cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Universal properties of a single polymer chain in slit: Scaling versus MD simulations
Creators: name: Dimitrov, Dimitar I.
name: Milchev, Andrey
name: Binder, Kurt
name: Klushin, Leonid I.
name: Skvortsov, Alexander M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the classical problem of a polymer confined in a slit in both of its static and dynamic aspects. We confirm a number of well known scaling predictions and analyse their range of validity by means of comprehensive Molecular Dynamics simulations using a coarse-grained bead-spring model of a flexible polymer chain. The normal and parallel components of the average end-to-end distance, mean radius of gyration and their distributions, the density profile, the force exerted on the slit walls, and the local bond orientation characteristics are obtained in slits of width $D$ = $4 ÷10$ (in units of the bead radius) and for chain lengths $N=50 ÷300$. We demonstrate that a wide range of static chain properties in normal direction can be described {\em quantitatively} by analytic model - independent expressions in perfect agreement with computer experiment. In particular, the observed profile of confinement-induced bond orientation, is shown to closely match theory predictions. The anisotropy of confinement is found to be manifested most dramatically in the dynamic behavior of the polymer chain. We examine the relation between characteristic times for translational diffusion and lateral relaxation. It is demonstrated that the scaling predictions for lateral and normal relaxation times are in good agreement with our observations. A novel feature is the observed coupling of normal and lateral modes with two vastly different relaxation times. We show that the impact of grafting on lateral relaxation is equivalent to doubling the chain length.
description: 14 pages, 16 figures
Renters, Buildings and Scale: A Spatial Analysis of Urban Tree Cover in Chicago
Creators: name: Joyce, Samuel
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: spatial analysis
subject: urban tree cover
subject: urban
subject: trees
subject: Chicago
subject: forest
subject: urban forest
subject: spatial inequality
subject: built environment
subject: renter

description: Trees play an important role in the function of urban ecosystems. Beyond their role as a habitat for birds and other animals, trees provide an array of essential ecosystem services: stormwater management (Berland et al. 2017), temperature control (Coseo and Larsen 2014), air pollution reduction (Nowak, Crane and Stevens 2006), and carbon sequestration (Kendall and McPherson 2012), among other ecosystem services. Recent research has focused on the relationship between rentership rates and the distribution of this environmental amenity in residential areas. The landmark research on this subject is from Perkins, Heynen and Wilson (2004), who examined a tree-planting program in Milwaukee and found a statistically significant negative correlation between rentership rates and residential canopy cover at the census tract level. Based on their review of the literature on differences between renter and owner-occupied housing, the authors suggest two factors that may produce this relationship: residential mobility, as renters are relatively transient and are unlikely to ever benefit from the trees they plant, and housing maintenance, as it is disadvantageous for renters to invest in improvements that enhance property values and may result in rising rents. Several other studies have investigated this relationship and have similarly found an inverse correlation between rentership and lower tree cover, in various cities at various spatial scales (Heynen, Perkins and Roy 2006; Landry and Chakraborty 2009; Koo et al. 2019). Although tree cover is not necessarily a perfect proxy for the ecosystem services provided by the urban forest, as Riley and Gardiner (2020) found in their comparison of tree canopy cover with a spatial measure of ecosystem service dollars, it remains a readily available and widely-used figure to assess the distribution of these benefits.
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 5 (272)]
Creators: name: Abondiolus Cagola
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1399
Subjects: subject: Sonstige weltliche Aussteller
subject: Notarsurkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Abondiolus Cagola aus Mailand schlichtet einen Streit zwischen Johannolus de Balbis, Sohn des verstorbenen Paganus, sowie Antoniola de Coyriis, Tochter des verstorbenen Bonizolus und Frau des Johannolus, beide wohnhaft an der porta Ticinese in der parochia St. Alexandri in Zebedia in Mailand, auf der einen und Franciscolus, genannt Cerudus de Coyriis, Sohn des verstorbenen Jacobus, wohnhaft an der porta Vercellina in der parochia St. Petri supra Dossum in Mailand, sowie Bruder und Erbe des genannten Bonizolus auf der anderen Seite, nachdem beide Parteien diesen zu ihrem Schiedsrichter bestellt hatten.
Multi-modal Machine Learning for Vehicle Rating Predictions Using Image, Text, and Parametric Data
Creators: name: Su, Hanqi
name: Song, Binyang
name: Ahmed, Faez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Accurate vehicle rating prediction can facilitate designing and configuring good vehicles. This prediction allows vehicle designers and manufacturers to optimize and improve their designs in a timely manner, enhance their product performance, and effectively attract consumers. However, most of the existing data-driven methods rely on data from a single mode, e.g., text, image, or parametric data, which results in a limited and incomplete exploration of the available information. These methods lack comprehensive analyses and exploration of data from multiple modes, which probably leads to inaccurate conclusions and hinders progress in this field. To overcome this limitation, we propose a multi-modal learning model for more comprehensive and accurate vehicle rating predictions. Specifically, the model simultaneously learns features from the parametric specifications, text descriptions, and images of vehicles to predict five vehicle rating scores, including the total score, critics score, performance score, safety score, and interior score. We compare the multi-modal learning model to the corresponding unimodal models and find that the multi-modal model's explanatory power is 4% - 12% higher than that of the unimodal models. On this basis, we conduct sensitivity analyses using SHAP to interpret our model and provide design and optimization directions to designers and manufacturers. Our study underscores the importance of the data-driven multi-modal learning approach for vehicle design, evaluation, and optimization. We have made the code publicly available at http://decode.mit.edu/projects/vehicleratings/.
description: The paper submitted to IDETC/CIE2023, the International Design Engineering Technical Conferences & Computers and Information in Engineering Conference, has been accepted
Model-driven statistical arbitrage on LETF option markets
Creators: name: Nasekin, Sergey
name: Härdle, Wolfgang Karl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: In this paper, we study the statistical properties of the moneyness scaling transformation by Leung and Sircar (2015). This transformation adjusts the moneyness coordinate of the implied volatility smile in an attempt to remove the discrepancy between the IV smiles for levered and unlevered ETF options. We construct bootstrap uniform confidence bands which indicate that the implied volatility smiles are statistically different after moneyness scaling has been performed. An empirical application shows that there are trading opportunities possible on the LETF market. A statistical arbitrage type strategy based on a dynamic semiparametric factor model is presented. This strategy presents a statistical decision algorithm which generates trade recommendations based on comparison of model and observed LETF implied volatility surface. It is shown to generate positive returns with a high probability. Extensive econometric analysis of LETF implied volatility process is performed including out-of-sample forecasting based on a semiparametric factor model and uniform confidence bands' study. It provides new insights into the latent dynamics of the implied volatility surface. We also incorporate Heston stochastic volatility into the moneyness scaling method for better tractability of the model.
Displacement modeling of volcanic magma chambers
Creators: name: Thompson, Lennox
name: Cervelli, Peter
name: Phillips, Dave
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2007

Volcanoes can be hazardous if increased pressure in the magma chamber becomes great enough that magma is forced upward through a crack to the ground surface and erupts. The magma chamber which lies beneath a volcano is a large underground pool of molten rock lying under the surface of the earth's crust. The problem with the magma chamber and why it is significant is because there are unknown processes occurring inside volcanoes. Researchers have not yet understood the processes occurring inside of a volcanic magma chamber. My research is to update a mathematical displacement model which describes the magma chamber properties such as depth and volume change (e.g. inflation or deflation at surface). So far, the method used to get the displacement model to work was to move all the file structures along with the displacement program in one memory storage space in order for the program to work in Matlab. As a result, the program was able to import and export data in addition to loading geographical features of the displacement model to better understand the magma chamber for the purpose of prediction of future volcanic eruptions.
Trends in plant-insect interactions in the Cenozoic
Creators: name: Fornash, Katherine
name: Smith, Dena
name: Blume, Freddie
name: Okal, Marianne
name: Thompson, Lennox
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2007

The Cenozoic era was a time of global-scale changes not only in climate, but also in the levels of angiosperm and insect diversity. Previous work on plant-insect relationships suggests that these temporal and climatic factors may have played a role in the evolution of such interactions. To test these hypotheses, a study of the patterns of insect mediated leaf damage was conducted by comparing six, well-preserved lacustrine deposits in western North America. The Cenozoic formations examined span a 30 million year time interval and have varying climate that allowed us to determine which variables might be better predictors of the amount and types of insect damage present in these fossil assemblages.
