cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Human rights based business: redefining the role of enterprises on the business and human rights debate
Creators: name: Martins, Eliana
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2015
Subjects: business corporations
human rights

description: Second semester University: University of Nottingham.
description: The Guiding Principles of Business and Human Rights reformulate the duty of corporations to respect human rights in order to encompass preventing human rights abuses from direct partners. In fact, the Guiding Principles set out a new paradigm in the field of Business and Human Rights which interprets enterprises as not only possible of committing human rights abuses but also of defending and promoting human rights. Interestingly, while international initiatives consider primarily Multinational Enterprises (MNEs), at the centre of the Business and Human Rights debate, there are other business configurations which deserve attention for their potential of factual human rights’ impact including Social Enterprises (SEs) and Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). The emergence of this paradigm shift with regards to the perception of the role of enterprises in human rights alludes to the possible emergence or existence of enterprises which may constitute Human Rights Based Business (HRBB). But, what leads us to that assumption? And can we actually believe in their existence?
Measurement-device-independent quantification of entanglement for given Hilbert space dimension
Creators: name: Goh, Koon Tong
name: Bancal, Jean-Daniel
name: Scarani, Valerio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the question of how much entanglement can be certified from the observed correlations and the knowledge of the Hilbert space dimension of the measured systems. We focus on the case in which both systems are known to be qubits. For several correlations (though not for all), one can certify the same amount of entanglement as with state tomography, but with fewer assumptions, since nothing is assumed about the measurements. We also present security proofs of quantum key distribution without any assumption on the measurements. We discuss how both the amount of entanglement and the security of quantum key distribution (QKD) are affected by the inefficiency of detectors in this scenario.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures
Mindfulness and Time Perception
Creators: name: Avishai-Yitshak, Aya
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Mindfulness and attention are positively correlated, as are attention and time perception. The
current study examined the relationship between mindfulness and time perception in order to test
the hypothesis that increased mindfulness is related to a longer and more accurate perception of
time. The method used was a correlational design that included self-reported measures of
mindfulness, time perception, and time affluence, as well as behavioral tasks used to measure
time perception. A relationship was found between trait mindfulness and self-reported time
affluence that indicated that people higher in mindfulness felt “wealthier” in time. Additionally,
a positive trend was found between a time perception behavioral task and state mindfulness,
suggesting that as state mindfulness increased, time perception also increased. Findings
supported the hypothesis that greater mindfulness is linked with more time affluence, and
partially supported the link between mindfulness and a longer perception of time, as well.
However, the hypothesis that increased mindfulness is associated with a more accurate
perception of time was not supported. Since time affluence has been linked to greater well-being
(Kasser & Sheldon, 2009) the current study has implications for a potentially important
mechanism of mindfulness towards well-being, i.e., time perception.
MPEC 2023-F161 : 2020 OA3
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
A Father's Response to Life-Limiting Fetal Diagnosis
Creators: name: Zvara, Gracie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The purpose of this project was to review the literature concerning paternal grief responses to life­‐limiting fetal diagnosis and subsequent perinatal loss. Content from two interviews with a bereaved father were used to illustrate major points from the literature. Specifically, this father experienced the diagnosis of fetal anencephaly at 17 weeks gestation; he and his partner chose to terminate the pregnancy. Both the literature and interviews suggest that the male partner can experience profound loss and grief. In particular, grief can be complicated because the man is grieving a child that he only knew through his partner’s pregnancy, and the child isn’t known to the world. Additional research is needed, but the grief of male partners should be recognized and support offered when a couple's expected child has a life-­limiting diagnosis.
Photometric study and period analysis of the contact binary XZ Leonis
Creators: name: Luo, Changqing
name: Zhang, Xiaobin.
