cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Implementing the Ahafo Benefit Agreements: Seeking Meaningful Community Participation at Newmont’s Ahafo Gold Mine in Ghana
Creators: Boakye, Benjamin
Cascadden, Maggie
Kuschminder, Jordon
Szoke-Burke, Sam
Werker, Eric
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Land use--Planning--Citizen participation
Community development
Gold mines and mining

description: In 2008, ten communities in the Brong Ahafo region of Ghana entered into agreements with Newmont Ghana to govern company-community relations, ensure local job creation, and share the benefits of the company’s mining operations. Ten years later, this report, co-authored by Canadian International Resources and Development Institute (CIRDI), African Center for Energy Policy (ACEP), CCSI, and ISP, looks at the communities’ experience of those agreements and suggests how the agreements might be improved. Though the agreements were celebrated for their attempts to include all stakeholders in decision-making, challenges remain around representation, consultation, and participation. New entities established to facilitate multi-stakeholder decision-making have led to the replication of existing power imbalances. And despite many improvements, the agreements have not fully stabilized company-community relations; tensions and grievances remain concerning employment, compensation, and resettlement, among other issues. The report makes research-informed recommendations for the communities, Newmont Ghana, and other stakeholders in the lead-up to the renegotiation of the agreements. While the negotiation of benefit agreements (sometimes called “Community Development Agreements”) have been the subject of wide-ranging research, academic literature on agreement implementation is still relatively sparse, and tends to focus on cases in Australia and Canada, with little information available from cases in low- or middle-income countries. This report therefore seeks to contribute to filling this gap, alongside other studies mentioned in the report. The report was published on July 25, 2018. On that day, ACEP presented the report and a Twi-translation of the executive summary to representatives and opinion leaders from the communities. ACEP also led a workshop both on the report and on benefit agreements more generally.
Impossible Memory and Post-Colonial Silences: A Critical View of the Historical Clarification Commission (CEH) or Truth Commission in Guatemala
Creators: Esparza, Marcia
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Civil War (Guatemala : 1960-1996)
War crimes
Truth commissions
Latin Americans

description: While truth commissions help break the silence over the past, they do so with limited effects. As in other Latin American countries, the Truth Commission in Guatemala was the non-judicial, transitional justice mechanism the state adopted to address the war’s mass violence (1962–1996) and its legacy. The 1994 Oslo Agreement, signed by the government and the left wing guerrillas known as the National Guatemalan Revolutionary Unity (URNG), established the legal mandate of the United Nations’ Historical Clarification Commission (CEH in Spanish). Without having the capacity to prosecute, the Commission’s main goal was to compile the country’s official record by piecing together its history of war atrocities. The mandate called for everyone who had knowledge about killings, forced disappearances or torture during the war, regardless of their role, to tell their war stories to prevent the past from repeating itself. Eventually, it was assumed, the record would contribute to challenging the State’s widespread impunity and to achieving justice. Yet, it was told primarily by victims, leaving behind a legacy of collective silences, as I suggest in this brief essay.
Improving the Quality of Adult Mortality Data Collected in Demographic Surveys: Validation Study of a New Siblings’ Survival Questionnaire in Niakhar, Senegal
Creators: Helleringer, Stephane
Pison, Gilles
Masquelier, Bruno
Kanté, Almamy Malick
Douillot, Laetitia
Duthé, Géraldine
Sokhna, Cheikh
Delaunay, Valérie
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Public health
Biometry

description: BACKGROUND: In countries with limited vital registration, adult mortality is frequently estimated using siblings' survival histories (SSHs) collected during Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS). These data are affected by reporting errors. We developed a new SSH questionnaire, the siblings' survival calendar (SSC). It incorporates supplementary interviewing techniques to limit omissions of siblings and uses an event history calendar to improve reports of dates and ages. We hypothesized that the SSC would improve the quality of adult mortality data. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We conducted a retrospective validation study among the population of the Niakhar Health and Demographic Surveillance System in Senegal. We randomly assigned men and women aged 15–59 y to an interview with either the DHS questionnaire or the SSC. We compared SSHs collected in each group to prospective data on adult mortality collected in Niakhar. The SSC reduced respondents' tendency to round reports of dates and ages to the nearest multiple of five or ten (“heaping”). The SSC also had higher sensitivity in recording adult female deaths: among respondents whose sister(s) had died at an adult age in the past 15 y, 89.6% reported an adult female death during SSC interviews versus 75.6% in DHS interviews (p = 0.027). The specificity of the SSC was similar to that of the DHS questionnaire, i.e., it did not increase the number of false reports of deaths. However, the SSC did not improve the reporting of adult deaths among the brothers of respondents. Study limitations include sample selectivity, limited external validity, and multiple testing. CONCLUSIONS: The SSC has the potential to collect more accurate SSHs than the questionnaire used in DHS. Further research is needed to assess the effects of the SSC on estimates of adult mortality rates. Additional validation studies should be conducted in different social and epidemiological settings.
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (IT) BASED VILLAGE FINANCIAL SUPERVISION SYSTEM IN INDONESIA
Creators: name: Rr. HERINI SITI AISYAH
name: Abd. SHOMAD
name: SARWIRINI
name: AHMAD FIKRI HADIN
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Village, Finance, Management, Technology.

description: Abstract

The village fund policy is a blessing for village development, but it is also an opportunity that can have dire consequences if not managed well. Following the Village Law, it has become the central government's commitment to allocate village funds of IDR 1 billion per village for realization. This policy aims at only village development, as stated in Law Number 6 of 2014 concerning towns, which states that village funds aim to alleviate poverty through developing local economic potential and sustainable use of natural resources and the environment. For this reason, adequate supervision is needed so that village financial management can be utilized optimally. A good village financial monitoring system can encourage good management processes, starting from planning, implementation, and administration to reporting. In implementing IT-based village financial supervision, human resource competency is an important factor. Internally, supervision is carried out by internal supervisors in stages starting from the central government to regional governments, carrying out supervision in accordance with their respective functions and authorities. Externally, supervision is carried out by the Financial Audit Agency, Corruption Eradication Commission, and Independent Institutions. Political supervision is carried out by the People's Representative Council, starting from the central regional level and even the village level. Village-level political institutions also supervise every process of village financial management. Meanwhile, legal supervision is carried out by the prosecutor's office and the police. In financial supervision, the public and mass media also carry out direct supervision through various channels that can accommodate their aspirations. The good and bad of the village financial monitoring system cannot be separated from various things. The most important thing is increasing the competency of human resources so that public services can be more professional. The existence of an IT-based village financial management and supervision system can encourage Human Resources to improve their competence further and increase their integrity so that village finances are managed transparently and accountably. It is hoped that it will be able to increase the effectiveness, efficiency and accuracy of using village finances according to the priorities and interests of the community. This research is legal research using a qualitative approach. In-depth interviews and FGDs were conducted to obtain field data.
Putting Walkscapes on the Map: GIS-based Visualization for Mobile Methods in Landscape Research
Creators: name: Münderlein, Daniel
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mobile methods
subject: Walking as a research method
subject: Walkscapes
subject: Trigger Question Walk
subject: Strollology
subject: 710
subject: 720
subject: Spaziergang
subject: Landschaftsforschung
subject: Landschaftsarchitektur
subject: Geoinformationssystem

description: Die Erstveröffentlichung des Artikels erfolgte hier: https://gispoint.de/liste-artikel/jodla/issue-9-2024.html
description: Gefördert durch den Publikationsfonds der Universität Kassel
Wealth effects of corporate spin-offs – An event study analysis of the chemical and pharmaceutical industry
Creators: name: Smolnik, Tim
Publisher: name: Institut für betriebswirtschaftliches Management im Fachbereich Chemie und Pharmazie
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 330 Economics

description: The present article studies wealth effects of global spin-off announcements of the chemical and pharmaceutical industry that were announced between January 2001 and October 2019. The cumulative average abnormal return over the 3-day event window is 3.91%. This result is significant at the 0.1%-level. Moreover, varying the event-window and utilizing a second statistical approach strongly supports these findings by yielding similar results at a 0.2% significance level which is rare for the event study methodology. This study strongly corroborates the hypothesis that wealth effects associated with spin-off announcements are very strong in the chemical and pharmaceutical industry.
Indigenous Approaches to Justice in the State Court System
Creators: Sasson, Erika
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Indigenous peoples--Legal status, laws, etc.
subject: Reconciliation
subject: Indigenous peoples--Social life and customs
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Indians
subject: Indians of North America

description: During its International Expert Seminar held in New York in February of 2013, the United Nations Expert Mechanism on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples asked the following question: “What positive examples and lessons learned can be identified regarding instances of non-custodial, inclusive, community-focused and restorative approaches to criminal justice matters?” This paper will examine two Western jurisdictions that have recognized and experimented with Indigenous approaches to justice, from the highest court to a small neighborhood pilot project.
Indigenous Peoples’ Conflicts and the Negotiation Process for Autonomy in Nicaragua
Creators: Cunningham, Mirna
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Human rights
Indigenous peoples
Indigenous peoples--Legal status, laws, etc.
Peace-building
Conflict management

