Pholcus bario Huber, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Bernard A. Huber
name: Joseph K. H. Koh
name: Amir-Ridhwan M. Ghazali
name: Kamil A. Braima
name: Olga M. Nuñeza
name: Charles Leh Moi Ung
name: Booppa Petcharad
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Pholcidae
Pholcus
Pholcus bario

description: Pholcus bario Huber sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D680CB67-1525-4263-B8D4-8E44E587C51E
Figs 97–100, 121–124, 128–130
Diagnosis
Easily distinguished from most similar known relative (P. tambunan Huber sp. nov.) by morphology of male palps (Figs 121–122; longer trochanter apophysis; more slender femur; distinctive structures on tip of procursus), by different shapes of frontal cheliceral apophyses (Fig. 120), and by longer epigynal scape (Fig. 123).
Etymology
The species name is derived from the type locality; noun in apposition.
Material examined
Holotype
MALAYSIA-BORNEO: ♂, ZFMK (Ar 15716), Sarawak, Bario, forest along river W of town (3.736°N, 115.437– 115.443°E), 1150–1250 m a.s.l., on underside of leaf, 30 Jul. 2014 (B.A. Huber, S.B. Huber).
Other material
MALAYSIA-BORNEO: 2 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀, ZFMK (Ar 15717–18), same data as holotype; 2 ♀♀, in absolute ethanol, ZFMK (Bor 232), same data.
Description
Male (holotype)
MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 3.9, carapace width 0.9. Leg 1: 34.5 (8.1 + 0.4 + 8.2 + 15.5 + 2.3), tibia 2: 5.3, tibia 3: 3.2, tibia 4: 4.7; tibia 1 L/d: 104. Distance PME-PME 370 µm, diameter PME 95 µm, distance PME-ALE ~35 µm; no trace of AME.
COLOR. Carapace whitish with dark median mark widening anteriorly and including ocular area and clypeus in upper part and laterally; sternum whitish; legs pale ochre-yellow with dark brown patellae and tibia-metatarsus joints; abdomen pale ochre-gray with black marks dorsally and laterally, monochromous ventrally.
BODY. Habitus as in Figs 97–99; ocular area slightly raised, each triad on additional short stalk directed towards lateral (Fig. 120); carapace without median furrow; clypeus unmodified; sternum wider than long (0.64/0.52), unmodified.
CHELICERAE. As in Fig. 120, with distinctive pair of frontal apophyses (large flat curved plates) and small rounded lateral humps; without modified hairs; without stridulatory ridges.
PALPS. As in Figs 121–122; coxa unmodified; trochanter with strong ventral apophysis; femur cylindrical, with two small retrolateral humps proximally and small ventral hump at half length; procursus with strong ventral ‘knee’, with distinctive small prolateral sclerotized process at 1/3 length (arrow in Fig. 121), distal half with large whitish area retrolaterally, tip complex with distinctive sclerites; bulb elongated, long appendix with distinctive prolateral process provided with small teeth, further teeth along ventral rim, proximal processes of appendix ‘guiding’ embolus between them; embolus long and weakly sclerotized.
LEGS. Without spines and curved hairs; few vertical hairs; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 2%; prolateral trichobothrium absent on tibia 1, present on other tibiae; tarsus 1 pseudosegments not seen in dissecting microscope.
Male (variation)
Tibia 1 in 2 other males: 7.8, 8.0.
Female
In general similar to male (Fig. 100) but carapace mark only in posterior half; ocular area dark as in male but clypeus light. Eye triads closer together than in male (PME-PME distance: 230 µm). Dark marks on abdomen less distinct. Tibia 1 in 2 females: 6.6 (both). Epigynum weakly sclerotized (Fig. 128), wide transversal plate with long scape directed towards anterior (Fig. 123); dark internal arch and lateral posterior structures visible through cuticle; internal genitalia as in Figs 124, 129, 130, with pair of highly distinctive three-layered telescopic tubes.
Natural history
All specimens were found in one small section of forest along a small river. No further specimens were found in two days of intensive search. They built barely visible webs on the undersides of live leaves, and often shared webs with large numbers of Diptera (Cecidomyiidae, in ZFMK).
Distribution
Known from type locality in northern Borneo (Sarawak) only (Fig. 1).
description: Published as part of Bernard A. Huber, Joseph K. H. Koh, Amir-Ridhwan M. Ghazali, Kamil A. Braima, Olga M. Nuñeza, Charles Leh Moi Ung & Booppa Petcharad, 2016, New leaf- and litter-dwelling species of the genus Pholcus from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Pholcidae), pp. 1-45 in European Journal of Taxonomy 200 (200) on pages 31-33, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2016.200, http://zenodo.org/record/897219