cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Deep Brain Stimulation for Tremor Associated with Underlying Ataxia Syndromes: A Case Series and Discussion of Issues
Creators: name: Oyama, Genko
name: Thompson, Amanda
name: Foote, Kelly D.
name: Limotai, Natlada
name: Abd‐El‐Barr, Muhammad
name: Maling, Nicholas
name: Malaty, Irene A.
name: Rodriguez, Ramon L.
name: Subramony, Sankarasubramoney H.
name: Ashizawa, Tetsuo
name: Okun, Michael S.
Publisher: name: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Year: 2014

description: Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been utilized to treat various symptoms in patients suffering from movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease, dystonia, and essential tremor. Though ataxia syndromes have not been formally or frequently addressed with DBS, there are patients with ataxia and associated medication refractory tremor or dystonia who may potentially benefit from therapy. Methods: A retrospective database review was performed, searching for cases of ataxia where tremor and/or dystonia were addressed by utilizing DBS at the University of Florida Center for Movement Disorders and Neurorestoration between 2008 and 2011. Five patients were found who had DBS implantation to address either medication refractory tremor or dystonia. The patient's underlying diagnoses included spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2), fragile X associated tremor ataxia syndrome (FXTAS), a case of idiopathic ataxia (ataxia not otherwise specified [NOS]), spinocerebellar ataxia type 17 (SCA17), and a senataxin mutation (SETX). Results: DBS improved medication refractory tremor in the SCA2 and the ataxia NOS patients. The outcome for the FXTAS patient was poor. DBS improved dystonia in the SCA17 and SETX patients, although dystonia did not improve in the lower extremities of the SCA17 patient. All patients reported a transient gait dysfunction postoperatively, and there were no reports of improvement in ataxia‐related symptoms. Discussion: DBS may be an option to treat tremor, inclusive of dystonic tremor in patients with underlying ataxia; however, gait and other symptoms may possibly be worsened. Erratum published on July 27, 2016
description: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Rousseau and modern environmentalism
Creators: name: Singer, Kenneth William
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Swiss philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau has been analyzed and characterized in many ways, but the relationship between certain aspects of his thought and what can be called eco-philosophy has not been pursued. Rousseau's ideas of man's relationship with nature, his condemnation of bourgeios society, the scientific/mechanistic paradigm and the idea of progress have distinct parallels to the thought of traditional eco-philosophers such as Thoreau, Muir and Leopold. Though Rousseau's thought is decidedly anthropocentric and therefore utilitarian in its ethical content, he did favour a careful stewardship of nature which rejected treating it as a resource to be exploited. Instead, he saw God's handiwork in the natural world and felt a great reverence for it. To facilitate this understanding, he studied botany and took many solitary walks in the wilderness as a means of achieving a greater appreciation of its natural beauty and his place within it. In addition, Rousseau's advocacy of direct democracy and small self-sufficient agrarian communities also reflect modern positions, particularly those of Bookchin, Schumacher and the leaders of the various Green movements. Evidence from his work, thus, will be presented to support the contention that his philosophy has distinct parallels to these modern perspectives. While much of his thought seems hopelessly Utopian in the light of modern realities, there is a great deal that is relevant to the environmental problems modern society faces.
Correlated Fermions on a Checkerboard Lattice
Creators: name: Pollmann, F.
name: Betouras, J. J.
name: Shtengel, K.
name: Fulde, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model of strongly correlated spinless fermions hopping on a checkerboard lattice is mapped onto a quantum fully-packed loop model. We identify a large number of fluctuationless states specific to the fermionic case. We also show that for a class of fluctuating states, the fermionic sign problem can be gauged away. This claim is supported by numerically evaluating the energies of the low-lying states. Furthermore, we analyze in detail the excitations at the Rokhsar-Kivelson point of this model thereby using the relation to the height model and the single-mode approximation.
description: 4 Pages, 3 Figures; v4: updated version published in Phys. Rev. Lett.; one reference added
Modeling and Accomplishing the BEREC Network Neutrality Policy
Creators: name: Barreto, David S.
name: Reale, Rafael F.
name: Martins, Joberto S. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.6; C.2.3
subject: 68 (Primary) 68R12 (Secondary)

description: Network neutrality (NN) is a principle of equal treatment of data in network infrastructures with fairness and universality being the primary outcomes of the NN management practice. For networks, the accomplishment of NN management practice is essential to deal with heterogeneous user requirements and the ever-increasing data traffic. Current tools and methods address the NN problem by detecting network neutrality violations and detecting traffic differentiation. This paper proposes the NN-PCM (Network Neutrality Policy Conformance Module) that deploys the BEREC network neutrality policy using a bandwidth allocation model (BAM). The NN-PCM new approach allocates bandwidth to network users and accomplishes the BEREC NN policy concomitantly. Network neutrality is achieved by grouping users with similar traffic requirements in classes and leveraging the bandwidth allocation model's characteristics. The conceptual analysis and simulation results indicate that NN-PCM allocates bandwidth to users and accomplishes BEREC network neutrality conformance by design with transparent, non-discriminatory, exceptional, and proportional management practices.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures, IJNM preprint
The GABA Hypothesis in Essential Tremor: Lights and Shadows
Creators: name: Gironell, Alexandre
Publisher: name: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Year: 2014

description: Background: The gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) hypothesis in essential tremor (ET) implies a disturbance of the GABAergic system, especially involving the cerebellum. This review examines the evidence of the GABA hypothesis. Methods: The review is based on published data about GABA dysfunction in ET, taking into account studies on cerebrospinal fluid, pathology, electrophysiology, genetics, neuroimaging, experimental animal models, and human drug therapies. Results: Findings from several studies support the GABA hypothesis in ET. The hypothesis follows four steps: 1) cerebellar neurodegeneration with Purkinje cell loss; 2) a decrease in GABA system activity in deep cerebellar neurons; 3) disinhibition in output deep cerebellar neurons with pacemaker activity; and 4) an increase in rhythmic activity of the thalamus and thalamo‐cortical circuit, contributing to the generation of tremor. Doubts have been cast on this hypothesis, however, by the fact that it is based on relatively few works, controversial post‐mortem findings, and negative genetic studies on the GABA system. Furthermore, GABAergic drug efficacy is low and some GABAergic drugs do not have antitremoric efficacy. Discussion: The GABA hypothesis continues to be the most robust pathophysiological hypothesis to explain ET. There is light in all GABA hypothesis steps, but a number of shadows cannot be overlooked. We need more studies to clarify the neurodegenerative nature of the disease, to confirm the decrease of GABA activity in the cerebellum, and to test more therapies that enhance the GABA transmission specifically in the cerebellum area.
description: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Large voltage-tunable spin valve based on a double quantum dot
Creators: name: Tulewicz, Patrycja
name: Wrzesniewski, Kacper
name: Csonka, Szabolcs
name: Weymann, Ireneusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spin-dependent transport properties of a spin valve based on a double quantum dot. Each quantum dot is assumed to be strongly coupled to its own ferromagnetic lead, while the coupling between the dots is relatively weak. The current flowing through the system is determined within the perturbation theory in the hopping between the dots, whereas the spectrum of a quantum dot-ferromagnetic lead subsystem is determined by means of the numerical renormalization group method. The spin-dependent charge fluctuations between ferromagnets and quantum dots generate an effective exchange field, which splits the double dot levels. Such field can be controlled, separately for each quantum dot, by the gate voltages or by changing the magnetic configuration of external leads. We demonstrate that the considered double quantum dot spin valve setup exhibits enhanced magnetoresistive properties, including both normal and inverse tunnel magnetoresistance. We also show that this system allows for the generation of highly spin-polarized currents, which can be controlled by purely electrical means. The considered double quantum dot with ferromagnetic contacts can thus serve as an efficient voltage-tunable spin valve characterized by high output parameters.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
Υστεροσκοπικά ευρήματα μετά από αποτυχημένες προσπάθειες εξωσωματικής γονιμοποίησης
Creators: name: Ζαβλανός, Απόστολος Ι.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2007
Subjects: Ενδομήτριες παθολογίες
Endouterine abnormalities

description: Σκοπός της μελέτης ήταν να διερευνήσει τον ρόλο που μπορεί να διαδραματίσει η υστεροσκόπηση στην ανακάλυψη αδιάγνωστων ενδομήτριων παθολογιών και να εκτιμήσει την πιθανή βελτίωση που αποφέρει η διόρθωση τους στο ποσοστό εμφύτευσης και κύησης. Συνολικά μελετήθηκαν 162 γυναίκες με υπογονιμότητα, οι οποίες ταξινομήθηκαν σε δύο ομάδες. Την ομάδα Ι(83 γυναίκες) που δεν υποβλήθηκε σε υστεροσκόπηση και την ομάδα ΙΙ(79 γυναίκες) που υποβλήθηκε σε υστεροσκόπηση και υποδιαιρέθηκε με βάση τα υστεροσκοπικά ευρήματα στην ομάδα ΙΙα(47 γυναίκες με φυσιολογικά ευρήματα) και την ομάδα ΙΙβ(32 γυανίκες με παθολογικά ευρήματα). Στο 59,5% των γυναικών τα ευρήματα ήταν φυσιολογικά, ενώ στο 40,5% υπήρχε κάποιας μορφής ενδομήτρια παθολογία, η οποία διορθώθηκε. Αν και δεν διαπιστώθηκε στατιστικώς σημαντική διαφορά των παραμέτρων επιτυχίας της IVF, εντούτοις διαπιστώθηκε μια σαφής τάση βελτίωσης των ποσοστών κύησης και εμφύτευσης. Η αποκάλυψη της ενδομήτριας παθολογίας και η υστεροσκοπική αποκατάσταση τους συνοδεύτηκε από βελτίωση των ποσοστών εμφύτευσης στους κύκλους IVF που ακολούθησαν. Οι παρατηρηθείσες διαφορές αν και δεν ήταν στατιστικά σημαντικές θα μπορούσαν να είναι χρήσιμες σε μετα-ανάλυση ανάλογων μελετών προκειμένου να αποκαλυφθεί ο τελικός ρόλος της υστεροσκοπικής διερεύνησης της ενδομήτριας κοιλότητας
description: The aim of this study was to determine if the office hysteroscopy is of value in the evaluation of intrauterine cavity abnormalities and to evaluate if treatment if these lessions is of any value in improving clinical pregnacy outcome. 162 subfertile women participated in this study and were classified into two groups. Group I(n=83) without office hysteroscopy. Group II(n=79) had office hysteroscopy and was subcategorised into Group IIa(n=47) who had normal hysteroscopic findings whereas Group IIb(n=32) had abnormal findings. Among the 79 women who had office hysteroscopy, 32(40,5%) women were found to have uterine cavity abnormalities and underwent treatment to correct the lessions. Although, there was no significant difference in the paramenters of IVF cycles between women in Group I, Group IIa and Group IIb, we found a clear improvement in pregnancy rates and implantation rate in women who had had office hysteroscopy. Office hysteroscopy is a reliable diagnostic tool to evaluate uterine cavity abnormalities in women with history of repeated IVF failures. Correction of these intrauterine lesions may improve the implantation rates as well as enhances the clinical pregnancy outcome
The Progression of Posterior Cortical Atrophy to Corticobasal Syndrome: Lumping or Splitting Neurodegenerative Diseases?
Creators: name: Giorelli, Maurizio
name: Losignore, Nunzia Alessandra
name: Bagnoli, Junia
name: Difazio, Pasquale
name: Zimatore, Giovanni Bosco
Publisher: name: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Year: 2014

