cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Subgenomic and Total RNA in SARS-CoV-2 Challenged Rhesus Macaques
Creators: name: Carnahan, Robert H.
name: Crowe, James E.
name: Hou, Yixuan J.
name: Nkolola, Joseph P.
name: Mercado, Noe B.
name: Barouch, Dan H.
name: Martinez, David R.
name: Dagotto, Gabriel
name: Baric, Ralph S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Respiratory virus challenge studies involve administration of the challenge virus and sampling to assess for protection from the same anatomical locations. It can therefore be difficult to differentiate actively replicating virus from input challenge virus. For SARS-CoV-2, specific monitoring of actively replicating virus is critical to investigate the protective and therapeutic efficacy of vaccines, monoclonal antibodies, and antiviral drugs. We developed a SARS-CoV-2 subgenomic RNA (sgRNA) RT-PCR assay to differentiate productive infection from inactivated or neutralized virus. Subgenomic RNAs are generated after cell entry and are poorly incorporate into mature virions, and thus may provide a marker for actively replicating virus. We show envelope (E) sgRNA was degraded by RNase in infected cell lysates, while genomic RNA (gRNA) was protected, presumably due to packaging into virions. To investigate the capacity of the sgRNA assay to distinguish input challenge virus from actively replicating virus in vivo, we compared the E sgRNA assay to a standard nucleoprotein (N) or E total RNA assay in convalescent rhesus macaques and in antibody-treated rhesus macaques after experimental SARS-CoV-2 challenge. In both studies, the E sgRNA assay was negative, suggesting protective efficacy, whereas the N and E total RNA assays remained positive. These data suggest the potential utility of sgRNA to monitor actively replicating virus in prophylactic and therapeutic SARS-CoV-2 studies. Importance: Developing therapeutic and prophylactic countermeasures for the SARS-CoV-2 virus is a public health priority. During challenge studies, respiratory viruses are delivered and sampled from the same anatomical location. It is therefore important to distinguish actively replicating virus from input challenge virus. The most common assay for detecting SARS-CoV-2 virus, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) targeting nucleocapsid total RNA, cannot distinguish neutralized input virus from replicating virus. In this study, we assess SARS-CoV-2 subgenomic RNA as a potential measure of replicating virus in rhesus macaques.
(552) David Guthrie
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Neutrino properties from ultra-high energy cosmic neutrinos
Creators: name: Huang, Yanqi
name: Ma, Bo-Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutrino properties can be constrained by the detection of ultra-high energy cosmic neutrinos (UHECNs). By using the updated global fitting results of neutrino mixing parameters, we present predictions on the neutrino flavor ratios at the Earth from three possibly astrophysical sources. Comparing with the latest IceCube data, we find that the normal hierarchy (NH) and inverted hierarchy (IH) cases from the initial ratios $ϕ_{ν_e}^0:ϕ_{ν_μ}^0:ϕ_{ν_τ}^0=$1:2:0 and 0:1:0 are compatible with the data in the standard neutrino oscillation scenario. We also examine the neutrino flavor ratios in a neutrino decay scenario beyond the standard model, and introduce the special case that two mass eigenstates of neutrinos, i.e., $ν_1$ and $ν_2$, are degenerated. We find that the IH case and the degenerate NH case from the 1:2:0 and 0:1:0 sources are still permissible with the IceCube data within the $3σ$ error range. The general constraints only rely on the neutrino mixing and oscillation framework are also discussed.
description: 5 latex pages, 3 figures, version for publication
Supplementary document for Optical Pulling and Pushing Forces via Bloch Surface Waves - 5948300.pdf
Creators: name: Kostina, Nataliia
name: Petrov, Mihail
name: Bobrovs, Vjaceslavs
name: Shalin, Alexander
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental document with additional optical force calculations
Campylodiscus decorus Brebisson 1854
Creators: name: Al-Handal, Adil Y.
name: Thomas, Evan W.
name: Pennesi, Chiara
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Ochrophyta
Bacillariophyceae
Surirellales
Surirellaceae
Campylodiscus
Campylodiscus decorus

description: Campylodiscus decorus Brébisson (1854: 251) (Fig. 106)
 References: Desikachary 1988, pl. 482, figs 6, 12; Witkowski et al. 2000, p. 412, pl. 214, fig. 15.
 Features: Diameter 90–120 μm, costae 2–3 in 10 μm.
 Description: Valves nearly circular slightly bent. Costae covers most of valve face leaving a narrow axial area which reach valve margins. Valve face with short spines.
 Remarks: Characterized by long uninterrupted costae extending from valve margin to the axial area, which is linear and narrow, with short spines in between. Based on molecular analysis, this species has been transferred to the genus Coronia Ehrenberg (1840: 59) to become Coronia decora (Brébisson) Ruck & Guiry (2016: 2).
 Ecology and Distribution: A wide spread marine species. Not reported previously from the Gulf. Frequent in Basra corals.
description: Published as part of Al-Handal, Adil Y., Thomas, Evan W. & Pennesi, Chiara, 2018, Marine benthic diatoms in the newly discovered coral reefs, off Basra coast, Southern Iraq, pp. 111-152 in Phytotaxa 372 (2) on page 143, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.372.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13728822
Genetic Dissection of the Regulatory Mechanisms of Ace2 in the Infected Mouse Lung
Creators: name: Cui, Y.
name: Lu, L.
name: Gao, J.
name: Sims, A.C.
name: Ashbrook, D.G.
name: Bergmann, S.
name: Schughart, K.
name: Li, K.
name: Xu, F.
name: Baric, R.S.
name: Williams, R.W.
name: Jonsson, C.B.
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2021

description: Acute lung injury (ALI) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality after viral infections, including influenza A virus H1N1, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2. The angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a key host membrane-bound protein that modulates ALI induced by viral infection, pulmonary acid aspiration, and sepsis. However, the contributions of ACE2 sequence variants to individual differences in disease risk and severity after viral infection are not understood. In this study, we quantified H1N1 influenza-infected lung transcriptomes across a family of 41 BXD recombinant inbred strains of mice and both parents—C57BL/6J and DBA/2J. In response to infection Ace2 mRNA levels decreased significantly for both parental strains and the expression levels was associated with disease severity (body weight loss) and viral load (expression levels of viral NA segment) across the BXD family members. Pulmonary RNA-seq for 43 lines was analyzed using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and Bayesian network approaches. Ace2 not only participated in virus-induced ALI by interacting with TNF, MAPK, and NOTCH signaling pathways, but was also linked with high confidence to gene products that have important functions in the pulmonary epithelium, including Rnf128, Muc5b, and Tmprss2. Comparable sets of transcripts were also highlighted in parallel studies of human SARS-CoV-infected primary human airway epithelial cells. Using conventional mapping methods, we determined that weight loss at two and three days after viral infection maps to chromosome X—the location of Ace2. This finding motivated the hierarchical Bayesian network analysis, which defined molecular endophenotypes of lung infection linked to Ace2 expression and to a key disease outcome. Core members of this Bayesian network include Ace2, Atf4, Csf2, Cxcl2, Lif, Maml3, Muc5b, Reg3g, Ripk3, and Traf3. Collectively, these findings define a causally-rooted Ace2 modulatory network relevant to host response to viral infection and identify potential therapeutic targets for virus-induced respiratory diseases, including those caused by influenza and coronaviruses.
SYNTHESIS, STRUCTURAL INVESTIGATION AND BIOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF CONFORMATIONALLY CONSTRAINED PEPTIDOMIMETICS
Creators: name: AIRAGHI, FRANCESCO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2013

description: This Ph.D. thesis is located in the medicinal chemistry research field. Peptides are among the most studied entities as potential drug candidates, due to their natural abundance and biological implications. However, as drugs they possess several disadvantages because of low bioavailability and short half-life. Peptidomimetics try to overcome such drawbacks, maintaining meanwhile the biological activity. These mimics can also be useful to define bioactive forms of natural peptides, for instance through insertion of conformational constrictions able to reduce the peptide inherent flexibility. Thus, I explored the synthesis and the evaluation of some conformationally constrained peptidomimetics which potentially could be employed into different scientific fields and pharmaceutical contexts. Once prepared these scaffolds, I evaluated their secondary structure by means of spectroscopic methods including NMR and IR techniques. After insertion into more complex structures, strictly related to biologically active compounds, I verified their therapeutic potential. In some cases I could achieve very interesting biological results, in the range of activity of the natural corresponding peptides or of the reference lead compounds. I also tried to rationalize the biological activity outcomes, by joining them with molecular mechanics and docking-based structural investigation.
The Role of Antibiotics in the Management of Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in the Outpatient Setting
Creators: name: Zheng, Bo
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2023
Subjects: COPD
exacerbations
antibiotics

description: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an illness characterized by progressive respiratory symptoms and frequent exacerbations. Acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) are mostly treated in the outpatient setting and the use of antibiotics for this patient population remains controversial. This thesis aimed to explore the role of antibiotics in the outpatient management of AECOPD through two studies. The first study was a systematic review of randomized controlled trials examining the impact of antibiotics on the outcome of treatment failure in outpatients with AECOPD. Meta-analysis was conducted using both frequentist random effects and Bayesian analyses. The second study was a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort of patients with AECOPD discharged from the emergency department. The association between antibiotic treatment and the outcome of rehospitalization within 14 days of discharge was examined using logistic regression and propensity score matched analyses. In the systematic review and meta-analysis, both frequentist random effects and Bayesian analyses revealed a high likelihood of benefit for antibiotics. In the secondary analysis, there was no association between treatment with antibiotics and rehospitalization however due to a small sample size and a low event rate, there was considerable risk of Type II error. Overall, when considering the results of these two studies in the context of previous literature, treatment with antibiotics likely provides a modest benefit in the outpatient management of AECOPD.
Vacuum Rabi spectra of a single quantum emitter
Creators: name: Ota, Yasutomo
name: Ohta, Ryuichi
name: Kumagai, Naoto
name: Iwamoto, Satoshi
name: Arakawa, Yasuhiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the observation of the vacuum Rabi splitting of a single quantum emitter by measuring its direct spontaneous emission into free space. We used a semiconductor quantum dot inside a photonic crystal nanocavity, in conjunction with an appropriate cavity design and filtering with a polarizer and an aperture, enabling the extraction of the inherently-weak emitter's signal. The emitter's vacuum Rabi spectra exhibit clear differences to those measured by detecting the cavity photon leakage. Moreover, we observed an asymmetric vacuum Rabi spectrum induced by interference between the emitter and cavity detection channels. Our observations lay the groundwork for accessing various cavity quantum electrodynamics phenomena that manifest themselves only in the emitter's direct spontaneous emission.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
Bioactive exopolysaccharide from Neopestalotiopsis sp. strain SKE15: Production, characterization and optimization
Creators: name: Heravi, Majid Mommahed
name: Tayebeh Fooladi
name: Soudi, Mohammad Reza
name: Nayyereh Alimadadi
name: Savedoroudi, Parisa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 30302 Nanochemistry and Supramolecular Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30502 Natural Products Chemistry
subject: 30205 Non-metal Chemistry
subject: Nuclear Chemistry
subject: 30303 Optical Properties of Materials
subject: 30503 Organic Chemical Synthesis
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: 30599 Organic Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: 30504 Organic Green Chemistry
subject: 39904 Organometallic Chemistry

description: Fungal exopolysaccharides are powerful resources of medicinal applications. Neopestalotiopsis sp. SKE15 was isolated and identified according to phenotypical and genotypical analyses (GenBank Accession No. MG649986). The exopolysaccharide (EPS) was produced by cultivation of mycelia in broth culture and extracted. The production was optimized to 2.02 g/l after selection of agitation, temperature, FeSO 4 and K 2 HPO 4 concentrations as the most influencing factors using Placket-Burman design and then by applying response surface methodology. Analytical Tools showed that the EPS is composed of a polysaccharide (1.5–2.1 × 10 6 Da) and its probable low molecular weight derivatives, in a wide range of chain lengths, among them an oligosaccharide of about 1970 Da was dominant. GC–MS (Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry) analysis revealed the EPS was mainly constructed from D-glucose, sorbitol and D-galactose. The EPS showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl) and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity assays showed strong antioxidant activity of the EPS. A challenge with three different cancerous cell lines showed cytotoxic activity of the EPS at final concentration of 100 and 200 μg/ml. Further investigation on medicinal applications of the biopolymer is promising.
LA MOBILITAZIONE DEI FAMILIARI DI DESAPARECIDOS IN MESSICO E LA �GUERRA AL NARCOTRAFFICO�. IL CASO DEL COLLETTIVO FUUNDEC-M.
Creators: name: AURELIANI, THOMAS
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2020

description: La tesi vuole indagare le condizioni che favoriscono l?attivismo dei familiari delle vittime in contesti ad alto-rischio attraverso l?analisi del processo di mobilitazione di questo tipo di attori sociali. A partire dalla cornice teorica di stampo sociologico relativa allo studio dei movimenti sociali, questo elaborato mira a costruire una risposta multifattoriale mediante una triplice prospettiva centrata sul contesto socio-politico (macro), sugli attori e i networks (meso) e sull?individuo (micro). La ricerca � basata sull?approfondimento di un singolo caso studio: Fuerzas Unidas por Nuestros Desaparecidos en Coahuila y en M�xico ? FUUNDEC-M, un collettivo di familiari di vittime di sparizione forzata nato e sviluppatosi nello stato messicano nord-orientale di Coahuila, una regione caratterizzata dalla presenza della criminalit� organizzata e da alti livelli di violenza, impunit� e corruzione politico-istituzionale.
Supplementary document for Optical Pulling and Pushing Forces via Bloch Surface Waves - 5853753.pdf
Creators: name: Kostina, Nataliia
name: Petrov, Mihail
name: Bobrovs, Vjaceslavs
name: Shalin, Alexander
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplementary figures and calculations
Neutrino Masses and Flavor Mixing
Creators: name: Fritzsch, Harald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the neutrino oscillations, using texture zero mass matrices for the leptons. The reactor mixing angle $θ^{}_{l}$ is calculated. The ratio of the masses of two neutrinos is determined by the solar mixing angle. We can calculate the masses of the three neutrinos: $m_1$ $\approx$ 0.003 eV - $m_2$ $\approx$ 0.012 eV - $m_3$ $\approx$ 0.048 eV.
description: 8 pages, no figures, contribution to International Conference on Massive Neutrinos, Singapore, 9 - 13 February 2015
Broad and potent activity against SARS-like viruses by an engineered human monoclonal antibody
Creators: name: Gralinski, Lisa E.
name: Tse, Longping V.
name: Battles, Michael B.
name: Voss, James E.
name: Yockachonis, Thomas J.
name: Belk, Jonathan
name: Deveau, Laura M.
name: Nemazee, David
name: Brown, Michael E.
name: Huang, Deli
name: Rappazzo, C. Garrett
name: Hou, Yixuan
name: Burton, Dennis R.
name: Scobey, Trevor D.
name: Gunn, Bronwyn M.
name: Geoghegan, James C.
name: Kaku, Chengzi I.
name: Wrapp, Daniel
name: Yang, Linlin
name: Herbert, Andrew S.
name: Baric, Ralph S.
name: O'Brien, Cecilia M.
name: Walker, Laura M.
name: Sakharkar, Mrunal
name: McLellan, Jason S.
name: Peng, Linghang
name: Dye, John M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: The recurrent zoonotic spillover of coronaviruses (CoVs) into the human population underscores the need for broadly active countermeasures. We employed a directed evolution approach to engineer three SARS-CoV-2 antibodies for enhanced neutralization breadth and potency. One of the affinity-matured variants, ADG-2, displays strong binding activity to a large panel of sarbecovirus receptor binding domains (RBDs) and neutralizes representative epidemic sarbecoviruses with high potency. Structural and biochemical studies demonstrate that ADG-2 employs a distinct angle of approach to recognize a highly conserved epitope overlapping the receptor binding site. In immunocompetent mouse models of SARS and COVID-19, prophylactic administration of ADG-2 provided complete protection against respiratory burden, viral replication in the lungs, and lung pathology. Altogether, ADG-2 represents a promising broad-spectrum therapeutic candidate against clade 1 sarbecoviruses.
title: Transformation, digitisation and the geography of knowledge
title: Essays on the spacial distribution of the digital economy in Germany
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Hellwig, Vanessa
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Digitale Wirtschaft
subject: Wissenstransfer
subject: Agglomerationsökonomie
subject: 710
subject: Wissenstransfer

description: This dissertation provides empirical analysis and findings on patterns of the spatial development of the digital industry in Germany over time. The results allow conclusions on the spatial dimension and channels of agglomeration economies and the dissemination of knowledge captured by entrepreneurship in a spatial context. The thesis consists of six main chapters at the interface between spatial questions relevant for urban and regional planning by simultaneously applying theory and methodologies derived from urban economics. In this dissertation, the quantitative research setup builds on a unique, tailor-made geocoded firm-level panel dataset of digital firms. The empirical contributions indicate several main takeaways. Digital firm birth is an urban phenomenon. Young firms are dependent on outside resources and favor thick labour markets with highly educated human capital and knowledge sources. These knowledge sources are Higher Education Institutes and similar firms. Hence, policies targeting homogeneous digital clusters based on co-location are conducive to the local growth of the digital sector. This is because localized spillovers (similar knowledge) decay more rapidly with distance than urbanized (general) spillovers. Further, there is no spatial displacement of the industry over long distances. This means that a locations’ own regional entrepreneurial capital is of fundamental importance for the digital sector.
Building a Distributed, Credible and Scalable Research and Data Infrastructure for Open Science
Creators: name: Polishko, Anton
name: Kiulian, Artur
name: Komar, Maksym
name: Tykhonov, Vyacheslav
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: datascience
openscience
NLP
AI
FAIR
COVID-19
machinelearning

description: At CoronaWhy we are building a Common Research and Data Infrastructure for Open Science that can be used by researchers coming from various scientific communities involved in COVID-19 research. This distributed and scaled infrastructure follows Reproducible Science and FAIR principles and should be suitable for other important scientific challenges such as cancer
 and AIDS research. The vision of the community is to build this Artificial Intelligence infrastructure completely from Open Source components and with publicly available ML models like scispaCy developed by AI2 and other organizations. All data should be published and curated in Dataverse where the provenance information is also available for every dataset. To make the pipeline reliable and verified by human experts, we are running two different annotations services, Hypothesis for the evaluation of the statements extracted from COVID-19 related papers and Doccano for Natural Language Processing annotations. Building a Distributed, Credible and Scalable Research and Data Infrastructure for Open Science https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aeS-vzbMm7I
Baseline T cell immune phenotypes predict virologic and disease control upon SARS-CoV infection in Collaborative Cross mice
Creators: name: Lund, Jennifer M.
name: Swarts, Jessica L.
name: Villena, Fernando Pardo-Manuel de
name: Ferris, Martin T.
name: Heise, Mark T.
name: Graham, Jessica B.
name: McWeeney, Shannon K.
name: Jeng, Sophia
name: Leist, Sarah R.
name: Schäfer, Alexandra
name: Mooney, Michael A.
name: Gralinski, Lisa E.
name: Miller, Darla R.
name: Menachery, Vineet D.
name: Baric, Ralph S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed that infection with SARS-CoV-2 can result in a wide range of clinical outcomes in humans. An incomplete understanding of immune correlates of protection represents a major barrier to the design of vaccines and therapeutic approaches to prevent infection or limit disease. This deficit is largely due to the lack of prospectively collected, pre-infection samples from indiviuals that go on to become infected with SARS-CoV-2. Here, we utilized data from genetically diverse Collaborative Cross (CC) mice infected with SARS-CoV to determine whether baseline T cell signatures are associated with a lack of viral control and severe disease upon infection. SARS-CoV infection of CC mice results in a variety of viral load trajectories and disease outcomes. Overall, a dysregulated, pro-inflammatory signature of circulating T cells at baseline was associated with severe disease upon infection. Our study serves as proof of concept that circulating T cell signatures at baseline can predict clinical and virologic outcomes upon SARS-CoV infection. Identification of basal immune predictors in humans could allow for identification of individuals at highest risk of severe clinical and virologic outcomes upon infection, who may thus most benefit from available clinical interventions to restrict infection and disease.
Imaging superatomic molecular orbitals in a ${\bf C_{60}}$ molecule through four 800-nm photons
Creators: name: Zhang, G. P.
name: Zhu, H. P.
name: Bai, Y. H.
name: Bonacum, J.
name: Wu, X. S.
name: George, Thomas F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superatomic molecular orbitals (SAMO) in C60 are ideal building blocks for functional nanostructures. However, imaging them spatially in the gas phase has been unsuccessful. It is found experimentally that if C60 is excited by an 800-nm laser, the photoelectron casts an anisotropic velocity image, but the image becomes isotropic if excited at a 400-nm wavelength. This diffuse image difference has been attributed to electron thermal ionization, but more recent experiments (800 nm) reveal a clear non-diffuse image superimposed on the diffuse image, whose origin remains a mystery. Here we show that the non-diffuse anisotropic image is the precursor of the $f$ SAMO. We predict that four 800-nm photons can directly access the $1f$ SAMO, and with one more photon, can image the orbital, with the photoelectron angular distribution having two maxima at 0$^\circ$ and 180$^\circ$ and two humps separated by 56.5$^\circ$. Since two 400-nm photons only resonantly excite the spherical $1s$ SAMO and four 800-nm photon excite the anisotropic $1f$ SAMO, our finding gives a natural explanation of the non-diffuse image difference, complementing the thermal scenario.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in International Journal of Modern Physics B
Campylodiscus imperialis Greville 1860
Creators: name: Al-Handal, Adil Y.
name: Thomas, Evan W.
name: Pennesi, Chiara
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Ochrophyta
Bacillariophyceae
Surirellales
Surirellaceae
Campylodiscus
Campylodiscus imperialis

description: Campylodiscus imperialis Greville (1860: 30) (Fig. 107)
 References: Schmidt et al. 1875, pl. 53, figs 5, 7; Desikachary 1988, pl. 482, figs 1–3.
 Features: Diameter 50–70 μm, costae 4–5 in 10 μm, internal transapical striae 10–11 in 10 μm.
 Description: Valves orbicular and strongly bent. Marginal costae extends to one third of valve face. Median part orbicular with fine radiating striae. Axial area very narrow.
 Remarks: The internal punctate transapical striae may appear in lines or separate puncta when changing focus.
 Ecology and Distribution: Widely distributed marine species. Not reported previously from the Gulf. Rare in Basra corals.
description: Published as part of Al-Handal, Adil Y., Thomas, Evan W. & Pennesi, Chiara, 2018, Marine benthic diatoms in the newly discovered coral reefs, off Basra coast, Southern Iraq, pp. 111-152 in Phytotaxa 372 (2) on page 144, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.372.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13728822
Enhancement of bulk photovoltaic effect in topological insulators
Creators: name: Tan, Liang Z.
name: Rappe, Andrew M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the shift current bulk photovoltaic response of materials close to a band inversion topological phase transition. We find that the bulk photocurrent reverses direction across the band inversion transition, and that its magnitude is enhanced in the vicinity of the phase transition. These results are demonstrated with first principles DFT calculations of BiTeI and CsPbI$_3$ under hydrostatic pressure, and explained with an analytical model, suggesting that this phenomenon remains robust across disparate material systems.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Rockism in a Poptimist World: Gilmore Girls and “Rock’n’Roll”
Creators: name: Andricopulos, Sophia Maria
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: This thesis examines the mobilization of popular music in the soundtrack and characters’ fan and music-making practices in the TV series Gilmore Girls (2000–2007). I focus on the series’ portrayal of a rock band, Hep Alien, and its drummer, Lane Kim, who is the series’ only developed, non-static character of color. I analyze Lane’s activities in the band and performative musical consumption to contend with the character’s ambivalence toward the gender and racial politics of rock music and fandom. Despite the satirization of rockism—a critical disposition applying the values of raw sincerity, artistic integrity, and rebellious anti-commercialism to all pop music—through genre-based humor, women-centered narratives, and an overall poptimist ethos, the series perpetuates rather than critiques the racial, sexual, and aesthetic hierarchies underlying rockism.
The militant shop floor : radical industrial action in the United Kingdom, 1969-1977
Creators: name: Brown, Jordan
Publisher: name: The University of St Andrews
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Trade unionism
subject: Northern Ireland
subject: The Troubles
subject: Industrial action
subject: Ulster Workers Council
subject: UWC
subject: Upper Clyde Shipbuilders
subject: UCS
subject: Trade unionist
subject: Scottish trade unions
subject: Industrial action in Scotland
subject: Coal miners
subject: Ship builders
subject: National Union of Miners
subject: NUM
subject: British trade unionism
subject: 1970s
subject: HD6664.B87
subject: Ulster Workers Council
subject: Upper Clyde Shipbuilders
subject: Labor unions--Great Britain--History--20th century
subject: General Strike, Northern Ireland, 1974
subject: Northern Ireland--Politics and government--1968-1998

description: The Ulster Workers Council (UWC) in 1974 was a powerful demonstration of militant trade unionism and the ability of trade unionists to deliver significant changes to government policy. The UWC should not be considered a Loyalist paramilitary action but instead an instance of militant trade union activism. During the 1970s, many trade unionist campaigns across the United Kingdom were driven by a desire to overturn government policy. These campaigns were not exclusively concerned about industrial concerns like wages and pensions and instead wanted to harness public opinion to overturn government policy. Organisation like the National Union of Mineworkers (NUM) and the Upper Clyde Shipbuilder (UCS) established tactics that that incorporated dissatisfaction with current societal conditions within a framework of trade unionism. This was paired with an acceptable level of protest. Staying within the boundaries of appropriate activism was vital to maintain public support. Equally the UWC understood that while the conditions of Northern Ireland pushed the boundaries of protest further than in Great Britain, it was still important to remain disciplined. This study will highlight how these similarities between the NUM and UCS proliferated across the Irish Sea to the UWC strike of 1974. The trade unionist backgrounds of the UWC should not be considered merely a footnote but rather the foundation of its success. The UWC’s ability to remove the Sunningdale Agreement with a general strike is one of the biggest achievements of trade unionists during the post-war era. It was not a radical action exclusive to Northern Ireland but instead part of wider increase in shopfloor militancy. This study will illustrate how solidarity can be cultivated beyond the shopfloor and how trade unionists pushed the boundaries of what was considered industrial action.
Classification of Charge Density Waves Based on Their Nature
Creators: name: Zhu, Xuetao
name: Cao, Yanwei
name: Zhang, Jiandi
name: Plummer, E. W.
name: Guo, Jiandong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The concept of a Charge Density Wave (CDW) permeates much of condensed matter physics and chemistry. Conceptually, CDWs have their origin rooted in the instability of a one-dimensional system described by Peierls. The extension of this concept to reduced dimensional systems has led to the concept of Fermi surface nesting (FSN), which dictates the wave vector q_cdw of the CDW and the corresponding lattice distortion. The idea is that segments of the Fermi contours are connected by q_cdw, resulting in the effective screening of phonons inducing Kohn Anomalies in their dispersion at q_cdw, driving a lattice restructuring at low temperatures. There is growing theoretical and experimental evidence that this picture fails in many real systems and in fact it is the momentum dependence of the electron-phonon coupling (EPC) matrix element that determines the characteristic of CDW phase (q_cdw). Here, based on the published results for the prototypical CDW system 2H-NbSe2, we show how well the q-dependent EPC matrix element, but not the FSN, can describe the origin of CDW. We further demonstrate a procedure of combing electronic band and phonon (dispersion and linewidth) measurements to extract the EPC matrix element, allowing the electronic states involved in the EPC to be identified. Thus we show that a large EPC does not necessarily induce the CDW phase, with Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 (Bi2212) as the example, and the charge ordered phenomena observed in various cuprates are not driven by FSN or EPC. To experimentally resolve the microscopic picture of EPC will lead to a fundamental change in the way we think about, write about, and classify Charge Density Waves.
Identification of highly susceptible individuals in complex networks
Creators: name: Tang, Shaoting
name: Teng, Xian
name: Pei, Sen
name: Yan, Shu
name: Zheng, Zhiming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Identifying highly susceptible individuals in spreading processes is of great significance in controlling outbreaks. In this paper, we explore the susceptibility of people in susceptible-infectious-recovered (SIR) and rumor spreading dynamics. We first study the impact of community structure on people's susceptibility. Despite that the community structure can reduce the infected population given same infection rates, it will not deterministically affect nodes' susceptibility. We find the susceptibility of individuals is sensitive to the choice of spreading dynamics. For SIR spreading, since the susceptibility is highly correlated to nodes' influence, the topological indicator k-shell can better identify highly susceptible individuals, outperforming degree, betweenness centrality and PageRank. In contrast, in rumor spreading model, where nodes' susceptibility and influence have no clear correlation, degree performs the best among considered topological measures. Our finding highlights the significance of both topological features and spreading mechanisms in identifying highly susceptible population.
Vehicular Communications: Survey and Challenges of Channel and Propagation Models
Creators: name: Viriyasitavat, Wantanee
name: Boban, Mate
name: Tsai, Hsin-Mu
name: Vasilakos, Athanasios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Vehicular communication is characterized by a dynamic environment, high mobility, and comparatively low antenna heights on the communicating entities (vehicles and roadside units). These characteristics make vehicular propagation and channel modeling particularly challenging. In this article, we classify and describe the most relevant vehicular propagation and channel models, with a particular focus on the usability of the models for the evaluation of protocols and applications. We first classify the models based on the propagation mechanisms they employ and their implementation approach. We also classify the models based on the channel properties they implement and pay special attention to the usability of the models, including the complexity of implementation, scalability, and the input requirements (e.g., geographical data input). We also discuss the less-explored aspects in vehicular channel modeling, including modeling specific environments (e.g., tunnels, overpasses, and parking lots) and types of communicating vehicles (e.g., scooters and public transportation vehicles). We conclude by identifying the underresearched aspects of vehicular propagation and channel modeling that require further modeling and measurement studies.
L’ère des temps psychologiques
Creators: name: DROIT-VOLET, Sylvie
Publisher: name: Journal of Interdisciplinary Methodologies and Issues in Science - JIMIS-CNRS-Episciences-ESPACE-Agorantic
Year: 2019
Subjects: Temps
durée
temporalités
conscience

description: L’objectif de cet article est de présenter les récents travaux sur le temps psychologique, permettant d’appréhender les différentes facettes du temps et les mécanismes sous-jacents. Une différence est alors faite entre le jugement des durées et ses distorsions sous l’effet des émotions, et le sentiment du passage du temps que l’on appelle parfois l’expérience subjective du temps.
Campylodiscus neofastuosus Ruck, Nakov, Alverson & Theriot 2016
Creators: name: Al-Handal, Adil Y.
name: Thomas, Evan W.
name: Pennesi, Chiara
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Ochrophyta
Bacillariophyceae
Surirellales
Surirellaceae
Campylodiscus
Campylodiscus neofastuosus

description: Campylodiscus neofastuosus Ruck, Nakov, Alverson & Theriot (2016: 3) (Fig. 110)
 References: Giffen 1967, fig. 121–123; Witkowski et al. 2000, p. 416, pl. 215, figs 4–6; Lobban et al. 2012, pl. 68, figs 4–6, pl. 69, figs 1, 2. as Surirella scalaris Giffen (1967: 286)
 Features: Length 22–34 μm, width 20–24 μm, striae around central area 24–28 in 10 μm.
 Description: Valves small, ovate with broadly rounded apices. Two parallel and striated ridges run along the apical axis, bordering narrow central area.
 Distribution: A marine species seems to prefer warm water. Previously reported from the Gulf (Al-Yamani & Saburova 2011). Frequent in Basra corals.
description: Published as part of Al-Handal, Adil Y., Thomas, Evan W. & Pennesi, Chiara, 2018, Marine benthic diatoms in the newly discovered coral reefs, off Basra coast, Southern Iraq, pp. 111-152 in Phytotaxa 372 (2) on page 144, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.372.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13728822
An atomic symmetry-controlled thermal switch
Creators: name: Manzano, Daniel
name: Kyoseva, Elica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a simple diatomic system trapped inside an optical cavity to control the energy flow between two thermal baths. Through the action of the baths the system is driven to a non- equilibrium steady state. Using the Large Deviation theory we show that the number of photons flowing between the two baths is dramatically different depending on the symmetry of the atomic states. Here we present a deterministic scheme to prepare symmetric and antisymmetric atomic states with the use of external driving fields, thus implementing an atomic control switch for the energy flow.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
Magnetic fluctuations driven insulator-to-metal transition in Ca(Ir$_{1-x}$Ru$_{x}$)O$_{3}$
Creators: name: Gunasekera, J.
name: Harriger, L.
name: Dahal, A.
name: Heitmann, T.
name: Vignale, G.
name: Singh, D. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic fluctuations in transition metal oxides are a subject of intensive research because of the key role they are expected to play in the transition from the Mott insulator to the unconventional metallic phase of these materials, and also as drivers of superconductivity. Despite much effort, a clear link between magnetic fluctuations and the insulator-to-metal transition has not yet been established. Here we report the discovery of a compelling link between magnetic fluctuations and the insulator-to-metal transition in Ca(Ir$_{1-x}$Ru$_{x}$)O$_{3}$ perovskites as a function of the doping coefficient x. We show that when the material turns from insulator to metal, at a critical value of x$\sim$ 0.3, magnetic fluctuations change their character from antiferromagnetic, a Mott insulator phase, to ferromagnetic, an itinerant electron state with Hund's orbital coupling. These results are expected to have wide-ranging implications for our understanding of the unconventional properties of strongly correlated electrons systems
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Measurement of Charged Particle Multiplicity with the Mulitiplicity and Vertex Detector at the PHENIX Experiment at RHIC
Creators: name: Ferdousi, Tahsina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2002
Subjects: rhic
multiplicity
mvd
phobos
hijing
centrality
au+au
qcd
phenix

description: The charged particle multiplicity for the Au-Au collisions at √s =130GeV is measured with the Multiplicity and Vertex Detector (MVD) at PHENIX at RHIC. The measurement of the charged particle multiplicity using the MVD is compared with measurements made in the PHENIX Pad Chamber and PHENIX Electromagnetic Calorimeters. The centrality dependence of the pseudorapidity density of the charged particles multiplicity is compared with data from the PHOBOS experiment at RHIC, the HIJING model and the High Density QCD saturation model.
Synthesis of Novel Dihydrothieno- and Thiopyrano Quinolines from 3-Formyl-2-Mercaptoquinoline Derivatives
Creators: name: Heravi, Majid Mommahed
name: Faghihi, Zeinab
name: Shiri, Morteza
name: Pourabed, Raziyeh
name: Vahideh Zadsirjan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 30302 Nanochemistry and Supramolecular Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30502 Natural Products Chemistry
subject: 30205 Non-metal Chemistry
subject: Nuclear Chemistry
subject: 30303 Optical Properties of Materials
subject: 30503 Organic Chemical Synthesis
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: 30599 Organic Chemistry not elsewhere classified

description: Several new fused polycyclic 2,3-dihydro-thieno[2,3-b]quinolin-3-ol derivatives were synthesis through the un-catalyzed reaction of various 2-mercaptobenzoquinoline-3-carbaldehydes with 2-bromoacetophenones in CH2Cl2 at 80–90% yield. Besides, reaction of differently substituted 3-formyl-2-mercaptoquinolines and various 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds such as dimedone, ethyl acetoacetate and 1,3-indandione) in the presence of AlCl3 as an efficient catalyst in CH2Cl2 at room temperature gave different novel fused polyheterocycle derivatives depends on the selection of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, respectively
Using member galaxy luminosities as halo mass proxies of galaxy groups
Creators: name: Lu, Yi
name: Yang, Xiaohu
name: Shen, Shiyin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reliable halo mass estimation for a given galaxy system plays an important role both in cosmology and galaxy formation studies. Here we set out to find the way that can improve the halo mass estimation for those galaxy systems with limited brightest member galaxies been observed. Using four mock galaxy samples constructed from semi-analytical formation models, the subhalo abundance matching method and the conditional luminosity functions, respectively, we find that the luminosity gap between the brightest and the subsequent brightest member galaxies in a halo (group) can be used to significantly reduce the scatter in the halo mass estimation based on the luminosity of the brightest galaxy alone. Tests show that these corrections can significantly reduce the scatter in the halo mass estimations by $\sim 50\%$ to $\sim 70\%$ in massive halos depending on which member galaxies are considered. Comparing to the traditional ranking method, we find that this method works better for groups with less than five members, or in observations with very bright magnitude cut.
description: ApJ accepted
Internal migrant trajectories within The Netherlands, 1850–1972: Applying cluster analysis and dissimilarity tree methods
Creators: name: Carlos, Dolores Sesma
name: Kok, Jan
name: Oris, Michel
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Based on the life course perspective, this work adopts a sequence analysis approach to examine internal migrant trajectories and their interdependencies with life course factors. The analyses are based on longitudinal data from the Historical Sample of the Netherlands. The internal migrant trajectories of Dutch cohorts born between 1850 and 1922 are followed from birth until age fifty. Two sequence analysis methods are applied: (1) main migration patterns are described using cluster analysis, and explained by their associations with socio-demographic covariates using logit models; (2) migrant trajectory variations are investigated using a dissimilarity tree method with a discrepancy analysis. Seven distinct migrant trajectory patterns are derived from the cluster analysis. Early-life social status, place and region of origin are differently associated to these typologies, and an increased stability of specific trajectories over time is suggested. Fifteen homogeneous migrant trajectories are identified in the dissimilarity tree. The discrepancy between groups is explained by intricate interactions between birth cohort, social and place origin, as well as family formation. The cluster analysis suggests a stable regime of internal migration patterns over time. The dissimilarity tree method contributes to detect interdependencies of migrant trajectories, highlighting socio-economic, local and regional differences at birth.
L’adieu au temps
Creators: name: LACHIEZE-REY, Marc
Publisher: name: Journal of Interdisciplinary Methodologies and Issues in Science - JIMIS-CNRS-Episciences-ESPACE-Agorantic
Year: 2019
Subjects: Durée
relativité
Einstein

description: Temps et durées sont souvent confondus, ou du moins considérés comme étroitement reliés. Ceci est tout à fait légitime dans le cadre de l’ancienne physique newtonienne, où la notion de temps apparaît comme une reconstruction à partir des durées, permise précisément par ce lien. Mais les physiciens se sont aperçus que ce lien n’était qu’une illusion, une illusion indécelable à la précision de la vie courante ; mais dont les observations physiques de plus en plus précises ont manifesté l’inexactitude. La raison d’être des théories relativistes est de prendre en compte cette rupture; de fournir une manière exacte et précise de décrire un monde physique dans lequel la notion de temps a perdu sa pertinence.