cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Data-driven modeling of the chaotic thermal convection in an annular thermosyphon
Creators: name: Loiseau, Jean-Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: dentifying accurate and yet interpretable low-order models from data has gained a renewed interest over the past decade. In the present work, we illustrate how the combined use of dimensionality reduction and sparse system identification techniques allows us to obtain an accurate model of the chaotic thermal convection in a two-dimensional annular thermosyphon. Taking as guidelines the derivation of the Lorenz system, the chaotic thermal convection dynamics simulated using a high-fidelity computational fluid dynamics solver are first embedded into a low-dimensional space using dynamic mode decomposition. After having reviewed the physical properties the reduced-order model should exhibit, the latter is identified using SINDy, an increasingly popular and flexible framework for the identification of nonlinear continuous-time dynamical systems from data. The identified model closely resembles the canonical Lorenz system, having a similar structure and exhibiting the same physical properties. Finally, extensions to other flow configurations with or without control are discussed.
MOESM11 of Cloning and functional analysis of the FAD2 gene family from desert shrub Artemisia sphaerocephala
Creators: name: Xiumei Miao
name: Lijing Zhang
name: Xiaowei Hu
name: Shuzhen Nan
name: Xiaolong Chen
name: Fu, Hua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 11: Table S8. Primers used for qRT-PCR study of sixteen AsFAD2 genes in A. sphaerocephala.
title: Αναλυτική μέθοδος προσδιορισμού παραμέτρων και εφαρμογή σε προχωρημένη τεχνολογία CMOS
title: Analytical method of parameter determination and application to advanced CMOS technology
Creators: name: Αντωνακακης Αντωνιος
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2021

description: Στην παρούσα Διπλωματική Εργασία μελετούνται οι αναλυτικές μέθοδοι συμπαγούς μοντελοποίησης  τρανζίστορ πυριτίου τύπου MOSFET μονής πύλης, καθώς και αναλυτικές μέθοδοι προσδιορισμού των παραμέτρων των μοντέλων αυτών σε προχωρημένη CMOS τεχνολογία. Η διαδικασία αυτή βασίζεται σε πειραματικές μετρήσεις που έγιναν στο Εργαστήριο Ηλεκτρονικής, σε δείγματα τριών διαφορετικών γενιών τεχνολογίας CMOS 110nm, 250nm και 1um και συμπεριλαμβάνει τρανζίστορ, τόσο τύπου ΝΜΟS, όσο και τύπου PMOS, με ιδιαίτερη έμφαση στην κάλυψη μήκους καναλιού (long, medium, short). Επιπλέον, μελετάται η απόδοση των τεχνολογιών με ενιαίο τρόπο χρησιμοποιώντας τεχνικές κανονικοποίησης των μεγεθών (ρεύμα, αγωγιμότητα), ώστε η επίδραση διαφορετικού μήκους καναλιού, να είναι εύκολα αντιληπτή. Το φαινόμενο του κορεσμού ταχύτητας (velocity saturation) έχει μια ιδιαίτερη σημασία στην παραπάνω επίδραση. Εφαρμόζονται μέθοδοι εξαγωγής παραμέτρων για κάθε τεχνολογία και κάθε μήκος καναλιού, και παρουσιάζονται με την μορφή πινάκων, με στόχο την συμπαγή μοντελοποίηση. Τέλος, υλοποιείται το μοντέλο των φορτίων του τρανζίστορ MOS με το φαινόμενο velocity saturation και παρουσιάζονται τα διαγράμματα του μοντέλου σε αντιπαράθεση με τα δεδομένα μας.
description: In this Thesis we’re studying the analytical methods of compact modeling of single-gate silicon MOSFETs, as well as the analytical methods for determining the parameters of these models at advanced CMOS technology. This process is based on experimental measurements made in the Electronics Laboratory on samples of three different generations of CMOS technology 110nm, 250nm and 1um and includes transistors of both NMOS and PMOS type, with particular emphasis on channel length coverage (long, medium, short). We’re also studying the performance of technologies in a unified way, while using size normalization techniques (current, conductivity), so that the effect of different channel lengths is easily perceived. The phenomenon of velocity saturation has a special significance in this comparison. Parameter extraction methods are also applied.  These methods apply in the same way to each technology and each channel length and are presented in the form of tables, with the aim of compact modeling. Finally, the charge-based model of the MOS transistor with the velocity saturation phenomenon is implemented and the diagrams are presented in contrast to our data.
