cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Two-Loop QED Bound-State Calculations and Squared Decay Rates
Creators: name: Jentschura, Ulrich D.
name: Keitel, Christoph H.
name: Pachucki, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the epsilon-method as used in various recent QED bound-state calculations by considering mathematical model examples. Recently obtained results for higher-order self-energy binding corrections at the two-loop level are reviewed. Problems associated with the interpretation of squared decay rates as radiative bound-state energy level shifts are discussed. We briefly expand on the relation of squared decay rates to nonresonant and radiative corrections to the Lorentzian line shape, including their dependence on the experimental process under study.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures, LaTeX
The Economic Challenge of Mitigating Climate Change through Forestry Activities
Creators: name: Van Kooten, G. Cornelis
name: Van Kooten, G. Cornelis
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Carbon offsets
subject: Bioenergy
subject: Forest economics

description: In this study, the price of carbon offset credits is used for incentivizing a reduction in the release of CO2 emissions and an increase in sequestration of CO2 through forestry activities. A forest management model representative of the southern interior of British Columbia is described. The objective is to maximize net discounted returns to commercial timber operations plus the benefits of managing carbon fluxes. The model tracks carbon in living trees, organic matter, and post-harvest carbon pools. The decision about which forestry activities generate carbon offset credits and how many is essentially a political and not a scientific one.
PHENIX Highlights
Creators: name: Frawley, A. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent highlights of measurements by the PHENIX experiment at RHIC are presented.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures. Talk at Quark Matter 2004
title: The Contribution of Spleen Tyrosine Kinase to the Pathobiology of Alzheimer’s Disease
Creators: name: Schweig, Jonas Elias
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2018

description: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that accounts for most cases of dementia. The pathological hallmarks of AD include extracellular A-beta plaques, intracellular tau accumulations or neurofibrillary tangles, as well as neuroinflammation. As of 2018, there exists no disease modifying treatment for AD and the cause of sporadic AD remains elusive. We investigated the contribution of the spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK) in AD pathobiology. Syk is wellknown for its involvement in B-cell receptor (BCR) signaling but our previous data have demonstrated that SYK is also involved in tau yperphosphorylation and A-beta production, therefore suggesting that SYK could contribute to the formation of AD pathological lesions.

The goals of our present studies were to determine whether SYK activation occurs in the brain of mouse models of AD and investigate whether the levels of SYK activation vary with the amount of AD pathological lesions. In addition, we aimed to examine the role of SYK in the autophagic degradation of tau via the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in vitro and in vivo. We investigated SYK activation in different age-groups of A-beta and tau overexpressing mice, as well as human AD specimens. We characterized the activation of SYK in relation to AD pathological lesions including amyloid plaques, activated microglia and astroglia, as well as hyperphosphorylated tau. In addition, our mechanistic in vitro experiments delineated SYK as a regulator of autophagic tau degradation via the mTOR pathway. These data were confirmed in an in vivo study, assessing the effects of a 12-week chronic SYK inhibition on tau burden, neurodegeneration, behavior, and neuroinflammation in a mouse model with established tauopathy.

Identifying new targets like SYK that act downstream of A-beta and tau and in turn exacerbate these known pathologies, is crucial to find a treatment for AD.
Bioenergy crops production in Italy: environmental impacts and economic performances
Creators: name: Forleo, Maria Bonaventura
name: Palmieri, Nadia
name: Suardi, Alessandro
name: Coaloa, Domenico
name: Pari, Luigi
name: Forleo, Maria Bonaventura
name: Palmieri, Nadia
name: Suardi, Alessandro
name: Coaloa, Domenico
name: Pari, Luigi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Attributional Life Cycle Assessment (ALCA), Rapeseed, Sunflower, Agricultural processes, Eco-efficiency ratio

description: Bioenergy crops production in Italy: environmental impacts and economic performances
Use ion beam techniques to study the coupling between air and its relative humidity on iron corrosion under irradiation
Creators: name: Lapuerta, S.
name: Moncoffre, N.
name: Bérerd, N.
name: Jaffrézic, H.
name: Millard-Pinard, N.
name: Crusset, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, the role of air humidity on the iron corrosion under irradiation is studied in the context of geological disposal of nuclear wastes. The irradiation experiments are performed at room temperature using a 3 MeV extracted proton beam with a 10 nA intensity. Different atmospheres are studied: Humid air with a relative humidity (RH) fixed at 45 %, dry air and a $^{15}N\_2$ atmosphere (45% RH). The hydrogen and oxygen distribution profiles at the iron surface in contact with atmosphere are measured by using respectively ERDA (Elastic Recoil Detection Analysis) and RBS (Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry) analysis. From these experiments it is clearly demonstrated that the coupling of O$\_2$+H$\_2$O enhances iron oxidation whereas for iron hydrogenation, humidity is sufficient whatever the atmosphere. An interpretation is given, which is based on the reaction mechanisms and the species formed by air ionisation.
Estimating oligopsony power on two vertically integrated markets
Creators: name: Grau, Aaron Stephan Alexander
name: Hockmann, Heinrich
name: Grau, Aaron Stephan Alexander
name: Hockmann, Heinrich
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Dairy
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Market Power
subject: Supply Chain.

description: The paper develops a new approach for the estimation of oligopsony power on two vertically integrated markets. The two subsequent markets with oligopsony power are structurally modelled. Deduced price equations are embedded in a VECM, transformed and estimated via the Kalman-Filter to allow for time-variation in the cointegration parameters. A dynamic factor model extracts common factors from the time-varying coefficients and thereby allows identification of buyers’ market power on both markets. The framework is applied to the German dairy supply chain. Results indicate lower levels of market imperfections on the raw milk and higher levels on the dairy output market.
Perish or prosper: Trade patterns for highly perishable products
Creators: name: Vårdal, Erling
name: Asche, Frank
name: Straume, Hans-Martin
name: Vårdal, Erling
name: Asche, Frank
name: Straume, Hans-Martin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Salmon
subject: Gravity model
subject: Margins of trade
subject: Perishable products

description: Trade with highly perishable agricultural products like fresh fish has increased substantially. The perishability of these products appears to challenge conventional wisdom when it comes to food trade, which emphasizes the importance of large shipments to reduce transportation costs. In this paper, gravity models and several margins of trade are estimated for the trade with fresh salmon, a highly perishable product. The results indicate that increased geographical distance have a larger negative effect than what is generally reported. Most interestingly, the number of exporters and the shipment frequency increase while there is little impact on shipment size when trade increase.
Correlation of in vivo positron emission tomography and in vitro autoradiography measurements using radiotracers for the dopamine system
Creators: name: Palmer, Kasandra Lynne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Positron emission tomography (PET) is a noninvasive imaging technique that allows visualization of physiological function in living, conscious beings. In the field of Parkinson's disease (PD), PET is used in both basic and clinical research to provide insights into PD pathophysiology. Most importantly, it allows longitudinal analysis of disease progression and exploration of the compensatory neurochemical changes associated with long-term treatment or surgical intervention. Although the popularity of PET is increasing, the validation of many of the tracers in human use is lacking. Few studies have attempted to correlate the in vivo PET data with actual physiological processes. Elements of physiological processes are often measured in vitro by autoradiography (ARG) to eliminate confounding factors such as competition between the tracer and endogenous ligand. This study examines the relationship between PET and ARG measurements obtained with the same tracers, which target components of the dopamine system, in an MPTP non-human primate model of PD. Both presynaptic and postsynaptic tracers were examined in the same individuals representing a wide range of MPTP-induced clinical severity. PET and ARG measurements were also compared to behavioural assessment scores rating the severity of PD-like motor symptoms. PET binding potentials and ARG binding values obtained using the presynaptic tracers [ ¹¹C]DTBZ, [¹¹C]MP, and [³H]WIN 35,428 correlated significantly with each other and with behavioural assessments. In contrast, PET and ARG using the postsynaptic tracers raclopride and SCH-23390 labeled with either [¹¹C] or [³H] correlated weakly or not at all with each other and with behavioural scores. The results of this study suggest that both PET and ARG using presynaptic tracers provide comparable insights into disease pathophysiology and can evaluate clinical severity over a wide range of PD severity. They also raise awareness of the high individual variability in D1 and D2 dopamine receptor binding with progression of PD. These findings support the utility of PET using presynaptic tracers as a valuable brain imaging technique.
Conditional As-If Analyses in Randomized Experiments
Creators: name: Pashley, Nicole E.
name: Basse, Guillaume W.
name: Miratrix, Luke W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The injunction to `analyze the way you randomize' is well-known to statisticians since Fisher advocated for randomization as the basis of inference. Yet even those convinced by the merits of randomization-based inference seldom follow this injunction to the letter. Bernoulli randomized experiments are often analyzed as completely randomized experiments, and completely randomized experiments are analyzed as if they had been stratified; more generally, it is not uncommon to analyze an experiment as if it had been randomized differently. This paper examines the theoretical foundation behind this practice within a randomization-based framework. Specifically, we ask when is it legitimate to analyze an experiment randomized according to one design as if it had been randomized according to some other design. We show that a sufficient condition for this type of analysis to be valid is that the design used for analysis be derived from the original design by an appropriate form of conditioning. We use our theory to justify certain existing methods, question others, and finally suggest new methodological insights such as conditioning on approximate covariate balance.
The Changing Organization and Well-Being of Midsize U.S. Farms, 1992-2014
Creators: name: Burns, Christopher
name: Kuhns, Ryan
name: Burns, Christopher
name: Kuhns, Ryan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Farm Management
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Government payments
subject: gross cash farm income
subject: household income
subject: farm exits
subject: farm financial performance
subject: farm operators
subject: farm structure
subject: farm survival
subject: farm type
subject: midsize farms
subject: value of production

description: This study uses data from the Census of Agriculture and the Agricultural Resource Management Survey to investigate the well-being and changing organization of U.S. midsize farms from 1992 to 2014. During this period, changes in midsize farms reflect a farm economy experiencing rapid technological development, rising costs of produc - tion, and the increasing profitability of larger farms. While the number of midsize farm operations has declined slightly since 1992, they constituted 21 percent of total production in 2014. During the study period, total production on midsize farms has shifted toward grain and oilseed crops, hogs, and poultry and away from dairy and high-value crops. The households operating midsize farms have been transformed as well, enjoying more diversified income portfolios and much higher net worth. Moreover, midsize farms have less debt relative to their assets. Using census data from 2007 and 2012, the authors find that one-third of midsize farms saw their income increase or decrease by more than 50 percent. During this same period, Government payments played a small but positive role in the survival of midsize cash-grain and oilseed farms. One common growth pathway for these farms that increased in size from 2007 to 2012 was renting greater amounts of land.
title: The aerodynamic control of the v-type vertical axis wind turbine
Creators: name: Robotham, Antony John
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1989

description: The V-type vertical axis wind turbine (V-VAWT) is of simple design and construction, has a low aerodynamic efficiency, yet its originators consider that it will be a cost effective configuration in electricity generation applications. However, the quality and reliability of its power output must be ensured; this necessarily requires continual control of rotor speed and power. The initial V-VAWT investigations of Sharpe and Taylor, and methods of wind turbine control are reviewed. Partial-span pitch angle variation is considered the most promising option, and the systematic investigation of this control method in V-VAWT applications is reported. This work includes the design, construction and performance testing of a small V-VAWT with pitching blade tips. The tests showed that rotor power can be regulated with small blade tip areas, however, correlation between the measured and theoretical results was not good. Wind tunnel test were undertaken to determine the characteristics of the NACA0025 aerofoil used for the model blades. Performance predictions using this data showed better correlation between experimental and- theoretical results. This has allowed the theoretical model to be used with confidence for predicting the performance of larger V-VAWTs with partial-span pitch control. A theoretical model of the dynamic behaviour of a V-VAWT generator integrated with an electricity supply network has been developed and embodied in the computer program DYNVAWT. This program has allowed the dynamic behaviour of a 5kW sized V-VAWT to be simulated, and an active control strategy developed. The simulation studies show that active partial-span pitch control ensures the quality and reliability of the electricity supply can be maintained even when the V-VAWT is operating in turbulent wind conditions.
A criterion for homeomorphism between closed Haken manifolds
Creators: name: Derbez, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M50, 51H20

description: In this paper we consider two connected closed Haken manifolds denoted by M^3 and N^3, with the same Gromov simplicial volume. We give a simple homological criterion to decide when a given map f: M^3-->N^3 between M^3 and N^3 can be changed by a homotopy to a homeomorphism. We then give a convenient process for constructing maps between M^3 and N^3 satisfying the homological hypothesis of the map f.
description: Published by Algebraic and Geometric Topology at http://www.maths.warwick.ac.uk/agt/AGTVol3/agt-3-12.abs.html
title: Image processing techniques in nuclear medicine
Creators: name: Whalley, David R.
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1989

description: The application of image processing techniques to radionuclide images acquired on a gamma camera - computer system has been investigated.

Hepatic perfusion imaging studies with 99Tcm-tin colloid were performed in patients with primary colorectal carcimma. The hepatic perfusion index performed poorly in the detection of those patients with occult or overt hepatic metastastes, as did mean transit times of liver colloid flow derived from deconvolution analysis. A discriminant function was developed which separated those patients with occult metastases from those without liver disease.

A fully automatic algorithm to derive a left ventricular edge from each frame of an ECG gated cardiac blood pool study was developed and validated in patient studies. Left ventricular ejection fractions calculated from count rates within the edge were reproducible and correlated well with ejection fractions derived from the same images by a manual technique, and with ejection fractions derived from left ventricular cineangiography.

Studies were performed in patients to evaluate the effectiveness of tomographic imaging of the myocardial perfusion imaging agent 99Tcm-tBIN for detection of ischaemic heart disease. Tomographic reconstructions in the planes of the axes of the left ventricle gave better results than transaxial reconstructions or planar imaging. Choice of the optimum reconstruction filter for use in tomography using 99Tcm-tBIN was examined by means of patient am phantom studies. These showed that more accurate diagnoses and better reconstructions were obtained with smoothing filters than by the use of sharp reconstruction filters.

This work shows that optimum image processing techniques must be established to attain the best possible results with new radiopharmaceuticals for nuclear medicine investigations.
Sex-specific differences in trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) concentrations before and after cardiac rehabilitation in acute myocardial infarction patients
Creators: name: Baranyi, Andreas
name: Meinitzer, Andreas
name: Von Lewinski, Dirk
name: Rothenhäusler, Hans-Bernd
name: Amouzadeh-Ghadikolai, Omid
name: Harpf, Hanns
name: Harpf, Leonhard
name: Traninger, Heimo
name: Hödl, Ronald
name: Harb, Birgit M.
name: Obermayer-Pietsch, Barbara
name: Schweinzer, Melanie
name: Braun, Celine K.
name: Enko, Dietmar
Publisher: name: IfADo - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund
Year: 2022
Subjects: trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO)
acute myocardial infarction
sex differences

description: Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a biomarker of cardiovascular risk and may enhance the progression of atherosclerosis. The aim of the study was to determine whether there are sex-specific differences in TMAO concentrations before and after cardiac rehabilitation in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. A total of 56 participants [45/56 (80.4 %) males, 11/56 (19.6 %) females] were drawn from AMI inpatients hospitalized at the Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Austria. For the assessment of TMAO, serum samples were collected within the first day after hospital admission due to AMI and at the start and end of cardiac rehabilitation. Shortly after hospital admission due to AMI, females had significantly higher TMAO blood concentrations than males. These initially high TMAO levels remained almost unchanged in the female AMI patients until the start of cardiac rehabilitation and only reached the lower TMAO concentrations observed in the male patients after rehabilitation [female patients: TMAO (acute myocardial infarction) = 5.93 μmol/L (SE = 1.835); TMAO (start of rehabilitation) = 5.68 μmol/L (SE = 1.217); TMAO (end of rehabilitation) = 3.89 μmol/L (SE = 0.554); male patients: TMAO (acute myocardial infarction) = 3.02 μmol/L (SE = 0.255), TMAO (start of rehabilitation) = 3.91 μmol/L (SE = 0.346), TMAO (end of rehabilitation) = 4.04 μmol/L (SE = 0.363)]. After AMI, women might be at higher cardiovascular risk due to persistently higher levels of TMAO. High TMAO levels in women might decrease after cardiac rehabilitation due to cardiac rehabilitation-associated lifestyle modifications. These lifestyle modifications after AMI might also prevent increases in TMAO concentrations in men.
description: EXCLI Journal; 21:Doc1; ISSN 1611-2156
Catering to Diversity: Visual Methods for Inclusive Education Practices
Creators: name: Oliveira, Jorge
Publisher: name: Empowerverse Media & Communication Agency
Year: 2024
Subjects: visual methods
inclusive education
diverse learning

description: In a world marked by diverse learners and learning styles, inclusive education has become more than just a desired aim; it's an essential pillar of effective pedagogy. Creating equitable learning opportunities for all students, regardless of their backgrounds, abilities, or learning styles, necessitates catering to these diversities. This article explores the transformative potential of visual methods in achieving this goal. How can educators leverage visual methods to create inclusive learning environments that cater to diverse learning styles and needs?
Force approach for the pseudopotential lattice Boltzmann method
Creators: name: Czelusniak, L. E.
name: Mapelli, V. P.
name: Guzella, M. S.
name: Cabezas-Gómez, L.
name: Wagner, Alexander J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pseudopotential method is one of the most popular extensions of the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) for phase change and multiphase flow simulation. One attractive feature of the original proposed method consists on its simplicity of adding a force dependent on a nearest-neighbor potential function, which became known as the Shan-Chen interaction force. Some of the well known drawbacks implied by this method involves lack of thermodynamic consistency and impossibility to control the surface tension independently. In order to correct these deficiencies, different approaches were developed in the literature, such as multirange interactions potential, which involves larger stencils than nearest-neighbor approach, and modified forcing schemes. In this work, a strategy is developed to control the liquid-gas density ratio and the surface tension by means of an appropriate interaction force field using only nearest-neighbor interactions. The proposed procedure is devised starting from the desired pressure tensor, which allow for the control of the equilibrium multiphase properties such as liquid-gas coexistence curve and surface tension. Then, it is shown how to derive an external force field able to replicate the effects of this pressure tensor in the macroscopic conservation equations. The final step of our procedure is implementing this external force in the LBE by using the classical Guo forcing scheme. Numerical tests regarding static and dynamic flow conditions were performed. Results obtained from simulations showed good agreement with expected analytical values. Most divergent solution observed was the droplet oscillation period under certain flow conditions, which deviated 9% from expected analytical result. The observed results corroborate that the proposed method is able to replicate the desired macroscopic multiphase behaviour.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Household Food Security in the United States in 2015
Creators: name: Coleman-Jensen, Alisha
name: Rabbitt, Matthew P.
name: Gregory, Christian A.
name: Singh, Anita
name: Coleman-Jensen, Alisha
name: Rabbitt, Matthew P.
name: Gregory, Christian A.
name: Singh, Anita
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Public Economics
subject: Food security, food insecurity, food spending, food pantry, soup kitchen, emergency kitchen, material well-being, material hardship, Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, SNAP, Food Stamp Program, National School Lunch Program, Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children, WIC

description: An estimated 87.3 percent of American households were food secure throughout the entire year in 2015, meaning that they had access at all times to enough food for an active, healthy life for all household members. The remaining households (12.7 percent) were food inse - cure at least some time during the year, including 5.0 percent with very low food security, meaning that the food intake of one or more household members was reduced and their eating patterns were disrupted at times during the year because the household lacked money and other resources for food. Declines from 2014 in food insecurity overall and in very low food security were statistically significant. The prevalence rate of food insecurity overall declined from 14.0 percent in 2014, and very low food security declined from 5.6 percent in 2014. Food insecurity among children and very low food security among children also declined significantly from 2014. Children and adults were food insecure in 7.8 percent of households with children in 2015, down from 9.4 percent in 2014. Very low food security among children was 0.7 percent in 2015, down from 1.1 percent in 2014. In 2015, the typical food-secure household spent 27 percent more on food than the typical food-insecure house - hold of the same size and household composition. About 59 percent of food-insecure house - holds participated in one or more of the three largest Federal food and nutrition assistance programs during the month prior to the 2015 survey.
Comment on "Impossibility of distant indirect measurement of the quantum Zeno effect"
Creators: name: Wallentowitz, S.
name: Toschek, P. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the paper by M. Hotta and M. Morikawa [Phys. Rev. A 69, 052114 (2004)] the non-existence of the quantum Zeno effect caused by indirect measurements has been claimed. It is shown here that the pertinent proof is incorrect, and the claim unfounded.
description: 2 pages, to be published in Phys. Rev. A, comment on quant-ph/0310090
The Effects of the Margin Protection Program for Dairy Producers
Creators: name: Mark, Tyler B.
name: Burdine, Kenneth H.
name: Cessna, Jerry
name: Dohlman, Erik
name: Mark, Tyler B.
name: Burdine, Kenneth H.
name: Cessna, Jerry
name: Dohlman, Erik
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Dairy
subject: dairy policy
subject: margin protection program
subject: risk management
subject: LGM–Dairy
subject: insurance
subject: MPP-Dairy

description: The Margin Protection Program for Dairy Producers is a voluntary risk-management program for dairy farmers—it offers protection when the national average margin (the difference between the U.S. all-milk price and the estimated average feed cost) falls below a level selected by the dairy farmer. This study examines the potential impact of the program on average margins and risk at different levels of coverage for both the protected margin ($4.00-$8.00 per hundredweight) and the percentage of production history covered (25-90 percent). Margins are constructed for 13 major production regions, and risk-reduction levels are assessed using regional milk and feed prices as though the program had been in place during 2002-13. Results suggest that small operations (those with a 4-million-pound production history) would have seen increases in average margins and reductions in downside margin risk with more milk covered at higher coverage levels. Larger operations (those with a production history of 20 or 40 million pounds) would have generally seen increases in average margins when protected up to the $6.50 level, with margins being maximized at $6.00 coverage.
Ford Multi-AV Seasonal Dataset
Creators: name: Agarwal, Siddharth
name: Vora, Ankit
name: Pandey, Gaurav
name: Williams, Wayne
name: Kourous, Helen
name: McBride, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a challenging multi-agent seasonal dataset collected by a fleet of Ford autonomous vehicles at different days and times during 2017-18. The vehicles traversed an average route of 66 km in Michigan that included a mix of driving scenarios such as the Detroit Airport, freeways, city-centers, university campus and suburban neighbourhoods, etc. Each vehicle used in this data collection is a Ford Fusion outfitted with an Applanix POS-LV GNSS system, four HDL-32E Velodyne 3D-lidar scanners, 6 Point Grey 1.3 MP Cameras arranged on the rooftop for 360-degree coverage and 1 Pointgrey 5 MP camera mounted behind the windshield for the forward field of view. We present the seasonal variation in weather, lighting, construction and traffic conditions experienced in dynamic urban environments. This dataset can help design robust algorithms for autonomous vehicles and multi-agent systems. Each log in the dataset is time-stamped and contains raw data from all the sensors, calibration values, pose trajectory, ground truth pose, and 3D maps. All data is available in Rosbag format that can be visualized, modified and applied using the open-source Robot Operating System (ROS). We also provide the output of state-of-the-art reflectivity-based localization for bench-marking purposes. The dataset can be freely downloaded at our website.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, Submitted to International Journal of Robotics Research (IJRR), Visit website at https://avdata.ford.com
title: Telecommunications networks for remote electricity supply metering and load control
Creators: name: Brown, Paul Anthony
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1990

