cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Measuring Turbulence with Young Stars in the Orion Complex
Creators: name: Ha, Trung
name: Li, Yuan
name: Xu, Siyao
name: Kounkel, Marina
name: Li, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stars form in molecular clouds in the interstellar medium (ISM) with a turbulent kinematic state. Newborn stars therefore should retain the turbulent kinematics of their natal clouds. Gaia DR2 and APOGEE-2 surveys in combination provide three-dimensional (3D) positions and 3D velocities of young stars in the Orion Molecular Cloud Complex. Using the full 6D measurements, we compute the velocity structure functions (VSFs) of the stars in six different groups within the Orion Complex. We find that the motions of stars in all diffuse groups exhibit strong characteristics of turbulence. Their first-order VSFs have a power-law exponent ranging from $\sim0.2-0.5$ on scales of a few to a few tens of pc, generally consistent with Larson's relation. On the other hand, dense star clusters, such as the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC), have experienced rapid dynamical relaxation, and have lost the memory of the initial turbulent kinematics. The VSFs of several individual groups and the whole Complex all show features supporting local energy injection from supernovae. The measured strength of turbulence depends on the location relative to the supernova epicenters and the formation history of the groups. Our detection of turbulence traced by young stars introduces a new method of probing the turbulent kinematics of the ISM. Unlike previous gas-based studies with only projected measurements accessible to observations, we utilize the full 6D information of stars, presenting a more complete picture of the 3D interstellar turbulence.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, 1 table; accepted for publication in ApJL
Compressing Hamiltonians with ab initio downfolding for simulating strongly-correlated materials on quantum computers
Creators: name: Alvertis, Antonios M.
name: Khan, Abid
name: Tubman, Norm M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The accurate first-principles description of strongly-correlated materials is an important and challenging problem in condensed matter physics. Ab initio downfolding has emerged as a way of deriving compressed many-body Hamiltonians that maintain the essential physics of strongly-correlated materials. The solution of these material-specific models is still exponentially difficult to generate on classical computers, but quantum algorithms allow for a significant speed-up in obtaining the ground states of these compressed Hamiltonians. Here we demonstrate that utilizing quantum algorithms for obtaining the properties of downfolded Hamiltonians can indeed yield high-fidelity solutions. By combining ab initio downfolding and variational quantum eigensolvers, we correctly predict the antiferromagnetic state of one-dimensional cuprate $\text{Ca}_2\text{CuO}_3$, the excitonic ground state of monolayer $\text{WTe}_2$, and the charge-ordered state of correlated metal $\text{SrVO}_3$. Numerical simulations utilizing a classical tensor network implementation of variational quantum eigensolvers allow us to simulate large models with up to $54$ qubits and encompassing up to four bands in the correlated subspace, which is indicative of the complexity that our framework can address. Through these methods we demonstrate the potential of classical pre-optimization and downfolding techniques for enabling efficient materials simulation using quantum algorithms.
The Three Hundred Project: Substructure in hydrodynamical and dark matter simulations of galaxy groups around clusters
Creators: name: Haggar, Roan
name: Pearce, Frazer R.
name: Gray, Meghan E.
name: Knebe, Alexander
name: Yepes, Gustavo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark matter-only simulations are able to produce the cosmic structure of a $Λ$CDM universe, at a much lower computational cost than more physically motivated hydrodynamical simulations. However, it is not clear how well smaller substructure is reproduced by dark matter-only simulations. To investigate this, we directly compare the substructure of galaxy clusters and of surrounding galaxy groups in hydrodynamical and dark matter-only simulations. We utilise TheThreeHundred project, a suite of 324 simulations of galaxy clusters that have been simulated with hydrodynamics, and in dark matter-only. We find that dark matter-only simulations underestimate the number density of galaxies in the centres of groups and clusters relative to hydrodynamical simulations, and that this effect is stronger in denser regions. We also look at the phase space of infalling galaxy groups, to show that dark matter-only simulations underpredict the number density of galaxies in the centres of these groups by about a factor of four. This implies that the structure and evolution of infalling groups may be different to that predicted by dark matter-only simulations. Finally, we discuss potential causes for this underestimation, considering both physical effects, and numerical differences in the analysis.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
General relativistic magnetized Bondi-Hoyle-Lyttleton accretion with a spin-field misalignment: Jet nutation, polarity reversals, and Magnus drag
Creators: name: Kim, Yoonsoo
name: Most, Elias R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of a black hole traveling through a plasma--a general relativistic extension of the classic Bondi-Hoyle-Lyttleton (BHL) accretion problem--can be related to a variety of astrophysical contexts, including the aftermath of binary black hole mergers in gaseous environments. We perform three-dimensional general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics simulations of BHL accretion onto a spinning black hole when magnetic field of the incoming wind is inclined to the spin axis of the black hole. Irrespective of inclination but dependent on the wind speed, we find that the accretion flow onto the black hole can become magnetically arrested, launching an intermittent jet whose formation is assisted by a turbulent dynamo-like process in the inner disk. The upstream ram pressure of the wind bends the jet, and confines the angular extent into which the magnetic flux tubes ejected from quasiperiodic eruptions are released. Recoil from magnetic flux eruptions drives strong oscillations in the inner accretion disk, resulting in jet nutation at the outer radii and occasionally ripping off the inner part of the accretion disk. When the incoming magnetic field is perpendicular to the spin axis of the black hole, we find that the magnetic polarity of the jets can undergo a stochastic reversal. In addition to dynamical friction, the black hole experiences a perpendicular drag force analogous to the Magnus effect. Qualitative effects of the incoming magnetic field orientation, the strength of the magnetization, and the incoming wind speed are investigated as well.
description: 27 pages, 17 figures
A New Comparative Definition of Community and Corresponding Identifying Algorithm
Creators: name: Hu, Yanqing
name: Chen, Hongbin
name: Zhang, Peng
name: Li, Menghui
name: Di, Zengru
name: Fan, Ying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, a new comparative definition for community in networks is proposed and the corresponding detecting algorithm is given. A community is defined as a set of nodes, which satisfy that each node's degree inside the community should not be smaller than the node's degree toward any other community. In the algorithm, the attractive force of a community to a node is defined as the connections between them. Then employing attractive force based self-organizing process, without any extra parameter, the best communities can be detected. Several artificial and real-world networks, including Zachary Karate club network and College football network are analyzed. The algorithm works well in detecting communities and it also gives a nice description for network division and group formation.
description: 11 pages, 4 fihures
A Novel Face-tracking Mouth Controller and its Application to Interacting with Bioacoustic Models
Creators: name: de Silva, Gamhewage C.
name: Smyth, Tamara
name: Lyons, Michael J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: H.5.5

description: We describe a simple, computationally light, real-time system for tracking the lower face and extracting information about the shape of the open mouth from a video sequence. The system allows unencumbered control of audio synthesis modules by the action of the mouth. We report work in progress to use the mouth controller to interact with a physical model of sound production by the avian syrinx.
description: Proceedings of the International Conference on New Interfaces for Musical Expression, 2004 (NIME-04)
Quantum spin nematics, dimerization, and deconfined criticality in quasi-one dimensional spin-1 magnets
Creators: name: Grover, Tarun
name: Senthil, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically the destruction of spin nematic order due to quantum fluctuations in quasi-one dimensional spin-1 magnets. If the nematic ordering is disordered by condensing disclinations then quantum Berry phase effects induce dimerization in the resulting paramagnet. We develop a theory for a Landau-forbidden second order transition between the spin nematic and dimerized states found in recent numerical calculations. Numerical tests of the theory are suggested.
description: 4+ pages
The density of stationary points in a high-dimensional random energy landscape and the onset of glassy behaviour
Creators: name: Fyodorov, Yan V
name: Sommers, H-J
name: Williams, Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the density of stationary points and minima of a $N\gg 1$ dimensional Gaussian energy landscape. We use it to show that the point of zero-temperature replica symmetry breaking in the equilibrium statistical mechanics of a particle placed in such a landscape in a spherical box of size $L=R\sqrt{N}$ corresponds to the onset of exponential in $N$ growth of the cumulative number of stationary points, but not necessarily the minima. For finite temperatures we construct a simple variational upper bound on the true free energy of the $R=\infty$ version of the problem and show that this approximation is able to recover the position of the whole de-Almeida-Thouless line.
description: a revised and shortened version with a few typos corrected and references added. To appear in JETP Letters
Cohomogeneity one Einstein-Sasaki 5-manifolds
Creators: name: Conti, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53C25 (Primary) 53C30, 57S15 (Secondary)

description: We consider hypersurfaces in Einstein-Sasaki 5-manifolds which are tangent to the characteristic vector field. We introduce evolution equations that can be used to reconstruct the 5-dimensional metric from such a hypersurface, analogous to the (nearly) hypo and half-flat evolution equations in higher dimensions. We use these equations to classify Einstein-Sasaki 5-manifolds of cohomogeneity one.
description: 22 pages. v2: remarks added concerning the parameter m having no effect on the metric, and the non-existence of metrics on the link L(2,2,2,3); statements and proofs of main theorems modified in light of a more precise characterization of the cohomogeneity one diagrams. v3: presentation improved. To appear in Comm. Math. Phys
A Coarse-Grained Field Theory for Density Fluctuations and Correlation Functions of Galactic Objects
Creators: name: Zhang, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a coarse-grained field theory of density fluctuations for a Newtonian self-gravitating many-body system and apply it to a homogeneous Universe with small density fluctuations. The theory treats the clustering of galaxies and clusters in terms of the field of density fluctuations. The Jeans length $λ_0$, a unique physical scale for a gravitating system, appears naturally as the characteristic scale underlying the large scale structure. Under Gaussian approximation the analytic expressions of $ξ(r)$ and $P(k)$ are obtained. The correlation amplitude is proportional to the galactic mass, and is oscillating over large scales $\sim 100$ $h^{-1}$ Mpc and damped to zero. The spectrum amplitude is inversely proportional to the galactic number density.The preliminary results qualitatively explain some pronounced features of large scale structures.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures. to appear in A&A
1. Introduction: Pandemics, Regulations, and History
Creators: name: Albertone, Manuela
name: Pasini, Enrico
Publisher: name: Journal of Interdisciplinary History of Ideas
Year: 2021

description: This issue is the product of a common effort to give a timely contribution, coming from the fields of the history of ideas and intellectual history, to the current debates on the exceptional situation the world is living in. It is uncommon that a historical journal decides to tackle matters of the present time; yet in Spring 2020 the JIHI launched a Call for papers on Epidemics and Regulations in the History of Ideas and Intellectual History. The Call had a quite short deadline (it was presented as an ‘instant CFP’), and represented a challenge to both sides of the collaboration: the JIHI editorial staff and the authors.
description: Journal of Interdisciplinary History of Ideas, V. 9 N. 18 (2020): Epidemics and Regulations
Phonon-induced decoherence of the two-level quantum subsystem due to relaxation and dephasing processes
Creators: name: Openov, L. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phonon-related decoherence effects in a quantum double-well two-level subsystem coupled to a solid are studied theoretically by the example of deformation phonons. Expressions for the reduced density matrix at T=0 are derived beyond the Markovian approximation by means of explicit solution of the non-stationary Schrodinger equation for the interacting electron-phonon system at the initial stage of its evolution. It is shown that as long as the difference between the energies of the electron in the left and the right well greatly exceeds the energy of the electron tunneling between the minima of the double-well potential, decoherence is primarily due to dephasing processes. This case corresponds to a strongly asymmetric potential and spatially separated eigenfunctions localized in the vicinity of one or another potential minimum. In the opposite case of the symmetric potential, the decoherence stems from the relaxation processes, which may be either "resonant" (at relatively long times) or "nonresonant" (at short times), giving rise to qualitatively different temporal evolution of the electron state. The results obtained are discussed in the context of quantum information processing based on the quantum bits encoded in electron charge degrees of freedom.
description: 20 pages, no figures
6. Pauline de Noirfontaine’ s “Un regard écrit: Algérie”
Creators: name: Larbi Youcef, Abdeldjalil
Publisher: name: Journal of Interdisciplinary History of Ideas
Year: 2021

description: Following Covid19, the exceptional increase in sales of The Plague, penned by the Algeria-born philosopher Albert Camus, has ranked his novel among those whose revival is most asserted. Much less known, however, is Pauline de Noirfontaine’s un regard écrit: Algérie (1856), a collection of letters sent from Oran—1849 to 1851—which she hoped might gain in retrospective interest. Despite their generic difference—novel and correspondence—the thematic and actantial convergence of these two works published a century apart motivates their perception according to a form of literary communication in which Camus would probably have found some of his inspiration. This paper draws on De Noirfontaine’s third letter. The argument is that her document, far beyond a description of an epidemic, actually exposes human nature in times of crises. Keywords: Algeria, Oran, Cholera, Plague, Human Nature, Noirfontaine Pauline de
description: Journal of Interdisciplinary History of Ideas, V. 9 N. 18 (2020): Epidemics and Regulations
Observation of ultra-broadband, beamlike parametric downconversion
Creators: name: O'Donnell, Kevin A.
name: U'Ren, Alfred B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report spontaneous parametric downconversion having an unusually wide spectral bandwidth. A collinear type-1 phase-matching configuration is employed with degeneracy near the zero group velocity dispersion frequency. With a spectral width of 1080 nm and degenerate wavelength 1885 nm, the source also emits a high flux of photon pairs constrained to a cone of only 2 degree half-angle. A rigorous theoretical approach is developed that confirms the experimental observations. The source properties are consistent with an ultra-short photon-pair correlation time and, for a narrowband pump, extremely high-dimensional spectral entanglement.
description: Optics Letters, accepted, 4 pages and 2 figures
Germanium Production in Asymptotic Giant Branch stars: Implications for Observations of Planetary Nebulae
Creators: name: Karakas, Amanda
name: Lugaro, Maria
name: Gallino, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of planetary nebulae (PNe) by Sterling, Dinerstein and Bowers have revealed abundances in the neutron-capture element Germanium (Ge) from solar to factors of 3 -- 10 above solar. The enhanced Ge is an indication that the slow-neutron capture process (s process) operated in the parent star during the thermally-pulsing asymptotic giant branch (TP-AGB) phase. We compute the detailed nucleosynthesis of a series of AGB models to estimate the surface enrichment of Ge near the end of the AGB. A partial mixing zone of constant mass is included at the deepest extent of each dredge-up episode, resulting in the formation of a 13C pocket in the top ~1/10th of the He-rich intershell. All of the models show surface increases of [Ge/Fe] less than about 0.5, except the 2.5Msun, Z=0.004 case which produced a factor of 6 enhancement of Ge. Near the tip of the TP-AGB, a couple of extra TPs could occur to account for the composition of the most Ge-enriched PNe. Uncertainties in the theoretical modeling of AGB stellar evolution might account for larger Ge enhancements than we predict here. Alternatively, a possible solution could be provided by the occurrence of a late TP during the post-AGB phase. Difficulties related to spectroscopic abundance estimates also need to be taken into consideration. Further study is required to better assess how the model uncertainties affect the predictions and, consequently, if a late TP should be invoked.
description: accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters
3. Discrimination, Othering, and the Political Instrumentalizing of Pandemic Disease
Creators: name: Baradel, Martina
name: Costa, Emanuele
Publisher: name: Journal of Interdisciplinary History of Ideas
Year: 2021

description: The complex history of pandemics has created a diversified array of anti-epidemic responses, which have allowed structures of authority to express their power in multiple ways. In this paper, by considering theories applicable to cases ranging from Europe to Asia, from the 11th to the 18th century, we conduct a comparative analysis capable of identifying common traits and radical differences, aiming to show how such deployment of power was not always commensurate with the medical theories of the age, and with the gravity of the epidemiological situation. Specifically, we analyse how Western European States, in their process of formation, employed the concept of ‘public health’ to create the grounds for an unprecedented exercise of power over the private sphere. Furthermore, we compare this attitude with the discrimination of the minority known as burakumin in Japan, which was destined to undertake any ‘dirty’ or ‘impure’ occupation, to preserve the immunity of the community. In other words, we examine how structures of power have exploited states of exception to implement control measures beyond the needs of the situation through an increasingly hypertrophic apparatus of security; and ways in which political authorities have not aligned with medical or philosophical authorities of their times, for opportunistic reasons that benefited their own social, religious, or racial group. Keywords: Pandemics, Discrimination, Immunity, Purity, Burakumin
description: Journal of Interdisciplinary History of Ideas, V. 9 N. 18 (2020): Epidemics and Regulations
Quale sensus fidei nella chiesa sinodale?
Creators: name: D'Amato, Luigi
Publisher: name: Apulia Theologica
Year: 2025

description: La riscoperta della sinodalità ecclesiale ha favorito un rinnovato e diffuso interesse verso la realtà del sensus fidei che, dopo il ben noto rilancio nel Vaticano II, non sembrava ancora aver ricevuto, in ambito ecclesiale, un’adeguata attenzione. Tale ripresa attuale, nondimeno, pone importanti domande a cui questo contributo prova a rispondere: qual è precisamente il dato teologico ed ecclesiologico veicolato da questa nozione? Quali sfide concrete la sua riproposizione indica, oggi, alla comunità sinodale? Muovendo da tre sguardi prospettici che il concilio ci consegna a tale riguardo, la ricerca lascia emergere le diverse interpretazioni possibili – tra genitivo soggettivo e oggettivo, fides qua e fides quae – della locuzione latina, per approdare alla proposta di alcuni sentieri percorribili in vista di un’autentica valorizzazione del sensus fidei nella chiesa sinodale.