name: Deng, Licai
name: Wang, Kun
name: Luo, Yangping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present multi-color CCD photometry of the neglected contact binary XZ Leo. Completely covered VRI band light curves and four times of minimum light were obtained. Combining the photometric and previously published radial velocity data, a revised photometric analysis was carried out for the binary system by applying the Wilson-Devinney code. With a hot spot placed on the massive primary component near the neck region of the common envelope, the light curves were satisfactorily modeled. The photometric solution combined with the radial velocity solution reveals that XZ Leo is an A-type contact binary with a degree of contact of 24($\pm1)\%$. The absolute parameters of the components were determined as M_1 = 1.74($\pm$0.06)M_\odot, M_2 = 0.61($\pm$0.02)M_\odot, R_1 = 1.69($\pm$0.01)R_\odot, R_2 = 1.07($\pm0.01$)R_\odot, L_1 = 6.73($\pm0.08$) L_\odot, L_2 = 2.40($\pm$0.04)L_\odot. Based on all the available data, the long-term orbital period behavior of the system was investigated. It indicates that the binary system was undergoing continuous orbital period increase in the past three decades with a rate of dP/dt = + 6.12 \times {10^{-8}} days yr^{-1}, which suggests a probable mass transfer from the secondary to the primary component at a rate of dM/dt= 3.92\times 10^{-8} M_\odot yr^{-1}. The binary system is expected to evolve into the broken-contact stage in $1.56 \times 10^6$ years. This could be evidence supporting the Thermal Relaxation Oscillation theory.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, accepted in AJ
International instruments on juvenile delinquency, reactions to juvenile offences, and harmonisation with national legislations: the case studies of Serbia and Slovenia
Creators: name: Todorović, Milana
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: juvenile delinquency
juvenile justice
Serbia
Slovenia
international law
national law
Convention on the Rights of the Child
restorative justice

description: Second semester University: University of Ljubljana
description: All children, regardless of any personal characteristics, have certain rights guaranteed by numerous international instruments. The principles of the best interest of the child and of nondiscrimination are brought to the forefront in order to protect the child. Building upon this, juvenile delinquents, are a specific category of juveniles that require specific protection and treatment. This thesis will consider documents from important international organisations such as The United Nations, The Council of Europe, and the European Union, and the national legislations of Serbia and Slovenia. It will be analysed to which degree the latter is in accordance with the former. Furthermore, this thesis will find that juvenile justice systems in modern society have different characteristics, but that ultimately most have the same aim - reintegration and rehabilitation of juveniles. Moreover, the main features and effectiveness of juvenile prisons and juvenile correctional institutions in both countries can indicate the level to which agreed international standards are implemented and respected in practice. Key words: juvenile delinquency, juvenile justice system, international legislation, international standards, national legislation
Detection of Molecular Gas in Void Galaxies : Implications for Star Formation in Isolated Environments
Creators: name: Das, M.
name: Saito, T.
name: Iono, D.
name: Honey, M.
name: Ramya, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the detection of molecular gas from galaxies located in nearby voids using the CO line emission as a tracer. The observations were done using the 45m Nobeyama Radio Telescope. Void galaxies lie in the most under dense parts of our universe and a significant fraction of them are gas rich, late type spiral galaxies. Although isolated, they have ongoing star formation but appear to be slowly evolving compared to galaxies in denser environments. Not much is known about their star formation properties or cold gas content. In this study we searched for molecular gas in five void galaxies. The galaxies were selected based on their relatively high IRAS fluxes or Ha line luminosities, both of which signify ongoing star formation. All five galaxies appear to be isolated and two lie within the Bootes void. We detected CO line emission from four of the five galaxies in our sample and the molecular gas masses lie between 10^8 to 10^9 Msolar. We did follow-up Ha imaging observations of three detected galaxies using the Himalayan Chandra Telescope and determined their star formation rates (SFRs). The SFR varies from 0.2 to 1 Msolar/yr, which is similar to that observed in local galaxies. Our study indicates that although void galaxies reside in under dense regions, their disks contain molecular gas and have star formation rates similar to galaxies in denser environments.
description: 32 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables. To appear in ApJ
Oscillations: Exploring a Performance Ecosystem Through a Sonic Cyberfeminisms Lens
Creators: name: Preece, Patricia
Publisher: name: CQUniversity
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 360305
subject: Music technology and recording

description: The audiovisual installation Oscillations turns irons and ironing boards into electronic instruments, in an attempt to deconstruct stereotypical ideas of gender and its assigned roles. The creative practice project aims to investigate the relationships we have with domestic objects and ponder their structures and significance through the design and performance of an interactive ecosystem. Oscillations, both the installation and exegesis, use a sonic cyberfeminisms lens to critically explore aesthetic and relational hierarchies at the intersection of sound, gender, and technology. Three irons and ironing boards have been hacked and retrofitted with embedded electronic instruments that together create a complex feedback network. While the audience is invited to physically interact with the iron instruments and manipulate samples, the sonic state of the installation also changes based on the audio information detected in the environment . Sonic cyberfeminisms is used to reframe discursive music technology practices and within the creation of a work that playfully deconstructs and questions dominant narratives. Through the creation of the audiovisual installation Oscillations, I have identified the need for ongoing creative practice research that transforms theoretical perspectives into creative outputs. Creative works have the potential to bridge the gap between academy and industry, and to contribute to social change.
