cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Use of the bias-corrected parametric bootstrap in sensitivity testing/analysis to construct confidence bounds with accurate levels of coverage
Creators: name: Thomas, Edward V.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Sensitivity testing often involves sequential design strategies in small-sample settings that provide binary data which are then used to develop generalized linear models. Model parameters are usually estimated via maximum likelihood methods. Often, confidence bounds relating to model parameters and quantiles are based on the likelihood ratio. In this paper, it is demonstrated how the bias-corrected parametric bootstrap used in conjunction with approximate pivotal quantities can be used to provide an alternative means for constructing bounds when using a location-scale model. In small-sample settings, the coverage of bounds based on the likelihood ratio is often anticonservative due to bias in estimating the scale parameter. In contrast, bounds produced by the bias-corrected parametric bootstrap can provide accurate levels of coverage in such settings when both the sequential strategy and method for parameter estimation effectively adapt (are approximately equivariant) to the location and scale. A series of simulations illustrate this contrasting behavior in a small-sample setting when assuming a normal/probit model in conjunction with a popular sequential design strategy. In addition, it is shown how a high-fidelity assessment of performance can be attained with reduced computational effort by using the nonparametric bootstrap to resample pivotal quantities obtained from a small-scale set of parametric bootstrap simulations.
Transferable-guided Attention Is All You Need for Video Domain Adaptation
Creators: name: Sacilotti, André
name: Santos, Samuel Felipe dos
name: Sebe, Nicu
name: Almeida, Jurandy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) in videos is a challenging task that remains not well explored compared to image-based UDA techniques. Although vision transformers (ViT) achieve state-of-the-art performance in many computer vision tasks, their use in video UDA has been little explored. Our key idea is to use transformer layers as a feature encoder and incorporate spatial and temporal transferability relationships into the attention mechanism. A Transferable-guided Attention (TransferAttn) framework is then developed to exploit the capacity of the transformer to adapt cross-domain knowledge across different backbones. To improve the transferability of ViT, we introduce a novel and effective module, named Domain Transferable-guided Attention Block (DTAB). DTAB compels ViT to focus on the spatio-temporal transferability relationship among video frames by changing the self-attention mechanism to a transferability attention mechanism. Extensive experiments were conducted on UCF-HMDB, Kinetics-Gameplay, and Kinetics-NEC Drone datasets, with different backbones, like ResNet101, I3D, and STAM, to verify the effectiveness of TransferAttn compared with state-of-the-art approaches. Also, we demonstrate that DTAB yields performance gains when applied to other state-of-the-art transformer-based UDA methods from both video and image domains. Our code is available at https://github.com/Andre-Sacilotti/transferattn-project-code.
Dynamical Stabilization of Multiplet Supercurrents in Multi-terminal Josephson Junctions
Creators: name: Arnault, Ethan G.
name: Idris, Sara
name: McConnell, Aeron
name: Zhao, Lingfei
name: Larson, Trevyn F. Q.
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Finkelstein, Gleb
name: Amet, Francois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamical properties of multi-terminal Josephson junctions have recently attracted interest, driven by the promise of new insights into synthetic topological phases of matter and Floquet states. This effort has culminated in the discovery of Cooper multiplets, in which the splitting of a Cooper pair is enabled via a series of Andreev reflections that entangle four (or more) electrons. In this text, we show conclusively that multiplet resonances can also emerge as a consequence of the three terminal circuit model. The supercurrent appears due to the correlated phase dynamics at values that correspond to the multiplet condition $nV_1 = -mV_2$ of applied bias. The emergence of multiplet resonances is seen in i) a nanofabricated three-terminal graphene Josephson junction, ii) an analog three terminal Josephson junction circuit, and iii) a circuit simulation. The mechanism which stabilizes the state of the system under those conditions is purely dynamical, and a close analog to Kapitza's inverted pendulum problem. We describe parameter considerations that best optimize the detection of the multiplet lines both for design of future devices. Further, these supercurrents have a classically robust $\cos2ϕ$ energy contribution, which can be used to engineer qubits based on higher harmonics.
A Proposed NFC Payment Application
Creators: name: Pourghomi, Pardis
name: saeed, Muhammad Qasim
name: Ghinea, Gheorghita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Near Field Communication (NFC) technology is based on a short range radio communication channel which enables users to exchange data between devices. With NFC technology, mobile services establish a contactless transaction system to make the payment methods easier for people. Although NFC mobile services have great potential for growth, they have raised several issues which have concerned the researches and prevented the adoption of this technology within societies. Reorganizing and describing what is required for the success of this technology have motivated us to extend the current NFC ecosystem models to accelerate the development of this business area. In this paper, we introduce a new NFC payment application, which is based on our previous NFC Cloud Wallet model to demonstrate a reliable structure of NFC ecosystem. We also describe the step by step execution of the proposed protocol in order to carefully analyse the payment application and our main focus will be on the Mobile Network Operator (MNO) as the main player within the ecosystem.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Design, Implementation and Iteration of a Digital Preservation Processing Workflow
Creators: name: Smallwood, Eamon James
name: Garcia, Marcelo
Publisher: name: KAUST Research Repository
Year: 2022

description: The poster presents a series of workflow diagrams used to design, implement, and iterate the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Archives digital preservation processing procedure. The processing procedure comprises a set of digital accessioning and ingesting steps, including virus scanning, quarantine, SIP generation, technical metadata capture, and SIP validation. The workflow diagrams plot the path of the processing procedure, from the initial high-level design to its current working state. The workflow diagrams were beneficial in demonstrating to both internal and external stakeholders the aim of the digital preservation services. Additionally, the workflows are vital in identifying and mapping steps in the preservation process suitable for automation.
Capacitação sobre as Fontes de Informação da BVS para a Rede Brasileira de Informação em Ciências da Saúde - 2021 - Seção V – Tema: Criação de Recursos Multimídia no sistema FI-Admin.
Creators: name: BIREME/OPS/OMS
name: Ragacini, Leonardo
name: Suga, Sueli Mitiko Yano
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Metodologia BVS
Red BVS

description: [PT] (5 de 6) Capacitação sobre as Fontes de Informação da BVS para a Rede Brasileira - 2021 Tema: Criação de Recursos Educacionais Abertos e Recursos de Multimídia no sistema FI-admin - Apresentado 08 de julho de 2021 Público alvo: Bibliotecários da rede brasileira que cooperam com a rede LILACS e BVS Leonardo Ragacini apresentou sobre "Recursos Multimídia" 00:00 →Abertura da sala - Sueli Suga 02:07 →Diferença entre Recursos Educacionais e Recursos Multimídia - por Elisabeth Biruel 03:06 →Objetivos 04:42 →Estrutura e vínculos de todo material educativo 13:34 →Critérios LORI- avaliação de REAS 13:40 →Registrar um REA no FI-Admin 22:40 →Catalogo de Recursos de Multimídia apresentado por Leonardo Ragacini 23:16 →Como Identificar e avaliar a qualidade de um recurso multimídia? 25:16 →Critérios de seleção de recursos multimídia 29:36 →Registrar o multimídia no FI-Admin 43:25 →Abertura para perguntas e respostas Visite a pagina geral para ter acesso as capacitações sobre outras fontes de informação da BVS e LILACS: https://lilacs.bvsalud.org/sessoes-virtuais-lilacs/capacitacao-sobre-as-fontes-de-informacao-da-bvs-para-a-rede-brasileira-de-informacao-em-ciencias-da-saude-2021/
Hierarchical Spatio-Temporal Change-Point Detection
Creators: name: Moradi, Mehdi
name: Cronie, Ottmar
name: Pérez-Goya, Unai
name: Mateu, Jorge
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Detecting change-points in multivariate settings is usually carried out by analyzing all marginals either independently, via univariate methods, or jointly, through multivariate approaches. The former discards any inherent dependencies between different marginals and the latter may suffer from domination/masking among different change-points of distinct marginals. As a remedy, we propose an approach which groups marginals with similar temporal behaviors, and then performs group-wise multivariate change-point detection. Our approach groups marginals based on hierarchical clustering using distances which adjust for inherent dependencies. Through a simulation study we show that our approach, by preventing domination/masking, significantly enhances the general performance of the employed multivariate change-point detection method. Finally, we apply our approach to two datasets: (i) Land Surface Temperature in Spain, during the years 2000–2021, and (ii) The WikiLeaks Afghan War Diary data.
Hall Coulomb drag induced by electron-electron skew scattering
Creators: name: Messica, Yonatan
name: Gutman, Dmitri B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the influence of spin-orbit interaction on electron-electron scattering in the Coulomb drag setup. We study a setup made of a time-reversal-symmetry-broken Weyl semimetal (WSM) layer and a normal metal layer. The interlayer drag force consists of two components. The first one is conventional and is parallel to the relative electronic boost velocity between the layers. This part of the drag tends to equilibrate the momentum distribution in the two layers, analogous to shear viscosity in hydrodynamics. In the WSM layer, the shift of the Fermi surface is not parallel to the electric field, due to skew scattering in the WSM. This induces a Hall current in the normal metal via the conventional component of the drag force. The second component of the drag force is perpendicular to the boost velocity in the Weyl semimetal and arises from interlayer e-e skew scattering, which results from two types of processes. The first process is an interference between electron-electron and electron-disorder scattering. The second process is due to the side jumps in electron-electron collisions in an external electric field. Both the parallel and perpendicular components of the drag are important for the anomalous Hall drag conductivity. On the other hand, for the Hall drag resistivity, the contribution from the parallel friction is partially cancelled in a broad temperature regime. This work provides insight into the microscopic mechanisms of Hall-like friction in electronic fluids.
description: 15 pages + 15 pages appendix, 5 figures
Systematic review and meta-analysis regarding maternal apelin in pregnant women with and without preeclampsia
Creators: name: Fuentes-Carrasco, Marta
name: Ruíz-Román, Rebeca
name: Savirón-Cornudella, Ricardo
name: Pérez-Roncero, Gonzalo
name: López-Baena, María T.
name: Pérez-López, Faustino R.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Aims: To investigate maternal circulating apelin levels in pregnancies with and without preeclampsia. Design and Method: Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies reporting circulating apelin in women who develop preeclampsia. We searched databases for appropriate studies published through December 2021, without language restriction. The quality of studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa-Scale. Data were pooled as mean difference (MDs) or standardized MDs (SMDs) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). A random-effects model enabled reporting of differences between groups, minimizing the effects of uncertainty associated with inter-study variability on the effects of different endpoints. Results: We identified a total of 122 studies, and ten of them reported circulating apelin in women with and without preeclampsia. Maternal apelin did not show a difference in preeclamptic compared to normotensive women (SMD: −0.38, 95%CI −0.91 to 0.15), although there was high heterogeneity between the included studies (I2 = 95%). Participants with preeclampsia had higher body mass index, lower gestational age at delivery, and birth weight. Preeclamptic pregnant women with higher BMI showed significantly lower apelin levels in the subgroup analysis. There was no significant apelin difference in the preeclampsia severity sub-analysis. Conclusion: There was no significant difference in apelin levels in pregnant women with and without preeclampsia.
Principal trend analysis for time-course data with applications in genomic medicine
Creators: name: Zhang, Yuping
name: Davis, Ronald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Time-course high-throughput gene expression data are emerging in genomic and translational medicine. Extracting interesting time-course patterns from a patient cohort can provide biological insights for further clinical research and patient treatment. We propose principal trend analysis (PTA) to extract principal trends of time-course gene expression data from a group of patients, and identify genes that make dominant contributions to the principal trends. Through simulations, we demonstrate the utility of PTA for dimension reduction, time-course signal recovery and feature selection with high-dimensional data. Moreover, PTA derives new insights in real biological and clinical research. We demonstrate the usefulness of PTA by applying it to longitudinal gene expression data of a circadian regulation system and burn patients. These applications show that PTA can extract interesting time-course trends with biological significance, which helps the understanding of biological mechanisms of circadian regulation systems as well as the recovery of burn patients. Overall, the proposed PTA approach will benefit the genomic medicine research. Our method is implemented into an R-package: PTA (Principal Trend Analysis).
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/13-AOAS659 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Non-resonant Diagrams for Single Production of Top and Bottom Partners
Creators: name: Roy, Avik
name: Andeen, Timothy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The search for Top and Bottom Partners is a major focus of analyses at both the ATLAS and CMS experiments. When singly produced, these vector-like partners of the Standard Model third generation quarks retain a sizeable cross-section that makes them attractive search candidates in their respective topologies. While most efforts have concentrated on the resonant mode for single production of these hypothetical particles, the most dominant mode at narrow widths, recent studies have revealed a wide and rich phenomenology involving the non-resonant diagrams. In this letter we categorically investigate the impact of the non-resonant diagrams on different Top and Bottom partner single production topologies and their impact on the inclusive cross-section estimation. We also propose a parameterization for calculating the the correction factor to the single vector-like quark production cross-section when such diagrams are included.
Distribution-Free Location-Scale Regression
Creators: name: Siegfried, Sandra
name: Kook, Lucas
name: Hothorn, Torsten
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: We introduce a generalized additive model for location, scale, and shape (GAMLSS) next of kin aiming at distribution-free and parsimonious regression modelling for arbitrary outcomes. We replace the strict parametric distribution formulating such a model by a transformation function, which in turn is estimated from data. Doing so not only makes the model distribution-free but also allows to limit the number of linear or smooth model terms to a pair of location-scale predictor functions. We derive the likelihood for continuous, discrete, and randomly censored observations, along with corresponding score functions. A plethora of existing algorithms is leveraged for model estimation, including constrained maximum-likelihood, the original GAMLSS algorithm, and transformation trees. Parameter interpretability in the resulting models is closely connected to model selection. We propose the application of a novel best subset selection procedure to achieve especially simple ways of interpretation. All techniques are motivated and illustrated by a collection of applications from different domains, including crossing and partial proportional hazards, complex count regression, non-linear ordinal regression, and growth curves. All analyses are reproducible with the help of the tram add-on package to the R system for statistical computing and graphics.
A comprehensive benchmark analysis for sand dust image reconstruction
Creators: name: Si, Yazhong
name: Yang, Fan
name: Guo, Ya
name: Zhang, Wei
name: Yang, Yipu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Numerous sand dust image enhancement algorithms have been proposed in recent years. To our best acknowledge, however, most methods evaluated their performance with no-reference way using few selected real-world images from internet. It is unclear how to quantitatively analysis the performance of the algorithms in a supervised way and how we could gauge the progress in the field. Moreover, due to the absence of large-scale benchmark datasets, there are no well-known reports of data-driven based method for sand dust image enhancement up till now. To advance the development of deep learning-based algorithms for sand dust image reconstruction, while enabling supervised objective evaluation of algorithm performance. In this paper, we presented a comprehensive perceptual study and analysis of real-world sand dust images, then constructed a Sand-dust Image Reconstruction Benchmark (SIRB) for training Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and evaluating algorithms performance. In addition, we adopted the existing image transformation neural network trained on SIRB as baseline to illustrate the generalization of SIRB for training CNNs. Finally, we conducted the qualitative and quantitative evaluation to demonstrate the performance and limitations of the state-of-the-arts (SOTA), which shed light on future research in sand dust image reconstruction.
Non-existence of a Hohenberg-Kohn Variational Principle in Total Current Density Functional Theory
Creators: name: Laestadius, Andre
name: Benedicks, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a many-electron system, whether the particle density $ρ(\mathbf{r})$ and the total current density $\mathbf{j}(\mathbf{r})$ are sufficient to determine the one-body potential $V(\mathbf{r})$ and vector potential $\mathbf{A}(\mathbf{r})$, is still an open question. For the one-electron case, a Hohenberg-Kohn theorem exists formulated with the total current density. Here we show that the generalized Hohenberg-Kohn energy functional $\mathord{\cal E}_{V_0,\mathbf{A}_0}(ρ,\mathbf{j}) = \langle ψ(ρ,\mathbf{j}),H(V_0,\mathbf{A}_0)ψ(ρ,\mathbf{j})\rangle$ can be minimal for densities that are not the ground-state densities of the fixed potentials $V_0$ and $\mathbf{A}_0$. Furthermore, for an arbitrary number of electrons and under the assumption that a Hohenberg-Kohn theorem exists formulated with $ρ$ and $\mathbf{j}$, we show that a variational principle for Total Current Density Functional Theory as that of Hohenberg-Kohn for Density Functional Theory does not exist. The reason is that the assumed map from densities to the vector potential, written $(ρ,\mathbf{j})\mapsto \mathbf{A}(ρ,\mathbf{j};\mathbf{r})$, enters explicitly in $\mathord{\cal E}_{V_0,\mathbf{A}_0}(ρ,\mathbf{j})$.
description: 7 pages
New constraints on CPT symmetry violation in charm mesons
Creators: name: Krzemien, Wojciech
name: Kmiec, Mateusz
name: Szabelski, Adam
name: Wislicki, Wojciech
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Small CPT-violating effects are admissible in several theories beyond the Standard Model of interactions. We analyse experimental data obtained with neutral flavoured meson mixing and place bounds on the scale of such phenomena. The constraints on the CPT-violating parameter $z$ are derived by reinterpreting the LHCb measurement of the time-dependent asymmetry in the Cabbibo-favoured $D^0 \rightarrow K^{-}π^{+}$ and $\bar{D}^0 \rightarrow K^{+}π^{-}$ decay rates. The bounds provided in this paper are two orders of magnitude stricter compared to the results obtained by the FOCUS Collaboration. Among other constraints, we report bounds on the difference in the decay widths and masses of the neutral D meson flavour states at a 95 % confidence level. The decay width difference is bounded by $(-4.7<δΓ_D<2.1)\times 10^{-16}$GeV. The mass difference lies within~$(-2.0<δm_D<2.0)\times 10^{-15}$GeV for 95% of $\text{arg}(z)$ values. The paper includes an assessment of the influence of CP violation on the results and a discussion of the future prospects.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Necessary condition for an Euler-Lagrange equation on time scales
Creators: name: Dryl, Monika
name: Torres, Delfim F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34N05, 49K05, 49N45

description: We prove a necessary condition for a dynamic integro-differential equation to be an Euler-Lagrange equation. New and interesting results for the discrete and quantum calculus are obtained as particular cases. An example of a second order dynamic equation, which is not an Euler-Lagrange equation on an arbitrary time scale, is given.
description: This is a preprint of a paper whose final and definite form is: Abstract and Applied Analysis 2014, Article ID 631281, http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/631281
"tab1.txt" of "Measurement of neutral current e+/-p cross sections at high Bjorken x with the ZEUS detector"
Creators: name: ZEUS Collaboration
Publisher: name: HEPData
Year: 2014

description: Link to detailed systematic uncertainty tables
description: DESY-HERA. Measurement of the neutral current (NC) cross sections up to Bjorken-X ~ 1 in electron/positron proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 318 GeV. These results are based on data collected during 2004-2007 with integrated luminosities of 187 pb-1 (E-P) and 142 pb-1 (E+P) which are factors of ten and two, respectively, larger than previous published high-x ZEUS results with which the present data overlap.
Influence of surfactant concentration on drop production by bubble bursting
Creators: name: Pierre, Juliette
name: Poujol, Mathis
name: Séon, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bubble bursting at the surface of the sea water produce drops and is the main source of sea spay aerosol. The mechanisms underlying the drops production from a single bubble bursting event have been intensively studied and the influence of the bubble size and liquid parameters (density, viscosity and surface tension) has been unified. However, despite the diversity of the surfactant molecules present in the oceans, their influence has been overlooked. In this paper we experimentally explore the influence of the surfactant concentration (Sodium Dodecyl Surfate - SDS) in a water solution on a single bubble collapse and subsequent drop production. We show that these surfactant molecules have an astonishing effect. In particular, we quantitatively show that they modify the bubble collapse, they induce less, smaller and faster drops and they can even completely prevent the drop production for a particular concentration. These results are presented in the existing dimensionless framework and they allow us to affirme that these effects are mainly a consequence of the surface tension gradients (Marangoni stresses) more than just the surface tension lowering. Finally, this study shows that the role of water contamination by surface-active agents is important and needs to be understood to improve the prediction of the sea spray aerosol.
Entanglement in spin-1/2 dimerized Heisenberg systems
Creators: name: Sun, Zhe
name: Wang, ZiaoGuang
name: Hu, Anzi
name: Li, You-Quan
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: We study entanglement in dimerized Heisenberg systems. In particular, we give exact results of ground-state pairwise entanglement for the four-qubit model by identifying a Z2 symmetry. Although the entanglements cannot identify the critical point of the system, the mean entanglement of nearest-neighbor qubits really does, namely, it reaches a maximum at the critical point.
Gamma-radiation in non-Markovian Fermi systems
Creators: name: Kolomietz, V. M.
name: Radionov, S. V.
name: Reznychenko, B. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gamma-quanta emission is considered within the framework of the non--Markovian kinetic theory. It is shown that the memory effects have a strong influence on the spectral distribution of gamma-quanta in the case of long-time relaxation regime. It is shown that the gamma-radiation can be used as a probe for both the time-reversible hindrance force and the dissipative friction caused by the memory integral.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:nucl-th/9607054
Motion of a weakly charged rotating black hole in a homogeneous electromagnetic field
Creators: name: Frolov, Valeri P.
name: Koek, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we consider a rotating black hole with electric and magnetic monopole charges that moves in a static homogeneous electromagnetic field. We assume that both the charges and the fields are weak, so that they have no effect on the spacetime geometry, which is described by the Kerr metric. We present exact solutions to Maxwell's equations describing the field of a charged rotating black hole moving in an external field background. We use these solutions to calculate the energy, momentum, and angular momentum fluxes of the electromagnetic field into the black hole. Using these results, we obtain expressions for the torque and force acting on the moving charged rotating black hole arising as a result of its interaction with the external electromagnetic field. We calculate these quantities both in the frame comoving with the black hole and in the frame of the external background field. We use this result to derive the equations that govern the change in the black hole's mass and spin, as well as the motion of the black hole. We provide exact solutions for specific cases which illustrate the role of charge and spin on the motion of the black hole.
description: 12 pages
Predictability and Surprise in Large Generative Models
Creators: name: Ganguli, Deep
name: Hernandez, Danny
name: Lovitt, Liane
name: DasSarma, Nova
name: Henighan, Tom
name: Jones, Andy
name: Joseph, Nicholas
name: Kernion, Jackson
name: Mann, Ben
name: Askell, Amanda
name: Bai, Yuntao
name: Chen, Anna
name: Conerly, Tom
name: Drain, Dawn
name: Elhage, Nelson
name: Showk, Sheer El
name: Fort, Stanislav
name: Hatfield-Dodds, Zac
name: Johnston, Scott
name: Kravec, Shauna
name: Nanda, Neel
name: Ndousse, Kamal
name: Olsson, Catherine
name: Amodei, Daniela
name: Amodei, Dario
name: Brown, Tom
name: Kaplan, Jared
name: McCandlish, Sam
name: Olah, Chris
name: Clark, Jack
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Large-scale pre-training has recently emerged as a technique for creating capable, general purpose, generative models such as GPT-3, Megatron-Turing NLG, Gopher, and many others. In this paper, we highlight a counterintuitive property of such models and discuss the policy implications of this property. Namely, these generative models have an unusual combination of predictable loss on a broad training distribution (as embodied in their "scaling laws"), and unpredictable specific capabilities, inputs, and outputs. We believe that the high-level predictability and appearance of useful capabilities drives rapid development of such models, while the unpredictable qualities make it difficult to anticipate the consequences of model deployment. We go through examples of how this combination can lead to socially harmful behavior with examples from the literature and real world observations, and we also perform two novel experiments to illustrate our point about harms from unpredictability. Furthermore, we analyze how these conflicting properties combine to give model developers various motivations for deploying these models, and challenges that can hinder deployment. We conclude with a list of possible interventions the AI community may take to increase the chance of these models having a beneficial impact. We intend this paper to be useful to policymakers who want to understand and regulate AI systems, technologists who care about the potential policy impact of their work, and academics who want to analyze, critique, and potentially develop large generative models.
description: Updated to reflect the version submitted (and accepted) to ACM FAccT '22. This update incorporates feedback from peer-review and fixes minor typos. See open access FAccT conference version at: https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3531146.3533229
Search for Higgs boson decays to a photon and a Z boson in pp collisions at sqrt(s)=7 and 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search is reported for a neutral Higgs boson in the decay channel H->Z gamma, Z->l+l- (l=e, mu), using 4.5 fb-1 of pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV and 20.3 fb-1 of pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV, recorded by the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The observed distribution of the invariant mass of the three final-state particles, m(llgamma), is consistent with the Standard Model hypothesis in the investigated mass range of 120-150 GeV. For a Higgs boson with a mass of 125.5 GeV, the observed upper limit at the 95% confidence level is 11 times the Standard Model expectation. Upper limits are set on the cross section times branching ratio of a neutral Higgs boson with mass in the range 120-150 GeV between 0.13 and 0.5 pb for sqrt(s)=8 TeV at 95% confidence level.
description: 9 pages plus author list (20 pages total), 3 figures, 2 tables, submitted to Physics Letters B. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HIGG-2013-05/
Music Enculturation: A Systematic Review Protocol
Creators: name: Pinto, Diego
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Music Education
subject: Music Practice
subject: Arts and Humanities
subject: Education
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Ethnomusicology
subject: Art Education
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Music
subject: Sociology
subject: Music Performance
subject: transculturation
subject: music learning
subject: acculturation
subject: cross-cultural
subject: bimusicality

description: Systematic Review protocol using PRISMA-P 2015
Testing screened modified gravity with SDSS-IV-MaNGA
Creators: name: Landim, Ricardo G.
name: Desmond, Harry
name: Koyama, Kazuya
name: Penny, Samantha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fifth forces are ubiquitous in modified gravity theories, and must be screened to evade stringent local tests. This can introduce unusual behaviour in galaxy phenomenology by affecting galaxies' components differently. Here we use the SDSS-IV-MaNGA dataset to search for a systematic excess of gas circular velocity over stellar circular velocity, expected in thin-shell-screened theories in the partially screened regime. Accounting for asymmetric drift and calibrating our model on screened subsamples, we find no significant evidence for a screened fifth force. We bound the fifth-force strength to $ΔG/G_\text{N} < 0.1$ for all astrophysical ranges, strengthening to $\sim$0.01 at Compton wavelength of 3 Mpc for the Hu-Sawicki model, for instance. This implies a stringent constraint on scalar-tensor theories, for example $f_{\mathcal{R}0} \lesssim 10^{-8}$ in Hu-Sawicki $f(\mathcal{R})$ gravity.
description: Version accepted for publication in MNRAS. 13 pages, 18 figures, 2 tables, references added
MPEC 2023-U297 : 2023 UO10
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 UO10

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Time-dependent C-operators as Lewis-Riesenfeld invariants in non-Hermitian theories
Creators: name: Fring, Andreas
name: Taira, Takanobu
name: Tenney, Rebecca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: ${\cal C}$-operators were introduced as involution operators in non-Hermitian theories that commute with the time-independent Hamiltonians and the parity/time-reversal operator. Here we propose a definition for time-dependent ${\cal C}(t)$-operators and demonstrate that for a particular signature they may be expanded in terms of time-dependent biorthonormal left and right eigenvectors of Lewis-Riesenfeld invariants. The vanishing commutation relation between the ${\cal C}$-operator and the Hamiltonian in the time-independent case is replaced by the Lewis-Riesenfeld equation in the time-dependent scenario. Thus, ${\cal C}(t)$-operators are always Lewis-Riesenfeld invariants, whereas the inverse is only true in certain circumstances. We demonstrate the working of the generalities for a non-Hermitian two-level matrix Hamiltonian. We show that solutions for ${\cal C}(t)$ and the time-dependent metric operator may be found that hold in all three ${\cal PT}$-regimes, i.e., the ${\cal PT}$-regime, the spontaneously broken ${\cal PT}$-regime and at the exceptional point.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure
Biuve Zamora-Silva & Malaquias, 2018, GEN. NOV.
Creators: name: Zamora-Silva, Andrea
name: Malaquias, Manuel António E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Cephalaspidea
Aglajidae
Biuve

description: GENUS BIUVE GEN. NOV.
(FIGS 3B, 5I; TABLES 1 AND 2)
Type species: Chelidonura fulvipunctata Baba, 1938. By subsequent designation.
Diagnosis: Live animals up to 30 mm in length. Body narrow, elongate, flat; cephalic shield larger than the posterior shield; anterior edge of cephalic shield trilobed, lobes rounded; posterior shield with two asymmetrical caudal lobes, right one short, nearly inconspicuous, and rounded, left prolonged, thin, flagellum-like. Whitish W-shaped mark on cephalic region (autapomorphy) (Fig. 3B). Shell spoon-shaped with prolonged, semi-wide open whorl, solid, yellowish-white, oldest region brown (Fig. 5I). Buccal bulb reduced; penial papilla cylindrical, longer than prostate; prostate with single lobe, short and rounded (Baba, 1938; Rudman, 1974; Gosliner, 1987).
Type locality: Kii, Japan.
Etymology: The name stems from the presence of a W-shape mark on the head region of animals (Lat. bi = two or double; ‘uve’ Spanish name for letter ‘v’).
description: Published as part of Zamora-Silva, Andrea & Malaquias, Manuel António E., 2018, Molecular phylogeny of the Aglajidae head-shield sea slugs (Heterobranchia: Cephalaspidea): new evolutionary lineages revealed and proposal of a new classification, pp. 1-51 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 183 on page 38
Dust reverberation-mapping of the Seyfert 1 galaxy WPVS48
Creators: name: Nuñez, F. Pozo
name: Haas, M.
name: Chini, R.
name: Ramolla, M.
name: Westhues, C.
name: Steenbrugge, K.
name: Kaderhandt, L.
name: Drass, H.
name: Lemke, R.
name: Murphy, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using robotic telescopes of the Universitatssternwarte Bochum near Cerro Armazones in Chile, we monitored the z=0.0377 Seyfert 1 galaxy WPVS48 (2MASX J09594263-3112581) in the optical (B and R) and near-infrared (NIR, J and Ks) with a cadence of two days. The light curves show unprecedented variability details. The NIR variation features of WPVS48 are consistent with the corresponding optical variations, but the features appear sharper in the NIR than in the optical, suggesting that the optical photons undergo multiple scatterings. The J and Ks emission, tracing the hot (1600 K) dust echo, lags the B and R variations by on average 64 +/- 4 days and 71 +/- 5 days, respectively (restframe). WPVS48 lies on the known tau-M_V relationship. However, the observed lag is about three times shorter than expected from the dust sublimation radius r_sub inferred from the optical-UV luminosity, and explanations for this common discrepancy are searched for. The sharp NIR echos argue for a face-on torus geometry and allow us to put forward two potential scenarios: 1) as previously proposed, in the equatorial plane of the accretion disk the inner region of the torus is flattened and may come closer to the accretion disk. 2) The dust torus with inner radius r_sub is geometrically and optically thick, so that the observer only sees the facing rim of the torus wall, which lies closer to the observer than the torus equatorial plane and therefore leads to an observed foreshortened lag. Both scenarios are able to explain the factor three discrepancy between tau and r_sub. Longer-wavelength dust reverberation data might enable one to distinguish between the scenarios.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures, Published in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Room temperature operation of germanium-silicon single-photon avalanche diode
Creators: name: Na, Neil
name: Lu, Yen-Cheng
name: Liu, Yu-Hsuan
name: Chen, Po-Wei
name: Lai, Ying-Chen
name: Lin, You-Ru
name: Lin, Chung-Chih
name: Shia, Tim
name: Cheng, Chih-Hao
name: Chen, Shu-Lu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ability to detect single photons has led to the advancement of numerous research fields. Although various types of single-photon detector have been developed, because of two main factors - that is, (1) the need for operating at cryogenic temperature and (2) the incompatibility with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) fabrication processes - so far, to our knowledge, only Si-based single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) has gained mainstream success and has been used in consumer electronics. With the growing demand to shift the operation wavelength from near-infrared to short-wavelength infrared (SWIR) for better safety and performance, an alternative solution is required because Si has negligible optical absorption for wavelengths beyond 1 μm. Here we report a CMOS-compatible, high-performing germanium-silicon SPAD operated at room temperature, featuring a noise-equivalent power improvement over the previous Ge-based SPADs by 2-3.5 orders of magnitude. Key parameters such as dark count rate, single-photon detection probability at 1,310 nm, timing jitter, after-pulsing characteristic time and after-pulsing probability are, respectively, measured as 19 kHz μm^2, 12%, 188 ps, ~90 ns and <1%, with a low breakdown voltage of 10.26 V and a small excess bias of 0.75 V. Three-dimensional point-cloud images are captured with direct time-of-flight technique as proof of concept. This work paves the way towards using single-photon-sensitive SWIR sensors, imagers and photonic integrated circuits in everyday life.
description: accepted manuscript
Observations of the Solar F-corona from Space
Creators: name: Lamy, Philippe
name: Gilardy, Hugo
name: Llebaria, Antoine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observations of the solar F-corona from space are reviewed emphasizing the 25 years of continuous monitoring achieved by the LASCO-C2 and C3 coronagraphs. Our work includes images obtained by the Clementine cameras, and the STEREO/SECCHI/HI-1A and PSP/WISPR heliospheric imagers. The characteristic radiance profiles along the equatorial and polar directions follow power laws in the 5°-50° range of elongation, with constant power exponents of -2.33 and -2.55. Both profiles connect extremely well to the corresponding standard profiles of the zodiacal light. The LASCO equatorial profile exhibits a shoulder implying a 17% decrease of the radiance within 10Rsun that may be explained by the disappearance of organic materials within 0.3 AU. LASCO detected for the first time a secular variation of the F-corona, an increase at a rate of 0.46% per year of the integrated radiance in the LASCO-C3 FoV. This is likely the first observational evidence of the role of collisions in the inner zodiacal cloud. A composite of C2 and C3 images produced the LASCO reference map of the radiance of the F-corona from 2 to 30Rsun and, by combining with ground-based measurements, the LASCO extended map from 1 to 6 Rsun. The plane of symmetry of the inner zodiacal cloud is strongly warped, its inclination increasing towards the planes of the inner planets and ultimately the solar equator. In contrast, its longitude of ascending node is found to be constant and equal to 87.6°. LASCO did not detect any small-scale structures such as putative rings occasionally reported during solar eclipses. The outer border of the depletion zone where interplanetary dust particles start to be affected by sublimation appears well constrained at 19Rsun. This zone extends down to 5Rsun, thus defining the boundary of the dust-free zone where the most refractory materials, likely moderately absorbing silicates, disappear.
description: 85 pages, 42 figures, 5 tables
Impact of coherent mode coupling on noise performance in elliptical aperture VCSELs for datacom
Creators: name: Rimoldi, Cristina
name: Columbo, Lorenzo L.
name: Tibaldi, Alberto
name: Debernardi, Pierluigi
name: García, Sebastian Romero
name: Raabe, Christian
name: Gioannini, Mariangela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamical behavior of medium-size multimode VCSELs with an elliptical oxide aperture, selected for the best trade-off between high output power and modulation speed for datacom applications, with a focus on their relative intensity noise (RIN) performance. Our experimental results, collected for various VCSELs, outline the presence of several peaks in the RIN spectra within the bandwidth of the transmission system, which can limit the eye opening under direct current modulation. Here, we present a rigorous model to explain for the first time the origin of these peaks. In particular, the frequencies of the spectral RIN peaks are analytically described as the result of the non-trivial interaction among transverse modes by addressing the laser dynamics and the related noise features through a time-domain mode expansion approach, accounting for coherent effects in multimode competition, spatial hole burning, and carrier diffusion. The laser modulation performance is addressed through dynamical simulations with PAM2 and PAM4 modulations, which clearly demonstrate the potential for high-bitrate optical interconnects. Finally, we address the effect of the oxide aperture aspect ratio via electromagnetic simulations, demonstrating how the ellipticity affects the modal frequency detuning and the RIN, thus providing design guidelines for VCSELs with low RIN performance and outlining a clear roadmap for a substantially improved bandwidth-power trade-off in these devices.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures