cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ordering Strict Partial Orders to Model Behavioral Refinement
Creators: name: Montin, Mathieu
name: Pantel, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Software is now ubiquitous and involved in complex interactions with the human users and the physical world in so-called cyber-physical systems where the management of time is a major issue. Separation of concerns is a key asset in the development of these ever more complex systems. Two different kinds of separation exist: a first one corresponds to the different steps in a development leading from the abstract requirements to the system implementation and is qualified as vertical. It matches the commonly used notion of refinement. A second one corresponds to the various components in the system architecture at a given level of refinement and is called horizontal. Refinement has been studied thoroughly for the data, functional and concurrency concerns while our work focuses on the time modeling concern. This contribution aims at providing a formal construct for the verification of refinement in time models, through the definition of an order between strict partial orders used to relate the different instants in asynchronous systems. This relation allows the designer at the concrete level to distinguish events that are coincident at the abstract level while preserving the properties assessed at the abstract level. This work has been conducted using the proof assistant Agda and is connected to a previous work on the asynchronous language CCSL, which has also been modelled using the same tool.
description: In Proceedings Refine 2018, arXiv:1810.08739
Additional file 9 of A member of wheat class III peroxidase gene family, TaPRX-2A, enhanced the tolerance of salt stress
Creators: name: Su, Peisen
name: Yan, Jun
name: Li, Wen
name: Wang, Liang
name: Zhao, Jinxiao
name: Ma, Xin
name: Li, Anfei
name: Wang, Hongwei
name: Kong, Lingrang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 9: Figure S5. The prediction of nuclear localization signals in TaPRX-2A.
The Fate of AGB Wind in Massive Galaxies and the ICM
Creators: name: Li, Yuan
name: Bryan, Greg L.
name: Quataert, Eliot
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) winds from evolved stars not only provide a non-trivial amount of mass and energy return, but also produce dust grains in massive elliptical galaxies. Due to the fast stellar velocity and the high ambient temperature, the wind is thought to form a comet-like tail, similar to Mira in the Local Bubble. Many massive elliptical galaxies and cluster central galaxies host extended dusty cold filaments. The fate of the cold dusty stellar wind and its relation to cold filaments are not well understood. In this work, we carry out both analytical and numerical studies of the interaction between an AGB wind and the surrounding hot gas. We find that the cooling time of the tail is inversely proportional to the ambient pressure. In the absence of cooling, or in low pressure environments (e.g., the outskirts of elliptical galaxies), AGB winds are quickly mixed into the hot gas, and all the AGB winds have similar appearance and head-to-tail ratio. In high pressure environments, such as the Local Bubble and the central regions of massive elliptical galaxies, some of the gas in the mixing layer between the stellar wind and the surrounding hot gas can cool efficiently and cause the tail to become longer. Our simulated tail of Mira itself has similar length and velocity to that observed, and appears similar to the simulated AGB tail in the central regions of massive galaxies. We speculate that instead of thermal instability, the induced condensation at the mixing layer of AGB winds may be the origin of cold filaments in massive galaxies and galaxy clusters. This naturally explains the existence of dust and PAH in the filaments.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures. Submitted to ApJ
The impact of online teaching on Geology degree programs during COVID-19: A case study from the University of Barcelona (Spain)
Creators: name: Alías, Gemma
name: Sendrós, Alex
name: Aulinas, Meritxell
name: Bordonau, Jaume
name: Domènech, Cristina
name: Masana, Eulàlia
name: Martín-Martín, Juan Diego
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Neuroscience
Biotechnology
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: The sudden shift during the COVID-19 lockdown from face-to-face to online teaching clearly impacted degree programmes in Geology characterized by a substantial practical teaching methodology. This study analyses the suitability of online teaching in the degree at Geology of the University of Barcelona by: (a) describing the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) from the point of view of online teaching and learning, (b) addressing two surveys to teachers and students to explore the consequences of online teaching on learning and gained competencies, and (c) analyzing pre-, syn- and post-pandemic academic results. Results show that both teachers and students value the learning resulting from online activities and the acquisition of new skills. However, some perceived that critical competencies cannot be achieved online, such as the field and laboratory work required for professional development. Moreover, students had difficulties maintaining attention and starting discussions, while instructors had difficulties properly monitoring students such as to control exam fraud, due to the lack of the necessary tools. Online teaching during the pandemic influenced instructors’ grading of students and likely led to some leniency with grading, as teachers admit, consistent with the higher student grades and decrease in second-chance examinations in 2019–20. We conclude that in a potential new online or blended teaching scenario, the full acquisition of practical and communicative competencies is a key point that should be accurately managed in Earth Science degree programmes.
COVID-19’s meso-scale impacts: exploring the perspectives of geoscience department chairs in California
Creators: name: Salim, Zia
name: Isava, Virginia
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Across the landscape of higher education, the COVID-19 pandemic has caused fundamental changes at a variety of scales. To understand which aspects of higher education instruction at the departmental (meso-scale) level were most and least impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, chairs of geoscience departments at public higher education institutions in California (n = 38) were surveyed on the pandemic’s impacts on teaching in their departments, and whether those changes persisted beyond Spring 2022. The shift to online teaching was the pandemic’s primary impact. The findings indicate that this shift was followed by significant direct and indirect impacts on a variety of departmental and instructional aspects, including assessment methods, course offerings, course structure and organization, enrollment, recruitment and outreach, and student learning, in both positive and negative ways. Conversely, the pandemic had relatively little impact on degree structure and course content. Key pedagogical changes include the increased use of Learning Management Systems (LMSs), non-exam assessment methods, and online and hybrid modalities. The results highlight the need for departmental and institutional support to mitigate negative effects on geoscience in-lab and in-field classes, equity and achievement gaps, graduate student needs, recruitment and outreach efforts, and department chair stress, mental health, and burnout. Continued health and resilience in geoscience departments requires that the pandemic’s negative impacts be identified, studied, and addressed by departments, institutions, and professional organizations. Analyzing effects at the meso-scale is an important part of a multi-faceted, multi-scalar assessment of the pandemic’s impacts on geoscience education.
Additional file 1: of Comparison of subsequent injury categorisation (SIC) models and their application in a sporting population
Creators: name: Toohey, Liam
name: Drew, Michael
name: Fortington, Lauren
name: Menaspa, Miranda
name: Finch, Caroline
name: Cook, Jill
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Categorisation output distribution of the SIC-1.0 and SIC-2.0 models. (DOCX 18 kb)
Programming Without Refining
Creators: name: Benabdelali, Marwa
name: Jilani, Lamia Labed
name: Ghardallou, Wided
name: Mili, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To derive a program for a given specification R means to find an artifact P that satisfies two conditions: P is executable in some programming language; and P is correct with respect to R. Refinement-based program derivation achieves this goal in a stepwise manner by enhancing executability while preserving correctness until we achieve complete executability. In this paper, we argue that it is possible to invert these properties, and to derive a program by enhancing correctness while preserving executability (proceeding from one executable program to another) until we achieve absolute correctness. Of course, this latter process is possible only if we know how to enhance correctness.
description: In Proceedings Refine 2018, arXiv:1810.08739
Bruchia ligulata Mull. Hal. 1906
Creators: name: Price, Michelle J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Bryopsida
Dicranales
Bruchiaceae
Bruchia
Bruchia ligulata

description: Bruchia ligulata Müll. Hal. in Flora 71: 11. 1888.
 = Bruchia aurea Besch., fide VAN DER WIJK & al. (1959: 242).
 Type citation. – “Paraguari, in terra humida camporum incultorum, Junio 1882; Assumtion [sic], Junio 1879, Balansa 3708 et 3658 ”.
 Type specimens. – Syntypes: L’Assomption, juin 1879, Balansa 3658 (G [1885], G00046207; Herb. Boiss., G00046210; Herb. DC. [1884], G00046208). Paraguari, sur la terre humide, dans les champs en friche, 1882, Balansa 3708 (Herb. Barb.-Boiss., G00116002; Herb. DC. [1884], G00128216).
 Type designation. – Type designation not indicated in RUSHING (1986).
 Comments. – The collection number 3658 was published under Bruchia aurea Besch. by BESCHERELLE (1885: 17) before being used by Müller to describe B. ligulata.
description: Published as part of Price, Michelle J., 2012, Catalogue of the Benjamin Balansa moss collections from Paraguay in Herbarium Genavense (G), pp. 153-179 in Candollea 67 (1) on page 158, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v671a17, http://zenodo.org/record/5719346
Z polarization in the Higgs boson signal at the LHC
Creators: name: Duncan, M. J.
name: Reno, M. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine a method of studying the Z polarization in $H\to ZZ \to \ell^+ \ell^- ν\barν$ in proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Included are the dominant contributions: gluon fusion production of the Higgs boson, continuum production of Z pairs, and the Z+missing jet QCD background. The polarization signal is distinguishable from the background for Higgs masses less than or equal to $\sim 700$ GeV, for an integrated luminosity of 10^5 pb^{-1}.
description: 9 pages, RevTeX, 9 Postscript figures
Decoherence in Two Bose-Einstein Condensates
Creators: name: Kuang, Le-Man
name: Tong, Zhao-Yang
name: Ouyang, Zhong-Wen
name: Zeng, Hao-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, decoherence in a system consisting of two Bose-Einstein condensates is investigated analytically. It is indicated that decoherence can be controlled through manipulating the interaction between the system and environment. The influence of the decoherence on quantum coherent atomic tunneling (AT) between two condensates with arbitrary initial states is studied in detail. Analytic expressions of the population difference (PD) and the AT current between two condensates are found. It is shown that the decoherence leads to the decay of the PD and the suppression of the AT current.
description: 6 pages, published in Phys. Rev. A 61, 013608 (2000)
MOESM2 of Earthquake-induced prompt gravity signals identified in dense array data in Japan
Creators: name: Kimura, Masaya
name: Kame, Nobuki
name: Watada, Shingo
name: Ohtani, Makiko
name: Araya, Akito
name: Imanishi, Yuichi
name: Ando, Masaki
name: Kunugi, Takashi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2. Â List of the 27Â F-net stations used for theÂ stacking.
ESASky : A Science-Driven Discovery Portal for Space-Based Astronomy Missions
Creators: name: Giordano, Fabrizio
name: Racero, Elena
name: Norman, Henrik
name: Valles, Ricardo
name: Merin, Bruno
name: Baines, Deborah
name: Lopez-Caniego, Marcos
name: Marti, Belen Lopez
name: de Teodoro, Pilar
name: Salgado, Jesus
name: Sarmiento, Maria Henar
name: Gutierrez-Sanchez, Raul
name: Prieto, Roberto
name: Lorca, Alejandro
name: Alberola, Sara
name: Valtchanov, Ivan
name: de Marchi, Guido
name: Alvarez, Ruben
name: Arviset, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the era of "big data" and with the advent of web 2.0 technologies, ESASky (http://sky.esa.int) aims at providing a modern and visual way to access astronomical science-ready data products and metadata. The main goal of the application is to simplify the interaction between the scientific community and the ever-growing amount of data collected over the past decades from the most important astronomy missions. The ESASky concept is to offer a complementary scientific application to the more-traditional table-oriented exploitation of astronomical data, by allowing a more natural and visual approach and enabling the exploration of astronomical objects across the entire electromagnetic spectrum. To fulfill this goal, ESASky provides a multiwavelength interface to a set of astronomy data from an increasing number of missions and surveys, with the intention of becoming the single-point of entry to perform visual analysis and cross-matching among different energy ranges. A lot of effort has been invested on the design of a user-friendly, responsive Graphical User Interface (GUI) by the definition and optimisation of algorithms running behind each visual feature offered. In this contribution, we describe in detail the design and solutions adopted for the technical challenges arising during the development. We present the data services and features implemented in the latest version of ESASky (v2.1), including a Mission Planning Tool to support current James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) planning, the possibility to search for observations of Solar System Objects (planets, comets and moons) taken by astronomy missions, the integration of the SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS) publication system in the ESASky GUI, and the retrieval of metadata and data products available within a specific region of the sky.
description: Published in Astronomy and Computing; 8 pages, 5 figures. ESASky: sky.esa.int
Anderson transition of three dimensional phonon modes
Creators: name: Akita, Yasuyuki
name: Ohtsuki, Tomi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anderson transition of the phonon modes is studied numerically. The critical exponent for the divergence of the localization length is estimated using the transfer matrix method, and the statistics of the modes is analyzed. The latter is shown to be in excellent agreement with the energy level statistics of the disrodered electron system belonging to the orthogonal universality class.
description: 2 pages and another page for 3 figures, J. Phys. Soc. Japan
Bryum corrugatum Hampe
Creators: name: Price, Michelle J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Bryopsida
Bryales
Bryaceae
Bryum
Bryum corrugatum

description: Bryum corrugatum Hampe
 = Bryum argenteum Hedw., fide OCHI (1980: 110).
 Specimens. – Guiaviti, sur la terre autour des habitations, 13 juillet 1881, Balansa 3647 (G [1885], G00042201; Herb. Boiss., G00042197; Herb. Boiss., G00042198; Herb. DC. [1884], G00042199) [published in BESCHERELLE, 1885: 18].
description: Published as part of Price, Michelle J., 2012, Catalogue of the Benjamin Balansa moss collections from Paraguay in Herbarium Genavense (G), pp. 153-179 in Candollea 67 (1) on page 158, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v671a17, http://zenodo.org/record/5719346
Source structure and molecular gas properties from high-resolution CO imaging of SPT-selected dusty star-forming galaxies
Creators: name: Dong, Chenxing
name: Spilker, Justin S.
name: Gonzalez, Anthony H.
name: Apostolovski, Yordanka
name: Aravena, Manuel
name: Béthermin, Matthieu
name: Chapman, Scott C.
name: Chen, Chian-Chou
name: Hayward, Christopher C.
name: Hezaveh, Yashar D.
name: Litke, Katrina C.
name: Ma, Jingzhe
name: Marrone, Daniel P.
name: Morningstar, Warren R.
name: Phadke, Kedar A.
name: Reuter, Cassie A.
name: Sreevani, Jarugula
name: Stark, Antony A.
name: Vieira, Joaquin D.
name: Weiß, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of high-J CO lines ($J_\mathrm{up}=6$, 7, 8) and associated dust continuum towards five strongly lensed, dusty, star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) at redshift $z = 2.7$-5.7. These galaxies, discovered in the South Pole Telescope survey, are observed at $0.2''$-$0.4''$ resolution with ALMA. Our high-resolution imaging coupled with the lensing magnification provides a measurement of the structure and kinematics of molecular gas in the background galaxies with spatial resolutions down to kiloparsec scales. We derive visibility-based lens models for each galaxy, accurately reproducing observations of four of the galaxies. Of these four targets, three show clear velocity gradients, of which two are likely rotating disks. We find that the reconstructed region of CO emission is less concentrated than the region emitting dust continuum even for the moderate-excitation CO lines, similar to what has been seen in the literature for lower-excitation transitions. We find that the lensing magnification of a given source can vary by 20-50% across the line profile, between the continuum and line, and between different CO transitions. We apply Large Velocity Gradient (LVG) modeling using apparent and intrinsic line ratios between lower-J and high-J CO lines. Ignoring these magnification variations can bias the estimate of physical properties of interstellar medium of the galaxies. The magnitude of the bias varies from galaxy to galaxy and is not necessarily predictable without high resolution observations.
description: 19 pages, 12 figures, accepted by ApJ
Additional file 20 of An identical-by-descent segment harbors a 12-bp insertion determining fruit softening during domestication and speciation in Pyrus
Creators: name: Song, Bobo
name: Li, Xiaolong
name: Cao, Beibei
name: Zhang, Mingyue
name: Korban, Schuyler S.
name: Yu, Li’ang
name: Yang, Wenxi
name: Zhao, Kejiao
name: Li, Jiaming
name: Wu, Jun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 20: Fig. S7. Fruit firmness of four pear accessions, including ‘Hosui’ (cultivated Asian), ‘Nanguoli’ (cultivated Asian), ‘Starkrimson’ (cultivated European), and ‘Yali’ (cultivated Asian) during five developmental stages of fruit growth. S1 corresponds to the physiological fruit drop stage at 30 days after flowering (DAF), S2 corresponds to the rapid fruit enlargement stage at 55 DAF, S3 corresponds to the fruiting stage at 85 DAF, S4 corresponds to the pre-maturity fruit stage at 115 DAF, and S5 corresponds to the mature fruit stage.
Dating glacier ice of the last millennium by quantum technology
Creators: name: Feng, Zhongyi
name: Bohleber, Pascal
name: Ebser, Sven
name: Ringena, Lisa
name: Schmidt, Maximilian
name: Kersting, Arne
name: Hopkins, Philip
name: Hoffmann, Helene
name: Fischer, Andrea
name: Aeschbach, Werner
name: Oberthaler, Markus K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radiometric dating with 39Ar covers a unique timespan and offers key advances in interpreting environmental archives of the last millennium. Although this tracer has been acknowledged for decades, studies so far have been limited by the low abundance and radioactivity, thus requiring huge sample sizes. Atom Trap Trace Analysis, an application of techniques from quantum physics such as laser cooling and trapping, allows to reduce the sample volume by several orders of magnitude, compared to conventional techniques. Here we show that the adaptation of this method to 39Ar is now available for glaciological applications, by demonstrating the first Argon Trap Trace Analysis (ArTTA) dating of alpine glacier ice samples. Ice blocks as small as a few kilograms are sufficient and have been obtained at two artificial glacier caves. Importantly, both sites offer direct access to the stratigraphy at the glacier base and validation against existing age constraints. The ice blocks obtained at Chli Titlis glacier in 3030 m all (Swiss Alps) have been dated by state-of-the-art micro-radiocarbon analysis in a previous study. The unique finding of a bark fragment and a larch needle within the ice of Schaufelferner glacier in 2870 m asl (Stubai Alps, Austria) allows for conventional radiocarbon dating. At both sites, results of 39Ar dating match the existing age information based on radiocarbon dating and visual stratigraphy. With our results, we establish Argon Trap Trace Analysis as the key to decipher so far untapped glacier archives of the last millennium.
Additional file 22 of An identical-by-descent segment harbors a 12-bp insertion determining fruit softening during domestication and speciation in Pyrus
Creators: name: Song, Bobo
name: Li, Xiaolong
name: Cao, Beibei
name: Zhang, Mingyue
name: Korban, Schuyler S.
name: Yu, Li’ang
name: Yang, Wenxi
name: Zhao, Kejiao
name: Li, Jiaming
name: Wu, Jun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 22: Fig. S9. The relative expression levels of TIC55 during pear fruit development in ‘Dangshansuli’ (Asian pear) and ‘Starkrimson’ (European pear) based on qRT-PCR. DAF: days after flowering; DAH: days after harvest.
Additional file 2: of Manipulation of bicarbonate concentration in sperm capacitation media improves in vitro fertilisation output in porcine species
Creators: name: Soriano-Úbeda, Cristina
name: Romero-Aguirregomezcorta, Jon
name: Matás, Carmen
name: Visconti, Pablo
name: García-Vázquez, Francisco
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Cluster centers for each CASA motility parameter used to classify each spermatozoa of the study according to their degree of similarity. Cluster 1: spermatozoa with the poorest motility (lowest values in all CASA parameters); Cluster 2: spermatozoa with the most linear trajectory (high values of VSL, LIN, STR and WOB); Cluster 3: spermatozoa with the most curvilinear trajectory (high values of VCL and ALH and low values of VSL, LIN and STR). VCL, μm/s: curvilinear velocity; VSL, μm/s: straight-line velocity; VAP, μm/s: average path velocity; LIN, %: linearity of the curvilinear trajectory; STR, %: straightness; WOB, %: Wobble (VAP/VCL); ALH, μm: amplitude of lateral head displacement; BCF, Hz: beat cross-frequency. (PDF 28 kb)
Universal conductance distribution in three dimensional systems in high magnetic fields
Creators: name: Ohtsuki, Tomi
name: Slevin, Keith
name: Kawarabayashi, Tohru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of the critical point of the Anderson transition in high magnetic fields is discussed with an emphasis on scale invariance and universality of the critical exponent. Special attention is paid to the distribution function of the conductance which becomes size and model independent at the critical point. The fractal properties of the wave function which are related to scale invariance are also discussed.
description: 4 pages text and one page for figures, to appear in J. Phys.:Condensed Matter, Proceeding of the Oji internatinal seminar on "Quest for New Physical Phases under Extreme Conditions"
Asynchronous student engagement in analysis of climate data achieves learning objectives related to climate change understanding, statistical competence, and climate anxiety
Creators: name: Meixner, T.
name: Ciancarelli, B.
name: Farrell, E. P.
name: García, D. Silva
name: Josek, T.
name: Kelly, M. M.
name: Meister, P.
name: Soule, D.
name: Darner, R.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Learning in asynchronous online environments has gained importance over the last several decades, and educational environment shifts from the COVID-19 pandemic appear to have increased this need. Science educators and students need information about which approaches work in the asynchronous environment where informal feedback tends to be reduced, compared to other teaching modalities. In this study, we asynchronously implemented a learning module across 5 institutions that guided students (N = 199) from prescriptive data analysis through guided inquiry and eventually to open inquiry. The module focuses on the science behind climate change. Students work with the same authentic data sets used by professional scientists to examine geologic history and causes of climate change. By analyzing contemporary atmospheric carbon dioxide and temperature data and then using the 800,000-year record available from the Vostok ice core proxy record of atmospheric properties, students identify the causes of climate change and discover the unprecedented nature of recent atmospheric changes. Using a pre/post-module assessment, we demonstrate improvement in students’ understanding of climate change processes and statistical methods used to analyze data. However, there was no evidence that the module develops students’ scientific reasoning about the relationship between causation and correlation. Students maintained that correlation is not causation, even when a robust causal mechanism (i.e., the greenhouse effect) explains the link between atmospheric carbon dioxide and temperature. Finally, our analysis indicated that generally, anxiety about climate change was reduced during the module, such that students become less anxious about the climate change the more they learn about it. However, science-denying students experienced much higher anxiety about climate change than students who accepted the scientific consensus about climate change. Climate science-dissenting students were so few in this study that a statistical comparison was not possible, but this intriguing finding warrants further investigation of the role of anxiety in science denial. Mainly, this study demonstrates how asynchronous online learning environments can indeed support the achievement of learning objectives related to conducting authentic science, such as increasing understanding of climate change and statistical concepts, all while not provoking anxiety about climate change.
Entanglement Spectra of Stabilizer Codes: A Window into Gapped Quantum Phases of Matter
Creators: name: Schmitz, Albert T.
name: Huang, Sheng-Jie
name: Prem, Abhinav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The entanglement spectrum (ES) provides a barometer of quantum entanglement and encodes physical information beyond that contained in the entanglement entropy. In this paper, we explore the ES of stabilizer codes, which furnish exactly solvable models for a plethora of gapped quantum phases of matter. Studying the ES for stabilizer Hamiltonians in the presence of arbitrary weak local perturbations thus allows us to develop a general framework within which the entanglement features of gapped topological phases can be computed and contrasted. In particular, we study models harboring fracton order, both type-I and type-II, and compare the resulting ES with that of both conventional topological order and of (strong) subsystem symmetry protected topological (SSPT) states. We find that non-local surface stabilizers (NLSS), a set of symmetries of the Hamiltonian which form on the boundary of the entanglement cut, act as purveyors of universal non-local features appearing in the entanglement spectrum. While in conventional topological orders and fracton orders, the NLSS retain a form of topological invariance with respect to the entanglement cut, subsystem symmetric systems---fracton and SSPT phases---additionally show a non-trivial geometric dependence on the entanglement cut, corresponding to the subsystem symmetry. This sheds further light on the interplay between geometric and topological effects in fracton phases of matter and demonstrates that strong SSPT phases harbour a measure of quasi-local entanglement beyond that encountered in conventional SPT phases. We further show that a version of the edge-entanglement correspondence, established earlier for gapped two-dimensional topological phases, also holds for gapped three-dimensional fracton models.
description: 28 pages, 10 figures
Bryum paraguense Besch.
Creators: name: Price, Michelle J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Bryopsida
Bryales
Bryaceae
Bryum
Bryum paraguense

description: Bryum paraguense Besch.
 Specimens. – Guarapi, sur le talus des chemins, juillet 1881, Balansa 3651a (G [1885], G00042404; Herb. DC., G00042405). Guarapi, sur le talus des chemins, août 1881, Balansa 3651a (Herb. Boiss. [1885], G00042403) [published in BESCHERELLE, 1885: 18].
description: Published as part of Price, Michelle J., 2012, Catalogue of the Benjamin Balansa moss collections from Paraguay in Herbarium Genavense (G), pp. 153-179 in Candollea 67 (1) on page 159, DOI: 10.15553/c2012v671a17, http://zenodo.org/record/5719346
Quantum Tunneling and Quantum-Classical Transitions in Large Spin Systems
Creators: name: Hu, Bambi
name: Zhang, De-gang
name: Li, Bo-zang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied quantum tunneling of large spins in a biaxial spin system and in a single-axial spin system with a transverse magnetic field. The asymptotically exact eigenvalues and eigenstates of the spin systems are obtained by solving the Mathieu equation. When the height $4q$ of energy barrier formed by the anisotropy and the magnetic field exceeds some critical values $4q_{1T}(r)$, the ground states and the excited states split due to tunneling of large spins. We also have presented the phase diagram of these spin systems in the extremely weak spin-phonon coupling limit. The crossover from thermal to quantum regime is second order. With further decreasing temperature, the first order phase transition occurs from a thermally-assisted resonant tunneling to thermal regime as $q
description: 4 pages, Phys. Rev. B 61, 8639 (2000)
Assessing motivations, benefits, and barriers of implementing virtual field experiences in geoscience-related disciplines
Creators: name: Smith, Tyler G.
name: McNeal, Karen S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Outdoor field experiences have long been part of the traditional curriculum in geoscience-related disciplines and are considered a key aspect of professional development in these areas. When the COVID-19 pandemic forced the cancelation of many field excursions around the world, geoscience departments were forced to make abrupt changes to the ways students would be introduced to field study. Virtual field experiences, which were often utilized prior to COVID-19 in a variety of ways, including preparation for in-person fieldwork, increasing student interest, and increasing student accessibility, were developed and employed as alternative options to in-person field experiences. This embedded mixed-methods study used open, hierarchical coding schemes with referential category structure to code open-ended survey responses from 89 department heads and 27 instructors in geoscience-related departments across the U.S. The study was aimed at better understanding acceptance and familiarity with VFEs, motivations for use, and the benefits and barriers encountered during development and implementation. Binary quantitative data was collected to identify institution type, familiarity with, and motivation for the use of VFEs. Opportunities for student diversity, inclusion, and access for students from historically underrepresented groups (BIPOC, disabled students, women, and LGBTQ + students) were the most immediate benefits recognized. The most often cited barriers were time, skills, and resources needed to create VFEs and put them to use. As VFEs have been utilized in a variety of ways before and during COVID-19, it has become increasingly necessary to discuss the roles they will play going forward in academic and professional geoscience-related spaces.
MOESM1 of Earthquake-induced prompt gravity signals identified in dense array data in Japan
Creators: name: Kimura, Masaya
name: Kame, Nobuki
name: Watada, Shingo
name: Ohtani, Makiko
name: Araya, Akito
name: Imanishi, Yuichi
name: Ando, Masaki
name: Kunugi, Takashi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1. Â Figures showing (1) aÂ diagram of instrumental responses, (2) acceleration waveforms of F-net broadband seismometers, and (3) anÂ enlarged view of the stacked traces of F-net broadband seismometers and Hi-net tiltmeters data.
Are the H1 and ZEUS "High Q^2 Anomalies" Compatible with Each Other?
Creators: name: Drees, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Both ZEUS and H1 have recently reported an excess of events at high $Q^2$ and high Bjorken--$x$. However, the $x$ distributions differ considerably; moreover, H1 sees more events with lower luminosity. Taken separately, the $x$ distributions and the number of observed events are consistent between the two experiments at the few percent level. However, when combined it becomes clear that the results of H1 and ZEUS are as (in)compatible with each other as each is with the Standard Model.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure; LaTeX with equation.sty and epsf.sty. Replaced to fix typo in eq.(8c)
Antimicrobial bisabolane-type sesquiterpenoids from the deep-sea sediment-derived fungus Aspergillus versicolor SD-330
Creators: name: Li, Xiao-Dong
name: Li, Xin
name: Li, Xiao-Ming
name: Yin, Xiu-Li
name: Wang, Bin-Gui
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Virology

description: One new aromatic bisabolene-type sesquiterpenoid (1), along with four known analogues (2–5) were isolated and identified from the deep-sea sediment-derived fungus Aspergillus versicolor SD-330. Their structures were elucidated by NMR, HRESIMS, X-ray crystallographic analysis, and quantum chemical ECD calculations as well as comparison of those data with literature data. Compounds 1–5 were evaluated for antimicrobial activities against human and aquatic pathogenic bacteria. Compounds 1, 2 and 5 exhibited selective inhibitory activities against zoonotic pathogenic bacteria such as Aeromonas hydrophilia, Escherichia coli, Edwardsiella tarda and Vibrio harveyi, with the MIC values ranging from 1.0 to 8.0 μg/mL.
Aspects of Localized Gravity Around the Soft Minima
Creators: name: Llatas, P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: n-Dimensional pure gravity theory can be obtained as the effective theory of an n+1 model (with non-compact extra dimension) where general n+1 reparametrization invariance is explicitly broken in the extra dimension. As was pointed out in the literature, a necessary consistency condition for having a non-vanishing four dimensional Newton constant is the normalizability in the extra dimension of the zero mass graviton. This, in turn, implies that gravity localization is produced around the local minima of a potential in the extra dimension. We study gravity in the neighborhood of the soft ("thick") local minima.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 14 of An identical-by-descent segment harbors a 12-bp insertion determining fruit softening during domestication and speciation in Pyrus
Creators: name: Song, Bobo
name: Li, Xiaolong
name: Cao, Beibei
name: Zhang, Mingyue
name: Korban, Schuyler S.
name: Yu, Li’ang
name: Yang, Wenxi
name: Zhao, Kejiao
name: Li, Jiaming
name: Wu, Jun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 14: Fig. S1. Distribution of IBD tract lengths within populations (cultivated Asian-cultivated Asian, wild Asian-wild Asian, cultivated European-cultivated European, and wild European-wild European) and between populations (cultivated Asian-wild Asian, cultivated Asian-cultivated European, cultivated Asian-wild European, wild Asian-cultivated European, wild Asian-wild European, and cultivated European-wild European). WE, wild European; CA, cultivated Asian; WE, wild European; and CE, cultivated European.
Punctured polygons and polyominoes on the square lattice
Creators: name: Guttmann, Anthony J
name: Jensen, Iwan
name: Wong, Ling Heng
name: Enting, Ian G
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the finite lattice method to count the number of punctured staircase and self-avoiding polygons with up to three holes on the square lattice. New or radically extended series have been derived for both the perimeter and area generating functions. We show that the critical point is unchanged by a finite number of punctures, and that the critical exponent increases by a fixed amount for each puncture. The increase is 1.5 per puncture when enumerating by perimeter and 1.0 when enumerating by area. A refined estimate of the connective constant for polygons by area is given. A similar set of results is obtained for finitely punctured polyominoes. The exponent increase is proved to be 1.0 per puncture for polyominoes.
description: 36 pages, 11 figures
Discovery of the First Low-Luminosity Quasar at z > 7
Creators: name: Matsuoka, Yoshiki
name: Onoue, Masafusa
name: Kashikawa, Nobunari
name: Strauss, Michael A.
name: Iwasawa, Kazushi
name: Lee, Chien-Hsiu
name: Imanishi, Masatoshi
name: Nagao, Tohru
name: Akiyama, Masayuki
name: Asami, Naoko
name: Bosch, James
name: Furusawa, Hisanori
name: Goto, Tomotsugu
name: Gunn, James E.
name: Harikane, Yuichi
name: Ikeda, Hiroyuki
name: Izumi, Takuma
name: Kawaguchi, Toshihiro
name: Kato, Nanako
name: Kikuta, Satoshi
name: Kohno, Kotaro
name: Komiyama, Yutaka
name: Koyama, Shuhei
name: Lupton, Robert H.
name: Minezaki, Takeo
name: Miyazaki, Satoshi
name: Murayama, Hitoshi
name: Niida, Mana
name: Nishizawa, Atsushi J.
name: Noboriguchi, Akatoki
name: Oguri, Masamune
name: Ono, Yoshiaki
name: Ouchi, Masami
name: Price, Paul A.
name: Sameshima, Hiroaki
name: Schulze, Andreas
name: Shirakata, Hikari
name: Silverman, John D.
name: Sugiyama, Naoshi
name: Tait, Philip J.
name: Takada, Masahiro
name: Takata, Tadafumi
name: Tanaka, Masayuki
name: Tang, Ji-Jia
name: Toba, Yoshiki
name: Utsumi, Yousuke
name: Wang, Shiang-Yu
name: Yamashita, Takuji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of a quasar at z = 7.07, which was selected from the deep multi-band imaging data collected by the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) Subaru Strategic Program survey. This quasar, HSC J124353.93+010038.5, has an order of magnitude lower luminosity than do the other known quasars at z > 7. The rest-frame ultraviolet absolute magnitude is M1450 = -24.13 +/- 0.08 mag and the bolometric luminosity is Lbol = (1.4 +/- 0.1) x 10^{46} erg/s. Its spectrum in the optical to near-infrared shows strong emission lines, and shows evidence for a fast gas outflow, as the C IV line is blueshifted and there is indication of broad absorption lines. The Mg II-based black hole mass is Mbh = (3.3 +/- 2.0) x 10^8 Msun, thus indicating a moderate mass accretion rate with an Eddington ratio 0.34 +/- 0.20. It is the first z > 7 quasar with sub-Eddington accretion, besides being the third most distant quasar, known to date. The luminosity and black hole mass are comparable to, or even lower than, those measured for the majority of low-z quasars discovered by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, and thus this quasar likely represents a z > 7 counterpart to quasars commonly observed in the low-z universe.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
How college geoscience instructors report finding and implementing virtual field experiences for their courses
Creators: name: Foley, Kristen
name: Petcovic, Heather L.
name: Semken, Steven
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: Virtual field experiences (VFEs) are augments to traditional fieldwork in the geosciences that are seeing increasing use in college courses. However, VFEs that are not easily located and implemented in courses by geoscience instructors have little to no value. This qualitative, descriptive study engaged five focus groups of U.S. college geoscience instructors from diverse institutions to investigate how they search for, select, and implement VFEs in their courses. Each 1-to-1.5-h focus group session of 3–7 participants was recorded on video-conferencing software and transcribed for analysis. Findings suggest that instructors consider a wide range of digital resources to be VFEs, including YouTube videos, GigaPans, photos, and websites, as well as open educational resources such as immersive virtual field trips. Instructors invest significant time to search for and adapt VFEs to meet their course needs because most available VFEs, although offering quality content, do not closely target instructors’ learning goals. Instructors recognize that VFEs provide opportunities for students who may not otherwise be able to go into the field, and often find the resources they intend to use through their professional networks. Results of this study may help other instructors search for and implement VFEs more effectively, and may help VFE developers understand what instructors want from VFEs, thereby enabling them to design more flexible and adaptive resources and market their products in places more easily accessible by instructors.
Extending Sensitivity for Low-Mass Neutral Heavy Lepton Searches
Creators: name: Johnson, Loretta M.
name: McKay, Douglas W.
name: Bolton, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out the importance of two-body final states of weak isosinglet neutral heavy leptons predicted in several models of new physics beyond the standard model. We concentrate on muon-type neutral heavy leptons $L_μ^0$ with mass $M<2$ GeV which can be searched for with increased sensitivity at a new round of neutrino experiments at CERN and Fermilab. Providing explicit decay rate formulae for the $e e ν$, $eμν$, $μμν$, $πμ$, $ρμ$, and $a_1μ$ final states, we use general scaling features to estimate sensitivity of $L_μ^0$ searches in current and future experiments, emphasizing the importance of the $πμ$ decay mode.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures