cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Patch area and edge effects on woody plant species composition and mortality in a fragmented landscape
Creators: name: Jinliang Liu
name: Hu, Guang
name: Jin, Yi
name: Jinfeng Yuan
name: Mingjian Yu
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: Habitat fragmentation is widely recognized as a main threat to biodiversity. When the habitat is fragmented, the habitat loss and environmental change (e.g. edge effect) will cause high plant mortality and extinction rates. Understanding the effect of long-term habitat fragmentation on tree mortality is necessary for biodiversity conservation.

We established forest dynamics plots (FDPs) on 29 land-bridge islands in the Thousand Island Lake formed in 1959 due to dam construction in East China. These islands are covered with secondary Masson pine (Pinus massoniana) forests regenerated after the dam construction. We conducted two community censuses in these FDPs in 2009-2010 and 2014-2015. In each census, all woody plants with diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 1 cm were tagged, measured, identified and georeferenced. In this study, we divided the 29 islands into small island (<1 ha; 20 islands), medium island (1-10 ha; 6 islands) and large island (>10 ha; 3 islands) to estimate area effects on the dynamics of community composition and mortality. We also set 20 m × 20 m independent plots on the edge and interior of the islands, to estimate the edge effects on mortality rate on the islands.

We recorded 186,781 stems belonging to 76 woody plant species in the 2009-2010 census. During the following five years, 33,125 stems (17.73%) and two species were lost. We found the annual tree mortality rate was positively correlated with stem density (P<0.01), and they were both positively correlated with island size on small and mediate islands. The turnover rate of community composition (i.e., the change in species composition with abundance weighted) also increased with island area. Specifically, we also found that although the annual morality of shade-tolerant and shade-intolerant species both increased with island area, shade-tolerant species showed lower annual morality than shade-intolerant species. Further, the tree annual mortality in interior habitat was higher than in edge habitat. Overall, we conclude that patch area and edge effect influence woody plant species composition and mortality in the study fragmented landscape.
Forecasting United States forest invaders: A general predictive model for pest spread
Creators: name: Hudgins, Emma
name: Liebhold, Andrew M.
name: Leung, Brian
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: Predicting the spread of organisms is of fundamental and applied interest in ecology. We tested whether a general spread model could capture macroecological patterns across all damaging invasive forest pests in the United States. We showed that a common constant dispersal kernel model, simulated from the discovery date, explained 67.94% of the variation in range size across all pests, and had 61% overlap on average between predicted and observed locational distributions. Further, by making dispersal a function of forest area and human population density, variation explained increased to 75.60%, with 67.13% locational overlap. These results indicated that a single general dispersal kernel (GDK) model was sufficient to predict the majority of variation in location and extent of spread across pest species and that proxies of propagule pressure and habitat invasibility – well studied predictors of establishment – should also be applied to the dispersal stage.
TAGAY LANG, DILI MAG MARITES
Creators: name: GAPUTAN, MARL LECHBEN O.
Publisher: name: BINAS PUBLISHING
Year: 2025
Subjects: TAGAY LANG, DILI MAG MARITES
TAGAY, MARITES

description: PACIFICUS: A Literary Magazine by Binas Publishing (Volume 1, Issue 1)

 

PACIFICUS is a literary magazine by Binas Publishing that celebrates the power of words through a diverse collection of poetry, short stories, essays, and creative works. With its inaugural issue, PACIFICUS Volume 1, Issue 1 sets the stage for a platform where writers and artists can share their voices, perspectives, and imagination.

 

This edition features compelling narratives, thought-provoking reflections, and artistic expressions that resonate with readers across different backgrounds. Whether exploring themes of identity, resilience, culture, or the human experience, PACIFICUS embodies the essence of storytelling that inspires and connects.

 

As a publication dedicated to fostering literary excellence, PACIFICUS aims to nurture emerging and established writers while enriching the literary landscape. Each issue aspires to be a testament to creativity, insight, and the enduring impact of literature.
Additional file 1 of What is needed for continuity of care and how can we achieve it? – Perceptions among multiprofessionals on the chronic care trajectory
Creators: name: Ljungholm, Linda
name: Edin-Liljegren, Anette
name: Ekstedt, Mirjam
name: Klinga, Charlotte
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Appendix 1. Interview guide.
The influence of ecological grazing and crop management on soil water: A meta-analysis
Creators: name: Gonzalez, Jasmin
name: Basche, Andrea
name: DeLonge, Marcia
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: Agricultural soils that store more water can reduce impacts of increased rainfall variability and climate change, including runoff, erosion, and crop yield damages. Research demonstrates that conservation and ecological practices can improve the soil properties and processes related to water storage. Importantly, in dry regions ecological and conservation practices can increase crop yields and mitigate yield effects of weather variability. The objective of this research is to quantitatively summarize field measurements of infiltration rates to investigate how different conservation and agroecological practices impact this indicator of soil hydrology, important for climate resilience. The study is ongoing and to date 111 studies and 407 observations have been included in the analysis. With the data considered thus far, water infiltration rate improved by 75% on average across all practices. Effects were dependent on treatment and the greatest effect came from systems with continuous ground cover (agroforestry-based grazing systems, perennials and cover crops). Ecological practices should be further researched to optimize benefits. Future analysis will incorporate more studies and soil properties (e.g., porosity, water retained at field capacity).
Modeling the groundwater-surface water interaction in a wet prairie: Implications for an invasive species
Creators: name: Gomezdelcampo, Enrique
name: Dayal Buddika Wijayarathne
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: A shallow groundwater model was implemented using the Gridded Surface Subsurface Hydrologic Analysis (GSSHA) software to simulate the groundwater and surface water interaction in the hydrologically complex area around Wiregrass Ditch in the Oak Openings Region of Northwest Ohio.
[Bao yan tang xu mi ji] : wu shi zhi [Volume 02]
[寶顏堂續秘笈] : 五十帙 [第二冊]
Creators: name: (:Null)
Publisher: name: [China] : [Shen shi Shang bai zhai]
Year: 2017

description: Wood-block printing, on double leaves, East Asian binding.
Volume 01-04: Shang shu gu shi - Mai wang.
Volume 05-08: Xian yi bian - Shu du za chao.
Volume 09-12: Si yi kao - Hu hui.
Volume 13-16: Luo hu ye lu - Bi han bu.
Edition: [Ke ben]
[Bao yan tang xu mi ji] : wu shi zhi [Volume 12]
[寶顏堂續秘笈] : 五十帙 [第十二冊]
Creators: name: (:Null)
Publisher: name: [China] : [Shen shi Shang bai zhai]
Year: 2017

description: Wood-block printing, on double leaves, East Asian binding.
Volume 01-04: Shang shu gu shi - Mai wang.
Volume 05-08: Xian yi bian - Shu du za chao.
Volume 09-12: Si yi kao - Hu hui.
Volume 13-16: Luo hu ye lu - Bi han bu.
Edition: [Ke ben]
Non-Hermitian Fermi-Dirac Distribution in Persistent Current Transport
Creators: name: Shen, Pei-Xin
name: Lu, Zhide
name: Lado, Jose L.
name: Trif, Mircea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Persistent currents circulate continuously without requiring external power sources. Here, we extend their theory to include dissipation within the framework of non-Hermitian quantum Hamiltonians. Using Green's function formalism, we introduce a non-Hermitian Fermi-Dirac distribution and derive an analytical expression for the persistent current that relies solely on the complex spectrum. We apply our formula to two dissipative models supporting persistent currents: (i) a phase-biased superconducting-normal-superconducting junction; (ii) a normal ring threaded by a magnetic flux. We show that the persistent currents in both systems exhibit no anomalies at any emergent exceptional points, whose signatures are only discernible in the current susceptibility. We validate our findings by exact diagonalization and extend them to account for finite temperatures and interaction effects. Our formalism offers a general framework for computing quantum many-body observables of non-Hermitian systems in equilibrium, with potential extensions to non-equilibrium scenarios.
description: 5+9 pages, 4+5 figures, published in Phys. Rev. Lett. with Editors' Suggestion
Appendix for Interspeech 2024 Paper: Challenges of German Speech Recognition: A Study on Multi-ethnolectal Speech Among Adolescents
Creators: name: Schubert, Martha
name: Duran, Daniel
name: Siegert, Ingo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This is the Appendix for the following Interspeech 2024 Paper: Challenges of German Speech Recognition: A Study on Multi-ethnolectal Speech Among Adolescents.
Additional file 1 of Intrapopulation differences in polar bear movement and step selection patterns
Creators: name: Wilson, Ryan R.
name: Martin, Michelle St.
name: Regehr, Eric V.
name: Rode, Karyn D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1. Description of multiple imputation approach for movement and step selection analyses.
Tablas 1 y 2. Ideas centrales y reflexiones de las maestras en el Círculo de Reflexión y Aprendizaje sobre las preguntas 1 y 2.
Creators: name: Eismann, Alejandra
name: Barrios Estrada, Ana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 390307
subject: Teacher education and professional development of educators
classificationCode: 470209
subject: Environment and culture

description: Estas figuras son las Tablas 1 y 2 de un trabajo de investigación, las tablas agrupan las categorías emergentes de las ideas centrales tomadas en un Círculo de reflexión y aprendizaje realizado al final del segundo semestre de una disciplina de la Licenciatura en Ciencias Naturales y Educación Ambiental de la Universidad de Nariño (UDENAR) en Colombia. A contiuación se puede ver el resumen del trabajo a ser publicado, donde esas figuras se encuentran incluidas.ResumenEste texto presenta una investigación realizada junto con maestras (os/es) en formación durante los dos últimos periodos del curso de Licenciatura en Ciencias Naturales y Educación Ambiental, como parte de una disciplina enfocada en la práctica pedagógica e investigativa. En los centros de práctica, las (os/es) maestras en formación utilizan un plan de clase que parte de la pregunta y del diálogo con los (as/es) estudiantes, a partir de un tema del currículo, inspirado en la pedagogía de la pregunta de Paulo Freire. Durante el desarrollo del plan de clase, se observa que el planeamiento de la pregunta requiere esfuerzo de las (os/es) maestras para deconstruir prácticas habituales al enseñar ciencias, y que las respuestas, generaron sorpresas y asombro. Lo cual se registra en un Círculo de Reflexión y Aprendizaje, inspirado en Freire (2007) y Quintar (2006), al finalizar la disciplina. La experiencia se sistematiza como propone Jara (2022). Las reflexiones en el círculo posibilitaron iniciar procesos de ruptura con una educación bancaria, lo que posibilita pensar en una educación libertadora que respeta las diferentes formas de ser, estar y pensar en los territorios y que cuestiona el logos occidental en relación a la colonización de los mismos. En el texto, también se discuten las permanencias y desafíos para una descolonización en la educación en ciencias y educación ambiental.
Non-reciprocal dynamics and the non-Hermitian skin effect of repulsively bound pairs
Creators: name: Brighi, Pietro
name: Nunnenkamp, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of a Bose-Hubbard model coupled to an engineered environment which in the non-interacting limit is described by the celebrated Hatano-Nelson model. At strong interactions, two bosons occupying the same site form a so-called repulsively bound pair, or doublon. Using tensor-network simulations, we clearly identify a distinct doublon lightcone and show that the doublon inherits non-reciprocity from that of single particles. Applying the idea of reservoir engineering at the level of doublons, we introduce a new set of dissipators and we analytically show that then the doublon dynamics are governed by the Hatano-Nelson model. This brings about an interaction-induced non-Hermitian skin effect and non-reciprocal doublon motion. Combining features of the two models we study, we show that single particles and doublons can be made to spread with opposite directionality, opening intriguing possibilities for the study of dynamics in interacting non-reciprocal models.
Additional file 2 of Intrapopulation differences in polar bear movement and step selection patterns
Creators: name: Wilson, Ryan R.
name: Martin, Michelle St.
name: Regehr, Eric V.
name: Rode, Karyn D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 2. Plots of the posterior distribution of parameters estimated for the estimation of movement metrics and step selection coefficients.
Tilt in quadratic gravity
Creators: name: de Medeiros, Waleska P. F.
name: Lazo, Matheus J.
name: Müller, Daniel
name: Sales, Dinalva A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, tilted source solutions in both Einstein-Hilbert General Relativity (GR) and Quadratic Gravity (QG) for the anisotropic Bianchi V model are addressed. Since the excellent CMBR match of Starobinsky's inflation with Planck's team measurements data, QG has acquired a prominent status in the effective sense, for sufficiently strong gravity fields. The main interest is in the numeric time evolution to the past towards the singularity and the behavior of the kinematic variables, vorticity, acceleration, and the expansion of this source substance. In QG we found that for universes with higher and smaller matter densities fall into the Kasner or isotropic singularity attractors to the past, respectively. We also found that the Kasner singularity attractor to the past has always zero vorticity, for both GR and QG theories. While for QG the isotropic singularity attractor may have divergent vorticity. For the set of assumptions and conditions supposed in this work, the isotropic singularity attractor, favors QG as compared to GR. Only in QG we were able to find a geometric singularity with divergences in all of the kinematic variables of the substance, decreasing to finite values to the future, upon time reversing. That is, we obtained an initial kinematic singularity substance, that approaches a perfect fluid source.
description: 28 pages, 12 figures
Polka el Pilé: Digital Edition
Creators: name: Jacsont Pauline
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Spanish literature
Digital edition
XML-TEI