description: It was the decade of the eighties. Military conflicts were taking place in Central America. The world was engulfed in the Cold War. In Nicaragua, a mass revolution had toppled a dictatorship that had been supported by the United States for decades. This revolution would bring about profound changes for peoples who historically had been excluded. For Indigenous Peoples, Afro-descendant communities, and the inhabitants of the Caribbean coast of Nicaragua, this revolution was seen as an opportunity to transform the historical relationships between these communities and the state of Nicaragua. Initial steps were taken by the Nicaraguan revolutionary government between 1979 and 1981 to define this relationship, with minimum requirements set forth in the Declaration of Principles and Definitions of the Governing Board of National Reconstruction (in Spanish, JGRN) and the Sandinista Front of National Liberation on the Atlantic Coast it has been scarcely documented due to military conflicts involving Indigenous Peoples and Afro-descendants in this region. For the Indigenous Peoples’ and Afro-descendants’ communities of the Caribbean coast, the challenge consisted in finding a solution to the two types of conflicts affecting them, namely the long term historic conflict they had been facing since colonial times, and the military conflict they were facing as part of the anti-revolutionary movement. This meant trying to achieve peace while simultaneously promoting the necessary structural transformations for a multi ethnic coexistence with respect for cultural diversity and, within that context, trying to achieve autonomous self-government. This essay summarizes the conflict resolution process on the Caribbean coast of Nicaragua. It highlights several events that took place between 1984 and 1990, the date when the first elections occurred for both autonomous regional governments. This date coincided with the first national elections after the signing of the peace accords.
Indigenous Children and Youth: The Case of Marae Courts in Aotearoa/Newzealand
Creators: Toki, Valmaine
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Youth, Maori
Maori (New Zealand people)--Social life and customs
Maori (New Zealand people)--Criminal justice system
International law

description: Marae-based Courts are an initiative of the Judiciary that builds on existing programmes for offenders such as Te Whanau Awhina, and informed by the Koori Courts in Australia. This is the first time that a New Zealand court has conducted criminal cases on a Marae within the jurisdiction of the Youth Court. Most offenders referred to the programme are Maori and the process incorporates Maori tikanga (Maori customs).
Indigenous Peoples’ Rights, Conflict and Peace Building: Experiences from East Africa
Creators: Kipuri, Naomi
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Human rights
Indigenous peoples
Conflict management
Peace-building

description: This essay examines the experiences of Indigenous Peoples in East Africa in respect to violations of their human rights and ensuing conflict. It examines the mechanisms used to address and resolve these conflicts at the local and regional levels. It further assesses the efficacy of these methods of conflict resolution in the face of other peace building possibilities that have been attempted in the region in addressing and resolving persistent conflict involving Indigenous Peoples.
Indigenous Peoples’ Right to Self-Determination and Other Rights Related to Access to Justice: Normative Framework
Creators: Sambo Dorough, Dalee
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Indigenous peoples
subject: Human rights
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Indians
subject: Indians of North America

description: When speaking of Indigenous Peoples and access to justice, it is important to understand the historical contextual framework for the litany of injustices perpetrated against Indigenous Peoples in order to determine if we can in fact ever “reconcile” the dramatically different worldviews of Indigenous Peoples and others, and in particular nation-States. In my view, the cultural clashes experienced by most, if not all, Indigenous Peoples across the globe have crystallized or hardened to the point that full reconciliation may not ever be possible. I have been asked to provide an overview of the normative framework needed to begin to right the wrongs concerning access to justice, including truth and reconciliation. The normative framework necessary has been established by the Declaration—the most comprehensive international human rights instrument specifically concerning Indigenous Peoples. And, in this regard, the Declaration articles must be read as a whole and in context. Like all other human rights, these minimum standards are inter-related, inter-dependent, indivisible, and inter-connected. I would like to emphasize the right of self-determination and a number of articles relevant to the collective rights of Indigenous Peoples, then conclude with a few comments on developments in Alaska, as a hopeful example of improving access to justice through Indigenous self-determination and “partnership” or cooperation with others.
Каталог Київського машинобудівного заводу
Creators: name: Miroshnychenko, Marina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 91503 Engineering Practice
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 91004 Machining
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Description of products produced by the Kyiv Southern-Russian Machine-Building Plant. One example of industrial catalogs
Indigenous Self-Determination and Political Rights: Practical Recommendations for Truth Commissions
Creators: Arthur, Paige
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Indigenous peoples--Civil rights
Human rights
Truth commissions
International law

description: Truth commissions and commissions of inquiry are not new for Indigenous Peoples. In Guatemala, Peru, Australia, Chile, and Canada, Indigenous Peoples have been consulted, given statements, read reports, and more. Yet the larger question for Indigenous Peoples must be: how can a truth commission advance their longer-term vision of self-determination and full exercise of their political rights? Can a truth commission even make a difference on these issues? A truth commission cannot lead to self-determination by itself. But it may be part of a longer-term process leading in that direction. In order to contribute, however, they may need to operate a bit differently than in the past.
Additional file 1 of Comprehensive analysis of the long noncoding RNA-associated competitive endogenous RNA network in the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells
Creators: name: Lai, Lingzhi
name: Wang, Zhaodan
name: Ge, Yihong
name: Qiu, Wei
name: Wu, Buling
name: Fang, Fuchun
name: Xu, Huiyong
name: Chen, Zhao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Indigenous Women of Northeast India at the Forefront of a Strong Non-Violent Peace Movement
Creators: Nepram, Binalakshmi
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Human rights
Indigenous peoples
Indigenous women
Indigenous peoples--Land tenure
Indigenous peoples--Politics and government

description: Indigenous women around the world have been at the forefront of a strong non-violent peace, security and disarmament movement. Over the last 200 years or so, women of Northeast India have been leaders in non-violent peace movements. Women play an indispensable role in preserving peace and order. They hold community together by stepping out of socially ascribed roles, transforming gender stereotypes, and by opening up opportunities for empowerment. Women’s groups in Northeast India have developed many a powerful programme of direct, non-violent action designed to confront the fire of insurgency that has engulfed this strategic region since the late 1940s. In India’s Northeast, women have always played a major role in many peace and social movements.
Indigenous Youth Speaking About Their Rights: Our Stories are Guided by the Energy of the Hearts of our Grandfathers and Grandmothers
Creators: Tomas, Maria Antonia Benito
Franca, Rayanne Cristine Maximo
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Human rights
Indigenous peoples
Indigenous youth
Indigenous peoples--Politics and government

description: Indigenous youth in Latin America have succeeded in sharing the realities that each one of them lives via their personal experiences. Social, political, and economic barriers have not restricted them from combining their efforts and organizational processes from the community level to the national, regional and global levels. Youth from communities such as the Aymara, Baré, Charrúa, Embera, Garífunas, Guaraní, Poqomam, Kaqchikel, K’iche, Miskito, Mixteco, Quechua, Xavante and Zapoteco, just to name a few, have been coming together to make themselves heard in one single, collective voice. Taking into consideration that each Indigenous community has its particularities based on its context and geographical environment, Indigenous youth have their own way of looking at life, of organizing, and of making decisions. When someone uses the term “Indigenous youth,” understand that he or she is referring to a massive diversity of identities. This is why it is essential for to be previously negotiated and endorsed with full and effective participation, in order to address the specific needs of Indigenous youth and for them to benefit in an inclusive and satisfactory manner. Educational and training processes have played a very important role for Indigenous youth in Latin America, resulting in their voices being heard, as well as their demands and proposals being amplified in numerous spaces of influence and decision-making. In regards to the current status of Indigenous youth in Latin America, we can identify five primary areas of importance: migration, discrimination, sexual and reproductive health, and the lack of separate statistical data for youth.
Indigenous Youth in Russia: Challenges and Opportunities
Creators: Korkina, Varvara
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Human rights
Indigenous peoples
Indigenous youth
Indigenous peoples--Social conditions
Indigenous peoples--Economic conditions

description: Indigenous youth are dramatically affected by globalization, climate change, cultural and social changes. These profound changes have occurred largely over the past fifty years, and have resulted in significant behavioral health disparities for young Indigenous people. In particular, these health disparities affect young men, who frequently suffer with substance abuse, violence, and youth suicide, as is profiled in research on this topic. Youth in the Arctic today find themselves searching for ways to put traditional native values and teachings into practice in the context of dominant Russian, American, Norwegian, and Euro-Canadian culture, and find themselves largely constrained by structural and institutional obstacles.15 In the face of pressures and challenges, youth are developing specific capacities to navigate successfully. However, as case studies describe, successful transition to adulthood is possible only if a young person has access to the necessary social and economic resources critical for movement through the key developmental stages.
Additional file 2 of Comprehensive risk assessment for hospital-acquired pneumonia: sociodemographic, clinical, and hospital environmental factors associated with the incidence of hospital-acquired pneumonia
Creators: name: Kim, Bo-Guen
name: Kang, Minwoong
name: Lim, Jihyun
name: Lee, Jin
name: Kang, Danbee
name: Kim, Minjung
name: Kim, Jinhee
name: Park, Hyejeong
name: Min, Kyung Hoon
name: Cho, Juhee
name: Jeon, Kyeongman
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Comorbidity factors associated with the onset of hospital-acquired pneumonia.
Insights from earth system model initial-condition large ensembles and future prospects
Creators: Deser, Clara
Lehner, Flavio
Rodgers, Keith B.
Ault, Toby R.
Delworth, Tom
‪DiNezio, Pedro
Fiore, Arlene M.
Frankignoul, Claude
Fyfe, John C.
Horton, Daniel E.
Kay, ‪Jennifer E.
‪Knutti‬, Reto
‪Lovenduski‬, Nicole S.
Marotzke, Jochem
McKinnon‬, ‪Karen Aline
Minobe, Shoshiro
Randerson, James T.
Screen, James
Simpson, Isla R.
Ting, Mingfang
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Earth sciences
Climatic changes
Climatic extremes
Earth sciences--Mathematical models

