cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Hierarchy of Linear Threshold Models for the Spread of Political Revolutions on Social Networks
Creators: name: Lang, John C.
name: De Sterck, Hans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 91D10, 91D30, 70G60, 37M99

description: We study a linear threshold agent-based model (ABM) for the spread of political revolutions on social networks using empirical network data. We propose new techniques for building a hierarchy of simplified ordinary differential equation (ODE) based models that aim to capture essential features of the ABM, including effects of the actual networks, and give insight in the parameter regime transitions of the ABM. We relate the ABM and the hierarchy of models to a population-level compartmental ODE model that we proposed previously for the spread of political revolutions [1], which is shown to be mathematically consistent with the proposed ABM and provides a way to analyze the global behaviour of the ABM. This consistency with the linear threshold ABM also provides further justification a posteriori for the compartmental model of [1]. Extending concepts from epidemiological modelling, we define a basic reproduction number $R_0$ for the linear threshold ABM and apply it to predict ABM behaviour on empirical networks. In small-scale numerical tests we investigate experimentally the differences in spreading behaviour that occur under the linear threshold ABM model when applied to some empirical online and offline social networks, searching for quantitative evidence that political revolutions may be facilitated by the modern online social networks of social media.
Oil extraction and indigenous livelihoods in the Northern Ecuadorian Amazon
Creators: name: Bozigar, Matthew
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2014

description: Since oil was discovered in 1967 under present-day Lago Agrio in the indigenous Northern Ecuadorian Amazon, oil extraction has induced many changes. This research uses a large sample of household and community survey data through descriptive and multilevel regression analyses across ethnic groups and over time, constituting a novel, large-scale, comparative approach for analyzing the regional relationship between extractive industries and livelihoods. Five livelihood outcomes were analyzed, in relation to two key oil extraction predictors. Results showed that when oil companies were present at the community level, indigenous households had more off-farm employment and earned more annually from it, hunting yields increased, assets increased, marginally more land was cleared, and fishing yields decreased. In the short-term, oil companies may indeed have somewhat positive effects on indigenous communities. However, in the long-term, indigenous livelihoods may be vulnerable due to finite oil resources, contamination, cultural erosion, and regional market integration.
On Teaching Programming Languages Using a Wiki
Creators: name: Iliano Cervesato
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper reports on an ongoing experiment with using a wiki as support material for CMU-CS 15-212, a sophomore-level course on advanced programming concepts and skills. We found that the use of a wiki promotes participatory learning and encourages the students
to read upcoming material before class. Future developments include pairing up the wiki with an e-tutor and supporting delivery to small-screen devices such as PDAs and smartphones. A wiki is also a natural medium for a repository for essential programming language
concepts and material for teaching such concepts.
Evolution of fast magnetoacoustic pulses in randomly structured coronal plasmas
Creators: name: Yuan, D.
name: Pascoe, D. J.
name: Nakariakov, V. M.
name: Li, B.
name: Keppens, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetohydrodynamic waves interact with structured plasmas and reveal the internal magnetic and thermal structures therein, thereby having seismological applications in the solar atmosphere. We investigate the evolution of fast magnetoacoustic pulses in randomly structured plasmas, in the context of large-scale propagating waves in the solar atmosphere. We perform one dimensional numerical simulations of fast wave pulses propagating perpendicular to a constant magnetic field in a low-$β$ plasma with a random density profile across the field. Both linear and nonlinear regimes are considered. We study how the evolution of the pulse amplitude and width depends on their initial values and the parameters of the random structuring. A randomly structured plasma acts as a dispersive medium for a fast magnetoacoustic pulse, causing amplitude attenuation and broadening of the pulse width. After the passage of the main pulse, secondary propagating and standing fast waves appear in the plasma. Width evolution of both linear and nonlinear pulses can be well approximated by linear functions; however, narrow pulses may have zero or negative broadening. This arises because a narrow pulse is prone to splitting, while a broad pulse usually deviates less from their initial Gaussian shape and form ripple structures on top of the main pulse. A linear pulse decays at almost a constant rate, while a nonlinear pulse decays exponentially. A pulse interacts most efficiently with a random medium which has a correlation length of about half of its initial pulse width. The development of a detailed model of a fast MHD pulse propagating in highly structured medium substantiates the interpretation of EIT waves as fast magnetoacoustic waves. Evolution of a fast pulse provides us with a novel method to diagnose the sub-resolution filamentation of the solar atmosphere.
description: 25 pages, 8 figures
The Impact of Temperature and Isolation on COVID-19 in India: A Mathematical Modelling approach
Creators: name: Prakash, D Bhanu
name: Chhetri, Bishal
name: Vamsi, D K K
name: S, Balasubramanian
name: Sanjeevi, Carani B
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The dynamics of COVID-19 in India are captured using a set of delay differential equations by dividing a constant population into six compartments. The equilibrium points are calculated and stability analysis is performed. Sensitivity analysis is performed on the parameters of the model. Bifurcation analysis is performed and the critical delay is calculated. By formulating the spread parameter as a function of temperature, the impact of temperature on the population is studied. We concluded that with the decrease in temperature, the average infections in the population increases. In view of the coming winter season in India, there will be an increase in new infections. This model falls in line with the characteristics that increase in isolation delay increases average infections in the population.
On the Approximability of Network Design Problems
Creators: name: Chuzoy, Julia
name: Gupta, Anupam
name: Naor, Joseph
name: Sinha, Amitabh
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Consider the following classical network design problem: a set of terminals T = [ti wants to send traffic to a "root" r in an n-node graph G = (V,E). Each terminal ti sends di units of traffic, and enough bandwidth has to be allocated on the edges to permit this. However, bandwidth on an edge e can only be allocated in integral  multiples of some base capacity ue --- and hence provisioning k x ue bandwidth on edge e incurs a cost of [k] times the cost of that edge. The objective is a minimum-cost feasible solution.This is one of many network design problems widely studied where the bandwidth allocation being governed by side constraints: edges may only allow a subset of cables to be purchased on them, or certain quality-of-service requirements may have to be met.In this work, we show that the above problem, and in fact, several basic problems in this general network design framework, cannot be approximated better than Ω(log log n) unless NP ⊆ DTIME  (nO(log log log n). In particular, we show that this inapproximability threshold holds for (i) the Priority-Steiner Tree problem [7], (ii) the Cost-Distance problem [31], and the single-sink version of an even more fundamental problem, (iii) Fixed Charge Network Flow [33]. Our results provide a further breakthrough in the understanding of the level of complexity of network design problems. These are the first non-constant hardness results known for all these problems.
Additional file 19 of A translatome-transcriptome multi-omics gene regulatory network reveals the complicated functional landscape of maize
Creators: name: Zhu, Wanchao
name: Miao, Xinxin
name: Qian, Jia
name: Chen, Sijia
name: Jin, Qixiao
name: Li, Mingzhu
name: Han, Linqian
name: Zhong, Wanshun
name: Xie, Dan
name: Shang, Xiaoyang
name: Li, Lin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 19. Review history.
Simulation-Based Optimization of User Interfaces for Quality-Assuring Machine Learning Model Predictions
Creators: name: Zhang, Yu
name: Tennekes, Martijn
name: de Jong, Tim
name: Curier, Lyana
name: Coecke, Bob
name: Chen, Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Quality-sensitive applications of machine learning (ML) require quality assurance (QA) by humans before the predictions of an ML model can be deployed. QA for ML (QA4ML) interfaces require users to view a large amount of data and perform many interactions to correct errors made by the ML model. An optimized user interface (UI) can significantly reduce interaction costs. While UI optimization can be informed by user studies evaluating design options, this approach is not scalable because there are typically numerous small variations that can affect the efficiency of a QA4ML interface. Hence, we propose using simulation to evaluate and aid the optimization of QA4ML interfaces. In particular, we focus on simulating the combined effects of human intelligence in initiating appropriate interaction commands and machine intelligence in providing algorithmic assistance for accelerating QA4ML processes. As QA4ML is usually labor-intensive, we use the simulated task completion time as the metric for UI optimization under different interface and algorithm setups. We demonstrate the usage of this UI design method in several QA4ML applications.
description: Published in ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems
Förderung mündlichen Sprachhandelns mehrsprachiger SuS mit Lernschwierigkeiten. Eine Literaturarbeit
Creators: name: Barthassat, Joëlle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Sonderpädagogik
Lernschwierigkeit
Mehrsprachigkeit
Masterarbeit

description: Diese Literaturarbeit erforscht die Förderung mündlichen Sprachhandelns mehrsprachiger SuS mit Lernschwierigkeiten. Hierfür wurden Methoden zur Förderung mündlichen Sprachhandelns bei Mehrsprachigkeit, der Lern- und metakognitiven Strategien sowie Verbesserungsmöglichkeiten der Rahmenbedingungen für die Aufmerksamkeitssteuerung und Motivation einbezogen. Der Literaturkorpus besteht aus einer umfangreichen Sammlung unterschiedlicher Fördermethoden, welche spezifische Inhalte und Aspekte zur Förderung der Sprachkompetenzen im Allgemeinen zusammenführt. Die genannten Methoden stützen sich auf unterschiedliche Kooperationsformen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Förderung mündlichen Sprachhandelns mehrsprachiger SuS mit Lernschwierigkeiten auf den Interessen der SuS basiert, ressourcenorientiert erfolgt und verschiedene Sozialformen umfasst.
Epistemic evaluation and the aim of belief
Creators: name: Nolfi, Kate
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: In this paper, I articulate a popular and, I think, promising methodological approach to developing an account of epistemic evaluation. I then sketch the account of epistemic evaluation that I argue results from properly implementing this methodological approach. In so doing, I argue that if one accepts the methodological approach I articulate here, then one should also accept that the constitutive aim of belief is not, as many philosophers have assumed, appropriately cashed out in terms of truth. Rather, one should endorse the claim that beliefs aim at being well-suited to serve in practical reasoning that yields successful action. Finally, I briefly address two lines of resistance to the pragmatically driven characterization of the constitutive aim of belief and the resulting account of epistemic evaluation that I develop here.
A parallel multistate framework for atomistic non-equilibrium reaction dynamics of solutes in strongly interacting organic solvents
Creators: name: Glowacki, David R.
name: Orr-Ewing, Andrew J.
name: Harvey, Jeremy N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a parallel linear-scaling computational framework developed to implement arbitrarily large multi-state empirical valence bond (MS-EVB) calculations within CHARMM. Forces are obtained using the Hellman-Feynmann relationship, giving continuous gradients, and excellent energy conservation. Utilizing multi-dimensional Gaussian coupling elements fit to CCSD(T)-F12 electronic structure theory, we built a 64-state MS-EVB model designed to study the F + CD3CN -> DF + CD2CN reaction in CD3CN solvent. This approach allows us to build a reactive potential energy surface (PES) whose balanced accuracy and efficiency considerably surpass what we could achieve otherwise. We use our PES to run MD simulations, and examine a range of transient observables which follow in the wake of reaction, including transient spectra of the DF vibrational band, time dependent profiles of vibrationally excited DF in CD3CN solvent, and relaxation rates for energy flow from DF into the solvent, all of which agree well with experimental observations. Immediately following deuterium abstraction, the nascent DF is in a non-equilibrium regime in two different respects: (1) it is highly excited, with ~23 kcal mol-1 localized in the stretch; and (2) not yet Hydrogen bonded to the CD3CN solvent, its microsolvation environment is intermediate between the non-interacting gas-phase limit and the solution-phase equilibrium limit. Vibrational relaxation of the nascent DF results in a spectral blue shift, while relaxation of its microsolvation environment results in a red shift. These two competing effects result in a post-reaction relaxation profile distinct from that observed when DF vibration excitation occurs within an equilibrium microsolvation environment. The parallel software framework presented in this paper should be more broadly applicable to a range of complex reactive systems.
description: 58 pages and 29 Figures
New Bounds for Axions and Axion-Like Particles with keV-GeV Masses
Creators: name: Millea, Marius
name: Knox, Lloyd
name: Fields, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give updated constraints on hypothetical light bosons with a two-photon coupling such as axions or axion-like particles (ALPs). We focus on masses and lifetimes where decays happen near big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN), thus altering the baryon-to-photon ratio and number of relativistic degrees of freedom between the BBN epoch and the cosmic microwave background (CMB) last scattering epoch, in particular such that $N_{\rm eff}^{\rm CMB} < N_{\rm eff}^{\rm BBN}$ and $η^{\rm CMB} < η^{\rm BBN}$. New constraints presented here come from Planck measurements of the CMB power spectrum combined with the latest inferences of primordial $^4$He and D/H abundances. We find that a previously allowed region in parameter space near $m=1\,\rm MeV$ and $τ=100\,\rm ms$, consistent with a QCD axion arising from a symmetry breaking near the electroweak scale, is now ruled out at $>3σ$ by the combination of CMB+D/H measurements if only ALPs and three thermalized neutrino species contribute to $N_{\rm eff}$. The bound relaxes if there are additional light degrees of freedom present which, in this scenario, have their contribution limited to $ΔN_{\rm eff}=1.1\pm0.3$. We give forecasts showing that a number of experiments are expected to reach the sensitivity needed to further test this region, such as Stage-IV CMB and SUPER-KEKB, the latter a direct test insensitive to any extra degrees of freedom.
Visualizing band structure hybridization and superlattice effects in twisted MoS$_2$/WS$_2$ heterobilayers
Creators: name: Jones, Alfred J. H.
name: Muzzio, Ryan
name: Pakdel, Sahar
name: Biswas, Deepnarayan
name: Curcio, Davide
name: Lanatà, Nicola
name: Hofmann, Philip
name: McCreary, Kathleen M.
name: Jonker, Berend T.
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Singh, Simranjeet
name: Koch, Roland J.
name: Jozwiak, Chris
name: Rotenberg, Eli
name: Bostwick, Aaron
name: Miwa, Jill A.
name: Katoch, Jyoti
name: Ulstrup, Søren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A mismatch of atomic registries between single-layer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) in a two dimensional van der Waals heterostructure produces a moiré superlattice with a periodic potential, which can be fine-tuned by introducing a twist angle between the materials. This approach is promising both for controlling the interactions between the TMDs and for engineering their electronic band structures, yet direct observation of the changes to the electronic structure introduced with varying twist angle has so far been missing. Here, we probe heterobilayers comprised of single-layer MoS$_2$ and WS$_2$ with twist angles of $(2.0 \pm 0.5)^{\circ}$, $(13.0 \pm 0.5)^{\circ}$, and $(20.0 \pm 0.5)^{\circ}$ and investigate the differences in their electronic band structure using micro-focused angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. We find strong interlayer hybridization between MoS$_2$ and WS$_2$ electronic states at the $\bar{\mathrmΓ}$-point of the Brillouin zone, leading to a transition from a direct bandgap in the single-layer to an indirect gap in the heterostructure. Replicas of the hybridized states are observed at the centre of twist angle-dependent moiré mini Brillouin zones. We confirm that these replica features arise from the inherent moiré potential by comparing our experimental observations with density functional theory calculations of the superlattice dispersion. Our direct visualization of these features underscores the potential of using twisted heterobilayer semiconductors to engineer hybrid electronic states and superlattices that alter the electronic and optical properties of 2D heterostructures.
description: 31 pages, 6 figures in the main text and 5 figures in the supporting information
Implementing a customised Lean Six Sigma methodology at a compound animal feed manufacturer in Ireland
Creators: name: Trubetskaya, Anna
name: McDermott, Olivia
name: Brophy, Padraig
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Engineering
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: This study aims to propose a tailored Lean Six Sigma framework providing an accessible Lean Six Sigma methodology for compound feed manufacturers with the aim of mitigating rising costs and increasingly complex demands from customers.Design/methodology/approach A Lean Six Sigma framework was designed combining Lean value stream mapping and Six Sigma structured problem-solving with a case study in an Irish compound feed manufacturer Findings The study found that the Lean Six Sigma implementation framework provided a simplified approach, which fitted the resource availability within compound feed manufacturing Research limitations/implications The study is limited by the constraints of a sole case study in providing empirical evidence of the effectiveness of the framework. Nevertheless, a conceptual Lean Six Sigma model is proposed, which will assist compound feed manufacturers implementing a continuous improvement approach. Originality/value This paper proposes a simplified approach to the implementation of Lean Six Sigma in agricultural compound feed manufacturers and in small and medium-sized organisations. This is the first such study in Ireland and will add to the body of work on Lean in agriculture and aid other agri-businesses and compound feed manufacturers in understanding how Lean Six Sigma can benefit
Atomic waveguide QED with atomic dimers
Creators: name: Castells-Graells, David
name: Malz, Daniel
name: Rusconi, Cosimo C.
name: Cirac, J. Ignacio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum emitters coupled to a waveguide is a paradigm of quantum optics, whose essential properties are described by waveguide quantum electrodynamics (QED). We study the possibility of observing the typical features of the conventional waveguide QED scenario in a system where the role of the waveguide is played by a one-dimensional subwavelength atomic array. For the role of emitters, we propose to use anti-symmetric states of atomic dimers - a pair of closely spaced atoms - as effective two-level systems, which significantly reduces the effect of free-space spontaneous emission. We solve the dynamics of the system both when the dimer frequency lies inside and when it lies outside the band of modes of the array. Along with well-known phenomena of collective emission into the guided modes and waveguide mediated long-range dimer-dimer interactions, we uncover significant non-Markovian corrections which arise from both the finiteness of the array and through retardation effects.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures
M-history without the M
Creators: name: Duff, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A review of the book "A Brief History of String Theory: From Dual Models to M-Theory" by Dean Rickles
description: 6 pages latex. Book review commissioned by Contemporary Physics
Eigenvalue resolution of self-adjoint matrices
Creators: name: Zhu, Xuwen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Resolution of a compact group action in the sense described by Albin and Melrose is applied to the conjugation action by the unitary group on self-adjoint matrices. It is shown that the eigenvalues are smooth on the resolved space and that the trivial bundle smoothly decomposes into the direct sum of global one-dimensional eigenspaces.
