cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Complete determination of the reflection coefficient in neutron specular reflection by absorptive non-magnetic media
Creators: name: Leeb, H.
name: Groetz, H.
name: Kasper, J.
name: Lipperheide, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An experimental method is proposed which allows the complete determination of the complex reflection coefficient for absorptive media for positive and negative values of the momenta. It makes use of magnetic reference layers and is a modification of a recently proposed technique for phase determination based on polarization measurements. The complex reflection coefficient resulting from a simulated application of the method is used for a reconstruction of the scattering density profiles of absorptive non-magnetic media by inversion.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, reformulation of abstract, ref.12 added, typographical corrections
Globular cluster systems II: On the formation of old globular clusters and their sites of formation
Creators: name: Burgarella, Denis
name: Kissler-Patig, Markus
name: Buat, Veronique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the metal-poor globular cluster (GC) populations of a large variety of galaxies (47 galaxies spanning about 10mag in absolute brightness) and compared their mean [Fe/H] with the properties of the host galaxies. The mean [Fe/H] of the systems lie in the -1.65
description: accepted for publication in AJ, scheduled for the May 2001 issue
Adherence to Intravitreal Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (Anti-VEGF) Drugs in Diabetic Macular Edema in an Egyptian Population: A Health Belief Model
Creators: name: Habib, Ahmed E.
name: Abdel-Kader, Ahmed A.
name: Eissa, Iman M.
name: Awadein, Ahmed
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Purpose: To determine the factors that influence the adherence to follow-up and injections in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) utilizing a health belief model (HBM) as a theoretical framework, and using demographic variables and knowledge about DME as factors that influence individual perceptions. Material and Methods: A structured questionnaire was developed utilizing the six domains of HBM and using knowledge and other demographics as modifying variables. The questionnaire was checked for validity and reliability, and then used to collect data from patients with DME who were candidates for intravitreal injections according to pro-re-nata regimen, and completed one year after the first injection. Univariate and multivariable analysis was performed to identify factors associated with poor adherence. Results: Of all 343 included patients (168 women and 175 men; mean [SD] age, 58[10] years, 71 (20.7 %) patients dropped visits and/or injections during the first year of treatment. Mean number of dropped injections was 1.32 ± 0.65 (range 1–5 injections). Factors associated with non-adherence were unilaterality of the injection (p p = 0.002), higher perceived barriers (p = 0.011), lower perceived benefits (p = 0.015), lower self-efficacy (p = 0.023), and lower perceived susceptibility (p = 0.029). In multivariable logistic regression model, the final goodness of fit with the data of the model was high (χ2/df = 1.81, p Conclusions: Funding and psychological burden are the main controllable factors for compliance to anti-VEGF therapy in DME. Identifying reasons for non-adherence could contribute to a better outcome.
Resonant transport through midgap states in voltage-biased Josephson junctions of d-wave superconductors
Creators: name: Lofwander, T.
name: Johansson, G.
name: Shumeiko, V. S.
name: Wendin, G.
name: Hurd, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically the ac Josephson effect in voltage biased planar junctions of d-wave superconductors. For some orientations of the superconductors a current peak is found at finite voltage in the current-voltage characteristics. We pick out the relevant physical processes and write down an analytical formula for the current which clearly shows how the midgap state acts as a resonance and produces the peak. We present a possible explanation for the zero-bias conductance peak, recently found in experiments on grain boundary junctions of high-temperature superconductors, in terms of resonant transmission through midgap state of quasiparticles undergoing multiple Andreev reflections. We note that within our framework the zero-bias conductance peak appears in rather transparent Josephson junctions of d-wave superconductors.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, Submitted to a special volume of "Superlattices and Microstructures"
Phenomenology of axion-like particles with universal fermion couplings -- revisited
Creators: name: Garcia, Giovani Dalla Valle
name: Kahlhoefer, Felix
name: Ovchynnikov, Maksym
name: Zaporozhchenko, Andrii
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Axion-like particles (ALPs) emerge in many extensions of the Standard Model as pseudo-Goldstone bosons of a spontaneously broken global symmetry. Understanding their phenomenology in high-energy collisions is crucial for optimizing experimental searches and understanding the exploration potential of future experiments. In this paper, we revise the phenomenology of ALPs with universal couplings to fermions. In particular, we analyze the hierarchy and uncertainty of the various ALP production channels depending on the proton collision energy and the placement of the experiment, and provide improved calculations of the hadronic decay modes.
description: v3: journal version
Female Stars in Classical Hollywood: Negotiation, Agency and Practices of Stardom
Creators: name: GLYNN, BELINDA MURIEL
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021
Subjects: History
Gender studies

description: Female stars were crucial to classical era Hollywood. In a period when women had limited options, female stars showed that it was possible to achieve success beyond the domestic sphere. This thesis examines the female star as a historical subject with agency who employed practices of negotiation to succeed within a particular time period, offering case studies of three stars: Olivia de Havilland, Joan Fontaine and Ava Gardner. Each star provides different insights into the way subjectivity and agency functioned at a particular moment in history, while also broadening our understanding of female stardom in classical Hollywood more generally.
