cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On time evolution and causality of force-free black hole magnetospheres
Creators: name: Levinson, Amir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rotational energy of a Kerr black hole is often invoked as the free energy source that powers compact astrophysical systems An important question concerning the energy extraction mechanism is whether a Kerr black hole can communicate stresses to a distant load via a surrounding, force-free magnetosphere, and whether such structures are stable. In this paper we address this question. We first re-examine the properties of short wavelength force-free waves, and show that contrary to earlier claims, fast magnetosonic disturbances do affect the global electric current flowing in the system, even in flat spacetime; beyond the light cylinder the perturbed charge density is on the order of the perturbed Goldreich-Julian charge density. This implies that the fast magnetosonic surface is a causal wind boundary. We then go on to study the evolution of a force-free system driven by a spinning-up black hole, by solving the time dependent Maxwell equations near the horizon using perturbation method. We find that the electromagnetic field, current and charge density grow exponentially in the linear regime. We conclude that after time $t=2M\ln(1/2α^2)$, where $α$ is the lapse function, the evolution will reach an adiabatic stage, whereby the solution is to a good approximation the static one, with the angular momentum of the hole being the adiabatic parameter. This implies that black hole magnetospheres are stable. A brief discussion on the relation between global current closure and causality in force-free systems is given at the end.
description: 11 pages, to appear in ApJ, typos corrected, references added
The Effect of Condensates on the Characterization of Transiting Planet Atmospheres with Transmission Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Fortney, Jonathan J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Through a simple physical argument we show that the slant optical depth through the atmosphere of a "hot Jupiter" planet is 35-90 times greater than the normal optical depth. This not unexpected result has direct consequences for the method of transmission spectroscopy for characterizing the atmospheres of transiting giant planets. The atmospheres of these planets likely contain minor condensates and hazes which at normal viewing geometry have negligible optical depth, but at slant viewing geometry have appreciable optical depth that can obscure absorption features of gaseous atmospheric species. We identify several possible condensates. We predict that this is a general masking mechanism for all planets, not just for HD 209458b, and will lead to weaker than expected or undetected absorption features. Constraints on an atmosphere from transmission spectroscopy are not the same as constraints on an atmosphere at normal viewing geometry.
description: 6 pages. MNRAS, in press. New version fixes some incorrect numbers in Table 1. References updated
Functorial properties of pro-$p$-Iwahori cohomology
Creators: name: Koziol, Karol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Suppose $F$ is a finite extension of $\mathbb{Q}_p$, $G$ is the group of $F$-points of a connected reductive $F$-group, and $I_1$ is a pro-$p$-Iwahori subgroup of $G$. We construct two spectral sequences relating derived functors on mod-$p$ representations of $G$ to the analogous functors on Hecke modules coming from pro-$p$-Iwahori cohomology. More specifically: (1) using results of Ollivier--Vignéras, we provide a link between the right adjoint of parabolic induction on pro-$p$-Iwahori cohomology and Emerton's functors of derived ordinary parts; and (2) we establish a "Poincaré duality spectral sequence" relating duality on pro-$p$-Iwahori cohomology to Kohlhaase's functors of higher smooth duals. As applications, we calculate various examples of the Hecke modules $\textrm{H}^i(I_1,π)$.
description: 35 pages. Minor changes following referee report. To appear in JLMS
Wie ehrlich sind Kunden von Mikrofinanzinstituten? Ein Bogus-Pipline-Experiment zur Untersuchung asymmetrischer Information im Mikrofinanzsektor auf den Philippinen
Creators: name: Römer, Ulf
name: Mußhoff, Oliver
name: Weber, Ron
name: Turvey, Calum
name: Römer, Ulf
name: Mußhoff, Oliver
name: Weber, Ron
name: Turvey, Calum
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Mikrofinanzierung
subject: Einkommensangaben
subject: Asymmetrische Informationen
subject: Bankbeziehung
subject: Bogus-Pipeline-Technik