MPEC 2023-F162 : 2020 SH2
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Autophagic factor Beclin1 inhibits direct cardiac reprogramming
Creators: name: Alimohamadi, Sahar
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Fibroblasts can be directly reprogrammed into induced cardiomyocytes (iCM) by
expression of cardiac transcription factors Mef2c, Gata4, and Tbx5 (collectively called MGT).
Since fibroblasts are readily available, this approach holds great potential for cardiac
regeneration. However, the molecular basis underlying this conversion is still largely unknown.
The starting fibroblasts must overcome epigenetic barriers, re-orchestrate chromatin
organizations, and remodel cellular structures to obtain CM-like features.
Armenian community in the context of Georgian democratisation
Creators: name: Isakhanyan, Levon
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Armenians
Georgia
democratisation
minority groups

description: Second semester University: Université de Strasbourg
description: Notwithstanding the progress that Georgia has made in the field of democratisation, issues pertinent to persons belonging to national minorities remain among the most topical issues in this country’s political agenda. Due to the separation of Abkhazia and South Ossetia, the nationalism of significant segments of the ethnically Georgian population, the lack of civil cohesion in the society, and the consideration of minorities through the prism of state security, persons belonging to national minorities have been unable to secure their legitimate stake in the process of Georgian nation-building and democratic consolidation. Moreover, minorities are being discriminated against by the State institutions, and the authorities of the independent Georgia have proved unwilling to accommodate legitimate concerns of persons belonging to national minorities. The vast majority of persons belonging to the Armenian community in Georgia can be characterised as persons belonging to a national, linguistic and religious minority. Instances of discrimination against Georgian citizens of Armenian origin are multifaceted and include both direct and indirect discrimination. International human and minority rights monitoring bodies perpetually mention shortcomings in the Georgian authorities’ approach towards national minorities in Georgia, and the fact of repetitive mentioning of the same problems by various monitors makes it evident that the authorities lack the political will to adopt and implement appropriate policies vis-à-vis Georgian citizens belonging to national minorities. KEYWORDS Armenian community in Georgia, Armenian Church in Georgia, national minority, democratisation, human rights, direct discrimination, indirect discrimination, Samtskhe-Javakhet
Efficient State Estimation with Constrained Rao-Blackwellized Particle Filter
Creators: name: Li, Shuai
name: Lyu, Siwei
name: Trinkle, Jeff
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Due to the limitations of the robotic sensors, during a robotic manipulation task, the acquisition of the object's state can be unreliable and noisy. Combining an accurate model of multi-body dynamic system with Bayesian filtering methods has been shown to be able to filter out noise from the object's observed states. However, efficiency of these filtering methods suffers from samples that violate the physical constraints, e.g., no penetration constraint. In this paper, we propose a Rao-Blackwellized Particle Filter (RBPF) that samples the contact states and updates the object's poses using Kalman filters. This RBPF also enforces the physical constraints on the samples by solving a quadratic programming problem. By comparing our method with methods that does not consider physical constraints, we show that our proposed RBPF is not only able to estimate the object's states, e.g., poses, more accurately but also able to infer unobserved states, e.g., velocities, with higher precision.
Masses of the components of SB2 binaries observed with Gaia. II. Masses derived from PIONIER interferometric observations for Gaia validation
Creators: name: Halbwachs, J. -L.
name: Boffin, H. M. J.
name: Bouquin, J. -B. Le
name: Kiefer, F.
name: Famaey, B.
name: Salomon, J. -B.
name: Arenou, F.
name: Pourbaix, D.
name: Anthonioz, F.
name: Grellmann, R.
name: Guieu, S.
name: Sana, H.
name: Guillout, P.
name: Jorissen, A.
name: Lebreton, Y.
name: Mazeh, T.
name: Tal-Or, L.
name: Gomez-Moran, A. Nebot
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In anticipation of the Gaia astrometric mission, a sample of spectroscopic binaries is being observed since 2010 with the Sophie spectrograph at the Haute--Provence Observatory. Our aim is to derive the orbital elements of double-lined spectroscopic binaries (SB2s) with an accuracy sufficient to finally obtain the masses of the components with relative errors as small as 1 % when combined with Gaia astrometric measurements. In order to validate the masses derived from Gaia, interferometric observations are obtained for three SB2s in our sample with F-K components: HIP 14157, HIP 20601 and HIP 117186. The masses of the six stellar components are derived. Due to its edge-on orientation, HIP 14157 is probably an eclipsing binary. We note that almost all the derived masses are a few percent larger than the expectations from the standard spectral-type-mass calibration and mass-luminosity relation. Our calculation also leads to accurate parallaxes for the three binaries, and the Hipparcos parallaxes are confirmed.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Helicascus alatus M. Zeng, S. K. Huang, Q. Zhao & K. D. Hyde 2018, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Zeng, Ming
name: Huang, Shi-Ke
name: Hyde, Kevin D.
name: Zhao, Qi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Dothideomycetes
Pleosporales
Morosphaeriaceae
Helicascus
Helicascus alatus

description: Helicascus alatus M. Zeng, S.K. Huang, Q. Zhao & K.D. Hyde, sp. nov. FIGURE 2
Index Fungorum number: IF 553966; Facesoffungi number: FoF 03858.
 Etymology: The name alatus refers to the ascospore have a sheath like wings.
 Holotype: HKAS 99554.
 Saprobic on submerged wood. Sexual morph: Ascomata 345–376 × 640–686 μm, immersed, solitary, scattered, unilocular, subglobose to globose, black. Neck 265–400 μm, central, cylindrical, periphyses distinct. Peridium 31–75 μm thick, comprising outer layers with several brown, thick-walled cells of textura angularis and inner layers with hyaline, thin-walled cells of textura angularis. Hamathecium 1–2 μm wide, comprising septate pseudoparaphyses. Asci 99–114 × 17–37 μm (x = 107 × 20 μm, n = 20), 8-spored, bitunicate, fissitunicate, clavate, with a short pedicel, non-amyloid. Ascospores 22.5–27 × 8–11 μm (x = 24.7 × 9.6 μm, n = 50), 2-seriate at the apex, overlapping 1- seriate at the base, ellipsoid to fusiform, irregular, 1–2-septate, guttulate, hyaline when young and brown when mature, slightly constricted at the septum, smooth and thick-walled with a wing-like sheath. Asexual morph: Undetermined.
 Material examined:— CHINA, Yunnan Province, Baoshan; on unidentified submerged wood, 1 October 2016; S. K. Huang, (KUN HKAS 99554, holotype), Ex-type KUMCC 17-0145; ibid. (MFLU 17-1189, isotype); living culture, MFLUCC 17-2300; ibid. (KUN HKAS 99553, MFLU 17-1191), living culture, KUMCC 17-0147.
  1  Zhang et al. (2014); 2 Preedanon et al. (2017); 3 Luo et al. (2016); 4 Zhang et al. (2015); 5 Zhang et al. (2013); 6 Tanaka et al. (2015); 7 Hyde (1991)
description: Published as part of Zeng, Ming, Huang, Shi-Ke, Hyde, Kevin D. & Zhao, Qi, 2018, Helicascus alatus (Morosphaeriaceae), a new freshwater species from southwestern China, pp. 210-218 in Phytotaxa 351 (3) on page 215, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.351.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/13707282
Theoretical study on bubble dynamics under hybrid-boundary and multi-bubble conditions using the unified equation
Creators: name: A-Man, Zhang
name: Shi-Min, Li
name: Pu, Cui
name: Shuai, Li
name: Yun-Long, Liu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper aims to use the unified bubble dynamics equation to investigate bubble behavior in complex scenarios involving hybrid free surface/wall boundaries and interactions between multiple bubbles. The effect of singularity movement on the unified equation's form is analyzed after deriving the bubble pulsation equation using a moving point source and a dipole, followed by discussions on the effect of migration compressibility-related terms on the bubble dynamics. In addition, the present study accounts for the impact of hybrid boundaries, including crossed and parallel boundaries, by introducing a finite number of mirror bubbles for the former and an infinite number of mirror bubbles for the latter. Spark bubble experiments and numerical simulation are conducted to validate the present theory. The application of the unified equation in multi-bubble interactions is exemplified by computing a spherical bubble array containing more than 100 uniformly distributed cavitation bubbles under different boundary conditions. The bubble cluster-induced pressure peak can reach nearly two times or even higher than that of an individual bubble, highlighting the damage potential caused by cavitation bubble clusters.
The right to protection against noise nuisance as a threat to the right of the child to play : an analysis of the case of Belgium
Creators: name: Vanden Eede, Amandine
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2012
Subjects: children rights
Belgium
right to protection against noise

description: Second semester University:University of Padua
description: Complaints about noise made by playing children are increasing worldwide. This thesis analyses this topic from a human rights point of view. Both the right of the child to play and the right to protection against noise nuisance are discussed. The focus is put on the case of Belgium, and more particularly Flanders, and the reactions of the Flemish Community to this issue. The analysis is mostly done on the basis of concluding observations of the Committee on the Rights of the Child, judgements of the European Court of Human Rights, national jurisprudence and policy documents. On the basis of this review, it is examined whether a new law is necessary or desirable to regulate this topic. The responses by the Flemish Community focused on the sensitisation of adults and communities towards the rights of the child. These actions seem to be in conformity with the obligations of the State both under the Convention on the Rights of the Child and the European Convention on Human Rights. New legislation does not seem desirable in view of avoiding over-regulation and the juridification of social relations. It is suggested however to develop measures in order to encourage the use of alternative dispute settlement instead of juridical proceedings to deal with cases of children and youth that cause noise nuisance.
Lethal autonomous robots as human rights challenge
Creators: name: Antošová, Adéla
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016
Subjects: human rights
international humanitarian law
international law
military ethics
military robots
technological innovations
war

description: Second semester University: Ruhr University Bochum.
description: The dissertation analyses Lethal Autonomous Robots (LARs) and their future implications for society. Recently, there are many on-going debates about LARs without unequivocal answer. LARs raise fears of up-coming progress while it creates new opportunities to military forces. Thus, the dissertation attempts to examine the technological capacity and feasibility to create such technology at first. Secondly, it questions the military benefits in monetary terms and the value of human life to substitute human soldiers. Thirdly, it uses theoretical knowledge of International Law, International Humanitarian Law (IHL) and International Human Rights Law (IHRL) and applies it to LARs. It attempts to find out whether current legal norms are sufficient for use of LARs in the battlefield and questions the prohibition and possible responsibility bearer. It concludes with the core question: “How to use LARs and not destroy humanity?” KEYWORDS: humanity, killing decision, Lethal Autonomous Robots, rational decision, responsibility
Goldblatt, Howard, Big Breasts and Wide Hips
Creators: Lupke, Christopher
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2005

This is a review of the translation of Mo Yan's epic novel Fengru Feitun by Howard Goldblatt as Big Breasts and Wide Breasts. Lupke examines both the structure and theme of the novel as well as the quality of Goldblatt's translation. He also compares Mo Yan's writing to that of James Joyce, William Faulkner, and Charles Dickens.
Accepting the End: On Cancer Narratives and Our Cultural Inability to Come to Terms with Death
Creators: name: Osteen, Anne Bennett
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: In Being Mortal, Atul Gawande argues that medicine falls short of meeting the needs of the dying. He writes from the vantage point of a Harvard-educated surgeon and professor, and admits, “I am in a profession that has succeeded because of its ability to fix. If your problem is fixable, we know just what to do. But if it’s not? The fact that we have no adequate answers to this question is troubling and has caused callousness, inhumanity, and extraordinary suffering”. Despite the inexorability of death, we fumble around the topic. We cannot evade death; it is the endpoint of human existence. Our difficulty talking about death precludes us from having crucial conversations about what we will need emotionally, relationally, and medically when that time comes. These conversations, as difficult as they might be, ultimately would provide a deeper understanding of patient priorities—and thus bring us one step closer to honoring them.
Quark Model Calculations of the N to Delta Reaction
Creators: name: Giannini, M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electromagnetic excitation of the nucleon resonances is studied in the framework of Constituent Quark Models. Particular attention is devoted to the transition to the $Δ$ resonance and to the issue of a possible deformation of hadronic systems, mainly in connection with the problem of the quadrupole excitation. The analysis of the emerging discrepancies between data and theoretical predictions is discussed and shown to lead to important conclusions concerning the internal dynamical structure of hadrons.
Is owning a passport a right or a privilege? An analysis of the different meanings behind the notion of a passport in light of the right to freedom of movement
Creators: name: Bashour, Tarek
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019
Subjects: citizenship
nationality
freedom of movement
Germany
Syria
international obligations
national state
human rights
international law

description: Second semester University: University of Tartu
description: The implications of WW I can still be seen in the current time. One of these is the passport system which was implemented as a temporary measure after the outbreak of the war. This outdated system is still applicable today with no mentionable changes. Passports play a major role in international mobility, surveillance and state monopolisation. But there is no international definition of the passport and its functions. In this research, the author analysed the passport in its historical context, tracing the important stages this document has undergone. An understanding of the notion of the passport in its historical context was essential for determining its current situation. In this thesis, the notion of the passport is analysed in light of the right to freedom of movement, to provide a legal understanding of passports and their position in international law. This work provides a comparative study of the legal framework regarding passports in Germany and Syria, taking into account their obligations according to the regional and international conventions these states have ratified. It is argued in this thesis that passports are still a privilege in many countries in the world in which people do not have access to them. States should not arbitrarily deprive their subjects of owning a passport. Passports are an official document for international travel issued by the respective authority, indicating the nationality of the bearer, serving as an identification document, and entitling the bearer to leave, to return and to claim the diplomatic protection of the issuing state. The abolition of the passport system is impossible. However, the conditions for admitting or excluding travellers into and from foreign territories should be more individual than collective and not depend only on the document which travellers possess. INDEX WORDS: passport, travel document, freedom of movement, right to leave, right to enter, Germany, Syria, safe conduct, international mobility, ICCPR, UDHR, identification, diplomatic protection, discrimination, human rights, citizenship, nationality.
Semiclassical excited-state signatures of quantum phase transitions in spin chains with variable-range interactions
Creators: name: Gessner, Manuel
name: Bastidas, Victor Manuel
name: Brandes, Tobias
name: Buchleitner, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the excitation spectrum of a family of transverse-field spin chain models with variable interaction range and arbitrary spin $S$, which in the case of $S=1/2$ interpolates between the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick and the Ising model. For any finite number $N$ of spins, a semiclassical energy manifold is derived in the large-$S$ limit employing bosonization methods, and its geometry is shown to determine not only the leading-order term but also the higher-order quantum fluctuations. Based on a multi-configurational mean-field ansatz, we obtain the semiclassical backbone of the quantum spectrum through the extremal points of a series of one-dimensional energy landscapes -- each one exhibiting a bifurcation when the external magnetic field drops below a threshold value. The obtained spectra become exact in the limit of vanishing or very strong external, transverse magnetic fields. Further analysis of the higher-order corrections in $1/\sqrt{2S}$ enables us to analytically study the dispersion relations of spin-wave excitations around the semiclassical energy levels. Within the same model, we are able to investigate quantum bifurcations, which occur in the semiclassical ($S\gg 1$) limit, and quantum phase transitions, which are observed in the thermodynamic ($N\rightarrow\infty$) limit.
description: 20 pages, 13 figures
Expanding Multisystemic Therapy to Under-Served Regions: A Pay for Success Project
Creators: name: Shahan, Elizabeth
name: Klopfenstein, Kristin
name: Colorado Evaluation And Action Lab
name: Clemens, Elysia
name: LeBoeuf, Whitney
name: Sheesley, Alison
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: A quasi-experimental study evaluating the impact of multi-systemic therapy on youth involved, or at-risk of involvement, with the juvenile justice system in under-served regions of Colorado
Baryon resonances in the strangeness production
Creators: name: Xie, Ju-Jun
name: Wang, En
name: Wu, Jia-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the $N^*(2120)$, $Δ^*(1940)$, and the possible $Σ^*(1380)$ resonances in the $γp \to K^+ Λ(1520)$, $pp \to n K^+ Σ(1385)$, and $Λp \to Λp π^0$ reactions within the resonance model and the effective Lagrangian approach. It is shown that when the contributions from these baryonic states were considered, the current experimental measurement could be well reproduced. In addition, we also demonstrate that the angular distributions provide direct information of these reactions, which could be useful for the investigation of those states and may be tested by future experiments.
description: Talk given at the 10th International Workshop on the Physics of Excited Nucleons (NSTAR2015), Osaka, May 25--28 2015
Universal post-quench coarsening and quantum aging at a quantum critical point
Creators: name: Gagel, Pia
name: Orth, Peter P.
name: Schmalian, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The non-equilibrium dynamics of a system that is located in the vicinity of a quantum critical point is affected by the critical slowing down of order-parameter correlations with the potential for novel out-of-equilibrium universality. After a quantum quench, i.e. a sudden change of a parameter in the Hamiltonian such a system is expected to almost instantly fall out of equilibrium and undergo aging dynamics, i.e. dynamics that depends on the time passed since the quench. Investigating the quantum dynamics of a $N$-component $φ^{4}$-model coupled to an external bath, we determine this universal aging and demonstrate that the system undergoes a coarsening, governed by a critical exponent that is unrelated to the equilibrium exponents of the system. We analyze this behavior in the large-$N$ limit, which is complementary to our earlier renormalization group analysis, allowing in particular the direct investigation of the order-parameter dynamics in the symmetry broken phase and at the upper critical dimension. By connecting the long time limit of fluctuations and response, we introduce a distribution function that shows that the system remains non-thermal and exhibits quantum coherence even on long timescales.
description: 25 pages, 6 figures
title: Countering Negotiation Power Asymmetries by Using the Adjusted Winner Algorithm
Creators: name: Zulauf, Katrin
name: Wagner, Ralf
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Negotiation support
subject: Decision support
subject: Laboratory experiments
subject: Post-settlement
subject: Team effectiveness
subject: 330
subject: Experiment
subject: Entscheidungsunterstützung
subject: Computerunterstützte Kommunikation
subject: Kommunikationsverhalten
subject: Effektivität

description: Gefördert im Rahmen des Projekts DEAL
DxPU: Large Scale Disaggregated GPU Pools in the Datacenter
Creators: name: He, Bowen
name: Zheng, Xiao
name: Chen, Yuan
name: Li, Weinan
name: Zhou, Yajin
name: Long, Xin
name: Zhang, Pengcheng
name: Lu, Xiaowei
name: Jiang, Linquan
name: Liu, Qiang
name: Cai, Dennis
name: Zhang, Xiantao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The rapid adoption of AI and convenience offered by cloud services have resulted in the growing demands for GPUs in the cloud. Generally, GPUs are physically attached to host servers as PCIe devices. However, the fixed assembly combination of host servers and GPUs is extremely inefficient in resource utilization, upgrade, and maintenance. Due to these issues, the GPU disaggregation technique has been proposed to decouple GPUs from host servers. It aggregates GPUs into a pool, and allocates GPU node(s) according to user demands. However, existing GPU disaggregation systems have flaws in software-hardware compatibility, disaggregation scope, and capacity. In this paper, we present a new implementation of datacenter-scale GPU disaggregation, named DxPU. DxPU efficiently solves the above problems and can flexibly allocate as many GPU node(s) as users demand. In order to understand the performance overhead incurred by DxPU, we build up a performance model for AI specific workloads. With the guidance of modeling results, we develop a prototype system, which has been deployed into the datacenter of a leading cloud provider for a test run. We also conduct detailed experiments to evaluate the performance overhead caused by our system. The results show that the overhead of DxPU is less than 10%, compared with native GPU servers, in most of user scenarios.
description: 23 pages, 6 figures, published in ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization
The role of NGOs in women’s empowerment: the case of Tunisia
Creators: name: Bennis, Hafsa
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2015
Subjects: NGOs
women
Tunisia

description: Internship report: CAWTAR, Centre for Arab Women for Training and Research.
description: CAWTAR is an international NGO based in Tunis that implements projects and programs in the Arab world, in cooperation with local NGOs. The main goal of CAWTAR is to eradicate discrimination against Arab women and to reduce inequalities through the promotion of research, education and training. During this internship, I became aware of the crucial role NGOs play in women’s empowerment, especially in countries where the States fail to guarantee gender equality and a decent life to all citizens. In fact, women’s empowerment became very popular in the last decade and NGOs proved being an efficient actor in this field, helping States to eradicate poverty and guarantee gender equality. In this report, an attempt has been made to define empowerment in the general context, and to present it in the Tunisian one through examples of programs that have been carried out by three NGOs: CAWTAR, LET and TAHADI.
Shaping the new pathways to justice : is CEDAW behind the curve?
Creators: name: Percival, Olivia
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016
Subjects: administration of justice
Convention on Elimination of Discrimination Against Women
judicial system
justice
pluralism

description: Second semester University: Utrecht University.
description: The increasing recognition that justice systems the world over are invariably “plural” poses challenges to both international development practitioners and human rights actors. A particular challenge is how to ensure that women, as a particularly vulnerable and marginalised group, can access justice in culturally diverse, legally plural settings, and how to ensure that the justice they access upholds their human rights. The publication by the CEDAW Committee of a general recommendation on access to justice in summer 2015, and its particular proposals in relation to plural justice systems, serve as my impetus for examining these issues afresh. This study seeks to draw conclusions about the different ways in which the CEDAW Committee and other human rights bodies conceptualise justice when they discuss plural justice systems in their authoritative statements, and whether this impacts on the way in which these bodies engage with plural justice systems. It takes legal empowerment, an innovative method for promoting women’s access to justice, as a particular focus point for gaining insight into the CEDAW Committee’s approach. The aim of the study is to understand whether, in the context of plural justice systems, the CEDAW Committee is somewhat behind the curve in terms of exploring and endorsing new pathways for pursing justice.
A Fish Eat Fish World: Trophic Structure of the Fish Communities on Artificial and Natural Reefs in Onslow Bay, NC
Creators: name: Snider, Rachel
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Artificial reefs are increasingly being used to compensate for habitat loss due to the degradation of important marine ecosystems from human activities. Artificial reefs are created by intentionally sinking human-made structures to provide hard substrate habitat for fish and other marine organisms. The North Carolina Division of Marine Fisheries (NCDMF) maintains 42 artificial reefs in NC to sustain healthy fish populations (Comer, 2016). However, the ability of artificial reefs to support fish communities similar in diversity and complexity as natural reefs is still debated within the scientific community. In this study, we compared the relative fish abundance, species richness, and quantitative trophic structure of two artificial and two natural reefs located in Onslow Bay, NC. Additionally, we analyzed how the fish community metrics changed throughout the day to better understand the differences in crepuscular activity on the two reef types. The term “crepuscular” refers to the twilight time period, which includes dawn and dusk for this study (Myers, 2016). Species richness, fish abundance, and trophic level were significantly higher on artificial reefs than natural reefs. During dawn and dusk on artificial reefs, there were increases in both fish abundance and average trophic level, suggesting that crepuscular activity is more pronounced on artificial reefs than natural reefs. This difference may be explained by the increased structural complexity or differences in benthic organisms present on artificial reefs. Lastly, we researched the species observed in this study to create a food web as a tool to visualize how the trophic structure varies between artificial and natural reefs. This is the first food web created for this habitat and we hope it can be used by fisherpeople, managers, and members of the public to enhance the understanding of this complex ecosystem and inspire future research.
Quasi-periodic oscillations from relativistic hydrodynamical slender tori
Creators: name: Mishra, B.
name: Vincent, F. H.
name: Manousakis, A.
name: Fragile, P. C.
name: Paumard, T.
name: Kluźniak, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We simulate an oscillating purely hydrodynamical torus with constant specific angular mo- mentum around a Schwarzschild black hole. The goal is to search for quasi-periodic oscil- lations (QPOs) in the light curve of the torus. The initial torus setup is subjected to radial, vertical and diagonal (combination of radial and vertical) velocity perturbations. The hydro- dynamical simulations are performed using the general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics code Cosmos++ and ray-traced using the GYOTO code. We found that a horizontal velocity perturbation triggers the radial and plus modes, while a vertical velocity perturbation trig- gers the vertical and X modes. The diagonal perturbation gives a combination of the modes triggered in the radial and vertical perturbations.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, submitted in MNRAS
The Refugee Community Partnership: An Empowerment Evaluation
Creators: name: Clawar, Meagan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: The Refugee Community Partnership is a non-profit organization located in Carrboro, NC. This
paper reviews the social context of refugee resettlement, establishes a connection between social
isolation and negative mental health outcomes and evaluates the program structure of RCP. Key
findings include an improvement in social network structure as a result of participation in
Refugee Community Partnership and a renewed direction for program improvement.
The vulnerability of the Syrian refugee women in Lebanon and the sex trafficking
Creators: name: Astudillo Poggi, Francisco
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: trafficking in women
Syria
Lebanon
refugees

description: Second semester University: Saint Joseph University, Beirut.
description: Many cases of sex trafficking of Syrian refugee women have been reported by the local and international NGOs after the migratory crisis of 2011. We consider that the Syrian refugee women are vulnerable group due to several personal and social conditions that push them into a disadvantaged position in the Lebanese society and, somehow, it explains the increasing of the cases of sex trafficking that are affecting them. The vulnerability, in their case, is represented, first, in a personal level, which includes the discrimination on a gender-basis, and second, in a socio-economic level referred to the inequalities suffered, primarily, for the lack of a legal status that allow them to earn the necessary means to survive and the position that they have in the society. These elements are accompanied with the inequality before the law and it can be understood as an intersectional discrimination based on gender and the condition of refugee that creates a disproportionate condition of disadvantage compared to the rest of the population in Lebanon.
Ennahda’s democratic Islam: between pragmatism and neo-political Islam
Creators: name: Hajar, Yasmine Jamal
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: political parties
Tunisia
Islam
Islam and politics
democratisation
democracy

description: Second semester University: Carthage University
description: Recently, the Tunisian Islamist party Ennahda has announced a break up with Political Islam and the start of new phase of Democratic Islam (al-Islām al-dimuqrāṭī). This study is questioning the emerged concept of Democratic Islam. Making use of primary and secondary materials, the author will indulge in the history of Ennahda with focus on the political shifts the party has undertaken since its initiation in the early seventies. The author will also analyze the political attitude of the party in the context of post-revolution. This study could be described as a comparative one as it will include a comparison of Ennahda’s ideological thoughts with the authentic thoughts of the Ikhwani ideologues, Hasan Al-Banna and Sayyed Qutb, to analyze the changes that have been conducted by the party under its new claimed ideology. The purpose of this study is to show whether the step undertaken by Ennahda through adopting the so-called Democratic Islam is a sign of neo-political Islam or it is just a pragmatic step taken by Ennahda to yield itself to realpolitik, aiming at consolidating itself in power and not to repeat the years of political exclusion under Bourguiba and Bin Ali. Keywords: Ennahda, Tunisia, Pragmatism, Political Islam, Islam, Democracy, Democratic Islam, Ikhwan, Realpolitik.