cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the impact of quantum computing technology on future developments in high-performance scientific computing
Creators: name: Möller, Matthias
name: Vuik, Cornelis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65Y10

description: Quantum computing technologies have become a hot topic in academia and industry receiving much attention and financial support from all sides. Building a quantum computer that can be used practically is in itself an outstanding challenge that has become the 'new race to the moon'. Next to researchers and vendors of future computing technologies, national authorities are showing strong interest in maturing this technology due to its known potential to break many of today's encryption techniques, which would have significant impact on our society. It is however quite likely that quantum computing has beneficial impact on many computational disciplines. In this article we describe our vision of future developments in scientific computing that would be enabled by the advent of software-programmable quantum computers. We thereby assume that quantum computers will form part of a hybrid accelerated computing platform like GPUs and co-processor cards do today. In particular, we address the potential of quantum algorithms to bring major breakthroughs in applied mathematics and its applications. Finally, we give several examples that demonstrate the possible impact of quantum-accelerated scientific computing on society.
description: 25 pages, 2 figures
Asymptotically flat extensions of CMC Bartnik data
Creators: name: Pacheco, Armando J. Cabrera
name: Cederbaum, Carla
name: McCormick, Stephen
name: Miao, Pengzi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53C20 (Primary), 83C99 (Secondary)

description: Let $g$ be a metric on the $2$-sphere $\mathbb{S}^2$ with positive Gaussian curvature and $H$ be a positive constant. Under suitable conditions on $(g, H)$, we construct smooth, asymptotically flat $3$-manifolds $M$ with non-negative scalar curvature, with outer-minimizing boundary isometric to $(\mathbb{S}^2, g)$ and having mean curvature $H$, such that near infinity $M$ is isometric to a spatial Schwarzschild manifold whose mass $m$ can be made arbitrarily close to a constant multiple of the Hawking mass of $(\mathbb{S}^2,g,H)$. Moreover, this constant multiplicative factor depends only on $(g, H)$ and tends to $1$ as $H$ tends to $0$. The result provides a new upper bound of the Bartnik mass associated to such boundary data.
description: 14 pages. v3: updated to agree with published version
Elasticity-based morphing technique and application to reduced-order modeling
Creators: name: Kabalan, Abbas
name: Casenave, Fabien
name: Bordeu, Felipe
name: Ehrlacher, Virginie
name: Ern, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The aim of this article is to introduce a new methodology for constructing morphings between shapes that have identical topology. The morphings are obtained by deforming a reference shape, through the resolution of a sequence of linear elasticity equations, onto every target shape. In particular, our approach does not assume any knowledge of a boundary parametrization, and the computation of the boundary deformation is not required beforehand. Furthermore, constraints can be imposed on specific points, lines and surfaces in the reference domain to ensure alignment with their counterparts in the target domain after morphing. Additionally, we show how the proposed methodology can be integrated in an offline and online paradigm, which is useful in reduced-order modeling involving variable shapes. This framework facilitates the efficient computation of the morphings in various geometric configurations, thus improving the versatility and applicability of the approach. The robustness and computational efficiency of the methodology is illustrated on two-dimensional test cases, including the regression problem of the drag and lift coefficients of airfoils of non-parameterized variable shapes.
Properties of spin 1/2 triangular lattice antiferromagnets: CuRE2Ge2O8 (RE=Y, La)
Creators: name: Cho, Hwanbeom
name: Kratochvilova, Marie
name: Sim, Hasung
name: Choi, Ki-Young
name: Kim, Choong Hyun
name: Paulsen, Carley
name: Avdeev, Maxim
name: Peets, Darren C.
name: Jo, Younghun
name: Lee, Sanghyun
name: Noda, Yukio
name: Lawler, Michael J.
name: Park, Je-Geun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We found new two-dimensional (2D) quantum (S=1/2) antiferromagnetic systems: CuRE2Ge2O8 (RE=Y and La). According to our analysis of high-resolution X-ray and neutron diffraction experiments, the Cu-network of CuRE2Ge2O8 (RE=Y and La) exhibits a 2D triangular lattice linked via weak bonds along the perpendicular b-axis. Our bulk characterizations from 0.08 to 400 K show that they undergo a long-range order at 0.51(1) and 1.09(4) K for the Y and La systems, respectively. Interestingly, they also exhibit field induced phase transitions. For theoretical understanding, we carried out the density functional theory (DFT) band calculations to find that they are typical charge-transfer-type insulators with a gap of Eg = 2 eV. Taken together, our observations make CuRE2Ge2O8 (RE=Y and La) additional examples of low-dimensional quantum spin triangular antiferromagnets with the low-temperature magnetic ordering.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, and 1 table
Standard Embeddings of Smooth Schubert Varieties in Rational Homogeneous Manifolds of Picard Number 1
Creators: name: Kim, Shin-Young
name: Park, Kyeong-Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14M15, 32M10, 53C30

description: Smooth Schubert varieties in rational homogeneous manifolds of Picard number 1 are horospherical varieties. We characterize standard embeddings of smooth Schubert varieties in rational homogeneous manifolds of Picard number 1 by means of varieties of minimal rational tangents. In particular, we mainly consider nonhomogeneous smooth Schubert varieties in symplectic Grassmannians and in the 20-dimensional $F_4$-homogeneous manifold associated to a short simple root.
