cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Understanding the NPM Dependencies Ecosystem of a Project Using Virtual Reality - Replication Package
Creators: name: Moreno-Lumbreras, David
name: Gonzalez-Barahona, Jesus M.
name: Lanza, Michele
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: virtual reality
elevated city
dependencies
software visualization
ecosystem
npm

description: The files attached contain the replication package for the experiments presented in the article "Understanding the NPM Dependencies Ecosystem of a Project Using Virtual Reality". Please, unzip the zip file and follow the README.md file Artifact generated from: https://gitlab.com/thesis-dlumbrer/vissoft23-experiment
Safe Villages during the 1918-1919 influenza pandemic in Spain and Portugal
Creators: name: Erkoreka, Anton
Publisher: name: Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene
Year: 2020

description: The 1918-1919 influenza pandemic had a significantly different impact on mortality rates in Spanish and Portuguese provinces and cities. In this study, we have identified various small villages which were not affected at all by the Spanish influenza pandemic. These all shared a number of features in common: their villages were very small, comprising only a few hundred inhabitants; they were located in mountainous regions, with very poor transport infrastructure; and they were self-sufficient and capable of fulfilling their basic alimentary needs. Their inhabitants were conscious of the problem and acted together, effectively isolating themselves from surrounding villages. Since these villagers managed to avoid direct contact with ill people from other municipalities, the flu was not transmitted and the pandemic did not arise in their villages. Here, we propose the nomenclature “Safe Village” or “Shelter Village” for places which are inhabitable by humans and which present these features. Knowledge of the circumstances in which the 1918-1919 flu pandemic developed and of the means employed to resist it can help us to take relevant measures when faced with future pandemics.
description: Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene, Vol. 61 No. 2 (2020): 2020612
Ultrasound sensing at thermomechanical limits with optomechanical buckled-dome microcavities
Creators: name: Hornig, G. J.
name: Scheuer, K. G.
name: Dew, E. B.
name: Zemp, R.
name: DeCorby, R. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the use of monolithic, buckled-dome cavities as ultrasound sensors. Patterned delamination within a compressively stressed thin film stack produces high-finesse plano-concave optical resonators with sealed and empty cavity regions. The buckled mirror also functions as a flexible membrane, highly responsive to changes in external pressure. Owing to their efficient opto-acousto-mechanical coupling, thermal-displacement-noise limited sensitivity is achieved at low optical interrogation powers and for modest optical (Q ~ 10^3) and mechanical (Q ~ 10^2) quality factors. We predict and verify broadband (up to ~ 5 MHz), air-coupled ultrasound detection with noise-equivalent pressure (NEP) as low as ~ 30-100 $μ$Pa/Hz^1/2. This corresponds to an ultrasonic force sensitivity ~ 2 x 10^-13 N/Hz^1/2 and enables the detection of MHz-range signals propagated over distances as large as ~ 20 cm in air. In water, thermal-noise-limited sensitivity is demonstrated over a wide frequency range (up to ~ 30 MHz), with NEP as low as ~ 100-800 $μ$Pa/Hz^1/2. These cavities exhibit a nearly omnidirectional response, while being ~ 3-4 orders of magnitude more sensitive than piezoelectric devices of similar size. Easily realized as large arrays and naturally suited to direct coupling by free-space beams or optical fibers, they offer significant practical advantages over competing optical devices, and thus could be of interest for several emerging applications in medical and industrial ultrasound imaging.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Endoneural abscess of common popliteal nerve as first clinical manifestation of leprosy: the first reported case in history in a low-incidence country.
Creators: name: Balestrino, Alberto
name: Riccardi, Niccolò
name: Fiaschi, Pietro
name: Martinoli, Carlo
name: Gennaro, Sergio
Publisher: name: Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene
Year: 2020

description: A migrant from Palestine came to our attention for weakness of dorsiflexion of the left foot and hypoesthesia of the homolateral common peroneal nerve territory. Skin biopsies from skin lesions in the hypoesthetic area were not diagnostic. Radiological investigation showed focal nerve enlargement with a possible focal lesion. At this time, and given the uncertainty of the diagnosis, we had to choose between medical therapy with steroid and a surgical exploration of the nerve. We decided for the latter option. Intraoperatively, we found a focal round enlargement of the nerve. Epineurotomy was performed at that level, revealing a round caseous granulomatous mass that was excised. Microbiological examination revealed presence of Mycobacterium Leprae allowing diagnosis of leprosy. Medical therapy was then started, leading to resolution of clinical symptoms. Endoneural lepromatous abscesses are uncommon lesions that should be suspected in patients presenting with peripheral nerve dysfunction with anamnesis of travel in leprosy endemic regions or contacts with people from endemic regions with or even without skin lesions. Detection of endoneural abscesses is of critical importance because prompt surgical excision in conjunction with medical therapy leads to improvement of symptoms and permits correct diagnosis. In times of large human migrations from leprosy endemic areas, knowledge of this uncommon presentation of leprosy and its management will help lead to the best management of these patients.
description: Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene, Vol. 61 No. 2 (2020): 2020612
Isometry generators in momentum representation of the Dirac theory on the de Sitter spacetime
Creators: name: Cotaescu, Ion I.
name: Baltateanu, Doru-Marcel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, it is shown that the covariant representation (CR) transforming the Dirac field under de Sitter isometries is equivalent to a direct sum of two unitary irreducible representations (UIRs) of the $Sp(2,2)$ group transforming alike the particle and antiparticle field operators in momentum representation. Their basis generators and Casimir operators are written down for the first time finding that these representations are equivalent to a UIR from the principal series whose canonical labels are determined by the fermion mass and spin. The properties of the conserved observables (i. e. one-particle operators) associated to the de Sitter isometries via Noether theorem and of the corresponding Pauli-Lubanski type operator are also pointed out.
description: 11 pages no figures
Supplementary methodological information from Everything is not everywhere: marine compartments shape phytoplankton assemblages
Creators: name: Spatharis, Sofie
name: Lamprinou, Vasiliki
name: Meziti, Alexandra
name: Kormas, Konstantinos A.
name: Danielidis, Daniel D.
name: Smeti, Evangelia
name: Roelke, Daniel L.
name: Mancy, Rebecca
name: Tsirtsis, George
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Details on the species identification methodology and on the between-site connectivity
Sun-safe behaviours, personal risk, level of concern, and knowledge about cutaneous melanoma in Italy: time for social marketing?
Creators: name: Aleo, Giuseppe
name: Bagnasco, Annamaria
name: Cozzani, Emanuele
name: Parodi, Aurora
name: Cannavò, Serafinella Patrizia
name: Watson, Roger
name: Hayter, Mark
name: Geddes, Lesley
name: Catania, Gianluca
name: Zanini, Milko
name: Sasso, Loredana
Publisher: name: Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene
Year: 2020

description: Introduction The incidence of cutaneous melanoma is increasing although 80-95% of all deaths caused by melanoma can be avoided through protective behaviours. There is evidence that social marketing as an approach in public health can improve health-related behaviours and encourage sun-safe behaviours. Methods A multicentre survey was conducted to collect and compare data about cutaneous melanoma risk, knowledge, concern, and protective behaviours across Northern, Central, and Southern Italy, and explore how these data could potentially inform a social marketing intervention to improve sun-safe behaviours. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results A total of 1034 questionnaires were collected. Apart from ‘Personal Risk’ no statistically significant differences were found between the three regions. About 30% (n=344) of the total sample had high levels of personal risk, and low levels of concern and protective behaviour, and over 70% (n=711) gave priority to sun tanning. The worst scores were related to knowledge about melanoma (30% wrong answers, and over 40% ‘don’t know’). Protective behaviour was moderately correlated with age (p=0.03). Personal risk was significantly higher in women (10.84 vs. 10.05), and lower in individuals with a degree (9.46 vs. 11.38; p<0.001). Conclusions Over 70% of our sample gave priority to sun tanning, which combined with low levels of concern and knowledge about melanoma, and high levels of personal risk, confirm that much still needs to be done in terms of melanoma prevention, but all these are aspects that could be effectively addressed through social marketing interventions.
description: Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene, Vol. 61 No. 2 (2020): 2020612
(800) John Townsend Piper
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Efficacy of water filters for dental chair units: assessment of the filtration action versus Coxsackievirus B5
Creators: name: Scarano, Antonio
Publisher: name: Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene
Year: 2020

description: Introduction: The microbiological safety and control of the water used in dental practice has a critical importance for avoiding cross-linked infections in the dental office. The aim of this study was to establish coxsackie virus filtration of the water applied to a dental unit. Methods: A specific water filter system was used, to verify the viral load in the outgoing water. Statistical analysis was performed using the Shapiro-Wilk test and Statview software from SAS Institute. Results: The outcome of the evaluation of the virological tests shows an excellent capability of virus filtration that attested 99.9999% in the volume analysed. A statistical difference was found in the bacterial water contamination before and after filtration. (P=0.000000). Conclusions: According to the tests, medical devices applied to a dental unit are able to filter viruses and therefore reduce risk of contamination in the dental office.
description: Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene, Vol. 61 No. 2 (2020): 2020612
Effect of integrated Health Promotion Intervention and follow up on Health issues (clothing way, food habits, urinary habits, sexual behavior habits) Related to Urinary Tract Infection Among Pregnant women. A Randomized, Clinical Trial
Creators: name: Alidousti, Katayoun
Publisher: name: Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene
Year: 2020

description: Introduction: Urinary tract infection, as an important health element is associated with the risk of many problems in pregnancy and support consulting is effective factor in reducing the problem. Aim: of this study is to evaluate the impacts of integrated intervention on life style (clothing way, food habits, urinary habits, sexual behavior habits) Related to Urinary Tract Infection Among Pregnant women. Method: This interventional used pretest- posttest design with the control group study was performed on 130 healthy pregnant women. The samples were divided randomly into two groups of 65 people. The first group received two sessions of 45 to 60 minutes Psychoeducational counseling, four telephone follow-up support and training pamphlets and the control group received routine education. The relevant questionnaires were completed by both groups before the intervention and a month later. The data were analyzed with spss V.22 software. Results: Comparing within the groups it was shown that the variables were increased in the experimental group after consulting compared to the conditions before consulting (P< 0.001), however, no increasing was found in the average variables before consulting and after it. Moreover, comparing the variables in two experimental and control groups significant statistical difference was found in different studied areas after consulting (P< 0.0001). Implication for practice: Psychological counseling and phone follow-up are effective in improving the knowledge, attitude, and performance of pregnant women in preventing the urinary infection Therefor it is recommended these trends to be considered as training programs in order to increase capacity and primary prevention of pregnant women.
description: Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene, Vol. 61 No. 2 (2020): 2020612
Figure S1. Alpha-amylase and agarase models.; Figure S2. Growth curves of the sli-fkbp mutant and Sli-FKBP overproducer strains overexpressing amlB and dagA.; Figure S3. Agarase sequence coverage obtained by nano LC-MS/MS Triple TOF analysis.; Figure S4. Predicted models of agarase. from Functional identification of a Streptomyces lividans FKBP-like protein involved in the folding of overproduced secreted proteins
Creators: name: R. L. Vicente
name: S. Marín
name: J. R. Valverde
name: C. Palomino
name: R. P. Mellado
name: S. Gullón
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology

description: (A) Left: model of mature alpha-amylase with Pro350 residue in cis conformation. Right, model of immature amylase with P350 in trans conformation. The alpha-amylase Pro350 residue has been coloured in red and indicated by a red arrow. The active site is indicated by a green arrow. The cis-isomerisation of the Pro residue favours the enzyme to acquire its active conformation. (B) Left: model of mature agarase with P127 and P183 in cis conformation. Right: model of immature agarase with P127 and P183 in trans conformation. Prolines P127 and P183 are shown in red and indicated by red arrows, the active site has been coloured cyan, and the allosteric site in magenta. The models were produced using I- TASSER (alpha-amylase) or Raptor-X (agarase) and UCSF chimera, and optimized with the Amber force field. ;Time course of the S. lividans TK21(pAMI11) and S.lividans ∆sli-fkbp (pAMI11) (a) S. lividans TK21(pAGAs5) and S.lividans ∆sli-fkbp (pAGAs5) (b) S.lividans TK21(pAMI11) (pFDT) and S.lividans TK21(pAMI11) (pFDTFKBP) (c) S.lividans TK21(pAGAs5) (pFDT) and S.lividans TK21(pAGAs5) (pFDTFKBP) (d).;Band corresponding to the protein with a faster mobility when Sli-FKBP was overproduced respect to the wild type was sliced out of the gel and subject to trypsin digestion and analysed by nano LC-MS/MS Triple Tof. Sequences from the mature agarase in bold were identified in the experiment. Yellow letters indicate catalytic residues. ;Top row, left to right: A, mature agarase with both P127 and P183 in cis conformation. B, agarase with P127 in trans and P183 in cis conformation. C, agarase with both P127 and P183 in trans conformation. All the structures are shown using the same orientation to show the conservation of the active site in the P127trans, P183cis conformation. In the lower row we have superposed agarose bound to the active site (green) and the allosteric processive site (red) to illustrate the suggested disruption of the allosteric site in both trans conformations (B, C) and of the active site in the double trans conformer (C).
Indoctrination and Political Development in College
Creators: name: DiPaolo, Miranda
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: This thesis explores the popular conservative notion that colleges indoctrinate students with liberal ideology. From fourteen in-depth interviews with students and alumni about their college experience and political beliefs, the thesis details qualitative data that shows that indoctrination is not occurring in colleges, using UNC-Chapel Hill as a sample. It discusses the ways in which college does affect students’ political development, looking at three main sources of change: curricular and extracurricular development, acute political events and changes in identity salience. The supplementary podcast takes a deeper look at what happens in the classroom and how it affects students’ political development.
