title: Ð¥Ð¸Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ°Ñ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð·Ð²ÐµÐ·Ð´Ð½ÑÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐºÑÐ»ÑÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°ÐºÐ¾Ð²
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Chemical evolution of molecular clouds
Creators: name: ÐÑÐ°ÑÑ, ÐÐ½Ð°ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ñ
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2020
Subjects: Ð¼Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐºÑÐ»ÑÑÐ½ÑÐµ Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°ÐºÐ°
Ñ Ð¸Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ°Ñ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐ¸Ñ
Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½ÑÐµ Ñ Ð¸Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ ÑÐµÐ°ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¸
ÑÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÑÑ ÑÐµÐ°ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¸
Ð¸Ð¾Ð½Ñ
Ð¼Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐºÑÐ»Ñ
UMIST
molecular cloud
chemical evolution
basic chemical reactions
rate of the chemical reaction
ions
molecules

description: ÐÐ°Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐµÐ¼Ð° Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð°: ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð² Ð¼Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐºÑÐ»ÑÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°ÐºÐ°Ñ. ÐÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°ÑÐµÐ»Ð¸ ÑÐ¿ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾Ð² Ð¼Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐºÑÐ»ÑÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°ÐºÐ¾Ð² Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ°Ð² ÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°ÐºÐ¾Ð². Ð ÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°Ð»Ð¸, ÑÑÐ¾ Ð² ÑÑÐ»Ð¾Ð²Ð¸ÑÑ Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ð·ÐºÐ¸Ð¼Ð¸ ÑÐµÐ¼Ð¿ÐµÑÐ°ÑÑÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¸ Ð¸ Ð¿Ð»Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑÐ¼Ð¸ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÑÑÑÑ ÑÐ»Ð¾Ð¶Ð½ÑÐµ ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ ÑÐ¾ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ. ÐÐ·ÑÑÐ°Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÑ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÐ¾ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹, Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾ Ð²ÑÑÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÑ Ð½Ð°ÑÐºÐ¾Ð»ÑÐºÐ¾ Ð´Ð°Ð»ÐµÐºÐ¾ Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¸Ñ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ»Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑ, Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ ÑÑÐµÐ´Ð¸ Ð¾ÑÐ³Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÐ¾ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹. ÐÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·ÑÑ Ð±Ð°Ð·Ñ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ UMIST, Ð° ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ ÑÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐµÑÐµÐ½ÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÑ ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹, Ð¾Ð¿Ð¸ÑÑÐ²Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¸Ð·Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð° Ð² Ð¼Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐºÑÐ»ÑÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°ÐºÐ°Ñ, Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿ÑÑÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ, Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐ¸Ð»Ð¸ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÐµ Ð¾Ð± ÑÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÑÑÑ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐµÐ°ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð² Ð¼Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐºÑÐ»ÑÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°ÐºÐ°Ñ. ÐÐ¾ÑÐ»Ðµ ÑÐµÐ³Ð¾ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ Ð³ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸ Ð·Ð°Ð²Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ ÑÐ°ÑÐ¿ÑÐ¾ÑÑÑÐ°Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ ÑÐ¾ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð¾Ñ Ð²ÑÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð¸. ÐÐ¾ ÑÑÐ¸Ð¼ Ð³ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°Ð¼ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»Ð¸Ð»Ð¸ Ð²ÑÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð° ÑÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ°Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð²ÐµÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÐ¾ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹. ÐÐ· ÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐ´ÐµÐ»Ð°Ð»Ð¸ Ð²ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð´ Ð¾ ÑÑÐµÑ ÑÐ°ÑÐ°ÐºÑÐµÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð²ÑÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐ¸Ð¸: Ð¼Ð°Ð»ÑÐµ Ð²ÑÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð° â Ð¸Ð¾Ð½-Ð¼Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐºÑÐ»ÑÑÐ½ÑÐµ ÑÐµÐ°ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¸ (Ð²ÑÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð° Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ´ÐºÐ° 0.1-10 Ð»ÐµÑ), Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐ¸Ðµ Ð²ÑÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð° â ÑÐµÐ°ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ñ ÑÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸ÐµÐ¼ Ð½ÐµÐ¹ÑÑÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÑ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸Ñ (Ð²ÑÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð° Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ´ÐºÐ° ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÐ½ ÑÑÑÑÑ Ð»ÐµÑ), Ð° ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐµÐ°ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð°Ð´ÑÐ¾ÑÐ±ÑÐ¸Ð¸ ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÐ¾ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð½Ð° ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ»Ð¸ â Ð²ÑÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð° Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ´ÐºÐ° ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÐ½ ÑÑÑÑÑ Ð»ÐµÑ. ÐÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½ÐµÐ¹ÑÐµÐµ Ð¸Ð·ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾ÑÑÐµÑÑ ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÑÑ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ñ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐµ ÑÐ»Ð¾Ð¶Ð½ÑÐ¼Ð¸ ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¼Ð¸ ÑÐ¾ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÑÐ¼Ð¸.
description: The given work is devoted to chemical evolution in molecular clouds. Researchers of the spectra of molecular clouds have determined the chemical composition of these clouds. The results showed that under conditions with low temperatures and densities there the complex chemical compounds are formed. By studying the processes of formation of these compounds, we can find out how far this complexity goes, especially among organic compounds. We use the UMIST database, as well as solving differential equations describing a change in the chemical composition in molecular clouds using computer simulation, and obtained data on the rates of the main reactions in molecular clouds. Then we plotted graphically the dependence of the abundance of compounds on time. From these data, we concluded about three characteristic times of chemical evolution: small times â ion-molecular reactions (times of the order of 0.1â10 years), large times â reactions involving neutral particles (times of the order of hundreds of thousands years), and also for reactions adsorption of chemical compounds on dust particles - times of the order of hundreds of thousands years. Further study will allow us to consider chemical evolution with more complex chemical compounds.