cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment of OECD Countries 1991-2001
Creators: name: Gast, Michael W.
name: Gast, Michael W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: foreign direct investment and international trade
subject: multinational firms
subject: model with panel data

description: Using a fixed-effects panel data approach, FDI flows of 22 OECD countries are explained by gravity equations over the period 1991-2001. It is distinguished between all available observations, Intra-EU25 observations only, and observations not belonging to the EU25 area in order to control for EU-specific effects. Regressions are repeated with exports as dependent variable in order to capture diverging influences for trade flows. Changes in total market size and relative market size are important factors that lead both FDI and exports in the same direction. However, relative market size is only significant in the FDI equation when variation between the EU25 area and other investment is taken into account, thus indicating a concentration of FDI within Western and Central Europe. Stock market booms boost FDI but not exports. Differences in significance levels/signs of coefficients of political indicators and exchange rate changes indicate that exports are demand-driven while FDI is supply-driven. Year dummies interacted with country distance show that, overall, FDI and exports tended to flow less to distant countries over the period under consideration. However, this trend is reversed for exports within the EU25 area.
Survey # 51
Creators: name: Institut Für Demoskopie Allensbach
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: Coffee (3); movies (1); youth (1); Adenauer's policy (1); general treaty (1); western powers (2); reunification (1); smoking (11); radio (6); magazine readership (9); trade unions (2); federal government in Bonn (1); politics (1); cooking (17); luxuries (14).
Orthotropic cyclic stress-softening model for pure shear during repeated loading and unloading
Creators: name: Rickaby, S. R.
name: Scott, N. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 74B20, 74D10, 74L15

description: We derive an orthotropic model to describe the cyclic stress-softening of a carbon-filled rubber vulcanizate through multiple stress-strain cycles with increasing values of the maximum strain. We specialize the deformation to pure shear loading. As a result of strain-induced anisotropy following on from initial primary loading, the material may subsequently be described as orthotropic because in pure shear there are three different principal stretches so that the strain-induced anisotropy of the stress response is different in each of these three directions. We derive non-linear orthotropic models for the elastic response, stress relaxation and residual strain in order to model accurately the inelastic features associated with cyclic stress softening. We then develop an orthotropic version of the Arruda-Boyce eight-chain model of elasticity and then combine it with the ideas previously developed in this paper to produce an orthotropic constitutive relation for the cyclic stress-softening of a carbon-filled rubber vulcanizate. The model developed here includes the widely-occurring effects of hysteresis, stress-relaxation and residual strain. The model is found to compare well with experimental data. } {Mullins effect, stress-relaxation, hysteresis, residual strain, orthotropy.}
description: 21 pages, 5 figures, 31 references, 1 appendix
A Statistical Study of Gamma-Ray Emitting Solar Flares Observed with Yohkoh
Creators: name: Matsumoto, Yukari
name: Makishima, Kazuo
name: Kotoku, Jun'ichi
name: Yoshimori, Masato
name: Suga, Kazuharu
name: Kosugi, Takeo
name: Masuda, Satoshi
name: Morimoto, Kouji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamma-ray emitting solar flares observed with Yohkoh were analyzed from a statistical viewpoint. The four-band hard X-ray (15--95 keV) photometric data, taken with the Hard X-ray Telescope onboard Yohkoh, were utilized in combination with the spectro-photometric gamma-ray (0.2--30 MeV) data obtained with the Gamma-Ray Spectrometer. The GOES class was also incorporated. Out of 2788 X-ray flares observed from 1991 October to 2001 December, 178 events with strong hard X-ray emission were selected. Among them, 40 flares were further found to show significant gamma-ray emission. A fractal dimension analysis and multi-band color--color plots of the 40 flares suggest that their soft X-ray to MeV gamma-ray spectral energy distributions involve at least four independent parameters. These are: (1) the overall flare size; (2) the relative intensities of the thermal vs. non-thermal signals; (3) the gamma-ray to hard X-ray intensity ratio; and (4) the hard X-ray spectral slope. These results are examined for possible selection effects. Also, the meanings of the third parameter are briefly considered.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures, PASJ accepted
Modeling pattern formation in soft flowing crystals
Creators: name: Montessori, Andrea
name: Lauricella, Marco
name: Tiribocchi, Adriano
name: Succi, Sauro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a mesoscale representation of near-contact interactions between colliding droplets which permits to reach up to the scale of full microfluidic devices, where such droplets are produced. The method is demonstrated for the case of colliding droplets and the formation of soft flowing crystals in flow-focussing microfluidic devices. This model may open up the possibility of multiscale simulation of microfluidic devices for the production of new droplet/bubble-based mesoscale porous materials.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Thermal Energy Simulation of Buildings based on the CityGML Energy Application Domain Extension
Creators: name: Geiger, Andreas
name: Benner, Joachim
name: Häfele, Karl-Heinz
name: Hagenmeyer, Veit
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2018

description: The present paper describes a semi-automatic process, in which a typical CityGML 3D building model is enriched with explicit thermal energy related information and stored in a CityGML Application Domain Extension (ADE). Special emphasis is given to the discussion of suitability of existing CityGML models for city-wide energy simulations. Possible conflicts between the requirements of urban energy simulation systems, the capabilities of the CityGML Energy ADE and the available data are presented, which can be partly resolved by specific geometric / semantic corrections of the model data. For testing and evaluating the approach, interfaces for two building energy simulation systems have been developed.