Automated Spatial Progress Monitoring for Asphalt Road Construction Projects
Creators: name: Vick, Steven
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: Construction Progress Monitoring
Asphalt Road
Transportation Construction
Automation in Construction

description: Construction progress monitoring allows schedule and/or cost deviations to be identified early enough to effectively implement corrective actions. At least 77% of transportation projects experience cost overruns, and as much as 75% of these overruns have been attributed to “real” construction management factors like progress monitoring. Progress is measured on road construction sites in terms of completion percentages at various activity and work package levels. This percentage is then used to identify schedule deviations and support the earned value analysis often used as the baseline for contractor progress payments. Unfortunately, the current methods for producing these completion percentages are not as correct or time efficient as they should be to enable effective project control. The objective of this research is to develop, test, and validate a novel solution for automatically producing completion percentages and progress status determinations that are more correct and time efficient than those generated in current practice. The proposed solution seeks to automatically detect incremental progress on road design layers in 3D as-built point cloud data generated using unmanned aerial photogrammetry and a novel data simulation approach. A parallel as-planned progress estimate is also automatically prepared using 4D information, and the progress status determinations are made by comparing the two results. This solution was tested on 15 datasets (13 simulated and 2 real-world) representing a variety of road designs and progress conditions. The method achieved an average 95% F1 score in layer detection on the real-world data, and mostly outperformed current practice in correctness. The automated processing of as-built and as-planned data to produce the progress estimate took 12 seconds for the real world data, which was indeed faster than the current practice equivalent. Although the research objectives were met, there remains room for further improvement, particularly in regards to the solution’s robustness to occlusions on the monitored surfaces.
description: United States Air Force Cambridge Trust
The ISO-LWS map of the Serpens cloud core. II. The line spectra
Creators: name: Larsson, B.
name: Liseau, R.
name: Men'shchikov, A. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present spectrophotometric ISO imaging with the LWS and the CAM-CVF of the Serpens molecular cloud core. The LWS map is centred on the far infrared and submillimetre source SMM1 and its size is 8' x 8'. The fine structure line emission in [OI] and [CII] is extended and can be successfully modelled to originate in a PDR with G_0 = 15 and n(H2) about 10^4 - 10^5 cm^-3. Extended emission is also observed in the rotational line emission of H2O and high-J CO. However, lack of sufficient angular resolution prevents us from excluding the possibility that the emssion regions of these lines are point like, which could be linked to the embedded objects SMM9 and SMM4. Toward the Class0 source SMM1, the LWS observations reveal, in addition to fine structure line emission, a rich spectrum of molecular lines. The sub-thermally excited and optically thick CO, H2O and OH lines are tracing an about 10^3 AU source with temperatures higher than 300 K and densities above 10^6 cm^-3. We show that geometry is of concern for the correct interpretation of the data and based on 2D-radiative transfer modelling of the disk/torus around SMM1, which successfully reproduces the entire observed SED and the observed line profiles of CO isotopomers, we can exclude the disk to be the source of the LWS-molecular line emission. The CAM-CVF permits us to see a region of rotational H2 emission. This H2 gas has a temperature of 10^3 K, which suggests that the heating of the gas is achieved through relatively slow shocks. Although we are not able to establish any firm conclusion regarding the detailed nature of the shock waves, our observations of the molecular line emission from SMM1 can be explainable in terms of an admixture of J-shocks and of C-shocks.
description: 20 pages, 20 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Significant suppression of weak ferromagnetism in (La${}_{1.8}$Eu${}_{0.2}$)CuO${}_4$
Creators: name: Tsukada, I.
name: Sun, X. F.
name: Komiya, Seiki
name: Lavrov, A. N.
name: Ando, Yoichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic structure of (La${}_{1.8}$Eu${}_{0.2}$)CuO${}_4$ has been studied by magnetization measurements of single crystals, which show antiferromagnetic long-range order below $T_N$ = 265 K and a structural phase transition at $T_s$ = 130 K. At $T_s < T < T_N$, the Cu spin susceptibility exhibits almost the same behavior as that of La${}_2$CuO${}_4$ in the low-temperature orthorhombic phase, which indicates the existence of finite spin canting out of the CuO${}_2$ plane. At $T < T_s$, the magnitude of the weak-ferromagnetic moment induced by the spin canting is suppressed approximately by 70{%}. This significant suppression of the weak-ferromagnetic moment is carefully compared with the theoretical analysis of weak ferromagnetism by Stein {\it et al.} (Phys. Rev. B {\bf 53}, 775 (1996)), in which the magnitude of weak-ferromagnetic moments strongly depend on the crystallographic symmetry. Based on such comparison, below $T_s$ (La${}_{1.8}$Eu${}_{0.2}$)CuO${}_4$ is in the low-temperature less-orthorhombic phase with a space group of $Pccn$. We also discuss the possible magnetic structure of the pure low-temperature tetragonal phase with space group $P4_2/{ncm}$, which is relevant for rare-earth and alkaline-earth ions co-doped La${}_2$CuO${}_4$.
description: 16 pages including 5 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. B. Fig. 4 is newly added
Large-scale representation learning from visually grounded untranscribed speech
Creators: name: Ilharco, Gabriel
name: Zhang, Yuan
name: Baldridge, Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Systems that can associate images with their spoken audio captions are an important step towards visually grounded language learning. We describe a scalable method to automatically generate diverse audio for image captioning datasets. This supports pretraining deep networks for encoding both audio and images, which we do via a dual encoder that learns to align latent representations from both modalities. We show that a masked margin softmax loss for such models is superior to the standard triplet loss. We fine-tune these models on the Flickr8k Audio Captions Corpus and obtain state-of-the-art results---improving recall in the top 10 from 29.6% to 49.5%. We also obtain human ratings on retrieval outputs to better assess the impact of incidentally matching image-caption pairs that were not associated in the data, finding that automatic evaluation substantially underestimates the quality of the retrieved results.
On standardizing kilonovae and their use as standard candles to measure the Hubble constant
Creators: name: Coughlin, Michael W.
name: Dietrich, Tim
name: Heinzel, Jack
name: Khetan, Nandita
name: Antier, Sarah
name: Bulla, Mattia
name: Christensen, Nelson
name: Coulter, David A.
name: Foley, Ryan J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detection of GW170817 is revolutionizing many areas of astrophysics with the joint observation of gravitational waves and electromagnetic emissions. These multi-messenger events provide a new approach to determine the Hubble constant, thus, they are a promising candidate for mitigating the tension between measurements of Type Ia supernovae via the local distance ladder and the Cosmic Microwave Background. In addition to the "standard siren" provided by the gravitational-wave measurement, the kilonova itself has characteristics that allow to improve existing measurements or to perform yet another, independent measurement of the Hubble constant without gravitational-wave information. Here, we employ standardization techniques borrowed from the type-Ia community and apply them to kilonovae, not using any information from the gravitational-wave signal. We use two versions of this technique, one derived from direct observables measured from the lightcurve, and the other based on inferred ejecta parameters, e.g., mass, velocity, and composition, for two different models. These lead to Hubble Constant measurements of $H_0 = 109^{+49}_{-35}$\,km $\mathrm{s}^{-1}$ $\mathrm{Mpc}^{-1}$ for the measured analysis, and $H_0 = 85^{+22}_{-17}$\,km $\mathrm{s}^{-1}$ $\mathrm{Mpc}^{-1}$ and $H_0 = 79^{+23}_{-15}$\,km $\mathrm{s}^{-1}$ $\mathrm{Mpc}^{-1}$ for the inferred analyses. This measurement has error bars within ~$\sim$\,2 to the gravitational-wave measurements ($H_0=74^{+16}_{-8}$\,km $\mathrm{s}^{-1}$ $\mathrm{Mpc}^{-1}$), showing its promise as an independent constraint on $H_0$.
Thailandus diospyrosae Chandrapatya 1997
Creators: name: Xue, Xiao-Feng
name: Zhang, Zhi-Qiang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Actinedida
Diptilomiopidae
Thailandus
Thailandus diospyrosae

description: Thailandus diospyrosae Chandrapatya, 1997
 Thailandus diospyrosae Chandrapatya in Chandrapatya & Boczek, 1997b: 24, 26, 27.
 Host. Diospyros gracilis (Ebenaceae).
 Habit. Vagrant.
 Distribution. Thailand (Rayong).
description: Published as part of Xue, Xiao-Feng & Zhang, Zhi-Qiang, 2009, 2257, pp. 1-128 in Zootaxa 2257 on page 101
Additional file 2 of A novel HSP90 inhibitor targeting the C-terminal domain attenuates trastuzumab resistance in HER2-positive breast cancer
Creators: name: Park, Jung Min
name: Kim, Yoon-Jae
name: Park, Soeun
name: Park, Minsu
name: Farrand, Lee
name: Nguyen, Cong-Truong
name: Ann, Jihyae
name: Nam, Gibeom
name: Park, Hyun-Ju
name: Lee, Jeewoo
name: Kim, Ji Young
name: Seo, Jae Hong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 2. Experimental Procedure for the Synthesis of NCT-547.
Monopole fields from vortex sheets reconciling Abelian and center dominance
Creators: name: Froehlich, J.
name: Marchetti, P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a new order parameter for the confinement-deconfinement transition in lattice SU(2) Yang-Mills theory. It is expressed in terms of magnetic monopole field correlators represented as sums over sheets of center vortices. Our construction establishes a link between "abelian" and "center dominance". It avoids an inconsistency in the treatment of small scales present in earlier definitions of monopole fields by respecting Dirac's quantization condition for magnetic fluxes.
description: LaTeX file, 6 pages; Lattice2001(plenary)
Spatially Heterogeneous Dynamics of Cells in a Growing Tumor Spheroid: Comparison Between Theory and Experiments
Creators: name: Sinha, Sumit
name: Malmi-Kakkada, Abdul N
name: Li, Xin
name: Samanta, Himadri S.
name: Thirumalai, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Collective cell movement, characterized by multiple cells that are in contact for substantial periods of time and undergo correlated motion, plays a central role in cancer and embryogenesis. Recent imaging experiments have provided time-dependent traces of individual cells, thus providing an unprecedented picture of tumor spheroid growth. By using simulations of a minimal cell model, we analyze the experimental data that map the movement of cells in fibrosarcoma tumor spheroid embedded in a collagen matrix. Both simulations and experiments show that cells in the core of the spheroid exhibit subdiffusive glassy dynamics (mean square displacement, $Δ(t) \approx t^α$ with $α< 1$), whereas cells in the periphery exhibit superdiffusive motion, $Δ(t) \approx t^α$ with $α>1)$. The motion of most of the cells near the periphery undergo highly persistent and correlated directional motion, thus explaining the observed superdiffusive behavior. The $α$ values for cells in the core and periphery, extracted from simulations and experiments are in near quantitative agreement with each other, which is surprising given that no parameter in the model was used to fit the measurements. The qualitatively different dynamics of cells in the core and periphery is captured by the fourth order susceptibility, introduced to characterize metastable states in glass forming systems. Analyses of the velocity autocorrelation of individual cells show remarkable spatial heterogeneity with no two cells exhibiting similar behavior. The prediction that $α$ should depend on the location of the cells in the tumor is amenable to experimental test. The highly heterogeneous dynamics of cells in the tumor spheroid provides a plausible mechanism for the origin of intratumor heterogeneity.
description: 30 pages, 6 figures (19 panels)
Allosteric Interactions in Coordination Cages
Creators: name: Rizzuto, Felix
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: Supramolecular chemistry
Metal-organic cages
Host-guest chemistry
Guest binding
Allostery

description: Biomolecular receptors can catalyse reactions, alter their geometry, and inhibit their activity in response to molecules binding around their periphery. Synthetic receptors that can mimic this allosteric binding behaviour extend the potential applications of host-guest chemistry to programmable molecular systems. Modulating the degree and magnitude of interaction between components within these systems enables the design of chemical behaviour akin to biological complexity. With a view to developing artificial guest-binding regulation systems, a series of metal-organic cages capable of both the peripheral and internal encapsulation of guests are presented: octahedra capable of accommodating two guests in different locations simultaneously; cuboctahedral receptors that bind fullerenes with all-or-nothing positive cooperativity and assemble supramolecular entities internally; a heteroleptic triangular prism capable of recognising steroids and enantiopure natural products; and a tetrahedron that binds fullerene clusters. Each of these architectures employs one or more binding site to either: a) template specific products; b) regulate the cooperativity of binding of large anionic guests; c) assemble coordination complexes and interlocked species inside their cavities; d) alter their morphology in well-defined ways; or e) form assemblies with new electronic and electrochemical functionality. In all cases, chemical systems that respond to multiple stimuli simultaneously are explored, and new applications for bringing multiple species into proximity are detailed. The allosteric binding motifs described herein can be extended to sort reaction mixtures, generate specific isomeric forms, stabilise labile species and promote tuneable modes of intermolecular cooperativity.
description: The author thanks Cambridge Australia Scholarships and the Cambridge Trust for PhD funding.
Accurate optical spectra of solids from pure time-dependent density-functional theory
Creators: name: Cavo, Sarah
name: Berger, J. A.
name: Romaniello, Pina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present accurate optical spectra of semiconductors and insulators within a pure Kohn-Sham time-dependent density-functional approach. In particular, we show that the onset of the absorption is well reproduced when comparing to experiment. No empirical information nor a theory beyond Kohn-Sham density-functional theory, such as $GW$, is invoked to correct the Kohn-Sham gap. Our approach relies on the link between the exchange-correlation kernel of time-dependent density functional theory and the derivative discontinuity of ground-state density-functional theory. We show explicitly how to relate these two quantities. We illustrate the accuracy and simplicity of our approach by applying it to various semiconductors (Si, GaP, GaAs) and wide-gap insulators (C, LiF, Ar).
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
From Empire to Nation: The Politics of Language in Manchuria (1890-1911)
Creators: name: He, Jiani
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: Language reform
Qing multilingualism
Manchuria
The Jirim League
The Manchu Language
Late Qing Reform

description: This thesis explores the issues of language and power in the Qing Empire’s (1644-1911) northeastern borderlands within the larger context of political reforms in late Qing China between 1890 and 1911. To the present, much research on the history of language in late Qing China continues to fall within the framework of national language. Drawing on Manchu and Chinese sources, this thesis argues that the Qing emperors devised a multilingual regime to recreate the imperial polyglot reality and to rule a purposefully diverse but unifying empire. From the seventeenth century, the Qing emperors maintained the special Manchu-Mongol relations by adopting Manchu and Mongolian as the two official languages, restricting the influence of Chinese, and promoting Tibetan in a religious context in the Jirim League. From the 1890s, the Jirim League witnessed a language contest between Manchu, Mongol, Chinese, Japanese and Russian powers which strove to legitimize and maintain their control over the Jirim Mongols. Under the influence of European and Japanese language ideologies, the Qing Empire fostered the learning of Chinese in order to recreate the Jirim Mongols as modern nationals in an integrated China under a constitutional monarchy. Meanwhile, the Qing Empire preserved Manchu and Mongolian, which demonstrated the Manchu characteristic of the constitutional monarchy in a wave of Chinese nationalism. However, the revised language regime undermined the Jirim Mongols’ power and challenged their special position in the traditional Manchu-Mongol relations, which caused disunity and disorder in the borderlands. This thesis challenges the notion of language reform as a linear progress towards Chinese national monolingualism. It demonstrates the political and ritual role of Manchu and Mongolian beyond their communicative and documentary functions, and unfolds the power of language pluralism in Chinese nationalist discourse from a non-Chinese and peripheral perspective. By investigating how ethnic, national, and imperialist powers interacted with one another, this thesis allows us to understand the integration of Manchuria into modern China, East Asia, and the world from a different perspective.
Additional file 1 of A novel HSP90 inhibitor targeting the C-terminal domain attenuates trastuzumab resistance in HER2-positive breast cancer
Creators: name: Park, Jung Min
name: Kim, Yoon-Jae
name: Park, Soeun
name: Park, Minsu
name: Farrand, Lee
name: Nguyen, Cong-Truong
name: Ann, Jihyae
name: Nam, Gibeom
name: Park, Hyun-Ju
name: Lee, Jeewoo
name: Kim, Ji Young
name: Seo, Jae Hong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1. Materials and Methods.
Temperature dependence of electrical resistivity of high-Tc cuprates - from pseudogap to overdoped regions
Creators: name: Naqib, S. H.
name: Cooper, J. R.
name: Tallon, J. L.
name: Panagopoulos, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of planar hole concentration, p, and in-plane disorder, Zn (y), on the DC resistivity, r(T), of sintered samples of Y_{1-x}Ca_xBa_2(Cu_{1-y}Zn_y)_3O_{7-d} were investigated over a wide doping range by changing both the oxygen deficiency (d) and Ca content (x). From the r(T,p) data we extracted characteristic crossover temperatures on the underdoped and overdoped sides, T* and T_m respectively, above which r(T) is linear. We compare our results with a number of other polycrystalline, thin film and single crystal cuprate superconductors and find similar behavior in the p-dependence of T*(p), T_m(p), and the resistivity exponent, m(p), in fits to r(T) = r_0 + aT^m on the overdoped side. Our findings point towards the possible existence of a quantum critical point (QCP) at the doping p=0.19 +/- 0.01.
description: Text in pdf (12 pages)and six ps figures
Oscillator Representation of the BCFT Construction of D-branes in Vacuum String Field Theory
Creators: name: Mukhopadhyay, Partha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from the boundary CFT definition for the D-branes in vacuum string field theory (VSFT) given in hep-th/0105168, we derive the oscillator expression for the D24-brane solution in the VSFT on D25-brane. We show that the state takes the form of a squeezed state, similar to the one found directly in terms of the oscillators and reported in hep-th/0102112. Both the solutions are actually one parameter families of solutions. We also find numerical evidence that at least for moderately large values of the parameter $(b)$ in the oscillator construction the two families of solutions are same under a suitable redefinition of the parameter. Finally we generalize the method to computing the oscillator expression for a D-brane solution with constant gauge field strength turned on along the world volume.
description: Latex, 43 pages, 3 figures, references added
MOESM10 of Cloning and functional analysis of the FAD2 gene family from desert shrub Artemisia sphaerocephala
Creators: name: Xiumei Miao
name: Lijing Zhang
name: Xiaowei Hu
name: Shuzhen Nan
name: Xiaolong Chen
name: Fu, Hua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 10: Table S7. Primers used for amplification of the ORF of sixteen AsFAD2 genes in A. sphaerocephala.
Structural Priors in Deep Neural Networks
Creators: name: Ioannou, Yani Andrew
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: Deep Learning
Neural Networks
Machine Learning
Computer Vision
Structural Priors
Filter Groups
Low Rank
Convolution
Deep Neural Networks
Convolutional Neural Networks
CNN
Efficient

description: Deep learning has in recent years come to dominate the previously separate fields of research in machine learning, computer vision, natural language understanding and speech recognition. Despite breakthroughs in training deep networks, there remains a lack of understanding of both the optimization and structure of deep networks. The approach advocated by many researchers in the field has been to train monolithic networks with excess complexity, and strong regularization --- an approach that leaves much to desire in efficiency. Instead we propose that carefully designing networks in consideration of our prior knowledge of the task and learned representation can improve the memory and compute efficiency of state-of-the art networks, and even improve generalization --- what we propose to denote as structural priors. We present two such novel structural priors for convolutional neural networks, and evaluate them in state-of-the-art image classification CNN architectures. The first of these methods proposes to exploit our knowledge of the low-rank nature of most filters learned for natural images by structuring a deep network to learn a collection of mostly small, low-rank, filters. The second addresses the filter/channel extents of convolutional filters, by learning filters with limited channel extents. The size of these channel-wise basis filters increases with the depth of the model, giving a novel sparse connection structure that resembles a tree root. Both methods are found to improve the generalization of these architectures while also decreasing the size and increasing the efficiency of their training and test-time computation. Finally, we present work towards conditional computation in deep neural networks, moving towards a method of automatically learning structural priors in deep networks. We propose a new discriminative learning model, conditional networks, that jointly exploit the accurate representation learning capabilities of deep neural networks with the efficient conditional computation of decision trees. Conditional networks yield smaller models, and offer test-time flexibility in the trade-off of computation vs. accuracy.
description: Funded by a Microsoft Research PhD Scholarship
Vimola Boczek 1992
Creators: name: Xue, Xiao-Feng
name: Zhang, Zhi-Qiang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Actinedida
Diptilomiopidae
Vimola

description: Vimola Boczek, 1992
 Type species. Vimola syzygii Boczek in Boczek & Chandrapatya, 1992a: 282, 283.
 Diagnosis. Body fusiform; gnathosoma large, abruptly curved and bent down near base; scapular setae (sc) absent; genual setae absent from leg II, paraxial tibial seta (l’) absent, empodium divided; anterolateral setae on coxisternum І (1b) absent.
 This genus consists of 9 species (Amrine et al. 2003). Three of these have been recorded from Southeast Asia.
description: Published as part of Xue, Xiao-Feng & Zhang, Zhi-Qiang, 2009, 2257, pp. 1-128 in Zootaxa 2257 on page 101
Atomic position localization via dual measurement
Creators: name: Nha, Hyunchul
name: Lee, Jai-Hyung
name: Chang, Joon-Sung
name: An, Kyungwon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study localization of atomic position when a three-level atom interacts with a quantized standing-wave field in the Ramsey interferometer setup. Both the field quadrature amplitude and the atomic internal state are measured to obtain the atomic position information. It is found that this dual measurement scheme produces an interference pattern superimposed on a diffraction-like pattern in the atomic position distribution, where the former pattern originates from the state-selective measurement and the latter from the field measurement. The present scheme results in a better resolution in the position localization than the field-alone measurement schemes. We also discuss the measurement-correlated mechanical action of the standing-wave field on the atom in the light of Popper's test.
description: 6.5 pages and 5 figures
Additional methods, results and summary tables from Drought-driven wildfire impacts on structure and dynamics in a wet Central Amazonian forest
Creators: name: Pontes-Lopes, Aline
name: Silva, Camila V. J.
name: Barlow, Jos
name: Rincón, Lorena M.
name: Campanharo, Wesley A.
name: Cássio A. Nunes
name: De Almeida, Catherine T.
name: Júnior, Celso H. L. Silva
name: Cassol, Henrique L. G.
name: Dalagnol, Ricardo
name: Stark, Scott C.
name: Graça, Paulo M. L. A.
name: Luiz E. O. C. Aragão
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: This pdf contains all supplementary figures, tables, and texts cited in the main manuscript.
Scaling and nonscaling finite-size effects in the Gaussian and the mean spherical model with free boundary conditions
Creators: name: Chen, X. S.
name: Dohm, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate finite-size effects of the Gaussian model in a L\times \tilde L^{d-1} box geometry with free boundary conditions in one direction and periodic boundary conditions in d-1 directions for 23 but logarithmic deviations from finite-size scaling are found for the free energy and energy density at the Gaussian upper borderline dimension d* =3. The logarithms are related to the vanishing critical exponent 1-α-ν=(d-3)/2 of the Gaussian surface energy density. The latter has a cusp-like singularity in d>3 dimensions. We show that these properties are the origin of nonscaling finite-size effects in the mean spherical model with free boundary conditions in d>=3 dimensions. At bulk T_c in d=3 dimensions we find an unexpected non-logarithmic violation of finite-size scaling for the susceptibility χ\sim L^3 of the mean spherical model in film geometry whereas only a logarithmic deviation χ\sim L^2 \ln L exists for box geometry. The result for film geometry is explained by the existence of the lower borderline dimension d_l = 3, as implied by the Mermin-Wagner theorem, that coincides with the Gaussian upper borderline dimension d*=3. For 3=T_c.
description: Submitted to Physical Review E
Optimising Automatic Morphological Classification of Galaxies with Machine Learning and Deep Learning using Dark Energy Survey Imaging
Creators: name: Cheng, Ting-Yun
name: Conselice, Christopher J.
name: Aragón-Salamanca, Alfonso
name: Li, Nan
name: Bluck, Asa F. L.
name: Hartley, Will G.
name: Annis, James
name: Brooks, David
name: Doel, Peter
name: García-Bellido, Juan
name: James, David J.
name: Kuehn, Kyler
name: Kuropatkin, Nikolay
name: Smith, Mathew
name: Sobreira, Flavia
name: Tarle, Gregory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are several supervised machine learning methods used for the application of automated morphological classification of galaxies; however, there has not yet been a clear comparison of these different methods using imaging data, or a investigation for maximising their effectiveness. We carry out a comparison between several common machine learning methods for galaxy classification (Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), K-nearest neighbour, Logistic Regression, Support Vector Machine, Random Forest, and Neural Networks) by using Dark Energy Survey (DES) data combined with visual classifications from the Galaxy Zoo 1 project (GZ1). Our goal is to determine the optimal machine learning methods when using imaging data for galaxy classification. We show that CNN is the most successful method of these ten methods in our study. Using a sample of $\sim$2,800 galaxies with visual classification from GZ1, we reach an accuracy of $\sim$0.99 for the morphological classification of Ellipticals and Spirals. The further investigation of the galaxies that have a different ML and visual classification but with high predicted probabilities in our CNN usually reveals an the incorrect classification provided by GZ1. We further find the galaxies having a low probability of being either spirals or ellipticals are visually Lenticulars (S0), demonstrating that supervised learning is able to rediscover that this class of galaxy is distinct from both Es and Spirals. We confirm that $\sim$2.5\% galaxies are misclassified by GZ1 in our study. After correcting these galaxies' labels, we improve our CNN performance to an average accuracy of over 0.99 (accuracy of 0.994 is our best result).
description: 20 pages, 19 figures. Accepted to MNRAS
Additional file 3 of A novel HSP90 inhibitor targeting the C-terminal domain attenuates trastuzumab resistance in HER2-positive breast cancer
Creators: name: Park, Jung Min
name: Kim, Yoon-Jae
name: Park, Soeun
name: Park, Minsu
name: Farrand, Lee
name: Nguyen, Cong-Truong
name: Ann, Jihyae
name: Nam, Gibeom
name: Park, Hyun-Ju
name: Lee, Jeewoo
name: Kim, Ji Young
name: Seo, Jae Hong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 3. Supplementary Figures.
Correspondence theory on $p$-Fock spaces with applications to Toeplitz algebras
Creators: name: Fulsche, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove several results concerning the theory of Toeplitz algebras over $p$-Fock spaces using a correspondence theory of translation invariant symbol and operator spaces. The most notable results are: The full Toeplitz algebra is the norm closure of all Toeplitz operators with bounded uniformly continuous symbols. This generalizes a result obtained by J. Xia (J. Funct. Anal. 269:781-814, 2015) in the case $p = 2$, which was proven by different methods. Further, we prove that every Toeplitz algebra which has a translation invariant $C^\ast$ subalgebra of the bounded uniformly continuous functions as its set of symbols is linearly generated by Toeplitz operators with the same space of symbols.
description: 34 pages; Minor changes according to the suggestions of the anonymous reviewer
MOESM3 of Prediction of mortality in adult patients with sepsis using six biomarkers: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Pregernig, Andreas
name: Müller, Mattia
name: Held, Ulrike
name: Beck-Schimmer, Beatrice
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. PRISMA checklist for systematic reviews and meta-analyses.
MOESM1 of Prevalence, determinants, and characteristics of extemporaneous compounding in Jordanian pharmacies
Creators: name: AlKhatib, Hatim
name: Jalouqa, Sara
name: Maraqa, Nour
name: Ratka, Anna
name: Elayeh, Eman
name: Muhaissen, Suha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1. Extemporaneous Compounding In Jordanian Pharmacies Survey .
Vimola cassiae Chandrapatya & Boczek 2001
Creators: name: Xue, Xiao-Feng
name: Zhang, Zhi-Qiang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Actinedida
Diptilomiopidae
Vimola
Vimola cassiae

description: Vimola cassiae Chandrapatya & Boczek, 2001
 Vimola cassiae Chandrapatya & Boczek, 2001c: 124–126.
 Host. Cassia siamea (Fabaceae).
 Habit. Vagrant.
 Distribution. Thailand (Khra Bi).
description: Published as part of Xue, Xiao-Feng & Zhang, Zhi-Qiang, 2009, 2257, pp. 1-128 in Zootaxa 2257 on page 101
Vimola psidiae Chandrapatya 1996
Creators: name: Xue, Xiao-Feng
name: Zhang, Zhi-Qiang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Actinedida
Diptilomiopidae
Vimola
Vimola psidiae

description: Vimola psidiae Chandrapatya, 1996
 Vimola psidiae Chandrapatya in Boczek & Chandrapatya, 1996a: 62, 64–65.
 Host. Psidium sp. (Myrtaceae).
 Habit. Vagrant.
 Distribution. Thailand (Nakorn Pathom).
description: Published as part of Xue, Xiao-Feng & Zhang, Zhi-Qiang, 2009, 2257, pp. 1-128 in Zootaxa 2257 on page 101
Abundance gradients and the role of SNe in M87
Creators: name: Gastaldello, Fabio
name: Molendi, Silvano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We make a detailed measurement of the metal abundance profiles and metal abundance ratios of the inner core of M87/Virgo observed by XMM-Newton during the PV phase. We use multi temperature models for the inner regions and we compare the plasma codes APEC and MEKAL. We confirm the strong heavy elements gradient previously found by ASCA and BeppoSAX, but also find a significant increase in light elements, in particular O. This fact together with the constant O/Fe ratio in the inner 9 arcmin indicates an enhancement of contribution in the core of the cluster not only by SNIa but also by SNII.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures included (Fig.1 in color), LaTeX emulateapj5.sty, accepted for publication by the Astrophysical Journal
Genetic association of high-dimensional traits
Creators: name: Meyer, Hannah Verena
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Genomics
Imaging Genetics
GWAS
Dimensionality Reduction
Linear Mixed Models
High-dimensional phenotypes
Simulation
Model development
Cardiac Biology

description: Over the past ten years, more than 4,000 genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have helped to shed light on the genetic architecture of complex traits and diseases. In recent years, phenotyping of the samples has often gone beyond single traits and it has become common to record multi- to high-dimensional phenotypes for individu- als. Whilst these rich datasets offer the potential to analyse complex trait structures and pleiotropic effects at a genome-wide level, novel analytic challenges arise. This thesis summarises my research into genetic associations for high-dimensional phen- otype data. First, I developed a novel and computationally efficient approach for multivari- ate analysis of high-dimensional phenotypes based on linear mixed models, com- bined with bootstrapping (LiMMBo). Both in simulation studies and on real data, I demonstrate the statistical validity of LiMMBo and that it can scale to hundreds of phenotypes. I show the gain in power of multivariate analyses for high-dimensional phenotypes compared to univariate approaches, and illustrate that LiMMBo allows for detecting pleiotropy in a large number of phenotypic traits. Aside from their computational challenges in GWAS, the true dimensionality of very high-dimensional phenotypes is often unknown and lies hidden in high-dimen- sional space. Retaining maximum power for association studies of such phenotype data relies on using an appropriate phenotype representation. I systematically ana- lysed twelve unsupervised dimensionality reduction methods based on their per- formance in finding a robust phenotype representation in simulated data of different structure and size. I propose a stability criteria for choosing low-dimensional phen- otype representations and demonstrate that stable phenotypes can recover genetic associations. Finally, I analysed genetic variants for associations to high-dimensional cardiac phenotypes based on MRI data from 1,500 healthy individuals. I used an unsuper- vised approach to extract a low-dimensional representation of cardiac wall thickness and conducted a GWAS on this representation. In addition, I investigated genetic associations to a trabeculation phenotype generated from a supervised feature ex- traction approach on the cardiac MRI data. In summary, this thesis highlights and overcomes some of the challenges in per- forming genetic association studies on high-dimensional phenotypes. It describes new approaches for phenotype processing, and genotype to phenotype mapping for high-dimensional datasets, as well as providing new insights in the genetic structure of cardiac morphology in humans.
description: European Molecular Biology Laboratory
Maximum-likelihood absorption tomography
Creators: name: Rehacek, J.
name: Hradil, Z.
name: Zawisky, M.
name: Treimer, W.
name: Strobl, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Maximum-likelihood methods are applied to the problem of absorption tomography. The reconstruction is done with the help of an iterative algorithm. We show how the statistics of the illuminating beam can be incorporated into the reconstruction. The proposed reconstruction method can be considered as a useful alternative in the extreme cases where the standard ill-posed direct-inversion methods fail.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures