cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A study of factors influencing student performance in mathematics on the Florida College Level Academic Skills Test (CLAST)
Creators: name: Taylor, Ann Dismuke
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education
classificationCode: 3901
subject: Curriculum and pedagogy

description: The purpose of this study was to identify factors which affect the performance of students on the computation/mathematics subtest of the Florida College-Level Academic Skills Test. Subjects in the study were 385 students at two private Florida colleges, who were Florida residents and had taken the CLAST between fall 1985 and spring 1987. Data collected on the students included: information on high school and college mathematical backgrounds; racial composition of high school from which they graduated; high school class rank; SAT/ACT math scores; college GPAs in mathematics and overall; race, sex, and age; CLAST mathematics subtest scores. Multiple regression analysis was used with the CLAST score as the dependent variable. Overall, the results of the study indicated that performance on the mathematics subtest of the CLAST is determined to a great extent by factors determined before the student has entered college: racial composition of high school, and SAT scores. In addition, the overall college GPA had a significant influence. The number of remedial math courses taken in college was found to affect the CLAST score significantly, but in a negative fashion. Conclusions from the study were: (1) the predictability value of the SAT score should not be ignored if students are expected to exhibit competency based on standardized test scores after college entrance; (2) the content of remedial mathematics course taken in college should be carefully examined to determine relevance to competencies expected to be achieved before taking the CLAST; (3) articulation programs between colleges and high schools should be established in order to overcome low-level math course tracking and low teacher and student expectations of black students in predominantly white schools.
Stochastic epigenetic dynamics of gene switching
Creators: name: Bhattacharyya, Bhaswati
name: Wang, Jin
name: Sasai, Masaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Epigenetic modifications of histones crucially affect the eukaryotic gene activity, while the epigenetic histone state is largely determined by the binding of specific factors such as the transcription factors (TFs) to DNA. Here, the way how the TFs and the histone state are dynamically correlated is not obvious when the TF synthesis is regulated by the histone state. This type of feedback regulatory relations are ubiquitous in gene networks to determine cell fate in differentiation and other cell transformations. To gain insights into such dynamical feedback regulations, we theoretically analyze a model of epigenetic gene switching by extending the Doi-Peliti operator formalism of reaction kinetics to the problem of coupled molecular processes. The spin-1 and spin-1/2 coherent state representations are introduced to describe stochastic reactions of histones and binding/unbinding of TF in a unified way, which provides a concise view of the effects of timescale difference among these molecular processes; even in the case that binding/unbinding of TF to/from DNA are adiabatically fast, the slow nonadiabatic histone dynamics give rise to a distinct circular flow of the probability flux around basins in the landscape of the gene state distribution, which leads to hysteresis in gene switching. In contrast to the general belief that the change in the amount of TF precedes the histone state change, the flux drives histones to be modified prior to the change in the amount of TF in the self-regulating circuits. The flux-landscape analyses shed light on the nonlinear nonadiabatic mechanism of epigenetic cell fate decision making.
Family, ethnicity, and power: Chinese Cambodian refugees in the Washington metropolitan area
Creators: name: Hackett, Beatrice Nied
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4401
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: An important urban minority in Cambodia, ethnic Chinese suffered greatly under Pol Pot's regime after the 1975 Khmer Rouge victory. Emphasis on a "pure" Khmer people and a policy of agricultural revolution meant that Chinese ethnic society was destroyed and their families decimated. In 1979, some Khmer and Chinese were able to flee Cambodia and a small number of ethnic Chinese Cambodian refugees eventually settled in the Washington metropolitan area. Because the family is the most salient unit of Chinese society, the dissertation seeks (1) to describe how the area's Chinese from Cambodia are re-forming families and kin-based groups, (2) to see whether and/or how the re-formed groups further constitute an ethnic group, and (3) from their history and experience, to ascertain what individual, family, and ethnic identity means in contexts of fluctuating power. Data for the research was gathered from observation, structured questionnaires, and, most importantly, life stories. The life stories, divided into sub-texts and arranged by categories suggested by the data, are analyzed for principles and patterns underlying the said and unsaid. Data show Chinese Cambodian refugees are re-forming families and kin-based units by marrying and bearing children, bringing surviving family members together, and using the intricate and flexible Chinese kinship system to pull distantly related kin and non-related friends into closer circles of kinship. There is no evidence that Chinese Cambodians are acting as an ethnic group yet, rather they are emphasizing families as repositories of ethnic identity. Refugee status acts as an ethnic marker separating them from other groups, including the area's older Chinese community, and encouraging greater participation in the host community. Looking at the data differently to focus on incentives and constraints under which Chinese Cambodians make choices, patterns of general behavior are discernible: Chinese Cambodian refugees value their families and their behavior generally, specifically, and consistently promotes family welfare; redefinitions of identity allow ethnic and/or family identity to contract or expand with other identities; and Chinese Cambodian refugees are accruing resources lost during Pol Pot.
Generating stable molecules using imitation and reinforcement learning
Creators: name: Meldgaard, Søren Ager
name: Köhler, Jonas
name: Mortensen, Henrik Lund
name: Christiansen, Mads-Peter V.
name: Noé, Frank
name: Hammer, Bjørk
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: reinforcement learning
subject: chemical physics
subject: chemical space
subject: global optimization
subject: imitation learning
subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 Datenverarbeitung; Informatik

description: Chemical space is routinely explored by machine learning methods to discover interesting molecules, before time-consuming experimental synthesizing is attempted. However, these methods often rely on a graph representation, ignoring 3D information necessary for determining the stability of the molecules. We propose a reinforcement learning (RL) approach for generating molecules in Cartesian coordinates allowing for quantum chemical prediction of the stability. To improve sample-efficiency we learn basic chemical rules from imitation learning (IL) on the GDB-11 database to create an initial model applicable for all stoichiometries. We then deploy multiple copies of the model conditioned on a specific stoichiometry in a RL setting. The models correctly identify low energy molecules in the database and produce novel isomers not found in the training set. Finally, we apply the model to larger molecules to show how RL further refines the IL model in domains far from the training data.
Family, ethnicity, and power: Chinese Cambodian refugees in the Washington metropolitan area
Creators: name: Hackett, Beatrice Nied
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: An important urban minority in Cambodia, ethnic Chinese suffered greatly under Pol Pot's regime after the 1975 Khmer Rouge victory. Emphasis on a "pure" Khmer people and a policy of agricultural revolution meant that Chinese ethnic society was destroyed and their families decimated. In 1979, some Khmer and Chinese were able to flee Cambodia and a small number of ethnic Chinese Cambodian refugees eventually settled in the Washington metropolitan area. Because the family is the most salient unit of Chinese society, the dissertation seeks (1) to describe how the area's Chinese from Cambodia are re-forming families and kin-based groups, (2) to see whether and/or how the re-formed groups further constitute an ethnic group, and (3) from their history and experience, to ascertain what individual, family, and ethnic identity means in contexts of fluctuating power. Data for the research was gathered from observation, structured questionnaires, and, most importantly, life stories. The life stories, divided into sub-texts and arranged by categories suggested by the data, are analyzed for principles and patterns underlying the said and unsaid. Data show Chinese Cambodian refugees are re-forming families and kin-based units by marrying and bearing children, bringing surviving family members together, and using the intricate and flexible Chinese kinship system to pull distantly related kin and non-related friends into closer circles of kinship. There is no evidence that Chinese Cambodians are acting as an ethnic group yet, rather they are emphasizing families as repositories of ethnic identity. Refugee status acts as an ethnic marker separating them from other groups, including the area's older Chinese community, and encouraging greater participation in the host community. Looking at the data differently to focus on incentives and constraints under which Chinese Cambodians make choices, patterns of general behavior are discernible: Chinese Cambodian refugees value their families and their behavior generally, specifically, and consistently promotes family welfare; redefinitions of identity allow ethnic and/or family identity to contract or expand with other identities; and Chinese Cambodian refugees are accruing resources lost during Pol Pot.
Phenomenological theory in reentrant uranium-based superconductors
Creators: name: Feng, Xilin
name: Zhang, Qiang
name: Hu, Jiangping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a phenomenological theory for the family of uranium-based heavy fermion superconductors ($URhGe$, $UCoGe$, and $UTe_2$ ). The theory unifies the understanding of both superconductivity(SC) with a weak magnetic field and reentrant superconductivity(RSC) that appears at the first-order transition line with a high magnetic field. It is shown that the magnetizations along the easy and hard axis have opposite effects on superconductivity. The RSC is induced by the fluctuation parallel to the direction of the magnetic field. The theory makes specific predictions about the variation of triplet superconductivity order parameters $\vec{d}$ with applied external magnetic fields and the existence of a metastable state for the appearance of the RSC.
description: 4 pages, 3 figure, +appendix
FACTORES CRITICOS EN LA ADMINISTRACIÓN DE TRAPICHES DE LA REGION DE HUATUSCO, VERACRUZ
Critical Factors in the Administration of Sugar Mills at Huatusco, Veracruz Region
Creators: name: Roselia Servín Juárez
name: Carrasco, Cynthia Cruz
name: Contreras, Juan Valente Hidalgo
name: Calderón, Gloria Ramírez
name: Soto5, Ana Luz Ramos
name: Roselia Servín Juárez
name: Carrasco, Cynthia Cruz
name: Contreras, Juan Valente Hidalgo
name: Calderón, Gloria Ramírez
name: Soto5, Ana Luz Ramos
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Administration
subject: brown sugar
subject: critical factors
subject: profitability

description: In Mexico, “Piloncillo” (unrefined brown sugar) production participates with 2.3% of the national production of sweeteners from sugar cane, with an average of 115 thousand tons. Among the major Piloncillo producing regions in the state of Veracruz the town of Huatusco has a 1,050 (ha) sugarcane crop area and a production of 73,500 ton (OIEDRUS, 2012). This is carried out in small peasant farms by traditional processes in which prevails a high intensity of family work and traditional manufacturing technology (Rodriguez, 2001) In this article the analysis of the critical factors of the success in the administration of the Piloncillo mills in the region of Huatusco is presented. The critical factors of success comprise a remarkable driving and regulating force of the power of adaptation, through which the strategic resources concentrates and allows to focus on the precise application of the resources for the creation of the competitive advantage. In the first part there is a diagnosis of Piloncillo production in the region. The second stage aims to define a framework for the issues raised in which the incidence of administration in the profitability of agribusinesses is analyzed. Finally, in the third stage there is the analysis of the results of the surveys and the conclusions and recommendations for the producers are presented.
description: ISSN-1405-9282
Rhinogobius Gill 1859
Creators: name: Hoese, Douglass F.
name: Hammer, Michael P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Perciformes
Gobiidae
Rhinogobius

description: Rhinogobius Gill, 1859
 Gobius brunneus Temminck & Schlegel, 1845. The species was considered a junior synonym of Glossogobius giuris by Koumans (1953). The species is now recognised as a valid species of Rhinogobius (see for example Suzuki et al. 2017).
description: Published as part of Hoese, Douglass F. & Hammer, Michael P., 2021, A review of the Glossogobius giuris complex in Australia, with wider discussion on nomenclature and possible synonymies, pp. 79-115 in Zootaxa 4974 (1) on page 110, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4974.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/4772138
Press'Em: Simulating Varying Button Tactility via FDVV Models
Creators: name: Liao, Yi-Chi
name: Kim, Sunjun
name: Lee, Byungjoo
name: Oulasvirta, Antti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Push-buttons provide rich haptic feedback during a press via mechanical structures. While different buttons have varying haptic qualities, few works have attempted to dynamically render such tactility, which limits designers from freely exploring buttons' haptic design. We extend the typical force-displacement (FD) model with vibration (V) and velocity-dependence characteristics (V) to form a novel FDVV model. We then introduce Press'Em, a 3D-printed prototype capable of simulating button tactility based on FDVV models. To drive Press'Em, an end-to-end simulation pipeline is presented that covers (1) capturing any physical buttons, (2) controlling the actuation signals, and (3) simulating the tactility. Our system can go beyond replicating existing buttons to enable designers to emulate and test non-existent ones with desired haptic properties. Press'Em aims to be a tool for future research to better understand and iterate over button designs.
description: 4 pages, CHI'20 EA. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2001.04352
Syntheses of purine-like C-nucleosides and their precursors
Creators: name: Kawai, Joshua Yoshitaka
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The work described in this thesis is part of an ongoing program at The American University. Its goal is the synthesis and screening of potential antiviral and antitumor agents. The work started with the synthesis of a versatile carbohydrate synthon, ethyl 2,5-anydro-6-O-benzoyl- sc D-allono-dithioate, which was utilized for the synthesis of seven purine-like C-nucleosides, presently undergoing biological screening. The synthon was first coupled with o-aminophenol, 2,3-diaminopyridine, and 5,6-diamino-1,3-dimethyluracil to yield 2-D-ribofuranosylbenzoxazole, 2-($\beta$- sc D-ribofuranosyl)-1H-imidazo (4,5-b) pyridine and 8-($\beta$- sc D-ribofuranosyl)-1,3-dimethylxanthine, respectively. Comparison of the yields obtained by this method and by using other synthons revealed that the yields of nucleosides obtained by using the newly prepared synthon were invariably superior. The synthon was accordingly used exclusively to prepare the remaining nucleosides. The latter are nitrogen-bridged C-nucleosides, which were formed by coupling ethyl 2,5-anhydro-6-O-benzoyl- sc D-allonodithiolate with 2-aminomethyl-pyridine, 2-hydrazinopyrazine, and three hydrazinopyrimidines. The first two bases afforded as expected 3-$\beta$- sc D-ribofuranosylimidazo (1,5-a) pyridine and 3-$\beta$- sc D-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazolo (4,3-a) pyrazine, respectively. However coupling the synthon with hydrazinopyrimidines was complicated by the fact that some of the resulting C-nucleosides possessed purine-like bases (such as, 1,2,4-triazolo (4,3-a) pyrimidines) which are known to undergo rearrangement. This is why when ethyl 2,5-anhydro-6-O-benzoyl- sc D-allonodithioate was coupled with 2-hydrazinopyrimidine it afforded 2-(5$\sp\prime$-O-benzoyl-$\beta$- sc D-ribo-furanosyl)-1,2,4-triazolo (1,5-a) pyrimidine instead of the expected 3-(5$\sp\prime$-O-benzoyl-$\beta$- sc D-ribofuranosyl)-1,2,4-triazolo (4,3-a) pyrimidine. On the other hand, 2-hydrazino-4-hydroxy-6-methylpyrimidine and 5-chloro-4-hydrazino-pyrimidine afforded the desired unrearranged C-nucleosides, namely 3-$\beta$- sc D-ribofuranosyl-5-methyl-1,2,4-triazolo (4,3-a) -7(8H)-pyrimidone and 3-(5$\sp\prime$-O-benzoyl-$\beta$- sc D-ribofuranosyl)-8-chloro-1,2,4-triazolo (4,3-c) -pyrimidine, respectively. The C-nucleosides prepared are presently undergoing biological screening.
UNA RADIOGRAFIA DE LA LICENCIATURA EN AGRONEGOCIOS DE LA UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DE CHIAPAS A TRAVÉS DE LOS RESULTADOS DEL PROCESO DE ACREDITACIÓN
A radiography of the degree in agribusiness of the Autonomous University of Chiapas through the results of the accreditation process
Creators: name: Sánchez, Adriana Mazariegos
name: Sánchez, América Inna Milla
name: Chávez, Josefina Martínez
name: Sánchez, Cynthia López
name: Ayala, Alma Leslie León
name: Sánchez, Adriana Mazariegos
name: Sánchez, América Inna Milla
name: Chávez, Josefina Martínez
name: Sánchez, Cynthia López
name: Ayala, Alma Leslie León
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Accreditation
subject: University Education
subject: CACECA
subject: Agribusiness

description: This document presents a summary of the characteristics of the educational program of the Degree in Agribusiness, which are part of the self-study presented for the evaluation for accreditation purposes to the accrediting organization CACECA; contains the most relevant elements that led to a positive evaluation of compliance with indicators, obtaining accreditation. It is presented as a radiography of the program, which allows visualizing strengths and areas of opportunity in a relatively young educational program with great potential. The intention is to present the experience developed for compliance with established standards by the accrediting organization, as well as to be a source of inspiration for future educational programs to be evaluated.
description: ISSN-1405-9282
Syntheses of purine-like C-nucleosides and their precursors
Creators: name: Kawai, Joshua Yoshitaka
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
classificationCode: 3405
subject: Organic chemistry

description: The work described in this thesis is part of an ongoing program at The American University. Its goal is the synthesis and screening of potential antiviral and antitumor agents. The work started with the synthesis of a versatile carbohydrate synthon, ethyl 2,5-anydro-6-O-benzoyl- sc D-allono-dithioate, which was utilized for the synthesis of seven purine-like C-nucleosides, presently undergoing biological screening. The synthon was first coupled with o-aminophenol, 2,3-diaminopyridine, and 5,6-diamino-1,3-dimethyluracil to yield 2-D-ribofuranosylbenzoxazole, 2-($\beta$- sc D-ribofuranosyl)-1H-imidazo (4,5-b) pyridine and 8-($\beta$- sc D-ribofuranosyl)-1,3-dimethylxanthine, respectively. Comparison of the yields obtained by this method and by using other synthons revealed that the yields of nucleosides obtained by using the newly prepared synthon were invariably superior. The synthon was accordingly used exclusively to prepare the remaining nucleosides. The latter are nitrogen-bridged C-nucleosides, which were formed by coupling ethyl 2,5-anhydro-6-O-benzoyl- sc D-allonodithiolate with 2-aminomethyl-pyridine, 2-hydrazinopyrazine, and three hydrazinopyrimidines. The first two bases afforded as expected 3-$\beta$- sc D-ribofuranosylimidazo (1,5-a) pyridine and 3-$\beta$- sc D-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazolo (4,3-a) pyrazine, respectively. However coupling the synthon with hydrazinopyrimidines was complicated by the fact that some of the resulting C-nucleosides possessed purine-like bases (such as, 1,2,4-triazolo (4,3-a) pyrimidines) which are known to undergo rearrangement. This is why when ethyl 2,5-anhydro-6-O-benzoyl- sc D-allonodithioate was coupled with 2-hydrazinopyrimidine it afforded 2-(5$\sp\prime$-O-benzoyl-$\beta$- sc D-ribo-furanosyl)-1,2,4-triazolo (1,5-a) pyrimidine instead of the expected 3-(5$\sp\prime$-O-benzoyl-$\beta$- sc D-ribofuranosyl)-1,2,4-triazolo (4,3-a) pyrimidine. On the other hand, 2-hydrazino-4-hydroxy-6-methylpyrimidine and 5-chloro-4-hydrazino-pyrimidine afforded the desired unrearranged C-nucleosides, namely 3-$\beta$- sc D-ribofuranosyl-5-methyl-1,2,4-triazolo (4,3-a) -7(8H)-pyrimidone and 3-(5$\sp\prime$-O-benzoyl-$\beta$- sc D-ribofuranosyl)-8-chloro-1,2,4-triazolo (4,3-c) -pyrimidine, respectively. The C-nucleosides prepared are presently undergoing biological screening.
Additional file 4 of Transcriptional profiling and physiological roles of Aedes aegypti spermathecal-related genes
Creators: name: Tales Vicari Pascini
name: Ramalho-Ortigão, Marcelo
name: Ribeiro, José Marcos
name: Jacobs-Lorena, Marcelo
name: Martins, Gustavo Ferreira
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4. Sequence and alignment information of eight selected transcripts targeted for RNAi. Primer sequences used for dsRNA synthesis as well as amplicon sizes for RT-PCR assessment of expression profiles are shown.
ESTILOS DE LIDERAZGO EN EXPORTADORAS DE UVAS DE MESA SONORENSE
Leadership styles in sonorian table grape exporters
Creators: name: Torre, Marco Alberto A. De La
name: Parra, Jesús Martín Robles
name: Rodríguez, Juan Martín Preciado
name: Gómez, Beatriz Olivia Camarena
name: Flores, Noemí Bañuelos
name: Torre, Marco Alberto A. De La
name: Parra, Jesús Martín Robles
name: Rodríguez, Juan Martín Preciado
name: Gómez, Beatriz Olivia Camarena
name: Flores, Noemí Bañuelos
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Leadership Styles
subject: Transformational Leadership
subject: Corporate Social Responsibility
subject: Grape Production Organization

description: The objective is to identify the leadership styles that have allowed corporate social responsibility (CSR) to be incorporated into Sonoran table grape producing organizations. The research was developed through a descriptive transversal design, through the application of a questionnaire to managers of grape producing organizations. The results show that it is the transformational and transactional leaderships that allow higher levels of CSR, coinciding with the literature review, in that these styles contribute to comply with these environmental and social principles imposed as new market demands.
description: ISSN-1405-9282
Non-linear shock acceleration in the presence of seed particles
Creators: name: Blasi, Pasquale
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particles crossing repeatedly the surface of a shock wave can be energized by first order Fermi acceleration. The linear theory is successful in describing the acceleration process as long as the pressure of the accelerated particles remains negligible compared to the kinetic pressure of the incoming gas (the so-called test particle approximation). When this condition is no longer fulfilled, the shock is modified by the pressure of the accelerated particles in a nonlinear way, namely the spectrum of accelerated particles and the shock structure determine each other. In this paper we present the first description of the nonlinear regime of shock acceleration when the shock propagates in a medium where seed particles are already present. This case may apply for instance to supernova shocks propagating into the interstellar medium, where cosmic rays are in equipartition with the gas pressure. We find that the appearance of multiple solutions, previously found in alternative descriptions of the nonlinear regime, occurs also for the case of reacceleration of seed particles. Moreover, for parameters of concern for supernova shocks, the shock is likely to turn nonlinear mainly due to the presence of the pre-existing cosmic rays, rather than due to the acceleration of new particles from the thermal pool. We investigate here the onset of the nonlinear regime for the three following cases: 1) seed particles in equipartition with the gas pressure; 2) particles accelerated from the thermal pool; 3) combination of 1) and 2).
description: To appear in Astroparticle Physics
Nucleocapsid mutations R203K/G204R increase the infectivity, fitness, and virulence of SARS-CoV-2
Creators: name: Wu, Haibo
name: Xing, Na
name: Meng, Kaiwen
name: Fu, Beibei
name: Xue, Weiwei
name: Dong, Pan
name: Tang, Wanyan
name: Xiao, Yang
name: Liu, Gexin
name: Luo, Haitao
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: SARS-CoV-2
subject: mutation
subject: R203K/G204R
subject: infectivity
subject: fatality
subject: nucleocapsid
subject: virulence
subject: fitness
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Previous work found that the co-occurring mutations R203K/G204R on the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) protein are increasing in frequency among emerging variants of concern or interest. Through a combination of in silico analyses, this study demonstrates that R203K/G204R are adaptive, while large-scale phylogenetic analyses indicate that R203K/G204R associate with the emergence of the high-transmissibility SARS-CoV-2 lineage B.1.1.7. Competition experiments suggest that the 203K/204R variants possess a replication advantage over the preceding R203/G204 variants, possibly related to ribonucleocapsid (RNP) assembly. Moreover, the 203K/204R virus shows increased infectivity in human lung cells and hamsters. Accordingly, we observe a positive association between increased COVID-19 severity and sample frequency of 203K/204R. Our work suggests that the 203K/204R mutations contribute to the increased transmission and virulence of select SARS-CoV-2 variants. In addition to mutations in the spike protein, mutations in the nucleocapsid protein are important for viral spreading during the pandemic.
Parent-child communication about sexuality
Creators: name: Nolin, Mary Jo
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This study explores the relationships linking direct and indirect parent-child communication about sexuality, similarity of parent and child in sexual value, and adolescent sexual behavior. A combination of quantitative and qualitative research strategies was employed. Survey data were gathered from 84 matched sets of mothers, fathers, and their high school age son or daughter using self-administered questionnaires to identify patterns of factual, sociosexual, moral, and indirect communication as well as parent-child value similarity. Focused interviews were conducted with small groups of parents and children to enhance understanding of the process of communication. Analysis of the data matched for family dyads captured similarities and differences in the perspectives of family members and traced patterns of communication revealed by discussions acknowledged by both parent and child. Direct parent-child communication about sexuality is more extensive for daughters than for sons, and son-daughter differences are most pronounced for moral communication. Only modest associations exist between parent-child communication and value similarity, and they appear to be mediated by the sexual standard of the parent. Analysis of behavioral data for adolescents age 16 or older shows that parent-child value similarity is positively associated with virginity for adolescents, and the association is stronger for sons than for daughters. Data from the focused interviews suggest that son-daughter differences in communication pattern are due to the greater likelihood of mothers to communicate about sexuality as well as to the double standard. Parents also report that they implicitly teach sexual values through a wide of communication about related issues and through example. Finally, the apparently stronger influence of parent-child value similarity on the behavior of sons may emerge because decision making power in adolescent relationships is greater for boys than for girls. Associations among parent-child communication about sexuality, parent-child value similarity, and adolescent sexual behavior are complex, differ for sons and daughters, and need to be examined further with larger samples.
RBM6 splicing factor promotes homologous recombination repair of double-strand breaks and modulates sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs
Creators: name: Machour, Feras E.
name: Abu-Zhayia, Enas R.
name: Awwad, Samah W.
name: Bidany-Mizrahi, Tirza
name: Meinke, Stefan
name: Bishara, Laila A.
name: Heyd, Florian
name: Aqeilan, Rami I.
name: Ayoub, Nabieh
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: RBM6
subject: splicing factor
subject: homologous recombination repair
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: RNA-binding proteins regulate mRNA processing and translation and are often aberrantly expressed in cancer. The RNA-binding motif protein 6, RBM6, is a known alternative splicing factor that harbors tumor suppressor activity and is frequently mutated in human cancer. Here, we identify RBM6 as a novel regulator of homologous recombination (HR) repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Mechanistically, we show that RBM6 regulates alternative splicing-coupled nonstop-decay of a positive HR regulator, Fe65/APBB1. RBM6 knockdown leads to a severe reduction in Fe65 protein levels and consequently impairs HR of DSBs. Accordingly, RBM6-deficient cancer cells are vulnerable to ATM and PARP inhibition and show remarkable sensitivity to cisplatin. Concordantly, cisplatin administration inhibits the growth of breast tumor devoid of RBM6 in mouse xenograft model. Furthermore, we observe that RBM6 protein is significantly lost in metastatic breast tumors compared with primary tumors, thus suggesting RBM6 as a potential therapeutic target of advanced breast cancer. Collectively, our results elucidate the link between the multifaceted roles of RBM6 in regulating alternative splicing and HR of DSBs that may contribute to tumorigenesis, and pave the way for new avenues of therapy for RBM6-deficient tumors.
Exploring True Test Overfitting in Dynamic Automated Program Repair using Formal Methods
Creators: name: Amirfarhad Nilizadeh
name: Leavens, Gary T.
name: Xuan-Bach D. Le
name: Pasareanu, Corina S.
name: Cok, David R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Automated Program Repair (APR); test overfit-ting; formal methods

description: Automated program repair (APR) techniques have shown a promising ability to generate patches that fix program bugs automatically. Typically such APR tools are dynamic in the sense that they find bugs by testing and they validate patches by running a program's test suite. Patches can also be validated manually. However, neither of these methods for validating patches can truly tell whether a patch is correct. Test suites are usually incomplete, and thus APR-generated patches may pass the tests but not be truly correct; in other words, the APR tools may be overfitting to the tests. The possibility of test overfitting leads to manual validation, which is costly, potentially biased, and can also be incomplete. Therefore, we must move past these methods to truly assess APR's overfitting problem. We aim to evaluate the test overfitting problem in dynamic APR tools using ground truth given by a set of programs equipped with formal behavioral specifications. Using these formal specifications and an automated verification tool, we found that there is definitely overfitting in the generated patches of seven well-studied APR tools, although many (about 59\%) of the generated patches were indeed correct. Our study further points out two new problems that can affect APR tools: changes to the complexity of programs and numeric problems. An additional contribution is thatwe introduce the first publicly available data set of formally specified and verified Java programs, their test suites, and buggy variants, each of which has exactly one bug.
Parent-child communication about sexuality
Creators: name: Nolin, Mary Jo
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society

description: This study explores the relationships linking direct and indirect parent-child communication about sexuality, similarity of parent and child in sexual value, and adolescent sexual behavior. A combination of quantitative and qualitative research strategies was employed. Survey data were gathered from 84 matched sets of mothers, fathers, and their high school age son or daughter using self-administered questionnaires to identify patterns of factual, sociosexual, moral, and indirect communication as well as parent-child value similarity. Focused interviews were conducted with small groups of parents and children to enhance understanding of the process of communication. Analysis of the data matched for family dyads captured similarities and differences in the perspectives of family members and traced patterns of communication revealed by discussions acknowledged by both parent and child. Direct parent-child communication about sexuality is more extensive for daughters than for sons, and son-daughter differences are most pronounced for moral communication. Only modest associations exist between parent-child communication and value similarity, and they appear to be mediated by the sexual standard of the parent. Analysis of behavioral data for adolescents age 16 or older shows that parent-child value similarity is positively associated with virginity for adolescents, and the association is stronger for sons than for daughters. Data from the focused interviews suggest that son-daughter differences in communication pattern are due to the greater likelihood of mothers to communicate about sexuality as well as to the double standard. Parents also report that they implicitly teach sexual values through a wide of communication about related issues and through example. Finally, the apparently stronger influence of parent-child value similarity on the behavior of sons may emerge because decision making power in adolescent relationships is greater for boys than for girls. Associations among parent-child communication about sexuality, parent-child value similarity, and adolescent sexual behavior are complex, differ for sons and daughters, and need to be examined further with larger samples.
Magnetic dipole absorption of light at intersubband transitions in quantum wells
Creators: name: Oladyshkin, I. V.
name: Erukhimova, M. A.
name: Tokman, M. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider theoretically magnetic dipole mechanism of the IR-light absorption at intersubband transitions in wide-gap quantum wells (QW). In contrast to the electric dipole resonance, discussed mechanism manifests in the interaction with the s-polarized component of electromagnetic radiation. We demonstrated that a) the frequencies of magnetic and electric dipole intersubband transitions in 2D layer are equal in the framework of one-particle approximation; b) collective plasma effects should lead to a significant frequency shift between the magnetic and electric dipole resonances in typical QW. That is why independent measurements of the magnetic and electric dipole resonant frequencies could allow both the extracting the QW parameters and the experimental verifying of theoretical models of collective fermion interaction. Taking into account relative weakness of the magnetic dipole absorption, we propose a waveguide scheme for its experimental observation.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Rural housing characteristics and the quality of life: The effects of changing environment on behavior in Tanzania
Creators: name: Kyamuhangire Rutayuga, John Baptist
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Theorists have maintained that there is a considerable correlation between environment and behavior. The relationship between the built environment and behavior is explored in this inquiry into the effects of structural changes of housing on behavior in one of the Least Developed Countries. The effects caused by the changing rural house forms on the quality of life are examined and measured. The study utilizes mainland Tanzania Census data on twenty regions, which form the units of analysis. Path analysis techniques are used to examine the strength of relationships between housing forms and five behavioral variables, indices of the quality of life, with the intervention of two sets of five socio-economic and three service variables. High negative correlations of both direct and total effects of changing house forms on cohesion were found. Manipulation of the variables revealed that solidarity would survive the innovation of rural housing, if the existing (traditional) house forms were preserved. There are moderately negative total effects and positive direct effects between changing house forms and thriftiness, as well as a low negative direct effect and a very low negative total effect of the changing house forms on house improvement. The changing house forms have a very high positive total effect on personal care, as was expected. And finally, both direct and total effects of changing house forms on socialization are positive and very high. Because socialization was measured in terms of modern education, its positive relationship to house forms must be interpreted as inverse to the traditional socialization process. The findings support the hypothesis that a structural change in house forms, the changing physical environment, adversely affects behavior and the overall quality of life.
