cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Generalized Kings and Single-Elimination Winners in Random Tournaments
Creators: name: Manurangsi, Pasin
name: Suksompong, Warut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Tournaments can be used to model a variety of practical scenarios including sports competitions and elections. A natural notion of strength of alternatives in a tournament is a generalized king: an alternative is said to be a $k$-king if it can reach every other alternative in the tournament via a directed path of length at most $k$. In this paper, we provide an almost complete characterization of the probability threshold such that all, a large number, or a small number of alternatives are $k$-kings with high probability in two random models. We show that, perhaps surprisingly, all changes in the threshold occur in the range of constant $k$, with the biggest change being between $k=2$ and $k=3$. In addition, we establish an asymptotically tight bound on the probability threshold for which all alternatives are likely able to win a single-elimination tournament under some bracket.
description: Appears in the 30th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI), 2021
Scalar-tensor mixed polarization search of gravitational waves
Creators: name: Takeda, Hiroki
name: Morisaki, Soichiro
name: Nishizawa, Atsushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An additional scalar degree of freedom for a gravitational wave is often predicted in theories of gravity beyond general relativity and can be used for a model-agnostic test of gravity. In this letter, we report the direct search for the scalar-tensor mixed polarization modes of gravitational waves from compact binaries in a strong regime of gravity by analyzing the data of GW170814 and GW170817, which are the merger events of binary black holes and binary neutron stars, respectively. Consequently, we obtain the constraints on the ratio of scalar-mode amplitude to tensor-mode amplitude: $\lesssim 0.20$ for GW170814 and $\lesssim 0.068$ for GW170817, which are the tightest constraints on the scalar amplitude in a strong regime of gravity before merger.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Acoustic passive cloaking using thin outer resonators
Creators: name: Chesnel, Lucas
name: Heleine, Jérémy
name: Nazarov, Sergei A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the propagation of acoustic waves in a 2D waveguide unbounded in one direction and containing a compact obstacle. The wavenumber is fixed so that only one mode can propagate. The goal of this work is to propose a method to cloak the obstacle. More precisely, we add to the geometry thin outer resonators of width $\varepsilon$ and we explain how to choose their positions as well as their lengths to get a transmission coefficient approximately equal to one as if there were no obstacle. In the process we also investigate several related problems. In particular, we explain how to get zero transmission and how to design phase shifters. The approach is based on asymptotic analysis in presence of thin resonators. An essential point is that we work around resonance lengths of the resonators. This allows us to obtain effects of order one with geometrical perturbations of width $\varepsilon$. Various numerical experiments illustrate the theory.
Improving qubit coherence using closed-loop feedback
Creators: name: Vepsäläinen, Antti
name: Winik, Roni
name: Karamlou, Amir H.
name: Braumüller, Jochen
name: Di Paolo, Agustin
name: Sung, Youngkyu
name: Kannan, Bharath
name: Kjaergaard, Morten
name: Kim, David K.
name: Melville, Alexander J.
name: Niedzielski, Bethany M.
name: Yoder, Jonilyn L.
name: Gustavsson, Simon
name: Oliver, William D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconducting qubits are a promising platform for building a larger-scale quantum processor capable of solving otherwise intractable problems. In order for the processor to reach practical viability, the gate errors need to be further suppressed and remain stable for extended periods of time. With recent advances in qubit control, both single- and two-qubit gate fidelities are now in many cases limited by the coherence times of the qubits. Here we experimentally employ closed-loop feedback to stabilize the frequency fluctuations of a superconducting transmon qubit, thereby increasing its coherence time by 26\% and reducing the single-qubit error rate from $(8.5 \pm 2.1)\times 10^{-4}$ to $(5.9 \pm 0.7)\times 10^{-4}$. Importantly, the resulting high-fidelity operation remains effective even away from the qubit flux-noise insensitive point, significantly increasing the frequency bandwidth over which the qubit can be operated with high fidelity. This approach is helpful in large qubit grids, where frequency crowding and parasitic interactions between the qubits limit their performance.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
Ward identities in the $\mathfrak{sl}_3$ Toda conformal field theory
Creators: name: Cerclé, Baptiste
name: Huang, Yichao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60D05, 81T40 (Primary) 17B68 (Secondary)

description: Toda conformal field theories are natural generalizations of Liouville conformal field theory that enjoy an enhanced level of symmetry. In Toda conformal field theories this higher-spin symmetry can be made explicit, thanks to a path integral formulation of the model based on a Lie algebra structure. The purpose of the present document is to explain how this higher level of symmetry can manifest itself within the rigorous probabilistic framework introduced by R. Rhodes, V. Vargas and the first author. One of its features is the existence of holomorphic currents that are introduced via a rigorous derivation of the Miura transformation. More precisely, we prove that the spin-three Ward identities, that encode higher-spin symmetry, hold in the $\mathfrak{sl}_3$ Toda conformal field theory; as an original input we provide explicit expressions for the descendent fields which were left unidentified in the physics literature. This representation of the descendent fields provides a new systematic method to find the degenerate fields of the $\mathfrak{sl}_3$ Toda (and Liouville) conformal field theory, which in turn implies that certain four-point correlation functions are solutions of an hypergeometric differential equation of the third order.
description: 51 pages. Presentation improved
title: Actualités du machiavélisme
Publisher: name: EHESS
Year: 2015

description: S’interroger sur l’actualité du machiavélisme, c’est affronter les questions que l’auteur du Prince et des Discorsi continue  de soulever mais aussi traiter des problèmes et des dangers que les  « machiavélismes » contemporains ne cessent de faire surgir au  XXIe siècle.
Black hole with confining electric potential in scalar-tensor description of regularized 4-dimensional Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Creators: name: Övgün, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we analytically present an exact confining charged black hole solution to the scalar-tensor description of regularized 4-dimensional Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity (4DEGBG) coupled to non-linear gauge theory containing $\sqrt{-F^{2}}$ term. Part of the importance of using a non-trivial $4D$ theory of Gauss-Bonnet gravity is that it is proven the absence of the Ostrogradsky instability was formulated in [D. Glavan and C. Lin, Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 081301 (2020)] and then regularized 4DEGBG theory was obtained in [Hennigar et al. JHEP 07, 027 (2020)] and [Fernandes et al. Phys. Rev. D 102, no.2, 024025 (2020)] as well as this theory gains many attention because of its important finding for black hole physics. We therefore also study some properties of this solution such as temperature, specific heat, shadow and quasinormal modes. Our results here show that a confining charge $f$ gives a significant contribution to the shadow of the black hole as well as quasinormal modes frequencies.
description: 11 pages. Typos in latex corrected. Accepted for publication in Physics Letters B
Scholarly Communication is People: Three crazy ideas for LIS to "own" open access
Creators: name: Vandegrift, Micah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Library and Information Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: This is the text and slides from a presentation given at the ACRL-NY 2014 Symposium on Open Access and the Academic Librarian. The info-scape around open access has evolved to include a broad range of ideas, skills and research practices. The academic librarian’s role is growing beyond being purely informational, and must include advocacy and participation in changing the system. In this talk, I propose that 1) the crux of scholarly communication is creating peer-partnerships with researchers and scholars, and that in order for the system to evolve, 2) all libraries need a scholarly communication initiative, and 3) all librarians should be invested in this challenging work. I close by offering three ideas for academic librarians to produce change within our own research practices.
IN03206 Alutnuvara Slab Inscription 2
Creators: name: Paranavitana, S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: IN03206
Epigraphia Zeylanica
Alutnuvara

description: IN03206 Alutnuvara Slab Inscription 2 - Transcript and Translation Source: Paranavitana, S. (1934–41). ‘No. 34. Alutnuvara Slab-Inscriptions,’ Epigraphia Zeylanica 4, pp. 261–270, II.
Direct Transport between Superconducting Subgap States in a Double Quantum Dot
Creators: name: Steffensen, Gorm Ole
name: Saldaña, Juan Carlos Estrada
name: Vekris, Alexandros
name: Krogstrup, Peter
name: Grove-Rasmussen, Kasper
name: Nygård, Jesper
name: Yeyati, Alfredo Levy
name: Paaske, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate direct transport between two opposing sets of Yu-Shiba-Rusinov (YSR) subgap states realized in a double quantum dot. This sub-gap transport relies on intrinsic quasiparticle relaxation, but the tunability of the device allows us to explore also an additional relaxation mechanism based on charge transferring Andreev reflections. The transition between these two relaxation regimes is identified in the experiment as a marked gate-induced stepwise change in conductance. We present a transport calculation, including YSR bound states and multiple Andreev reflections alongside with quasiparticle relaxation, due to a weak tunnel coupling to a nearby normal metal, and obtain excellent agreement with the data.
Real Torus Actions on Real Affine Algebraic Varieties
Creators: name: Gillard, Pierre-Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We extend the Altmann-Hausen presentation of normal affine algebraic C-varieties endowed with effective torus actions to the real setting. In particular, we focus on actions of quasi-split real tori, in which case we obtain a simpler presentation.
description: Mathematische Zeitschrift, Springer, 2022
Non-thermal escape of the Martian CO$_2$ atmosphere over time: constrained by Ar isotopes
Creators: name: Lichtenegger, H.
name: Dyadechkin, S.
name: Scherf, M.
name: Lammer, H.
name: Adam, R.
name: Kallio, E.
name: Amerstorfer, U. V.
name: Jarvinen, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ion escape of Mars' CO$_2$ atmosphere caused by its dissociation products C and O atoms is {simulated} from present time to $\sim 4.1$ billion years ago (Ga) by {numerical models of the upper atmosphere and its interaction with the solar wind}. The planetward-scattered pick-up ions are used for sputtering estimates of exospheric particles including $^{36}$Ar and $^{38}$Ar isotopes. Total ion escape, sputtering and photochemical escape rates are compared. For solar EUV fluxes $\geq$\,3 times that of today's Sun (earlier than $\sim 2.6$ Ga) ion escape becomes the dominant atmospheric non-thermal loss process until thermal escape takes over during the pre-Noachian eon (earlier than $\sim 4.0\,-\,4.1$ Ga). If we extrapolate the total escape of CO$_2$-related dissociation products back in time until $\sim$ 4.1 Ga we obtain a {maximum} theoretical equivalent to CO$_2$ partial pressure of more than {$\sim 0.4$ bar through non-thermal escape during quiet solar wind conditions}. {However, surface-atmosphere interaction and/or extreme solar events such as frequent CMEs could have increased this value even further. By including the surface as a sink, up to 0.9\,bar, or even up to 1.8\,bar in case of hidden carbonate reservoirs, could have been present at 4.1\,Ga} The fractionation of $^{36}$Ar/$^{38}$Ar isotopes through sputtering and volcanic outgassing from its initial chondritic value of 5.3, as measured in the 4.1 billion years old Mars meteorite ALH 84001, until the present day, however, can be reproduced for assumed CO$_2$ partial pressures of {$\sim0.01 -- 0.4$\,bar without, and $\sim0.4 -- 1.8$\,bar including surface sinks, and} depending on the cessation time of the Martian dynamo (assumed between 3.6\,--\,4.0 Ga) - if atmospheric sputtering of Ar started afterwards.
description: 63 pages (including 8 pages of supplement), 21 figures and 20 tables (including 12 figures and 15 tables in the supplement), resubmitted to Icarus
Referential JPY based on CPI (2013e)
Creators: name: J Perezgonzalez
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2014
Subjects: Economics

description: Referential JPY provides the inflator/deflator multiplier for standardizing referential Japanese yen (rJPY, r¥). It is based on the average annual CPI for Japan (Rate Inflation, 2013). (Also retrievable from WikiofScience.)
Quenching and the UVJ diagram in the SIMBA cosmological simulation
Creators: name: Akins, Hollis B.
name: Narayanan, Desika
name: Whitaker, Katherine E.
name: Davé, Romeel
name: Lower, Sidney
name: Bezanson, Rachel
name: Feldmann, Robert
name: Kriek, Mariska
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the past decade, rest-frame color-color diagrams have become popular tools for selecting quiescent galaxies at high redshift, breaking the color degeneracy between quiescent and dust-reddened star-forming galaxies. In this work, we study one such color-color selection tool -- the rest-frame $U-V$ vs. $V-J$ diagram -- by employing mock observations of cosmological galaxy formation simulations. In particular, we conduct numerical experiments assessing both trends in galaxy properties in UVJ space and the color-color evolution of massive galaxies as they quench at redshifts $z\sim 1$--$2$. We find that our models broadly reproduce the observed UVJ diagram at $z=1$--$2$, including (for the first time in a cosmological simulation) reproducing the population of extremely dust-reddened galaxies in the top right of the UVJ diagram. However, our models primarily populate this region with low-mass galaxies and do not produce as clear a bimodality between star-forming and quiescent galaxies as is seen in observations. The former issue is due to an excess of dust in low-mass galaxies and relatively gray attenuation curves in high-mass galaxies, while the latter is due to the overpopulation of the green valley in SIMBA. When investigating the time evolution of galaxies on the UVJ diagram, we find that the quenching pathway on the UVJ diagram is independent of the quenching timescale, and instead dependent primarily on the average specific star formation rate in the 1 Gyr prior to the onset of quenching. Our results support the interpretation of different quenching pathways as corresponding to the divergent evolution of post-starburst and green valley galaxies.
description: Accepted to ApJ
Baroque vs modern : the baroque oboe in a modern context
Creators: name: Wegener, Sarena
Publisher: name: Charles Darwin University
Year: 2010

description: The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the potential contributions that could be applied to a performance using a Baroque oboe playing Baroque repertoire in an ensemble of contemporary instruments. In order to achieve this I will research the history of the oboe family and performance practice of the Baroque period and compare the technical elements of performing on a modem oboe compared with the Baroque oboe. In order to establish the validity to my experiments, I will also interrogate the concept of an 'authentic' performance within the context of Historically Informed Performances. Then, via a CD recording, provide listening opportunities to compare the Baroque oboe with its modern counterpart when played in a contemporary setting.
Dark leptophilic scalar with the updated muon $g-2$ anomaly
Creators: name: Jia, Lian-Bao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The muon $g-2$ anomaly was strengthened by recent experimental results at Fermilab, which may be signatures of new physics. A scenario of leptophilic scalar $ϕ_L$ accounting for the muon $g-2$ anomaly is investigated in this paper. Though a light $ϕ_L$ mainly decaying into standard model (SM) particles has been excluded by experiments, a dark leptophilic scalar $ϕ_L$ predominantly decaying into invisible fermionic dark matter (DM) $χ\barχ$ is still allowed. Considering the decay mode $ϕ_L \to χ\barχ$ opened (here $m_{ϕ_L} = 3 m_χ$), the coupling preferred by the muon $g-2$ and the $ϕ_L-χ$ coupling are derived. The light/heavy $ϕ_L$ (roughly 1 GeV as a benchmark value) can be tested by future experiments via DM/SM decay modes, and $ϕ_L$'s contribution to the anomalous magnetic moment of tau lepton could be investigated at lepton colliders. The search of $χ$ via $χ-$electron scattering in DM direct detection is not sensitive due to a tiny $ϕ_L-$electron coupling, especially for $m_χ\gtrsim m_μ$.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, discussions added, version accepted by EPJC
$Z$-boson production via the weak process $e^+e^- \to μ^+μ^-$ in the presence of a circularly polarized laser field
Creators: name: Ouali, M.
name: Ouhammou, M.
name: Taj, S.
name: Manaut, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the centre of mass frame, we have studied theoretically the $Z$-boson resonant production in the presence of an intense laser field via the weak process $e^+e^- \to μ^+μ^-$. Dressing the incident particles by a Circularly Polarized laser field (CP-laser field), at the first step, shows that for a given laser field's parameters, the $Z$- boson cross section decreases by several orders of magnitude. We have compared the the Total Cross Section (TCS) obtained by using the scattering matrix method with that given by the Breit-Wigner approach in the presence of a CP-laser field and the results are found to be very consistent. This result indicates that Breit-Wigner formula is valid not only for the laser-free process but also in the presence of a CP-laser field. The dependence of the laser-assisted differential cross section on the Centre of Mass Energy (CME) for different scattering angles proves that it reaches its maximum for small and high scattering angles. At the next step and by dressing both incident and scattered particles, we have shown that the CP-laser field largely affects the TCS, especially when its strength reaches $10^{9}\,V.cm^{-1}$. This result confirms that obtained for the elastic electron-proton scattering in the presence of a CP-laser field [I. Dahiri et al., arXiv:2102.00722v1]. It is interpreted by the fact that heavy interacting particles require high laser field's intensity to affect the collision's cross section.
description: 26 pages, 8 figures
Kernel Learning for Robust Dynamic Mode Decomposition: Linear and Nonlinear Disambiguation Optimization (LANDO)
Creators: name: Baddoo, Peter J.
name: Herrmann, Benjamin
name: McKeon, Beverley J.
name: Brunton, Steven L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Research in modern data-driven dynamical systems is typically focused on the three key challenges of high dimensionality, unknown dynamics, and nonlinearity. The dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) has emerged as a cornerstone for modeling high-dimensional systems from data. However, the quality of the linear DMD model is known to be fragile with respect to strong nonlinearity, which contaminates the model estimate. In contrast, sparse identification of nonlinear dynamics (SINDy) learns fully nonlinear models, disambiguating the linear and nonlinear effects, but is restricted to low-dimensional systems. In this work, we present a kernel method that learns interpretable data-driven models for high-dimensional, nonlinear systems. Our method performs kernel regression on a sparse dictionary of samples that appreciably contribute to the underlying dynamics. We show that this kernel method efficiently handles high-dimensional data and is flexible enough to incorporate partial knowledge of system physics. It is possible to accurately recover the linear model contribution with this approach, disambiguating the effects of the implicitly defined nonlinear terms, resulting in a DMD-like model that is robust to strongly nonlinear dynamics. We demonstrate our approach on data from a wide range of nonlinear ordinary and partial differential equations that arise in the physical sciences. This framework can be used for many practical engineering tasks such as model order reduction, diagnostics, prediction, control, and discovery of governing laws.
description: 44 pages, 12 figures
Local normality of infravacua and relative normalizers for relativistic systems
Creators: name: Biadasiewicz, Bartosz
name: Dybalski, Wojciech
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the problem of local normality of Kraus-Polley-Reents infravacuum representations and provide a straightforward proof based on the Araki-Yamagami criterion. We apply this result to the theory of superselection sectors. Namely, we extend the novel formalism of second conjugate classes and relative normalizers to the local relativistic setting.
description: 13 pages
Expedient methodology for capturing anthropometric data of encumbered personnel utilising 3D scanning technology
Creators: name: Schwarz-Muller, Frank
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 120399 Design Practice and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)

description: While numerous anthropometric surveys have been conducted to capture anthropometric 3D data of lightly clad individuals (semi-nude) with whole-body scanners, there is a lack of data to characterise individuals encumbered by protective clothing and equipment. The collection of clothed anthropometric data in addition to the semi-nude data allows the relationship between the two to be determined. Adding the offset to the semi-nude database permits estimates of passenger space to be established and statistically valid digital human models of clothed user populations to be developed. The precise replication of postures during the scanning process is a prerequisite for determining the offset between semi-nude and clothed data. To this end, four generations of mechanical positioning aids for the standing and a positioning aid for the seated posture were developed. The overarching objective of the iterative design process was to restrain the individual without compromising data integrity. In two studies utilising a structured light scanner and two different laser scanners it was shown that in the standing posture head, shoulder, arms, hips and feet and in the seated posture head, elbows, arms, hips, knees and feet must be effectively restrained to reduce the mean absolute variability in longitudinal and lateral directions to ≤ 10 mm. Plexiglas tubes and wires below the resolution of the scanners were used as predominant design elements to ensure that they remain invisible on scans. This way, the prerequisite was created to evaluate space claim differences between semi-nude and clothed anthropometric data collected in a study from military personnel. Methodologies for the preparation of the clothed 3D data for analysis were presented, which included the precise alignment of scans as well as the reduction of the data to be analysed without compromising the validity of the results. Furthermore, 1D, 2D and 3D techniques were described for the space claim analysis. Finally, a case study showed, how the data collected in the PhD research and the methods developed for their analysis were applied for the validation of a clothed digital human model. Ultimately, the tools and methods presented in this thesis allow the provision of easy-to-use, clothed data for better workplace design.
A brief review on anti diabetic plants: Global distribution, active ingredients, extraction techniques and acting mechanisms
Creators: name: Chung-Hung Chan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Diseases
subject: Health Care
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A study has been conducted with the aim to provide researchers with general information on anti diabetic extracts based on relevant research articles collected from 34 reliable medical journals. The study showed that Asian and African continents have 56% and 17% share of the worldwide distribution of therapeutic herbal plants, respectively. In Asia, India and China are the leading countries in herbal plants research, and there has been an increase in medicinal research on plants extract for diabetes treatment since 1995 in these regions. The information collected shows that plant leaves are about 20% more favorable for storing active ingredients, as compared to other parts of herbal plants. A brief review on the extraction techniques for the mentioned parts is also included. Furthermore, the acting mechanisms for the anti diabetic activity were described, and the related active ingredients were identified. The findings reveal that most of the anti diabetic research is focused on the alteration of glucose metabolism to prevent diabetes.
Fano-type effect in hydrogen-terminated pure nanodiamond
Creators: name: Kudryavtsev, O. S.
name: Bagramov, R. H.
name: Satanin, A. M.
name: Shiryaev, A. A.
name: Lebedev, O. I.
name: Romshin, A. M.
name: Pasternak, D. G.
name: Nikolaev, A. V.
name: Filonenko, V. P.
name: Vlasov, I. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two novel properties, unique for semiconductors: a negative electron affinity [1-2], and a high p-type surface electrical conductivity [3-4], were discovered in diamond at the end of the last century. Both properties appear when the diamond surface is hydrogenated. A natural question arises: is the influence of the surface hydrogen on diamond limited only to the electrical properties? Here, we report the first observation of a transparency peak at 1328 cm-1 in IR absorption of hydrogen-terminated pure (undoped) nanodiamonds. This new optical property is ascribed to Fano-type destructive interference between zone-center phonons and free carriers (holes) appearing in the near-surface layer of hydrogenated nanodiamond. Our work opens the way to exploring the physics of electron-phonon coupling in undoped diamonds and promises the application of the H-terminated nanodiamonds as a new optical material with an induced transparency in IR optical range.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
Lorentz violating inflation and the Swampland
Creators: name: Trivedi, Oem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The swampland conjectures from String theory have had very interesting implications for cosmology and particularly for Inflation. It has been shown that the single field inflationary models in a GR based cosmology are in unavoidable tensions with these conjectures, while these single field models can still be consistent in certain non-trivial inflationary regimes. So it becomes interesting to see whether there is a way to overcome the issues of the swampland and single field inflation in an essentially GR based cosmology. We show that this can indeed be the case and for this, we consider a certain type of Lorentz violating inflationary scenario. We work out the swampland bounds for Lorentz violating inflationary models after which show that inflationary models which would have had otherwise serious tensions with these conjectures in a usual GR based scenario, can be very tranquil with the criterion in this regime. For this we take examples of Higgs inflation, radion gauge inflation and Spontaenous symmetry breaking inflation and show that the bounds imposed by the swampland on the Lorentz violating parameter can be easily satisfied in these models.
description: v4, matches the published version in EPJP
A novel Cosmic Filament catalogue from SDSS data
Creators: name: Duque, Javier Carrón
name: Migliaccio, Marina
name: Marinucci, Domenico
name: Vittorio, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we present a new catalogue of Cosmic Filaments obtained from the latest Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) public data. In order to detect filaments, we implement a version of the Subspace-Constrained Mean-Shift algorithm, boosted by Machine Learning techniques. This allows us to detect cosmic filaments as one-dimensional maxima in the galaxy density distribution. Our filament catalogue uses the cosmological sample of SDSS, including Data Release 16, so it inherits its sky footprint (aside from small border effects) and redshift coverage. In particular, this means that, taking advantage of the quasar sample, our filament reconstruction covers redshifts up to $z=2.2$, making it one of the deepest filament reconstructions to our knowledge. We follow a tomographic approach and slice the galaxy data in 269 shells at different redshift. The reconstruction algorithm is applied to 2D spherical maps. The catalogue provides the position and uncertainty of each detection for each redshift slice. We assess the quality of the detections with several metrics, which show improvement with respect to previous public catalogues obtained with similar methods. We also detect a highly significant correlation between our filament catalogue and galaxy cluster catalogues built from microwave observations of the Planck Satellite and the Atacama Cosmology Telescope.
description: 23 pages, 20 figures, version accepted for publication in A&A
XR4Human D8.2: Branding
Creators: name: Quevillard, Maëlle
name: Harriet, Bartlett
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: ABSTRACT

A project's communication and dissemination breadth, as well as impact are highly dependent on the quality of dissemination and communication tools and channels. A prerequisite for XR4HUMAN to achieve a successful conclusion are its products, i.e. reports, platforms, applications, etc, to be made visible in the best possible way. This is highly dependent on the types of relevant products to XR4HUMAN stakeholders. As a result, there is not one-size-fits-all strategy for appropriate dissemination and  communication. This is why D8.2 cannot be understood in isolation from D8.1 or D1.1. This deliverable presents the branding of XR4HUMAN that aims at creating a distinct identity of the project's communication and dissemination channels, i.e., social media, website, and presentationtemplates. The main elements of the branding are the logo and the aesthetics that provide a uniform and aesthetically appealing look.
The effective Dirac algebra by gauge field interaction in relativistic electrodynamics
Creators: name: Wong, B. T. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Conventional relativistic electrodynamics is set on flat Minkowski spacetime, where all computable quantities are calculated from the flat metric $η_{μν}$. We can redefine the metric of spacetime from the Dirac algebra. In this paper, we study how an electrodynamic interaction can alter the normal gamma matrix to an effective one and result in a shift in the metric perturbatively. The curvature properties inferred from the curved metric are also investigated. We also study how the spin operator is changed under the interaction that contribute to an effective spin operator and how the spin of an electron will be slightly deviated from $1/2$. Then we perform canonical quantization of the effective Dirac algebra. Finally we apply our results to the relativistic hydrogen case and demonstrate how such system curves the spacetime metric.
description: 21 pages, 0 figure
Early ovariectomy unmasking the non-somatic origin of murine anti-A reactive IgM
Creators: name: Arend, Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: Medicine
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Zoology
subject: 60114 Systems Biology
subject: Structural Biology
subject: Stem Cells
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics

description: The germline encoding of a non-immune IgM molecule in mammals was experimentally documented for the first time by specifically timed ovariectomy of C57BL/10 mice, and the target of this innate antibody is a trans-species developmental antigen, which when expressed in any non-developmental tissue signifies malignancy. Although ovariectomy and castrations have been de­scribed to result in uncontrolled and/or enhanced humoral and cellular immunity, involving increasing weights of spleen and thymus with pronounced B and T cell productions, the development of the mercaptoethanol-sensitive and complement-binding, non-immune anti-A reactivity in murine plasma was not enhanced after ovariectomy performed in C57BL/10 mice before the onset of puberty. This non-immune murine anti-A, which is complementary to trans-species, syngeneic ovarian GalNAc-glycan-bearing glycolipids and distinct from cross-reactive adaptive anti-A antibody, was strongly retarded or did not ap­pear at all in plasmas of animals ovariectomized at the age of 20 days. Thus, contrary to our previous view, this reactivity is unlikely to originate from a somatic, primary immune or autoimmune response. All murine tissues expressed the species-typical Forssman reactivity and further A-like structures were, by reaction with innate human anti-A antibody, identified in male and female reproductive and endodermal organs, while the murine anti-A was exclusively inhibited by syngeneic ovarian glycolipids. Moreover, the early ovarian tissue, which represents a last evolutionary and/or developmental location, showed a developmental polymorphism characterized by DBL and HPA reactivity indicating the functional involvement of O-GalNAc-determined mucin-type A-like Tn and TF epitopes that, when expressed by non-developmental tissues, signify malignancy.
Design and production of the high voltage electrode grids and electron extraction region for the LZ dual-phase xenon time projection chamber
Creators: name: Linehan, R.
name: Mannino, R. L.
name: Fan, A.
name: Ignarra, C. M.
name: Luitz, S.
name: Skarpaas, K.
name: Shutt, T. A.
name: Akerib, D. S.
name: Alsum, S. K.
name: Anderson, T. J.
name: Araújo, H. M.
name: Arthurs, M.
name: Auyeung, H.
name: Bailey, A. J.
name: Biesiadzinski, T. P.
name: Breidenbach, M.
name: Cherwinka, J. J.
name: Conley, R. A.
name: Genovesi, J.
name: Gilchriese, M. G. D.
name: Glaenzer, A.
name: Gonda, T. G.
name: Hanzel, K.
name: Hoff, M. D.
name: Ji, W.
name: Kaboth, A. C.
name: Kravitz, S.
name: Kurita, N. R.
name: Lambert, A. R.
name: Lesko, K. T.
name: Lorenzon, W.
name: Majewski, P. A.
name: Miller, E. H.
name: Monzani, M. E.
name: Palladino, K. J.
name: Ratcliff, B. N.
name: Saba, J. S.
name: Santone, D.
name: Shutt, G. W.
name: Stifter, K.
name: Szydagis, M.
name: Tomás, A.
name: Va'vra, J.
name: Waldron, W. L.
name: Webb, R. C.
name: White, R. G.
name: Whitis, T. J.
name: Wilson, K.
name: Wisniewski, W. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dual-phase xenon time projection chamber (TPC) is a powerful tool for direct-detection experiments searching for WIMP dark matter, other dark matter models, and neutrinoless double-beta decay. Successful operation of such a TPC is critically dependent on the ability to hold high electric fields in the bulk liquid, across the liquid surface, and in the gas. Careful design and construction of the electrodes used to establish these fields is therefore required. We present the design and production of the LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment's high-voltage electrodes, a set of four woven mesh wire grids. Grid design drivers are discussed, with emphasis placed on design of the electron extraction region. We follow this with a description of the grid production process and a discussion of steps taken to validate the LZ grids prior to integration into the TPC.
description: 23 pages, 20 figures, to be submitted to Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. Corresponding authors: rlinehan@stanford.edu and mannino2@wisc.edu
Minimal $(D,D)$ conformal matter and generalizations of the van Diejen model
Creators: name: Nazzal, Belal
name: Nedelin, Anton
name: Razamat, Shlomo S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider supersymmetric surface defects in compactifications of the $6d$ minimal $(D_{N+3},D_{N+3})$ conformal matter theories on a punctured Riemann surface. For the case of $N=1$ such defects are introduced into the supersymmetric index computations by an action of the $BC_1\,(\sim A_1\sim C_1)$ van Diejen model. We (re)derive this fact using three different field theoretic descriptions of the four dimensional models. The three field theoretic descriptions are naturally associated with algebras $A_{N=1}$, $C_{N=1}$, and $(A_1)^{N=1}$. The indices of these $4d$ theories give rise to three different Kernel functions for the $BC_1$ van Diejen model. We then consider the generalizations with $N>1$. The operators introducing defects into the index computations are certain $A_{N}$, $C_N$, and $(A_1)^{N}$ generalizations of the van Diejen model. The three different generalizations are directly related to three different effective gauge theory descriptions one can obtain by compactifying the minimal $(D_{N+3},D_{N+3})$ conformal matter theories on a circle to five dimensions. We explicitly compute the operators for the $A_N$ case, and derive various properties these operators have to satisfy as a consequence of $4d$ dualities following from the geometric setup. In some cases we are able to verify these properties which in turn serve as checks of said dualities. As a by-product of our constructions we also discuss a simple Lagrangian description of a theory corresponding to compactification on a sphere with three maximal punctures of the minimal $(D_5,D_5)$ conformal matter and as consequence give explicit Lagrangian constructions of compactifications of this 6d SCFT on arbitrary Riemann surfaces.
description: 42 pages + Appendices, 23 Figures, minor typos corrected
A new probe of the high-redshift Universe: nulling CMB lensing with interloper-free "LIM-pair" lensing
Creators: name: Maniyar, Abhishek S.
name: Schaan, Emmanuel
name: Pullen, Anthony R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intermediate redshifts between galaxy surveys and the cosmic microwave background (CMB) remain unexplored territory. Line intensity mapping (LIM) offers a way to probe the $z\gtrsim 1$ Universe, including the epoch of reionization and the dark ages. Via exact nulling of the lensing kernel, we show that LIM lensing, in combination with galaxy (resp., CMB) lensing, can uniquely probe the $z\gtrsim 1$ (resp., pre-reionization) Universe. However, LIM foregrounds are a key hurdle to this futuristic technique. While continuum foregrounds can be controlled by discarding modes perpendicular to the line of sight (low $k_\parallel$ modes), interloper foregrounds haven't been addressed in the context of LIM lensing. In this paper, we quantify the interloper bias to LIM lensing for the first time, and derive a ''LIM-pair'' estimator which avoids it exactly after cross-correlating with CMB lensing. This new quadratic lensing estimator works by combining two intensity maps in different lines, from the same redshift, whose interlopers are uncorrelated. As a result, this foreground avoidance method is robust to even large changes in the amplitude of the interloper power and non-Gaussianity. The cross-spectrum of the LIM-pair estimator with CMB lensing is thus robust to the currently large theoretical uncertainties in LIM modeling at high redshift.
description: Submitted to PRL, comments welcome
$T\bar{T}+Λ_2$ Deformed CFT on the Stretched dS$_3$ Horizon
Creators: name: Shyam, Vasudev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $T\bar{T}+Λ_2$ deformation of a Holographic CFT on a cylinder (or torus in Euclidean signature) inhabits the stretched cosmological horizon in dS$_3$ when the deformation parameter is tuned to a particular value. I will describe how this insight allows us to compute the entropy of the stretched cosmic horizon including the logarithmic correction.
description: 17 pages, one appendix, no figures. Some typos and factor errors fixed in v2. Introduction expanded in v3
A brief review on anti diabetic plants: Global distribution, active ingredients, extraction techniques and acting mechanisms
Creators: name: Chung-Hung Chan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Diseases
subject: Health Care
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A study has been conducted with the aim to provide researchers with general information on anti diabetic extracts based on
relevant research articles collected from 34 reliable medical journals. The study showed that Asian and African continents
have 56% and 17% share of the worldwide distribution of therapeutic herbal plants, respectively. In Asia, India and China
are the leading countries in herbal plants research, and there has been an increase in medicinal research on plants extract
for diabetes treatment since 1995 in these regions. The information collected shows that plant leaves are about 20%
more favorable for storing active ingredients, as compared to other parts of herbal plants. A brief review on the extraction
techniques for the mentioned parts is also included. Furthermore, the acting mechanisms for the anti diabetic activity were
described, and the related active ingredients were identified. The findings reveal that most of the anti diabetic research is
focused on the alteration of glucose metabolism to prevent diabetes.
Exoskeleton-Based Multimodal Action and Movement Recognition: Identifying and Developing the Optimal Boosted Learning Approach
Creators: name: Thakur, Nirmalya
name: Han, Chia Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper makes two scientific contributions to the field of exoskeleton-based action and movement recognition. First, it presents a novel machine learning and pattern recognition-based framework that can detect a wide range of actions and movements - walking, walking upstairs, walking downstairs, sitting, standing, lying, stand to sit, sit to stand, sit to lie, lie to sit, stand to lie, and lie to stand, with an overall accuracy of 82.63%. Second, it presents a comprehensive comparative study of different learning approaches - Random Forest, Artificial Neural Network, Decision Tree, Multiway Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine, k-NN, Gradient Boosted Trees, Decision Stump, AutoMLP, Linear Regression, Vector Linear Regression, Random Tree, Naïve Bayes, Naïve Bayes (Kernel), Linear Discriminant Analysis, Quadratic Discriminant Analysis, and Deep Learning applied to this framework. The performance of each of these learning approaches was boosted by using the AdaBoost algorithm, and the Cross Validation approach was used for training and testing. The results show that in boosted form, the k-NN classifier outperforms all the other boosted learning approaches and is, therefore, the optimal learning method for this purpose. The results presented and discussed uphold the importance of this work to contribute towards augmenting the abilities of exoskeleton-based assisted and independent living of the elderly in the future of Internet of Things-based living environments, such as Smart Homes. As a specific use case, we also discuss how the findings of our work are relevant for augmenting the capabilities of the Hybrid Assistive Limb exoskeleton, a highly functional lower limb exoskeleton.