cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Space Packing
Creators: name: Dandekar, Rahul
name: Krapivsky, P. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Dynamic space packing (DSP) is a random process with sequential addition and removal of identical objects into space. In the lattice version, objects are particles occupying single lattice sites, and adding a particle to a lattice site leads to the removal of particles on neighboring sites. We show that the model is solvable and determine the steady-state occupancy, correlation functions, desorption probabilities, and other statistical features for the DSP of hyper-cubic lattices. We also solve a continuous DSP of balls into $\mathbb{R}^d$.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures; v3: small corrections, Appendix B and refs added
Extracellular Ionic Composition Alters Kinetics of Vesicular Release of Catecholamines and Quantal Size During Exocytosis at Adrenal Medullary Cells
Creators: name: Wightman, R. Mark
name: Finnegan, Jennifer
name: Jankowski, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: The temporal resolution of carbon-fiber microelectrodes has been exploited to examine the plasticity of quantal secretory events at individual adrenal medullary cells. The size of individual quantal events, monitored by amperometric oxidation of released catecholamines, was found to be dependent on the extracellular ionic composition, the secretagogue, and the order of depolarization delivery. Release was observed with either exposure to 60 Mi K* in the presence of Ca2+ or exposure to 3 mM Baz+ in solutions of different pH, with and without external Ca2'. Ba2' was demonstrated to induce Ca2 +- independent exocytotic release for an extended period of time (>4 min) relative to release induced by K* (-30 s), which is Ca2+-dependent. In all cases, simultaneous changes of intracellular divalent cations, monitored by fura-2 fluorescence, accompanied quantal release and had a similar time course. Exocytosis caused by Ba2+ in Ca2+-free medium had a larger mean spike area at pH 8.2 than at pH 7.4. When Ba4+-induced spikes measured at pH 7.4 were compared, the spikes in CaX+-free medium were found to be broader and shorter, but had the same area. Release induced by Ke after exposure to Ba2+ was comprised of larger quantal events when compared to preceding K* stimulations. Finally, spikes obtained with Ba2+ exposure at an extracellular pH of 5.5 had a different shape than those obtained in more basic solutions. These changes in spike size and shape are consistent with the interactions between catecholamines and other intravesicular components.
Lagrangians for Massive Dirac Chiral Superfields
Creators: name: Jiménez, Enrique
name: Vaquera-Araujo, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A variant for the superspin one-half massive superparticle in $ 4D $, $ \mathcal{N}=1 $, based on Dirac superfields, is offered. As opposed to the current known models that use spinor chiral superfields, the propagating fields of the supermultiplet are those of the lowest mass dimensions possible: scalar, Dirac and vector fields. Besides the supersymmetric chiral condition, the Dirac superfields are not further constrained, allowing a very straightforward implementation of the path-integral method. The corresponding superpropagators are presented. In addition, an interaction super Yukawa potential, formed by Dirac and scalar chiral superfields, is given in terms of their component fields. The model is first presented for the case of two superspin one-half superparticles related by the charged conjugation operator, but in order to treat the case of neutral superparticles, the Majorana condition on the Dirac superfields is also studied. We compare our proposal with the known models of spinor superfields for the one-half superparticle and show that it is equivalent to them.
description: 22 pages. Matches published version
Additional file 1 of When it rains, it pours: detecting seasonal patterns in utilization of maternal healthcare in Mozambique using routine data
Creators: name: Stone, Briana
name: Sambo, Júlia
name: Talata Sawadogo-Lewis
name: Roberton, Timothy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Precipitation Data, Nationally. Average monthly rainfall by year (PDF 65 KB)
The VMC survey - XV. The Small Magellanic Cloud--Bridge connection history as traced by their star cluster populations
Creators: name: Piatti, A. E.
name: de Grijs, R.
name: Rubele, S.
name: Cioni, M. R.
name: Ripepi, V.
name: Kerber, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results based on YJKs photometry of star clusters located in the outermost, eastern region of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). We analysed a total of 51 catalogued clusters whose colour--magnitude diagrams (CMDs), having been cleaned from field-star contamination, were used to assess the clusters' reality and estimate ages of the genuine systems. Based on CMD analysis, 15 catalogued clusters were found to be possible non-genuine aggregates. We investigated the properties of 80% of the catalogued clusters in this part of the SMC by enlarging our sample with previously obtained cluster ages, adopting a homogeneous scale for all. Their spatial distribution suggests that the oldest clusters, log(t yr-1) >= 9.6, are in general located at greater distances to the galaxy's centre than their younger counterparts -- 9.0 <= log(t yr-1) <= 9.4 -- while two excesses of clusters are seen at log(t yr-1) ~ 9.2 and log(t yr-1) ~ 9.7. We found a trail of younger clusters which follow the Wing/Bridge components. This long spatial sequence does not only harbour very young clusters, log(t yr-1) ~ 7.3, but it also hosts some of intermediate ages, log(t yr-1) ~ 9.1. The derived cluster and field-star formation frequencies as a function of age are different. The most surprising feature is an observed excess of clusters with ages of log(t yr-1) < 9.0, which could have been induced by interactions with the LMC.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures, MNRAS (accepted)
Additional file 2 of When it rains, it pours: detecting seasonal patterns in utilization of maternal healthcare in Mozambique using routine data
Creators: name: Stone, Briana
name: Sambo, Júlia
name: Talata Sawadogo-Lewis
name: Roberton, Timothy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Institutional Deliveries by Month 2012–2019, Nationally. National monthly average of institutional deliveries for each year of data (PDF 60 KB)
Coffee Lectures – A new format for teaching information and communication technology skills
Creators: name: Dolenc, Jozica
name: Schnabl, Joachim
name: Renn, Oliver
Publisher: name: ETH Learning and Teaching Journal
Year: 2018

description: In natural sciences, digital tools for information management are essential but formats for teaching them were missing. Coffee Lectures provide such a format, which is now successfully adopted by 50 institutions Europe-wide.
description: ETH Learning and Teaching Journal, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2018): Special issue: ETH Learning and Teaching Fair 2018 proceedings
title: Access to Healthcare for Children and Adolescents with a Chronic Health Condition during the COVID-19 Pandemic: First Results from the KICK-COVID Study in Germany
Creators: name: Göldel, Julia M.
name: Kamrath, Clemens
name: Minden, Kirsten
name: Wiegand, Susanna
name: Lanzinger, Stefanie
name: Sengler, Claudia
name: Weihrauch-Blüher, Susann
name: Holl, Reinhard W.
name: Tittel, Sascha René
name: Warschburger, Petra
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Potsdam
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: This study examines the access to healthcare for children and adolescents with three common chronic diseases (type-1 diabetes (T1D), obesity, or juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA)) within the 4th (Delta), 5th (Omicron), and beginning of the 6th (Omicron) wave (June 2021 until July 2022) of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany in a cross-sectional study using three national patient registries. A paper-and-pencil questionnaire was given to parents of pediatric patients (<21 years) during the routine check-ups. The questionnaire contains self-constructed items assessing the frequency of healthcare appointments and cancellations, remote healthcare, and satisfaction with healthcare. In total, 905 parents participated in the T1D-sample, 175 in the obesity-sample, and 786 in the JIA-sample. In general, satisfaction with healthcare (scale: 0–10; 10 reflecting the highest satisfaction) was quite high (median values: T1D 10, JIA 10, obesity 8.5). The proportion of children and adolescents with canceled appointments was relatively small (T1D 14.1%, JIA 11.1%, obesity 20%), with a median of 1 missed appointment, respectively. Only a few parents (T1D 8.6%; obesity 13.1%; JIA 5%) reported obstacles regarding health services during the pandemic. To conclude, it seems that access to healthcare was largely preserved for children and adolescents with chronic health conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany.
description: Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe; 812
Additional file 3 of When it rains, it pours: detecting seasonal patterns in utilization of maternal healthcare in Mozambique using routine data
Creators: name: Stone, Briana
name: Sambo, Júlia
name: Talata Sawadogo-Lewis
name: Roberton, Timothy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Completed ANC4 Visits by Month 2012–2019, Nationally. National monthly average of 4 completed ANC visits for each year of data (PDF 59 KB)
Residual Effects of Combat-Related Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Creators: name: Elbin, R.J.
name: Lutz, Robert
name: Guskiewicz, Kevin
name: Kontos, Anthony
name: Kotwal, Russ
name: Benson, Peter
name: Forsten, Robert
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) has gained considerable notoriety during the past decade of conflict in Afghanistan and Iraq. However, the relationship between combat-related mTBI and residual mTBI symptoms, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, and neurocognitive deficits remains unclear. The purpose of the study was to compare residual mTBI and PTSD symptoms, and neurocognitive deficits among U.S. Army Special Operations Command (USASOC) personnel with diagnosed blunt, blast, and blast-blunt combination mTBIs. This study involved a retrospective medical records review of 27,169 USASOC personnel who completed a military version of the Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment Cognitive Test (ImPACT), Post-Concussion Symptom Scale (PCSS), and PTSD Checklist (PCL) between November 2009 and December 2011. Of the 22,203 personnel who met criteria for the study, 2,813 (12.7%) had a diagnosis of at least one mTBI. A total of 28% (n=410) of USASOC personnel with a history of diagnosed mTBI reported clinical levels of PTSD symptoms. Personnel with a history of diagnosed blunt (OR=3.58), blast (OR=4.23) or combination (OR=5.73) mTBI were at significantly (p=0.001) greater risk of reporting clinical levels of PTSD symptoms than those with no history of mTBI. A dose-response gradient for exposure to blast/combination mTBI on clinical levels of PTSD symptoms was also significant (p=0.001). Individuals with blast/combination mTBIs scored higher in residual mTBI (p=0.001) and PTSD symptoms (p=0.001), and performed worse on tests of visual memory (p=0.001), and reaction time (p=0.001) than those with blunt or no mTBI history. Individuals with combination mTBIs scored lower in verbal memory (p=0.02) than those with blunt mTBIs. Residual PTSD and mTBI symptoms appear to be more prevalent in personnel with blast mTBI. A dose-response gradient for blast mTBI and symptoms suggests that repeated exposures to these injuries may have lingering effects.
$f(Q,T)$ gravity: From early to late-time cosmic acceleration
Creators: name: Das, Surajit
name: Mandal, Sanjay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we explore the comprehensive narrative of cosmic evolution within a cosmological framework by utilizing a novel form of gravity known as generalized symmetric teleparallel gravity, denoted as $f(Q,T)$ gravity. Here, $Q$ represents the non-metricity scalar, while $T$ denotes the trace of the energy-momentum tensor. We present and analyze two distinct $f(Q,T)$ cosmological models, each characterized by its unique Lagrangian. Our investigation delves into the cosmological parameters of these models, scrutinizing various energy conditions, examining the inflationary dynamics of the early universe through scalar field formulations, and probing the mysterious nature of dark energy using statefinder diagnostics and $(ω-ω')$ phase space analysis. Ultimately, our findings offer a comprehensive account of cosmic evolution, spanning from the early universe to its late-time evolution.
description: Published version
Onset of Oscillations in Nonsoliton Pulses in Nonlinear Dispersive Fibers
Creators: name: McLaughlin, Ken T.-R.
name: Forest, M. Gregory
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: We study the modulation equations for the amplitude and phase of smoothed rectangular pulse initial data for the defocusing nonlinear Schrodinger (NLS) equation in the semiclassical limit, and show that these equations exhibit shock formation. In this way we identify and explain one source for the onset of pulse oscillations in nonlinear fibers whose transmission is modeled by the semiclassical NLS equation. The onset of pulse ripples predicted here develops on the leading and trailing slopes of a smooth pulse, as a consequence of shock formation in the modulation equations. This mechanism for the onset of pulse ripples is distinct, both in the location and timescale, from the scenario pursued by Kodama and Wabnitz [11]: A piecewise linear pulse evolves for distances O(1) down the fiber, beyond which oscillations develop associated with the vanishing of the upper step of the pulse [10]. Here we show that the scenario in [11] is correct, but specific to pure rectangular pulses; any smoothing of this data fails to obey their scenario, but rather is described by the results presented here. That is, the semiclassical limit of the NLS equation is highly unstable with respect to smooth regularizations of rectangular data. In our analysis, the onset of oscillations is associated with the location of the maximum gradient of the pulse slopes, and onset occurs on the pulse slopes, at short distances down the fiber proportional to the inverse of this maximum gradient. Explicit upper and lower bounds on the initial shock location are derived. We thereby deduce the onset for this source of pulse degradation scales linearly with the pulse width, and scales with the reciprocal square root of the fiber nonlinear coefficient, the pulse power, and the fiber dispersion coefficient.
Additional file 4 of When it rains, it pours: detecting seasonal patterns in utilization of maternal healthcare in Mozambique using routine data
Creators: name: Stone, Briana
name: Sambo, Júlia
name: Talata Sawadogo-Lewis
name: Roberton, Timothy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4. Institutional Delivery Trends by Province (2012–2019). Average monthly rainfall and institutional deliveries by province (PDF 44 KB)
Randomized Robust Subspace Recovery for High Dimensional Data Matrices
Creators: name: Rahmani, Mostafa
name: Atia, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper explores and analyzes two randomized designs for robust Principal Component Analysis (PCA) employing low-dimensional data sketching. In one design, a data sketch is constructed using random column sampling followed by low dimensional embedding, while in the other, sketching is based on random column and row sampling. Both designs are shown to bring about substantial savings in complexity and memory requirements for robust subspace learning over conventional approaches that use the full scale data. A characterization of the sample and computational complexity of both designs is derived in the context of two distinct outlier models, namely, sparse and independent outlier models. The proposed randomized approach can provably recover the correct subspace with computational and sample complexity that are almost independent of the size of the data. The results of the mathematical analysis are confirmed through numerical simulations using both synthetic and real data.
Direct electrical modulation of surface response in a single plasmonic nanoresonator
Creators: name: Zurak, Luka
name: Wolff, Christian
name: Meier, Jessica
name: Kullock, Rene
name: Mortensen, N. Asger
name: Hecht, Bert
name: Feichtner, Thorsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classical electrodynamics describes the optical response of systems using bulk electronic properties and infinitesimally thin boundaries. However, due to the quantum nature of electrons, interfaces have a finite thickness. Non-classical surface effects become increasingly important as ever smaller nanoscale systems are realized and eventually dominate over volume-related phenomena. Investigating the response of surface electrons in such systems, therefore, becomes imperative. One way to gain control over non-classical interface effects and study them is through electrical gating, as the static screening charges reside exclusively at the surface. Here, we investigate the modulation of the surface response upon direct electric charging of a single plasmonic nanoresonator by measuring the resulting changes in resonance. We analyze the observed effects within the general framework of surface-response functions and provide a basic model derived from electron spill-out within the local-response approximation (LRA). Our observed change in resonance frequency is well accounted for by assuming a modulation of the in-plane surface current. Surprisingly, we also measure a change in the resonance width, where adding electrons to the surface leads to a narrowing of the plasmonic resonance, i.e., reduced losses. The description of such effects requires considering nonlocal effects and the inclusion of a possible anisotropy of the perturbed surface permittivity. Our experiment, therefore, opens a vast field of investigations on how to gain control over the surface response in plasmonic resonators and to develop ultrafast and extremely small electrically driven plasmonic modulators and metasurfaces by leveraging electrical control over non-classical surface effects.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, 15 pages Supplementary
Food fermentations for improved digestibility of plant foods - an essential ex situ digestion step in agricultural societies?
Creators: Ganzle, Michael G.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2021

The fermentation of plant foods detoxifies and eliminates compounds that are inherently present in grains and legumes and have antinutritive properties, including cyanogenic glycosides, vicine and convicine, phytate, phenolic compounds, immune-reactive proteins and fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAPs). Contemporary food production has partially replaced fermentation of plant foods by alternative processes for production of nutritious plant foods. This communication explores the question whether the conversion of noxious components in plants by food fermentations remains relevant in contemporary food production, or, more pointedly worded, whether food fermentations are an essential ex situ digestion step for agricultural societies. Noxious compounds in grains and legume seeds contribute to irritable bowel syndrome, non-celiac wheat intolerance, and food allergies. Food fermentations provide an effective unit operation to improve tolerance of plant foods to sensitive individuals. In addition, they are a source of viable and active microorganisms that may provide additional health benefits.
Near-equilibrium dynamics of Dio models for liquid crystal polymer flows: catastrophic and regularized behavior
Creators: name: Forest, M. Gregory
name: Wang, Qi
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: Doi models for flows of concentrated solutions of homogeneous liquid crystal polymers (LCPs) are analyzed in the quadratic closure approximation. Our purpose is to clarify a remarkable near-equilibrium behavior of these equations which has apparently gone unnoticed; these results are important for any numerical or experimental interpretations of LCP flows based on Doi models near mechanical and nematic equilibria. To reveal this behavior, we analytically solve the linearized Doi nematodynamic equations; this calculation explicitly captures the coupling between the pure nematic and pure hydrodynamic linearized dynamics. The original Doi model without solvent viscosity is analyzed first: the low concentration (N<3) isotropic phase and the high concentration (N>8/3) prolate nematic phase yield well-posed linearized dynamic; at higher concentration both the isotropic phase (N>3) and the oblate nematic phase (N>3) yield catastrophic linearized dynamics, with exponential growthrates proportional to the amplitude of the wavevector of the linearized disturbance. This result implies that there is unbounded growth in vanishingly small length scales for data near these equilibria. We then explore three physical regularizations of the original Doi model: solvent viscosity, finite-range intermolecular interactions, and spatial inhomogeneity in LCP concentration. Each effect yields well-posed linearized dynamics of all flow-nematic equilibria, with bounded growth rates. Solvent viscosity and spatial inhomogeneity alone are not sufficient to produce a finite wavelength instability cutoff of the high-concentration isotropic and oblate nematic equilibria, whereas a finite-range intermolecular potential alone yields a finite cutoff. The flow-orientation interactions for unstable nematic phases produce a spatial wavevector dependence of the instability from which we reveal a flow-induced spatially anisotropic (or directional) instability of the oblate phase.
Climatic cues related to the distribution and abundance of candidate vectors of Xylella fastidiosa
Creators: name: Morente, Marina
name: Cornara, Daniele
name: Moreno, Aranzazu
name: Plaza, María
name: Marqués, Alicia
name: Miranda, Miguel Ángel
name: Fereres, Alberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: risk assessment model, control strategy, Xylella fastidiosa, Philaenus spumarius, Neophilaenus campestris

description: The vector-borne bacterium Xylella fastidiosa poses a serious threat to the Mediterranean agriculture. Therefore, a deep knowledge about presence, biology and ecology of candidate vectors (Hemiptera: Cicadomorpha) is required to assess the risk of pathogen spread. We sampled olive canopies and the associated ground vegetation in 14 and 16 olive groves in 2016 and 2017, respectively, two of them from the infected area in Mallorca. Olive groves grown under different climatic conditions and cropping practices: organic, conservation tillage and conventional tillage. We observed that Philaenus spumarius, the main vector species in Italy, was mainly associated to humid areas where natural perennial vegetation is present most time of the year, mostly in the sierra of Sevilla and Mallorca. P. spumarius were almost absent in regions with conventional tillage such as the “Campiña” of Jaén and Córdoba. Furthermore, we collected another xylem feeder, namely Neophilaenus campestris mainly on grasses in Madrid, Córdoba and Mallorca. Data gathered on the population dynamics of X. fastidiosa vectors will be analyzed in relation to climatic variables, as the first step to develop a risk assessment model applicable to the sampled regions. Moreover, our data on the spatial distribution on aggregated behavior of the spittlebug species will be useful to develop an environmentally sustainable X. fastidiosa-disease mediated control strategy.
A separation of electrons and protons in the GAMMA-400 gamma-ray telescope
Creators: name: Leonov, A. A.
name: Galper, A. M.
name: Bonvicini, V.
name: Topchiev, N. P.
name: Adriani, O.
name: Aptekar, R. L.
name: Arkhangelskaja, I. V.
name: Arkhangelskiy, A. I.
name: Bergstrom, L.
name: Berti, E.
name: Bigongiari, G.
name: Bobkov, S. G.
name: Boezio, M.
name: Bogomolov, E. A.
name: Bonechi, S.
name: Bongi, M.
name: Bottai, S.
name: Castellini, G.
name: Cattaneo, P. W.
name: Cumani, P.
name: Dedenko, G. L.
name: De Donato, C.
name: Dogiel, V. A.
name: Gorbunov, M. S.
name: Gusakov, Yu. V.
name: Hnatyk, B. I.
name: Kadilin, V. V.
name: Kaplin, V. A.
name: Kaplun, A. A.
name: Kheymits, M. D.
name: Korepanov, V. E.
name: Larsson, J.
name: Loginov, V. A.
name: Longo, F.
name: Maestro, P.
name: Marrocchesi, P. S.
name: Mikhailov, V. V.
name: Mocchiutti, E.
name: Moiseev, A. A.
name: Mori, N.
name: Moskalenko, I. V.
name: Naumov, P. Yu.
name: Papini, P.
name: Pearce, M.
name: Picozza, P.
name: Popov, A. V.
name: Rappoldi, A.
name: Ricciarini, S.
name: Runtso, M. F.
name: Ryde, F.
name: Serdin, O. V.
name: Sparvoli, R.
name: Spillantini, P.
name: Suchkov, S. I.
name: Tavani, M.
name: Taraskin, A. A.
name: Tiberio, A.
name: Tyurin, E. M.
name: Ulanov, M. V.
name: Vacchi, A.
name: Vannuccini, E.
name: Vasilyev, G. I.
name: Yurkin, Yu. T.
name: Zampa, N.
name: Zirakashvili, V. N.
name: Zverev, V. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The GAMMA-400 gamma-ray telescope is intended to measure the fluxes of gamma rays and cosmic-ray electrons and positrons in the energy range from 100 MeV to several TeV. Such measurements concern with the following scientific goals: search for signatures of dark matter, investigation of gamma-ray point and extended sources, studies of the energy spectra of Galactic and extragalactic diffuse emission, studies of gamma-ray bursts and gamma-ray emission from the active Sun, as well as high-precision measurements of spectra of high-energy electrons and positrons, protons, and nuclei up to the knee. The main components of cosmic rays are protons and helium nuclei, whereas the part of lepton component in the total flux is ~10E-3 for high energies. In present paper, the capability of the GAMMA-400 gamma-ray telescope to distinguish electrons and positrons from protons in cosmic rays is investigated. The individual contribution to the proton rejection is studied for each detector system of the GAMMA-400 gamma-ray telescope. Using combined information from all detector systems allow us to provide the proton rejection from electrons with a factor of ~4x10E5 for vertical incident particles and ~3x10E5 for particles with initial inclination of 30 degrees. The calculations were performed for the electron energy range from 50 GeV to 1 TeV.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures, submitted to Advances and Space Research
Fibonacci primes, primes of the form $2^n-k$ and beyond
Creators: name: Grantham, Jon
name: Granville, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11A41

description: We speculate on the distribution of primes in exponentially growing, linear recurrence sequences $(u_n)_{n\geq 0}$ in the integers. By tweaking a heuristic which is successfully used to predict the number of prime values of polynomials, we guess that either there are only finitely many primes $u_n$, or else there exists a constant $c_u>0$ (which we can give good approximations to) such that there are $\sim c_u \log N$ primes $u_n$ with $n\leq N$, as $N\to \infty$. We compare our conjecture to the limited amount of data that we can compile.
description: v3: minor changes to align with the published version v2: replace earlier draft inadvertently submitted as v1
Potential vectors of Xylella fastidiosa in the Iberian Peninsula: identification and distribution
Creators: name: Morente, Marina
name: Plaza, María
name: Moreno, Aranzazu
name: Fereres, Alberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Philaenus spumarius, Neophilaenus campestris, olive grove, population trends

description: The introduction and rapid spread of Xylella fastidiosa in Europe is causing serious epidemics leading to important yield losses, especially in olive groves in Southern Italy, which entails a great risk to the European agriculture. Recent detection of the bacterium in Mallorca, Spain has increased the need to assess the degree of threat to which Spanish agriculture is exposed. Because Xylella fastidiosa is transmitted by xylem feeders (Order Hemiptera, Suborder Cicadomorpha), understanding the biology and ecology of its potential vectors is essential for the risk assessment of pathogen spread and to develop preventive control strategies. We sampled both olive canopy and associated ground vegetation in 14 olive groves distributed in the Iberian Peninsula under different cropping practices: organic, conservation or no tillage and conventional. We found that Philaenus spumarius, the vector species in Italy, was limited to humid regions where natural vegetation is present most time of the year, mainly in the sampling sites of Seville. The first nymphs were detected in early March and its population density was low, reaching its peak between late April and mid-May on the ground vegetation, with a maximum of 0.06 insects per sweep. P. spumarius was detected in the olive tree canopy in three sampling sites, with a maximum population density of 0.06 individuals per branch in early August in Seville. Furthermore, we found other potential vectors such as Neophilaenus campestris, not yet reported as a vector, quite abundant on grasses below olive trees, mainly in Madrid. The greatest population density was 2.26 individuals per sweep in mid-May, which decreased in mid-June and increased in late October. By contrast, few individuals were found in olive canopies. Cercopis intermedia and Lepyronia coleoptrata were also present in low densities in some sampling sites. In summary, our preliminary findings suggest that xylem-feeders are present at low densities in most of the olive-producing regions sampled in the Iberian Peninsula, suggesting that they are not in their optimal habitat.
Do Neutrinos Become Flavor Unstable Due to Collisions with Matter in the Supernova Decoupling Region?
Creators: name: Shalgar, Shashank
name: Tamborra, Irene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In core-collapse supernovae, the neutrino density is so large that neutrino flavor instabilities, leading to flavor conversion, can be triggered by the forward scattering of neutrinos among each other, if a crossing between the angular distributions of electron neutrinos and antineutrinos exists (fast instability in the limit of vanishing vacuum frequency) or in the presence of perturbations induced by the neutrino vacuum frequency (slow instability). Recently, it has been advanced the conjecture that neutrino collisions with the medium could be another mean to kickstart flavor change (collisional instability). Inspired by a spherically symmetric core-collapse supernova model with mass $18.6\ M_\odot$, we compute the neutrino angular distributions solving the kinetic equations for an average energy mode and investigate the occurrence of flavor instabilities at different post-bounce times, ranging from the accretion phase to the early cooling phase. We find that fast and slow flavor instabilities largely dominate over the collisional ones in the decoupling region for all post-bounce times. While more work is needed to assess the relevance of collisional instabilities in neutrino-dense environments, our findings suggest that neutrino collisions with matter affect the flavor evolution in the decoupling region, but are not responsible for triggering flavor conversion, if crossings in the neutrino lepton number angular distribution exist.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures, revtex4-1 two-column format. Version accepted in Phys. Rev. D
Ripartire dal territorio. Dalla comunità concreta alle bioregioni. In risposta a 11 domande su Olivetti
Creators: name: Magnaghi, Alberto
Publisher: name: La Rivista di Engramma
Year: 2019
Subjects: Olivetti
Community
Giacomo Beccattini
Society of Territorialists
Proximity
Solidarity
Society

description: According to Alberto Magnaghi, the territory for Olivetti is what, in an integrated and holistic form, generates community in the concrete sense of all its manifold aspects: productive, social, environmental and governmental. Since it recognizes the cultural complexity and socio-productive autonomy of the territory, it differs not only from other entrepreneurial models, such as Fiat or Ferrero, but also from the nineteenth-century company towns. Taking up the ideas of Giacomo Beccattini and the activities of the Society of Territorialists, Magnaghi offers a definition of territory as “not a geographic space but a set of places with historical depth and identity”, connected to the theme of community intended as proximity, solidarity, re-identification with places, and emergent political dimension with respect to the notion of society, whose outlines are increasingly blurred. This definition, in harmony with Olivetti’s, recognizes the potential for a territory’s self-governance by its inhabitants/manufacturers.
Quantum Stoner-Wohlfarth model
Creators: name: Hatomura, Takuya
name: Barbara, Bernard
name: Miyashita, Seiji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum mechanical counterpart of the famous Stoner-Wohlfarth model -- an easy-axis magnet in a tilted magnetic field -- is studied theoretically and through simulations, as a function of the spin-size $S$ in a sweeping longitudinal field. Beyond the classical Stoner-Wohlfarth transition, the sweeping field-induced adiabatic change of states slows down as $S$ increases, leading to a dynamical quantum phase transition. This result is described as a critical phenomenon associated with Landau-Zener tunneling gaps at metastable quasi-avoided crossings. Furthermore, a beating of the magnetization is discovered after the Stoner-Wohlfarth transition. The period of the beating, obtained analytically, arises from a new type of quantum phase factor.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 1 of Challenges to effective and autonomous genetic testing and counseling for ethno-cultural minorities: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Nehama Cohen-Kfir
name: Bentwich, Miriam Ethel
name: Kent, Andrew
name: Nomy Dickman
name: Tanus, Mary
name: Higazi, Basem
name: Kalfon, Limor
name: Rudolf, Mary
name: Falik-Zaccai, Tzipora C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 1. Communication of genetic risk.
Non-minimal kinetic coupled gravity: inflation on the Warped DGP brane
Creators: name: Darabi, F.
name: Parsiya, A.
name: Atazadeh, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the non-minimally kinetic coupled version of DGP brane model, where the kinetic term of the scalar field is coupled to the metric and Einstein tensor on the brane by a coupling constant $ζ$. We obtain the corresponding field equations, using the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker metric and the perfect fluid, and study the inflationary scenario to confront the numerical analysis of six typical scalar field potentials with the current observational results. We find that among the suggested potentials and coupling constants, subject to the e-folding $N=60$, the potentials $V(ϕ)=σϕ$, $V(ϕ)=σϕ^2$ and $V(ϕ)=σϕ^3$ provide the best fits with both Planck+WP+highL data and Planck+WP+highL+BICEP2 data.
description: 17 pages, 20 figures, 4 tables, revision. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:gr-qc/0303039, arXiv:1309.1950 by other authors
Estimating temperatures with low-cost infrared cameras using deep neural networks
Creators: name: Oz, Navot
name: Sochen, Nir
name: Mendelovich, David
name: Klapp, Iftach
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Low-cost thermal cameras are inaccurate (usually $\pm 3^\circ C$) and have space-variant nonuniformity across their detector. Both inaccuracy and nonuniformity are dependent on the ambient temperature of the camera. The goal of this work was to estimate temperatures with low-cost infrared cameras, and rectify the nonuniformity.
 A nonuniformity simulator that accounts for the ambient temperature was developed. An end-to-end neural network that incorporates both the physical model of the camera and the ambient camera temperature was introduced. The neural network was trained with the simulated nonuniformity data to estimate the object's temperature and correct the nonuniformity, using only a single image and the ambient temperature measured by the camera itself. Results of the proposed method significantly improved the mean temperature error compared to previous works by up to $0.5^\circ C$. In addition, constraining the physical model of the camera with the network lowered the error by an additional $0.1^\circ C$.
 The mean temperature error over an extensive validation dataset was $0.37^\circ C$. The method was verified on real data in the field and produced equivalent results.
Ultrarelativistic (Cauchy) spectral problem in the infinite well
Creators: name: Kirichenko, Elena V.
name: Garbaczewski, Piotr
name: Stephanovich, Vladimir
name: Żaba, Mariusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We analyze spectral properties of the ultrarelativistic (Cauchy) operator $|Δ|^{1/2}$, provided its action is constrained exclusively to the interior of the interval $[-1,1] \subset R$. To this end both analytic and numerical methods are employed. New high-accuracy spectral data are obtained. A direct analytic proof is given that trigonometric functions $\cos(nπx/2)$ and $\sin(nπx)$, for integer $n$ are {\it not} the eigenfunctions of $|Δ|_D^{1/2}$, $D=(-1,1)$. This clearly demonstrates that the traditional Fourier multiplier representation of $|Δ|^{1/2}$ becomes defective, while passing from $R$ to a bounded spatial domain $D\subset R$.
description: 11 pp, 2 figures
Additional file 1 of Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic integration for optimal dosage of cefquinome against Streptococcus equi subsp. equi in foals
Creators: name: Dong-Ha Lee
name: Biruk Tesfaye Birhanu
name: Eon-Bee Lee
name: Seung-Jin Lee
name: Boby, Naila
name: Park, Yong-Soo
name: Park, Seung-Chun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1. Serum protein binding percentage (%) of cefquinome in six horses.
Theory of electron and ion holes as vortices in the phase-space of collision-less plasmas
Creators: name: Lobo, Allen
name: Sayal, Vinod Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article studies the vortical nature and structure of phase-space holes -- nonlinear B.G.K. trapping modes found in the phase-space collision-free plasmas. A fluid-like outlook of the particles' phase-space is explored, which makes it convenient to analytically identify electron and ion holes as vortices -- similar to that of ordinary two-dimensional fluids. A fluid velocity is defined for the phase-space of the electrons and ions, continuity and momentum equations describing the flow of the phase-space fluid representing the particle system are then developed. Pressure formation and associated diffusion in phase-space of such systems is introduced and a vorticity field of the phase-space is then defined. Using these equations, electron holes and ion holes are analytically identified as vortices in the phase-space of the plasma. A relation between Schamel's trapping parameter ($β$), hole speed ($M$), hole phase-space depth ($-Γ$) and hole potential amplitude ($χ_0$) is derived. The approach introduces a new technique to study the phase-space holes of collision-less plasmas, allowing fluid-vortex-like treatment to these kinetic structures. Phase-space distribution functions for electron hole regions can then be analytically derived from this model, reproducing the schamel-df equations and thus acting as a precursor to the pseudo-potential approach, avoiding the need to assume a solution to the phase-space density.
A Benefit-Cost Analysis of a Worksite Nurse Practitioner Program: First Impressions
Creators: name: Martin, Nanette
name: Chenoweth, David
name: Raymond, Lawrence
name: Pankowski, Jared
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Objective: This study aimed to assess the initial impact of an on-site Nurse Practitioner (NP) initiative upon the health care costs (HCC) among 4,284 employees and their dependents. Methods: The authors analyzed HCC by two methods. First, they compared annualized actual values for the first six months of the start-up year (2004) with those projected for 2004 on the basis of claims paid in 2002 and 2003. Both aggregate and per-individual HCC were used as the basis for comparison. The difference in HCC between projected and observed values for 2004 was defined as the benefit of the NP program. In a second analysis, HCC were calculated using 2003 paid claims for Major Diagnostic Categories (MDC). These HCC were compared with those which would have been incurred, had off-site care been utilized for the (annualized) number of such patients cared for by the NP in 2004, with the same MDC. The cost of the NP program was used as the denominator in calculating the benefit-to-cost ratio, using the savings in HCC estimated by the two above methods. Results: Annualized cost of the NP program was $82, 716. Savings in HCC using the first method were $1,313,756 per year, yielding a benefit-to-cost ratio of 15 to 1. Using the MDC analysis, the ratio was 2.4 to 1. This difference in ratios between the two estimates may partly be attributable to effects of other initiatives, such as the wellness program and the Nurse Health Line. The latter was begun 10 weeks prior to the NP program, is available at all times, and is intended to minimize the need for workers and families to seek high-cost care at hospital emergency departments. Conclusions: The first six months of a new NP initiative yielded substantial reductions in HCC which warrant further analysis over longer periods of observation. However, the initial estimates may understate the aggregate value of the program since it may also reduce on-site injury and illness patterns and improve productivity, end-points which were not assessed in this initial snapshot
Magnetic field measurements of $ε$ Eridani from Zeeman broadening
Creators: name: Lehmann, L. T.
name: Künstler, A.
name: Carroll, T. A.
name: Strassmeier, K. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new magnetic field measurements of the K2 main-sequence star $ε$ Eridani based on principal components analysis (PCA) line-profile reconstructions. The aim of this paper is to quantify the surface-averaged magnetic field and search for possible variations. A total of 338 optical echelle spectra from our robotic telescope facility STELLA with a spectral resolution of 55,000 were available for analysis. This time-series was used to search for the small line-profile variations due to a surface magnetic field with the help of a PCA. Evidence for a spatial and temporal inhomogeneous magnetic field distribution is presented. The mean, surface averaged, magnetic field strength was found to be $\langle B \rangle = 186 \pm 47\,\mathrm{G}$ in good agreement with previous Zeeman-broadening measurements. Clear short-term variations of the surface averaged magnetic field of up to few tens Gauss were detected together with evidence for a three-year cycle in the surface-averaged magnetic field of $ε$ Eridani.