Masses and radii for the three super-Earths orbiting GJ 9827, and implications for the composition of small exoplanets
Creators: name: Rice, K.
name: Malavolta, L.
name: Mayo, A.
name: Mortier, A.
name: Buchhave, L. A.
name: Affer, L.
name: Vanderburg, A.
name: Lopez-Morales, M.
name: Poretti, E.
name: Zeng, L.
name: Cameron, A. C.
name: Damasso, M.
name: Coffinet, A.
name: Latham, D. W.
name: Bonomo, A. S.
name: Bouchy, F.
name: Charbonneau, D.
name: Dumusque, X.
name: Figueira, P.
name: Fiorenzano, A. F. Martinez
name: Haywood, R. D.
name: Johnson, J. Asher
name: Lopez, E.
name: Lovis, C.
name: Mayor, M.
name: Micela, G.
name: Molinari, E.
name: Nascimbeni, V.
name: Nava, C.
name: Pepe, F.
name: Phillips, D. F.
name: Piotto, G.
name: Sasselov, D.
name: Ségransan, D.
name: Sozzetti, A.
name: Udry, S.
name: Watson, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Super-Earths belong to a class of planet not found in the Solar System, but which appear common in the Galaxy. Given that some super-Earths are rocky, while others retain substantial atmospheres, their study can provide clues as to the formation of both rocky planets and gaseous planets, and - in particular - they can help to constrain the role of photo-evaporation in sculpting the exoplanet population. GJ 9827 is a system already known to host 3 super-Earths with orbital periods of 1.2, 3.6 and 6.2 days. Here we use new HARPS-N radial velocity measurements, together with previously published radial velocities, to better constrain the properties of the GJ 9827 planets. Our analysis can't place a strong constraint on the mass of GJ 9827 c, but does indicate that GJ 9827 b is rocky with a composition that is probably similar to that of the Earth, while GJ 9827 d almost certainly retains a volatile envelope. Therefore, GJ 9827 hosts planets on either side of the radius gap that appears to divide super-Earths into pre-dominantly rocky ones that have radii below $\sim 1.5 R_\oplus$, and ones that still retain a substantial atmosphere and/or volatile components, and have radii above $\sim 2 R_\oplus$. That the less heavily irradiated of the 3 planets still retains an atmosphere, may indicate that photoevaporation has played a key role in the evolution of the planets in this system.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Health diagnosis and recuperation of aged Li-ion batteries with data analytics and equivalent circuit modeling
Creators: name: Made, Riko I
name: Lin, Jing
name: Zhang, Jintao
name: Zhang, Yu
name: Moh, Lionel C. H.
name: Liu, Zhaolin
name: Ding, Ning
name: Chiam, Sing Yang
name: Khoo, Edwin
name: Yin, Xuesong
name: Zheng, Guangyuan Wesley
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Battery health assessment and recuperation play a crucial role in the utilization of second-life Li-ion batteries. However, due to ambiguous aging mechanisms and lack of correlations between the recovery effects and operational states, it is challenging to accurately estimate battery health and devise a clear strategy for cell rejuvenation. This paper presents aging and reconditioning experiments of 62 commercial high-energy type lithium iron phosphate (LFP) cells, which supplement existing datasets of high-power LFP cells. The relatively large-scale data allow us to use machine learning models to predict cycle life and identify important indicators of recoverable capacity. Considering cell-to-cell inconsistencies, an average test error of $16.84\% \pm 1.87\%$ (mean absolute percentage error) for cycle life prediction is achieved by gradient boosting regressor given information from the first 80 cycles. In addition, it is found that some of the recoverable lost capacity is attributed to the lateral lithium non-uniformity within the electrodes. An equivalent circuit model is built and experimentally validated to demonstrate how such non-uniformity can be accumulated, and how it can give rise to recoverable capacity loss. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis also reveals that battery operation history significantly affects the capacity recovery.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
A discontinuous Galerkin method for wave propagation in orthotropic poroelastic media with memory terms
Creators: name: Xie, Jiangming
name: Ou, Miao-jung Yvonne
name: Xu, Liwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate wave propagation in orthotropic poroelastic media by studying the time-domain poroelastic equations. Both the low frequency Biot's (LF-Biot) equations and the Biot-Johnson-Koplik-Dashen (Biot-JKD) models are considered. In LF-Biot equations, the dissipation terms are proportional to the relative velocity between the fluid and the solid by a constant. Contrast to this, the dissipation terms in the Biot-JKD model are in the form of time convolution (memory) as a result of the frequency-dependence of fluid-solid interaction at the underlying microscopic scale in the frequency domain. The dynamic tortuosity and permeability described by Darcy's law are two crucial factors in this problem, and highly linked to the viscous force. In the Biot model, the key difficulty is to handle the viscous term when the pore fluid is viscous flow. In the Biot-JKD dynamic permeability model, the convolution operator involves order $1/2$ shifted fractional derivatives in the time domain, which is challenging to discretize. In this work, we utilize the multipoint Pad$\acute{e}$ (or Rational) approximation for Stieltjes function to approximate the dynamic tortuosity and then obtain an augmented system of equations which avoids storing the solutions of the past time. The Runge-Kutta discontinuous Galerkin (RKDG) method is used to compute the numerical solution, and numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the high order accuracy and stability of the method.
Synthesis and characterization of graphene oxide capped sulfur/polyacrylonitrile composite cathode by simple heat treatment
Creators: name: K. Krishnaveni
name: R. Subadevi
name: M. Sivakumar
name: M. Raja
name: T. Prem Kumar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: A Sulfur/Poly (acrylonitrile) (PAN)/Graphene oxide (GO) hybrid electrode with inter connected structure is prepared through a simple heat treatment. In this process, the formation of a unified poly acrylonitrile /graphene oxide conductive network is accompanied by the uniform loading of sulfur, with a fraction of 52%. The as-prepared S/PAN/GO hybrid delivers an initial capacity of 1424 mAhg−1 at 0.1C. The electrochemical performance of the composite is ascribed to the conductive network designed by interconnected GO and PAN, which supply an unimpeded and uninterrupted path for electron and Li-ion transfer and accommodate the volume variation of sulfur during charge/discharge cycling. Furthermore, the residual functional groups on S/PAN/GO composite can support close contact of the conducting matrix with sulfur and efficiently confine the diffusion of polysulfides. This study gives a green and highly active technique for carbon–sulfur electrode construction for lithium–sulfur batteries. The electrochemical execution improvement can be attributed to the multiple effects of the PAN and GO additive such as conductivity, sulfur distribution, and an active absorber for the reaction products.
Controlled Phase Separation in La_0.5 Ca_0.5 Mn O_3
Creators: name: Levy, P.
name: Parisi, F.
name: Polla, G.
name: Vega, D.
name: Leyva, G.
name: Lanza, H.
name: Freitas, R. S.
name: Ghivelder, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A systematic study of phase separation effects in polycrystalline La_0.5 Ca_0.5 Mn O_3 obtained under different thermal treatments is reported. Samples with average grain size ranging from 200 to 1300 nm were studied. Magnetic and electrical measurements show quantitative differences among samples in their low temperature behavior. indicating that the fraction of the ferromagnetic (FM) phase gradually decreases as the grain size increase. Percolation of the FM phase in samples with a small fraction of this phase suggests that grain boundaries play a distinctive role in the spatial distribution of coexisting phases. The defective structure at the grain surface could explain the local inhibition of the antiferromagnetic charge ordered phase, an effect that is gradually removed with increasing grain size. Qualitative agreement of the data with this description is found. This effect is also found to be highly dependent on the oxygen content of the samples and its spatial distribution.
description: To be published, Phys.Rev. B; 5 pages, 6 figures
Science café EJP-RD WP13 28.02.2019
Creators: name: Ehrhart, Friederike
name: Evelo, Chris T.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Diseases
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Computational Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60408 Genomics
subject: Medicine
subject: 60410 Neurogenetics
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 60412 Quantitative Genetics (incl. Disease and Trait Mapping Genetics)

description: Presentation about WP13 tasks and plans for EJP-RD.
Spectral evidence for a powerful compact jet from XTE J1118+480
Creators: name: Fender, R. P.
name: Hjellming, R. M.
name: Tilanus, R. P. J.
name: Pooley, G. G.
name: Deane, J. R.
name: Ogley, R. N.
name: Spencer, R. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observations of the X-ray transient XTE J1118+480 during its Low/Hard X-ray state outburst in 2000, at radio and sub-millimetre wavelengths with the VLA, Ryle Telescope, MERLIN and JCMT. The high-resolution MERLIN observations reveal all the radio emission (at 5 GHz) to come from a compact core with physical dimensions smaller than 65*d(kpc) AU. The combined radio data reveal a persistent and inverted radio spectrum, with spectral index \~+0.5. The source is also detected at 350 GHz, on an extrapolation of the radio spectrum. Flat or inverted radio spectra are now known to be typical of the Low/Hard X-ray state, and are believed to arise in synchrotron emission from a partially self-absorbed jet. Comparison of the radio and sub-millimetre data with reported near-infrared observations suggest that the synchrotron emission from the jet extends to the near-infrared, or possibly even optical regimes. In this case the ratio of jet power to total X-ray luminosity is likely to be P_J/L_X >> 0.01, depending on the radiative efficiency and relativistic Doppler factor of the jet. Based on these arguments we conclude that during the period of our observations XTE J1118+480 was producing a powerful outflow which extracted a large fraction of the total accretion power.
description: Accepted for publication as a Letter in MNRAS
Genome-based tools for onchocerciasis elimination: utility of the mitochondrial genome for delineating Onchocerca volvulus transmission zones
Creators: name: Crawford, Katie
name: Hedtke, Shannon
name: Doyle, Stephen R
name: Kuesel, Annette C
name: Armoo, Samuel
name: Osei-Atweneboana, Mike Y
name: Grant, Warwick
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 310704
subject: Microbial genetics
classificationCode: 3009
subject: Veterinary sciences
subject: FOS: Veterinary sciences
classificationCode: 3109
subject: Zoology
classificationCode: 3105
subject: Genetics
classificationCode: 3107
subject: Microbiology

description: National programs in Africa have expanded their objectives from control of onchocerciasis (river blindness) as a public health problem to elimination of parasite transmission, motivated by the reduction of Onchocerca volvulus infection prevalence in many African meso- and hyperendemic areas due to mass drug administration of ivermectin (MDAi). Given the large, contiguous hypo-, meso-, and hyperendemic areas, sustainable elimination of onchocerciasis in sub-Saharan Africa requires delineation of geographic boundaries for parasite transmission zones, so that programs can consider the risk of parasite re-introduction through vector or human migration from areas with ongoing transmission when making decisions to stop MDAi. We propose that transmission zone boundaries can be delineated by characterising the parasite genetic population structure within and between potential zones. We analysed whole mitochondrial genome sequences of 189 O. volvulus adults to determine the pattern of genetic similarity across three West African countries: Ghana, Mali, and Côte d'Ivoire. Population genetic structure indicates that parasites from villages near the Pru, Daka, and Black Volta rivers in central Ghana belong to one parasite population, indicating that the assumption that river basins constitute individual transmission zones is not supported by the data. Parasites from Mali and Côte d'Ivoire are genetically distinct from those from Ghana. This research provides the basis for developing tools for elimination programs to delineate transmission zones, to estimate the risk of parasite re-introduction via vector or human movement when intervention is stopped in one area while transmission is ongoing in others, to identify the origin of infections detected post-treatment cessation, and to investigate whether persisting prevalence despite ongoing interventions in one area is due to parasites imported from others.
Hemiscorpius enischnochela Monod et Lourenco 2005
Creators: name: Navidpour, Shahrokh
name: Soleglad, Michael E.
name: Fet, Victor
name: Kovařík, František
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Scorpiones
Hemiscorpiidae
Hemiscorpius
Hemiscorpius enischnochela

description: Hemiscorpius enischnochela Monod et Lourenco, 2005
(Fig. 12)
 Hemiscorpius enischnochela Monod & Lourenco, 2005: 886
TYPE LOCALITY AND TYPE REPOSITORY. Iran, Hormozgan Province, ca. 115 km E Bandar Abbas; NHMW.
 HORMOZGAN PROVINCE MATERIAL EXAMINED. Iran, Hormozgan Province, Deh Barez, 27°27'745"N 57°19' 197"E, 350 m a.s.l., 16.-17.IV.2000, 1juv. (FKCP), leg. J. Šobotník.
DISTRIBUTION: Iran, Hormozgan Province (Monod & Lourenco, 2005: 8).
description: Published as part of Navidpour, Shahrokh, Soleglad, Michael E., Fet, Victor & Kovařík, František, 2013, Scorpions of Iran (Arachnida, Scorpiones). Part IX. Hormozgan Province, with a description of Odontobuthus tavighiae sp. n. (Buthidae), pp. 1-29 in Euscorpius 170 on pages 17-18
Multi-plateau magnetization curves of one-dimensional Heisenberg ferrimagnets
Creators: name: Yamamoto, Shoji
name: Sakai, Toru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ground-state magnetization curves of ferrimagnetic Heisenberg chains of alternating spins $S$ and $s$ are numerically investigated. Calculating several cases of $(S,s)$, we conclude that the spin-$(S,s)$ chain generally exhibits $2s$ magnetization plateaux even at the most symmetric point. In the double- or more-plateau structure, the initial plateau is generated on a classical basis, whereas the higher ones are based on a quantum mechanism.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures embedded, to appear in Phys. Rev. B 01 August 2000
Nebo henjamicus Francke 1980
Creators: name: Navidpour, Shahrokh
name: Soleglad, Michael E.
name: Fet, Victor
name: Kovařík, František
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Scorpiones
Diplocentridae
Nebo
Nebo henjamicus

description: Nebo henjamicus Francke, 1980
 Nebo henjamicus Francke, 1980: 46; Vachon & Kinzelbach, 1987: 100; Kovařík, 1997: 50; Kovařík, 1998: 132; Sissom & Fet, 2000: 352.
