cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Supersymmetric contributions to muon g-2 and the electroweak precision measurements
Creators: name: Cho, Gi-Chol
name: Hagiwara, Kaoru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In view of the recent measurement of the muon g-2 and finalization of the LEP electroweak data, we re-examine all the new particle contributions to those observables in the MSSM. The SM fits the latest electroweak data excellently with the observed top-quark mass and the Higgs-boson mass of around 100 GeV, and so does the MSSM in the decoupling limit. The MSSM gives a slightly better fit to the data than the SM (Δχ^2_{min} \sim -2) when relatively light left-handed sleptons of mass \sim 200 GeV and a light chargino of mixed higgsino-wino character (μ/M_2 \sim 1) with mass \sim 100 GeV co-exist. The improvement in the fit diminishes quickly for wino- or higgsino- dominant charginos, for heavier charginos, and for lighter sleptons. We find that the MSSM contributions to the muon g-2 is most efficient when the light chargino has a mixed character. If \tanβ< 10, the set of a light mixed chargino and light sleptons that is favored by the electroweak data is also favored by the g-2 data for μ>0. Models with light gauginos (μ/M_2 > 10) or light higgsinos (μ/M_2 < 0.1) give significant contributions to muon g-2 only for large \tanβ(\simgt 15).
description: 12 pages, latex, 4 figures. reference added. version to appear in Phys.Lett.B
Infinite Distances and the Axion Weak Gravity Conjecture
Creators: name: Grimm, Thomas W.
name: van de Heisteeg, Damian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The axion Weak Gravity Conjecture implies that when parametrically increasing the axion decay constants, instanton corrections become increasingly important. We provide strong evidence for the validity of this conjecture by studying the couplings of R-R axions arising in Calabi-Yau compactifications of Type IIA string theory. Specifically, we consider all possible infinite distance limits in complex structure moduli space and identify the axion decay constants that grow parametrically in a certain path-independent way. We then argue that for each of these limits a tower of D2-brane instantons with decreasing actions can be identified. These instantons ensure that the convex hull condition relevant for the multi-axion Weak Gravity Conjecture cannot be violated parametrically. To argue for the existence of such instantons we employ and generalize recent insights about the Swampland Distance Conjecture. Our results are general and not restricted to specific examples, since we use general results about the growth of the Hodge metric and the sl(2)-splittings of the three-form cohomology associated to each limit.
description: 40 pages, 2 figures
A Scalable Architecture for Power Consumption Monitoring in Industrial Production Environments
Creators: name: Henning, Sören
name: Hasselbring, Wilhelm
name: Möbius, Armin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Detailed knowledge about the electrical power consumption in industrial production environments is a prerequisite to reduce and optimize their power consumption. Today's industrial production sites are equipped with a variety of sensors that, inter alia, monitor electrical power consumption in detail. However, these environments often lack an automated data collation and analysis. We present a system architecture that integrates different sensors and analyzes and visualizes the power consumption of devices, machines, and production plants. It is designed with a focus on scalability to support production environments of various sizes and to handle varying loads. We argue that a scalable architecture in this context must meet requirements for fault tolerance, extensibility, real-time data processing, and resource efficiency. As a solution, we propose a microservice-based architecture augmented by big data and stream processing techniques. Applying the fog computing paradigm, parts of it are deployed in an elastic, central cloud while other parts run directly, decentralized in the production environment. A prototype implementation of this architecture presents solutions how different kinds of sensors can be integrated and their measurements can be continuously aggregated. In order to make analyzed data comprehensible, it features a single-page web application that provides different forms of data visualization. We deploy this pilot implementation in the data center of a medium-sized enterprise, where we successfully monitor the power consumption of 16~servers. Furthermore, we show the scalability of our architecture with 20,000~simulated sensors.
description: 10 pages
Socially Responsible Products: What Motivates Consumers to Pay a Premium?
Creators: name: Chiu, Leslie J. Verteramo
name: Gomez, Miguel I.
name: Liaukonyte, Jura
name: Kaiser, Harry M.
name: Chiu, Leslie J. Verteramo
name: Gomez, Miguel I.
name: Liaukonyte, Jura
name: Kaiser, Harry M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: The motivation to pay a premium for socially responsible products is partly an expression of consumer concern for the well-being of those involved in the production process. Thus
subject: choosing to buy a product with a socially responsible label and choosing to donate to a charity are similarly motivated actions. While there is an extensive literature on the economics of charitable giving that examines motivations to donate as well as on the impacts of labeling on consumer demand
subject: there is very little overlap between the two literatures. In this paper we attempt to bridge these two literatures by investigating whether consumers have heterogeneous motivations for paying a premium. We design a lab experiment that auctions coffee with hypothetical socially responsible labels that put different weights on in-kind vs. cash transfers. We find that those consumers who prefer to restrict most of the premium to be an in-kind transfer (and are classified as paternalistic altruists) are willing to pay a 52.5% price premium over standard coffee. Those who prefer that most of the premium is paid as cash to the recipient (strong altruists) are willing to pay a 42.5% premium. Finally
subject: those who are indifferent to how the premium is spent by the recipient (warmglow givers) are willing to pay only a 19.2% premium. We discuss the implications of our results and future research directions

description: The motivation to pay a premium for socially responsible products is partly an expression of consumer concern for the well-being of those involved in the production process. Thus, choosing to buy a product with a socially responsible label and choosing to donate to a charity are similarly motivated actions. While there is an extensive literature on the economics of charitable giving that examines motivations to donate as well as on the impacts of labeling on consumer demand, there is very little overlap between the two literatures. In this paper we attempt to bridge these two literatures by investigating whether consumers have heterogeneous motivations for paying a premium. We design a lab experiment that auctions coffee with hypothetical socially responsible labels that put different weights on in-kind vs. cash transfers. We find that those consumers who prefer to restrict most of the premium to be an in-kind transfer (and are classified as paternalistic altruists) are willing to pay a 52.5% price premium over standard coffee. Those who prefer that most of the premium is paid as cash to the recipient (strong altruists) are willing to pay a 42.5% premium. Finally, those who are indifferent to how the premium is spent by the recipient (warmglow givers) are willing to pay only a 19.2% premium. We discuss the implications of our results and future research directions
Galaxy rotation curves and preferred reference frame effects
Creators: name: Ghaffarnejad, Hossein
name: Dehghani, Razieh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As an alternative to dark matter models we use generalized Jordan-Brans-Dicke scalar-vector-tensor (JBD-SVT) gravity model to study the behavior of the rotational velocities of test particles moving around galaxies. To do so we consider an interaction potential $U(ϕ,N_μ)$ between the Brans-Dicke scalar field $ϕ$ and time like dynamical four-vector field $N_μ$ which plays as four velocity of a preferred reference frame. We show that at in weak field limits metric solution of the galaxy under consideration reaches to a modified Schwarzschild-de Sitter space in which mass of the vector field plays as an effective cosmological constant. In fact the present work proposes modification on the formulation of Newton's gravitational acceleration. This is used to explain circular velocity of galaxies without postulating dark matter. We also check our theoretical results with empirical baryonic Tully Fisher relation which states a linear relations between the rotational speed of galaxies and their mass. Mathematical calculation predict a good correspondence between our theoretical results and experimental observations for a set of 12 spiral galaxies.
description: 28 pages, 2 figure and 1 table
Cosmic Microwave Background, Matter-Antimatter Asymmetry and Neutrino Masses
Creators: name: Buchmuller, W.
name: Di Bari, P.
name: Plumacher, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the implications of thermal leptogenesis for neutrino parameters. Assuming that decays of N_1, the lightest of the heavy Majorana neutrinos, initiate baryogenesis, we show that the final baryon asymmetry is determined by only four parameters: the CP asymmetry epsilon_1, the heavy neutrino mass M_1, the effective light neutrino mass \tilde{m}_1, and the quadratic mean \bar{m} of the light neutrino masses. Imposing the CMB measurement of the baryon asymmetry as constraint on the neutrino parameters, we show, in a model independent way, that quasi-degenerate neutrinos are incompatible with thermal leptogenesis. For maximal CP asymmetry epsilon_1, and neutrino masses in the range from (Δm^2_{sol})^{1/2} to (Δm^2_{atm})^{1/2}, the baryogenesis temperature is T_B = O(10^{10}) GeV.
description: 28 pages, 14 figures included; v2: erratum added, M_1 lower bound in the strong wash-out regime (see Eq. (63)) relaxed by a factor 2/3
Metastable precursors during the oxidation of the Ru(0001) surface
Creators: name: Reuter, Karsten
name: Ganduglia-Pirovano, M. Veronica
name: Stampfl, Catherine
name: Scheffler, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using density-functional theory, we predict that the oxidation of the Ru(0001) surface proceeds via the accumulation of sub-surface oxygen in two-dimensional islands between the first and second substrate layer. This leads locally to a decoupling of an O-Ru-O trilayer from the underlying metal. Continued oxidation results in the formation and stacking of more of these trilayers, which unfold into the RuO_2(110) rutile structure once a critical film thickness is exceeded. Along this oxidation pathway, we identify various metastable configurations. These are found to be rather close in energy, indicating a likely lively dynamics between them at elevated temperatures, which will affect the surface chemical and mechanical properties of the material.
description: 11 pages including 9 figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev. B. Related publications can be found at http://www.fhi-berlin.mpg.de/th/paper.html
Frontal and subcortical contribution to visual hallucinations in dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson’s disease
Creators: name: Pezzoli, Stefania
name: Cagnin, Annachiara
name: Antonini, Angelo
name: Venneri, Annalena
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Objectives: Visual hallucinations (VH) are common in Lewy body disease (LBD), and have been associated with cognitive and structural brain alterations. Evidence so far concerns mainly Parkinson’s disease (PD), but little is known about symptom-specific pathophysiological mechanisms across the LBD spectrum, especially related to the presence of dementia. The aim of the present pilot study was to investigate the neuroanatomical, and neuropsychological characteristics related to VH in two forms of LBD, namely dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and PD without dementia. Methods: Whole brain voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analyses on 3D MRI acquired structural brain scans, and neuropsychological testing were performed on 28 clinically diagnosed DLB (11 with VH, 17 NVH), and 24 PD (9 with VH, and 15 NVH) patients. In order to assess differences in gray matter (GM) regional volumes, and cognitive performance, hallucinating patients for each group were compared with corresponding non-hallucinating ones. Results: DLB patients with VH presented significantly worse visual attention deficits compared to those without, which persisted even when controlling for visual perception. Whole brain VBM analysis revealed decreased GM volume in DLB with VH in the right superior and medial frontal gyri, putamen, caudate nucleus and insula. Subcortical regional volumes were also significantly associated with visual attention performance. Hallucinating PD patients, instead, presented more severe executive dysfunction, but VBM showed no volumetric differences between the two PD subgroups. Post hoc region of interest analyses revealed striatal GM loss in PD with VH. Conclusion: Frontal and striatal GM atrophy may contribute to the emergence of VH in DLB, which may be fostered by the more severe attention deficits. Striatal GM loss and executive dysfunction, instead, appeared to underlie VH in PD without dementia.
Anomalous dimension of non-singlet quark currents at O(1/Nf^2) in QCD
Creators: name: Ali, D. B.
name: Gracey, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the O(1/Nf^2) corrections to the flavour non-singlet quark bilinear currents in QCD in arbitrary spacetime dimensions. Hence, the anomalous dimension of the QED current $\barψ σ^{μν} ψ$ is deduced at four loops in the MSbar scheme up to one unknown parameter.
description: 8 latex pages
Classical Nucleation Theory for the Crystallization Kinetics in Sheared Liquids
Creators: name: Richard, David
name: Speck, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While statistical mechanics provides a comprehensive framework for the understanding of equilibrium phase behavior, predicting the kinetics of phase transformations remains a challenge. Classical nucleation theory (CNT) provides a thermodynamic framework to relate the nucleation rate to thermodynamic quantities such as pressure difference and interfacial tension through the nucleation work necessary to spawn critical nuclei. However, it remains unclear whether such an approach can be extended to the crystallization of driven melts that are subjected to mechanical stresses and flows. Here, we demonstrate numerically for hard spheres that the impact of simple shear on the crystallization rate can be rationalized within the CNT framework by an additional elastic work proportional to the droplet volume. We extract the local stress and strain inside solid droplets, which yield size-dependent values for the shear modulus that are about half of the bulk value. Finally, we show that for a complete description one also has to take into account the change of interfacial work between the strained droplet and the sheared liquid. From scaling reasons, we expect this extra contribution to dominate the work formation of small nuclei but become negligible compared to the elastic work for droplets composed of a few hundreds particles.
The impact of farm input subsidies on household welfare in Malawi
Creators: name: Sibande, Lonester
name: Bailey, Alastair
name: Davidova, Sophia
name: Sibande, Lonester
name: Bailey, Alastair
name: Davidova, Sophia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Farm Input Subsidies
subject: Food Security
subject: Quantile Regression
subject: Malawi

