cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the Commonality of 10-30AU Sized Axisymmetric Dust Structures in Protoplanetary Disks
Creators: name: Zhang, Ke
name: Bergin, Edwin A.
name: Blake, Geoffrey A.
name: Cleeves, L. Ilsedore
name: Hogerheijde, Michiel
name: Salinas, Vachail
name: Schwarz, Kamber R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An unsolved problem in step-wise core-accretion planet formation is that rapid radial drift in gas-rich protoplanetary disks should drive mm-/meter-sized particles inward to the central star before large bodies can form. One promising solution is to confine solids within small scale structures. Here we investigate dust structures in the (sub)mm continuum emission of four disks (TW Hya, HL Tau, HD 163296 and DM Tau), a sample of disks with the highest spatial resolution ALMA observations to date. We retrieve the surface brightness distributions using synthesized images and fitting visibilities with analytical functions. We find that the continuum emission of the four disks is ~axi-symmetric but rich in 10-30AU-sized radial structures, possibly due to physical gaps, surface density enhancements or localized dust opacity variations within the disks. These results suggest that small scale axi-symmetric dust structures are likely to be common, as a result of ubiquitous processes in disk evolution and planet formation. Compared with recent spatially resolved observations of CO snowlines in these same disks, all four systems show enhanced continuum emission from regions just beyond the CO condensation fronts, potentially suggesting a causal relationship between dust growth/trapping and snowlines.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJL. included the Figure 1 data for download in the source file of arXiv
Moment of inertia -- compactness universal relations in scalar-tensor theories and $\mathcal{R}^2$ gravity
Creators: name: Staykov, Kalin V.
name: Doneva, Daniela D.
name: Yazadjiev, Stoytcho S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We are investigating universal relations between different normalisations of the moment of inertia and the compactness of neutron and strange stars. Slowly rotating as well as rapidly rotating models are studied in General Relativity, $\mathcal{R}^2$ gravity and scalar--tensor theories of gravity. Moment of inertia -- compactness relations are examined for different normalisations of the moment of inertia. It is shown that for all studied cases the deviations from EOS universality are small for the examined equations of state. It turns out that in some of the cases the examined relations are also theory independent to a good extent. Universality in relations between the maximum mass and the moment of inertia for some unstable models is also investigated.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables, typos corrected, comments and references added
Strain Control of Fermiology and Many-Body Interactions in Two-Dimensional Ruthenates
Creators: name: Burganov, B.
name: Adamo, C.
name: Mulder, A.
name: Uchida, M.
name: King, P. D. C.
name: Harter, J. W.
name: Shai, D. E.
name: Gibbs, A. S.
name: Mackenzie, A. P.
name: Uecker, R.
name: Bruetzam, M.
name: Beasley, M. R.
name: Fennie, C. J.
name: Schlom, D. G.
name: Shen, K. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we demonstrate how the Fermi surface topology and quantum many-body interactions can be manipulated via epitaxial strain in the spin-triplet superconductor Sr$_2$RuO$_4$ and its isoelectronic counterpart Ba$_2$RuO$_4$ using oxide molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), \emph{in situ} angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), and transport measurements. Near the topological transition of the $γ$ Fermi surface sheet, we observe clear signatures of critical fluctuations, while the quasiparticle mass enhancement is found to increase rapidly and monotonically with increasing Ru-O bond distance. Our work demonstrates the possibilities for using epitaxial strain as a disorder-free means of manipulating emergent properties, many-body interactions, and potentially the superconductivity in correlated materials.
Survey of near-infrared diffuse interstellar bands in $Y$ and $J$ bands. I. Newly identified bands
Creators: name: Hamano, Satoshi
name: Kobayashi, Naoto
name: Kawakita, Hideyo
name: Takenaka, Keiichi
name: Ikeda, Yuji
name: Matsunaga, Noriyuki
name: Kondo, Sohei
name: Sameshima, Hiroaki
name: Fukue, Kei
name: Otsubo, Shogo
name: Arai, Akira
name: Yasui, Chikako
name: Kobayashi, Hitomi
name: Bono, Giuseppe
name: Saviane, Ivo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We searched for diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) in the 0.91$<λ<$1.33 $μ$m region by analyzing the near-infrared (NIR) high-resolution ($R=20,000$ and 28,000) spectra of 31 reddened early-type stars ($0.04
description: 23 pages, 12 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal Supplement
Fifty years of Schallamach waves: From rubber friction to nanoscale fracture
Creators: name: Viswanathan, Koushik
name: Chandrasekar, Srinivasan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The question of how soft polymers slide against hard surfaces is of significant scientific interest, given its practical implications. Specifically, such sytems commonly show interesting stick-slip dynamics, wherein the interface moves intermittently despite uniform remote loading. \mt{The year 2021 marked the 50$^{th}$ anniversary of the publication of a seminal paper by Adolf Schallamach (\emph{Wear}, 1971)} that first revealed an intimate link between stick-slip and moving detachment waves, now called Schallamach waves. We place Schallamach's results in a broader context and review subsequent investigations of stick-slip, before discussing recent observations of solitary Schallamach waves. This variant is not observable in standard contacts so that a special cylindrical contact must be used to quantify its properties. The latter configuration also reveals the occurrence of a dual wave -- the so-called separation pulse -- that propagates in a direction opposite to Schallamach waves. We show how the dual wave and other, more general, Schallamach-type waves can be described using continuum theory, and provide pointers for future research. In the process, fundamental analogues of Schallamach-type waves emerge in nanoscale mechanics and interface fracture. The result is an on-going application of lessons learnt from Schallamach-type waves to better understand these latter phenomena.
description: 45 pages, 12 figures
Minkowski Functionals in Joint Galaxy Clustering & Weak Lensing Analyses
Creators: name: Grewal, Nisha
name: Zuntz, Joe
name: Tröster, Tilman
name: Amon, Alexandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the inclusion of clustering maps in a weak lensing Minkowski functional (MF) analysis of DES-like and LSST-like simulations to constrain cosmological parameters. The standard 3x2pt approach to lensing and clustering data uses two-point correlations as its primary statistic; MFs, morphological statistics describing the shape of matter fields, provide additional information for non-Gaussian fields. Previous analyses have studied MFs of lensing convergence maps; in this project we explore their simultaneous application to clustering maps. We employ a simplified linear galaxy bias model, and using a lognormal curved sky measurement and Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC) sampling process for parameter inference, we find that MFs do not yield any information in the $Ω_{\rm m}$ -- $σ_8$ plane not already generated by a 3x2pt analysis. However, we expect that MFs should improve constraining power when nonlinear baryonic and other small-scale effects are taken into account. As with a 3x2pt analysis, we find a significant improvement to constraints when adding clustering data to MF-only and MF$+C_\ell$ shear measurements, and strongly recommend future higher order statistics be measured from both convergence and clustering maps.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, version accepted by Open Journal of Astrophysics
Identification of a Nematic Pair Density Wave State in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x
Creators: name: Chen, Weijiong
name: Ren, Wangping
name: Kennedy, Niall
name: Hamidian, M. H.
name: Uchida, S.
name: Eisaki, H.
name: Johnson, Peter. D.
name: Mahony, Shane O
name: Davis, J. C. Seamus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron-pair density wave (PDW) states are now an intense focus of research in the field of cuprate correlated superconductivity. PDWs exhibit periodically modulating superconductive electron pairing which can be visualized directly using scanned Josephson tunneling microscopy (SJTM). Although from theory, intertwining the d-wave superconducting (DSC) and PDW order parameters allows a plethora of global electron-pair orders to appear, which one actually occurs in the various cuprates is unknown. Here we use SJTM to visualize the interplay of PDW and DSC states in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x at a carrier density where the charge density wave (CDW) modulations are virtually nonexistent. Simultaneous visualization of their amplitudes reveals that the intertwined PDW and DSC are mutually attractive states. Then, by separately imaging the electron-pair density modulations of the two orthogonal PDWs, we discover a robust nematic PDW state. Its spatial arrangement entails Ising domains of opposite nematicity, each consisting primarily of unidirectional and lattice commensurate electron-pair density modulations. Further, we demonstrate by direct imaging that the scattering resonances identifying Zn impurity atom sites occur predominantly within boundaries between these domains. This implies that the nematic PDW state is pinned by Zn atoms, as was recently proposed (Lozano et al, PHYSICAL REVIEW B 103, L020502 (2021)). Taken in combination, these data indicate that the PDW in Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x is a vestigial nematic pair density wave state (J. Wardh and M. Granath arXiv:2203.08250v1).
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Large cavitation bubbles in the tube with a conical-frustum shaped closed end during a transient process
Creators: name: Wang, Zhichao
name: Liu, Shuhong
name: Li, Bo
name: Zuo, Zhigang
name: Pan, Zhao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transient process accompanied by extreme acceleration in the conical sections of hydraulic systems (e.g., draft tube, diffuser) can induce large cavitation bubbles both at the closed ends and in the bulk liquid. The collapses of the large cavitation bubbles can cause severe damage to the solid walls. We conduct experiments in the tubes with different conical-frustum shaped closed ends with the `tube-arrest' method and observe bubbles generated at these two locations. For the bubbles generated at the close end of the tube, we propose the onset criteria, consisting of two universal non-dimensional parameters $Ca_1$ and $Ca_2$, of large cavitation bubbles separating the water column. We investigate their dynamics including the collapse time and speed. The results indicate that the larger the conical angle, the faster the bubbles collapse. For the bubbles generated in the bulk liquid, we numerically study the collapse time, the jet characteristics and the pressure pulse at bubble collapse. We observe a much stronger jet and pressure pulse of bubbles in tubes, comparing with a bubble near an infinite plate. Our results can provide guidance in the design and safe operation of hydraulic machinery with complex geometries, considering the cavitation during the transient process.
Steepening of the 820 micron continuum surface-brightness profile signals dust evolution in TW Hya's disk
Creators: name: Hogerheijde, Michiel R.
name: Bekkers, David
name: Pinilla, Paola
name: Salinas, Vachail N.
name: Kama, Mihkel
name: Andrews, Sean M.
name: Qi, Chunhua
name: Wilner, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Grain growth in planet-forming disks is the first step toward the formation of planets. The growth of grains and their inward drift leaves a distinct imprint on the dust surface-density distribution and the resulting surface-brightness profile of the thermal continuum emission. We determine the surface-brightness profile of the continuum emission using resolved observations at millimeter wavelengths of the disk around TW Hya, and infer the signature of dust evolution on the surface density and dust opacity. Archival ALMA observations at 820 micron on baselines up to 410 kilolambda are compared to parametrized disk models to determine the surface-brightness profile. Under the assumption of a constant dust opacity, a broken radial power law best describes the dust surface density, with a slope of -0.53 +/- 0.01 from the 4.1 au radius of the (already known) inner hole to a turn-over radius of 47.1 +/- 0.2 au, steepening to -8.0 +/- 0.1 at larger radii. The emission drops below the detection limit beyond ~60 au. The shape of the dust surface density is consistent with theoretical expectations for grain growth, fragmentation, and drift, but its total dust content and its turn-over radius are too large for TW Hya's age of 8-10 Myr even when taking into account a radially varying dust opacity. Higher resolution imaging with ALMA of TW Hya and other disks is required to establish if unseen gaps associated with, e.g., embedded planets trap grains at large radii or if locally enhanced grain growth associated with the CO snow line explains the extent of the millimeter-continuum surface brightness profile. In the latter case, population studies should reveal a correlation between the location of the CO snow line and the extent of the millimeter continuum. In the former case, and if CO freeze out promotes planet formation, this correlation should extend to the location of gaps as well.
description: (8 pages, 4 figures, accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysics)
Data stewardship in CRC 1280 "Extinction Learning": From policy to dedicated workflows in an institutional data management system
Creators: name: Pacharra, Marlene
name: Frenzel, Johannes
name: Schramm, Andreas
name: Otto, Tobias
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: research data management
collaborative research centre
interdisciplinary research
Hyrax
research data repository
data curation
neuroscience
open science
FAIR
application software

description: Slides of the presentation "Data stewardship in CRC 1280 Extinction Learning: From policy to dedicated workflows in an institutional data management system", given at the workshop "Data Stewardship goes Germany" in Dresden, Germany, on September 25, 2023. Abstract:  Data stewards of Collaborative Research Centers (CRCs) funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) support the establishment and operation of sustainable infrastructures for the management of research data and metadata in their CRC (Schwandt 2019). There exist clear technical challenges such as the resource-saving adaptation of existing infrastructure systems to discipline-specific requirements instead of the new development of systems from scratch. However, also organizational factors such as lack of access to researchers' needs, unclear roles and governance, and lack of acceptance in the CRC were identified as major problems for the success of information management (INF) projects in which data stewards are often embedded (Brand & Dierkes 2020; Engelhardt & Kusch 2021). To address these critical issues, many useful steps can be taken to engage researchers and thereby increase their commitment to research data management (RDM) as well as the usability of (further) developed and implemented infrastructure systems. Based on the experiences of the CRC 1280 “Extinction Learning” successful measures and processes were presented that can ideally be extended to other CRCs or even the broader research institution.
description: This work was funded by the German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG), SFB 1280 Extinction Learning (316803389—Project INF).
The double copy: Bremsstrahlung and accelerating black holes
Creators: name: Luna, Andres
name: Monteiro, Ricardo
name: Nicholson, Isobel
name: O'Connell, Donal
name: White, Chris D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Advances in our understanding of perturbation theory suggest the existence of a correspondence between classical general relativity and Yang-Mills theory. A concrete example of this correspondence, which is known as the double copy, was recently introduced for the case of stationary Kerr-Schild spacetimes. Building on this foundation, we examine the simple time-dependent case of an accelerating, radiating point source. The gravitational solution, which generalises the Schwarzschild solution, includes a non-trivial stress-energy tensor. This stress-energy tensor corresponds to a gauge theoretic current in the double copy. We interpret both of these sources as representing the radiative part of the field. Furthermore, in the simple example of Bremsstrahlung, we determine a scattering amplitude describing the radiation, maintaining the double copy throughout. Our results provide the strongest evidence yet that the classical double copy is directly related to the BCJ double copy for scattering amplitudes.
description: 24 pages, 2 figures
CLASSY V: The impact of aperture effects on the inferred nebular properties of local star-forming galaxies
Creators: name: Arellano-Córdova, Karla Z.
name: Mingozzi, Matilde
name: Berg, Danielle A.
name: James, Bethan L.
name: Rogers, Noah. S. J.
name: Aloisi, Alessandra
name: Amorín, Ricardo O.
name: Brinchmann, Jarle
name: Charlot, Stéphane
name: Chisholm, John
name: Heckman, Timothy
name: Dubón, Stefany Fabian
name: Hayes, Matthew
name: Hernandez, Svea
name: Jones, Tucker
name: Kumari, Nimisha
name: Leitherer, Claus
name: Martin, Crystal L.
name: Nanayakkara, Themiya
name: Pogge, Richard W.
name: Sanders, Ryan
name: Senchyna, Peter
name: Skillman, Evan D.
name: Stark, Dan P.
name: Wofford, Aida
name: Xu, Xinfeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong nebular emission lines are an important diagnostic tool for tracing the evolution of star-forming galaxies across cosmic time. However, different observational setups can affect these lines, and the derivation of the physical nebular properties. We analyze 12 local star-forming galaxies from the COS Legacy Spectroscopy SurveY (CLASSY) to assess the impact of using different aperture combinations on the determination of the physical conditions and gas-phase metallicity. We compare optical spectra observed with the SDSS aperture, which has a 3" of diameter similar to COS, to IFU and longslit spectra, including new LBT/MODS observations of five CLASSY galaxies. We calculate the reddening, electron densities and temperatures, metallicities, star formation rates, and equivalent widths (EWs). We find that measurements of the electron densities and temperatures, and metallicity remained roughly constant with aperture size, indicating that the gas conditions are relatively uniform for this sample. However, using the IFU observations of 3 galaxies, we find that the E(B-V) values derived from the Balmer ratios decrease ( by up to 53%) with increasing aperture size. The values change most significantly in the center of the galaxies, and level out near the COS aperture diameter of 2.5". We examine the relative contributions from the gas and stars using the H$α$ and [OIII] $λ$5007 EWs as a function of aperture light fraction, but find little to no variations within a given galaxy. These results imply that the optical spectra provide nebular properties appropriate for the FUV CLASSY spectra, even when narrow 1.0" long-slit observations are used.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Gauge Coupling Unification in Gauge-Higgs Grand Unification
Creators: name: Yamatsu, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss renormalization group equations for gauge coupling constants in gauge-Higgs grand unification on five-dimensional Randall-Sundrum warped space. We show that all the four-dimensional Standard Model gauge coupling constants are asymptotically free and are effectively unified in $SO(11)$ gauge-Higgs grand unified theories on 5D Randall-Sundrum warped space.
description: 17 pages, 9 tables, 7 figures
The morphology of CSCha circumbinary disk suggesting the existence of a Saturn-mass planet
Creators: name: Kurtovic, N. T.
name: Pinilla, P.
name: Penzlin, Anna B. T.
name: Benisty, M.
name: Pérez, L.
name: Ginski, C.
name: Isella, A.
name: Kley, W.
name: Menard, F.
name: Pérez, S.
name: Bayo, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Planets have been detected in circumbinary orbits in several different systems, despite the additional challenges faced during their formation in such an environment. We investigate the possibility of planetary formation in the spectroscopic binary CS Cha by analyzing its circumbinary disk. The system was studied with high angular resolution ALMA observations at 0.87mm. Visibilities modeling and Keplerian fitting are used to constrain the physical properties of CS Cha, and the observations were compared to hydrodynamic simulations. Our observations are able to resolve the disk cavity in the dust continuum emission and the 12CO J:3-2 transition. We find the dust continuum disk to be azimuthally axisymmetric (less than 9% of intensity variation along the ring) and of low eccentricity (of 0.039 at the peak brightness of the ring). Under certain conditions, low eccentricities can be achieved in simulated disks without the need of a planet, however, the combination of low eccentricity and axisymmetry is consistent with the presence of a Saturn-like planet orbiting near the edge of the cavity.
description: 18 pages, 13 figures, accepted in A&A. Watch a 3min summary by the first author in https://youtu.be/6j5ROSj2N-U
Optical spectroscopy of the Be/black hole binary MWC656 -- interaction of a black hole with a circumstellar disc
Creators: name: Zamanov, R. K.
name: Stoyanov, K. A.
name: Marchev, D.
name: Tomov, N. A.
name: Wolter, U.
name: Bode, M. F.
name: Nikolov, Y. M.
name: Stefanov, S. Y.
name: Kurtenkov, A.
name: Latev, G. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new spectroscopic observations of the Be/black hole binary MWC 656 obtained during the period 2015 - 2021. We measure the equivalent width of H$α$ (EW$_α$), H$β$ ($EW_β$), and the distance between the peaks of H$α$ ($ΔV_α$), H$β$ ($ΔV_β$), and FeII ($ΔV_{FeII}$) lines. Combining new and old data, we find that: - the density of the circumstellar disc of MWC 656 ($ΔV_α$ versus $EW_α$ diagram) is similar to the Be stars. For the Be stars we find the relation $ΔV_β= 0.999 ΔV_α+ 62.4$ km s$^{-1}$, and the position of MWC~656 corresponds to the average behaviour of the Be stars. This means that the presence of the black hole does not change the overall structure of the circumstellar disc. - the periodogram analysis indicates modulation of $EW_α$ with a period $60.4 \pm 0.4$ days, which is identical to the binary orbital period. The maxima of $EW_α$ and $EW_β$ are around periastron (phase zero). - around orbital phase zero, $ΔV_β$ and $ΔV_{FeII}$ decrease by about $30$ km s$^{-1}$. This suggests that we observe an increase of the circumstellar disc size induced by the periastron passage of the black hole and that the entire circumstellar disc pulsates with the orbital period with relative amplitude of 10-20%. The observations also indicate, that the reason for the black hole in MWC 656 to be in deep quiescence is a very low efficiency of accretion ($\sim 2 \times 10^{-6}$).
description: Accepted by Astronomische Nachrichten / Astronomical Notes
$T_{cc}^{+}(3875)$ relevant $DD^*$ scattering from $N_f=2$ lattice QCD
Creators: name: Chen, Siyang
name: Shi, Chunjiang
name: Chen, Ying
name: Gong, Ming
name: Liu, Zhaofeng
name: Sun, Wei
name: Zhang, Renqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $S$-wave $DD^*$ scattering in the isospin $I=0,1$ channels is studied in $N_f=2$ lattice QCD at $m_π\approx 350$ MeV. It is observed that the $DD^*$ interaction is repulsive in the $I=1$ channel when the $DD^*$ energy is near the $DD^*$ threshold. In contrast, the $DD^*$ interaction in the $I=0$ channel is definitely attractive in a wide range of the $DD^*$ energy. This is consistent with the isospin assignment $I=0$ for $T_{cc}^+(3875)$. By analyzing the components of the $DD^*$ correlation functions, it turns out that the quark diagram responsible for the different properties of $I=0,1$ $DD^*$ interactions can be understood as the charged $ρ$ meson exchange effect. This observation provides direct information on the internal dynamics of $T_{cc}^+(3875)$.
description: 12 pages, 14 figures, version to appear in Physics Letters B
Development of a mouse model of SBMA
Creators: name: McManamny., Patrick
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Essays on International Trade since 1790
Creators: name: Ivanovski, Kris
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The objective of this thesis explored the evolution of world trade over the last two centuries, between 1790-2013. The results highlight three important implications for international trade. First, economic development, transportation costs and commercial polices significantly contribute to the changing patterns in world trade. Second, the dissimilarities in cultural factors such as language and genetic ancestry as well as in political regimes have contributed to higher trade costs over time, thus inhibiting trade integration. Finally, the trade dynamics following episodes of financial instability severely depress international trade long after trade recovery, not only in recent times, but also throughout history.
Dissipative time evolution of a chiral state after a quantum quench
Creators: name: Wolff, Stefan
name: Sheikhan, Ameneh
name: Kollath, Corinna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dynamics of fermionic atoms in a high-finesse optical resonator after a sudden switch on of the coupling between the atoms and the cavity. The atoms are additionally confined by optical lattices to a ladder geometry. The tunneling mechanism on a rung of a ladder is induced by a cavity assisted Raman process. At long times after the quantum quench the arising steady state can carry a chiral current. In this work we employ exact diagonalization techniques on small system sizes to study the dissipative attractor dynamics after the quench towards the steady state and deviations of the properties of the steady state from predictions obtained by adiabatically eliminating the cavity mode.
Spin-driven jet feedback in idealised simulations of galaxy groups and clusters
Creators: name: Huško, Filip
name: Lacey, Cedric G.
name: Schaye, Joop
name: Schaller, Matthieu
name: Nobels, Folkert S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We implement a black hole spin evolution and jet feedback model into SWIFT, a smoothed particle hydrodynamics code. The jet power is determined self-consistently assuming Bondi accretion, using a realistic, spin-dependant efficiency. The jets are launched along the spin axis of the black hole, resulting in natural reorientation and precession. We apply the model to idealised simulations of galaxy groups and clusters, finding that jet feedback successfully quenches gas cooling and star formation in all systems. Our group-size halo ($M_\mathrm{200}=10^{13}$ $\mathrm{M}_\odot$) is quenched by a strong jet episode triggered by a cooling flow, and it is kept quenched by a low-power jet fed from hot halo accretion. In more massive systems ($M_\mathrm{200}\geq 10^{14}$ $\mathrm{M}_\odot$), hot halo accretion is insufficient to quench the galaxies, or to keep them quenched after the first cooling episode. These galaxies experience multiple episodes of gas cooling, star formation and jet feedback. In the most massive galaxy cluster that we simulate ($M_\mathrm{200}=10^{15}$ $\mathrm{M}_\odot$), we find peak cold gas masses of $10^{10}$ $\mathrm{M}_\odot$ and peak star formation rates of a few times $100$ $\mathrm{M}_\odot\mathrm{yr}^{-1}$. These values are achieved during strong cooling flows, which also trigger the strongest jets with peak powers of $10^{47}$ $\mathrm{erg}\hspace{0.3mm}\mathrm{s}^{-1}$. These jets subsequently shut off the cooling flows and any associated star formation. Jet-inflated bubbles draw out low-entropy gas that subsequently forms dense cooling filaments in their wakes, as seen in observations.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Spatially-resolved NUV-r color of local star-forming galaxies and clues for quenching
Creators: name: Pan, Zhizheng
name: Zheng, Xianzhong
name: Lin, Weipeng
name: Li, Jinrong
name: Wang, Jing
name: Fan, Lulu
name: Kong, Xu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a sample of ~6,000 local face-on star-forming galaxies (SFGs), we examine the correlations between the NUV-r colors both inside and outside the half-light radius, stellar mass M* and Sérsic index n in order to understand how the quenching of star formation is linked to galaxy structure. For these less dust-attenuated galaxies, NUV-r is found to be linearly correlated with Dn4000, supporting that NUV-r is a good photometric indicator of stellar age (or specific star formation rate). We find that: (1) At M*<10^{10.2}M_{\sun}, the central NUV-r is on average only~ 0.25 mag redder than the outer NUV-r. The intrinsic value would be even smaller after accounting for dust correction. However, the central NUV-r becomes systematically much redder than the outer NUV-r for more massive galaxies at M*>10^{10.2}M_{\sun}. (2) The central NUV-r shows no dependence on Sérsic index n at M*<10^{10.2}M_{\sun}, while above this mass galaxies with a higher n tend to be redder in the central NUV-r color. These results suggest that galaxies with M*<10^{10.2}M_{\sun} exhibit similar star formation activity from the inner RR_{50} region. In contrast, a considerable fraction of the M*>10^{10.2}M_{\sun} galaxies, especially those with a high n, have harbored a relatively inactive bulge component.
description: ApJ accepted, 9 pages, 10 figures
Agência do corpo drag na desconstrução das acepções de corpo, gênero e sexo
Creators: name: Bezerra, Pedro Henrique Almeida
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 441010
subject: Sociology of gender

description: As drag queens tem cada vez mais aparecido em programas de televisão e em filmes, tem lançado suas próprias músicas e engrenado seu próprio ritmo. O aparecimento da drag queen cada vez mais próximo dos mainstream tem proporcionado uma maior visibilidade a esses artistas. Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar de que forma o corpo drag coloca ou não em cheque os padrões de corpo, gênero e sexualidade. Parte das reflexões de teóricos como Marcel Mauss (2003) e Judith Butler (2003) para pensar o corpo, assim como para pensar sua condição não natural e socialmente construída. Já Esteban Muñoz (1999) concede argumentos sobre a higienização que o corpo drag sofre para aparecer no mainstream como um produto comercializável. As experiências de pesquisa etnográfica foram feitas na cidade de Fortaleza – CE vem para ajudar a identificar os polos e tendências que a prática drag assume na cidade e de que forma as drags subvertem ou reiteram as práticas sociais hegemônicas. O artigo concluiu que as drags estão em um território limítrofe de identificação e des-identificação constante com as normas, por vezes as reiterando e por vezes as subvertendo.
Role of excited states in Shockley-Read-Hall recombination in wide-band-gap semiconductors
Creators: name: Alkauskas, Audrius
name: Dreyer, Cyrus E.
name: Lyons, John L.
name: Van de Walle, Chris G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Defect-assisted recombination is an important limitation on efficiency of optoelectronic devices. However, since nonradiative capture rates decrease exponentially with energy of the transition, the mechanisms by which such recombination can take place in wide-band-gap materials are unclear. Using electronic structure calculations we uncover the crucial role of electronic excited states in nonradiative recombination processes. The impact is elucidated with examples for the group-III nitrides, for which accumulating experimental evidence indicates that defect-assisted recombination limits efficiency. Our work provides new insights into the physics of nonradiative recombination, and the mechanisms are suggested to be ubiquitous in wide-band-gap semiconductors.