description: 10 pages. To appear in Pacific Journal of Mathematics
Inklusive Beschulung von Kindern mit selektivem Mutismus auf der Primarstufe. Entwicklung des Ratgebers «MUT-S: Mutismus in der Schule» auf der Grundlage von Literaturrecherche und Experteninterviews
Creators: name: Weder, Romina Silvana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Sonderpädagogik
Mutismus
Primarstufe
Inklusion
Masterarbeit

description: Handfeste Informationen zur inklusiven Beschulung von Kindern mit selektivem Mutismus auf der Primarstufe fehlen in der Volksschule. Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht den aktuellen Stand der Fachdiskussion und Konzeption für die Praxis durch Literaturrecherche und Experteninterviews mit vier interprofessionellen Expertinnen für selektiven Mutismus. Durch die Gegenüberstellung der Literaturrecherche und der Experteninterviews werden Handlungsleitsätze entwickelt, die in Form des Ratgebers «MUT-S: Mutismus in der Schule» für Lehrpersonen übersichtlich dargestellt werden. Der Bedarf und das Interesse an einem Ratgeber für die inklusive Beschulung von Kindern mit selektivem Mutismus auf der Primarstufe werden anhand einer schriftlichen Umfrage im Kanton Zürich überprüft und bestätigt.
The application of adaptive minimum match k-nearest neighbors to identify at-risk students in health professions education
Creators: name: Kumar, Anshul
name: DiJohnson, Taylor
name: Edwards, Roger
name: Walker, Lisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Purpose: When a learner fails to reach a milestone, educators often wonder if there had been any warning signs that could have allowed them to intervene sooner. Machine learning can predict which students are at risk of failing a high-stakes certification exam. If predictions can be made well in advance of the exam, then educators can meaningfully intervene before students take the exam to reduce the chances of a failing score. Methods: Using already-collected, first-year student assessment data from five cohorts in a Master of Physician Assistant Studies program, the authors implement an "adaptive minimum match" version of the k-nearest neighbors algorithm (AMMKNN), using changing numbers of neighbors to predict each student's future exam scores on the Physician Assistant National Certifying Examination (PANCE). Validation occurred in two ways: Leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) and evaluating the predictions in a new cohort. Results: AMMKNN achieved an accuracy of 93% in LOOCV. AMMKNN generates a predicted PANCE score for each student, one year before they are scheduled to take the exam. Students can then be classified into extra support, optional extra support, or no extra support groups. The educator then has one year to provide the appropriate customized support to each category of student. Conclusions: Predictive analytics can identify at-risk students, so they can receive additional support or remediation when preparing for high-stakes certification exams. Educators can use the included methods and code to generate predicted test outcomes for students. The authors recommend that educators use this or similar predictive methods responsibly and transparently, as one of many tools used to support students.
Separability properties of automorphisms of graph products of groups
Creators: name: Ferov, Michal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study properties of automorphisms of graph products of groups. We show that graph product $Γ\mathcal{G}$ has non-trivial pointwise inner automorphisms if and only if some vertex group corresponding to a central vertex has non-trivial pointwise inner automorphisms. We use this result to study residual finiteness of $\mathop{Out}(Γ\mathcal{G})$. We show that if all vertex groups are finitely generated residually finite and the vertex groups corresponding to central vertices satisfy certain technical (yet natural) condition, then $\mathop{Out}(Γ\mathcal{G})$ is residually finite. Finally, we generalise this result to graph products of residually $p$-finite groups to show that if $Γ\mathcal{G}$ is a graph product of finitely generated residually $p$-finite groups such that the vertex groups corresponding to central vertices satisfy the $p$-version of the technical condition then $\mathop{Out}(Γ\mathcal{G})$ is virtually residually $p$-finite. We use this result to prove bi-orderability of Torreli groups of some graph products of finitely generated residually torsion-free nilpotent groups.
description: Updated to the published version, 25 pages
Online Packing and Covering Framework with Convex Objectives
Creators: name: Buchbinder, Niv
name: Chen, Shahar
name: Gupta, Anupam
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider online fractional covering problems with a convex objective, where the covering constraints arrive over time. Formally, we want to solve min{f(x)∣Ax≥1,x≥0}, where the objective function f:Rn→R is convex, and the constraint matrix Am×n is non-negative. The rows of A arrive online over time, and we wish to maintain a feasible solution x at all times while only increasing coordinates of x. We also consider "dual" packing problems of the form max{c⊺y−g(μ)∣A⊺y≤μ,y≥0}, where g is a convex function. In the online setting, variables y and columns of A⊺ arrive over time, and we wish to maintain a non-decreasing solution (y,μ).
We provide an online primal-dual framework for both classes of problems with competitive ratio depending on certain "monotonicity" and "smoothness" parameters of f; our results match or improve on guarantees for some special classes of functions f considered previously.
Using this fractional solver with problem-dependent randomized rounding procedures, we obtain competitive algorithms for the following problems: online covering LPs minimizing ℓp-norms of arbitrary packing constraints, set cover with multiple cost functions, capacity constrained facility location, capacitated multicast problem, set cover with set requests, and profit maximization with non-separable production costs. Some of these results are new and others provide a unified view of previous results, with matching or slightly worse competitive ratios.
Movement Primitives for an Orthogonal Prismatic Closed-Lattice-Constrained Self-Reconfiguring Module
Creators: name: Weller, Michael P.
name: Karagozler, Mustafa E.
name: Kirby, Brian
name: Campbell, Jason
name: Goldstein, Seth C.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We describe a new set of prismatic movement
primitives for cubic modular robots. Our approach appears
more practical than previous metamodule-based approaches.
We also describe recent hardware developments in our cubic
robot modules that have sufficient stiffness and actuator
strength so that when they work together they can realize, in
earth’s gravity, all of the motion primitives we describe here.
De Finetti Theorems for Quantum Conditional Probability Distributions with Symmetry
Creators: name: Jandura, Sven
name: Tan, Ernest Y. -Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of device-independent quantum key distribution (DIQKD) is to study protocols that allow the generation of a secret shared key between two parties under minimal assumptions on the devices that produce the key. These devices are merely modeled as black boxes and mathematically described as conditional probability distributions. A major obstacle in the analysis of DIQKD protocols is the huge space of possible black box behaviors. De Finetti theorems can help to overcome this problem by reducing the analysis to black boxes that have an iid structure. Here we show two new de Finetti theorems that relate conditional probability distributions in the quantum set to de Finetti distributions (convex combinations of iid distributions), that are themselves in the quantum set. We also show how one of these de Finetti theorems can be used to enforce some restrictions onto the attacker of a DIQKD protocol. Finally we observe that some desirable strengthenings of this restriction, for instance to collective attacks only, are not straightforwardly possible.
description: v2: Published version; v1: 30 pages. Ann. Henri Poincar\'e (2023)
Multi-Sensor Mobile Robot Localization For Diverse Environments
Creators: name: Joydeep  Biswas
name: Veloso, Manuela M.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Mobile robot localization with different sensors and algorithms is a widely studied problem, and there have been many approaches proposed, with considerable degrees of success. However, every sensor and algorithm has limitations, due to which we believe no single localization algorithm can be “perfect,” or universally applicable to all situations.
Laser rangefinders are commonly used for localization, and state-of-the-art algorithms are capable of achieving sub-centimeter accuracy in environments with features observable by laser rangefinders. Unfortunately, in large scale environments, there are bound to be areas devoid of features visible by a laser rangefinder, like open atria or corridors with glass walls. In such situations, the error in localization estimates using laser rangefinders could grow in an unbounded manner. Localization algorithms that use depth cameras, like the Microsoft Kinect sensor, have similar characteristics. WiFi signal strength based algorithms, on the other hand, are applicable anywhere there is dense WiFi coverage, and have bounded errors. Although the minimum error of WiFi based localization may be greater than that of laser rangefinder or depth camera based localization, the maximum error of WiFi based localization is bounded and less than that of the other algorithms.
Hence, in our work, we analyze the strengths of localization using all three sensors - using a laser rangefinder, a depth camera, and using WiFi. We identify sensors that are most accurate at localization for different locations on the map. The mobile robot could then, for example, rely on WiFi localization more in open areas or areas with glass walls, and laser rangefinder and depth camera based localization in corridor and office environments.
A Markov chain approximation of switched Fokker-Planck equations for a model of on-off intermittency in the postural control during quiet standing
Creators: name: Suzuki, Yasuyuki
name: Togame, Keigo
name: Nakamura, Akihiro
name: Nomura, Taishin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The intermittent on-off switching of feedback control is considered as a major mechanism of postural stabilization during human quiet standing, which can be modeled by switched-type hybrid stochastic delay differential equations with unstable subsystems. Dynamics of the model can also be described by the corresponding switched-type Fokker-Planck (FP) equations. Here, we develop a comprehensive numerical recipe to simulate switched-type FP equations in the case that the probability current is conserved at the switching boundary, as is the case for noise-free models exhibiting C^0-continuity for solutions at the boundary, but in a way extendable to cases with discontinuous jump. Specifically, the FP equations are approximated by a finite state Markov chain model using the finite element method. Then, dynamics of the Markov chain model, including time evolution of probability density function (PDF), stationary PDF, and power spectrum of postural sway are analyzed. We further investigate how the stationary PDF alters as values of important parameters of the model change. Dynamics of the Markov chain model are compared with Monte Carlo-based dynamics of the model, by which the developed numerical recipe is validated. The obtained Markov chain model forms a basis of our future investigations of the intermittent postural control as a Markov decision process.
description: 49 pages, 6 figures
Familienorientierung in der Heilpädagogischen Früherziehung. Elternbefragung zur Erfassung wahrgenommener Familienorientierung
Creators: name: Schwery, Joséphine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Sonderpädagogik
heilpädagogische Früherziehung
Familienorientierung
Masterarbeit

description: In der Heilpädagogischen Früherziehung gilt Familienorientierung als das zentrale Leitkonzept, welches den Praxisdiskurs in der letzten Dekade massgeblich geprägt hat. Die vorliegende Studie ermittelt anhand der Family-Centered Practices Scale von Dunst und Trivette (2006), welche in dieser Untersuchung in verschiedenen Sprachen angeboten wurde, die Sicht der Eltern in Bezug auf familienorientierte Arbeitsweisen und untersucht, welche Faktoren mit der Familienorientierung zusammenhängen. Die Elternbefragung von 56 Eltern aus vier unterschiedlichen Heilpädagogischen Dienststellen der deutschen Schweiz widerspiegelt ein hohes Ausmass an erlebter Familienorientierung. Dabei zeigt sich, dass beziehungsorientierte Aspekte signifikant höher wahrgenommen werden als teilhaberorientierte Aspekte. Im Weiteren wird ein signifikanter Zusammenhang zwischen der Familienorientierung und den sprachlichen Verständigungsmöglichkeiten von Fachperson und Eltern festgestellt.
Universal enveloping algebra of a pair of compatible Lie brackets
Creators: name: Gubarev, Vsevolod
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B80

description: Applying the Poincare-Birkhoff-Witt property and the Groebner-Shirshov bases technique, we find the linear basis of the associative universal enveloping algebra in the sense of V. Ginzburg and M. Kapranov of a pair of compatible Lie brackets. We state that the growth rate of this universal enveloping over $n$-dimensional compatible Lie algebra equals $n+1$.
description: 9 p.; v2: the defining relations of the universal enveloping algebra in the sense of V. Ginzburg and M. Kapranov of a pair of compatible Lie brackets are corrected; v3: Remarks 2 and 3 are added
Dispersion Estimates for One-Dimensional Schrödinger Equations with Singular Potentials
Creators: name: Kostenko, Aleksey
name: Teschl, Gerald
name: Toloza, Julio H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35Q41, 34L25 (Primary), 81U30, 81Q15 (Secondary)

description: We derive a dispersion estimate for one-dimensional perturbed radial Schrödinger operators. We also derive several new estimates for solutions of the underlying differential equation and investigate the behavior of the Jost function near the edge of the continuous spectrum.
description: 26 pages
Multi-server queueing systems with multiple priority classes
Creators: name: Harchol-Balter, Mor
name: Osogami, Takayuki
name: Wolf, Alan
name: Wierman, Adam
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present the first near-exact analysis of an M/PH/k queue with m > 2 preemptive-resume priority classes. Our analysis introduces a new technique, which we refer to as Recursive Dimensionality Reduction (RDR). The key idea in RDR is that the m-dimensionally infinite Markov chain, representing the m class state space, is recursively reduced to a 1-dimensionally infinite Markov chain, that is easily and quickly solved. RDR involves no truncation and results in only small inaccuracy when compared with simulation, for a wide range of loads and variability in the job size distribution.
Our analytic methods are then used to derive insights on how multi-server systems with prioritization compare with their single server counterparts with respect to response time. Multi-server systems are also compared with single server systems with respect to the effect of different prioritization schemes—“smart” prioritization (giving priority to the smaller jobs) versus “stupid” prioritization (giving priority to the larger jobs). We also study the effect of approximating m class performance by collapsing the m classes into just two classes.
Radiation Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations of Protostellar Collapse: Non-Ideal Magnetohydrodynamic Effects and Early Formation of Circumstellar Disks
Creators: name: Tomida, Kengo
name: Okuzumi, Satoshi
name: Machida, Masahiro N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transport of angular momentum by magnetic fields is a crucial physical process in formation and evolution of stars and disks. Because the ionization degree in star forming clouds is extremely low, non-ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) effects such as ambipolar diffusion and Ohmic dissipation work strongly during protostellar collapse. These effects have significant impacts in the early phase of star formation as they redistribute magnetic flux and suppress angular momentum transport by magnetic fields. We perform three-dimensional nested-grid radiation magnetohydrodynamic (RMHD) simulations including Ohmic dissipation and ambipolar diffusion. Without these effects, magnetic fields transport angular momentum so efficiently that no rotationally supported disk is formed even after the second collapse. Ohmic dissipation works only in a relatively high density region within the first core and suppresses angular momentum transport, enabling formation of a very small rotationally supported disk after the second collapse. With both Ohmic dissipation and ambipolar diffusion, these effects work effectively in almost the entire region within the first core and significant magnetic flux loss occurs. As a result, a rotationally supported disk is formed even before a protostellar core forms. The size of the disk is still small, about 5 AU at the end of the first core phase, but this disk will grow later as gas accretion continues. Thus the non-ideal MHD effects can resolve the so-called magnetic braking catastrophe while maintaining the disk size small in the early phase, which is implied from recent interferometric observations.
description: 23 pages, 12 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in ApJ
Large-scale structure and galaxy motions in the Leo/Cancer constellations
Creators: name: Karachentsev, Igor D.
name: Nasonova, Olga G.
name: Karachentseva, Valentina E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the region of the sky limited by the coordinates RA$=7.0^h...12.0^h$, Dec$=0^\circ...+20^\circ$ and extending from the Virgo Cluster to the South Pole of the Local Supercluster, we consider the data on the galaxies with radial velocities $V_{LG}\lesssim 2000$ km/s. For 290 among them, we determine individual distances and peculiar velocities. In this region, known as the local velocity anomaly zone, there are 23 groups and 20 pairs of galaxies for which the estimates of virial/orbital masses are obtained. A nearby group around NGC3379 = Leo I and NGC3627 as well as the Local Group show the motion from the Local Void in the direction of Leo cloud with a characteristic velocity of about 400 km/s. Another rich group of galaxies around NGC3607 reveals peculiar velocity of about -420 km/s in the frame of reference related with the cosmic background radiation. A peculiar scattered association of dwarf galaxies Gemini Flock at a distance of 8 Mpc has the radial velocity dispersion of only 20 km/s and the size of approximately 0.7 Mpc. The virial mass estimate for it is 300 times greater than the total stellar mass. The ratio of the sum of virial masses of groups and pairs in the Leo/Can region to the sum of stellar masses of the galaxies contained in them equals 26, which is equivalent to the local average density $Ω_{m(local)} = 0.074$, which is 3-4 times smaller than the global average density of matter.
description: 23 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables. Accepted to Astrophysical Bulletin
HARPS: An Online POMDP Framework for Human-Assisted Robotic Planning and Sensing
Creators: name: Burks, Luke
name: Ray, Hunter M.
name: McGinley, Jamison
name: Vunnam, Sousheel
name: Ahmed, Nisar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Autonomous robots can benefit greatly from human-provided semantic characterizations of uncertain task environments and states. However, the development of integrated strategies which let robots model, communicate, and act on such 'soft data' remains challenging. Here, the Human Assisted Robotic Planning and Sensing (HARPS) framework is presented for active semantic sensing and planning in human-robot teams to address these gaps by formally combining the benefits of online sampling-based POMDP policies, multimodal semantic interaction, and Bayesian data fusion. This approach lets humans opportunistically impose model structure and extend the range of semantic soft data in uncertain environments by sketching and labeling arbitrary landmarks across the environment. Dynamic updating of the environment model while during search allows robotic agents to actively query humans for novel and relevant semantic data, thereby improving beliefs of unknown environments and states for improved online planning. Simulations of a UAV-enabled target search application in a large-scale partially structured environment show significant improvements in time and belief state estimates required for interception versus conventional planning based solely on robotic sensing. Human subject studies in the same environment (n = 36) demonstrate an average doubling in dynamic target capture rate compared to the lone robot case, and highlight the robustness of active probabilistic reasoning and semantic sensing over a range of user characteristics and interaction modalities.
description: Accepted to IEEE Transactions on Robotics. 20 pages, 18 figures