description: Internal variability in the climate system confounds assessment of human-induced climate change and imposes irreducible limits on the accuracy of climate change projections, especially at regional and decadal scales. A new collection of initial-condition large ensembles (LEs) generated with seven Earth system models under historical and future radiative forcing scenarios provides new insights into uncertainties due to internal variability versus model differences. These data enhance the assessment of climate change risks, including extreme events, and offer a powerful testbed for new methodologies aimed at separating forced signals from internal variability in the observational record. Opportunities and challenges confronting the design and dissemination of future LEs, including increased spatial resolution and model complexity alongside emerging Earth system applications, are discussed.
Informes Temáticos RCRC: Porqué los Niños Deben Ser la Prioridad #1 en Desastres
Creators: Ratner, Jacqueline J.
Schlegelmilch, Jeffrey
Samur Zúñiga, Antonia F.
Sury, Jonathan
Esposito, Lauren D.
Tolsdorf, Marjorie Rose
Marquez, Evelyn
Kamidola, Aizhan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Emergency management
Child disaster victims
Disaster relief--Planning
Disaster relief--Government policy

description: Los Informes Temáticos RCRC, en este documento, están diseñados para ser utilizados por las comunidades de la iniciativa RCRC y todas las otras comunidades que buscan elevar la resiliencia de los niños ante desastres a la atención de legisladores locales, estatales y federales u otros responsables de la toma de decisiones. Estos informes también pueden ser utilizados por legisladores y responsables de la toma de decisiones en todos los niveles de gobierno como documentos informativos para comprender mejor los problemas que enfrentan las comunidades en desastres en el contexto de COVID-19 y otros desastres. Se anima a los lectores a explorar los temas y mensajes que más resuenan con su propia comunidad. Para acceder a una versión online e interactiva de los Informes Temáticos RCRC, visite https://rcrctoolbox.org/rcrc-issue-briefs-es/.
Additional file 2 of Comprehensive analysis of the long noncoding RNA-associated competitive endogenous RNA network in the osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells
Creators: name: Lai, Lingzhi
name: Wang, Zhaodan
name: Ge, Yihong
name: Qiu, Wei
name: Wu, Buling
name: Fang, Fuchun
name: Xu, Huiyong
name: Chen, Zhao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2.
Integrating Social and Moral Psychology to Reduce Inequality
Creators: Mosley, Ariel J.
Heiphetz, Larisa A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Social perception
subject: Ethics
subject: Intergroup relations
subject: Equality
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This article is a commentary responding to the following article: Lewis, N. A., Jr. (2021). Can we achieve "equality" when we have different understandings of its meaning? How contexts and identities shape the pursuit of egalitarian goals. Psychological Inquiry, 32, 155-164. https://doi.org/10.1080/1047840X.2021.1971441
Matlab code for analysing spectrophotometry data (contact details for author)
Creators: name: Eacock, Amy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60201 Behavioural Ecology
subject: 60299 Ecology not elsewhere classified
subject: Zoology

description: Code for analysis spectrophotometry data was written by I. Cuthill. Contact details in file.
Interannual Variability of the Early and Late-Rainy Seasons in the Caribbean
Creators: Martinez, Carlos Javier
Kushnir, Yochanan
Goddard, Lisa M.
Ting, Mingfang
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Rain and rainfall
Seasons

description: The Caribbean seasonal rainfall cycle and its characteristics are heavily relied upon by the region’s inhabitants for their socioeconomic needs; the prediction of its variability would be valuable to society. An important way to understand the predictability of the Caribbean rainfall cycle is to study its interannual variability. Previous studies vary as to how and what large-scale climate driver(s) affect the interannual variability of rainfall and its associated dynamical mechanisms in the Caribbean. To address this, this study investigates wet and dry Caribbean early-rainy seasons (ERS; mid-April to mid-June) and late-rainy seasons (LRS; late August to mid-November) by conducting the following: (1) a spatial composite of rainfall from 34 Caribbean rainfall stations using daily data; and, (2) spatial composites of sea-surface temperature, sea-level pressure, and mean flow moisture convergence and transports. The ERS and LRS are impacted in distinctly different ways by two different, and largely independent, dominant large-scale phenomena: the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), respectively. Dry ERS years are associated with a persistent dipole of cold and warm SSTs over the Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico, respectively, that were caused by a preceding positive NAO state. This setting involves a wind-evaporation-SST (WES) feedback expressed in enhanced trade winds and consequently, moisture transport divergence over all of the Caribbean, except in portions of the NW Caribbean in May. A contribution from the preceding winter cold ENSO event is also discernible during dry ERS years. Dry LRS years are due to the summertime onset of an El Niño event, developing an inter-basin SLP pattern that fluxes moisture out of the Caribbean, except in portions of the NW Caribbean in November. Both large-scale climate drivers would have the opposite effect during their opposite phases leading to wet years for both seasons. The two rainy seasons are independent because the main drivers of their variability are independent. This has implications for prediction.
Intercultural Conflict and Peace Building: The Experience of Chile
Creators: Aylwin, Jose
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Human rights
Indigenous peoples
Peace-building
Conflict management

description: With nine distinct Indigenous Peoples and a population of 1.8 million, which represents 11% of the total population of the country,1 conflicts between Indigenous Peoples and the Chilean state have increased substantially in recent years. Such conflicts have been triggered by different factors including the lack of constitutional recognition of Indigenous Peoples; political exclusion; and the imposition of an economic model which has resulted in the proliferation of large developments on Indigenous lands and territories without proper consultation, even less with free, prior, and informed consent, and with no participation of the communities directly affected by the benefits these developments generate. The growing awareness among Indigenous Peoples of the rights that have been internationally recognized to them, and the lack of government response to their claims—in particular land claims—also help to explain this growing conflict.
An organizational approach to comparative corporate governance: Costs, contingencies, and complementarities
Creators: name: Aguilera, Ruth V.
name: Filatotchev, Igor
name: Gospel, Howard
name: Jackson, Gregory
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: corporate governance
subject: effectiveness
subject: organizational environments
subject: board independence
subject: information disclosure
subject: insider control
subject: contingencies
subject: complementarities
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft::331 Arbeitsökonomie

description: This paper develops an organizational approach to corporate governance and assesses the effectiveness of corporate governance and implications for policy. Most corporate governance research focuses on a universal link between corporate governance practices (e.g., board structure, shareholder activism) and performance outcomes, but neglects how interdependencies between the organization and diverse environments lead to variations in the effectiveness of different governance practices. In contrast to such closed systems approaches, we propose a framework based on open systems approaches to organizations, which examines these organizational interdependencies in terms of the costs, contingencies, and complementarities of different corporate governance practices. These three sets of organizational factors are useful in analyzing the effectiveness of corporate governance in diverse organizational environments. We also explore the impact of costs, contingencies, and complementarities on the effectiveness of different governance aspects through the use of stylized cases and discuss the implications for different approaches to policy such as soft law or hard law.
Interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis of CD19-selected cells: Utility in detecting disease in post-therapy samples of B-cell neoplasms
Creators: Parrott, Andrew M.
Vundavalli, Murty V.
Walsh, Caitlin
Christiano, Alecia
Bhagat, Govind
Alobeid, Bachir
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: B cells
Cytogenetics
Flow cytometry
Karyotypes
Leukemia
Lymphomas

description: Context: The detection of low-level persistent or relapsed B-cell neoplasms, particularly post-therapy, can be challenging, often requiring multiple testing modalities. Objective: Here we investigate the utility of CD19-based selection of neoplastic B-cells (CD19S) as an enrichment strategy to improve the detection rate of cytogenetic abnormalities in post-therapy samples of B-cell neoplasms, especially those with low-level disease. Design: In a cohort largely comprised of post-therapy B-ALL and CLL samples, we performed fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis on CD19-selected cells (CD19S FISH) in 128 specimens from 88 patients, and on non-selected cells (NS FISH) in a subset of cases. The FISH findings were compared with the concurrent flow cytometry (FC) results in all samples and molecular analysis in a subset. Results: CD19S FISH was able to detect cytogenetic aberrations in 86.0% of post-therapy samples with evidence of disease as determined by routine or MRD FC, compared to 59.1% of samples by NS FISH. CD19S FISH detected significantly higher percentages of positive cells compared to NS FISH (p < 0.001). Importantly, CD19S FISH enabled the detection of emergent subclones (clonal evolution) associated with poor prognosis. Conclusions: CD19S FISH can be useful in daily diagnostic practice. Compared to NS FISH, CD19S FISH is quantitatively and qualitatively superior for the detection of cytogenetic aberrations in B-cell neoplasms, which are important for risk stratification and optimal management of patients with B-cell neoplasms, especially in the relapsed setting. Although CD19S FISH has a diagnostic sensitivity inferior to that of MRD FC, the sensitivity of this modality is comparable to routine FC for the evaluation of low-level disease in the post-therapy setting. Moreover, CD19S samples are invaluable for additional molecular and genetic analyses.
Aspects of stimulated two-photon transitions in bulk semiconductors
Creators: name: Melzer, Stephan
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nonlinear optical phenomena
subject: Multiphoton processes
subject: Ultrafast spectroscopy
subject: 530
subject: Nichtlineare Optik
subject: Zweiphotonenabsorption

description: This thesis aims to further the understanding of the two-photon interaction dynamic in bulk direct semiconductors in an electronically excited state. The central goal is to assess the practicability of controlling the two-photon transition strength using an ultrafast all-optical scheme and ultimately identify the key parameters and requirements necessary to observe degenerate two-photon gain in these media. Here, a transfer of stimulated two-photon emission to the semiconductor medium is very attractive because of its inherently large and fast optical nonlinearities and the capability to inject such materials with very high carrier densities, making it possible to macroscopically utilize this comparatively weak higher order nonlinear optical processes in the potential realization of a semiconductor-based two-photon laser and practical quantum information processing. Utilizing various (ultrafast) spectroscopic techniques, it is found that the application of a strong optical excitation on the order of Iexc>10 mJ/cm2 (yielding carrier densities approaching ne≈1019 cm-3) indeed produces a notable modification to the two-photon coupling for target sum photon energies within a typical bandwidth of ΔE≤80 meV above the optical band gap energy of the sample. Here, in obeying central experimental parameters regarding the excitation process, gain medium and two-photon configuration, a full amplitude inversion of the nonlinear coefficient β(ω), indicating a two-photon emission regime, is observed. Furthermore, the impact of accompanying effects related to the optical excitation on the semiconductor medium, e.g. free-carrier absorption, in competition to the nonlinear interaction have been investigated in this work.
Life Skills und Medien
Creators: name: Holzwarth, Peter
name: Kuhn, Doris
name: Marruncheddu Krause, Sabrina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Inklusive Schule
life skills
e-learning
internationale Bildungsentwicklung

description: Inklusionsprozesse können auf verschiedenen Wegen initiiert werden. Der folgende Beitrag bezieht sich auf zwei internationale Entwicklungsprojekte, die mit dem Life-Skills-Konzept der WHO arbeiten und stellt die Frage nach der Verbindung von Mediennutzung und der Entwicklung von Life Skills. In beiden Projekten geht es um die Stärkung des Selbstvertrauens und die Entwicklung überfachlicher Kompetenzen. FACE (Families and Children in Education) wendet sich vornehmlich an Kinder und Jugendliche aus Roma-Communities in Rumänien, Kosovo und Mazedonien. Bei CORE (Children of Refugees in Education) geht es um die Förderung von Life Skills bei Geflüchteten mit Hilfe von E-Learning-Tools auf mobilen Geräten. Beide Projekte werden von der Abteilung für internationale Bildungsentwicklung (engl. International Projects in Education IPE) der Pädagogischen Hochschule Zürich durchgeführt. Der Volltext ist vor Ablauf der Embargofrist innerhalb des Netzwerks der PH Zürich hier via Rechercheportal zugänglich.
description: +repphzhbib2019A
Intraseasonal Variability of Rainfall and Its Effect on Interannual Variability across the Indian Subcontinent and the Tibetan Plateau
Creators: Jiang, Xingwen
Ting, Mingfang
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Monsoons
Precipitation (Meteorology)
Rain and rainfall

description: Intraseasonal variability of rainfall over the Indian subcontinent (IS) and the Tibetan Plateau (TP) has been discussed widely but often separately. In this study, we investigate the covariability of rainfall across the IS and the TP on intraseasonal time scales and its impact on interannual variability of regional rainfall. The most dominant mode of rainfall intraseasonal variability across the region features a dipole pattern with significant out-of-phase rainfall anomalies between the southeastern TP and the central and northern IS. This dipole rainfall pattern is associated with intraseasonal oscillations (ISOs) of 10–20 days and 30–60 days, especially the latter. An active spell of rainfall in the central and northern IS (southeastern TP) is associated with the strengthening (northward shift) of water vapor transport of the Indian summer monsoon, resulting in more water vapor entering into the central and northern IS (southeastern TP) and thus more rainfall. The 10–20-day ISO of the dipole rainfall pattern is caused by the 10–20-day atmospheric ISO in both the tropics and the extratropics, whereas the 30–60-day ISO of the dipole rainfall pattern is only associated with atmospheric ISO in the tropics. The dipole rainfall pattern resembles the most dominant mode of interannual variability of July–August mean rainfall. The 30–60-day ISO of the dipole rainfall pattern has an important contribution to the dipole pattern of July–August mean rainfall anomalies on an interannual time scale due to the different frequencies of occurrence of the active and break phases.
Introduction
Creators: Michoustina, Nadia
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2000
Subjects: Art and technology
Art, Modern

