cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
General form of the tunnelling barrier for nanometrically sharp electron emitters
Creators: name: Kyritsakis, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Field electron emission from nanometer-scale objects deviates from the predictions of the classical emission theory as both the electrostatic potential curves within the tunneling region and the image potential deviates from the planar one. This impels the inclusion of additional correction terms in the potential barrier. At the apex of a tip-like rotationally symmetric surface, these terms are proportional to the (single) local emitter curvature. The present paper generalizes this relation, showing that for any emitter geometry, the coefficient of the correction terms is given by the mean curvature, i.e. the average of the two principal curvatures.
title: Acquisition of compentences in computed tomography in Bachelor `s degree program Radiological technology at University of applied Studies FH Campus Vienna
Creators: name: Schwarzmüller-Erber, Gabriele
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Radiographers
subject: CT
subject: Education
subject: Education and training

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Computed tomography (CT) is an essential modality in radiology. Theoretical inputs and practical in-house training in CT, followed by clinical internship are part of the radiological technology bachelor `s degree program. A special modular lecture...
title: Ligamentum teres Syndrome: A commonly missed entity!
Creators: name: Esmayil, Hiba
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Motility
subject: Hyperplasia / Hypertrophy
subject: Education and training
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Education
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Bones
subject: Anatomy

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Ligamentum teres syndrome (LTS) is a rare clinical disorder presenting with non-specific hip pain and limping in middle-aged adults. Various pathologies related to the ligamentum teres (LT)in the form of hypertrophy, tear, neoplasm and LTShave been...
title: Measurement of Z-boson production and luminosity monitoring using 5.02 TeV and 13 TeV ATLAS Run-2 pp collision data
Creators: name: Lyons, Harry
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2022

description: Two analyses involving Drell-Yan production using ATLAS Run-2 pp collision data are presented. First, the monitoring of luminosity at 60 second granularity using the Z-counting method is presented. This involves the selection of Z→ee and Z→µµ events combined with data-driven efficiency calculations and pileup dependent corrections from Monte Carlo. Comparisons of luminosity estimates are performed using the full Run-2 dataset from 2015-2018, where internal consistency is shown between of Z→ee and Z→µµ methods and year-dependent trends of size 1% are shown between Z-counting and the baseline ATLAS luminosity measurement. An additional study is performed to quantify statistical bias in the Z-counting methodology, which is observed to be negligible for most Run-2 conditions but can be as large as 2% when the instantaneous luminosity is low. Second, the measurement of a triple-differential Drell-Yan cross-section in mll, yll and cos(θCS) is presented. These measurements use the special low-µ runs from 2017 and 2018, constituting 256.8 pb-1 at √s = 5:02 TeV and 335.2 pb-1 at √s = 13 TeV. This includes the derivation of muon trigger efficiency scale factors, the estimation of multijet background contribution and the implementation of an unfolding procedure. The unfolded differential cross-sections are shown to be statistically limited in most analysis bins, and the inclusive fiducial cross-sections are shown to be limited by the luminosity uncertainty in the central-mass region.
Essential oils from the leaves and flowers of Leucophyllum frutescens (Scrophulariaceae): phytochemical analysis and inhibitory effects against elastase and collagenase in vitro
Creators: name: Thabet, Amany A.
name: Ayoub, Iriny M.
name: Youssef, Fadia S.
name: Sayed, Eman Al
name: Singab, Abdel Nasser B.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Leucophyllum frutescens (Scrophulariaceae) is a medicinal plant of Mexican traditional medicine. The aim of this study was to analyse the volatile components from the leaves and flowers by GC/MS and to assess their anti-aging activity for the first time. A total of 30 compounds were identified where 1-octen-3-ol (73.56%) and D-limonene (11.12%) represented the major ingredients in the leaves, while n-heneicosane (32.30%) and dehydroepingaione (15.15%) were the major components in the flowers. In vitro anti-aging activity was measured via assessing collagenase and elastase inhibition. Essential oils from the leaves and flowers showed potential collagenase inhibitory activity with IC50 of 55.7 and 47.4 µg/mL. However, the oils from the leaves and flowers showed moderate anti-elastase activity with IC50 of 60.8 and 97.7 µg/mL. Therefore, the oil of Leucophyllum frutescens could afford a promising natural anti-aging drug.
title: Corpus callosum MRI semiquantitative analysis in children with clinically significant delay in cognitive development
Creators: name: Dryga, Dariya
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Paediatric
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Anatomy
subject: MR
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Developmental disease

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Today MRI neuroimaging is a standard tool in diagnostics, morphometric brain measurements and long-term tracking of neurodevelopmental outcomes in children with clinical signs of cognitive and developmental delay (DD). The corpus callosum (CC) is...
Non-relativistic limit of scalar and Dirac fields in curved spacetime
Creators: name: Falcone, Riccardo
name: Conti, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give from first principles the non-relativistic limit of scalar and Dirac fields in curved spacetime. We aim to find general relativistic corrections to the quantum theory of particles affected by Newtonian gravity, a regime nowadays experimentally accessible. We believe that the ever-improving measurement accuracy and the theoretical interest in finding general relativistic effects in quantum systems require the introduction of corrections to the Schrödinger-Newtonian theory. We rigorously determine these corrections by the non-relativistic limit of fully relativistic quantum theories in curved spacetime. For curved static spacetimes, we show how a non-inertial observer (equivalently, an observer in the presence of a gravitational field) can distinguish a scalar field from a Dirac field by particle-gravity interaction. We study the Rindler spacetime and discuss the difference between the resulting non-relativistic Hamiltonians. We find that for sufficiently large acceleration, the gravity-spin coupling dominates over the corrections for scalar fields, promoting Dirac particles as the best candidates for observing non-Newtonian gravity in quantum particle phenomenology.
title: Various Iterative Reconstruction Techniques in Chest CT: Impact for Interstitial Lung Disease under Low-dose Condition
Creators: name: Chung, Myungjin
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Perception image
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: CT
subject: Thorax
subject: Lung
subject: Connective tissue disorders
subject: Dosimetric comparison

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: High resolution CT (HRCT) has key role for the patients with diffuse interstitial lung disease (ILD), not only at initial diagnosis but also serial follow up during patients’ life expectancy. From patients' perspective, repeated CT exams increase...
Signal Attenuation Curve for Different Surface Detector Arrays
Creators: name: Vicha, J.
name: Travnicek, P.
name: Nosek, D.
name: Ebr, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modern cosmic ray experiments consisting of large array of particle detectors measure the signals of electromagnetic or muon components or their combination. The correction for an amount of atmosphere passed is applied to the surface detector signal before its conversion to the shower energy. Either Monte Carlo based approach assuming certain composition of primaries or indirect estimation using real data and assuming isotropy of arrival directions can be used. Toy surface arrays of different sensitivities to electromagnetic and muon components are assumed in MC simulations to study effects imposed on attenuation curves for varying composition or possible high energy anisotropy. The possible sensitivity of the attenuation curve to the mass composition is also tested for different array types focusing on a future apparatus that can separate muon and electromagnetic component signals.
description: Proceedings of the 14th ICATPP Conference
The dynamics of inextensible capsules in shear flow under the effect of the nature state
Creators: name: Niu, Xiting
name: Shi, Lingling
name: Pan, Tsorng-Whay
name: Glowinski, Roland
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of the nature state on the motion of an inextensible capsule in simple shear flow has been studied in this paper. Besides the viscosity ratio of the internal fluid and external fluid of the capsule, the nature state effect also plays a role for having the transition between two well known motions, tumbling and tank-treading (TT) with the long axis oscillating about a fixed inclination angle (a swinging mode), when varying the shear rate. The intermittent region between tumbling and TT with a swinging mode of the capsule with a biconcave rest shape has been obtained in a narrow range of the capillary number. In such region, the dynamics of the capsule is a mixture of tumbling and TT with a swinging mode; when having the tumbling motion, the membrane tank-tread backward and forward within a small range. As the capillary number is very close to and below the threshold for the pure TT with a swinging mode, the capsule tumbles once after several TT periods in each cycle. The number of TT periods in one cycle decreases with respect to the decreasing of the capillary number, until the capsule has one tumble and one TT period alternatively and such alternating motion exists over a range of the capillary number; and then the capsule performs more tumbling between two consecutive TT periods when reducing the capillary number further, and finally shows pure tumbling. The critical value of the swelling ratio for having the intermittent region has been estimated.
Controlled Growth of a Line Defect in Graphene and Implications for Gate-Tunable Valley Filtering
Creators: name: Chen, J. -H.
name: Autès, G.
name: Alem, N.
name: Gargiulo, F.
name: Gautam, A.
name: Linck, M.
name: Kisielowski, C.
name: Yazyev, O. V.
name: Louie, S. G.
name: Zettl, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atomically precise tailoring of graphene can enable unusual transport pathways and new nanometer-scale functional devices. Here we describe a recipe for the controlled production of highly regular "5-5-8" line defects in graphene by means of simultaneous electron irradiation and Joule heating by applied electric current. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy reveals individual steps of the growth process. Extending earlier theoretical work suggesting valley-discriminating capabilities of a graphene 5-5-8 line defect, we perform first-principles calculations of transport and find a strong energy dependence of valley polarization of the charge carriers across the defect. These findings inspire us to propose a compact electrostatically gated "valley valve" device, a critical component for valleytronics.