description: Obgleich die Aufrichtigkeit von Kreditantragstellern in der Literatur angezweifelt wird, sind Selbstauskünfte zur Einkommenssituation maßgebend für die Kreditwürdigkeitsprüfung in der Mikrofinanzierung. Dieser Beitrag untersucht, ob Antragsteller für Mikrokredite auf den Philippinen die Höhe ihres Einkommens korrekt angeben und ob sich der Grad der Aufrichtigkeit über die Einkommenssegmente unterscheidet. Hierfür wird ein Bogus-Pipeline-Experiment durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Kreditantragsteller ihre Einkommen nicht wahrheitsgemäß angeben und dass dieser Effekt in den unteren Einkommenssegmenten stärker ausgeprägt ist als in den oberen. Ferner zeigen die Ergebnisse, dass sich mit einer längeren Kundenbeziehung die Ehrlichkeit von Kreditantragstellern erhöht.
Multiparty Quantum Coin Flipping
Creators: name: Ambainis, Andris
name: Buhrman, Harry
name: Dodis, Yevgeniy
name: Roehrig, Hein
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate coin-flipping protocols for multiple parties in a quantum broadcast setting: (1) We propose and motivate a definition for quantum broadcast. Our model of quantum broadcast channel is new. (2) We discovered that quantum broadcast is essentially a combination of pairwise quantum channels and a classical broadcast channel. This is a somewhat surprising conclusion, but helps us in both our lower and upper bounds. (3) We provide tight upper and lower bounds on the optimal bias epsilon of a coin which can be flipped by k parties of which exactly g parties are honest: for any 1 <= g <= k, epsilon = 1/2 - Theta(g/k). Thus, as long as a constant fraction of the players are honest, they can prevent the coin from being fixed with at least a constant probability. This result stands in sharp contrast with the classical setting, where no non-trivial coin-flipping is possible when g <= k/2.
description: v2: bounds now tight via new protocol; to appear at IEEE Conference on Computational Complexity 2004
title: Corporate political activity in sub-Saharan Africa : the influence of multinational enterprises in the institutionalisation of Uganda's electricity industry
Creators: name: Mbalyohere, Charles G.
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2016

description: The study investigates the extent to which Multinational Enterprises (MNEs) operating in Uganda's electricity industry engage in corporate political activity (CPA), and how this in turn influences regulatory institutionalisation. It deploys an exploratory, qualitative multi-case study approach drawing on semi-structured interviews, archival materials, media reports and fieldwork notes for data collection. Data analysis is informed by an NVivo-supported grounded analytic method. The findings indicate that MNEs deploy heterogeneous CPA strategies to respond to pro-market reform in emerging markets undergoing regulatory institutionalisation. Some of the most important responses reflect divergences in configuring the relationship with the host government and in nurturing adaptable and anticipatory political embeddedness. Deeper analysis in turn links these divergent responses to the degree of engagement with five underlying perspectives - competing multi-stakeholder demands; challenges of getting locally embedded; accommodation of Africa as an emerging political market; the implications of institutional fragility; and the demands of an evolving political environment. Uganda emerges thereby as a laboratory for diverse CPA strategies targeting other emerging markets in the region. The primary contribution to knowledge concerns the CPA research domain, adding to it perspectives on antecedents and a typology of CPA in emerging markets undergoing regulatory institutionalisation. There is a further synthesis to address political capability theory (and its integration in broader organisational capability theory) by clarifying the nature and the patterns of development of corporate political capabilities in such emerging markets. At a secondary level, there is also a contribution from an institutional theoretic perspective regarding corporate political influence on the process of emerging institutionalisation. This translates into evidence for a co-evolutionary relationship between emerging institutionalisation and CPA. Finally, there is a policy perspective that is addressed in the recommendations of the study.
Additional file 2 of Correlation analysis of stem hardness traits with fiber and yield-related traits in core collections of Gossypium hirsutum
Creators: name: Irum RAZA
name: Daowu HU
name: Adeel AHMAD
name: Hongge LI
name: Shoupu HE
name: NAZIR, Mian Faisal
name: Xiaoyang WANG
name: Yinhua JIA
name: Zhaoe PAN
name: ZHANG, Peng
name: YASIR, Muhammad
name: IQBAL, Muhammad Shahid
name: Xiaoli GENG
name: Liru WANG
name: Baoyin PANG
name: Xiongming DU
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Marine Biology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1a. Parts of cotton dry stem. Figure S1b. Plant stem strength meter. Figure S2: Frequency distribution of phenotypic variation of six stem hardness related traits BL: bending lower; AL: acupuncture lower; CL: compression lower; BU: bending upper; AU: acupuncture upper; CU; compression upper: and 7 fiber-related traits and correlation coefficients among the traits in 237 accessions. FS: fiber strength; FL: fiber length; MI: micronaire; E: elongation ratio; UP: Uniformity percentage: FE: fiber elongation; SCI: spinning consistency index; FD: days to flowering. *, **, ***:significant at P = 0.05, P= 0.01, P= 0.001, respectively. Figure S3: Frequency distribution of phenotypic variation of six-stem hardness related traits BL: bending lower; AL: acupuncture lower; CL: compression lower; BU: bending upper; AU: acupuncture upper; CU; compression upper: and seven yield-related traits and correlation coefficients among the traits in 237 accessions. PH: plant height; BW: boll weight; GP: growth period; LP: lint percentage; LI: lint index; SI: seed index; FWPB: flower weight per boll. *, **, ***: significant at P = 0.05, P= 0.01, P= 0.001, respectively.
Modelling the Effects of a Glyphosate Ban on Weed Management in Maize Production
Creators: name: Böcker, Thomas
name: Britz, Wolfgang
name: Finger, Robert
name: Böcker, Thomas
name: Britz, Wolfgang
name: Finger, Robert
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: output damage control
subject: herbicide
subject: maize
subject: glyphosate
subject: Germany

