cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Britten-Purcell realisations : connecting the past to the present through the voice of Peter Pears
Creators: name: Hendsbee, Blaine Gregory
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This thesis will examine Benjamin Britten's realisations of several of Henry Purcell's songs taken from Orpheus Britannicus and Harmonia Sacra and explore how these realisations were created by practical performance considerations at the time of composition (realisation) and the role that tenor Peter Pears played in this process. The thesis will consider how these songs combine the thinking of both Purcell and Britten. It will also take into consideration how the tenor solo vocal technique changed between the time of Purcell and Britten and how Peter Pears' unique vocal ability synthesized these two approaches to technique. Although Purcell also wrote songs to be accompanied by larger instrumental forces, only the realisations and performance requirements of the continuo songs can be discussed in this document. The majority of songs Britten and Pears selected fall into this category. These songs will be analyzed using the following criteria: harmonic changes introduced by Britten, the manner in which the accompaniments are adapted or realised to meet the demands of the text, the specific editorial indications added by both Britten and Pears, the technical approach required for a tenor to perform these songs, and how these songs showcased the unique vocal, histrionic, and musical abilities of Peter Pears.
Renzension zu: Wengst, Klaus (2016): Mirjams Sohn – Gottes Gesalbter. Mit den vier Evangelien Jesus entdecken, Gütersloh: Gütersloher Verlagshaus, 654 Seiten.
Creators: name: Schwendemann, Wilhelm
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für christlich-jüdische Begegnung im Kontext
Year: 2021

description: Der inzwischen emeritierte Bochumer Neutestamentlicher Klaus Wengst stellt den wissenschaftlich rekonstruierten sog. historischen Jesus dem in den vier Evangelien bezeugten Jesus gegenüber (S. 7) und kommt dabei zu überraschenden Schlussfolgerungen. In der Einleitung (Der sogenannte historische Jesus und der Jesus der Evangelien, S. 15–29) entfaltet Wengst – ausgehend von der Grundfrage Martin Kählers (1892) nach dem historischen Jesus – sein Anliegen, dem in den Evangelien bezeugten Jesus nachzuspüren (S. 16), d.h., einem bestimmten jüdischen Menschen »aus Nazaret, der tatsächlich in bestimmter Zeit an einem bestimmten Ort gelebt hat.« (S. 18)
description: Zeitschrift für christlich-jüdische Begegnung im Kontext, Nr. 01-02 (2021): 1700 Jahre jüdisches Leben in Deutschland
Complementary lateral-spin-orbit building blocks for programmable logic and in-memory computing
Creators: name: Zhang, Nan
name: Cao, Yi
name: Li, Yucai
name: Rushforth, Andrew W.
name: Ji, Yang
name: Zheng, Houzhi
name: Wang, Kaiyou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current-driven switching of nonvolatile spintronic materials and devices based on spin-orbit torques offer fast data processing speed, low power consumption, and unlimited endurance for future information processing applications. Analogous to conventional CMOS technology, it is important to develop a pair of complementary spin-orbit devices with differentiated magnetization switching senses as elementary building blocks for realizing sophisticated logic functionalities. Various attempts using external magnetic field or complicated stack/circuit designs have been proposed, however, plainer and more feasible approaches are still strongly desired. Here we show that a pair of two locally laser annealed perpendicular Pt/Co/Pt devices with opposite laser track configurations and thereby inverse field-free lateral spin-orbit torques (LSOTs) induced switching senses can be adopted as such complementary spin-orbit building blocks. By electrically programming the initial magnetization states (spin down/up) of each sample, four Boolean logic gates of AND, OR, NAND and NOR, as well as a spin-orbit half adder containing an XOR gate, were obtained. Moreover, various initialization-free, working current intensity-programmable stateful logic operations, including the material implication (IMP) gate, were also demonstrated by regarding the magnetization state as a logic input. Our complementary LSOT building blocks provide an applicable way towards future efficient spin logics and in-memory computing architectures.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures
MIGNEX Background Paper D9.1: Links between migration management, development and integration
Creators: name: Erdal, Marta Bivand
name: Tjønn, Mathias Hatleskog
name: İçduygu, Ahmet
Publisher: name: Peace Research Institute Oslo
Year: 2022

description: Migration management, development processes in countries of origin, and integration in societies of settlement are intertwined components of social change. To understand the links between them, a holistic approach to migration as integral to social change across nation-state borders is needed. But what does such an approach mean, and what is lost without it?

Key Takeaways

There are links between migration management, development and integration, but also disconnects. Separation of policy fields exacerbates such disconnects.

Different legitimate, but competing interests, need to be recognised and balanced to boost positive migration effects. This is a challenging yet necessary task for policymakers.

The specific temporal frames applied to understanding links between migration management, development and integration are important: from colonial ties through to electoral cycles.
Instability in the Hartmann--Hahn double resonance
Creators: name: Levi, Roei
name: Masis, Sergei
name: Buks, Eyal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hartmann-Hahn technique allows sensitivity enhancement of magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy by coupling the spins under study to another spin species that is externally driven. Here we theoretically study the coupled spins' dynamics, and find that for a certain region of driving parameters the system becomes unstable. The required conditions for making this region of instability becoming experimentally accessible are discussed.
Aktuelle Notizen: u.a. "Französische Bischöfe schreiben Oberrabbiner Haïm Korsia", "Zum 100. Geburtstag von Ernst Ludwig Ehrlich"
Creators: name: Münz, Christoph
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für christlich-jüdische Begegnung im Kontext
Year: 2021

description: Woche der Brüderlichkeit in Stuttgart eröffnet – Buber-Rosenzweig-Medaille für Christian Stückl Der Münchner Erzbischof Reinhard Kardinal Marx hat die Rolle der Oberammergauer Passionsspiele für das Miteinander von Juden und Christen betont. Oberammergau sei ein »Labor des christlich-jüdischen Dialogs geworden und damit ein kraftvolles Zeichen gegen Antisemitismus«,
description: Zeitschrift für christlich-jüdische Begegnung im Kontext, Nr. 01-02 (2021): 1700 Jahre jüdisches Leben in Deutschland
Analysis of Photoassociation Spectra for Giant Helium Dimers
Creators: name: Leonard, J.
name: Mosk, A. P.
name: Walhout, M.
name: Van Der Straten, P.
name: Leduc, M.
name: Cohen-Tannoudji, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a theoretical analysis to interpret the spectra of purely long-range helium dimers produced by photoassociation (PA) in an ultra-cold gas of metastable helium atoms. The experimental spectrum obtained with the PA laser tuned closed to the $2^3S_1\leftrightarrow 2^3P_0$ atomic line has been reported in a previous Letter. Here, we first focus on the corrections to be applied to the measured resonance frequencies in order to infer the molecular binding energies. We then present a calculation of the vibrational spectra for the purely long-range molecular states, using adiabatic potentials obtained from perturbation theory. With retardation effects taken into account, the agreement between experimental and theoretical determinations of the spectrum for the $0_u^+$ purely long-range potential well is very good. The results yield a determination of the lifetime of the $2^3P$ atomic state.
Eröffnung des Ohr Torah Stone’s Blickle Institute for Interfaith Dialogue. 26. Oktober 2020 in Efrat/Israel
Creators: name: Blickle, Karl-Hermann
name: Dadelen, Hasan
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für christlich-jüdische Begegnung im Kontext
Year: 2021

description: In Efrat im Gusch-Etzion, einem historischen israelischen Siedlungsgebiet in der Nähe von Bethlehem, wurde am 26. Oktober 2020 ein neues Institut zur interreligiösen Bildung über Islam und Christentum für modern-orthodoxe Juden gegründet. Das Ohr Torah Stone’s Blickle Institute for Interfaith Dialogue will durch die Vermittlung von qualifiziertem interreligiösem Fachwissen zum Islam und Christentum an religiös-fromme Schüler_ innen, Rabbiner und jüdische Multiplikatoren einen für Israel friedenstiftenden interreligiösen Dialog fördern. Das von Karl-Hermann Blickle, dem Vorsitzenden der Stiftung Stuttgarter Lehrhaus für interreligiösen Dialog, und Rabbi Dr. Kenneth Brander, Präsident und Rosh HaYeshiva des jüdischen modern- orthodoxen Bildungsnetzwerks Ohr Torah Stone/ Das Licht der Torah, gegründete neue Institut steckt sich hohe Ziele: Das Institut versteht sich als ein interreligiöses Dialog-Zentrum, in welchem durch theologische Vorträge und Kurse, eigene Forschung an innerjüdischen Quellen sowie Veröffentlichungen ein solides Wissen über den Islam und das Christentum auf rabbinisch-akademischem Niveau vermittelt werden soll.
description: Zeitschrift für christlich-jüdische Begegnung im Kontext, Nr. 01-02 (2021): 1700 Jahre jüdisches Leben in Deutschland
Approximation thresholds for combinatorial optimization problems
Creators: name: Feige, Uriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.1
subject: 68Q17, 68W25

description: An NP-hard combinatorial optimization problem $Π$ is said to have an {\em approximation threshold} if there is some $t$ such that the optimal value of $Π$ can be approximated in polynomial time within a ratio of $t$, and it is NP-hard to approximate it within a ratio better than $t$. We survey some of the known approximation threshold results, and discuss the pattern that emerges from the known results.
Search for type-III seesaw heavy leptons in dilepton final states in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for the pair production of heavy leptons as predicted by the type-III seesaw mechanism is presented. The search uses proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to 139 fb$^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity recorded by the ATLAS detector during Run 2 of the Large Hadron Collider. The analysis focuses on the final state with two light leptons (electrons or muons) of different flavour and charge combinations, with at least two jets and large missing transverse momentum. No significant excess over the Standard Model expectation is observed. The results are translated into exclusion limits on heavy-lepton masses, and the observed lower limit on the mass of the type-III seesaw heavy leptons is 790 GeV at 95% confidence level.
description: 42 pages in total, author list starting page 26, 7 figures, 3 tables, published in Eur. Phys. J. C. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/EXOT-2018-33/
Generating extremal neutrino mixing angles with Higgs family symmetries
Creators: name: Low, Catherine I
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of maximal and minimal mixing angles in the neutrino mixing matrix motivates the search for extensions to the Standard Model that may explain these angles. A previous study (C.I.Low and R.R.Volkas, Phys.Rev.D68,033007(2003)), began a systematic search to find the minimal extension to the Standard Model that explains these mixing angles. It was found that in the minimal extensions to the Standard Model which allow neutrino oscillations, discrete unbroken lepton family symmetries only generate neutrino mixing matrices that are ruled out by experiment. This paper continues the search by investigating all models with two or more Higgs doublets, and an Abelian family symmetry. It is found that discrete Abelian family symmetries permit, but cannot explain, maximal atmospheric mixing, however these models can ensure theta_{13}=0.
description: Minor modifications, references added, typos corrected. LaTeX, 16 pages
Universal Test for Quantum One-Way Permutations
Creators: name: Kawachi, Akinori
name: Kobayashi, Hirotada
name: Koshiba, Takeshi
name: Putra, Rudy Raymond H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The next bit test was introduced by Blum and Micali and proved by Yao to be a universal test for cryptographic pseudorandom generators. On the other hand, no universal test for the cryptographic one-wayness of functions (or permutations) is known, though the existence of cryptographic pseudorandom generators is equivalent to that of cryptographic one-way functions. In the quantum computation model, Kashefi, Nishimura and Vedral gave a sufficient condition of (cryptographic) quantum one-way permutations and conjectured that the condition would be necessary. In this paper, we affirmatively settle their conjecture and complete a necessary and sufficient for quantum one-way permutations. The necessary and sufficient condition can be regarded as a universal test for quantum one-way permutations, since the condition is described as a collection of stepwise tests similar to the next bit test for pseudorandom generators.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures. The previous version included some error. This is a corrected version. Fortunately, the proof is simplified and results are improved
Additional file 1 of Evaluating the feasibility of implementing a Telesleep pilot program using two-tiered external facilitation
Creators: name: Rattray, Nicholas A.
name: Khaw, Andrew
name: McGrath, Mackenzie
name: Damush, Teresa M.
name: Miech, Edward J.
name: Lenet, Adam
name: Stahl, Stephanie
name: Ferguson, Jared
name: Myers, Jennifer
name: Guenther, David
name: Homoya, Barbara J.
name: Bravata, Dawn M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Remote PAP Telesleep Quality Improvement program protocol.
Messung moralischer Besorgnis gegenüber Prozessstandards am Fallbeispiel der Käfighaltung von Legehennen - Skalenentwicklung und -validierung
Creators: name: Sonntag, Winnie Isabel
name: Spiller, Achim
name: Sonntag, Winnie Isabel
name: Spiller, Achim
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Prozessstandards
subject: Messung moralischer Bedenken
subject: Käfighaltung Legehennen
subject: Strukturgleichungsmodell
subject: WTO

description: Viele Bürger, insbesondere in Industrienationen, hinterfragen derzeit aus moralischen Be-weggründen bestimmte Prozessstandards in der Landwirtschaft. Im Jahr 2014 hat das WTO-Schlichtungsgremium in einem wegweisenden Schiedsspruch das Importverbot der Europäi-schen Union für Robbenprodukte auf Grundlage des Art. XX (a) GATT grundsätzlich ge-rechtfertigt und dabei auf die moralische Besorgnis (moral concerns) der Gesellschaft rekur-riert. Allerdings existiert bislang keine valide und reliable Skala zur Quantifizierung von mo-ralischer Besorgnis. Ziel des vorliegenden Beitrages ist daher die Entwicklung, Erprobung und Validierung einer Skala zur validen und reliablen Messung von moralischer Besorgnis gegenüber am Endprodukt nicht mehr messbaren Prozessstandards. Am Fallbeispiel der kon-ventionellen Käfighaltung von Legehennen wurde eine Pilotstudie (Online-Umfrage mit 220 deutschen Bürgern) durchgeführt. Es wurden sowohl eine Item- und Reliabilitätsanalyse so-wie eine Überprüfung der Konstruktvalidität durchgeführt. Explorative und konfirmatorische Faktorenanalysen sowie ein Strukturgleichungsmodell belegen eine hohe Reliabilität und Sta-bilität sowie Konstruktvalidität. Der vorgeschlagene Moral Concerns Scale könnte auf ver-schiedenen Ebenen genutzt werden: Insbesondere im Rahmen handelsrechtlicher Auseinan-dersetzungen in der WTO, aber auch im unternehmerischen CSR-Management.
Understanding change in parental dental health behaviours following general anesthetic dental treatment
Creators: name: Sharifzadeh-Amin, Maryam
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The purpose of this study was to explore the experience of parents whose young children had had a general anesthetic (GA) for dental treatment and to develop a model to describe and explain parental behaviour change following the GA experience. A grounded theory method was undertaken to investigate 1) parent's beliefs and behaviours that may place their child at risk to new caries following the GA experience, 2) parents' experience of their child's dental treatment under GA and 3) the factors affecting parental adoption and maintenance of dentally healthy behaviours. Twenty-six in-depth individual interviews were conducted with parents of pre-school aged children at various times after the GA, i.e. shortly after the GA and up to one year following the GA. Data were analysed with a grounded theory approach, to develop a model that was "grounded" in the data. A conceptual model was generated to explain the process of parental behaviour change. Social influences, family context, and parental strategies were identified as key categories. Cultural beliefs, actions of dental professionals, and media/advertising were barriers for parents to adopt healthy behaviours. Not all parents were receptive to social supports; cross-cultural differences were apparent. Overall, the GA dental experience had enough of an impact to immediately motivate parents to consider changing their behaviours. However, difficulty and only partial compliance in following recommendations were frequently mentioned. Although parental stretiges were influenceed by family context and social influences, the central position of parental strateiges in the model gradually emerged. Parents who took responsibility for their child's state of health felt guilt and were determined to develop strategies to overcome the barriers in applying healthy behaviours. Parents who had a high level of self-efficacy and were furthest along the stages of change continuum were likely able to engage in and maintain new healthy behaviours. Although an early, positive outcome of the GA was a reported improvement in dental health practices, the GA did not appear to affect long-term preventive behaviours for many parents. Parental strategies were recognized as the core category of the final model that influenced whether parents adopted dentally-healthy behaviours and maintained these behaviours over time.
States of $^{12}$N with enhanced radii
Creators: name: Demyanova, A. S.
name: Danilov, A. N.
name: Ogloblin, A. A.
name: Starastsin, V. I.
name: Dmitriev, S. V.
name: Trzaska, W. H.
name: Goncharov, S. A.
name: Belyaeva, T. L.
name: Maslov, V. A.
name: Sobolev, Yu. G.
name: Penionzhkevich, Yu. E.
name: Khlebnikov, S. V.
name: Tyurin, G. P.
name: Burtebaev, N.
name: Janseitov, D.
name: Gurov, Yu. B.
name: Louko, J.
name: Sergeev, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The differential cross sections of the $^{12}$C($^3$He,t)$^{12}$N reaction leading to formation of the 1$^+$ (ground state), 2$^+$(0.96 MeV), 2$^{-}$(1.19 MeV), and 1$^{-}$(1.80 MeV) states of $^{12}$N are measured at $E$($^3$He)=40 MeV. The analysis of the data is carried out within the modified diffraction model (MDM) and distorted wave Born approximation (DWBA). Enhanced $rms$ radii were obtained for the ground, 2$^{-}$(1.19 MeV), and 1$^{-}$(1.80 MeV) states. We revealed that $^{12}$B, $^{12}$N, and $^{12}$C in the IAS with T=1, and spin-parities 2$^{-}$ and 1$^{-}$ have increased radii and exhibit properties of neutron and proton halo states.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables
REALLY TOO RISK AVERSE AND TOO IMPATIENT TO ESCAPE POVERTY? INSIGHTS FROM A FIELD EXPERIMENT IN WEST AFRICA
Creators: name: Liebenehm, Sabine
name: Waibel, Hermann
name: Liebenehm, Sabine
name: Waibel, Hermann
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: adoption
subject: cattle farmers
subject: risk and time preferences
subject: trypanosomosis
subject: West Africa

description: In this paper, we analyze risk and time preferences as factors related to technology adoption. In the context of West African small-scale cattle farm households, we examine why the adoption of prophylactic drugs as an ex-ante risk management strategy to protect cattle from tsetse-transmitted African Animal Trypanosomosis (AAT) despite experts’ recommendation is low. To do so, we conducted two types of economic field experiments: (i) to elicit farmers’ risk and time preferences, considering additional behavioral information beyond standard economic theory and (ii) to observe farmers’ adoption decision of alternative drug treatments to manage the risk of AAT. Results show that loss aversion and high discount rates are associated with low prophylaxis take-up. More specifically, farmers value losses of animals that are infected with AAT larger than gains from healthy animals and short-term benefits from therapeutic treatment over long-term benefits from prophylactic treatment. As a consequence, a loss averse and impatient farmer that is less likely to apply AAT prophylaxis forgives chances of higher and sustainable returns, thereby deteriorates risk management abilities and likely perpetuates poverty. We suggest that the consideration of farmers’ risk and time preferences can help improving the effectiveness of livestock extension and veterinary services in West Africa.
Additional file 13 of Pattern and timing of diversification in the African freshwater fish genus Distichodus (Characiformes: Distichodontidae)
Creators: name: Arroyave, Jairo
name: Denton, John S. S.
name: Stiassny, Melanie L. J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: Additional file 13: Figure S13. A time-scaled phylogeny of Distichodus. Chronogram resulting from BEAST2 analysis 9. Same contextual information as in Fig. 6.
Partizipative Preissetzung bei Weinverkostungen: Ein Pay-What-You-Want-Experiment
Creators: name: Bitsch, Linda
name: Hanf, Jon
name: Hildenbrand, Andreas
name: Pabst, Evelyn
name: Schilling, Ulrich
name: Bitsch, Linda
name: Hanf, Jon
name: Hildenbrand, Andreas
name: Pabst, Evelyn
name: Schilling, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agribusiness
subject: Experiment
subject: Preissetzung
subject: Verkostung
subject: Wein

description: Zur Abschöpfung der erhöhten Zahlungsbereitschaften der Nachfrager werden auf Weingütern Weinverkostungen durchgeführt. Bisher wird in Deutschland für die Teilnahme an einer Weinverkostung kein positiver Preis verlangt, obwohl eine Weinverkostung mit fixen und variablen Kosten verbunden ist. Eine Lösung Entgelt zu generieren, besteht darin, den Nachfragern die Preissetzung durch Pay-What-You-Want-Mechanismen zu überlassen. Ziel dieses Beitrags ist, die mögliche Einführung des Pay-What-You-Want-Mechanismus bei Weinverkostungen zu untersuchen. Zusätzlich wird untersucht, ob und wie weit die Zahlungsbereitschaft sowohl durch Informationen zu den Weinen als auch durch Referenzpreise beeinflusst werden kann. Des Weiteren wird analysiert, inwiefern Weinwissen dabei eine Rolle spielt. Zur Beantwortung der Fragen wird ein Modell entwickelt sowie ein Experiment aufgebaut und durchgeführt. Wird ein Pay-What-You-Want-Mechanismus verwendet, werden positive Zahlungen geleistet. Die Bereitstellung von Informationen zu den Weinen kann die geleiste-ten Zahlungen erhöhen. Die Angabe eines Referenzpreises erhöht die Zahlungen nicht. Die Angabe eines Referenzpreises zusammen mit der Bereitstellung von Informationen kann die Zahlungen erhöhen. Mit Wein vertrautere Nachfrager leisten keine höheren Zahlungen.
Additional file 11 of Pattern and timing of diversification in the African freshwater fish genus Distichodus (Characiformes: Distichodontidae)
Creators: name: Arroyave, Jairo
name: Denton, John S. S.
name: Stiassny, Melanie L. J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: Additional file 11: Figure S11. A time-scaled phylogeny of Distichodus. Chronogram resulting from BEAST2 analysis 6. Same contextual information as in Fig. 6.
MetabolSepsis 2021 FollowUp Report
Creators: name: MP, Soares
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Sepsis refers to the development of life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a deregulated host response to infection. In MetabolSepsis we put forward the hypothesis that the pathogenesis of sepsis is countered by a hypometabolic response to infection maintaining host organismal energy expenditure above a threshold level compatible with survival. This metabolic response is characterized by an overall shift from anabolic towards catabolic metabolism and energy production over de novo macromolecule synthesis, respectively. This response is coordinated with the opposing demand of anabolic metabolism by immune cells, underlying energetically costly resistance mechanisms targeting pathogens. Host metabolic reprogramming in response to infection is controlled by an evolutionary conserved stress-responsive transcriptional network. This transcriptional network is composed of a number of stress and damage-responsive transcription factors, which regulate a larger number of effector genes that mitigate the negative impact of specific forms of stress and damage associated with infection. The network has a hierarchical structure, with few core effector genes (≈3) being regulated by a relatively large number (≈7) of transcription factors, while most other effector genes are regulated by relatively fewer (<7) transcription factors. Our previous work leading to MetabolSepsis has demonstrated that some of the core effector genes in this network are essential to reprogram the host (hypo)metabolic response to systemic infections. This defense strategy does not target pathogens and is referred to as disease tolerance. Under MetabolSepsis we proposed to test the hypothesis that the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2), one of the transcription factors in the aforementioned transcriptional network, contributes to the host (hypo)metabolic response establishing disease tolerance to bacterial sepsis. Having established that Nrf2 is critical to establish disease tolerance to malaria, we obtained preliminary evidence confirming that Nrf2 is also protective against bacterial sepsis. However, in contrast to the published data, the transcriptional program regulated by Nrf2 did not impact on bacterial load, establishing disease tolerance to sepsis. The protective effect exerted by Nrf2 was associated instead with regulation of glycemia, presumably via Nrf2-regulated genes, such as ferritin H (FTH) chain, which establish disease tolerance to bacterial sepsis via regulation of hepatic glucose production. In MetabolSepsis we set to validate these findings and explore the mechanism via which Nrf2 controls glycemia during bacterial sepsis.
description: funded by la Caixa Foundation under HR18-00502
Benefits of joint LIGO -- Virgo coincidence searches for burst and inspiral signals
Creators: name: Beauville, F.
name: Bizouard, M. -A.
name: Blackburn, L.
name: Bosi, L.
name: Brady, P.
name: Brocco, L.
name: Brown, D.
name: Buskulic, D.
name: Cavalier, F.
name: Chatterji, S.
name: Christensen, N.
name: Clapson, A. -C.
name: Fairhurst, S.
name: Grosjean, D.
name: Guidi, G.
name: Hello, P.
name: Katsavounidis, E.
name: Knight, M.
name: Lazzarini, A.
name: Leroy, N.
name: Marion, F.
name: Mours, B.
name: Ricci, F.
name: Vicere, A.
name: Zanolin, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the benefits of performing a joint LIGO--Virgo search for transient signals. We do this by adding burst and inspiral signals to 24 hours of simulated detector data. We find significant advantages to performing a joint coincidence analysis, above either a LIGO only or Virgo only search. These include an increased detection efficiency, at a fixed false alarm rate, to both burst and inspiral events and an ability to reconstruct the sky location of a signal.
description: 11 pages 8 figures, Amaldi 6 proceedings
MIGNEX Background Paper D9.4: Exploring EU Migration Partnerships: The Cases of Turkey and Nigeria
Creators: name: Ike, Niels
name: Bala Akal, Ayşe
name: Lebon-McGregor, Elaine
name: Jumbert, Maria Gabrielsen
Publisher: name: Peace Research Institute Oslo
Year: 2023

description: The cases of Turkey and Nigeria raise questions about the EU’s pursuit of return and readmission agreements, and the evolution of the EU’s approach to migration partnerships.

Key Takeaways

Certain features of a readmission agreement with the EU are at odds (incoherent) with the national policy objectives of partner countries.

The EU’s lack of reintegration policy and heavy emphasis on return and readmission is incoherent with its aims of reducing irregular migration.

Partnerships are dynamic; constantly reconsidered and renegotiated as interests, demands, motives and objectives shift
The Magnetic Scott Correction for Relativistic Matter at Criticality
Creators: name: Bley, Gonzalo
name: Fournais, Søren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide a proof of the first correction to the leading asymptotics of the minimal energy of pseudo-relativistic molecules in the presence of magnetic fields, the so-called "relativistic Scott correction", when $\max{Z_kα} \leq 2/π$, where $Z_k$ is the charge of the $k$-th nucleus and $α$ is the fine structure constant. Our theorem extends a previous result by Erdős, Fournais, and Solovej to the critical constant $2/π$ in the relativistic Hardy inequality $|p| - \frac{2}{π|x|} \geq 0$.
An old galaxy group: Chandra X-ray observations of the nearby fossil group NGC 6482
Creators: name: Khosroshahi, Habib
name: Jones, Laurence
name: Ponman, Trevor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first detailed X-ray observations, using Chandra, of NGC 6482 - the nearest known `fossil group'. The group is dominated by an optically luminous giant elliptical galaxy and all other known group members are at least two magnitudes fainter. The global X-ray properties (luminosity, temperature, extent) of NGC 6482 fall within the range of other groups, but the detailed properties show interesting differences. We derive the gas temperature and total mass profiles for the central 30 kpc using ACIS spatially resolved spectroscopy. The temperature profile shows a continuous decrease outward, dropping to 0.63 of its central value at 0.1 r_200. The derived total mass profile is strongly centrally peaked, suggesting an early formation epoch. These results support a picture in which fossil groups are old, giving time for the most massive galaxies to have merged to produce a central giant elliptical galaxy. Although the cooling time within 0.1 r_200 is less than a Hubble time, no decrease in central temperature is detected. The entropy of the system lies toward the low side of the distribution seen in poor groups, and it drops all the way into the centre of the system, reaching very low values. No isentropic core, such as those predicted in simple preheating models, is present. Given the lack of any central temperature drop in the system, it seems unlikely that radiative cooling can be invoked to explain this low central entropy. We find that the centrally peaked temperature profile is consistent with a steady-state cooling flow solution with an accretion rate of 2 solar mass per year, given the large PdV work arising from the cuspy mass profile. However, solutions involving distributed or non-steady heating cannot be ruled out.
description: 11 pages, 12 postscript figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 12 of Pattern and timing of diversification in the African freshwater fish genus Distichodus (Characiformes: Distichodontidae)
Creators: name: Arroyave, Jairo
name: Denton, John S. S.
name: Stiassny, Melanie L. J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: Additional file 12: Figure S12. A time-scaled phylogeny of Distichodus. Chronogram resulting from BEAST2 analysis 7. Same contextual information as in Fig. 6.
Role of energetic ions in the growth of fcc and ω crystalline phases in Ti films deposited by HiPIMS
Creators: name: Dellasega, David
name: Mirani, Francesco
name: Vavassori, Davide
name: Conti, Claudia
name: Passoni, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Titanium (Ti), due to its excellent properties, is widely exploited in thin film technology that usually leads to the production of α-phase (hcp) Ti films. In this work, we investigate the phase evolution of Ti films deposited by varying type and energy of the film-forming species. To investigate different plasma species environments, films with different thicknesses are grown by using conventional Direct Current Magnetron Sputtering (DCMS) and High Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering (HiPIMS). Furthermore, HiPIMS depositions with different substrate bias voltage US (0 V, -300 V and -500 V) are performed to investigate different ion energy ranges. Microstructure, morphology and residual stress of the deposited films, as well as the DCMS and HiPIMS plasma composition, are analysed with different characterization techniques. The DCMS samples exhibit the Ti α-phase only and show a tensile residual stress decreasing with thickness. As far as HiPIMS samples are concerned, a compressive-tensile-compressive (CTC) behavior is observed for residual stresses as thickness increases. Specifically, films deposited in low energy ion conditions (US =0 V) show the presence of the Ti fcc phase up to a maximum thickness of about 370 nm. Differently, films deposited under high energy conditions (US = -300 V and -500 V) show the nucleation of the Ti ω-phase for thicknesses greater than 260 and 330 nm, respectively. The formation of these unusual Ti phases is discussed considering the different deposition conditions.
description: This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (ENSURE grant agreement No. 647554)
Divorce Mixed Crop-Livestock Farming to Increase Dietary Diversity? Evidence from Smallholders in Lao PDR
Creators: name: Parvathi, Priyanka
name: Parvathi, Priyanka
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: dietary diversity
subject: farm production diversity
subject: mixed crop-livestock agriculture
subject: smallholder farmers
subject: fixed effects
subject: Lao PDR

description: Under-nutrition and lack of micro-nutrients continues to remain a challenge in developing countries. As the undernourished are largely smallholder farmers, it is predominantly perceived that farm diversification and mixed crop-livestock agricultural systems can help alleviate this problem. But empirical evidence in this context is limited. Hence, this work examines whether farm production diversity as well as mixed crop-livestock farming lead to dietary diversity among smallholder farmers in Laos, using a two year panel data. Results from the fixed effects regression indicate that although farm production diversity does lead to a higher dietary diversity; the effect diminishes with continued diversification. The counterfactual analysis from the endogenous switching regression shows that following mixed crop-livestock farming system reduces household dietary diversity. We further find that markets play a significant role in enhancing the dietary diversity of the specialized farmers.
The expansion of dairy herds in Russia and Kazakhstan after the import ban on Western food products
Creators: name: Petrick, Martin
name: Götz, Linde
name: Petrick, Martin
name: Götz, Linde
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: dairy farming
subject: Eurasian Economic Union
subject: import substitution
subject: Gibrat’s law
subject: vertical coordination

description: Self-sufficiency in dairy products is a central policy goal of the Russian government, as the ban on food imports from the West imposed by the Kremlin vividly demonstrated. Western export opportunities into the Eurasian Economic Union depend inversely on the growth of milk production within the Union. Against this background, we explore the evolution of herd sizes and the role of state support among commercial dairy producers in Russia and Kazakhstan between 2012 and 2015. We show that dairy farms did grow as long as they kept less than 70 cows. Less than 10% of our 180 randomly selected dairy farms received livestock-related subsidies. Regression analysis using an innovative simultaneous equation framework shows that subsidised farms were bigger and younger than their peers, although they usually did not belong to vertically integrated agroholdings. Our results suggest that broad-based herd growth will be stimulated if many farms receive small subsidies, not if very few receive individually large amounts. However, the effects of good management practice and access to milk marketing contracts were much bigger than the subsidy impact. Processors provided inputs or services to only 5% of farmers in our sample. 25 years after the end of central planning, structural change among dairy farms in Eurasia in many ways resembles the patterns observed in the West.
Selection of optimal wavelengths for optical soiling modelling and detection in photovoltaic modules
Creators: name: Micheli, Leonardo
name: Fernandez, Eduardo F.
name: Muller, Matthew
name: Smestad, Greg P.
name: Almonacid, Florencia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Soiling impacts the photovoltaic (PV) module performance by reducing the amount of light reaching the photovoltaic cells and by changing their external spectral response. Currently, the soiling monitoring market is moving toward optical sensors that measure transmittance or reflectance, rather than directly measuring the impact of soiling on the performance of photovoltaic modules. These sensors, which use a single optical measurement, are not able to correct the soiling losses that depend on the solar irradiance spectra and on the spectral response of the monitored PV material. This work investigates methods that can improve the optical detection of soiling by extracting the full soiling spectrum profiles using only two or three monochromatic measurements. Spectral transmittance data, measured with a spectrophotometer and collected during a 46-week experimental soiling study carried out in Jaén, Spain, was analysed in this work. The use of a spectral profile for the hemispherical transmittance of soiled PV glass is found to significantly improve the soiling detection, returning the lowest errors independently of the PV materials and irradiance conditions. In addition, this work shows that it is also possible to select the measurement wavelengths to minimize the soiling loss detection error depending on the monitored PV semiconductor material (silicon, CdTe, a-Si, CIGS and a representative perovskite). The approaches discussed in this work are also found to be more robust to potential measurement errors compared to single wavelength measurement techniques.
description: Accepted Manuscript (Postprint)
WELCHE FAKTOREN BEEINFLUSSEN DEN ROGGENEINSATZ IN DER SCHWEINEFÜTTERUNG? EINE EMPIRISCHE ANALYSE VON DEUTSCHEN SCHWEINEHALTERN
Creators: name: Wille, Stefan Clemens
name: Lemken, Dominic
name: Stolze, Kristof
name: Wille, Stefan Clemens
name: Lemken, Dominic
name: Stolze, Kristof
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Farm Management
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Schweinefütterung
subject: Getreide
subject: Entscheidungsverhalten
subject: zweistufiges Modell für landwirtschaftliche Verbrauchsgüter

description: Der Roggenanbau ist besonders auf leichten Böden attraktiv. Durch klimatische Veränderungen und eine zukünftig stärkere Reglementierung der Düngung wird er zunehmend auch auf besseren Stand-orten interessant. Damit eine Erweiterung des Roggenanbaus auch ökonomisch attraktiv wird, müssen die Absatzwege ausgebaut werden. Dafür bietet die Schweinefütterung noch erhebliches Potenzial. Roggen spielt als Getreidekomponente in der Schweinefütterung, trotz ökonomischer Vorteile gegenüber anderen Getreidearten, wie zum Beispiel Weizen, noch immer eine untergeordnete Rolle. Die folgende Arbeit untersucht, welche Faktoren den Roggeneinsatz und die Höhe der Roggeneinsatzmenge in der Schweinefütterung beeinflussen. Die Ergebnisse einer Umfrage unter Schweinehaltern in Deutschland weisen persönliche, externe/soziale und betriebsinterne Faktoren auf. Ein zwei-stufiges ökonometrisches Modell erlaubt dabei eine getrennte Betrachtung der Faktoren, die im Zusammenhang mit der Roggeneinsatzmenge stehen und jener Faktoren, die mit gänzlichem Verzicht auf Roggen in der Fütterung in Verbindung gebracht werden können. Bei persönlichen Einstellungen zeigt sich, dass die negativere Einschätzung von Roggenvermeidern bereits beim Anbau beginnt. Bei betriebsinternen Faktoren sticht der Roggenanbau auf dem eigenen Betrieb hervor. Informationskampagnen sollten sich daher auf beide Aspekte beziehen, Anbau und Fütterungseinsatz. Ähnlich verhält es sich mit den Einstellungen zur Mutterkornbelastung, welche besser eingeordnet werden können, wenn sie in Verbindung mit der Fusarium-Anfälligkeit, relativ zum Weizen, diskutiert werden. Betriebe, die ihr Futter selber mischen, sowie einen betrieblichen Schwerpunkt in der Schweinehaltung haben, stehen dem Roggeneinsatz in der Schweinefütterung positiv gegenüber und helfen bei der Identifikation von Marktsegmenten mit Optimierungspotenzial durch verstärkten Roggeneinsatz.
Zero-energy modes, fractional fermion numbers and the index theorem in a vortex-Dirac fermion system
Creators: name: Yanagisawa, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Physics of topological materials have attracted much attention from both physicists and mathematicians recently. The index and the fermion number of Dirac fermions play an important role in topological insulators and topological superconductors. A zero-energy mode exists when Dirac fermions couple to objects with soliton-like structure such as kinks, vortices, monopoles, strings and branes. We discuss a system of Dirac fermions interacting with a vortex and a kink. This kind of systems will be realized on the surface of topological insulators where Dirac fermions exist. The fermion number is fractionalized and this is related to the presence of fermion zero-energy excitation modes. A zero-energy mode can be regarded as a Majorana fermion mode when the chemical potential vanishes. Our discussion includes the case where there is a half-flux quantum vortex associated with a kink in a magnetic field in a bilayer superconductor. A normalizable wave function of fermion zero-energy mode does not exist in the core of the half-flux quantum vortex. The index of Dirac operator and the fermion number have additional contributions when a soliton scalar field has a singularity.
description: 8 pages
Is there a cult of statistical significance in Agricultural Economics?
Creators: name: Rommel, Jens
name: Weltin, Meike
name: Rommel, Jens
name: Weltin, Meike
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Econometrics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Economic significance
subject: Methodology
subject: p-hacking
subject: Regression
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In an analysis of articles published in ten years of the American Economic Review, Deirdre McCloskey and Stephen Ziliak have shown that economists often fail to adequately distinguish economic and statistical significance. In this paper, we briefly review their arguments and develop a ten-item questionnaire on the statistical practice in the Agricultural Economics community. We apply our questionnaire to the 2015 volumes of the American Journal of Agricultural Economics, the European Review of Agricultural Economics, the Journal of Agricultural Economics, and the American Economic Review. We specifically focus on the “sizeless stare” and the negligence of economic significance. Our initial results indicate that there is room of improvement in statistical practice. Empirical papers rarely consider the power of statistical tests or run simulations. The economic consequences of estimation results are often not adequately addressed. We discuss the implications of our findings for the publication process and teaching in Agricultural Economics.