cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A median redshift of 2.4 for galaxies bright at submillimetre wavelengths
Creators: name: Chapman, S. C.
name: Blain, A. W.
name: Ivison, R. J.
name: Smail, Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A significant fraction of the energy emitted in the early Universe came from very luminous galaxies that are largely hidden at optical wavelengths (because of interstellar dust grains); this energy now forms part of the cosmic background radiation at wavelengths near 1mm. These submillimetre (submm) galaxies were resolved from the background in 1997 but have been difficult to identify and study due to the poor spatial resolution of submm instruments. This has impeded the determination of their distances (or redshifts, z), a crucial element in understanding their nature and evolution. Here we report spectroscopic redshifts for ten representative submm galaxies that we identified reliably using high resolution radio observations. The median redshift for our sample is 2.4, with a quartile range of z = 1.9-2.8. The submm population therefore coexists with the peak activity of quasars, which are thought to be massive black holes in the process of accreting matter, suggesting a close relationship between the growth of massive black holes and luminous dusty galaxies. The space density of submm galaxies at z>2 is about 1000 times greater than that of similarly luminous galaxies in the present-day Universe, so they represent an important component of star formation at high redshifts.
description: 18 pages, letter to Nature (April 17, 2003 issue -- embargo until April 17)
Hydrophis schistosus Daudin 1803
Creators: name: Rasmussen, Arne Redsted
name: Sanders, Kate Laura
name: Guinea, Michael L.
name: Amey, Andrew P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Elapidae
Hydrophis
Hydrophis schistosus

description: Hydrophis schistosus Daudin, 1803 / Hydrophis zweifeli (Kharin, 1985).
 McDowell (1972) mentioned a specimen from Sepik River, East Sepik District, New Guinea (AMNH 104340) that was very similar to the ‘beaked sea snake’, H. schistosus, but showed some morphological characters which were not in accordance with H. schistosus. Later Kharin (1985) described a new species, Enhydrina zweifeli, based on McDowell´s (1972) data. The similarity with H. schistosus is striking. However, a recently published paper presented molecular evidence showing the two species represent distinct lineages and are not each other’s closest relatives, indicating convergent phenotypic evolution probably related to a specialist diet of large, spiny prey (Ukuwela, de Silva, Fry, Lee, & Sanders, 2012). Morphological analysis of 18 specimens from the Asian region and 12 specimens from Australia suggested the specimens in Australian waters all belong to H. zweifeli based on scale counts and colour pattern characters, thus excluding H. schistosus from Australian waters (Ukuwela, de Silva, et al., 2012). However, more molecular and morphological analyses of additional specimens are needed to determine the precise distributions of the two species (Ukuwela, de Silva, et al., 2012). Based on the above, we exclude H. schistosus from the list of sea snakes occurring in Australian waters in favour of H. zweifeli.
description: Published as part of Rasmussen, Arne Redsted, Sanders, Kate Laura, Guinea, Michael L. & Amey, Andrew P., 2014, Sea snakes in Australian waters (Serpentes: subfamilies Hydrophiinae and Laticaudinae) - a review with an updated identification key, pp. 351-371 in Zootaxa 3869 (4) on page 355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3869.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4947280
On the fluctuations of jamming coverage upon random sequential adsorption on homogeneous and heterogeneous media
Creators: name: Loscar, Ernesto S.
name: Borzi, Rodolfo A.
name: Albano, Ezequiel V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fluctuations of the jamming coverage upon Random Sequential Adsorption (RSA) are studied using both analytical and numerical techniques. Our main result shows that these fluctuations (characterized by $σ_{θ_J}$) decay with the lattice size according to the power-law $σ_{θ_J} \propto L^{-1/ ν}$. The exponent $ν$ depends on the dimensionality $D$ of the substrate and the fractal dimension of the set where the RSA process actually takes place ($d_f$) according to $ν= 2 / (2D - d_f)$.This theoretical result is confirmed by means of extensive numerical simulations applied to the RSA of dimers on homogeneous and stochastic fractal substrates. Furthermore, our predictions are in excellent agreement with different previous numerical results. It is also shown that, studying correlated stochastic processes, one can define various fluctuating quantities designed to capture either the underlying physics of individual processes or that of the whole system. So, subtle differences in the definitions may lead to dramatically different physical interpretations of the results. Here, this statement is demonstrated for the case of RSA of dimers on binary alloys.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures
Autonomous Angles-Only Multi-Target Tracking for Spacecraft Swarms
Creators: name: Kruger, Justin
name: D'Amico, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper presents a new algorithm for autonomous multitarget tracking of resident space objects using optical angles-only measurements from a spaceborne observer. To enable autonomous angles-only navigation of spacecraft swarms, an observer must be able to identify and track multiple known or unknown target space objects in view, without reliance on a-priori relative orbit knowledge. Extremely high assignment precision is necessary with low measurement frequencies and limited computational resources. The new "Spacecraft Angles-only MUltitarget tracking System" (SAMUS) algorithm has been developed to meet these objectives and constraints. It combines domain-specific modeling of target kinematics with multi-hypothesis techniques to autonomously track multiple unknown targets using only sequential camera images. A measurement transform ensures that target motion in the observer reference frame follows consistent parametric models; curve fitting is used to predict track behavior; and kinematically-derived track gating and scoring criteria are applied to improve the efficiency and accuracy of the multi-hypothesis approach. Monte-Carlo testing with high-fidelity simulations demonstrates close to 100% measurement assignment precision and strong recall across a range of multi-spacecraft formations, in both near-circular and eccentric orbits. Tracking is maintained in the presence of eclipse periods, significant measurement noise, and partially known swarm maneuvers. A comparison to other tracking algorithms reveals strong advantages in precision, robustness and computation time, crucial for spaceborne angles-only navigation.
description: 19 pages, 15 figures, submitted to Acta Astronautica
Fast and robust production of quantum superposition states by the fractional shortcut to adiabaticity
Creators: name: Li, Guan-Qiang
name: Guo, Hao
name: Zhang, Yu-Qi
name: Yang, Bo
name: Peng, Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fractional shortcut to adiabaticity (f-STA) for production of quantum superposition states is proposed firstly via a three-level system with $Λ$-type linkage pattern and a four-level system with tripod structure. \textcolor[rgb]{1,0,0}{\sout{The fast, robust and efficient}} \textcolor[rgb]{0,0,1}{\uwave{The fast and robust}} production of the coherent superposition states is studied by comparing the populations for the f-STA and the fractional stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (f-STIRAP). The \textcolor[rgb]{1,0,0}{\sout{superposition}} states with equal proportion can be produced by fixing the controllable parameters of the driving pulses at the final moment of the whole process. The effects of the pulse intensity and the time delay of the pulses on the production process are discussed by monitoring the populations on all of the quantum states. In particular, the spontaneous emission arising from the intermediate state is investigated by the quantum master equation. The result reveals that the f-STA exhibits superior advantages over the f-STIRAP in producing the superposition states.
Infrastructure Project Prioritization in Theory and Practice
Creators: name: Bennon, Michael
name: Sharma, Rajiv
name: Bennon, Michael
name: Sharma, Rajiv
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: infrastructure investment
subject: benefit-cost analysis
subject: infrastructure prioritization
subject: infrastructure
subject: policy

