cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Direct Evidence for an Enhancement of Helium in Giant Stars in Omega Centauri
Creators: name: Dupree, A. K.
name: Strader, Jay
name: Smith, Graeme H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The double main sequence identified in the globular cluster Omega Centauri has been interpreted using isochrones to indicate a large variation in the abundance of helium. If true, a helium enhancement carries strong implications for the chemical and stellar evolutionary history of this cluster. However, only indirect measures currently support this conjecture. We report the discovery of a variation in the line strength of the near-infrared He I 10830 A transition in twelve similar red giants in Omega Centauri observed with PHOENIX on Gemini-S. Abundances of these stars derived from Magellan/MIKE spectra taken at Las Campanas Observatory show that the helium transition is not detected in the most metal-poor population ([Fe/H] < -1.8), yet is present in the majority of stars with [Fe/H] >= -1.8. These observations give the first direct evidence for an enhancement of helium in Omega Centauri. The appearance of helium appears better correlated with increased [Al/Fe] and [Na/Fe] abundances than as a function of [Fe/H], giving observational support to the presence of high-temperature H-burning in a prior generation of stars.
description: ApJ in press. 29 pages, 11 figures
Automorphism groups of some pure braid groups
Creators: name: Cohen, Daniel C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F36, 20E36

description: We find finite presentations for the automorphism group of the Artin pure braid group and the automorphism group of the pure braid group associated to the full monomial group.
Corrosion Models, Diagnosis and Prognosis in Offshore Wind Turbine Towers
Creators: name: Agusmian Partogi Ompusunggu
name: Brijder, Robert
name: Helsen, Stijn
name: Hagen, Catalina H. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: wind
wind power
wind turbines
floating wind
offshore wind

description: This presentation was part of the EERA JP Wind WORKSHOP on Ongoing research in offshore wind structures (September 16 & 17, 2021, hybrid event in Amsterdam and online).
Type IIP Supernova 2009kf: Explosion Driven by Black Hole Accretion?
Creators: name: Utrobin, V. P.
name: Chugai, N. N.
name: Botticella, M. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unusually bright type IIP supernova (SN) 2009kf is studied employing the hydrodynamic modelling. We derived optimal values of the ejecta mass of 28.1 Msun, explosion energy of 2.2x10^{52} erg, and presupernova radius of 2x10^3 Rsun assuming that Ni-56 mass is equal to the upper limit of 0.4 Msun. We analyzed effects of the uncertainties in the extinction and Ni-56 mass and concluded that both the ejecta mass and explosion energy cannot be significantly reduced compared with the optimal values. The huge explosion energy of SN 2009kf indicates that the explosion is caused by the same mechanism which operates in energetic SNe Ibc (hypernovae), i.e., via a rapid disk accretion onto black hole. The ejecta mass combined with the black hole mass and the mass lost by stellar wind yields the progenitor mass of about 36 Msun. We propose a scenario in which massive binary evolution might result in the SN 2009kf event.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Perineurial glia regulate morphology of the Drosophila nervous system
Creators: name: Petley-Ragan, Lindsay Madeleine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: The nervous system is surrounded by neural lamella composed of large glycoproteins including perlecan, collagen and laminin, which bind to underlying perineurial glial cells. The function of perineurial glia and their interaction with the neural lamella is just beginning to be elucidated. Previous studies have demonstrated that integrin is critical for glial wrapping in both vertebrates and Drosophila. Therefore, we have focused on perineurial glia and the role of laminin, an integrin ligand, and basigin, a transmembrane protein known to interact with integrin. Laminin is a heterotrimer composed of an alpha (LanA or Wb), beta (LanB1) and gamma (LanB2) subunit and we demonstrate that LanB2 loss in glia results in accumulation of LanB1 leading to distended ER, ER stress and glial swelling in addition to decreased larval locomotion and lethality. Loss of LanB2 in wrapping glia affected glial ensheathment of axons but surprisingly not larval locomotion. We found that Tango1, a protein thought to exclusively mediate collagen secretion, is also important for laminin secretion in glia via a collagen-independent mechanism. We conclude that it is the loss of one laminin subunit that leads to deleterious consequences through the accumulation of the remaining subunits. Basigin is a highly conserved transmembrane protein involved in cancer metastasis, however its developmental roles are just beginning to be elucidated. We show that basigin is specifically expressed in perineurial glia where it is present in a complex with integrin. Basigin knockdown resulted in a shortened ventral nerve cord, ruffles in the peripheral nerves as well as a collapsed actin cytoskeleton and a redistribution of myosin motors in perineurial glia. We examined the domains within basigin that are required for association with integrin and also examined the effect of basigin knockdown on integrin-associated proteins. Together, the results in this thesis highlight the role of perineurial glia in secreting laminin, facilitating larval locomotion and regulating both central and peripheral nervous system morphology in Drosophila. Due to the conserved structure and function of glia between vertebrates and Drosophila, these results will help direct future research on how perineurial glia regulate nervous system development.
U-duality and non-BPS solutions
Creators: name: Dall'Agata, Gianguido
name: Giusto, Stefano
name: Ruef, Clement
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the explicit action of the U-duality group of the STU model on both BPS and non-BPS extremal multi-center solutions. As the class of known non-BPS extremal solutions is not closed under U-duality, we generate in this way new solutions. These should represent the most general class of extremal non-BPS multi-center under-rotating solutions of the STU model.
description: LaTeX, 50 pages, 1 figure
Additional file 3 of Evaluating the implementation of the SWITCH® school wellness intervention and capacity-building process through multiple methods
Creators: name: McLoughlin, Gabriella M.
name: Candal, Priscila
name: Vazou, Spyridoula
name: Lee, Joey A.
name: Dzewaltowski, David A.
name: Rosenkranz, Richard R.
name: Lanningham-Foster, Lorraine
name: Gentile, Douglas A.
name: Liechty, Laura
name: Senlin Chen
name: Welk, Gregory J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 3: Appendix C. Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) Codebook.
Synthetic photometry for carbon-rich giants II. The effects of pulsation and circumstellar dust
Creators: name: Nowotny, Walter
name: Aringer, Bernhard
name: Höfner, Susanne
name: Lederer, Michael T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using self-consistent dynamic model atmospheres which simulate pulsation-enhanced dust-driven winds of AGB stars we studied in detail the influence of (i) pulsations of the stellar interiors, and (ii) the development of dusty stellar winds on the spectral appearance of long period variables with carbon-rich atmospheric chemistry. While the pulsations lead to large-amplitude photometric variability, the dusty envelopes cause pronounced circumstellar reddening. Based on one selected dynamical model which is representative of C-type Mira variables with intermediate mass loss rates, we calculated synthetic spectra and photometry for standard broad-band filters from the visual to the near-infrared. Our modelling allows to investigate in detail the substantial effect of circumstellar dust on the resultant photometry. The pronounced absorption of amorphous carbon dust grains leads to colour indices which are significantly redder than the corresponding ones based on hydrostatic dust-free models. Only if we account for this circumstellar reddening we get synthetic colours that are comparable to observations of evolved AGB stars. The photometric variations of the dynamical model were compared to observed lightcurves of the C-type Mira RU_Vir which appears to be quite similar to the model. We found good agreement concerning the principal behaviour of the BVRIJHKL lightcurves and also quantitatively fitting details. The analysed model is able to reproduce the variations of RU_Vir and other Miras in (J-H) vs. (H-K) diagrams throughout the light cycle. Contrasting the model photometry with observational data for a variety of galactic C-rich giants in such colour-colour diagrams proved that the chosen atmospheric model fits well into a sequence of objects with increasing mass loss rates, i.e., redder colour indices.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
RF energy harvesting in a decode-and-forward wireless relay network
Creators: name: Elmorshedy, Lina
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: Wireless communication has experienced tremendous growth over the past three decades. This led to the development of many novel technologies aimed at enhancing the system performance due to the limited availability of radio resources. Cooperative relaying is a promising technology which enhances transmission reliability using simple hardware. However, the extra power consumed for the process of information relaying may be an issue. Recent advances in wireless energy transfer have made it possible for self-sustainable relays that power themselves by capturing ambient energy wirelessly. In this thesis we focus on two technologies, namely, cooperative relaying which enhances the energy efficiency and reliability by allowing multi-hop communication with low power nodes, and Radio Frequency (RF) energy harvesting which obviates the need for a battery by capturing the ambient RF energy and using it as a source power. In the first part of the thesis, we study RF energy harvesting in a Decode-and-Forward (DF) Wireless Relay Network (WRN) in the presence of an interferer node. We consider the Time Switching Relaying (TSR) protocol, the Power Splitting Relaying (PSR) protocol and we propose a new hybrid TSR-PSR protocol. We derive expressions for the outage probability and throughput in the delay-sensitive transmission mode for the three relaying protocols, and compare their performances. For simplicity, we neglect the energy harvested from the interferer signal. In the second part, we study the general case in which we include the effect of harvesting energy from the interferer signal. Expressions for the outage probability and throughput in the delay-sensitive transmission mode are derived for the three relaying protocols. Numerical results are presented to illustrate the effect of including RF energy harvesting from the interferer. In the third part, we study shared and non-shared power allocation schemes for a two-hop DF WRN with multiple source-destination pairs. The pairs communicate via a single relay which harvests RF energy from the source transmissions in the presence of an interfering signal. The studied schemes are compared in terms of outage probability, throughput in the delay-sensitive transmission mode and fairness.
MPEC 2025-F227 : 2022 PM
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
On the Thermal Stability of Graphone
Creators: name: Podlivaev, A. I.
name: Openov, L. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecular dynamics simulation is used to study thermally activated migration of hydrogen atoms in graphone, a magnetic semiconductor formed of a graphene monolayer with one side covered with hydrogen so that hydrogen atoms are adsorbed on each other carbon atom only. The temperature dependence of the characteristic time of disordering of graphone via hopping of hydrogen atoms to neighboring carbon atoms is established directly. The activation energy of this process is found to be Ea=(0.05+-0.01) eV. The small value of Ea points to extremely low thermal stability of graphone, this being a serious handicap for practical use of the material in nanoelectronics.
description: 3 figures
The detrimental molten pool narrowing phenomenon in wire feed laser beam welding and its suppression by magnetohydrodynamic technique
Creators: name: Meng, Xiangmeng
name: Artinov, Antoni
name: Bachmann, Marcel
name: Üstündağ, Ömer
name: Gumenyuk, Andrey
name: Rethmeier, Michael
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
subject: thermo-fluid flow
subject: element transport
subject: laser beam welding
subject: magnetohydrodynamics
subject: multi-physical modeling

