cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Photograph published in Xizang Ribao (Eng. Tibet Daily) of the arrest of Dawa Wangdu (a.k.a. Lhundrub Jinpa), a monk from the Jokhang Temple in Lhasa, 1989
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Police brutality
Political violence in mass media
Tibetans

description: Photograph taken by the official Chinese police and published in Xizang Ribao (Eng. Tibet Daily) of the arrest of Dawa Wangdu (a.k.a. Lhundrub Jinpa), a monk from the Jokhang Temple in Lhasa.
Bell Inequalities, Experimental Protocols and Contextuality
Creators: name: Kupczynski, Marian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The violation of Bell, CHSH and CH inequalities indicates only that the assumption of "conterfactual definiteness" and/or the probabilistic models used in proofs were incorrect. In this paper we discuss in detail an intimate relation between experimental protocols and probabilistic models. In particular we show that local realistic and stochastic hidden variable models are inconsistent with the experimental protocols used in spin polarization correlation experiments. In particular these models neglect a contextual character of quantum theory (QT) and do not describe properly quantum measurements. We argue that the violation of various inequalities gives arguments against the irreducible randomness of act of the measurement. Therefore quantum probabilities are reducible what means that QT is emergent. In this case one could expect to discover in time series of data some unpredicted fine structures proving that QT is not predictably complete what would be a major discovery.
description: 19 pages,17eqs,75 references. Invited Talk given at QTPA conference in Vaxjo, Sweden, 2014, In last version small modification made in the first paragraph of the section 4.3, Found. Phys.,2014
Photograph published in the Hainan Review of Three Tibetans behind bars for demonstrating, Lhasa, 1989
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Police brutality
Political violence in mass media
Tibetans

description: Photograph published in the Hainan Review of Three Tibetans behind bars for demonstrating, one of them wounded on the head.
Schur-Weyl duality for quantum toroidal superalgebras
Creators: name: Lu, Kang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We establish the Schur-Weyl type duality between double affine Hecke algebras and quantum toroidal superalgebras, generalizing the well known result of Vasserot-Varagnolo [VV96] to the super case.
description: 17 pages; v3 a new Proposition 2.7 to fix a gap in the proof of Proposition 2.9; to appear in Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra
IDENTIDADE E CRENÇAS DA ASSEMBLEIA DE DEUS: UM ESTUDO MODERADO DE QUESTÕES BÁSICAS
Creators: name: Roberto, dos Santos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Alinhando-se aos estudos sobre história e teologia da Assembleia de Deus que vêm sendo realizados e publicados no Brasil, meu estudo tem o propósito de contribuir com a compreensão e identificação da igreja evangélica Assembleia de Deus, bem como de seus aspectos teológicos, espirituais e culturais. Faço desse tema o esquema básico do estudo, conjugando os estudos históricos com a prática das doutrinas pentecostais inseridos no contexto da Assembleia de Deus no Brasil. Este estudo tem por objetivo fornecer algumas informações básicas sobre a origem da Assembleia de Deus nos EUA e no Brasil, falar também sobre os valores pentecostais dos pais fundadores e ainda destacar quais critérios devem ser tomados para a admissibilidade de uma congregação genuinamente assembleiana dentro da tradição ortodoxa do pentecostalismo.
States with higher minimum wages have lower STI rates among women: Results of an ecological study of 66 US metropolitan areas, 2003-2015
Creators: name: Ibragimov, U.
name: Edwards, J.K.
name: Williams, L.D.
name: Adimora, A.A.
name: Beane, S.
name: Friedman, S.R.
name: Tempalski, B.
name: Livingston, M.D.
name: Stall, R.D.
name: Wingood, G.M.
name: Cooper, H.L.F.
name: Komro, K.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2019

description: Prior research has found that places and people that are more economically disadvantaged have higher rates and risks, respectively, of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Economic disadvantages at the level of places and people, however, are themselves influenced by economic policies. To enhance the policy relevance of STI research, we explore, for the first time, the relationship between state-level minimum wage policies and STI rates among women in a cohort of 66 large metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) in the US spanning 2003–2015. Our annual state-level minimum wage measure was adjusted for inflation and cost of living. STI outcomes (rates of primary and secondary syphilis, gonorrhea and chlamydia per 100,000 women) were obtained from the CDC. We used multivariable hierarchical linear models to test the hypothesis that higher minimum wages would be associated with lower STI rates. We preliminarily explored possible socioeconomic mediators of the minimum wage/STI relationship (e.g., MSA-level rates of poverty, employment, and incarceration). We found that a $1 increase in the price-adjusted minimum wage over time was associated with a 19.7% decrease in syphilis rates among women and with an 8.5% drop in gonorrhea rates among women. The association between minimum wage and chlamydia rates did not meet our cutpoint for substantive significance. Preliminary mediation analyses suggest that MSA-level employment among women may mediate the relationship between minimum wage and gonorrhea. Consistent with an emerging body of research on minimum wage and health, our findings suggest that increasing the minimum wage may have a protective effect on STI rates among women. If other studies support this finding, public health strategies to reduce STIs among women should include advocating for a higher minimum wage.
Uklanjanje korozivnih jedinjenja sumpora iz ulja transformatora Blok 5, 5BT, primenom patentirane tehnologije dehlorinacije, desulfurizacije i regeneracije ulja
Creators: name: Lukić, Jelena
name: Mihajlović, Draginja
name: Janković, Jelena
name: Vasović, Valentina
name: Ivančević, Vladimir
name: Orlović, Aleksandar
name: Glišić, Sandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: korozivni sumpor
dibenzil disulfid (DBDS)
energetski transformator
izolaciono ulje
desulfurizacija
rerafinacija

description: Novim tehničkim rešenjem rešava se problem eksploatacije transformatora sa korozivnim uljem primenom patentirane tehnologije dehlorinacije, desulfurizacije i regeneracije ulja.  Problematika rešavanja korozivog sumpora je na vrhu liste po važnosti, zbog povećanih rizika od pojave kvara tokom eksploatacije ET sa korozivnim uljem, tj. uljem koje sadrži korozivna jedinjenja sumpora. U uslovima povišenih temperatura u transformatoru korozivna jedinjenja sumpora stvaraju sulfide bakra i srebra koji, kao elektro-provodna jedinjenja, ugrožavaju dielektrična svojstva izolacionog sistema i mogu biti incijatori proboja i havarije transformatora. Brošure međunarodnog komiteta CIGRE i Internacionalni standardi (IEC 60296, IEC 60422) daju detaljnu analizu fenomena i mehanizma nastanka bakar (I) sulfida (Cu2S), opis faktora rizika, tehnike mitigacije, preporuke i kriterijume za eksploataciju reciklovanih i rerafinisanih ulja.Ulja koja su imala izražen afinitet da grade sulfide metala, posebno bakar (I) sulfid i bila uzročnik havarija transformatora, su u najvećem broju slučajeva u svom sastavu imala dibenzil disulfid (DBDS), jedinjenje koje ima izraženu reaktivnost za stvaranje bakar (I) sulfida. Rerafinacija ulja selektivnom solventnom ekstrakcijom sa hemijskom konverzijom predstavlja proces kojim se vrši uklanjanje sumpornih, aromatskih i kiseoničnih jedinjenja (oksidovani produkti starenja, karbonilna jedinjenja, kiseline) u procesima „desulfurizacije“ i „deoksigenacije“ iz transformatorskog ulja. Proces je zasnovan na hemijskoj konverzijidegradaciji reaktivnih jedinjenja sumpora, karbonilnih i kiselih produkata starenja primenom kalijum hidroksida dispergovanog u organskom rastvaraču. Ovim postupkom se iz ulja efikasno uklanjaju korozivna jedinjenja sumpora, uključujući i veoma reaktivno i jako zastupljenojedinjenje u transformatorskim uljima, dibenzil disulfid (DBDS). Nakon rerafinacije obrađeno ulje ne sadrži DBDS i nije korozivno, prema metodi SRPS EN 62535:2010.
Photograph published in the Hainan Review of a Tibetan man arrested in the Barkhor Market by the People's Armed Police, Lhasa, 1989
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Human rights
Mass media policy
Tibetans

description: Photograph published in the Hainan Review of a Tibetan man, wearing the traditional 'chupa,' arrested in the Barkhor Market by the People's Armed Police
Dropping diversity of products of large US firms: Models and measures
Creators: name: Nambiar, Ananthan
name: Rubel, Tobias
name: McCaull, James
name: deVries, Jon
name: Bedau, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: It is widely assumed that in our lifetimes the products available in the global economy have become more diverse. This assumption is difficult to investigate directly, however, because it is difficult to collect the necessary data about every product in an economy each year. We solve this problem by mining publicly available textual descriptions of the products of every large US firms each year from 1997 to 2017. Although many aspects of economic productivity have been steadily rising during this period, our text-based measurements show that the diversity of the products of at least large US firms has steadily declined. This downward trend is visible using a variety of product diversity metrics, including some that depend on a measurement of the similarity of the products of every single pair of firms. The current state of the art in comprehensive and detailed firm-similarity measurements is a Boolean word vector model due to Hoberg and Phillips. We measure diversity using firm-similarities from this Boolean model and two more sophisticated variants, and we consistently observe a significant dropping trend in product diversity. These results make it possible to frame and start to test specific hypotheses for explaining the dropping product diversity trend.
The burden of HIV among female sex workers, men who have sex with men and transgender women in Haiti: results from the 2016 Priorities for Local AIDS Control Efforts (PLACE) study
Creators: name: Zalla, L.C.
name: Michel, J.
name: Edwards, J.K.
name: Herce, M.E.
name: Weir, S.S.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc.
Year: 2019

description: Introduction: Despite the higher risk of HIV among female sex workers (FSWs), men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW), these populations are under-represented in the literature on HIV in Haiti. Here, we present the first nationally representative estimates of HIV prevalence and the first care and treatment cascade for FSWs, MSM and TGW in Haiti. We also examine the social determinants of HIV prevalence in these groups and estimate FSW and MSM population size in Haiti. Methods: Data were collected between April 2016 and February 2017 throughout the 10 geographical departments of Haiti. The Priorities for Local AIDS Control Efforts (PLACE) method was used to: (1) recruit participants for a behavioural survey; (2) provide rapid testing, counselling and linkage to care for syphilis and HIV; and (3) measure viral load using dried blood spots for participants testing HIV positive. Results: Study participants included 990 FSWs, 520 MSM and 109 TGW. HIV prevalence was estimated at 7.7% (95% CI 6.2%, 9.6%) among FSWs, 2.2% (0.9%, 5.3%) among MSM and 27.6% (5.0%, 73.5%) among TGW. Of participants who tested positive for syphilis, 17% of FSWs, 19% of MSM and 74% of TGW were co-infected with HIV. Economic instability and intimate partner violence (IPV) were significantly associated with HIV among MSM; food insecurity, economic instability and history of rape were significantly associated with HIV among TGW. Fewer than one-third of participants living with HIV knew their status, and more than a quarter of those who knew their status were not on treatment. While approximately four in five FSW and MSM participants on treatment for HIV were virally suppressed, viral suppression was less common among TGW participants at only 46%. Conclusions: This study demonstrates a need for targeted interventions to prevent and treat HIV among key populations in Haiti. Potential high-impact interventions may include venue-based, peer navigator-led outreach and testing for HIV and syphilis and improving screening and case management for structural violence and IPV. TGW are in urgent need of such interventions due to our observations of alarmingly high HIV prevalence and low frequency of HIV viral suppression among TGW.
Integrated information storage and transfer with a coherent magnetic device
Creators: name: Jia, Ning
name: Banchi, Leonardo
name: Bayat, Abolfazl
name: Dong, Guangjiong
name: Bose, Sougato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum systems are inherently dissipation-less, making them excellent candidates even for classical information processing. We propose to use an array of large-spin quantum magnets for realizing a device which has two modes of operation: memory and data-bus. While the weakly interacting low-energy levels are used as memory to store classical information (bits), the high-energy levels strongly interact with neighboring magnets and mediate the spatial movement of information through quantum dynamics. Despite the fact that memory and data-bus require different features, which are usually prerogative of different physical systems -- well isolation for the memory cells, and strong interactions for the transmission -- our proposal avoids the notorious complexity of hybrid structures. The proposed mechanism can be realized with different setups. We specifically show that molecular magnets, as the most promising technology, can implement hundreds of operations within their coherence time, while adatoms on surfaces probed by a scanning tunneling microscope is a future possibility.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
A New Lower Bound for the Distinct Distance Constant
Creators: name: Salvia, Raffaele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05B10 (primary), 11Y55 (secondary)

description: The reciprocal sum of Zhang sequence is not equal to the Distinct Distance Constant. This note introduces a $B_2$-sequence with larger reciprocal sum, and provides a more precise estimation of the reciprocal sums of Mian-Chowla sequence and Zhang sequence.
description: 4 pages, 3 ancillary tables
Recycled crumb rubber, glass and fly ash for the fabrication of thin panels via alkali activation in clay tiles
Creators: name: Krishnan, Aswin Kumar
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: This thesis incorporated different percentages of crumb rubber, recycled glass and fly ash into clay roof tiles using alkaline activation. The role of the alkaline activator solutions of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) was to improve microstructure bonding of samples also commonly used in the construction industry. The research aims to develop a low temperature prototype at 50, 60, 100, 110, 150, 160 and 200°C to identify the curing conditions of sample that can yield high compressive strength and make them suitable for the sustainable environment. The potential benefits of using fly ash, crumb rubber, glass and plastics in green buildings could improve material usage and disposal efficiency in Australia. The recycling materials encompass fly ash, crumb rubber, recycled glass and plastics at low temperature curing, an emerging technology in the construction sector.
Plain clothes police firing tear gas at Tibetan demonstrators from roof of Barkor Police Station overlooking the square, Lhasa, 1993
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Demonstrations
Police brutality
Tibetans

description: Photograph of plain clothes police firing tear gas at Tibetan demonstrators gathered in Lhasa's central square from the roof of Barkor Police Station..
The Freezeout Hypersurface at LHC from particle spectra: Flavor and Centrality Dependence
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Sandeep
name: Mohanty, Bedangadas
name: Singh, Ranbir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extract the freezeout hypersurface in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=$ 2760 GeV at the CERN Large Hadron Collider by analysing the data on transverse momentum spectra within a unified model for chemical and kinetic freezeout. The study has been done within two different schemes of freezeout, single freezeout where all the hadrons freezeout together versus double freezeout where those hadrons with non-zero strangeness content have different freezeout parameters compared to the non-strange ones. We demonstrate that the data is better described within the latter scenario. We obtain a strange freezeout hypersurface which is smaller in volume and hotter compared to the non-strange freezeout hypersurface for all centralities with a reduction in $χ^2/N_{df}$ around $40\%$. We observe from the extracted parameters that the ratio of the transverse size to the freezeout proper time is invariant under expansion from the strange to the non-strange freezeout surfaces across all centralities. Moreover, except for the most peripheral bins, the ratio of the non-strange and strange freezeout proper times is close to $1.3$.
description: Final version accepted for publication
Photograph published in the Hainan Review of a detachment of the People's Liberation Army on patrol in Lhasa, 1989
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Militarization of police
Mass media policy
Tibetans

description: Photograph published in the Hainan Review of a detachment of the People's Liberation Army, on patrol in Lhasa.
Non-dispersive one-way signal amplification in sonic metamaterials
Creators: name: Kruss, Noah
name: Paulose, Jayson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parametric amplification -- injecting energy into waves via periodic modulation of system parameters -- is typically restricted to specific multiples of the modulation frequency. However, broadband parametric amplification can be achieved in active metamaterials which allow local parameters to be modulated both in space and in time. Inspired by the concept of luminal metamaterials in optics, we describe a mechanism for one-way amplification of sound waves across an entire frequency band using spacetime-periodic modulation of local stiffnesses in the form of a traveling wave. When the speed of the modulation wave approaches that of the speed of sound in the metamaterial -- a regime called the sonic limit -- nearly all modes in the forward-propagating acoustic band are amplified, whereas no amplification occurs in the reverse-propagating band. To eliminate divergences that are inherent to the sonic limit in continuum materials, we use an exact Floquet-Bloch approach to compute the dynamic excitation bands of discrete periodic systems. We find wide ranges of parameters for which the amplification is nearly uniform across the lowest-frequency band, enabling amplification of wavepackets while preserving their speed, shape, and spectral content. Our mechanism provides a route to designing acoustic metamaterials which can propagate wave pulses without losses or distortion across a wide range of frequencies.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures; v2: compressed images for faster rendering
Photograph published in the Hainan Review of an unidentified Tibetan nun in custody after demonstration in Lhasa, 1989
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Human rights
Mass media policy
Tibetans

description: Photograph published in the Hainan Review of an unidentified Tibetan nun in custody being questioned by police or investigator after demonstration in Lhasa.
On regularizations of the delta distribution
Creators: name: Hosseini, Bamdad
name: Nigam, Nilima
name: Stockie, John M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 41A10, 41A65, 46E35, 46T30, 65N30

description: In this article we consider regularizations of the Dirac delta distribution with applications to prototypical elliptic and hyperbolic partial differential equations (PDEs). We study the convergence of a sequence of distributions $\mathcal{S}_H$ to a singular term $\mathcal{S}$ as a parameter $H$ (associated with the {support size} of $\mathcal{S}_H$) shrinks to zero. We characterize this convergence in both the weak-$\ast$ topology of distributions, as well as in a weighted Sobolev norm. These notions motivate a framework for constructing regularizations of the delta distribution that includes a large class of existing methods in the literature. This framework allows different regularizations to be compared. The convergence of solutions of PDEs with these regularized source terms is then studied in various topologies such as pointwise convergence on a deleted neighborhood and weighted Sobolev norms. We also examine the lack of symmetry in tensor product regularizations and effects of dissipative error in hyperbolic problems.
Intermediate states in Andreev bound state fusion
Creators: name: Jünger, C.
name: Lehmann, S.
name: Dick, K. A.
name: Thelander, C.
name: Schönenberger, C.
name: Baumgartner, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hybridization is a very fundamental quantum mechanical phenomenon, with the text book example of binding two hydrogen atoms in a hydrogen molecule. In semiconductor physics, a quantum dot (QD) can be considered as an artificial atom, with two coupled QDs forming a molecular state, and two electrons on a single QD the equivalent of a helium atom. Here we report tunnel spectroscopy experiments illustrating the hybridization of another type of discrete quantum states, namely of superconducting subgap states that form in segments of a semiconducting nanowire in contact with superconducting reservoirs. We show and explain a collection of intermediate states found in the process of merging individual bound states, hybridizing with a central QD and eventually coherently linking the reservoirs. These results may serve as a guide in future Majorana fusion experiments and explain a large variety of recent bound state experiments.
Creation of particles in a cyclic universe driven by loop quantum cosmology
Creators: name: Tavakoli, Yaser
name: Fabris, Julio C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an isotropic and homogeneous universe in loop quantum cosmology. We assume that the matter content of the universe is dominated by dust matter in early time and a phantom matter at late time which constitutes the dark energy component. The quantum gravity modifications to the Friedmann equation in this model indicate that the classical big bang singularity and the future big rip singularity are resolved and are replaced by quantum bounce. It turns out that the big bounce and recollapse in the herein model contribute to a cyclic scenario for the universe. We then study the quantum theory of a massive, non-minimally coupled scalar field undergoing cosmological evolution from primordial bounce towards the late time bounce. In particular, we solve the Klein-Gordon equation for the scalar field in the primordial and late time regions, in order to investigate particle production phenomena at late time. By computing the energy density of created particles at late time, we show that this density is negligible in comparison to the quantum background density at Planck era. This indicates that the effects of quantum particle production do not influence the future bounce.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
The HIV care continuum among resident and non-resident populations found in venues in East Africa cross-border areas
Creators: name: Edwards, J.K.
name: Orikiiriza, J.T.
name: Ssengooba, F.
name: Arimi, P.
name: Bukusi, E.A.
name: Markiewicz, M.
name: Mulholland, G.
name: Virkud, A.
name: Weir, S.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc.
Year: 2019

description: Introduction: HIV care and treatment in cross-border areas in East Africa face challenges perhaps not seen to the same extent in other geographic areas, particularly for mobile and migrant populations. Here, we estimate the proportion of people with HIV found in these cross-border areas in each stage of the HIV care and treatment cascade, including the proportion who knows their status, the proportion on treatment and the proportion virally suppressed. Methods: Participants (n = 11,410) working or socializing in public places in selected East Africa cross border areas were recruited between June 2016 and February 2017 using the Priorities for Local AIDS Control Efforts method and administered a behavioural survey and rapid HIV test. This approach was designed to recruit a stratified random sample of people found in public spaces or venues in each cross border area. For participants testing positive for HIV, viral load was measured from dried blood spots. The proportion in each step of the cascade was estimated using inverse probability weights to account for the sampling design and informative HIV test refusals. Estimates are reported separately for residents of the cross border areas and non-residents found in those areas. Results: Overall, 43% of participants with HIV found in cross-border areas knew their status, 87% of those participants were on antiretroviral therapy (ART), and 80% of participants on ART were virally suppressed. About 20% of people with HIV found in cross border areas were sampled outside their subdistrict or subcounty of residence. While both resident and non-resident individuals who knew their status were likely to be on ART (85% and 96% respectively), people on ART recruited outside their area of residence were less likely to be suppressed (64% suppressed; 95% CI: 43, 81) compared to residents (84% suppressed; 95% CI: 75, 93). Conclusions: People living in or travelling through cross-border areas may face barriers in learning their HIV status. Moreover, while non-residents were more likely to be on treatment than residents, they were less likely to be suppressed, suggesting gaps in continuity of care for people in East Africa travelling outside their area of residence despite timely initiation of treatment.
Parameter Estimation Procedures for Exponential-Family Random Graph Models on Count-Valued Networks: A Comparative Simulation Study
Creators: name: Huang, Peng
name: Butts, Carter T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The exponential-family random graph models (ERGMs) have emerged as an important framework for modeling social networks for a wide variety of relational types. ERGMs for valued networks are less well-developed than their unvalued counterparts, and pose particular computational challenges. Network data with edge values on the non-negative integers (count-valued networks) is an important such case, with examples ranging from the magnitude of migration and trade flows between places to the frequency of interactions and encounters between individuals. Here, we propose an efficient parallelable subsampled maximum pseudo-likelihood estimation (MPLE) scheme for count-valued ERGMs, and compare its performance with existing Contrastive Divergence (CD) and Monte Carlo Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MCMLE) approaches via a simulation study based on migration flow networks in two U.S. states. Our results suggest that edge value variance is a key factor in method performance, while network size mainly influences their relative merits in computational time. For small-variance networks, all methods perform well in point estimations while CD greatly overestimates uncertainties, and MPLE underestimates them for dependence terms; all methods have fast estimation for small networks, but CD and subsampled multi-core MPLE provides speed advantages as network size increases. For large-variance networks, both MPLE and MCMLE offer high-quality estimates of coefficients and their uncertainty, but MPLE is significantly faster than MCMLE; MPLE is also a better seeding method for MCMLE than CD, as the latter makes MCMLE more prone to convergence failure.
description: Final accepted version
Energy magnetization and transport in systems with a non-zero Berry curvature in a magnetic field
Creators: name: Panigrahi, Archisman
name: Mukerjee, Subroto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the well-known expression for the charge magnetization of a sample with a non-zero Berry curvature can be obtained by demanding that the Einstein relation holds for the electric transport current. We extend this formalism to the transport energy current and show that the energy magnetization must satisfy a particular condition. We provide a physical interpretation of this condition, and relate the energy magnetization to circulating energy currents in Chern insulators due to chiral edge states. We further recover the expression for the energy magnetization with this alternative formalism. We also solve the Boltzmann Transport Equation for the non-equilibrium distribution function in 2D for systems with a non-zero Berry curvature in a magnetic field. This distribution function can be used to obtain the regular Hall response in time-reversal invariant samples with a non-zero Berry curvature, for which there is no anomalous Hall response.
description: 22 pages, 2 figures
Pharmacological potential of Euphorbia tirucalliL. latex in gastric adenocarcinoma: from an ethnopharmacological perspective into new products
Creators: name: de Souza, Larissa Silva
name: Tosta, Cristina Luz
name: Lemos, Bárbara Costa
name: Westphal, Regina
name: de Souza Pina, Jorge Welton
name: de Oliveira Borlot, Jéssica Rodrigues Pereira
name: Fiorot, Rodolfo Goetze
name: de Cândido Gomes, Anne Caroline
name: Kitagawa, Rodrigo Rezende
name: Greco, Sandro José
name: Filgueiras, Paulo Roberto
name: Kuster, Ricardo Machado
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Products derived from the latex of Euphorbia tirucalli were obtained through hydrolysis and column chromatography, resulting in products rich in triterpenes, ingenol 3-esters (I3E), and other derivatives from hydrolysed latex. These products underwent evaluation for their cytotoxic activity against gastric adenocarcinoma cells (AGS). Triterpene derivatives were synthesised, and the selectivity of each product was assessed. The results were compared with the previously described crude latex. Triterpenes and I3E were analysed in silico for their affinity with the active site of PKCδC1b. The hydrolysed latex (free of I3E) exhibited high cytotoxicity, albeit with reduced selectivity. Triterpenes and acetylated triterpenes were more cytotoxic than I3E, although the latter showed greater selectivity. Euphol benzoates and cinnamates showed no cytotoxicity. I3E demonstrated high affinity for the PKCδC1b. In summary, triterpenes exhibited higher cytotoxicity against AGS cells, while I3E displayed greater selectivity. Hydrolysed latex shows promise as a potential candidate for future gastric cancer treatment.
Boundary Terms for Causal Sets
Creators: name: Buck, Michel
name: Dowker, Fay
name: Jubb, Ian
name: Surya, Sumati
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a family of boundary terms for the action of a causal set with a spacelike boundary. We show that in the continuum limit one recovers the Gibbons-Hawking-York boundary term in the mean. We also calculate the continuum limit of the mean causal set action for an Alexandrov interval in flat spacetime. We find that it is equal to the volume of the codimension-2 intersection of the two light-cone boundaries of the interval.
Eliminating the wavefunction from quantum dynamics: the bi-Hamilton-Jacobi theory, trajectories and time reversal
Creators: name: Holland, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observe that the Schrodinger equation may be written as two real coupled Hamilton-Jacobi (HJ)-like equations, each involving a quantum potential. Developing our established programme of representing the quantum state through exact free-standing deterministic trajectory models, it is shown how quantum evolution may be treated as the autonomous propagation of two coupled congruences. The wavefunction at a point is derived from two action functions, each generated by a single trajectory. The model shows that conservation as expressed through a continuity equation is not a necessary component of a trajectory theory of state. Probability is determined by the difference in the action functions, not by the congruence densities. The theory also illustrates how time-reversal symmetry may be implemented through the collective behaviour of elements that individually disobey the conventional transformation (T) of displacement (scalar) and velocity (reversal). We prove that an integral curve of the linear superposition of two vectors can be derived algebraically from the integral curves of one of the constituent vectors labelled by integral curves associated with the other constituent. A corollary establishes relations between displacement functions in diverse trajectory models, including where the functions obey different symmetry transformations. This is illustrated by showing that a (T-obeying) de Broglie-Bohm trajectory is a sequence of points on the (non-T) HJ trajectories, and vice versa.
description: Improvements to clarity
Photograph published in unknown Chinese magazine of People's Liberation Army tanks on parade in a park at the back of the Potala Palace, marking the beginning of the period of Martial Law in Lhasa, 1989
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Militarization of police
Human rights
Tibetans

description: Photograph published in unknown Chinese magazine of People's Liberation Army tanks on parade in a park at the back of the Potala Palace, marking the beginning of the period of Martial Law in Lhasa.
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF BLENDED AND ONLINE LEARNING
Creators: name: Kosimova, Dilobar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The rapid advancement of technology and the necessity for flexible learning environments have catalyzed the implementation of blended and online learning frameworks within educational institutions. This paper explores the methods and effectiveness of blended and online learning, analyzing how these models enhance educational experiences, improve access to resources, and facilitate personalized learning. Drawing on research data from various educational settings, we evaluate the successes and challenges associated with these models and propose guidelines for effective implementation. The findings underscore that while blended and online learning can significantly improve student engagement and outcomes when designed thoughtfully, continuous support and professional development for educators remain critical.
Exploring Feature Representation Learning for Semi-supervised Medical Image Segmentation
Creators: name: Wu, Huimin
name: Li, Xiaomeng
name: Cheng, Kwang-Ting
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a simple yet effective two-stage framework for semi-supervised medical image segmentation. Unlike prior state-of-the-art semi-supervised segmentation methods that predominantly rely on pseudo supervision directly on predictions, such as consistency regularization and pseudo labeling, our key insight is to explore the feature representation learning with labeled and unlabeled (i.e., pseudo labeled) images to regularize a more compact and better-separated feature space, which paves the way for low-density decision boundary learning and therefore enhances the segmentation performance. A stage-adaptive contrastive learning method is proposed, containing a boundary-aware contrastive loss that takes advantage of the labeled images in the first stage, as well as a prototype-aware contrastive loss to optimize both labeled and pseudo labeled images in the second stage. To obtain more accurate prototype estimation, which plays a critical role in prototype-aware contrastive learning, we present an aleatoric uncertainty-aware method, namely AUA, to generate higher-quality pseudo labels. AUA adaptively regularizes prediction consistency by taking advantage of image ambiguity, which, given its significance, is under-explored by existing works. Our method achieves the best results on three public medical image segmentation benchmarks.
description: Accepted by TNNLS (IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems). Code available at: https://github.com/Huiimin5/AUA
Localization Study of a Regularized Variational Damage Model
Creators: name: Jirásek, Milan
name: Zeman, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper presents a detailed analysis and extended formulation of a rate-independent regularized damage model proposed by Mielke and Roubíček (2006). Localization properties are studied in the context of a simple one-dimensional problem, but the results reveal the fundamental features of the basic model and of its modified versions. The initial bifurcation from a uniform solution is described analytically while the complete failure process is studied numerically. Modifications of the regularizing term and of the dissipation distance are introduced and their effect on the global response is investigated. It is shown that, with a proper combination of model parameters, a realistic shape of the load-displacement diagram can be achieved and pathological effects such as extremely brittle response or expansion of the damage zone accompanied by stress locking can be eliminated.
description: 48 pages, 26 figures; v2: moderate revision after the first round of reviews
Constructing lattice surfaces with prescribed Veech groups: an algorithm
Creators: name: Sanderson, Slade
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37F34 (Primary) 30F60, 32G15 (Secondary)

description: The Veech group of a translation surface is the group of Jacobians of orientation-preserving affine automorphisms of the surface. We present an algorithm which constructs all translation surfaces with a given lattice Veech group in any given stratum. In developing this algorithm, we give a new proof of a finiteness result of Smillie and Weiss, namely that there are only finitely many unit-area translation surfaces in any stratum with the same lattice Veech group. Our methods can be applied to obtain obstructions of lattices being realized as Veech groups in certain strata; in particular, we show that the square torus is the only translation surface in any minimal stratum whose Veech group is all of $\mathrm{SL}_2\mathbb{Z}$.
description: Final version; appears in Geometriae Dedicata
Noncommutative Nullstellensätze and Perfect Games
Creators: name: Watts, Adam Bene
name: Helton, John William
name: Klep, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The foundations of classical Algebraic Geometry and Real Algebraic Geometry are the Nullstellensatz and Positivstellensatz. Over the last two decades the basic analogous theorems for matrix and operator theory (noncommutative variables) have emerged. This paper concerns commuting operator strategies for nonlocal games, recalls NC Nullstellensatz which are helpful, extends these, and applies them to a very broad collection of games. In the process it brings together results spread over different literatures, hence rather than being terse, our style is fairly expository. The main results of this paper are two characterizations, based on Nullstellensatz, which apply to games with perfect commuting operator strategies. The first applies to all games and reduces the question of whether or not a game has a perfect commuting operator strategy to a question involving left ideals and sums of squares. Previously, Paulsen and others translated the study of perfect synchronous games to problems entirely involving a $*$-algebra.The characterization we present is analogous, but works for all games. The second characterization is based on a new Nullstellensatz we derive in this paper. It applies to a class of games we call torically determined games, special cases of which are XOR and linear system games. For these games we show the question of whether or not a game has a perfect commuting operator strategy reduces to instances of the subgroup membership problem and, for linear systems games, we further show this subgroup membership characterization is equivalent to the standard characterization of perfect commuting operator strategies in terms of solution groups. Both the general and torically determined games characterizations are amenable to computer algebra techniques, which we also develop.
description: 58 pages
Υγεία και Ασφάλεια του Προσωπικού Έκτακτης Ανάγκης σε μια Καταστροφή Μεγάλης Κλίμακας,Πανελλήνιο Συνέδριο "Υγεία και Ασφάλεια στην Εργασία & Πολιτική Προστασία", Αθήνα 14-15 Οκτωβρίου 2016
Creators: name: Καραμάνου, Ασπασία
name: Ιωάννα Τσούπρα
name: Ευστράτιος Δαβάκης
name: Σπυρίδων Μακρής
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 40604 Natural Hazards
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 130205 Humanities and Social Sciences Curriculum and Pedagogy (excl. Economics, Business and Management)
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 50205 Environmental Management
subject: 150305 Human Resources Management
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Ένα χαρακτηριστικό αυτών
των μεγάλων, σπάνιων, και δυναμικών εκδηλώσεων των καταστροφών, είναι η ταχέως εξελισσόμενη
πολυπλοκότητα που αντιμετωπίζουν τα άτομα που προσπαθούν να διαχειριστούν
αποτελεσματικά όλες τις οργανώσεις, τους ανθρώπους, τις δραστηριότητες και τα
καθήκοντα, τον εξοπλισμό και τις προμήθειες, τις επικοινωνίες καθώς και την
ασφάλεια και την υγεία όλων των εμπλεκομένων.

Η παρουσίαση
επικεντρώνεται στο σχεδιασμό ετοιμότητας των καταστροφών μεγάλης κλίμακας παρέχοντας
μια σειρά βιβλιογραφικών συστάσεων, σχετικά με το πώς θα μπορούσε να βελτιωθεί
η διαχείριση της υγείας και ασφάλειας του προσωπικού έκτακτης ανάγκης στον τόπο
της καταστροφής. Το θέμα αυτό έχει επισημανθεί από πολλούς ειδικούς και
αποτελεί ζήτημα αυξημένης προτεραιότητας, λαμβάνοντας υπόψη ότι οι εργαζόμενοι
εκτίθεται σε όλο και περισσότερους και σοβαρότερους κινδύνους καθώς έρχονται
αντιμέτωποι με τα καταστροφικά γεγονότα μεγαλύτερα τόσο σε αριθμό όσο και των
επιπτώσεών τους.
Association of History of Injection Drug Use with External Cause-Related Mortality Among Persons Linked to HIV Care in an Urban Clinic, 2001–2015
Creators: name: Lesko, C.R.
name: Moore, R.D.
name: Edwards, J.K.
name: Lau, B.
name: Chander, G.
name: Singh, K.
Publisher: name: Springer New York LLC
Year: 2019

description: High mortality rates among persons with HIV with a history of injection drug use (PWID) are thought to be driven in part by higher rates of external cause-related mortality. We followed 4796 persons aged 18–70 engaged in continuity HIV care from 2001 to 2015 until death or administrative censoring. We compared cause-specific (csHR) and subdistribution hazards (sdHR) of death due to external causes among PWID and persons who acquired their HIV infection through other routes (non-IDU). We standardized estimates on age, sex, race, and HIV-related health status. The standardized csHR for external cause-related death was 3.57 (95% CI 2.39, 5.33), and the sdHR was 3.14 (95% CI 2.16, 4.55). The majority of external cause-related deaths were overdose-related and standardized sdHR was 4.02 (95% CI 2.40, 6.72). Absolute rate of suicide was low but the csHR for PWID compared to non-IDU was most elevated for suicide (6.50, 95% CI 1.51, 28.03). HIV-infected PWID are at a disproportionately increased risk of death due to external causes, particularly overdose and suicide.
THE EFFECTS OF SOCIAL AND EMOTIONAL LEARNING ON STUDENT WELL-BEING
Creators: name: Kosimova, Dilobar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Social and Emotional Learning (SEL) is an educational strategy aimed at fostering the social and emotional skills of students. This paper explores the impact of SEL on student well-being, encompassing emotional regulation, relationship-building, and decision-making abilities. Through a comprehensive review of literature and the presentation of a case study involving middle school students, we examine the positive correlation between SEL interventions and improved student mental health, academic performance, and interpersonal skills. Findings demonstrate that SEL not only enhances individual student well-being but also contributes to a healthier school climate overall.
Parity Problem of the Scotogenic Neutrino Model
Creators: name: Merle, Alexander
name: Platscher, Moritz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that Ma's scotogenic model, which is arguably one of the simplest settings containing a Dark Matter candidate and generating a naturally suppressed active neutrino mass at 1-loop level, suffers from a potentially severe hierarchy-type problem. In case the right-handed neutrinos involved have sufficiently large masses, they can via loop effects drive the mass parameter of the inert scalar contained in the model towards negative values. This behaviour leads to a breaking of the $\mathbb{Z}_2$ parity symmetry built into the model which is paramount to keeping the setting consistent at low energies - without it the model would lose its Dark Matter candidate and the neutrino mass would not be naturally suppressed. Thus, if the breaking occurs at a sufficiently low scale, it could potentially spoil the success of the whole model. Trying to avoid this consistency problem leads to a new constraint on the model parameter space which has not yet been described in the literature.
description: 24 pages, 6 figures; v3: added section "Discussion & Outlook", content matches published version