cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Metal Triggered Self Assembly of Cell-Adhesive and Fluorinated Collagen Mimetic Peptides
Creators: name: Suresh, Vallabh
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2020
Subjects: Organic chemistry not elsewhere classified

description: Collagen I, a natural protein found in animal tissues, can self-assemble into fibrous matrices that support cell and tissue growth. Peptide mimics of collagen are able to recapitulate this selfassembly process towards the development of biomaterials for tissue engineering. In recent years, the metal mediated self-assembly of collagen mimetic peptides (CMPs) has allowed access to various particle morphologies. Herein, two studies are presented. In the first, NCOH-FOGER, a cell adhesive CMP capable of metal-triggered self-assembly, was utilized to develop a model system to mimic natural collagen’s interactions with endothelial cells. Notably, a cobalt(III)- NCoH-FOGER assembly was able to induce endothelial cells to form network-like structures. In the second, a CMP was modified to include an unnatural amino acid, L-4-trans-fluoroproline, which increased the thermostability of its folded state. The effect of this substitution on the morphology of self-assembled particles was evaluated.
Embedded Visual Prompt Tuning
Creators: name: Zu, Wenqiang
name: Xie, Shenghao
name: Zhao, Qing
name: Li, Guoqi
name: Ma, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Foundation models pre-trained on large-scale data have been widely witnessed to achieve success in various natural imaging downstream tasks. Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods aim to adapt foundation models to new domains by updating only a small portion of parameters in order to reduce computational overhead. However, the effectiveness of these PEFT methods, especially in cross-domain few-shot scenarios, e.g., medical image analysis, has not been fully explored. In this work, we facilitate the study of the performance of PEFT when adapting foundation models to medical image classification tasks. Furthermore, to alleviate the limitations of prompt introducing ways and approximation capabilities on Transformer architectures of mainstream prompt tuning methods, we propose the Embedded Prompt Tuning (EPT) method by embedding prompt tokens into the expanded channels. We also find that there are anomalies in the feature space distribution of foundation models during pre-training process, and prompt tuning can help mitigate this negative impact. To explain this phenomenon, we also introduce a novel perspective to understand prompt tuning: Prompt tuning is a distribution calibrator. And we support it by analyzing patch-wise scaling and feature separation operations contained in EPT. Our experiments show that EPT outperforms several state-of-the-art fine-tuning methods by a significant margin on few-shot medical image classification tasks, and completes the fine-tuning process within highly competitive time, indicating EPT is an effective PEFT method. The source code is available at github.com/zuwenqiang/EPT.
Pseudo-Vasogenic Oedema Post Right Parietal Lobe Infarct
Creators: name: Coughlan, Fionn
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CT
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction

description: Clinical History Image Findings Discussion Find Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis
description: male, 89 years
description: Clinical History: An 89 year old male presented to the emergency department following a collapse. On arrival in ED the patient was confused, had slurred speech, a left facial droop, left-sided sensory neglect and left sided hemisensory loss. This is on a background of know... Final Diagnosis: Right Parietal Lobe Infarct
INTERACTIONS AMONG PROTEINS AND CARBOHYDRATES UNDER THERMAL PROCESSING CONDITIONS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON DAIRY FOULING
Creators: name: Zhang, Yizhe
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2020
Subjects: Food packaging, preservation and processing
Food engineering

