Charidia ronda Zhang & Cong & Grishin 2023, new species
Creators: name: Zhang, Jing
name: Cong, Qian
name: Grishin, Nick V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Hesperiidae
Charidia
Charidia ronda

description: Charidia ronda Grishin, new species   
https://zoobank.org/ B46214EB-61ED-4174-8AAA-AF92820DF9BF  
(Fig. 2 part, 47–48, 260–261)  
 Definition and diagnosis. Sister to Charidia lucaria (Hewitson, 1868) (type locality in French Guiana) and keys to it (E.48.1(b)) in Evans (1953) but is genetically differentiated from it in nuclear genome at the level more typical for species-level taxa (Fig. 2), with the COI barcode distance of 1.5% (10 bp). Differs from its relatives by the following combination of characters: males with more extensive orange-yellow scaling on ventral side, e.g., forewing tornal spots larger, hindwing overscaling more prominent towards tornus (Fig. 48) (yellow overscaling is equally extensive at the end of the discal cell and the hindwing base in more boldly patterned C. lucaria specimens), and costa-ampulla strongly humped (Fig 261); females with wide yellowish area on ventral hindwing with broadly brown costal margin and somewhat paler than the brown ground color subapical band on ventral forewing. Due to the cryptic nature of this species, most reliable identification is achieved by DNA and a combination of the following base pairs is diagnostic in the nuclear genome: aly283.5.1:T359C, aly283.5.1:G429A, aly502.6.3:C325T, aly1937.18.2:C52A, aly 2202.3.1:A55T, and COI barcode: A73G, T421C, T460C, C529A, A550G.   
 Barcode sequence of the holotype. Sample NVG-18027F08, GenBank OR837643, 658 base pairs: AACTTTATATTTTATTTTTGGAATTTGAGCAGGAATAGTAGGAACTTCTTTAAGTTTATTAATTCGAACTGAGCTAGGAAATCCAGGATCTTTAATT GGAAATGATCAAATTTATAATACTATTGTTACTGCTCATGCATTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTAATACCAATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGAAATT GACTAGTACCCCTTATACTAGGAAGTCCAGATATAGCTTTCCCACGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTATTACCCCCATCTCTTATATTATTAAT TTCAAGAAGTATTGTAGAAAATGGAGCAGGAACTGGATGAACAGTTTATCCCCCTCTTTCTGCTAATATTGCTCATCAAGGTTCATCTGTAGACTTA GCAATTTTTTCATTACATTTAGCTGGAATTTCCTCAATTTTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATTACCACTATTATCAATATACGAGTAAATAATCTATCAT TTGATCAAATACCATTATTTGTATGAGCTGTAGGAATTACAGCATTACTTTTATTACTATCATTGCCTGTATTAGCAGGAGCTATTACTATATTATT AACTGATCGAAATTTAAATACATCATTTTTTGATCCTGCTGGAGGAGGAGATCCAATTTTATATCAACATTTATTT   
 Type material. Holotype: ♂ currently deposited in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA (USNM), illustrated in Fig. 47–48, bears the following five rectangular labels, four white: [BRASIL: Rondonia | 6km S Cacaulandia | Rio Pardo | 21 November 1993 | Brian Harris], [Charidia | lucaria], [DNA sample ID: | NVG-18027F08 | c/o Nick V. Grishin], [USNMENT | {QR Code} | 01465190], and one red [HOLOTYPE ♂ | Charidia | ronda Grishin]. Paratypes: 1♂ and 1♀ from Brazil: Rondonia [MGCL]: 1♂ NVG-15093G03 Cacaulandia, Fazenda Rancho Grande, 12-Nov-1995, D. and J. Lindsley leg.; 1♀ NVG-15093G04 5 km S of Cacaulandia, linea C-10 at Rio Pardo off B-65, 7-Jul-1994, O. Gomes leg.   
 Type locality. Brazil: Rondônia, 6 km S of Cacaulandia, Rio Pardo.   
 Etymology. The name is given for the type locality in Rond [oni] a and is a noun in apposition.   
 Distribution. Currently known only from the area around the type locality in Rondônia, Brazil.
description: Published as part of Zhang, Jing, Cong, Qian & Grishin, Nick V., 2023, Supplementary Materials and Appendix, pp. 1-115 in Insecta Mundi 2023 (26) on pages 23-24, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10396362