cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Does the Alfvén wave disrupt the large-scale magnetic cloud structure?
Creators: name: Raghav, Anil N.
name: Kule, Ankita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Alfvén waves are primal and pervasive in space plasmas and significantly contributes to microscale fluctuations in the solar wind and some heliospheric processes. Here, we demonstrate the first observable distinct feature of Alfvén wave while propagating from magnetic cloud to trailing solar wind. The Walén test is used to confirm their presence in selected regions. The amplitude ratio of inward to outward Alfvén waves is employed to establish their flow direction. The dominant inward flow is observed in magnetic cloud whereas trailing solar wind shows the dominant outward flow of Alfvén waves. The observed reduction in Walén slope and correlation coefficient within magnetic cloud suggest (i) the simultaneous presence of an inward & outward Alfvén waves and/or (ii) a possibility of magnetic reconnection and/or (iii) development of thermal anisotropy and/or (iv) dissipation of Alfvénic fluctuations. The study implies that either the Alfvén waves dissipate in the magnetic cloud or its presence can lead to disruption of the magnetic cloud structure.
Optical Conductivity in a Simple Model of Pseudogap State in Two-Dimensional System
Creators: name: Sadovskii, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present calculation of optical conductivity in a simple model of electronic spectrum of two-dimensional system with "hot patches" on the Fermi surface, leading to non Fermi-liquid renormalization of the spectral density (pseudogap) on these patches. It is shown that this model qualitatively reproduces basic anomalies of optical experiments in the pseudogap state of copper oxides.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, RevTeX 3.0, Postscript figures attached
$\boldsymbol{Ab\ initio}$ search of polymer crystals with high thermal conductivity
Creators: name: Utimula, Keishu
name: Ichibha, Tom
name: Maezono, Ryo
name: Hongo, Kenta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lattice thermal conductivities (LTC) for a subset of polymer crystals from the Polymer Genome Library were investigated to explore high LTC polymer systems. We employed a first-principles approach to evaluating phonon lifetimes within the third-order perturbation theory combined with density functional theory, and then solved the linearized Boltzmann transport equation with single-mode relaxation time approximated by the computed lifetime. Typical high LTC polymer systems, polyethylene (PE) crystal and fiber, were benchmarked, which is reasonably consistent with previous references, validating our approach. We then applied it to not only typical polymer crystals, but also some selected ones having structural similarities to PE. Among the latter crystals, we discovered that beta phase of Poly(vinylidenesurely fluoride) (PVF-$β$) crystal has higher LTC than PE at low temperature. Our detailed mode analysis revealed that the phonon lifetime of PVF-$β$ is more locally distributed around lower frequency modes and four-times larger than that of PE. It was also found from a simple data analysis that the LTC relatively correlates with curvature of energy-volume plot. The curvature would be used as a descriptor for further exploration of high LTC polymer crystals by means of a data-driven approach beyond human-based one.
Creation of Dark Solitons and Vortices in Bose-Einstein Condensates
Creators: name: Dum, R.
name: Cirac, J. I.
name: Lewenstein, M.
name: Zoller, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose and analyze a scheme to create dark solitons and vortices in Bose-Einstein condensates. This is achieved starting from a condensate in the internal state $|a>$ and transferring the atoms to the internal state $|b>$ via a Raman transition induced by laser light. By scanning adiabatically the Raman detuning, dark solitons and vortices are created.
description: 4 pages and 4 figures (eps files)
Intelligent Learning Rate Distribution to reduce Catastrophic Forgetting in Transformers
Creators: name: Kenneweg, Philip
name: Schulz, Alexander
name: Schröder, Sarah
name: Hammer, Barbara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Pretraining language models on large text corpora is a common practice in natural language processing. Fine-tuning of these models is then performed to achieve the best results on a variety of tasks. In this paper, we investigate the problem of catastrophic forgetting in transformer neural networks and question the common practice of fine-tuning with a flat learning rate for the entire network in this context. We perform a hyperparameter optimization process to find learning rate distributions that are better than a flat learning rate. We combine the learning rate distributions thus found and show that they generalize to better performance with respect to the problem of catastrophic forgetting. We validate these learning rate distributions with a variety of NLP benchmarks from the GLUE dataset.
A quantum chemistry study of the deoxidation of lignite during hydrothermal dewatering treatment
Creators: name: Zhu, Jiyun
name: Yu, Yujie
name: Huang, Rui
name: Chen, Xingle
name: Li, Yang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: To investigate the deoxidation mechanism of lignite under hydrothermal dewatering (HTD) condition, the removal mechanism of carboxyl and methoxy groups was calculated at the B3LYP-D3/6-311 G(d,p) level by using density functional theory. The feasibility of deoxidation was analyzed from the perspective of thermodynamics and kinetics, and the influences of hydrogen bond on the deoxidation process were analyzed. The results showed that the activation energy of decarboxylation was lower than that of demethoxide, indicating that the carboxyl group had high reactivity. Through the hydrogen bonding between the carboxyl group and water, the activation energy of indirect decarboxylation (lignite-C6H5-COOH→lignite-C6H6-COO→lignite-C6H6+ CO2) decreased by 10 kJ/mol, whereas the activation energy of direct decarboxylation increased by 8 kJ/mol. The activation energy of demethylation was reduced by 25 kJ/mol, and the change in activation energy of subsequent decarbonylation was similar to that of decarboxylation. The two-step elementary reaction benefitted the deoxidation reaction.
Additional file 3 of NITPicker: selecting time points for follow-up experiments
Creators: name: Ezer, Daphne
name: Keir, Joseph
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S3: Flowchart of algorithm for generating a probability densities of functions. This is the exact same procedure used by [13], but is included here for completeness. First, the curves are aligned in order to dissect and quantify the x-axis and y-axis shifts in the curves. Then, these x-axis and y-axis shifts are parameterised by their functional Principle Components, and this is used to generate curves that have similar x-axis and y-axis shifts to the original curves. (PDF 11 kb)
Bactrocera (Bactrocera) parafroggatti Drew and Romig 2001
Creators: name: Leblanc, Luc
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tephritidae
Bactrocera
Bactrocera parafroggatti

description: Bactrocera (Bactrocera) parafroggatti Drew and Romig, 2001
Figure 60
 Distribution. Solomon Islands (Choiseul, Kolombangara, New Georgia, Isabel, Florida, Guadalcanal, San Cristobal, Rennell and Bellona).
 Male lure. Methyl eugenol.
 Host plants. No known host.
description: Published as part of Leblanc, Luc, 2022, The dacine fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacini) of Oceania, pp. 1-167 in Insecta Mundi 2022 (948) on page 135, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7300862
01102021 Implementation Public Policy Model LYP.pdf
Creators: name: Prakoso, Lukman
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 160509 Public Administration
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 160599 Policy and Administration not elsewhere classified
subject: 160205 Police Administration, Procedures and Practice
subject: FOS: Law

description: Lukman Yudho Prakoso (2016) in his dissertation research on the PeLukman Yudho Prakoso (2016) in his dissertation research on the Performance Accountability System of Government Agencies, which states that policy implementation can be achieved properly if it meets the Integrative, Interactive, Transparency, Control and Accountable (IITCA) factors.rformance Accountability System of Government Agencies, which states that policy implementation can be achieved properly if it meets the Integrative, Interactive, Transparency, Control and Accountable (IITCA) factors.
Toxic effects of polystyrene nanoplastics on microalgae Chlorella vulgaris Changes in biomass, photosynthetic pigments and morphology
Creators: name: Hanachi, Parichehr
name: Khoshnamvand, Mehdi
name: Ashtiani, Saeed
name: R.Walker, Tony
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 100302 Bioprocessing, Bioproduction and Bioproducts
subject: FOS: Industrial biotechnology
subject: 60199 Biochemistry and Cell Biology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 100204 Environmental Biotechnology Diagnostics (incl. Biosensors)
subject: FOS: Environmental biotechnology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 60113 Synthetic Biology
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 100499 Medical Biotechnology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Medical biotechnology
subject: Biological Engineering
subject: 100703 Nanobiotechnology
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 60114 Systems Biology
subject: 60101 Analytical Biochemistry
subject: Structural Biology
subject: 111201 Cancer Cell Biology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69902 Global Change Biology
subject: Biophysics
subject: 90301 Biomaterials
subject: FOS: Medical engineering
subject: Molecular Biology

description: Abstract Presence of nanoplastics within aqueous media has raised concerns about their adverse impacts on aquatic organisms. This study evaluated toxic effects of amino-functionalized polystyrene nanoplastics (PS–NH2) with diameters of 90 (PS–NH2-90), 200 (PS–NH2-200) and 300 (PS– NH2-300) nm on green microalgae Chlorella vulgaris. A dose-dependent toxicity response by PS-NH2-90 and/or PS-NH2-200 on biomass and photosynthetic pigment (chlorophyll a) endpoints of C. vulgaris was observed. Whereas varied concentrations of PS-NH2-300 had no significant toxic effect on biomass and chlorophyll a end-points compared to control groups (p > 0.05). A comparison of toxicity of similar concentrations of PS-NH2-90, PS-NH2-200 and PS-NH2-300 showed small-sized PS-NH2 were more toxic than large-sized PS-NH2 (toxicity of PS-NH2 increased in the order PS-NH2-300 < PS-NH2-200 < PS-NH2-90). With decreasing PSNH2 size, greater morphological changes and loss of original shape were observed, so that algal density/size reduced, and cell aggregations increased. Since PS-NH2 have high affinity to C. vulgaris due to electrostatic interaction with polysaccharide wall of algae, this could be as the main reason for formation of large aggregates at high concentrations of PS-NH2 compared to low concentrations of PS-NH2 used in algae medium. At high concentrations, PS-NH2 may act as intermediaries for connection of algal cells and therefore formation of aggregates. Field emission scanning electron microscopy images confirmed that high amounts of PS-NH2-90 were found to be embedded and adsorbed on algal cells, thereby limiting transfer of materials, gas exchange and energy between the aqueous medium and algal cells. These data may have serious ecological health implications, as C. vulgaris are important primary producers responsible for producing oxygen in aquatic environments.
Phase matching of high harmonic generation in the soft and hard X-ray regions of the spectrum
Creators: name: Popmintchev, Tenio
name: Chen, Ming-Chang
name: Bahabad, Alon
name: Gerrity, Michael
name: Sidorenko, Pavel
name: Cohen, Oren
name: Christov, Ivan P.
name: Murnane, Margaret M.
name: Kapteyn, Henry C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how bright, fully coherent, hard x-ray beams can be generated through nonlinear upconversion of femtosecond laser light. By using longer-wavelength mid-infrared driving lasers of moderate peak intensity, full phase matching of the high harmonic generation process can extend, in theory, into the hard x-ray region of the spectrum. We identify the dominant phase matching mechanism for long wavelength driving lasers, and verify our predictions experimentally by demonstrating phase-matched up-conversion into the soft x-ray region of the spectrum around 330 eV using an extended, high-pressure, gas medium that is weakly ionized by the laser. Scaling of the overall conversion efficiency is surprisingly favorable as the wavelength of the driving laser is increased, making useful, fully coherent, multi-keV x-ray sources feasible. Finally, we show that the rapidly decreasing microscopic single-atom yield at longer driving wavelengths is compensated macroscopically by an increasing optimal pressure for phase matching and a rapidly decreasing reabsorption of the generated light at higher photon energies.
description: 43 pages, 8 figures, 1 table
Additional file 1 of Haplin power analysis: a software module for power and sample size calculations in genetic association analyses of family triads and unrelated controls
Creators: name: Gjerdevik, Miriam
name: Astanand Jugessur
name: ĂYstein A. Haaland
name: Romanowska, Julia
name: Lie, Rolv T.
name: Cordell, Heather J.
name: HĂĽkon Gjessing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: An asymptotic approximation of ÎŁ. (PDF 184 kb)
Entertainment chatbot for the digital inclusion of elderly people without abstraction capabilities
Creators: name: García-Méndez, Silvia
name: de Arriba-Pérez, Francisco
name: González-Castaño, Francisco J.
name: Regueiro-Janeiro, José A.
name: Gil-Castiñeira, Felipe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Current language processing technologies allow the creation of conversational chatbot platforms. Even though artificial intelligence is still too immature to support satisfactory user experience in many mass market domains, conversational interfaces have found their way into ad hoc applications such as call centres and online shopping assistants. However, they have not been applied so far to social inclusion of elderly people, who are particularly vulnerable to the digital divide. Many of them relieve their loneliness with traditional media such as TV and radio, which are known to create a feeling of companionship. In this paper we present the EBER chatbot, designed to reduce the digital gap for the elderly. EBER reads news in the background and adapts its responses to the user's mood. Its novelty lies in the concept of "intelligent radio", according to which, instead of simplifying a digital information system to make it accessible to the elderly, a traditional channel they find familiar -- background news -- is augmented with interactions via voice dialogues. We make it possible by combining Artificial Intelligence Modelling Language, automatic Natural Language Generation and Sentiment Analysis. The system allows accessing digital content of interest by combining words extracted from user answers to chatbot questions with keywords extracted from the news items. This approach permits defining metrics of the abstraction capabilities of the users depending on a spatial representation of the word space. To prove the suitability of the proposed solution we present results of real experiments conducted with elderly people that provided valuable insights. Our approach was considered satisfactory during the tests and improved the information search capabilities of the participants.
Decoherence: A dynamical approach to superselection rules?
Creators: name: Giulini, Domenico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that the dynamical mechanism of decoherence may cause apparent superselection rules, like that of molecular chirality. These `environment-induced' or `soft' superselection rules may be contrasted with `hard' superselection rules, like that of electric charge, whose existence is usually rigorously demonstrated by means of certain symmetry principles. We address the question of whether this distinction between `hard' and `soft' is well founded and argue that, despite first appearance, it might not be. For this we give a detailed and somewhat pedagogical exposition of the basic structural properties of the spaces of states and observables in order to establish a fairly precise notion of superselection rules. We then discuss two examples: the Bargmann superselection rule for overall mass in ordinary quantum mechanics, and the superselection rule for charge in quantum electrodynamics.
description: 25 pages, LaTeX-2e, no figures, Springer style file needed
Spectral shapes of solid neon
Creators: name: Pedrolli, Gaia
name: Cuccoli, Alessandro
name: Macchi, Alessandro
name: Tognetti, Valerio
name: Vaia, Ruggero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a Path Integral Monte Carlo calculation of the first three moments of the displacement-displacement correlation functions of solid neon at different temperatures for longitudinal and transverse phonon modes. The Lennard-Jones potential is considered. The relevance of the quantum effects on the frequency position of the peak and principally on the line-width of the spectral shape is clearly pointed out. The spectrum is reconstructed via a continued fraction expansion; the approximations introduced using the effective potential quantum molecular dynamics are discussed.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables
Bactrocera (Notodacus) paraxanthodes Drew and Hancock 1995
Creators: name: Leblanc, Luc
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tephritidae
Bactrocera
Bactrocera paraxanthodes

description: Bactrocera (Notodacus) paraxanthodes Drew and Hancock, 1995
Figure 61
 Distribution (Fig. 121). New Caledonia (mainland, Maré, Lifou).
 Male lure. Weakly attracted to methyl eugenol. Dihydroeugenol may prove to be a more potent attractant when tested on the Loyalty Islands, where B. paraxanthodes is most common. That lure attracted one specimen on the mainland (Royer et al. 2019a), and many specimens of B. neoxanthodes in Vanuatu (new lure record).
 Host plants. APOCYNACEAE: Vincetoxicum biglandulosum (dubious record?). ARALIACEAE: Meryta sp., Plerandra gabriellae.
 Notes. This species is a non-pest member species of the Bactrocera xanthodes complex (Drew et al. 1997). The Tylophora host record was doubted by Hancock and Drew (2017a).
description: Published as part of Leblanc, Luc, 2022, The dacine fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacini) of Oceania, pp. 1-167 in Insecta Mundi 2022 (948) on page 135, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7300862
Competitions in layered ruthenates: ferro- vs. antiferromagnetism and triplet vs. singlet pairing
Creators: name: Mazin, I. I.
name: Singh, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ru based perovskites demonstrate an amazing richness in their magnetic properties, including 3D and quasi-2D ferromagnetism, antiferromagnetism, and unconventional superconductivity. Tendency to ferromagnetism, stemming from the unusually large involvement of O in magnetism in ruthenates, leads to ferromagnetic spin fluctuations in Sr2RuO4 and eventually to p-wave superconductivity. A related compound Ca2RuO4 was measured to be antiferromagnetic, suggesting a possibility of antiferromagnetic fluctuations in Sr2RuO4 as well. Here we report first principles calculations that demonstrate that in both compounds the ferro- and antiferromagnetic fluctuations coexist, leading to an actual instability in Ca2RuO4 and to a close competition between p-wave and d-wave superconducting symmetries in Sr2RuO4. The antiferromagnetism in this system appears to be mostly related with the nesting, which is the strongest at Q=(2pi/3,2pi/3,0). Surprisingly, for the Fermiology of Sr2RuO4 the p-wave state wins over the d-wave one everywhere except in close vicinity of the antiferromagnetic instability. The most stable state within the d-wave channel has vanishing order parameter at one out of three Fermi surfaces in Sr2RuO4, while in the p channel its amplitude is comparable at all three of them.
description: 4 Revtex pages with 4 embedded postscript figure. Some figures are color, but should look OK in B&W as well
Detection of Temporality at Discourse Level on Financial News by Combining Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning
Creators: name: García-Méndez, Silvia
name: de Arriba-Pérez, Francisco
name: Barros-Vila, Ana
name: González-Castaño, Francisco J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Finance-related news such as Bloomberg News, CNN Business and Forbes are valuable sources of real data for market screening systems. In news, an expert shares opinions beyond plain technical analyses that include context such as political, sociological and cultural factors. In the same text, the expert often discusses the performance of different assets. Some key statements are mere descriptions of past events while others are predictions. Therefore, understanding the temporality of the key statements in a text is essential to separate context information from valuable predictions. We propose a novel system to detect the temporality of finance-related news at discourse level that combines Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning techniques, and exploits sophisticated features such as syntactic and semantic dependencies. More specifically, we seek to extract the dominant tenses of the main statements, which may be either explicit or implicit. We have tested our system on a labelled dataset of finance-related news annotated by researchers with knowledge in the field. Experimental results reveal a high detection precision compared to an alternative rule-based baseline approach. Ultimately, this research contributes to the state-of-the-art of market screening by identifying predictive knowledge for financial decision making.
Automatic detection of relevant information, predictions and forecasts in financial news through topic modelling with Latent Dirichlet Allocation
Creators: name: García-Méndez, Silvia
name: de Arriba-Pérez, Francisco
name: Barros-Vila, Ana
name: González-Castaño, Francisco J.
name: Costa-Montenegro, Enrique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Financial news items are unstructured sources of information that can be mined to extract knowledge for market screening applications. Manual extraction of relevant information from the continuous stream of finance-related news is cumbersome and beyond the skills of many investors, who, at most, can follow a few sources and authors. Accordingly, we focus on the analysis of financial news to identify relevant text and, within that text, forecasts and predictions. We propose a novel Natural Language Processing (NLP) system to assist investors in the detection of relevant financial events in unstructured textual sources by considering both relevance and temporality at the discursive level. Firstly, we segment the text to group together closely related text. Secondly, we apply co-reference resolution to discover internal dependencies within segments. Finally, we perform relevant topic modelling with Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) to separate relevant from less relevant text and then analyse the relevant text using a Machine Learning-oriented temporal approach to identify predictions and speculative statements. We created an experimental data set composed of 2,158 financial news items that were manually labelled by NLP researchers to evaluate our solution. The ROUGE-L values for the identification of relevant text and predictions/forecasts were 0.662 and 0.982, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first work to jointly consider relevance and temporality at the discursive level. It contributes to the transfer of human associative discourse capabilities to expert systems through the combination of multi-paragraph topic segmentation and co-reference resolution to separate author expression patterns, topic modelling with LDA to detect relevant text, and discursive temporality analysis to identify forecasts and predictions within this text.
Effect of soy milk consumption on quality of life in iranian postmenopausal women
Creators: name: Hanachi, Parichehr
name: Nourozi, Mansoreh
name: Haghollahi, Fedyeh
name: Ramezanzadeh, Fatemeh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 100302 Bioprocessing, Bioproduction and Bioproducts
subject: FOS: Industrial biotechnology
subject: 60199 Biochemistry and Cell Biology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 60113 Synthetic Biology
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 100499 Medical Biotechnology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Medical biotechnology
subject: 30401 Biologically Active Molecules
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 100703 Nanobiotechnology
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 60114 Systems Biology
subject: Structural Biology
subject: 111201 Cancer Cell Biology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 30499 Medicinal and Biomolecular Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 111602 Human Biophysics
subject: FOS: Basic medicine
subject: 100202 Biological Control
subject: FOS: Environmental biotechnology
subject: Biological Techniques
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: AbstractObjective: To find out whether or not soy milk as a phytoestrogen product can improve the quality of lifeof the Iranian postmenopausal women.Materials and methods: Participants of this randomized clinical trial were 57 healthy postmenopausalwomen. All eligible women were randomly divided into two groups of soy milk (SG) and control (CG).Individuals in the SG (n = 34) received 500 ml soy milk including genistein (28.86 mg/dl) and daidzein(8.25 mg/dl) per day, while the participants in the CG (n = 23) received 500 ml low fat cow milk per dayduring 8 months. Both groups also took daily calcium-D capsules (500 mg calcium and 200 IU D3). Thequality of life of all participants was examined twice (at the baseline and the end of the eighth month)using the menopause-specific quality of life (MENQOL) questionnaire.Results: A total of 57 healthy postmenopausal women with a mean age of 52.13 (3.05) years wereincluded in this study. Despite the significant but weak difference was observed between SG and CG inthe sexual domain score (the mean of percent change: 0.46% vs. 33.94%, respectively; p = 0.031),while significant relationship was found between the soy milk consumption and improvement in thedomains studied (vasomotor, psychosocial and physical).Conclusion: Overall our findings showed that soy milk does not improve the quality of life inpostmenopausal women. But to achieve more reliable results, it is recommended further study to be donewith a larger sample size, more prolonged, and with participants having severer vasomotor symptoms.
Detection Limits for Super-Hubble Suppression of Causal Fluctuations
Creators: name: Berera, Arjun
name: Heavens, Alan F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate to what extent future microwave background experiments might be able to detect a suppression of fluctuation power on large scales in flat and open universe models. Such suppression would arise if fluctuations are generated by causal processes, and a measurement of a small suppression scale would be problematic for inflation models, but consistent with many defect models. More speculatively, a measurement of a suppression scale of the order of the present Hubble radius could provide independent evidence for a fine-tuned inflation model leading to a low-density universe. We find that, depending on the primordial power spectrum, a suppression scale modestly larger than the visible Horizon can be detected, but that the detectability drops very rapidly with increasing scale. For models with two periods of inflation, there is essentially no possibility of detecting a causal suppression scale.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, revtex, In Press Physical Review D 2000
Additional file 2 of NITPicker: selecting time points for follow-up experiments
Creators: name: Ezer, Daphne
name: Keir, Joseph
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S2: Why a biologist might want to use the time point selection criteria used by NITPicker. The smooth black and red curves show the original high resolution time course data. The horizontal dotted lines indicate the time points that might be selected under the indicated method. (A) NITPicker selects points that describe the shape of the curve, rather than points that can be used to reconstruct the curve. It might be possible to infer the shape of the curve with fewer points than suggested by NITPicker (top), but you would not have direct observations as to the shape of the curve (unlike NITPickerâ bottom), so this relies on greater trust that the model will continue to hold under new experimental conditions. (B) Other methods find the best time points for the observed data, so they might overfit (top). In this case, NITPicker would observe that there is a lot of variability in the peak in the early time course and would pick more evenly spaced time points in this region for follow up experiments (bottom). (PDF 18 kb)
Cross-stream migration of a Brownian droplet in a polymer solution under Poiseuille flow
Creators: name: Howard, Michael P.
name: Truskett, Thomas M.
name: Nikoubashman, Arash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The migration of a Brownian fluid droplet in a parallel-plate microchannel was investigated using dissipative particle dynamics computer simulations. In a Newtonian solvent, the droplet migrated toward the channel walls due to inertial effects at the studied flow conditions, in agreement with theoretical predictions and recent simulations. However, the droplet focused onto the channel centerline when polymer chains were added to the solvent. Focusing was typically enhanced for longer polymers and higher polymer concentrations with a nontrivial flow-rate dependence due to droplet and polymer deformability. Brownian motion caused the droplet position to fluctuate with a distribution that primarily depended on the balance between inertial lift forces pushing the droplet outward and elastic forces from the polymers driving it inward. The droplet shape was controlled by the local shear rate, and so its average shape depended on the droplet distribution.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
Charge, lattice and magnetism across the valence crossover in EuIr$_2$Si$_2$ single crystals
Creators: name: Seiro, Silvia
name: Prots, Yurii
name: Kummer, Kurt
name: Rosner, Helge
name: Gil, Raúl Cardoso
name: Geibel, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed study of the temperature evolution of the crystal structure, specific heat, magnetic susceptibility and resistivity of single crystals of the paradigmatic valence-fluctuating compound EuIr$_2$Si$_2$. A comparison to stable-valent isostructural compounds EuCo$_2$Si$_2$ (with Eu$^{3+}$), and EuRh$_2$Si$_2$, (with Eu$^{2+}$) reveals an anomalously large thermal expansion indicative of the lattice softening associated to valence fluctuations. A marked broad peak at temperatures around 65-75 K is observed in specific heat, susceptibility and the derivative of resistivity, as thermal energy becomes large enough to excite Eu into a divalent state, which localizes one f electron and increases scattering of conduction electrons. In addition, the intermediate valence at low temperatures manifests in a moderately renormalized electron mass, with enhanced values of the Sommerfeld coefficient in the specific heat and a Fermi-liquid-like dependence of resistivity at low temperatures. The high residual magnetic susceptibility is mainly ascribed to a Van Vleck contribution. Although the intermediate/fluctuating valence duality is to some extent represented in the interconfiguration fluctuation model commonly used to analyze data on valence-fluctuating systems, we show that this model cannot describe the different physical properties of EuIr$_2$Si$_2$ with a single set of parameters.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Testing a model of variability of X-ray reprocessing features in Active Galactic Nuclei
Creators: name: Zycki, P. T.
name: Rozanska, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A number of recent results from X-ray observations of Active Galactic Nuclei involving the Fe K alpha line (reduction of line variability compared to the X-ray continuum variability, the X-ray ``Baldwin effect'') were attributed to a presence of a hot, ionized skin of an accretion disc, suppressing emission of the line. The ionized skin appears as a result of the thermal instability of X-ray irradiated plasma. We test this hypothesis by computing the Thomson thickness of the hot skin on top of the 'alpha P_tot' Shakura-Sunyaev disc, by simultaneously solving the vertical structure of both the hot skin and the disc. We then compute a number of relations between observable quantities, e.g. the hard X-ray flux, amplitude of the observed reprocessed component, relativistic smearing of the K alpha line, the r.m.s. variability of the hard X-rays. These relations can be compared to present and future observations. We point out that this mechanism is unlikely to explain the behaviour of the X-ray source in MCG-6-30-15, where there is a number of arguments against the existence of a thick hot skin, but it can work for some other Seyfert 1 galaxies.
description: 12 pages. MNRAS, accepted
Coulomb correlations and coherent charge tunneling in mesoscopic coupled rings
Creators: name: Canali, C. M.
name: Stephan, W.
name: Gorelik, L. Y.
name: Shekhter, R. I.
name: Jonson, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of a strong electron-electron (e-e) interaction in a system of two concentric one-dimensional rings with incommensurate areas A_1 and A_2, coupled by a tunnel amplitude. For noninteracting particles the magnetic moment (persistent current) m of the many-body ground state and first excited states is an irregular function of the external magnetic field. In contrast, we show that when strong e-e interactions are present the magnetic field dependence of m becomes periodic. In such a strongly correlated system disorder can only be caused by inter-ring charge fluctuations, controllable by a gate voltage. The oscillation period of m is proportional to 1/(A_1 + A_2) if fluctuations are suppressed. Coherent inter-ring tunneling doubles the period when charge fluctuations are allowed.
description: 4 pages, 4 eps figures
The Non-local Kardar-Parisi-Zhang Equation With Spatially Correlated Noise
Creators: name: Chattopadhyay, Amit Kr.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of spatially correlated noise on a phenomenological equation equivalent to a non-local version of the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation are studied via the dynamic renormalization group (DRG) techniques. The correlated noise coupled with the long ranged nature of interactions prove the existence of different phases in different regimes, giving rise to a range of roughness exponents defined by their corresponding critical dimensions. Finally self-consistent mode analysis is employed to compare the non-KPZ exponents obtained as a result of the long range -long range interactions with the DRG results.
description: Plain Latex, 10 pages, 2 figures in one ps file
Quasi Harmonic Lattice Dynamics and Molecular Dynamics calculations for the Lennard-Jones solids
Creators: name: Della Valle, Raffaele Guido
name: Venuti, Elisabetta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Molecular Dynamics (MD), Quasi Harmonic Lattice Dynamics (QHLD) and Energy Minimization (EM) calculations for the crystal structure of Ne, Ar, Kr and Xe as a function of pressure and temperature. New Lennard-Jones (LJ) parameters are obtained for Ne, Kr and Xe to reproduce the experimental pressure dependence of the density. We employ a simple method which combines results of QHLD and MD calculations to achieve densities in good agreement with experiment from 0 K to melting. Melting is discussed in connection with intrinsic instability of the solid as given by the QHLD approximation. (See http://www.fci.unibo.it/~valle for related papers)
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, REVtex
The 1932 Majorana equation: a forgotten but surprisingly modern particle theory
Creators: name: Nanni, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Standard Model is an up-to-date theory that best summarizes current knowledge in particle physics. Although some problems still remain open, it represents the leading model which all physicists refer to. One of the pillars which underpin the Standard Model is represented by the Lorentz invariance of the equations that form its backbone. These equations made it possible to predict the existence of particles and phenomena that experimental physics had not yet been able to detect. The first hint of formulating a fundamental theory of particles can be found in the 1932 Majorana equation, formulated when electrons and protons were the only known particles. Today we know that parts of the hypotheses set by Majorana were not correct, but his equation hid concepts that are found in the Standard Model. In this study, the Majorana equation is revisited and solved for free particles. The time-like, light-like and space-like solutions, represented by infinite-component wave functions, are discussed. Furthermore, by introducing subsidiary conditions on the mass term, it is possible to quantize both the fermionic and the bosonic towers, obtaining the mass spectrum of the entire family of charged leptons, baryons and mesons.
description: 22 pages
Two-qubit trace-norm geometric discord: the complete solution
Creators: name: Lugiewicz, Piotr
name: Frydryszak, Andrzej
name: Jakobczyk, Lech
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81P40, 51Kxx

description: We present the complete solution of the problem of determination of trace-norm geometric discord for arbitrary two-qubit state. Final answer is achieved due to effective reduction of the problem to the study of critical points of certain mapping depending on projectors. Our results are illustrated on various, also new, families of two-qubit states and compared to already known special solutions.
description: 21 pages, no figures
The evolution of emission lines in HII galaxies
Creators: name: Stasinska, Grazyna
name: Schaerer, Daniel
name: Leitherer, Claus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We constructed diagnostic diagrams using emission line ratios and equivalent widths observed in several samples of HII galaxies. The diagrams are compared to predictions from new photoionization models for evolving starbursts. We find that HII galaxies from objective-prism surveys are not reproduced by models of instantaneous starbursts surrounded by constant density, ionization bounded HII regions. The observed relations between emission line ratios and Hb equivalent width (W(Hb)) can be understood if older stellar populations are not negligible in HII galaxies. Also, different dust obscuration for stars and gas and leakage of Lyman continuum photons from the observed HII regions can be important. As a result, HII galaxies selected from objective-prism surveys are unlikely to contain many objects in which the most recent starburst is older than about 5~Myr. The observed increase of [OI]/Hb with decreasing W(Hb) can result from the dynamical effects of winds and supernovae. This interpretation provides also a natural explanation of the small range of ionization parameters in giant HII regions. The [OIII]/Hb vs [OII]/Hb diagnostic diagram cannot be fully understood in terms of pure photoionization models and indicate the need for additional heating sources. The [NII]/[OII] ratio is shown to increase as W(Hb) decreases. A possible explanation is an N/O increase due to gradual enrichment by winds from Wolf-Rayet stars on a time scale of 5 Myr. (abridged abstract)
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. LaTeX, 26 pages including figures. The photoionisation models are available at http://webast.ast.obs-mip.fr/people/schaerer/
Bactrocera (Bactrocera) peneobscura Drew and Romig 2001
Creators: name: Leblanc, Luc
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tephritidae
Bactrocera
Bactrocera peneobscura

description: Bactrocera (Bactrocera) peneobscura Drew and Romig, 2001
Figure 66
 Distribution. Vanuatu (Efate, Aneityum).
 Male lure. Cue-lure.
 Host plants. No known host.
description: Published as part of Leblanc, Luc, 2022, The dacine fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae: Dacini) of Oceania, pp. 1-167 in Insecta Mundi 2022 (948) on page 137, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7300862
Universal scaling in BCS superconductivity in two dimensions in non-s waves
Creators: name: Adhikari, Sadhan K.
name: Ghosh, Angsula
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The solutions of a renormalized BCS model are studied in two space dimensions in $s$, $p$ and $d$ waves for finite-range separable potentials. The gap parameter, the critical temperature $T_c$, the coherence length $ξ$ and the jump in specific heat at $T_c$ as a function of zero-temperature condensation energy exhibit universal scalings. In the weak-coupling limit, the present model yields a small $ξ$ and large $T_c$ appropriate to those for high-$T_c$ cuprates. The specific heat, penetration depth and thermal conductivity as a function of temperature show universal scaling in $p$ and $d$ waves.
description: 11 pages, LATEX, 4 postscript figures embedded using epsf