description: In dairy processing, dairy ingredients need to be thermally treated to ensure product quality and safety for an extended shelf life. During thermal processes, milk protein denatures and interacts with other dairy ingredients to form a layer of deposit on heated surfaces, known as fouling which can deteriorate process efficiency and product safety. Milk is a complex mixture of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, minerals and vitamins. The heat-sensitive B-lactoglobulin (B-lg) is known to be a key component in fouling formation (constituting 50% of type A fouling deposits) during milk pasteurization, as B-lg unfolds when heated and exposes the reactive sulfhydryl groups that can interact with other proteins and ingredients to form deposits. Although casein (80% of milk proteins) is known to interact with denatured B-lg, no fouling studies have been performed with particular focus on the effect of casein on whey protein fouling.Carbohydrates are an ingredient widely added in various dairy products as sweetener, stabilizer, texturizer, and fat replacer. Simple sugars have a protective effect on whey protein denaturation, but their effect on dairy fouling is not known. Polysaccharides can interact with milk proteins through electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions, as well as hydrogen bonding. The addition of polysaccharide (carrageenan) has been reported to cause opposite effects on protein deposition, however, no conclusive mechanism has been proposed to elucidate how protein-polysaccharide interaction at pasteurization temperatures affects the fouling behavior of dairy products.In this dissertation, different model dairy solutions and real dairy products were used to study the effect of composition, including protein distribution and additions of simple sugars and polysaccharides, on dairy fouling. Fouling deposits were formed and analyzed using a bench-top spinning disc apparatus operating under well-controlled temperatures and shear stresses characterized by computational fluid dynamics simulations. By studying the fouling behavior of camel milk and comparing with bovine milk, milk without B-lg was found to still foul and form deposits containing casein, α-lactalbumin, serum albumin with a reduced thermal resistance due to a more porous structure. Results also showed that the addition of 10 wt% sugar reduced whey protein fouling by more than 30% and affected the structure and adhesion strength of deposits. Furthermore, the presence of carrageenan in dairy solutions can promote the denaturation of B-lg when heated and form a more compact deposit, resulting in more severe fouling. Overall, this dissertation provides a fundamental understanding of the fouling characteristics of complex dairy products. The knowledge gained is expected to help the dairy industry select suitable ingredients to mitigate or prevent the fouling problem.
A refractory density approach to a multi-scale SEIRS epidemic model
Creators: name: Chizhov, Anton
name: Pujo-Menjouet, Laurent
name: Schwalger, Tilo
name: Sensi, Mattia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel multi-scale modeling framework for infectious disease spreading, borrowing ideas and modeling tools from the so-called Refractory Density (RD) approach. We introduce a microscopic model that describes the probability of infection for a single individual and the evolution of the disease within their body. From the individual-level description, we then present the corresponding population-level model of epidemic spreading on the mesoscopic and macroscopic scale. We conclude with numerical illustrations taking into account either a white Gaussian noise or an escape noise to showcase the potential of our approach in producing both transient and asymptotic complex dynamics as well as finite-size fluctuations consistently across multiple scales. A comparison with the epidemiology of coronaviruses is also given to corroborate the qualitative relevance of our new approach.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures
title: Nutritional Intervention Strategies for the Management of Inborn Errors of Metabolism: Scoping Review Protocol
Creators: name: Maciel, Aline Mazoni
name: Costa, Caroline Abud Drumond
name: Krey, Isabella Fontanella
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition
subject: Diseases
subject: Nutrition
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Health and Medical Administration
subject: Hereditary metabolic diseases
subject: Inborn errors of metabolismHereditary metabolic diseases
subject: Nutritional interventions
subject: Nutritional strategies

description: This is the preregistration of the protocol for a scoping review. The objective of this scoping review is to map the nutritional intervention strategies described in the literature for the management of inborn errors of metabolism in children and adolescents.
sj-docx-1-mmc-10.1177_20501579211029326 – Supplemental material for Studying problems, not problematic usage: Do mobile checking habits increase procrastination and decrease well-being?
Creators: name: Meier, Adrian
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 200199 Communication and Media Studies not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-mmc-10.1177_20501579211029326 for Studying problems, not problematic usage: Do mobile checking habits increase procrastination and decrease well-being? by Adrian Meier in Mobile Media & Communication
Continuous-time quantum optimisation without the adiabatic principle
Creators: name: Banks, Robert J.
name: Raftis, Georgios S.
name: Browne, Dan E.
name: Warburton, P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Continuous-time quantum algorithms for combinatorial optimisation problems, such as quantum annealing, have previously been motivated by the adiabatic principle. A number of continuous-time approaches exploit dynamics, however, and therefore are no longer physically motivated by the adiabatic principle. In this work, we take Planck's principle as the underlying physical motivation for continuous-time quantum algorithms. Planck's principle states that the energy of an isolated system cannot decrease as the result of a cyclic process. We use this principle to justify monotonic schedules in quantum annealing, which are not adiabatic. This approach also highlights the limitations of reverse quantum annealing in an isolated system.
description: 12 + 13 pages, 9 + 19 figures
Optimising Surgical Flow in Cataract Surgery - Evaluating Timeliness, Efficiency and Workflow: A Clinical Audit
Creators: name: Adan, Khan
name: Naeem, Zil-E-Fatima
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Surgery
Audit
Cataract

description: The clinical audit was carried out to evaluate scheduled cataract surgery. Looking into delay from scheduled surgery time and the duration of surgery time against standards from Royal College of Ophthalmology and American Academy of Ophthalmology
sj-pdf-1-hsb-10.1177_00221465211028152 – Supplemental material for Diversions: How the Underrepresentation of Research on Advantaged Groups Leaves Explanations for Health Inequalities Incomplete
Creators: name: Link, Bruce G.
name: García, San Juanita
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-hsb-10.1177_00221465211028152 for Diversions: How the Underrepresentation of Research on Advantaged Groups Leaves Explanations for Health Inequalities Incomplete by Bruce G. Link and San Juanita García in Journal of Health and Social Behavior
title: Enhancing social work education about domestic and family violence through virtual reality simulations
Creators: name: Schaffer, Krystal
Publisher: name: University of Southern Queensland
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 4409
subject: Social work
classificationCode: 3901
subject: Curriculum and pedagogy
classificationCode: 4607
subject: Graphics, augmented reality and games