description: The workshop on “Art, Technology and Modernity in Russia and Eastern Europe” set out to reexamine the relationship between technology and aesthetics. It brought together literary scholars, film and architectural historians to suggest a more nuanced analysis of the role of technology in the artistic and political processes taking place in Russia, Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union and to delineate the differences between the forms of modernity they imagined. The essays selected for the present volume are not limited to a single discipline or theoretical approach. But they are united by an attempt to articulate varieties of relationship between art and technology in Russia and Eastern Europe which are neither utopian and filled with a plenitude that is easy to dismiss, nor equivalent to some kind of alienation as an ‘other’ to historical modernism.
Methods detail, full analyses output and 16S DNA sequences from Direct and trans-generational effects of male and female gut microbiota in Drosophila melanogaster
Creators: name: Morimoto, Juliano
name: Simpson, Stephen J.
name: Ponton, Fleur
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Methods detail, full analyses output and 16S DNA sequences
Introducing the Living Convention and Landscape Approach to Legal Empowerment
Creators: Jonas, Harry
Jonas, Holly
Makagon, Jael Eli
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Sovereignty
Human rights
Indigenous peoples--Civil rights
International law

description: The fragmentation of law and related institutional arrangements continue to undermine Indigenous Peoples and local communities intent on self-determining their futures and retaining the social and ecological integrity of their territories and other areas. In this light, new approaches to understanding the law and to using the law are required. The Living Convention attempts to employ a new approach in order to make international law more accessible to Indigenous peoples and local communities. In doing so, it helps increase access to justice by democratizing the law and allowing a range of non-lawyers to identify and to utilize provisions in international law that are relevant to their needs. The Living Convention and the concept of ‘legal empowerment for landscapes’ are modest contributions to this ongoing and multi-stakeholder endeavor. It is the authors’ sincere hope that these ideas contribute to the on-going work in this area and, by promoting an unorthodox reading of an existing legal landscape, helps Indigenous Peoples, local communities and their supporters to identify “space to place new steps of change
MOESM4 of Systematic comparative analysis of single-nucleotide variant detection methods from single-cell RNA sequencing data
Creators: name: Liu, Fenglin
name: Zhang, Yuanyuan
name: Zhang, Lei
name: Li, Ziyi
name: Fang, Qiao
name: Gao, Ranran
name: Zhang, Zemin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biophysics
Space Science
Molecular Biology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Virology

description: Additional file 4. Review history.
Introduction
Creators: Løvstrøm, Qivioq Nivi
Kiburo, Kibett Carson
Conde, Q”apaj
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Human rights
Indigenous peoples
Indigenous youth

description: This book aims to resolve the lack of information and knowledge about Indigenous Peoples and Indigenous Youth from the first-hand perspective of Indigenous Youth. The information available in the literature, academia, legal writing, film, and pop culture about Indigenous Peoples very often portrays Indigenous Peoples as the noble savages, the fierce savages or as extinct nations. We, Indigenous Peoples, are a dead race in the minds of many in the world. We belong in old black and white movies and history books—relics of a shameful past that many would rather forget. With this book, we ask you to challenge the colonial past, to see past the mere illusionary idea of indigeneity. We also invite you to embrace our truth—the truth is that we are alive, and our roots are strong. This book would behove everyone to read from cover to cover, as it is multi-authored by fourteen Indigenous Youth, two selected from each of the seven Indigenous socio-cultural regions of the world: (1) Africa; (2) Asia; (3) the Arctic; (4) Eastern Europe, the Russian Federation and Central Asia; (5) Latin America and the Caribbean; (6) North America; and (7) the Pacific.
GUTTA project Brochure (English version)
Creators: name: Erlić, Mirna
name: Caciagli, Laura
name: Mannarini, Gianandrea
name: Orović, Josip
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: While the description of the communication choices for the brochures will be presented in D.2.2.1, here the full-resolution pdf file of the brochure is anticipated for further distribution and project dissemination's purpose.