Patient Perspectives on Telepsychiatry on the Inpatient Psychiatric Unit During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Creators: name: Heyman-Kanto, Reuben
name: Hardy, Nathan Ellis
name: Corcoran, Amy Rose
Publisher: name: SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: telemedicine
subject: mental health
subject: psychiatry
subject: COVID-19
subject: patient experience
subject: COVID-19
subject: Telemedicine
subject: Mental Health
subject: Psychiatry
subject: Patient Reported Outcome Measures
subject: Qualitative Research

description: Hospitals have eliminated many in-person interactions and established new protocols to stem the spread of COVID-19. Inpatient psychiatric units face unique challenges, as patients cannot be isolated in their rooms and are at times unable to practice social distancing measures. Many institutions have experimented with providing some psychiatric services remotely to reduce the number of people physically present on the wards and decrease the risk of disease transmission. This case report presents 2 patient perspectives on receiving psychiatric care via videoconferencing while on the inpatient unit of a large academic tertiary care hospital. One patient identified some benefits to virtual treatment while the second found the experience impersonal; both were satisfied with the overall quality of care they received and were stable 2 weeks after discharge. These cases demonstrate that effective care can be provided remotely even to severely ill psychiatric patients who require hospitalization.
description: original_citation: Heyman-Kanto R, Hardy N, Corcoran AR. Patient Perspectives on Telepsychiatry on the Inpatient Psychiatric Unit During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Patient Experience. 2020;7(5):677-679.
MODELING THE UNITED STATES FARMLAND MARKET: A TEST OF THE RATIONAL EXPECTATIONS HYPOTHESIS
Creators: name: Moore, Kevin C.
name: Moore, Kevin C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: A demand and supply model of the U.S. farmland market is constructed. Naive, adaptive, and rational expectations are used to represent market participants capital gains expectations. Rational expectations appear invalid in the land market while naive expectations provide good results. Use of supply and demand schedules also appears appropriate.
Rural housing characteristics and the quality of life: The effects of changing environment on behavior in Tanzania
Creators: name: Kyamuhangire Rutayuga, John Baptist
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society

description: Theorists have maintained that there is a considerable correlation between environment and behavior. The relationship between the built environment and behavior is explored in this inquiry into the effects of structural changes of housing on behavior in one of the Least Developed Countries. The effects caused by the changing rural house forms on the quality of life are examined and measured. The study utilizes mainland Tanzania Census data on twenty regions, which form the units of analysis. Path analysis techniques are used to examine the strength of relationships between housing forms and five behavioral variables, indices of the quality of life, with the intervention of two sets of five socio-economic and three service variables. High negative correlations of both direct and total effects of changing house forms on cohesion were found. Manipulation of the variables revealed that solidarity would survive the innovation of rural housing, if the existing (traditional) house forms were preserved. There are moderately negative total effects and positive direct effects between changing house forms and thriftiness, as well as a low negative direct effect and a very low negative total effect of the changing house forms on house improvement. The changing house forms have a very high positive total effect on personal care, as was expected. And finally, both direct and total effects of changing house forms on socialization are positive and very high. Because socialization was measured in terms of modern education, its positive relationship to house forms must be interpreted as inverse to the traditional socialization process. The findings support the hypothesis that a structural change in house forms, the changing physical environment, adversely affects behavior and the overall quality of life.
Infrared and visual lunar occultations measurements of stellar diameters and new binary stars detections at the Calar Alto 1.5m telescope
Creators: name: Fors, O.
name: Richichi, A.
name: Nunez, J.
name: Prades, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a program of routine lunar occultations, at optical and near-IR wavelengths, recently started at the 1.5m Spanish telescope at the Calar Alto Observatory. Both a CCD and an infrared array detector are used. The program is aimed mainly at the detection and investigation of binary systems, although results in other areas of stellar research are also anticipated. Occultations are reported for a total of 40 stars. Among these, SAO 164567, SAO 78258 and AG+24 788 have been discovered to be binaries, with projected separations as small as 0.006". Furthermore, binarity is suspected in the case of SAO 78119 and SAO 79251. Additionally, the angular diameter of the late-type giant 30 Psc and of the infrared star V349 Gem have been accurately measured, this latter for the first time. We finally evaluate the instrumentation performance in terms of limiting magnitude and angular resolution, and discuss applications to larger telescopes.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures, LaTeX, uses aa.cls. Accepted for publication in A&A
Additional file 1 of Transcriptional profiling and physiological roles of Aedes aegypti spermathecal-related genes
Creators: name: Tales Vicari Pascini
name: Ramalho-Ortigão, Marcelo
name: Ribeiro, José Marcos
name: Jacobs-Lorena, Marcelo
name: Martins, Gustavo Ferreira
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Tables of comparative gene expression analyses between virgin and inseminated Ae. aegypti spermathecae. Results show summaries of DEG and respective functional annotations, selected transcripts used in RNAi experiments, and phenotypic assessments.