cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Knowledge of radiation doses, risks and protection among radiographers and referring physicians in Singapore General Hospital
Creators: name: Soh, Bao Lin Pauline
name: Ong, EST
name: Ashari, MFM
name: Lee, SHE
Publisher: name: Singapore Institute of Technology
Year: 2024

description: Extensive research underscores the persistent problem of unwarranted ionising radiation exposure in healthcare institutions, which can lead to detrimental effects such as cancer on the body . Studies have demonstrated a lack of knowledge and emphasis on radiation education among radiographers and referring physicians . In Turkey, a study revealed that 24.6% of physicians requested CT scans for patients without justified clinical indications. Another study in Italy found that despite 90% of radiographers stating to have sufficient awareness of radiation protection issues, most of them underestimated the radiation dose of almost all radiological procedures. Notably, such studies haven't been conducted locally in Singapore, warranting this work that aims to gather pilot data evaluating radiation knowledge among referring physicians and radiographers. This study revealed a lack of radiation knowledge among radiographers and referring physicians which is concerning due to its implications on radiation safety. The lack of radiation knowledge increases the risk of overexposing patients to ionising radiation, therefore, increasing their risk of harmful adverse effects. Since it is both radiographers’ and referring physicians’ responsibilities to keep patients’ exposure to ionising radiation to a minimum, it is essential that knowledge gaps are addressed through appropriate measures to ensure radiation safety for patients and personnel are guaranteed.
Factorization of 5D super Yang-Mills on $Y^{p,q}$ spaces
Creators: name: Qiu, Jian
name: Zabzine, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We continue our study on the partition function for 5D supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory on toric Sasaki-Einstein $Y^{p,q}$ manifolds. Previously, using the localisation technique we have computed the perturbative part of the partition function. In this work we show how the perturbative part factorises into four pieces, each corresponding to the perturbative answer of the same theory on $\mathbb{R}^4 \times S^1$. This allows us to identify the equivariant parameters and to conjecture the full partition functions (including the instanton contributions) for $Y^{p,q}$ spaces. The conjectured partition function receives contributions only from singular contact instantons supported along the closed Reeb orbits. At the moment we are not able to prove this fact from the first principles.
description: 27 pages, references added, typos corrected
Facilitating digital collaboration through knowledge management: a case study
Creators: name: Abbas, Yawar
name: Martinetti, Alberto
name: Rajabalinejad, Mohammad
name: Schuberth, Florian
name: van Dongen, L. A. M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Knowledge management (KM) can facilitate collaboration and enhance innovation. To manage knowledge, organisations typically implement knowledge management systems (KMSs). It has been shown that KMS facilitates the management of explicit knowledge. However, KMSs are at times not embraced because of issues such as long file search times and information overload. Moreover, managing tacit knowledge via KMS is hardly discussed in literature. To shed light on these issues, this paper conducts a case study at a railway infrastructure manager. Three key practical problems have been identified that hinder current KMS use and sharing of tacit knowledge. To overcome these problems, a KM platform was developed, and its usability was assessed with 17 experts. A paired-samples t-test reveals that the developed platform reduces the file search time compared to the current solution. Moreover, structured interviews show that the lesson-learned site component contributes to improved learning, and the KM platform facilitates collaboration building.
Multistability of a Josephson parametric amplifier coupled to a mechanical resonator
Creators: name: Shevchuk, Olga
name: Fazio, Rosario
name: Blanter, Ya. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of Josephson Parametric Amplifier (JPA) coupled to a mechanical oscillator, as realised with a dc Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) with an embedded movable arm. We analyse this system in the regime when the frequency of the mechanical oscillator is comparable in magnitude with the plasma oscillation of the SQUID. When the nano-mechanical resonator is driven, it strongly affects the dynamics of the JPA. We show that this coupling can considerably modify the dynamics of JPA and induce its multistability rather than common bistability. This analysis is relevant if one considers a JPA for detection of mechanical motion.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
Automated Controller Calibration by Kalman Filtering
Creators: name: Menner, Marcel
name: Berntorp, Karl
name: Di Cairano, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes a method for calibrating control parameters. Examples of such control parameters are gains of PID controllers, weights of a cost function for optimal control, filter coefficients, the sliding surface of a sliding mode controller, or weights of a neural network. Hence, the proposed method can be applied to a wide range of controllers. The method uses a Kalman filter that estimates control parameters, using data of closed-loop system operation. The control parameter calibration is driven by a training objective, which encompasses specifications on the performance of the dynamical system. The performance-driven calibration method tunes the parameters online and robustly, is computationally efficient, has low data storage requirements, and is easy to implement making it appealing for many real-time applications. Simulation results show that the method is able to learn control parameters quickly, is able to tune the parameters to compensate for disturbances, and is robust to noise. A simulation study with the high-fidelity vehicle simulator CarSim shows that the method can calibrate controllers of a complex dynamical system online, which indicates its applicability to a real-world system. We also verify the real-time feasibility on an embedded platform with automotive-grade processors by implementing our method on a dSPACE MicroAutoBox-II rapid prototyping unit.
