cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Children and the Mingi Curse among the Kara Community
Creators: name: Tamrat, Binayew
name: Alemayehu, Haimanot
Publisher: name: Ethiopian Journal of Human Rights
Year: 2023

description: There is a dominant discourse emphasizing the values of traditional practices in enhancing social cohesion, unity and cooperation in Ethiopia. Though this is an undisputed truth, there are untold accounts about the demerits of traditional practices negatively affecting societal groups specially women and children in different societies. Mingi curse is one such cultural practices that severely affects children, girls and women in the South Omo Zone. Though its severity ranges from infanticide and death of those individuals identified as cursed, to affecting the number of the Kara community, this practice did not catch the attention of scholars and policy makers. Apart from the anecdotal notes about the practise, there is no comprehensive research done on the theme. By taking the Kara community of Hamer woreda as a case, this article examines the socio-cultural grounds of the practise, its commonality among the Kara community and consequences of Mingi as a traditional practice. Regardless of prior initiatives in countering Mingi curse tradition, the practice is still prevalent among the Kara community. This paper thus discusses the various factors that contributed to sustain the practice despite the various efforts made by different stakeholders. By drawing on the ethnographic study and lived experience of the study participants, the article elucidates how the Mingi practice violates human rights in the form of structural violence.
description: Ethiopian Journal of Human Rights, Vol. 7 (2022): Ethiopian Journal of Human Rights
Development of New Tracking Detector with Fine-grained Nuclear Emulsion for sub-MeV Neutron Measurement
Creators: name: Shiraishi, T.
name: Todoroki, I.
name: Naka, T.
name: Umemoto, A.
name: Kobayashi, R.
name: Sato, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we have developed a new sub-MeV neutron detector that has a high position resolution, energy resolution, directional sensitivity, and low background. The detector is based on a super-fine-grained nuclear emulsion, called the Nano Imaging Tracker (NIT), and it is capable of detecting neutron induced proton recoils as tracks through topological analysis with sub-micrometric accuracy. We used a type of NIT with AgBr:I crystals of (98 +- 10) nm size dispersed in the gelatin. First, we calibrated the performance of NIT device for detecting monochromatic neutrons with sub-MeV energy generated by nuclear fusion reactions, and the detection efficiency for recoil proton tracks of more than 2 um range was consistently 100\% (the 1 sigma lower limit was 83%) in accordance with expectations by manual based analysis. In addition, recoil energy and angle distribution obtained good agreement with kinematical expectation. The primary neutron energy was reconstructed by using them, and it was evaluated as 42% with FWHM at 540 keV. Furthermore, we demonstrated newly developed an automatic track recognition system dedicated to the track range of more than a few micrometers. It achieved a recognition efficiency of (74 +- 4)%, and recoil energy and angle distribution obtained good agreement with manual analysis. Finally, it indicated the very high rejection power for gamma-rays.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures
Adolescents' Responses to Pictorial Warnings on Their Parents' Cigarette Packs
Creators: name: Pepper, Jessica K.
name: Hall, Marissa G.
name: Noar, Seth M.
name: Brewer, Noel T.
name: Peebles, Kathryn
name: Byron, M. Justin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Pictorial cigarette pack warnings are a promising policy solution to increase smoking cessation among adults. However, little is known regarding adolescents' responses to pictorial warnings, particularly in real-world settings.
The eternal naked singularity formation in the case of gravitational collapse of generalized Vaydia spacetime
Creators: name: Vertogradov, Vitalii
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we consider the gravitational collapse of generalized Vaidya space-time when the matter satisfies the equation of the state either $P=0$ or $P=-αρ$, where $0 < α< 1$. We show that in the case when type I of matter field is dust, then the apparent horizon will never appear, but there is now a family of null radial future-directed geodesics which terminated at the central singularity in the past. Also, we show that in the case of negative pressure, the result of the gravitational collapse might be the naked singularity and the apparent horizon appears and in very short time disappears again. In the case of the negative pressure, we show that the result of the gravitational collapse might be the eternal naked singularity.
description: 11 pages
Developmental Outcomes of Using Physical Violence Against Dates and Peers
Creators: name: Latzman, Natasha E.
name: Tharp, Andra T.
name: Ennett, Susan T.
name: David-Ferdon, Corinne
name: Foshee, Vangie Ann
name: Gottfredson, Nisha C.
name: Chen, May S.
name: Reyes, H. Luz McNaughton
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The negative impact on adolescents of being a victim of violence is well documented, but the impact of being a perpetrator of violence is less well known. Knowing the negative outcomes of being a perpetrator could inform clinical interactions with adolescents, development of violence prevention strategies, and estimates of the societal burden of violence. This longitudinal study examined the effects of physical dating violence (DV) and peer violence (PV) perpetration on internalizing symptoms, relationships with friends and family, academic aspirations and grades, and substance use.
