cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mobilising Land Mobility in the European Union: An Under-Researched Phenomenon
Creators: name: Conway, Shane Francis
name: Farrell, Maura
name: McDonagh, John
name: Kinsella, Anne
name: Conway, Shane Francis
name: Farrell, Maura
name: McDonagh, John
name: Kinsella, Anne
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: land mobility
subject: access to land
subject: generational renewal
subject: family farming
subject: rural sustainability

description: Interest in land mobility and its impact on the structural development and economic growth of the agricultural sector has grown considerably amid concerns about the ageing European farming population. There have been calls throughout Europe for structural and institutional deterrents obstructing the passage of farmland from the older to younger generation of farmers to overcome this phenomenon and help facilitate generational renewal in agriculture. Nonetheless, gaining access to land is widely reported to be the single largest barrier facing young people attempting to enter farming. Whilst land mobility is given homogenous importance throughout Europe, this view point paper highlights that policies and regulations relating to land differ considerably across EU Member States. There is also a surprising scarcity of literature and academic discussion on access to land in a European context, despite its crucial role in the survival, continuity and future prosperity of the farming industry and the broader sustainability of rural communities. By focussing on the key policy and structural issues hampering access to agricultural land throughout Europe, and using the Republic of Ireland’s Land Mobility Service as a good practice example of how to help facilitate the process, this paper provides a rationale for why a major European study is required to investigate the factors which influence land mobility in each of the 27 EU Member States in order to inform future Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) Strategic Plans, particularly in relation to generational renewal objectives.
Mechanisms governing phonon scattering by topological defects in graphene nanoribbons
Creators: name: Zhu, Ziming
name: Yang, Xiaolong
name: Huang, Mingyuan
name: He, Qingfeng
name: Yang, Guang
name: Wang, Zhao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding phonon scattering by topological defects in graphene is of particular interest for thermal management in graphene-based devices. We present a study that quantifies the roles of the different mechanisms governing defect phonon scattering by comparing the effects of ten different defect structures using molecular dynamics. Our results show that phonon scattering is mainly influenced by mass density difference, with general trends governed by the defect formation energy and typical softening behaviors in the phonon density of state. The phonon scattering cross-section is found to be far larger than that geometrically occupied by the defects. We also show that the lattice thermal conductivity can be reduced by a factor of up to ~30 in the presence of the grain boundaries formed by these defects.
High rate, fast timing Glass RPC for the high $η$ CMS muon detectors
Creators: name: Gouzevitch, Maxime
name: Lagarde, François
name: Laktineh, Imad
name: Buridon, Victor
name: Chen, Xiushan
name: Combaret, Christophe
name: Eynard, Alexis
name: Germani, Lionel
name: Grenier, Gerald
name: Mathez, Hervé
name: Mirabito, Laurent
name: Petrukhin, Alexei
name: Steen, Arnaud
name: Tromeur, William
name: Wang, Yi
name: Wang, Fuyue
name: Moreau, Nathalie
name: de la Taille, Christophe
name: Dulucq, Fréderic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The HL-LHC phase is designed to increase by an order of magnitude the amount of data to be collected by the LHC experiments. To achieve this goal in a reasonable time scale the instantaneous luminosity would also increase by an order of magnitude up to $6 \cdot 10^{34}$ cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$. The region of the forward muon spectrometer ($|η| > 1.6$) is not equipped with RPC stations. The increase of the expected particles rate up to 2 kHz/cm$^2$ ( including a safety factor 3 ) motivates the installation of RPC chambers to guarantee redundancy with the CSC chambers already present. The actual RPC technology of CMS cannot sustain the expected background level. A new generation Glass-RPC (GRPC) using low resistivity glass (LR) is proposed to equip at least the two most far away of the four high eta muon stations of CMS. The design of small size prototypes and the studies of their performances under high rate particles flux is presented.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, proceeding for the conference VCI 2016
Abelian tensor hierarchy and Chern-Simons actions in 4D N=1 conformal supergravity
Creators: name: Yokokura, Ryo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider Chern-Simons actions of Abelian tensor hierarchy of $p$-form gauge fields in four-dimensional ${\cal N}=1$ supergravity. Using conformal superspace formalism, we solve the constraints on the field strengths of the $p$-form gauge superfields in the presence of the tensor hierarchy. The solutions are expressed by the prepotentials of the $p$-form gauge superfields. We show the internal and superconformal transformation laws of the prepotentials. The descent formalism for the Chern-Simons actions is exhibited.
description: 19 pages
Spontaneous Breaking of Lorentz Symmetry with an antisymmetric tensor
Creators: name: Hernaski, Carlos A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spontaneous violation of Lorentz symmetry by the vacuum condensation of an antisymmetric $2$-tensor is considered. The coset construction for nonlinear realization of spacetime symmetries is employed to build the most general low-energy effective action for the Goldstone modes interacting with photons. We analyze the model within the context of the Standard-Model Extension and noncommutative QED. Experimental bounds for some parameters of the model are discussed, and we readdress the subtle issues of stability and causality in Lorentz non-invariant scenarios. Besides the two photon polarizations, just one Goldstone mode must be dynamical to set a sensible low-energy effective model, and the enhancement of the stability by accounting interaction terms points to a protection against observational Lorentz violation.
description: 36 pages
Electrochemical evaluation using alternative fuel electrode materials for syngas production via high temperature CO₂/H₂O co-electrolysis
Creators: name: Heringer Boucas, Mariana
Publisher: name: The University of St Andrews
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: SOEC
subject: Alternative fuel electrode
subject: High temperature
subject: EIS
subject: I-V curve
subject: TK2933.S65H4
subject: Solid oxide fuel cells
subject: High temperature electrolysis

description: This Project was focused on the electrochemical evaluation of alternative Fuel Electrode (FE) materials for syngas production under HT H₂O/CO₂ co-electrolysis. The use of AC Impedance and I-V curve measurements on solid oxide electrolyser cells were crucial for the investigation. Optimization of the FE applied, by mainly identifying the case exhibiting the lowest polarisation resistance (Rp) value, and comparison between the three different materials utilized, were also part of the Project’s scope. The first FE material applied was the state-of-art Ni-YSZ leading on to La₀.₄₃Ca₀.₃₇Ni₀.₀₆Ti₀.₉₄O₃-δ (LCNT) and La₀.₅₂Sr₀.₂₈Ni₀.₀₆Ti₀.₉₄94₃-δ (LSNT) perovskites oxides. The motivation for investigating LCNT was based on literature and good results obtained within Prof. JTSI group at University of St. Andrews. Stability tests, different temperatures, voltages, flow rates and gas compositions (varying %H₂O, %CO₂, %H₂) were examined. The evaluation of LSNT material was part of a collaboration work with Dr. Sanchez mostly aiming the comparison with LCNT performance under similar conditions. When cells were supplied with 0%H₂O, Rp values were substantially greater indicating that for a reasonable performance at least 3%H₂O is necessary. However, when only 3%H₂O was utilized under zero or low %CO₂ cells starved. The presence of 50%H₂O extinguished such problems and led to lower Rp values when applying both Ni and LCNT. In addition, higher CO₂ content led to lower electrode resistance in all cases studied. Both perovskites displayed the lowest Rp values under 50%H₂O:0%H₂, whereas Ni-YSZ, due to its redox instability, exhibited very high Rp figures under 0%H₂, confirming the mandatory use of safe gas when applying Ni cermet. It displayed the lowest Rp values under 15%H₂. To summarize, LCNT proved to be an outstanding replacement for Ni cermet exhibiting good stability and performance with low Rp values under several different conditions especially when operating in the absence of H₂.
Novel approaches for in situ extraction of heterologous metabolites from living microalgae cultures
Creators: name: Overmans, Sebastian
name: Lauersen, Kyle J.
Publisher: name: KAUST Research Repository
Year: 2023

description: Genetic engineering of microbes is an established technology used to enhance the production of heterologous metabolites which opens new opportunities for the sustainable production of valuable compounds. These technologies have recently been applied to microalgae, especially in the model Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. At small scale, petroleum-based hydrophobic solvents such as dodecane can be added on top of microbial cultures to capture hydrocarbon products like isoprenoids. However, this approach has considerable downsides at larger scales, such as the difficulty of handling organic solvents, potential contamination with unwanted byproducts, and the formation of micelles at the culture-solvent interface during gas sparging. Here, we present three promising novel methods to extract the C. reinhardtii-produced heterologous isoprenoid patchoulol from living culture. This work includes the use of a hydrophobic hollow-fiber membrane contactor to provide a large surface area between algae culture and a dodecane phase. Subsequent continuous membrane extraction of patchoulol from dodecane enables product concentration in a methanol stream and dodecane recovery for its reuse. Perfluorocarbon liquids (FCs) and functionalized silica microparticles can also act as physical sinks for microbially produced isoprenoids during cultivation, but unlike dodecane, they are stable, inert, and amenable to direct liquid-liquid/solid-liquid extraction with alcohols for rapid product isolation. The ability of FCs to form distinct high-density underlays enables the cultivation of microbes at the FC-culture medium interface, which further extends their application to filamentous or mat-forming organisms. The three approaches presented here are all promising alternatives to traditional dodecane-overlay extractions that can open new avenues in bioprocess design for engineered microalgal chassis heterologous metabolite milking.
Galaxy Zoo: comparing the demographics of spiral arm number and a new method for correcting redshift bias
Creators: name: Hart, Ross E.
name: Bamford, Steven P.
name: Willett, Kyle W.
name: Masters, Karen L.
name: Cardamone, Carolin
name: Lintott, Chris J.
name: Mackay, Robert J.
name: Nichol, Robert C.
name: Rosslowe, Christopher K.
name: Simmons, Brooke D.
name: Smethurst, Rebecca J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The majority of galaxies in the local Universe exhibit spiral structure with a variety of forms. Many galaxies possess two prominent spiral arms, some have more, while others display a many-armed flocculent appearance. Spiral arms are associated with enhanced gas content and star-formation in the disks of low-redshift galaxies, so are important in the understanding of star-formation in the local universe. As both the visual appearance of spiral structure, and the mechanisms responsible for it vary from galaxy to galaxy, a reliable method for defining spiral samples with different visual morphologies is required. In this paper, we develop a new debiasing method to reliably correct for redshift-dependent bias in Galaxy Zoo 2, and release the new set of debiased classifications. Using these, a luminosity-limited sample of ~18,000 Sloan Digital Sky Survey spiral galaxies is defined, which are then further sub-categorised by spiral arm number. In order to explore how different spiral galaxies form, the demographics of spiral galaxies with different spiral arm numbers are compared. It is found that whilst all spiral galaxies occupy similar ranges of stellar mass and environment, many-armed galaxies display much bluer colours than their two-armed counterparts. We conclude that two-armed structure is ubiquitous in star-forming disks, whereas many-armed spiral structure appears to be a short-lived phase, associated with more recent, stochastic star-formation activity.
description: Accepted to MNRAS, 22 pages, 19 figures, 2 tables
Reflectivity calculated for a 3D silicon photonic band gap crystal with finite support
Creators: name: Devashish, D.
name: Hasan, Shakeeb B.
name: van der Vegt, J. J. W.
name: Vos, Willem L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study numerically the reflectivity of three-dimensional (3D) photonic crystals with a complete 3D photonic band gap, with the aim to interpret recent experiments. We employ the finite element method to study crystals with the cubic diamond-like inverse woodpile structure. The high-index backbone has a dielectric function similar to silicon. We study crystals with a range of thicknesses up to ten unit cells ($L \leq 10 c$). The crystals are surrounded by vacuum, and have a finite support as in experiments. The polarization-resolved reflectivity spectra reveal Fabry-P{é}rot fringes related to standing waves in the finite crystal, as well as broad stop bands with nearly $100~\%$ reflectivity, even for thin crystals. From the strong reflectivity peaks, it is inferred that the maximum reflectivity observed in experiments is not limited by finite size. The frequency ranges of the stop bands are in excellent agreement with stop gaps in the photonic band structure, that pertain to infinite and perfect crystals. The frequency ranges of the observed stop bands hardly change with angle of incidence, which is plausible since the stop bands are part of the 3D band gap. Moreover, this result supports the previous assertion that intense reflection peaks measured with a large numerical aperture provide a faithful signature of the 3D photonic band gap. The Bragg attenuation lengths $L_{B}$ exceed the earlier estimates based on the width of the stop band by a factor $6$ to $9$. Hence crystals with a thickness of $12$ unit cells studied in experiments are in the thick crystal limit ($L >> L_{B}$). In our calculations for p-polarized waves, we also observe an intriguing hybridization of the zero reflection of Fabry-P{é}rot fringes and the Brewster angle, which has not yet been observed in experiments.
Two-dimensionalization of the flow driven by a slowly rotating impeller in a rapidly rotating fluid
Creators: name: Machicoane, Nathanaël
name: Moisy, Frédéric
name: Cortet, Pierre-Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We characterize the two-dimensionalization process in the turbulent flow produced by an impeller rotating at a rate $ω$ in a fluid rotating at a rate $Ω$ around the same axis for Rossby number $Ro=ω/Ω$ down to $10^{-2}$. The flow can be described as the superposition of a large-scale vertically invariant global rotation and small-scale shear layers detached from the impeller blades. As $Ro$ decreases, the large-scale flow is subjected to azimuthal modulations. In this regime, the shear layers can be described in terms of wakes of inertial waves traveling with the blades, originating from the velocity difference between the non-axisymmetric large-scale flow and the blade rotation. The wakes are well defined and stable at low Rossby number, but they become disordered at $Ro$ of order of 1. This experiment provides insight into the route towards pure two-dimensionalization induced by a background rotation for flows driven by a non-axisymmetric rotating forcing.
description: Accepted for publication in Physical Review Fluids
Far-reaching Dust Distribution in Galaxy Disks
Creators: name: Smith, Matthew W. L.
name: Eales, Stephen A.
name: De Looze, Ilse
name: Baes, Maarten
name: Bendo, George J.
name: Bianchi, Simone
name: Boquien, Médéric
name: Boselli, Alessandro
name: Buat, Veronique
name: Ciesla, Laure
name: Clemens, Marcel
name: Clements, David L.
name: Cooray, Asantha R.
name: Cortese, Luca
name: Davies, Jonathan I.
name: Fritz, Jacopo
name: Gomez, Haley L.
name: Hughes, Thomas M.
name: Karczewski, Oskar Ł.
name: Lu, Nanyao
name: Oliver, Seb J.
name: Remy-Ruyer, Aurélie
name: Spinoglio, Luigi
name: Viaene, Sebastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In most studies of dust in galaxies, dust is only detected from its emission to approximately the optical radius of the galaxy. By combining the signal of 110 spiral galaxies observed as part of the Herschel Reference Survey, we are able to improve our sensitivity by an order-of-magnitude over that for a single object. Here we report the direct detection of dust from its emission that extends out to at least twice the optical radius. We find that the distribution of dust is consistent with an exponential at all radii with a gradient of ~-1.7 dex R$_{25}^{-1}$. Our dust temperature declines linearly from ~25 K in the centre to 15 K at R$_{25}$ from where it remains constant out to ~2.0 R$_{25}$. The surface-density of dust declines with radius at a similar rate to the surface-density of stars but more slowly than the surface-density of the star-formation rate. Studies based on dust extinction and reddening of high-redshift quasars have concluded that there are substantial amounts of dust in intergalactic space. By combining our results with the number counts and angular correlation function from the SDSS, we show that with Milky Way type dust we can explain the reddening of the quasars by the dust within galactic disks alone. Given the uncertainties in the properties of any intergalactic dust, we cannot rule out its existence, but our results show that statistical investigations of the dust in galactic halos that use the reddening of high-redshift objects must take account of the dust in galactic disks.
description: 15 Pages, 7 Figures. Accepted to MNRAS 2016 July 4. Received 2016 July 4; in original form 2015 December 6
Heisenberg-like uncertainty measures for $D$-dimensional hydrogenic systems at large D
Creators: name: Toranzo, I. V.
name: Martinez-Finkelshtein, A.
name: Dehesa, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The radial expectation values of the probability density of a quantum system in position and momentum spaces allow one to describe numerous physical quantities of the system as well as to find generalized Heisenberg-like uncertainty relations and to bound entropic uncertainty measures. It is known that the position and momentum expectation values of the main prototype of the $D$-dimensional Coulomb systems, the $D$-dimensional hydrogenic system, can be expressed in terms of some generalized hypergeometric functions of the type $_{p+1}F_p(z)$ evaluated at unity with $p=2$ and $p=3$, respectively. In this work we determine the position and momentum expectation values in the limit of large $D$ for all hydrogenic states from ground to very excited (Rydberg) ones in terms of the spatial dimensionality and the hyperquantum numbers of the state under consideration. This is done by means of two different approaches to calculate the leading term of the special functions $_{3}F_2\left(1\right)$ and $_{5}F_4\left(1\right)$ involved in the large $D$ limit of the position and momentum quantities. Then, these quantities are used to obtain the generalized Heisenberg-like and logarithmic uncertainty relations, and some upper and lower bounds to the entropic uncertainty measures (Shannon, Rényi, Tsallis) of the $D$-dimensional hydrogenic system.
Slope of the lateral density function of extensive air showers around the knee region as an indicator of shower age
Creators: name: Dey, Rajat K.
name: Dam, Sandip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analyzing simulated extensive air shower (EAS) events generated with the Monte Carlo code CORSIKA, this paper critically studies the characteristics of lateral distribution of electrons in EAS around the knee energy region of the energy spectrum of primary cosmic rays. The study takes into account the issue of lateral shower age parameter as indicator of the stage of development of showers in the atmosphere. The correlation of lateral shower age parameter with other EAS observables is examined, using simulated data in the context of its possible use in a multi-parameter study of EAS, with a view to obtaining information about the nature of the shower initiating primaries at sea level EAS experiments. It is shown that the observed slope of the lateral density function in the 3-dimensional plot at least for the KASCADE data supports the idea of a transition from light to heavy mass composition around the knee.
description: 14 pages, 19 figures, accepted in EPJ
Modellierung und Steuerung von Eilaufträgen in der Produktion
Creators: name: Trzyna, Daniel
Publisher: name: TUHH Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Produktionsplanung und -steuerung
subject: Eilaufträge
subject: Fertigungssteuerung
subject: Produktion
classificationCode: 620
subject: Ingenieurwissenschaften

description: Heterogene Wunsch-Lieferzeiten sind ein wesentlicher Wandlungstreiber für Auftragsfertiger. Ihre Beherrschung stößt bislang an Grenzen, wenn ein Teil der Wunsch-Lieferzeiten die intern erreichbaren Durchlaufzeiten unterschreitet. Es entsteht ein Bedarf für Eilaufträge. In dieser Arbeit werden umfassende Modellierungsansätze für die Durchlaufzeiten von Eil- und Normalaufträgen und für die Konkurrenzwahrscheinlichkeit von Eilaufträgen entwickelt. Um eine hohe logistische Zielerreichung für Eil- und Normalaufträge zu erreichen, wird ein Auftragsannahmeverfahren entwickelt und in verschiedenen Konfigurationen der Fertigungssteuerung für eine Fertigung mit Eilaufträgen simulativ evaluiert.
description: Heterogeneous requested delivery times are essential conversion drivers for contract manufacturers. Their control is limited when the requested delivery times partly fall below the internal throughput times. A need for rush orders arises. In this work extensive modelings are developed for the throughput times of rush and standard orders as well as for the rush order concurrence. To assure a high logistic performance, an order acceptance prodecure is built up and tested in different configurations of the manufacturing control for rush orders.
Interaction-induced metallic state in graphene on hexagonal boron nitride
Creators: name: Xu, Jin-Rong
name: Song, Ze-Yi
name: Yuan, Chen-Guang
name: Zhang, Yu-Zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Coulomb interaction is widely known to enhance the effective mass of interacting particles and therefore tends to favor a localized state at commensurate filling. Here, we will show that, in contrast to this consensus, in a van der Waals heterostructure consisting of graphene and hexagon boron nitride (h-BN), the onsite Coulomb repulsion will at first destroy the localized state. This is due to the fact that the onsite Coulomb repulsion tends to suppress the asymmetry between neighboring carbons induced by h-BN substrate. We corroborate this surprising phenomenon by solving a tight-binding model with onsite Coulomb repulsion treated within coherent potential approximation, where hopping parameters are derived from density functional theory calculations based on the graphene/h-BN heterostructure. Our results indicate that both gapless and gapped states observed experimentally in graphene/h-BN heterostructures can be understood after a realistic value of the onsite Coulomb repulsion as well as different interlayer distances are taken into account. Finally, we propose ways to enhance the gapped state which is essential for potential application of graphene to next-generation electronics. Furthermore, we argue that band gap suppressed by many-body effect should happen in other van der Waals heterostructures.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
A compact two-phase twisted string actuation system: Modeling and validation
Creators: name: Tavakoli, Mahmoud
name: Batista, Rafael
name: Neto, Pedro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose a compact twisted string actuation system that achieves a high contraction percentage (81%) on two phases: multi string twist and overtwist. This type of system can be used in many robotic applications, such as robotic hands and exoskeletons. The overtwist phase enables the development of more compact actuators based on the twisted string systems. Furthermore, by analyzing the previously developed mathematical models, we found out that a constant radius model should be applied for the overtwisting phase. Moreover, we propose an improvement of an existing model for prediction of the radius of the multi string system after they twist around each other. This model helps to better estimate the bundle diameter which results in a more precise mathematical model for multi string systems. The model was validated by performing experiments with 2, 4, 6 and 8 string systems. Finally, we performed extensive life cycle tests with different loads and contractions to find out the expected life of the system.
description: in Mechanism and Machine Theory, 2016
The granularity effect in amorphous InGaZnO$_4$ films prepared by rf sputtering method
Creators: name: Zhang, Hui
name: Xie, Xin-Jian
name: Zhang, Xin-Hua
name: Li, Zhi-Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We systematically investigated the temperature behaviors of the electrical conductivity and Hall coefficient of two series of amorphous indium gallium zinc oxides (a-IGZO) films prepared by rf sputtering method. The two series of films are $\sim$700\,nm and $\sim$25\,nm thick, respectively. For each film, the conductivity increases with decreasing temperature from 300\,K to $T_{\rm max}$, where $T_{\rm max}$ is the temperature at which the conductivity reaches its maximum. Below $T_{\rm max}$, the conductivity decreases with decreasing temperature. Both the conductivity and Hall coefficient vary linearly with $\ln T$ at low temperature regime. The $\ln T$ behaviors of conductivity and Hall coefficient cannot be explained by the traditional electron-electron interaction theory, but can be quantitatively described by the current electron-electron theory due to the presence of granularity. Combining with the scanning electron microscopy images of the films, we propose that the boundaries between the neighboring a-IGZO particles could make the film inhomogeneous and play an important role in the electron transport processes.
description: 4 pages and 4 figures
Periodic structures described by the perturbed Burgers-Korteweg-de Vries equation
Creators: name: Kudryashov, Nikolai A.
name: Sinelshchikov, Dmitry I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the perturbed Burgers-Korteweg-de Vries equation. This equation can be used for the description of nonlinear waves in a liquid with gas bubbles and for the description of nonlinear waves on a fluid layer flowing down an inclined plane. We investigate the integrability of this equation using the Painlevé approach. We show that the perturbed Burgers-Korteweg-de Vries equation does not belong to the class of integrable equations. Classical and nonclassical symmetries admitted by this equation and corresponding symmetry reductions are constructed. New types of periodic analytical structures described by the Burgers-Korteweg-de Vries equation are found.
Initial sequences and Waldschmidt constants of planar point configurations
Creators: name: Farnik, Łucja
name: Gwoździewicz, Janusz
name: Hejmej, Beata
name: Lampa-Baczyńska, Magdalena
name: Malara, Grzegorz
name: Szpond, Justyna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14C20, 14J26, 14N20, 13A15, 13F20

description: The purpose of this work is to extend the classification of planar point configurations with low Waldschmidt constants for all values less than $5/2$. As a consequence we prove a conjecture of Dumnicki, Szemberg and Tutaj-Gasińska concerning initial sequences with low first differences.
description: 11 pages, 13 figures
Algebro-Geometric approach for a centrally extended U_q[sl(2|2)] R-matrix
Creators: name: Martins, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate the algebraic geometric nature of a solution of the Yang-Baxter equation based on the quantum deformation of the centrally extended $sl(2|2)$ superalgebra proposed by Beisert and Koroteev \cite{BEKO}. We derive an alternative representation for the $\mathrm{R}$-matrix in which the matrix elements are given in terms of rational functions depending on weights sited on a degree six surface. For generic gauge the weights geometry are governed by a genus one ruled surface while for a symmetric gauge choice the weights lie instead on a genus five curve. We have written down the polynomial identities satisfied by the $\mathrm{R}$-matrix entries needed to uncover the corresponding geometric properties. For arbitrary gauge the $\mathrm{R}$-matrix geometry is argued to be birational to the direct product $\mathbb{CP}^1 \times \mathbb{CP}^1 \times \mathrm{A}$ where $\mathrm{A}$ is an Abelian surface. For the symmetric gauge we present evidences that the geometric content is that of a surface of general type lying on the so-called Severi line with irregularity two and geometric genus nine. We discuss potential geometric degenerations when the two free couplings are restricted to certain one-dimensional subspaces.
description: 24 pages
Detection of unresolved binaries with multicolor photometry
Creators: name: Chulkov, D.
name: Prokhorov, M.
name: Malkov, O.
name: Sichevskij, S.
name: Krussanova, N.
name: Mironov, A.
name: Zakharov, A.
name: Kniazev, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The principal goal of this paper is to specify conditions of detection of unresolved binaries by multicolor photometry. We have developed a method for estimating the critical distance at which an unresolved binary of given mass and age can be detected. The method is applied to the photometric system of the planned Lyra-B spaceborne experiment. We have shown that some types of unresolved binary stars can be discovered and distinguished from single stars solely by means of photometric observations.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
High Accuracy Android Malware Detection Using Ensemble Learning
Creators: name: Yerima, Suleiman Y.
name: Sezer, Sakir
name: Muttik, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With over 50 billion downloads and more than 1.3 million apps in the Google official market, Android has continued to gain popularity amongst smartphone users worldwide. At the same time there has been a rise in malware targeting the platform, with more recent strains employing highly sophisticated detection avoidance techniques. As traditional signature based methods become less potent in detecting unknown malware, alternatives are needed for timely zero-day discovery. Thus this paper proposes an approach that utilizes ensemble learning for Android malware detection. It combines advantages of static analysis with the efficiency and performance of ensemble machine learning to improve Android malware detection accuracy. The machine learning models are built using a large repository of malware samples and benign apps from a leading antivirus vendor. Experimental results and analysis presented shows that the proposed method which uses a large feature space to leverage the power of ensemble learning is capable of 97.3 to 99 percent detection accuracy with very low false positive rates.
On multivariable cumulant polynomial sequences with applications
Creators: name: Di Nardo, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A new family of polynomials, called cumulant polynomial sequence, and its extensions to the multivariate case is introduced relied on a purely symbolic combinatorial method. The coefficients of these polynomials are cumulants, but depending on what is plugged in the indeterminates, either sequences of moments either sequences of cumulants can be recovered. The main tool is a formal generalization of random sums, also with a multivariate random index and not necessarily integer-valued. Applications are given within parameter estimations, Lévy processes and random matrices and, more generally, problems involving multivariate functions. The connection between exponential models and multivariable Sheffer polynomial sequences offers a different viewpoint in characterizing these models. Some open problems end the paper.
description: 17 pages, In press
Flow polynomials as Feynman amplitudes and their $α$-representation
Creators: name: Lerner, Eduard Yu.
name: Kuptsov, Andrey P.
name: Mukhamedjanova, Sofya A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C31, 05C21

description: Let $G$ be a connected graph; denote by $τ(G)$ the set of its spanning trees. Let $\mathbb F_q$ be a finite field, $s(α,G)=\sum_{T\inτ(G)} \prod_{e \in E(T)} α_e$, where ${α_e\in \mathbb F_q}$. Kontsevich conjectured in 1997 that the number of nonzero values of $s(α, G)$ is a polynomial in $q$ for all graphs. This conjecture was disproved by Brosnan and Belkale. In this paper, using the standard technique of the Fourier transformation of Feynman amplitudes, we express the flow polynomial $F_G(q)$ in terms of the "correct" Kontsevich formula. Our formula represents $F_G(q)$ as a linear combination of Legendre symbols of $s(α, H)$ with coefficients $\pm 1/q^{(|V(H)|-1)/2}$, where $H$ is a contracted graph of $G$ depending on $α\in \left(\mathbb F^*_q\right)^{E(G)}$, and $|V(H)|$ is odd. The case $q=5$ corresponds to the least number with which all coefficients in the linear combination are positive. This allows us to hope that the obtained result can be applied to prove the Tutte 5-flow conjecture.
description: 18 pages
Accretion on Reissner-Nordstrom-(anti)-de Sitter Black Hole with Global Monopole
Creators: name: Ahmed, Ayyesha K.
name: Camci, Ugur
name: Jamil, Mubasher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the accretion on the Reissner-Nordström anti-de-Sitter black hole with global monopole charge. We discuss the general solutions of accretion using the isothermal and polytropic equations of state for steady state, spherically symmetric, non-rotating accretion on the black hole. In the case of isothermal flow, we consider some specific fluids and derive their solutions at the sonic point as well. However, in case of polytropic fluid we calculate the general expressions only, as there exists no global (Bondi) solutions for polytropic test fluids. In addition to this, the effect of fluid on the mass accretion rate are also studied. Moreover, the large monopole parameter $β$ greatly suppresses the maximum accretion rate.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures, to appear in Classical and Quantum Gravity
RESPECT: Neutron Resonance Spin-Echo Spectrometer for Extreme Studies
Creators: name: Georgii, Robert
name: Kindervater, Jonas
name: Pfleiderer, Christian
name: Böni, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose the design of a Resonance SPin-echo spECtrometer for exTreme studies, RESPECT, that is ideally suited for the exploration of non-dispersive processes such as diffusion, crystallization, slow dynamics, tunneling processes, crystal electric field excitations, and spin fluctuations. It is a variant of the conventional neutron spin-echo technique (NSE) by i) replacing the long precession coils by pairs of longitudinal neutron spin-echo coils combined with RF-spin flippers and ii) by stabilizing the neutron polarization with small longitudinal guide fields that can in addition be used as field subtraction coils thus allowing to adjust the field integrals over a range of 8 orders of magnitude. Therefore, the dynamic range of RESPECT can in principle be varied over 8 orders of magnitude in time, if neutrons with the required energy are made available. Similarly as for existing NSE-spectrometers, spin echo times of up to approximately 1 microsecond can be reached if the divergence and the correction elements are properly adjusted. Thanks to the optional use of neutron guides and the fact that the currents for the correction coils are much smaller than in standard NSE, intensity gains of at least one order of magnitude are expected , making the concept of RESPECT also competitive for operation at medium flux neutron sources. RESPECT can also be operated in a MIEZE configuration allowing the investigation of relaxation processes in depolarizing environments as they occur when magnetic fields are applied at the sample position, i.e. for the investigation of the dynamics of flux lines in superconductors, magnetic fluctuations in ferromagnetic materials, and samples containing hydrogen.
description: 14 pages, 22 figures
Язык как парадокс: антисимметрия и зеркальность в модели  Сфираль и концепциях Т.В. Черниговской
Creators: name: Басаргин, Олег Сергеевич
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: В статье анализируется природа языка как парадоксальной когнитивной системы на стыке биологии, семиотики и нейрофилософии. Сопоставляются идеи Т.В. Черниговской о двойственной природе языка с топологией модели "Сфираль", в частности, с её понятием антисимметричной структуры витков. Показано, что зеркало, дихотомия и асимметрия являются не метафорами, а фундаментальными принципами как лингвистических, так и когнитивных процессов. Предложен взгляд на язык как на структуру, организованную через S-узлы и антипары, отражающие инверсию смыслов, характерную для рефлексии, поэзии и парадоксальных форм мышления.

Ключевые слова: язык, антисимметрия, Черниговская, Сфираль, зеркальность, виток, смысловая инверсия, семиозис, узел, фрактальность
The Role of Spatial Scale in Electricity System Optimisation Models
Creators: name: Frysztacki, Martha Maria
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2023
Subjects: energy transition
energy system modelling
renewable energy
spatial clustering
inverse methods
disaggregation methods

description: To investigate possible pathways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the electricity sector, researchers build optimisation models that typically minimise the total system costs such that all technical and physical constraints are met. For systems based on renewable energy, whose greatest expansion potentials are found for wind and solar generation, the chief challenge is dealing with their variability. To tackle this challenge, the optimisation models typically include large transmission networks to smooth renewable feed-in in space or storage technologies to smooth the variability in time. However, all aspects of the energy system at all levels of detail cannot currently be contained in a single model because of computational constraints. Instead, one must make simplifications and compromises that affect the optimality of the result from the point of view of the complete system. While reductions on the temporal scale and linearisation approaches of the model formulation have been previously analysed, in this thesis we focus on the quantification of the impact of the spatial scale. This is important because it is scientific practice to simplify models spatially while only little is known on the error made by the aggregation. The contents of this dissertations spatial scale analysis are three-fold and build upon one another: (i) A novel clustering methodology enables us to disentangle and quantify the error that is made by spatially aggregating generation sites where renewable electricity can be sourced versus the error made by aggregating transmission lines and, thus, electricity interactions between spatially distributed substations. By clustering the network on both features in tandem, we can verify the results and learn which of these two effects dominates the optimisation. (ii) Insights from (i) are used to improve existing spatial aggregation methods and to develop novel similarity measures to be applied for clustering electricity system models such that the spatially simplified model can better approximate the original, highly-resolved model with respect to renewable generation sites and the transmission grid. (iii) The prevailing best clustering method is applied on optimisation models with high shares of renewable generation to investigate if the spatially clustered low-resolved solutions are feasible with regard to the full, spatially highly-resolved model. To this end we propose novel inverse methods to spatially disaggregate the coarse optimisation solution in terms of the resulting, aggregated variables across the highly dimensioned model.
The Role of Spatial Scale in Electricity System Optimisations
Creators: name: Frysztacki, Martha Maria
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2023
Subjects: energy transition
energy system modelling
renewable energy
spatial clustering
inverse methods
disaggregation methods

description: To investigate possible pathways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the electricity sector, researchers build optimisation models that typically minimise the total system costs such that all technical and physical constraints are met. For systems based on renewable energy, whose greatest expansion potentials are found for wind and solar generation, the chief challenge is dealing with their variability. To tackle this challenge, the optimisation models typically include large transmission networks to smooth renewable feed-in in space or storage technologies to smooth the variability in time. However, all aspects of the energy system at all levels of detail cannot currently be contained in a single model because of computational constraints. Instead, one must make simplifications and compromises that affect the optimality of the result from the point of view of the complete system. While reductions on the temporal scale and linearisation approaches of the model formulation have been previously analysed, in this thesis we focus on the quantification of the impact of the spatial scale. This is important because it is scientific practice to simplify models spatially while only little is known on the error made by the aggregation. The contents of this dissertations spatial scale analysis are three-fold and build upon one another: (i) A novel clustering methodology enables us to disentangle and quantify the error that is made by spatially aggregating generation sites where renewable electricity can be sourced versus the error made by aggregating transmission lines and, thus, electricity interactions between spatially distributed substations. By clustering the network on both features in tandem, we can verify the results and learn which of these two effects dominates the optimisation. (ii) Insights from (i) are used to improve existing spatial aggregation methods and to develop novel similarity measures to be applied for clustering electricity system models such that the spatially simplified model can better approximate the original, highly-resolved model with respect to renewable generation sites and the transmission grid. (iii) The prevailing best clustering method is applied on optimisation models with high shares of renewable generation to investigate if the spatially clustered low-resolved solutions are feasible with regard to the full, spatially highly-resolved model. To this end we propose novel inverse methods to spatially disaggregate the coarse optimisation solution in terms of the resulting, aggregated variables across the highly dimensioned model.
The Anomalous de Haas-van Alphen Effect in InAs/GaSb quantum wells
Creators: name: Knolle, Johannes
name: Cooper, Nigel R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The de Haas-van Alphen effect (dHvAe) describes the periodic oscillation of the magnetisation in a material as a function of inverse applied magnetic field. It forms the basis of a well established procedure for measuring Fermi surface properties and its observation is typically taken as a direct signature of a system being metallic. However, certain insulators can show similar oscillations of the magnetisation from quantisation of the energies of electron states in filled bands. Recently the theory of such an ${\it anomalous}$ dHvAe (AdHvAe) has been worked out but so far there is no clear experimental observation. Here, we show that the inverted narrow gap regime of InAs/GaSb quantum wells is an ideal platform for the observation of the AdHvAe. From our microscopic calculations we make quantitative predictions for the relevant magnetic field and temperature regimes, and describe unambiguous experimental signatures.
description: 4.1 pages, 3 figures