description: Digital edition of a Spanish pliego de cordel (19th c.). It contains the XML-TEI file of the edition, as well as the files that led to this edition, i.e. the digital facsimiles (raw and retouched), and the transcription produced by the OCR tool eScriptorium (ALTO-XML). This digital edition is a part of the research project Desenrollando el cordel / Untangling the cordel / Démêler le cordel (2020-2024), led by professor Constance Carta at the University of Geneva and supported by the philanthropic Sandoz-Monique de Meuron Family Foundation.
Polka el Pilé: Digital Edition
Creators: name: Jacsont Pauline
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Spanish literature
Digital edition
XML-TEI

description: Digital edition of a Spanish pliego de cordel (19th c.). It contains the XML-TEI file of the edition, as well as the files that led to this edition, i.e. the digital facsimiles (raw and retouched), and the transcription produced by the OCR tool eScriptorium (ALTO-XML). This digital edition is a part of the research project Desenrollando el cordel / Untangling the cordel / Démêler le cordel (2020-2024), led by the professor Constance Carta at the University of Geneva and supported by the philanthropic Sandoz-Monique de Meuron Family Foundation.
Canciones de la vuelta al mundo: Digital Edition
Creators: name: Jacsont Pauline
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Spanish literature
Digital edition
XML-TEI

description: Digital edition of a Spanish pliego de cordel (19th c.). It contains the XML-TEI file of the edition, as well as the files that led to this edition, i.e. the digital facsimiles (raw and retouched), and the transcription produced by the OCR tool eScriptorium (ALTO-XML). This digital edition is a part of the research project Desenrollando el cordel / Untangling the cordel / Démêler le cordel (2020-2024), led by professor Constance Carta at the University of Geneva and supported by the philanthropic Sandoz-Monique de Meuron Family Foundation.
Canciones de la vuelta al mundo: Digital Edition
Creators: name: Jacsont Pauline
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Spanish literature
Digital edition
XML-TEI

description: Digital edition of a Spanish pliego de cordel (19th c.). It contains the XML-TEI file of the edition, as well as the files that led to this edition, i.e. the digital facsimiles (raw and retouched), and the transcription produced by the OCR tool eScriptorium (ALTO-XML). This digital edition is a part of the research project Desenrollando el cordel / Untangling the cordel / Démêler le cordel (2020-2024), led by the professor Constance Carta at the University of Geneva and supported by the philanthropic Sandoz-Monique de Meuron Family Foundation.
Additional file 12 of Eavesdropping on the brain at sea: development of a surface-mounted system to detect weak electrophysiological signals from wild animals
Creators: name: Kendall-Bar, Jessica M.
name: Mukherji, Ritika
name: Nichols, Jordan
name: Lopez, Catherine
name: Lozano, Daniel A.
name: Pitman, Julie K.
name: Holser, Rachel R.
name: Beltran, Roxanne S.
name: Schalles, Matt
name: Field, Cara L.
name: Johnson, Shawn P.
name: Vyssotski, Alexei L.
name: Costa, Daniel P.
name: Williams, Terrie M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 12. Extended description for all additional files provided.
Additional file 1 of Eavesdropping on the brain at sea: development of a surface-mounted system to detect weak electrophysiological signals from wild animals
Creators: name: Kendall-Bar, Jessica M.
name: Mukherji, Ritika
name: Nichols, Jordan
name: Lopez, Catherine
name: Lozano, Daniel A.
name: Pitman, Julie K.
name: Holser, Rachel R.
name: Beltran, Roxanne S.
name: Schalles, Matt
name: Field, Cara L.
name: Johnson, Shawn P.
name: Vyssotski, Alexei L.
name: Costa, Daniel P.
name: Williams, Terrie M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. A history of electrophysiological recordings.
Neural Network-Based Processing and Reconstruction of Compromised Biophotonic Image Data
Creators: name: Fanous, Michael John
name: Costa, Paloma Casteleiro
name: Isil, Cagatay
name: Huang, Luzhe
name: Ozcan, Aydogan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The integration of deep learning techniques with biophotonic setups has opened new horizons in bioimaging. A compelling trend in this field involves deliberately compromising certain measurement metrics to engineer better bioimaging tools in terms of cost, speed, and form-factor, followed by compensating for the resulting defects through the utilization of deep learning models trained on a large amount of ideal, superior or alternative data. This strategic approach has found increasing popularity due to its potential to enhance various aspects of biophotonic imaging. One of the primary motivations for employing this strategy is the pursuit of higher temporal resolution or increased imaging speed, critical for capturing fine dynamic biological processes. This approach also offers the prospect of simplifying hardware requirements/complexities, thereby making advanced imaging standards more accessible in terms of cost and/or size. This article provides an in-depth review of the diverse measurement aspects that researchers intentionally impair in their biophotonic setups, including the point spread function, signal-to-noise ratio, sampling density, and pixel resolution. By deliberately compromising these metrics, researchers aim to not only recuperate them through the application of deep learning networks, but also bolster in return other crucial parameters, such as the field-of-view, depth-of-field, and space-bandwidth product. Here, we discuss various biophotonic methods that have successfully employed this strategic approach. These techniques span broad applications and showcase the versatility and effectiveness of deep learning in the context of compromised biophotonic data. Finally, by offering our perspectives on the future possibilities of this rapidly evolving concept, we hope to motivate our readers to explore novel ways of balancing hardware compromises with compensation via AI.
description: 17 Pages, 4 Figures, 1 Table
Five-flavour scheme predictions for $t\bar{t}b\bar{b}$ at next-to-leading order accuracy
Creators: name: Frederix, Rikkert
name: Moskalets, Tetiana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute top quark pair production in association with a bottom quark pair at the LHC within the five-flavour scheme, matched to a parton shower, employing the FxFx merging scheme for $t\bar{t}+\textrm{jets}$ production with up to 2 jets at NLO accuracy. To enhance the selection efficiency for the events with $b$-jets within the inclusive five-flavour sample, we augment the generation probability of bottom quark flavours in the short-distance event generation. Our analysis reveals some differences from NLO predictions within the four-flavour scheme.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, published version
Compton Thick Agn In The 70 Month Swift-Bat All-Sky Hard X-Ray Survey: A Bayesian Approach
Creators: name: Georgantopoulos, I.
name: Akylas, A.
name: Ranalli, P.
name: Corral, A.
name: Lanzuisi, G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Active Galactic Nuclei

description: The 70 month Swift/BAT catalogue provides a sensitive view of the extragalactic X-ray sky at hard energies 14-195 keV containing about 800 Active Galactic Nuclei. We explore its content in heavily obscured Compton-thick AGN by combining the BAT  (14-195 keV) with the XRT data (0.3-10 keV)  at lower energies. We apply a Bayesian methodology using Markov chains to estimate the exact probability distribution of the column density.

 We find 54 possible Compton-thick sources (from 3 to 100 % probability) translating to a 7% fraction of the total AGN population. We derive an accurate  Compton-thick number count distribution  taking into account the exact probability of a source being Compton-thick as well as the flux errors. The number density of Compton-thick AGN  is critical for the calibration of  X-ray background synthesis models. We find that the number count distribution  agrees with models that adopt a low intrinsic fraction of Compton-thick AGN (15%) among the total AGN population and a reflected emission of (~5%).

 Finally, we derive the first parametric luminosity function of Compton-thick AGN in the local universe. The unabsorbed luminosity function can be represented by a double power-law with a break at

 L* ~2 x 10^42  ergs in the 20-40 keV band. The Compton-thick AGN constitute a substantial fraction of the AGN density at low luminosities (<10^42 erg/s).
AIR QUALITY: Understanding the composition of the air we breathe, and how it affects our health
Creators: name: Urquiza, Diana
name: Andria, Nicodemou
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description:  

The document "GreenSCENT - ALL infographics" provides comprehensive information on air quality, its pollutants, and their health impacts. It explains the composition of air, highlighting harmful gases and particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10). The infographics illustrate sources of pollution, such as transportation, industry, agriculture, and natural occurrences. It discusses the Air Quality Index (AQI), its health implications, and measures to protect oneself during high pollution periods. The document emphasizes the need for lifestyle changes, such as reducing vehicle use, saving energy, and opting for renewable energy, to mitigate air pollution. This educational content is part of the GreenAir app developed by the Barcelona Supercomputing Center, funded by the EU’s Horizon 2020 program
Marginally deformed AdS$_5$/CFT$_4$ Backgrounds in Type IIB
Creators: name: Merrikin, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multi-parameter families of $\mathcal{N}=0$ Type IIA and Type IIB AdS$_5$ solutions are presented, promoting to $\mathcal{N}=1$ in some special cases. The G-Structure description of each $\mathcal{N}=1$ solution is given, requiring an Abelian T-Duality of the G-Structure conditions and Pure Spinors. Investigations at the boundaries are performed for a two-parameter family of Type IIA and a three-parameter family of Type IIB solutions, finding the presence of orbifold singularities in some backgrounds. All parameters drop out of the Holographic Central Charge calculation, pointing to marginal deformations in the dual CFT description.
Addressing the Band Gap Problem with a Machine-Learned Exchange Functional
Creators: name: Bystrom, Kyle
name: Falletta, Stefano
name: Kozinsky, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The systematic underestimation of band gaps is one of the most fundamental challenges in semilocal density functional theory (DFT). In addition to hindering the application of DFT to predicting electronic properties, the band gap problem is intimately related to self-interaction and delocalization errors, which make the study of charge transfer mechanisms with DFT difficult. In this work, we present two key innovations to address the band gap problem. First, we design an approach for machine learning density functionals based on Gaussian processes to explicitly fit single-particle energy levels. Second, we introduce novel nonlocal features of the density matrix that are expressive enough to fit these single-particle levels. Combining these developments, we train a machine-learned functional for the exact exchange energy that predicts molecular energy gaps and reaction energies of a wide range of molecules in excellent agreement with reference hybrid DFT calculations. In addition, while being trained solely on molecular data, our model predicts reasonable formation energies of polarons in solids, showcasing its transferability and robustness. Our approach generalizes straightforwardly to full exchange-correlation functionals, thus paving the way to the design of novel state-of-the-art functionals for the prediction of electronic properties of molecules and materials.
description: 35 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables, supporting information; v2: fixed incorrect figure 1 plot and fixed equations 58, 73, 77, and 78; v3: expanded analysis of polaron formation energies
A Floquet analysis perspective of driven light-matter interaction models
Creators: name: Larson, Jonas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we analyze the harmonically driven Jaynes-Cummings and Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick models using both numerical integration of time-dependent Hamiltonians and Floquet theory. For a separation of time-scales between the drive and intrinsic Rabi oscillations in the former model, the driving results in an effective periodic reversal of time. The corresponding Floquet Hamiltonian is a Wannier-Stark model, which can be analytically solved. Despite the chaotic nature of the driven Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick model, moderate system sizes can display qualitatively different behaviors under varying system parameters. Ergodicity arises in systems that are neither adiabatic nor diabatic, owing to repeated multi-level Landau-Zener transitions. Chaotic behavior, observed in slow driving, manifests as random jumps in the magnetization, suggesting potential utility as a random number generator. Furthermore, we discuss both models in terms of what we call Floquet Fock state lattices.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures. Submitted to JOSA B feature issue "The Jaynes-Cummings Model: 60 Years and Still Counting"
Very-High-Energy Gamma-Ray Observations Of Active Galactic Nuclei With Veritas
Creators: name: Quinn, John
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Active Galactic Nuclei

description: VERITAS is an array of four imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes for very-high-energy (VHE, E>100 GeV) gamma-ray astronomy that has been in full scientific operation since 2007. The VERITAS collaboration is conducting several key science projects, one of which is the study of active galactic nuclei (AGN). So far, VERITAS has invested more than 3000 hours in observations of AGN, with approximately 150 objects observed. The program has resulted in the successful detection of 34 AGN as VHE gamma-ray sources, with the majority belonging to the blazar AGN subclass. Significant effort is made to acquire multiwavelength data coincident with the VERITAS observations. An overview of the VERITAS AGN program and its key results will be presented.
Additional file 2 of Eavesdropping on the brain at sea: development of a surface-mounted system to detect weak electrophysiological signals from wild animals
Creators: name: Kendall-Bar, Jessica M.
name: Mukherji, Ritika
name: Nichols, Jordan
name: Lopez, Catherine
name: Lozano, Daniel A.
name: Pitman, Julie K.
name: Holser, Rachel R.
name: Beltran, Roxanne S.
name: Schalles, Matt
name: Field, Cara L.
name: Johnson, Shawn P.
name: Vyssotski, Alexei L.
name: Costa, Daniel P.
name: Williams, Terrie M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Design iteration summary.
Matter and Antimatter Asymmetry Explained by Field Symmetry: A Potential-Dominance Perspective
Creators: name: Wilcox, Clyde Jermaine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: "Clyde Jermaine Wilcox has introduced a novel field-stability-based framework for explaining matter-antimatter asymmetry, offering testable predictions and addressing fundamental gaps in Standard Model cosmology."

This paper is about, Matter and Antimatter Asymmetry Explained by Field Symmetry: A Potential-Dominance Perspective by Clyde Jermaine Wilcox, proposes a novel framework for understanding the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe. By examining the relationship between field symmetries, specifically the dominance of electric potential in antimatter and magnetic realization in matter, the paper offers a fresh explanation for why matter prevails. It introduces the concept of the Field Stability Factor (FSF), which quantifies the balance between magnetic and electric energy densities, offering a testable hypothesis for matter-antimatter imbalance. The paper integrates concepts from Maxwell's equations, quantum field theory, and current cosmological models, presenting a new approach to particle physics and cosmology.
Spatial Biases in Approximate Arithmetic Are Subject to Sequential Dependency Effects and Dissociate From Attentional Biases
Creators: name: Glaser, Maria
name: Knops, André
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: spatial biases
subject: MNL
subject: approximate arithmetic
subject: numerical cognition
subject: operational momentum
subject: 150 Psychologie
subject: 510 Mathematik

description: The notion that mental arithmetic is associated with shifts of spatial attention along a spatially organised mental number representation has received empirical support from three lines of research. First, participants tend to overestimate results of addition and underestimate those of subtraction problems in both exact and approximate formats. This has been termed the operational momentum (OM) effect. Second, participants are faster in detecting right-sided targets presented in the course of addition problems and left-sided targets in subtraction problems (attentional bias). Third, participants are biased toward choosing right-sided response alternatives to indicate the results of addition problems and left-sided response alternatives for subtraction problems (Spatial Association Of Responses [SOAR] effect). These effects potentially have their origin in operation-specific shifts of attention along a spatially organised mental number representation: rightward for addition and leftward for subtraction. Using a lateralised target detection task during the calculation phase of non-symbolic additions and subtractions, the current study measured the attentional focus, the OM and SOAR effects. In two experiments, we replicated the OM and SOAR effects but did not observe operation-specific biases in the lateralised target-detection task. We describe two new characteristics of the OM effect: First, a time-resolved, block-wise analysis of both experiments revealed sequential dependency effects in that the OM effect builds up over the course of the experiment, driven by the increasing underestimation of subtraction over time. Second, the OM effect was enhanced after arithmetic operation repetition compared to trials where arithmetic operation switched from one trial to the next. These results call into question the operation-specific attentional biases as the sole generator of the observed effects and point to the involvement of additional, potentially decisional processes that operate across trials.
Particle Creation in a Linear Gravitational Wave Background
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Tanmoy
name: Majumdar, Parthasarathi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by the pioneering 1968 work of L Parker, demonstrating matter quanta production in a dynamical spacetime background, we consider production of scalar quanta in a gravitational wave background. Choosing the spacetime to be a flat spacetime perturbed linearly by a linear gravitational wave, we show that scalar particles may indeed be produced in a perturbative manner. Our formulation is valid for any linear gravitational wave background profile, and is by no means restricted to monochromatic plane waves, in contrast to much of the earlier work on this topic. Thus, our work is directly applicable to gravitational wave signals from compact binary coalescence detected at LIGO, where they are of a pulsed character rather than monochromatic plane waves. We also briefly outline generalizing our approach for photon creation in a gravitational wave background. In this aspect, irrespective of the astrophysical nature of the binary merger sourcing the gravitational wave signal, one expects the dynamical nature of the spacetime to produce all species of light particles. Thus, any binary coalescence is in effect a source of multimessenger astrophysics.
description: 6 pages revtex4-1, no figures, abstract changed, two sentences added. New paragraph added in Introduction to delineate the distinction of the paper from earlier work. Several new references added
Additional file 3 of Eavesdropping on the brain at sea: development of a surface-mounted system to detect weak electrophysiological signals from wild animals
Creators: name: Kendall-Bar, Jessica M.
name: Mukherji, Ritika
name: Nichols, Jordan
name: Lopez, Catherine
name: Lozano, Daniel A.
name: Pitman, Julie K.
name: Holser, Rachel R.
name: Beltran, Roxanne S.
name: Schalles, Matt
name: Field, Cara L.
name: Johnson, Shawn P.
name: Vyssotski, Alexei L.
name: Costa, Daniel P.
name: Williams, Terrie M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Statistics report for signal quality analysis.
Vacuum instability in QED with an asymmetric x-step. New example of exactly solvable case
Creators: name: Breev, A. I.
name: Gavrilov, S. P.
name: Gitman, D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81Q05, 81V10, 33C50

description: We present a new exactly solvable case in strong-field QED with one-dimensional step potential (x-step). The corresponding x-step is given by an analytic asymmetric with respect to the axis x reflection function. The step can be considered as a certain analytic "deformation" of the symmetric Sauter field. Moreover, it can be treated as a new regularization of the Klein step field. We study the vacuum instability caused by this x-step in the framework of a nonperturbative approach to strong-field QED. Exact solutions of the Dirac equation used in the corresponding nonperturbative calculations, are represented in the form of stationary plane waves with special left and right asymptotics and identified as components of initial and final wave packets of particles. We show that in spite of the fact that the symmetry with respect to positive and negative bands of energies is broken, distribution of created pairs and other physical quantities can be expressed via elementary functions. We consider the processes of transmission and reflection in the ranges of the stable vacuum and study physical quantities specifying the vacuum instability. We find the differential mean numbers of electron-positron pairs created from the vacuum, the components of current density and energy-momentum tensor of the created electrons and positrons leaving the area of the strong field under consideration. Besides, we study the particular case of the particle creation due to a weakly inhomogeneous electric field and obtain explicitly the total number, the current density and energy-momentum tensor of created particles. Unlike the symmetric case of the Sauter field the asymmetric form of the field under consideration causes the energy density and longitudinal pressure of created electrons to be not equal to the energy density and longitudinal pressure of created positrons.
description: 37 pages
A Smooth Shadow-Rate Dynamic Nelson-Siegel Model for Yields at the Zero Lower Bound
Creators: name: Opschoor, Daan
name: van der Wel, Michel
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: We propose a smooth shadow-rate version of the dynamic Nelson-Siegel (DNS) model to analyze the term structure of interest rates during a zero lower bound (ZLB) period. By relaxing the no-arbitrage restriction, our shadow-rate model becomes highly tractable with a closed-form yield curve expression. This permits the implementation of readily available DNS extensions such as allowing for time-varying parameters and the integration of macroeconomic variables. Using U.S. Treasury data, we provide clear evidence of a smooth transition of the yields entering and leaving the ZLB state. Moreover, we show that the smooth shadow-rate DNS model dominates the baseline DNS model and (shadow-rate) affine term structure models in terms of fitting and forecasting the yield curve, while it also produces plausible policy insights at the ZLB.
Developmental Trajectories of Executive and Verbal Processes in Children with Phenylketonuria
Creators: name: Hawks, Zoë W.
name: Strube, Michael J.
name: Johnson, Neco X.
name: Grange, Dorothy K.
name: White, Desirée A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health

description: Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a hereditary disorder characterized by disrupted phenylalanine metabolism and cognitive impairment. However, the precise nature and developmental trajectory of this cognitive impairment remains unclear. The present study used a verbal fluency task to dissociate executive and verbal processes in children with PKU (n = 23; 7–18 years) and controls (n = 44; 7–19 years). Data were collected at three longitudinal timepoints over a three-year period, and the contributions of age, group, and their interaction to fluency performance were evaluated. Results indicated impairments in executive processes in children with PKU, which were exacerbated by declining metabolic control.
Additional file 5 of Eavesdropping on the brain at sea: development of a surface-mounted system to detect weak electrophysiological signals from wild animals
Creators: name: Kendall-Bar, Jessica M.
name: Mukherji, Ritika
name: Nichols, Jordan
name: Lopez, Catherine
name: Lozano, Daniel A.
name: Pitman, Julie K.
name: Holser, Rachel R.
name: Beltran, Roxanne S.
name: Schalles, Matt
name: Field, Cara L.
name: Johnson, Shawn P.
name: Vyssotski, Alexei L.
name: Costa, Daniel P.
name: Williams, Terrie M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 5. Auditory Evoked Potentials (AEP) to compare Goldcup vs. Needle electrodes.
A Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach for Security-Aware Service Acquisition in IoT
Creators: name: Arazzi, Marco
name: Nicolazzo, Serena
name: Nocera, Antonino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The novel Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm is composed of a growing number of heterogeneous smart objects and services that are transforming architectures and applications, increasing systems' complexity, and the need for reliability and autonomy. In this context, both smart objects and services are often provided by third parties which do not give full transparency regarding the security and privacy of the features offered. Although machine-based Service Level Agreements (SLA) have been recently leveraged to establish and share policies in Cloud-based scenarios, and also in the IoT context, the issue of making end users aware of the overall system security levels and the fulfillment of their privacy requirements through the provision of the requested service remains a challenging task. To tackle this problem, we propose a complete framework that defines suitable levels of privacy and security requirements in the acquisition of services in IoT, according to the user needs. Through the use of a Reinforcement Learning based solution, a user agent, inside the environment, is trained to choose the best smart objects granting access to the target services. Moreover, the solution is designed to guarantee deadline requirements and user security and privacy needs. Finally, to evaluate the correctness and the performance of the proposed approach we illustrate an extensive experimental analysis.