Proposal of Real Time Predictive Maintenance Platform with 3D Printer for Business Vehicles
Creators: name: Yamato, Yoji
name: Fukumoto, Yoshifumi
name: Kumazaki, Hiroki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes a maintenance platform for business vehicles which detects failure sign using IoT data on the move, orders to create repair parts by 3D printers and to deliver them to the destination. Recently, IoT and 3D printer technologies have been progressed and application cases to manufacturing and maintenance have been increased. Especially in air flight industry, various sensing data are collected during flight by IoT technologies and parts are created by 3D printers. And IoT platforms which improve development/operation of IoT applications also have been appeared. However, existing IoT platforms mainly targets to visualize "things" statuses by batch processing of collected sensing data, and 3 factors of real-time, automatic orders of repair parts and parts stock cost are insufficient to accelerate businesses. This paper targets maintenance of business vehicles such as airplane or high-speed bus. We propose a maintenance platform with real-time analysis, automatic orders of repair parts and minimum stock cost of parts. The proposed platform collects data via closed VPN, analyzes stream data and predicts failures in real-time by online machine learning framework Jubatus, coordinates ERP or SCM via in memory DB to order repair parts and also distributes repair parts data to 3D printers to create repair parts near the destination.
description: The description of evaluation was insufficient
Charge and spin interplay in a molecular-dimer-based organic Mott insulator
Creators: name: Drichko, Natalia
name: Sugiura, Shiori
name: Yamashita, Minoru
name: Ueda, Akira
name: Uji, Shinya
name: Hassan, Nora
name: Sunairi, Yoshiya
name: Mori, Hatsumi
name: Zhilyaeva, Elena I.
name: Torunova, Svetlana
name: Lyubovskaya, Rimma N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Triangular lattice quasi-two-dimensional Mott insulators based on BEDT-TTF molecule and its analogies present a possibility to produce exotic phases by coupling charge and spin degrees of freedom. In this work we discuss magnetic properties of one of such materials, $κ$-(BEDT-TTF)$_2$Hg(SCN)$_2$Cl, which is found at the border of the phase transition between a Mott insulator into a charge ordered state. Our magnetic susceptibility and cantilever magnetisation measurements demonstrate how the charge degree of freedom defines magnetic properties for few different charge phases observed in this material as a function of temperature. Between $T_{CO}=30~K$ and $T_S=24~K$ we observe charge and spin separation due to one-dimensional charge stripes formed in this material below $T_{CO}=30~K$. Below $T_S=24~K$ charge and spin degrees of freedom demonstrate coupling. Spin singlet correlations develop below 24~K, however melting of charge order below 15~K prevents the spin singlet state formation, leaving the system in the inhomogeneous state with charge ordered spin singlet domains and charge and spin fluctuating ones.
Socio-cultural and Religious Framings on Marriageable Age in Amhara Regional State
Creators: name: Tibebu, Yitaktu
name: Zeleke, Meron
name: Vandenhole, Wouter
Publisher: name: Ethiopian Journal of Human Rights
Year: 2023

description: Existing literature shows the social perception attached to child marriage is often conflicting with the legal definition. This insight holds the dichotomized view of layering contestation in two levels: the internal community against the external norm change agents of the state and non-state actors. Accordingly, this article attempts to identify the gap in research by exploring and documenting the internal contestation among local key norm holders on their understanding of marriageable age. By taking a closer look at how religious leaders, community elders, parents, and adolescent girls and boys in Kuwarit woreda of Amhara Regional State comprehend marriage and girls' marriageable age, the article unpacks the translation of the globally defined girls' marriageable age to a local context. After exploring the international laws vis-à-vis local social norms, the article presented competing and changing local considerations and framings on the age of marriage for girls and their justification. It, then, argues rectifying the fears of local norm holders in relation to delaying girls’ marriage until legally accepted age is important and necessary by understanding the socio-cultural and religious framing of girls’ marriage.
description: Ethiopian Journal of Human Rights, Vol. 7 (2022): Ethiopian Journal of Human Rights
Vortex line in the unitary Fermi gas
Creators: name: Madeira, Lucas
name: Vitiello, Silvio A.
name: Gandolfi, Stefano
name: Schmidt, Kevin E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report diffusion Monte Carlo results for the ground state of unpolarized spin-1/2 fermions in a cylindrical container and properties of the system with a vortex-line excitation. The density profile of the system with a vortex line presents a non-zero density at the core. We calculate the ground-state energy per particle, the superfluid pairing gap, and the excitation energy per particle. These simulations can be extended to calculate the properties of vortex excitations in other strongly interacting systems, such as superfluid neutron matter using realistic nuclear Hamiltonians.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Effects of a Large-Scale Unconditional Cash Transfer Program on Mental Health Outcomes of Young People in Kenya
Creators: name: Pettifor, Audrey
name: Handa, Sudhanshu
name: Thirumurthy, Harsha
name: Kilburn, Kelly
name: Halpern, Carolyn Tucker
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: This study investigates the causal effect of Kenya's unconditional cash transfer program on mental health outcomes of young people.