Chemical composition, in vitro cytotoxic and anticholinesterase activities of flower extracts of Senna spectabilis var. excelsa and Senna macranthera
Creators: name: Franca, Maria G. A.
name: Pessoa, Cláudia O.
name: Trevisan, Maria T. S.
name: Paiva, Cristiane F.
name: Lima, Daniele R.
name: Sousa, Anderson F.
name: Oliveira, Fátima C. E.
name: Cavalheiro, Alberto J.
name: Silva, Maria G. V.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this study, we investigated the phenolic and antioxidant content, cytotoxic, and anticholinesterase activities of flower extracts of Senna spectabilis var. excelsa and Senna macranthera. The antioxidant activities performed by the DPPH and ABTS methods showed that the extracts possess good antioxidant activity, with emphasis on the S. macranthera extract, which obtained results very similar to the rutin pattern. In the evaluation of the cytotoxic activity, the species S. spectabilis var. excelsa presented expressive cytotoxicity against the cellular lines PC3 and HL60 with IC50 values 21.08 and 31.37 μg mL−1, respectively. The results of anticholinesterase activity showed that both the plants induced enzyme inhibition, reaching 14 mm of inhibition in the case of S. spectabilis var. excelsa. The good results obtained in this work may be related to the presence of compounds such as apigenin-7-apioglucoside, quercetin 3,4'-diglucoside, cassine and spectaline identified in the extracts in our previous work.
Concerning Classical Forces, Energies, and Potentials for Accelerated Point Charges
Creators: name: Boyer, Timothy H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although the expressions for energy densities involving electric and magnetic fields are exactly analogous, the connections to forces and electromagnetic potentials are vastly different. For electrostatic situations, the changes in the \textit{electric} energy can be related directly to \textit{electric} forces and to the electrostatic potential. The situation involving magnetic forces and energy changes involves two fundamentally different situations. For charged particles moving with constant velocities, the changes in both electric and magnetic field energies are provided by the external forces that keep the particles' velocities constant; there are no Faraday acceleration electric fields in this situation. However, for particles that change speed, the changes in \textit{magnetic} energy density are related to acceleration-dependent Faraday \textit{electric} fields. Current undergraduate and graduate textbooks deal only with highly symmetric situations where the Faraday electric fields are easily calculated from the time-changing magnetic flux. However, in situations that lack high symmetry, such as the magnetic Aharonov-Bohm situation, the back (Faraday) acceleration electric fields of point charges seem unfamiliar. In this article, we present a simple unsymmetric example and analyze it using the Darwin Lagrangian. In \textit{all} cases involving changing velocities of the current carriers, it is the work done by the back (Faraday) acceleration \textit{electric} fields that balances the \textit{magnetic} energy changes.
description: 15 pages
Analysis of the magnetic field, force, and torque for two-dimensional Halbach cylinders
Creators: name: Bjørk, R.
name: Bahl, C. R. H.
name: Smith, A.
name: Pryds, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Halbach cylinder is a construction of permanent magnets used in applications such as nuclear magnetic resonance apparatus, accelerator magnets and magnetic cooling devices. In this paper the analytical expression for the magnetic vector potential, magnetic flux density and magnetic field for a two dimensional Halbach cylinder are derived. The remanent flux density of a Halbach magnet is characterized by the integer $p$. For a number of applications the force and torque between two concentric Halbach cylinders are important. These quantities are calculated and the force is shown to be zero except for the case where $p$ for the inner magnet is one minus $p$ for the outer magnet. Also the force is shown never to be balancing. The torque is shown to be zero unless the inner magnet $p$ is equal to minus the outer magnet $p$. Thus there can never be a force and a torque in the same system.
A Unified Hard-Constraint Framework for Solving Geometrically Complex PDEs
Creators: name: Liu, Songming
name: Hao, Zhongkai
name: Ying, Chengyang
name: Su, Hang
name: Zhu, Jun
name: Cheng, Ze
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a unified hard-constraint framework for solving geometrically complex PDEs with neural networks, where the most commonly used Dirichlet, Neumann, and Robin boundary conditions (BCs) are considered. Specifically, we first introduce the "extra fields" from the mixed finite element method to reformulate the PDEs so as to equivalently transform the three types of BCs into linear equations. Based on the reformulation, we derive the general solutions of the BCs analytically, which are employed to construct an ansatz that automatically satisfies the BCs. With such a framework, we can train the neural networks without adding extra loss terms and thus efficiently handle geometrically complex PDEs, alleviating the unbalanced competition between the loss terms corresponding to the BCs and PDEs. We theoretically demonstrate that the "extra fields" can stabilize the training process. Experimental results on real-world geometrically complex PDEs showcase the effectiveness of our method compared with state-of-the-art baselines.
description: NeurIPS 2022
title: “A stab in the dark”
Creators: name: Jenkins, Carys
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Trauma
subject: Acute
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: CT
subject: Trauma
subject: Thorax
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To illustrate the common and more unusual patterns of penetrating trauma secondary to stab injuries. To review initial imaging findingsas well asdelayed complications and key features not to miss. To illustrate the role of CT in the management of...
Unveiling the Nature of an X-ray flare from 3XMM J014528.9+610729: A candidate spiral galaxy
Creators: name: Bhatt, Himali
name: Bhattacharyya, Subir
name: Bhatt, Nilay
name: Pandey, J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an X-ray flare from 3XMM J014528.9+610729, serendipitously detected during the observation of the open star cluster NGC 663. The colour-colour space technique using optical and infrared data reveals the X-ray source as a candidate spiral galaxy. The flare shows fast rise and exponential decay shape with a ratio of the peak and the quiescent count rates of $\sim$60 and duration of $\sim$5.4 ks. The spectrum during the flaring state is well fitted with a combination of thermal ({\sc Apec}) model with a plasma temperature of $\rm{1.3\pm0.1}$ keV and non-thermal ({\sc Power-law}) model with power-law index of $\rm{1.9\pm0.2}$. However, no firm conclusion can be made for the spectrum during the quiescent state. The temporal behavior, plasma temperature and spectral evolution during flare suggest that the flare from 3XMM J014528.9+610729 can not be associated with tidal disruption events.
description: 14 pages; 6 figures; 3 figures in supplementary material; Accepted for publication in MNRAS
On the Almkvist-Meurman theorem for Bernoulli polynomials
Creators: name: Gessel, Ira M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11B68 (Primary) 05A15 (Secondary)

description: Almkvist and Meurman showed that if h and k are integers, then so is $k^n(B_n(h/k) - B_n)$ where $B_n(u)$ is the Bernoulli polynomial. We give here a new and simpler proof of the Almkvist-Meurman theorem using generating functions. We describe some properties of these numbers and prove a common generalization of the Almkvist-Meurman theorem and a result of Gy on Bernoulli-Stirling numbers. We then give a simple generating function proof of an analogue of the Almkvist-Meurman theorem for Euler polynomials, due to Fox.
description: 8 pages
Very high energy $γ$-ray emission from RBS 0679
Creators: name: Brown, Anthony M.
name: Chadwick, Paula M.
name: Landt, Hermine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we report the \textit{Fermi} Large Area Telescope (LAT) detection of Very High Energy (VHE; $E_γ>100$ GeV) $γ$-ray emission from the BL Lac object RBS 0679. $5.3$ years of LAT observations revealed the presence of three VHE photon events within 0.1 degrees of RBS 0679, with a subsequent unbinned likelihood analysis finding RBS 0679 to be a source of VHE photons at $6.9$ standard deviations ($σ$). An unbinned likelihood analysis of the $0.1-100$ GeV data, binned in 28-day periods, finds both the flux and spectral index to be variable, with a `softer-when-brighter' trend in the global $γ$-ray characteristics. On the other hand, the 28-day periods in which the VHE photons were detected have spectral indices that are consistent with the $5.3$ year average suggesting that the observed VHE emission is not associated with a spectral hardening event. The discovery of RBS 0679 in the $100-300$ GeV energy range, combined with the non-detection above 390 GeV with the H.E.S.S. telescope array, suggest RBS 0679 to be an intriguing source that requires further follow-up observations with ground-based $γ$-ray observatories.
description: accepted for publication in MNRAS, 6 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1404.3583
BK-MI-197: Spatial Computing in Architectural Design, Computational Design Studio (BK-7083)
Creators: name: Nourian, Pirouz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 120101 Architectural Design
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: 120304 Digital and Interaction Design
subject: 120302 Design Innovation
subject: 120403 Engineering Design Methods
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: Spatial Computing (BK-MI-197, 15 ECTS) is offered as a minor degree programme at TU Delft consisting of a computational design studio (BK7083, 9 ECTS) and a computational simulations course (BK7084 6 ECTS). The goal of this studio (BK7083) is to introduce a participatory generative approach to architectural design. In doing so, the course also introduces basic mathematical and computational skills, especially in geometry, topology and graph theory (spatial mathematics), which are necessary for systematic analysis, synthesis, simulation, decision-making, and optimization in architectural design. We propose generative design as a feed-forward way of designing in which the form is systematically derived from functional requirements. The goal of this studio is not to make a building in a ‘parametric style’, but to learn how to develop computational design workflows. Therefore, the focal points of attention in the course are gamification, programming, and mathematics for participatory generative design. Thus, the primary deliverable will be a demonstration of an operational workflow showing the transformation of a site, a program of requirements, key performance indicators, and the preferences of the prospective inhabitants into a building.
McCammond's normal forms for free aperiodic semigroups revisited
Creators: name: Almeida, Jorge
name: Costa, José Carlos
name: Zeitoun, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper revisits the solution of the word problem for $ω$-terms interpreted over finite aperiodic semigroups, obtained by J. McCammond. The original proof of correctness of McCammond's algorithm, based on normal forms for such terms, uses McCammond's solution of the word problem for certain Burnside semigroups. In this paper, we establish a new, simpler, correctness proof of McCammond's algorithm, based on properties of certain regular languages associated with the normal forms. This method leads to new applications.
Light emission from strongly driven many-body systems
Creators: name: Pizzi, Andrea
name: Gorlach, Alexey
name: Rivera, Nicholas
name: Nunnenkamp, Andreas
name: Kaminer, Ido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strongly driven systems of emitters offer an attractive source of light over broad spectral ranges up to the X-ray region. A key limitation of these systems is that the light they emit is for the most part classical. We challenge this paradigm by building a quantum-optical theory of strongly driven many-body systems, showing that the presence of correlations among the emitters creates emission of nonclassical many-photon states of light. We consider the example of high-harmonic generation (HHG), by which a strongly driven system emits photons at integer multiples of the drive frequency. In the conventional case of uncorrelated emitters, the harmonics are in an almost perfectly multi-mode coherent state lacking any correlation between harmonics. By contrast, a correlation of the emitters prior to the strong drive is converted onto nonclassical features of the output light, including doubly-peaked photon statistics, ring-shaped Wigner functions, and quantum correlations between harmonics. We propose schemes for implementing these concepts, creating the correlations between emitters via an interaction between them or their joint interaction with the background electromagnetic field (as in superradiance). By tuning the time at which these processes are interrupted by the strong drive, one can control the amount of correlations between the emitters, and correspondingly the deviation of the emitted light from a classical state. Our work paves the way towards the engineering of novel many-photon states of light over a broadband spectrum of frequencies, and suggests HHG as a diagnostic tool for characterizing correlations in many-body systems with attosecond temporal resolution.
description: 26 pages main (5 figures), 23 pages Supplementary Information
Understanding and Supporting Debugging Workflows in Multiverse Analysis
Creators: name: Gu, Ken
name: Jun, Eunice
name: Althoff, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multiverse analysis, a paradigm for statistical analysis that considers all combinations of reasonable analysis choices in parallel, promises to improve transparency and reproducibility. Although recent tools help analysts specify multiverse analyses, they remain difficult to use in practice. In this work, we identify debugging as a key barrier due to the latency from running analyses to detecting bugs and the scale of metadata processing needed to diagnose a bug. To address these challenges, we prototype a command-line interface tool, Multiverse Debugger, which helps diagnose bugs in the multiverse and propagate fixes. In a qualitative lab study (n=13), we use Multiverse Debugger as a probe to develop a model of debugging workflows and identify specific challenges, including difficulty in understanding the multiverse's composition. We conclude with design implications for future multiverse analysis authoring systems.
description: CHI 2023
Drell-Yan Tails Beyond the Standard Model
Creators: name: Allwicher, Lukas
name: Faroughy, Darius A.
name: Jaffredo, Florentin
name: Sumensari, Olcyr
name: Wilsch, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the high-$p_T$ tails of the $pp\to \ell ν$ and $pp \to \ell \ell$ Drell-Yan processes as probes of New Physics in semileptonic interactions with an arbitrary flavor structure. For this purpose, we provide a general decomposition of the $2\to2$ scattering amplitudes in terms of form-factors that we match to specific scenarios, such as the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT), including all relevant operators up to dimension-$8$, as well as ultraviolet scenarios giving rise to tree-level exchange of new bosonic mediators with masses at the TeV scale. By using the latest LHC run-II data in the monolepton ($eν$, $μν$, $τν$) and dilepton ($ee$, $μμ$, $ττ$, $eμ$, $eτ$, $μτ$) production channels, we derive constraints on the SMEFT Wilson coefficients for semileptonic four-fermion and dipole operators with the most general flavor structure, as well as on all possible leptoquark models. For the SMEFT, we discuss the range of validity of the EFT description, the relevance of $\mathcal{O}(1/Λ^2)$ and $\mathcal{O}(1/Λ^4)$ truncations, the impact of $d=8$ operators and the effects of different quark-flavor alignments. Finally, as a highlight, we extract for several New Physics scenarios the combined limits from high-$p_T$ processes, electroweak pole measurements and low-energy flavor data for the $b\to cτν$ transition, showing the complementarity between these different observables. Our results are compiled in {\tt HighPT}, a package in {\tt Mathematica} which provides a simple way for users to extract the Drell-Yan tails likelihoods for semileptonic effective operators and for leptoquark models.
description: Corrected an issue in the Monte Carlo simulation for charged current processes
Supplemental Material For Employability Study 3 (Journal Paper ZFHE)
Creators: name: Latuska, Lukas
name: Scheel, Tabea
name: Schirmer, Uwe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Supplemental material for journal article published in October 2023: https://www.zfhe.at/index.php/zfhe/article/view/1832
Is radio jet power linearly proportional to the product of central black hole mass and Eddington ratio in AGN?
Creators: name: Liu, Xiang
name: Han, Zhenhua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model for the relation between radio jet power and the product of central black hole (BH) mass and Eddington ratio of AGN is proposed, and the model is examined with data from the literature. We find that radio jet power positively correlates but not linearly with the product of BH mass ($m$ in solar mass) and Eddington ratio ($λ$), and the power law indices ($μ$) are significantly less than unity for relatively low accretion ($λ<0.1$) AGN, $P_{j}\propto (λm)^μ$, in the radio galaxies and the Seyfert galaxies. This leads to a negative correlation between radio loudness and $λm$ for the low luminosity AGN, i.e. $R\propto (λm)^ρ$ with $ρ=(7/6)μ-1<0$, which may be attributed to a contribution of BH spin to total jet power assuming that the spin induced jet is gradually suppressed as the accretion rate increases. Whereas, for the high-z quasars which often show the slope $μ\geq1$, a positive correlation between the radio loudness and disc luminosity is predicted. We discuss that the jet powers of the high-z FRII quasars are likely dominated by the accretion disc rather than by the BH spin.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Ap&SS
title: Prevalence of increased ratio between the right and left ventricles among patients undergoing CT pulmonary angiography with and without evidence of pulmonary embolism
Creators: name: Shalmon, Tamar
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Embolism / Thrombosis
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Pulmonary vessels

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Increased ratio between the right and left ventricular (RV/LV) diameters ≥1 is considered an important imaging marker for risk stratification among patients diagnosed with acute pulmonary embolism (PE) 1,2 . During the last years there has been an...
The aphid effector Mp10/CSP4 is conserved among hemipteran sap-feeders and targets cell surface receptor trafficking processes in plants.
Creators: name: Mugford, Sam T
name: Gravino, Matteo
name: Kreuter, Nathan
name: Maqbool, Abbas
name: Canham, James
name: Drurey, Claire
name: Wilson, Christine
name: Mathers, Thomas C
name: Hogenhout, Saskia A
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Aphid
Hemiptera
Effector
Mp10
PTI
ETI
Plant Immunity
MPMI

description: Sap-feeding insects of the order Hemiptera, such as aphids, whiteflies and leafhoppers, use stylets to navigate to the plant vascular system for long-term feeding. We previously demonstrated that aphids deposit the effector Mp10 into the cytoplasm of mesophyll cells. Mp10 belongs to a family of chemosensory proteins (CSPs) commonly present in arthropods. In aphids Mp10 is also known as CSP4. How CSPs regulate cellular processes in plants, and in eukaryotic cells in general, is largely unknown. We found that Mp10 suppresses PTI in response to a variety of elicitor molecules, including aphid-derived elicitors. Mp10 interacts with conserved plant target proteins that have key roles in the trafficking and stabilization of membrane proteins, in agreement with our data showing that Mp10 inhibits ROS and Ca2+ bursts to flg22 and promotes the degradation and cellular trafficking of the pattern recognition receptor FLS2. Mining of available genome-sequence data revealed that Mp10 belongs to a clade shared with homologues from other plant-feeding hemipterans, and Mp10 orthologues from other sap-feeders share PTI-suppressive functions and interactions with plant targets. Thus, CSPs in the Mp10 clade may have evolved to suppress PTI in plants early in the evolution of plant-feeding hemipterans. Given that aphids deposit Mp10 in cells upon probing, this effector appears to act as a local anesthetic to inhibit plant perception of aphid feeding.
description: {"references": ["Bos JI, ... Hogenhout SA. PLoS Genet. 2010 Nov 18;6(11):e1001216. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1001216 PMID: 21124944", "Rodriguez PA, ... Bos JI. Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 2014;27(1):30-9. doi: 10.1094/MPMI-05-13-0156-R. PMID: 24006884", "Mugford ST, ... Hogenhout SA. Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 2016;29(11):854-861. doi: 10.1094/MPMI-08-16-0168-R. PMID: 27831211", "Deshoux M, ... Uzest M. Int J Mol Sci. 2022 5;23(23):15337. doi: 10.3390/ijms232315337. PMID: 36499662", "Drurey C,... Hogenhout SA. bioRxiv 173278; 2019 doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/173278", "Katsiarimpa A, ... Isono E. T Plant Cell Physiol. 2014 ;55(4):727-36. doi: 10.1093/pcp/pcu019. PMID: 24486765", "Schultz-Larsen T, ... Thordal-Christensen H. Cell Rep. 2018 ;25(9):2329-2338.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.11.011. PMID: 30485803", "Ngou BPM, ... Jones JDG. Nature. 2021 ;592(7852):110-115. doi: 10.1038/s41586-021-03315-7. PMID: 33692545", "Yuan M, ... Xin XF. Nature. 2021 ;592(7852):105-109. doi: 10.1038/s41586-021-03316-6. PMID: 33692546"]}
Optimal input states for quantifying the performance of continuous-variable unidirectional and bidirectional teleportation
Creators: name: Mishra, Hemant K.
name: Oskouei, Samad Khabbazi
name: Wilde, Mark M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Continuous-variable (CV) teleportation is a foundational protocol in quantum information science. A number of experiments have been designed to simulate ideal teleportation under realistic conditions. In this paper, we detail an analytical approach for determining optimal input states for quantifying the performance of CV unidirectional and bidirectional teleportation. The metric that we consider for quantifying performance is the energy-constrained channel fidelity between ideal teleportation and its experimental implementation, and along with this, our focus is on determining optimal input states for distinguishing the ideal process from the experimental one. We prove that, under certain energy constraints, the optimal input state in unidirectional, as well as bidirectional, teleportation is a finite entangled superposition of twin-Fock states saturating the energy constraint. Moreover, we also prove that, under the same constraints, the optimal states are unique; that is, there is no other optimal finite entangled superposition of twin-Fock states.
description: 26 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review A
Achillea fragrantissima (Forssk.) Sch.Bip. methanolic extract exerts potent antimicrobial activity and causes cancer cell death via induction of caspase-dependent apoptosis and S-phase arrest
Creators: name: Bin Break, Mohammed Khaled
name: Younes, Kareem Mahmoud
name: Elkahoui, Salem
name: Unissa, Rahamat
name: Alfahidat, Suliman Ayad
name: Alshawi, Khalid Salem
name: Abouzied, Amr S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: This study was done to evaluate the anticancer potential of Achillea fragrantissima (Forssk.) Sch.Bip. leaves methanolic extract in detail for the first time, in addition to investigating its antimicrobial activity. The antimicrobial assay revealed that the extract exerted high activity against P. vulgaris (MIC = 156.25 µg/ml) and C. albicans (MIC = 625 µg/ml), while moderate activity was observed against other microbes. The extract was also screened against HepG2, A549, HCT116 and MCF7 cancer cells and was found to be active across all cells with highest selectivity and cytotoxic activity being observed for A549 cells (IC50 = 1.21 µg/ml). Further mechanistic studies on A549 cells showed that the extract resulted in S-phase arrest and induced apoptosis via activation of caspase-3, p53 and Bax, in addition to downregulation of Bcl-2. HR-LCMS analysis indicated the presence of 3-hydroxycoumarin, quercetin 3,3′-dimethyl ether and skullcapflavone II which might be responsible for the extract’s bioactivity.
Rydberg blockade based parity quantum optimization
Creators: name: Lanthaler, Martin
name: Dlaska, Clemens
name: Ender, Kilian
name: Lechner, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a scalable architecture for solving higher-order constrained binary optimization problems on current neutral-atom hardware operating in the Rydberg blockade regime. In particular, we formulate the recently developed parity encoding of arbitrary connected higher-order optimization problems as a maximum-weight independent set (\textsf{MWIS}) problem on disk graphs, that are directly encodable on such devices. Our architecture builds from small \textsf{MWIS} modules in a problem-independent way, crucial for practical scalability.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Magnetic spectra in the tridiminished-icosahedron \{Fe$_9$\} nano-cluster by inelastic neutron scattering
Creators: name: Vaknin, David
name: Demmel, Franz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inelastic neutron scattering (INS) experiments under applied magnetic field at low temperatures show detailed low lying magnetic excitations in the so called tridiminshed iron icosahedron magnetic molecule. The magnetic molecule consists of nine iron Fe$^{3+}$ ($s = 5/2$) and three phosphorous atoms that are situated on the twelve vertices of a nearly perfect icosahedron. The three phosphorous atoms form a plane that separates the iron cluster into two weakly coupled three- and six-ion fragments, \{Fe$_3$\} and \{Fe$_6$\}, respectively. The magnetic field INS results exhibit an $S=1/2$ ground state expected from a perfect equilateral triangle of the \{Fe$_3$\} triad with a powder averaged $g$-value $=2.00$. Two sets of triplet excitations whose temperature and magnetic field dependence indicate an $S=0$ ground state with two non-degenerate $S=1$ states are attributed to the \{Fe$_6$\} fragment. The splitting may result from a finite coupling between the two fragments, single-ion anisotropy, antisymmetric exchange couplings, or from magnetic frustration of its triangular building blocks.
