cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
e-shape pilot S5-P5 - Monitoring fishing activity
Creators: name: CAMPOS, Aida
Publisher: name: GEO Knowledge Hub
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biotic renewable resources
Marine resources
Bioeconomy
e-shape
Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA)
European Commission
H2020
Group on Earth Observation
GEO
EuroGEO
Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD)
Water Resources Management Showcase

description: Reconciling food security with the sustainable use of biotic renewable resources, including marine resources, while ensuring environmental protection is the major aim of the Bioeconomy Strategy. The current policy context in which the Bioeconomy operates is included in the agendas of the UN, embedded in the SDGs, and in the EU, demanding better monitoring and assessment frameworks. In this pilot, access to high quality monitoring data on marine ecosystems, including data on the human uses and environmental data, is determinant in driving research and promoting better advice in line with the Common fishing Policy (CFP) and the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) objectives.AcknowledgmentThe e-shape project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement 820852.
Associations between positive treatment outcome expectations, illness understanding, and outcomes: a cohort study on non-operative treatment of first carpometacarpal osteoarthritis
Creators: name: van der Oest, Mark J. W.
name: Hoogendam, Lisa
name: Wouters, Robbert M.
name: Vermeulen, Guus M.
name: Slijper, Harm P.
name: Selles, Rudd W.
name: Vranceanu, Ana-Maria
name: Porsius, Jarry T.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: More positive outcome expectations and illness perceptions are associated with better outcomes for patients with several osteoarthritic orthopedic conditions. However, it is unknown whether these factors also influence outcomes of non-operative treatment for first carpometacarpal osteoarthritis (CMC-1 OA). Therefore, we assess the role of pre-treatment outcome expectations and illness perceptions in reports of pain and hand function 3 months after non-operative treatment for CMC-1 OA. We conducted a cohort study with 219 patients treated non-operatively for CMC-1 OA between September 2017 and October 2018. Patients were included in the study if they completed measures of pain and hand function, illness perceptions (scale: 0–10), and expectations (scale: 3–27) as part of routine outcome measurements. Pain and hand function were measured before treatment and 3 months after starting treatment using the Dutch version of the Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire. Multivariable linear regression analysis was used to assess the influence of outcome expectations and illness perceptions on pain and hand function. Both positive outcome expectations (B = 0.64; 95% CI [0.1–1.2]) and a better illness understanding (an illness perception subdomain; B = 1.53; 95% CI [0.2–2.9]) at baseline were associated with less pain at 3 months. For hand function, similar estimates were found. We found that positive outcome expectations and a better illness understanding, were associated with a better outcome of non-operative treatment for CMC-1 OA.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONNon-operative treatment can often be successful for patients with arthritis of the thumb.Outcome expectations and illness perceptions are associated with pain and hand function 3 months after non-operative treatment for thumb base osteoarthritis.Improving the outcome expectations and illness perceptions of patients through better education could improve the outcome of non-operative treatment. Non-operative treatment can often be successful for patients with arthritis of the thumb. Outcome expectations and illness perceptions are associated with pain and hand function 3 months after non-operative treatment for thumb base osteoarthritis. Improving the outcome expectations and illness perceptions of patients through better education could improve the outcome of non-operative treatment.
High-efficiency receptor-mediated delivery of small and large (48 kilobase gene constructs using the endosome-disruption activity of defective or chemically inactivated adenovirus particles.
Creators: name: Phillips, S.
name: Wagner, E.
name: Birnstiel, M. L.
name: Cotten, M.
name: Curiel, D. T.
name: Zatloukal, K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1992

description: One limit to successful receptor-mediated gene delivery is the exit of the endocytosed material from the endosome. We demonstrate here the delivery of marker genes to tissue culture cells using a modification of the receptor-mediated gene delivery technique that exploits the endosomolytic activity of defective adenovirus particles. In particular, >90% of the transfected-cell population is found to express a β-galactosidase gene, and, most importantly, this high level of expression can be obtained with psoralen-inactivated virus particles.One limit to successful receptor-mediated gene delivery is the exit of the endocytosed material from the endosome. We demonstrate here the delivery of marker genes to tissue culture cells using a modification of the receptor-mediated gene delivery technique that exploits the endosomolytic activity of defective adenovirus particles. In particular, >90% of the transfected-cell population is found to express a β-galactosidase gene, and, most importantly, this high level of expression can be obtained with psoralen-inactivated virus particles.
Raman, UV−Vis absorption, and fluorescence spectroelectrochemistry for studying the enhancement of the Raman scattering using nanocrystals activated by metal cations
Creators: name: Hernandez, Sheila
name: Perez-Estebanez, Martin
name: Cheuquepan, William
name: Perales-Rondon, Juan V.
name: Heras, Aranzazu
name: Colina, Alvaro
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Raman signal enhancement is fundamental to develop different analytical tools for chemical analysis, interface reaction studies, or new materials characterization, among others. Thus, phenomena such as surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) have been used for decades to increase the sensitivity of Raman spectroscopy, leading to a huge development of this field. Recently, an alternative method to SERS for the amplification of Raman signals has been reported. This method, known as electrochemical surface oxidation-enhanced Raman scattering (EC-SOERS), has been experimentally described. However, to date, it has not yet been fully understood. In this work, new experimental data that clarify the origin of the Raman enhancement in SOERS are provided. The use of a complete and unique set of combined spectroelectrochemistry techniques, including time-resolved operando UV−vis absorption, fluorescence, and Raman spectroelectrochemistry, reveals that such enhancement is related to the generation of dielectric or semiconductor nanocrystals on the surface of the electrode and that the interaction between the target molecule and the dielectric substrate is mediated by metal cations. According to these results, the interaction metal electrode−nanocrystal−metal cation−molecule is proposed as being responsible for the Raman enhancement in Ag and Cu substrates. Elucidation of the origin of the Raman enhancement will help to promote the rational design of SOERS substrates as an attractive alternative to the well-known SERS phenomenon.
Human chromosome 11 contains two different growth suppressor genes for embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma.
Creators: name: Loh, W. E.
name: Oshimura, M.
name: Arboleda, M. J.
name: Livanos, E.
name: Cavenee, W. K.
name: Weissman, B. E.
name: Scrable, H. J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1992

description: The identification of acquired homozygosity in human cancers implies locations of tumor suppressor genes without providing functional evidence. The localization of a defect in embryonal rhabdomyosarcomas to chromosomal region 11p15 provides one such example. In this report, we show that transfer of a normal human chromosome 11 into an embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma cell line elicited a dramatic loss of the proliferative capacity of the transferrants. Indeed, the majority of the viable microcell hybrids had either eliminated genetic information on the short arm of the transferred chromosome 11 or increased the copy number of the rhabdomyosarcoma-derived chromosomes 11. Cells that possessed only the long arm of chromosome 11 also demonstrated a decreased growth rate. In contrast, all microcell hybrids retained the ability to form tumors upon inoculation into animals. These functional data support molecular studies indicating loss of genetic information on chromosome 11p15 during the development of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. In addition, our studies demonstrate the existence of a second gene on the long arm, previously unrecognized by molecular analyses, which negatively regulates the growth of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines.
Effect of steriles states on lepton magnetic moments and neutrinoless double beta decay
Creators: name: Abada, A.
name: De Romeri, V.
name: Teixeira, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the impact of sterile fermion states on the anomalous magnetic moment of charged leptons, as well as their contribution to neutrinoless double beta decays. We illustrate our results in a minimal, effective extension of the Standard Model by one sterile fermion state, and in a well-motivated framework of neutrino mass generation, embedding the Inverse Seesaw into the Standard Model. The simple "3+1" effective case succeeds in alleviating the tension related to the muon anomalous magnetic moment, albeit only at the 3$σ$ level, and for light sterile states (corresponding to a }cosmologically disfavoured regime). Interestingly, our analysis shows that a future $0 ν2 β$ observation does not necessarily imply an inverted hierarchy for the active neutrinos in this simple extension. Although the Inverse Seesaw realisation here addressed could indeed ease the tension in $(g-2)_μ$, bounds from lepton universality in kaon decays mostly preclude this from happening. However, these scenarios can also have a strong impact on the interpretation of a future $0 ν2 β$ signal regarding the hierarchy of the active neutrino mass spectrum.
description: 25 pages, 19 figures
Human nucleotide excision nuclease removes thymine dimers from DNA by incising the 22nd phosphodiester bond 5' and the 6th phosphodiester bond 3' to the photodimer.
Creators: name: Reardon, J. T.
name: Svoboda, D. L.
name: Huang, J. C.
name: Sancar, A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1992

description: By using a human cell-free system capable of nucleotide excision repair, a synthetic substrate consisting of a plasmid containing four thymidine dimers at unique locations, and deoxyribonucleoside 5'-[alpha-thio]triphosphates for repair synthesis, we obtained DNA fragments containing repair patches with phosphorothioate linkages. Based on the resistance of these linkages to digestion by exonuclease III and their sensitivity to cleavage by I2, we were able to delineate the borders of the repair patch to single-nucleotide resolution and found an asymmetric patch with sharp boundaries. That the repair patch was produced by filling in a gap generated by an excision nuclease and not by nick-translation was confirmed by the finding that the thymidine dimer was released in a 27- to 29-nucleotide oligomer.
e-shape pilot S5-P3 - Dive - Diver Information on Visibility in Europe
Creators: name: SNEE, Darren
Publisher: name: GEO Knowledge Hub
Year: 2022
Subjects: water
visibility
scuba
e-shape
Plymouth Marine Laboratory
European Commission
H2020
Group on Earth Observation
GEO
EuroGEO
Recreational Scuba Training Council (RSTC)
Water Resources Management Showcase

description: SCUBA Diving is a popular sports activity as well as a crucial commercial service for many coastal economic areas. There are approximately 3.2 million active divers in Europe, based on data provided by Recreational Scuba Training Council (RSTC).Visibility in the water is a safety factor in both recreational and commercial diving as well as a large factor in the enjoyment of recreational diving. Visibility can be affected by many factors or variables which can be measured from space. To enable the use of earth observation data in these user focused downstream services we will create a location based middleware web service that provides near real time (NRT) visibility information for a specific location based on EO data.AcknowledgmentThe e-shape project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement 820852.
Immunoblots with rhodopsin antisera suggest that a purified mu opioid binding protein has structural characteristics of a G-protein-coupled receptor.
Creators: name: Johnson, G. L.
name: Gioannini, T. L.
name: Hiller, J. M.
name: Simon, E. J.
name: Weiss, E. R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1992

description: A mu opioid binding protein (OBP), previously purified to homogeneity from bovine striatal membranes, was examined by immunoblotting with six antisera against bovine rhodopsin. An antibody against the carboxyl-terminal tail of rhodopsin and one against membrane-associated rhodopsin gave strong signals at the appropriate molecular mass (65 kDa). An antibody directed against the first cytoplasmic loop of rhodopsin was weakly reactive. Three other antibodies did not recognize OBP. This pattern of crossreactivity was identical to that previously seen with beta-adrenergic receptors. The existence of domains in the OBP, which are antigenically similar to those in two other guanine nucleotide regulatory protein-coupled receptors, supports the hypothesis that mu opioid receptors have the structure characteristic of this receptor family.
Re-Examining Astrophysical Constraints on the Dark Matter Model
Creators: name: Brooks, Alyson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent high-resolution simulations that include Cold Dark Matter (CDM) and baryons have shown that baryonic physics can dramatically alter the dark matter structure of galaxies. These results modify our predictions for observed galaxy evolution and structure. Given these updated expectations, it is timely to re-examine observational constraints on the dark matter model. A few observations are reviewed that may indirectly trace dark matter, and may help confirm or deny possible dark matter models. Warm Dark Matter (WDM) and Self-Interacting Dark Matter (SIDM) are currently the favorite alternative models to CDM. Constraints on the WDM particle mass require it to be so heavy that WDM is nearly indistinguishable from CDM. The best observational test of SIDM is likely to be in the dark matter distribution of faint dwarf galaxies, but there is a lack of theoretical predictions for galaxy structure in SIDM that account for the role of baryons.
description: Invited review article (10 pages), accepted for publication in Annalen der Physik. This version has been modified slightly from the refereed version, including recent updates. The one figure has been compressed
Lifshitz flows in IIB and dual field theories
Creators: name: Burda, Philipp
name: Gregory, Ruth
name: Ross, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct solutions describing flows between AdS and Lifshitz spacetimes in IIB supergravity. We find that flows from AdS$_5$ can approach either AdS$_3$ or Lifshitz$_3$ in the IR depending on the values of the deformation from AdS$_5$. Surprisingly, the choice between AdS and Lifshitz IR depends only on the value of the deformation, not on its character; the breaking of the Lorentz symmetry in the flows with Lifshitz IR is spontaneous. We find that the values of the deformation which lead to flows to Lifshitz make the UV field theory dual to the AdS$_5$ geometry unstable, so that these flows do not offer an approach to defining the field theory dual to the Lifshitz spacetime.
description: 25 pages, 7 figures, references added
title: Object center of mass predicts pointing endpoints in virtual reality
Creators: name: Schuetz, Immo
name: Fiehler, Katja
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2024

description: Introduction: Humans point using their index finger to intuitively communicate distant locations to others. This requires the human sensorimotor system to select an appropriate target location to guide the hand movement. Mid-air pointing gestures have been well studied using small and well defined targets, e.g., numbers on a wall, but how we select a specific location on a more extended 3D object is currently less well understood.

Methods: In this study, participants pointed at custom 3D objects ("vases") from different vantage points in virtual reality, allowing to estimate 3D pointing and gaze endpoints.

Results: Endpoints were best predicted by an object’s center of mass (CoM). Manipulating object meshes to shift the CoM induced corresponding shifts in pointing as well as gaze endpoints.

Discussion: Our results suggest that the object CoM plays a major role in guiding eye-hand alignment, at least when pointing to 3D objects in a virtual environment.
e-shape pilot S6-P6 - MountaiNow
Creators: name: Massacand, Alexia
Publisher: name: GEO Knowledge Hub
Year: 2022
Subjects: Climate change
Mountain harzards
Safety
e-shape
National Observatory of Athens
European Commission
H2020
Group on Earth Observation
GEO
EuroGEO
MountaiNow
Disaster Resilience Showcase

description: Climate change is changing mountains, creating new needs for safety and adaptation.MountaiNow – a live-map of mountain hazards for the Alps – was created to address these needs.The e-shape pilot proposed by OneEarth, in partnership with Applica, ExoLabs, and Planetek Italia, is about achieving a major upscaling of MountaiNow for Europe and the world, also ensuring sustainability.Highly innovative is the combination of real-time crowdsourcing, space insight (e.g. Copernicus Sentinel data), Big Data analytics, Machine Learning, and guided navigation – offering a new/unique set of actionable information.MountaiNow is a year-round service, fully operational and live as mobile app (android, iOS) and web-app at www.mountainow.net.AcknowledgmentThe e-shape project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement 820852.
Solar neutrino physics with JUNO: analysis strategy and sensitivity studies for Be7, pep, and CNO neutrinos
Creators: name: Pelicci, Luca
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, GSI, Darmstadt
Year: 2022

description: XXX International Conference on Neutrino Physics and Astrophysics, NEUTRINO 2022, Online (Seoul), South Korea, 30 May 2022 - 4 Jun 2022; doi:10.5281/ZENODO.6785412
description: The JUNO experiment, currently under construction in Jiangmen (China), is a 20 kt multi-purpose liquid scintillator detector. Although it was originally designed for neutrino mass ordering determination, thanks to its large target mass and excellent energy resolution (3% at 1 MeV), JUNO has the potential to provide solar neutrino measurement with an accuracy highly competitive with respect to the current state-of-the-art in the solar neutrino field. The purpose of this poster is to describe the main driving factors for JUNO sensitivity focusing on the so-called intermediate energy solar neutrinos: Be7, pep, and CNO neutrinos. Since the success of the analysis relies on a good understanding of the detector, the complete simulation of the expected signal and background components will be discussed. The analysis was carried out accounting for all the possible sources of backgrounds with different foreseeable level of contaminants, and including thoroughly the electronic response of the detector. The software framework developed to perform the sensitivity studies and the final results will be presented, proving that JUNO will substantially improve the existing measurements on intermediate energy neutrinos.
Integrins as a primary signal transduction molecule regulating monocyte immediate-early gene induction.
Creators: name: Liu, D. Y.
name: Haskill, S.
name: Yurochko, A. D.
name: Eierman, D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1992

description: Integrins are cell surface receptors found on monocytes that facilitate adhesion to both cellular and extracellular substrates. These integrins are thought to be involved in the selective gene induction observed after monocyte adhesion to various extracellular matrices. To investigate this hypothesis, we stimulated monocytes with monoclonal antibodies to different integrin receptors to specifically mimic the integrin receptor-ligand interactions. Engagement of the common beta chain of the beta 1 subfamily of integrins resulted in expression of the inflammatory mediator genes, interleukin 1 beta, interleukin 1 receptor antagonist, and monocyte adherence-derived inflammatory gene 6 (MAD-6), whereas engagement of the common beta chain of the beta 2 family did not. Furthermore, to characterize integrin-mediated gene induction, we examined the ability of antibodies to the alpha chain of integrin receptors to regulate gene expression. Engagement of the very late antigen 4 (VLA-4) receptor resulted in induction of all the mediator genes. Receptor crosslinking was required because individual Fab fragments were unable to stimulate gene induction whereas the divalent F(ab')2 fragment and the whole IgG molecule could. Interleukin 1 beta secretion was dependent on the anti-integrin antibody used. Some antibodies required a second signal and, for others, direct engagement was sufficient for protein production. In conclusion, engagement of integrin receptors regulated the production of both inflammatory mediator mRNA and protein. These results suggest that integrin-dependent recognition and adherence may provide the key signals for initiation of the inflammatory response during monocyte diapedesis.
e-shape pilot S3-P1 - nextSENSE: solar energy nowcasting & short-term forecasting system
Creators: name: KAZADZIS, Stelios
Publisher: name: GEO Knowledge Hub
Year: 2022
Subjects: Solar Energy
Forecasting Nowcasting
Renewable Energy
e-shape
PMOD-WRC
European Commission
H2020
Group on Earth Observation
GEO
EuroGEO
NextSENSE
GEO-Cradle
Renewable Energy Showcase

description: The consequences of rapidly rising global temperatures will be far-reaching and devastating for humans and the environment unless urgent action is taken globally to curb emissions. To this direction, the United Nations and the European Commission (EC) have set as its main sustainable development goals by 2030 to contribute to climate actions and ensure good health and well-being by providing universal access to affordable, reliable and modern energy services. EC Renewable Energy Directive establishes an overall policy for the production and promotion of energy from renewable sources in the European Union. As a result, renewables currently account for more than 22% of total global electricity generation, of which more than 400 GW produced from solar systems in 2017.This brings to the fore the simultaneous vital need for improved Earth Observation (EO) solutions for the continuous monitor of solar energy potential and fulfil the increasing integration of solar farms into the electricity grids, the load exchanges, as well as the efficient electricity transmission and distribution. Therefore, through joint solar energy implementation funded projects, the EC's renewable energy policy aims to set up a low carbon environment with relevant services and support by existing and new EO techniques dealing with accurate, nowcast, short-term (STF) and long-term forecast estimations of solar energy. Description of the service is provided at the following link: https://e-shape.eu/index.php/eshape-services. AcknowledgmentThe e-shape project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement 820852.
Comparing galaxy populations in compact and loose groups of galaxies III. Effects of environment on star formation
Creators: name: Coenda, Valeria
name: Muriel, Hernán
name: Martínez, Héctor J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is part of a series in which we perform a systematic comparison of the galaxy properties inhabiting compact groups, loose groups and the field. In this paper we focus our study to the age and the star formation in galaxies. For galaxies in selected samples of compact groups, loose groups and field, we compare the distributions of the following parameters: D$_n(4000)$ as an age indicator, and the specific star formation rate as indicator of ongoing star formation. We analyse the dependence of these parameters on galaxy type, stellar mass and, for group galaxies, their dependence on the dynamic state of the system. We also analyse the fraction of old, and of high star forming galaxies as a function of galaxy stellar mass in the environments we probe. Galaxies in compact groups have, on average, older stellar populations than their loose group or field counterparts. Early-type galaxies in compact groups formed their stars and depleted their gas content more rapidly than in the other environments. We have found evidence of two populations of late-type galaxies in dynamically old compact groups: one with normal specific star formation rates and another with markedly reduced star formation. Processes that transform galaxies from star forming to quiescent act upon galaxies faster and more effectively in compact groups. The unique characteristics of compact groups make them an extreme environment for galaxies, where the transition to quiescence occurs rapidly.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. 7 pages, 6 figures
Magic numbers for metallic clusters and the principle of maximum hardness.
Creators: name: Harbola, M. K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1992

description: It is shown that for relatively more stable metallic clusters (those with magic number of atoms) the chemical hardness (I-A) too is relatively larger. Thus the occurence of magic numbers for metal clusters whose stability is determined by their electronic shell structure can be understood as a manifestation of the principle of maximum hardness.It is shown that for relatively more stable metallic clusters (those with magic number of atoms) the chemical hardness (I-A) too is relatively larger. Thus the occurence of magic numbers for metal clusters whose stability is determined by their electronic shell structure can be understood as a manifestation of the principle of maximum hardness.
ZAMONAVIY TA'LIM SHAXSNI  JAMIYATGA TAYYORLASHNING MUHIM SHARTI SIFATIDA
Creators: name: Begimov, Odil
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Maqolada shaxsning shaxsiy rivojlanishi, jamiyatdagi o’z o’rniga ega bo’lishi, shaxsning muammolari, jamiyatga moslashish jarayoni va ta'lim jarayonini modernizatsiya qilish masalalari tadqiq etilgan.
title: Merging Schemas in a Collaborative Faceted Classification System
Creators: name: Li, Jianxiang
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: We have developed a system that improves access to a large, growing image collection by allowing users to collaboratively build a global faceted (multi-perspective) classification schema. We are extending our system to support both global and local schemas, where global schema provides a complete and uniform view of the collection whereas local schema provides a personal, possibly incomplete and idiosyncratic view of the collection. We argue that although users usually focus on their personal schemas, it is still desirable to have a global schema for the entire collection even if such local schemas are available. In order to keep the global schema updated in time. there is a need to develop a way to merge latest local schemas into the global one. This study focuses on such schema merging problem. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first attempt to solve the problem. We present a general standard of characterizing good schema merging algorithms and argue that three types of information, i.e., document content information, document categorization information and category linguistic information, must be considered in a good schema merging algorithm. We discuss the feasibility of applying existing data integration methods to solve the schema merging problem and provide ways to turn these methods into schema merging algorithms. We also propose a new, potentially good schema merging algorithm.
Enhancement of long range correlations in a 2D vortex lattice by incommensurate 1D disorder potential
Creators: name: Guillamon, I.
name: Cordoba, R.
name: Sese, J.
name: De Teresa, J. M.
name: Ibarra, M. R.
name: Vieira, S.
name: Suderow, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Long range correlations in two-dimensional (2D) systems are significantly altered by disorder potentials. Theory has predicted the existence of disorder induced phenomena such as Anderson localization and the emergence of novel glass and insulating phases as the Bose glass. More recently, it has been shown that disorder breaking the 2D continuous symmetry, such as a one dimensional (1D) modulation, can enhance long range correlations. Experimentally, developments in quantum gases have allowed the observation of a wealth of phenomena induced by the competition between interaction and disorder. However, there are no experiments exploring the effect of symmetry-breaking disorder. Here, we create a 2D vortex lattice at 0.1 K in a superconducting thin film with a well-defined 1D thickness modulation and track the field induced modification using scanning tunneling microscopy. We find that the 1D modulation becomes incommensurate to the vortex lattice and drives an order-disorder transition, behaving as a scale-invariant disorder potential. We show that the transition occurs in two steps and is mediated by the proliferation of topological defects. We find that critical exponents determining the loss of positional and orientational order are far above theoretical expectations for scale-invariant disorder and follow instead the critical behaviour which describes dislocation unbinding melting. Our data show for the first time that randomness disorders a 2D crystal, and evidence enhanced long range correlations in presence of a 1D modulation demonstrating the transformation induced by symmetry breaking disorder in interactions and the critical behaviour of the transition.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures and supplementary information (11 pages, 9 figures)
Major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted T cells are required for resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.
Creators: name: Triebold, K. J.
name: Goldstein, M. M.
name: Koller, B.
name: Bloom, B. R.
name: Flynn, J. L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1992

description: Mice with a targeted disruption in the beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2m) gene, which lack major histocompatibility complex class I molecules and consequently fail to develop functional CD8 T cells, provided a useful model for assessing the role of class I-restricted T cells in resistance to infection with virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Of mutant beta 2m-/-mice infected with virulent 10(6) M. tuberculosis, 70% were dead or moribund after 6 weeks, while all control mice expressing the beta 2m gene remained alive for > 20 weeks. Granuloma formation occurred in mutant and control mice, but far greater numbers of tubercle bacilli were present in the lungs of mutant mice than in controls, and caseating necrosis was seen only in beta 2m-/-lungs. In contrast, no differences were seen in the course of infection of mutant and control mice with an avirulent vaccine strain, bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG). Immunization with BCG vaccine prolonged survival of beta 2m-/-mice after challenge with M. tuberculosis for 4 weeks but did not protect them from death. These data indicate that functional CD8 T cells, and possibly T cells bearing gamma delta antigen receptor, are a necessary component of a protective immune response to M. tuberculosis in mice.
Distinctive Signature of Indium Gallium Nitride Quantum Dot Lasing in Microdisks Cavities
Creators: name: Woolf, Alexander
name: Puchtler, Tim
name: Aharonovich, Igor
name: Zhu, Tongtong
name: Niu, Nan
name: Wang, Danqing
name: Oliver, Rachel A.
name: Hu, Evelyn L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low threshold lasers realized within compact, high quality optical cavities enable a variety of nanophotonics applications. Gallium nitride (GaN) materials containing indium gallium nitride (InGaN) quantum dots and quantum wells offer an outstanding platform to study light matter interactions and realize practical devices such as efficient light emitting diodes and nanolasers. Despite progress in the growth and characterization of InGaN quantum dots, their advantages as the gain medium in low threshold lasers have not been clearly demonstrated. This work seeks to better understand the reasons for these limitations by focusing on the simpler, limited-mode microdisk cavities, and by carrying out comparisons of lasing dynamics in those cavities using varying gain media including InGaN quantum wells, fragmented quantum wells, and a combination of fragmented quantum wells with quantum dots. For each gain medium, we utilize the distinctive, high quality (Q~5500) modes of the cavities, and the change in the highest intensity mode as a function of pump power to better understand the dominant radiative processes. The variations of threshold power and lasing wavelength as a function of gain medium help us identify the possible limitations to lower-threshold lasing with quantum dot active medium. In addition, we have identified a distinctive lasing signature for quantum dot materials, which consistently lase at wavelengths shorter than the peak of the room temperature gain emission. These findings not only provide better understanding of lasing in nitride-based quantum dot cavity systems, but also shed insight into the more fundamental issues of light matter coupling in such systems.
e-shape pilot S6-P4 - ReSAgri - Resilient & Sustainable ecosystems including Agriculture & food
Creators: name: BARTSOTAS, Nikos
Publisher: name: GEO Knowledge Hub
Year: 2022
Subjects: Resilient & Sustainable ecosystems
Agriculture
Food
e-shape
National Observatory of Athens
European Commission
H2020
Group on Earth Observation
GEO
EuroGEO
ReSAgri
Disaster Resilience Showcase

description: Natural hazards such as droughts, flash floods, and natural disasters have a dominant role in natural ecosystems, agriculture and hence food, resiliency and sustainability. This pilot is being composed by 3 main pillars: i) Gathering and processing of raw EO and meteo data, integrating with multiple other data sources (in-situ, modeled); ii) Risk disaster modelling derived by NOA (risk assessment on various phenomena droughts, heatwaves, gale winds, hailstorms), atmospheric modelling, flash flooding targeting on timely and accurate information (e.g. warning, alerting), and timely delivery to relevant stakeholders (e.g. farmers, agriculture cooperatives); & iii) Crop type and natural ecosystems mapping leveraging on EO research capacities (TRL 5) relying on machine learning methods in the agriculture domain (e.g. vegetation indices, crop identification etc.), fused with meteo data and coupled with disaster assessments and forecasts, aiming to provide vital thematic information to support the involved user communities (e.g. agriculture agencies, farmers, farming cooperatives) and decision making for the benefit of the agriculture sector and food security. In this pilot, an effective combination of climatological, earth observational, in-situ and state-of-the-art numerical weather prediction data in high resolution is attempted, towards a more sophisticated monitoring of precision agricultural needs.AcknowledgmentThe e-shape project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement 820852.
Baryons with two heavy quarks: Masses, production, decays, and detection
Creators: name: Karliner, Marek
name: Rosner, Jonathan L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The large number of $B_c$ mesons observed by LHCb suggests a sizable cross section for producing doubly-heavy baryons in the same experiment. Motivated by this, we estimate masses of the doubly-heavy $J=1/2$ baryons $Ξ_{cc}$, $Ξ_{bb}$, and $Ξ_{bc}$, and their $J=3/2$ hyperfine partners, using a method which accurately predicts the masses of ground-state baryons with a single heavy quark. We obtain $M(Ξ_{cc}) = 3627 \pm 12$ MeV, $M(Ξ_{cc}^*)= 3690 \pm 12$ MeV, $M(Ξ_{bb}) = 10162 \pm 12$ MeV, $M(Ξ_{bb}^*)= 10184 \pm 12$ MeV, $M(Ξ_{bc}) = 6914 \pm 13$ MeV, $M(Ξ'_{bc}) = 6933 \pm 12$ MeV, and $M(Ξ_{bc}^*) = 6969 \pm 14$ MeV. As a byproduct, we estimate the hyperfine splitting between $B_c^*$ and $B_c$ mesons to be $68 \pm 8$ MeV. We discuss P-wave excitations, production mechanisms, decay modes, lifetimes, and prospects for detection of the doubly heavy baryons.
description: 29 pages, no figures. More text and references added. To be published in Phys. Rev. D
Marked reduction of high density lipoprotein cholesterol in mice genetically modified to lack apolipoprotein A-I.
Creators: name: Williamson, R.
name: Lee, D.
name: Maeda, N.
name: Hagaman, J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1992

description: Atherosclerosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in developed countries. In humans the risk of atherosclerosis is inversely correlated with plasma levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL). As a step in determining whether the experimental reduction of plasma HDL level will increase susceptibility to atherosclerosis, we have used gene targeting in embryonic stem cells to produce mice lacking apolipoprotein A-I, the major protein component of HDL particles. Mice homozygous for the disrupted gene have no plasma apolipoprotein A-I detectable by double immunodiffusion; their total plasma cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol levels after overnight fasting are reduced to about one-third and one-fifth of normal levels, and they are grossly deficient in alpha-migrating HDL particles.
Model for the role of macromolecular crowding in regulation of cellular volume.
Creators: name: Colclasure, G. C.
name: Parker, J. C.
name: Minton, A. P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1992

description: A simple model is proposed to account for large increases in transporter-mediated ion flux across cell membranes that are elicited by small fractional changes of cell volume. The model is based upon the concept that, as a result of large excluded volume effects in cytoplasm (macromolecular crowding), the tendency of soluble macromolecules to associate with membrane proteins is much more sensitive to changes in cell water content than expected on the basis of simple considerations of mass action. The model postulates that an ion transporter may exist in either an active dephosphorylated state or an inactive phosphorylated state and that the steady-state activity of the transporter reflects a balance between the rates of phosphatase-catalyzed activation and kinase-catalyzed inactivation. Cell swelling results in the inhibition of kinase relative to phosphatase activity, thereby increasing the steady-state concentration of the active form of the transporter. Calculated volume-dependent stimulation of ion flux is comparable to that observed experimentally.
title: Mechanisms and behavioural consequences of egg-mediated maternal effects
Creators: name: Reyes Contreras, Maria Isabel
Publisher: name: Universität Bern
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 570 Life sciences; biology
subject: 590 Animals (Zoology)

description: One of the major transitions in evolution is the origin of animal societies. Animal societies have different group sizes. Group size determines the formation of social structures in a group, which are maintain by social interactions among group members. This work focus on the proximate mechanism underpinning the influences of group size on social behaviours of the cooperative breeder Neolamprologus pulcher. The ability to flexibly adjust behaviour to social and non-social challenges is important for successfully navigating variable environments. However, it is unknown if social and non-social behavioural flexibility share common underlying cognitive mechanisms. Support for such shared mechanism would be provided if the same neural mechanisms in the brain affected social and non-social behavioural flexibility similarly. Evidence was found that early-life hypothalamic-pituitary-interrenal axis programming with cortisol reduces both social and non-social behavioural flexibility, suggesting a shared cognitive basis of behavioural flexibility. In cooperative breeders, group size could influence dominant female’s reproductive strategies because the number of carers in the group can contribute with alloparental care and have a load lightening effect. Therefore, maternal social environment could be a key factor that offers mothers the opportunity to implement maternal effects to adjust offspring phenotype. There is no evidence that N. pulcher used egg-mediated maternal effects in the form of bigger eggs or endowment with corticosteroid hormones. In a wild population the size of the social group may offers the opportunity to large subordinate individuals to specialize in two behavioural phenotypes, namely philopatric with high propensity to show submissive behaviour or early dispersal with high frequency of helping in the natal territory. Evidence was found that in small social groups, large subordinate individuals show a lower frequency of submissive behaviour and tend to show a higher frequency of sand digging. This suggest that group size may influence two energetically costly behaviours known to enhance the probability to be accepted in a social group. To conclude, this work provides important insight on the mechanisms that regulate behavioural flexibility and the importance of the social environment to further shape individuals’ behaviour.
e-shape pilot S1-P2 - EU-CAP Support
Creators: name: SITOKONSTANTINOU, Vassilis
Publisher: name: GEO Knowledge Hub
Year: 2022
Subjects: Agriculture
Smart farming
Crop phenology
e-shape
National Observatory of Athens
European Commission
H2020
Group on Earth Observation
GEO
EuroGEO
Agrowth
Food Security and Sustainable Agriculture Showcase

description: The main objective of this pilot is to support farmers towards compliance with agricultural policies and strengthen the performance of their farm. The pilot offers the agrowth platform, which is a suite of smart farming services enabled by artificial intelligence, earth observations and numerical weather predictions. Crop phenology and crop yield estimation, the two core services of agrowth, constitute key information for agricultural management and thereby actionable knowledge for the farmer, the agricultural consultant, the insurance company and the policy maker. Using agrowth we can i) reduce the cultivation costs, ii) increase productivity and iii) protect the yield from adverse weather events. All this work is of great significance towards achieving zero hunger, as we help to make more with less. The concept was transformed to a first proof of concept (PoC) by NOA in collaboration with NP as the first co-designer/user. Subsequently, this PoC was communicated to a broader pool of potential users and newcomers co-designers/users provided new requirements/needs/ideas. Thus, an alpha version of agrowth platform was developed (satisfying also some new needs), released and tested in the cotton cultivation period of 2021. A continuous development driven by users' feedback and needs, targets to a beta version of agrowth platform with evaluated, updated and robust versions of existing and new services. AcknowledgmentThe e-shape project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement 820852.
Mutational spectrum at the Hprt locus in splenic T cells of B6C3F1 mice exposed to N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea.
Creators: name: Cochrane, J. E.
name: Walker, V. E.
name: Cariello, N. F.
name: Craft, T. R.
name: Skopek, T. R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1992

description: We have determined the mutational spectrum of N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) in exon 3 of the hypoxanthine (guanine) phosphoribosyltransferase gene (Hprt) in splenic T cells following in vivo exposure of male B6C3F1 mice (5-7 weeks old) to ENU. Hprt- mutants were isolated by culturing splenic T cells in microtiter dishes containing medium supplemented with interleukin 2, concanavalin A, and 6-thioguanine. DNA was extracted from 6-thioguanine-resistant colonies and amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primers flanking Hprt exon 3. Identification of mutant sequences and purification of mutant DNA from contaminating wild-type Hprt DNA was accomplished by denaturing-gradient gel electrophoresis. Purified mutant DNA was then sequenced. Treatment of mice with ENU at 40 mg/kg of body weight produced a Hprt- mutant frequency of 7.3 x 10(-5) in splenic T cells, approximately 35-fold above background levels. Sixty-nine of the 521 Hprt- mutants analyzed contained mutations in exon 3 (13%). Transversions and transitions at A.T base pairs dominated the spectrum; 62 of the 69 exon 3 mutations were at A.T base pairs (14 different sites). Thirteen of 14 thymine bases undergoing mutation (61 of 62 mutations at A.T bases) were located on the nontranscribed strand of exon 3. The majority of the remaining mutations (6 of 69) were transitions at a single G.C base pair. These results suggest the importance of thymidine alkylation in ENU-induced mutagenesis in vivo. The mouse Hprt- T-cell cloning/sequencing assay described here may represent a useful system for studying the molecular mechanism of chemically induced mutation occurring in vivo in an endogenous gene.