description: The aims and objectives of this thesis are to investigate remote electricity supply metering and load control in terms of the now availble UK Electricity Supply Industry (ESI) private and national telecommunications networks, the intelligent building, the home computer and domestic energy management concepts. This work commences with an overview of private telecommunications systems utilised within the U.K. electricity supply industry together with those network services provided by Public Telecommunications Service Operators (PTO's) for customer access (Chapters 1 and 2). The thesis continues by describing the meter reading and billing processes (Chapter 3) and introduces the concepts of remote metering, the consumer billing interface (Chapters 4 and 5), load control and spot pricing theory (Chapter 6). A review of recent load control and remote metering field trials, conducted in the UK, including feasibility studies are then detailed (Chapter 7). A mathematical analysis of two basic approaches to the principle of 'idle-line' working is also considered (Chapter 7). The 'intelligent home' concept and the customer billing interface are then considered in conjunction with the development of a 'home computer' applications strategy (Chapter 8). The development of text, communications and control simulation on the BBC microcomputer, are then detailed by reference to the 'Adaptive Microprocessor based System for Experimentation in the Transmission of Text' (AMTEXT) developed to test the feasibility of the home computer applications strategy developed in Chapter 8 (Chapter 9). The concept of 'idle-time working is then introduced coupled with the concept of 'integration' by way of the national telecommunications network services. Proposals for a Modular Integrated Data Aquisition System (MIDAS) are then considered as a means of illustrating a practical application of both integration and idle-time working (Chapter 10). The thesis continues by considering network integrity, security and reliability in terms of network architecture and the development of a strategy for quantifying network resilience as a design parameter (Chapter 11). Finally, the thesis concludes by summarisirig the work undertaken and the results obtained with respect to the initial objectives, and details potential areas for further research.
Tables S1-S8 and Figures S1-S4 from Diel spatio-temporal patterns of humpback whale singing on a high-density breeding ground
Creators: name: Kügler, Anke
name: Lammers, Marc O.
name: Pack, Adam A.
name: Tenorio-Hallé, Ludovic
name: Thode, Aaron M.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310399
subject: Ecology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 310901
subject: Animal behaviour

description: Humpback whale song chorusing dominates the marine soundscape in Hawaiʻi during winter months, yet little is known about spatio-temporal habitat use patterns of singers. We analysed passive acoustic monitoring data from five sites off Maui and found that ambient noise levels associated with song chorusing decreased during daytime hours near shore but increased offshore. To resolve whether these changes reflect a diel offshore–onshore movement or a temporal difference in singing activity, data from 71 concurrently conducted land-based theodolite surveys were analysed. Non-calf pods (n = 3082), presumably including the majority of singers, were found further offshore with increasing time of the day. Separately, we acoustically localized 217 near shore singers using vector-sensors. During the day, distances to shore and minimum distances among singers increased, and singers switched more between being stationary and singing while travelling. Together, these findings suggest that the observed diel trends in humpback whale chorusing off Maui represent a pattern of active onshore–offshore movement of singers. We hypothesize that this may result from singers attempting to reduce intraspecific acoustic masking when densities are high near shore and avoidance of a loud, non-humpback, biological evening chorus offshore, creating a dynamic of movement of singers aimed at increasing the efficiency of their acoustic display.
The Stimulus Act of 2009 and Its Effect on Food-At-Home Spending by SNAP Participants
Creators: name: Tuttle, Charlotte
name: Tuttle, Charlotte
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: food spending
subject: SNAP
subject: Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program
subject: ARRA
subject: American Recovery and Reinvestment Act
subject: Southworth theory
subject: marginal propensity to spend

description: The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, commonly known as the Stimulus Act, increased maximum benefits for households that participate in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP, formerly the Food Stamp Program). In this analysis, SNAP households increased the food share of total expenditures by 1.44 percentage points after the increase in benefits and spent 53 cents of each additional dollar of SNAP benefits on food; this means that SNAP and cash income are not perfectly fungible. Neoclassical economic theory would predict a figure closer to 5-10 cents for each additional SNAP dollar. Thus, SNAP benefits provided a larger boost to food-expenditure share than an equal amount of cash. This report provides estimates of the marginal propensity to spend out of SNAP for vulnerable populations, including households at the lowest income level (under $15,000 annually), single-parent households, households with a member over age 65, and households with an unemployed member. In each subgroup but the elderly, households exhibited higher marginal propensities to spend on food out of SNAP than economic theory predicts, with the lowest income households demonstrating the highest marginal propensity to spend out of SNAP (0.62, or 62 cents for each additional dollar).
How Do Time and Money Affect Agricultural Insurance Uptake? A New Approach to Farm Risk Management Analysis
Creators: name: Farrin, Katie
name: Miranda, Mario J.
name: O'Donoghue, Erik
name: Farrin, Katie
name: Miranda, Mario J.
name: O'Donoghue, Erik
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: agricultural risk management
subject: crop insurance
subject: Federal Crop Insurance
subject: savings

description: Growth in the Federal crop insurance program, as well as in the use of crop insurance in de- veloping countries, highlights the policy importance of insurance as a risk-management tool for farmers. This report presents a new approach to the analysis of demand for crop insur- ance, which can better explain observed insurance coverage decisions among U.S. farmers and inform future discussion about crop insurance provisions in the Farm Bill. The findings indi- cate that when farmers have access to other financial mechanisms—primarily savings—their insurance decisions change. In addition, when researchers consider the element of time—for example, a farmer’s consideration of many crop seasons when making production and risk management decisions—predictions about farm-level demand for crop insurance will also change. Specifically, the authors find that, with savings, relatively wealthier farmers appear to spend less on insurance and self-insure through savings, while limited-resource farmers with low farm income use savings to increase insurance coverage. The more time a farmer factors into the decisionmaking process when comparing insurance versus savings for risk manage- ment, the less important insurance becomes. ---- Errata On August 11, 2016, a correction was made to the first sentence of the second paragraph of page 1. The original report stated the Federal Crop Insurance Reform Act (FCIRA) was passed in 1995, when, in fact, the Act was passed in 1994. While the changes to farm insurance as a result of FCIRA took effect in 1995, FCIRA became law in 1994.
The Analysis of Electrochemical Properties of Metal Protoporphyrins for the Reduction of Carbon Dioxide Via Engineered Metalloproteins, or How Not to Flood Beeghly
Creators: name: Haack, Sarah
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Description to be added
U.S. Households’ Demand for Convenience Foods
Creators: name: Okrent, Abigail M.
name: Kumcu, Aylin
name: Okrent, Abigail M.
name: Kumcu, Aylin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: convenience food
subject: processed
subject: food expenditure
subject: meal preparation
subject: fast food
subject: snack
subject: food demand

description: Over the past four decades, demand for foods that save households time in meal prepa - ration and cleanup (i.e., “convenience foods”) has grown in the United States. This has implications for dietary quality and health. But little is known about the drivers behind the growth in demand for such foods. One driver might be that Americans are purchasing more processed foods because of those foods’ declining market prices rela - tive to their less processed counterparts. Another driver might be that the most adver - tised foods are those that are the most convenient or that American households have little time for meal preparation because of labor-market participation. How declining incomes affect the demand for convenience may also be a driver. Between 1999 and 2010, changes in prices and total food expenditure drove most food-purchasing patterns. Meals and snacks at fast-food restaurants were also responsive to changes in advertising expenditures, while hours worked had little effect on demand for any foods.
title: The foundation, maintenance and management of a free grammar school in South Lancashire, 1520-1842
Creators: name: Percival, Eric
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1989

description: This thesis is a study of educational administration as exemplified by the foundation and maintenance of a free grammar school in Warrington, by Sir Thomas Boteler, 15th Lord of the Manor of Warrington, by his will (1520), its foundation (1526) and its governance up to 1842, ie to the onset of state intervention in the provision of education in the 19th century. The foundation's regulations established a basic administrative structure of a patron, a body of feoffees, and a schoolmaster. By the end of the 16th century, as a result of despoliation, the School was brought to a "ruinous" state, so that a decree from the Duchy Court of Lancaster (1607-10) was required to ensure its revival. In the 17th century, the feoffees failed to carry out the Duchy Court's injunctions concerning the management of the School's finances which were thenceforward assumed by the masters. This practice resulted in constant tension between masters and feoffees which continued until 1807 when the School's usefulness had so declined that some Warrington citizens, concerned that the foundation's terms were no longer being complied with, gave information from which a bill was filed in Chancery to rectify the maladministration of the Charity. This resulted in a judgement in 1814 which, in 1820, led to a series of rules which were an updating of the foundation's provisions, their most important reform being a revival of the responsibilities of the feoffees/trustees and an insistence on their accountability and documentation. The tension continued between the trustees and the schoolmaster, resulting in the resignation of the incumbent. Overall, the work is a study of the nature and origins of the problems encountered in making and maintaining schools and of the tensions arising from interested parties and wielders of influence who operate therein.
An Exploratory Study to Find Motives Behind Cross-platform Forks from Software Heritage Dataset
Creators: name: Bhattacharjee, Avijit
name: Nath, Sristy Sumana
name: Zhou, Shurui
name: Chakroborti, Debasish
name: Roy, Banani
name: Roy, Chanchal K.
name: Schneider, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The fork-based development mechanism provides the flexibility and the unified processes for software teams to collaborate easily in a distributed setting without too much coordination overhead.Currently, multiple social coding platforms support fork-based development, such as GitHub, GitLab, and Bitbucket. Although these different platforms virtually share the same features, they have different emphasis. As GitHub is the most popular platform and the corresponding data is publicly available, most of the current studies are focusing on GitHub hosted projects. However, we observed anecdote evidences that people are confused about choosing among these platforms, and some projects are migrating from one platform to another, and the reasons behind these activities remain unknown.With the advances of Software Heritage Graph Dataset (SWHGD),we have the opportunity to investigate the forking activities across platforms. In this paper, we conduct an exploratory study on 10popular open-source projects to identify cross-platform forks and investigate the motivation behind. Preliminary result shows that cross-platform forks do exist. For the 10 subject systems in this study, we found 81,357 forks in total among which 179 forks are on GitLab. Based on our qualitative analysis, we found that most of the cross-platform forks that we identified are mirrors of the repositories on another platform, but we still find cases that were created due to preference of using certain functionalities (e.g. Continuous Integration (CI)) supported by different platforms. This study lays the foundation of future research directions, such as understanding the differences between platforms and supporting cross-platform collaboration.
description: Accepted at 17th International Conference on Mining Software Repositories, October 5--6, 2020, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Understanding the Rise in Rural Child Poverty, 2003-14
Creators: name: Farrigan, Tracey
name: Hertz, Thomas
name: Farrigan, Tracey
name: Hertz, Thomas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Poverty
subject: rural child poverty
subject: nonmetropolitan poverty
subject: Current Population Survey
subject: American Community Survey
subject: income inequality
subject: average income
subject: recession
subject: recovery
subject: demographic change

description: According to official estimates, between 2003 and 2012, the share of rural children living in poor families rose from 20.1 percent to 26.7 percent, its highest level since at least 1968. According to ERS research, 35 percent of this increase in rural child poverty was due to declining average family income, 24 percent stemmed from demographically driven changes in the distribution of income, and the remaining 41 percent of the increase may be attributed to other changes in the distribution of income—namely, faster-than-average income declines for families near the poverty line—that cannot be explained by demographic shifts, and that occurred despite rising educational attainment. Between 2012 and 2014, average real incomes for urban and rural families with children grew by about 6 percent, approximately returning to their 2003 levels. This income growth has reduced poverty, but the rise in income inequality since 2003 has not been reversed, and this growing inequality has limited the extent of poverty reduction in both urban and rural counties. As a result, urban and rural child poverty rates remain 3 to 4 percentage points above their 2003 levels.
Strichartz estimates for the wave equation on a 2d model convex domain
Creators: name: Ivanovici, Oana
name: Lebeau, Gilles
name: Planchon, Fabrice
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35L20

description: We prove better Strichartz type estimates than expected from the (optimal) dispersion we obtained in our earlier work on a 2d convex model. This follows from taking full advantage of the space-time localization of caustics in the parametrix we obtain, despite their number increasing like the inverse square root of the distance from the source to the boundary. As a consequence, we improve known Strichartz estimates for the wave equation. Several improvements on our previous parametrix construction are obtained along the way and are of independent interest for further applications.
description: final version