The aphid effector Mp10/CSP4 is conserved among hemipteran sap-feeders and targets cell surface receptor trafficking processes in plants.
Creators: name: Mugford, Sam T
name: Gravino, Matteo
name: Kreuter, Nathan
name: Maqbool, Abbas
name: Joyce, Joshua
name: Canham, James
name: Drurey, Claire
name: Wilson, Christine
name: Mathers, Thomas C
name: Hogenhout, Saskia A
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Aphid
Hemiptera
Effector
Mp10
PTI
ETI
Plant Immunity
MPMI

description: Sap-feeding insects of the order Hemiptera, such as aphids, whiteflies and leafhoppers, use stylets to navigate to the plant vascular system for long-term feeding. We previously demonstrated that aphids deposit the effector Mp10 into the cytoplasm of mesophyll cells. Mp10 belongs to a family of chemosensory proteins (CSPs) commonly present in arthropods. In aphids Mp10 is also known as CSP4. How CSPs regulate cellular processes in plants, and in eukaryotic cells in general, is largely unknown. We found that Mp10 suppresses PTI in response to a variety of elicitor molecules, including aphid-derived elicitors. Mp10 interacts with conserved plant target proteins that have key roles in the trafficking and stabilization of membrane proteins, in agreement with our data showing that Mp10 inhibits ROS and Ca2+ bursts to flg22 and promotes the degradation and cellular trafficking of the pattern recognition receptor FLS2. Mining of available genome-sequence data revealed that Mp10 belongs to a clade shared with homologues from other plant-feeding hemipterans, and Mp10 orthologues from other sap-feeders share PTI-suppressive functions and interactions with plant targets. Thus, CSPs in the Mp10 clade may have evolved to suppress PTI in plants early in the evolution of plant-feeding hemipterans. Given that aphids deposit Mp10 in cells upon probing, this effector appears to act as a local anesthetic to inhibit plant perception of aphid feeding.
title: The effect of different dietary and management interventions on aspects of foot health, gut function and litter microbiome composition in growing poultry
Creators: name: Ahmed, Rebwar Mohamad
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2021

description: Foot pad dermatitis (FPD) in poultry is a contact dermatitis that can be painful and has a negative impact on bird welfare and performance. The primary cause is wet litter and so any factors which may cause the litter to become wet (eg poor choice of bedding material, dietary imbalances and poor gut health) may increase the risk of the birds developing FPD . In this thesis, various nutritional and management interventions were investigated to determine their impact on bird performance, aspects of gut and foot health and function, and measures of litter quality. When turkeys were fed whole grain wheat (WGW), either as free choice or mixed with the diet at inclusion rates up to 200 g/kg diet, it was observed that intake of WGW was much more variable in birds offered free choice WGW, although mean intake of WGW was greater. Bird performance was better if WGW was not fed, but if WGW was included in the diet, performance was better when WGW was mixed into the diet rather than offered free choice. WGW reduced gizzard pH, which might inhibit the growth of pathogens in the gut, but at a molecular level it had no effect on the presence of Clostridium perfringens, Campylobacter jejuni, Salmonella spp or Brachyspira pilosicoli. It also had no effect on litter moisture content or incidence of foot pad dermatitis. When broilers were reared on different bedding materials (Envirobed or wood shavings), bird weight was greater if broilers were kept on wood shavings, but birds consumed more Envirobed bedding and this was associated with drier digesta so that the risk of FPD might be lower with Envirobed. Broilers were then fed either a wheat or maize based diet and reared on wood shavings which were either clean or had excreta from mature laying hens added. There was effect on bird performance, but feeding maize may reduce the risk of FPD as it was associated with reduced litter ammonia content, increased litter pH and decreased prevalence of ampicillin resistant E. coli in both the birds’ gut and the litter. Litter quality is improved (and FPD reduced) if birds are encouraged to consume bedding (or a high fibre feed) and fed maize rather than wheat. The finding of this thesis are that, to reduce the risk of foot pad dermatitis in broilers and turkeys, the birds’ litter must remain dry and friable. This will be achieved by adequate ventilation and good management of drinkers, but also by maintaining good gut health in the birds. In this thesis, drier excreta and litter were associated with higher bedding (or fibre) consumption, and by feeding birds maize rather than wheat.