cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
How the past influences the future: flood risk perception in informal settlements
Creators: name: Tasantab, Chati Jerry
name: Gajendran, Thayaparan
name: Maund, Kim
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This study presents fresh evidence from an informal settlement in Accra, Ghana, examining how knowledge, understanding, experiences, and feelings about flood risk influence the flood risk perceptions of residents. The study adopted a mixed-methods approach, involving the collection and analysis of qualitative and quantitative data. We collected the data through seventeen interviews and 392 household surveys in Glefe, Accra, Ghana. We then conducted a thematic analysis of the qualitative data to understand participants' perceptions and the factors influencing their flood risk perceptions. The factors were used to produce hypotheses about flood risk perception. We subsequently performed regression analyses using the quantitative data to test the hypothesised relationships. The findings revealed that fear, flood experience, and coping experience were the major factors influencing residents' flood risk perceptions. Taken together, these factors had varying levels of influence on risk perceptions, with fear being the most statistically significant. However, it seems that experience held sway over residents' opinions, views, and perceptions. The perceived likelihood of future flooding events was therefore determined by residents' experience with flooding and coping. The study recommends incorporating the flooding and coping experiences of residents into adaptation mechanisms because these influence their perceptions of the flooding risks.
Measurement of the $ω\to π^+ π^- π^0$ Dalitz plot distribution
Creators: name: COSY Collaboration
name: Adlarson, P.
name: Augustyniak, W.
name: Bardan, W.
name: Bashkanov, M.
name: Bergmann, F. S.
name: Berłowski, M.
name: Bhatt, H.
name: Bondar, A.
name: Büscher, M.
name: Calén, H.
name: Ciepał, I.
name: Clement, H.
name: Czerwiński, E.
name: Demmich, K.
name: Engels, R.
name: Erven, A.
name: Erven, W.
name: Eyrich, W.
name: Fedorets, P.
name: Föhl, K.
name: Fransson, K.
name: Goldenbaum, F.
name: Goswami, A.
name: Grigoryev, K.
name: Gullström, C. -O.
name: Heijkenskjöld, L.
name: Hejny, V.
name: Hüsken, N.
name: Jarczyk, L.
name: Johansson, T.
name: Kamys, B.
name: Kemmerling, G.
name: Khan, F. A.
name: Khatri, G.
name: Khoukaz, A.
name: Khreptak, O.
name: Kirillov, D. A.
name: Kistryn, S.
name: Kleines, H.
name: Kłos, B.
name: Krzemień, W.
name: Kulessa, P.
name: Kupść, A.
name: Kuzmin, A.
name: Lalwani, K.
name: Lersch, D.
name: Lorentz, B.
name: Magiera, A.
name: Maier, R.
name: Marciniewski, P.
name: Mariański, B.
name: Morsch, H. -P.
name: Moskal, P.
name: Ohm, H.
name: del Rio, E. Perez
name: Piskunov, N. M.
name: Prasuhn, D.
name: Pszczel, D.
name: Pysz, K.
name: Pyszniak, A.
name: Ritman, J.
name: Roy, A.
name: Rudy, Z.
name: Rundel, O.
name: Sawant, S.
name: Schadmand, S.
name: Schätti-Ozerianska, I.
name: Sefzick, T.
name: Serdyuk, V.
name: Shwartz, B.
name: Sitterberg, K.
name: Skorodko, T.
name: Skurzok, M.
name: Smyrski, J.
name: Sopov, V.
name: Stassen, R.
name: Stepaniak, J.
name: Stephan, E.
name: Sterzenbach, G.
name: Stockhorst, H.
name: Ströher, H.
name: Szczurek, A.
name: Trzciński, A.
name: Varma, R.
name: Wolke, M.
name: Wrońska, A.
name: Wüstner, P.
name: Yamamoto, A.
name: Zabierowski, J.
name: Zieliński, M. J.
name: Złomańczuk, J.
name: Żuprański, P.
name: Żurek, M.
name: Kubis, B.
name: Leupold, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the production reactions $pd\to {}^3\mbox{He}\,ω$ and $pp\to ppω$, the Dalitz plot distribution for the $ω\to π^+ π^- π^0$ decay is studied with the WASA detector at COSY, based on a combined data sample of $ (4.408\pm 0.042) \times 10^4$ events. The Dalitz plot density is parametrised by a product of the $P$-wave phase space and a polynomial expansion in the normalised polar Dalitz plot variables $Z$ and $ϕ$. For the first time, a deviation from pure $P$-wave phase space is observed with a significance of $4.1σ$. The deviation is parametrised by a linear term $1+2αZ$, with $α$ determined to be $+0.147\pm0.036$, consistent with the expectations of $ρ$-meson-type final-state interactions of the $P$-wave pion pairs.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
#TELresearchers & #HEresearchers with Prof. Peter Bryant
Creators: name: Wong, Puiyin
Publisher: name: National Teaching Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 390405
subject: Educational technology and computing
classificationCode: 390303
subject: Higher education

description: This is a #TELresearchers sessionPeter's pedagogic research interests include digital identity and social media, the influences and impacts of digital pedagogies, the relationship between learning spaces, design and pedagogy, and institutional resistance to technology within the higher education, more specifically business education spaces. Peter is also leading research on engaging with and delivering strategic pedagogical change in Business Schools. Learn more about Peter: https://bit.ly/PBryant_1023
Parallax and orbital effects in astrometric microlensing with binary sources
Creators: name: Nucita, A. A.
name: De Paolis, F.
name: Ingrosso, G.
name: Giordano, M.
name: Manni, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In gravitational microlensing, binary systems may act as lenses or sources. Identifying lens binarity is generally easy especially in events characterized by caustic crossing since the resulting light curve exhibits strong deviations from smooth single-lensing light curve. On the contrary, light curves with minor deviations from a Paczyński behaviour do not allow one to identify the source binarity. A consequence of the gravitational microlensing is the shift of the position of the multiple image centroid with respect to the source star location - the so called astrometric microlensing signal. When the astrometric signal is considered, the presence of a binary source manifests with a path that largely differs from that expected for single-source events. Here, we investigate the astrometric signatures of binary sources taking into account their orbital motion and the parallax effect due to the Earth motion, which turn out not to be negligible in most cases. We also show that considering the above-mentioned effects is important in the analysis of astrometric data in order to correctly estimate the lens-event parameters.
description: Published on ApJ, 2016, 823, 120
Supplementary Material of "NoRBERT: Transfer Learning for Requirements Classification"
Creators: name: Hey, Tobias
name: Keim, Jan
name: Koziolek, Anne
name: Tichy, Walter F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Requirements Classification
Requirements Engineering
Machine Learning
BERT
Functional Requirements Concerns

description: This is the supplementary material of the paper "NoRBERT: Transfer Learning for Requirements Classification" at RE20. In this paper we explore the performance of transfer learning (with Google's language model BERT) on different tasks in requirements classification. Especially the performance on projects, completely unseen during training, is in the focus of the paper.
 Additionally, we developed a new dataset based on the Promise NFR dataset, that includes a more fine-grained labeling of functional requirement based on their concerns (Function, Data, Behavior). This repository contains the datasets and code used in the paper, as well as additional results: Dataset contains the labeled dataset for the classification of functional requirements concerns (based on Promise NFR dataset) as well as information about our labeling (results of each annotator and Krippendorf's Alpha, KALPHA) Code contains the python notebooks (code) and datasets used for Task 1: Binary F/NFR classification (on Promise NFR dataset) Task 2: Classification of most frequent NFR subclasses (on Promise NFR dataset) Task 3: Classification of all NFR subclasses (on Promise NFR dataset) Task 4: Functional and Quality aspects classification (on relabeled Promise NFR dataset) Task 5: Classification of functional requirement concerns (on functional concerns dataset) Notebooks to apply pretrained models for each task to an input requirement and pretrained models for each task Results contains the results of all tested hyperparameter configurations for each task Note that we are not able to provide the actual models that were used to produce the results of the paper.
 We used cross validation experiments that would result in a huge amount of model files per experiment run on each task.
 As the model files are quite large this is not feasible.
 The results may still be reproduced with the supplied notebooks. Attribution (of datasets used): The Promise Dataset can be attributed to Jane Cleland-Huang and was provided for the RE'17 Data Challenge.
 Jane Cleland-Huang, Sepideh Mazrouee, Huang Liguo, & Dan Port. (2007). nfr [Data set]. Zenodo. Available: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.268542
 RE'17 Data Challenge: http://ctp.di.fct.unl.pt/RE2017/pages/submission/data_papers/
 See also: Sayyad Shirabad, J. and Menzies, T.J. (2005) The PROMISE Repository of Software Engineering Databases. School of Information Technology and Engineering, University of Ottawa, Canada. Available: http://promise.site.uottawa.ca/SERepository The relabeled dataset can be attributed to Dalpiaz et al: F. Dalpiaz, D. Dell’Anna, F. B. Aydemir, and S. Çevikol, “explainable-re/re-2019-materials,” Jul.2019. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3309669
Solar Coronal Jets: Observations, Theory, and Modeling
Creators: name: Raouafi, N. E.
name: Patsourakos, S.
name: Pariat, E.
name: Young, P. R.
name: Sterling, A. C.
name: Savcheva, A.
name: Shimojo, M.
name: Moreno-Insertis, F.
name: DeVore, C. R.
name: Archontis, V.
name: Török, T.
name: Mason, H.
name: Curdt, W.
name: Meyer, K.
name: Dalmasse, K.
name: Matsui, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coronal jets represent important manifestations of ubiquitous solar transients, which may be the source of significant mass and energy input to the upper solar atmosphere and the solar wind. While the energy involved in a jet-like event is smaller than that of "nominal" solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs), jets share many common properties with these phenomena, in particular, the explosive magnetically driven dynamics. Studies of jets could, therefore, provide critical insight for understanding the larger, more complex drivers of the solar activity. On the other side of the size-spectrum, the study of jets could also supply important clues on the physics of transients close or at the limit of the current spatial resolution such as spicules. Furthermore, jet phenomena may hint to basic process for heating the corona and accelerating the solar wind; consequently their study gives us the opportunity to attack a broad range of solar-heliospheric problems.
description: 53 pages, 24 figures
Past experience of drought, drought risk perception, and climate mitigation and adaptation decisions by farmers in New Zealand
Creators: name: Nguyen, Thi Mui
name: Stahlmann-Brown, Philip
name: Noy, Ilan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We analyze the perception of farmers in New Zealand with regards to future drought risk as shaped by climatic change and the implications of these perceptions for climate mitigation and adaptation actions that these farmers choose to pursue. The policy options examined include reducing greenhouse gas emissions, strengthening climate resilience, and using water resources more efficiently. Almost all farmers in New Zealand expect an increase in drought frequency and intensity by 2050. We also find that age, gender, and education are correlated with future drought risk perceptions by farmers. Female farmers and farmers with higher education are more concerned about future droughts. Importantly, drought perception of farmers is associated with their climate-related mitigation and adaptation preferences. If farmers perceive an increase in drought risk by 2050, they will focus more on reducing greenhouse gas emissions, increasing the climate resilience of their farms, and trying to improve their use of water resources. Understanding how drought risk perceptions are shaped, and specifically their role in determining mitigation and adaptation decisions, may shed some useful light that can improve policy responses to the risks of droughts and climate change more broadly.
String Theory and the Dark Glueball Problem
Creators: name: Halverson, James
name: Nelson, Brent D.
name: Ruehle, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study cosmological constraints on dark pure Yang-Mills sectors. Dark glueballs are overproduced for large regions of ultraviolet parameter space. The problem may be alleviated in two ways: via a large preferential reheating into the visible sector, motivating certain inflation or modulus decay models, or via decays into axions or moduli, which are strongly constrained by nucleosynthesis and $ΔN_{\text{eff}}$ bounds. String models frequently have multiple hidden Yang-Mills sectors, which are subject to even stronger constraints due to the existence of multiple dark glueballs.
