cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Low-Conductivity Doped Layers for Improved Performance of Thin Film Silicon Solar Cells on Highly Textured Substrates
Creators: name: Despeisse, M.
name: Boccard, M.
name: Bugnon, G.
name: Cuony, P.
name: Söderström, T.
name: Parascandolo, G.
name: Stuckelberger, M.
name: Charrière, M.
name: Löfgren, L.
name: Battaglia, C.
name: Hänni, S.
name: Billet, A.
name: Ding, L.
name: Nicolay, S.
name: Sculati-Meillaud, F.
name: Wyrsch, N.
name: Ballif, C.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2793-2797
description: The performances of thin film silicon solar cells are reported for the use of increasingly rough zinc-oxide
(ZnO) front electrodes. Experimental results show that textured substrates favor increased light trapping but also the
local creation of undesired current drains, degrading the electrical performance of the cells. While an appropriate plasma
treatment of the ZnO surface and a high silicon material quality are required to decrease the density of such current
drains, doped nano-crystalline silicon oxide layers are proposed to limit the impact of these local non-uniformities onto
the performance of both hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) and microcrystalline silicon (μc-Si:H) junctions. The
possible physical roles of such low-conductivity doped layers are discussed. Conversion efficiency relative increase of 7
% for a-Si:H single junction and of 4 % to 20 % for respectively low (0.3 nm/s) and high deposition rate (1 nm/s) i-layer
in μc-Si:H junctions deposited on highly textured substrates are shown. Micromorph solar cells integrating such doped
silicon oxide layers could be developed on rough ZnO front electrodes with a high light trapping potential with up to
13.7 % and 11.5 % initial and stabilized efficiency, respectively.
Light-Trapping for Very Thin a-Si:H/μc-Si:H Solar Cells
Creators: name: Gordijn, A.
name: Bittkau, K.
name: Bunte, E.
name: Haase, C.
name: Hüpkes, J.
name: Kirchhoff, J.
name: Schicho, S.
name: Schulte, M.
name: Zhu, H.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2798-2801
description: With decreasing absorber layer thickness, the efficiency of a-Si:H/μc-Si:H tandem solar cells
decreases due to the decreased a lower absorption. Nevertheless, such thin devices have considerable advantages
regarding production costs, electrical properties and stability. In order to improve the generated photo-current of such
thin tandem cells, the surface morphology should be optimized for that specific case. In order to tap this potential, a
variation of the standard texture-etched ZnO:Al front contact with much smaller feature sizes is applied in thin
tandem cells, which leads to a considerable improvement in photo-current. An a-Si:H/μc-Si tandem cell with a total
silicon thickness of only 600 nm (for which the deposition time of the absorber layers is 22 minutes in total) on a
high rate texture-etched ZnO:Al (with a deposition time of only 2 minutes) was obtained with an initial efficiency of
9.4%.
Interstellar Hydrides
Creators: name: Gerin, Maryvonne
name: Neufeld, David A.
name: Goicoechea, Javier R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interstellar hydrides -- that is, molecules containing a single heavy element atom with one or more hydrogen atoms -- were among the first molecules detected outside the solar system. They lie at the root of interstellar chemistry, being among the first species to form in initially-atomic gas, along with molecular hydrogen and its associated ions. Because the chemical pathways leading to the formation of interstellar hydrides are relatively simple, the analysis of the observed abundances is relatively straightforward and provides key information about the environments where hydrides are found. Recent years have seen rapid progress in our understanding of interstellar hydrides, thanks largely to far-IR and submillimeter observations performed with the Herschel Space Observatory. In this review, we will discuss observations of interstellar hydrides, along with the advanced modeling approaches that have been used to interpret them, and the unique information that has thereby been obtained.
description: Accepted for publication in Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 2016, Vol. 54
Deposition of Microcrystalline Silicon Thin Film Solar Cells in a Single Chamber System: Completely High Pressure Technique
Creators: name: Zhang, X.
name: Wang, G.
name: Zheng, X.
name: Yue, Q.
name: Lin, Q.
name: Xu, S.
name: Wei, C.
name: Sun, J.
name: Geng, X.
name: Xiong, S.
name: Zhao, Y.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2802-2806
description: In this article, we firstly present a study of each layer of the microcrystalline silicon (μc-Si:H ) thin film solar
cells prepared in a single chamber by very high frequency-plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (VHF-PECVD). The
boron-doped microcrystalline silicon (μc-Si:H) films, the intrinsic μc-Si:H films and n-type a-Si films were all deposited at
high deposition pressure (1.5 to 2.5Torr). And each layer of the solar cells was deposited at the same electrode distance. The
electrical, structural and optical properties of the films were investigated. The dark conductivity as high as 2.75S/cm of ptype
μc-Si:H prepared has been achieved at a deposition rate of 1.75Å/s for 25nm thin film. Intrinsic μc-Si:H films with low
defect densities were deposited. Through controlling boron and phosphors contamination the single junction μc-Si:H solar
cell with 7.62% conversion efficiency (1.0cm2) has been fabricated in a single chamber by VHF-PECVD. Through the
optimization of bottom solar cells thickness and application of ZnO/Al back reflector, 10.59% high initial conversion
efficiency of micromorph tandem solar cell (1.027cm2) , which bottom solar cell was deposited in a single chamber, with an
open circuit voltage of 1.3864V has been fabricated. Micromorph module with 91.5cm2 effective area also shows 9.53% high
initial conversion efficiency.
Out West: Brentford, Chiswick and the Growth of Greater London 1894-1927
Creators: name: Logan, Tracey
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Greater London’s late-Victorian / Edwardian development is usually chronicled from the perspective of its centre, London, looking out. But what if we look, instead, at the conurbation’s development from the perspective of its outer ring, where the most rapid population growth and change occurred from the 1880s? How did regional realignments and zoning occur here decades before Patrick Abercrombie’s 1944 Greater London Plan? And what was it like, for two small districts abutting or near the capital’s border to experience life in the path of an oncoming metropolis? ‘Out West’ answers these questions through a novel statistical methodology, taking increasing candidacies for local elections as a potential sign of community concerns over Greater London’s advancing presence. It finds that in west Middlesex, between 1894 and 1927, the conurbation’s development was neither chaotic nor centrally directed. Rather it occurred piecemeal, district-by-district, contingent upon the resolution of diverse local versus central conflicts generated not by central government, but largely through the locally felt challenges of a revolution in public and private transport technologies. Brentford and Chiswick, two riverine neighbours on the London to Bath road, experienced Greater London’s growth differently. Attempts by commercial interests, influential pressure groups, even dominant neighbours, to undermine these districts’ local jurisdictions were more or less successful depending on Brentford’s and Chiswick’s district wealth and experience of local government. This was especially true during a pre-war decade of local government austerity whose impact on small town governance has not previously been explored. This thesis demonstrates that the post-war rationalisation of Greater London’s government in west Middlesex occurred voluntarily, through power struggles between rival authorities, contributing new insights into the dynamic development of what H J Dyos once described as a constitutionally undifferentiated ‘continent of suburbia.’
Oerlikon Solar’s Key Performance Drivers to Grid Parity
Creators: name: Kratzla, T.
name: Zindel, A.
name: Benz, R.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Manufacturing Issues and Processing

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2807-2810
description: Oerlikon Solar’s next generation fab, THINFAB, will enable total module production costs of
0.5 €/Wp and a 120 MWp output capacity. The key performance drivers to make solar power economically
viable are module efficiency, high productivity of the manufacturing line and low module material costs. This
paper highlights the major technical achievements Oerlikon Solar has made to reduce cost of ownership.
Recent champion modules on full scale with over 11 % initial efficiency and the world record stable cell
efficiency for Micromorph® of over 11.8 % form the foundation for 10 % efficiency in average production. In
less than 3 years since the market introduction of Oerlikon Solar’s Micromorph® technology the productivity of
an Oerlikon Solar fab has been increased by more than 100 % which helps to significantly drive down the capex
per Wp. The continuous optimization of module design and qualification of new materials drives down costs and
increases the manufacturing robustness by simplifying the production steps. Examples of unique equipment and
module features which support the cost and technology leadership of Oerlikon Solar’s thin film silicon
technology will be discussed.
Thermodynamic Screening of Metal-Substituted MOFs for Carbon Capture
Creators: name: Koh, Hyun Seung
name: Rana, Malay Kumar
name: Hwang, Jinhyung
name: Siegel, Donald J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as promising materials for carbon capture applications due to their high CO2 capacities and tunable properties. Amongst the many possible MOFs, metal-substituted compounds based on M-DOBDC and M-HKUST-1 have demonstrated amongst the highest CO2 capacities at the low pressures typical of flue gasses. Here we explore the possibility for additional performance tuning of these compounds by computationally screening 36 metal-substituted variants (M = Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, W, Sn, and Pb) with respect to their CO2 adsorption enthalpy, $Δ$H (T=300K). Supercell calculations based on van der Waals density functional theory (vdW-DF) yield enthalpies in good agreement with experimental measurements, out-performing semi-empirical (DFT-D2) and conventional (LDA and GGA) functionals. Our screening identifies 13 compounds having $Δ$H values within the targeted thermodynamic window 40 $\leq$ $Δ$H $\leq$ 75 kJ/mol: 8 are based on M-DODBC (M=Mg, Ca, Sr, Sc, Ti, V, Mo, and W), and 5 on M-HKUST-1 (M= Be, Mg, Ca, Sr and Sc). Variations in the electronic structure and the geometry of the structural building unit are examined and used to rationalize trends in CO2 affinity. In particular, the partial charge on the coordinatively unsaturated metal sites is found to correlate with $Δ$H, suggesting that this property may be used as a simple performance descriptor. The ability to rapidly distinguish promising MOFs from those that are "thermodynamic dead-ends" will be helpful in guiding synthesis efforts towards promising compounds.
Photovoltaics in France - an Emerging Market
Creators: name: Fröding, V.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: PV Deployment
Markets for PV Systems

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 4438-4442
description: After a slow start, French PV market has strongly grown since the 2006 feed-in tariff. Today, with 135 MW, France is ranked
4th in Europe in terms of connected power. The following shall give an overview over the main constraints, procedures and
administrative approvals necessary to set up a photovoltaic installation in France (energy law aspects, town planning
authorizations and the securing of land rights) as well as the French promotion scheme for PV installations, notably EDF's
statutory obligation to purchase power generated by renewable energy sources and the two different feed-in tariffs applicable
to ground-installed and building-integrated PV projects. Furthermore, French reform plans within the "Grenelle
Environnement" (French version of "Green New Deal") with a special focus on the new feed-in tariff system are exposed.
The Environment of z >1 3CR Radio Galaxies and QSOs: From Proto-Clusters to Clusters of Galaxies?
Creators: name: Kotyla, John Paul
name: Chiaberge, Marco
name: Baum, Stefi A.
name: Capetti, Alessandro
name: Hilbert, Bryan
name: Macchetto, F. Duccio
name: Miley, George K.
name: O'Dea, Christopher P.
name: Perlman, Eric S.
name: Sparks, William B.
name: Tremblay, Grant. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the cluster environment for a sample of 21 radio loud AGN from the 3CR catalog at z>1, 12 radio galaxies and 9 quasars with HST images in the optical and IR. We use two different approaches to determine cluster candidates. We identify the early type galaxies (ETGs) in every field by modeling each of the sources within a 40" radius of the targets with a Sersic profile. Using a simple passive evolution model, we derive the expected location of the ETGs on the red sequence (RS) in the color-magnitude diagram for each of the fields of our sources. For seven targets, the model coincides with the position of the ETGs. A second approach involves a search for over densities. We compare the object densities of the sample as a whole and individually against control fields taken from the GOODS-S region of 3D-HST survey. With this method we determine the fields of 10 targets to be cluster candidates. Four cluster candidates are found by both methods. The two methods disagree in some cases, depending on the specific properties of each field. For the most distant radio galaxy in the 3CR catalog (3C257 at z = 2.47), we identify a population of bluer ETGs that lie on the expected location of the RS model for that redshift. This appears to be the general behavior of ETGs in our fields and it is possibly a signature of the evolution of such galaxies. Our results are consistent with half of the z > 1 radio galaxies being located in dense, rapidly evolving environments.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Phloeophila dasyglossa Pridgeon & Chase 2001
Creators: name: Chiron, Guy R.
name: Karremans, Adam P.
name: Berg, Cassio Van Den
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Orchidaceae
Phloeophila
Phloeophila dasyglossa

description: Phloeophila dasyglossa (Luer & R.Escobar) Pridgeon & Chase (2001: 254)
 Basionym: Cryptophoranthus dasyglossus Luer & Escobar (1981: 116).
description: Published as part of Chiron, Guy R., Karremans, Adam P. & Berg, Cassio Van Den, 2016, Nomenclatural notes in the Pleurothallidinae (Orchidaceae): Phloeophila, pp. 56-62 in Phytotaxa 270 (1) on page 60, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.270.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/13649875
Il trasporto aereo delle merci: recenti evoluzioni, scenari geografici e ruolo di Malpensa
Creators: name: Tadini, Marcello
Publisher: name: Bollettino della Società Geografica Italiana
Year: 2020

description: This work is part of the typical research field of transport geography. In particular, this paper focuses on air freight because it is a modal choice in strong growth over the past four decades. Moreover, air cargo is the indicator of a rapidly changing economic system and, not least, it is an area of considerable interest for geography, although not very discussed. From the methodological point of view, in the first part the analysis highlights the characteristics of the so-called “air cargo”. Besides it is underlined its growing importance through a dynamic reading of the strong link between this mode of transport and the transformation of production systems and of distribution processes on a global scale. In the second part, the air cargo recent dynamics’ analysis enables to describe the global flows scenario and to highlight the most important regions today together with the European market configuration. The ultimate goal of the work is to outline the distinctive features that have characterized the development of air cargo traffic in Italy and especially in the Malpensa airport catchment area, in order to understand its strategic choices and its future potential.
description: Bollettino della Società Geografica Italiana, Series 14 Vol 2 No 2 (2019)
Nilpotent Symmetries of a Modified Massive Abelian 3-Form Theory: Augmented Superfield Approach
Creators: name: Rao, A. K.
name: Malik, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the off-shell nilpotent and absolutely anticommuting (anti-)BRST symmetry transformations for any arbitrary D-dimensional St$\ddot u$ckelberg-modified massive Abelian 3-form theory within the framework of augmented version of superfield approach (AVSA) to Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin (BRST) formalism where, in addition to the horizontality condition (HC), we exploit the theoretical strength of the gauge invariant restriction (GIR) to deduce the proper transformations for the gauge, associated (anti-)ghost fields, auxiliary fields, St$\ddot u$ckelberg compensating field, etc. In fact, it is an elegant and delicate combination of HC and GIR (within the ambit of AVSA) that is crucial for all our discussions and derivations. One of the highlights of our present endeavor is the deduction of a new set of (anti-)BRST invariant Curci-Ferrari (CF)-type restrictions which are not found in the massless version of our present theory where only the HC plays an important role in the derivation of all the (anti-)BRST transformations and a very specific set of CF-type restrictions. The alternative ways of the derivation of the full set of the latter, from various theoretical considerations, are also interesting results of our present investigation.
description: LaTeX file, 40 pages, one figure, journal version
Effects of Irradiance Distribution Unevenness on the Ohmic Losses of CPV Receivers
Creators: name: Vincenzi, D.
name: Stefancich, M.
name: Baricordi, S.
name: Pasquini, M.
name: Gualdi, F.
name: Martinelli, G.
name: Parretta, A.
name: Antonini, A.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Terrestrial Concentrator Systems

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 725-728
description: Concentrating photovoltaic (CPV) systems use solar collectors to focus the incoming solar radiation
onto PV receivers equipped with small area solar cells. The irradiance profile at the PV receiver plane is strongly
dependent on the concentrator architecture and has deep influence on the performances of the solar cells. In this
work we will describe an approach matching ray-tracing simulations and circuit analysis to assess the ohmic losses of
the PV receiver operating under uneven illumination.
In this investigation we considered three types of solar concentrator optics (Fresnel lens, parabolic mirror and
freeform mirror) having different flux distribution in the focal region. The optical simulations have been carried out
taking into account the real radial distribution (sunshape) of the incident solar energy. The irradiance profile at the
PV cells plane has then been used as a map for the photo-generated current to be collected and drawn from the
devices. The cells have been binned into a grid of generators connected between them by a resistive network
simulating the metal contacts and the semiconductor layers. The current-voltage characteristics of real solar cells has
been measured and modeled by an array of diodes connected in parallel to each generator. The nonlinear circuit has
been solved by a simulation program with integrated circuit emphasis (SPICE).
Beamforming Tradeoffs for Initial UE Discovery in Millimeter-Wave MIMO Systems
Creators: name: Raghavan, Vasanthan
name: Cezanne, Juergen
name: Subramanian, Sundar
name: Sampath, Ashwin
name: Koymen, Ozge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Millimeter-wave MIMO systems have gained increasing traction towards the goal of meeting the high data-rate requirements in next-generation wireless systems. The focus of this work is on low-complexity beamforming approaches for initial UE discovery in such systems. Towards this goal, we first note the structure of the optimal beamformer with per-antenna gain and phase control and the structure of good beamformers with per-antenna phase-only control. Learning these beamforming structures in mmW systems is fraught with considerable complexities such as the need for a non-broadcast system design, the sensitivity of the beamformer approximants to small path length changes, etc. To overcome these issues, we establish a physical interpretation between these beamformer structures and the angles of departure/arrival of the dominant path(s). This physical interpretation provides a theoretical underpinning to the emerging interest on directional beamforming approaches that are less sensitive to small path length changes. While classical approaches for direction learning such as MUSIC have been well-understood, they suffer from many practical difficulties in a mmW context such as a non-broadcast system design and high computational complexity. A simpler broadcast solution for mmW systems is the adaptation of directional codebooks for beamforming at the two ends. We establish fundamental limits for the best beam broadening codebooks and propose a construction motivated by a virtual subarray architecture that is within a couple of dB of the best tradeoff curve at all useful beam broadening factors. We finally provide the received SNR loss-UE discovery latency tradeoff with the proposed constructions. Our results show that users with a reasonable link margin can be quickly discovered by the proposed design with a smooth roll-off in performance as the link margin deteriorates.
description: 36 pages, 19 figures, 1 table, Accepted for publication for the Special issue call on signal processing for millimeter wave systems, JSTSP
Automatic generation of complementary auxiliary basis sets (CABS) for explicitly correlated methods
Creators: name: Semidalas, Emmanouil
name: Martin, Jan M. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Explicitly correlated calculations, aside from the orbital basis set, typically require three auxiliary basis sets: JK (Coulomb-exchange fitting), RI-MP2 (resolution of the identity MP2), and CABS (complementary auxiliary basis set). If unavailable for the orbital basis set and chemical elements of interest, the first two can be auto-generated on the fly using existing algorithms, but not the third. In this paper, we present a quite simple algorithm named autoCABS; a Python implementation under a free software license is offered at Github. For the cc-pVnZ-F12 (n=D,T,Q,5) and the W4-08 thermochemical benchmark, we demonstrate that autoCABS-generated CABS basis sets are comparable in quality to purpose-optimized OptRI basis sets from the literature, and that the quality difference becomes entirely negligible as n increases.
description: 18 pages; new section on harmonic frequencies added
Deployment of Inverted Metamorphic Multijunction Solar Cells in Concentrating PV Systems
Creators: name: Newman, F.
name: Chumney, D.
name: Patel, P.
name: Hoffman, R.
name: Varghese, T.
name: Aiken, D.
name: Stan, M.
name: Sharps, P.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Terrestrial Concentrator Systems

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 729-732
description: Stable performance has been observed for prototype 1 cm2 inverted metamorphic multijunction (IMM)
solar cells (InGaP/InGaAs/InGaAs architecture) measured outdoors under continuous concentrated sunlight at
geometric concentration ratios of 520 and 1090. Devices were permanently mounted to a conductive carrier material
allowing front and backside contacts and subsequently integrated into optical subassemblies on passive heat sinks of
design identical to those used for reference concentrator triple-junction (CTJ) cells (InGaP/InGaAs/Ge architecture).
For the IMM device measured on-sun an increase in Voc of greater than 400 mV has been obtained. No degradation
of bare solar cells has been observed following 750 thermal cycles from –40ºC to +110ºC, or after 5 months of
exposure to concentrated sunlight. These results represent promising positive indicators of mechanical and electrical
stability of IMM devices in this configuration.
Distance Education in Chemistry during the Epidemic Covid-19
Creators: name: Domenici, Valentina
Publisher: name: Substantia
Year: 2020

description: During the epidemic Covid-19, in most of the countries schools of all grades and univesities had to face a long period of closure without interrupting the educational mission. Distance education, which has been introduced first in UK in the Nineteen century as “correspondence learning” and then in USA and Australia, with the institution of “Open Universities” (i.e. MOOC and e-learning platforms), became the only way to guarantee the continuity in teaching during the pandemic Covid-19. The present contribution is a short overview of the literature about limits and advantages of distance education of chemistry, in particular at high school and university levels, with a focus on the experiences and peculiarities of the distance education in the period of the Covid-19 emergency.
description: Substantia, Vol 4 No 1 Suppl. 1 (2020) - Open Stream on Covid-19 Emergency
The Role of the Hadron-Quark Phase Transition in Core-Collapse Supernovae
Creators: name: Jakobus, Pia
name: Mueller, Bernhard
name: Heger, Alexander
name: Motornenko, Anton
name: Steinheimer, Jan
name: Stoecker, Horst
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hadron-quark phase transition in quantum chromodyanmics has been suggested as an alternative explosion mechanism for core-collapse supernovae. We study the impact of three different hadron-quark equations of state (EoS) with first-order (DD2F\_SF, STOS-B145) and second-order (CMF) phase transitions on supernova dynamics by performing 97 simulations for solar- and zero-metallicity progenitors in the range of $14\texttt{-}100\,\text{M}_\odot$. We find explosions only for two low-compactness models ($14 \text{M}_\odot$ and $16\,\text{M}_\odot$) with the DD2F\_SF EoS, both with low explosion energies of $\mathord{\sim}10^{50}\,\mathrm{erg}$. These weak explosions are characterised by a neutrino signal with several mini-bursts in the explosion phase due to complex reverse shock dynamics, in addition to the typical second neutrino burst for phase-transition driven explosions. The nucleosynthesis shows significant overproduction of nuclei such as $^{90}\mathrm{Zr}$ for the $14\,\text{M}_\odot$ zero-metallicity model and $^{94}\mathrm{Zr}$ for the $16\,\text{M}_\odot$ solar-metallicity model, but the overproduction factors are not large enough to place constraints on the occurrence of such explosions. Several other low-compactness models using the DD2F\_SF EoS and two high-compactness models using the STOS EoS end up as failed explosions and emit a second neutrino burst. For the CMF EoS, the phase transition never leads to a second bounce and explosion. For all three EoS, inverted convection occurs deep in the core of the proto-compact star due to anomalous behaviour of thermodynamic derivatives in the mixed phase, which heats the core to entropies up to $4k_\text{B}/\text{baryon}$ and may have a distinctive gravitational wave signature, also for a second-order phase transition.
On Dependence of the Multijunction InGaP/GaAs/Ge, InGaP/GaAs Solar Cell Efficiency on the Sunlight Concentration
Creators: name: Kalinovsky, V.S.
name: Evstropov, V.V.
name: Lantratov, V.M.
name: Mintairov, M.A.
name: Pokrovskiy, P.V.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Terrestrial Concentrator Systems

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 733-739
description: Correlation between two main characteristics of multijunction (MJ) solar cells (SC) and their segment
character have been studied theoretically and experimentally: the dark voltage – current characteristic and the
characteristic corresponding to it: efficiency – concentration ratio, ( ) g  − C  J . The characteristics have been
investigated in two steps. At the first step, an idealization has been done, which did not take into account of tunnel
p++ - n++ junctions, series resistance of the structure, and other elements. The idealized characteristics have the shape
of an uninterrupted function comprised of specific segments. For each segment, an analytical formula expressing the
generated current through the efficiency has been derived. The formula derivation has been done at the condition of
generated current matching (equality of generated currents in photovoltaic junctions of a MJSC). The analytical
( ) characteristic segment is set by the same two parameters (preexponential factor J g  − C  J
0 and diode
coefficient A) as of the corresponding dark V - J characteristic segment. Therefore, the performance connectorless
characteristic is unambiguously associated with the initial connectorless dark V - J characteristic. At the
second step, the effect of the MJSC connecting part has been taken into account, which was simulated by selected
ohmic resistance. The connectorless characteristic have been calculated and plotted segment by
segment. A good fit between the rated and experimental dependencies have been obtained for dualjunction
InGaP/GaAs SCs. A acceptable fit between the calculated and experimental data has been obtained for
triple-junction InGaP/GaAs/Ge SCs, in spite of there is no generated current matching.
Experimental overview on quarkonium production
Creators: name: Arnaldi, Roberta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quarkonium production in heavy-ion collisions is a well-known signature of the formation of a plasma of quarks and gluons (QGP). After thirty years from the first measurements at SPS energies, a large wealth of results is now accessible from high-energy experiments at RHIC and LHC, and these new data are contributing to sharpen the picture of the quarkonium behaviour in A-A collisions. In this paper, an overview of the main results on both charmonium and bottomonium production in p-A and A-A collisions is presented, focussing on the most recent achievements from the RHIC and LHC experiments.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, proceeding of Quark Matter 2015, Kobe, Japan
Phloeophila nummularia Garay
Creators: name: Chiron, Guy R.
name: Karremans, Adam P.
name: Berg, Cassio Van Den
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Orchidaceae
Phloeophila
Phloeophila nummularia

description: Phloeophila nummularia (Rchb.f.) Garay
 Basionym: Pleurothallis nummularia Reichenbach (1865: 276).
description: Published as part of Chiron, Guy R., Karremans, Adam P. & Berg, Cassio Van Den, 2016, Nomenclatural notes in the Pleurothallidinae (Orchidaceae): Phloeophila, pp. 56-62 in Phytotaxa 270 (1) on page 60, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.270.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/13649875
Sparse-Dense Motion Modelling and Tracking for Manipulation without Prior Object Models
Creators: name: Rauch, Christian
name: Long, Ran
name: Ivan, Vladimir
name: Vijayakumar, Sethu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This work presents an approach for modelling and tracking previously unseen objects for robotic grasping tasks. Using the motion of objects in a scene, our approach segments rigid entities from the scene and continuously tracks them to create a dense and sparse model of the object and the environment. While the dense tracking enables interaction with these models, the sparse tracking makes this robust against fast movements and allows to redetect already modelled objects. The evaluation on a dual-arm grasping task demonstrates that our approach 1) enables a robot to detect new objects online without a prior model and to grasp these objects using only a simple parameterisable geometric representation, and 2) is much more robust compared to the state of the art methods.
description: IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters (RA-L) 2022
Measurement of Laterally Induced Optical Forces at the Nanoscale
Creators: name: Huang, Fei
name: Tamma, Venkata Ananth
name: Wickramasinghe, Hemanta Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the measurement of laterally induced optical forces using an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). The lateral electric field distribution between a gold coated AFM probe and a nano-aperture in a gold film is mapped by measuring the lateral optical force between the apex of the AFM probe and the nano-aperture. Torsional eigenmodes of an AFM cantilever probe were used to detect the laterally induced optical forces. We engineered the cantilever shape using a focused ion beam to enhance the torsional eigenmode resonance. The measured lateral optical force agrees well with simulations. This technique can be extended to simultaneously detect both lateral and longitudinal optical forces at the nanoscale by using an AFM cantilever as a multichannel detector. This will enable simultaneous Photon Induced Force Microscopy (PIFM) detection of molecular responses with different incident field polarizations. The technique can be implemented on both cantilever and tuning fork based AFMs.
description: First Draft, 6 pages, 4 figures
title: What you see is what you eat
Creators: name: Bajandouh, Yasmene
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2024

description: Over the last decades, the definition of self-control has been a matter of debate. Self-control failure has been traditionally understood as deficits in inhibitory control (Baumeister, 1994). While, in recent years, some researchers have defined self-control as the process of resolving conflict between two competing goals (Inzlicht et al., 2021). However, there has been limited research on conflict identification, that is, in order to activate self-control, one must first identify a self-control conflict, defined by an incompatibility between temptations (e.g., eating highcaloric yet delicious food) and long-term goals (e.g., eating healthily) (Myrseth & Fishbach, 2009). We hypothesized that problems to identify conflict impair self-control. Firstly, we examined whether unhealthy eating norms affected peoples’ conflict identification. We found that social norms caused people to perceive desired unhealthy food as healthier. This perception was associated with an increase in the intentions to purchase unhealthy food. Additionally, in the presence of unhealthy eating norms, health commitment (i.e., the importance and ease of eating healthily) was associated with an unhealthier perception of unhealthy food, less desire and fewer purchase intentions. While there were significant effects of social norms on conflict identification, the findings were inconsistent across the studies. Secondly, we developed a new Categorisation task to measure conflict identification. We explored the role of goal saliency on peoples’ abilities to identify conflict between temptations and long-term goals. We found that dieters and people with problematic self-control showed more conflict identification when goals were salient. This research contributes to the improvement in the understanding of self-control by integrating individual differences and social components in studying conflict identification.
Evaluation Equipment for Secondary Lens of CPV
Creators: name: Moriwaki, S.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Terrestrial Concentrator Systems

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 753-754
description: The concentrator photovoltaic system using single-crystal compound solar cells (-V semiconductors) is one of the
state-of-the-art photovoltaic power generation systems. Isuzu Glass manufactures the secondary lens for this CPV
system. We are determining the configuration and appearance of the secondary lens and have endeavored to develop
the device for evaluating the lens in order to check to see in advance if it can be used without problems in the
system.
Numerical analysis of quantum circuits for state preparation and unitary operator synthesis
Creators: name: Ashhab, Sahel
name: Yamamoto, Naoki
name: Yoshihara, Fumiki
name: Semba, Kouichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform optimal-control-theory calculations to determine the minimum number of two-qubit CNOT gates needed to perform quantum state preparation and unitary operator synthesis for few-qubit systems. By considering all possible gate configurations, we determine the maximum achievable fidelity as a function of quantum circuit size. This information allows us to identify the minimum circuit size needed for a specific target operation and enumerate the different gate configurations that allow a perfect implementation of the operation. We find that there are a large number of configurations that all produce the desired result, even at the minimum number of gates. We also show that the number of entangling gates can be reduced if we use multi-qubit entangling gates instead of two-qubit CNOT gates, as one might expect based on parameter counting calculations. In addition to treating the general case of arbitrary target states or unitary operators, we apply the numerical approach to the special case of synthesizing the multi-qubit Toffoli gate. This approach can be used to investigate any other specific few-qubit task and provides insight into the tightness of different bounds in the literature.
description: 12 pages (two-column), 7 figures
Emitter Optimization on a-Si:H/c-Si Heterojunction Solar Cells for Isotextured Wafers
Creators: name: Schüttauf, J.W.A.
name: Komatsu, Y.
name: Geerligs, L.J.
name: Mai, Y.
name: Bink, A.
name: Spee, D.A.
name: Schropp, R.E.I.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Cells and Materials, Processing Technology of

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 1586-1589
description: In this work we report on the emitter optimization on isotextured n-type FZ c-Si wafers for a-Si:H/c-Si heterojunction solar cells. At ECN, three different types of isotexturing have been developed. From lifetime measurements performed on passivated isotextured wafers, it was concluded that two of the three types of texturing are compatible with our silicon heterojunction process. The next step was to optimize the heterojunction emitter on the isotextured wafers. The emitter structure, consisting of a thin intrinsic layer and a p-layer has been deposited in a medium sized area (30 cm x 40 cm) PILOT reactor by means of 13.56 MHz RF PECVD. As a p-layer, we found that an a-Si:H p-layer with a thickness of around 20 nm gave the best results. Finally, we performed a thickness series of an already optimized i-layer for the isotextured wafers. We found that the optimal i-layer thickness on these isotextured wafers (10 nm) is higher than on flat polished wafers (7 nm). The newly optimized structure finally led to an efficiency of 16.4% with a VOC of 623 mV, a JSC of 34.2 mA/cm2 and a FF of 77%. An important next step in our research will be to extend the results shown in this paper to isotextured mc-Si wafers.
Stochastic thermodynamics for active matter
Creators: name: Speck, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The theoretical understanding of active matter, which is driven out of equilibrium by directed motion, is still fragmental and model oriented. Stochastic thermodynamics, on the other hand, is a comprehensive theoretical framework for driven systems that allows to define fluctuating work and heat. We apply these definitions to active matter, assuming that dissipation can be modelled by effective non-conservative forces. We show that, through the work, conjugate extensive and intensive observables can be defined even in non-equilibrium steady states lacking a free energy. As an illustration, we derive the expressions for the pressure and interfacial tension of active Brownian particles. The latter becomes negative despite the observed stable phase separation. We discuss this apparent contradiction, highlighting the role of fluctuations, and we offer a tentative explanation.
Understanding the genetic basis of disease endotypes in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Creators: name: Kraven, Luke M.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a rare, incurable disease of unknown cause characterised by progressive scarring of the lungs. The prognosis of IPF is poor with a median survival time of approximately 4 years and current treatment options are limited. The aim of the analyses in this thesis was to utilise genomic and transcriptomic data to improve the understanding of the pathogenesis of IPF, which could aid drug development and lead to improvements in treatments. This thesis describes the first genetic analyses of the age at which IPF is first developed. First, genome-wide association studies were performed to identify common genetic variants that are associated with the age-of-onset of IPF. Following this, gene-based collapsing analyses were performed to investigate the role of rare genetic variation in the age-of-onset of IPF. These analyses highlighted some suggestively significant genes of potential interest as well as some important factors to consider when studying this phenotype. A series of transcriptomic analyses were conducted to identify groups of IPF patients that could represent endotypes of the disease. New bioinformatics methods were utilised in these analyses to combine and cluster multiple datasets. This approach allowed for the largest transcriptomic cluster analysis in IPF to-date to be performed, which revealed three distinct groups of patients with IPF. These findings were consistent with the theory of multiple endotypes of IPF; significant differences in lung function and survival were found between clusters and gene enrichment analysis implicated metabolic changes, apoptosis, cell cycle and the immune system in the development of these potential IPF endotypes. Supervised machine learning was used to develop a gene expression-based classifier with the ability to assign patients with IPF to one of the three clusters. With further development, this classifier could be a useful clinical tool for outcome prediction and patient stratification in IPF.
Phloeophila pelecaniceps Pridgeon & Chase 2001
Creators: name: Chiron, Guy R.
name: Karremans, Adam P.
name: Berg, Cassio Van Den
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Orchidaceae
Phloeophila
Phloeophila pelecaniceps

description: Phloeophila pelecaniceps (Luer) Pridgeon & Chase (2001: 254)
 Basionym: Masdevallia pelecaniceps Luer (1976: 22).
description: Published as part of Chiron, Guy R., Karremans, Adam P. & Berg, Cassio Van Den, 2016, Nomenclatural notes in the Pleurothallidinae (Orchidaceae): Phloeophila, pp. 56-62 in Phytotaxa 270 (1) on page 60, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.270.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/13649875
Possible Impact of Systematic Errors in IV-Measurement
Creators: name: Hund, B.
name: Ackermann, N.
name: Hohl-Ebinger, J.
name: Schädel, M.
name: Warta, W.
name: Winter, S.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Cells and Materials, Processing Technology of

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 1682-1686
description: Accuracy in IV-measurement becomes more and more important as the production capacity of individual solar cell manufacturers will shortly exceed 1GWp. Therefore systematic error sources in the magnitude of less than 1% rel. need to be looked at more intensely. Due to reasons of comparability IV measurements shall be carried out according to the standards IEC 60904 at STC. Still these standards do not allow confining measurement conditions sufficiently in order to avoid all variations between different measurement setups. This work investigates established measurement setups with respect to possible systematic error sources being the impact of spectral mismatch and the contacting of the industrially produced solar cells.