From particle segregation to the granular clock
Creators: name: Lambiotte, R.
name: Salazar, J. M.
name: Brenig, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently several authors studied the segregation of particles for a system composed of mono-dispersed inelastic spheres contained in a box divided by a wall in the middle. The system exhibited a symmetry breaking leading to an overpopulation of particles in one side of the box. Here we study the segregation of a mixture of particles composed of inelastic hard spheres and fluidized by a vibrating wall. Our numerical simulations show a rich phenomenology: horizontal segregation and periodic behavior. We also propose an empirical system of ODEs representing the proportion of each type of particles and the segregation flux of particles. These equations reproduce the major features observed by the simulations.
description: 10 pages
The Effect of Developed-Country Pesticide Standards on Health and Pesticide-Induced Morbidity of Kenya's Green Bean Family Farmers
Creators: name: Okello, Julius Juma
name: Swinton, Scott M.
name: Okello, Julius Juma
name: Swinton, Scott M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: This paper examines the effects of compliance with developed country pesticide standards (DC-PS) on pesticide-related health costs and morbidity of developing country fresh vegetable growers. DC-PS require that farmers i) only use approved pesticides (usually less toxic to humans than ones used before), ii) apply pesticides only when pest scouting reveals the need to do so, and iii) handle, use, store and dispose off pesticides in ways that do not pose health threats to farm workers and farm family members. This paper uses survey regression to estimate a model of health costs of pesticide exposure (based on cost of illness approach) and survey poisson regression to estimate a model for use of protective devices. It finds that compliance with DC-PS reduces health costs of pesticide exposure and increases the use of protective devices. The findings imply that DC-PS have health benefits to developed country fresh export vegetable growers beyond acknowledged premium market access and therefore provide an opportunity for governments to partner with fresh produce exporters to promote safe use, storage and disposal of pesticides.
Trust and Control Dynamics in Agrifood Supply Networks: Communication Strategies for Electronic Transaction Environments
Creators: name: Fritz, Melanie
name: Hausen, Tobias
name: Fritz, Melanie
name: Hausen, Tobias
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Agricultural Markets Marketing
subject: Marketing
subject: Technological Change
subject: Social Norms
subject: Social Capital
subject: e-Commerce

description: Agrifood supply networks are dynamic structures where firms regularly face the need to search for new market partners. A decision for a transaction with a new partner requires the existence of appropriate control and safeguard mechanisms as well as trust to overcome perceived risk and uncertainties. Electronic transaction environments offer new potentials for the identification of new transaction partners. However, trust and control need to be communicated appropriately in electronic transaction environments for agrifood supply network scenarios. Problems for appropriate communication are posed by the complex interrelation between trust and control in transaction processes and their dynamically changing importance in a transaction relation. This paper contributes to the development of appropriate trust and control communication strategies in e-commerce as it analyzes the occurrence of trust and control elements in the phases of a transaction in the agrifood sector.
Thermal vulnerability detection in integrated electronic and photonic circuits using IR thermography
Creators: name: Hussain, Bilal
name: Jalil, Bushra
name: Pascali, Maria Antonietta
name: Imran, Muhammad
name: Serafino, Giovanni
name: Moroni, Davide
name: Ghelfi, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4

description: Failure prediction of any electrical/optical component is crucial for estimating its operating life. Using high temperature operating life (HTOL) tests, it is possible to model the failure mechanisms for integrated circuits. Conventional HTOL standards are not suitable for operating life prediction of photonic components owing to their functional dependence on thermo-optic effect. This work presents an IR-assisted thermal vulnerability detection technique suitable for photonic as well as electronic components. By accurately mapping the thermal profile of an integrated circuit under a stress condition, it is possible to precisely locate the heat center for predicting the long-term operational failures within the device under test. For the first time, the reliability testing is extended to a fully functional microwave photonic system using conventional IR thermography. By applying image fusion using affine transformation on multimodal acquisition, it was demonstrated that by comparing the IR profile and GDSII layout, it is possible to accurately locate the heat centers along with spatial information on the type of component. Multiple IR profiles of optical as well as electrical components/circuits were acquired and mapped onto the layout files. In order to ascertain the degree of effectiveness of the proposed technique, IR profiles of CMOS RF and digital circuits were also analyzed. The presented technique offers a reliable automated identification of heat spots within a circuit/system.
description: 2020 Optical Society of America. One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic reproduction and distribution, duplication of any material in this paper for a fee or for commercial purposes, or modifications of the content of this paper are prohibited
Super Helium-Rich Population and the Origin of Extreme Horizontal-Branch Stars in Globular Clusters
Creators: name: Lee, Young-Wook
name: Joo, Seok-Joo
name: Han, Sang-Il
name: Chung, Chul
name: Ree, Chang H.
name: Sohn, Young-Jong
name: Kim, Yong-Cheol
name: Yoon, Suk-Jin
name: Yi, Sukyoung K.
name: Demarque, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations for the color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) of the massive globular cluster Omega Centauri have shown that it has a striking double main sequence (MS), with a minority population of bluer and fainter MS well separated from a majority population of MS stars. Here we confirm, with the most up-to-date Y2 isochrones, that this special feature can only be reproduced by assuming a large variation (Delta Y = 0.15) of primordial helium abundance among several distinct populations in this cluster. We further show that the same helium enhancement required for this special feature on the MS can by itself reproduce the extreme horizontal-branch (HB) stars observed in Omega Cen, which are hotter than normal HB stars. Similarly, the complex features on the HBs of other globular clusters, such as NGC 2808, are explained by large internal variations of helium abundance. Supporting evidence for the helium-rich population is also provided by the far-UV (FUV) observations of extreme HB stars in these clusters, where the enhancement of helium can naturally explain the observed fainter FUV luminosity for these stars. The presence of super helium-rich populations in some globular clusters suggests that the third parameter, other than metallicity and age, also influences CMD morphology of these clusters.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters
Exactly Integrable Analogue of a One-dimensional Gravitating System
Creators: name: Miller, Bruce N.
name: Yawn, Kenneth R.
name: Maier, Bill
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exchange symmetry in acceleration partitions the configuration space of an N particle, one-dimensional, gravitational system into N! equivalent cells. We take advantage of the resulting small angular extent of each cell to construct a related integrable version of the system that takes the form of a central force problem in N-1 dimensions. The properties of the latter, including the construction of trajectories, as well as several continuum limits, are developed. Dynamical simulation is employed to compare the two models. For a class of initial conditions, excellent agreement is observed.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, revtex4
Structural Characterization of Self-Assembled Monolayers of Organosilanes Chemically Bonded on Silica Wafers by Dynamical Force Microscopy
Creators: name: Navarre, Sébastien
name: Choplin, Franck
name: Bousbaa, J.
name: Bennetau, Bernard
name: Nony, Laurent
name: Aimé, Jean-Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, a dynamical force microscopy study of self-assembled monolayers of organosilanes, grafted on a silica support, is reported. Organosilanes, terminated either with a functional group (ethylene glycol) or with a methyl group, were used. The influence of the reaction time and the solvent composition on the grafting was investigated to improve the homogeneity of the self-assembled monolayers. Numerical simulations of approach-retract curves, obtained in the tapping mode, were performed and compared to experimental ones. Informations, such as mechanical response and height of the grafted organic layers, have been obtained.
Self-sustained oscillations in a Large Magneto-Optical Trap
Creators: name: Labeyrie, Guillaume
name: Michaud, Franck
name: Kaiser, Robin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have observed self-sustained radial oscillations in a large magneto-optical trap (MOT), containing up to $10^{10}$ Rb$^{85}$ atoms. This instability is due to the competition between the confining force of the MOT and the repulsive interaction associated with multiple scattering of light inside the cold atomic cloud. A simple analytical model allows us to formulate a criterion for the instability threshold, in fair agreement with our observations. This criterion shows that large numbers of trapped atoms $N>10^9$ are required to observe this unstable behavior.
description: submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett. 4 pages, 3 figures
An Empirical Analysis of Agglomeration Effect in the Japanese Food Industry -Panel Analysis Using Flexible Translog Production Function-
Creators: name: Kageyama, Masahiro
name: Tokunaga, Suminori
name: Akune, Yuko
name: Kageyama, Masahiro
name: Tokunaga, Suminori
name: Akune, Yuko
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agglomeration
subject: Japanese food industry
subject: Panel data analysis
subject: Flexible translog production functions

description: In this paper, we examine the existence of agglomeration effect on production in the Japanese food industry from 1985 to 2000 using plant-level 4-digit subclassification, panel dataset and new agglomeration index in Akune and Tokunaga (2005), and Tokunaga, Kageyama, and Akune (2005), based on Ellison and Glaeser (1997). This is an improvement on the the conventional indices such as Location Quotient (LQ) or Location Gini Coefficient (L).When we apply a flexible translog production function and cost share equation as suggested by Kim (1992), we find that around 2% of positive agglomeration effect exists in absence of any restriction on homotheticity in the the case of employment based agglomeration (Gamma EG ).
