cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Axisymmetric bubble pinch-off at high Reynolds numbers
Creators: name: Gordillo, José Manuel
name: Sevilla, Alejandro
name: Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Javier
name: Martínez-Bazán, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analytical considerations and potential flow numerical simulations of the pinch-off of bubbles at high Reynolds numbers reveal that the bubble minimum radius, $r_n$, decreases as $τ\propto r_n^2 \, (-\ln{r_n^2})^{1/2}$, where $τ$ is the time to break-up, when the local shape of the bubble near the singularity is symmetric. However, if the gas convective terms in the momentum equation become of the order of those of the liquid, the bubble shape is no longer symmetric and the evolution of the neck changes to a $r_n\proptoτ^{1/3}$ power law. These findings are verified experimentally.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Thermal Characterization of Tl$_2$LiYCl$_6$:Ce (TLYC)
Creators: name: Watts, M. M.
name: Mesick, K. E.
name: Bartlett, K. D.
name: Coupland, D. D. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tl$_2$LiYCl$_6$:Ce (TLYC) is a new dual-detection elpasolite scintillator that can detect and distinguish between gamma rays and neutrons using pulse-shape discrimination (PSD). It has a higher density and Z-number than the more mature and well-known elpasolite Cs$_2$LiYCl$_6$:Ce (CLYC), causing it to have a significantly better gamma-ray stopping power. These properties make TLYC an attractive alternative to CLYC for resource-constrained applications where size and weight are important, such as space or national security applications. Such applications may be subjected to a wide range of temperatures, and therefore TLYC's performance was characterized for the first time over a temperature range of -20$^{\circ}$C to +50$^{\circ}$C in 10$^{\circ}$C increments. TLYC's thermal response effects on light-output linearity with energy, gamma-ray photopeak energy resolution, detected neutron energy, pulse shapes, and figure of merit is analyzed and reported. The light output of TLYC was found to be linear with energy over the tested temperature range and was observed to decrease with increasing temperature. The decay time of the scintillation light output was observed to decrease with decreasing temperature at short times, leading to a decreasing PSD figure of merit. The gamma-ray photopeak energy resolution was also observed to degrade with decreasing temperature, due to an asymmetric broadening of the photopeak at low temperatures.
Additional file 3 of Gene expression in a paleopolyploid: a transcriptome resource for the ciliate Paramecium tetraurelia
Creators: name: Arnaiz, Olivier
name: Jean-François Goût
name: Bétermier, Mireille
name: Bouhouche, Khaled
name: Cohen, Jean
name: Duret, Laurent
name: Kapusta, Aurélie
name: Meyer, Eric
name: Sperling, Linda
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Figure S2. Subfunctionalization of ohnologs of the recent WGD. Log-transformed autogamy time course for a family of 4 ohnologs, taken from ParameciumDB gene pages. The colored bars represent different biological replicates for each time point (see ParameciumDB gene pages for details). From top to bottom, the ParameciumDB accession numbers are GSPATG00035959001, GSPATG00008040001, GSPATG00007828001 and GSPATG00005693001. Only the top two genes are differentially expressed during autogamy, and are found in the "early peak" and "intermediate induction" clusters respectively. The dendrogram drawn on the left indicates the recent and intermediate WGD relationships of the 4 genes. (PDF 793 KB)
Field-Induced Resistive Switching in Metal-Oxide Interfaces
Creators: name: Tsui, S.
name: Baikalov, A.
name: Cmaidalka, J.
name: Sun, Y. Y.
name: Wang, Y. Q.
name: Xue, Y. Y.
name: Chu, C. W.
name: Chen, L.
name: Jacobson, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the polarity-dependent field-induced resistive switching phenomenon driven by electric pulses in perovskite oxides. Our data show that the switching is a common occurrence restricted to an interfacial layer between a deposited metal electrode and the oxide. We determine through impedance spectroscopy that the interfacial layer is no thicker than 10 nm and that the switch is accompanied by a small capacitance increase associated with charge accumulation. Based on interfacial I-V characterization and measurement of the temperature dependence of the resistance, we propose that a field-created crystalline defect mechanism, which is controllable for devices, drives the switch.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Bare Quark Stars or Naked Neutron Stars ? The Case of RX J1856.5-3754
Creators: name: Turolla, Roberto
name: Zane, Silvia
name: Drake, Jeremy J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a cool neutron star (T < 1.e6 K) endowed with a rather high magnetic field (B > 1.e13 G), a phase transition may occur in the outermost layers. As a consequence the neutron star becomes `bare', i.e. no gaseous atmosphere sits on the top of the crust. The surface of a cooling, bare neutron star does not necessarily emit a blackbody spectrum because the emissivity is strongly suppressed at energies below the electron plasma frequency, omega_p. Since omega_p ~ 1 keV under the conditions typical of the denseelectron gas in the condensate, the emission from a T ~ 100 eV bare neutron star will be substantially depressed with respect to that of a perfect Planckian radiator at most energies. Here we present a detailed analysis of the emission properties of a bare neutron star. In particular, we derive the surface emissivity for a Fe composition in a range of magnetic fields and temperatures representative of cooling isolated neutron stars, like RX J1856.5-3754. We find that the emitted spectrum is strongly dependent on the electron conductivity in the solid surface layers. In the cold electron gas approximation (no electron-lattice interactions), the spectrum turns out to be a featureless depressed blackbody in the 0.1-2 keV band with a steeper low-energy distribution. When damping effects due to collisions between electrons and the ion lattice (mainly due to electron-phonon interactions) are accounted for, the spectrum is more depressed depending on the magnetic field strength. Details of the emitted spectrum are found, however, to be strongly dependent of the assumed treatment of the transition from the external vacuum to the metallic surface. The implications of out results to RX J1856.5-3754 and other isolated neutron stars are discussed.
description: 20 pages including 10 figures, Latex; corrected expressions for the conductivities; accepted for publication in the ApJ
Macraspis xanthosticta subsp. nigripennis Benderitter 1923
Creators: name: Moore, Matthew Robert
name: Jameson, Mary Liz
name: Paucar-Cabrera, Aura
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Rutelidae
Macraspis
Macraspis xanthosticta
Macraspis xanthosticta nigripennis benderitter, 1923

description: Macraspis xanthosticta nigripennis Benderitter, 1923
 Macraspis xanthosticta var. nigripennis Benderitter, 1923: 216–217 [original combination, available name].
 Macraspis xanthosticta forma nigripennis (Benderitter) [Machatschke 1972: 72].
 Macraspis xanthosticta var. nigripennis Benderitter [Soula 1998: 43].
 Macraspis xanthosticta Burmeister, 1844: 359 [new synonym by Krajcik 2007: 81].
description: Published as part of Moore, Matthew Robert, Jameson, Mary Liz & Paucar-Cabrera, Aura, 2014, Taxonomic and nomenclatural changes in the anticheirine scarabs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Rutelini), pp. 1-20 in Insecta Mundi 2014 (392) on page 9, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5179722
MOESM2 of Continuing evolution of H6N2 influenza a virus in South African chickens and the implications for diagnosis and control
Creators: name: Abolnik, Celia
name: Strydom, Christine
name: Rauff, Dionne
name: Wandrag, Daniel
name: Petty, Deryn
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2: Table S1b. Percentage amino sequence identity in the HA proteins of all sub-lineage I viruses.
Revisiting turbulence small-scale behavior using velocity gradient triple decomposition
Creators: name: Das, Rishita
name: Girimaji, Sharath S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Turbulence small-scale behavior has been commonly investigated in literature by decomposing the velocity-gradient tensor ($A_{ij}$) into the symmetric strain-rate ($S_{ij}$) and anti-symmetric rotation-rate ($W_{ij}$) tensors. To develop further insight, we revisit some of the key studies using a triple decomposition of the velocity-gradient tensor. The additive triple decomposition formally segregates the contributions of normal-strain-rate ($N_{ij}$), pure-shear ($H_{ij}$) and rigid-body-rotation-rate ($R_{ij}$). The decomposition not only highlights the key role of shear, but it also provides a more accurate account of the influence of normal-strain and pure rotation on important small-scale features. First, the local streamline topology and geometry are described in terms of the three constituent tensors in velocity-gradient invariants' space. Using DNS data sets of forced isotropic turbulence, the velocity-gradient and pressure field fluctuations are examined at different Reynolds numbers. At all Reynolds numbers, shear contributes the most and rigid-body-rotation the least toward the velocity-gradient magnitude ($A^2$). Especially, shear contribution is dominant in regions of intermittency (high values of $A^2$). It is also shown that the high-degree of enstrophy intermittency reported in literature is due to the shear contribution toward vorticity rather than that of rigid-body-rotation. The study also provides an explanation for the absence of intermittency of the pressure-Laplacian, despite the strong intermittency of enstrophy and dissipation fields. Overall, it is demonstrated that triple decomposition offers unique and deeper understanding of velocity-gradient behavior in turbulence.
Finding Clusters of Measurement Invariant Items for Continuous Covariates
Creators: name: Schulze, Daniel
name: Pohl, Steffi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Measurement invariance (MI) cannot always be achieved for the full length of a test or questionnaire, leading researchers to seek for measurement invariant item subsets. Previous approaches either 1) can only analyze group covariates or 2) make implicit assumptions on the nature of MI and then yield a single item set. We provide a general approach for identifying invariant item sets via structural equation modeling that can be applied to dichotomous as well as continuous covariates. It yields multiple item clusters of close measurement invariant items and gives researchers comprehensive insight into the non-MI structure of a test. Furthermore, it allows making well-justified decisions on their assumptions when inferring on group differences or relationships with other variables. The proposed approach performed well in an extensive simulation study. We illustrate the usage and merits of the approach with empirical data on mood states.
MOESM1 of Clinical vitamin-A deficiency and associated factors among pregnant and lactating women in Northwest Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Abebaw Baytekus
name: Amare Tariku
name: Debie, Ayal
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 1. : English version questionnaire.
Universal control of quantum subspaces and subsystems
Creators: name: Zanardi, P.
name: Lloyd, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a broad dynamical-algebraic framework for analyzing the quantum control properties of a set of naturally available interactions. General conditions under which universal control is achieved over a set of subspaces/subsystems are found. All known physical examples of universal control on subspaces/systems are related to the framework developed here.
description: 4 Pages RevTeX, Some typos fixed, references added
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA CERTIFICAÇÃO E DA RASTREABILIDADE PARA GARANTIA DE COMPETITIVIDADE NO AGRONEGÓCIO: CONCEITOS E PROPOSTA DE UM MODELO ANALÍTICO
Creators: name: Conceição, Junia Rodrigues
name: Barros, Alexandre Lahóz Mendonça De
name: Conceição, Junia Rodrigues
name: Barros, Alexandre Lahóz Mendonça De
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: certificação
subject: rastreabilidade
subject: agronegócio
subject: voluntária e compulsória

description: A discussão econômica sobre a certificação de produtos agrícolas é ampla e complexa. A discussão sobre qual é o nível adequado da intervenção governamental na certificação é atual e muito procedente. A teoria tem demonstrado que a certificação obrigatória é mais eficiente para mercados onde há assimetria de informação e pouco eficientes para questões ambientais ou outras externalidades associadas à produção ou consumo. (Golan et alli, 2000). O presente trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar um arcabouço analítico que permita organizar as peças fundamentais a serem trabalhadas no que concerne ao processo de certificação e rastreabilidade na cadeia de carne vermelha.
MOESM1 of Continuing evolution of H6N2 influenza a virus in South African chickens and the implications for diagnosis and control
Creators: name: Abolnik, Celia
name: Strydom, Christine
name: Rauff, Dionne
name: Wandrag, Daniel
name: Petty, Deryn
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1a. Percentage nucleotide sequence identity in the HA genes of sub-lineage I viruses isolated since 2015.
Collapsing Categories is Often More Advantageous than Modeling Sparse Data: Investigations in the CFA Framework
Creators: name: DiStefano, Christine
name: Dexin Shi
name: Morgan, Grant B.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: When questionnaires include Likert scales, items endorsed by relatively few respondents may result from characteristics of examinees or the constructs under study. Researchers may collapse categories to increase cell sample size; however, effects of this practice have not been systematically investigated. A five-point ordinal scale was simulated where data included few responses in extreme categories. Different estimators were applied to sparsely distributed and collapsed category data; characteristics of sample size, number of categories, number of items including sparse data, and percentage of sparse data were manipulated. Collapsing categories were advantageous for ULSMV and WLSMV, yielding higher convergence rates, more accurate estimation of parameters and standard errors, and chi-square test rejection rates close to the nominal level. With many response categories (e.g., ≥5), treating sparse data as continuous and using MLMV may serve as an alternative, especially when a small percentage of total items contain low cell frequencies.
Cyclocynips tumorvirgae Melika & Tang 2013
Creators: name: IRENE LOBATO-VILA
name: ALBA SALA-NISHIKAWA
name: GEORGE MELIKA
name: GRAHAM N. STONE
name: CHANGTI TANG
name: MAN-MIAO YANG
name: ZHIQIANG FANG
name: YING ZHU
name: YIPING WANG
name: SUNGHOON JUNG
name: JAMES A. NICHOLLS
name: JULI PUJADE-VILLAR
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Cynipidae
Cyclocynips
Cyclocynips tumorvirgae

description: Cyclocynips tumorvirgae Melika & Tang, 2013
Cyclocynips tumorvirgae Melika & Tang in Melika et al. (2013: 541), ǒ.
Distribution. Taiwan (Melika et al. 2013: 544)
Biology. Only the asexual generation has been described, which induces integral twig galls on Q. glauca Thunb. (sect. Cyclobalanopsis) (Table 1; Melika et al. 2013).
description: Published as part of IRENE LOBATO-VILA, ALBA SALA-NISHIKAWA, GEORGE MELIKA, GRAHAM N. STONE, CHANGTI TANG, MAN-MIAO YANG, ZHIQIANG FANG, YING ZHU, YIPING WANG, SUNGHOON JUNG, JAMES A. NICHOLLS & JULI PUJADE-VILLAR, 2022, A catalogue, revision, and regional perspective of Eastern Palaearctic and Oriental oak gall wasps and their inquilines (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini, Synergini, Ceroptresini), pp. 1-71 in Zootaxa 5161 (1) on page 18, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5161.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6793652
REPASSE DAS VARIAÇÕES DA TAXA DE CÂMBIO NOS PRECOS DO VAREJO: UMA ANALISE COM DADOS DO ÍNDICE DE PREÇOS AO CONSUMIDOR DE CAMPO GRANDE
Creators: name: Sabadin, Catiana
name: Gordim, Mara Huebra
name: Jordam, Jaimw
name: Sabadin, Catiana
name: Gordim, Mara Huebra
name: Jordam, Jaimw
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: transmissão de preços
subject: repasse cambial
subject: preço do óleo

description: O Objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o repasse cambial do preço a varejo do óleo comestível na cidade de Campo Grande. Utiliza-se um modelo de formação de preços no varejo baseado na tendência da taxa de cambio pela transformação de Koyck . Estatisticamente foi utilizado o método de series temporais entre preços do óleo e a taxa de câmbio e se estabeleceu que existe uma relação de co-integração entre os preços do óleo e a taxa de câmbio no médio prazo aplicou-se o Método de Correção dos Erros e foram obtidos os seguintes resultados: (a) a elasticidade do repasse cambial nos preços do óleo ao varejo no curto prazo é muito reduzida (b) no médio prazo o repasse cambial é parcial (c) o repasse cambial explica uma redução dos preços de óleo comestível de -2,77% em 2005 mas a queda do preço do óleo comestível é de -7,25%.
MOESM2 of Anemia and red blood cell transfusion practice in prolonged mechanically ventilated patients admitted to a specialized weaning center: an observational study
Creators: name: Ghiani, Alessandro
name: Sainis, Alexandros
name: Sainis, Georgios
name: Neurohr, Claus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S1, Comparison of number and percentage of different isolated pathogens according to the type of nosocomial infection; Table S2. Comparison of number of different isolated MDR pathogens according to the type of nosocomial infection; Figure S1. Percentage of different pathogens in patients with nosocomial infections.
TRANSACTION COSTS, RISK AVERSION, AND CHOICE OF TENURE REVISITED
Creators: name: Baron, Donald
name: Baron, Donald
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1980
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Leasing contracts
subject: Tenure
subject: Allocative efficiency
subject: Transaction costs

description: The related questions of how tenants and landlords choose leasing contracts and how these contracts affect efficient allocation of resources continue to divide economists This article rejects answers suggested by transaction cost models developed by Cheung and by Ip and Stahl and argues that among risk-averse farmers, contract choice is determined by the relative intensities of tenant and landlord aversion to risk The risk model examined here suggested that all contract forms - whether fixed rent, fixed wage, or crop share - can generally achieve the same allocative efficiency
Frequency combs in a microring optical parametric oscillator
Creators: name: Villois, Alberto
name: Kondratiev, Nikita M.
name: Breunig, Ingo
name: Puzyrev, Danila N.
name: Skryabin, Dmitry V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the soliton frequency comb generation in microring optical parametric oscillators operating in the down-conversion regime and with the simultaneous presence of the $χ^{(2)}$ and Kerr nonlinearities. The combs are studied considering a typical geometry of a bulk LiNbO$_3$ toroidal resonator with the normal group velocity dispersion spanning an interval between the pump and the down-converted signal. We have identified critical power signaling a transition between the relatively low pump power predominantly $χ^{(2)}$ combs and the high pump power ones shaped by the competition between the $χ^{(2)}$ and Kerr nonlinearities.
Heavy Quark Symmetry in Nonleptonic B-Decays to Excited Charmed Mesons
Creators: name: Mantry, Sonny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show in a model independent way the equality of the branching fractions and strong phases for B-> D_1M and B-> D_2^*M at leading order in Lambda _{QCD}/Q and alpha_s(Q) where Q={m_b,m_c,E_M} and M is a light meson. These results apply in the color allowed and color suppressed channels and follow from a factorization theorem in SCET combined with heavy quark symmetry. The expected heavy quark symmetry suppression of leading order contributions in the color allowed sector based on analysis of semileptonic decays, is shown to disappear at maximum recoil. Subleading corrections are suppressed by at least one power of Lambda_{QCD}/Q and this is explicitly verified for subleading semileptonic form factors at maximum recoil.
description: 22 pages, 5 figures, typos corrected, references added, discussion on subleading effects clarified, replaced version accepted for publication in Phys.Rev.D
Evaluation of the spectrum of a quantum system using machine learning based on incomplete information about the wavefunctions
Creators: name: Burlak, Gennadiy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an effective approach to rapid estimation of the energy spectrum of quantum systems with the use of machine learning (ML) algorithm. In the ML approach (back propagation), the wavefunction data known from experiments is interpreted as the attributes class (input data), while the spectrum of quantum numbers establishes the label class (output data). To evaluate this approach, we employ two exactly solvable models with the random modulated wavefunction amplitude. The random factor allows modeling the incompleteness of information about the state of quantum system. The trial wave functions fed into the neural network, with the goal of making prediction about the spectrum of quantum numbers. We found that in such configuration, the training process occurs with rapid convergence if the number of analyzed quantum states is not too large. The two qubits entanglement is studied as well. The accuracy of the test prediction (after training) reached 98 percent. Considered ML approach opens up important perspectives to plane the quantum measurements and optimal monitoring of complex quantum objects.
