complexified gauge group is shown to exhibit unexpected properties regarding the dimension of their moduli space, and the presence of non singlet massless fields after Higgs mechanism at all of their vacua.
description: 31 pages, entirely re-written, one section added
Non-Hermitian Quantum Sensing: Fundamental Limits and Non-Reciprocal Approaches
Creators: name: Lau, Hoi-Kwan
name: Clerk, Aashish A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unconventional properties of non-Hermitian systems, such as the existence of exceptional points, have recently been suggested as a resource for sensing. The impact of noise and utility in quantum regimes however remains unclear. In this work, we analyze the parametric-sensing properties of linear coupled-mode systems that are described by effective non-Hermitian Hamiltonians. Our analysis fully accounts for noise effects in both classical and quantum regimes, and also fully treats a realistic and optimal measurement protocol based on coherent driving and homodyne detection. Focusing on two-mode devices, we derive fundamental bounds on the signal power and signal-to-noise ratio for any such sensor. We use these to demonstrate that enhanced signal power requires gain, but not necessarily any proximity to an exceptional point. Further, when noise is included, we show that non-reciprocity is a powerful resource for sensing: it allows one to exceed the fundamental bounds constraining any conventional, reciprocal sensor. We analyze simple two-mode non-reciprocal sensors that allow this parametrically-enhanced sensing, but which do not involve exceptional point physics.
Investigation of reshaping and nanocluster formation in gold nanostars
Creators: name: Watkins, Hannah
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: Though known about and used for centuries, gold nanoparticles and their resulting chemistry remain an active area of research to this day. In particular, much effort has been directed at synthesising gold nanoparticles of controlled sizes and morphologies. Gold particles around 2-100 nm in diameter contain localised surface Plasmon resonances (LSPR), which give them distinct spectral properties that can be harnessed for colorimetric sensor development. For example, gold nanostars-a type of highly branched gold nanoparticle-have two LSPR: one due to oscillations in the star body and the other due to oscillations in the star spikes. In contrast, gold nanoparticles smaller than 2 nm, also known as nanoclusters, are fluorescent and this feature can be exploited for biosensor design. In this thesis, we present evidence that nanostars can reshape into more rounded nanoparticles through interactions with bovine serum albumin (BSA). Additionally, as byproducts of this reshaping process, fluorescent gold nanoclusters are formed. Though unmodified nanostars do not fluoresce, we have been able to create BSA stabilised nanoclusters that fluoresce green (545 nm) when excited at 450 nm and red (660 nm) when excited at 640 nm. This is believed to be the first time such nanocluster have been generated from nanostars. This combination of red fluorescence, green fluorescence, and changing colourimetric properties resulting from nanostar reshaping and concomitant nanocluster formation suggest that the process is highly versatile to the creation of biosensors.
The X-Ray Characteristics of a Classical Gamma-Ray Burst and its Afterglow
Creators: name: Connors, A.
name: Hueter, G. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The serendipitous observation of GRB 780506 by co-aligned gamma-ray (HEAO 1 A-4 0.02 - 6 MeV) and X-ray (HEAO 1 A-2 2-60 keV) instruments during a six hour pointing at a blank section of the sky gave us unprecedented high signal-to-noise X-ray spectra and light curves of a gamma-ray burst and its afterglow. We observed two breaks in the initial spectrum, one consistent with a peak in nu-F-nu of ~45 keV, and one below 4 keV, consistent with strong absorption, followed by dramatic spectral variability. The initial strong turnover below a few keV evolved into a slight excess. The spectral shape varied widely outside low energy limits prescribed by current relativistic shock models. Two minutes after the burst ended, HEAO 1 A-2 detected a faint resurgence of 2-10 keV flux, rising to a peak ~seven minutes after burst onset, followed by irregular emission with best-fit decay time of half an hour. We estimated that this entire afterglow radiated between 3 and 30% of the >1 keV energy radiated during the burst.
