cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Simulation-Based Optimization for Solar Cells and Modules with Novel Silver Nanowire Transparent Electrodes
Creators: name: Altazin, S.
name: Hiestand, R.
name: Fontenlos, M.
name: Ruhstaller, B.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2016
Subjects: New Materials and Concepts for Solar Cells and Modules
Fundamental Studies

description: 32nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 11-14
description: In this contribution, we present a modelling tool
allowing to efficiently optimize the design of solar
cells and modules in order to maximize the power
output for different application scenarios and reduce
the lateral electrical losses in the transparent
conducting electrodes (TCE). We investigate the
use of combined metal grids and conductive
polymers as well as silver nanowire materials for
enhancing the lateral conductivity of the TCEs.
These promising new TCE materials provide the
option to tune the conductivity and transparency,
therefore a smart electrode layout choice has to be
made for a specific application. We present the
optimization and parameter sweep calculations to
illustrate the design and customization freedom.
Numerical analysis of thermal performance of waste heat recovery shell and tube heat exchangers on counter-flow with different tube configurations
Creators: name: Ademola Fetuga, Ibrahim
name: Thomas Olakoyejo, Olabode
name: Mayokun Abolarin, Sogo
name: Kolawole Gbegudu, Joshua
name: Onwuegbusi, Adrian
name: Omolade Adelaja, Adekunle
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering

description: This study investigates the effect of tube layout configurations on the hydraulic-thermal performance of shell-and-tube heat exchangers (STHXs) as waste heat recovery systems. The STHXs are triangular (30), STHX-T), rotated triangular (60, STHX-RT), and combined (STHX-C). Water at a temperature of 10 C was circulated through a bundle of tubes inlet to recover waste heat from hot water at the temperature of 65 C. Water was circulated through the shell inlet within the mass flow rate range of 0.5 m_ 3.5 kg/s. ANSYS-Fluent was used to perform a three-dimensional computational study under steady-state conditions. The turbulence model, realizable k-epsilon, was adopted because of the possible transition from laminar to turbulence. The results were validated with the Kern correlation for shell-side heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop. The temperatures, pressure drop, velocity, and overall heat transfer coefficient for all the cases were compared. Temperature contours, pressure contour, velocity vector, and velocity contour were presented for flow visualization. When the simulation results of the different STHXs were compared, the results revealed that the STHX-T layout has the highest overall heat transfer coefficient of 2307.09 W/m2 K. The maximum pressure drop of 242.42 Pa, highest temperature drop in the shell zone of 4.48 K, and highest temperature rise in the tube side of 6.67 K, followed by STHX-C and STHX-RT layout were obtained.
A variational model for dislocations at semi-coherent interfaces
Creators: name: Fanzon, Silvio
name: Palombaro, Mariapia
name: Ponsiglione, Marcello
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 74B20, 74K10, 74N05, 49J45

description: We propose and analyze a simple variational model for dislocations at semi-coherent interfaces. The energy functional describes the competition between two terms: a surface energy induced by dislocations that compensate the lattice misfit at the interface, and a far field elastic energy, spent to decrease the amount of needed dislocations. We prove that the former scales like the surface area of the interface, the latter like its diameter. The proposed continuum model is deduced from some rigorous derivation from the semi-discrete theory of dislocations. Even if we deal with finite elasticity, linearized elasticity naturally emerges in our analysis since the far field strain vanishes as the interface size increases.
Tunable scattering cancellation of light using anisotropic cylindrical cavities
Creators: name: Díaz-Aviñó, Carlos
name: Naserpour, Mahin
name: Zapata-Rodríguez, Carlos J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Engineered core-shell cylinders are good candidates for applications in invisibility and cloaking.In particular, hyperbolic nanotubes demonstrate tunable ultra-low scattering cross section in the visible spectral range. In this work we investigate the limits of validity of the condition for invisibility, which was shown to rely on reaching an epsilon near zero in one of the components of the effective permittivity tensor of the anisotropic metamaterial cavity. For incident light polarized perpendicularly to the scatterer axis, critical deviations are found in low-birefringent arrangements and also with high-index cores. We demonstrate that the ability of anisotropic metallodielectric nanocavities to dramatically reduce the scattered light is associated with a multiple Fano-resonance phenomenon. We extensively explore such resonant effect to identify tunable windows of invisibility.
A Three Dimensional Phantom Node Method to Study Complex Crack Patterns in Photovoltaic Solar Cells
Creators: name: Budarapul, P.R.
name: Reinoso, J.
name: Paggi, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2016
Subjects: New Materials and Concepts for Solar Cells and Modules
Fundamental Studies

description: 32nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 25-27
description: In this paper, we introduced a novel three-dimensional shell based framework, coupling the Phantom
node method to study complex fracture patterns in PV Silicon cells. The developed framework has been applied to
study complex fracture patterns observed in a fatigue test carried out in [15]. Based on the estimated crack opening
displacement from the computational model, we are able to correlate the reasons for the development of inactive
areas leading to power loss. Therefore, we report that the critical crack opening displacements results in large
resistances along the crack lines, finally leading to electrically inactive areas depending on the fracture pattern.
Adolescence and other risk factors for Chlamydia trachomatis genitourinary infection in women in Melbourne, Australia
Creators: name: Williams, Henrietta.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Influence of a Very Efficient Back Reflectors on the Quantum Efficiency of Solar Cells
Creators: name: Micha, D.N.
name: Walker, A.
name: Siefer, G.
name: Dimroth, F.
name: Bett, A.W.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2016
Subjects: New Materials and Concepts for Solar Cells and Modules
Fundamental Studies

description: 32nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 20-24
description: Very reflective back side reflectors directly below the active region of a solar cell alter the photon absorption
and carrier collection dynamics in a manner that can be exploited for enhanced efficiency. The enlarged optical path
increases the short circuit current, and the confinement and (re)absorption of the photoluminescence leads to a higher
open circuit voltage through the photon recycling effect, which is critical in radiative limited solar cells. Furthermore,
interesting features arise in the experimental external and internal quantum efficiencies (EQE and IQE) for solar cells
with such reflective back side reflectors. This includes an increase in EQE magnitude compared to cells on absorptive
substrates, and an extension of the IQE edge towards longer wavelengths. The former characteristic is due to an
increased photon path length in the active region, which is a consequence of the high reflection occurring in the back
side. The latter, however, is not a real feature of the interaction between the light and the solar cell materials, but a
consequence of the way the IQE is defined and calculated. The resulting separation of the IQE and EQE near the
bandedge of the solar cell thus questions the concurrent definitions for the IQE commonly referred to in the literature,
which is clarified in this work. The influence of the definition of quantum efficiency in the material diffusion length
extraction is also discussed.
Probing the noncommutative effects of phase space in the time-dependent Aharonov-Bohm effect
Creators: name: Ma, Kai
name: Wang, Jian-Hua
name: Yang, Huan-Xiong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the noncommutative corrections on the time-dependent Aharonov-Bohm effect when both the coordinate-coordinate and momentum-momentum noncommutativities are considered. This study is motivated by the recent observation that there is no net phase shift in the time-dependent AB effect on the ordinary space, and therefore tiny derivation from zero can indicate new physics. The vanishing of the time-dependent AB phase shift on the ordinary space is preserved by the gauge and Lorentz symmetries. However, on the noncomutative phase space, while the ordinary gauge symmetry can be kept by the Seiberg-Witten map, but the Lorentz symmetry is broken. Therefore nontrivial noncommutative corrections are expected. We find there are three kinds of noncommutative corrections in general: 1) $ξ$-dependent correction which comes from the noncommutativity among momentum operators; 2) momentum-dependent correction which is rooted in the nonlocal interactions in the noncommutative extended model; 3) momentum-independent correction which emerges become of the gauge invariant condition on the nonlocal interactions in the noncommutative model. We proposed two dimensionless quantities, which are based on the distributions of the measured phase shift with respect to the external magnetic field and to the cross section enclosed by the particle trajectory, to extract the noncommutative parameters. We find that stronger (weaker) magnetic field strength can give better bounds on the coordinate-coordinate (momentum-momentum) noncommutative parameter, and large parameter space region can be explored by the time-dependent AB effect.
description: 12pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1604.02110
Influence of the Quantum Dot Capping Procedure on the Density of Defects in InAs/GaAs Quantum Dot Intermediate Band Solar Cells
Creators: name: Micha, D.N.
name: Weiner, E.C.
name: Jakomin, R.
name: Pinto, L.D.
name: Pires, M.P.
name: Souza, P.L.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2016
Subjects: New Materials and Concepts for Solar Cells and Modules
New Materials and Concepts for Cells

description: 32nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 36-38
description: In this work, the influence of different growth conditions of the cap layer of quantum dots on the figures of
merit of Intermediate Band Solar Cells is investigated. The optimized quantum dot capping procedure led to
improvements in all figures of merit, namely by 7.7% in short circuit current density, 41% in open circuit voltage,
29% in fill factor and 85% in efficiency, when the temperature of the In flush process increases from 630 to 700 ºC.
We attribute the improvement in the devices’ performance to a lower density of Shockley-Read-Hall recombination
centers, as the analysis of the dark current points out. Furthermore, the short circuit current density raises by 6.9%
when compared to the control solar cell (without quantum dots) due to subbandgap absorption.
