cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Fish and invertebrate use of restored vs. natural oyster reefs in a shallow temperate latitude estuary
Creators: name: Lee, J.
name: Kimbro, D.L.
name: Fodrie, F.J.
name: Baukus, A.
name: Grabowski, J.H.
name: Sullivan, K.
name: Gittman, R.K.
name: Lenihan, H.S.
name: Baillie, C.J.
name: Hughes, A.R.
name: Carlyle, R.
name: Powers, S.P.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2022

description: Coastal marine habitats continue to be degraded, thereby compelling large-scale restoration in many parts of the world. Whether restored habitats function similarly to natural habitats and fully recover lost ecosystem services is unclear. In estuaries, oyster reefs have been degraded by multiple anthropogenic activities including destructive fishing practices and reduced water quality, motivating restoration to maintain oyster fisheries and other ecosystem services, often at relatively high cost. We compared fish and invertebrate communities on recently restored (0–1 year post-restoration), older restored (3–4 years post-restoration), and natural oyster reefs to determine if and when restored reefs support functionally similar faunal communities. To test the influence of landscape setting on the faunal communities, the restored and natural reefs, as well as a control without reef present, were distributed among three landscapes (on the edge of salt marsh away from seagrass [salt marsh landscape], on mudflats [mudflat landscape], and near to seagrass and salt marsh [seagrass landscape]). Oyster density and biomass were greatest on restored reef habitat, as were those of non-oyster bivalve species. Total abundance of invertebrates was much greater on oyster reefs than in control plots, regardless of reef or landscape type, yet were frequently highest on older restored reefs. Meanwhile, juvenile fish densities were greatest on natural reefs, at intermediate densities on older restored reefs, and least abundant on controls. When comparing the effects of reef age and landscape setting, juvenile fish densities were greatest on younger reefs within the mudflat landscape. Collectively, these results indicate that oyster reefs harbor higher densities of resident invertebrate prey, which may explain why reef habitat is also important for juvenile fish. Laboratory and field experiments supported the notion that gag grouper (a predatory demersal fish) forage more effectively on oyster reefs than on unstructured mud bottom, whereas our experiments suggest that flounders that utilize oyster reefs likely forage on adjacent mud bottom. Because landscape setting influenced fish and invertebrate communities on restored reefs, the ecological consequences of landscape setting should be incorporated into restoration decision making and site selection to enhance the recovery of ecosystem goods and services.
title: The extraordinary role of case management in daily care
Creators: name: Horvath, Laura
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2020

description: The Child Reintegration Centre (CRC) in Sierra Leone fully transitioned its residential programme to family-based care in 2018. The reintegration of all the children from the residential programme into families necessitated the inclusion of a robust case management system to ensure permanence for every child. Case Management is critical to provide support and ensure success. Good case management includes gatekeeping, discreet record-keeping, inclusion of the child and of the caregivers in the development of care plans, clear exit strategies and family support plans to ensure the health and safety of the child and to strengthen and empower parents. The CRC Case Team conducts traditional assessments and home visits, but also teaches parents and caregivers how to parent well, build financial independence, and become empowered to care for their own children. Families are encouraged to attend workshops, social and sports events at the CRC to strengthen parenting and relationship skills, and engage with other families on the programme, building strong community relationships as well. By creating a community of care consisting of assigned case workers, the CRC case team, and other families in the programme, families are learning to care for their own children, each other, and their community.
Gradient Gibbs measures of a SOS model on Cayley trees: 4-periodic boundary laws
Creators: name: Haydarov, F. H.
name: Rozikov, U. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82B26 (primary), 60K35 (secondary)

description: For SOS (solid-on-solid) model with external field and with spin values from the set of all integers, on a Cayley tree we give gradient Gibbs measures (GGMs). Such a measure corresponds to a boundary law (a function defined on vertices of Cayley tree) satisfying an infinite system of functional equations. We give several concrete GGMs which correspond to periodic boundary laws.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1902.04909
Auerbach's Defense of Defensive Operations
Creators: name: Brunner, Karl
name: Meltzer, Allan
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: IRVING AUERBACH'S PAPER REVIEWS the history of check collection procedures and recalls the important contribution that the Federal Reserve has made by improving the clearing process and by spreading par collection. It is easy to underestimate the powerful influence of improvements in the check-clearing methods on the spread of deposit banking, or the influence of the Federal Reserve System in reducing the time required for collection and their contributions to the advance of collection technology We are inclined to interpret his opening section in this way, rather than as a suggestion that the former slow and circuitous collection system would return if the Federal Reserve were to follow our recommendation and abolish float. The costs and returns arising from the various collection methods were not discussed in our report, and our recommendation was not intended to suggest that the Federal Reserve eliminate its check-collection service.
Review of Efficiency Measurement Standards for Wind Turbines on Nacelle Test Benches: Based on Small-Scale Test Benches for Electrical Machines
Creators: name: Yogal, Nijan
name: Lehrmann, Christian
name: Zhang, Hongkun
name: Song, Zihang
name: Weidinger, Paula
name: Kumme, Rolf
Publisher: name: Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: Efficiency losses
nacelle test bench
rotating electrical machines
small-scale test bench
wind turbine

description: There is a huge global demand for clean renewable energy sources to compensate for energy-related carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions. The widespread development of multi-megawatt wind turbines with increased energy efficiency is playing an important role in meeting this demand for clean energy. Traceable efficiency measurements for wind turbines on test benches or in the field are thus very crucial. They are also of great interest for evaluating the usability of wind energy. However, no standardized methods are currently available for the traceable efficiency determination of wind turbines on test benches during the design phase. In this paper, a review of standards of efficiency measurements for rotating electrical machines on test benches is summarized. Furthermore, an innovative measurement concept for small-scale test benches with results that are similar to those of nacelle test benches for wind turbines is presented.
description: This is an author-created, un-copyedited version of a Conference contribution published in 2021 24th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS), 2021, 10.23919/ICEMS52562.2021.9634389
Light Nuclei Production in Au+Au Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 3 GeV from the STAR experiment
Creators: name: Liu, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light nuclei production is expected to be sensitive to baryon density fluctuations and can be used to probe the signatures of QCD critical point and/or a first-order phase transition in heavy-ion collisions. In this proceedings, we present the spectra and yields of protons ($p$) and light nuclei ($d$, $t$, $^{3}\mathrm{He}$, $^{4}\mathrm{He}$) in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 3 GeV by the STAR experiment. Finally, it is found that the kinetic freeze-out dynamics (temperature $T_{kin}$ $vs.$ average radial flow velocity $\langleβ_{T}\rangle$) at 3 GeV extracted with the blast-wave model deviate from the trends at high energies ($\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 7.7 - 200 GeV), indicating a different medium equation of state.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures; contribution to the 50th International Symposium on Multiparticle Dynamics (ISMD 2021)
title: The value placed on everyday professionalism
Creators: name: Lane, David C.
name: Shaw, Robert
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2020

description: This special issue is focusing on the 'extraordinary ordinary' of everyday life in residential care. This is appropriate as daily life is not only the bread and butter but also the meat of the work. It is its main strength but also its main weakness. The residential care profession does not have its own distinct body of knowledge, and its status in the UK, unlike much of continental Europe, is low. The key to successful care lies primarily with the values and motivation of the workers.
Stability of invertible, frustration-free ground states against large perturbations
Creators: name: Bachmann, Sven
name: De Roeck, Wojciech
name: Donvil, Brecht
name: Fraas, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A gapped ground state of a quantum spin system has a natural length scale set by the gap. This length scale governs the decay of correlations. A common intuition is that this length scale also controls the spatial relaxation towards the ground state away from impurities or boundaries. The aim of this article is to take a step towards a proof of this intuition. We assume that the ground state is frustration-free and invertible, i.e.\ it has no long-range entanglement. Moreover, we assume the property that we are aiming to prove for one specific kind of boundary condition; namely open boundary conditions. This assumption is also known as the "local topological quantum order" (LTQO) condition. With these assumptions we can prove stretched exponential decay away from boundaries or impurities, for any of the ground states of the perturbed system. In contrast to most earlier results, we do not assume that the perturbations at the boundary or the impurity are small. In particular, the perturbed system itself can have long-range entanglement.
description: Published version
Comparing edge and fragmentation effects within seagrass communities: A meta-analysis
Creators: name: Byers, J.E.
name: Fodrie, F.J.
name: Yeager, L.A.
name: Yarnall, A.H.
Publisher: name: Ecological Society of America
Year: 2022

description: Examining community responses to habitat configuration across scales informs basic and applied models of ecosystem function. Responses to patch-scale edge effects (i.e., ecological differences between patch edges and interiors) are hypothesized to underpin the effects of landscape-scale fragmentation (i.e., mosaics of multipatch habitat and matrix). Conceptually, this appears justifiable because fragmented habitats typically have a greater proportion of edge than continuous habitats. To critically inspect whether patch-scale edge effects translate consistently (i.e., scale up) into patterns observed in fragmented landscapes, we conducted a meta-analysis on community relationships in seagrass ecosystems to synthesize evidence of edge and fragmentation effects on shoot density, faunal densities, and predation rates. We determined effect sizes by calculating log response ratios for responses within patch edges versus interiors to quantify edge effects, and fragmented versus continuous landscapes to quantify fragmentation effects. We found that both edge and fragmentation effects reduced seagrass shoot densities, although the effect of edge was statistically stronger. By contrast, fauna often exhibited higher densities in patch edges, while fragmentation responses varied directionally across taxa. Fish densities trended higher in patch edges and fragmented landscapes. Benthic fishes responded more positively than benthopelagic fishes to edge effects, although neither guild strongly responded to fragmentation. Invertebrate densities increased in patch edges and trended lower in fragmented landscapes; however, these were small effect sizes due to the offsetting responses of two dominant epifaunal guilds: decapods and smaller crustaceans. Edge and fragmentation affected predation similarly, with prey survival trending lower in patch edges and fragmented landscapes. Overall, several similarities suggested that edge effects conform with patterns of community dynamics in fragmented seagrass. However, across all metrics except fish densities, variability in fragmentation effects was twice that of edge effects. Variance patterns combined with generally stronger responses to edge than fragmentation, warrant caution in unilaterally “scaling-up” edge effects to describe fragmentation effects. Alternatively, fragmentation includes additional factors (e.g., matrix effects, patch number, mean patch size, isolation) that may enhance or offset edge effects. Fragmentation and increased edge are syndromes of habitat degradation, therefore this analysis informs mechanistic models of community change in altered terrestrial and marine systems.
Additional file 3 of Efficacy of beetroot juice on reducing blood pressure in hypertensive adults with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (BEET-PKD): study protocol for a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial
Creators: name: Sagar, Priyanka S.
name: Munt, Alexandra
name: Saravanabavan, Sayanthooran
name: Vahedi, Farnoosh Asghar
name: Elhindi, James
name: Nguyen, Beatrice
name: Chau, Katrina
name: Harris, David C.
name: Lee, Vincent
name: Sud, Kamal
name: Wong, Nikki
name: Rangan, Gopala K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3. Photo of nitrate-replete and nitrate-deplete beetroot juice bottles. Description: Photo of nitrate-replete and nitrate-deplete beetroot juice bottles.
THE PROBLEM OF EXCESSIVE LOADING OVER THE LEGAL LIMIT AND APPROAPRIATE MEASURES TO CONTROL LOAD WEIGHT
Creators: name: Suppakorn POONYARITH
Publisher: name: International Journal of Crime, Law and Social Issues
Year: 2023
Subjects: Overloaded Truck
Highway
Office of Highways Vehicle Weight Control
Excessive Loading Over the Legal Limit
Control Load Weight

description: International Journal of Crime, Law and Social Issues, 10, 1, 9-21
Avoiding the Agreement Trap: Teams Facilitate Impasse in Negotiations with Negative Bargaining Zones
Creators: name: Cohen, Taya
name: Leonardelli, Geoffrey J
name: Thompson, Leigh
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The agreement trap occurs when negotiators reach deals that are inferior to their best alternative agreements. The paper extends prior negotiation research by investigating whether teams display greater wisdom than solos in knowing when to walk away from the negotiating table, and thereby avoid the agreement trap. Two experiments compared teams and solos in a negotiation in which reaching agreement was unwise because of misaligned interests. The negotiation involved a real-estate transaction in which the optimal solution was for the parties to declare an impasse. Study 1 found that two- and three-person teams were significantly more likely than solos to impasse. Study 2 found that the party faced with the greater need to make accurate judgments about the alignment between their own and their counterpart’s interests benefited most from the addition of a teammate. These findings offer insight into why the agreement trap occurs and how it can be reduced.
Modeling extinction and reddening effects by circumstellar dust in the Betelgeuse envelope in the presence of radiative torque disruption
Creators: name: Truong, Bao
name: Tram, Le Ngoc
name: Hoang, Thiem
name: Giang, Nguyen Chau
name: Diep, Pham Ngoc
name: Nguyen, Dieu D.
name: Phuong, Nguyen Thi
name: Hoang, Thuong D.
name: Ngoc, Nguyen Bich
name: Fuda, Nguyen
name: Phan, Hien
name: Van Bui, Tuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Circumstellar dust is formed and evolved within the envelope of evolved stars, including Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) and Red Supergiant (RSG). The extinction of stellar light by circumstellar dust is vital for interpreting RSG/AGB observations and determining high-mass RSG progenitors of core-collapse supernovae. Nevertheless, circumstellar dust properties are not well understood. Modern understanding of dust evolution suggests that intense stellar radiation can radically change the dust properties across the circumstellar envelope through the RAdiative Torque Disruption (RAT-D) mechanism. In this paper, we study the impacts of RAT-D on the grain size distribution (GSD) of circumstellar dust and model its effects on photometric observations of $α$ Orionis (Betelgeuse). Due to the RAT-D effects, large grains formed in the dust formation zone are disrupted into smaller species of size $a < 0.5\,\rmμm$. Using the GSD constrained by the RAT-D effects, we model the visual extinction of background stars and Betelgeuse. We find that the extinction decreases at near-UV, optical, and infrared wavelengths while increasing at far-UV wavelengths. The resulting flux potentially reproduces the observation from the near-UV to near-IR range. Our results can be used to explain dust extinction and photometric observations toward other RSG/AGB stars.
description: 21 pages, 18 figures, 2 tables, accepted to ApJ
title: The limitations of vicarious trauma prevention strategies when applied to residential child care
Creators: name: Macfarlane, Marianne
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2020

