cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
ЖЕЛЕЗНОДОРОЖНЫЕ ПЕРЕВОЗКИ КАК СОСТАВЛЯЮЩАЯ ТУРИСТСКОГО РЕСУРСНОГО ПОТЕНЦИАЛА: МИРОВОЙ И РОССИЙСКИЙ КОНТЕКСТ
Creators: name: ЮДИНА ЕЛЕНА ВЛАДИМИРОВНА
name: СЕМЕНОВА ЛЮДМИЛА ВАЛЕРЬЕВНА
name: ЛАГУСЕВ ЮРИЙ МИХАЙЛОВИЧ
name: ГОНЧАРОВА ОКСАНА ВЛАДИМИРОВНА
name: АФАНАСЬЕВА АЛЕКСАНДРА ВЛАДИСЛАВОВНА
Publisher: name: Сервис в России и за рубежом
Year: 2020
Subjects: RAILWAY TOURISM
TOURIST RESOURCE POTENTIAL
TOURIST RAIL TRAILS
ЖЕЛЕЗНОДОРОЖНЫЙ ТУРИЗМ
ТУРИСТСКИЙ РЕСУРСНЫЙ ПОТЕНЦИАЛ
ЖЕЛЕЗНОДОРОЖНЫЕ ТУРИСТСКИЕ ТРОПЫ

description: Железнодорожный транспорт играет важную роль в туризме, выступая одновременно и способом передвижения, и отдельной туристической аттракцией, однако объемы железнодорожных перевозок в туризме сегодня неуклонно снижаются. Это обусловлено географическим положением отдельных макрорегионов и стран, размещением туристских центров, особенностями использования утративших функциональное значение транспортных сетей. Все это обуславливает необходимость комплексного изучения места и значения железнодорожного транспорта в туризме. В частности, в статье рассматриваются современные тренды в развитии железнодорожных перевозок в туризме и география этого вида транспорта в туристическом сегменте. Европейский макрорегион отличается наибольшей долей железнодорожных пассажирских перевозок в туризме, в связи с этим авторами отобраны десять наиболее значимых европейских железнодорожных транспортных компании и дана их характеристика. Крупнейшие перевозчики сегодня активно ориентируются на сферу туризма, их сайты адаптированы для путешественников разных стран и позволяют туристам самостоятельно планировать свой маршрут. Железнодорожный транспорт является основой для транспортных туров и экскурсий, а также для железнодорожных круизов. Еще одной важной тенденцией вовлечения железнодорожного транспорт в туризм является формирование так называемых железнодорожных троп - концептуальных рекреационных пространств на основе заброшенных транспортных веток.
Estimation distribution algorithms based on extreme elitism and their application in engineering optimization problems
Creators: name: Gao, Shujun
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: This dissertation modifies several estimation distribution algorithms (EDAs) and implements them in engineering optimization problems. The EDAs are population-based evolutionary algorithms, which employ extreme elitism selection. The main work of the present study is outlined below. First, an approach of extreme elitism selection is developed for EDAs. This selection highlights the effect of a few top solutions and advances EDAs to form a primary evolutionary direction. Simultaneously, this selection can also maintain population diversity to make EDAs avoid premature convergence. EDAs with the new selection approach are tested using a set of benchmark low-dimensional and high-dimensional optimization problems. The experimental results show that the EDA based on univariate marginal Gaussian distribution (UMGD) with extreme elitism selection can outperform some other classical evolution algorithms for most problems. Second, the EDA based on UMGD with extreme elitism is implemented for solving the inverse displacement problem (IDP) of a robotic manipulator. This EDA is compared with the EDAs with other selection methods in solving the IDP of a 4-degree-of-freedom (DOF) robotic arm. Next the algorithm is integrated with differential mutation to solve the IDP of a 7-DOF robotic arm. After that, the proposed algorithm is used to search for satisfactory solutions as a continuous curve. The simulation results show this algorithm can reach real time speeds, in practical applications. Third, EDAs based on five different Gaussian distributions are proposed to solve optimization problems with various types of constraints like equality, inequality, linear, nonlinear, continuous or discontinuous. It is found the EDA based on a single multivariate Gaussian distribution with extreme elitism selection can outperform other EDAs. Besides, this EDA has good performance for four engineering design problems. Fourth, EDA is combined with differential mutation to solve multi-objective optimization problems (MOPs). The hybrid algorithm seeks to find the Pareto optimal front for MOPs. EDAs guide the search direction in the evolution while differential mutation keeps a diversified population. A new sampling method that uses more Gaussian models to generate offspring is specially designed for the EDAs for MOPs. In light of no-free-lunch theorem, different probabilistic models and programing codes are adopted for different MOPs.
Automatisierte Winkeloptimierung bei der IMRT der Prostata
Creators: name: Treutwein, Marius
name: Hipp, Matthias
name: Bogner, Ludwig
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Gantrywinkeloptimierung, IMRT, Prostata
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Einführung Das Ziel dieser Planungsstudie ist es, die Qualität einer automatisierten Winkeloptimierung zu überprüfen, die optional im IMRT-Optimierungsmodul des Planungssystems Oncentra MasterPlan der Fa. Nucletron zur Verfügung steht. Als Maßstab wird ein IMRT-Plan mit gleichförmiger Winkelverteilung gewählt. Material und Methode In die Planungsstudie wurden fünf Patienten aufgenommen, für die eine primäre EBRT vorgesehen waren. Das der Planung zugrunde liegende CT wurde mit 5mm Schichtabstand gefahren. Die Patienten wurden mit Hilfe einer Vakuummatratze gelagert (BlueBAG, BodyFIX, Medical Intelligence). Im Bestrahlungsplanungssystem wurde der Datensatz eines Beschleunigers vom Typ Primus der Fa. Siemens gewählt, der über einen MLC mit einer Lamellenbreite von 1cm im Isozentrum verfügt. Zuerst wurde ein Plan mit sieben gleichverteilten Winkeln optimiert, die bei 0, 51, 103, 154, 206, 257 und 308 Grad lagen. Hierfür wurde der Direct Step and Shoot – Algorithmus (DSS) mit direkter Maschinenparameteroptimierung verwendet. Rektum und Harnblase wurden als Organs at Risc (OAR) konturiert. Zur Vermeidung von Überdosierungen im Normalgewebe wurden mit einem Abstand von etwa 1cm um das PTV herum sogenannte Hilfsstrukturen definiert. Die gewählten Objectives sind in Tabelle 1 notiert. Im Anschluss wurde mit den gleichen Startparametern ein zweiter Plan mit Winkeloptimierung gerechnet. Dieser wird nach Herstelleranleitung in zwei Schritten durchgeführt: Zuerst werden mit einer gröberen IMRT-Optimierung die Gantrywinkel variiert; dann wird mit den gefundenen Winkeln noch mal eine DSS-Optimierung gestartet. Nach der Optimierung wurden beide Pläne auf den Mittelwert im PTV normiert. Das gewählte Fraktionierungsschema waren 30 mal 2,0 Gy. Ergebnisse Tabelle 2 listet neben der D95 und D5 im PTV die mittlere Dosis in den OARs auf. Die Tabellenwerte sind Mittelwerte über alle fünf Patienten. Die Angabe der Dosis erfolgt in Prozent. Wie aus der Tabelle zu ersehen ist, führt die automatisierte Winkeloptimierung in diesem Fall nicht zu besseren Werten für das PTV und die OARs. Diskussion Die Winkeloptimierung bringt hier nicht den gewünschten Effekt. Sicherlich ist der Algorithmus noch nicht ausgereift. Dies wurde im Entwicklerteam der Fa. Raysearch erkannt und wird weiterentwickelt. (Pers. Mitteilung D. Hedfors)
A 5˚C Arctic in a 2˚C World: Challenges and Recommendations for Immediate Action
Creators: name: Schlosser, Peter
name: Pfirman, Stephanie L.
name: Pomerance, Rafe
name: Williams, Margaret
name: Ack, Brad
name: Duffy, Phil
name: Eicken, Hajo
name: Latif, Mojib
name: Murray, Maribeth
name: Wallace, Doug
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Global warming
Climatic changes
Climate change mitigation
Climatic changes--International cooperation

description: The Columbia Climate Center, in partnership with World Wildlife Fund, Woods Hole Research Center, and Arctic 21, held a workshop titled A 5*C Arctic in a 2*C World on July 20 and 21, 2016. The workshop was co-sponsored by the International Arctic Research Center (University of Alaska Fairbanks), the Arctic Institute of North America (Canada), the MEOPAR Network (Marine Environmental Observation, Prediction, and Response), and the Future Ocean Excellence Cluster. The goal of the workshop was to advance thinking on the science and policy implications of the temperature change in the context of the 1.5 to <2*C warming expected for the globe, as discussed during the 21st session of the Conference of the Parties of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change at Paris in 2015. For the Arctic, such an increase means an anticipated increase of roughly 3.5 to 5*C. An international group of 41 experts shared perspectives on the regional and global impacts of an up to +5*C Arctic, examined the feasibility of actively lowering Arctic temperatures, and considered realistic time scales associated with such interventions. The group also discussed the science and the political and governance actions required for alternative Arctic futures.
Electron-phonon scattering dynamics in ferromagnetic metals and their influence on ultrafast demagnetization processes
Creators: name: Essert, Sven
name: Schneider, Hans Christian
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 75.78.Jp, 75.70.Tj, 78.47.J-

description: We theoretically investigate spin-dependent carrier dynamics due to the electron-phonon interaction after ultrafast optical excitation in ferromagnetic metals. We calculate the electron-phonon matrix elements including the spin-orbit interaction in the electronic wave functions and the interaction potential. Using the matrix elements in Boltzmann scattering integrals, the momentum-resolved carrier distributions are obtained by solving their equation of motion numerically. We find that the optical excitation with realistic laser intensities alone leads to a negligible magnetization change, and that the demagnetization due to electron-phonon interaction is mostly due to hole scattering. Importantly, the calculated demagnetization quenching due to this Elliot-Yafet-type depolarization mechanism is not large enough to explain the experimentally observed result. We argue that the ultrafast demagnetization of ferromagnets does not occur exclusively via an Elliott-Yafet type process, i.e., scattering in the presence of the spin-orbit interaction, but is influenced to a large degree by a dynamical change of the band structure, i.e., the exchange splitting.
Commissioning of volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) in a dual-vendor environment
Creators: name: Dobler, Barbara
name: Groeger, Christian
name: Treutwein, Marius
name: Alvarez Moret, Judith
name: Goetzfried, Thomas
name: Weidner, Karin
name: Härtl, Petra
name: Koelbl, Oliver
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT); Commissioning; Clinical implementation
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Methods and results for commissioning of the complete VMAT delivery chain are presented for the combination of Nucletron's Oncentra MasterPlan® v3.3 with Elekta's Mosaiq® v1.6 and SynergyS® linac. VMAT specific linac commissioning included determination of the size of the minimal dynamic leaf gap. Dosimetric validation of the complete treatment chain was performed using a 2D-ionization-chamber-array and showed excellent dosimetric results.
ПРОБЛЕМЫ БЮДЖЕТНЫХ СРЕДСТВ РАЗМЕЩЕНИЯ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ В РАМКАХ ЗАКОНОДАТЕЛЬНЫХ РЕШЕНИЙ
Creators: name: ФРОЛОВ АЛЕКСАНДР ЛЬВОВИЧ
name: ДУХОВНАЯ ЛИЛИЯ ЛЕОНИДОВНА
Publisher: name: Сервис в России и за рубежом
Year: 2020
Subjects: ХОСТЕЛЫ
БЮДЖЕТНЫЕ СРЕДСТВА РАЗМЕЩЕНИЯ
КОЛЛЕКТИВНЫЕ СРЕДСТВА РАЗМЕЩЕНИЯ (КСР)
ЗАКОНОДАТЕЛЬНЫЕ АКТЫ
ПОТРЕБИТЕЛЬСКИЕ ПРЕДПОЧТЕНИЯ
ЖИЛОЙ ФОНД
НЕЖИЛОЙ ФОНД
HOSTELS
INEXPENSIVE ACCOMMODATION FACILITIES
COLLECTIVE ACCOMMODATION FACILITIES
LEGISLATIVE ACTS
CONSUMER PREFERENCES
HOUSING STOCK
NON-RESIDENTIAL FUND

description: В статье рассматриваются современные тенденции и перспективы развития бюджетного сегмента средств размещения, а именно хостелов в рамках принятия поправки к Жилищному кодексу РФ, получившего название «Закон Хованской». Как достаточно уникальный тип коллективных средств размещения, хостелы имеют свою историю. В нашей стране, появившись относительно недавно как вариант лоукост-размещения, этот сегмент сумел прочно закрепиться на рынке, завоевать доверие и потребительскую лояльность большого числа российских и иностранных туристов. Пройдя достаточно непростой путь развития, сегодня в нашей стране, в рамках последних законодательных решений, владельцы этого бизнеса столкнулись с рядом сложных, порой неразрешимых проблем. Вместе с тем, в целом ряде популярных туристских центров, таких как Москва, Санкт-Петербург, Сочи, Крым, Калининградская область и др. подобный тип коллективных средств размещения занимает значительную, а иногда и основную часть регионального рынка гостиничного бизнеса. Вступление с 01 октября 2019 года в силу Закона о хостелах ставит под угрозу существование этих средств размещение, что неизбежно приведет к снижению численности внутреннего и въездного туристского потока, что негативно скажется на экономике данных регионов. Тем не менее, сегодня существует ряд мер, позволяющих владельцам данного бизнеса легализоваться с последующим внесением ряда изменений в характер своей деятельности. В дальнейшем ситуация на рынке бюджетных средств размещения во многом будет зависеть от гибкости, совершенствования и возможных последующих изменений, который возможно найдут отражение в новых законодательных инициативах.
Glacial to Holocene changes in trans-Atlantic Saharan dust transport and dust-climate feedbacks
Creators: name: Williams, Ross H.
name: McGee, David
name: Kinsley, Christopher W.
name: Ridley, David A.
name: Hu, Shineng
name: Fedorov, Alexey
name: Tal, Irit
name: Murray, Richard W.
name: DeMenocal, Peter B.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Paleoclimatology
Mineral dusts
Ocean-atmosphere interaction

description: Saharan mineral dust exported over the tropical North Atlantic is thought to have significant impacts on regional climate and ecosystems, but limited data exist documenting past changes in long-range dust transport. This data gap limits investigations of the role of Saharan dust in past climate change, in particular during the mid-Holocene, when climate models consistently underestimate the intensification of the West African monsoon documented by paleorecords. We present reconstructions of African dust deposition in sediments from the Bahamas and the tropical North Atlantic spanning the last 23,000 years. Both sites show early and mid-Holocene dust fluxes 40 to 50% lower than recent values and maximum dust fluxes during the deglaciation, demonstrating agreement with records from the northwest African margin. These quantitative estimates of trans-Atlantic dust transport offer important constraints on past changes in dust-related radiative and biogeochemical impacts. Using idealized climate model experiments to investigate the response to reductions in Saharan dust’s radiative forcing over the tropical North Atlantic, we find that small (0.15°C) dust-related increases in regional sea surface temperatures are sufficient to cause significant northward shifts in the Atlantic Intertropical Convergence Zone, increased precipitation in the western Sahel and Sahara, and reductions in easterly and northeasterly winds over dust source regions. Our results suggest that the amplifying feedback of dust on sea surface temperatures and regional climate may be significant and that accurate simulation of dust’s radiative effects is likely essential to improving model representations of past and future precipitation variations in North Africa.
ОПЫТ РАЗРАБОТКИ ИММЕРСИВНЫХ АУДИОЭКСКУРСИЙ НА SMART-ПЛАТФОРМЕ QWIXI
Creators: name: АФАНАСЬЕВ ОЛЕГ ЕВГЕНЬЕВИЧ
Publisher: name: Сервис в России и за рубежом
Year: 2020
Subjects: AUDIO-TOURS
AUDIO-TOUR PRODUCT
QWIXI SMART PLATFORM
METHODOLOGY FOR DEVELOPING AUDIO-TOUR
IMMERSIVE AUDIO-TOURS
АУДИОЭКСКУРСИЯ
АУДИОЭКСКУРСИОННЫЙ ПРОДУКТ
СМАРТ-ПЛАТФОРМА QWIXI
МЕТОДИКА РАЗРАБОТКИ АУДИОЭКСКУРСИЙ
ИММЕРСИВНЫЕ АУДИОЭКСКУРСИИ

description: В статье рассматриваются практические механизмы проектирования и разработки современных аудиоэкскурсионных продуктов. Методика разработки аудиоэкскурсионного продукта во многом тождественна методике разработки классической экскурсии, но включает в себя также: а) множество технических аспектов, обусловленных спецификой платформы; б) особые требования, предъявляемые к проектированию маршрута экскурсии; в) необходимость продумать систему аудиоуказаний для перемещения по маршруту и обеспечить восприятие экскурсии слушателем без физического присутствия экскурсовода; г) при реализации аудиоэкскурсий должна быть составлена методическая разработка, включающая контрольный текст, карту-схему маршрута, технологическую карту, паспорта объектов основного показа, а также дополнительные иллюстративные объекты, которые можно подгрузить к отдельным точкам маршрута в виде своеобразного «портфеля экскурсовода». В статье также приведена методика определения целевой аудитории потребителей того или иного аудиоэкскурсионного продукта. Представлен опыт разработки студентами РГУТИС двух иммерсивных аудиоэкскурсий на платформе Qwixi Tour - «Шестигранная Москва: Сквозь время за масонами» и «Жил-был Сергиев Посад…». Полученный эмпирическим путем опыт и выработанная методика разработки аудиоэкскурсионных продуктов свидетельствует о неограниченных возможностях для реализации практически любого проекта увлеченным своим делом специалистом-экскурсоводом, которые предоставляют современные аудиоэкскурсионные платформы. Содержащиеся примеры расчета экономической себестоимости разработки и реализации аудиоэкскурсионного продукта свидетельствуют о возможности для любого экскурсовода сформировать востребованный на рынке и прибыльный продукт, реализуемый на смарт-платформе Qwixi. Опыт разработанные аудиоэкскурсии содержат в себе такие элементы, как развлечение, обучение, эстетика, уход от реальности, вместе составляющие концепцию «экономики впечатлений», роль которой на рынке услуг всё более возрастает.
Efforts towards syntheses of marine natural products
Creators: name: Loosley, Benjamin Charles
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: This thesis describes work attempting to synthesize and derivatize marine natural products. Chapter 1 outlines a brief history of natural products chemistry. It explains why modern medicines are commonly derived from natural sources using historical examples. It also explains why natural products chemists have turned to organisms in the oceans for exploration into new and unique molecular frameworks and biological activities. Chapter 2 describes the work done towards total synthesis of the marine natural product cladoniamide G. The successful approach involves coupling a halogenated 2,2-bisindole with an unsymmetric, tricarbonyl electrophile. It also describes work towards synthesis of analogues, including attempts to glycosylate the natural product. Chapter 3 is the first chapter that discusses work towards total synthesis of a second marine natural product, nahuoic acid A. This chapter focuses on synthesis of a linear cycloaddition precursor that resembles an intermediate in the presumed biosynthetic pathway. The work in this chapter culminates in attempts at a Diels-Alder reaction to form a cis-decalin system. Chapter 4 also focuses on work towards total synthesis of nahuoic acid A. However, the work in this chapter uses a Diels-Alder reaction to form a cis-decalin system early, and then focuses on the challenges of functionalizing the decalin. Four general approaches to functionalization are investigated: conjugate additions, nucleophilic substitutions, sigmatropic rearrangements, and metal catalyzed cycloisomerizations.
Past and future rainfall in the Horn of Africa
Creators: name: Tierney, Jessica E.
name: Ummenhofer, Caroline C.
name: DeMenocal, Peter B.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Paleoclimatology
Rain and rainfall
Rain and rainfall--Forecasting
Drought forecasting
Climatic changes

description: fomented drought and famine, threatening food security in an already vulnerable region. Some attribute this decline to anthropogenic forcing, whereas others maintain that it is a feature of internal climate variability. We show that the rate of drying in the Horn of Africa during the 20th century is unusual in the context of the last 2000 years, is synchronous with recent global and regional warming, and therefore may have an anthropogenic component. In contrast to 20th century drying, climate models predict that the Horn of Africa will become wetter as global temperatures rise. The projected increase in rainfall mainly occurs during the September–November “short rains” season, in response to large-scale weakening of the Walker circulation. Most of the models overestimate short rains precipitation while underestimating long rains precipitation, causing the Walker circulation response to unrealistically dominate the annual mean. Our results highlight the need for accurate simulation of the seasonal cycle and an improved understanding of the dynamics of the long rains season to predict future rainfall in the Horn of Africa.
On a Poisson summation formula for noncommutative tori
Creators: name: Nikolaev, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F72, 46L85

description: It is proved that a maximal abelian subalgebra of the noncommutative torus commutes with the Laplace operator on a complex torus. As a corollary, one gets an analog of the Poisson summation formula for noncommutative tori.
description: to appear Complex Analysis and Operator Theory
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ИНФОРМАЦИОННО-КОММУНИКАЦИОННЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ ДЛЯ ПРОДВИЖЕНИЯ ТУРИСТСКИХ ДЕСТИНАЦИЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ МОРДОВИЯ РАЗНОГО ИЕРАРХИЧЕСКОГО УРОВНЯ
Creators: name: КИЦИС ВЯЧЕСЛАВ МИХАЙЛОВИЧ
name: КЕДРОВА ЕКАТЕРИНА ВЛАДИМИРОВНА
Publisher: name: Сервис в России и за рубежом
Year: 2020
Subjects: ТУРИСТСКАЯ ДЕСТИНАЦИЯ
ИНФОРМАЦИОННО-КОММУНИКАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ
ИЕРАРХИЧЕСКИЙ УРОВЕНЬ
ПРОДВИЖЕНИЕ
РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫЙ ТУРПРОДУКТ
ИНФОРМАТИЗАЦИЯ
ТУРИСТСКО-ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЙ ПОРТАЛ
TOURIST DESTINATION
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES
PROMOTION
HIERARCHICAL LEVELS
REGIONAL TOURISM PRODUCT
INFORMATIZATION
TOURIST INFORMATION PORTAL GRATITUDE

description: В статье отражены теоретические и практические аспекты продвижения туристских дестинаций разного иерархического уровня с использованием информационно-коммуникационных технологий. Предметом исследования выступают туристские дестинации разного иерархического уровня. Целью исследования является изучение туристских дестинаций разного иерархического уровня как объектов продвижения, выявление их общих и частных особенностей и предложение эффективных инструментов информационно-коммуникационных технологий для их продвижения. В ходе работы выявлены общие особенности туристских дестинаций как объекта продвижения и частные особенности нескольких иерархических уровней в зависимости от масштаба территории. Раскрыты преимущества и возможности использования ИКТ как эффективного инструмента продвижения туристского продукта дестинации. Результатом работы являются сформулированные принципы и эффективные инструменты информационно-коммуникационных технологий для продвижения туристских дестинаций разного иерархического уровня на основе их особенностей как объекта продвижения, а также особенностей каждого уровня. Помимо этого, рассмотрен непосредственный механизм их использования на примере внедрения данных инструментов ИКТ в процесс продвижения туристского потенциала Республики Мордовия. Полученные результаты целесообразно применять властными и туристскими организациями и учреждениями, заинтересованными в продвижении туристского потенциала территории, ее маркетинга и менеджмента, туристско-информационными центрами, а также для построения стратегии развития туризма в регионе, программ продвижения регионального туристского продукта, внедрения инструментов ИКТ для целей рекреации и туризма. Предложенные в работе принципы и идеи, а также опыт реализованных на территории Республики Мордовия проектов, могут быть использованы в рамках реализации проектов по развитию туризма в других регионах РФ, туристских центрах и туристских дестинациях.
Treatment of Prostate Cancer: A Planning Study Comparison of Direct Step and Shoot IMRT and VMAT Optimisation
Creators: name: Treutwein, Marius
name: Hipp, Matthias
name: Weidner, Karin
name: Kölbl, Oliver
name: Dobler, Barbara
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: IMRT, Intensity modulated radiotherapy, VMAT, volumetric modulated arc therapy, prostate cancer
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Background and Purpose: Intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) is an established technique for the treatment of prostate cancer. Volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) has recently been introduced clinically. Nucletron BV (Veenendal, Netherlands) offers both optimisation algorithms on the same platform in Oncentra® MasterPlan 3.3. Methods: In this planning study five patients with localised prostate cancer are enrolled to compare these two algorithms. The planning target volume (PTV) and the rectum volume, urinary bladder and femoral heads are delineated as organs at risk (OAR). Collimator and table angles are kept fixed during the treatment. The planning is accomplished using the machine data of a SynergyS linear accelarator of the Elekta Company. For the IMRT seven equispaced beams are chosen, starting at a gantry angle of 0°, followed by 51°, 103°, 154°, 206°, 257° and 309°. The VMAT calculations are made based on a dual arc technique rotating from 182° to 178° and back. The dose-volume objectives are kept identical: Planning Target Volume minimum dose 68 Gy, maximum dose 72 Gy, both weighted 3000, urinary bladder 40 Gy to 50% of the volume, weight 1000, rectum 40 Gy to 30% of the volume, weight 1000, and both femoral heads set to a maximum dose of 30 Gy, weight 300. Average doses for the organs at risk and target dose homogeneity H are evaluated.The homogeneity is hereby defined as (D5-D95)/DAV. Furthermore the number of monitor units are compared. For one representative case the treatment times are measured. Results: The results of the dose distribution are rather similar: the average homogeneity for the VMAT plans is 0.088, in IMRT 0.094, both exceed the dose-volume objectives for the rectum (46,1 and 44,7 Gy) and the bladder (43,3 and 44.1 Gy). The objectives for the femoral heads are kept rather well although the weight is low (34,1 and 32,1 Gy). The number of monitor units is clearly higher for the VMAT plans than for the IMRT (1016 and 698 MU). But as the measurement of the treatment times in one representative case (1088 and 775 MU) shows, there is nevertheless an advantage in treatment time for the VMAT case (8,09 min versus 10,14 min). Conclusion: The results of the dose distribution are similar enough that VMAT is an interesting alternative for the treatment of prostate cancer. The treatment time, which is the crucial factor regarding intrafractional organ movements is advantageous for the VMAT technique.
Lepton number, black hole entropy and 10 to the 32 copies of the Standard Model
Creators: name: Kovalenko, Sergey
name: Päs, Heinrich
name: Schmidt, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lepton number violating processes are a typical problem in theories with a low quantum gravity scale. In this paper we examine lepton number violation (LNV) in theories with a saturated black hole bound on a large number of species. Such theories have been advocated recently as a possible solution to the hierarchy problem and an explanation of the smallness of neutrino masses. Naively one would expect black holes to introduce TeV scale LNV operators, thus generating unacceptably large rates of LNV processes. We show, however, that this does not happen in this scenario due to a complicated compensation mechanism between contributions of different Majorana neutrino states to these processes. As a result rates of LNV processes are extremely small and far beyond experimental reach, at least for the left-handed neutrino states.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Proc. PASCOS 2010, Valencia, Spain
Granularität von Services – eine ökonomische Analyse
Creators: name: Heinrich, Bernd
name: Henneberger, Matthias
name: Krammer, Alexander
name: Lautenbacher, Florian
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Serviceorientierte Architektur – Granularität – Metriken – Ökonomische Bewertung
subject: 330 Wirtschaft

description: Serviceorientierte Architekturen werden für die Gestaltung von Anwendungs- und Unternehmensarchitekturen intensiv diskutiert. Dennoch wurde die Frage nach einer adäquaten Granularität von Services unter ökonomischen Aspekten bisher kaum erforscht. Je feiner die Granularität von Services zur Realisierung der Funktionen eines Prozesses gewählt wird, desto größer ist die Anzahl der notwendigen Services. Dadurch steigt der Kompositionsaufwand. Sehr grobgranulare Services hingegen besitzen den Nachteil, dass ihr Realisierungsaufwand höher ist und die Chance zur Mehrfachverwendung (bspw. in verschiedenen Prozessen) sinkt. Im Beitrag wird daher ein Modell entwickelt, das die Entscheidung bezüglich der Granularität von Services unter ökonomischen Aspekten unterstützt und auf diese Weise bestehende Freiheitsgrade nutzt, die eine rein fachlich orientierte Festlegung der Granularität noch offenlässt. Das Entscheidungsmodell wird am Fallbeispiel einer Bank demonstriert, um die Anwendbarkeit und den praktischen Nutzen zu veranschaulichen.
Pliocene oceanic seaways and global climate
Creators: name: Karas, Cyrus
name: Nurnberg, Dirk
name: Bahr, Andre
name: Groeneveld, Jeroen
name: Herrle, Jens O.
name: Tiedemann, Ralf
name: DeMenocal, Peter B.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Paleoceanography
Paleoclimatology
Climatic changes
Ocean-atmosphere interaction

description: Tectonically induced changes in oceanic seaways had profound effects on global and regional climate during the Late Neogene. The constriction of the Central American Seaway reached a critical threshold during the early Pliocene ~4.8–4 million years (Ma) ago. Model simulations indicate the strengthening of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) with a signature warming response in the Northern Hemisphere and cooling in the Southern Hemisphere. Subsequently, between ~4–3 Ma, the constriction of the Indonesian Seaway impacted regional climate and might have accelerated the Northern Hemisphere Glaciation. We here present Pliocene Atlantic interhemispheric sea surface temperature and salinity gradients (deduced from foraminiferal Mg/Ca and stable oxygen isotopes, δ18O) in combination with a recently published benthic stable carbon isotope (δ13C) record from the southernmost extent of North Atlantic Deep Water to reconstruct gateway-related changes in the AMOC mode. After an early reduction of the AMOC at ~5.3 Ma, we show in agreement with model simulations of the impacts of Central American Seaway closure a strengthened AMOC with a global climate signature. During ~3.8–3 Ma, we suggest a weakening of the AMOC in line with the global cooling trend, with possible contributions from the constriction of the Indonesian Seaway.
The 2016 Southeastern U.S. Drought: An Extreme Departure From Centennial Wetting and Cooling
Creators: name: Williams, A. Park
name: Cook, Benjamin I.
name: Smerdon, Jason E.
name: Bishop, Daniel Alexander
name: Seager, Richard
name: Mankin, Justin S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Droughts
subject: Climatic changes
subject: Atmosphere--Research

description: The fall 2016 drought in the southeastern United States (SE U.S.) appeared exceptional based on its widespread impacts, but the current monitoring framework that only extends from 1979 to present does not readily facilitate evaluation of soil-moisture anomalies in a centennial context. A new method to extend monthly gridded soil-moisture estimates back to 1895 is developed, indicating that since 1895, October–November 2016 soil moisture (0–200 cm) in the SE U.S. was likely the second lowest on record, behind 1954. This severe drought developed rapidly and was brought on by low September–November precipitation and record-high September–November daily maximum temperatures (Tmax). Record-high Tmax drove record-high atmospheric moisture demand, accounting for 28% of the October–November 2016 soil-moisture anomaly. Drought and heat in fall 2016 contrasted with 20th century wetting and cooling in the region but resembled conditions more common from 1895–1956. Dynamically, the exceptional drying in fall 2016 was driven by anomalous ridging over the central United States that reduced south-southwesterly moisture transports into the SE U.S. by approximately 75%. These circulation anomalies were partly promoted by a moderate La Niña and warmth in the tropical Atlantic, but these processes accounted for very little of the SE U.S. drying in fall 2016, implying a large role for internal atmospheric variability. The extended analysis back to 1895 indicates that SE U.S. droughts as strong as the 2016 event are more likely than indicated from a shorter 60 year perspective and continued multidecadal swings in precipitation may combine with future warming to further enhance the likelihood of such events.
SEMPA – Ein Ansatz des Semantischen Prozessmanagements zur Planung von Prozessmodellen
Creators: name: Heinrich, Bernd
name: Bewernik, Marc-Andre
name: Henneberger, Matthias
name: Krammer, Alexander
name: Lautenbacher, Florian
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Semantisches Prozessmanagement - Planung von Prozessmodellen - Planungsalgorithmen
subject: 330 Wirtschaft

description: Unternehmen müssen ihre Prozesse laufend an veränderte Marktentwicklungen anpassen. Die dafür notwendige Modellierung und Verbesserung der Prozesse ist jedoch derzeit oftmals noch mit hohem manuellem Aufwand verbunden. Im Beitrag wird ein Ansatz des Semantischen Prozessmanagements vorgestellt, der eine teilautomatisierte Erstellung (im Sinne einer Planung) von Prozessmodellen aus einzelnen Aktionen ermöglicht: – Den Ausgangspunkt bilden mit Hilfe einer Ontologie semantisch beschriebene und in einer Prozessbibliothek gespeicherte Aktionen. – Semantische Analysen und Inferenzen sind notwendig, um die Abhängigkeiten zwischen Aktionen abzuleiten und dadurch die Planung von Prozessmodellen zu ermöglichen. Dabei werden auch Kontrollflussstrukturen in den Prozessmodellen eingeplant. – Im Unterschied zu Ansätzen der Webservice-Komposition können auf diese Weise technologieunabhängige Prozessmodelle erstellt werden, die danach – bspw. mit den Fachbereichen – abgestimmt werden können.
N-mode coherence in collective neutrino oscillations
Creators: name: Raffelt, Georg G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study two-flavor neutrino oscillations in a homogeneous and isotropic ensemble under the influence of neutrino-neutrino interactions. For any density there exist forms of collective oscillations that show self-maintained coherence. They can be classified by a number N of linearly independent functions that describe all neutrino modes as linear superpositions. What is more, the dynamics is equivalent to another ensemble with the same effective density, consisting of N modes with discrete energies E_i with i=1, ..., N. We use this equivalence to derive the analytic solution for two-mode (bimodal) coherence, relevant for spectral-split formation in supernova neutrinos.
description: Typographical errors in Eqs.(B4) and (B5) corrected, otherwise identical to published version
ИНФРАСТРУКТУРНАЯ МОДЕЛЬ КАК НАУЧНАЯ ОСНОВА АКТИВНОГО РАЗВИТИЯ АГРОТУРИЗМА ВЛАДИМИРСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ
Creators: name: СУХАНОВА КСЕНИЯ АЛЕКСАНДРОВНА
name: КАЗУРОВА ОЛЬГА АЛЕКСЕЕВНА
name: ГУЖОВА ЛИДИЯ ГРИГОРЬЕВНА
Publisher: name: Сервис в России и за рубежом
Year: 2020
Subjects: СЕЛЬСКИЙ ТУРИЗМ
АГРОХОЗЯЙСТВА
ИНФРАСТРУКТУРНАЯ МОДЕЛЬ АГРОТУРИЗМА
ВЛАДИМИРСКАЯ ОБЛАСТЬ
AGRITOURISM
RURAL TOURISM
AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES
VLADIMIR REGION

description: Сельскохозяйственный туризм (агротуризм) в настоящее время получает все большее развитие. Путешествия горожан в сельскую местность с туристскими целями для ознакомления с сельским хозяйством, традициями, обычаями и культурой местных жителей становятся все популярнее. Предприниматель для удовлетворения клиентского запроса за счет перераспределения имеющихся ресурсов может преодолеть сезонность данного бизнеса. Агрохозяйства, ориентированные на туризм, получают импульс развития если вписываются в инфраструктурную модель. При изучении регионального опыта для нас первостепенный интерес представляет раскрытие факторов, способствующих развитию агротуризма. Анализируя развитие областного агрокультурного комплекса и сравнивая его с инфраструктурной моделью нам удалось выявить уровень развития и предложить траекторию экономической эволюции объекта. В данной статье рассмотрены основные тенденции развития агротуризма во Владимирской области, дана общая характеристика размещения агрохозяйств, интересных для турбизнеса в пределах области.
Experimental study of vibrational and pure rotational coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) in molecular hydrogen
Creators: name: Marowsky, G.
name: Gierulski, A.
name: Dick, Bernhard
name: Sowada, U.
name: Vehrenkamp, R.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1986
Subjects: subject: Thermometers (CARS as); Temperature (detn. of, using CARS); Molecular rotation; Molecular vibration (in CARS in hydrogen mol.); laser Raman ortho para hydrogen
subject: 540 Chemie

description: Using a specially designed excimer-laser-pumped dye laser of adjustable bandwidth high-lysing pure rotational transitions of both, ortho- and para-H2 were identified by coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS). H2-based CARS-thermometry is discussed.
description: CAN 104:78073 73-3 Optical, Electron, and Mass Spectroscopy and Other Related Properties 1333-74-0 Role: PRP (Properties) (vibrational and pure rotational CARS in)
title: A Comparative Analysis of Applied Behavior Analysis and the Montessori Method
Creators: name: Webb, Emily
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: FOS: Educational sciences
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: The Montessori method is a multi-sensory curriculum design based on Dr. Maria Montessori’s observations of the positive outcomes a multi-sensory educational approach had when working with children with disabilities; however, there is little empirical data to support the outcomes of using the Montessori method to teach children with disabilities. Despite the limited amount of quantitative research on the Montessori method and early childhood special education, studies suggest Montessori educators are open to professional development on working with children with disabilities and are willing to implement other methods to provide support for those children while still maintaining the integrity of the Montessori philosophy (Danner & Fowler, 2015; Long, Ferranti, & Westerman, 2022). Applied Behavior Analysis is a scientific approach to understanding behavior and serves as part of the foundation for developmentally appropriate practice in special education behavioral interventions; however, despite the evidence-based practices in ABA there are misconceptions about this approach among those in the Montessori community that impact its accessibility and use as an evidence-based practice to instruct children with disabilities in Montessori early childhood classrooms. This research examines the Behavior Analyst Certification Board’s BCBA Task List, the Association of Montessori International's position statement on the Montessori method’s core components, and the Montessori Accreditation Council for Teacher Education’s position statement on core components of Montessori practice to identify similarities in practice between ABA and the Montessori method. Identifying similarities in practice could serve as a potential foundation for further investigation on (a.) the efficacy of implementing ABA interventions in a Montessori early childhood setting, and (b.) the efficacy of incorporating elements of a Montessori prepared environment into ABA clinical settings and self-contained special education classrooms.
description: © 2023 Emily Webb
Bloch-Zener Oscillations in Graphene and Topological Insulators
Creators: name: Krueckl, Viktor
name: Richter, Klaus
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 72.80.Vp, 73.21.Cd, 85.35.Ds, 85.75.Mm

description: We show that superlattices based on zero-gap semiconductors such as graphene and mercury telluride exhibit characteristic Bloch--Zener oscillations that emerge from the coherent superposition of Bloch oscillations and multiple Zener tunneling between the electron and hole branch. We demonstrate this mechanism by means of wave packet dynamics in various spatially periodically modulated nanoribbons subject to an external bias field. The associated Bloch frequencies exhibit a peculiar periodic bias dependence which we explain within a two-band model. Supported by extensive numerical transport calculations, we show that this effect gives rise to distinct current oscillations observable in the I-V characteristics of graphene and mercury telluride superlattices.
Unternehmensweite Anwendungsintegration — Zentrale Anreizsetzung zur Realisierung von Netzwerkeffekten bei dezentralen Entscheidungsstrukturen
Creators: name: Heinrich, Bernd
name: Klier, Mathias
name: Bewernik, Marc-Andre
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) - zentrale Koordination - Anreizsetzung - Netzwerkeffekte
subject: 330 Wirtschaft

description: Entscheiden einzelne Geschäftsbereiche dezentral über die Einführung einer Middleware (MW), so kommt es oftmals nicht zu einer aus Sicht der Gesamtunternehmung optimalen Lösung. In der Praxis ist dieses Problem durch rein dezentrale Abstimmungsprozesse erfahrungsgemäß nicht oder nur sehr schwierig zu lösen. Hier können zentrale Stellen, wie bspw. die Architekturabteilung, durch Koordination und Anreizsetzung in Form eines finanziellen Ausgleichs zur Lösung beitragen. Mit Hilfe eines im Beitrag entwickelten Algorithmus kann unter Berücksichtigung wichtiger Aspekte-wie z.B. der zeitlichen Sequenzialität dezentraler MW-Entscheidungen oder den zukünftigen Veränderungen der Anwendungslandschaft (bspw. infolge Outsourcing)-die auszahlungsminimale Anreizsetzung sowie die zugehörige Reihenfolge der MW-Umstellungen ermittelt werden. Einige der Investitionshemmnisse, die bei dezentraler Entscheidungsfindung auftreten, können so überwunden und die sich durch die Standardisierung ergebenden Netzwerkeffekte realisiert werden.
An early Brunhes (<0.78 Ma) age for the Lower Paleolithic tool-bearing Kozarnika cave sediments, Bulgaria
Creators: name: Muttoni, Giovanni
name: Sirakov, Nikolas
name: Guadelli, Jean-Luc
name: Kent, Dennis V.
name: Scardia, Giancarlo
name: Monesi, Edoardo
name: Zerboni, Andrea
name: Ferrara, Enzo
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Paleomagnetism
Pleistocene Geologic Epoch
Paleontology
Earth sciences

description: We present a new sedimentological profile and a magnetostratigraphy of the tool-bearing Kozarnika cave sediments from Bulgaria. Modal analysis of cave infilling sedimentary texture indicates that the tool- bearing layers contain a sizable fraction of sediment interpreted as loess. We also find evidence for a relatively thick and well defined normal magnetic polarity in the upper-middle part of the section interpreted as a record of the Brunhes Chron, followed down-section by reverse polarity directions interpreted as a record of the Matuyama Chron. The lowermost levels with Lower Paleolithic tools (Layers 13aec) lie in the early Brunhes at a nominal maximum age of ~0.75 Ma, while the Brunhes eMatuyama boundary (0.78 Ma) falls in Layer 13 Lower immediately below. This finding represents a conspicuous revision of previous age estimates for the same tool-bearing layers.
The Integrated Relativistic Iron Line from Active Galactic Nuclei: Chasing the Spin Evolution of Supermassive Black Holes
Creators: name: Ballantyne, D. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin of a supermassive black hole (SMBH) is directly related to the radiative efficiency of accretion on to the hole, and therefore impacts the amount of fuel required for the black hole to reach a certain mass. Thus, a knowledge of the SMBH spin distribution and evolution is necessary to develop a comprehensive theory of the growth of SMBHs and their impact on galaxy formation. Currently, the only direct measurement of SMBH spin is through fitting the broad Fe K line in AGNs. The evolution of spins could be determined by fitting the broad line in the integrated spectra of AGNs over different redshift intervals. The accuracy of these measurements will depend on the observed integrated line strength. Here, we present theoretical predictions of the integrated relativistic Fe K line strength as a function of redshift and AGN luminosity. The equivalent widths of the integrated lines are much less than 300 eV. Searches for the integrated line will be easiest for unobscured AGNs with 2-10 keV luminosities between 44 < log L_{X} <= 45. The total integrated line makes up less than 4% of the X-ray background, but its shape is sensitive to the average SMBH spin. By following these recommendations, future International X-ray Observatory surveys of broad Fe K lines should be able to determine the spin evolution of SMBHs.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, accepted by ApJ Letters
Quantitatives IT-Portfoliomanagement: Risiken von IT-Investitionen wertorientiert steuern
Creators: name: Wehrmann, Alexander
name: Heinrich, Bernd
name: Seifert, Frank
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: IT-Portfoliomanagement - integrierte Rendite-/Risikosteuerung - Finanzdienstleister
subject: 330 Wirtschaft

description: Zentraler Bestandteil des IT-Business-Alignments ist das IT-Portfoliomanagement (ITPM), d. h. die auf ökonomischen Kriterien beruhende Auswahl von IT-Projekten und deren Allokation zu einem Portfolio. In diesem Beitrag wird ein Ansatz zum quantitativen ITPM vorgestellt und dessen Umsetzung am Beispiel einer realen Fallstudie expliziert. - Im Ansatz wird der Fokus auf die integrierte Optimierung von Rendite und zeitpunktbezogenen Risiken sowie auf die Operationalisierbarkeit gelegt.Beide Punkte sind in bisherigen methodisch fundierten Verfahren nicht befriedigend berücksichtigt. - Die Steuerung einzelner Geschäftseinheiten über dezentrale IT-Budgets ist ökonomisch nicht sinnvoll, weshalb ein übergreifendes ITPM notwendig ist. - IT-Portfolios werden heute oftmals nur an Renditekennziffern gemessen. Dies ist zwar notwendig, aber nicht hinreichend. Vielmehr muss die Bewertung Risikoverbundeffekte gleichermaßen berücksichtigen, da heutzutage ca. 70% aller IT-Projekte durch Sachverhalte, die sich im Projektrisiko widerspiegeln, nicht planmäßig durchgeführt werden können.