The halo around HD 32297: $μ$m-sized cometary dust
Creators: name: Olofsson, Johan
name: Thébault, Philippe
name: Kennedy, Grant M.
name: Bayo, Amelia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical properties of the second generation dust that we observe in debris disks remain quite elusive, whether it is the absorption efficiencies at millimeter wavelengths or the (un)polarized phase function at near-infrared wavelengths. Thankfully the same particles are experiencing forces that are size dependent (e.g., radiation pressure), and with high angular resolution observations we can take advantage of this natural spatial segregation. Observations at different wavelengths probe different ranges of sizes, and there is therefore a great synergy in multi-wavelength observations to better constrain the optical properties of the particles. We present a new approach to simultaneously model SPHERE and ALMA observations and apply it to the debris disk around HD\,32297, putting the emphasis on the spatial distribution of the grains with different $β$ values. This modeling approach requires few assumptions on the actual sizes of the particles and the interpretation can therefore be done a posteriori. We find that the ALMA observations are best reproduced with a combination of small and large $β$ values ($0.03$ and $0.42$) while the SPHERE observations require several intervals of $β$ values. We discuss the nature of the halo previously reported in ALMA observations, and hypothesize it could be caused by over-abundant $μ$m-sized particles (the over-abundance being the consequence of their extended lifetime). We model the polarized phase function at near-infrared wavelengths and fluffy aggregates larger than a few $μ$m provide the best solution. Comparing our results with comets of the solar system, we postulate that the particles released in the disk originate from rather pristine cometary bodies (to avoid compaction of the fluffy aggregates) and are then set on highly eccentric orbits, which could explain the halo detected at long wavelengths.
description: Accepted in A&A, 12 pages, 5 figures
The role of initial state and final quench temperature on the aging properties in phase-ordering kinetics
Creators: name: Corberi, Federico
name: Villavicencio-Sanchez, Rodrigo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study numerically the two-dimensional Ising model with non-conserved dynamics quenched from an initial equilibrium state at the temperature $T_i\ge T_c$ to a final temperature $T_f$ below the critical one. By considering processes initiating both from a disordered state at infinite temperature $T_i=\infty$ and from the critical configurations at $T_i=T_c$ and spanning the range of final temperatures $T_f\in [0,T_c[$ we elucidate the role played by $T_i$ and $T_f$ on the aging properties and, in particular, on the behavior of the autocorrelation $C$ and of the integrated response function $χ$. Our results show that for any choice of $T_f$, while the autocorrelation function exponent $λ_C$ takes a markedly different value for $T_i=\infty$ [$λ_C(T_i=\infty)\simeq 5/4$] or $T_i=T_c$ [$λ_C(T_i=T_c)\simeq 1/8$] the response function exponents are unchanged. Supported by the outcome of the analytical solution of the solvable spherical model we interpret this fact as due to the different contributions provided to autocorrelation and response by the large-scale properties of the system. As changing $T_f$ is considered, although this is expected to play no role in the large-scale/long-time properties of the system, we show important effects on the quantitative behavior of $χ$. In particular, data for quenches to $T_f=0$ are consistent with a value of the response function exponent $λ_χ=\frac{1}{2}λ_C(T_i=\infty)=5/8$ different from the one [$λ_χ\in (0.5-0.56)$] found in a wealth of previous numerical determinations in quenches to finite final temperatures. This is interpreted as due to important pre-asymptotic corrections associated to $T_f>0$.
description: 25 pages, 15 figures. To appear on Phys. Rev. E
The effect of the enhanced cognitive interview on recall and confidence in elderly adults
Creators: name: McMahon., Marilyn
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Magnetic memory and spontaneous vortices in a van der Waals superconductor
Creators: name: Persky, Eylon
name: Bjørlig, Anders V.
name: Feldman, Irena
name: Almoalem, Avior
name: Altman, Ehud
name: Berg, Erez
name: Kimchi, Itamar
name: Ruhman, Jonathan
name: Kanigel, Amit
name: Kalisky, Beena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Doped Mott insulators exhibit some of the most intriguing quantum phases of matter, including quantum spin-liquids, unconventional superconductors, and non-Fermi liquid metals. Such phases often arise when itinerant electrons are close to a Mott insulating state, and thus experience strong spatial correlations. Proximity between different layers of van der Waals heterostructures naturally realizes a platform for experimentally studying the relationship between localized, correlated electrons and itinerant electrons. Here, we explore this relationship by studying the magnetic landscape of 4Hb-TaS2, which realizes an alternate stack of a candidate spin liquid and a superconductor. We report on a spontaneous vortex phase whose vortex density can be trained in the normal state. We show that time reversal symmetry is broken above Tc, indicating the presence of a magnetic phase independent of the superconductor. Strikingly, this phase does not generate detectable magnetic signals. We use scanning superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) microscopy to show that it is incompatible with ferromagnetic ordering. The discovery of this new form of hidden magnetism illustrates how combining superconductivity with a strongly correlated system can lead to new, unexpected physics.
Biotechnological tools based lithospheric management of toxic Pyrethroid pesticides: a critical evaluation
Creators: name: Naeem, Hamna
name: Ahmad, Khuram Shahzad
name: Jaffri, Shaan Bibi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: In the previous decades, the natural deposits of Pyrethroids (PYs) have massively expanded because of extensive applications. Increasingly more PYs stay in the environment constitute serious lethality to humans, plants and animals. An expansion in risky contamination into the environ causes issues. In the present situation, contamination of soil is one of the worldwide issue. Soil health is an integrative property of soil that supports agricultural sustainability. Carbon regulation in soil plays a major role in climate change in the soil system. Various remediation technologies including oxidation, photo degradation, adsorption, and bacterial degradation are used but bacterial degradation has developed as an economical, natural, feasible methodology which can re-establish the sullied soil with the assistance of microorganisms that make bioremediation an eco-sustainable technology for environmental management. This review aims the significant procedures engaged with upgrading bioremediation and current advances in micro-organisms related bioremediation. It also sums up the present information in regards to PYs-debasing microorganisms alongside biodegradation components, metabolic pathways, and the microbial remediation of PYs–sullied environs. Abundant PY-debasing microorganism has been detached, but there is a great deal of work to accomplish for the application in bio-remediation of PYs-tainted environs. An integrated sustainable approach linked with soil health may contribute a significant resilience under adverse conditions. The effect of the pesticides on soil wellbeing is as yet a present and significant issue, which requires steady checking.
Neural Network Normal Estimation and Bathymetry Reconstruction from Sidescan Sonar
Creators: name: Xie, Yiping
name: Bore, Nils
name: Folkesson, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Sidescan sonar intensity encodes information about the changes of surface normal of the seabed. However, other factors such as seabed geometry as well as its material composition also affect the return intensity. One can model these intensity changes in a forward direction from the surface normals from bathymetric map and physical properties to the measured intensity or alternatively one can use an inverse model which starts from the intensities and models the surface normals. Here we use an inverse model which leverages deep learning's ability to learn from data; a convolutional neural network is used to estimate the surface normal from the sidescan. Thus the internal properties of the seabed are only implicitly learned. Once this information is estimated, a bathymetric map can be reconstructed through an optimization framework that also includes altimeter readings to provide a sparse depth profile as a constraint. Implicit neural representation learning was recently proposed to represent the bathymetric map in such an optimization framework. In this article, we use a neural network to represent the map and optimize it under constraints of altimeter points and estimated surface normal from sidescan. By fusing multiple observations from different angles from several sidescan lines, the estimated results are improved through optimization. We demonstrate the efficiency and scalability of the approach by reconstructing a high-quality bathymetry using sidescan data from a large sidescan survey. We compare the proposed data-driven inverse model approach of modeling a sidescan with a forward Lambertian model. We assess the quality of each reconstruction by comparing it with data constructed from a multibeam sensor.
Floquet theorem for open systems and its applications
Creators: name: Dai, C. M.
name: Shi, Z. C.
name: Yi, X. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a closed system with periodic driving, Floquet theorem tells that the time evolution operator can be written as $ U(t,0)\equiv P(t)e^{\frac{-i}{\hbar}H_F t}$ with $P(t+T)=P(t)$, and $H_F$ is Hermitian and time-independent called Floquet Hamiltonian. In this work, we extend the Floquet theorem from closed systems to open systems described by a Lindblad master equation that is periodic in time. Lindbladian expansion in powers of $\frac 1 ω$ is derived, where $ω$ is the driving frequency. Two examples are presented to illustrate the theory. We find that appropriate trace preserving time-independent Lindbladian of such a periodically driven system can be constructed by the application of open system Floquet theory, and it agrees well with the exact dynamics in the high frequency limit.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Quantum scattering theory of Fock states in high-dimensional spaces
Creators: name: Liu, Jingfeng
name: Zhou, Ming
name: Yu, Zongfu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quantum scattering theory is developed for Fock states scattered by two-level systems in the free space. Compared to existing scattering theories that treat incident light semi-classically, the theory fully quantizes the incident light as Fock states. This non-perturbative method provides exact scattering matrix.