description: 22 pages
DPS in CGC: HBT correlations in double inclusive photon production
Creators: name: Kovner, Alex
name: Rezaeian, Amir H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a technique to study double parton scattering (DPS) in the Color-Glass-Condensate (CGC) approach. We show that the cross-section of the DPS in the CGC approach is calculable in terms of new nonperturbative objects, generalized double transverse momentum-dependent parton distribution (2GTMD) functions. We investigate the production of pairs of prompt photons from two partons in the projectile hadron in high-energy proton-nucleus collisions. We show that even for independent partons in the projectile, the prompt photon correlation function exhibits Hanbury Brown and Twiss (HBT) correlations. The width of the HBT peak is controlled by the transverse distance between the parton of the pair, which is of the order of the proton size. Thus, the HBT measurements in two-particle production such as prompt photon pairs provide useful information about the nonperturbative 2GTMDs.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures; v2: results unchanged, notation clarified and corrected, references added. The version to appear in PRD
Citizenship education in the United Kingdom: Comparing England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales
Creators: name: Jerome, Lee
name: Britton, Alan
name: Emerson, Lesley
name: James, Sue
name: Milliken, Matthew
name: Sant, Edda
Publisher: name: JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education
Year: 2022

description: Highlights: • Comparative analysis across the UK to provide insights into different curriculum models. • Contextualised account of how citizenship education is defined and implemented. Purpose: In this country case study the authors undertake a comparative analysis of citizenship education across the four nations of the UK. The curriculum and contexts in England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland are first described. Then the article considers how each national example engages with fundamental expectations of citizenship education, specifically in relation to questions of citizenship status and the relationship between citizens and the state; political identity; and active citizenship processes. Approach: Drawing on the authors’ collective experience and insights into policy and practice in each nation, we started with a ‘generative conversation’ to identify key issues for inclusion in this case study. Findings: The article unearths a variety of constraints and problems, and situates these in a broader policyscape in which policy accretion and policy approximation generate a permissive culture, which has undermined the promise of citizenship education as an entitlement for all young people.
description: JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education, Bd. 21 Nr. 4 (2022)
Jet Substructure Studies with CMS Open Data
Creators: name: Tripathee, Aashish
name: Xue, Wei
name: Larkoski, Andrew
name: Marzani, Simone
name: Thaler, Jesse
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use public data from the CMS experiment to study the 2-prong substructure of jets. The CMS Open Data is based on 31.8/pb of 7 TeV proton-proton collisions recorded at the Large Hadron Collider in 2010, yielding a sample of 768,687 events containing a high-quality central jet with transverse momentum larger than 85 GeV. Using CMS's particle flow reconstruction algorithm to obtain jet constituents, we extract the 2-prong substructure of the leading jet using soft drop declustering. We find good agreement between results obtained from the CMS Open Data and those obtained from parton shower generators, and we also compare to analytic jet substructure calculations performed to modified leading-logarithmic accuracy. Although the 2010 CMS Open Data does not include simulated data to help estimate systematic uncertainties, we use track-only observables to validate these substructure studies.
description: 35 pages, 19 figures, 6 tables, source contains sample event and additional plots; v2: references updated and figure formatting improved; v3: approximate version to appear in PRD
Low-energy Effective Worldsheet theory of a non-Abelian vortex in high-density QCD Revisited: A regular gauge construction
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Chandrasekhar
name: Nitta, Muneto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Color symmetry is spontaneously broken in quark matter at high density as a consequence of di-quark condensations with exhibiting color superconductivity. Non-Abelian vortices or color magnetic flux tubes stably exist in the color-flavor locked phase at asymptotically high-density. The effective worldsheet theory of a single non-Abelian vortex was previously calculated in the singular gauge to obtain the ${\mathbb C}P^2$ model [ arXiv:0908.4470 , arXiv:0912.1352 ]. Here, we reconstruct the effective theory in a regular gauge without taking a singular gauge, confirming the previous results in the singular gauge. As a byproduct of our analysis, we find that non-Abelian vortices in high-density QCD do not suffer from any obstruction for the global definition of a symmetry breaking.
Social science education in Ukraine: Current state and challenges
Creators: name: Poznyak, Svitlana
name: Lokshyna, Olena
name: Zhadan, Iryna
Publisher: name: JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education
Year: 2022

description: Highlights • the goal of school social science education is development of learners’ civic and social competencies; • social and civic competencies are defined in the framework of universal values, national and European identity, patriotism, democracy and sustainable development; • the school social science education is undergoing a reform within the New Ukrainian School strategy; • the key challenge relates to better provision for the competency-based learning by competency inventory and application of the integrative approach to teaching. Purpose: The paper provides an overview of the current state of school social science education in Ukraine, whose development is considered in the context of its internal and external challenges. Design/methodology/approach: The analysis of the regulatory documents, school social science curriculum and course syllabi as well as publications and interviews with the stakeholders are the methods applied to identify the mission, content and current challenges of social science education. Findings: The underlying concept is based on universal human, European and national values, respect for Ukrainian traditions and the traditions of other cultures and ethnic groups, principles of democracy, human rights and freedoms. Being a dynamic area of education, school social science is undergoing a transformation under the New Ukrainian School reform focusing on competency based integrative approach to education. The Russian military aggression against the country is another transformation factor that is currently being addressed.
description: JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education, Bd. 21 Nr. 4 (2022)
VLA-COSMOS 3GHz Large Project: The infrared-radio correlation of star-forming galaxies and AGN to $z\lesssim6$
Creators: name: Delhaize, J.
name: Smolcic, V.
name: Delvecchio, I.
name: Novak, M.
name: Sargent, M.
name: Baran, N.
name: Magnelli, B.
name: Zamorani, G.
name: Schinnerer, E.
name: Murphy, E. J.
name: Aravena, M.
name: Berta, S.
name: Bondi, M.
name: Capak, P.
name: Ciliegi, P.
name: Civano, F.
name: Ilbert, O.
name: Karim, A.
name: Laigle, C.
name: Fevre, O. Le
name: Marchesi, S.
name: McCracken, H. J.
name: Salvato, M.
name: Seymour, N.
name: Tasca, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the behaviour of the infrared-radio correlation (IRRC) over the range $0
description: 17 pages, 22 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in A&A
Grasping the concept of value: Exploring students’ economic and financial literacy in citizenship education
Creators: name: Björklund, Mattias
name: Tväråna, Malin
name: Jägerskog, Ann-Sofie
name: Strandberg, Max
Publisher: name: JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education
Year: 2022

description: Purpose: To explore student’s understandings of financial literacy and economics issues with an aim to inform future teaching designs. Design/methodology/approach: Phenomenography and variation theory has been used to analyze students’ understanding of a concept found in both financial and economic contexts, namely value. Findings: Students need to discern that value is attributed, related to scarcity and to other values in order to elaborate their understanding. Thus, teaching also needs to address these issues. Research implications: A social science framing of financial literacy and economics can facilitate a teaching that aims for the development of students’ critical thinking and future ability to make informed choices.
description: JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education, Bd. 21 Nr. 4 (2022)
BlockChain: A distributed solution to automotive security and privacy
Creators: name: Dorri, Ali
name: Steger, Marco
name: Kanhere, Salil S.
name: Jurdak, Raja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Interconnected smart vehicles offer a range of sophisticated services that benefit the vehicle owners, transport authorities, car manufacturers and other service providers. This potentially exposes smart vehicles to a range of security and privacy threats such as location tracking or remote hijacking of the vehicle. In this article, we argue that BlockChain (BC), a disruptive technology that has found many applications from cryptocurrencies to smart contracts, is a potential solution to these challenges. We propose a BC-based architecture to protect the privacy of the users and to increase the security of the vehicular ecosystem. Wireless remote software updates and other emerging services such as dynamic vehicle insurance fees, are used to illustrate the efficacy of the proposed security architecture. We also qualitatively argue the resilience of the architecture against common security attacks.
title: Digital health
title: Μια σύγχρονη προσέγγιση στη διαχείριση της ποιότητας
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: Ψηφιακή υγεία
title: Μια σύγχρονη προσέγγιση στη διαχείριση της ποιότητας
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Vagelatos, Aristeidis
name: Sarivougioukas, John
Publisher: name: Kallipos, Open Academic Editions
Year: 2023
Subjects: Ιατρική πληροφορική
Διάχυτος υπολογισμός
Ποιότητα υπηρεσιών υγείας
Medical informatics
Quality in health services
Ubiquitous computing

description: ο σύγγραμμα που προτείνεται απευθύνεται σε προπτυχιακούς φοιτητές που διδάσκονται θέματα ιατρικής πληροφορικής/ψηφιακής υγείας σε προπτυχιακό επίπεδο, είτε σε σχολές πολυτεχνικές (κυρίως Ηλεκτρολόγων μηχανικών/ μηχανικών Η/Υ ή ιατρικής πληροφορικής), είτε σε ιατρικές σχολές (όπου και εκεί δίνονται εισαγωγικά μαθήματα στην ψηφιακή υγεία). Το βιβλίο εξειδικεύει στο θέμα της ποιότητας στην ψηφιακή υγεία, κάτι που λείπει από την ελληνική βιβλιογραφία, ενώ εισάγει ένα σημαντικό στοιχεία που είναι ιδιαίτερα ψηλά στον ακαδημαϊκό – ερευνητικό χώρο σήμερα: το θέμα του διάχυτου υπολογισμού σε σχέση πάντα την Ψηφιακή υγεία! Στο πλαίσιο αυτό, αφού δώσει αρχικά την εννοιολογική βάση, εστιάζει κατά σειρά στα: Εργαλεία για τον εντοπισμό σημείων που χρήζουν βελτίωσης, Εργαλεία για την αξιολόγηση των διαδικασιών σε σχέση με τη μεταβλητότητα και την ικανότητα υλοποίησης, Εργαλεία για την αξιολόγηση των σχέσεων στα δεδομένα Εργαλεία για τα βασικά αίτια και την ανάλυση κινδύνου Εργαλεία για την αξιολόγηση της ποιότητας, Εργαλεία για τη βελτίωση των διαδικασιών Εργαλεία παρακολούθησης και ελέγχου των διαδικασιών και τέλος στον Τυπικός σχεδιασμός με δηλωτικά μαθηματικά.
description: Το σύγγραμμα που προτείνεται απευθύνεται σε προπτυχιακούς φοιτητές που διδάσκονται θέματα ιατρικής πληροφορικής/ψηφιακής υγείας σε προπτυχιακό επίπεδο, είτε σε σχολές πολυτεχνικές (κυρίως Ηλεκτρολόγων μηχανικών/ μηχανικών Η/Υ ή ιατρικής πληροφορικής), είτε σε ιατρικές σχολές (όπου και εκεί δίνονται εισαγωγικά μαθήματα στην ψηφιακή υγεία). Το βιβλίο εξειδικεύει στο θέμα της ποιότητας στην ψηφιακή υγεία, κάτι που λείπει από την ελληνική βιβλιογραφία, ενώ εισάγει ένα σημαντικό στοιχεία που είναι ιδιαίτερα ψηλά στον ακαδημαϊκό – ερευνητικό χώρο σήμερα: το θέμα του διάχυτου υπολογισμού σε σχέση πάντα την Ψηφιακή υγεία! Στο πλαίσιο αυτό, αφού δώσει αρχικά την εννοιολογική βάση, εστιάζει κατά σειρά στα: Εργαλεία για τον εντοπισμό σημείων που χρήζουν βελτίωσης, Εργαλεία για την αξιολόγηση των διαδικασιών σε σχέση με τη μεταβλητότητα και την ικανότητα υλοποίησης, Εργαλεία για την αξιολόγηση των σχέσεων στα δεδομένα Εργαλεία για τα βασικά αίτια και την ανάλυση κινδύνου Εργαλεία για την αξιολόγηση της ποιότητας, Εργαλεία για τη βελτίωση των διαδικασιών Εργαλεία παρακολούθησης και ελέγχου των διαδικασιών και τέλος στον Τυπικός σχεδιασμός με δηλωτικά μαθηματικά.
Implications for Post-Processing Nucleosynthesis of Core-Collapse Supernova Models with Lagrangian Particles
Creators: name: Harris, J. Austin
name: Hix, W. Raphael
name: Chertkow, Merek A.
name: Lee, C. -T.
name: Lentz, Eric J.
name: Messer, O. E. Bronson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate core-collapse supernova (CCSN) nucleosynthesis with self-consistent, axisymmetric (2D) simulations performed using the radiation-hydrodynamics code Chimera. Computational costs have traditionally constrained the evolution of the nuclear composition within multidimensional CCSN models to, at best, a 14-species $α$-network capable of tracking only $(α,γ)$ reactions from $^{4}$He to $^{60}$Zn. Such a simplified network limits the ability to accurately evolve detailed composition and neutronization or calculate the nuclear energy generation rate. Lagrangian tracer particles are commonly used to extend the nuclear network evolution by incorporating more realistic networks in post-processing nucleosynthesis calculations. However, limitations such as poor spatial resolution of the tracer particles, inconsistent thermodynamic evolution, including misestimation of expansion timescales, and uncertain determination of the multidimensional mass-cut at the end of the simulation impose uncertainties inherent to this approach. We present a detailed analysis of the impact of such uncertainties for four self-consistent axisymmetric CCSN models initiated from stellar metallicity, non-rotating progenitors of 12 $M_\odot$, 15 $M_\odot$, 20 $M_\odot$, and 25 $M_\odot$ and evolved with the smaller $α$-network to more than 1 s after the launch of an explosion.
description: 25 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Continuity and innovation in the civics and social education curriculum
Creators: name: Sava, Simona Lidia
name: Fartusnic, Ciprian
name: Nicoleta-Ancuta, Iacobescu
Publisher: name: JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education
Year: 2022

description: Purpose: The paper maps recent developments in civics and social education in primary and lower secondary Romanian education systems, pointing to significant curriculum changes, within the broader competence-based curriculum reform. The analysis aims also to formulate policy recommendations, based on identified challenges. Design/methodology/approach: The methodology uses documentary analysis of curriculum and thematic studies, relevant for the policy reforms and practice conceptualisations in civics/social education. Research limitations/implications: The main findings document the important step forward in promoting civics competencies in Romanian primary education, and social competencies in the lower secondary curriculum. Various challenges affecting the effective implementation of these changes are identified, both at system and school-level. Practical implications: Focus on formal written and taught curriculum. As curriculum reform in upper secondary education is ongoing, the analysis is limited to primary and lower secondary education.
description: JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education, Bd. 21 Nr. 4 (2022)
Spinon decay in the spin-1/2 Heisenberg chain with weak next nearest neighbour exchange
Creators: name: Groha, Stefan
name: Essler, Fabian H. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Integrable models support elementary excitations with infinite lifetimes. In the spin-1/2 Heisenberg chain these are known as spinons. We consider the stability of spinons when a weak integrability breaking perturbation is added to the Heisenberg chain in a magnetic field. We focus on the case where the perturbation is a next nearest neighbour exchange interaction. We calculate the spinon decay rate in leading order in perturbation theory using methods of integrability and identify the dominant decay channels. The decay rate is found to be small, which indicates that spinons remain well-defined excitations even though integrability is broken.
description: 29 pages, 8 figures
Vacuum instability in slowly varying electric fields
Creators: name: Gavrilov, S. P.
name: Gitman, D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonperturbative methods have been well-developed for QED with the so-called t-electric potential steps. In this case a calculation technique is based on the existence of specific exact solutions (in and out solutions) of the Dirac equation. However, there are only few cases when such solutions are known. Here, we demonstrate that for t-electric potential steps slowly varying with time there exist physically reasonable approximations that maintain the nonperturbative character of QED calculations even in the absence of the exact solutions. Defining the slowly varying regime in general terms, we can observe a universal character of vacuum effects caused by a strong electric field. In the present article, we find universal approximate representations for the total density of created pairs and vacuum mean values of the current density and energy-momentum tensor that hold true for arbitrary t-electric potential steps slowly varying with time. These representations do not require knowledge of the corresponding solutions of the Dirac equation, they have a form of simple functionals of a given slowly varying electric field. We establish relations of these representations with leading terms of the derivative expansion approximation. These results allow one to formulate some semiclassical approximations that are not restricted by the smallness of differential mean numbers of created pairs.
description: 37 pages, version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1512.01288
Understanding liberal studies in Hong Kong: Vehicle for civic education and its controversies
Creators: name: Koon, Bun
Publisher: name: JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education
Year: 2022

description: Highlights: • Civic education in Hong Kong has never had the status of an independent subject in the educational system. It has always been fragmented as a cross-curriculum theme. • The historical developments of civic education curriculum can be summarized as follows: depoliticization for the most time under the British colonial government; politicization from the mid-1980s to 1997; and re-depoliticization after the sovereignty transfer in 1997. • Liberal Studies, containing elements of citizenship and political knowledge, was reintroduced in 2009 as a core subject and had been considered a vehicle subject for civic education. • The subject was compulsory in all senior secondary schools and in the university entrance examination. • Against the backdrop of mounting criticisms and allegations that Liberal Studies had caused youth activism in Hong Kong, the government completely reconstructed the subject in 2021. Purpose: This country report aims to give an overview of civic education in Hong Kong as well as Liberal Studies, and to discern the reasons behind the reforms of the subject. Approach: The analysis is based on government documents related to the subject’s curriculum and assessment, press releases and secondary sources. Regarding the controversies, it draws on numerous studies conducted by educators and scholars in Hong Kong. Findings: The main finding is that there is no empirical evidence supporting the causal relationship between the subject and youth activism. It seems that the drastic reforms to Liberal Studies curriculum and assessment aim to further cultivate an uncritical national identity in the post-colonial Hong Kong.
description: JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education, Bd. 21 Nr. 4 (2022)
Projectivity of Planar Zeros in Field and String Theory Amplitudes
Creators: name: Jimenez, Diego Medrano
name: Vera, Agustin Sabio
name: Vazquez-Mozo, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the projective properties of planar zeros of tree-level scattering amplitudes in various theories. Whereas for pure scalar field theories we find that the planar zeros of the five-point amplitude do not enjoy projective invariance, coupling scalars to gauge fields gives rise to tree-level amplitudes whose planar zeros are determined by homogeneous polynomials in the stereographic coordinates labelling the direction of flight of the outgoing particles. In the case of pure gauge theories, this projective structure is generically destroyed if string corrections are taken into account. Scattering amplitudes of two scalars with graviton emission vanish exactly in the planar limit, whereas planar graviton amplitudes are zero for helicity violating configurations. These results are corrected by string effects, computed using the single-valued projection, which render the planar amplitude nonzero. Finally, we discuss how the structure of planar zeros can be derived from the soft limit behavior of the scattering amplitudes.
description: 39 page, 5 figures. v2: typos corrected. It matches the version published in Journal of High Energy Physics
Nonvolatile reconfigurable polarization rotator at datacom wavelengths based on a Sb2Se3/Si waveguide
Creators: name: Parra, Jorge
name: Kovylina, Miroslavna
name: Griol, Amadeu
name: Sanchis, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Silicon photonics has become a key platform for photonic integrated circuits (PICs) due to its high refractive index and compatibility with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor manufacturing. However, the inherent birefringence in silicon waveguides requires efficient polarization management. Here, we report a reconfigurable polarization rotator (PR) using a Sb2Se3/Si waveguide operating at datacom wavelengths (1310 nm), providing nonvolatile switching with zero static power consumption. The polarization conversion relies on the interference of hybrid electric-magnetic (EH) modes, which can be reconfigured by changing the Sb2Se3 state between amorphous and crystalline. Our experimental device exhibits a polarization conversion efficiency (PCE) and a polarization extinction ratio (PER) as high as -0.08 dB and 17.65 dB, respectively, in a compact footprint of just 21$μ$m length. Therefore, the proposed reconfigurable PR offers a compact and energy-efficient solution for polarization management in silicon photonics, with potential applications in data communication networks and emerging applications benefiting from polarization information encodings, such as optical neural networks and quantum computing.
Accurate and efficient band gap predictions of metal halide perovskites using the DFT-1/2 method: GW accuracy with DFT expense
Creators: name: Tao, Shuxia
name: Cao, Xi
name: Bobbert, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The outstanding optoelectronics and photovoltaic properties of metal halide perovskites, including high carrier motilities, low carrier recombination rates, and the tunable spectral absorption range are attributed to the unique electronic properties of these materials. While DFT provides reliable structures and stabilities of perovskites, it performs poorly in electronic structure prediction. The relativistic GW approximation has been demonstrated to be able to capture electronic structure accurately, but at an extremely high computational cost. Here we report efficient and accurate band gap calculations of halide metal perovskites by using the approximate quasiparticle DFT-1/2 method. Using AMX3 (A = CH3NH3, CH2NHCH2, Cs; M = Pb, Sn, X=I, Br, Cl) as demonstration, the influence of the crystal structure (cubic, tetragonal or orthorhombic), variation of ions (different A, M and X) and relativistic effects on the electronic structure are systematically studied and compared with experimental results. Our results show that the DFT-1/2 method yields accurate band gaps with the precision of the GW method with no more computational cost than standard DFT. This opens the possibility of accurate electronic structure prediction of sophisticated halide perovskite structures and new materials design for lead-free materials.
Education for democratic citizenship in Dutch schools: A bumpy road
Creators: name: De Groot, Isolde
name: Daas, Remmert
name: Nieuwelink, Hessel
Publisher: name: JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education
Year: 2022

description: Highlights • Constitutional freedom of education affects democratic citizenship education policy. • Citizenship education legislation in 2006 and 2007 placed little demands on schools. • Legislation introduced in 2021 has further specified what is expected from schools. • Studies of citizenship education in practice are largely critical of the extent to which schools teach about, through and for democracy. Purpose: This paper discusses developments in citizenship education policy and practice in the Netherlands, and outlines key challenges as faced by the different stakeholders involved. Design/methodology/approach: Our discussion is based on existing research and policy documents in the Netherlands. The authors, from three Dutch universities, are experts in the field of research on citizenship education. Findings: Promoting citizenship education in primary, secondary and vocational tertiary education in the Netherlands has been challenging, particularly in light of the constitutional freedom of education in the Netherlands. Five issues are discussed in this regard: the contents of CE legislation, the normative character of legal requirements, integration of CE legislation in national curriculum aims, clarifying expectations from schools in teaching CE, and teacher education and professionalization.
description: JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education, Bd. 21 Nr. 4 (2022)
Linear electromagnetic wave equations in materials
Creators: name: Starke, R.
name: Schober, G. A. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After a short review of microscopic electrodynamics in materials, we investigate the relation of the microscopic dielectric tensor to the current response tensor and to the full electromagnetic Green function. Subsequently, we give a systematic overview of microscopic electromagnetic wave equations in materials, which can be formulated in terms of the microscopic dielectric tensor.
description: consistent with published version in Phot. Nano. Fund. Appl. (2017)
Displacement operators: the classical face of their quantum phase
Creators: name: Vutha, Amar C.
name: Bohr, Eliot A.
name: Ransford, Anthony
name: Campbell, Wesley C.
name: Hamilton, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In quantum mechanics, the operator representing the displacement of a system in position or momentum is always accompanied by a path-dependent phase factor. In particular, two non-parallel displacements in phase space do not compose together in a simple way, and the order of these displacements leads to different displacement composition phase factors. These phase factors are often attributed to the nonzero commutator between quantum position and momentum operators, but such a mathematical explanation might be unsatisfactory to students who are after more physical insight. We present a couple of simple demonstrations, using classical wave mechanics and classical particle mechanics, that provide some physical intuition for the phase associated with displacement operators.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, reorganized and reformatted
Congruences for modular forms mod 2 and quaternionic $S$-ideal classes
Creators: name: Martin, Kimball
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove many simultaneous congruences mod 2 for elliptic and Hilbert modular forms among forms with different Atkin--Lehner eigenvalues. The proofs involve the notion of quaternionic $S$-ideal classes and the distribution of Atkin--Lehner signs among newforms.
description: 19 pages; minor revisions, to appear in Canad. J. Math
Civics and citizenship education in Estonia: Policy design, normatives, and practices
Creators: name: Kunitsõn, Nikolai
name: Kalev, Leif
name: Ulla, Triin
Publisher: name: JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education
Year: 2022

description: Highlights: • Estonian citizenship education has a clear and established curricula • The bilingual education system is prominent and reproduces socio-economic and democratic citizenship inequality • Teachers’ autonomy is crucial Purpose: The main aim of this article is to analyze Estonian civics and citizenship education. We focus on multi-level policy design and implementation, teachers’ roles, and educational practices in the classroom. In order to achieve the aim, we analyzed the national curricula from the citizenship normative perspective, conducted interviews with teachers and students. Findings: Our main findings are related to the controversies related to theory and practice - the overload of curricula and emphasis on knowledge means that teachers play a key role in implementing citizenship education in Estonia. We conclude by giving policy suggestions related to the curricula development and separately focusing on minority schools.
description: JSSE - Journal of Social Science Education, Bd. 21 Nr. 4 (2022)
The ALMA-PILS survey: Detection of CH$_{3}$NCO toward the low-mass protostar IRAS 16293-2422 and laboratory constraints on its formation
Creators: name: Ligterink, N. F. W.
name: Coutens, A.
name: Kofman, V.
name: Müller, H. S. P.
name: Garrod, R. T.
name: Calcutt, H.
name: Wampfler, S. F.
name: Jørgensen, J. K.
name: Linnartz, H.
name: van Dishoeck, E. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Methyl isocyanate (CH$_{3}$NCO) belongs to a select group of interstellar molecules considered to be relevant precursors in the formation of larger organic compounds, including those with peptide bonds. The molecule has only been detected in a couple of high-mass protostars and potentially on comets. A formation route on icy grains has been postulated for this molecule but experimental evidence is lacking. Here we extend the range of environments where methyl isocyanate is found, and unambiguously identify CH$_{3}$NCO through the detection of 43 unblended transitions in the ALMA Protostellar Interferometric Line Survey (PILS) of the low mass solar-type protostellar binary IRAS 16293-2422. The molecule is detected toward both components of the binary with a ratio HNCO/CH$_3$NCO $\sim$4--12. The isomers CH$_{3}$CNO and CH$_3$OCN are not identified, resulting in upper abundance ratios of CH$_{3}$NCO/CH$_{3}$CNO > 100 and CH$_{3}$NCO/CH$_3$OCN > 10. The resulting abundance ratios compare well with those found for related N-containing species toward high-mass protostars. To constrain its formation, a set of cryogenic UHV experiments is performed. VUV irradiation of CH$_{4}$:HNCO mixtures at 20 K strongly indicate that methyl isocyanate can be formed in the solid-state through CH$_{3}$ and (H)NCO recombinations. Combined with gas-grain models that include this reaction, the solid-state route is found to be a plausible scenario to explain the methyl isocyanate abundances found in IRAS 16293-2422.
description: Accepted 2017 April 7. Received 2017 March 26; in original form 2017 January 24. 13 pages, 8 figures
Crystal growth and characterization of the pyrochlore Tb$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$
Creators: name: Klimm, D.
name: Guguschev, C.
name: Kok, D. J.
name: Naumann, M.
name: Ackermann, L.
name: Rytz, D.
name: Peltz, M.
name: Dupré, K.
name: Neumann, M. D.
name: Kwasniewski, A.
name: Schlom, D. G.
name: Bickermann, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Terbium titanate (Tb$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$) is a spin-ice material with remarkable magneto-optical properties. It has a high Verdet constant and is a promising substrate crystal for the epitaxy of quantum materials with the pyrochlore structure. Large single crystals with adequate quality of Tb$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$ or any pyrochlore are not available so far. Here we report the growth of high-quality bulk crystals using the Czochralski method to pull crystals from the melt. Prior work using the automated Czochralski method has suffered from growth instabilities like diameter fluctuation, foot formation and subsequent spiraling shortly after the seeding stage. In this study, the volumes of the crystals were strongly increased to several cubic centimeters by means of manual growth control, leading to crystal diameters up to 40 mm and crystal lengths up to 10 mm. Rocking curve measurements revealed full width at half maximum values between 28 and 40" for 222 reflections. The specific heat capacity c$_p$ was measured between room temperature and 1573 K by dynamic differential scanning calorimetry and shows the typical slow parabolic rise. In contrast, the thermal conductivity κ(T) shows a minimum near 700 K and increases at higher temperature T. Optical spectroscopy was performed at room temperature from the ultraviolet to the near infrared region, and additionally in the near infrared region up to 1623 K. The optical transmission properties and the crystal color are interpreted to be influenced by partial oxidation of Tb$^{3+}$ to Tb$^{4+}$.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, accepted for CrystEngComm
The Role of Depth, Width, and Tree Size in Expressiveness of Deep Forest
Creators: name: Lyu, Shen-Huan
name: Wu, Jin-Hui
name: Zheng, Qin-Cheng
name: Ye, Baoliu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Random forests are classical ensemble algorithms that construct multiple randomized decision trees and aggregate their predictions using naive averaging. \citet{zhou2019deep} further propose a deep forest algorithm with multi-layer forests, which outperforms random forests in various tasks. The performance of deep forests is related to three hyperparameters in practice: depth, width, and tree size, but little has been known about its theoretical explanation. This work provides the first upper and lower bounds on the approximation complexity of deep forests concerning the three hyperparameters. Our results confirm the distinctive role of depth, which can exponentially enhance the expressiveness of deep forests compared with width and tree size. Experiments confirm the theoretical findings.
Optimizing future experiments of cosmic far-infrared background: a principal component approach
Creators: name: Wu, Hao-Yi
name: Doré, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The anisotropies of cosmic far-infrared background (CFIRB) probe the star formation rate (SFR) of dusty star-forming galaxies as a function of dark matter halo mass and redshift. We explore how future CFIRB experiments can optimally improve the SFR constraints beyond the current measurements of Planck. We introduce a model-independent, piecewise parametrization for SFR as a function of halo mass and redshift, and we calculate the Fisher matrix and principal components of these parameters to estimate the SFR constraints of future experiments. We investigate how the SFR constraints depend on angular resolution, number and range of frequency bands, survey coverage, and instrumental sensitivity. We find that the angular resolution and the instrumental sensitivity play the key roles. Improving the angular resolution from 20 to 4 arcmin can improve the SFR constraints by 1.5 - 2.5 orders of magnitude. With the angular resolution of Planck, improving the sensitivity by 10 or 100 times can improve the SFR constraints by one or two orders of magnitude, and doubling the number of frequency bands can also improve the SFR constraints by an order of magnitude. We find that survey designs like the Cosmic Origins Explorer (CORE) are very close to the optimal design for improving the SFR constraints at all redshifts, while survey designs like LiteBIRD and CMB-S4 can significantly improve the SFR constraints at z>3.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables; replaced to match published version
Unraveling the Speed Secrets: Study on the Performance of the Red Bull Formula One Car and its DRS.pdf
Creators: name: Khan, Mubashshera
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Aerodynamics (excl. hypersonic aerodynamics)
Engineering design

description: The Red Bull Formula One team has consistently showcased exceptional performance on the track, leaving competitors in awe of their speed and agility. This research paper aims to explore the factors that contribute to the remarkable speed of the Red Bull car, with a particular focus on the Drag Reduction System (DRS). Through an analysis of aerodynamic design, suspension innovations, and strategic use of DRS, we uncover the key elements that make the Red Bull Formula One car a force to be reckoned with.
Surface defects and elliptic quantum groups
Creators: name: Yagi, Junya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A brane construction of an integrable lattice model is proposed. The model is composed of Belavin's R-matrix, Felder's dynamical R-matrix, the Bazhanov-Sergeev-Derkachov-Spiridonov R-operator and some intertwining operators. This construction implies that a family of surface defects act on supersymmetric indices of four-dimensional $\mathcal{N} = 1$ supersymmetric field theories as transfer matrices related to elliptic quantum groups.
description: 31 pages. v2: minor changes and corrections; v3: minor improvements, published version
SiW ECAL for future $e^+e^-$ collider
Creators: name: Balagura, V.
name: Bilokin, S.
name: Bonis, J.
name: Boudry, V.
name: Brient, J. -C.
name: Callier, S.
name: Cheng, T.
name: Cornat, R.
name: De La Taille, C.
name: Doan, T. H.
name: Frotin, M.
name: Gastaldi, F.
name: Hirai, H.
name: Jain, S.
name: Jain, Sh.
name: Lacour, D.
name: Lavergne, L.
name: Lleres, A.
name: Magniette, F.
name: Mastrolorenzo, L.
name: Nanni, J.
name: Poeschl, R.
name: Pozdnyakov, A.
name: Psallidas, A.
name: Ruan, M.
name: Rubio-Roy, M.
name: Seguin-Moreau, N.
name: Shpak, K.
name: Suehara, T.
name: Thiebault, A.
name: Wright, J.
name: Yu, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Calorimeters with silicon detectors have many unique features and are proposed for several world-leading experiments. We discuss the tests of the first three 18x18 cm$^2$ layers segmented into 1024 pixels of the technological prototype of the silicon-tungsten electromagnetic calorimeter for a future $e^+e^-$ collider. The tests have beem performed in November 2015 at CERN SPS beam line.
description: Proceedings for "Instrumentation for Colliding Beam Physics" (INSTR17) conference, 27 February - 3 March 2017, Novosibirsk, Russia