Cithaerias songoana Penz 2021, STAT. REV.
Creators: name: Penz, Carla M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Nymphalidae
Cithaerias
Cithaerias songoana

description: Cithaerias songoana (Langer) STAT. REV.
(Figs 5j–k, 8c, 9g, 10)
Callitaera songoana Langer, 1944; Gattung Callitaera Btlr. (Satyridae, Lep.). Entomologische Zeitschrift 57(15): 113–114.
Type locality: Bolivia.
Type material: The female lectotype of C. songoana is deposited in Zoologische Sammlung München, Germany.
Distribution. Only known from Bolivia (La Paz and Cochabamba departments). See map (Fig. 10) for locality of examined specimens.
Diagnosis. This species is defined based on the following combination of characters (numbered in Fig. 5j–k): (1) male HW submarginal and marginal bands broadly separated, marginal band thin, anal margin with a broad pink area; (2) male HW postmedial band proximal to the ocellus below M 1 thin, fragmented; (3) male HW postmedial band broad; (4) male HW scale cover dark pink, dense and limited to the tornus, covering the postmedial band and enclosing relatively large pink spots; (5) female similar to male but with wider HW brown bands. Male genitalia (Fig. 8c): in lateral view, uncus slightly curved at base; in dorsal view, the uncus and tegument form a dome-shaped outline and enclose a small fenestra. In lateral view, valva notably tall and short; in ventral view, valva broad and with a rounded indentation near the apex (larger and shallower than in pyropina), inner base of valva notably sclerotized and extended towards the sub-anal plate. In ventral view, saccus narrow anteriorly. Phallus straight, shorter than the genitalic capsule, vesica adorned with minute spines that extend slightly onto the shaft; phallobase wide, triangular. Sub-anal plate rectangular, longer than wide, adjacent area broad (much larger than in pyropyna), well sclerotized, and bearing large microtrichia. Female genitalia (Fig. 9g): sterigma forming a broad concave “cup” that is somewhat U-shaped, ostium bursae remarkably wide. Post-sterigmal area weakly sclerotized, rounded. Antrum short and highly sclerotized; ductus bursae short. Corpus bursae lacks signa.
Subspecies. None.
Remarks. The wing color pattern of C. songoana differs from C. pyropina by having dense pink scale cover in the tornus area (compare Fig. 5j–k to 5a–i). The color pattern of this species somewhat resembles that of C. aurora females (see Fig. 5b in Penz et al. 2014:553). Cithaerias songoana and C. pyropina also show some divergence in genitalia morphology, such as: the shapes of the phallobase, uncus, subscaphium, distal portion of the valva and sterigma, and the widths of the antrum and ductus bursae (compare Figs 8c to 8a–b, and Fig. 9g to 9e–f). These differences justify the species status for C. songoana proposed here.
Material examined: MALE: 1♂, Bolivia, Chapare, 14-05 Dissected by CM Penz (LACM); 2M, Bolivia, Las (sic) Yungas, Sep 1989 (FMNH). FEMALE: 1♀, Bolivia, Rio Songo (sic), 750m, 1914, 20-17 Dissected by CM Penz (MNHN; abdomen sent on loan, wing pattern examined from a photograph provided by Rodolphe Rougerie, Fig. 5k).
description: Published as part of Penz, Carla M., 2021, Revised species definitions and nomenclature of the blue and purple / rose Cithaerias butterflies (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae), pp. 293-316 in Zootaxa 4963 (2) on pages 310-311, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4963.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/4700886