cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Prenatal complications are associated with the postnatal airway host response and microbiota in intubated preterm infants
Creators: name: Wagner, Brandie D.
name: Sontag, Marci K.
name: J. Kirk Harris
name: Miller, Joshua I.
name: Morrow, Lindsey
name: Robertson, Charles E.
name: Stephens, Mark J.
name: Poindexter, Brenda B.
name: Abman, Steven H.
name: Mourani, Peter M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Purpose: To prospectively examine the relationship between prenatal events, postnatal airway host response and microbiota, and clinical outcomes. Materials and methods: Tracheal aspirates collected at seven days of age from 71 mechanically ventilated infants (median gestational age (GA), 25 weeks [range 23–28]) were simultaneously processed for a 12-plex protein assay and bacterial identification by 16S rRNA sequencing. Phenotypes were determined by unsupervised clustering of the protein analytes. Subject characteristics, microbial communities and clinical factors and outcomes were compared across the phenotype groups. Results: Three clusters were identified: 1 (high protein levels), 2 (high proinflammatory proteins and low anti-inflammatory proteins), and 3 (low protein levels), respectively. Antenatal hemorrhage was most common in cluster 1, while chorioamnionitis characterized cluster 2 and preeclampsia was most prevalent in cluster 3, which was characterized by a predominance of Staphylococcus and relative absence of Ureaplasma. There were higher rates of adverse clinical outcomes in cluster 1. Conclusions: Airway protein profiles in seven days old mechanically ventilated preterm infants are associated with important antenatal events and unique airway microbial communities. These relationships may reveal new mechanisms by which antenatal events impact the course and outcomes of preterm infants.
Strange metallicity in the doped Hubbard model
Creators: name: Huang, Edwin W.
name: Sheppard, Ryan
name: Moritz, Brian
name: Devereaux, Thomas P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strange or bad metallic transport, defined by its incompatibility with conventional quasiparticle pictures, is a theme common to strongly correlated materials and ubiquitous in many high temperature superconductors. The Hubbard model represents a minimal starting point for modeling strongly correlated systems. Here we demonstrate strange metallic transport in the doped two-dimensional Hubbard model using determinantal quantum Monte Carlo calculations. Over a wide range of doping, we observe resistivities exceeding the Mott-Ioffe-Regel limit with linear temperature dependence. The temperatures of our calculations extend to as low as 1/40 the non-interacting bandwidth, placing our findings in the degenerate regime relevant to experimental observations of strange metallicity. Our results provide a foundation for connecting theories of strange metals to models of strongly correlated materials.
Understanding how health systems providing ART in sub-Saharan Africa can generate even greater health benefits for their communities
Creators: name: Olney, Jack Joshua
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: With the rapid scale up of testing and treatment for HIV, morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa have decreased dramatically. However, current treatment programmes providing ART are not maximally effective: they fail to identify infected individuals in a timely manner, resulting in millions of new infections and AIDS-related deaths per year. This thesis investigates why care programmes in sub-Saharan Africa do not succeed in achieving the full potential effects of ART – on both the risk of death and of onward transmission – and what can be done about it. I begin by exploring current treatment programmes using a framework known as the “Cascade of Care”, before detailing the development of an individual-based model that is able to track patients through care in western Kenya. I conclude that weaknesses exist throughout, attenuating the impact of individual interventions. However, a combination of interventions can improve patient outcomes more efficiently. I then find that through temporal and structural enhancements to the timing of home-based counselling and testing rounds, the UNAIDS 90-90-90 targets (90% of people with HIV diagnosed, 90% of those on treatment, and 90% of them virally suppressed) can be met by 2020. Finally, I explore the deficiencies in care across multiple countries utilising a simplified model encapsulating the concepts of the original but suitable for use with routinely available data. Overall, I conclude that current ART programmes in sub-Saharan Africa are not maximally effective due to deficiencies throughout care. However, I find that combinations of interventions targeting multiple aspects of care provide greater health outcomes (for a given cost) than “wide-scale test and treat” without accompanying fixes to the cascade, or interventions acting independently. International guidance for countries implementing ART programmes should recommend strengthening care across the cascade to generate greater patient outcomes and achieve international targets.
Understanding Catalyst Layer Morphologies and Degradation and their Impact on Critical Oxygen Transport in PEMFC Cathodes
Creators: name: Braaten, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells or PEMFCs are a promising technology to address the need for electrification of the US and world automotive fleets. They are well-suited to vehicles requiring longer range and higher power operation like semis, delivery trucks, and traditional fleet vehicles as a result of fuel cells' innate decoupling of energy conversion from storage, allowing the power generating fuel cell stack and fuel tank to be scaled independently as needed for range and/or power. However, PEMFC technology remains more expensive than the incumbent internal combustion engine as a result of PEMFCs' reliance on platinum (Pt) for the catalysts in their anodes and cathodes, making up roughly 40% of the overall stack cost at high production volumes. Pt does not benefit from economies of scale due to its pure raw material costs and thus there have been widespread efforts to reduce Pt loadings to levels consistent with the Pt usage in catalytic converters for internal combustion engine vehicles. With these efforts to reduce Pt, significant performance losses have been observed due to hindered reactant transport, specifically oxygen (O2), and catalyst degradation andultimately Pt loss has occurred. In this dissertation, we outline five efforts aimed at better understanding and evaluating Pt-based catalyst degradation and the impacts on performance as well as addressing the need for improved O2 transport to the catalyst surface that has traditionally hindered high power performance. Specifically, we studied Pt and Pt-alloy catalyst and carbon support degradation for state-of-the-art catalyst layers (CLs) using our nanoscale X-ray computed tomography (nano-CT) imaging technique. We then evaluated the impacts of leached cationsfrom unstable and degraded catalysts as well as other common contaminants on the O2 transport properties of the ionomer that covers the catalyst surface and studied the migration and accumulation of such cations within the CL in-operando using a novel X-ray conducive PEMFC in a hydrogen (H2) pump configuration. In the final efforts of this dissertation, we examined the fundamental transport of O2 through water-filled nanopores that are common in state-of-the-art carbon supports and integrated a novel high oxygen permeable ionomer (HOPI) with state-of-the-art CLs to improve PEMFC performance at low and high power,corresponding to improvement in heavy duty PEMFC vehicle efficiency and total available power.
Gradient-based closed-loop quantum optimal control in a solid-state two-qubit system
Creators: name: Feng, Guanru
name: Cho, Franklin H.
name: Katiyar, Hemant
name: Li, Jun
name: Lu, Dawei
name: Baugh, Jonathan
name: Laflamme, Raymond
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum optimal control can play a crucial role to realize a set of universal quantum logic gates with error rates below the threshold required for fault-tolerance. Open-loop quantum optimal control relies on accurate modeling of the quantum system under control, and does not scale efficiently with system size. These problems can be avoided in closed-loop quantum optimal control, which utilizes feedback from the system to improve control fidelity. In this paper, two gradient-based closed-loop quantum optimal control algorithms, the hybrid quantum-classical approach (HQCA) described in [Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 150503 (2017)] and the finite-difference (FD) method, are experimentally investigated and compared to the open-loop quantum optimal control utilizing the gradient ascent method. We employ a solid-state ensemble of coupled electron-nuclear spins serving as a two-qubit system. Specific single-qubit and two-qubit state preparation gates are optimized using the closed-loop and open-loop methods. The experimental results demonstrate the implemented closed-loop quantum control outperforms the open-loop control in our system. Furthermore, simulations reveal that HQCA is more robust than the FD method to gradient noise which originates from measurement noise in this experimental setting. On the other hand, the FD method is more robust to control field distortions coming from non-ideal hardware
title: Impact of Uncertainties on the Design and Cost of CCS From a Waste-to-Energy Plant
Creators: name: Roussanaly, Simon
name: Ouassou, Jabir A.
name: Anantharaman, Rahul
name: Haaf, Martin
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2024

description: Uncertainties are an inherent and important element of novel systems with limited large-scale industrial experience and must be taken into account in order to enable the design of cost-efficient energy systems. This paper investigates the optimal design of carbon capture and storage from a waste-to-energy plant under uncertainties. With the aim of providing a better understanding of the impact of uncertainties on the design and cost of CCS chains, as well as the capture technology selection, the case of a hypothetical 40 MW waste-to-energy plant located in Norway is considered. The impact of key technical and cost uncertainties on the cost of different CO₂ capture and CCS chain options are investigated using an in-house techno-economic CCS assessment tool combined with an uncertainty quantification framework. When the different capture options are compared on a deterministic basis, the advanced amine yields the best performances (CO₂ avoidance cost of 153 €/tCO₂, avoided), followed by the membrane process based on partial capture (200 €/tCO₂, avoided) and MEA-based capture (217 €/tCO₂, avoided). However, in contrast with the advanced amine, the partial capture considered in the membrane process does not enable net negative CO₂ emissions. Once technical and cost uncertainties are taken into account, the advanced amine-based capture remains the best option, however the MEA-based capture outperform the membrane process. Finally, the stochastic optimization showed that the uncertainties considered do not impact the optimal capture capacity in this case. The full CCS chain perspective is then included through two chain options: a nearby offshore saline aquifer or an offshore CO₂ EOR storage located further away. The EOR-based chain leads to the best performances (187 vs. 202 €/tCO₂, avoided) both on a deterministic basis and when different uncertainty scenarios are considered. However, as a shared transport and storage infrastructure is considered, uncertainty regarding the amount of CO₂ coming from nearby industries leads to a different optimal design of the chain (pipeline diameter and ship capacity). Finally, uncertainties on the EOR response to CO₂ injection can significantly reduce the potential of the CO₂ EOR-based chain and lead to cases in which the saline aquifer-based chain would be optimal.
Material Science outreach activities - Edinburgh International Science Festival 2018 - Nature Matters Workshop
Creators: name: Foglino, Martina
name: Roullet, Marion
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 20405 Soft Condensed Matter
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Education

description: Booklet prepared for a material science hands-on workshop at the Edinburgh Intermational Science Festival 2018. It describes the activities presented to children (age 8-12) during the event and can be used as a source of inspiration.For more details about the acitivities, please contact the authors.
title: Challenges and Perspectives in Chemical Synthesis of Highly Hydrophobic Peptides
Creators: name: Mueller, Lena K.
name: Baumruck, Andreas C.
name: Zhdanova, Hanna
name: Tietze, Alesia A.
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2024

description: Solid phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) provides the possibility to chemically synthesize peptides and proteins. Applying the method on hydrophilic structures is usually without major drawbacks but faces extreme complications when it comes to "difficult sequences." These includes the vitally important, ubiquitously present and structurally demanding membrane proteins and their functional parts, such as ion channels, G-protein receptors, and other pore-forming structures. Standard synthetic and ligation protocols are not enough for a successful synthesis of these challenging sequences. In this review we highlight, summarize and evaluate the possibilities for synthetic production of "difficult sequences" by SPPS, native chemical ligation (NCL) and follow-up protocols.
Possible Analogues of Cognitive Processes in the Patterns of X-ray Variability of the Rapid Burster
Creators: name: Lefebvre, Vladimir A.
name: Efremov, Yuri N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The bizarre patterns of rapid flashes and bursts in the X-ray source MXB 1730-335 (Rapid Burster) have been puzzling researchers for two decades; especially intriguing are its peculiarities in the time-invariant decay profiles of many type II bursts of the Rapid Burster. We have discovered that they are similar to certain regularities found in cognitive psychology, suggesting an analogy between the activity of the Rapid Burster and the cognitive activity of the human mind.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
Delphinus orca Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Cetacea
Delphinidae
Delphinus
Delphinus orca

description: Delphinus orca [spec. nov.]
D. rostro sursum repando, dentibus latis serratis. Art. gen. 76. syn. 106. Faun. svec. 267. Syst. nat. 39. n. 3.
Orca. Bell. pisc. 18. Rond. pisc. 483. Gesn. pisc. 635. Will. icht. 40.
Balaena minor, utraque maxilla dentata. Raj. pisc. 15.
Habitat in Oceano Europaeo.
Siren Barth. cent. 2. obs. 11. t. 188. e Brasilia Cultro anatomico Leydae subjecta, mihi paradoxa ob Aures exstantes, Collumque angustum in aquatico Mammali, nec a peregrinatoribus ulterius confirmata.
CLASSIS II.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on pages 77-78, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Solar-bound weakly interacting massive particles: a no-frills phenomenology
Creators: name: Collar, Juan I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The case for a stable population of solar-bound Earth-crossing Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) is reviewed. A practical general expression for their speed distribution in the laboratory frame is derived under basic assumptions. If such a population exists -even with a conservative phase-space density-, the next generation of large-mass, low-threshold underground bolometers should bring about a sizable enhancement in WIMP sensitivity. Finally, a characteristic yearly modulation in their recoil signal, arising from the ellipticity of the Earth's orbit, is presented.
description: Final version, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D. (16 pages, including 4 figures, gzipped postscript)
Modelling the Nonlinear Gravitational Clustering in the Expanding Universe
Creators: name: Padmanabhan, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gravitational clustering of collisionless particles in an expanding universe is modelled using some simple physical ideas. I show that it is indeed possible to understand the nonlinear clustering in terms of three well defined regimes: (1) linear regime (2) quasilinear regime which is dominated by scale-invariant radial infall and (3) nonlinear regime dominated by nonradial motions and mergers. Modelling each of these regimes separately I show how the nonlinear two point correlation function can be related to the linear correlation function in heirarchical models. This analysis leads to results which are in good agreement with numerical simulations thereby providing an explanation for numerical results. The ideas presented here will also serve as a powerful anlytical tool to investigate nonlinear clustering in different models. Several implications of the result are discussed.
description: LaTeX, 4 pages, 1 figure enclosed as a uuencoded postscript file, uses MN.sty and epsf.sty
Weyl systems: anomalous transport normally explained
Creators: name: Morawetz, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The chiral kinetic theory is derived from exact spinor mean field equations without symmetry-breaking terms for large classes of SU(2) systems with spin-orbit coupling. The influence of the Wigner function's off-diagonal elements is worked out. The decoupling of the diagonal elements renormalizes the drift according to Berry connection which is found as an expression of the meanfield, spin-orbit coupling and magnetic field. As special limit, Weyl systems are considered. The anomalous term $\sim\V E\V B$ in the balance of the chiral density appears consequently by an underlying conserving theory. The experimental observations of this term and the anomalous magneto-transport in solid-sate physics usually described by chiral kinetic theory are therefore not a unique signal for mixed axial-gravitational or triangle anomaly and no signal for the breaking of Lorentz-invariance. The source of the anomalous term is by two thirds the divergence of Berry curvature at zero momentum which can be seen as Dirac monopole and by one third the Dirac sea at infinite momentum. During the derivation of the chiral kinetic theory this source by the Dirac sea is transferred exclusively to the Dirac monopole due to the projection of the spinor Wigner functions to the chiral basis. The dynamical result is shown to suppress the anomalous term by two thirds.
A new method for accurate velocity statistics estimation
Creators: name: Bernardeau, Francis
name: van de Weygaert, Rien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce two new methods to obtain reliable velocity field statistics from N-body simulations, or indeed from any general density and velocity fluctuation field sampled by discrete points. These methods, the {\it Voronoi tessellation method} and {\it Delaunay tessellation method}, are based on the use of the Voronoi and Delaunay tessellations of the point distribution defined by the locations at which the velocity field is sampled. In the Voronoi method the velocity is supposed to be uniform within the Voronoi polyhedra, whereas the Delaunay method constructs a velocity field by linear interpolation between the four velocities at the locations defining each Delaunay tetrahedron. The most important advantage of these methods is that they provide an optimal estimator for determining the statistics of volume-averaged quantities, as opposed to the available numerical methods that mainly concern mass-averaged quantities. As the major share of the related analytical work on velocity field statistics has focussed on volume-averaged quantities, the availability of appropriate numerical estimators is of crucial importance for checking the validity of the analytical perturbation calculations. In addition, it allows us to study the statistics of the velocity field in the highly nonlinear clustering regime. Although in most cases both the Voronoi and the Delaunay method lead to equally good velocity field estimates, the Delaunay method may be slightly preferable. In particular it performs considerably better at small radii. Note that it is more CPU-time intensive while its requirement for memory space is almost a factor 8 lower than the Voronoi method.
description: 29 pages Plain Tex source file. UUencoded compressed postscript file of manuscript including the figures available by anonymous ftp to ftp://ibm-3.mpa-garching.mpg.de/incoming/weygaert/vstatvordel.uu Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Magnetic reconnection exhausts in the solar wind
Creators: name: Mistry, Rishi
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: The restructuring of magnetic fields in plasmas through the process of magnetic reconnection is important in laboratory experiments, magnetospheres and many astrophysical systems. In-situ observations of reconnection processes in the near-Earth environment provide an excellent opportunity to probe the physics of magnetic reconnection. In the solar wind, reconnection between interplanetary magnetic fields accelerates and heats solar wind plasma, generating large exhaust structures which may be intercepted by spacecraft. In this thesis solar wind reconnection exhausts are probed using in-situ measurements from multiple spacecraft. A statistical survey of 188 exhausts is used to determine their average properties and show that the plasma density and temperature of the reconnection exhaust depends on the plasma beta and reconnection guide field. Whilst the ion temperature is found to depend on the plasma Alfv\'en speed (as has been previously demonstrated), we show that this scaling is more tenuous in the presence of strong guide fields. Comparisons of measurements between multiple spacecraft for three different events shows that the structure of the reconnection current sheet changes with increasing distance downstream of the reconnection site. Additionally, measurements of solar wind exhausts often differ considerably between different events. We show that much of this variability may be attributed to different inflow region conditions, the magnetic shear angle and the distance downstream of the X-line at which the exhaust is observed. In addition to their average properties, less frequently observed properties of reconnection exhausts are presented. Hall physics is observed for the first time in solar wind exhausts, which is confirmed through quantitative comparisons with an appropriately scaled fully kinetic particle-in-cell simulation. These measurements indicate that narrow regions of kinetic physics can persist thousands of ion inertial lengths downstream of the reconnection site. Additionally, multi-spacecraft measurements are used for a case study event to reveal the small-scale three dimensional structure of a reconnection exhaust, indicating that whilst exhausts may be planar on large scales, they may also exhibit small scale structure.
Measuring CP violation in $b\to cτ^-\barν_τ$ using excited charm mesons
Creators: name: Aloni, Daniel
name: Grossman, Yuval
name: Soffer, Abner
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is growing evidence for deviation from the standard model predictions in the ratios between semi-tauonic and semi-leptonic $B$ decays, known as the $R(D^{(*)})$ puzzle. If the source of this non-universality is new physics, it is natural to assume that it also breaks CP symmetry. In this paper we study the possibility of measuring CP violation in semi-tauonic $B$ decays, exploiting interference between excited charm mesons. Given the current values of $R(D^{(*)})$, we find that our proposed CP-violation observable could be as large as about 10%. We discuss the experimental advantages of our method and propose carrying it out at Belle II and LHCb.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures
Novel cardiovascular magnetic resonance phenotyping of the myocardium
Creators: name: McGill, Laura-Ann
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: INTRODUCTION Left ventricular (LV) microstructure is unique, composed of a winding helical pattern of myocytes and rotating aggregations of myocytes called sheetlets. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a cardiovascular disease characterised by left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), however the link between LVH and underlying microstructural aberration is poorly understood. In vivo cardiovascular diffusion tensor imaging (cDTI) is a novel cardiovascular MRI (CMR) technique, capable of characterising LV microstructural dynamics non-invasively. In vivo cDTI may therefore improve our understanding microstructural-functional relationships in health and disease. METHODS AND RESULTS The monopolar diffusion weighted stimulated echo acquisition mode (DW-STEAM) sequence was evaluated for in vivo cDTI acquisitions at 3Tesla, in healthy volunteers (HV), patients with hypertensive LVH, and HCM patients. Results were contextualised in relation to extensively explored technical limitations. cDTI parameters demonstrated good intra-centre reproducibility in HCM, and good inter-centre reproducibility in HV. In all subjects, cDTI was able to depict the winding helical pattern of myocyte orientation known from histology, and the transmural rate of change in myocyte orientation was dependent on LV size and thickness. In HV, comparison of cDTI parameters between systole and diastole revealed an increase in transmural gradient, combined with a significant re-orientation of sheetlet angle. In contrast, in HCM, myocyte gradient increased between phases, however sheetlet angulation retained a systolic-like orientation in both phases. Combined analysis with hypertensive patients revealed a proportional decrease in sheetlet mobility with increasing LVH. CONCLUSION In vivo DW-STEAM cDTI can characterise LV microstructural dynamics non-invasively. The transmural rate of change in myocyte angulation is dependent on LV size and wall thickness, however inter phase changes in myocyte orientation are unaffected by LVH. In contrast, sheetlet dynamics demonstrate increasing dysfunction, in proportion to the degree of LVH. Resolving technical limitations is key to advancing this technique, and improving the understanding of the role of microstructural abnormalities in cardiovascular disease expression.
Optical Polarization of 52 Radio-Loud QSOs and BL Lac Objects
Creators: name: Visvanathan, Natarajan
name: Wills, Beverley J.
name: .
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polarization measurements are presented for 52 radio-loud QSOs and BL Lac objects. For 9 highly polarized (p >3%) AGN, these are the first published polarization measurements. Of these 9, 7 are highly-polarized QSOs (HPQs), one is a BL Lac object and another is a likely BL Lac object. Polarization variability is confirmed for some of these new and previously known highly-polarized AGN. While 6 of the HPQs have flat radio spectra are almost certainly blazars, PKS 1452-217 is probably a new member of the rare class of radio-loud QSOs that show high polarization by scattering, and is therefore important for testing orientation Unified Schemes. In competition for the highest redshift HPQ are the well-observed QSO PKS 0438-43 at z = 2.85, with maximum p = 4.7%, and PKS 0046-315 at z = 2.72, for which we find p = 13%.
description: 6 pages. Astronomical Journal, in press
Columbus Linnaeus, 1758, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Columbiformes
Columbidae
Columbus

description: Columbus [gen. nov.]
IV. GRALLAE.
V. GALLINAE.
VI. PASSERES.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on pages 84-85, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Fast long-range state transfer in quantum dot arrays via shortcuts to adiabaticity
Creators: name: Ban, Yue
name: Chen, Xi
name: Platero, Gloria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rapid and efficient preparation, manipulation and transfer of quantum states through an array of quantum dots (QDs) is a demanding requisite task for quantum information processing and quantum computation in solid-state physics. Conventional adiabatic protocols, as coherent transfer by adiabatic passage (CTAP) and its variations, provide slow transfer prone to decoherence, which could lower the fidelity to some extent. To achieve the robustness against decoherence, we propose a protocol of speeding up the adiabatic charge transfer in multi-QD systems, sharing the concept of "Shortcuts to Adiabaticity" (STA). We first apply the STA techniques, including the counterdiabatic driving and inverse engineering, to speed up the direct (long range) transfer between edge dots in triple QDs. Then, we extend our analysis to a multi-dot system. We show how by implementing the modified pulses, fast adiabatic-like charge transport between the outer dots can be eventually achieved without populating intermediate dots. We discuss as well the dependence of the transfer fidelity on the operation time in the presence of dephasing. The proposed protocols for accelerating adiabatic charge transfer directly between the outer dots in a QD array offers a robust mechanism for quantum information processing, by minimizing decoherence and relaxation processes.
title: УПРАВЛЕНИЕ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИМИ СИСТЕМАМИ РЕГИОНА — СТАНОВЛЕНИЕ ЦИФРОВОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ
title: Статья
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Акперов, И.Г.
name: Храмов, В.В.
Publisher: name: "Южный Университет (ИУБиП)"
Year: 2020
Subjects: СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ СИСТЕМА
КЛАСТЕР
СЛОЖНАЯ СИСТЕМА
СИСТЕМА СИСТЕМ
ИНТЕРОПЕРАБЕЛЬНОСТЬ
СЕМАНТИЧЕСКАЯ ТРИАНГУЛЯЦИЯ

Abstract
The Near-Infrared Fundamental Plane of Elliptical Galaxies
Creators: name: Pahre, M. A.
name: Djorgovski, S. G.
name: de Carvalho, R. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from a near-infrared $K$-band imaging survey of 59 elliptical galaxies in five nearby clusters. We measure photometric parameters for each galaxy using surface photometry and draw velocity dispersions from the literature. Three observables define a near-infrared Fundamental Plane (FP) of elliptical galaxies with $R_e \propto σ^{1.44\pm0.04} Σ_e^{-0.79\pm0.04}$. The scatter in the near-infrared relation is small at $16.5$\% in distance, which is equivalent to, or less than, the scatter of the optical FP. We suggest that the small deviation of the near-infrared FP relation from the optical FP is due to the reduction of metallicity effects in the near-infrared bandpass. While the small scatter of the optical FP could be consistent with compensating effects of age and metallicity, the similarly small scatter of the near-infrared FP is nearly independent of metallicity and hence places a strong constraint on possible age spreads among elliptical galaxies at every point along the FP. We suggest that the departure of the near-infrared FP from the pure virial form $R_e \propto σ^2 Σ_e^{-1}$, and the corresponding observed relation $\left( M/L \right) \propto M^{0.16\pm 0.01}$, may be explained by slight systematic departures of the structure and dynamics of elliptical galaxies from a homology.
description: to appear in The Astrophysical Journal (Letters); 12 pages, including 2 Postscript figures and 1 table; uuencoded, compressed format; the paper is also available in various formats from http://astro.caltech.edu/~map/map.bibliography.refereed.html
ASCA and Ginga Observations of GX 1+4
Creators: name: Kotani, Taro
name: Dotani, Tadayasu
name: Nagase, Fumiaki
name: Greenhill, John G.
name: Pravdo, Steven H.
name: Angelini, Lorella
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The X-ray binary pulsar GX 1+4 was observed with Ginga every year from 1987 to 1991, and with ASCA in 1994. During the Ginga observations, GX 1+4 was in the steady spindown phase, while the X-ray flux was not steady. The X-ray luminosity decreased down to L = 2.7\times10^{36} erg s^{-1} in 1991, after the peak activity of L = 1.2\times10^{37} erg s^{-1} in 1989. On the other hand, the absorption column density showed a drastic increase over the Ginga observation series. It reached a maximum of 1.4\times10^{24} cm^{-2} in 1991, indicating a rapid accumulation of matter in the vicinity of the source. The ASCA observation was performed on 1994/09/15, a month before the transition into a spinup phase. The source brightened again to L = 10^{37} erg s^{-1}. The absorption column density was observed to decrease for the first time to 2\times10^{23} cm^{-2}. The ionization degree of iron in the absorbing matter was determined to be Fe I--Fe IV using the ratio of the line-center energy to the absorption-edge energy. The low ionization degree is consistent with an absorbing matter distribution extending 10^{12} cm from the source. We compared the results with optical observations, and found the optical data also supports the picture. Based on the geometrical model, possible causes of the bimodal behavior of the source are discussed.
description: 32 pages, 8 postscript figures, accepted for ApJ, 1 Jan 99, Vol 510, No. 1, also available from http://cosmic.riken.go.jp/kotani
MultiNet: A Scalable Multilayer Network Embedding Framework
Creators: name: Bagavathi, Arunkumar
name: Krishnan, Siddharth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Representation learning of networks has witnessed significant progress in recent times. Such representations have been effectively used for classic network-based machine learning tasks like node classification, link prediction, and network alignment. However, very few methods focus on capturing representations for multiplex or multilayer networks, which are more accurate and detailed representations of complex networks. In this work, we propose Multi-Net a fast and scalable embedding technique for multiplex networks. Multi-Net, effectively maps nodes to a lower-dimensional space while preserving its neighborhood properties across all the layers. We utilize four random walk strategies in our unified network embedding model, thus making our approach more robust than existing state-of-the-art models. We demonstrate superior performance of Multi-Net on four real-world datasets from different domains. In particular, we highlight the uniqueness of Multi-Net by leveraging it for the complex task of network reconstruction.
description: Draft version of the paper accepted in 7th International Conference on Complex Networks and their Applications
Magnetic excitations in bulk multiferroic two-dimensional triangular lattice antiferromagnet (Lu,Sc)FeO$_3$
Creators: name: Leiner, J. C.
name: Kim, Taehun
name: Park, Kisoo
name: Oh, Joosung
name: Perring, T. G.
name: Walker, H. C.
name: Xu, X.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Cheong, S. -W.
name: Park, Je-Geun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-collinear two-dimensional triangular lattice antiferromagnets (2D TLAF) are currently an area of very active research due to their unique magnetic properties, which lead to non-trivial quantum effects that experimentally manifest themselves in the spin excitation spectra. Recent examples of such insulating 2D TLAF include (Y,Lu)MnO$_3$, LiCrO$_2$, and CuCrO$_2$. Hexagonal LuFeO3 is a recently synthesized 2D TLAF which exhibits properties of an ideal multiferroic material, partially because of the high spin ($S=5/2$) and strong magnetic super-exchange interactions. We report the full range of spin dynamics in a bulk single crystal of (Lu$_{0.6}$Sc$_{0.4}$)FeO$_3$ (Sc doping to stabilize the hexagonal structure) measured via time-of-flight inelastic neutron scattering. Modeling with linear spin wave theory yields a nearest neighbor exchange coupling of $J$ = 4.0(2) meV (DFT calculations for $h$-LuFeO$_3$ predicted a value of 6.31 meV) and anisotropy values of $K_D$ = 0.17(1) meV (easy plane) and $K_A$~=~-0.05(1)~meV (local easy axis). It is observed that the magnon bandwidth of the spin wave spectra is twice as large for $h$-(Lu,Sc)FeO$_3$ as it is for $h$-LuMnO$_3$.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
A cloth can hear your heartbeat
Creators: name: Rumon, md abdullah al
name: Sarker, Jahid
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 91205 Functional Materials
subject: FOS: Materials engineering
subject: 91299 Materials Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: 90609 Signal Processing
subject: 91012 Textile Technology

description: Technical Textile is becoming a roaring field nowadays. Fiber, yarn, fabrics and other structures with functional and technical properties engaged as an alternative material with a limitless range of applications. Generally the word “smart material” that refers those that can sense and response in a controlled and predicted manner to environment stimuli that may got from mechanical, chemical, thermal, magnetic or other form. Photo plethysmography principle was applied in this experiment. A Nano rigid sensor combined with ordinary woven fabric and then signal was analyzed to get a cumulative and observable sketch.

Full paper: https://www.textiletoday.com.bd/cloth-can-hear-heartbeat/
Constraints on Binary Black Hole Populations from LIGO-Virgo Detections
Creators: name: Roulet, Javier
name: Zaldarriaga, Matias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reanalyse the LIGO-Virgo strain data of the 10 binary black hole mergers reported to date and compute the likelihood function in terms of chirp mass, mass ratio and effective spin. We discuss the strong degeneracy between mass ratio and spin for the three lighter events. We use this likelihood and an estimate of the horizon volume as a function of intrinsic parameters to constrain the properties of the population of merging binary black holes. The data disfavour large spins. Typical spins are constrained to $\overline a \lesssim 0.4$, even if the underlying population has randomly-oriented spins. For aligned spins the constraints are tighter, with typical spins required to be around $\overline a\sim 0.1$ and have comparable dispersion. We detect no statistically significant tendency towards a positive average spin in the direction of the orbital angular momentum. We put an upper limit on the fraction of systems where the secondary could have been tidally locked prior to the formation of the black holes (corresponding to merger times shorter than $10^8$ years) $f \lesssim 0.3$. Four events are consistent with having a maximally-spinning secondary, although one only marginally. We confirm previous findings that there is a hint of a cutoff at high mass. The data favour distributions of mass ratios with an average $\overline q \gtrsim 0.7$.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures. v2: Includes 4 more events, announced Dec 1 2018 by the LIGO and Virgo Collaborations. Matches version accepted for publication in MNRAS. Added appendix A clarifying our approach to selection bias
Accipitres Linnaeus, 1758, ord. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Accipitres

description: Accipitres [ord. nov.]
I. ACCIPITRES.
Rostrum e Mandibula superiore denticulum utrinque exserens.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 86, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
title: 01_0159
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
First-forbidden transitions in the reactor anomaly
Creators: name: Hayen, L.
name: Kostensalo, J.
name: Severijns, N.
name: Suhonen, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dominant forbidden transitions in the antineutrino spectra of the fission actinides from 4 MeV onward using the nuclear shell model. Through explicit calculation of the shape factor, taking into account Coulomb corrections, we show the expected changes on cumulative electron and antineutrino spectra. Compared to the usual allowed approximation this results in a minor decrease of electron spectra from 4 MeV and onward, whereas an increase of several percent is observed in antineutrino spectra. We show that, despite their limited number, forbidden transitions dominate the spectral flux for most of the experimentally accessible range. Based on the shell model calculations we attempt a parametrization of forbidden transitions and propose a spectral correction for all forbidden transitions. We enforce correspondence with the ILL dataset using a summation+conversion approach. When compared against modern reactor neutrino experiments, the resultant spectral change is observed to be of comparable magnitude and shape as the reported spectral shoulder, drastically decreasing the statistical significance of the latter.
description: Additional information regarding uncertainty estimation, extension of the final analysis to a summation+conversion approach
Heegaard Floer homology and link cobordisms
Creators: name: Marengon, Marco
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: The purpose of this thesis is to study link cobordisms. The main tool we use to do so is given by Juhász’s cobordism maps, although we sometimes make use of a recent construction by Zemke. Given a decorated link cobordism, that is, a link cobordism with additional structure, there is a map induced at the level of link Floer homology (HFL, also denoted HFK for knots). When X is a decorated concordance from K_0 to K_1, we prove that the cobordism map F preserves the natural bigrading of HFK, and that there is a morphism of spectral sequences from HFK(K_i) to HF(S^3) which agrees with F on the first page, and with the identity of HF(S^3) on the infinity page. We use this result to obstruct the existence of invertible concordances between given knots, and to define a non-vanishing element of HFK(K) associated to a slice disc for the knot K. We then give a full description of the maps induced by elementary decorated link cobordisms, which generate all decorated link cobordisms. In particular, we relate the map associated to a saddle cobordism to a skein exact triangle which generalises Ozsváth and Szabó’s oriented skein exact triangle in HFL to decorated links. Lastly, we use this description to prove that the TQFT defined by HFL on a category of unlinks and cobordisms between them agrees with Khovanov’s reduced TQFT.
Vultur Linnaeus, 1758, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Accipitriformes
Cathartidae
Vultur

description: Vultur [gen. nov.]
Rostrum rectum, apice aduncum.
Caput impenne, antice nuda cute.
Lingua bifida.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 86, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206