cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Lost in transition - das Scheitern der Transformation in der Ukraine
Creators: name: Maric, Stefan
Year: 2023

description: Mit dem Zusammenbruch der Sowjetunion vor fast 30 Jahren begann eine Welle der demokratischen Transformation in Osteuropa, die in verschiedenen Ländern unterschiedlich verlaufen ist. Wir haben zum Beispiel Ungarn und Polen, wo wir einen schnellen Systemwechsel vom Realsozialismus zum demokratischen und marktwirtschaftlichen System hatten und eine Transformation zur konsolidierten Demokratie mit dem Beitritt zur EU im Jahr 2004 abgeschlossen wurde. Die Ukraine ist aber erfolglos im Transformationsprozess stecken geblieben und danach in sogar eine Kriegssituation gekommen. In der Diplomarbeit wird detailliert beschrieben, in welcher Transformationsphase sich die Ukraine vor dem Krieg befand. Proteste und Revolutionen wie die „orangene Revolution“ im Jahr 2004 und der Euromaidan 2014, im Zuge derer sich die ukrainische Bevölkerung gegen die korrupte politische Elite auflehnte und mehr Demokratie einforderte, brachten keine echten Veränderungen bezüglich der demokratischen Transition. Dazu hatten wir noch seit 2014 einen Krieg im Osten des Landes und die russische Annexion der Krim, was zu einer weiteren politischen und wirtschaftlichen Destabilisierung der Ukraine führte und schließlich den Einmarsch der russischen Truppen. Die zentrale Forschungsfrage lautet: „Wie transformierte sich der ukrainische Staat nach dem Zerfall der Sowjetunion bis zu Selenskyjs Wahlsieg?“ Durch diese Frage soll sowohl die Transformationsforschung bzw. wie der Transformationsprozess in der Ukraine verlief, als auch die ukrainische Staatlichkeit definiert werden. Daneben sollte uns klar werden, in welcher Transformationsphase sich die Ukraine befindet. Zur Beantwortung der Fragen wurden die qualitativen Methoden angewendet bzw. die Sekundärforschung und Diskursanalyse, in der ich mich mit mehreren wissenschaftlichen und journalistischen Texten auseinandergesetzt habe. Um die schrecklichen Ereignisse wie der heutige Krieg in der Ukraine zu vermeiden, ist es wichtig, diesen Transformationsprozess und seine Problematik zu verstehen.
Basis light-front quantization approach to photon
Creators: name: Nair, Sreeraj
name: Mondal, Chandan
name: Zhao, Xingbo
name: Mukherjee, Asmita
name: Vary, James P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We solve for the light-front wave functions (LFWFs) of the physical photon from the eigenvectors of the light-front quantum electrodynamics (QED) Hamiltonian with the aim to determine its bare photon and electron-positron Fock components. We then employ the resulting LFWFs to compute the transverse momentum dependent parton distributions (TMDs) and the generalized parton distributions (GPDs) of the photon. The TMDs are found to be in excellent agreement with the lowest-order perturbative results calculated using the electron-positron quantum fluctuation of the photon. The GPDs are also consistent with the perturbative calculations.
description: minor changes in the text and references
A Simple Radial Gradient Filter for Batch-Processing of Coronagraph Images
Creators: name: Patel, Ritesh
name: Majumdar, Satabdwa
name: Pant, Vaibhav
name: Banerjee, Dipankar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Images of the extended solar corona, as observed by white-light coronagraphs as observed by different white-light coronagraphs include the K- and F-corona and suffer from a radial variation in intensity. These images require separation of the two coronal components with some additional image-processing to reduce the intensity gradient and analyse the structures and processes occurring at different heights in the solar corona within the full field of view. To process these bulk coronagraph images with steep radial-intensity gradients, we have developed an algorithm: Simple Radial Gradient Filter (SiRGraF). This algorithm is based on subtracting a minimum background (F-corona) created using long-duration images and then dividing the resultant by a uniform intensity gradient image to enhance the K-corona. We demonstrate the utility of this algorithm to bring out the short time-scale transient structures of the corona. SiRGraF could be used to reveal and analyse such structures. It is not suitable for quantitative estimations based on intensity. We have successfully tested the algorithm on images of the LASCO-C2 onboard the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO), and COR-2A onboard the STEREO with good signal to noise ratio (SNR) along with low-SNR images of STEREO/COR-1A and the KCoronagraph. We also compared the performance of SiRGraF with Normalising Radial Gradient Filter (NRGF). We found that when hundreds of images have to be processed, SiRGraF works faster than NRGF, providing similar brightness and contrast in the images and separating the transient features. Moreover, SiRGraF works better on low-SNR images of COR-1A than NRGF, providing better identification of dynamic coronal structures throughout the field of view. We discuss the advantages and limitations of the algorithm.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in Solar Physics journal
Spin injection from a ferromagnet into a semiconductor in the case of a rough interface
Creators: name: Roundy, R. C.
name: Raikh, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of the interface roughness on the spin injection from a ferromagnet into a semiconductor is studied theoretically. Even a small interface irregularity can lead to a significant enhancement of the injection efficiency. When a typical size of the irregularity, a, is within a domain lambda_F << a << lambda_N, where lambda_F and lambda_N are the spin-diffusion lengths in the ferromagnet and semiconductor, respectively, the geometrical enhancement factor is ~lambda_N. The origin of the enhancement is the modification of the local electric field on small scales ~a near the interface. We demonstrate the effect of enhancement by considering a number of analytically solvable examples of injection through curved ferromagnet-semiconductor interfaces. For a generic curved interface the enhancement factor is ~lambda_N / R, where R is the local radius of curvature.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Urban stormwater management from the perspective of nature-based solutions: a bibliometric review
Creators: name: Alves, Ronaldo Adriano
name: Rudke, Anderson Paulo
name: Martins, Leila Droprinchinski
name: de Melo Souza, Sueli Tavares
name: Bovo, Alessandro Botelho
name: Rambalducci, Marcos Jeronimo Goroski
name: Martins, Jorge Alberto
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: This study brings a systematic review that evaluated 43 articles on Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) applied to stormwater management in urban areas. This review aims to establish a reference on NBS effectively applied and whose environmental, social, and economic benefits have been duly discussed. The results address 13 NBS techniques/methodologies implemented and their ecosystem benefits. Our findings suggest that the multifunctional nature of NBS makes it challenging to categorize environmental services and social benefits since there are multiple interactions and scales among the various benefits of NBS. Most studies have made greater efforts in approaches that use modeling, test benches, and/or laboratory facilities. However, although they work well for their purposes, there is no guarantee that the benefits will be maintained when applied on a full scale. We concluded that only a few studies scientifically evaluated the performance of installed NBS infrastructures, almost all in developed countries.
RC Filter Design for Wireless Power Transfer: A Fourier Series Approach
Creators: name: Psomas, Constantinos
name: Krikidis, Ioannis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this letter, we study the impact of the low-pass resistor-capacitor (RC) filter on radio frequency (RF) wireless power transfer (WPT). The RC filter influences both the RF bandwidth by removing the harmonics as well as the ripple voltage at the output of the rectifier. In particular, a large (small) RC time constant, reduces (increases) the ripple but decreases (enhances) the direct-current (DC) component. By following a Fourier series approach, we obtain closed-form expressions for the rectifier's output voltage, the RC filter's output as well as the DC voltage. Our analytical framework provides a complete characterization of the RC filter's impact on the WPT performance. We show that this complete and tractable analytical framework is suitable for the proper design of the RC filter in WPT systems.
description: IEEE Signal Processing Letters
Multi-region relaxed magnetohydrodynamics with anisotropy and flow
Creators: name: Dennis, Graham R.
name: Hudson, Stuart R.
name: Dewar, Robert L.
name: Hole, Matthew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an extension of the multi-region relaxed magnetohydrodynamics (MRxMHD) equilibrium model that includes pressure anisotropy and general plasma flows. This anisotropic extension to our previous isotropic model is motivated by Sun and Finn's model of relaxed anisotropic magnetohydrodynamic equilibria. We prove that as the number of plasma regions becomes infinite, our anisotropic extension of MRxMHD reduces to anisotropic ideal MHD with flow. The continuously nested flux surface limit of our MRxMHD model is the first variational principle for anisotropic plasma equilibria with general flow fields.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1401.3076
Background : The global AIDS epidemic is one of the greatest challenges facing our generation. It is unique in human history in its rapid spread, its extent and the death of its impact. The available information on HIV prevalence shows the rapid spreading trend of infection among the general population of Ethiopia in general, and among sex workers in particular. Survey conducted in several cites over the past four years have documented high rates of HIV infection among CSWs. Infection levels are above 65.70% in CSWs in Baherdar and Nazareth. Objective : To assesses HIV/AIDS and related risk behavior of commercial sex workers in Awassa town, Southern Nation Nationality People's Regional State
Creators: name: Wondwosen Wakene Frew
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016

description: Background : The global AIDS epidemic is one of the greatest challenges facing our generation. It is unique in human history in its rapid spread, its extent and the death of its impact. The available information on HIV prevalence shows the rapid spreading trend of infection among the general population of Ethiopia in general, and among sex workers in particular. Survey conducted in several cites over the past four years have documented high rates of HIV infection among CSWs. Infection levels are above 65.70% in CSWs in Baherdar and Nazareth. Objective : To assesses HIV/AIDS and related risk behavior of commercial sex workers in Awassa town, Southern Nation Nationality People’s Regional State
Non-benzenoid high-spin polycyclic hydrocarbons generated by atom manipulation
Creators: name: Mishra, Shantanu
name: Fatayer, Shadi
name: Fernandez, Saleta
name: Kaiser, Katharina
name: Pena, Diego
name: Gross, Leo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the on-surface synthesis of a non-benzenoid triradical through dehydrogenation of truxene (C27H18) on coinage metal and insulator surfaces. Voltage pulses applied via the tip of a combined scanning tunneling microscope/atomic force microscope were used to cleave individual C-H bonds in truxene. The resultant final product truxene-5,10,15-triyl (1) was characterized at the single-molecule scale using a combination of atomic force microscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy and scanning tunneling spectroscopy. Our analyses show that 1 retains its open-shell quartet ground state, predicted by density functional theory, on a two monolayer-thick NaCl layer on a Cu(111) surface. We image the frontier orbital densities of 1 and confirm that they correspond to spin-split singly occupied molecular orbitals. Through our synthetic strategy, we also isolate two reactive intermediates toward the synthesis of 1 - derivatives of fluorenyl radical and indeno[1,2-a]fluorene, with predicted spin-doublet and spin-triplet ground states, respectively. Our results should have bearings on the synthesis of non-benzenoid high-spin polycyclic frameworks with magnetism beyond Lieb's theorem.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures and supporting information containing additional data
The Dawes Review 2: Nucleosynthesis and stellar yields of low and intermediate-mass single stars
Creators: name: Karakas, Amanda I.
name: Lattanzio, John C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The chemical evolution of the Universe is governed by the chemical yields from stars, which in turn is determined primarily by the initial stellar mass. Even stars as low as 0.9Msun can, at low metallicity, contribute to the chemical evolution of elements. Stars less massive than about 10Msun experience recurrent mixing events that can significantly change the surface composition of the envelope, with observed enrichments in carbon, nitrogen, fluorine, and heavy elements synthesized by the slow neutron capture process (the s-process). Low and intermediate mass stars release their nucleosynthesis products through stellar outflows or winds, in contrast to massive stars that explode as core-collapse supernovae. Here we review the stellar evolution and nucleosynthesis for single stars up to ~10Msun from the main sequence through to the tip of the asymptotic giant branch (AGB). We include a discussion of the main uncertainties that affect theoretical calculations and review the latest observational data, which are used to constrain uncertain details of the stellar models. We finish with a review of the stellar yields available for stars less massive than about 10Msun and discuss efforts by various groups to address these issues and provide homogeneous yields for low and intermediate-mass stars covering a broad range of metallicities.
description: Invited Review accepted by Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia; 70 pages
Perfect Packings in Quasirandom Hypergraphs II
Creators: name: Lenz, John
name: Mubayi, Dhruv
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For each of the notions of hypergraph quasirandomness that have been studied, we identify a large class of hypergraphs F so that every quasirandom hypergraph H admits a perfect F-packing. An informal statement of a special case of our general result for 3-uniform hypergraphs is as follows. Fix an integer r >= 4 and 0
description: 17 pages
Seimei KOOLS-IFU Mapping of the Gas and Dust Distributions in Galactic Planetary Nebulae: the Case of IC2165
Creators: name: Otsuka, Masaaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the physical and chemical properties of the gas and dust components in a carbon-rich planetary nebula (PN) IC2165 using two-dimensional (2-D) emission-line maps with superior resolution. The extinction map is generated in a self-consistent and assumption-free manner. The circumstellar gas-to-dust mass ratio (GDR) map ranges radially from 1210 in the central nebula filled with hot gas plasma to 120 near the ionisation front. The determined GDR is comparable to ~400, which is commonly adopted for carbon-rich asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars, and ~100 for ISM. Except for the inner regions, the GDR in IC2165 is nearly the same as in such AGB stars, indicating that most dust grains withstand the harsh radiation field without being destroyed. The gas and dust mass distributions concentrated in the equatorial plane may be related to the nonisotropic mass loss during the AGB phase and nebula shaping. The spatial distributions of electron densities/temperatures and ionic/elemental abundances were investigated herein. We determined 13 elemental abundances using PSF-matched spatially integrated multiwavelength spectra extracted from the same aperture. Their values are consistent with values predicted by a theoretical model for stars of initially 1.75 Msun and Z = 0.003. Finally, we constructed the photoionisation model using our distance measurement to be consistent with all derived quantities, including the GDR and gas and dust masses and post-AGB evolution. Thus, we demonstrate the capability of Seimei/KOOLS-IFU and how the spatial variation of the gas and dust components in PNe derived from IFU observations can help understand the evolution of the circumstellar/interstellar medium.
description: 25 pages, 16 figures, 19 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: ÐÐ°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ñ Ð¸ Ð¾Ð±Ð¾ÑÑÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð°Ð´Ð´Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¸Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ð´ÑÑÐ²Ð°
title: ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¸Ðº
titleType: Subtitle
title: Materials and equipment for additive manufacturing
Creators: name: Ð ÑÐ´ÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹, ÐÐ½Ð´ÑÐµÐ¹
name: ÐÐ¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ñ, ÐÐ½Ð°ÑÐ¾Ð»Ð¸Ð¹
Publisher: name: ÐÐÐÐÐ¢ÐÐ¥-ÐÐ ÐÐ¡Ð¡
Year: 2024
Subjects: ÐÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð¾Ð·Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½ÑÐµ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐºÐ¾Ð²ÑÐµ
ÐÐ°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ

description: ÐÑÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð° Ð¸Ð½ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¾Ð± Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð²ÑÑ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð² Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð°Ð´Ð´Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¸Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ð´ÑÑÐ²Ð°. Ð Ð°ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ½Ñ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ½ÑÐµ ÑÐ¸Ð¿Ñ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð² Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð°Ð´Ð´Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¹, Ð¾Ð¿Ð¸ÑÐ°Ð½Ñ Ð¸Ñ ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÑÑÐ° Ð¸ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð¹ÑÑÐ²Ð°, Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐ°ÐµÐ¼ÑÐµ Ð² Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÐµ Ð°Ð´Ð´Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¸Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ð´ÑÑÐ²Ð°. ÐÑÐ¸Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÑÑ Ð¾Ð±Ð¾ÑÑÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ Ð¾Ð¿Ð¸ÑÐ°Ð½Ñ ÑÑÐ½ÐºÐ¸ Ð°Ð´Ð´Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¸Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ð´ÑÑÐ²Ð°. Ð£ÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¸Ðº Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑÐµÐ½ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð´Ð¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½ÑÐ¼ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð·Ð¾Ð²Ð°ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½ÑÐ¼ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ð°Ð¼ Ð¸ ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ°Ð½ Ñ ÑÑÐµÑÐ¾Ð¼ ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð¤ÐÐÐ¡ ÐÐÐ â Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¸Ð°Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð½Ð°Ð¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð³Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐºÐ¸ 22.03.01 Â«ÐÐ°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¸ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¸ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð²Â» Ð¾Ñ 2 Ð¸ÑÐ½Ñ 2020 Ð³. â 701 Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð´Ð°ÑÑÐ° Â«Ð¡Ð¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð°Ð´Ð´Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½ÑÐ¼ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÑÐ¼Â» Ð¾Ñ 5 Ð¾ÐºÑÑÐ±ÑÑ 2020 Ð³. â 697Ð½.
description: The textbook presents the information about the features of new materials for additive manufacturing. The authors consider various types of materials for additive technologies, describe their structure and properties obtained in the additive manufacturing process. They provide examples of equipment and analyze markets for additive manufacturing. The textbook is intended for students of secondary vocational education, and it is developed in accordance with the federal state educational standard of secondary vocational education for the Bachelorâs degree program 22.03.01 âMaterials science and technology of materialsâ of June 2, 2020 No. 701 and the professional standard âSpecialist in additive technologiesâ of October 5, 2020 No. 697n.
Female Authorship Has Increased in Computer and Information Sciences, But Further Growth in Gender Representation is Still Needed
Creators: name: Lund, Brady D.
name: Wang, Ting
name: Nishith Reddy Mannuru
name: Agbaji, Daniel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Authorship
Female Authors
Women
Gender
Publication Trends

description: Computer science and information science and technology fields have long struggled to increase gender representation. The lack of female/women authors and researchers in these fields has been noted in several studies in past decades. A recent analysis of ten top computer and information science journals indicates that efforts to increase female participation in computer science and information science research fields may have had some effect, as representation of female authors has grown by a significant margin in the past decade. However, there remains a substantial gulf between the number of female authors in these fields compared the male authors.
Understanding the effect of mechanical strains on the catalytic activity of transition metals
Creators: name: Martínez-Alonso, Carmen
name: Guevara-Vela, José Manuel
name: LLorca, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of elastic strains on the catalytic activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) was analyzed on thirteen late transition metals: eight (111) surfaces of fcc metals (Ni, Cu, Pd, Ag, Pt, Au, Rh, Ir) and five (0001) surfaces of hcp metals (Co, Zn, Cd, Ru, and Os). The corresponding adsorption energies for the different intermediate reactions up to strains dictated by the mechanical stability limits were previously obtained by means of density functional theory calculations. It was found that the elastic strains can be used to tune the catalytic activity of different metals by reducing the energy barrier of the rate limiting step and even to reach the cusp of the volcano plot. The largest changes in catalytic activity with strain for the HER were found in Pt, Au, and Ir while Co and Ni were very insensitive to this strategy. In the case of the ORR, the catalytic activity of Au could be enhanced by the application of tensile strains while that of Cu, Ni, Pt, Pd, Rh, Co, Ru, and Os was improved by the application of compressive strains. However, the catalytic activity of Ir was rather insensitive to mechanical deformations. Elastic strains were able to modify the rate limiting reaction in Au, Pt, Ag, and Os and it was possible to achieve the cusp of the volcano plot in these metals. Final, mechanical instabilities were attained at small strains in Zn and Cd, which did not lead to significant changes in the catalytic activity for HER and ORR. These results provide a framework to systematically investigate the application of elastic strains in the design of new catalysts.
The Near Infrared Imager and Slitless Spectrograph for the James Webb Space Telescope -- II. Wide Field Slitless Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Willott, Chris J.
name: Doyon, René
name: Albert, Loic
name: Brammer, Gabriel B.
name: Dixon, William V.
name: Muzic, Koraljka
name: Ravindranath, Swara
name: Scholz, Aleks
name: Abraham, Roberto
name: Artigau, Étienne
name: Bradač, Maruša
name: Goudfrooij, Paul
name: Hutchings, John B.
name: Iyer, Kartheik G.
name: Jayawardhana, Ray
name: LaMassa, Stephanie
name: Martis, Nicholas
name: Meyer, Michael R.
name: Morishita, Takahiro
name: Mowla, Lamiya
name: Muzzin, Adam
name: Noirot, Gaël
name: Pacifici, Camilla
name: Rowlands, Neil
name: Sarrouh, Ghassan
name: Sawicki, Marcin
name: Taylor, Joanna M.
name: Volk, Kevin
name: Zabl, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the wide field slitless spectroscopy mode of the NIRISS instrument on the James Webb Space Telescope. This mode employs two orthogonal low-resolution (resolving power $\approx 150$) grisms in combination with a set of six blocking filters in the wavelength range 0.8 to $2.3\,μ$m to provide a spectrum of almost every source across the field-of-view. When combined with the low background, high sensitivity and high spatial resolution afforded by the telescope, this mode will enable unprecedented studies of the structure and evolution of distant galaxies. We describe the performance of the as-built hardware relevant to this mode and expected imaging and spectroscopic sensitivity. We discuss operational and calibration procedures to obtain the highest quality data. As examples of the observing mode usage, we present details of two planned Guaranteed Time Observations programs: The Canadian NIRISS Unbiased Cluster Survey (CANUCS) and The NIRISS Survey for Young Brown Dwarfs and Rogue Planets.
description: 19 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in PASP
Microscopic observation of superconducting fluctuations in $κ$-(BEDT-TTF)$_{2}$Cu[N(CN)$_{2}$]Br by $^{13}$C NMR spectroscopy
Creators: name: Kobayashi, T.
name: Ihara, Y.
name: Saito, Y.
name: Kawamoto, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed $^{13}$C-NMR experiment and measured spin-lattice relaxation rate divided by temperature $1/T_{1}T$ near the superconducting (SC) transition temperature $T_{c}$ in $κ$-(BEDT-TTF)$_{2}$Cu[N(CN)$_{2}$]Br ($κ$-Br salt), and $κ$-(BEDT-TTF)$_{2}$Cu(NCS)$_{2}$ ($κ$-NCS salt). We observed the reduction of $1/T_{1}T$ starting at the temperature higher than $T_c$ in $κ$-Br salt. Microscopic observation of quasi-particle density of states in the fluctuating SC state revealed the effects of short-range Cooper pairs induced in the normal state to the quasi-particle density of states. We also performed systematic measurements in the fields both parallel and perpendicular to the conduction plane in $κ$-Br and $κ$-NCS salts, and confirmed that the reduction of $1/T_{1}T$ above $T_{c}$ is observed only in $κ$-Br salt regardless of the external field orientation.
description: Accepted for publication in PRB
Computational analysis of interface evolution and droplet pinch-off mechanism in two-phase liquid flow through T-junction microfluidic system
Creators: name: Venkateshwarlu, Akepogu
name: Bharti, Ram Prakash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work has explored interface evolution and pinch-off mechanism of the droplet formation in two-phase flow through cross-flow microfluidic device. The two-dimensional mathematical model equations have been solved using the finite element method under the squeezing regime ($Ca_c < 10^{-2}$) for wide range of flow rates ($Qr = 0.1 - 10$) and fixed contact angle ($θ=135^o$). The droplet formation process has been classified into various instantaneous stages as initial, filling, squeezing, pinch-off and stable droplet through microscopic visualization of interface evolution in phase profiles. The dynamics of interface, and point pressure in both phases is further gained and discussed. Maximum pressure in the continuous phase varied linearly with Qr. The droplet pinch-off mechanism has been thoroughly elucidated by determining the local radius of the curvature ($R_{c,min}$) and neck width (2r) during the squeezing and pinch-off stages. At the pinch-off point, both $R_{c,min}$ and 2r are non-linearly related to Qr. Further, the topological dynamics of interface has been explored by analyzing the Laplace pressure ($p_{\text{L}}$), acting on the interface curvature, evaluated using (a) pressure sensors in both phases, (b) local radius of curvature, and (c) minimum radius of curvature. The insights obtained from the present work can reliably be used in designing the model and prototypes of microfluidic devices for generating monodispersed droplets in emulsions, and the droplet breakup mechanism would help accurate prediction of the pinch-off moment. The proposed knowledge provides detailed insights of the interface evolution and droplet pinch-off to a precision of 10 $μ$s and resolution of 10 $μ$m, equivalent to experimental flow visualization with a high-speed ($10^{5}$ fps) and high-resolution (10 $μ$m pixel size) camera.
Distributive Train Track Communication System for Addis Ababa Light Railway
Creators: name: Lamesgnew Yalemtsehay
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014

description: Rail transport is an important mode of transport that can play significant role for economic

development of a country. Especially, Electric system train driving technology has many

advantages for environment protection and fuel consumption reduction.

Train control system is a broad section in railway technology and has responsible for ensuring

passenger’s safety and security during their journey. It also improves travel comfort, providing

real time multimedia information and access to social networks in stations or in motion. Accident

in railway technology is very series issue. So, maintaining safety is the first precondition for

railway transport.

To have safe operation in railway technology, train operators need to put in place an effective

and reliable train-to-ground and train to train communication technology. On the other hand, the

commercial wireless technologies have been evolving from voice centric 2G systems (e.g. GSM)

with limited data transmission capabilities to 4G broadband multiservice systems (LTE).
A multimodal imaging approach to foreign accent syndrome. A case report
Creators: name: Demichelis, Greta
name: Duran, Dunja
name: Ciullo, Giuseppe
name: Lorusso, Lorenzo
name: Zago, Stefano
name: Palermo, Sara
name: Nigri, Anna
name: Leonardi, Matilde
name: Bruzzone, Maria Grazia
name: Fedeli, Davide
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This article describes a case of Foreign accent syndrome (FAS) in an Italian woman who developed a Canadian-like foreign accent without brain damage (functional FAS). The patient underwent an in-depth neuroimaging and (neuro)psychological evaluation. Language networks in the frontotemporal-parietal areas were typically activated bilaterally through fMRI and MEG assessments based on task-based data. Resting-state fMRI showed preserved connectivity between language areas. An obsessive-compulsive personality profile and mild anxiety were found, suggesting psychological and psychiatric factors may be relevant. Accordingly with our findings, multimodal imaging is beneficial to understand FAS neurological and functional etiologies.
Monodromy Inflation in SUSY QCD
Creators: name: Dine, Michael
name: Draper, Patrick
name: Monteux, Angelo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of a large tensor-to-scalar ratio by the BICEP2 experiment points to large field excursions during inflation. One framework that predicts large $r$ is monodromy inflation. While discussed mainly in the context of string theory, the phenomenon can be illustrated and studied in the well-understood framework of SUSY QCD with a large number of colors. We discuss the requirements for viable inflation as well as various difficulties for model building, including tunneling, tuning, and the species problem.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure
$s$-wave superconductivity in the noncentrosymmetric W$_3$Al$_2$C superconductor: An NMR study
Creators: name: Tay, D.
name: Shang, T.
name: Qi, Y. P.
name: Ying, T. P.
name: Hosono, H.
name: Ott, H-R.
name: Shiroka, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a microscopic study of the noncentrosymmetric superconductor W$_3$Al$_2$C (with $T_c$ = 7.6 K), mostly by means of $^{27}$Al- and $^{13}$C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Since in this material the density of states at the Fermi level is dominated by the tungsten's 5$d$ orbitals, we expect a sizeable spin-orbit coupling (SOC) effect. The normal-state electronic properties of W$_3$Al$_2$C resemble those of a standard metal, but with a Korringa product $1/(T_{1}T)$ significantly smaller than that of metallic Al, reflecting the marginal role played by $s$-electrons. In the superconducting state, we observe a reduction of the Knight shift and an exponential decrease of the NMR relaxation rate $1/T_1$, typical of $s$-wave superconductivity. This is further supported by the observation of a small but distinct coherence peak just below $T_c$ in the $^{13}$C NMR relaxation-rate, in agreement with the fully-gapped superconducting state inferred from the electronic specific-heat data well below $T_c$. The above features are compared to those of members of the same family, in particular, Mo$_3$Al$_2$C, often claimed to exhibit unconventional superconductivity. We discuss why, despite the enhanced SOC, W$_3$Al$_2$C does not show spin-triplet features in its superconducting state and consider the broader consequences of our results for noncentrosymmetric superconductors in general.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, accepted by J. Phys.: Condens. Matter
Common Viral Diseases Encountered in Captive Asian Elephants
Creators: name: . Rajasathiya1, E. Tamileniyan1 and M. Veeraselvam2
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2024

description: The Asian elephant (Elephas maximus) is the largest living terrestrial mammal on the asian continent and they are important for biodiversity and regional ecosystem balance. Today it is classified as endangered according to the IUCN red list. The main threat to elephant population worldwide is poaching, habitat fragmentation, population growth and viruses. EEHV is a highly fatal, multi systemic hemorrhagic disease and one of the most important causes of mortality of juvenile Asian elephant in captivity. FMD is a highly contagious, acute viral disease of cloven-hoofed animal characterized by vesicle formation on tongue, palate and erosive lesions on foot slipper. Elephant pox virus is a serious, contagious disease caused by orthopoxvirus and characterized by pustules on the trunk, head. Rabies is a deadly viral infection that spreads through saliva of infected animal characterized by neurological excitement, paralysis. Encephalomyocarditis is an acute febrile disease of Elephant, Swine and Captive Zoo animals and may induce encephalitis, myocarditis.
Optically detected nuclear quadrupolar interaction of 14N in nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond
Creators: name: Shin, Chang S.
name: Butler, Mark C.
name: Wang, Hai-Jing
name: Avalos, Claudia E.
name: Seltzer, Scott J.
name: Liu, Ren-Bao
name: Pines, Alexander
name: Bajaj, Vikram S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report sensitive detection of the nuclear quadrupolar interaction of the 14N nuclear spin of the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center using the electron spin echo envelope modulation technique. We applied a weak transverse magnetic field to the spin system so that certain forbidden transitions became weakly allowed due to second-order effects involving the nonsecular terms of the hyperfine interaction. The weak transitions cause modulation of the electron spin-echo signal, and a theoretical analysis suggests that the modulation frequency is primarily determined by the nuclear quadrupolar frequency; numerical simulations confirm the analytical results and show excellent quantitative agreement with experiments. This is an experimentally simple method of detecting quadrupolar interactions, and it can be used to study spin systems with an energy structure similar to that of the nitrogen vacancy center.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures
A Guaranteed Annual Income Benefits the Health of Canadians with Chronic Illness
Creators: name: Abinader, Joseph
Publisher: name: Faculty of Graduate Studies
Year: 2016

description: Chronic illness is currently the number one cause of death in Canada and the largest cost to our increasingly unsustainable healthcare system. Unfortunately, the massive fiscal and social cost of chronic illness is only expected to get worse as the Canadian population ages. Economists, researchers and politicians across Canada have suggested that novel approaches to health and wellness are required to reduce the rate of chronic illness in Canadian populations. One of these novel approaches is alleviating poverty through a guaranteed Annual Income (GAI). For over forty years, the concept of a guaranteed annual income has been part of welfare discussions in Canada. Canadian research has suggested that a guaranteed income can reduce the cost of healthcare by addressing income security and poverty as upstream determinant of health. By manipulating extracted data from the Canadian Community Health Survey, this study also provides evidence that a guaranteed income is an effective healthcare innovation that warrants further research. This study concludes that a GAI policy is worth investigating as it can help alleviate poverty and the burden of chronic illness in Canada.
title: Le positionnement infirmier face au suicide assisté dans un établissement médico-social
title: Le positionnement infirmier face au suicide assisté dans un établissement médico-social
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Henriques Monteiro, Daniela
name: Mamin, Cléo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: Aide au suicide
subject: Établissements médico-sociaux

description: Durant notre formation en soins infirmiers, nous avons été confrontées à la thématique du suicide assisté (SA). De plus, l’une de nous a vécu deux SA de deux de ses proches. En Suisse, les chiffres montrent que le SA est en augmentation ces dernières années. Selon la Radio Télévision Suisse [RTS] (2023), « En 2022, 1’627 personnes ont eu recours à Exit, soit 233 de plus qu’en 2021 » en Suisse. De ce fait, nous allons éventuellement être amenées à rencontrer des patients souhaitant recourir au SA au cours de notre carrière. Cette thématique est complexe à la vue de l’évolution de la population et du contexte légal qui demande une compréhension approfondie de l’accompagnement infirmier qui en découle. Objectifs :L’objectif de cette recherche est d’examiner le positionnement infirmier dans le processus de suicide assisté chez le résident souffrant et faisant cette demande.
The evolution of ultra-massive carbon oxygen white dwarfs
Creators: name: Camisassa, María E.
name: Althaus, Leandro G.
name: Koester, Detlev
name: Torres, Santiago
name: Pons, Pilar Gil
name: Córsico, Alejandro H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultra-massive white dwarfs ($\rm M_{WD} \gtrsim 1.05\, M_{\odot}$) are considered powerful tools to study type Ia supernovae explosions, merger events, the occurrence of physical processes in the Super Asymptotic Giant Branch (SAGB) phase, and the existence of high magnetic fields. Traditionally, ultra-massive white dwarfs are expected to harbour oxygen-neon (ONe) cores. However, new observations and recent theoretical studies suggest that the progenitors of some ultra-massive white dwarfs can avoid carbon burning, leading to the formation of ultra-massive white dwarfs harbouring carbon-oxygen (CO) cores. Here we present a set of ultra-massive white dwarf evolutionary sequences with CO cores for a wide range of metallicity and masses. We take into account the energy released by latent heat and phase separation during the crystallization process and by $^{22}$Ne sedimentation. Realistic chemical profiles resulting from the full computation of progenitor evolution are considered. We compare our CO ultra-massive white dwarf models with ONe models. We conclude that CO ultra-massive white dwarfs evolve significantly slower than their ONe counterparts mainly for three reasons: their larger thermal content, the effect of crystallization, and the effect of $^{22}$Ne sedimentation. We also provide colors in several photometric bands on the basis of new model atmospheres. These CO ultra-massive white dwarf models, together with the ONe ultra-massive white dwarf models, provide an appropriate theoretical framework to study the ultra-massive white dwarf population in our Galaxy.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Ausdünnung von Zirren, um dem Klimawandel entgegenzuwirken?
Creators: name: Gasparini, Blaž
name: Quante, Markus
name: Lohmann, Ulrike
Publisher: name: Universität Hamburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: Thinning cirrus clouds, cirrus clouds, cirrus cloud thinning, CCT,stratospheric aerosol injections, marine cloud brightening,emission of longwave radiation, ice nucleation, effectiveness of CCT.

description: Thinning cirrus clouds to counteract climate change?: Cirrus cloud thinning (CCT) is a climate intervention method aimed at offsetting the anthropogenic greenhouse effect. Unlike stratospheric aerosol injections or marine cloud brightening, which aim to reflect more sunlight back to space, it is designed to increase the emission of longwave radiation to space. Cirrus clouds are made optically thinner by injecting appropriate ice nucleation particles, so that more cirrus clouds form by heterogeneous nucleation. The existing literature on the effectiveness of CCT is inconclusive, ranging from no effect to the equivalent of halving CO2 concentrations in an extreme emissions scenario.
The Cosmic Mach Number as an Environment Measure for the Underlying Dark Matter Density Field
Creators: name: Meriot, Romain
name: Khochfar, Sadegh
name: Onorbe, Jose
name: Smith, Britton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using cosmological dark matter only simulations of a $(1.6$ Gpc$/h)^3$ volume from the Legacy simulation project, we calculate Cosmic Mach Numbers (CMN) and perform a theoretical investigation of their relation with halo properties and features of the density field to gauge their use as an measure of the environment. CMNs calculated on individual spheres show correlations with both the overdensity in a region and the density gradient in the direction of the bulk flow around that region. To reduce the scatter around the median of these correlations, we introduce a new measure, the rank ordered Cosmic Mach number ($\hat{\mathcal{M}}_g$), which shows a tight correlations with the overdensity $δ=\frac{ρ-\barρ}{\barρ}$. Measures of the large scale density gradient as well as other average properties of the halo population in a region show tight correlations with $\hat{\mathcal{M}}_g$ as well. Our results in this first empirical study suggest that $\hat{\mathcal{M}}_g$ is an excellent proxy for the underlying density field and hence environment that can circumvent reliance on number density counts in a region. For scales between $10$ and $100 Mpc$/h, Mach numbers calculated using dark matter halos $(> 10^{12}$ M$_{\odot})$ that would typically host massive galaxies are consistent with theoretical predictions of the linear matter power spectrum at a level of $10\%$ due to non-linear effects of gravity. At redshifts $z\geq 3$, these deviations disappear. We also quantify errors due to missing large scale modes in simulations. Simulations of box size $\leq 1 $ Gpc/$h$ typically predict CMNs 10-30\% too small on scales of$\sim 100$ Mpc$/h$.
description: 16 pages, 20 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS on 08/02/2022. Typos corrected
Negative Chemical Pressure Effect on Superconductivity and Charge Density Wave of Cu0.5Ir1-xZrxTe2
Creators: name: Zeng, Lingyong
name: Ji, Yi
name: Yu, Dongpeng
name: Guo, Shu
name: He, Yiyi
name: Li, Kuan
name: Huang, Yanhao
name: Zhang, Chao
name: Yu, Peifeng
name: Luo, Shaojuan
name: Wang, Huichao
name: Luo, Huixia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study demonstrates the design and synthesis of Cu0.5Ir1-xZrxTe2 system by partial substitution of Ir with Zr acting as a negative chemical pressure. With the doping of Zr, the cell parameters significantly expand, signifying an effective negative chemical pressure. The experimental results found evidence that the charge density wave (CDW)-like order is immediately quenched by subtle Zr substitution for Ir and a classical dome-shape Tc(x) that peaked at 2.80 K can be observed. The optimal Cu0.5Ir0.95Zr0.05Te2 compound is a BCS-type superconductor and exhibits type-II SC. However, high Zr concentration can provoke disorder, inducing the reappearance of CDW order. The present study shows that the Cu0.5Ir1-xZrxTe2 system may provide a new platform for further understanding of multiple electronic orders in transition metal dichalcogenides.
description: 29 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables; The manuscript with the same title will be published by J. Phys. Chem. C
Can a Single Population Account for the Discriminant Properties in Fast Radio Bursts?
Creators: name: Zhong, Shu-Qing
name: Xie, Wen-Jin
name: Deng, Can-Min
name: Li, Long
name: Dai, Zi-Gao
name: Zhang, Hai-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To probe this question, we perform a statistical analysis using the first Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment Fast Radio Burst (CHIME/FRB) catalog and identify a few discriminant properties between repeating and non-repeating FRBs such as the repetition rate, duration, bandwidth, spectral index, peak luminosity, and potential peak frequency. If repeating and non-repeating FRBs belong to one population, their distribution distinctions for the repetition rate and duration can be explained by the selection effect due to the beamed emission as in Connor et al. (2020). However, we obtain that the distribution distinctions for the spectral index and potentially the peak frequency cannot be explained by the beamed emission within the framework of either the coherent curvature radiation or synchrotron maser emission. This indicates that there could be two populations. We further discuss three possible scenarios for the required two populations.
description: The answer is "maybe no". ApJ in press