cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Who’s feeding baby? Non-maternal involvement in feeding and its association with dietary intakes among infants and toddlers
Creators: name: Maria Siega-Riz, Anna
name: Thompson, Amanda L.
name: Adair, Linda S.
name: Wasser, Heather M.
name: Bentley, Margaret E.
name: Hodges, Eric A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: This study examined non-maternal involvement in feeding during the first two years of life and its association with breastfeeding duration, early introduction of complementary foods, and dietary intakes of selected foods and beverages. Data were from the Infant Care, Feeding and Risk of Obesity Study, a cohort of 217 low-income, African-American mother-infant dyads, followed from 3-18 months postpartum. Non-maternal caregivers (NMCs) were defined as persons involved in feeding an infant/toddler 50% or more of the total daily feedings. Use of any NMC and the type of NMC was tabulated for each study visit (3, 6, 9, 12, and 18 months). At each time point, more than half of all households reported a NMC. Fathers, grandmothers, and licensed childcare providers were the most common types of NMCs. In longitudinal models adjusted for confounding variables, NMC use was associated with a decreased likelihood of continued breastfeeding, and an increased likelihood of infants and toddlers consuming juice or whole fruit. Given the high prevalence of non-maternal involvement in feeding, interventions targeting multiple family members are warranted as they are likely to be more effective than those targeting the mother alone.
A Novel Scholar Embedding Model for Interdisciplinary Collaboration
Creators: name: Hu, Yitong
name: Zhu, Zixuan
name: Wang, Yizhe
name: Wang, Junxiang
name: Xing, Zehao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Interdisciplinary collaboration has become a driving force for scientific breakthroughs, and evaluating scholars' performance in interdisciplinary researches is essential for promoting such collaborations. However, traditional scholar evaluation methods based solely on individual achievements do not consider interdisciplinary cooperation, creating a challenge for interdisciplinary scholar evaluation and recommendation. To address this issue, we propose a scholar embedding model that quantifies and represents scholars based on global semantic information and social influence, enabling real-time tracking of scholars' research trends. Our model incorporates semantic information and social influence for interdisciplinary scholar evaluation, laying the foundation for future interdisciplinary collaboration discovery and recommendation projects. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our model on a sample of scholars from the Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications.
Using participant hedonic ratings of food images to construct data driven food groupings
Creators: name: Johnson, Susan L.
name: Burger, Kyle S.
name: Boles, Richard E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Theorists posit that food reward is a powerful determinant of intake, yet little is known regarding how individuals’ hedonic ratings of a variety of foods interrelate and how hedonic ratings correspond to habitual dietary intake. Participant ratings of food appeal of 104 food images were collected while participants were in a fed state (n = 129). Self-reported frequency of intake of the food items, perceived hunger, body mass index (BMI), and dietary restraint were also assessed. Principal components analysis (PCA) was employed to analyze hedonic ratings of the foods, to identify component structures and to reduce the number of variables. The resulting component structures comprised 63 images loading on seven components including Energy-Dense Main Courses, Light Main Courses and Seafood as well as components more analogous to traditional food groups (e.g., Fruits, Grains, Desserts, Meats). However, vegetables were not represented in a unique, independent component. All components were positively correlated with reported intake of the food items (r’s = .26–.52, p < .05), except for the Light Main Course component (r = .10). BMI showed a small positive relation with aggregated food appeal ratings (r = .19; p < .05), which was largely driven by the relations between BMI and appeal ratings for Energy-Dense Main Courses (r = .24; p < .01) and Desserts (r = .27; p < .01). Dietary restraint showed a small significant negative relation to Energy-Dense Main Courses (r = −.21; p < .05), and Meats (r = −.18; p < .05). The present investigation provides novel evidence that how individuals’ hedonic ratings of foods aggregate into food components and how these component ratings relate to dietary intake. The notable absence of a vegetable component suggests that individuals’ liking for vegetables is highly variable and, from an empirical standpoint, not related to how they respond hedonically to other food categories.
title: Gedenkfeier anlässlich der Bestattung von Otto Gschwind-Seifert, Montag, den 6. Dezember 1948 im Krematorium in Zürich
title: Architekt Otto Gschwind-Seifert 1883-1948
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Zentralbibliothek Zürich
Year: 1948
Subjects: subject: 920 Biografien, Genealogie, Insignien
subject: Nachruf

description: Enthält: Abdankungsansprache von Pfarrer Hans Gschwind; Ansprache von Prof. Dr. Max Schoch; Ansprache von Kantonsrat Eduard Kunz; Ansprache von Direktor Eduard Vogel-Steiger; Gebet
Drivers of overweight mothers' food choice behaviors depend on child gender
Creators: name: Bouhlal, Sofia
name: Ward, Dianne S.
name: McBride, Colleen M.
name: Persky, Susan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: National data suggest a higher prevalence of obesity among boys. One possible cause could be the food choices made by parents on behalf of their children.
Eating behavior by sleep duration in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos
Creators: name: Mossavar-Rahmani, Yasmin
name: Rock, Cheryl L.
name: Jung, Molly
name: Sotres-Alvarez, Daniela
name: Van Horn, Linda
name: Ramos, Alberto
name: Patel, Sanjay R.
name: Arens, Raanan
name: Redline, Susan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Sleep is an important pillar of health and a modifiable risk factor for diabetes, stroke and obesity. Little is known of diet and sleep patterns of Hispanics/Latinos in the US. Here we examine eating behavior as a function of sleep duration in a sub-sample of 11,888 participants from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, a community-based cohort study of Hispanics aged 18–74 years in four US cities. Using a cross-sectional probability sample with self-report data on habitual sleep duration and up to two 24-hour dietary recalls, we quantified the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI-2010) score, a measure of diet quality, and intake of selected nutrients related to cardiovascular health. Linear regression models were fit to estimate least-square means of usual nutrient intake of saturated fats, potassium density, fiber, calcium, caffeine and the AHEI-2010 score by sleep duration adjusting for age, sex, Hispanic/Latino background, income, employment status, education, depressive symptomology, and years lived in the US. Distribution of calories over the day and association with sleep duration and BMI were also examined.
Maternal eating disorder and infant diet. A latent class analysis based on the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa)
Creators: name: Bulik, Cynthia M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Knowledge of infant diet and feeding practices among children of mothers with eating disorders is essential to promote healthy eating in these children. This study compared the dietary patterns of 6-month-old children of mothers with anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, and eating disorder not otherwise specified - purging subtype, to the diet of children of mothers with no eating disorders. The study was based on 53,879 mothers in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify discrete latent classes of infant diet based on the mothers’ responses to questions about 16 food items. LCA identified five classes, characterized by primarily homemade vegetarian food (4% of the infants in the sample), homemade traditional food (8%), commercial infant cereals (35%), commercial jarred baby food (39%), and a mix of all food groups (11%). We then estimated the association between the different latent dietary classes and maternal eating disorders using a multinomial logistic regression model. Infants of mothers with bulimia nervosa had a lower probability of being in the homemade traditional food class compared to the commercial jarred baby food class, than the referent without an eating disorder (O.R. 0.59; 95% CI 0.36–0.99). Infants of mothers with binge eating disorder had a lower probability of being in the homemade vegetarian class compared to the commercial jarred baby food class, than the referent (O.R. 0.77; 95% CI 0.60–0.99), but only before controlling for relevant confounders. Anorexia nervosa and eating disorder not otherwise specified-purging subtype were not statistically significant associated with any of the dietary classes. These results suggest that in the general population, maternal eating disorders may to some extent influence the child’s diet as early as 6 months after birth; however, the extent to which these differences influence child health and development remain an area for further inquiry.
Topology-Based MPC for Automatic Footstep Placement and Contact Surface Selection
Creators: name: Shim, Jaehyun
name: Mastalli, Carlos
name: Corbères, Thomas
name: Tonneau, Steve
name: Ivan, Vladimir
name: Vijayakumar, Sethu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: State-of-the-art approaches to footstep planning assume reduced-order dynamics when solving the combinatorial problem of selecting contact surfaces in real time. However, in exchange for computational efficiency, these approaches ignore joint torque limits and limb dynamics. In this work, we address these limitations by presenting a topology-based approach that enables model predictive control (MPC) to simultaneously plan full-body motions, torque commands, footstep placements, and contact surfaces in real time. To determine if a robot's foot is inside a contact surface, we borrow the winding number concept from topology. We then use this winding number and potential field to create a contact-surface penalty function. By using this penalty function, MPC can select a contact surface from all candidate surfaces in the vicinity and determine footstep placements within it. We demonstrate the benefits of our approach by showing the impact of considering full-body dynamics, which includes joint torque limits and limb dynamics, on the selection of footstep placements and contact surfaces. Furthermore, we validate the feasibility of deploying our topology-based approach in an MPC scheme and explore its potential capabilities through a series of experimental and simulation trials.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
MPEC 2023-U117 : 2023 TD32
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 TD32

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
MAKTABGACHA YOSHDA DUDUQLANUVCHI BOLALAR NUTQINI O'YINLAR ORQALI KORREKSIYALASH
Creators: name: Raximbekova, Elmira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Ushbu maqolada maktabgacha yoshdagi bolalarda nutqning to’g’ri shakillanishi, duduqlanish, duduqlanishning  kelib chiqish  sabablari, duduqlanishni   zamonaviy o’yinlar orqali korreksiyalash, artikulatsion mashqlar, bola bilan tizimli korreksion ish olib borish, duduqlnishni oldini olish haqida bayon qilingan.
S-Shaped Flow Curves of Shear Thickening Suspensions: Direct Observation of Frictional Rheology
Creators: name: Pan, Zhongcheng
name: de Cagny, Henri
name: Weber, Bart
name: Bonn, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the rheological behavior of concentrated granular suspensions of simple spherical particles. Under controlled stress, the system exhibits an S-shaped flow curve (stress vs. shear rate) with a negative slope in between the low-viscosity Newtonian regime and the shear thickened regime. Under controlled shear rate, a discontinuous transition between the two states is observed. Stress visualization experiments with a novel fluorescent probe suggest that friction is at the origin of shear thickening. Stress visualization shows that the stress in the system remains homogeneous (no shear banding) if a stress is imposed that is intermediate between the high and low-stress branches. The S-shaped shear thickening is then due to the discontinuous formation of a frictional force network between particles upon increasing the stress.
description: 5 pages + 6 figures
Inflationary Dynamics and Swampland Criteria for Modified Gauss-Bonnet Gravity Compatible with GW170817
Creators: name: Odintsov, S. D.
name: Oikonomou, V. K.
name: Fronimos, F. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we present an alternative formalism for the inflationary phenomenology of rescaled Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet models which are in agreement with the GW170817 event. By constraining the propagation velocity of primordial tensor perturbations, an approximate form for the time derivative of the scalar field coupled to the Gauss-Bonnet density is extracted. In turn, the overall degrees of freedom decrease and similar to the case of the canonical scalar field, only one scalar function needs to be designated, while the other is extracted from the continuity equation of the scalar field. We showcase explicitly that the slow-roll indices can be written in a closed form as functions of three dimensionless parameters, namely $x=\frac{1}{2α}\bigg(\frac{κξ'}{ξ''}\bigg)^2$, $β=8H^2ξ''$ and $γ=\frac{ξ'ξ'''}{ξ''^2}$ and in turn, we prove that the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet model can in fact produce a blue-tilted tensor spectral index if the condition $β\geq1$ is satisfied, which is possible only for Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet models with $ξ''(ϕ_k)>0$. Afterwards, a brief comment on the running of the spectral indices is made where it is shown that $a_{\mathcal{S}}(k_*)$ and $a_{\mathcal{T}}(k_*)$ in the constrained case are approximately of the order $\mathcal{O}(10^{-3})$, if not smaller. Last but not least, we examine the conditions under which the Swampland criteria are satisfied. We connect the tracking condition related to scalar field theories with the present models, and we highlight the important feature of the models we propose that the tracking condition can be satisfied only if the Swampland criteria are simultaneously satisfied, however the cases with $ξ\sim1/V$ and $ξ\sim V$ are excluded, as they cannot describe the inflationary era properly.
description: PRD Accepted, abstract reduced due to arXiv limitations
Two Tibetan boys sitting on the sidewalk as demonstrators march towards People's Park, calling for an end to price increases, Lhasa, 1993
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Demonstrations
Tibetans--Economic conditions
Tibetans

description: Photograph of two Tibetan boys sitting on the sidewalk as demonstrators march towards People's Park, calling for an end to price increases in Lhasa.
Improving the sensitivity of stop searches with on-shell constrained invariant mass variables
Creators: name: Cho, Won Sang
name: Gainer, James S.
name: Kim, Doojin
name: Matchev, Konstantin T.
name: Moortgat, Filip
name: Pape, Luc
name: Park, Myeonghun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The search for light stops is of paramount importance, both in general as a promising path to the discovery of beyond the standard model physics and more specifically as a way of evaluating the success of the naturalness paradigm. While the LHC experiments have ruled out much of the relevant parameter space, there are "stop gaps", i.e., values of sparticle masses for which existing LHC analyses have relatively little sensitivity to light stops. We point out that techniques involving on-shell constrained M_2 variables can do much to enhance sensitivity in this region and hence help close the stop gaps. We demonstrate the use of these variables for several benchmark points and describe the effect of realistic complications, such as detector effects and combinatorial backgrounds, in order to provide a useful toolkit for light stop searches in particular, and new physics searches at the LHC in general.
description: 49 pages, 28 figures, revised version published in JHEP, references added
Swampland Criteria and Constraints on Inflation in a $f(R,T)$ Gravity Theory
Creators: name: Oikonomou, V. K.
name: Revis, Konstantinos-Rafail
name: Papadimitriou, Ilias C.
name: Pegioudi, Maria-Myrto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we worked in the framework of an inflationary $f(R,T)$ theory, in the presence of a canonical scalar field. More specifically, the $f(R,T)=γR+2καT$ gravity. The values of the dimensionless parameters $α$ and $γ$ are taken to be $α\geq 0$ and $0 < γ\leq 1$. The motivation for that study was the striking similarities between the slow-roll parameters of the inflationary model used in this work and the ones obtained by the rescaled Einstein-Hilbert gravity inflation $f(R)=αR$. We examined a variety of potentials to determine if they agree with the current Planck Constraints. In addition, we checked whether these models satisfy the Swampland Criteria and we specified the exact region of the parameter space that produces viable results for each model. As we mention in Section IV the inflationary $f(R,T)$ theory used in this work can not produce a positive $n_T$ which implies that the stochastic gravitational wave background will not be detectable.
description: IJMPD Accepted
Digitization Workflows for Flat Sheets and Packets of Plants, Algae, and Fungi
Creators: name: Gillespie, Emily
name: Ellwood, Elizabeth R.
name: Soltis, Pamela S.
name: Ruhfel, Brad R.
name: Germain-Aubrey, Charlotte C.
name: Carter, J. Richard
name: Gilbert, Ed
name: Weeks, Andrea
name: Sweeney, Patrick
name: Wallace, Lisa E.
name: Brown, Herrick
name: Oberreiter, Shanna
name: Murrell, Zack
name: Mast, Austin R.
name: Nazaire, Mare
name: Allard, Dorothy
name: Paul, Deborah
name: Rabeler, Richard K.
name: Marchant, D. Blaine
name: Legler, Ben
name: Goertzen, Leslie R.
name: Morris, Ashley B.
name: Neefus, Chris
name: Watson, Kimberly
name: Sasek, Thomas
name: Marsico, Travis D.
name: Nelson, Gil
name: Shaw, Joey
name: Denslow, Michael W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Effective workflows are essential components in the digitization of biodiversity specimen collections. To date, no comprehensive, community-vetted workflows have been published for digitizing flat sheets and packets of plants, algae, and fungi, even though latest estimates suggest that only 33% of herbarium specimens have been digitally transcribed, 54% of herbaria use a specimen database, and 24% are imaging specimens. In 2012, iDigBio, the U.S. National Science Foundation’s (NSF) coordinating center and national resource for the digitization of public, nonfederal U.S. collections, launched several working groups to address this deficiency. Here, we report the development of 14 workflow modules with 7–36 tasks each. These workflows represent the combined work of approximately 35 curators, directors, and collections managers representing more than 30 herbaria, including 15 NSF-supported plant-related Thematic Collections Networks and collaboratives. The workflows are provided for download as Portable Document Format (PDF) and Microsoft Word files. Customization of these workflows for specific institutional implementation is encouraged.
Probing structural disorder in zircon by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) : radiation damage and Kikuchi pattern
Creators: name: Beirau, Tobias
name: Kilian, Rüdiger
name: Stipp, Michael
name: Ewing, Rodney C.
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 550

description: Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) was employed to probe the structural order of a zoned radiation-damaged zircon (ZrSiO4) on the sub-micron scale. The amorphous fraction of the growth-zones is in the range of ∼45–80%, due to variations in the amount of incorporated uranium and thorium (∼0.22–0.43 wt% UO2 and ∼0.02–0.08 wt% ThO2) and the resulting alpha-decay events over time. The obtained Kikuchi patterns’ band contrast (bc) and band slope (bs) are indicative of the degree of atomic-scale order. The excellent correlation of both parameters with the evolution of the elastic modulus validates the methods reliability.
Effect of ionic environment on the inactivation of poliovirus in water by chlorine.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1980

description: The rate of inactivation of poliovirus in water by chlorine is strongly influenced by the pH, which in turn influences the relative amounts of HOCl and OCl- that are present and acting on the virus in the region of pH 6 to 10. The distribution of HOCl and OCl- is influenced to a lesser extent by the addition of NaCl. The major part of the sharp increase in disinfection rate seen with this salt is thought to be due to its effect on the virus itself resulting in an increased chlorine sensitivity, especially at high pH.
Conditions for symmetry reduction of polysymplectic and polycosymplectic structures
Creators: name: Andrés, Eduardo García-Toraño
name: Mestdag, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For Hamiltonian field theories on polysymplectic manifolds with a symmetry group action and a momentum map, we explore the redundancy in a set of necessary conditions that has appeared in the literature, for a generalized version of the Marsden-Weinstein symmetry reduction theorem. Next, we prove a necessary and sufficient condition for polycosymplectic reduction. We relate polycosymplectic reduction in a one-to-one way to the reduction of an associated larger polysymplectic manifold. Throughout the paper, we provide examples and discuss special cases.
Regularization of hidden dynamics in piecewise smooth flows
Creators: name: Novaes, Douglas D.
name: Jeffrey, Mike R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34A36, 37G15, 37C27, 37C30

description: This paper studies the equivalence between differentiable and non-differentiable dynamics in Rn. Filippov's theory of discontinuous differential equations allows us to find flow solutions of dynamical systems whose vector fields undergo switches at thresholds in phase space. The canonical convex combination at the discontinuity is only the linear part of a nonlinear combination that more fully explores Filippov's most general problem: the differential inclusion. Here we show how recent work relating discontinuous systems to singular limits of continuous (or regularized) systems extends to nonlinear combinations. We show that if sliding occurs in a discontinuous systems, there exists a differentiable slow-fast system with equivalent slow invariant dynamics. We also show the corresponding result for the pinching method, a converse to regularization which approximates a smooth system by a discontinuous one.
Multimodal E2E Framework for Depression Classification: Preliminary Results
Creators: name: Arioz, Umut
name: Mlakar, Izidor
name: Safran, Valentino
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: multimodal depression classification

description: Depression is still one of the most serious mental disorders in our world. Early detection of depression is important because depression is affecting the people’s life through their daily activities and causing severe disabilities if not determined or diagnosed in time [1]. Depression has also other negative consequences like suicidal attempts and economic burden on both patient and the health system [2,3]. This study provides the preliminary results of our work in PERSIST project (Patients-centered SurvivorShIp care plan after Cancer treatments based on Big Data and Artificial Intelligence technologies) [13]. The aim of PERSIST is to improve the cancer survivors’ treatment by leveraging the opportunities of big data, artificial intelligence and other cutting-edge technologies. Main outcome will be supporting survivors during the follow-up period to increase their satisfaction, identifying high risks and supporting the patients with high risk of reoccurrence. During the project time, we will take the daily recording videos of the patients, extract the multimodal communication features, and classify them according to their mental health situation. In parallel to PERSIST aims, in this study, we tried to classify depression signs with artificial intelligence algorithms to show the importance of multimodal data.
Two Tibetans walking past signboard in Tibetan and Chinese, depicting three Communist officers saluted by two Tibetans in traditional dress, Lhasa, 1993
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Signs and signboards
Propaganda
Tibetans

description: Photograph of two Tibetans walking past a signboard in Tibetan and Chinese, depicting officers from the People's Liberation Army, the Armed Security Forces, and the Police, saluted by two Tibetans in their traditional dress, with the official logo for the 40th anniversary of Liberation.
Vesicle budding caused by lysolipid-induced asymmetry stress
Creators: name: Hua, Lisa
name: Kaiser, Michael
name: Carabadjac, Iulia
name: Meister, Annette
name: Hauser, Gerd
name: Heerklotz, Heiko
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 570

description: Lysolipids such as lauroyl, myristoyl, and palmitoyl lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) insert into the outer leaflet of liposomes but do not flip to the inner leaflet over many hours. This way, they create asymmetry stress between the intrinsic areas of the two leaflets. We have studied how this stress is relaxed with particular emphasis on the budding and fission of small (diameter 20–30 nm) daughter vesicles (DVs). Asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation was utilized to quantify the extent of budding from large unilamellar vesicles after exposure to LPC. Budding starts at a low threshold of the order of 2 mol% LPC in the outer (and ≈0 mol% LPC in the inner) leaflet. We see reason to assume that the fractional fluorescence intensity from DVs is a good approximation for the fraction of membrane lipid, POPC, transferred into DVs. Accordingly, budding starts with a “budding power” of ≈6 POPC molecules budding off per LPC added, corresponding to a more than 10-fold accumulation of LPC in the outer leaflet of DVs to ≈24 mol%. As long as budding is possible, little strain is built up in the membranes, a claim supported by the lack of changes in limiting fluorescence anisotropy, rotational correlation time, and fluorescence lifetime of symmetrically and asymmetrically inserted TMA-DPH. At physiological osmolarity, budding is typically limited to 20–30% of budded fraction with some batch-to-batch variation, but independent of the LPC species. We hypothesize that the budding limit is determined by the excess area of the liposomes upon preparation, which is then used up upon budding given the larger area-to-volume ratio of smaller liposomes. As the mother vesicles approach ideal spheres, budding must stop. This is qualitatively supported by increased and decreased budding limits of osmotically predeflated and preinflated vesicles, respectively.
Solutions and basic properties of regularized Maxwell theory
Creators: name: Hale, Tomas
name: Kubiznak, David
name: Svitek, Ota
name: Tahamtan, Tayebeh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The regularized Maxwell theory is a recently discovered theory of non-linear electrodynamics that admits many important gravitating solutions within the Einstein theory. Namely, it was originally derived as the unique non-linear electrodynamics (that depends only on the field invariant $F_{μν}F^{μν}$) whose radiative solutions can be found in the Robinson--Trautman class. At the same time, it is the only electrodynamics of this type (apart from Maxwell) whose slowly rotating solutions are fully characterized by the electrostatic potential. In this paper, after discussing the basic properties of the regularized Maxwell theory, we concentrate on its spherical electric solutions. These not only provide `the simplest' regularization of point electric field and its self-energy, but also feature complex thermodynamic behavior (in both canonical and grandcanonical ensembles) and admit an unprecedented phase diagram with multiple first-order, second-order, and zeroth-order phase transitions. Among other notable solutions, we construct a novel C-metric describing accelerated AdS black holes in the regularized Maxwell theory. We also present a generalization of the regularized Maxwell Lagrangian applicable to magnetic solutions, and find the corresponding spherical, slowly rotating, and weakly NUT charged solutions.
description: 19 pages, 18 figures v2: published version - title change due to PRD regulations
Solution-processing of Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 solar cells from metal chalcogenides: aspects of absorber crystallisation and interface formation
Creators: name: Ulicna, Sona
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 91399 Mechanical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: Photovoltaic (PV) solar   cells provide   a   simple   and   smart way for direct conversion of sunlight into electricity, which is a clean alternative to conventional fossil  fuel-based  energy  conversion  methods. As  a  result  of ongoing  research, photovoltaic technologies  are  becoming both more  efficient and cheaper.  Thin film  solar  cells,  particularly chalcogenides, are  a  promising area  of  research  as they  offer substantial cost  savings as  a  consequence of  reduced material  usage and cheaper atmospheric fabrication processes.Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2(CIGS)solar    cells are currently    the    best    performing commercially  deployed thin  film PV technology. However  the  best  performing CIGS  devices are  fabricated  using  sophisticated  vacuum-based co-evaporation or  co-sputtering  systems  requiring  high  capital  costs  and  high  energy  budgets. Lower  costs  are  achievable  using  alternative  atmospheric  deposition  methods. These   typically   involve   two   step   processes   consisting   of   electrodeposition, nanoparticle   or   molecular   solution   coatings   followed   by   high   temperature annealing   in a chalcogen   containing   atmosphere.  [Continues.]
The SDSS-III APOGEE Spectral Line List for H-band Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Shetrone, Matthew
name: Bizyaev, Dmitry
name: Lawler, James
name: Prieto, Carlos Allende
name: Johnson, Jennifer A.
name: Smith, Verne
name: Cunha, Katia
name: Holtzman, Jon
name: Perez, Ana Garcia
name: Meszaros, Szabolcs
name: Sobeck, Jennifer
name: Zamora, Olga
name: Garcia-Hernandez, Anibal
name: Souto, Diogo
name: Chojnowski, Drew
name: Koesterke, Lars
name: Majewski, Steven
name: Zasowski, Gail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the $H$-band spectral line lists adopted by the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE). The APOGEE line lists comprise astrophysical, theoretical, and laboratory sources from the literature, as well as newly evaluated astrophysical oscillator strengths and damping parameters. We discuss the construction of the APOGEE line list, which is one of the critical inputs for the APOGEE Stellar Parameters and Chemical Abundances Pipeline, and present three different versions that have been used at various stages of the project. The methodology for the newly calculated astrophysical line lists is reviewed. The largest of these three line lists contains 134,457 molecular and atomic transitions. In addition to the format adopted to store the data, the line lists are available in MOOG, Synspec and Turbospectrum formats. We also present a list of $H$-band spectral features that are either poorly represented or completely missing in our line list. This list is based on the average of a large number of spectral fit residuals for APOGEE observations spanning a wide range of stellar parameters.
description: Accepted to ApJ Sup
Internationalising UK students through migrant academic staff
Creators: name: Tebbett, Natalie
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 49999 Earth Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Work on academic mobility has primarily explored the movement of people and the production and circulation of ideas, concepts, and innovations in scientific research. The movement of knowledge for the purpose of HE teaching and learning, however, remains under-researched. Aiming to respond to this lack of attention, this thesis investigates how international academic staff transfer ideas and academic perspectives acquired in non-UK pedagogic environments to students at UK universities. The thesis examines the opportunities and challenges migrant academic staff face in engaging in such knowledge transfer while adapting to UK HE, exploring three research objectives: (1) to analyse the experiences of migrant academic staff in the UK with regard to the transfer and adaptation of international ideas and concepts in their teaching and learning practice; (2) to examine the impact of “foreignness as a teaching resource” (Alberts 2008: 198) on UK students taught by international academics; and (3) to assess to what extent UK universities recognise and support non-UK academics as a valuable resource in teaching and learning. To address these objectives, I utilised a multi-method approach comprising 41 semi-structured interviews with international faculty, senior management and professional development staff, and a questionnaire survey with 185 undergraduate students. The fieldwork was conducted at three research-intensive case-study universities in England, from December 2014 to January 2016.
The thesis significantly advances knowledge on geographies of education and migration studies in several ways. First, it highlights the uneven geographies of knowledge transfer in HE teaching and learning. Second, student encounters with migrant academic staff may drive change in certain UK undergraduate learners through developing intercultural respect, stimulating open-mindedness, expanding horizons, and promoting tolerance of otherness. Third, the case-study universities only cursorily capitalised on migrant academics’ insights about other knowledge environments in relation to pedagogic approaches and knowledge claims, and therefore the thesis points to the need for further progressive debates about how best to mobilise and support international best practice. In doing the above, the thesis advances a new conceptualisation – double-being, double-thinking – that emphasises the disparate knowledge environments that migrant academics straddle. Thus, the thesis opens up a new research agenda in emerging scholarship about the internationalisation of higher education through migrant academic staff.
Invisible dark gauge boson search in top decays using a kinematic method
Creators: name: Kim, Doojin
name: Lee, Hye-Sung
name: Park, Myeonghun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the discovery potential of a dark force carrier ($Z'$) of very light mass, $m_{Z'} \lesssim {\cal O}(1-10)$ GeV, at hadron colliders via rare top quark decays, especially when it decays invisibly in typical search schemes. We emphasize that the top sector is promising for the discovery of new particles because top quark pairs are copiously produced at the Large Hadron Collider. The signal process is initiated by a rare top decay into a bottom quark and a charged Higgs boson ($H^\pm$) decaying subsequently into a $W$ and one or multiple $Z'$s. The light $Z'$ can be invisible in collider searches in various scenarios, and it would be hard to distinguish the relevant collider signature from the regular $t\bar{t}$ process in the Standard Model. We suggest a search strategy using the recently proposed on-shell constrained $M_2$ variables. Our signal process is featured by an $\textit{asymmetric}$ event topology, while the $t\bar{t}$ is $\textit{symmetric}$. The essence behind the strategy is to evoke some contradiction in the relevant observables by applying the kinematic variables designed under the assumption of the $t\bar{t}$ event topology. To see the viability of the proposed technique, we perform Monte Carlo simulations including realistic effects such as cuts, backgrounds, detector resolution, and so on at the LHC of $\sqrt{s}=14$ TeV.
description: Journal-published version, minor modification in table numbers, 19 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables, references added
Inactivation of coxsackieviruses B3 and B5 in water by chlorine.
Creators: name: Thomas, K
name: Jensen, H
name: Sharp, D
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1980

description: The inactivation rates of coxsackievirus B3 (CB3) and B5 (CB5) by chlorine in dilute buffer at pH 6 were very nearly the same and about half that of poliovirus (Mahoney) under similar conditions. Purified CB3, like the poliovirus, aggregated in the acid range but not at pH 7 and above. Purified CB5 aggregated rapidly at all pH values; still, the graph of log surviving infectivity versus time was a straight line. No chlorine inactivation data were obtained with dispersed CB5, for it could be dispersed only by addition of diethylaminoethyl dextran, which would react with the chlorine. Addition of 0.1 M NaCl to the buffer at pH 6 did not influence the aggregation of CB5 or the rate of chlorine action on either of the coxsackie-viruses, but at pH 10 it increased the disinfection activity of OCl- for both viruses roughly 20-fold. Cesium chloride had a similar but smaller effect. KCl was the most active of the three in this respect, making the inactivating effect of OCl- at pH 10 about equal to that of HOCl at pH 6.
Twist expansion of Drell-Yan structure functions in color dipole approach
Creators: name: Motyka, Leszek
name: Sadzikowski, Mariusz
name: Stebel, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Forward Drell-Yan process at the LHC probes the proton structure at very small Bjorken-$x$ and moderate hard scales. In this kinematical domain higher twist effects may be significant and introduce sizeable corrections to the standard leading twist description. We study the forward Drell-Yan process beyond the leading twist approximation within the color dipole model framework that incorporates multiple scattering effects. We derive the Mellin representation of the forward Drell-Yan impact factors for fully differential cross-sections. These results combined with the color dipole cross-section of the saturation model are used to perform twist expansion of the Drell-Yan structure functions at arbitrary transverse momentum $q_T$ of the Drell-Yan pair and also of the structure functions integrated over $q_T$. We also investigate the Lam-Tung relation, find that it is broken at twist 4 and provide explicit estimates for the breaking term.
description: 21 pages, 2 figures
Inactivation of poliovirus I (Brunhilde) single particles by chlorine in water.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1980

description: Like the Mahoney strain, the Brunhilde strain of poliovirus aggregated slowly in dilute phosphate-carbonate buffer at pH 6 but not at all at or above pH 7. Infectivity decreased at rates approximately proportional to the concentration of free chlorine present at pH 6 over the entire range of 5 to 40 micrometer. The addition of 0.1 M NaCl to the buffer increased the rate about twofold, but this strain was still twice as resistant as the Mahoney strain. At pH 10, inactivation was much slower than at pH 6, but when 0.1 M NaCl was added, the rate was increased 31-fold, making the OCl- at pH 10 over three times more effective than HOCl at pH 6.
Unidentified Tibetan woman standing with unconscious protestors piled inside a police station after demonstration in Lhasa, 1988
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Police brutality
Human rights
Tibetans

description: Photograph of an unidentified Tibetan woman standing with unconscious protestors piled inside a police station after demonstration in Lhasa, watched by a plain clothed police officer.
Reanalysis of lattice QCD spectra leading to the $D_{s0}^*(2317)$ and $D_{s1}^*(2460)$
Creators: name: Torres, A. Martínez
name: Oset, E.
name: Prelovsek, S.
name: Ramos, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a reanalysis of the energy levels obtained in a recent lattice QCD simulation, from where the existence of bound states of $KD$ and $KD^*$ are induced and identified with the narrow $D_{s0}^*(2317)$ and $D_{s1}^*(2460)$ resonances. The reanalysis is done in terms of an auxiliary potential, employing a single-channel basis $KD^{(*)}$, and a two-channel basis $KD^{(*)}, ηD_s^{(*)}$. By means of an extended Lüscher method we determine poles of the continuum $t$-matrix, bound by about 40 MeV with respect to the $KD$ and $KD^*$ thresholds, which we identify with the $D_{s0}^*(2317)$ and $D_{s1}^*(2460)$ resonances. Using a sum rule that reformulates Weinberg compositeness condition we can determine that the state $D_{s0}^*(2317)$ contains a $KD$ component in an amount of about 70%, while the state $D_{s1}^*(2460)$ contains a similar amount of $KD^*$. We argue that the present lattice simulation results do not still allow us to determine which are the missing channels in the bound state wave functions and we discuss the necessary information that can lead to answer this question.
description: 22 pages, 2 figures; updated to match the published version
Evidence for direct interaction between the oncogenic proteins E6 and E7 of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV)
Creators: name: Lim, Jia Wen
name: Lilie, Hauke
name: Kalbacher, Hubert
name: Roos, Nora Isabel
name: Frecot, Desiree Isabella
name: Feige, Maximilian
name: Conrady, Marcel
name: Votteler, Tobias
name: Cousido-Siah, Alexandra
name: Corradini Bartoli, Giada
name: Iftner, Thomas
name: Trave, Gilles
name: Simón, Claudia
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 570

description: Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are DNA tumor viruses that infect mucosal and cutaneous epithelial cells of more than 20 vertebrates. High-risk HPV causes about 5% of human cancers worldwide, and the viral proteins E6 and E7 promote carcinogenesis by interacting with tumor suppressors and interfering with many cellular pathways. As a consequence, they immortalize cells more efficiently in concert than individually. So far, the networks of E6 and E7 with their respective cellular targets have been studied extensively but independently. However, we hypothesized that E6 and E7 might also interact directly with each other in a novel interaction affecting HPV-related carcinogenesis. Here, we report a direct interaction between E6 and E7 proteins from carcinogenic HPV types 16 and 31. We demonstrated this interaction via cellular assays using two orthogonal methods: coimmunoprecipitation and flow cytometry–based FRET assays. Analytical ultracentrifugation of the recombinant proteins revealed that the stoichiometry of the E6/E7 complex involves two E7 molecules and two E6 molecules. In addition, fluorescence polarization showed that (I) E6 binds to E7 with a similar affinity for HPV16 and HPV31 (in the same micromolar range) and (II) that the binding interface involves the unstructured N-terminal region of E7. The direct interaction of these highly conserved papillomaviral oncoproteins may provide a new perspective for studying HPV-associated carcinogenesis and the overall viral life cycle.
Interactions and Survival of Enteric Viruses in Soil Materials
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1980

description: There were marked differences in the abilities of eight different soil materials to remove and retain viruses from settled sewage, but for each soil material the behavior of two different viruses, poliovirus type 1 and reovirus type 3, was often similar. Virus adsorption to soil materials was rapid, the majority occurring within 15 min. Clayey materials efficiently adsorbed both viruses from wastewater over a range of pH and total dissolved solids levels. Sands and organic soil materials were comparatively poor adsorbents, but in some cases their ability to adsorb viruses increased at low pH and with the addition of total dissolved solids or divalent cations. Viruses in suspensions of soil material in settled sewage survived for considerable time periods, despite microbial activity. In some cases virus survival was prolonged in suspensions of soil materials compared to soil-free controls. Although sandy and organic soil materials were poor virus adsorbents when suspended in wastewater, they gave >/=95% virus removal from intermittently applied wastewater as unsaturated, 10-cm-deep columns. However, considerable quantities of the retained viruses were washed from the columns by simulated rainfall. Under the same conditions, clayey soil material removed >/=99.9995% of the viruses from applied wastewater, and none were washed from the columns by simulated rainfall.