cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Power Calculations for Replication Studies
Creators: name: Micheloud, Charlotte
name: Held, Leonhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The reproducibility crisis has led to an increasing number of replication studies being conducted. Sample sizes for replication studies are often calculated using conditional power based on the effect estimate from the original study. However, this approach is not well suited as it ignores the uncertainty of the original result. Bayesian methods are used in clinical trials to incorporate prior information into power calculations. We propose to adapt this methodology to the replication framework and promote the use of predictive instead of conditional power in the design of replication studies. Moreover, we describe how extensions of the methodology to sequential clinical trials can be tailored to replication studies. Conditional and predictive power calculated at an interim analysis are compared and we argue that predictive power is a useful tool to decide whether to stop a replication study prematurely. A recent project on the replicability of social sciences is used to illustrate the properties of the different methods.
description: 28 pages, 4 figures (+ 1 in Appendix), 3 tables (+2 in Appendix)
On a family of singular continuous measures related to the doubling map
Creators: name: Baake, Michael
name: Coons, Michael
name: Evans, James
name: Gohlke, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60B05, 37E05, 11B37, 52C23

description: Here, we study some measures that can be represented by infinite Riesz products of 1-periodic functions and are related to the doubling map. We show that these measures are purely singular continuous with respect to Lebesgue measure and that their distribution functions satisfy super-polynomial asymptotics near the origin, thus providing a family of extremal examples of singular measures, including the Thue--Morse measure.
description: 15 pages, with illustrating examples and figures, revised and slightly expanded version
Orbifold Euler characteristics of non-orbifold groupoids
Creators: name: Farsi, Carla
name: Seaton, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 22A22, 57S15, Secondary 14P10, 57R18

description: For a finitely presented discrete group $Γ$, we introduce two generalizations of the orbifold Euler characteristic and $Γ$-orbifold Euler characteristic to a class of proper topological groupoids large enough to include all cocompact proper Lie groupoids. The $Γ$-Euler characteristic is defined as an integral with respect to the Euler characteristic over the orbit space of the groupoid, and the $Γ$-inertia Euler characteristic is the usual Euler characteristic of the $Γ$-inertia space associated to the groupoid. A key ingredient is the application of o-minimal structures to study orbit spaces of topological groupoids. Our main result is that the $Γ$-Euler characteristic and $Γ$-inertia Euler characteristic coincide and generalize the higher-order orbifold Euler characteristics of Gusein-Zade, Luengo, and Melle-Hernández from the case of a translation groupoid by a compact Lie group and $Γ= \mathbb{Z}^\ell$. By realizing the $Γ$-Euler characteristic as the usual Euler characteristic of a topological space, we demonstrate that it is Morita invariant in the category of topological groupoids and satisfies familiar properties of the classical Euler characteristic. We give an additional formulation of the $Γ$-Euler characteristic for a cocompact proper Lie groupoid in terms of a finite covering by orbispace charts. In the case that the groupoid is an abelian extension of a translation groupoid by a bundle of groups, we relate the $Γ$-Euler characteristics to those of the translation groupoid and bundle of groups.
description: 29 pages. From v1: significant rewriting to clarify the definitions and improve exposition
Optimal packings of congruent circles on a square flat torus
Creators: name: Musin, Oleg R.
name: Nikitenko, Anton V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52C15, 05B40

description: We consider packings of congruent circles on a square flat torus, i.e., periodic (w.r.t. a square lattice) planar circle packings, with the maximal circle radius. This problem is interesting due to a practical reason - the problem of "super resolution of images." We have found optimal arrangements for N=6, 7 and 8 circles. Surprisingly, for the case N=7 there are three different optimal arrangements. Our proof is based on a computer enumeration of toroidal irreducible contact graphs.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures
title: The Parisian Immigrant Cook: Who Are You?
Creators: name: Gough, Síobhan
Publisher: name: Technological University of Dublin
Year: 2018

description: This research focuses on the working conditions, professional lives and identities of immigrant cooks working in Paris with a view to improving, through a better understanding of these aspects, their accessibility to the workforce and potential career paths. France is the home of the restaurant and is historically a country of welcome and refuge for migrants. In the past ten years the rhetoric surrounding immigration and migrants has changed and there is growing negativity surrounding this population group despite the many studies pointing to migrant workers’ positive contributions to societies and economies. The culinary industry relies on, and will continue to rely on, migrant and immigrant labour to satisfy sector growth within its labour intensive operation model. Following an interpretivist epistemology, this phenomenological exploratory research reviews the relevant literature surrounding immigrant cooks. These secondary findings are discussed within a focus group of immigrant cooks in Paris and the transcript was analysed using template analysis. The results of this analysis helped form the questions for the individual semi-structured interviews with immigrant cooks. Interviewees were encouraged to discuss topics important to them and their experience as immigrant cooks in Paris. Transcribed individual interview data was analysed using thematic analysis and two main themes were refined. The first theme ‘Challenges’ had two sub themes: (1) human resource issues, and (2) integration and segregation. The second theme ‘Attitude’ also had two sub themes: (1) what it means to be a cook, and (2) gastronomy.

