cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Efficient Cloud-Based Calibration of Input Data for Forest Fire Spread Prediction
Creators: name: Fraga, Edigley
name: Cortés, Ana
name: Margalef, Tomàs
name: Hernández, Porfidio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: paper-presentation

description: Every year, forest fires cause damages to biodiversity, atmosphere, and economy. To face such permanent threat, wildfire analysts rely on emerging and well established technologies to determine fire behavior and propagation patterns. Nevertheless, input data describing fire scenarios are subject to high levels of uncertainty that represent a serious challenge for the correctness of the prediction. The unknown parameters need to be adjusted, and an input data calibration phase is carried over following a genetic algorithm strategy. The calibrated input is then pipelined into the actual prediction phase. In addition, this two-stage prediction scheme is leveraged by the cloud computing, which enables high level of parallelism on demand, almost realtime elasticity and unlimited scalability. All of them at a low-cost strategy. In this paper, to obtain more accurate prediction results and efficient use of cloud resources in the compute-intensive calibration phase, we propose a new fitness function in tandem with a strict deadline policy that decreases overall processing time. In consonance with the hard-deadline-driven nature of fire extinction activities, the proposed strategies improve the genetic algorithm convergence and decrease the response time for the calibration stage, setting up an important upper bound limit to the critical compute-intensive adjustment phase. For the case study evaluated, only 3.87% of of accuracy loss is given out in exchange of a guarantee that the calibration phase will never last more than 50 minutes in the worst case.
Fundamentals of Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing, Part I
Creators: name: Berez, Jaime
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Geometric dimensioning and tolerancing (GD&T), geometric product specification (GPS), product definition, engineering graphics, engineering drawings.

description: About the presentation
 This ~45-60 minute presentation provides a a contextual and technical introduction to the fundamentals of the geometric dimensioning and tolerancing (GD&T) system used in formal engineering drawings. This particular presentation is an adaptation of a longer lesson developed for an undergraduate mechanical engineering course, compressed for presentation in a shorter format. About the author
 Jaime Berez is a mechanical engineer with interests in manufacturing and metrology. At the time of publishing this document, he is a Ph.D. Candidate in mechanical engineering. Jaime is actively engaged in developing educational materials on GD&T for a variety of uses, including content targeted at the undergraduate engineering curricula.
 https://www.linkedin.com/in/jaime-berez-074788a3/
description: J. Berez (author) acknowledges the Society of Manufacturing Engineers Digital Manufacturing Committee for requesting that a similar version of this presentation be developed and delivered by J. Berez to assist in their outreach activities. M. Praniewicz is acknowledged for his review and comments on earlier version of this presentation.
description: {"references": ["Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing, ASME Y14.5-2018, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, New York, NY, 2018.", "R. Bundynas, K. Nisbett, Shigley's Mechanical Engineering Design, 10th Ed., McGraw-Hill, 2014."]}
On what does not expand in an expanding universe: a very simple model
Creators: name: Lemos, Nivaldo A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As the separation between galaxies increases owing to the expansion of the universe, galaxies themselves and smaller bound structures do not grow. An accurate description of the dynamics of cosmic structures requires the full apparatus of general relativity. In order to gain a fairly satisfactory understanding of what does not expand in an expanding universe, however, it suffices to take the harmonic oscillator as prototype of a bound system. More precisely, we show that a study of the quantum dynamics of a nonrelativistic harmonic oscillator in an expanding universe makes it clear that most bound systems do not take part in the overall cosmic expansion. The analysis is elementary and indicates that whether a bound structure partakes in the expansion partially or not at all is essentially determined by a characteristic time scale associated with it.
description: 8 pages
Pteronura brasiliensis
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Carnivora
Mustelidae
Pteronura
Pteronura brasiliensis

description: Pteronura brasiliensis (Gmelin, 1788). Linn. Syst. Nat., 1:93. TYPE LOCALITY: Guyana (= British Guiana), Demerara. DISTRIBUTION: Major river systems of South America east of the Andes as far south as N. Argentina. COMMENT: Reviewed by Harris, 1968, Otters, Weidenfeld and Nicolson, London. PROTECTED STATUS: CITES - Appendix I and U.S. ESA - Endangered. ISIS NUMBER: 5301412004025001001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Carnivora, pp. 244-289 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 264, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352980
description: {"references": ["Harris, C. J. 1968. Otters; a study of the Recent Lutrinae. Weidenfeld and Nicolson, London, 397 pp."]}
What is the Pairing Glue in the Cuprates? Insights from Normal and Anomalous Propagators
Creators: name: Bzdušek, Tomáš
name: Hlubina, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Both the pairing and the pair-breaking modes lead to similar kinks of the electron dispersion curves in superconductors, and therefore the photoemission spectroscopy can not be straightforwardly applied in search for their pairing glue. If the momentum-dependence of the normal and anomalous self-energy can be neglected, manipulation with the data does allow us to extract the gap function $Δ(ω)$ and therefore also the pairing glue. However, in the superconducting cuprates such procedure may not be justified. In this paper we point out that the pairing glue is more directly visible in the spectral function of the Nambu-Gor'kov anomalous propagator and we demonstrate that this function is in principle experimentally observable.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Fundamentals of Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing, Part I
Creators: name: Berez, Jaime
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Geometric dimensioning and tolerancing (GD&T), geometric product specification (GPS), product definition, engineering graphics, engineering drawings.

description: About the presentation
 This ~45-60 minute presentation provides a a contextual and technical introduction to the fundamentals of the geometric dimensioning and tolerancing (GD&T) system used in formal engineering drawings. This particular presentation is an adaptation of a longer lesson developed for an undergraduate mechanical engineering course, compressed for presentation in a shorter format. About the author
 Jaime Berez is a mechanical engineer with interests in manufacturing and metrology. At the time of publishing this document, he is a Ph.D. Candidate in mechanical engineering. Jaime is actively engaged in developing educational materials on GD&T for a variety of uses, including content targeted at the undergraduate engineering curricula.
 https://www.linkedin.com/in/jaime-berez-074788a3/
description: J. Berez (author) acknowledges the Society of Manufacturing Engineers Direct Digital Manufacturing Committee for requesting that a similar version of this presentation be developed and delivered by J. Berez to assist in their outreach activities. M. Praniewicz is acknowledged for his review and comments on earlier version of this presentation.
description: {"references": ["Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing, ASME Y14.5-2018, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, New York, NY, 2018.", "R. Bundynas, K. Nisbett, Shigley's Mechanical Engineering Design, 10th Ed., McGraw-Hill, 2014."]}
Spilogale Gray 1865
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Carnivora
Mustelidae
Spilogale

description: Spilogale Gray, 1865. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1865: 150. COMMENT: Subfamily Mephitinae. Revised by Van Gelder, 1959, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 117:229-392. ISIS NUMBER: 5301412004020000000.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Carnivora, pp. 244-289 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 264, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352980
description: {"references": ["Van Gelder, R. G. 1959. A taxonomic revision of the spotted skunks (genus Spilogale). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 117: 229 - 392."]}
Caccobius schreberi
Creators: name: Akhmetova, Lilia A.
name: Kurochkin, Andrei S.
name: Frolov, Andrey V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Scarabaeidae
Caccobius
Caccobius schreberi

description: Caccobius schreberi (Linnaeus, 1767)
Materials
Type status: Other material. Occurrence: recordedBy: A. S. Kurochkin; individualCount: 2; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: D8047A27-CD3B-5A1C-8486-E4FB605EEEC2; Taxon: scientificName: Caccobius schreberi; kingdom: Animalia; phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Coleoptera; family: Scarabaeidae; genus: Caccobius; taxonRank: species; Location: country: Russia; stateProvince: Samara; locality: Bol’shechernigovskij distr., 3.9 km SSW of Polyanskij vill., gully bottom, forb-grass steppe.; decimalLatitude: 51.85; decimalLongitude: 50.89; georeferenceProtocol: GPS; Identification: identifiedBy: A. V. Frolov; dateIdentified: 2023; Event: samplingProtocol: From feces of Marmota bobak, in toilet burrow; eventDate: 2023-04 - 28; Record Level: collectionID: urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34969; institutionCode: ZIN; collectionCode: Coleoptera
Distribution
The species is distributed in southern and middle Europe, northern Africa, Asia Minor and Iranian Plateau.
Biology
A common, sometimes abundant generalist coprophage feeding mostly on cattle, horse and sheep dung.
description: Published as part of Akhmetova, Lilia A., Kurochkin, Andrei S. & Frolov, Andrey V., 2024, Dung-beetles (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Aphodiinae, Scarabaeinae) feeding on faeces of steppe marmots Marmota bobak (Rodentia, Sciuridae) in Middle Volga territory, pp. e 125090 in Biodiversity Data Journal 12 on page e125090, DOI: 10.3897/BDJ.12.e125090
Asterophrys similis Zweifel 1956
Creators: name: Miracle, Eulàlia Gassó
name: Van, Lars W.
name: Ostende, Den Hoek
name: Arntzen, Jan Willem
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Amphibia
Anura
Microhylidae
Asterophrys
Asterophrys similis

description: Asterophrys similis Zweifel, 1956
 Zweifel, 1956. Am. Mus. Novit., 1766: 5; fig. 2. Current name: Xenorhina similis (Zweifel, 1956)
Paratype: RMNH 10470 (formerly AMNH 43748), 1 spec. Loc.: “Bele River, 18 km. north of Lake Habbema, 2200 m., Netherlands New Guinea ” [Irian Jaya, Indonesia]. Leg.: Archbold Expedition. Ex: American Museum of Natural History in New York.
 Remarks. Type specimens are also in the American Museum of Natural History in New York (holotype: AMNH A43722; paratypes: AMNH A43725 -27, 43721, 43723, 43730, 43749-56, 43758, 43760).
description: Published as part of Miracle, Eulàlia Gassó, Van, Lars W., Ostende, Den Hoek & Arntzen, Jan Willem, 2007, Type specimens of amphibians in the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, The Netherlands, pp. 25-68 in Zootaxa 1482 on page 30, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.176896
Hyperfine Paschen-Back regime in alkali metal atoms: consistency of two theoretical considerations and experiment
Creators: name: Sargsyan, A.
name: Hakhumyan, G.
name: Leroy, C.
name: Pashayan-Leroy, Y.
name: Papoyan, A.
name: Sarkisyan, D.
name: Auzinsh, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Simple and efficient "λ-method" and "λ/2-method" (λis the resonant wavelength of laser radiation) based on nanometric-thickness cell filled with rubidium are implemented to study the splitting of hyperfine transitions of 85Rb and 87Rb D_1 line in an external magnetic field in the range of B = 0.5 - 0.7 T. It is experimentally demonstrated from 20 (12) Zeeman transitions allowed at low B-field in 85Rb (87Rb) spectra in the case of σ+ polarized laser radiation, only 6 (4) remain at B > 0.5 T, caused by decoupling of the total electronic momentum J and the nuclear spin momentum I (hyperfine Paschen-Back regime). The expressions derived in the frame of completely uncoupled basis (J, m_J ; I, m_I) describe very well the experimental results for 85Rb transitions at $B > 0.6 T (that is a manifestation of hyperfine Paschen-Back regime). A remarkable result is that the calculations based on the eigenstates of coupled (F, m_F) basis, which adequately describe the system for low magnetic field, also predict reduction of number of transition components from 20 to 6 for 85Rb, and from 12 to 4 for 87Rb spectrum at B > 0.5 T. Also, the Zeeman transitions frequency shift, frequency interval between the components and their slope versus $B$ are in agreement with the experiment.
description: 10 pages, 13 figures
Spilogale putorius
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Carnivora
Mustelidae
Spilogale
Spilogale putorius

description: Spilogale putorius (Linnaeus, 1758). Syst. Nat., 10th ed., 1:44. TYPE LOCALITY: U.S.A., South Carolina. DISTRIBUTION: S. W. Canada east to Minnesota and S. Pennsylvania (U.S.A.); south to Costa Rica. COMMENT: Includes gracilis and angustifrons; see Van Gelder, 1959, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 117:279; but also see Mead, 1968, J. Mammal., 49:373-390. ISIS NUMBER: 5301412004020002001 as S. putorius. 5301412004020001001 as S. gracilis.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Carnivora, pp. 244-289 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 264, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352980
description: {"references": ["Van Gelder, R. G. 1959. A taxonomic revision of the spotted skunks (genus Spilogale). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 117: 229 - 392.", "Mead, R. A. 1968. Reproduction in western forms of the spotted skunk (genus Spilogale). Journal of Mammalogy, 49: 373 - 390."]}
Affordable Virtual Reality System Architecture for Representation of Implicit Object Properties
Creators: name: Maleshkov, Stoyan
name: Chotrov, Dimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A flexible, scalable and affordable virtual reality software system architecture is proposed. This solution can be easily implemented on different hardware configurations: on a single computer or on a computer cluster. The architecture is aimed to be integrated in the workflow for solving engineering tasks and oriented towards presenting implicit object properties through multiple sensorial channels (visual, audio and haptic). Implicit properties represent hidden object features (i.e. magnetization, radiation, humidity, toxicity, etc.) which cannot be perceived by the observer through his or her senses but require specialized equipment in order to expand the sensory ability of the observer. Our approach extends the underlying general scene graph structure incorporating additional effects nodes for implicit properties representation.
Extended Kerr-Schild spacetimes: General properties and some explicit examples
Creators: name: Málek, Tomáš
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study extended Kerr-Schild (xKS) spacetimes, i.e. an extension of the Kerr-Schild (KS) ansatz where, in addition to the null KS vector, a spacelike vector field appears in the metric. In contrast to the KS case, we obtain only a necessary condition under which the KS vector is geodetic. However, it is shown that this condition becomes sufficient if we appropriately restrict the geometry of the null KS and spacelike vector. It turns out that xKS spacetimes with a geodetic KS vector are of Weyl type I and the KS vector has the same optical properties in the full and background spacetimes. In the case of Kundt xKS spacetimes, the compatible Weyl types are further restricted and a few examples of such metrics are provided. The relation of pp -waves to the class of Kundt xKS spacetimes is briefly discussed. We also show that the CCLP black hole, as an example of an expanding xKS spacetime, is of Weyl type Ii, which specializes to type D in the uncharged or non-rotating limit, and that its optical matrix satisfies the optical constraint.
description: 33 pages, revised to match the published version in CQG
Metal Abundances, Radial Velocities and other Physical Characteristics for the RR Lyrae Stars in the Kepler Field
Creators: name: Nemec, James M.
name: Cohen, Judith G.
name: Ripepi, Vincenzo
name: Derekas, Aliz
name: Moskalik, Pawel
name: Sesar, Branimir
name: Chadid, Merieme
name: Bruntt, Hans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectroscopic iron-to-hydrogen ratios, radial velocities, atmospheric parameters, and new photometric analyses are presented for 41 RR Lyrae stars (and one probable high-amplitude delta Scuti star) located in the field-of-view of the Kepler space telescope. Thirty-seven of the RR Lyrae stars are fundamental-mode pulsators (i.e., RRab stars) of which 16 exhibit the Blazhko effect. Four of the stars are multiperiodic RRc pulsators oscillating primarily in the first-overtone mode. Spectroscopic [Fe/H] values for the 34 stars for which we were able to derive estimates range from -2.54 +/- 0.13 (NR Lyr) to -0.05 +/- 0.13 dex (V784 Cyg), and for the 19 Kepler-field non-Blazhko stars studied by Nemec et al.(2011) the abundances agree will with their photometric [Fe/H] values. Four non-Blazhko RR Lyrae stars that they identified as metal-rich (KIC 6100702, V2470 Cyg, V782 Cyg and V784 Cyg) are confirmed as such, and four additional stars (V839 Cyg, KIC 5520878, KIC 8832417, KIC 3868420) are also shown here to be metal-rich. Five of the non-Blazhko RRab stars are found to be more metal-rich than [Fe/H] -0.9 dex while all of the 16 Blazhko stars are more metal-poor than this value. New period-phi31s-[Fe/H] relationships are derived based on ~970 days of quasi-continuous high-precison Q0-Q11 long- and short-cadence Kepler photometry. With the exception of some Blazhko stars, the spectroscopic and photometric [Fe/H] values are in good agreement. Several stars with unique photometric characteristics are identified, including a Blazhko variable with the smallest known amplitude and frequency modulations (V838 Cyg).
description: 31 pages, 13 figures
Spilogale pygmaea Thomas 1898
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Carnivora
Mustelidae
Spilogale
Spilogale pygmaea

description: Spilogale pygmaea Thomas, 1898. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1897:898. TYPE LOCALITY: Mexico, Sinaloa, Rosario. DISTRIBUTION: Sinaloa to Oaxaca (Mexico). COMMENT: Includes australis; see Genoways and Jones, 1968, An. Inst. Biol. Univ. Nac. Auton. Mex., 39: 123-132. ISIS NUMBER: 5301412004020003001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Carnivora, pp. 244-289 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 264, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352980
Climate Services to Improve Public Health
Creators: name: Jancloes, Michel
name: Thomson, Madeleine C.
name: Costa, María Máñez
name: Hewitt, Chris
name: Corvalan, Carlos
name: Dinku, Tufa
name: Lowe, Rachel
name: Hayden, Mary
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Risk management
Climatic changes--Health aspects
Climatic changes--Information services
Medical policy
Public health
Climatic changes

description: A high level expert panel discussed how climate and health services could best collaborate to improve public health. This was on the agenda of the recent Third International Climate Services Conference, held in Montego Bay, Jamaica, 4-6 December 2013. Issues and challenges concerning a demand led approach to serve the health sector needs, were identified and analysed. Important recommendations emerged to ensure that innovative collaboration between climate and health services assist decision-making processes and the management of climate-sensitive health risk. Key recommendations included: a move from risk assessment towards risk management; the engagement of the public health community with both the climate sector and development sectors, whose decisions impact on health, particularly the most vulnerable; to increase operational research on the use of policy-relevant climate information to manage climate- sensitive health risks; and to develop in-country capacities to improve local knowledge (including collection of epidemiological, climate and socio-economic data), along with institutional interaction with policy makers.
title: Untangling the Economic and Social Impediments to Producer Adoption of Organic Wheat
Creators: name: Ralph-Quarnstrom, Donya L.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2019

description: Consumer demand for organic products has shown double-digit growth in recent years encouraging the development of a wider range of goods (Greene, 2017). Americans with an annual household income under $30,000 actively purchase organic foods at nearly the same rate as households with over $75,000 in annual incomes, 42% versus 49% (Greene et al., 2017). Previous research observed the adoption of organic farming practices on a combination of different grains, fruits and vegetables, meat, and dairy products from across the globe. However, this is the first study to examine the adoption of organic wheat in the Western U.S. By addressing the recent challenges and by discussing the current demands of the U.S. consumers, future research and decision making (including policy updates and grant opportunities) may become more impactful.
Through an online survey of western wheat growers, we look at potential patterns in farm characteristics, grower characteristics, concerns about growing organic products, factors discouraging adoption production technology, and the use of resources on the likelihood of becoming an organic grower. A total of 82 valid surveys were collected. Findings suggest operators of smaller farms are more likely to be organic growers. Wheat growers willing to take risks to increase profits and those who considered financing availability a hurdle to adoption were also more likely to use organic methods. Interestingly, operator gender and years of experience had no impact on adoption. Using resources such as university research, consultants, etc. decrease the likelihood of becoming an organic producer.
title: The Value of Farmland: Mapping Assessor Data to Understand Land Use Change
Creators: name: Perry, Lyndi
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2019

description: Ideas developed by regional economists have potential applications within the urban planning field. One potential application is toward conserving farmland, and within this thesis this topic is examined for the study area of Utah County, Utah. Using assessor data, a land value map is created and further used to develop a regional economic model and spatial models that were analyzed for patterns of land use change.
Findings show that representing land value as continuous surface maps is a useful approach. The maps reveal that Utah County has densified as its population increased while farmland loss still occurred in agriculturally-important areas. Vulnerable areas were identified by examining the value of changed lands. Change mapping shows that macro-level variables affect local land values and subsequent development patterns.
While limitations exist, the conclusion was drawn that this data is useful in connecting land value to location, examining change over time, and understanding how individuals’ priorities (as represented through property values) may conflict with (and potentially solve) collective goals.
title: The Sue-and-Settle Phenomenon: Its Impact on the Law, Agency, and Society
Creators: name: Colton, Katie L.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2019

description: Sue-and-settle is the name applied to a federal agency’s use of litigation to create policy outside of the normal regulatory process. This paper discusses the impact that the sue-and-settle policy has had on Congress, the judiciary, and the Environmental Protection Agency. Specifically, this paper will discuss the issues caused by the perception of collusion within the sue-and-settle policy. First, this paper examines whether a relationship occurs between the litigants. The paper then discusses whether the relationship between the litigants in sue-and-settle cases tends to be collusive or not. The second part of the paper examines how Congress, the Environmental Protection Agency, and the judiciary are viewed because of the continued perception of collusion in the agency’s settlements. Overall, this paper finds that, the impacts of the sue-and-settle policy, and the perception of collusion, has affected Congress, the Environmental Protection Agency, and the judiciary by increasing regulation, distorting the purpose of the courts, and resulting in a lost value for the regulatory process.
Quasi-periodic wiggles of microwave zebra structures in a solar flare
Creators: name: Yu, Sijie
name: Nakariakov, V. M.
name: Selzer, L. A.
name: Tan, Baolin
name: Yan, Yihua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasi-periodic wiggles of microwave zebra pattern structures with period range from about 0.5 s to 1.5 s are found in a X-class solar flare on 2006 December 13 at the 2.6-3.8 GHz with the Chinese Solar Broadband Radio Spectrometer (SBRS/Huairou). Periodogram and correlation analysis show that the wiggles have two-three significant periodicities and almost in phase between stripes at different frequency. The Alfven speed estimated from the zebra pattern structures is about 700 Km/s. We obtain the spatial size of the waveguiding plasma structure to be about 1 Mm with the detected period of about 1 s. It suggests the ZP wiggles can be associated with the fast mag- netoacoustic oscillations in the flaring active region. The lack of a significant phase shift between wiggles of different stripes suggests that the ZP wiggles are caused by a standing sausage oscillation.
Coupling driven exclusion and diffusion processes on parallel lanes: boundary induced phase transitions and boundary layers
Creators: name: Saha, Bappa
name: Mukherji, Sutapa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a driven many particle system comprising of two identical lanes of finite lengths. On one lane, particles hop diffusively with a bias in a specific direction. On the other lane, particles hop in a specific direction obeying mutual exclusion rule. In addition, the two lanes are connected with each other through exchange of particles with certain rules. The system, at its two ends, is in contact with particle reservoirs which maintain specific particle densities at the two ends. In this paper, we study boundary-induced phase transitions exhibited by this system and predict the phase diagram using the technique of fixed point based boundary layer analysis. An interesting manifestation of the interplay of two density variables associated with two lanes is found in the shock phase in which the particle density profile across the lane with unidirectional hopping shows a jump discontinuity (shock) from a low- to a high-density region. The density profile on the diffusion-lane never exhibits a shock. However, the shock in the other lane gives rise to a discontinuity in the slope of the diffusion-lane density profile. We show how an approximate solution for the slope can be obtained in the boundary layer analysis framework.
Computational Science and Engineering - Research Software Engineering Workflow : Research Report
Creators: name: Maric, Tomislav
name: TU Darmstadt
Publisher: name: Technical University of Darmstadt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: research software engineering
subject: research data management
subject: 409-06 Informationssysteme, Prozess- und Wissensmanagement
subject: 409-06 Information Systems, Process and Knowledge Management
subject: 004

description: A minimal example of a research report (internal technical report, article preprint, manuscript submitted to peer-review), cross-linked with research data, code archive and repository, as a part of the Research Software Engineering (RSE) workflow for Computational Science and Engineering.
An external-shock model for GRB afterglow 130427A
Creators: name: Panaitescu, A.
name: Vestrand, W. T.
name: Wozniak, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The complex multiwavelength emission of GRB afterglow 130427A (monitored in the radio up to 10 days, in the optical and X-ray until 50 days, and at GeV energies until 1 day) can be accounted for by a hybrid reverse-forward shock synchrotron model, with inverse-Compton emerging only above a few GeV. The high ratio of the early optical to late radio flux requires that the ambient medium is a wind and that the forward-shock synchrotron spectrum peaks in the optical at about 10 ks. The latter has two consequences: the wind must be very tenuous and the optical emission before 10 ks must arise from the reverse-shock, as suggested also by the bright optical flash that Raptor has monitored during the prompt emission phase (<100 s). The VLA radio emission is from the reverse-shock, the Swift X-ray emission is mostly from the forward-shock, but the both shocks give comparable contributions to the Fermi GeV emission. The weak wind implies a large blast-wave radius (8 t_{day}^{1/2} pc), which requires a very tenuous circumstellar medium, suggesting that the massive stellar progenitor of GRB 130427A resided in a super-bubble.
description: 7 pages, MNRAS, in press
A Comparison of the Nutritional Quality of Food Products Advertised in Grocery Store Circulars of High- versus Low-Income New York City Zip Codes
Creators: name: Ethan, Danna
name: Basch, Corey H.
name: Rajan, Sonali
name: Samuel, Lalitha
name: Hammond, Rodney N.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Advertising fliers
Advertising--Food
Sales promotion
Public health
Nutrition
Economics

description: Grocery stores can be an important resource for health and nutrition with the variety and economic value of foods offered. Weekly circulars are a means of promoting foods at a sale price. To date, little is known about the extent that nutritious foods are advertised and prominently placed in circulars. This study’s aim was to compare the nutritional quality of products advertised on the front page of online circulars from grocery stores in high- versus low-income neighborhoods in New York City (NYC). Circulars from grocery stores in the five highest and five lowest median household income NYC zip codes were analyzed. Nutrition information for food products was collected over a two-month period with a total of 805 products coded. The study found no significant difference between the nutritional quality of products advertised on the front page of online circulars from grocery stores in high- versus low-income neighborhoods in New York City (NYC). In both groups, almost two-thirds of the products advertised were processed, one-quarter were high in carbohydrates, and few to no products were low-sodium, high-fiber, or reduced-, low- or zero fat. Through innovative partnerships with health professionals, grocery stores are increasingly implementing in-store and online health promotion strategies. Weekly circulars can be used as a means to regularly advertise and prominently place more healthful and seasonal foods at an affordable price, particularly for populations at higher risk for nutrition-related chronic disease.
Eisenstein Hecke algebras and conjectures in Iwasawa theory
Creators: name: Wake, Preston
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We formulate a weak Gorenstein property for the Eisenstein component of the p-adic Hecke algebra associated to modular forms. We show that this weak Gorenstein property holds if and only if a weak form of Sharifi's conjecture and a weak form of Greenberg's conjecture hold.
description: 22 pages
Mapping the radiative and the apparent non-radiative local density of states in the near field of a metallic nanoantenna
Creators: name: Cao, D.
name: Cazé, A.
name: Calabrese, M.
name: Pierrat, R.
name: Bardou, N.
name: Collin, S.
name: Carminati, R.
name: Krachmalnicoff, V.
name: De Wilde, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel method to extract the various contributions to the photonic local density of states from near-field fluorescence maps. The approach is based on the simultaneous mapping of the fluorescence intensity and decay rate, and on the rigorous application of the reciprocity theorem. It allows us to separate the contributions of the radiative and the apparent non-radiative local density of states to the change in the decay rate. The apparent non-radiative contribution accounts for losses due to radiation out of the detection solid angle and to absorption in the environment. Data analysis relies on a new analytical calculation, and does not require the use of numerical simulations. One of the most relevant applications of the method is the characterization of nanostructures aimed at maximizing the number of photons emitted in the detection solid angle, which is a crucial issue in modern nanophotonics.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, submitted on Jan 7, 2014
title: Erneuerte Andacht Zu der Wegen grossen Alterthum fast vergessenen H. Jungfrauen, und ersten Martyrin Weiblichen Geschlechts Thecla, Dero Heiligkeit, und Verdiensten bey Gott durch die vielfältige ihren andächtigen Liebhaberen erwisene Wunder-Gnaden auf das Neue aller Orthen hervorleuchten; 1752
title: Zum Gebrauch derjenigen, So um Erhaltung gewiser Gnaden mit neun-tägiger Andacht dise heilige Fürsprecherin ehren wollen, allwo nutzlich ein Heil. Beicht, und Communion vor, und nach verrichtet wird
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2010

description: Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Landshut, gedruckt bey Joseph David Schallnkammer. - In Fraktur
A Domain Decomposition Approach to Implementing Fault Slip in Finite-Element Models of Quasi-static and Dynamic Crustal Deformation
Creators: name: Aagaard, Brad T.
name: Knepley, Matthew G.
name: Williams, Charles A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We employ a domain decomposition approach with Lagrange multipliers to implement fault slip in a finite-element code, PyLith, for use in both quasi-static and dynamic crustal deformation applications. This integrated approach to solving both quasi-static and dynamic simulations leverages common finite-element data structures and implementations of various boundary conditions, discretization schemes, and bulk and fault rheologies. We have developed a custom preconditioner for the Lagrange multiplier portion of the system of equations that provides excellent scalability with problem size compared to conventional additive Schwarz methods. We demonstrate application of this approach using benchmarks for both quasi-static viscoelastic deformation and dynamic spontaneous rupture propagation that verify the numerical implementation in PyLith.
description: 14 pages, 15 figures
Post-processing of Engineering Analysis Results for Visualization in VR Systems
Creators: name: Maleshkov, Stoyan
name: Chotrov, Dimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The applicability of Virtual Reality for evaluating engineering analysis results is beginning to receive increased appreciation in the last years. The problem many engineers are still facing is how to import their model together with the analysis results in a virtual reality environment for exploration and results validation. In this paper we propose an algorithm for transforming model data and results from finite element analysis (FEA) solving application to a format easily interpretable by a virtual reality application. The algorithm includes also steps for reducing the face-count of the resulting mesh by eliminating faces from the inner part of the model in the cases when only the surfaces of the model is analyzed. We also describe a possibility for simultaneously assessing multiple analysis results relying on multimodal results presentation by stimulating different senses of the operator.
title: Shock Detachment Process in Hypervelocity Flow over a Cone
Creators: name: Leyva, I. A.
name: Hornung, H. G.
Publisher: name: University of Southampton
Year: 2000

description: A comprehensive experimental and computational study of the shock detachment process in hypervelocity flow over cones is presented. The experiments are carried out in the T5 hypervelocity shock tunnel. The computations are mostly done with a code for axisymmetric thermo-chemical nonequilibrium flow. The data obtained confirm a previous theoretical model that predicts lower growth rate of the detachment distance with increasing cone half-angle for nonequilibrium flows than for frozen and equilibrium flows. The lower growth rate is related to the behavior of the sonic line in relaxing flows. The growth of the subsonic region is studied in detail from attached to detached conditions. A comparison between measured and computed interferograms is also made. Measured and computed heat flux distributions are compared, and differences between flows with attached and detached shocks are discussed.
Constraints on neutrino density and velocity isocurvature modes from WMAP-9 data
Creators: name: Savelainen, Matti
name: Valiviita, Jussi
name: Walia, Parampreet
name: Rusak, Stanislav
name: Kurki-Suonio, Hannu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use WMAP 9-year and other CMB data to constrain cosmological models where the primordial perturbations have both an adiabatic and a (possibly correlated) neutrino density (NDI), neutrino velocity (NVI), or cold dark matter density (CDI) isocurvature component. For NDI and CDI we use both a phenomenological approach, where primordial perturbations are parametrized in terms of amplitudes at two scales, and a slow-roll two-field inflation approach, where slow-roll parameters are used as primary parameters. For NVI we use only the phenomenological approach, since it is difficult to imagine a connection with inflation. We find that in the NDI and NVI cases larger isocurvature fractions are allowed than in the corresponding models with CDI. For uncorrelated perturbations, the upper limit to the primordial NDI (NVI) fraction is 24% (20%) at k = 0.002 Mpc^{-1} and 28% (16%) at k = 0.01 Mpc^{-1}. For maximally correlated (anticorrelated) perturbations, the upper limit to the NDI fraction is 3.0% (0.9%). The nonadiabatic contribution to the CMB temperature variance can be as large as 10% (-13%) for the NDI (NVI) modes. Bayesian model comparison favors pure adiabatic initial mode over the mixed primordial adiabatic and NDI, NVI, or CDI perturbations. At best, the betting odds for a mixed model (uncorrelated NDI) are 1:3.4 compared to the pure adiabatic model. For the phenomenological generally correlated mixed models the odds are about 1:100, whereas the slow-roll approach leads to 1:13 (NDI) and 1:51 (CDI).
description: 17 pages, 11 figures, 5 tables. V2: 3 references added
title: Active link in the kinematic scheme with instant kinematic indefinability
Creators: name: Abdraimov, E.E.
name: Abduraimov, А.Е.
name: Abdraimov, E.S.
Publisher: name: Scientific Research Centre "MachineStructure"
Year: 2019

description: Examples of four-linking hinged-lever devices with a special position of links, in which their kinematic pairs are located on one line, are considered. Analyzed the properties that ensure the certainty of the movement of the output link. It was proposed to consider the lever shock mechanisms of S. Abdraimov as mechanisms of variable structure with an instant, non-retaining, active bond.
Ramsey-type results on singletons, co-singletons and monotone sequences in large collections of sets
Creators: name: Gravier, Sylvain
name: Maffray, Frédéric
name: Renault, Jérôme
name: Trotignon, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We say that a 0-1 matrix $N$ of size $a\times b$ can be found in a collection of sets $\mathcal{H}$ if we can find sets $H_{1}, H_{2}, \dots, H_{a}$ in $\mathcal{H}$ and elements $e_1, e_2, \dots, e_b$ in $\cup_{H \in \mathcal{H}} H$ such that $N$ is the incidence matrix of the sets $H_{1}, H_{2}, \dots, H_{a}$ over the elements $e_1, e_2, \dots, e_b$. We prove the following Ramsey-type result: for every $n\in \N$, there exists a number S(n) such that in any collection of at least S(n) sets, one can find either the incidence matrix of a collection of $n$ singletons, or its complementary matrix, or the incidence matrix of a collection of $n$ sets completely ordered by inclusion. We give several results of the same extremal set theoretical flavour. For some of these, we give the exact value of the number of sets required.
Cooperative Energy Harvesting Networks with Spatially Random Users
Creators: name: Ding, Zhiguo
name: Poor, H. Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper considers a cooperative network with multiple source-destination pairs and one energy harvesting relay. The outage probability experienced by users in this network is characterized by taking the spatial randomness of user locations into consideration. In addition, the cooperation among users is modeled as a canonical coalitional game and the grand coalition is shown to be stable in the addressed scenario. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the accuracy of the developed analytical results.
Nitrogen isotopic ratios in Barnard 1: a consistent study of the N2H+, NH3, CN, HCN and HNC isotopologues
Creators: name: Daniel, F.
name: Gerin, M.
name: Roueff, E.
name: Cernicharo, J.
name: Marcelino, N.
name: Lique, F.
name: Lis, D. C.
name: Teyssier, D.
name: Biver, N.
name: Bockelee--Morvan, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 15N isotopologue abundance ratio measured today in different bodies of the solar system is thought to be connected to 15N-fractionation effects that would have occured in the protosolar nebula. The present study aims at putting constraints on the degree of 15N-fractionation that occurs during the prestellar phase, through observations of D, 13C and 15N-substituted isotopologues towards B1b. Both molecules from the nitrogen hydride family, i.e. N2H+ and NH3, and from the nitrile family, i.e. HCN, HNC and CN, are considered in the analysis. As a first step, we model the continuum emission in order to derive the physical structure of the cloud, i.e. gas temperature and H2 density. These parameters are subsequently used as an input in a non-local radiative transfer model to infer the radial abundances profiles of the various molecules. Our modeling shows that all the molecules are affected by depletion onto dust grains, in the region that encompasses the B1-bS and B1-bN cores. While high levels of deuterium fractionation are derived, we conclude that no fractionation occurs in the case of the nitrogen chemistry. Independently of the chemical family, the molecular abundances are consistent with 14N/15N~300, a value representative of the elemental atomic abundances of the parental gas. The inefficiency of the 15N-fractionation effects in the B1b region can be linked to the relatively high gas temperature ~17K which is representative of the innermost part of the cloud. Since this region shows signs of depletion onto dust grains, we can not exclude the possibility that the molecules were previously enriched in 15N, earlier in the B1b history, and that such an enrichment could have been incorporated into the ice mantles. It is thus necessary to repeat this kind of study in colder sources to test such a possibility.
description: accepted in A&A
Rate of convergence in the law of large numbers for supercritical general multi-type branching processes
Creators: name: Iksanov, Alexander
name: Meiners, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J80 (Primary), 60K15 (Secondary)

description: We provide sufficient conditions for polynomial rate of convergence in the weak law of large numbers for supercritical general indecomposable multi-type branching processes. The main result is derived by investigating the embedded single-type process composed of all individuals having the same type as the ancestor. As an important intermediate step, we determine the (exact) polynomial rate of convergence of Nerman's martingale in continuous time to its limit. The techniques used also allow us to give streamlined proofs of the weak and strong laws of large numbers and ratio convergence for the processes in focus.
description: 30 pages