description: Vicarious trauma is recognised as a potential consequence of supporting clients with trauma. Research into vicarious trauma, its impact on professionals and the consequences for clients has been limited to date, however, strategies have been developed to assist in identifying, preventing and managing symptoms. To date these strategies are not easily applicable to the residential child care setting, despite residential care staff working alongside young people with complex trauma.
Выращивание телят молочного периода на заменителе цельного молока
Creators: name: Симонов Г.А.
name: Зотеев В.С.
name: Хализова З.Н.
name: Симонов А.Г.
name: Зотеев С.В.
Publisher: name: Эффективное животноводство
Year: 2022
Subjects: телята
молочный период
цельное молоко
ЗЦМ
схема кормления
продовольственное молоко
рентабельность хозяйства.
calves
milk period
whole milk
ZCM
feeding scheme
food milk
profitability of the farm.

description: В статье рассматривается вопрос использование ЗЦМ при выращивании телят в молочный период. Установлено, что замена цельного молока на ЗЦМ при выпаивании молодняка крупного рогатого скота положительно влияет на товарность продовольственного молока, что в сою очередь благоприятно сказывается на уровне рентабельности хозяйства в целом.
description: The article discusses the use of ZCM in the cultivation of calves in the dairy period. It has been established that the replacement of whole milk with ZCM in the cultivation of young cattle has a positive effect on the marketability of food milk, which in turn has a positive effect on
HI-H$_2$ transition: exploring the role of the magnetic field
Creators: name: Skalidis, R.
name: Tassis, K.
name: Panopoulou, G. V.
name: Pineda, J. L.
name: Gong, Y.
name: Mandarakas, N.
name: Blinov, D.
name: Kiehlmann, S.
name: Kypriotakis, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atomic gas in the diffuse interstellar medium (ISM) is organized in filamentary structures. These structures usually host cold and dense molecular clumps. The Galactic magnetic field is considered to play an important role in the formation of these clumps. Our goal is to explore the role of the magnetic field in the HI - H$_{2}$ transition process. We targeted a filamentary cloud where gas transitions from atomic to molecular. This cloud is located at the edges of an expanding structure, known as the North Celestial Pole Loop (NCPL). We probed the magnetic field properties of the cloud with optical polarization observations. We performed multi-wavelength spectroscopic observations of different species in order to probe the gas phase properties of the cloud. We identified two distinct sub-regions within the cloud. One of the regions hosts purely atomic gas, while the other is dominated by molecular gas although most of it is CO-dark. The estimated plane-of-the-sky magnetic field strength between the two regions remains constant within uncertainties and lies in the range 20 ~ 30$~μ$G. The total magnetic field strength does not scale with density which implies that gas is compressed along the field lines. We also found that turbulence is sub-Alfvénic. The HI velocity gradients are in general perpendicular to the mean magnetic field orientation, except for the region close to the CO clump where they tend to become parallel. The latter is likely related to gas undergoing gravitational infall. The magnetic field morphology of the target cloud is parallel to the HI column density structure of the cloud in the atomic region, while it tends to become perpendicular to the HI structure in the molecular region. If this is verified in more cases it has important consequences for the ISM magnetic field modeling with HI data.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Activity induced collapse and re-expansion of rigid polymers
Creators: name: Harder, Joseph
name: Valeriani, Chantal
name: Cacciuto, Angelo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the elastic properties of a rigid filament in a bath of self-propelled particles. We find that while fully flexible filaments swell monotonically upon increasing the strength of the propelling force, rigid filaments soften for moderate activities, collapse into metastable hairpins for intermediate strengths, and eventually re-expand when the strength of the activity of the surrounding fluid is large. This collapse and re-expansion of the filament with the bath activity is reminiscent of the behavior observed in polyelectrolytes in the presence of different concentrations of multivalent salt.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of Sex differences in the effects of prematurity and/or low birthweight on neurodevelopmental outcomes: systematic review and meta-analyses
Creators: name: Christians, Julian K.
name: Ahmadzadeh-Seddeighi, Saboura
name: Bilal, Alishba
name: Bogdanovic, Anastasia
name: Ho, Rebecca
name: Leung, Estee V.
name: MacGregor, Megan A.
name: Nadasdy, Nolan M.
name: Principe, Gabriella M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1. Search strategy.
Realizing isomorphisms between first homology groups of closed 3-manifolds by borromean surgeries
Creators: name: Moussard, Delphine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We refine Matveev's result asserting that any two closed oriented 3-manifolds can be related by a sequence of borromean surgeries if and only if they have isomorphic first homology groups and linking pairings. Indeed, a borromean surgery induces a canonical isomorphism between the first homology groups of the involved 3-manifolds, which preserves the linking pairing. We prove that any such isomorphism is induced by a sequence of borromean surgeries. As an intermediate result, we prove that a given algebraic square finite presentation of the first homology group of a 3-manifold, which encodes the linking pairing, can always be obtained from a surgery presentation of the manifold.
Remarkable euryhalinity of a marine fish Lutjanus novemfasciatus in mangrove nurseries
Creators: name: Vaca-Pita, L.
name: Plumlee, J.D.
name: Garnett, E.E.
name: Carr, L.A.
name: Keller, D.A.
name: Gittman, R.K.
name: Kenworthy, M.D.
name: Fodrie, F.J.
Publisher: name: Ecological Society of America
Year: 2022

description: Abiotic environmental stress is a fundamental driver of population and community dynamics across diverse ecosystems (Menge and Sutherland 1987). In this context, specialist species persisting at great altitudes or depths, in near-boiling or subfreezing temperatures, through droughts or monsoons, and over prolonged bouts of resource deprivation highlight the adaptability of life on Earth. Notably, environmental stress, or harshness, incorporates ″extremeness″ along gradients such as oxygen or temperature, but it is also defined by the magnitude and tempo of variability in these environmental conditions (Peck et al. 2006). Even, extreme-tolerant species may require stable conditions to maintain fitness, while species capable of physiological plasticity are better adapted to niches characterized by environmental variability (Chevin and Hoffmann 2017).
UTILIZATION OF FORENSIC EVIDENCE IN DRUG: A CASE STUDY OF CASES UNDER THE PROVISION OF THAI LAWS CURRENTLY APPLICABLE IN THE PROVINCIAL POLICE REGION 3
Creators: name: Wuttikorndej SAMNGAMYA
Publisher: name: International Journal of Crime, Law and Social Issues
Year: 2023
Subjects: Evidence
Forensic Science
Forensic Evidence
Drug Case
Drug Prosecution

description: International Journal of Crime, Law and Social Issues, 10, 1, 32-39
Balanced 0, ±1 Matrices Part I. Decomposition
Creators: name: Conforti, Michele
name: Cornuejols, Gerard
name: Ajai  Kapoor
name: Vušković, Kristina
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: A 0, ±1 matrix is balanced if, in every square submatrix with two nonzero entries per row and column, the sum of the entries is a multiple of four. This paper extends the decomposition of balanced 0, 1 matrices obtained by Conforti, Cornuéjols, and Rao (1999, J. Combin. Theory Ser. B77, 292–406) to the class of balanced 0, ±1 matrices. As a consequence, we obtain a polynomial time algorithm for recognizing balanced 0, ±1 matrices.
DEVELOPMENT GUIDELINE FOR THE ENFORCEMENT OF THE ANTI-PARTICIPATION IN TRANSNATIONAL ORGANIZED CRIME ACT 2013
Creators: name: Patchara SANTAD
Publisher: name: International Journal of Crime, Law and Social Issues
Year: 2023
Subjects: Law Enforcement
Transnational Organized Crime
Thailand

description: International Journal of Crime, Law and Social Issues, 10, 1, 40-52
Reversing a tyranny of cascading shoreline-protection decisions driving coastal habitat loss
Creators: name: Scyphers, S.B.
name: Fodrie, F.J.
name: Baillie, C.J.
name: Brodmerkel, A.
name: Livernois, M.
name: Gittman, R.K.
name: Poray, A.K.
name: Grabowski, J.H.
name: Smith, C.S.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Inc.
Year: 2021

description: Shoreline hardening is a major driver of biodiversity and habitat loss in coastal ecosystems yet remains a common approach to coastal management globally. Using surveys of waterfront residents in North Carolina, USA, we sought to identify factors influencing individual shore-protection decisions and ultimately impacting coastal ecosystems, particularly coastal wetlands. We found that neighboring shore condition was the best predictor of respondent shore condition. Respondents with hardened shorelines were more likely to have neighbors with hardened shorelines, and to report that neighbors influenced their shore-protection choices than respondents with natural shorelines. Further, respondents who expressed climate-change skepticism and preference for shoreline hardening were opposed to shoreline-hardening restrictions. Despite preferring hardening, respondents ranked wetlands as highly valuable for storm protection and other ecosystem services, suggesting a disconnect between the ecological knowledge of individuals and social norms of shore-protection decisions. However, our results also suggest that efforts to increase the installation of living shorelines have the potential to conserve and restore important coastal habitats and support biodiversity along shorelines that may otherwise be degraded by hardening. Further, encouraging waterfront-property owners who have adopted living shorelines to recommend them to neighbors may be an effective strategy to initiate and reinforce pro-conservation social norms.
Additional file 4 of Efficacy of beetroot juice on reducing blood pressure in hypertensive adults with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (BEET-PKD): study protocol for a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial
Creators: name: Sagar, Priyanka S.
name: Munt, Alexandra
name: Saravanabavan, Sayanthooran
name: Vahedi, Farnoosh Asghar
name: Elhindi, James
name: Nguyen, Beatrice
name: Chau, Katrina
name: Harris, David C.
name: Lee, Vincent
name: Sud, Kamal
name: Wong, Nikki
name: Rangan, Gopala K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4. Storage and analysis of biological samples in the BEET-PKD clinical trial. Description: Document describing the storage and analysis of biological samples in the BEET-PKD clinical trial.
title: 'The theory doesn’t work here' : the teenage bedroom in a residential special school
Creators: name: Pike, Nick
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2020

description: Drawing on non-participant ethnographic observation, this paper explores some of the challenges for residential child care staff of operationalising an 'ordinary living' policy in a residential special school for children with complex learning difficulties and challenging behaviour. In particular, it explores the complex and multi-faceted uses made of teenage residents' bedrooms and describes a critical role for child care practitioners in making sense of competing priorities and constructing a workable practice framework.
A Deterministic Almost-Tight Distributed Algorithm for Approximating Single-Source Shortest Paths
Creators: name: Henzinger, Monika
name: Krinninger, Sebastian
name: Nanongkai, Danupon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.2.4; F.2.0; G.2.2

description: We present a deterministic $(1+o(1))$-approximation $(n^{1/2+o(1)}+D^{1+o(1)})$-time algorithm for solving the single-source shortest paths problem on distributed weighted networks (the CONGEST model); here $n$ is the number of nodes in the network and $D$ is its (hop) diameter. This is the first non-trivial deterministic algorithm for this problem. It also improves (i) the running time of the randomized $(1+o(1))$-approximation $\tilde O(n^{1/2}D^{1/4}+D)$-time algorithm of Nanongkai [STOC 2014] by a factor of as large as $n^{1/8}$, and (ii) the $O(ε^{-1}\log ε^{-1})$-approximation factor of Lenzen and Patt-Shamir's $\tilde O(n^{1/2+ε}+D)$-time algorithm [STOC 2013] within the same running time. Our running time matches the known time lower bound of $Ω(n^{1/2}/\log n + D)$ [Elkin STOC 2004] up to subpolynomial factors, thus essentially settling the status of this problem which was raised at least a decade ago [Elkin SIGACT News 2004]. It also implies a $(2+o(1))$-approximation $(n^{1/2+o(1)}+D^{1+o(1)})$-time algorithm for approximating a network's weighted diameter which almost matches the lower bound by Holzer and Pinsker [OPODIS 2015]. In achieving this result, we develop two techniques which might be of independent interest and useful in other settings: (i) a deterministic process that replaces the "hitting set argument" commonly used for shortest paths computation in various settings, and (ii) a simple, deterministic, construction of an $(n^{o(1)}, o(1))$-hop set of size $n^{1+o(1)}$. We combine these techniques with many distributed algorithmic techniques, some of which from problems that are not directly related to shortest paths, e.g., ruling sets [Goldberg et al. STOC 1987], source detection [Lenzen and Peleg PODC 2013], and partial distance estimation [Lenzen and Patt-Shamir PODC 2015].
description: Accepted to SIAM Journal on Computing. A preliminary version of this paper was presented at the 48th ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing (STOC 2016). Abstract shortened to respect the arXiv limit of 1920 characters
title: Heat pump integrated energy systems for future zero-emission vehicles
Creators: name: Zhang, Nan
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2023

description: Climate action is essential to limit the global warming temperature to 1.5 oC by 2050, ensuring the phasing out of fossil fuels in the transport sector successfully. It is expected that batteries or hydrogen fuel cells will most likely be the main driver of future zero-emission vehicles to achieve the zero-emission target for transport. One of the key research challenges in fully electric vehicles is the thermal management in electric vehicles including cabin, battery, motor, and other electronics. The literature review summarised the recent development and research on battery thermal management, cabin thermal management, and integrated approaches. Based on the research gap in current integrated energy management system for zero emission vehicles, the thesis started from the integrated energy system for heating. An advanced fuel cell battery electrical vehicle energy system integrating with heat pump technology was proposed to extend the driving range, increase the overall energy efficiency. A maximum COP of 6.07 could be observed when the evaporator coolant inlet temperature was 32℃. Compared to conventional air source heat pumps and Positive Temperature Coefficient (PTC) heaters, the proposed system has the lowest cost which was £10.40/time. In order to further evaluate the performance of the proposed system from a vehicle perspective, the proposed system was applied to the electric vehicle and analyzed from a vehicle perspective with the help of the vehicle motion model. An Energy, Exergy, Environment, and Economic (4E) analysis method was conducted to investigate the integrated system comprehensively. It is shown that the highest COPsys of the proposed system was 5.8 and could improve the driving range (DR) by 65% to 110% compared to the reference systems. The environmental impact decreased by 13kg/year per car compared to current EVs, and the reduction was primarily sourced from indirect emissions. The operating cost which included driving and heating was 28.9% higher than cited for an ASHP and PTC system and 41% higher than the PTC baseline system. Besides the heating integrated energy system, in order to provide a comprehensive vehicle management system, an integrated cooling energy system was provided. An integrated cooling system was developed for future electric vehicles by integrating the fuel cell, battery, metal-hydride, heat pump, and liquid desiccant dehumidification and regeneration system with the objective to reduce power consumption and extend the driving range in summer. Two operating modes were investigated. Under the heat pump supplemental mode, the proposed system can operate at 36 oC with a COP greater than 4, which is 56% higher than the cited published results. And the insufficient cooling during transitions could be reduced compared to non-compressive mode.
Lattice dynamics across the ferroelastic phase transition in Ba2ZnTeO6: A Raman and first-principles study
Creators: name: Badola, Shalini
name: Mukherjee, Supratik
name: Ghosh, B.
name: Sunil, Greeshma
name: Vaitheeswaran, G.
name: Garcia-Castro, A. C.
name: Saha, Surajit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Structural phase transitions drive several unconventional phenomena including some illustrious ferroic attributes which are relevant for technological advancements. With this note, we have investigated the structural transition of perovskite-type trigonal Ba2ZnTeO6, across Tc ~ 150 K, which is also accompanied by a para- to ferroelastic transition. With the help of Raman spectroscopy and density-functional theory (DFT)-based calculations, here we report new intriguing observations associated with the phase transition in Ba2ZnTeO6 elucidating the lattice dynamics across the Tc. We have observed the presence of a central peak (quasi-elastic Rayleigh profile), huge softening in the soft mode, hysteretic phonon behavior, and signatures of coexistent phases. The existence of a central peak in Ba2ZnTeO6 is manifested by a sharp rise in the intensity of the Rayleigh profile in concomitant with the damping of the soft mode near Tc, shedding light on the lattice dynamics during the phase transition. While most of the phonon bands split below Tc confirming the phase transition, we have observed thermal hysteretic behavior of phonon modes that signifies the first-order nature of the transition and presence of coexisting phases, which are corroborated by our temperature-dependent x-ray diffraction and specific heat measurements. Further, an evidence of the concomitant structural transition appears in the form of huge softening in the thermal response of the soft phonon mode at ~ 31 cm-1 which is remarkable compared to the hitherto known behavior of soft modes in well-known ferroelectrics. This is further corroborated by our phonon calculations that show an unstable Eg-mode in the high-symmetry structure involving TeO6 octahedral rotation (with Ba and Zn translation) which later condenses into the C2/m low-symmetry phase.
Baseload Coal Investment Decisions under Uncertain Carbon Legislation
Creators: name: Joule A. Bergerson
name: Lave, Lester B
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: More than 50% of electricity in the U.S. is generated by coal. The U.S. has large coal resources, the cheapest fuel in most areas. Coal fired power plants are likely to continue to provide much of U.S. electricity. However, the type of power plant that should be built is unclear. Technology can reduce pollutant discharges and capture and sequester the CO2 from coal-fired generation. The U.S. Energy Policy Act of 2005 provides incentives for large scale commercial deployment of Integrated Coal Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) systems (e.g., loan guarantees and project tax credits). This analysis examines whether a new coal plant should be Pulverized Coal (PC) or IGCC. Do stricter emissions standards (PM, SO2, NOx, Hg) justify the higher costs of IGCC over PC? How does potential future carbon legislation affect the decision to add carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology? Finally, can the impact of uncertain carbon legislation be minimized? We find that SO2, NOx, PM, and Hg emission standards would have to be far more stringent than twice current standards to justify the increased costs of the IGCC system. A CO2 tax less than $29/ton would lead companies to continuing to choose PC, paying the tax for emitted CO2. The earlier a decision-maker believes the carbon tax will be imposed and the higher the tax, the more likely companies will choose IGCC w/CCS. Having government announce the date and level of a carbon tax would promote more sensible decisions, but government would have to use a tax or subsidy to induce companies to choose the technology that is best for society.
An optimal trading problem in intraday electricity markets
Creators: name: Aïd, René
name: Gruet, Pierre
name: Pham, Huyên
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Trading and Market Microstructure (q-fin.TR)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 35Q93, 49J20, 60H30, 91G80

description: We consider the problem of optimal trading for a power producer in the context of intraday electricity markets. The aim is to minimize the imbalance cost induced by the random residual demand in electricity, i.e. the consumption from the clients minus the production from renewable energy. For a simple linear price impact model and a quadratic criterion, we explicitly obtain approximate optimal strategies in the intraday market and thermal power generation, and exhibit some remarkable properties of the trading rate. Furthermore, we study the case when there are jumps on the demand forecast and on the intraday price, typically due to error in the prediction of wind power generation. Finally, we solve the problem when taking into account delay constraints in thermal power production.
description: 39 pages, 11 figures
Passive acoustic monitoring complements traditional methods for assessing marine habitat enhancement outcomes
Creators: name: Bohnenstiehl, D.R.
name: Fodrie, F.J.
name: Peterson, C.H.
name: Paxton, A.B.
name: Van Hoeck, R.V.
name: Taylor, J.C.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2021

description: Habitat enhancement, often accomplished through the introduction of artificial structures, is a common strategy used by marine resource managers to provide habitat subsidies, protect sensitive habitat, and create new fishing opportunities. Traditional monitoring methods for assessing habitat enhancement outcomes face numerous limitations, including dependence on environmental conditions and trade-offs between sampling frequency and duration. Passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) is not subject to these same limitations and offers many advantages as a complement to traditional monitoring methods. Our team opportunistically monitored the soundscape and community development of a newly deployed artificial reef and compared it to that of a nearby established artificial reef using PAM and underwater time-lapse videos. Specifically, we compared the sound pressure level (SPL) timeseries, dusk peak in SPL, and dusk power spectrum between the two artificial reefs to evaluate whether and on what timescale the soundscapes converged. Additionally, we tracked temporal patterns in species-specific vocalizations to identify the trajectory of community development on the new reef. Lastly, we compared the qualitative conclusions drawn from PAM to previously published results from video monitoring of the same two artificial reefs. PAM identified minimal difference in mean low-frequency SPL between the two reefs at the onset of monitoring. Though the timeseries correlation, dusk SPL, and dusk power spectra all varied across sampling periods, there were periods of low-frequency soundscape alignment at four and eleven months following artificial reef deployment, associated with the presence of fish chorusing. The high-frequency timeseries on each reef were well correlated during all sampling periods, despite an initial SPL difference of 17 dB. Throughout monitoring, high-frequency sound levels became more similar between the reefs but did not converge. While video monitoring suggested that demersal species did not colonize the reef until five months post-deployment, patterns in species-specific vocalizations suggested that toadfish (Opsanus sp.) a cryptic, demersal species may have colonized the new reef within two weeks. Our findings demonstrate that passive acoustic monitoring is a useful complement to traditional methodologies and can provide a more holistic view of community development than visual monitoring alone.
Variability-selected intermediate mass black hole candidates in dwarf galaxies from ZTF and WISE
Creators: name: Ward, Charlotte
name: Gezari, Suvi
name: Nugent, Peter
name: Bellm, Eric C.
name: Dekany, Richard
name: Drake, Andrew
name: Duev, Dmitry A.
name: Graham, Matthew J.
name: Kasliwal, Mansi M.
name: Kool, Erik C.
name: Masci, Frank J.
name: Riddle, Reed L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While it is difficult to observe the first black hole seeds in the early Universe, we can study intermediate mass black holes (IMBHs) in local dwarf galaxies for clues about their origins. In this paper we present a sample of variability--selected AGN in dwarf galaxies using optical photometry from the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) and forward--modeled mid--IR photometry of time--resolved Wide--field Infrared Survey Explorer ({\it WISE}) coadded images. We found that 44 out of 25,714 dwarf galaxies had optically variable AGN candidates, and 148 out of 79,879 dwarf galaxies had mid--IR variable AGN candidates, corresponding to active fractions of $0.17\pm0.03$\% and $0.19\pm0.02$\% respectively. We found that spectroscopic approaches to AGN identification would have missed 81\% of our ZTF IMBH candidates and 69\% of our {\it WISE} IMBH candidates. Only $9$ candidates have been detected previously in radio, X-ray, and variability searches for dwarf galaxy AGN. The ZTF and {\it WISE} dwarf galaxy AGN with broad Balmer lines have virial masses down to $10^{5.5}M_\odot$ and for the rest of the sample, BH masses predicted from host galaxy mass range between $10^{5.2}M_\odot
description: Submitted to ApJ. 25 pages, 10 figures, 4 tables
Big Government: Democracy’s Deadly Creation
Creators: name: Meltzer, Allan
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: In America and throughout the world, creation of wealth remains the human challenge.
America's unequaled prosperity can be matched anywhere, or even surpassed, if governments adopt policies that favor economic growth and enhance freedom. With freedom of exchange, the marketplace stimulates ingenuity, puts resources to their most efficient uses, and solves problems of scarcity and poverty. It disperses opportunity, prosperity and power.
Far from protecting economic freedom, however, democratic governments increasingly restrict it. Governments, in a word, grow.