cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Microscopic interactions and emerging elasticity in model soft particulate gels
Creators: name: Bantawa, Minaspi
name: Fontaine-Seiler, Wayan A.
name: Olmsted, Peter D.
name: Del Gado, Emanuela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a class of models for particulate gels in which the particle contacts are described by an effective interaction combining a two-body attraction and a three-body angular repulsion. Using molecular dynamics, we show how varying the model parameters allows us to sample, for a given gelation protocol, a variety of gel morphologies. For a specific set of the model parameters, we identify the local elastic structures that get interlocked in the gel network. Using the analytical expression of their elastic energy from the microscopic interactions, we can estimate their contribution to the emergent elasticity of the gel and gain new insight into its origin.
Electron transmission through step- and barrier-like potentials in graphene ribbons
Creators: name: Klymenko, Yuriy
name: Malysheva, Lyuba
name: Onipko, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The list of textbook tunneling formulas is extended by deriving exact expressions for the transmission coefficient in graphene ribbons with armchair edges and the step-like and barrier-like profiles of site energies along the ribbon. These expressions are obtained by matching wave functions at the interfaces between the regions, where quasiparticles have constant but different potential energies. It is shown that for an $U_0$ high barrier and low-energy electrons and holes, the mode transmission of charge carriers in this type of ribbons is described by the textbook formula, where the constant barrier is replaced by an effective, energy-dependent barrier, $U_0\to U(E)$. For the lowest/highest electron/hole mode, $U(E)$ goes, respectively, to zero and nonzero value in metallic and semiconducting ribbons. This and other peculiarities of through-barrier/step transmission in graphene are discussed and compared with related earlier results.
description: Edited, misprints corrected
A Chandra Look at Five of the Broadest Double-Peaked Balmer-Line Emitters
Creators: name: Strateva, Iskra V.
name: Brandt, W. N.
name: Eracleous, Michael
name: Garmire, Gordon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the 0.5-10keV emission of a sample of five of the broadest double-peaked Balmer-line emitters with Chandra. The Balmer lines of these objects originate close (within a few hundred gravitational radii) to the central black holes of the Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs), and their double-peaked profiles suggest an origin in the AGN accretion disk. We find that four of the five targets can be modeled by simple power-law continua with photon indices (1.6-1.8) typical of similar luminosity AGNs. One object, SDSS J0132-0952, shows evidence of ionized intrinsic absorption. The most-luminous SDSS double-peaked emitter, SDSS J2125-0813, has either an unusual flat spectrum (~1) or is also highly absorbed. It is the only double-peaked emitter for which no external illumination is necessary to account for the Balmer line emission. The strength of the Balmer-line emission in the remaining four objects suggests that the total line flux likely exceeds the viscous energy that can be extracted locally from the accretion disk and external illumination is necessary. All five double-peaked emitters have unusually strong X-ray emission relative to their UV/optical emission, which is the likely source of the external illumination necessary for the production of the observed strong broad lines. On average about 30% of their bolometric luminosities are emitted between 0.5-10keV. The spectral energy distributions of the five double-peaked emitters show the big blue bumps characteristic of radiatively efficient accretion flows. The Balmer line profiles, as well as the optical and X-ray fluxes of the double-peaked emitters, are highly variable on timescales of months to years in the AGN rest frame.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, accepted by ApJ
ค่าดัชนีการปลดปล่อยก๊าซคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์ต่อหัวของผู้ใช้อาคารในประเทศไทย
Creators: name: ผู้ช่วยศาสตราจารย์ ดร.อรรจน์ เศรษฐบุตร
Publisher: name: โรงพิมพ์แห่งจุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย
Year: 2012
Subjects: ค่าการปลดปล่อยก๊าซคาร์บอนไดออกไซด์,ดัชนีการใช้พลังงานในอาคาร,การอนุรักษ์พลังงาน,วัสดุก่อสร้าง,คาร์บอนฟุตปรินด์

description: 61, Academic Journal of Architecture
The ghost of a dwarf galaxy: fossils of the hierarchical formation of the nearby spiral galaxy NGC 5907
Creators: name: Martinez-Delgado, David
name: Penarrubia, Jorge
name: Gabany, R. Jay
name: Trujillo, Ignacio
name: Majewski, Steven R.
name: Pohlen, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an extragalactic perspective of an extended stellar tidal stream wrapping around the edge-on, spiral galaxy NGC 5907. Our deep images reveal for the first time a large scale complex of arcing loops that is an excellent example of how a low-mass satellite accretion can produce an interwoven, rosette-like structure of debris dispersed in the halo of its host galaxy. The existence of this structure, which has probably formed and survived for several Gigayears, confirms that halos of spiral galaxies in the Local Universe may still contain a significant number of galactic fossils from their hierarchical formation. To examine the validity of the external accretion scenario, we present N-body simulations of the tidal disruption of a dwarf galaxy-like system in a disk galaxy plus dark halo potential that demonstrate that most of the observed tidal features observed in NGC 5907 can be explained by a single accretion event. Unfortunately, with no kinematic data and only the projected geometry of the stream as constraint, the parameters of our model are considerably degenerate and, for now, must be considered illustrative only. Interestingly, NGC 5907 has long been considered a prototypical example of a warped spiral in relative isolation. The presence of an extended tidal stream challenges this picture and suggests that the gravitational perturbations induced by the stream progenitor may be the cause for the warp. The detection of an old, complex tidal stream in a nearby galaxy with rather modest instrumentation points to the viability of surveys to find extragalactic tidal substructures around spiral galaxies in the Local Volume (< 15 Mpc) -- with the prospect of obtaining a census with enough statistical significance to be compared with cosmological simulations.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal. High resolution version of the paper, full colour version of the NGC 5907 tidal stream image, movie of the N-body model and IAC press release can be found at: http://www.cosmotography.com/images/small_ring_ngc5907.html
From atomic physics, to upper-atmospheric chemistry, to cosmology: A "laser photometric ratio star" to calibrate telescopes at major observatories
Creators: name: Albert, Justin E.
name: Budker, Dmitry
name: Sadeghpour, H. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The expansion of our Universe is accelerating, due to dark energy. But the nature of dark energy has been a mystery since its discovery at the end of the past century. In Research Highlight https://doi.org/10.1002/ntls.20220003 , Justin Albert, Dmitry Budker and Hossein Sadeghpour provide an overview of how a laser photometric ratio star (a novel light source generated by laser excitation of the Earth's upper-atmospheric sodium layer, which will radiate equally brightly at wavelengths of 589 nm and 820 nm) can help us precisely calibrate telescopes in order to understand the nature of dark energy.
description: Brief "Research Highlight" and cover article for Natural Sciences journal volume 2, issue 2 (Feb. 2022). 3 pages, 2 figures
Bewältigungsprozesse von Eltern hörgeschädigter Kinder
Creators: name: Haldemann, Vanessa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird die psychische Entwicklung von Eltern von gehörlosen oder schwerhörigen Kindern in verschiedenen Phasen untersucht: von der anfänglichen Schockreaktion bei der Diagnose bis hin zur endgültigen Akzeptanz. Es wird erforscht, welche weiteren Phasen die Eltern durchlaufen und wie sich die Hörbeeinträchtigung auf das Familienleben auswirkt. Sind Zweifel und Ängste bei allen Eltern gleichermassen präsent? Wie haben Eltern die Herausforderungen des neuen Lebens bewältigt und gibt es gemeinsame Erfahrungen? Im Fokus stehen die Bewältigungsstrategien der Eltern sowie deren individuelle Empfindungen und Erfahrungen. Mithilfe eines Elternfragebogens werden Antworten auf die genannten Fragen gesucht. Die Teilnahme an der Studie erfolgte entweder durch den Erwerb eines modischen Accessoires aus der Kollektion Happy Ears by Linda, über den audiopädagogischen Dienst ihrer Region oder die SVEHK. Diese Forschungsarbeit bietet einen Einblick in die vielseitigen Erfahrungen und Herausforderungen von Eltern schwerhöriger Kinder.
title: Russia and Aluminum Supply Chains
Creators: name: Van Veen, Kelsi
Publisher: name: United States International Trade Commission
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/05hsggr76
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2022

description: Aluminum is considered a critical material for several U.S. industries and national security. Although
Russia is not a major source of U.S. imports of aluminum, the ongoing conflict between Russia and
Ukraine appears to be impacting global prices, which does have an impact on U.S. downstream
industries. This executive briefing on trade examines Russia’s role in aluminum supply chains and how the
war may affect prices and downstream consumers.
Virial Expansion of the Electrical Conductivity of Hydrogen Plasmas
Creators: name: Röpke, Gerd
name: Schörner, Maximilian
name: Redmer, Ronald
name: Bethkenhagen, Mandy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The low-density limit of the electrical conductivity $σ(n,T)$ of hydrogen as the simplest ionic plasma is presented as function of temperature T and mass density n in form of a virial expansion of the resistivity. Quantum statistical methods yield exact values for the lowest virial coefficients which serve as benchmark for analytical approaches to the electrical conductivity as well as for numerical results obtained from density functional theory based molecular dynamics simulations (DFT-MD) or path-integral Monte Carlo (PIMC) simulations. While these simulations are well suited to calculate $σ(n,T)$ in a wide range of density and temperature, in particular for the warm dense matter region, they become computationally expensive in the low-density limit, and virial expansions can be utilized to balance this drawback. We present new results of DFT-MD simulations in that regime and discuss the account of electron-electron collisions by comparing with the virial expansion.
description: Supplementary Material will be made available upon journal publication
Hydrodynamical simulations of Galactic fountains I: evolution of single fountains
Creators: name: Melioli, C.
name: Brighenti, F.
name: D'Ercole, A.
name: Pino, E. M. de Gouveia Dal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ejection of the gas out of the disk in late-type galaxies is related to star formation and is due mainly to Type II supernovae. In this paper we studied in detail the development of the Galactic fountains in order to understand their dynamical evolution and their influence in the redistribution of the freshly delivered metals over the disk. To this aim, we performed a number of 3D hydrodynamical radiative cooling simulations of the gas in the Milky Way where the whole Galaxy structure, the Galactic differential rotation and the supernovae explosions generated by a single OB association are considered. A typical fountain powered by 100 Type II supernovae may eject material up to $\sim 2$ kpc which than collapses back mostly in form of dense, cold clouds and filaments. The majority of the gas lifted up by the fountains falls back on the disk remaining within a radial distance $ΔR=0.5$ kpc from the place where the fountain originated. This localized circulation of disk gas does not influence the radial chemical gradients on large scale, as required by the chemical models of the Milky Way which reproduce the metallicity distribution without invoking large fluxes of metals. Simulations of multiple fountains fuelled by Type II supernovae of different OB associations will be presented in a companion paper.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures, accepted for pubblication in MNRAS
An ordinal CNN approach for the assessment of neurological damage in Parkinson's disease patients
Creators: name: Barbero-Gómez, Javier
name: Gutiérrez, Pedro-Antonio
name: Vargas, Víctor-Manuel
name: Vallejo-Casas, Juan-Antonio
name: Hervás-Martínez, César
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: 3D image scans are an assessment tool for neurological damage in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. This diagnosis process can be automatized to help medical staff through Decision Support Systems (DSSs), and Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are good candidates, because they are effective when applied to spatial data. This paper proposes a 3D CNN ordinal model for assessing the level or neurological damage in PD patients. Given that CNNs need large datasets to achieve acceptable performance, a data augmentation method is adapted to work with spatial data. We consider the Ordinal Graph-based Oversampling via Shortest Paths (OGO-SP) method, which applies a gamma probability distribution for inter-class data generation. A modification of OGO-SP is proposed, the OGO-SP-$β$ algorithm, which applies the beta distribution for generating synthetic samples in the inter-class region, a better suited distribution when compared to gamma. The evaluation of the different methods is based on a novel 3D image dataset provided by the Hospital Universitario 'Reina Sofía' (Córdoba, Spain). We show how the ordinal methodology improves the performance with respect to the nominal one, and how OGO-SP-$β$ yields better performance than OGO-SP.
description: To be published in Expert Systems with Applications, 33 pages, 6 figures
The Parts Determine the Whole except for n-Qubit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger States
Creators: name: Walck, Scott N.
name: Lyons, David W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The generalized n-qubit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states and their local unitary equivalents are the only pure states of n qubits that are not uniquely determined (among arbitrary states, pure or mixed) by their reduced density matrices of n-1 qubits. Thus, the generalized GHZ states are the only ones containing information at the n-party level.
description: 4 pages
Bed behaviour in rotary cylinders with applications to rotary kilns
Creators: name: Henein, Hani
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Two modes of transverse solids motion, slumping and rolling, in rotary kiln operation have been experimentally characterized and mathematically modelled in this study. Other modes of bed behaviour encountered in rotary cylinders; slipping, cascading, cataracting and centrifuging have been formulated mathematically. The models have been verified using experimental observations reported in the literature. An experimental study of those conditions under which the bed changed from slumping to rolling was undertaken and the characteristics of these modes of motion quantified using different types of solids in three horizontal rotary cylinders and a small pilot kiln. A Bed-Behaviour Diagram which is a plot of bed depth versus rotational speed was developed to delineate the various areas of dominance of slumping and rolling and it was shown using this Diagram that bed behaviour observations made on batch cylinders were representative of solids motion in a continuous kiln operation, the effects of bed depth, particle size, particle shape and cylinder diameter on the position of the slumping-rolling boundary were also experimentally investigated. The quantitative characterization of slumping and rolling indicated that a new interpretation of the change in bed motion from slumping to rolling was required.
MUDANÇAS DO PALEOCLIMÁTICAS E PALEOAMBIENTAIS DO BRASIL DESDE A ÚLTIMA DEGLACIAÇÃO REGISTRADAS EM CAVERNAS
Creators: name: Novello, V.F.
name: Azevedo, V.
name: Utida, G.
name: Cruz, F.W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: paleoclima
paleoambiente
vegetação
espeleotema
isotopos
cavernas

description: Resumo Estalagmites da América do Sul são usualmente utilizadas para a reconstituição da paleo-precipitação a partir de análises de δ18O. Entretanto, recentemente a análise combinada de outros indicadores ambientais presente nos espeleotemas, tais como δ13C e 87Sr/86Sr, se mostraram úteis para a reconstituição das mudanças na vegetação e na dinâmica do solo acima de caverna. Cavernas também acumulam sedimento que foram erodidos da área externa. Para caracterizar o paleoclima e o paleoambiente desde a última deglaciação nós apresentamos uma compilação de estudos paleoclimáticos e paleoambientais obtidos a partir de diferentes depósitos de cavernas distribuidas de Sudoeste a Nordeste do Brasil. Constatamos que diferentes biomas brasileiros são sensiveis a diferentes forçantes. Foi verificado um aumento da densidade florestal no Cerrado durante o período da última deglaciação em decorrencia do aumento da concentração do CO2 atmosférico durante esse período enquanto que a precipitação diminuiu. Por outro lado, a região onde o bioma predominante é a Caatinga passou de um ambiente de floresta mais densa para o de vegetação seca durante o Holoceno médio em decorrencia da diminuição da precipitação. Dessa forma, foi caracterizado um dipolo na vegetação do Brasil que é independente do dipolo de paleoprecipitação existente entre os lados leste e oeste do Brasil.
Absolute absorption on the rubidium D lines: comparison between theory and experiment
Creators: name: Siddons, Paul
name: Adams, Charles S.
name: Ge, Chang
name: Hughes, Ifan G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Doppler-broadened absorption of a weak monochromatic probe beam in a thermal rubidium vapour cell on the D lines. A detailed model of the susceptibility is developed which takes into account the absolute linestrengths of the allowed electric dipole transitions and the motion of the atoms parallel to the probe beam. All transitions from both hyperfine levels of the ground term of both isotopes are incorporated. The absorption and refractive index as a function of frequency are expressed in terms of the complementary error function. The absolute absorption profiles are compared with experiment, and are found to be in excellent agreement provided a sufficiently weak probe beam with an intensity under one thousandth of the saturation intensity is used. The importance of hyperfine pumping for open transitions is discussed in the context of achieving the weak-probe limit. Theory and experiment show excellent agreement, with an rms error better than 0.2% for the D2 line at 16.5 degrees C.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Journal of Physics B
title: Ð¡Ñ ÐµÐ¼Ð¾ÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ° ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¾Ð²ÑÑ Ð¾Ð¿ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½ÑÑ ÑÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¹ÑÑÐ²
title: ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ðµ
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: ÐÐ¸ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð°, Ð¢Ð°ÑÑÑÐ½Ð°
name: Ð¢Ð°ÑÐ°Ð±ÑÐºÐ¸Ð½, ÐÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð»Ð¸Ð¹
name: Ð¤Ð¸Ð»Ð¸Ð¿Ð¿Ð¾Ð², ÐÐ»ÐµÐºÑÐµÐ¹
Publisher: name: [Ð¡ÐÐ±ÐÐ¢Ð£]
Year: 1995
Subjects: ÐÐ¸ÐºÑÐ¾ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾Ð½Ð½ÑÐµ ÑÑ ÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¸Ð½ÑÐµÐ³ÑÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÐµ

description: Ð£ÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ðµ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑÐµÐ½Ð¾ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÑÑÐ´ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¾Ð² ÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ¹ "Ð£Ð¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¸ Ð¸Ð½ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ° Ð² ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð°Ñ" (210100) Ð¸ "ÐÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½ÑÐµ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð½Ñ, ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð»ÐµÐºÑÑ, ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¸ ÑÐµÑÐ¸" (220100), Ð²ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÑÑÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¾-Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°ÑÐµÐ»ÑÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ ÐºÑÑÑÑ "Ð¢ÐµÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¸ ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð¾ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÐºÐ° Ð¾Ð¿ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½ÑÑ ÑÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¹ÑÑÐ²". ÐÐ¾ ÐºÐ°Ð¶Ð´Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐµÐ¼Ðµ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð° Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ð° Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¹ Ñ ÐºÑÐ°ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¼Ð¸ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¼Ð¸ Ð¸ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¼Ð¸ ÑÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÑÐ¼Ð¸, Ð° ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ñ ÑÑÐ»Ð¾Ð²Ð½ÑÐµ Ð¾Ð±Ð¾Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ, ÑÑÐ½ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÐµ ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¸ Ð¾Ð¿Ð¸ÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð¹Ð½ÑÑ Ð¸Ð½ÑÐµÐ³ÑÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÑ ÑÑÐµÐ¼, Ð½Ð° Ð±Ð°Ð·Ðµ ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÑÑ Ð²ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÑÐµÑÑÑ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ.
description: ÐÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ°ÐµÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ ÑÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐµÐ´Ð°ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾-Ð¸Ð·Ð´Ð°ÑÐµÐ»ÑÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÑÐ° Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐ°.
Phantom Accretion by Black Holes and the Generalized Second Law of Thermodynamics
Creators: name: Lima, J. A. S.
name: Pereira, S. H.
name: Horvath, J. E.
name: Guariento, Daniel C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The accretion of a phantom fluid with non-zero chemical potential by black holes is discussed with basis on the Generalized Second Law of thermodynamics. For phantom fluids with positive temperature and negative chemical potential we demonstrate that the accretion process is possible, and that the condition guaranteeing the positiveness of the phantom fluid entropy coincides with the one required by Generalized Second Law. In particular, this result provides a complementary confirmation that cosmological phantom fluids do not need to have negative temperatures.
The gate tunable 2D pn junction driven out-of-equilibrium
Creators: name: Chaves, Ferney A.
name: Jiménez, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the electrostatics and electronic transport of the gate tunable 2D pn junction by implementing a comprehensive physics-based simulator that self-consistently solves the 2D Poisson's equation coupled to the drift-diffusion current and continuity equations. The simulator considers the strong influence of the out-of-plane electric field through the gate dielectric and the presence of interface states. The impact of parameters such as gate capacitance, energy gap and interface trap states density have been considered to model properties such as the depletion width, rectification factor and depletion and diffusion capacitances. The present work opens the door to a wider exploration of potential advantages that gate tunable 2D pn junctions could bring in terms of figures of merit.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
Dynamic stiction without static friction: The role of friction vector rotation
Creators: name: Nakano, Ken
name: Popov, Valentin L.
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: friction
subject: tribology
subject: stiction

description: In the textbook formulation of dry friction laws, static and dynamic friction (stick and slip) are qualitatively different and sharply separated phenomena. However, accurate measurements of stick-slip motion generally show that static friction is not truly static but characterized by a slow creep that, upon increasing tangential load, smoothly accelerates into bulk sliding. Microscopic, contact-mechanical, and phenomenological models have been previously developed to account for this behavior. In the present work, we show that it may instead be a systemic property of the measurement apparatus. Using a mechanical model that exhibits the characteristics of typical setups of measuring friction forces—which usually have very high transverse stiffness—and assuming a small but nonzero misalignment angle in the contact plane, we observe some fairly counterintuitive behavior: Under increasing longitudinal loading, the system almost immediately starts sliding perpendicularly to the pulling direction. Then the friction force vector begins to rotate in the plane, gradually approaching the pulling direction. When the angle between the two becomes small, bulk sliding sets in quickly. Although the system is sliding the entire time, macroscopic stick-slip behavior is reproduced very well, as is the accelerated creep during the “stick” phase. The misalignment angle is identified as a key parameter governing the stick-to-slip transition. Numerical results and theoretical considerations also reveal the presence of high-frequency transverse oscillations during the “static” phase, which are also transmitted into the longitudinal direction by nonlinear processes. Stability analysis is carried out and suggests dynamic probing methods for the approaching moment of bulk slip and the possibility of suppressing stick-slip instabilities by changing the misalignment angle and other system parameters.
Strategies for the Characteristic Extraction of Gravitational Waveforms
Creators: name: Babiuc, M. C.
name: Bishop, N. T.
name: Szilagyi, B.
name: Winicour, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop, test and compare new numerical and geometrical methods for improving the accuracy of extracting waveforms using characteristic evolution. The new numerical method involves use of circular boundaries to the stereographic grid patches which cover the spherical cross-sections of the outgoing null cones. We show how an angular version of numerical dissipation can be introduced into the characteristic code to damp the high frequency error arising form the irregular way the circular patch boundary cuts through the grid. The new geometric method involves use of the Weyl tensor component $Ψ_4$ to extract the waveform as opposed to the original approach via the Bondi news function. We develop the necessary analytic and computational formula to compute the $O(1/r)$ radiative part of $Ψ_4$ in terms of a conformally compactified treatment of null infinity. These methods are compared and calibrated in test problems based upon linearized waves.
description: 26 pages, 14 figures, Published in Phys.Rev.D79:084011,2009
Properties of synchronization in the systems of non-identical coupled van der Pol and van der Pol - Duffing oscillators. Broadband synchronization
Creators: name: Kuznetsov, Alexander P.
name: Roman, Julia P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The particular properties of dynamics are discussed for the dissipatively coupled van der Pol oscillators, non-identical in values of parameters controlling the Hopf bifurcation. Possibility of a special synchronization regime in an infinitively long band between oscillation death and quasiperiodic areas is shown for such system. Features of the bifurcation picture are discussed for different values of the control parameters and for the case of additional Duffing-type nonlinearity. Analysis of the abridged equations is presented.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures
Hydrothermal treatment of nickeliferous laterite with ferric chloride solutions
Creators: name: Munroe, Norman Donald Hollingsworth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The extraction of nickel and cobalt, from nickeliferous laterite, together with the hydrothermal precipitation of hematite has been investigated. In order to emphasize the relevance and significance of this process, an appraisal is made of the state of the nickel, cobalt and iron industries. A compilation of the annual production of the respective ores on the world market is included with an examination of the future uses and demand of nickel and cobalt. Solubility relationships for iron (III) compounds in aqueous solution are reviewed in terms of pH, solution composition and temperature. The thermodynamic data used at elevated temperatures between 60°C (333°K) and 200°C (473°K) have been estimated by using the "Entropy correspondence principle" method of Criss and Coble. A sample calculation is shown in Appendix A. The effects of (a) temperature; (b) ferric chloride concentration, (c) hydrochloric acid concentration and (d) pulp density were studied in order to evaluate extraction conditions. Generally, metal extraction increased with temperature and ferric chloride concentration. At 423°K, over 90 percent of the nickel was extracted with a ferric chloride concentration greater than 1M. Since appreciable amounts of gangue dissolved under most conditions, thereby consuming acid, a discussion on the recovery of hydrochloric acid is presented. Filtration of the precipitated hematite has proved difficult, because of the very fine nature of the particles. An overview of the nucleation and growth of particles in supersaturated solutions has therefore been included. This phenomenon is used to describe the phase changes which occurred during leaching experiments, and to propose an approach by which coarser particles might be achieved.
Four-Wave Mixing in Ultracold Atoms using Intermediate Rydberg States
Creators: name: Brekke, E.
name: Day, J. O.
name: Walker, T. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultracold Rb atoms were used to demonstrate non-degenerate four-wave mixing through a Rydberg state. Continuous 5S-5P-nD two-photon excitation to the Rydberg state was combined with an nD-6P tuned laser in a phase matched geometry. The angular dependence, spatial profile, and dependence on detuning were investigated, showing good agreement with theory. Under optimum conditions 50 percent of the radiation was emitted into the phase-matched direction.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures
The Fundamental Plane for early-type galaxies. Dependence on the magnitude range
Creators: name: Nigoche-Netro, A.
name: Ruelas-Mayorga, A.
name: Balderas, A. Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studying 3 samples of early-type galaxies, which include approximately 8800 galaxies and cover a relatively ample magnitude range ($$ $\sim 5$ $mag$), we find that the coefficients as well as the intrinsic dispersion of the Fundamental Plane depend on the width of the magnitude range within which the galaxies are distributed. We analyse this dependence and the results show that it could be due to the fact that the distribution of galaxies in the space defined by the variables $\log (r_{e}), _{e}, \log(σ)$ depends on the luminosity.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures. MNRAS. Accepted
The PUNCH4NFDI Consortium in the NFDI
Creators: name: Schörner-Sadenius, Thomas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Research data management
Particle physics
Astroparticle physics
Hadron physics
Nuclear physics
Astronomy
Digital research product
Science data platform
AAI
Services

description: In this presentation at the annual meeting of the DPG section "Condensed Matter", the NFDI consortium PUNCH4NFDI is introduced.
AGB stars as tracers of metallicity and mean age across M33
Creators: name: Cioni, M. -R. L.
name: Irwin, M.
name: Ferguson, A. M. N.
name: McConnachie, A.
name: Conn, B. C.
name: Huxor, A.
name: Ibata, R.
name: Lewis, G.
name: Tanvir, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wide-field JHKs near-infrared observations covering an area of 1.8x1.8 sq. deg. centred on M33 were obtained using WFCAM at UKIRT. These data show a large population of intermediate-age asymptotic giant branch stars (AGB). We have used both C-type and M-type AGB stars to determine spatial variations in metallicity and mean age across the galaxy. We distinguished between C-type and M-type AGB stars from their location in the colour-magnitude diagram (J-Ks, Ks). The distribution of these stars is supported by a cross-identification between our sample and a catalogue of optically confirmed, long-period variable stars, as well as with the list of sources detected by Spitzer in the mid-infrared. We calculated the C/M ratio and the orientation of the galaxy in the sky, and compared the Ks magnitude distribution with theoretical distributions spanning a range of metallicities and star formation rates (SFRs). The C/M ratio surface map confirms a metallicity gradient in the galaxy corresponding to a spread in [Fe/H]=0.6 dex with substructures in the inner and outer galaxy. Magnitude and colour variations suggest orientation and extinction effects on the galaxy disc. Maps showing the distribution of mean age and metallicity obtained from the Ks method suggest that: the outer galaxy disc/halo is metal poorer than the nuclear region and metal-rich clumps in the inner galaxy change location with time. The average outer ring and nuclear stellar population is ~6 Gyr old while central regions are a few Gyr younger.
description: 18 pages, 18 figures, accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysics
The alkaline sulphide leaching of tetrahedrite concentrate
Creators: name: Raudsepp, Rein
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: An inv estigation was made into the leaching of tetrahedrite concentrate . by strong sodium sulphide/sodium hydroxide solutions. The experiments were designed to avoid oxidation of the elements present and so,solubilize antimony as antimony (III) - sulphide complexes. Analytical techniques were developed for the analysis of caustic and sulphur species (S²⁻ , S⁰[sub x-1], S₂O₃ ²⁻and SO₃²⁻ ) in antimony-containing solutions. The quantity of antimony extracted from the tetrahedrite was found to be a function of both the sulphide and hydroxide concentrations. Sodium thioferrate, a reaction product of pyrite and sodium sulphide, was indicated as a leaching agent. The solid concentrate decomposition product was x-ray amorphous and colloidal. Though a positive identification of this material was not possible it was found that one iron and one sulphur were added to the product for each antimony extracted from the tetrahedrite. An analysis of literature stibnite solubility data was done and showed that below log [Sb] (M) = -0.7 . Sb₂S₄²⁻ is probably the predominant antimony (III) - sulphide complex in saturated soltuion at 25°C. Above log [Sb] (M) = -0.7 , Sb₄S₇²⁻ is the most likely predominant complex. The results of the leaching study are not directly applicable to commercial tetrahedrite leach processes where the solutions contain oxidized sulphur species, in particular polysulphide. Antimony leached in these processes exists as antimony (V) - sulphide complexes.
A simple class of N=3 gauge/gravity duals
Creators: name: Jafferis, Daniel Louis
name: Tomasiello, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find the gravity duals to an infinite series of N=3 Chern-Simons quiver theories. They are AdS_4 x M_7 vacua of M-theory, with M_7 in a certain class of 3-Sasaki-Einstein manifolds obtained by a quotient construction. The field theories can be engineered from a brane configuration; their geometry is summarized by a "hyperKaehler toric fan" that can be read off easily from the relative angles of the branes. The singularity at the tip of the cone over M_7 is generically not an orbifold. The simplest new manifolds we consider can be written as the biquotient U(1)\U(3)/U(1). We also comment on the relation between our theories and four-dimensional N=1 theories with the same quiver.
description: 1+22 pages, 3 figures. v2: minor corrections, references added
A Decentralized Framework for Serverless Edge Computing in the Internet of Things
Creators: name: Cicconetti, Claudio
name: Conti, Marco
name: Passarella, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Serverless computing is becoming widely adopted among cloud providers, thus making increasingly popular the Function-as-a-Service (FaaS) programming model, where the developers realize services by packaging sequences of stateless function calls. The current technologies are very well suited to data centers, but cannot provide equally good performance in decentralized environments, such as edge computing systems, which are expected to be typical for Internet of Things (IoT) applications. In this paper, we fill this gap by proposing a framework for efficient dispatching of stateless tasks to in-network executors so as to minimize the response times while exhibiting short- and long-term fairness, also leveraging information from a virtualized network infrastructure when available. Our solution is shown to be simple enough to be installed on devices with limited computational capabilities, such as IoT gateways, especially when using a hierarchical forwarding extension. We evaluate the proposed platform by means of extensive emulation experiments with a prototype implementation in realistic conditions. The results show that it is able to smoothly adapt to the mobility of clients and to the variations of their service request patterns, while coping promptly with network congestion.
title:  A LABORATORY AND NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE STRENGTH OF IRREGULARLY SHAPED PILLARS
Creators: name: Wedding, Zachary
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 2.7
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: Underground mining operations utilize the room-and-pillar mining method that extracts the orebody and creates ‘rooms’ and leaves the remaining in-situ material as ‘pillars’ to support the overburden. Room-and-pillar mines are traditionally designed in square or rectangular-shaped pillars. This work presents laboratory experiments testing the compressive strengths of specimens modeled after square and parallelogram-shaped pillars and numerical models of square and -parallelogram-shaped pillar systems. The uniaxial compressive strength of the specimens’ shape and the observations of the extent of the specimen core post-failure were analyzed. There was insufficient evidence from the laboratory experiments to conclude that there is a difference in strength between the specimen shape. The inconclusive evidence is a result of the high variance in strength between the specimens and this could be a result of improper preparation. However, there were observations in individual batches that suggested there is a difference in strength. It was concluded from the numerical modeling that the square pillars could bear a higher load than the parallelogram pillars.
description: 2023 Zachary Wedding
Pressure-induced electronic mixing and enhancement of ferromagnetic ordering in EuX (X=Te, Se, S, O) magnetic semiconductors
Creators: name: Souza-Neto, Narcizo M.
name: Haskel, Daniel
name: Tseng, Yuan-Chieh
name: Lapertot, Gerard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pressure- and anion-dependent electronic structure of EuX (X=Te, Se, S, O) monochalcogenides is probed with element- and orbital-specific X-ray absorption spectroscopy in a diamond anvil cell. An isotropic lattice contraction enhances the ferromagnetic ordering temperature by inducing mixing of Eu 4{\it f} and 5{\it d} electronic orbitals. Anion substitution (Te $\to$ O) enhances competing exchange pathways through spin-polarized anion {\it p} states, counteracting the effect of the concomitant lattice contraction. The results have strong implications for efforts aimed at enhancing FM exchange interactions in thin films through interfacial strain or chemical substitutions.
description: To appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
A Survey on Cost Types, Interaction Schemes, and Annotator Performance Models in Selection Algorithms for Active Learning in Classification
Creators: name: Herde, Marek
name: Huseljic, Denis
name: Sick, Bernhard
name: Calma, Adrian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Pool-based active learning (AL) aims to optimize the annotation process (i.e., labeling) as the acquisition of annotations is often time-consuming and therefore expensive. For this purpose, an AL strategy queries annotations intelligently from annotators to train a high-performance classification model at a low annotation cost. Traditional AL strategies operate in an idealized framework. They assume a single, omniscient annotator who never gets tired and charges uniformly regardless of query difficulty. However, in real-world applications, we often face human annotators, e.g., crowd or in-house workers, who make annotation mistakes and can be reluctant to respond if tired or faced with complex queries. Recently, a wide range of novel AL strategies has been proposed to address these issues. They differ in at least one of the following three central aspects from traditional AL: (1) They explicitly consider (multiple) human annotators whose performances can be affected by various factors, such as missing expertise. (2) They generalize the interaction with human annotators by considering different query and annotation types, such as asking an annotator for feedback on an inferred classification rule. (3) They take more complex cost schemes regarding annotations and misclassifications into account. This survey provides an overview of these AL strategies and refers to them as real-world AL. Therefore, we introduce a general real-world AL strategy as part of a learning cycle and use its elements, e.g., the query and annotator selection algorithm, to categorize about 60 real-world AL strategies. Finally, we outline possible directions for future research in the field of AL.
Coopetition methodology for resource sharing in distributed OFDM-based cognitive radio networks
Creators: name: Parzy, Marcin
name: Bogucka, Hanna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we present a distributed resource allocation mechanism in cognitive radio networks, based on a new coopeti-tion methodology, which combines advantages of nodes competition and cooperation. We postulate that this new method allows for fully distributed resource management between cognitive radio devices. The presented framework is generic, however, we consider it for the application in OFDMA networks. Coopetition takes the best from cooperative and competitive problem formulation and provides the opportunity to control the balance between fairness and spectral efficiency (SE) of resource allocation. Simulation results confirm that coopetition allows for efficient resource utilization, and may be used practically in wireless cognitive networks.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures
DNA BARCODING - A Diagnostic Tool for Parasitic Diseases
Creators: name: Indu Yadav1*, Dushyant Yadav2, M. Vijayasarthi3
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2023

description: DNA Barcode is short gene sequence taken from standardized portions, of the genome used to identify species on the basis of their nuclear 18S and 28S rRNA genes, ITS1 and 2 regions, mitochondrial 12S , 16S ,30 rRNA, COI, COII, cytB, and ND1 gene etc. (Chan1 et al., 2022). These tpe of species identifications were also done by using molecular markers (e.g., allozymes, rDNA, and mtDNA) from long back (Avise, 2004).
The relation between star formation, morphology and local density in high redshift clusters and groups
Creators: name: Poggianti, Bianca M.
name: Desai, Vandana
name: Finn, Rose
name: Bamford, Steven
name: De Lucia, Gabriella
name: Varela, Jesus
name: Aragon-Salamanca, Alfonso
name: Halliday, Claire
name: Noll, Stefan
name: Saglia, Roberto
name: Zaritsky, Dennis
name: Best, Philip
name: Clowe, Douglas
name: Milvang-Jensen, Bo
name: Jablonka, Pascale
name: Pello, Roser
name: Rudnick, Gregory
name: Simard, Luc
name: von der Linden, Anja
name: White, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate how the [OII] properties and the morphologies of galaxies in clusters and groups at z=0.4-0.8 depend on projected local galaxy density, and compare with the field at similar redshifts and clusters at low-z. In both nearby and distant clusters, higher-density regions contain proportionally fewer star-forming galaxies, and the average [OII] equivalent width of star-forming galaxies is independent of local density. However, in distant clusters the average current star formation rate (SFR) in star-forming galaxies seems to peak at densities ~15-40 galaxies Mpc^{-2}. At odds with low-z results, at high-z the relation between star-forming fraction and local density varies from high- to low-mass clusters. Overall, our results suggest that at high-z the current star formation (SF) activity in star-forming galaxies does not depend strongly on global or local environment, though the possible SFR peak seems at odds with this conclusion. We find that the cluster SFR normalized by cluster mass anticorrelates with mass and correlates with the star-forming fraction. These trends can be understood given a) that the average star-forming galaxy forms about 1 Msun/yr in all clusters; b) that the total number of galaxies scales with cluster mass and c) the dependence of star-forming fraction on cluster mass. We present the morphology-density (MD) relation for our z=0.4-0.8 clusters, and uncover that the decline of the spiral fraction with density is entirely driven by galaxies of types Sc or later. For galaxies of a given Hubble type, we see no evidence that SF properties depend on local environment. In contrast with recent findings at low-z, in our distant clusters the SF-density relation and the MD-relation are equivalent, suggesting that neither of the two is more fundamental than the other.(abr.)
description: 21 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