Probing the Role of Interlayer Coupling and Coulomb Interactions on Electronic Structure in Few-Layer MoSe2 Nanostructures
Creators: name: Bradley, Aaron J.
name: Ugeda, Miguel M.
name: da Jornada, Felipe H.
name: Qiu, Diana Y.
name: Ruan, Wei
name: Zhang, Yi
name: Wickenburg, Sebastian
name: Riss, Alexander
name: Lu, Jiong
name: Mo, Sung-Kwan
name: Hussain, Zahid
name: Shen, Zhi-Xun
name: Louie, Steven G.
name: Crommie, Michael F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite the weak nature of interlayer forces in transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) materials, their properties are highly dependent on the number of layers in the few-layer two-dimensional (2D) limit. Here, we present a combined scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy and GW theoretical study of the electronic structure of high quality single- and few-layer MoSe2 grown on bilayer graphene. We find that the electronic (quasiparticle) bandgap, a fundamental parameter for transport and optical phenomena, decreases by nearly one electronvolt when going from one layer to three due to interlayer coupling and screening effects. Our results paint a clear picture of the evolution of the electronic wave function hybridization in the valleys of both the valence and conduction bands as the number of layers is changed. This demonstrates the importance of layer number and electron-electron interactions on van der Waals heterostructures, and helps to clarify how their electronic properties might be tuned in future 2D nanodevices.
Online Supplementary Materials from Expression analyses of cave mollies (Poecilia mexicana) reveal key genes involved in the early evolution of eye regression.
Creators: name: McGowan, Kerry L.
name: Passow, Courtney N.
name: Lenin Arias-Rodriguez
name: Tobler, Michael
name: Kelley, Joanna L.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Eye regression occurs across cave-dwelling populations of many species and is often coupled with a decrease or loss in eye function. Teleost fishes are among the few vertebrates to undergo widespread colonization of caves and often exhibit eye regression with blindness. Cave populations of the poeciliid fish Poecilia mexicana (cave molly) exhibit reduced—albeit functional—eyes, offering the opportunity to investigate partial eye regression. We sequenced eye transcriptomes of cave and surface populations of P. mexicana to identify differentially expressed genes that potentially underlie eye regression in cave mollies. We identified 28 significantly differentially expressed genes, 20 of which were directly related to light sensitivity, eye structure and visual signalling. Twenty-six of these genes were downregulated in cave compared to surface populations. Functional enrichment analysis revealed eye-related gene ontologies that were under-represented in cave mollies. In addition, a set of co-expressed genes related to vision and circadian rhythm was correlated with habitat type (cave versus surface). Our study suggests that differential gene expression plays a key role in the beginning evolutionary stages of eye regression in P. mexicana, shedding further light on regressive evolution in cavefish.
Understanding the Link Between Shared Laughter and Relationship Satisfaction: The Role of Conflict
Creators: name: Russell, Sydney
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Laughing with a partner has been shown to augment the positive aspects of romantic relationships and increase one’s satisfaction with their romantic partners. Prior research has only begun to uncover why shared laughter has such a positive impact on romantic relationships. The current research focuses on the ways relationship conflict impacts how shared laughter is linked to relationship satisfaction between romantic partners. I hypothesized that shared laughter buffers against the negative impacts of conflict on relationship satisfaction, and that reduced conflict mediates the link between shared laughter and relationship satisfaction. A sample of 80 romantic couples who completed 14-days of nightly reports provide support for the hypothesis that a reduction in conflict partially explains the link between shared laughter and relationship satisfaction; however, data did not provide support for the hypothesis that shared laughter protects against the negative impacts of conflict on relationship satisfaction. This research expands on the ways in which shared laughter promotes romantic relationship well-being by demonstrating conflict reduction may partially explain this link.
A new phase of massive star formation? A luminous outflow cavity centred on an infrared quiet core
Creators: name: Bonne, L.
name: Peretto, N.
name: Duarte-Cabral, A.
name: Schmiedeke, A.
name: Schneider, N.
name: Bontemps, S.
name: Whitworth, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present APEX, infrared and radio continuum observations of the G345.88-1.10 hub filament system which is a newly discovered star-forming cloud that hosts an unusually bright bipolar infrared nebulosity at its centre. At a distance of 2.26$^{+0.30}_{-0.21}$ kpc, G345.88-1.10 exhibits a network of parsec-long converging filaments. At the junction of these filaments lie four infrared-quiet fragments. The densest fragment (with M=210 M$_{\odot}$, R$_{\rm{eff}}=0.14$ pc) sits at the centre of a wide (opening angle of $\sim$ 90$\pm$15$^{o}$) bipolar nebulosity. $^{12}$CO(2-1) observations show that these infrared-bright nebulosities are spatially associated with a powerful molecular outflow from the central fragment. Negligible radio continuum and no H30$α$ emission is detected towards the cavities, seemingly excluding that ionising radiation drives the evolution of the cavities. Furthermore, radiative transfer simulations are unable to reproduce the observed combination of a low-luminosity ($\lesssim$ 500 L$_{\odot}$) central source and a surrounding high-luminosity ($\sim 4000$ L$_{\odot}$) mid-infrared-bright bipolar cavity. This suggests that radiative heating from a central protostar cannot be responsible for the illumination of the outflow cavities. To our knowledge, this is the first reported object of this type. The rarity of objects like G345.88-1.10 is likely related to a very short phase in the massive star and/or cluster formation process that was so far unidentified. We discuss whether mechanical energy deposition by one episode or successive episodes of powerful mass accretion in a collapsing hub might explain the observations. While promising in some aspects, a fully coherent scenario that explains the presence of a luminous bipolar cavity centred on an infrared-dark fragment remains elusive at this point.
description: 23 pages, 22 figures, accepted in A&A
Diffusion of the Italian social media campaign against smoking on a social network and YouTube
Creators: name: La Torre, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene
Year: 2020

description: Introduction Recently, the Italian Ministry of Health developed a health prevention campaign against tobacco smoking entitled "Ma che sei scemo? Il fumo fammale" (Are you stupid? Smoking is bad). The aim of this study was to evaluate the diffusion of the ministerial campaign by analyzing data from two web platforms, Facebook and YouTube. Method The study evaluated the dissemination of the campaign using the number of users reached, interactions and the interaction index (interactions/users reached) on the web platform Facebook and YouTube. A qualitative analysis of the text comments left by the users was also carried out. Result The average number of interactions on Facebook was 6.087 and 400 for YouTube while the total views were 356.967 for Facebook and 174.763 for YouTube. The interaction index was very low for both platforms, between 0 and 1%. A total number of 156 comments were obtained on Facebook and 37 on YouTube, most of which were negative, or comments not related to the campaign. Conclusion The Italian campaign had low diffusion on the web platforms investigated. Evidence-based public health interventions can play a central role in the prevention field but must be based on elements of scientific effectiveness. Further research should analyze the effects of social media campaigns on direct health related outcomes.
description: Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene, Vol. 61 No. 2 (2020): 2020612
On Gangesia rohitae n.sp. Cestoda: Proteocephalidae, La Rue, 1911 from a fish in Maharashtra state, India
Creators: name: Shaikh, Ishrat
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Veterinary parasitology

description: This paper contains the description of a new species of the genus Gangesia (Woodland, 1924). It differs from all the earlier reported species in having scolex large, globular, rostellar armed, large,oval; rostellar hooks, triangular, single pronged, 60 in number, mature segments,medium, squarish; testes140-150 (148), cirrus pouch medium, ovary large, bilobed; vagina posterior to cirrus pouch medium, ovary large, bilobed; vagina posterior to cirrus pouch.
(792) Ann Whitaker (Whitcher)
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Boltzmann or Bogoliubov? Approaches Compared in Gravitational Particle Production
Creators: name: Kaneta, Kunio
name: Lee, Sung Mook
name: Oda, Kin-ya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational particle production is a minimal contribution to reheating the Universe after the end of inflation. To study this production channel, two different approaches have commonly been considered, one of which is based on the Boltzmann equation, and the other is based on the Bogoliubov transformation. Each of these has pros and cons in practice. The collision term in the Boltzmann equation can be computed based on quantum field theory in the Minkowski spacetime, and thus many techniques have been developed so far. On the other hand, the Bogoliubov approach may deal with the particle production beyond the perturbation theory and is able to take into account the effect of the curved spacetime, whereas in many cases one should rely on numerical methods, such as lattice computation. We show by explicit numerical and analytical computations of the purely gravitational production of a scalar that these two approaches give consistent results for particle production with large momenta during reheating, whereas the Boltzmann approach is not capable of computing particle production out of vacuum during inflation. We also provide analytic approximations of the spectrum of produced scalar with/without mass for the low momentum regime obtained from the Bogoliubov approach.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure; matches published version
Gravitational Waves from Double Hybrid Inflation
Creators: name: Lazarides, G.
name: Panagiotakopoulos, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a two stage hybrid inflationary scenario in non-minimal supergravity which can predict values of the tensor-to-scalar ratio of the order of few times 0.01. For the parameters considered, the underlying supersymmetric particle physics model possesses two inflationary paths, the trivial and the semi-shifted one. The trivial path is stabilized by supergravity corrections and supports a first stage of inflation with a limited number of e-foldings. The tensor-to-scalar ratio can become appreciable while the value of the scalar spectral index remains acceptable as a result of the competition between the relatively mild supergravity corrections and the strong radiative corrections to the inflationary potential. The additional number of e-foldings required for solving the puzzles of hot big bang cosmology are generated by a second stage of inflation taking place along the semi-shifted path. This is possible only because the semi-shifted path is almost perpendicular to the trivial one and, thus, not affected by the strong radiative corrections along the trivial path and also because the supergravity effects remain mild. The requirement that the running of the scalar spectral index remains acceptable limits the possible values of the tensor-to-scalar ratio not to exceed about 0.05. Our model predicts the formation of an unstable string-monopole network, which may lead to detectable gravity wave signatures in future space-based laser interferometer observations.
description: 11 pages including two figures, uses Revtex, major revisions, version to be published in Phys. Rev. D
CONCERTO : Digital processing for finding and tuning LEKIDs
Creators: name: Bounmy, Julien
name: Hoarau, Christophe
name: Macías-Pérez, Juan-Francisco
name: Beelen, Alexandre
name: Benoît, Alain
name: Bourrion, Olivier
name: Calvo, Martino
name: Catalano, Andrea
name: Fasano, Alessandro
name: Goupy, Johannes
name: Lagache, Guilaine
name: Marpaud, Julien
name: Monfardini, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the on-line algorithms developed to probe Lumped Element Kinetic Inductance Detectors (LEKID) in this paper. LEKIDs are millimeter wavelength detectors for astronomy. LEKID arrays are currently operated in different instruments as: NIKA2 at the IRAM telescope in Spain, KISS at the Teide Observatory telescope in Tenerife, and CONCERTO at the APEX 12-meter telescope in Chile. LEKIDs are superconducting microwave resonators able to detect the incoming light at millimeter wavelengths and they are well adapted for frequency multiplexing (currently up to 360 pixels on a single microwave guide). Nevertheless, their use for astronomical observations requires specific readout and acquisition systems both to deal with the instrumental and multiplexing complexity, and to adapt to the observational requirements (e.g. fast sampling rate, background variations, on-line calibration, photometric accuracy, etc). This paper presents the different steps of treatment from identifying the resonance frequency of each LEKID to the continuous automatic control of drifting LEKID resonance frequencies induced by background variations.
Background-penalty-free waveguide enhancement of CARS signal in air-filled anti-resonance hollow-core fiber
Creators: name: Bahari, Aysan
name: Sower, Kyle
name: Wang, Kai
name: Han, Zehua
name: Florence, James
name: Wang, Yingying
name: Gao, Shoufei
name: Lee, Ho Wai Howard
name: Scully, Marlan
name: Zheltikov, Aleksei
name: Sokolov, Alexei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy in air-filled anti-resonance hollow-core photonic crystal fiber, otherwise known as 'revolver' fiber. We compare the vibrational coherent anti-Stokes Raman signal of N$_2$, at 2331 cm$^{-1}$, generated in ambient air (no fiber present), with the one generated in a 2.96 cm of a revolver fiber. We show a 170 times enhancement for the signal produced in the fiber, due to an increased interaction path. Remarkably, the N$_2$ signal obtained in the revolver fiber shows near-zero non-resonant background, due to near-zero overlap between the laser field and the fiber cladding. Through our study, we find that the revolver fiber properties make it an ideal candidate for the coherent Raman spectroscopy signal enhancement.
Quark anomalous magnetic moment leads to the inverse magnetic catalysis phenomena of chiral restoration and deconfinement phase transitions in $μ_B-T$ plane
Creators: name: Mao, Shijun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of quark anomalous magnetic moment (AMM) to chiral restoration and deconfinement phase transitions in baryon chemical potential-temperature $(μ_B-T)$ plane under magnetic fields is investigated in frame of a Pauli-Villars regularized PNJL model. It's found that the quark AMM plays the role of inverse catalysis to the phase transitions, and large quark AMM will change the magnetic catalysis phenomena of phase transitions to inverse magnetic catalysis in the whole $μ_B-T$ plane. For a fixed magnetic field, the critical temperature $T_c$ and critical baryon chemical potential $μ_B^c$ decreases with quark AMM. The stronger the magnetic field is, the inverse catalysis effect of AMM becomes more important. For a small AMM $κ=κ_1$, it shows the magnetic catalysis effect for critical temperature $T_c$ at vanishing $μ_B$ with increasing magnetic field, and (inverse) magnetic catalysis effect for critical baryon chemical potential $μ_B^c$ at vanishing $T$ under (weak) strong magnetic field. At finite $T$ and $μ_B$, there exist some crossings of the phase transition lines with different magnetic field. For a large AMM $κ=κ_2$, we obtain the inverse magnetic catalysis effect in the whole $μ_B-T$ plane, and no crossings of phase transition lines happen.
description: 5 pages, 3 figs. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2008.12123
Social capital and related factors in Western Iran students
Creators: name: Rezaei, Zahed
name: Karimianpour, Ghafar
name: Latifi, Arman
name: Vahabi, Ahmad
name: Amani1, Mona
name: Moradi5, Masoud
Publisher: name: Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene
Year: 2020

description: Abstract Background & Aim: Social capital involves a set of norms available in social systems which improves the interaction between people and reduces the costs of interactions and communications. The purpose of this research was to Study of the social capital of the students of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences and its related factors, 2017. Material and Methods: The method of this study was descriptive survey method. The statistical community of this study included all students of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences among whom 378 students were selected randomly as samples of the study. Delaviz questionnaire of social capital was employed for data collection and data analysis was performed using Spss software, descriptive statistics(mean, standard deviation) and Inferential statistics (U-Mann Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis). Results: The means of social capital was 70.56±10/88. Minimum and maximum mean was measured for “participation in local community” and “group participation”. In this study, There were significant associations between social capital with gender, field of study and and marital status.(p<0/01). Conclusion: Social capital as the most important factor for people dealing with stressful situations known, and can facilitate problem tolerate for them. Social capital as an important factor, can help the health and life satisfaction of students.
description: Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene, Vol. 61 No. 2 (2020): 2020612
Anti-Racism Pedagogy: A Comprehensive Review of Teacher-Led Anti-Racism Pedagogy for Black Students in Middle Childhood
Creators: name: Clahane, Madeleine
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Anti-racism education is a crucial form of pedagogy that is not commonly implemented or researched in school settings (National Center for Education Statistics [NCES], 1995). This form of education allows students to not only have a more comprehensive understanding of racial relations in the United States, but it creates a pathway of success for Black students who are typically expected to learn from a White, Eurocentric curriculum (Au, 2009). The goal of the current study was to explore the impact of anti-racism education on children in middle childhood as well as to investigate best practices in the field. Three themes emerged from this study that included discipline & teacher-student relationships, examination and consideration of the ethnoracial backgrounds of Black students, and general strategies of anti-racism teaching approaches. From this, it is the hope that policies will be created to fill the gaps in the current anti-racism educational curriculum. The findings provided important implications for educators and school districts who wish to implement anti-racism education into their classrooms. It is hoped that this study brings about discussions about next steps needed in policy, practice, and research to ensure that anti-racism education is implemented into every American school and touches the lives of every Black child.
title: Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene, Vol. 61 No. 2 (2020): 2020612
title: 2020612
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Journal Of Preventive Medicine And Hygiene
Publisher: name: Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene
Year: 2020

description: Changing epidemiology of SARS-CoV in the context of COVID-19 pandemic...E130 Safe Villages during the 1918-1919 influenza pandemic in Spain and Portugal...E137 Tuberculosis: a timeless challenge for medicine...E143 Endoneural abscess of common popliteal nerve as first clinical manifestation of leprosy: the first reported case in history in a low-incidence country....E148 Paediatric activities and adherence to vaccinations during the COVID-19 epidemic period in Tuscany, Italy: a survey for paediatricians...E125 Invasive Meningococcal Disease in Italy: from the analysis of national data to an evidence-based vaccination strategy....E152 Bacterial Invasive infections in a neonatal intensive care unit: a 13 years microbiological report from a tertiary referral centre...E162 Laboratory-based surveillance of invasive listeriosis in Northern Italy over a fourteen-year period: epidemiological and clinical results...E167 Malaria Prevalence and its Sociodemographic Determinants in Febrile Children- a Hospital-based Study in a Developing Community in South-east Nigeria....E173 Medical students’ knowledge and attitudes regarding vaccination against measles, influenza and HPV. An international multicenter study...E181 Effect of integrated Health Promotion Intervention and follow up on Health issues (clothing way, food habits, urinary habits, sexual behavior habits) Related to Urinary Tract Infection Among Pregnant women. A Randomized, Clinical Trial ...E194 Predictive factors for nutritional behavior among pregnant women attending antenatal care clinic in 6th of October City...E186 Diffusion of the Italian social media campaign against smoking on a social network and YouTube...E200 Knowledge, attitudes and practices of primary health care providers towards oral health of preschool children in Qatar...E205 Sun-safe behaviours, personal risk, level of concern, and knowledge about cutaneous melanoma in Italy: time for social marketing?...E246 What explains socioeconomic inequalities in dental flossing? Cross-sectional results from the RaNCD cohort study...E215 Efficacy of water filters for dental chair units: assessment of the filtration action versus Coxsackievirus B5...E296 Social capital and related factors in Western Iran students...E241 International epidemiology of liver cancer: geographical distribution, secular trends and predicting the future...E259 Risk factors for voice disorders in public school teachers in Cyprus...E221 Occupational categories and cardiovascular diseases incidences; A cohort study in Iranian population...E290
Parafermions in a Kagome lattice of qubits for topological quantum computation
Creators: name: Hutter, Adrian
name: Wootton, James R.
name: Loss, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Engineering complex non-Abelian anyon models with simple physical systems is crucial for topological quantum computation. Unfortunately, the simplest systems are typically restricted to Majorana zero modes (Ising anyons). Here we go beyond this barrier, showing that the $\mathbb{Z}_4$ parafermion model of non-Abelian anyons can be realized on a qubit lattice. Our system additionally contains the Abelian $D(\mathbb{Z}_4)$ anyons as low-energetic excitations. We show that braiding of these parafermions with each other and with the $D(\mathbb{Z}_4)$ anyons allows the entire $d=4$ Clifford group to be generated. The error correction problem for our model is also studied in detail, guaranteeing fault-tolerance of the topological operations. Crucially, since the non-Abelian anyons are engineered through defect lines rather than as excitations, non-Abelian error correction is not required. Instead the error correction problem is performed on the underlying Abelian model, allowing high noise thresholds to be realized.
description: 11+10 pages, 14 figures; v2: accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. X; 4 new figures, performance of phase-gate explained in more detail
(794) Whitaker Bradley
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
FUV variability of HD 189733. Is the star accreting material from its hot Jupiter?
Creators: name: Pillitteri, I.
name: Maggio, A.
name: Micela, G.
name: Sciortino, S.
name: Wolk, S. J.
name: Matsakos, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hot Jupiters are subject to strong irradiation from the host stars and, as a consequence, they do evaporate. They can also interact with the parent stars by means of tides and magnetic fields. Both phenomena have strong implications for the evolution of these systems. Here we present time resolved spectroscopy of HD~189733 observed with the Cosmic Origin Spectrograph (COS) on board to HST. The star has been observed during five consecutive HST orbits, starting at a secondary transit of the planet ($ϕ$ ~0.50-0.63). Two main episodes of variability of ion lines of Si, C, N and O are detected, with an increase of line fluxes. Si IV lines show the highest degree of variability. The FUV variability is a signature of enhanced activity in phase with the planet motion, occurring after the planet egress, as already observed three times in X-rays. With the support of MHD simulations, we propose the following interpretation: a stream of gas evaporating from the planet is actively and almost steadily accreting onto the stellar surface, impacting at $70-90°$ ahead of the sub-planetary point.
description: 35 pages, 19 Figures. Accepted for publication to ApJ
title: Quantifying 3D range of motion using off-the-shelf, low-cost cameras
Creators: name: Jackson, N
Publisher: name: Liverpool John Moores University
Year: 2023

description: Reliable reconstructions of the joint ranges of motion (ROM) of fossil archosaurs are important in establishing aspects of their appearance, behaviours and palaeoecology. These studies are complicated, however, by the fact that soft tissues, which markedly affect ROM, rarely fossilise. Whilst early reports paid this little attention, there has been a recent shift to using comparisons with the extant phylogenetic bracket of dinosaurs, along with osteological correlates, to account for missing soft tissue in ROM estimates. The digital revolution in palaeontology has enabled a new insight into these analyses, enabling researchers to conduct range of motion studies freed from the limitations of handling large, heavy and often fragile bones. Advanced workflows such as XROMM (X-ray reconstruction of moving morphology) have enabled the integration of skeletal kinematics and 3D bone models to reconstruct 3D motion in a wide range of species. Whilst traditionally, methods of digitisation and analysis were prohibitively complicated or expensive, researchers have been working on low-cost, easy-to-use methods of digitisation and analysis in order to widen the scope of these studies and enable them to be used by researchers of all disciplines. This study presents a low-cost, easy-to-use workflow applying XROMM methods and photogrammetry to an experimental setup involving two off-the-shelf GoPro cameras and easy-to-use software. The workflow’s effectiveness is evaluated a) using a LEGO wand with markers placed at a known distance to assess the setup’s ability to produce accurate and precise results and b) ascertain the workflow’s effectiveness on biological data through the dissection of an ostrich (Struthio camelus) foot. It can be concluded that, whilst the workflow retains XROMM’s ability to produce highly accurate and precise results and is potentially effective on biological data, from multiple limitations in the biological data results, it is clear that the workflow is in need of a considerable deal of refinement before it can be considered truly effective.