cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Constraints on Metastable Dark Energy Decaying into Dark Matter
Creators: name: de Souza, J. S. T.
name: Vicente, G. S.
name: Graef, L. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the proposal that an energy transfer from dark energy into dark matter can be described in field theory by a first order phase transition. We analyze the model proposed in Ref. Abdalla et al. (2013), using updated constraints on the decay time of a metastable dark energy from the work of Ref. Shafieloo et al. (2018). The results of our analysis show no prospects for potentially observable signals that could distinguish this scenario. We also show that such model would not drive a complete transition to a dark matter dominated phase even in a distant future. Nevertheless, the model is not excluded by the latest data and we confirm that the mass of the dark matter particle that would result from such a process corresponds to an axion-like particle, which is currently one of the best motivated dark matter candidates. We argue that extensions to this model, possibly with additional couplings, still deserve further attention as it could provide an interesting and viable description for an interacting dark sector scenario based in a single scalar field.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 5: Table S5. of Genome-wide identification of markers for selecting higher oil content in oil palm
Creators: name: Bai, Bin
name: Wang, Le
name: Lee, May
name: Zhang, Yingjun
name: Rahmadsyah
name: Alfiko, Yuzer
name: Ye, Bao
name: Wan, Zi
name: Lim, Chin
name: Suwanto, Antonius
name: Chua, Nam-Hai
name: Yue, Gen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Effects of marker genotypes at loci associated with oil content in a Dura Ă Pisifera breeding population. (DOCX 13Â kb)
title: Effect of Foliar Application of Urea and Ammonium Nitrate on the Dry Weight and Protein Content of Maize Plants
Creators: name: Fiallos, Alvaro
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1969

description: Urea and ammonium nitrate were applied to leaves of maize plants growing in growth chambers on nutrient solutions containing three different concentrations of ammonium nitrate. Dry weights, and the soluble protein contents of leaves, sterns and roots we remeasured. Both urea and ammonium nitrate did increase the dry weights of leaves and stems when ammonium nitrate was used in the nutrient solutions (0.5 and 2.5 mM/ liter). When nitrogen was not used in the nutrient solutions, no increments of dry weight occurred. The protein contents of leaves were increased for plants in the same nutrient solutions that produced increases in the dry weights, except that urea did not increase protein contents of stems. The dry weights of roots were increased by foliar applied urea when ammonium nitrate was used in the nutrient solutions but not when the nutrient solutions were without nitrogen. Ammonium nitrate applied to the foliage did not increase the dry weights of roots. The protein contents of roots were not increased by urea or ammonium nitrate applied to the leaves. The increments in the dry weights and protein contents given by foliar applied urea were superior to those of foliar applied ammonium nitrate, with the exception of the protein content of stems.
title: The Petrology and Mineralogy of Tertiary(?) Olivine Trachyte in the Harrington Peak Quadrangle, Southeastern Idaho
Creators: name: Shearer-Fullerton, Amanda
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1985

description: The Harrington Peak Quadrangle is located within the Caribou National Forest of southeast Idaho. Within this quadrangle are outcrops of olivine trachyte of Pliocene(?) age overlying sedimentary rocks of Mississippian to Tertiary age. The region contains thrust faults and later normal faults (generally trending north-south} formed during Basin and Range extension.
The Largest outcrop of olivine trachyte (approximately1 1/2 X 3 km) probably formed as the result of a fissure eruption. Two other outcrop areas show evidence of being sites of local extrusion.
Whole-rock chemical analyses revealed the olivine trachyte to have moderate amounts of SiO2 and Al2O3, high MgO and CaO, and K2O in excess over Na2O (approximately 2:1). Mineralogical characteristics include microphenocrysts of Mg-rich olivine and diopsidic augite in a groundmass of Ba-rich sanidine, diopsidic augite, Fe-Ti oxides, and less commonly phlogopite and/or plagioclase.
The olivine trachyte closely resembles the ciminites from the Viterbo region of Italy and has some petrological and mineralogical similarities to many other continental potassic volcanic rocks. The olivine trachyte may have formed by partial melting of a heterogenous mica peridotite mantle source enriched in incompatible elements during a previous tectonic event.
The structural history of Tasmania from the Devonian to the recent
Creators: name: Stacey, AR
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Onshore Tasmania is a frontier exploration province, where exploration using modern methods has not previously been attempted. Bitumen, oil and gas seeps have been widely reported from onshore Tasmania over the last hundred years. Over 40 exploration wells have been drilled, however none have been successful. Most wells were drilled in the vicinity of alleged seeps with little or no knowledge of stratigraphy or structure. No exploration well has been drilled on a target identified from a seismic reflection survey. The primary aim of this research is to establish the geometry and age of structures affecting the Permo-Triassic Tasmania Basin, and also the Tertiary basins and Palaeozoic fold-thrust belt. The findings are used to define the distribution and style of potential hydrocarbon traps, and to assess the potential influence the age of trap formation has on hydrocarbon prospectivity.
Maximal positive cross shot noise from Andreev reflection
Creators: name: Bednorz, A.
name: Tworzydło, J.
name: Wróbel, J.
name: Dietl, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The current flowing from a superconductor to a two-terminal setup describing a nanostructure connected to normal-metal leads is studied. We provide an example of scattering matrix giving ideal splitting off electrons from a Cooper pair by means of Cauchy-Bunyakovsky-Schwarz inequality. The proposal of the junction and its possible variants are discussed in a context of possible experiments.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures, to be published in PRB
title: Petrology and Mineralogy of Tertiary(?) Volcanic Rocks of Snowville Area, Utah, and Tertiary-Quaternary(?) Volcanic Rocks of Table Mountain and Holbrook Areas, Idaho
Creators: name: Wang, Yunshuen
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1985

description: Basalt flows occur in the Snowville area of north-central Utah and the Table Mountain and Holbrook areas of south-central Idaho. All basalt flows are aphanitic in groundmass, and contain olivine, plagioclase, augite, and opaque oxides. They can be distinguished by texture. Snowville basalt has predominantly subophitic to intergranular textures. Table Mountain basalt is fine grained, with stumpy groundmass plagioclase and equant ilmenite crystals. Holbrook basalt has pilotaxitic to intergranular textures, with the presence of plagioclase phenocrysts and characteristic exsolution lamellae in Fe-Ti oxides. The olivine grains in Holbrook area are intensely oxidized to Fe-Ti oxides.
Snowville basalt contains olivine phenocrysts (Fo88 -Fo44 ) in a groundmass of olivine (Fo63 -Fo47), augite (Wo42 -Wo36), and plagioclase (An77-An52). The lower flow unit of Table Mountain basalt contains olivine phenocrysts (Fo88-?) in a groundmass of augite (Wo44 En44 Fs17), and plagioclase (An58-An48). The upper flow unit of Table Mountain basalt has olivine phenocrysts (Fo82-Fo65), plagioclase phenocrysts (An73-An67), and plagioclase groundmass (An64-An55). The Holbrook basalt is composed of olivine phenocrysts (Fo67-Fo57)and plagioclase phenocrysts (An68-An43 ) in a groundmass of olivine (Fo59Fos53) augite (Wo39 En44 Fs17), and plagioclase (An67-An35). The basalts of the Snowville and Holbrook areas, represent petrographic, mineralogical, and chemical characteristics of both olivine-tholeiitic basalt and alkali-olivine basalt, whereas Table Mountain upper and lower flow units show their affinity with alkali-olivine basalt. Chemically, basalts from these three areas are consistently high in silica, magnesium, and alkali content. The Snowville basalt has a high Ba content and high strontium isotope ratio.
Fractional crystallization models indicate that the basalt flows from the three different areas are genetically unrelated. The testing also suggests that the upper and lower flow units of the Table Mountain area are not genetically related. The basalts of the three areas also can not be evolved from the basalts found at Kelton, the Rozel Hills or Black Mountain. Basalts of the Snowville area have consistently higher magnesium and silica contents than Snake River basalt, Kelton area basalt, and Rozel Hills and Black Mountain basalt, indicating that they may represent what was initially a very primitive basaltic lava. High Ba content and strontium isotope ratio indicate that the Snowville basalt was contaminated by crustal material.
Table Mountain and Holbrook basalt may have formed as a result of partial melting from a pyrolite or garnet peridotite mantle.
E6,7,8 Magnetized Extra Dimensional Models
Creators: name: Choi, Kang-Sin
name: Kobayashi, Tatsuo
name: Maruyama, Ryosuke
name: Murata, Masaki
name: Nakai, Yuichiro
name: Ohki, Hiroshi
name: Sakai, Manabu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study 10D super Yang-Mills theory with the gauge groups $E_6$, $E_7$ and $E_8$. We consider the torus/orbifold compacfitication with magnetic fluxes and Wilson lines. They lead to 4D interesting models with three families of quarks and leptons, whose profiles in extra dimensions are quasi-localized because of magnetic fluxes.
description: 17 pages, 1 figure
Social workers' orientation to client problems
Creators: name: McLeod, Ronald Keith
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This research report on Social Workers' Orientation to Client problems is based on the theoretical framework worked out and presented in a monograph by Andrew Billingsley, The Social Worker in a Child Protective Agency (3). Briefly, Billingsley, in his doctoral dissertation, considered in depth the reasons for the lack of professionally trained social workers in child protective services. The data to be tested in our report was the result of material accumulated in a 1967 University of British Columbia, School of Social Work thesis entitled: Social Workers' Perceptions of Child Abuse and Neglect (4). The main hypothesis in our study is that professional education and/or work experience in the field of social work will tend to influence the social workers' cognitive and psychodynamic orientations and choice of reference group. Our findings indicate that social workers with substantial work experience appeared to be associated with low psychodynamic orientations. In parts, our results differed from Billingsley and these differences are discussed in our conclusions. Our findings have also indicated the need for further research in several areas.
The Upper Atmosphere of HD17156b
Creators: name: Koskinen, T. T.
name: Aylward, A. D.
name: Miller, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: HD17156b is a newly-found transiting extrasolar giant planet (EGP) that orbits its G-type host star in a highly eccentric orbit (e~0.67) with an orbital semi-major axis of 0.16 AU. Its period, 21.2 Earth days, is the longest among the known transiting planets. The atmosphere of the planet undergoes a 27-fold variation in stellar irradiation during each orbit, making it an interesting subject for atmospheric modelling. We have used a three-dimensional model of the upper atmosphere and ionosphere for extrasolar gas giants in order to simulate the progress of HD17156b along its eccentric orbit. Here we present the results of these simulations and discuss the stability, circulation, and composition in its upper atmosphere. Contrary to the well-known transiting planet HD209458b, we find that the atmosphere of HD17156b is unlikely to escape hydrodynamically at any point along the orbit, even if the upper atmosphere is almost entirely composed of atomic hydrogen and H+, and infrared cooling by H3+ ions is negligible. The nature of the upper atmosphere is sensitive to to the composition of the thermosphere, and in particular to the mixing ratio of H2, as the availability of H2 regulates radiative cooling. In light of different simulations we make specific predictions about the thermosphere-ionosphere system of HD17156b that can potentially be verified by observations.
description: 31 pages, 42 eps figures
title: Structure and Petrography of the Tertiary Volcanic Rocks Between Death Creek and Dairy Valley Creek (Box Elder Co.), Utah
Creators: name: Hare, E. Matthew
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1982

description: Several volcanic flows lie between Death Creek and Dairy Valley Creek, near Etna, Utah. The major, central portion of the volcanic flows is composed of dacite and dacite vitrophyre. An elongate ridge in the southeastern corner of the study area and several small outcrops in Death Creek Valley are composed of rhyolite and rhyolite vitrophyre. Additional rock types include conglomerate, volcanic ash, and tuffaceous sedimentary rock of the Tertiary Salt Lake Formation, Paleozoic limestone, and Tertiary basalt.
Dacite and dacite vitrophyre samples are porphyritic, containing phenocrysts of plagioclase, quartz, biotite, amphibole, orthopyroxene, and iron-titanium oxides. Rhyolite and rhyolite vitrophyre samples are porphyritic, containing phenocrysts of plagioclase, alkali feldspar, quartz, and iron-titanium oxides, with minor amounts of biotite and amphibole. Plagioclase phenocrysts are complexly twinned, zoned, and corroded in dacitic samples; whereas, they are simply twinned, unzoned, and uncorroded in rhyolitic samples . Quartz and alkali feldspar phenocrysts contain glass-filled inclusions and are subrounded in rhyolitic samples.
Average chemical analyses of five dacitic sample yield weight percent: SiO2, 69.11; TiO2, 0.31; Al2O3, 14.18; Fe2O3, 1.26; FeO, 1.23; MnO, 0.04; MgO, 0.54; CaO, 2.27; Na2O, 3.30; K2O, 4.07; P2O5, 1.23; H2O+, 1.89; H2O-, 0.46; total, 99.27. Average chemical analyses of three rhyolitic samples yield weight percent: SiO2, 76.66; TiO2, 0.12; Al2O3, 11.80; Fe2O3, 0.58; FeO, 0.43; MnO, 0.01; MgO, 0.09; CaO, 0.78; Na2O, 2.69; K2O, 5.26; P2O5, 0.02; H2O+, 1.17; H2O-, 0.22; total, 99.85.
The volcanic flows of the study area are believed to be derived from fusion of sialic material within the crust which differentiated to form dacite and rhyolite. The dacite is believed to be the first magma extruded in the study area; whereas, the rhyolite represents the later extruded magma. Evidence supporting this relative emplacement is the restriction of rhyolite to the southeastern corner of the study area and the intrusion of rhyolite into dacite in the narrows of Death Creek Valley.
The volcanic flows of the study area are believed to have been derived during the second stage of Basin and Range volcanism beginning approximately 14 million years ago. The study area rhyolite has chemical compositions similar to those rhyolites of bimodal basalt-rhyolite fields formed during the second stage of Basin and Range volcanism which includes high silica contents, higher alkali to calcium ratios, and greater sodium contents compared with rhyolite of calc-alkalic fields.
title: Performance of field-scale lab vs in situ visible/near- and mid-infrared spectroscopy for estimation of soil properties
Creators: name: Greenberg, Isabel
name: Seidel, Michael
name: Vohland, Michael
name: Ludwig, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: carbon fractions
subject: handheld
subject: labile carbon
subject: mid infrared
subject: near infrared
subject: partial least squares regression
subject: portable
subject: soil organic carbon
subject: soil spectroscopy
subject: stabilized carbon
subject: 570
subject: 600
subject: Kohlenstoff
subject: MIR
subject: NIR-Spektroskopie
subject: Methode der partiellen kleinsten Quadrate
subject: Transportables Gerät
subject: Physikochemische Bodeneigenschaft

description: Gefördert im Rahmen des Projekts DEAL
description: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Grant/Award Numbers: LU 583/19-1, VO 1509/7-1
Detecting the third family of compact stars with normalizing flows
Creators: name: Carvalho, Valéria
name: Ferreira, Márcio
name: Providência, Constança
name: Bejger, Michał
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the anomaly detection framework based on Normalizing Flows (NF) models introduced in \cite{PhysRevC.106.065802} to detect the presence of a large (destabilising) dense matter phase transition in neutron star (NS) observations of masses and radii, and relate the feasibility of detection with parameters of the underlying mass-radius sequence, which is a functional of the dense matter equation of state. Once trained on simulated data featuring continuous $M(R)$ solutions (i.e., no phase transitions), NF is used to determine the likelihood of a first-order phase transition in a given set of $M(R)$ observations featuring a discontinuity, i.e., perform the anomaly detection. Different mock test sets, featuring two branch solutions in the $M(R)$ diagram, were parameterized by the NS mass at which the phase transition occurs, $M_c$, and the radius difference between the heaviest hadronic star and lightest hybrid star, $ΔR$. We analyze the impact of these parameters on the NF performance in detecting the presence of a first-order phase transition. Among the results, we report that given a set of 15 stars with radius uncertainty of $0.2$ km, a detection of a two-branch solution is possible with 95\% accuracy if $ΔR > 0.4$ km.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Additional file 1: of Inhibition of hexokinases holds potential as treatment strategy for rheumatoid arthritis
Creators: name: Song, Guanhua
name: Lu, Qiqi
name: Fan, Hua
name: Zhang, Xiumei
name: Ge, Luna
name: Tian, Ruisong
name: Wang, Shiguan
name: Feng, Tingting
name: Pan, Jihong
name: Feng, Jingjing
name: Xiao, Yabo
name: Yi, Xin
name: Ren, Ningxin
name: Wang, Lin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Table S1. Primers used in this study. (DOC 31 kb)
Stack structures on GIT quotients parametrizing hypersurfaces
Creators: name: Gulbrandsen, Martin G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14L30 (Primary) 14L24, 14A20 (Secondary)

description: We suggest to endow Mumford's GIT quotient scheme with a stack structure, by replacing Proj(-) of the invariant ring with its stack theoretic analogue. We analyse the stacks resulting in this way from classically studied invariant rings, and in particular for binary forms of low degree. Our viewpoint is that the stack structure carries interesting geometric information that is intrinsically present in the invariant ring, but lost when passing to its Proj(-).
description: 16 pages, 2 figures, to appear in Mathematische Nachrichten
Hadronic production of $B^{(*)}_s$ at TEVATRON and LHC
Creators: name: Zhang, Jia-Wei
name: Fang, Zhen-Yun
name: Chang, Chao-Hsi
name: Wu, Xing-Gang
name: Zhong, Tao
name: Yu, Yao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the hadronic production of $B_s$ and $B_s^*$ mesons within the fixed-flavor-number scheme, in which the dominant gluon-gluon fusion mechanism is dealt with by using the complete $α_s^4$ approach. Main theoretical uncertainties for $B_s$ and $B_s^*$ production at TEVATRON and LHC are presented. It is found that when $m_s$ increases by steps of 0.1 GeV, the integrated cross section of $B^{(*)}_s$ decreases by $80%-100%$, when $m_b$ increases by steps of 0.1 GeV, it changes to be $\sim 10%$. While the uncertainties caused by the parton distribution function and the factorization scale varies within the region of 1/5 to 1/3. Considering possible kinematic cut on the transverse momentum and the rapidity cut for the detectors at TEVATRON and LHC, we also make estimations on the $B_s$ and $B_s^*$ production with various kinematic cuts.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, 5 tables. Reference updated. To be published in Phys.Rev. D
title: Seedling Establishment of Alfalfa Comparing Four Varieties, Three Fungicides and Two Inoculums
Creators: name: Foster, Ronald Brown
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1955

description: The establishment of alfalfa is expensive and good initial stands permit the farmer to secure high yields and spread establishment costs over several years, Of the factors involved: seedbed preparation, fertilization, seed viability, method of planting, and water application are controlled by the farmer, On the other hand, beneficial and detrimental microflora are not so easily controlled because practices aimed at controlling the detrimental microflora may also destroy the beneficial.
Subharmonic lock-in detection and its optimisation for femtosecond noise correlation spectroscopy
Creators: name: Weiss, M. A.
name: Herbst, F. S.
name: Eggert, S.
name: Nakajima, M.
name: Leitenstorfer, A.
name: Goennenwein, S. T. B.
name: Kurihara, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although often viewed as detrimental, fluctuations carry valuable information about the physical system from which they emerge. Femtosecond noise correlation spectroscopy (FemNoC) has recently been established to probe the ultrafast fluctuation dynamics of thermally populated magnons by measurement of their amplitude autocorrelation. Subharmonic lock-in detection is the key technique in this method, allowing to extract the pulse-to-pulse polarisation fluctuations of two femtosecond optical pulse trains transmitted through a magnetic sample. Here, we present a thorough technical description of the subharmonic demodulation technique and of the FemNoC measurement system. We mathematically model the data acquisition process and identify the essential parameters which critically influence the signal-to-noise ratio of the signals. Comparing the model calculations to real datasets allows validating the predicted parameter dependences and provides a means to optimise FemNoC experiments.
title: The Use of Tetrazolium as a Measure of the Salt Tolerance of Alfalfa
Creators: name: Freter, Daryl A.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1961

description: The task of obtaining and selecting plants which may not only survive under salty conditions, but grow and produce satisfactory yields is varied and complex. It is becoming necessary to select and breed crops for salt tolerance. Plants can be grown in artificially constructed salt basins to test their individual salt tolerance, but this takes time, at least one year. It would be desirable to develop a rapid test to determine the salt tolerance of a given plant. The use of a dye in conjunction with a series of salt solutions has been suggested for determining the salt tolerance of plants.
Higher education peer mentoring programme to promote student community: strategies and best practices
Creators: name: Bussu, Anna
name: Haslam, Shelly
name: Owen, Michael
Publisher: name: Edge Hill University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 130101 Continuing and Community Education

description: Recording from a Centre for Learning and Teaching (CLT) Professional Development session, which was facilitated by Anna Bussu, Shelly Haslam and Michael Owen from Applied Health and Social Care.
The normal Type Ia SN 2003hv out to very late phases
Creators: name: Leloudas, G.
name: Stritzinger, M. D.
name: Sollerman, J.
name: Burns, C. R.
name: Kozma, C.
name: Krisciunas, K.
name: Maund, J. R.
name: Milne, P.
name: Filippenko, A. V.
name: Fransson, C.
name: Ganeshalingam, M.
name: Hamuy, M.
name: Li, W.
name: Phillips, M. M.
name: Schmidt, B. P.
name: Skottfelt, J.
name: Taubenberger, S.
name: Boldt, L.
name: Fynbo, J. P. U.
name: Gonzalez, L.
name: Salvo, M.
name: Thomas-Osip, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An extensive dataset for SN 2003hv that covers the flux evolution from maximum light to day +786 is presented. The data are combined with published nebular-phase infrared spectra, and the observations are compared to model light curves and synthetic nebular spectra. SN 2003hv is a normal Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) with photometric and spectroscopic properties consistent with its rarely observed B-band decline-rate parameter, Delta m_15 = 1.61 +- 0.02. The blueshift of the most isolated [Fe II] lines in the nebular-phase optical spectrum appears consistent with those observed in the infrared at similar epochs. At late times there is a prevalent color evolution from the optical toward the near-infrared bands. We present the latest-ever detection of a SN Ia in the near-infrared in Hubble Space Telescope images. The study of the ultraviolet/optical/infrared (UVOIR) light curve reveals that a substantial fraction of the flux is "missing" at late times. Between 300-700 days past maximum brightness, the UVOIR light curve declines linearly following the decay of radioactive Co56, assuming full and instantaneous positron trapping. At 700 days we detect a possible slowdown of the decline in optical bands, mainly in the V band. The data are incompatible with a dramatic infrared catastrophe. However, the idea that an infrared catastrophe occurred in the densest regions before 350 days can explain the missing flux from the UVOIR wavelengths and the flat-topped profiles in the near-infrared. We argue that such a scenario is possible if the ejecta are clumpy. The observations suggest that positrons are most likely trapped in the ejecta.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures. Fixed typos found during proofs to match published version
Studies on the Controlled Release of Drugs from Magnetic Nanobiocomposites
Creators: name: Heinze, Thomas
name: Müller, Robert
name: Zhou, Mengbo
name: Rabel, Martin
name: Warncke, Paul
name: Fischer, Dagmar
Publisher: name: Palembang : Sriwijaya University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: magnetic nanocomposites
subject: drug release
subject: NBC
subject: 540

description: Magnetic nanocomposites are a class of smart materials that have attracted recent interest as drug delivery systems or as medical implants. In this study, meltable nanobiocomposites (NBC) composed of biocompatible dextran fatty acid ester and magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) melting close to human body temperature were prepared and loaded with Rhodamine B (RhB) or green fluorescent protein (GFP) as model drugs to evaluate their potential use as drug delivery system. The release of the model drugs from the magnetic NBC investigated under the influence of a high frequent alternating magnetic field (AMF, 20 kA/m at 400 kHz) showed that on-demand release is realized applying the external AMF. The NBC showed a long-term stability (28 d) of the incorporated iron oxide particles after incubation in artificial body fluids. This work reveals the potential of the NBC as a drug carrier.
title: All-Sky Measurements of the Mesospheric "Frontal Events" From Bear Lake Observatory, Utah
Creators: name: Seo, Seon-Hee
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1998

description: Studies of internal gravity waves in the earth's upper atmosphere are of considerable interest. These waves play a very important role in the dynamics of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (ML T) region where they can transfer large amounts of energy and momentum from the lower atmosphere via wave saturation and dissipation. In particular, small-scale short-period (50ms"1) . Another unusual characteristic of "frontal events" is an apparent reversal in contrast of the wave structures as imaged in the hydroxyl (OH) emission (peak altitude- 87 km) when compared with the oxygen (OJ) "green line" (557.7 nm) emission (peak altitude -96 km) that can sometimes occur. In one isolated case, observed from Haleakala, Hawaii, the bright wave crests in the OH emission appeared to propagated through a dark structureless sky, whereas in the OI emission the same waves appeared to propagate into a bright sky, leaving an apparently depleted emission in its wake. Recent theoretical studies based on noble measurements have shown that frontal events may be due to a "bore-like" intrusion that raises the OJ (557. 7 nm) layer by a few km and at the same time depresses the OH layer by a similar amount. However, studies of fronts and bores in the ML T region are exceptionally rare. I have discovered and analyzed 16 frontal events from image data recorded at Bear Lake Observatory, Utah ( 41.6°N, 111.6°W), over the past four years. I have investigated some of their properties such as their horizontal wavelengths, horizontal phase speeds, observed periods, and their directions of motion. In addition, I have made comparative measurements of their relative intensities in the OH and OI emissions. These studies provide the first "extensive" data set on such events detailing their morphology and dynamics and should provide important information necessary for a deeper understanding of their occurrence frequency and properties.
Optimization of Segmented Thermal Barrier Coatings (s-TBCs) for High-Temperature Applications
Creators: name: Yalçınyüz, Behiye Aybike
name: Kamutzki, Franz
name: Gurlo, Aleksander
name: Rupprecht, Christian
Publisher: name: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::670 Industrielle Fertigung::670 Industrielle Fertigung
subject: atmospheric plasma spraying
subject: APS
subject: deposition efficiency
subject: DE
subject: gas turbine blades
subject: powder characterization
subject: segmented thermal barrier coatings
subject: s-TBCs
subject: yttria-stabilized zirconia
subject: YSZ

description: Hot section components of stationary gas turbines, such as turbine blades and vanes, are coated with thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) to increase the component life. TBCs provide thermal insulation to the metallic components from hot gas in the gas turbines. The TBCs represent high-performance ceramics and are mainly composed of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) to fulfill the thermal insulation function. The microstructure of the TBCs should be porous to decrease heat conduction. Besides the porous TBCs, the subsequently developed vertically segmented thermal barrier coatings (s-TBCs) feature outstanding thermal durability. For the formation of this segmented coating microstructure, the YSZ should be deposited under high thermal tensile stress during the coating process. Therefore, substrates are heated just before the coating by plasma or in an oven in recent research. In this work, the development of process parameters for s-TBCs produced by atmospheric plasma spray (APS) without pre-heating is presented. Within the experiments, the relevant process parameters, such as plasma gases, powder feed rate, surface speed, and pathway strategy, have been optimized to achieve the segmented coating microstructure with high deposition efficiency by a conventional plasma torch. Furthermore, YSZ powders used in this study are characterized, and the effect of powder characteristics on the coating microstructure is investigated. The coating microstructure in this work aims to achieve the formation of a high number of vertical cracks with a combination of low internal residual stress and high adhesive tensile strength for the s-TBCs.
Sub-THz radiation mechanisms in solar flares
Creators: name: Fleishman, Gregory D.
name: Kontar, Eduard P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations in the sub-THz range of large solar flares have revealed a mysterious spectral component increasing with frequency and hence distinct from the microwave component commonly accepted to be produced by gyrosynchrotron (GS) emission from accelerated electrons. Evidently, having a distinct sub-THz component requires either a distinct emission mechanism (compared to the GS one), or different properties of electrons and location, or both. We find, however, that the list of possible emission mechanisms is incomplete. This Letter proposes a more complete list of emission mechanisms, capable of producing a sub-THz component, both well-known and new in this context and calculates a representative set of their spectra produced by a) free-free emission, b) gyrosynchrotron emission, c) synchrotron emission from relativistic positrons/electrons, d) diffusive radiation, and e) Cherenkov emission. We discuss the possible role of the mechanisms in forming the sub-THz emission and emphasize their diagnostics potential for flares.
description: Submitted to ApJL, 5 figures, minor revision to match resubmitted version
Additional file 1: of The detrimental effects of radiotherapy interruption on local control after concurrent chemoradiotherapy for advanced T-stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma: an observational, prospective analysis
Creators: name: Yao, Ji-Jin
name: Jin, Ya-Nan
name: Wang, Si-Yang
name: Zhang, Fan
name: Zhou, Guan-Qun
name: Zhang, Wang-Jian
name: Zhi-Bin
name: Cheng
name: Ma, Jun
name: Qi, Zhen-Yu
name: Sun, Ying
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Table S1. Patient characteristics. (DOC 26 kb)
Tokenizing assets with dividend payouts—a legally compliant and flexible design
Creators: name: Zhitomirskiy, Efim
name: Schmid, Stefan
name: Walther, Martin
Publisher: name: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft::330 Wirtschaft
subject: blockchain
subject: crowdsourcing
subject: dividend distribution
subject: decentralized finance
subject: security token
subject: tokenization

description: The tokenization of financial assets using blockchain technology is a transformative process that allows for the fractionalization of ownership, thereby creating more accessible investment opportunities compared to traditional financial assets. Recent research has shown that token offerings are subject to moral hazard and fraud. In response to these challenges, we propose a novel token design that is compliant with the legal framework of Switzerland. Our design is characterized by its flexibility and can represent any yield or dividend-bearing asset, such as stocks, bonds, or rental income from real estate. Further enhancing its compatibility, the token conforms to the Ethereum ERC-20 standard, enabling seamless integration with existing decentralized finance solutions. Another contribution of our token design is its innovative approach to dividend distribution. Unlike traditional models that distribute dividends based on ownership at the time of payment, our token design distributes dividends based on holding times. This distinctive approach promotes smoother asset prices between dividend payouts by eliminating the need for compensation payments. Our token prototype represents a potential starting point for future research on leveraging the opportunities of decentralized finance.
Increasing the spatial resolution of cloud property retrievals from Meteosat SEVIRI by use of its high-resolution visible channel: Evaluation of candidate approaches with MODIS observations
Creators: name: Werner, Frank
name: Deneke, Hartwig
Publisher: name: Katlenburg-Lindau : Copernicus
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: accuracy assessment
subject: algorithm
subject: cloud droplet
subject: concentration (composition)
subject: Meteosat
subject: SEVIRI
subject: MODIS
subject: spatial resolution
subject: transfer function
subject: 550

description: This study presents and evaluates several candidate approaches for downscaling observations from the Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infrared Imager (SEVIRI) in order to increase the horizontal resolution of subsequent cloud optical thickness (τ) and effective droplet radius (reff) retrievals from the native ≈ 3km×3km spatial resolution of the narrowband channels to ≈ 1km×1km. These methods make use of SEVIRI's coincident broadband high-resolution visible (HRV) channel. For four example cloud fields, the reliability of each downscaling algorithm is evaluated by means of collocated 1km×1km MODIS radiances, which are reprojected to the horizontal grid of the HRV channel and serve as reference for the evaluation. By using these radiances, smoothed with the modulation transfer function of the native SEVIRI channels, as retrieval input, the accuracy at the SEVIRI standard resolution can be evaluated and an objective comparison of the accuracy of the different downscaling algorithms can be made. For the example scenes considered in this study, it is shown that neglecting high-frequency variations below the SEVIRI standard resolution results in significant random absolute deviations of the retrieved τ and reff of up to ≈ 14 and ≈ 6μm, respectively, as well as biases. By error propagation, this also negatively impacts the reliability of the subsequent calculation of liquid water path (WL) and cloud droplet number concentration (ND), which exhibit deviations of up to ≈ 89gm-2 and ≈ 177cm-3, respectively. For τ , these deviations can be almost completely mitigated by the use of the HRV channel as a physical constraint and by applying most of the presented downscaling schemes. Uncertainties in retrieved reff at the native SEVIRI resolution are smaller, and the improvements from downscaling the observations are less obvious than for τ. Nonetheless, the right choice of downscaling scheme yields noticeable improvements in the retrieved reff. Furthermore, the improved reliability in retrieved cloud products results in significantly reduced uncertainties in derived WL and ND. In particular, one downscaling approach provides clear improvements for all cloud products compared to those obtained from SEVIRI's standard resolution and is recommended for future downscaling endeavors. This work advances efforts to mitigate impacts of scale mismatches among channels of multiresolution instruments on cloud retrievals. © Author(s) 2020.
Couch to 5K...the experience of learning how to plan and deliver a full day event online in just 9 weeks
Creators: name: Bonati, Emma
Publisher: name: Edge Hill University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: Emma Bonati
Couch to 5K...the experience of learning how to plan and deliver a full day event online in just 9 weeks
I am still no expert but have moved from the beginner to intermediate level of online delivery and share how in this video.
Interferometry signatures for QCD first-order phase transition in heavy ion collisions at GSI-FAIR energies
Creators: name: Yu, Li-Li
name: Efaaf, M. J.
name: Ren, Yan-Yu
name: Zhang, Wei-Ning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the technique of quantum transport of the interfering pair we examine the Hanbury-Brown-Twiss (HBT) interferometry signatures for the particle-emitting sources of pions and kaons produced in the heavy ion collisions at GSI-FAIR energies. The evolution of the sources is described by relativistic hydrodynamics with the system equation of state of the first-order phase transition from quark-gluon plasma (QGP) to hadronic matter. We use quantum probability amplitudes in a path-integral formalism to calculate the two-particle correlation functions, where the effects of particle decay and multiple scattering are taken into consideration. We find that the HBT radii of kaons are smaller than those of pions for the same initial conditions. Both the HBT radii of pions and kaons increase with the system initial energy density. The HBT lifetimes of the pion and kaon sources are sensitive to the initial energy density. They are significantly prolonged when the initial energy density is tuned to the phase boundary between the QGP and mixed phase. This prolongations of the HBT lifetimes of pions and kaons may likely be observed in the heavy ion collisions with an incident energy in the GSI-FAIR energy range.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
title: In Vitro Evaluation of Anti-Eimeria tenella, Gamont-specific, Monoclonal Antibodies and Partial Characterization of their Target Antigens
Creators: name: Wilson, Eric
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1995

description: This study represents an effort to interrupt the life cycle of Eimeria tenella, the parasite that causes cecal coccidiosis in chickens, with a panel of 12 gamont-specific monoclonal antibodies (Mabs). To facilitate Mab screening, it was first necessary to develop a cell culture-adapted strain of E. tenella (field strain 80) from primary chicken kidney cells (PCKC) to white Leghorn chickens and back to PCKC. This alternation was repeated through 12 such passages. As a result, we have developed a cell culture-adapted strain of E. tenella that produces over 280% more oocysts in vitro than the original parent strain, and over six times as many oocysts as reported by other investigators. Of the 12 Mabs evaluated, Mab HD8 had the greatest inhibitory effect by significantly reducing (PE. tenella oocysts produced in cell culture by 61% compared with untreated controls. Western blot analysis revealed that the target antigen for Mab HD8 had a molecular mass of 71 and 36 kilodaltons, respectively, when run under nonreduced and reduced conditions. Subsequent evaluation of soluble and membrane-associated proteins indicated that the target antigen for Mab HD8 was membrane-associated. In vivo studies are now required to validate the efficacy of this antigen in a subunit vaccine.
Sources of negative differential resistance in electric nanotransport
Creators: name: Baldea, Ioan
name: Koppel, Horst
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A negative differential resistance (NDR) in the nanotransport is often ascribed to electron correlations. We present a simple example which demonstrates that finite electrode bandwidths and energy dependent electrode density of states are responsible for significant NDR effects, which occur even in uncorrelated nanotransport. Therefore, special care is needed in assessing the contribution of electron correlations to the NDR.
Modelling the effects of forest regeneration on streamflow using forest growth models
Creators: name: Jaskierniak, D
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Forest regeneration is a dynamic process that affects forest hydrology through changes in structure and density of natural forests. In Victoria and Tasmania, forest hydrology models that manage the potential impacts of land cover disturbance on the water resource are not data-driven with information on vegetation dynamics that affect forest water use. Current models underutilise forest inventory databases for managing the forested water resources, even though available evidence suggests an inverse relationship between forest growth rates and long-term changes in streamflow. This dissertation is the first published study that uses forest inventory data to produce spatiotemporal forest growth models to explain vegetation-induced streamflow trends. The study was undertaken in nine small catchments (7.4 to 52.8 ha) located in Melbourne's Maroondah water catchment. The hydrology model runs on an annual time step and partitions streamflow data into climate-induced noise using a climate filter, and vegetation-induced trend using an ellipse and gamma (Kuczera curve‚ÄövÑvp) function. A simulation exercise demonstrates how well the model structure isolates the vegetation-induced trend from climatic variability in streamflow using a range of synthesised scenario cases. The model framework allows for comparison of streamflow trends against a detailed forest growth model by using the same gamma function to quantify forest growth and vegetation-induced streamflow trends. To spatially extrapolate forest growth, field measured stand characteristics were empirically analysed against LiDAR indices. The indices were produced with mixture models, which used 11 distribution functions to summarise complex canopy attributes with bimodal distributions. The LiDAR indices were used to predict overstorey stand volumes and basal area, and understorey basal area of 18-, 37-, and 70-year old Mountain Ash forest with variable density classes and treatment effects. Observed versus predicted values of eucalyptus basal area and stand volume were highly correlated, with bootstrap r2 ranging from 0.61 to 0.89 and 0.67 to 0.88 respectively. Non-eucalyptus basal area r2 ranged from 0.5 to 0.91. To temporally extrapolate stand volumes and basal area, LiDAR indices and permanent plot data were used in mixed effects models to capture the spatial heterogeneity in, and temporally polymorphic nature of forest growth. The spatiotemporal models of forest growth were then lumped to the catchment-scale to represent changes in growth rates over the stream gauging period. The relationship between catchment-scale gamma parameters of forest growth and forest water use were explored, and results demonstrate that forest growth provides useful information for explaining streamflow trends published in the literature and quantified in this study.
Hydrodynamic relation in 2D Heisenberg antiferromagnet in a field
Creators: name: Chernyshev, A. L.
name: Zhitomirsky, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin-stiffness ρ_s of a 2D Heisenberg antiferromagnet depends non-analytically on external magnetic field. We demonstrate that the hydrodynamic relation between ρ_s, the uniform susceptibility χ, and the spin-wave velocity $c$ is not violated by such a behavior because similar non-analytic terms from all three quantities mutually cancel out. In this work, explicit expressions for the field-dependent spin stiffness and for the magnon velocity of the 2D square lattice antiferromagnet are obtained by direct calculation to order 1/S and in the whole range of magnetic fields.
description: 5*(1-\epsilon) pages, 5 figures