cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The solution of the scalar wave equation in the exterior of a sphere
Creators: name: Greengard, Leslie
name: Hagstrom, Thomas
name: Jiang, Shidong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65M70, 78A40, 78M16

description: We derive new, explicit representations for the solution to the scalar wave equation in the exterior of a sphere, subject to either Dirichlet or Robin boundary conditions. Our formula leads to a stable and high-order numerical scheme that permits the evaluation of the solution at an arbitrary target, without the use of a spatial grid and without numerical dispersion error. In the process, we correct some errors in the analytic literature concerning the asymptotic behavior of the logarithmic derivative of the spherical modified Hankel function. We illustrate the performance of the method with several numerical examples.
description: 28 pages, 10 figures
To parallelize or not to parallelize, bugs issue
Creators: name: El-Nashar, Alaa I.
name: Masaki, Nakamura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Program correctness is one of the most difficult challenges in parallel programming. Message Passing Interface MPI is widely used in writing parallel applications. Since MPI is not a compiled language, the programmer will be enfaced with several programming bugs.This paper presents the most common programming bugs arise in MPI programs to help the programmer to compromise between the advantage of parallelism and the extra effort needed to detect and fix such bugs. An algebraic specification of an MPI-like programming language, called Simple MPI (SMPI), to be used in writing MPI programs specification has also been proposed. In addition, both nondeterminacy and deadlocks arise in SMPI programs have been verified using Maud system.
Machine Learning Security in Industry: A Quantitative Survey
Creators: name: Grosse, Kathrin
name: Bieringer, Lukas
name: Besold, Tarek Richard
name: Biggio, Battista
name: Krombholz, Katharina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite the large body of academic work on machine learning security, little is known about the occurrence of attacks on machine learning systems in the wild. In this paper, we report on a quantitative study with 139 industrial practitioners. We analyze attack occurrence and concern and evaluate statistical hypotheses on factors influencing threat perception and exposure. Our results shed light on real-world attacks on deployed machine learning. On the organizational level, while we find no predictors for threat exposure in our sample, the amount of implement defenses depends on exposure to threats or expected likelihood to become a target. We also provide a detailed analysis of practitioners' replies on the relevance of individual machine learning attacks, unveiling complex concerns like unreliable decision making, business information leakage, and bias introduction into models. Finally, we find that on the individual level, prior knowledge about machine learning security influences threat perception. Our work paves the way for more research about adversarial machine learning in practice, but yields also insights for regulation and auditing.
description: Accepted at TIFS, version with more detailed appendix containing more detailed statistical results. 17 pages, 6 tables and 4 figures
Correlation between Dark Matter and Dark Radiation in String Compactifications
Creators: name: Allahverdi, Rouzbeh
name: Cicoli, Michele
name: Dutta, Bhaskar
name: Sinha, Kuver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reheating in string compactifications is generically driven by the decay of the lightest modulus which produces Standard Model particles, dark matter and light hidden sector degrees of freedom that behave as dark radiation. This common origin allows us to find an interesting correlation between dark matter and dark radiation. By combining present upper bounds on the effective number of neutrino species N_eff with lower bounds on the reheating temperature as a function of the dark matter mass m_DM from Fermi data, we obtain strong constraints on the (N_eff,m_DM)-plane. Most of the allowed region in this plane corresponds to non-thermal scenarios with Higgsino-like dark matter. Thermal dark matter can be allowed only if N_eff tends to its Standard Model value. We show that the above situation is realised in models with perturbative moduli stabilisation where the production of dark radiation is unavoidable since bulk closed string axions remain light and do not get eaten up by anomalous U(1)s.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
INSAUSTI, Gabriel, ed. (2022). Figura con paisajes: Baroja y Navarra. Granada: Comares, 288 p.
Creators: name: Mérida Donoso, José Antonio
Publisher: name: Dirāsāt Hispānicas. Revista Tunecina de Estudios Hispánicos
Year: 2023

description: Reseña bibliográfica
description: Dirāsāt Hispānicas. Revista Tunecina de Estudios Hispánicos, N.º 9 (2023)
Designing the self-assembly of arbitrary shapes using minimal complexity building blocks
Creators: name: Bohlin, Joakim
name: Turberfield, Andrew J.
name: Louis, Ard A.
name: Šulc, Petr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The design space for a self-assembled multicomponent objects ranges from a solution in which every building block is unique to one with the minimum number of distinct building blocks that unambiguously define the target structure. Using a novel pipeline, we explore the design spaces for a set of structures of various sizes and complexities. To understand the implications of the different solutions, we analyse their assembly dynamics using patchy particle simulations and study the influence of the number of distinct building blocks and the angular and spatial tolerances on their interactions on the kinetics and yield of the target assembly. We show that the resource-saving solution with minimum number of distinct blocks can often assemble just as well (or faster) than designs where each building block is unique. We further use our methods to design multifarious structures, where building blocks are shared between different target structures. Finally, we use coarse-grained DNA simulations to investigate the realisation of multicomponent shapes using DNA nanostructures as building blocks.
description: 12 pages
Performance Analysis of Universal Robot Control System Using Networked Predictive Control
Creators: name: Noroozi, Mahsa
name: Kies, Lorenz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Networked control systems are feedback control systems with system components distributed at different locations connected through a communication network. Since the communication network is carried out through the internet and there are bandwidth and packet size limitations, network constraints appear. Some of these constraints are time delay and packet loss. These network limitations can degrade the performance and even destabilize the system. To overcome the adverse effect of these communication constraints, various approaches have been developed, among which a representative one is networked predictive control. This approach proposes a controller, which compensates for the network time delay and packet loss actively. This paper aims at implementing a networked predictive control system for controlling a robot arm through a computer network. The network delay is accounted for by a predictor, while the potential of packet loss is mitigated using redundant control packets. The results will show the stability of the system despite a high delay and a considerable packet loss. Additionally, improvements to previous networked predictive control systems will be suggested and an increase in performance can be shown. Lastly, the effects of different system and environment parameters on the control loop will be investigated.
Particle production as a function of underlying-event activity and search for jet-like modifications in pp, p-Pb, and Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=5.02$ TeV with ALICE
Creators: name: Ortiz, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The similarity between small- and large-collision systems is explored using the charged-particle multiplicity in the transverse region, $N^{\rm T}_{\rm ch}$, which is sensitive to the underlying event. Measurements of charged-particle production as a function of $N^{\rm T}_{\rm ch}$ in pp, p-Pb and Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=5.02$ TeV in the toward, away and transverse regions are discussed. These three regions are defined relative to the track with the largest transverse momentum in the event ($p_{\rm T}^{\rm trig}$). The activity in the transverse region is subtracted from the activity in the toward and the away regions to search for jet-like modifications in small-collision systems. The jet-like signals are studied both as a function of $N^{\rm T}_{\rm ch}$ and $p_{\rm T}^{\rm trig}$. Results are compared with two general purpose Monte Carlo event generators: PYTHIA~8 and EPOS~LHC.
description: Proceedings of the XXIXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, April 4-10, 2022, Krak\'ow, Poland
Serial Biography in Journalism: The Case of Juan Belmonte, matador de toros, by Manuel Chaves Nogales
Creators: name: Pérez Álvarez, Álvaro
Publisher: name: Dirāsāt Hispānicas. Revista Tunecina de Estudios Hispánicos
Year: 2023

description: El periodista español Manuel Chaves Nogales (Sevilla, 1897 - Londres, 1944) publicó en 1935 la biografía del torero Juan Belmonte (Sevilla, 1892 - Utrera, 1962) en la revista gráfica Estampa. Esta biografía, considerada una de las mejores en castellano, apareció por entregas semanales. Belmonte era ya entonces uno de los toreros más famosos de España, pero Chaves Nogales lo convirtió en una leyenda a través la historia de su vida. Esta investigación identifica las conexiones entre el género biográfico y el periodismo mediante un análisis formal y de contenido de los distintos capítulos de la biografía y de las escenas narrativas. Chaves Nogales escribió el texto en primera persona, por lo que se lee como una autobiografía y este trabajo estudia el uso que hace Chaves Nogales de esa persona gramatical y muestra algunos de los rasgos periodísticos introducidos por Chaves Nogales. A través del storytelling, Chaves Nogales contribuyó a crear el mito de Belmonte.
description: Dirāsāt Hispānicas. Revista Tunecina de Estudios Hispánicos, N.º 9 (2023)
PETTWAY, Matthew (2020). Cuban Literature in the Age of Black Insurrection: Manzano, Plácido, and Afro-Latino Religion. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 325 p.
Creators: name: Ghorbal, Karim
Publisher: name: Dirāsāt Hispānicas. Revista Tunecina de Estudios Hispánicos
Year: 2023

description: Reseña bibliográfica
description: Dirāsāt Hispānicas. Revista Tunecina de Estudios Hispánicos, N.º 9 (2023)
Pilot Design and Signal Detection for Symbiotic Radio over OFDM Carriers
Creators: name: Chen, Hao
name: Zhang, Qianqian
name: Long, Ruizhe
name: Pei, Yiyang
name: Liang, Ying-Chang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Symbiotic radio (SR) is a promising solution to achieve high spectrum- and energy-efficiency due to its spectrum sharing and low-power consumption properties, in which the secondary system achieves data transmissions by backscattering the signal originating from the primary system. In this paper, we are interested in the pilot design and signal detection when the primary transmission adopts orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM). In particular, to preserve the channel orthogonality among the OFDM sub-carriers, each secondary symbol is designed to span an entire OFDM symbol. The comb-type pilot structure is employed by the primary transmission, while the preamble pilot structure is used by the secondary transmission. With the designed pilot structures, the primary signal can be detected via the conventional methods by treating the secondary signal as a part of the composite channel, i.e., the effective channel of the primary transmission. Furthermore, the secondary signal can be extracted from the estimated composite channel with the help of the detected primary signal. The bit error rate (BER) performance with both perfect and estimated CSI, the diversity orders of the primary and secondary transmissions, and the sensitivity to symbol synchronization error are analyzed. Simulation results show that the performance of the primary transmission is enhanced thanks to the backscatter link established by the secondary transmission. More importantly, even without the direct link, the primary and secondary transmissions can be supported via only the backscatter link.
description: This paper has been accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
SoK: Evaluations in Industrial Intrusion Detection Research
Creators: name: Lamberts, Olav
name: Wolsing, Konrad
name: Wagner, Eric
name: Pennekamp, Jan
name: Bauer, Jan
name: Wehrle, Klaus
name: Henze, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Industrial systems are increasingly threatened by cyberattacks with potentially disastrous consequences. To counter such attacks, industrial intrusion detection systems strive to timely uncover even the most sophisticated breaches. Due to its criticality for society, this fast-growing field attracts researchers from diverse backgrounds, resulting in 130 new detection approaches in 2021 alone. This huge momentum facilitates the exploration of diverse promising paths but likewise risks fragmenting the research landscape and burying promising progress. Consequently, it needs sound and comprehensible evaluations to mitigate this risk and catalyze efforts into sustainable scientific progress with real-world applicability. In this paper, we therefore systematically analyze the evaluation methodologies of this field to understand the current state of industrial intrusion detection research. Our analysis of 609 publications shows that the rapid growth of this research field has positive and negative consequences. While we observe an increased use of public datasets, publications still only evaluate 1.3 datasets on average, and frequently used benchmarking metrics are ambiguous. At the same time, the adoption of newly developed benchmarking metrics sees little advancement. Finally, our systematic analysis enables us to provide actionable recommendations for all actors involved and thus bring the entire research field forward.
Weakly Supervised Object Localization via Transformer with Implicit Spatial Calibration
Creators: name: Bai, Haotian
name: Zhang, Ruimao
name: Wang, Jiong
name: Wan, Xiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Weakly Supervised Object Localization (WSOL), which aims to localize objects by only using image-level labels, has attracted much attention because of its low annotation cost in real applications. Recent studies leverage the advantage of self-attention in visual Transformer for long-range dependency to re-active semantic regions, aiming to avoid partial activation in traditional class activation mapping (CAM). However, the long-range modeling in Transformer neglects the inherent spatial coherence of the object, and it usually diffuses the semantic-aware regions far from the object boundary, making localization results significantly larger or far smaller. To address such an issue, we introduce a simple yet effective Spatial Calibration Module (SCM) for accurate WSOL, incorporating semantic similarities of patch tokens and their spatial relationships into a unified diffusion model. Specifically, we introduce a learnable parameter to dynamically adjust the semantic correlations and spatial context intensities for effective information propagation. In practice, SCM is designed as an external module of Transformer, and can be removed during inference to reduce the computation cost. The object-sensitive localization ability is implicitly embedded into the Transformer encoder through optimization in the training phase. It enables the generated attention maps to capture the sharper object boundaries and filter the object-irrelevant background area. Extensive experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method, which significantly outperforms its counterpart TS-CAM on both CUB-200 and ImageNet-1K benchmarks. The code is available at https://github.com/164140757/SCM.
description: Accepted by ECCV2022
Practical computational advantage from the quantum switch on a generalized family of promise problems
Creators: name: Escandón-Monardes, Jorge
name: Delgado, Aldo
name: Walborn, Stephen P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum switch is a quantum computational primitive that provides computational advantage by applying operations in a superposition of orders. In particular, it can reduce the number of gate queries required for solving promise problems where the goal is to discriminate between a set of properties of a given set of unitary gates. In this work, we use Complex Hadamard matrices to introduce more general promise problems, which reduce to the known Fourier and Hadamard promise problems as limiting cases. Our generalization loosens the restrictions on the size of the matrices, number of gates and dimension of the quantum systems, providing more parameters to explore. In addition, it leads to the conclusion that a continuous variable system is necessary to implement the most general promise problem. In the finite dimensional case, the family of matrices is restricted to the so-called Butson-Hadamard type, and the complexity of the matrix enters as a constraint. We introduce the ``query per gate'' parameter and use it to prove that the quantum switch provides computational advantage for both the continuous and discrete cases. Our results should inspire implementations of promise problems using the quantum switch where parameters and therefore experimental setups can be chosen much more freely.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures; more detailed Sections 4 and 5, added new references for section 5, other minor changes
Low-Dimensional Life of Critical Anderson Electron
Creators: name: Horváth, Ivan
name: Markoš, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that critical Anderson electron in 3 dimensions is present in its spatial effective support, which was recently determined to be a region of fractal dimension $\approx \! 8/3$, with probability 1 in infinite volume. Hence, its physics is fully confined to space of this lower dimension. Stated differently, effective description of space occupied by critical Anderson electron becomes a full description in infinite volume. We then show that it is a general feature of the effective counting dimension underlying these concepts, that its subnominal value implies an exact description by effective support.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures; v2: fixes minor glitches; v3: published version
Testing Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati Gravity with Planck
Creators: name: Li, Hong
name: Xia, Jun-Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, the Planck collaboration has released the first cosmological papers providing the highest resolution, full sky, maps of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature anisotropies. In this paper we study a phenomenological model which interpolates between the pure $Λ$CDM model and the Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati (DGP) braneworld model with an additional parameter $α$. Firstly, we calculate the "distance information" of Planck data which includes the "shift parameter" $R$, the "acoustic scale" $l_A$, and the photon decoupling epoch $z_\ast$ in different cosmological models and find that this information is almost independent on the input models we use. Then, we compare the constraints on the free parameter $α$ of the DGP model from the "distance information" of Planck and WMAP data and find that the Planck data with high precision do not improve the constraint on $α$, but give the higher median value and the better limit on the current matter density fraction $Ω_m$. Then, combining the "distance information" of Planck measurement, baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO), type Ia supernovae (SNIa) and the prior on the current Hubble constant (HST), we obtain the tight constraint on the parameter $α< 0.20$ at $95\%$ confidence level, which implies that the flat DGP model has been ruled out by the current cosmological data. Finally, we allow the additional parameter $α< 0$ in our calculations and interestingly obtain $α=-0.29\pm0.20$ ($68\%$ C.L.), which means the current data slightly favor the effective equation of state $w_{\rm eff}
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in Phys. Lett. B
Channel Estimation and Training Design for Active RIS Aided Wireless Communications
Creators: name: Chen, Hao
name: Li, Nanxi
name: Long, Ruizhe
name: Liang, Ying-Chang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Active reconfigurable intelligent surface (ARIS) is a newly emerging RIS technique that leverages radio frequency (RF) reflection amplifiers to empower phase-configurable reflection elements (REs) in amplifying the incident signal. Thereby, ARIS can enhance wireless communications with the strengthened ARIS-aided links. In this letter, we propose exploiting the signal amplification capability of ARIS for channel estimation, aiming to improve the estimation precision. Nevertheless, the signal amplification inevitably introduces the thermal noise at the ARIS, which can hinder the acquisition of accurate channel state information (CSI) with conventional channel estimation methods based on passive RIS (PRIS). To address this issue, we further investigate this ARIS-specific channel estimation problem and propose a least-square (LS) based channel estimator, whose performance can be further improved with the design on ARIS reflection patterns at the channel training phase. Based on the proposed LS channel estimator, we optimize the training reflection patterns to minimize the channel estimation error variance. Extensive simulation results show that our proposed design can achieve accurate channel estimation in the presence of the ARIS noises.
description: This paper has been accepted for publication in IEEE Wireless Communications Letters
To parallelize or not to parallelize, control and data flow issue
Creators: name: Elnashar, Alaa I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: New trends towards multiple core processors imply using standard programming models to develop efficient, reliable and portable programs for distributed memory multiprocessors and workstation PC clusters. Message passing using MPI is widely used to write efficient, reliable and portable applications. Control and data flow analysis concepts, techniques and tools are needed to understand and analyze MPI programs. If our point of interest is the program control and data flow analysis, to decide to parallelize or not to parallelize our applications, there is a question to be answered, " Can the existing concepts, techniques and tools used to analyze sequential programs also be used to analyze parallel ones written in MPI?". In this paper we'll try to answer this question.
A Hybrid SFANC-FxNLMS Algorithm for Active Noise Control based on Deep Learning
Creators: name: Luo, Zhengding
name: Shi, Dongyuan
name: Gan, Woon-Seng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The selective fixed-filter active noise control (SFANC) method selecting the best pre-trained control filters for various types of noise can achieve a fast response time. However, it may lead to large steady-state errors due to inaccurate filter selection and the lack of adaptability. In comparison, the filtered-X normalized least-mean-square (FxNLMS) algorithm can obtain lower steady-state errors through adaptive optimization. Nonetheless, its slow convergence has a detrimental effect on dynamic noise attenuation. Therefore, this paper proposes a hybrid SFANC-FxNLMS approach to overcome the adaptive algorithm's slow convergence and provide a better noise reduction level than the SFANC method. A lightweight one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D CNN) is designed to automatically select the most suitable pre-trained control filter for each frame of the primary noise. Meanwhile, the FxNLMS algorithm continues to update the coefficients of the chosen pre-trained control filter at the sampling rate. Owing to the effective combination of the two algorithms, experimental results show that the hybrid SFANC-FxNLMS algorithm can achieve a rapid response time, a low noise reduction error, and a high degree of robustness.
Enhanced wave localization in multifractal scattering media
Creators: name: Chen, Yuyao
name: Sgrignuoli, Fabrizio
name: Zhu, Yilin
name: Shubitidze, Tornike
name: Negro, Luca Dal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study the structural, scattering, and wave localization properties of multifractal arrays of electric point dipoles generated from multiplicative random fields with different degrees of multiscale correlations. Specifically, using the rigorous Green's matrix method, we investigate the scattering resonances and wave localization behavior of systems with $N=10^{4}$ dipoles and demonstrate an enhanced localization behavior in highly inhomogeneous multifractal structures compared to homogeneous fractals, or monofractals. We show distinctive spectral properties, such as the absence of level repulsion in the strong multiple scattering regime and power-law statistics of level spacings, which indicate a clear localization transition enhanced in non-homogeneous multifractals. Our findings unveil the importance of multifractal structural correlations in the multiple scattering regime of electric dipole arrays and provide an efficient model for the design of multiscale nanophotonic systems with enhanced light-matter coupling and localization phenomena beyond what is possible with traditional fractal systems.
Marker-Based Localisation System Using an Active PTZ Camera and CNN-Based Ellipse Detection
Creators: name: Oh, Xueyan
name: Lim, Ryan
name: Foong, Shaohui
name: Tan, U-Xuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Localisation in GPS-denied environments is challenging and many existing solutions have infrastructural and on-site calibration requirements. This paper tackles these challenges by proposing a localisation system that is infrastructure-free and does not require on-site calibration, using a single active PTZ camera to detect, track and localise a circular LED marker. We propose to use a CNN trained using only synthetic images to detect the LED marker as an ellipse and show that our approach is more robust than using traditional ellipse detection without requiring tuning of parameters for feature extraction. We also propose to leverage the predicted elliptical angle as a measure of uncertainty of the CNN's predictions and show how it can be used in a filter to improve marker range estimation and 3D localisation. We evaluate our system's performance through localisation of a UAV in real-world flight experiments and show that it can outperform alternative methods for localisation in GPS-denied environments. We also demonstrate our system's performance in indoor and outdoor environments.
description: This paper has been accepted by IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics with DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TMECH.2023.3274363
Playing with Subshifts
Creators: name: Salo, Ville
name: Törmä, Ilkka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the class of word-building games, where two players pick letters from a finite alphabet to construct a finite or infinite word. The outcome is determined by whether the resulting word lies in a prescribed set (a win for player $A$) or not (a win for player $B$). We focus on symbolic dynamical games, where the target set is a subshift. We investigate the relation between the target subshift and the set of turn orders for which $A$ has a winning strategy.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures. To appear in Fundamenta Informaticae
Affine geometric description of thermodynamics
Creators: name: Goto, Shin-itiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermodynamics provides a unified perspective of thermodynamic properties of various substances. To formulate thermodynamics in the language of sophisticated mathematics, thermodynamics is described by a variety of differential geometries, including contact and symplectic geometries. Meanwhile affine geometry is a branch of differential geometry and is compatible with information geometry, where information geometry is known to be compatible with thermodynamics. By combining above, it is expected that thermodynamics is compatible with affine geometry, and is expected that several affine geometric tools can be introduced in the analysis of thermodynamic systems. In this paper affine geometric descriptions of equilibrium and nonequilibrium thermodynamics are proposed. For equilibrium systems, it is shown that several thermodynamic quantities can be identified with geometric objects in affine geometry, and that several geometric objects can be introduced in thermodynamics. Examples of these include: specific heat is identified with the affine fundamental form, a flat connection is introduced in thermodynamic phase space. For nonequilibrium systems, two classes of relaxation processes are shown to be described in the language of an extension of affine geometry. Finally this affine geometric description of thermodynamics for equilibrium and nonequilibrium systems is compared with a contact geometric description.
Contrastive Multi-Level Graph Neural Networks for Session-based Recommendation
Creators: name: Wang, Fuyun
name: Gao, Xingyu
name: Chen, Zhenyu
name: Lyu, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Session-based recommendation (SBR) aims to predict the next item at a certain time point based on anonymous user behavior sequences. Existing methods typically model session representation based on simple item transition information. However, since session-based data consists of limited users' short-term interactions, modeling session representation by capturing fixed item transition information from a single dimension suffers from data sparsity. In this paper, we propose a novel contrastive multi-level graph neural networks (CM-GNN) to better exploit complex and high-order item transition information. Specifically, CM-GNN applies local-level graph convolutional network (L-GCN) and global-level network (G-GCN) on the current session and all the sessions respectively, to effectively capture pairwise relations over all the sessions by aggregation strategy. Meanwhile, CM-GNN applies hyper-level graph convolutional network (H-GCN) to capture high-order information among all the item transitions. CM-GNN further introduces an attention-based fusion module to learn pairwise relation-based session representation by fusing the item representations generated by L-GCN and G-GCN. CM-GNN averages the item representations obtained by H-GCN to obtain high-order relation-based session representation. Moreover, to convert the high-order item transition information into the pairwise relation-based session representation, CM-GNN maximizes the mutual information between the representations derived from the fusion module and the average pool layer by contrastive learning paradigm. We conduct extensive experiments on multiple widely used benchmark datasets to validate the efficacy of the proposed method. The encouraging results demonstrate that our proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art SBR techniques.
title: Dopamine D2/3 receptor availability in alcohol use disorder and individuals at high risk
title: Towards a dimensional approach
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Gleich, Tobias
name: Spitta, Gianna
name: Butler, Oisin
name: Zacharias, Kristin
name: Aydin, Semiha
name: Sebold, Miriam
name: Garbusow, Maria
name: Rapp, Michael A.
name: Schubert, Florian
name: Buchert, Ralph
name: Heinz, Andreas
name: Gallinat, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 150 Psychologie
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is the most common substance use disorder worldwide. Although dopamine-related findings were often observed in AUD, associated neurobiological mechanisms are still poorly understood. Therefore, in the present study, we investigate D2/3 receptor availability in healthy participants, participants at high risk (HR) to develop addiction (not diagnosed with AUD), and AUD patients in a detoxified stage, applying F-18-fallypride positron emission tomography (F-18-PET). Specifically, D2/3 receptor availability was investigated in (1) 19 low-risk (LR) controls, (2) 19 HR participants, and (3) 20 AUD patients after alcohol detoxification. Quality and severity of addiction were assessed with clinical questionnaires and (neuro)psychological tests. PET data were corrected for age of participants and smoking status. In the dorsal striatum, we observed significant reductions of D2/3 receptor availability in AUD patients compared with LR participants. Further, receptor availability in HR participants was observed to be intermediate between LR and AUD groups (linearly decreasing). Still, in direct comparison, no group difference was observed between LR and HR groups or between HR and AUD groups. Further, the score of the Alcohol Dependence Scale (ADS) was inversely correlated with D2/3 receptor availability in the combined sample. Thus, in line with a dimensional approach, striatal D2/3 receptor availability showed a linear decrease from LR participants to HR participants to AUD patients, which was paralleled by clinical measures. Our study shows that a core neurobiological feature in AUD seems to be detectable in an early, subclinical state, allowing more individualized alcohol prevention programs in the future.
description: Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe; 849
Stability of the parametric fundamental equation of information for nonpositive parameters
Creators: name: Gselmann, Eszter
name: Maksa, Gyula
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 39B82, 39B72

description: In this note we prove that the parametric fundamental equation of information is stable in the sense of Hyers and Ulam provided that the parameter is nonpositive. We also prove, as a corollary, that the system of equations that defines the recursive and semi-symmetric information measures depending on a nonpositive parameter is stable in a certain sense.
description: 10 pages, published in Aequationes Mathematicae in 2009
Statistical analysis of initial state and final state response in heavy-ion collisions
Creators: name: Borghini, Nicolas
name: Borrell, Marc
name: Feld, Nina
name: Roch, Hendrik
name: Schlichting, Sören
name: Werthmann, Clemens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a general decomposition of an ensemble of initial density profiles in terms of an average state and a basis of modes that represent the event-by-event fluctuations of the initial state. The basis is determined such that the probability distributions of the amplitudes of different modes are uncorrelated. Based on this decomposition, we quantify the different types and probabilities of event-by-event fluctuations in Glauber and Saturation models and investigate how the various modes affect different characteristics of the initial state. We perform simulations of the dynamical evolution with KoMPoST and MUSIC to investigate the impact of the modes on final-state observables and their correlations.
description: v2: final version: minor additions, 59 pages, 40 figures (depending on the viewer, Figs.22-25 may display incorrectly)
Decomposing Berge graphs and detecting balanced skew partitions
Creators: name: Trotignon, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C17

description: A hole in a graph is an induced cycle on at least four vertices. A graph is Berge if it has no odd hole and if its complement has no odd hole. In 2002, Chudnovsky, Robertson, Seymour and Thomas proved a decomposition theorem for Berge graphs saying that every Berge graph either is in a well understood basic class, or has some kind of decomposition. Then, Chudnovsky proved stronger theorems. One of them restricts the allowed decompositions to 2-joins and balanced skew partitions. We prove that the problem of deciding whether a graph has a balanced skew partition is NP-hard. We give an $O(n^9)$-time algorithm for the same problem restricted to Berge graphs. Our algorithm is not constructive: it only certifies whether a graph has a balanced skew partition or not. It relies on a new decomposition theorem for Berge graphs that is more precise than the previously known theorems. Our theorem also implies that every Berge graph can be decomposed in a first step by using only balanced skew partitions, and in a second step by using only 2-joins. Our proof of this new theorem uses at an essential step one of the theorems of Chudnovsky.
"param_card_stop_tN_1300_1.dat" of "Search for a scalar partner of the top quark in the all-hadronic $t\bar{t}$ plus missing transverse momentum final state at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector"
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: HEPData
Year: 2020

description: SLHA file for a 2-body benchmark signal $(\it{m}_{\tilde{t}}, \it{m}_{\tilde{\chi^{0}_{1}}})= (1300,1)\ \mathrm{GeV}.$
description: No data abstract available.
"param_card_stop_tN_700_400.dat" of "Search for a scalar partner of the top quark in the all-hadronic $t\bar{t}$ plus missing transverse momentum final state at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector"
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: HEPData
Year: 2020

description: SLHA file for a 2-body benchmark signal $(\it{m}_{\tilde{t}}, \it{m}_{\tilde{\chi^{0}_{1}}})= (700,400)\ \mathrm{GeV}.$
description: No data abstract available.
The most frequent N-k line outages occur in motifs that can improve contingency selection
Creators: name: Zhou, Kai
name: Dobson, Ian
name: Wang, Zhaoyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multiple line outages that occur together show a variety of spatial patterns in the power transmission network. Some of these spatial patterns form network contingency motifs, which we define as the patterns of multiple outages that occur much more frequently than multiple outages chosen randomly from the network. We show that choosing N-k contingencies from these commonly occurring contingency motifs accounts for most of the probability of multiple initiating line outages. This result is demonstrated using historical outage data for two transmission systems. It enables N-k contingency lists that are much more efficient in accounting for the likely multiple initiating outages than exhaustive listing or random selection. The N-k contingency lists constructed from motifs can improve risk estimation in cascading outage simulations and help to confirm utility contingency selection.
Anomalous Underscreening in the Restricted Primitive Model
Creators: name: Härtel, Andreas
name: Bültmann, Moritz
name: Coupette, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Underscreening is a collective term for charge correlations in electrolytes decaying slower than the Debye length. Anomalous underscreening refers to phenomenology that cannot be attributed alone to steric interactions. Experiments with concentrated electrolytes and ionic fluids report anomalous underscreening, which so far has not been observed in simulation. We present Molecular Dynamics simulation results exhibiting anomalous underscreening that can be connected to cluster formation. A theory that accounts for ion pairing confirms the trend. Our results challenge the classic understanding of dense electrolytes impacting the design of technologies for energy storage and conversion.
Evaluation and Refinement of the novel predictive electrolyte model COSMO-RS-ES based on solid-liquid equilibria of salts and Gibbs free Energies of Transfer of Ions
Creators: name: Müller, Simon
name: Taeschler, Christoph
name: Klein, Andreas
name: Smirnova, Irina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The new predictive electrolyte model COSMO-RS-ES is evaluated and refined for the calculation of solubilities of salts in mixed solvent systems. It is demonstrated that the model is capable of predicting solid-liquid equilibria at 25 °C for ammonium and alkali metal salts quite accurately in a wide variety of solvent mixtures. Furthermore, through the introduction of Gibbs free energies of transfer of single ions it is shown that the model performance can be improved even further. This new data type also allows for an ion-specific way of evaluating the model for the first time. For some systems when calculating the solubility, larger deviations are observed, but for the vast majority of systems the model delivers good predictions. This shows that COSMO-RS-ES is a valuable tool for calculation of phase equilibria in electrolyte systems especially when the scarcity of data impede the application of models that require a higher number of parameters.
"param_card_stop_tN_500_327.dat" of "Search for a scalar partner of the top quark in the all-hadronic $t\bar{t}$ plus missing transverse momentum final state at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector"
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: HEPData
Year: 2020

description: SLHA file for a 2-body benchmark signal $(\it{m}_{\tilde{t}}, \it{m}_{\tilde{\chi^{0}_{1}}})= (500,327)\ \mathrm{GeV}.$
description: No data abstract available.
A measure-on-graph-valued diffusion: a particle system with collisions, and their applications
Creators: name: Mano, Shuhei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K35, 05C81, 60J70, 60J90, 65C05

description: A diffusion taking value in probability measures on a graph with a vertex set $V$, $\sum_{i\in V}x_iδ_i$, is studied. The masses on each vertices satisfy the stochastic differential equation of the form $dx_i=\sum_{j\in N(i)}\sqrt{x_ix_j}dB_{ij}$ on the simplex, where $\{B_{ij}\}$ are independent standard Brownian motions with skew symmetry and $N(i)$ is the neighbour of the vertex $i$. A dual Markov chain on integer partitions to the Markov semigroup associated with the diffusion is used to show that the support of an extremal stationary state of the adjoint semigroup is an independent set of the graph. We also investigate the diffusion with a linear drift, which gives a killing of the dual Markov chain on a finite integer lattice. The Markov chain is used to study the unique stationary state of the diffusion, which generalizes the Dirichlet distribution. Two applications of the diffusions are discussed: analysis of an algorithm to find an independent set of a graph, and a Bayesian graph selection based on computation of probability of a sample by using coupling from the past.
description: 30 pages, 3 figures
Variability of the High Velocity Outflow in the Quasar PDS 456
Creators: name: Reeves, J. N.
name: Braito, V.
name: Gofford, J.
name: Sim, S. A.
name: Behar, E.
name: Costa, M.
name: Kaspi, S.
name: Matzeu, G.
name: Miller, L.
name: O'Brien, P.
name: Turner, T. J.
name: Ward, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comparison of two Suzaku X-ray observations of the nearby (z=0.184), luminous ($L_{bol} \sim 10^{47}$ erg s$^{-1}$) type I quasar, PDS456. A new 125ks Suzaku observation in 2011 caught the quasar during a period of low X-ray flux and with a hard X-ray spectrum, in contrast to a previous 190ks Suzaku observation in 2007 when the quasar appeared brighter and had a steep ($Γ>2$) X-ray spectrum. The 2011 X-ray spectrum contains a pronounced trough near 9\,keV in the quasar rest frame, which can be modeled with blue-shifted iron K-shell absorption, most likely from the He and H-like transitions of iron. The absorption trough is observed at a similar rest-frame energy as in the earlier 2007 observation, which appears to confirm the existence of a persistent high velocity wind in PDS 456, at an outflow velocity of $0.25-0.30$c. The spectral variability between 2007 and 2011 can be accounted for by variations in a partial covering absorber, increasing in covering fraction from the brighter 2007 observation to the hard and faint 2011 observation. Overall the low flux 2011 observation can be explained if PDS 456 is observed at relatively low inclination angles through a Compton thick wind, originating from the accretion disk, which significantly attenuates the X-ray flux from the quasar.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, 6 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