cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Effects of Strong Magnetic Fields on Neutron Star Structure
Creators: name: Cardall, Christian Y.
name: Prakash, Madappa
name: Lattimer, James M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study static neutron stars with poloidal magnetic fields and a simple class of electric current distributions consistent with the requirement of stationarity. For this class of electric current distributions, we find that magnetic fields are too large for static configurations to exist when the magnetic force pushes a sufficient amount of mass off-center that the gravitational force points outward near the origin in the equatorial plane. (In our coordinates an outward gravitational force corresponds to $\partial\ln g_{tt}/\partial r>0$, where $t$ and $r$ are respectively time and radial coordinates and $g_{tt}$ is coefficient of $dt^2$ in the line element.) For the equations of state (EOSs) employed in previous work, we obtain configurations of higher mass than had been reported; we also present results with more recent EOSs. For all EOSs studied, we find that the maximum mass among these static configurations with magnetic fields is noticeably larger than the maximum mass attainable by uniform rotation, and that for fixed values of baryon number the maximum mass configurations are all characterized by an off-center density maximum.
description: Submitted to the Astrophysical Journal. 37 pages, 8 figures, uses aastex macros
Development and evaluation of the Cantonese matrix sentence test
Creators: name: Hu, Hongmei
name: Hochmuth, Sabine
name: Man, Chi Kwong
name: Warzybok, Anna
name: Kollmeier, Birger
name: Wong, Lena L. N.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: To develop the Cantonese matrix (YUEmatrix) test according to the international standard procedure and examine possible different outcomes in another tonal language. A 50-word Cantonese base-matrix was established. Word-specific speech recognition functions, speech recognition thresholds (SRT), and slopes were obtained. The speech material was homogenised in intelligibility by applying level corrections up to ± 3 dB. Subsequently, the YUEmatrix test was evaluated in five aspects: training effect, test-list equivalence, test-retest reliability, establishment of reference data for normal-hearing Cantonese-speakers, and comparison with the Cantonese-Hearing-In-Noise-Test. Overall, 64 normal-hearing native Cantonese-speaking listeners. SRT measurements with adaptive procedures resulted in a reference SRT of −9.7 ± 0.7 dB SNR for open-set and −11.1 ± 1.2 dB SNR for the closed-set response format. Fixed SNR measurements suggested a test-specific speech intelligibility function slope of 15.5 ± 0.7%/dB. Seventeen 10-sentences base test lists were confirmed to be equivalent with respect to speech intelligibility. Training effect was not observed after two measurements of 20-sentences lists. The YUEmatrix yields comparable results to matrix tests in other languages including Mandarin. Level adjustments to homogenise sentences appear to be less effective for tonal languages than for most other languages developed so far.
Four-terminal SQUID: Magnetic Flux Switching in Bistable State and Noise
Creators: name: Ouboter, R. de Bruyn
name: Omelyanchouk, A. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of thermal fluctuations on the behaviuor of a 4-terminal SQUID is investigated. The studied system consists of the Josephson 4-terminal junction with two terminals short-circuited by a superconducting ring and other two form the transport circuit. The behaviour of a 4-terminal SQUID is controlled by external parameters, the applied magnetic flux and the transport current. They determine the voltage in the transport channel and the magnetic flux embraced in the ring. Within the numerical model the noise-rounded current-voltage characteristics and the time dependence of the magnetic flux have been calculated. In some region of the control parameters the 4-terminal SQUID is in the bistable state with two magnetic flux values. The switching of the flux in bistable state produced by the thermal noise or by the transport current is studied.
description: 11 pages, LATEX, 7 figures by request. To be published in Physica B
SD1_Materials & Methods from Breed function and behaviour correlate with endocranial volume in domestic dogs
Creators: name: Balcarcel, Ana M.
name: Sanchez, Marcelo R
name: Evin, Allowen
name: Nussbaumer, Marc
name: Hemelsdaël, Adeline
name: Geiger, Madeleine
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310499
subject: Evolutionary biology not elsewhere classified

description: Materials and method details
Hopf invariant for long-wavelength skyrmions in quantum Hall systems for integer and fractional fillings
Creators: name: Sengupta, K.
name: Yakovenko, Victor. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a Hopf term exists in the effective action of long-wavelength skyrmions in quantum Hall systems for both odd integer and fractional filling factors $ν= 1/(2s +1)$, where $s$ is an integer. We evaluate the prefactor of the Hopf term using Green function method in the limit of strong external magnetic field using model of local interaction. The prefactor ($N$) of the Hopf term is found to be equal to $ν$. The spin and charge densities and hence the total spin and charge of the skyrmion are computed from the effective action. The total spin is found to have a dominant contribution from the Berry term in the effective action and to increase with the size of the skyrmion. The charge and the statistics of the skyrmion, on the other hand, are completely determined by the prefactor of the Hopf term. Consequently, the skyrmions have charge $νe$ and are Fermions (anyons) for odd integer (fractional) fillings. We also obtain the effective action of the skyrmions at finite temperature. It is shown that at finite temperature, the value of the prefactor of the Hopf term depends on the order in which the zero-momentum and zero-frequency limits are taken.
description: Replaced with revised version
Open Science: the Science of the Future
Creators: name: Masuzzo, Paola
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: open science
fair data
preprints
science 2.0

description: Open science is based on the concept that free access to knowledge is a basic
 requirement for human development and that sharing and making scientific findings freely
 available would benefit both society and scientists. One of the key aspects of this movement
 is to increase research visibility within and outside of the research community. For instance,
 movements like Science 2.0 have contributed to creating online tools (e.g., Web 2.0 tools)
 that foster the collaboration among scientists and support the creation of virtual hubs in
 which the research process is transparent and accessible to everyone. This talk addresses the role of Open Science and Science 2.0 in the ongoing transformation of
 scientific communication and provides a guide to available platforms and tools that can be
 used to share our findings, connect with other scientists, and interact with external
 stakeholders.
Exploring Student Check-In Behavior for Improved Point-of-Interest Prediction
Creators: name: Hang, Mengyue
name: Pytlarz, Ian
name: Neville, Jennifer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the availability of vast amounts of user visitation history on location-based social networks (LBSN), the problem of Point-of-Interest (POI) prediction has been extensively studied. However, much of the research has been conducted solely on voluntary checkin datasets collected from social apps such as Foursquare or Yelp. While these data contain rich information about recreational activities (e.g., restaurants, nightlife, and entertainment), information about more prosaic aspects of people's lives is sparse. This not only limits our understanding of users' daily routines, but more importantly the modeling assumptions developed based on characteristics of recreation-based data may not be suitable for richer check-in data. In this work, we present an analysis of education "check-in" data using WiFi access logs collected at Purdue University. We propose a heterogeneous graph-based method to encode the correlations between users, POIs, and activities, and then jointly learn embeddings for the vertices. We evaluate our method compared to previous state-of-the-art POI prediction methods, and show that the assumptions made by previous methods significantly degrade performance on our data with dense(r) activity signals. We also show how our learned embeddings could be used to identify similar students (e.g., for friend suggestions).
description: published in KDD'18
title: Chancen und Herausforderungen durch die Automatisierung und Digitalisierung der Debitorenbuchhaltung im Gesundheitswesen
title: Am Beispiel der Steiermärkischen Krankenanstaltengesellschaft m. b. H.
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Teuschl, Edith Bianca
Publisher: name: FH CAMPUS 02 (CAMPUS 02 Fachhochschule der Wirtschaft)
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 657 Rechnungslegung

description: Angesichts des stetigen technologischen Fortschritts im Rechnungswesen stehen Unternehmen vor der Herausforderung, in diesem sich ständig verändernden Umfeld erfolgreich zu agieren und sich auch in Zukunft weiterzuentwickeln. Diese Arbeit untersucht die Auswirkungen von Digitalisierung und Automatisierung auf die Buchhaltung im Gesundheitswesen mit Schwerpunkt auf der Debitorenbuchhaltung. Ziel ist das Aufzeigen von Chancen und Herausforderungen sowie die Ableitung von Handlungsempfehlungen, die den Unternehmen im Gesundheitswesen bei der Bewältigung dieses Wandels behilflich sein sollen. Zur Beantwortung der Forschungsfragen wurde einerseits bestehende Fachliteratur analysiert und andererseits wurden qualitative, leitfadengestützte Experteninterviews durchgeführt. Anhand der strukturierten Inhaltsanalyse nach Kuckartz erfolgte die Auswertung der Daten der Interviews. Die Forschungsergebnisse belegen, dass die Einführung digitaler Technologien in der Debitorenbuchhaltung im Gesundheitswesen ein großes Potenzial bietet. Sie ermöglicht die Automatisierung von wiederkehrenden Aufgaben wie der Rechnungserstellung und der Zuordnung von Zahlungseingängen. Die Automatisierung und Digitalisierung der Debitorenbuchhaltung weist klare Vorteile auf, darunter Effizienzsteigerungen, Verbesserungen der Genauigkeit und erhöhte Transparenz. Die Umsetzung erfordert eine gründliche Planung, Schulung und Berücksichtigung von Datenschutz- und Sicherheitsaspekten. Mitarbeiter*innen müssen jedoch neue Fähigkeiten erwerben und Datenschutz bleibt ein zentrales Anliegen. Es ist empfehlenswert, verschiedene Technologien je nach Anforderungen einzelner Prozesse auszuwählen und zu kombinieren. Dabei sind eine solide Datenbasis sowie Datenschutzmaßnahmen im Hinblick auf die Sensibilität von Patientendaten unerlässlich. Überlegungen zur Anpassung der Organisationsstruktur sind zu berücksichtigen. Eine ganzheitliche Strategie, welche die Sicherheit und Transparenz gewährleistet, ist entscheidend für den Erfolg. Aus den Ergebnissen des theoretischen und empirischen Teils der Masterarbeit wurde eine Handlungsempfehlung abgeleitet. Diese kann von Gesundheitsunternehmen geprüft und im Rahmen geplanter Umstellungen angewendet werden.
Atomistic study of an ideal metal/thermoelectric contact: the full-Heusler/half-Heusler interface
Creators: name: Spataru, Catalin D.
name: He, Yuping
name: Léonard, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Half-Heusler alloys such as the (Zr,Hf)NiSn intermetallic compounds are important thermoelectric materials for converting waste heat into electricity. Reduced electrical resistivity at the hot interface between the half-Heusler material and a metal contact is critical for device performance, however this has yet to be achieved in practice. Recent experimental work suggests that a coherent interface between half-Heusler and full-Heusler compounds can form due to diffusion of transition metal atoms into the vacant sublattice of the half-Heusler lattice. We study theoretically the structural and electronic properties of such an interface using a first-principles based approach that combines {\it ab initio} calculations with macroscopic modeling. We find that the prototypical interface HfNi$_2$Sn/HfNiSn provides very low contact resistivity and almost ohmic behavior over a wide range of temperatures and doping levels. Given the potential of these interfaces to remain stable over a wide range of temperatures, our study suggests that full-Heuslers might provide nearly ideal electrical contacts to half-Heuslers that can be harnessed for efficient thermoelectric generator devices.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
MoodScope An AI-Powered Exploration of Twitter Sentiments Using Frameworks
Creators: name: Mrs.S.Surya, Sr Yarlagadda Reshma Chowdary, Challa Pavani Ratna Sri Santhoshi, Chintala Sai Rama Krishna, Balasadi Chandu Praveen, Aithabathula Jeswanth Sai
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Sentiment analysis, the computational study of opinions, sentiments, attitudes, and emotionsexpressed in written language, has gained prominence in recent years due to its wide applications andchallenging research problems. This paper focuses on evaluating sentiment analysis using LogisticRegression and Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithms. The analysis was performed with metricsincluding accuracy (0.941), precision (0.615), recall (0.466), and F1 score (0.530). The dataset comprises319 true positives (TP), 8705 true negatives (TN), 200 false positives (FP), and 365 false negatives (FN).Sentiment analysis has evolved alongside the growth of social media, becoming integral to various fieldsbeyond computer science, including management and social sciences. The paper explores mainstreamsentiment analysis research and recent advancements in modeling comments, discussions, and debates,highlighting the algorithms' effectiveness in capturing nuanced sentiments and opinions.
Bayesian Analysis of Femtosecond Pump-Probe Photoelectron-Photoion Coincidence Spectra with Fluctuating Laser Intensities
Creators: name: Heim, Pascal
name: Rumetshofer, Michael
name: Ranftl, Sascha
name: Thaler, Bernhard
name: Ernst, Wolfgang E.
name: Koch, Markus
name: von der Linden, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper employs Bayesian probability theory for analyzing data generated in femtosecond pump-probe photoelectron-photoion coincidence (PEPICO) experiments. These experiments allow investigating ultrafast dynamical processes in photoexcited molecules. Bayesian probability theory is consistently applied to data analysis problems occurring in these types of experiments such as background subtraction and false coincidences. We previously demonstrated that the Bayesian formalism has many advantages, amongst which are compensation of false coincidences, no overestimation of pump-only contributions, significantly increased signal-to-noise ratio, and applicability to any experimental situation and noise statistics. Most importantly, by accounting for false coincidences, our approach allows running experiments at higher ionization rates, resulting in an appreciable reduction of data acquisition times. In addition to our previous paper, we include fluctuating laser intensities, of which the straightforward implementation highlights yet another advantage of the Bayesian formalism. Our method is thoroughly scrutinized by challenging mock data, where we find a minor impact of laser fluctuations on false coincidences, yet a noteworthy influence on background subtraction. We apply our algorithm to data obtained in experiments and discuss the impact of laser fluctuations on the data analysis.
Efficient N-body Realisations of axisymmetric Galaxies and Haloes
Creators: name: Boily, C. M.
name: Kroupa, P.
name: Penarrubia-Garrido, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an efficient method for building equilibrium multi-component galaxies with non-spherical haloes and bulges. The gist of our approach is to tailor the velocity ellipsoid directly to the geometry of the mass distribution. Thus we avoid computing the anisotropic velocity dispersions which leads to large savings in the cpu budget. The computational time of the algorithm for triaxial equilibria scales linearly with the number of particles, N. The approximate solution to the velocity field causes structural relaxation: tests with N = 50,000 show that fluctuations of the inertia tensor (not exceeding the 10 per cent level) disappear within one half of a revolution at the half-mass radius. At later times equilibrium properties settle to values close to those sought from the initial conditions. A disc component is then added as described by Hernquist (1993). Incorporating the above algorithm to his code BuildGal, test runs show that the stability of the disc against vertical heating is not substantially modified by using our method. The code, MaGali, is made generally available.
description: 29 pages, 6 figures, New Astronomy, in press
Thiotricha microrrhoda Meyrick 1935
Creators: name: Lee, Ga-Eun
name: Li, Houhun
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Gelechiidae
Thiotricha
Thiotricha microrrhoda

description: Thiotricha microrrhoda Meyrick, 1935
(Figs 11D, 25C, 36A, 52D, 63G, H, 70A)
 Thiotricha microrrhoda Meyrick, 1935: 586; Gaede, 1937: 305; Clarke, 1969: 460; Ivinskis et al., 1984: 39. TL: Taiwan, China. TD: NHMUK.
 Type material (Figs 63G, H, 70A). Holotype ♀, CHINA, Taiwan, Tyûsinron, 18.viii.1933, leg. S. Issiki, genitalia slide no. J. F.G.C. 8371 (NHMUK).
 Additional material examined. CHINA: Hainan Province: 1 ♀, Jianfengling Nature Reserves (18.74°N, 108.87°E), 770 m, Ledong County, 17.vii.2014, leg. Peixin Cong, Linjie Liu and Sha Hu, genitalia slide no. LGE18549; Taiwan Province: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Shanpin, 750 m, Liukuei, Kaihsiung County, 16–23.iii.1990, leg. J. Heppner and H. Wang, genitalia slide nos. MGCL-NK 20m, MGCL-NK21f; Zhejiang Province: 1 ♀, Gutianshan (29.23°N, 118.1°E), 310 m, Kaihua County, Quzhou City, 20.v.2017, leg. Shuonan Qian and Ga-Eun Lee, genitalia slide no. LGE17260.
 Diagnosis. Adult (Fig. 11D). Wingspan 8.5−12.0 mm. Thiotricha microrrhoda is somewhat similar to T. rhodomicta in having the forewing strongly speckled with dark brown. However, T. microrrhoda is differentiated from the latter by the presence of a longitudinal streak below the costa. The male genitalia (Fig. 36A) are distinctive as the ventral margin of valva is convex at middle and before apex, and the anellus lobe is robust and strongly curved. The female genitalia (Fig. 52D) can be easily distinguished from other species by the melanized papillae anales, the ostium bursae situated near the anterior margin of sternum VIII and the very narrowed base of ductus bursae. The colliculum or the antrum is absent in this species.
 Variation. The female specimen from Zhejiang Province has more yellowish forewing scattered with carmine-pink scales whereas the specimens from Taiwan have a whiter forewing without pink scales except on the termen. Non-type specimens have apophyses anteriores slightly narrower than those of the holotype, but other morphological characters match the type specimen.
 Distribution. China (Hainan, Taiwan, Zhejiang).
description: Published as part of Lee, Ga-Eun & Li, Houhun, 2024, A taxonomic review of Thiotricha Meyrick, 1886 (Lepidoptera, Gelechiidae, Thiotrichinae) from China, with descriptions of 84 new species, pp. 1-222 in Zootaxa 5449 (1) on page 67, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5449.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/11233121
Applying the linear delta expansion to `i phi^3'
Creators: name: Blencowe, M. P.
name: Jones, H. F.
name: Korte, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The linear $δ$ expansion (LDE) is applied to the Hamiltonian $H=(p^2 +m^2 x^2)/2 + igx^3$, which arises in the study of Lee-Yang zeros in statistical mechanics. Despite being non-Hermitian, this Hamiltonian appears to possess a real, positive spectrum. In the LDE, as in perturbation theory, the eigenvalues are naturally real, so a proof of this property devolves on the convergence of the expansion. A proof of convergence of a modified version of the LDE is provided for the $ix^3$ potential in zero dimensions. The methods developed in zero dimensions are then extended to quantum mechanics, where we provide numerical evidence for convergence.
description: 26 pages (revtex), 8 figures (eps). Submitted to Phys. Rev. D
On the colloidal stability of apolar nanoparticles: The role of ligand length
Creators: name: Monego, Debora
name: Kister, Thomas
name: Kirkwood, Nicholas
name: Mulvaney, Paul
name: Widmer-Cooper, Asaph
name: Kraus, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inorganic nanoparticle cores are often coated with organic ligands to render them dispersible in apolar solvents. However, the effect of the ligand shell on the colloidal stability of the overall hybrid particle is not fully understood. In particular, it is not known how the length of an apolar alkyl ligand chain affects the stability of a nanoparticle dispersion against agglomeration. Here, Small-Angle X-ray Scattering and molecular dynamics simulations have been used to study the interactions between gold nanoparticles and between cadmium selenide nanoparticles passivated by alkanethiol ligands with 12 to 18 carbons in the solvent decane. We find that increasing the ligand length increases colloidal stability in the core-dominated regime but decreases it in the ligand-dominated regime. This unexpected inversion is connected to the transition from ligand- to core-dominated agglomeration when the core diameter increases at constant ligand length. Our results provide a microscopic picture of the forces that determine the colloidal stability of apolar nanoparticles and explain why classical colloid theory fails.
description: manuscript + SI in one file
Migraine associated with tinnitus and hearing loss in adults: a systematic review
Creators: name: Campello, Camilla Porto
name: Lemos, Cleidiel Aparecido Araujo
name: de Andrade, Wagner Teobaldo Lopes
name: de Melo, Luciana Pimentel Fernandes
name: de Santana Nunes, Glaurea Regina
name: Cavalcanti, Hannalice Gottschalck
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine
Neuroscience
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: To describe evidence of migraine-associated tinnitus and hearing loss. This study was registered in PROSPERO and followed the PRISMA guidelines. The inclusion criteria were observational studies with subjects aged ≥18 years, in which the association between migraine and tinnitus and/or hearing loss was evaluated. Reviews, case reports, commentaries, letters to the editor, and studies that included individuals with some diseases were excluded. The search yielded 698 articles from electronic databases. Six studies were eligible for this review with 26,166 participants. Most studies have shown an association between migraine and tinnitus, and between migraine and hearing loss. Studies have concluded that migraine presented high odds ratio, and hazard ratio for tinnitus. Another study found a strong association between these conditions (p < 0.001), and two investigations detected the presence of migraine in 10.1 and 22.5% of tinnitus patients. Migraine presented high odds ratio and hazard ratio for hearing loss. Additionally, the studies included were of good quality, adhering to most of the requirements on the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist. However, a limitation of this review is the small number of studies included. Associations between migraine, tinnitus, and hearing loss were observed in the included studies.
Equilibration of Quasi-Integrable Systems
Creators: name: Goldfriend, Tomer
name: Kurchan, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the slow relaxation of isolated quasi-integrable systems, focusing on the classical problem of Fermi-Pasta-Ulam-Tsingou (FPU) chain. It is well-known that the initial energy sharing between different linear-modes can be inferred by the integrable Toda chain. Using numerical simulations, we show explicitly how the relaxation of the FPU chain toward equilibration is determined by a slow drift within the space of Toda's integrals of motion. We analyze the whole spectrum of Toda-modes and show how they dictate, via a Generalized Gibbs Ensemble (GGE), the quasi-static states along the FPU evolution. This picture is employed to devise a fast numerical integration, which can be generalized to other quasi-integrable models. In addition, the GGE description leads to a fluctuation theorem, describing the large deviations as the system flows in the entropy landscape.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
Random-field-driven phase transitions in the ground state of the S=1 XXZ spin chain
Creators: name: Nishiyama, Yoshihiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ground-state of the S=1 XXZ spin chain under the influence of the random magnetic field is studied by means of the exact-diagonalization method. The S=1/2 counterpart has been investigated extensively so far. The easy-plane area, including the Haldane and the XY phases, is considered. The area suffers significantly from the magnitude of the constituent spin. Destruction of the Haldane state is observed at a critical strength of the random field, which is comparable to the magnitude of the Haldane gap. This transition is characterized by the disappearance of the string order. The XY region continues until at a critical randomness, at which a transition of the KT-universality class occurs. These features are contrasted with those of the S=1/2 counterpart.
Plasmonically Enhanced Spectrally-Sensitive Coatings for Gradient Heat Flux Sensors
Creators: name: Conley, Kevin
name: Thakore, Vaibhav
name: Ala-Nissila, Tapio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spectral response and directional scattering of semiconductor-oxide core-shell spherical microparticles embedded in an insulating medium at low volume fraction are computed using Mie Theory and Multiscale Modelling methods. The surface plasmon resonances of low-bandgap semiconductor microinclusions have excellent and tunable scattering properties. By adjusting the size, material, shell thickness, and dielectric environment of the particles, the energies of the localized surface resonances are tuned to match the discrete solar spectrum. Near-IR solar reflectance efficiency factors of up to 78% are observed. Further the transmittance of broadband or specific wavelengths could be blocked. These spectrally-sensitive coatings have application as a back-reflector for solar devices, high temperature thermal insulator, and optical filters in Gradient Heat Flux Sensors (GHFS) for fire safety applications.
Chandra Observation of RXJ1720.1+2638: a Nearly Relaxed Cluster with a Fast Moving Core?
Creators: name: Mazzotta, P.
name: Markevitch, M.
name: Vikhlinin, A.
name: Forman, W. R.
name: David, L. P.
name: VanSpeybroeck, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have analyzed the Chandra observation of the distant (z=0.164) galaxy cluster RXJ1720.1+2638 in which we find sharp features in the X-ray surface brightness on opposite sides of the X-ray peak: an edge at about 250 h_50^{-1} kpc to the South-East and a plateau at about 130 h_50^{-1} kpc to the North-West. The surface brightness edge and the plateau can be modeled as a gas density discontinuity (jump) and a slope change (break). The temperature profiles suggest that the jump and the break are the boundaries of a central, group-size (d=380h_50^{-1} kpc), dense, cold (T=4 keV) gas cloud, embedded in a diffuse hot (T=10 keV) intracluster medium. The density jump and the temperature change across the discontinuity are similar to the ``cold fronts'' discovered by Chandra in A2142 and A3667, and suggest subsonic motion of this central gas cloud with respect to the cluster itself. The most natural explanation is that we are observing a merger in the very last stage before the cluster becomes fully relaxed. However, the data are also consistent with an alternative scenario in which RXJ1720.1+2638 is the result of the collapse of two co-located density perturbations, the first a group-scale perturbation collapse followed by a second cluster-scale perturbation collapse that surrounded, but did not destroy, the first one. We also show that, because of the core motion, the total mass inside the cluster core, derived under the assumption of hydrostatic equilibrium, may underestimate the true cluster mass. If widespread, such motion may partially explain the discrepancy between X-ray and the strong lensing mass determinations found in some clusters.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ, 14 pages, LaTeX with color figures, uses emulateapj5.sty
Implementation science challenges: hearing care professionals identify barriers to clinical research
Creators: name: Meyer, Carly
name: Scarinci, Nerina
name: Lind, Christopher
name: Tulloch, Kristen
name: Atkins, Jenny
name: Hickson, Louise
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Conducting research in clinical settings is challenging. The aim of this study was to increase our understanding of hearing care professionals’ perceptions of barriers to participating in such research. A modified group concept mapping approach was used to gain anonymous responses from 124 hearing care professionals to the statement: “One reason why it is hard to conduct intervention research studies in my centre/practice is….”. Participants were asked for reasons other than ‘time’ as this is universally reported as a barrier to clinical research. A total of 107 distinct reasons were provided by participants and these were sorted into 5 clusters: “Competing demands/pressures” (18 statements), “Not a priority for management/organisation” (14 statements), “Lack of opportunity/support” (19 statements), “Clinician’s knowledge, confidence, and beliefs” (24 statements), and “Recruitment/adherence to protocols is challenging” (32 statements). Identified barriers were generally similar to those reported in other healthcare settings, with unique barriers being those associated with a fear of scrutiny and lack of trust in the “academic elite”. Findings highlight the importance of researchers, clinicians, and clinic managers working together at all stages of the research process in order for clinical research to be successful.
Composite-particle decay widths by the generator coordinate method
Creators: name: Bertsch, G. F.
name: Younes, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the feasibility of applying the Generator Coordinate Method (GCM) of self-consistent mean-field theory to calculate decay widths of composite particles to composite-particle final states. The main question is how well the GCM can approximate continuum wave functions in the decay channels. The analysis is straightforward under the assumption that the GCM wave functions are separable into internal and Gaussian center-of-mass wave functions. Two methods are examined for calculating decays widths. In one method, the density of final states is computed entirely in the GCM framework. In the other method, it is determined by matching the GCM wave function to an asymptotic scattering wave function. Both methods are applied to a numerical example and are found to agree within their determined uncertainties.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Amplification or Reduction of Backscattering in a Coherently Amplifying or Absorbing Disordered Chain
Creators: name: Sen, Asok K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study localization properties of a one-dimensional disordered system characterized by a random non-hermitean hamiltonian where both the randomness and the non-hermiticity arises in the local site-potential; its real part being random, and a constant imaginary part implying the presence of either a coherent absorption or amplification at each site. While the two-probe transport properties behave seemingly very differently for the amplifying and the absorbing chains, the logarithmic resistance $u$ = ln$(1+R_4)$ where $R_4$ is the 4-probe resistance gives a unified description of both the cases. It is found that the ensemble-averaged $$ increases linearly with length indicating exponential growth of resistance. While in contrast to the case of Anderson localization (random hermitean matrix), the variance of $u$ could be orders of magnitude smaller in the non-hermitean case, the distribution of $u$ still remains non-Gaussian even in the large length limit.
description: 11 LaTeX pages plus 14 EPS figures
THE PLACE OF SENTENCING FOR CRIMES WITH PLEA AGREEMENTS IN THE PUNISHMENT SYSTEM
Creators: name: Akhmedova, Sitora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: The concept and significance of plea agreements, their social and legal necessity, historical development, and some practical issues related to sentencing are discussed, with proposals and recommendations presented. To reliably ensure citizens' rights and freedoms, the essence of sentencing for crimes with plea agreements is clarified, opinions on some practical issues are expressed, and proposals are developed.
Disordered Heteropolymers with Crosslinks - Phase Diagram and Conformational Transitions
Creators: name: Gutman, L.
name: Shakhnovich, E. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the phase behavior of random heteropolymers (RHPs) with quenched cross-links, a novel polymer class of technological and biological relevance, and show the possible occurrence of freezing with few chain conformations sampled. The sensitivity of the frozen phase microstructure to the disorder components is elucidated at positive solubility parameter values; at low T's segregated microphases form, while at a finite T, a first order conformational transition occurs, and is attributed to statistical matching of large microphases bounded by cross-links. The end of the symmetry broken regime stabilization by cross-links occurs at a higher T by a second order conformational transition. \\icrophases form, while at a finite T, a first order conformational transition occurs, and is attributed to statistical matching of large microphases bounded by cross-links. The end of the symmetry broken regime stabilization by cross-links occurs at a higher T by a second order conformational transition.
description: 5 pages, 2 ps. figures. submitted to Chem. Phys. Lett
Remote Sensing Applications for Landslide Monitoring and Investigation in Western Canada
Creators: Macciotta, Renato
Hendry, Michael T.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2021

Transportation infrastructure in mountainous terrain and through river valleys is exposed to a variety of landslide phenomena. This is particularly the case for highway and railway corridors in Western Canada that connect towns and industries through prairie valleys and the Canadian cordillera. The fluidity of these corridors is important for the economy of the country and the safety of workers, and users of this infrastructure is paramount. Stabilization of all active slopes is financially challenging given the extensive area where landslides are a possibility, and monitoring and minimization of slope failure consequences becomes an attractive risk management strategy. In this regard, remote sensing techniques provide a means for enhancing the monitoring toolbox of the geotechnical engineer. This includes an improved identification of active landslides in large areas, robust complement to in-place instrumentation for enhanced landslide investigation, and an improved definition of landslide extents and deformation mechanisms. This paper builds upon the extensive literature on the application of remote sensing techniques and discusses practical insights gained from a suite of case studies from the authors’ experience in Western Canada. The review of the case studies presents a variety of landslide mechanisms and remote sensing technologies. The aim of the paper is to transfer some of the insights gained through these case studies to the reader.
Secondary discharge studies in single and multi GEM structures
Creators: name: Deisting, A.
name: Garabatos, C.
name: Gasik, P.
name: Baitinger, D.
name: Berdnikova, A.
name: Blidaru, M. B.
name: Datz, A.
name: Dufter, F.
name: Hassan, S.
name: Klemenz, T.
name: Lautner, L.
name: Masciocchi, S.
name: Mathis, A.
name: De Oliveira, R. A. Negrao
name: Szabo, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Secondary discharges, which consist of the breakdown of a gap near a GEM foil upon a primary discharge across that GEM, are studied in this work. Their main characteristics are the occurrence a few $10\,μ\textrm{s}$ after the primary, the relatively sharp onset at moderate electric fields across the gap, the absence of increased fields in the system, and their occurrence under both field directions. They can be mitigated using series resistors in the high-voltage connection to the GEM electrode facing towards an anode. The electric field at which the onset of secondary discharges occurs indeed increases with increasing resistance. Discharge propagation form GEM to GEM in a multi-GEM system affects the occurrence probability of secondary discharges in the gaps between neighbouring GEMs. Furthermore, evidence of charges flowing through the gap after the primary discharge are reported. Such currents may or may not lead to a secondary discharge. A characteristic charge, of the order of $10^{10}\,\textrm{electrons}$, has been measured as the threshold for a primary discharge to be followed by a secondary discharge, and this number slightly depends on the gas composition. A mechanism involving the heating of the cathode surface as trigger for secondary discharges is proposed.
description: 16 pages, 19 figures, 1 table, Submitted to NIM A
Dusty Nuclear Disks and Filaments in Early Type Galaxies
Creators: name: Tran, H. D.
name: Tsvetanov, Z.
name: Ford, H. C.
name: Davies, J.
name: Jaffe, W.
name: Bosch, F. C. van den
name: Rest, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the dust properties of a nearby distance-limited sample of early type galaxies using the WFPC2 of the Hubble Space Telescope. Dust is detected in 29 out of 67 galaxies (43%), including 12 with small nuclear dusty disks. In a separate sample of 40 galaxies biased for the detection of dust by virtue of their detection in the IRAS 100 micron band, dust is found in ~78% of the galaxies, 15 of which contain dusty disks. In those galaxies with detectable dust, the apparent mass of the dust correlates with radio and far infrared luminosity, becoming more significant for systems with filamentary dust. A majority of IRAS and radio detections are also associated with dusty galaxies rather than dustless galaxies. This indicates that thermal emission from clumpy, filamentary dust is the main source of the far-IR radiation in early type galaxies. Dust in small disk-like morphology tends to be well aligned with the major axis of the host galaxies, while filamentary dust appears to be more randomly distributed with no preference for alignment with any major galactic structure. This suggests that, if the dusty disks and filaments have a common origin, the dust originates externally and requires time to dynamically relax and settle in the galaxy potential in the form of compact disks. More galaxies with visible dust than without dust display emission lines, indicative of ionized gas, although such nuclear activity does not show a preference for dusty disk over filamentary dust. There appears to be a weak relationship between the mass of the dusty disks and central velocity dispersion of the galaxy, suggesting a connection with a similar recently recognized relationship between the latter and the black hole mass.
description: 17 pages, including 10 figures & 7 tables, to be published in the Astronomical Journal
High-Temperature Photocurrent Mechanism of \b{eta}-Ga2O3 Based MSM Solar-Blind Photodetectors
Creators: name: Tak, B. R.
name: Garg, Manjari
name: Dewan, Sheetal
name: Torres-Castanedo, Carlos G.
name: Li, Kuang-Hui
name: Gupta, Vinay
name: Li, Xiaohang
name: Singh, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-temperature operation of metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) UV photodetectors fabricated on pulsed laser deposited \b{eta}-Ga2O3 thin films has been investigated. These photodetectors were operated up to 250 °C temperature under 255 nm illumination. The photo current to dark current (PDCR) ratio of about 7100 was observed at room temperature (RT) while it had a value 2.3 at 250 °C at 10 V applied bias. A decline in photocurrent was observed from RT to 150 °C and then it increased with temperature up to 250 °C. The suppression of the blue band was also observed from 150 °C temperature which indicated that self-trapped holes in Ga2O3 became unstable. Temperature-dependent rise and decay times of carriers were analyzed to understand the photocurrent mechanism and persistence photocurrent at high temperatures. Coupled electron-phonon interaction with holes was found to influence the photoresponse in the devices. The obtained results are encouraging and significant for high-temperature applications of \b{eta}-Ga2O3 MSM deep UV photodetectors.
Monte Carlo Study of the Separation of Energy Scales in Quantum Spin 1/2 Chains with Bond Disorder
Creators: name: Ammon, Beat
name: Sigrist, Manfred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One-dimensional Heisenberg spin 1/2 chains with random ferro- and antiferromagnetic bonds are realized in systems such as $Sr_3 CuPt_{1-x} Ir_x O_6$. We have investigated numerically the thermodynamic properties of a generic random bond model and of a realistic model of $Sr_3 CuPt_{1-x} Ir_x O_6$ by the quantum Monte Carlo loop algorithm. For the first time we demonstrate the separation into three different temperature regimes for the original Hamiltonian based on an exact treatment, especially we show that the intermediate temperature regime is well-defined and observable in both the specific heat and the magnetic susceptibility. The crossover between the regimes is indicated by peaks in the specific heat. The uniform magnetic susceptibility shows Curie-like behavior in the high-, intermediate- and low-temperature regime, with different values of the Curie constant in each regime. We show that these regimes are overlapping in the realistic model and give numerical data for the analysis of experimental tests.
description: 7 pages, 5 eps-figures included, typeset using JPSJ.sty, accepted for publication in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 68, Vol. 3. (1999)
Train-the-Trainer-Workshop: Open Access an Fachhochschulen und Hochschulen für Angewandte Wissenschaften – Multiplikator*innen für eine offene Wissenschaft
Creators: name: Martin, Linda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: open-access.network
Train-the-Trainer-Workshop
Open Access

description: Die Präsentation diente dem zweitägigen Train-the-Trainer-Workshop am 24. und 25. August 2021 als Basis. Der Online-Workshop richtete sich an Open-Access-Multiplikator*innen von Fachhochschulen und Hochschulen für Angewandte Wissenschaften. Im Vordergrund standen der Erwerb von Kenntnissen und die Anwendung didaktischer Methoden, die bei der Ausrichtung eigener Veranstaltungen unterstützen können. Weiterhin wurden der Erfahrungsaustausch zum Thema Open Access und die Möglichkeit zur Vernetzung untereinander fokussiert.
 Die Präsentation liegt als PPTX-Datei vor und kann gemäß der CC-BY-Lizenz nachgenutzt werden. Von dieser Lizenz ausgenommen sind verwendete Icons, Logos, Screenshots und Abbildungen. Wir begrüßen ausdrücklich die Weiterentwicklung und Anpassungen an die eigenen projektbezogenen, institutionellen Umsetzungen und Vorgaben und freuen uns über Hinweise und Rückmeldungen vorgenommener Änderungen.
General Relativistic Modification of a Pulsar Electromagnetic Field
Creators: name: Konno, Kohkichi
name: Kojima, Yasufumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an exterior electromagnetic field surrounding a rotating star endowed with a dipole magnetic field in the context of general relativity. The analytic solution for a stationary configuration is obtained, and the general relativistic modifications and the implications for pulsar radiation are investigated in detail. We find that the general relativistic corrections of both the electric field strength and the curvature radii of magnetic field lines tend to enhance the curvature radiation photon energy.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in Prog. Theor. Phys