cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Characterizing the Expected Behavior of Non-Poissonian Template Fitting
Creators: name: Bariuan, Luis Gabriel C.
name: Slatyer, Tracy R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed a systematic study of the statistical behavior of non-Poissonian template fitting (NPTF), a method designed to analyze and characterize unresolved point sources in general counts datasets. In this paper, we focus on the properties and characteristics of the Fermi-LAT gamma-ray data set. In particular, we have simulated and analyzed gamma-ray sky maps under varying conditions of exposure, angular resolution, pixel size, energy window, event selection, and source brightness. We describe how these conditions affect the sensitivity of NPTF to the presence of point sources, for inner-galaxy studies of point sources within the Galactic Center excess, and for the simplified case of isotropic emission. We do not find opportunities for major gains in sensitivity from varying these choices, within the range available with current Fermi-LAT data. We provide an analytic estimate of the NPTF sensitivity to point sources for the case of isotropic emission and perfect angular resolution, and find good agreement with our numerical results for that case.
description: Published in PRD, 24 pages (14 figures) + appendices (14 figures), comments welcome
Strongly nonlinear dynamics of electrolytes in large ac voltages
Creators: name: Olesen, Laurits H.
name: Bazant, Martin Z.
name: Bruus, Henrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the response of a model micro-electrochemical cell to a large ac voltage of frequency comparable to the inverse cell relaxation time. To bring out the basic physics, we consider the simplest possible model of a symmetric binary electrolyte confined between parallel-plate blocking electrodes, ignoring any transverse instability or fluid flow. We analyze the resulting one-dimensional problem by matched asymptotic expansions in the limit of thin double layers and extend previous work into the strongly nonlinear regime, which is characterized by two novel features - significant salt depletion in the electrolyte near the electrodes and, at very large voltage, the breakdown of the quasi-equilibrium structure of the double layers. The former leads to the prediction of "ac capacitive desalination", since there is a time-averaged transfer of salt from the bulk to the double layers, via oscillating diffusion layers. The latter is associated with transient diffusion limitation, which drives the formation and collapse of space-charge layers, even in the absence of any net Faradaic current through the cell. We also predict that steric effects of finite ion sizes (going beyond dilute solution theory) act to suppress the strongly nonlinear regime in the limit of concentrated electrolytes, ionic liquids and molten salts. Beyond the model problem, our reduced equations for thin double layers, based on uniformly valid matched asymptotic expansions, provide a useful mathematical framework to describe additional nonlinear responses to large ac voltages, such as Faradaic reactions, electro-osmotic instabilities, and induced-charge electrokinetic phenomena.
description: 30 pages, 17 eps-figures, RevTex
title: A Comparison of Academic Achievement Between Pupils of Selected Small Elementary Schools and Large Elementary Schools in Box Elder County
Creators: name: Morgan, Robert
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1957

description: The Constitution of the United States brought a “new look” throughout the western world toward the position the American school was to play in the protection of the cherished and newly won freedoms. Congressional action, backed by majority public opinion, legally bound the responsible power of school maintenance and operation over to the state and local governments. It was believed that the first line of defense for the protection of democracy lay in the foundation of good schools, and their activities could be best augmented by the strong support of the family community life cooperatively working for the welfare of a united local, state and national government. This idea coupled with other material controls such as transportation, finance, and other limiting economic factors brought about the desire to establish within walking distance a public school for every child of school age residing within the territorial boundaries of this country. Thus, the district, or ungraded one-teacher school, was born at a time when life was simple, families large, roads new and poor, and when education beyond the simplest rudiments was looked upon aa somewhat of a luxury but still a vital necessity to the development of this, then, “spawning” country. The small school was created to meet an immediate need. It has rendered an inestimable social and scientific contribution to the American way of life. For 200 years its social importance has paralleled that of the church and the home.
Ising spin glass transition in magnetic field out of mean-field
Creators: name: Leuzzi, L
name: Parisi, G.
name: Ricci-Tersenghi, F.
name: Ruiz-Lorenzo, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin-glass transition in external magnetic field is studied both in and out of the limit of validity of mean-field theory on a diluted one dimensional chain of Ising spins where exchange bonds occur with a probability decaying as the inverse power of the distance. Varying the power in this long-range model corresponds, in a one-to-one relationship, to change the dimension in spin-glass short-range models. Evidence for a spin-glass transition in magnetic field is found also for systems whose equivalent dimension is below the upper critical dimension at zero magnetic field.
description: 5 pages, 1 table, 6 figures, data analysis mistake corrected, new figures, new scaling approach to critical properties introduced
title: Controlled Cross Pollination and Hot Water Emasculation of Crested Wheatgrass, Agropyron Desertorum (Fisch.) Shult
Creators: name: Hansen, James
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1957

description: Grasses are more important in our present agricultural economy than ever before, yet the grasslands of the world are far below their production potential. One of the most hopeful approaches to this problem is through breeding better grasses.
Hamburg Open Science: Forschungsdatenrepositorium: Prototypen V 0.6
Creators: name: Rajski, Beate
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: research data repository
prototype
Hamburg
DSpace
Zenodo

description: In 2018, two prototype research data repositories will be developed in the Hamburg Open Science program. In this presentation, versions 0.6 are presented.
Heavy fermion behavior in PrRh2B2C: Excitonic mass enhancement
Creators: name: Anand, V. K.
name: Hossain, Z.
name: Chen, G.
name: Nicklas, M.
name: Geibel, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report magnetic and transport properties of a new quaternary borocarbide PrRh$_{2}$B$_{2}$C, based on magnetisation, resistivity and specific heat studies. This compound forms in LuNi$_{2}$B$_{2}$C-type tetragonal structure (space group {\it I4/mmm}) and does not exhibit magnetic ordering or superconductivity down to 0.5 K. The crystal field analysis of specific heat data suggests a singlet ground state in this compound. The high value of the Sommerfeld coefficient, $γ$ $\approx$ 250 mJ/mole K$^{2}$, together with a singlet ground state suggests that the heavy fermion behaviour in PrRh$_{2}$B$_{2}$C results from the interaction of the conduction electrons with the low lying crystal field excitations. No signature of magnetic ordering or superconductivity is observed in PrRh$_{2}$B$_{2}$C under the application of pressure up to 23 kbar.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Driven-dissipative topological phases in parametric resonator arrays
Creators: name: Gómez-León, Álvaro
name: Ramos, Tomás
name: González-Tudela, Alejandro
name: Porras, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the phenomena of topological amplification in arrays of parametric oscillators. We find two phases of topological amplification, both with directional transport and exponential gain with the number of sites, and one of them featuring squeezing. We also find a topologically trivial phase with zero-energy modes which produces amplification but lacks the robust topological protection of the others. We characterize the resilience to disorder of the different phases and their stability, gain, and noise-to-signal ratio. Finally, we discuss their experimental implementation with state-of-the-art techniques.
description: 23 pages and 19 labeled figures. Also An Appendix with the detailed calculations at the end
Additional file 1 of Early vascular changes after silicone oil removal using optical coherence tomography angiography
Creators: name: Hou, Yanan
name: Liu, Lei
name: Wang, Gang
name: Xie, Junwei
name: Wang, Yi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1
Effect of industrial values on science : an exploratory study
Creators: name: Bowden, Edgar A.F.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: A study was made of the attitudes of pure and applied science, economics and commerce students toward the acceptability of commercial goals for scientific research. A significant amount of discrimination was obtained amongst such groups of students on a battery of attitude statements and a scale was constructed from sixteen of the statements which gave the highest discrimination between commerce students and a combined group of pure and applied science students. The discrimination between the two groups on this scale was at the .001 level. The commerce students were significantly less homogeneous as a group and gave responses which were less internally consistent than those of the science students. In the second phase of the research, scientific originality was rated on the results of a test called "Problems and Solutions" which called for the production of ideas in an industrial and a non-industrial context. The within- and between-rater reliabilities of this test were .88 and .58 when degrees of originality were assessed, whereas the latter was .85 when only the presence or absence of originality was assessed. The results of the second study showed that scientific originality was significantly less in the industrial context, and that the ideas produced in that context were significantly-more often of a commercial nature. In the sample as a whole these two effects of the problem context were unrelated. Detailed examination of the results revealed the probable existence of three types of subject, designated the 'uncreative pure scientist', the 'creative applied scientist' and the 'creative pure scientist'. The first was characterized by zero scores for originality in both context, by the production of more, commercial ideas in the industrial contexts, and by a more pure-science orientation as measured by the attitude, scale. The second type was characterized by the production of more commercial ideas and a higher originality score in the industrial context. The third type was characterized by a lower originality score in the industrial context and the production of fewer scientific ideas in that context, rather than (at least in comparison to the other two types of subject) the production of more commercial ideas. The results did not support the hypothesis i) that the adverse effect of an environmental value system is positively related to the degree of dissonance between its values and those of an individual in that environment; ii) that the reduced originality of scientists in an industrial test context is a result of their conforming to an image of industrial research ideas having to be both commercial and conventional in order to be acceptable; iii) that the more creative the individual, the greater the adverse effect of a possible constraint perceived in the industrial value system, as considered here. There was limited support for the hypothesis that the least creative individuals are most likely to produce ideas of a commercial type in an industrial context.
title: Courses for Managerial Training as Recommended by Managers of Selected Utah Industries
Creators: name: Lepper, Edward
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1957

description: The United States is a growing nation; it is also an industrial nation. In the past century the spinning wheel has given way to the large clothing mills; a great network of miles and miles of electric power lines has replaced the kerosene lamp and provided power for work that was for years done by hand. Small horse-drawn earth moving equipment has given way to giant motor-driven bulldozers and transportation has progressed from the pony express and stagecoach to the huge trans-ocean airliners that make any spot on the globe only a matter of hours away. In like manner colleges have grown from units with one or two buildings and a meager handful of students to the modern campus with many buildings and thousands of students. These are to mention only a few of the changes. The United States is proud of its growth, proud of its industrial accomplishments, and is proud of its schools and colleges and the educational opportunities afforded to its citizens.
title: Enhancing Female Adolescent Identity Development Through Ideological Perspective-Taking Training: A Replication and Extension Study
Creators: name: Huston, Deborah Lynn
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1990

description: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of ideological perspective-taking training on female identity development. The primary hypothesis of the study was that those subjects engaged in the training sessions would show advancement in identity development that exceeded that of normal adolescent development. Ninety-eight subjects were pretested for the study. Attrition due to elimination during prescreening and failure to complete the training phase of the study left 50 subjects. Participants were assigned to a treatment group, an engaged control group, or a maturational control group. Both the treatment and engaged control groups participated in two sessions a week for a 4-week period. Posttesting was completed during the final week of the study. One-way analysis of variance and a repeated measures analysis of variance were computed on the pretest and posttest scores. There were no significant advances in ideological identity for those participating in the training program. Validity and reliability of the dependent measures are assessed and discussed. Implications for future research are presented.
On the Cauchy problem for the Hartree approximation in quantum dynamics
Creators: name: Carles, Rémi
name: Kammerer, Clotilde Fermanian
name: Lasser, Caroline
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove existence and uniqueness results for the time-dependent Hartree approximation arising in quantum dynamics. The Hartree equations of motion form a coupled system of nonlinear Schr{ö}dinger equations for the evolution of product state approximations. They are a prominent example for dimension reduction in the context of the the time-dependent Dirac-Frenkel variational principle. We handle the case of Coulomb potentials thanks to Strichartz estimates. Our main result addresses a general setting where the nonlinear coupling cannot be considered as a perturbation. The proof uses a recursive construction that is inspired by the standard approach for the Cauchy problem associated to symmetric quasilinear hyperbolic equations.
description: 25 pages
Linearization of a dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator using optical carrier band processing
Creators: name: Torrijos-Morán, Luis
name: Catalá-Lahoz, Cristina
name: Pérez-López, Daniel
name: Xu, Li
name: Tianxiang, Wang
name: Pérez-Galacho, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The linearization of a microwave photonic link based on a dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator is theoretically described and experimentally demonstrated. Up to four different radio frequency tones are considered in the study, which allow us to provide a complete mathematical description of all third-order distortion terms that arise at the photodetector. Simulations show that a complete linearization is obtained by properly tuning the DC bias voltages and processing the optical carrier and. As a result, a suppression of 17 dBm is experimentally obtained for the third-order distortion terms, as well as a SDFR improvement of 3 dB. The proposed linearization method enables the simultaneous modulation of four different signals without the need of additional radio frequency components, which is desirable to its implementation in integrated optics and makes it suitable for several applications in microwave photonics.
title: The Relationship Between Mandatory Divorce Education in Utah and the Level of Postdivorce Parental Conflict
Creators: name: Criddle, Monte N.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1999

description: The purpose of this study was to determine if there was an association between current level of conflict between divorced parents and their attendance or nonattendance at the divorce education pilot program. A telephone interview was used to examine current level of postdivorce conflict. The first portion of the telephone interview used questions that were taken from the Family of Origin Scale (FOS). Questions were selected as they related to various stages of divorce. The second portion of the questionnaire obtained sociodemographic data. as well as information regarding relitigation. The telephone interview was administered to 160 individuals who participated in the divorce education pilot program and to 59 individuals who did not participate.
Hypothesis one stated that attendance at the divorce education program will not be associated with the current level of postdivorce conflict. This hypothesis was rejected as a statistically significant association between postdivorce conflict and class attendance was demonstrated. Both males and females in the nonattendance group had higher mean conflict scores than the attendance group. Also, females in both groups had higher mean conflict scores than their male counterparts.
Hypothesis two stated that attendance at the divorce education program will not be associated with the number of custody and visitation legal issues since the initial custody arrangement. Hypothesis two was also rejected as attendance at the divorce education class was found to be weakly associated with whether a subject will return to court or not. A demographic summary for subjects returning to court was also created.
The need for continued research on postdivorce conflict was addressed. The theoretical implications of the study were highlighted. as well as other recommendations concerning the role of marriage and family therapists who work with families experiencing divorce.
Resolution of complex fluorescence spectra of lipids and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor by multivariate analysis reveals protein-mediated effects on the receptor's immediate lipid microenvironment
Creators: name: Wenz, Jorge J
name: Barrantes, Francisco J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analysis of fluorescent spectra from complex biological systems containing various fluorescent probes with overlapping emission bands is a challenging task. Valuable information can be extracted from the full spectra, however, by using multivariate analysis (MA) of measurements at different wavelengths. We applied MA to spectral data of purified Torpedo nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR) protein reconstituted into liposomes made up of dioleoylphosphatidic acid (DOPA) and dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC) doped with two extrinsic fluorescent probes (NBD-cholesterol/pyrene-PC). Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) was observed between the protein and pyrene-PC and between pyrene-PC and NBD-cholesterol, leading to overlapping emission bands. Partial least squares analysis was applied to ...
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
title: Factors Predictive of Commitment to Invest in Marriage
Creators: name: Gilchrist, Randy A.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1999

description: Research for this thesis investigated factors predictive of how committed married couples are to make positive efforts for their marriage. Respondents consisted of 72 husbands and wives from a semi-urban area. For each gender, correlations were conducted between marital commitment to invest and egalitarian ism, decision-making power, and conflict communication style. Finally, regress ions were conducted with these measures and nine demographic variables.
As projected, commitment to invest in marriage correlated negatively with husband demand-withdrawal communication and positively with husband and wife mutually constructive communication. The stepwise regression predicting husband commitment to invest included demand-withdrawal communication and total months knowing one's spouse. For wives, the regress ion consisted of mutually constructive communication. Finally, the couple regress ion included mutually constructive communication and total months knowing one's spouse. The main implication of this thesis is that conflict communication styles may be assessed for and incorporated into marital therapy because of their possible saliency with commitment to invest.
Electron-lattice instabilities suppress cuprate-like electronic structures in SrFeO$_3$/SrTiO$_3$ superlattices
Creators: name: Rondinelli, James M.
name: Spaldin, Nicola A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using {\it ab initio} density functional theory we explore the behavior of thin layers of metallic $d^4$ SrFeO$_3$ confined between the $d^0$ dielectric SrTiO$_3$ in a superlattice geometry. We find the presence of insulating SrTiO$_3$ spacer layers strongly affects the electronic properties of SrFeO$_3$: For single SrFeO$_3$ layers constrained to their bulk cubic structure, the Fermi surface is two-dimensional, nested and resembles the hole-doped superconducting cuprates. A Jahn-Teller instability couples to an octahedral tilt mode, however, to remove this degeneracy resulting in insulating superlattices.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
On the role of reduced habitat in the phase transition of a stochastic model for seed dispersal
Creators: name: Coletti, Cristian F.
name: Marić, Nevena
name: Rodriguez, Pablo M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60J80, 60J85, 92D25

description: Habitat loss is one of the biggest threats facing plant species nowadays. We formulate a simple mathematical model of seed dispersal on reduced habitats to discuss survival of the species in relation to the habitat size and seeds production rate. Seeds get dispersed around the mother plant via several agents in a random way. In our model seeds landing sites are distributed according to a homogeneous Poisson point process with a constant rate on $\mathbb{R}$. We will assume that each seed will successfully germinate and grow into a new plant with the same characteristics as the mother plant. The time is discrete, scaled according to generations of plants or can represent years, since annual plants go through an entire growing cycle during one year. Then we will assume there are two symmetric barriers with respect to the origin and consider that the growth can not evolve past the barriers. Imposing barriers correspond to the physical limitation of the habitat. We appeal to tools of Probability Theory to formalize and study such a model, which can be seen as a discrete-time one-dimensional branching random walk with barriers. By means of coupling techniques and the comparison with suitably constructed multi-type branching processes we localize the critical parameter of the process around which there is survival with positive probability or extinction almost surely. In addition, we consider a discrete-space version of the model for which exact results are also obtained.
Parameter-Parallel Distributed Variational Quantum Algorithm
Creators: name: Niu, Yun-Fei
name: Zhang, Shuo
name: Ding, Chen
name: Bao, Wan-Su
name: Huang, He-Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) have emerged as a promising near-term technique to explore practical quantum advantage on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. However, the inefficient parameter training process due to the incompatibility with backpropagation and the cost of a large number of measurements, posing a great challenge to the large-scale development of VQAs. Here, we propose a parameter-parallel distributed variational quantum algorithm (PPD-VQA), to accelerate the training process by parameter-parallel training with multiple quantum processors. To maintain the high performance of PPD-VQA in the realistic noise scenarios, a alternate training strategy is proposed to alleviate the acceleration attenuation caused by noise differences among multiple quantum processors, which is an unavoidable common problem of distributed VQA. Besides, the gradient compression is also employed to overcome the potential communication bottlenecks. The achieved results suggest that the PPD-VQA could provide a practical solution for coordinating multiple quantum processors to handle large-scale real-word applications.
Exact and efficient Lanczos method on a quantum computer
Creators: name: Kirby, William
name: Motta, Mario
name: Mezzacapo, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an algorithm that uses block encoding on a quantum computer to exactly construct a Krylov space, which can be used as the basis for the Lanczos method to estimate extremal eigenvalues of Hamiltonians. While the classical Lanczos method has exponential cost in the system size to represent the Krylov states for quantum systems, our efficient quantum algorithm achieves this in polynomial time and memory. The construction presented is exact in the sense that the resulting Krylov space is identical to that of the Lanczos method, so the only approximation with respect to the exact method is due to finite sample noise. This is possible because, unlike previous quantum Krylov methods, our algorithm does not require simulating real or imaginary time evolution. We provide an explicit error bound for the resulting ground state energy estimate in the presence of noise. For our method to be successful efficiently, the only requirement on the input problem is that the overlap of the initial state with the true ground state must be $Ω(1/\text{poly}(n))$ for $n$ qubits.
description: 33 pages, 9 figures; minor corrections and new numerics included in this version
title: Preparation for Caregiving by Parents of Children with Disabilities: An Exploratory Study
Creators: name: Hafen, McArthur
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1999

description: Older adults who provide care for an adult child with a disability have rarely been considered in the planning and preparation literature. As they grow older, these adults face the challenge of arranging care for their dependent children and for themselves. This study investigated influences on planning for one's own future care.
Results indicated that parents who prepared for their adult child's future care were more likely to prepare for their own care. When compared to adults without a dependent child, parents caring for an adult child with a disability were equally likely to plan for their own future care.
State-independent quantum violation of noncontextuality in four dimensional space using five observables and two settings
Creators: name: Pan, Alok Kumar
name: Home, Dipankar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, a striking experimental demonstration [G. Kirchmair \emph{et al.}, Nature, \textbf{460}, 494(2009)] of the state-independent quantum mechanical violation of non-contextual realist models has been reported for any two-qubit state using suitable choices of \emph{nine} product observables and \emph{six} different measurement setups. In this report, a considerable simplification of such a demonstration is achieved by formulating a scheme that requires only \emph{five} product observables and \emph{two} different measurement setups. It is also pointed out that the relevant empirical data already available in the experiment by Kirchmair \emph{et al.} corroborate the violation of the NCR models in accordance with our proof.
Magnetoasymmetric transport in a mesoscopic interferometer: From the weak to the strong coupling regime
Creators: name: Lim, Jong Soo
name: Sanchez, David
name: Lopez, Rosa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The microreversibility principle implies that the conductance of a two-terminal Aharonov-Bohm interferometer is an even function of the applied magnetic flux. Away from linear response, however, this symmetry is not fulfilled and the conductance phase of the interferometer when a quantum dot is inserted in one of its arms can be a continuous function of the bias voltage. Such magnetoasymmetries have been investigated in related mesoscopic systems and arise as a consequence of the asymetric response of the internal potential of the conductor out of equilibrium. Here we discuss magnetoasymmetries in quantum-dot Aharonov-Bohm interferometers when strong electron-electron interactions are taken into account beyond the mean-field approach. We find that at very low temperatures the asymmetric element of the differential conductance shows an abrupt change for voltages around the Fermi level. At higher temperatures we recover a smooth variation of the magnetoasymmetry as a function of the bias. We illustrate our results with the aid of the electron occupation at the dot, demonstrating that its nonequilibrium component is an asymmetric function of the flux even to lowest order in voltage. We also calculate the magnetoasymmetry of the current-current correlations (the noise) and find that it is given, to a good extent, by the magnetoasymmetry of the weakly nonlinear conductance term. Therefore, both magnetoasymmetries (noise and conductance) are related to each other via a higher-order fluctuation-dissipation relation. This result appears to be true even in the low temperature regime, where Kondo physics and many-body effects dominate the transport properties.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures
Planar Modeling and Sim-to-Real of a Tethered Multimaterial Soft Swimmer Driven by Peano-HASELs
Creators: name: Gravert, Stephan-Daniel
name: Michelis, Mike Y.
name: Rogler, Simon
name: Tscholl, Dario
name: Buchner, Thomas
name: Katzschmann, Robert K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Soft robotics has the potential to revolutionize robotic locomotion, in particular, soft robotic swimmers offer a minimally invasive and adaptive solution to explore and preserve our oceans. Unfortunately, current soft robotic swimmers are vastly inferior to evolved biological swimmers, especially in terms of controllability, efficiency, maneuverability, and longevity. Additionally, the tedious iterative fabrication and empirical testing required to design soft robots has hindered their optimization. In this work, we tackle this challenge by providing an efficient and straightforward pipeline for designing and fabricating soft robotic swimmers equipped with electrostatic actuation. We streamline the process to allow for rapid additive manufacturing, and show how a differentiable simulation can be used to match a simplified model to the real deformation of a robotic swimmer. We perform several experiments with the fabricated swimmer by varying the voltage and actuation frequency of the swimmer's antagonistic muscles. We show how the voltage and frequency vary the locomotion speed of the swimmer while moving in liquid oil and observe a clear optimum in forward swimming speed. The differentiable simulation model we propose has various downstream applications, such as control and shape optimization of the swimmer; optimization results can be directly mapped back to the real robot through our sim-to-real matching.
description: Published at IROS 2022. Stephan-Daniel Gravert and Mike Y. Michelis contributed equally to this work
A prescription for the asteroseismic surface correction
Creators: name: Li, Yaguang
name: Bedding, Timothy R.
name: Stello, Dennis
name: Huber, Daniel
name: Hon, Marc
name: Joyce, Meridith
name: Li, Tanda
name: Perkins, Jean
name: White, Timothy R.
name: Zinn, Joel C.
name: Howard, Andrew W.
name: Isaacson, Howard
name: Hey, Daniel R.
name: Kjeldsen, Hans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In asteroseismology, the surface effect refers to a disparity between the observed and the modelled frequencies in stars with solar-like oscillations. It originates from improper modelling of the surface layers. Correcting the surface effect usually requires using functions with free parameters, which are conventionally fitted to the observed frequencies. On the basis that the correction should vary smoothly across the H--R diagram, we parameterize it as a simple function of surface gravity, effective temperature, and metallicity. We determine this function by fitting a wide range of stars. The absolute amount of the surface correction decreases with luminosity, but the ratio between it and $ν_{\rm max}$ increases, suggesting the surface effect is more important for red giants than dwarfs. Applying the prescription can eliminate unrealistic surface correction, which improves parameter estimations with stellar modelling. Using two open clusters, we found a reduction of scatter in the model-derived ages for each star in the same cluster. As an important application, we provide a new revision for the $Δν$ scaling relation that, for the first time, accounts for the surface correction. The values of the correction factor, $f_{Δν}$, are up to 2\% smaller than those determined without the surface effect considered, suggesting decreases of up to 4\% in radii and up to 8\% in masses when using the asteroseismic scaling relations. This revision brings the asteroseismic properties into an agreement with those determined from eclipsing binaries. The new correction factor and the stellar models with the corrected frequencies are available at {https://www.github.com/parallelpro/surface}.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures. Accepted by MNRAS
title: The Influence of Video and Peer Tutoring on Attitudes of High School Students Towards Peers with Disabilities
Creators: name: Hammond, Marilyn
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1999

description: This study measured the effectiveness of watching a motivational videotape and completing one semester of peer tutoring on changing high school students' attitudes towards their peers with disabilities. Attitudes were measured with the Scale of Attitudes Toward Disabled Persons (SADP), administered to classrooms in two randomly selected high schools before and after viewing the video. The SADP was administered to a different sample of students before and after completing one semester of tutoring peers with disabilities. Peer tutors also completed one-page weekly journals. Responses from all participating students were compared between the pre- and postassessments using paired t tests.
Seven attitudinal scales were derived from a factor analysis of the 24 items that compose the SADP. Two of the subscales (self-determination and community) were statistically significant, both in a positive direction for the treatment groups. The self determination subscale assesses attitudes about whether people with disabilities are competent. The community subscale assesses attitudes toward group homes in residential areas. Results from the videotape treatment group only were similar, with statistical significance for the same measures, while with the peer tutor group, statistical significance was found only with self-determination.
Two questions were included on the SADP about intentions to peer tutor. After participating in the videotape treatment, the percentage of students willing to peer tutor increased, the number of students who were not willing to peer tutor decreased, while the students who were ambivalent stayed about the same. Females were found to be more accepting of people with disabilities, scoring higher than males on positive attitudinal measures and lower on most negative measures.
The peer tutor journals provided a more in-depth examination of student attitudes. Peer tutoring increased comfort levels around people with disabilities for some students. Some students felt better about themselves. Several tutors reported that they became friends with the people they were tutoring. A few students expressed frustration with the person they were tutoring. Others wrote comments about how their perceptions of what people with disabilities can do changed positively.
Effects of temperature on the growth and development of Pisum sativum L. cultivar Dark Skin Perfection
Creators: name: Stanfield, Barrie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Effects of day/night temperature regimes ranging from 45/40 to 90/75°F on growth and development of Dark Skin Perfection peas were studied in controlled-environment cabinets. Light intensity was about 1500 foot-candles and the photoperiod was 16 hours. Rate of plant development, in terms of nodes produced per day, increased steadily as the average temperature increased. Rate of stem elongation, however, was most rapid at 70/55°F; and plant height was greatest at 60/50°F. On a dry matter accumulation per day basis, vine growth decreased above and below a temperature optimum which shifted from 70/60 to 60/50°F in the course of plant development. Tillering was most prolific at the lower temperatures and was absent at 90°F. Pea yield decreased as temperature increased above 60/50°F, due mainly to a reduction in the number of pods per plant. The number of peas per pod was decreased by high day/high night-temperature treatments and by high day temperature treatments imposed prior to full bloom. The combination of high day and high night temperatures caused an increase in the number of nodes to the first flower, whereas number of nodes to the first flower was decreased at the very low temperatures. Percent dry matter of plants was markedly increased at 45/40°F.
Calorimetry for active systems
Creators: name: Dolai, Pritha
name: Maes, Christian
name: Netočný, Karel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide the theoretical basis of calorimetry for a class of active particles subject to thermal noise. Simulating AC-calorimetry, we numerically evaluate the heat capacity of run-and-tumble particles in double-well and in periodic potentials, and of systems with a flashing potential. Low-temperature Schottky-like peaks show the role of activity and indicate shape transitions, while regimes of negative heat capacity appear at higher propulsion speeds. From there, a significant increase in heat capacities of active systems may be inferred at low temperatures, as well as the possibility of diagnostic tools for the activity of self-motile artificial or biomimetic systems based on heat capacity measurements.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures
title: Promoting Life Management Skills to Enhance Employment among Women Receiving Services from the Division of Workforce Services
Creators: name: Cheek, Cheryl
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1999

description: Erikson's theory of identity development and Marcia's model of identity statuses serve as a framework for this examination of the relationship between women's identity status and employment. The hypotheses of the study were that women with an achieved identity status would be more likely to obtain and retain employment and that interventions would increase their scores on identity-related subscales.
Phase I of this study examined the relationship between identity development and employment among 203 women receiving public assistance. Subjects provided employment and public assistance histories and were categorized into three preferred cognitive styles according to responses to the Berzonsky Cognitive Style Inventory: Information Orientation (characterized by active searching and evaluation of relevant information prior to decision making/problem solving); Nonnative Orientation (characterized by a passive approach to decision making/problem solving which reties upon the opinions of significant others), and Diffuse Orientation (decision making/problem solving characterized by procrastination and avoidance). Information-and Nonnative-oriented respondents reported just over one year of public assistance ( 15 .05 and 14.21 months, respectively), while the Diffuse-oriented respondents had utilized public assistance in excess of three years (37.20 months). Diffuse-oriented respondents also reported changing jobs more frequently during the previous 12 months than Information- and Normative-oriented respondents, although no differences were found among the three groups in months employed.
Phase 2 of this study used a quasi-experimental design to examine the effectiveness of interventions to affect employment and scores on the subscales of the Berzonsky Cognitive Style Inventory, as measured by the BCSI subscale scores. Results indicated that there were mixed differences in the pretest and 12-week followup scores of the intervention group on the subscales. However, there were more marked statistically significant differences in the number of hours worked per week and the percentage of the intervention group employed when comparing the pretest and the 12- week post intervention data. The results indicate that while the interventions were less effective in changing identity status than had been hypothesized, they were effective in assisting participants to obtain employment.
MaRCoS, an open-source electronic control system for low-field MRI
Creators: name: Negnevitsky, Vlad
name: Vives-Gilabert, Yolanda
name: Algarín, José M.
name: Craven-Brightman, Lincoln
name: Pellicer-Guridi, Rubén
name: O'Reilly, Thomas
name: Stockmann, Jason P.
name: Webb, Andrew
name: Alonso, Joseba
name: Menküc, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Every magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) device requires an electronic control system that handles pulse sequences and signal detection and processing. Here we provide details on the architecture and performance of MaRCoS, a MAgnetic Resonance COntrol System developed by an open international community of low-field MRI researchers. MaRCoS is inexpensive and can handle cycle-accurate sequences without hard length limitations, rapid bursts of events, and arbitrary waveforms. It can also be easily adapted to meet further specifications required by the various academic and private institutions participating in its development. We describe the MaRCoS hardware, firmware and software that enable all of the above, including a Python-based graphical user interface for pulse sequence implementation, data processing and image reconstruction.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
title: Clinical Homework Directives: A Qualitative Exploratory Study
Creators: name: Harker, Emil F.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2000

description: A qualitative study was conducted to better understand how marriage and family therapists use homework directives in their work with couples. Eleven therapists of different marital therapy orientations were interviewed. Remarkably, all of the therapists reported using clinical homework directives in their practice with couples, including those clinicians who primarily identify themselves with psychodynamic models- -models that do not typically include homework in their constructs. Four themes emerged as to why homework is given: (a) to augment or extend the therapy session outside of therapy, (b) to help the clients focus on the therapy process between session, (c) to assess client problems or dynamics for the therapist and the client, and (d) to communicate clients' responsibility for change. Themes concerning the types of homework clients used are (a) behavioral--specific physical actions to do between sessions; (b) communication exercises; (c) writing assignments; and (d) combinations of behaviors, communication exercises, or writing assignments. Results also indicate that most of the therapists in the study subscribe to more than one model of therapy in their clinical work with couples.
JWST reveals a population of ultra-red, flattened disk galaxies at 2
Creators: name: Nelson, Erica J.
name: Suess, Katherine A.
name: Bezanson, Rachel
name: Price, Sedona H.
name: van Dokkum, Pieter
name: Leja, Joel
name: Whitaker, Bingjie Wang Katherine E.
name: Labbé, Ivo
name: Barrufet, Laia
name: Brammer, Gabriel
name: Eisenstein, Daniel J.
name: Heintz, Kasper E.
name: Johnson, Benjamin D.
name: Mathews, Elijah
name: Miller, Tim B.
name: Oesch, Pascal A.
name: Sandles, Lester
name: Setton, David J.
name: Speagle, Joshua S.
name: Tacchella, Sandro
name: Tadaki, Ken-ichi
name: Weaver, Hannah Übler John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With just a month of data, JWST is already transforming our view of the Universe, revealing and resolving starlight in unprecedented populations of galaxies. Although ``HST-dark" galaxies have previously been detected at long wavelengths, these observations generally suffer from a lack of spatial resolution which limits our ability to characterize their sizes and morphologies. Here we report on a first view of starlight from a subset of the HST-dark population that are bright with JWST/NIRCam (4.4$μ$m<24.5mag) and very faint or even invisible with HST ($<$1.6$μ$m). In this Letter we focus on a dramatic and unanticipated population of physically extended galaxies ($\gtrsim$0.17''). These 12 galaxies have photometric redshifts $2