cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Leveraging Government Construction Purchasing to Expand Training and Apprenticeship, Overcome Skills Shortages, and Promote a More Diverse Workforce
Creators: name: Calvert, John
Publisher: name: Workplace: A Journal for Academic Labor
Year: 2025

description: British Columbia has experienced a continuing shortage of skilled construction workers. Over half its apprentices fail to complete their vocational education and training (VOC) programs and an alarming number of workers leave the industry due to the precarious nature of the work and a toxic worksite culture, a problem of particular significance for Indigenous workers, women and racialized minorities. This article examines a unique experiment in reorganizing construction training and employment initiated in 2018 under a newly elected government. Its purpose was to address key factors that impeded the industry’s ability to achieve the government’s ambitious construction agenda by providing more extensive employer support for training and apprenticeship, recruiting a more diversified workforce and improving the workplace culture on construction sites. To advance this agenda, the government created a public corporation, British Columbia Infrastructure Benefits (BCIB), to train and employ the trades’ workforce on selected major infrastructure projects. To achieve the support of labour, it negotiated a community benefits agreement (CBA) with a council of 19 building trades unions covering its entire workforce. To enable BCIB to function as the employer on all its projects, the government made it a condition of its procurement contracts that successful bidders use BCIB’s employees and comply with the CBA’s terms, which prioritized local hire, apprenticeships and equity employment. To track its training and employment performance, BCIB established a comprehensive payroll-based database unique in the industry. This has enabled it to identify - and address - impediments to workforce renewal. To improve the worksite culture and deal with racism, sexism and homophobia, it created a mandatory two-day Respectful Onsite Initiative (ROI) orientation program which all its workers must take before starting their jobs. While the creation of a public employer has been controversial, BCIB’s workers have now logged over 500,000 hours, making it the second largest provincial construction employer. It has also documented significant progress in implementing its training and apprenticeship programs, achieving outcomes considerably better than the rest of the industry.
description: Workplace: A Journal for Academic Labor, Vol. 35 No. 1 (2024): Pre-prints
Transcription of a description of fishing claims and families of Tish-tang-ah-ding
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Escamilla, Ramón
name: Newbold, Lindsey
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio files VP-170811-01 and VP-170811-02: Transcription of a description of fishing and families from the village of Tish-tang-ah-ding (file VP-250711-01), from the beginning of the story to 5:00 (VP-170811-01) and from 5:00 to 9:34 (VP-170811-02).
Homogenisation Theory of Space-Time Metamaterials
Creators: name: Huidobro, Paloma Arroyo
name: Silveirinha, Mario G.
name: Galiffi, Emanuele
name: Pendry, J. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a general framework for the homogenisation theory of space-time metamaterials. By mapping to a frame co-moving with the space-time modulation, we derive analytical formulae for the effective material parameters for travelling wave modulations in the low frequency limit: electric permittivity, magnetic permeability and magnetoelectric coupling. Remarkably, we show that the theory is exact at all frequencies in the absence of back-reflections, and exact at low frequencies when that condition is relaxed. This allows us to derive exact formulae for the Fresnel drag experienced by light travelling through travelling-wave modulations of electromagnetic media.
Primordial Non-Gaussianity and Gravitational Waves: Observational Tests of Brane Inflation in String Theory
Creators: name: Lidsey, James E.
name: Seery, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study brane inflation scenarios in a warped throat geometry and show that there exists a consistency condition between the non-Gaussianity of the curvature perturbation and the amplitude and scale-dependence of the primordial gravitational waves. This condition is independent of the warping of the throat and the form of the inflaton potential. We find that such a relation could be tested by a future CMB polarization experiment if the Planck satellite is able to detect both a gravitational wave background and a non-Gaussian statistic. In models where the observable stage of inflation occurs when the brane is in the tip region of the throat, we derive a further consistency condition involving the scalar spectral index, the tensor-scalar ratio and the curvature perturbation bispectrum. We show that when such a relation is combined with the WMAP3 results, it leads to a model-independent bound on the gravitational wave amplitude given by 0.001 < r < 0.01. This corresponds to the range of sensitivity of the next generation of CMB polarization experiments.
description: 7 pages, uses RevTeX4. v2, replaced with version accepted by Phys. Rev. D
Mechanism of the Verwey transition in magnetite
Creators: name: Piekarz, P.
name: Parlinski, K.
name: Oles, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By combining {\it ab initio} results for the electronic structure and phonon spectrum with the group theory, we establish the origin of the Verwey transition in Fe$_3$O$_4$. Two primary order parameters with $X_3$ and $Δ_5$ symmetries are identified. They induce the phase transformation from the high-temperature cubic to the low-temperature monoclinic structure. The on-site Coulomb interaction $U$ between 3d electrons at Fe ions plays a crucial role in this transition -- it amplifies the coupling of phonons to conduction electrons and thus opens a gap at the Fermi energy. {\it Published in Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 97}, 156402 (2006).}
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Interactions between language and memory (Lew et al., 2024)
Creators: name: Lew, Emilia C.
name: Sares, Anastasia
name: Gilbert, Annie C.
name: Zhang, Yue
name: Lehmann, Alexandre
name: Deroche, Mickael
Publisher: name: ASHA journals
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 460212
subject: Speech recognition
classificationCode: 520401
subject: Cognition
classificationCode: 520404
subject: Memory and attention

description: Purpose: Greater recognition of the impact of hearing loss on cognitive functions has led speech/hearing clinics to focus more on auditory memory outcomes. Typically evaluated by scoring participants’ recall on a list of unrelated words after they have heard the list read out loud, this method implies pitch and timing variations across words. Here, we questioned whether these variations could impact performance differentially in one language or another.Method: In a series of online studies evaluating auditory short-term memory in normally hearing adults, we examined how pitch patterns (Experiment 1), timing patterns (Experiment 2), and interactions between the two (Experiment 3) affected free recall of words, cued recall of forgotten words, and mental demand. Note that visual memory was never directly tested; written words were only used after auditory encoding in the cued recall part. Studies were administered in both French and English, always conducted with native listeners.Result: Confirming prior work, grouping mechanisms facilitated free recall, but not cued recall (the latter being only affected by longer presentation time) or ratings of mental demand. Critically, grouping by pitch provided more benefit for French than for English listeners, while grouping by time was equally beneficial in both languages.Conclusion: Pitch is more useful to French- than to English-speaking listeners for encoding spoken words in short-term memory, perhaps due to the syllable-based versus stress-based rhythms inherent to each language.Supplemental Material S1. Information regarding the physical demand, temporal demand, subjective performance, effort, and frustration components of the NASA-TLX.Supplemental Material S2. Distribution of fluency in other languages (than the first language used exclusively in testing) by the two groups of participants in each experiment. The French-speaking group was more bilingual than the English-speaking group, especially in Experiment 3.Lew, E. C., Sares, A., Gilbert, A. C., Zhang, Y., Lehmann, A., & Deroche, M. (2024). Differences between French and English in the use of suprasegmental cues for the short-term recall of word lists. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 67(10), 3748–3761. https://doi.org/10.1044/2024_JSLHR-23-00655
On the endomorphisms of Weyl modules over affine Kac-Moody algebras at the critical level
Creators: name: Feigin, Boris
name: Frenkel, Edward
name: Rybnikov, Leonid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present an independent short proof of the main result of arXiv:0706.3725 that the algebra of endomorphisms of a Weyl module of critical level is isomorphic to the algebra of functions on the space of monodromy-free opers on the disc with regular singularity and residue determined by the highest weight of the Weyl module. We derive this from the results of arXiv:0712.1183 about the shift of argument subalgebras.
description: 9 pages
Intelligent Transportation Systems Statewide Architecture
Creators: name: Crabtree, Joseph D.
name: Walton, Jennifer R.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: This report describes the development of Kentucky’s Statewide Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) Architecture. The process began with the development of an ITS Strategic Plan in 1997-2000. A Business Plan, developed in 2000-2001, translated the goals of the Strategic Plan into specific project recommendations. To develop the Statewide Architecture, the project team first inventoried all existing and planned ITS projects in the state. A project architecture was developed for each identified project, and these project architectures were then merged to form the Statewide Architecture. This report describes the background work that set the stage for the architecture, the actual architecture development process, and some of the key issues and challenges faced during the development. In addition, this report provides a description of the actual deliverables that resulted from the architecture development.
Online training for high-performance analogue readout layers in photonic reservoir computers
Creators: name: Antonik, Piotr
name: Haelterman, Marc
name: Massar, Serge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Introduction. Reservoir Computing is a bio-inspired computing paradigm for processing time-dependent signals. The performance of its hardware implementation is comparable to state-of-the-art digital algorithms on a series of benchmark tasks. The major bottleneck of these implementation is the readout layer, based on slow offline post-processing. Few analogue solutions have been proposed, but all suffered from notice able decrease in performance due to added complexity of the setup. Methods. Here we propose the use of online training to solve these issues. We study the applicability of this method using numerical simulations of an experimentally feasible reservoir computer with an analogue readout layer. We also consider a nonlinear output layer, which would be very difficult to train with traditional methods. Results. We show numerically that online learning allows to circumvent the added complexity of the analogue layer and obtain the same level of performance as with a digital layer. Conclusion. This work paves the way to high-performance fully-analogue reservoir computers through the use of online training of the output layers.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Redshift Evolution of the H2/HI Mass Ratio In Galaxies
Creators: name: Morselli, Laura
name: Renzini, Alvio
name: Enia, Andrea
name: Rodighiero, Giulia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present an attempt to estimate the redshift evolution of the molecular to neutral gas mass ratio within galaxies (at fixed stellar mass). For a sample of five nearby grand design spirals located on the Main Sequence (MS) of star forming galaxies, we exploit maps at 500 pc resolution of stellar mass and star formation rate ($M_{\star}$ and SFR). For the same cells, we also have estimates of the neutral ($M_{\rm HI}$) and molecular ($M_{\rm H_2}$) gas masses. To compute the redshift evolution we exploit two relations: {\it i)} one between the molecular-to-neutral mass ratio and the total gas mass ($M_{\rm gas}$), whose scatter shows a strong dependence with the distance from the spatially resolved MS, and {\it ii)} the one between $\log(M_{\rm{H_2}}/M_{\star})$ and $\log(M_{\rm{HI}}/M_{\star})$. For both methods, we find that $M_{\rm H_2}$/$M_{\rm HI}$ within the optical radius slightly decreases with redshift, contrary to common expectations of galaxies becoming progressively more dominated by molecular hydrogen at high redshifts. We discuss possible implications of this trend on our understanding of the internal working of high redshift galaxies.
description: Letter accepted for publication on MNRAS
Highway Crash Site Management
Creators: name: Barrett, Monica L.
name: Walton, Jennifer R.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: Traveler delay is the problem most often associated with highway crashes, but by far the most serious problem is the resulting secondary crashes that occur. Another related issue is the danger posed to response personnel serving the public at the scene of a crash. The longer a crash is in place, the longer the responders are vulnerable and exposed to injury.  The Kentucky Transportation Center, in cooperation with the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet, developed a checklist and interagency workshop to address ways to secure and coordinate the resources necessary to restore the roadway’s operation in a safe and timely manner. The Highway Crash Site Management workshop and Checklist have been a very effective way to get the message of quick clearance to emergency responders.  During the past fiscal year (2002-2003), emphasis was placed on conducting more workshops and distributing more Checklists. Six additional workshops were conducted and 1000 Checklists were printed for distribution. In addition, minor modifications were made to the workshop material and delivery process. A packet of information pertaining to the project was distributed nationally as a way to share Kentucky’s “successful practices”, and an evaluation survey was conducted to determine the benefits of the workshop and Checklist.  It is the finding of this study that emergency responders are receptive to this program and that conducting more workshops and distributing more Checklists would improve crash site management throughout the state. Minor modifications should be made to the workshop in an effort to make the program more sustainable, and the management and organization should gradually be turned over to the Technology Transfer section of the Kentucky Transportation Center.
Realistic multiband k.p approach from ab initio and spin-orbit coupling effects of InAs and InP in wurtzite phase
Creators: name: de Faria Junior, P. E.
name: Campos, T.
name: Bastos, S. M. O.
name: Gmitra, Martin
name: Fabian, Jaroslav
name: Sipahi, G.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: BAND-STRUCTURE; NANOWIRE; SEMICONDUCTORS; ZINCBLENDE; POLYTYPES;
subject: 530 Physik

description: Semiconductor nanowires based on non-nitride III-V compounds can be synthesized under certain growth conditions to favor the appearance of the wurtzite crystal phase. Despite reports in the literature of ab initio band structures for these wurtzite compounds, we still lack effective multiband models and parameter sets that can be simply used to investigate physical properties of such systems, for instance, under quantum confinement effects. In order to address this deficiency, in this study we calculate the ab initio band structure of bulk InAs and InP in the wurtzite phase and develop an 8 x 8 k . p Hamiltonian to describe the energy bands around the Gamma point. We show that our k . p model is robust and can be fitted to describe the important features of the ab initio band structure. The correct description of the spin-splitting effects that arise due to the lack of inversion symmetry in wurtzite crystals is obtained with the k-dependent spin-orbit term in the Hamiltonian, often neglected in the literature. All the energy bands display a Rashba-like spin texture for the in-plane spin expectation value. We also provide the density of states and the carrier density as functions of the Fermi energy. Alternatively, we show an analytical description of the conduction band, valid close to the Gamma point. The same fitting procedure is applied to the 6 x 6 valence band Hamiltonian. However, we find that the most reliable approach is the 8 x 8 k . p Hamiltonian for both compounds. The k . p Hamiltonians and parameter sets that we develop in this paper provide a reliable theoretical framework that can be easily applied to investigate electronic, transport, optical, and spin properties of InAs- and InP-based nanostructures.
Cyrtolophosis mucicola Stokes 1885
Creators: name: Durán-Ramírez, Carlos Alberto
name: Dias, Roberto Júnio Pedroso
name: Estrada, Rosaura Mayén-
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Ciliophora
Colpodea
Cyrtolophosidida
Cyrtolophosididae
Cyrtolophosis
Cyrtolophosis mucicola

description: Cyrtolophosis mucicola Stokes, 1885
Distribution. BRAZIL: Paraná River between the Nupelia’s Field Station and the district of Porto São José, São Pedro do Paraná (Buosi et al. 2014 b, 2015), (Ad); (Foissner et al. 2003). DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: (Foissner et al. 2003). ECUADOR: (Foissner et al. 2003). MEXICO: Coffee plantation La Onza, near Coatepec (Durán-Ramírez et al. 2015), (Th); Coffee plantation Virginia Armand, near Coatepec (Durán-Ramírez et al. 2015), (Th); Santuario del Bosque de Niebla, near Xalapa (Durán-Ramírez et al. 2015), (Th). VENEZUELA: South margin of the Henri Pittier National Park, Biological Station Rancho Grande (Foissner 2016); North border of the Henri Pittier National Park, surroundings of the village of Choroni (Foissner 2016), (Ts).
description: Published as part of Durán-Ramírez, Carlos Alberto, Dias, Roberto Júnio Pedroso & Estrada, Rosaura Mayén-, 2020, Checklist of ciliates (Alveolata: Ciliophora) that inhabit in bromeliads from the Neotropical Region, pp. 1-36 in Zootaxa 4895 (1) on page 25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4895.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4321437
A 1.2 mm MAMBO survey of Post-AGB stars
Creators: name: Buemi, C. S.
name: Umana, G.
name: Trigilio, C.
name: Leto, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed a millimetric survey of a sample of 24 post-AGB stars aimed to search for emission from circumstellar matter, in order to investigate the physical properties of the outer parts of the envelopes. The observations were conducted using the 37-channel Max-Planck Millimeter Bolometer array at the 30-meter IRAM telescope. The continuum emission toward the detected sources was used to quantify the mass of the emitting dust. We combined our observations with data available in literature to construct the spectral energy distribution (SED) of the sources. When the observational data cover a spectral range wide enough, some properties of circumstellar envelopes were derived by comparison with spectra computed using a radiative transfer code. Of the 24 objects in our sample, we detected millimetric continuum emission toward 11 sources. Two other sources were detected at flux level close to 3$σ$. The derived circumstellar dust masses range between 0.4 and $24 \times 10^{-4}$ M$_{\odot}$, but these results are affected from the uncertain about the source distances. The parameters derived from the SED fits are consistent with the values characteristic for these kind of object. As confirmed from the flux density extrapolated in the first light channels of the Atacama Large Millimetric Array, such sources would be good targets for future high resolution mapping with the ALMA facility.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, A&A in press
Lessons Learned System for Kentucky Transportation Projects
Creators: name: Goodrum, Paul M.
name: Yasin, Mohammed F.
name: Hancher, Donn E.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: A system of collecting, archiving, and disseminating lessons learned is a critical component of experienced-based processes, such as the design and construction of roadway and bridges. This report examines the development of a centralized, web-based Lessons Learned System for the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet. The research developed a working prototype of a lessons learned system that functions off of centrally located databases making it easier to administer and update. The Lessons Learned System was designed to accept both text and attachments through file uploads while maintaining relationships between these items of information in terms of a lesson learned. The report describes how the Lessons Learned System can be integrated into both the existing post construction review process and the proposed constructability program within the Cabinet. Although the system was designed to support the post construction review and constructability processes, its architecture will support other processes within the Cabinet where the archiving of lessons learned is important. The project also developed a process for maintaining the lessons learned system that includes the role of a gatekeeper to insure the quality and accuracy of the submitted and stored lessons.
Random pattern and frequency generation using a photonic reservoir computer with output feedback
Creators: name: Antonik, Piotr
name: Hermans, Michiel
name: Haelterman, Marc
name: Massar, Serge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reservoir computing is a bio-inspired computing paradigm for processing time dependent signals. The performance of its analogue implementations matches other digital algorithms on a series of benchmark tasks. Their potential can be further increased by feeding the output signal back into the reservoir, which would allow to apply the algorithm to time series generation. This requires, in principle, implementing a sufficiently fast readout layer for real-time output computation. Here we achieve this with a digital output layer driven by a FPGA chip. We demonstrate the first opto-electronic reservoir computer with output feedback and test it on two examples of time series generation tasks: frequency and random pattern generation. We obtain very good results on the first task, similar to idealised numerical simulations. The performance on the second one, however, suffers from the experimental noise. We illustrate this point with a detailed investigation of the consequences of noise on the performance of a physical reservoir computer with output feedback. Our work thus opens new possible applications for analogue reservoir computing and brings new insights on the impact of noise on the output feedback.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1802.02026
Detecting Media Bias in News Articles using Gaussian Bias Distributions
Creators: name: Chen, Wei-Fan
name: Al-Khatib, Khalid
name: Stein, Benno
name: Wachsmuth, Henning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Media plays an important role in shaping public opinion. Biased media can influence people in undesirable directions and hence should be unmasked as such. We observe that featurebased and neural text classification approaches which rely only on the distribution of low-level lexical information fail to detect media bias. This weakness becomes most noticeable for articles on new events, where words appear in new contexts and hence their "bias predictiveness" is unclear. In this paper, we therefore study how second-order information about biased statements in an article helps to improve detection effectiveness. In particular, we utilize the probability distributions of the frequency, positions, and sequential order of lexical and informational sentence-level bias in a Gaussian Mixture Model. On an existing media bias dataset, we find that the frequency and positions of biased statements strongly impact article-level bias, whereas their exact sequential order is secondary. Using a standard model for sentence-level bias detection, we provide empirical evidence that article-level bias detectors that use second-order information clearly outperform those without.
An Updated Formalism For Line-Driven Radiative Acceleration and Implications for Stellar Mass Loss
Creators: name: Lattimer, Aylecia S.
name: Cranmer, Steven R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radiation contributes to the acceleration of large-scale flows in various astrophysical environments because of the strong opacity in spectral lines. Quantification of the associated force is crucial to understanding these line-driven flows, and a large number of lines (due to the full set of elements and ionization stages) must be taken into account. Here we provide new calculations of the dimensionless line strengths and associated opacity-dependent force multipliers for an updated list of approximately 4.5 million spectral lines compiled from the NIST, CHIANTI, CMFGEN, and TOPbase databases. To maintain generality of application to different environments, we assume local thermodynamic equilibrium, illumination by a Planck function, and the Sobolev approximation. We compute the line forces in a two-dimensional grid of temperatures (i.e., values between 5,200 and 70,000 K) and densities (varying over 11 orders of magnitude). Historically, the force multiplier function has been described by a power-law function of optical depth. We revisit this assumption by fitting alternative functions that include a saturation to a constant value (Gayley's $\bar{Q}$ parameter) in the optically-thin limit. This alternate form is a better fit than the power-law form, and we use it to calculate example mass-loss rates for massive main-sequence stars. Because the power-law force multiplier does not continue to arbitrarily small optical depths, we find a sharp decrease, or quenching, of line-driven winds for stars with effective temperatures less than about 15,000 K.
description: 20 pages, 14 figures, 1 table
Un navire dans le port de Brest
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2024

Abstract
Abstract
Abstract
Powerful flares from recoiling black holes in quasars
Creators: name: Shields, G. A.
name: Bonning, E. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mergers of spinning black holes can give recoil velocities from gravitational radiation up to several thousand km/s. A recoiling supermassive black hole in an AGN retains the inner part of its accretion disk. Marginally bound material rejoining the disk around the moving black hole releases a large amount of energy in shocks in a short time, leading to a flare in thermal soft X-rays with a luminosity approaching the Eddington limit. Reprocessing of the X-rays by the infalling material gives strong optical and ultraviolet emission lines with a distinctive spectrum. Despite the short lifetime of the flare (~10^4 yr), as many as 100 flares may be in play at the present time in QSOs at redshifts ~ 1 to 3. These flares provide a means to identify high velocity recoils.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, submitted to ApJ
Praktische Probleme der Kernresonanzspektroskopie (PPNMR) 2023: NFDI4Chem: Auf dem Weg zu FAIRen NMR-Daten
Creators: name: Fischer, Tillmann G.
name: Rayya, Noura
name: Liermann, Johannes C.
name: Steinbeck, Christoph
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Die Vision von NFDI4Chem ist die Digitalisierung aller wichtigen Schritte in der chemischen Forschung [1]. Eine zentrale Voraussetzung dafür ist, chemische Forschungsdaten FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) [2] zu machen. Die NMR-Spektroskopie ist hier ein idealer Anwendungsfall: Sie ist in der chemischen Forschung nahezu allgegenwärtig und hat komplexe Anforderungen an Datenformate [3] für Roh-, verarbeitete und analysierte Daten sowie Metadaten.

Um die elektronische Ablage von NMR-Daten von Anfang an zu fördern, setzt NFDI4Chem auf die Nutzung und Entwicklung von NMR-Editoren wie NMRium [4] und ChemSpectra [5]. Sie ermöglichen das Lesen, Verarbeiten und Exportieren der Daten und Metadaten in elektronische Laborjournale (ELNs) und Repositorien. Das ELN Chemotion [6] und das Repositorium nmrXiv (derzeit in der Entwicklung) [7] werden eng aufeinander abgestimmt, um einen nahtlosen Datenfluss durch alle Phasen der Forschung zu gewährleisten. Außerdem arbeiten wir mit den Herausgebern wissenschaftlicher Zeitschriften zusammen, um die Autorenrichtlinien der Verlage bezüglich der Veröffentlichung von NMR-Daten weiterzuentwickeln [8].

In diesem Vortrag möchten wir einen Ausblick auf den Weg geben: Welche Formate und Standards gibt es heute? Was sind geeignete Konzepte für Mindestinformationen [9], Terminologie und Metadaten? Und welche Werkzeuge stehen zur Verfügung oder werden in Zukunft verfügbar sein?

[1]  C. Steinbeck, O. Koepler, F. Bach, S. Herres-Pawlis, N. Jung, J. Liermann, S. Neumann, et al., Research Ideas and Outcomes, 2020, 6: e55852. DOI: 10.3897/rio.6.e55852. Website: https://www.nfdi4chem.de.

[2]  M. Wilkinson, M. Dumontier, I. Aalbersberg, G. Appleton, M. Axton, A. Baak, N. Blomberg, J.-W. Boiten, L. B. da Silva Santos, P. E. Bourne, et al. Sci Data 2016, 3, 160018, DOI: 10.1038/sdata.2016.18.

[3] D. Rauh, C. Blankenburg, T. G. Fischer, N. Jung, S. Kuhn, U. Schatzschneider, T. Schulze, S.Neumann, Pure Appl. Chem. 2021, 94, 725. DOI: 10.1515/pac-2021-3101.

[4] A. D. Davies, L. Patiny, Spectrosc. Eur. 2021, 33, 21. DOI: 10.1255/sew.2021.a18; Website: www.nmrium.org.

[5]  Y-C. Huang, P. Tremouilhac, A. Nguyen, N. Jung, S. Bräse, J. Cheminf. 2021, 13: 3. DOI: 10.1186/s13321-020-00481-0.

[6] P. Tremouilhac, A. Nguyen, Y-C. Huang, S. Kotov, D. S. Lütjohannes, F. Hübsch, N. Jung, S. Bräse, J. Cheminf. 2017, 9: 45. DOI: 10.1186/s13321-017-0240-0; Website: www.chemotion.net.

[7] Website: www.nmrxiv.org.

[8] N. A. Parks, T. G. Fischer, C. Blankenburg, V. F. Scalfani, L. R. McEwen, S. Herres-Pawlis, S. Neumann, Pure Appl. Chem. 2023, ASAP. DOI: 10.1515/pac-2022-1001.

[9] S. Herres-Pawlis, F. Bach, I. J. Bruno, S. Chalk, N. Jung, J. C. Liermann, L. R. McEwen, S. Neumann, C. Steinbeck, M. Razum, O. Koepler, Angew. Chem. 2022, 134, e202203038, DOI: 10.1002/ange.202203038.
Field-dependent specific heat of the canonical underdoped cuprate superconductor YBa$_2$Cu$_4$O$_8$
Creators: name: Tallon, Jeffery L.
name: Loram, John W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cuprate superconductor YBa$_2$Cu$_4$O$_8$, in comparison with most other cuprates, has a stable stoichiometry, is largely free of defects and may be regarded as the canonical underdoped cuprate, displaying marked pseudogap behaviour and an associated distinct weakening of superconducting properties. This cuprate `pseudogap' manifests as a partial gap in the electronic density of states at the Fermi level and is observed in most spectroscopic properties. After several decades of intensive study it is widely believed that the pseudogap closes, mean-field like, near a characteristic temperature, $T^*$, which rises with decreasing hole concentration, $p$. Here, we report extensive field-dependent electronic specific heat studies on YBa$_2$Cu$_4$O$_8$ up to an unprecedented 400 K and show unequivocally that the pseudogap never closes, remaining open to at least 400 K where $T^*$ is typically presumed to be about 150 K. We show from the NMR Knight shift and the electronic entropy that the Wilson ratio is numerically consistent with a weakly-interacting Fermion system for the near-nodal states. And, from the field-dependent specific heat, we characterise the impact of fluctuations and impurity scattering on the thermodynamic properties.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
Development of a Statewide Landslide Inventory Program
Creators: name: Hopkins, Tommy C.
name: Beckham, Tony L.
name: Sun, Liecheng
name: Butcher, Barry
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: Development of a comprehensive geotechnical database for risk management of highway landslide problems is described. Computer software selected to program the client/server application in a data window, components and structure of the geotechnical database, and some of the primary factors considered in constructing the database are discussed. In the establishment of a large database that will be used widely, it is extremely important to select development software that will allow simultaneous use of the database by numerous users. Major integrated components of the database include landslide, rock slope, and soil and rock engineering data. This report mainly focuses on the landslide component. The landslide database module provides programmed procedures for gathering field data and rating the severity of landslides. Secondary components of the database include statistical analyzers and engineering applications for performing “on-line” analysis of data, developing correlation between different soil parameters, and performing engineering analysis and designs. Procedures for entering historical soil and rock engineering data have been developed. Procedures for entering and retrieval of landslide and rock slope data have been developed. Methods for “capturing” geotechnical data in a “real-time” mode, which will allow the storage of geotechnical data as it is generated, are currently being programmed. Issues concerning database security, engineering units, and storing and displaying maps, graphics, and photographs are discussed. The database contains procedures for dynamically overlaying the locations of landslides, rock slopes, and borings onto embedded roadway and digitized geological maps. Latitudes and longitudes of rock slopes and landslides were determined using Global Positioning System equipment (sub-meter accuracy). Strategies and illustrations of graphical user interfaces for data entry and retrieval are discussed. Some 1,400 highway landslides were identified and rated using a simple system devised by the University of Kentucky Transportation Center and the Kentucky Transportation Cabinet.
Roadway Lighting And Driver Safety
Creators: name: Green, Eric R.
name: Agent, Kenneth R.
name: Barrett, Monica L.
name: Pigman, Jerry G.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: The objectives of this project were to: a) analyze the safety benefits associated with roadway lighting; b) determine the design of the lighting installation necessary to provide an adequate level of lighting; c) investigate how lighting affects the driver and the roadway’s surrounding environment; d) review the economic correlation between effective lighting and cost savings for the State; e) provide input for updating the current section on street and highway lighting in the Traffic Guidance Manual; and f) analyze crash data to identify nighttime high crash locations. The procedure involved a literature search, a survey of states, crash data analysis, and collection of illumination data.  The survey of states found that most states used information from either “An Informational Guide for Roadway Lighting” by AASHTO or “American Standard Practice for Roadway Lighting (ANSI/IESNA RP-8-00)” as a basis for their warrants and design of highway lighting. A procedure was developed to identify spots or sections that have a critical number or rate of nighttime crashes. An interactive nighttime critical rate analysis program was developed. Crashes at spots and intersections having a high number or rate of nighttime crashes were reviewed. A large number of the locations identified as having a high nighttime crash rate are rural locations where the nighttime crashes can be addressed with improved delineation (pavement markings and signage). The illumination data show that the AASHTO guidelines can be met with a limited number of properly located luminaries. For example, one luminary placed across from the single approach at a “T-intersection” or two luminaries on diagonal quadrants of a “cross-intersection” (adjacent to the side street stop approach) were found to meet the guidelines if properly located.
In memoriam Patriarch Alexij II. von Moskau und der ganzen Rus'
Creators: name: Heller, Dagmar
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 58 Nr. 1 (2009): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 58, Heft 1
Naturalness of parity breaking in a supersymmetric SO(10) model
Creators: name: Sarkar, Anjishnu
name: Yajnik, Urjit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a supersymmetric SO(10) model which remains renormalisable upto Planck scale. The cosmology of such a model passes through a Left-Right symmetric phase. Potential problems associated with domain walls can be evaded if parity breaking is induced by soft terms when supersymmetry breaks in the hidden sector. The smallness of this breaking permits a brief period of domination by the domain walls ensuring dilution of gravitinos and other unwanted relics. The requirement that domain walls disappear constrains some of the soft parameters of the Higgs potential.
description: 4 pages, To appear in Proceedings of SUSY06, the 14th International Conference on Supersymmetry and the Unification of Fundamental Interactions, UC Irvine, California, 12-17 June 2006
Black Holes, Instanton Counting on Toric Singularities and q-Deformed Two-Dimensional Yang-Mills Theory
Creators: name: Griguolo, Luca
name: Seminara, Domenico
name: Szabo, Richard J.
name: Tanzini, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the relationship between instanton counting in N=4 Yang-Mills theory on a generic four-dimensional toric orbifold and the semi-classical expansion of q-deformed Yang-Mills theory on the blowups of the minimal resolution of the orbifold singularity, with an eye to clarifying the recent proposal of using two-dimensional gauge theories to count microstates of black holes in four dimensions. We describe explicitly the instanton contributions to the counting of D-brane bound states which are captured by the two-dimensional gauge theory. We derive an intimate relationship between the two-dimensional Yang-Mills theory and Chern-Simons theory on generic Lens spaces, and use it to show that the correct instanton counting is only reproduced when the Chern-Simons contributions are treated as non-dynamical boundary conditions in the D4-brane gauge theory. We also use this correspondence to discuss the counting of instantons on higher genus ruled Riemann surfaces.
description: 27 pages
title: Physical model tests and numerical simulation for assessing the stability of tunnels
Creators: name: Chen, Hanmei
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2020

description: Nowadays, numerical modelling is increasingly used to assess the stability of tunnels and underground caverns. However, an analysis of the mechanical behaviour of existing brick-lined tunnels remains challenging due to the complex material components. One promising approach is to carry out a series of small-scale physical tunnel model tests representing the true behaviour of a prototype under extreme loading in order to validate and develop the corresponding numerical models. A physical model test is advisable before any field study, which might be dangerous and costly. During the tests, advanced monitoring techniques such as laser scanning and photogrammetry would be used to register tunnel deformation and lining defects. This investigation will show how these may substitute or supplement the conventional manual procedures. Simultaneously, numerical models will be developed, primarily using FLAC and UDEC software, to simulate the physical models after comparing their results. In this way, numerical simulations of physical models would be achieved and verified. These numerical models could then be applied to the field study in the future research, enabling accurate prediction of the actual mechanical behaviour of a masonry tunnel, in combination with advanced monitoring techniques.
Analyzing Political Bias and Unfairness in News Articles at Different Levels of Granularity
Creators: name: Chen, Wei-Fan
name: Al-Khatib, Khalid
name: Wachsmuth, Henning
name: Stein, Benno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Media organizations bear great reponsibility because of their considerable influence on shaping beliefs and positions of our society. Any form of media can contain overly biased content, e.g., by reporting on political events in a selective or incomplete manner. A relevant question hence is whether and how such form of imbalanced news coverage can be exposed. The research presented in this paper addresses not only the automatic detection of bias but goes one step further in that it explores how political bias and unfairness are manifested linguistically. In this regard we utilize a new corpus of 6964 news articles with labels derived from adfontesmedia.com and develop a neural model for bias assessment. By analyzing this model on article excerpts, we find insightful bias patterns at different levels of text granularity, from single words to the whole article discourse.
The social construction of welfare fraud : the impact on front-line workers and welfare recipients in British Columbia (1993-1996)
Creators: name: Mason, Judy Lee
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This study is centered around examining the impact that the recent welfare reform has had on front-line workers in the welfare bureaucracy and the clients of the welfare system. In 1993 the government in British Columbia began implementing sweeping policy and procedural changes that altered the way in which welfare services were provided and limited the services available to the poor. The impetus for these changes is situated in the widespread media coverage of welfare fraud and abuse throughout 1993 and 1994. The media, by targeting certain sub-groups of the welfare client population, was able to substantiate their claim that the welfare system was not only being undermined but that it was also operating on the basis of policies that were flawed and therefore easily abused. This study begins with a presentation of the policy and procedural changes that have occurred within the Ministry of Social Services in British Columbia from 1993 to 1996. The second section of this study examines the media's response to the "welfare fraud crisis" and the way in which a moral panic was created around the "problem" of welfare fraud. This analysis draws upon moral panic and social constructionist theory to examine not only the media's presentation of the "crisis" but also the government's response to the public concern that had been generated. The final section of this study presents a discussion of the front-line worker's response to the changes that have taken place within the Ministry of Social Services over the last four years. The analysis is centered around examining how these front-line government workers cope with the restrictive and regulatory policies they are responsible for enforcing. The study concludes with suggestion for further research on this topic.
Constructibility Issues on KyTC Projects
Creators: name: Hancher, Donn E.
name: Thozhal, Joseph J.
name: Goodrum, Paul M.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: Constructibility is defined by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials Subcommittee on Construction as “a process that utilizes construction personnel with extensive construction knowledge early in the design stages of projects to ensure that the projects are buildable, while also being cost-effective, biddable, and maintainable” A successful constructibility review process for a transportation agency must follow an established methodology similar to value engineering. The process must be flexible and address the critical issues impacting transportation construction projects, such as ease of construction, environmental factors, construction phasing and scheduling, project safety, and accommodation of future maintenance and operations. To obtain maximum benefit from a constructibility review, it must be initiated early in the planning phase of the project and continue through design and construction.  Several key topics related to CRP are presented in this report, with emphasis on the KyTC Project Development Process, and constructibility input to this process. Several recommendations have been proposed to enhance the program.