Self-adjoint local boundary problems on compact surfaces. I. Spectral flow
Creators: name: Prokhorova, Marina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper deals with first order self-adjoint elliptic differential operators on a smooth compact oriented surface with non-empty boundary. We consider such operators with self-adjoint local boundary conditions. The paper is focused on paths in the space of such operators connecting two operators conjugated by a unitary automorphism. The first result is the computation of the spectral flow for such paths in terms of the topological data over the boundary. The second result is the universality of the spectral flow: we show that the spectral flow is a universal additive invariant for such paths, if the vanishing on paths of invertible operators is required. In the next paper of the series we generalize these results to families of such operators parametrized by points of an arbitrary compact space instead of an interval. The integer-valued spectral flow is replaced then by the family index taking values in the $K^1$-group of the base space.
description: 46 pages. V4: minor changes; version accepted by the Journal of Geometric Analysis
Robust Electric-field Input Circuits for Clocked Molecular Quantum-dot Cellular Automata
Creators: name: Cong, Peizhong
name: Blair, Enrique P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) is a paradigm for low-power, general-purpose, classical computing designed to overcome the challenges facing CMOS in the extreme limits of scaling. A molecular implementation of QCA offers nanometer-scale devices with device densities and operating speeds which may surpass CMOS device densities and speeds by several orders of magnitude, all at room temperature. Here, a proposal for electric field bit write-in to molecular QCA circuits is extended to synchronous QCA circuits clocked using an applied electric field, \(\vec{E}\). Input electrodes, which may be much larger than the cells themselves, immerse an input circuit in an input field \(E_y \hat{y}\), in addition to the applied clocking field \(E_z \hat{z}\). The input field selects the input bit on a field-sensitive portion of the circuit. Another portion of the circuit with reduced \(E_y\)-sensitivity functions as a shift register, transmitting the input bit to downstream QCA logic for processing. It is shown that a simple rotation of the molecules comprising the shift register makes them immune to unwanted effects from the input field or fringing fields in the direction of the input field. Furthermore, the circuits also tolerate a significant unwanted field component \(E_x \hat{x}\) in the third direction, which is neither the clocking nor input direction. The write-in of classical bits to molecular QCA circuits is a road-block that must be cleared in order to realize energy-efficient molecular computation using QCA. The results presented here show that interconnecting shift registers may be designed to function in the presence of significant unwanted fringing fields from large input electrodes. Furthermore, the techniques devloped here may also enable molecular QCA logic to tolerate these same unwanted fringing fields.
description: 8 pages, 13 figures
An unfitted radial basis function generated finite difference method applied to thoracic diaphragm simulations
Creators: name: Tominec, Igor
name: Villard, Pierre-Frederic
name: Larsson, Elisabeth
name: Bayona, Victor
name: Cacciani, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The thoracic diaphragm is the muscle that drives the respiratory cycle of a human being. Using a system of partial differential equations (PDEs) that models linear elasticity we compute displacements and stresses in a two-dimensional cross section of the diaphragm in its contracted state. The boundary data consists of a mix of displacement and traction conditions. If these are imposed as they are, and the conditions are not compatible, this leads to reduced smoothness of the solution. Therefore, the boundary data is first smoothed using the least-squares radial basis function generated finite difference (RBF-FD) framework. Then the boundary conditions are reformulated as a Robin boundary condition with smooth coefficients. The same framework is also used to approximate the boundary curve of the diaphragm cross section based on data obtained from a slice of a computed tomography (CT) scan. To solve the PDE we employ the unfitted least-squares RBF-FD method. This makes it easier to handle the geometry of the diaphragm, which is thin and non-convex. We show numerically that our solution converges with high-order towards a finite element solution evaluated on a fine grid. Through this simplified numerical model we also gain an insight into the challenges associated with the diaphragm geometry and the boundary conditions before approaching a more complex three-dimensional model.
Teen Pregnancy Among Sexual Minority Women: Results From the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health
Creators: name: Goldberg, Shoshana K.
name: Reese, Bianka M.
name: Halpern, Carolyn T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: To explore the association between sexual orientation and teen pregnancy (before age 20) in a U.S. nationally representative cohort of young adult females aged 24–32.
Unruh effect for neutrinos interacting with accelerated matter
Creators: name: Dvornikov, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of neutrinos in a background matter moving with a linear acceleration. The Dirac equation for a massive neutrino electroweakly interacting with background fermions is obtained in a comoving frame where matter is at rest. We solve this Dirac equation for ultrarelativistic neutrinos. The neutrino quantum states in matter moving with a linear acceleration are obtained. We demonstrate that the neutrino electroweak interaction with an accelerated matter leads to the vacuum instability which results in the neutrino-antineutrino pairs creation. We rederive the temperature of the Unruh radiation and find the correction to the Unruh effect due to the specific neutrino interaction with background fermions. As a possible application of the obtained results we discuss the neutrino pairs creation in a core collapsing supernova. The astrophysical upper limit on the neutrino masses is obtained.
description: 16 pages, JHEP LaTeX style; paper is significantly revised, the discussion on QFT of neutrinos in accelerated matter is extended, the neutrino production in SN is discussed in more details, several new references are included, version to be published in JHEP
Testing Longitudinal Relationships Between Binge Drinking, Marijuana Use, and Depressive Symptoms and Moderation by Sex
Creators: name: Shanahan, Meghan
name: Herring, Amy H.
name: Ennett, Susan T.
name: Wilkinson, Andra L.
name: Hussey, Jon M.
name: Harris, Kathleen Mullan
name: Halpern, Carolyn Tucker
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Both substance use and depression are common in adolescence and often comorbid. Past research has produced conflicting results on whether there is a temporal relationship and if so, in which direction it operates and how it may vary by sex. We examined the longitudinal associations between substance use frequency and depressive symptoms from adolescence into young adulthood, and whether the associations were moderated by sex.
Dynamics of diffusion on monoplex and multiplex networks: A message-passing approach
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Teruyoshi
name: Onaga, Tomokatsu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New ideas and technologies adopted by a small number of individuals occasionally spread globally through a complex web of social ties. Here, we present a simple and general approximation method, namely, a message-passing approach, that allows us to describe the diffusion processes on complex networks in an almost exact manner. We consider two classes of binary-action games in each of which the best pure strategy for individual players is characterized as a variant of the threshold rule. We show that the dynamics of diffusion observed on synthetic networks are accurately replicated by the message-passing equation, whose fixed point corresponds to a Nash equilibrium. In contrast, the mean-field method tends to overestimate the size and frequency of diffusion. We extend the framework to analyze multiplex networks in which social interactions take place in multiple layers.
description: 34 pages, 9 figures
Injective Schur Modules
Creators: name: Donkin, Stephen
name: Geranios, Haralampos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We determine the partitions $λ$ for which the corresponding induced module (or Schur module in the language of Buchsbaum et. al., [1]) $\nabla(λ)$ is injective in the category of polynomial modules for a general linear group over an infinite field, equivalently which Weyl modules are projective polynomial modules. Since the problem is essentially no more difficult in the quantised case we address it at this level of generality. Expressing our results in terms of the representation theory of Hecke algebras at the parameter $q$ we determine the partitions $λ$ for which the corresponding Specht module is a Young module, when $1+q\neq 0$. In the classical case this problem was addressed by D. Hemmer, [12]. The nature of the set of partitions appearing in our solution gives a new formulation of Carter's condition on regular partitions. On the other hand, we note, in Remark 2.22, that the result on irreducible Weyl modules for the quantised Schur algebra $S_q(n,n)$, [17], Theorem 5.39, given in terms of Carter partitions, may be also used to obtain the main result presented here.
description: 19 pages, to appear in Journal of Algebra
Abstinence-Only-Until-Marriage: An Updated Review of U.S. Policies and Programs and Their Impact
Creators: name: Santelli, John S.
name: Kantor, Leslie M.
name: Ott, Mary A.
name: Heitel, Jennifer
name: Rogers, Jennifer
name: Grilo, Stephanie A.
name: Lindberg, Laura D.
name: Lyon, Maureen E.
name: Mason-Jones, Amanda J.
name: Schalet, Amy T.
name: Speizer, Ilene S.
name: Heck, Craig J.
name: McGovern, Terry
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Adolescence is marked by the emergence of human sexuality, sexual identity and the initiation of intimate relations; within this context, abstinence from sexual intercourse can be a healthy choice. However, programs that promote abstinence-only-until-marriage (AOUM) or sexual risk avoidance (SRA), are scientifically and ethically problematic and—as such—have been widely rejected by medical and public health professionals. Although abstinence is theoretically effective, in actual practice, intentions to abstain from sexual activity often fail. Given a rising age at first marriage around the world, a rapidly declining percentage of young people remain abstinent until marriage. Promotion of AOUM policies by the United States (U.S.) government has undermined sexuality education in the U.S. and in U.S. foreign aid programs; funding for AOUM continues in the U.S. The weight of scientific evidence finds that AOUM programs are not effective in delaying initiation of sexual intercourse or changing other sexual risk behaviors. AOUM programs, as defined by U.S. federal funding requirements, inherently withhold information about human sexuality and may provide medically inaccurate and stigmatizing information. Thus, AOUM programs threaten fundamental human rights to health, information, and life. Young people need access to accurate and comprehensive sexual health information to protect their health and lives.
Arabis surculosa N. Terracc., Atti Reale Accad. Sci. Fis.
