cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Abuso de la posición dominante en los mercados digitales. Una aproximación a su estudio partir de la Ley de Mercados Digitales de la Unión Europea
Creators: name: Romero Rivera, Diego Orlando
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Derecho comercial - Colombia
subject: Economía de mercado - Aspectos jurídicos
subject: Regulación del comercio - Legislación
subject: Unión Europea
subject: Mercados digitales
subject: Derecho de competencia
subject: Abuso de la posición dominante
subject: Guardianes de acceso

description: Este artículo aborda el estudio del abuso de la posición dominante en los mercados digitales, tomando como referente la Digital Market Act (DMA) o Ley de Mercados Digitales Europea. El trabajo permite una comprensión detallada de una de las prácticas restrictivas más nocivas para la competencia en el contexto de los mercados digitales, asunto que ha suscitado grandes y álgidos debates que aún no concluyen y de los cuáles han surgido trascendentales interrogantes. Como resultado del estudio se plantean una serie de recomendaciones para fortalecer la regulación en Colombia de este tipo de mercados a fin de lograr que operen de manera abierta y equitativa. El artículo se divide en cuatro partes: La primera sobre las consideraciones generales de la competencia y los mercados digitales; le sigue su situación y regulación en Colombia; la tercera y cuarta parte da cuenta de la discusión jurídica que ello ha generado, su utilidad y algunas recomendaciones y conclusiones. El estudio se desarrolla mediante una metodología cualitativa, utilizando principalmente la revisión bibliográfica de textos normativos a nivel nacional e internacional, así como fuentes especializadas que aportan nociones relevantes.
description: This article addresses the study of abuse of dominant position in digital markets, taking as reference the Digital Market Act (DMA) or European Digital Markets Law. The work allows for a detailed understanding of one of the most harmful restrictive practices for competition in the context of digital markets, a subject that has sparked significant and heated debates that have not yet concluded and from which important questions have arisen. As a result of the study, a series of recommendations are proposed to strengthen the regulation of these types of markets in Colombia in order to ensure they opérate openly and equitably. The article is divided into four parts: The first part covers general considerations of competition and digital markets; followed by its situation and regulation in Colombia; the third and fourth parts account for the legal discussion it has generated, its usefulness, and some final recommendations and conclusions. The study is developed through a qualitative methodology, mainly using bibliographic review of national and international regulatory texts, as well as specialized sources providing relevant notions.
Light pseudo-Goldstone bosons without explicit symmetry breaking
Creators: name: Bouzas, Antonio O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A mechanism is discussed to obtain light scalar fields from a spontaneously broken continuous symmetry without explicitly breaking it. If there is a continuous manifold of classical vacua in orbit space, its tangent directions describe classically massless fields that may acquire mass from perturbations of the potential that do not break the symmetry. We consider the simplest possible example, involving a scalar field in the adjoint representation of SU(N). We study the scalar mass spectrum and its RG running at one-loop level including scalar and pseudoscalar Yukawa couplings to a massive Dirac fermion.
description: minor typographical changes, 12 pages, 4 figures
IDSWG Oncology Newsletter: Issue January 1, 2024
Creators: name: Ma, Haijun
name: Zhao, Fengyu
name: He, Philip
name: Fernandes, Laura
name: Fu, Haoda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This is the newsletter series for Dahshu IDSWG Oncology Team Working Group. In this issue, the following panels are included: (1) Notes from the chairs; (2) KOL Message; (3) WG Updates; (4) FDA NDA/BLA recent approvals in oncology; and (5) Biostat Byte.
Imagining Taiwan : the making and the museological representation of art in Taiwan's quest for identity (1987-2010)
Creators: name: McIntyre, Sophie
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Art, Taiwan 20th century
subject: Nationalism and art Taiwan
subject: National characteristics, Taiwan

description: This thesis probes and analyses the critical role of art in the shaping of Taiwan's national identity during the period 1987-2010. With the rise of democratisation and national identity consciousness (bentu yishi), Taiwan's quest for national identity intensified after the lifting of martial law in 1987. The thesis challenges the view that art has played an inconsequential role in this identity discourse by demonstrating that artists, curators and art museums have significantly contributed towards the processes of identity formation, particularly during the peak period of the early-mid 1990s. Focusing on the nature and extent of the contribution of artists, curators and art museums to Taiwan's quest for identity, the thesis explores how national identity narratives were imagined, interpreted, projected and transmitted, nationally and internationally, through the production, selection and exhibition of art from Taiwan. Structurally, the thesis contextualizes each socio-political period, providing the backdrop for a series of case studies. These demonstrate how artists, curators and art museums became active agents in the processes of national identity formation, not only promoting but also critiquing and contesting identity narratives revolving around the concept of a 'Taiwan nation'. Given that national identities are relational and fluid constructs, the thesis reveals how identity discourses in art had diminished in significance by the early twenty-first century when globalisation, the rise of China, and art market forces transformed identity discourses in art from a Taiwan-centred narrative into one embracing not only regional and global perspectives but, most critically, dialogue and exchange with China.
La aplicación de la Business Judgment Rule en Colombia : la regla de la discrecionalidad a juicio
Creators: name: López Zapata, Luis Emilio
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Jurisprudencia comercial - Aspectos jurídicos
subject: Derecho comercial - Colombia
subject: Sentencias - Legislación
subject: Regla de la discrecionalidad
subject: Business judgment rule
subject: Responsabilidad de los administradores

description: La aplicación de la Business Judgment Rule (“BJR” o la “regla”) es una realidad en Colombia. Su adopción vía interpretación judicial y sus intentos de positivización son prueba de ello. Este trabajo pretende analizar la aplicación judicial de la BJR realizada por la Delegatura de Procedimientos Mercantiles de la Superintendencia de Sociedades (la “Delegatura”), su contenido, naturaleza y justificación. Con esta base, se considerará la compatibilidad de la aplicación judicial de la BJR con el ordenamiento actual. La importancia del estudio estriba en mostrar los elementos de la aplicación judicial de la BJR en Colombia cuando no existía un parámetro normativo expreso que estableciera la figura.
description: The application of Business Judgment Rule (“BJR”) is a reality in Colombia. Its judicial adoption via interpretation and its attempts at positivization are proof of this. This study aims to analyze the judicial application of the BJR carried out by Delegatura de Procedimientos Mercantiles de la Superintendencia de Sociedades, its content, nature and justification. On this basis, the compatibility of the judicial application of the BJR with the current system will be considered. The importance of the study consists in showing the elements of the judicial application of the BJR in Colombia when there was no express regulatory parameter that established the figure.
Possible Experimental Test of Continuous Medium Model for Fractal Media
Creators: name: Tarasov, Vasily E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the fractional integrals to describe fractal media. We consider the fractal media as special ("fractional") continuous media. We discuss the possible experimental testing of the continuous medium model for fractal media that is suggested in Phys. Lett. A. 336 (2005) 167-174. This test is connected with measure of period of the Maxwell pendulum with fractal medium cylinder.
description: 9 pages
Xaradó and discussion
Creators: name: Escalanti, Jessie W.
name: Halpern, Abraham M.
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: yum

description: 2 WAV files. Side A, Xaradó; Side B, discussion. For associated notebook, see Margaret Langdon Papers (Bancroft Library), carton 10, folder 21. Digitization by The Audio Archive (Burlingame, California).
El deber de la víctima de mitigar el daño
Creators: name: Lopez Castro, Zulma Carolina
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Víctimas - Aspectos jurídicos
subject: Política social - Estiudios de caso
subject: Responsabilidad contractual - Legislación
subject: Mitigación
subject: Daño
subject: Responsabilidad
subject: Indemnización

