cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
(400926) Leopold Francis Palmer
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Incidental CT findings of intussusception: to call or not to call the surgeon?
Creators: name: MAVROPOULOU, XANTHIPPI
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: CT
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Motility
subject: Obstruction / Occlusion

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: - To familiarize with transient intussusception (T.I) - To review imaging appearances suggesting T.I. - To discuss the role of radiologist in...
On the span of lattice points in a parallelepiped
Creators: name: Celaya, Marcel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52B20, 52B05, 11M20

description: Let $Λ\subset\mathbf{R}^{n}$ be a lattice which contains the integer lattice $\mathbf{Z}^{n}$. We characterize the space of linear functions $\mathbf{R}^{n}\rightarrow\mathbf{R}$ which vanish on the lattice points of $Λ$ lying in the half-open unit cube $[0,1)^{n}$. We also find an explicit formula for the dimension of the linear span of $Λ\cap[0,1)^{n}$. The results in this paper generalize and are based on the Terminal Lemma of Reid, which is in turn based upon earlier work of Morrison and Stevens on the classification of four dimensional isolated Gorenstein terminal cyclic quotient singularities.
description: 26 pages
(400927) Duncan Palmer
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
En route to the industrial applications of ionic liquids for metal oxide production and biomass fractionation: A sustainable avenue to advanced materials
Creators: name: Malaret, Francisco José
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: In the context of climate change, it is essential to use renewable materials and to reduce the environmental footprint of industrial processes. This work focuses on the feasibility of implementing a low-cost Ionic Liquid (IL) in a large-scale biorefinery for bioethanol production (the ionoSolv process). The selected feedstock was Eucalyptus red grandis, a fast-growing hardwood. The lignocellulosic biomass was fractionated at laboratory scale, using aqueous N,N,N-trimethylammonium hydrogen sulfate (20 wt% water), at different temperatures and reaction times, to maximize glucose recovery (86%). Experiments under CO2 atmospheres (sub and supercritical) revealed that the ionoSolv process is pressure insensitive. A detailed Techno-Economic Analysis (TEA) for a biorefinery using the ionoSolv pretreatment was performed and compared to one using the acid-catalysed steam explosion pretreatment. With the ionoSolv pretreatment, the composition of the cellulose-rich pulps can be tailored and high-purity lignins can be recovered. The economic performance of both pretreatments are similar. From a sustainability perspective there are trade-offs: the ionoSolv process consumes 25% more energy (with potential for optimization) but consumes less chemicals and produces less waste. These results indicate that this process can be a competitive alternative. During the development of this process, and other IL-based processes, the interaction of ILs (neat and aqueous) with metals was investigated to establish suitable materials of construction. It was observed that the corrosion behaviour of metals exposed to ILs is system dependent. Surprisingly, water can act either as a corrosion inhibitor or promoter. A semi-quantitative classification method for the different corrosion behaviours observed was developed. Some metals exposed to aqueous ILs formed particles, resulting in the inadvertent development of a novel process for metal-based materials at large-scale: Oxidative Ionothermal Synthesis (OIS). A high-level TEA suggests that OIS offers economic and environmentally advantageous production of bulk and advanced metal-based materials, such as zinc oxide.
Pharmacokinetic Modelling of Efavirenz, Atazanavir, Lamivudine and Tenofovir in the Female Genital Tract of HIV-Infected Pre-Menopausal Women
Creators: name: Nicol, Melanie R.
name: Cohen, Myron S.
name: Patterson, Kristine B.
name: Kashuba, Angela D.M.
name: Kendrick, Racheal N.
name: Garonzik, Samira M.
name: Forrest, Alan
name: Dumond, Julie B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: A previously published study of antiretroviral pharmacokinetics in the female genital tract of HIV-infected women demonstrated differing degrees of female genital tract penetration among antiretrovirals. These blood plasma (BP) and cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) data were co-modelled for four antiretrovirals with varying CVF exposures.
Relationship between VeDBA, behaviour, ODBA and power from Long necks enhance and constrain foraging capacity in aquatic vertebrates
Creators: name: Wilson, Rory P.
name: Gómez-Laich, Agustina
name: Juan-Emilio Sala
name: Dell'Omo, Giacomo
name: Holton, Mark D.
name: Quintana, Flavio
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Highly specialized diving birds display substantial dichotomy in neck length with, for example, cormorants and anhingas having extreme necks, while penguins and auks have minimized necks. We attached acceleration loggers to imperial cormorants Phalacrocorax atriceps and Magellanic penguins Spheniscus magellanicus, both foraging in waters over the Patagonian Shelf, to examine the difference in movement between their respective heads and bodies in an attempt to explain this dichotomy. The penguins had head and body attitudes and movements that broadly concurred throughout all phases of their dives. By contrast, although the cormorants followed this pattern during the descent and ascent phases of dives, during the bottom (foraging) phase of the dive, the head angle differed widely from that of the body and its dynamism (measured using vectorial dynamic acceleration) was over four times greater. A simple model indicated that having the head on an extended neck would allow these cormorants to half the energy expenditure that they would expend if their body moved in the way their heads did. This apparently energy-saving solution is likely to lead to greater heat loss though and would seem tenable in slow-swimming species because the loss of streamlining that it engenders would make it detrimental for fast-swimming taxa such as penguins.
Ultrafast laser-induced changes of the magnetic anisotropy in a low-symmetry iron garnet film
Creators: name: Shelukhin, L. A.
name: Pavlov, V. V.
name: Usachev, P. A.
name: Shamray, P. Yu.
name: Pisarev, R. V.
name: Kalashnikova, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore a thermal mechanism of changing the anisotropy by femtosecond laser pulses in dielectric ferrimagnetic garnets by taking a low symmetry (YBiPrLu)3(FeGa)5O12 film grown on the (210)-oriented Gd3Ga5O12 substrate as a model media. We demonstrate by means of spectral magneto-optical pump-probe technique and phenomenological analysis, that the magnetization precession in such a film is triggered by laser-induced changes of the growth-induced magnetic anisotropy along with the well-known ultrafast inverse Faraday effect. The change of magnetic anisotropy is mediated by the lattice heating induced by laser pulses of arbitrary polarization on a picosecond time scale. We show that the orientation of the external magnetic field with respect to the magnetization easy plane noticeably affects the precession excited via the anisotropy change. Importantly, the relative contributions from the ultrafast inverse Faraday effect and the change of different growth-induced anisotropy parameters can be controlled by varying the applied magnetic field strength and direction. As a result, the amplitude and the initial phase of the excited magnetization precession can be gradually tuned.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, 2 table
title: Role of MDCT in complex congenital heart diseases : step by step approach for reporting using VanPraagh notation
Creators: name: Goel, Shriya
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Paediatric
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Congenital

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: The educational objective of this presentation is to convey a standardized approach for reporting congenital heart diseases and to make the complex anatomy...
Self-gravity, resonances and orbital diffusion in stellar discs
Creators: name: Fouvry, Jean-Baptiste
name: Binney, James
name: Pichon, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fluctuations in a stellar system's gravitational field cause the orbits of stars to evolve. The resulting evolution of the system can be computed with the orbit-averaged Fokker-Planck equation once the diffusion tensor is known. We present the formalism that enables one to compute the diffusion tensor from a given source of noise in the gravitational field when the system's dynamical response to that noise is included. In the case of a cool stellar disc we are able to reduce the computation of the diffusion tensor to a one-dimensional integral. We implement this formula for a tapered Mestel disc that is exposed to shot noise and find that we are able to explain analytically the principal features of a numerical simulation of such a disc. In particular the formation of narrow ridges of enhanced density in action space is recovered. As the disc's value of Toomre's $Q$ is reduced and the disc becomes more responsive, there is a transition from a regime of heating in the inner regions of the disc through the inner Lindblad resonance to one of radial migration of near-circular orbits via the corotation resonance in the intermediate regions of the disc. The formalism developed here provides the ideal framework in which to study the long-term evolution of all kinds of stellar discs.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
(400922) Jane Hopkins
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The role of Kisspeptin and its analogue in the diagnosis and treatment of reproductive disorders in humans
Creators: name: Phylactou, Maria
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: Kisspeptin, a hypothalamic neuropeptide encoded by the KISS1 gene, is a key regulator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, by stimulating pulsatile gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion. Since 2005, there has been a huge body of work on the effects of exogenous kisspeptin administration on gonadotrophin responses in humans. These have demonstrated kisspeptin’s potential as a therapeutic agent in reproductive disorders and highlighted its potential as a diagnostic tool to probe hypothalamic GnRH neuronal function. The translational application of kisspeptin as a diagnostic and therapeutic tool in the field of reproductive endocrinology has been the focus of this research project. Firstly, I investigated kisspeptin’s ability to differentiate men with congenital hypogonadotrophic Hypogonadism (CHH) from healthy men compared to the currently available GnRH test. All circulating isoforms of kisspeptin have relatively short half-lives due to their rapid enzymatic degradation. Furthermore, repeated kisspeptin administration causes kisspeptin receptor desensitisation. Thus, a more stable, longer acting kisspeptin analogue would be an ideal candidate for use in the field of kisspeptin based therapeutics. MVT602 is one such agonist, and whilst it has shown promising results during application in men, its effects in women had not been previously explored. I thus investigated the effects of MVT602 on the gonadotrophin responses of healthy women in the follicular phase, and how these change after oestrogen pre-treatment. In the final study of this research project I compared the gonadotrophin responses elicited by both KP54 and MVT602 in women with the two commonest anovulatory disorders, namely Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) and Hypothalamic Amenorrhoea (HA). In summary, the results of this research project highlight the huge potential of KP54 and MVT602 to improve the diagnosis and treatment of patients with reproductive disorders, and also add to the existing body of work in the field of translational research for kisspeptin.
Novel heterometallic complexes for C-F and C-H bond activation
Creators: name: Garçon Padilla, Martí
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: The interest in bimetallic systems stems from the principle that ‘two metals are better than one’. In other words, cooperation between two metals can enable in some cases modes of reactivity that are inaccessible for the individual monometallic species. Furthermore, the presence of two (or more) metals in close proximity gives rise to unusual coordination modes and bonding configurations. In this thesis, new transition metal – main group heterometallic systems have been prepared. Highly unusual structural motifs have been identified and studied carefully. For instance, the reaction coordinate for the addition of Mg–H and Zn–H bonds to Pd and Pt has been analysed, by generating structural snapshots along the reaction coordinates and computationally interrogating their bonding. One of the first simple, molecular transition metal complexes possessing a hexagonal planar geometry around the metal has been disclosed. The reactivity of these novel complexes has also been explored, with a focus on the activation and functionalisation of C–F and C–H bonds. Detailed mechanistic studies have revealed the intimate role of heterometallic intermediates in the processes of bond breaking and bond formation. This allowed for the development of novel approaches to bond functionalisation, such as Pd catalysed C–H bond magnesiation or zincation reactions.
Supplementary tables S1-S10 and figures S1-S14 from Landscape predictors of pathogen prevalence and range contractions in US bumblebees.
Creators: name: McArt, Scott H.
name: Urbanowicz, Christine
name: McCoshum, Shaun
name: Irwin, Rebecca E.
name: Adler, Lynn S.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Several species of bumblebees have recently experienced range contractions and possible extinctions. While threats to bees are numerous, few analyses have attempted to understand the relative importance of multiple stressors. Such analyses are critical for prioritizing conservation strategies. Here, we describe a landscape analysis of factors predicted to cause bumblebee declines in the USA. We quantified 24 habitat, land-use and pesticide usage variables across 284 sampling locations, assessing which variables predicted pathogen prevalence and range contractions via machine learning model selection techniques. We found that greater usage of the fungicide chlorothalonil was the best predictor of pathogen (Nosema bombi) prevalence in four declining species of bumblebees. Nosema bombi has previously been found in greater prevalence in some declining US bumblebee species compared to stable species. Greater usage of total fungicides was the strongest predictor of range contractions in declining species, with bumblebees in the northern USA experiencing greater likelihood of loss from previously occupied areas. These results extend several recent laboratory and semi-field studies that have found surprising links between fungicide exposure and bee health. Specifically, our data suggest landscape-scale connections between fungicide usage, pathogen prevalence and declines of threatened and endangered bumblebees.
Dense Packings from Algebraic Number Fields and Codes
Creators: name: Cheng, Shantian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 52C17, 11R04, 94B65 (Primary), 94B05, 11H31 (Secondary)

description: We introduce a new method from number fields and codes to construct dense packings in the Euclidean spaces. Via the canonical $\mathbb{Q}$-embedding of arbitrary number field $K$ into $\mathbb{R}^{[K:\mathbb{Q}]}$, both the prime ideal $\mathfrak{p}$ and its residue field $κ$ can be embedded as discrete subsets in $\mathbb{R}^{[K:\mathbb{Q}]}$. Thus we can concatenate the embedding image of the Cartesian product of $n$ copies of $\mathfrak{p}$ together with the image of a length $n$ code over $κ$. This concatenation leads to a packing in Euclidean space $\mathbb{R}^{n[K:\mathbb{Q}]}$. Moreover, we extend the single concatenation to multiple concatenation to obtain dense packings and asymptotically good packing families. For instance, with the help of \Magma{}, we construct one $256$-dimension packing denser than the Barnes-Wall lattice BW$_{256}$.
Clinical Pharmacokinetic, Pharmacodynamic and Drug-Interaction Profile of the Integrase Inhibitor Dolutegravir
Creators: name: Hadzic, Tanja
name: Cottrell, Mackenzie L.
name: Kashuba, Angela D.M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Dolutegravir is a second generation integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) currently under review by the US FDA for marketing approval. Dolutegravir’s in vitro, protein adjusted 90% inhibitory concentration (IC90) for wild-type virus is 0.064 μg/ml, and it retains in vitro anti-HIV 1 activity across a broad range of viral phenotypes known to confer resistance to the currently marketed INSTIs, raltegravir and elvitegravir. Dolutegravir has a half-life (t½) of 13 to 14 hours and maintains concentrations over the in vitro, protein adjusted IC90 for more than 30 hours following a single dose. Additionally, dolutegravir has comparatively low intersubject variability compared to raltegravir and elvitegravir. A plasma exposure-response relationship has been well described, with antiviral activity strongly correlating to trough concentration (Ctrough) values. Phase III trials have assessed the antiviral activity of dolutegravir compared with efavirenz and raltegravir in antiretroviral (ARV)-naïve patients and found dolutegravir to achieve more rapid and sustained virologic suppression in both instances. Additionally, studies of dolutegravir activity in patients with known INSTI-resistant mutations have been favorable, indicating that dolutegravir retains activity in a variety of INSTI resistant phenotypes. Much like currently marketed INSTIs, dolutegravir is very well tolerated. Because dolutegravir inhibits the renal transporter, organic cation transporter (OCT) 2, reduced tubular secretion of creatinine leads to non-progressive increases in serum creatinine. These serum creatinine increases have not been associated with decreased glomerular filtration rate or progressive renal impairment. Dolutegravir’s major and minor metabolic pathways are UDP glucuronosyltransferase (UGT)1A1 and cytochrome (CYP)3A4, respectively, and it neither induces nor inhibits CYP isozymes. Thus dolutegravir has a modest drug interaction profile. However, antacids significantly decrease dolutegravir plasma exposure and should be separated by 2 hours before, or 6 hours after, a dolutegravir dose. In summary, dolutegravir is the first of the second generation INSTIs, which exhibits a predictable pharmacokinetic profile and a well-defined exposure-response relationship. Dolutegravir retains activity despite the presence of some class resistant mutations and achieves rapid and sustained virologic suppression in ARV-naïve and -experienced patients. Clinically dolutegravir is poised to become a commonly used component of antiretroviral regimens.
Pharmacokinetics of Antiretrovirals in Genital Secretions and Anatomic Sites of HIV Transmission: Implications for HIV Prevention
Creators: name: Trezza, Christine R.
name: Kashuba, Angela D.M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The incidence of HIV remains alarmingly high in many parts of the world. Prophylactic use of antiretrovirals, capable of concentrating in the anatomical sites of transmission, may reduce the risk of infection after an unprotected sexual exposure. To date, orally and topically administered antiretrovirals have exhibited variable success in preventing HIV transmission in large-scale clinical trials. Antiretroviral mucosal pharmacokinetics may help explain the outcomes of these investigations. Penetration and accumulation of antiretrovirals into sites of transmission can influence dosing strategies and pre-exposure prophylaxis clinical trial design. Antiretroviral tissue distribution varies widely within and between drug classes, attributed in part to their physicochemical properties and tissue-specific drug transporter expression. Nucleoside (-tide) reverse transcriptase inhibitors, the CCR5 antagonist maraviroc, and the integrase inhibitor raltegravir demonstrate the highest penetration into the male and female reproductive tracts and colorectal tissue relative to blood. This review will describe antiretroviral exposure in anatomic sites of transmission, and place these findings in context with the prevention of HIV and the efficacy of pre-exposure prophylactic strategies.
(400923) Edith ME Palmer
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: High-flow priapism: the role of diagnostic and interventional radiology.
Creators: name: Mazza, Giulia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genital / Reproductive system male
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Vascular
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Embolisation
subject: Fistula

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To describe the main features of high-flow priapism and its imaging findings. To depict the role of the interventional radiologist in the management of this...
Association Between Adherence Measurements of Metoprolol and Health Care Utilization in Older Patients with Heart Failure*
Creators: name: Tu, Wanzhu
name: Young, James
name: Li, Jingjin
name: Brater, D. Craig
name: Wu, Jingwei
name: Morris, Andrew B.
name: Murray, Michael D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Data from electronic dosing monitors and published pharmacokinetic parameters were used to derive medication adherence measures for immediate-release metoprolol and examine their association with health care utilization of outpatients aged 50 years or older with heart failure.
A TDDFT investigation of excited states of the Photosystem II Reaction Centre
Creators: name: Kavanagh, Maeve Anne
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: A deeper understanding of the mechanisms involved in natural photosynthesis could inspire new artificial photosynthetic systems and bio-engineered organisms. Study of photosystem II, a pigment-protein complex responsible for the first step of solar energy conversion in oxygenic photosynthesis, is therefore driven by the need for clean energy and robust crops. Following excitation of the reaction centre of photosystem II, electron transfer proceeds selectively up one branch (the D1 branch) of the pseudo-C2-symmetric reaction centre producing a highly oxidative charge separated state, capable of abstracting electrons from substrate water. The structural reasons for the D1 branch preference are unclear, and remain difficult to probe due to the complexity of the system and its spectral features. Finding these will necessarily rely on detailed modelling, the challenge of which can finally be met with sufficient computational resource using Density Functional Theory. Results of Time Dependent Density Functional Theory calculations of excited states of the Photosystem II reaction centre are presented. It was found that pigment phytol chains and surrounding amino acid residues must be explicitly included in any model in order for the D1 branch preference to be reproduced. Building on this insight, results of calculations on mutant models of the same size are presented. A qualitative agreement with experimental shifts in simulated absorption difference spectra is achieved for seven out of ten mutant reaction centre models. Including further regions of the reaction centre was found to exaggerate the D1 branch preference further but overall larger models were in agreement with the benchmark model results. This work takes steps towards a working model of the reaction centre that could be used to investigate the individual structural features which lead to the D1 branch preference and as a predictive tool for the action of specific mutations.
Topologically protected defect states in open photonic systems with non-hermitian charge-conjugation and parity-time symmetry
Creators: name: Malzard, Simon
name: Poli, Charles
name: Schomerus, Henning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that topologically protected defect states can exist in open (leaky or lossy) systems even when these systems are topologically trivial in the closed limit. The states appear from within the continuum, thus in absence of a band gap, and are generated via exceptional points (a spectral transition that occurs in open wave and quantum systems with a generalized time-reversal symmetry), or via a degeneracy induced by charge-conjugation-symmetry (which is related to the pole transition of Majorana zero modes). We demonstrate these findings for a leaking passive coupled-resonator optical waveguide with asymmmetric internal scattering, where the required symmetries (non-hermitian versions of time-reversal symmetry, chirality and charge-conjugation) emerge dynamically.
description: 4++ pages
(400924) Beatrice Palmer
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Supplementary tables S1-S10 and figures S1-S14 from Landscape predictors of pathogen prevalence and range contractions in US bumblebees
Creators: name: McArt, Scott H.
name: Urbanowicz, Christine
name: McCoshum, Shaun
name: Irwin, Rebecca E.
name: Adler, Lynn S.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Several species of bumblebees have recently experienced range contractions and possible extinctions. While threats to bees are numerous, few analyses have attempted to understand the relative importance of multiple stressors. Such analyses are critical for prioritizing conservation strategies. Here, we describe a landscape analysis of factors predicted to cause bumblebee declines in the USA. We quantified 24 habitat, land-use and pesticide usage variables across 284 sampling locations, assessing which variables predicted pathogen prevalence and range contractions via machine learning model selection techniques. We found that greater usage of the fungicide chlorothalonil was the best predictor of pathogen (Nosema bombi) prevalence in four declining species of bumblebees. Nosema bombi has previously been found in greater prevalence in some declining US bumblebee species compared to stable species. Greater usage of total fungicides was the strongest predictor of range contractions in declining species, with bumblebees in the northern USA experiencing greater likelihood of loss from previously occupied areas. These results extend several recent laboratory and semi-field studies that have found surprising links between fungicide exposure and bee health. Specifically, our data suggest landscape-scale connections between fungicide usage, pathogen prevalence and declines of threatened and endangered bumblebees.
The Pharmacogenetics Research Network: From SNP Discovery to Clinical Drug Response
Creators: name: Weinshilboum, R. M.
name: McLeod, H. L.
name: Dolan, M. E.
name: Giacomini, K. M.
name: Skaar, T.
name: Brett, C. M.
name: Nguyen, A. T.
name: Shuldiner, A. R.
name: Relling, M. V.
name: Zineh, I.
name: Ratain, M. J.
name: Wang, L.
name: Roden, D. M.
name: Hayes, D. F.
name: Schaefer, C. A.
name: Johnson, J. A.
name: Reus, V.
name: Flockhart, D. A.
name: Krauss, R. M.
name: Tantisira, K.
name: Altman, R. B.
name: Tyndale, R. F.
name: Benowitz, N. L.
name: Kroetz, D. L.
name: Weiss, S. T.
name: Klein, T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: The NIH Pharmacogenetics Research Network (PGRN) is a collaborative group of investigators with a wide range of research interests, but all attempting to correlate drug response with genetic variation. Several research groups concentrate on drugs used to treat specific medical disorders (asthma, depression, cardiovascular disease, addiction of nicotine, and cancer), whereas others are focused on specific groups of proteins that interact with drugs (membrane transporters and phase II drug-metabolizing enzymes). The diverse scientific information is stored and annotated in a publicly accessible knowledge base, the Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics Knowledge base (PharmGKB). This report highlights selected achievements and scientific approaches as well as hypotheses about future directions of each of the groups within the PGRN. Seven major topics are included: informatics (PharmGKB), cardiovascular, pulmonary, addiction, cancer, transport, and metabolism.
Museum sample and materials and methods from The genetic basis and enigmatic origin of melanic polymorphism in pomarine skuas (Stercorarius pomarinus).
Creators: name: Janssen, Kirstin
name: Mundy, Nicholas I.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: A key outstanding issue in adaptive evolution is the relationship between the genetics of intraspecific polymorphism and interspecific evolution. Here we show that the pale/dark ventral plumage polymorphism that occurs in both the pomarine skua (Stercorarius pomarinus) and Arctic skua (S. parasiticus) is the result of convergent evolution at the same locus (MC1R), involving some of the same amino acid sites. The dark melanic MC1R allele in the pomarine skua is strongly divergent from the pale MC1R alleles. Whereas the dark allele is closely related to MC1R alleles in three species of great skua (S. skua, S. maccormicki, S. lonnbergi), the pale pomarine skua MC1R alleles present a star-like pattern in an intermediate position on the haplotype network, closer to alleles of the long-tailed skua (S. longicaudus). Variation at other nuclear loci confirms a close relationship between the pomarine skua and the great skuas. The plumage polymorphism in pomarine skuas might have arisen in the common ancestor of pomarine and great skuas, only being retained in pomarine skuas. Alternatively, the pale and melanic MC1R alleles may have evolved independently in different lineages and been brought together in pomarine skuas by hybridization. In this case introgression of a pale MC1R allele into the pomarine skua from another skua lineage is most likely. Our current data do not permit us to distinguish between these hypotheses, and assaying genome-wide variation holds much promise in this regard. Nevertheless, we have uncovered an intriguing example of a functionally important allele within one species that is shared across species.
title: Cardiac CT for diagnosis of challenging left-to-right shunts in adults.
Creators: name: Silva Estrada, Jorge
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: CT
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Education
subject: Congenital

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To improve the understanding of the anatomy o the atrial septum and the coronary sinus through cardiac CT. To show the role of cardiac computed tomography angiography (CCTA) in the diagnosis of challenging left-to-right shunts in adults. To outline...
Cyclooxygenase Polymorphisms and Risk of Cardiovascular Events: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Creators: name: Heiss, G.
name: Bray, M. S.
name: Zeldin, D. C.
name: Couper, D. J.
name: North, K. E.
name: Lee, C. R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Cyclooxygenase-derived prostaglandins modulate cardiovascular disease risk. We genotyped 2212 Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study participants (1,023 incident coronary heart disease (CHD) cases; 270 incident ischemic stroke cases; 919 non-cases) with available DNA for polymorphisms in PTGS1 and PTGS2. Using a case–cohort design, associations between genotype and CHD or stroke risk were evaluated using proportional hazards regression. In Caucasians, the reduced function PTGS1 −1006A variant allele was significantly more common among stroke cases compared to non-cases (18.2 versus 10.6%, P = 0.027). In African Americans, the reduced function PTGS2 −765C variant allele was significantly more common in stroke cases (61.4 versus 49.4%, P = 0.032). No significant relationships with CHD risk were observed. However, aspirin utilization appeared to modify the relationship between the PTGS2 G-765C polymorphism and CHD risk (interaction P = 0.072). These findings suggest that genetic variation in PTGS1 and PTGS2 may be important risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease events. Confirmation in independent populations is necessary.
Supercal: Cross-Calibration of Multiple Photometric Systems to Improve Cosmological Measurements with Type Ia Supernovae
Creators: name: Scolnic, D.
name: Casertano, S.
name: Riess, A. G.
name: Rest, A.
name: Schlafly, E.
name: Foley, R. J.
name: Finkbeiner, D.
name: Tang, C.
name: Burgett, W. S.
name: Chambers, K. C.
name: Draper, P. W.
name: Flewelling, H.
name: Hodapp, K. W.
name: Huber, M. E.
name: Kaiser, N.
name: Kudritzki, R. P.
name: Magnier, E. A.
name: Metcalfe, N.
name: Stubbs, C. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current cosmological analyses which use Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) observations combine SN samples to expand the redshift range beyond that of a single sample and increase the overall sample size. The inhomogeneous photometric calibration between different SN samples is one of the largest systematic uncertainties of the cosmological parameter estimation. To place these different samples on a single system, analyses currently use observations of a small sample of very bright flux standards on the $HST$ system. We propose a complementary method, called `Supercal', in which we use measurements of secondary standards in each system, compare these to measurements of the same stars in the Pan-STARRS1 (PS1) system, and determine offsets for each system relative to PS1, placing all SN observations on a single, consistent photometric system. PS1 has observed $3π$ of the sky and has a relative calibration of better than 5 mmag (for $\sim15
description: 15 pages, 5 figures. Accepted by ApJ
Use of Pharmacogenetic and Clinical Factors to Predict the Therapeutic Dose of Warfarin
Creators: name: Lenzini, P.
name: Johnson, J. A.
name: McLeod, H. L.
name: Rieder, M. J.
name: Gage, B. F.
name: Grosso, L.
name: Veenstra, D. L.
name: Eby, C.
name: Glynn, R. J.
name: Voora, D.
name: Langaee, T.
name: Grice, G.
name: Farnett, L. E.
name: Aquilante, C. L.
name: Marsh, S.
name: Ridker, P. M.
name: Milligan, P. E.
name: Rettie, A. E.
name: Deych, E.
name: Barrett, A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Initiation of warfarin therapy using trial-and-error dosing is problematic. our goal was to develop and validate a pharmacogenetic algorithm. in the derivation cohort of 1,015 participants, the independent predictors of therapeutic dose were: VKORC1 polymorphism −1639/3673 g>a (−28% per allele), body surface area (Bsa) (+11% per 0.25 m2), CYP2C9*3 (−33% per allele), CYP2C9*2 (−19% per allele), age (−7% per decade), target international normalized ratio (inr) (+11% per 0.5 unit increase), amiodarone use (−22%), smoker status (+10%), race (−9%), and current thrombosis (+7%). This pharmacogenetic equation explained 53−54% of the variability in the warfarin dose in the derivation and validation (N = 292) cohorts. For comparison, a clinical equation explained only 17−22% of the dose variability (P < 0.001). in the validation cohort, we prospectively used the pharmacogenetic-dosing algorithm in patients initiating warfarin therapy, two of whom had a major hemorrhage. To facilitate use of these pharmacogenetic and clinical algorithms, we developed a nonprofit website, http://www.WarfarinDosing.org.
