cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
NADPH oxidases in obesity and diabetes
Creators: name: Szanto, Ildiko
Publisher: name: Université de Genève
Year: 2019
Subjects: info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/616
NADPH oxidase
NOX4
Oxidative stress
Adipocyte differentiation
adipose tissue
Obesity
Type 2 diabetes

description: White adipose tissue (WAT) plays a crucial role in the maintenance of healthy metabolic profile. To this effect, WAT lipid storage capacity expands in response to nutrient influx after physiological caloric ingestion. However, when confronted by a chronic surplus in caloric intake, WAT mass will increase in a pathological manner. Pathological WAT is characterized by insufficient capillarization and the development of inflammation and oxidative stress that promote the onset of insulin resistance and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The objective of this thesis is to review current knowledge about the WAT adaptive responses to caloric excess and their links to oxidative radicals. The three papers presented in this thesis establishes the role of the reactive oxygen species producing NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) in the processes that modulate WAT expenditure: neo-capillarization, hypoxia-mediated signaling, inflammatory signals and adipocyte differentiation, and examines the molecular pathways linking NOX4 to the development of insulin resistance. Taken together, the works presented in this thesis afforded the first insight into the importance of NOX4 in WAT pathophysiology. These results provided a solid basis for further studies aimed at uncovering the role of NOX4 in the modulation of the complex network that governs WAT redox homeostasis and metabolic health and to evaluate the potential of NOX4 as a novel therapeutic target in obesity and T2DM.
Martonio Mont’Alverne Barreto Lima.pdf
Creators: name: MARTONIO MONT’ALVERNE BARRETO LIMA
name: MATEUS OLIVEIRA FREITAS
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: This paper seeks to examine Iran's nuclear program and its possible use for non-peaceful purposes in the light of a historical and international political perspective. The work reconstructs the elements of the Iranian political thought about its nuclear program, since its inception to the present day. It is necessary to address the nuclear program from a regional perspective, to include comments on the State of Israel and its nuclear program, with the need for understanding. With the opacity policy, constituted by the practice of silence on issues concerning its nuclear program, Israel has developed nuclear weapons without suffering international questions. The paper presents the reasons for the possible pursuit of nuclear weapons by Iran, and the development of the nuclear program of Israel. The text analyzes the agreement made on July 14, 2015, between Germany, the permanent members of the UN Security Council (the group called P5 + 1) and Iran, for purposes of limiting Iran's nuclear program. The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has verified and announced that Iran has completed, on January 16, 2016, the obligations arising from the agreement of July 14, which became the Resolution No. 223 voted by the current Security Council on 20 July 2015. The announcement by the IAEA initiated the implementation of the agreement and the lifting of sanctions.
Risk Stratification in patients with acute pulmonary embolism
Creators: name: Marti, Christophe
Publisher: name: Université de Genève
Year: 2020
Subjects: info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/616
Pulmonary embolism
Risk stratification
Thrombolysis

description: Risk stratification is one of the cornerstones of the management of acute pulmonary embolism (PE) and may affect the choice of both diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Critical steps requiring risk stratification in patients with acute PE include identification of patients at very high risk of early mortality requiring immediate diagnostic and rescue therapies; identification of patients at low-risk of complications who can be treated as outpatients and identification of normotensive patients with an increased risk of complications requiring reperfusion therapy or close monitoring.
Additional file 2: of Radiotherapy-induced cell death activates paracrine HMGB1-TLR2 signaling and accelerates pancreatic carcinoma metastasis
Creators: name: Chen, Xuelian
name: Zhang, Lirong
name: Jiang, Yujie
name: Song, Lian
name: Liu, Yanfang
name: Cheng, Fang
name: Fan, Xin
name: Cao, Xiongfeng
name: Gong, Aihua
name: Wang, Dongqing
name: Zhu, Haitao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biochemistry
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Cancer