description: Este trabajo analiza el deber de la víctima de aplicar medidas razonables para mitigar o reducir el daño que se le ha causado. Aunque no existe una norma legal específica al respecto en Colombia, se ha reconocido jurisprudencialmente con base en el principio de buena fe. Se entiende por mitigación del daño aquella conducta diligente de la víctima para disminuir las pérdidas una vez ocurrido el hecho dañoso. El incumplimiento de este deber tiene como consecuencia que la víctima pierde el derecho a reclamar los daños que pudo evitar. Además de la buena fe, este deber se sustenta en principios como la preservación de recursos y la protección del bienestar económico. Se analizan casos jurisprudenciales en los ámbitos médico, ambiental y de transporte donde se ha aplicado. Concluye que si bien protege al responsable, su principal efecto es beneficiar a la propia víctima incentivándola a actuar de forma diligente para reducir sus propias pérdidas.
description: The obligation of the victim to mitigate damages is an important principle in private law that has been applied by Colombian courts even though it is not expressly established in legislation. It is based on the constitutional principle of good faith.- If the victim is able to take reasonable measures to mitigate the damage caused but fails to do so, they lose the right to claim compensation for additional damages that could have been avoided. However, the victim is not required to take measures that involve high costs, risks or sacrifices. - The obligation seeks to encourage victims to act diligently to prevent damage from increasing. It benefits both victims and liable parties. Victims can recover reasonable expenses incurred to mitigate, while liable parties pay compensation corresponding only to unavoidable damages.- Jurisprudence has applied the duty in various contexts like medical malpractice, transportation contracts, and environmental damage. Courts analyze causation and consider whether the victim's own negligence contributed to increasing damages.- Two key aspects are whether the victim acted in good faith by taking reasonable mitigation measures, and whether liable parties prove the victim's measures were unreasonable or increased losses. International conventions also establish the obligation.- In conclusion, while not an express legal duty in Colombia, the victim's mitigation obligation has been developed and enforced by courts based on the constitutional premise of good faith.
A New Approach for Texture based Script Identification At Block Level using Quad Tree Decomposition
Creators: name: Singh, Pawan Kumar
name: Das, Supratim
name: Sarkar, Ram
name: Nasipuri, Mita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A considerable amount of success has been achieved in developing monolingual OCR systems for Indic scripts. But in a country like India, where multi-script scenario is prevalent, identifying scripts beforehand becomes obligatory. In this paper, we present the significance of Gabor wavelets filters in extracting directional energy and entropy distributions for 11 official handwritten scripts namely, Bangla, Devanagari, Gujarati, Gurumukhi, Kannada, Malayalam, Oriya, Tamil, Telugu, Urdu and Roman. The experimentation is conducted at block level based on a quad-tree decomposition approach and evaluated using six different well-known classifiers. Finally, the best identification accuracy of 96.86% has been achieved by Multi Layer Perceptron (MLP) classifier for 3-fold cross validation at level-2 decomposition. The results serve to establish the efficacy of the present approach to the classification of handwritten Indic scripts
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, conference
Four-factor prothrombin complex concentrate (4F-PCC) reverses bleeding associated with the new direct oral anticoagulants (NOACs) dabigatran, rivaroxaban, edoxaban and apixaban in a rabbit model
Creators: name: Herzog, Eva
name: Kaspereit, Franz
name: Krege, Wilfried
name: Mueller-Cohrs, Jochen
name: Baerbel Doerr
name: Niebl, Peter
name: Dickneite, Gerhard
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Background:To summarize the efficacy of the non-activated four-factor PCC (4F-PCC) *Beriplex®/Kcentra® (CSL Behring) in controlling acute NOAC-associated bleeding in an in vivo rabbit model.To evaluate correlations between in vivo measures of haemostasis and in vitro coagulation parameters.
Main conclusions:

In this rabbit model of acute haemorrhage 4F-PCC, administered at a clinically relevant dose range, showed potential for reversing NOAC-associated bleeding for all NOACs tested, including direct FIIa inhibitor dabigatran, and FXa inhibitors edoxaban, rivaroxaban and apixaban. These data suggest that 4F-PCC may be an option for the urgent reversal of the anticoagulant effect of NOACs. Further clinical data in human patients are required to confirm these results.
4F-PCC (Beriplex® P/N, Kcentra®) is superior to 3F-PCC for reversal of coumarin anticoagulation in a rat bleeding model
Creators: name: Herzog, Eva
name: Kaspereit, Franz
name: Krege, Wilfried
name: Niebl, Peter
name: Schulte, Stefan
name: Dickneite, Gerhard
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Background:This study was conducted as a head-to-head comparison of 4F-PCC vs. 3F-PCC for effective reversal of VKA (coumarin) induced anticoagulation using an established rat model of acute bleeding.Treatment with 4F-PCC was able to fully and statistically significantly reverse bleeding. In contrast, the 3F-PCCs were not or only partially able to reduce coumarin induced bleeding.
Main conclusions:

Direct comparison of 4F-PCC and 3F-PCC for the reversal of VKA anticoagulation in a rat model of acute bleeding suggests that replenishment of all vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors including factor VII as achieved using a 4F-PCC may result in superior efficacy compared to the use of 3F-PCC.
Native Defects in Antiferromagnetic Topological Insulator MnBi$_2$Te$_4$
Creators: name: Huang, Zengle
name: Du, Mao-Hua
name: Yan, Jiaqiang
name: Wu, Weida
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy, we visualized the native defects in antiferromagnetic topological insulator $\mathrm{MnBi_2Te_4}$. Two native defects $\mathrm{Mn_{Bi}}$ and $\mathrm{Bi_{Te}}$ antisites can be well resolved in the topographic images. $\mathrm{Mn_{Bi}}$ tend to suppress the density of states at conduction band edge. Spectroscopy imaging reveals a localized peak-like local density of state at $\sim80$~meV below the Fermi energy. A careful inspection of topographic and spectroscopic images, combined with density functional theory calculation, suggests this results from $\mathrm{Bi_{Mn}}$ antisites at Mn sites. The random distribution of $\mathrm{Mn_{Bi}}$ and $\mathrm{Bi_{Mn}}$ antisites results in spatial fluctuation of local density of states near the Fermi level in $\mathrm{MnBi_2Te_4}$.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Sim-to-real reinforcement learning applied to end-to-end vehicle control
Creators: name: Kalapos, András
name: Gór, Csaba
name: Moni, Róbert
name: Harmati, István
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, we study vision-based end-to-end reinforcement learning on vehicle control problems, such as lane following and collision avoidance. Our controller policy is able to control a small-scale robot to follow the right-hand lane of a real two-lane road, while its training was solely carried out in a simulation. Our model, realized by a simple, convolutional network, only relies on images of a forward-facing monocular camera and generates continuous actions that directly control the vehicle. To train this policy we used Proximal Policy Optimization, and to achieve the generalization capability required for real performance we used domain randomization. We carried out thorough analysis of the trained policy, by measuring multiple performance metrics and comparing these to baselines that rely on other methods. To assess the quality of the simulation-to-reality transfer learning process and the performance of the controller in the real world, we measured simple metrics on a real track and compared these with results from a matching simulation. Further analysis was carried out by visualizing salient object maps.
description: \c{opyright} 2020 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works
Induced polarization and complex resistivity effects in soils : laboratory and in-situ measurements
Creators: name: Kristiansen, Henrik
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Detection of subsurface contaminants is often carried out by different electrical measurement techniques and using an empirical relationship between electrical conductivity and Total Dissolved Solids. However, these methods provide no information about the ion types present in the subsurface. In this research, it was investigated if the polarization response of soil was effected by the ion types present in the groundwater. Two different methods were used to measure the polarization response of soil: The Induced Polarization (IP) method was used in-situ and in' the laboratory, whereas the Complex Resistivity (CR) method was used only in the laboratory. In-situ IP tests were carried out with a RCPTU piezocone at mine tailings impoundments and in natural soils. Repeatable IP tests in natural soils showed an increase in polarization response with a decrease in soil particle size. The polarization response of the mine tailings was very similar to that of the clay soil, but by normalizing with the resistivity, it was possible to distinguish the two materials. Laboratory tests indicated that no relationship exists between sulphate concentration and the polarization response. The in-situ tests indicated that relationships could exist between other ion type concentration and the polarization response, but insufficient data were collected to make any conclusions. The CR test was carried out in the frequency range 10 Hz - 13 MHz and was implemented on samples of silica flour with different ions in the fluid. Repeatable results showed that the polarization response using this technique was dependent on the ion concentration in the fluid. However, there were no differences in the polarization response between sulphate ions and an equivalent amount of other ions.
Representations of the Lie Superalgebra gl(1|n) in a Gel'fand-Zetlin Basis and Wigner Quantum Oscillators
Creators: name: King, R. C.
name: Stoilova, N. I.
name: Van der Jeugt, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: An explicit construction of all finite-dimensional irreducible representations of the Lie superalgebra gl(1|n) in a Gel'fand-Zetlin basis is given. Particular attention is paid to the so-called star type I representations (``unitary representations''), and to a simple class of representations V(p), with p any positive integer. Then, the notion of Wigner Quantum Oscillators (WQOs) is recalled. In these quantum oscillator models, the unitary representations of gl(1|DN) are physical state spaces of the N-particle D-dimensional oscillator. So far, physical properties of gl(1|DN) WQOs were described only in the so-called Fock spaces W(p), leading to interesting concepts such as non-commutative coordinates and a discrete spatial structure. Here, we describe physical properties of WQOs for other unitary representations, including certain representations V(p) of gl(1|DN). These new solutions again have remarkable properties following from the spectrum of the Hamiltonian and of the position, momentum, and angular momentum operators. Formulae are obtained that give the angular momentum content of all the representations V(p) of gl(1|3N), associated with the N-particle 3-dimensional WQO. For these representations V(p) we also consider in more detail the spectrum of the position operators and their squares, leading to interesting consequences. In particular, a classical limit of these solutions is obtained, that is in agreement with the correspondence principle.
Barreras de género en el ascenso de las mujeres militares a grados de insignia en la Fuerza Aérea Colombiana
Creators: name: Bautista Oróstegui, Zoraya Alexandra
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Militares - Aspectos jurídicos
subject: Mujeres - Aspectos sociales
subject: Instrumentos legales - Legislación
subject: Igualdad
subject: Barreras de género
subject: Ascenso
subject: Fuerza Aérea Colombiana

description: Los avances normativos tanto a nivel internacional como nacional han permitido que la mujer hoy día pueda estar presente en diversas áreas de la sociedad, en roles diferentes a los que tradicionalmente habían sido designados, como ser esposas, amas de casa y custodias del hogar. Entre ellos, se destaca uno que por años había sido exclusivo de los hombres, como es la carrera militar. A pesar que se ha presentado progresos en la incorporación en las filas de las organizaciones castrenses de personal femenino, es patente la existencia de obstáculos que han impedido que ellas puedan ser parte de los más altos escaños en la carrera militar como son los grados de general. A través de este trabajo, se busca en primer lugar, determinar si existen barreras de género que obstaculizan el ascenso de las mujeres en los grados de insignia en la Fuerza Aérea Colombiana, y, en segundo lugar, poner de manifiesto algunas alternativas que pueden contribuir a derrotar esas barreras sociales y culturales que impiden el escalonamiento de las mujeres en puestos de alta dirección y mando.
description: Normative advancements, both at the international and national levels, have allowed women today to be present in various areas of society, in roles different from those traditionally assigned to them, such as wives, homemakers, and caretakers of the home. Among them, one stands out that for years had been exclusive to men, such as the military career. Despite progress in the incorporation of female personnel into the ranks of military organizations, the existence of obstacles preventing them from reaching the highest echelons of the military career, such as the rank of general, is evident. Through this work, the first objective is to determine if there are gender barriers hindering the advancement of women in rank in the Colombian Air Force, and secondly, to highlight some alternatives that can contribute to overcoming those social and cultural barriers that impede the progression of women in high-level leadership and command positions.
Selective Conduction of Organic Molecules via Free-Standing Graphene
Creators: name: Wang, Zhao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A race is held between ten species of organic gas molecules on a graphene substrate driven by thermal gradients via molecular dynamics. Fast conduction of the molecules is observed with selectivity for aromatic compounds. This selectivity stems from the fact that the planar structure of the aromatic molecule helps keep a shorter distance to the substrate, which is the key to the driving force at the gas-solid interface. The drift velocity monotonically increases with decreasing molecule density, with no ballistic transport observable even for a single molecule. A non-linear regime is discovered for the conduction of benzene molecules under large thermal gradients. At low temperature, molecules formed aggregation and move collectively along specific path in the graphene substrate.
description: 5 figures
Relationships between magnetic foot points and G-band bright structures
Creators: name: Ishikawa, R.
name: Tsuneta, S.
name: Kitakoshi, Y.
name: Katsukawa, Y.
name: Bonet, J. A.
name: Domínguez, S. Vargas
name: van der Voort, L. H. M. Rouppe
name: Sakamoto, Y.
name: Ebisuzaki, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic elements are thought to be described by flux tube models, and are well reproduced by MHD simulations. However, these simulations are only partially constrained by observations. We observationally investigate the relationship between G-band bright points and magnetic structures to clarify conditions, which make magnetic structures bright in G-band. The G-band filtergrams together with magnetograms and dopplergrams were taken for a plage region covered by abnormal granules as well as ubiquitous G-band bright points, using the Swedish 1-m Solar Telescope (SST) under very good seeing conditions. High magnetic flux density regions are not necessarily associated with G-band bright points. We refer to the observed extended areas with high magnetic flux density as magnetic islands to separate them from magnetic elements. We discover that G-band bright points tend to be located near the boundary of such magnetic islands. The concentration of G-band bright points decreases with inward distance from the boundary of the magnetic islands. Moreover, G-band bright points are preferentially located where magnetic flux density is higher, given the same distance from the boundary. There are some bright points located far inside the magnetic islands. Such bright points have higher minimum magnetic flux density at the larger inward distance from the boundary. Convective velocity is apparently reduced for such high magnetic flux density regions regardless of whether they are populated by G-band bright points or not. The magnetic islands are surrounded by downflows.These results suggest that high magnetic flux density, as well as efficient heat transport from the sides or beneath, are required to make magnetic elements bright in G-band.
description: 9 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Urbanizing Farmland: Dynamics of Land Use Change in Fast-Growth Counties: Concern Over Farmland Loss
Creators: name: Heimlich, Ralph E.
name: Vesterby, Marlow
name: Krupa, Kenneth S.
name: Heimlich, Ralph E.
name: Vesterby, Marlow
name: Krupa, Kenneth S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Community/Rural/Urban Development
Land Economics/Use

description: Excerpts from the report Introduction: Despite claims to the contrary, the amount of U.S. rural land--and level of agricultural production--is not threatened by the present rate of urbanization. This report, based on an indepth analysis, shows that urbanization is not paving over the Nation's rural areas any more than in the past. Urbanization is not consuming all of our farmland nor is it taking all the best land out of production. If present rates of population growth and land conversion continue, cropland area actually would be larger in the year 2000 than in 1980 because of new land brought into production.
El control de convencionalidad de normas constitucionales. ¿Cuál es la incidencia de la Corte Interamericana en la función del poder constituyente y en la reforma constitucional?
Creators: name: Espinosa Hios, José Guillermo
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Derechos humanos - Aspectos sociales
subject: Reforma judicial - Aspectos jurídicos
subject: Derecho internacional - Legislación
subject: Reforma constitucional
subject: Poder constituyente
subject: Control de convencionalidad
subject: Control internacional a las reformas constitucionales
subject: Límites heterónomos al poder constituyente

description: El objetivo del presente trabajo es confrontar la doctrina del control de convencionalidad con la teoría contemporánea del poder constituyente y de la reforma constitucional. En dicha tarea, desde una perspectiva multinivel, se pretende indagar el papel que desempeña la jurisprudencia de la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos en la labor de creación y reforma constitucional. Para ello se analiza algunos casos contenciosos resueltos en el Sistema Interamericano en los cuales se ha examinado la convencionalidad de normas con jerarquía constitucional. Con la presente investigación se busca determinar si el control de convencionalidad es un mecanismo idóneo para realizar un control internacional a la labor de creación y reforma constitucional. Tal análisis se centra únicamente en aquellos casos en donde una reforma o modificación constitucional ha colisionado con el derecho del Sistema Interamericano de Derechos Humanos.
description: The objective of this work is to confront the doctrine of conventionality control with the contemporary theory of constituent power and constitutional reform. In this task, from a multilevel perspective, the aim is to investigate the role played by the jurisprudence of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights in the work of constitutional creation and reform. To this end, some contentious cases resolved in the Inter-American System are analyzed in which the conventionality of norms with constitutional hierarchy has been examined. The present investigation seeks to determine whether conventionality control is an ideal mechanism to carry out international control of the work of constitutional creation and reform. Such analysis focuses only on those cases where a constitutional reform or modification has collided with the law of the Inter-American Human Rights System.
The Explosion in Orion-KL as Seen by Mosaicking the Magnetic Field with ALMA
Creators: name: Cortes, Paulo C.
name: Gouellec, Valentin J. M. Le
name: Hull, Charles L. H.
name: Girart, Josep M.
name: Louvet, Fabien
name: Fomalont, Edward B.
name: Kameno, Seiji
name: Moellenbrock, George A.
name: Nagai, Hiroshi
name: Nakanishi, Kouichiro
name: Villard, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first linear-polarization mosaicked observations performed by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). We mapped the Orion-KLeinmann-Low (Orion-KL) nebula using super-sampled mosaics at 3.1 and 1.3 mm as part of the ALMA Extension and Optimization of Capabilities (EOC) program. We derive the magnetic field morphology in the plane of the sky by assuming that dust grains are aligned with respect to the ambient magnetic field. At the center of the nebula, we find a quasi-radial magnetic field pattern that is aligned with the explosive CO outflow up to a radius of approximately 12 arc-seconds (~ 5000 au), beyond which the pattern smoothly transitions into a quasi-hourglass shape resembling the morphology seen in larger-scale observations by the James-Clerk-Maxwell Telescope (JCMT). We estimate an average magnetic field strength $\langle B\rangle = 9.4$ mG and a total magnetic energy of 2 x 10^45 ergs, which is three orders of magnitude less than the energy in the explosive CO outflow. We conclude that the field has been overwhelmed by the outflow and that a shock is propagating from the center of the nebula, where the shock front is seen in the magnetic field lines at a distance of ~ 5000 au from the explosion center.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Some relations between mutual information and estimation error in Wiener space
Creators: name: Mayer-Wolf, Eddy
name: Zakai, Moshe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G35, 94A17 (Primary) 28C20, 60H35 (Secondary)

description: The model considered is that of ``signal plus white noise.'' Known connections between the noncausal filtering error and mutual information are combined with new ones involving the causal estimation error, in a general abstract setup. The results are shown to be invariant under a wide class of causality patterns; they are applied to the derivation of the causal estimation error of a Gaussian nonstationary filtering problem and to a multidimensional extension of the Yovits--Jackson formula.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/105051607000000131 in the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Análisis jurisprudencial sobre las interacciones problemáticas que se desprenden de la libertad de expresión en redes sociales
Creators: name: Valderrama, Adriana Ariza
name: Ojeda Luna, Juan Manuel
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Derecho público - Estudios de caso
subject: Colombia - Corte Suprema de Justicia
subject: Sentencias - Legislación
subject: Redes sociales
subject: Libertad de expresión
subject: Línea jurisprudencial
subject: Derechos fundamentales

description: En el presente trabajo después de analizar 17 sentencias de la Corte Constitucional, hemos identificado algunas reglas para resolver la colisión entre el derecho a la libre expresión y los derechos que con el ejercicio de este primero podrían verse afectados, en el contexto novedoso de las redes sociales. Así pues, con el presente escrito pretendemos crear una herramienta donde el lector encontrará un extracto muy concreto y puntual de las reglas o criterios de dirección que ha dispuesto la Corte Constitucional en las sentencias objeto de análisis, para dar solución a las interacciones problemáticas que se desprenden del ejercicio de la libertad de expresión en redes sociales. Hemos agrupado estos criterios en cinco acápites, de manera organizada y concreta, para ser consultados de manera rápida por los operadores jurídicos que acudan a esta lectura, sin necesidad de tener que realizar extensas lecturas de jurisprudencia, sin perjuicio de que se anexan también las fichas de las sentencias consultadas y analizadas.
description: In the present work, after analyzing 17 judgments of the Constitutional Court, we have identified some rules for resolving the collision between the right to freedom of expression and the rights that could be affected by the exercise of this right, in the novel context of social media. Therefore, with this document, we aim to create a tool where the reader will find a very specific and precise extract of the rules or guiding criteria established by the Constitutional Court in the judgments under analysis, to address problematic interactions arising from the exercise of freedom of expression on social media. We have grouped these criteria into five sections, in an organized and concise manner, for quick reference by legal practitioners who refer to this document, without the need for extensive jurisprudence readings, notwithstanding that the summaries of the consulted and analyzed judgments are also attached.
SIYOSIY NOTIQLIKNING MILLIY MАDАNIY VА LISONIY TАHLILI (OʼZBEKISTON RESPUBLIKASI BIRINCHI PREZIDENTI I.А.KARIMOV NUTQLARI ASOSIDA)
Creators: name: Sattarova, Dilrabo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu tezizda notiqdagi mavjud qobiliyat va istedodni shakllantirishga qaratilgan notiqlik san’atining milliy madaniy va lisoniy tahlili O’zbekiston Respublikasi birinchi prezidenti I. A. Karimov nutqlari asosida ko’rib chiqilib, tahlil qilingan.
Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza - Bibliography from Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza. 25 January 1922—31 August 2018
Creators: name: A. W. F. Edwards
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Though it was as a bacteriologist that Luca Cavalli-Sforza first flourished scientifically, it was the subject of human population genetics that he dominated for the second half of the twentieth century. He pioneered both genetical demography and the construction of the genetical evolutionary tree of man, initially from gene-frequency data and ultimately from tracing the paths of descent of individual DNA sequences. He was among the first to apply the new computers to the problems he encountered, using his self-taught knowledge of mathematics and statistics. He conducted expeditions to the Pygmies of the African rainforest and studied the spread of agriculture in Europe, demonstrating the similarity between its wave of advance and the contours of population gene frequency. He noted the correspondence between the descent tree of languages and the human evolutionary tree.Cavalli headed university departments in Pavia and then Stanford, surrounding himself with young colleagues and driving forward research with vigorous discussion and unceasing enthusiasm. His knowledge was spread across medicine and genetics, anthropology and linguistics, archaeology and history, and he expressed himself fluently in speech and writing in Italian, English and French. A true Renaissance man.His published work in human population genetics and cultural evolution over more than 50 years constituted ‘one long argument’, as Darwin said of The origin of species. The villages of the Parma valley were his Galapagos Islands, and random genetic drift his adjunct to natural selection for the case of man. His demonstration of the importance of drift in recent human evolution informed the model for constructing evolutionary trees from gene-frequency data. On this one long argument he wrote and lectured ceaselessly, not only for other scientists but also for a wider audience, always mindful of a responsibility to promote an understanding of man's biology and evolutionary history for society's benefit. In so doing he brought an informed and rational approach to the problem of human diversity and the problems of human diversity.
[Stickmen picture elicitation prompts, #1-#50]
Creators: name: Jacobsen, William H.
name: Boneno, Richard N.
name: Hayes, Alfred S.
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023

description: Set of stick-figure drawings used as elicitation prompts with language consultants; the pictures originate from a project by Alfred Hayes, which is documented in the published article: “Field Procedures while Working with Diegueño”. International Journal of American Linguistics, Vol. 20, No. 3 (Jul., 1954), pp. 185-194. The pictures are referenced elsewhere in this collection by items 2014-21.001.003, 2014-21.001.005, 2014-21.001.014, 2014-21.001.038, 2014-21.002.108, and 2014-21.006.017.
K-finite matrix elements of irreducible Harish-Chandra modules are hypergeometric
Creators: name: Neretin, Yuri A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22E45, 22E46, 33C67, 43A10

description: We show that all the K-finite matrix elements of irreducible Harish-Chandra modules can can be expressed in spherical functions using finite number of operations
description: 4pp
Three dimensionality of pulsed second-sound waves in He II
Creators: name: Zhang, P.
name: Murakami, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three dimensionality of 3D pulsed second sound wave in He II emitted from a finite size heater is experimentally investigated and theoretically studied based on two-fluid model in this study. The detailed propagation of 3D pulsed second sound wave is presented and reasonable agreement between the experimental and theoretical results is obtained. Heater size has a big influence on the profile of 3D second sound wave. The counterflow between the superfluid and normal fluid components becomes inverse in the rarefaction of 3D second sound wave. The amplitude of rarefaction decreases due to the interaction between second sound wave and quantized vortices, which explains the experimental results about second sound wave near [Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, 2480 (1994)]. The accumulation of dense quantized vortices in the vicinity of heater surface leads to the formation of a thermal boundary layer, and further increase of heating duration results in the occurrence of boiling phenomena. PACS numbers: 67.40.Pm 43.25.+y 67.40.Bz
description: 30 pages, 9 figures. Physical Review B, Accepted
Fully spin-polarized double-Weyl fermions with type-III dispersion in quasi-one dimensional materials X2RhF6 (X=K, Rb, Cs)
Creators: name: Jin, Lei
name: Zhang, Xiaoming
name: Liu, Ying
name: Dai, Xuefang
name: Wang, Liying
name: Liu, Guodong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Double-Weyl fermions, as novel topological states of matter, have been mostly discussed in nonmagnetic materials. Here, based on density-functional theory and symmetry analysis, we propose the realization of fully spin-polarized double-Weyl fermions in a family ferromagnetic materials X2RhF6 (X= K, Rb, Cs). These materials have the half-metal ground states, where only the bands from the spin-down channel present near the Fermi energy. The spin-down bands form a pair of triply degenerate nodal points (TDNPs) if spin-orbit coupling (SOC) is not included. Under SOC, one TDNP splits into two double-Weyl points featuring quadratic dispersion along two momentum direction, and they are protected by the three-fold rotation (C3) symmetry. Unlike most double-Weyl semimetals, the Weyl points proposed here have the type-III dispersion with one of the crossing bands being saddle-shaped. An effective model is constructed, which describes well the nature of the Weyl points. These Weyl points are fully spin-polarized, and are characterized with double Fermi arcs on the surface spectrum. Breaking C3 symmetry by lattice strain could shift one double-Weyl point into a pair of type-II single-Weyl points. The X2RhF6 materials proposed here are excellent candidates to investigate the novel properties of type-III double-Weyl fermions in ferromagnetic system, as well as generate potential applications in spintronics.
description: 8 pages,5 figures
Admissible wavefront speeds for a single species reaction-diffusion equation with delay
Creators: name: Trofimchuk, Elena
name: Trofimchuk, Sergei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35K57, 35R10 (primary) 92D25 (secondary)

description: We consider equation $u_t(t,x) = Δu(t,x)- u(t,x) + g(u(t-h,x)) (*) $, when $g:\R_+\to \R_+$ has exactly two fixed points: $x_1= 0$ and $x_2=κ>0$. Assuming that $g$ is unimodal and has negative Schwarzian, we indicate explicitly a closed interval $\mathcal{C} = \mathcal{C}(h,g'(0),g'(κ)) = [c_*,c^*]$ such that $(*)$ has at least one (possibly, nonmonotone) travelling front propagating at velocity $c$ for every $c \in \mathcal{C}$. Here $c_*>0$ is finite and $c^* \in \R_+ \cup \{+\infty\}$. Every time when $\mathcal{C}$ is not empty, the minimal bound $c_*$ is sharp so that there are not wavefronts moving with speed $c < c_*$. In contrast to reported results, the interval $\mathcal{C}$ can be compact, and we conjecture that some of equations $(*)$ can indeed have an upper bound for propagation speeds of travelling fronts. As particular cases, Eq. $(*)$ includes the diffusive Nicholson's blowflies equation and the Mackey-Glass equation with nonmonotone nonlinearity.
description: 16 pages, submitted
On triangular biregular degree sequences
Creators: name: Egan, B
name: Nikolayevsky, Yury
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 4901
subject: Applied mathematics
classificationCode: 4904
subject: Pure mathematics

description: A simple graph is called triangular if every edge of it belongs to a triangle. We conjecture that any graphical degree sequence all terms of which are greater than or equal to 4 has a triangular realisation, and establish this conjecture for a class of biregular graphical degree sequences.