cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
TeV gamma-rays and the largest masses and annihilation cross sections of neutralino dark matter
Creators: name: Profumo, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the interpretation of the recent results on the TeV gamma radiation from the Galactic center, including the new 2004 HESS data, as a by-product of dark matter particles annihilations, we address the question of the largest possible neutralino masses and pair annihilation cross sections in supersymmetric models. Extending the parameter space of minimal models, such as the mSUGRA and the mAMSB scenarios, to general soft SUSY breaking Higgs masses gives access to the largest possible pair annihilation rates, corresponding to resonantly annihilating neutralinos with maximal gaugino-higgsino mixing. Adopting a model-independent approach, we provide analytical and numerical upper limits for the neutralino pair annihilation cross section. A possible loophole is given by the occurrence of non-perturbative electro-weak resonances, a case we also consider here. We then show that a thorough inclusion of QCD effects in gluino (co-)annihilations can, in extreme scenarios, make neutralinos with masses in the hundreds of TeV range, well beyond the s-wave unitarity bound, viable dark matter candidates. Finally, we outline the ranges of neutralino masses and cross sections for models thermally producing a WMAP relic abundance, thus providing reference values for ``best-case'' indirect SUSY dark matter detection rates.
description: 37 pages, 13 figures; version to appear on Phys.Rev.D
Bazzania orbanii Pócs
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Jungermanniales
Lepidoziaceae
Bazzania
Bazzania orbanii

description: Bazzania orbanii Pócs,
Acta Biol. Pl. Agr. 1: 16, 2010 [2011] (see Pócs 2010a).
TYPE: “ Typus: SW Madagascar, Toliara Province, Isalo National Park, “Piscine naturelle”, a deep pool of a brook in a sandstone gorge, shaded by Pandanus pulcher trees, at 800 m alt., under overhanging streambank rocks, on soil. Coll. S. Orbán, 9455/J (Holotype EGR, Isotypes MO, TANA)”.
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2014, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2011 - 2012, pp. 61-85 in Phytotaxa 170 (2) on page 63, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779611
Quantum limits on noise for a class of nonlinear amplifiers
Creators: name: Epstein, Jeffrey M.
name: Whaley, K. Birgitta
name: Combes, Joshua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinear amplifiers such as the transistor are ubiquitous in classical technology, but their quantum analogues are not well understood. We introduce a class of nonlinear amplifiers that amplify any normal operator and add only a half-quantum of vacuum noise at the output. In the large-gain limit, when used in conjunction with a noisy linear detector, these amplifiers implement ideal measurements of the normal operator.
description: 8 pages + appendix. V2 ~ published version, including a new section on three mode amplifiers for measuring normal operators
THE ROLE OF EMOTIVE LANGUAGE IN SHAPING INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ENGLISH AND UZBEK
Creators: name: Rabbimova, Yulduz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This thesis explores the role of emotive language in shaping interpersonal communication in English and Uzbek. Emotive language, or language that conveys emotional content, is a key factor in influencing relationships, social dynamics, and communicative effectiveness. The study compares how English and Uzbek speakers use emotive language in personal and professional settings, analyzing its impact on communication style, relationship building, and conflict management. Through discourse analysis of everyday conversations and media samples, the research highlights cultural differences in emotional expression and examines how these differences affect interpersonal communication strategies. The findings reveal that while both languages utilize emotive language to foster relationships and express emotions, English tends toward direct emotional expression, whereas Uzbek employs more subtle, socially regulated forms of emotional language.
The Energy-Energy Correlation in the back-to-back limit at N$^3$LO and N$^3$LL$^\prime$
Creators: name: Ebert, Markus A.
name: Mistlberger, Bernhard
name: Vita, Gherardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the analytic formula for the Energy-Energy Correlation (EEC) in electron-positron annihilation computed in perturbative QCD to next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order (N$^3$LO) in the back-to-back limit. In particular, we consider the EEC arising from the annihilation of an electron-positron pair into a virtual photon as well as a Higgs boson and their subsequent inclusive decay into hadrons. Our computation is based on a factorization theorem of the EEC formulated within Soft-Collinear Effective Theory (SCET) for the back-to-back limit. We obtain the last missing ingredient for our computation - the jet function - from a recent calculation of the transverse-momentum dependent fragmentation function (TMDFF) at N$^3$LO. We combine the newly obtained N$^3$LO jet function with the well known hard and soft function to predict the EEC in the back-to-back limit. The leading transcendental contribution of our analytic formula agrees with previously obtained results in $\mathcal{N} = 4$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory. We obtain the $N=2$ Mellin moment of the bulk region of the EEC using momentum sum rules. Finally, we obtain the first resummation of the EEC in the back-to-back limit at N$^3$LL$^\prime$ accuracy, resulting in a factor of $\sim 4$ reduction of uncertainties in the peak region compared to N$^3$LL predictions.
description: 32 pages, many wonderful figures, 3 appendices, 7 ancillary files. v2: Journal version. Added regulator independent jet functions, comparisons with OPAL data and O(as^3) numerical fixed order results
Rectifiability of sets of finite perimeter in Carnot groups: existence of a tangent hyperplane
Creators: name: Ambrosio, Luigi
name: Kleiner, Bruce
name: Donne, Enrico Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 28A75, 49Q15, 58C35

description: We consider sets of locally finite perimeter in Carnot groups. We show that if E is a set of locally finite perimeter in a Carnot group G, then for almost every x in G with respect to the perimeter measure of E, some tangent of E at x is a vertical halfspace. This is a partial extension of a theorem of Franchi-Serapioni-Serra Cassano in step 2 Carnot groups: they have shown that, for almost every x, E has a unique tangent at x, and this tangent is a vertical halfspace.
description: 29 pages, final version
Bazzania tessellata Meagher
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Jungermanniales
Lepidoziaceae
Bazzania
Bazzania tessellata

description: Bazzania tessellata Meagher,
Nova Hedwigia 92 (3–4): 492, 2011 (see Meagher 2011).
TYPE: “ Australia – Queensland, Thornton Peak, P.Phillips s.n., 7 Oct 1986. HOLOTYPE: MELU-506. ISOTYPE: MEL ”.
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2014, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2011 - 2012, pp. 61-85 in Phytotaxa 170 (2) on page 63, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779611
Plasmon signatures in high harmonic generation
Creators: name: Zanghellini, J.
name: Jungreuthmayer, Ch.
name: Brabec, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High harmonic generation in polarizable multi-electron systems is investigated in the framework of multi-configuration time-dependent Hartree-Fock. The harmonic spectra exhibit two cut offs. The first cut off is in agreement with the well established, single active electron cut off law. The second cut off presents a signature of multi-electron dynamics. The strong laser field excites non-linear plasmon oscillations. Electrons that are ionized from one of the multi-plasmon states and recombine to the ground state gain additional energy, thereby creating the second plateau.
description: Major revision, 12 pages, 5 figures, submitted to J. Phys. B (2005), accepted
Mapping gaping lids : a mutation causing open eyelids at birth in mouse
Creators: name: Banks, Kathleen Grace
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Gaping lids (gp) is an autosomal recessive mutation that arose spontaneously in the C57BL/6-ax strain of mice and is now maintained in the inbred strain GP/Bc. The purpose of this study included the mapping of the gp mutation, analysis of its segregation after two outcrosses to normal (non-open eyelid) strains and characterization of the mutant phenotype. The main objective, to map the gp locus, was undertaken based on the hypothesis that the loci with mutations that cause open eyelids with simple Mendelian transmission patterns may also be loci involved in the open eyelids traits with more complex inheritance. Since these mutations are viable, they are good models for studying the interaction of multiple loci in a genetically complex birth defect. The gaping lids mutation was mapped close to the centromere at the proximal end of chromosome 11, employing PCR amplification of informative SSLP marker loci, initially using 41 gaping lids F2 progeny from a cross of GP/Bc to the normal strain CBA/J, followed by a refinement of the region using 23 gaping lids F2 progeny from a second outcross of GP/Bc to ICR/Be, another normal inbred strain. Based on the recombination breakpoints, gp is within 10 cM of D l lMit80 and 2 cM o f DllMit71. The epidermal growth factor receptor gene (Egfr) was also mapped to mid-chromosome 11 between DllMit226 and DllMitl51 , employing PCR amplification of SSLP markers, using mice carrying a null allele at this locus. This map location supports the finding that gp and Egfr are not allelic as determined by a complementation test between Egfr⁺/⁻ and GP/Bc. gp showed reduced penetrance, 82% and 33% in the outcrosses to CBA / J and ICR/Be, respectively, but it was determined that this was likely due to suppressors-of open eyelids loci introduced by the normal strains and not prenatal death of gp/gp progeny. The only phenotypic anomaly associated with this mutation appears to be eyelids at birth, due to failure of normal eyelid closure during late gestation.
[Brev til DKNVS]
Creators: name: Osten, Johan Vibe Von Der
name: Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskab (DKNVS)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1780

description: Ber om at VS igjen utsetter premie for arbeid på Reknes hospital
description: Brevet er undertegnet også av Marcus Frederik Bang. Polydoc nr. 1: 4428. Polydoc nr. 2: 209.
Probing spacetime foam with extragalactic sources
Creators: name: Christiansen, W. A.
name: Ng, Y. Jack
name: van Dam, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to quantum fluctuations, spacetime is probably ``foamy'' on very small scales. We propose to detect this texture of spacetime foam by looking for core-halo structures in the images of distant quasars. We find that the Very Large Telescope interferometer will be on the verge of being able to probe the fabric of spacetime when it reaches its design performance. Our method also allows us to use spacetime foam physics and physics of computation to infer the existence of dark energy/matter, independent of the evidence from recent cosmological observations.
description: LaTeX, 11 pages, 1 figure; version submitted to PRL; several references added; very useful comments and suggestions by Eric Perlman incorporated
Resummed Gluon Propagator and Debye Screening Effect in a Holonomous Plasma
Creators: name: Guo, Yun
name: Kuang, Zhenpeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the Dyson-Schwinger equation, we compute the resummed gluon propagator in a holonomous plasma that is described by introducing a constant background field for the vector potential $A_{0}$. Due to the transversality of the holonomous Hard-Thermal-Loop in gluon self-energy, the resummed propagator has a similar Lorentz structure as that in the perturbative Quark-Gluon Plasma where the holonomy vanishes. As for the color structures, since diagonal gluons are mixed in the over-complete double line basis, only the propagators for off-diagonal gluons can be obtained unambiguously. On the other hand, multiplied by a projection operator, the propagators for diagonal gluons, which exhibit a highly non-trivial dependence on the background field, are uniquely determined after summing over the color indices. As an application of these results, we consider the Debye screening effect on the in-medium binding of quarkonium states by analyzing the static limit of the resummed gluon propagator. In general, introducing non-zero holonomy merely amounts to modifications on the perturbative screening mass $m_D$ and the resulting heavy-quark potential, which remains the standard Debye screened form, is always deeper than the screened potential in the perturbative Quark-Gluon Plasma. Therefore, a weaker screening, thus a more tightly bounded quarkonium state can be expected in a holonomous plasma. In addition, both the diagonal and off-diagonal gluons become distinguishable by their modified screening masses ${\cal M}_D$ and the temperature dependence of the ratio ${\cal M}_D/T$ shows a very similar behavior as that found in lattice simulations.
description: final version, published in PRD
The ultradiscrete Toda lattice and the Smith normal form of bidiagonal matrices
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Katsuki
name: Tsujimoto, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discrete Toda lattice preserves the eigenvalues of tridiagonal matrices, and convergence of dependent variables to the eigenvalues can be proved under appropriate conditions. We show that the ultradiscrete Toda lattice preserves invariant factors of a certain bidiagonal matrix over a principal ideal domain, and prove convergence of dependent variables to invariant factors using properties of box and ball system. Using this fact, we present a new method for computing the Smith normal form of a given matrix.
description: The following article has been accepted by Journal of Mathematical Physics. After it is published, it will be found at (https://aip.scitation.org/journal/jmp). 14 pages
Excited Baryons in the 1/N_c Expansion
Creators: name: Matagne, N.
name: Stancu, Fl.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review results for the mass spectrum of orbitally excited baryons obtained in the $1/N_c$ expansion. We show the dependence of various contributions to the mass operator as a function of the excitation energy.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, based on a talk given by N. Matagne at the Workshop on the Physics of Excited Baryons (NSTAR 2005), Tallahassee, Florida, 12-15 October 2005
Slow dynamics of the Fredkin spin chain
Creators: name: Adhikari, Khagendra
name: Beach, K. S. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamical behavior of a quantum many-particle system is characterized by the lifetime of its excitations. When the system is perturbed, observables of any non-conserved quantity decay exponentially, but those of a conserved quantity relax to equilibrium with a power law. Such processes are associated with a dynamical exponent $z$ that relates the spread of correlations in space and time. We present numerical results for the Fredkin model, a quantum spin chain with a three-body interaction term, which exhibits an unusually large dynamical exponent. We discuss our efforts to produce a reliable estimate $z$=3.16(1) through direct simulation of the quantum evolution and to explain the slow dynamics in terms of an excited bond that executes a constrained random walk in Monte Carlo time.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures
Brevianthus flavus subsp. crenulatus J. J. Engel
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Jungermanniales
Brevianthaceae
Brevianthus
Brevianthus flavus
Brevianthus flavus subsp. crenulatus j.j.engel

description: Brevianthus flavus subsp. crenulatus J.J.Engel,
Nova Hedwigia 93 (3–4): 406, 2011 (see Engel 2011).
TYPE: “ Holotype: New Zealand, South Is., Westland Prov., Lake Kaniere Scenic Reserve, Lake Kaniere Rd, 125 m, Engel, von Konrat & Braggins 24815 (F); isotype: (CHR)”.
NOTE: This subspecies also creates the autonym.
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2014, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2011 - 2012, pp. 61-85 in Phytotaxa 170 (2) on page 63, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779611
The Derived Demand for Imported Cheese into Hong Kong
Creators: name: Ge, Jiaoju
name: Kilmer, Richard L.
name: Washington, Andrew A.
name: Ge, Jiaoju
name: Kilmer, Richard L.
name: Washington, Andrew A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
International Relations/Trade

description: The objective of this paper is to provide the U.S. dairy industry with empirical estimates of Hong Kong's derived demand for imported cheese from the U.S. These estimates were used to project the effects of the European Union (E.U.) subsidy reductions on the U.S. share of Hong Kong cheese imports. Hong Kong cheese imports from the U.S. were projected to increase by 16.96% if subsidy reductions continue at the same pace as the 1994 GATT agreement and 33.92% if reductions were twice the pace.
Entity Recognition from Colloquial Text
Creators: name: Babaian, Tamara
name: Xu, Jennifer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Extraction of concepts and entities of interest from non-formal texts such as social media posts and informal communication is an important capability for decision support systems in many domains, including healthcare, customer relationship management, and others. Despite the recent advances in training large language models for a variety of natural language processing tasks, the developed models and techniques have mainly focused on formal texts and do not perform as well on colloquial data, which is characterized by a number of distinct challenges. In our research, we focus on the healthcare domain and investigate the problem of symptom recognition from colloquial texts by designing and evaluating several training strategies for BERT-based model fine-tuning. These strategies are distinguished by the choice of the base model, the training corpora, and application of term perturbations in the training data. The best-performing models trained using these strategies outperform the state-of-the-art specialized symptom recognizer by a large margin. Through a series of experiments, we have found specific patterns of model behavior associated with the training strategies we designed. We present design principles for training strategies for effective entity recognition in colloquial texts based on our findings.
[Brev til DKNVS]
Creators: name: Tyrholm, Edward Mejer
name: Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskab (DKNVS)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1781

description: Bekrefter at han har overlevert to medaljer til Anders Erichsen Tretten og Fr. Stenersen Nesøen. Dette foregikk i kirken etter prekenen
Divergence-free Wavelets for Navier-Stokes
Creators: name: Deriaz, Erwan
name: Perrier, Valérie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we investigate the use of compactly supported divergence-free wavelets for the representation of the Navier-Stokes solution. After reminding the theoretical construction of divergence-free wavelet vectors, we present in detail the bases and corresponding fast algorithms for 2D and 3D incompressible flows. In order to compute the nonlinear term, we propose a new method which provides in practice with the Hodge decomposition of any flow: this decomposition enables us to separate the incompressible part of the flow from its orthogonal complement, which corresponds to the gradient component of the flow. Finally we show numerical tests to validate our approach.
description: novembre 2004
Dynamically Sampled Nonlocal Gradients for Stronger Adversarial Attacks
Creators: name: Schwinn, Leo
name: Nguyen, An
name: Raab, René
name: Zanca, Dario
name: Eskofier, Bjoern
name: Tenbrinck, Daniel
name: Burger, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The vulnerability of deep neural networks to small and even imperceptible perturbations has become a central topic in deep learning research. Although several sophisticated defense mechanisms have been introduced, most were later shown to be ineffective. However, a reliable evaluation of model robustness is mandatory for deployment in safety-critical scenarios. To overcome this problem we propose a simple yet effective modification to the gradient calculation of state-of-the-art first-order adversarial attacks. Normally, the gradient update of an attack is directly calculated for the given data point. This approach is sensitive to noise and small local optima of the loss function. Inspired by gradient sampling techniques from non-convex optimization, we propose Dynamically Sampled Nonlocal Gradient Descent (DSNGD). DSNGD calculates the gradient direction of the adversarial attack as the weighted average over past gradients of the optimization history. Moreover, distribution hyperparameters that define the sampling operation are automatically learned during the optimization scheme. We empirically show that by incorporating this nonlocal gradient information, we are able to give a more accurate estimation of the global descent direction on noisy and non-convex loss surfaces. In addition, we show that DSNGD-based attacks are on average 35% faster while achieving 0.9% to 27.1% higher success rates compared to their gradient descent-based counterparts.
Caudalejeunea tridentata R. L. Zhu, Y. M. Wei et Qiong He, Bryologist
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Porellales
Lejeuneaceae
Caudalejeunea
Caudalejeunea tridentata

description: Caudalejeunea tridentata R.L.Zhu, Y.M.Wei et Qiong He,
Bryologist 114 (3): 469, 2011 (see Zhu et al. 2011a).
TYPE: “ CHINA. GUANGXI: Shangsi Co., Shiwandashan National Forest Park, between Sanchahe and Zhujiangyuan, 21°53′695″ N, 107°54′459″ E, on tree base of Mytilaria laosensis Lec., 350 m, 22 August 2010, Rui-Liang Zhu, Yu-Mei Wei & Qiong He 20100822-3A (holotype: HSNU!)”.
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2014, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2011 - 2012, pp. 61-85 in Phytotaxa 170 (2) on page 63, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779611
Sets in Prikry and Magidor Generic Extensions
Creators: name: Benhamou, Tom
name: Gitik, Moti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We continue Gitik, Kanovei and Koepke's work and study sets in generic extensions by the Magidor forcing and by the Prikry forcing with non-normal ultrafilters.
description: Accepted to APAL (Revised version)
Spike-and-Slab Meets LASSO: A Review of the Spike-and-Slab LASSO
Creators: name: Bai, Ray
name: Rockova, Veronika
name: George, Edward I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: High-dimensional data sets have become ubiquitous in the past few decades, often with many more covariates than observations. In the frequentist setting, penalized likelihood methods are the most popular approach for variable selection and estimation in high-dimensional data. In the Bayesian framework, spike-and-slab methods are commonly used as probabilistic constructs for high-dimensional modeling. Within the context of linear regression, Rockova and George (2018) introduced the spike-and-slab LASSO (SSL), an approach based on a prior which provides a continuum between the penalized likelihood LASSO and the Bayesian point-mass spike-and-slab formulations. Since its inception, the spike-and-slab LASSO has been extended to a variety of contexts, including generalized linear models, factor analysis, graphical models, and nonparametric regression. The goal of this paper is to survey the landscape surrounding spike-and-slab LASSO methodology. First we elucidate the attractive properties and the computational tractability of SSL priors in high dimensions. We then review methodological developments of the SSL and outline several theoretical developments. We illustrate the methodology on both simulated and real datasets.
description: 34 pages, 2 tables, 3 figures. Section 3.3 was added to illustrate the method
Dispersion relation for electromagnetic wave propagation in a strongly magnetized plasma
Creators: name: Marklund, G. Brodin M.
name: Stenflo, L.
name: Shukla, P. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A dispersion relation for electromagnetic wave propagation in a strongly magnetized cold plasma is deduced, taking photon-photon scattering into account. It is shown that the combined plasma and quantum electrodynamic effect is important for understanding the mode-structures in magnetar and pulsar atmospheres. The implications of our results are discussed.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, to appear in New Journal of Physics
[Brev til DKNVS]
Creators: name: Guldberg, Ove Høegh
name: Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskab (DKNVS)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1781

description: Uttrykker arveprinsens takknemlighet for hva Hagerup har gjort for VS som vis,preses (kopi)
\boldmath{$Υ$} and \boldmath{$η_b$} mass shifts in nuclear matter
Creators: name: Zeminiani, G. N.
name: Cobos-Martinez, J. J.
name: Tsushima, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate the $Υ$, $η_b$ and $B^*$ meson mass shifts in symmetric nuclear matter. The interest is, whether the strengths of the bottomonium-(nuclear matter) and charmonium-(nuclear matter) interactions are similar or different. This is because, each ($J/Ψ,Υ$) and ($η_c,η_b$) meson group is usually assumed to have very similar properties based on the heavy charm and bottom quark masses. The estimate for the $Υ$ is made using an SU(5) effective Lagrangian and the anomalous coupling one, by studying the $BB$, $BB^*$, and $B^*B^*$ meson loop contributions for the self-energy. As for the $η_b$, we include the $BB^*$ and $B^*B^*$ meson loop contributions in the self-energy. The in-medium masses of the $B$ and $B^*$ mesons appearing in the self-energy are calculated by the quark-meson coupling model. An analysis on the $BB$, $BB^*$, and $B^*B^*$ meson loops in the $Υ$ mass shift is made by comparing with the corresponding $DD, DD^*$, and $D^*D^*$ meson loops for the $J/Ψ$ mass shift. Our prediction for the $η_b$ mass shift is made including only the lowest order $BB^*$ meson loop. The $Υ$ mass shift, with including only the $BB$ loop, is predicted to be -16 to -22 MeV at the nuclear matter saturation density using the $ΥBB$ coupling constant determined by the vector meson dominance model with the experimental data, while the $η_b$ mass shift is predicted to be -75 to -82 MeV with the SU(5) universal coupling constant determined by the $ΥBB$ coupling constant. Our results show an appreciable difference between the bottomonium-(nuclear matter) and charmonium-(nuclear matter) interaction strengths. We also study the $Υ$ and $η_b$ mass shifts in a heavy quark (heavy meson) symmetry limit.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures (21 eps.files for figures), version to appear in EPJA
Carry Propagation in Multiplication by Constants
Creators: name: Izsak, Alice
name: Pippenger, Nicholas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 68W40, 68W10

description: Suppose that a random n-bit number V is multiplied by an odd constant M, greater than or equal to 3, by adding shifted versions of the number V corresponding to the 1s in the binary representation of the constant M. Suppose further that the additions are performed by carry-save adders until the number of summands is reduced to two, at which time the final addition is performed by a carry-propagate adder. We show that in this situation the distribution of the length of the longest carry-propagation chain in the final addition is the same (up to terms tending to 0 as n tends to infinity) as when two independent n-bit numbers are added, and in particular the mean and variance are the same (again up to terms tending to 0). This result applies to all possible orders of performing the carry-save additions.
Cephalozia sanctae-helenae M. Wigginton
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Jungermanniales
Cephaloziaceae
Cephalozia
Cephalozia sanctae-Helenae

description: ** Cephalozia sanctae-helenae M.Wigginton,
Moss. Liverw. St Helena: 47, 2012, nom. inval. ICN Art. 40.6; type not explicitly indicated (see Wigginton 2012b). ORIGINAL MATERIAL: “[St. Helena] s.loc.spec”.
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2014, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2011 - 2012, pp. 61-85 in Phytotaxa 170 (2) on page 63, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779611
Studies of Quantum-Mechanical Coherency Effects in Neutrino-Nucleus Elastic Scattering
Creators: name: Sharma, V.
name: Singh, L.
name: Wong, H. T.
name: Agartioglu, M.
name: Chen, J. -W.
name: Deniz, M.
name: Kerman, S.
name: Li, H. B
name: Liu, C. -P.
name: Saraswat, K.
name: Singh, M. K.
name: Singh, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutrino-nucleus elastic scattering ($ν{\rm A}_{el}$) provides a unique laboratory to study the quantum-mechanical (QM) coherency effects in electroweak interactions. The deviations of the cross-sections from those of completely coherent systems can be quantitatively characterized through a coherency parameter $α( q^2 )$. The relations between $α$ and the underlying nuclear physics in terms of nuclear form factors are derived. The dependence of cross-section on $α( q^2 )$ for the various neutrino sources is presented. The $α( q^2 )$-values are evaluated from the measured data of the COHERENT CsI and Ar experiments. Complete coherency and decoherency conditions are excluded by the CsI data with $p {=} 0.004$ at $q^2 {=} 3.1 {\times} 10^{3} ~ {\rm MeV^2}$ and with $p {=} 0.016$ at $q^2 {=} 2.3 {\times} 10^{3} ~ {\rm MeV^2}$, respectively, verifying that both QM superpositions and nuclear many-body effects contribute to $ν{\rm A}_{el}$ interactions.
description: V2 Published Version, 10 pages, 10 figures
Economic Issues of Invasive Pests and Diseases and Food Safety
Creators: name: Evans, Edward A.
name: Spreen, Thomas H.
name: Knapp, J.L.
name: Evans, Edward A.
name: Spreen, Thomas H.
name: Knapp, J.L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: sanitary and phytosanitary measures
subject: SPS
subject: invasive species
subject: WTO
subject: economic impact of invasive species

description: The problem of invasive pests and diseases has become more urgent and far more complex today than in the recent past. Increased trade and movement of people, and the opening up of new trade routes have increased opportunities for the spread of invasive species. In addition, mono-cropping systems of cultivation; globalization; increased resistance of pests to pesticides and food safety and environmental concerns have all contributed to the growing complexity of the problem on hand. The economic dimensions of the problem can be viewed from at least two perspectives. First, with regard to the spread and impact of invasive species, particularly how best to provide more comprehensive assessments of impacts of invasions, so as to improve the cost effectiveness and efficiency of publicly funded programs aimed at eradication, control or mitigation of invasive pests and diseases. Second, from the perspective of incorporating more economic analysis and use of economic instruments in designing sanitary and phytosanitary measures. The paper explores some of these issues from an economic perspective. It concludes that incorporating more economic analysis in matters related to biological invasions is desirable, but presents a challenge to economists. Measurement requires data, and success in measurement will require that economists and biological scientists work closer together than they have in the past.
The Fate of Non-Abelian Plasma Instabilities in 3+1 Dimensions
Creators: name: Arnold, Peter
name: Moore, Guy D.
name: Yaffe, Laurence G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Plasma instabilities can play a fundamental role in plasma equilibration. There are similarities and differences between plasma instabilities in abelian and non-abelian gauge theories. In particular, it has been an open question whether non-abelian self-interactions are the limiting factor in the growth of non-abelian plasma instabilities. We study this problem with 3+1 dimensional numerical simulations. We find that non-abelian plasma instabilities behave very differently from abelian ones once they grow to be non-perturbatively large, in contrast with earlier results of 1+1 dimensional simulations. In particular, they grow more slowly at late times, with linear rather than exponential dependence of magnetic energy on time.
description: 28 pages, 22 figures [minor changes incorporated (including some minor typo fixes) to correspond to journal version]
GRAZING ON PUBLIC LANDS IN THE 21ST CENTURY
Creators: name: Van Tassell, Larry W.
name: Torell, L. Allen
name: Rimbey, Neil R.
name: Van Tassell, Larry W.
name: Torell, L. Allen
name: Rimbey, Neil R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: A panel of professionals from the ranching, environmental, agency, and university communities was assembled to examine trends relating to the future of grazing on federal lands. Five factors were identified that were thought to influence the use of grazed forages over the next 20 years. These factors were (1) multiple uses of public land, (2) public sentiment towards grazing on public lands, (3) environmental and federal agency regulations, (4) permittee issues, and (5) use of science and technology for managing public land grazing. A list of issues associated with each of the five factors was concurrently developed. The panel of experts was surveyed to explore the future direction each issue would take and the influence each issue may exert on grazing on public lands. All four groups were fairly consistent on the way they viewed the future of grazing on public lands. The most likely scenario includes (1) a significant increase in the demand for multiple uses on public lands, (2) a continued public sentiment against grazing on public lands, (3) and increase in the regulations, and their enforcement, that will negatively impact livestock grazing on the majority of allotments, (4) a continued demand or slight decline in rancher demand for grazing on public lands, and (5) a significant increase in the use of science and technology for managing public land grazing.
Formal Modelling of Safety Architecture for Responsibility-Aware Autonomous Vehicle via Event-B Refinement
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Tsutomu
name: Bondu, Martin
name: Ishikawa, Fuyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Ensuring the safety of autonomous vehicles (AVs) is the key requisite for their acceptance in society. This complexity is the core challenge in formally proving their safety conditions with AI-based black-box controllers and surrounding objects under various traffic scenarios. This paper describes our strategy and experience in modelling, deriving, and proving the safety conditions of AVs with the Event-B refinement mechanism to reduce complexity. Our case study targets the state-of-the-art model of goal-aware responsibility-sensitive safety to argue over interactions with surrounding vehicles. We also employ the Simplex architecture to involve advanced black-box AI controllers. Our experience has demonstrated that the refinement mechanism can be effectively used to gradually develop the complex system over scenario variations.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures, author version of the manuscript of the same name published in the proceedings of the 25th International Symposium on Formal Methods (FM 2023)
A Complete Survey of the Transient Radio Sky and Implications for Gamma-Ray Bursts, Supernovae, and other Relativistic Explosions
Creators: name: Gal-Yam, Avishay
name: Ofek, Eran O.
name: Poznanski, Dovi
name: Levinson, Amir
name: Waxman, Eli
name: Frail, Dale A.
name: Soderberg, Alicia M.
name: Nakar, Ehud
name: Li, Weidong
name: Filippenko, Alexei V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We had previously reported on a survey for radio transients, used to set an upper limit on the number of orphan gamma-ray burst (GRB) radio afterglows, and thus a lower limit on the typical GRB beaming factor. Here we report radio and optical follow-up observations of these possible transients, achieving the first full characterization of the transient radio sky. We find that only two source are likely to be real radio transients, an optically obscured radio supernova (SN) in the nearby galaxy NGC 4216, and a source not associated with a bright host galaxy, which is too radio luminous to be a GRB afterglow. We speculate that this may be a flare from a peculiar active galactic nucleus, or a burst from an unusual Galactic compact object. We place an upper limit of 65 radio transients above 6 mJy over the entire sky at the 95% confidence level. The implications are as follows. First, we derive a limit on the typical beaming of GRBs; we find f_b^{-1} >~ 60, ~5 times higher than our earlier results. Second, we impose an upper limit on the rate of events that eject >~ 10^{51} erg in unconfined relativistic ejecta, whether or not accompanied by detectable emission in wavebands other than the radio. Our estimated rate, <=1000/y/Gpc, is about two orders of magnitude smaller than the rate of core-collapse SNe (and type Ib/c events in particular), indicating that only a minority of such events eject significant amounts of relativistic material, which are required by fireball models of long-soft GRBs. Finally, we show that future wider and/or deeper radio variability surveys are expected to detect numerous orphan radio GRB afterglows. Our survey also illustrates the great potential of sensitive surveys with new instruments to revolutionize the study of nearby SNe (abridged).
description: Submitted to ApJ. Comments welcome
THE LACK OF A PROFIT MOTIVE FOR RANCHING: IMPLICATIONS FOR POLICY ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Torell, L. Allen
name: Rimbey, Neil R.
name: Tanaka, John A.
name: Bailey, Scott A.
name: Torell, L. Allen
name: Rimbey, Neil R.
name: Tanaka, John A.
name: Bailey, Scott A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Land Economics/Use

description: The economic impact of changing land-use policies has traditionally been estimated using the standard economic model of profit maximization. Ranchers are assumed to maximize profit and to adjust production strategies so as to continue maximizing profit with altered policies. Yet, nearly 30 years of research and observation have shown that family, tradition, and the desirable way of life are the most important factors in the ranch purchase decision - not profit. Ranch buyers want an investment they can touch, feel, and enjoy, and they historically have been willing to accept relatively low returns from the livestock production. Profit maximization appears to be an inadequate model for explaining rancher behavior, describing grazing land use, and estimating the impacts of altered public land policies. In this paper, we investigate the relative importance of livestock production income and desirable lifestyle attributes in determining the market value of western ranches, and we explore what this means for economic models and policy analysis.
title: Philosophische Grundlagen von Corporate Digital Responsibility und Responsible AI
Creators: name: Neuhäuser, Christian
Publisher: name: Zentrum verantwortungsbewusste Digitalisierung
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ms06f06
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 6
subject: FOS: Humanities
subject: Corporate Digital Responsibility

description: Responsible AI, Corporate Digital Responsibility – diese und andere, auf die Verantwortungsfrage hindeutende Begriffe werden an Unternehmen, die den digitalen Wandel maßgeblich vorantreiben, nicht nur herangetragen, sie tragen sie auch vor sich her. Handelt es sich dabei um bloße Buzzwords oder halten sie der philosophischen Betrachtung stand? Was ergibt sich aus dieser Betrachtung?
Ceratolejeunea andringitrae Pocs, Polish Bot. J.
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Porellales
Lejeuneaceae
Ceratolejeunea
Ceratolejeunea andringitrae

description: Ceratolejeunea andringitrae Pócs,
Polish Bot. J. 56 (2): 144, 2011 (see Pócs 2011a).
TYPE: “SE MADAGASCAR, Ihorombe Region in former Fianarantsoa Province, Andringitra National Park. Montane rainforests on W side of Korokoro River, around Camp II, at 750–1000 m a.s.l., 22°13′S, 47°1–2′E, epiphyllous. Pócs & A. Szabó 9472/AF, 20–23 Sept. 1994 (HOLOTYPE: EGR, ISOTYPES: MO, TAN)”.
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2014, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2011 - 2012, pp. 61-85 in Phytotaxa 170 (2) on page 64, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779611
Unbounded planar domains whose second nodal line does not touch the boundary
Creators: name: Freitas, P.
name: Krejcirik, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35P05 (Primary); 35B05, 58J50 (Secondary)

description: We show the existence of simply-connected unbounded planar domains for which the second nodal line of the Dirichlet Laplacian does not touch the boundary.
description: LaTeX with 2 eps figures, 5 pages; to appear in Mathematical Research Letters
CHARGING FAIR MARKET VALUE FOR USING FEDERAL LANDS: SOME IMPLICATIONS OF AN IGNORED POLICY
Creators: name: Godfrey, E. Bruce
name: Godfrey, E. Bruce
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: The Federal Land Policy and Management Act of 1976 (FLPMA) specifically states, "The Congress declares that it is the policy of the United States that-(9) the United States receive fair market value of the use of federal lands and their resources unless otherwise provided by statute... ." This policy either has been ignored or unevenly administered by federal agencies. As a result, some user groups are subsidized to a much greater degree than others. If all user groups were treated equally, there would be a significant change in net benefits received by users and agency revenues. Charging fair market value for all uses of federal lands also would affect the use of public and private lands.