cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Patterns of Flavour Violation in the Presence of a Fourth Generation of Quarks and Leptons
Creators: name: Buras, Andrzej J.
name: Duling, Björn
name: Feldmann, Thorsten
name: Heidsieck, Tillmann
name: Promberger, Christoph
name: Recksiegel, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate a number of observables related to particle-antiparticle mixing and the branching ratios for the most interesting rare and CP-violating K and B decays in the Standard Model (SM3) extended by a fourth generation of quarks and leptons (SM4). A model-independent parameterisation of these observables in terms of gauge-independent functions is adopted, which is useful for studying the breaking of the universality between K, Bd and Bs systems through non-minimal flavour violating interactions. We calculate first the mass differences Delta M_i in the neutral K and B system, the mixing-induced CP asymmetries S_{psi K_S}, S_{psi phi}, S_{phi K_S}, S_{eta' K_S} and epsilon_K. Subsequently, a detailed analysis of K^+ -> pi^+ nu nu, K_L -> pi^0 nu nu, B_{s,d} -> mu^+ mu^-, B -> X_{s,d} nu nu, K_L -> pi^0 l^+ l^-, B -> X_s gamma and B -> X_{s,d} l^+ l^- is presented, and also epsilon'/epsilon is considered. For some of these observables the departures from SM3 predictions can still be spectacular. We discuss how the new mixing parameters (3 angles, 2 CP phases) can be determined using the flavour observables in question. We identify the different hierarchical structures in the SM4 flavour mixing matrix, allowed by phenomenological and theoretical constraints, and define the corresponding generalised Wolfenstein expansion. Most importantly, we show how the characteristic patterns of correlations among the considered flavour observables allow to distinguish this New Physics scenario from supersymmetric flavour models, the Littlest Higgs model with T-parity and the Randall-Sundrum model with custodial protection.
description: Heavily revised version, added lots of comments, improved presentation, matches published version
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group D member 1 suppresses the proliferation, migration of adventitial fibroblasts, and vascular intimal hyperplasia via mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1/β-catenin pathway
Creators: name: Peng, Ke
name: Wang, Mingliang
name: Wang, Jun
name: Wang, Qiang
name: Li, De
name: Sun, Xiongshan
name: Yang, Yongjian
name: Yang, Dachun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: In-stent restenosis hardly limits the therapeutic effect of the percutaneous vascular intervention. Although the restenosis is significantly ameliorated after the application of new drug-eluting stents, the incidence of restenosis remains at a high level. Vascular adventitial fibroblasts (AFs) play an important role in intimal hyperplasia and subsequent restenosis. The current study was aimed to investigate the role of nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group D, member 1 (NR1D1) in the vascular intimal hyperplasia. We observed increased expression of NR1D1 after the transduction of adenovirus carrying Nr1d1 gene (Ad-Nr1d1) in AFs. Ad-Nr1d1 transduction significantly reduced the numbers of total AFs, Ki-67-positive AFs, and the migration rate of AFs. NR1D1 overexpression decreased the expression level of β-catenin and attenuated the phosphorylation of the effectors of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), including mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and 4E binding protein 1 (4EBP1). Restoration of β-catenin by SKL2001 abolished the inhibitory effects of NR1D1 overexpression on the proliferation and migration of AFs. Surprisingly, the restoration of mTORC1 activity by insulin could also reverse the decreased expression of β-catenin, attenuated proliferation, and migration in AFs induced by NR1D1 overexpression. In vivo, we found that SR9009 (an agonist of NR1D1) ameliorated the intimal hyperplasia at days 28 after injury of carotid artery. We further observed that SR9009 attenuated the increased Ki-67-positive AFs, an essential part of vascular restenosis at days 7 after injury to the carotid artery. These data suggest that NR1D1 inhibits intimal hyperplasia by suppressing the proliferation and migration of AFs in a mTORC1/β-catenin-dependent manner.
Electromagnetic interaction between a metallic nanoparticle and surface in tunnelling proximity modelling and experiment
Creators: name: Mitra, J.
name: Feng, Lei
name: Boyle, Michael G.
name: Dawson, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We simulate the localized surface plasmon resonances of an Au nanoparticle within tunneling proximity of a Au substrate and demonstrate that the modes may be identified with those responsible for light emission from a scanning tunneling microscope. Relative to the modes of an isolated nanoparticle these modes show significant red-shifting, extending further into the infrared with increasing radius, primarily due to a proximity-induced lowering of the effective bulk plasmon frequency. Spatial mapping of the field enhancement factor shows an oscillatory variation of the field, absent in the case of a dielectric substrate; also the degree of localization of the modes, and thus the resolution achievable electromagnetically, is shown to depend primarily on the nanoparticle radius with only a weak dependence on wavelength.
Nonlinear Bayesian Estimation with Compactly Supported Wavelets
Creators: name: Hekler, Achim
name: Kiefel, Martin
name: Hanebeck, Uwe D.
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2010

description: Bayesian estimation for nonlinear systems is still a challenging problem, as in general the type of the true probability density changes and the complexity increases over time. Hence, approximations of the occurring equations and/or of the underlying probability density functions are inevitable. In this paper, we propose an approximation of the conditional densities by wavelet expansions. This kind of representation allows a sparse set of characterizing coefficients, especially for smooth or piecewise smooth density functions. Besides its good approximation properties, fast algorithms operating on sparse vectors are applicable and thus, a good trade-off between approximation quality and run-time can be achieved. Moreover, due to its highly generic nature, it can be applied to a large class of nonlinear systems with a high modeling accuracy. In particular, the noise acting upon the system can be modeled by an arbitrary probability distribution and can influence the system in any way.
A scaling analysis of a cat and mouse Markov chain
Creators: name: Litvak, Nelly
name: Robert, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: If $(C_n)$ is a Markov chain on a discrete state space ${\mathcal{S}}$, a Markov chain $(C_n,M_n)$ on the product space ${\mathcal{S}}\times{\mathcal{S}}$, the cat and mouse Markov chain, is constructed. The first coordinate of this Markov chain behaves like the original Markov chain and the second component changes only when both coordinates are equal. The asymptotic properties of this Markov chain are investigated. A representation of its invariant measure is, in particular, obtained. When the state space is infinite it is shown that this Markov chain is in fact null recurrent if the initial Markov chain $(C_n)$ is positive recurrent and reversible. In this context, the scaling properties of the location of the second component, the mouse, are investigated in various situations: simple random walks in ${\mathbb{Z}}$ and ${\mathbb{Z}}^2$ reflected a simple random walk in ${\mathbb{N}}$ and also in a continuous time setting. For several of these processes, a time scaling with rapid growth gives an interesting asymptotic behavior related to limiting results for occupation times and rare events of Markov processes.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/11-AAP785 the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Numerical studies on the self-similar collapse of the alpha-patches problem
Creators: name: Mancho, Ana M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65M99, 35Q35

description: This paper studies the dynamical evolution of the alpha-patches problem expressed in self-similar variables. A numerical algorithm is proposed and these equations are numerically explored. Several benchmarks of the code are discussed throughout the paper. Exact self-similar solutions are described and are found to play a role in separating collapsing from non-collapsing initial data: small perturbations around this solution blow up while others do not. Numerical simulations performed near convergent rescaled profiles, such as those described by Cordoba et al. in [12], indicate the absence of a stationary graph in the neighborhood of the rescaled profiles and suggest a more complex scenario for blow up.
description: 31 pages, 12 figures
Agricultural Relief; A Selected and Annotated Bibliography
Creators: name: Library, Bureau Of Agricultural Economics
name: Library, Bureau Of Agricultural Economics
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1933
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Excerpts from the Foreword: This is a reprint, with certain corrections and the addition of an index, of an unnumbered bibliography with the same title issued August 15, 1933, which was a revision and enlargement of two earlier bibliographies, namely: Agricultural Relief, published June 1929 as Agricultural Economics Bibliography No. 27; and The Domestic Allotment Plans for the Relief of Agriculture, published February 1933 as Agricultural Economics Bibliography No. 41. In addition to the references included in the earlier bibliographies, this one includes references to articles and some editorials published in certain popular and literary magazines, farm papers, and daily newspapers. It does not pretend to include all such articles and editorials, thousands of which have appeared in the many periodicals and newspapers published in the United States since 1920. In selecting the periodicals and newspapers to be examined, an attempt was made to select representative publications in each group.
The inclusion process: duality and correlation inequalities
Creators: name: GIARDINA', Cristian
name: F. Redig
name: K. Vafayi
Publisher: name: arXiv.org
Year: 2010

description: We prove a comparison inequality between a system of independent random walkers and a system of random walkers which interact by attracting each other -a process which we call here the symmetric inclusion process (SIP). As an application, correlation inequalities for the SIP, as well as for a model of heat conduction, the so-called Brownian momentum process, are obtained. These inequalities are counterparts of the inequalities (in the opposite direction) for the symmetric exclusion process, showing that the SIP is a natural bosonic analogue of the symmetric exclusion process (which is fermionic). We discuss stationary measures of the SIP, and an asymmetric version that has the same stationary probability measures, as well as infinite non-translation invariant reversible measures. Finally, we consider a boundary driven version of the SIP for which we prove duality and correlation inequalities.
Pulse Shape Analysis and Identification of Multipoint Events in a Large-Volume Proportional Counter in an Experimental Search for 2K Capture Kr-78
Creators: name: Gavriljuk, Yu. M.
name: Gangapshev, A. M.
name: Kazalov, V. V.
name: Kuzminov, V. V.
name: Panasenko, S. I.
name: Ratkevich, S. S.
name: Yakimenko, S. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A pulse shape analysis algorithm and a method for suppressing the noise component of signals from a large copper proportional counter in the experiment aimed at searching for 2K capture of Kr-78 are described. These signals correspond to a compound event with different numbers of charge clusters due to from primary ionization is formed by these signals. A technique for separating single- and multipoint events and determining the charge in individual clusters is presented. Using the Daubechies wavelets in multiresolutional signal analysis, it is possible to increase the sensitivity and the resolution in extraction of multipoint events in the detector by a factor of 3-4.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures. submitted to Instruments and Experimental Techniques; ISSN 0020/4412
Supplementary document for In vivo fluorescence molecular imaging of vascular endothelial growth factor in rats with early diabetic retinopathy - 5511961.pdf
Creators: name: Zhang, Lu
name: Ding, Yunhe
name: Chen, Xinjian
name: Xiang, Dehui
name: Shi, Fei
name: Chen, Yanyun
name: Yan, Shenshen
name: Zhang, Xinyuan
name: Tian, Jie
name: Sivaprasad, Sobha
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplementary figures in the manuscript.
On diagnostic accuracy measure with cut-points criterion for ordinal disease classification based on concordance and discordance
Creators: name: Kersey, Jing
name: Samawi, Hani
name: Yin, Jingjing
name: Rochani, Haresh
name: Zhang, Xinyan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: The accuracy of a diagnostic test has always been essential in detecting disease staging. Many diagnostic tests of accuracy measures are used in binary diagnosis tests. Some measures apply to multi-stage diagnosis. Yet, there are limitations to the implementation, and the performance highly depends on the distribution of diagnostic outcomes. Another essential aspect of medical diagnostic testing using biomarkers is to find an optimal cut-point that categorizes a patient as diseased or healthy. This aspect was extended to the diseases with more than two stages. We propose a diagnostic accuracy measure and optimal cut-points selection (CD), using concordance and discordance for k-stages diseases. The CD measure uses the classification agreement and disagreement between tests outcomes and diseases stages. Simulations for power studies suggest that CD can detect the differences between the null and alternative hypotheses that other methods cannot for some scenarios. Simulation results indicate that using CD measures to select optimal cut-points can provide relatively high correct classification rates than the existing measures and more balanced accurate classification rates than the generalized Youden Index (GYI). An illustration is provided using the ANDI data to choose biomarkers for diagnosing Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and select optimal cut-points for the chosen biomarkers.
Estimation for High-Dimensional Linear Mixed-Effects Models Using $\ell_1$-Penalization
Creators: name: Schelldorfer, Jürg
name: Bühlmann, Peter
name: van de Geer, Sara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose an $\ell_1$-penalized estimation procedure for high-dimensional linear mixed-effects models. The models are useful whenever there is a grouping structure among high-dimensional observations, i.e. for clustered data. We prove a consistency and an oracle optimality result and we develop an algorithm with provable numerical convergence. Furthermore, we demonstrate the performance of the method on simulated and a real high-dimensional data set.
Optimal Stochastic Linearization for Range-based Localization
Creators: name: Beutler, Frederik
name: Huber, Marco F.
name: Hanebeck, Uwe D.
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2010

description: In range-based localization, the trajectory of a mobile object is estimated based on noisy range measurements between the object and known landmarks. In order to deal with this uncertain information, a Bayesian state estimator is presented, which exploits optimal stochastic linearization. Compared to standard state estimators like the Extended or Unscented Kalman Filter, where a point-based Gaussian approximation is used, the proposed approach considers the entire Gaussian density for linearization. By employing the common assumption that the state and measurements are jointly Gaussian, the linearization can be calculated in closed form and thus analytic expressions for the range-based localization problem can be derived.
A multivariate spatiotemporal model for tracking COVID-19 incidence and death rates in socially vulnerable populations
Creators: name: Neelon, Brian
name: Wen, Chun-Che
name: Benjamin-Neelon, Sara E.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Recent studies have produced inconsistent findings regarding the association between community social vulnerability and COVID-19 incidence and death rates. This inconsistency may be due, in part, to the fact that these studies modeled cases and deaths separately, ignoring their inherent association and thus yielding imprecise estimates. To improve inferences, we develop a Bayesian multivariate negative binomial model for exploring joint spatial and temporal trends in COVID-19 infections and deaths. The model introduces smooth functions that capture long-term temporal trends, while maintaining enough flexibility to detect local outbreaks in areas with vulnerable populations. Using multivariate autoregressive priors, we jointly model COVID-19 cases and deaths over time, taking advantage of convenient conditional representations to improve posterior computation. As such, the proposed model provides a general framework for multivariate spatiotemporal modeling of counts and rates. We adopt a fully Bayesian approach and develop an efficient posterior Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm that relies on easily sampled Gibbs steps. We use the model to examine incidence and death rates among counties with high and low social vulnerability in the state of Georgia, USA, from 15 March to 15 December 2020.
MPEC 2024-C84 : 2017 CN1
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
The Making of an ORCID Consortium: Launching the US Government ORCID Consortium
Creators: name: Robinson, Carly
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: In late 2018, the US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI) embarked on the adventure of developing a new ORCID consortium. There were many factors and decision points to consider – what organizations could join the consortium, how the consortium should operate, staffing resources, consortium fee models, and much more. DOE OSTI wanted to develop a consortium to share best practices, API integration ideas, discuss barriers, raise ORCID awareness, and identify potential collaborations while decreasing membership costs and streamlining administrative and technical support. We wanted to offer ORCID consortium membership to help our organizations disambiguate researchers, track research outputs and awards, highlight facility use, auto-populate information collection in proposals, and facilitate connections between a researcher, their funding, facility use, and research outputs. It took a year and a half before the consortium was launched April 1st, 2020. The US Government ORCID Consortium now has 9 member organizations and counting. This session will walk through our consortium development process and ask what you might consider during the development of own consortium, whether it’s an ORCID consortium or another PID consortium.
ORCID en Latinoamérica
Creators: name: Heredia, Ana
name: Cardoso, Ana Patricia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: orcid
pid
PIDapalooza 2021
pids

description: In the frame of the newly created PID Communities International area for the next PIDapalooza 2021, we, from ORCID Latin America, would be delighted to share ORCID's experience and adoption in the region, talking about strategy and policies, increase in the number of ORCiD iDs and ORCID members integrating and adding information to their researchers records, and improving data provenance, sharing and transparency in the region. We would like to take the audience on a 15-20 minutes' trip to what is going on in the region in terms of ORCID and other open PIDs adoption, and dive into the case of a governmental funding agency which adopted ORCID as part of the national research infrastructure, with amazing results. We would like to share the successes and the obstacles in the PIDs adoption in the Latin America region. Presentación en PIDapalooza 2021 - En español https://www.pidapalooza.org/schedule
The effect of the intertrial interval on the acquisition and retention of novel multiplication facts
Creators: name: Jordan, Donald Bruce
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The study investigated the effect of the intertrial interval on the learning of novel multiplication facts by grade three students. For nine consecutive school days the experimenter played tape recorded treatments to the students. A treatment consisted of the oral presentation of a list of fifteen novel multiplication problems and corresponding answers read through twice in a random order. A 3-second response interval was allowed between the reading of a problem and the reading of the corresponding answer. The time interval between the reading of an answer and the reading of the next problem was defined as the intertrial interval. The sample of 210 grade three students was divided into three groups. One group had an intertrial interval of 3 seconds, the second group had an intertrial interval of 7 seconds, and the third group had an intertrial interval of 12 seconds. Fifteen novel problems were determined from an item analysis of a forty-problem pre-test administered before the treatments began. A post-test consisting of only the fifteen novel problems was administered immediately following the last treatment. A retention test consisting of a random order of the fifteen novel problems was administered ten days after the last treatment. Acquisition was defined as the difference between the post-test score and the pre-test novel score. Retention was defined as the difference between the retention test score and the pre-test novel score. A one-tailed t test was used to test the significance of the mean acquisition score within each group. A two-tailed t test was used to test the significance of the mean retention score within each group. The significance of the difference in the mean acquisition and retention scores between groups was tested using analysis of covariance and Tukey's procedure for comparing individual means. Acquisition and retention within each treatment group were significant beyond the .001 level. In both acquisition and retention the 7-second group and the 12-second group performed significantly better (p<.001) than the 3-second group. There was no significant difference between the 7-second group and the 12-second group in either acquisition or retention. For the task at hand, the results indicated that 7 seconds was a good approximation to the optimal intertrial interval.
Phase Closure Image Reconstruction for Future VLTI Instrumentation
Creators: name: Filho, Mercedes E.
name: Renard, Stephanie
name: Garcia, Paulo
name: Duvert, Gilles
name: Duchene, Gaspard
name: Thiebaut, Eric
name: Young, John
name: Absil, Olivier
name: Berger, Jean-Phillipe
name: Beckert, Thomas
name: Hoenig, Sebastian
name: Schertl, Dieter
name: Weigelt, Gerd
name: Testi, Leonardo
name: Tatuli, Eric
name: Borkowski, Virginie
name: de Becker, Michael
name: Surdej, Jean
name: Aringer, Bernard
name: Hron, Joseph
name: Lebzelter, Thomas
name: Chiavassa, Andrea
name: Corradi, Romano
name: Harries, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classically, optical and near-infrared interferometry have relied on closure phase techniques to produce images. Such techniques allow us to achieve modest dynamic ranges. In order to test the feasibility of next generation optical interferometers in the context of the VLTI-spectro-imager (VSI), we have embarked on a study of image reconstruction and analysis. Our main aim was to test the influence of the number of telescopes, observing nights and distribution of the visibility points on the quality of the reconstructed images. Our results show that observations using six Auxiliary Telescopes (ATs) during one complete night yield the best results in general and is critical in most science cases; the number of telescopes is the determining factor in the image reconstruction outcome. In terms of imaging capabilities, an optical, six telescope VLTI-type configuration and ~200 meter baseline will achieve 4 mas spatial resolution, which is comparable to ALMA and almost 50 times better than JWST will achieve at 2.2 microns. Our results show that such an instrument will be capable of imaging, with unprecedented detail, a plethora of sources, ranging from complex stellar surfaces to microlensing events.
description: 11 pages, 26 figures
title: 2.4.3. Junges und mittleres Erwachsenenalter
Creators: name: Pinquart, Martin
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine
subject: Psychosoziale Medizin

description: (Kapitel des Online Lehrbuch der Medizinischen Psychologie und Medizinischen Soziologie
Predictions of elliptic flow and nuclear modification factor from 200 GeV U + U collisions at RHIC
Creators: name: Masui, Hiroshi
name: Mohanty, Bedangadas
name: Xu, Nu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Predictions of elliptic flow ($v_2$) and nuclear modification factor ($R_{AA}$) are provided as a function of centrality in U + U collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}$ = 200 GeV. Since the $^{238}$U nucleus is naturally deformed, one could adjust the properties of the fireball, density and duration of the hot and dense system, for example, in high energy nuclear collisions by carefully selecting the colliding geometry. Within our Monte Carlo Glauber based approach, the $v_2$ with respect to the reaction plane $v_2^{RP}$ in U + U collisions is consistent with that in Au + Au collisions, while the $v_2$ with respect to the participant plane $v_2^{PP}$ increases $\sim$30-60% at top 10% centrality which is attributed to the larger participant eccentricity at most central U + U collisions. The suppression of $R_{AA}$ increases and reaches $\sim$0.1 at most central U + U collisions that is by a factor of 2 more suppression compared to the central Au + Au collisions due to large size and deformation of Uranium nucleus.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures; typo added, fix the systematic error on the v2^{PP}
Hyperfine interaction mediated exciton spin relaxation in (In,Ga)As quantum dots
Creators: name: Kurtze, H.
name: Yakovlev, D. R.
name: Reuter, D.
name: Wieck, A. D.
name: Bayer, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The population dynamics of dark and bright excitons in (In,Ga)As/GaAs quantum dots is studied by two-color pump-probe spectroscopy in an external magnetic field. With the field applied in Faraday geometry and at T<20 K, the dark excitons decay on a ten nanoseconds time scale unless the magnetic field induces a resonance with a bright exciton state. At these crossings their effective lifetime is drastically shortened due to spin flips of either electron or hole by which the dark excitons are converted into bright ones. Due to the quasielastic character we attribute the origin of these flips to the hyperfine interaction with the lattice nuclei. We compare the exciton spin relaxation times in the two resonances and find that the spin flip involving an electron is approximately 25 times faster than the one of the hole. A temperature increase leads to a considerable, nonmonotonic decrease of the dark exciton lifetime. Here phonon-mediated spin flips due to the spin-orbit interaction gradually become more important.
description: expanded version (cf. sections III.C and III.D)
Distribution-valued heavy-traffic limits for the $G/\mathit{GI}/\infty$ queue
Creators: name: Reed, Josh
name: Talreja, Rishi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the $G/\mathit{GI}/\infty$ queue in heavy-traffic using tempered distribution-valued processes which track the age and residual service time of each customer in the system. In both cases, we use the continuous mapping theorem together with functional central limit theorem results in order to obtain fluid and diffusion limits for these processes in the space of tempered distribution-valued processes. We find that our diffusion limits are tempered distribution-valued Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/14-AAP1027 in the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
PIDs para principiantes
Creators: name: Heredia, Ana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: orcid
doi
crossref
datacite
pid
pids

description: Se você é novo no mundo dos identificadores persistentes ou apenas precisa de uma atualização básica sobre PIDs, esta sessão introdutória é para você! Explicaremos o que é um identificador persistente, o que eles podem fazer e por que são importantes; e compartilharemos informações sobre alguns dos principais PIDs. Nosso experiente e entusiasta palestrante vai responder às suas perguntas e compartilhar as informações necessárias para que você mesmo seja uma pessoa PID! Apresentação no PIDapalooza 2021 - em português https://www.pidapalooza.org/schedule
Pew Research Center: American Trends Panel Wave 49
Creators: name: Pew Research Center
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2020

description: Social media use (4); politics on social media (3); personal information (1); digital privacy (3); voice-controlled smart speaker (6); smart home systems (1); smart watch or fitness tracker (1); loyalty program (1); mail in DNA testing service (1); information tracked by advertisers or other companies (9); information tracked by government (8); concern about people or groups having access to personal information (6); control over access of personal information (6); terms and conditions of privacy policies (4); confidence in companies on privacy issues (5); comfort with companies' use of private data (3); laws and regulation of data privacy (3); decided not to use product or service because of data collection (2); knowledge of technology and privacy (10); password manager (2); smartphones (2); searchable personal information (9); profiles for targeted marketing (5); acceptable uses of personal data (6); facial recognition technology (10); identity theft (3).
Accretion in Protoplanetary Disks by Collisional Fusion
Creators: name: Wettlaufer, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation of a solar system is believed to have followed a multi-stage process around a protostar. Whipple first noted that planetesimal growth by particle agglomeration is strongly influenced by gas drag; there is a "bottleneck" at the meter scale with such bodies rapidly spiraling into the central star, whereas much smaller or larger particles do not. Thus, successful planetary accretion requires rapid planetesimal growth to km scale. A commonly accepted picture is that for collisional velocities $V_c$ above a certain threshold collisional velocity, ${V_{th}} \sim$ 0.1-10 cm s$^{-1}$, particle agglomeration is not possible; elastic rebound overcomes attractive surface and intermolecular forces. However, if perfect sticking is assumed for all collisions the bottleneck can be overcome by rapid planetesimal growth. While previous work has dealt explicitly with the influences of collisional pressures and the possibility of particle fracture or penetration, the basic role of the phase behavior of matter--phase diagrams, amorphs and polymorphs--has been neglected. Here it is demonstrated that novel aspects of surface phase transitions provide a physical basis for efficient sticking through collisional melting or amphorph-/polymorphization and fusion to extend the collisional velocity range of primary accretion to $ΔV_c \sim$ 1-100 m s$^{-1}$, which bound both turbulent RMS speeds and the velocity differences between boulder sized and small grains $\sim$ 1-50 m s$^{-1}$. Thus, as inspiraling meter sized bodies collide with smaller particles in this high velocity collisional fusion regime they grow rapidly to km scales and hence settle into stable Keplerian orbits in $\sim$ 10$^5$ years before photoevaporative wind clears the disk of source material.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, 1 table
title: Methoden und Anwendungen zur Polvorgabe mittels strukturbeschränkter Rückführungen
Creators: name: Stein, Gregor Lukas
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2020

description: In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden Methoden und Anwendungen zur Pol- bzw. Eigenwertvorgabe linearer, zeitinvarianter dynamischer Systeme diskutiert. Im Fokus stehen hierbei Aufgabenstellungen des integrierten Regler- und Strukturentwurfs. Bei diesen beinhaltet die Entwurfsaufgabe, neben der Auslegung einer Regelung, die geeignete Wahl beeinflussbarer Parameter der Regelstrecke. Als gemeinsamer Ausgangspunkt der betrachteten Syntheseverfahren dient die Formulierung entsprechender Aufgabenstellungen als Entwurfsprobleme statischer, strukturbeschränkter Rückführungen. Es wird zunächst eine Vorgehensweise vorgestellt, die im Falle der Rückführung aller Zustände eine parametrische Lösung des Polvorgabeproblems unter Einbeziehung der Freiheitsgrade der Regelstrecke erlaubt. Unter Verwendung der resultierenden parametrischen Darstellung der Matrix der Zustandsrückführung wird ein Optimierungsproblem formuliert, das darauf abzielt, insbesondere die Robustheitseigenschaften des geschlossenen Regelkreises zu verbessern. Oftmals ist es wünschenswert, restriktive Strukturbeschränkungen bezüglich einer auszulegenden Rückführung berücksichtigen zu können. In diesem Kontext werden Ansätze zur Pol- und Polbereichsvorgabe sowie zur Erhöhung von Eigenwert-Dämpfungsgraden vorgestellt, bei denen die Entwurfsprobleme direkt als Optimierungsprobleme in den beeinflussbaren Elementen der Matrix der Rückführung formuliert werden. Eigenschaften der in diesem Zusammenhang auftretenden Funktionen von Eigenwerten werden bei der Formulierung dieser Optimierungsprobleme sowie bei der Auswahl geeigneter Algorithmen zur Suche nach Lösungen gezielt beachtet. Die Beschreibung aller vorgestellten Verfahren wird von ausführlich diskutierten Entwurfsbeispielen begleitet, die sich mit Problemstellungen zur Minderung von Strukturschwingungen mittels aktiver und passiver Regelsysteme befassen.
A fixed-parameter algorithm for the minimum Manhattan network problem
Creators: name: Knauer, Christian
name: Spillner, Andreas
Publisher: name: Journal of Computational Geometry
Year: 2011

description: A Manhattan network for a finite set P of points in the plane is a geometric graph such that its vertex set contains P, its edges are axis-parallel and non-crossing and, for any two points p andq in P, there exists a path in the network connecting p and q whose length equals the l1-distance between p and q. The problem of computing a Manhattan network of minimum total edge length for a given point set P has recently been shown to be NP-hard. In this note, using as the parameter the minimum number h of horizontal straight lines that contain the points in P, we present a fixed-parameter algorithm for this problem running in O*(214h) time and note that, under the exponential time hypothesis for 3-SAT, a run time that is subexponential in h is impossible.
description: Journal of Computational Geometry, Vol 2, No 1 (2011)
The New Frontier: Galactic-Scale Star Formation
Creators: name: Calzetti, Daniela
name: Kennicutt, Robert C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The arena of investigation of star formation and its scaling laws is slowly, but consistently, shifting from the realm of luminous galaxies to that of faint ones and to sub--galactic regions, as existing and new facilities enable investigators to probe regions of the combined parameter space of surface brightness, wavelength, and angular resolution that were inaccessible until a few years ago. We summarize what has been accomplished, and what remain as challenges in the field of galactic--scale star formation.
description: accepted for publication on PASP, short review for the IYA2009, 12 pages, no figures
Situated Learning in Open Communities
Creators: name: Cámara De La Fuente, Lidia
name: Comas-Quinn, Anna
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 410 Linguistik

description: Online communities where users can engage as both consumers and producers of content offer increasing opportunities for teachers and learners to connect formal and informal learning, often through open practice.TED Translators, an online community of volunteers involved in the crowd-sourced translation of audiovisual open content, provides a good opportunity for teachers to involve their students in completing authentic tasks that make a real contribution to society, in this case, disseminating ideas across languages and cultures whilst practicing the skill of translating video subtitles.Using a qualitative approach based on the analysis of participants’ narratives, we explored the experiences of situated learning within a community of practice as part of a pedagogy that seeks to exploit the intersection between learning in formal and informal contexts. We focused on students’ perceptions of the learning derived from participation in TED Translators, and the role of this activity in the training of translators, and found that participants valued the learning of a new skill and the often serendipitous knowledge they gained about other topics, and were mostly positive about the role of this kind of activity in translator education.
Probability distribution of the vacuum energy density
Creators: name: Duplancic, G.
name: Glavan, D.
name: Stefancic, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As the vacuum state of a quantum field is not an eigenstate of the Hamiltonian density, the vacuum energy density can be represented as a random variable. We present an analytical calculation of the probability distribution of the vacuum energy density for real and complex massless scalar fields in Minkowski space. The obtained probability distributions are broad and the vacuum expectation value of the Hamiltonian density is not fully representative of the vacuum energy density.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, revised version to appear in Phys.Rev.D
Monmouth University Poll: October 2016 Wisconsin Poll
Creators: name: Monmouth University Polling Institute
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2024

description: Voting in November election (1); Presidential election (3); Senate election (3); impression of Donald Trump (3); impression of Hillary Clinton (3); impression of Ron Johnson (2); impression of Russ Feingold (2); Paul Ryan support towards Trump (2).
Nonexistence of Entanglement Sudden Death in High NOON States
Creators: name: Al-Qasimi, Asma
name: James, Daniel F. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of entanglement in continuous variable quantum systems (CVQS). Specifically, we study the phenomena of Entanglement Sudden Death (ESD) in general two-mode-N-photon states undergoing pure dephasing. We show that for these states, ESD never occurs. These states are generalizations of the so-called High NOON states, shown to decrease the Rayleigh limit of lambda to lambda/N, which promises great improvement in resolution of interference patterns if states with large N are physically realized. However, we show that in dephasing NOON states, the time to reach V_crit, critical visibility, scales inversely with N^2. On the practical level, this shows that as N increases, the visibility degrades much faster, which is likely to be a considerable drawback for any practical application of these states.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Classification of the FRW universe with a cosmological constant and a perfect fluid of the equation of state $p = wρ$
Creators: name: Ha, Te
name: Huang, Yongqing
name: Ma, Qianyu
name: Pechan, Kristen D.
name: Renner, Timothy J.
name: Wu, Zhenbin
name: Benesh, G. A.
name: Wang, Anzhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We systematically study the evolution of the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) universe coupled with a cosmological constant $Λ$ and a perfect fluid that has the equation of state $p=wρ$, where $p$ and $ρ$ denote, respectively, the pressure and energy density of the fluid, and $w$ is an arbitrary real constant. Depending on the specific values of $w,\; Λ$, and the curvature $k$ of 3-dimensional space, we separate all of the solutions into various cases. In each case the main properties of the evolution are given in detail, including the periods of deceleration and/or acceleration, and the existence of big bang, big crunch, and big rip singularities. In some cases, errors in classification and interpretation appearing in standard textbooks have been corrected.
description: revtex4, 24 figures
Pseudorandom Generators Against Advised Context-Free Languages
Creators: name: Yamakami, Tomoyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.3, F.1.1, F.1.3

description: Pseudorandomness has played a central role in modern cryptography, finding theoretical and practical applications to various fields of computer science. A function that generates pseudorandom strings from shorter but truly random seeds is known as a pseudorandom generator. Our generators are designed to fool languages (or equivalently, Boolean-valued functions). In particular, our generator fools advised context-free languages, namely, context-free languages assisted by external information known as advice, and moreover our generator is made almost one-to-one, stretching $n$-bit seeds to $n+1$ bits. We explicitly construct such a pseudorandom generator, which is computed by a deterministic Turing machine using logarithmic space and also belongs to CFLMV(2)/n---a functional extension of the 2-conjunctive closure of CFL with the help of appropriate deterministic advice. In contrast, we show that there is no almost one-to-one pseudorandom generator against context-free languages if we demand that it should be computed by a nondeterministic pushdown automaton equipped with a write-only output tape. Our generator naturally extends known pseudorandom generators against advised regular languages. Our proof of the CFL/n-pseudorandomness of the generator is quite elementary, and in particular, one part of the proof utilizes a special feature of the behaviors of nondeterministic pushdown automata, called a swapping property, which is interesting in its own right, generalizing the swapping lemma for context-free languages.
description: A4, 10pt, 5 figures, 30 pages. This is the latest complete version, improving the readability
Scale dependence of local f_NL
Creators: name: Byrnes, Christian T.
name: Nurmi, Sami
name: Tasinato, Gianmassimo
name: Wands, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider possible scale-dependence of the non-linearity parameter f_NL in local and quasi-local models of non-Gaussian primordial density perturbations. In the simplest model where the primordial perturbations are a quadratic local function of a single Gaussian field then f_NL is scale-independent by construction. However scale-dependence can arise due to either a local function of more than one Gaussian field, or due to non-linear evolution of modes after horizon-exit during inflation. We show that the scale dependence of f_NL is typically first order in slow-roll. For some models this may be observable with experiments such as Planck provided that f_NL is close to the current observational bounds.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure; v3: acknowledgments of financial support added, no further changes
Altarelli-Parisi Equation in Non-Equilibrium QCD
Creators: name: Nayak, Gouranga C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $Q^2$ evolution of fragmentation function in non-equilibrium QCD by using DGLAP evolution equation may be necessary to study hadron formation from quark-gluon plasma at RHIC and LHC. In this paper we study splitting functions in non-equilibrium QCD by using Schwinger-Keldysh closed-time path integral formalism. For quarks and gluons with arbitrary non-equilibrium distribution functions $f_q({\vec p})$ and $f_g({\vec p})$, we derive expressions for quark and gluon splitting functions in non-equilibrium QCD at leading order in $α_s$. We make a comparison of these splitting functions with that obtained by Altarelli and Parisi in vacuum.
description: QCD Evolution Time vs Non-Equilibrium Relaxation Time Added, 13 pages latex, Final Version to be Published in Phys. Part. Nucl. V.43, N6 (2012). arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:0808.1288