description: 45 pages, 18 of which are figures. References corrected, figures clarified, minor wording changes, to correspond to the form in which it will appear in the Astrophysical Journal, July 1, 501. Contains a detailed Appendix on a Bayesian Method for finding the position of a variable source
Linear feedback control for form-drag reduction on bluff bodies with a blunt trailing edge
Creators: name: Dahan, Jeremy
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: The work described in this thesis is a computational investigation applying linear feedback control to reduce form-drag on bluff bodies with a blunt trailing edge. For such bodies, a large portion of the aerodynamic drag is associated with an unsteady separated region or wake downstream of the body. The development of tractable feedback strategies to control unsteady wakes promises strong benefits, both in terms of industrial applications and for furthering our understanding of the flow mechanisms at play. For this purpose, large-eddy simulations are carried out where a linear feedback controller targets an increase in the mean pressure force on the rear (base) of the body. The flows over two distinct geometries are examined: a backward-facing step and a bluff body with a rounded leading edge, often referred to as a D-shaped body. The control is effected by zero-net-mass-flux slot jets, responding to sensors located on the body base. Open-loop characterization provides information on the effects of actuation and some physical insight into the relation between the base pressure and wake dynamics. System identification is used to obtain a low-order model of the flow's response to actuation that can be used for control. The control strategy is based on the premise that reducing the fluctuations in the near-wake will cause an increase in the mean base pressure, hence a reduction in form-drag. The controllers are designed with classical frequency-domain methods, using a sensitivity transfer function to attenuate the size of the pressure force fluctuations. The influence of parameters such as the Reynolds number and the location and type of actuators is studied. For all cases, low-order linear feedback controllers successfully reduce the pressure force fluctuations and achieve sensible drag reductions. They do so with higher efficiency than the open-loop forcing considered. Uncertainties in the model and flow conditions can be to some extent mitigated by the robustness of the controller. The results support the conjecture linking the fluctuating and mean base pressure, although it is observed that further work is needed before such an approach can be used for optimization.
The redshift in Hubble's constant
Creators: name: Temple-Raston, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A generalisation to electrodynamics and Yang-Mills theory is presented that permits computation of the speed of light. The model presented herewithin indicates that the speed of light in vacuo is not a universal constant. This may be relevant to the current debate in astronomy over large values of the Hubble constant obtained through the use of the latest generation of ground and space-based telescopes. An experiment is proposed based on Compton scattering to measure deviations in the speed of light.
description: 13 pages, LaTeX
title: ADCO, Huitième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661-1667), Cart. 31 (G 135), 549 folios, f. 0539
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi

description: Huitième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661-1667), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 31 (G 135), 549 folios, f. 0539, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Huitième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661-1667), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 31 (G 135), 549 folios, f. 0539, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
Differences Between The Optical/Uv Spectra Of X-Ray Bright And X-Ray Faint QSOs
Creators: name: Green, Paul J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We contrast measurements of composite optical and ultraviolet (UV) spectra constructed from samples of QSOs defined by their soft X-ray brightness. X-ray bright (XB) composites show stronger emission lines in general, but particularly from the narrow line region. The difference in the [OIII]/Hbeta ratio is particularly striking, and even more so when blended FeII emission is properly subtracted. The correlation of this ratio with X-ray brightness were principal components of QSO spectral diversity found by Boroson & Green (1992). We find here that other, much weaker narrow optical forbidden lines ([OII] and NeV) are enhanced by factors of 2 to 3 in our XB composites, and that narrow line emission is also strongly enhanced in the XB UV composite. Broad permitted line fluxes are slightly larger for all XB spectra, but the narrow/broad line ratio stays similar or increases strongly with X-ray brightness for all strong permitted lines except Hbeta. Spectral differences between samples divided by their relative X-ray brightness (as measured by alpha_{ox}) exceed those seen between complementary samples divided by luminosity or radio loudness. We propose that the Baldwin effect may be a secondary correlation to the primary relationship between alpha_{ox} and emission line equivalent width. We conclude that either 1) equivalent width depends strongly on the SHAPE of the ionizing continuum, as crudely characterized here by alpha_{ox} or 2) both equivalent width and alpha_{ox} are related to some third parameter characterizing the QSO physics. One such possibility is intrinsic warm absorption; a soft X-ray absorber situated between the broad and narrow line regions can successfully account for many of the properties observed.
description: 16 pages including 3 figures, AAS latex, plus 4 tables totaling 5 pages, to appear in ApJ Vol. 498, May 1, 1998
Development of Benchmarks for Historical UK IEU Criticality Experiments and Analysis Using a Kalman Filter Data Assimilation Technique
Creators: name: Dyrda, James
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: Unique historical data from UK criticality experiments with intermediate enriched uranium (IEU) have been collated, reviewed and evaluated as criticality safety benchmark experiments. Four benchmark evaluations, detailing 136 configurations, have been accepted by the International Criticality Safety Benchmark Evaluation Project (ICSBEP) and published in the International Handbook of Evaluated Criticality Safety Benchmark Experiments. This work has increased the number of published IEU benchmark configurations from 125 to the current total of 261. An overview of the experiments, a description of the evaluations and a summary of the benchmark models are provided. Sample calculational results obtained with the Monte Carlo codes MONK and MCNP, using the JEF-2.2 and ENDF/B-VII.0 nuclear data-sets are presented. In order to analyse the data, a novel data assimilation technique employing Kalman filtering is derived. This uses sensitivity data, relating changes in the neutron multiplication parameter keff , to perturbations in the underlying nuclear data. The sensitivity module of MONK, used to obtain these data, is compared to similar codes as part of an expert group study and is shown to give results in good agreement. Also utilised are covariance matrices for uncertainties in the nuclear data, benchmark keff and the sensitivity data itself-the sources of these data are explained. The assimilation scheme is tested using a sample set of benchmark experiments to demonstrate its functionality. The newly developed IEU benchmarks are used with the assimilation scheme coupled to MONK, in order to calculate adjustments to the ENDF/B-VII.0 nuclear data. Similar, independent benchmarks are also selected for use in the analysis, eliminating those which show significant statistical inconsistencies. Conclusions are drawn from this analysis; regions for consideration of the nuclear data are discussed and computational biases and associated trends in the calculated keff data are provided. Finally, suggestions for further work are described; these include further expansion of benchmark data, software developments, alternative data assimilation methods and possible design properties for future integral experiments.
D6.1 Guideline of IMOCO4.E Methodology and Toolchains
Creators: name: Kuppens, Hans
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: The deliverable describes the first iteration of methodology supporting the integration and utilization of the IMOCO4.E components from the perspectives of the different industrial stakeholders. It will focus on tentative employment of model-based techniques in mechatronics system design.
Gravity in a Box
Creators: name: Lykken, Joseph
name: Myers, Robert C.
name: Wang, Jing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a brane-world construction which incorporates a finite region of flat space, ``the box,'' surrounded by a region of anti-de Sitter space. This hybrid construction provides a framework which interpolates between the scenario proposed by Arkani-Hamed, Dimopoulos and Dvali, and that proposed by Randall and Sundrum. Within this composite framework, we investigate the effects of resonant modes on four-dimensional gravity. We also show that, on a probe brane in the anti-de Sitter region, there is enhanced production of on-shell nonresonant modes. We compare our model to some recent attempts to incorporate the Randall-Sundrum scenario into superstring theory.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure
Long term Experience in Autonomous Stations and production quality control
Creators: name: Lopes, L.
name: Alves, A. B.
name: Assis, P.
name: Blanco, A.
name: Carolino, N.
name: Cerda, M. A.
name: Conceição, R.
name: Cunha, O.
name: Dobrigkeit, C.
name: Ferreira, M.
name: Fonte, P.
name: de Almeida, L.
name: Luz, R.
name: Martins, V. B.
name: Mendes, L.
name: Nogueira, J. C.
name: Pereira, A.
name: Pimenta, M.
name: Sarmento, R.
name: de Souza, V.
name: Tomé, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large area arrays composed by dispersed stations are of major importance in experiments where Extended Air Shower (EAS) sampling is necessary. In those dispersed stations is mandatory to have detectors that requires very low maintenance and shows good resilience to environmental conditions. In 2012 our group started to work in RPCs that could become acceptable candidates to operate within these conditions. Since that time, more than 30 complete detectors were produced, tested and installed in different places, both indoor and outdoor. The data and analysis to be presented is manly related to the tests made in the Auger site, where two RPCs are under test in real conditions for more than two years. The results confirm the capability to operate such kind of RPCs for long time periods under harsh conditions at a stable efficiency. In the last years Lip and USP - São Carlos start collaboration that aim to install an Eng. Array at BATATA (Auger) site to better study and improve the resilience and performance of the RPCs in outdoor experiments. The organization of such collaboration and the work done so far will be presented.
A p-Multigrid Strategy with Anisotropic p-Adaptation Based on Truncation Errors for High-Order Discontinuous Galerkin Methods
Creators: name: Rueda-Ramírez, Andrés M.
name: Manzanero, Juan
name: Ferrer, Esteban
name: Rubio, Gonzalo
name: Valero, Eusebio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: High-order DG methods have become a popular technique in computational fluid dynamics because their accuracy increases spectrally in smooth solutions with the order of the approximation. However, their main drawback is that increasing the order also increases the computational cost. Several techniques have been introduced in the past to reduce this cost. On the one hand, local mesh adaptation strategies based on error estimation have been proposed to reduce the number of degrees of freedom while keeping a similar accuracy. On the other hand, multigrid solvers may accelerate time marching computations for a fixed number of degrees of freedom. In this paper, we combine both methods and present a novel anisotropic p-adaptation multigrid algorithm for steady-state problems that uses the multigrid scheme both as a solver and as an anisotropic error estimator. To achieve this, we show that a recently developed anisotropic truncation error estimator [\textit{Rueda-Ramírez et al., Truncation Error Estimation in the p-Anisotropic DGSEM, J. of Scientific Computing}] is perfectly suited to be performed inside the multigrid cycle with negligible extra cost. Furthermore, we introduce a multi-stage p-adaptation procedure which reduces the computational time when very accurate results are required. The proposed methods are tested for the compressible Navier-Stokes equations, where we investigate two cases: the 2D flow on a flat plate is studied to assess accuracy and computational cost of the algorithm, where a speed-up of 816 is achieved compared to the traditional explicit method; and the 3D flow around a sphere is simulated and used to test the anisotropic properties of the proposed method, where a speed-up of 152 is achieved compared to the explicit method. The proposed multi-stage procedure achieved a speed-up of 2.6 in comparison to the single-stage method in highly accurate simulations.
MOESM1 of Angiotensin II Downregulates MicroRNA-145 to Regulate Kruppel-like Factor 4 and Myocardin Expression in Human Coronary Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells under High Glucose Conditions
Creators: name: Kou-Gi Shyu
name: Cheng, Wen-Ping
name: Wang, Bao-Wei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary material, approximately 2.88 MB.
Submerged Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactors: Fouling, Phage Removal and Flowsheet Models
Creators: name: Fox, Rachel Alison
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2012

description: This thesis focuses on the Submerged Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor (SAMBR). The aim of this work was threefold; firstly, to investigate the effect of certain system parameters on membrane fouling in the SAMBR; secondly, to monitor phage removal in the SAMBR; and, finally to assess the viability of anaerobic wastewater treatment processes (including the SAMBR) to treat domestic sewage (rather than sludge) for full scale operations in the UK. Using a Kubota flat sheet membrane with 0.4μm pores, the critical flux was found to be 11.8 lm-2h-1 (litres per meter squared per hour or LMH), similar to those found by other researchers. The existence of a critical gassing rate was investigated (‘there exists a critical gassing rate which when reached causes a steep rise in transmembrane pressure (TMP)’), and was determined to be 4 litres per minute (LPM) or 2.4 m3m-2h-1; more interestingly, this appeared to happen at the changeover between a slug flow regime and bubble flow. The viscosity of the biomass in the SAMBR was found to be 2.5 times greater than water with the colloid fraction having the largest impact on the overall viscosity. The build-up of foulants on the membrane was thought to be the cause of a 10 fold increase in molecular weight cut off that was observed after operation beyond the critical flux and gassing rate. In addition, after extensive fouling some removal of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) was observed from 3.35% acetate removal to 5.9% removal of isovalerate, and this was not likely to be due to degradation across the membrane, but was thought to be due to electrostatic repulsion by the biofilm. The removal of bacteriophages by the SAMBR was used as a model for the removal of pathogenic viruses. Before critical operation (and the resulting jump in TMP), the smallest phage (MS-2) showed removals of between 1.8 - 2.1 log removal value (LRV), while the larger T4 phage showed removals from 5.1 - 5.3 log. Once critical operation had occurred, and the TMP increased, the T4 phage had a log removal greater than 7. The MS-2 phage, after operation beyond the critical parameters, showed a log removal dependence on the gas scouring rate. The LRV varied from 3.0 at a low gassing rate up to 5.5 at the highest gas scour, and this was thought to be due to concentration polarisation effects. The effect of activated carbon on phage removal was also investigated; while PAC had little effect, the addition of GAC to the SAMBR actually caused an increase in phage throughput. Finally, a range of potential flowsheets for anaerobic wastewater treatment were modelled. It can be concluded from this work that anaerobic treatment is a practical and promising alternative to conventional activated sludge plants. In addition, the SAMBR was found to be the most favourable anaerobic unit. However, it was noted that there is still a lack of full scale data for this unit, thus further emphasising the importance of research into this technology.