Gravitational Recoil during Binary Black Hole Coalescence using the Effective One Body Approach
Creators: name: Damour, Thibault
name: Gopakumar, Achamveedu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the Effective One Body approach, that includes nonperturbative resummed estimates for the damping and conservative parts of the compact binary dynamics, we compute the recoil during the late inspiral and the subsequent plunge of non-spinning black holes of comparable masses moving in quasi-circular orbits. Further, using a prescription that smoothly connects the plunge phase to a perturbed single black hole, we obtain an estimate for the total recoil associated with the binary black hole coalescence. We show that the crucial physical feature which determines the magnitude of the terminal recoil is the presence of a ``burst'' of linear momentum flux emitted slightly before coalescence. When using the most natural expression for the linear momentum flux during the plunge, together with a Taylor-expanded $(v/c)^4$ correction factor, we find that the maximum value of the terminal recoil is $\sim 74$ km/s and occurs for a mass ratio $m_2/m_1 \simeq 0.38$. We comment, however, on the fact that the above `best bet estimate' is subject to strong uncertainties because the location and amplitude of the crucial peak of linear momentum flux happens at a moment during the plunge where most of the simplifying analytical assumptions underlying the Effective One Body approach are no longer justified. Changing the analytical way of estimating the linear momentum flux, we find maximum recoils that range between 49 and 172 km/s. (Abridged)
description: 46 pages, new figures and discussions, to appear in PRD
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 5 (276)]
Creators: name: Donina De Seroldonis
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1399
Subjects: subject: Sonstige weltliche Aussteller
subject: Notarsurkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Donina de Seroldonis, Tochter des verstorbenen Francischus und Witwe des Carlotus de Pegiis, wohnhaft an der Porta Nova in der Gemeinde St. Bartholomaei in Mailand, bestellt den consul Lanzarotus de Pegiis, Sohn der Donina sowie Sohn und Erbe des genannten Carlotus, zu ihrem Stellvertreter in Rechtsdingen.
Historical seismicity of the northeastern region of Russia: A perspective on the M7.6 earthquake on Koryakia, Russia
Creators: name: Bonilla, Emanuelle
name: Benz, Harley
name: VillaseĂąor, Antonio
name: Olds, Shelley
name: Petit, Joe
name: Silva, Armand
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2007

A major earthquake which occurred near Koryakia, Russian during April 20, 2006 is analyzed and given perspective in contrast with the historical seismicity, plate tectonics and the local geology of the area. The relevance of this earthquake is that it occurred in a complex geological area, where the locations of the plate boundaries are not well known and no major earthquakes were recorded since 1900. This event is evaluated through a comparison with past events and plate tectonic models. Our approach to analyzing the tectonic regime of the Koryakia region included conducting a survey of published articles on the geology of the area, mapping of the regional seismicity in ArcGIS and creating models of 3D visualization of the region using 3D Seismicity Viewer. An analysis of the resulting maps and models gives us a new perspective of what mechanisms triggered this major M7.6 earthquake that was the cause of leaving 40 people injured and some buildings and water supply systems badly damaged. The earthquake caused an estimated 55 million U.S. dollars worth of damage. The goal of this research has been to make a well structured tectonic summary, which can be used as a reference by the USGS and the scientific community for future events that may occur in or near the Koryakia region. Our research indicates that the possible cause of the event is a release in stress due to the compression near a proposed boundary between the Bering microplate and the North American plate.
Entanglement entropy, conformal invariance and extrinsic geometry
Creators: name: Solodukhin, Sergey N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We use the conformal invariance and the holographic correspondence to fully specify the dependence of entanglement entropy on the extrinsic geometry of the 2d surface $Σ$ that separates two subsystems of quantum strongly coupled ${\mathcal{N}}=4$ SU(N) superconformal gauge theory. We extend this result and calculate entanglement entropy of a generic 4d conformal field theory. As a byproduct, we obtain a closed-form expression for the entanglement entropy in flat space-time when $Σ$ is sphere $S_2$ and when $Σ$ is two-dimensional cylinder. The contribution of the type A conformal anomaly to entanglement entropy is always determined by topology of surface $Σ$ while the dependence of the entropy on the extrinsic geometry of $Σ$ is due to the type B conformal anomaly.
description: 12 pages; minor corrections in (4.8), (4.16); final version to appear in PLB
AXBOROTLASHGAN JAMIYATDA AVLODLARARO MUNOSABATLARNING DOLZARB MASALALARI
Creators: name: Turgunova Aziza Tashpulatovna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Annotatsiya: Maqolada avlod tushunchasi, axborotlashgan jamiyatda avlodlаraro munosаbаtlаr to‘qnаshuvi, konflikt, nizolarning kelib chiqishi, qаdriyаtlаrning mos kelmаsligi, otаlаr vа bolаlаrning bir-birigа munosаbаti, g‘аmxo‘rligi, uch аvlodning o‘zaro munosabatlarda bir-birini tushunishi, hurmаt ko‘rsаtishi, oilаviy qаdriyаtlаr, me’yorlаr, ideаllаr vа munosаbаtlаr insonning shаxs sifаtidа shаkllаnishi uchun fundаment bo‘lib xizmаt qilishi yoritilgan.
Search for non-resonant production of semi-visible jets using Run 2 data in ATLAS
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semi-visible jets, with a significant contribution to the event's missing transverse momentum, can arise in strongly interacting dark sectors. This results in an event topology where one of the jets can be aligned with the direction of the missing transverse momentum. The first search for semi-visible jets produced via a $t$-channel mediator exchange is presented. The analysis uses proton-proton collisions with an integrated luminosity of 139 fb$^{-1}$ and a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected with the ATLAS detector during the Run 2 of the LHC. No excess over Standard Model predictions is observed. Assuming a coupling strength of unity between the mediator, a Standard Model quark and a dark quark, mediator masses up to 2.7 TeV are excluded at the 95% confidence level. Upper limits on the coupling strength are also derived.
description: 35 pages in total, author list starting page 18, 6 figures, 2 tables. Published as Phys. Lett. B 848 (2024) 138324. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/EXOT-2022-37/
Urban growth boundary policy in comparative perspective : lessons learned and future policy directions for the Lower Mainland
Creators: name: Kozak, Edward W.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis places the growth management, specifically the urban growth boundary, policies of the Greater Vancouver Regional District and the Province of British Columbia in comparative perspective. The operative problem statement for this study is that current efforts at managing urban growth in the Lower Mainland are ambitious, but that they need to be made more robust. The specific methodologies used to address this problem statement include: a detailed review of the literature on urban growth boundaries and on growth management; a review of growth management policies relevant to containing urban growth in the Lower Mainland; and a detailed examination of the urban growth boundary policies of two case studies (Thurston County, Washington and Metro Portland, Oregon). The literature review reveals that urban growth boundaries are a simple concept, yet they are potentially troublesome policy considerations. As defined in the literature, urban growth boundaries are lines on a map that demarcate urban from rural land, thus setting a limit on urban expansion. The literature generally concludes that urban growth boundaries can be an extremely effective component to broader growth management programs, given a number of policy design considerations are taken into account. A thorough examination of current growth management initiatives in the Lower Mainland reveals that the substantive content of both the Livable Region Strategic Plan (1996) and the Growth Strategies Statutes Amendments Act, 1995 is "sustainable", albeit somewhat incomplete. In placing these policies in comparative perspective with the urban growth boundary policies of the two case studies, it is generally concluded that urban growth boundaries would contribute to current efforts at managing urban growth in the Lower Mainland by containing sprawl and ensuring the contiguity of urban development. Furthermore, it is argued that Provincial legislation should be amended in a way that outlines province-wide urban containment goals, ensures better interjurisdictional coordination of policies, and establishes enforcement mechanisms that include provisions for the application of sanctions upon noncompliant jurisdictions. Finally, while the case studies revealed some important information regarding urban containment in the Lower Mainland, they also served to confirm the information presented in the literature review, thus demonstrating consistency between theoretical notions of urban containment and practical experiences with urban growth boundaries.
Parallel Implementation of Distributed Global Optimization (DGO)
Creators: name: Valafar, Homayoun
name: Ersoy, Okan K.
name: Valafar, Farmaraz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Parallel implementations of distributed global optimization (DGO) [13] on MP-1 and NCUBE parallel computers revealed an approximate O(n) increase in the performance of this algorithm. Therefore, the implementation of the DGO on parallel processors can remedy the only draw back of this algorithm which is the O(n2) of execution time as the number of the dimensions increase. The speed up factor of the parallel implementations of DGO is measured with respect to the sequential execution time of the identical problem on SPARC IV computer. The best speed up was achieved by the SIMD implementation of the algorithm on the MP-1 with the total speedup of 126 for an optimization problem with n = 9. This optimization problem was distributed across 128 PEs of Mas-Par.
description: 6 pages published in pdpa 98. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2012.09252
Letter from J. Corbet at The Canadian Bank of Commerce to [James Goldie], February 12, 1915
Creators: name: Canadian Bank Of Commerce
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Letter to [James Goldie] from J. Corbet at The Canadian Bank of Commerce, dated February 12, 1915, advising James Goldie that the account is overdrawn and requesting he put in funds by the 15th.
Plate kinematics and mechanisms: A perspective on the 20 April 2006 M7.6 Koryakia, Russia earthquake
Creators: name: Boshell, Cynthia
name: Bonilla, Emanuelle
name: Benz, Harley
name: VillaseĂąor, Antonio
name: Angster, Steve
name: Boler, Fran
name: Eriksson, Susan
name: Thompson, Lennox
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2007

The occurrence of a Koryakia, Russia magnitude 7.6 earthquake during April 2006 was a mysterious and unusual event. Although the study area is geographically located near two major plates boundaries, the main event and those that followed may support evidence for existence of a microplate. This earthquake and its aftershocks were analyzed using historical seismicity, magnitude, depth, latitude, longitude, and focal mechanisms to determine seismic trends and kinematics. Harvard Centroid Moment Tensors (CMT) and P-axes were produced from the data collected during the events. Building upon existing knowledge of the local plate mechanisms, moment tensor data were analyzed and deformation patterns noted. The results showed trends in significant event epicenters and deformation patterns were used to identify two possible faults that were previously unknown. Data analysis from the events related to the 20 April 2006 shock is intended to add to the body of seismic knowledge for eastern Russia and provide a basis for future research that attempts to clarify microplate plate boundaries and Koryakia's kinematics.
Polariton quantum boxes in semiconductor microcavities
Creators: name: Daïf, Ounsi El
name: Baas, Augustin
name: Guillet, Thierry
name: Brantut, Jean-Philippe
name: Idrissi-Kaitouni, Reda
name: Staehli, Jean-Louis
name: Morier-Genoud, Francois
name: Deveaud, Benoit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the realization of polariton quantum boxes in a semiconductor microcavity under strong coupling regime. The quantum boxes consist of mesas that confine the cavity photon, etched on top of the spacer of a microcavity. For mesas with sizes of the order of a few micron in width and nm in depth, we observe quantization, caused by the lateral confinement, of the polariton modes in several peaks. We evidence the strong exciton-photon coupling regime through a typical/clear anticrossing curve for each quantized level. Moreover the growth technique is of high quality, which opens the way for the conception of new optoelectronic devices.
Thermal QCD in a non-uniform magnetic background
Creators: name: Brandt, B. B.
name: Cuteri, F.
name: Endrődi, G.
name: Markó, G.
name: Sandbote, L.
name: Valois, A. D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Off-central heavy-ion collisions are known to feature magnetic fields with magnitudes and characteristic gradients corresponding to the scale of the strong interactions. In this work, we employ equilibrium lattice simulations of the underlying theory, QCD, involving similar inhomogeneous magnetic field profiles to achieve a better understanding of this system. We simulate three flavors of dynamical staggered quarks with physical masses at a range of magnetic fields and temperatures, and extrapolate the results to the continuum limit. Analyzing the impact of the field on the quark condensate and the Polyakov loop, we find non-trivial spatial features that render the QCD medium qualitatively different as in the homogeneous setup, especially at temperatures around the transition. In addition, we construct leading-order chiral perturbation theory for the inhomogeneous background and compare its prediction to our lattice results at low temperature. Our findings will be useful to benchmark effective theories and low-energy models of QCD for a better description of peripheral heavy-ion collisions.
description: 24 pages, 15 figures
Development of a power and communications system for remote autonomous GPS and seismic stations in Antarctica
Creators: name: Almeida, Ezer
name: White, Seth
name: Prescott, William
name: Beldyk, Matt
name: Ngo, Nicole
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2007

We are addressing the challenge of operating a permenent GPS station in the harsh environment in Antarctica. The power and communications systems must operate year-round in the polar region where it is freezing, windy, and dark during the winter. We are working on three major parts of the GPS station: improving the power system, communication system, and mechanical design. We are investigating four areas related to the design of permanent GPS stations for the polar regions. 1) Analysis of wind power data was performed to compare wind speed versus power generated from wind turbine. 2) A test series was performed by applying varying voltages to power ports A and B of a GPS receiver. This was done to understand the power switching behavior of the receiver when it is powered from two independent sources. 3) A battery tester was evaluated to determine its accuracy. This tester may be used by engineers in the field to evaluate battery health, so ensuring its accuracy is critical. 4) Testing to determine GPS receiver and Iridium antenna interference was also done. This testing focused on understanding what distance between antennas was necessary to reduce the interference. The data and experiments with the equipment produced helpful results for the project and will improve permanent GPS technology for the polar regions.
Quantum circuits for measuring weak values, Kirkwood--Dirac quasiprobability distributions, and state spectra
Creators: name: Wagner, Rafael
name: Schwartzman-Nowik, Zohar
name: Paiva, Ismael L.
name: Te'eni, Amit
name: Ruiz-Molero, Antonio
name: Barbosa, Rui Soares
name: Cohen, Eliahu
name: Galvão, Ernesto F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weak values and Kirkwood--Dirac (KD) quasiprobability distributions have been independently associated with both foundational issues in quantum theory and advantages in quantum metrology. We propose simple quantum circuits to measure weak values, KD distributions, and spectra of density matrices without the need for post-selection. This is achieved by measuring unitary-invariant, relational properties of quantum states, which are functions of Bargmann invariants, the concept that underpins our unified perspective. Our circuits also enable experimental implementation of various functions of KD distributions, such as out-of-time-ordered correlators (OTOCs) and the quantum Fisher information in post-selected parameter estimation, among others. An upshot is a unified view of nonclassicality in all those tasks. In particular, we discuss how negativity and imaginarity of Bargmann invariants relate to set coherence.
description: 27+6 pages, 7+5 figures. v2: new sections 2.3, 2.4, 3, 4.5, revised structure. v3: improved section 5, added references. Comments are welcome!
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 4 (85)]
Creators: name: Guillelmus
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1321
Subjects: subject: Sonstige weltliche Aussteller
subject: Notarsurkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Guillelmus, genannt Petellollus, Sohn des verstorbenen Dominicus de Proxerbio, wohnhaft in Sueglio, verkauft dem Marchius de Buzenigo, Mönch des Klosters von Civate, ein Stück Land auf dem Gebiet von Civate an einem Ort, genannt Laredonora. Es folgt ein weiterer Rechtsakt.
The Minimal Quiver Standard Model
Creators: name: Berenstein, David
name: Pinansky, Samuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper discusses the minimal quiver gauge theory embedding of the standard model that could arise from brane world type string theory constructions. It is based on the low energy effective field theory of D-branes in the perturbative regime. The model differs from the standard model by the addition of one extra massive gauge boson, and contains only one additional parameter to the standard model: the mass of this new particle. The coupling of this new particle to the standard model is uniquely determined by input from the standard model and consistency conditions of perturbative string theory. We also study some aspects of the phenomenology of this model and bounds on its possible observation at the Large Hadron Collider.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure. v2: minor correction, added reference. v3: added references. Typos fixed. Improved discussion
Properties of Compact Faint Radio Sources as a Function of Angular Size from Stacking
Creators: name: Johnston, Ryan S.
name: Stil, Jeroen M.
name: Keller, Ben W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The polarization properties of radio sources powered by an Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN) have attracted considerable attention because of the significance of magnetic fields in the physics of these sources, their use as probes of plasma along the line of sight, and as a possible contaminant of polarization measurements of the cosmic microwave background. For each of these applications, a better understanding of the statistics of polarization in relation to source characteristics is crucial. In this paper, we derive the median fractional polarization, $Π_{0, \rm med}$, of large samples of radio sources with 1.4 GHz flux density $6.6 < S_{1.4} < 70$ mJy, by stacking 1.4 GHz NVSS polarized intensity as a function of angular size derived from the FIRST survey. Five samples with deconvolved mean angular size 1.8" to 8.2" and two samples of symmetric double sources are analyzed. These samples represent most sources smaller than or near the median angular size of the mJy radio source population We find that the median fractional polarization $Π_{0,\rm med}$ at 1.4 GHz is a strong function of source angular size less than ~5" and a weak function of angular size for larger sources up to ~8". We interpret our results as depolarization inside the AGN host galaxy and its circumgalactic medium. The curvature of the low-frequency radio spectrum is found to anti-correlate with $Π_{0,\rm med}$, a further sign that depolarization is related to the source.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal. Fixed a few typos and reference links in submission 23 Jan 2021
Spectroscopic flat-fields can be used for precision CCD gain and noise tests
Creators: name: Robertson, J. Gordon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the basic parameters of a CCD camera is its gain, i.e. the number of detected electrons per output Analogue to Digital Unit (ADU). This is normally determined by finding the statistical variances from a series of flat-field exposures with nearly constant levels over substantial areas, and making use of the fact that photon (Poisson) noise has variance equal to the mean. However, when a CCD has been installed in a spectroscopic instrument fed by numerous optical fibres, or with an echelle format, it is no longer possible to obtain illumination that is constant over large areas. Instead of making do with selected small areas, it is shown here that the wide variation of signal level in a spectroscopic `flat-field' can be used to obtain accurate values of the CCD gain, needing only a matched pair of exposures (that differ in their realisation of the noise). Once the gain is known, the CCD readout noise (in electrons) is easily found from a pair of bias frames. Spatial stability of the image in the two flat-fields is important, although correction of minor shifts is shown to be possible, at the expense of further analysis.
description: 8 pages, 6 Figures; accepted for publication in PASA
A new approach to GPS multipath visualization
Creators: name: Thompson, Lennox
name: Axelrad, Penina
name: Aragon, David
name: Cabbagestalk, Kim
name: Goodman, Keith
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2006

Multipath is a condition where the transmitted radio signal is reflected by physical features or structures, creating multiple reflections of the same signal arriving at the receiver at different times. The result is degradation in signal strength of the transmitted signal from the satellite to the GPS antenna. Multipath occurs when transmitted signals do not go directly to the GPS antenna, but rather arrive from different parts of the environment. These additional reflected signals causes distortion of the direct signal to GPS antennas, but proper positioning can minimize multipath error. Reception of bounced signals at the antenna causes erroneous data from the GPS receiver which results in inaccurate measurement of position. The GPS receiver has trouble distinguishing between reflected signals from direct signals and that is some of the problems multipath produces. To minimize the multipath error, positioning the GPS antenna from a location that is less susceptible to multipath can help the receiver accept amplified signals. Furthermore, a MATLAB simulation was developed previously that predicts multipath based on site analysis data to generate the plot of vectors on a Digital Terrain Model (DTM).This work produces a three dimensional plot of ray paths when signals are being transmitted from a satellite. This ray path visualization enables a user to properly position a GPS antenna to minimize the multipath error.
Towards Foundation Models for Scientific Machine Learning: Characterizing Scaling and Transfer Behavior
Creators: name: Subramanian, Shashank
name: Harrington, Peter
name: Keutzer, Kurt
name: Bhimji, Wahid
name: Morozov, Dmitriy
name: Mahoney, Michael
name: Gholami, Amir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Pre-trained machine learning (ML) models have shown great performance for a wide range of applications, in particular in natural language processing (NLP) and computer vision (CV). Here, we study how pre-training could be used for scientific machine learning (SciML) applications, specifically in the context of transfer learning. We study the transfer behavior of these models as (i) the pre-trained model size is scaled, (ii) the downstream training dataset size is scaled, (iii) the physics parameters are systematically pushed out of distribution, and (iv) how a single model pre-trained on a mixture of different physics problems can be adapted to various downstream applications. We find that-when fine-tuned appropriately-transfer learning can help reach desired accuracy levels with orders of magnitude fewer downstream examples (across different tasks that can even be out-of-distribution) than training from scratch, with consistent behavior across a wide range of downstream examples. We also find that fine-tuning these models yields more performance gains as model size increases, compared to training from scratch on new downstream tasks. These results hold for a broad range of PDE learning tasks. All in all, our results demonstrate the potential of the "pre-train and fine-tune" paradigm for SciML problems, demonstrating a path towards building SciML foundation models. We open-source our code for reproducibility.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 4 (87)]
Creators: name: , Albertus
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1321
Subjects: subject: Sonstige geistliche Aussteller
subject: Notarsurkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Albertus de Scaratis, Praepositus der Kirche St. Cataldi [in Cremona], belehnt Johannes de Gadio, Sohn des verstorbenen Petrus de Gadio, und Pecinus de Belengleriis, Sohn des verstorbenen Zaninus de Belengleriis, beide aus Sesto [ed Uniti] im Bistum Cremona und derzeit wohnhaft in der Nachbarschaft von St. Crucis in Cremona, mit einem Stück Land, gelegen im Stadtgebiet Cremonas.
Quantifying Deep Learning Model Uncertainty in Conformal Prediction
Creators: name: Karimi, Hamed
name: Samavi, Reza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Precise estimation of predictive uncertainty in deep neural networks is a critical requirement for reliable decision-making in machine learning and statistical modeling, particularly in the context of medical AI. Conformal Prediction (CP) has emerged as a promising framework for representing the model uncertainty by providing well-calibrated confidence levels for individual predictions. However, the quantification of model uncertainty in conformal prediction remains an active research area, yet to be fully addressed. In this paper, we explore state-of-the-art CP methodologies and their theoretical foundations. We propose a probabilistic approach in quantifying the model uncertainty derived from the produced prediction sets in conformal prediction and provide certified boundaries for the computed uncertainty. By doing so, we allow model uncertainty measured by CP to be compared by other uncertainty quantification methods such as Bayesian (e.g., MC-Dropout and DeepEnsemble) and Evidential approaches.
description: Accepted in AAAI Second Symposium on Human Partnership with Medical AI: Design, Operationalization, and Ethics
Primordial black holes and asteroid danger
Creators: name: Shatskiy, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Probability for a primordial black hole to invade the Kuiper belt was calculated. We showed that primordial black holes of certain masses can significantly change asteroids' orbits. These events may result in disasters, local for our solar system and global for the Earth (like the Tunguska meteorite). We also estimated how often such events occur.
description: 5 pages
GPS data processing via GAMIT/GLOBK: Applications to the East Africa Rift
Creators: name: Hernandez, Stephen
name: Calais, Eric
name: Pascal, Blaise
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2006

Although the East African Rift (EAR) is often cited as the premier example of incipient rifting, the shear size and often times inaccessibility of the rift imply limited analysis and interpretation of the physical processes controlling EAR deformation. Existing geodetic data are wholly inadequate to address the direction and distribution of extensional strain along and across this incipient plate boundary zone. GPS measurements in the EAR are critical to finally establish the kinematic framework of rifting. New GPS measurements spanning the Western and Eastern rifts in Tanzania, combined with the distant data on the surrounding plates, will provide the kinematics of deformation across and along the length of the EAR. A new 5-year project with 3 GPS campaigns (years 1, 3, and 5) distributed across Tanzania will help us obtain interpretable results with a total extension rate across the EAR on the order of 5 mm/yr. In particular, they will allow us to test and further refine the counter-clockwise rotation model of the Tanzanian craton suggested by the very scarce geodetic data currently available. GPS measurements will also provide strain distribution across and along the Western and Eastern rifts. In addition to horizontal motions, GPS measurements will provide vertical displacements, critical to test for present-day uplift of the African plateau predicted from the African Superplume upwelling. Using the GAMITIGLOBK suite of GPS processing software, we present a new, preliminary determination of the horizontal velocities at the EAR at Tanzanian latitudes.
title: Staatliche Steuerungsmöglichkeiten zur Förderung des Teilens von Forschungsdaten
Creators: name: Overkamp, Philipp
name: Tormin, Miriam
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Deutschland
subject: 344

description: Ordnung der Wissenschaft, no. 1, p. 39
Strong-interaction matter under extreme conditions from chiral quark models with nonlocal separable interactions
Creators: name: Dumm, D. Gomez
name: Carlomagno, J. P.
name: Scoccola, N. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the current status of the research on effective nonlocal NJL-like chiral quark models with separable interactions, focusing on the application of this approach to the description of the properties of hadronic and quark matter under extreme conditions. The analysis includes the predictions for various hadron properties in vacuum, as well as the study of the features of deconfinement and chiral restoration phase transitions for systems at finite temperature and/or density. We also address other related subjects, such as the study of phase transitions for imaginary chemical potentials, the possible existence of inhomogeneous phase regions, the presence of color superconductivity, the effects produced by strong external magnetic fields, and the application to the description of compact stellar objects.
description: 93 pages, 40 figures
Anderson Localization, Non-linearity and Stable Genetic Diversity
Creators: name: Epstein, Charles L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In many models of genotypic evolution, the vector of genotype populations satisfies a system of linear ordinary differential equations. This system of equations models a competition between differential replication rates (fitness) and mutation. Mutation operates as a generalized diffusion process on genotype space. In the large time asymptotics, the replication term tends to produce a single dominant quasispecies, unless the mutation rate is too high, in which case the populations of different genotypes becomes de-localized. We introduce a more macroscopic picture of genotypic evolution wherein a random replication term in the linear model displays features analogous to Anderson localization. When coupled with non-linearities that limit the population of any given genotype, we obtain a model whose large time asymptotics display stable genotypic diversity
description: 25 pages, 8 Figures
Modeling vertical deformation associated with the 1931 Mach Earthquake, Pakistan
Creators: name: Garcia, Miriam
name: Szeliga, Walter
name: Bilham, Roger
name: Boler, Fran
name: Coloma, Francine
name: Hernandez, Stephen
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2006

The Kirthar Range in western Pakistan is the result of east-west compression caused by the indentation of the Indian Plate into the Eurasian Plate. The 1931 Mw 7.3 Mach earthquake resulted in 65 cm of local uplift on a leveling line through the Bolan Pass in the northern Kirthar Range. Previous studies model the fault as an east-dipping blind thrust with a top depth of 4 km and a bottom depth of 35 km, yet geologic cross-sections illustrate a blind wedge thrust system verging to the east with a horizontal dĂŠcollement at 8 km. However, extensive simulations of slip on this inferred structure suggest that this subsurface geometry cannot be responsible for slip in the Mach earthquake. A west-dipping thrust was also considered a viable fault, as it was geologically capable of producing the anticlinal fold seen at the Bolan Pass. Forward elastic-modeling methods applied to the west dipping thrust showed that the earthquake could not have occurred on a simple fault of this form either. A new approach, merging the wedge and west-dipping geometries may ultimately explain what happened in the 1931 earthquake sequence. Understanding fault constraints in Bolan Pass will give insight into correlations between Mach earthquake and other seismic events during the 1930's.