cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: DUNE (Deep UNet++ Ensemble): A Reanalysis-Driven AI-based Climate Forecasting Framework for Monthly, Seasonal, and Annual Predictions
Creators: name: Shukla, Pratik Ketanbhai
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2024

description: Capitalizing on the recent availability of ERA5 monthly averaged long-term data records of mean atmospheric and climate fields based on high-resolution reanalysis, deep-learning architectures offer an alternative to physics-based daily numerical weather predictions for subseasonal to seasonal (S2S) and annual means. A novel Deep UNet++ Ensemble (DUNE) neural architecture is introduced, employing multi-encoder-decoder structures with residual blocks. When initialized from a prior month or year, this architecture produced the first AI-based global monthly, seasonal, or annual mean forecast of 2-meter temperatures (T2m) and sea surface temperatures (SST). ERA5 monthly mean data is used as input for T2m over land, SST over oceans, and solar radiation at the top of the atmosphere for each month of 40 years to train the model. Validation forecasts are performed for an additional two years, followed by five years of forecast evaluations to account for natural annual variability. AI-trained inference forecast weights generate forecasts in seconds, enabling ensemble seasonal forecasts. Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Anomaly Correlation Coefficient (ACC), and Heidke Skill Score (HSS) statistics are presented globally and over specific regions. These forecasts outperform persistence, climatology, and multiple linear regression for all domains. DUNE forecasts demonstrate comparable statistical accuracy to NOAA’s operational monthly and seasonal probabilistic outlook forecasts over the US but at significantly higher resolutions. RMSE and ACC error statistics for other recent AI-based daily forecasts also show superior performance for DUNE-based forecasts. The DUNE model’s application to an ensemble data assimilation cycle shows comparable forecast accuracy with a single high-resolution model, potentially eliminating the need for retraining on extrapolated datasets.
Transition from the mean-field to the bosonic Laughlin state in a rotating Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Vasilakis, G.
name: Roussou, A.
name: Smyrnakis, J.
name: Magiropoulos, M.
name: von Klitzing, W.
name: Kavoulakis, G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a weakly-interacting Bose-Einstein condensate that rotates in either a harmonic, or a weakly-anharmonic trapping potential. Performing numerical calculations, we investigate the behaviour of the gas in these two cases as the angular momentum, or equivalently as the rotational frequency of the trap increases. While in the case of a purely-harmonic potential the gas makes a transition from the mean-field regime to the correlated, "Laughlin", regime, in the case of anharmonic confinement the mean-field approximation remains always valid. We compare our derived results in these two cases, using both the mean-field approximation, as well as the diagonalization of the many-body Hamiltonian considering a small atom number.
description: 10 pages, 19 figures
Observations meets theory in clustered star formation
Creators: name: Pfalzner, Susanne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stars form predominantly in groups which display a broad spectrum of masses, sizes, and other properties. Despite this diversity there exist an underlying structure that can constrain cluster formation theories. We show how combining observations with simulations allows to disclose this underlying structure. One example is the mass-radius relation for young embedded associations which follows $M_c = CR_c^γ$ with $γ$ = 1.7 $\pm$0.2, which is directly related to the mass-radius relation of clumps. Results based on GAIA 2D have demonstrated that young stellar groups (1--5 Myr) expand and that this expansion process is largely over by an age of 10-20 Myr. Such a behaviour is expected within the gas expulsion scenario. However, the effect of gas expulsion depends strongly on a the SFE, the gas expulsion time scale, etc. Here it is demonstrated how existing and upcoming data are able to constrain these parameters and correspondingly the underlying models.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, to appear in Proceedings IAU Symposium No. 351 Star Clusters: From the Milky Way to the Early Universe, 2019
Skoufotragus Kostopoulos 2009
Creators: name: Kostopoulos, Dimitrios S.
name: Bernor, Raymond L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Artiodactyla
Bovidae
Skoufotragus

description: Genus Skoufotragus Kostopoulos, 2009
 TYPE SPECIES. — Skoufotragus schlosseri (Andree, 1926).
Kostopoulos D. S. & Bernor R. L.
 TABLE 14. — Cranial and horn-core measurements (in mm) of Skoufotragus laticeps (Andree, 1926) from Maragheh, Pikermi and Samos. For abbreviations see text.
description: Published as part of Kostopoulos, Dimitrios S. & Bernor, Raymond L., 2011, The Maragheh bovids (Mammalia, Artiodactyla): systematic revision and biostratigraphiczoogeographic interpretation, pp. 649-708 in Geodiversitas 33 (4) on pages 679-680, DOI: 10.5252/g2011n4a6, http://zenodo.org/record/5377377
Chandra, MDM, Swift, and NuSTAR observations confirming the SFXT nature of AX J1949.8+2534
Creators: name: Hare, Jeremy
name: Halpern, Jules P.
name: Clavel, Maica
name: Grindlay, Jonathan E.
name: Rahoui, Farid
name: Tomsick, John A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: AX J1949.8+2534 is a candidate supergiant fast X-ray transient (SFXT) observed in outburst by INTEGRAL (IGR J19498+2534). We report on the results of six Neil Gehrels Swift-XRT, one Chandra, and one NuSTAR observation of the source. We find evidence of rapid X-ray variability on a few ks timescales. Fortunately, Chandra observed the source in a relatively bright state, allowing us to confidently identify the optical/NIR counterpart of the source. We also obtained an optical spectrum of this counterpart, which shows an H$α$ emission line and He I absorption features. The photometry and spectrum of the source allow us to constrain its distance, $\sim7-8$ kpc, and reddening, $A_V=8.5-9.5$. We find that the star is likely an early B-type Ia supergiant, confirming that AX J1949.8+2534 is indeed an SFXT.
description: 9 pages, 5 Figures, Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Predictive biomarkers for response to omalizumab in patients with severe allergic asthma: a meta-analysis
Creators: name: Li, Yaqin
name: Li, Xiaoyan
name: Zhang, Biyu
name: Yu, Qing
name: Lu, Yanming
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Predicting omalizumab treatment response has been a challenge and significant aspect for selecting suitable severe allergic asthma patients for omalizumab use. To determine which domains of pretreatment baseline characteristics predict omalizumab treatment response among asthmatic patients. Electronic bases were searched for eligible studies that reported potential biomarkers that could predict omalizumab responsiveness and efficacy. Patients who accepted omalizumab treatment were stratified into responders and non-responders. WMD, OR, and their 95%CI were used to access the differences between those omalizumab receivers. Sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis were conducted for potential heterogeneity. A total of 41 studies evaluating efficacy predictors of omalizumab were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled results showed that omalizumab responders had significantly younger age in the adult subgroup, higher pretreatment total serum IgE level, percent predicted FEV1 and FeNO than that non-responder. We further confirmed that higher blood eosinophil counts and total serum IgE levels are useful markers for selecting asthma patients who may benefit more from omalizumab. Pre-treatment blood eosinophil counts and total serum IgE level can be a useful efficacy predictor in selecting allergic asthma patients for omalizumab treatment.
Quartinia nitida GUSENLEITNER 2009
Creators: name: Gusenleitner, Josef
name: Uae
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Masaridae
Quartinia
Quartinia nitida

description: Quartinia nitida GUSENLEITNER, 2009, ♂ neu
Oman: NW of Bahia, Al Ayahi, 6.3.2017, 7♀♀, 8♂♂, leg. Snižek, coll. OLM.
Das Männchen dieser Art ist bisher noch nicht beschrieben worden. In der Struktur ist das ♂ dem Weibchen sehr ähnlich, doch ist der Clypeus (Abb. 12) weniger stark skulpturiert und das 6. Tergit ist am Ende schmal ausgeschnitten (Abb. 13).
Länge: 4 mm.
description: Published as part of Gusenleitner, Josef & Uae, 2018, Über Quartinia-Arten aus der Arabischen Halbinsel (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Masarinae), pp. 1085-1089 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (2) on page 1088, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5275177
Supplementary File For “To Help or Punish in the Face of Unfairness: Men and Women Prefer Mutually-Beneficial Strategies over Punishment in a Sexual Selection Context” authored by Ferguson et al and published in Royal Society Open Science from To help or punish in the face of unfairness: men and women prefer mutually-beneficial strategies over punishment in a sexual selection context
Creators: name: Ferguson, Eamonn
name: Quigley, Erin
name: Powell, Georgia
name: Stewart, Liam
name: Harrison, Freya
name: Tallentire, Holly
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: This supplementary file contains (A) Materials for studies 1, 2 and 3, (B) analyses to show the equivalence of the pure control and the active control for priming, (C) interpretation of attractiveness ratings for study two, (D) additional analyses for studies 1, 2 and 3 (E) Details for GEE Models and (F) Syntax for analyses linked to Dryad file Doi: https://datadryad.org/review?doi=doi:10.5061/dryad.738pm17
Sporting spectacles : cricket and football in Sydney 1890-1912
Creators: name: Sharp, M. P.
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 1986
Subjects: subject: Cricket HistoryAustralia Sydney (N.S.W.)
subject: Rugby football HistoryAustralia Sydney (N.S.W.)

description: Between 1890 and 1912 cricket and football became mass spectacles in Sydney. Cricket had been popular since the 1850s but an over-abundance of international tours in the 1880s almost killed the game as a spectacle. In the same decade rugby and Australian rules competed with each other to become Sydney's main football code. From the early 1890s public interest in cricket revived, partly because of a break in international tours and partly through the introduction of a local club competition based on Sydney's rapidly expanding suburbs. At the same time rugby eclipsed Australian rules and quickly emerged as a major participant and spectator sport. Cricket and rugby attracted officials, players and spectators from all sections of the community. At club level the social composition of clubs and teams varied according to the character of the suburb. Broadly, at all levels cricketers were about four-fifths middle class and one-fifth working class, rugby officials and players were half middle class and half working class and rugby league officials and players were about three-quarters working class and one quarter middle class. Cricket matches attracted more women and middle class spectators than did rugby matches but at both rugby and rugby league matches crowds were roughly equally divided between middle class and working class patrons. The development of cricket and rugby as mass spectacles generated large amounts of money. Once established both sports had to compete in the quickly expanding leisure market for paying customers. Throughout the period a major issue was whether officials or players should control the sports. The major private schools nurtured, and the daily and weekly press expressed the notion that cricket and rugby were more than just amusements - they were moral metaphors. Officials, many of whom also came from private schools, believed that only they could be trusted to maintain the purity of both sports through the exclusion of professionalism. Players believed that they deserved a share of the profits that their labours produced, especially when playing left them financially disadvantaged. Many cricketers sought and received generous payments to compensate them for loss of salary and wages while playing, but footballers received little compensation for injury or time off work until rugby league began in 1907. The popularity of rugby league, which eclipsed rugby union as a spectacle within three seasons, indicates that the majority of Sydney-siders rejected the view of officials and the press. For them the moral significance of sport was secondary to its value as an amusement.
Female labour force participation in Thailand
Creators: name: Watana, Paranee
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University
Year: 1986
Subjects: subject: Women Employment Thailand

description: In Thailand, female labour force participation rates are quite high by international standards. Women work for various purposes without any constraints. In this study, many socio-economic factors are investigated in order to find their relationship with female labour force participation. Data from the 1980 Population Census are used. The relationship between female labour force participation and socio-economic factors is positive. Many factors show a close association such as education and number of children living in the household. As education increases , so does the proportion of women in the labour force. The existence of children in the household has a different effect on ever married women. A higher percentage of Widows and divorcees with children work than currently married women with children. As anticipated, ever married women with no children have the highest participation rates. The investigation of marital status, age at marriage and religion shows little effect on female labour force participation, Whatever their marital status, age at marriage or religion, a large proportion of Thai women participate in the labour force. When the fertility levels of working women and housewives are examined, many variables including age, education age at marriage and the practice of contraception are considered. Working women have a lower fertility level than housewives. However, those working women who practice contraception have a larger number of children ever born than do housewives. This is because birth control has only recently become widespread in Thailand. Among working women, agricultural workers have the highest fertility level.
Characterization of Surface and Structure of in-situ Doped Sol-Gel-Derived Silicon Carbide
Creators: name: Kettner, Olivia
name: Simic, Sanja
name: Kunert, Birgit
name: Schennach, Robert
name: Resel, Roland
name: Griesser, Thomas
name: Friedel, Bettina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Silicon carbide (SiC), is an artificial semiconductor used for high-power transistors and blue LEDs, for its extraordinary properties. SiC would be attractive for more applications, but large-scale or large-surface area fabrication, with control over defects and surface is challenging. Sol-gel based techniques are an affordable alternative towards such requirements. This report describes two types of microcrystalline SiC derived after carbothermal reduction from sol-gel-based precursors, one with nitrogen added, the other aluminum. Characterization of their bulk, structure and surface shows that incorporation of dopants affects the formation of polytypes and surface chemistry. Nitrogen leads exclusively to cubic SiC, exhibiting a native oxide surface. Presence of aluminum instead promotes growth of hexagonal polytypes and induces self-passivation of the crystallites surface during growth. This is established by hydrogenation of silicon bonds and formation of a protecting aluminum carbonate species. XPS provides support for the suggested mechanism. This passivation is achieved in only one step, solely by aluminium in the precursor. Hence, it is shown that growth, doping and passivation of SiC can be performed as one-pot synthesis. Material without insulating oxide and a limited number of defects is highly valuable for applications involving surface-sensitive charge-transfer reactions, therefore the potential of this method is significant.
title: eIF4E-Dependent Capture of the Monomeric HIV-1 RNA Genome
Creators: name: Singh, Karndeep
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 5'-Capped RNAs
subject: 5'-Capping
subject: eIF4E
subject: ITC
subject: NMR
subject: Protein-RNA Complex

description: The human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) RNA genome’s 5'- untranslated region (5'-Leader, 5'-L) serves as a master regulator for numerous viral replication processes within a cell such as genome dimerization, splicing, packaging, and translation initiation. This 5'-Leader adopts two conformations dependent on the transcriptional start site usage: 5'-capped RNAs beginning with one guanosine (Cap1G) adopt the dimeric conformation whereas 5'-capped RNAs beginning with two or three guanosines (Cap2G and Cap3G, respectively) adopt a monomeric conformation. Published work from our laboratory revealed that Cap1G leader RNAs sequester the 5'-cap through a coaxial stacking of two 5'-hairpins – the TAR and polyA hairpin. This prevents binding to the human eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) cap binding protein – the initial recognition step in cap/eIF4E dependent translation of HIV-1 mRNAs. For the monomeric RNA transcripts, the 5'-cap is exposed and accessible for the recruitment and binding of eIF4E. Therefore, the exposure and sequestration of the 5'-cap (a 7- methylguanosine triphosphate) within the HIV-1 5'-Leader dictates the capture of the RNAtranscripts by cap-dependent translation machinery for translation of viral proteins or genome packaging by the Gag polyprotein, respectively. While it is well-established that cap-dependent translation serves as the primary mechanism of HIV-1 genome translation in eukaryotes, the molecular nature of interactions between Cap3G RNAs and eIF4E remain unknown. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) experiments reveal that the human eIF4E binds to the HIV-1MAL Cap3G RNAs at least 2.5-fold tighter than the 5'-cap, suggesting that RNA elements influence binding of the human eIF4E. Using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy with a variety of selectively labeled 1H-, 15N-, and 13C-labeling schemes, we worked to characterize the first three-dimensional structure of a structured 5'-capped RNA – a HIV- 1MAL Cap3G RNA oligo (~13 kDa) – bound to the human eIF4E (~22 kDa). The 5'-cap forms a pi-pi stacking interaction with two tryptophan residues (W56 and W102) while residues of the TAR hairpin forming electrostatic interactions with eIF4E’s exposed charged residues to orient the RNA oligo out of the 5'-cap binding pocket. Surprisingly, the unstructured residues of the polyA region at the 3'-end interact with lysine residues of eIF4E. Our findings reveal that HIV-1 5'-Leader’s structural elements influence the recruitment and binding of eIF4E, suggesting an additional quality control mechanism that HIV-1 uses to ensure the translation of its Cap3G mRNA transcripts into viral proteins.
Rapid Variability and Annual Cycles in the Characteristic Time-scale of the Scintillating Source PKS 1257-326
Creators: name: Bignall, H. E.
name: Jauncey, D. L.
name: Lovell, J. E. J.
name: Tzioumis, A. K.
name: Kedziora-Chudczer, L.
name: Macquart, J. -P.
name: Tingay, S. J.
name: Rayner, D. P.
name: Clay, R. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rapid radio intra-day variability (IDV) has been discovered in the southern quasar PKS 1257-326. Flux density changes of up to 40% in as little as 45 minutes have been observed in this source, making it, along with PKS 0405-385 and J1819+3845, one of the three most rapid IDV sources known. We have monitored the IDV in this source with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) at 4.8 and 8.6 GHz over the course of the last year, and find a clear annual cycle in the characteristic time-scale of variability. This annual cycle demonstrates unequivocally that interstellar scintillation is the cause of the rapid IDV at radio wavelengths observed in this source. We use the observed annual cycle to constrain the velocity of the scattering material, and the angular size of the scintillating component of PKS 1257-326. We observe a time delay, which also shows an annual cycle, between the similar variability patterns at the two frequencies. We suggest that this is caused by a small (~10 microarcsecond) offset between the centroids of the 4.8 and 8.6 GHz components, and may be due to opacity effects in the source. The statistical properties of the observed scintillation thus enable us to resolve source structure on a scale of ~10 microarcseconds, resolution orders of magnitude higher than current VLBI techniques allow. General implications of scintillation for the physical properties of sources and the turbulent ISM are discussed.
description: 28 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Ultrafast time-scale Berry-phase gates of atomic clock states
Creators: name: Song, Yunheung
name: Lim, Jongseok
name: Ahn, Jaewook
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extremely fast qubit controls can greatly reduce the calculation time in quantum computation, and potentially resolve the finite-time decoherence issues in many physical systems. Here, we propose and experimentally demonstrate pico-second time-scale controls of atomic clock state qubits, using Berry-phase gates implemented with a pair of chirped laser pulses. While conventional methods of microwave or Raman transitions do not allow atomic qubit controls within a time faster than the hyperfine free evolution period, our approach of ultrafast Berry-phase gates accomplishes fast clock-state operations. We also achieves operational robustness against laser parametric noises, since geometric phases are determined by adiabatic evolution pathway only, without being affected by any dynamic details. The experimental implementation is conducted with two linearly polarized, chirped ultrafast optical pulses, interacting with five single rubidium atoms in an array of optical tweezer dipole traps, to demonstrate the proposed ultrafast clock-state gates and their operational robustness.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
title: NANOFABRICATION AND TESTING OF PHOTONICS AND ELECTRONICS DEVICES
Creators: name: Sood, Rachit Mohan
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Antireflection
subject: Fabrication
subject: HEMTs
subject: Nano atoms
subject: Nanostructures
subject: Subwavelength

description: Nanotechnology, with its ability to manipulate matter at the smallest scales has become the cornerstone of modern optoelectronics. One nanometer is equivalent to one billionth or 10-9 of a meter. To put the scale into perspective, the size of a nanometer compared to a meter is similar to the size of a marble compared to the earth. Nanofabrication, arises from nanotechnology, focuses on the methods to build the nanometer scale components, and features with precise accuracy. Through advancements in nanotechnology, photonic devices are tailored to achieve the remarkable control over light at nanoscale dimensions which includes nanostructures for antireflection coatings to enhance the transmission and planar meta lenses to precisely focus the light at certain focal length. Antireflection coatings are used to suppress reflection and increase the optical transmissions, however, these coatings whether it is single layer, or multi-layer cannot withstand the harsh environmental conditions and generally suffers from degradation which deteriorate its optical performances. Inspired from moth eye, subwavelength structures designed periodically were fabricated on the III-V materials, specifically gallium arsenide, to increase its transmittance in the mid-infrared (mid-IR) range wavelengths. Nanopillars structures were fabricated using the top-down approach to pattern the structures directly on the substrate. By varying the pitch of nanostructures, further improvement in the transmission was measured and the results were validated using the rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA) model. Similar nanostructures but much smaller in size were written using the E-beam lithography technique on polysilicon coated quartz sample to focus and reflect the light back at the incident direction. The meta lens was first designed by choosing the phase profiles and simulating the different size nano atoms to generate the transmission and phase values chart. Mapping the phase profile against the correct position of meta-atoms helps to produce the desired delays across the lens.Electronic devices, on the other hand, manipulate the movement of electrons instead of light to process the information. Traditional electronic devices such as MOSFETs and BJTs suffers from charge carrier and low electron mobility which makes them less preferred choice for high frequency applications. High electron mobility transistors or simply HEMTs, which possess reduced scattering and high electron mobility, are therefore used for advanced microwave and millimeter applications. Herein, I have also fabricated InP based HEMTs for the terahertz image detection utilizing the techniques such as MBE, PVD, wet etching and lift off.
Elampus constrictus
Creators: name: Rosa, Paolo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Chrysididae
Elampus
Elampus constrictus

description: Elampus constrictus (FÖRSTER, 1853)
 M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Gilan province: 1♀, Guilan [= Gilan], 65 km NW Ghazvin [= Qazvin], 16.v. 1974, 800 m, leg. Holzschuh & Ressl / ♀ Notozus panzeri F. det. Lins. / Li egg. 89 ex. Coll. J. Schmidt.
I r a n i a n r e c o r d s: Markazi province (ROSA et al. 2013).
description: Published as part of Rosa, Paolo, 2020, New records of Chrysididae from Iran (Hymenoptera), pp. 461-474 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 52 (1) on page 462, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10100184
Nonclassical radiation from diamond nanocrystals
Creators: name: Beveratos, Alexios
name: Brouri, Rosa
name: Gacoin, Thierry
name: Poizat, Jean-Philippe
name: Grangier, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum properties of the fluorescence light emitted by diamond nanocrystals containing a single nitrogen-vacancy (NV) colored center is investigated. We have observed photon antibunching with very low background light. This system is therefore a very good candidate for the production of single photon on demand. In addition, we have measured larger NV center lifetime in nanocrystals than in the bulk, in good agreement with a simple quantum electrodynamical model.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, revised version, to appear in PRA
Is "entanglement" always entangled?
Creators: name: Kracklauer, A. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement, including ``quantum entanglement,'' is a consequence of correlation between objects. When the objects are subunits of pairs which in turn are members of an ensemble described by a wave function, a correlation among the subunits induces the mysterious properties of ``cat-states.'' However, correlation between subsystems can be present from purely non-quantum sources, thereby entailing no unfathomable behavior. Such entanglement arises whenever the so-called ``qubit space'' is not afflicted with Heisenberg Uncertainty. It turns out that all optical experimental realizations of EPR's \emph{Gedanken} experiment in fact do not suffer Heisenberg Uncertainty. Examples will be analyzed and non-quantum models for some of these described. The consequences for experiments that were to test EPR's contention in the form of Bell's Theorem are drawn: \emph{valid tests of EPR's hypothesis have yet to be done.}
description: 5 p. LaTeX + 3 eps & 1 ps fig; v2:typos fixed
Urmiatherium Rodler 1889
Creators: name: Kostopoulos, Dimitrios S.
name: Bernor, Raymond L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Artiodactyla
Bovidae
Urmiatherium

description: Genus Urmiatherium Rodler, 1889
 TYPE SPECIES. — Urmiatherium polaki Rodler, 1889.
description: Published as part of Kostopoulos, Dimitrios S. & Bernor, Raymond L., 2011, The Maragheh bovids (Mammalia, Artiodactyla): systematic revision and biostratigraphiczoogeographic interpretation, pp. 649-708 in Geodiversitas 33 (4) on page 683, DOI: 10.5252/g2011n4a6, http://zenodo.org/record/5377377
Economic feasibility of a second pulpmill in Kenya
Creators: name: Wamugunda, B. G
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: Pulp mills Kenya
subject: Wood-pulp industry Kenya

description: Kenya's forestry has passed through a long exploitation phase which involved the removal of most of the usable timber species followed with the introduction of fast growing exotic species. These offer an assured industrial base because of fast growth rates and are now supporting 1 pulp and paper mill, 4 plywood mills, 3 match factories, 1 particle board mill, 300 sawmills and 1 fibreboard mill. Current production of softwoods exceeds the industrial requirements of the country and a proposal to establish a second pulpmill to utilise excess softwoods was presented to the government a few years ago. This proposal was rejected on the understanding that there are no wood supplies. At the same time the Development Plan [1983-88] has proposed a paper and pulpmill under the Lake Basin Development Authority to utilise bamboo. In addition there are plans for expanding the existing pulpmill from the present production of 49,000 tonnes of pulp to 60,000 tonnes per year. Webuye pulp and paper mill was set up with hopes for enormous benefits for the country in the form of foreign exchange savings and export earnings. It appears to be failing in this because of its heavy foreign debts, capital intensity and the efforts of trying to meet all the paper needs of the country, resulting in inefficient operations. The demand unsatisfied by Webuye cannot justify a second pulp mill which could only depend on a regional rather than a Kenyan market to realise enough economies of scale. Tanzania has established a large Kraft mill which is already in trouble over lack of markets, Malawi is planning a large mill to utilise its large supplies of pines and the region generally does not have as healthy a market for paper products as envisaged years ago. Pursuit of industries for their own sake has influenced many industries in Kenya in the past and a second pulpmill is seen as part of an international concert in industrial financing in some low income countries. Some of these industries have had little regard for the socio-economic conditions existing in the countries and have resulted in economic harm rather than the cure expected. The Kenyan economy is quite promising currently but most rural and urban poor continue to be marginalised by industries that do not take their lot into consideration. A second pulp mill for Kenya fails in improving the foreign exchange position, balance of payments, terms of trade, employment opportunities, contribution to equality and income distribution and most socio-economic "attributes" of industrialisation.
Elampus panzeri
Creators: name: Rosa, Paolo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Chrysididae
Elampus
Elampus panzeri

description: Elampus panzeri (FABRICIUS, 1804)*
 M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Kordestan province: 1♂, 20 km südl. Sanandaj, 11.v.1976, 1300 m, leg. Holzschuh & Ressl / ♂ Notozus constrictus F. det. Lins. / Li egg. 89 ex. Coll. J. Schmidt.
I r a n i a n r e c o r d s: First record.
 D i s t r i b u t i o n: Trans-Palaearctic: Europe, Western Asia, Manchuria (LINSENMAIER 1959, as E. constrictus).
description: Published as part of Rosa, Paolo, 2020, New records of Chrysididae from Iran (Hymenoptera), pp. 461-474 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 52 (1) on page 462, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10100184
Quantum Complexity and Chaos in Young Black Holes
Creators: name: Yosifov, Alexander Y.
name: Filipov, Lachezar G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue the problem of calculating retention time scales in young black holes is a problem of relative state complexity. In particular, we suggest that Alice's ability to estimate the time scale for a perturbed black hole to release the extra $n$ qubits comes down to her decoding the Hilbert space of the Hawking radiation. We then demonstrate the decoding task Alice faces is very difficult, and in order to calculate the relative state complexity she would either need to act with an exponentially complex unitary operator or apply an extremely fine-tuned future precursor operator to the perturbed state in $SU(2^{K})$.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures. Published in the Special Issue "Black Hole Physics and Astrophysics" of Universe
Short-lived p-nuclides in the early solar system and implications on the nucleosynthetic role of X-ray binaries
Creators: name: Dauphas, Nicolas
name: Rauscher, Thomas
name: Marty, Bernard
name: Reisberg, Laurie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The data available for short-lived $p$-nuclides are used in an open nonlinear model of the chemical evolution of the Galaxy in order to discuss the origin of extinct radionuclides, the stellar sources of $p$-nuclides, and the chronology of solar system formation. It is concluded that the observed abundances of $^{97}$Tc, $^{98}$Tc, $^{92}$Nb, and $^{146}$Sm in the early solar system are consistent with nucleosynthesis in type II supernovae during continuous chemical evolution of the Galaxy and a subsequent short isolation of the presolar molecular cloud from fresh nucleosynthetic inputs. However, further work on supernova models is needed before $p$-radionuclides will comprise reliable cosmochronometers. Despite these limitations, we argue that niobium-92 can be used to test whether the {\it rp}-process contributed to the synthesis of light {\it p}-nuclides in the Mo-Ru region.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures. Proceedings of the Nuclear Physics in Astrophysics Conference, Debrecen, Hungary, 2002, to appear in Nucl. Phys. A
title: The Association of Negative Emotions and Stress with Undiagnosed Diabetes in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL)
Creators: name: Splain, Ashley Marie
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Behavioral Medicine
subject: Health Disparities
subject: Type 2 Diabetes

description: Psychological factors play in critical role in disease management, yet most research has focused on sociodemographic factors related to undiagnosed diabetes. Consequently, this study examined associations between psychological factors and diabetes diagnosis status among participants of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. Participants were 1,012 Hispanic/Latino adults (mean (SD) age: 54 (13) years) with T2DM. Individuals self-reporting T2DM or on medication were categorized as diagnosed (68%; N = 669). Three SEM models were examined, 1) trait emotions: anxiety, loneliness, and hopelessness, 2) distinct stressors: lifetime stress and chronic stress, 3) state emotions: depression and perceived stress. Only distinct stressors appeared significant, more chronic stressors (? = .68, p < .001) and fewer lifetime stressors (? = -.56, p = .001) were associated with diagnosed vs. undiagnosed diabetes. Findings suggest that distinct stressors rather than emotional distress may be of greater relevance to diabetes diagnosis status among Hispanics/Latino adults.
Liouville Perturbation Theory
Creators: name: Thorn, Charles B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A comparison is made between proposals for the exact three point function in Liouville quantum field theory and the nonperturbative weak coupling expansion developed long ago by Braaten, Curtright, Ghandour, and Thorn. Exact agreement to the order calculated (i.e. up to and including corrections of order O(g^{10})) is found.
description: 6 pages, LaTeX
title: Broadband Energy Harvester for Tram Vibration Utilizing a 2-DOF Mass-Spring-Damper System
Creators: name: Umar, Hamza
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Broadband Energy
subject: Energy Harvesting
subject: Mass-spring-damper
subject: Vibrational energy

description: This thesis presents a broadband vibrational energy harvesting device that utilizes a varied frequency from a tram using a 2-degree-of-freedom vibrational system combined with electromagnetic energy conversion. This paper will compare the power output for two design configurations of 2-DOF systems: open-end and closed-end designs. A stepwise optimization process is applied to determine (1) mechanical parameters for frequency tuning to adjust to the trams’ operational conditions, and (2) electromagnetic parameters for the whole system design to maximize power output. The 1st step will determine mechanical design parameters for frequency tuning: masses (mi) and spring constants (ki). The 2nd step will use these parameters as initial guesses and present electrical parameters and damping coefficients (ci) to maximize the power output in the frequency band of interest. The design results indicate that the closed-end design has a preferable performance, compared to the open-end design, in terms of broadband vibration energy harvesting with higher average power as well as manufacturability within design constraints.
Booster cushion design effects on child occupant kinematics and loading assessed using the PIPER 6-year-old HBM and the Q10 ATD in frontal impacts
Creators: name: Bohman, Katarina
name: Östh, Jonas
name: Jakobsson, Lotta
name: Stockman, Isabelle
name: Wimmerstedt, Maria
name: Wallin, Helena
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Our objective was to study the effect on child occupant kinematics and loading by differences in booster cushion designs and attachment in a frontal impact. Three different booster cushion designs were exposed to a frontal impact in vehicle rear seat interiors. The boosters were selected based on their difference in shape, stiffness, and guiding loop design. Tests were run varying the shoulder belt routing above or under the guiding loop, in addition to with or without attachment of the booster cushion to the vehicle ISOFIX anchorages. Eighteen simulations with the finite element PIPER 6-year-old human body model (HBM) were run investigating all combinations of parameters, in addition to 3 sled tests with a Q10 anthropomorphic test dummy (ATD). Across 2 different child sizes, using an HBM and an ATD, respectively, consistent sensitivity to the booster design differences were seen. Boosters providing similar initial static belt fit can result in different occupant responses during a crash, due to the design of the boosters and their dynamic performance. Compression of the booster cushion resulted in a delayed pelvis restraint, influencing the upper body kinematics. The guiding loop design as well as the belt routing above or under the guide also influenced the upper body kinematics and shoulder belt interaction. Early pelvis coupling to initiate torso pitch, and thereby an upper torso motion controlled by the shoulder belt, is the preferred occupant protection for booster-seated children. A stable mid-shoulder belt position centered over the chest initially is a prerequisite. Additionally, it was seen that the design of the guiding loops helps provide favorable interaction with the torso during the crash. The option to allow the shoulder belt to be placed above and under the guiding loops will accommodate a larger span of child sizes and adapt to more vehicle seat belt geometries. This study provides evidence that the design of the booster cushion plays an important role in creating an early pelvis coupling, as well as supporting favorable torso–shoulder belt interaction.
The optical and near-infrared spectrum of the Crab pulsar with X-shooter
Creators: name: Sollerman, J.
name: Selsing, J.
name: Vreeswijk, P. M.
name: Lundqvist, P.
name: Nyholm, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pulsars are well studied all over the electromagnetic spectrum, and the Crab pulsar may be the most studied object in the sky. Nevertheless, a high-quality optical to near-infrared spectrum of the Crab or any other pulsar has not been published to date. Obtaining a properly flux-calibrated spectrum enables us to measure the spectral index of the pulsar emission, without many of the caveats from previous studies. This was the main aim of this project, but we could also detect absorption and emission features from the pulsar and nebula over an unprecedentedly wide wavelength range. A spectrum was obtained with the X-shooter spectrograph on the Very Large Telescope. Particular care was given to the flux-calibration of these data. A high signal-to-noise spectrum of the Crab pulsar was obtained from 300 to 2400nm. The spectral index fitted to this spectrum is flat with alpha_nu=0.16 +- 0.07. For the emission lines we measure a maximum velocity of 1600 km/s, whereas the absorption lines from the material between us and the pulsar is unresolved at the 50 km/s resolution. A number of Diffuse Interstellar Bands and a few near-IR emission lines that have previously not been reported from the Crab are highlighted.
description: This is the version resubmitted to A&A with replies to th first referee report
Galaxy merging and the Fundamental Plane of elliptical galaxies
Creators: name: Nipoti, Carlo
name: Londrillo, Pasquale
name: Ciotti, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present preliminary results of numerical simulations of dissipationless merging of stellar systems, aimed at exploring the consequences of merging between gas free, spheroidal systems. In particular, we study the dynamical and structural characteristics of hierarchical merging between equal mass stellar systems, and we compare the properties of the end-products with the most important structural and dynamical scaling relations obeyed by spheroids. In the explored hierarchy of four successive mergings we find that the FP tilt is marginally conserved, but both the Faber-Jackson and Kormendy relations are not conserved.
description: 2 pages, to appear on ESO Astrophysics Symposia "The Mass of Galaxies at Low and High Redshift", R. Bender and A. Renzini, eds
Statistical distribution of quantum correlation induced by multiple scattering in the disordered medium
Creators: name: Li, Dong
name: Yao, Yao
name: Li, Mo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the quantum correlations between scattered modes in the disordered media, the previous works focus mainly on the cases where the inputs are non-superposed states, for instance, products of Fock states [Phys. Rev. Letts. 105 (2010) 090501]. A natural question that arises is how the superpositions affect the quantum correlations. Following this trail, the comparison between superpositions and products of Fock states is performed. It is found an interesting phenomenon that for the superposition and the corresponding product of Fock state (non-Gaussian states), their averaged quantum correlations are nearly same, whereas the distributions of their quantum correlations might be different. Therefore, superpositions may affect the distributions of the quantum correlations. In addition, to examine how the Gaussian states affect the quantum correlations, we compare the typical Gaussian states with the non-Gaussian states (superpositions and products of Fock states). It is discovered that the non-Gaussian-state input could result in the quantum correlation that is either positive or negative, depending on the number of the input modes and the number of the photons in each mode, whereas the Gaussian-state input always leads to the non-negative quantum correlation. Besides, it is demonstrated that with the increase of the disorder strength, the mean strength of the quantum correlation increases for multi-mode-state inputs (except for multi-mode-coherent-state inputs). These results may be useful to control and adjust the quantum properties of scattered modes after the quantized lights propagating through the disordered medium.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures
Philoctetes kuznetzovi
Creators: name: Rosa, Paolo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Chrysididae
Philoctetes
Philoctetes kuznetzovi

description: Philoctetes kuznetzovi (SEMENOV, 1932)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Isfahan province: 1♂, Iran North, Kašan [= Kashan] env. 3.v.1999, leg. K. Deneš sen.
I r a n i a n r e c o r d s: Fars and Isfahan provinces (FARHAD et al. 2018).
description: Published as part of Rosa, Paolo, 2020, New records of Chrysididae from Iran (Hymenoptera), pp. 461-474 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 52 (1) on page 464, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10100184
"A unified acoustic-to-speech-to-language embedding space captures the neural basis of natural language processing in everyday conversations" Encoding Code
Creators: name: Gazula, Harshvardhan
name: Zada, Zaid
name: Wang, Haocheng
name: Niekerken, Leonard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Encoding code for "A unified acoustic-to-speech-to-language embedding space captures the neural basis of natural language processing in everyday conversations"