cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Role of Pocket Proteins pRb and p107 in Radial Migration and Axon Guidance through Cell Cycle Independent Mechanisms
Creators: name: Svoboda, Devon
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2015
Subjects: Pocket Proteins
Axon Guidance
Corpus Callosum
Radial Migration
Cell Cycle
In Utero Electroporation

description: Pocket proteins (pRb, p107 and p130) are well studied in the role of regulating cell proliferation by controlling progression through the G1/S phase of the cell cycle. Increasing genetic and anatomical evidence suggests that these proteins also control early differentiation and even later stages of cell maturation including neural migration. However, the multifaceted functions of pocket proteins in the regulation of cell proliferation and cell death has complicated our interpretation of their role during development. As a result, the mechanisms through which pocket proteins regulate neuronal migration and neural maturation remain unknown. Using a pRb and p107 double knock out model, we show that a population of upper layer cortical neurons fails to pass through the intermediate zone into the cortical plate. Importantly, these neurons are born at the appropriate time and have exited the cell cycle. In addition, the role of pocket proteins in radial migration is independent cell death, since this migration defect cannot be rescued by eliminating ectopic cell death through Bax deletion. We also show a novel role of pRb and p107 in development of the dorsal midline and guidance of callosal axons. In the absence of pRb and p107, the structures of the commissural plate are highly disorganized and the callosal axons fail to cross the midline. We identify primary defects in axon extension and expression of multiple guidance cues, which can be observed prior to the disorganization of the midline axon guidance structures. Through the use of in vitro cortical explants and in utero electroporation, we identify defects in the rate of axon extension and directional guidance independent from the midline. In addition, protein levels of Netrin and Neuropilin-1 are decreased in the absence of pRb and p107, which could mediate the function of pocket proteins in guiding callosal axons. Indeed, we identify a previously undescribed population of Netrin expressing cells in the cingulate cortex of control embryos which is lost in the pRb/p107 deficient littermates. We propose that these cells play a significant role in callosal axon guidance during normal development. The results presented in this dissertation define multiple novel roles of pRb and p107 in the regulation of radial migration and axon guidance, independent from the role of these pocket proteins in cell death and proliferation.
Characterizing the Relationship between Pressure Loading and Skin Temperature in Pressure Ulcer Risk Patients
Creators: name: Schillinger, Moritz
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2023

description: Background: Pressure ulcers (PUs) are defined as an area of localized damage to the skin and underlying tissue caused primarily by sustained pressure loading. PUs are a widespread problem that poses a tremendous burden to the healthcare system and the quality of life of the affected individuals. Objectives: This thesis characterized the relationship between skin temperature and pressure in patients with high PU risk by analyzing how the skin temperature reacted to notable pressure changes and different types of pressure loadings. In addition, we investigated whether different preconditions, that are related to PU formation, affected a patient's skin temperature. Methods: We used a medical wearable to continuously monitor skin temperature and pressure in 60 hospital patients at high risk of developing PUs. to locate pressure loadings in the recorded time series, we evaluated different peak detection algorithms. The pressure loadings were further subdivided using k-means clustering. To analyze the skin temperature reaction to the identified pressure loadings, we used spike-triggered averaging (STA). Additionally, we explored the potential of artificial neural networks to predict pressure sensor curves solely based on skin temperature measurements. Results: We recorded a total of 285 days, 14 hours and 12 minutes of skin temperature measurements from which we extracted 870 individual pressure events. The STA analysis revealed a strong positive correlation between pressure and skin temperature. The rise in skin temperature was proportional to the duration of the pressure loading. Patients with a previous history of PU development seemed to have changed their position less frequently compared to patients without PU history. They also showed a significantly lower average skin temperature, compared to patients without preconditions. Conclusions: A significant rise in skin temperature within a short timeframe indicates increased pressure loading on the skin and could serve as a predictor for PU development. Furthermore, a low average skin temperature could be linked to a previous history of PU formation, which is why we suspect that low skin temperature may be a risk factor for PU development.
Manufacturing Three-dimensional Carbon-fibre Preforms for Aerospace Composites
Creators: name: Drivas, Thanos
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2014
Subjects: Mechanical testing
Tow deposition
Fibre steering
Dry fibre placement
Bending
Draping
Compaction

description: Carbon fibre reinforced polymer matrix composites (CF PMCs) are increasingly used in state-of-the-art aerospace applications. Aerospace manufacturers favour components made of CF PMCs over those made of traditional metallic alloys because of their light weight and corrosion resistance, which lead to significant improvements in fuel consump- tion, increased payload capability, and reduced maintenance and inspection costs. How- ever, manufacturing of CF PMC components is performed differently than traditional material in all stages – design, prototyping and production – and therefore, many com- mercial manufacturers have only recently begun producing components with CF PMCs. The first half of this thesis was written as a contribution to the CRIAQ COMP-501 project, which focusses on investigating the cost-effective procurement of airframe com- ponents that are manufactured from final-thickness, net-shaped, and through-thickness reinforced CF preforms. Reinforcement preforms were assembled from commercial 2D woven fabric using stacks of various configurations of structural through-thickness CF stitch. The contribution herein provides the results obtained from investigations into the mechanical behaviour of the relevant reinforcements, when subjected to pre-infusion op- erations typical to RTM VARTM; mechanical behaviour in compaction, shear (draping) and bending (forming). The second half of this thesis presents the major developments which were made to an alternative process for producing thick 3D preforms with great versatility, a process originally proposed as a candidate for supplying preforms to the COMP-501 project. This process interfaces a proprietary kinematic drape optimization (CAD) software with proprietary automated dry fibre placement assembly (CAM) machinery to produce vari- able or final-thickness reinforcements which are highly-drapable and can lay steered tow yarns.
Tracking Optimization in Agrivoltaic Systems: A Comparative Study for Apple Orchards
Creators: name: Bruno, Maddalena
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2022
Subjects: Agrivoltaics
Optimization
Light sharing
Apple Orchards

description: Agrivoltaic (APV) systems, based on the co-location of solar panels and crops, are an innovative solution to land-use conflicts that often arise between agriculture and energy production. Their optimal functioning starts with efficient management and sharing of light between solar panels and underlying plants. This is where tracking systems come into play, as they offer the flexibility needed to strike a balance between energy production and crop growth. This thesis presents several tracking optimization techniques that focus on the availability and distribution of light. To simulate and analyze the performance of these strategies, a simulation model was created, with reference to a Fraunhofer ISE research project in Bavendorf, Germany where semi-transparent solar panels are installed over an apple orchard. The chosen developmental environment was Simtool, a Fraunhofer Python package based on the ray-tracing tool Radiance. Considering the computational cost of the simulation, a Bayesian black-box optimization algorithm was leveraged to relieve the latter from such a computational burden. For the first scenario, the goal was to maximise the radiation reaching solar panels.The algorithm developed, Diffuse-Track Optimization, proved particularly effective during overcast days, allowing daily energy gains of up to 9%. Plants were prioritized in the second scenario, Trees-Track Optimization with the goal of minimising their shading rates, which were seen to fall below 10% despite the presence of the tracking system. Lastly, a compromise between the two objectives was achieved in the final scenario through an overall optimization approach, called APV-Track Optimization. By assigning equal importance to the irradiation reaching trees and that which reaches photovoltaic panels, shading rates of less than 40% can be guaranteed throughout the year, with a reduction of the electrical yield by only 8% compared to backtracking conditions. The study showcased the potential of the proposed methodology, representing a good starting point to develop holistic optimisations methods that are still lacking in the literature. Future developments will reduce runtime costs, integrate weather forecasts and validate results by means of accurate field measurements.
Estimating Vertical Ground Reaction Force during Walking Using a Single Inertial Sensor
Creators: name: Jiang, Xianta
name: Napier, Christopher
name: Hannigan, Brett
name: Eng, Janice
name: Menon, Carlo
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2020

description: The vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) and its passive and active peaks are important gait parameters and of great relevance for musculoskeletal injury analysis and prevention, the detection of gait abnormities, and the evaluation of lower-extremity prostheses. Most currently available methods to estimate the vGRF require a force plate. However, in real-world scenarios, gait monitoring would not be limited to a laboratory setting. This paper reports a novel solution using machine learning algorithms to estimate the vGRF and the timing and magnitude of its peaks from data collected by a single inertial measurement unit (IMU) on one of the lower limb locations. Nine volunteers participated in this study, walking on a force plate-instrumented treadmill at various speeds. Four IMUs were worn on the foot, shank, distal thigh, and proximal thigh, respectively. A random forest model was employed to estimate the vGRF from data collected by each of the IMUs. We evaluated the performance of the models against the gold standard measurement of the vGRF generated by the treadmill. The developed model achieved a high accuracy with a correlation coefficient, root mean square error, and normalized root mean square error of 1.00, 0.02 body weight (BW), and 1.7% in intra-participant testing, and 0.97, 0.10 BW, and 7.15% in inter-participant testing, respectively, for the shank location. The difference between the reference and estimated passive force peak values was 0.02 BW and 0.14 BW with a delay of −0.14% and 0.57% of stance duration for the intra- and inter-participant testing, respectively; the difference between the reference and estimated active force peak values was 0.02 BW and 0.08 BW with a delay of 0.45% and 1.66% of stance duration for the intra- and inter-participant evaluation, respectively. We concluded that vertical ground reaction force can be estimated using only a single IMU via machine learning algorithms. This research sheds light on the development of a portable wearable gait monitoring system reporting the real-time vGRF in real-life scenarios.
Detection and Compensation of Electro-Acoustic Impulse Response of Transducer in Ultrasound Imaging using Coded Excitation
Creators: name: Abdelkerim, Ahmed
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2025
Subjects: ultrasound imaging
electro-acoustic impulse response
Wiener filter

description: Ultrasound imaging is widely used in non-destructive testing and medical diagnostics, which makes it worthy of study and development. In pulse-echo ultrasound imaging, the measurement area is imaged by transmitting ultrasound signals from band-limited ultrasound transducers and quantifying the delays and amplitudes of the returning echoes. However, during the process of converting the advantageous coded electrical excitation signals into acoustic signals and vice versa, the signals are distorted by the electro-acoustic impulse response of the band-limited transducer. This reduces the advantageous properties of coded signals, such as their favourable autocorrelation characteristics at the receiver. In this thesis, a study for ultrasound imaging background topics, like signal modulation and convolution, will be followed by a simulation model to visualize the effects of the transducer impulse response. This corruption is then reduced by using a Wiener filter at the receiver as a deconvolution method. Finally, a comparison is made between the results of using and not using a filter at the receiver, which shows that the Wiener filter improves the final results.
description: Bei der Impuls-Echo-Ultraschall-Bildgebung wird der Messbereich durch Aussendung von Ultraschallsignalen aus bandbegrenzten Ultraschallwandlern und Quantifizierung der Verzögerungen und Amplituden der zurückkehrenden Echos abgebildet. Bei der Umwandlung der kodierten elektrischen Anregungssignale in akustische Signale und umgekehrt werden die Signale durch die elektroakustische Impulsantwort des bandbegrenzten Ultraschallwandlers verzerrt. Dadurch werden die vorteilhaften Eigenschaften kodierter Signale, wie z.B. ihre günstige Autokorrelationscharakteristik am Empfänger, reduziert. In dieser Arbeit wird nach einer Studie über die Hintergründe der Ultraschallbildgebung ein Simulationsmodell erstellt, um die Auswirkungen der Transducer-Impulsantwort zu veranschaulichen. Diese Verfälschung wird dann durch die Verwendung eines Wiener Filters am Empfänger als Entfaltungsmethode reduziert. Abschließend wird ein Vergleich zwischen den Ergebnissen bei Verwendung und Nichtverwendung eines Filters am Empfänger vorgestellt.
Multilingual Children's Mathematical Reasoning
Creators: name: Assaf, Fatima
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Multilingual learners
subject: Reasoning
subject: Problem solving
subject: Collaboration

description: This research adopts a sociocultural framework (Vygotsky, 1978) to investigate how multilingual children express their mathematical reasoning during collaborative problem solving. The topic is important because North America is becoming increasingly multicultural, and according to mathematics teachers this has complicated the challenges of teaching and learning mathematics. Many educators assume that children should be competent in the language of instruction before they engage with mathematical content (Civil, 2008; Gorgorió & Planas, 2001). A review of recent research in this area challenges the idea that multilingual students need to have mastered the official language of instruction prior to learning mathematics (Barwell, 2005; Civil, 2008; Moschkovich, 2007). These researchers demonstrate that the knowledge of the language of instruction is only one aspect of becoming competent in mathematics. My research was designed to build on the findings of the current research on multilingual children’s reasoning in order to more fully understand how multilingual children express their mathematical understanding and reasoning. For this study, two multilingual families, each with 3 children between the ages of 8 and 12, participated in a mathematical problem-solving activity. Findings show the children’s mathematical reasoning was evidence-based drawing on mathematical knowledge and world knowledge.
Analysis of Fatigue Damage in Unidirectional Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer Material
Creators: name: Abdul Hamid, Zalikha Murni
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2022
Subjects: Unidirectional CFRP
Fatigue
Damage model
Micromechanical fatigue test
Failure mechanisms

description: Carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) is known for its high strength-to-weight ratio compared to other materials. However, under fatigue loading the CFRP response is complex. Hence, knowledge in macro- and microscopic level is required to fully understand its fatigue damage. Unfortunately, it is not easily accessible from standard testing alone. Here, the analysis of damage in unidirectional CFRP under fatigue loading is discussed. A new experimental method to study fatigue on micro-level material response, which requires a novel sample preparation process, was developed. The analysis is based on S-N curve, in-situ observation, and fracture surface of selected micro-specimens. The new method provides comparable quality to that of standard testing while bringing microscopic insight. Further, a new fatigue model of CFRP, based on anisotropic linear elastic Hooke’s law, was proposed. It includes three damage variables linked to the microplastic work dissipation. It was implemented in Abaqus and validated against macro- and micro-specimens. It accurately predicts the fatigue lifetime at both macro and micro levels. A new improved formulation of fatigue model is also briefly discussed.
Excessive internet use: the role of personality, loneliness and social support networks in internet addiction
Creators: name: Hardie, Elizabeth A.
name: Tee, Ming Yi
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: An online survey of 96 adults showed that, based on Young's (1998) criteria for the Internet Addiction Test, 40% of the sample could be classified as average internet users, 52% as problem over-users and 8% as pathologically addicted to the internet. The three groups differed on a range of factors, with over-users and addicts spending increasingly more time in online activities, being more neurotic and less extraverted, more socially anxious and emotionally lonely, and gaining greater support from internet social networks than average internet users. Further analysis revealed that only neuroticism and perceived support from online social networks were significant predictors of excessive internet use. In addition, overusers were found to be younger and less experienced in computer use than average or addicted users. Further research is needed to explicate the role of personality and track the possible pathways from novice over-use to eventual average use or pathological addiction.
Housing and Homelessness: Two Models of the Relationship Between Quality of Life, Physical Health, and Mental Health
Creators: name: Andrea, Andrea Ximena
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2015
Subjects: Quality of Life
Homelessness
Physical Health
Mental Health
Structural equation modelling
SEM

description: With the increase in quality of life (QoL) research in recent years and its relationship to physical and mental health, building a model of these relationships is an important pursuit for researchers with the aim of creating targeted social policy and programs. Two studies were designed to test a model of the relationship between quality of life, physical health, and mental health on two different groups in the National-Capital region: a housed sample and a homeless and vulnerably housed sample. Study 1 consisted of 1,339 adults who took part in the 2007-2008 Canadian Community Health Survey and were stably housed in either a rented or owned residence. Study 2 consisted of 395 single adults who participated in the City of Ottawa baseline measure of the Health and Housing in Transition (HHiT) study (Hwang, Aubry, et al., 2011) and were homeless or vulnerably housed. Subjective levels of various physical and mental health indicators were measured for each of the samples, along with subjective quality of life indicators. Of interest in each of the studies was: 1) The effect that physical and mental health factors have on quality of life in each of the samples, and 2) determining if mental health or physical health is a better predictor of quality of life. Structural analysis of the housed sample model resulted in both physical and mental health having a significant positive effect on QoL, although neither physical nor mental health was a better predictor of quality of life. For the homeless and vulnerably housed model, structural analysis determined mental health to have a significant direct positive effect on QoL, while physical health showed a non-significant negative effect. Mental health was determined to be a significantly better predictor of QoL in the homeless and vulnerably housed model, accounting for 30.47 percent of the variance in quality of life. Implications of this research are discussed.
Expression of Concern to : Comparison of outcomes in patients with methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) bacteremia who are treated with β-lactam vs vancomycin empiric therapy: a retrospective cohort study
Creators: name: Wong, Davie
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2020

description: An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.The original article can be found online at https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879- 016-1564-5.
Entwicklung eines Algorithmus zur Aggregierung von energetischer Flexibilität mittels Machine Learning Verfahren unter Berücksichtigung des elektrischen Netzes
Creators: name: Hartmann, Nick
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2022

description: Durch den notwendigen und geforderten Ausbau von regenerativen Erzeugungsanlagen, Wärmepumpen (WP) und WP kann es aufgrund hoher Last- und Erzeugungsspitzen zu Netzengpässen und -überlastungen kommen. Um einen Netzausbau oder die Abregelungen von regenerativen Erzeugern zu vermeiden, können Flexibilitäten wie Speicher oder Anlagensteuerung dieses Verhalten kompensieren. Dazu sind neue Ansätze in der Netzberechnung und Systembeschreibung notwendig: Der zellulare Ansatz teilt das Energienetz in virtuelle Zellen, welche Erzeugung und Bedarf selbstständig regulieren und übrige Flexibilität der überlagerten Zelle bereitstellen. Aufgrund von Netzrestriktionen sind die Leistungsbereiche von regelbaren Lasten und Erzeugern und somit die maximale Flexibilität in den meisten Fällen eingeschränkt. Unter Berücksichtigung der Netzrestriktionen werden zulässige Grenzpunkte der regelbaren Anlagen in dieser Arbeit mittels einem Machine Learning (ML) Ansatz bestimmt. Anhand von zwei Benchmark-Netz (BN) und generierten Jahreszeitreihen für das Jahr 2050 wurde ein Reinforcement Learning (RL) Ansatz zur Flexibilitätsaggregierung entwickelt. Mit einer Inferenzzeit von unter einer Sekunde prognostizieren die entwickelten RL-Agents zu jeder Zeit zulässige Anlagenzustände, ohne eine Überschreitung der Netzrestriktionen zu verursachen. Die Bestimmung der Flexibilität anhand des kleineren BN 1 liegt zu 100 % im definierten angestrebten Bereich und zeigt die Machbarkeit der Flexibilitätsaggregierung durch RL. Für das komplexere BN 2 liegen 70 % der aggregierten Flexibilitäten im angestrebten Bereich, wobei aufgrund der Netzgröße weitere Trainingsepisoden zu einer verbesserten Performance führen. Nach der Implementierung von Speichern konnten die RL-Agents keine verbesserten Ergebnisse aufweisen. Eine Anpassung der Trainingsdaten mit Fokus auf netzkritischen Zeitpunkten bietet für weitere Untersuchungen die Möglichkeit, eine verbesserte Performance der Agents zu erzielen. Generell ist durch Anpassung der Netzrestriktionen und Netztopologie der RL-Ansatz auf beliebige Zellgrößen anwendbar und die Flexibilitätsaggregierung nach einer Trainingsphase im Vergleich zu iterativen Lösungsverfahren ohne größeren Rechenaufwand möglich.
Localized Ant Colony of Robots for Redeployment in Wireless Sensor Networks
Creators: name: Wang, Yuan
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2014
Subjects: Wireless sensor network
Sensor relocation
Ant-based algorithm
Robot-assisted algorithm

description: Sensor failures or oversupply in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), especially initial random deployment, create both spare sensors (whose area is fully covered by other sensors) and sensing holes. We envision a team of robots to relocate sensors and improve their area coverage. Existing algorithms, including centralized ones and the only localized G-R3S2, move only spare sensors and have limited improvement because non-spare sensors, with area coverage mostly overlapped by neighbour sensors, are not moved, and additional sensors are deployed to fill existing holes. We propose a localized algorithm, called Localized Ant-based Sensor Relocation Algorithm with Greedy Walk (LASR-G), where each robot may carry at most one sensor and makes decision that depends only on locally detected information. In LASR-G, each robot calculates corresponding pickup or dropping probability, and relocates sensor with currently low coverage contribution to another location where sensing hole would be significantly reduced. The basic algorithm optimizes only area coverage, while modified algorithm includes also the cost of robot movement. We compare LASR-G with G-R3S2, and examine both single robot and multi robots scenarios. The simulation results show the advantages of LASR-G over G-R3S2.
Synthesis of Model-Based and Data-Driven Approaches for Optimal Traffic Control
Creators: name: Baumgart, Urs
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2022
Subjects: Traffic Control
Optimal Control
Model Predictive Control
Imitation Learning
Reinforcement Learning

description: In view of steadily growing traffic flow and demand for mobility services, intelligent vehicles and traffic systems are becoming increasingly important. At the same time, today's vehicle technology and mobility infrastructure allow to collect and to transmit large and comprehensive data that may be used by complex driver assistance systems or (semi-) autonomous vehicles, as well as traffic light control systems. This thesis therefore presents different model-based and data-driven approaches to optimally control traffic flow with the ultimate goal to combine them. Besides traffic light control, the main application scenario of this work is the design of intelligent (possibly autonomous) vehicle controllers to dissipate stop-and-go waves on highways or in city traffic. In this context, a controller is proposed that stabilizes traffic flow by combining theoretical guarantees of model-based control with real-time and generalization capability of data-driven control. The approach is validated and tested in different scenarios including experiments at a driving simulator.
Law for an ecological civilization
Creators: name: Gare, Arran
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: The call by Chinese environmentalists for an ecological civilization to supersede industrial civilization, subsequently embraced by the Chinese government and now being promoted throughout the world, requires a fundamental rethinking of the role of law in society. If governments are going to prevent ecological destruction then law will be essential to this, yet law as it has developed in the West, particularly in Anglophone countries, is in a state of crisis. To overcome the deficiencies in the theory and practice of law in so-called ‘liberal democracies’ it will be necessary to revive the philosophies of law associated with the ‘Radical Enlightenment.’ While having developed in Europe, this was influenced by Chinese thought. It is this tradition, it will be argued here, that can provide the legal foundations for an ecological civilization. Overcoming the deficiencies in the theory and practice of ‘liberal legalism’ through the revival and development of the notion of law associated with the Radical Enlightenment should be seen as part of the process of creating an ecological civilization. Before going on to consider how the ideas of the Radical Enlightenment need to be developed in order to support and function as part of an ecological civilization I will first sketch the history of law to highlight the challenge to liberal legalism posed by the Radical Enlightenment. This requires some analysis of the origin of law to see how the specialized institutions of law, which were originally associated with the rise of hierarchically organized societies, came to be understood by the Athenian Greeks and then the Republican Romans as the essence of their liberty, a view revived with the Renaissance in Italy in the fifteenth century.
Evaluation von Tabellenfeatures und ihr Einfluss auf die Güte von Tabellenähnlichkeitsmaßen
Creators: name: Rothenbacher, Erik
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2021
Subjects: Lead Topic: Digitized Work
Research Line: Human computer interaction (HCI)
Research Line: Machine Learning (ML)
Similarity functions
Similarity measures
Similarity metrics
Similarity search
Performance evaluation

description: Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, einige implizite und explizite Ähnlichkeitsmaße zwischen Tabellen zu finden und zu vergleichen. Um die Ansätze vergleichen zu können, wird ein in der Tabellenforschung neuartiger Datensatz entwickelt. Weil alle vorherigen Arbeiten zu Tabellen eigene Datensätze verwendeten, die nicht durch eine einzelne Person nachgebaut werden können, gibt es drei Bedingungen an den neuen Datensatz. Er muss der in dieser Arbeit verwendeten Ähnlichkeitsdefinition folgen, er muss durch eine Person erstellbar sein und selbst fachfremde Personen müssen die Gültigkeit des Datensatzes nachvollziehen können. Damit ist eine Basis geschaffen, auf der Ähnlichkeitsmaße für Tabellen verglichen und analysiert werden können. So kann man herausfinden, welche Maße am besten funktionieren und unter welchen Bedingungen sie Probleme haben.
Supplementary document for Theoretical versus empirical measures of retinal magnification for scaling AOSLO images - 5396707.pdf
Creators: name: Heitkotter, Heather
name: Salmon, Alexander
name: Linderman, Rachel
name: Porter, Jason
name: Carroll, Joseph
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplement 1
Incertae Sedis
Creators: name: Soleglad, Michael E.
name: Fet, Victor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2003
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Scorpiones

description: Parvorder Incertae Sedis (fossil taxa)   The fossil orthostern taxa (families and/or genera) listed below (Carboniferous to Miocene) cannot be currently assigned to any of the parvorders established for Recent superfamilies. We choose also not to assign these taxa to any superfamilies.
description: Published as part of Soleglad, Michael E. & Fet, Victor, 2003, High-level systematics and phylogeny of the extant scorpions (Scorpiones: Orthosterni), pp. 1-175 in Euscorpius 2003 (11) on page 118, DOI: 10.18590/euscorpius.2003.vol2003.iss11.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13237351
Verwendung eines Großmanipulators zur Charakterisierung der Schallfelder elektromagnetischer Ultraschallwandler von SH-Wellen für langreichweitigen Ultraschall
Creators: name: Reuschl, Frederik
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2021
Subjects: Großmanipulator
elektromagnetischer Ultraschallwandler (EMAT)
langreichweitigen Ultraschall (LRUT)
SH-Wellen

description: Langreichweitiger Ultraschall (Long Range Ultrasonic Testing, LRUT) wird in der zerstörungsfreien Prüfung insbesondere zur Schädigungsdetektion in unzugänglichen Bereichen eingesetzt. Elektromagnetische Ultraschallwandler (ElectroMagnetic Acoustic Transducers, EMATs) bieten den Vorteil, koppelmittelfrei und modenrein geführte Ultraschallwellen in Platten und Rohren anzuregen. Es gibt zurzeit noch wenige quantitative Informationen zur Schallfeldausprägung von LRUT, welcher mit elektromagnetischen Prüfköpfen erzeugt und empfangen wurde. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurden mit einem Großmanipulator an ausgedehnten Stahlstrukturen detaillierte Untersuchungen durchgeführt. Insbesondere wurden dabei sowohl die USWellenlänge und die Ultraschallmoden als auch die Aperturbreiten variiert. Es wurde untersucht, ob Formeln zur Beschreibung des Schallfeldes gewonnen werden können, womit Rückschlüsse auf die Wandlerauslegung gezogen könnte. Des Weiteren wurde der Einfluss der Drehung des Empfangs-Wandlers untersucht. Da für Rohre und Platten häufig gewalzte Stähle eingesetzt werden, ist der Einfluss der Textur auf Schallfeld und Ausprägung der Moden von entscheidender Bedeutung. Im Zuge dieser Masterarbeit wurden daher auch Rotationsmessungen durchgeführt, um den Einfluss der Anisotropie auf die LRUT Laufzeiten zu untersuchen.
Options for an environmental risk assessment of intentional and unintentional chemical mixtures under REACH
Creators: name: Galert, Wiebke
name: Hassold, Enken
name: Schulze, Jona
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2021
Subjects: REACH-System
Umweltrisikobewertung

description: It is acknowledged that a variety of chemicals enter the environment and may cause joint effects. Chemicals regulated under the European Chemicals Regulation REACH are often part of formulated mixtures and during their processing and use in various products they can be jointly released via sewage treatment plants or diffuse sources, and may combine in the environment. One can differentiate between intentional mixtures, and unintentional mixtures. In contrast to other substance-oriented legislations, REACH contains no explicit requirements for an assessment of combined effects, exposures and risks of several components. Still, it requires ensuring the safe use of substances on their own, in mixtures, and in articles. The available options to address intentional as well as unintentional mixtures are presented and discussed with respect to their feasibility under REACH, considering the responsibilities, communication tasks and information availability of the different actors (registrants, downstream-user and authorities). Specific mixture assessments via component-based approaches require a comprehensive knowledge on substances properties, uses, fate and behaviour, and the composition of the mixture under consideration. This information is often not available to the responsible actor. In principle, intentional mixtures of known composition can be assessed by the downstream-user. But approaches have to be improved to ensure a transparent communication and sound mixture assessment. In contrast, unintentional mixtures appear to be better addressable via generic approaches such as a mixture allocation factor during the chemical safety assessment, although questions on the magnitude, implementation and legal mandates remain. Authorities can conduct specific mixture risk assessments in well-defined and prioritized cases, followed by subsequent regulatory measures. In order to address intentional and unintentional mixtures within the current REACH framework, legal mandates together with guidance for the different actors are needed. Furthermore, further data on mixture compositions, uses and co-exposures need to be made accessible via shared databases. © The Author(s) 2021.
Microtubule dynamics during early neural differentiation of P19 embryonal carcinoma cells.
Creators: name: Kulkarni, Sarang V.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: Biology, Neuroscience.

description: Altered microtubule (MT) stability prior to neurite extension was examined in P19 embryonal carcinoma cells induced to differentiate along the neural pathway by retinoic acid. In undifferentiated P19 cells few acetylated MTs were detected by immunofluorescence staining and these were resistant to disassembly by colchicine at 1 $\mu$g/mL for 45 minutes. Twenty-four hours after neural induction there was an increase in the number of acetylated MTs and in the number of MTs that were resistant to colchicine treatment. This suggested that the MT array in undifferentiated cells is initially dynamic and becomes less dynamic during early neural differentiation prior to morphogenesis. Quantitative immunoblotting showed no change in the levels of total tubulin, but a two-fold increase in the relative level of acetylated tubulin was detected. MT turnover in P19 cells was then examined directly by microinjecting biotin-conjugated bovine brain tubulin. Computer-aided silicon intensified target camera (SIT) imaging of biotin-tubulin incorporation into the MT array showed that by 30 minutes, 92.4 $\pm$ 3.02% of total MTs turned over in undifferentiated cells. In contrast, in the retinoic acid-induced cells 52.8 $\pm$ 19.37% of the MT array turned over in 30 minutes. In conclusion, there are changes in colchicine stability and in tubulin acetylation that are correlated with changes in MT dynamics occurring prior to neurite outgrowth.
Developing a Pathologists’ Monthly Assignment Schedule: A Case Study at the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine of The Ottawa Hospital
Creators: name: Montazeri, Amine
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2015
Subjects: Pathologists assignment problem
The Ottawa Hospital

description: In the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, at the beginning of each month, the clinical managers use expert knowledge to assign pathologists to expected daily specimens based on the criteria of workload restrictions, clinical sub-specialties, and availability. Since the size of the pathologists’ assignment problem is large, finding a feasible assignment manually is a very time-consuming process that takes a number of iterations over a number of days to complete. Moreover, every time there is a need to make a revision, a new assignment needs to be developed taking into account all the above criteria. The goal of this research is to develop an optimization model and a decision support tool that will help with monthly staffing of pathologists based on the criteria outlined above. The developed model is rooted in the classical operations research assignment problem and it is extended to account for the following requirements: each pathologist should be assigned to a similar specimen type throughout a week; for a given pathologist, there should be a rotation of the specimen types between the weeks; and the clinical managers’ preferences in terms of assigning a particular specimen type to a particular pathologist on a specific day need to be considered. A monthly assignment model covering 36 pathologists and 26 specimen types was solved using IBM ILOG CPLEX Optimization Studio. It is embedded in a decision support tool that helps clinical managers to make staffing decisions. The decision support tool has been validated using data from The Ottawa Hospital (TOH).
Understanding Liver Toxicity Induced by Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Human Hepatocytes
Creators: name: Ramoju, Siva P.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2012
Subjects: Poly Brominated Dipheny Ethers
PBDE
HepG2
Flame Retardants
DE-71
Apoptosis
Cell Viability
Oxidative Stress
Caspase-3

description: Poly Brominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs) are known flame retardants with highly persistent and lipophilic in nature. The continued usage of PBDE in various products amplifies the human burden of PBDEs. It is therefore, important to study the potential toxicological and/or biological effects of PBDE exposure in human. In this study we investigated the mode of action of PBDE induced toxicity in human liver by exposing human hepatocarcinoma cells in a time (24-72h) and dose (0-100μM) dependent manner. The highest test dose caused an inhibition in cell viability up to 50% after 72h, whereas lower doses (<50μM) showed slight increase in cell viability. Likewise, higher doses caused significant accumulation of intracellular ROS over time. Further, increase in caspase-3 enzyme levels and DNA fragmentation showed that, lower brominated PBDEs induce liver toxicity through accumulation of toxic metabolites and reactive oxygen species over time leading to caspase-mediated apoptotic cell death.
Marketing students' perception of traditional and intensive delivery: an exploratory study
Creators: name: Ho, Henry Wai Leong
name: Polonsky, Michael Jay
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: The study investigated how undergraduate marketing students perceived intensive delivery of subjects over summer school as compared to traditional semester delivery. The results suggest that students did not perceive there were substantial differences in learning, but preferred the more intensive nature of the learning. The results also indicate that summer school students found the subject more interesting and rated the subject higher overall as compared with the traditional mode. Individual assessment grades for students in the intensive mode did differ to those in the traditional mode, but examination results and final grades were not statistically different. Intensive modes may be viable alternatives to traditional semester long classes, although they do potentially have increased costs.
Innovative Verfahren der Komplexitätsreduktion zur Bestimmung des Netzausbaubedarfs
Creators: name: Jin, Hongyu
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2022
Subjects: k-means Clustering
Netzausbauplanung
Worst-Case-Szenarien

description: Due to the key energy policy of the energy transition ("Energiewende") in Germany, a huge amount of decentralized energy resources has been installed in the German power system, especially in distribution grids. To ensure a reliable energy supply and to increase the hosting capacity, German distribution grids hence need to be properly reinforced. An important part during the grid planning process is to estimate the future transport demands. Therefore, Worst-Case scenarios using simultaneity factors are used by distribution system operators in classical practice. However, by using simultaneity factors, the correlations of different types of customers and generators may not be precisely and correctly represented, which might lead to overestimation of required grid reinforcement. In this Thesis, a case study for 500 low-voltage grid extensions is investigated. The accuracy and complexity of the innovative method is evaluated by comparing the resulting boundary values and the calculation demands of the different methods. The grid is then expanded according to the Worst-Case scenarios for all those 500 low-voltage grids, determined with the different methods. A further accuracy check is carried out based on the demand and the final plan of the grid reinforcement.
Positionsbestimmung wissenschaftlicher Bibliotheken in der externen Wissenschaftskommunikation am Beispiel des Fraunhofer-Fachinformationsmanagements
Creators: name: Robrecht, Michèle
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2021
Subjects: Wissenschaftskommunikation
Wissenschaftliche Bibliotheken
Fraunhofer-Fachinformationsmanagement
Fachreferat
Kommunikationsnetzwerk
Science communication
Scholarly communication
Scientific libraries
Fraunhofer library and information services
Subject librarianship
Communication network

description: Als Sammlerinnen von Publikationen aller Art ist die Verbreitung von Forschungsergebnissen innerhalb der Scientific Community (interne Wissenschaftskommunikation) seit jeher ein Kerngeschäft von wissenschaftlichen Bibliotheken. Seltener werden sie bei der externen Wissenschaftskommunikation, die sich an eine breite Öffentlichkeit richtet, als potenzielle Akteurinnen wahrgenommen. Für diese Arbeit ergibt sich somit die Frage, wo sich wissenschaftliche Bibliotheken im strukturellen Gefüge der externen Wissenschaftskommunikation positionieren können und wollen. Sie wird am Beispiel des Fraunhofer-Fachinformationsmanagements erörtert. Durch eine Literaturrecherche entsteht in dieser Arbeit ein Kommunikationsnetzwerk der externen Wissenschaftskommunikation. Es bildet die Basis für Positionierungsmöglichkeiten für wissenschaftliche Bibliotheken auf der Meso- und Fachreferent:innen auf der Mikroebene. Eine Online-Befragung erhebt den Status quo der Aktivitäten sowie Einstellungen zu den Möglichkeiten von den Mitarbeitenden im Fraunhofer-Fachinformationsmanagement. Zentrale Ergebnisse dieser Arbeit sind ein komplexes Kommunikationsnetzwerk und die Positionsbestimmung des Fraunhofer-Fachinformationsmanagements darin. Die entsprechenden Mitarbeitenden beteiligen sich an der externen Wissenschaftskommunikation in empfangenden und unterstützenden Funktionen.
description: As collectors of publications of all kinds, the dissemination of research results within the scientific community (scholarly communication) has always been a core business of scientific libraries. However, they are less often perceived as potential actors in science communication, which is aimed at the general public. For this thesis, the question thus arises as to where academic libraries can and want to position themselves within the structure of science communication. It is discussed using the example of Fraunhofer library and information services. Through literature research, a communication network of science communication emerges is created in this thesis. It forms the basis for positioning possibilities for scientific libraries on the meso level and subject librarians on the micro level. An online survey determines the status quo of activities as well as attitudes concerning these possibilities as they relate to the Fraunhofer library and information services. Central results of this work are a complex communication network and the positioning of the Fraunhofer library and information services within it. The appropriate staff participates in science communication in receiving and supporting functions.
Design and Analysis of an Adjustable and Configurable Bio-inspired Heuristic Scheduling Technique for Cloud Based Systems
Creators: name: Al Buhussain, Ali
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2016
Subjects: Cloud Computing
Scheduling
Optimization
Bio-Inspired

description: Cloud computing environments mainly focus on the delivery of resources, platforms, and infrastructure as services to users over the Internet. More specifically, Cloud promises user access to a scalable amount of resources, making use of the elasticity on the provisioning of recourses by scaling them up and down depending on the demand. The cloud technology has gained popularity in recent years as the next big step in the IT industry. The number of users of Cloud services has been increasing steadily, so the need for efficient task scheduling is crucial for improving and maintaining performance. Moreover, those users have different SLAs that imposes different demands on the cloud system. In this particular case, a scheduler is responsible for assigning tasks to virtual machines in an effective and efficient matter to meet with the QoS promised to users. The scheduler needs to adapt to changes in the cloud environment along with defined demand requirements. Hence, an Adjustable and Configurable bio-inspired scheduling heuristic for cloud based systems (ACBH) is suggested. We also present an extensively comparative performance study on bio-inspired scheduling algorithms namely Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) and Honey Bee Optimization (HBO). Furthermore, a networking scheduling algorithm is also evaluated, which comprises Random Biased Sampling (RBS). The study of bio-inspired techniques concluded that all the bio-inspired algorithms follow the same flow that was later used in the development of (ACBH). The experimental results have shown that ACBH has a 90% better execution time that it closest rival which is ACO. ACBH has a better performance in terms of the fairness between execution time differences between tasks. HBO shows better scheduling when the objective consists mainly of costs. However, when there is multiple optimization objectives ACBH performs the best due to its configurability and adaptability.