Orius (Orius) machaerus Yamada and Yasunaga, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Yamada, Kazutaka
name: Yasunaga, Tomohide
name: Artchawakom, Taksin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Anthocoridae
Orius
Orius machaerus

description: Orius (Orius) machaerus Yamada and Yasunaga, sp. nov. (Figures 3E – H, 5I,J, 6E, 19E, 12B, 16 A – C, 19E)
Type materials
Holotype. ♂ (NSMT-I-He 74282; Figures 3E, F, 6E, 12B, 16A – C), (THAILAND), Maeo Khun Klang, 1300 m, Doi Inthanon, 18 October 1983, M. Tomokuni. Paratypes. Two ♂ (NSMT-I- He 74283, 74284; one in Figures 5I, 9E), one ♀ (NSMT-I-He-XXXX; Figures 3G, H, 5J), same data as holotype; one ♀ (NSMT-I-He 74285; Figure 19E), same locality as holotype, 17 October 1983, M. Sakai. All in NSMT.
Diagnosis
Recognised by the following characters: overall colouration brown to dark orange brown (Figure 3E – H); hemelytra faintly paler than pronotum and scutellum (Figure 3E, G); pygophore with a row of short, stout setae along the edge that fits the flagellum (Figure 12B); cone thin, acute apicad, elevated dorsally with weak projection (Figure 16A – C); denticule lacking; flagellum sword shaped, much longer than twice maximum width of cone (Figure 16A – C); copulatory tube very long and broad, consisting of apical membranous section, weakly sclerotised middle section, and basal duct (Figure 19E).
Description
Colouration. Overall colouration brown to dark orange brown (Figure 3E – H). Head dark orange brown, somewhat paler anterior to eyes; eyes reddish brown, ocellus and its surroundings area red to reddish brown. Antennae pale yellow to yellowish brown, with segments I, III and IV having fuscous tinge (Figure 5I, J). Labium yellowish brown; segments I and II blackish brown; basal half of segment III and apex of IV dark pale brown (Figure 3F, H). Pronotum and scutellum uniformly dark orange brown (Figure 5I, J). Hemelytra uniformly orange brown to brown, faintly paler than pronotum and scutellum; membrane somber dark brown (Figure 3E, G). Legs pale yellow to yellowish brown, metafemora tinged with dark orange brown basally (Figure 3F, H). Venter of thorax and abdomen orange brown to dark orange brown (Figure 3F, H).
Structure. Body elongate oval (Figure 3E, G). Head smooth, shiny, about 0.6 times as long as width across eyes, and with a long erect fuscous seta on each side of clypeus, near anteromedial margin of each eye, and between eye and ocellus; ante-ocular portion 0.6 – 0.7 times as long as length of eye in dorsal view; vertex about 1.8 – 2.0 times as wide as eye in dorsal view; eye oblong, proximate to anterior margin of pronotum, about 1.5 times as long as eye width in dorsal view; neck indistinct (Figure 9E). Antennal segment I stout, exceeding of head, sparsely covered with short suberect setae; segment II about 0.6 times as long as head width across eyes, densely covered with suberect setae which are about as long as width of the segment; segments III and IV a little narrower than maximum width of segment II, covered with long erect setae intermixed with short decumbent setae, longest seta a little longer than width of respective segment; segment III shorter than segment IV (Figures 5I, J, 9E). Labium extending to the procoxae, sparsely covered with short suberect setae. Pronotum smooth, shiny, sparsely covered with decumbent setae, and long stout fuscous corner setae; anterior margin slightly concave, width about as wide as mesal length; lateral margin nearly straight, angulate at anterior corner; lateral carinae distinctly expanded; posterior margin shallowly concave, width about 2.6 times as wide as anterior pronotal width; collar wide, weakly rugulose, and with short setae, demarcated by shallow transverse impression from callus; callus longitudinally wide, polished, strongly convex, with scattered short setae, demarcated posteriorly by deep transverse impression (Figures 5I, J, 9E). Scutellum nearly equilateral, impunctate, shorter than basal width, deeply depressed through middle, sparsely covered with long decumbent setae. Hemelytra parallel sided, overall densely covered with short decumbent setae and tiny punctures, maximum width of endocorium 1.56 – 2.00 times as wide as embolium; cuneal margin about 0.5 times as long as embolial margin; membrane with three visible veins, one located near costal margin, one near posterior margin of the membrane, and one between these veins. Ostiolar peritreme similar in general shape to O. fi liferus; anterior area to median furrow in ostiolar peritreme smooth, a little narrower than maximum width of posterior area to median furrow; posterior area squamous entirely; supracoxal area with transversely rugose (Figure 6E). Legs densely covered with decumbent setae; male protibiae with a row of about 15 small fuscous teeth on ventral side.
Male genitalia (Figures 12B, 16A–C). Pygophore ovoid shaped, posteroventrally covered with six long, stout setae which are much shorter than half length of pygophore (Figure 12B); mediodorsal surface densely distributed with short, suberect setae, and with a row of short, stout setae along the edge that fits the flagellum (Figure 12B); cone thin, acute apicad in dorsal view, elevated dorsally with weak projection (Figure 16A – C); denticule lacking; flagellum sword shaped, strongly curved basally, much longer than twice maximum width of cone, extending well beyond the left edge of pygophore (Figure 16A – C).
Female genitalia (Figure 19E). Copulatory tube very long and broad, arising from left part of intersegmental membrane between sterna VII and VIII in dorsal view, consisting of apical membranous section, weakly sclerotised middle section, and basal duct; apical membranous section somewhat cup-shape; weakly sclerotised section cylindrical, narrowed posteriad and connecting into basal duct; basal duct broad, longer than twice the length of the weakly sclerotised section.
Measurements (mm)
[♂ (n = 3)/ ♀ (n = 2), value for holotype male in parentheses]. Body length 1.70 – 1.90 (1.70)/1.75 – 2.00; head length (excluding neck) 0.22 – 0.23 (0.23)/0.24 – 0.25; head width across eyes 0.34 – 0.36 (0.35)/0.35 – 0.36; vertex width 0.16 – 0.17 (0.16)/0.18 – 0.19; width between ocelli 0.13 – 0.15 (0.13)/0.15 – 0.16; lengths of antennal segments I – IV: I – 0.09 – 0.10 (0.09)/0.09, II – 0.21 – 0.22 (0.22)/0.22 – 0.23, III – 0.15 – 0.17 (0.17)/0.17 – 0.18, IV – 0.19 (0.19)/0.21; lengths of labial segments II – IV: II – 0.07 – 0.09 (0.09)/0.09, III – 0.22 – 0.24 (0.22)/0.25 – 0.26, IV – 0.16 (not measured)/not measured; anterior pronotal width 0.28 – 0.29 (0.29)/0.29; mesal pronotal length 0.25 – 0.26 (0.25)/0.29; basal pronotal width 0.73 – 0.74 (0.73)/0.75 – 0.76; length of embolial margin 0.61 – 0.62 (0.62)/0.64 – 0.69; length of cuneal margin 0.29 – 0.31 (0.29)/0.31 – 0.35; maximum width across hemelytra 0.83 (not measured)/0.85 – 0.86.
Etymology
From Latin, machaerus (= sword, dirk), referring to sword-shaped flagellum of paramere; an adjective.
Distribution
Northern Thailand (Chiang Mai).
Remarks
In general colouration, Orius machaerus is most similar to O. shyamavarna (cf. Muraleedharan & Ananthakrishnan 1974). But the former is distinguishable from the latter by the sword-shaped flagellum (in shyamavarna, much more slender, apically thread like) and the very long and broad copulatory tube with somewhat cup-shaped apical membranous section (in shyamavarna, much more slender, apically with S-shaped curve). Also resembles O. fi liferus, but readily differs from it by the brown to dark orange brown body (paler than that of fi liferus) and the morphology of paramere and copulatory tube.
Habitat
Unknown.
description: Published as part of Yamada, Kazutaka, Yasunaga, Tomohide & Artchawakom, Taksin, 2015, The flower bug genus Orius Wolff, 1811 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Anthocoridae: Oriini) of Thailand, pp. 1103-1157 in Journal of Natural History 50 on pages 1129-1131, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2015.1104393, http://zenodo.org/record/3990373