cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Clinicopathologic Features and Risk Factors of Proteinuria in Transplant Glomerulopathy
Creators: name: Zhang, Qiang
name: Budde, Klemens
name: Schmidt, Danilo
name: Halleck, Fabian
name: Duerr, Michael
name: Naik, Marcel G.
name: Mayrdorfer, Manuel
name: Duettmann, Wiebke
name: Klauschen, Frederick
name: Rudolph, Birgit
name: Wu, Kaiyin
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: blood pressure
subject: graft function
subject: kidney transplantation
subject: proteinuria
subject: renal biopsy
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Transplant glomerulopathy (TG) is one of the main causes of post-transplant proteinuria (PU). The features and possible risk factors for proteinuria in TG patients are uncertain. Methods: We investigated all patients who had biopsy-proven TG from 2000 to 2018 in our center. The clinical and histological data were compared between two groups with or without PU (cut-off = 0.3 g/day). Spearman correlation analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between PU and pathological changes. The risk factors for PU in TG patients were determined by multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results: One hundred and twenty-five (75.76%) of all enrolled 165 TG patients had proteinuria ≥0.3 g/day at the time of biopsy. TG patients' PU level was significantly correlated with Banff lesion score cg (ρ = 0.247, P = 0.003), and mm (ρ = 0.257, P = 0.012). Systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg (OR 2.72, 95% CI 1.04-7.10, P = 0.041), diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg (OR 4.84, 95% CI 1.39-16.82, P = 0.013), peak PRA ≥5% (OR 6.47, 95% CI 1.67-25.01, P = 0.007), positive C4d staining (OR 4.55, 95% CI 1.29-16.11, 0.019), tacrolimus-based regimen (OR 3.5, 95% CI 1.28-9.54, P = 0.014), and calcium channel blocker usage (OR 4.38, 95% CI 1.59-12.09, P = 0.004) were independent risk factors for PU. Conclusions: Proteinuria is common in TG patients. systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg, peak PRA ≥5%, positive C4d staining, tacrolimus-based regimen, and calcium channel blocker usage are associated with proteinuria in TG patients.
Coarse geometry of Hecke pairs and the Baum-Connes conjecture
Creators: name: Dell'Aiera, Clément
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study Hecke pairs using the coarse geometry of their coset space and their Schlichting completion. We prove new stability results for the Baum-Connes and the Novikov conjectures in the case where the pair is co-Haagerup. This allows to generalize previous results, while providing new examples of groups satisfying the Baum-Connes conjecture with coefficients. For instance, we show that for some S-arithmetic subgroups of Sp(5,1) and Sp(3,1) the conjecture with coefficients holds.
КРИМИНОЛОГИЧЕСКОЕ ПОНЯТИЕ И ПРИЗНАКИ ОРГАНИЗОВАННОЙ ПРЕСТУПНОСТИ
Creators: name: КОТЕЛЬНИКОВА ОКСАНА АЛЕКСАНДРОВНА
Publisher: name: Государственная служба и кадры
Year: 2020
Subjects: ОРГАНИЗОВАННАЯ ПРЕСТУПНОСТЬ
ПРИЗНАКИ ОРГАНИЗОВАННОЙ ПРЕСТУПНОСТИ
ПРЕСТУПНЫЕ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ
ORGANIZED CRIME
SIGNS OF ORGANIZED CRIME
CRIMINAL GROUPS

description: В статье дается криминологическое понимание и сущность современной организованной преступности. Подробно выделяются ее характерные признаки, а также особенности функционирования преступных формирований и сообществ.
Lowest weight representations of super Schrodinger algebras in low dimensional spacetime
Creators: name: Aizawa, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the lowest weight representations of the super Schrodinger algebras introduced by Duval and Horvathy. This is done by the same procedure as the semisimple Lie algebras. Namely, all singular vectors within the Verma modules are constructed explicitly then irreducibility of the associated quotient modules is studied again by the use of singular vectors. We present the classification of irreducible Verma modules for the super Schrodinger algebras in (1+1) and (2+1) dimensional spacetime with N = 1, 2 extensions.
description: 10pages, talk given at GROUP28 conference New Castle 26-30th July 2010, reference added
The role of Npas4 and Rgs2 in the regulation of pancreatic β-cell function
Creators: name: Speckmann, Thilo
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2019

description: Pancreatic β-cells regulate systemic glycemia by releasing the glucose-lowering hormone insulin. Diabetes, a chronic metabolic disease characterized by insulin insufficiency, is linked to β-cell dysfunction with perturbed calcium homeostasis. The activity-induced, calcium-dependent transcription factor, NPAS4, reduced insulin secretion and promoted β-cell health, in part through its target gene, the GTPase-activating protein RGS2. Because our mechanistic understanding of this process remains incomplete, studying the normal physiology of calcium-dependent β-cell function may uncover new avenues for the treatment or prevention of diabetes. The overall goal of my thesis was to establish whether activity-induced NPAS4 and RGS2 expression could optimize β-cell function. Initially, I uncovered a role for CaMKII, calcineurin, and PKB in membrane depolarization-induced Npas4 mRNA and protein expression in MIN6 cells and mouse islets. Calcineurin inhibition and concurrent loss of NPAS4 showed cytotoxic increases in cleaved caspase 3 expression, which was reversed by adenovirally reinstating NPAS4 in MIN6 cells. Co-immunoprecipitation studies in MIN6 cells then uncovered competition between NPAS4 and a related transcription factor, HIF1α, for the shared heterodimerization partner, ARNT. Accordingly, HIF1α target gene expression was lower in human and mouse islets overexpressing Npas4, and higher in β-cell-specific Npas4 knockout mouse islets (N4KO). Because excessive HIF1α signalling compromises β-cell function by switching energy production from oxidative phosphorylation to anaerobic glycolysis, I examined whether N4KO mice developed functional defects. Indeed, N4KO islets showed lower oxygen consumption rate, and HFD-fed N4KO mice developed mild glucose intolerance. To understand how NPAS4 may counteract these defects, I identified shared DNA binding sites of NPAS4 and ARNT in MIN6 cells using ChIP-Seq. Among the shared sites, I observed NPAS4 and ARNT binding near Rgs2, corroborating an earlier study. I then demonstrated that RGS2 is a negative regulator of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), because Rgs2-overexpressing MIN6 cells and mouse islets showed reduced GSIS, due to lower calcium influx and oxygen consumption, whereas Rgs2 knockout cells exhibited increased GSIS. In sum, I demonstrated that NPAS4 and its target gene, RGS2, are important regulators of β-cell function. This suggests that these two factors could be promising therapeutic targets to promote β-cell health and optimize insulin secretion in diabetes.
title: METHODS FOR EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF GRAM-NEGATIVE  ABDOMINAL SURGICAL INFECTION
Creators: name: Musagaliev, Artur A.
name: Zurnadzhyants, Victor A.
name: Kchibekov, Eldar A.
name: Kokhanov, Alexander V.
Publisher: name: Astrakhan State Medical University
Year: 2021

description: Abstract. The ability of some whey proteins to specifically inactivate certain types of microor-ganisms, mainly gram-negative, was found. Based on this principle, a method for the diagnosis of ab-dominal surgical infection has been developed, which consists in the study of biological fluids in pa-tients with postoperative.
Key words: diagnostics of abdominal surgical infection, ilactoferrin, lysozyme, fibrinogen deg-radation products, mmunoglobulin G
Quantitative control of Wasserstein distance between Brownian motion and the Goldstein--Kac telegraph process
Creators: name: Barrera, Gerardo
name: Lukkarinen, Jani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60G50, 60J65, 60J99, 60K35, 35L99, 60K37, 60K40

description: In this manuscript, we provide a non-asymptotic process level control between the telegraph process and the Brownian motion with suitable diffusivity constant via a Wasserstein distance with quadratic average cost. In addition, we derive non-asymptotic estimates for the corresponding time average $p$-th moments. The proof relies on coupling techniques such as coin-flip coupling, synchronous coupling and the Komlós--Major--Tusnády coupling.
description: 60 pp
title: Ð¢ÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑ Ð¸Ð·Ð³Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð´ÐµÑÐ°Ð»Ð¸ Â«Ð¨ÐµÑÑÐµÑÐ½ÑÂ»
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Technological process of manufacturing the Â«GearÂ»
Creators: name: ÐÐ°ÑÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð², ÐÐ¼Ð¸ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2020
Subjects: ÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑ
Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ
ÑÐµÑÑÐµÑÐ½Ñ
Ð·Ð°Ð³Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐºÐ°
ÑÐ°ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð½ÑÐ¹ ÑÐµÐ·ÐµÑ
ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð»ÐµÐºÑ Ð¼ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÐºÐ¾Ð²
ÑÐµÑÐ²ÑÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÑÑÐµÐ·Ð°
Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð°ÑÑÐºÐ°
Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ
technological process
design
gear
billet
shaped cutter
set of taps
worm mill
tooling
fixture

description: Ð Ð¿ÐµÑÐ²Ð¾Ð¼ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð´ÐµÐ»Ðµ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ°Ð¿Ð½Ð¾ Ð¾Ð¿Ð¸ÑÐ°Ð½Ð° ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ° ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÐ° Ð¸Ð·Ð³Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð´ÐµÑÐ°Ð»Ð¸ Â«Ð¨ÐµÑÑÐµÑÐ½ÑÂ» Ð² ÑÑÐ»Ð¾Ð²Ð¸ÑÑ ÑÑÐµÐ´Ð½ÐµÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð¹Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¸Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ð´ÑÑÐ²Ð° Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð²ÑÐµ Ð½ÐµÐ¾Ð±ÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¸Ð¼ÑÐµ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÐµ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ¸ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð»ÐµÐºÑÐ° ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð´Ð¾ÐºÑÐ¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸. ÐÐ¾ Ð²ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð¼ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð´ÐµÐ»Ðµ Ð±ÑÐ»Ð¸ ÑÐ¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ñ ÑÐµÐ¶ÑÑÐ¸Ðµ Ð¸Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐ¼ÐµÐ½ÑÑ ÑÐ»Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ð»Ñ: ÑÐ°ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð½ÑÐ¹ ÑÐµÐ·ÐµÑ, ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð»ÐµÐºÑ Ð¼ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÐºÐ¾Ð² Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð½Ð°ÑÐµÐ·Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¼ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ ÑÐµÐ·ÑÐ±Ñ Ð¸ ÑÐµÑÐ²ÑÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÑÑÐµÐ·Ð° Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð½Ð°ÑÐµÐ·Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ¸Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ð´ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð·ÑÐ±ÑÐ°ÑÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð»ÐµÑ. Ð ÑÑÐµÑÑÐµÐ¼ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð´ÐµÐ»Ðµ, Ð¸ÑÑÐ¾Ð´Ñ Ð¸Ð· Ð·Ð°Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð¾Ð¿ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸, Ð±ÑÐ»Ð° ÑÐ¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð° Ð³Ð¸Ð´ÑÐ¾Ð¿Ð»Ð°ÑÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ñ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ°Ð²ÐºÐ° Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð·ÑÐ±Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ·ÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÑÐ°Ð½ÐºÐ°.
description: The first section of this work describes step-by-step the development of the manufacturing process of the part "Front wheel hub" in the conditions of medium-scale production and received all the necessary data for the development of a set of technological documentation. In the second section, cutting tools of a complex profile were designed: a shaped cutter, a set of taps for cutting metric threads, and a worm cutter for cutting cylindrical gears. In the third section, in accordance with a given operation, a hydro-plastic mandrel for gear hobbing operation was designed.
A Reproducible Bioprinted 3D Tumor Model Serves as a Preselection Tool for CAR T Cell Therapy Optimization
Creators: name: Grunewald, Laura
name: Lam, Tobias
name: Andersch, Lena
name: Klaus, Anika
name: Schwiebert, Silke
name: Winkler, Annika
name: Gauert, Anton
name: Heeren-Hagemann, Anja I.
name: Astrahantseff, Kathy
name: Klironomos, Filippos
name: Thomas, Alexander
name: Deubzer, Hedwig E.
name: Henssen, Anton G.
name: Eggert, Angelika
name: Schulte, Johannes H.
name: Anders, Kathleen
name: Kloke, Lutz
name: Künkele, Annette
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: CAR T cells
subject: neuroblastoma
subject: T cell infiltration
subject: 3D tumor model
subject: bioprint technology
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell performance against solid tumors in mouse models and clinical trials is often less effective than predicted by CAR construct selection in two-dimensional (2D) cocultures. Three-dimensional (3D) solid tumor architecture is likely to be crucial for CAR T cell efficacy. We used a three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting approach for large-scale generation of highly reproducible 3D human tumor models for the test case, neuroblastoma, and compared these to 2D cocultures for evaluation of CAR T cells targeting the L1 cell adhesion molecule, L1CAM. CAR T cells infiltrated the model, and both CAR T and tumor cells were viable for long-term experiments and could be isolated as single-cell suspensions for whole-cell assays quantifying CAR T cell activation, effector function and tumor cell cytotoxicity. L1CAM-specific CAR T cell activation by neuroblastoma cells was stronger in the 3D model than in 2D cocultures, but neuroblastoma cell lysis was lower. The bioprinted 3D neuroblastoma model is highly reproducible and allows detection and quantification of CAR T cell tumor infiltration, representing a superior in vitro analysis tool for preclinical CAR T cell characterization likely to better select CAR T cells for in vivo performance than 2D cocultures.
Self-aligned Spatial Feature Extraction Network for UAV Vehicle Re-identification
Creators: name: Yao, Aihuan
name: Qi, Jiahao
name: Zhong, Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Compared with existing vehicle re-identification (ReID) tasks conducted with datasets collected by fixed surveillance cameras, vehicle ReID for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is still under-explored and could be more challenging. Vehicles with the same color and type show extremely similar appearance from the UAV's perspective so that mining fine-grained characteristics becomes necessary. Recent works tend to extract distinguishing information by regional features and component features. The former requires input images to be aligned and the latter entails detailed annotations, both of which are difficult to meet in UAV application. In order to extract efficient fine-grained features and avoid tedious annotating work, this letter develops an unsupervised self-aligned network consisting of three branches. The network introduced a self-alignment module to convert the input images with variable orientations to a uniform orientation, which is implemented under the constraint of triple loss function designed with spatial features. On this basis, spatial features, obtained by vertical and horizontal segmentation methods, and global features are integrated to improve the representation ability in embedded space. Extensive experiments are conducted on UAV-VeID dataset, and our method achieves the best performance compared with recent ReID works.
The $g_{Σ_QΣ_Qπ}$ Coupling Constant via Light Cone QCD Sum Rules
Creators: name: Azizi, K.
name: Bayar, M.
name: Ozpineci, A.
name: Sarac, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the most general form of the interpolating currents, the coupling constants $g_{Σ_bΣ_bπ}$ and $g_{Σ_cΣ_cπ}$ are calculated within the light cone QCD sum rules approach. It is found that $g_{{Σ_{c}Σ_{c}π}}=-8.0\pm1.7$ and $g_{{Σ_{b}Σ_{b}π}}=-11.0\pm2.1$.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
УГОЛОВНО-ПРАВОВЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ НЕОКАЗАНИЯ ПОМОЩИ БОЛЬНОМУ В ПЕРИОД ПАНДЕМИИ COVID-19
Creators: name: МАМОНТОВ ДЕНИС ЮРЬЕВИЧ
Publisher: name: Государственная служба и кадры
Year: 2020
Subjects: ПРЕСТУПЛЕНИЕ
КРАЙНЯЯ НЕОБХОДИМОСТЬ
ОБСТОЯТЕЛЬСТВА ИСКЛЮЧАЮЩИЕ ПРЕСТУПНОСТЬ ДЕЯНИЯ
ПАНДЕМИЯ
НЕОКАЗАНИЕ ПОМОЩИ
ПОСТРАДАВШИЙ
БОЛЬНОЙ
ОТКАЗ В ОКАЗАНИИ ПОМОЩИ
CRIME
EMERGENCY
CIRCUMSTANCES PRECLUDING CRIMINALITY
PANDEMIC
FAILURE TO PROVIDE ASSISTANCE
VICTIM
PATIENT
REFUSAL TO PROVIDE ASSISTANCE