Creators: name: Peruzzi, Lorenzo
name: Galasso, Gabriele
name: Domina, Gianniantonio
name: Bartolucci, Fabrizio
name: Santangelo, Annalisa
name: Alessandrini, Alessandro
name: Astuti, Giovanni
name: D'Antraccoli, Marco
name: Roma-Marzio, Francesco
name: Ardenghi, Nicola M. G.
name: Barberis, Giuseppina
name: Conti, Fabio
name: Bernardo, Liliana
name: Peccenini, Simonetta
name: Stinca, Adriano
name: Wagensommer, Robert P.
name: Bonari, Gianmaria
name: Iamonico, Duilio
name: Iberite, Mauro
name: Viciani, Daniele
name: Guacchio, Emanuele Del
name: Galdo, Gianpietro Giusso Del
name: Lastrucci, Lorenzo
name: Villani, Mariacristina
name: Brunu, Antonello
name: Magrini, Sara
name: Pistarino, Annalaura
name: Brullo, Salvatore
name: Salmeri, Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Brassicales
Brassicaceae
Arabis
Arabis surculosa

description: Arabis surculosa N.Terracc., Atti Reale Accad. Sci. Fis. s. 2, 4(app. 2): 4 (pl. 1 fig. 1). 1890. [18 July 1890]
 Ind. Loc.:—“Picinisco sull’alto della Pietrosa, e nel M.Meta presso il Vrecciaro, da 2400 a 2500 m ”. ABR
 Type (lectotype designated by Titz 1977: 6):— ITALY. M. Meta a1 Vrecciaro, July 1878, N . Terracciano s.n. (RO).
 Compiled by:— L. Bernardo
description: Published as part of Peruzzi, Lorenzo, Galasso, Gabriele, Domina, Gianniantonio, Bartolucci, Fabrizio, Santangelo, Annalisa, Alessandrini, Alessandro, Astuti, Giovanni, D'Antraccoli, Marco, Roma-Marzio, Francesco, Ardenghi, Nicola M. G., Barberis, Giuseppina, Conti, Fabio, Bernardo, Liliana, Peccenini, Simonetta, Stinca, Adriano, Wagensommer, Robert P., Bonari, Gianmaria, Iamonico, Duilio, Iberite, Mauro, Viciani, Daniele, Guacchio, Emanuele Del, Galdo, Gianpietro Giusso Del, Lastrucci, Lorenzo, Villani, Mariacristina, Brunu, Antonello, Magrini, Sara, Pistarino, Annalaura, Brullo, Salvatore & Salmeri, Cristina, 2019, An inventory of the names of native, non-endemic vascular plants described from Italy, their loci classici and types, pp. 1-215 in Phytotaxa 410 (1) on page 20, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.410.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13716045
Inter-Country Adoption of Ethiopian Children by Foreigners of Ethiopian Origin: Best Interests of the Child at Crossroads
Creators: name: Jimma, Asrat Adugna
name: Fulas, Dureti Abate
Publisher: name: Ethiopian Journal of Human Rights
Year: 2023

description: Adoption is an age-old customary practice in Ethiopia. Parallel to the customary practice, the 1960 Civil Code and then the Revised Federal Family Code gave legal recognition to both domestic and inter-country adoption. However, in 2018, the House of Peoples’ Representatives issued Proclamation No. 1070/2018 amending the Revised Federal Family Code, which banned inter-country adoption. In 2020, the Federal Supreme Court Cassation Division Bench gave an interpretation to the ban as not applicable to foreigners of Ethiopian origin. Further, in another recent decision, the Court extended the interpretation as not applicable to foreigners who are adopting their Ethiopian spouse’s child(ren), introducing a new approach of relative inter-country adoption. Following, this article examines the policy choice that resulted in the ban of inter-country adoption and the raison d’etre of the Cassation bench’s landmark decisions in light of the best interest of the child and Ethiopia’s international human rights commitments. In doing so, it employs a doctrinal analytical approach focusing on case analysis. The article ends with a conclusion that, the current legal stance of the legislature and the judiciary need redirection towards a stringent assessment for permission than a blanket ban, which needs investment in institutional infrastructure and the socioeconomic aspect of domestic alternative care but is definitely respectful of children’s best interests and compliant with Ethiopia’s international human rights commitments.
description: Ethiopian Journal of Human Rights, Vol. 7 (2022): Ethiopian Journal of Human Rights
Hiding in plain sight: record-breaking compact stellar systems in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
Creators: name: Sandoval, Michael A.
name: Vo, Richard P.
name: Romanowsky, Aaron J.
name: Strader, Jay
name: Choi, Jieun
name: Jennings, Zachary G.
name: Conroy, Charlie
name: Brodie, Jean P.
name: Foster, Caroline
name: Villaume, Alexa
name: Norris, Mark A.