Which is the lower-cost conservation strategy: long- or short-term agreements?
Creators: name: Hansen, LeRoy
name: Hellerstein, Daniel
name: Hansen, LeRoy
name: Hellerstein, Daniel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Public Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: conservation program costs
subject: personal rate of discount
subject: rental payments
subject: long-term contradct costs
subject: reducing program costs

description: Historically, long-term agreements offer an upfront payment as opposed to a series of annual payments. Past research suggests that public preferences for upfront payments are greater than the present-value sum of a series of annual payments. If this condition holds, then program costs can be lowered by offering upfront payments. The driving force behind this condition is that individuals’ have personal rates of discount (PRD) that exceed market discount rates. The objective of this analysis is to use behavior data to test whether landowners’ have PRDs that exceed market. We use contract data from three USDA wetland conservation strategies. Two of the strategies offer annual payments and one offers an upfront payment. This variation allows us to directly test the hypothesis that there is no difference between prds and the market rate. Our results lead us to reject this hypothesis.
Sample Size Recommendations for Continuous-Time Models: Compensating Shorter Time Series with Larger Numbers of Persons and Vice Versa
Creators: name: Hecht, Martin
name: Zitzmann, Steffen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Autoregressive modeling has traditionally been concerned with time-series data from one unit (N = 1). For short time series (T T, another source of information is often available for model estimation, that is, the persons (N > 1). In this work, we illustrate the N/T compensation effect: With an increasing number of persons N at constant T, the model estimation performance increases, and vice versa, with an increasing number of time points T at constant N, the performance increases as well. Based on these observations, we develop sample size recommendations in the form of easily accessible N/T heatmaps for two popular autoregressive continuous-time models.
Optimal Brand and Generic Advertising Policies in a Dynamic Differentiated Product Oligopoly
Creators: name: Tchumtchoua, Sylvie
name: Cotterill, Ronald
name: Tchumtchoua, Sylvie
name: Cotterill, Ronald
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: brand advertising
subject: generic advertising
subject: dynamic oligopoly
subject: Markov perfect equilibrium
subject: Bayesian analysis

description: In some product categories, generic advertising is used to increase market demand of the category and at the same time brand advertising is used to entice consumers to choose the advertised brand over competing brands. This paper empirically investigates the optimal levels of brand and generic advertising in a dynamic differentiated product oligopoly. A nested logit demand system incorporating brand and generic advertising goodwill stocks is specified and estimated without imposing any supply-side restrictions. Demand side parameters are then used to calibrate a dynamic game of brand and generic advertising that takes into account the vertical relationship between manufacturers and retailers. Estimates from the fluid milk product category indicate that brand advertising is effective for increasing brand level demand and generic advertising has a differential effect on individual brands. On the supply side, we found that it is not optimal for brand manufacturers to advertise in the presence of generic advertising.
Evolution of the Nuclear Accretion Disk Emission in NGC 1097: Getting Closer to the Black Hole
Creators: name: Storchi-Bergmann, T.
name: Nemmen, R.
name: Eracleous, M.
name: Halpern, J. P.
name: Filippenko, A. V.
name: Ruiz, M. T.
name: Smith, R. C.
name: Nagar, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of the broad, double-peaked Halpha emission-line profile of the LINER/Seyfert 1 nucleus of NGC 1097, using 24 spectra obtained over a time span of 11 yrs - from 1991 Nov. through 2002 Oct. While in the first 5 yrs the main variation was in the relative intensity of the blue and red peaks, in the last years we have also observed an increasing separation between the two peaks, at the same time as the integrated flux in the broad line has decreased. We propose a scenario in which the emission originates in an asymmetric accretion disk around a supermassive black hole, whose source of ionization is getting dimmer, causing the region of maximum emission to come closer to the center (and thus to regions of higher projected velocity). We use the observations to constrain the evolution of the accretion disk emission and to evaluate two models: the elliptical disk model previously found to reproduce the observations from 1991 to 1996 and a model of a circular disk with a single spiral arm. We favor the latter, because the whole set of data is consistent with a monotonic precession of the spiral pattern, which has completed almost two revolutions since 1991. The precession period implies a black hole mass of approximately 5x10^7 solar masses. Finally, we have found tentative evidence of the emergence of an accretion disk wind, which we hope to explore further with future observations.
description: 34 pages, Latex, 14 eps figures, to appear in ApJ, Main Journal, Dec. 1st issue
Thyridium blanchardi subsp. violacea Ohaus 1898
Creators: name: Moore, Matthew Robert
name: Jameson, Mary Liz
name: Paucar-Cabrera, Aura
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Sordariomycetes
Pottiales
Thyridiaceae
Thyridium
Thyridium blanchardi
Thyridium blanchardi violacea ohaus, 1898

description: Thyridium blanchardi violacea Ohaus, 1898
 Thyridium blanchardi var. violacea Ohaus, 1898: 59 [original combination, available name]. Ptenomela blanchardi var. violacea (Ohaus) [new combination by Arrow 1899: 363].
 Ptenomela blanchardi forma violacea (Ohaus) [Machatschke 1972: 62].
 Ptenomela blanchardi var. violacea (Ohaus) [Soula 2002a: 261].
 Ptenomela blanchardi (Kirsch, 1870: 350–351) [new synonym by Krajcik 2007: 116].
 Available Names According to ICZN Article 45.6.4.1. The following names are available according to ICZN Article 45.6.4.1: “A name that is infrasubspecific under Article 45.6.4 is nevertheless deemed to be subspecific from its original publication if, before 1985, it was either adopted as the valid name of a species or subspecies or was treated as a senior homonym.”
These names were proposed as varieties and were infrasubspecific and unavailable in their original publications (i.e. they were clearly proposed for a rank below that of subspecies). Prior to 1985 these names were elevated to subspecific status, making them available species-group names from their original publication. Below, the first catalog entry is the available name; the last catalog entry reflects the current status (but not necessarily validity) of the name.
description: Published as part of Moore, Matthew Robert, Jameson, Mary Liz & Paucar-Cabrera, Aura, 2014, Taxonomic and nomenclatural changes in the anticheirine scarabs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Rutelini), pp. 1-20 in Insecta Mundi 2014 (392) on pages 9-10, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5179722
Finding clusters of measurement invariant items for continuous covariates
Creators: name: Schulze, Daniel
name: Pohl, Steffi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Measurement invariance (MI) cannot always be achieved for the full length of a test or questionnaire, leading researchers to seek for measurement invariant item subsets. Previous approaches either 1) can only analyze group covariates or 2) make implicit assumptions on the nature of MI and then yield a single item set. We provide a general approach for identifying invariant item sets via structural equation modeling that can be applied to dichotomous as well as continuous covariates. It yields multiple item clusters of close measurement invariant items and gives researchers comprehensive insight into the non-MI structure of a test. Furthermore, it allows making well-justified decisions on their assumptions when inferring on group differences or relationships with other variables. The proposed approach performed well in an extensive simulation study. We illustrate the usage and merits of the approach with empirical data on mood states.
Approximation Theory for Matrices
Creators: name: Kennedy, A. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the theory of optimal polynomial and rational Chebyshev approximations, and Zolotarev's formula for the sign function over the range (ε\leq |z| \leq1). We explain how rational approximations can be applied to large sparse matrices efficiently by making use of partial fraction expansions and multi-shift Krylov space solvers.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Frame expansions with erasures: an approach through the non-commutative operator theory
Creators: name: Vershynin, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46B09, 47B10, 94A12, 42C15

description: In modern communication systems such as the Internet, random losses of information can be mitigated by oversampling the source. This is equivalent to expanding the source using overcomplete systems of vectors (frames), as opposed to the traditional basis expansions. Dependencies among the coefficients in frame expansions often allow for better performance comparing to bases under random losses of coefficients. We show that for any n-dimensional frame, any source can be linearly reconstructed from only (n log n) randomly chosen frame coefficients, with a small error and with high probability. Thus every frame expansion withstands random losses better (for worst case sources) than the orthogonal basis expansion, for which the (n log n) bound is attained. The proof reduces to M.Rudelson's selection theorem on random vectors in the isotropic position, which is based on the non-commutative Khinchine's inequality.
description: 12 pages
ExoMol molecular line lists XXXVI: $X\ {}^2Π- X\ {}^2Π$ and $A\ {}^2Σ^+ - X\ {}^2Π$ transitions of SH
Creators: name: Gorman, Maire N.
name: Yurchenko, Sergei N.
name: Tennyson, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The GYT line list covering rotational, rovibrational and rovibronic transitions of the mercapto radical SH is presented. This work extends and replaces the SNaSH line list [Yurchenko et al., 2018, MNRAS, 478, 270] which covers the ground (electronic) $X$ $^{2}Π$ state only. This extension is prompted by the tentative identification of the ultra-violet features of SH as being of importance in the transmission spectrum of the ultra-hot Jupiter exoplanet WASP-121b [Evans et al., 2018, AJ., 156, 283]. This GYT line list model is generated by fitting empirical potential energy, spin-orbit and electronic angular momenta functions to experimentally measured wavelengths within the $X$ $^{2}Π$ and $A$ $^{2}Σ^{+}$ states and to the $A$ $^{2}Σ^{+}$ - $X$ $^{2}Π$ band system using ab initio curves as a starting reference point. The fits are compatible with the quoted uncertainty of the experimental data used of $\sim$ 0.03 - 0.3 cm$^{-1}$. The GYT line list covers wavelengths longer than 0.256 $μ$m and includes 7686 rovibronic states and 572 145 transitions for $^{32}$SH. Line lists for the $^{33}$SH, $^{34}$SH, $^{36}$SH and $^{32}$SD isotopologues are generated including a consideration of non-Born-Oppenheimer effects for SD. The line lists are available from the CDS (http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr) and ExoMol (www.exomol.com) data bases.
Cyclocynips uberis Melika & Tang 2013
Creators: name: IRENE LOBATO-VILA
name: ALBA SALA-NISHIKAWA
name: GEORGE MELIKA
name: GRAHAM N. STONE
name: CHANGTI TANG
name: MAN-MIAO YANG
name: ZHIQIANG FANG
name: YING ZHU
name: YIPING WANG
name: SUNGHOON JUNG
name: JAMES A. NICHOLLS
name: JULI PUJADE-VILLAR
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Cynipidae
Cyclocynips
Cyclocynips uberis

description: Cyclocynips uberis Melika & Tang, 2013
Cyclocynips uberis Melika & Tang, 2013 in Melika et al. (2013: 536), ǒ.
Distribution. Taiwan (Melika et al. 2013: 541).
Biology. Only the asexual generation has been described, which induces integral twig galls on Q. longinux Hayata (sect. Cyclobalanopsis) (Table 1; Melika et al. 2013).
description: Published as part of IRENE LOBATO-VILA, ALBA SALA-NISHIKAWA, GEORGE MELIKA, GRAHAM N. STONE, CHANGTI TANG, MAN-MIAO YANG, ZHIQIANG FANG, YING ZHU, YIPING WANG, SUNGHOON JUNG, JAMES A. NICHOLLS & JULI PUJADE-VILLAR, 2022, A catalogue, revision, and regional perspective of Eastern Palaearctic and Oriental oak gall wasps and their inquilines (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini, Synergini, Ceroptresini), pp. 1-71 in Zootaxa 5161 (1) on page 18, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5161.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6793652
Water Policy Reform in Victoria: A Spatial Equilibrium Approach
Creators: name: Eigenraam, M.
name: Stoneham, G.
name: Branson, Jane
name: Sappideen, B.
name: Jones, R.
name: Eigenraam, M.
name: Stoneham, G.
name: Branson, Jane
name: Sappideen, B.
name: Jones, R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: In February 1994, the Council of Australian Governments (COAG) endorsed a strategic framework for water sector reform in Australia to be implemented by the year 2001. In response to the COAG strategy, a project was initiated in association with the NSW Agriculture and the Victorian Water Bureau to assess the economic welfare effects of different water policy reforms. A spatial equilibrium model was developed to facilitate evaluation of policy measures. The purpose of this paper is to report on the development of a spatial equilibrium model of the Victorian irrigation sector. At this stage, only a basic set of results from the model has been presented. However, three interesting observations emerge. The first is that the relatively abundant supply of water in Victoria limits the ability of markets to discover prices for water. Trade in water is dominated by only a few demand and supply centres which make up over half of all water transactions. Finally, water movement constraints are responsible for a prediction that the traded price of water will vary between two regional trade blocks.
Generation and Evolution of Spin Entanglement in NRQED
Creators: name: Liu, Ru-Fen
name: Chen, Chia-Chu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A complete analysis on the generation of spin entanglement from NRQED is presented. The results of entanglement are obtained with relativistic correction to the leading order of (v/c)^2. It is shown that to this order the degree of entanglement of a singlet state does not change under time evolution whereas the triplet state can change.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure, to appear in Phys. Rev. A
MOESM1 of Cost effectiveness of different screening strategies for gestational diabetes mellitus screening: study protocol of a randomized community non-inferiority trial
Creators: name: Fahimeh Ramezani Tehrani
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: PART 1: Prenatal Care Form; PART 2. Childbirth and New-born Report Form; PART 3. 36-Item Short Form Survey Instrument; PART 4. Cost effectiveness Form.
Anisotropic Cosmological Models with Energy Density Dependent Bulk Viscosity
Creators: name: Huang, Wung-Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An analysis is presented of the Bianchi type I cosmological models with a bulk viscosity when the universe is filled with the stiff fluid $p = ε$ while the viscosity is a power function of the energy density, such as $η= α|ε|^n$. Although the exact solutions are obtainable only when the $2n$ is an integer, the characteristics of evolution can be clarified for the models with arbitrary value of $n$. It is shown that, except for the $n = 0$ model that has solutions with infinite energy density at initial state, the anisotropic solutions that evolve to positive Hubble functions in the later stage will begin with Kasner-type curvature singularity and zero energy density at finite past for the $n> 1$ models, and with finite Hubble functions and finite negative energy density at infinite past for the $n < 1$ models. In the course of evolution, matters are created and the anisotropies of the universe are smoothed out. At the final stage, cosmologies are driven to infinite expansion state, de Sitter space-time, or Friedman universe asymptotically. However, the de Sitter space-time is the only attractor state for the $n <1/2 $ models. The solutions that are free of cosmological singularity for any finite proper time are singled out. The extension to the higher-dimensional models is also discussed.
Finite-dimensional vestige of spinodal criticality above the dynamical glass transition
Creators: name: Berthier, Ludovic
name: Charbonneau, Patrick
name: Kundu, Joyjit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Finite-dimensional signatures of spinodal criticality are notoriously difficult to come by. The dynamical transition of glass-forming liquids, first described by mode-coupling theory, is a spinodal instability preempted by thermally activated processes that also limit how close the instability can be approached. We combine numerical tools to directly observe vestiges of the spinodal criticality in finite-dimensional glass formers. We use the swap Monte Carlo algorithm to efficiently thermalise configurations beyond the mode-coupling crossover, and analyze their dynamics using a scheme to screen out activated processes, in spatial dimensions ranging from $d=3$ to $d=9$. We observe a strong softening of the mean-field square-root singularity in $d=3$ that is progressively restored as $d$ increases above $d=8$, in surprisingly good agreement with perturbation theory.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Cycloneuroterus abei Melika & Tang 2016
Creators: name: IRENE LOBATO-VILA
name: ALBA SALA-NISHIKAWA
name: GEORGE MELIKA
name: GRAHAM N. STONE
name: CHANGTI TANG
name: MAN-MIAO YANG
name: ZHIQIANG FANG
name: YING ZHU
name: YIPING WANG
name: SUNGHOON JUNG
name: JAMES A. NICHOLLS
name: JULI PUJADE-VILLAR
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Cynipidae
Cycloneuroterus
Cycloneuroterus abei

description: Cycloneuroterus abei Melika & Tang, 2016
Cycloneuroterus abei Melika & Tang, 2016 in Tang et al. (2016b: 456), ♂ ♀.
Distribution. Taiwan (Tang et al. 2016b: 462).
Biology. Only the sexual generation has been described, which induces integral galls in leaves and petioles of Q. glauca (sect. Cyclobalanopsis) (Table 1; Tang et al. 2016b).
description: Published as part of IRENE LOBATO-VILA, ALBA SALA-NISHIKAWA, GEORGE MELIKA, GRAHAM N. STONE, CHANGTI TANG, MAN-MIAO YANG, ZHIQIANG FANG, YING ZHU, YIPING WANG, SUNGHOON JUNG, JAMES A. NICHOLLS & JULI PUJADE-VILLAR, 2022, A catalogue, revision, and regional perspective of Eastern Palaearctic and Oriental oak gall wasps and their inquilines (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae: Cynipini, Synergini, Ceroptresini), pp. 1-71 in Zootaxa 5161 (1) on page 18, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5161.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6793652
Macraspis bicincta subsp. dimidiata Ohaus 1913
Creators: name: Moore, Matthew Robert
name: Jameson, Mary Liz
name: Paucar-Cabrera, Aura
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Rutelidae
Macraspis
Macraspis bicincta
Macraspis bicincta dimidiata ohaus, 1913

description: Macraspis bicincta dimidiata Ohaus, 1913
 Macraspis bicincta var. dimidiata Ohaus, 1913: 511 [original combination, unavailable name].
 Macraspis bicincta dimidiata (Ohaus) [new status by Machatschke 1972: 70, name became available from original publication].
 Macraspis bicincta var. dimidiata Ohaus [new status by Soula 1998: 40].
 Macraspis bicincta Burmeister, 1844: 351–352 [new synonym by Krajcik 2007: 79].
description: Published as part of Moore, Matthew Robert, Jameson, Mary Liz & Paucar-Cabrera, Aura, 2014, Taxonomic and nomenclatural changes in the anticheirine scarabs (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae: Rutelini), pp. 1-20 in Insecta Mundi 2014 (392) on page 10, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5179722
New exact traversable wormhole solution to the Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet Equations coupled to a power-Maxwell electrodynamics
Creators: name: Cañate, Pedro
name: Breton, Nora
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel, exact, traversable wormhole (T-WH) solution for $(3+1)$-dimensional Einstein-scalar-Gauss-Bonnet theory (EsGB) coupled to a power-Maxwell nonlinear electrodynamics (NLED). The solution is characterized by two parameters, $\mathcal{Q}\!_{\rm e}$ and $\mathcal{Q}\!_{_{ \mathcal{S} }}$, associated respectively with the electromagnetic field and the scalar field. We show that for $\mathcal{Q}^2_{\rm e} - \mathcal{Q}\!_{_{ \mathcal{S} }}>0$ the solution can be interpreted as a traversable wormhole. In the general case, with non-vanishing electromagnetic field, the scalar-Gauss-Bonnet term (sGB) is the only responsible for the negative energy density necessary for the traversability. In the limiting case of vanishing electromagnetic field, the scalar field becomes a phantom one keeping the WH throat open and in this case the Ellis WH solution \cite{Ellis} is recovered.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures