cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Salidroside synthesis via glycosylation by β-D-glucosidase immobilized on chitosan microspheres in deep eutectic solvents
Creators: name: Chen, Jue
name: Cheng, Qibin
name: Ma, Qianqian
name: Wu, Yuqi
name: Zhang, Liwei
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biochemistry
Space Science
Medicine
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: This study aimed to establish a novel method for catalysing salidroside synthesis by immobilized β-D-glucosidase with deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as a new green non-aqueous medium. To this end, the catalytic properties of β-D-glucosidase (i.e. activity, stability, and enzymatic properties) were analysed within sixteen different DESs systems. Although most DESs significantly improved enzyme stability, they also reduced enzymatic activity. This was verified at the molecular level by employing fluorescence spectroscopy to evaluate conformational changes in β-D-glucosidase molecules. Subsequently, chitosan microspheres were used to immobilize β-D-glucosidase; the structures of the microspheres and immobilized enzyme were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Through single factor experiments and application of a response surface design, the optimal conditions for production of salidroside by the reaction of tyrosol with immobilized β-D-glucosidase were established. These conditions comprised 80 vol% ChCl/G (1:2), 50 °C reaction temperature, 5.8 pH, 100 h reaction time, 45 U/mL enzyme dosage, and a tyrosol/D-glucose molar ratio of 10. Under these conditions, the average conversion rate of the tyrosol substrate was 31.6%. Moreover, a salidroside crude product was obtained with a purity >70% (g/g) and a substrate conversion rate of immobilized β-D-glucosidase >50% of its initial value after five repeated uses. Collectively, this study establishes a novel green reaction system for the efficient preparation of salidroside and other glycoside compounds, while also providing a theoretical foundation for the analysis of β-D-glucosidase catalytic reactions in DESs systems.
RETURN To an Address presented to His Honour the Lieutenant-Governor praying him to cause to be laid before the House copies of the same case submittd to the Full Court in the following matters, viz:-- (1.) the "Small Debts Act;" (2.) the "Coal Mines Regulation Amendment Act"; together with the judgments delivered therein, respectively.
Creators: name: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
Publisher: name: Victoria, BC : Government Printer
Year: 2014

Abstract
Pseudomonas cepacia lipase immobilized on Zn2Al layered double hydroxides: Evaluation of different methods of immobilization for the kinetic resolution of (R,S)-1-phenylethanol
Creators: name: do Amaral, Lilian Fernanda Martins
name: Pilissão, Cristiane
name: Krieger, Nadia
name: Wypych, Fernando
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biochemistry
Space Science
Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The present work deals with the preparation and characterization of Zn2Al layered double hydroxides (LDHs) intercalated with chloride and dodecyl sulfate ions and their use as supports for the immobilization of Pseudomonas cepacia lipase (LipPS). LipPS was immobilized on LDH by adsorption, in situ entrapment and delamination entrapment methods. The performance of free and immobilized LipPS in the transesterification of (R,S)-1-phenylethanol was compared. The immobilized derivatives prepared by adsorption gave the highest conversions (c = 50%), with an enantiomeric excess of the product (eep) greater than 99% and a high enantiomeric ratio (E > 200). For immobilization by in situ entrapment (coprecipitation), a conversion of 31.5% and E > 200 were obtained. For immobilization by delamination entrapment, a conversion of 36% and E= 155 were obtained. Although the best results were obtained by adsorption, these results show that the delamination entrapment method can also be used to prepare bioinorganic-enzyme materials based on LDH. Our work therefore increases the range of methods that can be used to immobilize lipases for use in the production of optically pure secondary alcohols.
Strategies for Performing Citizenship: Rhetorical Citizenship and the Black Freedom Movement
Creators: name: Handley, Derek G.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 200302 English Language
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: My dissertation examines the rhetorical and discursive strategies embraced by African Americans during the 1950s and 60s in their attempts to protect their communities from urban renewal. While many rhetoric scholars tend to focus on citizenship as deliberative democracy, my research examines citizenship as acts of resistance for African Americans. Neighborhood organizations such as Citizens Committee for Hill District Renewal in Pittsburgh and the North Side Community Inventory Conference in Milwaukee used acts of citizenship to simultaneously resist urban renewal policies and to demand better housing. In this rhetorical history, I use rhetorical, narrative, and discourse analysis to examine articles, editorials, organizational memos, letters and government documents written from 1945-1970 in Pittsburgh and Milwaukee. My analysis reveals that (1) a “master narrative” of urban renewal was created by federal, state, and city officials to implement urban renewal projects, and (2) African American residents in Pittsburgh and Milwaukee used a cluster of rhetorical strategies that incorporated counternarratives, rhetorics of place, and rhetorical education to increase agency in a struggle for power with municipalities over the future of their neighborhoods. This research uncovers the residents’ abilities to make their own rhetorical choices and highlights their struggles to acquire expanded rights and privileges, illuminating in the process the complex intersections of race, place, and power in Northern cities during the mid-twentieth century. I conclude by arguing that the strategies of civic resistance were rooted in cultural rhetorical traditions, and that they provide a better understanding of how political community building occurs within social movements. My research intervenes in arguments surrounding the origin of rhetorical agency as residing with the speaker/writer. Adopting an African American Rhetoric perspective to examining agency shows that scholars’ focus on the individual has left the manner in which agency is circulated within social movements understudied. This approach focuses the analysis on the distribution of agency, opening a new direction for studying rhetorical tactics within social movements.
Parasites driving host diversity: Incidence of disease correlated with Daphnia clonal turnover
Creators: name: Turko, Patrick
name: Tellenbach, Christoph
name: Keller, Esther
name: Tardent, Nadine
name: Keller, Barbara
name: Spaak, Piet
name: Wolinska, Justyna
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Caullerya
subject: host‐parasite coevolution
subject: red queen
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::590 Tiere (Zoologie)::590 Tiere (Zoologie)

description: According to the Red Queen hypothesis, clonal diversity in asexual populations could be maintained by negative frequency‐dependant selection by coevolving parasites. If common clones are selected against and rare clones gain a concomitant advantage, we expect that clonal turnover should be faster during parasite epidemics than between them. We tested this hypothesis exploring field data of the Daphnia–Caullerya host–parasite system. The clonal make‐up and turnover of the Daphnia host population was tracked with high temporal resolution from 1998 until 2013, using first allozyme and later microsatellite markers. Significant differences in the clonal composition between random and infected subsamples of Daphnia populations were detected on six of seven tested occasions, confirming genetic specificity of the host–parasite interaction in this system. We used time series analysis to compare the rates of host clonal turnover to the incidence of parasitism, and found that Caullerya prevalence was significantly associated with microsatellite‐based clonal turnover. As alternate hypotheses, we further tested whether turnover was related to a variety of biotic, abiotic, and host demographic parameters. Other significant correlates of turnover were cyanobacterial biomass and (weakly) temperature. Overall, parasitism seems to be a strong driver of host clonal turnover, in support of the Red Queen hypothesis.
RETURN To an Order of the House for a Return showing -- (a.) The amount of timber dues collected from each mill-owner in West Kootenay, giving the name of each owner and amount paid by such owner: (b.) The amounts collected from companies or private parties upon cordwood, giving name of companies and amounts paid by each: (c.) Giving the names of Collectors and amounts by each for the year 1896.
Creators: name: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
Publisher: name: Victoria, BC : Government Printer
Year: 2014

Abstract
Matrix Model Perturbed by Higher Order Curvature Terms
Creators: name: Korchemsky, G. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The critical behaviour of the $D=0$ matrix model with potential perturbed by nonlocal term generating touchings between random surfaces is studied. It is found that the phase diagram of the model has many features of the phase diagram of discretized Polyakov's bosonic string with higher order curvature terms included. It contains the phase of smooth (Liouville) surfaces, the intermediate phase and the phase of branched polymers. The perturbation becomes irrelevant at the first phase and dominates at the third one.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure (included)
Search for single production of vector-like quarks decaying to a b quark and a Higgs boson
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search is presented for single production of heavy vector-like quarks (B) that decay to a Higgs boson and a b quark, with the Higgs boson decaying to a highly boosted $\mathrm{b\overline{b}}$ pair reconstructed as a single collimated jet. The analysis is based on data collected by the CMS experiment in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{-1}$. The data are consistent with background expectations, and upper limits at 95% confidence level on the product of the B quark cross section and the branching fraction are obtained in the range 1.28-0.07 pb, for a narrow B quark with a mass between 700 and 1800 GeV. The production of B quarks with widths of 10, 20 and 30% of the resonance mass is also considered, and the sensitivities obtained are similar to those achieved in the narrow width case. This is the first search at the CERN LHC for the single production of a B quark through its fully hadronic decay channel, and the first study considering finite resonance widths of the B quark.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/B2G-17-009 (CMS Public Pages)
Additional file 1 of Forced eruption in impacted teeth: analysis of failed cases and outcome of re-operation
Creators: name: Kim, Jaeyeon
name: Jung, Seoyeon
name: Lee, Kee-Joon
name: Yu, Hyung-Seog
name: Park, Wonse
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1
Storage Physics and Noise Mechanism in Heat-Assisted Magnetic Recording
Creators: name: Li, Hai
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Engineering
subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: As cloud computing and massive-data machine learning are applied pervasively, ultra-high volume data storage serves as the foundation block. Every day, nearly 2.5 quintillion bytes (50000 GB/second in 2018) of data is created and stored. Hard Disk Drive (HDD) takes major part of this heavy duty. However, despite the amazing evolution of HDD technology during the past 50 years, the conventional Perpendicular Magnetic Recording (PMR), the state-of-the-art HDD technique, starts to have less momentum in increasing storage density because of the recording trilemma. To overcome this, Heat-Assisted Magnetic Recording (HAMR) was initially proposed in 1990s. With years of advancement, recent industrial demos have shown the potential of HAMR to actually break the theoretical limit of PMR. However, to fully take advantage of HAMR and realize the commercialization, there are still quite a few technical challenges, which motivated this thesis work. Via thermal coupled micromagnetic simulation based upon Landau-Lifshitz-Bloch (LLB) equation, the entire dynamic recording process has been studied systematically. The very fundamental recording physics theorem is established, which manages to elegantly interpret the previously conflicting experimental observations. The thermal induced field dependence of performance, due to incomplete switching and erase-after-write, is proposed for the first time and validated in industrial lab. The combinational effects form the ultimate physical limit of this technology. Meanwhile, this theorem predicts the novel noise origins, examples being Curie temperature distribution and temperature distribution, which are the key properties but ignored previously. To enhance performance, utilizations of higher thermal gradient, magnetically stiffer medium, optimal field etc. have been suggested based upon the theorem. Furthermore, a novel concept, Recording Time Window (RTW), has been proposed. It tightly correlates with performance and serves as a unified optimization standard, summarizing almost all primary parameters. After being validated via spin stand testing, the theorem has been applied to provide solutions for guiding medium design and relaxing the field and heating requirement. This helps solve the issues around writer limit and thermal reliability. Additionally, crosstrack varying field has been proposed to solve the well-known transition curvature issue, which may increase the storage density by 50%.
RETURN To an Order of the hOuse for a return showing -- (1.) The particulars of the various leases held by the "Sayward Mill and Timber Company, Limited." (2.) The amount of annual rental payable under each lease. (3.) How much of such rent has been paid, and how much is still owing. (4.) Particulars of any other claims the Government have against the said company, and the total amount due the Government.
Creators: name: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
Publisher: name: Victoria, BC : Government Printer
Year: 2014

Abstract
Stochastic Time Reversal for Radar Detection
Creators: name: O'Donoughue, Nicholas A.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Computer Engineering
subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Time Reversal is an adaptive waveform transmission technique particularly suited to dispersive or non-homogenous media that focuses energy on a desired point in space. Early work concentrated on optical and acoustic/ultrasonic applications, followed more recently by applications in the electromagnetic domain. Time Reversal has been used for single- and multi-antenna detection, imaging, communications, non-destructive testing, and beam steering, among other applications. This thesis develops Time Reversal detection algorithms for randomly varying targets embedded in randomly varying clutter. We model the target and clutter as independent complex Gaussian random variables and consider both single-antenna and multi-antenna detection scenarios. We derive the optimal Time-Reversal Likelihood Ratio Test (TR-LRT) for the single-antenna case, as well as a sub-optimal Time Reversal-Linear Quadratic (TR-LQ) detector that allows for a priori threshold and performance computation. These detectors are compared against a benchmark Weighted Energy Detector (WED). For the multi-antenna scenario, we present the Time Reversal MIMO (TR-MIMO) detector and compare its performance to a conventional Spatial MIMO (S-MIMO) radar. We show that, for both scenarios, the relative performance of Time Reversal detection methods depends on the coherence of the channel between the forward and TR transmission stages. We discuss the potential for detection gains with Time Reversal in single-antenna and multi-antenna systems. We discuss lower and upper bounds on gain and show that Time Reversal provides a useful and computationally simple approximation to the optimal transmit signal. To compute the optimal hypothesis test for a Blind TR detection system, we derive a new statistical distribution, the Complex Double Gaussian distribution, which characterizes the complex product Z = XY of independent complex Gaussian random variables X and Y . We also apply this new probability distribution to analyze the performance of M-ary Phase Shift Keying (MPSK) communication systems, showing its applicability well beyond the realm of Time Reversal problems.
One-loop effects in a self-dual planar noncommutative theory
Creators: name: Fosco, C. D.
name: Moreno, G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the UV properties, and derive the explicit form of the one-loop effective action, for a noncommutative complex scalar field theory in 2+1 dimensions with a Grosse-Wulkenhaar term, at the self-dual point. We also consider quantum effects around non-trivial minima of the classical action which appear when the potential allows for the spontaneous breaking of the U(1) symmetry. For those solutions, we show that the one-loop correction to the vacuum energy is a function of a special combination of the amplitude of the classical solution and the coupling constant.
description: Version to appear in JHEP
Two interacting ultracold molecules in a one-dimensional harmonic trap
Creators: name: Dawid, Anna
name: Lewenstein, Maciej
name: Tomza, Michał
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the properties of two interacting ultracold polar molecules described as distinguishable quantum rigid rotors, trapped in a one-dimensional harmonic potential. The molecules interact via a multichannel two-body contact potential, incorporating the short-range anisotropy of intermolecular interactions including dipole-dipole interaction. The impact of external electric and magnetic fields resulting in Stark and Zeeman shifts of molecular rovibrational states is also investigated. Energy spectra and eigenstates are calculated by means of the exact diagonalization. The importance and interplay of the molecular rotational structure, anisotropic interactions, spin-rotation coupling, electric and magnetic fields, and harmonic trapping potential are examined in detail, and compared to the system of two harmonically trapped distinguishable atoms. Presented model and results may provide microscopic parameters for molecular many-body Hamiltonians, and may be useful for the development of bottom-up molecule-by-molecule assembled molecular quantum simulators.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures
Light travels across time
Creators: name: Frank, Brooke Elizabeth
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2019
Subjects: Art and fiction
Art and personal narrative
Art and light
Art and time

description: This paper explores my relationship to light, time, and material through the lens of fiction in it’s varying forms, couched in personal narrative, which, although technically non-fiction, could just as easily be categorized as a construction, since writing is a process of choosing the information you find pertinent to your task, and excluding the rest. Consequently, the abstract of this paper may also be the most accurate part, which is not to say the truest
Laccase-catalysed azide-alkyne cycloadditions: Synthesis of benzothiazole and benzimidazole fused 1,2,3-triazole derivatives by copper containing oxidoreductase enzymes
Creators: name: Maphupha, Mudzuli M.
name: Vidov, Adela
name: de Koning, Charles B.
name: Brady, Dean
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: A new approach for synthesizing triazole rings through the application of laccases, copper containing oxidoreductase enzymes is outlined. A series of benzothiazoles and benzimidazoles-functionalized alkynes were initially synthesized utilizing a biocatalysis laccase-based approach. The resultant alkynes were further treated with aryl azides in a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction facilitated by laccase enzymes to obtain 1,2,3-triazole-fused benzothiazoles and benzimidazoles.
Single Level Current and Curvature Distributions in Mesoscopic Systems
Creators: name: Kamenev, Alex
name: Braun, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exact analytic results for single level current and curvature distribution functions are derived in a framework of a $2\times 2$ random matrix model. Current and curvature are defined as the first and second derivatives of energy with respect to a time--reversal symmetry breaking parameter (magnetic flux). The applicability of the obtained distributions for the spectral statistic of disordered metals is discussed. The most surprising feature of our results is the divergence of the second and higher moments of the curvature at zero flux. It is shown that this divergence also appears in the general $N\times N$ random matrix model. Furthermore, we find an unusual logarithmic behavior of the two point current--current correlation function at small flux.
description: 20 pages, RevTex 3.0, WIS-93/96/Sept.-PH
Classification of Symmetry Derived Pairing at M Point in FeSe
Creators: name: Eugenio, P. Myles
name: Vafek, Oskar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the constraints imposed by the crystalline symmetry of FeSe and the experimentally observed phenomenology, we analyze the possible pairing symmetry of the superconducting order parameter focusing on intercalated and monolayer FeSe compounds. Such analysis leads to three possible pairing symmetry states -- s-wave, d-wave, and helical p-wave. Despite the differences in the pairing symmetry, each of these states is fully gapped with gap minimum centered above the normal state Fermi surface, in agreement with photoemission data of Y. Zhang et al. The analysis provides additional insights into the possible pairing mechanism for each of these states, highlighting the detrimental role of the renormalized repulsive intra-orbital Hubbard $U$ and inter-orbital $U'$ , and the beneficial role of the pair hopping $J'$ and the Hunds $J$ terms, as well as the spin-orbit coupling in the effective low-energy Hamiltonian.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures. Minor corrections in order to match PRB publication, this includes: removed erroneous citation, added citation, minor corrections to wordings, and added paragraph. Further, the author corrected the pairing symmetry of the inter-band spin-triplet (w/ d-vector out of plane) pairs in Table III. This was a labeling mistake and has no impact on the rest of the paper
Reading the self: Exploring the relationship between reader identity and texts in online reader communities
Creators: name: Boér-Endacott, Alice
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2025

description: This thesis presents findings from an investigation of bookstagram - a readers' community on Instagram - undertaken to assess how readers' sense of identity, including their worldview, is affected by the books they read. Its findings provide insight into the way communities form and interact on social media and highlight how the norms of bookstagram invite its members to engage in individual and collective identity-building work through reflecting on and sharing how the books they read do in fact interact with and influence their understanding of themselves and their broader worldview.
