cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Of frogs and men: the origins of psychophysiological time experiments, 1850-1865
Creators: name: Schmidgen, Henning
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Helmholtz; chronoscope; telegraphy; Donders; Hirsch; time; physiology; psychology
subject: 020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft

description: Towards the end of the 1840s, Hermann von Helmholtz began to investigate experimentally the propagation of stimuli within nerves. Helmholtz's experiments on animals and human subjects opened a research field that in the following decades was intensively explored by neurophysiologists and experimental psychologists. Helmholtz's pioneering investigations justify the central place he occupies in accounts of the history of modern psychophysiology. Studying the concrete experimental settings and their local contexts shows how deeply the work of scholars such as Helmholtz is embedded in the history of culture and technology. In particular, the rapidly growing technologies of electromagnetism, which gave rise to telegraphy and electric clocks, facilitated the time measurements of 19th-century physiologists and psychologists.
Reactivity Assessment of Chalcones by a Kinetic Thiol Assay
Creators: name: Amslinger, Sabine
name: Al-Rifai, Nafisah
name: Winter, Katrin
name: Wörmann, Kilian
name: Scholz, Rebekka
name: Baumeister, Paul
name: Wild, Martin
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie

description: The electrophilic nature of chalcones (1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-ones) and many other α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds is crucial for their biological activity, which is often based on thiol-mediated regulation processes. To better predict their biological activity a simple screening assay for the assessment of the second-order rate constants (k2) in thia-Michael additions was developed. Hence, a clear structure–activity relationship of 16 differentially decorated hydroxy-alkoxychalcones upon addition of cysteamine could be established. Moreover, amongst other naturally occurring α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds k2 values for curcumin and cinnamaldehyde were gained while cinnamic acids or esters gave no or very slow reactions.
Closing the Racial Gap in Toxic Waste Exposure in Chicago: Evaluating the Effectiveness of Federal and State Environmental Justice Policy from 1990-2020
Creators: name: Kenig-Ziesler, Anna
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2022

description: This study addressed whether there was a relationship between toxic waste exposure and community racial demographics in Chicago between 1990 and 2020 and evaluated how Executive Order 12898 (1994) and the 2011 Illinois Environmental Justice Act impacted the strength of this relationship. The purpose of the study was to determine the effectiveness of past environmental justice policies and inform the development of new policies. I used data from the EPA’s Toxic Release Inventory and U.S. Census demographic data to analyze the mean toxic releases in Chicago zip codes with varying community demographics. I found that non-White majority zip codes have consistently faced disproportionate levels of toxic releases since 1990. There is no evidence of past environmental justice policies in the toxic release data, and the racial gap in toxic waste exposure in Chicago shows no signs of closing. Future environmental justice policies need to include enforcement mechanisms and increased specificity. Further, disproportionate investment in non-White majority communities is needed. Communities of color are suffering and environmental justice policy cannot continue to consist of empty words.
Microemulsions with renewable feedstock oils
Creators: name: Klossek, Michael
name: Touraud, Didier
name: Kunz, Werner
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: microemulsion renewable feedstock oil
subject: 540 Chemie

description: In this paper we discuss the influence of chem. structures of renewable feedstock oils (RFOs) on the domains of existence and the nano-structures of microemulsions. We compare the results to those of classical microemulsions contg. classical n-alkanes. First, the domains of microemulsions obtained from the melt of water, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as surfactant, 1-pentanol as co-surfactant and different RFOs (or RFO melts) in pseudo-ternary phase diagrams are presented. A surfactant-co-surfactant mass ratio of 1 : 2 is kept const. and the RFO (or RFO melt) is considered as a pseudo-constituent. Two different fatty Me ester (FAME) biodiesels from rapeseed and cuphea oils, rapeseed oil, "TBK" biodiesel from rapeseed oil, limonene, and different mixts. of limonene to FAME-rapeseed biodiesel and FAME-rapeseed biodiesel to FAME-cuphea biodiesel are used as RFOs or RFO melts. Second, cond. data are shown along an exptl. path having a const. RFO or RFO melt : (surfactant-co-surfactant) mass ratio, whereas the water content is varied. All obtained data are then compared to data from previous studies with a series of n-alkanes (from n-hexane to n-hexadecane). As the main conclusion it is found that RFOs or RFO melts can easily substitute n-alkanes. From the chem. structure of the oils, it appears that not only the polarity of the oil plays an important role but also does the abs. size of the oil mols. In all cases microemulsion systems exhibit percolative behavior.
Unobserved heterogeneity in hazard rate models: a test and an illustration from a study of career mobility
Creators: name: Blossfeld, Hans-Peter
name: Hamerle, Alfred
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: 330 Wirtschaft

description: This paper proposes a test for neglected heterogeneity in continuous-time hazard rate models that can be done easily using generally available program packages. It is a score test appropriate for cases in which the variance of the heterogeneity is small and it can be applied quite generally, provided that the generalized residuals can be calculated. The test is demonstrated using data on the career trajectories of German males from the German Life History Study.
The Augmented Lagrange Multiplier Method for Exact Recovery of Corrupted Low-Rank Matrices
Creators: name: Lin, Zhouchen
name: Chen, Minming
name: Ma, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper proposes scalable and fast algorithms for solving the Robust PCA problem, namely recovering a low-rank matrix with an unknown fraction of its entries being arbitrarily corrupted. This problem arises in many applications, such as image processing, web data ranking, and bioinformatic data analysis. It was recently shown that under surprisingly broad conditions, the Robust PCA problem can be exactly solved via convex optimization that minimizes a combination of the nuclear norm and the $\ell^1$-norm . In this paper, we apply the method of augmented Lagrange multipliers (ALM) to solve this convex program. As the objective function is non-smooth, we show how to extend the classical analysis of ALM to such new objective functions and prove the optimality of the proposed algorithms and characterize their convergence rate. Empirically, the proposed new algorithms can be more than five times faster than the previous state-of-the-art algorithms for Robust PCA, such as the accelerated proximal gradient (APG) algorithm. Moreover, the new algorithms achieve higher precision, yet being less storage/memory demanding. We also show that the ALM technique can be used to solve the (related but somewhat simpler) matrix completion problem and obtain rather promising results too. We further prove the necessary and sufficient condition for the inexact ALM to converge globally. Matlab code of all algorithms discussed are available at http://perception.csl.illinois.edu/matrix-rank/home.html
description: Please cite "Zhouchen Lin, Risheng Liu, and Zhixun Su, Linearized Alternating Direction Method with Adaptive Penalty for Low Rank Representation, NIPS 2011." (available at arXiv:1109.0367) instead for a more general method called Linearized Alternating Direction Method This manuscript first appeared as University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign technical report #UILU-ENG-09-2215 in October 2009 Zhouchen Lin, Risheng Liu, and Zhixun Su, Linearized Alternating Direction Method with Adaptive Penalty for Low Rank Representation, NIPS 2011. (available at http://arxiv.org/abs/1109.0367)
Polymeric forms of carbon in dense lithium carbide
Creators: name: Chen, Xing-Qiu
name: Fu, C. L.
name: Franchini, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The immense interest in carbon nanomaterials continues to stimulate intense research activities aimed to realize carbon nanowires, since linear chains of carbon atoms are expected to display novel and technologically relevant optical, electrical and mechanical properties. Although various allotropes of carbon (e.g., diamond, nanotubes, graphene, etc.) are among the best known materials, it remains challenging to stabilize carbon in the one-dimensional form because of the difficulty to suitably saturate the dangling bonds of carbon. Here, we show through first-principles calculations that ordered polymeric carbon chains can be stabilized in solid Li$_2$C$_2$ under moderate pressure. This pressure-induced phase (above 5 GPa) consists of parallel arrays of twofold zigzag carbon chains embedded in lithium cages, which display a metallic character due to the formation of partially occupied carbon lone-pair states in \emph{sp}$^2$-like hybrids. It is found that this phase remains the most favorable one in a wide range of pressure. At extreme pressure (larger the 215 GPa) a structural and electronic phase transition towards an insulating single-bonded threefold-coordinated carbon network is predicted.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Liquid-Droplet as a model for the rotation curve problem
Creators: name: Darabi, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of large scale gravitational structures like galaxies, local groups and clusters is studied based on the so-called {\it Liquid-Droplet} model describing the saturation property of the nuclear force. Using the assumption that the gravitational force is also saturated over large scale structures, it is argued that the Newtonian gravitational potential may be replaced by an effective {\it Machian} gravitational potential. Application of this new potential at these large scale structures may give the rotation curves in good agreement with observations. Then, the virial theorem for this kind of gravitational interaction is developed and also the Tully-Fisher relation is obtained. A physical explanation is given for the so-called {\it constant} acceleration in the MOND as the {\it effective} gravitational strength of these structures. Finally, a brief argument is given for comparison with dark matter models.
description: 14 pages, major revision
Interpolation Hilbert spaces between Sobolev spaces
Creators: name: Mikhailets, Vladimir A.
name: Murach, Aleksandr A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46E35, 46B70

description: We explicitly describe all Hilbert function spaces that are interpolation spaces with respect to a given couple of Sobolev inner product spaces considered over $\mathbb{R}^{n}$ or a half-space in $\mathbb{R}^{n}$ or a bounded Euclidean domain with Lipschitz boundary. We prove that these interpolation spaces form a subclass of isotropic Hörmander spaces. They are parametrized with a radial function parameter which is OR-varying at $+\infty$ and satisfies some additional conditions. We give explicit examples of intermediate but not interpolation spaces.
description: 16 pages. Extended version. The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00025-014-0399-x
Discrete-Time Fractional Variational Problems
Creators: name: Bastos, Nuno R. O.
name: Ferreira, Rui A. C.
name: Torres, Delfim F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26A33, 39A12, 49K05

description: We introduce a discrete-time fractional calculus of variations on the time scale $h\mathbb{Z}$, $h > 0$. First and second order necessary optimality conditions are established. Examples illustrating the use of the new Euler-Lagrange and Legendre type conditions are given. They show that solutions to the considered fractional problems become the classical discrete-time solutions when the fractional order of the discrete-derivatives are integer values, and that they converge to the fractional continuous-time solutions when $h$ tends to zero. Our Legendre type condition is useful to eliminate false candidates identified via the Euler-Lagrange fractional equation.
description: Submitted 24/Nov/2009; Revised 16/Mar/2010; Accepted 3/May/2010; for publication in Signal Processing.
The preparation and study of photocatalysts : from core-shell palladium-titanium dioxide nanoparticles to iridium(III) complexes
Creators: name: Ochola, Rispah Janet
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (NPs) and iridium(III) complexes have been prepared and studied as photocatalysts towards enhanced efficiency and mechanistic understanding of photocatalysis. Core-shell palladium-titanium dioxide NPs, Pd@TiO₂, were prepared using monodisperse Pd@SiO₂ core-shell NPs as a template. The Pd cores and porous, high surface area TiO₂ shells are expected to prevent Pd loss and increase surface-substrate interactions, respectively, thereby improving photocatalytic efficiency. Carbon dioxide was photocatalytically reduced in water by the Pd@TiO₂ NPs with methane being the major product. Iridium(III) complexes were tailored to increase the excited state lifetime through minor ligand modification. [Ir(ppy)₂phen]PF₆, [Ir(ppy)₂dtbbpy]PF₆, [Ir(ppy)₂dmbpy]PF₆, and [Ir(ppy)₂bpy]PF₆ were prepared where ppy = 2-phenylpyridine, bpy = 2,2ʹ-bipyridine, dmbpy = 4,4ʹ-dimethyl-2,2ʹ-bipyridine, dtbbpy = 4,4’-di-tert-butyl-2,2ʹ-bipyridine and phen = 1,10-phenanthroline. Their excited state lifetimes range from 0.3 µs to 0.7 µs and correlate to the rate of single-electron transfer (SET) from excited state to substrate, CF₃SO₂Cl (1.9 × 10⁸ M‾¹ s‾¹ to 9.3 × 10⁸ M‾¹ s‾¹), but the rate of final product formation is unchanged. The photocatalyzed trifluoromethylation of quinoline was used as a prototypical reaction. The unchanged rate of product formation indicates that SET involving the excited state is not rate-limiting in this system. Further increase in the SET rate was attempted by attaching pyrene onto a ligand in the complex for Reversible Electron Energy Transfer (REET) to increase the photocatalyst excited state lifetime more significantly. [Ir(npy)₂bpyethylpyr]PF₆, [Ir(npy)₂bpypyr]PF₆, and [Ir(npy)₂dmbpy]PF₆ were prepared where npy = 2-(naphthalen-1-yl)pyridine, dmbpy = 4,4ʹ-dimethyl-2,2ʹ-bipyridine, bpyethylpyr = 4-methyl-4ʹ-[2-(pyren-1-yl)ethyl]-2,2ʹ-bipyridine and bpypyr = 4-(1ʹʹ-pyrenyl)-2,2ʹ-bipyridine. The excited state lifetimes are 13.8 µs, 4.8 µs and 3.2 µs, respectively. Excited state lifetime and transient absorption studies indicate that only the complex with pyrene separated from bpy by an alkyl bridge displays REET. The rates of SET and product formation in the trifluoromethylation of quinoline are slower upon incorporation of pyrene. This is attributed to new, less reactive excited states and increased photocatalyst size, which slows down diffusion. The findings presented herein reveal the importance of photophysical and structural properties, such as photocatalyst size and excited state lifetime, in SET and photocatalytic efficiency, thereby contributing to guided optimization of photocatalytic systems.
“A brave new (digital) world”? – Effects of in-house social media on HRM
Creators: name: Hauptmann, Stefan
name: Steger, Thomas
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: social media, computer-mediated communication; digital natives; group-coherence; organizational structures; rule-following
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie
subject: 330 Wirtschaft

description: Social media offer many opportunities for organizations but present, at the same time, many challenges, too. Particular attention must be paid to the new patterns of behavior emerging in organizations. We argue that these patterns derive both from the technical characteristics of the virtual environment and also from specific social structural conditions currently emerging. By referring to two case studies, we want to highlight and discuss the implications of these current developments and their opportunities, threats and consequences for Human Resource Management. Our analysis will be supported by theories and research on the reproduction of rules and norms, on the one hand, and on social structural studies about digital natives and Generation Y, on the other. In order to sharpen our argument and to highlight the challenges of social media for human resource management, we propose the concept and notion of a ‘parallel world.’ --- Die Nutzung von Social Media bietet viele Möglichkeiten für Organisationen, aber auch zahlreiche Herausforderungen. Vor allem die Emergenz neuer Verhaltensmuster seitens der Organisationsmitglieder gilt es zu berücksichtigen. Diese, so unsere Argumentation, lassen sich sowohl aus den technischen Besonderheiten virtueller Umgebungen als auch aus besonderen, gegenwärtig emergierenden sozialstrukturellen Konstellationen herleiten. Dies hat auch Konsequenzen für das Personalmanagement, was in dem vorliegenden Beitrag anhand zweier Fallstudien exemplifiziert und diskutiert werden soll. Argumentativ gestützt wird die Analyse von Theorien und Studien zur Reproduktion von Regeln und Normen einerseits, und sozialstrukturellen Studien zu Digital Natives bzw. zur Generation Y andererseits. Zur scharfen Konturierung gegenüber der Offline-Welt mit Blick auf das Personalmanagement schlagen wir vor, Social Media mit Attributen einer ‚Parallelwelt‘ zu versehen.
Insights into the Economy of Open Scholarship: A look into ASAPbio with Jessica Polka, Executive director
Creators: name: Franck, Gwen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: open scholarship, open science, economic, open, interview, ASAPbio, Knowledge Exchange, KE

description: Following the report Knowledge Exchange Approach to Open Scholarship and in line with the recommendations resulting from the workshop Moving from Ambition to Reality, two interconnected activities have been dedicated to the Economy of Open Scholarship, one conceptual, one practical.

The practical activity - Insights into the Economy of Open Scholarship: A Collection of Interviews - have collected examples which illustrate how pioneering initiatives set up and operate new or alternative business models in the area of Open Scholarship.

Interviews with a selection of initiatives have been conducted to build this collection to illustrate the successes and challenges within the economy of Open Scholarship. The purpose of this practical investigation is to inform and inspire a transition to Open Scholarship. Through a collection of interviews, including highlights and currents trends, the collection displays how pioneers and early adopters of openness pave the way for unhindered access to research outputs in relation to research community needs and practices.

The following interviews were published in March 2019:

	A look into the Open Library of Humanities with Martin Paul Eve, Co-founder: DOI 10.5281/zenodo.2586862
	A look into HRČAK with Jadranka Stojanovski, University of Zadar/Ruđer Bošković Institute, HRČAK Advisory Board. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.2586868
	A look into ASAPbio with Jessica Polka, Executive director. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.2586887

The full collection of interviews will be published in summer 2019. Full details are available on the Knowledge Exchange website: www.knowledge-exchange.info/event/insights-into-open-scholarship
Magnetic microemulsions based on magnetic ionic liquids
Creators: name: Klee, Andreas
name: Prevost, Sylvain
name: Kunz, Werner
name: Schweins, Ralf
name: Kiefer, Klaus
name: Gradzielski, Michael
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: magnetic microemulsion magnetic ionic liq SANS elec cond
subject: 540 Chemie

description: Microemulsions with magnetic properties were formed by employing a magnetic room temp. ionic liq. (MRTIL) as polar phase, cyclohexane as oil, and an appropriate mixt. of ionic surfactant and decanol as a cosurfactant. By means of small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) and elec. cond. the microemulsion structure could be confirmed, where the classical structural sequence of oil-continuous-bicontinuous-polar phase continuous is obsd. with increasing ratio [polar phase]/[oil]. Accordingly a max. of the structural size is obsd. at about equal vols. of oil and MRTIL contained. Therefore this system is structurally the same as normal microemulsions but with the magnetic properties added to it by the incorporation into the systems formulation.
Overviewing the transition of Markowitz bi-criterion portfolio selection to tri-criterion portfolio selection
Creators: name: Steuer, Ralph E.
name: Wimmer, Maximilian
name: Hirschberger, Markus
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Efficient frontiers, Nondominated surfaces, Parametric quadratic programming, Portfolio selection, Stability sets, Hyperbolic platelets
subject: 330 Wirtschaft
subject: G11
subject: C61