TYPE LOCALITY AND TYPE REPOSITORY. Iran, Hormozgan Province, Persian Gulf, Henjam Island; BMNH.
 COMMENTS. N. henjamicus was based on a unique adult male holotype 122 mm long, collected by R. A. Stephens in 1931 at Henjam Island, which is one of the 14 islands in the Persian Gulf belonging to the Hormozgan Province. Unfortunately, these islands could not be included in the project, and we have not been able to examine the holotype or any other specimens.
description: Published as part of Navidpour, Shahrokh, Soleglad, Michael E., Fet, Victor & Kovařík, František, 2013, Scorpions of Iran (Arachnida, Scorpiones). Part IX. Hormozgan Province, with a description of Odontobuthus tavighiae sp. n. (Buthidae), pp. 1-29 in Euscorpius 170 on page 21
Slag–Copper Equilibria of Selected Trace Elements in Black Copper Smelting. Part I. Properties of the Slag and Chromium Solubility
Creators: name: Sukhomlinov, Dmitry
name: Avarmaa, Katri
name: Virtanen, Olli
name: Taskinen, Pekka
name: Jokilaakso, Ari
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: The solubility of chromium in alumina- and lime-containing (≈5 wt% Al2O3 and 0- ≈ 10 wt% CaO) iron silicate slags has been measured at 1,300°C. In order to avoid contamination and the effects of further elements in the slag, the measurements were carried out at silica saturation. The solubility of chromium was a function of oxygen partial pressure. At high oxygen partial pressures PO2 ≈ 10−5 atm, the solubility was about 0.15 wt% (Cr) and it increased to about 0.3 wt% (Cr) in reducing conditions of pO2 ≈ 10−10 atm. Alumina and lime seemed to increase the solubility slightly.
Joint Correction of Attenuation and Scatter Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNN) for Time-of-Flight PET
Creators: name: Yang, Jaewon
name: Park, Dookun
name: Sohn, Jae Ho
name: Wang, Zhen Jane
name: Gullberg, Grant T.
name: Seo, Youngho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep convolutional neural networks (DCNN) have demonstrated its capability to convert MR image to pseudo CT for PET attenuation correction in PET/MRI. Conventionally, attenuated events are corrected in sinogram space using attenuation maps derived from CT or MR-derived pseudo CT. Separately, scattered events are iteratively estimated by a 3D model-based simulation using down-sampled attenuation and emission sinograms. However, no studies have investigated joint correction of attenuation and scatter using DCNN in image space. Therefore, we aim to develop and optimize a DCNN model for attenuation and scatter correction (ASC) simultaneously in PET image space without additional anatomical imaging or time-consuming iterative scatter simulation. For the first time, we demonstrated the feasibility of directly producing PET images corrected for attenuation and scatter using DCNN (PET-DCNN) from noncorrected PET (PET-NC) images.
description: 4 pages, 7 figures, IEEE MIC 2018 conference
Rapid-Process Nucleosynthesis in Neutrino-Magneto-Centrifugally Driven Winds
Creators: name: Nagataki, S.
name: Kohri, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied whether the rotation and magnetic fields in neutrino-driven winds can be key processes for the rapid-process (r-process) nucleosynthesis. We have examined the features of a steady and subsonic wind solutions which extend the model of Weber and Davis (1967), which is a representative solar wind model. As a result, we found that the entropy per baryon becomes lower and the dynamical timescale becomes longer as the angular velocity becomes higher. These results are inappropriate for the production of the r-process nuclei. As for the effects of magnetic fields, we found that a solution as a steady wind from the surface of the proto-neutron star can not be obtained when the strength of the magnetic field becomes $\ge$ $10^{11}$ G. Since the magnetic field in normal pulsars is of order $10^{12}$ G, a steady wind solution might not be realized there, which means that the models in this study may not be adopted for normal proto-neutron stars. In this situation, we have little choice but to conclude that it is difficult to realize a successful r-process nucleosynthesis in the wind models in this framework.
description: 20 pages and 4 postscript figures. submitted to Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan
Dynamics of Br Electrosorption on Single-Crystal Ag(100): A Computational Study
Creators: name: Mitchell, S. J.
name: Brown, G.
name: Rikvold, P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present dynamic Monte Carlo simulations of a lattice-gas model for bromine electrodeposition on single-crystal silver (100). This system undergoes a continuous phase transition between a disordered phase at low electrode potentials and a commensurate c(2X2) phase at high potentials. The lattice-gas parameters are determined by fitting simulated equilibrium adsorption isotherms to chronocoulometric data, and free-energy barriers for adsorption/desorption and lateral diffusion are estimated from ab initio data in the literature. Cyclic voltammograms in the quasi-static limit are obtained by equilibrium Monte Carlo simulations, while for nonzero potential scan rates we use dynamic Monte Carlo simulation. The butterfly shapes of the simulated voltammograms are in good agreement with experiments. Simulated potential-step experiments give results for the time evolution of the Br coverage, as well as the c(2X2) order parameter and its correlation length. During phase ordering following a positive potential step, the system obeys dynamic scaling. The disordering following a negative potential step is well described by random desorption with diffusion. Both ordering and disordering processes are strongly influenced by the ratio of the time scales for desorption and diffusion. Our results should be testable by experiments, in particular cyclic voltammetry and surface X-ray scattering.
description: 10 pages LaTex with embedded eps figures
Reply to "Comment on `General Method to Determine Replica Symmetry Breaking Transitions'"
Creators: name: Marinari, E.
name: Naitza, C.
name: Parisi, G.
name: Picco, M.
name: Ritort, F.
name: Zuliani, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a comment cond-mat/9811080 to our paper (PRL, vol 81, 1698 (1998)) H. Bokil, A. Bray, B. Drossel and M. Moore claimed that we have reached wrong conclusions. We show here why their claims are not correct, especially when compared to the analysis of reference cond-mat/9808140.
description: 2 pages, 1 postscript figure, revtex, 2 References updated
Selection of Loss Function in Covariance Structure Analysis: Case of the Spherical Model
Creators: name: Hayakawa, Kazuhiko
name: Sun, Qi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: In this paper, we derive the asymptotic properties of estimators obtained from various kinds of loss functions in covariance structure analysis. We first show that the estimators except for OLS-based loss functions have the same asymptotic distribution when the dimension of the covariance matrix, p, is fixed and the sample size n tends to infinity. Then, focusing on the spherical model, we show that this equivalence does not hold when both n and p become larger. Specifically, we show that some estimators lose consistency, and even consistent estimators have different asymptotic variances. Among the estimators considered, the maximum likelihood estimator shows the best performance, while the less famous invGLS(ub) estimator performs better than the commonly used GLS estimator. We also demonstrate the validity of the likelihood ratio test for the spherical and diagonal models in a high-dimensional framework.
Can we predict the impact conditions of metre-sized meteoroids?
Creators: name: Zuluaga, Jorge I.
name: Cuartas-Restrepo, Pablo A.
name: Ospina, Jhonatan
name: Sucerquia, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Every year, a few metre-sized meteoroids impact the atmosphere of the Earth. Most (if not all) of them are undetectable before the impact. Therefore, predicting where and how they will fall seems to be an impossible task. In this letter we show compelling evidence that we can constrain in advance, the dynamical and geometrical conditions of an impact. For this purpose, we analyse the well-documented case of the Chelyabinsk (Russia) impact and the more recent and smaller Viñales (Cuba) event, whose conditions we estimate and provide here. After using the {\em Gravitational Ray Tracing} algorithm (GRT) to "predict" the impact conditions of the aforementioned events, we find that the speed, incoming direction and (marginally) the orbital elements of the corresponding meteoroids could be constrained in advance, starting only on one hand, with the geographical location and time of the impact, and on the other hand, with the distribution in configuration space of Near Earth Objects (NEOs). Any improvement in our capability to predict or at least to constrain impact properties of medium-sized and large meteoroids, will help us to be better prepared for its potentially damaging effects.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures (5 pages and 4 figures of supplementary material). All data and software available in https://github.com/seap-udea/MeteorTrajectories. Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters
Primary care clinician adherence with asthma guidelines: the National Asthma Survey of Physicians
Creators: name: Akinbami, Lara J.
name: Paivi M. Salo
name: Cloutier, Michelle M.
name: Wilkerson, Jesse C.
name: Elward, Kurtis S.
name: Mazurek, Jacek M.
name: Williams, Sonja
name: Zeldin, Darryl C.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background and objectives: Although primary care clinicians provide >60% of U.S. asthma care, no nationally representative study has examined variation in adherence among primary care groups to four cornerstone domains of the Expert Panel Report-3 asthma guidelines: assessment/monitoring, patient education, environmental assessment, and medications. We used the 2012 National Asthma Survey of Physicians: National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey to compare adherence by family/general medicine practitioners (FM/GM), internists, pediatricians and Community Health Center mid-level clinicians (CHC). Methods: Adherence was self-reported (n = 1355 clinicians). Adjusted odds of almost always adhering to each recommendation (≥75% of the time) were estimated controlling for clinician/practice characteristics, and agreement and self-efficacy with guideline recommendations. Results: A higher percentage of pediatricians adhered to most assessment/monitoring recommendations compared to FM/GM and other groups (e.g. 71.6% [SE 4.0] almost always assessed daytime symptoms versus 50.6% [SE 5.1]–51.1% [SE 5.8], t-test p Conclusions: Pediatricians were more likely to report high adherence than other clinicians. Self- efficacy and frequent referral were also associated with adherence. Adherence was higher for history-taking recommendations and lower for recommendations involving patient education, equipment and expertise.
Additional file 2: of Glial pathology and retinal neurotoxicity in the anterior visual pathway in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Creators: name: Jin, Jing
name: Smith, Matthew
name: Kersbergen, Calvin
name: Kam, Tae-In
name: Viswanathan, Mayuri
name: Martin, Kyle
name: Dawson, Ted
name: Dawson, Valina
name: Zack, Donald
name: Whartenby, Katharine
name: Calabresi, Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Figure S2. RGC numbers in PID 16 EAE and in CFA control mice vs healthy controls. a Brn3a staining at PID16. b Quantification of RGC number at PID 16. c RGC number of central retina at early stage EAE (PID16). d RGC number of middle retina at early stage EAE (PID16). e RGC number of peripheral retina at early stage EAE (PID16). f RGC density of naïve and CFA control mice. g There were no difference in BS between female and male mice. N.S. = no significant difference. Red scale bar =1 mm. White scale bar =20 μm. (PDF 519 kb)
Photometric and spectroscopic study of the young open cluster NGC 1893
Creators: name: Marco, A.
name: Negueruela, I.
name: Bernabeu, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present uvby-beta CCD photometry of the field of the open cluster NGC 1893. Our photometry is deep enough to cover the complete main sequence B spectral type. We identify ~50 very likely members of the cluster down to spectral type B9-A0, some of which have much higher reddenings than the average. We derive a color excess E(b-y) = 0.33+-0.03 and a dereddened distance modulus V_0 - M_V = 13.9+-0.2. From the beta index, we identify several candidates as emission-line stars, for which we have obtained spectroscopy. Three of them display spectra corresponding to spectral type F, but showing H-alpha in emission. Photometric measurements in this and previous studies indicate strong variability. These characteristics show them to be pre-main-sequence stars of spectral type F. We also identify two likely Herbig Be stars. These results hint at the existence of a sizable pre-main-sequence population in NGC 1893.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal. 55 pages, 11 figures. Uses aastex
CMB-S4: Iterative Internal Delensing and $r$ Constraints
Creators: name: Belkner, Sebastian
name: Carron, Julien
name: Legrand, Louis
name: Umiltà, Caterina
name: Pryke, Clem
name: Bischoff, Colin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The tightest constraints on the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$ can only be obtained after removing a substantial fraction of the lensing $B$-mode sample variance. The planned CMB-S4 experiment will remove the lensing $B$-mode signal internally by reconstructing the gravitational lenses from high-resolution observations. We document here a first lensing reconstruction pipeline able to achieve this optimally for arbitrary sky coverage. We make it part of a map-based framework to test CMB-S4 delensing performance and its constraining power on $r$, including inhomogeneous noise and two non-Gaussian Galactic polarized foreground models. The framework performs component-separation of the high-resolution maps, followed by the construction of lensing $B$-mode templates, which are then included in a parametric small-aperture maps cross-spectra-based likelihood for $r$. We find that the lensing reconstruction and framework achieve the expected performance, compatible with the target $σ(r) \simeq 5\cdot 10^{-4}$ in the absence of a tensor signal, after an effective removal of $92\%$ to $93\%$ of the lensing $B$-mode variance, depending on the simulation set. The code for the lensing reconstruction can also be used for cross-correlation studies with large-scale structures, lensing spectrum reconstruction, cluster lensing, or other CMB lensing-related purposes. As part of our tests we also demonstrate joint optimal reconstruction of the lensing potential with the lensing curl potential mode, second-order in the density fluctuations.
description: 29 pages, ApJ version
Field theory for the dynamics of the open $O(N)$ model
Creators: name: Lang, Johannes
name: Buchhold, Michael
name: Diehl, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A field theory approach for the nonequilibrium relaxation dynamics in open systems at late times is developed. In the absence of conservation laws, all excitations are subject to dissipation. Nevertheless, ordered stationary states satisfy Goldstone's theorem. It implies a vanishing damping rate at small momenta, which in turn allows for competition between environment-induced dissipation and thermalization due to collisions. We derive the dynamic theory in the symmetry-broken phase of an $O(N)$-symmetric field theory based on an expansion of the two-particle irreducible (2PI) effective action to next-to-leading order in $1/N$ and highlight the analogies and differences to the corresponding theory for closed systems. A central result of this approach is the systematic derivation of an \emph{open-system Boltzmann equation}, which takes a very different form from its closed-system counterpart due to the absence of well-defined quasiparticles. As a consequence of the general structure of its derivation, it applies to open, gapless field theories that satisfy certain testable conditions, which we identify here. Specifically for the $O(N)$ model, we use scaling analysis and numerical simulations to show that interactions are screened efficiently at small momenta and, therefore, the late-time evolution is effectively collisionless. This implies that fluctuations induced by a quench dissipate into the environment before they thermalize. Goldstone's theorem also constrains the dynamics far from equilibrium, which is used to show that the order parameter equilibrates more quickly for quenches preserving the $O(N)$ symmetry than those breaking it explicitly.
description: 24 pages, 15 figures, v2: published version
Sinulaspirolactam A, a novel aza-spirocyclic valerenane sesquiterpenoid from soft coral Sinularia sp.
