Himalayana kathmandu Grismado & Deeleman & Piacentini & Izquierdo & Ramírez 2014, new species
Creators: name: Grismado, Cristian J.
name: Deeleman, Christa
name: Piacentini, Luis N.
name: Izquierdo, Matías A.
name: Ramírez, Martín J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Oonopidae
Himalayana
Himalayana kathmandu

description: Himalayana kathmandu Grismado, new species
Figures 53–65, 72A–B
TYPES: Male holotype and two female paratypes from Nepal: Bagmati: Kathmandu District: above Gul Bhanjyang, leaf litter and moss in oak forest, 2600 m, Apr. 6, 1981, I. Löbl, A. Smetana (MHNG PBI_OON 15268); one male and two female paratypes from Phulchauki at south of Kathmandu, leaf litter, 2500 m, May 10, 1981, I. Löbl, A. Smetana (MHNG PBI_OON 15258); two female paratypes from Sheopuri Mt, Quercus semecarpifolia forest, 2300 m, June 25, 1988, Martens and Ausobsky (SGN PBI _OON 15984).
ETYMOLOGY: The specific name is a noun in apposition taken from the type locality.
DIAGNOSIS: H. kathmandu is the largest (> 2 mm total length) and most heavily sclerotized species of the genus, and can be further recognized by the following combination of characteres: males have elongated and gradually tapering copulatory bulb, enlarged palpal femur (figs. 65C–E, 72B) and lack thick setae on the epigastric area (fig. 65B); in females, the internal genitalia are very similar to those of H. martensi, but the lateral apodemes are longer (fig. 72A).
DESCRIPTION: Male (holotype, PBI_OON 15268). Total length 2.10. Cephalothorax: Carapace orange-brown, pars cephalica slightly elevated in lateral view, anteriorly narrowed to 0.49 times its maximum width or less, sides granulate; lateral margin rebordered; nonmarginal pars cephalica and thoracica setae lost (only their bases remain); marginal setae needlelike. Eyes all subequal, PME circular, PLE circular; posterior eye row recurved from both above and front; ALE separated by their radius to diameter, ALE–PLE separated by ALE radius to ALE diameter, PME touching for less than half their length. Sternum longer than wide, lateral margins unmodified, orange; setae densest laterally. Mouthparts: chelicerae orange; fangs directed medially. Endites orange. Abdomen: Dorsum soft portions not visible from above. Book lung covers elliptical. Pedicel tube short. Epigastric scutum not protruding, orange. Postepigastric scutum orange. Spinneret scutum with fringe of needlelike setae. Colulus present. Legs: Orange. Leg spination (all spines longer than segment width): leg I: tibiae v2-2-2-0, meta-tarsi v2-2-0; leg II: tibiae v2-2-2-0, metatarsi v2-2-0. Cuticle with elongated platelets less defined than in Trilacuna, and usually without pores (except on ventral coxae, fig. 60A– D). Trichobothria: tibia: each with three; metatarsus: each with one; opening longitudinally narrowed; hood covered by numerous low, closely spaced transverse ridges, differentiated from the distal plates mainly by being distinctly ridged, and by two lateral incomplete grooves; both are nearly at the same level; basal expansion of trichobothrial setae with annular ridges (fig. 61A–I); tarsal organs with two sensilla visible on palp and legs III–IV, three on legs I–II (fig. 61J–N). Genitalia: Epigastric region with sperm pore small, circular, unmodified. Palp: femur thickened; tibia nearly as long as patella; cymbium ovoid in dorsal view; bulb pale orange, distal part with a dorsal pointed, acute protrusion along the first third of the embolus (slightly curved in the SEM preparations, fig. 62); one dorsal retrolateral and one prolateral accompanying laminae with filiform projections, the latter mostly as a brush only; a bunch of aligned projections near the base of the of the prolateral lamina (fig. 62E). Embolus straight, tip curved to the prolateral side, with distal incised margin (fig. 62H–I).
Female (paratype, PBI_OON 15984). Total length 2.24. As in male except as noted.
Cephalothorax: Carapace orange. Eyes ALE, PME subequal, larger than PLE; PLE–PME separated by less than PME radius. Sternum orange. Palp without spines. Abdomen: Dorsal scutum strongly sclerotized, covering more than 3/4 of abdomen, orange. Epigastric scutum strongly sclerotized, orange. Postepigastric scutum strongly sclerotized, not fused to epigastric scutum, orange. Legs: Patella plus tibia I nearly as long as carapace. Leg spination (all spines longer than segment width): leg I: tibiae v2-2-2-2-0, metatarsi v2- 2-0; leg II: tibiae v2-2-2-0, metatarsi v2-2-0. Genitalia: Copulatoy opening small, marked on a darkened area between the ventral transverse plate (fig. 63H); lateral apodemes relatively long (fig. 72A), small rounded posterior receptacle and T-shaped anterior sclerite visible through the cuticle.
OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED: NEPAL: Bagmati: Kathmandu District: Phulcoki, 2700 m, Oct. 15, 1983, I. Löbl, A. Smetana, 4♀ (MHNG PBI_OON 15377); Phulcoki, sifting leaf litter at base of oak trees, 2650 m, Oct. 14, 1983, I. Löbl, A. Smetana, 1♂ (MHNG PBI_OON 15388); 2♀ (MHNG PBI_OON 15388); Phulcoki, north face, humid forest, leaf litter at base of rocks, 2600 m, Oct. 16, 1983, I. Löbl, A. Smetana, 1♂ (MHNG PBI_OON 15520); Phulcoki, north side, leaf litter, 2500 m, Apr. 28, 1984, to Apr. 29, 1984, I. Löbl, A. Smetana, 7♀ (MHNG PBI_OON 15664); 1♂ (MHNG PBI_OON 15664); above and below Chaubas, Rhododendron forest, 2500 m, Apr. 4, 1981, I. Löbl, A. Smetana, 1♂, 1♀ (MACNAr 28841, PBI_OON 15266); Burlung Bhanjyang, in grassland, 2600 m, Apr. 5, 1981, I. Löbl, A. Smetana, 2♂ (MHNG PBI_ OON 15264); 1♀ (MHNG PBI_OON 15264); Malemchi, 2800 m, Apr. 14, 1981, I. Löbl, A. Smetana, 1♀ (MHNG PBI_OON 15263); Phulchauki, south of Kathmandu, 1700 m, May 10, 1981, I. Löbl, A. Smetana, 1♀ (MHNG PBI_OON 15267); Tarke Ghyang, 2650 m, Apr. 19, 1981, I. Löbl, A. Smetana, 1♀ (MHNG PBI_OON 15261).
DISTRIBUTION: Nepal (Bagmati and Dhawalagiri), between 2300 and 2800 m above the sea level (except for a single record at 1700 m).
description: Published as part of Grismado, Cristian J., Deeleman, Christa, Piacentini, Luis N., Izquierdo, Matías A. & Ramírez, Martín J., 2014, Taxonomic Review Of The Goblin Spiders Of The Genus Dysderoides Fage And Their Himalayan Relatives Of The Genera Trilacuna Tong And Li And Himalayana, New Genus (Araneae: Oonopidae), pp. 1-108 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2014 (387) on pages 73-77, DOI: 10.1206/843.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5379126