MPEC 2023-F29 : 2023 FF
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 FF

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
(400920) Elizabeth Hopkins
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Supplementary Methods and Figure S1 from An invasive herbivore structures plant competitive dynamics.
Creators: name: Wong, Lydia
name: Grainger, Tess Nahanni
name: Denon Start
name: Gilbert, Benjamin
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional experimental and statistical methods, and Figure S1 showing the effect of plant species on A. nerii and A. asclepiadis population growth
On witnessing arbitrary bipartite entanglement in a measurement device independent way
Creators: name: Mallick, Arindam
name: Ghosh, Sibasish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experimental detection of entanglement of an arbitrary state of a given bipartite system is crucial for exploring many areas of quantum information. But such a detection should be made in a device independent way if the preparation process of the state is considered to be faithful, in order to avoid detection of a separable state as entangled one. The recently developed scheme of detecting bipartite entanglement in a measurement device independent way [Phys. Rev. Lett {\bf 110}, 060405 (2013)] does require information about the state. Here by using Auguisiak et al.'s universal entanglement witness scheme for two-qubit states [Phys. Rev. A {\bf 77}, 030301 (2008)], we provide a universal detection scheme for two-qubit states in a measurement device independent way. We provide a set of universal witness operators for detecting NPT-ness(negative under partial transpose) of states in a measurement device independent way. We conjecture that no such universal entanglement witness exists for PPT(positive under partial transpose) entangled states. We also analyse the robustness of some of the experimental schemes of detecting entanglement in a measurement device independent way under the influence of noise in the inputs (from the referee) as well as in the measurement operator as envisazed in ref. [Phys. Rev. Lett {\bf 110}, 060405 (2013)].
description: Revised version; 14 pages; Latex; five eps figure; comments are welcome
title: Critical Impact of Target and New Lesion characterization on study outcome in RECIST 1.1 clinical trials
Creators: name: SHARMA, MANISH
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Lung
subject: Management
subject: Oncology
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Observer performance
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Perception image
subject: Cancer
subject: Metastases
subject: Outcomes

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: For the clinical evaluation of cancer therapy, assessment of the change in tumour burden is an essential feature. The important endpoints in cancer clinical trials are tumour shrinkage (objective response) and time to the development of disease...
PFAS transport and retention during riverbank filtration and in saturated columns
Creators: name: Oudega, Thomas James
name: Obeid, Ali A.
name: Devau, Nicolas
name: Zoboli, Ottavia
name: Gundacker, Claudia
name: Blaschke, Alfred Paul
name: Zessner, Matthias
name: Saracevic, Ernis
name: Stevenson, Margaret Ellen
name: Liu, Meiqi
name: Nagy-Kovacs, Zsuzsanna
name: Laszlo, Balazs
name: Sommer, Regina
name: Derx, Julia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The presentation on "PFAS transport and retention during riverbank filtration and in saturated columns" discussed a 1-year monitoring campaign of PFAS under PROMISCES WP2 - CS#2 at 4 riverbank filtration (RBF) sites along the Danube, as well as a modelling and column test study. Results showed that while PFAS concentrations are low enough (~10 ng/L) to not be of concern right now, future alterations to legislation might change this, as both the monitoring study and the column study showed that PFAS retention by riverbank filtration is minimal.
Factors Associated With Exacerbation of Heart Failure Include Treatment Adherence and Health Literacy Skills
Creators: name: Morrow, D.
name: Wu, J.
name: Smith, F.
name: Murray, M. D.
name: Brater, D. C.
name: Tu, W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: We determined the factors associated with exacerbation of heart failure, using a cohort (n = 192) nested within a randomized trial at a university-affiliated ambulatory practice. Factors associated with emergency or hospital care included left ventricular ejection fraction, hematocrit and serum sodium levels, refill adherence, and the ability to read a prescription label. Refill adherence of <40% was associated with a threefold higher incidence of hospitalization for heart failure than a refill adherence of ≥80% (P = 0.002). In multivariable analysis, prescription label reading skills were associated with a lower incidence of heart failure–specific emergency care (incidence rate ratio, 0.76; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.19–0.69), and participants with adequate health literacy had a lower risk of hospitalization for heart failure (incidence rate ratio, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.15–0.76). We conclude that inadequate treatment adherence and health literacy skills are key factors in the exacerbation of heart failure. These findings emphasize the need for careful instruction of patients about their medications.