The results of this research show that the cooks interviewed identify as professional culinarians with a love and respect for French gastronomy. However, they also feel that they are on the outside of the gastronomic world and are used rather than valued for their inputs. Drawing on the philosophy of hospitality, which centres on openness, vulnerability and generosity, this research concludes that the French hospitality industry needs to be more hospitable to its own employees, particularly its immigrant cooks.

Further research is required to expand this first investigation into the identities behind the statistics of immigrant cooks as their contributions to gastronomy and the culinary industry increase in importance.
Genetic draft, selective interference, and population genetics of rapid adaptation
Creators: name: Neher, Richard A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: To learn about the past from a sample of genomic sequences, one needs to understand how evolutionary processes shape genetic diversity. Most population genetic inference is based on frameworks assuming adaptive evolution is rare. But if positive selection operates on many loci simultaneously, as has recently been suggested for many species including animals such as flies, a different approach is necessary. In this review, I discuss recent progress in characterizing and understanding evolution in rapidly adapting populations where random associations of mutations with genetic backgrounds of different fitness, i.e., genetic draft, dominate over genetic drift. As a result, neutral genetic diversity depends weakly on population size, but strongly on the rate of adaptation or more generally the variance in fitness. Coalescent processes with multiple mergers, rather than Kingman's coalescent, are appropriate genealogical models for rapidly adapting populations with important implications for population genetic inference.
description: supplementary illustrations and scripts are available at http://webdav.tuebingen.mpg.de/interference/
On Complex LLL Algorithm for Integer Forcing Linear Receivers
Creators: name: Sakzad, Amin
name: Harshan, J.
name: Viterbo, Emanuele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Integer-forcing (IF) linear receiver has been recently introduced for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) fading channels. The receiver has to compute an integer linear combination of the symbols as a part of the decoding process. In particular, the integer coefficients have to be chosen based on the channel realizations, and the choice of such coefficients is known to determine the receiver performance. The original known solution of finding these integers was based on exhaustive search. A practical algorithm based on Hermite-Korkine-Zolotareff (HKZ) and Minkowski lattice reduction algorithms was also proposed recently. In this paper, we propose a low-complexity method based on complex LLL algorithm to obtain the integer coefficients for the IF receiver. For the 2 X 2 MIMO channel, we study the effectiveness of the proposed method in terms of the ergodic rate. We also compare the bit error rate (BER) of our approach with that of other linear receivers, and show that the suggested algorithm outperforms the minimum mean square estimator (MMSE) and zero-forcing (ZF) linear receivers, but trades-off error performance for complexity in comparison with the IF receiver based on exhaustive search or on HKZ and Minkowski lattice reduction algorithms.
description: To appear in the proceedings of the IEEE Australian Communication Theory Workshop-2013, Adelaide, Australia
Additional file 2 of Persistence in a pharmacist-led, same-day PrEP program in Mississippi: a mixed-methods study
Creators: name: Khosropour, Christine M.
name: Riley, Taylor
name: Healy, Elise
name: Backus, Kandis V.
name: Gomillia, Courtney E.
name: Mena, Leandro
name: Lockwood, Khadijra R.
name: Gordon, Felicia M.
name: Means, Arianna R.
name: Ward, Lori M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology
subject: Cardiology

description: Additional file 2.
Retrospective observational real-life study on metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated in first line with Pembrolizumab plus Axitinib: a project of the Campania Oncology Network
Creators: name: Di Napoli, Marilena
name: Coppola, Elisabetta
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description:  