description: Background: Posterior cortical atrophy is a clinical syndrome that is characterized by the progressive loss of visuospatial integration and is associated with neurodegenerative conditions. Case Report: We describe a 60‐year‐old female with simultanagnosia, oculomotor apraxia, and optic ataxia for which she received an initial clinical diagnosis of posterior cortical atrophy. Three years later, she developed Balint's syndrome, Gerstmann's syndrome, left alien hand syndrome, smooth asymmetric (left) rigidity, cortical sensory loss, and spontaneous myoclonic jerks of the left arm, which suggested a final diagnosis of corticobasal syndrome. Discussion: This case report indicates that corticobasal syndrome may present with visuospatial deficits.
description: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Nonlinear optical eigenmodes : perturbative approach for classical fields and single photons
Creators: name: Docherty-Walthew, Graeme Scott
Publisher: name: University of St Andrews
Year: 2020

description: In linear optics, the concept of a mode or eigenmode is well established. Often these modes correspond to a set of fields that are mutually orthogonal with intensity profiles that are invariant as they propagate through a given optical system. More generally, using an eigenmode decomposition, one can define a set of orthogonal modes with respect to an optical measure given that is linear in the intensity of the fields or Hermitian in the fields themselves. However, if the intensity of the light is sufficiently large, the dipole response of an optical medium includes nonlinear terms that cause the eigenmode decomposition to break down. In this work, we introduce the eigenmode decomposition in the presence of these nonlinear source terms by introducing small perturbation fields whose interaction is mediated by some high-intensity background field. Unlike the eigenmodes of linear optics, these novel modes correspond to a set of orthogonal fields that are, in general, distributed across multiple wavelengths. Here, we study the definition and interaction of these eigenmodes for classical electromagnetic fields and multiphoton fields. In the context of classical fields, with our eigenmodes established, we highlight the influence of the high-intensity background field on the symmetry of the eigenmodes. At the multiphoton level, we show that the description of multiphoton fields is simplified by using the propagation eigenmodes while remaining equivalent to the standard approach.
Mild Cognitive Impairment, Dementia, and Affective Disorders in Essential Tremor: A Prospective Study
Creators: name: Sinoff, Gary
name: Badarny, Samih
Publisher: name: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Year: 2014

description: Background: It is now reported that non‐motor features, cognitive and affective problems, are becoming a major factor in essential tremor (ET). The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of cognitive and affective dysfunction in ET and to prospectively follow‐up changes in the subjects. Methods: Fifty‐two persons over the age of 50 years were recruited from the Movement Disorder Clinic. The subjects underwent baseline neurological, cognitive, and mood assessments and repeat assessment 2 years later. Results: The mean age was 68 years, with an average age of ET onset of 55.8 years and with a mean disease duration of 11.7 years. At initial cognitive assessment using various instruments and the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale, 69.2% had mild cognitive impairment (MCI). There were disturbances in phonemic fluency, verbal memory, concentration, and semantic fluency; 25% suffered from anxiety and 17.6% from depression. During the 2 years there was an annual 8.4% conversion rate to dementia, with all convertors initially suffering from MCI. Another 25% converted from no initial cognitive impairment to MCI within 2 years. At follow‐up the same percentage was still suffering from anxiety. Discussion: The study confirms our hypothesis that ET patients suffer from MCI and anxiety. Though a control group was not used, the conversion rates for patients without ET and with/without MCI are known. The uniqueness of this study is that at follow‐up, those with ET and MCI had a similar conversion rate to dementia to those suffering from MCI only. Additionally, persons with ET and no initial cognitive impairment were found to be at greater risk for developing MCI than the normal population. Clinicians must increase their awareness of cognitive impairment and anxiety in persons with ET and begin immediate treatment when indicated.
description: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Εκτίμηση του βάθους της αναισθησίας με τη μέθοδο του διφασματικού δείκτη και αξιολόγηση της "stress αντίδρασης" κατά την καισαρική τομή
Creators: name: Σπανόπουλος, Κωνσταντίνος Σ.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2007
Subjects: Stress αντίδραση
Προποφόλη
Θειοπεντάλη
Σεβοφλουράνιο
Stress response
Propofol
Thiopental
Sevoflurane

description: Στη μελέτη αυτή αξιολογήθηκε το βάθος και η επάρκεια της γενικής αναισθησίας ανάμεσα σε επίτοκες που έλαβαν προποφόλη και θειοπεντάλη για την εισαγωγή καθώς και μεταξύ εκείνων που έλαβαν προποφόλη και σεβοφλουράνιο για τη διατήρηση της αναισθησίας κατά την καισαρική τομή. Για το σκοπό αυτό έγινε χρήση του διφασματικού δείκτη, των αιμοδυναμικών παραμέτρων και εκτιμήθηκαν οι μεταβολές διεγχειρητικά της κορτιζόλης και της Β-ενδορφίνης. Διαπιστώθηκε πως η προποφόλη επιτυγχάνει βαθύτερη ύπνωση σε σχέση με η θειοπεντάλη κατά την εισαγωγή στην αναισθησία. Επίσης ο ίδιος παράγοντας μπορεί να προσφέρει μια καλή εναλλακτική λύση για τη διατήρηση της αναισθησίας έναντι του πτητικού αναισθητικού σεβοφλουρανίου που χρησιμοποιείται παραδοσιακά για το σκοπό αυτό
description: This study aims to assess the adequacy of general anaesthesia administered to the mother during caesarean section delivery. For this purpose we used the bispectral index monitoring and the degree of haemodynamic and endocrine stress response by determining the maternal plasm levels of cortisol and b-endorphin. The use of propofol for induction achieves deeper anaesthesia compared with the traditionally used thiopental. When administered via continnous intravenous drip in order to maintain anaesthesia during a caesarean section, propofol is a good alternative to volatile anaesthetic agents(such as sevoflurane) that is traditionally used for this purpose
General local energy-preserving integrators for solving multi-symplectic Hamiltonian PDEs
Creators: name: Li, Yuwen
name: Wu, Xinyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we propose and investigate a general approach to constructing local energy-preserving algorithms which can be of arbitrarily high order in time for solving Hamiltonian PDEs. This approach is based on the temporal discretization using continuous Runge-Kutta-type methods, and the spatial discretization using pseudospectral methods or Gauss--Legendre collocation methods. The local energy conservation law of our new schemes is analyzed in detail. The effectiveness of the novel local energy-preserving integrators is demonstrated by coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations and 2D nonlinear Schrödinger equations with external fields. Our new schemes are compared with some classical multi-symplectic and symplectic schemes in numerical experiments. The numerical results show the remarkable \emph{long-term} behaviour of our new schemes.
Functional Keldysh Theory of Spin Torques
Creators: name: Duine, R. A.
name: Nunez, A. S.
name: Sinova, Jairo
name: MacDonald, A. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a microscopic treatment of current-induced torques and thermal fluctuations in itinerant ferromagnets based on a functional formulation of the Keldysh formalism. We find that the nonequilibrium magnetization dynamics is governed by a stochastic Landau-Lifschitz-Gilbert equation with spin transfer torques. We calculate the Gilbert damping parameter $α$ and the non-adiabatic spin transfer torque parameter $β$ for a model ferromagnet. We find that $β\neq α$, in agreement with the results obtained using imaginary-time methods of Kohno, Tatara and Shibata [J. Phys. Soc. Japan 75, 113706 (2006)]. We comment on the relationship between $s-d$ and isotropic-Stoner toy models of ferromagnetism and more realistic density-functional-theory models, and on the implications of these relationships for predictions of the $β/α$ ratio which plays a central role in domain wall motion. Only for a single-parabolic-band isotropic-Stoner model with an exchange splitting that is small compared to the Fermi energy does $β/α$ approach one. In addition, our microscopic formalism incorporates naturally the fluctuations needed in a nonzero-temperature description of the magnetization. We find that to first order in the applied electric field, the usual form of thermal fluctuations via a phenomenological stochastic magnetic field holds.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
Intertwined non-trivial band topology and giant Rashba spin splitting
Creators: name: Mondal, Chiranjit
name: Barman, Chanchal K.
name: Alam, Aftab
name: Pathak, Biswarup
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Composite quantum compounds (CQCs) have become an important avenue for the investigation of inter-correlation between two distinct phenomenon in physics. Topological superconductors, axion insulators etc. are few such CQCs which have recently drawn tremendous attention in the community. Topological nontriviality and Rashba spin physics are two different quantum phenomena but can be intertwined within a CQC platform. In this letter, we present a general symmetry based mechanism, supported by \textit{ab-initio} calculations to achieve intertwined giant Rashba splitting and topological non-trivial states simultaneously in a single crystalline system. Such co-existent properties can further be tuned to achieve other rich phenomenon. We have achieved Rashba splitting energy ($ΔE$) and Rashba coefficient ($α$) values as large as 161 meV and 4.87 eV$Å$ respectively in conjunction with Weyl semimetal phase in KSnSb$_{0.625}$Bi$_{0.375}$. Interestingly, these values are even larger than the values reported for widely studied topologically trivial Rashba semiconductor BiTeI. The advantage of our present analysis is that one can achieve various topological phases without compromising the Rashba parameters, within this CQC platform.
Optical Study of the Free Carrier Response of LaTiO3/SrTiO3 Superlattices
Creators: name: Seo, S. S. A.
name: Choi, W. S.
name: Lee, H. N.
name: Yu, L.
name: Kim, K. W.
name: Bernhard, C.
name: Noh, T. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We used infrared spectroscopic ellipsometry to investigate the electronic properties of LaTiO3/SrTiO3 superlattices (SLs). Our results indicated that, independent of the SL periodicity and individual layer-thickness, the SLs exhibited a Drude metallic response with sheet carrier density per interface ~3x10^14 cm^-2. This is probably due to the leakage of d-electrons at interfaces from the Mott insulator LaTiO3 to the band insulator SrTiO3. We observed a carrier relaxation time ~ 35 fs and mobility ~ 35 cm^2V^-1s^-1 at 10 K, and an unusual temperature dependence of carrier density that was attributed to the dielectric screening of quantum paraelectric SrTiO3.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Ανατομική μελέτη αγγειακών και κυτταρικών διαφορών μεταξύ του διαφραγματικού και του κροταφικού τμήματος του ιπποκάμπειου σχηματισμού του εγκεφάλου του επίμυος
Creators: name: Γρίβας, Ιωάννης Κ.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2006
Subjects: Ιπποκάμπειος σχηματισμός
Διαφραγματικός/κροταφικός άξονας
Αγγείωση
Ισχαιμία
Αστροκύτταρα
Hippocampal formation
Septotemporal axis
Ischemia
Vascularization
Astrocytes

description: Στην παρούσα εργασία μελετήθηκαν συγκριτικά αγγειακά και κυτταρικά χαρακτηριστικά του διαφραγματικού και του κροταφικού τμήματος του ιπποκάμπειου σχηματισμού του εγκέφαλου του επίμυος. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, μετρήθηκαν σε όλα τα πεδία και τις στιβάδες των δύο τμημάτων του ιπποκάμπειου σχηματισμού η πυκνότητα και η διάμετρος των αιμοφόρων αγγείων συνολικά και αναλυτικότερα των τριχοειδών, των μεσαίου μεγέθους και των μεγάλου μεγέθους αγγείων, η πυκνότητα των αστροκυτταρικών (GFAP-ανοσοδραστικών) στοιχείων και ο αριθμός των nNOS-ανοσοδραστικών νευρώνων. Μετρήθηκαν επίσης συγκριτικά ο αριθμός των ασύμμετρων και των συμμετρικών συνάψεων στο κυτταρικό σώμα των nNOS-ανοσοδραστικών νευρώνων του πεδίου CA1 του κυρίως ιππόκαμπου, ο αριθμός των συνάψεων στο κυτταρικό σώμα των πυραμιδοειδών κυττάρων του πεδίου CA1 και ο αριθμός των ασύμμετρων συνάψεων στο νευροπίλημα της ακτινωτής στιβάδας του πεδίου CA1. Διαπιστώθηκαν διαφορές για τις παραμέτρους που μετρήθηκαν μεταξύ του διαφραγματικού και του κροταφικού τμήματος του ιπποκάμπειου σχηματισμού, οι οποίες είναι στατιστικά σημαντικές
description: The present study examines comparatively vascular and cellular parameters of the septal and the temporal hippocampal formation of the rat brain. More specifically the density and the diameter of capillaries, of medium and large vessels, the density of astrocytic (GFAP-immunoreactive) elements and the number of nNOS-immunoreactive neurons were measured in all fields and layers of the two parts of the hippocampal formation. The number of asymmetrical and symmetrical synapses on the cell soma of nNOS-immunoreactive neurons of the field CA1 of hippocampus proper, the number of synapses on the cell soma of pyramidal neurons of the field CA1 and the number of asymmetrical synapses in the neuropil of stratum radiatum of the field CA1, were also comparatively counted. Statistically important differences were found between the septal and the temporal hippocampal formation for the measured parameters
Non-collinear Exchange Coupling in Trilayer Magnetic Junction and its Connection to Fermi Surface Topology
Creators: name: Huang, Wen-Min
name: Chang, Cheng-Hung
name: Lin, Hsiu-Hau
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the non-collinear exchange coupling across the trilayer magnetic junction composed of an intermediate layer with Rashba interaction and two sandwiching ferromagnetic ones. To compute the mediated exchange coupling, one needs to go beyond the single-particle argument and integrate over the contributions from the whole Fermi surface. Surprisingly, we find that the topology of the Fermi surface plays a crucial role in determining whether the oscillatory RKKY or the spiral interactions would dominate. At the end, we discuss the connection of our numerical results to experiments and potential applications.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, final version to appear in PRB Rapid Communication
REM Sleep Behavior and Motor Findings in Parkinson’s Disease: A Cross-sectional Analysis
Creators: name: Mahajan, Abhimanyu
name: Rosenthal, Liana S.
name: Gamaldo, Charlene
name: Salas, Rachel E.
name: Pontone, Gregory M.
name: McCoy, Arita
name: Umeh, Chizoba
name: Mari, Zoltan
Publisher: name: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Year: 2014

description: Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) represents a major public health challenge that will only grow in our aging population. Understanding the connection between PD and associated prodromal conditions, such as rapid eye movement sleep behavioral disorder (RBD), is critical to identifying prevention strategies. However, the relationship between RBD and severity of motor findings in early PD is unknown. This study aims to examine this relationship. Methods: The study population consisted of 418 PD patients who completed the Movement Disorders Society‐United Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS‐UPDRS) and rapid eye movement sleep (REM) disorder questionnaires at the baseline visit of the Michael J. Fox's Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI). Cross‐sectional analysis was carried out to assess the association between REM Sleep Behavior Screening Questionnaire score and MDS UPDRS‐3 (motor) score categories. Correlation with a higher score category was described as “worse motor findings”. A score of 5 on the REM disorder questionnaire was defined as predictive of RBD. Results: Out of the 418 PD patients, 113 (27.0%) had RBD. With univariate logistic regression analysis, individuals with scores predictive of RBD were 1.66 times more likely to have worse motor findings (p = 0.028). Even with age, gender, and Geriatric Depression Scale scores taken into account, individuals with scores predictive of RBD were 1.69 times more likely to have worse motor findings (p = 0.025). Discussion: PD patients with RBD symptoms had worse motor findings than those unlikely to have RBD. This association provides further evidence for the relationship between RBD and PD.
description: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Characteristics of Task-specific Tremor in String Instrument Players
Creators: name: Lee, André
name: Chadde, Mareike
name: Altenmüller, Eckart
name: Schoonderwaldt, Erwin
Publisher: name: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Year: 2014

description: Background: In recent studies primary bowing tremor has been described; however, tremor frequency has never been quantitatively assessed. In addition to describing phenomenological aspects of tremor we thus aimed at assessing tremor frequency. Our hypothesis was that primary bowing tremor is similar to the phenomenological aspects and frequency of primary writing tremor. Methods: We quantified primary bowing tremor in four violinists under two conditions: open strings and a G major scale. Data were analyzed using empirical mode decomposition because it takes into account non‐stationarity and non‐linearity of signals. For each patient we further described tremor phenomenology and assessed symptom onset, risk factors, medication, and family history with a structured anamnesis. We compare the findings to previous findings for primary bowing tremor and primary writing tremor. Results: We mainly found a flexion–extension tremor of the wrist with a frequency range of 4.7–6.7 Hz. There was no significant difference between the conditions. Mean onset age was 43±2.4 years. Medication included trihexyphenidyl, propranolol, primidone, and botulinum toxin. We found a positive family history in two patients and an injury prior to symptom onset in another two patients. Comparison of onset age, frequency range, family history, and injuries prior to onset revealed that our findings are very similar to previous findings on primary bowing tremor and primary writing tremor. Discussion: Our findings confirmed our hypothesis that primary bowing tremor is similar to primary writing tremor, with regard to phenomenology and epidemiology as well as tremor frequency. There was no difference in tremor frequency between conditions, suggesting that tremor is not influenced by bimanual coordination or bowing speed. Our findings thus provide new phenomenological aspects and may contribute to a better understanding of primary bowing tremor.
description: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Patient-Reported Needs, Non-Motor Symptoms, and Quality of Life in Essential Tremor and Parkinson’s Disease
Creators: name: Lageman, Sarah Kathryn
name: Cash, Therese V.
name: Mickens, Melody N.
Publisher: name: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Year: 2014

description: Background: Non‐motor symptoms, quality of life, service needs, and barriers to care of individuals with movement disorders are not well explored. This study assessed these domains within a sample of individuals with essential tremor (ET) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods: A survey exploring symptoms, needs, and barriers to care was disseminated to a convenience sample (N = 96) of individuals with a primary diagnosis of ET (N = 19) or PD (N = 77). Results: Similarities in overall quality of life and impact on daily functioning were found across individuals with ET and PD. Noteworthy differences included endorsement of different types of service needs and utilization patterns and fewer non‐motor symptoms reported among those with ET (M = 6.1, SD = 2.4) than those with PD (M = 10.4, SD = 3.4). Non‐motor symptoms significantly impacted movement disorder‐related quality of life for both diagnostic groups, but this relationship was stronger for individuals with ET, t(12) = 3.69, p = 0.003, β = 0.73 than with PD, t(56) = 4.00, p<0.001, β = 0.47. Individuals with ET also reported higher rates of stigma (31.6% vs. 7.8%) and greater impact of non‐motor symptoms on emotional well‐being, R2 = 0.37, F(1, 13) = 7.17, p = 0.020. Discussion: This is the first study to describe and compare the needs, barriers to care, and impact on quality of life of two distinct movement disorder groups. Our results support the recent efforts of the field to identify interventions to address the non‐motor symptoms of movement disorders and indicate need for greater appreciation of the specific differences in symptoms and quality of life experienced across movement disorder diagnoses.
description: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Brittle Dyskinesia Following STN but not GPi Deep Brain Stimulation
Creators: name: Sriram, Ashok
name: Foote, Kelly D.
name: Oyama, Genko
name: Kwak, Joshua
name: Zeilman, Pamela R.
name: Okun, Michael S.
Publisher: name: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Year: 2014

description: Background: The aim was to describe the prevalence and characteristics of difficult to manage dyskinesia associated with subthalamic nucleus (STN) deep brain stimulation (DBS). A small subset of STN DBS patients experience troublesome dyskinesia despite optimal programming and medication adjustments. This group of patients has been referred to by some practitioners as brittle STN DBS‐induced dyskinesia, drawing on comparisons with brittle diabetics experiencing severe blood sugar regulation issues and on a single description by McLellan in 1982. We sought to describe, and also to investigate how often the “brittle” phenomenon occurs in a relatively large DBS practice. Methods: An Institutional Review Board‐approved patient database was reviewed, and all STN and globus pallidus internus (GPi) DBS patients who had surgery at the University of Florida from July 2002 to July 2012 were extracted for analysis. Results: There were 179 total STN DBS patients and, of those, four STN DBS (2.2%) cases were identified as having dyskinesia that could not be managed without the induction of an “off state,” or by the precipitation of a severe dyskinesia despite vigorous stimulation and medication adjustments. Of 75 GPi DBS cases reviewed, none (0%) was identified as having brittle dyskinesia. One STN DBS patient was successfully rescued by bilateral GPi DBS. Discussion: Understanding the potential risk factors for postoperative troublesome and brittle dyskinesia may have an impact on the initial surgical target selection (STN vs. GPI) in DBS therapy. Rescue GPi DBS therapy may be a viable treatment option, though more cases will be required to verify this observation.
description: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
In the Gray Zone in the Fragile X Gene: What are the Key Unanswered Clinical and Biological Questions?
Creators: name: Hall, Deborah Ann
Publisher: name: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Year: 2014

description: Smaller expansions (41–54 CGG repeats) in the fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene are termed “gray zone” alleles. Only recently has interest in these expansions increased due to reporting of phenotypes unique to gray zone carriers or similar to those seen in individuals with larger expansions. As minimal research has focused on gray zone expansions, this paper asks several questions related to this topic. These include the following: What is the definition of the gray zone? Is there a risk of developing neurological signs in these carriers? Are there secondary gene effects that impact gray zone alleles or a biologic advantage to carrying these repeats? How do we counsel patients with gray zone expansions? The answers to these questions will help to determine the significance of these expansions and provide needed information to the research community and clinicians.
description: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Bar-driven injection of intergalactic matter into galactic halos
Creators: name: Lopez-Corredoira, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: AIMS. The non-conservative gravitational potential of barred galaxies, or of any other non-axisymmetric structure, produces a loss of energy in infalling particles of the intergalactic medium into the galaxy, which are trapped in its potential. This dynamical friction can contribute towards increasing the total mass of barred galaxies. METHODS. Analytical calculations of the energy loss are carried out using the orbits of the particles derived numerically. Theoretical predictions are compared with observations through the statistical analysis of the rotation curves of barred and non-barred galaxies, either in cluster or field galaxies. RESULTS. There is a net effect of accretion, but it is normally very low in relative terms. It is only significant (>10% of the total mass of the dark matter halo in the life of the galaxy) if the density of the intergalactic medium is higher than ~3e13 Msun/Mpc^3 (or considerably lower in cases of motions of the galaxies close to the IGM average motion, or perpendicular to the plane of the galaxy, or when the halo mass is low). Data on rotation curves do not show clear trends towards higher halo mass for barred galaxies, only slight trends for early-type spiral galaxies. In any case, the statistical uncertainties are limited to the detection of differences in masses >~20%, so the effect of bar-driven injection of intergalactic matter into galactic halos might be present with relative contributions to the average mass of these barred galaxies lower than 20%.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, accepted to be published in A&A
Queer-spectrum and trans-spectrum student experiences in American higher education: the analyses of national survey findings
Creators: name: Greathouse, Maren
name: BrckaLorenz, Allison
name: Hoban, Mary
name: Huesman, Ronald
name: Rankin, Susan
name: Stolzenberg, Ellen Bara
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2018

description: Compelled by the circumstances of Tyler Clementi’s death, the Tyler Clementi Center convened a partnership with four premier postsecondary research centers to better understand the experiences of queer-spectrum and trans-spectrum students attending U.S. institutions of higher education. Our research team reviewed findings from the National Survey of Student Engagement (2017), the Undergraduate Student Experience at the Research University Survey (2016), the American College Health Association-National College Health Assessment (2016), and the four surveys conducted by the Higher Education Research Institute, including The Freshman Survey (2016), the Your First College Year Survey (2016), the Diverse Learning Environments Survey (2016), and the College Senior Survey (2017). Through the extrapolation of queer-spectrum and trans-spectrum student responses among these datasets, our research team assembled a snapshot of their experiences at 4-year colleges and universities in the United States.This snapshot reveals a campus climate that is failing to provide an equitable learning environment for queer-spectrum and trans-spectrum students, along with troubling disparities across academic engagement and student health. In an increasingly data-driven culture, empirical evidence of queer-spectrum and trans-spectrum student experiences is critical not only to the goal of understanding their unique challenges and needs, but paramount to the pursuit of establishing comprehensive resource provisions that ensure their overall success in the academy. Indeed, less than 15% of American colleges and universities have either one full-time employee whose job duties are at least 50% dedicated to, or one graduate assistant who is fully dedicated (20 hours a week), to serving the unique needs of queer-spectrum and trans-spectrum populations.This paper is a call to action for institutional leaders, faculty, and staff. We have a fundamental responsibility to create a campus climate that relieves queer-spectrum and trans-spectrum students of the burden to navigate stigma without mentorship, develop their own queer/trans-affirming social support networks and resource provisions, and/or be obliged to educate the faculty, staff, and clinicians employed to serve their needs.
On the Magnetic Fields of Ultraluminous X-ray Pulsars
Creators: name: Gao, Shi-Jie
name: Li, Xiang-Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: So far quite a few ultraluminous X-ray (ULX) pulsars have been discovered. In this work, we construct a super-Eddington, magnetic accretion disk model to estimate the dipole magnetic field of eight ULX pulsars based on their observed spin-up variations and luminosities. We obtain two branches of dipole magnetic field solutions. They are distributed in the range of $B\sim (0.16-64.5)\times 10^{10}\,{\rm G}$ and $\sim (0.275-79.0)\times 10^{13}\,{\rm G}$ corresponding to the low- and high-$B$ solutions respectively. The low magnetic field solutions correspond to the state that the neutron stars are far away from the spin equilibrium, and the high magnetic field solutions are close to the spin equilibrium. The ultra-strong magnetic fields derived in Be-type ULX pulsars imply that the accretion mode in Be-type ULX pulsars could be more complicated than in the persistent ULX pulsars and may not be accounted for by the magnetized accretion disk model. We suggest that the transition between the accretor and the propeller regimes may be used to distinguish between the low- and high-$B$ magnetic field solutions in addition to the detection of the cyclotron resonance scattering features.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures and 2 tables; Accepted for publication in RAA
Giant Uniaxial Anisotropy in the Magnetic and Transport Properties of CePd5Al2
Creators: name: Onimaru, Takahiro
name: Inoue, Yukihiro F.
name: Shigetoh, Keisuke
name: Umeo, Kazunori
name: Kubo, Hirokazu
name: Ribeiro, Raquel A.
name: Ishida, Akihiro
name: Avila, Marcos A.
name: Ohoyama, Kenji
name: Sera, Masafumi
name: Takabatake, Toshiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrical resistivity rho, magnetic susceptibility chi, magnetization M and specific heat measurements are reported on a singlecrystalline sample of CePd5Al2, showing successive antiferromagnetic orderings at T_N1=4.1 K and T_N2=2.9 K. The temperature dependence of T_N1 shows a Kondo metal behavior with large anisotropy, rho_c/rho_a=3.2 at 20 K, and opening of a superzone gap along the tetragona c-direction below T_N1. Both T_N1 and T_N2 gradually increase with applying pressure up to 2.5 GPa. The data of chi(T) and M(B) in the paramagnetic state were analyzed using a crystalline electric field (CEF) model. It led to a Kramers doublet ground state with wave functions consisting primarily of |+-5/2>, whose energy level is isolated from the excited states by 230 and 300 K. This CEF effect gives rise to the large anisotropy in the paramagnetic state. In the ordered state, the uniaxial magnetic anisotropy is manifested as M_c/M_a=20 in B=5 T and at 1.9 K, and chi_c/chi_a=25 in B=0.1 T and at 4 K. This huge uniaxial magnetic anisotropy in the antiferromagnetic states can be interpreted in terms of isotropic magnetic interaction among the Ce^{3+} moments governed by the strong CEF. In powder neutron diffraction experiments, magnetic reflections were observed owing to the antiferromagnetic ordered states below T_N1, however, no additional reflection was found below T_N2.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, submitted to J. Phys. Soc. Jpn
Do LIGO/Virgo black hole mergers produce AGN flares? The case of GW190521 and prospects for reaching a confident association
Creators: name: Palmese, Antonella
name: Fishbach, Maya
name: Burke, Colin J.
name: Annis, James T.
name: Liu, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent report of an association of the gravitational-wave (GW) binary black hole (BBH) merger GW190521 with a flare in the Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) J124942.3+344929 has generated tremendous excitement. However, GW190521 has one of the largest localization volumes amongst all of the GW events detected so far. The 90\% localization volume likely contains $7,400$ unobscured AGN brighter than $g \leq 20.5$ AB mag, and it results in a $\gtrsim 70\%$ probability of chance coincidence for an AGN flare consistent with the GW event. We present a Bayesian formalism to estimate the confidence of an AGN association by analyzing a population of BBH events with dedicated follow-up observations. Depending on the fraction of BBH arising from AGNs, counterpart searches of $\mathcal{O}(1)-\mathcal{O}(100)$ GW events are needed to establish a confident association, and more than an order of magnitude more for searches without followup (i.e, using only the locations of AGNs and GW events). Follow-up campaigns of the top $\sim 5\%$ (based on volume localization and binary mass) of BBH events with total rest frame mass $\ge 50~M_\odot$ are expected to establish a confident association during the next LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA observing run (O4), as long as the true value of the fraction of BBH giving rise to AGN flares is $>0.1$. Our formalism allows us to jointly infer cosmological parameters from a sample of BBH events that include chance coincidence flares. Until the confidence of AGN associations is established, the probability of chance coincidence must be taken into account to avoid biasing astrophysical and cosmological constraints.
description: 12 pages, 5 Figures, submitted to ApJ