cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Idle Vehicle Relocation Strategy through Deep Learning for Shared Autonomous Electric Vehicle System Optimization
Creators: name: Kim, Seongsin
name: Lee, Ungki
name: Lee, Ikjin
name: Kang, Namwoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In optimization of a shared autonomous electric vehicle (SAEV) system, idle vehicle relocation strategies are important to reduce operation costs and customers' wait time. However, for an on-demand service, continuous optimization for idle vehicle relocation is computationally expensive, and thus, not effective. This study proposes a deep learning-based algorithm that can instantly predict the optimal solution to idle vehicle relocation problems under various traffic conditions. The proposed relocation process comprises three steps. First, a deep learning-based passenger demand prediction model using taxi big data is built. Second, idle vehicle relocation problems are solved based on predicted demands, and optimal solution data are collected. Finally, a deep learning model using the optimal solution data is built to estimate the optimal strategy without solving relocation. In addition, the proposed idle vehicle relocation model is validated by applying it to optimize the SAEV system. We present an optimal service system including the design of SAEV vehicles and charging stations. Further, we demonstrate that the proposed strategy can drastically reduce operation costs and wait times for on-demand services.
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ЭКСТРАКТА ШИПОВНИКА В БЕЗАЛКОГОЛЬНЫХ И АЛКОГОЛЬНЫХ НАПИТКАХ И ЕГО ПРОИЗВОДСТВО С ПРИМЕНЕНИЕМ БАРОМЕМБРАННЫХ ПРОЦЕССОВ
Creators: name: КУДРЯШОВ ВЯЧЕСЛАВ ЛЕОНИДОВИЧ
name: ПОГОРЖЕЛЬСКАЯ НАТАЛИЯ СЕРГЕЕВНА
name: ЛЕМТЮГИН АЛЕКСАНДР ИВАНОВИЧ
name: АЛЕКСЕЕВ ВЛАДИМИР ВИТАЛЬЕВИЧ
Publisher: name: Пиво и напитки
Year: 2018
Subjects: АСКОРБИНОВАЯ КИСЛОТА
БАРОМЕМБРАННЫЕ ПРОЦЕССЫ
БЕЗАЛКОГОЛЬНЫЕ НАПИТКИ
БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИ АКТИВНЫЕ ДОБАВКИ
ВИТАМИН С
ШИПОВНИК
ЭКСТРАКТЫ

description: В статье приведены данные по дефициту витаминов и других БАВ в продуктах питания населения России. Обеспеченность населения важнейшим витамином С за счет увеличения потребления овощей и фруктов в последние годы в целом улучшилась. Показано, что витамин С - антиоксидант, предохраняющий от бактерий и вирусов, он укрепляет иммунную систему, ускоряет заживление ран, оказывает противоаллергическое действие, улучшает функцию печени, регулирует обмен веществ, помогает в профилактике атеросклероза и близорукости, регулирует процессы кроветворения, нормализует проницаемость капилляров, участвует в биосинтезе белка коллагена и антистрессовых гормонов. Выявлено, что самое большое его количество содержится в шиповнике. Приведены данные по производству различных лечебно-профилактических безалкогольных напитков, сиропов, бальзамов и лекарств за счет введения шиповника и его экстрактов. Указаны факторы, разрушающие витамин С: действие света, ионная реакция среды, температура хранения и обработки, этанол, медь, железо, кофеин. Основной окислитель витамина С - кислород, действие которого усиливается, особенно в щелочной и нейтральной среде. В кислой среде витамин С устойчив до 100 °С. Поэтому добавлять шиповник в кофе и чай нецелесообразно. В алкогольных напитках экстракт следует использовать только в качестве коричневого красителя и вкусоароматической добавки. Показана необходимость усовершенствования существующей технологии производства сиропов шиповника с высоким содержанием сахара. Приведены результаты исследований экстракции: оболочек шиповника при гидромодуле сырье: экстрагент 1:10; плодов шиповника при гидромодуле 1:5. Оболочки шиповника получали путем его измельчения до размера частиц порядка 2,5 мм с последующим отсевом околоплодников и семян. Рекомендовано вместо выпаривания применять баромембранные процессы: ультрафильтрацию, нанофильтрацию и обратный осмос. Приведены экспериментальные данные и рекомендованы марки импортозамещающих мембран для очистки экстрактов шиповника - ультрафильтрационных, для концентрирования - обратноосмотических. Исследованы вязкость и осмотическое давление при концентрировании экстрактов с помощью обратного осмоса. Приведена технологическая схема новой линии производства ультраконцентрата экстракта шиповника, основанная на баромембранных процессах. Рекомендовано дополнить технологическую линию оборудованием для производства масла, обогащенного витамином С за счет экстракции семян шиповника.
Large electron-phonon interactions from FeSe phonons in a monolayer
Creators: name: Coh, Sinisa
name: Cohen, Marvin L.
name: Louie, Steven G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that electron-phonon coupling can induce strong electron pairing in an FeSe monolayer on a SrTiO3 substrate (experimental indications for superconducting Tc are between 65 and 109K). The role of the SrTiO3 substrate in increasing the coupling is two-fold. First, the interaction of the FeSe and TiO2 terminated face of SrTiO3 prevents the FeSe monolayer from undergoing a shear-type (orthorhombic, nematic) structural phase transition. Second, the substrate allows an anti-ferromagnetic ground state of FeSe which opens electron-phonon coupling channels within the monolayer that are prevented by symmetry in the non-magnetic phase. The spectral function for the electron-phonon coupling (alpha2F) in our calculations agrees well with inelastic tunneling data.
description: Updated version, including supplement. Accepted for publication in New Journal of Physics
Local dendritic balance enables learning of efficient representations in networks of spiking neurons
Creators: name: Mikulasch, Fabian Alexander
name: Rudelt, Lucas
name: Priesemann, Viola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: How can neural networks learn to efficiently represent complex and high-dimensional inputs via local plasticity mechanisms? Classical models of representation learning assume that input weights are learned via pairwise Hebbian-like plasticity. Here, we show that pairwise Hebbian-like plasticity only works under unrealistic requirements on neural dynamics and input statistics. To overcome these limitations, we derive from first principles a learning scheme based on voltage-dependent synaptic plasticity rules. Here, inhibition learns to locally balance excitatory input in individual dendritic compartments, and thereby can modulate excitatory synaptic plasticity to learn efficient representations. We demonstrate in simulations that this learning scheme works robustly even for complex, high-dimensional and correlated inputs, and with inhibitory transmission delays, where Hebbian-like plasticity fails. Our results draw a direct connection between dendritic excitatory-inhibitory balance and voltage-dependent synaptic plasticity as observed in vivo, and suggest that both are crucial for representation learning.
description: 34 Pages, 14 Figures
Recent developments in warm inflation
Creators: name: Kamali, Vahid
name: Motaharfar, Meysam
name: Ramos, Rudnei O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Warm inflation, its different particle physics model implementations and the implications of dissipative particle production for its cosmology are reviewed. First, we briefly present the background dynamics of warm inflation and contrast it with the cold inflation picture. An exposition of the space of parameters for different well-motivated potentials, which are ruled out, or severely constrained in the cold inflation scenario, but not necessarily in warm inflation, is provided. Next, the quantum field theory aspects in realizing explicit microscopic models for warm inflation are given. This includes the derivation of dissipation coefficients relevant in warm inflation for different particle field theory models. The dynamics of cosmological perturbations in warm inflation are then described. The general expression for the curvature scalar power spectrum is shown. We then discuss in details the relevant regimes of warm inflation, the weak and strong dissipative regimes. We also discuss the results predicted in these regimes of warm inflation and how they are confronted with the observational data. We explain how the dissipative dynamics in warm inflation can address several long-standing issues related to (post-) inflationary cosmology. This includes recent discussions concerning the so-called swampland criteria and how warm inflation can belong to the landscape of string theory.
description: 29 pages, 4 figures. An invited review for the journal Universe
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК КВАСА
Creators: name: КОБЕЛЕВ КОНСТАНТИН ВИКТОРОВИЧ
Publisher: name: Пиво и напитки
Year: 2018
Subjects: ВЫСШИЕ СПИРТЫ
ДРОЖЖИ
ЗЕРНОВОЕ СЫРЬЕ
КВАС
МОЛОЧНОКИСЛЫЕ БАКТЕРИИ
ОРГАНИЧЕСКИЕ КИСЛОТЫ
ЭФИРЫ

description: В настоящее время в мировой практике производства безалкогольных напитков большое внимание уделяют созданию натуральных ферментированных напитков. Положительная динамика рынка кваса, в первую очередь, объясняется популярностью натурального напитка, а также весьма привлекательной для бизнеса экономической составляющей. Однако, по органолептическим показателям готовый квас, с точки зрения стабильности и узнаваемости, не всегда отвечает современным требованиям потребительского рынка. Статья посвящена исследованиям основных физико-химических показателей кваса различных производителей. Результаты исследований общего содержания исследуемых соединений свидетельствуют о том, что накопление органических кислот и летучих компонентов, образующихся в процессе брожения, их состав и соотношение зависят от качества исходного сырья, расы используемых дрожжей и молочнокислых бактерий, способа подкисления готового кваса, а также технологических параметров процесса брожения. Сформирована база данных, систематизация которых позволила разработать критерии идентификации квасов. Разработанные методики (жидкостная и газовая хроматографии) позволяют идентифицировать квасы инструментальными методами. Полученную базу данных по идентификации использовали при оценке качества квасов с содержанием объемной доли спирта не более 0,5 %, получаемых по инновационной технологии промышленного производства кваса, которая предусматривает производство концентрированных сброженных основ из ржаного солода и ржи с применением как дрожжевого, так и молочнокислого брожения. В процессе сбраживания квасного сусла в нем накапливаются все необходимые продукты брожения, такие как летучие компоненты и органические кислоты. Сброженное сусло после термообработки для инактивации микроорганизмов и концентрирования под вакуумом использовали для приготовления кваса. В производственных условиях с использованием концентрированных сброженных основ выпущены опытные партии кваса, в которых определяли основные физико-химические показатели. Во всех образцах содержание объемной доли спирта находилось в диапазоне 0,29-0,38 %, что в соответствии с российским законодательством позволяет отнести их к безалкогольным напиткам. Состав органических кислот и летучих компонентов экспериментальных квасов свидетельствует об идентичности их качественного состава промышленным образцам. Выпуск кваса из концентрированных сброженных основ позволяет сократить длительность производственного цикла, снизить затраты на производство кваса и обеспечить выпуск высококачественного, конкурентоспособного натурального напитка со стабильными потребительскими свойствами.
Quantum state tomography of large nuclear spins in a semiconductor quantum well: Optimal robustness against errors as quantified by condition numbers
Creators: name: Miranowicz, Adam
name: Ozdemir, Sahin K.
name: Bajer, Jiri
name: Yusa, Go
name: Imoto, Nobuyuki
name: Hirayama, Yoshiro
name: Nori, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss methods of quantum state tomography for solid-state systems with a large nuclear spin $I=3/2$ in nanometer-scale semiconductors devices based on a quantum well. Due to quadrupolar interactions, the Zeeman levels of these nuclear-spin devices become nonequidistant, forming a controllable four-level quantum system (known as quartit or ququart). The occupation of these levels can be selectively and coherently manipulated by multiphoton transitions using the techniques of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) [Yusa et al., Nature (London) 434, 101 (2005)]. These methods are based on an unconventional approach to NMR, where the longitudinal magnetization $M_z$ is directly measured. This is in contrast to the standard NMR experiments and tomographic methods, where the transverse magnetization $M_{xy}$ is detected. The robustness against errors in the measured data is analyzed by using the condition number based on the spectral norm. We propose several methods with optimized sets of rotations yielding the highest robustness against errors, as described by the condition number equal to 1, assuming an ideal experimental detection. This robustness is only slightly deteriorated, as given by the condition number equal to 1.05, for a more realistic "noisy" $M_z$ detection based on the standard cyclically-ordered phase sequence (CYCLOPS) method.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures
Metrics and Isometries for Convex Functions
Creators: name: Li, Ben
name: Mussnig, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26B25 (Primary) 54E40, 52A20, 52A41 (Secondary)

description: We introduce a class of functional analogs of the symmetric difference metric on the space of coercive convex functions on $\mathbb{R}^n$ with full-dimensional domain. We show that convergence with respect to these metrics is equivalent to epi-convergence. Furthermore, we give a full classification of all isometries with respect to some of the new metrics. Moreover, we introduce two new functional analogs of the Hausdorff metric on the spaces of coercive convex functions and super-coercive convex functions, respectively, and prove equivalence to epi-convergence.
Explainable Artificial Intelligence for Manufacturing Cost Estimation and Machining Feature Visualization
Creators: name: Yoo, Soyoung
name: Kang, Namwoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Studies on manufacturing cost prediction based on deep learning have begun in recent years, but the cost prediction rationale cannot be explained because the models are still used as a black box. This study aims to propose a manufacturing cost prediction process for 3D computer-aided design (CAD) models using explainable artificial intelligence. The proposed process can visualize the machining features of the 3D CAD model that are influencing the increase in manufacturing costs. The proposed process consists of (1) data collection and pre-processing, (2) 3D deep learning architecture exploration, and (3) visualization to explain the prediction results. The proposed deep learning model shows high predictability of manufacturing cost for the computer numerical control (CNC) machined parts. In particular, using 3D gradient-weighted class activation mapping proves that the proposed model not only can detect the CNC machining features but also can differentiate the machining difficulty for the same feature. Using the proposed process, we can provide a design guidance to engineering designers in reducing manufacturing costs during the conceptual design phase. We can also provide real-time quotations and redesign proposals to online manufacturing platform customers.
Fermionic partial tomography via classical shadows
Creators: name: Zhao, Andrew
name: Rubin, Nicholas C.
name: Miyake, Akimasa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a tomographic protocol for estimating any $ k $-body reduced density matrix ($ k $-RDM) of an $ n $-mode fermionic state, a ubiquitous step in near-term quantum algorithms for simulating many-body physics, chemistry, and materials. Our approach extends the framework of classical shadows, a randomized approach to learning a collection of quantum-state properties, to the fermionic setting. Our sampling protocol uses randomized measurement settings generated by a discrete group of fermionic Gaussian unitaries, implementable with linear-depth circuits. We prove that estimating all $ k $-RDM elements to additive precision $ \varepsilon $ requires on the order of $ \binom{n}{k} k^{3/2} \log(n) / \varepsilon^2 $ repeated state preparations, which is optimal up to the logarithmic factor. Furthermore, numerical calculations show that our protocol offers a substantial improvement in constant overheads for $ k \geq 2 $, as compared to prior deterministic strategies. We also adapt our method to particle-number symmetry, wherein the additional circuit depth may be halved at the cost of roughly 2-5 times more repetitions.
description: 5+26 pages, 5 figures, 1 table. The SM has been revised to replace an incorrect variance expression for arbitrary observables with an upper bound instead. The results presented in the main text are unaffected by this revision
ТЕХНИКО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЕ ОБОСНОВАНИЕ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ДИСТИЛЛЯТОВ ИЗ ВОЗВРАТНЫХ ОТХОДОВ ХЛЕБОПЕКАРНОГО ПРОИЗВОДСТВА
Creators: name: ОГАНЕСЯНЦ ЛЕВ АРСЕНОВИЧ
name: ПЕСЧАНСКАЯ ВИОЛЕТТА АЛЕКСАНДРОВНА
name: КРИКУНОВА ЛЮДМИЛА НИКОЛАЕВНА
Publisher: name: Пиво и напитки
Year: 2018
Subjects: ВИДЫ ОТХОДОВ
ВОЗВРАТНЫЕ ОТХОДЫ ХЛЕБОПЕКАРНОГО ПРОИЗВОДСТВА
ПУТИ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ И НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ОТХОДОВ

description: В работе приведены обзорные данные по ассортименту выпускаемой хлебопекарной отраслью продукции, и оценен отечественный рынок. Приведена сравнительная характеристика химического состава зерна и полученной из него муки в зависимости от сорта для выработки пшеничного, пшенично-ржаного и ржано-пшеничного хлеба. Сделан прогноз по влиянию отдельных компонентов вторичных отходов хлебопекарного производства (крахмала, зольности, белковых компонентов и липидов) на выход и качественные характеристики дистиллятов. Доказана нецелесообразность использования для производства дистиллятов сдобных изделий, содержащих повышенное содержание жира (до 14 % и выше). Приведены данные о причинах образования на хлебопекарных предприятиях возвратных отходов хлебопекарного производства, а также их возврата из торговых сетей. Показано, что в настоящее время отходы производства могут перерабатываться для выработки панировочных сухарей, хлебной крошки, мочки. Однако, применение данных возвратных продуктов на самом хлебопекарном предприятии ограничено строго регламентируемым допустимым количеством использования. Увеличение доли возвратных отходов, применяемых при производстве хлеба, в основном, приводит к понижению качественных характеристик готовой продукции. Обоснована перспективность использования возвратных отходов хлебопекарного производства в винодельческой отрасли. Это позволит расширить сырьевую базу предприятий, будет способствовать более рациональному использованию сырьевых ресурсов страны и даст возможность решить экологические проблемы хлебопекарной отрасли.
On the three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamics system in scaling-invariant spaces
Creators: name: Yamazaki, Kazuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the criterion for the velocity and magnetic vector fields that solve the three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamics system, given any initial data sufficiently smooth, to experience a finite-time blowup. Following the work of [12] and making use of the structure of the system, we obtain a criterion that is imposed on the magnetic vector field and only one of the three components of the velocity vector field, both in scaling-invariant spaces.
description: This is the version accepted by Bull. Sci. Math., currently in press. There is no mathematical change at all, only grammatical and formatting revision, Bull. Sci. Math. (2015)
Because Every Sensor Is Unique, so Is Every Pair: Handling Dynamicity in Traffic Forecasting
Creators: name: Prabowo, Arian
name: Shao, Wei
name: Xue, Hao
name: Koniusz, Piotr
name: Salim, Flora D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Traffic forecasting is a critical task to extract values from cyber-physical infrastructures, which is the backbone of smart transportation. However owing to external contexts, the dynamics at each sensor are unique. For example, the afternoon peaks at sensors near schools are more likely to occur earlier than those near residential areas. In this paper, we first analyze real-world traffic data to show that each sensor has a unique dynamic. Further analysis also shows that each pair of sensors also has a unique dynamic. Then, we explore how node embedding learns the unique dynamics at every sensor location. Next, we propose a novel module called Spatial Graph Transformers (SGT) where we use node embedding to leverage the self-attention mechanism to ensure that the information flow between two sensors is adaptive with respect to the unique dynamic of each pair. Finally, we present Graph Self-attention WaveNet (G-SWaN) to address the complex, non-linear spatiotemporal traffic dynamics. Through empirical experiments on four real-world, open datasets, we show that the proposed method achieves superior performance on both traffic speed and flow forecasting. Code is available at: https://github.com/aprbw/G-SWaN
description: 20 pages, IoTDI 2023; Correction on Fig. 4
Critical prewetting in the 2d Ising model
Creators: name: Ioffe, Dmitry
name: Ott, Sébastien
name: Shlosman, Senya
name: Velenik, Yvan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we develop a detailed analysis of critical prewetting in the context of the two-dimensional Ising model. Namely, we consider a two-dimensional nearest-neighbor Ising model in a $2N\times N$ rectangular box with a boundary condition inducing the coexistence of the $+$ phase in the bulk and a layer of $-$ phase along the bottom wall. The presence of an external magnetic field of intensity $h=λ/N$ (for some fixed $λ>0$) makes the layer of $-$ phase unstable. For any $β>β_{\rm c}$, we prove that, under a diffusing scaling by $N^{-2/3}$ horizontally and $N^{-1/3}$ vertically, the interface separating the layer of unstable phase from the bulk phase weakly converges to an explicit Ferrari-Spohn diffusion.
description: Improved presentation and additional details, after comments from the referees
Neutrino oscillation caused by spacetime geometry
Creators: name: Ghose, Indrajit
name: Barick, Riya
name: Lahiri, Amitabha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Effects of gravitational interaction are generally neglected in particle physics. A first order formulation of gravity is presented to include gravity in Quantum Mechanical Lagrangian of fermions. It is seen that fermions minimally coupled to gravity gives rise to a torsionless effective theory with a quartic interaction. After passing through a thermal background the most generic form of contortion contributes to neutrino effective mass. This effective mass can change the current oscillation parameters.
description: Based on talk delivered by Indrajit Ghose at the International Conference on Neutrinos and Dark Matter (NuDM-2022), Sharm El-Sheikh, Egypt, 25-28 September, 2022
Nodes on quintic spectrahedra
Creators: name: Brysiewicz, Taylor
name: Kozhasov, Khazhgali
name: Kummer, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We classify transversal quintic spectrahedra by the location of 20 nodes on the respective real determinantal surface of degree 5. We identify 65 classes of such surfaces and find an explicit representative in each of them.
Local well-posedness for the Landau-Lifshitz equation with helicity term
Creators: name: Shimizu, Ikkei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q55, 35Q60, 35A01, 35A02, 35B45

description: We consider the initial value problem for the Landau-Lifshitz equation with helicity term (chiral interaction term), which arises from the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. We prove that it is well-posed locally-in-time in the space $\bar{k} +H^s$ for $s\ge 3$ with $s\in \mathbb{Z}$ and $\bar{k}={}^t(0,0,1)$. We also show that if we further assume that the solution is homotopic to constant maps, then local well-posedness holds in the space $\bar{k} + H^s$ for $s>2$ with $s\in \mathbb{R}$. Our proof is base on the analysis via the modified Schrödinger map equation.
Neutron Star Mergers and the Quark Matter Equation of State
Creators: name: Mathews, Grant J.
name: Kedia, Atul
name: Kim, Hee Il
name: Suh, In-Saeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As neutron stars merge they can approach very high nuclear density. Here, we summarized recent results for the evolution and gravitational wave emission from binary neutron star mergers using a a variety of nuclear equations of state with and without a crossover transition to quark matter. We discuss how the late time gravitational wave emission from binary neutron star mergers may possibly reveal the existence of a crossover transition to quark matter.
description: Proceedings of the XVth Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum, Stvanger, Norway, August 1-6, 2022
Linking Streets in OpenStreetMap to Persons in Wikidata
Creators: name: Gurtovoy, Daria
name: Gottschalk, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Geographic web sources such as OpenStreetMap (OSM) and knowledge graphs such as Wikidata are often unconnected. An example connection that can be established between these sources are links between streets in OSM to the persons in Wikidata they were named after. This paper presents StreetToPerson, an approach for connecting streets in OSM to persons in a knowledge graph based on relations in the knowledge graph and spatial dependencies. Our evaluation shows that we outperform existing approaches by 26 percentage points. In addition, we apply StreetToPerson on all OSM streets in Germany, for which we identify more than 180,000 links between streets and persons.
description: The definitive Version of Record was published in Companion Proceedings of the Web Conference 2022 (WWW '22 Companion), April 25-29, 2022, Virtual Event, Lyon, France
Carbon Concentration and the Use of Direct-Reduced Iron in Ironmaking and Steelmaking
Creators: name: Geonu Kim
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 91299 Materials Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Materials engineering

description: Direct reduced iron (DRI), as a primary feedstock in ironmaking and steelmaking, must maintain strength and integrity during processing, transportation, and use to avoid any operational issue and loss of materials. Mechanical properties and structural changes of DRI during production should be understood. The first part of this study was designed to find associations among physical properties, structural changes, and inner phases of direct reduced iron developed during reduction and carburization.The effects of gas composition and the extent of reduction on the compressive strength of DRI were investigated. Gas mixtures containing different proportions of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, water vapor, carbon dioxide, and methane were tested. The structure of laboratory and industrial DRI was examined and correlated with gas composition and mechanical properties. After reduction, structural changes accompanying reduction and carburization were investigated with scanning electron microscopy, swelling was measured, and phases were quantified by X-ray diffraction. The major strength loss occurred in the first reduction step, when hematite grains transformed into porous magnetite. Carburization after reduction had a minor effect on strength, except when extensive precipitation of elemental carbon caused lower strength, similar to the metal dusting corrosion mechanism. Higher strengths were obtained when water vapor was added to the reducing gas.With the growing interest and production today, a better understanding of DRI melting behavior in continuous and batch processes is required. DRI carbon content and its forms such as cementite, graphite, or amorphous carbon can have an impact on DRI melting temperature and melting behavior. In the second part of this study, the effect of carbon bonding and carbon concentration on DRI melting behavior was investigated. This study will help steelmakers to select the optimal DRI type and composition for their steelmaking operation.The concentration and chemical bonding state of carbon in DRI might affect DRI melting temperature and rate. The effects of carbon bonding state and concentration were evaluated with high-temperature confocal microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and by monitoring the carbon monoxide generation rate from reactions between DRI pellets and a laboratory slag-steel melt. In industrial steelmaking, DRI melting is likely controlled by heat transfer; the concentration and bonding state of carbon play secondary roles.
Strain-adjustable reflectivity of polyurethane nanofiber membrane for thermal management applications
Creators: name: Li, Xin
name: Ding, Zhenmin
name: Lio, Giuseppe Emanuele
name: Zhao, Jiupeng
name: Xu, Hongbo
name: Pattelli, Lorenzo
name: Pan, Lei
name: Li, Yao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Passive radiative cooling technologies are highly attractive in pursuing sustainable development. However, current cooling materials are often static, which makes it difficult to cope with the varying needs of all-weather thermal comfort management. Herein, a strategy is designed to obtain flexible thermoplastic polyurethane nanofiber (Es-TPU) membranes via electrospinning, realizing reversible in-situ solvent-free switching between radiative cooling and solar heating through changes in its optical reflectivity by stretching. In its radiative cooling state (0% strain), the Es-TPU membrane shows a high and angular-independent reflectance of 95.6% in the 0.25-2.5 μm wavelength range and an infrared emissivity of 93.3% in the atmospheric transparency window (8-13 μm), reaching a temperature drop of 10 °C at midday, with a corresponding cooling power of 118.25 W/m2. The excellent mechanical properties of the Es-TPU membrane allows the continuous adjustment of reflectivity by reversibly stretching it, reaching a reflectivity of 61.1% (ΔR=34.5%) under an elongation strain of 80%, leading to a net temperature increase of 9.5 °C above ambient of an absorbing substrate and an equivalent power of 220.34 W/m2 in this solar heating mode. The strong haze, hydrophobicity and outstanding aging resistance exhibited by this scalable membrane hold promise for achieving uniform illumination with tunable strength and efficient thermal management in practical applications.
description: accepted version of the manuscript published on Chemical Engineering Journal
Precise determination of low energy electronuclear Hamiltonian for LiY$_{1-x}$Ho$_{x}$F$_{4}$
Creators: name: Beckert, A.
name: Hermans, R. I.
name: Grimm, M.
name: Freeman, J. R.
name: Linfield, E. H.
name: Davies, A. G.
name: Müller, M.
name: Sigg, H.
name: Gerber, S.
name: Matmon, G.
name: Aeppli, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use complementary optical spectroscopy methods to directly measure the lowest crystal-field energies of the rare-earth quantum magnet LiY$_{1-x}$Ho$_{x}$F$_{4}$, including their hyperfine splittings, with more than 10 times higher resolution than previous work. We are able to observe energy level splittings due to the $^6\mathrm{Li}$ and $^7\mathrm{Li}$ isotopes, as well as non-equidistantly spaced hyperfine transitions originating from dipolar and quadrupolar hyperfine interactions. We provide refined crystal field parameters and extract the dipolar and quadrupolar hyperfine constants ${A_J=0.02703\pm0.00003}$ $\textrm{cm}^{-1}$ and ${B= 0.04 \pm0.01}$ $\textrm{cm}^{-1}$, respectively. Thereupon we determine all crystal-field energy levels and magnetic moments of the $^5I_8$ ground state manifold, including the (non-linear) hyperfine corrections. The latter match the measurement-based estimates. The scale of the non-linear hyperfine corrections sets an upper bound for the inhomogeneous line widths that would still allow for unique addressing of a selected hyperfine transition. e.g. for quantum information applications. Additionally, we establish the far-infrared, low-temperature refractive index of LiY$_{1-x}$Ho$_{x}$F$_{4}$.
description: 9 pages, 6 Figures, 3 Tables
Dispersion control in pressure-driven flow through bowed rectangular microchannels
Creators: name: Lee, Garam
name: Luner, Alan
name: Marzuola, Jeremy
name: Harris, Daniel M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In fully-developed pressure-driven flow, the spreading of a dissolved solute is enhanced in the flow direction due to transverse velocity variations in a phenomenon now commonly referred to as Taylor-Aris dispersion. It is well understood that the characteristics of the dispersion are sensitive to the channel's cross-sectional geometry. Here we demonstrate a method for manipulation of dispersion in a single rectangular microchannel via controlled deformation of its upper wall. Using a rapidly prototyped multi-layer microchip, the channel wall is deformed by a controlled pressure source allowing us to characterize the dependence of the dispersion on the deflection of the channel wall and overall channel aspect ratio. For a given channel aspect ratio, an optimal deformation to minimize dispersion is found, consistent with prior numerical and theoretical predictions. Our experimental measurements are also compared directly to numerical predictions using an idealized geometry.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
FAIRsharing: discover and curate an ecosystem of research standards and databases
Creators: name: Lister, Allyson
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2022

description: FAIRsharing helps many user communities to enhance discoverability of both their resources (databases, standards, policies) and the data they produce. Find out how FAIRsharing can help enable FAIR data as well as findability of resources for the multi-omics domain as part of a presentation for ECCB 2022 (NTB W02) at the "FAIRification of multi-omics metadata" workshop.
title: Entwicklung einer mobilen Reporting-Applikation zur Artikulation entscheidungsrelevanter Informationsbedarfe im Katastrophenschutz
Creators: name: Ludwig, Thomas
name: Reuter, Christian
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V
Year: 2023

description: Die im Katastrophenschutz beteiligten Behörden und Organisationen mit Sicherheitsaufgaben (BOS) benötigen für Entscheidungen stets möglichst aktuelle und genaue Informationen. Diese werden dabei je nach Lage von den Einsatzkräften, welche sich am Schadensort befinden, via Funk an die teilweise entfernt sitzenden Entscheidungsträger berichtet. Unsere Design-Fallstudie untersucht interaktive Unterstützungsmöglichkeiten dieser Berichts- bzw. Reporting-Prozesse: In einer qualitativen empirischen Studie deckten wir die Kommunikationspraktiken von BOS auf und entwickelten darauf aufbauend ein Konzept zur semi-strukturierten Artikulation von Informationsbedarfen, welches als mobile Android Applikation implementiert und mit potentiellen Nutzern evaluiert wurde. Unser Beitrag präsentiert, wie zielgerichtete Anfragen von Informationen unter Berücksichtigung angemessener Metadaten das Berichts- und Meldewesen örtlich verteilter Einsatzkräfte unterstützen können.
Interpolation by multivariate polynomials in convex domains
Creators: name: Antezana, Jorge
name: Marzo, Jordi
name: Ortega-Cerdà, Joaquim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $Ω$ be a convex open set in $\mathbb R^n$ and let $Λ_k$ be a finite subset of $Ω$. We find necessary geometric conditions for $Λ_k$ to be interpolating for the space of multivariate polynomials of degree at most $k$. Our results are asymptotic in $k$. The density conditions obtained match precisely the necessary geometric conditions that sampling sets are known to satisfy, and they are expressed in terms of the equilibrium potential of the convex set. Moreover, we prove that in the particular case of the unit ball, for $k$ large enough, there is no family of orthogonal reproducing kernels in the space of polynomials of degree at most $k$.
description: 17 pages
scTAM-seq enables targeted high-confidence analysis of DNA methylation in single cells
Creators: name: Bianchi, Agostina
name: Scherer, Michael
name: Zaurin, Roser
name: Quilian, Kimberley
name: Velten, Lars
name: Beekman, Renee
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2022

description: Profiling DNA methylation at the single-cell level remains challenging due to excessive noise inherent in the assays, as well as limited cellular throughput.
 To overcome these two issues, we developed a targeted bisulfite-free method termed scTAM-seq, which profiles up to 650 CpGs in up to 10,000 cells per experiment. ScTAM-seq has a dropout rate of less than seven percent, since sequencing coverage is focused on informative, variably methylated CpGs. Epigenomic consortia have profiled DNA methylation at the bulk level in many tissues and uncovered that cell-type markers make up a minor fraction of all CpGs. We developed an accompanying software suite that leverages bulk data to determine putatively informative CpGs for investigating cellular differentiation and states.
 To analyze DNA methylation data generated by scTAM-seq, we extended existing software applications and developed new analysis workflows. Subsequently, we applied scTAM-seq to B cells from blood and bone marrow and demonstrated that it can resolve DNA methylation dynamics across B-cell differentiation at unprecedented resolution. Within the population of non-switch memory B cells, we identified intermediate differentiation states that were previously masked in bulk DNA methylation data. Since scTAM-seq leverages the Mission Bio tapestri platform, it additionally queries surface protein expression, thus enabling integration of single-cell DNA methylation information with cell atlas data. Additionally, it can investigate somatic mutations thus allowing applications in tumor profiling. In summary, scTAM-seq is the first high-throughput, high-confidence method for analyzing DNA methylation at single-CpG resolution across thousands of single cells.
Eine faire Gestaltung der Nutzungsrechte der Daten aus dem DGS-Korpus-Projekt
Creators: name: Hanke, Thomas
name: Hong, Sung-Eun
name: König, Susanne
name: Langer, Gabriele
name: Nishio, Rie
name: Rathmann, Christian
Publisher: name: Universität Hamburg
Year: 2010

description: Dieses Poster ist die deutsche Übersetzung des Posters „Towards Fair Licences for Data from the DGS Corpus Project“, das am 4. Dezember 2010 auf dem SLCN-Netzwerk-Workshop in Berlin präsentiert wurde. Es diskutiert Modelle für zukünftige Lizenzen zur Nutzung von Korpusdaten aus dem DGS-Korpus-Projekt as Kompromiss zwischen den Persönlichkeitsrechten der an der Datenerhebung Teilnehmenden, die im Video sichtbar werden, und den Forschern, die Arbeit in die Analyse der Daten investieren.
W*-rigidity paradigms for embeddings of II$_1$ factors
Creators: name: Popa, Sorin
name: Vaes, Stefaan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We undertake a systematic study of W*-rigidity paradigms for the embeddability relation $\hookrightarrow$ between separable II$_1$ factors and its stable version $\hookrightarrow_s$, obtaining large families of non stably isomorphic II$_1$ factors that are mutually embeddable and families of II$_1$ factors that are mutually non stably embeddable. We provide an augmentation functor $G \mapsto H_G$ from the category of groups into icc groups, so that $L(H_{G_1}) \hookrightarrow_s L(H_{G_2})$ iff $G_1 \hookrightarrow G_2$. We construct complete intervals of II$_1$ factors, including a strict chain of II$_1$ factors $(M_k)_{k\in \mathbb{Z}}$ with the property that if $N$ is any II$_1$ factor with $M_i \hookrightarrow_s N$ and $N \hookrightarrow_s M_{j}$, then $N \cong M_k^t$ for some $i \leq k \leq j$ and $t > 0$.
description: v3: minor changes, final version, to appear in Communications in Mathematical Physics
Fecal Cortisol Metabolites in Dairy Cows: A Cross-Sectional Exploration of Associations with Animal, Stockperson, and Farm Characteristics
Creators: name: Ebinghaus, Asja
name: Knierim, Ute
name: Simantke, Christel
name: Palme, Rupert
name: Ivemeyer, Silvia
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: dairy cows
subject: stress
subject: cortisol metabolites
subject: human–animal relationship
subject: 590
subject: 630
subject: Milchkuh
subject: Stress
subject: Metabolit
subject: Hydrocortison
subject: Tier
subject: Mensch

description: Gefördert durch den Publikationsfonds der Universität Kassel
Coherent dynamics of multi-spin $\rm V_B^-$ centers in hexagonal boron nitride
Creators: name: Liu, W.
name: Ivády, V.
name: Li, Z. -P.
name: Yang, Y. -Z.
name: Yu, S.
name: Meng, Y.
name: Wang, Z. -A.
name: Guo, N. -J.
name: Yan, F. -F.
name: Li, Q.
name: Wang, J. -F.
name: Xu, J. -S.
name: Liu, X.
name: Dong, Z. -Q. Zhou Y.
name: Chen, X. -D.
name: Sun, F. -W.
name: Wang, Y. -T.
name: Tang, J. -S.
name: Gali, A.
name: Li, C. -F.
name: Guo, G. -C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) has recently been demonstrated to contain optically polarized and detected electron spins that can be utilized for implementing qubits and quantum sensors in nanolayered-devices. Understanding the coherent dynamics of microwave driven spins in hBN is of crucial importance for advancing these emerging new technologies. Here, we demonstrate and study the Rabi oscillation and related dynamical phenomena of the negatively charged boron vacancy ($\rm V_B^-$) spins in hBN. We report on different dynamics of the $\rm V_B^-$ spins at weak and strong magnetic fields. In the former case the defect behaves like a single electron spin system, while in the latter case it behaves like a multi-spin system exhibiting the multiple-frequency dynamical oscillation like clear beat in Ramsey fringes. We also carry out theoretical simulations for the spin dynamics of $\rm V_B^-$ and reveal that the nuclear spins can be driven via the strong electric-nuclear coupling existing in $\rm V_B^-$ center, which can be modulated by the magnetic field and microwave field.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Microbial co-occurrence network reveals climate and geographic patterns for soil diversity on the planet
Creators: name: Pechlivanis, Nikolaos
name: Karakatsoulis, Georgios
name: Sgardelis, Stefanos
name: Kappas, Ilias
name: Psomopoulos, Fotis
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2022

description: Soil microbiota plays an integral role in shaping the overall biodiversity of our planet. Yet systematic investigations on how microbial communities are affected by geographic and climatic factors, especially with the ongoing climate change, are still limited. Previous studies (10.1038/ismej.2015.261) have tried to explore the microbial diversity in specific geographic areas or were focused more on the underlying microbial interactions rather than the structure changes (10.1186/s40168-020-00857-2). Here, we explore the effects of key climatic factors and geographic patterns on soil diversity and microbial interactions across the globe. To this end, we have used data from the Earth Microbiome Project (EMP, 10.1038/nature24621), as it offers a massive collection of planetary-scale microbiome datasets. In conjunction with the Köppen-Geiger climate classification (10.1038/sdata.2018.214) and other bioclimatic variables from the WorldClim database (10.1002/joc.5086), the above dataset assembly can be used to identify important variations in soil diversity. Initial comparisons between different climate classifications revealed statistically significant differences amongst them, highlighting the role that temperature and precipitation play in microbiota presence. In addition, a microbial co-occurrence network was built to capture soil microbial interactions using the SpiecEasi workflow (10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004226). The resulting network was used to identify hub species in each climatic environment and revealed significant topological shifts on the network level for different climatic regions. Our study of soil diversity in different climate environments contributes to a better understanding of how climatic factors affect its distribution on Earth.