description: Over sixty years ago, Markowitz introduced the mean-variance efficient frontier to finance. While mean-variance is still the predominant model in portfolio selection, it has endured many criticisms. One serious one is that it does not allow for additional criteria. The difficulty is that the efficient frontier becomes a surface. With it now possible to compute such a surface, we provide an overview on how Markowitz's risk-return (bi-criterion) portfolio selection can be extended to tri-criterion portfolio selection. With a focus on the geometry of the extension, many graphs are used to illustrate.
Hydrodynamic Limit for an Hamiltonian System with Boundary Conditions and Conservative Noise
Creators: name: Even, Nadine
name: Olla, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the hyperbolic scaling limit for a chain of N coupled anharmonic oscillators. The chain is attached to a point on the left and there is a force (tension) $τ$ acting on the right. In order to provide good ergodic properties to the system, we perturb the Hamiltonian dynamics with random local exchanges of velocities between the particles, so that momentum and energy are locally conserved. We prove that in the macroscopic limit the distributions of the elongation, momentum and energy, converge to the solution of the Euler system of equations, in the smooth regime.
description: New deeply revised version. 1 figure added
Marine Occurrence of Hynobius in Taiwan
Creators: name: Di Maio, Paola
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 410401
subject: Conservation and biodiversity

description: A distribution map of the population fo Hynobius in Taiwan indicates that the species is recorded to inhabit mountain regions [1]. This report records and provides photographic evidence of an additional occurrence of of a colony of salamanders (Hynobius) in a saltwater habitat on a marine rock adjacent to a shore  in coastal Taiwan which is not included  the published data. The occurrence has been observed consistently throughout 4 years of regular field trips at the same location, and it is significant because it contributes evidence of an occurrence not previously recorded of a species (possibly endangered) previously not observed living in saltwater. Over two hundred individuals can be counted consistently over several trips in  course of the last 4 years, which took place in different seasons. In addition, the location provides a rare opportunity and unique open air environment for observations of saltwater salamanders.1]    Chen, JA., Yu, PJ., Jheng, SW. et al. Mining expressed sequence tag (EST) microsatellite markers to assess the genetic differentiation of five Hynobius species endemic to Taiwan. Sci Rep 14, 20898 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-71887-1
Silicon photonic switches for optical communication applications
Creators: name: Lu, Zeqin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Optical switches are used for signal switching in optical communication networks. Silicon photonics is a low-cost and mature technology to develop high-performance optical switches. This thesis is a theoretical and experimental study on silicon photonic switches, featuring broadband, low-power, high-speed, and low-crosstalk performance. Broadband 3-dB couplers are fundamental building blocks for broadband switches based on Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) structures. A broadband 3-dB coupler, which has a 100 nm operation bandwidth with coupling imbalance being much less than its competitors, i.e., adiabatic couplers and multimode interference couplers, has been theoretically designed and experimentally demonstrated. Switches using thermo-optic phase tuning typically have high power consumption. In this thesis, two methods to improve the tuning efficiency of thermo-optic phase shifters have been investigated and employed: 1) using thermal isolation structures and 2) using folded waveguides structures. Accordingly, thermo-optic switches with state-of-the-art, ultra-low power consumption of down to 50μW/π have been demonstrated. MZI switches using carrier injection phase tuning have high-speed performance but with a large switching crosstalk, due to the imbalanced tuning loss in the MZI structure. A novel carrier injection switch based on a balanced nested Mach-Zehnder interferometer (BNMZI) structure has been theoretically proposed. The BNMZI switch has balanced tuning schemes and therefore can be both high-speed and crosstalk-free. Besides, the switch has three switching states: cross, bar, and blocking. Polarization control is necessary for single-mode switches. A high-performance polarization beamsplitter (PBS), which has a 120 nm operation bandwidth with modal isolations of more than 20 dB, has been designed and demonstrated, and it can be used for polarization control for single-mode switches. Characterizing fabrication variability and performing yield prediction for photonic integrated circuits (PICs) are both challenging for photonics designers. We have developed an accurate and cost-efficient characterization method for fabrication variations, which extracts waveguide dimension variations from the spectral response of a single racetrack resonator. In addition, we have proposed a novel yield prediction method for PICs, which, for the first time in silicon photonics, is able to model the impacts of layout-dependent correlated manufacturing variations and take them into account in circuit simulations.
title: DETERMINATION OF THE AMOUNT OF POLYSACCHARIDES IN THE ABOVE-GROUND AND UNDERGROUND PARTS OF THE INULA BRITANNICA L.
Creators: name: Arutyunova, Viktoriya V.
name: Yanitskaya, Alla V.
Publisher: name: Astrakhan State Medical University
Year: 2021

description: Abstract. The study of plant materials containing the polysaccharide inulin as a reserve nutrient is attracting more and more attention. Due to the presence of fructose in its structure, inulin is widely used in the food industry as a component of dietary nutrition, a sugar substitute in products for pa-tients with diabetes mellitus, is a part of baby cereals and formula, improves the quality of bread and dairy products. In addition, it normalizes the intestinal microflora, promotes the development of bene-ficial microorganisms. Therefore, the search for plant objects - sources of inulin - seems promising. The article provides information on the content of the sum of polysaccharides (fructosans) in terms of inulin in the late and aerial parts of the British elecampane (Inula britannica L.) of the Asteraceae family, which grows widely in the Volgograd re-gion. The raw materials for the study were harvested from wild populations in July - August 2020. The quantitative determination was carried out by the method of spectrophotometric analysis according to the pharmacopoeial method described in the State Pharmacopoeia of the XIV edition, with a prelimi-nary determination of moisture indicators for the studied morphological groups. The average value of the content of the sum of polysaccharides (fructosans) in terms of inulin in rhizomes and roots was 11.92 ± 0.36 %, in grass - 4.27 ± 0.17 %, respectively. Key words: inulin, fructosans, polysaccharides, prebiotic, spectrophotometry, British elecam-pane (Inula britannica L.)
Testing magnetofrictional extrapolation with the Titov-Démoulin model of solar active regions
Creators: name: Valori, G.
name: Kliem, B.
name: Török, T.
name: Titov, V. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the nonlinear magnetofrictional extrapolation scheme using the solar active region model by Titov and Démoulin as test field. This model consists of an arched, line-tied current channel held in force-free equilibrium by the potential field of a bipolar flux distribution in the bottom boundary. A modified version, having a parabolic current density profile, is employed here. We find that the equilibrium is reconstructed with very high accuracy in a representative range of parameter space, using only the vector field in the bottom boundary as input. Structural features formed in the interface between the flux rope and the surrounding arcade-"hyperbolic flux tube" and "bald patch separatrix surface"-are reliably reproduced, as are the flux rope twist and the energy and helicity of the configuration. This demonstrates that force-free fields containing these basic structural elements of solar active regions can be obtained by extrapolation. The influence of the chosen initial condition on the accuracy of reconstruction is also addressed, confirming that the initial field that best matches the external potential field of the model quite naturally leads to the best reconstruction. Extrapolating the magnetogram of a Titov-Démoulin equilibrium in the unstable range of parameter space yields a sequence of two opposing evolutionary phases which clearly indicate the unstable nature of the configuration: a partial buildup of the flux rope with rising free energy is followed by destruction of the rope, losing most of the free energy.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures
Back reaction, emission spectrum and entropy spectroscopy
Creators: name: Jiang, Qing-Quan
name: Cai, Xu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, an interesting work, which reformulates the tunneling framework to directly produce the Hawking emission spectrum and entropy spectroscopy in the tunneling picture, has been received a broad attention. However, during the emission process, most related observations have not incorporated the effects of back reaction on the background spacetime, whose derivations are therefore not the desiring results for the real physical process. With this point as a central motivation, in this paper we suitably adapt the \emph{reformulated} tunneling framework so that it can well accommodate the effects of back reaction to produce the Hawking emission spectrum and entropy spectroscopy. Consequently, we interestingly find that, when back reaction is considered, the Parikh-Wilczek's outstanding observations that, an isolated radiating black hole has an unitary-evolving emission spectrum that is \emph{not} precisely thermal, but is related to the change of the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy, can also be reproduced in the reformulated tunneling framework, meanwhile the entropy spectrum has the same form as that without inclusion of back reaction, which demonstrates the entropy quantum is \emph{independent} of the effects of back reaction. As our final analysis, we concentrate on the issues of the black hole information, but \emph{unfortunately} find that, even including the effects of back reaction and higher-order quantum corrections, such tunneling formalism can still not provide a mechanism for preserving the black hole information.
description: 16 pages, no figure, use JHEP3.cls. to be published in JHEP
Activity in fetal bovine serum that stimulates erythroid colony formation in fetal mouse livers is insulinlike growth factor I
Creators: name: Kurtz, Armin
name: Härtl, W.
name: Jelkmann, W.
name: Zapf, J.
name: Bauer, Christian
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Animals
subject: Antibodies/immunology
subject: Cattle/blood
subject: Chromatography, Gel
subject: Colony-Forming Units Assay
subject: Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
subject: Erythropoiesis/drug effects
subject: Fetal Blood/analysis
subject: Hematopoietic Stem Cells/drug effects
subject: Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/pharmacology
subject: Liver/embryology
subject: Mice
subject: Organ Culture Techniques
subject: Somatomedins/pharmacology

description: In the present study, the erythropoietic activity of fetal serum was characterized. Using fetal bovine serum (FBS) as a source of the erythropoietic activity and serum-free cultures of fetal mouse livers (FMLC assay) as a detection system, we found that FBS stimulated colony formation from late erythroid progenitor cells (CFU-E) in a dose-dependent fashion. The slope of the dose-response curve, however, was significantly different from that for erythropoietin (Ep), the best-characterized erythropoietic activity so far. The erythropoietic activity of FBS was found in the 120-160- and 40-70-kD range at neutral pH. In the presence of 1 M acetic acid, however, the erythropoietic activity had an apparent molecular mass between 3 and 13 kD. From ion exchange experiments with DEAE-cellulose, the isoionic point of the activity was estimated to about pH 5. Furthermore, the erythropoietic activity of FBS was found to be co-eluted on Sephadex G-150 with the binding proteins of insulinlike growth factors (IGF). The IGF I concentration determined by radioimmunoassay was 70 ng IGF I/ml. The Ep activity of FBS was less than 5 mU/ml when determined with the posthypoxic polycythemic mouse assay for Ep. These results suggest that the erythropoietic activity of FBS is related to IGF and not to Ep. The erythropoietic activity of FBS was abolished by an antiserum against IGF I. Furthermore, IGF I was a factor of approximately 40 more potent than IGF II in stimulating erythroid colony formation. All of these findings suggest that the erythropoietic activity of FBS is IGF I.
10.6084/m9.figshare.27100051
Creators: name: Di Maio, Paola
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 410401
subject: Conservation and biodiversity

description: A distribution map of the population fo Hynobius in Taiwan indicates that the species is recorded to inhabit mountain regions [1]. This report records and provides photographic evidence of an additional occurrence of of a colony of salamanders (Hynobius) in a saltwater habitat on a marine rock adjacent to a shore  in coastal Taiwan which is not included  the published data. The occurrence has been observed consistently throughout 4 years of regular field trips at the same location, and it is significant because it contributes evidence of an occurrence not previously recorded of a species (possibly endangered) previously not observed living in saltwater. Over two hundred individuals can be counted consistently over several trips in  course of the last 4 years, which took place in different seasons. In addition, the location provides a rare opportunity and unique open air environment for observations of saltwater salamanders.1]    Chen, JA., Yu, PJ., Jheng, SW. et al. Mining expressed sequence tag (EST) microsatellite markers to assess the genetic differentiation of five Hynobius species endemic to Taiwan. Sci Rep 14, 20898 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-71887-1
GSC 2314-0530: the shortest-period eclipsing system with dMe components
Creators: name: Dimitrov, D.
name: Kjurkchieva, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CCD photometric observations in VRI colors and spectroscopic observations of the newly discovered eclipsing binary GSC 2314-0530 (NSVS 6550671) with dMe components and very short period of P=0.192636 days are presented. The simultaneous light-curve solution and radial velocity solution allows to determine the global parameters of GSC 2314-0530: T_{1}=3735 K; T_{2}=3106 K; M_{1}=0.51 M_sun; M_{2}=0.26 M_sun; R_{1}=0.55 R_sun; R_{2}=0.29 R_sun; L_{1}=0.053 L_sun; L_{2}=0.007 L_sun; i=72.5 degr; a=1.28 R_sun; d=59 pc. The chromospheric activity of its components is revealed by strong emission in the H_alpha line (with mean EW=5 A) and observed several flares. Empirical relations mass-M_{bol}, mass-radius and mass-temperature are derived on the basis of the parameters of known binaries with low-mass dM components.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures, MNRAS (accepted)
Age-dependent expression of the erythropoietin gene in rat liver and kidneys
Creators: name: Eckardt, Kai-Uwe
name: Ratcliffe, P. J.
name: Tan, C. C.
name: Bauer, Christian
name: Kurtz, Armin
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Age Factors
subject: Anemia/metabolism
subject: Animals
subject: Erythropoietin/genetics
subject: Gene Expression
subject: Kidney/metabolism
subject: Liver/metabolism
subject: Nephrectomy
subject: RNA, Messenger/analysis
subject: Rats

description: Using RNAse protection, we have made quantitative measurements of erythropoietin (EPO) mRNA in liver and kidneys of developing rats (days 1-54), to determine the relative contribution of both organs to the total EPO mRNA, to monitor changes which occur with development, and to compare the hypoxia-induced accumulation of EPO mRNA with the changes in serum EPO concentrations. To determine whether developmental and organ-specific responsiveness is related to the type of hypoxic stimulus, normobaric hypoxia was compared with exposure to carbon monoxide (functional anemia). Under both stimuli EPO mRNA concentration in liver was maximal on day 7 and declined during development. In contrast, EPO mRNA concentration in kidney increased during development from day 1 when it was 30-65% the hepatic concentration to day 54 when it was 12-fold higher than in liver. When organ weight was considered the liver was found to contain the majority of EPO mRNA in the first three to four weeks of life, and although, in stimulated animals, the hepatic proportion declined from 85-91% on day 1, it remained approximately 33% at day 54 and was similar for the two types of stimuli. When normalized for body weight the sum of renal and hepatic EPO mRNA in animals of a particular age was related linearly to serum hormone concentrations. However, the slope of this regression increased progressively with development, suggesting age-dependent alterations in translational efficiency or EPO metabolism.
Modelling trade offs between public and private conservation policies
Creators: name: Gordon, Ascelin
name: Langford, William T.
name: White, Matt D.
name: Todd, James A.
name: Bastin, Lucy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: To reduce global biodiversity loss, there is an urgent need to determine the most efficient allocation of conservation resources. Recently, there has been a growing trend for many governments to supplement public ownership and management of reserves with incentive programs for conservation on private land. At the same time, policies to promote conservation on private land are rarely evaluated in terms of their ecological consequences. This raises important questions, such as the extent to which private land conservation can improve conservation outcomes, and how it should be mixed with more traditional public land conservation. We address these questions, using a general framework for modelling environmental policies and a case study examining the conservation of endangered native grasslands to the west of Melbourne, Australia. Specifically, we examine three policies that involve: i) spending all resources on creating public conservation areas; ii) spending all resources on an ongoing incentive program where private landholders are paid to manage vegetation on their property with 5-year contracts; and iii) splitting resources between these two approaches. The performance of each strategy is quantified with a vegetation condition change model that predicts future changes in grassland quality. Of the policies tested, no one policy was always best and policy performance depended on the objectives of those enacting the policy. This work demonstrates a general method for evaluating environmental policies and highlights the utility of a model which combines ecological and socioeconomic processes.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures
The importance of compound-specific radiocarbon analysis in source identification of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: A critical review
Creators: name: Ya, Miaolei
name: Wu, Yuling
name: Wang, Xinhong
name: Li, Yongyu
name: Su, Guanyong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: As unavoidable by-products of the combustion of organic matter, the sources of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are an area of great research interest in environmental monitoring, environmental forensics, and organic geochemistry. Molecular diagnostic ratios, receptor models, and stable isotope analysis are the most widely used methods to identify the sources of PAHs. However, some studies have demonstrated that these conventional methods have several disadvantages including overlapping end-members (or “non-uniqueness”), unexpected “blending,” secondary reaction and degradation, which lead to ambiguous PAH source results. At the end of the last century, compound-specific radiocarbon analysis (CSRA) focusing on the molecular level radiocarbon signatures was introduced for PAH source identification, because of its effectiveness in avoiding uncertainties of the conventional methods. CSRA has an excellent ability to distinguish the fractional contributions of fossil fuels and biomass burning. Here, by reviewing the merits and limitations of conventional methods, we point out that their unquestioning application needs to be criticized in PAH source identification, and further highlight the particular advantages of CSRA. Specifically, we summarize the application and prospects of CSRA in PAH source identification. We conclude that CSRA provides a powerful tool to accurately quantify the sources of aromatic pollutants, to reveal their sedimentary radiocarbon records, and to elucidate regional energy structure and fuel consumption. In doing so, we provide a critical resource to expand the application of CSRA in environmental science. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive review of the application of CSRA for PAH source identification.
Insights into the Economy of Open Scholarship: A look into HRČAK with Jadranka Stojanovski, University of Zadar/Ruđer Bošković Institute, HRČAK Advisory Board
Creators: name: Franck, Gwen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: open scholarship, open science, economic, open, interview, HRČAK, Knowledge Exchange, KE

description: Following the report Knowledge Exchange Approach to Open Scholarship and in line with the recommendations resulting from the workshop Moving from Ambition to Reality, two interconnected activities have been dedicated to the Economy of Open Scholarship, one conceptual, one practical.

The practical activity - Insights into the Economy of Open Scholarship: A Collection of Interviews - have collected examples which illustrate how pioneering initiatives set up and operate new or alternative business models in the area of Open Scholarship.

Interviews with a selection of initiatives have been conducted to build this collection to illustrate the successes and challenges within the economy of Open Scholarship. The purpose of this practical investigation is to inform and inspire a transition to Open Scholarship. Through a collection of interviews, including highlights and currents trends, the collection displays how pioneers and early adopters of openness pave the way for unhindered access to research outputs in relation to research community needs and practices.

The following interviews were published in March 2019:

	A look into the Open Library of Humanities with Martin Paul Eve, Co-founder: DOI 10.5281/zenodo.2586862
	A look into HRČAK with Jadranka Stojanovski, University of Zadar/Ruđer Bošković Institute, HRČAK Advisory Board. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.2586868
	A look into ASAPbio with Jessica Polka, Executive director. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.2586887

The full collection of interviews will be published in summer 2019. Full details are available on the Knowledge Exchange website: www.knowledge-exchange.info/event/insights-into-open-scholarship
Surface-functionalized Fluorescent Silica Nanoparticles for the Detection of ATP
Creators: name: Moro, A. J.
name: Schmidt, J.
name: Doussineau, T.
name: Lapresta-Fernandéz, A.
name: Wegener, Joachim
name: Mohr, G. J.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie

description: The design of two-dyed fluorescent silica nanoparticles for ATP detection is presented. The indicator dye possesses a dipicolyl-amine (DPA) unit complexed with Zn(II) as a receptor function for ATP while a rhodamine derivative is used as the reference dye. The nanoparticles were fully characterized regarding analytical performance, morphology and cytocompatibility.