DAVLAT BOSHQARUVIDA ELEKTRON HUKUMAT SAMARADORLIGI
Creators: name: O'zbekiston Milliy Universiteti Siyosatshunoslik yo'nalishi talabasi Xo'jaqulova Bonu Husniddin qizi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Davlat boshqaruvida samaradorlikni oshirish masalasi har qachon ham davlat oldida turgan asosiy masalalardan biri bo’lib kelgan. Bugungi virtuallashgan dunyoda samaradorlikni oshirishning keng tarqalgan usullaridan biri bu elektron hukumat tizimining joriy etilishidir. Mazkur maqola ayni ushbu mavzuda bo’lib, unda elektron hukumatning hokimiyat samaradorligidagi o’rni, ahamiyati, rivojlanish dinamikasi, uning virtual borliq bilan aloqadorligi, asosiy vazifalari, elektron hukumat faol qo’llanilayotgan davlatlar, shuningdek, uning huquqiy asoslari kabi qator masalalar bayon etilgan.

KALIT SO’ZLAR

Elektron hukumat, davlat hokimiyati, amaldor, axborot, davlat xizmati, minimallashtirish, boshqaruv, virtual borliq, siyosiy jarayon, AKT, Akinava xartiyasi, Jeneva deklaratsiyasi, BMT, UNKB, telekommunikatsion resurs, samaradorlik, Yagona interaktiv davlat xizmatlari portali, jismoniy shaxs, yuridik shaxs.imiyat samaradorligidagi o’rni, ahamiyati, rivojlanish dinamikasi, uning virtual borliq bilan aloqadorligi, asosiy vazifalari, elektron hukumat faol qo’llanilayotgan davlatlar, shuningdek, uning huquqiy asoslari kabi qator masalalar bayon etilgan.
Soure Data
Creators: name: Sayed, Mahmoud
name: Xu, Feiyan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 30601 Catalysis and Mechanisms of Reactions
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: The source data underlying Figs. 4, 5, 6a-b, Supplementary Figs. 1, 3, 5, 6, 8-13 and Supplementary Tables 1 and 3 are provided as a Source Data file
R-Band Imaging of Fields Around 1
Creators: name: Benitez, N.
name: Martinez-Gonzalez, E.
name: Gonzalez-Serrano, J. I.
name: Cayon, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have taken deep $R$-band images of fields around five radiogalaxies: 0956+47, 1217+36, 3C256, 3C324 and 3C294 with $1
description: 20 pages, uuencoded compressed PostScript including tables. Figures available upon request. To appear in the March 1995 issue of The Astronomical Journal
Compactifying the state space for alternative theories of gravity
Creators: name: Goheer, Naureen
name: Leach, Jannie A.
name: Dunsby, Peter K. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we address important issues surrounding the choice of variables when performing a dynamical systems analysis of alternative theories of gravity. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of compactifying the state space, and illustrate this using two examples. We first show how to define a compact state space for the class of LRS Bianchi type I models in $R^n$-gravity and compare to a non--compact expansion--normalised approach. In the second example we consider the flat Friedmann matter subspace of the previous example, and compare the compact analysis to studies where non-compact non--expansion--normalised variables were used. In both examples we comment on the existence of bouncing or recollapsing orbits as well as the existence of static models.
description: 18 pages, revised to match published version
High-Quality Prediction Intervals for Deep Learning: A Distribution-Free, Ensembled Approach
Creators: name: Pearce, Tim
name: Zaki, Mohamed
name: Brintrup, Alexandra
name: Neely, Andy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper considers the generation of prediction intervals (PIs) by neural networks for quantifying uncertainty in regression tasks. It is axiomatic that high-quality PIs should be as narrow as possible, whilst capturing a specified portion of data. We derive a loss function directly from this axiom that requires no distributional assumption. We show how its form derives from a likelihood principle, that it can be used with gradient descent, and that model uncertainty is accounted for in ensembled form. Benchmark experiments show the method outperforms current state-of-the-art uncertainty quantification methods, reducing average PI width by over 10%.
Frustrated Honeycomb Heisenberg Antiferromagnet: A Schwinger Boson Approach
Creators: name: Mattsson, Ann
name: Fröjdh, Per
name: Einarsson, Torbjörn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the frustrated Heisenberg antiferromagnet defined on a honeycomb lattice using a Schwinger-boson mean-field theory. The spin-wave velocity and the susceptibility are presented as functions of the strength of the frustrating interaction for spin S=1/2, and the dynamic structure factor is calculated for various temperatures and frustrations. For large S, we find an increased Neel stability with respect to the classical case.
description: 14 pages, RevTeX 3.0. G\"oteborg ITP 93-36. Seven figures (not included) can be ordered from Ann Mattsson (tfkam@fy.chalmers.se)
Deliverbale 5.2 - Best practices in stakeholder engagement
Creators: name: O'Leary, Bethan
name: Fonseca, Caterina
name: Ferraro, Gianluca
name: Roberts, Callum
name: McCarthy, Tim
name: Casal, Gema
name: Hawkins, Julie
name: Boyd, Emily
Publisher: name: MaCoBioS
Year: 2023
Subjects: Stakeholder engagement
Europe
Nature-Based Solutions
Marine Spatial Planning
Caribbean

description: A report on the best practices in stakeholder engagement and involvment drawn from experiences synthesised by this project.
Thermal Comptonization in Mildly Relativistic Pair Plasmas
Creators: name: Skibo, J. G.
name: Dermer, C. D.
name: Ramaty, R.
name: McKinley, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a Monte Carlo simulation to calculate the spectra of mildly relativistic thermal plasmas in pair balance. We use the exact integral expression for the electron-positron thermal annihilation spectrum, and provide accurate expressions for the Gaunt factors of electron-ion, electron-electron, and electron-positron thermal bremsstrahlung in the transrelativistic temperature regime. The particles are assumed to be uniformly distributed throughout a sphere, and the pair opacity is self-consistently calculated from the energy and angular distribution of scattered photons. The resultant photon spectra are compared with the nonrelativistic diffusion treatment of Sunyaev and Titarchuk, the bridging formulas of Zdziarski, and the relativistic corrections proposed by Titarchuk. We calculate allowed pair-balanced states of thermal plasmas with no pair escape which include bremsstrahlung and internal soft photons. The results are presented in the spectral index/compactness plane, and can be directly compared with observations of spectra from AGNs and Galactic black hole candidates. By comparing with X-ray spectral indices of Seyfert AGNs and compactnesses inferred from X-ray variability data, we find that the allowed solutions for pair equilibrium plasma imply that the temperatures of Seyfert galaxies are $\lesssim 300$ keV. This prediction can be tested with more sensitive gamma-ray observations of Seyfert galaxies. We find that if the X-ray variability time scale gives an accurate measure of the compactness, pair-dominated solutions are inconsistent with the data.
description: 32 pages with 9 figures, compressed and uuencoded postscript
Conformal Symmetry and Central Charges in 4 Dimensions
Creators: name: Antoniadis, I.
name: Mazur, P. O.
name: Mottola, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The trace anomaly of matter in curved space generates an effective action for the conformal factor of the metric tensor in $D=4$ dimensions, analogous to the Polyakov action for $D=2$. We compute the contributions of the reparameterization ghosts to the central charges for $D=4$, as well as the quantum contribution of the conformal factor itself. The ghost contribution satisfies the necessary Wess-Zumino consistency condition only if combined with the spin-2 modes, whose contributions to the trace anomaly we also discuss.
description: 20 pages, corrected tex version
Is the accelerated expansion evidence of a forthcoming change of signature on the brane?
Creators: name: Mars, Marc
name: Senovilla, José M. M.
name: Vera, Raül
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that regular changes of signature on brane-worlds in AdS bulks may account for some types of the recently fashionable sudden singularities. Therefore, the possibility that the Universe seems to approach a future sudden singularity at an accelerated rate of expansion might simply be an indication that our braneworld is about to change from Lorentzian to Euclidean signature. Both the brane and the bulk remain fully regular everywhere. We present a model in which the weak and strong energy conditions hold on the brane, in contrast with the standard cosmologies leading to the analogous kinematical behaviour (that is, with a diverging Hubble factor).
description: 5 pages, 1 figure. Minor improvements in abstract and main text. New title and new reference added. To be published in PRD
SCHEDULE. STATEMENT OF SPECIAL WARRANTS signed by His honour the Lieutenant-Governor, together with the expenditure incurred thereon, between the 8th April, 1896, and 21st April, 1897, required by the "Revenue Act," Chap. 102, Sec. 42.
Creators: name: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
Publisher: name: Victoria, BC : Government Printer
Year: 2014

Abstract
Design-centered Learning : Developing Collaborative Skills by Making Games
Creators: name: Flynn, Brynn
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Design

description: Communication technology drives new opportunities and expectations for employees to collaborate across countries, continents and time zones. This has the potential to bring people together, increasingly connecting individuals with different experiences, perspectives, and areas of expertise. However, it also complicates collaboration. People working together in these situations must both adjust to differences between in-person and digital interactions, and also navigate the complexities that accompany a dynamic and diverse team. I address this need by I creating a set of design-oriented activities aimed at building a specific situation for children that affords the development of their collaborative skills. Over the course of three months, I ran a 9-session workshop with twenty-four fifth graders where the students collaboratively engaged in a game design project. During the workshop, children made physical games to teach players about the science of flight. As the students worked through this process, they investigated games and flight, developed game concepts, and then designed, play-tested and shared their games with others. Pre-post observations and test results show increases in fifth graders’ collaborative interactions and understanding of flight content. This study provides qualitative data to support the claim that game-making workshops can increase children’s collaborative skills, and lays the groundwork for further investigation.
Increased Dimensionality of Raman Cooling in a Slightly Nonorthogonal Optical Lattice
Creators: name: Neuzner, Andreas
name: Dürr, Stephan
name: Körber, Matthias
name: Ritter, Stephan
name: Rempe, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally study the effect of a slight nonorthogonality in a two-dimensional optical lattice onto resolved-sideband Raman cooling. We find that when the trap frequencies of the two lattice directions are equal, the trap frequencies of the combined potential exhibit an avoided crossing and the corresponding eigenmodes are rotated by 45 degrees relative to the lattice beams. Hence, tuning the trap frequencies makes it possible to rotate the eigenmodes such that both eigenmodes have a large projection onto any desired direction in the lattice plane, in particular, onto the direction along which Raman cooling works. Using this, we achieve two-dimensional Raman ground-state cooling in a geometry where this would be impossible, if the eigenmodes were not rotated. Our experiment is performed with a single atom inside an optical resonator but this is inessential and the scheme is expected to work equally well in other situations.
The SLUGGS Survey: A comparison of total-mass profiles of early-type galaxies from observations and cosmological simulations, to $\sim$4 effective radii
Creators: name: Bellstedt, Sabine
name: Forbes, Duncan A.
name: Romanowsky, Aaron J.
name: Remus, Rhea-Silvia
name: Stevens, Adam R. H.
name: Brodie, Jean P.
name: Poci, Adriano
name: McDermid, Richard
name: Alabi, Adebusola
name: Chevalier, Leonie
name: Adams, Caitlin
name: Ferré-Mateu, Anna
name: Wasserman, Asher
name: Pandya, Viraj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the Jeans Anisotropic MGE (JAM) dynamical modelling method to SAGES Legacy Unifying Globulars and GalaxieS (SLUGGS) survey data of early-type galaxies in the stellar mass range $10^{10}10^{10.7}{\rm M}_{\odot}$ in the Magneticum simulations, we identify a significant anticorrelation between total-mass density profile slopes and the fraction of stellar mass formed ex situ (i.e. accreted), whereas this anticorrelation is weaker for lower stellar masses, implying that the measured total mass density slopes for low-mass galaxies are less likely to be determined by merger activity.
description: Published in MNRAS. ArXiv paper replaced to reflect updated total-mass density slope values for model 2, as described by the published erratum to the original paper
Comment on ``Anomaly-Induced Magnetic Screening in (2+1) Dimensional QED at Finite Density"
Creators: name: Hagen, C. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that a recent attempt to derive the Meissner effect from first principles in a model field theory is invalid.
description: 4 pages, UR-1323, ER-40685-773
Duality and $O(d,d)$ Symmetries in String Theory
Creators: name: Maharana, Jnanadeva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of a closed bosonic string is envisaged in the time-dependent background of its massless modes. A duality transformation is implemented on the spatial component of string coordinates to obtain a dual string. It is shown that the evolution equations are manifestly $O(d,d)$ invariant. The tree level string effective actions for the original and the dual string theory are shown to be equivalent.
description: 11 pages
Enhancing Compressed Sensing 4D Photoacoustic Tomography by Simultaneous Motion Estimation
Creators: name: Lucka, Felix
name: Huynh, Nam
name: Betcke, Marta
name: Zhang, Edward
name: Beard, Paul
name: Cox, Ben
name: Arridge, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A crucial limitation of current high-resolution 3D photoacoustic tomography (PAT) devices that employ sequential scanning is their long acquisition time. In previous work, we demonstrated how to use compressed sensing techniques to improve upon this: images with good spatial resolution and contrast can be obtained from suitably sub-sampled PAT data acquired by novel acoustic scanning systems if sparsity-constrained image reconstruction techniques such as total variation regularization are used. Now, we show how a further increase of image quality can be achieved for imaging dynamic processes in living tissue (4D PAT). The key idea is to exploit the additional temporal redundancy of the data by coupling the previously used spatial image reconstruction models with sparsity-constrained motion estimation models. While simulated data from a two-dimensional numerical phantom will be used to illustrate the main properties of this recently developed joint-image-reconstruction-and-motion-estimation framework, measured data from a dynamic experimental phantom will also be used to demonstrate their potential for challenging, large-scale, real-world, three-dimensional scenarios. The latter only becomes feasible if a carefully designed combination of tailored optimization schemes is employed, which we describe and examine in more detail.
The uniformly frustrated two-dimensional XY model in the limit of weak frustration
Creators: name: Alba, Vincenzo
name: Pelissetto, Andrea
name: Vicari, Ettore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the two-dimensional uniformly frustrated XY model in the limit of small frustration, which is equivalent to an XY system, for instance a Josephson junction array, in a weak uniform magnetic field applied along a direction orthogonal to the lattice. We show that the uniform frustration (equivalently, the magnetic field) destabilizes the line of fixed points which characterize the critical behaviour of the XY model for T <= T_{KT}, where T_{KT} is the Kosterlitz-Thouless transition temperature: the system is paramagnetic at any temperature for sufficiently small frustration. We predict the critical behaviour of the correlation length and of gauge-invariant magnetic susceptibilities as the frustration goes to zero. These predictions are fully confirmed by the numerical simulations.
description: 12 pages
Stochastic Models and Analysis for Resource Management in Server Farms
Creators: name: Varun  Gupta
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Server farms are popular architectures for computing infrastructures such as supercomputing centers, data centers and web server farms. As server farms become larger and their workloads more complex, designing efficient policies for managing the resources in server farms via trial-and error becomes intractable. In this thesis, we employ stochastic modeling and analysis techniques to understand the performance of such complex systems and to guide design of policies to optimize the performance. There is a rich literature on applying stochastic modeling to diverse application areas such as telecommunication networks, inventory management, production systems, and call centers, but there are numerous disconnects between the workloads and architectures of these traditional applications of stochastic modeling and how compute server farms operate, necessitating new analytical tools. To cite a few: (i) Unlike call durations, supercomputing jobs and file sizes have high variance in service requirements and this critically affects the optimality and performance of scheduling policies. (ii) Most existing analysis of server farms focuses on the First-Come- First-Served (FCFS) scheduling discipline, while time sharing servers (e.g., web and database servers) are better modeled by the Processor- Sharing (PS) scheduling discipline. (in) Time sharing systems typically exhibit thrashing (resource contention) which limits the achievable concurrency level, but traditional models of time sharing systems ignore this fundamental phenomenon. (iv) Recently, minimizing energy consumption has become an important metric in managing server farms. State-of-the-art servers come with multiple knobs to control energy consumption, but traditional queueing models don’t take the metric of energy consumption into account. In this thesis we attempt to bridge some of these disconnects by bringing the stochastic modeling and analysis literature closer to the realities of today’s compute server farms. We introduce new queueing models for computing server farms, develop new stochastic analysis techniques to evaluate and understand these queueing models, and use the analysis to propose resource management algorithms to optimize their performance.
The exact dynamical Chern Simons metric for a spinning black hole possesses a fourth constant of motion: A Dynamical-Systems-Based Conjecture
Creators: name: Cardenas-Avendano, Alejandro
name: Gutierrez, Andres F.
name: Pachon, Leonardo A.
name: Yunes, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The recent gravitational wave observations by the LIGO/Virgo collaboration have allowed the first tests of General Relativity in the extreme gravity regime, when comparable-mass black holes and neutron stars collide. Future space-based detectors, such as the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna, will allow tests of Einstein's theory with gravitational waves emitted when a small black hole falls into a supermassive one in an extreme mass-ratio inspiral. One particular test that is tailor-made for such inspirals is the search for chaos in extreme gravity. We here study whether chaos is present in the motion of test particles around spinning black holes of parity-violating modified gravity, focusing in particular on dynamical Chern-Simons gravity. We develop a resummation strategy that restores all spin terms in the General Relativity limit, while retaining up to fifth-order-in-spin terms in the dynamical Chern-Simons corrections to the Kerr metric. We then calculate Poincaré surfaces of section and rotation numbers of a wide family of geodesics of this resummed metric. We find no evidence for geodesic chaos, with at most deformations of the resonant torii that shrink as terms of higher-order in spin are included in the dynamical Chern-Simons corrections to the Kerr metric. Our numerical findings suggest that the geodesics of the as-of-yet unknown exact solution for spinning black holes in this theory may be integrable, and that there may thus exist a fourth integral of motion associated with this exact solution. The studies presented here begin to lay the foundations for chaotic tests of General Relativity with the observation of extreme mass ratio inspirals with the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna.
description: 25 pages, 13 figures, V2: minor changes, typos corrected, version accepted by Class. and Quant. Gravity