cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Search for Higgs bosons predicted in two-Higgs-doublet models via decays to tau lepton pairs in 1.96 TeV proton-antiproton collisions
Creators: name: The CDF Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a search for Higgs bosons predicted in two-Higgs-doublet models, in the case where the Higgs bosons decay to tau lepton pairs, using 1.8 inverse fb of integrated luminosity of proton-antiproton collisions recorded by the CDF II experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron. Studying the observed mass distribution in events where one or both tau leptons decay leptonically, no evidence for a Higgs boson signal is observed. The result is used to infer exclusion limits in the two-dimensional parameter space of tan beta versus m(A).
description: Submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
UOCS VII. Blue Straggler Populations of Open Cluster NGC 7789 with UVIT/AstroSat
Creators: name: Vaidya, Kaushar
name: Panthi, Anju
name: Agarwal, Manan
name: Pandey, Sindhu
name: Rao, Khushboo K.
name: Jadhav, Vikrant
name: Subramaniam, Annapurni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: NGC 7789 is a $\sim$1.6 Gyr old, populous open cluster located at $\sim$2000 pc. We characterize the blue straggler stars (BSS) of this cluster using the Ultraviolet (UV) data from the UVIT/AstroSat. We present spectral energy distributions (SED) of 15 BSS candidates constructed using multi-wavelength data ranging from UV to IR wavelengths. In 8 BSS candidates, a single temperature SED is found to be satisfactory. We discover hot companions in 5 BSS candidates. The hot companions with Teff $\sim$11750-15500 K, R $\sim$0.069-0.242 R$_{\odot}$, and L $\sim$0.25-1.55 L$_{\odot}$, are most likely extremely low mass (ELM) white dwarfs (WDs) with masses smaller than $\sim$0.18 M$_{\odot}$, and thereby confirmed post mass transfer systems. We discuss the implication of this finding in the context of BSS formation mechanisms. Two additional BSS show excess in one or more UV filters, and may have a hot companion, however, we are unable to characterize them. We suggest that at least 5 of the 15 BSS candidates (33%) studied in this cluster have formed via the mass transfer mechanism.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, Accepted for publication at MNRAS
The large-scale structure from non-Gaussian primordial perturbations
Creators: name: Peña, G. A.
name: Candlish, G. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The late-time effect of primordial non-Gaussianity offers a window into the physics of inflation and the very early Universe. In this work we study the consequences of a particular class of primordial non-Gaussianity that is fully characterized by initial density fluctuations drawn from a non-Gaussian probability density function, rather than by construction of a particular form for the primordial bispectrum. We numerically generate multiple realisations of cosmological structure and use the late-time matter power spectrum, bispectrum and trispectrum to determine the effect of these modified initial conditions. We show that the initial non-Gaussianity has only a small imprint on the first three polyspectra, when compared to a standard Gaussian cosmology. Furthermore, some of our models present an interesting scale-dependent deviation from the Gaussian case in the bispectrum and trispectrum, although the signal is at most at the percent level. The majority of our models are consistent with CMB constraints on the trispectrum, while the others are only marginally excluded. Finally, we discuss further possible extensions of our study.
description: 16 pages, 14 figures, accepted by MNRAS
title: Global flows or rural-urban connections?: temporality, public spaces and heterotopias in globalising Mumbai
Creators: name: Parthasaraty, D.
Publisher: name: Zentrum Moderner Orient
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Heterotopia
subject: Mumbai
subject: global flows
subject: rural-urban networks
subject: public space
subject: 300

description: ZMO Working Papers, no. 9
Monogenic Gaussian distribution in closed form and the Gaussian fundamental solution
Creators: name: Peña, Dixan Peña
name: Sommen, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30G35

description: In this paper we present a closed formula for the CK-extension of the Gaussian distribution in $\mathbb R^m$, and the monogenic version of the holomorphic function $\exp(z^2/2)/z$ which is a fundamental solution of the generalized Cauchy-Riemann operator.
Does Oil Palm Cultivation Improve the Long-Term Wellbeing of Smallholder Farm Households?
Creators: name: Chrisendo, Daniel
name: Siregar, Hermanto
name: Qaim, Matin
name: Chrisendo, Daniel
name: Siregar, Hermanto
name: Qaim, Matin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Crop Production/Industries

description: Session ID 4821, Paper# 18602
Additional file 1 of Identification of Houge type of X-linked syndromic mental retardation caused by CNKSR2 truncated variants
Creators: name: Chang, Si-Hua
name: Jin, Jie-Yuan
name: Hu, Yi-Qiao
name: Wang, Run-Yan
name: Xiang, Rong
name: Wang, Xia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
Higher dimensional bivectors and classification of the Weyl operator
Creators: name: Coley, A
name: Hervik, S
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop the bivector formalism in higher dimensional Lorentzian spacetimes. We define the Weyl bivector operator in a manner consistent with its boost-weight decomposition. We then algebraically classify the Weyl tensor, which gives rise to a refinement in dimensions higher than four of the usual alignment (boost-weight) classification, in terms of the irreducible representations of the spins. We are consequently able to define a number of new algebraically special cases. In particular, the classification in five dimensions is discussed in some detail. In addition, utilizing the (refined) algebraic classification, we are able to prove some interesting results when the Weyl tensor has (additional) symmetries.
description: 25 pages; v2: some notation changed, typos fixed; CQG accepted
The Edge-on Galaxies in the Pan-STARRS survey (EGIPS)
Creators: name: Makarov, D.
name: Savchenko, S.
name: Mosenkov, A.
name: Bizyaev, D.
name: Reshetnikov, V.
name: Antipova, A.
name: Tikhonenko, I.
name: Usachev, P.
name: Borisov, S.
name: Makarova, L.
name: Kautsch, S.
name: Marchuk, A.
name: Rubtsov, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a catalogue of 16551 edge-on galaxies created using the public DR2 data of the Pan-STARRS survey. The catalogue covers the three quarters of the sky above Dec.=-30 degrees. The galaxies were selected using a convolutional neural network, trained on a sample of edge-on galaxies identified earlier in the SDSS survey. This approach allows us to dramatically improve the quality of the candidate selection and perform a thorough visual inspection in a reasonable amount of time. The catalogue provides homogeneous information on astrometry, SExtractor photometry, and non-parametric morphological statistics of the galaxies. The photometry is reliably for objects in the 13.8-17.4 r-band magnitude range. According to the HyperLeda database, redshifts are known for about 63 percent of the galaxies in the catalogue. Our sample is well separated into the red sequence and blue cloud galaxy populations. The edge-on galaxies of the red sequence are systematically Delta(g-i)~0.1 mag redder than galaxies oriented at an arbitrary angle to the observer. We found a variation of the galaxy thickness with the galaxy colour. The red sequence galaxies are thicker than the galaxies of the blue cloud. In the blue cloud, on average, thinner galaxies turn out to be bluer. In the future, based on this catalogue it is intended to explore the three-dimensional structure of galaxies of different morphologies, as well as to study the scaling relations for discs and bulges.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS, the catalog is available at the Edge-On Galaxy Database using https://www.sao.ru/edgeon/
Lesson Plan: Learning with Social Media
Creators: name: Fox, Bianca
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 390101
subject: Creative arts, media and communication curriculum and pedagogy
classificationCode: 390199
subject: Curriculum and pedagogy not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 390306
subject: Secondary education
classificationCode: 390307
subject: Teacher education and professional development of educators

description: Ready to use and easy to adapt lesson plan.

The lesson plan contains ideas on how to discuss this topic with students and support them to reflect on how to use social media to enhance their learning. 

For access to other useful resources, please check out the MeLDE platform http://melde.iit.demokritos.gr and MeLDE website http://meldeproject.eu
Impact of Rural Women Time Allocation to Agricultural Production on Household Food Security in Pakistan
Creators: name: Kouser, Shahzad
name: Abedullah, Abedullah
name: Spielman, David J.
name: Kouser, Shahzad
name: Abedullah, Abedullah
name: Spielman, David J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital
Food Security and Poverty

description: Session ID 4728, Paper# 18604
Mode conversion and resonant absorption in inhomogeneous materials with flat bands
Creators: name: Kim, Kihong
name: Kim, Seulong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mode conversion of transverse electromagnetic waves into longitudinal oscillations and the associated resonant absorption of wave energy in inhomogeneous plasmas is a phenomenon that has been studied extensively in plasma physics. We show that precisely analogous phenomena occur generically in electronic and photonic systems where dispersionless flat bands and dispersive bands coexist in the presence of an inhomogeneous potential or medium parameter. We demonstrate that the systems described by the pseudospin-1 Dirac equation with two dispersive bands and one flat band display mode conversion and resonant absorption in a very similar manner to $p$-polarized electromagnetic waves in an unmagnetized plasma by calculating the mode conversion coefficient explicitly using the invariant imbedding method. We also show that a similar mode conversion process takes place in many other systems with a flat band such as pseudospin-2 Dirac systems, continuum models obtained for one-dimensional stub and sawtooth lattices, and two-dimensional electron systems with a quadratic band and a nearly flat band. We discuss some experimental implications of mode conversion in flat-band materials and metamaterials.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
Theoretical vs. Empirical Classification and Prediction of Congested Traffic States
Creators: name: Helbing, Dirk
name: Treiber, Martin
name: Kesting, Arne
name: Schönhof, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from the instability diagram of a traffic flow model, we derive conditions for the occurrence of congested traffic states, their appearance, their spreading in space and time, and the related increase in travel times. We discuss the terminology of traffic phases and give empirical evidence for the existence of a phase diagram of traffic states. In contrast to previously presented phase diagrams, it is shown that "widening synchronized patterns" are possible, if the maximum flow is located inside of a metastable density regime. Moreover, for various kinds of traffic models with different instability diagrams it is discussed, how the related phase diagrams are expected to approximately look like. Apart from this, it is pointed out that combinations of on- and off-ramps create different patterns than a single, isolated on-ramp.
description: See http://www.helbing.org for related work
Can Rainfall Shocks Enhance Access to Rented Land? Evidence from Malawi
Creators: name: Tione, Sarah Ephrida
name: Holden, Stein Terje
name: Tione, Sarah Ephrida
name: Holden, Stein Terje
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: Land Economics/Use
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Session ID 4767, Paper# 18611
title: Convolution analysis for detection purposes concerning the signal's Hilbert envelope
title: A computational test on (damped) sinusoidal signals in noise
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Harden, Jakob
Publisher: name: Graz University of Technology
Year: 2025
Subjects: convolution
signal analysis
detection
Hilbert envelope
test

description: To temporally localize a signal in a signal stream in noisy environments, it is necessary to identify a suitable transformation that suppresses the noise-floor and amplifies the signal sections. In this computational test, different combinations of the discrete-time signal x and its transformation result y are convolved with a moving non-causal Dirichlet window. The transformation used here is the Hilbert envelope.The test aims to determine which combination of input data leads to the highest amplitude ratio between the noise floor and the signal section.
The saturation of the VSI in protoplanetary disks via parametric instability
Creators: name: Cui, Can
name: Latter, Henrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The vertical shear instability (VSI) is a robust and potentially important phenomenon in irradiated protoplanetary disks (PPDs), yet the mechanism by which it saturates remains poorly understood. Global simulations suggest that the non-linear evolution of the VSI is dominated by radially propagating inertial wavetrains (called `body modes'), but these are known to be susceptible to a parametric instability. In this paper, we propose that the global VSI saturates via this secondary instability, which initiates a redistribution of energy from the large scales to smaller-scale inertial waves, and finally into a turbulent cascade. We present an analytic theory of the instability in a simple idealised model that captures the main physical and mathematical details of the problem. In addition, we conduct numerical simulations with the SNOOPY code to consolidate the theory. Once the parametric instability prevails, the VSI is likely far more disordered and incoherent than current global simulations suggest. We also argue that it is challenging to capture parametric instability in global simulations unless the radial resolution is very fine, possibly $\sim 300$ grid cells per scale height in radius.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Rapid estimation of 2D relative B1+‐maps from localizers in the human heart at 7T using deep learning
Creators: name: Krueger, Felix
name: Aigner, Christoph Stefan
name: Hammernik, Kerstin
name: Dietrich, Sebastian
name: Lutz, Max
name: Schulz‐Menger, Jeanette
name: Schaeffter, Tobias
name: Schmitter, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit
subject: 7 Tesla
subject: B1+‐mapping
subject: body MRI
subject: deep learning
subject: heart
subject: parallel transmission