Pembrolizumab plus Axitinib showed efficacy as first-line treatment in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). In this multicenter real-world study within the Campania Oncology Network, 117 mRCC patients were treated with this combination showing a median progression-free survival of 15.1 months, objective response rate was 27.3% and median overall survival was not reached, supporting its real-world efficacy.
Low-rank Characteristic Tensor Density Estimation Part I: Foundations
Creators: name: Amiridi, Magda
name: Kargas, Nikos
name: Sidiropoulos, Nicholas D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Effective non-parametric density estimation is a key challenge in high-dimensional multivariate data analysis. In this paper,we propose a novel approach that builds upon tensor factorization tools. Any multivariate density can be represented by its characteristic function, via the Fourier transform. If the sought density is compactly supported, then its characteristic function can be approximated, within controllable error, by a finite tensor of leading Fourier coefficients, whose size de-pends on the smoothness of the underlying density. This tensor can be naturally estimated from observed realizations of the random vector of interest, via sample averaging. In order to circumvent the curse of dimensionality, we introduce a low-rank model of this characteristic tensor, which significantly improves the density estimate especially for high-dimensional data and/or in the sample-starved regime. By virtue of uniqueness of low-rank tensor decomposition, under certain conditions, our method enables learning the true data-generating distribution. We demonstrate the very promising performance of the proposed method using several measured datasets.
MPEC 2023-V227 : 2023 VB8
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 VB8

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
NAS-Navigator: Visual Steering for Explainable One-Shot Deep Neural Network Synthesis
Creators: name: Tyagi, Anjul
name: Xie, Cong
name: Mueller, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent advancements in the area of deep learning have shown the effectiveness of very large neural networks in several applications. However, as these deep neural networks continue to grow in size, it becomes more and more difficult to configure their many parameters to obtain good results. Presently, analysts must experiment with many different configurations and parameter settings, which is labor-intensive and time-consuming. On the other hand, the capacity of fully automated techniques for neural network architecture search is limited without the domain knowledge of human experts. To deal with the problem, we formulate the task of neural network architecture optimization as a graph space exploration, based on the one-shot architecture search technique. In this approach, a super-graph of all candidate architectures is trained in one-shot and the optimal neural network is identified as a sub-graph. In this paper, we present a framework that allows analysts to effectively build the solution sub-graph space and guide the network search by injecting their domain knowledge. Starting with the network architecture space composed of basic neural network components, analysts are empowered to effectively select the most promising components via our one-shot search scheme. Applying this technique in an iterative manner allows analysts to converge to the best performing neural network architecture for a given application. During the exploration, analysts can use their domain knowledge aided by cues provided from a scatterplot visualization of the search space to edit different components and guide the search for faster convergence. We designed our interface in collaboration with several deep learning researchers and its final effectiveness is evaluated with a user study and two case studies.
description: Pre-print of the accepted paper at IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 2022
Diagnostics on the source properties of type II radio burst with spectral bumps
Creators: name: Feng, S. W.
name: Chen, Y.
name: Kong, X. L.
name: Li, G.
name: Song, H. Q.
name: Feng, X. S.
name: Guo, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent studies (Feng et al., 2012; Kong et al., 2012), we proposed that source properties of type II radio bursts can be inferred through a causal relationship between the special shape of the type II dynamic spectrum (e.g., bump or break) and simultaneous extreme ultraviolet (EUV)/white light imaging observations (e.g., CME-shock crossing streamer structures). As a further extension of these studies, in this paper we examine the CME event dated on December 31 2007 associated with a multiple type II radio burst. We identify the presence of two spectral bump features on the observed dynamic spectrum. By combining observational analyses of the radio spectral observations and the EUV-white light imaging data, we conclude that the two spectral bumps are resulted from CME-shock propagating across dense streamers on the southern and northern sides of the CME, respectively. It is inferred that the corresponding two type II emissions originate separately from the two CME-shock flanks where the shock geometries are likely quasi-perpendicular or oblique. Since the emission lanes are bumped as a whole within a relatively short time, it suggests that the type IIs with bumps of the study are emitted from spatially confined sources (with a projected lateral dimension smaller than 0.05-0.1 R$_\odot$ at a fundamental frequency level of 20-30 MHz).
description: 19 pages; 4 figures
Information-theoretic Feature Selection via Tensor Decomposition and Submodularity
Creators: name: Amiridi, Magda
name: Kargas, Nikos
name: Sidiropoulos, Nicholas D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Feature selection by maximizing high-order mutual information between the selected feature vector and a target variable is the gold standard in terms of selecting the best subset of relevant features that maximizes the performance of prediction models. However, such an approach typically requires knowledge of the multivariate probability distribution of all features and the target, and involves a challenging combinatorial optimization problem. Recent work has shown that any joint Probability Mass Function (PMF) can be represented as a naive Bayes model, via Canonical Polyadic (tensor rank) Decomposition. In this paper, we introduce a low-rank tensor model of the joint PMF of all variables and indirect targeting as a way of mitigating complexity and maximizing the classification performance for a given number of features. Through low-rank modeling of the joint PMF, it is possible to circumvent the curse of dimensionality by learning principal components of the joint distribution. By indirectly aiming to predict the latent variable of the naive Bayes model instead of the original target variable, it is possible to formulate the feature selection problem as maximization of a monotone submodular function subject to a cardinality constraint - which can be tackled using a greedy algorithm that comes with performance guarantees. Numerical experiments with several standard datasets suggest that the proposed approach compares favorably to the state-of-art for this important problem.
Filtered A-infinity structures in complex geometry
Creators: name: Cirici, Joana
name: Sopena, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove a filtered version of the Homotopy Transfer Theorem which gives an A-infinity algebra structure on any page of the spectral sequence associated to a filtered dg-algebra. We then develop various applications to the study of the geometry and topology of complex manifolds, using the Hodge filtration, as well as to complex algebraic varieties, using mixed Hodge theory
MPEC 2023-V228 : 2023 VC8
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 VC8

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
title: Zur sogenannten Tabula Peutingeriana gehörige Schriften
Creators: name: Freudenberg, J.
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2015

description: 1. Peutingeriana Tabula, von K. Eckermann (in Ersch und Gruber, Encyclopädie der Wiss. und Künste. III. Sect., 20. Theil. S. 14-34). 2. Recueil des itinéraires anciens comprenant l'itinéraire d'Antonin, la table de Peutinger et un choix des périples grecs, avec dix cartes dressées par M. le Colonel Lapie. Publié par M. le Mis de Fortia d'Urban, membre de l'institut. Paris, imprim. royal. 1845. 4to. XIX et 558 pages. 3. Die Ober-Donau-Strasse der Peutingerschen Tafel von Brigobanne bis Abusena. Von F. W. Schmidt, Oberstlieutenant im K. Pr. Generalstabe. Nebst dem Segment der Peut. T., welches die Strasse von Vindonissa bis Regino enthält. Berl. 1844. 74 S. 8°. 4. Ueber die Römerstrassen in den Rhein- und Moselgegenden nach den von dem Kgl. Hauptmann H. Schmidt I. angestellten Untersuchungen, aus den Akten des Königl. Generalstabs ausgezogen und mit Anmerkungen versehen von H. Zwirner (Abhandlung in den Verhandlungen des Vereins zur Beförderung des Gewerbfleisses in Preussen. 1833. Berl. 1833. 4°. S. 72-110. 5. Die römischen Strassen und Befestigungen im Lande der Trevirer, Anhang zum 3. Absch. in I. Steininger's Geschichte der Trevirer unter der Herrschaft der Römer. Trier. 1845. S. 133-200.
Probability density functions attached to random Euler products for automorphic $L$-functions
Creators: name: Mine, Masahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 11F66, Secondary 11F72

description: In this paper, we study the value-distributions of $L$-functions of holomorphic primitive cusp forms in the level aspect. We associate such automorphic $L$-functions with probabilistic models called the random Euler products. First, we prove the existence of probability density functions attached to the random Euler products. Then various mean values of automorphic $L$-functions are expressed as integrals involving the density functions. Moreover, we estimate the discrepancies between the distributions of values of automorphic $L$-functions and those of the random Euler products.
description: 38 pages
Bipolar jets launched from accretion disks. II. Formation of symmetric and asymmetric jets and counter jets
Creators: name: Fendt, Christian
name: Sheikhnezami, Somayeh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the jet launching process from accretion disks extending our recent study (paper I) to a truly bipolar setup. We perform axisymmetric MHD simulations of the disk-jet interaction on a computational domain covering both hemispheres, in particular addressing the question of an intrinsically asymmetric origin of jet / counter jet systems. Treating both hemispheres simultaneously, we overcome the equatorial plane symmetry boundary condition used in most previous studies which naturally fosters a symmetric evolution. For the magnetic diffusivity prescription we apply an alpha-parametrisation, considering both, globally models of diffusivity, and local models. We first approve the quality of our numerical setup by generating perfectly symmetric jets, lasting over a 1000s of dynamical time scales. We then disturb the hemispheric symmetry in the disk, and investigate the subsequent evolution of the outflow. The evolution first leads to a substantial disk warping with electric currents intersecting the equatorial plane. We investigate two models, i) a disk with (initially) different thermal scale height in both hemispheres, and ii) a symmetric disk into which a local disturbance is injected in one hemisphere. In both cases the disk asymmetry results in asymmetric outflows with mass fluxes differing by 10-20%. We find up to 30% difference in mass flux between jet and counter jet for this setup, lasting over 1000s of dynamical time scales (i.e. lasting for the whole simulation). In summary, our results suggest that the jet asymmetries in protostellar and extragalactic jets can indeed be generated intrinsically and maintained over long time by disk asymmetries and the standard jet launching mechanism.
description: Submitted to ApJ, follow-up of paper I, 2012, comments welcome
Additional file 1 of Assessment of genetic polymorphisms associated with malaria antifolate resistance among the population of Libreville, Gabon
Creators: name: Dinzouna-Boutamba, Sylvatrie-Danne
name: Iroungou, Berthe Amélie
name: Akombi, Falone Larissa
name: Yacka-Mouele, Lauriane
name: Moon, Zin
name: Aung, Ja Moon
name: Lee, Sanghyun
name: Chung, Dong-Il
name: Hong, Yeonchul
name: Goo, Youn-Kyoung
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Primer pairs used for theprimary and secondary amplification of drug resistance genes.
title: As time goes by – Vergleich der Perspektiven alter und schwerkranker Menschen im Hinblick auf die Bedeutung von Zeit
Creators: name: Laryionava, Katsiaryna
name: Miche, Martina
name: Wahl, Hans-Werner
name: Winkler, Eva C.
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2015

description: Alternde Menschen haben eine andere Zeiterfahrung als junge Menschen. Auch bei schwer erkrankten Krebspatienten verändert sich die Wahrnehmung des Zeiterlebens. In diesem konzeptionellen Aufsatz werden zunächst die geläufigen Ansätze zum Zeiterleben aus der Entwicklungs- und Alternsforschung wie die sozio-emotionale Selektivitätstheorie (SST) von Carstensen oder Zeitperspektive von Zimbardo und Boyd vorgestellt. Im zweiten Teil des Aufsatzes wird die Zeitwahrnehmung bei Patienten mit fortgeschrittener Krebserkrankung analysiert. Die Krebserkrankung führt zur Erosion der Zukunftsperspektive, Verlangsamung der Geschwindigkeit des Zeiterlebens sowie zur Re-Priorisierung der verbliebenen Zeit. Die Erklärungsmuster für das Zeiterleben bei älteren Menschen und Menschen mit Krebserkrankung werden dann verglichen. Die Gegenüberstellung weist auf sich abzeichnende Gemeinsamkeiten wie beispielsweise eine kürzere Zukunftsperspektive, starke Fokussierung auf emotionale Ziele, aber auch Unterschiede hin. Am Ende werden erste gemeinsame Studienkonzepte und –ergebnisse vorgestellt, die die Bedeutung unterschiedlicher Zeitperspektiven für Ärzte und Patienten bei Entscheidungen am Lebensende darstellen. Die Zeitperspektive aus Sicht der Ärzte und des Patienten ist dabei ein wichtiger Faktor.
description: Forschungsansatz, -methode oder -verfahren: Interdisziplinäre Forschung
description: Forum Marsilius-Kolleg, Bd. 10 (2015), Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Jahr: 2012
MPEC 2023-V229 : 2023 VD8
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 VD8

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Marie Vigener, „Ein wichtiger kulturpolitischer Faktor“. Das Deutsche Archäologische Institut zwischen Wissenschaft, Politik und Öffentlichkeit, 1918–1954. (Menschen – Kulturen – Traditionen. Studien aus den Forschungsclustern des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 7.) Rahden, Westfalen, Leidorf 2012
Creators: name: Altekamp, Stefan
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 943 Deutschland und benachbarte mitteleuropäische Länder

description: Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
Radiating stars with generalised Vaidya atmospheres
Creators: name: Maharaj, S. D.
name: Govender, G.
name: Govender, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We model the gravitational behaviour of a radiating star when the exterior geometry is the generalised Vaidya spacetime. The interior matter distribution is shear-free and undergoing radial heat flow. The exterior energy momentum tensor is a superposition of a null fluid and a string fluid. An analysis of the junction conditions at the stellar surface shows that the pressure at the boundary depends on the interior heat flux and the exterior string density. The results for a relativistic radiating star undergoing nonadiabatic collapse are obtained as a special case. For a particular model we demonstrate that the radiating fluid sphere collapses without the appearance of the horizon at the boundary.
description: 10 pages, To appear in Gen. Relativ. Gravit
Jörg Ludwig, Deutschland und die spanische Revolution 1820–1823. Leipzig, Leipziger Universitätsverlag 2013
Creators: name: Aschmann, Birgit
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 940 Geschichte Europas

description: Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
Currents on cusped hyperbolic surfaces and denseness property
Creators: name: Sasaki, Dounnu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30F35, 20F67

description: The space $\mathrm{GC} (Σ)$ of geodesic currents on a hyperbolic surface $Σ$ can be considered as a completion of the set of weighted closed geodesics on $Σ$ when $Σ$ is compact, since the set of rational geodesic currents on $Σ$, which correspond to weighted closed geodesics, is a dense subset of $\mathrm{GC}(Σ)$. We prove that even when $Σ$ is a cusped hyperbolic surface with finite area, $\mathrm{GC}(Σ)$ has the denseness property of rational geodesic currents, which correspond not only to weighted closed geodesics on $Σ$ but also to weighted geodesics connecting two cusps. In addition, we present an example in which a sequence of weighted closed geodesics converges to a geodesic connecting two cusps, which is an obstruction for the intersection number to extend continuously to $\mathrm{GC}(Σ)$. To construct the example, we use the notion of subset currents. Finally, we prove that the space of subset currents on a cusped hyperbolic surface has the denseness property of rational subset currents.
description: 34 pages, 6 figures. To be published in Groups, Geometry, and Dynamics
Rudolf Schieffer, Christianisierung und Reichsbildungen. Europa 700–1200. München, Beck 2013
Creators: name: Borgolte, Michael
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 940 Geschichte Europas

description: Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
Observational Constraints on Local Lorentz Invariance
Creators: name: Bluhm, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The idea that local Lorentz invariance might be violated due to new physics that goes beyond the Standard Model of particle physics and Einstein's General Relativity has received a great deal of interest in recent years. At the same time, new experiments have been designed and conducted that are able to test Lorentz symmetry at unprecedented levels. Much of this theoretical and experimental progress has been driven by the development of the framework for investigating Lorentz violation known as the Standard Model Extension (SME). The SME is the lagrangian-based effective field theory that by definition contains all Lorentz-violating interaction terms that can be written as observer scalars involving particle fields in the Standard Model and gravitational fields in a generalized theory of gravity. This includes all terms that could arise from a process of spontaneous Lorentz violation as well as terms that explicitly break Lorentz symmetry. In this article, an overview of the SME is presented, including its motivations and construction. A very useful minimal version of the SME in Minkowski spacetime that maintains gauge invariance and power-counting renormalizability is constructed as well. Data tables summarizing tests of local Lorentz invariance for the different particle sectors in the Standard Model and with gravity are maintained by Kostelecký's group at Indiana University. A partial survey of these tests, including some of the high-precision sensitivities they attain, is presented here.
description: Chapter to appear in The Springer Handbook of Spacetime, Springer-Verlag, 2013
Roadmap for gallium arsenide spin qubits
Creators: name: Kuemmeth, Ferdinand
name: Bluhm, Hendrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gate-defined quantum dots in gallium arsenide (GaAs) have been used extensively for pioneering spin qubit devices due to the relative simplicity of fabrication and favourable electronic properties such as a single conduction band valley, a small effective mass, and stable dopants. GaAs spin qubits are readily produced in many labs and are currently studied for various applications, including entanglement, quantum non-demolition measurements, automatic tuning, multi-dot arrays, coherent exchange coupling, and teleportation. Even while much attention is shifting to other materials, GaAs devices will likely remain a workhorse for proof-of-concept quantum information processing and solid-state experiments.
description: This section is part of a roadmap on quantum technologies and comprises 4 pages with 2 figures
Fuzzy Petri Nets for Human Behavior Verification and Validation
Creators: name: Kouzehgar, M.
name: Badamchizadeh, M. A.
name: Khanmohammadi, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Regarding the rapid growth of the size and complexity of simulation applications, designing applicable and affordable verification and validation (V&V) structures is an important problem. On the other hand, nowadays human behavior models are principles to make decision in many simulations and in order to have valid decisions based on a reliable human decision model, first the model must pass the validation and verification criteria. Usually human behavior models are represented as fuzzy rule bases. In all the recent works, V&V process is applied on a ready given rule-base. In this work, we are first supposed to construct a fuzzy rule-base and then apply the V&V process on it. Considering the professor-student interaction as the case-study, in order to construct the rule base, a questionnaire is designed in a special way to be transformed to a hierarchical fuzzy rule-base. The constructed fuzzy rule base is then mapped to a fuzzy Petri net and then within the verification (generating and searching the reachability graph) and validation (reasoning the Petri net) process is searched for probable structural and semantic errors.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Regular models with quadratic equation of state
Creators: name: Maharaj, S. D.
name: Takisa, P. Mafa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide new exact solutions to the Einstein-Maxwell system of equations which are physically reasonable. The spacetime is static and spherically symmetric with a charged matter distribution. We utilise an equation of state which is quadratic relating the radial pressure to the energy density. Earlier models, with linear and quadratic equations of state, are shown to be contained in our general class of solutions. The new solutions to the Einstein-Maxwell are found in terms of elementary functions. A physical analysis of the matter and electromagnetic variables indicates that the model is well behaved and regular. In particular there is no singularity in the proper charge density at the stellar centre unlike earlier anisotropic models in the presence of the electromagnetic field.
description: 14 pages, To appear in Gen. Relativ. Gravit
Autonomous search for a diffusive source in an unknown environment
Creators: name: Ristic, Branko
name: Skvortsov, Alex
name: Walker, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The paper presents an approach to olfactory search for a diffusive emitting source of tracer (e.g. aerosol, gas) in an environment with unknown map of randomly placed and shaped obstacles. The measurements of tracer concentration are sporadic, noisy and without directional information. The search domain is discretised and modelled by a finite two-dimensional lattice. The links is the lattice represent the traversable paths for emitted particles and for the searcher. A missing link in the lattice indicates a blocked paths, due to the walls or obstacles. The searcher must simultaneously estimate the source parameters, the map of the search domain and its own location within the map. The solution is formulated in the sequential Bayesian framework and implemented as a Rao-Blackwellised particle filter with information-driven motion control. The numerical results demonstrate the concept and its performance.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Spatial Photonic Reservoir Computing based on Non-Linear Phase-to-Amplitude Conversion in Micro-Ring Resonators
Creators: name: Mesaritakis, Charis
name: Sozos, Kostas
name: Dermanis, Dimitris
name: Bogris, Adonis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We present a photonic reservoir computing, relying on a non-linear phase-to-amplitude mapping process, able to classify in real-time multi-Gbaud time traces subject to transmission effects. This approach delivers an all-optical, low-power neuromorphic dispersion compensator.
description: 3
Variational Data Assimilation via Sparse Regularization
Creators: name: Ebtehaj, A. M.
name: Zupanski, M.
name: Lerman, G.
name: Foufoula-Georgiou, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper studies the role of sparse regularization in a properly chosen basis for variational data assimilation (VDA) problems. Specifically, it focuses on data assimilation of noisy and down-sampled observations while the state variable of interest exhibits sparsity in the real or transformed domain. We show that in the presence of sparsity, the $\ell_{1}$-norm regularization produces more accurate and stable solutions than the classic data assimilation methods. To motivate further developments of the proposed methodology, assimilation experiments are conducted in the wavelet and spectral domain using the linear advection-diffusion equation.
title: Phase-Only Digital Encryption
Creators: name: Blackledge, Jonathan
name: Govere, Western
name: Sibanda, Dumisani
Publisher: name: Technological University of Dublin
Year: 2019

description: Abstract—We study then-dimensional deconvolution prob-lem associated with an impulse response function and an(additive) noise function that are both characterised by thesame phase-only stochastic spectrum. In this case, it is shownthat the deconvolution problem becomes well-posed and has ageneral solution that is both exact and unique, subject to are-normalisation condition relating to the scale of the solution.While the phase-only spectral model considered is of limitedvalue in general (in particular, problems arising in the fieldsof digital signal processing and communications engineering,specifically with regard to the retrieval of information fromnoise), its application to digital cryptography has potential.One of the reasons for this (as discussed in this paper),is that it provides a method of encrypting data where thediffused plaintext can be effectively embedded in a (phase-only)cipher (subject to the floating point precision used for dataprocessing), thereby fully dissipating the statistical signatureof the plaintext in the distribution of the cipher. Further,a decrypt can be generated that is computationally efficientsubject to the usual cases of sender and receiver havingaccess to identical algorithm(s) and key(s), deconvolution beingequivalent to decryption in the context of the (phase-only)encryption model that is considered. For the two-dimensionalcase, this approach has a potential weakness in terms of a‘correlation attack’ using phase retrieval algorithms and asolution to this problem is provided by introducing a (stochastic)amplitude weighting function. Prototype MATLAB functionsare provided in the Appendices that accompany this paper togive readers the opportunity to repeat the computational resultspresented and extend them further. The functions constitute asymmetric algorithm for encrypting and decrypting full colourimages in which the key(s) have been exchangeda priori. In thiscontext, the final part of the paper considers the applicationof phase-only encryption for key exchange using a Three-way Pass Protocol for which a further prototype MATLABfunction is provided for validation and further development ofthe approach by interested readers.
Effect of Metallicity on the Evolution of the Habitable Zone from the Pre-Main Sequence to the Asymptotic Giant Branch and the Search for Life
Creators: name: Danchi, William C.
name: Lopez, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During the course of stellar evolution, the location and width of the habitable zone changes as the luminosity and radius of the star evolves. The duration of habitability for a planet located at a given distance from a star is greatly affected by the characteristics of the host star. A quantification of these effects can be used observationally in the search for life around nearby stars. The longer the duration of habitability, the more likely it is that life has evolved. The preparation of observational techniques aimed at detecting life would benefit from the scientific requirements deduced from the evolution of the habitable zone. We present a study of the evolution of the habitable zone around stars of 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 M$_{\odot}$ for metallicities ranging from Z=0.0001 to Z=0.070. We also consider the evolution of the habitable zone from the pre-main sequence until the asymptotic giant branch is reached. We find that metallicity strongly affects the duration of the habitable zone for a planet as well as the distance from the host star where the duration is maximized. For a 1.0 M$_{\odot}$ star with near Solar metallicity, Z=0.017, the duration of the habitable zone is $>$10 Gyr at distances 1.2 to 2.0 AU from the star, whereas the duration is $>$20 Gyr for high metallicity stars (Z=0.070) at distances of 0.7 to 1.8 AU, and $\sim$4 Gyr at distances of 1.8 to 3.3 AU for low metallicity stars (Z=0.0001). Corresponding results have been obtained for stars of 1.5 and 2.0 solar masses.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
title: Regime Change in 1950s Ireland: The New Export-Oriented Foreign Investment Strategy
Creators: name: Barry, Frank
name: O'Mahony, Clare
Publisher: name: Technological University of Dublin
Year: 2017

description: The new export-oriented foreign direct investment (FDI) regime of the 1950s was an interparty government initiative that facilitated the later Whitaker and Lemass-led dismantling of protectionist trade barriers. The potential opposition of protectionist-era industry to the new regime was defused by confining the new tax relief to profits derived solely from exports, by allocating new industrial grants only to firms that ‘would not compete in the home market with existing firms’, and by retaining the Control of Manufactures Acts of the 1930s that imposed restrictions on foreign ownership. The fact that the US had overtaken the UK as the major global source of FDI made it easier to secure Fianna Fáil support. US firms were particularly interested in access to EEC markets however, which was not within Ireland’s gift. The export processing zone at Shannon, which might be seen as Lemass’s response to the inter-party initiatives, proved to be of immediate appeal to them. US firms would come to predominate in the non-Shannon region only after Ireland’s entry to the EEC.
Microwave Sensing of Andreev Bound States in a Gate-Defined Superconducting Quantum Point Contact
Creators: name: Chidambaram, Vivek
name: Kringhøj, Anders
name: Casparis, Lucas
name: Kuemmeth, Ferdinand
name: Wang, Tiantian
name: Thomas, Candice
name: Gronin, Sergei
name: Gardner, Geoffrey C.
name: Cui, Zhengyi
name: Liu, Chenlu
name: Moors, Kristof
name: Manfra, Michael J.
name: Petersson, Karl D.
name: Connolly, Malcolm R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a superconducting microresonator as a cavity to sense absorption of microwaves by a superconducting quantum point contact defined by surface gates over a proximitized two-dimensional electron gas. Renormalization of the cavity frequency with phase difference across the point contact is consistent with adiabatic coupling to Andreev bound states. Near $π$ phase difference, we observe random fluctuations in absorption with gate voltage, related to quantum interference-induced modulations in the electron transmission. We identify features consistent with the presence of single Andreev bound states and describe the Andreev-cavity interaction using a dispersive Jaynes-Cummings model. By fitting the weak Andreev-cavity coupling, we extract ~GHz decoherence consistent with charge noise and the transmission dispersion associated with a localized state.