description: Figure S2. Dying-cell-derived HMGB1 regulates tumor cell proliferation in vitro. (PDF 280Â kb)
Nest predation of woodland birds in south-east Australia: importance of unexpected predators
Creators: name: Guppy, Michael
name: Guppy, Sarah
name: Marchant, Richard
name: Priddel, David
name: Carlile, Nicholas
name: Fullagar, Peter
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: For most passerines, nest predation has a major impact on breeding success; however, information on the identity of nest predators is scant. In 2012, we investigated the identity of nest predators that each year depredate about 50% of the nests of 21 species in a south-east coastal bird community in New South Wales, Australia. The current study is a 2-year extension of this study and shows that at this study site (a) predation accounts for at least 90% of nest failures, (b) identified nest predators comprised two reptiles, nine birds and five mammals, (c) the suite of predators changes each season, (d) the two major predators were the Eastern Whipbird (Psophodes olivaceus) and the Fan-tailed Cuckoo (Cacomantis flabelliformis), (e) the impact of the Red Fox and Feral Cat was minimal, and (f) there was a variable and complex interaction between the parasitic cuckoos and their hosts. The data show definitively the overwhelming importance of nest predation on fledgling production, and bring to light new and important data on several aspects of the suite of nest predators.
Additional file 5: of Mutations of DnaA-boxes in the oriR region increase replication frequency of the MiniR1â 1 plasmid
Creators: name: Yao, Yuan
name: Enkhtsetseg, Sukhbold
name: Odsbu, Ingvild
name: Fan, Lifei
name: Morigen, Morigen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Figure S3. Sequencing results for the MiniR1â 1 plasmid. (PDF 89 kb)
Polarimetry of M-type asteroids in the context of their surface composition
Creators: name: Belskaya, I.
name: Berdyugin, A.
name: Krugly, Yu.
name: Donchev, Z.
name: Sergeyev, A.
name: Gil-Hutton, R.
name: Mykhailova, S.
name: Bonev, T.
name: Piirola, V.
name: Berdyugina, S.
name: Kagitani, M.
name: Sakanoi, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. We aim to investigate how polarimetric observations can improve our understanding of the nature and diversity of M/X-type asteroids. Methods. Polarimetric observations of the selected M/X-type asteroids were carried out at the Tohoku 0.6-m telescope at Haleakala Observatory, Hawaii (simultaneously in BVR filters), the 2-m telescope of the Bulgarian National Astronomical Observatory in Rozhen (in R filter), and the 2.15-m telescope of the Complejo Astronómico El Leoncito (CASLEO), Argentina (in V filter). We analysed the polarimetric characteristics of M/X-type asteroids along with the available data obtained by other techniques. Results. New polarimetric observations of 22 M/X-type asteroids combined with published observations provide a data set of 41 asteroids for which the depth of a negative polarisation branch and/or inversion angle were determined. We found that the depth of the negative polarisation branch tends to increase with decreasing steepness of the near-infrared spectra. Asteroids with a deeper negative polarisation branch tend to have a higher radar circular polarisation ratio. We show that, based on the relationship of the depth of the negative polarisation branch and inversion angle, two main sub-types can be distinguished among M-type asteroids. We suggest that these groups may be related to different surface compositions similar to (1) irons and stony-irons and (2) enstatite and iron-rich carbonaceous chondrites.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables
The role of imaging in cancer patients : challenges and perspectives
Creators: name: Gariani, Joanna
Publisher: name: Université de Genève
Year: 2019
Subjects: info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/616.0757
Cancer
Imaging
CT
MRI
CT technique

description: Imaging in the medical field has grown in importance over the past decades with the development of sophisticated cross-sectional imaging techniques including computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and hybrid imaging techniques (PET-CT and PET-MR). It has also become primordial in the initial diagnosis and staging of cancer patients and in the evaluation of treatment response. The most widely used technique is CT as it is a robust imaging method which provides whole body information in a short acquisition time and is readily accessible. The main disadvantage of this imaging method is that it relies on X-rays and is the main source of radiation exposure due to medical imaging in the general population. This thesis will firstly describe different methods that have been developed and are currently employed for dose reduction in CT and will then go on to outline the role of alternative imaging techniques including whole body MRI and PET-MR in cancer patients. Finally, future perspectives in the field of cancer imaging will be discussed with emphasis on quantitative image texture analysis and artificial intelligence.
Geographical variation in bill colour in the Long-tailed Finch: evidence for a narrow zone of admixture between sub-species
Creators: name: Griffith, Simon C.
name: Hooper, Daniel M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Cancer

description: The Long-tailed Finch (Poephila acuticauda) is endemic to Australia’s northern tropics and comprises two sub-species differentiated by bill colour: yellow in the western sub-species acuticauda and red in the eastern sub-species hecki. We present an extensive survey of bill colour variation across the range of the Long-tailed Finch (more than 700 individuals collected across nearly 1500 km of range). Geographic clinal analysis using bill reflectance spectrophotometry data suggests that the greatest extent of bill colour admixture is only ~150 km wide and is centred approximately 50 km west of Katherine, Northern Territory (14.5° S, 132.3° E). Variation in bill colour is generally low outside of this zone, and across widely distributed allopatric populations of both sub-species. However, the best-fit clinal model supports a pattern of asymmetrical introgression of bill colour from the east into the west. The narrow geographic width of bill colour admixture between Long-tailed Finch sub-species and the estimated timing of secondary contact (14–21 kya) suggests a role for selection acting against hybrids and/or parentals in maintaining sub-species as independently evolving populations.
Формирование здорового образа жизни у молодежи
Creators: name: Сергеевич, Шевченко Александр
name: Орлова Наталия Александровна
name: Кондобаров Александр Владимирович
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2004
Subjects: здоровый образ жизни
ВИЧ/СПИД
инфекции, передающиеся половым путем
химические зависимости
безопасный секс
репродуктивное здоровье
healthy lifestyle
HIV/AIDS
sexually transmitted infections
chemical addictions
safe sex
reproductive health

description: На русском: [Формирование здорового образа жизни у молодежи: Методические рекомендации для учителей средних школ / сост. Шевченко А.С., Орлова Н.А., Кондобаров А.В.; МОМХ, ХРИПОЗ. - Украина, Харьков: СПД-ФО Лысенко А.А., 2004. - 74 с. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3700597] Методические рекомендации содержат данные по 5 разделам авторской программы Харьковского Регионального Института Проблем Общественного Здравоохранения и Молодежной Организации Медиков Харькова, связанные с современными медико-социальными проблемами человеческого общества: заболеваемостью ВИЧ, ИППП, репродуктивным здоровьем, употреблением психоактивных веществ. Издание осуществлено в рамках проекта "Профилактика опасного поведения молодежи Чугуевского района Харьковской области", реализованного Молодежной Организацией Медиков Харькова при финансовой поддержке Харьковского областного центра молодежи Управления по делам семьи и молодежи Харьковской областной государственной администрации в 2004 году, и предназначено для учителей средних школ... Ключевые слова: здоровый образ жизни; ВИЧ/СПИД; инфекции, передающиеся половым путем; химические зависимости; безопасный секс; репродуктивное здоровье. In English: [Formation of a healthy lifestyle among young people: Guidelines for secondary school teachers / comp. Shevchenko A.S., Orlova N.A., Kondobarov A.V .; MYOKh, KhRIPHS. - Ukraine, Kharkov: PB Lysenko A.A., 2004. - 74 p. (rus.) https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3700597]

 The methodological recommendations contain data on 5 sections of the curriculum of the Kharkov Regional Institute of Public Health Services and the Medical Youth Organization of Kharkov, related to modern medical and social problems of human society: the incidence of HIV, STDs, reproductive health, and drug using. The publication was carried out as part of the project “Prevention of Dangerous Behavior of Youth in the Chuguevsky District of the Kharkiv Region”, implemented by the Medical Youth Organization of Kharkov with financial support from the Kharkiv Regional Youth Center of the Family and Youth Affairs Department of the Kharkiv Regional State Administration in 2004, and is intended for secondary school teachers...

 Keywords: healthy lifestyle; HIV/AIDS; sexually transmitted infections; chemical addictions; safe sex; reproductive health.
Search for Dispersed Pulses at Declinations from +56o to +87o
Creators: name: Tyul'bashev, S. A.
name: Kitaeva, M. A.
name: Logvinenko, S. V.
name: Tyul'basheva, G. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The survey of northern hemisphere were made at a frequency of 111 MHz. The total accumulation time at each point of the sky was at least one hour. 75 sources of pulse emission were detected. More then 80% of these sources are known pulsars observed in the side lobes of the antenna. From one to several hundreds pulses were detected in twelve known pulsars. For four pulsars (J0157+6212, J1910+5655, J2337+6151, J2354+6155) the narrowness of the strongest pulses and the ratio of peak flux densities in the strongest pulse and in the average profile indicate that they can be pulsars with giant pulses. One new rotating radio transient (RRAT) J0812+8626 with a dispersion measure DM=40.25 pc/cm3 was detected.
description: Published in Astronomy Reports and translated from russian version of paper by Yandex translator with correction scientific lexis. 6 page, 4 figures, 1 table
Формирование здорового образа жизни у молодежи
Creators: name: Сергеевич, Шевченко Александр
name: Орлова Наталия Александровна
name: Кондобаров Александр Владимирович
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2004
Subjects: здоровый образ жизни
ВИЧ/СПИД
инфекции, передающиеся половым путем
химические зависимости
безопасный секс
репродуктивное здоровье
healthy lifestyle
HIV/AIDS
sexually transmitted infections
chemical addictions
safe sex
reproductive health

description: На русском: [Формирование здорового образа жизни у молодежи: Методические рекомендации для учителей средних школ / сост. Шевченко А.С., Орлова Н.А., Кондобаров А.В.; МОМХ, ХРИПОЗ. - Украина, Харьков: СПД-ФО Лысенко А.А., 2004. - 74 с. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3700597] Методические рекомендации содержат данные по 5 разделам авторской программы Харьковского Регионального Института Проблем Общественного Здравоохранения и Молодежной Организации Медиков Харькова, связанные с современными медико-социальными проблемами человеческого общества: заболеваемостью ВИЧ, ИППП, репродуктивным здоровьем, употреблением психоактивных веществ. Издание осуществлено в рамках проекта "Профилактика опасного поведения молодежи Чугуевского района Харьковской области", реализованного Молодежной Организацией Медиков Харькова при финансовой поддержке Харьковского областного центра молодежи Управления по делам семьи и молодежи Харьковской областной государственной администрации в 2004 году, и предназначено для учителей средних школ... Ключевые слова: здоровый образ жизни; ВИЧ/СПИД; инфекции, передающиеся половым путем; химические зависимости; безопасный секс; репродуктивное здоровье. In English: [Formation of a healthy lifestyle among young people: Guidelines for secondary school teachers / comp. Shevchenko A.S., Orlova N.A., Kondobarov A.V .; MYOKh, KhRIPHS. - Ukraine, Kharkov: PB Lysenko A.A., 2004. - 74 p. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3700597]

 The methodological recommendations contain data on 5 sections of the curriculum of the Kharkov Regional Institute of Public Health Services and the Medical Youth Organization of Kharkov, related to modern medical and social problems of human society: the incidence of HIV, STDs, reproductive health, and drug using. The publication was carried out as part of the project “Prevention of Dangerous Behavior of Youth in the Chuguevsky District of the Kharkiv Region”, implemented by the Medical Youth Organization of Kharkov with financial support from the Kharkiv Regional Youth Center of the Family and Youth Affairs Department of the Kharkiv Regional State Administration in 2004, and is intended for secondary school teachers...

 Keywords: healthy lifestyle; HIV/AIDS; sexually transmitted infections; chemical addictions; safe sex; reproductive health.
The Placebo Effect of Artificial Intelligence in Human-Computer Interaction
Creators: name: Kosch, Thomas
name: Welsch, Robin
name: Chuang, Lewis
name: Schmidt, Albrecht
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In medicine, patients can obtain real benefits from a sham treatment. These benefits are known as the placebo effect. We report two experiments (Experiment I: N=369; Experiment II: N=100) demonstrating a placebo effect in adaptive interfaces. Participants were asked to solve word puzzles while being supported by no system or an adaptive AI interface. All participants experienced the same word puzzle difficulty and had no support from an AI throughout the experiments. Our results showed that the belief of receiving adaptive AI support increases expectations regarding the participant's own task performance, sustained after interaction. These expectations were positively correlated to performance, as indicated by the number of solved word puzzles. We integrate our findings into technological acceptance theories and discuss implications for the future assessment of AI-based user interfaces and novel technologies. We argue that system descriptions can elicit placebo effects through user expectations biasing the results of user-centered studies.
MOESM1 of Metabolome- and genome-scale model analyses for engineering of Aureobasidium pullulans to enhance polymalic acid and malic acid production from sugarcane molasses
Creators: name: Feng, Jun
name: Yang, Jing
name: Yang, Wenwen
name: Chen, Jie
name: Jiang, Min
name: Zou, Xiang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. List of strains, plasmids, and primers.
Pathogenesis of ovarian cancer
Creators: name: Labidi-Galy, Sana Intidhar
Publisher: name: Université de Genève
Year: 2020
Subjects: info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/616
Pathogenesis
Ovarian cancer
Fallopian tube
Mucinous carcinoma
High-garde serous carcinoma
BRCA mutation
Primordial germ cell

description: Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a heterogeneous disease with five histotypes: serous (high-grade and low-grade), endometrioid, clear cell and mucinous carcinoma. New evidences suggest that the majority of EOC are of extra-ovarian origin. We used next-generation sequencing to investigate the cell of origin of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) and mucinous ovarian carcinoma (MOC). We analyzed exome-wide sequence and structural analyses of multiple tumor samples from five individuals with advanced stage sporadic HGSOC. Our results suggest that ovarian cancer is a disease of the fallopian tubes, with the development of p53 signatures and serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma as early events. The subsequent formation of a cancer in the ovaries represents a seeding event from a primary tumor in the fallopian tube that already contains sequence and structural alterations in key driver genes, including TP53, PI3K pathway, and BRCA1/BRCA2 genes. Our work could have implication for screening and early diagnosis of HGSOC. In a separate work, we used unsupervised clustering of gene-expression profile of different histotype of ovarian tumors, their eutopic tissues (ovarian surface epithelium and fallopian tube) and single-cell RNA-sequencing of primordial germ cells (PGCs). We observed that mucinous ovarian tumors (borderline and carcinoma) cluster more closely to PGCs than their eutopic tissue of origin. Our work brings a new and plausible explanation of the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of MOC and could help into developing new target therapies for this rare and chemoresistant tumor.
Additional file 1: of Prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms and their associated factors in mild COPD patients from community settings, Shanghai, China: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Xiao, Tian
name: Qiu, Hua
name: Chen, Yue
name: Zhou, Xianfeng
name: Wu, Kang
name: Ruan, Xiaonan
name: Wang, Na
name: Fu, Chaowei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: The questionnaire for COPD patients in communities of Pudong District, Shanghai. The questionnaire covered on data of geographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle and occupational exposure factors, and COPD and comorbidities. (PDF 288 kb)
Innovative New Surgical Approaches in Anterior Segment Surgery: Ultrashort Laser Pulses in Ophthalmology
Creators: name: Pajic, Bojan
Publisher: name: Université de Genève
Year: 2020
Subjects: info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/616.8
Femtosecond laser
Ultrashort laser pulses
Surgery
Ophthalmology

description: The development of the all-solid-state femtosecond laser opens unimagined possibilities in the treatment of the anterior bulbus sections in ophthalmology. Not only does the femtosecond laser offer incredible precision, combination with high-resolution imaging techniques (e.g. OCT) allows very precise treatment options from cornea to crystalline lens. As femtosecond laser clinical technology tends advances, it becomes gentler, safer, and more precise. Moreover, high-frequency, low-energy femtosecond laser may possess certain advantages over conventional femtosecond laser. A large part of the work is devoted to the clinical application and summary of FLACS from corneal incisions to lens fragmentation, from clinical outcomes to the possible adverse effects of the laser, and from complications to the successful use of the femtosecond laser in challenging cases. This customizable technology promises to successfully treat each person according to their unique demographics, anatomy, and disease. We are developing new approaches and refining existing ones that will open other treatment fields in the future.
New draft item
Creators: name: CAROLINE RODRIGUES CELLOTO DANTE
name: IVAN DIAS DA MOTTA
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: Contemporary society is characterized by the idea of ​​exacerbated consumerism and the pursuit of pleasure at any cost. That scenario arises from technological innovations, globalization, which entailed a society marked by abundance, which, however, is not linked directly to the quality of life, on the contrary, there is true individual identity loss, their objectification. The biopolitics is inserted in this context, since there is a power dominating the lives of the people, exercised a control over the same, this marked by the consumer market, requiring an understanding of who the human being today. It is necessary, therefore, the redemption of the human being, the resumption of meaning to life, and the state plays a key role in such an attempt, acting in particular through public policies of human development. By way of example, it is possible to identify public policies related to the right to education, since that right enables the dignity of the human person, its full development, that is, allows the rescue of the individual as a citizen, as a subject of rights.
Neuroimaging and biological role of TSPO in brain disorders
Creators: name: Tournier, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Université de Genève
Year: 2020
Subjects: info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/616.89
Amyloid
Alzheimer's disease
Neuroinflammation
TSPO

description: In the last decade, positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in vivo imaging has attempted to demonstrate the presence of neuroinflammatory reactions by detecting the 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) in many diseases of the central nervous system. Of these diseases, Alzheimer's disease has been the most widely studied with more than forty pre-clinical and clinical studies. Thus, it is now more or less accepted that TSPO is upregulated in Alzheimer's disease. However, studies differ as to the cerebral location of the variations, the timecourse of the appearance of TSPO and the cells responsible for this increase. In the case of schizophrenia, while studies remain more contradictory, it seems that TSPO shows decreases in expression instead. This review focuses on the use of TSPO as a biomarker of neuroinflammation in psychiatric disorders, on the cellular origin of the variations in its expression, on its possible biological/pathological roles and, finally, on its links with other neurochemical actors of Alzheimer's pathology, b-amyloid and neurofibrillary tangles.
Through the looking glass: drug safety in the light of pharmacogenomics, drug interactions and beyond
Creators: name: Rollason, Victoria
Publisher: name: Université de Genève
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/617
subject: Drug safety
subject: Pharmacovigilance
subject: Pharmacoepidemiology
subject: Drug-drug interactions
subject: Pharmacogenomics
subject: FOS: Medical biotechnology

description: The monitoring of drug safety is essential so as to be sure that the drugs that are on the market are safe, effective and of good quality. The activity that monitors this drug safety is called pharmacovigilance and consists in detecting, assessing understanding and preventing adverse drug reactions or any other drug-related problem. This thesis aims to describe the process of drug safety throughout the drug's life-cycle, process that goes hand-in-hand with every stage of the development of the drug but continues also in the postmarketing phase once the drug is given to real-life patients. After going through the history of drug safety and the burden of adverse drug reactions, we attempt to put forward the usefulness of clinical trials in acquiring a first safety profile of a new drug in a carefully selected population but also the limitations of these clinical trials in detecting rare, unknown adverse drug reactions in real-life situations. The different means by which the gaps in drug safety can be further filled in are explained, from spontaneous adverse drug reporting systems to pharmacoepidemiologic studies, means that allow collecting data on special populations such as elderly patients, children and pregnant women or in special situations such as drug misuse, drug-drug interactions and particular pharmacogenetic profiles. Finally, we review how the monitoring of drug safety can be further improved, using new technologies and better communication.
MOESM3 of Metabolome- and genome-scale model analyses for engineering of Aureobasidium pullulans to enhance polymalic acid and malic acid production from sugarcane molasses
Creators: name: Feng, Jun
name: Yang, Jing
name: Yang, Wenwen
name: Chen, Jie
name: Jiang, Min
name: Zou, Xiang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Figure S1. The statistical numbers of differential metabolites between groups. Red bars represent the numbers of relative concentration increased metabolites and blue bars represent the numbers of relative concentration decreased metabolites. Figure S2. PCR amplification of the endogenous pyc gene using the genomic DNA of A. pullulans. Figure S3. Construction of the pyc cassette by cloning into the plasmid pBARGPE1 with the PgpdA promoter. Figure S4. Batch fermentation of different ATMT-derived clones with glucose as carbon source in shake flask. Figure S5. Analysis of sequences flanking to T-DNA in genome of the strain E10.
An epidemiological approach of common conditions in primary care
Creators: name: Maisonneuve, Hubert
Publisher: name: Université de Genève
Year: 2019
Subjects: info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/613
Primary care research
Conceptual framework
Primary care

description: In primary care, guidelines often conflict with a holistic approach to the patient's problems. This highlights both the unmet needs for evidence necessary to primary care daily decisions and the need to develop primary care research. One of the first steps to improve primary care research is to ground research initiatives into primary care practice. We propose to shape general research procedures using a framework exploring the convergent dynamics leading to shared clinical decision. In this dynamic representation, primary care research gathers new evidence from clinical states and circumstances, patients' preferences and actions, and clinical expertise. These data can feed a loop leading to enhanced clinical expertise through the uptake of research findings into routine healthcare in clinical contexts.
Transient flashing propellant flow models to predict internal flow characteristics, spray velocity, and aerosol droplet size of a pMDI
Creators: name: B. Gavtash
name: H. K. Versteeg
name: G. Hargrave
name: B. Myatt
name: D. Lewis
name: T. Church
name: G. Brambilla
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Despite the popularity of the pMDI as an asthma remedy, the mechanism leading to spray generation is elusive, mainly due to small length scales and short time scale, causing experimental difficulties to obtain flow information. This mechanism involves transient development of two-phase flashing propellant flow inside pMDI actuator as well as transfer of heat, mass, and momentum between the liquid and vapor phase. Variations in the rate of such interphase phenomena dictate the two-phase mass flow rate emission, which itself determines spray velocity and droplet size. In this work, we compare the performance of existing two-phase flow models to predict the flow conditions and the rate of propellant flow through a pMDI actuator: the homogenous equilibrium model (HEM), the slip equilibrium model (SEM), and the homogenous frozen model (HFM). The velocity prediction of the HFM was found to be in good agreement with phase Doppler anemometry (PDA) data indicating the metastable nature of the emitted propellant spray. This work also considers Clark's correlation for the aerosol droplet size based on the results of the flow model. The results of the correlation were compared with PDA droplet size measurements. Clark's correlation was found to be effective in predictions of the temporal droplet size variations. However, the value of an empirical constant had to be tuned to fix the droplet size for a given combination of formulation, device, and to a lesser extent also the distance from the spray orifice where predictions are compared with PDA data. This highlights the need to develop first principle atomization models without the need for case-by-case adjustment. © 2017 American Association for Aerosol Research
Populations of highly variable X-ray sources in the XMM$-$Newton slew survey
Creators: name: Li, Dongyue
name: Starling, R. L. C.
name: Saxton, R. D.
name: Pan, Hai-Wu
name: Yuan, Weimin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the identifications of a flux-limited sample of highly variable X-ray sources on long time-scales from the second catalogue of the XMM$-$Newton SLew survey (XMMSL2). The carefully constructed sample, comprising 265 sources (2.5 per cent) selected from the XMMSL2 clean catalogue, displayed X-ray variability of a factor of more than 10 in 0.2$-$2 keV compared to the ROSAT All Sky Survey. Of the sample sources, 94.3 per cent are identified. The identification procedure follows a series of cross-matches with astronomical data bases and multiwavelength catalogues to refine the source position and identify counterparts to the X-ray sources. Assignment of source type utilizes a combination of indicators including counterparts offset, parallax measurement, spectral colours, X-ray luminosity, and light-curve behaviour. We identified 40 per cent of the variables with stars, 10 per cent with accreting binaries, and at least 30.4 per cent with active galactic nuclei. The rest of the variables are identified as galaxies. It is found that the mean effective temperatures of the highly variable stars are lower than those of less variable stars. Our sample of highly variable AGN tend to have lower black hole masses, redshifts, and marginally lower soft X-ray luminosities compared to the less variable ones, while no difference was found in the Eddington ratio distributions. Five flaring events are tidal disruption events published previously. This study has significantly increased the number of variable sources in XMMSL2 with identifications and provides greater insight on the nature of many of the sources, enabling further studies of highly variable X-ray sources.
description: 20 pages, 18 figures, published in MNRAS
Ursula Ganz-Blättler. “Signs of time: Cumulative narrative in broadcast television fiction.” Wien, Zürich: LIT, 2018, pp. 352. ISBN 978-3-643-80273-6
Creators: name: Verhoeven, Marcel
Publisher: name: Hauptbibliothek Open Publishing Environment
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 330 - Wirtschaft

Abstract
Enhanced recovery programs after colorectal surgery in two high-risk populations: elderly patients and after emergency surgery
Creators: name: Ostermann Bucher, Sandrine
Publisher: name: Université de Genève
Year: 2020
Subjects: info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/617
Enhanced recovery after surgery
Enhanced recovery program
Fats-track surgery
Colorectal
Elderly
Emergency surgery

description: Enhanced recovery programs (ERPs) are multimodal, multidisciplinary perioperative care programs designed to reduce perioperative surgical stress, decrease postoperative morbidity, shorten hospital stay, reduce health care costs, improve patient well-being and satisfaction. ERPs reduce postoperative complications by 50%, resulting in shorter hospital stay. ERPs were later extended to other digestive surgery and surgical specialties with similar results. Recently, ERPs showed a beneficial impact on 5-year survival after colorectal cancer, and on racial disparities. ERPs have also proved useful in some specific high-risk patient populations, such as elderly patients and after emergency colorectal surgery. This work set out to review the EBM literature concerning the feasibility and efficacy of ERP in elderly patients and after emergency colorectal surgery. The results of our RCT comparing a dedicated ERP to non-selected elderly patients after colorectal surgery and our prospective cohort studies are commented in a second in the light of the literature review.
Additional file 1: of Spatio-temporal analysis of the relationship between meteorological factors and hand-foot-mouth disease in Beijing, China
Creators: name: Tian, Lin
name: Liang, Fengchao
name: Xu, Meimei
name: Jia, Lei
name: Pan, Xiaochuan
name: Clements, Archie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Table S1. Comparison of studies conducted in Beijing investigating spatio-temporal patterns of HFMD and the effects of meteorological factors. (DOCX 16Â kb)
Machine learning based event classification for the energy-differential measurement of the $^\text{nat}$C(n,p) and $^\text{nat}$C(n,d) reactions
Creators: name: Žugec, P.
name: Barbagallo, M.
name: Andrzejewski, J.
name: Perkowski, J.
name: Colonna, N.
name: Bosnar, D.
name: Gawlik, A.
name: Sabate-Gilarte, M.
name: Bacak, M.
name: Mingrone, F.
name: Chiaveri, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The paper explores the feasibility of using machine learning techniques, in particular neural networks, for classification of the experimental data from the joint $^\text{nat}$C(n,p) and $^\text{nat}$C(n,d) reaction cross section measurement from the neutron time of flight facility n_TOF at CERN. Each relevant $ΔE$-$E$ pair of strips from two segmented silicon telescopes is treated separately and afforded its own dedicated neural network. An important part of the procedure is a careful preparation of training datasets, based on the raw data from Geant4 simulations. Instead of using these raw data for the training of neural networks, we divide a relevant 3-parameter space into discrete voxels, classify each voxel according to a particle/reaction type and submit these voxels to a training procedure. The classification capabilities of the structurally optimized and trained neural networks are found to be superior to those of the manually selected cuts.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
An efficient and scalable process to produce morpholine-d8
Creators: name: Naidong Ye
name: Smith, Dan A.
name: J. Gregory Reid
name: Watson, David R.
name: Daga, Pankaj
name: Gottschling, Stephen E.
name: Duggan, Mark
name: Bürli, Roland W.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Incorporation of isotopes has long been used as a research tool to label carbons and elucidate biochemical pathways. More recently, H→D exchange has led to analogs of therapeutic agents with improved metabolic stability and properties. Such compounds also have the potential for an improved drug/drug interaction profile and may even avoid the formation of toxic metabolites. Hence, a clear need for an efficient access to deuterated intermediates on large scale has emerged. In the context of an ongoing drug discovery program, we required large quantities of morpholine-d8. We herein report the successful optimization of a one-pot process allowing a near complete exchange of all methylene hydrogens in morpholine to deuterium atoms using D2O as the sole source of deuterium and Raney Nickel as catalyst. This facile and safe protocol will be used to scale up the synthesis of morpholine-d8 in due course.
Alternative surgical treatment for transposition of the great arteries
Creators: name: Sologashvili, Tornike
Publisher: name: Université de Genève
Year: 2020
Subjects: info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/617
TGA
Transposition on great arteries
VSD
Ventricular septal defect
LVOTO
Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction
Congenital cardiac surgery

description: Transposition of the great arteries (TGA) is a relatively common, yet complex congenital heart disease caused by an inversion of the origins of the two main vessels exiting the heart. This life-threatening condition includes several subtypes of cardiac malformations that range from relatively simple cases where this defect is isolated, to more complex ones associated with other cardiac anomalies. Surgery is the treatment of choice for these pathologies, but the high variability of anatomy demands a rigorous evaluation in order to choose the most appropriate surgical strategy for each individual patient. Along the years, various surgical procedures have been invented, allowing the repair of cases of increasing complexity. This thesis is a presentation of our personal experience in the management of TGA, where a new technique proposed by Yamagishi et al. in 2003 is exposed, with some modifications, in the context of the currently used techniques. We will also propose a new approach in the choice of strategy.
Additional file 1: of Identification of new progestogen-associated networks in mammalian ovulation using bioinformatics
Creators: name: Yang, Fang
name: Wang, Meng
name: Zhang, Baoyun
name: Xiang, Wei
name: Zhang, Ke
name: Chu, Mingxin
name: Wang, Pingqing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Figure S1. The significant modules in the protein-protein interaction network with MCODE. Nodes denoted proteins (genes). In specific, the yellow denoted seed proteins; the red denoted the up-regulated proteins; and the green denoted down-regulated proteins; the width of edges was determined according to the combined score of the protein-protein interaction relationships. Abbreviation: MCODE, Molecular Complex Detection. (DOCX 115Â kb)
Furvina inhibits the 3-oxo-C12-HSL-based quorum sensing system of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and QS-dependent phenotypes
Creators: name: Borges, Anabela
name: Sousa, Pedro
name: Gaspar, Alexandra
name: Vilar, Santiago
name: Borges, Fernanda
name: Simões, Manuel
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Disruption of cell–cell communication or quorum sensing (QS) is considered a stimulating approach for reducing bacterial pathogenicity and resistance. Although several QS inhibitors (QSIs) have been discovered so far their clinical use remains distant. This problem can be circumvented by searching for QSI among drugs already approved for the treatment of different diseases. In this context, antibiotics have earned special attention. Whereas at high concentrations antibiotics exert a killing effect, at lower concentrations they may act as signaling molecules and as such can modulate gene expression. In this study, the antibiotic furvina was shown to be able to cause inhibition of the 3-oxo-C12-HSL-dependent QS system of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Furvina interacts with the LasI/LasR system. The data were validated by modeling studies. Furvina can also reduce biofilm formation and decrease the production of QS-controlled virulence factors.
title: BEE-STEWARD - Resource gaps pose the greatest threat for bumblebees colony establishment – but there are solutions
Creators: name: Becher, Matthias
name: Twiston-Davies, Grace
name: Osborne, Juliet
name: Lander, Tonya
name: Lückmann, Johannes
name: Schmolke, Amelie
name: Jakoby, Oliver
Publisher: name: Bundesbehörden und Einrichtungen im Geschäftsbereich des Bundesministeriums für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft (BMEL)
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: 630

description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv, vol. 481Hazards of pesticides to bees, 16th International Symposium of the ICP-PR Bee Protection Group, - Proceedings -; 15th - 17th October, 2024; Sevilla (Spain), p. 85
Additional file 2: of Identification of new progestogen-associated networks in mammalian ovulation using bioinformatics
Creators: name: Yang, Fang
name: Wang, Meng
name: Zhang, Baoyun
name: Xiang, Wei
name: Zhang, Ke
name: Chu, Mingxin
name: Wang, Pingqing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Table S1. Four genes information from analysis of Cluster One. (DOCX 13Â kb)