description: Статья посвящена рассмотрению проблемы правовой регламентации и практической реализации обязанности субъектов преступления, предусмотренного ст. 124 УК РФ, по оказанию помощи больному в период пандемии COVID-19. Проводится анализ существующих нормативных правовых актов и работ ученых-юристов и медиков в этой сфере.
A Philosophical Treatise of Universal Induction
Creators: name: Rathmanner, Samuel
name: Hutter, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Understanding inductive reasoning is a problem that has engaged mankind for thousands of years. This problem is relevant to a wide range of fields and is integral to the philosophy of science. It has been tackled by many great minds ranging from philosophers to scientists to mathematicians, and more recently computer scientists. In this article we argue the case for Solomonoff Induction, a formal inductive framework which combines algorithmic information theory with the Bayesian framework. Although it achieves excellent theoretical results and is based on solid philosophical foundations, the requisite technical knowledge necessary for understanding this framework has caused it to remain largely unknown and unappreciated in the wider scientific community. The main contribution of this article is to convey Solomonoff induction and its related concepts in a generally accessible form with the aim of bridging this current technical gap. In the process we examine the major historical contributions that have led to the formulation of Solomonoff Induction as well as criticisms of Solomonoff and induction in general. In particular we examine how Solomonoff induction addresses many issues that have plagued other inductive systems, such as the black ravens paradox and the confirmation problem, and compare this approach with other recent approaches.
description: 72 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, LaTeX
Synthesis of acetamidosulfonamide derivatives with antioxidative and QSAR studies
Creators: name: Worachartcheewan, Apilak
name: Pisutjaroenpong, Somchai
name: Pingaew, Ratchanok
name: Prachayasittikul, Supaluk
name: Siriwong, Suphakit
name: Ruchirawat, Somsak
name: Prachayasittikul, Virapong
Publisher: name: IfADo - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund
Year: 2022
Subjects: sulfonamides
antioxidants
superoxide dismutase
QSAR
rational design

description: A series of sixteen acetamidosulfonamide derivatives (1-16) have been synthesized and investigated for their antioxidant (radical scavenging and superoxide dismutase (SOD)) and antimicrobial activities. Most compounds exhibited antioxidant activities in which compound 15 displayed the most potent radical scavenging and SOD activities. Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) has been studied using multiple linear regression. The constructed QSAR models displayed high correlation coefficient (Q2/LOO-CV = 0.9708 and 0.8753 for RSA and SOD activities, respectively), but low root mean square error (RMSELOO-CV = 0.5105 and 1.3571 for RSA and SOD activities, respectively). The structure-activity relationship showed that an ethylene group connected to pyridine ring provided significant antioxidant activities. The QSAR models give insight into the rational designed of eighty new sulfonamides with various electron donating and withdrawing groups. The top five new designed sulfonamides with nitro group are potential antioxidants to be further developed for medicinal applications.
description: EXCLI Journal; 21:Doc360; ISSN 1611-2156
Anomaly-free scale symmetry and gravity
Creators: name: Shaposhnikov, Mikhail
name: Tokareva, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this Letter, we address the question of whether the conformal invariance can be considered as a global symmetry of a theory of fundamental interactions. To describe Nature, this theory must contain a mechanism of spontaneous breaking of the scale symmetry. Besides that, the fundamental theory must include gravity, whereas all known extensions of the conformal invariance to the curved space-time suffer from the Weyl anomaly. We show that conformal symmetry can be made free from the quantum anomaly only in the flat space. The presence of gravity would reduce the global symmetry group of the fundamental theory to the scale invariance only. We discuss how the effective Lagrangian respecting the scale symmetry can be used for the description of particle phenomenology and cosmology.
description: An error in the generic solution for anomaly-free Weyl transformation is corrected. The updated conclusion is that gravity reduces conformal symmetry to the scale symmetry
УГОЛОВНО-ПРАВОВОЙ АНАЛИЗ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ ПРЕСТУПЛЕНИЙ
Creators: name: НАСРУДИНОВ ГАДЖИМУРАД МУРАДОВИЧ
Publisher: name: Государственная служба и кадры
Year: 2020
Subjects: ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ ПРЕСТУПНОСТЬ
ОРГАНИЗОВАННАЯ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ ПРЕСТУПНОСТЬ
АНАЛИЗ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ ПРЕСТУПЛЕНИЙ
ECONOMIC CRIME
ORGANIZED CRIMINAL GROUP
ANALYSIS OF ECONOMIC CRIMES

description: В статье раскрыты общие проблемы экономических преступлений, проведен анализ экономических преступлений. Также в работе подчеркнуты ключевые направления преступлений экономического характера.
Tuned Regularized Estimators for Linear Regression via Covariance Fitting
Creators: name: Mattsson, Per
name: Zachariah, Dave
name: Stoica, Petre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the problem of finding tuned regularized parameter estimators for linear models. We start by showing that three known optimal linear estimators belong to a wider class of estimators that can be formulated as a solution to a weighted and constrained minimization problem. The optimal weights, however, are typically unknown in many applications. This begs the question, how should we choose the weights using only the data? We propose using the covariance fitting SPICE-methodology to obtain data-adaptive weights and show that the resulting class of estimators yields tuned versions of known regularized estimators - such as ridge regression, LASSO, and regularized least absolute deviation. These theoretical results unify several important estimators under a common umbrella. The resulting tuned estimators are also shown to be practically relevant by means of a number of numerical examples.
Numerical Calculation of Schwinger-Dyson Equation with Momentum-Dependent Gauge Parameter at Finite Temperature
Creators: name: Sasagawa, Shuji
name: Tanaka, Hidekazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chiral symmetry at finite temperature is studied using the Schwinger-Dyson equation. We calculate numerically the critical temperature using the Schwinger-Dyson equation with the gauge parameter that depends on an external momentum. The critical temperature obtained by this method is similar to that with the Landau gauge and wave function renormalization constant 1. Moreover, the gauge invariance in the ladder approximation is examined using our method.
description: 15 page, 12 figures
Conserved cosmological perturbations in USR inflation and bouncing scenarios
Creators: name: Raveendran, Rathul Nath
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inflationary and bouncing scenarios are two frameworks that provide the mechanism to overcome the horizon problem as well as generate the primordial perturbations. In this work, we investigate the conservation of perturbations in single-field models of both inflationary and bouncing scenarios, where the quantity, $z = a \, \rm d ϕ/{\rm d}\log a$, with $a$ representing the scale factor and $ϕ$ denoting the scalar field, decreases with time. We observe that this behaviour occurs during the ultra-slow-roll phase in the context of inflation and the contracting phase in the context of bounce. We show that the conjugate momentum associated with the comoving curvature perturbation during both the ultra-slow-roll phase and the contracting phase of bouncing scenarios is conserved in the super-Hubble limit. We illustrate that, within the framework of inflation, this conservation of momentum allows for the evolution of perturbations across the ultra-slow-roll phase, enabling the calculation of the power spectrum for modes that exit the Hubble radius before the ultra-slow-roll phase begins. Similarly, in the context of a bounce, we can determine the power spectrum after the bounce using this method. We support our approach with both numerical and analytical arguments.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, comments are welcome
XMM Observations of the Seyfert 2 Galaxy NGC 7590: the Nature of X-ray Absorption
Creators: name: Shu, X. W.
name: Liu, T.
name: Wang, J. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the analysis of three XMM observations of the Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 7590. The source was found to have no X-ray absorption in the low spatial resolution ASCA data. The XMM observations provide a factor of 10 better spatial resolution than previous ASCA data. We find that the X-ray emission of NGC 7590 is dominated by an off-nuclear ULX and extended emission from the host galaxy. The nuclear X-ray emission is rather weak comparing with the host galaxy. Based on its very low X-ray luminosity as well as the small ratio between the 2-10 keV and the [O III] fluxes, we interpret NGC 7590 as Compton-thick rather than being an "unobscured" Seyfert 2 galaxy. Future higher resolution observations such as Chandra are crucial to shed light on the nature of NGC 7590 nucleus.
description: The Astrophysical Journal, Accepted (15 pages, 4 figures)
КОЛИЧЕСТВЕННЫ Й И КАЧЕСТВЕННЫЙ ВИДЫ ЭКСЦЕССА ИСПОЛНИТЕЛЯ ПРЕСТУПЛЕНИЯ
Creators: name: МАКСИМОВ АНДРЕЙ СЕРГЕЕВИЧ
name: НЕШАТАЕВ ВЛАДИМИР НИКОЛАЕВИЧ
Publisher: name: Государственная служба и кадры
Year: 2020
Subjects: ПРЕСТУПЛЕНИЕ
СОУЧАСТИЕ
ЭКСЦЕСС ИСПОЛНИТЕЛЯ
КОЛИЧЕСТВЕННЫЙ ЭКСЦЕСС
CRIME
COMPLICITY
KURTOSIS OF THE PERFORMER
QUANTITATIVE KURTOSIS

description: В статье рассмотрен такой институт уголовного права, как соучастие в преступлении, а также вопрос уголовной ответственности соучастников при наличии эксцесса исполнителя. Определены вида эксцесса исполнителя преступления.
Managing the tree row understorey in agroforestry systems - Gestão do subcoberto nas linhas das árvores
Creators: name: Reubens, Bert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity; productivity; efficiency; alley cropping; silvoarable
Biodiversidade; produtividade; eficiência; culturas nas linhas das árvores; sistemas silvoaráveis

description: Factsheet do projeto AFINET - Numa exploração agroflorestal de gestão silvoarável existe sempre uma área debaixo das copas das árvores onde o cultivo é mais difícil, designada por entrelinhas das árvores.
LDP and CLT for SPDEs with Transport Noise
Creators: name: Galeati, Lucio
name: Luo, Dejun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this work we consider solutions to stochastic partial differential equations with transport noise, which are known to converge, in a suitable scaling limit, to solution of the corresponding deterministic PDE with an additional viscosity term. Large deviations and Gaussian fluctuations underlying such scaling limit are investigated in two cases of interest: stochastic linear transport equations in dimension $D\geq 2$ and $2$D Euler equations in vorticity form. In both cases, a central limit theorem with strong convergence and explicit rate is established. The proofs rely on nontrivial tools, like the solvability of transport equations with supercritical coefficients and $Γ$-convergence arguments.
description: 47 pages
State retrieval beyond Bayes' retrodiction
Creators: name: Surace, Jacopo
name: Scandi, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of irreversible dynamics, associating to a physical process its intuitive reverse can result to be a quite ambiguous task. It is a standard choice to define the reverse process using Bayes' theorem, but, in general, this choice is not optimal. In this work we explore whether it is possible to characterise an optimal reverse map building from the concept of state retrieval maps. In doing so, we propose a set of principles that state retrieval maps should satisfy. We find out that the Bayes inspired reverse is just one case in a whole class of possible choices, which can be optimised to give a map retrieving the initial state more precisely than the Bayes rule. Our analysis has the advantage of naturally extending to the quantum regime. In fact, we find a class of reverse transformations containing the Petz recovery map as a particular case, corroborating its interpretation as quantum analogue of the Bayes retrieval. Finally, we present numerical evidences that by adding a single extra axiom one can isolate the usual reverse process derived from Bayes' theorem.
Eye movements as indicators of visual and cognitive processing
Creators: name: Fooken, Jolande
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2019

description: Natural tasks, such as catching a ball, involve the decision whether, when, and where to act. This dissertation examines the relationship between eye and hand movements during goal-directed manual interceptions that require rapid sensorimotor decisions. Human observers viewed and predicted the motion path of a briefly presented moving target and intercepted it at its assumed end position. Observers naturally tracked the moving target to guide interceptive hand movements. To probe the tight eye-hand link, I investigated the effect of perceptual-motor training on eye and hand movement quality (Chapter 2). Results indicate a mutual benefit of training eye and hand movements concurrently. Eye movement training alone was not sufficient to improve hand movement accuracy. However, training that required an active sensorimotor decision (eye or hand interception) enhanced eye movement quality. Next, I tested the role of eye movements during go/no-go decisions. Observers predicted whether targets passed through (go required) or missed (no-go required) a strike box. Observers' eye movements differentiated between decision outcome (go vs. no-go) on a trial-by-trial basis with an overall accuracy of 76% (Chapter 3). Moreover, I found that different eye movement phases were linked to a two-stage decision process. Whereas eye velocity during pursuit initiation corresponded to go/no-go decision accuracy, pursuit maintenance was related to successful interception timing (Chapter 4). Finally, I investigated the role of movement constraints on decision accuracy by manipulating response modality (button press vs. interceptive hand movement) and eye movements (free viewing vs. fixation; Chapter 5). Decision formation occurred earlier but less accurately when an interceptive hand movement had to be planned and executed. Eye movements (compared to fixation) enhanced decision accuracy regardless of response modality. These results indicate that perceptual decision formation occurs dynamically, relying on the continuous updating of sensory information until an action is required. In sum, this dissertation provides evidence that eye movements are directly related to neural signatures of perceptual decision making. Furthermore, eye and hand movements show interdependencies during visual predictions and manual interception. This work highlights the potential of studying eye movements as continuous readouts of ongoing sensorimotor and cognitive processes during natural tasks.
ВОЗМОЖНЫЕ ПУТИ РЕШЕНИЯ ПО ПРОТИВОДЕЙСТВИЮ МОШЕННИЧЕСТВУ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ СРЕДСТВ МАТЕРИНСКОГО (СЕМЕЙНОГО) КАПИТАЛА НА ОСНОВЕ АНАЛИЗА СУЩЕСТВУЮЩИХ МОШЕННИЧЕСКИХ СХЕМ
Creators: name: СЕВОСЯН НАРИНЕ ТИГРАНОВНА
Publisher: name: Государственная служба и кадры
Year: 2020
Subjects: ГОСУДАРСТВЕННАЯ ПОДДЕРЖКА
ИПОТЕКА
КРЕДИТ
МАТЕРИНСКИЙ КАПИТАЛ
МОШЕННИЧЕСТВО
ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ СЕРТИФИКАТ
GOVERNMENT SUPPORT
MORTGAGE
BANK LOAN
MATERNITY CAPITAL
FRAUD ON RECEIPT OF PAYMENTS
STATE CERTIFICATE

description: В статье рассматриваются вопросы о материнском (семейном) капитале как инструменте государственной поддержки. Анализируется судебная практика решения вопросов по противодействию мошенничеству с использованием средств материнского (семейного) капитала, ответственность за которое предусмотрена ст. 159.2 УК РФ, в целях выявления мер предупреждения преступности. Автором дается ряд предложений, которые позволили бы предотвратить и раскрыть преступления и повысить эффективность данного инструмента государственной поддержки.
ДИФФЕРЕНЦИАЦИЯ ОТВЕТСТВЕННОСТИ ПО ПРИЗНАКУ МЕСТА СБЫТА НАРКОТИЧЕСКИХ СРЕДСТВ, ПСИХОТРОПНЫХ ВЕЩЕСТВ ИЛИ ИХ АНАЛОГОВ
Creators: name: ТЕМБОТОВА МАРЬЯНА АРСЕНОВНА
name: СОКТОЕВ ЗОРИКТО БОРИСОВИЧ
Publisher: name: Государственная служба и кадры
Year: 2020
Subjects: ПРЕСТУПЛЕНИЕ
УГОЛОВНАЯ ОТВЕТСТВЕННОСТЬ
ОТЯГЧАЮЩИЕ ОБСТОЯТЕЛЬСТВА
МЕСТО ПРЕСТУПЛЕНИЯ
НАРКОТИЧЕСКИЕ СРЕДСТВА
ПСИХОТРОПНЫЕ ВЕЩЕСТВА
CRIME
CRIMINAL RESPONSIBILITY
AGGRAVATING CIRCUMSTANCES
LOCUS DELICTI
NARCOTIC DRUGS
PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES

description: Рассмотрена практика применения п. «а» ч. 2 ст. 228.1 УК РФ. С учетом актуальности дифференциации ответственности за наркопреступления даны рекомендации по совершенствованию этой нормы. Отмечается, что использованная при конструировании нормы терминология приводит к противоречивой правоприменительной практике. Предлагается при модернизации квалифицирующего признака, предусмотренного п. «а» ч. 2 ст. 228.1 УК РФ, учитывать также положения Конвенции ООН о борьбе против незаконного оборота наркотических средств и психотропных веществ 1988 г.
Thermal and chemical properties of the eROSITA bubbles from Suzaku observations
Creators: name: Gupta, Anjali
name: Mathur, Smita
name: Kingsbury, Josh
name: Das, Sanskriti
name: Krongold, Yair
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The X-ray bright bubbles at the Galactic Center provide an opportunity to understand the effects of feedback on galaxy evolution. The shells of the eROSITA bubbles show enhanced X-ray emission over the sky background. Previously, these shells were assumed to have a single temperature component and to trace the shock-heated lower-temperature halo gas. Using Suzaku observations, we show that the X-ray emission of the shells is more complex and best described by a two-temperature thermal model: one component close to the Galaxy's virial temperature and the other at super-virial temperatures. Furthermore, we demonstrate that temperatures of the virial and super-virial components are similar in the shells and in the ambient medium, although the emission measures are significantly higher in the shells. This leads us to conclude that the eROSITA bubble shells are X-ray bright because they trace denser gas, not because they are hotter. Given that the pre- and post-shock temperatures are similar and the compression ratio of the shock is high, we rule out that the bubble shells trace adiabatic shocks, in contrast to what was assumed in previous studies. We also observe non-solar Ne/O and Mg/O ratios in the shells, favouring stellar feedback models for the formation of the bubbles and settling a long-standing debate on their origin.
description: Published in Nature Astronomy
Error estimates for a finite volume scheme for advection-diffusion equations with rough coefficients
Creators: name: Navarro-Fernández, Víctor
name: Schlichting, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the implicit upwind finite volume scheme for numerically approximating the advection-diffusion equation with a vector field in the low regularity DiPerna-Lions setting. That is, we are concerned with advecting velocity fields that are spatially Sobolev regular and data that are merely integrable. We study the implicit upwind finite volume scheme for numerically approximating the advection-diffusion equation with a vector field in the low regularity DiPerna-Lions setting. We prove that on unstructured regular meshes the rate of convergence of approximate solutions generated by the upwind scheme towards the unique solution of the continuous model is at least one. The numerical error is estimated in terms of logarithmic Kantorovich-Rubinstein distances and provides thus a bound on the rate of weak convergence.
description: 27 pages. Revised version with improved main result uniform in the diffusion constant
Pseudo-Dipole Signal Removal from WMAP Data
Creators: name: Liu, Hao
name: Li, Ti-Pei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is discovered in our previous work that different observational systematics, e.g., errors of antenna pointing directions, asynchronous between the attitude and science data, can generate pseudo-dipole signal in full-sky maps of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy published by The Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) team. Now the antenna sidelobe response to the Doppler signal is found to be able to produce similar effect as well. In this work, independent to the sources, we uniformly model the pseudo-dipole signal and remove it from published WMAP7 CMB maps by model fitting. The result demonstrates that most of the released WMAP CMB quadrupole is artificial.
description: V3: using WMAP7 data
The Arrhenius formula in kinetic theory and Witten's spectral asymptotics
Creators: name: Kozyrev, S. V.
name: Volovich, I. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new approach to the proof of the Arrhenius formula of kinetic theory is proposed. We prove this formula starting from the equation of diffusion in a potential. We put this diffusion equation in the form of evolutionary equation generated by some Schroedinger operator. We show that the Arrhenius formula for the rate of over the barrier transitions follows from the formula for the rate of quantum tunnel transitions for the considered Schroedinger operator. Relation of the proposed approach and the Witten method of the proof of the Morse inequalities is discussed. In our approach the Witten spectral asymptotics takes the form of the low temperature limit and the Arrhenius formula is a correction to the Witten asymptotics.
description: some misprints corrected
On asymptotic extension dimension
Creators: name: Repovš, Dušan
name: Zarichnyi, Mykhailo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 54F45, 54C40, 55M10

description: The aim of this paper is to introduce an asymptotic counterpart of the extension dimension defined by Dranishnikov. The main result establishes a relation between the asymptotic extensional dimension of a proper metric space and extension dimension of its Higson corona.
К ВОПРОСУ О ПРОТИВОДЕЙСТВИИ КОРЫСТНОЙ ПРЕСТУПНОСТИ ОСУЖДЕННЫХ И МЕСТО В НЕМ УГОЛОВНО-ПРАВОВОГО ПРЕДУПРЕЖДЕНИЯ
Creators: name: ЯКОВЛЕВА ВЕРА МИХАЙЛОВНА
Publisher: name: Государственная служба и кадры
Year: 2020
Subjects: ПРОТИВОДЕЙСТВИЕ ПРЕСТУПНОСТИ
БОРЬБА С ПРЕСТУПНОСТЬЮ
ПРОФИЛАКТИКА
ПРЕДУПРЕЖДЕНИЕ
КОРЫСТНАЯ ПРЕСТУПНОСТЬ
COMBATING CRIME
FIGHT AGAINST CRIME
PREVENTION
PREVENTION OF CRIME
MERCENARY CRIME

description: В статье на основании анализа терминов «борьба с преступностью», «противодействие преступности», «профилактика преступности», «предупреждение преступности», исходя из их семантического значения, использования в законодательных источниках и научной литературе, автор делает вывод об отсутствии единого подхода к их пониманию. Автором предлагается собственное понятие термина «противодействие преступности» и места в нем уголовно-правовых мер предупреждения, формирующихся средствами и формами профилактического воздействия, порядок применения которых регламентирован в нормах Уголовного кодекса.
Charting a Course for Culturally Responsive Physical Education
Creators: name: Robinson, Daniel B.
name: Lunney Borden, Lisa
name: Robinson, Ingrid M.
Publisher: name: Alberta Journal of Educational Research
Year: 2013

description: In this article, we explore the absence of understanding related to culturally responsive pedagogy in physical education for Aboriginal students. In so doing, we examine the limited literature related to culturally responsive physical education and the especially limited literature dedicated to Aboriginal students within physical education. Recognizing that this absence should present a very obvious concern for pre-service physical education teachers, in-service physical education teachers, teacher educators, and most importantly, Aboriginal students themselves, we borrow from the few most notable pedagogues who share our concern and offer a framework and suggestions for future practice and inquiry. We make these suggestions for future practice and inquiry with the wholehearted belief that a commitment to culturally responsive pedagogy can improve upon the immediate and long-term physical education experiences of Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal students. Dans cet article, nous portons notre attention sur le manque de compréhension par rapport à la pédagogie tenant compte de la réalité culturelle des élèves autochtones dans les cours d’éducation physique. Ainsi, nous étudions le nombre limité de publications qui touchent les cours d’éducation physique adaptés à la culture, et notamment celles, encore plus limitées, qui traitent de la culture autochtone. Reconnaissant que cette lacune devrait constituer une préoccupation bien évidente pour les stagiaires en éducation physique, les enseignants en éducation physique, les formateurs d’enseignants et, surtout, les élèves autochtones eux-mêmes, nous puisons chez les pédagogues importants qui partagent nos préoccupations (ils sont peu nombreux) et offrons un cadre et des suggestions pour des pratiques et des recherches futures. Nous proposons ces suggestions pour les pratiques et les études futures, sincèrement convaincus qu’un engagement visant une pédagogie adaptée à la culture peut améliorer, dans l’immédiat et à long terme, les expériences des élèves autochtones et non-autochtones dans les cours d’éducation physique.
description: Alberta Journal of Educational Research, Vol. 58 No. 4 (2012): Winter
Localization in Ensemble Kalman inversion
Creators: name: Tong, Xin T.
name: Morzfeld, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Ensemble Kalman inversion (EKI) is a technique for the numerical solution of inverse problems. A great advantage of the EKI's ensemble approach is that derivatives are not required in its implementation. But theoretically speaking, EKI's ensemble size needs to surpass the dimension of the problem. This is because of EKI's "subspace property", i.e., that the EKI solution is a linear combination of the initial ensemble it starts off with. We show that the ensemble can break out of this initial subspace when "localization" is applied. In essence, localization enforces an assumed correlation structure onto the problem, and is heavily used in ensemble Kalman filtering and data assimilation. We describe and analyze how to apply localization to the EKI, and how localization helps the EKI ensemble break out of the initial subspace. Specifically, we show that the localized EKI (LEKI) ensemble will collapse to a single point (as intended) and that the LEKI ensemble mean will converge to the global optimum at a sublinear rate. Under strict assumptions on the localization procedure and observation process, we further show that the data misfit decays uniformly. We illustrate our ideas and theoretical developments with numerical examples with simplified toy problems, a Lorenz model, and an inversion of electromagnetic data, where some of our mathematical assumptions may only be approximately valid.
description: 37 pages, 7 figures
Simulations of passive and active filament suspensions
Creators: name: Schöller, Simon Felix
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: This thesis is concerned with methods to compute the dynamics of flexible, inextensible filaments in viscous fluids. It includes applications of such methods to microscopic, sperm-like swimmers. Flexible filaments, subject to active or passive internal stresses or external forces, are commonly studied in connection with biological processes. Examples include flagella and cilia, elastic appendages used by various types of cells and organisms to propel themselves through a medium. From a computational viewpoint, suspensions that contain large numbers of flexible filaments pose a challenging multi-body fluid-structure interaction problem. It involves long-range interactions between filaments, where each filament’s individual dynamics are non-linear and include geometric constraints. Additionally, modelling suspensions of filaments that evolve from some initial configuration typically requires long simulation times to sample from a steady-state distribution. In this thesis, a framework for numerical simulations of both, passive and active flexible filaments is laid out. The numerical methods and their implementations detailed here include implicit multi-stepping, fast methods for solving the Stokesian mobility problem, and specialised parameterisations of filament configurations. The methods’ capabilities are explored and exploited to model suspensions of sedimenting semi-flexible filaments and undulating swimmers. This allows us to draw qualitative conclusions about the collective dynamics of undulating filaments. Extending the filament model by including rigid cell heads allows us to study quantitatively the collective dynamics of sperm-like swimmers. The swimmer model resolves mechanical features of deforming, interacting sperm cells while neglecting the swimmers’ response to environmental cues and their individual morphology. We find that details of individual swimmers’ propulsion mechanics, such as the level of variability of their actuation frequencies, may affect the collective dynamics of large numbers of interacting swimmers.