cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Modified Amino Acids and Insertion in Peptides and Mimetics.
Structural Aspects and Impact on Biological Activity.
Creators: name: De Marco, Rossella <1979>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: CHIM/06 Chimica organica

description: I studied the effects exerted by the modifications on structures and biological activities of the compounds so obtained. I prepared peptide analogues containing unusual amino acids such as halogenated, alkylated (S)- or (R)-tryptophans, useful for the synthesis of mimetics of the endogenous opioid peptide endomorphin-1, or 2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidine-4-carboxylic acids, utilized as pseudo-prolines having a clear all-trans configuration of the preceding peptide bond. The latter gave access to a series of constrained peptidomimetics with potential interest in medicinal chemistry and in the field of the foldamers. In particular, I have dedicated much efforts to the preparation of cyclopentapeptides containing D-configured, alfa-, or beta-aminoacids, and also of cyclotetrapeptides including the retro-inverso modification. The conformational analyses confirmed that these cyclic compounds can be utilized as rigid scaffolds mimicking gamma- or beta-turns, allowing to generate new molecular and 3D diversity. Much work has been dedicated to the structural analysis in solution and in the receptor-bound state, fundamental for giving a rationale to the experimentally determined bioactivity, as well as for predicting the activity of virtual compounds (in silico pre-screen). The conformational analyses in solution has been done mostly by NMR (2D gCosy, Roesy, VT, molecular dynamics, etc.). A special section is dedicated to the prediction of plausible poses of the ligands when bound to the receptors by Molecular Docking. This computational method proved to be a powerful tool for the investigation of ligand-receptor interactions, and for the design of selective agonists and antagonists. Another practical use of cyclic peptidomimetics was the synthesis and biological evaluation of cyclic analogues of endomorphin-1 lacking in a protonable amino group. The studies revealed that a inverse type II beta-turn on D-Trp-Phe constituted the bioactive conformation.
Space efficient opposed-anvil high-pressure cell and its application to optical and NMR measurements up to 9 GPa
Creators: name: Kitagawa, Kentaro
name: Gotou, Hirotada
name: Yagi, Takehiko
name: Yamada, Atsushi
name: Matsumoto, Takehiko
name: Uwatoko, Yoshiya
name: Takigawa, Masashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a new type of opposed-anvil high pressure cell with substantially improved space efficiency. The clamp cell and the gasket are made of non-magnetic Ni-Cr-Al alloy. Non-magnetic tungsten carbide (NMWC) is used for the anvils. The assembled cell with the dimension ϕ29mm \times 41mm is capable of generating pressure up to 9 GPa over a relatively large volume of 7 mm3. Our cell is particularly suitable for those experiments which require large sample space to achieve good signal-to-noise ratio, such as the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiment. Argon is used as the pressure transmitting medium to obtain good hydrostaticity. The pressure was calibrated in situ by measuring the fluorescence from ruby through a transparent moissanite (6H-SiC) window. We have measured the pressure and temperature dependences of the 63Cu nuclear-quadrupole-resonance (NQR) frequency of Cu2O, the in-plane Knight shift of metallic tin, and the Knight shift of platinum. These quantities can be used as reliable manometers to determine the pressure values in situ during the NMR/NQR experiments up to 9 GPa.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn
Application of pattern spectra and convolutional neural networks to the analysis of simulated Cherenkov Telescope Array data
Creators: name: Aschersleben, J.
name: Peletier, R. F.
name: Vecchi, M.
name: Wilkinson, M. H. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will be the next generation gamma-ray observatory and will be the major global instrument for very-high-energy astronomy over the next decade, offering 5 - 10 x better flux sensitivity than current generation gamma-ray telescopes. Each telescope will provide a snapshot of gamma-ray induced particle showers by capturing the induced Cherenkov emission at ground level. The simulation of such events provides images that can be used as training data for convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to determine the energy of the initial gamma rays. Compared to other state-of-the-art algorithms, analyses based on CNNs promise to further enhance the performance to be achieved by CTA. Pattern spectra are commonly used tools for image classification and provide the distributions of the shapes and sizes of various objects comprising an image. The use of relatively shallow CNNs on pattern spectra would automatically select relevant combinations of features within an image, taking advantage of the 2D nature of pattern spectra. In this work, we generate pattern spectra from simulated gamma-ray events instead of using the raw images themselves in order to train our CNN for energy reconstruction. This is different from other relevant learning and feature selection methods that have been tried in the past. Thereby, we aim to obtain a significantly faster and less computationally intensive algorithm, with minimal loss of performance.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, Proceedings of the 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2021), Berlin, Germany
Function of purpose in the legal system
Creators: name: Skonieczna, Vanda
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Most social practices nave some purpose or another to fulfil that justifies their existence. Indeed, we explain many formal and informal rules by reference to their particular raison d'etre. The reason for doing something, then, is clearly of major importance in considering the nature of the relevant practice as a whole. If this is true of informal social practices it must also follow for the legal system. The thesis of this essay, therefore, is that law is a purposeful activity and that such purposes have a very significant function within the system of law. Particular emphasis is placed upon the role that purpose plays in the decision-making process. It is argued to be a part of the law itself as opposed to some extra-legal criterion that may he taken into account. The law is not, in fact, neutral as to goals. The first chapter constitutes a study of the major theories of law in relation to their respective interpretations of the function of goals in the legal system. The schools of Positivism and Natural Law are examined as representing the polar positions in the debate. Then the intermediate standpoints of the Sociological jurisprudents and other writers are discussed. The basic issue here is whether it is at all possible to attribute an important role to purpose in this field. In chapter 2 a classification of goals is presented with a discussion of how it was derived and the problems that arose in doing so. If we are able to use goals in some way in the decisionmaking process it is necessary to look at various methods by which this can be done. This task is the subject of the final chapter. The problems involved in using goals and especially the fundamental difficulty of identifying the goals are examined. Some of the theories discussed in the first chapter are re-examined and evaluated. The possible limits upon the practicality of using purpose in the ways discussed have not yet become clear. However, it does appear that there is great potential for using purpose in the decision process. It offers a means for resolving many disputes and, frequently, even hard cases may be settled by looking to the purposes of the rules concerned. The exercise of drawing up a classification of goals has proved to be a practical method of assessing the viability of using purpose and a valuable indicator as to the major drawbacks to doing so successfully.
Nonuniformly Filled Vortex Rings in Nonlinear Optics
Creators: name: Ruban, Victor P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new type of long-lived solitary structures for paraxial optics with two circular polarizations of light in a homogeneous defocusing Kerr medium with an anomalous group velocity dispersion has been revealed numerically in the coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations. A found hybrid three-dimensional soliton is a vortex ring against the background of a plane wave in one of the components, and the core of the vortex is filled with another component nonuniformly in azimuth angle. The existence of such quasistationary structures with a reduced symmetry in a certain parametric region is due to the saturation of the so-called sausage instability caused by the effective surface tension of a domain wall between two polarizations.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, in English
Non-convex approaches for low-rank tensor completion under tubal sampling
Creators: name: Tan, Zheng
name: Huang, Longxiu
name: Cai, HanQin
name: Lou, Yifei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Tensor completion is an important problem in modern data analysis. In this work, we investigate a specific sampling strategy, referred to as tubal sampling. We propose two novel non-convex tensor completion frameworks that are easy to implement, named tensor $L_1$-$L_2$ (TL12) and tensor completion via CUR (TCCUR). We test the efficiency of both methods on synthetic data and a color image inpainting problem. Empirical results reveal a trade-off between the accuracy and time efficiency of these two methods in a low sampling ratio. Each of them outperforms some classical completion methods in at least one aspect.
Aplysia concava G. B. Sowerby I 1833
Creators: name: Nimbs, Matt J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Aplysiida
Aplysiidae
Aplysia
Aplysia concava

description: Aplysia concava G. B. Sowerby I, 1833
Fig. 1
 Sowerby I (1833) described Aplysia concava based on a shell from an unknown location. The type specimen could not be found at the UK Natural History Museum and is likely lost (A. Salvador pers. comm., cited in Golestani et al., 2019; Nimbs & Wilson, 2021).
 In accordance with Article 75.3 of The Code (ICZN 1999), specimen AMS C.574820 collected from Newcastle, NSW, on 14 December 2016 by Stephen D. A. Smith is here designated as neotype for Aplysia concava G. B. Sowerby I, 1833 for the purpose of clarifying the taxonomic status of the species (Fig. 1). Characters that define the neotype and differentiate it from other taxa in the Aplysia parvula s. l. species complex are listed in Nimbs & Wilson (2021).
 Although the type locality for Aplysia concava was not specified by Sowerby I, it was listed as “ Australia ” by Sowerby II in 1869. Given the broad geographic scope associated with this putative original type locality, a specimen collected from Newcastle, NSW on the central east Australian coast was selected as a reasonable neotype. The neotype has been lodged with the Australian Museum, Sydney, Australia (AMS C.574820).