Local and global existence for the Ericksen-Leslie problem in unbounded domains
Creators: name: Barbera, Daniele
name: Georgiev, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 76A15, 35Q30, 35Q35

description: The work deals with the Ericksen-Leslie model for nematic liquid crystals on the whole space, the half-space and on exterior domains with smooth boundary. The crystal orientation is described by a unit vector that is a small perturbation of a fixed constant vector. We prove, through a combination of energy method with dispersive a priori estimates, a local existence and a global existence for small initial data by a contraction argument asking low regularity assumptions on the initial condition.
description: 38 pages
Accounting for systematic uncertainties in the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) detector response
Creators: name: Silvestri, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Launched on December 9, 2021, the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) is the first imaging polarimeter ever flown, providing sensitivity in the 2--8 keV range, and during the 2-year initial phase of the mission will sample tens of X-ray sources among different source classes. While most of the measurements will be statistics-limited, for some of the brightest objects observed and long integration times, the systematic uncertainties in the detector response (primarily the effective area, the modulation factor and the absolute energy scale) will be important. In this contribution, we describe a framework to propagate on high-level observables (e.g.: spectro-polarimetric fit parameters) the systematic uncertainties connected with the response of the detector, that we estimate from relevant ground calibrations and from observations of celestial point sources.
description: 2 pages, 8 figures
The 'most classical' states of Euclidean invariant elementary quantum mechanical systems
Creators: name: Szabados, László B
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Complex techniques of general relativity are used to determine \emph{all} the states in the two and three dimensional momentum spaces in which the equality holds in the uncertainty relations for the non-commuting basic observables of Euclidean invariant elementary quantum mechanical systems, even with non-zero intrinsic spin. It is shown that while there is a 1-parameter family of such states for any two components of the angular momentum vector operator with any angle between them, such states exist for a component of the linear and angular momenta \emph{only if} these components are orthogonal to each other and hence the problem is reduced to the two-dimensional Euclidean invariant case. We also show that the analogous states exist for a component of the linear momentum and of the centre-of-mass vector \emph{only if} the angle between them is zero or an acute angle. \emph{No} such state (represented by a square integrable and differentiable wave function) can exist for \emph{any} pair of components of the centre-of-mass vector operator. Therefore, the existence of such states depends not only on the Lie algebra, but on the choice for its generators as well.
description: 28 pages; v2: typos corrected, discussion improved; v3: final version, references added, appeared in J.Math.Phys
Numerical Implementation of lepton-nucleus interactions and its effect on neutrino oscillation analysis
Creators: name: Jen, C. -M.
name: Ankowski, A.
name: Benhar, O.
name: Furmanski, A. P.
name: Kalousis, L. N.
name: Mariani, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the implementation of the nuclear model based on realistic nuclear spectral functions in the GENIE neutrino interaction generator. Besides improving on the Fermi gas description of the nuclear ground state, our scheme involves a new prescription for $Q^2$ selection, meant to efficiently enforce energy momentum conservation. The results of our simulations, validated through comparison to electron scattering data, have been obtained for a variety of target nuclei, ranging from carbon to argon, and cover the kinematical region in which quasi elastic scattering is the dominant reaction mechanism. We also analyse the influence of the adopted nuclear model on the determination of neutrino oscillation parameters.
description: 19 pages, 35 figures, version accepted by Phys. Rev. D
Constraining disformal couplings with Redshift Space Distortion
Creators: name: Dusoye, Avishek
name: de la Cruz-Dombriz, Alvaro
name: Dunsby, Peter
name: Nunes, Nelson J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a quintessence model for which the scalar field is disformally coupled to dark matter. The background mimics the LCDM cosmological evolution and the quintessence potential is not specified. A disformal effect due to the quintessential mass is seen in the growth rate of the cosmological structure on large scales. The disformal parameter renders no appreciable effect on the evolution of the total matter perturbation. An analysis of the conformal parameter and quintessential mass is investigated using the Redshift Space Distortion data to find the best-fit values that might explain the well-known sigma-8 tension.
description: 20 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, Version published in JCAP01(2023)001, Minor Changes
Knowledge management in industry 4.0 environment for sustainable competitive advantage: a strategic framework
Creators: name: Gupta, Ayush
name: Singh, Rajesh Kr
name: Kamble, Sachin
name: Mishra, Ruchi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Knowledge is an intangible asset that can increase employees’ and organisation’s effectiveness. Limited research has been done to upgrade existing knowledge management systems in the Industry 4.0 environment. Hence, this study identifies thirteen critical factors for developing a knowledge management system in Industry 4.0 environment. Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) is utilised to develop the structural relationships among these factors. Finally, fuzzy MICAMC is used to categorise the factors based on driving-dependence value. The results reveal the direct and indirect effects of these factors in developing a KM system in the digital age. Findings suggest that top management support, development of knowledge management strategy, knowledge friendly culture, creation and maintenance of digital infrastructure, and employees training are the major drivers for developing a KM system in Industry 4.0 environment. Organizations can use the proposed framework to prioritise their actions to develop a KM system in the Industry 4.0 environment.
Coinciding mean of the two symmetries on the set of mean functions
Creators: name: Mihoković, Lenka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26E60, 41A60, 26E40, 39B22

description: On the set $\mathcal M$ of mean functions the symmetric mean of $M$ with respect to mean $M_0$ can be defined in several ways. The first one is related to the group structure on $\mathcal M$ and the second one is defined trough Gauss' functional equation. In this paper we provide an answer to the open question formulated by B.\ Farhi about the matching of these two different mappings called symmetries on the set of mean functions. Using techniques of asymptotic expansions developed by T.\ Burić, N.\ Elezović and L.\ Mihoković (Vuk\v sić) we discuss some properties of such symmetries trough connection with asymptotic expansions of means involved. As a result of coefficient comparison, new class of means was discovered which interpolates between harmonic, geometric and arithmetic mean.
description: 15 pages
Trinification Phenomenology and the structure of Higgs Bosons
Creators: name: Stech, Berthold
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The extension of the Standard Model to $SU(3)_L \times SU(3)_R \times SU(3)_C$ (the trinification group) augmented by the $ SO(3)_G $ flavor group is considered. In our phenomenological treatment partly known and partly proposed vacuum expectation values of the scalar Higgs fields play a dominant role. All Higgs fields are taken to be flavor singlets, all flavon fields trinification singlets. We need two flavor (generation) matrices. One determines the mass hierarchy of all fermions, the second one is responsible for all mixings including the CP-violating phase in the CKM matrix. The mixing with higher states contained in the group representation provides for an understanding of the difference between the up quark and the down quark spectrum. There is a close connection between charged and neutral fermions. An inverted neutrino hierarchy is predicted. Examples for the tree-level potential of the Higgs fields are given. To obtain an acceptable spectrum of scalar states, the construction of the potential requires the combination of matrix fields that differ with respect to fermion couplings and flavor-changing properties. As a consequence bosons with fermiophobic components or, alternatively, flavor-changing components are predicted in this model. Nevertheless, the Higgs boson at 125 GeV is very little different from the Standard Model Higgs boson in its couplings to fermions but may have self-coupling constants larger by a factor 2.
description: 12 pages, minor corrections, version accepted for publication in JHEP
Effects of colliding laser pulses polarization on $ e^{-}e^{+} $ cascade development in extreme focusing
Creators: name: Jirka, M.
name: Bulanov, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The onset and development of electron-positron cascade in a standing wave formed by multiple colliding laser pulses requires tight focusing in order to achieve the maximum laser intensity. There, steep spatio-temporal gradients in the laser intensity expel seed particles from the high-intensity region and thus can prevent the onset of a cascade. We show that radially polarized laser pulses ensure that the seed electrons are present at the focal plane at the moment of the highest amplitude even in the case of extreme focusing. This feature reduces the required laser power for the onset of a cascade 100 times (80 times) compared to circularly (linearly) polarized laser pulses having the same focal spot radius and duration.
Continual Learning for Monolingual End-to-End Automatic Speech Recognition
Creators: name: Eeckt, Steven Vander
name: Van hamme, Hugo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Adapting Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) models to new domains results in a deterioration of performance on the original domain(s), a phenomenon called Catastrophic Forgetting (CF). Even monolingual ASR models cannot be extended to new accents, dialects, topics, etc. without suffering from CF, making them unable to be continually enhanced without storing all past data. Fortunately, Continual Learning (CL) methods, which aim to enable continual adaptation while overcoming CF, can be used. In this paper, we implement an extensive number of CL methods for End-to-End ASR and test and compare their ability to extend a monolingual Hybrid CTC-Transformer model across four new tasks. We find that the best performing CL method closes the gap between the fine-tuned model (lower bound) and the model trained jointly on all tasks (upper bound) by more than 40%, while requiring access to only 0.6% of the original data.
description: Published at EUSIPCO 2022. 5 pages, 1 figure
Holographic Evidence for Non-Supersymmetric Conformal Manifolds
Creators: name: Giambrone, Alfredo
name: Guarino, Adolfo
name: Malek, Emanuel
name: Samtleben, Henning
name: Sterckx, Colin
name: Trigiante, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide the first holographic evidence for the existence of a non-supersymmetric conformal manifold arising from exactly marginal but supersymmetry-breaking deformations of a superconformal three-dimensional field theory. In particular, we construct a 2-parameter non-supersymmetric deformation of a supersymmetric AdS non-geometric background in Type IIB string theory. We prove that the non-supersymmetric backgrounds are perturbatively stable and also do not suffer from various non-perturbative instabilities. Finally, we argue that diffeomorphism symmetry protects our solutions against higher-derivative string corrections.
description: 6 pages. v2: clarifications added, published version
title: CERN Yellow Reports: Monographs, Vol. 2 (2002): Conceptual design of an experiment at the FCC-hh, a future 100 TeV hadron collider
title: Conceptual design of an experiment at the FCC-hh, a future 100 TeV hadron collider
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: CERN Yellow Reports: Monographs
Publisher: name: CERN Yellow Reports: Monographs
Year: 2022

description: Eds. M. Mangano and W. Riegler This report summarises the study of a general purpose detector for the FCC-hh, a 100 TeV hadron collider with peak luminosity of 3 ⋅ 1035 cm-2s-1. A pileup of 1000 pp collisions per bunch-crossing, highly boosted objects as well as radiation levels up to 1018 hadrons/cm2 are just three of the challenges that such a collider poses. The general specifications for such a detector in terms of resolution, granularity, acceptance and radiation tolerance are discussed. A specific detector layout is proposed and its performance is simulated, discussed and parameterized. This parameterization is then used to evaluate the performance for key benchmark physics topics, such as the precision measurement of the Higgs boson couplings and the discovery reach for several frameworks beyond the Standard Model.
Axion emission from strange matter in core-collapse SNe
Creators: name: Cavan-Piton, Mael
name: Guadagnoli, Diego
name: Oertel, Micaela
name: Seong, Hyeonseok
name: Vittorio, Ludovico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The duration of the neutrino burst from the supernova event SN 1987A is known to be sensitive to exotic sources of cooling, such as axions radiated from the dense and hot hadronic matter thought to constitute the inner core of the supernova. We perform the first quantitative study of the role of hadronic matter beyond the first generation -- in particular strange matter. We do so by consistently including the full baryon and meson octets, and computing axion emissivity induced from baryon-meson to baryon-axion scatterings as well as from baryon decays. We consider a range of supernova thermodynamic conditions, as well as equation-of-state models with different strangeness content. We obtain the first bound on the axial axion-strange-strange coupling, as well as the strongest existing bound on the axion-down-strange counterpart. Our bound on the latter coupling can be as small as $O(10^{-2})$ for $f_a = 10^9$ GeV.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures. v2: Text completely overhauled, and main figures redesigned for improved readability; results unchanged. Matches journal version
On Bell-Like Inequalities for Testing Local Realism
Creators: name: Graft, Donald A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Objections to the use of inequalities to address foundational issues are considered and shown to be invalid. The Clauser-Horne (CH) inequality is considered and interpreted in this light. It is shown that, applied correctly, the CH inequality can validly test aspects of locality. This paper establishes a firm methodological ground for a following paper analyzing a recent CH experiment.
description: Minor corrections throughout
Meditations on the abyss
Creators: name: Jacob, Edwin Daniel
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2018

description: American foreign policy has lacked a coherent strategic framework since the Cold War ended. This lack of vision is confirmed by the regional chaos that continues to plague the Middle East fifteen years after a bid to assert American hegemony in the Middle East failed in Iraq. This study contests reductionist interpretations of global insecurity in favor of what can best be understood as an ideological framework for understanding modern insecurity. It thus provides an immanent critique of American security thinking while offering suggestions for a soluble link between the theory and practice of modern security in an age mired by geostrategic challenges to state and regional powers and fractured international institutions and alliances. A critical historical and political approach is taken to determine the preconditions for today’s security failures. Unencumbered by cold war constraints from the Soviet Union, the US took on numerous unilateral and multilateral interventions throughout the world in the nineties and, in so doing, not only created new enemies but also set the preconditions for how America would respond when transnational terrorism touched her shores on 9/11. Operating under what I term “reified realism,” whereby power is exercised in the breach, American security practices have tended to be counterproductive: producing further insecurity through the original act of securitization—or what I deem an “in/security matrix.” This dynamic relationship becomes apparent from the standpoint of the “war on terror” presidents’ practices. Be it the unilateral preemption of Bush’s neo-conservatives or the multilateral engagement of Obama’s neo-liberals, these foreign policy models are ultimately distinguished by the means they employ to arrive at shared ends. In each instance, however, a similar phenomenon drives American security practices in this epoch of terror. “Post strategic warfare,” as I determine it, whereby ethically spurious isolated tactics replace and masquerade as strategy to fight a transnational enemy, has intensified attempts to quell security failures. Short-term exigency, which is often readily associated with security, is challenged not only in terms of ethics but also in terms of strategic utility and long-term stability—the cornerstone of the realist enterprise since its inception. Recovering realism from its usurpation will, as I argue, go a long way in reorienting American security practices today while also anticipating future ones as well.
Statistical sensitivity of 163-Ho electron capture neutrino mass experiments
Creators: name: Nucciotti, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large calorimetric neutrino mass experiments using thermal detectors are possibly going to play a crucial role in the challenge for assessing the neutrino mass. This paper describe a tool based on Monte Carlo methods which has been developed to estimate the statistical sensitivity of calorimetric neutrino mass experiments using the 163-Ho electron capture decay. The tool is applied to investigate the effect of various experimental parameters and the results useful for designing an experiment with sub-eV sensitivity are given.
description: Accepted for publication in EPJ-C
Pathways to college readiness
Creators: name: Hanson, Renée R.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2018

description: The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of these academic programs and college readiness of student participants in pre-college/college developmental programs. Two education programs were assessed.  Mixed method design was implemented and triangulation was used as there was a convergence of results from both quantitative and qualitative research methods.  A longitudinal sample of 1,400 participants who entered a college developmental program over a ten-year period was analyzed.  A series of statistical analyses were conducted from the sample.  Logistic regression models were created to predict persistence and degree attainment of participants.  In addition, interviews and classroom observations were also conducted for further analysis.The data revealed that African American students (male and female) were predominant participants in both program A and B compared to other race and ethnic groups in the programs.  Program B students showed positive graduation rate outcomes as first-time, college degree-seeking students overtime when compared to the U.S. average graduation rate of traditional first-time bachelor degree-seeking students.  The combination of logistic regression results and the qualitative data collected and analyzed showed program B students were more likely to earn a college degree in five years and beyond.
Degenerate Adiabatic Perturbation Theory: Foundations and Applications
Creators: name: Rigolin, Gustavo
name: Ortiz, Gerardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present details and expand on the framework leading to the recently introduced degenerate adiabatic perturbation theory [Phys. Rev. Lett. 104, 170406 (2010)], and on the formulation of the degenerate adiabatic theorem, along with its necessary and sufficient conditions given in [Phys. Rev. A 85, 062111 (2012)]. We start with the adiabatic approximation for degenerate Hamiltonians that paves the way to a clear and rigorous statement of the associated degenerate adiabatic theorem, where the non-abelian geometric phase (Wilczek-Zee phase) plays a central role to its quantitative formulation. We then describe the degenerate adiabatic perturbation theory, whose zeroth order term is the degenerate adiabatic approximation, in its full generality. The parameter in the perturbative power series expansion of the time-dependent wave function is directly associated to the inverse of the time it takes to drive the system from its initial to its final state. With the aid of the degenerate adiabatic perturbation theory we obtain rigorous necessary and sufficient conditions for the validity of the adiabatic theorem of quantum mechanics. Finally, to illustrate the power and wide scope of the methodology, we apply the framework to a degenerate Hamiltonian, whose closed form time-dependent wave function is derived exactly, and also to other non-exactly-solvable Hamiltonians whose solutions are numerically computed.
description: 27 pages, 5 figures, double column, revtex4; v2: published version
Gravitational-wave Emission from a Primordial Black Hole Inspiraling inside a Compact Star: a Novel Probe for Dense Matter Equation of State
Creators: name: Zou, Ze-Cheng
name: Huang, Yong-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Primordial black holes of planetary masses captured by compact stars are widely studied to constrain their composition fraction of dark matter. Such a capture may lead to an inspiral process and be detected through gravitational wave signals. In this Letter, we study the post-capture inspiral process by considering two different kinds of compact stars, i.e., strange stars and neutron stars. The dynamical equations are numerically solved and the gravitational wave emission is calculated. It is found that the Advanced LIGO can detect the inspiraling of a $10^{-5}$ solar mass primordial black hole at a distance of 10 kpc, while a Jovian-mass case can even be detected at megaparsecs. Promisingly, the next generation gravitational wave detectors can detect the cases of $10^{-5}$ solar mass primordial black holes up to ${\sim}1$ Mpc, and can detect Jovian-mass cases at several hundred megaparsecs. Moreover, the kilohertz gravitational wave signal shows significant differences for strange stars and neutron stars, potentially making it a novel probe to the dense matter equation of state.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, accepted by ApJL
Deep Neural Network Benchmarks for Selective Classification
Creators: name: Pugnana, Andrea
name: Perini, Lorenzo
name: Davis, Jesse
name: Ruggieri, Salvatore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the increasing deployment of machine learning models in many socially sensitive tasks, there is a growing demand for reliable and trustworthy predictions. One way to accomplish these requirements is to allow a model to abstain from making a prediction when there is a high risk of making an error. This requires adding a selection mechanism to the model, which selects those examples for which the model will provide a prediction. The selective classification framework aims to design a mechanism that balances the fraction of rejected predictions (i.e., the proportion of examples for which the model does not make a prediction) versus the improvement in predictive performance on the selected predictions. Multiple selective classification frameworks exist, most of which rely on deep neural network architectures. However, the empirical evaluation of the existing approaches is still limited to partial comparisons among methods and settings, providing practitioners with little insight into their relative merits. We fill this gap by benchmarking 18 baselines on a diverse set of 44 datasets that includes both image and tabular data. Moreover, there is a mix of binary and multiclass tasks. We evaluate these approaches using several criteria, including selective error rate, empirical coverage, distribution of rejected instance's classes, and performance on out-of-distribution instances. The results indicate that there is not a single clear winner among the surveyed baselines, and the best method depends on the users' objectives.
description: Published in The Journal of Data centric Machine Learning Research (DMLR), Vol 1, (17):1-58 (2024)
Non-equilibrium quantum fluctuations of work
Creators: name: Allahverdyan, A. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The concept of work is basic for statistical thermodynamics. To gain a fuller understanding of work and its (quantum) features, it needs to be represented as an average of a fluctuating quantity. Here I focus on the work done between two moments of time for a thermally isolated quantum system driven by a time-dependent Hamiltonian. I formulate two natural conditions needed for the fluctuating work to be physically meaningful for a system that starts its evolution from a non-equilibrium state. The existing definitions do not satisfy these conditions due to issues that are traced back to non-commutativity. I propose a definition of fluctuating work that is free of previous drawbacks and that applies for a wide class of non-equilibrium initial states. It allows to deduce a generalized (out of equilibrium) work-fluctuation theorem.
description: 10 pages, revtex; published version
Principal bundles and connections modelled by Lie group bundles
Creators: name: López, Marco Castrillón
name: Abella, Álvaro Rodríguez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C05 (Primary) 53C15, 22E99 (Secondary)

description: In this work, generalized principal bundles modelled by Lie group bundle actions are investigated. In particular, the definition of equivariant connections in these bundles, associated to Lie group bundle connections, is provided, together with the analysis of their existence and their main properties. The final part gives some examples. In particular, since this research was initially originated by some problems on geometric reduction of gauge field theories, we revisit the classical Utiyama Theorem from the perspective investigated in the article.
description: 28 pages, 0 figures
City3D: Large-Scale Building Reconstruction from Airborne LiDAR Point Clouds
Creators: name: Huang, Jin
name: Stoter, Jantien
name: Peters, Ravi
name: Nan, Liangliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a fully automatic approach for reconstructing compact 3D building models from large-scale airborne point clouds. A major challenge of urban reconstruction from airborne LiDAR point clouds lies in that the vertical walls are typically missing. Based on the observation that urban buildings typically consist of planar roofs connected with vertical walls to the ground, we propose an approach to infer the vertical walls directly from the data. With the planar segments of both roofs and walls, we hypothesize the faces of the building surface, and the final model is obtained by using an extended hypothesis-and-selection-based polygonal surface reconstruction framework. Specifically, we introduce a new energy term to encourage roof preferences and two additional hard constraints into the optimization step to ensure correct topology and enhance detail recovery. Experiments on various large-scale airborne LiDAR point clouds have demonstrated that the method is superior to the state-of-the-art methods in terms of reconstruction accuracy and robustness. In addition, we have generated a new dataset with our method consisting of the point clouds and 3D models of 20k real-world buildings. We believe this dataset can stimulate research in urban reconstruction from airborne LiDAR point clouds and the use of 3D city models in urban applications.
Diagnosing $SO(5)$ Symmetry and First-Order Transition in the $J-Q_3$ Model via Entanglement Entropy
Creators: name: Deng, Zehui
name: Liu, Lu
name: Guo, Wenan
name: Lin, Hai-qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the scaling behavior of the Rényi entanglement entropy with smooth boundaries at the phase transition point of the two-dimensional $J-Q_3$ model. Using the recently developed scaling formula [Deng {\it et al.}, Phys. Rev. B {\textbf{108}, 125144 (2023)}], we find a subleading logarithmic term with a coefficient showing that the number of Goldstone modes is four, indicating the existence of the spontaneous symmetry breaking from an emergent $SO(5)$ to $O(4)$ in the thermodynamic limit, but restored in a finite size. This result shows that the believed deconfined quantum critical point of the $J-Q_{3}$ model is a weak first-order transition point. Our work provides a new way to distinguish a state with spontaneously broken continuous symmetry from a critical state. The method is particularly useful in identifying weak first-order phase transitions, which are hard to determine using conventional methods.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures
Unsupervised meta-analysis on diverse gene expression datasets allows insight into gene function and regulation
Creators: name: Engelmann, Julia C.
name: Schwarz, Roland
name: Blenk, Steffen
name: Friedrich, Torben
name: Seibel, Philipp N.
name: Dandekar, Thomas
name: Müller, Tobias
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Arabidopsis thaliana; database; function prediction; gene expression; microarray; unsupervised meta-analysis
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Over the past years, microarray databases have increased rapidly in size. While they offer a wealth of data, it remains challenging to integrate data arising from different studies. Here we propose an unsupervised approach of a large-scale meta-analysis on Arabidopsis thaliana whole genome expression datasets to gain additional insights into the function and regulation of genes. Applying kernel principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering, we found three major groups of experimental contrasts sharing a common biological trait. Genes associated to two of these clusters are known to play an important role in indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) mediated plant growth and development or pathogen defense. Novel functions could be assigned to genes including a cluster of serine/threonine kinases that carry two uncharacterized domains (DUF26) in their receptor part implicated in host defense. With the approach shown here, hidden interrelations between genes regulated under different conditions can be unraveled.
Finite generation in $C^\ast$-algebras and Hilbert $C^\ast$-modules
Creators: name: Blecher, David P.
name: Kania, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We characterize $C^*$-algebras and $C^*$-modules such that every maximal right ideal (resp. right submodule) is algebraically finitely generated. In particular, $C^*$-algebras satisfy the Dales--Żelazko conjecture.
description: to appear in Studia Mathematica
The Denver Pop Festival
Creators: name: Kite, Justin
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2018

description: In 1969, on the nights of June 27, 28 and 29, Mile High Stadium in Denver, Colorado hosted the Denver Pop Festival. It was three nights of incredible music brought to the Rocky Mountain Region by an upstart concert promoter named Barry Fey. Pop/rock festivals were a new invention, and Fey attempted for his event to follow a mold that had been created two years earlier at the Monterey International Pop Music Festival in northern California. Musical acts like The Jimi Hendrix Experience and Creedence Clearwater Revival electrified the Denver crowds, but what stole the show each of the three nights was gatecrashing and protests that resulted in violence, arrests and police brutality. Each night’s violence dominated the media coverage of the festival, but the media, the police, and even Fey all failed to understand why the violence occured. In this paper I trace the origins of the pop festival and link it to a cultural movement that sprung from the Haight-Ashbury neighborhood of San Francisco, California. I then explain, primarily through Fey, unique connections that Denver had with the cultural movement that came out of San Francisco. To do this I read through the archives of Denver newspapers, The Denver Post and Rocky Mountain News, examined the archives of Rolling Stone magazine, and explored an assortment of related biographies, autobiographies and music festival-related publications. My research uncovered the reason why violence broke out each night and disproved the theories from the media, the authorities, and the man who created the event. The results of this paper tell readers what happens when an organic non-commercial vibe is packaged and sold for profit.
Systematics of perturbatively flat flux vacua for CICYs
Creators: name: Carta, Federico
name: Mininno, Alessandro
name: Shukla, Pramod
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we extend the analysis of scanning the perturbatively flat flux vacua (PFFV) for the type IIB orientifold compactifications on the mirror of the projective complete intersection Calabi-Yau (pCICY) 3-folds, which are realized as hypersurfaces in the product of complex projective spaces. We present the PFFV statistics for all the 36 pCICYs with $h^{1,1}=2$ and classify them into two categories of being K3-fibered model and non K3-fibered model. We find that all the K3-fibered models have a significantly large number of PFFV leading to physical vacua by fixing the axio-dilaton by non-perturbative effects, while only a couple of non K3-fibered models have such physical vacua. We have found that there are five pCICY $3$-folds with the suitable exchange symmetry leading to the so-called exponentially flat flux vacua (EFFV) which are protected against non-perturbative prepotential effects as well. Finally we explored the underlying exchange symmetries in the favorable dataset of 7820 pCICYs and have found that there are only 15 spaces which can result in EFFV configurations.
description: v2: 21 pages + 1 appendix, JHEP version
Planes of satellites, no longer in tension with LCDM
Creators: name: Sales, Laura V.
name: Navarro, Julio F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The arrangement of dwarf galaxies in a thin plane surrounding the Milky Way has been thought to contradict the prevailing cosmological model of cold dark matter in the Universe. New work suggests that this arrangement may just be a temporary alignment, bringing our galaxy back into agreement with theoretical expectations once the radial distribution of satellites is taken into account.
description: Invited 'News and Views' contribution for Nature Astronomy on paper by Sawala et al. 2022 "The Milky Way's plane of satellites is consistent with {\Lambda}CDM"
Highly stable electronic properties of rippled antimonene under compressive deformation
Creators: name: Tian, Yujia
name: Kripalani, Devesh R.
name: Xue, Ming
name: Li, Shaofan
name: Zhou, Kun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Antimonene has attracted much attention for its high carrier mobility and suitable band gap for electronic, optoelectronic, and even spintronic devices. To tailor its properties for such applications, strain engineering may be adopted. However, such 2D crystals may prefer to exist in the rippled form due to the instability of long-range orders, and rippling has been shown to have a contrasting, significant impact on the electronic properties of various 2D materials, which complicates the tuning process. Hence, the effects of rippling on the electronic properties of antimonene under strain are herein investigated by comparing antimonene in its rippled and flat forms. DFT calculations are performed to compute the structural and electronic parameters, where uniaxial compression of up to 7.5% is applied along the armchair and zigzag directions to study the anisotropic behavior of the material. Highly stable properties such as the work function and band gap are obtained for the rippled structures, where they are fully relaxed, regardless of the compression level, and these properties do not deviate much from those of the pristine structure under no strain. In contrast, various changes are observed in their flat counterparts. The mechanisms behind the different results are thoroughly explained by analyses of the density of states and structure geometry. The out-of-plane dipole moments of the rippled structures are also presented to give further insights into potential applications of rippled antimonene in sensors, actuators, triboelectric nanogenerators, etc. This work presents extensive data and thorough analysis on the effect of rippling on antimonene. The identification of optimal ripple amplitudes for which the electronic properties of the pristine condition can be recovered will be highly significant in guiding the rational design and architecture of antimonene-based devices.
description: 11 figures