cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Geometry, Topology and Simplicial Synchronization
Creators: name: Millán, Ana Paula
name: Restrepo, Juan G.
name: Torres, Joaquín J.
name: Bianconi, Ginestra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Simplicial synchronization reveals the role that topology and geometry have in determining the dynamical properties of simplicial complexes. Simplicial network geometry and topology are naturally encoded in the spectral properties of the graph Laplacian and of the higher-order Laplacians of simplicial complexes. Here we show how the geometry of simplicial complexes induces spectral dimensions of the simplicial complex Laplacians that are responsible for changing the phase diagram of the Kuramoto model. In particular, simplicial complexes displaying a non-trivial simplicial network geometry cannot sustain a synchronized state in the infinite network limit if their spectral dimension is smaller or equal to four. This theoretical result is here verified on the Network Geometry with Flavor simplicial complex generative model displaying emergent hyperbolic geometry. On its turn simplicial topology is shown to determine the dynamical properties of the higher-order Kuramoto model. The higher-orderKuramoto model describes synchronization of topological signals, i.e. phases not only associated to the nodes of a simplicial complexes but associated also to higher-order simplices, including links, triangles and so on. This model displays discontinuous synchronization transitions when topological signals of different dimension and/or their solenoidal and irrotational projections are coupled in an adaptive way.
description: 32 pages, 10 figures
Towards Human-Interpretable Prototypes for Visual Assessment of Image Classification Models
Creators: name: Sinhamahapatra, Poulami
name: Heidemann, Lena
name: Monnet, Maureen
name: Roscher, Karsten
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2022
Subjects: interpretability
global explainability
classification
prototype-based learning
artificial intelligence
AI
trustworthy AI
safety-critical

description: Explaining black-box Artificial Intelligence (AI) models is a cornerstone for trustworthy AI and a prerequisite for its use in safety critical applications such that AI models can reliably assist humans in critical decisions. However, instead of trying to explain our models post-hoc, we need models which are interpretable-by-design built on a reasoning process similar to humans that exploits meaningful high-level concepts such as shapes, texture or object parts. Learning such concepts is often hindered by its need for explicit specification and annotation up front. Instead, prototype-based learning approaches such as ProtoPNet claim to discover visually meaningful prototypes in an unsupervised way. In this work, we propose a set of properties that those prototypes have to fulfill to enable human analysis, e.g. as part of a reliable model assessment case, and analyse such existing methods in the light of these properties. Given a 'Guess who?' game, we find that these prototypes still have a long way ahead towards definite explanations. We quantitatively validate our findings by conducting a user study indicating that many of the learnt prototypes are not considered useful towards human understanding. We discuss about the missing links in the existing methods and present a potential real-world application motivating the need to progress towards truly human-interpretable prototypes.
A philosophical point of view on the Theory of Anthropocene
Creators: name: Giannuzzi, Mariaenrica
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Torino
Year: 2016

description: This paper discusses how the model of a universal history which emerges in the current debate on the theory of Anthropocene, in particular in the field of evolutionary biology, risks ignoring differences in ways of economic production and consumption. A tendency for life sciences to gather concepts from the dominant neoliberal ideology has already been the focus of academic research (Cavazzini, 2013). In the Italian political debate, several scholars have criticized the neoliberal assumptions of the Anthropocene studies on the magazine effimera.org, since the scientific debate on this category has thus far focused on the quantitative perspective of a biodiversity crisis (Pievani, 2014) without any attention to political and social inequalities. For it does not analyze the conditions of environmental justice the quantitative method of universal ecology seems to produce a sense of catastrophe so diffused to be almost a symptom of an apocalyptic social disease (Baranzoni and Vignola, 2015).

Following the historical perspective of Fressoz and Bonneuil (2013) in this paper the theory of Anthropocene is considered as a theory of universal history. Referring to evidence of climate change, the two historians have developed an historical perspective that connects both the philosophy of history and the history of “nature”, inasmuch as the two disciplines set out to propose answers for the same questions: How can we imagine going beyond the modern paradigm of labor, since it seems to be no more environmentally sustainable? How can we explain the relationship between conscious human activity and its unconscious environmental consequence? Which constructs of global history describe the environmental crisis?
description: Visions for Sustainability, No 5 (2016)
Role of stochastic noise and generalization error in the time propagation of neural-network quantum states
Creators: name: Hofmann, Damian
name: Fabiani, Giammarco
name: Mentink, Johan H.
name: Carleo, Giuseppe
name: Sentef, Michael A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neural-network quantum states (NQS) have been shown to be a suitable variational ansatz to simulate out-of-equilibrium dynamics in two-dimensional systems using time-dependent variational Monte Carlo (t-VMC). In particular, stable and accurate time propagation over long time scales has been observed in the square-lattice Heisenberg model using the Restricted Boltzmann machine architecture. However, achieving similar performance in other systems has proven to be more challenging. In this article, we focus on the two-leg Heisenberg ladder driven out of equilibrium by a pulsed excitation as a benchmark system. We demonstrate that unmitigated noise is strongly amplified by the nonlinear equations of motion for the network parameters, which causes numerical instabilities in the time evolution. As a consequence, the achievable accuracy of the simulated dynamics is a result of the interplay between network expressiveness and measures required to remedy these instabilities. We show that stability can be greatly improved by appropriate choice of regularization. This is particularly useful as tuning of the regularization typically imposes no additional computational cost. Inspired by machine learning practice, we propose a validation-set based diagnostic tool to help determining optimal regularization hyperparameters for t-VMC based propagation schemes. For our benchmark, we show that stable and accurate time propagation can be achieved in regimes of sufficiently regularized variational dynamics.
description: 27 pages, 13 figures
La conversión del soft law de la OCDE en hard law en Colombia, especial referencia a los convenios para evitar la doble imposición suscritos por Colombia con Francia y Reino Unido
Creators: name: Girón Uribe, Paula Andrea
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Derecho fiscal - Legislación
subject: Sentencias - Colombia
subject: Derecho y economía
subject: Toma de decisiones
subject: OCDE
subject: Reflexiones soft law- hard law
subject: Convención de Viena

description: El proceso de globalización del que tanto se habla desde inicios del siglo XX conllevó la creación de Organismos internacionales que de cierta manera proponen homogenizar prácticas al interior de los países, con el fin de lograr unos objetivos comunes dirigidos al bienestar de las personas y el desarrollo económico y social; dentro de estos organismos se encuentra la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico OCDE, creada en 1961, cuyo objetivo es promover políticas que mejoren el bienestar económico y social de las personas alrededor del mundo. El antecedente directo de la hoy llamada Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico es la Organización Europea de Cooperación Económica (OECE), que surgió en la posguerra en 1948, conformada por un conjunto de países de Europa Occidental que se encargaron de gestionar el Plan Marshall, así como facilitar el comercio, conceder créditos y fomentar la liberalización del capital. (Vega García, 2014, p. 147) Este organismo internacional cobra especial relevancia para Colombia, cuando en el año 2011 el gobierno colombiano manifiesta su intención de ser miembro de la OCDE, lo que implica una adecuación en las políticas internas del país y en la normatividad interna en consonancia con las directrices y recomendaciones establecidas por la OCDE para sus miembros.
The authoritarian approach of megaprojects versus democracy: the International People’s Court defends the right of participation
Creators: name: Algostino, Alessandra
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Torino
Year: 2016

description: This paper consists of a reflection on the current model used to conduct infrastructural Megaproject, which is recurrently applied at global level and, in the name of economic interests that are private, although pretended as general, clashes with the horizon proper of Democracy. The key elements of this model deal with the defence of fundamental rights in the design and construction of Megaprojects and they are reconstructed analysing the sentence of the Permanent People’s Tribunal (PPT), issued on November 2015, about the appeal promoted by the popular movement opposing the construction of a high–speed rail in Valsusa (Piedmont – Italy). Two outlines emerge in particular: the denial of public spaces for participation and the criminalization of protest.
description: Visions for Sustainability, No 5 (2016)
La incidencia de la matemática crítica en el paso del lenguaje aritmético al lenguaje algebraico en los procesos de formalización
Creators: name: Vega Dávila, Hamiz Jussef
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Álgebra - Enseñanza - Bogotá (Colombia)
subject: Aritmética -- Enseñanza - Bogotá (Colombia)
subject: Matemáticas - Ensenñanza - Bogotá (Colombia)
subject: Educación - Tesis y disertaciones académicas
subject: ODS 4: Educación de calidad. Garantizar una educación inclusiva y equitativa de calidad y promover oportunidades de aprendizaje permanente para todos
subject: Educación matemática crítica
subject: Aritmética
subject: Álgebra
subject: Lenguaje Matemático
subject: Conocer reflexivo

description: La presente investigación hace un análisis sobre la incidencia de la matemática crítica en el paso del lenguaje aritmético al lenguaje algebraico en los procesos de formalización que se presentan en el aula. Evidenciándose así en dos categorías de análisis: Lenguaje Matemático (Natural y Formal) y Educación Matemática (Matemática Crítica). Estas categorías de análisis logro que los participantes desarrollaran diferentes niveles de interpretación de la variable como mediador entre la enseñanza - aprendizaje en los procesos de formalización de la aritmética al álgebra usando como enfoque principal la educación matemática crítica. La investigación parte básicamente de la necesidad de mejorar los procesos matemáticos en el álgebra escolar, con estudiantes de educación media del Colegio Franciscano del Virrey Solís, Sede Bogotá, apoyándose en una propuesta diferente de la tradicional, en donde a su vez se pudiera desarrollar actitudes propias de los seres humanos y que la construcción del conocimiento fueran establecido por lo reflexivo, colectivo y lo dialógico, con miras a la construcción de ciudadanos matemáticamente integrales en su quehacer educativo y social.
description: This research analyzes the impact of critical mathematics on the transition from arithmetic language to algebraic language in the formalization processes that occur in the classroom. This is evidenced in two categories of analysis: Mathematical Language (Natural and Formal) and Mathematics Education (Critical Mathematics). These categories of analysis enabled the participants to develop different levels of interpretation of the variable as a mediator between teaching and learning in the processes of formalizing arithmetic to algebra, using critical mathematics education as the main focus. The research is fundamentally based on the need to improve mathematical processes in school algebra, with high school students from the Franciscano del Virrey Solís School, Bogotá, relying on a different proposal from the traditional approach. This approach aims to develop attitudes inherent to human beings and establish knowledge construction through reflection, collective engagement, and dialogue, with a view toward creating mathematically well-rounded citizens in their educational and social activities.
Spectral decimation of a self-similar version of almost Mathieu-type operators
Creators: name: Mograby, Gamal
name: Balu, Radhakrishnan
name: Okoudjou, Kasso A.
name: Teplyaev, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81Q35, 81Q10, 47B93, 47N50, 47A10

description: We introduce self-similar versions of the one-dimensional almost Mathieu operators. Our definition is based on a class of self-similar Laplacians instead of the standard discrete Laplacian, and includes the classical almost Mathieu operators as a particular case. Our main result establishes that the spectra of these self-similar almost Mathieu operators can be completely described by the spectra of the corresponding self-similar Laplacians through the spectral decimation framework used in the context of spectral analysis on fractals. In addition, the self-similar structure of our model provides a natural finite graph approximation model. This approximation is not only helpful in executing the numerical simulation, but is also useful in finding the spectral decimation function via Schur complement computations of given finite-dimensional matrices. The self-similar Laplacians used in our model were considered recently by Chen and Teplyaev who proved the emergence of singularly continuous spectra for specific parameters. We use this result to arrive at similar conclusions in the context of the self-similar almost Mathieu operators. Finally, we derive an explicit formula of the integrated density of states of the self-similar almost Mathieu operators as the weighted pre-images of the balanced invariant measure on a specific Julia set.
The laws of nature and the nature of law
Creators: name: Ferrara, Enzo
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Torino
Year: 2016

description: Book Review: The Ecology of Law. Toward a Legal System in Tune with Nature and Community, by Fritjof Capra, and Ugo Mattei, Berrett-Koheler Publishers, Oakland (CA) 2015
description: Visions for Sustainability, No 5 (2016)
Electroweak Dark Matter
Creators: name: Amintaheri, Ramtin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the absence of any hints of new physics in LHC, TeV dark matter candidates interacting through electroweak force (EWDM) are still highly motivated. We extend the Standard Model by adding an arbitrary SU(2) DM multiplet in non-chiral representation. In addition to the well-known real representation which has no coupling to the nuclei at tree level, the complex representation can lead to a new DM candidate providing that one includes a higher dimensional mass-splitting operator, which survives the current direct detection bounds. Since the masses of gauge mediators are light compared to the dark particles, Sommerfeld effect is dominant and affects the value of annihilation cross-section in both the early universe and current time. We computed the relic abundance through freeze-out mechanism in order to determine DM mass. Gamma ray fluxes in our galaxy and dwarf satellites provide a promising tool to probe EWDM theory. We confronted the four fermionic representations of the model with the latest astrophysical observations. It can be concluded that the model passes the current experimental constraints successfully, and it is accessible to future observations.
description: Typos corrected, appendices and figure 1 added
The control of particles in the Stokes limit
Creators: name: Walker, Benjamin J.
name: Ishimoto, Kenta
name: Gaffney, Eamonn A.
name: Moreau, Clément
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: There are numerous ways to control objects in the Stokes regime, with microscale examples ranging from the use of optical tweezers to the application of external magnetic fields. In contrast, there are relatively few explorations of theoretical controllability, which investigate whether or not refined and precise control is indeed possible in a given system. In this work, seeking to highlight the utility and broad applicability of such rigorous analysis, we recount and illustrate key concepts of geometric control theory in the context of multiple particles in Stokesian fluids interacting with each other, such that they may be readily and widely applied in this largely unexplored fluid-dynamical setting. Motivated both by experimental and abstract questions of control, we exemplify these techniques by explicit and detailed application to multiple problems concerning the control of particles, such as the motion of tracers in flow and the guidance of one sphere by another. Further, we showcase how this analysis of controllability can directly lead to the construction of schemes for control, in addition to facilitating explorations of mechanical efficiency and contributing to our overall understanding of non-local hydrodynamic interactions in the Stokes limit.
description: 30 pages, 9 figures
Knowledge and competence. Key concepts in an educational paradigm for a sustainable society.
Creators: name: Dodman, Martin
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Torino
Year: 2016

description: This paper examines two key concepts in educational paradigms - knowledge and competence - from the perspective of their importance for a sustainable society. It is argued that knowledge should not be considered as something existing that is to be acquired, but rather as part of a knowledge-building process that poses questions regarding why we build knowledge and what kind of knowledge we build, as well as how we build it and how we use it. Knowledge building is also considered a type of competence in an endeavour to go beyond current models that tend to see competence as merely the application of knowledge and fail to do justice to the role of both in promoting sustainability.
description: Visions for Sustainability, No 5 (2016)
El derecho de imagen en Colombia
Creators: name: Abello Monsalvo, Felipe
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Gobierno representativo - Estudios de caso
subject: Derechos de autor - Legislación
subject: Derechos humanos - Aspectos jurídicos
subject: Consumidores
subject: Comercialización de productos
subject: Economía
subject: Derecho de propiedad
subject: Rigth of publicity

description: El presente estudio se centra en el derecho de imagen en Colombia, especialmente en el enfoque patrimonial de la utilización del mismo, es decir, en el uso de la identidad de las personas con fines comerciales. Desde la Roma Antigua existe una estrecha relación entre la imagen y el derecho a su reproducción. El ius imaginum era el derecho o privilegio que tenían los patricios de exponer el imago en caretas de cera con el rostro de sus antepasados fallecidos, en el atrio de sus casas. Posteriormente, con las expresiones de arte, el dibujo y la invención de la fotografía se hizo posible el uso de la imagen de una persona para fines publicitarios. Desde entonces, gran parte de la publicidad, el mercadeo y la comercialización de miles de productos y servicios se ha basado en la utilización de la identidad de ciertas personas que, dada su reputación y fama, atraen la atención del público e incluso influyen en la decisión de compra y adquisición de los consumidores. Debido a esta creciente tendencia, las personas —especialmente las famosas— encontraron en su imagen, nombre y otros aspectos un valor económico potencial que podía ser explotado comercialmente. En efecto, se presentó la necesidad de generar una acción que les permitiera impedir a otros el uso de su imagen sin su autorización.
Spatiotemporal dynamics of biocrust and vegetation on sand dunes
Creators: name: Yizhaq, Hezi
name: Ashkenazy, Yosef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a model to study the spatiotemporal dynamics of biocrust and vegetation cover on sand dunes. The model consists of two coupled partial nonlinear differential equations and includes diffusion and advection terms for modeling the dispersal of vegetation and biocrust and the effect of wind on them. In the absence of spatial variability, the model exhibits self-sustained relaxation oscillations and regimes of bistability--the first state is dominated by biocrust and the second by vegetation. We concentrate on the one-dimensional dynamics of the model and show that the front that connects these two states propagates mainly due to the wind advection. In the oscillatory regime, the front propagation is complex. For low wind DP (drift potential) values, a series of spatially oscillatory domains develops as the front advances downwind. These domains form due to the oscillations of the spatially homogeneous states away from the front. However, for higher DP values, the dynamics is much more complex, becoming very sensitive to the initial conditions and exhibiting an irregular spatial pattern as small domains are created and annihilated during the front advance. Such irregular dynamics can be associated with the temporal variations of dune cover. In addition, similar behavior can be generated by other models that exhibit temporal oscillations and bistability.
description: 20 pages, 11 figures
Ingeborg Huhn: Johann Gottfried Wetzstein. Orientalist und preußischer Konsul im osmanischen Syrien (1849-1861)
Creators: name: Winnerling, Tobias
Publisher: name: Ruhr-Universität Bochum
Year: 2016

description: This contribution offers a review of:

Ingeborg Huhn: Johann Gottfried Wetzstein. Orientalist und preußischer Konsul im osmanischen Syrien (1849-1861).

Islamkundliche Untersuchungen 329. Berlin: Klaus Schwarz Verlag, 2016.
396 pages, €54.00, ISBN: 9783879974528 (paperback)
description: Entangled Religions, Vol 3 (2016)
Extrinsic localized excitons in patterned 2D semiconductors
Creators: name: Yagodkin, D
name: Greben, K
name: Eljarrat, A
name: Kovalchuk, S
name: Ghorbani-Asl, M
name: Jain, M
name: Kretschmer, S
name: Severin, N
name: Rabe, J P
name: Krasheninnikov, A V
name: Koch, C T
name: Bolotin, K I
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a new localized excitonic state in patterned monolayer 2D semiconductors. This state is not associated with lattice disorder but is extrinsic, i.e. results from external molecules on the material surface. The signature of an exciton associated with that state is observed in the photoluminescence spectrum after electron beam exposure of several 2D semiconductors. The localized state, which is distinguished by non-linear power dependence, survives up to room temperature and is patternable down to 20 nm resolution. We probe the response of the new exciton to the changes of electron energy, nanomechanical cleaning, and encapsulation via multiple microscopic, spectroscopic, and computational techniques. All these approaches suggest that the state does not originate from irradiation-induced structural defects or spatially non-uniform strain, as commonly assumed. Instead, we show that it is extrinsic, likely a charge transfer exciton associated with the organic substance deposited onto the 2D semiconductor. By demonstrating that structural defects are not required for the formation of localized excitons, our work opens new possibilities for further understanding of these states and using them for example in chemical sensing and quantum technologies.
Evergreening y design arround como figuras del patentamiento estratégico
Creators: name: Correa Márquez, María Camila
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Operaciones militares - Estudios de caso
subject: Patentes de invención - Legislación
subject: Política pública - Aspectos jurídicos
subject: Innovación Incremental
subject: Patente
subject: Polimorfos
subject: Infracción por Equivalencia

description: “La palabra “estrategia” del latín strategĭa proviene a su vez de los términos griegos stratos que significa ejército y agein que significa conductor o guía. Por lo tanto, el significado primario de estrategia es el arte de dirigir las operaciones militares.” La expresión estrategia, entendida en su significado primario como el arte de dirigir las operaciones militares o el arte de la guerra, se ocupa de estudiar y definir aquellos movimientos previamente analizados cuya disposición será indispensable y asegurará la capacidad combatiba de los ejercitos. De acuerdo con el Diccionario de la Real Academia Española, por estrategia también debe entenderse el “arte, traza para dirigir un asunto” o como en un “proceso regulable, el conjunto de las reglas que aseguran una decisión óptima en cada momento” El punto de partida del presente ensayo se ubica precisamente en el alcance e importancia del concepto estrategia, en la medida que el patentamiento estratégico deba ser entendido como el arte de patentar, analizar y proteger todos y cada uno de los pasos de un desarrollo, con el fin último de impedir que los competidores entren a un mercado, posibilitando así que los procesos de I+D+i no solo permitan recuperar las inversiones de los emprendedores, sino que además les sean rentables. El patentamiento estratégico se define como aquella figura por medio de la cual “los titulares extienden el alcance de protección de sus patentes más allá del derecho de exclusividad que conllevan por naturaleza, buscando maximizar la utilidad que se deriva de ellas”
Effect of pressure on thermalization of one-dimensional nonlinear chains
Creators: name: Fu, Weicheng
name: Zhang, Yong
name: Zhao, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pressure plays a vital role in changing the transport properties of matter. To understand this phenomenon at a microscopic level, we here focus on a more fundamental problem, i.e., how pressure affects the thermalization properties of solids. As illustrating examples, we study the thermalization behavior of the monatomic chain and the mass-disordered chain of Fermi-Pasta-Ulam-Tsingou-$β$ under different strains in the thermodynamic limit. It is found that the pressure-induced change in nonintegrability results in qualitatively different thermalization processes for the two kinds of chains. However, for both cases, the thermalization time follows the same law -- it is inversely proportional to the square of the nonintegrability strength. This result suggests that pressure can significantly change the integrability of a system, which provides a new perspective for understanding the pressure-dependent thermal transport behavior.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Steady state of the KPZ equation on an interval and Liouville quantum mechanics
Creators: name: Barraquand, Guillaume
name: Doussal, Pierre Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We obtain a simple formula for the stationary measure of the height field evolving according to the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation on the interval $[0,L]$ with general Neumann type boundary conditions and any interval size. This is achieved using the recent results of Corwin and Knizel (arXiv:2103.12253) together with Liouville quantum mechanics. Our formula allows to easily determine the stationary measure in various limits: KPZ fixed point on an interval, half-line KPZ equation, KPZ fixed point on a half-line, as well as the Edwards-Wilkinson equation on an interval.
description: Letter + supplementary material. v4: typos corrected, final version
Waveguide coupled III-V photodiodes monolithically integrated on Si
Creators: name: Wen, Pengyan
name: Tiwari, Preksha
name: Mauthe, Svenja
name: Schmid, Heinz
name: Sousa, Marilyne
name: Scherrer, Markus
name: Baumann, Michael
name: Bitachon, Bertold Ian
name: Leuthold, Juerg
name: Gotsmann, Bernd
name: Moselund, Kirsten E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The seamless integration of III-V nanostructures on silicon is a long-standing goal and an important step towards integrated optical links. In the present work, we demonstrate scaled and waveguide coupled III-V photodiodes monolithically integrated on Si, implemented as InP/In0.5Ga0.5As/InP p-i-n structure. The waveguide coupled devices show a dark current down to 0.048 A/cm2 at -1 V and a responsivity up to 0.2 A/W at -2 V. Using grating couplers centered around 1320 nm, we observed a cutoff frequency f3dB exceeding 70 GHz and data reception at 50 GBd with OOK and 4PAM. When operated in forward bias as light emitting diode, the devices emit light centered at 1550 nm. Furthermore, we also investigate the self-heating of the devices using scanning thermal microscopy and find a temperature increase of only ~15 K during the device operation as emitter, in accordance with thermal simulation results.
Régimen de responsabilidad de las sociedades comisionistas de bolsa. Aplicación del régimen en los eventos de suplantación de comitentes en el mercado de valores
Creators: name: Hurtado Jumah, Paula Andrea
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Bolsa de valores - Aspectos jurídicos
subject: Gestión financiera - Legislación
subject: Actos - Derecho
subject: Mercado de valores
subject: Comisionista de bolsa
subject: Contrato de comisión
subject: Funciones jurisdiccionales

description: La presente investigación tiene como propósito, en primer lugar, aclarar conceptualmente la diferencia entre la responsabilidad objetiva y subjetiva y la teoría del riesgo creado, así como los efectos que de ello se desprende. Con base en ello lograr identificar el régimen de responsabilidad aplicable a las sociedades comisionistas de bolsa, y determinar si es un régimen objetivo, o se aplica la teoría del riesgo creado o riesgo provecho, o si el aplicable es un régimen subjetivo de culpa presunta o culpa probada, esto, con el objetivo de establecer su alcance y la manera en la cual se deberá establecer la responsabilidad de las mencionadas entidades en eventuales litigios que se diriman ante los jueces. Así mismo determinar el alcance de la mencionada responsabilidad en los eventos de fraude realizado por un tercero ajeno al contrato de comisión, es decir, cuando se da la suplantación de identidad del comitente. Así, en virtud de un contrato de comisión se busca establecer los eventos en los cuáles se hace exigible la responsabilidad de una sociedad comisionista de bolsa y en especial cuando los daños causados a los comitentes surgen como consecuencia de un fraude realizado por un tercero que suplanta su identidad. El interés en ahondar sobre esta materia se desprende de la realidad que se presenta en los fallos jurisprudenciales que involucran decisiones sobre el régimen de responsabilidad de las entidades financieras y del mercado de valores, en especial aquellos fallos provenientes de la Delegatura de funciones jurisdiccionales de la Superintendencia Financiera de Colombia. Si bien son pocos los que existen en relación con el punto específico de este trabajo – la responsabilidad de las comisionistas de bolsa - dichos fallos han logrado enmarcar un régimen general para las entidades vigiladas y supervisadas por dicha institución. En este orden, la línea jurisprudencial enunciada representa un excesivo proteccionismo a los consumidores financieros, que en ocasiones desconoce los regímenes de responsabilidad aplicables a las sociedades que se dedican a las labores señaladas en el artículo 335 de la Constitución Política de Colombia, es decir, el ejercicio de la actividad financiera, bursátil y aseguradora.
Connectivity constrains quantum codes
Creators: name: Baspin, Nouédyn
name: Krishna, Anirudh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Quantum low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes are an important class of quantum error correcting codes. In such codes, each qubit only affects a constant number of syndrome bits, and each syndrome bit only relies on some constant number of qubits. Constructing quantum LDPC codes is challenging. It is an open problem to understand if there exist good quantum LDPC codes, i.e. with constant rate and relative distance. Furthermore, techniques to perform fault-tolerant gates are poorly understood. We present a unified way to address these problems. Our main results are a) a bound on the distance, b) a bound on the code dimension and c) limitations on certain fault-tolerant gates that can be applied to quantum LDPC codes. All three of these bounds are cast as a function of the graph separator of the connectivity graph representation of the quantum code. We find that unless the connectivity graph contains an expander, the code is severely limited. This implies a necessary, but not sufficient, condition to construct good codes. This is the first bound that studies the limitations of quantum LDPC codes that does not rely on locality. As an application, we present novel bounds on quantum LDPC codes associated with local graphs in $D$-dimensional hyperbolic space.
Supplementary document for Batch-based alternating direction methods of multipliers for Fourier Ptychography - 6013310.pdf
Creators: name: Yang, Li
name: Liu, Zhifang
name: Zheng, Guoan
name: Chang, Huibin
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: THE DERIVATION OF BADMM
Notes on flat fronts in hyperbolic space
Creators: name: Dubois, Juliette
name: Hertrich-Jeromin, Udo
name: Szewieczek, Gudrun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C42, 53A10, 53A70, 37K25, 37K35

description: We give a short introduction to discrete flat fronts in hyperbolic space and prove that any discrete flat front in the mixed area sense admits a Weierstrass representation.
description: plain TeX, 8 pages
Orbiculobates bicornutus Ermilov 2023
Creators: name: Revelo-Tobar, Harol
name: Ojeda, Margarita
name: García-Ayala, Leonardo J.
name: Palacios-Vargas, José G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Sarcoptiformes
Plasmobatidae
Orbiculobates
Orbiculobates bicornutus

description: Orbiculobates bicornutus Ermilov, 2023
 Distribution: Mexico.
 Records in Mexico: Quintana Roo.
 Biogeographic province: Yucatan Peninsula.
 Habitat: Leaf litter in secondary semi-evergreen tropical forest.
 References: Ermilov (2023): 393–402; Ermilov & Yurtaev (2023b): 387.
description: Published as part of Revelo-Tobar, Harol, Ojeda, Margarita, García-Ayala, Leonardo J. & Palacios-Vargas, José G., 2024, Checklist Of Oribatid Mites (Acari: Oribatida) From Mexico, pp. 1-178 in Zootaxa 5465 (1) on pages 57-58, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5465.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/11613709
Best Practices for Data Publication in the Astronomical Literature
Creators: name: Chen, Tracy X.
name: Schmitz, Marion
name: Mazzarella, Joseph M.
name: Wu, Xiuqin
name: van Eyken, Julian C.
name: Accomazzi, Alberto
name: Akeson, Rachel L.
name: Allen, Mark
name: Beaton, Rachael
name: Berriman, G. Bruce
name: Boyle, Andrew W.
name: Brouty, Marianne
name: Chan, Ben
name: Christiansen, Jessie L.
name: Ciardi, David R.
name: Cook, David
name: D'Abrusco, Raffaele
name: Ebert, Rick
name: Frayer, Cren
name: Fulton, Benjamin J.
name: Gelino, Christopher
name: Helou, George
name: Henderson, Calen B.
name: Howell, Justin
name: Kim, Joyce
name: Landais, Gilles
name: Lo, Tak
name: Loup, Cecile
name: Madore, Barry
name: Monari, Giacomo
name: Muench, August
name: Oberto, Anais
name: Ocvirk, Pierre
name: Peek, Joshua E. G.
name: Perret, Emmanuelle
name: Pevunova, Olga
name: Ramirez, Solange V.
name: Rebull, Luisa
name: Shemmer, Ohad
name: Smale, Alan
name: Tam, Raymond
name: Terek, Scott
name: Van Orsow, Doug
name: Vannier, Patricia
name: Wang, Shin-Ywan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an overview of best practices for publishing data in astronomy and astrophysics journals. These recommendations are intended as a reference for authors to help prepare and publish data in a way that will better represent and support science results, enable better data sharing, improve reproducibility, and enhance the reusability of data. Observance of these guidelines will also help to streamline the extraction, preservation, integration and cross-linking of valuable data from astrophysics literature into major astronomical databases, and consequently facilitate new modes of science discovery that will better exploit the vast quantities of panchromatic and multi-dimensional data associated with the literature. We encourage authors, journal editors, referees, and publishers to implement the best practices reviewed here, as well as related recommendations from international astronomical organizations such as the International Astronomical Union (IAU) for publication of nomenclature, data, and metadata. A convenient Checklist of Recommendations for Publishing Data in the Literature is included for authors to consult before the submission of the final version of their journal articles and associated data files. We recommend that publishers of journals in astronomy and astrophysics incorporate a link to this document in their Instructions to Authors.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure, 3 tables, accepted for publication in ApJS
title: Effect of pretreatment on pecan nut germination and rootstock production
Creators: name: Lolletti, Daniele
name: Ciccoritti, Roberto
name: Raparelli, Elisabetta
Publisher: name: KOBRA Universität Kassel
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Carya illinoinensis
subject: Dormancy removal
subject: Germination
subject: Growth rate
subject: Seed treatment
subject: Stratification
classificationCode: 630
subject: 630
classificationCode: Pekannussbaum
subject: Pekannussbaum
classificationCode: Saatgutbehandlung
subject: Saatgutbehandlung
classificationCode: Keimung
subject: Keimung
classificationCode: Wachstumsrate
subject: Wachstumsrate

description:
Pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch] is a deciduous tree of the Juglandaceae family, native to temperate regions and growing wild in North America. In Italy, pecan trees are cultivated mainly in the southern regions, where the climatic conditions are optimal for their development. However, the area under cultivation is limited and most of the nuts are imported from the USA and Mexico. A major limiting factor for Italian pecan cultivation is the scarcity of rootstocks suitable for local pedoclimatic conditions. To evaluate the effect of stratification on the germination of pecan seeds to obtain rootstocks, seeds of 5 different cultivars were stratified and compared with those not stratified. The results indicated significant differences in nut germination related to stratification treatment and cultivar. In general, stratification process reduced the germination time from on average 50.4 days for untreated seeds to 12.6 days for treated seeds. The Wichita cultivar exhibited the highest germination rate under stratification whereas the lowest values were observed in non-stratified Cape Fare seeds. On average, better seedling development was observed in the first 6 weeks with stratification, while non-stratified nuts showed better seedling development between week 7 and 11. Shawnee and Wichita cultivars particularly benefited from the treatments, showing superior growth metrics values (35.0±7.9 and 34.9±7.8 cm height; 0.5±0.8 and 0.5±0.6 cm diameter, respectively). Cold stratification produced uniform and robust plants, providing nurseries with quality grafting material. Seeds stored at room temperature for two seasons completely lost their viability, rendering them unusable.
The Third Order Scalar Induced Gravitational Waves
Creators: name: Zhou, Jing-Zhi
name: Zhang, Xukun
name: Zhu, Qing-Hua
name: Chang, Zhe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the gravitational waves were detected by LIGO and Virgo, it has been promising that lots of information about the primordial Universe could be learned by further observations on stochastic gravitational waves background. The studies on gravitational waves induced by primordial curvature perturbations are of great interest. The aim of this paper is to investigate the third order induced gravitational waves. Based on the theory of cosmological perturbations, the first order scalar induces the second order scalar, vector and tensor perturbations. At the next iteration, the first order scalar, the second order scalar, vector and tensor perturbations all induce the third order tensor perturbations. We present the energy density spectrum of the third order gravitational waves for a monochromatic primordial power spectrum. The shape of the energy density spectrum of the third order gravitational waves is different from that of the second order scalar induced gravitational waves. And it is found that the third order gravitational waves sourced by the second order scalar perturbations dominate the energy density spectrum.
description: 33 pages, 4 figures
Probing heavy charged fermions at $e^+e^-$ collider using the Optimal Observable Technique
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Subhaditya
name: Jahedi, Sahabub
name: Wudka, Jose
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we study the production of color-neutral and singly-charged heavy leptons at the proposed International Linear Collider. We use the optimal observable technique to determine the statistical accuracy to which the coupling of such fermions to the $Z$ gauge boson (vector, axial or chiral) can be measured. We also consider a UV-complete model that contains these particles as well as a dark matter candidate, and consider some observable effects involving both; the correspondence to chargino production in supersymmetric models with heavy sleptons is briefly discussed.
description: Derivation of covariance matrix added, dark matter allowed parameter space added, error on significance estimated; Version accepted in JHEP
Nonintegrability of nearly integrable dynamical systems near resonant periodic orbits
Creators: name: Yagasaki, Kazuyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37J30, 34E10, 34M15, 34M35

description: In a recent paper by the author (K. Yagasaki, Nonintegrability of the restricted three-body problem, submitted for publication), a technique was developed for determining whether nearly integrable systems are not meromorphically Bogoyavlenskij-integrable such that the first integrals and commutative vector fields also depend meromorphically on the small parameter. Here we continue to demonstrate the technique for some classes of dynamical systems. In particular, we consider time-periodic perturbations of single-degree-of-freedom Hamiltonian systems and discuss a relationship of the technique with the subharmonic Melnikov method, which enables us to detect the existence of periodic orbits and their stability. We illustrate the theory for the periodically forced Duffing oscillator and two more additional examples: second-order coupled oscillators and a two-dimensional system of pendulum-type subjected to a constant torque.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2106.04925
A Reputation Game Simulation: Emergent Social Phenomena from Information Theory
Creators: name: Enßlin, Torsten
name: Kainz, Viktoria
name: Bœhm, Céline
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reputation is a central element of social communications, be it with human or artificial intelligence (AI), and as such can be the primary target of malicious communication strategies. There is already a vast amount of literature on trust networks addressing this issue and proposing ways to simulate these networks dynamics using Bayesian principles and involving Theory of Mind models. The main issue for these simulations is usually the amount of information that can be stored and is usually solved by discretising variables and using hard thresholds. Here we propose a novel approach to the way information is updated that accounts for knowledge uncertainty and is closer to reality. In our game, agents use information compression techniques to capture their complex environment and store it in their finite memories. The loss of information that results from this leads to emergent phenomena, such as echo chambers, self-deception, deception symbiosis, and freezing of group opinions. Various malicious strategies of agents are studied for their impact on group sociology, like sycophancy, egocentricity, pathological lying, and aggressiveness. Even though our modeling could be made more complex, our set-up can already provide insights into social interactions and can be used to investigate the effects of various communication strategies and find ways to counteract malicious ones. Eventually this work should help to safeguard the design of non-abusive AI systems.
description: 36 pages main part + 17 pages appendix, 28 figures, 3 tables, latex glitches fixed, revised and resubmitted