description: The 2011 congressional ban on earmarks for infrastructure projects formally transferred responsibility for prioritizing federal infrastructure investments to the executive branch, and has redoubled the importance of how, exactly, the federal government evaluates and selects infrastructure projects that will receive federal funding. The Benefit-Cost Analysis (BCA) study is one such method of evaluating and prioritizing infrastructure projects or other policy alternatives which has been widely studied in literature and largely adopted by U.S. federal agencies. Despite their renewed and significant impact on the selection of infrastructure projects, however, the use and applications of BCAs in the U.S. varies significantly between sectors, agencies and levels of government. In this paper, we review the BCA and other project prioritization policies in U.S. federal agencies and compare them with other, international programs in the comparable economies of Australia and Canada.
description: This paper was part of the workshop, Economic Returns to Rural Infrastructure Investment, organized by Farm Foundation and USDA’s Economic Research Service (ERS) on April 10–11, 2018, in Washington, D.C.
U.S. Imports of Fruits and Vegetables Under Plant Quarantine Regulations, Fiscal Year 1988
Creators: name: Pearrow, Joan
name: Pearrow, Joan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: U.S. imports
subject: fruits
subject: vegetables
subject: plant quarantine regulations

description: U.S. imports of most fruits and vegetables are subject to regulations administered by the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. This statistical report summarizes imports of over 200 commodities by country of origin and port of entry from October 1, 1987, through September 30, 1988. Data are incomplete for the ports of Boston, MA, Charleston, SC, Dover, DE, Hoboken, NJ, Mayaguez, PR, New Orleans, LA, Norfolk- Newport, VA, Progreso, TX, San Francisco, CA, San Juan, PR, St. Thomas, VI, Washington, DC, West Palm Beach, FL, and Guam because some monthly Station Reports were unavailable for those ports.
Coulomb drag in high Landau levels
Creators: name: Gornyi, I. V.
name: Mirlin, A. D.
name: von Oppen, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments on Coulomb drag in the quantum Hall regime have yielded a number of surprises. The most striking observations are that the Coulomb drag can become negative in high Landau levels and that its temperature dependence is non-monotonous. We develop a systematic diagrammatic theory of Coulomb drag in strong magnetic fields explaining these puzzling experiments. The theory is applicable both in the diffusive and the ballistic regimes; we focus on the experimentally relevant ballistic regime (interlayer distance $a$ smaller than the cyclotron radius $R_c$). It is shown that the drag at strong magnetic fields is an interplay of two contributions arising from different sources of particle-hole asymmetry, namely the curvature of the zero-field electron dispersion and the particle-hole asymmetry associated with Landau quantization. The former contribution is positive and governs the high-temperature increase in the drag resistivity. On the other hand, the latter one, which is dominant at low $T$, has an oscillatory sign (depending on the difference in filling factors of the two layers) and gives rise to a sharp peak in the temperature dependence at $T$ of the order of the Landau level width.
description: 26 pages, 13 figures
Analytic Continuation of Resolvent Kernels on noncompact Symmetric Spaces
Creators: name: Strohmaier, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58J50, 11F72

description: Let X=G/K be a symmetric space of noncompact type and let L be the Laplacian associated with a G-invariant metric on X. We show that the resolvent kernel of L admits a holomorphic extension to a Riemann surface depending on the rank of the symmetric space. This Riemann surface is a branched cover of the complex plane with a certain part of the real axis removed. It has a branching point at the bottom of the spectrum of L. It is further shown that this branching point is quadratic if the rank of X is odd, and is logarithmic otherwise. In case G has only one conjugacy class of Cartan subalgebras the resolvent kernel extends to a holomorphic function on a branched cover of the complex plane with the only branching point being the bottom of the spectrum.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures, LaTeX
Are Crop Forecasts News? The Impact of U.S.D.A. Announcements on Futures Market Prices
Creators: name: Mueller, Rolf A.E.
name: Sumner, Daniel A.
name: Mueller, Rolf A.E.
name: Sumner, Daniel A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Statistical analysis shows that the release of U.S.D.A. crop forecasts for corn and soybeans affect future market traders' behavior. Traders have many sources of information, so we test the magnitude of 1Pto Pt i / Pt on the Chicago Board of Trade for announcement dates, t, against a random sample of other comparable dates.
Additional file 1 of Coping and wellbeing in bereavement: two core outcomes for evaluating bereavement support in palliative care
Creators: name: Harrop, Emily
name: Scott, Hannah
name: Sivell, Stephanie
name: Seddon, Kathy
name: Fitzgibbon, Jim
name: Morgan, Fiona
name: Pickett, Sara
name: Byrne, Anthony
name: Annmarie Nelson
name: Longo, Mirella
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. List of all measures used to construct Delphi survey lists.
Anomalous Anisotropy of the Lower Critical Field and Meissner Effect in UTe2
Creators: name: Paulsen, C.
name: Knebel, G.
name: Lapertot, G.
name: Braithwaite, D.
name: Pourret, A.
name: Aoki, D.
name: Hardy, F.
name: Flouquet, J.
name: Brison, J. -P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on low temperature susceptibility and magnetization measurements made on single crystals of the recently discovered heavy-fermion superconductor UTe$_2$ and compare the results with the two ambient pressure ferromagnetic superconductors URhGe and UCoGe. Hysteresis curves in the superconducting phase show a familiar diamond shape superimposed on a large paramagnetic background. The Meissner state was measured by zero field cooling in small fields of a few Oe as well as ac susceptibility measurements in small fields and resulted in 100\% shielding, with a sharp transition. However the field cooling Meissner-Ochsenfeld effect (expulsion of flux) was negligible in fields greater than just a few Oe, but becomes nearly 30\% of the perfect diamagnetic signal when the field was reduced to 0.01~Oe. The critical current due to flux pinning was studied by ac susceptibility techniques. Over the range in fields and temperature of this study, no signature of a ferromagnetic transition could be discerned. The lower critical field $H_{\rm c1}$ has been measured along the three crystalographic axes, and surprisingly, the anisotropy of $H_{\rm c1}$ contradicts that of the upper critical field. We discuss this discrepancy and show that it may provide additional support for a magnetic field-dependent pairing mediated by ferromagnetic fluctuations in UTe$_2$.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, supplemental material included, to appear in Phys. Rev B (Letter)
Approaches to Modeling Retail-Farm Price Spreads and Derived Demand Relationships for Food Commodities: A Selected, Annotated Bibliography
Creators: name: Wohlgenant, Michael K.
name: Haidacher, RichardC.
name: Wohlgenant, Michael K.
name: Haidacher, RichardC.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Retail-farm price linkage
subject: demand systems
subject: price spreads
subject: margins

description: Eighty-eight theoretical and empirical studies that focus on various aspects related to modeling the economic linkage between retail demand and farm level demand for food commodities and related inputs are reviewed. The focus of each study, an its more salient features and conclusions related to the retail-to- farm demand linkage, are summarized.
Gracupica tertia Hartert
Creators: name: Lecroy, Mary
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Sturnidae
Gracupica
Gracupica tertia

description: Gracupica tertia Hartert
Gracupica tertia Hartert, 1896b: 547 (Bali, low country).
Now Acridotheres melanopterus tertius (Hartert, 1896). See Stresemann, 1913b: 374–375; Hartert, 1919: 136; Amadon, 1962a: 112; Feare and Craig, 1999: 162–163; Dickinson, 2003: 655; and Craig and Feare, 2009: 736.
HOLOTYPE: AMNH 666372, adult male, collected on Bali Island, Indonesia, in March 1896, by William Doherty. From the Rothschild Collection.
COMMENTS: Doherty collected the single specimen. It is pictured by Hartert (1912a: 374, pl. 2).
description: Published as part of Lecroy, Mary, 2014, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 12. Passeriformes: Ploceidae, Sturnidae, Buphagidae, Oriolidae, Dicruridae, Callaeidae, Grallinidae, Corcoracidae, Artamidae, Cracticidae, Ptilonorhynchidae, Cnemophilidae, Paradisaeidae, And Corvidae, pp. 1-165 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2014 (393) on pages 39-40, DOI: 10.1206/885.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4629954
Hydrophis spiralis
Creators: name: Rasmussen, Arne Redsted
name: Sanders, Kate Laura
name: Guinea, Michael L.
name: Amey, Andrew P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Elapidae
Hydrophis
Hydrophis spiralis

description: Hydrophis spiralis (Shaw, 1802).
 Ineich and Rasmussen (1997) mentioned H. spiralis for the first time in New Caledonia, which is surprising, as it has never been collected in Australian waters. The known distributions of H. spiralis are the Persian Gulf in the west to Vietnam in the east, Indonesia including Java and Sulawesi in the south (David & Ineich, 1999; Rasmussen, Elmberg, et al., 2011). Whether it was a vagrant specimen from Asia or there is a population at New Caledonia is uncertain, but with only one specimen collected from New Caledonia without precise locality (Ineich & Rasmussen, 1997), we do not include it in the possible list until further specimens have confirmed its presence closer to Australian waters.
description: Published as part of Rasmussen, Arne Redsted, Sanders, Kate Laura, Guinea, Michael L. & Amey, Andrew P., 2014, Sea snakes in Australian waters (Serpentes: subfamilies Hydrophiinae and Laticaudinae) - a review with an updated identification key, pp. 351-371 in Zootaxa 3869 (4) on page 355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3869.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4947280
Elasticities of Fertilizer Demands for Corn in the Short and the Long Run: A Cointegrated and Error-Correcting System.
Creators: name: Denbaly, Mark
name: Vroomen, Harry
name: Denbaly, Mark
name: Vroomen, Harry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Fertilizer nutrient demands
subject: dynamic process
subject: shortrun and longrun elasticities
subject: unit roots
subject: nonstationarity
subject: cointegration and error correction models

description: Previous empirical models of fertilizer demand for corn or feedgrains production, which have been analyzed mainly within a static framework, indicate that the functions are price elastic or nearly price elastic. This result implies that taxes could be an effective policy tool to reduce nutrient use in agriculture. If application rates and independent variables are nonstationary, static regressions, which would then be misspecified dynamically, could result in a spurious relationship with inconsistent parameters. In this paper, we estimate a set of dynamic demand models for nitrogen, phosphate, and potash use in corn production, which accounts for nearly half of total U.S. fertilizer nutrient use. The results provide strong statistical evidence that nutrient demands for corn are price inelastic both in the short and the long run.
CP asymmetry in flavour-specific B decays beyond leading logarithms
Creators: name: Beneke, M.
name: Buchalla, G.
name: Lenz, A.
name: Nierste, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute next-to-leading order QCD corrections to the CP asymmetry a_{fs} = Im(Gamma_{12}/M_{12}) in flavour-specific B_{d,s} decays such as B_d->X l nu or B_s->D^-_s pi^+. The corrections reduce the uncertainties associated with the choice of the renormalization scheme for the quark masses significantly. In the Standard Model we predict a^d_{fs} = -(5.0 +- 1.1)*10^{-4}. As a by-product we also obtain the width difference in the B_d system at next-to-leading order in QCD.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures; error in NLO calculation corrected
Uniqueness of compact ancient solutions to three-dimensional Ricci flow
Creators: name: Brendle, Simon
name: Daskalopoulos, Panagiota
name: Sesum, Natasa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C44

description: In this paper, we study the classification of $κ$-noncollapsed ancient solutions to three-dimensional Ricci flow on $S^3$. We prove that such a solution is either isometric to a family of shrinking round spheres, or the Type II ancient solution constructed by Perelman.
description: This paper supersedes the paper arXiv:1904.07835 by Brendle and the paper arXiv:1907.01928 by Daskalopoulos and Sesum. We also remove the assumption on reflection symmetry that was present in the latter paper
Additional file 3 of Combined protein and calcium β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate induced gains in leg fat free mass: a double-blinded, placebo-controlled study
Creators: name: Stahn, Alexander C.
name: Maggioni, Martina Anna
name: Hanns-Christian Gunga
name: Elmarie Terblanche
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Cardiology

description: Additional file 3: Table S3. Main and interaction effects of Time and Treatment.
Additional file 2 of Combined protein and calcium β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate induced gains in leg fat free mass: a double-blinded, placebo-controlled study
Creators: name: Stahn, Alexander C.
name: Maggioni, Martina Anna
name: Hanns-Christian Gunga
name: Elmarie Terblanche
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Cardiology

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Resistance training program.
Microcephalophis gracilis
Creators: name: Rasmussen, Arne Redsted
name: Sanders, Kate Laura
name: Guinea, Michael L.
name: Amey, Andrew P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Elapidae
Microcephalophis
Microcephalophis gracilis

description: Microcephalophis gracilis (Shaw, 1802).
 M. gracilis is mentioned by M. A. Smith (1926) as occurring in Australia based on one specimen at the Australian Museum in Sydney (AMR6719). Cogger (1975) regarded this specimen as of doubtful provenance, but mentioned another from the Gulf of Papua (MCR142375), indicating M. gracilis does occur in Australian waters. The specimens mentioned as M. gracilis at the Museum Victoria, Melbourne turned out to be H. elegans (examined by ARR). Ineich and Rasmussen (1997) could not confirm M. gracilis in New Caledonian waters as the specimens identified by Gail and Rageau (1958) turned out to be H. coggeri. We have found no evidence to include this species in the checklist, but based on the specimen from Gulf of Papua we include it in the possible list.
description: Published as part of Rasmussen, Arne Redsted, Sanders, Kate Laura, Guinea, Michael L. & Amey, Andrew P., 2014, Sea snakes in Australian waters (Serpentes: subfamilies Hydrophiinae and Laticaudinae) - a review with an updated identification key, pp. 351-371 in Zootaxa 3869 (4) on page 355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3869.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4947280
Assessment of Wastewater Treatment Facilities in Small Communities
Creators: name: Ryan, Barry
name: Ryan, Barry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Wastewater treatment
subject: needs assessment
subject: Clean Water Act
subject: small communities
subject: small towns
subject: sewage treatment

description: This report examines the condition of wastewater treatment facilities in communities of 10,000 persons or fewer. Capital spending requirements for these systems in 1988 are estimated at $13.7 billion and are expected to grow by $4.4 billion over the next 20 years. Likewise, the number of persons receiving sewage treatment will grow from 32 million to 57 million by the year 2008. Analysis of the excess flow capacity of small-community systems shows the average system was operating at 80 percent of capacity, while 20 percent of existing systems were operating in excess of current design flows.
A TEACHING-EXTENSION APPROACH TO LOAN COST COMPARISONS
Creators: name: Anderson, Kim B.
name: Bradford, Garnett L.
name: Anderson, Kim B.
name: Bradford, Garnett L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: Agricultural Finance

description: This article presents a systematic procedure for comparing three common types of loans--declining balance, add-on and discount--which have unequal and different types of finance charges. The procedure can be applied using handheld calculators, microcomputers or host computers. Its basic appeal is twofold: it provides a method useful in applied research and for teaching* undergraduate students and agricultural extension clientele. A method is presented for calculating an adjusted total loan cost and an adjusted APR for each type of loan. The adjusted APR's provide the most appropriate basis for a cost comparison of potential loans.
THE VALUE OF OUTLOOK INFORMATION IN POST-HARVEST MARKETING STRATEGIES
Creators: name: Rister, M. Edward
name: Skees, Jerry R.
name: Rister, M. Edward
name: Skees, Jerry R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Risk and Uncertainty

description: This paper uses stochastic dominance theory to evaluate the use of market outlook information in the harvest decision to store or not store grain sorghum in the Coastal Bend region of southern Texas. Use of Pratt risk-aversion coefficients to identify various classes of decision makers lead to the conclusion that outlook information is valuable to a variety of decision makers.
A class of quasi-eternal non-Markovian Pauli channels and their measure
Creators: name: Utagi, Shrikant
name: Rao, Vinod N.
name: Srikanth, R.
name: Banerjee, Subhashish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a class of qubit non-Markovian general Pauli dynamical maps with multiple singularities in the generator. We discuss a few easy examples involving trigonometric or other non-monotonic time dependence of the map, and discuss in detail the structure of channels which don't have any trigonometric functional dependence. We demystify the concept of a singularity here, showing that it corresponds to a point where the dynamics can be regular but the map is momentarily non-invertible, and this gives a basic guideline to construct such non-invertible non-Markovian channels. Most members of the channels in the considered family are quasi-eternally non-Markovian (QENM), which is a broader class of non-Markovian channels than the eternal non-Markovian channels. In specific, the measure of quasi-eternal non-Markovian (QENM) channels in the considered class is shown to be $\frac{2}{3}$ in the isotropic case, and about 0.96 in the anisotropic case.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures. Close to the published version
Helicity Basis for Spin 1/2 and 1
Creators: name: Dvoeglazov, Valeri V.
name: Gonzalez, J. L. Quintanar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the theory of the (1/2,0)+(0,1/2) and (1,0)+(0,1) representations in the helicity basis. The helicity eigenstates are not the parity eigenstates. This is in accordance with the idea of Berestetskii, Lifshitz and Pitaevskii. The behaviour of the helicity eigenstates with respect to the charge conjugation, CP- conjugation is also different comparing with the parity eigenstates.
description: 9pp., no figures
Cosmopsarus regius subsp. donaldsoni van Someren
Creators: name: Lecroy, Mary
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Passeridae
Cosmopsarus
Cosmopsarus regius
Cosmopsarus regius donaldsoni van someren

description: Cosmopsarus regius donaldsoni van Someren
Cosmopsarus regius donaldsoni van Someren, 1919: 52 (Mavsabit).
Now Lamprotornis regius Reichenow, 1879. See van Someren, 1924: 70; Hartert, 1928: 192; Amadon, 1962a: 102; Zimmerman et al., 1999: 514; Fry et al., 2000: 622–623; Dickinson, 2003: 657; and Craig and Feare, 2009: 747–748.
HOLOTYPE: AMNH 669177, adult male, collected at Marsabit, 02.20N, 37.59E (Polhill, 1988), Kenya, on 20 February 1911, by A. Blayney Percival. From the Rothschild Collection.
COMMENTS: In the original description, van Someren said that the type, with the above data, was in the Rothschild Collection, and that the form was found in Somaliland, southern Ethopia, and in the northern frontier district of East Africa. Later, van Someren (1924: 70) noted that he had mistaken the type locality of the nominate subspecies of L. regius and that his subspecies donaldsoni was a synonym of L. r. regius. He then described L. r. magnificus (van Someren, 1924: 71) from Tsavo, the type of which is not in AMNH.
description: Published as part of Lecroy, Mary, 2014, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 12. Passeriformes: Ploceidae, Sturnidae, Buphagidae, Oriolidae, Dicruridae, Callaeidae, Grallinidae, Corcoracidae, Artamidae, Cracticidae, Ptilonorhynchidae, Cnemophilidae, Paradisaeidae, And Corvidae, pp. 1-165 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2014 (393) on page 38, DOI: 10.1206/885.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4629954
THE COST OF BORROWED OPERATING CAPITAL: A COMPARISON OF PCA AND FmHA
Creators: name: Jones, Robert
name: Jones, Robert
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: Agricultural Finance

description: The interest rates farmers now face are significantly higher than in the years past (Schneeberger and Osborn; U.S. Dept. of Agriculture; Sonka, Dixon, and Jones-Melicher; Brake and Melicher) and interest on borrowed operating capital is becoming a larger proportion of production costs. As a result farmers have more incentive to minimize the cost of operating funds used in the farming operation. This involves not only selecting the lowest rate of interest, but also selecting the optimum type of loan proceeds disbursement policy, or the manner in which the operating funds are disbursed. It may also involve factors such as the time in which it takes to get money after the loan is approved, the amount of paperwork involved in processing and maintaining the loan, and the length of time borrowed capital is used compared to the time borrowed capital is paid for.
Customer Profitability Analysis and Farm Loan Pricing by Agricultural Banks
Creators: name: Barry, Peter J.
name: Schramm, Rick R.
name: Barry, Peter J.
name: Schramm, Rick R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: Agricultural Finance

description: The general objectives of this paper are to further develop procedures for analyzing the profitability and pricing of farm loans by agricultural banks. Following sections review the current setting for farm loan pricing, and develop the principles and procedures of customer profitability analyses (CPA) under conditions of lending and liquidity risks. These procedures are illustrated through an empirical application to farm customers of a commercial bank in Northern Illinois.
Linear and nonlinear hydromagnetic stability in laminar and turbulent flows
Creators: name: Fouxon, Itzhak
name: Feinberg, Joshua
name: Mond, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the evolution of arbitrarily large perturbations of a prescribed pure hydrodynamical flow of an electrically conducting fluid. We study whether the flow perturbations as well as the generated magnetic fields decay or grow with time and constitute a dynamo process. For that purpose we derive a generalized Reynolds-Orr equation for the sum of the kinetic energy of the hydrodynamic perturbation and the magnetic energy. The flow is confined in a finite volume so the normal component of the velocity at the boundary is zero. The tangential component is left arbitrary in contrast with previous works. For the magnetic field we mostly employ the classical boundary conditions where the field extends in the whole space. We establish critical values of hydrodynamic and magnetic Reynolds numbers below which arbitrarily large initial perturbations of the hydrodynamic flow decay. This involves generalization of the Rayleigh-Faber-Krahn inequality for the smallest eigenvalue of an elliptic operator. For high Reynolds number turbulence we provide an estimate of critical magnetic Reynolds number below which arbitrarily large fluctuations of the magnetic field decay.
description: Published version. Title and abstract changed. two figures added
An Empirical Analysis of the Cost of Long-Term Debt Financing for Cooperative and Proprietary Agricultural Marketing Firms
Creators: name: Vitaliano, Peter
name: Vitaliano, Peter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: Agricultural Finance

description: Regression analysis relating four measures of the cost of long-term debt financing to capital structure and other financial factors reveals this cost to be generally, but not in every circumstance, unrelated to a marketing cooperative's debt ratio and, in many instances, greater than this cost for a comparable proprietary firm.
Local times and Tanaka--Meyer formulae for càdlàg paths
Creators: name: Łochowski, Rafał M.
name: Obłój, Jan
name: Prömel, David J.
name: Siorpaes, Pietro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26A99, 60J60, 60H05

description: Three concepts of local times for deterministic c{à}dl{à}g paths are developed and the corresponding pathwise Tanaka--Meyer formulae are provided. For semimartingales, it is shown that their sample paths a.s. satisfy all three pathwise definitions of local times and that all coincide with the classical semimartingale local time. In particular, this demonstrates that each definition constitutes a legit pathwise counterpart of probabilistic local times. The last pathwise construction presented in the paper expresses local times in terms of normalized numbers of interval crossings and does not depend on the choice of the sequence of grids. This is a new result also for c{à}dl{à}g semimartingales, which may be related to previous results of Nicole El~Karoui and Marc Lemieux.
Doppler tomography of accretion in binaries
Creators: name: Steeghs, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since its conception, Doppler tomography has matured into a versatile and widely used tool. It exploits the information contained in the highly-structured spectral line-profiles typically observed in mass-transferring binaries. Using inversion techniques akin to medical imaging, it permits the reconstruction of Doppler maps that image the accretion flow on micro-arcsecond scales. I summarise the basic concepts behind the technique and highlight two recent results; the use of donor star emission as a means to system parameter determination, and the real-time movies of the evolving accretion flow in the cataclysmic variable WZ Sge during its 2001 outburst. I conclude with future opportunities in Doppler tomography by exploiting the combination of superior data sets, second generation reconstruction codes and simulated theoretical tomograms to delve deeper into the physics of accretion flows.
description: 4 pages, two color figures, to appear in the proceedings of IAU JD9, "Astro-tomography", eds. A.Cameron, A.Schwope and S.Vrielmann, movies available at http://hea-www.harvard.edu/~dsteeghs/wzsge/movies.html
INNOVATIVE MARKETING STRATEGIES IN SOVIET BLOC ECONOMIES
Creators: name: Conley, Dennis M.
name: Bunker, Arvin R.
name: Conley, Dennis M.
name: Bunker, Arvin R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The centralized control over the economic system and the handling of exports and imports through state controlled monopolies makes trading with centrally planned economies (CPE) different than trading with most other developed and some less developed countries. Many trade enhancement or restrictive devices used in free market economies, such as tariffs and duties, health, safety and packaging regulations, quantitative restraints, special fees and credits, and domestic production or marketing taxes or subsidies are often of little concern or consequence when dealing with CPE's (Hillman, p. 499). There are, however, a different set of restrictions involving trade with these countries.
Topology of definable Hausdorff limits
Creators: name: Zell, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14P10 (Primary); 03C64 (Secondary)

description: Let $A\sub \R^{n+r}$ be a set definable in an o-minimal expansion $§$ of the real field, $A' \sub \R^r$ be its projection, and assume that the non-empty fibers $A_a \sub \R^n$ are compact for all $a \in A'$ and uniformly bounded, {\em i.e.} all fibers are contained in a ball of fixed radius $B(0,R).$ If $L$ is the Hausdorff limit of a sequence of fibers $A_{a_i},$ we give an upper-bound for the Betti numbers $b_k(L)$ in terms of definable sets explicitly constructed from a fiber $A_a.$ In particular, this allows to establish effective complexity bounds in the semialgebraic case and in the Pfaffian case. In the Pfaffian setting, Gabrielov introduced the {\em relative closure} to construct the o-minimal structure $§_\pfaff$ generated by Pfaffian functions in a way that is adapted to complexity problems. Our results can be used to estimate the Betti numbers of a relative closure $(X,Y)_0$ in the special case where $Y$ is empty.
description: Latex, 23 pages, no figures. v2: Many changes in the exposition and notations in an attempt to be clearer, references added
FACTORS AFFECTING THE RANK AND SALARY OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMISTS: COMMENT AND ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Reichelderfer, Katherine H.
name: Reichelderfer, Katherine H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Labor and Human Capital

description: An analysis by Lee of factors affecting academic agricultural economists is reviewed for missing and/or misspecified variables. A subsequent analysis based on a sample of federally employed agricultural economists Is presented. The regression model indicates variables measuring education, experience and job tenure are the strongest determinants of rank and salary. Individuals' gender proves insignificant in explaining rank and salary of federally employed agricultural economists.
Complete Correlation, Detection loophole and Bell's Theorem
Creators: name: Shafiee, Afshin
name: Golshani, Mehdi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two new formulations of Bell's theorem are given here. First, we consider a definite set of two entangled photons with only two polarization directions, for which Bell's locality assumption is violated for the case of perfect correlation. Then, using a different approach, we prove an efficient Bell-type inequality which is violated by some quantum mechanical predictions, independent of the efficiency factors.
description: 15 pages, 2 tables, no figure. Last version, to appear in Fortschritte der Physik
Two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulation of an accretion flow with radiative cooling in a close binary system
Creators: name: Sato, Jun'ichi
name: Sawada, Keisuke
name: Ohnishi, Naofumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional numerical simulations of an accretion flow in a close binary system are performed by solving the Euler equations with radiative transfer. In the present study, the specific heat ratio is assumed to be constant while radiative cooling effect is included as a non-adiabatic process. The cooling effect of the disc is considered by discharging energy in the vertical directions from the top and bottom surfaces of the disc. We use the flux-limited diffusion approximation to calculate the radiative heat flux values. Our calculations show that a disc structure appears and the spiral shocks are formed on the disc. These features are similar to that observed in the case of an adiabatic gas with a lower specific heat ratio, $γ=1.01$. It is found that when radiative cooling effect is accounted for, the mass of the disc becomes larger than that assuming $γ=5/3$, and smaller than that assuming $γ=1.01$. It is concluded that employing an adiabatic gas with a lower specific heat ratio is almost a valid assumption for simulating accretion disc with radiative cooling effect.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for NMRAS
What is easier to understand, mechanisms or results of linguistic changes?
Creators: name: Haspelmath, Martin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: This is the handout of a presentation given at a workshop on reanalysis at HU Berlin, organized by Richard Waltereit (Humboldt-University Berlin), Ulrich Detges (LMU Munich), Esme Winter-Froemel (Trier), Anne Wolfsgruber (Humboldt-University Berlin).
Aipysurus Lacepede 1804
Creators: name: Rasmussen, Arne Redsted
name: Sanders, Kate Laura
name: Guinea, Michael L.
name: Amey, Andrew P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Elapidae
Aipysurus

description: A key to the genus Aipysurus in Australia
1.
 A At least 180 ventral scales......................................................................... A. tenuis B Less than 180 ventral scales............................................................................ 2. 2.
A Ventrals with a deep notch in the posterior border (Fig.5 top).................................................. 3. B Ventrals without or with only a slight median notch on the posterior border (Fig.5 bottom)........................... 4. 3.
 A Less than 19 scale rows around midbody and without prefrontal scales (Fig.6 left)..................... A. apraefrontalis B At least 19 scale rows around midbody and with prefrontal scales (Fig.6 right).......................... A. foliosquama 4.
 A All head shields symmetrical and no supralabials divided horizontally (Fig.7 left).......................... A. mosaicus B Head shields more or less broken up and some of the supralabials divided horizontally (Fig.7 right)................... 5. 5.
 A All head shields broken up into small irregular scales (fig.8)............................................ A. duboisii B Only some of the head shields broken up, especially parietals.................................................. 6. 6.
 A At least 155 ventrals and less than 21 scale rows around midbody......................................... A. fuscus B Less than 155 ventrals and at least 21 scale rows around midbody................................ A. laevis / pooleorum
description: Published as part of Rasmussen, Arne Redsted, Sanders, Kate Laura, Guinea, Michael L. & Amey, Andrew P., 2014, Sea snakes in Australian waters (Serpentes: subfamilies Hydrophiinae and Laticaudinae) - a review with an updated identification key, pp. 351-371 in Zootaxa 3869 (4) on pages 359-362, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3869.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4947280
What causes the ultraviolet extinction bump at the cosmic dawn?
Creators: name: Li, Qi
name: Yang, Xuejuan
name: Li, Aigen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The enigmatic ultraviolet (UV) extinction bump at 2175 Angstrom, the strongest spectroscopic absorption feature superimposed on the interstellar extinction curve, has recently been detected at the cosmic dawn by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) in JADES-GS-z6-0, a distant galaxy at redshift z=6.71, corresponding to a cosmic age of just 800 million years after the Big Bang. Although small graphite grains have historically long been suggested as the carrier of the 2175 Angstrom extinction bump and graphite grains are expected to have already been pervasive in the early Universe, in this work we demonstrate that small graphite grains are not responsible for the UV extinction bump seen at the cosmic dawn in JADES-GS-z6-0, as the extinction bump arising from small graphite grains is too broad and peaks at wavelengths that are too short to be consistent with what is seen in JADES-GS-z6-0.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures; published in MNRAS Letters, vol. 535, L58--L62 (2024)