cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
MOESM4 of Texture modified diet in German nursing homes: availability, best practices and association with nursing home characteristics
Creators: name: Burger, Carina
name: Kiesswetter, Eva
name: Alber, Rowena
name: Pfannes, Ulrike
name: Arens-Azevedo, Ulrike
name: Volkert, Dorothee
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 4: Table showing the knowledge of national recommendations for nutrition overall and according to the number of TM-levels and best practices for TMD.Â (DOCX 13 kb)
Clinopyroxene Dissolution Records Rapid Magma Ascent
Creators: name: Neave, David A.
name: Maclennan, John
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Earth Science
magma ascent rate
plumbing system
clinopyroxene dissolution
basalt
disequilibrium
Iceland

description: Magma ascent rates control volcanic eruption styles. However, the rates at which basaltic magmas ascend through the crust remain highly uncertain. Although recent studies have successfully exploited records of decompression driven degassing to estimate the rates at which H2O-rich basalts ascend, such approaches cannot readily be applied to primitive and H2O-poor basalts that erupt in ocean island and mid-ocean ridge settings. Here we present magma ascent rates obtained by modeling the dissolution of clinopyroxene crystals in a wehrlitic nodule from the primitive Borgarhraun lava flow in North Iceland. High-Al2O3 clinopyroxene core compositions are consistent with crystallization near the Moho (~800 MPa), whereas low-Al2O3 clinopyroxene rims and inclusion compositions are consistent with crystallization at or near the surface. We interpret low-Al2O3 rims and inclusions as the crystallized remnants of boundary layers formed by the dissolution of high-Al2O3 clinopyroxene during magma ascent. By combining characteristic rim dissolution lengths of 50–100 μm with published experimental calibrations of clinopyroxene dissolution behavior, we estimate that the Borgarhraun magma most likely decompressed and ascended at rates of 3.0–15 kPa.s−1 and 0.11–0.53 m.s−1, respectively. These rates are slightly faster than published estimates obtained by modeling the diffusive re-equilibration of olivine crystals, suggesting that the Borgarhraun magma either accelerated upwards or that it stalled briefly at depth prior to final ascent. Comparisons with other basaltic eruptions indicate that the H2O-poor magma that fed the dominantly effusive Borgarhraun eruption ascended at a similar rate to some H2O-rich magmas that have fed explosive eruptions in arc settings. Thus, magma ascent rates do not appear to correlate simply with magma H2O contents. Overall, our findings confirm that primitive and H2O-poor basalts can traverse the crust within days, and may erupt with little precursory warning of magma ascent.
Another look at redshift drift and the backreaction conjecture
Creators: name: Koksbang, S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Earlier studies have conjectured that redshift drift is described by spatially averaged quantities and thus becomes positive if the average expansion of the Universe accelerates. This conclusion is reevaluated here by considering exact light propagation in a simple toy-model with average accelerated expansion. The toy-model and light propagation setup is explicitly designed for concordance between spatial averages and averages along light rays. While it is verified that redshift-distance relations are well described by average quantities in this setup, it is found that the redshift drift is not. Specifically, the redshift drift is negative despite the on-average late-time accelerated expansion of the model. This result implies that measuring redshift drift signals at low redshifts gives the potential for directly falsifying the backreaction conjecture. However, the results are based on a toy-model so it is in principle possible that the result is an artifact and that redshift drift is in reality well described by spatially averaged quantities. The result therefore highlights the importance of developing \emph{exact} solutions to the Einstein equations which exhibit average accelerated expansion without local expansion so that the relation between spatial averages and observations can be firmly established.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in JCAP
Unraveling Myelin Plasticity
Creators: name: Bonetto, Giulia
name: Kamen, Yasmine
name: Evans, Kimberley Anne
name: Káradóttir, Ragnhildur Thóra
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Neuroscience
myelin plasticity
oligodendrocyte
oligodendrocyte precursor cell
myelin
glutamate

description: Plasticity in the central nervous system (CNS) allows for responses to changing environmental signals. While the majority of studies on brain plasticity focus on neuronal synapses, myelin plasticity has now begun to emerge as a potential modulator of neuronal networks. Oligodendrocytes (OLs) produce myelin, which provides fast signal transmission, allows for synchronization of neuronal inputs, and helps to maintain neuronal function. Thus, myelination is also thought to be involved in learning. OLs differentiate from oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), which are distributed throughout the adult brain, and myelination continues into late adulthood. This process is orchestrated by numerous cellular and molecular signals, such as axonal diameter, growth factors, extracellular signaling molecules, and neuronal activity. However, the relative importance of, and cooperation between, these signaling pathways is currently unknown. In this review, we focus on the current knowledge about myelin plasticity in the CNS. We discuss new insights into the link between this type of plasticity, learning and behavior, as well as mechanistic aspects of myelin formation that may underlie myelin plasticity, highlighting OPC diversity in the CNS.
Magnetic circular dichroism in hard x-ray Raman scattering as a probe of local spin polarization
Creators: name: Takahashi, Manabu
name: Hiraoka, Nozomu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that the magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) of the hard x-ray Raman scattering (XRS) could be used as an element selective probe of local spin polarization. The magnitude of the XRS-MCD signal is directly proportional to the local spin polarization when the angle between the incident wavevector and the magnetization vector is $135^{\circ}$ or $-45^{\circ}$. By comparing the experimental observation and the configuration interaction calculation at the $L_{2,3}$ and $M_{2,3}$ edges of ferromagnetic iron, we suggest that the integrated MCD signal in terms of the transferred energy could be used to estimate the local spin moment even in the case where the application of the spin sum-rule in X-ray absorption is questionable. We also point out that XRS-MCD signal could be observed at the $M_{1}$ edge with a magnitude comparable to that at the $M_{2,3}$ edge, although the spin-orbit coupling is absent in the core orbital. By combining the XRS-MCD at various edges, spin polarization distribution depending on the orbital magnetic quantum number would be determined.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures
The Treatment of Cartilage Damage Using Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: A Systematic Review of in vivo Studies
Creators: name: To, Kendrick
name: Romain, Karl
name: Mak, Christopher
name: Kamaraj, Achi
name: Henson, Frances
name: Khan, Wasim
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Bioengineering and Biotechnology
extracellular vesicle
mesenchymal stem cell
cartilage
tissue engineering
osteoarthritis

description: Damage to joints through injury or disease can result in cartilage loss, which if left untreated can lead to inflammation and ultimately osteoarthritis. There is currently no cure for osteoarthritis and management focusses on symptom control. End-stage osteoarthritis can be debilitating and ultimately requires joint replacement in order to maintain function. Therefore, there is growing interest in innovative therapies for cartilage repair. In this systematic literature review, we sought to explore the in vivo evidence for the use of human Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Extracellular Vesicles (MSC-EVs) for treating cartilage damage. We conducted a systematic literature review in accordance with the PRISMA protocol on the evidence for the treatment of cartilage damage using human MSC-EVs. Studies examining in vivo models of cartilage damage were included. A risk of bias analysis of the studies was conducted using the SYRCLE tool. Ten case-control studies were identified in our review, including a total of 159 murine subjects. MSC-EVs were harvested from a variety of human tissues. Five studies induced osteoarthritis, including cartilage loss through surgical joint destabilization, two studies directly created osteochondral lesions and three studies used collagenase to cause cartilage loss. All studies in this review reported reduced cartilage loss following treatment with MSC-EVs, and without significant complications. We conclude that transplantation of MSC-derived EVs into damaged cartilage can effectively reduce cartilage loss in murine models of cartilage injury. Additional randomized studies in animal models that recapitulates human osteoarthritis will be necessary in order to establish findings that inform clinical safety in humans.
Liriomyza venturensis Spencer
Creators: name: Lonsdale, Owen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Agromyzidae
Liriomyza
Liriomyza venturensis

description: Liriomyza venturensis Spencer
Figs 245–248
 Liriomyza venturensis Spencer 1981: 286. Spencer & Steyskal 1986: 132.
 Wing length 1.5mm (♂). Female paratypes not examined. Length of ultimate section of vein CuA 1 divided by penultimate section: 4.1. Eye height divided by gena height: 3.6. Scutum subshining.
 Chaetotaxy: Two ori, two ors. Acrostichal setulae in four rows.
 Colouration: Calypter margin and hairs brown. Head light yellow with antenna yellow, and back of head, ocellar triangle and clypeus dark brown; posterolateral corner of frons dark brown to base of outer vertical bristle and light brown to base of inner vertical. Scutum with complete lateral yellow stripe; katatergite yellow; anatergite dark brown below scutellum and brown lateral to scutellum with dorsum yellow. Anepisternum with broad oblique brown stripe; anepimeron with brown anterior and posterior mottling; meron brown on ventral 1/3; katepisternum brown on ventral 2/3 with small yellow emargination below bristle. Base of fore coxa and basal half of mid and hind coxae brown; base of femora (broadest on hind femur) and scraper on hind femur brown; tibiae brown with mid tibia slightly paler on distal and basal 1/3; tarsi brown, becoming paler to base. Abdominal colour unknown.
 Genitalia: Figs 245–248. Surstylus with one posterodistal spine. Paraphallus narrow and pale. Hypophallus short, strongly curved at midpoint. Mesophallus approximately as long as high, venter poorly sclerotized, and separate from distiphallus. Distiphallus cup-shaped, not much longer than mesophallus, and pale with base slightly darker and tapered; ovate in lateral view and with distal margin bulging in lateral view. Ejaculatory apodeme with blade pale, narrow and rounded.
 Variation: UCR material as described above except as follows: wing length 1.3mm (♂), 1.6–1.7mm (♂); eye height divided by gena height 4.5; body less robust and pigment faded; distiphallus slightly larger; abdominal tergites becoming yellowish laterally and posteriorly.
 Host. Unknown; tentatively-included material reared from Aster (Asteraceae).
 Range. USA.  California [Los Angeles*[?], Santa Barbara[?], Ventura].
 Type material. Holotype, USA. California: Ventura Co., mouth of Ventura River, 24.iv.1966, R. L. Langston, Type No. 14065 (1♂, CASC).
 Tentatively-identified material: USA. California: Los Angeles Co., Altadena, 31.vii.1945, x Aster, R.H. Smith (1♂ 2♀, UCR).
 Comments. The UCR material is only tentatively included in this species because of the smaller male wing size, faded colouration and slightly larger distiphallus. See comments for Liriomyza trixivora.
description: Published as part of Lonsdale, Owen, 2011, The Liriomyza (Agromyzidae: Schizophora: Diptera) of California 2850, pp. 1-123 in Zootaxa 2850 (1) on pages 111-113, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2850.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5287220
Asymmetric Optical Radiation Pressure Effects on Liquid Interfaces Under Intense Illumination
Creators: name: Casner, Alexis
name: Delville, Jean-Pierre
name: Brevik, Iver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Deformations of horizontal liquid interfaces by optical radiation pressure are generally expected to display similar behaviors whatever the direction of propagation of the exciting laser beam is. In the present experiment we find this expectation to be borne out, as long as the cw laser illumination is moderate in strength. However, as a striking contrast in the case of high field strengths, we find that either a large stable tether can be formed, or else that a break-up of the interface can occur, depending on whether the laser beam is upward or downward directed. Physically, the reason for this asymmetry can be traced to whether total reflection can occur or not. We also present two simple theoretical models, one based on geometrical optics, the other on wave optics, that are able to illustrate the essence of the effect. In the case leading to interface disruption our experimental results are compared with those obtained by Zhang and Chang for water droplets under intense laser pulses [Opt. Lett. \textbf{13}, 916 (1988)]. A key point in our experimental investigations is to work with a near-critical liquid/liquid interface. The surface tension becomes therefore significantly reduced, which thus enhances the magnitude of the stationary deformations induced.
description: 25 pages text, plus 6 figures. Discussion expanded. Submitted to JOSA B
Equation of state for systems with Goldstone bosons
Creators: name: Campostrini, Massimo
name: Hasenbusch, Martin
name: Pelissetto, Andrea
name: Rossi, Paolo
name: Vicari, Ettore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss some recent determinations of the equation of state for the XY and the Heisenberg universality class.
description: 5 pages, Proceedings of the Conference "Horizons in Complex Systems", Messina; in honor of the 60th birthday of H.E. Stanley
Lens spaces which are realizable as closures of homology cobordisms over planar surfaces
Creators: name: Sekino, Nozomu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We determine the condition on a given lens space having a realization as a closure of homology cobordism over a planar surface with a given number of boundary components. As a corollary, we see that every lens space is represented as a closure of homology cobordism over a planar surface with three boundary components. In the proof of this corollary, we use Chebotarev density theorem.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
Identification of a novel toxicophore in anti-cancer chemotherapeutics that targets mitochondrial respiratory complex I
Creators: name: Stephenson, Zoe A
name: Harvey, Robert F
name: Pryde, Kenneth R
name: Mistry, Sarah
name: Hardy, Rachel E
name: Serreli, Riccardo
name: Chung, Injae
name: Allen, Timothy EH
name: Stoneley, Mark
name: MacFarlane, Marion
name: Fischer, Peter M
name: Hirst, Judy
name: Kellam, Barrie
name: Willis, Anne E
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Research Article
Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
Cancer Biology
toxicophore
mitochondria
cardiac liability
Human

description: Disruption of mitochondrial function selectively targets tumour cells that are dependent on oxidative phosphorylation. However, due to their high energy demands, cardiac cells are disproportionately targeted by mitochondrial toxins resulting in a loss of cardiac function. An analysis of the effects of mubritinib on cardiac cells showed that this drug did not inhibit HER2 as reported, but directly inhibits mitochondrial respiratory complex I, reducing cardiac-cell beat rate, with prolonged exposure resulting in cell death. We used a library of chemical variants of mubritinib and showed that modifying the 1H-1,2,3-triazole altered complex I inhibition, identifying the heterocyclic 1,3-nitrogen motif as the toxicophore. The same toxicophore is present in a second anti-cancer therapeutic carboxyamidotriazole (CAI) and we demonstrate that CAI also functions through complex I inhibition, mediated by the toxicophore. Complex I inhibition is directly linked to anti-cancer cell activity, with toxicophore modification ablating the desired effects of these compounds on cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis.
MOESM3 of Texture modified diet in German nursing homes: availability, best practices and association with nursing home characteristics
Creators: name: Burger, Carina
name: Kiesswetter, Eva
name: Alber, Rowena
name: Pfannes, Ulrike
name: Arens-Azevedo, Ulrike
name: Volkert, Dorothee
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Table containing the availability of the different combinations of best practices for TMD.Â (DOCX 12 kb)
Praxisbeispiele der Stadt- und Regionalentwicklung in Wrocław
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universität Bremen
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Stadt- und Regionalentwicklung
subject: Wroclaw
subject: 910

description: Geländetage oder Exkursionen gehören zu den angestammten Lernformaten der Geographie. Sie werden durch die unmittelbare Auseinandersetzung mit Gegebenheiten vor Ort als besonders sinnstiftendes Lernen wahrgenommen. Der vorliegende Band ist im Kontext einer fünftägigen Exkursion nach Wrocław von Studierenden im Master „Stadt- und Regionalentwicklung“ an der Universität Bremen entstanden, die Anfang September 2024 durchgeführt wurde. Die Inhalte und Programmpunkte wurden maßgeblich von den Studierenden erarbeitet. Im Anschluss an eine kurze Einleitung finden sich sechs Kapitel zu folgenden Themen: (1) Erinnerungskultur und Herrschaftsansprüche: Welche symbolische Wirkung haben geographische Namen auf raumbezogene Identitäten? Das Beispiel Wrocław vs. Breslau (2) (Post-)Sozialistische Stadtentwicklung – Erkundungen am Beispiel des Stadtteils Szczepin in Wrocław (3) Street Art in Wrocław (4) Orte des Erinnerns: Die Jüdische Geschichte Wrocławs und ihre Gegenwart (5) Klimaanpassung in Wrocław - Das Beispiel des GrowGreen Projekts (6) Wer bestimmt, was sehenswert ist? Tourismus und Stadtentwicklung am Beispiel eines Stadtrundgangs durch Wrocław
Screening archaeological bone for palaeogenetic and palaeoproteomic studies
Creators: name: Kontopoulos, Ioannis
name: Penkman, Kirsty
name: Mullin, Victoria E.
name: Winkelbach, Laura
name: Unterländer, Martina
name: Scheu, Amelie
name: Kreutzer, Susanne
name: Hansen, Henrik B.
name: Margaryan, Ashot
name: Teasdale, Matthew D.
name: Gehlen, Birgit
name: Street, Martin
name: Lynnerup, Niels
name: Liritzis, Ioannis
name: Sampson, Adamantios
name: Papageorgopoulou, Christina
name: Allentoft, Morten E.
name: Burger, Joachim
name: Bradley, Daniel G.
name: Collins, Matthew J.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Research Article
subject: Biology and life sciences
subject: Earth sciences
subject: Social sciences
subject: FOS: Social sciences
subject: Ecology and environmental sciences

description: Funder: FP7 Ideas: European Research Council; funder-id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100011199; Grant(s): 295729
description: The recovery and analysis of ancient DNA and protein from archaeological bone is time-consuming and expensive to carry out, while it involves the partial or complete destruction of valuable or rare specimens. The fields of palaeogenetic and palaeoproteomic research would benefit greatly from techniques that can assess the molecular quality prior to sampling. To be relevant, such screening methods should be effective, minimally-destructive, and rapid. This study reports results based on spectroscopic (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy in attenuated total reflectance [FTIR-ATR]; n = 266), palaeoproteomic (collagen content; n = 226), and palaeogenetic (endogenous DNA content; n = 88) techniques. We establish thresholds for three different FTIR indices, a) the infrared splitting factor [IRSF] that assesses relative changes in bioapatite crystals’ size and homogeneity; b) the carbonate-to-phosphate [C/P] ratio as a relative measure of carbonate content in bioapatite crystals; and c) the amide-to-phosphate ratio [Am/P] for assessing the relative organic content preserved in bone. These thresholds are both extremely reliable and easy to apply for the successful and rapid distinction between well- and poorly-preserved specimens. This is a milestone for choosing appropriate samples prior to genomic and collagen analyses, with important implications for biomolecular archaeology and palaeontology.
Sprachgesundheit im Kindesalter - Erkenntnisse und Herausforderungen aus interdisziplinärer Perspektive
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Hochschule Bremen
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Sprachgesundheit
subject: Sprachförderung
subject: Sprachtherapie
subject: Kindliche Entwicklung
subject: Logopädie
subject: Inklusion
subject: Kinder- und Jugendmedizin
subject: Schule
subject: Sonderpädagogik
subject: HNO
subject: Pädaudiologie
subject: Phoniatrie
subject: Interdisziplinäre Versorgung
subject: Frühförderung
subject: Bildungsgerechtigkeit
subject: Früherkennung
subject: gesundheitliche Ungleichheit
subject: pädagogische Diagnostik
subject: 610

description: Die Publikation dokumentiert die Ergebnisse der Fachtagung 'Sprachgesundheit im Kindesalter', die am 27. September 2024 an der Hochschule Bremen stattfand. Sie befasst sich mit der Bedeutung einer gesunden sprachlichen Entwicklung als Grundlage für Bildung und gesellschaftliche Teilhabe. Während Sprachförderung im öffentlichen Diskurs bereits etabliert ist, bleibt das Thema Sprachgesundheit oft unzureichend berücksichtigt. Die Tagung brachte Expert:innen aus Wissenschaft und Praxis zusammen, um die aktuelle Versorgungssituation zu analysieren, Herausforderungen zu identifizieren und Lösungsansätze zu entwickeln. Drei methodische Ansätze – Fachvorträge mit anschließender Diskussion, ein interdisziplinäres Gruppeninterview und eine Online-Umfrage unter Teilnehmenden – bilden die Basis der Untersuchung. Die Ergebnisse zeigen Versorgungsdefizite und Barrieren im Zugang zu sprachtherapeutischer Unterstützung auf, die weitreichende Folgen für Kinder, Familien und die Gesellschaft haben können. Die Dokumentation bietet eine fundierte Grundlage für Fachkräfte und Entscheidungsträger:innen, um angemessene Maßnahmen zur Verbesserung der sprachlichen Gesundheitsversorgung im Kindesalter abzuleiten.
Wind and wave-driven capacity building sessions in the Aegadian Islands MPA
Creators: name: Gaglioti, Martina
name: Bianco, L.
name: Bevilacqua, A.
name: Marrone, G.
name: Bianco, G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 160401 Economic Geography
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography
subject: 160506 Education Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 160507 Environment Policy
subject: 160402 Recreation, Leisure and Tourism Geography

description: The Ocean Literacy is among the main goals of the UN ambitions and the sustainability objectives highlighted in the 2030 agenda. Even though in the majority of the cases the local stakeholders are subject to top-down initiatives driven by intergovernmental policies guidelines, at a local scale, in some specific circumstances, the capacity building initiatives can be easier than usual especially if supported by outstanding bottom-up initiatives. On this perspective there is a greater hope to overcome "the not in my backyard attitude" often perceptible toward every kind of conservation measure. In this way even the most difficult and unpopular measures can be accepted with an higher level of social awareness.
Additional file 1 of Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles exert pro-angiogenic and pro-lymphangiogenic effects in ischemic tissues by transferring various microRNAs and proteins including ITGa5 and NRP1
Creators: name: Łabędź-Masłowska, Anna
name: Vergori, Luisa
name: Kędracka-Krok, Sylwia
name: Karnas, Elżbieta
name: Bobis-Wozowicz, Sylwia
name: Sekuła-Stryjewska, Małgorzata
name: Sarna, Michał
name: Andriantsitohaina, Ramaroson
name: Zuba-Surma, Ewa K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1. Extended material and methods, additional tables and figures.
The cost and cost implications of implementing the integrated chronic disease management model in South Africa
Creators: name: Lebina, Limakatso
name: Kawonga, Mary
name: Oni, Tolu
name: Kim, Hae-Young
name: Alaba, Olufunke A.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Research Article
subject: Medicine and health sciences
subject: People and places
subject: Social sciences
subject: FOS: Social sciences
subject: Engineering and technology
subject: FOS: Engineering and technology

description: Funder: South African Medical Research Council; funder-id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001322; Grant(s): ID:494184
description: Background: A cost analysis of implementation of interventions informs budgeting and economic evaluations. Objective: To estimate the cost of implementing the integrated chronic disease management (ICDM) model in primary healthcare (PHC) clinics in South Africa. Methods: Cost data from the provider’s perspective were collected in 2019 from four PHC clinics with comparable patient caseloads (except for one). We estimated the costs of implementing the ICDM model current activities for three (facility reorganization, clinical supportive management and assisted self-management) components and additional costs of implementing with enhanced fidelity. Costs were estimated based on budget reviews, interviews with management teams, and other published data. The standard of care activities such as medication were not included in the costing. One-way sensitivity analyses were carried out for key parameters by varying patient caseloads, required infrastructure and staff. Annual ICDM model implementation costs per PHC clinic and per patient per visit are presented in 2019 US dollars. Results: The overall mean annual cost of implementing the ICDM model was $148 446.00 (SD: $65 125.00) per clinic. Current ICDM model activities cost accounted for 84% ($124 345.00) of the annual mean cost, while additional costs for higher fidelity were 16% ($24 102.00). The mean cost per patient per visit was $6.00 (SD:$0.77); $4.94 (SD:0.70) for current cost and $1.06 (SD:0.33) for additional cost to enhance ICDM model fidelity. For the additional cost, 49% was for facility reorganization, 31% for adherence clubs and 20% for training of nursing staff. In the sensitivity analyses, the major cost drivers were the proportion of effort of assisted self-management staff and the number of patients with chronic diseases receiving care at the clinic. Conclusion: Minimal additional cost are required to implement the ICDM model with higher fidelity. Further research on the cost-effectiveness of the ICDM model in middle-income countries is required.
MOESM1 of A screen-based simulation training program to improve palliative care of people with advanced dementia living in residential aged care facilities and reduce hospital transfers: study protocol for the IMproving Palliative care Education and Training Using Simulation in Dementia (IMPETUS-D) cluster randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Tropea, Joanne
name: Johnson, Christina
name: Nestel, Debra
name: Sanjoy Paul
name: Brand, Caroline
name: Hutchinson, Anastasia
name: Bicknell, Ross
name: Lim, Wen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Summary of the implementation strategies that will be conducted as part of the study.
Time-Dependent Reliability Method and Its Application in Mild Steel Pipelines
Creators: name: Zhang, Bohua
Publisher: name: RMIT University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 400505
subject: Construction materials
classificationCode: 401707
subject: Solid mechanics

description: This research investigates the analytical time-dependent reliability methods for nonstationary and non-Gaussian processes. Two new methods are proposed: one based on the transformation method and the other on a two-component parallel model. The efficiency and robustness of these newly developed methods are subsequently validated through analytical derivation, analytical examples and Monte Carlo simulation. Further, the improvements achieved by the proposed methods are demonstrated by performing comparative analyses with existing methods, including the Li–Melchers’ solution, PHI2+ method and MPHI2 method.
Additionally, to apply the proposed new methods for analysing the structural reliability of the fracture failure of ductile materials with elastic-plastic properties, a simple and effective test method is developed to determine the critical values of fracture parameters solely relying on uniaxial tensile tests. These critical values serve as critical barrier levels in the analysis of time-dependent structural reliability. Moreover, a comprehensive investigation is conducted to examine the influences of strain hardening on the evaluation of critical fracture parameters. By combining the newly developed analytical time-dependent reliability methods with the determined critical fracture parameter obtained from the developed test method, the probability of the corrosion-induced fracture failure of mild steel pipes is assessed.
This research emphasises the significance of incorporating nonstationary and non-Gaussian processes into analytical time-dependent reliability assessments for the accurate prediction of failure probability. It contributes to the existing knowledge of analytical time-dependent reliability methods pertaining to nonstationary and non- Gaussian processes, as well as fracture behaviours exhibited by elastic-plastic materials. Moreover, it enhances the application of time-dependent reliability methods for evaluating the structural integrity of ductile materials containing cracks.
Properties of a nonlinear bath: Experiments, theory, and a stochastic Prandtl-Tomlinson model
Creators: name: Müller, Boris
name: Berner, Johannes
name: Bechinger, Clemens
name: Krüger, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A colloidal particle is a prominent example of a stochastic system, and, if suspended in a simple viscous liquid, very closely resembles the case of an ideal random walker. A variety of new phenomena have been observed when such colloid is suspended in a viscoelastic fluid instead, for example pronounced nonlinear responses when the viscoelastic bath is driven out of equilibrium. Here, using a micron-sized particle in a micellar solution, we investigate in detail, how these nonlinear bath properties leave their fingerprints already in equilibrium measurements, for the cases where the particle is unconfined or trapped in a harmonic potential. We find that the coefficients in an effective linear (generalized) Langevin equation show intriguing inter-dependencies, which can be shown to arise only in nonlinear baths: For example, the friction memory can depend on the external potential that acts only on the colloidal particle (as recently noted in simulations of molecular tracers in water in Phys. Rev. X 7, 041065 (2017)), it can depend on the mass of the colloid, or, in an overdamped setting, on its bare diffusivity. These inter-dependencies, caused by so-called fluctuation renormalizations, are seen in an exact small time expansion of the friction memory based on microscopic starting points. Using linear response theory, they can be interpreted in terms of microrheological modes of force-controlled or velocity-controlled driving. The mentioned nonlinear markers are observed in our experiments, which are astonishingly well reproduced by a stochastic Prandtl-Tomlinson model mimicking the nonlinear viscoelastic bath. The pronounced nonlinearities seen in our experiments together with the good understanding in a simple theoretical model make this system a promising candidate for exploration of colloidal motion in nonlinear stochastic environments.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures changes v2: minor changes regarding abstract, and Fig. 11
A pragmatic and scalable strategy using mobile technology to promote sustained lifestyle changes to prevent type 2 diabetes in India and the UK: a randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Nanditha, Arun
name: Thomson, Hazel
name: Susairaj, Priscilla
name: Srivanichakorn, Weerachai
name: Oliver, Nick
name: Godsland, Ian F.
name: Majeed, Azeem
name: Darzi, Ara
name: Satheesh, Krishnamoorthy
name: Simon, Mary
name: Raghavan, Arun
name: Vinitha, Ramachandran
name: Snehalatha, Chamukuttan
name: Westgate, Kate
name: Brage, Soren
name: Sharp, Stephen J.
name: Wareham, Nicholas J.
name: Johnston, Desmond G.
name: Ramachandran, Ambady
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
Behavioural change
Diabetes prevention
Glycosylated haemoglobin A1c
Lifestyle modification
Mobile technology
Prediabetes
Screening
Short message service

description: Abstract: Aims/hypothesis: This randomised controlled trial was performed in India and the UK in people with prediabetes to study whether mobile phone short message service (SMS) text messages can be used to motivate and educate people to follow lifestyle modifications, to prevent type 2 diabetes. Methods: The study was performed in people with prediabetes (n = 2062; control: n = 1031; intervention: n = 1031) defined by HbA1c ≥42 and ≤47 mmol/mol (≥6.0% and ≤6.4%). Participants were recruited from public and private sector organisations in India (men and women aged 35–55 years) and by the National Health Service (NHS) Health Checks programme in the UK (aged 40–74 years without pre-existing diabetes, cardiovascular disease or kidney disease). Allocation to the study groups was performed using a computer-generated sequence (1:1) in India and by stratified randomisation in permuted blocks in the UK. Investigators in both countries remained blinded throughout the study period. All participants received advice on a healthy lifestyle at baseline. The intervention group in addition received supportive text messages using mobile phone SMS messages 2–3 times per week. Participants were assessed at baseline and at 6, 12 and 24 months. The primary outcome was conversion to type 2 diabetes and secondary outcomes included anthropometry, biochemistry, dietary and physical activity changes, blood pressure and quality of life. Results: At the 2 year follow-up (n = 2062; control: n = 1031; intervention: n = 1031), in the intention-to-treat population the HR for development of type 2 diabetes calculated using a discrete-time proportional hazards model was 0.89 (95% CI 0.74, 1.07; p = 0.22). There were no significant differences in the secondary outcomes. Conclusions/interpretation: This trial in two countries with varied ethnic and cultural backgrounds showed no significant reduction in the progression to diabetes in 2 years by lifestyle modification using SMS messaging. Trial registration: The primary study was registered on www.ClinicalTrials.gov (India, NCT01570946; UK, NCT01795833). Funding: The study was funded jointly by the Indian Council for Medical Research and the UK Medical Research Council.
Proposal submitted to the USFWS Cooperative Recovery Initiative RFP that funded the March 2020 aerial survey for spectacled eiders
Creators: name: Rizzolo, Daniel
name: Stellrecht, Neesha
Publisher: name: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Year: 2021
Subjects: biota, environment, eiders, Spectacled Eiders, monitoring, Population and Habitat Evaluation/Projection

description: Proposal submitted to the Cooperative Recovery Initiative RFP that funded the March 2020 aerial survey for spectacled eiders.
Alien limb in the corticobasal syndrome: phenomenological characteristics and relationship to apraxia
Creators: name: Lewis-Smith, David J.
name: Wolpe, Noham
name: Ghosh, Boyd C. P.
name: Rowe, James B.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Original Communication
Alien limb syndrome
Anarchic hand syndrome
Apraxia
Corticobasal syndrome
Volition
Sense of ownership
Sense of agency

description: Funder: National Institute for Health Research; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000272
description: Funder: James S. McDonnell Foundation; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000913
description: Abstract: Alien limb refers to movements that seem purposeful but are independent of patients’ reported intentions. Alien limb often co-occurs with apraxia in the corticobasal syndrome, and anatomical and phenomenological comparisons have led to the suggestion that alien limb and apraxia may be causally related as failures of goal-directed movements. Here, we characterised the nature of alien limb symptoms in patients with the corticobasal syndrome (n = 30) and their relationship to limb apraxia. Twenty-five patients with progressive supranuclear palsy Richardson syndrome served as a disease control group. Structured examinations of praxis, motor function, cognition and alien limb were undertaken in patients attending a regional specialist clinic. Twenty-eight patients with corticobasal syndrome (93%) demonstrated significant apraxia and this was often asymmetrical, with the left hand preferentially affected in 23/30 (77%) patients. Moreover, 25/30 (83%) patients reported one or more symptoms consistent with alien limb. The range of these phenomena was broad, including changes in the sense of ownership and control as well as unwanted movements. Regression analyses showed no significant association between the severity of limb apraxia and either the occurrence of an alien limb or the number of alien limb phenomena reported. Bayesian estimation showed a low probability for a positive association between alien limb and apraxia, suggesting that alien limb phenomena are not likely to be related to severity apraxia. Our results shed light on the phenomenology of these disabling and as yet untreatable clinical features, with relevance to theoretical models of voluntary action.
Reaction-subdiffusion systems and memory: spectra, Turing instability and decay estimates
Creators: name: Yang, Jichen
name: Rademacher, Jens D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34A08, 34D20, 35B35, 35R11

description: The modelling of linear and nonlinear reaction-subdiffusion processes is more subtle than normal diffusion and causes different phenomena. The resulting equations feature a spatial Laplacian with a temporal memory term through a time fractional derivative. It is known that the precise form depends on the interaction of dispersal and reaction, and leads to qualitative differences. We refine these results by defining generalised spectra through dispersion relations, which allows us to examine the onset of instability and in particular inspect Turing type instabilities. These results are numerically illustrated. Moreover, we prove expansions that imply for one class of subdiffusion reaction equations algebraic decay for stable spectrum, whereas for another class this is exponential.
description: 37 pages, 48 figures
Additional file 1 of Resting energy expenditure, body composition, and metabolic alterations in breast cancer survivors vs. healthy controls: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Van Soom, Timia
name: Tjalma, Wiebren
name: Van Daele, Ulrike
name: Gebruers, Nick
name: van Breda, Eric
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table A. Criteria for defining metabolic dysfunctions. Table B. Estrogen suppression therapy.
Citizen Perspectives on Energy Issues in Canada: A National Survey of Energy Literacy and Energy Citizenship
Creators: name: Comeau, Louise A.
name: Parkins, John R.
name: Stedman, Richard C.
name: Beckley, Thomas M.
name: Comeau, Louise A.
name: Parkins, John R.
name: Stedman, Richard C.
name: Beckley, Thomas M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: energy alternatives
subject: energy transition
subject: public preferences
subject: social values
subject: trust
subject: citizenship
subject: literacy
subject: knowledge
subject: awareness

description: This national survey explores public perspectives on energy issues in Canada with a focus on preferences for energy sources, perceived and actual knowledge of energy systems, trust in energy-related organizations and sources of knowledge about energy issues. The survey also explores willingness to engage in energy related issues and general values and beliefs about energy systems. Conducted in the Fall of 2014, 3,000 respondents were randomly selected from an internet-based panel with quotas for gender, age, region, education, income, language and urban/rural differences. Survey results show that support for renewable energy sources is strong and awareness of energy saving options is also high. Regarding energy citizenship, although awareness of opportunities to participate in energy-related discussions is moderate, levels of participation are very low. Canadians express strong values toward environmental protection compared to explicit utilitarian uses of the environment and they worry that human interference with nature can produce disastrous consequences. Finally, policy considerations are provided to advance literacy and civic engagement on energy issues.
Sampling along reaction coordinates with the Wang-Landau method
Creators: name: Calvo, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The multiple range random walk algorithm recently proposed by Wang and Landau [Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 2050 (2001)] is adapted to the computation of free energy profiles for molecular systems along reaction coordinates. More generally, we show how to extract partial averages in various statistical ensembles without invoking simulations with constraints, biasing potentials or unknown parameters. The method is illustrated on a model 10-dimensional potential energy surface, for which analytical results are obtained. It is then applied to the potential of mean force associated with the dihedral angle of the butane molecule in gas phase and in carbon tetrachloride solvent. Finally, isomerization in a small rocksalt cluster, Na4F4, is investigated in the microcanonical ensemble, and the results are compared to those of parallel tempering Monte Carlo.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Household composition, income, and food-away-from-home expenditure in urban China
Creators: name: Bai, Junfei
name: Liu, Haiyan
name: Wahl, Thomas
name: Seale, James L.
name: Zhang, Caiping
name: Bai, Junfei
name: Liu, Haiyan
name: Wahl, Thomas
name: Seale, James L.
name: Zhang, Caiping
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Household composition
subject: Income
subject: Food-away-from-home
subject: Demographics

description: This paper examines the impact of Ontario’s Greenbelt legislation, a land use policy that permanently protects over 1.8 million acres of land from non-agricultural development, on farmers’ exit and investment decisions. A farm-level panel data set for 32,512 farms in Ontario is used to perform two econometric estimations: a correlated random effects Probit model of farm exit and a dynamic unobserved effects Tobit model of farm investment. The Greenbelt policy is found to have influenced both farm exit and farm investment decisions, with the impact varying depending on location within the Greenbelt. In particular, the results indicate evidence of a negative impact on farm investment, which is contrary to one of the objectives of the Greenbelt policy.
Retarding parallel components of a Mueller matrix
Creators: name: José, Ignacio San
name: Gil, José J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mueller matrix polarimetry constitutes a nondestructive powerful tool for the analysis of material samples that is used today in an enormous variety of applications. Depolarizing samples exhibit, in general, a complicated physical behavior that requires appropriate mathematical formulation through models involving decomposition theorems in terms of simpler components. In this work, the general conditions for identifying retarding incoherent components of a given Mueller matrix M are obtained. It is found that when the coherency matrix C associated with M has rank C = 3,4 it is always possible to identify one or two retarding incoherent components respectively, while in the case where rank C =2, such retarding component only can be achieved if and only if the diattenuation and the polarizance of M are equal. Since the Mueller matrices associated with retarders have a simple structure, the results obtained open new perspectives for the exploitation of polarimetric techniques in optics, remote sensing and other areas.
description: 4 pages