cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Population-Based Investigation of Parkinson's Disease with and without Dementia: Relationship to Age and Gender
Creators: name: Mayeux, Richard Paul
name: Denaro, Jean
name: Hemenegildo, Nancy
name: Marder, Karen
name: Tang, Mingxin
name: Cote, Lucien J.
name: Stern, Yaakov
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1992
Subjects: Neurology
Dementia
Parkinson's disease
Epidemiology

description: Because the prevalence of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) with or without dementia remains controversial, we initiated a population-based investigation in the Washington Heights—Inwood section of New York, NY, so that nearly complete case ascertainment could be achieved. A "registry" was developed for the study, and we advertised in periodicals and on radio and television. Subjects, or their records, were examined by experienced neurologists, and most underwent a battery of neuropsychological tests specifically designed for assessment in this community. All data were reviewed by a team of clinicians to achieve a consensus diagnosis. The crude prevalence of idiopathic PD, with and without dementia, was 99.4 per 100 000, increasing from 2.3 per 100 000 for those younger than 50 years to 1144.9 per 100 000 for those aged 80 years and older. The crude prevalence for PD with dementia alone was 41.1 per 100 000 and also increased with age from zero for those younger than 50 years to 787.1 per 100 000 for those aged 80 years and older. Prevalence ratios were comparable with those of other published population-based studies in similar settings. After standardization, men had PD with and without dementia more frequently than did women. The major difference between patients with and without dementia was a later estimated age at onset of motor manifestations. We conclude that PD is a frequent disorder in the elderly population that affects men and whites more frequently than women and nonwhites. Moreover, dementia in patients with PD is more frequent than previously recognized and is strongly related to the age at onset of motor manifestations.
MACSUR SciPol Policy Brief 9: Eur‐Agri‐SSPs: Scenarios for European Agri‐Food Systems to Support Policy Design
Creators: name: Schönhart, Martin
name: Mitter, Hermine
name: Jost, Elisabeth
name: Helming, Katharina
name: Muscat, Abigail
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: In this policy brief, we present the structure and content of five contrasting European scenarios for agri food systems until 2050 and argue why they can support decision making in the agri food system. The policy brief is a result of the MACSUR Science Policy Knowledge Forum. 
The MACSUR SciPol knowledge forum is a pilot exercise initiated by the Joint Programming Initiative for Agriculture, Food Security and Climate Change (FACCE JPI) to bring science and policy actors together for the strategic design of climate change adaptation and mitigation solutions in the agri-food sector in Europe This policy brief contributes to this mission by providing evidence-based information to policy for achieving carbon neutrality by 2050 adapting to climate change and understanding synergies and trade-offs in achieving these targets.
Higgs Boson masses and B-Physics Constraints in Non-Minimal Flavor Violating SUSY scenarios
Creators: name: Arana-Catania, M.
name: Heinemeyer, S.
name: Herrero, M. J.
name: Penaranda, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present one-loop corrections to the Higgs boson masses in the MSSM with Non-Minimal Flavor Violation. The flavor violation is generated from the hypothesis of general flavor mixing in the squark mass matrices, and these are parameterized by a complete set of delta^XY_ij (X, Y = L,R; i; j = t, c, u or b, s, d). We calculate the corrections to the Higgs masses in terms of these delta^XY_ij taking into account all relevant restrictions from B-physics data. This includes constraints from BR(B -> Xs gamma), BR(Bs -> mu+ mu-) and delta M_B_s . After taking into account these constraints we find sizable corrections to the Higgs boson masses, in the case of the lightest MSSM Higgs boson mass exceeding tens of GeV. These corrections are found mainly for the low tan beta case. In the case of a Higgs boson mass measurement these corrections might be used to set further constraints on delta^XY_ij.
description: 58 pages, 15 figures, Minor modifications, version to appear in JHEP
Additional file 1 of Weighing the necessities and concerns of deprescribing among older ambulatory patients and primary care trainees: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Goh, Sheron Sir Loon
name: Lai, Pauline Siew Mei
name: Ramdzan, Siti Nurkamilla
name: Tan, Kit Mun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
classificationCode: 59999
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1 Topic guide
A Transfer Matrix Method for Resonances in Randall-Sundrum Models II: The Deformed Case
Creators: name: Landim, R. R.
name: Alencar, G.
name: Tahim, M. O.
name: Filho, R. N. Costa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we consider resonances of the Gauge, Gravity and Spinor fields in Randall-Sundrum-like scenarios. We consider membranes that are generated by a class of topological defects that are deformed domain walls obtained from other previously known ones. They are obtained by a deformation procedure generate different potentials to the associated Schrödinger-like equation. The resonance spectra are calculated numerically using the method of Transfer Matrix developed by the authors and presented in JHEP 1108 (2011) 071. The new deformed defects change the resonances spectra of all fields considered and the associated phenomenology as well.
description: 29 pages, 19 figures
A Clinicopathological Comparison of Community-Based and Clinic-Based Cohorts of Patients with Dementia
Creators: name: Massoud, Fadi
name: Devi, Gayatri
name: Stern, Yaakov
name: Lawton, Arlene
name: Goldman, James E.
name: Liu, Yan
name: Chin, Steven S.
name: Mayeux, Richard Paul
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1999
Subjects: Neurology
Dementia
Alzheimer's disease--Diagnosis
Pathology

description: Objectives: To compare the sensitivity and specificity of the clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer disease, the distribution of pathological causes, and the demographic and clinical characteristics of 2 different groups of patients with dementia. Design: Retrospective clinicopathological study. Setting: A memory disorder clinic in a university hospital and a multiethnic community. Patients: Sixty-three patients from a memory disorder clinic and 26 patients from a large community-based study who underwent autopsy after clinical evaluation. Main Outcome Measures: Differential distribution of clinical and pathological findings, with clinicopathological correlations. Results: Clinic patients were younger at diagnosis, more educated, and more likely to be white. Of the 63 clinic patients we evaluated, 29 (46%) had a pathological diagnosis of definite AD, 15 (24%) had a diagnosis of mixed AD, and 19 (30%) had a diagnosis of another type of dementia. The pathological diagnoses in the community patients were distributed as follows: 6 (23%) had definite AD, 6 (23%) had mixed AD, 6 (23%) had cerebrovascular disease, and 8 (31%) had another type of dementia. The difference in distribution of pathological diagnoses between these 2 groups was only significant for cerebrovascular diseases. For patients seen at the clinic, the sensitivity of the clinical diagnosis of AD was 98% and the specificity was 84%; for the community group, the sensitivity was 92% and the specificity was 79%. Conclusions: The difference in sensitivity and specificity of clinical diagnosis was not statistically significant between the groups of clinic patients and community patients. Dementia associated with cerebrovascular disease was more prevalent in the community sample. This difference may be attributable to clinical and demographic differences between the 2 groups.
Automated Image Quality Assessment for Fundus Images in Retinopathy of Prematurity
Creators: name: Coyner, Aaron S
name: Swan, Ryan
name: Kalpathy-Cramer, Jayashree
name: Kim, Sang Jin
name: Campbell, J Peter
name: Jonas, Karyn
name: Ostmo, Susan
name: Chan, RV Paul
name: Chiang, Michael F
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017

description: Implementation of an algorithm for automatically assessing the quality of fundus images acquired from preterm infants with a possible diagnosis of Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP).
A Controlled Prospective Study of Neuropsychological Dysfunction Following Carotid Endarterectomy
Creators: name: Heyer, Eric J.
name: Sharma, Ruchey
name: Rampersad, Anita
name: Winfree, Christopher J.
name: Mack, William
name: Solomon, Robert A.
name: Todd, George J.
name: McCormick, Paul C.
name: McMurtry, James G.
name: Quest, Donald O.
name: Stern, Yaakov
name: Lazar, Ronald M.
name: Connolly Jr., E. Sander
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Neurology
Neuropsychology
Endarterectomy
Carotid artery--Surgery
Cognition

description: BACKGROUND: Although subtle cognitive injury as revealed by neuropsychological testing occurs in a substantial number of patients following carotid endarterectomy (CEA), there is controversy about whether this finding is a result of the surgery or the anesthesia. OBJECTIVES: To examine the changes in neuropsychological test performance in patients following CEA vs a control group of patients older than 60 years following spine surgery, so as to determine whether neuropsychological dysfunction after CEA is a result of surgery or anesthesia. METHODS: Patients undergoing CEA (n = 80) and lumbar spine surgery (n = 25) were assessed with a battery of neuropsychological tests preoperatively and on postoperative days 1 and 30. The neuropsychological performance of patients in the control group was used to normalize performance for patients in the CEA group, by calculating z scores using the mean and SD of the change scores in the control group. Significant cognitive dysfunction was defined as performance that exceeded 2 SDs above the mean performance of patients in the control group. RESULTS: Postoperative days 1 and 30 total deficit scores were significantly worse in the CEA group compared with the controls. When individual test results were examined, the CEA group performed significantly worse than the controls on the Rey Complex Figure test and Halstead-Reitan Trails B on day 1, and on the Rey Complex Figure on day 30. Overall, cognitive dysfunction was seen in 22 patients (28%) in the CEA group on day 1 and in 11 (23%) of 48 patients on day 30. CONCLUSIONS: Subtle cognitive decline following CEA occurs and persists for at least several weeks after surgery. This decline was absent in a control group
Supplementary Information from Behavioural responses of fin whales to military mid-frequency active sonar
Creators: name: Southall, Brandon L.
name: Allen, Ann N.
name: Calambokidis, John
name: Casey, Caroline
name: DeRuiter, Stacy L.
name: Fregosi, Selene
name: Friedlaender, Ari S.
name: Goldbogen, Jeremy A.
name: Harris, Catriona M.
name: Hazen, Elliott L.
name: Popov, Valentin
name: Stimpert, Alison K.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310901
subject: Animal behaviour

description: The effect of active sonars on marine mammal behaviour is a topic of considerable interest and scientific investigation. Some whales, including the largest species (blue whales, Balaenoptera musculus), can be impacted by mid-frequency (1–10 kHz) military sonars. Here we apply complementary experimental methods to provide the first experimentally controlled measurements of behavioural responses to military sonar and similar stimuli for a related endangered species, fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus). Analytical methods include: (i) Principal Component Analysis paired with Generalized Additive Mixed Models; (ii) Hidden Markov Models; and (iii) structured expert elicitation using response severity metrics. These approaches provide complementary perspectives on the nature of potential changes within and across individuals. Behavioural changes were detected in five of 15 whales during controlled exposure experiments using mid-frequency active sonar or pseudorandom noise of similar frequency, duration and source and received level. No changes were detected during six control (no noise) sequences. Overall responses were more limited in occurrence, severity and duration than in blue whales and were less dependent upon contextual aspects of exposure and more contingent upon exposure received level. Quantifying the factors influencing marine mammal responses to sonar is critical in assessing and mitigating future impacts.
A Comparison of Cerebral Spect Abnormalities in Hiv-Positive Homosexual Men with and without Cognitive Impairment
Creators: name: Sacktor, Ned
name: Van Heertum, Ronald L.
name: Dooneief, George
name: Gorman, Jack M.
name: Khandji, Alexander
name: Marder, Karen
name: Nour, Ramy
name: Todak, George
name: Stern, Yaakov
name: Mayeux, Richard Paul
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1995
Subjects: Neurology
HIV-positive persons
Gay men
Cognition
Single-photon emission computed tomography

description: Objective: To determine whether technetium Tc 99m exametazime (HMPAO) single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) can distinguish between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive homosexual men with normal neuropsychologic test results and HIV-positive homosexual men with abnormal neuropsychologic test results. Design: Neurologic, neuropsychologic, magnetic resonance imaging, and Tc 99m HMPAO SPECT examinations were performed on 10 HIV-positive homosexual men without cognitive impairment and five HIV-positive homosexual men with cognitive impairment. Patients: Human immunodeficiency virus—positive homosexual men from New York City were recruited for the study. Main Outcome Measures: Findings on SPECT scans were evaluated qualitatively for focal defects, heterogeneity of the cortical margin, white matter hypoperfusion, and decreased global cortical uptake. All SPECT focal defects were coregistered with magnetic resonance images; SPECT heterogeneity and global cortical uptake were also measured quantitatively. Results: Coregistration with magnetic resonance imaging revealed that 63% of the focal SPECT defects corresponded to brain gyri and 37% corresponded to sulci. There was no significant difference in the frequency of qualitative or quantitative SPECT abnormalities between HIV-positive homosexual men with and without cognitive impairment. However, after examining individual neuropsychologic test factors, impaired motor speed performance was associated with decreased quantitative global cerebral uptake. Conclusions: Qualitative SPECT abnormalities are not increased in frequency in HIV-positive homosexual men with global cognitive impairment compared with those in HIV-positive homosexual men without cognitive impairment. Impaired motor speed performance may be associated with decreased quantitative global cerebral uptake.
It’s about time : the significance of the centre block demolition for former residents of the Woodlands institution
Creators: name: Feduck, Meaghan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: The social history of people with intellectual disabilities, namely their confinement in large institutions for generations, is an emerging and troubling part of our Canadian historical landscape. Deinstitutionalization efforts currently underway involve acts of reckoning and constructing new approaches to including all people in civic and community life. The public witnessing of the Woodlands Centre Block demolition on October 18th, 2011 provided a site for which to take up these efforts through collaborative research. Using theoretical frameworks of memory studies, emancipatory disability research methodology and critical studies, the study engages former residents of Woodlands to construct an understanding of the significance of the event. By extension, the process of testifying to the event allowed for expressions of citizenship, collective memory, and active participation in driving the course of my findings in this research. Findings suggests that the former residents in this study actively participated in the processing of their past, the transmission of legacy, and the stewarding of the future in relation to their experiences at Woodlands. Participants strongly connected the Centre Block with a collective memory of abuse and mistreatment at the institution - memory that is in active emergence and negotiation. The building’s demolition provided both personal and political significance to former residents. Both the demolition and the study generated a discourse that evokes our social responsibility towards preventing abuse and ensuring everyone has a voice. These findings are consistent with current efforts to deinstitutionalize disability support systems in Canada, and suggest ongoing and inclusive ways to respond to past wrongs in this area.
Observational constraints of the gravitational waves in the Brans-Dicke theory: Einstein frame and Jordan-Brans-Dicke frame
Creators: name: Freitas, R. C.
name: Gonçalves, S. V. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the quantum origin of the primordial cosmological gravitational waves in the Brans-Dicke theory in the two conformally related frames, the Jordan-Brans-Dicke frame and the Einstein frame. We calculated the theoretical observable in both frames and we compared both with General Relativity. We compute the number of gravitons $N_k$ produced during inflation and the observables: power spectrum $P_T$, spectral index $n_T$ and energy density $Ω_k$. The comparison shows that for the case of the particles number $N_k$ the results are the same in both frames and in General Relativity when the Brans-Dicke parameter is much bigger than unity. For the spectral index $n_T$ we show that it is possible to get a scale invariant perturbation in the Jordan-Brans-Dicke frame when $ω\rightarrow\infty$ and in the Einstein frame when $ω\rightarrow\pm\infty$. In both frames, the results found for the power spectrum $P_T$ and the energy density $Ω$ show that the prefered values of $ω$ are diferente from that that are found in the local tests.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1102.0995
Diagnosis of Dementia in a Heterogeneous Population: A Comparison of Paradigm-Based Diagnosis and Physician's Diagnosis
Creators: name: Pittman, John
name: Andrews, Howard F.
name: Tatemichi, Thomas
name: Link, Bruce George
name: Struening, Elmer
name: Stern, Yaakov
name: Mayeux, Richard Paul
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1992
Subjects: Neurology
Diagnosis
Dementia

description: Each of 430 subjects received a diagnosis using two independent methods: a test-based quantitative paradigm and a semistructured neurological examination by a physician. The paradigm diagnosis was based on a battery of tests that assessed short- and long-term verbal memory and shortterm nonverbal memory, orientation, construction, abstract reasoning, and language. The subjects came from a community in Manhattan County, in New York City, and were characterized by diversity with respect to both ethnicity (29.1% black, 33.4% Hispanic) and educational level (23.5% with 6 or fewer years of education, 25.6% college educated). Based on the paradigm, 10.5% of subjects received diagnoses of dementia, 29.1% of cognitive impairment, and 60.5% of normal. Based on the physician's diagnosis, 9.8% were demented, 21.6% cognitively impaired, and 68.6% normal. There was agreement between the two diagnostic methods for 71.8% of subjects. Diagnostic disagreement (n=121) was in most cases between normal and cognitively impaired (71.0%) or between cognitively impaired and demented (21.5%). There were only nine cases (7.5%) in which a subject was judged demented by one method and normal by the other. The reliability of each method with respect to the other was moderate (intraclass correlation coefficient,.62), while the reliability of a composite diagnosis based on both methods was much higher (.77). The paradigm was more likely than the physician to give the diagnosis of dementia to patients with low educational levels. The physician's diagnosis was strongly influenced by measures of functioning and by the mental status test administered in the semistructured neurological examination. Race and diagnosis were not related when the effect of education was controlled. Strengths and potential weaknesses of each method of diagnosis, and the relationship between education and diagnosis, are discussed.
Critical-Current Reduction in Thin Superconducting Wires Due to Current Crowding
Creators: name: Hortensius, H. L.
name: Driessen, E. F. C.
name: Klapwijk, T. M.
name: Berggren, K. K.
name: Clem, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate experimentally that the critical current in superconducting NbTiN wires is dependent on their geometrical shape, due to current-crowding effects. Geometric patterns such as 90 degree corners and sudden expansions of wire width are shown to result in the reduction of critical currents. The results are relevant for single-photon detectors as well as parametric amplifiers.
Additional file 1 of MRI-based breast cancer radiogenomics using RNA profiling: association with subtypes in a single-center prospective study
Creators: name: Park, Ah Young
name: Han, Mi-Ryung
name: Seo, Bo Kyoung
name: Ju, Hye-Yeon
name: Son, Gil Soo
name: Lee, Hye Yoon
name: Chang, Young Woo
name: Choi, Jungyoon
name: Cho, Kyu Ran
name: Song, Sung Eun
name: Woo, Ok Hee
name: Park, Hyun Soo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. The MRI phenotypes of 95 breast cancers. A total of 62 qualitative and quantitative MRI phenotypes of 95 breast cancers are summarized. The quantitative texture parameters were dichotomized by the mean value for the 95 cancers..
Dependence as a Unifying Construct in Defining Alzheimer's Disease Severity
Creators: name: McLaughlin, Trent
name: Feldman, Howard
name: Fillit, Howard
name: Sano, Mary
name: Schmitt, Frederick
name: Aisen, Paul S.
name: Leibman, Christopher
name: Mucha, Lisa
name: Ryan, J. Michael
name: Sullivan, Sean D.
name: Spackman, D. Eldon
name: Neumann, Peter J.
name: Cohen, Joshua
name: Stern, Yaakov
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Dementia
Alzheimer's disease
Cognition
Alzheimer's disease--Patients--Care

description: This article reviews measures of Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression in relation to patient dependence and offers a unifying conceptual framework for dependence in AD. Clinicians typically characterize AD by symptomatic impairments in three domains: cognition, function, and behavior. From a patient's perspective, changes in these domains, individually and in concert, ultimately lead to increased dependence and loss of autonomy. Examples of dependence in AD range from a need for reminders (early AD) to requiring safety supervision and assistance with basic functions (late AD). Published literature has focused on the clinical domains as somewhat separate constructs and has given limited attention to the concept of patient dependence as a descriptor of AD progression. This article presents the concept of dependence on others for care needs as a potential method for translating the effect of changes in cognition, function, and behavior into a more holistic, transparent description of AD progression.
Comparing PC Cost And The Effect Of Businesses Size And Businesses Revenue
Creators: name: Reyes, Lualhati
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2002

description: This researches surveyed whether business size affects or is related to PC cost. Both the big business and the small business may have different cost volume and expenses relating to use of PC’s. This is a current topical problem because many businesses owners want to know about the cost of PC’s to help them understand the use of PC’s across the business. This researches looked to find the connections between the size of the businesses (small or large) and the cost of the PC’s. The researches survey the business in Zamboanga City and Davao City. The researches has found that the PC’s cost does increase with businesses revenue and size. We also make some remarks for helping other business and future researches.
An inequality for the distance between densities of free convolutions
Creators: name: Kargin, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper contributes to the study of the free additive convolution of probability measures. It shows that under some conditions, if measures $μ_i$ and $ν_i, i=1,2$, are close to each other in terms of the Lévy metric and if the free convolution $μ_1\boxplusμ_2$ is sufficiently smooth, then $ν_1\boxplusν_2$ is absolutely continuous, and the densities of measures $ν_1\boxplusν_2$ and $μ_1\boxplusμ_2$ are close to each other. In particular, convergence in distribution $μ_1^{(n)}\rightarrow μ_1,$ $μ_2^{(n)}\rightarrowμ_2$ implies that the density of $μ_1^{(n)}\boxplusμ_2^{(n)}$ is defined for all sufficiently large $n$ and converges to the density of $μ_1\boxplusμ_2$. Some applications are provided, including: (i) a new proof of the local version of the free central limit theorem, and (ii) new local limit theorems for sums of free projections, for sums of $\boxplus$-stable random variables and for eigenvalues of a sum of two $N$-by-$N$ random matrices.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/12-AOP756 the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
A kiégés vizsgálata a munkahelyi elégedettség, a szervezeti elkötelezettség és a motiváció függvényében orvosok körében
Creators: name: Vladár, Anita
Publisher: name: Debreceni Egyetem
Year: 2016

description: Különleges Bánásmód, vol. 2. issue 3. ISSN 2498-5368
Dual $π$-Rickart Modules
Creators: name: Ungor, Burcu
name: Kurtulmaz, Yosum
name: Halıcıoglu, Sait
name: Harmanci, Abdullah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13C99, 16D80, 16U80

description: Let $R$ be an arbitrary ring with identity and $M$ a right $R$-module with $S =$ End$_R(M)$. In this paper we introduce dual $π$-Rickart modules as a generalization of $π$-regular rings as well as that of dual Rickart modules. The module $M$ is called {\it dual $π$-Rickart} if for any $f\in S$, there exist $e^2=e\in S$ and a positive integer $n$ such that Im$f^n=eM$. We prove that some results of dual Rickart modules can be extended to dual $π$-Rickart modules for this general settings. We investigate relations between a dual $π$-Rickart module and its endomorphism ring.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1204.2343
The application of symmetry methods and conservation laws to ordinary differential equations and a linear wave equation
Creators: name: Hoskins, Jeremy G.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Symmetry analysis and conservation laws are widely used in analyzing and solving differential equations. Conservation laws are also called first integrals when dealing with ordinary differential equations (ODEs). In this thesis, the complementary nature of these two approaches is explored; specifically, the use of symmetries to find integrating factors and, conversely, the use of conservation laws to seek new symmetries. In Part 1, building upon results in [3] and [10], it is shown that a higher-order symmetries of an ODE induces a point symmetry of the corresponding integrating factor determining equations (IFDE), and an explicit expression for this induced symmetry is obtained. Secondly, it is shown that the converse also holds for a special class of Lie point symmetries of the IFDE; namely, all Lie point symmetries of the IFDE which are of this form project onto point symmetries of the original scalar ODE. In Part 2, the use of conservation laws to find non-local symmetries is shown for a linear one-dimensional wave equation in a two-layered medium with a smooth transition layer. The resulting analytic solutions are then studied in order to investigate the effect of the transmission and reflection of energy between the two media. It is found that the reflection and transmission coefficients depend on the ratio of the wave speeds in the two media as well as the ratio of the characteristic length of the incoming signal to the width of the transition layer. Approximations of the dependence of the reflection and transmission coefficients on these two parameters are also presented, obtained via numerical experiments performed using both the analytic solution and a finite element method.
Depressed Mood and the Incidence of Alzheimer's Disease in the Elderly Living in the Community
Creators: name: Devanand, Devangere P.
name: Sano, Mary
name: Tang, Mingxin
name: Taylor, Stuart
name: Gurland, Barry J.
name: Wilder, David
name: Stern, Yaakov
name: Mayeux, Richard Paul
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1996
Subjects: Psychiatry
Alzheimer's disease--Patients
Older people--Mental health
Depression, Mental
Neurology

description: BACKGROUND: It remains unclear whether depression increases the risk for dementia in the elderly. We evaluated the relationship between depressed mood at baseline and the incidence of dementia, particularly Alzheimer's disease, in the elderly living in the community. METHODS: A total of 1070 elderly individuals, aged 60 years or older, were identified as part of a registry for dementia in the Washington Heights community of North Manhattan, NY. In a prospective, longitudinal design with follow-up for 1 to 5 years, annual physician evaluation and neuropsychological testing were used to assess levels of cognitive impairment and to diagnose dementia. Depressive symptoms were evaluated with the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression. Based on clinical considerations and a validity study, a positive score for the depressed mood item was used in statistical analyses. To confirm the results, the total Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression score was also evaluated as the "depression" variable. RESULTS: Of the 1070 subjects, 218 met criteria for dementia at baseline evaluation. In the 852 subjects without dementia, depressed mood was more common in individuals with greater cognitive impairment. In a follow-up study of 478 of these subjects without dementia (mean +/- SD, 2.54 +/- 1.12 years of follow-up), the effect of baseline depressed mood on the end- point diagnosis of dementia (93% had possible or probable Alzheimer's disease) was evaluated in a Cox proportional hazards model. Depressed mood at baseline was associated with an increased risk of incident dementia (relative risk, 2.94; 95% confidence interval, 1.76 to 4.91; P .001). This effect remained after adjustment for age, gender, education, language of assessment, Blessed Memory Information and Concentration test scores, and Blessed Functional Activity Scale scores (relative risk, 2.05; 95% confidence interval, 1.16 to 3.62; P .02). Similar results were obtained when the total Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression score was used as the depression variable, with the use of the same covariates (relative risk, 1.07 per point interval; 95% confidence interval, 1.02 to 1.11; P .01). CONCLUSIONS: Depressed mood moderately increased the risk of developing dementia, primarily Alzheimer's disease. Whether depressed mood is a very early manifestation of Alzheimer's disease, or increases susceptibility through another mechanism, remains to be determined.
A myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate (MARCKS) inhibitor peptide attenuates neutrophil outside-in β2-integrin activation and signaling
Creators: name: Conley, Haleigh
name: Till, Rebecca L.
name: Berglund, Alix K.
name: Jones, Samuel L.
name: Sheats, M. Katie
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: MARCKS is an actin and PIP2-binding protein that plays an essential role in neutrophil migration and adhesion; however, the molecular details regarding MARCKS function in these processes remains unclear. Neutrophil adhesion and migration also require the cell surface receptors β2-integrins. We hypothesized that MARCKS inhibition would alter neutrophil β2-integrin activation and signaling. We utilized a MARCKS-targeting peptide to inhibit MARCKS in inside-out and outside-in β2-integrin activation in neutrophils. MANS-mediated MARCKS inhibition had no significant effect on inside-out β2-integrin activation. MANS treatment significantly attenuated ICAM-1/Mn2+-stimulated static adhesion, cell spreading and β2-integrin clustering, suggesting a role for MARCKS function in outside-in β2-integrin activation. Additional work is needed to better understand the molecular mechanisms of MARCKS role in outside-in β2-integrin activation and signaling.
Same-sign trileptons at the LHC: a window to lepton-number violating supersymmetry
Creators: name: Mukhopadhyay, Satyanarayan
name: Mukhopadhyaya, Biswarup
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed investigation to establish that lepton-number (L) violating supersymmetry (SUSY) can be effectively probed at the LHC in the practically background-free same-sign trilepton (SS3l) and same-sign four-lepton (SS4l) channels. With this in view, we extend our earlier analysis of SS3l and SS4l signals by considering situations based on minimal supergravity as well as a phenomenological SUSY model. We find that the R-parity violating scenario predicts large event rates, for both the 7 and 14 TeV runs. Furthermore, we show that it is extremely unlikely to ever achieve similar rates in R-parity conserving SUSY. In addition, we show how SS3l and SS4l, in conjunction with the mixed-sign trilepton and four-lepton channels, can be used to extract dynamical information about the underlying SUSY theory, namely, the Majorana character of the decaying lightest neutralino and the nature of L-violating couplings. We define suitable variables and relationships between them which can be verified experimentally and which are largely independent of the SUSY production cross-sections and the cascade decay branching fractions. These theoretical predictions are validated by Monte Carlo simulations including detector and background effects.
description: 22 pages, 1 figure, 14 tables; v2: background estimation corrected and improved, minor changes in text and figure, references added; v3: version as published in Physical Review D
Long-range quantum gates using dipolar crystals
Creators: name: Weimer, Hendrik
name: Yao, Norman Y.
name: Laumann, Chris R.
name: Lukin, Mikhail D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose the use of dipolar spin chains to enable long-range quantum logic between distant qubits. In our approach, an effective interaction between remote qubits is achieved by adiabatically following the ground state of the dipolar chain across the paramagnet to crystal phase transition. We demonstrate that the proposed quantum gate is particularly robust against disorder and derive scaling relations, showing that high-fidelity qubit coupling is possible in the presence of realistic imperfections. Possible experimental implementations in systems ranging from ultracold Rydberg atoms to arrays of Nitrogen-Vacancy defect centers in diamond are discussed.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Pair-Instability Supernovae via Collision Runaway in Young Dense Star Clusters
Creators: name: Pan, Tony
name: Loeb, Abraham
name: Kasen, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stars with helium cores between ~64 and 133 M_sun are theoretically predicted to die as pair-instability supernovae. This requires very massive progenitors, which are theoretically prohibited for Pop II/I stars within the Galactic stellar mass limit due to mass loss via line-driven winds. However, the runaway collision of stars in a dense, young star cluster could create a merged star with sufficient mass to end its life as a pair-instability supernova, even with enhanced mass loss at non-zero metallicity. We show that the predicted rate from this mechanism is consistent with the inferred volumetric rate of roughly ~2x10^-9 Mpc^-3 yr^-1 of the two observed pair-instability supernovae, SN 2007bi and PTF 10nmn, neither of which have metal-free host galaxies. Contrary to prior literature, only pair-instability supernovae at low redshifts z<2 will be observable with the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST). We estimate the telescope will observe ~10^2 such events per year that originate from the collisional runaway mergers in clusters.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. Accepted MNRAS, incorporates recommendations of the referee
Additional file 2 of MRI-based breast cancer radiogenomics using RNA profiling: association with subtypes in a single-center prospective study
Creators: name: Park, Ah Young
name: Han, Mi-Ryung
name: Seo, Bo Kyoung
name: Ju, Hye-Yeon
name: Son, Gil Soo
name: Lee, Hye Yoon
name: Chang, Young Woo
name: Choi, Jungyoon
name: Cho, Kyu Ran
name: Song, Sung Eun
name: Woo, Ok Hee
name: Park, Hyun Soo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Differentially expressed genes associated with breast cancer according to MRI phenotypes in histologic subgroups. There were 143 genes that were significantly upregulatedor downregulatedwith of P < 0.05 and Q < 0.1 according to the MRI phenotypes in subgroup analysis. Pseudogenes or unidentified genes were not included.
Depression, Intellectual Impairment and Parkinson's Disease
Creators: name: Mayeux, Richard Paul
name: Stern, Yaakov
name: Rosen, Jeffrey
name: Leventhal, Jean
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1981
Subjects: Neurology
Parkinson's disease
Depression, Mental
Cognition

description: To determine the prevalence of depression in Parkinson disease (PD) we evaluated 55 consecutive patients without dementia and 31 of their spouses. All subjects completed the Beck depression inventory and a quantitative mini-mental state examination. Using the Beck criteria, 47% of the patients and 12% of the spouses rated themselves as significantly depressed. Mental state scores were significantly lower in the patients. There was a correlation between the severity of depression and cognitive impairment, particularly for calculation, digit span, and visuomotor skills. The severity of parkinsonism, particularly bradykinesia, also paralleled cognition. There was a slight but significant relationship between parkinsonism and depression. These results confirm the high incidence of depression in PD, and suggest that depression in Parkinson patients may be accompanied by mild intellectual impairment and inattention which is independent of the severity of the illness.
MPEC 2023-H174 : 2023 HP4
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 HP4

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Underscreened Kondo effect in S=1 magnetic quantum dots: Exchange, anisotropy and temperature effects
Creators: name: Misiorny, Maciej
name: Weymann, Ireneusz
name: Barnaś, Józef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical analysis of the effects of uniaxial magnetic anisotropy and contact-induced exchange field on the underscreened Kondo effect in S=1 magnetic quantum dots coupled to ferromagnetic leads. First, by using the second-order perturbation theory we show that the coupling to spin-polarized electrode results in an effective exchange field $B_{\rm eff}$ and an effective magnetic anisotropy $D_{\rm eff}$. Second, we confirm these findings by using the numerical renormalization group method, which is employed to study the dependence of the quantum dot spectral functions, as well as quantum dot spin, on various parameters of the system. We show that the underscreened Kondo effect is generally suppressed due to the presence of effective exchange field and can be restored by tuning the anisotropy constant, when $|D_{\rm eff}| = |B_{\rm eff}|$. The Kondo effect can also be restored by sweeping an external magnetic field, and the restoration occurs twice in a single sweep. From the distance between the restored Kondo resonances one can extract the information about both the exchange field and the effective anisotropy. Finally, we calculate the temperature dependence of linear conductance for the parameters where the Kondo effect is restored and show that the restored Kondo resonances display a universal scaling of $S=1/2$ Kondo effect.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures (version as accepted for publication in Physical Review B)
Cumulative Risks of Developing Extrapyramidal Signs, Psychosis, or Myoclonus in the Course of Alzheimer's Disease
Creators: name: Chen, Jenn Y.
name: Stern, Yaakov
name: Sano, Mary
name: Mayeux, Richard Paul
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1991
Subjects: Neurology
Myoclonus
Psychosis
Alzheimer's disease--Patients

description: Cumulative risks of developing extrapyramidal signs, psychosis, and myoclonus in the course of Alzheimer's disease (AD) were estimated in 72 patients with probable AD by the Kaplan-Meier survival method. The cumulative risk functions were found to increase at different rates for different signs as AD progressed. Comparisons of the cumulative risk functions revealed that in the early stages of AD, extrapyramidal signs and psychosis were more likely to develop than myoclonus. As AD progressed, the risk of developing myoclonus became as great as that of developing the other two signs. This study suggests that extrapyramidal signs, psychosis, and myoclonus represent developmental features that mark the progression of AD, rather than indicators of disease subtypes. The estimated cumulative risk functions set a reasonable expectation for the timing and likelihood of the emergence of the clinical signs. This, in turn, might aid in disease prognosis because the biological bases of these signs have been established and they have been shown to be predictive of other markers of disease course.
Selective adhesion inhibition and hyaluronan envelope reduction of dermal tumor cells by cold plasma-activated medium
Creators: name: Golz, Anna-Christin
name: Bergemann, Claudia
name: Hildebrandt, Finja
name: Emmert, Steffen
name: Nebe, Barbara
name: Rebl, Henrike
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The sensitivity to cold plasma is specific to tumor cells while leaving normal tissue cells unaffected. This is the desired challenge in cancer therapy. Therefore, the focus of this work was a comparative study concerning the plasma sensitivity of dermal tumor cells (A-431) versus non-tumorigenic dermal cells (HaCaT) regarding their adhesion capacity. We found a selective inhibiting effect of plasma-activated medium on the adhesion of tumor cells while hardly affecting normal cells. We attributed this to a lower basal gene expression for the adhesion-relevant components CD44, hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2), HAS3, and the hyaluronidases in A431. Noteworthy, after plasma exposure, we revealed a significantly higher expression and synthesis of the hyaluronan envelope, the HAS3 gene, and the transmembrane adhesion receptors in non-tumorigenic HaCaTs.
Decomposition of semigroup algebras
Creators: name: Boehm, Janko
name: Eisenbud, David
name: Nitsche, Max Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13D45 (Primary) 13P99, 13H10 (Secondary)

description: Let A \subseteq B be cancellative abelian semigroups, and let R be an integral domain. We show that the semigroup ring R[B] can be decomposed, as an R[A]-module, into a direct sum of R[A]-submodules of the quotient ring of R[A]. In the case of a finite extension of positive affine semigroup rings we obtain an algorithm computing the decomposition. When R[A] is a polynomial ring over a field we explain how to compute many ring-theoretic properties of R[B] in terms of this decomposition. In particular we obtain a fast algorithm to compute the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of homogeneous semigroup rings. As an application we confirm the Eisenbud-Goto conjecture in a range of new cases. Our algorithms are implemented in the Macaulay2 package MonomialAlgebras.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures, minor revisions. Package may be downloaded at http://www.math.uni-sb.de/ag/schreyer/jb/Macaulay2/MonomialAlgebras/html/
Additional file 1 of Persistence to extended adjuvant endocrine therapy following Breast Cancer Index (BCI) testing in women with early-stage hormone receptor-positive (HR +) breast cancer
Creators: name: Foldi, Julia
name: Tsagianni, Anastasia
name: Salganik, Max
name: Schnabel, Catherine A.
name: Brufsky, Adam
name: van Londen, G. J.
name: Pusztai, Lajos
name: Sanft, Tara
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
classificationCode: 19999
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary table 1. Patient and tumor characteristics by patients’ decision to continue EET.