cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
KLARpsy-Text: Macht es einen Unterschied, ob man schlechte Neuigkeiten telefonisch oder persönlich erfährt?
Creators: name: ZPID
Publisher: name: KLARpsy
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 150

description: KLARpsy-Texte sind kurze, lai:innengerechte, allgemeinverständliche und richtlinienbasierte Zusammenfassungen psychologischer Übersichtsarbeiten. Dieser KLARpsy-Text hat den Titel "Macht es einen Unterschied, ob man schlechte Neuigkeiten telefonisch oder persönlich erfährt?". Er wurde von Mitarbeitenden des Leibniz-Instituts für Psychologie verfasst. Als testlesende Person war Corinna beteiligt. Der KLARpsy-Text befasst sich mit folgenden Inhalten: Schlechte Neuigkeiten zu erhalten, zum Beispiel die Diagnose einer schweren Krankheit, ist eine einschneidende Erfahrung. Lange ging man davon aus, dass es besser für die Betroffenen ist, eine solche Nachricht persönlich auszurichten. In manchen Situationen, etwa, wenn es schnell gehen muss oder während einer Pandemie, bleibt jedoch auch für schlimme Nachrichten nur der telefonische Weg. Ob die psychische Belastung, die von der Nachricht ausgeht, dann größer ist, ist noch unklar. Mit ihrer Übersichtsarbeit wollten die Forschenden herausfinden: 1) Unterscheidet sich die psychische Belastung von Menschen, die eine schlechte Neuigkeit am Telefon oder persönlich erhalten haben? 2) Unterscheidet sich die Zufriedenheit darüber, wie die schlechte Neuigkeit mitgeteilt wurde, abhängig davon, ob die Betroffenen persönlich oder telefonisch davon erfahren haben? Ob Betroffene schlechte Neuigkeiten über das Telefon oder persönlich erfahren, macht für die damit einhergehende psychische Belastung keinen bedeutsamen Unterschied. Auch für die Zufriedenheit darüber, wie man eine schlechte Neuigkeit erhalten hat, macht das Format – telefonisch oder persönlich – keinen bedeutsamen Unterschied.
SELF-INSTRUCTIONAL TRAINING OF TEST ANXIOUS STUDENTS DIFFERING ON LOCUS OF CONTROL
Creators: name: Tolbert, Jr., Herman
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
classificationCode: 5203
subject: Clinical and health psychology

description: Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 40-10, Section: B, page: 5027.
Doença Celíaca: Experiência de Dez Anos
Creators: name: Aires De Sousa, Luísa
name: Ferreira, Maria Gomes
Publisher: name: Portuguese Journal of Pediatrics
Year: 2014

description: A doença celíaca (DC) caracteriza-se por uma intolerância intestinal permanente ao glúten da dieta, que produz lesões em indivíduos geneticamente susceptíveis. Representa uma causa de malabsorção importante na Europa e tem suscitado um interesse crescente nos últimos anos, não só do ponto de vista epidemiológico, como também etiopatogénico.

A sua incidência na Europa apresenta um valor médio de 1/1000 nados-vivos, considerando-se actualmente que grande número de indivíduos tem doença clinicamente silenciosa e muitos outros apresentarão uma forma minor de enteropatia.

Foi nosso objectivo analisar as características clínicas e laboratoriais e a evolução dos casos de suspeita de doença celíaca seguidos na Consulla de Gastrenterologia Pediátrica do Hospital Garcia de Orta (HGO), nos últimos dez anos.

Nesta análise foram incluídos 13 doentes, com idades compreendidas entre 14 meses e dez anos; a distribuição por sexos revelou um predomínio do sexo feminino, com uma relação de 3,3:1; a mediana da idade no início dos sintomas foi 7 meses e da idade da suspeita diagnóstica 13 meses; a má progressão ponderal, diarreia, distensão abdominal e atrofia das massas musculares foram as manifestações clínicas de apresentação mais frequente. A data da suspeita diagnóstica, metade dos doentes apresentava anemia; em todos se verificou diminuição da xilosémia aos 60 minutos; o doseamento dos anticorpos anti-gliadina revelou valores aumentados em todos os casos em que foi efectuado. O tempo de seguimento destes doentes variou entre sete meses e nove anos. Em três casos, o diagnóstico é definitivo.

Palavras-chave: Doença celíaca (DC); glúten; anticorpo anti-gliadina (AAG); anticorpo anti-endomísio (AAE); transglutaminase tissular (TGt).
description: Portuguese Journal of Pediatrics, vol. 35 n.º 2 (2004)
Enterocolite Necrosante: A Realidade de uma Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatais
Creators: name: Gonçalves, Cláudia
name: Caldeira, Teresa
name: Gouveia, Angélica
Publisher: name: Portuguese Journal of Pediatrics
Year: 2014

description: Introdução; A enterocolite necrosante (EN) é a patologia gastrintestinal adquirida mais preocupante no período neonatal. A maioria dos casos ocorre em recém-nascidos de muito baixo peso (RNMBP) internados em Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatais (UCIN), com uma incidência de 1% a 8% nos diversos centros.

Objectivos: O objectivo deste estudo é determinar a evolução temporal da incidência de EN em RNMBP internados na UCIN do Hospital de São João (HSJ). nos anos de 1997 a 2001» avaliar a sua evolução clínica e comparar os dados obtidos com os do Registo Nacional dos RNMBP e da Vermont Oxford Network.

Resultados: A casuística incluiu 44 RN, 17,5% do total de RNMBP internados na Unidade, no referido período. Em 21 (51,2%) RN ocorreu EN > 11 e 11 (25%) foram submetidos a cirurgia.Verificaram-se 23 (52,2%) óbitos, sele em doentes submetidos a cirurgia (63,6%). A causa de morte foi atribuída à EN em 15 (65,2%) doentes. Os restantes quatro RN operados mantiveram-se em seguimento, por um período de seis a 12 meses, tendo tido evolução favorável.A nossa incidência de EN foi superior às da Vermont Oxford Network e do Registo Nacional de RN MBP.

Comentários: A nossa incidência de EN reflecte a actividade de um Serviço com cuidados em Cirurgia neonatal. O diagnóstico precoce, a evicção e correcção de factores de risco são aspectos fundamentais para a melhoria do prognóstico da EN. Como seria de prever, constatamos uma elevada mortalidade nos RNMBP com EN que necessitaram de intervenção cirúrgica.

Palavras-Chave: Enterocolite necrosante, recém-nascido de muito baixo peso.
description: Portuguese Journal of Pediatrics, vol. 35 n.º 2 (2004)
DEVELOPMENT AID AS THIRD-PARTY INTERVENTION : A CASE STUDY OF THE UGANDA NATIONAL RESCUE FRONT II PEACE PROCESS
Creators: name: Baare, Anton
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4404
subject: Development studies

description: In 2002 Denmark and other donors supported the final phases of a successful peace process between the Government of Uganda and a rebel group in Uganda’s West Nile region. This article presents this case as an example of a general trend that sees donors extending the scope of their activities to the interrelation between conflict resolution, poverty eradication and peacebuilding. Third party intervention in conflict areas has become the institutional ambition of development donors. Yet development actors give little attention to an obvious implication of these expanding ambitions: as striving conflict resolution practitioners they need to understand themselves as third party interventionists with an obligation to adapt development projects and programmes in ways that conceivably support the overall peace process. The rationale for integrating a peacebuilding paradigm into development assistance is to ensure that an agreement by conflicting parties to end violent conflict is followed by consolidating peace through equitable development. The earlier this perspective is added to peace negotiations the better. The participation of development actors in peace negotiations provides incentives for conflicting parties to reach a deal because assurances can be given that reconstruction and development will follow. Development actors need to respond by stronger and longer-term commitments to address the root causes of the conflict - even if this means that current institutional policies and operational practice need to be adjusted.
Experimental observation of non-Abelian earring nodal links in phononic crystals
Creators: name: Wang, Mudi
name: Liu, Shan
name: Ma, Qiyun
name: Zhang, Ruo-Yang
name: Wang, Dongyang
name: Guo, Qinghua
name: Yang, Biao
name: Ke, Manzhu
name: Liu, Zhengyou
name: Chan, C. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nodal lines are symmetry-protected one-dimensional band degeneracies in momentum space, which can appear in numerous topological configurations such as nodal rings, chains, links, and knots. Very recently, non-Abelian topological physics has been proposed in space-time inversion (PT) symmetric systems, and attract widespread attention. One of the most special configurations in non-Abelian system is the earring nodal link, composing of a nodal chain linking with an isolated nodal line, is signature of non-Abelian topology and cannot be elucidated using Abelian topological classifications. However, the earring nodal links have not been yet observed in real system. Here we design the phononic crystals with earring nodal links, and verify its non-Abelian topologicial charge in full-wave simulations. Moreover, we experimentally observed two different kinds of earring nodal links by measuring the band structures for two phononic crystals. Specifically, we found that the order of the nodal chain and line can switch after band inversion but their link cannot be severed. Our work provides experimental evidence for phenomena unique to non-Abelian band topology and our simple acoustic system provides a convenient platform for studying non-Abelian charges.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
Chemical Studies on the Organic Matter of Peat
Creators: name: Feustel, Irvin Carl
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
classificationCode: 340599
subject: Organic chemistry not elsewhere classified

description: This dissertation presents the results of experimental research dealing with the chemical nature of the organic matter of peat. References are given to some of the more important publications which have contributed to the knowledge of various phases of the subject. The unfamiliar reader may thereby obtain additional information concerning processes of formation, general characteristics and other topics which are related to or involved in the chemistry of peat. Therefore, only a brief outline of such considerations is given.Peat may be defined aa an accumulation of partially decomposed and disintegrated vegetable remains of successive generations of plant growth in areas of poor drainage usually having a permanent water cover. The growth of water loving types of plants such as mosses, sedges, tales and reeds in a locality having an abundant supply of water is the starting point of the formation of a deposit of peat, as these plants die and fall into the water medium in which they grow, a partial decomposition by microorganisms takes place and a new generation of growing plants replaces the fallen ones. The complete decomposition of the organic matter is prevented by the lack of air once the material has been permanently covered by water and layers of plant remains above.
Gallup/CNN/USA Today Poll # 1999-9909039: Election 2000 Benchmark #1
Creators: name: CNN
name: USA Today
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 1999

description: 2000 presidential election (16); Voting intention (5); Candidates in 2000 Republican presidential primary (1); Congressional election (2); Clinton job performance (1); Al Gore job performance (1); George W. Busch job performance (1); Gore closely associated with Clinton (1); Economy (2); Stock ownership (1); Third political party (1); Al Gore (18); George W. Busch (18); Clinton vs. Republicans in congress (1); Medicare (1); Political leaders job performance (3); Campaign finances (2); Waco, Texas (3); Pardon for 12 Puerto Rican prisoners (3); Taxes (3); Television violence (3); V-chip (2); Book readership (5); Stock market investments (5); Government involvement in business and values (2); Religion (3); 1996 presidential election (1).
Modelling lattices of organic polaritons
Creators: name: Sturges, Thomas Jebb
name: Stobińska, Magdalena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microcavity-polaritons in two-dimensional lattice geometries have been used to study a wide range of interesting physics. Meanwhile, organic materials have shown great promise on the road towards polaritonic devices, as the strong binding energy of their Frenkel excitons permits room temperature condensation and lasing. Whilst there are theoretical treatments of the condensation processes in planar organic microcavities, models of lattice geometries are lacking. Here, we introduce a model for describing the dynamics of lattices of zero-dimensional organic microcavities, where the dominant condensation mechanism involves the emission of a vibrational phonon. The vibronic resonance provides a tool for targeted condensation in a particular eigenmode of the system, which we highlight by examining a dimer and a dimerised chain. For the dimer, we observe a double resonance in the condensation efficiency that arises from tuning the condensate-reservoir detuning in to resonance with either the symmetric or antisymmetric mode. This selective condensation was also exploited in the dimerised chain, to condense the system into the topological edge states under homogeneous pumping of all cavities. We also showed an interesting signature of nonreciprocal transport when pumping a single cavity in the chain, where the direction of propagation depends on the sublattice being pumped.
description: Main text: 11 pages, 5 figures, 1 table; Supplementary Material: 6 pages, 0 figures, 1 table
Terrorism/Nuclear Weapons/Dating/Internet
Creators: name: CNN
name: Time
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2002

description: Direction of country (1); Democrats vs. Republicans (2); George W. Bush job performance (1); Threat of Countries (6); People in the news (8); Russia (2); Congressional election (2); Future attacks (15); results of attacks (7); CIA/FBI (11); Warning about 1/11 (7); U.S./Russia reducing nuclear missiles/weapons (7); Dating (7); Internet (2)
Globular clusters as tracers of the dark matter halo: insights from the E-MOSAICS simulations
Creators: name: Reina-Campos, Marta
name: Trujillo-Gomez, Sebastian
name: Deason, Alis J.
name: Kruijssen, J. M. Diederik
name: Pfeffer, Joel L.
name: Crain, Robert A.
name: Bastian, Nate
name: Hughes, Meghan E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Globular clusters (GCs) are bright objects that span a wide range of galactocentric distances, and are thus probes of the structure of dark matter (DM) haloes. In this work, we explore whether the projected radial profiles of GCs can be used to infer the structural properties of their host DM haloes. We use the simulated GC populations in a sample of 166 central galaxies from the $(34.4~\rm cMpc)^3$ periodic volume of the E-MOSAICS project. We find that more massive galaxies host stellar and GC populations with shallower density profiles that are more radially extended. In addition, the metal-poor GC subpopulations tend to have shallower and more extended profiles than the metal-rich subsamples, which we relate to the preferentially accreted origin of the metal-poor GCs. We find strong correlations between the slopes and effective radii of the radial profiles of the GC populations and the structural properties of the DM haloes, such as their power-law slopes, scale radii, and concentration parameters. Accounting for a dependence on the galaxy stellar mass decreases the scatter of the two-dimensional relations. This suggests that the projected number counts of GCs, combined with their galaxy mass, trace the density profile of the DM halo of their host galaxy. When applied to extragalactic GC systems, we recover the scale radii and the extent of the DM haloes of a sample of ETGs with uncertainties smaller than $0.2~\rm dex$. Thus, extragalactic GC systems provide a novel avenue to explore the structure of DM haloes beyond the Local Group.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures and 2 tables; submitted to MNRAS, comments and/or suggestions are welcomed!
Harris Interactive/Time Magazine/CNN Poll # 08: Iraq/Terrorism/September 11th
Creators: name: CNN
name: Time
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2002

description: Direction of Country (1); Bush job performance (4); Main problem in country (1); Opinions of people in news (8); Economy (2); Bush response to terrorism (1); 2004 presidential election (1); Removal of Saddam Hussein (5); War with Iraq (2); Weapon inspections in Iraq (2); Military action against Iraq with or without congressional consent (1); Likely outcomes of sending ground troops into Iraq (7); September 11th, 2001 (2); Life back to normal after September 11th (2); Country back to normal after September 11th (2); Safety after September 11th (2); Fear of attacks on 9-11-02 (1); Terrorism in next 12 months (5); Own city/town as target of terrorism (2); Federal power to investigate U.S. citizens (2); Office of Homeland Security (1); U.S. Intelligence prior to September 11th (1); First anniversary of terrorist attacks (7); September 11th as national holiday (1); becoming victim of terrorism (1); Flying on 9-11-02 (1); Military action in Afghanistan (3); Osama bin Laden dead or alive (1); Baseball (4).
Chemical Studies on the Organic Matter of Peat
Creators: name: Feustel, Irvin Carl
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This dissertation presents the results of experimental research dealing with the chemical nature of the organic matter of peat. References are given to some of the more important publications which have contributed to the knowledge of various phases of the subject. The unfamiliar reader may thereby obtain additional information concerning processes of formation, general characteristics and other topics which are related to or involved in the chemistry of peat. Therefore, only a brief outline of such considerations is given.Peat may be defined aa an accumulation of partially decomposed and disintegrated vegetable remains of successive generations of plant growth in areas of poor drainage usually having a permanent water cover. The growth of water loving types of plants such as mosses, sedges, tales and reeds in a locality having an abundant supply of water is the starting point of the formation of a deposit of peat, as these plants die and fall into the water medium in which they grow, a partial decomposition by microorganisms takes place and a new generation of growing plants replaces the fallen ones. The complete decomposition of the organic matter is prevented by the lack of air once the material has been permanently covered by water and layers of plant remains above.
Automatic linear measurements of the fetal brain on MRI with deep neural networks
Creators: name: Avisdris, Netanell
name: Yehuda, Bossmat
name: Ben-Zvi, Ori
name: Link-Sourani, Daphna
name: Ben-Sira, Liat
name: Miller, Elka
name: Zharkov, Elena
name: Bashat, Dafna Ben
name: Joskowicz, Leo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Timely, accurate and reliable assessment of fetal brain development is essential to reduce short and long-term risks to fetus and mother. Fetal MRI is increasingly used for fetal brain assessment. Three key biometric linear measurements important for fetal brain evaluation are Cerebral Biparietal Diameter (CBD), Bone Biparietal Diameter (BBD), and Trans-Cerebellum Diameter (TCD), obtained manually by expert radiologists on reference slices, which is time consuming and prone to human error. The aim of this study was to develop a fully automatic method computing the CBD, BBD and TCD measurements from fetal brain MRI. The input is fetal brain MRI volumes which may include the fetal body and the mother's abdomen. The outputs are the measurement values and reference slices on which the measurements were computed. The method, which follows the manual measurements principle, consists of five stages: 1) computation of a Region Of Interest that includes the fetal brain with an anisotropic 3D U-Net classifier; 2) reference slice selection with a Convolutional Neural Network; 3) slice-wise fetal brain structures segmentation with a multiclass U-Net classifier; 4) computation of the fetal brain midsagittal line and fetal brain orientation, and; 5) computation of the measurements. Experimental results on 214 volumes for CBD, BBD and TCD measurements yielded a mean $L_1$ difference of 1.55mm, 1.45mm and 1.23mm respectively, and a Bland-Altman 95% confidence interval ($CI_{95}$) of 3.92mm, 3.98mm and 2.25mm respectively. These results are similar to the manual inter-observer variability. The proposed automatic method for computing biometric linear measurements of the fetal brain from MR imaging achieves human level performance. It has the potential of being a useful method for the assessment of fetal brain biometry in normal and pathological cases, and of improving routine clinical practice.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, presented in CARS 2020, submitted to IJCARS
The "Flexible" Tariff: The Operation of Section 315 of the Tariff Act of 1922 with Special Reference to Farm Products
Creators: name: Shelledy, F.H.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Upon signing the tariff act of 1922, President Harding said:I do not know how many of you are in accord with me about it, but if we succeed, as I hope we will, in making effective the elastic provisions of this bill, it will be the greatest contribution toward progress in tariff making in a century.The "elastic" or "flexible" provisions here referred to comprise section 315, Title III of the tariff act of 1922, now superseded by section 336 of the act of 1930. These sections conferred upon the President the power to adjust import duties, within certain limits, upon the basis of differences between the cost of production in the United States and the cost in the principal competing country.Flexible import duties are not new or unusual. They date far back into the past and they have been used in various forms by many countries. The Corn Laws of England are a classic example of this type of duty. At the present time in many countries besides the United States customs tariff rates are subject to change, upon application or otherwise, by committee, board, commission, or body other than the one enacting tariff legislation. But the United States is the only country in the world which uses differences between foreign and domestic cost of production as the sole or determining basis for adjustment of import duties. In other countries which use the device of a flexible tariff, this has been only one of the factors considered in determining the rate of duly to be imposed.
IOP Poll # 2005-UGRAD: Survey name: Politics and Public Service & College Undergraduate Survey 2005
Creators: name: Institute Of Politics At Harvard University
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2006

description: College enrollment (2); students registered to vote (1); liberal vs. conservative views (1); political activism and involvement (6); direction of country (1); George W. Bush job performance (1); U.S. handling Iraq (1); Hurricane Katrina (3); opinions on supreme court nominations (3); Harriet Miers (4); extracurricular involvement (6); online political involvement (2); likeliness to be politically active (2); likeliness to provide community service (1); opinions on political activities (11); effectiveness of political engagement (2); effectiveness of community volunteerism (2); trust in individuals and institutions (5); ethics of congress (1); opinions on politics and public service (20); involvement with news and information (8).
Dispersive 1D Majorana modes with emergent supersymmetry in 1D proximitized superconductors via spatially-modulated potentials and magnetic fields
Creators: name: Marra, Pasquale
name: Inotani, Daisuke
name: Nitta, Muneto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In condensed matter systems, zero-dimensional or one-dimensional Majorana modes can be realized respectively as the end and edge states of one-dimensional and two-dimensional topological superconductors. In this $\textit{top-down}$ approach, $(d-1)$-dimensional Majorana modes are obtained as the boundary states of a topologically nontrivial $d$-dimensional bulk. In a $\textit{bottom-up}$ approach instead, $d$-dimensional Majorana modes in a $d$-dimensional system can be realized as the continuous limit of a periodic lattice of coupled $(d-1)$-dimensional Majorana modes. We illustrate this idea by considering one-dimensional proximitized superconductors with spatially-modulated potential or magnetic fields. The ensuing inhomogeneous topological state exhibits one-dimensional counterpropagating Majorana modes with finite dispersion, and with a Majorana gap that can be controlled by external fields. In the massless case, the Majorana modes have opposite Majorana polarizations and pseudospins, are conformally invariant, and realize centrally extended quantum mechanical supersymmetry. The supersymmetry exhibits spontaneous partial breaking. Consequently, the massless Majorana fermion can be identified as a Goldstino, i.e., the Nambu-Goldstone fermion associated with the spontaneously broken supersymmetry.
description: 22 pages, 10 figures, accepted on Phys. Rev. B
The "Flexible" Tariff: The Operation of Section 315 of the Tariff Act of 1922 with Special Reference to Farm Products
Creators: name: Shelledy, F.H.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 30
subject: Agricultural, veterinary and food sciences
classificationCode: 4407
subject: Policy and administration

description: Upon signing the tariff act of 1922, President Harding said:I do not know how many of you are in accord with me about it, but if we succeed, as I hope we will, in making effective the elastic provisions of this bill, it will be the greatest contribution toward progress in tariff making in a century.The "elastic" or "flexible" provisions here referred to comprise section 315, Title III of the tariff act of 1922, now superseded by section 336 of the act of 1930. These sections conferred upon the President the power to adjust import duties, within certain limits, upon the basis of differences between the cost of production in the United States and the cost in the principal competing country.Flexible import duties are not new or unusual. They date far back into the past and they have been used in various forms by many countries. The Corn Laws of England are a classic example of this type of duty. At the present time in many countries besides the United States customs tariff rates are subject to change, upon application or otherwise, by committee, board, commission, or body other than the one enacting tariff legislation. But the United States is the only country in the world which uses differences between foreign and domestic cost of production as the sole or determining basis for adjustment of import duties. In other countries which use the device of a flexible tariff, this has been only one of the factors considered in determining the rate of duly to be imposed.
Nielsen complexity of coherent spin state operators
Creators: name: Pal, Kunal
name: Pal, Kuntal
name: Sarkar, Tapobrata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate Nielsen's circuit complexity of coherent spin state operators. An expression for the complexity is obtained by using the small angle approximation of the Euler angle parametrisation of a general $SO(3)$ rotation. This is then extended to arbitrary times for systems whose time evolutions are generated by couplings to an external field, as well as non-linearly interacting Hamiltonians. In particular, we show how the Nielsen complexity relates to squeezing parameters of the one-axis twisted Hamiltonians in a transverse field, thus indicating its relation with pairwise entanglement. We further point out the difficulty with this approach for the Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model, and resolve the problem by computing the complexity in the Tait-Bryan parametrisation.
description: 11 Pages
Public Agenda Foundation Poll # 2003-PUSH: Travel Civility
Creators: name: Travelocity
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2009

description: Rude passengers (2); rude passengers as a stressor (1); frequency of courteous treatment (1); employees rude to passengers (2); frequency of impolite behavior (1); training for dealing with rude passengers (2); result of rude behavior (1); causes of rude behavior (8); values and morality (1); solution for rude passengers (1); sharing incidents (1); transport work (1); frequent travels (2); travel stressors (9); negative effectors (2); ranking rudeness/disrespect (1); problem of rudeness/disrespect (1); likelihood of encountering rude behavior (1); qualifiers for rude behavior (19); bring food on plane (3); being treated courteously (5); behavior during holiday season (2); getting over rude behavior (1); actions taken after rude treatment (7); dealing with rude fellow travelers (2); loosing patience (1); raising voice with travel personnel (1); eliciting a rude response (11); encouraging rude behavior (8).
Just Cause for Discharge and Its Relation to Unemployment Insurance
Creators: name: Wiener, Robert J.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The purpose of this study is, first, to examine cases of discharge for cause (that is, disciplinary discharges). The motive is to determine the justice or injustice of this exercise of managerial prerogative under particular circumstances. This should have general industrial applicability* The investigation has been given a special motive by the passage of forty-four state unemployment compensation laws. Since these acts attach a penalty to an employee who is otherwise eligible for benefits, but has allegedly been discharged for misconduct, it will become the duty of the state administrative agencies to determine in each contested case whether or not the claimant has been justly so accused. Because it was necessary to limit the scope of the investigation so that each aspect might properly be studied, the ultimate objective of providing a practical manual of principles with which to judge the justice of any discharge has been constantly kept in mind.The principles with which this study concludes are generalities also, but with a direct and practical relation to their field, of application. They have been derived from a study of selected individual cases which should simplify understanding, A further simplification, it is believed, is impractical.
Fully Resonant Magneto-elastic Spin-wave Excitation by Surface Acoustic Waves under Conservation of Energy and Linear Momentum
Creators: name: Geilen, Moritz
name: Nicoloiu, Alexandra
name: Narducci, Daniele
name: Mohseni, Morteza
name: Bechberger, Moritz
name: Ender, Milan
name: Ciubotaru, Florin
name: Müller, Alexandru
name: Hillebrands, Burkard
name: Adelmann, Christoph
name: Pirro, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the resonant excitation of spin waves in micro-structured magnetic thin films by surface acoustic waves (SAWs). The spin waves as well as the acoustic waves are studied by micro-focused Brillouin light scattering spectroscopy. Besides the excitation of the ferromagnetic resonance, a process which does not fulfill momentum conservation, also the excitation of finite-wavelength spin waves can be observed at low magnetic fields. Using micromagnetic simulations, we verify that during this excitation both energy and linear momentum are conserved and fully transferred from the SAW to the spin wave.
description: This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No. 801055 "Spin Wave Computing for Ultimately-Scaled Hybrid Low-Power Electronics" - CHIRON
High-Q Resonances Governed by the Quasi-Bound States in the Continuum in All-Dielectric Metasurfaces
Creators: name: Fang, C.
name: Yang, Q.
name: Yuan, Q.
name: Gan, X.
name: Zhao, J.
name: Shao, Y.
name: Liu, Y.
name: Han, G.
name: Hao, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The realization of high-Q resonances in a silicon metasurface with various broken-symmetry blocks is reported. Theoretical analysis reveals that the sharp resonances in the metasurfaces originate from symmetry-protected bound states in the continuum (BIC) and the magnetic dipole dominates these peculiar states. A smaller size of the defect in the broken-symmetry block gives rise to the resonance with a larger Q factor. Importantly, this relationship can be tuned by changing the structural parameter, resulting from the modulation of the topological configuration of BICs. Consequently, a Q factor of more than 3,000 can be easily achieved by optimizing dimensions of the nanostructure. At this sharp resonance, the intensity of the third harmonic generation signal in the patterned structure can be 368 times larger than that of the flat silicon film. The proposed strategy and underlying theory can open up new avenues to realize ultrasharp resonances, which may promote the development of the potential meta-devices for nonlinearity, lasing action, and sensing.
description: 12 pages,5 figures
Public Agenda Foundation Poll: Religion and Public Life
Creators: name: Public Agenda Foundation
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2005

description: Influence of religious fate in life (1); death penalty (2); poverty and welfare (2); abortion (2); gay rights (2); gay marriage (2); laws and public policy decisions of deeply religious elected officials (2); politicians who talk about their faith during elections (1); voters should/should not consider religious affiliation of candidates (1); more/less likely to vote for candidates based on certain conditions (5); George W. Bush's religious affiliation (1); John Kerry's religious affiliation (1); religious vs, honest politicians (1); news media attention to religious backgrounds and beliefs of candidates (1); religious leaders who speak on political issues (6); religious observances in the workplace (3); 2000 presidential election (1); 2004 presidential election (1).
Public Agenda Foundation Poll: Teachers Interrupted
Creators: name: Public Agenda Foundation
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2006

description: Importance of good student discipline and behavior to having a successful school (2); student discipline and behavior a problem at school (20); teachers quitting due to student discipline and behavior issues (2); handful of students who cause most discipline problems at school/more widespread than that (2); persistent troublemakers at school (2); ever been accused by a parent of unfairly disciplining or reprimanding their child (2); how often can count on principal to support teachers on matters of student discipline and behavior (1); agree/disagree with certain statements (17); formal documentation of student misbehavior (2); process for expelling students (1); how would most teachers at respondent's school react if a fight between students broke out in front of them (2); parents who challenge or threaten to sue school when the children are disciplined (3); private vs. public schools on student discipline and behavior (4); tough neighborhoods do/do not have more problems with student discipline and behavior (2); white principal with serious student discipline problems at mostly African American school (2); school does/does not have armed police officer stationed on school grounds (2); zero-tolerance policy regarding student discipline and behavior (1); school does/does not have official policy that discourages teachers from physically intervening when students fight (1); causes of student discipline and behavior problems in public schools (20); things which undermine student discipline and behavior in public schools (1); mission of teaching (1); effective solutions to discipline and behavior problems in public schools (23); how many years been a public school teacher (1); teach at middle or junior high school/high school/something else (1); how many students attend school (2); location of school (1); state respondent teaches in (1); how many students are African American or Hispanic (2); percentage of students at school eligible for free or reduced-price lunch program (1); ever considered moving child to another school because discipline and behavior was such a problem (1); fair and appropriate teachers at child's school when they discipline or reprimand students (1); ever felt that a teacher unfairly disciplined or reprimanded respondent's child (3); principal does/does not have a good handle on discipline and behavior (1); special-needs children are/are not more likely to get away with misbehavior (2); how active in child's school (1).
Distance-$k$ locating-dominating sets in graphs
Creators: name: Kang, Cong X.
name: Yi, Eunjeong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C12, 05C69

description: Let $G$ be a graph with vertex set $V$, and let $k$ be a positive integer. A set $D \subseteq V$ is a \emph{distance-$k$ dominating set} of $G$ if, for each vertex $u \in V-D$, there exists a vertex $w\in D$ such that $d(u,w) \le k$, where $d(u,w)$ is the minimum number of edges linking $u$ and $w$ in $G$. Let $d_k(x, y)=\min\{d(x,y), k+1\}$. A set $R\subseteq V$ is a \emph{distance-$k$ resolving set} of $G$ if, for any pair of distinct $x,y\in V$, there exists a vertex $z\in R$ such that $d_k(x,z) \neq d_k(y,z)$. The \emph{distance-$k$ domination number} $γ_k(G)$ (\emph{distance-$k$ dimension} $\dim_k(G)$, respectively) of $G$ is the minimum cardinality of all distance-$k$ dominating sets (distance-$k$ resolving sets, respectively) of $G$. The \emph{distance-$k$ location-domination number}, $γ_L^k(G)$, of $G$ is the minimum cardinality of all sets $S\subseteq V$ such that $S$ is both a distance-$k$ dominating set and a distance-$k$ resolving set of $G$. Note that $γ_L^1(G)$ is the well-known location-domination number introduced by Slater in 1988. For any connected graph $G$ of order $n\ge 2$, we obtain the following sharp bounds: (1) $γ_k(G) \le \dim_k(G)+1$; (2) $2\leγ_k(G)+\dim_k(G) \le n$; (3) $1\le \max\{γ_k(G), \dim_k(G)\} \le γ_L^k(G) \le \min\{\dim_k(G)+1, n-1\}$. We characterize $G$ for which $γ_L^k(G)\in\{1, |V|-1\}$. We observe that $\frac{\dim_k(G)}{γ_k(G)}$ can be arbitrarily large. Moreover, for any tree $T$ of order $n\ge 2$, we show that $γ_L^k(T)\le n-ex(T)$, where $ex(T)$ denotes the number of exterior major vertices of $T$, and we characterize trees $T$ achieving equality. We also examine the effect of edge deletion on the distance-$k$ location-domination number of graphs.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures
Public Agenda Foundation Poll: Confidence in Foreign Policy Index--Volume 2
Creators: name: Public Agenda Foundation
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2009

description: Problems in United States (1); world view of United States (1); qualities seen in United States (10); government handling international/domestic issues (2); relations with other countries (2); American pride (1); fighting terrorism (1); grading American achievement of goals (24); worries (17); thoughts and beliefs (4); realistic expectations (5); government ability to do a lot about something (10); cooperating with harsh governments (1); aiding spread of democracy (1); foreign aid (1); important aspects of foreign policy (11); supporting United Nations Peacekeeping effort (1); government being truthful (6); Islam (1); Muslims (1); national security (13); criticisms of foreign policy (5).
Προδιαθεσικοί παράγοντες για την ανάπτυξη νεοπλασμάτων θυρεοειδούς και παραθυρεοειδών σε παιδιά και εφήβους
Creators: name: Αρβανίτη, Αντωνία Γ.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2024
Subjects: Παράγοντες κινδύνου ή προδιαθεσικοί παράγοντες
Καρκίνος θυρεοειδούς σε παιδιά και εφήβους
Καρκίνος παραθυρεοειδών σε παιδιά και εφήβους
Risk factors or predisposing factors
Thyroid cancer in children and adolescents
Parathyroid cancer in children and adolescents

description: Η επίπτωση του καρκίνου του θυρεοειδούς στα παιδιά και τους εφήβους παρουσιάζει αύξηση τα τελευταία χρόνια, η οποία δεν μπορεί να αποδοθεί μόνο σε υπερδιάγνωση αλλά και σε άλλους παράγοντες. Λίγοι προδιαθεσικοί παράγοντες έχουν βρεθεί ότι σχετίζονται με την εμφάνιση του. Αυτοί διακρίνονται σε αυτούς που δεν μπορούν να τροποποιηθούν και αφορούν κυρίως την ηλικία, το φύλο, θυρεοειδο-πάθειες και κληρονομικές καταστάσεις και σε αυτούς που είναι δυνατόν να τροποποιηθούν και έχουν να κάνουν με την έκθεση στην ακτινοβολία ,το αυξημένο βάρος γέννησης και BMI και την περιεκτικότητα της διατροφής σε ιώδιο. Η κατανόηση και ο προσδιορισμός των παραγόντων αυτών έχει σημασία καθώς, η αποφυγή ή η ελάττωση έκθεσης σε αυτούς που επιδέχονται τροποποίηση μπορεί να μειώσει την επίπτωση εμφάνισης κακοήθειας του θυρεοειδούς, ενώ η γνώση αυτών που δεν μπορούν να τροποποιηθούν με την έναρξη πιο πρώιμης και τακτικής παρακολούθησης του θυρεοειδούς μπορεί να εξασφαλίσει διάγνωση της κακοήθειας σε πιο πρώιμα στάδια. Ο καρκίνος των παραθυρεοειδών είναι μια εξαιρετικά σπάνια κλινική οντότητα, ειδικά στους παιδιατρικούς ασθενείς, και η αναγνώριση παραγόντων που προδιαθέτουν στην εμφάνιση του είναι εξαιρετικά δύσκολη. Το σύνδρομο υπερπαραθυρεοειδισμός- όγκος γνάθου καθώς και ο οικογενής μεμονωμένος υπερπαραθυρεοειδισμός σχετίζονται με εμφάνιση καρκίνου παραθυρεοειδών υπάρχουν όμως και σποραδικά περιστατικά
description: The incidence of thyroid cancer in children and adolescents shows an increase in recent years, which cannot be attributed only to overdiagnosis but also to other factors. Few predisposing factors have been found to be associated with its occurrence. These are distinguished between those that cannot be modified and mainly concern age, sex, thyroid diseases and hereditary conditions and those that can be modified and have to do with exposure to radiation, increased birth weight and BMI and the content of iodine nutrition. Understanding and identifying these factors is important as avoiding or reducing exposure to those that are modifiable may reduce the incidence of thyroid malignancy, while knowledge of those that are not modifiable by initiating earlier and more regular monitoring of the thyroid can ensure a diagnosis of malignancy at earlier stages. Parathyroid cancer is an extremely rare clinical entity, especially in pediatric patients, and identification of predisposing factors is extremely difficult. Hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome as well as familial isolated hyperparathyroidism are associated with the appearance of parathyroid cancer, but there are also sporadic cases.
KLARpsy-Text: Lernen wir besser mit Videos, in denen eine Lehrperson zu sehen ist?
Creators: name: ZPID
Publisher: name: KLARpsy
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 150

description: KLARpsy-Texte sind kurze, lai:innengerechte, allgemeinverständliche und richtlinienbasierte Zusammenfassungen psychologischer Übersichtsarbeiten. Dieser KLARpsy-Text hat den Titel "Lernen wir besser mit Videos, in denen eine Lehrperson zu sehen ist?". Er wurde von Mitarbeitenden des Leibniz-Instituts für Psychologie verfasst. Eine anonyme testlesende Person war beteiligt. Der KLARpsy-Text befasst sich mit folgenden Inhalten: Videos sind ein beliebtes Mittel, um Wissen zu vermitteln. Für den Unterricht in Schulen und Univer-sitäten sowie das private Lernen spielen sie eine große Rolle. Es ist deshalb wichtig heraus zu fin-den, welche Merkmale von Videos das Lernen erleichtern. Mit ihrer Übersichtsarbeit wollten die Forschenden herausfinden: Macht es beim Lernen mit Videos einen Unterschied, ob eine Lehrperson im Video zu sehen ist oder nicht? Wenn eine Lehrperson im Video sichtbar ist, behalten Lernende mehr Informationen. Ihre Stimmung und ihre Motivation sind auch besser. Zudem fühlen sie sich mehr sozial eingebunden und weniger geistig beansprucht.
Metal-Insulator Transition with Charge Fractionalization
Creators: name: Xu, Yichen
name: Wu, Xiao-Chuan
name: Ye, Mengxing
name: Luo, Zhu-Xi
name: Jian, Chao-Ming
name: Xu, Cenke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been proposed that an extended version of the Hubbard model which potentially hosts rich correlated physics may be well simulated by the transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) moiré heterostructures. Motivated by recent reports of continuous metal-insulator transition (MIT) at half filling, as well as correlated insulators at various fractional fillings in TMD moiré heterostructures, we propose a theory for the potentially continuous MIT with fractionalized electric charges. The charge fractionalization at the MIT will lead to various experimental observable effects, such as a large critical resistivity as well as large universal resistivity jump at the continuous MIT. These predictions are different from previously proposed theory for interaction-driven continuous MIT. Physics in phases near the MIT will also be discussed.
description: 24 pages, 4 figures
Pew Research Center Poll: Typology--Politics/News/Economy/Stem Cell Research/Trade/Taxes/Federal Budget/Iraq/Patriot Act/Internet Use
Creators: name: Pew Research Center
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2006

description: George W. Bush job performance (2); direction of country (1); political divisions (5); feelings about George W. Bush being re-elected president (1); how closely followed certain news stories this past month (7); name of person George W. Bush nominated to replace Colin Powell as Secretary of State (1); Iraq (4); feelings on certain issues (36); opinion of certain groups (3); economy (1); news about national and international issues (4); interest in government and public affairs (1); Social Security (2); stem cell research (2); tax cuts (1); defense spending (1); using military force against countries that may seriously threaten our country (1); free trade (1); cutting taxes/reducing federal budget deficit should be higher priority now (1); Patriot Act (2); personal life (6); computer use (2); always vote along party lines/sometimes vote for other party (2); 2004 presidential election (1); how often vote (1).