description: A bio-economic model is developed that allows a detailed representation of optimal weed management decisions. Focussing on German maize production, we apply the model to the effects of a glyphosate ban on farmers’ income, other herbicide use, maize yields and labour demand. We find that a glyphosate ban has only small income effects. Our results show that selective herbicides are not used at higher levels, but glyphosate is substituted by mechanical practices leading to higher labour demand. Slight yield reduction due to less intensive pre-sowing strategies turns out as more profitable than maintaining current yield levels.
Emphania subsmaragdina Ahrens & Fabrizi 2008, n. sp.
Creators: name: Ahrens, Dirk
name: Fabrizi, Silvia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Melolonthidae
Emphania
Emphania subsmaragdina

description: Emphania subsmaragdina n. sp.
 TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype: ♂ “ Madagascar Fianarantsoa Perrot Frères, 2 e semestre 1892” (MNHN).
 ETYMOLOGY. — Derived from Latin, sub - (dark), smaragdinus (smaragd green).
DESCRIPTION OF HOLOTYPE
 Length: 6.9 mm; length of elytra: 5.1 mm; width: 4.4 mm. Body surface dark green with greenish shine, partly reddish. Head as in E. metallica; labroclypeus more subrectangular and anterior angles strongly rounded. Eyes small, ratio of diameter/interocular width:0.56.Antennal club twice as long as the remaining antennomeres combined and slightly reflexed; antennomeres 3 and 4 almost fused. Pronotum and scutellum as in E.metallica, but basal marginal line of pronotum very fine and indistinct,widely interrupted medially. Elytra as in E. metallica, but apical interior angle blunt, apical external angle convexly rounded, and apical border convex. Metacoxa and pygidium as in E. metallica, ratio of length of metepisternum/ metacoxa: 1/2.0. Legs as in E. metallica; metatibia more slender and long, widest shortly before apex; ratio width/length: 1/5.4; the basal group of spines at basal quarter of metatibial length; medial metatibial face with one to four coarse punctures beside the dorsal margin; first metatarsomere a quarter of its length, longer than the upper tibial spur.
Aedeagus: Figure 2 M-O.
REMARKS
 The species is, in shape of parameres, very similar to E.semiviridis n. sp. It differs from E. semiviridis n. sp. by the slightly larger body size, the presence of an elytral declivity, the longer antennal club being twice as long as the remaining antennomeres combined. The hook of each paramere in E. subsmaragdina n. sp. is more abruptly bent backwards and the paramere is more slender.
description: Published as part of Ahrens, Dirk & Fabrizi, Silvia, 2008, A taxonomic revision of the Malagasy genus Emphania Erichson, 1847 (Insecta, Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Sericini), pp. 917-927 in Zoosystema 30 (4) on page 924, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4525859
DOES FINANCIAL LITERACY CONTRIBUTE TO FOOD SECURITY?
Creators: name: Carman, Katherine Grace
name: Zamarro, Gema
name: Carman, Katherine Grace
name: Zamarro, Gema
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Household food security
subject: literacy
subject: household budget
subject: household expenditure

description: Food insecurity, not having consistent access to adequate food for active, healthy lives for all household members is most common among low income households. However, income alone is not sufficient to explain who experiences food insecurity. This study investigates the relationship between financial literacy and food security. We find that low income households who exhibit financial literacy are less likely to experience food insecurity.
title: The impact of political connectedness on corporate governance disclosure : empirical evidence from Pakistan
Creators: name: Yusuf, Fatima
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2016

description: This research examines how political connectedness influences the corporate governance disclosure practices of listed companies. The research also explores the process of preparation of annual reports and seeks explanations on decision making, regarding the level and nature of corporate governance disclosure. This research uses annual report data from companies listed on the Karachi Stock Exchange from 2009-2013. The research utilises qualitative content analysis for the study of the disclosure practices of politically connected and non-connected firms. An in-depth analysis of silence has been conducted focusing on the incidence of the lack of information on corporate governance. Furthermore, semi-structured interviews have been conducted in order to seek deeper insights into the research phenomena and the triangulation of findings. The findings of the qualitative content analysis indicate that non-connected firms disclose a higher level of voluntary, as well as mandatory corporate governance information, in comparison with politically connected firms. However, the variation in the level of voluntary disclosure is found to be higher when compared with mandatory disclosure. The results of the analysis of silence indicate that politically connected firms stay silent on a diverse range of voluntary disclosure items and provide notably limited disclosure. The findings of interview data analysis are consistent with the findings of qualitative content analysis and the analysis of silence in annual reports. To make sense of the findings the research has called upon the dual perspectives offered by agency theory and rational choice institutionalism. In assessing the implications of disclosure/non-disclosure practices it is found that the decision to disclose information is driven by the self-interest and opportunism of politically connected members of the board who avoid voluntary disclosure of information. However, it is also found that rationality plays an important role and while the firms are operating in a tight regulatory environment, politically connected firms provide better mandatory disclosure.
FOOD INSECURITY AND EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT: A MULTI-LEVEL GENERALIZATION OF POISSON REGRESSION
Creators: name: Ames, Allison Jennifer
name: Ames, Glenn Clifford Webster
name: Houston, Jack Erwin
name: Angioloni, Simone
name: Ames, Allison Jennifer
name: Ames, Glenn Clifford Webster
name: Houston, Jack Erwin
name: Angioloni, Simone
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Educational achievement
subject: food insecurity
subject: generalized linear model
subject: National School Lunch Program

description: This research examined the relationship between food insecurity, the National School Lunch Program (NSLP), and academic achievement in Georgia’s public school system. Georgia is located in the southern U.S. states, where food insecurity has been particularly prevalent. A multilevel Poisson generalized linear model was used to examine the relationship between food insecurity and academic achievement. Findings confirm a strong inverse relationship between food insecurity, as exhibited by participation in the National School Lunch Program, and academic achievement for elementary-age children. The strength of the relationship between food insecurity and academic achievement was different for the younger, elementary-age students (fifth grade) than for the older, middle school-age (eighth grade) students, a key distinction between this study and other research.
Emphania erichsoni Ahrens & Fabrizi 2008, n. sp.
Creators: name: Ahrens, Dirk
name: Fabrizi, Silvia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Melolonthidae
Emphania
Emphania erichsoni

description: Emphania erichsoni n. sp.
TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype: ♂ “ Madagascar A. Mocquervs 99-96.” (BMNH).
 ETYMOLOGY. — The new species is named after W. F. Erichson who established the genus Emphania in 1847.
DESCRIPTION OF HOLOTYPE
 Length: 6.9 mm; length of elytra: 4.7 mm; width: 4.5 mm. Body surface brown with greenish shine. Head and antenna as in E. metallica; clypeal surface flat; eyes, ratio of diameter/interocular width: 0.57; antennomeres 3-5 unfused. Pronotum and scutellum as in E. metallica; basal marginal line of pronotum lacking. Elytra as in E. metallica, without convex semicircular declivity; intervals with fine and dense punctures that are superficially slightly longitudinally impressed. Metacoxa as in E. metallica, posteriorly produced forming a moderately sharp tooth. Ratio of length of metepisternum/metacoxa:1/2.2. Pygidium as in E. metallica. Legs as in E. metallica. Posterior legs lacking in the holotype.
Aedeagus: Figure 2 J-L.
B C EE
H I
REMARKS
 The new species differs from E. metallica in the smaller body size, the lacking posterior elytral declivity, the longitudinally impressed elytral punctures, the unfused antennomeres 3-5, and the shape of male genitalia having the parameres more elongate and weakly curved interiorly, without an apical hook.
description: Published as part of Ahrens, Dirk & Fabrizi, Silvia, 2008, A taxonomic revision of the Malagasy genus Emphania Erichson, 1847 (Insecta, Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Sericini), pp. 917-927 in Zoosystema 30 (4) on pages 924-926, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4525859
Universal Symmetry of Complexity and Its Manifestations at Different Levels of World Dynamics
Creators: name: Kirilyuk, Andrei P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The unreduced, universally nonperturbative analysis of arbitrary interaction process, described by a quite general equation, provides the truly complete, "dynamically multivalued" general solution that leads to dynamically derived, universal definitions of randomness, probability, chaoticity, complexity, fractality, self-organisation, and other properties, extending their axiomatic introduction in the conventional, dynamically single-valued (unitary) theory (physics/9806002, physics/0211071). Any real system emergence, structure, and behaviour can be expressed now by the universal law of conservation, or symmetry, of complexity that unifies extended versions of any (correct) symmetry, law, or "principle". Both the observed world structure and its unreduced dynamics result from that universal, unique symmetry, instead of formal imposition of separated, broken and simplified symmetries upon the existing, postulated structures in the unitary world "model". Whereas any unitary "symmetry" is regular and therefore practically always "spontaneously broken" (violated) in the real world dynamics, the universal symmetry of complexity remains always exact, but unites different, irregular, dynamically nonlinear, and intrinsically unstable patterns of unreduced world structure. It also provides the rigorous, dynamically derived expression of the ``arrow of time" (generalised entropy growth law) applicable to any real, necessarily complex system, from elementary particle to the universe. Particular applications of the universal symmetry of complexity, from fundamental physics to biology and theory of consciousness, provide old mysteries solutions and new research perspectives.
description: 8 pages, 12 eqs, 11 refs; Report presented at the Fifth International Conference "Symmetry in Nonlinear Mathematical Physics" (Kiev, 23-29 June 2003), http://www.imath.kiev.ua/~appmath/conf.html
FOOD SECURITY IN TUNISIA WITHIN WATER SCARCITY THE RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF THE MEAT SECTOR
Creators: name: Ouertani, Emna
name: Ouertani, Emna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Food security
subject: meat
subject: nutrition
subject: virtual water

description: This paper analyzes the evolution of food and nutrition security in Tunisia, judges its sustainability within water scarcity conditions and free trade areas, with a specific focus on the meat sector. For such purpose, the FAO indicators and Food Balance Sheets, as well as the Global Food Security Index are all analyzed. Virtual water, owed to meat and cereals for animal feed production and trade, was estimated to expect food security sustainability. Results indicated that Tunisian food and nutrition security (FNS) has been improved over the years, but its stability remains vulnerable because of the political and economic risks and the dependence of Tunisia on imported cereals for animal feed due to water scarcity. Tunisian agricultural policy, especially in both sectors of cereals and meat, should be readjusted to guarantee food and nutrition sustainability.
Validity of the hyperbolic Whitham modulation equations in Sobolev spaces
Creators: name: Bridges, Thomas J.
name: Kostianko, Anna
name: Zelik, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is proved that modulation in time and space of periodic wave trains, of the defocussing nonlinear Schrödinger equation, can be approximated by solutions of the Whitham modulation equations, in the hyperbolic case, on a natural time scale. The error estimates are based on existence, uniqueness, and energy arguments, in Sobolev spaces on the real line. An essential part of the proof is the inclusion of higher-order corrections to Whitham theory, and concomitant higher-order energy estimates.
description: 24 pages
ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING FOOD SECURITY IN RURAL AND URBAN FARMING HOUSEHOLDS OF BENUE STATE, NIGERIA
Creators: name: Abu, Godwin Anjeinu
name: Soom, Aondonenge
name: Abu, Godwin Anjeinu
name: Soom, Aondonenge
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Factors Affecting
subject: Food security
subject: Urban
subject: Rural
subject: Farming households
subject: Nigeria

description: The study examined factors affecting household food security status among rural and urban farming households of Benue State, Nigeria. Purposive and simple random sampling techniques were employed to obtain a sample of 180 respondents, 90 households head each from rural and urban areas. Data were collected through structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Food Security Index, Surplus/Food Insecurity Gap, Factor analysis and Probit model. Using calorie intake method, the result revealed that 53.3% and 62.2% of rural and urban households respectively were food secured. The rural and urban food secure households exceeded the recommended calorie intake by 39% and 42% respectively, while the rural and urban food insecure households fell short of recommended calorie by 24% and 26% respectively. It was also found that income of households head (p<0.10), rural households size (p<0.01), and farm size (p<0.10) had a positive impact on household food security. On the other hand, age of household head (p<0.05) and urban household size (p<0.10) had a negative relationship with household food security. Constraints such as lack of access to credits, inadequate land availability, and poverty, infertility of the soil, lack of non-farm income generating activities, storage and processing problems were identified as some of the factors militating against the achievement of food security in the study area. It was recommended that credit be provided to farming households by government to reduce the constraint of not being able to access credit facilities, the agricultural policies which aimed at promoting farmers access to land and improving farm household productivity be encouraged and that farmers be provided with informal education through extension services on nutritional awareness and non-farm income generating activities.
Emphania ranomafanae Ahrens & Fabrizi 2008, n. sp.
Creators: name: Ahrens, Dirk
name: Fabrizi, Silvia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Melolonthidae
Emphania
Emphania ranomafanae

