cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Higher (Odd) Dimensional Quantum Hall Effect and Extended Dimensional Hierarchy
Creators: name: Hasebe, Kazuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate dimensional ladder of higher dimensional quantum Hall effects by exploiting quantum Hall effects on arbitrary odd dimensional spheres. Non-relativistic and relativistic Landau models are analyzed on $S^{2k-1}$ in the $SO(2k-1)$ monopole background. The total sub-band degeneracy of the odd dimensional lowest Landau level is shown to be equal to the winding number from the base-manifold $S^{2k-1}$ to the one-dimension higher $SO(2k)$ gauge group. Based on the chiral Hopf maps, we clarify the underlying quantum Nambu geometry for odd dimensional quantum Hall effect and the resulting quantum geometry is naturally embedded also in one-dimension higher quantum geometry. An origin of such dimensional ladder connecting even and odd dimensional quantum Hall effects is illuminated from a viewpoint of the spectral flow of Atiyah-Patodi-Singer index theorem in differential topology. We also present a BF topological field theory as an effective field theory in which membranes with different dimensions undergo non-trivial linking in odd dimensional space. Finally, an extended version of the dimensional hierarchy for higher dimensional quantum Hall liquids is proposed, and its relationship to quantum anomaly and D-brane physics is discussed.
description: 1+49 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables, typos corrected
"Know this to be the enemy": desire in the Bhagavad Gītā and environmental destruction
Creators: name: Ahrens, Laura Susann
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2022

description: This thesis examines the correlation between desire in the Bhagavad Gītā and the consumption inherent in present-day environmental destruction. Engaging scholarship in the fields of philosophy of religion, environmental science, psychology, and yoga philosophy alongside my own philology of Sanskrit primary texts, I will argue not only the connection between desire and consumption, but that the Bhagavad Gītā remains perennially pertinent in its application to modern day issues. Specifically, the Bhagavad Gītā is able to offer pivotal advice for the current environmental crisis. Eliminating desire would doubtlessly have far-reaching positive environmental effects. Considering yoga’s worldwide popularity, with millions of yoga practitioners in the United States alone, I assert that the Bhagavad Gītā’s doctrine of desirelessness is evergreen and significantly applicable to environmental issues thousands of years after its authorship.
Simple derivation of the Weyl and Dirac quantum cellular automata
Creators: name: Raynal, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider quantum cellular automata on a body-centred cubic lattice and provide a simple derivation of the only two homogenous, local, isotropic, and unitary two-dimensional automata [G. M. D'Ariano and P. Perinotti, Physical Review A 90, 062106 (2014)]. Our derivation relies on the notion of Gram matrix and emphasises the link between the transition matrices that characterise the automata and the body-centred cubic lattice: The transition matrices essentially are the matrix representation of the vertices of the lattice's primitive cell. As expected, the dynamics of these two automata reduce to the Weyl equation in the limit of small wave vectors and continuous time. We also briefly examine the four-dimensional case where we find two one-parameter families of automata that reduce to the Dirac equation in a suitable limit.
description: v2: corrected typos, rephrasing of misleading sentences, one short proof added. To be published in PRA
Adolescent Cannabis Misuse Scale: Longitudinal Associations with Substance Use, Mental Health, and Social Determinants of Health in Early Adulthood
Creators: name: Meza, Benjamin P. L.
name: Dudovitz, Rebecca N.
name: Cooper, Ziva D.
name: Tucker, Joan S.
name: Wong, Mitchell D.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Some patterns of cannabis use may presage risk for long-term negative effects. We examined associations between a novel adolescent cannabis misuse scale and early-adult life course outcomes. We performed a secondary data analysis of a cohort of Los Angeles, CA high school students from grade 9 through age 21. Participants reported baseline individual demographic and family characteristics at grade 9, adolescent cannabis misuse (8-items) and alcohol misuse (12-items) at grade 10, and outcomes at age 21. We used multivariable regression to model the associations of cannabis misuse scale score with problem substance use (defined as any of: 30-day illegal drug use, 30-day use of another’s prescription to get high, hazardous drinking) and several secondary outcomes (behavioral, mental health, academic, social determinants of health), adjusting for covariates. Parallel analyses were conducted for alcohol misuse. The 1,148 participants (86% retention) were 47% male, 90% Latinx, 87% US born, and 40% native English speakers. Approximately 11.4% and 15.9% of participants reported at least one item on the cannabis and alcohol misuse scales, respectively. At age 21, approximately 6.7% of participants reported problem substance use, which was associated with both Cannabis and Alcohol Misuse Scales (OR 1.31, 95%CI[1.16, 1.49] and OR 1.33, 95%CI[1.18, 1.49], respectively). Both scales were similarly associated with outcomes in all four categories. The Adolescent Cannabis Misuse Scale is a promising tool for identifying early patterns of substance use that predict future negative outcomes and enabling early intervention at a critical period in youth development.
Supplementary Material for G3-2022-403907_R1
Creators: name: Polymenis, Michael
name: Hammer, Staci
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Cell and nuclear division

description: The zipped folder contains the Supplementary Material for G3-2022-403907_R1 (Hammer and Polymenis), and includes the following:
 Reagent Table Figure S1: Source immunoblots for the protein abundances of Figure 3. Figure S2: DNA content profiles of synchronous, elutriated cho2Δ cells. Figure S3: Quantification of histone methylation levels. Figure S4: Source immunoblots for histone methylation levels. Figure S5: Comparison of metabolite levels in haploid wild type cells cultured in different media. Figure S6: Comparison of complex lipid levels in different strains and media. File S1: File with all the loss-of-function phenotypic analyses reported in the literature for genes encoding folate-dependent enzymes and the multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) we performed. File S2: Source data for the graphs in Figures 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, S3, S5. File S3: File with the raw mass spectrometry data for primary metabolites. File S4: File with the raw mass spectrometry data for biogenic amines. File S5: File with the raw mass spectrometry data for complex lipids.
Spectral weight and spatially modulated instabilities in holographic superfluids
Creators: name: Goutéraux, Blaise
name: Martin, Victoria L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Free fermions form a Fermi surface, which results in non-zero spectral weight at low energy and finite wavevector. In this work, we find similar features in holographic phases dual to strongly coupled quantum superfluid matter. At zero temperature, the phases we consider exhibit semi-local criticality in the IR and all the charge is carried by the scalar condensate outside the black hole horizon. Depending on the value taken by the IR critical exponents, we find Fermi surfaces in the transverse sector, Fermi shells in the longitudinal sector or no spectral weight at all. When there is non-zero transverse spectral weight, the IR can be subject to an instability at finite wavevector, the endpoint of which is likely a spatially modulated phase.
description: v2: references added and minor edits, published version
Family History and Alcohol Use Outcomes: Examining Transmission of Risk through Impulsivity and the Moderating Role of Organized Sports Participation
Creators: name: McNamara, Ian A.
name: Soto, Derek
name: Su, Jinni
name: Dick, Danielle M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: College students are at risk for alcohol misuse and those who participate in organized sports are at even higher risk. Family history of alcohol problems (FH) and impulsivity are well-documented risk factors for alcohol use outcomes, but no research has examined the role of organized sports participation in moderating these associations. This study examined the associations between FH, alcohol consumption and alcohol use disorder (AUD) symptoms, the role of UPPS-P (Urgency, Premeditation, Perseverance, Sensation Seeking, Positive Urgency impulsive behavior scale) impulsivity dimensions in mediating the association between FH and alcohol use outcomes, and whether these associations vary by students’ organized sports participation. Participants (N = 3,959, 64.7% female, 51.8% White; Mean age = 18.48 years, SD = .40) were recruited from a large, public university and completed an online survey in the fall and spring semesters of their first year in college. Path analyses were conducted in Mplus. FH was associated with higher levels of alcohol consumption and more AUD symptoms. Lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance, and negative urgency partially mediated the associations between FH and alcohol consumption and AUD symptoms. The association between negative urgency and AUD symptoms was stronger for organized sports participants. Impulsivity dimensions are risk factors for both alcohol consumption and AUD symptoms and serve as important pathways for the transmission of risk between generations. Prevention and intervention efforts aimed at reducing problematic alcohol use should target impulsivity generally, and particularly negative urgency among college students who participate in organized sports.
Parental Attitudes and Practices in Heritage Language Socialisation: Maintaining Spanish and Portuguese in Canada
Creators: name: Brooksbank, Joselyn
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2022
Subjects: Spanish
Portuguese
Heritage Language Maintenance
Heritage Language Socialisation
Language Socialisation
Language Maintenance
Spanish in Canada
Portuguese in Canada

description: The use of a heritage language (HL) at home has been seen as one of the most influential factors in determining its maintenance and is highly shaped by the attitudes parents have towards their language. These parental attitudes thus play a significant role in children's HL socialisation, particularly in environments in which the HL is in competition with multiple minority and/or majority languages, as is the case in many areas of Canada with the two Official Languages (OLs), French and English. In such environments, HL maintenance is not only influenced by the parental attitudes towards the HL itself, but also towards the OLs. Parental attitudes, the language(s) of schooling and overall exposure to each language all play a role in determining if the child will grow up to be monolingual, bilingual, or multilingual. This exploratory study aimed to identify the attitudes of Spanish- and Portuguese-speaking parents towards maintaining these HLs in Canada and their children’s language development in their HLs alongside French and English. It also aimed to explore how these attitudes influence their practices with respect to their children’s language socialisation, specifically their family language practices and the language(s) of schooling in which they choose to enrol their children, adding to this area of study that currently lacks descriptive research. Both the qualitative and quantitative results showed that the 315 parent participants generally had positive or very positive attitudes towards their HL and its maintenance in Canada, showing a high desire for their children to develop bilingually or multilingually in their HL and one or both of the OLs. These attitudes supported the family use patterns, with many parents reporting a high use of their HL at home, including those in linguistically intermarried families. Their positive attitudes towards both OLs and a generally high desire for bilingual or multilingual education were supported by the choices they made, when possible, in the language(s) of education of their children. The lack of quality and/or accessible options was noted by many and shows a growing need for more educational offerings in these two HLs. The results may be used in determining best practices for the transmission and maintenance of Spanish and Portuguese in a linguistically-diverse Canada.
Skale Percepcji Stresu
Creators: name: Stanislawski, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 520108
subject: Testing, assessment and psychometrics

description: Narzędzie powstało w ramach realizacji grantu nr 2023/07/X/HS6/00393 finansowanego przez Narodowe Centrum Nauki. Narzędzie jest udostępniane na zasadach licencji CC-0.
Reheating, thermalization and non-thermal gravitino production in MSSM inflation
Creators: name: Ferrantelli, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of MSSM inflation, matter and gravitino production are here investigated through the decay of the fields which are coupled to the udd inflaton, a gauge invariant combination of squarks. After the end of inflation, the flat direction oscillates about the minimum of its potential, losing at each oscillation about 56% of its energy into bursts of gauge/gaugino and scalar quanta when crossing the origin. These particles then acquire a large inflaton VEV-induced mass and decay perturbatively into the MSSM quanta and gravitinos, transferring the inflaton energy very efficiently via instant preheating. Regarding thermalization, we show that the MSSM degrees of freedom thermalize very quickly, yet not immediately by virtue of the large vacuum expectation value of the inflaton, which breaks the $SU(3)_C\times U(1)_Y$ symmetry into a residual $U(1)$. The energy transfer to the MSSM quanta is very efficient, since full thermalization is achieved after only $\mathcal{O}(40)$ complete oscillations. The udd inflaton thus provides an extremely efficient reheating of the Universe, with a temperature $T_{reh}=\mathcal{O}(10^8\mathrm{GeV})$ that allows for instance several mechanisms of baryogenesis. We also compute the gravitino number density from the perturbative decay of the flat direction and of the SUSY multiplet. We find that the gravitinos are produced in negligible amount and satisfy cosmological bounds such as the Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) and Dark Matter (DM) constraints.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures. References added, comments on spectral index and Q-balls production. Matches the version published in EPJC
Oscillating magnetoresistance in graphene p-n junctions at intermediate magnetic fields
Creators: name: Overweg, Hiske
name: Eggimann, Hannah
name: Liu, Ming-Hao
name: Varlet, Anastasia
name: Eich, Marius
name: Simonet, Pauline
name: Lee, Yongjin
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Richter, Klaus
name: Fal'ko, Vladimir I.
name: Ensslin, Klaus
name: Ihn, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the observation of magnetoresistance oscillations in graphene p-n junctions. The oscillations have been observed for six samples, consisting of single-layer and bilayer graphene, and persist up to temperatures of 30 K, where standard Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations are no longer discernible. The oscillatory magnetoresistance can be reproduced by tight-binding simulations. We attribute this phenomenon to the modulated densities of states in the n- and p- regions.
Active vs. Passive Hard Disks Against a Membrane : Mechanical Pressure and Instability
Creators: name: Junot, G.
name: Briand, G.
name: Ledesma-Alonso, R.
name: Dauchot, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally study the mechanical pressure exerted by a set of respectively passive isotropic and self-propelled polar disks onto two different flexible unidimensional membranes. In the case of the isotropic disks, the mechanical pressure, inferred from the shape of the membrane, is identical for both membranes and follows the equilibrium equation of state for hard disks. On the contrary, for the self-propelled disks, the mechanical pressure strongly depends on the membrane in use, and is thus not a state variable. When self propelled disks are present on both sides of the membrane, we observe an instability of the membrane akin to the one predicted theoretically for Active Brownian Particles against a soft wall. In that case, the integrated mechanical pressure difference across the membrane can not be computed from the sole knowledge of the packing fractions on both sides; a further evidence of the absence of equation of state.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
title: DELETION OF PERIOD GENES EXACERBATES DIET-INDUCED OBESITY IN FEMALE, BUT NOT MALE, MICE
Creators: name: Kantra, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: FOS: Biological sciences
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: Sex differences in obesity in mice are mediated by differential responses of circadian rhythms to high-fat feeding in males and females. Other studies also showed circadian Period genes regulate diet-induced obesity in mice. In this study, we investigated the role of the Period genes in regulating sex differences in obesity. Male and female C57BL/6J wild type, Per1/2 KO, and Per1/2/3 KO mice were housed in 12L:12D and fed high-fat diet for 12 weeks. We found a striking sex difference in obesity such that disabling the Period genes exacerbated adiposity in female, but not male, mice. Increased adiposity in female Period KO mice was not due to increased energy intake since they ate the same number of calories as wild type females. We found the phases of eating and activity rhythms varied from day to day in Period KO, but not wild-type, mice. Per1/2/3 KO females, as well as wild-type and Per1/2/3 KO males, also had disrupted eating rhythms on high-fat diet Therefore, increased interdaily variability and disruption of eating rhythms may contribute to exacerbated diet-induced obesity in Period KO females. Moreover, this study demonstrates that sex is a critical factor when studying the interplay between circadian rhythms and metabolic risk.
description: © 2022 Elizabeth Kantra
Testing Brans-Dicke gravity using the Einstein telescope
Creators: name: Zhang, Xing
name: Yu, Jiming
name: Liu, Tan
name: Zhao, Wen
name: Wang, Anzhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational radiation is an excellent field for testing theories of gravity in strong gravitational fields. The current observations on the gravitational-wave (GW) bursts by LIGO have already placed various constraints on the alternative theories of gravity. In this paper, we investigate the possible bounds which could be placed on the Brans-Dicke gravity using GW detection from inspiralling compact binaries with the proposed Einstein Telescope, a third-generation GW detector. We first calculate in details the waveforms of gravitational radiation in the lowest post-Newtonian approximation, including the tensor and scalar fields, which can be divided into the three polarization modes, i.e. "plus mode", "cross mode" and "breathing mode". Applying the stationary phase approximation, we obtain their Fourier transforms, and derive the correction terms in amplitude, phase and polarization of GWs, relative to the corresponding results in General Relativity. Imposing the noise level of Einstein Telescope, we find that the GW detection from inspiralling compact binaries, composed of a neutron star and a black hole, can place stringent constraints on the Brans-Dicke gravity. The bound on the coupling constant $ω_{\rm BD}$ depends on the mass, sky-position, orbital angle, polarization angle, luminosity distance, redshift distribution and total observed number $N_{\rm GW}$ of the binary systems. Taking into account all the burst events up to redshift $z=5$, we find that the bound could be $ω_{\rm BD}\gtrsim 10^{6}\times(N_{\rm GW}/10^4)^{1/2}$. Even for the conservative estimation with $10^{4}$ observed events, the bound is still more than one order tighter than the current limit from Solar System experiments. So, we conclude that Einstein Telescope will provide a powerful platform to test alternative theories of gravity.
description: 26 pages, 10 figures, 1 table, new references added, Phys.Rev.D accepted
Design of a New Family of Narrow Linewidth Mid-Infrared Lasers
Creators: name: Behzadi, Behsan
name: Hossein-Zadeh, Mani
name: Jain, Ravinder K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the design of a new family of high spectral brightness narrow linewidth (NLW) mid-infrared (MIR) lasers of < 1 MHz anticipated linewidths with potential for operation at any target wavelength between 2.5 and 9.5 um. More specifically, we analyze the potential performance characteristics of mid-infrared distributed feedback (DFB) Raman fiber lasers (RFLs) based on Pi-phase-shifted (PPS) Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) written in appropriately chosen low-phonon-energy glass fibers. In particular, we calculate anticipated threshold pump powers for optimal laser designs and pump wavelengths for single frequency (fundamental mode) operation of specific mid-infrared DFB-RFLs operating at chosen target wavelengths, and show that these pump powers can be as low as a few milliWatts for MIR DFB-RFLs fabricated with appropriate low-loss small mode area single mode fibers. As such, we clearly establish the PPS-DFB RFL platform as a very practical approach for constructing a broad range of narrow linewidth MIR coherent sources for numerous applications, including proximal and remote sensing of molecules and various high spectral brightness and long coherence length MIR applications.
Fluxes, bundle gerbes and 2-Hilbert spaces
Creators: name: Bunk, Severin
name: Szabo, Richard J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We elaborate on the construction of a prequantum 2-Hilbert space from a bundle gerbe over a 2-plectic manifold, providing the first steps in a program of higher geometric quantisation of closed strings in flux compactifications and of M5-branes in C-fields. We review in detail the construction of the 2-category of bundle gerbes, and introduce the higher geometrical structures necessary to turn their categories of sections into 2-Hilbert spaces. We work out several explicit examples of 2-Hilbert spaces in the context of closed strings and M5-branes on flat space. We also work out the prequantum 2-Hilbert space associated to an M-theory lift of closed strings described by an asymmetric cyclic orbifold of the SU(2) WZW model, providing an example of sections of a torsion gerbe on a curved background. We describe the dimensional reduction of M-theory to string theory in these settings as a map from 2-isomorphism classes of sections of bundle gerbes to sections of corresponding line bundles, which is compatible with the respective monoidal structures and module actions.
description: 38 pages; v2: Exposition improved, references added; Final version published in Letters in Mathematical Physics
Spectrum of the Wilson-Fisher conformal field theory on the torus
Creators: name: Whitsitt, Seth
name: Schuler, Michael
name: Henry, Louis-Paul
name: Läuchli, Andreas M.
name: Sachdev, Subir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the finite-size spectrum of the O($N$) symmetric Wilson-Fisher conformal field theory (CFT) on the $d=2$ spatial-dimension torus using the expansion in $ε=3-d$. This is done by deriving a set of universal effective Hamiltonians describing fluctuations of the zero momentum modes. The effective Hamiltonians take the form of $N$-dimensional quantum anharmonic oscillators, which are shown to be strongly coupled at the critical point for small $ε$. The low-energy spectrum is solved numerically for $N = 1,2,3,4$. Using exact diagonalization (ED), we also numerically study explicit lattice models known to be in the O($2$) and O($3$) universality class, obtaining estimates of the low-lying critical spectrum. The analytic and numerical results show excellent agreement and the critical low energy torus spectra are qualitatively different among the studied CFTs, identifying them as a useful fingerprint for detecting the universality class of a quantum critical point.
description: (v2) 53 pages, 10 figures. Some clarifications, Appendix B expanded
Building disaster resilient households through a school-based education intervention with children and their families
Creators: name: Amri, Avianto
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: This thesis investigates the development of a child-centred participatory household preparedness tool disseminated through three flood prone primary schools in Jakarta, Indonesia. In the last decade, Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) education programs have been promoted in schools and at the community level; however, little research or practice has focused on household preparedness through the participation of children and parents. This thesis uses a case study approach to develop and then assess the effectiveness of a participatory household preparedness tool. A literature review exploring the involvement of children as agents of change in DRR, in addition to other sectors, such as health and the environment is presented, evaluating the lessons learned in promoting children’s participation in delivering change in their communities. Based on this review, and consultation with DRR education practitioners, as well as children and their parents, a household preparedness planning tool was developed. The tool is in the form of a poster that children and parents complete together as part of a school assignment. The aims were that the poster can be utilised in schools, can engage parents and can support children to influence change within the home. In addition, it was intended that the tool can be easily scaled-up and replicated in other locations. The study captured the perspectives of children and their parents regarding their experiences in contributing to and using the tool through a mixed methodology of family group interviews and questionnaires. The study revealed a significant increase in household preparedness knowledge and planning, i.e. identifying actions to anticipate disaster risks, assessing evacuation procedures, and emergency pick up procedures, for both children and parents. Furthermore, parents and children built consensus in developing a preparedness plan together, with parents noting the crucial importance of their children’s role and other household members in household preparedness and children expressed their interests in making the plan together with their parents. The research also demonstrated opportunities for application of the tool at-scale, including the development of a comprehensive preparedness toolkit, called PREDIKT. Future areas of research for further development of Child-Centred DRR (CCDRR) are also discussed. The thesis consists of nine chapters and is structured using a hybrid approach, consisting of four journal articles and five conventional chapters.
Rational Solutions to the ABS List: Transformation Approach
Creators: name: Zhang, Danda
name: Zhang, Da-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the paper we derive rational solutions for the lattice potential modified Korteweg-de Vries equation, and Q2, Q1($δ$), H3($δ$), H2 and H1 in the Adler-Bobenko-Suris list. Bäcklund transformations between these lattice equations are used. All these rational solutions are related to a unified $τ$ function in Casoratian form which obeys a bilinear superposition formula.
Lengths of CFRP Laminates at Zone of Hogging Moment for T-Section Continuous RC Beams (Part I)
Creators: name: Mohie Eldin, Mohammad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Structural engineering

description: Carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates were proved as very effective method for either repairing or strengthening of used structures. However, the literature has no enough information about the behavior of RC continuous (two-span) T-section beams strengthened with CFRP laminates, especially in hogging moment zone. This paper examines the effect of CFRP laminates lengths, used for strengthening of the hogging moment zone, upon the behavior of such beams, to determine the optimum strengthening length.3-D theoretical models using the Finite Element (FE) Package ANSYS are used. Very good agreement was found between both proposed FE models and previous experimental research used for the verification of the FE model. Finally, redistribution of moments, energy dissipation and ductility of such beams are examined. It can be concluded that changing the strengthening CFRP length in the hogging moment zone is very effective upon the overall behavior of T-section continuous beams and their reinforcement bars.
Two is better than one: joint statistics of density and velocity in concentric spheres as a cosmological probe
Creators: name: Uhlemann, Cora
name: Codis, Sandrine
name: Hahn, Oliver
name: Pichon, Christophe
name: Bernardeau, Francis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The analytical formalism to obtain the probability distribution functions (PDFs) of spherically-averaged cosmic densities and velocity divergences in the mildly non-linear regime is presented. A large-deviation principle is applied to those cosmic fields assuming their most likely dynamics in spheres is set by the spherical collapse model. We validate our analytical results using state-of-the-art dark matter simulations with a phase-space resolved velocity field finding a 2% percent level agreement for a wide range of velocity divergences and densities in the mildly nonlinear regime (~10Mpc/h at redshift zero), usually inaccessible to perturbation theory. From the joint PDF of densities and velocity divergences measured in two concentric spheres, we extract with the same accuracy velocity profiles and conditional velocity PDF subject to a given over/under-density which are of interest to understand the non-linear evolution of velocity flows. Both PDFs are used to build a simple but accurate maximum likelihood estimators for the redshift evolution of the variance of both the density and velocity divergence fields, which have smaller relative errors than their sample variances when non-linearities appear. Given the dependence of the velocity divergence on the growth rate, there is a significant gain in using the full knowledge of both PDFs to derive constraints on the equation of state of dark energy. Thanks to the insensitivity of the velocity divergence to bias, its PDF can be used to obtain unbiased constraints on the growth of structures ($σ_8$,f) or it can be combined with the galaxy density PDF to extract bias parameters.
description: 17 pages, 17 figures, updated corresponding to published version
Constrained Low-rank Matrix Estimation: Phase Transitions, Approximate Message Passing and Applications
Creators: name: Lesieur, Thibault
name: Krzakala, Florent
name: Zdeborová, Lenka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This article is an extended version of previous work of the authors [40, 41] on low-rank matrix estimation in the presence of constraints on the factors into which the matrix is factorized. Low-rank matrix factorization is one of the basic methods used in data analysis for unsupervised learning of relevant features and other types of dimensionality reduction. We present a framework to study the constrained low-rank matrix estimation for a general prior on the factors, and a general output channel through which the matrix is observed. We draw a paralel with the study of vector-spin glass models - presenting a unifying way to study a number of problems considered previously in separate statistical physics works. We present a number of applications for the problem in data analysis. We derive in detail a general form of the low-rank approximate message passing (Low- RAMP) algorithm, that is known in statistical physics as the TAP equations. We thus unify the derivation of the TAP equations for models as different as the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model, the restricted Boltzmann machine, the Hopfield model or vector (xy, Heisenberg and other) spin glasses. The state evolution of the Low-RAMP algorithm is also derived, and is equivalent to the replica symmetric solution for the large class of vector-spin glass models. In the section devoted to result we study in detail phase diagrams and phase transitions for the Bayes-optimal inference in low-rank matrix estimation. We present a typology of phase transitions and their relation to performance of algorithms such as the Low-RAMP or commonly used spectral methods.
description: 64 pages, 12 figures
Non-emptiness of Brill-Noether Loci over very general quintic hypersurface
Creators: name: Dan, Krishanu
name: Pal, Sarbeswar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article we study Brill-Noether loci of moduli space of stable bundles over smooth surfaces. We define Petri map as an analogy with the case of curves. We show the non-emptiness of certain Brill-Noether loci over very general quintic hypersurface in $\mathbb{P}^3$, and use the Petri map to produce components of expected dimension.
Policy Enforcement with Proactive Libraries
Creators: name: Riganelli, Oliviero
name: Micucci, Daniela
name: Mariani, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Software libraries implement APIs that deliver reusable functionalities. To correctly use these functionalities, software applications must satisfy certain correctness policies, for instance policies about the order some API methods can be invoked and about the values that can be used for the parameters. If these policies are violated, applications may produce misbehaviors and failures at runtime. Although this problem is general, applications that incorrectly use API methods are more frequent in certain contexts. For instance, Android provides a rich and rapidly evolving set of APIs that might be used incorrectly by app developers who often implement and publish faulty apps in the marketplaces. To mitigate this problem, we introduce the novel notion of proactive library, which augments classic libraries with the capability of proactively detecting and healing misuses at run- time. Proactive libraries blend libraries with multiple proactive modules that collect data, check the correctness policies of the libraries, and heal executions as soon as the violation of a correctness policy is detected. The proactive modules can be activated or deactivated at runtime by the users and can be implemented without requiring any change to the original library and any knowledge about the applications that may use the library. We evaluated proactive libraries in the context of the Android ecosystem. Results show that proactive libraries can automati- cally overcome several problems related to bad resource usage at the cost of a small overhead.
description: O. Riganelli, D. Micucci and L. Mariani, "Policy Enforcement with Proactive Libraries" 2017 IEEE/ACM 12th International Symposium on Software Engineering for Adaptive and Self-Managing Systems (SEAMS), Buenos Aires, Argentina, 2017, pp. 182-192
Testing $χ_c$ properties at BELLE II
Creators: name: Czyż, Henryk
name: Kisza, Patrycja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The model of the $χ_{c_i}-γ^*-γ^*$ and $χ_{c_i}-J/ψ^*-γ^*$ form factors developed in [1] for $χ_{c_1}$ and $χ_{c_2}$ is extended to $χ_{c_0}$ case. The studies performed within this model have shown that at BELLE II it will be possible to study in detail $χ_{c_i}-γ^*-γ$ form factors through measurements of the reaction $e^+e^-\to e^+e^- χ_{c_i} (\to J/ψ(\to μ^+μ^-)γ)$.The results were obtained using the newly updated Monte Carlo generator EKHARA.
A Graph Framework for Manifold-valued Data
Creators: name: Bergmann, Ronny
name: Tenbrinck, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Graph-based methods have been proposed as a unified framework for discrete calculus of local and nonlocal image processing methods in the recent years. In order to translate variational models and partial differential equations to a graph, certain operators have been investigated and successfully applied to real-world applications involving graph models. So far the graph framework has been limited to real- and vector-valued functions on Euclidean domains. In this paper we generalize this model to the case of manifold-valued data. We introduce the basic calculus needed to formulate variational models and partial differential equations for manifold-valued functions and discuss the proposed graph framework for two particular families of operators, namely, the isotropic and anisotropic graph~$p$-Laplacian operators, $p\geq1$. Based on the choice of $p$ we are in particular able to solve optimization problems on manifold-valued functions involving total variation ($p=1$) and Tikhonov ($p=2$) regularization. Finally, we present numerical results from processing both synthetic as well as real-world manifold-valued data, e.g., from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data.
Pauli-Fierz type operators with singular electromagnetic potentials on general domains
Creators: name: Matte, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 47B25, 81V10

description: We consider Dirichlet realizations of Pauli-Fierz type operators generating the dynamics of non-relativistic matter particles which are confined to an arbitrary open subset of the Euclidean position space and coupled to quantized radiation fields. We find sufficient conditions under which their domains and a natural class of operator cores are determined by the domains and operator cores of the corresponding Dirichlet-Schrödinger operators and the radiation field energy. Our results also extend previous ones dealing with the entire Euclidean space, since the involved electrostatic potentials might be unbounded at infinity with local singularities that can only be controlled in a quadratic form sense, and since locally square-integrable classical vector potentials are covered as well. We further discuss Neumann realizations of Pauli-Fierz type operators on Lipschitz domains.
description: Revised version as published in Mathematical Physics, Analysis and Geometry. (Typos have been removed in the first version, and a few minor corrections have been made.) The final publication is available at link.springer.com
The variational-relaxation algorithm for finding quantum bound states
Creators: name: Schroeder, Daniel V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I describe a simple algorithm for numerically finding the ground state and low-lying excited states of a quantum system. The algorithm is an adaptation of the relaxation method for solving Poisson's equation, and is fundamentally based on the variational principle. It is especially useful for two-dimensional systems with nonseparable potentials, for which simpler techniques are inapplicable yet the computation time is minimal.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures. Minor revisions after peer review, especially to Section VII
Generative AI in assessment
Creators: name: Francis, Nigel
name: Smith, David
Publisher: name: National Teaching Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: This article discusses the implications of generative AI tools like ChatGPT for assessment in higher education. We note there are currently no reliable ways to detect AI-generated content, making it challenging to prevent academic misconduct. Different assessment types like essays, lab reports, literature reviews, presentations, etc. are at risk of being fabricated by AI. Strategies are suggested to make assessments more robust, including focusing on process over product, oral exams, novel/authentic assessments, collaborations, competency-based tests, and portfolios. Fostering a culture of ethical AI use is also important. Long-term, there may be a shift towards program-level synoptic assessments. The article recommends further reading on developing sustainable assessments and using AI ethically in education.
Relativistic Generalization of the Incentive Trap of Interstellar Travel with Application to Breakthrough Starshot
Creators: name: Heller, René
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As new concepts of sending interstellar spacecraft to the nearest stars are now being investigated by various research teams, crucial questions about the timing of such a vast financial and labor investment arise. If humanity could build high-speed interstellar lightsails and reach the alpha Centauri system 20 yr after launch, would it be better to wait a few years, then take advantage of further technology improvements to increase the speed, and arrive earlier despite waiting? The risk of being overtaken by a future, faster probe has been described earlier as the incentive trap. Based on 211 yr of historical data, we find that the speed growth of human-made vehicles, from steam-driven locomotives to Voyager 1, is much faster than previously believed, about 4.72 % annually or a doubling every 15 yr. We derive the mathematical framework to calculate the minimum of the wait time (t) plus travel time (tau(t)) and extend two exponential growth law models into the relativistic regime. We show that the minimum of t+tau(t) disappears for nearby targets. There is no use of waiting for speed improvements once we can reach an object within about 20 yr of travel, irrespective of the actual speed. In terms of speed, the t+tau(t) minimum for a travel to alpha Centauri will occur once 19.6 % the speed of light (c) become available, in agreement with the 20 % c proposed by the Breakthrough Starshot Initiative. If interstellar travel at 20 % c can be obtained within 45 yr from today and if the kinetic energy could be increased at a rate consistent with the historical record, then humans can reach the ten most nearby stars within 100 yr from today.
description: 10 pages, 5 col. figures, 1 table
On the validity of the Born approximation for beyond-Gaussian weak lensing observables
Creators: name: Petri, Andrea
name: Haiman, Zoltán
name: May, Morgan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurate forward modeling of weak lensing (WL) observables from cosmological parameters is necessary for upcoming galaxy surveys. Because WL probes structures in the non-linear regime, analytical forward modeling is very challenging, if not impossible. Numerical simulations of WL features rely on ray-tracing through the outputs of $N$-body simulations, which requires knowledge of the gravitational potential and accurate solvers for light ray trajectories. A less accurate procedure, based on the Born approximation, only requires knowledge of the density field, and can be implemented more efficiently and at a lower computational cost. In this work, we use simulations to show that deviations of the Born-approximated convergence power spectrum, skewness and kurtosis from their fully ray--traced counterparts are consistent with the smallest non-trivial $O(Φ^3)$ post-Born corrections (so-called geodesic and lens-lens terms). Our results imply a cancellation among the larger $O(Φ^4)$ (and higher order) terms, consistent with previous analytic work. We also find that cosmological parameter bias induced by the Born approximated power spectrum is negligible even for an LSST-like survey, once galaxy shape noise is considered. When considering higher order statistics such as the $κ$ skewness and kurtosis, however, we find significant bias of up to 2.5$σ$. Using the LensTools software suite, we show that the Born approximation saves a factor of 4 in computing time with respect to the full ray-tracing in reconstructing the convergence.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, PRD accepted
An extension of Hejhal’s algorithm to infinite volume fundamental domains
Creators: name: Karlovitz, Alexander
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2022

description: This work presents an algorithm for numerically computing Maass forms and their eigenvalues for Fuchsian groups of infinite covolume. By Patterson-Sullivan theory, this has the added benefit of computing Hausdorff dimensions of the limit sets of these groups. To approximate Maass forms, we consider their Fourier expansions in different coordinate systems. To handle infinite volume fundamental domains, we introduce the concept of flare domains. We also develop theory about Fourier expansions in flare domains which mimics the classical theory on expansions with respect to cusps. Finally, we present detailed examples of the algorithm applied to symmetric Schottky groups and infinite volume Hecke groups.