name: Janz, Joachim
name: Forbes, Duncan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the recent, serendipitous discovery of the densest known galaxy, M60-UCD1, we present two initial findings from a follow-up search, using the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, Subaru/Suprime-Cam and Hubble Space Telescope imaging, and SOuthern Astrophysical Research (SOAR)/Goodman spectroscopy. The first object discovered, M59-UCD3, has a similar size to M60-UCD1 (half-light radius of r_h ~ 20 pc) but is 40% more luminous (M_V ~ -14.6), making it the new densest-known galaxy. The second, M85-HCC1, has a size like a typical globular cluster (GC; r_h ~ 1.8 pc) but is much more luminous (M_V ~ -12.5). This hypercompact cluster is by far the densest confirmed free-floating stellar system, and is equivalent to the densest known nuclear star clusters. From spectroscopy, we find that both objects are relatively young (~9 Gyr and ~3 Gyr, respectively), with metal-abundances that resemble those of galaxy centers. Their host galaxies show clear signs of large-scale disturbances, and we conclude that these dense objects are the remnant nuclei of recently accreted galaxies. M59-UCD3 is an ideal target for follow-up with high-resolution imaging and spectroscopy to search for an overweight central supermassive black hole as was discovered in M60-UCD1. These findings also emphasize the potential value of ultra-compact dwarfs and massive GCs as tracers of the assembly histories of galaxies.
description: ApJ Letters, published, 7 pages, 4 figures. Very galaxies, such dense, wow. Press release with music video: http://www.noao.edu/news/2015/pr1504.php
Mass-velocity dispersion relation by using the \textit{Gaia} data and its effect on interpreting short-duration and degenerate microlensing events
Creators: name: Sajadian, Sedighe
name: Rahvar, Sohrab
name: Kazemian, Fatemeh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational microlensing, the lensing of stars in the Milky Way galaxy with other stars, has been used for exploring compact dark matter objects, exoplanets, and black holes. The duration of microlensing events, the so-called Einstein crossing time, is a function of distance, mass, and velocities of lens objects. Lenses with different ages and masses might have various characteristic velocities inside the galaxy and this might lead to our misinterpretation of microlensing events. In this work, we use the \gaia~archived data to find a relation between the velocity dispersion and mass, and the age of stars. This mass-velocity dispersion relation confirms the known age-velocity relation for early-type and massive stars, and additionally reveals a dependence of stellar velocity dispersion on the mass for low-mass and late-type stars at $2$-$3$ sigma level. By considering this correlation, we simulate short-duration microlensing events due to brown dwarfs. From this simulation, we conclude that lens masses are underestimated by $\sim 2.5$-$5.5\%$ while modeling short-duration and degenerate microlensing events with the Bayesian analysis.
description: 9 pages, 4 Figures; accepted by The Astronomical Journal
First Degree Cohomology of Specht Modules and Extensions of Symmetric Powers
Creators: name: Donkin, Stephen
name: Geranios, Haralampos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $Σ_d$ denote the symmetric group of degree $d$ and let $K$ be a field of positive characteristic $p$. For $p>2$ we give an explicit description of the first cohomology group $H^1(Σ_d,{\rm{Sp}}(λ))$, of the Specht module ${\rm{Sp}}(λ)$ over $K$, labelled by a partition $λ$ of $d$. We also give a sufficient condition for the cohomology to be non-zero for $p=2$ and we find a lower bound for the dimension. Our method is to proceed by comparison with the cohomology for the general linear group $G(n)$ over $K$ and then to reduce to the calculation of ${\rm{Ext}}^1_{B(n)}(S^d E,K_λ)$, where $B(n)$ is a Borel subgroup of $G(n)$, $S^dE$ denotes the $d$th symmetric power of the natural module $E$ for $G(n)$ and $K_λ$ denotes the one dimensional $B(n)$-module with weight $λ$. The main new input is the description of module extensions by: extensions sequences, coherent triples of extension sequences and coherent multi-sequences of extension sequences, and the detailed calculation of the possibilities for such sequences. These sequences arise from the action of divided powers elements in the negative part of the hyperalgebra of $G(n)$.
description: 94 pages
Believability of Cigar Warning Labels Among Adolescents
Creators: name: Jarman, Kristen
name: Kowitt, Sarah D.
name: Ranney, Leah M.
name: Goldstein, Adam O.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Despite high rates of cigar use among youth, little information exists about how cigar warnings are received by youth. We examined believability of different cigar warning messages with different sources among adolescents in a national phone survey.
title: Japan’s transnational countryside
Creators: name: Reiher, Cornelia
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst (FID) Asien
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Japan
subject: rural Japan
subject: Ländlicher Raum
subject: Transnationalisierung
subject: Regionale Mobilität
subject: 3

description: Urban-rural migration and rural revitalization in Japan
Statistical Integration of Heterogeneous Data with PO2PLS
Creators: name: Bouhaddani, Said el
name: Uh, Hae-Won
name: Jongbloed, Geurt
name: Houwing-Duistermaat, Jeanine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62H25

description: The availability of multi-omics data has revolutionized the life sciences by creating avenues for integrated system-level approaches. Data integration links the information across datasets to better understand the underlying biological processes. However, high-dimensionality, correlations and heterogeneity pose statistical and computational challenges. We propose a general framework, probabilistic two-way partial least squares (PO2PLS), which addresses these challenges. PO2PLS models the relationship between two datasets using joint and data-specific latent variables. For maximum likelihood estimation of the parameters, we implement a fast EM algorithm and show that the estimator is asymptotically normally distributed. A global test for testing the relationship between two datasets is proposed, and its asymptotic distribution is derived. Notably, several existing omics integration methods are special cases of PO2PLS. Via extensive simulations, we show that PO2PLS performs better than alternatives in feature selection and prediction performance. In addition, the asymptotic distribution appears to hold when the sample size is sufficiently large. We illustrate PO2PLS with two examples from commonly used study designs: a large population cohort and a small case-control study. Besides recovering known relationships, PO2PLS also identified novel findings. The methods are implemented in our R-package PO2PLS. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
description: 36 pages, 4 figures, Submitted to Journal of the American Statistical Association
A Note on Holographic Non-Relativistic Goldstone Bosons
Creators: name: Argurio, Riccardo
name: Marzolla, Andrea
name: Mezzalira, Andrea
name: Naegels, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a holographic set-up where relativistic invariance is broken by a chemical potential, and a non-abelian internal symmetry is broken spontaneously. We use the tool of holographic renormalization in order to infer what can be learned purely by analytic boundary considerations. We find that the expected Ward identities are correctly reproduced. In particular, we obtain the identity which implies the non-commutation of a pair of broken charges, which leads to the presence of Goldstone bosons with quadratic dispersion relations.
description: 13+7 pages, no figures; v2: added clarification on vanishing chemical potential, version to appear in journal
Artificial vs Substantial Gauge Symmetries: a Criterion and an Application to the Electroweak Model
Creators: name: François, Jordan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To systematically answer the generalized Kretschmann objection, we propose a mean to make operational a criterion widely recognized as allowing to decide if the gauge symmetry of a theory is artificial or substantial. Our proposition is based on the dressing field method of gauge symmetry reduction, a new simple tool from mathematical physics. This general scheme allows in particular to straightforwardly argue that the notion of spontaneous symmetry breaking is superfluous to the empirical success of the electroweak theory. Important questions regarding the context of justification of the theory then arise.
description: 13 pages. Revised version accepted for publication in Philosophy of Science. The author thanks the two anonymous reviewers for their valuable input
title: The Miyako Bubble: building the future of a remote island
Creators: name: Clay, Sarah
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst (FID) Asien
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Japan
subject: rural Japan
subject: Ländlicher Raum
subject: Regionale Mobilität
subject: Miyakojima
subject: remote island
subject: Tourismus
subject: Reiseverhalten
subject: Umweltbelastung
subject: 3

description: Urban-rural migration and rural revitalization in Japan
Childhood Sexual Abuse and Early Timing of Puberty
Creators: name: Susman, Elizabeth J.
name: Putnam, Frank W.
name: Noll, Jennie G.
name: Shalev, Idan
name: Trickett, Penelope K.
name: Long, Jeffrey D.
name: Negriff, Sonya
name: Li, Jacinda C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: AbstractPurposeThe purpose was to examine whether the timing of puberty, indexed by breast development and pubic hair development, was earlier for sexually abused females compared with a matched comparison group of nonabused females, controlling for key alternative confounds.MethodsA cohort of sexually abused females and matched comparisons was followed longitudinally at mean ages 11 through 20 years. Sexually abused participants (N = 84) were referred by protective services. Comparison participants (N = 89) were recruited to be comparable in terms of age, ethnicity, income level, family constellation, zip codes, and nonsexual trauma histories. Stage of puberty was indexed at each assessment by nurse and participant ratings of breast and pubic hair development using Tanner staging—the gold standard for assessing pubertal onset and development. Cumulative logit mixed models were used to estimate the association between sexual abuse status and the likelihood of transitioning from earlier to later Tanner stage categories controlling for covariates and potential confounds.ResultsSexual abuse was associated with earlier pubertal onset: 8 months earlier for breasts (odds ratio: 3.06, 95% CI: 1.11–8.49) and 12 months earlier for pubic hair (odds ratio: 3.49, 95% CI: 1.34–9.12). Alternative explanations including ethnicity, obesity, and biological father absence did not eradicate these findings.ConclusionsThis study confirms an association between exposure to childhood sexual abuse and earlier pubertal onset. Results highlight the possibility that, due to this early onset, sexual abuse survivors may be at increased risk for psychosocial difficulties, menstrual and fertility problems, and even reproductive cancers due to prolonged exposure to sex hormones.
Deprivation of Liberty of Children in the Ethiopian Child Justice System: A Legal Analysis and Evidence from Practice
Creators: name: Berhanu, Belayneh
Publisher: name: Ethiopian Journal of Human Rights
Year: 2023

description: The international child rights standards provide that deprivation of liberty of children shall be a measure of last resort and for the shortest period of time. This article, thus, aims to examine the legal and practical framework of deprivation of liberty of children in the Ethiopian child justice system in light of these standards. The study found out that the principles of ‘deprivation of liberty as a measure of last resort’ and ‘for the shortest appropriate period’ are not provided in the Ethiopian justice system. On the contrary, the Criminal Code makes deprivation of liberty of children after conviction a measure of first resort. This is the case for home arrest and corrective detention. Further, although imprisonment can be imposed after the failure of the measures, courts impose it on children who committed a crime for the first time. The duration of corrective detention and imprisonment in Ethiopia can normatively be considered ‘shortest’. In practice, however, courts sentence children to corrective detention for a period exceeding the maximum provided in the law. There is also a risk of prolonged curative detention. Hence, the Ethiopian child justice system needs normative revision and practical reconsideration to enforce the rights of children as enshrined in the international child rights standards.
description: Ethiopian Journal of Human Rights, Vol. 7 (2022): Ethiopian Journal of Human Rights
TripletTrack: 3D Object Tracking using Triplet Embeddings and LSTM
Creators: name: Marinello, Nicola
name: Proesmans, Marc
name: Van Gool, Luc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: 3D object tracking is a critical task in autonomous driving systems. It plays an essential role for the system's awareness about the surrounding environment. At the same time there is an increasing interest in algorithms for autonomous cars that solely rely on inexpensive sensors, such as cameras. In this paper we investigate the use of triplet embeddings in combination with motion representations for 3D object tracking. We start from an off-the-shelf 3D object detector, and apply a tracking mechanism where objects are matched by an affinity score computed on local object feature embeddings and motion descriptors. The feature embeddings are trained to include information about the visual appearance and monocular 3D object characteristics, while motion descriptors provide a strong representation of object trajectories. We will show that our approach effectively re-identifies objects, and also behaves reliably and accurately in case of occlusions, missed detections and can detect re-appearance across different field of views. Experimental evaluation shows that our approach outperforms state-of-the-art on nuScenes by a large margin. We also obtain competitive results on KITTI.
description: Accepted to CVPR 2022 Workshop on Autonomous Driving
title: Guest Contribution: Remote village seeks metropolitan mountain biker : A glimpse at the political structure of rural-urban migration in Japan
Creators: name: Jentzsch, Hanno
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst (FID) Asien
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Japan
subject: rural Japan
subject: Ländlicher Raum
subject: Zuwanderung
subject: Infrastrukturpolitik
subject: Regionale Mobilität
subject: remote village
subject: chiiki okoshi kyōryokutai
subject: 3

description: Urban-rural migration and rural revitalization in Japan
Equivalence between electromagnetic self-energy and self-mass
Creators: name: Khokonov, Murat
name: Andersen, Jens Ulrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A cornerstone of physics, Maxwell's theory of electromagnetism, apparently contains a fatal flaw. The standard expressions for the electromagnetic field energy and self-mass of an electron of finite extension do not obey Einstein's famous equation, $E=mc^2$, but instead fulfill this relation with a factor 4/3 on the left-hand side. Many famous physicists have contributed to the debate of this so-called 4/3-problem but without arriving at a complete solution. Here, a comprehensive solution is presented. The problem is caused by an incorrect treatment of rigid-body dynamics. Relativistic effects are important even at low velocities and equivalence between electromagnetic field energy and self-mass of the electron is restored when these effects are included properly. In a description of the translational motion of a rigid body by point-particle dynamics, its mechanical energy and momentum must be defined as a sum of the energies and momenta of its parts for fixed time, not in the laboratory as in the standard expressions but in the rest frame of the body, and for consistency of the description, the energy and momentum of the associated field must be defined in the same way.
description: 42 pages, 4 figures
Dynamical emergence of Markovianity in Local Time Scheme
Creators: name: Jeknic-Dugic, J.
name: Arsenijevic, M.
name: Dugic, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently we pointed out the so-called Local Time Scheme as a novel approach to quantum foundations that solves the preferred pointer-basis problem. In this paper we introduce and analyze in depth a rather non-standard dynamical map that is imposed by the scheme. On one hand, the map does not allow for introducing a properly defined generator of the evolution nor does it represent a quantum channel. On the other hand, the map is linear, positive, trace preserving and unital as well as completely positive, but is not divisible and therefore non-Markovian. Nevertheless, we provide quantitative criteria for dynamical emergence of time-coarse-grained Markovianity, for exact dynamics of an open system, as well as for operationally-defined approximation of a closed or open many-particle system. A closed system never reaches a steady state, while an open system may reach a unique steady state given by the L\" uders-von Neumann formula; where the smaller the open system, the faster a steady state is attained. These generic findings extend the standard open quantum systems theory and substantially tackle certain cosmological issues.
description: 29 pages, no figures, no tables; this version accepted by the Proceedings A