description: Emphania ranomafanae n. sp.
TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype: ♂ “ Madagascar: Fianarantsoa: Ranomafana National Park, Talatakely, research 1998 V. F. Lee, K. J. Ribardo, leg. Calif. Acad. Sci. Collection / Casent 8006559” (CASC).
Paratype: 1 ♀ “ Madagascar: Fianarantsoa: Ranomafana National Park, Talatakely, research 1998 V. F. Lee, K. J. Ribardo, leg. Calif. Acad. Sci. Collection/Casent 8006560” (CASC).
ETYMOLOGY. — The new species is named after its occurrence in the Ranomafana National Park.
DESCRIPTION OF HOLOTYPE
 Length: 8.5 mm; length of elytra: 5.8 mm; width: 5.3 mm. Body surface brown with reddish to greenish shine. Labroclypeus and antenna as in E. metallica; eyes, ratio of diameter/interocular width: 0.53; antennomeres 3-5 not fused. Pronotum, scutellum and elytra as in E. metallica. Metacoxa and pygidium as in E. metallica. Ratio of length of metepisternum/metacoxa: 1/1.87. Legs as in E. metallica; ratio metatibial width/length: 1/4.25, medial face of metatibia with one or two punctures beside the dorsal margin.
Aedeagus: Figure 2 P-R.
VARIATION
No variation in body measurements observed.Colour varies from blackish green to reddish purple. The female has the antennal club slightly shorter and the punctures on pygidium are less distinct.
 REMARKS The species is very similar in external morphology to E. metallica, and may externally only be distinguished by the unfused antennomeres 3-5. The elongate shape of aedeagus and the weakly curved parameres provide best features for separating the taxon from all other so far known Emphania species.
description: Published as part of Ahrens, Dirk & Fabrizi, Silvia, 2008, A taxonomic revision of the Malagasy genus Emphania Erichson, 1847 (Insecta, Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Sericini), pp. 917-927 in Zoosystema 30 (4) on page 926, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4525859
DIVERGENCE OF FOOD AND NUTRITIONAL SECURITY- A STUDY ON WESTERN ODISHA
Creators: name: Chand, Digambar
name: Gartia, Rajendra
name: Chand, Digambar
name: Gartia, Rajendra
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Food security
subject: Malnutrition
subject: Nutritional security
subject: Secondary diet.

description: Food security and nutritional security are the subsets of livelihood security. Poor nutritional outcomes of infants and children arise from the poor health status of women, overall poverty, lack of hygiene and inadequate health facilities. The study discusses the divergence between food security and nutritional security in the state as a whole and the region in particular.A multi stage random sampling technique has been adopted for the collection of data.Statistical analysis used for drawing valid inferences are testing of hypothesis, chi square test, regression analysis and fitting of trend lines. In the present study an attempt has been made to address the issues namely: i) incidence of malnutrition and food insecurity through three critical links viz. children, adolescent girls and women, ii) surplus/deficit of production of cereals, pulses, food grains and oilseeds as per requirement iii) trends of production and availability of secondary diets such as egg, meat, fish and milk iv) indicators of malnutrition. Production must be diversified from cereal crop production like paddy to other crops.A life-cycle approach to management was adopted that integrates strategy, people resources, processes and measurements to improve.
Sierpi\' nski Gasket Graphs and Some of Their Properties
Creators: name: Teguia, Alberto M.
name: Godbole, Anant P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C99

description: The {\it Sierpiński fractal} or {\it Sierpiński gasket} $Σ$ is a familiar object studied by specialists in dynamical systems and probability. In this paper, we consider a graph $S_n$ derived from the first $n$ iterations of the process that leads to $Σ$, and study some of its properties, including its cycle structure, domination number and pebbling number. Various open questions are posed.
description: 14 pages, 2 Figures
Alignment and algebraically special tensors in Lorentzian geometry
Creators: name: Milson, R.
name: Coley, A.
name: Pravda, V.
name: Pravdova, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a dimension-independent theory of alignment in Lorentzian geometry, and apply it to the tensor classification problem for the Weyl and Ricci tensors. First, we show that the alignment condition is equivalent to the PND equation. In 4D, this recovers the usual Petrov types. For higher dimensions, we prove that, in general, a Weyl tensor does not possess aligned directions. We then go on to describe a number of additional algebraic types for the various alignment configurations. For the case of second-order symmetric (Ricci) tensors, we perform the classification by considering the geometric properties of the corresponding alignment variety.
description: 19 pages. Revised presentation
Participatory model building for exploring water management and climate change futures in the Okanagan Basin, British Columbia, Canada
Creators: name: Langsdale, Stacy Marie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Studies of climate change impacts on water resources show that some regions may experience negative impacts and additional strain on the ability to meet future demand. However, few practitioners have incorporated climate change into their water planning initiatives. To do so practitioners must first recognize climate change as a concern, acquire climate impacts information specific to their issues and scales, and then assess the potential impacts and adaptation options within the context of the system. Participatory modeling, in which stakeholders are actively involved in the construction of a computer model, is an effective method for accomplishing these tasks. The collaborative process fosters a shared learning experience and the model helps assess future conditions and policies. A year-long participatory modeling exercise was conducted in the Okanagan Basin in south-central British Columbia, Canada. The region's arid, snowmelt-dominated hydrology combined with recent rapid development make its water resources susceptible to climate change impacts. Participants, including water-related professionals, researchers, and representatives of non-governmental organizations, assisted in all stages of model development, from goal setting and issues identification to model calibration and testing. The completed model, constructed in STELLA™, conducts thirty-year monthly simulations of water supply and agricultural, residential, and conservation flow demands for a historic period and for the 2020's and the 2050's, using statistically downscaled climate information from the Hadley, CGCM2, and CSIRO general circulation models. The model suggests that climatic changes could impact the system more severely than population growth. Current projections show reduced ability of the system to meet demand, particularly during the dry month of August, when demand peaks. Adaptation strategies could play a role in maintaining system reliability. Participants found both the process and the resulting model valuable. They found the model to be a relevant and legitimate tool for exploring long-term water management in the Okanagan when used with the appropriate audience and with minor refinements. The model could support further dialogue with the Okanagan community to determine appropriate management options. This methodology is not limited to this case study, but is well-suited for other applications of resource management, policy development, collaborative learning and negotiation.
title: Digital Literacies for International Teacher Education: a Ghanaian perspective
Creators: name: Taner, Lisa
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2018

description: Teacher education in Sub Saharan Africa has been highlighted as key in helping to ensure inclusive and equitable quality education across the continent. Digital technologies that support new modes of teacher education can improve access and quality in developing regions (Moon and Villet, 2017a, b; Moon, 2007; Power, 2013), however little is known about how teachers develop digital literacies to enable them to effectively use these new resources, nor the ways in which student teachers are introduced to the technologies they need to support their professional development. Given the scarcity of research in this area and with teacher support and preparation having been the least examined topics in mobile learning research, this project investigated the ways in which student teachers in one College of Education in Ghana participate in learning experiences that develop their digital literacies to support their professional development throughout the college course, both on campus and in school placements. Using ethnographic approaches within a sociocultural theoretical rationale, the aim of this research was to address the gap in literature by examining the ways in which student teachers participate in learning experiences that develop their digital literacies during their training at a College of Education in Ghana. In view of the slow pace of ICT infrastructure advancement in Ghanaian schools, tutors at one college of education are encouraging the use of student teachers’ personal devices such as mobile phones to support their professional learning, both on campus and in the absence of other equipment in school placements. Smartphone use was found to be an enabling tool for students, whose formal and informal use of communication tools such as WhatsApp supported their developing professionalism and gave them access to new ways to locate and use materials for teaching and their wider professional development, including the academic requirements of their courses.
FOOD INSECURITY VULNERABILITY STATUS OF FARM HOUSEHOLDS IN NIGER- DELTA, NIGERIA.
Creators: name: Ukpe, Offiong Uma
name: Nweze, Noble Jackson
name: Arene, Chukwuemeka John
name: Ukpe, Offiong Uma
name: Nweze, Noble Jackson
name: Arene, Chukwuemeka John
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Food
subject: Households
subject: Insecurity
subject: Niger-Delta
subject: Vulnerability.

description: The study assessed the vulnerability of farm households in Niger Delta to food insecurity. Four States were randomly selected from the region. Primary data were collected from 384 crop farmers, stratified into beneficiaries and non beneficiaries of microcredit schemes using multi-stage sampling technique. The data were analyzed using Vulnerability Index Analysis. The vulnerability indicators assessed in this study were: education, farm size, land ownership status of the farmer, access to remittance, household size, farm income, age of household head, asset value, dependent relatives and co-operative membership. Results show a high level of vulnerability among non- beneficiary households (0.55) and low level of vulnerability among beneficiary households (0.47). Based on the result, the study recommended among others, that the scope of microcredit should be expanded and the volume increased to reduce farmers’ vulnerability to food insecurity in the study area.
RELATIVE VULNERABILITY OF SELECTED CARIBBEAN STATES TO CHANGES IN FOOD SECURITY DUE TO TROPICAL STORMS AND HURRICANES
Creators: name: Pemberton, Carlisle
name: Patterson-Andrews, Hazel
name: Sormeaux, Afiya De
name: Pemberton, Carlisle
name: Patterson-Andrews, Hazel
name: Sormeaux, Afiya De
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Food Security
subject: Caribbean
subject: Hurricanes
subject: Food Security Indicators
subject: Pareto rankings.