D-brane dynamics
Creators: name: Bachas, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I calculate the semiclassical phase shift ($δ$), as function of impact parameter ($b$) and velocity ($v$), when one D-brane moves past another. From its low-velocity expansion I show that, for torroidal compactifications, the moduli space of two identical D-branes stays flat to all orders in $α^\prime$. For K3 compactifications, the calculation of the D-brane moduli-space metric can be mapped to a dual gauge-coupling renormalization problem. In the ultrarelativistic regime, the absorptive part of the phase shift grows as if the D-branes were black disks of area $\sim α^\prime ln{1\over 1-v^2}$. The scattering of large fundamental strings shares all the above qualitative features. A side remark concerns the intriguing duality between limiting electric fields and the speed of light.
description: 11 pages, latex. References and some extra comments added
Gauge Symmetry and Localized Gravity in M Theory
Creators: name: Kaloper, Nemanja
name: Silverstein, Eva
name: Susskind, Leonard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the possibility of having gravity ``localized'' in dimension d in a system where gauge bosons propagate in dimension d+1. In such a circumstance - depending on the rate of falloff of the field strengths in d dimensions - one might expect the gauge symmetry in d+1 dimensions to behave like a global symmetry in d dimensions, despite the presence of gravity. Naive extrapolation of warped long-wavelength solutions of general relativity coupled to scalars and gauge fields suggests that such an effect might be possible. However, in some basic realizations of such solutions in M theory, we find that this effect does not persist microscopically. It turns over either to screening or the Higgs mechanism at long distances in the d-dimensional description of the system. We briefly discuss the physics of charged objects in this type of system.
description: 14 pages, harvmac big. v2: typos corrected
Localized Instabilities of Klebanoff Streaks and the Influence of Time-Harmonic Wall Forcing on Bypass Transition
Creators: name: Hack, Philipp
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: This dissertation addresses two central aspects of bypass transition to turbulence. In the first part, streak instabilities, often referred to as harbingers of breakdown to turbulence, are investigated by means of direct stability analysis. The base flow is computed in direct simulations of bypass transition. The random nature of the free-stream perturbations causes the formation of a spectrum of streaks inside the boundary layer, with breakdown to turbulence preceded by the amplification of localized instabilities of individual streaks. Detailed analyses of two common types of instabilities are performed. The capability of the instability analysis to quantitatively capture the properties of the instabilities observed in the DNS and to identify the particular streaks that break down to turbulence farther downstream is established. Finally, the influence of pressure gradients on the growth of the instabilities is investigated. The second part of the work establishes a novel mechanism for the suppression of bypass breakdown by means of time-harmonic wall forcing. DNS studies show that at the optimal forcing parameters, a substantial stabilization of the laminar flow regime is achieved. The Reynolds number at the onset of fully-turbulent flow increases by a factor of more than three compared to an unforced reference case. Transition delay is attributed to a material weakening of boundary layer streaks. The underlying flow physics are explained through linear analyses. Studies of free-stream disturbances show that the shielding of the boundary layer from external vortical perturbations is significantly increased in presence of the forcing. Furthermore, optimal growth computations demonstrate a substantial reduction of the achievable energy gain through the nonmodal growth mechanism associated with the formation of boundary layer streaks. Stability analyses nonetheless show that forcing with high amplitudes gives rise to an inviscid instability that swiftly undermines the stabilizing effect on the transition process.