description: This paper analyzes the impact of a fertilizer subsidy program in Malawi on household food security and the total annual per capita consumption expenditure. The study uses the nationally representative two-wave Integrated Household Panel Survey (IHPS) data of 2010 and 2013. Fixed effect and correlated random effect quantile regression models are employed to estimate the conditional mean and heterogeneous effects of subsidized fertilizer. The study finds a positive effect of subsidized fertilizer on the availability of kilocalories per capita per day, the number of months of household food security, and the probability of a household being food secure over the whole year. The study also finds heterogeneous effects of the program with relatively higher impact on food secure households. However, the study finds no evidence of effects on annual per capita consumption expenditure. These results suggests that farm input subsidy programs could be beneficial for the improvement of food security, particularly of larger food crop producers, but such programs are less useful when the main policy objective is to decrease poverty.
Rhotana Walker. A 1857
Creators: name: Zelazny, B.
name: Webb, M. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Derbidae
Rhotana

description: Key to the species of Rhotana from Vietnam and Laos
 1. Hindwings with a black mark around Ms2 fork; anterior apical crossvein of forewings lined with two distinct stripes of infuscation (Fig. 196)............................................ R. formosana Matsumura (R. formosana group), p. 68
- Hindwings without black mark; if infuscation along anterior apical cross-veins of forewings then not as distinct stripes..... 2
 2. Forewings with two dark marks distad of clavus (Fig. 250f)..................... R. spenceri sp. nov. (ungrouped), p. 103
 - Forewings without dark marks distad of clavus (Fig. 253f)....................... R. venosa Distant (ungrouped), p. 105
description: Published as part of Zelazny, B. & Webb, M. D., 2011, 3071, pp. 1-307 in Zootaxa 3071 on page 107
Entretien de Wafa al-Shalabi auprès de Mazin al-Shurbaji à propos du diwan du Duc à Amman
Creators: name: al-Shurbaji, Mazin
name: Wafa Al-Shalabi (Enquêtrice)
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Source: http://www.calames.abes.fr/pub/ms/FileId-3139
description: Coverage: Amman, Jordanie
Deep 3D Convolutional Neural Network for Automated Lung Cancer Diagnosis
Creators: name: Mishra, Sumita
name: Chaudhary, Naresh Kumar
name: Asthana, Pallavi
name: Kumar, Anil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Computer Aided Diagnosis has emerged as an indispensible technique for validating the opinion of radiologists in CT interpretation. This paper presents a deep 3D Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture for automated CT scan-based lung cancer detection system. It utilizes three dimensional spatial information to learn highly discriminative 3 dimensional features instead of 2D features like texture or geometric shape whick need to be generated manually. The proposed deep learning method automatically extracts the 3D features on the basis of spatio-temporal statistics.The developed model is end-to-end and is able to predict malignancy of each voxel for given input scan. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed 3D CNN network for classification of lung nodule in-spite of limited computational capabilities.
description: Initial draft of PAPER Presented at IRSCNS 2018 , Goa , India final version available at Mishra S., Chaudhary N.K., Asthana P., Kumar A. (2019) Deep 3D Convolutional Neural Network for Automated Lung Cancer Diagnosis. In: Peng SL., Dey N., Bundele M. (eds) Computing and Network Sustainability. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 75. Springer, Singapore
The evolution of galaxy intrinsic alignments in the MassiveBlack II universe
Creators: name: Bhowmick, Aklant K
name: Chen, Yingzhang
name: Tenneti, Ananth
name: Di Matteo, Tiziana
name: Mandelbaum, Rachel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the redshift evolution of the intrinsic alignments (IA) of galaxies in the \texttt{MassiveBlackII} (MBII) simulation. We select galaxy samples above fixed subhalo mass cuts ($M_h>10^{11,12,13}~M_{\odot}/h$) at $z=0.6$ and trace their progenitors to $z=3$ along their merger trees. Dark matter components of $z=0.6$ galaxies are more spherical than their progenitors while stellar matter components tend to be less spherical than their progenitors. The distribution of the galaxy-subhalo misalignment angle peaks at $\sim10~\mathrm{deg}$ with a mild increase with time. The evolution of the ellipticity-direction~(ED) correlation amplitude $ω(r)$ of galaxies (which quantifies the tendency of galaxies to preferentially point towards surrounding matter overdensities) is governed by the evolution in the alignment of underlying dark matter~(DM) subhaloes to the matter density of field, as well as the alignment between galaxies and their DM subhaloes. At scales $\sim1~\mathrm{cMpc}/h$, the alignment between DM subhaloes and matter overdensity gets suppressed with time, whereas the alignment between galaxies and DM subhaloes is enhanced. These competing tendencies lead to a complex redshift evolution of $ω(r)$ for galaxies at $\sim1~\mathrm{cMpc}/h$. At scales $>1~\mathrm{cMpc}/h$, alignment between DM subhaloes and matter overdensity does not evolve significantly; the evolution of the galaxy-subhalo misalignment therefore leads to an increase in $ω(r)$ for galaxies by a factor of $\sim4$ from $z=3$ to $0.6$ at scales $>1~\mathrm{cMpc}/h$. The balance between competing physical effects is scale dependant, leading to different conclusions at much smaller scales($\sim0.1~\mathrm{Mpc}/h$).
description: 14 pages, 13 figures
Non-Commutative GUTs, Standard Model and C,P,T
Creators: name: Aschieri, Paolo
name: Jurco, Branislav
name: Schupp, Peter
name: Wess, Julius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Noncommutative Yang-Mills theories are sensitive to the choice of the representation that enters in the gauge kinetic term. We constrain this ambiguity by considering grand unified theories. We find that at first order in the noncommutativity parameter θ, SU(5) is not truly a unified theory, while SO(10) has a unique noncommutative generalization. In view of these results we discuss the noncommutative SM theory that is compatible with SO(10) GUT and find that there are no modifications to the SM gauge kinetic term at lowest order in θ. We study in detail the reality, hermiticity and C,P,T properties of the Seiberg-Witten map and of the resulting effective actions expanded in ordinary fields. We find that in models of GUTs (or compatible with GUTs) right-handed fermions and left-handed ones appear with opposite Seiberg-Witten map.
description: 28 pages. Added references and comments in the introduction
Хаос и космос: анализ панно из гробницы 100 в Иераконполе в контексте археологических и иконографических исследований
Creators: name: Т. А. Шеркова
Publisher: name: Египет и сопредельные страны
Year: 2019
Subjects: элитарный некрополь
святилище
центрическая структура
композиция
символические образы и мотивы
миф
ритуал

description: Знаменитая гробница 100 в Иераконполе являлась предметом изучения многих египтологов. В данной статье она анализируется в контексте организации пространства элитарных некрополей в Иераконполе эпохи Нагада, исследованных в последнее десятилетие. Иконографический анализ образов и мотивов, представленных на панно, позволил реконструировать погребальный обряд, совершавшийся после смерти вождя (царя) Иераконполя времени становления раннего государства (Нагада IIС). Базовая для мифологического сознания концепция борьбы и примирения противоположностей, таких как хаос и космос, нашла отражение в центрической структуре элитарных погребальных комплексов, где гробница вождя (царя) выступала центром организованного пространства, символизирующего мироздание, космос, противостоящий хаосу, который отодвигается всё дальше на периферию. Подобная структурированная система соотносилась с устройством иерархизированного общества, стоявшего на пороге создания раннего государства. В то же время эта структура воспроизводила древнейший миф о первозданном сияющем холме, поднявшемся из недр водного хаоса.
Value Chains and Technology Transfer to Agriculture in Developing and Emerging Economies
Creators: name: Kuijpers, Rob
name: Swinnen, Johan
name: Kuijpers, Rob
name: Swinnen, Johan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Agribusiness
Agricultural and Food Policy
Agricultural Finance
International Development

description: Value chains in the agrifood sector are undergoing a rapid process of modernization, characterized by the emergence of private standards and different systems of vertical value chain governance. In this article we investigate the technological implications of these developments at the farm-level. We explicitly modelled the conditions under which technology transfer and adoption will occur in a value chain setting and reviewed the corresponding evidence on these issues. We find that technology transfer within a value chain can occur in an environment with imperfect credit and technology markets, but depends on the surplus generated by the technology, the holdup opportunities of the supplier and the type of technology. Finally, using these findings we discuss the implications of public investment and the role of private standards as a potential catalyst for technology adoption and transfer.
Concentration, Product Variety and Entry-for-Merger: Evidence from New Product Introductions in the U.S. Food Industry
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Haumanti
name: Innes, Robert
name: Bhattacharya, Haumanti
name: Innes, Robert
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: New Product Introductions
subject: Market Concentration
subject: Mergers

description: Competing theories in industrial organization predict that more concentrated industries will lead to a smaller and more efficient variety of products, or alternately, a larger and less efficient array of products. This paper presents an empirical study of these competing implications that estimates the impact of market concentration on new product introductions in a panel of nine food processing industries over 1983 to 2004. Controlling for industry-level unobservables (using fixed effects) and endogeneity of industry market structure, we find that industry concentration promotes the introduction of new products. Preliminary evidence also suggests that new product introductions spur subsequent food industry mergers. Both conclusions are consistent with the “entry for merger” theory of product variety wherein small firms introduce new products in anticipation of profitable future mergers with concentrated firms.
A Pedestrian Introduction to Gamow Vectors
Creators: name: de la Madrid, R.
name: Gadella, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Gamow vector description of resonances is compared with the S-matrix and the Green function descriptions using the example of the square barrier potential. By imposing different boundary conditions on the time independent Schrodinger equation, we obtain either eigenvectors corresponding to real eigenvalues and the physical spectrum or eigenvectors corresponding to complex eigenvalues (Gamow vectors) and the resonance spectrum. We show that the poles of the S matrix are the same as the poles of the Green function and are the complex eigenvalues of the Schrodinger equation subject to a purely outgoing boundary condition. The intrinsic time asymmetry of the purely outgoing boundary condition is discussed. Finally, we show that the probability of detecting the decay within a shell around the origin of the decaying state follows an exponential law if the Gamow vector (resonance) contribution to this probability is the only contribution that is taken into account.
description: 25 RevTex pages, 3 figures
A multipartite generalization of quantum discord
Creators: name: Radhakrishnan, Chandrashekar
name: Lauriere, Mathieu
name: Byrnes, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A generalization of quantum discord to multipartite systems is proposed. A key feature of our formulation is its consistency with the conventional definition of discord in bipartite systems. It is by construction zero only for systems with classically correlated subsystems and is a non-negative quantity, giving a measure of the total non-classical correlations in the multipartite system with respect to a fixed measurement ordering. For the tripartite case, we show that the discord can be decomposed into contributions resulting from changes induced by non-classical correlation breaking measurements in the conditional mutual information and tripartite mutual information. The former gives a measure of the bipartite non-classical correlations and is a non-negative quantity, while the latter is related to the monogamy of the non-classical correlations.
description: Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures in Chinese Agricultural Exports: The Roe of Trade Intermediaries
Creators: name: Gibson, Mark J.
name: Wang, Qianqian
name: Gibson, Mark J.
name: Wang, Qianqian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Chinese agricultural exports
subject: trade intermediaries
subject: SPS measures

description: We study the e§ect of sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) measures on Chinese agricultural exports and the role of trade intermediaries in this process following Chinaís accession to the World Trade Organization. While agricultural exports and SPS regulations have both grown, the use of trade intermediaries has declined sharply. We develop a model of heterogeneous producer-level decisions about choice of export mode that is consistent with this trend. In our econometric analysis, we analyze the e§ects of SPS measures and trade intermediaries on Chinese fruit and vegetable exports using transaction-level customs data. In contrast to much of the literature, we Önd a positive relationship between SPS measures and exports. The interaction between SPS measures and the use of trade intermediaries is, however, negative, which is also consistent with our model of producersíexport mode decisions.
National Opinion Polls National Political Surveys; December 1969
December 1969
Creators: name: NOP Market Research Limited
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 1981

description: The NOP National Political Surveys were designed principally to ascertain public opinion on political parties, leaders and government, and to record voting intention. In addition, the majority of the surveys included data of topical interest and of social importance.
The Scattering Map on Oppenheimer–Snyder Space-Time
Creators: name: Alford, Fred
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Original Paper

description: Funder: Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000266
description: Abstract: In this paper, we analyse the boundedness of solutions ϕ of the wave equation in the Oppenheimer–Snyder model of gravitational collapse in both the case of a reflective dust cloud and a permeating dust cloud. We then proceed to define the scattering map on this space-time and look at the implications of our boundedness results on this scattering map. Specifically, it is shown that the energy of ϕ remains uniformly bounded going forwards in time and going backwards in time for both the reflective and the permeating cases. It is then shown that the scattering map is bounded going forwards, but not backwards. Therefore, the scattering map is not surjective onto the space of finite energy on I+∪H+. Thus, there does not exist a backwards scattering map from finite energy radiation fields on I+∪H+ to finite energy radiation fields on I-. We will then contrast this with the situation for scattering in pure Schwarzschild.
SupplementalDataAhrendtEtAl.docx
Creators: name: Schipke, Julia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Medicine

description: Supplemental Data of the manuscript "Spermidine supplementation and voluntary activity differentially alleviate obesity-related structural changes in the mouse lung" by Nancy Ahrendt et al.
Ondas do feminismo
Creators: name: Zirbel, Ilze
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Feminismos
História dos movimentos feministas
História das Mulheres
Movimentos Sociais

description: The text offers an alternative version for the waves of feminism, questioning its most common narratives, from the point of view of its protagonists, the places where they emerged, the demands identified as central, the duration of each wave and even its historical indications. O texto oferece uma versão alternativa para as ondas do feminismo, questionando suas narrativas mais comuns, tanto do ponto de vista de suas protagonistas, dos locais em que despontaram, das demandas apontadas como centrais, da duração de cada onda e mesmo suas indicações históricas.
Structural phase diagram and magnetic properties of Sc-substituted rare earth ferrites R1-xScxFeO3 (R=Lu, Yb, Er, and Ho)
Creators: name: White, Jason
name: Sinha, Kishan
name: Xu, Xiaoshan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the structural stability of Sc-substituted rare earth (R) ferrites R1-xScxFeO3, and constructed a structural phase diagram for different R and x. While RFeO3 and ScFeO3 adopt the orthorhombic and the bixbyite structure respectively, the substituted compound R1-xScxFeO3 may be stable in a different structure. Specifically, for R0.5Sc0.5FeO3, the hexagonal structure can be stable for small R, such as Lu and Yb, while the garnet structure is stable for larger R, such as Er and Ho. The formation of garnet structure of the R0.5Sc0.5FeO3 compounds which requires that Sc occupies both the rare earth and the Fe sites, is corroborated by their magnetic properties.
Refining the transcriptome of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum using amplification-free RNA-seq
Creators: name: Chappell, Lia
name: Ross, Philipp
name: Orchard, Lindsey
name: Russell, Timothy J.
name: Otto, Thomas D.
name: Berriman, Matthew
name: Rayner, Julian C.
name: Llinás, Manuel
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Research Article
Eukaryote microbial genomics

description: Abstract: Background: Plasmodium parasites undergo several major developmental transitions during their complex lifecycle, which are enabled by precisely ordered gene expression programs. Transcriptomes from the 48-h blood stages of the major human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum have been described using cDNA microarrays and RNA-seq, but these assays have not always performed well within non-coding regions, where the AT-content is often 90–95%. Results: We developed a directional, amplification-free RNA-seq protocol (DAFT-seq) to reduce bias against AT-rich cDNA, which we have applied to three strains of P. falciparum (3D7, HB3 and IT). While strain-specific differences were detected, overall there is strong conservation between the transcriptional profiles. For the 3D7 reference strain, transcription was detected from 89% of the genome, with over 78% of the genome transcribed into mRNAs. We also find that transcription from bidirectional promoters frequently results in non-coding, antisense transcripts. These datasets allowed us to refine the 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions (UTRs), which can be variable, long (> 1000 nt), and often overlap those of adjacent transcripts. Conclusions: The approaches applied in this study allow a refined description of the transcriptional landscape of P. falciparum and demonstrate that very little of the densely packed P. falciparum genome is inactive or redundant. By capturing the 5′ and 3′ ends of mRNAs, we reveal both constant and dynamic use of transcriptional start sites across the intraerythrocytic developmental cycle that will be useful in guiding the definition of regulatory regions for use in future experimental gene expression studies.
Correlation energy and spin polarization in the 2D electron gas
Creators: name: Attaccalite, Claudio
name: Moroni, Saverio
name: Gori-Giorgi, Paola
name: Bachelet, Giovanni B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ground state energy of the two--dimensional uniform electron gas has been calculated with fixed--node diffusion Monte Carlo, including backflow correlations, for a wide range of electron densities as a function of spin polarization. We give a simple analytic representation of the correlation energy which fits the density and polarization dependence of the simulation data and includes several known high- and low-density limits. This parametrization provides a reliable local spin density energy functional for two-dimensional systems and an estimate for the spin susceptibility. Within the proposed model for the correlation energy, a weakly first--order polarization transition occurs shortly before Wigner crystallization as the density is lowered.
description: Minor typos corrected, see erratum: Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 109902(E) (2003)
Solving the Phosphorus Pollution Puzzle: Synthesis and Directions for Future Research
Creators: name: Garnache, Cloe
name: Swinton, Scott M.
name: Herriges, Joseph A.
name: Lupi, Frank
name: Stevenson, R. Jan
name: Garnache, Cloe
name: Swinton, Scott M.
name: Herriges, Joseph A.
name: Lupi, Frank
name: Stevenson, R. Jan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Agriculture
subject: Ecosystem services
subject: Nonpoint source pollution control
subject: Phosphorus pollution
subject: Valuation
subject: Water quality

description: Despite the success of efforts to reduce phosphorus (P) pollution from point sources, P from non-point agricultural sources remains a vexing problem with many U.S. water bodies having impairments. Key to solving the P pollution puzzle is to take stock of progress to date, the puzzle pieces available, and the gaps to be filled. In this paper, we synthesize the state of knowledge on P pollution, discuss the state of existing public programs, and review economists’ contributions to informing P pollution policies. We review the water quality valuation literature, identifying limitations in the linkages to policy-relevant environmental quality metrics. We examine how and why P is used agriculturally, along with recent advances in market-based policy design and field testing. We survey new knowledge in biology and engineering, including improved understanding of the fate and transport of P. In light of recent learning and persistent knowledge gaps, we recommend directions for economic research to add needed pieces to the puzzle of how to protect our water bodies. Puzzle gaps meriting attention include mechanisms to target public funds more effectively in voluntary abatement programs, policy design for emerging mitigation technologies, new ways to implement performance-based policies, means to leverage social norms and behavioral cues, changes in the “pay-the-polluter” paradigm, and application of state-of-the-art evaluation methods to conservation programs. Beyond the realm of public policy lies that of private supply chains, where establishment of environmental standards holds additional promise. Rich research opportunities exist for economists in tandem with biologists, engineers, and others
Rhotana Walker. A 1857
Creators: name: Zelazny, B.
name: Webb, M. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Derbidae
Rhotana

description: Key to the species of Rhotana from West Malaysia
1. Anterior apical cross-veins of forewings lined with stripes of dark infuscation (Fig. 199f)............................ 2
- Anterior apical cross-veins of forewings not lined with stripes of dark infuscation................................... 3
 2. Hindwings with a round mark around base of Ms2 and several dark stripes across apical third of wing (Fig. 197g)....................................................................... R. jacobsoni sp. nov. (R. formosana group), p. 69
 - Hindwings with 2 dark spots around base of Ms2, but without dark stripes (Fig. 199g)........................................................................................ R. transversolinea Melichar (R. formosana group), p. 70
 3. Forewings colourless with some dark spots in basal quarter, at apex of Cu, and around last subcostal sector; apical part of male aedeagus with two processes, each bearing 3 small teeth at the end (Figs. 218m, p).................................................................................................... R. tridentata sp. nov. (R. ornata group), p. 84
 - Forewings lightly infuscated along most veins, without dark spots (Fig. 253f)........ R. venosa Distant (ungrouped), p. 105
description: Published as part of Zelazny, B. & Webb, M. D., 2011, 3071, pp. 1-307 in Zootaxa 3071 on page 107
История развития парусной оснастки древнеегипетских кораблей с начала додинастического периода (ок. 5300 г. до н. э.) до начала эпохи Древнего царства (2686 г. до н. э.)
Creators: name: А. А. Белов
Publisher: name: Египет и сопредельные страны
Year: 2020
Subjects: древнее кораблестроение
мореплавание в Древнем Египте
древняя парусная оснастка
додинастический период
раннединастический период.

description: Данная статья открывает серию работ, посвященных основным этапам развития парусной оснастки древнеегипетских кораблей. Отмечаются особенности парусного вооружения, появившегося в долине Нила с начала додинастического периода (ок. 5300 г. до н. э.) до начала эпохи Древнего царства (2686 г. до н. э.). Вопрос о технической эволюции оснастки рассматривается на археологическом, иконографическом, письменном и этнографическом материалах. Автор привлекает ключевые работы о древнеегипетской речной навигации и мореплавании, дополняя или пересматривая многие из содержащихся в них выводов. Статья снабжена словарем морских терминов.
Azimuthal decorrelation of forward and backward jets at the Tevatron
Creators: name: Kwiecinski, J.
name: Martin, A. D.
name: Motyka, L.
name: Outhwaite, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the azimuthal decorrelation of Mueller-Navelet dijets produced in the collisions at Tevatron energies using a BFKL framework which incorporates dominant subleading effects. We show that these effects significantly reduce the decorrelation yet they are still insufficient to give satisfactory description of experimental data. However a good description of the data is obtained after incorporating within formalism the effective rapidity defined by Del Duca and Schmidt.
description: 1+9 pages, 6 eps figures; the final version to appear in Phys. Lett. B; one reference added, the use of effective rapidity and the need for BFKL resummmation for small azimuthal angles better motivated
Careers Development at Three Stages, 1967-1969 : Stage 1, Sixth Form Study
Careers Development at Three Stages, 1967-1969
Creators: name: University Of Oxford, Department Of Education
name: Tavistock Institute Of Human Relations
name: Political And Economic Planning
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 1972

description: The main object of this three part study was to identify social and psychological factors relating to the careers of highly qualified young men and women in Britain. It aimed to contribute to an understanding of the development process of occupational career aspirations in the two sexes. Designed as a simulated longitudinal study, the research was concerned with 3 important stages in the lives of these young people: at about the age of 18, when they are on the point of leaving the sixth form; on graduation from university; and at eight years after graduation, when most are about thirty.
Book Review of Michael Heumann, Contemporary Criticism of Growth from a Philosophy of Economics Perspective.
Creators: name: Wagner, Dietrich
Publisher: name: Globethics
Year: 2024
Subjects: Philosophie
Ethik
Wachstum

description: This is a book review of Dr. Michael Heumann, Contemporary Criticism of Growth from a Philosophy of Economics Perspective: Reconstructing economic growth dynamics as the self-perpetuation of decoupled Cartesian thought (German title: Zeitgenössische Wachstumskritik aus wirtschaftsphilosophischer Perspektive: Zur Rekonstruktion der Wachstumsdynamik als Verselbständigung cartesischen Denkens), Gloethics Theses Series No. 42, Geneva: Globethics Publications. https://doi.org/10.58863/20.500.12424/4296664
Many-body fermionic excitations in Weyl semimetals due to elastic gauge fields
Creators: name: van der Wurff, E. C. I.
name: Cortijo, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the single-particle spectrum of three-dimensional Weyl semimetals taking into account electron-phonon interactions that are the result of straining the material. We find that a well-defined fermionic excitation appears in addition to the standard peak corresponding to quasiparticle states as suggested by Landau-Fermi liquid theory. Contrary to the case of Dirac systems interacting via the Coulomb interaction, these satellite peaks appear even at lowest order in perturbation theory. The new excitations are anisotropic, as opposed to the single-particle spectrum, and their behavior is dictated by the Debye frequency, which naturally regulates the electron-phonon coupling.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, 5 pages supplemental material