description: Purpose: Subject‐tailored parallel transmission pulses for ultra‐high fields body applications are typically calculated based on subject‐specific B1+$$ {\mathrm{B}}_1^{+} $$‐maps of all transmit channels, which require lengthy adjustment times. This study investigates the feasibility of using deep learning to estimate complex, channel‐wise, relative 2D B1+$$ {\mathrm{B}}_1^{+} $$‐maps from a single gradient echo localizer to overcome long calibration times. Methods: 126 channel‐wise, complex, relative 2D B1+$$ {\mathrm{B}}_1^{+} $$‐maps of the human heart from 44 subjects were acquired at 7T using a Cartesian, cardiac gradient‐echo sequence obtained under breath‐hold to create a library for network training and cross‐validation. The deep learning predicted maps were qualitatively compared to the ground truth. Phase‐only B1+$$ {\mathrm{B}}_1^{+} $$‐shimming was subsequently performed on the estimated B1+$$ {\mathrm{B}}_1^{+} $$‐maps for a region of interest covering the heart. The proposed network was applied at 7T to 3 unseen test subjects. Results: The deep learning‐based B1+$$ {\mathrm{B}}_1^{+} $$‐maps, derived in approximately 0.2 seconds, match the ground truth for the magnitude and phase. The static, phase‐only pulse design performs best when maximizing the mean transmission efficiency. In‐vivo application of the proposed network to unseen subjects demonstrates the feasibility of this approach: the network yields predicted B1+$$ {\mathrm{B}}_1^{+} $$‐maps comparable to the acquired ground truth and anatomical scans reflect the resulting B1+$$ {\mathrm{B}}_1^{+} $$‐pattern using the deep learning‐based maps. Conclusion: The feasibility of estimating 2D relative B1+$$ {\mathrm{B}}_1^{+} $$-maps from initial localizer scans of the human heart at 7T using deep learning is successfully demonstrated. Because the technique requires only sub-seconds to derive channel-wise B1+$$ {\mathrm{B}}_1^{+} $$-maps, it offers high potential for advancing clinical body imaging at ultra-high fields.
Introduction to Extra Dimensions
Creators: name: Rizzo, Thomas G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extra dimensions provide a very useful tool in addressing a number of the fundamental problems faced by the Standard Model. The following provides a very basic introduction to this very broad subject area as given at the VIII School of the Gravitational and Mathematical Physics Division of the Mexican Physical Society in December 2009. Some prospects for extra dimensional searches at the 7 TeV LHC with $\sim$1 $fb^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity are provided.
description: 24pages, 12 figs; Introductory Lectures
An Entropy Inequality
Creators: name: Hellmund, Meik
name: Uhlmann, Armin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Let $S(ρ)=- Tr (ρ\logρ)$ be the von Neumann entropy of an $N$-dimensional quantum state $ρ$ and $e_2(ρ)$ the second elementary symmetric polynomial of the eigenvalues of $ρ$. We prove the inequality $S(ρ) \le c(N) \sqrt{e_2(ρ)} $ where $c(N)=\log(N) \sqrt{\frac{2N}{N-1}}$. This generalizes an inequality given by Fuchs and Graaf \cite{fuchsgraaf} for the case of one qubit, i.e., N=2. Equality is achieved if and only if $ρ$ is either a pure or the maximally mixed state. This inequality delivers new bounds for quantities of interest in quantum information theory, such as upper bounds for the minimum output entropy and the entanglement of formation as well as a lower bound for the Holevo channel capacity.
description: typos corrected, 7 pages, 2 figures
Dust Models for the Extinction of Type IIn Supernova SN 2010jl
Creators: name: Li, Jun
name: Gao, Jian
name: Jiang, Biwei
name: Lin, Zesen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The unusual extinction curves of SN 2010jl provide an excellent opportunity to investigate the properties of dust formed by core-collapse supernovae. By using a series of dust models with different compositions and grain size distributions, we fit the extinction curves of SN 2010jl and find that a silicate-graphite mixture dust model characterized by exponentially cutoff power-law size distributions can well reproduce its unusual extinction curves. The best-fit results show that the extinctions derived from the dust models are consistent with the observed values at all epochs. However, the total-to-selective extinction ratio $R_V$ is about 2.8 - 3.1, which is significantly smaller than the value of $R_V \approx 6.4$ derived by Gall et al. The best-fit models indicate that the dust grains around SN 2010jl are possibly composed of small-size astronomical silicate grains and micron-size graphite grains. In addition, by fitting the optical to mid-infrared spectral energy distribution, we find that the dust mass around SN 2010jl increases with time, up to $0.005\,M_{\odot}$ around 1300 days after peak brightness, which is consistent with previous estimates.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Food Security Dynamics in the United States: Insights Using a New Measure
Creators: name: Lee, Seungmin
name: Barrett, Christopher B.
name: Hoddinott, John F.
name: Lee, Seungmin
name: Barrett, Christopher B.
name: Hoddinott, John F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: Session ID 4789, Paper# 18616
The first days of type II-P core collapse supernovae in the gamma-ray range
Creators: name: Cristofari, P.
name: Marcowith, A.
name: Renaud, M.
name: Dwarkadas, V. V.
name: Tatischeff, V.
name: Giacinti, G.
name: Peretti, E.
name: Sol, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Type II-P supernovæ~(SNe), the most common core-collapse SNe type, result from the explosions of red supergiant stars. Their detection in the radio domain testifies of the presence of relativistic electrons, and shows that they are potentially efficient energetic particle accelerators. If hadrons can also be accelerated, these energetic particles are expected to interact with the surrounding medium to produce a gamma-ray signal even in the multi--TeV range. The intensity of this signal depends on various factors, but an essential one is the density of the circumstellar medium. Such a signal should however be limited by electron-positron pair production arising from the interaction of the gamma-ray photons with optical photons emitted by the supernova photosphere, which can potentially degrade the gamma-ray signal by over ten orders of magnitude in the first days/weeks following the explosion. We calculate the gamma-gamma opacity from a detailed modelling of the time evolution of the forward shock and supernova photosphere, taking a full account of the non-isotropy of the photon interactions. We discuss the time-dependent gamma-ray TeV emission from type II-P SNe as a function of the stellar progenitor radius and mass-loss rate, as well as the explosion energy and mass of the ejected material. We evaluate the detectability of the SNe with the next generation of Cherenkov telescopes. We find that, while most extragalactic events may be undetectable, type II-P SNe exploding in our Galaxy or in the Magellanic Clouds should be detected by gamma-ray observatories such as the upcoming Cherenkov Telescope Array.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
On graphs whose Laplacian matrix's multipartite separability is invariant under graph isomorphism
Creators: name: Wu, Chai Wah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Normalized Laplacian matrices of graphs have recently been studied in the context of quantum mechanics as density matrices of quantum systems. Of particular interest is the relationship between quantum physical properties of the density matrix and the graph theoretical properties of the underlying graph. One important aspect of density matrices is their entanglement properties, which are responsible for many nonintuitive physical phenomena. The entanglement property of normalized Laplacian matrices is in general not invariant under graph isomorphism. In recent papers, graphs were identified whose entanglement and separability properties are invariant under isomorphism. The purpose of this note is to characterize the set of graphs whose separability is invariant under graph isomorphism. In particular, we show that this set consists of $K_{2,2}$, $\overline{K_{2,2}}$ and all complete graphs.
description: 5 pages
Searching for Anomalous Microwave Emission in nearby galaxies. K-band observations with the Sardinia Radio Telescope
Creators: name: Bianchi, S.
name: Murgia, M.
name: Melis, A.
name: Casasola, V.
name: Galliano, F.
name: Govoni, F.
name: Jones, A. P.
name: Madden, S. C.
name: Paladino, R.
name: Salvestrini, F.
name: Xilouris, E. M.
name: Ysard, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observed four nearby spiral galaxies (NGC 3627, NGC 4254, NGC 4736 and NGC 5055) in the K band with the 64-m Sardinia Radio Telescope, with the aim of detecting the Anomalous Microwave Emission (AME), a radiation component presumably due to spinning dust grains, observed so far in the Milky Way and in a handful of other galaxies only (most notably, M 31). We mapped the galaxies at 18.6 and 24.6 GHz and studied their global photometry together with other radio-continuum data from the literature, in order to find AME as emission in excess of the synchrotron and thermal components. We only find upper limits for AME. These non-detections, and other upper limits in the literature, are nevertheless consistent with the average AME emissivity from the few detections: it is $ε^\mathrm{AME}_{\mathrm{30~GHz}} = 2.4\pm0.4 \times 10^{-2}$ MJy sr$^{-1}$ (M$_\odot$ pc$^{-2}$)$^{-1}$ in units of dust surface density (equivalently, $1.4\pm0.2 \times 10^{-18}$ Jy sr$^{-1}$ (H cm$^{-2}$)$^{-1}$ in units of H column density). We finally suggest to search for AME in quiescent spirals with relatively low radio luminosity, such as M~31.
description: A&A Letter, accepted
Dark Matter Halos in Interacting Dark Energy Models: Formation History, Density Profile, Spin and Shape
Creators: name: Liu, Yun
name: Liao, Shihong
name: Liu, Xiangkun
name: Zhang, Jiajun
name: An, Rui
name: Fan, Zuhui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interacting dark energy (IDE) model, which considers the interaction between dark energy and dark matter, provides a natural mechanism to alleviate the coincidence problem and can also relieve the observational tensions under the $Λ$CDM model. Previous studies have put constraints on IDE models by observations of cosmic expansion history, cosmic microwave background and large-scale structures. However, these data are not yet enough to distinguish IDE models from $Λ$CDM effectively. Because the non-linear structure formation contains rich cosmological information, it can provide additional means to differentiate alternative models. In this paper, based on a set of $N$-body simulations for IDE models, we investigate the formation histories and properties of dark matter halos, and compare with their $Λ$CDM counterparts. For the model with dark matter decaying into dark energy and the parameters being the best-fit values from previous constraints, the structure formation is markedly slowed down, and the halos have systematically lower mass, looser internal structure, higher spin and anisotropy. This is inconsistent with the observed structure formation, and thus this model can be safely ruled out from the perspective of non-linear structure formation. Moreover, we find that the ratio of halo concentrations between IDE and $Λ$CDM counterparts depends sensitively on the interaction parameter and is independent of halo mass. This can act as a powerful probe to constrain IDE models. Our results concretely demonstrate that the interaction of the two dark components can affect the halo formation considerably, and therefore the constraints from non-linear structures are indispensable.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures. Accepted by MNRAS
Bifurcation Analysis of Noise-induced Synchronization
Creators: name: Yoshida, Katsutoshi
name: Nishizawa, Yusuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate bifurcation phenomena between slow and fast convergences of synchronization errors arising in the proposed synchronization system consisting of two identical nonlinear dynamical systems linked by a common noisy input only. The numerical continuation of the saddle-node bifurcation set of the primary resonance of moments provides an effective identifier of the slow convergence of synchronization errors.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
Lesson Plan: Taking a selfie of your School
Creators: name: Fox, Bianca
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 390303
subject: Higher education
classificationCode: 390306
subject: Secondary education

description: This lesson plan includes ideas on how to assess the digital readiness of your school. 

The plan includes examples of activities that could be included in one or multiples sessions. 

For access to other useful resources, please check out the MeLDE platform http://melde.iit.demokritos.gr and MeLDE website http://meldeproject.eu
Can Smallholder Farmers Benefit from Mechanization in Sub-Saharan Africa? Evidence from Rice Farming in Tanzania
Creators: name: Nakano, Yuko
name: Magezi, Francis
name: Sakurai, Takeshi
name: Nakano, Yuko
name: Magezi, Francis
name: Sakurai, Takeshi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Session ID 4846, Paper# 18617
Steering chiral swimmers along noisy helical paths
Creators: name: Friedrich, Benjamin M.
name: Jülicher, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chemotaxis along helical paths towards a target releasing a chemoattractant is found in sperm cells and many microorganisms. We discuss the stochastic differential geometry of the noisy helical swimming path of a chiral swimmer. A chiral swimmer equipped with a simple feedback system can navigate in a concentration gradient of chemoattractant. We derive an effective equation for the alignment of helical paths with a concentration gradient which is related to the alignment of a dipole in an external field. We discuss the chemotaxis index in the presence of fluctuations.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure
Co-evolution of massive black holes and their host galaxies at high redshift: discrepancies from six cosmological simulations and the key role of JWST
Creators: name: Habouzit, Melanie
name: Onoue, Masafusa
name: Banados, Eduardo
name: Neeleman, Marcel
name: Angles-Alcazar, Daniel
name: Walter, Fabian
name: Pillepich, Annalisa
name: Dave, Romeel
name: Jahnke, Knud
name: Dubois, Yohan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The James Webb Space Telescope will have the power to characterize high-redshift quasars at z>6 with an unprecedented depth and spatial resolution. While the brightest quasars at such redshift (i.e., with bolometric luminosity L_bol> 10^46 erg/s) provide us with key information on the most extreme objects in the Universe, measuring the black hole (BH) mass and Eddington ratios of fainter quasars with L_bol= 10^45-10^46 erg/s opens a path to understand the build-up of more normal BHs at z>6. In this paper, we show that the Illustris, TNG100, TNG300, Horizon-AGN, EAGLE, and SIMBA large-scale cosmological simulations do not agree on whether BHs at z>4 are overmassive or undermassive at fixed galaxy stellar mass with respect to the M_BH-M_star scaling relation at z=0 (BH mass offsets). Our conclusions are unchanged when using the local scaling relation produced by each simulation or empirical relations. We find that the BH mass offsets of the simulated faint quasar population at z>4, unlike those of bright quasars, represent the BH mass offsets of the entire BH population, for all the simulations. Thus, a population of faint quasars with L_bol= 10^45-10^46 erg/s observed by JWST can provide key constraints on the assembly of BHs at high redshift. Moreover, this will help constraining the high-redshift regime of cosmological simulations, including BH seeding, early growth, and co-evolution with the host galaxies. Our results also motivate the need for simulations of larger cosmological volumes down to z=6, with the same diversity of sub-grid physics, in order to gain statistics on the most extreme objects at high redshift.
description: published in MNRAS, 19 pages, 8 figures, key figures: Fig. 3, Fig.5, and Fig. 7
The luminosity-dependent contribution from the broad line region to the wavelength-dependent lags in Mrk 110
Creators: name: Vincentelli, F. M.
name: McHardy, I.
name: Santisteban, V. Hernández
name: Cackett, E. M.
name: Gelbord, J.
name: Horne, Keith
name: Miller, J. A.
name: Lobban, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured the wavelength-dependent lags between the X-ray, UV and optical bands in the high accretion rate ($L/L_{\rm Edd}\approx40\%$) Active Galactic Nucleus Mrk 110 during two intensive monitoring campaigns in February and September 2019. We divide the observations into three intervals with different X-ray luminosities. The first interval, already published in Vincentelli et al. (2021), has the lowest X-ray luminosity and did not exhibit the U-band excess positive lag, or the X-ray excess negative lag that is seen in most AGN. However, these excess lags are seen in the two subsequent intervals of higher X-ray luminosity. Although the data are limited, the excess lags appear to scale with X-ray luminosity. Our modelling shows that lags expected from reprocessing of X-rays by the accretion disc vary hardly at all with increasing luminosity. Therefore, as the U-band excess almost certainly arises from Balmer continuum emission from the broad line region (BLR), we attribute these lag changes to changes in the contribution from the BLR. The change is easily explained by the usual increase in the inner radius of the BLR with increasing ionising luminosity.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters
Input Subsidies, Producer and Consumer Prices in India: A Dynamic Panel Approach.
Creators: name: Akber, Nusrat
name: Paltasingh, Kirtti Ranjan
name: Akber, Nusrat
name: Paltasingh, Kirtti Ranjan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Demand and Price Analysis

description: Session ID 4834, Paper# 18619
Limits on the location of planetesimal formation in self-gravitating protostellar discs
Creators: name: Clarke, C.
name: Lodato, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this Letter we show that if planetesimals form in spiral features in self-gravitating discs, as previously suggested by the idealised simulations of Rice et al, then in realistic protostellar discs, this process will be restricted to the outer regions of the disc (i.e. at radii in excess of several tens of A.U.). This restriction relates to the requirement that dust has to be concentrated in spiral features on a timescale that is less than the (roughly dynamical) lifetime of such features, and that such rapid accumulation requires spiral features whose fractional amplitude is not much less than unity. This in turn requires that the cooling timescale of the gas is relatively short, which restricts the process to the outer disc. We point out that the efficient conversion of a large fraction of the primordial dust in the disc into planetesimals could rescue this material from the well known problem of rapid inward migration at a $\sim$ metre size scale and that in principle the collisional evolution of these objects could help to re-supply small dust to the protostellar disc. We also point out the possible implications of this scenario for the location of planetesimal belts inferred in debris discs around main sequence stars, but stress that further dynamical studies are required in order to establish whether the disc retains a memory of the initial site of planetesimal creation.
description: MNRAS in press
Additional file 1 of Freestanding VO2 membranes on epidermal nanomesh for ultra-sensitive correlated breathable sensors
Creators: name: Kim, Dongha
name: Lee, Dongju
name: Park, Jiseok
name: Bae, Jihoon
name: Chen, Aiping
name: MacManus-Driscoll, Judith L.
name: Lee, Sungwon
name: Lee, Shinbuhm
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1
Three-dimensional massive gravity and the bigravity black hole
Creators: name: Banados, M.
name: Theisen, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study three-dimensional massive gravity formulated as a theory with two dynamical metrics, like the f-g theories of Isham-Salam and Strathdee. The action is parity preserving and has no higher derivative terms. The spectrum contains a single massive graviton. This theory has several features discussed recently in TMG and NMG. We find warped black holes, a critical point, and generalized Brown-Henneaux boundary conditions.
description: 8 pages, Revtex. Minor change. References added
Crop Insurance and Rice Productivity: Evidence from Eastern India
Creators: name: Saroj, Sunil
name: Kumar, Anjani
name: Mishra, Ashok
name: Saroj, Sunil
name: Kumar, Anjani
name: Mishra, Ashok
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: Risk and Uncertainty
Crop Production/Industries

description: Session ID 4829, Paper# 18621
A genuine Large Magellanic Cloud age gap star cluster
Creators: name: Piatti, Andrés E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We confirm the existence of a second Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) star cluster, KMHK 1592, with an age that falls in the middle of the so-called LMC star cluster age gap, a long period of time (~ 4 - 11 Gyr) where no star cluster had been uncovered, except ESO121-SC03. The age (8.0+-0.5 Gyr) and the metallicity ([Fe/H]=-1.0+-0.2 dex) of KMHK1592 were derived from the fit of theoretical isochrones to the intrinsic star cluster colour-magnitude diagram sequences, which were unveiled using a robust star-by-star membership probability procedure. Because of the relative low brightness of the star cluster, deep GEMINI GMOS images were used. We discuss the pros and cons of three glimpsed scenarios that could explain the presence of both LMC age gap star clusters in the outskirts of the LMC, namely: in-situ star cluster formation, capture from the Small Magellanic Cloud, or accretion of a small dwarf galaxy.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters
Government Transfers, COVID-19 Shock, and Food Insecurity: Evidence from Rural Households in India
Creators: name: Kumar, Anjani
name: Mishra, Ashok
name: Saroj, Sunil
name: Rashid, Shahidur
name: Kumar, Anjani
name: Mishra, Ashok
name: Saroj, Sunil
name: Rashid, Shahidur
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: Health Economics and Policy
Food Security and Poverty

description: Session ID 4760, Paper# 18627
'Do this to live longer' : a study of health and fitness magazine representations of older women
Creators: name: Liang, Jessica
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: In this study, I investigated how aging and older women were represented in health and fitness magazine advertisements and stories. Magazines reflect social norms and influence everyday interactions (Conlin & Bissel, 2014). Aging portrayals frequently suggest ways in which older adults can and should engage with consumer culture to maintain their health and avoid illness and disability in later life (Loos & Ivan, 2018). To date, relatively few studies have examined the magazine representations of older adults (Devi & Samanta, 2019). There have not been any studies that have investigated health and fitness magazines. Guided by age relations theory (Biggs & Lowenstein, 2013), the purpose of my study was to examine how aging generally and older women in particular were represented across all of the issues published between June and December 2020 in Health, Prevention, and Yoga Journal. The total sample included 208 advertisements and 84 stories. From there, I generated a sub-sample by selecting those advertisements and stories that were related to older adults, later life, or the process of aging. My aging-related sub-sample included 33 advertisements and 6 stories. I analyzed my data using content (Krippendorf, 2012) and thematic (Braun & Clarke, 2022) analytical methods. My content analysis revealed that relatively few advertisements included images of older adults or marketed products for the older age group, and mentions of aging and older women were largely absent across the stories. Similarly, my thematic analysis resulted in the identification of two key themes, namely: a) ‘Degenerate with age’: Aging as a time of vulnerability and b) ‘Do this to live longer’: Older bodies are transformable. The first theme referred to the tendency of advertisements and stories to depict older bodies as vulnerable to physical and mental decline as well as a loss of physical attractiveness. The second theme referred to the ways that the advertisements and stories offered hopeful examples of how consumption could help older adults to remain healthy, active, and youthful. In this way, the advertisements and stories suggested to readers that old age is a problem that could and should be treated with engagement in consumer culture.
One-dimensional Ising ferromagnet frustrated by long-range interactions at finite temperatures
Creators: name: Cinti, F.
name: Portmann, O.
name: Pescia, D.
name: Vindigni, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a one-dimensional lattice of Ising-type variables where the ferromagnetic exchange interaction J between neighboring sites is frustrated by a long-ranged anti-ferromagnetic interaction of strength g between the sites i and j, decaying as |i-j|^-alpha, with alpha>1. For alpha smaller than a certain threshold alpha_0, which is larger than 2 and depends on the ratio J/g, the ground state consists of an ordered sequence of segments with equal length and alternating magnetization. The width of the segments depends on both alpha and the ratio J/g. Our Monte Carlo study shows that the on-site magnetization vanishes at finite temperatures and finds no indication of any phase transition. Yet, the modulation present in the ground state is recovered at finite temperatures in the two-point correlation function, which oscillates in space with a characteristic spatial period: The latter depends on alpha and J/g and decreases smoothly from the ground-state value as the temperature is increased. Such an oscillation of the correlation function is exponentially damped over a characteristic spatial scale, the correlation length, which asymptotically diverges roughly as the inverse of the temperature as T=0 is approached. This suggests that the long-range interaction causes the Ising chain to fall into a universality class consistent with an underlying continuous symmetry. The e^(Delta/T)-temperature dependence of the correlation length and the uniform ferromagnetic ground state, characteristic of the g=0 discrete Ising symmetry, are recovered for alpha > alpha_0.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Far and extreme UV radiation feedback in molecular clouds and its influence on the mass and size of star clusters
Creators: name: Fukushima, Hajime
name: Yajima, Hidenobu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the formation of star clusters in molecular clouds by performing three-dimensional radiation hydrodynamics simulations with far ultraviolet (FUV; $6 ~{\rm eV} \leqq h ν\leqq 13.6 ~{\rm eV}$) and extreme ultraviolet (EUV; $hν\geqq 13.6~{\rm eV}$) radiative feedback. We find that the FUV feedback significantly suppresses the star formation in diffuse clouds with the initial surface densities of $Σ_{\rm cl} \lesssim \rm 50~M_{\odot} \; pc^{-2}$. In the cases of clouds with $Σ_{\rm cl} \sim \rm 100-200~M_{\odot} \; pc^{-2}$, the EUV feedback plays a main role and decrease the star formation efficiencies less than $0.3$. We show that thermal pressure from PDRs or H{\sc ii} regions disrupts the clouds and makes the size of the star clusters larger. Consequently, the clouds with the mass $M_{\rm cl} \lesssim 10^{5}~\rm M_{\odot}$ and the surface density $Σ_{\rm cl} \lesssim 200~\rm M_{\odot}\; pc^{-2}$ remain the star clusters with the stellar densities of $\sim 100~\rm M_{\odot}\; pc^{-3}$ that nicely match the observed open clusters in the Milky Way. If the molecular clouds are massive ($M_{\rm cl} \gtrsim 10^{5}~\rm M_{\odot}$) and compact ($Σ\gtrsim 400~\rm M_{\odot}\; pc^{-2}$), the radiative feedback is not effective and they form massive dense cluster with the stellar densities of $\sim 10^{4}~\rm M_{\odot}\; pc^{-3}$ like observed globular clusters or young massive star clusters. Thus, we suggest that the radiative feedback and the initial conditions of molecular clouds are key factors inducing the variety of the observed star clusters.
description: 20 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS