cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The NuSTAR View of Nearby Compton-thick AGN: The Cases of NGC 424, NGC 1320 and IC 2560
Creators: name: Baloković, M.
name: Comastri, A.
name: Harrison, F. A.
name: Alexander, D. M.
name: Ballantyne, D. R.
name: Bauer, F. E.
name: Boggs, S. E.
name: Brandt, W. N.
name: Brightman, M.
name: Christensen, F. E.
name: Craig, W. W.
name: Del Moro, A.
name: Gandhi, P.
name: Hailey, C. J.
name: Koss, M.
name: Lansbury, G. B.
name: Luo, B.
name: Madejski, G. M.
name: Marinucci, A.
name: Matt, G.
name: Markwardt, C. B.
name: Puccetti, S.
name: Reynolds, C. S.
name: Risaliti, G.
name: Rivers, E.
name: Stern, D.
name: Walton, D. J.
name: Zhang, W. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present X-ray spectral analyses for three Seyfert 2 active galactic nuclei, NGC 424, NGC 1320, and IC 2560, observed by NuSTAR in the 3-79 keV band. The high quality hard X-ray spectra allow detailed modeling of the Compton reflection component for the first time in these sources. Using quasi-simultaneous NuSTAR and Swift/XRT data, as well as archival XMM-Newton data, we find that all three nuclei are obscured by Compton-thick material with column densities in excess of ~5 x $10^{24}$ cm$^{-2}$, and that their X-ray spectra above 3 keV are dominated by reflection of the intrinsic continuum on Compton-thick material. Due to the very high obscuration, absorbed intrinsic continuum components are not formally required by the data in any of the sources. We constrain the intrinsic photon indices and the column density of the reflecting medium through the shape of the reflection spectra. Using archival multi-wavelength data we recover the intrinsic X-ray luminosities consistent with the broadband spectral energy distributions. Our results are consistent with the reflecting medium being an edge-on clumpy torus with a relatively large global covering factor and overall reflection efficiency of the order of 1%. Given the unambiguous confirmation of the Compton-thick nature of the sources, we investigate whether similar sources are likely to be missed by commonly used selection criteria for Compton-thick AGN, and explore the possibility of finding their high-redshift counterparts.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Graphene transparency in weak magnetic fields
Creators: name: Valenzuela, David
name: Hernández-Ortiz, Saúl
name: Loewe, Marcelo
name: Raya, Alfredo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We carry out an explicit calculation of the vacuum polarization tensor for an effective low-energy model of monolayer graphene in the presence of a weak magnetic field of intensity $B$ perpendicularly aligned to the membrane. By expanding the quasiparticle propagator in the Schwinger proper time representation up to order $(eB)^2$, where $e$ is the unit charge, we find an explicitly transverse tensor, consistent with gauge invariance. Furthermore, assuming that graphene is radiated with monochromatic light of frequency $ω$ along the external field direction, from the modified Maxwell's equations we derive the intensity of transmitted light and the angle of polarization rotation in terms of the longitudinal ($σ_{xx}$) and transverse ($σ_{xy}$) conductivities. Corrections to these quantities, both calculated and measured, are of order $(eB)^2/ω^4$. Our findings generalize and complement previously known results reported in literature regarding the light absorption problem in graphene from the experimental and theoretical points of view, with and without external magnetic fields.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
On the galaxy 3-point correlation function in Modified Gravity
Creators: name: Aviles, Alejandro
name: Niz, Gustavo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The next generation of galaxy surveys will provide highly accurate measurements of the large-scale structure of the Universe, allowing for more stringent tests of gravity on cosmological scales. Higher order statistics are a valuable tool to study the non-Gaussianities in the matter field and to break degeneracies between modified gravity and other physical or nuisance parameters. However, understanding from first principles the behaviour of these correlations is essential to characterise deviations from General Relativity (GR), and the purpose of this work. This work uses contemporary ideas of Standard Perturbation Theory on biased tracers to characterize the three point correlation function (3PCF) at tree level for Modified Gravity models with a scale-dependent gravitational strength, and applies the theory to two specific models ($f(R)$ and DGP) that are representative for Chameleon and Vainshtein screening mechanisms. Additionally, we use a multipole decomposition, which apart from speeding up the algorithm to extract the signal from data, also helps to visualize and characterize GR deviations.
description: 25 pages, 5 figures
Moment Analysis of Hadronic Vacuum Polarization - Proposal for a lattice QCD evaluation of $g_μ-2$
Creators: name: de Rafael, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I suggest a new approach to the determination of the hadronic vacuum polarization (HVP) contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon $a_μ^{\rm HVP}$ in lattice QCD. It is based on properties of the Mellin transform of the hadronic spectral function and their relation to the HVP self energy in the Euclidean. I show how $a_μ^{\rm HVP}$ is very well approximated by a few moments associated to this Mellin transform and how these moments can be evaluated in lattice QCD, providing thus a series of tests when compared with the corresponding determinations using experimental data.
(:unas) unassigned
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universita' degli Studi di Salerno
Year: 2024

description: Milena Montanile rilegge la vita e l’esperienza intellettuale di Gennaro Savarese come espressione di una rinnovata idea di humanitas che conformò per anni, oltre all’esercizio critico e alla pratica accademica, il suo stesso modo di vivere l’esperienza di studio e di ricerca. La letteratura fu per lui, desanctisianamente, l’humus da cui era necessario trarre nutrimento; e fu questo il modo tutto suo di restituire, attraverso i suoi numerosi studi un’idea di letteratura funzionale alla crescita e all’educazione ‘civile’. Si condensa proprio qui, nell’idea della letteratura come etica dei valori, la sua idea di humanitas, che coincise, anche nel suo modus vivendi, con l’idea stessa dell’esercizio critico. Rientra in questo ambito l’impegno profuso nella didattica che fu, per lui, nello stesso tempo, trasmissione di saperi e di valori, e che continuò a praticare a lungo, con passione e dedizione, in qualità di professore ordinario di Letteratura italiana presso “La Sapienza di Roma”, ma anche, con eguale impegno etico, ben oltre l’attività ufficiale di docenza, come possono testimoniare i numerosi suoi amici e allievi. La studiosa, dopo aver ripercorso le tappe più salienti della sua ricerca, tutta condotta con sicuro metodo iconologico, si è soffermata con particolare attenzione sul contributo che Savarese of rì, in qualità di giurato, nell’ambito del “Premio letterario Città di Gioi” che lo vide per circa in ventennio protagonista della scena culturale, accanto a nomi di assoluto prestigio nazionale e internazionale.
The Neon Gap: Probing Ionization with Dwarf Galaxies at z~1
Creators: name: Pharo, John
name: Guo, Yicheng
name: Koo, David C.
name: Forbes, John C.
name: Guhathakurta, Puragra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present measurements of [NeIII]λ3869 emission in z~1 low-mass galaxies taken from the Keck/DEIMOS spectroscopic surveys HALO7D and DEEPWinds. We identify 167 individual galaxies with significant [NeIII] emission lines, including 112 "dwarf" galaxies with log(M_{\star}/M_{\odot}) < 9.5, with 0.3 < z < 1.4. We also measure [NeIII] emission from composite spectra derived from all [OII]λλ3727,3729 line emitters in this range. This provides a unique sample of [NeIII]-emitters in the gap between well-studied emitters at z = 0 and 2 < z < 3. To study evolution in ionization conditions in the ISM over this time, we analyze the log([NeIII]λ3869/[OII]λλ3727,3729) ratio (Ne3O2) as a function of the stellar mass and of the log([OIII]λλ4959,5007/[OII]λλ3727,3729) ratio (O32). We find that the typical star-forming dwarf galaxy at this redshift, as measured from the composite spectra, shares the Ne3O2-M_{\star} relation with local galaxies, but have higher O32 at given Ne3O2. This finding implies that the ionization and metallicity characteristics of the z~1 dwarf population do not evolve substantially from z~1 to z=0, suggesting that the known evolution in those parameter from z~2 has largely taken place by z~1. Individual [NeIII]-detected galaxies have emission characteristics situated between local and z~2 galaxies, with elevated Ne3O2 and O32 emission potentially explained by variations in stellar and nebular metallicity. We also compare our dwarf sample to similarly low-mass z > 7 galaxies identified in JWST Early Release Observations, finding four HALO7D dwarfs with similar size, metallicity, and star formation properties.
description: Accepted to ApJL, 16.01.2023
Grazing on bacteria by zooplankton in Australian billabongs
Creators: name: Boon, Paul I
name: Shiel, Russell J
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: Murray-Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

Five species of rotifer (Brachionus lyratus, Conochilus dossuaris, Keratella cochlearis, Keratella quadrata and Trichotria tetractis) ingested bacteria at a prey density of 5-7 × 109 cells L.-1, and a sixth (Keratella procurva) did so at a higher bacterial concentration of 4 × 1010 cells L-1. Gastropus minor, Polyarthra vulgaris, Synchaeta pectinata and Trichocerca similis were not bacteriovores. Fluorescent-stained (DATF or acridine orange) bacteria were not suitable for determining which rotifers were potential grazers. However, bacteriovory was detected easily with safranin-red or methylene-blue stained bacteria. Clearance rates for the zooplankton community larger than 51µpm, determined with 3H-thymidine labelled bacteria, varied from <0.1-71 mL L-1. H-1, but were usually <5 mL L-1 h-1. Significant grazing was detected in >200µm, 90-200µm and 51-90µm fractions: it was impossible to ascribe bacteriovory to discrete taxonomic groups, because zooplankton taxa were not completely separated by these mesh sizes.
Leading-order QED effects in the ground electronic state of molecular hydrogen
Creators: name: Siłkowski, Michał
name: Komasa, Jacek
name: Puchalski, Mariusz
name: Pachucki, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform highly accurate calculations of the leading order QED correction to the ground electronic state of molecular hydrogen. Numerical results are obtained for a grid of the internuclear distances $R=0-10$ au with the relative precision of about $10^{-8}$. The major numerical uncertainty of previous QED results [K. Piszczatowski et al., JCTC $\textbf{5}$, 3039 (2009)] has been eliminated. Nevertheless, the discrepancy with measurements in HD at the level of 1.9 $σ$ persists.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables
Efficiency of Monte Carlo Sampling in Chaotic Systems
Creators: name: Leitão, Jorge C.
name: Altmann, Eduardo G.
name: Lopes, J. M. Viana Parente
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate how the complexity of chaotic phase spaces affect the efficiency of importance sampling Monte Carlo simulations. We focus on a flat-histogram simulation of the distribution of finite-time Lyapunov exponent in a simple chaotic system and obtain analytically that the computational effort of the simulation: (i) scales polynomially with the finite-time, a tremendous improvement over the exponential scaling obtained in usual uniform sampling simulations; and (ii) the polynomial scaling is sub-optimal, a phenomenon known as critical slowing down. We show that critical slowing down appears because of the limited possibilities to issue a local proposal on the Monte Carlo procedure in chaotic systems. These results remain valid in other methods and show how generic properties of chaotic systems limit the efficiency of Monte Carlo simulations.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Growth, biomass production and nutrient accumulation by seven tree species irrigated with municipal effluent at Wodonga, Australia
Creators: name: Hopmans, P
name: Stewart, H. T. L
name: Flinn, D. W
name: Hillman, T. J
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: Murray-Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

In the Murray-Darling basin, irrigation of tree crops is being evaluated as an alternative method for the disposal of municipal effluent. A study was carried out at Wodonga in which seven tree species were irrigated with effluent for a period of 4 years. Irrigation was calculated weekly on the basis of pan evaporation and rainfall during the preceding week. Annual irrigation varied between 1190 mm and 1750 mm with the total input over the 4 years 4940 mm.Height and diameter growth varied significantly between species. At age 4,mean dominant height of Eucalyptus grandis, E. saligna and Populus deltoidesxP.nigra ranged from 14.3 to 15.0 m compared with 6.5 to 9.8 m for Casuarina cunninghamiana, E. camaldulensis, P. deltoides, and Pinus radiata. Wood production for the faster growing species (E. grandis and E. saligna) was approximately 130m3ha-1, or around 32m3ha-1 over a 4-year period. This was nearly threefold the production of the other native speices and twice that of Pi. radiata. Volume grown of P. deltoidesxP.nigra (85m3ha-1) was significantly greater than that of P. deltoides (42m3 ha-1).Accumulation of nutrients in the above ground biomass varied significantly between species and ranged from 24 to 41 g m-2 for N, 2.6 to 5.9 g m-2 for P, 0.5 to 9.2 g m-2 for Na 12 to 27 g m-2 for K, 7 to 52 g m-2 for Ca and 3.1 to 7.9 g m-2 for Mg. Nutrient accumulation was generally greater in species with a comparatively large known biomass relative to stem size such as C. cunninhamiana and E. camadulensis. Average nutrient accumulation by tree as a percentage of input from effluent was estimated at 19% for N, 9% for P, 1% for Na, 14% for K, 52% for Ca and 32% for Mg.Results of this study indicate the importance of selecting species on the basis of not only growth but also nutrient accumulation to optimise renovation of wastewater by tree plantations.
Theoretical bases of research of regional aspects of safety of economic systems and their influence on maintenance of the sustainable region development
Creators: name: Mashtakov Andrey Ivanovich
Publisher: name: Дальневосточный аграрный вестник
Year: 2010

description: Presence of empirical material, sufficient for ordering and its transformation in direction of scientific typologization and abstractions, suggests that the positive result in scientific knowledge of regional economic systems, formations of their sustainable development and economic safety can be reached. The range of judgements about typology of the elements making up the regional economic system, extends in process of development of idea about their possibilities to reconstruct activity and interaction of social and economic objects in interests of stability acquision.
title: The data publication chain of the EPOS Multi-scale Laboratories
Creators: name:  ter Maat ,  Geertje
name:  Team ,  the MSL
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2021

description: EPOS (the European Plate Observing System) is a pan-European e-infrastructure framework with the goal of improving and facilitating the access, use, and re-use of Solid Earth science data. The EPOS Thematic Core Service Multi-scale Laboratories (TCS MSL) represents a community of European Solid Earth sciences laboratories including rock and magma high-temperature and high-pressure experimental facilities, electron microscopy, micro-beam analysis, analogue modelling of tectonic, geodynamic, and volcanological processes, paleomagnetism, and analytical laboratories. Experimental data from these laboratories often provide the backbone for scientific publications, but are often available only as supplementary information to research articles or in a non-digital form (printed tables, figures) with little to no chance for data discovery. Moreover, much of the source data remains unpublished, inaccessible, and often not preserved for the long term. The TCS MSL is committed to making Earth science laboratory data “Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable (FAIR)”. For this purpose, the TCS MSL encourages the community to share their data via DOI-referenced, citable data publications through partner research data repositories. To facilitate this and ensure the provision of rich metadata, agreed within the MSL community, we offer user-friendly tools, plus the necessary data management expertise, to support all aspects of data publishing. The resulting data publications are also exposed through a designated TCS MSL online portal that brings together DOI-referenced data publications from partner research data repositories (https://epos-msl.uu.nl/).
On the free Lie algebra with multiple brackets
Creators: name: D'León, Rafael S. González
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05E45, 05E18, 05A18, 17B01, 18D50

description: It is a classical result that the multilinear component of the free Lie algebra is isomorphic (as a representation of the symmetric group) to the top (co)homology of the proper part of the poset of partitions $Π_n$ tensored with the sign representation. We generalize this result in order to study the multilinear component of the free Lie algebra with multiple compatible Lie brackets. We introduce a new poset of weighted partitions $Π_n^k$ that allows us to generalize the result. The new poset is a generalization of $Π_n$ and of the poset of weighted partitions $Π_n^w$ introduced by Dotsenko and Khoroshkin and studied by the author and Wachs for the case of two compatible brackets. We prove that the poset $Π_n^k$ with a top element added is EL-shellable and hence Cohen-Macaulay. This and other properties of $Π_n^k$ enable us to answer questions posed by Liu on free multibracketed Lie algebras. In particular, we obtain various dimension formulas and multicolored generalizations of the classical Lyndon and comb bases for the multilinear component of the free Lie algebra. We also obtain a plethystic formula for the Frobenius characteristic of the representation of the symmetric group on the multilinear component of the free multibracketed Lie algebra.
description: 64 pages, 13 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1309.5527
New parameters for star cluster dynamics: the effect of primordial binaries and dark remnants
Creators: name: Bhat, Bhavana
name: Lanzoni, Barbara
name: Ferraro, Francesco R.
name: Vesperini, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By studying the normalized cumulative radial distribution (nCRD) of the stars in the central region of a Monte Carlo-simulated globular cluster, we recently defined three parameters able to pinpoint the stage of internal dynamical evolution reached by the system: $A_5$ (i.e., the area subtended by the nCRD within 5$\%$ the half-mass radius, $r_h$), $P_5$ (the value of the nCRD at 5$\%$ $r_h$), and $S_{2.5}$ (the slope of the nCRD at 2.5$\%$ $r_h$). Here we extend the analysis and explore the effects that different fractions (0$\%$, 10$\%$, and 20$\%$) of primordial binaries and stellar-mass black holes (BHs) induce on the dynamical history of the system. As expected, the gradual contraction of the cluster becomes milder and core collapse shallower for increasing binary fraction. Nevertheless, the cluster dynamical evolution is still properly traced by the three parameters. For models with a larger initial retention of stellar mass BHs the evolution depends on the timescale of their subsequent dynamical ejection. An early dynamical ejection of BHs results in a long-term evolution of the three parameters similar to that found in systems with no initial BH retention. Conversely, in the model that retains a large number of BHs for extended time (slow dynamical ejection of BHs), the system is characterized by a less concentrated structure and by the lack of significant temporal evolution of the three parameters. The smaller values of the three parameters found in this case might be used to indirectly infer the possible presence of BHs in the cluster.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures, 1 table
Inefficient Star Formation In Extremely Metal Poor Galaxies
Creators: name: Shi, Yong
name: Armus, Lee
name: Helou, George
name: Stierwalt, Sabrina
name: Gao, Yu
name: Wang, Junzhi
name: Zhang, Zhi-Yu
name: Gu, Qiusheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first galaxies contain stars born out of gas with little or no metals. The lack of metals is expected to inhibit efficient gas cooling and star formation but this effect has yet to be observed in galaxies with oxygen abundance relative to hydrogen below a tenth of that of the Sun. Extremely metal poor nearby galaxies may be our best local laboratories for studying in detail the conditions that prevailed in low metallicity galaxies at early epochs. Carbon Monoxide (CO) emission is unreliable as tracers of gas at low metallicities, and while dust has been used to trace gas in low-metallicity galaxies, low-spatial resolution in the far-infrared has typically led to large uncertainties. Here we report spatially-resolved infrared observations of two galaxies with oxygen abundances below 10 per cent solar, and show that stars form very inefficiently in seven star-forming clumps of these galaxies. The star formation efficiencies are more than ten times lower than found in normal, metal rich galaxies today, suggesting that star formation may have been very inefficient in the early Universe.
description: Author's version (10 pages, 4 figures). Published in Nature
FERM Domain Interaction Promotes FAK Signaling
Creators: name: Eck, M. J.
name: Schaller, M. D.
name: Gabarra-Niecko, V.
name: Ceccarelli, D. F. J.
name: Dunty, J. M.
name: King, M. L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: From the results of deletion analyses, the FERM domain of FAK has been proposed to inhibit enzymatic activity and repress FAK signaling. We have identified a sequence in the FERM domain that is important for FAK signaling in vivo. Point mutations in this sequence had little effect upon catalytic activity in vitro. However, the mutant exhibits reduced tyrosine phosphorylation and dramatically reduced Src family kinase binding. Further, the abilities of the mutant to transduce biochemical signals and to promote cell migration were severely impaired. The results implicate a FERM domain interaction in cell adhesion-dependent activation of FAK and downstream signaling. We also show that the purified FERM domain of FAK interacts with full-length FAK in vitro, and mutation of this sequence disrupts the interaction. These findings are discussed in the context of models of FAK regulation by its FERM domain.
title: Innate Immune Modulation by Fluoroquinolones
title: The Influence of Gastrointestinal Hormones
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Hardgrave, Alex
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2023

description: As well as targeting bacteria directly, antibiotics have various harmful effects on host cells, often attributed to loss of commensal bacteria. Fluoroquinolone antibiotics are particularly well known for this, and have been attributed to symptoms such as tendon rupture and nerve damage. Whilst many clinical effects of fluoroquinolones are well documented, less so are the direct effects they have on immune cells and their subsequent responses. Antibiotics are known to affect weight and feeding, processes known to be modulated by intestinal hormones such as Cholecystokinin. Fluoroquinolones, typically Ciprofloxacin and Levofloxacin are used as treatments for severe acute respiratory infections, such as inhalation Anthrax and Pneumonia. We therefore focussed on the effects they can have on macrophages, key cells in lung disease. We treated bone marrow-derived macrophages with Levofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin, and studied key parameters such as activation and polarisation via flow cytometry. Moreover, we treated both wild-type and CCK knockout mice with human equivalent dose regimes of these antibiotics to assess alteration of various innate immune cell subsets in the uninfected state. We also extracted bacterial DNA from the faeces of treated mice to investigate any dysbiosis that occurs. Fluoroquinolones were found to affect Macrophage polarisation both in vitro and in vivo, causing a ‘boost’ in M1 polarisation following BMDM IFNγ stimulation, while following 14 day treatment in vivo we also saw an increase in M1 polarisation in the lung. Interestingly we found profound CCK mediated weight loss in both Ciprofloxacin and Levofloxacin treated mice versus controls, as well as dysbiosis after only 24hrs of treatment. The role of CCK in this mechanism gives rise to the possibility of introducing CCK receptor antagonist co-treatment with fluoroquinolone treatment in order to mitigate and reduce harmful side effects.
Topological Invariants in Point Group Symmetric Photonic Topological Insulators
Creators: name: Chen, Xiao-Dong
name: Deng, Zi-Lan
name: Chen, Wen-Jie
name: Wang, Jia-Rong
name: Dong, Jian-Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We proposed a group-theory method to calculate topological invariant in bi-isotropic photonic crystals invariant under crystallographic point group symmetries. Spin Chern number has been evaluated by the eigenvalues of rotation operators at high symmetry k-points after the pseudo-spin polarized fields are retrieved. Topological characters of photonic edge states and photonic band gaps can be well predicted by total spin Chern number. Nontrivial phase transition is found in large magnetoelectric coupling due to the jump of total spin Chern number. Light transport is also issued at the ε/μ mismatching boundary between air and the bi-isotropic photonic crystal. This finding presents the relationship between group symmetry and photonic topological systems, which enables the design of photonic nontrivial states in a rational manner.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
title: Absorption Coefficients of Ozone at Low Temperature in the Visible Region
Creators: name: Ghiassi, Hessameddin
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 1982

description: The temperature dependence of absorption coefficients of ozone was studied between 7567 Å and 4630 Å . When the gas was cooled from room temperature to -108° C, an overall increase in the absorption coefficients was noticed. The maximum increase of 5% occurred at λ = 6020 Å. In general, the absorption is linearly dependent on temperature.
title: Sequence stratigraphy of the Moodies Group (3.2 Ga), Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa
Creators: name:  van Rensburg ,  Deon J. Janse
name:  Heubeck ,  Christoph
name:  Reimann ,  Sebastian
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2021

description: The Moodies Group (~3.2 Ga) of the Barberton Greenstone Belt is one of the oldest and best-preserved shallow-water siliciclastic sequences. It also harbors one of the largest occurrences of Paleoarchean microbial mats and the oldest record of early Earth-Moon dynamics. The extent (ca. 40 km * 70 km), lithologic and alluvial-to-prodeltaic facies diversity (incl. paleosols, pedogenic concretions and microbial mats etc.) , good outcrop, and excellent preservation of Moodies strata allows the recognition of mappable systems tracts and sequence-stratigraphic surfaces. However, the lack of biostratigraphic constraints and the nonactualistic Archean surface conditions (absence of vegetation, aggressive chemical weathering, oceanic composition and temperatures, climate, tides) challenge the applicability of sequence-stratigraphic concepts. Well-studied Moodies strata north of the Inyoka Fault zone can be readily subdivided into several 3rd-order parasequence sets. Lower Moodies strata are characterized by an overall increase in accommodation space relative to sediment supply and comparative tectonic quiescence, whereas upper Moodies strata (above a basinwide volcanic unit) record an overfilled basin. Much less is known about the Moodies south of the Inyoka fault zone where the Masenjane Range exposes a section 600-2000 m thick of largely northeastward-prograding, coastal, deltaic and estuarine strata. They record at least five 4th-order shoaling-upward parasequences. Stacking patterns, paleocurrents and provenance indicators show an overall northeastward progradation of facies, likely controlled by local tectonothermal drivers, as evidenced by several syndepositional shallow sills, stockworks, and syndepositional normal faults. These may have been regionally related to the tightening and rotation of the Onverwacht Anticline and the formation of other paleogeographic features.
Focal Adhesion Kinase Suppresses Apoptosis by Binding to the Death Domain of Receptor-Interacting Protein
Creators: name: Liu, Z.-g.
name: Baldwin, A. S.
name: Kurenova, E.
name: Cance, W. G.
name: Xu, L.-H.
name: Yang, X.
name: Hanks, S. K.
name: Craven, R. J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Tumor cells resist the apoptotic stimuli associated with invasion and metastasis by activating survival signals that suppress apoptosis. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK), a tyrosine kinase that is overexpressed in a variety of human tumors, mediates one of these survival signals. Attenuation of FAK expression in tumor cells results in apoptosis that is mediated by caspase 8- and FADD-dependent pathways, suggesting that death receptor pathways are involved in the process. Here, we report a functional link between FAK and death receptors. We have demonstrated that FAK binds to the death domain kinase receptor-interacting protein (RIP). RIP is a major component of the death receptor complex and has been shown to interact with Fas and tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 through its binding to adapter proteins. We have shown that RIP provides proapoptotic signals that are suppressed by its binding to FAK. We thus propose that FAK overexpression in human tumors provides a survival signal function by binding to RIP and inhibiting its interaction with the death receptor complex.
Efficient Speed Planning for Autonomous Driving in Dynamic Environment with Interaction Point Model
Creators: name: Chen, Yingbing
name: Xin, Ren
name: Cheng, Jie
name: Zhang, Qingwen
name: Mei, Xiaodong
name: Liu, Ming
name: Wang, Lujia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.9
subject: 68T40(Primary), 70E60 (Secondary)

description: Safely interacting with other traffic participants is one of the core requirements for autonomous driving, especially in intersections and occlusions. Most existing approaches are designed for particular scenarios and require significant human labor in parameter tuning to be applied to different situations. To solve this problem, we first propose a learning-based Interaction Point Model (IPM), which describes the interaction between agents with the protection time and interaction priority in a unified manner. We further integrate the proposed IPM into a novel planning framework, demonstrating its effectiveness and robustness through comprehensive simulations in highly dynamic environments.
description: 8 pages, 17 figures, RA-L accepted, september, 2022, preprint version
Genetic Evidence for Functional Dependency of p18Ink4c on Cdk4
Creators: name: Pei, X.-H.
name: Xiong, Y.
name: Kiyokawa, H.
name: Bai, F.
name: Tsutsui, T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: The INK4 family of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors negatively regulates cyclin D-dependent CDK4 and CDK6 and induces the growth-suppressive function of Rb family proteins. Mutations in the Cdk4 gene conferring INK4 resistance are associated with familial and sporadic melanoma in humans and result in a wide spectrum of tumors in mice, suggesting that INK4 is a major regulator of CDK4. Mice lacking the Cdk4 gene exhibit various defects in many organs associated with hypocellularity, whereas loss of the p18Ink4c gene results in widespread hyperplasia and organomegaly. To genetically test the notion that the function of INK4 is dependent on CDK4, we generated p18; Cdk4 double-mutant mice and examined the organs and tissues which developed abnormalities when either gene is deleted. We show here that, in all organs we have examined, including pituitary, testis, pancreas, kidney, and adrenal gland, hyperproliferative phenotypes associated with p18 loss were canceled. The double-mutant mice exhibited phenotypes very close to or indistinguishable from that of Cdk4 single-mutant mice. Mice lacking p27Kip1 develop widespread hyperplasia and organomegaly similar to those developed by p18-deficient mice. The p27; Cdk4 double-mutant mice, however, displayed phenotypes intermediate between those of p27 and Cdk4 single-mutant mice. These results provide genetic evidence that in mice p18Ink4c and p27Kip1 mediate the transduction of different cell growth and proliferation signals to CDK4 and that p18Ink4c is functionally dependent on CDK4.
Nutrient accumulation in trees and soil following irrigation with municipal effluent in Australia
Creators: name: Stewart, H. T. L
name: Hopmans, D. W
name: Flinn, D. W
name: Hillman, T. J
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: La Trobe University Faculty of Science, Technology and Engineering Murray Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

Irrigation of tree crops is being evaluated as a method of land disposal of municipal effluent in Australia. A study was carried out from 1980–84 in which seven tree species were sprinkler-irrigated with effluent at an annual rate of 1191–1752 mm. Effective weed control and frequent irrigation resulted in good survival of all species (range 83–100%) at 12 months. Total productivity was estimated at age 4 years by measuring biomass of each species inclusive of litter and roots to a soil depth of 80 cm. Biomass production of the high-yielding species, flooded gum (Eucalyptus grandis) and Sydney blue gum (E. saligna), was around 10 kg m−2. Percentage leaf mass of these species was small (8–9%) compared with 25% and 29% for the relatively slow-growing river she-oak (Casuarina cunninghamiana) and radiata pine (Pinus radiata). Accumulation of nutrients in the total biomass differed significantly between species and ranged from 34–54 g m−2 for nitrogen, 4·0–10·4 g m−2 for phosphorus, 2·1–12·2 g m−2 for sodium, 22–34 g m−2 for potassium, 12–61 g m−2 for calcium and 4·7–9·3 g m−2 for magnesium. River she-oak and river red gum (E. camaldulensis), because of their relatively large crown and litter masses, accumulated more nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium than flooded gum or Sydney blue gum. Chemical properties of soils (0–150 cm) were measured in 1980 and again in 1984. Irrigation significantly increased pH (by around 1 unit), throughout the profile. Concentrations of total phosphorus, and exchangeable sodium, calcium and magnesium were increased in the upper profile. Overall, soil chemical properties were not adversely affected by effluent irrigation over the 4-year period, though there was a trend towards more sodic conditions in the soil profile. Nutrient accumulation in soil occurred mainly in the 0–35 cm depth, coinciding with the main root zone of the trees. Renovation of the effluent was therefore estimated as the amount of each nutrient accumulated in the biomass (averaged over the seven species) plus soil (0–35 cm), expressed as a percentage of amount applied in irrigation over the 4 years; that is, nitrogen, 29%; phosphorus, 78%; sodium, 15%; potassium, 26%; calcium, 98% and magnesium, 54%.
Inhibition of HDM2 and Activation of p53 by Ribosomal Protein L23
Creators: name: O'Keefe, K.
name: Jin, A.
name: Zhang, Y.
name: Itahana, K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: The importance of coordinating cell growth with proliferation has been recognized for a long time. The molecular basis of this relationship, however, is poorly understood. Here we show that the ribosomal protein L23 interacts with HDM2. The interaction involves the central acidic domain of HDM2 and an N-terminal domain of L23. L23 and L11, another HDM2-interacting ribosomal protein, can simultaneously yet distinctly interact with HDM2 together to form a ternary complex. We show that, when overexpressed, L23 inhibits HDM2-induced p53 polyubiquitination and degradation and causes a p53-dependent cell cycle arrest. On the other hand, knocking down L23 causes nucleolar stress and triggers translocation of B23 from the nucleolus to the nucleoplasm, leading to stabilization and activation of p53. Our data suggest that cells may maintain a steady-state level of L23 during normal growth; alternating the levels of L23 in response to changing growth conditions could impinge on the HDM2-p53 pathway by interrupting the integrity of the nucleolus.
Persistent Activation by Constitutive Ste7 Promotes Kss1-Mediated Invasive Growth but Fails To Support Fus3-Dependent Mating in Yeast
Creators: name: Ge, Q.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Maleri, S.
name: Errede, B.
name: Dohlman, H. G.
name: Hackett, E. A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase-Ste11 (MAPKKK-Ste11), MAPKK-Ste7, and MAPK-Kss1 mediate pheromone-induced mating differentiation and nutrient-responsive invasive growth in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The mating pathway also requires the scaffold-Ste5 and the additional MAPK-Fus3. One contribution to specificity in this system is thought to come from stimulus-dependent recruitment of the MAPK cascade to upstream activators that are unique to one or the other pathway. To test this premise, we asked if stimulus-independent signaling by constitutive Ste7 would lead to a loss of biological specificity. Instead, we found that constitutive Ste7 promotes invasion without supporting mating responses. This specificity occurs because constitutive Ste7 activates Kss1, but not Fus3, in vivo and promotes filamentation gene expression while suppressing mating gene expression. Differences in the ability of constitutive Ste7 variants to bind the MAPKs and Ste5 account for the selective activation of Kss1. These findings support the model that Fus3 activation in vivo requires binding to both Ste7 and the scaffold-Ste5 but that Kss1 activation is independent of Ste5. This scaffold-independent activation of Kss1 by constitutive Ste7 and the existence of mechanisms for pathway-specific promoter discrimination impose a unique developmental fate independently of any distinguishing external stimuli.
SI_Doryab et al_AJP
Creators: name: Doryab, Ali
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biological Engineering
subject: 60106 Cellular Interactions (incl. Adhesion, Matrix, Cell Wall)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: ONLINE DATA SUPPLEMENT for the manuscript entitled" Comparison of Inhaled and Systemic Antifibrosis Drug Efficacy Leveraging Breathing In Vitro Mini-Lung Fibrosis Model".
Measures of Human Mobility Using Mobile Phone Records Enhanced with GIS Data
Creators: name: Williams, Nathalie E.
name: Thomas, Timothy A.
name: Dunbar, Matthew
name: Eagle, Nathan
name: Dobra, Adrian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the past decade, large scale mobile phone data have become available for the study of human movement patterns. These data hold an immense promise for understanding human behavior on a vast scale, and with a precision and accuracy never before possible with censuses, surveys or other existing data collection techniques. There is already a significant body of literature that has made key inroads into understanding human mobility using this exciting new data source, and there have been several different measures of mobility used. However, existing mobile phone based mobility measures are inconsistent, inaccurate, and confounded with social characteristics of local context. New measures would best be developed immediately as they will influence future studies of mobility using mobile phone data. In this article, we do exactly this. We discuss problems with existing mobile phone based measures of mobility and describe new methods for measuring mobility that address these concerns. Our measures of mobility, which incorporate both mobile phone records and detailed GIS data, are designed to address the spatial nature of human mobility, to remain independent of social characteristics of context, and to be comparable across geographic regions and time. We also contribute a discussion of the variety of uses for these new measures in developing a better understanding of how human mobility influences micro-level human behaviors and well-being, and macro-level social organization and change.
description: 33 pages, 16 figures, 5 tables
Persistent Signaling by Dysregulated Thrombin Receptor Trafficking Promotes Breast Carcinoma Cell Invasion
Creators: name: Der, C. J.
name: Eckert, L. B.
name: Trejo, J.
name: Booden, M. A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Increased expression of protease-activated receptor 1 (PAR1), a G protein-coupled receptor for thrombin, has previously been correlated with breast carcinoma cell invasion. PAR1 is irreversibly proteolytically activated, internalized, and sorted directly to lysosomes, a critical process for the termination of signaling. We determined that activated PAR1 trafficking is severely altered in metastatic breast carcinoma cells but not in nonmetastatic or normal breast epithelial cells. Consequently, the proteolytically activated receptor is not sorted to lysosomes and degraded. Altered trafficking of proteolytically activated PAR1 caused sustained activation of phosphoinositide hydrolysis and extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling, even after thrombin withdrawal, and enhanced cellular invasion. Thus, our results reveal that a novel alteration in trafficking of activated PAR1 causes persistent signaling and, in addition to other processes and proteins, contributes to breast carcinoma cell invasion.
Foster Parent Knowledge and the Need for Information-Sharing Technology
Creators: name: Averbuch, Amy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 460912
subject: Knowledge and information management
classificationCode: 520501
subject: Community psychology

description: In 2023, the United States child welfare system suffers from disorganization, role ambiguity, and deficient transparency. With 12 contempt of court strikes for the system’s Director in 2022, it is clear why child welfare actors are unable to successfully perform. Foster parents, a key stakeholder in the proper care of children, report being unable to successfully perform because they are raising children with significant needs and trauma while having to locate and navigate child welfare system laws, policies, and procedures on their own. The purpose of this research project was to 1 ) identify whether foster parents know who is accountable for their foster child’s mental and physical health, legal case, medical care, and finances, 2) identify if foster parents know how to directly contact this party, 3) identify additional knowledge foster parents need about the system or their foster child, 4) connect with the Illinois foster parent community encouraging participant empowerment and self-efficacy, 5) work as a community identifying oppressive constructs that hinder information-sharing between the Illinois foster care system and foster parents, and 6) construct and implement a sustainable information-sharing, crowd-sourced platform for foster parents and other child welfare professionals to access information. The data for this project was collected using a quantitative and qualitative survey and 2 focus group sessions. The findings show that foster parents need additional information about the foster care system and their foster child, specifically medical information, indicating that a platform for foster parents, case workers, and other child welfare stakeholders, is critical.
Multi-scale Renormalization Group Methods for Effective Potentials with Multiple Scalar Fields
Creators: name: Steele, T. G.
name: Wang, Zhi-Wei
name: McKeon, D. G. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multi-scale renormalization group (RG) methods are reviewed and applied to the analysis of the effective potential for radiative symmetry breaking with multiple scalar fields, allowing an extension of the Gildener & Weinberg (GW) method beyond the weak coupling limit. A model containing two interacting real scalar fields is used to illustrate multi-scale RG methods and the multi-scale RG functions of this model are calculated to one-loop order for the $β$ function and two-loop order for the anomalous mass dimension. The introduction of an extra renormalization scale allows the mapping of the effective potential in this model onto an RG-equivalent form with an O(2) symmetric structure along a particular trajectory in the multiple renormalization-scale space, leading to a simplified form of the effective potential. It is demonstrated that the physical content of the effective potential in the original model, referenced to a single conventional renormalization scale, can be extracted from a particular RG-trajectory that connects to this multi-scale O(2)-symmetric form of the effective potential. Extensions of these multi-scale methods for effective potentials in models containing multiple scalars with $O(M)\times O(N)$ symmetry are also discussed.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures. References updated and explanations added