cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Measurable signatures of bosonic fractional Chern insulator states and their fractional excitations in a quantum-gas microscope
Creators: name: Wang, Botao
name: Dong, Xiao-Yu
name: Eckardt, André
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: optical-lattice systems
subject: fractional Chern insulator states
subject: repulsively interacting bosons
subject: square lattice
subject: quantum-gas microscopes

description: The recent progress in engineering topological band structures in optical-lattice systems makes it promising to study fractional Chern insulator states in these systems. Here we consider a realistic finite system of a few repulsively interacting bosons on a square lattice with magnetic flux and sharp edges, as it can be realized in quantum-gas microscopes. We investigate under which conditions a fractional Chern insulator state corresponding to the Laughlin-like state at filling ν=1/2 can be stabilized and its fractional excitations probed. Using numerical simulations, we find an incompressible bulk density at the expected filling for systems, whose linear extent is as small as 6-8 sites. This is a promising result, since such small systems are favorable with respect to the required adiabatic state preparation. Moreover, we also see very clear signatures of excitations with fractional charge in response both to static pinning potentials and dynamical flux insertion. Since the compressible edges, which are found to feature chiral currents, can serve as a reservoir, these observations are robust against changes in the total particle number. Our results suggest that signatures of both a fractional Chern insulator state and its fractional excitations can be found under realistic experimental conditions.
A Flexible Framework for Virtual Omnidirectional Vision to Improve Operator Situation Awareness
Creators: name: Oehler, Martin
name: von Stryk, Oskar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: During teleoperation of a mobile robot, providing good operator situation awareness is a major concern as a single mistake can lead to mission failure. Camera streams are widely used for teleoperation but offer limited field-of-view. In this paper, we present a flexible framework for virtual projections to increase situation awareness based on a novel method to fuse multiple cameras mounted anywhere on the robot. Moreover, we propose a complementary approach to improve scene understanding by fusing camera images and geometric 3D Lidar data to obtain a colorized point cloud. The implementation on a compact omnidirectional camera reduces system complexity considerably and solves multiple use-cases on a much smaller footprint compared to traditional approaches such as actuated pan-tilt units. Finally, we demonstrate the generality of the approach by application to the multi-camera system of the Boston Dynamics Spot. The software implementation is available as open-source ROS packages on the project page https://tu-darmstadt-ros-pkg.github.io/omnidirectional_vision.
description: Accepted to European Conference on Mobile Robots (ECMR) 2021. Video link: https://youtu.be/7pocpdsMxOM Project page: https://tu-darmstadt-ros-pkg.github.io/omnidirectional_vision
Requirements Quality Assurance in Industry: Why, What and How?
Creators: name: Unterkalmsteiner, Michael
name: Gorschek, Tony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Context and Motivation: Natural language is the most common form to specify requirements in industry. The quality of the specification depends on the capability of the writer to formulate requirements aimed at different stakeholders: they are an expression of the customer's needs that are used by analysts, designers and testers. Given this central role of requirements as a mean to communicate intention, assuring their quality is essential to reduce misunderstandings that lead to potential waste. Problem: Quality assurance of requirement specifications is largely a manual effort that requires expertise and domain knowledge. However, this demanding cognitive process is also congested by trivial quality issues that should not occur in the first place. Principal ideas: We propose a taxonomy of requirements quality assurance complexity that characterizes cognitive load of verifying a quality aspect from the human perspective, and automation complexity and accuracy from the machine perspective. Contribution: Once this taxonomy is realized and validated, it can serve as the basis for a decision framework of automated requirements quality assurance support.
description: Conference proceedings of Requirements Engineering: Foundation for Software Quality (REFSQ) 2017: 77-84
Temperature evolution of superparamagnetic clusters in single-crystal La0.85Sr0.15CoO3 from nonlinear magnetic ac response and neutron depolarization
Creators: name: Lazuta, A. V.
name: Ryzhov, V. A.
name: Runov, V. V.
name: Khavronin, V. P.
name: Deriglazov, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The representative measurements of the second harmonic in ac magnetization complemented by neutron depolarization have been performed for single-crystal La0.85Sr0.15CoO3 in the temperature range 97 K < T < 230 K, where occurrence of a small fraction (~ 0.001) of nanoscale ferromagnetic clusters (FMC) has been found. Magnetic, geometrical and dynamical parameters of the FMC system have been evaluated in the temperature range T < 140 K, where superparamagnetic regime installs, by means of the formalism involving the Fokker-Planck equation (FPE). With lowering the temperature, the amount of clusters fraction, the cluster size and magnetic moment along with its diffusion relaxation time strongly increase, each in its own temperature interval. Below 130 K, FMC contribute essentially to the total linear magnetic susceptibility. The damping factor of the order 0.1 proves the importance of precession in thermal relaxation of the cluster magnetic moment. The FMC are a precursor of long-range ferromagnetic correlations seen below 100 K with neutron-scattering techniques. The employed technique supplemented with FPE-based data-treatment formalism is a novel method for studying superparamagnetic systems.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures, 1 table, typos added
Testing the limits of gradient sensing
Creators: name: Elston, Timothy C.
name: Lakhani, Vinal
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: The ability to detect a chemical gradient is fundamental to many cellular processes. In multicellular organisms gradient sensing plays an important role in many physiological processes such as wound healing and development. Unicellular organisms use gradient sensing to move (chemotaxis) or grow (chemotropism) towards a favorable environment. Some cells are capable of detecting extremely shallow gradients, even in the presence of significant molecular-level noise. For example, yeast have been reported to detect pheromone gradients as shallow as 0.1 nM/μm. Noise reduction mechanisms, such as time-averaging and the internalization of pheromone molecules, have been proposed to explain how yeast cells filter fluctuations and detect shallow gradients. Here, we use a Particle-Based Reaction-Diffusion model of ligand-receptor dynamics to test the effectiveness of these mechanisms and to determine the limits of gradient sensing. In particular, we develop novel simulation methods for establishing chemical gradients that not only allow us to study gradient sensing under steady-state conditions, but also take into account transient effects as the gradient forms. Based on reported measurements of reaction rates, our results indicate neither time-averaging nor receptor endocytosis significantly improves the cell’s accuracy in detecting gradients over time scales associated with the initiation of polarized growth. Additionally, our results demonstrate the physical barrier of the cell membrane sharpens chemical gradients across the cell. While our studies are motivated by the mating response of yeast, we believe our results and simulation methods will find applications in many different contexts.
title: MR findings of primer synovial chondromatosis
Creators: name: Aktas, Elif
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Arthritides

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Primer synovial chondromatosis is an uncommon benign monoarticular disorder. It is characterized by proliferation and metaplastic transformation of the synovium. The knee is the most commonly affected joint, followed by the elbow, hip, and...
The choice of Critical Effect Size – a retrospective analysis on the risk assessment of PFAS
Creators: name: Brunken, Lars
name: Silva, Antero Vieira
name: Öberg, Mattias
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Benchmark dose modelling
Critical effect size
Chemical risk assessment
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances

description: The choice of CES is a matter of debate and a challenge in the standardization of the BMD approach and has a significant impact on the outcome and conclusions of the risk assessments. Factors that influence the choice of CES include both ethical considerations of severity as well as statistical aspects. Data-driven methods such as the 1 SD-approach or the GTES offer an objective assessment without human bias. However, it was shown in this study that the results may vary considerably and lead to CESs that are considered non-protective, while a default value of 5% may face criticism for being too low for many cases. In summary, the most suitable approach might be a comparative combination of strategies, to derive the guidance values that better reflect the compound’s potential threshold for toxicity. Thus, expert judgment will continue to play an irreplaceable role in chemical risk assessment.
Memory Enabled Bumblebee-based Dynamic Spectrum Access for Platooning Environments
Creators: name: Gill, Kuldeep S.
name: Kryszkiewicz, Pawel
name: Sroka, Pawel
name: Kliks, Adrian
name: Wyglinski, Alexander M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose a novel memory-enabled non-uniform sampling-based bumblebee foraging algorithm (MEB) designed for optimal channel selection in a distributed Vehicular Dynamic Spectrum Access (VDSA) framework employed in a platoon operating environment. Given how bumblebee behavioral models are designed to support adaptation in complex and highly time-varying environments, these models can be employed by connected vehicles to enable their operation within a dynamically changing network topology and support their selection of optimal channels possessing low levels of congestion to achieve high throughput. As a result, the proposed VDSA-based optimal channel selection employs fundamental concepts from the bumblebee foraging model. In the proposed approach, the Channel Busy Ratio (CBR) of all channels is computed and stored in memory to be accessed by the MEB algorithm to make the necessary channel switching decisions. Two averaging techniques, Sliding Window Average (SWA) and Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (EWMA), are employed to leverage past samples and are evaluated against the no-memory case. Due to the high variability of the environment (e.g., high velocities, changing density of vehicles on the road), we propose to calculate the CBR by employing non-uniform channel sampling allocations as well as evaluate it using both simplified numerical and realistic Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) computer simulations. The numerical simulation results show that gains in the probability of the best channel selection can be achieved relative to a uniform sampling allocation approach. By utilizing memory, we observe an additional increase in the channel selection performance. Similarly, we see an increase in the probability of successful reception when utilizing the bumblebee algorithm via a system-level simulator.
title: Facet Joint Effusion Significance In Degenerative Spinal Instability.
Creators: name: Al-Taie, Alaa
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Arthritides
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Plain radiographic studies
subject: MR
subject: Neuroradiology spine
subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: Musculoskeletal bone

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Undiagnosed occult or mild spinal instability may worsen the outcome of spinal or disc surgeries in patients with degenerative disease. Early diagnosis of spinal instability would alter surgical planning. Our study aims to assessMRI findings of...
Transmembrane helical interactions in the CFTR channel pore
Creators: name: Riordan, John R.
name: Aleksandrov, Andrei A.
name: He, Lihua
name: Das, Jhuma
name: Cui, Liying
name: Dokholyan, Nikolay V.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Mutations in the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene affect CFTR protein biogenesis or its function as a chloride channel, resulting in dysregulation of epithelial fluid transport in the lung, pancreas and other organs in cystic fibrosis (CF). Development of pharmaceutical strategies to treat CF requires understanding of the mechanisms underlying channel function. However, incomplete 3D structural information on the unique ABC ion channel, CFTR, hinders elucidation of its functional mechanism and correction of cystic fibrosis causing mutants. Several CFTR homology models have been developed using bacterial ABC transporters as templates but these have low sequence similarity to CFTR and are not ion channels. Here, we refine an earlier model in an outward (OWF) and develop an inward (IWF) facing model employing an integrated experimental-molecular dynamics simulation (200 ns) approach. Our IWF structure agrees well with a recently solved cryo-EM structure of a CFTR IWF state. We utilize cysteine cross-linking to verify positions and orientations of residues within trans-membrane helices (TMHs) of the OWF conformation and to reconstruct a physiologically relevant pore structure. Comparison of pore profiles of the two conformations reveal a radius sufficient to permit passage of hydrated Cl- ions in the OWF but not the IWF model. To identify structural determinants that distinguish the two conformations and possible rearrangements of TMHs within them responsible for channel gating, we perform cross-linking by bifunctional reagents of multiple predicted pairs of cysteines in TMH 6 and 12 and 6 and 9. To determine whether the effects of cross-linking on gating observed are the result of switching of the channel from open to close state, we also treat the same residue pairs with monofunctional reagents in separate experiments. Both types of reagents prevent ion currents indicating that pore blockage is primarily responsible.
title: Evaluating mean platelet volume in etiology of non traumatic osteochondral defects.
Creators: name: Yalçın Şafak, Kadihan
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Embolism / Thrombosis
subject: Laboratory tests
subject: MR
subject: Musculoskeletal bone

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: We aimed in this studyto evaluate the relationhip between non traumatic ostechondral defects and serum mean platelet value, platelet distribution width and total platelet...
Quantum engineering of a synthetic thermal bath for bosonic atoms in a one-dimensional optical lattice via Markovian feedback control
Creators: name: Wu, Ling-Na
name: Eckardt, André
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: synthetic thermal bath
subject: bosonic quantum gas
subject: quantum engineering
subject: optical lattice
subject: Markovian feedback control

description: We propose and investigate a scheme for engineering a synthetic thermal bath for a bosonic quantum gas in a one-dimensional optical lattice based on Markovian feedback control. The performance of our scheme is quantified by the fidelity between the steady state of the system and the effective thermal state. For double-well and triple-well systems with non-interacting particles, the steady state is found to be an exact thermal state, which is attributed to the fact that the transfer rates between all pairs of coupled eigenstates satisfy detailed balance condition. The scenario changes when there are more lattice sites, where the detailed balance condition does not hold any more, but remains an accurate approximation. Remarkably, our scheme performs very well at low and high temperature regimes, with the fidelity close to one. The performance at the intermediate temperature regime (where a crossover into a Bose condensed regime occurs) is slightly worse, and the fidelity shows a gentle decrease with increasing system size. We also discuss the interacting cases. In contrast to the non-interacting cases, the scheme is found to perform better at a higher temperature. Another difference is that the minimal temperature that can be engineered is nonzero and increases with the interaction strength.
Ground-state energy, density profiles, and momentum distribution of attractively interacting 1D Fermi gases with hard-wall boundaries: a Monte Carlo study
Creators: name: McKenney, J. R.
name: Shill, C. R.
name: Porter, W. J.
name: Drut, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the realization of hard-wall boundary conditions in experiments with ultracold atoms, we investigate the ground-state properties of spin-1/2 fermions with attractive interactions in a one-dimensional box. We use lattice Monte Carlo methods to determine essential quantities like the energy, which we compute as a function of coupling strength and particle number in the regime from few to many particles. Many-fermion systems bound by hard walls display non-trivial density profiles characterized by so-called Friedel oscillations (which are similar to those observed in harmonic traps). In non-interacting systems, the characteristic length scale of the oscillations is set by (2 kF)^(-1), where kF is the Fermi momentum, while repulsive interactions tend to generate Wigner-crystal oscillations of period (4 kF)^(-1). Based on the non-interacting result, we find a remarkably simple parametrization of the density profiles of the attractively interacting case, which we generalize to the one-body density matrix. While the total momentum is not a conserved quantity in the presence of hard walls, the magnitude of the momentum does provide a good quantum number. We are therefore able to provide a detailed characterization of the (quasi-)momentum distribution, which displays rather robust discontinuity at the Fermi surface. In addition, we determine the spatially varying on-site density-density correlation, which in turn yields Tan's contact density and, upon integration, Tan's contact. As is well known, the latter fully determines the short-range correlations and plays a crucial role in a multitude of equilibrium and non-equilibrium sum rules.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures. Results unchanged; major improvements to text; new data on one-body density matrix, on-site correlations, and Tan's contact density with corresponding analysis
Assessing subjective criticality of take-over situations: Validation of two rating scales
Creators: name: Roche, Fabienne
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 158 Angewandte Psychologie
subject: automated driving
subject: driver-vehicle interaction
subject: driver behavior
subject: criticality
subject: take-over behavior
subject: scale validation

description: Assessing subjective criticality of take-over situations is crucial for understanding of take-over behavior and comparing studies. However, no validated rating scales exist that assess subjective criticality of take-over situations. In a driving simulator study, two rating scales, the Scale of Criticality Assessment of driving situations from Neukum et al. (2008) and the Criticality Rating Scale, were tested on their validity to assess the subjective criticality of take-over situations. Besides, the subjective and behavioral changes over the repeated experience of take-over situations were investigated. Twenty-five participants experienced a set of five take-over situations with varying time-to-collisions (TTC) at the moment of the take-over request, twice. After each of the first five take-over situations, participants rated the criticality on one scale, after each of the second five situations on the other scale. Correlation coefficients between TTCs and criticality ratings for each scale were calculated. Also, the changes of subjective and behavioral measures over the trials were investigated. Correlation coefficients indicated a strong correlation between criticality ratings and TTCs. Hence, both scales are equally valid for the assessment of the criticality of take-over situations. The repeated experience of the take-over situations did not affect effort ratings, take-over times, or steering wheel positions. But brake input decreased with increasing practice, indicating a safer take-over behavior. Hence, results of studies with repeated experience of take-over situations are relatively valid as only brake behavior changed with increasing practice.
Continuous Scatterplot Operators for Bivariate Analysis and Study of Electronic Transitions
Creators: name: Sharma, Mohit
name: Masood, Talha Bin
name: Thygesen, Signe S.
name: Linares, Mathieu
name: Hotz, Ingrid
name: Natarajan, Vijay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Electronic transitions in molecules due to the absorption or emission of light is a complex quantum mechanical process. Their study plays an important role in the design of novel materials. A common yet challenging task in the study is to determine the nature of electronic transitions, namely which subgroups of the molecule are involved in the transition by donating or accepting electrons, followed by an investigation of the variation in the donor-acceptor behavior for different transitions or conformations of the molecules. In this paper, we present a novel approach for the analysis of a bivariate field and show its applicability to the study of electronic transitions. This approach is based on two novel operators, the continuous scatterplot (CSP) lens operator and the CSP peel operator, that enable effective visual analysis of bivariate fields. Both operators can be applied independently or together to facilitate analysis. The operators motivate the design of control polygon inputs to extract fiber surfaces of interest in the spatial domain. The CSPs are annotated with a quantitative measure to further support the visual analysis. We study different molecular systems and demonstrate how the CSP peel and CSP lens operators help identify and study donor and acceptor characteristics in molecular systems.
Third order Maximum-Principle-Satisfying Direct discontinuous Galerkin methods for time dependent convection diffusion equations on unstructured triangle mesh
Creators: name: Chen, Zheng
name: Huang, Hongying
name: Yan, Jue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We develop 3rd order maximum-principle-satisfying direct discontinuous Galerkin methods [8, 9, 19, 21] for convection diffusion equations on unstructured triangular mesh. We carefully calculate the normal derivative numerical flux across element edges and prove that, with proper choice of parameter pair $(β_0,β_1)$ in the numerical flux, the quadratic polynomial solution satisfies strict maximum principle. The polynomial solution is bounded within the given range and third order accuracy is maintained. There is no geometric restriction on the meshes and obtuse triangles are allowed in the partition. A sequence of numerical examples are carried out to demonstrate the accuracy and capability of the maximum-principle-satisfying limiter.
Literaturverwaltungsprogramme im Vergleich - 9. Aktualisierung (2022)
Creators: name: Technical University Of Munich
Publisher: name: Technical University of Munich
Year: 2022
Subjects: Literaturverwaltungsprogramme, Citavi, EndNote, Zotero, Mendeley, JabRef, Bookends, Papers, Paperpile

description: Das Dokument bietet einen Überblick über die verschiedenen Funktionen, die Bedienung und Lizenz-/Preismodelle von Literaturverwaltungsprogrammen. Das Dokument darf gerne nachgenutzt werden. Die Originaldaten erhalten Sie auf Anfrage von der Universitätsbibliothek der TUM.
What happens when drivers of automated vehicles take over control in critical brake situations?
Creators: name: Roche, Fabienne
name: Thüring, Manfred
name: Trukenbrod, Anna K.
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 158 Angewandte Psychologie
subject: driver behavior
subject: human-automation interaction
subject: driving simulator
subject: vehicle automation
subject: critical driving situation

description: Even with automated vehicles, driving situations with short time headways and extreme vehicle dynamics may arise when unpredictable events occur. If drivers take back control under such conditions, it is uncertain how they behave and how well they can cope with the situation. This issue has not been investigated yet and is subject to our study. In a driving simulator, non-distracted participants (N = 42) experienced nine critical situations caused by a braking vehicle in front of them. Time headway and longitudinal vehicle dynamics were varied to create different degrees of objective criticality. Participants’ criticality ratings, take-over behavior, and driving performance were recorded and analyzed. The results indicate that participants were sensitive to changes in objective criticality and adapted their behavior. Take-over times were very fast under all conditions and participants showed higher criticality ratings, more intense decelerations, and more lane changes with increasing objective criticality. To avoid a collision, participants decelerated much more than the automation and changed lanes, even though this was not necessary. Thereby, they raised the risk of vehicle instability, rear-end collisions, and collisions with overtaking vehicles. To conclude, take-overs in critical brake situations may be a threat to the safety of drivers and other road users because drivers’ reactions are more pronounced than necessary. These results suggest that assistive functions are required to support drivers in critical take-over situations.
Unified thalamic model generates multiple distinct oscillations with state-dependent entrainment by stimulation
Creators: name: Li, Guoshi
name: Henriquez, Craig S.
name: Fröhlich, Flavio
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: The thalamus plays a critical role in the genesis of thalamocortical oscillations, yet the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. To understand whether the isolated thalamus can generate multiple distinct oscillations, we developed a biophysical thalamic model to test the hypothesis that generation of and transition between distinct thalamic oscillations can be explained as a function of neuromodulation by acetylcholine (ACh) and norepinephrine (NE) and afferent synaptic excitation. Indeed, the model exhibited four distinct thalamic rhythms (delta, sleep spindle, alpha and gamma oscillations) that span the physiological states corresponding to different arousal levels from deep sleep to focused attention. Our simulation results indicate that generation of these distinct thalamic oscillations is a result of both intrinsic oscillatory cellular properties and specific network connectivity patterns. We then systematically varied the ACh/NE and input levels to generate a complete map of the different oscillatory states and their transitions. Lastly, we applied periodic stimulation to the thalamic network and found that entrainment of thalamic oscillations is highly state-dependent. Our results support the hypothesis that ACh/NE modulation and afferent excitation define thalamic oscillatory states and their response to brain stimulation. Our model proposes a broader and more central role of the thalamus in the genesis of multiple distinct thalamo-cortical rhythms than previously assumed.
FaceTouch: Detecting hand-to-face touch with supervised contrastive learning to assist in tracing infectious disease
Creators: name: Ibrahim, Mohamed R.
name: Lyons, Terry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Through our respiratory system, many viruses and diseases frequently spread and pass from one person to another. Covid-19 served as an example of how crucial it is to track down and cut back on contacts to stop its spread. There is a clear gap in finding automatic methods that can detect hand-to-face contact in complex urban scenes or indoors. In this paper, we introduce a computer vision framework, called FaceTouch, based on deep learning. It comprises deep sub-models to detect humans and analyse their actions. FaceTouch seeks to detect hand-to-face touches in the wild, such as through video chats, bus footage, or CCTV feeds. Despite partial occlusion of faces, the introduced system learns to detect face touches from the RGB representation of a given scene by utilising the representation of the body gestures such as arm movement. This has been demonstrated to be useful in complex urban scenarios beyond simply identifying hand movement and its closeness to faces. Relying on Supervised Contrastive Learning, the introduced model is trained on our collected dataset, given the absence of other benchmark datasets. The framework shows a strong validation in unseen datasets which opens the door for potential deployment.
description: Set to be published in the PLoS ONE Journal
A Chemical-Genomic Screen of Neglected Antibiotics Reveals Illicit Transport of Kasugamycin and Blasticidin S
Creators: name: Gross, Carol A.
name: Typas, Athanasios
name: Kritikos, George
name: Krogan, Nevan
name: Osadnik, Hendrik
name: Shiver, Anthony L.
name: Li, Bo
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Fighting antibiotic resistance requires a deeper understanding of the genetic factors that determine the antibiotic susceptibility of bacteria. Here we describe a chemical-genomic screen in Escherichia coli K-12 that was designed to discover new aspects of antibiotic resistance by focusing on a set of 26 antibiotics and other stresses with poorly characterized mode-of-action and determinants of resistance. We show that the screen identifies new resistance determinants for these antibiotics including a common signature from two antimicrobials, kasugamycin and blasticidin S, used to treat crop diseases like rice blast and fire blight. Following this signature, we further investigated the mechanistic basis for susceptibility to kasugamycin and blasticidin S in E. coli using both genetic and biochemical approaches. We provide evidence that these compounds hijack an overlapping set of peptide ABC-importers to enter the bacterial cell. Loss of uptake may be an underappreciated mechanism for the development of kasugamycin resistance in bacterial plant pathogens.
title: Hoffa´s fat pad – an underreported structure
Creators: name: Brtkova, Jindra
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Trauma
subject: Oedema
subject: Normal variants
subject: MR
subject: Musculoskeletal joint

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure Details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: Hoffa´s fat pad is often an underreported structure in the MRI of the knee, despite its mechanical and biochemical importance for the function of the anterior knee segment. It can be subject to many mostly extrinsic and a few intrinsic pathologic...
Text Similarity from Image Contents using Statistical and Semantic Analysis Techniques
Creators: name: Kulkarni, Sagar
name: Govilkar, Sharvari
name: Amin, Dhiraj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Plagiarism detection is one of the most researched areas among the Natural Language Processing(NLP) community. A good plagiarism detection covers all the NLP methods including semantics, named entities, paraphrases etc. and produces detailed plagiarism reports. Detection of Cross Lingual Plagiarism requires deep knowledge of various advanced methods and algorithms to perform effective text similarity checking. Nowadays the plagiarists are also advancing themselves from hiding the identity from being catch in such offense. The plagiarists are bypassed from being detected with techniques like paraphrasing, synonym replacement, mismatching citations, translating one language to another. Image Content Plagiarism Detection (ICPD) has gained importance, utilizing advanced image content processing to identify instances of plagiarism to ensure the integrity of image content. The issue of plagiarism extends beyond textual content, as images such as figures, graphs, and tables also have the potential to be plagiarized. However, image content plagiarism detection remains an unaddressed challenge. Therefore, there is a critical need to develop methods and systems for detecting plagiarism in image content. In this paper, the system has been implemented to detect plagiarism form contents of Images such as Figures, Graphs, Tables etc. Along with statistical algorithms such as Jaccard and Cosine, introducing semantic algorithms such as LSA, BERT, WordNet outperformed in detecting efficient and accurate plagiarism.
description: NLPTT2023 publication, 10 Pages
Massive vector particles tunneling from Kerr and Kerr-Newman black holes
Creators: name: Li, Xiang-Qian
name: Chen, Ge-Rui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the Hawking radiation of massive spin-1 particles from 4-dimensional Kerr and Kerr-Newman black holes. By applying the Hamilton-Jacobi ansatz and the WKB approximation to the field equations of the massive bosons in Kerr and Kerr-Newman space-time, the quantum tunneling method is successfully implemented. As a result, we obtain the tunneling rate of the emitted vector particles and recover the standard Hawking temperature of both the two black holes.
description: 14 pages, Acknowledgements added and typos corrected, Version accepted for publication in Physics Letters B
title: Ultrasound evaluation of neuropathies around the elbow joint: a pictorial essay
Creators: name: Döring, Seema
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Extremities
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Inflammation

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure Details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: The objective of this exhibit is to demonstrate normal ultrasound anatomy and pathologies of the nerves around the elbow joint in a self-explanatory form of a pictorial...
Chatbots for Robotic Process Automation: Investigating Perceived Trust and User Satisfaction
Creators: name: Casadei, Alessandro
name: Schlögl, Stephan
name: Bergmann, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Driven by ongoing improvements in machine learning, chatbots have increasingly grown from experimental interface prototypes to reliable and robust tools for process automation. Building on these advances, companies have identified various application scenarios, where the automated processing of human language can help foster task efficiency. To this end, the use of chatbots may not only decrease costs, but it is also said to boost user satisfaction. People's intention to use and/or reuse said technology, however, is often dependent on less utilitarian factors. Particularly trust and respective task satisfaction count as relevant usage predictors. In this paper, we thus present work that aims to shed some light on these two variable constructs. We report on an experimental study ($n=277$), investigating four different human-chatbot interaction tasks. After each task, participants were asked to complete survey items on perceived trust, perceived task complexity and perceived task satisfaction. Results show that task complexity impacts negatively on both trust and satisfaction. To this end, higher complexity was associated particularly with those conversations that relied on broad, descriptive chatbot answers, while conversations that span over several short steps were perceived less complex, even when the overall conversation was eventually longer.
description: 6 pages
Ultrafast element- and depth-resolved magnetization dynamics probed by transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect spectroscopy in the soft x-ray range
Creators: name: Hennecke, Martin
name: Schick, Daniel
name: Sidiropoulos, Themistoklis
name: Willems, Felix
name: Heilmann, Anke
name: Bock, Martin
name: Ehrentraut, Lutz
name: Engel, Dieter
name: Hessing, Piet
name: Pfau, Bastian
name: Schmidbauer, Martin
name: Furchner, Andreas
name: Schnuerer, Matthias
name: Korff Schmising, Clemens Von
name: Eisebitt, Stefan
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: magnetism
subject: spin dynamics
subject: ferrimagnets
subject: transition-metal rare-earth alloys
subject: ultrafast magnetization dynamics

description: We report on time- and angle-resolved transverse magneto-optical Kerr effect spectroscopy in the soft x-ray range that, by analysis via polarization-dependent magnetic scattering simulations, allows us to determine the spatiotemporal and element-specific evolution of femtosecond laser-induced spin dynamics in nanostructured magnetic materials. In a ferrimagnetic GdFe thin-film system, we correlate a reshaping spectrum of the magneto-optical Kerr signal to depth-dependent magnetization dynamics and disentangle contributions due to nonequilibrium electron transport and nanoscale heat diffusion on their intrinsic timescales. Our Letter provides a quantitative insight into light-driven spin dynamics occurring at buried interfaces of complex magnetic heterostructures, which can be tailored and functionalized for future optospintronic devices.
title: Upper and lower limbs composition: a comparison between anthropometry and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in healthy people.
Creators: name: Guerri, Sara
Publisher: name: European Society of Muscoskeletal Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Outcomes
subject: Metabolic disorders
subject: Normal variants
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Absorptiometry / Bone densitometry
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Extremities

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Evidences concerning the importance of body composition (BC) have grown rapidly in the last few years [1-3]. Identifying physiological or pathological BC changes at limbs relies primarily on the availability of simple and accurate methods for...
Implicit Obstacle Map-driven Indoor Navigation Model for Robust Obstacle Avoidance
Creators: name: Xie, Wei
name: Jiang, Haobo
name: Gu, Shuo
name: Xie, Jin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Robust obstacle avoidance is one of the critical steps for successful goal-driven indoor navigation tasks.Due to the obstacle missing in the visual image and the possible missed detection issue, visual image-based obstacle avoidance techniques still suffer from unsatisfactory robustness. To mitigate it, in this paper, we propose a novel implicit obstacle map-driven indoor navigation framework for robust obstacle avoidance, where an implicit obstacle map is learned based on the historical trial-and-error experience rather than the visual image. In order to further improve the navigation efficiency, a non-local target memory aggregation module is designed to leverage a non-local network to model the intrinsic relationship between the target semantic and the target orientation clues during the navigation process so as to mine the most target-correlated object clues for the navigation decision. Extensive experimental results on AI2-Thor and RoboTHOR benchmarks verify the excellent obstacle avoidance and navigation efficiency of our proposed method. The core source code is available at https://github.com/xwaiyy123/object-navigation.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, 43 references. This paper has been accepted for ACM MM 2023
Search and Harvesting across NFDI Consortia - Gaps and Challenges
Creators: name: Mathiak, Brigitte
name: Widmann, Heinrich
name: Heyer, Gerhard
name: Henzen, Christin
name: Czerniak, Andreas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: research data management
data search
harvesting

description: Search and harvesting use cases on harmonized metadata play an important role in several NFDI consortia (see Meta(data), Terminology and Provenance section concept). The working group Search and Harvesting works on a common understanding of user requirements (for search) and service requirements (for harvesting), analysis of the data sources landscape, and recommendations - with respect to common and specific needs, e.g., for spatial or sensitive data. On this poster, we present as our first outcome an overview on identified and structured search and harvesting gaps and challenges across NFDI consortia, which fosters a common understanding of a multidisciplinary vision for search & harvesting solutions.
Star-plus-wormhole systems with two interacting scalar fields
Creators: name: Dzhunushaliev, Vladimir
name: Folomeev, Vladimir
name: Urazalina, Ajnur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study static, spherically symmetric mixed configurations with a nontrivial (wormhole) spacetime topology provided by the presence of two interacting ghost scalar fields. Wormhole is assumed to be filled by a perfect relativistic neutron fluid modeled by a polytropic equation of state. For such mixed configurations, we find regular, asymptotically flat general relativistic solutions. It is shown that the maximum of the fluid density is always shifted from the center, and the resulting configurations represent, in general, double-throat systems.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, minor corrections to content, new references added, version published in IJMPD. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1401.7093
A Cohesin-Based Partitioning Mechanism Revealed upon Transcriptional Inactivation of Centromere
Creators: name: Snider, Chloe E.
name: Hine, Rebecca M.
name: Harrison, Benjamin
name: Bloom, Kerry
name: Tsabar, Michael
name: Kaminsky, Lila
name: Haber, James E.
name: Eldridge, Brittany
name: Haase, Julian
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Transcriptional inactivation of the budding yeast centromere has been a widely used tool in studies of chromosome segregation and aneuploidy. In haploid cells when an essential chromosome contains a single conditionally inactivated centromere (GAL-CEN), cell growth rate is slowed and segregation fidelity is reduced; but colony formation is nearly 100%. Pedigree analysis revealed that only 30% of the time both mother and daughter cell inherit the GAL-CEN chromosome. The reduced segregation capacity of the GAL-CEN chromosome is further compromised upon reduction of pericentric cohesin (mcm21∆), as reflected in a further diminishment of the Mif2 kinetochore protein at GAL-CEN. By redistributing cohesin from the nucleolus to the pericentromere (by deleting SIR2), there is increased presence of the kinetochore protein Mif2 at GAL-CEN and restoration of cell viability. These studies identify the ability of cohesin to promote chromosome segregation via kinetochore assembly, in a situation where the centromere has been severely compromised.
Information management in the facilities domain: investigating practitioner priorities
Creators: name: Shaw, Conor
name: Andrade Pereira, Flávia De
name: McNally, Ciaran
name: Farghaly, Karim
name: Hartmann, Timo
name: O'Donnell, James
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 690 Hausbau, Bauhandwerk
subject: facilities
subject: facility management
subject: information management
subject: practitioner interview
subject: exploratory research
subject: thematic synthesis
subject: systemic
subject: drivers
subject: challenges
subject: opportunities

description: Purpose: Effective information management can help real estate operators improve asset performance during use, reducing environmental impact. The purpose of this exploratory study is to identify and prioritise key drivers, challenges and opportunities relating to information management, from the point of view of a diverse cohort of facilities practitioners, with the aim of guiding future research direction and contributing to a comprehensive domain understanding. Design/methodology/approach: Nine interviews are conducted across a broad sample of real estate sectors, the respondents including six facility managers and three data managers. A thematic analysis results in the identification and ranking in terms of importance of 44 emergent themes. These themes are then grouped into abstracted categories for analysis and synthesis. Findings: This study indicates that systemic rather than technical issues are the greatest barrier to effective information management for facilities practitioners, the interviews providing examples of practical measures which address these challenges, promoting lifecycle thinking. Alignment is also found between the facilities and data management cohorts regarding lifecycle thinking towards both physical assets and information. Practical implications: This study provides direction for future developments in the facilities sector, suggesting the pursuit to address systemic issues as being both worthwhile and feasible. Originality/value: The novelty of this study is the ranking and synthesis of practitioner priorities with regard to high-level information management issues which is lacking in the literature, with a focus to-date on case-specific technical integration.