cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dark Quark Nuggets
Creators: name: Bai, Yang
name: Long, Andrew J.
name: Lu, Sida
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: "Dark quark nuggets", a lump of dark quark matter, can be produced in the early universe for a wide range of confining gauge theories and serve as a macroscopic dark matter candidate. The two necessary conditions, a nonzero dark baryon number asymmetry and a first-order phase transition, can be easily satisfied for many asymmetric dark matter models and QCD-like gauge theories with a few massless flavors. For confinement scales from 10 keV to 100 TeV, these dark quark nuggets with a huge dark baryon number have their masses vary from $10^{23}~\mathrm{g}$ to $10^{-7}~\mathrm{g}$ and their radii from $10^{8}~\mathrm{cm}$ to $10^{-15}~\mathrm{cm}$. Such macroscopic dark matter candidates can be searched for by a broad scope of experiments and even new detection strategies. Specifically, we have found that the gravitational microlensing experiments can probe heavier dark quark nuggets or smaller confinement scales around 10 keV; collision of dark quark nuggets can generate detectable and transient electromagnetic radiation signals; the stochastic gravitational wave signals from the first order phase transition can be probed by the pulsar timing array observations and other space-based interferometry experiments; the approximately massless dark mesons can behave as dark radiation to be tested by the next-generation CMB experiments; the free dark baryons, as a subcomponent of dark matter, can have direct detection signals for a sufficiently strong interaction strength with the visible sector.
description: 39+14 pages, 12 figures, updated to match the published version on journal
Comment on "Radiative decays, nonet symmetry and SU(3) breaking" by M. Benayoun et al
Creators: name: Achasov, N. N.
name: Gubin, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We comment on the paper by Benayoun, DelBuono, Eidelman, Ivanchenko, and O'Connell [Phys. Rev. {\bf D 59}, 114027 (1999)]. We show that the decay $ϕ\toπ^0γ$ is absent in model of the nonet symmetry and SU(3) breaking suggested by authors.
description: the version published in Phys.Rev.D 62, 058501 (2000)
title: Olson
Creators: name: Olson, Sara R.
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2010

description: Domestic violence is a pervasive problem throughout society and has been in existence since the beginning of interpersonal relationships. There have been changes in how the academic community, law enforcement, and the general public respond to this problem in the last thirty years. Punishments have become more punitive and mandatory arrest policies have been instituted. Mandatory arrest for domestic violence batterers has increased the number of batterers that are involved with the criminal justice system. In response to this increase, diversion to batterer treatment and other community based programs has taken the place of jail time for many offenders. This thesis explores the relationship between the stake in conformity of individuals in the Hampton-Newport News Community Corrections Department and recidivism. It attempts to determine whether or not stake in conformity positively or negatively affects the chances of recidivism.

A sample of 119 probationers was taken from the records of Hampton-Newport-News Community Corrections Department for the fiscal year 2004. These probationers were remanded to community corrections after having been arrested for misdemeanor assault against a family or household member. Each offender was required to attend either a batterer intervention program or another community program. Stake in conformity factors were analyzed in relation to recidivism data to determine if a relationship existed using both T-tests of means and binary logistic regression.

Age, education, and prior domestic violence charges were all shown to be significant predictors of re-arrest. Prior domestic violence charges had the most significant effect and overshadowed all other effects. Results indicate the need for a larger sample and generalizability is limited but this thesis does show a need for more research on the effects of stakes in conformity, batterer intervention programs, and recidivism.
Determining the stiffness of the equation of state using low T/W dynamical instabilities in differentially rotating stars
Creators: name: Saijo, Motoyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the nature of low T/W dynamical instabilities in various ranges of the stiffness of the equation of state in differentially rotating stars. Here T is the rotational kinetic energy, while W the gravitational binding energy. We analyze these instabilities in both a linear perturbation analysis and a three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulation. An unstable normal mode of a differentially rotating star is detected by solving an eigenvalue problem along the equatorial plane of the star. The physical mechanism of low T/W dynamical instabilities is also qualitatively confirmed by a scattering of sound waves between corotation and the surface caused by the corotation barrier. Therefore, we can draw a picture of existing pulsation modes unstabilized due to an amplified reflection of sound waves from the corotation barrier. The feature in the eigenfrequency and eigenfunction of the unstable mode in the linear analysis roughly agrees with that in the three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulation in Newtonian gravity. Moreover, the nature of the eigenfunction that oscillates between corotation and the surface for an unstable star requires reinterpretation of pulsation modes in differentially rotating stars. Finally, we propose a manner by which to constrain the stiffness of the equation of state by the direct detection of mode decomposed gravitational waveforms.
description: 21 pages with 16 figures, revtex4-1.cls. Accepted for publication in the Physical Review D
MOESM5 of Integration of DNA methylation patterns and genetic variation in human pediatric tissues help inform EWAS design and interpretation
Creators: name: Sumaiya Islam
name: Goodman, Sarah
name: MacIsaac, Julia
name: ObradoviÄ, Jelena
name: Barr, Ronald
name: W. Boyce
name: Kobor, Michael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 5: Fig. S8. Stacked bar plot representing overlap of identified informative sites in BEC-specific, PBMC-specific and shared-tissue validated cis-mQTL.
Conservation-laws-preserving algorithms for spin dynamics simulations
Creators: name: Omelyan, I. P.
name: Mryglod, I. M.
name: Folk, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose new algorithms for numerical integration of the equations of motion for classical spin systems with fixed spatial site positions. The algorithms are derived on the basis of a mid-point scheme in conjunction with the multiple time staging propagation. Contrary to existing predictor-corrector and decomposition approaches, the algorithms introduced preserve all the integrals of motion inherent in the basic equations. As is demonstrated for a lattice ferromagnet model, the present approach appears to be more efficient even over the recently developed decomposition method.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures
MOESM1 of Driving pressure during proportional assist ventilation: an observational study
Creators: name: Vaporidi, Katerina
name: Psarologakis, Charalambos
name: Proklou, Athanasia
name: Pediaditis, Emmanouil
name: Akoumianaki, Evangelia
name: Koutsiana, Elisavet
name: Chytas, Achilleas
name: Chouvarda, Ioanna
name: Eumorfia Kondili
name: Georgopoulos, Dimitris
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 1. Methods.
Maturation of the Hepatitis A Virus Capsid Protein VP1 Is Not Dependent on Processing by the 3Cpro Proteinase
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: Most details of the processing of the hepatitis A virus (HAV) polyprotein are known. Unique among members of the family Picornaviridae, the primary cleavage of the HAV polyprotein is mediated by 3Cpro, the only proteinase known to be encoded by the virus, at the 2A/2B junction. All other cleavages of the polyprotein have been considered to be due to 3Cpro, although the precise location and mechanism responsible for the VP1/2A cleavage have been controversial. Here we present data that argue strongly against the involvement of the HAV 3Cpro proteinase in the maturation of VP1 from its VP1-2A precursor. Using a heterologous expression system based on recombinant vaccinia viruses directing the expression of full-length or truncated capsid protein precursors, we show that the C terminus of the mature VP1 capsid protein is located near residue 764 of the polyprotein. However, a proteolytically active HAV 3Cpro that was capable of directing both VP0/VP3 and VP3/VP1 cleavages in vaccinia virus-infected cells failed to process the VP1-2A precursor. Using site-directed mutagenesis of an infectious molecular clone of HAV, we modified potential VP1/2A cleavage sites that fit known 3Cpro recognition criteria and found that a substitution that ablates the presumed 3Cpro dipeptide recognition sequence at Glu764-Ser765 abolished neither infectivity nor normal VP1 maturation. Altered electrophoretic mobility of VP1 from a viable mutant virus with an Arg764 substitution indicated that this residue is present in VP1 and that the VP1/2A cleavage occurs downstream of this residue. These data indicate that maturation of the HAV VP1 capsid protein is not dependent on 3Cpro processing and may thus be uniquely dependent on a cellular proteinase.
Quadrupole anisotropy from photon quantum effects
Creators: name: Nesteruk, Alexei V
name: Maartens, Roy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider quantum effects of an electromagnetic field in a radiation-dominated almost FRW spacetime. The dominant non-local quantum correction to the photon distribution is a quadrupole moment, corresponding to an effective anisotropic pressure in the energy-momentum tensor.
description: 11 pages LaTeX, no figures; to appear in General Relativity and Gravitation
Reverse Genetic Analysis of the Transcription Regulatory Sequence of the Coronavirus Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus
Creators: name: Curtis, Kristopher M.
name: Baric, Ralph S.
name: Yount, Boyd
name: Sims, Amy C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Coronavirus discontinuous transcription uses a highly conserved sequence (CS) in the joining of leader and body RNAs. Using a full-length infectious construct of transmissable gastroenteritis virus, the present study demonstrates that subgenomic transcription is heavily influenced by upstream flanking sequences and supports a mechanism of transcription attenuation that is regulated in part by a larger domain composed of primarily upstream flanking sequences which select appropriately positioned CS elements for synthesis of subgenomic RNAs.
Thelephora terrestris Ehrh.
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Agaricomycetes
Thelephorales
Thelephoraceae
Thelephora
Thelephora terrestris

description: Elvela pineti Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 2: 1180. 1753.
"Habitat in Pinu, Abiete." RCN: 8493.
Type not designated.
Original material: none traced.
 Current name: Thelephora terrestris Ehrh.: Fr. (Thelephoraceae).
 Note: “Elvela” is an orthographic error for “Helvella”, to which it was corrected by Linnaeus in 1763.
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part E), pp. 490-515 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 493, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Set Aggregation Network as a Trainable Pooling Layer
Creators: name: Maziarka, Łukasz
name: Śmieja, Marek
name: Nowak, Aleksandra
name: Tabor, Jacek
name: Struski, Łukasz
name: Spurek, Przemysław
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Global pooling, such as max- or sum-pooling, is one of the key ingredients in deep neural networks used for processing images, texts, graphs and other types of structured data. Based on the recent DeepSets architecture proposed by Zaheer et al. (NIPS 2017), we introduce a Set Aggregation Network (SAN) as an alternative global pooling layer. In contrast to typical pooling operators, SAN allows to embed a given set of features to a vector representation of arbitrary size. We show that by adjusting the size of embedding, SAN is capable of preserving the whole information from the input. In experiments, we demonstrate that replacing global pooling layer by SAN leads to the improvement of classification accuracy. Moreover, it is less prone to overfitting and can be used as a regularizer.
description: ICONIP 2019
title: ADCO, Cartulaire du prieuré de Saint-Vivant-sous-Vergy, dépendant de l’abbaye de Cluny (XIVe siècle), Cart. 231 (21 H), 40 folios, f. 0031r
Creators: name: de la Côte-d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CBMA/CG21/F.PETOT/2010
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cartulaire
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: LaMOP
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Cartulaire du prieuré de Saint-Vivant-sous-Vergy, dépendant de l’abbaye de Cluny (XIVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 231 (21 H), 40 folios. Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire du prieuré de Saint-Vivant-sous-Vergy, dépendant de l’abbaye de Cluny (XIVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 231 (21 H), 40 folios, f. 0031r, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi \[Ressource en ligne\], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Vivant de Vergy
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945018
title: Statistisches Jahrbuch der Stadt Zürich 1980
title: Stat. Jahrb. Stadt Zür.
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: NZZ Fretz AG
Year: 1981
Subjects: subject: 314 Allgemeine Statistiken zu Europa
subject: Amtliche Statistik
subject: Bevölkerungsstatistik
subject: Wirtschaftsstatistik
subject: Stadtleben
subject: Zürich
subject: Baustatistik

description: Die in dieser Ausgabe publizierten Daten beziehen sich zum grössten Teil auf folgenden Zeitabschnitt : 1980
description: Die 76. Ausgabe des Statistischen Jahrbuches der Stadt Zürich hat sich gegenüber den Vorjahr leicht verändert. Es ist die erste Ausgabe, die mit Licht- anstelle von Bleisatz erstellt wurde. Neu sind zudem die allgemeinen Vorbemerkungen und die methodologischen Einleitungen und Begriffserklärungen zu den einzelnen Abschnitten des Jahrbuchs. Ebenfalls neu enthält das Jahrbuch Nachweise über die Gasversorgung und das Abfuhrwesen. Weggelassen wurden Tabellen, die nur Ergebnisse der Volkszählung 1970 enthielten. Sie werden schrittweise durch die auf den Auswertungen der Volkszählung 1980 beruhenden ersetzt. Auch wurde auf die Weiterveröffentlichung der Auswertungen der Haushaltungsrechnungen nach Haushalttypen und Einkommensklassen verzichtet.
High-temperature superconductors of the family (RE)Ba2Cu3O7-delta and their application (Review Article)
Creators: name: Bondarenko, S. I.
name: Koverya, V. P.
name: Krevsun, A. V.
name: Link, S. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This review article is a commemoration of the 30th anniversary of the discovery of YBa2Cu3O7-delta high-temperature superconductors (HTSCs). As a result of this discovery a family of (RE)Ba2Cu3O7-delta (RE stands for "rare earth") HTSCs has found great practical use. The review article consists of a brief history of how YBa2Cu3O7-delta was conceived and five sections describing the family of compounds: crystallography, phase diagrams, manufacturing techniques, main superconducting properties, and fields of application.
description: 27 pages, 33 figures
title: Portrait Expertise
Creators: name: Khairusov, Denis
Publisher: name: Technology and Language, 2(2), 54-67
Year: 2021
Subjects: Portrait expertise
Habitoscopy
Identification
Special knowledge
Criminal procedure

description: The digitalization of the urban environment, the introduction of digital technologies in almost all areas of the functioning of modern society forms a specific environment of digital reality. This includes the areas of transport and communications, banking, the energy system, housing and communal services, trade, health, education, and the active development of information and communication technologies, all of which characteristically involve personal identification. This identification often relies on various biometric technologies, which, in turn, increase the demand for law enforcement purposes of identification portrait expertise. In the article, the author briefly describes the history of improving the tools and methods of portrait examination. This leads into a discussion of the theory and practice of the development of identification portrait examination in the context of the global trend of integrating facial recognition technologies into the security systems of residential and commercial facilities, urban infrastructure, and the banking sector. By taking into account the urgency of the problem, this serves the objective to evaluate the practice of using portrait expertise in criminal proceedings and to identify the directions of its further development. Promising directions for the development of identification portrait expertise are formulated for the purposes of criminal proceedings especially regarding the formation and functioning of a specific digital reality environment. For the effective use of the portrait examination capabilities that are provided by modern information technologies, it is necessary to develop common global standards for personal identification parameters, and to actively accumulate identification information in databases.
description: Technology and Language, 2(2), 54-67
Duality and asymptotic geometries
Creators: name: Boonstra, H. J.
name: Peeters, B.
name: Skenderis, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a series of duality transformations that leads to a constant shift in the harmonic functions appearing in the description of a configuration of branes. This way, for several intersections of branes, we can relate the original brane configuration which is asymptotically flat to a geometry of the type $adS_k \xx E^l \xx S^m$. The implications of our results for supersymmetry enhancement, M(atrix) theory at finite N, and for supergravity theories in diverse dimensions are discussed.
description: 13 pages, Latex, references added
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus ORF6 Antagonizes STAT1 Function by Sequestering Nuclear Import Factors on the Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum/Golgi Membrane
Creators: name: Frieman, Matthew
name: Baric, Ralph S.
name: Heise, Mark
name: Yount, Boyd
name: Palese, Peter
name: Kopecky-Bromberg, Sarah A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: The host innate immune response is an important deterrent of severe viral infection in humans and animals. Nuclear import factors function as key gatekeepers that regulate the transport of innate immune regulatory cargo to the nucleus of cells to activate the antiviral response. Using severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) as a model, we demonstrate that SARS-COV ORF6 protein is localized to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)/Golgi membrane in infected cells, where it binds to and disrupts nuclear import complex formation by tethering karyopherin alpha 2 and karyopherin beta 1 to the membrane. Retention of import factors at the ER/Golgi membrane leads to a loss of STAT1 transport into the nucleus in response to interferon signaling, thus blocking the expression of STAT1-activated genes that establish an antiviral state. We mapped the region of ORF6, which binds karyopherin alpha 2, to the C terminus of ORF6 and show that mutations in the C terminus no longer bind karyopherin alpha 2 or block the nuclear import of STAT1. We also show that N-terminal deletions of karyopherin alpha 2 that no longer bind to karyopherin beta 1 still retain ORF6 binding activity but no longer block STAT1 nuclear import. Recombinant SARS-CoV lacking ORF6 did not tether karyopherin alpha 2 to the ER/Golgi membrane and allowed the import of the STAT1 complex into the nucleus. We discuss the likely implications of these data on SARS-CoV replication and pathogenesis.
Signatures of HyperCharge Axions in Colliders
Creators: name: Brustein, Ram
name: Oaknin, David H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If in addition to the standard model fields, a new pseudoscalar field that couples to hypercharge topological number density, the hypercharge axion, exists, it can be produced in colliders in association with photons or Z bosons, and detected by looking for its decay into photons or Z's. For a range of masses below a TeV and coupling above a fraction of 1/TeV, existing data from LEP II and the Tevatron can already put interesting constraints, and in future colliders accessible detection range is increased significantly. The hypercharge axion can help in explaining the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, uses axodraw.sty
title: Di pseudonimi e paratesti: J.A. de las Casas, J. Rivera e M. Doppelheim, traduttori del Dei Delitti e delle pene in spagnolo
Creators: name: Tonin, Raffaella
Publisher: name: CLUEB
Year: 2024

description: Il presente contributo intende proporre alcune ipotesi sull’identità e i vissuti di tre traduttori spagnoli del Dei delitti e delle pene (1764) di Cesare Beccaria, a partire dall’impiego di pseudonimi e dalla presenza di prologhi ed altri paratesti che rimandano a possibili condizionamenti sociopolitici. Tra i molti traduttori spagnoli del trattato di Beccaria, Juan Antonio de las Casas, Juan Rivera e Max Doppelheim sono accomunati dalla particolarità dell’aver firmato la loro traduzione, seppur in tre epoche e contesti ben diversi, sotto mentite spoglie. Juan Antonio de las Casas era lo pseudonimo che Juan Álvares (o Álvarez) usò nella prima edizione dell’opera in lingua spagnola (1774), da lui stesso dotata di alcuni peritesti difensivi, riconducibili al timore di ripercussioni censorie. Juan Rivera, noto anche come Juan Ribera e Juan Sánchez Rivera, traduttore particolarmente attivo nel periodo del Triennio Liberale, usava gli spazi peritestuali per criticare apertamente le traduzioni dei suoi predecessori, ma anche per promuovere certi cambiamenti nella società spagnola. Infine, Max Doppelheim, ideatore del cosiddetto ‘metodo Doppelheim’ per insegnare le lingue agli ispanofoni, risultò essere lo pseudonimo di Pelayo Vizuete y Picón, nome con il quale a inizi del ’900 lo studioso e traduttore firmava opere meno commerciali, diversificando in tal modo ruoli e tipologie di pubblico.
Synthetic Reconstruction of Zoonotic and Early Human Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Isolates That Produce Fatal Disease in Aged Mice
Creators: name: Pickles, Raymond
name: Sims, Amy
name: Sheahan, Timothy
name: Heise, Mark
name: Kelvin, David
name: Rockx, Barry
name: Baric, Ralph
name: Donaldson, Eric
name: Harkema, Jack
name: Cameron, Mark
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic was characterized by high mortality rates in the elderly. The molecular mechanisms that govern enhanced susceptibility of elderly populations are not known, and robust animal models are needed that recapitulate the increased pathogenic phenotype noted with increasing age. Using synthetic biology and reverse genetics, we describe the construction of a panel of isogenic SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) strains bearing variant spike glycoproteins that are representative of zoonotic strains found in palm civets and raccoon dogs, as well as isolates spanning the early, middle, and late phases of the SARS-CoV epidemic. The recombinant viruses replicated efficiently in cell culture and demonstrated variable sensitivities to neutralization with antibodies. The human but not the zoonotic variants replicated efficiently in human airway epithelial cultures, supporting earlier hypotheses that zoonotic isolates are less pathogenic in humans but can evolve into highly pathogenic strains. All viruses replicated efficiently, but none produced clinical disease or death in young animals. In contrast, severe clinical disease, diffuse alveolar damage, hyaline membrane formation, alveolitis, and death were noted in 12-month-old mice inoculated with the palm civet HC/SZ/61/03 strain or early-human-phase GZ02 variants but not with related middle- and late-phase epidemic or raccoon dog strains. This panel of SARS-CoV recombinants bearing zoonotic and human epidemic spike glycoproteins will provide heterologous challenge models for testing vaccine efficacy against zoonotic reintroductions as well as provide the appropriate model system for elucidating the complex virus-host interactions that contribute to more-severe and fatal SARS-CoV disease and acute respiratory distress in the elderly.
Intermittence and roughening of periodic elastic media
Creators: name: Seppälä, E. T.
name: Alava, M. J.
name: Duxbury, P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze intermittence and roughening of an elastic interface or domain wall pinned in a periodic potential, in the presence of random-bond disorder in (1+1) and (2+1) dimensions. Though the ensemble average behavior is smooth, the typical behavior of a large sample is intermittent, and does not self-average to a smooth behavior. Instead, large fluctuations occur in the mean location of the interface and the onset of interface roughening is via an extensive fluctuation which leads to a jump in the roughness of order $λ$, the period of the potential. Analytical arguments based on extreme statistics are given for the number of the minima of the periodicity visited by the interface and for the roughening cross-over, which is confirmed by extensive exact ground state calculations.
description: Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. E
Evaluation Measures for Quantification: An Axiomatic Approach
Creators: name: Sebastiani, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Quantification is the task of estimating, given a set $σ$ of unlabelled items and a set of classes $\mathcal{C}=\{c_{1}, \ldots, c_{|\mathcal{C}|}\}$, the prevalence (or `relative frequency') in $σ$ of each class $c_{i}\in \mathcal{C}$. While quantification may in principle be solved by classifying each item in $σ$ and counting how many such items have been labelled with $c_{i}$, it has long been shown that this `classify and count' (CC) method yields suboptimal quantification accuracy. As a result, quantification is no longer considered a mere byproduct of classification, and has evolved as a task of its own. While the scientific community has devoted a lot of attention to devising more accurate quantification methods, it has not devoted much to discussing what properties an \emph{evaluation measure for quantification} (EMQ) should enjoy, and which EMQs should be adopted as a result. This paper lies down a number of interesting properties that an EMQ may or may not enjoy, discusses if (and when) each of these properties is desirable, surveys the EMQs that have been used so far, and discusses whether they enjoy or not the above properties. As a result of this investigation, some of the EMQs that have been used in the literature turn out to be severely unfit, while others emerge as closer to what the quantification community actually needs. However, a significant result is that no existing EMQ satisfies all the properties identified as desirable, thus indicating that more research is needed in order to identify (or synthesize) a truly adequate EMQ.
description: 36 pages, 2 figures. Submitted for publication in the Information Retrieval Journal
MOESM4 of Integration of DNA methylation patterns and genetic variation in human pediatric tissues help inform EWAS design and interpretation
Creators: name: Sumaiya Islam
name: Goodman, Sarah
name: MacIsaac, Julia
name: Obradović, Jelena
name: Barr, Ronald
name: W. Boyce
name: Kobor, Michael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 4: Fig. S7. Representation of A) 4980 CpGs underlying validated cis-mQTL, B) tissue-specific mQTL-associated CpGs and C) shared-tissue mQTL-associated CpGs across various genomic features. Bars show the fold-change between CpG count in each genomic region and the mean count of randomly selected CpGs in that same genomic feature, from 10,000 iterations. Error bars show standard error (* denotes significant enrichment or depletion at FDR ≤ 0.05) (S = South; N = North).
Renormalization in Nonrelativistic Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Adhikari, Sadhan K.
name: Ghosh, Angsula
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The importance and usefulness of renormalization are emphasized in nonrelativistic quantum mechanics. The momentum space treatment of both two-body bound state and scattering problems involving some potentials singular at the origin exhibits ultraviolet divergence. The use of renormalization techniques in these problems leads to finite converged results for both the exact and perturbative solutions. The renormalization procedure is carried out for the quantum two-body problem in different partial waves for a minimal potential possessing only the threshold behavior and no form factors. The renormalized perturbative and exact solutions for this problem are found to be consistent with each other. The useful role of the renormalization group equations for this problem is also pointed out.
description: 16 pages
title: Sobre la historia de las traducciones de Gramsci en España (1937-1975)
Creators: name: Mancosu, Paola
Publisher: name: CLUEB
Year: 2024

description: El presente ensayo se propone indagar la historia de las traducciones en español y en catalán de la obra de Antonio Gramsci en España durante la dictadura franquista. Desde una perspectiva descriptiva de los Estudios de Traducción, se delineará y sistematizará la historia de las traducciones desde la muerte de Gramsci (1937) hasta el fin del Régimen (1975), investigando qué textos fueron traducidos, en qué momentos, con qué finalidad y quiénes se encargaron de la traducción y la edición.
Tensor product of motives via Künneth formula
Creators: name: Barbieri-Viale, L.
name: Prest, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Following Nori's original idea we here provide certain motivic categories with a canonical tensor structure. These motivic categories are associated to a cohomological functor on a suitable base category and the tensor structure is induced by the cartesian tensor structure on the base category via a cohomological Künneth formula.
description: Revised version to appear on JPAA
title: Gender, Race, and Court Location Effects on Exceptional Sentencing in the State of Washington
Creators: name: Drezak, Catherine L.
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1997

description: Policy statements by the Sentencing Commission for the State of Washington emphasize that gender, race, and community ties are irrelevant to sentencing decisions. Based on prior sentencing practices, these policies carry the potential to incorporate unrecognized sentencing disparity practices into the proposed sentencing equality solution. Using Washington's sentencing data under current sentencing guideline structures, this research examined the sentencing outcomes with respect to sentences given outside the guidelines. This study was designed to address the research questions: What effect, if any, does gender have on exceptional sentence outcome? To what extent, if any, is race a factor in determining gender differences in exceptional sentence outcomes? To what extent, if any, does court location affect gender differences in sentencing? This study found sex and race effects in exceptional sentencing decisions. However, gender and race interaction effects and court location effects were not significant.
MOESM3 of Integration of DNA methylation patterns and genetic variation in human pediatric tissues help inform EWAS design and interpretation
Creators: name: Sumaiya Islam
name: Goodman, Sarah
name: MacIsaac, Julia
name: ObradoviÄ, Jelena
name: Barr, Ronald
name: W. Boyce
name: Kobor, Michael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 3: Fig. S6. Overlap of cis-mQTL identified in matched tissues of both C3ARE and GECKO cohorts, respectively.
Measuring masses of semi-invisibly decaying particles pair produced at hadron colliders
Creators: name: Lester, C. G.
name: Summers, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a variable useful for measuring masses of particles pair produced at hadron colliders, where each particle decays to one particle that is directly observable and another particle whose existence can only be inferred from missing transverse momenta. This variable is closely related to the transverse mass variable commonly used for measuring the $W$ mass at hadron colliders, and like the transverse mass our variable extracts masses in a reasonably model independent way. Without considering either backgrounds or measurement errors we consider how our variable would perform measuring the mass of selectrons in a mSUGRA SUSY model at the LHC.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, LaTeX
Leymus arenarius Hochst.
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Leymus
Leymus arenarius

description: Elymus arenarius Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 83. 1753.
"Habitat ad Europae litora marina in arena mobili." RCN: 696.
 Lectotype (Bowden in Canad. J. Bot. 42: 567. 1964): Herb. Linn. No. 100.1 (LINN).
 Current name: Leymus arenarius (L.) Hochst. (Poaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part E), pp. 490-515 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 493, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
MOESM4 of A retrosynthetic analysis algorithm implementation
Creators: name: Watson, Ian
name: Jibo Wang
name: Nicolaou, Christos
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4. SI4 includes the structure and ZINC numbers for all building blocks shown in Fig.Â 9.
Whole genome resequencing reveals diagnostic markers for investigating global migration and hybridization between minke whale species
Creators: name: Malde, Ketil
name: Seliussen, Bjørghild B.
name: Quintela, María
name: Dahle, Geir
name: Besnier, François
name: Skaug, Hans J.
name: Øien, Nils
name: Solvang, Hiroko K.
name: Haug, Tore
name: Skern-Mauritzen, Rasmus
name: Kanda, Naohisa
name: Pastene, Luis A.
name: Jonassen, Inge
name: Glover, Kevin A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Background: In the marine environment, where there are few absolute physical barriers, contemporary contact between previously isolated species can occur across great distances, and in some cases, may be inter-oceanic. [..] in the minke whale species complex [...] migrations [..] have been documented and fertile hybrids and back-crossed individuals between both species have also been identified. However, it is not known whether this represents a contemporary event, potentially driven by ecosystem changes in the Antarctic, or a sporadic occurrence happening over an evolutionary time-scale. We successfully used whole genome resequencing to identify a panel of diagnostic SNPs which now enable us address this evolutionary question. Results: A large number of SNPs displaying fixed or nearly fixed allele frequency differences among the minke whale species were identified from the sequence data. Five panels of putatively diagnostic markers were established on a genotyping platform for validation of allele frequencies; two panels (26 and 24 SNPs) separating the two species of minke whale, and three panels (22, 23, and 24 SNPs) differentiating the three subspecies of common minke whale. The panels were validated against a set of reference samples, demonstrating the ability to accurately identify back-crossed whales up to three generations. Conclusions: This work has resulted in the development of a panel of novel diagnostic genetic markers to address inter-oceanic and global contact among the genetically isolated minke whale species and sub-species. These markers, including a globally relevant genetic reference data set for this species complex, are now openly available for researchers [..]. The approach used here, combining whole genome resequencing and high-throughput genotyping, represents a universal approach to develop similar tools for other species and population complexes.
Elymus canadensis Linnaeus 1753
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Elymus
Elymus canadensis

description: Elymus canadensis Linnaeus, Species Plantarum 1: 83. 1753.
"Habitat in Canada. Kalm." RCN: 699.
 Replaced synonym of: Elymus philadelphicus L. (1755), nom. illeg.
 Lectotype (Hitchcock in Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 12: 124. 1908): Herb. Linn. No. 100.3 (LINN; iso- US, fragm.).
 Current name: Elymus canadensis L. (Poaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part E), pp. 490-515 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 493, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971
Molecular Determinants of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Pathogenesis and Virulence in Young and Aged Mouse Models of Human Disease
Creators: name: Yount, Boyd
name: Page, Carly
name: Agnihothram, Sudhakar
name: Roberts, Anjeanette
name: Vogel, Leatrice
name: Donaldson, Eric
name: Frieman, Matthew
name: Subbarao, Kanta
name: Scorpio, Diana
name: Woodruff, Becky
name: Baric, Ralph S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) causes severe acute respiratory tract disease characterized by diffuse alveolar damage and hyaline membrane formation. This pathology often progresses to acute respiratory distress (such as acute respiratory distress syndrome [ARDS]) and atypical pneumonia in humans, with characteristic age-related mortality rates approaching 50% or more in immunosenescent populations. The molecular basis for the extreme virulence of SARS-CoV remains elusive. Since young and aged (1-year-old) mice do not develop severe clinical disease following infection with wild-type SARS-CoV, a mouse-adapted strain of SARS-CoV (called MA15) was developed and was shown to cause lethal infection in these animals. To understand the genetic contributions to the increased pathogenesis of MA15 in rodents, we used reverse genetics and evaluated the virulence of panels of derivative viruses encoding various combinations of mouse-adapted mutations. We found that mutations in the viral spike (S) glycoprotein and, to a much less rigorous extent, in the nsp9 nonstructural protein, were primarily associated with the acquisition of virulence in young animals. The mutations in S likely increase recognition of the mouse angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor not only in MA15 but also in two additional, independently isolated mouse-adapted SARS-CoVs. In contrast to the findings for young animals, mutations to revert to the wild-type sequence in nsp9 and the S glycoprotein were not sufficient to significantly attenuate the virus compared to other combinations of mouse-adapted mutations in 12-month-old mice. This panel of SARS-CoVs provides novel reagents that we have used to further our understanding of differential, age-related pathogenic mechanisms in mouse models of human disease.
Inhomogeneous universes in observational coordinates
Creators: name: Maartens, Roy
name: Humphreys, Neil
name: Matravers, David
name: Stoeger, Bill
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Isotropic inhomogeneous dust universes are analysed via observational coordinates based on the past light cones of the observer's galactic worldline. The field equations are reduced to a single first--order {\sc ode} in observational variables on the past light cone, completing the observational integration scheme. This leads naturally to an explicit exact solution which is locally nearly homogeneous (i.e. {\sc frw}), but at larger redshift develops inhomogeneity. New observational characterisations of homogeneity ({\sc frw} universes) are also given.
description: 17 pages LaTeX, no figures; to appear in Classical and Quantum Gravity
Ferromagnetic phase transition in a Heisenberg fluid: Monte Carlo simulations and Fisher corrections to scaling
Creators: name: Mryglod, I. M.
name: Omelyan, I. P.
name: Folk, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic phase transition in a Heisenberg fluid is studied by means of the finite size scaling (FSS) technique. We find that even for larger systems, considered in an ensemble with fixed density, the critical exponents show deviations from the expected lattice values similar to those obtained previously. This puzzle is clarified by proving the importance of the leading correction to the scaling that appears due to Fisher renormalization with the critical exponent equal to the absolute value of the specific heat exponent $α$. The appearance of such new corrections to scaling is a general feature of systems with constraints.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures; submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
Agropyron caninum P. Beauv.
Creators: name: Jarvis, Charlie
Publisher: name: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Agropyron
Agropyron caninum

description: Elymus caninus (Linnaeus) Linnaeus, Flora Suecica, ed. 2: 39. 1755.
"Habitat ad Hellekis W-gothiae." RCN: 704.
 Basionym: Triticum caninum L. (1753).
 Lectotype (Cope & van Slageren in Cafferty & al. in Taxon 49: 258. 2000): Herb. Linn. No. 100.10 (LINN).
 Current name: Agropyron caninum (L.) P. Beauv. (Poaceae).
description: Published as part of Jarvis, Charlie, 2007, Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part E), pp. 490-515 in Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London :Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum on page 493, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.291971