[Letter from Jean-Baptiste Edouard Bornet]
Creators: name: Bornet, Jean-Baptiste Edouard
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1900
Subjects: Sauvageau, Camille
Bouvier, Eugène Louis
Weber van Bosse, Anna Antoinette

description: Expresses gratitude for receiving a brochure. Has made changes in the nomenclature after his instructions, except for one specimen of Lithothamnion crassum collected in Florida by Wordermann. Is forwarding calcareous algae collected by Camille Sauvageau in Bretagne. Has sent a large Lithothamnion collected on the Cape Verde Island. Anna Antoinette Weber van Bosse has returned to Europe and has changed her address.
Population Extinction on a Random Fitness Seascape
Creators: name: Ottino-Löffler, Bertrand
name: Kardar, Mehran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Models of population growth and extinction are an increasingly popular subject of study. However, consequences of stochasticity and noise in shaping distributions and outcomes are not sufficiently explored. Here we consider a distributed population with logistic growth at each location, subject to "seascape" noise, wherein the population's fitness randomly varies with {\it location and time}. Despite its simplicity, the model actually incorporates variants of directed percolation, and directed polymers in random media, within a mean-field perspective. Probability distributions of the population can be computed self-consistently; and the extinction transition is shown to exhibit novel critical behavior with exponents dependent on the ratio of the strengths of migration and noise amplitudes. The results are compared and contrasted with the more conventional choice of demographic noise due to stochastic changes in reproduction.
Επίπτωση Μυοκαρδίτιδας μετά από Covid-19 mRna εμβολιασμό. Ανασκοπική μελέτη
Creators: name: Δημητριάδου, Ελένη Γεωργίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2025
Subjects: Μυοκαρδίτιδα
Covid 19
Εμβολιασμός
Myocarditis
Vaccination

description: Η μυοκαρδίτιδα, η οποία είναι μια φλεγμονή του καρδιακού μυός, αν και σπάνια έχει σημειωθεί ως πιθανή ανεπιθύμητη ενέργεια αυτών των εμβολίων. Η παρούσα ανασκοπική μελέτη διερευνά την εμφάνιση μυοκαρδίτιδας μετά τη χορήγηση των εμβολίων Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2) και Moderna (mRNA-1273) κατά του Covid-19. Για την παρούσα μελέτη, τα δεδομένα συλλέχθηκαν από διάφορες πηγές που περιλάμβαναν μελέτες παρακολούθησης και ιατρικές βάσεις δεδομένων. Οι περισσότεροι ασθενείς με μυοκαρδίτιδα μετά τον εμβολιασμό τείνουν να αναρρώνουν πλήρως με αντιφλεγμονώδη φάρμακα και συντηρητική θεραπεία, ενώ τυπικά, δεν εκδηλώνονται θάνατοι ή σοβαρές δευτερογενείς καταστάσεις. Παρόλο που η συχνότητα της μυοκαρδίτιδας έχει αποδειχθεί ότι αυξάνεται σε ορισμένες ομάδες πληθυσμού μετά τον εμβολιασμό με mRNA, τα πλεονεκτήματα του εμβολιασμού ξεπερνούν σαφώς τα μειονεκτήματα. Για το λόγο αυτό, απαιτείται πιο εξελιγμένη επιτήρηση και έρευνα για να διερευνηθεί βαθύτερα η παθοφυσιολογία και να βρεθούν πιο εκλεπτυσμένες προληπτικές και θεραπευτικές στρατηγικές. Οι πάροχοι υγειονομικής περίθαλψης πρέπει να αναγνωρίσουν την πιθανότητα μυοκαρδίτιδας, ώστε να μπορούν να διασφαλίσουν την έγκαιρη διάγνωση και την έναρξη της θεραπείας. Η εκπαίδευση του κοινού σχετικά με τα οφέλη και τους κινδύνους των εμβολίων είναι ζωτικής σημασίας και τέτοιες πληροφορίες συμβάλλουν στη διατήρηση της εμπιστοσύνης στα εμβόλια.
description: Myocarditis, which is an inflammation of the heart muscle, although rare has been noted as a possible side effect of these vaccines. The present retrospective study investigates the occurrence of myocarditis after the administration of the Pfizer-BioNTech (BNT162b2) and Moderna (mRNA-1273) vaccines against Covid-19. For the present study, data were collected from several sources including follow-up studies and medical databases. Most patients with post-vaccination myocarditis tend to make a full recovery with anti-inflammatory drugs and conservative treatment, and typically, no deaths or serious secondary conditions occur. Although the incidence of myocarditis has been shown to increase in some population groups after mRNA vaccination, the advantages of vaccination clearly outweigh the disadvantages. For this reason, more sophisticated surveillance and research is needed to further explore the pathophysiology and find more refined preventive and therapeutic strategies. Healthcare providers must recognize the possibility of myocarditis so they can ensure early diagnosis and initiation of treatment. Educating the public about the benefits and risks of vaccines is vital, and such information helps maintain confidence in vaccines.
Deforestation and world population sustainability: a quantitative analysis
Creators: name: Bologna, Mauro
name: Aquino, Gerardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we afford a quantitative analysis of the sustainability of current world population growth in relation to the parallel deforestation process adopting a statistical point of view. We consider a simplified model based on a stochastic growth process driven by a continuous time random walk, which depicts the technological evolution of human kind, in conjunction with a deterministic generalised logistic model for humans-forest interaction and we evaluate the probability of avoiding the self-destruction of our civilisation. Based on the current resource consumption rates and best estimate of technological rate growth our study shows that we have very low probability, less than 10% in most optimistic estimate, to survive without facing a catastrophic collapse.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Possible Pairing Symmetry of Three-dimensional Superconductor UPt$_3$ -- Analysis Based on a Microscopic Calculation --
Creators: name: Shinkai, Shogo
name: Yamada, Kosaku
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stimulated by the anomalous superconducting properties of UPt$_3$, we investigate the pairing symmetry and the transition temperature in the two-dimensional(2D) and three-dimensional(3D) hexagonal Hubbard model. We solve the Eliashberg equation using the third order perturbation theory with respect to the on-site repulsion $U$. As results of the 2D calculation, we obtain distinct two types of stable spin-triplet pairing states. One is the $f$-wave(B$_1$) pairing around $n = 1.2$ and in a small $U$ region, which is caused by the ferromagnetic fluctuation. Then, the other is the $p_x$(or $p_y$)-wave(E$_1$) pairing in large $U$ region far from the half-filling ($n = 1$) which is caused by the vertex corrections only. However, we find that the former $f$-wave pairing is destroyed by introduced 3D dispersion. This is because the 3D dispersion breaks the favorable structures for the $f$-wave pairing such as the van Hove singularities and the small pocket structures. Thus, we conclude that the ferromagnetic fluctuation mediated spin-triplet state can not explain the superconductivity of UPt$_3$. We also study the case of the pairing symmetry with a polar gap. This $p_z$-wave(A$_1$) is stabilized by the large hopping integral along c-axis $t_z$. It is nearly degenerate with the suppressed $p_x$(or $p_y$)-wave(E$_1$) in the best fitting parameter region to UPt$_3$ ($1.3 \le t_z \le 1.5$). These two p-wave pairing states exist in the region far from the half-filling, in which the vertex correction terms play crucial roles like the case in Sr$_2$RuO$_4$.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures
Additional file 1 of Microencapsulation of cellular aggregates composed of differentiated insulin and glucagon-producing cells from human mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue
Creators: name: Jara, Claudia
name: Oyarzun-Ampuero, Felipe
name: Carrión, Flavio
name: González-Echeverría, Esteban
name: Cappelli, Claudio
name: Caviedes, Pablo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 1. Materials and Methods. Table S1. Analysis of mesenchymal stem cell markers in hASC by flow cytometry. Table S2. Diameters of microencapsulated BSA and SpA proteins in 1.5% sodium alginate.
Deregulation of the Maize Marketing System of Swaziland and Implications for Food Security
Creators: name: Mashinini, Nkosazana N.
name: Obi, Ajuruchukwu
name: Van Schalkwyk, Herman D.
name: Mashinini, Nkosazana N.
name: Obi, Ajuruchukwu
name: Van Schalkwyk, Herman D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Food Security and Poverty

description: Recent shortfalls in the supply of maize in the Kingdom of Swaziland have exacerbated the country's growing food insecurity and led to fresh calls for full deregulation of the maize marketing system. The proponents of deregulation believe that it eliminates inefficient production and service units by transferring resources to their best alternative uses. While the theoretical foundations for that position are not questionable, no studies have to date explicitly investigated the effects of the current arrangements and the potential effects of full deregulation. This paper reports on a study that examined the welfare effects of the regulation of the country's maize industry and considered the likely impacts of full deregulation of the industry. Using a partial equilibrium model, the study established that the current market arrangements for the maize industry are distortionary and make the maize marketing system of Swaziland highly uncompetitive. The results show that high efficiency losses result from the misallocation of productive resources and that these have been rising over the years. Consumption deadweight losses were also shown to be equally serious and put at risk the attainment of food security for the generality of the Swazi population. The paper sees deregulation as an important practical step to improve the competitiveness of the maize industry and enhance food security through creating the basis for more effective management of the internal maize distribution channel in Swaziland.
Probabilistic Analysis of Power Network Susceptibility to GICs
Creators: name: Heyns, M. J.
name: Lotz, S. I.
name: Gaunt, C. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As reliance on power networks has increased over the last century, the risk of damage from geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) has become a concern to utilities. The current state of the art in GIC modelling requires significant geophysical modelling and a theoretically derived network response, but has limited empirical validation. In this work, we introduce a probabilistic engineering step between the measured geomagnetic field and GICs, without needing data about the power system topology or the ground conductivity profiles. The resulting empirical ensembles are used to analyse the TVA network (south-eastern USA) in terms of peak and cumulative exposure to 5 moderate to intense geomagnetic storms. Multiple nodes are ranked according to susceptibility and the measured response of the total TVA network is further calibrated to existing extreme value models. The probabilistic engineering step presented can complement present approaches, being particularly useful for risk assessment of existing transformers and power systems.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures, accepted for PMAPS 2020
Meta-Analysis of General and Partial Equilibrium Simulations of Doha Round Outcomes
Creators: name: Hess, Sebastian
name: Von Cramon-Taubadel, Stephan
name: Hess, Sebastian
name: Von Cramon-Taubadel, Stephan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Meta-analysis
subject: CGE
subject: Partial Equilibrium
subject: Trade Liberalization
subject: C00
subject: C23
subject: C68
subject: F10

description: Quantification of welfare changes due to trade liberalisation play a crucial role for political decision making. However, meaningful comparisons of simulation results from different sources are difficult. Often significant differences in simulated gains from liberalisation do not serve to increase confidence in quantitative assessments based on trade models. We employ a metaanalysis of applied trade simulations under the WTO Doha Round to identify model characteristics that influence the magnitude of simulation results, and to estimate the magnitude of this influence. Findings from our simple econometric model are plausible and show that each simulation experiment represents a complex interaction of experimental settings that may not easily be understood by and communicated to non-experts. Meta-analysis proves to be a useful tool for empirically assessing this complexity.
Leading Cruise Control in Mixed Traffic Flow
Creators: name: Wang, Jiawei
name: Zheng, Yang
name: Chen, Chaoyi
name: Xu, Qing
name: Li, Keqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications have a great potential to improve traffic system performance. Most existing work of connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) focused on adaptation to downstream traffic conditions, neglecting the impact of CAVs' behaviors on upstream traffic flow. In this paper, we introduce a notion of Leading Cruise Control (LCC) that retains the basic car-following operation and explicitly considers the influence of the CAV's actions on the vehicles behind. We first present a detailed modeling process for LCC. Then, rigorous controllability analysis verifies the feasibility of exploiting the CAV as a leader to actively lead the motion of its following vehicles. Besides, the head-to-tail transfer function is derived for LCC under adequate employment of V2V connectivity. Numerical studies confirm the potential of LCC to strengthen the capability of CAVs in suppressing traffic instabilities and smoothing traffic flow.
description: Accepted by the 59th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC 2020); 7 pages, 5 figures
Assessment Strategic Research Extension Plan (SREP) Methodology for Upscaling and Institutionalisation of R-E-F Linkages
Creators: name: Reddy, G.P.
name: Sontakki, B.S.
name: Rao, V.K.J.
name: Shenoy, Sandhya
name: Reddy, G.P.
name: Sontakki, B.S.
name: Rao, V.K.J.
name: Shenoy, Sandhya
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: The main goal of the Innovations in Technology Dissemination (ITD)component of the National Agricultural Technology Project (NATP) is to increase farmers input into programme planning and resource allocation especially at the block level and to increase accountabili ty of stakeholders. Further, it is also to increase the programme coordination and integration so that program thrust such as Farming System Innovation, Farmers' Organization, Technical Gaps, and Natural Resource Management can be more effectively and efficiently implemented. Objectives : To review the SREP methodology followed in the pilot districts with a focus on linkages and identification and prioritization of research, extension and development issues; To analyze the mechanism followed in each state for implementation of SREP outputs in operationalizing strategies evolved; To identify the gaps in SREP methodology and its implementation process and suggest appropriate measures to overcome the gaps; and To evolve future directions for up-scaling and institutionalization of SREP approach systems, structures and functional dimensions.
Modelling the Impact of Credit on Intensification in Mixed Crop-Livestock Systems: A Case Study from Ethiopia
Creators: name: Ahmed, Mohamed A. M.
name: Preckel, Paul V.
name: Ehui, Simeon K.
name: Ahmed, Mohamed A. M.
name: Preckel, Paul V.
name: Ehui, Simeon K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Agricultural Finance

description: Access to credit is one strategy for promoting the adoption of yield-enhancing technologies. However, advancing credit to smallholder farmers for encouraging technology adoption is a complex policy issue. The objective of this paper is to identify appropriate and sustainable credit repayment policies to encourage intensification in the Ethiopian Highlands. Using a household model, we analyze the impact of advancing in-kind credit in the form of fertilizer and seed to smallholder farmers in the Ethiopian highlands and alternative credit repayment strategies. The results indicate that in kind input credit of fertilizer and seed provided to farmers in the highland of Ethiopia increased the value of household crop output moderately and hence allowed the household to increase its consumption. This scheme requires borrowers to sell their crop immediately at harvest to repay their credit. An alternative repayment scheme of extending the repayment period to allow households to capture seasonal price variation is proposed. The amount repaid is also tied to yields of wheat.
A pixel-based approach to massive lesion detection in X-ray mammography
Creators: name: Gori, Ilaria
name: Retico, Alessandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A system for the automated detection of massive lesions in mammograms is presented. The approach we adopted is a pixel-based and multi-level one. Each pixel in a mammogram is flagged with the appropriate class membership, e.g. massive lesions or normal breast tissue.
description: 1 page, Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery, Proceedings of the 19th International Congress and Exhibition, Berlin, June 22 - 25, 2005
Monetary Impacts and Overshooting of Agricultural Prices in a Transition Economy: The Case of Slovenia
Creators: name: Bakucs, Lajos Zoltan
name: Bojnec, Stefan
name: Ferto, Imre
name: Bakucs, Lajos Zoltan
name: Bojnec, Stefan
name: Ferto, Imre
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: agricultural prices
subject: exchange rates
subject: monetary shocks
subject: overshooting
subject: transition economy

description: The paper focus on the time adjustment paths of the exchange rate and agricultural producer and industrial prices in response to unanticipated monetary shocks following model developed by Saghaian et al. (2002). We employ Johansen's cointegration test along with a vector error correction model to investigate whether agricultural producer prices overshoot in a transition economy. Results indicate that agricultural prices adjust faster than industrial prices to innovations in the money supply, affecting relative prices in the short run, but strict long-run money neutrality does not hold. The impulse response analysis shows that an exogenous shock to the money supply has a significant and volatile effect on the three price variables. Initially, both the agricultural producer prices and industrial prices undershoot their long-run path. Industrial prices recover in the fourth, agricultural producer prices in sixth month. The extent of overshooting in agricultural prices is twice as large as for exchange rates or industrial prices. This indicates that in the case of monetary shocks the sectors associated with flexible changes bear the burden of adjustment vis-à-vis the sectors with sticky changes. The exchange rate pass-through on agricultural producer prices revealed by the forecast error variance analysis indicates the relatively greater importance of the exchange rate than the money supply in explaining the expected variation of the agricultural producer price. This is consistent with floating exchange rate policy, while agricultural trade policy for sensitive products has been more restricted until Slovenia joined the European Union.
Stable magnetic fields in stellar interiors
Creators: name: Braithwaite, J.
name: Nordlund, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the 50-year old hypothesis that the magnetic fields of the Ap stars are stable equilibria that have survived in these stars since their formation. With numerical simulations we find that stable magnetic field configurations indeed appear to exist under the conditions in the radiative interior of a star. Confirming a hypothesis by Prendergast (1956), the configurations have roughly equal poloidal and toroidal field strengths. We find that tori of such twisted fields can form as remnants of the decay of an unstable random initial field. In agreement with observations, the appearance at the surface is an approximate dipole with smaller contributions from higher multipoles, and the surface field strength can increase with the age of the star. The results of this paper were summarised by Braithwaite & Spruit (2004).
description: 19 pages, 24 figures, submitted to A&A
Self-Organization in Agricultural Sectors and the Relevance of Complex Systems Approaches for Applied Economics
Creators: name: Noell, Christian
name: Noell, Christian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Institutional and Behavioral Economics

description: The paper attempts to highlight the question, if modern complex systems theory can be a relevant and useful tool for agricultural economics and other applied economic disciplines and how. Focus is on the consequences of self-organization, an emergent property of large systems with many components. The proposition is made that economic systems are indeed selforganizing systems and some explorative data analysis, that is a test for power law distributions in the sectors economic changes, is carried out on Danish agricultural sectors, particularly the pork sector. The results suggest that power law distributions exist in the analyzed sectors, which is seen as an indication of self-organization in the sectors under investigation and specifically for "self-organized criticality". If economic systems in fact turn out to be self-organizing, should they not also have similar systems characteristics as other complex systems like attractors, fractal structures, synchronity and other higher emergent system properties? What would be the consequences for the way economic systems, their internal dynamics and external regulation are understood in general economics and particularly in applied economics? The read thread through this paper is an attempt to highlight these questions systematically in a first overview. Then we will turn away from the pork sector example and extend our view to other properties of complex systems and to the "nature" of complex systems in general. Different systems concepts from Boulding´s hierarchy of systems ("clockwork"-, "control"-, "open"-systems) are connected to different economic theories by the question how complexity is dealt with in economic disciplines. Finally ten "lessons learnt" are suggested about how complex systems theory could be made useful in applied economics disciplines and how it could change the way real world economic systems are perceived, analyzed and regulated.
Ägypten. Schätze aus dem Wüstensand
Creators: name: Scholz, Piotr O.
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 82 (1998): Oriens christianus, Band 82
[Letter from Ethel Sarel Barton]
Creators: name: Barton, Ethel Sarel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1900
Subjects: Judd, John Wesley

description: Clearing up misunderstandings with the slide that was sent: "Branching Lithothamnion off Tulaga", it was dredged. Offers to send another one if the present slide are not sufficiently good.
description: Handwritten comments.
Interactions Among Non-Interacting Particles in Planet Formation Simulations
Creators: name: Peng, Shirui
name: Batygin, Konstantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the course of the recent decades, $N$-body simulations have become a standard tool for quantifying the gravitational perturbations that ensue in planet-forming disks. Within the context of such simulations, massive non-central bodies are routinely classified into "big" and "small" particles, where big objects interact with all other objects self-consistently, while small bodies interact with big bodies but not with each other. Importantly, this grouping translates to an approximation scheme where the orbital evolution of small bodies is dictated entirely by the dynamics of the big bodies, yielding considerable computational advantages with little added cost in terms of astrophysical accuracy. Here we point out, however, that this scheme can also yield spurious dynamical behaviour, where even in absence of big bodies within a simulation, indirect coupling among small bodies can lead to excitation of the constituent "non-interacting" orbits. We demonstrate this self-stirring by carrying out a sequence of numerical experiments, and confirm that this effect is largely independent of the time-step or the employed integration algorithm. Furthermore, adopting the growth of angular momentum deficit as a proxy for dynamical excitation, we explore its dependence on time, the cumulative mass of the system, as well as the total number of particles present in the simulation. Finally, we examine the degree of such indirect excitation within the context of conventional terrestrial planet formation calculations, and conclude that although some level of caution may be warranted, this effect plays a negligible role in driving the simulated dynamical evolution.
A small X-ray corona of the narrow-angle tail radio galaxy NGC 1265 soaring through the Perseus cluster
Creators: name: Sun, M.
name: Jerius, D.
name: Jones, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A deep Chandra observation of NGC 1265 (3C 83.1B), the prototype for the narrow-angled-tailed (NAT) radio galaxy, reveals a small cool X-ray thermal corona (~ 0.6 keV) embedded in the hot ICM of the Perseus cluster (~ 6.7 keV). The corona is asymmetric with a sharp edge (~ 2.2'', or 0.8 kpc from the nucleus) to the south and an extension to the north (at least ~ 8'' from the nucleus), which is interpreted as the action of ram pressure while solely the static ICM confinement is unable to explain. We estimate that the corona is moving with a velocity of ~ 2.4 - 4.2 times the local sound speed to the south. The presence of the sharp edge for this small corona indicates that the transport processes are largely suppressed by the magnetic field there. The magnetic field around the corona also suppresses heat conduction by at least a factor of ~ 60 across the corona boundary. We conclude that it is unrealistic to study the interaction of the small X-ray coronae with the hot ICM without the consideration of the roles that magnetic field plays, a factor not included in current simulations. An absorbed (N_H=1.5-3x10^22 cm^-2) nucleus is also detected, which is not usual for FR I radio galaxies. Weak X-ray emission from three inner radio knots in the jets is also detected. Indentations at the east and west of the corona indicate interaction between the jets and the X-ray corona. Narrow jets carry great amounts of energy out of the central AGN and release the energy outside the corona, preserving the tiny and vulnerable corona. This case reveals that the inner kpc core of the corona of massive galaxies can survive both high-speed stripping and powerful AGN feedback. Thus, the cooling of the X-ray coronae potentially provides fuel to the central SMBH in rich environments where the amount of the galactic cold gas is at a minimum.
description: revised version, 11 pages, 4 figures, emulateapj5.sty, accepted by ApJ, for the version with high-resolution figures (http://hea-www.harvard.edu/~msun/n1265.ps)