description: Published as part of Nimbs, Matt J., 2021, Designation of a Neotype for the Dwarf Sea Hare Aplysia concava G. B. Sowerby I, 1833, and a Review of the Status of Aplysia norfolkensis G. B. Sowerby II, 1869 (Mollusca: Heterobranchia), pp. 147-151 in Records of the Australian Museum (Rec. Aust. Mus.) (Rec. Aust. Mus.) 73 (5) on page 148, DOI: 10.3853/j.2201-4349.73.2021.1773, http://zenodo.org/record/7178118
title: The integration of children with disabilities into the the mainstream: effects of school and age on mainstream children's attitudes toward disability
Creators: name: Maras, Pamela Frances
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2021

description: Two theoretical models of intergroup contact, both claiming to identify precursors for generalised attitude change were applied to the integration of children with disabilities into mainstream schools. One, Hewstone and Brown (1986) distinguishes between interpersonal and intergroup contact and proposes that the second of these, intergroup or categorized contact, will produce the most favourable attitudes towards the outgroup(s) as a whole. The other, Brewer and Miller (1984), argues that the key to successful contact between groups is to abandon all references to the different groups in an effort to 'decategorize' the situation. This, they believe, will lead to more interpersonal friendships forming across category boundaries and, eventually, to more positive intergroup attitudes in general. It was hypothesized that the first, categorised, theoretical stance would be the most conducive to generalised attitude change. 256 school children were interviewed and differences in the children's attitudes towards disability as an effect of the two types of contact with children with disabilities were detected. Data from the study demonstrate the criteria children use to categorise unknown disabled/non-disabled children and the potential relationship between this categorization and their expressions of liking (affect) and some of their perceptions of psychological and physical attributes (stereotypes) of groups of unknown children (disabled and non-disabled). Support was found for the categorized model of contact although findings were in a negative direction. A follow up quasi-experimental study looked at temproal effects of categorized contact in an integrated programme involving children with severe learning disabilities (SLD). A similar pattern to that in the main study was found in the initial categorizing strategies and evaluative judgements of both integrating and control children. At the end of the programme, the pattern stayed the same for the children in the control class. However, sorting strategies of the integrating children were more idiosyncratic and there were some very clear differences between the 'experimental' and 'control' children on a number of evaluative dimensions. Implications of findings for policy and current social psychological models of contact between groups and children's social development are discussed.
Parameter estimation in a growth model for a biological population
Creators: name: Pignotti, Elettra <1958>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2013
Subjects: SECS-S/04 Demografia

description: The motivating problem concerns the estimation of the growth curve of solitary corals that follow the nonlinear Von Bertalanffy Growth Function (VBGF). The most common parameterization of the VBGF for corals is based on two parameters: the ultimate length L∞ and the growth rate k. One aim was to find a more reliable method for estimating these parameters, which can capture the influence of environmental covariates. The main issue with current methods is that they force the linearization of VBGF and neglect intra-individual variability. The idea was to use the hierarchical nonlinear model which has the appealing features of taking into account the influence of collection sites, possible intra-site measurement correlation and variance heterogeneity, and that can handle the influence of environmental factors and all the reliable information that might influence coral growth. This method was used on two databases of different solitary corals i.e. Balanophyllia europaea and Leptopsammia pruvoti, collected in six different sites in different environmental conditions, which introduced a decisive improvement in the results. Nevertheless, the theory of the energy balance in growth ascertains the linear correlation of the two parameters and the independence of the ultimate length L∞ from the influence of environmental covariates, so a further aim of the thesis was to propose a new parameterization based on the ultimate length and parameter c which explicitly describes the part of growth ascribable to site-specific conditions such as environmental factors. We explored the possibility of estimating these parameters characterizing the VBGF new parameterization via the nonlinear hierarchical model. Again there was a general improvement with respect to traditional methods. The results of the two parameterizations were similar, although a very slight improvement was observed in the new one. This is, nevertheless, more suitable from a theoretical point of view when considering environmental covariates.
Additional file 1 of First description of antimicrobial resistance in carbapenem-susceptible Klebsiella pneumoniae after imipenem treatment, driven by outer membrane remodeling
Creators: name: Tian, Xuebin
name: Wang, Qiongdan
name: Perlaza-Jiménez, Laura
name: Zheng, Xiangkuo
name: Zhao, Yajie
name: Dhanasekaran, Vijay
name: Fang, Renchi
name: Li, Jiahui
name: Wang, Chong
name: Liu, Haiyang
name: Lithgow, Trevor
name: Cao, Jianming
name: Zhou, Tieli
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1.Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated during hospitalization. Table S2. Genomic DNA comparison between the tested strains, SNPs and (% identity). Table S3. MICs of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Table S4. The allelic profile of ST 660. Table S5. Genomic DNA assigned to plasmids.
Distribution in coprime residue classes of polynomially-defined multiplicative functions
Creators: name: Pollack, Paul
name: Roy, Akash Singha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 11A25, Secondary 11N36, 11N64

description: An integer-valued multiplicative function $f$ is said to be polynomially-defined if there is a nonconstant separable polynomial $F(T)\in \mathbb{Z}[T]$ with $f(p)=F(p)$ for all primes $p$. We study the distribution in coprime residue classes of polynomially-defined multiplicative functions, establishing equidistribution results allowing a wide range of uniformity in the modulus $q$. For example, we show that the values $ϕ(n)$, sampled over integers $n \le x$ with $ϕ(n)$ coprime to $q$, are asymptotically equidistributed among the coprime classes modulo $q$, uniformly for moduli $q$ coprime to $6$ that are bounded by a fixed power of $\log{x}$.
description: edited paragraph following Theorem 1.3, correcting a claim in the discussion of condition (i)
On the tropical Torelli map
Creators: name: Brannetti, Silvia
name: Melo, Margarida
name: Viviani, Filippo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14T05, 14H10, 14K10, 11H55, 05C22, 05B35, 52B12

description: We construct the moduli spaces of tropical curves and tropical principally polarized abelian varieties, working in the category of (what we call) stacky fans. We define the tropical Torelli map between these two moduli spaces and we study the fibers (tropical Torelli theorem) and the image of this map (tropical Schottky problem). Finally we determine the image of the planar tropical curves via the tropical Torelli map and we use it to give a positive answer to a question raised by Namikawa on the compactified classical Torelli map.
description: 36 pages. Final section updated. Final version, to appear in Adv. Math
The competitiveness of cruise tourism The case of Greece
Creators: name: Yfantis, Athanasios
name: Galanos George
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: cruise, competitiveness, spatial planning, local development

description: Cruise tourism is a dynamic sector of the global tourism industry. The annual growth rates of the cruise industry remain high globally and growth prospects remain significantly high, giving opportunities for economic growth in parts of the region. The study examines the current situation of the cruise activity in Greece and the competitiveness of Greek ports in relation to the sector in the rest of the Mediterranean. An analysis of the existing traffic of Greek ports is carried out and the institutional framework is examined through the perspective of spatial planning and how it provides the appropriate tools for the development of cruise tourism in Greece. In conclusion, it is noted that there is no need to adopt a new framework especially for Cruise Tourism, but the spatial impacts from the activity should be highlighted and taken into account significantly in spatial and urban planning at sub-regional level, through the GPS or SCHOAP, as well as the connection of planning levels.
description: {"references": ["\u2022\tBrida, J. G. and Zapata, S. (2010) 'Economic Impacts of Cruise Tourism: The Case of Costa Rica', Anatolia: An International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research, 21:2, 322-338", "\u2022\tEuropean Cruise Council (2008) 'The Cruise Industry: Contribution of Cruise Tourism to the Economies of Europe 2008 Edition', www.europeancruisecouncil.com, 20/1/2013", "\u2022\tCLIA (2012) '2012 Cruise Industry Update', http://www.cruising.org/sites/default/files/pressroom/2012CruiseIndustryUpdateFinal.pdf, 2/2/2013", "\u2022\tEuropean Cruise Council (2013) '2012/2013 report', www.europeancruisecouncil.com, 20/1/2013", "\u2022\tKlein, R. (2005) Cruise Ship Squeeze: The New Pirates of the Seven Seas, Canada: New Society Publisher", "\u2022\tMaru\u0161i\u0107, Z., Sever, I. & Ivandi\u0107, N. (2012) 'Mediterranean Cruise Itineraries and the Position of Dubrovnik', in Cruise Tourism and Society, eds A. Papathanassis, T.", "\u2022\tLekakou, M. B., Pallis, A. A. and Vaggelas, G. K. (2009) 'Which homeport in Europe: The cruise industry's selection criteria' TOURISMOS: An international multidisciplinary journal of tourism, 4:4, pp 215 \u2013 240", "\u2022\tNiavi, S. (2012) Methodological approach to the evaluation of the effectiveness and evaluation of the competitiveness of enterprises: The case of ports of the territorial unit of the Mediterranean, PhD Thesis, Volos: University of Thessaly"]}
High-power Soliton-induced Supercontinuum Generation and Tunable Sub-10-fs VUV Pulses from Kagome-lattice HC-PCFs
Creators: name: Im, Song-Jin
name: Husakou, Anton
name: Herrmann, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study a novel approach for soliton-induced high-power supercontinuum generation by using kagome lattice HC-PCFs filled with a noble gas. Anomalous dispersion and broad-band low loss of these fibers enable the generation of two-octave broad spectra by fs pulses, with high coherence and high spectral peak power densities up to five orders of magnitude larger than in standard PCFs. In addition, up to 20 percents of the output radiation energy forms a narrow UV/VUV band, which can be tuned by contolling the pressure in the range from 350 nm to 120 nm. In the temporal domain this corresponds to sub-10-fs UV/VUV pulses with pulse energy of few tens of microjoule, caused by the formation of a high-order soliton emitting non-solitonic radiation.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Affective Reactions and Test-driven Development: Experimental Package
Creators: name: Romano, Simone
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 80309 Software Engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: It contains the experimental package of "Affective Reactions and Test-driven Development: Results from Three Experiments and a Survey" by Baldassarre M. T. , Caivano D., Fucci D., Romano S., and Scanniello G.
Median structures on asymptotic cones and homomorphisms into mapping class groups
Creators: name: Behrstock, J.
name: Drutu, C.
name: Sapir, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F65, 20F69, 20F38, 22F50

description: The main goal of this paper is a detailed study of asymptotic cones of the mapping class groups. In particular, we prove that every asymptotic cone of a mapping class group has a bi-Lipschitz equivariant embedding into a product of real trees, sending limits of hierarchy paths onto geodesics, and with image a median subspace. One of the applications is that a group with Kazhdan's property (T) can have only finitely many pairwise non-conjugate homomorphisms into a mapping class group. We also give a new proof of the rank conjecture of Brock and Farb (previously proved by Behrstock and Minsky, and independently by Hamenstaedt).
description: final version, to appear in Proc. LMS
Implications for dwarf spheroidal mass content from interloper removal
Creators: name: Serra, Ana Laura
name: Angus, Garry W.
name: Diaferio, Antonaldo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the caustic method, we identify the member stars of five dwarf spheroidal (dSph) galaxies of the Milky Way, the smallest dark matter (DM) dominated systems in the Universe. After our interloper rejection, we compute line-of-sight velocity dispersion profiles that are substantially smoother than previous results. Moreover, two dSphs have line-of-sight velocity dispersions 20% smaller than previous calculations suggested. Our Jeans modelling confirms that the DM content interior to 300pc is roughly constant with satellite luminosity. Finally, if we assume that MOND provides the true law of gravity, our identification of interlopers implies that four dSphs have mass-to-light ratios in agreement with stellar population synthesis models, whereas Carina still has a mass-to-light ratio a factor of two too large and remains a problem for MOND.
description: A&A accepted, 13 pages, 14 figures, 4 tables
Trigonodes hyppasia
Creators: name: Aistleitner, Eyjolf
name: Behounek, Gottfried
name: Hoppe, Henri
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Erebidae
Trigonodes
Trigonodes hyppasia

description: Trigonodes hyppasia (CRAMER, 1779)
M a t e r i a l u n t e r s u c h t: Boavista, Rabil, Ribeira do Rabil, 20-30m, 2.- 3.1.2001, 2 ex., det. Behounek.
V e r b r e i t u n g: Afrika,MadegassischeRegion,Südostasien, Australis.
description: Published as part of Aistleitner, Eyjolf, Behounek, Gottfried & Hoppe, Henri, 2023, Ergänzende Daten zur Noctuiden-Fauna der Kapverden (Cabo Verde) (Lepidoptera, Nolidae, Erebidae, Noctuidae), pp. 475-506 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 54 (2) on page 489, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10414294
X-ray binaries and star formation at high redshifts
Creators: name: Sartorio, Nina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: X-Ray Binaries (XRBs) are binary systems in which the primary star is a compact object (black hole or neutron star) that accretes material from its companion, emitting copious amounts of X-rays in the process. These binaries are key in studying primordial star formation. XRBs are generally subdivided into binaries according to the mass of the secondary star. XRBs with high mass companions (HMXBs), due to the brevity of their existence, are good tracers of the star formation rate (SFR). The information of XRBs with low mass secondaries (LMXBs) can also give us an insight into the primordial IMF. Furthermore, X-ray emission increases the fraction of free electrons, which are catalysts for the formation of the main coolant for primordial gas: molecular hydrogen. This way, X-rays can help increase H2 abundance and facilitate star formation in metal free gas. We study the formation of XRBs, differentiating between LMXBs and HMXBs in Population III stars in minihalos using the population synthesis code Binary_C. We evolve thousands of binary systems through redshifts 30 until 15 for three different initial mass functions (top heavy, bottom heavy and flat). We analyse how XRB abundance varies over time, obtaining constraints for the X-ray background in the early universe for each of the modeled cases. In addition, we trace the number of XRBs that are LMXBs and HMXBs and analyse how we can recover clues about the early IMF and SFR from current observations.
An Accurate Process Induced Variability Aware Compact Model-based Circuit Performance Estimation for Design-Technology Co-optimization
Creators: name: Patil, Shubham
name: Rawat, Amita
name: Ganguly, Udayan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In sub-10nm FinFETs, Line-edge-roughness (LER) and metal-gate granularity (MGG) are the two most dominant sources of variability and are mostly modeled semi-empirically. In this work, compact models of LER and MGG are used. We show an accurate process-induced variability (PIV) aware compact model-based circuit performance estimation for Design-Technology Co-optimization (DTCO). This work is carried out using an experimentally validated BSIM-CMG model on a 7nm FinFET node. First, we have shown performance bench-marking of LER and MGG models with the state-of-the-art and shown {\textbackslash}4x({\textbackslash}2.3x) accuracy improvement for NMOS(PMOS) in the estimation of device figure of merits (DFoMs). Second, RO and SRAM circuits performance estimation is carried out for LER and MGG variability. Further, {\textbackslash}22\% more optimistic estimate of (σ/μ)\textsubscript{SHM} (Static Hold Margin) compared to the state-of-the-art model with V\textsubscript{DD} variation is shown. Finally, we demonstrate our improved DFoMs accuracy translated to more accurate circuits figure of merits (CFoMs) performance estimation. For worst-case SHM (3(σ/μ)\textsubscript{SHM}@VDD=0.75 V) compared to state-of-the-art, dynamic(standby) power reduction by {\textbackslash}73\%({\textbackslash}61\%) is shown. Thus, our enhanced variability model accuracy enables more credible DTCO with significantly better performance estimates.
description: 7 pages, 14 figures
Entanglement Dynamics in Two-Qubit Open System Interacting with a Squeezed Thermal Bath via Quantum Nondemolition interaction
Creators: name: Banerjee, Subhashish
name: Ravishankar, V.
name: Srikanth, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the dynamics of entanglement in a two-qubit system interacting with an initially squeezed thermal environment via a quantum nondemolition system-reservoir interaction, with the system and reservoir assumed to be initially separable. We compare and contrast the decoherence of the two-qubit system in the case where the qubits are mutually close-by (`collective regime') or distant (`localized regime') with respect to the spatial variation of the environment. Sudden death of entanglement (as quantified by concurrence) is shown to occur in the localized case rather than in the collective case, where entanglement tends to `ring down'. A consequence of the QND character of the interaction is that the time-evolved fidelity of a Bell state never falls below $1/\sqrt{2}$, a fact that is useful for quantum communication applications like a quantum repeater. Using a novel quantification of mixed state entanglement, we show that there are noise regimes where even though entanglement vanishes, the state is still available for applications like NMR quantum computation, because of the presence of a pseudo-pure component.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures, REVTeX4
Cultural Differences in Self-Expression on Facebook: A Comparison of Facebook Status Updates in Turkey and the U.S.A.
Creators: name: Günsoy, Ceren
name: Okten, Irmak Olcaysoy
name: Cross, Susan E.
name: Saribay, S. Adil
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Facebook behavior can reflect people’s cultural norms and motivations. Despite being a global platform, there is limited cross-cultural research on self-expression on Facebook. Compared to collectivistic cultures (e.g., Turkey), people from individualistic cultures (e.g., European-Americans) are more likely to have self-enhancement motivation about their internal attributes (e.g., accomplishments, preferences), to emphasize their uniqueness, and to display positivity bias. In this study, we examined people’s actual Facebook status updates and found that European-Americans were more likely than Turkish users to post updates about their personal achievements and positive attitudes. Moreover, Turkish users were more likely to post negative attitudes than positive attitudes. Furthermore, European-Americans’ self-enhancement and uniqueness motivation was positively associated with their likelihood of posting achievement updates, whereas Turkish users’ self-enhancement motivation was positively associated with their likelihood of posting relationship updates. This research is the first to examine actual Facebook status updates in relation to cultural differences in motivations.
Advanced optimal extraction for the Spitzer/IRS
Creators: name: Lebouteiller, V.
name: Bernard-Salas, J.
name: Sloan, G. C.
name: Barry, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new advances in the spectral extraction of point-like sources adapted to the Infrared Spectrograph onboard the Spitzer Space Telescope. For the first time, we created a super-sampled point spread function of the low-resolution modules. We describe how to use the point spread function to perform optimal extraction of a single source and of multiple sources within the slit. We also examine the case of the optimal extraction of one or several sources with a complex background. The new algorithms are gathered in a plugin called Adopt which is part of the SMART data analysis software.
description: Accepted for publication in PASP
Nuovo modello animale per lo studio della working memory: validazione farmacologica e applicazioni
Creators: name: Locchi, Federica <1980>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2009
Subjects: BIO/14 Farmacologia

description: The present study was performed to validate a spatial working memory task using pharmacological manipulations. The water escape T-maze, which combines the advantages of the Morris water maze and the T-maze while minimizes the disadvantages, was used. Scopolamine, a drug that affects cognitive function in spatial working memory tasks, significantly decreased the rat performance in the present delayed alternation task. Since glutamate neurotransmission plays an important role in the maintaining of working memory, we evaluated the effect of ionotropic and metabotropic glutamatergic receptors antagonists, administered alone or in combination, on rat behaviour. As the acquisition and performance of memory tasks has been linked to the expression of the immediately early gene cFos, a marker of neuronal activation, we also investigated the neurochemical correlates of the water escape T-maze after pharmacological treatment with glutamatergic antagonists, in various brain areas. Moreover, we focused our attention on the involvement of perirhinal cortex glutamatergic neurotransmission in the acquisition and/or
consolidation of this particular task. The perirhinal cortex has strong and reciprocal connections with both specific cortical sensory areas and some memory-related structures, including the hippocampal formation and amygdala. For its peculiar position, perirhinal cortex has been recently regarded as a key region in working memory processes, in particular in providing temporary maintenance of information. The effect of perirhinal cortex lesions with ibotenic acid on the acquisition and consolidation of the water escape T-maze task was evaluated. In conclusion, our data suggest that the water escape T-maze could be considered a valid, simple and quite fast method to assess spatial working memory, sensible to pharmacological
manipulations. Following execution of the task, we observed cFos expression in several brain regions. Furthermore, in accordance to literature, our results suggest that glutamatergic neurotransmission plays an important role in the acquisition and consolidation of working memory processes.
Model-Robust Inference for Clinical Trials that Improve Precision by Stratified Randomization and Covariate Adjustment
Creators: name: Wang, Bingkai
name: Susukida, Ryoko
name: Mojtabai, Ramin
name: Amin-Esmaeili, Masoumeh
name: Rosenblum, Michael
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Two commonly used methods for improving precision and power in clinical trials are stratified randomization and covariate adjustment. However, many trials do not fully capitalize on the combined precision gains from these two methods, which can lead to wasted resources in terms of sample size and trial duration. We derive consistency and asymptotic normality of model-robust estimators that combine these two methods, and show that these estimators can lead to substantial gains in precision and power. Our theorems cover a class of estimators that handle continuous, binary, and time-to-event outcomes; missing outcomes under the missing at random assumption are handled as well. For each estimator, we give a formula for a consistent variance estimator that is model-robust and that fully captures variance reductions from stratified randomization and covariate adjustment. Also, we give the first proof (to the best of our knowledge) of consistency and asymptotic normality of the Kaplan–Meier estimator under stratified randomization, and we derive its asymptotic variance. The above results also hold for the biased-coin covariate-adaptive design. We demonstrate our results using data from three trials of substance use disorder treatments, where the variance reduction due to stratified randomization and covariate adjustment ranges from 1% to 36%. Supplementary materials for this article, including a standardized description of the materials available for reproducing the work, are available as an online supplement.
Analysis of Strongly Non-linear Oscillators by He`s Improved Amplitude-Frequency Formulation
Creators: name: Azami, R.
name: Ganji, D. D.
name: Davodi, A. G.
name: Babazadeh, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this work, we implement a relatively new analytical technique, the Improved Amplitude-Frequency Formulation (IAFF) method, approach for solving accurate approximate analytical solutions for strong nonlinear oscillators, which may contain high nonlinear terms. This method can be used to obtain analytic and approximate solutions of different types of fractional differential equations applied in engineering mathematics. The solutions obtained are compared with those obtained by the Harmonic balance method (HBM) and Exact method, showing excellent agreement. We find that these attained solutions are not only with high degree of accuracy, but also uniformly valid in the whole solution domain which are so simple-to-do and effective.
On the existence of cosmological event horizon
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Sourav
name: Lahiri, Amitabha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that, for general static or axisymmetric stationary spacetimes, a cosmological Killing horizon exists only if $R_{ab}n^{a}n^{b}< 0$ for a hypersurface orthogonal timelike $n^{a}$, at least over some portion of the region of interest of the manifold. This implies violation of the strong energy condition by the matter fields, the simplest example of which is a positive cosmological constant.
description: v2: 7p. title changed, discussions and references added
Additional file 1 of Rutin prevents tau pathology and neuroinflammation in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease
Creators: name: Sun, Xiao-ying
name: Li, Ling-jie
name: Dong, Quan-Xiu
name: Zhu, Jie
name: Huang, Ya-ru
name: Hou, Sheng-jie
name: Yu, Xiao-lin
name: Liu, Rui-tian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1:. Fig.S1 Tau oligomer preparation and control dot-blots of brain lysates without primary antibody OC. a Tau oligomer preparation by size exclusion chromatography. b Oligomer native gel electrophoresis visualized by coomassie stain, followed by western blot using HT-7 antibody. c Control dot-blots of brain lysates were probed without primary antibody OC, or using β-actin as a control. The blots were stained for total protein with Ponceau S simultaneously. Fig.S2. The motor performance of mice in behavioral test. a The travelled distance in probe trial of MWM. b The swim speed in MWM. c The travelled distance in Y-maze. d The velocity of mice in Y-maze. e The travelled distance in NOR. f The total exploration time in NOR. Fig.S3 Rutin rescues synapse loss in Tau-P301S mice. PSD95 immunostaining and synaptophysin immunostaining in the brains of Tau-P301S mice and their WT littermates treated with rutin or vehicle. (Scale bar: 10 μm). Fig.S4 Rutin prevents microglial synapse engulfment in Tau-P301S mice. Representative images show the engulfed PSD95 (red) puncta within Iba-1+ (green) microglial cells in the brains of Tau-P301S mice and their WT littermates treated with rutin or vehicle. (Scale bar: cyan, 25 μm; white, 20 μm).
Dusona argentopilosa, nov.spec.
Creators: name: Madl, Michael
name: S, Osprynchotus
name: H, Afrobystra
name: H, Afromelanichneumon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Dusona
Dusona argentopilosa

description: Dusona argentopilosa (ENDERLEIN, 1921)
 Zachresta argentopilosa nov.spec.: ENDERLEIN 1921: 38 (description ♁, Asmara).
 Dusona argentopilosa (ENDERLEIN, 1921): TOWNES & TOWNES 1973: 154 (taxonomy, Asmara, catalogue Afrotropical region: Ethiopia = Eritrea).
 Dusona argentopilosa (ENDERLEIN, 1921): YU & HORSTMANN 1997a: 143 (world catalogue: Ethiopia = Eritrea).
 Dusona argentopilosa (ENDERLEIN, 1921): LUHMAN & HUFLEJT 1999: 77 (taxonomy, Asmara, type catalogue Museum and Institute of Zoology PAS, Warsaw).
D i s t r i b u t i o n:Asmara.
 Dusona argentopilosa is known only from Eritrea.
description: Published as part of Madl, Michael, S, Osprynchotus, H, Afrobystra & H, Afromelanichneumon, 2023, A catalogue of the family Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonoidea) of Eritrea, pp. 527-536 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 54 (2) on page 528, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10414404
Regular Kac-Moody superalgebras and integrable highest weight modules
Creators: name: Hoyt, Crystal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We define regular Kac-Moody superalgebras and classify them using integrable modules. We give conditions for irreducible highest weight modules of regular Kac-Moody superalgebras to be integrable. This paper is a major part of the proof for the classification of finite-growth contragredient Lie superalgebras.
description: added reference; corrected typos
Constraints on parameters of models with extra dimension from primordial nucleosynthesis
Creators: name: Iofa, Mikhail. Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: 5D models with one 3D brane and one infinite extra dimension are studied. Matter is confined to the brane, gravity extends to the bulk. Models with positive and negative tension of the brane are studied. Cosmological solutions on the brane are obtained by solving the generalized Friedmann equation. As the input in cosmological solutions we use the present-time observational cosmological parameters. We find constraints on dimensionless combinations of scales of 5D models which follow from the requirement that the models reproduce the data on production of ${}^4 He$ in primordial nucleosynthesis.
description: 12 pages
Running vacuum in the Universe: phenomenological status in light of the latest observations, and its impact on the $σ_8$ and $H_0$ tensions
Creators: name: Peracaula, Joan Sola
name: Gomez-Valent, Adria
name: Perez, Javier de Cruz
name: Moreno-Pulido, Cristian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A substantial body of phenomenological and theoretical work over the last few years strengthens the possibility that the vacuum energy density (VED) of the universe is dynamical, and in particular that it adopts the `running vacuum model' (RVM) form, in which the VED evolves mildly as $δρ_{\rm vac}(H)\sim ν_{\rm eff} m_{\rm Pl}^2{\cal O}\left(H^2\right)$, where $H$ is the Hubble rate and $ν_{\rm eff}$ is a (small) free parameter. This dynamical scenario is grounded on recent studies of quantum field theory (QFT) in curved spacetime and also on string theory. It turns out that what we call the `cosmological constant', $Λ$, is no longer a rigid parameter but the nearly sustained value of $8πG(H)ρ_{\rm vac}(H)$ around (any) given epoch $H(t)$, where $G(H)$ is the gravitational coupling, which can also be very mildly running (logarithmically). Of particular interest is the possibility suggested in past works that such a running may help to cure the cosmological tensions afflicting the $Λ$CDM. In the current study, we reanalyze it in full and we find it becomes further buttressed. Using the modern cosmological data, namely a compilation of the latest $SNIa+BAO+$H(z)$+LSS+CMB$ observations, we probe to which extent the RVM provides a quality fit better than the concordance $Λ$CDM model, paying particular emphasis on its impact on the $σ_8$ and $H_0$ tensions. We utilize the Einstein-Boltzmann system solver $CLASS$ and the Monte Carlo sampler $MontePython$ for the statistical analysis, as well as the statistical $DIC$ criterion to compare the running vacuum against the rigid vacuum ($ν_{\rm eff} = 0$). We show that with a tiny amount of vacuum dynamics ($|ν_{\rm eff}|\ll 1$) the global fit can improve significantly with respect to the $Λ$CDM and the mentioned tensions may subside to inconspicuous levels.
description: 47 pages, 11 Tables and 4 Figures. Expanded discussion and references added. Version accepted for publication in Universe