Magnetic field and wind of Kappa Ceti: towards the planetary habitability of the young Sun when life arose on Earth
Creators: name: Nascimento, J. -D. do
name: Vidotto, A. A.
name: Folsom, P. Petit C.
name: Castro, M.
name: Marsden, S. C.
name: Morin, J.
name: de Mello, G. F. Porto
name: Meibom, S.
name: Jeffers, S. V.
name: Guinan, E.
name: Ribas, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report magnetic field measurements for Kappa1~Cet, a proxy of the young Sun when life arose on Earth. We carry out an analysis of the magnetic properties determined from spectropolarimetric observations and reconstruct its large-scale surface magnetic field to derive the magnetic environment, stellar winds and particle flux permeating the interplanetary medium around Kappa1~Cet. Our results show a closer magnetosphere and mass-loss rate of Mdot = 9.7 x 10^{-13} Msol/yr, i.e., a factor 50 times larger than the current solar wind mass-loss rate, resulting in a larger interaction via space weather disturbances between the stellar wind and a hypothetical young-Earth analogue, potentially affecting the planet's habitability. Interaction of the wind from the young Sun with the planetary ancient magnetic field may have affected the young Earth and its life conditions
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, Published at the Astrophysical Journal Letters (ApJL): Manuscript #LET33582
Muscle strength (MS) in very low birth weight (VLBW) children
Creators: name: Kaimakamis, Mary.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Improving BitTorrent's Peer Selection For Multimedia Content On-Demand Delivery
Creators: name: Streit, Ananda Gorck
name: Rodrigues, Carlo Kleber da Silva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The great efficiency achieved by the BitTorrent protocol for the distribution of large amounts of data inspired its adoption to provide multimedia content on-demand delivery over the Internet. As it is not designed for this purpose, some adjustments have been proposed in order to meet the related QoS requirements like low startup delay and smooth playback continuity. Accordingly, this paper introduces a BitTorrent-like proposal named as Quota-Based Peer Selection (QBPS). This proposal is mainly based on the adaptation of the original peer-selection policy of the BitTorrent protocol. Its validation is achieved by means of simulations and competitive analysis. The final results show that QBPS outperforms other recent proposals of the literature. For instance, it achieves a throughput optimization of up to 48.0% in low-provision capacity scenarios where users are very interactive.
description: International Journal of Computer Networks & Communications(IJCNC) Vol.7, No.6, November 2015
Optimizing Absorption in Resonant-Cavity-Enhanced Germanium Nanoabsorber Solar Cells for Tandem Application
Creators: name: Steenhoff, V.
name: Vehse, M.
name: Agert, C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2016
Subjects: New Materials and Concepts for Solar Cells and Modules
New Materials and Concepts for Cells

description: 32nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 39-41
description: Strong broadband absorption can be achieved in solar cells with only 25 nm thick amorphous germanium nanoabsorbers by taking advantage of the optical resonances generated between the electrodes of the devices. Two different configurations of such resonant-cavity-enhanced a-Ge:H solar cells have been investigated: When exploiting lowest-order resonances, broadband absorption enhancement is obtained, enabling a short circuit
current density of more than 20 mA cm-2 in single cells and 12 mA cm-2 in tandem devices. However, this requires the use of an extremely thin resonator and hence thin doped layers. This complicates electrical optimization, as too thin doped layers lead to poor charge carrier extraction. The approach presented here aims to solve this problem by specifically designing devices for application in a-Si:H/a-Ge:H tandem cells. In this case, only near-infrared light needs to be absorbed. This allows utilization of longer cavities producing second-order resonances inside the relevant
spectral range. As a result, thicker doped layers can be used, which improves the electrical device characteristics. In this contribution, we identify basic design rules to optimize the infrared absorption of such devices.
Fabrication of Strain-Compensated Heterojunction Ge/Si1-xCx Quantum Dots Solar Cells
Creators: name: Gotoh, K.
name: Oshima, R.
name: Tayagaki, T.
name: Sugaya, T.
name: Matsubara, K.
name: Kondo, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2016
Subjects: New Materials and Concepts for Solar Cells and Modules
New Materials and Concepts for Cells

description: 32nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 28-31
description: Heterojunction 50-layer-stacked Ge quantum dot solar cells (QDSCs) were fabricated via molecular
beam epitaxy using a strain-compensation technique. Si1-xCx materials consisting of a Si matrix with a small amount
of carbon (~0.05%) were used as strain-compensating layers (SCLs). In the 50-layer-stacked Ge QDs, large coalesced
islands with a density of 4.0  108 cm-2 were observed for QDs stacked with Si spacer layers, whereas the formation
of coalesced islands was effectively suppressed for QDs stacked with Si1-xCx SCLs. The external applied bias voltage
dependence on the short circuit current was calculated from external quantum efficiency measurements. This study
revealed that the carrier collection efficiency Ge/Si1-xCx QDSCs was superior to Ge/Si QDSCs, possibly due to the
reduction of non-radiative recombination centers associated with coalesced islands. As a result, the open circuit
voltage increased from 0.38 V for Ge/Si QDSCs to 0.42 V for Ge/Si1-xCx QDSCs.
Van der Waals Stacking Induced Topological Phase Transition in Layered Ternary Transition Metal Chalcogenides
Creators: name: Liu, Junwei
name: Wang, Hua
name: Fang, Chen
name: Fu, Liang
name: Qian, Xiaofeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Novel materials with nontrivial electronic and photonic band topology are crucial for realizing novel devices with low power consumption and heat dissipation, and quantum computing free of decoherence. Here using first-principles approach, we predict a class of ternary transition metal chalcogenides (TTMC) MM'Te$_4$ exhibits dual topological characteristics: quantum spin Hall (QSH) insulators in their 2D monolayers and topological Weyl semimetals in their 3D noncentrosymmetric crystals upon van der Waals (vdW) stacking. Remarkably, we find that one can create and annihilate Weyl fermions, and realize the transition between Type-I and Type-II Weyl fermions by tuning vdW interlayer spacing. Our calculations show that they possess excellent thermodynamic stability and weak interlayer binding, implying their great potentials for experimental synthesis, direct exfoliation and vdW heterostacking. Moreover, their ternary nature will offer more tunability for electronic structure by controlling different stoichiometry and valence charges. Our findings provide an ideal materials platform for realizing QSH effect and exploring topological phase transition, and will open up a variety of new opportunities for two-dimensional materials and topological materials research.
Seasonal Evolution on the Nucleus of Comet C/2013 A1 (Siding Spring)
Creators: name: Li, Jian-Yang
name: Samarasinha, Nalin H.
name: Kelley, Michael S. P.
name: Farnham, Tony L.
name: Bodewits, Dennis
name: Lisse, Carey M.
name: Mutchler, Max J.
name: A'Hearn, Michael F.
name: Delamere, W. Alan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observed Comet C/Siding Spring using the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) during its close approach to Mars. The high spatial resolution images obtained through the F689M, F775W, and F845M filters reveal the characteristics of the dust coma. The dust production rate of C/Siding Spring, quantified by $Afρ$, is 590$\pm$30, 640$\pm$30, and 670$\pm$30 cm in a 420 km-radius aperture at 38$^\circ$ solar phase angle through the three filters, respectively, consistent with other observations at similar time and geometry, and with model predictions based on earlier measurements. The dust expansion velocity is ~150-250 m s$^{-1}$ for micron-sized dust grains, similar to the speeds found for other comets. The coma has a color slope of (5.5$\pm$1.5)%/100 nm between 689 and 845 nm, similar to previous HST measurements at comparable aperture sizes, consistent with the lack of color dependence on heliocentric distance for almost all previously observed active comets. The rotational period of the nucleus of C/Siding Spring is determined from the periodic brightness variation in the coma to be 8.00$\pm$0.08 hours, with no excited rotational state detected. The dust coma shows a broad and diffuse fan-shaped feature in the sunward direction, with no temporal morphological variation observed. The projected orientation of the dust feature, combined with the previous analysis of the coma morphology and other characteristics, suggests secular activity evolution of the comet in its inner solar system passage as one previously observed active region turns off whereas new regions exposed to sunlight due to seasonal illumination change.
description: Accepted by ApJ Lett
Evaluating the higher national diploma industrial art programme of tamale technical university in Ghana: Curriculum versus implementation
Creators: name: Bukari, Musah
name: Osei-Poku, Patrick
name: Howard, Ebenezer Kofi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Cancer
Science Policy

description: In Ghana’s Polytechnics/Technical Universities, the Higher National Diploma (HND) programmes are ran to provide the country with its middle-skilled manpower base in science, engineering, technology, commerce and art for socio-economic development. However, the HND Industrial Art Programme of Tamale Technical University begun in 2008/2009 academic year and has since run up-to-date with options in Painting and Decorating (P/D), Leatherwork, Textiles and Ceramics without any form of evaluation to ascertain its impact in the country despite the numerous calls from stakeholders. Therefore, the study sought to examine the impact of the HND Industrial Art Programme of Tamale Technical University on the Art Industry in Ghana. To conduct the study, the main objective was to evaluate the scope and content of the curriculum of the HND Industrial Art Programme with reference to its implementation in the University. The Concurrent Triangulation Mixed-Method research design involving both qualitative (case study, document and descriptive analysis) and quantitative research were adopted to undertake the research. Questionnaire, interview and observation guides were relied as tools to collect data for the study. A sample population of 223 (present students: 57, graduates: 137, lecturers/technicians: 13 and industrial attachment supervisors: 16) was selected using purposive, random and snowball sampling techniques. From the study, the major finding is that, the curricula of the programme’s options provided students with knowledge and skills required in their respective industries as conceived by the Department. Nonetheless, with time and advancement in technology as being noted in the industry, some of the courses require review to catch up with industry standards. The findings from the study have implication on the training of students in the Country. It is therefore recommended that appropriate steps should be taken in conjunction with relevant stakeholders to have a holistic review of the curriculum to make it relevant.
Evaluation of the Western Region Health Centre's, "Culturally Appropriate Diabetes Prevention & Management Program for the Vietnamese community"
Creators: name: Natoli, Lisa.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Thin GaAsSb Capping Layers for Improved Performance of InAs/GaAs Quantum Dot Solar Cells
Creators: name: Utrilla, A.D.
name: Fernández Reyes, D.F.
name: Llorens, J.M.
name: Gonzalo, A.
name: Artacho, I.
name: Ben, T.
name: González, D.
name: Gacevic, Z.
name: Guzmán, A.
name: Hierro, A.
name: Ulloa, J.M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2016
Subjects: New Materials and Concepts for Solar Cells and Modules
New Materials and Concepts for Cells

description: 32nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 32-35
description: The use of thin GaAsSb capping layers (CLs) is demonstrated to provide InAs/GaAs quantum dot
(QD) solar cells (SCs) with improved efficiencies up to 20%. The application of such CLs allows the tunability of the
QD ground state, switching the QD-CL band alignment to type II for high Sb contents and extending the
photoresponse up to 1.5 μm. Moreover, the CL provides a significant contribution to the photocurrent. An improved
carrier collection efficiency is also found to be a main reason behind the increase of the short-circuit current density,
unveiling a negative impact of the wetting layer (WL) on carrier transport in standard InAs/GaAs QD SCs.
Calculations from an 8×8 k·p method suggest the attribution of such an improvement to longer carrier lifetimes in the
WL-CL structure due to the transition to a type-II band alignment in Sb-containing structures. A faster open-circuit
voltage recovery under light concentration is demonstrated for high Sb content type-II QD-CL structures, leading, in
turn, to faster efficiency improvements with light power.
Towards Robustness in Residue Number Systems
Creators: name: Xiao, Li
name: Xia, Xiang-Gen
name: Huo, Haiye
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The problem of robustly reconstructing a large number from its erroneous remainders with respect to several moduli, namely the robust remaindering problem, may occur in many applications including phase unwrapping, frequency detection from several undersampled waveforms, wireless sensor networks, etc. Assuming that the dynamic range of the large number is the maximal possible one, i.e., the least common multiple (lcm) of all the moduli, a method called robust Chinese remainder theorem (CRT) for solving the robust remaindering problem has been recently proposed. In this paper, by relaxing the assumption that the dynamic range is fixed to be the lcm of all the moduli, a trade-off between the dynamic range and the robustness bound for two-modular systems is studied. It basically says that a decrease in the dynamic range may lead to an increase of the robustness bound. We first obtain a general condition on the remainder errors and derive the exact dynamic range with a closed-form formula for the robustness to hold. We then propose simple closed-form reconstruction algorithms. Furthermore, the newly obtained two-modular results are applied to the robust reconstruction for multi-modular systems and generalized to real numbers. Finally, some simulations are carried out to verify our proposed theoretical results.
description: 32 pages, 5 figures
Optical Evaluation of Multi-Wire Modules
Creators: name: McIntosh, K.R.
name: Abbott, M.D.
name: Edwards, M.B.
name: Evans, R.
name: Yao, Y.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2016
Subjects: New Materials and Concepts for Solar Cells and Modules
Fundamental Studies

description: 32nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 15-19
description: Multi-wire interconnects are currently being commercialized by several large PV companies to replace
the traditional flat-tabbed busbars. Advantages of multi-wires include reduced silver usage, lower grid resistance,
higher tolerance to cracks, and improved optics. This paper evaluates the optical losses of a multi-wire module and
compares them to those of busbar modules. It includes the first application of ray tracing to multi-wire modules and
finds that the results agree reasonably well with some published experimental mini-modules with similar wires and
cells. The simulations also indicate that the optical advantage of multi-wire modules should increase slightly as the
angle of incidence changes from 0 to 80°, whether for cells with random pyramids or isotexturing. We also find that
the effective optical width of the wires increases as the number of wires increases, and that it is approximately 60% of
the wire diameter for typical multi-wire applications; this effective width is significantly greater than what is
calculated from a geometrical assessment of a singe wire.
Successive magnetic orderings in the Ising spin chain magnet DyNi$_5$Ge$_3$
Creators: name: Ge, H.
name: Zhang, L.
name: Zhao, N.
name: Yang, J.
name: Wang, L.
name: Zhou, L.
name: Fu, Y.
name: Li, T. T.
name: Song, Z. M.
name: Ding, F.
name: Xu, J. B.
name: Zhang, Y. F.
name: Wang, S. M.
name: Mei, J. W.
name: Tong, X.
name: Miao, P.
name: He, H.
name: Zhanghang, Q.
name: Wu, L. S.
name: Sheng, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this report, we investigated a new rare earth based one-dimensional Ising spin chain magnet~\DNG~by means of magnetization, specific heat and powder neutron diffraction measurements. Due to the crystalline electrical field splitting, the magnetic Dy ions share an Ising like ground doublet state. Owning to the local point symmetry, these Ising moments form into two canted magnetic sublattices, which were further confirmed by the angle-dependent magnetization measurement. In zero fields, two successive antiferromagnetic phase transitions were found at temperatures $T_{\mathrm{N1}}=6~\rm K$ and $T_{\mathrm{N2}}=5~\rm K$, respectively. Only part of the moments are statically ordered in this intermediate state between $T_{\mathrm{N1}}$ and $T_{\mathrm{N2}}$. Powder neutron diffraction experiments at different temperatures were performed as well. An incommensurate magnetic propagation vector of $\mathbf{k_{\rm m}}=(0.5,0.4,0.5)$ was identified. The refined spin configurations through the irreducible representation analysis confirmed that these Ising spins are canted in the crystal $ab$~plane.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
The relationship and factors affecting perceptions and applications of the deliberative and dynamic curriculum renewal model
Creators: name: Alghamdi, Abdulmajeed
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: This study examines academic staff’s perceptions and applications of the deliberative and dynamic curriculum renewal model (DDCRM) in terms of developing curriculum renewal strategies, identifying graduate attributes, mapping learning pathways, auditing learning outcomes, developing and updating curricula and implementing programmes. The study was conducted at 21 faculties of education of the public universities across Saudi Arabia. The data included a total of 218 academic staff responded to a 5-point Likert scale and multiple-choice questions. A descriptive analysis, t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Scheffe test were used to analyse the data. The results indicate inconsistencies between academic staff perceptions and the application of DDCRM. The factors, both university-and system-related, included a lack of graduate attributes in the current accreditation requirements, heavy focus on short-termism in higher education and a lack of competencies seem to account for this inconsistency.
Innovative Approaches to Interconnect Back-Contact Cells
Creators: name: Govaerts, J.
name: Borgers, T.
name: Voroshazi, E.
name: Jambaldinni, S.
name: O’Sullivan, B.
name: Singh, S.
name: Debucquoy, M.
name: Szlufcik, J.
name: Poortmans, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2016
Subjects: New Materials and Concepts for Solar Cells and Modules
New Materials and Concepts for Modules

description: 32nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1-4
description: This paper reports on a novel and highly innovative technology to interconnect back-contact cells. First
a background section explains the currently developed interconnection technologies. Then our novel concept is
introduced: interconnection of the cells is achieved with a woven fabric, combining both conductive wires, needed for
the interconnection, and insulating wires, crucial to avoid shunting between both polarities at the backside of the cell.
Weaving also allows out-of-plane stress relief features. In the third section, we explain that our technology combines
the advantages of multi-wire interconnection such as low-stress and reduced resistive losses with known and low-cost
materials of traditional module assembly.
We demonstrate that the technology can be tuned broadly in terms of costs and resistive losses using an optimized
interconnection pattern. These loss simulations are also validated with the measured additional resistance in IBC test
samples. Finally, first functional proof-of-concept with MWT cells as well as IBC cells have been fabricated.
Decision making by Berry's flux
Creators: name: Sung, Benjamin O.
name: Lawler, Michael J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Order by disorder is a decision making process for frustrated systems but often leads to simple answers. We study order by disorder in the kagome Kondo model known for its complexity seeking rich decision making capabilities. At half filling and large Kondo coupling to hopping ratio $J_K/t$, the full manifold of 120$^o$ kagome ground states are degenerate at second order in $t/J_K$. We show this degeneracy lifts at sixth order when a fermion can hop around a hexagon and feel the Berry flux induced by a given spin texture. Using Monte-Carlo we then seek the ground state of this sixth order Hamiltonian and find in a 4x4 unit cell system that a co-planar 2x4 unit cell order is selected over the $\sqrt{3}\times\sqrt{3}$, $q=0$ and cuboc1 states, a result that survives even in the thermodynamic limit. This state is selected for its SU(2) flux properties induced by the spin texture and is analogous to the integer quantum Hall effect. Given the existence of numerous quantum Hall plateaus in other systems, the existence of this 2x4 unit cell state suggests that complex decision making is possible on the manifold of 120$^o$ states and achievable in different kagome-Kondo models.
Improvement of a Prediction Model for Potential Induced Degradation by Better Understanding the Regeneration Mechanism
Creators: name: Koch, S.
name: Berghold, J.
name: Hinz, C.
name: Krauter, S.
name: Grunow, P.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2015
Subjects: OPERATIONS, PERFORMANCE AND RELIABILITY OF PHOTOVOLTAICS (FROM CELLS TO SYSTEMS)
PV Modules

description: 31st European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1813-1820
description: This paper is the continuation of the work presented at the EUPVEC 2013 and 2014 [1, 2]. It will present the further developed PID simulation model. The potential-induced-degradation (PID) effect can be described mainly by two parameters. The performance of a solar module is its essential characteristics. Its power reduction is related to the increase of the shunt resistance, which indicates PID. The purpose of this work is the development of a PID prediction model using climate data. For the mathematical description of the degradation process, a “logistic” function is presented. This feature is already applied in other fields of research and is here adjusted for simulating potential-induced degradation. With this function it is possible to describe mathematically the performance measured and the related shunt resistance. A main topic in that advanced prediction model is the aspect of regeneration. The influencing parameters for the regeneration can be divided into accelerating and decelerating factors. This work will underline the importance of understanding the regeneration on the way to fully understand PID.
Open clusters in AurOB2
Creators: name: Marco, A.
name: Negueruela, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the area around the HII region Sh 2-234, including the young open cluster Stock 8, to investigate the extent and definition of the association Aur OB2 and the possible role of triggering in massive cluster formation. We obtained Strömgren and J,H,Ks photometry for Stock 8 and Strömgren photometry for two other cluster candidates in the area, which we confirm as young open clusters and name Alicante 11 and Alicante 12. We took spectroscopy of 33 early-type stars in the area, including the brightest cluster members. We calculate a common distance of $2.80^{+0.27}_{-0.24}$ kpc for the three open clusters and surrounding association. We derive an age 4-6 Ma for Stock 8, and do not find a significantly different age for the other clusters or the association. The star LSV +34 23, with spectral type O8 II(f), is likely the main source of ionization of Sh 2-234. We observe an important population of pre-main sequence stars, some of them with disks, associated with the B-type members lying on the main-sequence. We interpret the region as an area of recent star formation with some residual and very localized ongoing star formation. We do not find evidence for sequential star formation on a large scale. The classical definition of Aur OB2 has to be reconsidered, because its two main open clusters, Stock 8 and NGC 1893, are not at the same distance. Stock 8 is probably located in the Perseus arm, but other nearby HII regions whose distances also place them in this arm show quite different distances and radial velocities and, therefore, are not connected.
description: 29 pages, 17 figures Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Stacked Charge Stripes in Quasi-Two_Dimensional Trilayer Nickelate La4Ni3O8
Creators: name: Zhang, Junjie
name: Chen, Yu-Sheng
name: Phelan, D.
name: Zheng, Hong
name: Norman, M. R.
name: Mitchell, J. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quasi-two-dimensional nickelate La4Ni3O8 (La-438) is an anion deficient n=3 Ruddlesden-Popper (R-P) phase that consists of trilayer networks of square planar Ni ions, formally assigned as Ni1+ and Ni2+ in a 2:1 ratio. While previous studies on polycrystalline samples have identified a 105 K phase transition with a pronounced electronic and magnetic response but weak lattice character, no consensus on the origin of this transition has been reached. Here we show using synchrotron x-ray diffraction on high-pO2 floating-zone grown single crystals that this transition is driven by a real space ordering of charge into a quasi-2D charge stripe ground state. The charge stripe superlattice propagation vector, q=(2/3, 0, 1), corresponds with that found in the related 1/3-hole doped single layer Ruddlesden-Popper nickelate, La5/3Sr1/3NiO4 (LSNO-1/3, Ni2.33+) with orientation at 45-degrees to the Ni-O bonds. Like LSNO-1/3, the charge stripes in La-438 are weakly correlated along the c axis to form a staggered ABAB stacking that minimizes the Coulomb repulsion among the stripes. Surprisingly, however, we find that the charge stripes within each trilayer of La-438 are stacked in phase from one layer to the next, at odds with any simple Coulomb repulsion argument.
Measurement, interpretation and information
Creators: name: Lombardi, Olimpia
name: Fortin, Sebastian
name: Lopez, Cristian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During many years since the birth of quantum mechanics, instrumentalist interpretations prevailed: the meaning of the theory was expressed in terms of measurements results. But in the last decades, several attempts to interpret it from a realist viewpoint have been proposed. Among them, modal interpretations supply a realist non-collapse account, according to which the system always has definite properties and the quantum state represents possibilities, not actualities. However, the traditional modal interpretations faced some conceptual problems when addressing imperfect measurements. The modal-Hamiltonian interpretation, on the contrary, proved to be able to supply an adequate account of the measurement problem, both in its ideal and its non-ideal versions. Moreover, in the non-ideal case, it gives a precise criterion to distinguish between reliable and non-reliable measurements. Nevertheless, that criterion depends on the particular state of the measured system, and this might be considered as a shortcoming of the proposal. In fact, one could ask for a criterion of reliability that does not depend on the features of what is measured but only on the properties of the measurement device. The aim of this article is precisely to supply such a criterion: we will adopt an informational perspective for this purpose.
description: 19 pages
Transient I-V Measurement Set-Up for Photovoltaic Laser Power Converters under Monochromatic Irradiance
Creators: name: Reichmuth, S.K.
name: Helmers, H.
name: Garza, C.E.
name: Vahle, D.
name: De Boer, M.
name: Stevens, L.
name: Mundus, M.
name: Bett, A.W.
name: Siefer, G.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2016
Subjects: New Materials and Concepts for Solar Cells and Modules
Fundamental Studies

description: 32nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 5-10
description: A new I-V measurement set-up called LaserSim has been developed for photovoltaic laser power
converters – photovoltaic cells optimized for monochromatic artificial light - providing irradiances of up to
89 W/cm². The evaluation of the set-up and first I-V curve and efficiency measurements are presented. Similar to
flash simulators used for I-V characterization of solar cells, the LaserSim is using transient measurement routines to
avoid an influence of heating of the samples during measurement. An excellent light uniformity in the designated test
area was realized. A beam sampler allows for in-situ irradiance determination while recording I-V data. This is
mandatory for characterization of devices showing a non-linear behavior of short circuit current with irradiance.
Efficiency values under monochromatic light at 809 nm have been measured for a single junction GaAs cell (55.6 %)
and a dual-junction GaAs device (53.5 %).
Emitter Degradation Induced by a Rear Laser-Firing Process in Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells
Creators: name: Morales-Vilches, A.B.
name: Voz Sánchez, C.
name: Colina Brito, M.
name: Martín, I.
name: Ortega, P.
name: Orpella, A.
name: López, G.
name: Alcubilla González, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2014
Subjects: WAFER-BASED SILICON SOLAR CELLS AND MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 29th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 893-896
description: The optimization of the emitter in silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells is of key importance to
obtain high-efficiency devices. In our case, the emitter consists of a very thin stack (~15 nm) of hydrogenated
amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) layers coated by a 80 nm thick indium-tin-oxide antireflection electrode. A novel laserfiring
process has been applied on the rear side to contact our complete devices based on p-type wafers. Particularly,
a pulsed Nd-YAG infrared laser (1064 nm) was used to locally diffuse aluminium contacts through an alumina/a-
SiCx:H passivating stack. In this work we investigate the damage that this laser-firing process could induce in the
emitter because of an overheating of the sample at this step. Two parallel fabrication processes of SHJ solar cells
have been implemented varying only the order of the laser treatment to investigate its influence on the emitter
surface. An effective lifetime about a 30% higher was measured in device precursors for which the emitter was
deposited after the laser-firing step. Also for this fabrication sequence the open-circuit voltage of complete devices
was more than 25 mV higher. These results suggest that a degradation of the heterojunction emitter could be taking
place during the laser-firing process.
SLED Phenomenology: Curvature vs. Volume
Creators: name: Niedermann, Florian
name: Schneider, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We assess the question whether the SLED (Supersymmetric Large Extra Dimensions) model admits phenomenologically viable solutions with 4D maximal symmetry. We take into account a finite brane width and a scale invariance (SI) breaking dilaton-brane coupling, both of which should be included in a realistic setup. Provided that the microscopic size of the brane is not tuned much smaller than the fundamental bulk Planck length, we find that either the 4D curvature or the size of the extra dimensions is unacceptably large. Since this result is independent of the dilaton-brane couplings, it provides the biggest challenge to the SLED program. In addition, to clarify its potential with respect to the cosmological constant problem, we infer the amount of tuning on model parameters required to obtain a sufficiently small 4D curvature. A first answer was recently given in [arXiv:1508.01124], showing that 4D flat solutions are only ensured in the SI case by imposing a tuning relation, even if a brane-localized flux is included. In this companion paper, we find that the tuning can in fact be avoided for certain SI breaking brane-dilaton couplings, but only at the price of worsening the phenomenological problem. Our results are obtained by solving the full coupled Einstein-dilaton system in a completely consistent way. The brane width is implemented using a well-known ring regularization. In passing, we note that for the couplings considered here the results of [arXiv:1508.01124] (which only treated infinitely thin branes) are all consistently recovered in the thin brane limit, and how this can be reconciled with the concerns about their correctness, recently brought up in [arXiv:1509.04201].
description: 28 pages, 4 figures