cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
FILLING THE GAP: PROVIDING FORMAL TRAINING FOR EPIDEMIOLOGISTS THROUGH A GRADUATE-LEVEL ONLINE CERTIFICATE IN FIELD EPIDEMIOLOGY
Creators: name: Alexander, Lorraine K.
name: MacDonald, Pia D. M.
name: Davis, Mary V.
name: Ward, Amy
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Of the 10 Essential Public Health Services outlined by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, four services rely heavily on epidemiologic functions,1 yet there is concern that there are not enough skilled epidemiologists in the public health workforce.2 In its 2004 report, “National Assessment of Epidemiologic Capacity: Findings and Recommendations,” the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) reported an increase in epidemiologists working in state and territorial health departments—from 1,366 epidemiologists in the 2003 report (surveyed in 2001–2002) to 2,580 epidemiologists in the 2004 report (surveyed in 2004). In 2004, only 43% of infectious disease epidemiologists reported academic training in epidemiology.1 Furthermore, 64% of epidemiologists working in state and territorial health departments who responded to a 2001–2002 CSTE survey about their abilities to respond to foodborne disease outbreaks indicated that they did not have the capacity to conduct analytic epidemiologic investigations.3
title: Conceptual Design of Dual Cam Mechanisms Using Graph Theory
Creators: name: McClendon, Raymond Lee
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1991

description: This paper presents the theory of graphs and how they can be applied to the conceptual design of dual-cam mechanisms. The graph theory was used to validate the results of previous authors (Hain and Pryor). Several applications of dual cam mechanisms are reviewed.

Algorithms using a process of bit mapping were used to developed all possible non-isomorphic graphs for various classes of mechanisms. A classification method was developed using common occurring substructures found in the graphs. This classification scheme was used for conversion of graphs into schematics. Once the results of Hain were verified, the investigation turned to mechanisms with two cams. The generated schematics represent the basic configurations for all the non-isomorphic mechanisms studied.

The graph theory was able to generate seven colored graphs for five-bar, 1 D.O.F. mechanisms with one cam. For six-bar, 1 D.O.F. dual cam mechanisms, over 110 colored graphs were generated. Finally, 12 colored graphs were generated for five-bar, 2 D.O.F. dual cam mechanisms. Two designs of mechanisms using dual cams were examined. The graphs of the mechanisms were checked against the tables of graphs developed during this investigation.

The method presented in this paper has shown to be both exhaustive and complete. The graphs developed are non-isomorphic (unique). The method is not limited to single degree of freedom mechanisms nor is it limited to the number of desired links. This was a problem encountered in previous investigations. The application of graph theory to the generation of mechanisms did not exhibit these limitations.
Proving superintegrability in $β$-deformed eigenvalue models
Creators: name: Bawane, Aditya
name: Karimi, Pedram
name: Sułkowski, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this note we provide proofs of various expressions for expectation values of symmetric polynomials in $β$-deformed eigenvalue models with quadratic, linear, and logarithmic potentials. The relations we derive are also referred to as superintegrability. Our work completes proofs of superintegrability statements conjectured earlier in literature.
description: 13 pages
Combined exercise during type 2 diabetes: modulation of myocardium metaflammation of male rats
Creators: name: pourfarzad, Kambiz
name: Soori, Rahman
name: HAMEDCHAMAN, NADER
name: Karami, Esmail
name: Riahy, Simin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Exercise physiology
Sport and exercise psychology

description: Abstract Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of combined training (endurance and resistance) on the amount of NLRP3, CASPASE-1 and IL-1β proteins in the cardiac tissue of type 2 diabetic male rats. Methods: 21 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into Healthy Control (C), Diabetic Control (D) and Diabetic with Combined Training (D+COT). After the induction of diabetes, the animals performed combined training for 8 weeks. 48 hours after final session protein expression levels of NLRP3, caspase-1 and IL-1β were assessed by Western blot and Eliza techniques from myocardium. Results: The findings showed that the levels of NLRP-3, caspase-1 and IL-1β proteins in the cardiac tissue of the exercise group were significantly decreased in comparison with the diabetic group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Combined training (endurance-resistance) can reduce the risk factors associated with DCM in the myocardium of type 2 diabetic rats.
Fine-tuned vs. natural supersymmetry: what does the string landscape predict?
Creators: name: Baer, Howard
name: Barger, Vernon
name: Martinez, Dakotah
name: Salam, Shadman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A vast array of (metastable) vacuum solutions arise from string compactifications, each leading to different 4-d laws of physics. The space of these solutions, known as the string landscape, allows for an environmental solution to the cosmological constant problem. We examine the possibility of an environmental solution to the gauge hierarchy problem. We argue that the landscape favors softly broken supersymmetric models over particle physics models containing quadratic divergences, such as the Standard Model. We present a scheme for computing relative probabilities for supersymmetric models to emerge from the landscape. The probabilities are related to the likelihood that the derived value of the weak scale lies within the Agrawal et al. (ABDS) allowed window of values leading to atoms as we know them. This then favors natural SUSY models over unnatural (SUSY and other) models via a computable probability measure.
description: 19 pages with 3 .png figures; version 2 contains added figure and some clarifying text
Hosts and environments: a (large-scale) radio history of AGN and star-forming galaxies
Creators: name: Magliocchetti, Manuela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite their relative sparseness, during the recent years it has become more and more clear that extragalactic radio sources (both AGN and star-forming galaxies) constitute an extremely interesting mix of populations, not only because of their intrinsic value, but also for their fundamental role in shaping our Universe the way we see it today. Indeed, radio-active AGN are now thought to be the main players involved in the evolution of massive galaxies and clusters. At the same time, thanks to the possibility of being observed up to very high redshifts, radio galaxies can also provide crucial information on both the star-formation history of our Universe and on its Large-Scale Structure properties and their evolution. In the light of present and forthcoming facilities such as LOFAR, MeerKAT and SKA that will probe the radio sky to unprecedented depths and widths, this review aims at providing the current state of the art on our knowledge of extragalactic radio sources in connection with their hosts, large-scale environments and cosmological context.
description: 101 pages, 29 figures. Invited review to appear in Astronomy and Astrophysics Review
Consensus Statement on Concussion in Sport: The 4th International Conference on Concussion in Sport Held in Zurich, November 2012
Creators: name: Ellenbogan, Richard
name: McCrory, Paul
name: Raftery, Martin
name: Sills, Allen
name: Turner, Michael
name: Maddocks, David
name: Makdissi, Michael
name: Iverson, Grant L.
name: Cantu, Bob
name: McCrea, Michael
name: Tator, Charles H.
name: Putukian, Margot
name: Engebretsen, Lars
name: Johnston, Karen
name: Benson, Brian W.
name: Purcell, Laura
name: Echemendia, Ruben J.
name: Dvořák, Jiří
name: McIntosh, Andrew S.
name: Kutcher, Jeffrey S.
name: Jordan, Barry D.
name: Guskiewicz, Kevin
name: Kissick, James
name: Meeuwisse, Willem H.
name: Schneider, Kathryn
name: Herring, Stanley A.
name: Aubry, Mark
name: Davis, Gavin A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: This paper is a revision and update of the recommendations developed following the 1st (Vienna 2001), 2nd (Prague 2004) and 3rd (Zurich 2008) International Consensus Conferences on Concussion in Sport and is based on the deliberations at the 4th International Conference on Concussion in Sport held in Zurich, November 2012.1–3 The new 2012 Zurich Consensus statement is designed to build on the principles outlined in the previous documents and to develop further conceptual understanding of this problem using a formal consensus-based approach. A detailed description of the consensus process is outlined at the end of this document under the Background section. This document is developed primarily for use by physicians and healthcare professionals who are involved in the care of injured athletes, whether at the recreational, elite or professional level.
Using Apriori with WEKA for Frequent Pattern Mining
Creators: name: Tanna, Paresh
name: Ghodasara, Yogesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Knowledge exploration from the large set of data,generated as a result of the various data processing activities due to data mining only. Frequent Pattern Mining is a very important undertaking in data mining. Apriori approach applied to generate frequent item set generally espouse candidate generation and pruning techniques for the satisfaction of the desired objective. This paper shows how the different approaches achieve the objective of frequent mining along with the complexities required to perform the job. This paper demonstrates the use of WEKA tool for association rule mining using Apriori algorithm.
description: 5 Pages, 4 Figures, "Published with International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT)"
Quantum nucleation of topological solitons
Creators: name: Eto, Minoru
name: Nitta, Muneto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The chiral soliton lattice is an array of topological solitons realized as ground states of QCD at finite density under strong magnetic fields or rapid rotation, and chiral magnets with an easy-plane anisotropy. In such cases, topological solitons have negative energy due to topological terms originating from the chiral magnetic or vortical effect and the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction, respectively. We study quantum nucleation of topological solitons in the vacuum through quantum tunneling in $2+1$ and $3+1$ dimensions, by using a complex $ϕ^4$ (or the axion) model with a topological term proportional to an external field, which is a simplification of low-energy theories of the above systems. In $2+1$ dimensions, a pair of a vortex and an anti-vortex is connected by a linear soliton, while in $3+1$ dimensions, a vortex is string-like, a soliton is wall-like, and a disk of a soliton wall is bounded by a string loop. Since the tension of solitons can be effectively negative due to the topological term, such a composite configuration of a finite size is created by quantum tunneling and subsequently grows rapidly. We estimate the nucleation probability analytically in the thin-defect approximation and fully calculate it numerically using the relaxation (gradient flow) method. The nucleation probability is maximized when the direction of the soliton is perpendicular to the external field. We find a good agreement between the thin-defect approximation and direct numerical simulation in $2+1$ dimensions if we read the vortex tension from the numerics, while we find a difference between them at short distances interpreted as a remnant energy in $3+1$ dimensions.
description: 26 pages, 8 figures
Using the polarization properties of double radio relics to probe the turbulent compression scenario
Creators: name: Stuardi, C.
name: Bonafede, A.
name: Rajpurohit, K.
name: Brüggen, M.
name: de Gasperin, F.
name: Hoang, D.
name: van Weeren, R. J.
name: Vazza, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radio relics are Mpc-size synchrotron sources located in the outskirts of some merging galaxy clusters. Binary-merging systems with favorable orientation may host two almost symmetric relics, named double radio relics. Double radio relics are seen preferentially edge-on and, thus, constitute a privileged sample for statistical studies. Their polarization and Faraday rotation properties give direct access to the relics origin and magnetic fields. In this paper, we present a polarization and Rotation Measure (RM) synthesis study of four clusters hosting double radio relics, namely 8C 0212+703, Abell 3365, PLCK G287.0+32.9, previously missing polarization studies, and ZwCl 2341+0000, for which conflicting results have been reported. We used 1-2 GHz Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array observations. We also provide an updated compilation of known double radio relics with important observed quantities. We studied their polarization and Faraday rotation properties at 1.4 GHz and we searched for correlations between fractional polarization and physical resolution, distance from the cluster center, and shock Mach number. The weak correlations found between these quantities are well reproduced by state-of-the-art magneto-hydrodynamical simulations of radio relics, confirming that merger shock waves propagate in a turbulent medium with tangled magnetic fields. Both external and internal Faraday depolarization should play a fundamental role in determining the polarization properties of radio relics at 1.4 GHz. Although the number of double radio relics with RM information is still low, their Faraday rotation properties (i.e., rest-frame RM and RM dispersion below 40 rad m$^{-2}$ and non-Gaussian RM distribution) can be explained in the scenario in which shock waves with Mach numbers larger than 2.5 propagate along the plane of the sky and compress the turbulent intra-cluster medium.
description: 23 pages, 5 tables, 14 Figures, 1 appendix, accepted for publication by A&A
Same-Gender Sex in the United States: Impact of T-Acasi on Prevalence Estimates
Creators: name: Villarroel, M. A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Well-conducted telephone surveys provide an economical means of estimating the prevalence of sexual and reproductive behaviors in a population. There is, however, a nontrivial potential for bias since respondents must report sensitive information to a human interviewer. The National STD and Behavior Measurement Experiment (NSBME) evaluates a new survey technology—telephone audio computer-assisted self-interviewing (T-ACASI)—that eliminates this requirement. The NSBME embedded a randomized experiment in a survey of probability samples of 1,543 U.S. and 744 Baltimore adults ages 18 to 45. Compared with NSBME respondents interviewed by human interviewers, respondents interviewed by T-ACASI were 1.5 to 1.6 times more likely to report same-gender sexual attraction, experience, and genital contact. The impact of T-ACASI was more pronounced (odds ratio = 2.5) for residents of locales that have historically been less tolerant of same-gender sexual behaviors and for respondents in households with children (odds ratio = 3.0).
Particle acceleration and radiation reaction in a strongly magnetized rotating dipole
Creators: name: Jérôme, Pétri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Abridged. Neutron stars are surrounded by ultra-relativistic particles efficiently accelerated by ultra strong electromagnetic fields. However so far, no numerical simulations were able to handle such extreme regimes of very high Lorentz factors and magnetic field strengths. It is the purpose of this paper to study particle acceleration and radiation reaction damping in a rotating magnetic dipole with realistic field strengths typical of millisecond and young pulsars as well as of magnetars. To this end, we implemented an exact analytical particle pusher including radiation reaction in the reduced Landau-Lifshitz approximation where the electromagnetic field is assumed constant in time and uniform in space during one time step integration. The position update is performed using a velocity Verlet method. We extensively tested our algorithm against time independent background electromagnetic fields like the electric drift in cross electric and magnetic fields and the magnetic drift and mirror motion in a dipole. Eventually, we apply it to realistic neutron star environments. We investigated particle acceleration and the impact of radiation reaction for electrons, protons and iron nuclei plunged around millisecond pulsars, young pulsars and magnetars, comparing it to situations without radiation reaction. We found that the maximum Lorentz factor depends on the particle species but only weakly on the neutron star type. Electrons reach energies up to $γ_e \approx 10^8-10^9$ whereas protons energies up to $γ_p \approx 10^5-10^6$ and iron up to $γ\approx 10^4-10^5$. While protons and irons are not affected by radiation reaction, electrons are drastically decelerated, reducing their maximum Lorentz factor by 2 orders of magnitude. We also found that the radiation reaction limit trajectories fairly agree with the reduced Landau-Lifshitz approximation in almost all cases.
description: accepted for publication in A&A
Correlates of Colorectal Cancer Screening among Hispanics: Results from the 2008 Puerto Rico Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Survey
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer in Puerto Rico (PR). Given the lack of information on cancer screening behavior, we identified factors associated with CRC screening among adults aged ≥ 50 years in PR.
Matrix product state simulations of quantum quenches and transport in Coulomb blockaded superconducting devices
Creators: name: Chung, Chia-Min
name: Wauters, Matteo M.
name: Burrello, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconducting devices subject to strong charging energy interactions and Coulomb blockade are one of the key elements for the development of nanoelectronics and constitute common building blocks of quantum computation platforms and topological superconducting setups. The study of their transport properties is non-trivial and some of their non-perturbative aspects are hard to capture with the most ordinary techniques. Here we present a matrix product state approach to simulate the real-time dynamics of these systems. We propose a study of their transport based on the analysis of the currents after quantum quenches connecting such devices with external leads. Our method is based on the combination of a Wilson chain construction for the leads and a mean-field BCS description for the superconducting scatterers. In particular, we employ a quasiparticle energy eigenbasis which greatly reduces their entanglement growth and we introduce an auxiliary degree of freedom to encode the device total charge. This approach allows us to treat non-perturbatively both their charging energy and coupling with external electrodes. We show that our construction is able to describe the Coulomb diamond structure of a superconducting dot with subgap states, including its sequential tunneling and cotunneling features. We also study the conductance zero-bias peaks caused by Majorana modes in a blockaded Kitaev chain, and compare our results with common Breit-Wigner predictions.
description: 21 pages, 10 figures
Sünde der Welt - Licht der Welt (Joh 1,29 und 9,5)
Creators: name: González Faus, José Ignacio
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 35 Nr. 5 (1999): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 35, Heft 5
The YH system - Standard System 5 of 10 vertical
Creators: name: Övün, Kubilay Bora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This is a system for a strong solution key - which can also be used (and I think it was against my consent) to make an AI. The idea is, that a general system solution key for good - can also be used to make endless lower models to learn from (see also the DoC).
 All rights are Reserved: Kubilay Bora Övün; non open license. If any question contact for collaboration and for questions about its usage.
Dilated intercellular spaces and chronic cough as an extra-oesophageal manifestation of gastrooesophageal reflux disease
Creators: name: Orlando, Roy C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Chronic cough is one of the extra-oesophageal manifestations of gastrooesophageal reflux disease (GORD). It is presumed to occur either directly by microaspiration of acidic gastric contents into the airway or indirectly by a reflex triggered by contact of acidic refluxates with the oesophageal epithelium in GORD. How contact of the oesophageal epithelium with acidic refluxates promotes sensitization for chronic cough is unknown, but like heartburn, which is a necessary accompaniment, it requires acid activation of nociceptors within the oesophageal mucosa. Dilated intercellular spaces within the oesophageal epithelium, a reflection of an increase in paracellular permeability, is a histopathologic feature of both erosive and nonerosive forms of GORD. Since it correlates with the symptom of heartburn, it is hypothesized herein that the increase in paracellular permeability to acid reflected by dilated intercellular spaces in oesophageal epithelium also serves as mediator of the signals that produce the reflex-induced sensitization for cough – a sensitization that can occur centrally within the medullary Nucleus Tractus Solitarius or peripherally within the tracheobronchial tree.
CO gas inside the protoplanetary disk cavity in HD 142527: disk structure from ALMA
Creators: name: Perez, Sebastian
name: Casassus, S.
name: Ménard, F.
name: Roman, P.
name: van der Plas, G.
name: Cieza, L.
name: Pinte, C.
name: Christiaens, V.
name: Hales, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inner cavities and annular gaps in circumstellar disks are possible signposts of giant planet formation. The young star HD 142527 hosts a massive protoplanetary disk with a large cavity that extends up to 140 au from the central star, as seen in continuum images at infrared and millimeter wavelengths. Estimates of the survival of gas inside disk cavities are needed to discriminate between clearing scenarios. We present a spatially and spectrally resolved carbon monoxide isotopologue observations of the gas-rich disk HD 142527, in the J=2-1 line of 12CO, 13CO and C18O, obtained with the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA). We detect emission coming from inside the dust-depleted cavity in all three isotopologues. Based on our analysis of the gas in the dust cavity, the 12CO emission is optically thick, while 13CO and C18O emission are both optically thin. The total mass of residual gas inside the cavity is about 1.5-2 Jupiter masses. We model the gas with an axisymmetric disk model. Our best fit model shows that the cavity radius is much smaller in CO than it is in millimeter continuum and scattered light observations, with a gas cavity that does not extend beyond 105 au (at 3-sigma). The gap wall at its outer edge is diffuse and smooth in the gas distribution, while in dust continuum it is manifestly sharper. The inclination angle, as estimated from the high velocity channel maps, is 28+/-0.5 degrees, higher than in previous estimates, assuming a fix central star mass of 2.2 Solar masses.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ Main Journal
Airway drug pharmacokinetics via analysis of exhaled breath condensate
Creators: name: O'Riordan, Thomas G.
name: Ansede, John H.
name: Johnson, M. Ross
name: Donn, Karl H.
name: Esther, Charles R.
name: Hirsh, Andrew J.
name: Boucher, Richard C.
name: Ghio, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Although the airway surface is the anatomic target for many lung disease therapies, measuring drug concentrations and activities on these surfaces poses considerable challenges. We tested whether mass spectrometric analysis of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) could be utilized to non-invasively measure airway drug pharmacokinetics and predicted pharmacological activities.
Arbitrary mass Majorana neutrinos in neutrinoless double beta decay
Creators: name: Faessler, Amand
name: Gonzalez, Marcela
name: Kovalenko, Sergey
name: Simkovic, Fedor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the mechanism of neutrinoless double beta (NLDBD) decay mediated by the exchange with the heavy Majorana neutrino N of arbitrary mass mN, slightly mixed with the electron neutrino. By assuming the dominance of this mechanism, we update the well-known NLDBD-decay exclusion plot in the mass-mixing angle plane taking into account recent progress in the calculation of nuclear matrix elements within quasiparticle random phase approximation and improved experimental bounds on the NLDBD-decay half-life of Ge-76 and Xe-136. We also consider the known formula approximating the mN dependence of the NLDBD-decay nuclear matrix element in a simple explicit form. We analyze its accuracy and specify the corresponding parameters, allowing one to easily calculate the NLDBD-decay half-life for arbitrary mN for all the experimentally interesting isotopes without resorting to real nuclear structure calculations.
description: Published version, title modified
Exact nonequilibrium hole dynamics, magnetic polarons and string excitations in antiferromagnetic Bethe lattices
Creators: name: Nielsen, K. Knakkergaard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a rare instance of an exactly solvable nonequilibrium many-body problem. In particular, we derive an exact solution for the nonequilibrium dynamics of an initially localized single hole in a fully anisotropic antiferromagnetic Bethe lattice, described by the $t$-$J_z$ model. The solvability of the model relies on the fractal self-similarity of Bethe lattices, making it possible to compute the full motion of the hole as it moves through the lattice, as well as exactly characterizing the resulting effect on spin-spin correlation functions. We find that the hole remains bound to its initial position with large aperiodic oscillations in the hole density distribution. We track this back to the irregular pattern of the eigenenergies of the magnetic polaron ground state and string excitations, which we also determine exactly.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures
Hopf fibrations for turbulent pipe flows
Creators: name: Fedele, F.
name: Abessi, O.
name: Roberts, P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a generalization of Hopf fibrations to quotient the streamwise translation symmetry of turbulent pipe flows viewed as dynamical systems. In particular, we exploit the geometric structure of the associate high dimensional state space, which is that of a principal fiber bundle. The relation between the comoving frame velocity $U_{d}$ associated with the dynamical phase of an orbit in the bundle and the Taylor's hypothesis is investigated. As an application, Laser-Induced-Fluorescence techniques are exploited to capture planar fluorescent dye concentration fields tracing a turbulent pipe flow at the bulk Reynolds number $\mathfrak{\mathsf{Re}}=3200$. The symmetry reduction analysis of the experimental data reveals that the speed $u$ of dye concentration bursts is associated with the dynamical and geometric phases of the corresponding orbits in the fiber bundle. In particular, in the symmetry-reduced frame we unveil a pattern-changing dynamics of the passive scalar structures, which explains the observed speed $u\approx U_{d}+U_{g}$ of intense bursting events in terms of the geometric phase velocity $U_{g}\approx0.43U_{d}$ associated with the orbits in the bundle.
Majorana zero mode-soliton duality and in-gap and BIC bound states in modified Toda model coupled to fermion
Creators: name: Blas, H.
name: Monsalve, J. J.
name: Quicaño, R.
name: Pereira, J. R. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A two-dimensional field theory of a fermion chirally coupled to Toda field plus a scalar self-coupling potential is considered. Using techniques of integrable systems we obtain analytical zero modes, in-gap states and bound states in the continuum (BIC) for topological configurations of the scalar field. Fermion-soliton duality mappings are uncovered for the bound state spectrum, which interpolates the weak and strong coupling sectors of the model and give rise to novel Thirring-like and multi-frequency sine-Gordon models, respectively. The non-perturbative effects of the back-reaction of the fermion bound states on the kink are studied and it is shown that the zero mode would catalyze the emergence of a new kink with lower topological charge and greater slope at the center, in the strong coupling limit of the model. For special topological charges and certain relative phases of the fermion components the kinks can host Majorana zero modes. The Noether, topological and a novel nonlocal charge densities satisfy a formula of the Atiyah-Patodi-Singer-type. Our results may find applications in several branches of non-linear physics, such as confinement in QCD$_2$, braneworld models, high $T_c$ superconductivity and topological quantum computation. We back up our results with numerical simulations for continuous families of topological sectors.
description: 68 pages, 25 figures, LaTex. New sections present a formula of the Atiyah-Patodi-Singer-type, for non-zero and zero modes. Figs with numerical kinks and bound states added
Calcium-dependent release of adenosine and uridine nucleotides from A549 cells
Creators: name: Kreda, Silvia
name: Grygorczyk, Ryszard
name: Lazarowski, Eduardo
name: Tatur, Sabina
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Extracellular nucleotides play an important role in lung defense, but the release mechanism and relative abundance of different nucleotide species secreted by lung epithelia are not well defined. In this study, to minimize cell surface hydrolysis, we used a low-volume, flow-through chamber and examined adenosine and uridine nucleotide concentrations in perfusate aliquots of human lung A549 cells challenged by 50% hypotonic shock. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), adenosine diphosphate (ADP), adenosine monophosphate (AMP), and adenosine (Ado) were quantified in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of fluorescent etheno derivatives, and uridine triphosphate (UTP) and uridine diphosphate (UDP) were measured using HPLC-coupled radioenzymatic assays. After the onset of hypotonic shock, ATP, ADP, UTP, and UDP in the perfusates increased markedly and peaked at approximately 2.5min, followed by a gradual decay in the next 15–20min; peak changes in Ado and AMP were relatively minor. The peak concentrations and fold increment (in parentheses) were: 34 ± 13nM ATP (5.6), 11 ± 5nM ADP (3.7), 3.3 ± 1.2nM AMP (1.4), 23 ± 7nM Ado (2.1), 21nM UTP (>7), and 11nM UDP (27). Nucleotide release was almost completely abolished from cells loaded with the calcium chelator 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (BAPTA). Under isotonic conditions, elevation of intracellular calcium with the calcium ionophore ionomycin (5μM, 3min) also released nucleotides with kinetics and relative abundance as above, albeit less robust. ADP:ATP (1:3) and UDP:UTP (1:2) ratios in perfusates from stimulated cells were markedly higher than the cytosolic ratios of these species, suggesting that a nucleotide diphosphate (NDP)-rich compartment, e.g., the secretory pathway, contributed to nucleotide release. Laser confocal microscopy experiments illustrated increased FM1-43 uptake into the plasma membrane upon hypotonic shock or ionomycin treatment, consistent with enhanced vesicular exocytosis under these conditions. In summary, our results strongly suggest that calcium-dependent exocytosis is responsible, at least in most part, for adenosine and uridine nucleotide release from A549 cells.
Scaling analysis of time series of daily prices from stock markets of transitional economies in the Western Balkans
Creators: name: Sarvan, Darko
name: Stratimirovic, Djordje
name: Blesic, Suzana
name: Miljkovic, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we have analyzed scaling properties of time series of stock market indices (SMIs) of developing economies of Western Balkans, and have compared the results we have obtained with the results from more developed economies. We have used three different techniques of data analysis to obtain and verify our findings: Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA) method, Detrended Moving Average (DMA) method, and Wavelet Transformation (WT) analysis. We have found scaling behavior in all SMI data sets that we have analyzed. The scaling of our SMI series changes from long-range correlated to slightly anti-correlated behavior with the change in growth or maturity of the economy the stock market is embedded in. We also report the presence of effects of potential periodic-like influences on the SMI data that we have analyzed. One such influence is visible in all our SMI series, and appears at a period $T_{p}\approx 90$ days. We propose that the existence of various periodic-like influences on SMI data may partially explain the observed difference in types of correlated behavior of corresponding scaling functions.
description: 2 tables, 4 figures, article
The effect of obstacles near a silo outlet on the discharge of soft spheres
Creators: name: Wang, Jing
name: Harth, Kirsten
name: Puzyrev, Dmitry
name: Stannarius, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Soft smooth particles in silo discharge show peculiar characteristics, including, for example, non-permanent clogging and intermittent flow. This paper describes a study of soft, low-frictional hydro\-gel spheres in a quasi-2D silo. We enforce a more competitive behavior of these spheres during their discharge by placing an obstacle in front of the outlet of the silo. High-speed optical imaging is used to capture the process of discharge. All particles in the field of view are identified and tracked by means of machine learning software using a MASK R-CNN algorithm. With particle tracking velocimetry (PTV), the fields of velocity, egress time, packing fraction, and kinetic stress are analysed in this study. While in pedestrian dynamics, the placement of an obstacle in front of a narrow gate may reduce the stress near the exit and enable a more efficient egress, the effect is opposite for our soft grains. Placing an obstacle above the orifice always led to a reduction of the flow rates, in some cases even to increased clogging probabilities.
Development of selective agonists and antagonists of P2Y receptors
Creators: name: de Castro, Sonia
name: Harden, T. Kendall
name: Ko, Hyojin
name: Jacobson, Kenneth A.
name: Ivanov, Andrei A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Although elucidation of the medicinal chemistry of agonists and antagonists of the P2Y receptors has lagged behind that of many other members of group A G protein-coupled receptors, detailed qualitative and quantitative structure–activity relationships (SARs) were recently constructed for several of the subtypes. Agonists selective for P2Y1, P2Y2, and P2Y6 receptors and nucleotide antagonists selective for P2Y1 and P2Y12 receptors are now known. Selective nonnucleotide antagonists were reported for P2Y1, P2Y2, P2Y6, P2Y11, P2Y12, and P2Y13 receptors. At the P2Y1 and P2Y12 receptors, nucleotide agonists (5′-diphosphate derivatives) were converted into antagonists of nanomolar affinity by altering the phosphate moieties, with a focus particularly on the ribose conformation and substitution pattern. Nucleotide analogues with conformationally constrained ribose-like rings were introduced as selective receptor probes for P2Y1 and P2Y6 receptors. Screening chemically diverse compound libraries has begun to yield new lead compounds for the development of P2Y receptor antagonists, such as competitive P2Y12 receptor antagonists with antithrombotic activity. Selective agonists for the P2Y4, P2Y11, and P2Y13 receptors and selective antagonists for P2Y4 and P2Y14 receptors have not yet been identified. The P2Y14 receptor appears to be the most restrictive of the class with respect to modification of the nucleobase, ribose, and phosphate moieties. The continuing process of ligand design for the P2Y receptors will aid in the identification of new clinical targets.
title: A Theoretical and Experimental Study of an Unsteady Pressure Measuring System
Creators: name: Batki, Ramesh R.
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1971

description: Experiments were performed to determine the frequency response of gas filled instrument tubes, and the results were correlated with a theoretical model. The theoretical model developed by Bergh and Tijdeman for a series connection of thin circular tubes and volumes was studied in full detail and employed. A measuring system was designed and built to measure pressure ratio and phase lag employing thin nylon or vinyl tubes and strain gage transducers. 1'leasurements were performed using cathode ray tube, strip chart, analog techniques and also a commercial electronic function analyzer and the various results were compared. The theoretical and experimental influence of different parameters was observed. Dynamic response of the tubes with a terminal cavity was obtained at atmospheric and vacuum static pressure, using air and/or Freon-12 as different filling gases and with and without a terminal, multi-port scanner valve. The theory and experiments displayed the same qualitative dynamic pressure response.

Finally an at. tempt was made to develop the theoretical model for a step input pressure disturbance for a series connection of thin circular tubes and volumes.
Casimir interactions in strained graphene systems
Creators: name: Phan, Anh D.
name: Phan, The-Long
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study the strain effect on the Casimir interactions in graphene based systems. We found that the interactions between two strained graphene sheets are strongly dependent on the direction of stretching. The influence of the strain on the dispersion interactions is still strong in the presence of dielectric substrates but is relatively weak when the substrate is metallic. Our studies would suggest new ways to design next generation devices.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Ebselen is a potent non-competitive inhibitor of extracellular nucleoside diphosphokinase
Creators: name: Semianrio-Vidal, Lucia
name: Mugesh, Govindasamy
name: van Hesuden, Catharina
name: Lazarowski, Eduardo Rodolfo
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Nucleoside di- and triphosphates and adenosine regulate several components of the mucocilairy clearance process (MCC) that protects the lung against infections, via activation of epithelial purinergic receptors. However, assessing the contribution of individual nucleotides to MCC functions remains difficult due to the complexity of the mechanisms of nucleotide release and metabolism. Enzymatic activities involved in the metabolism of extracellular nucleotides include ecto-ATPases and secreted nucleoside diphosphokinase (NDPK) and adenyl kinase, but potent and selective inhibitors of these activities are sparse. In the present study, we discovered that ebselen markedly reduced NDPK activity while having negligible effect on ecto-ATPase and adenyl kinase activities. Addition of radiotracer [γ 32P]ATP to human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells resulted in rapid and robust accumulation of [32P]-inorganic phosphate (32Pi). Inclusion of UDP in the incubation medium resulted in conversion of [γ 32P]ATP to [32P]UTP, while inclusion of AMP resulted in conversion of [γ 32P]ATP to [32P]ADP. Ebselen markedly reduced [32P]UTP formation but displayed negligible effect on 32Pi or [32P]ADP accumulations. Incubation of HBE cells with unlabeled UTP and ADP resulted in robust ebselen-sensitive formation of ATP (IC50 = 6.9 ± 2 μM). This NDPK activity was largely recovered in HBE cell secretions and supernatants from lung epithelial A549 cells. Kinetic analysis of NDPK activity indicated that ebselen reduced the V max of the reaction (K i = 7.6 ± 3 μM), having negligible effect on K M values. Our study demonstrates that ebselen is a potent non-competitive inhibitor of extracellular NDPK.
A new post-hoc flat field measurement method for the Solar X-ray and Extreme Ultraviolet Imager onboard the Fengyun-3E satellite
Creators: name: Song, Qiao
name: Bai, Xianyong
name: Chen, Bo
name: Hu, Xiuqing
name: Chen, Yajie
name: Hou, Zhenyong
name: Zhang, Xiaofan
name: He, Lingping
name: Song, Kefei
name: Zhang, Peng
name: Wang, Jing-Song
name: Zhang, Xiaoxin
name: Zong, Weiguo
name: Dun, Jinping
name: Tian, Hui
name: Deng, Yuanyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The extreme ultraviolet (EUV) observations are widely used in solar activity research and space weather forecasting since they can observe both the solar eruptions and the source regions of the solar wind. Flat field processing is indispensable to remove the instrumental non-uniformity of a solar EUV imager in producing high-quality scientific data from original observed data. Fengyun-3E (FY-3E) is a meteorological satellite operated in Sun-synchronous orbit, and the routine EUV imaging data from the Solar X-ray and Extreme Ultraviolet Imager (X-EUVI) onboard FY-3E has the characteristics of concentric rotation. Taking advantage of the concentric rotation, we propose a post-hoc flat field measurement method for its EUV 195 channel in this paper. This method removes small-scale and time-varying component of the coronal activities by taking the median value for each pixel along the time axis of a concentric rotation data cube, and then derives large-scale and invariable component of the quiet coronal radiation, and finally generates a flat field image. Analysis shows that our method is able to measure the instrumental spot-like non-uniformity possibly caused by contamination on the detector, which mostly disappears after the in-orbit self-cleaning process. It can also measure the quasi-periodic grid-like non-uniformity, possibly from the obscuration of the support mesh on the rear filter. After flat field correction, these instrumental non-uniformities from the original data are effectively removed. X-EUVI 195 data after dark and flat field corrections are consistent with the 193 channel data from SDO/AIA, verifying the suitability of the method. Our method is not only suitable for FY-3E/X-EUVI but also a candidate method for the flat field measurement of future solar EUV telescopes.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, Accepted for publication in RAA (Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics)
Noncollinear magnetism in two-dimensional CrTe$_2$
Creators: name: Abuawwad, Nihad
name: Dias, Manuel dos Santos
name: Abusara, Hazem
name: Lounis, Samir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals magnets opened unprecedented opportunities for the fundamental exploration of magnetism in quantum materials and the realization of next generation spintronic devices. Here, based on a multiscale modelling approach that combines first-principles calculations and a Heisenberg model supplied with ab-initio parameters, we report a strong magnetoelastic coupling in a free-standing monolayer of CrTe$_2$. We demonstrate that different crystal structures of a single CrTe$_2$ give rise to non-collinear magnetism through magnetic frustration and emergence of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI). Utilizing atomistic spin dynamics, we perform a detailed investigation of the complex magnetic properties pertaining to this 2D material impacted by the presence of various types of structural distortions akin to charge density waves.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures