title: ÐÐ°Ð»Ð¾ÑÑÐ¼ÑÑÐ¸Ðµ Ð¾Ð¿ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½ÑÐµ ÑÑÐ¸Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»Ð¸
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Low-noise operational amplifiers
Creators: name: Ð§ÑÐ½ ÐÐ°Ð¹ÑÐ°Ð¾
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2024
Subjects: ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð´ÑÐ°ÑÑÑÐ½ÑÐ¹ Ð½Ð¸Ð·ÐºÐ¾ÑÑÐ¼ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÑÐ¸Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»Ñ
ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾ÐºÐ°ÑÐ´Ð¸Ð¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ð°
Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ½ÑÐ¹ ÑÑÐ¸Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»Ñ
quadrature low noise amplifier
electrocardiogram
instrumentation amplifier

description: Â  Â  ÐÐ£ Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ð·ÐºÐ¸Ð¼ ÑÐ½ÐµÑÐ³Ð¾Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ°ÐµÑ Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ð·ÐºÐ¸Ð¼ Ð½Ð°Ð¿ÑÑÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼ Ð¿Ð¸ÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ Ð¾ÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð½Ð¸Ð·ÐºÐ¸Ð¼ ÑÐ¾ÐºÐ¾Ð¼ Ð¿Ð¸ÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ñ, Ð¸ ÑÑÐ° ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÐµÐ°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð° Ñ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼ ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ, ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ°ÑÑÐµÐ¹ Ð² ÑÐ»Ð°Ð±Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¸Ð½Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°ÑÑÐ¸. ÐºÐ¾ÑÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ¸ÐµÐ½Ñ ÑÑÐ¸Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾ ÑÑÑÐ´ÑÐ°ÐµÑÑÑ, Ð¸ Ð¼Ñ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·ÑÐµÐ¼ ÑÑÐ¸Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»Ñ Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ¸Ð¼ Ð¸ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð¼ Ð¸ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ¸Ð¼ Ð·Ð°ÑÐ²Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð¼ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿ÐµÐ½ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ ÑÑÑÐ´ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÐºÐ¾ÑÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ¸ÐµÐ½ÑÐ° ÑÑÐ¸Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ. Â  Â  Ð­ÑÐ¾ ÑÐ²ÑÐ·Ð°Ð½Ð¾ Ñ ÑÐµÐ¼, ÑÑÐ¾ ÑÐ¾Ð¿ÑÑÑÑÐ²ÑÑÑÐµÐµ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð½Ð°Ð¿ÑÑÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð²Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð° Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¾ÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¿ÑÑÐºÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¾Ð¿ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÑÐ¸Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»Ñ. Ð£Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ¾ÐºÐ° ÑÐ¼ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾ ÑÐ¼ÐµÐ½ÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¾ÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¿ÑÑÐºÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½Ð¸ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÐºÐ¾ÑÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ¸ÐµÐ½ÑÐ° ÑÑÐ¸Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸Ð·-Ð·Ð° ÑÐ¼ÐµÐ½ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÐµÐ¼ÐºÐ¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð½Ð°Ð³ÑÑÐ·ÐºÐ¸. Ð¢Ð°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¸ÑÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð½Ð°Ð¿ÑÑÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ, ÑÑÐ¾ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ ÑÐ¼ÐµÐ½ÑÑÐ¸ÑÑ Ð´Ð¸Ð½Ð°Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð´Ð¸Ð°Ð¿Ð°Ð·Ð¾Ð½ ÑÐ¸Ð³Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð°, Ð° ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ ÑÐ²ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð°Ð¼Ð¿Ð»Ð¸ÑÑÐ´Ñ ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¸Ð³Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð°, ÑÑÐ¾ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð¶Ð°ÐµÑ SNR. Â  Â  Ð¦ÐµÐ»Ñ ÑÑÐ¾Ð¹ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÐ¸Ð¸ - Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐ¸ÑÑ ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ, ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ°Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÑ Ð²ÑÐ´Ð°Ð²Ð°ÑÑ Ð²ÑÑÐ¾ÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÐºÐ¾ÑÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ¸ÐµÐ½Ñ ÑÑÐ¸Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð´Ð°Ð¶Ðµ Ð¿ÑÐ¸ Ð½Ð¸Ð·ÐºÐ¾Ð¼ Ð½Ð°Ð¿ÑÑÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¸ Ð¸ Ð¼Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð¼ ÑÐ¾ÐºÐµ. Ð Ð°ÑÑÐµÑ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð»ÑÐµÐ¼Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¼Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¿Ð¾ÐºÐ°Ð·ÑÐ²Ð°ÐµÑ, ÑÑÐ¾ Ð½Ð°ÑÐ° ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð° Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÑÐµÑ ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¼Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾ÑÐ½ÑÐ¹ Ð¾Ð¿Ð°Ð¼Ð¿ps.
description: Â  Â  A low-power operational amplifier operates with a low supply voltage and very low supply current, and this design is implemented using a circuit that operates in the weak inversion region. The gain significantly deteriorates, and we use an amplifier with a common source and common gate to compensate for the deterioration of the gain. Â  Â  This is because the accompanying decrease in voltage affects the bandwidth of the operational amplifier. Reducing the bias current will also significantly reduce the unity gain bandwidth due to reduced load capacitance. There is also a reduction in voltage, which can reduce the dynamic range of the signal, as well as an increase in noise signal amplitude, which reduces SNR. Â  Â  The goal of this design is to obtain a circuit that can deliver high gain even at low voltage and small current. The power consumption calculation shows that our circuit is a low-power opampss.