description: In this paper, the determination of the relative vulnerability of selected Caribbean states to changes in their food security status because of the incidence of tropical storms and hurricanes required the aggregation of a composite indicator of the stability of food security and a risk indicator. Linear aggregation was utilized to derive the composite indicator of the stability of food security and this approach and Pareto ranking were used to aggregate this composite indicator and the risk indicator (Annual Frequency of Hurricanes and Storms) to assess relative vulnerability. The most vulnerable states were the small island developing states (SIDS): St Kitts and Nevis, St Lucia, Dominica, Grenada and Antigua and Barbuda, supporting the position that SIDS are in a most precarious position. The least vulnerable states were Belize, Trinidad and Tobago and Jamaica. Pareto rankings and linear aggregation produced similar relative vulnerability orderings. However, Pareto rankings had the advantage of imposing fewer restrictions, such as the continuity and linearity of aggregation functions and they were able to show graphically that several countries may have the same relative vulnerability status because of the impact of different vulnerability factors, a situation that is lost in the numerical values of linear aggregation.
Pulmonary toxicity is a common phenomenon of toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids
Creators: name: Zijing Song
name: Yisheng He
name: Ma, Jiang
name: Fu, Peter P.
name: Lin, Ge
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Cancer

description: The hepatotoxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are metabolically activated in the liver to form reactive dehydro-PAs, which generate pyrrole-protein adducts leading to hepatotoxicity. Monocrotaline, but not other PAs, is also pneumotoxic, supposedly due to the migration of the liver-generated corresponding dehydro-PA into the lung to form pyrrole-protein adducts to induce pneumotoxicity. The present study investigated whether other PAs are also pneumotoxic. Metabolic activation of four representative hepatotoxic PAs, monocrotaline, retrorsine, riddelliine and clivorine, was investigated using rat liver or lung S9 incubation. All PAs produced pyrrole-protein adducts significantly in rat liver S9 but negligible in lung S9 fraction, revealing that liver is the key organ responsible for metabolic activation generating dehydro-PAs. Furthermore, these four PAs and another two PAs present in the alkaloid extract of Gynura segetum, a widely used PA-producing herb responsible for human PA poisonings in China, were orally administered to rats using the same hepatotoxic dose of 0.2 mmol/kg. All six PAs induced pneumotoxicity in rats within 48 h. The results demonstrated that pneumotoxicity could be a common phenomenon of PAs and the liver-derived dehydro-PAs might move to the lung and form pyrrole-protein adducts, leading to pulmonary toxicity.
Comparing the strain ratcheting of soil behind integral bridge abutments in field and physical modelling data
Creators: name: Morley, Douglas G
name: Madabhushi, Gopal
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2024

description: Integral bridge abutments are designed to withstand an increase in earth pressure caused by repeated thermal movements of the bridge deck. UK design is largely based on physical modelling due to challenges in recording long-term pressures in the field, however, there is a need for agreement between the two. This study compared the findings from field monitoring and physical modelling reported in the literature to explore the development of earth pressures in the backfill of integral bridges. The results show similarities between field and modelling data, with a limited pressure increase expected for many bridges due to the low strains experienced. However, the design temperature range used to estimate thermal movements may cause an overprediction of long-term pressures.
High-resolution VLA low radio frequency observations of the Perseus cluster: radio lobes, mini-halo and bent-jet radio galaxies
Creators: name: Gendron-Marsolais, Marie-Lou
name: Hlavacek-Larrondo, Julie
name: van Weeren, Reinout J.
name: Rudnick, Lawrence
name: Clarke, Tracy E.
name: Sebastian, Biny
name: Mroczkowski, Tony
name: Fabian, Andrew C.
name: Blundell, Katherine M.
name: Sheldahl, Evan
name: Nyland, Kristina
name: Sanders, Jeremy S.
name: Peters, Wendy M.
name: Intema, Huib T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first high-resolution 230-470 MHz map of the Perseus cluster obtained with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array. The high dynamic range and resolution achieved has allowed the identification of previously-unknown structures in this nearby galaxy cluster. New hints of sub-structures appear in the inner radio lobes of the brightest cluster galaxy NGC 1275. The spurs of radio emission extending into the outer X-ray cavities, inflated by past nuclear outbursts, are seen for the first time at these frequencies, consistent with spectral aging. Beyond NGC 1275, we also analyze complex radio sources harbored in the cluster. Two new distinct, narrowly-collimated jets are visible in IC 310, consistent with a highly-projected narrow-angle tail radio galaxy infalling into the cluster. We show how this is in agreement with its blazar-like behavior, implying that blazars and bent-jet radio galaxies are not mutually exclusive. We report the presence of filamentary structures across the entire tail of NGC 1265, including two new pairs of long filaments in the faintest bent extension of the tail. Such filaments have been seen in other cluster radio sources such as relics and radio lobes, indicating that there may be a fundamental connection between all these radio structures. We resolve the very narrow and straight tail of CR 15 without indication of double jets, so that the interpretation of such head-tail sources is yet unclear. Finally, we note that only the brightest western parts of the mini-halo remain, near NGC 1272 and its bent double jets.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS