cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Chemical evolution of ultra-faint dwarf galaxies in the self-consistently calculated IGIMF theory
Creators: name: Yan, Zhiqiang
name: Jerabkova, Tereza
name: Kroupa, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The galaxy-wide stellar initial mass function (gwIMF) of a galaxy in dependence of its metallicity and star formation rate (SFR) can be calculated by the integrated galactic IMF (IGIMF) theory. Lacchin et al. (2019) apply the IGIMF theory for the first time to study the chemical evolution of the ultra-faint dwarf (UFD) satellite galaxies and failed to reproduce the data. Here, we find that the IGIMF theory is naturally consistent with the data. We apply the time-evolving gwIMF calculated at each timestep. The number of type Ia supernova explosions per unit stellar mass formed is renormalised according to the gwIMF. The chemical evolution of Boötes I, one of the best observed UFD, is calculated. Our calculation suggests a mildly bottom-light and top-light gwIMF for Boötes I, and that this UFD has the same gas-consumption timescale as other dwarfs but was quenched about 0.1 Gyr after formation, being consistent with independent estimations and similar to Dragonfly 44. The recovered best fitting input parameters in this work are not covered in the work of Lacchin et al. (2019), creating the discrepancy between our conclusions. In addition, a detailed discussion of uncertainties is presented addressing how the results of chemical evolution models depend on applied assumptions. This study demonstrates the power of the IGIMF theory in understanding the star-formation in extreme environments and shows that UDFs are a promising pathway to constrain the variation of the low-mass stellar IMF.
description: 17 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Physical regimes for feedback in galaxy formation
Creators: name: Monaco, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new (semi-)analytic model for feedback in galaxy formation. The ISM is modeled as a two-phase medium in pressure equilibrium. The remnants of exploding type II SNe percolate into super-bubbles (SBs) that sweep the ISM, heating the hot phase (if the SB is adiabatic) or cooling it (in the snowplow stage, when the interior gas of the SB has cooled). The resulting feedback regimes occur in well-defined regions of the space defined by vertical scale-length and surface density of the structure. When SBs blow out in the adiabatic regime, the efficiency of SNe in heating the ISM is ~5 per cent, with \~80 per cent of the energy budget injected into the external halo, and the outcoming ISM is self-regulated to a state similar to that found in the Milky Way. Feedback is most efficient when SBs are pressure-confined in the adiabatic regime. In some significant regions of the parameter space confinement takes place in the snowplow stage; then the hot phase has a lower temperature and star formation is quicker. In some critical cases, the hot phase is strongly depleted and the cold phase percolates the whole volume, giving rise to a sudden burst of star formation. Strong galactic winds are predicted to happen only in critical cases. This model provides a starting point for constructing a realistic grid of feedback solutions to be used in galaxy formation codes. The predictive power of this model extends to many properties of the ISM, so that most parameters can be constrained by reproducing the main properties of the Milky Way. (Abridged)
description: 27 pages, 10 postscript figures included, uses mn2e (included). In press on MNRAS
Thermodynamic properties of ideal Bose gas trapped in different external power-law potentials under generalized uncertainty principle*
Creators: name: Wang, Ya-ting
name: Li, He-ling
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Significant evidence is available to support the quantum effects of gravity that leads to the generalized uncertainty principle (GUP) and the minimum observable length. Usually quantum mechanics, statistical physics doesn't take gravity into account. Thermodynamic properties of ideal Bose gases in different external power-law potentials are studied under GUP with statistical physical method. Critical temperature, internal energy, heat capacity, entropy, particles number of ground state and excited state are calculated analytically to ideal Bose gases in the external potentials under GUP. Below the critical temperature, taking rubidium and sodium atoms ideal Bose gases whose particle densities are under standard and experimental conditions, respectively, as examples, the relations of internal energy, heat capacity and entropy with temperature are analyzed numerically. Theoretical and numerical calculations show that: GUP leads to an increase in the critical temperature. When the temperature is lower than the critical temperature and slightly higher than zero Kelvin, GUP's amendments to internal energy, heat capacity and entropy are positive; As the temperature increases to a certain value, these amendments become negative. The external potentials can increase or decrease the influence of GUP on thermodynamic properties. Under the initial experimental conditions when Bose-Einstein condensation was first verified by sodium atomic gas, the influence of GUP can be completely ignored. Under certain conditions, GUP may become the dominant factor governing the thermodynamic properties of the system.
"TO HANUZ SAQLAB KELUR BOBUR, MUQIMIY SHONINI"
Creators: name: Mashrabboyev, Tohirjon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Maqolada oltiariqlik ijodkorlarning mumtoz adabiyot an’analariga munosabati, izdoshlik masalalari yoritilgan, shuningdek muxammas janrida ijodkorlarning mahorati, mavzu va g’oyalari tahlil qilingan.
NEW TECHNOLOGY AND PERSPECTIVES IN THE INFORMATION AGE
Creators: name: Harsh, Stephen B.
name: Harsh, Stephen B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1984
Subjects: Farm Management
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Risk and Uncertainty

description: This paper will examine selected current and projected future technologies as they relate to information processing and distribution. The examination is not exhaustive and has as its focal point the agricultural community in general and more specifically animal health· issues. This paper will first review some basic concepts as they relate to information processing and the utilization of information by decision makers. The paper will then examine the various components of an information system and attempt to identify the likely future trends as they relate to these various components.
description: From the NORTH CENTRAL DAIRY HEALTH MANAGEMENT DATABASE WORKSHOP MARCH 26 - 28, 1984 ITASCA, ILLINOIS
Screening and antiscreening in anisotropic QED and QCD plasmas
Creators: name: Birse, Michael C.
name: Kao, Chung-Wen
name: Nayak, Gouranga C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a transport-theory approach to construct the static propagator of a gauge boson in a plasma with a general axially- and reflection-symmetric momentum distribution. Non-zero magnetic screening is found if the distribution is anisotropic, confirming the results of a closed-time-path-integral approach. We find that the electric and magnetic screening effects depend on both the orientation of the momentum carried by the boson and the orientation of its polarization. In some orientations there can be antiscreening, reflecting the instabilities of such a medium. We present some fairly general conditions on the dependence of these effects on the anisotropy.
description: 14 pages latex
Pulse-driven quantum dynamics beyond the impulsive regime
Creators: name: Daems, D.
name: Guérin, S.
name: Jauslin, H. R.
name: Keller, A.
name: Atabek, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review various unitary time-dependent perturbation theories and compare them formally and numerically. We show that the Kolmogorov-Arnold-Moser technique performs better owing to both the superexponential character of correction terms and the possibility to optimize the accuracy of a given level of approximation which is explored in details here. As an illustration, we consider a two-level system driven by short pulses beyond the sudden limit.
description: 15 pages, 5 color figures
The unusual behaviour of the young X-ray pulsar SXP 1062 during the 2019 outburst
Creators: name: Tsygankov, Sergey S.
name: Doroshenko, Victor
name: Mushtukov, Alexander A.
name: Haberl, Frank
name: Vasilopoulos, Georgios
name: Maitra, Chandreyee
name: Santangelo, Andrea
name: Lutovinov, Alexander A.
name: Poutanen, Juri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of the first dedicated observation of the young X-ray pulsar SXP 1062 in the broad X-ray energy band obtained during its 2019 outburst with the NuSTAR and XMM-Newton observatories. The analysis of the pulse-phase averaged and phase-resolved spectra in the energy band from 0.5 to 70 keV did not reveal any evidence for the presence of a cyclotron line. The spin period of the pulsar was found to have decreased to 979.48+/-0.06 s implying a ~10% reduction compared to the last measured period during the monitoring campaign conducted about five years ago, and is puzzling considering that the system apparently did not show major outbursts ever since. The switch of the pulsar to the spin-up regime supports the common assumption that torques acting on the accreting neutron star are nearly balanced and thus SXP 1062 likely also spins with a period close to the equilibrium value for this system. The current monitoring of the source revealed also a sharp drop of its soft X-ray flux right after the outburst, which is in drastic contrast to the behaviour during the previous outburst when the pulsar remained observable for years with only a minor flux decrease after the end of the outburst. This unexpected off state of the source lasted for at most 20 days after which SXP 1062 returned to the level observed during previous campaigns. We discuss this and other findings in context of the modern models of accretion onto strongly magnetized neutron stars.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures; accepted for publication in A&A
On String Topology of Three Manifolds
Creators: name: Abbaspour, Hossein
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R19, 57N10, 57N16

description: Let $M$ be a closed, oriented and smooth manifold of dimension $d$. Let $ŁM$ be the space of smooth loops in $M$. Chas and Sullivan introduced loop product, a product of degree $-d$ on the homology of $LM$. In this paper we show how for three manifolds the ``nontriviality'' of the loop product relates to the ``hyperbolicity'' of the underlying manifold. This is an application of the existing powerful tool and results in three dimensional topology such as the prime decomposition, torus decomposition, Seifert theorem, torus theorem.
description: 38 pages, 13 figures
Drawing a Graph in a Hypercube
Creators: name: Wood, David R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A $d$-dimensional hypercube drawing of a graph represents the vertices by distinct points in $\{0,1\}^d$, such that the line-segments representing the edges do not cross. We study lower and upper bounds on the minimum number of dimensions in hypercube drawing of a given graph. This parameter turns out to be related to Sidon sets and antimagic injections.
description: Submitted
Economic Growth of the Agricultural Firm
Creators: name: Baker, C.B.
name: Barry, Peter J.
name: Lee, Warren F.
name: Olson, Carl E.
name: Hochman, Eithan
name: Rausser, Gordon S.
name: Kottke, Marvin W.
name: Baker, C.B.
name: Barry, Peter J.
name: Lee, Warren F.
name: Olson, Carl E.
name: Hochman, Eithan
name: Rausser, Gordon S.
name: Kottke, Marvin W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1977
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Farm Management
Industrial Organization
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: This bulletin summarizes the work of the Western Regional Research Committee on Economic Growth of the Agricultural Firm (W-104, July 1, 1968 to June 30, 1973) and its successor, Western Regional Coordinating Committee on the Economic Growth of the Agricultural Firm (WRCC-16, July 1, 1973 to June 30, 1976).
description: CONTENTS 1. Introduction to Economic Growth of the Agricultural Firm - C. B. Baker 2. Theory and Method in Firm Growth Research - Peter J. Barry 3. The Setting for Firm Growth: Market, Institutional and Legal Issues - Warren F. Lee and Peter J. Barry 4. Strategies for Growth - Peter J. Barry 5. Community Effects of Firm Growth - Carl E. Olson 6. Firm Growth Policies under Different Pollution Abatement, Production, and Financial Structures - Eithan Hochman and Gordon S. Rausser 7. Summary, Implications and Emerging Growth-Related Problems - Marvin W. Kottke References
Relative Alignment between Dense Molecular Cores and Ambient Magnetic Field: The Synergy of Numerical Models and Observations
Creators: name: Chen, Che-Yu
name: Behrens, Erica A.
name: Washington, Jasmin E.
name: Fissel, Laura M.
name: Friesen, Rachel K.
name: Li, Zhi-Yun
name: Pineda, Jaime E.
name: Ginsburg, Adam
name: Kirk, Helen
name: Scibelli, Samantha
name: Alves, Felipe
name: Redaelli, Elena
name: Caselli, Paola
name: Punanova, Anna
name: Di Francesco, James
name: Rosolowsky, Erik
name: Offner, Stella S. R.
name: Martin, Peter G.
name: Chacón-Tanarro, Ana
name: Chen, Hope H. -H.
name: Chen, Michael C. -Y.
name: Keown, Jared
name: Seo, Youngmin
name: Shirley, Yancy
name: Arce, Hector G.
name: Goodman, Alyssa A.
name: Matzner, Christopher D.
name: Myers, Philip C.
name: Singh, Ayushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The role played by magnetic field during star formation is an important topic in astrophysics. We investigate the correlation between the orientation of star-forming cores (as defined by the core major axes) and ambient magnetic field directions in 1) a 3D MHD simulation, 2) synthetic observations generated from the simulation at different viewing angles, and 3) observations of nearby molecular clouds. We find that the results on relative alignment between cores and background magnetic field in synthetic observations slightly disagree with those measured in fully 3D simulation data, which is partly because cores identified in projected 2D maps tend to coexist within filamentary structures, while 3D cores are generally more rounded. In addition, we examine the progression of magnetic field from pc- to core-scale in the simulation, which is consistent with the anisotropic core formation model that gas preferably flow along the magnetic field toward dense cores. When comparing the observed cores identified from the GBT Ammonia Survey (GAS) and Planck polarization-inferred magnetic field orientations, we find that the relative core-field alignment has a regional dependence among different clouds. More specifically, we find that dense cores in the Taurus molecular cloud tend to align perpendicular to the background magnetic field, while those in Perseus and Ophiuchus tend to have random (Perseus) or slightly parallel (Ophiuchus) orientations with respect to the field. We argue that this feature of relative core-field orientation could be used to probe the relative significance of the magnetic field within the cloud.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 2 of Undernutrition among Ethiopian adults living with HIV: a meta-analysis
Creators: name: Alebel, Animut
name: Getiye Dejenu Kibret
name: Pammla Petrucka
name: Cheru Tesema
name: Nurilign Abebe Moges
name: Fasil Wagnew
name: Getnet Asmare
name: Gemechu Kumera
name: Zebenay Workneh Bitew
name: Ketema, Daniel Bekele
name: Tesfahun Tiruneh
name: Mamaru Wubale Melkamu
name: Yitbarek Tenaw Hibstie
name: Belisty Temesgen
name: Setegn Eshetie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Quality score of each study.
OPTIONS IN INCOME SUPPORT FOR THE AGED : A CRITIQUE OF THE TWO-TIER APPROACH
Creators: name: Lerman, Robert
name: Habib, Jack
Publisher: name: University of Wisconsin-Madison
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: Support for the two-tier approach to income maintenance for the aged is becoming increasingly widespread. Two-tier formulas combine an income-conditioned bottom tier with an earnings-related top tier in order to achieve both antipoverty and earnings replacement objectives. This paper first refutes the frequent claim that the two-tier approach is more target-efficient in reaching the poor than is the earnings-related top tier with progressive replacement rates. After showing that both approaches can be equally target-efficient, we compare the effectiveness of the two systems in terms of other goals. We also examine how the tradeoffs among goals in moving from one system to the other depend on the correlation between preretirement earnings and current income of the aged. It is seen that .the higher is the correlation, the less at- tractive is the two-tier approach. The paper concludes by demonstrating that a formula with a low tax on current income and a progressive earn- ings-related benefit schedule can virtually dominate a wide range of two-tier formulas. Support for the two-tier approach to income maintenance for the aged is becoming increasingly widespread. Two-tier formulas combine an income-conditioned bottom tier with an earnings-related top tier in order to achieve both antipoverty and earnings replacement objectives. This paper first refutes the frequent claim that the two-tier approach is more target-efficient in reaching the poor than is the earnings-related top tier with progressive replacement rates. After showing that both approaches can be equally target-efficient, we compare the effectiveness of the two systems in terms of other goals. We also examine how the tradeoffs among goals in moving from one system to the other depend on the correlation between preretirement earnings and current income of the aged. It is seen that .the higher is the correlation, the less at- tractive is the two-tier approach. The paper concludes by demonstrating that a formula with a low tax on current income and a progressive earnings-related benefit schedule can virtually dominate a wide range of two-tier formulas.
On the possibility to search for double beta decay of initially unstable (alpha/beta radioactive) nuclei
Creators: name: Tretyak, V. I.
name: Danevich, F. A.
name: Nagorny, S. S.
name: Zdesenko, Yu. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Possibilities to search for double beta decay of alpha/beta unstable nuclei, many of which have higher energy release than "conventional" (beta stable) double beta decay candidates, are discussed. First experimental half-life limits on double beta decay of radioactive nuclides from U and Th families (trace contaminants of the CaWO_4, CdWO_4 and Gd_2SiO_5 scintillators) were established by reanalyzing the data of low-background measurements in the Solotvina Underground Laboratory with these detectors (1734 h with CaWO_4, 13316 h with CdWO_4, and 13949 h with Gd_2SiO_5 crystals).
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
Time Reversal and Exceptional Points
Creators: name: Harney, H. L.
name: Heiss, W. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Eigenvectors of decaying quantum systems are studied at exceptional points of the Hamiltonian. Special attention is paid to the properties of the system under time reversal symmetry breaking. At the exceptional point the chiral character of the system -- found for time reversal symmetry -- generically persists. It is, however, no longer circular but rather elliptic.
description: submitted for publication
Decadal Variability Survey in MACSJ1149
Creators: name: Costa, John Della
name: Sarajedini, Vicki L.
name: Strolger, Louis-Gregory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a long temporal baseline variability survey in the Frontier Field MACSJ1149. In this study, we identify active galactic nuclei (AGNs) and other transient sources via their variability using over a decade of Hubble Space Telescope (HST) images for thousands of galaxies in the cluster region and detect significant variability in galaxies extending down to an apparent nuclear magnitude of m$_{i}$ $
description: 17 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
OPTIONS IN INCOME SUPPORT FOR THE AGED : A CRITIQUE OF THE TWO-TIER APPROACH
Creators: name: Lerman, Robert
name: Habib, Jack
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Support for the two-tier approach to income maintenance for the aged is becoming increasingly widespread. Two-tier formulas combine an income-conditioned bottom tier with an earnings-related top tier in order to achieve both antipoverty and earnings replacement objectives. This paper first refutes the frequent claim that the two-tier approach is more target-efficient in reaching the poor than is the earnings-related top tier with progressive replacement rates. After showing that both approaches can be equally target-efficient, we compare the effectiveness of the two systems in terms of other goals. We also examine how the tradeoffs among goals in moving from one system to the other depend on the correlation between preretirement earnings and current income of the aged. It is seen that .the higher is the correlation, the less at- tractive is the two-tier approach. The paper concludes by demonstrating that a formula with a low tax on current income and a progressive earn- ings-related benefit schedule can virtually dominate a wide range of two-tier formulas. Support for the two-tier approach to income maintenance for the aged is becoming increasingly widespread. Two-tier formulas combine an income-conditioned bottom tier with an earnings-related top tier in order to achieve both antipoverty and earnings replacement objectives. This paper first refutes the frequent claim that the two-tier approach is more target-efficient in reaching the poor than is the earnings-related top tier with progressive replacement rates. After showing that both approaches can be equally target-efficient, we compare the effectiveness of the two systems in terms of other goals. We also examine how the tradeoffs among goals in moving from one system to the other depend on the correlation between preretirement earnings and current income of the aged. It is seen that .the higher is the correlation, the less at- tractive is the two-tier approach. The paper concludes by demonstrating that a formula with a low tax on current income and a progressive earnings-related benefit schedule can virtually dominate a wide range of two-tier formulas.
title: Landscapes and Geographies of Chilean Exile
Creators: name: Agosín, Marjorie
Publisher: name: Universität Graz
Year: 2021
Subjects: home
belonging
imagined landscape
identity
migration literature

description: Landscapes and Geographies of Chilean Exile will be discussed to highlight their importance for
the mediation of migration in literature. It will provide additional context for the following articles
in this student anthology.
Evidence for Factorization in Three-body $\bar B\to D^{(*)} K^- K^0$ Decays
Creators: name: Chua, Chun-Khiang
name: Hou, George W. S.
name: Shiau, Shiue-Yuan
name: Tsai, Shang-Yuu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by experimental results on $\bar B\to D^{(*)}K^-K^{0}$, we use a factorization approach to study these decays. Two mechanisms concerning kaon pair production arise: current-produced (from vacuum) and transition (from the $B$ meson). The kaon pair in the $\bar B {}^0\to D^{(*)+}K^-K^0$ decays can be produced only by the vector current (current-produced), whose matrix element can be extracted from $e^+e^-\to K\bar K$ processes via isospin relations. The decay rates obtained this way are in good agreement with experiment. The $B^-\to D^{(*)0}K^-K^0$ decays involve both current-produced and transition processes. By using QCD counting rules and the measured $B^-\to D^{(*)0} K^- K^0$ decay rates, the measured decay spectra can be understood.
description: 3 pages, 6 figures. Talk presented at EPS2003 Conference, Aachen, Germany, July 2003
Computer Aided Control System Design for Time Delay Systems using MATLAB
Creators: name: Gumussoy, Suat
name: Gahinet, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Computer Aided Control System Design (CACSD) allows to analyze complex interconnected systems and design controllers achieving challenging control requirements. We extend CACSD to systems with time delays and illustrate the functionality of Control System Toolbox in MATLAB for such systems. We easily define systems in time and frequency domain system representations and build the overall complex system by interconnecting subsystems. We analyze the overall system in time and frequency domains and design PID controllers satisfying design requirements. Various visualization tools are used for analysis and design verification. Our goal is to introduce these functionalities to researchers and engineers and to discuss the open directions in computer algorithms for control system design.
title: An inquiry into role-play as a tool to deal with complex socio-environmental issues and conflict
Creators: name: Colucci-Gray, Laura
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2007

description: This study explores how students understand and deal with a complex, socio-environmental controversial issue, which includes decision-making and conflict. The study consists of a sequence of empirical trials, in which children aged 13-14 engaged in a role-play simulation on intensive prawn farming in India. Two decision-making settings are proposed. First, students in role put forward their views in the context of a Court of Inquiry. Following this initial period of conflict, students are encourage to practice active listening and empathy, to deal with the conflict. Data were collected throughout the study to ascertain students' engagement and participation in the role-play. This included recordings of students' discussions, open-ended questionnaires, researchers' notes and students' own products,which were analysed by qualitative and quantitative means. The results showed that the role-play often engaged the cognitive, social and emotional dimensions of students' learning, which were captured through the analysis of language. Competitive and argumentative approaches as well as cooperative and dialogical interactions were observed. Attention was drawn to the use of tentative and exploratory expressions in dialogue, which were generally respectful of other people's point of view and conveyed awareness of socio-ecological complexity, although more research needs to be carried out to facilitate students' engagement with perspective-taking and emotional awareness. Drawing on the evidence of students' learning, this thesis argues that role-play can be used as methodology for dealing with complex socio-environmental issues. The results illustrate a process of science learning which engages students' own knowledge, values and epistemologies, builds on participatory approaches and is more respectful of multiple perspectives and points of view. This raises questions about the image of science, the ethics of science and technology, the concept of the learner and the role of the teacher. The limitations of the study are discussed, and suggestions for further research point towards the need for further explorations of the area of conflict and inter-subjective processes in pupils' learning. Initial suggestions for curriculum and assessment are given.
Black Rings and the Physical Process Version of the First Law of Thermodynamics
Creators: name: Rogatko, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the problem of physical process version of the first law of black ring thermodynamics in n-dimensional Einstein gravity with additional (p+1)-form field strength and dilaton fields. The first order variations of mass, angular momentum and local charge for black ring was derived. By means of them we prove the physical process version of the first law of thermodynamics for stationary black rings.
description: RevTex, 6 pages, to be published in Phys.Rev.D15
A method to construct refracting profiles
Creators: name: Alamo, N.
name: Criado, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose an original method for determining suitable refracting profiles between two media to solve two related problems: to produce a given wave front from a single point source after refraction at the refracting profile, and to focus a given wave front in a fixed point. These profiles are obtained as envelopes of specific families of Cartesian ovals. We study the singularities of these profiles and give a method to construct them from the data of the associated caustic.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
title: Inchworm sign as a potential imaging biomarker for predicting non-muscle invasive bladder cancer
Creators: name: González Tello, Fernando
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Uroradiology & genital male imaging
subject: Urinary Tract / Bladder
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: We assessed a 70-year-old patient in urology follow-up for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). He was asymptomatic and under treatment with tamsulosin. His prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels were slightly elevated since 2016, last control in October 2020 with a value of 6.73 ng/ml. There were no significant alterations in the digital rectal exam.

description: 70 years, male
Similarity and ergodic theory of positive linear maps
Creators: name: Popescu, Gelu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L07,46L55 (Primary) 47A35, 47A62, 47A63 (Secondary)

description: In this paper we study the operator inequality ϕ(X)\leq X and the operator equation ϕ(X)= X, where ϕis a w^*-continuous positive (resp. completely positive) linear map on B(H). We show that their solutions are in one-to-one correspondence with a class of Poisson transforms on Cuntz-Toeplitz C^*-algebras, if ϕis completely positive. Canonical decompositions, ergodic type theorems, and lifting theorems are obtained and used to provide a complete description of all solutions, when ϕ(I)\leq I. We show that the above-mentioned inequality (resp. equation) and the structure of its solutions have strong implications in connection with representations of Cuntz-Toeplitz C^*-algebras, common invariant subspaces for n-tuples of operators, similarity of positive linear maps, and numerical invariants associated with Hilbert modules over \CF_n^+, the complex free semigroup algebra generated by the free semigroup on n generators.
description: 37 pages, Section 6 slightly improved
BED UCB Human
Creators: name: Godard, Patrice
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This instance of the BED database is focused on Homo sapiens, Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus, Sus scrofa and Danio rerio organisms. It has been built from the following resources:

Ensembl

NCBI

Uniprot

biomaRt

GEOquery

Clarivate Analytics MetaBase

Installation guidelines are provided here.
Disk-Integrated Thermal Properties of Ceres Measured at Millimeter Wavelengths
Creators: name: Li, Jian-Yang
name: Moullet, Arielle
name: Titus, Timothy N.
name: Hsieh, Henry H.
name: Sykes, Mark V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observed Ceres at three epochs in 2015 November and 2017 September and October with ALMA 12-meter array and in 2017 October with the ALMA Compact Array (ACA), all at ~265 GHz continuum (wavelengths of ~1.1 mm) to map the temperatures of Ceres over a full rotation at each epoch. We also used 2017 October ACA observations to search for HCN. The disk-averaged brightness temperature of Ceres is measured to be between 170 K and 180 K during our 2017 observations. The rotational lightcurve of Ceres shows a double peaked shape with an amplitude of about 4%. Our HCN search returns a negative result with an upper limit production rate of ~2$\times$10$^{24}$ molecules s$^{-1}$, assuming globally uniform production and a Haser model. A thermophysical model suggests that Ceres's top layer has higher dielectric absorption than lunar-like materials at a wavelength of 1 mm. However, previous observations showed that the dielectric absorption of Ceres decreases towards longer wavelengths. Such distinct dielectric properties might be related to the hydrated phyllosilicate composition of Ceres and possibly abundant $μ$m-sized grains on its surface. The thermal inertia of Ceres is constrained by our modeling as likely being between 40 and 160 tiu, much higher than previous measurements at infrared wavelengths. Modeling also suggests that Ceres's lightcurve is likely dominated by spatial variations in its physical or compositional properties that cause changes in Ceres's observed thermal properties and dielectric absorption as it rotates.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables
Effects of repeated testing in a pen-and-paper test of selective attention (FAIR-2)
Creators: name: Wühr, Bianca
name: Wühr, Peter
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 150
subject: Visuelle Aufmerksamkeit
subject: Reliabilität
subject: Retest

description: The FAIR-2 (‘Frankfurter Aufmerksamkeitsinventar’) is a pen-and-paper test of visual attention in which participants have to search for targets among distractors. For similar pen-and-paper tests of attention (e.g., d2), the repetition of the test causes large improvements in performance that threaten both its (retest) reliability and validity. We investigated the size and possible sources of practice effects in the FAIR-2 in three experiments. In Experiments 1 and 2, participants were tested twice using the original FAIR-2. We compared how performance changed after 2 weeks (Experiment 1) or 3 months (Experiment 2), when the test was repeated (complete repetition), or when targets and distractors changed their roles (test reversal). For Experiment 3, we used self-constructed versions of the FAIR that allowed for a third neutral condition (complete alternation) without any stimulus overlap between the two tests. The complete repetition condition produced strong performance gains (25–35%) that persisted for 3 months. For the complete-alternation condition, we observed small to moderate improvements, suggesting that stimulus-independent learning had occurred in session 1. Finally, performance did not differ between test reversal and complete alternation, therefore, suggesting that improvements in target processing had caused the large improvements in the complete-repetition condition.
description: Psychological Research;
Additional file 1 of Spinal cord autoregulation using near-infrared spectroscopy under normal, hypovolemic, and post-fluid resuscitation conditions in a swine model: a comparison with cerebral autoregulation
Creators: name: Kurita, Tadayoshi
name: Kawashima, Shingo
name: Morita, Koji
name: Nakajima, Yoshiki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Blood gases and hemodynamic variables during experiments.
Systematic Approaches to Advanced Information Flow Analysis – and Applications to Software Security
Creators: name: Mohr, Martin
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2023
Subjects: Programmabhängigkeitsgraphen
Slicing
Informationsflusskontrolle
Datenflussanalyse
Kontrollflussgraphen
program dependence graphs
slicing
information flow control data-flow analysis
control-flow graphs

description: I report on applications of slicing and program dependence graphs (PDGs) to software security. Moreover, I propose a framework that generalizes both data-flow analysis on control-flow graphs and slicing on PDGs. This framework can be used to systematically derive data-flow-like analyses on PDGs that go beyond slicing. I demonstrate that data-flow analysis can be systematically applied to PDGs and show the practicability of my approach.
Interstellar Hydroxyl Masers in the Galaxy. II. Zeeman Pairs and the Galactic Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Fish, Vincent L.
name: Reid, Mark J.
name: Argon, Alice L.
name: Menten, Karl M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have identified and classified Zeeman pairs in the survey by Argon, Reid, & Menten of massive star-forming regions with 18 cm (2 Pi 3/2, J = 3/2) OH maser emission. We have found a total of more than 100 Zeeman pairs in more than 50 massive star-forming regions. The magnetic field deduced from the Zeeman splitting has allowed us to assign an overall line-of-sight magnetic field direction to many of the massive star-forming regions. Combining these data with other data sets obtained from OH Zeeman splitting, we have looked for correlations of magnetic field directions between star-forming regions scattered throughout the Galaxy. Our data do not support a uniform, Galactic-scale field direction, nor do we find any strong evidence of magnetic field correlations within spiral arms. However, our data suggest that in the Solar neighborhood the magnetic field outside the Solar circle is oriented clockwise as viewed from the North Galactic Pole, while inside the Solar circle it is oriented counterclockwise. This pattern, including the magnetic field reversal near the Sun, is in agreement with results obtained from pulsar rotation measures.
description: 37 pages AASTeX, including 6 figures, to appear in ApJ
Recycling Petrodollars
Creators: name: Lerman, Robert
name: Higgins, Matthew
name: Klitgaard, Thomas
Publisher: name: Current Issues in Economics and Finance
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: In recent years, oil-exporting countries have experienced windfall gains with the rise in the price of oil. A look at how oil exporters “recycle” their revenues reveals that roughly half of the petrodollar windfall has gone to purchase foreign goods, especially from Europe and China, while the remainder has been invested in foreign assets. Although it is difficult to determine where the funds are first invested, the evidence suggests that the bulk are ending up, directly or indirectly, in the United States.
Recycling Petrodollars
Creators: name: Lerman, Robert
name: Higgins, Matthew
name: Klitgaard, Thomas
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: In recent years, oil-exporting countries have experienced windfall gains with the rise in the price of oil. A look at how oil exporters “recycle” their revenues reveals that roughly half of the petrodollar windfall has gone to purchase foreign goods, especially from Europe and China, while the remainder has been invested in foreign assets. Although it is difficult to determine where the funds are first invested, the evidence suggests that the bulk are ending up, directly or indirectly, in the United States.
General theory of constructing potential with bound states in the continuum
Creators: name: Kurino, Mao
name: Takayanagi, Kazuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a general theory of potentials that support bound states at positive energies (bound states in the continuum). On the theoretical side, we prove that, for systems described by nonlocal potentials of the form $V(r,r')$, bound states at positive energies are as common as those at negative energies. At the same time, we show that a local potential of the form $V(r)$ rarely supports a positive energy bound state. On the practical side, we show how to construct a (naturally nonlocal) potential which supports an arbitrary normalizable state at an arbitrary positive energy. We demonstrate our theory with numerical examples both in momentum and coordinate spaces with emphasis on the important role played by nonlocal potentials. Finally, we discuss how to observe bound states at positive energies, and where to search for nonlocal potentials which may support them.
description: 32 pages, 22 figures
Electric-field-controllable high-spin SrRuO3 driven by a solid ionic junction
Creators: name: Lu, Jingdi
name: Si, Liang
name: Yao, Xiefei
name: Tian, Chengfeng
name: Wang, Jing
name: Zhang, Qinghua
name: Lai, Zhengxun
name: Malik, Iftikhar Ahmed
name: Liu, Xin
name: Jiang, Peiheng
name: Zhu, Kejia
name: Shi, Youguo
name: Luo, Zhenlin
name: Gu, Lin
name: Held, Karsten
name: Mi, Wenbo
name: Zhong, Zhicheng
name: Nan, Ce-Wen
name: Zhang, Jinxing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Controlling magnetism and spin structures in strongly correlated systems by using electric field is of fundamental importance but challenging. Here, a high-spin ruthenate phase is achieved via a solid ionic chemical junction at SrRuO3/SrTiO3 interface with distinct formation energies and diffusion barriers of oxygen vacancies, analogue to electronic band alignment in semiconductor heterojunction. Oxygen vacancies trapped within this interfacial SrRuO3 reconstruct Ru-4d electronic structure and orbital occupancy, leading to an enhanced magnetic moment. Furthermore, an interfacial magnetic phase can be switched reversibly by electric-field-rectifying oxygen migration in a solid-state ionic gating device, providing a framework for atomic design of functionalities in strongly correlated oxides using a way of solid chemistry.
title: Spatial and temporal analyses of perfluorooctanoic acid in drinking water for external exposure assessment in the Ruhr metropolitan area, Germany
title: The ‘PerSpat’-Project
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Rathjens, Jonathan
name: Becker, Eva
name: Kolbe, Arthur
name: Ickstadt, Katja
name: Hölzer, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Perfluorooctanoic acid
subject: Drinking water contamination
subject: Temporal GLM regression
subject: River modelling
subject: Two spatial level data
subject: 310

description: Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and related chemicals among the per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances are widely distributed in the environment. Adverse health effects may occur even at low exposure levels. A large-scale contamination of drinking water resources, especially the rivers Möhne and Ruhr, was detected in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, in summer 2006. As a result, concentration data are available from the water supply stations along these rivers and partly from the water network of areas supplied by them. Measurements started after the contamination’s discovery. In addition, there are sparse data from stations in other regions. Further information on the supply structure (river system, station-to-area relations) and expert statements on contamination risks are available. Within the first state-wide environmental-epidemiological study on the general population, these data are temporally and spatially modelled to assign estimated exposure values to the resident population. A generalized linear model with an inverse link offers consistent temporal approaches to model each station’s PFOA data along the river Ruhr and copes with a steeply decreasing temporal data pattern at mainly affected locations. The river’s segments between the main junctions are the most important factor to explain the spatial structure, besides local effects. Deductions from supply stations to areas and, therefore, to the residents’ risk are possible via estimated supply proportions. The resulting potential correlation structure of the supply areas is dominated by the common water supply from the Ruhr. Other areas are often isolated and, therefore, need to be modelled separately. The contamination is homogeneous within most of the areas.
description: Stoch Environ Res Risk Assess;
Relationship Between the EITC and Food Stamp Program Participation Among Households With Children
Creators: name: Lerman, Robert
name: Mikelson, Kelly S.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The Federal Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) and the Food Stamp Program (FSP) are the largest means-tested transfer programs for low-income, working parents in the United States. This study examines how these two programs interact, particularly with regard to the impact of the EITC on participation in the FSP during the latter half of the 1990s. Although EITC payments do not reduce the potential size of a household’s food stamp allotment under FSP rules, they do add to a household’s resources and thus could affect a household’s willingness to participate in the FSP. The paper tests this hypothesis with monthly data from the Survey of Income and Program Participation for 1996 through 1999. Although the findings are mixed, they provide evidence of negative impact of EITC on FSP participation.
On variance estimation under shifts in the mean
Creators: name: Axt, Ieva
name: Fried, Roland
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Blockwise estimation
subject: Change-point
subject: Trimmed mean
subject: 310

description: In many situations, it is crucial to estimate the variance properly. Ordinary variance estimators perform poorly in the presence of shifts in the mean. We investigate an approach based on non-overlapping blocks, which yields good results in change-point scenarios. We show the strong consistency and the asymptotic normality of such blocks-estimators of the variance under independence. Weak consistency is shown for short-range dependent strictly stationary data. We provide recommendations on the appropriate choice of the block size and compare this blocks-approach with difference-based estimators. If level shifts occur frequently and are rather large, the best results can be obtained by adaptive trimming of the blocks.
description: AStA Adv Stat Anal;104