cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Advances in quantum entanglement purification
Creators: name: Yan, Peishun
name: Zhou, Lan
name: Zhong, Wei
name: Sheng, Yubo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since its discovery, the quantum entanglement becomes a promising resource in quantum communication and computation. However, the entanglement is fragile due to the presence of noise in quantum channels. Entanglement purification is a powerful tool to distill high quality entangled states from the low quality entangled states. In this review, we present an overview of entanglement purification, including the basic entanglement purification theory, the entanglement purification protocols (EPPs) with linear optics, EPPs with cross-Kerr nonlinearities, hyperentanglement EPPs, deterministic EPPs, and measurement-based EPPs. We also review experimental progresses of EPPs in linear optics. Finally, we give the discussion on potential outlook for the future development of EPPs. This review may pave the way for practical implementations in future long-distance quantum communication and quantum network.
description: 23 pages, 27 figures
Docmarking: Real-Time Screen-Cam Robust Document Image Watermarking
Creators: name: Yakushev, Aleksey
name: Markin, Yury
name: Obydenkov, Dmitry
name: Frolov, Alexander
name: Fomin, Stas
name: Akopyan, Manuk
name: Kozachok, Alexander
name: Gaynov, Arthur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper focuses on investigation of confidential documents leaks in the form of screen photographs. Proposed approach does not try to prevent leak in the first place but rather aims to determine source of the leak. Method works by applying on the screen a unique identifying watermark as semi-transparent image that is almost imperceptible for human eyes. Watermark image is static and stays on the screen all the time thus watermark present on every captured photograph of the screen. The key components of the approach are three neural networks. The first network generates an image with embedded message in a way that this image is almost invisible when displayed on the screen. The other two neural networks are used to retrieve embedded message with high accuracy. Developed method was comprehensively tested on different screen and cameras. Test results showed high efficiency of the proposed approach.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Rigidity and Non-recurrence along Sequences
Creators: name: Bergelson, V.
name: del Junco, A.
name: Lemańczyk, M.
name: Rosenblatt, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Two properties of a dynamical system, rigidity and non-recurrence, are examined in detail. The ultimate aim is to characterize the sequences along which these properties do or do not occur for different classes of transformations. The main focus in this article is to characterize explicitly the structural properties of sequences which can be rigidity sequences or non-recurrent sequences for some weakly mixing dynamical system. For ergodic transformations generally and for weakly mixing transformations in particular there are both parallels and distinctions between the class of rigid sequences and the class of non-recurrent sequences. A variety of classes of sequences with various properties are considered showing the complicated and rich structure of rigid and non-recurrent sequences.
Late Triassic–Early Jurassic continental vertebrates and their environmental context from the Junggar Basin, Xinjiang, NW China
Creators: name: Olsen, Paul E.
name: Sha, Jingeng
name: Fang, Yanan
name: Chang, Clara
name: Sues, Hans-Dieter
name: Slibeck, Bennett Bradley
name: Fu, Qiang
name: Yu, Congyu
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3705
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Movie 1: tooth section.
KP Cyg: an Unusual Metal-rich RR Lyr Type Star of Long Period
Creators: name: Andrievsky, S. M.
name: Kovtyukh, V. V.
name: Wallerstein, George
name: Korotin, S. A.
name: Huang, Wenjin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a detailed spectroscopic study of the long period ($P=0.856$ days) RR Lyrae star, KP Cyg. We derived abundances of many chemical elements including the light species, iron-group elements and elements of the s-processes. Most RR Lyrae stars with periods longer than 0.7 days are metal-deficient objects. Surprisingly, our results show that KP Cyg is very metal rich ([Fe/H] $= +0.18\pm 0.23$). By comparison with a number of short period ($P=1\sim 6$ days), metal-rich CWB stars, we suggest that KP Cyg may be a very short period CWB star (BL Her star) rather than an RR Lyrae star. As seen in some CWB stars, KP Cyg shows strong excesses of carbon and nitrogen in its atmosphere. This indicates that the surface of KP Cyg has been polluted by material that has undergone helium burning (to enhance carbon) and proton capture (to transform carbon into nitrogen). We also note that UY CrB, whose period is 0.929 days, also shows an enhancement of C and N, and that two carbon cepheids of short period, V553 Cen and RT TrA, show similar excesses of carbon and nitrogen.
description: Accepted for publication in PASP
The UV galaxy luminosity function at z=3-5 from the CFHT Legacy Survey Deep fields
Creators: name: van der Burg, Remco F. J.
name: Hildebrandt, Hendrik
name: Erben, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure and study the evolution of the UV galaxy Luminosity Function (LF) at z=3-5 from the largest high-redshift survey to date, the Deep part of the CFHT Legacy Survey. We also give accurate estimates of the SFR density at these redshifts. We consider ~100,000 Lyman-break galaxies at z~3.1, 3.8 & 4.8 selected from very deep ugriz images of this data set and estimate their rest-frame 1600A luminosity function. Due to the large survey volume, cosmic variance plays a negligible role. Furthermore, we measure the bright end of the LF with unprecedented statistical accuracy. Contamination fractions from stars and low-z galaxy interlopers are estimated from simulations. To correct for incompleteness, we study the detection rate of simulated galaxies injected to the images as a function of magnitude and redshift. We estimate the contribution of several systematic effects in the analysis to test the robustness of our results. We find the bright end of the LF of our u-dropout sample to deviate significantly from a Schechter function. If we modify the function by a recently proposed magnification model, the fit improves. For the first time in an LBG sample, we can measure down to the density regime where magnification affects the shape of the observed LF because of the very bright and rare galaxies we are able to probe with this data set. We find an increase in the normalisation, $ϕ^{*}$, of the LF by a factor of 2.5 between z~5 and z~3. The faint-end slope of the LF does not evolve significantly between z~5 and z~3. We do not find a significant evolution of the characteristic magnitude in the studied redshift interval. The SFR density is found to increase by a factor of ~2 from z~5 to z~4. The evolution from z~4 to z~3 is less eminent.
description: 14 pages, 14 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
Multiplexing Power Converters for Cost-Effective and Flexible Soft Open Points
Creators: name: Deakin, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The feasible set of real powers that can be transferred by a three-terminal Soft Open Point (SOP) can be increased by selecting non-uniform power ratings for each of the three ac/dc legs of the SOP, then connecting a multi-terminal switch (multiplexer) to the ac side of each of those converters to facilitate reconfiguration. This paper generalizes this concept, considering the real and reactive power that n multiplexed ac/dc converters can transfer at an m-feeder bus. The performance of the device is studied numerically for a number of ac/dc sizing strategies through the volume of the feasible set of power transfers (the `capability chart volume', CCV) and distribution system loss reduction benefits (as an exemplar network service). Upper bounds on device performance are defined by considering the performance of a novel, idealised SOP consisting of a continuum of infinitesimal reconfigurable converters. Results demonstrate that the CCV can be more than doubled, with 99% of the relative performance improvement of the idealised converter achieved with designs consisting of as few as four converters. SOP equipment costs reductions of 24% are reported, with it concluded that reconfigurable, judiciously sized ac/dc legs can yield flexible and lower cost SOPs than conventional, hard-wired approaches.
description: Article accepted in IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid
Rotation $r$-graphs
Creators: name: Steffen, Eckhard
name: Wolf, Isaak H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study rotation $r$-graphs and show that for every $r$-graph $G$ of odd regularity there is a simple rotation $r$-graph $G'$ such that $G$ can be obtained form $G'$ by a finite number of $2$-cut reductions. As a consequence, some hard conjectures as the (generalized) Berge-Fulkerson Conjecture and Tutte's 3- and 5-flow conjecture can be reduced to rotation $r$-graphs.
description: 9 pages
Spacecraft charging and ion wake formation in the near-Sun environment
Creators: name: Ergun, R. E.
name: Malaspina, D. M.
name: Bale, S. D.
name: McFadden, J. P.
name: Larson, D. E.
name: Mozer, F. S.
name: Meyer-Vernet, N.
name: Maksimovic, M.
name: Kellogg, P. J.
name: Wygant, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A three-dimensional (3-D), self-consistent code is employed to solve for the static potential structure surrounding a spacecraft in a high photoelectron environment. The numerical solutions show that, under certain conditions, a spacecraft can take on a negative potential in spite of strong photoelectron currents. The negative potential is due to an electrostatic barrier near the surface of the spacecraft that can reflect a large fraction of the photoelectron flux back to the spacecraft. This electrostatic barrier forms if (1) the photoelectron density at the surface of the spacecraft greatly exceeds the ambient plasma density, (2) the spacecraft size is significantly larger than local Debye length of the photoelectrons, and (3) the thermal electron energy is much larger than the characteristic energy of the escaping photoelectrons. All of these conditions are present near the Sun. The numerical solutions also show that the spacecraft's negative potential can be amplified by an ion wake. The negative potential of the ion wake prevents secondary electrons from escaping the part of spacecraft in contact with the wake. These findings may be important for future spacecraft missions that go nearer to the Sun, such as Solar Orbiter and Solar Probe Plus.
description: 25 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Physics of Plasmas
Background-Independence
Creators: name: Belot, Gordon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intuitively speaking, a classical field theory is background-independent if the structure required to make sense of its equations is itself subject to dynamical evolution, rather than being imposed ab initio. The aim of this paper is to provide an explication of this intuitive notion. Background-independence is not a not formal property of theories: the question whether a theory is background-independent depends upon how the theory is interpreted. Under the approach proposed here, a theory is fully background-independent relative to an interpretation if each physical possibility corresponds to a distinct spacetime geometry; and it falls short of full background-independence to the extent that this condition fails.
description: Forthcoming in General Relativity and Gravitation
Mann - Frau - Partnerschaft : Genderdebatten des Christentums
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Thorbecke
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Christentum
subject: Geschlechterrolle
subject: Partnerschaft

description: Im vorliegenden Band dokumentiert das Rottenburger Jahrbuch bereits die Weingartener Studientagung des Jahres 2015
Bistable non-volatile elastic membrane memcapacitor exhibiting chaotic behavior
Creators: name: Martinez-Rincon, J.
name: Pershin, Y. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest a realization of a bistable non-volatile memory capacitor (memcapacitor). Its design utilizes a strained elastic membrane as a plate of a parallel-plate capacitor. The applied stress generates low and high capacitance configurations of the system. We demonstrate that a voltage pulse of an appropriate amplitude can be used to reliably switch the memcapacitor into the desired capacitance state. Moreover, charged-voltage and capacitance-voltage curves of such a system demonstrate hysteresis and transition into a chaotic regime in a certain range of ac voltage amplitudes and frequencies. Membrane memcapacitor connected to a voltage source comprises a single element nonautonomous chaotic circuit.
description: IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices (in press)
Using RapidEye satellite imagery to detect forest disturbances in British Columbia
Creators: name: Arnett, John Thomas Te Reo
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Improving our ability to track and monitor changes on Earth’s surface will inevitably enhance our ability to manage and monitor the biosphere. Remote Sensing technologies developed to monitor the Earth’s surface have already improved our understating of dynamic land cover change at a variety of scales. Fundamental to the identification of land cover change is the detection of abrupt disturbance events. These events constitute direct changes to the composition and structure of ecological systems and may have long lasting effects. In a forestry context it is important to identify disturbances in a timely manner in order to inform management decisions. The RapidEye constellation is a series of five identical Earth orbiting optical sensors capable of achieving five meter spatial resolution imagery with a daily return time. In this thesis we present two studies which assess the capacity of RapidEye to detect (1) stand replacing disturbances and (2) non-stand replacing disturbances in British Columbia. In the first study we develop a robust method to identify stand-replacing disturbances across seven regions in British Columbia. Overall accuracy for the classification of forest disturbance ranged from 83.65 ± 0.77% to 97.65 ± 0.25% for individual 25 X 25 km test locations. In the second study the utility of the RapidEye constellation to detect and characterize a low severity fire in a dry Western Canadian Forest was examined. Estimates of burn severity from field data were correlated with a selected suite of common spectral vegetation indices. All correlations between the ground estimates and vegetation indices produced significant results (p < 0.01). Consumption estimates of woody surface fuels ranged from 3.38 ± 1.03 Mg ha-¹ to 11.72 ± 1.84 Mg ha-¹ across four extrapolated severity classes. The results of this thesis demonstrate the capacity of the RapidEye constellation to accurately detect stand replacing and non-stand replacing disturbances. We conclude by recommending the use of RapidEye to assess forest disturbances, with an emphasis on the spatial detail and temporal availability of imagery captured by the RapidEye sensors.
Deep learning based Auto Tuning for Database Management System
Creators: name: Gunasekaran, Karthick Prasad
name: Tiwari, Kajal
name: Acharya, Rachana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The management of database system configurations is a challenging task, as there are hundreds of configuration knobs that control every aspect of the system. This is complicated by the fact that these knobs are not standardized, independent, or universal, making it difficult to determine optimal settings. An automated approach to address this problem using supervised and unsupervised machine learning methods to select impactful knobs, map unseen workloads, and recommend knob settings was implemented in a new tool called OtterTune and is being evaluated on three DBMSs, with results demonstrating that it recommends configurations as good as or better than those generated by existing tools or a human expert.In this work, we extend an automated technique based on Ottertune [1] to reuse training data gathered from previous sessions to tune new DBMS deployments with the help of supervised and unsupervised machine learning methods to improve latency prediction. Our approach involves the expansion of the methods proposed in the original paper. We use GMM clustering to prune metrics and combine ensemble models, such as RandomForest, with non-linear models, like neural networks, for prediction modeling.
Gas-Phase Oxygen Gradients in Strongly Interacting Galaxies: I. Early-Stage Interactions
Creators: name: Rupke, David S. N.
name: Kewley, Lisa J.
name: Chien, L. -H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A consensus is emerging that interacting galaxies show depressed nuclear gas metallicities compared to isolated star-forming galaxies. Simulations suggest that this nuclear underabundance is caused by interaction-induced inflow of metal-poor gas, and that this inflow concurrently flattens the radial metallicity gradients in strongly interacting galaxies. We present metallicities of over 300 HII regions in a sample of 16 spirals that are members of strongly interacting galaxy pairs with mass ratio near unity. The deprojected radial gradients in these galaxies are about half of those in a control sample of isolated, late-type spirals. Detailed comparison of the gradients with simulations show remarkable agreement in gradient distributions, the relationship between gradients and nuclear underabundances, and the shape of profile deviations from a straight line. Taken together, this evidence conclusively demonstrates that strongly interacting galaxies at the present day undergo nuclear metal dilution due to gas inflow, as well as significant flattening of their gas-phase metallicity gradients, and that current simulations can robustly reproduce this behavior at a statistical level.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Additional file 4: of Low recovery of bacterial community after an extreme salinization-desalinization cycle
Creators: name: Hu, Yang
name: Bai, Chengrong
name: Cai, Jian
name: Shao, Keqiang
name: Tang, Xiangming
name: Gao, Guang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S3. Phylum-level changes of bacterial community composition during the control group (DOCX 224 kb)
Measurement of the $WZ\rightarrow \ellν\ell\ell$ cross section and limits on anomalous triple gauge couplings in $p\bar{p}$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 1.96 TeV
Creators: name: D0 Collaboration
name: al, V. Abazov et
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new measurement of the $WZ\rightarrow \ellν\ell\ell$ ($\ell = e,μ$) cross section and limits on anomalous triple gauge couplings. Using 4.1 fb$^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity of $p\bar{p}$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 1.96$ TeV, we observe 34 $WZ$ candidate events with an estimated background of $6.0 \pm 0.4$ events. We measure the $WZ$ production cross section to be $3.90^{+1.06}_{-0.90}$ pb, in good agreement with the standard model prediction. We find no evidence for anomalous $WWZ$ couplings and set 95% C.L. limits on the coupling parameters, $-0.075 < λ_{Z} < 0.093$ and $-0.027 < Δκ_{Z} < 0.080$, in the HISZ parameterization for a $Λ= 2$ TeV form factor scale. These are the best limits to date obtained from the direct measurement of the $WWZ$ vertex.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables
Numerical study on the formation and early developmentof tropical cyclones
Creators: name: Zhang, Guoping
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: This study investigates the formation mechanisms and early development of tropical cyclones (TCs) through both observational data analysis and numerical model simulations. Typhoon Ketsana (2003) in the western North Pacific is the major case study and has been simulated using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model. First, the roles that mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) play in determining the rate of TC formation is investigated by comparing the simulation of Typhoon Ketsana, which involved multiple MCSs during its formation, with that of Typhoon Dan (1999) with only one MCS involved. Diagnoses of the convection activity, convective energy consumption and recovery show that the longer the convective heating supply from the convective clouds is, the longer is the preconditioning period before TC forms and starts to intensify.
 In addition, this study further analyses the contribution from the convective-scale vortical hot towers, or, in more general convectively induced vorticity anomalies (CVAs), to the formation of Typhoon Ketsana. Scale separation showed that the activity of the convective-scale vortices correlate well with the development of the MCSs. These convectively induced vorticity anomalies have large values of positive relative vorticity induced by intense low-level convergence but at the same time large downdrafts associated with negative relative vorticity. The system dynamics through which the CVAs can get organised to form the system-scale surface vortex is analysed with several measures, such as merger index and OWZP.
 Observed TC warm-core structure is also examined in this study. The warm core structures of 17 TCs in monsoon trough of the western North Pacific are analysed using the AMSU-A microwave brightness temperature data. Although there is limitation of the data such as signal scattering by ice, with proper interpretation of the limitations on applications, the temperature retrieval from passive microwave data is able to indicate the warm-core development processes in TCs well. On the other hand, the WRF simulations indicate that every MCS was associated with strong mid- to upper-level heating as typically found in stratiform clouds. However, the simulated warm core development of Typhoon Ketsana shows some interesting development with variation in the warm core height and potential double warm core development. The relationship of such development to MCS activity is discussed.
Construction of template-assembled pyrimidine-based quartets and quadruplexes
Creators: name: Hui, Benjamin Wei Qiang
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Pyrimidine-based quartets and quadruplexes are unstable and thus are rarely encountered in nature. Uracil (U) and thymine (T) quartets in the solution state have only been found as part of pre-existing G-quadruplex scaffolds and the corresponding quadruplexes have not been reported. Studies on such systems might shed light on their role in nucleic acid topology and stability. This thesis describes the assembly and structural characterization of these motifs in vitro as a result of grafting the respective nucleosides onto resorcinol-based cavitands. These rigid macrocycles serve as molecular templates on which these motifs are preorganized. Reduction of entropic loss improves thermodynamic stability and promotes self-assembly. A convergent synthetic strategy was employed for accessing these cavitand-nucleoside conjugates. Cavitands and nucleosides were prepared separately using established literature methods, and the final coupling step of the two components entailed a copper (I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition, or a "click" reaction. NMR spectroscopy was used extensively in signal assignment, structure elucidation and oligomeric state analysis. CD spectroscopy was employed in some cases to provide further confirmation of defined structure. Findings indicated the spontaneous self-assembly of a U-quartet in CDCl3 at both 25 ºC and –20 ºC. In the presence of a metal cation (Sr²⁺), symmetric homodimerization of two U-quartets occurs at 25 ºC. The corresponding U-quadruplex unit was identified in DMSO-d₆ at 25 ºC. The T-quartet was shown to be nonexistent at 25 ºC, but assembles at a low temperature of –40 ºC. iii No evidence for metal cation uptake was found at 25 ºC. Assembly of the T-quadruplex was confirmed in DMSO-d₆ at 25 ºC. In all of these systems, stacking of the nucleobase and triazole linker rings was indicated suggesting π-stacking interactions to be a significant contributor to overall stability.
SAPHIR: A Pluricultural Authoring Tool to Produce Resources in Support of Education for Sustainable Development
Creators: name: Jean-Daubias, Stéphanie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we present SAPHIR, a multilingual authoring tool producing a Progressive Web App, usable on computers, tablets, and smartphones, online or offline. We presented our design process, the architecture of the system, the model on which it is based, and its main parts: SAPHIR it-self is the main software proposing activities to children to learn and play; MINE is the authoring tool used by pedagogical designers and resources translators to create and translate resources without requiring any programming skills; TAILLE is dedicated to teachers to whom he provides educational explanations to use SAPHIR with their learners. The different parts were used with both pedagogical designers and students.
MOESM16 of siRNAs regulate DNA methylation and interfere with gene and lncRNA expression in the heterozygous polyploid switchgrass
Creators: name: Yan, Haidong
name: Bombarely, Aureliano
name: Xu, Bin
name: Frazier, Taylor
name: Wang, Chengran
name: Chen, Peilin
name: Chen, Jing
name: Hasing, Tomas
name: Cui, Chenming
name: Zhang, Xinquan
name: Zhao, Bingyu
name: Huang, Linkai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 16: Table S7. Correlation analysis between methylation levels and gene expression in different genic regions.
Two-dimensional dissipative solitons supported by localized gain
Creators: name: Kartashov, Yaroslav V.
name: Konotop, Vladimir V.
name: Vysloukh, Victor A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the balance between localized gain and nonlinear cubic dissipation in the twodimensional nonlinear Schrodinger equation allows for existence of stable two-dimensional localized modes which we identify as solitons. Such modes exist only when the gain is strong enough and the energy flow exceeds certain threshold value. The observed solitons neither undergo diffractive spreading nor collapse. Above the critical value of the gain the symmetry breaking occurs and asymmetric dissipative solitons emerge.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, to appear in Optics Letters
STEREO observations of stars and the search for exoplanets
Creators: name: Wraight, K. T.
name: White, Glenn J.
name: Bewsher, D.
name: Norton, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The feasibility of using data from the NASA STEREO mission for variable star and asteroseismology studies has been examined. A data analysis pipeline has been developed that is able to apply selected algorithms to the entire database of nearly a million stars to search for signs of variability. An analysis limited to stars of magnitude 10.5 has been carried out, which has resulted in the extraction of 263 eclipsing binaries (EBs), of which 122 are not recorded as such in the SIMBAD online database. The characteristics of the STEREO observations are shown to be extremely well-suited to variable star studies with the ability to provide continuous phase coverage for extended periods as well as repeated visits that allow both short and long term variability to be observed. This will greatly inform studies of particular stars, such as the pre-cataclysmic variable V471 Tau, as well as entire classes of stars, including many forms of rotational variability. The high-precision photometry has also revealed a potentially substellar companion to a bright (R = 7.5 mag) nearby star (HD 213597), detected with 5-sigma significance. This would provide a significant contribution to exoplanet research if follow-up observations ascertain the mass to be within the planetary domain. Some particularly unusual EBs from the recovered sample are discussed, including a possible reclassification of a well-known star as an EB rather than a rotational variable (HR 7355) and several particularly eccentric systems, including very long-period EBs.
description: 40 pages, 1 table, 42 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Good Codes From Generalised Algebraic Geometry Codes
Creators: name: Jibril, Mubarak
name: tomlinson, Martin
name: Ahmed, Mohammed Zaki
name: Tjhai, Cen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Algebraic geometry codes or Goppa codes are defined with places of degree one. In constructing generalised algebraic geometry codes places of higher degree are used. In this paper we present 41 new codes over GF(16) which improve on the best known codes of the same length and rate. The construction method uses places of small degree with a technique originally published over 10 years ago for the construction of generalised algebraic geometry codes.
description: 3 pages, to be presented at the IEEE Symposium on Information Theory (ISIT 2010) in Austin, Texas, June 2010
Uromys (Cyromys) Thomas 1910
Creators: name: Groves, C. P.
name: Flannery, Tim F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1994
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Uromys

description: Uromys (Cyromys) Thomas, 1910 Type species. Mus imperator Thomas, 1888. Revised diagnosis. The species of Uromys (Cyromys) can be distinguished from species of U. (Uromys) by possessing the following features: i) molar rows relatively short, molars relatively broad; ii) M3 larger relative to other teeth; iii) anterior lophid of Ml distinct even in worn molars; iv) molars more complex, individual cusps more distinctly defined, with Ml retaining a well-developed fossa lingual to posterior cingulum; v) anterior and ventral orbital walls slope away from centre of orbitotemporal fossa, so that walls can be seen in dorsal view; vi) frontotemporal sutures markedly ridge-like; vii) coronal suture strongly convex or biconvex backwards; viii) preorbital foramen slopes backwards, so that inferior margin readily visible in dorsal view; ix) ascending ramus flares laterally; x) tail scales consist of small central prominence surrounded by large fleshy area. All of the dental features listed here are probably plesiomorphic for the species of Uromys and closely related genera (see discussion). However, the tail morphology is unique among near relatives and is presumably synapomorpbic for the subgenus. Additional useful diagnostic features for the subgenus are as follows. The rostrum is broad, and the incisive foramina are strongly bowed outward; although the temporal sutures are markedly ridge-like, there are no post-sutural processes. The nasals are posteriorly broadened, and the posterior part of the lateral walls of the rostrum are steep, nearly vertical and partially concealing the lachrymal in dorsal view. The zygomatic arches do not swing down to the level of the molar alveoli. The nasal tips are abbreviated and slightly downturned. The incisors are opisthodont. The paroccipital processes are long, their tips level with the inferior margins of the occipital condyles and the auditory bulla. The insertion scar of the M temporalis on the mandible is marked by a strong anterior ridge. Although U. (Cyromys) differs strongly from U. (Uromys), and a good case could be made for separating them generically, we prefer at least for the present to retain them in one genus in order to emphasise their sister-group status with respect to their closest relatives (Melomys, Solomys).
description: Published as part of Groves, C. P. & Flannery, Tim F., 1994, A revision of the genus Uromys Peters, 1867 (Muridae: Mammalia) with descriptions of two new species, pp. 145-169 in Records of the Australian Museum 46 (2) on page 149, DOI: 10.3853/j.0067-1975.46.1994.12, http://zenodo.org/record/4654701
Modeling Two First Hydrostatic Core Candidates Barnard 1b-N and 1b-S
Creators: name: Duan, Hao-Yuan
name: Lai, Shih-Ping
name: Hirano, Naomi
name: Thieme, Travis J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A first hydrostatic core (FHC) is proposed to form after the initial collapse of a prestellar core, as a seed of a Class 0 protostar. FHCs are difficult to observe because they are small, compact, embedded, and short lived. In this work, we explored the physical properties of two well-known FHC candidates, B1-bN and B1-bS, by comparing interferometric data from Submillimeter Array (SMA) 1.1 and 1.3 mm and Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) 870 $μ$m observations with simulated synthesis images of the two sources. The simulated images are based on a simple model containing a single, hot compact first-core-like component at the center surrounded by a large-scale, cold and dusty envelope described by a broken power-law density distribution with an index, $α$. Our results show that the hot compact components of B1-bN and B1-bS can be described by temperatures of \sim 500 K with a size of \sim 4 au, which are in agreement with theoretical predictions of an FHC. If the $α$ inside the broken radii is fixed to -1.5, we find $α$ \sim -2.9 and \sim -3.3 outside the broken radii for B1-bN and B1-bS, respectively, consistent with theoretical calculations of a collapsing, bounded envelope and previous observations. Comparing the density and temperature profiles of the two sources with radiation-hydrodynamic simulations of an FHC, we find both sources lie close to, but before, the second collapse stage. We suggest that B1-bS may have started the collapsing process earlier compared to B1-bN, since a larger discontinuity point is found in its density profile.
Development of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health Core Sets for children and youth with cerebral palsy
Creators: name: Schiariti, Veronica
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: This doctoral dissertation comprises four studies and an expert consensus meeting charged with identifying the most relevant areas of functioning for children and youth with cerebral palsy (CP) aged 0-18 years. The conceptual framework for this project was the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health for children and youth (ICF-CY). According to this model, functioning - “what a person can or cannot do every day” - results from the positive and negative interactions between factors within the child, the task, and the context, including personal and environmental factors. In these studies, functioning was described using the ICF-CY units of analysis: ICF-CY categories. This project’s design featured rigorous, evidence-based quantitative and qualitative techniques. Studies I-IV gathered evidence on critical aspects of functioning for children and youth with CP from various perspectives: the research community (Study I), the international experts (Study II), the children and youth with CP and their caregivers (Study III), and the clinicians (Study IV). Data from each study were linked to the ICF-CY using linking rules. Each study identified a unique list of ICF-CY categories representing every ICF-CY component. The most prevalent components included activities and participation and body functions. Specifically, topics related to d4-Mobility, d5-Self-care, d9-Communiy civil life, b7-Neuromusculoskeletal functions and b1-Learning and applying knowledge were described often in all the studies. The lists of ICF-CY categories generated from Studies I-IV were presented to an international group of experts in the field of childhood disability. The experts, by consensus, created the ICF Core Sets for children and youth with CP. Five Core Sets were developed: a Comprehensive Core Set to be used in interdisciplinary assessments of children aged 0–18 years, a Common Brief Core Set applicable to children aged 0-18 years, and three Age-Specific Core Sets (for children younger than 6 years, between 6-<14 years and youth transitioning to adulthood aged ≥14-18 years). The ICF Core Sets are the first ICF-CY-based tools for children and youth with CP, facilitating the application of the ICF-CY in clinical practice, research, education and administration. Most importantly, they will standardize the functional assessment process of this population worldwide.
Checkerboards, stripes and corner energies in spin models with competing interactions
Creators: name: Giuliani, Alessandro
name: Lebowitz, Joel L.
name: Lieb, Elliott H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the zero temperature phase diagram of Ising spin systems in two dimensions in the presence of competing interactions, long range antiferromagnetic and nearest neighbor ferromagnetic of strength J. We first introduce the notion of a "corner energy" which shows, when the antiferromagnetic interaction decays faster than the fourth power of the distance, that a striped state is favored with respect to a checkerboard state when J is close to J_c, the transition to the ferromagnetic state, i.e., when the length scales of the uniformly magnetized domains become large. Next, we perform detailed analytic computations on the energies of the striped and checkerboard states in the cases of antiferromagnetic interactions with exponential decay and with power law decay r^{-p}, p>2, that depend on the Manhattan distance instead of the Euclidean distance. We prove that the striped phase is always favored compared to the checkerboard phase when the scale of the ground state structure is very large. This happens for J\lesssim J_c if p>3, and for J sufficiently large if 2
description: 21 pages, 3 figures
Chiral photonic topological states in Penrose quasicrystals
Creators: name: Zhang, Yingfang
name: Lan, Zhihao
name: Hu, Liyazhou
name: Shu, Yiqing
name: Yuan, Xun
name: Guo, Penglai
name: Peng, Xiaoling
name: Chen, Weicheng
name: Li, Jianqing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electromagnetic topological edge states typically are created in photonic systems with crystalline symmetry and these states emerge because of the topological feature of bulk Bloch bands in momentum space according to the bulk-edge correspondence principle. In this work, we demonstrate the existence of chiral topological electromagnetic edge states in Penrose-tiled photonic quasicrystals made of magneto-optical materials, without relying on the concept of bulk Bloch bands in momentum space. Despite the absence of bulk Bloch bands, which naturally defiles the conventional definition of topological invariants in momentum space characterizing these states, such as the Chern number, we show that some bandgaps in these photonic quasicrystals still could host unidirectional topological electromagnetic edge states immune to backscattering in both cylinders-in-air and holes-in-slab configurations. Employing a real-space topological invariant based on the Bott index, our calculations reveal that the bandgaps hosting these chiral topological edge states possess a nontrivial Bott index of $\pm 1$, depending on the direction of the external magnetic field. Our work opens the door to the study of topological states in photonic quasicrystals.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Competition and fan substitution between professional sports leagues: Online Appendix B
Creators: name: Wallrafen, Tim
name: Nalbantis, Georgios
name: Pawlowski, Tim
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 330
subject: 796

description: This document contains the Online Appendix B that is part of the manuscript with the title "Competition and fan substitution between professional sports leagues".
Modelling latency removal in mechanical pulping processes
Creators: name: Gao, Jiyang
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Latency removal is an essential step in the mechanical pulping process. It occurs in a continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR) and non-ideal mixing lowers the performance. In order to optimize the latency removal process and reduce the energy consumption in the operation, a kinetic study was carried out. In this work, latency removal was studied at both the individual fibre and the pulp suspension frames of reference. In the first study, the removal of latency of individual TMP fibres was studied using optical microscopy. The fibre deflection under the influence of the heat and water absorption was measured as a function of time. At the pulp suspension level, latency removal was characterized by the change of different pulp properties and the dependency of each property on treatment conditions was determined. Kinetic models of latency removal for secondary refiner TMP and BCTMP pulps were developed, which were based on the rate of latency elimination characterized by freeness. The kinetic study reveals that a potential energy reduction in industrial operation of latency removal can be achieved by properly increasing the power intensity to get better mixing. These results were then complemented in a third study of a more direct measure of latency, i.e. curl index. The change in curl index of TMP pulp was examined and its dependence on temperature and other treatment conditions was determined. The development of tensile and tear strengths of TMP pulp was explored in terms of different treatment conditions and the results were analyzed in terms of fibre straightening and fibre deflocculation. Linear correlations between strength properties, curl index and freeness have been found. In the final portion of the work an industrial case study was performed, where the latency removal of primary BCTMP pulp was examined for the purpose of optimizing an industrial latency removal process. The result of the laboratory test and the onsite measurement in the mill shows latency removal of primary BCTMP pulp is a much faster process in comparison with the secondary BCTMP pulp, and the latency removal process in the pulp mill can be optimized using an existing smaller sized mixing chest.
Can Voice Assistants Sound Cute? Towards a Model of Kawaii Vocalics
Creators: name: Seaborn, Katie
name: Nam, Somang
name: Keckeis, Julia
name: Itagaki, Tatsuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Japanese notion of "kawaii" or expressions of cuteness, vulnerability, and/or charm is a global cultural export. Work has explored kawaii-ness as a design feature and factor of user experience in the visual appearance, nonverbal behaviour, and sound of robots and virtual characters. In this initial work, we consider whether voices can be kawaii by exploring the vocal qualities of voice assistant speech, i.e., kawaii vocalics. Drawing from an age-inclusive model of kawaii, we ran a user perceptions study on the kawaii-ness of younger- and older-sounding Japanese computer voices. We found that kawaii-ness intersected with perceptions of gender and age, i.e., gender ambiguous and girlish, as well as VA features, i.e., fluency and artificiality. We propose an initial model of kawaii vocalics to be validated through the identification and study of vocal qualities, cognitive appraisals, behavioural responses, and affective reports.
description: 7 pages
Chemical composition of the Taurus-Auriga association
Creators: name: D'Orazi, Valentina
name: Biazzo, Katia
name: Randich, Sofia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Taurus-Auriga association is perhaps the most famous prototype of a low-mass star forming region, surveyed at almost all wavelengths. Unfortunately, like several other young clusters/associations, this T association lacks an extensive abundance analysis determination. We present a high-resolution spectroscopic study of seven low-mass members of Taurus-Auriga, including both weak-lined and classical T Tauri stars designed to help robustly determine their metallicity. After correcting for spectral veiling, we performed equivalent width and spectral synthesis analyses using the GAIA set of model atmospheres and the 2002 version of the code MOOG. We find a solar metallicity, obtaining a mean value of [Fe/H]=$-0.01\pm$0.05. The $α$-element Si and the Fe-peak one Ni confirm a solar composition. Our work shows that the dispersion among members is well within the observational errors at variance with previous claims. As in other star forming regions, no metal-rich members are found, reinforcing the idea that old planet-host stars form in the inner part of the Galactic disc and subsequently migrate.
description: In press on A\&A