description: Domestic and family Violence (DFV) is a global issue, necessitating a proactive response from social workers. As such, social work graduates must possess the requisite skills and knowledge to respond effectively in practice. To aid social work students’ readiness to respond to DFV, an innovative approach involving the use of virtual reality (VR) has been established as an output of this thesis. VR can be used to support student learning by providing immersive experiences that foster formative skill development. Consequently, it presents a distinctive advantage in ensuring all social work students, irrespective of where they engage in placement, are predisposed to DFV content in a scaffolded manner. Drawing on a mixed-method co-design research approach, the author developed procedural knowledge about how to create VR experiences based on real-world scenarios to offer experiential learning to social work students. The VR artifacts were developed through extensive collaboration with community stakeholders, a key design feature of the study. The thesis by publication is comprised of three articles, each depicting a different design stage (Hoadley & Campos, 2022). Article 1: ‘Unveiling graduate readiness to respond to domestic and family violence in Australian social work programs’, quantitatively defines the problem areas, and the subsequent areas of focus during the simulation design. Article 2: ‘Virtual Simulations to Educate Social Work Students About Domestic and Family Violence: A Scoping Review’ is a comprehensive scoping review of the use of virtual simulations to educate social workers about DFV. This study influenced the decisions made during the second design-phase, including determinations made about design processes and design concepts. The final article: ‘A Blueprint for Domestic and Family Violence Education in Social Work Through Virtual Reality Design’ presents the procedural knowledge about the design process of VR simulations for social work curriculum, highlighting the key themes identified through interviews with the community advisory group involved in the VR design process. The stages of development and implementation are discussed. The overarching thesis offers valuable insights for educators and curriculum developers looking to incorporate VR simulations, providing instructional design recommendations and forward-thinking suggestions to advance the field of DFV education in social work. Its utility is also applicable to others seeking to enhance their DFV professional practice competencies.
Walkability at Street Level: An Indicator-Based Assessment Model
Creators: name: Stutz, Petra
name: Kaziyeva, Dana
name: Traun, Christoph
name: Werner, Christian
name: Loidl, Martin
Publisher: name: Sustainability
Year: 2025

description: Abstract

Walking is recognised as a healthy and sustainable mode of transport. Providing adequate infrastructure is pivotal for the promotion of walking and, subsequently, for achieving the benefits derived from its numerous positive effects. However, efficiently measuring the walkability at the street level remains challenging. In this paper, we present an indicator-based assessment model that can be used with open spatial data to evaluate segment-based walkability. The model incorporates eleven indicators describing the street segments and their close surroundings that are relevant for pedestrians, such as the presence and type of pedestrian infrastructure, road category, noise levels, and exposure to green and blue space. A weighted average calculation results in walkability index values for each street segment within a road network graph. The model’s generic approach and the ability to be used with open data ensure its reproducibility, adaptability, and scalability. The feasibility of the walkability model was shown using a case study for Salzburg, Austria. The model’s validity was evaluated through a large-scale study involving 660 full responses to an online survey. Participants provided ratings on the walkability of randomly selected street segments in Salzburg, which were compared with the calculated index, revealing a strong correlation (Spearman’s rank correlation = 0.82).
Additional file 2 of Different MAPT haplotypes influence expression of total MAPT in postmortem brain tissue
Creators: name: Tauber, Christina V.
name: Schwarz, Sigrid C.
name: Rösler, Thomas W.
name: Arzberger, Thomas
name: Gentleman, Steve
name: Windl, Otto
name: Krumbiegel, Mandy
name: Reis, André
name: Ruf, Viktoria C.
name: Herms, Jochen
name: Höglinger, Günter U.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2. Figure S1: Title: α-synuclein pathology in human postmortem brain tissue. Description: Immunohistochemistry for phosphorylated α-synuclein visualizes exemplary Lewy bodies (LB) (arrows) in cortical cell layers of fusiform gyrus of Parkinson (PD) cases but not of control cases of both MAPT haplotypes (H1/H1 and H2/H2). No LB pathology is present in cerebellar cortex of PD cases or control cases of both haplotypes. Purkinje cell layer (p), molecular layer (m) and granular layer (g) Representative images derive from postmortem brain donors with MAPT H1/H1 (C2, PD9) and H2/H2 (C9, PD2). Scale bar: 50 µm. Figure S2: Title: Full length Western blot from Fig. 3B. Description: (A) Lower and (B) higher exposed image of the Western blot probed with soluble protein fraction after staining with an antibody against total tau (A0024, DAKO). (C) Image of the Western blot after stripping and staining with an antibody against GAPDH (CB1001, Millipore). Representative images derive from postmortem brain donors with MAPT H1/H1 (C1, PD5) and H2/H2 (C9, PD14). Figure S3: Title: Full length Western blot from Fig. 4C. Description: (A) Lower and (B) higher exposed image of the Western blot probed with soluble protein fraction after staining with an antibody against α-Syn (2642S, Cell Signaling Technology). (C) Image of the Western blot after stripping and staining with an antibody against GAPDH (CB1001, Millipore). Representative images derive from postmortem brain donors with MAPT H1/H1 (C1, PD5) and H2/H2 (C9, PD14) on the left side and MAPT H1/H1 (C6, PD4) and H2/H2 (C12, PD10) on the right side. Figure S4: Title: Full length Western blot from Fig. 4D. Description: (A) Lower and (B) higher exposed image of the Western Blot probed with insoluble protein fraction after staining with an antibody against α-Syn (2642S, Cell Signaling Technology). (C) Image of the Western blot after stripping and staining with Total Protein Stain (RevertTM 700, LI-COR). Representative images derive from postmortem brain donors with MAPT H1/H1 (C2, PD9) and H2/H2 (C9, PD2) on the left side and MAPT H1/H1 (C6, PD4) and H2/H2 (C12, PD10) on the right side. Figure S5: Title: Full length Western blot from Fig. 5D. Description: (A) Lower and (B) higher exposed image of the Western blot probed with insoluble protein fraction after staining with an antibody against total tau (A0024, DAKO). (C) Image of the Western blot after stripping and staining with Total Protein Stain (Revert™ 700, LI-COR). Representative images derive from postmortem brain donors with MAPT H1/H1 (C1, PD5) and H2/H2 (C9, PD14).
IMPROVING WEAR PERFORMANCE AND BACTERICIDAL ACTIVITY OF Cu AND HYDROXYAPATITE REINFORCED CoCrMo IMPLANTS
Creators: name: Orozco, Cassandra Lissett
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2024
Subjects: Materials Science Engineering
additive manufacturing
wear performance
Implants

description: Cobalt-chromium (CoCr) based alloys, in addition to stainless steels, titanium, and titanium-based, are used in Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved medical devices. The high chromium content (26-30 wt%) imparts superior oxidation or corrosion resistance in elevated temperature conditions and dynamic environments. For example, this CoCr alloy is biocompatible in a physiological environment. Despite their good strength and excellent wear resistance for load-bearing implants, the wear debris induces oxidation of metallic particles like Co2+ and Cr3+ that are known to be cancerous. A secondary problem is the possibility of infection at the implant site, which usually occurs after implantation, or the formation of a biofilm tends to occur before tissue can interact with the material’s surface.
description: Additive manufacturing (AM), such as directed energy deposition (DED), was used to fabricate CoCr composites to improve the wear performance and provide an inherent antibacterial property. To reduce the accumulation of wear debris and metal ion release, hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2 or HA), a main constituent of natural bone, was added with CoCrMo to form an in situ tribofilm during wear that provides a physical barrier between the rubbing surfaces. Simultaneously, copper was added to demonstrate the inherent antibacterial resistance and ensure confidence in avoiding infection. Four compositions were manufactured via DED: CoCrMo (CCM), CoCrMo – 3 wt% Cu (3Cu), CoCrMo – 3 wt% Cu – 1 wt% HA (1HA), and CoCrMo – 3 wt% Cu – 2 wt% HA (2HA).
description: The results for wear performance of the CCM composites containing hydroxyapatite showed a reduction in wear rate and friction coefficient and the ability to form an in situ tribo-film. Bactericidal activity was demonstrated from the copper and HA composites against bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The results give confidence that metal-AM modified CoCrMo can reduce the wear rate of the alloy and metal-ion release of Co2+ and Cr3+ by adding HA to form a
description: non-conducting protective layer, and infection can be controlled by adding copper. This research addresses the wear and corrosion-related problems associated with biomaterials for load-bearing applications using additive manufacturing.
An inverse hyperbolic obstacle problem
Creators: name: Choulli, Mourad
name: Takase, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We establish Hölder stability of an inverse hyperbolic obstacle problem. Mainly, we study the problem of reconstructing an unknown function defined on the boundary of the obstacle from two measurements taken on the boundary of a domain surrounding the obstacle.
sj-pdf-1-fap-10.1177_09593535211030746 - Supplemental material for “Deal me in”: Hillary Clinton and gender in the 2016 US presidential election
Creators: name: Sorrentino, Jasmin
name: Augoustinos, Martha
name: LeCouteur, Amanda
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Gender studies
subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-fap-10.1177_09593535211030746 for “Deal me in”: Hillary Clinton and gender in the 2016 US presidential election by Jasmin Sorrentino, Martha Augoustinos and Amanda LeCouteur in Feminism & Psychology
Metric mean dimension via subshifts of compact type
Creators: name: Pessil, Gustavo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate the metric mean dimension of subshifts of compact type. We prove that the metric mean dimensions of a continuous map and its inverse limit coincide, generalizing Bowen's entropy formula. Building upon this result, we extend the notion of metric mean dimension to discontinuous maps in terms of suitable subshifts. As an application, we show that the metric mean dimension of the Gauss map and that of induced maps of the Manneville-Pomeau family is equal to the box dimension of the corresponding set of discontinuity points, which also coincides with a critical parameter of the pressure operator associated to the geometric potential.
description: Published version in Nonlinearity
Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum on Dermal Density for the Prevention of Ulcers in Patients with Diabetic Neuropathy: A Controlled Clinical Study
Creators: name: Irvin, Hernandez Sanchez
name: Álvarez  Arrroyo, Jose Javier
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dermatology
subject: Diabetes

description: Introducción: La neuropatía diabética incrementa el riesgo de úlceras en los pies de pacientes diabéticos, lo cual puede derivar en complicaciones graves como infecciones y amputaciones. La densidad dérmica es un factor clave en la prevención de estas lesiones, y el uso de probióticos, particularmente Lactobacillus plantarum, ha mostrado efectos prometedores en la mejora de la salud cutánea.

Objetivo: Este estudio evalúa el efecto de Lactobacillus plantarum sobre la densidad dérmica en pacientes con neuropatía diabética.

Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio controlado con 60 pacientes diabéticos con neuropatía periférica, divididos en dos grupos: uno recibió suplementos de Lactobacillus plantarum y el otro un placebo, ambos durante 12 semanas. La densidad dérmica se midió indirectamente mediante un cutómetro, evaluando la elasticidad y resistencia de la piel al inicio y al final del estudio.

Resultados: Los pacientes que recibieron Lactobacillus plantarum mostraron un aumento significativo en los parámetros de elasticidad, lo que sugiere un incremento en la densidad dérmica en comparación con el grupo placebo (p < 0.05). Además, se observó una reducción en la incidencia de úlceras en los pies en el grupo de intervención.

Discusión: Los resultados sugieren que Lactobacillus plantarum puede ser una intervención efectiva para mejorar la densidad dérmica y reducir el riesgo de pie diabético en pacientes con neuropatía diabética. Este hallazgo aporta evidencia sobre el potencial de los probióticos como agentes no invasivos en el cuidado preventivo del pie diabético, un área de creciente interés en la comunidad científica.
A Stress Test of Global PDF Fits: Closure Testing the MSHT PDFs and a First Direct Comparison to the Neural Net Approach
Creators: name: Harland-Lang, L. A.
name: Cridge, T.
name: Thorne, R. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a first global closure test of the fixed parameterisation (MSHT) approach to PDF fitting. We find that the default MSHT20 parameterisation can reproduce the features of the input set in such a closure test to well within the textbook uncertainties. This provides strong evidence that parameterisation inflexibility in the MSHT20 fit is not a significant issue in the data region. We also present the first completely like--for--like comparison between two global PDF fits, namely MSHT and NNPDF, where the only difference is guaranteed to be due to the fitting methodology. To achieve this, we present a fit to the NNPDF4.0 data and theory inputs, but with the MSHT fixed parameterisation. We find that this gives a moderately, but noticeably, better fit quality than the central NNPDF4.0 fits, both with perturbative and fitted charm, and that this difference persists at the level of the PDFs and benchmark cross sections. The NNPDF4.0 uncertainties are found to be broadly in line with the MSHT results if a textbook $T^2=1$ tolerance is applied, but to be significantly smaller if a tolerance typical of the MSHT20 fit is applied. This points to an inherent inconsistency between these approaches. We discuss the need for an enlarged tolerance criterion in global PDF fits in detail, and demonstrate the impact of data/theory inconsistencies in the closure test setting; namely, these do not lead to any increase in the $T^2=1$ PDF uncertainty. We also investigate the impact of restricting the PDF parameterisation to have fewer free parameters than the default MSHT20 case, and find this can be significant at the level of both closure tests and the full fit.
description: 102 pages, 54 figures, 10 tables. Version accepted for publication in EPJC. Many changes and updates, including expansion of statistical estimators and further discussion in Section 3, and reorganisation of Section 7
sj-pdf-1-jpp-10.1177_08971900211038864 – Supplemental Material for Variation Among Infectious Diseases Pharmacists for the Treatment of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia
Creators: name: White, Bryan P.
name: Barber, Katie E.
name: Chastain, Daniel B.
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111199 Nutrition and Dietetics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111702 Aged Health Care
subject: 111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-jpp-10.1177_08971900211038864 for Variation Among Infectious Diseases Pharmacists for the Treatment of Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia by Bryan P. White, Katie E. Barber and Daniel B. Chastain in Journal of Pharmacy Practice
Surgical Text-to-Image Generation
Creators: name: Nwoye, Chinedu Innocent
name: Bose, Rupak
name: Elgohary, Kareem
name: Arboit, Lorenzo
name: Carlino, Giorgio
name: Lavanchy, Joël L.
name: Mascagni, Pietro
name: Padoy, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Acquiring surgical data for research and development is significantly hindered by high annotation costs and practical and ethical constraints. Utilizing synthetically generated images could offer a valuable alternative. In this work, we explore adapting text-to-image generative models for the surgical domain using the CholecT50 dataset, which provides surgical images annotated with action triplets (instrument, verb, target). We investigate several language models and find T5 to offer more distinct features for differentiating surgical actions on triplet-based textual inputs, and showcasing stronger alignment between long and triplet-based captions. To address challenges in training text-to-image models solely on triplet-based captions without additional inputs and supervisory signals, we discover that triplet text embeddings are instrument-centric in the latent space. Leveraging this insight, we design an instrument-based class balancing technique to counteract data imbalance and skewness, improving training convergence. Extending Imagen, a diffusion-based generative model, we develop Surgical Imagen to generate photorealistic and activity-aligned surgical images from triplet-based textual prompts. We assess the model on quality, alignment, reasoning, and knowledge, achieving FID and CLIP scores of 3.7 and 26.8% respectively. Human expert survey shows that participants were highly challenged by the realistic characteristics of the generated samples, demonstrating Surgical Imagen's effectiveness as a practical alternative to real data collection.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures, 3 tables, published in Pattern Recognition Letters 2025, project page at https://camma-public.github.io/endogen/
Stability and dynamics of massive vortices in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: D'Ambroise, J.
name: Wang, W.
name: Ticknor, C.
name: Carretero-González, R.
name: Kevrekidis, P. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of structures involving vortices in one component and bright solitary waves in another has a time-honored history in two-component atomic Bose-Einstein condensates. In the present work, we revisit this topic extending considerations well-past the near-integrable regime of nearly equal scattering lengths. Instead, we focus on stationary states and spectral stability of such structures for large values of the inter-component interaction coefficient. We find that the state can manifest dynamical instabilities for suitable parameter values. We also explore a phenomenological, yet quantitatively accurate upon suitable tuning, particle model which, in line also with earlier works, offers the potential of accurately following the associated stability and dynamical features. Finally, we probe the dynamics of the unstable vortex-bright structure, observing an unprecedented, to our knowledge, instability scenario in which the oscillatory instability leads to a patch of vorticity that harbors and eventually ejects multiple vortex-bright structures.
Concurrent Substance Use and Related Problems among African American Adolescents: A Daily Diary Study
Creators: name: Banks, Devin Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2020
Subjects: Clinical psychology

description: African American adolescents have historically been considered at low risk for substance use relative to the White adolescent majority based on national prevalence estimates. However, during the last decade, African American adolescents’ rates of marijuana use—alone and in combination with other substances—have increased disproportionately relative to those of their White peers. Given the strong relationship between marijuana use and other substance use and the functional consequences associated with concurrent substance use during adolescence, the increase in marijuana use among African American youth may contribute to increased substance-related health disparities across the lifespan. Thus, the current study examined daily associations between marijuana use and other substance use among African American adolescents relative to their White peers. It also examined whether those associations differentially predicted behavioral health consequences among African American adolescents. Participants (N = 35; 42.9% African American) were adolescents age 14-18 who reported past 30-day use of marijuana, alcohol, and/or tobacco products. Respondents completed daily diaries reporting their substance use for 14 consecutive days, followed by self-report measures of internalizing symptoms, externalizing symptoms, and substance use problems. Multilevel regression and structural equation models were used to account for the nesting of days within individuals. Participants completed 458 diaries for a completion rate of 93.5%. African American respondents reported greater daily- and individual-level rates of marijuana use and concurrent substance use than White respondents. However, in multilevel models controlling for demographics, marijuana use was not related to concurrent use of alcohol and/or tobacco use and this relationship did not vary by race. Racial differences in the relationship between concurrent substance use and behavioral health consequences were observed such that the relationship was positive among White youth but not African American youth. Findings suggest that African American youth are at high risk for engagement in problematic patterns of substance use but that daily diary methods may not be most appropriate for illuminating these patterns. Despite these unexpected results, disparities in substance-related consequences among African Americans adults persist. Future research should examine long-term rather than proximal consequences of concurrent substance use among African American adolescents.
Poincare gauge gravity from nonmetric gravity
Creators: name: Wheeler, James T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider general linear gauge theory, with independent solder form and connection. These spaces have both torsion and nonmetricity. We show that the Cartan structure equations together with the defining equation for nonmetricity allow the mixed symmetry components of nonmetricity to be absorbed into an altered torsion tensor. Field redefinitions reduce the structure equations to those of Poincare gauge theory, with local Lorentz symmetry and metric compatibility. In order to allow recovery the original torsion and nonmetric fields, we replace the definition of nonmetricity by an additional structure equation and demand integrability of the extended system. We show that the maximal Lie algebra compatible with the enlarged set is isomorphic to the conformal Lie algebra. From this Lorentzian conformal geometry, we establish that the difference between the field strength of special conformal transformations and the torsion and is given by the mixed symmetry nonmetricity of an equivalent asymmetric system.
description: Clarified details of Section 4
Additional file 1 of Diagnostic yield, safety and therapeutic consequences of myocardial biopsy in clinically suspected fulminant myocarditis unweanable from mechanical circulatory support
Creators: name: Marquet, Yann
name: Hékimian, Guillaume
name: Lebreton, Guillaume
name: Kerneis, Mathieu
name: Rouvier, Philippe
name: Bay, Pierre
name: Mathian, Alexis
name: Bréchot, Nicolas
name: Chommeloux, Juliette
name: Petit, Matthieu
name: Gautier, Melchior
name: Lefevre, Lucie
name: Saura, Ouriel
name: Levy, David
name: Quentric, Paul
name: Moyon, Quentin
name: Ortuno, Sofia
name: Schmidt, Matthieu
name: Leprince, Pascal
name: Luyt, Charles-Edouard
name: Combes, Alain
name: Pineton de Chambrun, Marc
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Flow-chart of the Diagnostic Yield and Therapeutical Consequences of Noninvasive and Biopsy-based Diagnosis Work-up. APS antiphospholipid syndrome, AOSD adult-onset Still disease, MCS mechanical circulatory support, MINOCA myocardial infarction with no obstructive coronary artery, RNApol3 RNA-polymerase-III associated myocarditis. Non-invasive diagnosis panel: the 58% with no diagnosis are still considered as clinically-suspected myocarditis. Clinically suspected refers to the patients discharged with a diagnosis of “Clinically suspected myocarditis” including one having a diagnosis of adult-onset Still disease and one a diagnosis of hypereosinophilic syndrome with cardiac involvement. Table S1. Fulminant myocarditis noninvasive diagnostic work-up.
sj-docx-1-heb-10.1177_10901981211027520 – Supplemental material for Impact of Local Flavored Tobacco Sales Restrictions on Policy-Related Attitudes and Tobacco Product Access
Creators: name: Feld, Ashley L.
name: Rogers, Todd
name: Gaber, Jennifer
name: Pikowski, Jessica
name: Farrelly, Matthew C.
name: Henriksen, Lisa
name: Johnson, Trent O.
name: Halpern-Felsher, Bonnie
name: Andersen-Rodgers, Elizabeth
name: Zhang, Xueying
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Health and Community Services
subject: Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: Psychiatry (incl. Psychotherapy)
subject: Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-heb-10.1177_10901981211027520 for Impact of Local Flavored Tobacco Sales Restrictions on Policy-Related Attitudes and Tobacco Product Access by Ashley L. Feld, Todd Rogers, Jennifer Gaber, Jessica Pikowski, Matthew C. Farrelly, Lisa Henriksen, Trent O. Johnson, Bonnie Halpern-Felsher, Elizabeth Andersen-Rodgers and Xueying Zhang in Health Education & Behavior
Enhancing Skin Disease Classification Leveraging Transformer-based Deep Learning Architectures and Explainable AI
Creators: name: Mohan, Jayanth
name: Sivasubramanian, Arrun
name: Sowmya, V
name: Vinayakumar, Ravi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Skin diseases affect over a third of the global population, yet their impact is often underestimated. Automating skin disease classification to assist doctors with their prognosis might be difficult. Nevertheless, due to efficient feature extraction pipelines, deep learning techniques have shown much promise for various tasks, including dermatological disease identification. This study uses a skin disease dataset with 31 classes and compares it with all versions of Vision Transformers, Swin Transformers and DivoV2. The analysis is also extended to compare with benchmark convolution-based architecture presented in the literature. Transfer learning with ImageNet1k weights on the skin disease dataset contributes to a high test accuracy of 96.48\% and an F1-Score of 0.9727 using DinoV2, which is almost a 10\% improvement over this data's current benchmark results. The performance of DinoV2 was also compared for the HAM10000 and Dermnet datasets to test the model's robustness, and the trained model overcomes the benchmark results by a slight margin in test accuracy and in F1-Score on the 23 and 7 class datasets. The results are substantiated using explainable AI frameworks like GradCAM and SHAP, which provide precise image locations to map the disease, assisting dermatologists in early detection, prompt prognosis, and treatment.
description: Submitted to Computers in Biology and Medicine
Space-time symmetry from the world-sheet
Creators: name: Naderi, Kiarash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The tensionless string on AdS$_3$ is a laboratory to study different aspects of the AdS/CFT correspondence. A particular question addressed in this paper is how the space-time symmetry algebra is encoded on the world-sheet. A natural prescription for calculating the space-time OPEs from the world-sheet is presented in the hybrid formalism. An argument showing that the OPEs are correctly reproduced from the world-sheet is provided, together with a few explicit calculations as consistency checks.
description: 41 pages
Beweis der Collatz-Vermutung
Creators: name: Boeltzig, Michael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 490105
subject: Dynamical systems in applications

description: Die Collatz-Vermutung, ein bisher ungelöstes Problem in der Zahlentheorie, besagt, dass jede positive ganze Zahl durch wiederholte Anwendung der Transformation, schließlich die Zahl 1 erreicht. In dieser Arbeit wird die Vermutung durch eine schrittweise Analyse und formale Argumentation bewiesen.
Ballistic Entanglement Cloud after a Boundary Quench
Creators: name: Alkurtass, Bedoor
name: Bayat, Abolfazl
name: Sodano, Pasquale
name: Bose, Sougato
name: Johannesson, Henrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement has been extensively used to characterize the structure of strongly correlated many-body systems. Most of these analyses focus on either spatial properties of entanglement or its temporal behavior. Negativity, as an entanglement measure, quantifies entanglement between different non-complementary blocks of a many-body system. Here, we consider a combined spatial-temporal analysis of entanglement negativity in a strongly correlated many-body system to characterize complex formation of correlations through non-equilibrium dynamics of such systems. A bond defect is introduced through a local quench at one of the boundaries of a uniform Heisenberg spin chain. Using negativity and entanglement entropy, computed by the time-dependent density matrix renormalization group, we analyze the extension of entanglement in the model as a function of time. We find that an entanglement cloud is formed, detached from the boundary spin and composed of spins with which it is highly entangled. The cloud travels ballistically in the chain until it reaches the other end where it reflects back and the cycle repeats. The revival dynamics exhibits an intriguing contraction (expansion) of the cloud as it moves away from (towards) the boundary spin.
EVALUATION OF VISUAL ANALYTICS WITH APPLICATION TO SOCIAL SPAMBOT LABELING
Creators: name: Khayat, Mosab Abdulaziz
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2020
Subjects: Digital processor architectures
Other information and computing sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Visual analytics (VA) solutions emerged in the past decade and tackled many problems in a variety of domains. The power of combining the abilities of human and machine creates fertile ground for new solutions to grow. However, the rise of these hybrid solutions complicates the process of evaluation. Unlike automated solutions, VA solutions behavior depends on the user who operates them. This creates a dimension of variability in measured performance. The existence of a human, on the other hand, allows researchers to borrow evaluation methods from domains, such as sociology. The challenge in these methods, however, lies in gathering and analyzing qualitative data to build valid evidence of usefulness.This thesis tackles the challenge of evaluating the usefulness of VA solutions. We survey existing evaluation methods that have been used to assess VA solutions. We then analyze these methods in terms of validity and generalizability of their findings, as well as the feasibility of using them. Subsequently, we propose an evaluation framework which suggests evaluating VA solutions based on judgment analysis theory. The analysis provided by our framework is capable of quantitatively assessing the performance of a solution while providing a reason for the captured performance.
We have conducted multiple case studies in social spambot labeling domain to apply our theoretical discussion. We have developed a VA solution that tackles social spambot labeling problem, then use this solution to apply existing evaluation methods and showcase some of their limitations. Furthermore, we have used our solution to show the benefit yielded by our proposed evaluation framework.