Creators: name: Lai, Wei
name: Qin, Sheng-Ying
name: Zou, Ge
name: Liao, Xiao-Jian
name: Chen, Guo-Dong
name: Zhang, Hua
name: Zhao, Bing-Xin
name: Xu, Shi-Hai
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: A novel valerenane sesquiterpenoid sinulaspirolactam A (1), together with five known compounds, was isolated from the soft coral Sinularia sp. Their structures were determined by spectroscopic analyses. The absolute configuration of 1 was established by ECD calculation. Compound 1 was the first example of valerenane sesquiterpenoid bearing an aza-spiro[4.5] ring moiety, the plausible biogenetic pathway of which was proposed. Cytotoxic activities of these compounds were also evaluated.
Power spectrum estimation methods on intracluster medium surface brightness fluctuations
Creators: name: Bishop, Mark
name: Perrott, Yvette
name: Parashar, Tulasi
name: Oughton, Sean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurate estimation of galaxy cluster masses is a central problem in cosmology. Turbulence is believed to introduce significant deviations from the hydrostatic mass estimates. Estimation of turbulence properties is complicated by projection of the 3D cluster onto the 2D plane of the sky, and is commonly done in the form of indirect probes from fluctuations in the X-ray surface brightness and Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect maps. In this paper, we address this problem using simulations. We examine different methods for estimating the power spectrum on 2D projected fluctuation data, emulating data projected onto a 2D plane of the sky, and comparing them to the original, expected 3D power spectrum. Noise can contaminate the power spectrum of ICM observations, so we also briefly compare a few methods of reducing noise in the images for better spectral estimation.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
The Role of Spin-Dependent Interface Scattering in Generating Current-Induced Torques in Magnetic Multilayers
Creators: name: Waintal, Xavier
name: Myers, Edward B.
name: Brouwer, Piet W.
name: Ralph, D. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a calculation of current-induced torques in metallic magnetic multilayers derived from the spin-dependent transmission and reflection properties of the magnetic layers. A scattering formalism is employed to calculate the torques in a magnetic-nonmagnetic-magnetic trilayer, for currents perpendicular to the layers, in both the ballistic and diffusive regimes.
description: references added
On the use of the equivalent source method for free-field calibration of an acoustic radiator in a reverberant tank
Creators: name: Virovlyansky, A. L.
name: Deryabin, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the use of the equivalent source method allows one to reconstruct the sound field excited by an acoustic radiator in free space from the measurements of the sound filed excited by this radiator in a tank with reflecting boundaries. The key assumption underlying the proposed approach is that the same set of monopoles with the same strengths can reproduce the field of the radiator both in free space and in the tank. The monopole strengths are reconstructed from the measurements in the tank, and the field in free space is then calculated using the known Green function. The feasibility of the approach is demonstrated in a tank experiment.
description: 27 pages, 13 figures
Additional file 2: of Optimization of parathyroid 11C-choline PET protocol for localization of parathyroid adenomas in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism
Creators: name: Noltes, Milou
name: Kruijff, Schelto
name: Noordzij, Walter
name: Telenga, Eef
name: García, David Vállez
name: Trofimiuk-Müldner, Malgorzata
name: Opalińska, Marta
name: Hubalewska-Dydejczyk, Alicja
name: Luurtsema, Gert
name: Dierckx, Rudi
name: Moumni, Mostafa
name: Boellaard, Ronald
name: Brouwers, Adrienne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Medicine
Molecular Biology
Neuroscience

description: 11C-choline PET/CT (DOCX 16 kb)
Theory of Ferromagnetic Metal to Paramagnetic Insulator Transition i in R_{1-x}A_{x}MnO_{3}
Creators: name: Sheng, L.
name: Sheng, D. N.
name: Ting, C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The double-exchange model for the Mn oxides with orbital degeneracy is studied with including on-site Coulomb repulsion, Jahn-Teller (J-T) coupling and doping-induced disorder. In the strong interaction limit, it is mapped onto a single-band Anderson model, in which all scattering mechanisms can be treated on an equal footing. A sharp rise in the mean square fluctuation of lattice distortions is found near the Curie temperature $T_c$, in agreement with experiments. We show that the spin and J-T disorders lead to a metal-insulator transition (MIT) only at low carrier density. The MIT observed in samples with $0.2\leq x<0.5$ can be explained by further including the disorder effect of cation size mismatch.
description: 8 pages, two PS figures