description: Element transport in the wire feed laser beam welding (WFLBW) is directly determined by the molten pool shape and thermo-fluid flow therein. In this paper, an untypical molten pool profile, i.e., elongated at its top and bottom but narrowed at the middle, is found experimentally by real-time metal/glass observation and numerically by multi-physical modeling. Ex-situ X-ray fluorescence element mapping is used to characterize the element dilution status in the fusion zone. For the first time, the detrimental influence of the molten pool narrowing on the element transport is identified and discussed, combining the experimental and numerical results. A magnetohydrodynamic technique is utilized to suppress the narrowing, aiming at a more homogenous element distribution. It is found that due to the interaction of the two dominant circulations from the top and bottom regions of the molten pool, a low-temperature region is formed. It leads to an untypical growth of the mushy zone, narrowing the molten pool in the middle region. Its detrimental effect on material mixing is non-negligible considering the direct blocking effect on the downward flow and the premature solidification at the middle region. The Lorentz force from a transverse oscillating magnetic field can change the flow pattern into a single-circulation type. The downward transfer channel is widened, and its premature solidification is prevented because the low-temperature-gradient region is mitigated. This paper provides a supplementary reason regarding the common issue of insufficient material mixing during LBW, and a promising technique to optimize the process.
Electronic correlations in iron-pnictide superconductors and beyond; what can we learn from optics
Creators: name: Degiorgi, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Coulomb repulsion, impeding electrons' motion, has an important impact on the charge dynamics. It mainly causes a reduction of the effective metallic Drude weight (proportional to the so-called optical kinetic energy), encountered in the optical conductivity, with respect to the expectation within the nearly-free electron limit (defining the so-called band kinetic energy), as evinced from band-structure theory. In principle, the ratio between the optical and band kinetic energy allows defining the degree of electronic correlations. Through spectral weight arguments based on the excitation spectrum, we provide an experimental tool, free from any theoretical or band-structure based assumptions, in order to estimate the degree of electronic correlations in several systems. We first address the novel iron-pnictide superconductors, which serve to set the stage for our approach. We then revisit a large variety of materials, ranging from superconductors, to Kondo-like systems as well as materials close to the Mott-insulating state. As comparison we also tackle materials, where the electron-phonon coupling dominates. We establish a direct relationship between the strength of interaction and the resulting reduction of the optical kinetic energy of the itinerant charge carriers.
Transitioning towards sustainable digital business models
Creators: name: Ferreboeuf, Hugues
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::650 Management, Öffentlichkeitsarbeit::658 Allgemeines Management
subject: sustainable digital business models
subject: green digital business models
subject: business model transition
subject: digitalization
subject: sustainability

description: The unsustainable growth of the digital environmental footprint over the last decade is due to the rapid growth of digital “volumes”, which have outpaced efficiency gains. This growth is a result of the business models of the dominant players of the digital economy, namely the largest digital platforms (GAFAM, BATX ) and their derivatives (Netflix, TikTok etc..). To make digitalization sustainable, a transition away from these digital superpowers is necessary, and alternative, sustainable business models must be adopted. The initiation and acceleration of this transition requires the implementation of appropriate public policies.
Low Complexity Hybrid Precoding and Combining for Millimeter Wave Systems
Creators: name: Alouzi, Mohamed
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2023
Subjects: hybrid beamforming
millimeter wave
massive MIMO
deap learning algorithms
5G systems
wireless communication

description: The evolution to 5G and its use cases is driven by data-intensive applications requiring higher data rates over wireless channels. This has led to research in massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) techniques and the use of the millimeter wave (mm wave) band. Because of the higher path loss at mm wave frequencies and the poor scattering nature of the mm wave channel (fewer paths exist), this thesis first proposes the use of the sphere decoding (SD) algorithm, and the semidefinite relaxation (SDR) detector to improve the performance of a uniform planar array (UPA) hybrid beamforming technique with large antenna arrays. The second contributions of this thesis consist of a low-complexity algorithm using the gradient descent for hybrid precoding and combining designs in mm wave systems. Also, in this thesis we present a low-complexity algorithm for hybrid precoding and combining designs that uses momentum gradient descent and Newton’s Method for mm wave systems which makes the objective function converge faster compared to other iterative methods in the literature; the two proposed low-complexity algorithms for hybrid precoding and combining do not depend on the antenna array geometry, unlike the orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) hybrid precoding/combining approach. Moreover, these algorithms allow hybrid precoders/combiners to yield a performance very close to that of the optimal unconstrained digital precoders and combiners with a small number of iterations. Simulation results verify that the proposed hybrid precoding/combining scheme that uses momentum gradient descent and Newton’s Method outperforms previous methods that appear in the literature in terms of bit error rate (BER) and achievable spectral efficiency with lower complexity. Finally, an iterative algorithm that directly converts the hybrid precoding/combining in the full array (FA) architecture to subarray (SA) architecture is proposed and examined in this thesis. It is called direct conversion of iterative hybrid precoding/combining from FA to SA (DCIFS) hybrid precoding/combining. The proposed DCIFS design takes into consideration the matrix structure of the analog and baseband precoding and combining in the design derivation. Moreover, it does not depend on the antenna array geometry, unlike other techniques, such as the orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) hybrid precoding/combining approach, nor does it assume any other constraints. Simulation results show that the proposed DCIFS hybrid design, when compared to the FA hybrid designs counterpart, can provide a spectral efficiency that is close to optimum while maintaining a very low complexity and better spectral efficiency than the conventional SA hybrid design with the same hardware complexity.
INITIAL ITERATIONS IN THE DESIGN OF AN INNOVATIVE FLOATING PLATFORM FOR WIND ENERGY PRODUCTION IN DEEP WATERS.
Creators: name: Serret, Jordi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: wind
wind power
wind turbines
floating wind
offshore wind

description: This presentation was part of the EERA JP Wind WORKSHOP on Ongoing research in offshore wind structures (September 16 & 17, 2021, hybrid event in Amsterdam and online).
Non-uniform dependence on initial data for the CH equation on the line
Creators: name: Himonas, A. Alexandrou
name: Kenig, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q53

description: We show the lack of uniform continuity of the flow map for the Camassa-Holm equation on the line, in the Sobolev spaces of index s > 3/2.
description: This is a corrected version of the paper that appeared in Diff. and Int. Eqns. 22 (2009), 201-224. We are indebted to Yanggeng Fu for pointing out that our argument only applies in the range s > 3/2 and not in the range s > 1 as originally stated
Additional file 1 of The insurability of innovative pharmaceutical cancer technologies
Creators: name: Shuli Brammli Greenberg
name: Dotan, Einat
name: Arazi, Rachel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1. Insurability criteria and related requirements [13–17].
Some generalizations of the Raychaudhuri equation
Creators: name: Abreu, Gabriel
name: Visser, Matt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Raychaudhuri equation has seen extensive use in general relativity, most notably in the development of various singularity theorems. In this rather technical article we shall generalize the Raychaudhuri equation in several ways. First an improved version of the standard timelike Raychaudhuri equation is developed, where several key terms are lumped together as a divergence. This already has a number of interesting applications, both within the ADM formalism and elsewhere. Second, a spacelike version of the Raychaudhuri equation is briefly discussed. Third, a version of the Raychaudhuri equation is developed that does not depend on the use of normalized congruences. This leads to useful formulae for the "diagonal" part of the Ricci tensor. Fourth, a "two vector" version of the Raychaudhuri equation is developed that uses two congruences to effectively extract "off diagonal" information concerning the Ricci tensor.
description: 8 pages
Additional file 2 of An ensemble learning with active sampling to predict the prognosis of postoperative non-small cell lung cancer patients
Creators: name: Hu, Danqing
name: Zhang, Huanyao
name: Li, Shaolei
name: Duan, Huilong
name: Wu, Nan
name: Lu, Xudong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2. The sensitivity and specificity values of the base classifier algorithms and the ELAS.
NAOMEE: Nucleic Acid Origami Minimal Exchange Format
Creators: name: Connolly, Jordan
name: Shirt-Ediss, Benjamin
name: Torelli, Emanuela
name: Hobbs, Leanne
name: Bacardit, Jaume
name: Krasnogor, Natalio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Nucleic Acid Origami
Data Exchange
Minimal Format
DNA/RNA Nanotechnology

description: Nucleic Acid Origami [1] are 2D or 3D nanostructures, comprised of biological or synthetically derived sequences of nucleic acid bases (DNA, RNA or Hybrid). DNA origami, first proposed by P. Rothemund [1], has seen an explosion of research and applications. Literature describing DNA/RNA Origami often share designs as a list of staple sequences (in Supporting Material) or include more complex details using a variety of available design tools (e.g. cadnano, CanDo, oxDNA, Athena, etc). We present progress towards a curated database of origami, containing origami instances from over 900 papers from the literature, with a minimal information format that includes lab protocols, design details and sequence details for Nucleic Acid Origami nanostructures. Where structures have been modified, we also present ideas of working towards a domain specific Markdown Language, that will allow a minimal representation of the staple and scaffold sequences. When combined, these provide a Minimal Exchange Format for researchers sharing Nucleic Acid Origami designs and experimental details. [1] Paul W. K. Rothemund. Folding DNA to create nanoscale shapes and patterns. Nature, 440(7082):297–302, March 2006.
title: Constructing efficient self-organising application layer multicast overlays
Creators: name: Tan, Su-Wei
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2021

description: This thesis investigates efficient techniques to build both low cost (i.e. low resource usage) and low delay ALM trees. We focus on self-organising distributed proposals that use limited information about the underlying physical network, limited coordination between the members, and construct overlays with bounded branching degree subject to the bandwidth constraint of each individual member.
Characterization and Development of an Enzymatically Signal-Enhanced Lateral Flow Assay Test for HIV Detection Using the P24 Antigen
Creators: name: Thakkar, Pankti Rajesh
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medical devices
Biomedical engineering not elsewhere classified
Biofabrication

description: In 2021, an estimated 1.5 million people were diagnosed with HIV globally, increasing the total to 38.4 million people. Approximately 16% of this population were unaware of their infected status and required HIV testing, which is a critical first step in HIV prevention, treatment, and care. Hence, there is a need to develop a rapid, user-friendly, and cost-effective point-of-care test for HIV detection. The time between HIV infection and a detectable host HIV antibody concentration can extend up to 90 days. By incorporating more sensitive testing for the HIV p24 antigen on the virus, the diagnosis lag can be reduced to 17 days. This window could be further shortened by using horseradish peroxidase (HRP) enzyme as a signal enhancement technique. The work herein focuses on developing an enzymatically signal-enhanced lateral flow assay test for the p24 antigen to detect HIV during the acute phase of infection. Conjugation chemistry for the sandwich assay was characterized using DLS and UV-Vis. Dot blots were then used to assess and enhance the functionality of the individual components via a visual color gradient formed by the protein coupled with antibody-conjugated gold nanoparticles. A quantitative analysis was performed using ImageJ software through signal pixel intensity analysis. A limit of detection (LoD) of 6 ng/mL was obtained for the detection of the p24 antigen. This LoD was improved to 0.2 ng/mL by incorporating HRP signal enhancement with the diaminobenzidine substrate. This 30x signal improvement could drive down the LoD even further to improve the sensitivity of the commercial p24 antigen tests. Different fabrication and scalability studies were performed to produce a cost- efficient, fully functional prototype of a paper-based lateral flow device incorporating the signal- enhanced p24 assay. This study serves as a solid foundation to research focused on creating more efficient point-of-care tests that can be used in resource-limited settings to provide early detection of HIV for the 6 million individuals who are currently unaware of their HIV status.
Dynamical scaling of the critical velocity for the onset of turbulence in oscillatory superflows
Creators: name: Hänninen, R.
name: Schoepe, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The critical velocity v_c for the onset of turbulence in oscillatory flows of superfluid helium is known to depend on the oscillation frequency omega, namely v_c ~ sqrt(kappa*omega) where kappa is the circulation quantum. Only the numerical prefactor may have some geometry dependence. This universal behaviour was described earlier qualitatively either by employing the superfluid Reynolds number or by extending known dc vortex dynamics to ac flow. In our present work we emphasize that v_c(omega) ~ sqrt(omega) can also be derived rigorously by means of dynamical scaling of equations of vortex dynamics as pointed out by Kotsubo and Swift already two decades ago.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
All-optical trion generation in single walled carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Santos, Silvia
name: Yuma, Bertrand
name: Berciaud, Stéphane
name: Shaver, Jonah
name: Gallart, Mathieu
name: Gilliot, Pierre
name: Cognet, Laurent
name: Lounis, Brahim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present evidence of all optical trion generation and emission in undoped single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). Luminescence spectra, recorded on individual SWCNTs over a large CW excitation intensity range, show trion emission peaks red-shifted with respect to the bright exciton peak. Clear chirality dependence is observed for 22 separate SWCNT species, allowing for determination of electron-hole exchange interaction and trion binding energy contributions. Luminescence data together with ultrafast pump probe experiments on chirality sorted bulk samples suggest that exciton-exciton annihilation processes generate dissociated carriers that allow for trion creation upon a subsequent photon absorption event.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
Codes
Creators: name: Shibly, Moynuddin Ahmed
name: Tani, Tanzina Akter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 80104 Computer Vision

description: The codes for the study entitled "Autoencoder and Generative Adversarial Network to Improve the Performance of Bangla Handwritten Character Recognition".
Additional file 3 of An ensemble learning with active sampling to predict the prognosis of postoperative non-small cell lung cancer patients
Creators: name: Hu, Danqing
name: Zhang, Huanyao
name: Li, Shaolei
name: Duan, Huilong
name: Wu, Nan
name: Lu, Xudong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 3. The sensitivity and specificity values of the ensemble algorithms, resampling algorithms, and the ELAS.
Bunching, cooling, and measuring of radioactive isotopes for nuclear physics
Creators: name: Bale, Jeffrey Charles
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: TRIUMF is currently undergoing a major expansion of its capabilities to produce exotic ion beams for experiments. In this thesis, I review a portion of the new infrastructure that I helped to design, the CANadian Rare-isotope facility with Electron-Beam ion source’s Radio Frequency Quadrupole buncher and cooler. The portion that I was responsible for was the injection optics into this buncher and cooler. The studies found a solution to exceed the acceptance requirements of the device, 15 mm mrad by a factor of five, resulting in an acceptance of 67±7 mm mrad for masses of ions as low as 15 AMU, as well as 72±7 mm mrad for masses above 30 AMU. These results came about from simulating both the length of a tapered region in the injection optics, as well as the angle of the taper region with respect to the beam axis The optimal design of the tapered region was have a length of 50 mm at an angle of 4⁰. In addition to these simulations, energy spread investigations were conducted. These studies resulted in a maximum loss of 14% of the acceptance of the device when the delivered beam has an energy spread of 25%. In addition to the design of the injection optics for the buncher and cooler, mass measurements of several short-lived isotopes at Triumf’s Ion Trap for Atomic and Nuclear science were analysed. All of the investigated masses have reduced uncertainties when compared to previous values in the Atomic Mass Evaluation of 2012. Mass excesses for ³¹ ³²Na were found to be 12246(14) keV and 18638(37) keV, respectively, with uncertainties being half of the smallest of those currently published in AME. Mass excess of ²⁹ ³⁴ ³⁵Al were shown to be -18207.77(37) keV, -3000.5(29) keV, and -223.7(73) keV. The mass excess of ³⁴Al has also confirmed the two-neutron separation energy cross over with ³³Mg to be 15(10) keV at a N=21. These nuclear physics studies are discussed in context of the so-called island of inversion and nuclear correlation energy.
Geometric optics and instability for NLS and Davey-Stewartson models
Creators: name: Carles, Rémi
name: Dumas, Eric
name: Sparber, Christof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the interaction of (slowly modulated) high frequency waves for multi-dimensional nonlinear Schrodinger equations with gauge invariant power-law nonlinearities and non-local perturbations. The model includes the Davey--Stewartson system in its elliptic-elliptic and hyperbolic-elliptic variant. Our analysis reveals a new localization phenomenon for non-local perturbations in the high frequency regime and allows us to infer strong instability results on the Cauchy problem in negative order Sobolev spaces, where we prove norm inflation with infinite loss of regularity by a constructive approach.
description: 33 pages
Additional file 1 of Impact of a tuberculosis treatment adherence intervention versus usual care on treatment completion rates: results of a pragmatic cluster randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Ritchie, Lisa M. Puchalski
name: Lettow, Monique Van
name: Austine Makwakwa
name: Kip, Ester C.
name: Straus, Sharon E.
name: Kawonga, Harry
name: Jemila S. Hamid
name: Lebovic, Gerald
name: Thorpe, Kevin E.
name: Merrick Zwarenstein
name: Schull, Michael J.
name: Chan, Adrienne K.
name: Martiniuk, Alexandra
name: Schoor, Vanessa Van
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. TIDieR checklist
Additional file 1 of Estimating tie strength in social networks using temporal communication data
Creators: name: Ureña-Carrion, Javier
name: Saramäki, Jari
name: Kivelä, Mikko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Supplementary information is a file in PDF format that contains eight sections detailing further information and tests that validate our results. It includes an extended analysis of some of our features, repeating the main experiment using static overlap and balanced training data, a breakdown of our results by ML model, additional performance metrics, analyzing the effect of Δt on bursty cascades and using weekly signatures for predicting overlap. (PDF 2.2 MB)
Artificial Intelligence techniques for Nucleic Acid Origami experiments
Creators: name: Connolly, Jordan
name: Shirt-Ediss, Benjamin
name: Torelli, Emanuela
name: Bacardit, Jaume
name: Krasnogor, Natalio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence
Machine Learning
DNA/RNA Nanotechnology
Nucleic Acid Origami

description: Potential applications are increasingly shown in the literature enabled by the advent of scaffolded DNA origami [1]. We employ a data-driven approach, applying machine learning to a curated a database collected from Nucleic Acid Origami literature. We expect to aid the design of well-formed nucleic acid origami through machine learning informed lab protocols and algorithm improved sequence design. This will lead to improved application of nucleic acid origami, with increased yield, scale and complexity. [1] Paul W. K. Rothemund. Folding DNA to create nanoscale shapes and patterns. Nature, 440(7082):297–302, March 2006.
Testing exogeneity of multinomial regressors in count data models: does two stage residual inclusion work?
Creators: name: Geraci, Andrea
name: Fabbri, Daniele
name: Monfardini, Chiara
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: SECS-P/05 Econometria

description: We study a simple exogeneity test in count data models with possibly endogenous multinomial treatment. 
The test is based on Two Stage Residual Inclusion (2SRI). Results from a broad Monte Carlo study provide novel 
evidence on important features of this approach in nonlinear settings. We find differences in the finite sample performance of various likelihood-based tests under correct specification and when the outcome equation is misspecified due to neglected over-dispersion or non-linearity. We compare alternative 2SRI procedures and uncover that standardizing the variance of the first stage residuals leads to higher power of the test and reduces the bias of the treatment coefficients. An original application in health economics corroborates our findings.
Evaporative Cooling of Antiprotons to Cryogenic Temperatures
Creators: name: ALPHA Collaboration
name: Andresen, G. B.
name: Ashkezari, M. D.
name: Baquero-Ruiz, M.
name: Bertsche, W.
name: Bowe, P. D.
name: Butler, E.
name: Cesar, C. L.
name: Chapman, S.
name: Charlton, M.
name: Fajans, J.
name: Friesen, T.
name: Fujiwara, M. C.
name: Gill, D. R.
name: Hangst, J. S.
name: Hardy, W. N.
name: Hayano, R. S.
name: Hayden, M. E.
name: Humphries, A.
name: Hydomako, R.
name: Jonsell, S.
name: Kurchaninov, L.
name: Lambo, R.
name: Madsen, N.
name: Menary, S.
name: Nolan, P.
name: Olchanski, K.
name: Olin, A.
name: Povilus, A.
name: Pusa, P.
name: Robicheaux, F.
name: Sarid, E.
name: Silveira, D. M.
name: So, C.
name: Storey, J. W.
name: Thompson, R. I.
name: van der Werf, D. P.
name: Wilding, D.
name: Wurtele, J. S.
name: Yamazaki, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the application of evaporative cooling to clouds of trapped antiprotons, resulting in plasmas with measured temperature as low as 9~K. We have modeled the evaporation process for charged particles using appropriate rate equations. Good agreement between experiment and theory is observed, permitting prediction of cooling efficiency in future experiments. The technique opens up new possibilities for cooling of trapped ions and is of particular interest in antiproton physics, where a precise \emph{CPT} test on trapped antihydrogen is a long-standing goal.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 2 of Impact of a tuberculosis treatment adherence intervention versus usual care on treatment completion rates: results of a pragmatic cluster randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Ritchie, Lisa M. Puchalski
name: Lettow, Monique Van
name: Austine Makwakwa
name: Kip, Ester C.
name: Straus, Sharon E.
name: Kawonga, Harry
name: Jemila S. Hamid
name: Lebovic, Gerald
name: Thorpe, Kevin E.
name: Merrick Zwarenstein
name: Schull, Michael J.
name: Chan, Adrienne K.
name: Martiniuk, Alexandra
name: Schoor, Vanessa Van
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. CONSORT checklist
X-ray microlensing in the quadruply lensed quasar Q2237+0305
Creators: name: Zimmer, F.
name: Schmidt, R. W.
name: Wambsganss, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use archival data of NASA's Chandra X-ray telescope to compile an X-ray light curve of all four images of the quadruply lensed quasar Q2237+0305 (z=1.695) from January 2006 to January 2007. We fit simulated point spread functions to the four individual quasar images using Cash's C-statistic to account for the Poisson nature of the X-ray signal. The quasar images display strong flux variations up to a factor of ~4 within one month. We can disentangle the intrinsic quasar variability from flux variations due to gravitational microlensing by looking at the flux ratios of the individual quasar images. Doing this, we find evidence for microlensing in image A. In particular, the time-sequence of the flux ratio A/B in the X-ray regime correlates with the corresponding sequence in the optical monitoring by OGLE in the V-band. The amplitudes in the X-ray light curve are larger. For the most prominent peak, the increase of the X-ray ratio A/B is larger by a factor ~1.6 compared to the signal in the optical. In agreement with theory and other observations of multiply imaged quasars, this suggests that the X-ray emission region of this quasar is significantly smaller than the optical emission region.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Development of a three-dimensional multi-scale model to study the formation of solidification defects in fusion welding,
Creators: name: Zareie Rajani, Hamid Reza
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: One of the long-standing challenges in joining of aluminum alloys is the occurrence of solidification defects, i.e. hot cracking and porosity, since these defects significantly increase manufacturing costs. This research project investigates the formation of solidification defects through development of a novel and comprehensive 3-D multi-scale and multi-physics numerical study and then application to the GTA welding of the aluminum alloy AA6061. The developed multi-scale model is composed of four different modules: 1) Solidification, 2) Deformation, 3) Fluid flow, and 4) Defect formation. The solidification module numerically reconstructs the 3-D microstructure of semisolid welds using a granular model of solidification. Specifically, a modified Voronoi tessellation algorithm is used to generate an unstructured grid representing the weld microstructure. The reconstructed microstructure contains both columnar and equiaxed grains and varies as a function of welding process parameters. Then, the Scheil equation is used in combination with the temperature field obtained through the Rosenthal equation and the reconstructed 3D microstructure to simulate solidification. This module outputs the evolving 3D structure of the semisolid weld composed of solid grains and a network of micro liquid channels for use by the deformation and fluid flow modules as the simulation geometry. The deformation module analyzes via finite elements the deformation of the semisolid weld due to externally applied strains and self-induced strains such as thermo-mechanical strains and solidification shrinkage in order to obtain local strain rates within the micro liquid channels. The local strain rates outputted by the deformation module feed a fluid flow analysis module in which the pressure field within the semisolid weld is calculated. Finally, the defect formation module uses various defect formation models to link the pressure field and the local strain rates to the formation of solidification defects including micro cracks and hydrogen porosity.
D8.1 SWOT analysis report: first step towards a long-term sustainable coordination model for the European research vessels
Creators: name: Magnifico, Giuseppe
name: Evangelista, Lorenza
name: Nieuwejaar, Per W.
name: Fitzgerald, Aodhán
name: Flavin, Niamh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Research Infrastructures
Transnational Access
Sustainability
Funding Model

description: This SWOT analysis report is the first step in the process towards developing a long-term sustainable coordination model for the European research vessel community. It provides and analysis of the relevance of Research Vessels, the European Research Vessel fleet and the current EU policy towards Transnational access to these infrastructures. The EUROFLEETS+ “Foresight: Legacy and Roadmap” - Objectives and Work Plan are described, with a detailed examination of possible legal entity models to advance towards a Eurofleets RI. Finally, two models are proposed as possible options for a long-term sustainable coordination model for the European research vessels (EUROFLEETS RI).
Challenges and Prospects of Machine Learning applied to Nucleic Acid Origami
Creators: name: Connolly, Jordan
name: Shirt-Ediss, Benjamin
name: Torelli, Emanuela
name: Bacardit, Jaume
name: Krasnogor, Natalio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Machine Learning
DNA/RNA Nanotechnology
Nucleic Acid Origami

description: Machine learning and computational algorithms used to see patterns within collected data are becoming increasingly popular and valuable across many intersecting fields of study. For biological fields there needs to be cooperation between scientists working in both computer science and biological fields to close the gap between traditional lab experiments data collection and sharing towards the prospect of more modern data curation methods that would be invaluable for the data mining of shared stored experimental data. Challenges include the representation of experimental data, the design and focus of experiments from their outset and when looking at comparability of experiments across papers with different goals.