cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Geomorphology and (palaeo-)hydrography of the Southern Atbai plain and western Eritrean Highlands (Eastern Sudan/Western Eritrea)
Creators: name: Costanzo, Stefano
name: Zerboni, Andrea
name: Cremaschi, Mauro
name: Manzo, Andrea
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: We present the geomorphology of the Southern Atbai Plain (Eastern Sudan) and the western edge of the Eritrean Highlands (Western Eritrea), in the eastern Sahel. The mountainous area consists of Paleo-Proterozoic gneiss and Neo-Proterozoic igneous rocks and meta-volcanic assemblages shaped as inselbergs and whaleback landforms by weathering. Bare-rock hills emerge from a gentle glacis that oversees the Southern Atbai alluvial plain, located between the Atbara and Gash Rivers. The plain features the SSE-NNW-oriented endorheic terminal fan of the Gash River and is crossed by intricate Early to Late Pleistocene paleochannels, whose evolution was controlled by the interplay between Quaternary regional tectonics and arid to humid climatic and environmental oscillations. The map is intended to interpret the evolution of local landscape, thus representing a tool for reconstructing the spatial and temporal distribution of Late Quaternary archaeological features and their functional relationships with the fossil fluvial system and the western foothills.
Research for surveillance and surveillance for research: Why this matters for Wellcome
Creators: name: Imai-Eaton, Natsuko
name: Trust, The Wellcome
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2024

description: Research plays a crucial role in improving pathogen surveillance. The two are inherently interconnected with no consensus on where research stops, and public health surveillance begins. This can often make it difficult for research funders to define and support surveillance-related research activities.

Working with Wellcome Sanger Institute researchers, here we showcase exemplars of where pathogen genomic research has led to innovations and improvements in surveillance and demonstrate that research is a fundamental pillar and enabler of public health surveillance, contributing to better health outcomes for individuals, communities, and populations.
Taxize Source Code And Program Files
Creators: name: Scott A. Chamberlain Biology Department, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Dr, Burnaby, BC, Canada, V5A 1S6
name: Eduard Szocs Institute For Environmental Sciences, University Koblenz-Landau, Fortstr. 7, 76829 Landau, Germany
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013

description: This is the code used in our article published in F1000Research entitled: taxize: taxonomic search and retrieval in R, without the accompanying text and description. This code should run in R without problems. Email scott@ropensci.org with any questions or problems.
description: Please be aware that this code is not being actively developed, as it is an archive of the code as it was at the time of publication in the associated F1000Research article. For the latest version of this code, please see https://github.com/ropensci/taxize_.
An Improved Deep Convolutional Neural Network by Using Hybrid Optimization Algorithms to Detect and Classify Brain Tumor Using Augmented MRI Images
Creators: name: Qader, Shko M.
name: Hassan, Bryar A.
name: Rashid, Tarik A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Automated brain tumor detection is becoming a highly considerable medical diagnosis research. In recent medical diagnoses, detection and classification are highly considered to employ machine learning and deep learning techniques. Nevertheless, the accuracy and performance of current models need to be improved for suitable treatments. In this paper, an improvement in deep convolutional learning is ensured by adopting enhanced optimization algorithms, Thus, Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) based on improved Harris Hawks Optimization (HHO), called G-HHO has been considered. This hybridization features Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) and HHO to give better results, limiting the convergence rate and enhancing performance. Moreover, Otsu thresholding is adopted to segment the tumor portion that emphasizes brain tumor detection. Experimental studies are conducted to validate the performance of the suggested method on a total number of 2073 augmented MRI images. The technique's performance was ensured by comparing it with the nine existing algorithms on huge augmented MRI images in terms of accuracy, precision, recall, f-measure, execution time, and memory usage. The performance comparison shows that the DCNN-G-HHO is much more successful than existing methods, especially on a scoring accuracy of 97%. Additionally, the statistical performance analysis indicates that the suggested approach is faster and utilizes less memory at identifying and categorizing brain tumor cancers on the MR images. The implementation of this validation is conducted on the Python platform. The relevant codes for the proposed approach are available at: https://github.com/bryarahassan/DCNN-G-HHO.
description: Multimed Tools Appl (2022)
Geomorphic effects caused by heavy rainfall in the Corigliano-Rossano area (NE Calabria, Italy) on 12 August 2015
Creators: name: Rago, Valeria
name: Lupiano, Valeria
name: Chiaravalloti, Francesco
name: Chiodo, Giovanna
name: Gabriele, Salvatore
name: Pellegrino, Annamaria D.
name: Terranova, Oreste G.
name: Iovine, Giulio
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology

description: The surroundings of Corigliano and Rossano (NE Calabria) were damaged by a short-lasting and localized rainstorm on 12 August 2015, when more than 230 mm of rain in sixteen hours caused damage exceeding 100 million euros. In the Map, shallow landslides triggered by the event are shown at 1:50,000 scale, together with areas affected by soil erosion and flooding, and most damaged sites; historical landslides are also mapped. The main slope-stability controlling factors are mapped at 1:200,000 scale, and an event-based geomorphological landslide inventory of the most damaged sector (Citrea basin) is provided at 1:10,000 scale. Isohyets (cumulative over 16 h), as obtained by interpolating rain-gauge and weather-radar data by Kriging techniques, are shown together with the density of event landslides. Estimated rain maxima (ca. 506 mm in 16 h) by far overcome measured ones, and ground effects well fit the sectors heavily stricken by the storm.
Lightning: The First Component Of The Arvados Project To Be (Re)Written In "Go"
Creators: name: Zaranek, Alexander Wait
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013

description: Arvados is an open-source platform for managing and analyzing genomic and biomedical big data.  We are focusing on the Go language for back-end systems within Arvados.  We hope Arvados will become a valuable new member of the growing Go language community.
description: Images in this work are the property of their respective owners and not in the public domain.
Towards Poisson noise limited optical pump soft X-ray probe NEXAFS spectroscopy using a laser-produced plasma source
Creators: name: Jonas, Adrian
name: Stiel, Holger
name: Glöggler, Lisa
name: Dahm, Diana
name: Dammer, Katharina
name: Kanngießer, Birgit
name: Mantouvalou, Ioanna
Publisher: name: Washington, DC : Soc.
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 530

description: We present a laboratory setup for near edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (NEXAFS) in the soft X-ray regime between 284 eV to 1303 eV with a resolving power of up to 1370. Based on a laser-produced plasma source, a pair of identical reflection zone plates and an X-ray CCD camera, the setup is intended for optical pump X-ray probe NEXAFS measurements with a detectable change in absorption of the excited sample down to 10-4 and 500 ps time resolution. Because of the high stability of the source the statistical error only depends on the detector response and the number of photons detected and can reach the detector noise limit after a couple of thousands single shots. Thus, structure-function relationship investigations of bio-molecules are rendered feasible in the laboratory.
Modelling and simulation of a lava flow affecting a shore platform: a case study of Montaña de Aguarijo eruption, El Hierro (Canary Islands, Spain)
Creators: name: Prieto-Torrell, C.
name: Rodriguez-Gonzalez, A.
name: Aulinas, M.
name: Fernandez-Turiel, J. L.
name: Cabrera, M.C.
name: Criado, C.
name: Perez-Torrado, F. J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Recent subaerial volcanism at El Hierro Island (Canary Islands, Spain) consists of monogenetic volcanic fields. This volcanism generated cinder cones, tephra air-fall deposits, and lava flows. The lava flows reach several kilometres in length extending through shore platforms and, sometimes, penetrating under the sea level. The volcanic landforms of El Hierro convert it into a natural laboratory for topographic and morphometric modelling and lava flow simulations. We perform the modelling and simulation of the Montaña de Aguarijo eruption, a cinder cone at the NE rift. The associated lava flow channelled through a V-shaped ravine until reaching a cliff, where formed cascades. The flow spread at the cliff base over a platform before reaching the sea modifying the coastline. Different maps were designed to show the results, including the geomorphologic reconstruction of the area affected by this eruption and the lava flow simulations obtained with the Q-LavHA plugin.
Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy to Characterize Different Fractions of Extracellular Vesicles from Control and Prostate Cancer Patients
Creators: name: Osei, Eric Boateng
name: Paniushkina, Liliia
name: Wilhelm, Konrad
name: Popp, Jürgen
name: Nazarenko, Irina
name: Krafft, Christoph
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Raman spectroscopy
subject: extracellular vesicles
subject: surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy
subject: 610
subject: 570

description: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-enclosed structures ranging in size from about 60 to 800 nm that are released by the cells into the extracellular space; they have attracted interest as easily available biomarkers for cancer diagnostics. In this study, EVs from plasma of control and prostate cancer patients were fractionated by differential centrifugation at 5000× g, 12,000× g and 120,000× g. The remaining supernatants were purified by ultrafiltration to produce EV-depleted free-circulating (fc) fractions. Spontaneous Raman and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) at 785 nm excitation using silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were employed as label-free techniques to collect fingerprint spectra and identify the fractions that best discriminate between control and cancer patients. SERS spectra from 10 µL droplets showed an enhanced Raman signature of EV-enriched fractions that were much more intense for cancer patients than controls. The Raman spectra of dehydrated pellets of EV-enriched fractions without AgNPs were dominated by spectral contributions of proteins and showed variations in S-S stretch, tryptophan and protein secondary structure bands between control and cancer fractions. We conclude that the AgNPs-mediated SERS effect strongly enhances Raman bands in EV-enriched fractions, and the fractions, EV12 and EV120 provide the best separation of cancer and control patients by Raman and SERS spectra.
Deciphering large-scale superposed fold systems at shallow crustal levels in collision zones: insights from the Marguareis Massif (southwestern Alps)
Creators: name: Sanità, Edoardo
name: Lardeaux, Jean-Marc
name: Marroni, Michele
name: Gosso, Guido
name: Pandolfi, Luca
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: We present and discuss the results of a field-based approach including accurate geological mapping and micro- to map-scale structural analysis to highlight the finite strain pattern recorded in Marguareis Unit, a massif deformed at shallow crustal levels at the boundary between Maritime and Ligurian Alps. We describe superposed tectonic structures developed under low-grade metamorphic conditions during the Alpine collision and nowadays exceptionally well recorded in the area of interest. We demonstrate that the structural frame of the Marguareis Unit results from superposition of fourfold systems, later segmented, but without significant displacements, by brittle faults.
The tectono-stratigraphic evolution of the Fucino Basin (central Apennines, Italy): new insights from the geological mapping of its north-eastern margin.
Creators: name: Mondati, G.
name: Spadi, M.
name: Gliozzi, E.
name: Cosentino, D.
name: Cifelli, F.
name: Cavinato, G. P.
name: Tallini, M.
name: Mattei, M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: We present the geological map of the north-eastern margin of the Fucino Basin, which is mainly characterized by Plio-Quaternary continental deposits that show transition from deeper-water lacustrine environment, marginal lacustrine system, and fluvial facies. These deposits unconformably overlie upper Messinian Lago-Mare sediments and pre-orogenic carbonate succession. The occurrence of Caspiocypris tiberina in the Plio-Quaternary lacustrine sediments, coupled with the normal magnetic polarity of Casa Colombaia section, led to suggest the onset of the sedimentation of these continental deposits to the late Piacenzian (2.58–3.04 Ma). The upper Messinian deposits are characterized by ostracod assemblages related to the Loxocorniculina djafarovi zone, pointing to the last Lago-Mare event of the Messinian Salinity Crisis (5.40–5.33 Ma). This new stratigraphic framework may be useful to refine the long-term slip rates of the still active normal faults that affect the north-eastern margin of the Fucino Basin.
Shock-wave-induced Thin-film Delamination (SWIFD): A Non-thermal Structuring Method of Functional Layers
Creators: name: Lorenz, Pierre
name: Ehrhardt, Martin
name: Bayer, Lukas
name: Zimmer, Klaus
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: flexible substrate
subject: laser structuring
subject: Laser-induced delamination process
subject: thin layer etching
subject: 530

description: The laser structuring of thermally sensitive functional layers is a challenge for laser methods. However, already ultrashort laser pulses can induce thermal modifications. The spatial separation of the laser pulse absorption from the functional layer removal process allows a non-thermal structuring process. Therefore, the rear side of the substrate is irradiated and the following laser ablation process induces a transverse shock wave through the substrate. Finally, the interaction of the shock wave with the substrate/functional layer interface results in a delamination of the functional layer. This shock-wave-induced thin-film delamination (SWIFD) method was tested on a layer system (1.5 μm thick epoxy-based negative photoresist SU 8, 250 nm–1 μm chromium layer) on a 25 μm polyimide flexible substrate where the influence of the systematic variation of the thickness of the metallic intermediate layer on the delamination process was studied. The resultant surface morphology was analyzed by optical microscopy as well as by white light interferometry (WLI).
Differential Cross Sections for the H + D2 → HD(v′ = 3, j′ = 4-10) + D Reaction above the Conical Intersection
Creators: name: Gao, Hong
name: Sneha, Mahima
name: Bouakline, Foudhil
name: Althorpe, Stuart C.
name: Zare, Richard N.
Publisher: name: Washington, DC : Soc.
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atom lasers
subject: Excimer lasers
subject: Molecular physics
subject: Photoionization
subject: Potential energy
subject: Potential energy surfaces
subject: Quantum chemistry
subject: Quantum theory
subject: Collision energies
subject: Conical intersection
subject: Differential cross section
subject: First excited state
subject: Hydrogen bromide
subject: Multimodal structure
subject: Quantum wave packets
subject: Resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization
subject: Excited states
subject: 530

description: We report rovibrationally selected differential cross sections (DCSs) of the benchmark reaction H + D2 → HD(v′ = 3, j′ = 4–10) + D at a collision energy of 3.26 eV, which exceeds the conical intersection of the H3 potential energy surface at 2.74 eV. We use the PHOTOLOC technique in which a fluorine excimer laser at 157.64 nm photodissociates hydrogen bromide (HBr) molecules to generate fast H atoms and the HD product is detected in a state-specific manner by resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization. Fully converged quantum wave packet calculations were performed for this reaction at this high collision energy without inclusion of the geometric phase (GP) effect, which takes into account coupling to the first excited state of the H3 potential energy surface. Multimodal structures can be observed in most of the DCSs up to j′ = 10, which is predicted by theory and also well-reproduced by experiment. The theoretically calculated DCSs are in good overall agreement with the experimental measurements, which indicates that the GP effect is not large enough that its existence can be verified experimentally at this collision energy.
Functionalization of graphene sponge electrodes with two-dimensional materials for tailored electrocatalytic activity towards specific contaminants of emerging concern
Creators: name: Lumbaque, Elisabeth Cuervo
name: Baptista-Piresa, Luis
name: Radjenovic, Jelena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low-cost graphene sponge electrodes were functionalized with two-dimensional (2D) materials, i.e., borophene and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), using a one-step, hydrothermal self-assembly method. Borophene and hBN-modified graphene sponge anode and N-doped graphene sponge cathode were employed for electrochemical degradation of model persistent contaminants of emerging concern in one-pass, flow through mode, and using low-conductivity supporting electrolyte. Functionalization of the reduced graphene oxide (RGO) coating with 2D materials led to specific modifications in the electrode electrocatalytic performance and interactions with the target contaminants. For instance, addition of hBN promoted the adsorption of more hydrophobic organic contaminants via van der Waals and π-π interactions. Functionalization of the graphene sponge anode with borophene enhanced the generation of oxidant species such as H2O2 and O3 and yielded an order of magnitude higher concentration of hydroxyl radicals (HO) compared with the non-functionalized graphene sponge anode, thus enhancing the removal of target contaminants. Experiments conducted with the selective radical scavengers indicated the key role of surface-bound hydroxyl radicals (HOads) and singlet oxygen (1O2) in electrochemical degradation. The study demonstrates that functionalization of graphene sponge electrodes with 2D materials can enhance their electrocatalytic activity and modulate the interaction with specific organic contaminants, thus opening new possibilities for designing electrodes tailored to remove specific groups of pollutants.
description: 41 pages, 6 figures, and supplementary material with 6 figures and 8 tables
Father is sending me to the frontier (爸爸送我去边疆)
Creators: name: Zhao Guojing 赵国经
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Zhiqing generation
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/2002778
subject: Families
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1728849
subject: Ren min ying xiong ji nian bei (Beijing, China)
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1094517
subject: Youth
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1183341
subject: Rustication of Urban Youth
subject: Revolutionary Succession

description: A military father in front of the Monument to the People's Heroes in Beijing prepares to send his daughter to the countryside. Price: 14 fen
Geology of the southern Gran Paradiso Massif and Lower Piedmont Zone contact area (middle Ala Valley, Western Alps, Italy)
Creators: name: Caso, F.
name: Nerone, S.
name: Petroccia, A.
name: Bonasera, M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: This work presents the structural evolution of a poorly studied key-area in the middle Ala Valley, Western Alps, where two tectono-metamorphic units are exposed. A geological map at the 1:10.000 scale, integrated with meso- and microstructural analysis, has been realised. We investigated the contact area between Gran Paradiso Massif in the footwall and Lower Piedmont Zone in the hanging wall. Both tectono-metamorphic units, with a different paleogeographic affinity, preserve similar polyphasic deformation histories, defined by four deformation phases. The Dp phase, strongly transposing previous structural relicts, is marked by a high-pressure assemblage associated with the Sp foliation. Dp controls the lithological boundary attitude. A mylonitic zone, developed during the Dp, showing kinematic indicators pointing to a top-to-the N-NW sense of shear, is responsible for the juxtaposition of the two units. Dp structural elements are deformed by Dp+1 and Dp+2 subsequent phases. A greenschist-facies overprinting was observed during the Dp+1 phase.
Conformations of a Long Polymer in a Melt of Shorter Chains: Generalizations of the Flory Theorem
Creators: name: Lang, Michael
name: Rubinstein, Michael
name: Sommer, Jens-Uwe
Publisher: name: Washington, DC : ACS
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Absorption
subject: Conformation
subject: Monomers
subject: Polymerization
subject: 540

description: Large-scale simulations of the swelling of a long N-mer in a melt of chemically identical P-mers are used to investigate a discrepancy between theory and experiments. Classical theory predicts an increase of probe chain size R ∼ P–0.18 with decreasing degree of polymerization P of melt chains in the range of 1 < P < N1/2. However, both experiment and simulation data are more consistent with an apparently slower swelling R ∼ P–0.1 over a wider range of melt degrees of polymerization. This anomaly is explained by taking into account the recently discovered long-range bond correlations in polymer melts and corrections to excluded volume. We generalize the Flory theorem and demonstrate that it is in excellent agreement with experiments and simulations.
Open questions asked to analysis and numerics concerning the Hausdorff moment problem
Creators: name: Gerth, Daniel
name: Hofmann, Bernd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47A52, 47B06, 44A60, 45C05, 65R30

description: We address facts and open questions concerning the degree of ill-posedness of the composite Hausdorff moment problem aimed at the recovery of a function $x \in L^2(0,1)$ from elements of the infinite dimensional sequence space $\ell^2$ that characterize moments applied to the antiderivative of $x$. This degree, unknown by now, results from the decay rate of the singular values of the associated compact forward operator $A$, which is the composition of the compact simple integration operator mapping in $L^2(0,1)$ and the non-compact Hausdorff moment operator $B^{(H)}$ mapping from $L^2(0,1)$ to $\ell^2$. There is a seeming contradiction between (a) numerical computations, which show (even for large $n$) an exponential decay of the singular values for $n$-dimensional matrices obtained by discretizing the operator $A$, and \linebreak (b) a strongly limited smoothness of the well-known kernel $k$ of the Hilbert-Schmidt operator $A^*A$. Fact (a) suggests severe ill-posedness of the infinite dimensional Hausdorff moment problem, whereas fact (b) lets us expect the opposite, because exponential ill-posedness occurs in common just for $C^\infty$-kernels $k$. We recall arguments for the possible occurrence of a polynomial decay of the singular values of $A$, even if the numerics seems to be against it, and discuss some issues in the numerical approximation of non-compact operators.
(S)-Alanine ethyl ester tetra­cyanidoborate, (C5H12NO)[B(CN)4]
Creators: name: Peppel, T.
name: Köckerling, M.
Publisher: name: Chester : IUCr
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: crystal structure
subject: borate
subject: amino acid
subject: 530

description: The title mol­ecular salt, C5H12NO+·C4BN4− or (C5H12NO)[B(CN)4], was obtained as single crystals by slow evaporation of a solution of the compound in aceto­nitrile over several weeks. The asymmetric unit contains two (S)-alanine ethyl ester cations and two tetra­cyanidoborate anions, which are linked by N—H...N hydrogen bonds. The compound exhibits a relatively low melting point of 110°C and shows a solid–solid phase transition near room temperature (Ts–s = 29°C) on the basis of DSC measurements.
Landscape matters: Insights from the impact of mega-droughts on Colombia's energy transition
Creators: name: Weng, Wei
name: Becker, Stefanie L.
name: Lüdeke, Matthias K. B.
name: Lakes, Tobia
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Aerial river
subject: Drought
subject: Energy transition
subject: Multi-level perspective
subject: Telecoupling
subject: Transition pathways
subject: 333,7
subject: 650

description: Mega-droughts can cause disruption to the affected society sparking a transition. We explore the causes and effects of the 2015−2016 mega-drought in Colombia. Using the multi-level perspective as a framework, we found that the mega-drought sparked an energy transition in Colombia whose dynamics were impacted both by the institutionalization of niches as well as the ability to predict the next drought. We were able to trace, using the current understanding of anthropogenic forces, the cause of the mega-drought to socio-technical landscape development influenced by human-induced warming and land use change. We found that the regimes in Bolivia and Brazil were able to influence the landscape through deforestation, and hence contribute to the intensity of a mega-drought in Colombia. The knowledge that a regime can cause disruption in regimes in other geographies and sectors has implications for transition research as well as decision-making for coping with droughts and other disasters. © 2020
Exopholis Motschulsky 1859
Creators: name: Calcetas, Orlando A.
name: Adorada, Jessamyn R.
name: Navasero, Mario V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Melolonthidae
Exopholis

description: Exopholis Motschulsky, 1859
(Figs. 1–3)
Differential diagnosis. The body is small and ovoid. The labrum is nearly twice the width of clypeus and not bilobed (Fig. 1). The antennae with 9 antennomeres and antennal club with three antennomeres. The prosternal process is triangulate in ventral view, rounded towards apex and it is also sparsely scaled and sparsely setose (Fig. 2). The metaventral process is triangulate, widely carinate mesally and carina narrowing towards the anterior margin (Fig. 3). Legs with the longer metatibial spur long, straight and tapered apically in males while it is curved mesally and with narrow and rounded apex in females. The scutellum is generally wider than long.
Exopholis, like the closely related genera Leucopholis Dejean, 1833 and Lepidiota Kirby, 1837, has an antennal club with three antennomeres in contrast to Engertia Dalla Torre, 1912 with six. The clypeus is inclined backward when viewed laterally and the pronotum is without a median carina in Exopholis, Leucopholis and Lepidiota, this is in contrast to Stephanopholis Brenske, 1896 where the clypeus is inclined forward when viewed laterally and the pronotum with a distinct median carina. However, the labrum is not bilobed in Exopholis while it is bilobed in both Leucopholis and Lepidiota. Also, the posterior margin of the maxillary palpi are medially acute and the terminal palpomere is lacking an indistinct flattened area, shallow groove, or depression in Exopholis while the posterior margin of the maxillary palpi are not acute and the terminal palpomere has a flattened area, shallow groove, or depression in both Leucopholis and Lepidiota.
The prosternal and metaventral processes of Exopholis and Lepidiota are similar. Probably, these are the characters observed and given weight by Moser (1910) to classify E. philippinica under Lepidiota. The prosternal processes of Exopholis and Lepidiota are both lanceolate dorsally, round when viewed laterally and with a rounded apex. They are also covered with long, yellowish-white hairs and acicular scales. The metaventral process of both Exopholis and Lepidiota are triangulate and rounded apically. Also, the metaventral process of Exopholis and Lepidiota is not extending in front of the mesocoxae while it is extending in front of the mesocoxae in Leucopholis.
description: Published as part of Calcetas, Orlando A., Adorada, Jessamyn R. & Navasero, Mario V., 2020, Review of the genus Exopholis Motschulsky, 1859 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae Melolonthinae: Leucopholini) in the Philippines, pp. 527-536 in Zootaxa 4859 (4) on pages 528-529, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4859.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/4413354
Topology optimization subject to additive manufacturing constraints
Creators: name: Ebeling-Rump, Moritz
name: Hömberg, Dietmar
name: Lasarzik, Robert
name: Petzold, Thomas
Publisher: name: Berlin ; Heidelberg : Springer
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Additive manufacturing
subject: Linear elasticity
subject: Numerical simulations
subject: Optimality conditions
subject: Phase field method
subject: Topology optimization
subject: 510

description: In topology optimization the goal is to find the ideal material distribution in a domain subject to external forces. The structure is optimal if it has the highest possible stiffness. A volume constraint ensures filigree structures, which are regulated via a Ginzburg–Landau term. During 3D printing overhangs lead to instabilities. As a remedy an additive manufacturing constraint is added to the cost functional. First order optimality conditions are derived using a formal Lagrangian approach. With an Allen-Cahn interface propagation the optimization problem is solved iteratively. At a low computational cost the additive manufacturing constraint brings about support structures, which can be fine tuned according to demands and increase stability during the printing process.
Inspired Inquiry: Crafting K-5 STEM Lessons with Science Fiction
Creators: name: Emily Midkiff, Bonnie Laabs
Publisher: name: The Institute for the Promotion of Teaching Science and Technology (IPST), Ministry of Education
Year: 2018
Subjects: STEM Education, K-5 Science, Science Fiction, Language Arts, Picturebooks

description: K-12 STEM Education, 4, 1 (January-March)
Ideas for using GeoGebra and Origami in Teaching Regular Polyhedrons Lessons
Creators: name: Natalija Budinski, Zsolt Lavicza
Publisher: name: The Institute for the Promotion of Teaching Science and Technology (IPST), Ministry of Education
Year: 2018
Subjects: Geogebra, Origami, Platonic solids, hands-on activities, geometry lessons

description: K-12 STEM Education, 4, 1 (January-March)
The Challenges of Figure Overuse in STEM Education: Lessons Learned From the Recent History of Science Education
Creators: name: Vinson Carter, Stephen Burgin
Publisher: name: The Institute for the Promotion of Teaching Science and Technology (IPST), Ministry of Education
Year: 2018
Subjects: STEM Education, The Design Process, Technology and Engineering Education

description: K-12 STEM Education, 4, 1 (January-March)
Acleistochelys Gaffney & Roberts & Sissoko & Bouaré & Tapanila & O'leary 2007, new genus
Creators: name: Gaffney, Eugene S.
name: Roberts, Eric
name: Sissoko, Famory
name: Bouaré, Mohamed L.
name: Tapanila, Leif
name: O'leary, Maureen A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Testudines
Bothremydidae
Acleistochelys

description: Acleistochelys, new genus
TYPE SPECIES: Acleistochelys maliensis, new species.
DISTRIBUTION: Paleocene of Mali.
ETYMOLOGY: Aklystos, Greek for ‘‘sheltered’’, or ‘‘hollowed’’, in allusion to the small, paired pits on the triturating surface; chelys, Greek for ‘‘turtle’’.
DIAGNOSIS: A bothremydid pleurodire with these unique characters among the tribe Taphrosphyini: small pit formed by jugal, maxilla, and palatine on triturating surface; jugal exposed on triturating surface; accessory ridge present on anterior triturating surface; wide palatine-basisphenoid contact separating pterygoids on midline; supraoccipital-quadrate contact present; basioccipital narrowly enters condylus occipitalis; palatine-jugal contact in small septum orbitotemporale. Other distinguishing characters are: skull relatively long and narrow; fossa pterygoideus deep and narrow as in Nigeremys but in contrast to Taphrosphys; foramen posterius canalis carotici interni formed by pterygoid, basisphenoid, and quadrate in contrast to Phosphatochelys; small remnant of septum orbitotemporale present consisting of ventral parietal process as in Phosphatochelys but in contrast to Taphrosphys.
DISCUSSION: See table 1 for a comparison of genera in the tribe Taphrosphyini.
description: Published as part of Gaffney, Eugene S., Roberts, Eric, Sissoko, Famory, Bouaré, Mohamed L., Tapanila, Leif & O'leary, Maureen A., 2007, Acleistochelys, a New Side-Necked Turtle (Pelomedusoides: Bothremydidae) from the Paleocene of Mali, pp. 1-24 in American Museum Novitates 3549 (1) on page 4, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2007)3549[1:AANSTP]2.0.CO;2, http://zenodo.org/record/5386900
Acleistochelys maliensis Gaffney & Roberts & Sissoko & Bouaré & Tapanila & O'leary 2007, new species
Creators: name: Gaffney, Eugene S.
name: Roberts, Eric
name: Sissoko, Famory
name: Bouaré, Mohamed L.
name: Tapanila, Leif
name: O'leary, Maureen A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Testudines
Bothremydidae
Acleistochelys
Acleistochelys maliensis

description: Acleistochelys maliensis, new species
TYPE SPECIMEN: CNRST SUNY 199 (figs. 2–5), partial skull including fragments of the lower jaw, lacking some of the left temporal region, and both posterior parts of the skull roof. Skull measurements are in table 2. Associated shell fragments include the anterior margin of the nuchal (fig. 6), neurals one and four (fig. 7), and peripheral two (fig. 7). A partial cervical vertebra (figs. 8, 9) and some pelvic fragments are present.
TYPE LOCALITY: Mali 17, located south of the Adrar des Iforas Mountains, between Saguirilidad and In Fargas, Mali.
HORIZON: Middle to upper portion of the Teberemt Formation of Moody and Sutcliffe (1991, 1993).
DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT: Near shore marine.
DIAGNOSIS: As for genus.
ETYMOLOGY: Named for the country of discovery.
REFERRED MATERIAL: None.
PREVIOUS WORK: CNRST SUNY 199 is included in the phylogenetic analysis of Gaffney et al. (2006).
description: Published as part of Gaffney, Eugene S., Roberts, Eric, Sissoko, Famory, Bouaré, Mohamed L., Tapanila, Leif & O'leary, Maureen A., 2007, Acleistochelys, a New Side-Necked Turtle (Pelomedusoides: Bothremydidae) from the Paleocene of Mali, pp. 1-24 in American Museum Novitates 3549 (1) on pages 4-5, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0082(2007)3549[1:AANSTP]2.0.CO;2, http://zenodo.org/record/5386900
Paleoglacial footprint and fluvial terraces of the Shaluli Shan, SE Tibetan Plateau
Creators: name: Schneider, R. A. A.
name: Blomdin, R.
name: Fu, P.
name: Xu, X.K.
name: Stroeven, A. P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: This study provides mapping of glacial and fluvial geomorphology in the Shaluli Shan region on the eastern margin of the south-eastern Tibetan Plateau. Based on TanDEM-X 12 m elevation data and GoogleEarth imagery, glacial valleys, ice-marginal moraines, glacial lineations, scoured terrain and fluvial terraces were mapped. Covering around 11,000 km2, this map is the first for this region to display geomorphology at a spatial resolution of 0.4 arcsec (= c. 11 m) and to include fluvial terraces. Its glacial landform distribution is largely consistent with previous mapping. The substantially higher level of detail in this study is reflected in an approximately tenfold number and smaller median sizes of individual landforms such as moraines and glacial lineations. These results underscore the importance of high-resolution DEM data such as TanDEM-X for the identification of glacial and fluvial geomorphology. The map presented here will be used for detailed paleoglacial reconstructions and landscape evolution studies combining both glacial and fluvial landforms.
Catalyst Deactivation During Rhodium Complex-Catalyzed Propargylic C-H Activation
Creators: name: Möller, Saskia
name: Jannsen, Nora
name: Rüger, Julia
name: Drexler, Hans-Joachim
name: Horstmann, Moritz
name: Bauer, Felix
name: Breit, Bernhard
name: Heller, Detlef
Publisher: name: Weinheim : Wiley-VCH
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: C−H activation
subject: catalyst deactivation
subject: concentration diagrams
subject: kinetics
subject: rhodium catalysis
subject: 540
subject: 660

description: Detailed mechanistic investigations on our previously reported synthesis of branched allylic esters by the rhodium complex-catalyzed propargylic C−H activation have been carried out. Based on initial mechanistic studies, we present herein more detailed investigations of the reaction mechanism. For this, various analytical (NMR, X-ray crystal structure analysis, Raman) and kinetic methods were used to characterize the formation of intermediates under the reaction conditions. The knowledge obtained by this was used to further optimize the previous conditions and generate a more active catalytic system. © 2021 The Authors. Chemistry - A European Journal published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.
Fractured carbonate aquifers of Sibillini Mts. (Central Italy)
Creators: name: Viaroli, Stefano
name: Mirabella, Francesco
name: Mastrorillo, Lucia
name: Angelini, Serafino
name: Valigi, Daniela
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: The aim of the present map is to illustrate a detailed pre-earthquake hydrogeological conceptual model of the Sibillini Mts. This area was struck by a prolonged seismic sequence of up to Mw 6.5 in 2016. Geological, tectonic, and hydrogeological data were collected from the literature before 2016, subsequently standardized and re-interpretated with the aim of presenting a hydrogeological map (1:50,000 scale) of the Sibillini Mts. carbonate system (Central Italy). The map is supported by 11 hydrogeological both cross and longitudinal sections, which show the underground spatial relationship between aquifers, aquicludes, and tectonic elements. This Map provides a model of comparison for the new hydrogeological conditions emerging from the post-seismic research.
Trend assessment: Applications for hydrology and climate research
Creators: name: Kallache, M.
name: Rust, H.W.
name: Kropp, J.
Publisher: name: Göttingen : Copernicus GmbH
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: flooding
subject: global warming
subject: numerical model
subject: trend analysis
subject: wavelet analysis
subject: 550

description: The assessment of trends in climatology and hydrology still is a matter of debate. Capturing typical properties of time series, like trends, is highly relevant for the discussion of potential impacts of global warming or flood occurrences. It provides indicators for the separation of anthropogenic signals and natural forcing factors by distinguishing between deterministic trends and stochastic variability. In this contribution river run-off data from gauges in Southern Germany are analysed regarding their trend behaviour by combining a deterministic trend component and a stochastic model part in a semi-parametric approach. In this way the trade-off between trend and autocorrelation structure can be considered explicitly. A test for a significant trend is introduced via three steps: First, a stochastic fractional ARIMA model, which is able to reproduce short-term as well as long-term correlations, is fitted to the empirical data. In a second step, wavelet analysis is used to separate the variability of small and large time-scales assuming that the trend component is part of the latter. Finally, a comparison of the overall variability to that restricted to small scales results in a test for a trend. The extraction of the large-scale behaviour by wavelet analysis provides a clue concerning the shape of the trend.
Geomorphology of the northwestern Kurdistan Region of Iraq: landscapes of the Zagros Mountains drained by the Tigris and Great Zab Rivers
Creators: name: Forti, Luca
name: Perego, Alessandro
name: Brandolini, Filippo
name: Mariani, Guido S.
name: Zebari, Mjahid
name: Nicoll, Kathleen
name: Regattieri, Eleonora
name: Barbaro, Cecilia Conati
name: Bonacossi, Daniele Morandi
name: Qasim, Hasan Ahmed
name: Cremaschi, Mauro
name: Zerboni, Andrea
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: We present the geomorphological map of the northwestern part of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, where the landscape expresses the tectonic activity associated with the Arabia-Eurasia convergence and Neogene climate change. These processes influenced the evolution of landforms and fluvial pathways, where major rivers Tigris, Khabur, and Great Zab incise the landscape of Northeastern Mesopotamia Anticlinal ridges and syncline trough compose the Zagros orogen. The development of water and wind gaps, slope, and karsts processes in the highlands and the tilting of fluvial terraces in the flat areas are the main evidence of the relationship between tectonics, climate variations and geomorphological processes. During the Quaternary, especially after the Last Glacial Maximum, fluctuating arid and wet periods also influenced local landforms and fluvial patterns of the area. Finally, the intensified Holocene human occupation and agricultural activities during the passage to more complex societies over time impacted the evolution of the landscape in this part of Mesopotamia.
The impact of $^{17}$O$+α$ reaction rate uncertainties on the s-process in rotating massive stars
Creators: name: Frost-Schenk, J.
name: Adsley, P.
name: Laird, A. M.
name: Longland, R.
name: Angus, C.
name: Barton, C.
name: Choplin, A.
name: Diget, C. Aa.
name: Hirschi, R.
name: Marshall, C.
name: Chaves, F. Portillo
name: Setoodehnia, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive stars are crucial to galactic chemical evolution for elements heavier than iron. Their contribution at early times in the evolution of the Universe, however, is unclear due to poorly constrained nuclear reaction rates. The competing $^{17}$O($α,γ$)$^{21}$Ne and $^{17}$O($α,n$)$^{20}$Ne reactions strongly impact weak s-process yields from rotating massive stars at low metallicities. Abundant $^{16}$O absorbs neutrons, removing flux from the s-process, and producing $^{17}$O. The $^{17}$O($α,n$)$^{20}$Ne reaction releases neutrons, allowing continued s-process nucleosynthesis, if the $^{17}$O($α,γ$)$^{21}$Ne reaction is sufficiently weak. While published rates are available, they are based on limited indirect experimental data for the relevant temperatures and, more importantly, no uncertainties are provided. The available nuclear physics has been evaluated, and combined with data from a new study of astrophysically relevant $^{21}$Ne states using the $^{20}$Ne($d,p$)$^{21}$Ne reaction. Constraints are placed on the ratio of the ($α,n$)/($α,γ$) reaction rates with uncertainties on the rates provided for the first time. The new rates favour the ($α,n$) reaction and suggest that the weak s-process in rotating low-metallicity stars is likely to continue up to barium and, within the computed uncertainties, even to lead.
description: The MNRAS way of doing a sideways table forces a new page but apparently this is a known behaviour