description: Apulia Theologica, V. 10 N. 2 (2024): Apulia theologica vol. 10, fascicolo 2
Evolution of magnetic deformation in neutron star crust
Creators: name: Kojima, Yasufumi
name: Kisaka, Shota
name: Fujisawa, Kotaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we examine the magnetic field evolution occurring in a neutron star crust. Beyond the elastic limit, the lattice ions are assumed to act as a plastic flow. The Ohmic dissipation, Hall drift, and bulk fluid velocity driven by the Lorentz force are considered in our numerical simulation. A magnetically induced quadrupole deformation is observed in the crust during the evolution. Generally, the ellipticity decreases as the magnetic energy decreases. In a toroidal-field-dominated model, the sign of the ellipticity changes. Namely, the initial prolate shape tends to become oblate. This occurs because the toroidal component decays rapidly on a smaller timescale than the poloidal dipole component. We find that the magnetic dipole component does not change significantly on the Hall timescale of $\sim 1$Myr for the considered simple initial models. Thus, a more complex initial model is required to study the fast decay of surface dipoles on the abovementioned timescale.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Ilario di Poitiers: l’hermeneusis del simbolo niceno tra oriente e occidente
Creators: name: Lieggi, Jean Paul
Publisher: name: Apulia Theologica
Year: 2025

description: Nessuna formulazione è sufficiente, se presa da sola, a dire la totalità della fede cristiana nel Dio unitrino: questa la tesi sostenuta nell’articolo, mostrandone la fondatezza e tentando di offrire le necessarie argomentazioni, per poterne accogliere la validità, attraverso il contributo offerto da Ilario di Poitiers al dibattito teologico del IV secolo, nel confronto tra coloro che difendevano strenuamente l’homoousios («della stessa sostanza») di Nicea e coloro che vi preferivano, per le ragioni che in queste pagine vengono esplicitate, l’homoiousios («di sostanza simile»). L’attenzione alla testimonianza e all’insegnamento di Ilario consente, inoltre, di accostarsi ad un momento particolare del processo di ricezione del simbolo niceno, che attesta la necessaria hermeneusis di cui il simbolo necessita, in quanto le formule, in esso adottate dai padri per offrire un’autorevole interpretazione della Scrittura, avevano a loro volte bisogno di interpretazione, esposizione, spiegazione: hermeneusis, per l’appunto. Dal peculiare apporto offerto da Ilario è possibile, infine, ricavare preziose considerazioni sulle attitudini che dovrebbero segnare lo «stile» di ogni linguaggio teologico: ampia parte dell’articolo è dedicata ad illustrarne il senso e la portata.
description: Apulia Theologica, V. 10 N. 2 (2024): Apulia theologica vol. 10, fascicolo 2
The theory of reappraisal and deaccessioning of archival material
Creators: name: Ledwell, Mary P.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A survey conducted by the National Archives of Canada in 1987 reported that out of 100 archival institutions surveyed, 65% of the respondents said that they regularly reappraise and deaccession collections. However, reappraisal constitutes a formal requirement for only 15% of those who do it. This thesis examines the theory, method and practice of reappraisal and deaccessioning. Prior to the publication of Leonard Rapport's article "No Grandfather Clause: Reappraising Accessioned Records" in 1981, mention of reappraisal appeared infrequently in archival literature. Rapport's article presented attractive arguments for the reappraisal and deaccessioning of material in archival custody, and, since its appearance, the idea of appraisal as a one time activity to select documents for permanent preservation in an archival repository is seriously being questioned. A growing number of archivists are advocating reappraisal and deaccessioning as legitimate and necessary functions of archival work. This thesis reviews the current literature regarding reappraisal and deaccessioning. It identifies and discusses the various arguments put forth for reappraisal and deaccessioning, and assesses whether they are valid in terms of archival theory, methods and practice. Finally, it outlines a procedure for reappraisal and deaccessioning with consideration given to the legal, financial and adrninistrative implications or reappraisal and deaccessioning. This thesis concludes that systematic reappraisal is not a valid and justifiable archival activity, however, reappraisal and deaccessioning is sometimes warranted and necessary on a case by case basis.
Stochastic model of transcription factor-regulated gene expression
Creators: name: Karmakar, Rajesh
name: Bose, Indrani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a stochastic model of transcription factor (TF)-regulated gene expression. The model describes two genes: Gene A and Gene B which synthesize the TFs and the target gene proteins respectively. We show through analytic calculations that the TF fluctuations have a significant effect on the distribution of the target gene protein levels when the mean TF level falls in the highest sensitive region of the dose-response curve. We further study the effect of reducing the copy number of Gene A from two to one. The enhanced TF fluctuations yield results different from those in the deterministic case. The probability that the target gene protein level exceeds a threshold value is calculated with a knowledge of the probability density functions associated with the TF and target gene protein levels. Numerical simulation results for a more detailed stochastic model are shown to be in agreement with those obtained through analytic calculations. The relevance of these results in the context of the genetic disorder haploinsufficiency is pointed out. Some experimental observations on the haploinsufficiency of the tumour suppressor gene, Nkx3.1, are explained with the help of the stochastic model of TF-regulated gene expression.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in Physical Biology
Spherical Stein manifolds and the Weyl involution
Creators: name: Akhiezer, Dmitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is proved that a Stein manifold acted on by a connected compact Lie group is spherical if and only if there exists an antiholomorphic involution preserving each orbit of the action. This involution can be chosen equivariant with respect to a Weyl involution of the group.
description: 12 pages
The Pioneer Anomaly and a Machian Universe
Creators: name: Berman, Marcelo Samuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss astronomical and astrophysical evidence, which we relate to the principle of zero-total energy of the Universe, that imply several relations among the mass M, the radius R and the angular momentum L of a "large" sphere representing a Machian Universe. By calculating the angular speed, we find a peculiar centripetal acceleration for the Universe. This is an ubiquituous property that relates one observer to any observable. It turns out that this is exactly the anomalous acceleration observed on the Pioneers spaceships. We have thus, shown that this anomaly is to be considered a property of the Machian Universe. We discuss several possible arguments against our proposal.
description: 6 pages including front page. Published
(Re)Politicizing Digital Well-Being: Beyond User Engagements
Creators: name: Docherty, Niall
name: Biega, Asia J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The psychological costs of the attention economy are often considered through the binary of harmful design and healthy use, with digital well-being chiefly characterised as a matter of personal responsibility. This article adopts an interdisciplinary approach to highlight the empirical, ideological, and political limits of embedding this individualised perspective in computational discourses and designs of digital well-being measurement. We will reveal well-being to be a culturally specific and environmentally conditioned concept and will problematize user engagement as a universal proxy for well-being. Instead, the contributing factors of user well-being will be located in environing social, cultural, and political conditions far beyond the control of individual users alone. In doing so, we hope to reinvigorate the issue of digital well-being measurement as a nexus point of political concern, through which multiple disciplines can study experiences of digital ill as symptomatic of wider social inequalities and (capitalist) relations of power.
description: Published in Proceedings of CHI '22
Constraints on the unified dark energy-dark matter model from latest observational data
Creators: name: Wu, Puxun
name: Yu, Hongwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The generalized Chaplygin gas (GCG), is studied in this paper by using the latest observational data including 182 gold sample type Ia supernovae (Sne Ia) data, the ESSENCE Sne Ia data, the distance ratio from $z=0.35$ to $z=1089$ (the redshift of decoupling), the CMB shift parameter and the Hubble parameter data. Our results rule out the standard Chaplygin gas model ($α=1$) at the 99.7% confidence level, but allow for the $λCDM$ model ($α=0$) at the 68.3% confidence level. At a 95.4% confidence level, we obtain $w=-0.74_{-0.09}^{+0.10}$ and $α=-0.14_{-0.19}^{+0.30}$. In addition, we find that the phase transition from deceleration to acceleration occurs at redshift $z_{q=0}\sim 0.78-0.89$ at a $1σ$ confidence level for the GCG model.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures,accepted for publication in JCAP
On the false discovery rates of a frequentist: Asymptotic expansions
Creators: name: DasGupta, Anirban
name: Zhang, Tonglin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62F05 (Primary) 62F03, 62F15 (Secondary)

description: Consider a testing problem for the null hypothesis $H_0:θ\inΘ_0$. The standard frequentist practice is to reject the null hypothesis when the p-value is smaller than a threshold value $α$, usually 0.05. We ask the question how many of the null hypotheses a frequentist rejects are actually true. Precisely, we look at the Bayesian false discovery rate $δ_n=P_g(θ\inΘ_0|p-value
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/074921706000000699 in the IMS Lecture Notes--Monograph Series (http://www.imstat.org/publications/lecnotes.htm) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
A Luminous Quasar at Redshift 7.642
Creators: name: Wang, Feige
name: Yang, Jinyi
name: Fan, Xiaohui
name: Hennawi, Joseph F.
name: Barth, Aaron J.
name: Banados, Eduardo
name: Bian, Fuyan
name: Boutsia, Konstantina
name: Connor, Thomas
name: Davies, Frederick B.
name: Decarli, Roberto
name: Eilers, Anna-Christina
name: Farina, Emanuele Paolo
name: Green, Richard
name: Jiang, Linhua
name: Li, Jiang-Tao
name: Mazzucchelli, Chiara
name: Nanni, Riccardo
name: Schindler, Jan-Torge
name: Venemans, Bram
name: Walter, Fabian
name: Wu, Xue-Bing
name: Yue, Minghao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Distant quasars are unique tracers to study the formation of the earliest supermassive black holes (SMBHs) and the history of cosmic reionization. Despite extensive efforts, only two quasars have been found at $z\ge7.5$, due to a combination of their low spatial density and the high contamination rate in quasar selection. We report the discovery of a luminous quasar at $z=7.642$, J0313$-$1806, the most distant quasar yet known. This quasar has a bolometric luminosity of $3.6\times10^{13} L_\odot$. Deep spectroscopic observations reveal a SMBH with a mass of $(1.6\pm0.4) \times10^9M_\odot$ in this quasar. The existence of such a massive SMBH just $\sim$670 million years after the Big Bang challenges significantly theoretical models of SMBH growth. In addition, the quasar spectrum exhibits strong broad absorption line (BAL) features in CIV and SiIV, with a maximum velocity close to 20% of the speed of light. The relativistic BAL features, combined with a strongly blueshifted CIV emission line, indicate that there is a strong active galactic nucleus (AGN) driven outflow in this system. ALMA observations detect the dust continuum and [CII] emission from the quasar host galaxy, yielding an accurate redshift of $7.6423 \pm 0.0013$ and suggesting that the quasar is hosted by an intensely star-forming galaxy, with a star formation rate of $\rm\sim 200 ~M_\odot ~yr^{-1}$ and a dust mass of $\sim7\times10^7~M_\odot$. Followup observations of this reionization-era BAL quasar will provide a powerful probe of the effects of AGN feedback on the growth of the earliest massive galaxies.
description: 4 figures, 1 table; accepted for publication in ApJL
Might EPR particles communicate through a wormhole?
Creators: name: Santini, E. Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the two-particle wave function of an Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen system, given by a two dimensional relativistic scalar field model. The Bohm-de Broglie interpretation is applied and the quantum potential is viewed as modifying the Minkowski geometry. In this way an effective metric, which is analogous to a black hole metric in some limited region, is obtained in one case and a particular metric with singularities appears in the other case, opening the possibility, following Holland, of interpreting the EPR correlations as being originated by an effective wormhole geometry, through which the physical signals can propagate.
description: Corrected version, to appears in EPL
5. Pathologizing Poverty
Creators: name: Dey, Debolina
Publisher: name: Journal of Interdisciplinary History of Ideas
Year: 2021

description: This chapter looks at the pathologisation of poverty in the context of the New Poor Law (1834), its afterlife and the establishment of the Public Health Act (1848). It seeks to establish the connection between idioms of writing disease and the political process of pathologizing destitution—through the historical contiguity between discourses of disease and charity/relief. Taking Defoe's Journal of the Plague Year (1722) as a point of entry to look at the interchanges and the slippages between metaphorical and material uses of contagion, I examine closely the resonances of that metaphorical exchange in the Poor Law Commissioners’ Report (1834) and in Edwin Chadwick’s Sanitary Report (1842), that reformulated the traditional relationship of health and poverty leading to the establishment of the Public Health Act in 1848. Disease becomes a form, a trope, even a narrative device which categorizes a certain group of population as pathological, both metaphorically and through the inductive reasoning of commissioned reports. Thus ‘contagion’ is no longer just a noun and a medical term. By becoming a metaphor, it acquires adjectival potency—‘contagious’—through synonymous exchanges and thereby slips through generic specificities. Nonetheless, the metaphorical weight of what is diagnosed as ‘contagious’, especially within the framework of a legal commissioned report, still bears the scientificity of a medical term and provides legitimacy to this report. The fact that the laws on Public Health and sanitation came on the back of the amendment of a legislation that was meant for managing relief for the poor shows how closely the history of medicine is tied to the history of laws. Keywords: Contagion, Metaphor, Idioms of disease, Victorian, Public Health
description: Journal of Interdisciplinary History of Ideas, V. 9 N. 18 (2020): Epidemics and Regulations
Spectropolarimetric modeling of interacting Type II supernovae. Application to early-time observations of SN1998S
Creators: name: Dessart, Luc
name: Leonard, Douglas C.
name: Vasylyev, Sergiy S.
name: Hillier, D. John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-cadence surveys of the sky are revealing that a large fraction of red-supergiant (RSG) stars, which are progenitors of Type II-Plateau (II-P) supernovae (SNe), explode within circumstellar material (CSM). Such SNe II-P/CSM exhibit considerable diversity, with interaction signatures lasting from hours to days, potentially merging with the Type IIn subclass for which longer-duration interaction typically occurs. To tackle this growing sample of transients and to understand the pre-SN mass loss histories of RSGs, we train on the highest quality, spectropolarimetric observations of a young Type IIn SN taken to date: Those of SN1998S at ~5d after explosion. We design an approach based on a combination of radiation hydrodynamics with HERACLES and polarized radiative transfer with CMFGEN and LONG_POL. The adopted asymmetries are based on a latitudinal, depth- and time-independent, scaling of the density of 1D models of SNe II-P/CSM (e.g., model r1w6b with a `wind' mass-loss rate of 0.01Msun/yr used for SN2023ixf). For a pole-to-equator density ratio of five, we find that the polarization reaches, and then remains for days, at a maximum value of 1.0, 1.4, and 1.8% as the CSM extent is changed from 6, to 8 and 10x10^14cm. The polarization is independent of wavelength away from funnel-shaped depolarizations within emission lines. Our models implicate a significant depolarization at line cores, which we use to constrain the interstellar polarization of SN1998S. Our 2D, prolate ejecta models with moderate asymmetry match well the spectropolarimetric observations of SN1998S at 5d, supporting a polarization level of about ~2%. This study provides a framework for interpreting future spectropolarimetric observations of SNe II-P/CSM and SNe IIn and fostering a better understanding of the origin of their pre-SN mass loss.
description: Submitted to A&A Letters
Παράγοντες πρόκλησης κακώσεων σε αθλητές 8-15 ετών στην καλαθοσφαίριση:
Creators: name: Ποργιόπουλος, Στέργιος Βασιλείου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2011
Subjects: Καλαθοσφαίριση
Τραυματισμός
αγόρια
Basketball
Injury
Male

description: Ο σκοπός της έρευνας είναι να καθορίσει τους παράγοντες πρόκλησης κακώσεων στους νεαρούς αθλητές της καλαθοσφαίρισης. Όσο η συμμετοχή στο άθλημα αυξάνει και ο χαρακτήρας του παιχνιδιού γίνεται πιο βίαιος, τόσο γίνεται πιο επιτακτική η ανάγκη για τον καθορισμό των παραγόντων κινδύνου.Ο πληθυσμός της έρευνας (n= 300) αποτελείται από το σύνολο των νεαρών αθλητών καλαθοσφαίρισης ηλικίας 8 -15 ετών που συμμετείχαν στα αθλητικά σωματεία του Ν. Σερρών, κατά τα έτη 2008-2010. Τα δεδομένα συλλέχτηκαν με ερωτηματολόγια που συμπληρώθηκαν από τους αθλητές και τους προπονητές και αφορούσαν ηλικία, ύψος, βάρος, αθλητική ηλικία και τραυματισμούς.Τα δεδομένα αναλύθηκαν με τη χρήση χ²- test, ενώ οι παράγοντες καθορίστηκαν με τη χρήση multinomial logistic regretion.O πρωταρχικός παράγοντας κινδύνου είναι το βάρος (ρ= 0,019) και ακολουθούν η ηλικία (ρ< 0,001), η αθλητική ηλικία (ρ< 0,001), η προπόνηση (ρ= 0,035), το χρονικό σημείο (ρ< 0,001), η αγωνιστική ζώνη (ρ< 0,001), η αγωνιστική θέση (ρ< 0,001), το ύψος (ρ= 0,023), ο αιτιολογικός μηχανισμός (ρ< 0,001), ο ημερολογιακό μήνας (ρ< 0,001) και η φύση του τραυματισμού (ρ< 0,001).Οι σημαντικότεροι παράγοντες πρόκλησης τραυματισμού είναι το βάρος, η ηλικία, το ύψος, η προπόνηση, η αγωνιστική θέση, η επαφή, η ζώνη του γηπέδου, το χρονικό σημείο του αγώνα, ο ημερολογιακός μήνας και η φύση του τραύματος.
description: The purpose of this study is to determine the risk factors of injury that occur at young basketball athletes. As numbers of the participants in the specific sport are increasing and the character of the game becomes more violent, there is a necessity to determine the risk factors.The population of the study (n= 300) was the soum of the young basket players between the age of 8-15 that participated in the basketball teams of the Perfecture of Serres during the years of 2008-2010. Data was extracted from questionnaires filled in by the players and the coaches, regarding age, height, weight, athletic age and injuries. Data was analyzed by the use of x²- test and the risk factors were determined by the use of multinomial logistic regretion.The primary risk factors was found to be weight (p= 0,019), followed by age (p<0,001), athletic age (p<0,001), training (p= 0,035), time game point (p<0,001), court zone(p<0,001), game position (p<0,001), height (p= 0,023), causative mechanism (p<0,001), the month of the year (p<0,001) and the nature of injury (p<0,001).The most important risk factors concerning young male basketball players is weight, age, height, training, game position, contact, court zone, time point of the game, month of the year and the nature of injury
Nicea andata e ritorno
Creators: name: Curzel, Chiara
Publisher: name: Apulia Theologica
Year: 2025

description: Il contributo sintetizza contenuti, metodo e prospettive del convegno «Nicea andata e ritorno. Traiettorie di un Concilio» organizzato dall’Area patristica della Facoltà Teologica del Triveneto a Treviso il 14 ottobre 2023. L’esperienza del convegno ha visto coinvolti tutti i docenti dell’Area non solo a livello di progettazione e di organizzazione, ma attraverso i contributi offerti nella giornata di studio. Dopo un inquadramento storico-teologico, la prospettiva scelta, tra le tante possibili, è stata quella di privilegiare tre ambiti di particolare interesse in vista di una trasmissione contestualizzata ed efficace della fede, cioè il linguaggio adoperato, l’attenzione alle caratteristiche del territorio e i protagonisti impegnati nella predicazione che, nel nostro caso, sono i vescovi della provincia ecclesiastica di Aquileia.
description: Apulia Theologica, V. 10 N. 2 (2024): Apulia theologica vol. 10, fascicolo 2