description: 10 pages
A nonlinear structural subgrid-scale closure for compressible MHD Part I: derivation and energy dissipation properties
Creators: name: Vlaykov, Dimitar G
name: Grete, Philipp
name: Schmidt, Wolfram
name: Schleicher, Dominik R G
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Compressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence is ubiquitous in astrophysical phenomena ranging from the intergalactic to the stellar scales. In studying them, numerical simulations are nearly inescapable, due to the large degree of nonlinearity involved. However the dynamical ranges of these phenomena are much larger than what is computationally accessible. In large eddy simulations (LES), the resulting limited resolution effects are addressed explicitly by introducing to the equations of motion additional terms associated with the unresolved, subgrid-scale (SGS) dynamics. This renders the system unclosed. We derive a set of nonlinear structural closures for the ideal MHD LES equations with particular emphasis on the effects of compressibility. The closures are based on a gradient expansion of the finite-resolution operator (W.K. Yeo CUP 1993, ed. Galperin & Orszag) and require no assumptions about the nature of the flow or magnetic field. Thus the scope of their applicability ranges from the sub- to the hyper-sonic and -Alfvenic regimes. The closures support spectral energy cascades both up and down-scale, as well as direct transfer between kinetic and magnetic resolved and unresolved energy budgets. They implicitly take into account the local geometry, and in particular the anisotropy, of the flow. Their properties are $\textit{a priori}$ validated in an accompanying article (Grete et al. Phys. Plasmas, 2016) against alternative closures available in the literature with respect to a wide range of simulation data of homogeneous and isotropic turbulence.
description: 10 pages; accepted for publication by Physics of Plasmas
Statistical properties and lensing effect on the repeating fast radio burst FRB 180916.J0158+65
Creators: name: Wang, Yu-Bin
name: Kurban, Abdusattar
name: Zhou, Xia
name: Yu, Yun-Wei
name: Wang, Na
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: FRB 180916.J0158+65 is a well-known repeating fast radio burst with a period ($16.35~\rm days$) and an active window ($5.0~\rm days$). We give out the statistical results of the dispersion measures and waiting times of bursts of FRB 180916.J0158+65. We find the dispersion measures at the different frequencies show a bimodal distribution. The peaking dispersion measures of the left mode of the bimodal distributions increase with frequency, but the right one is inverse. The waiting times also present the bimodal distribution, peaking at 0.05622s and 1612.91266s. The peaking time is irrelevant to the properties of bursts, either for the preceding or subsequent burst. By comparing the statistical results with possible theoretical models, we suggest that FRB 180916.J0158+65 suffered from the plasma lensing effects in the propagation path. Moreover, this source may be originated from a highly magnetized neutron star in a high-mass X-ray binary.
Extracting Majorana Properties in the Throat of Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay
Creators: name: Ge, Shao-Feng
name: Lindner, Manfred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Assuming that neutrinos are Majorana particles, we explore what information can be inferred from future strong limits (i.e. non-observation) for neutrinoless double beta decay. Specifically we consider the case where the mass hierarchy is normal and the different contributions to the effective mass $\langle m \rangle_{ee}$ partly cancel. We discuss how this fixes the two Majorana CP phases simultaneously from the Majorana Triangle and how it limits the lightest neutrino mass $m_1$ within a narrow window. The two Majorana CP phases are in this case even better determined than in the usual case for larger $\langle m \rangle_{ee}$. We show that the uncertainty in these predictions can be significantly reduced by the complementary measurement of reactor neutrino experiments, especially the medium baseline version JUNO/RENO-50. We also estimate the necessary precision on $\langle m \rangle_{ee}$ to infer non-trivial Majorana CP phases and the upper limit $\langle m \rangle_{ee} \lesssim 1\,\mbox{meV}$ sets a target for the design of future neutrinoless double beta decay experiments.
description: 21 pages, 10 figures
#TELresearchers & #HEresearchers with Dr Melissa Highton
Creators: name: Wong, Puiyin
Publisher: name: National Teaching Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 390405
subject: Educational technology and computing
classificationCode: 390303
subject: Higher education

description: This is a #TELresearchers sessionMelissa leads services and projects in support of the University’s strategic priorities for digital and distance learning on global platforms, blended learning, virtual learning environments, technology enhanced learning spaces, the digital student experience and use of the web for outreach and engagement. She has particular interests in digital skills, 21st century curricula, open educational resources, research led teaching and online media. She leads the continuing expansion and diversification of the University website and provision of digital AV technology services in over 400 teaching rooms across the campus. Learn more about Melissa: https://bit.ly/TEL_MHighton_0923 Melissa's blog: https://thinking.is.ed.ac.uk/melissa/
Nuclear symmetry energy and the role of three-body forces
Creators: name: Goudarzi, S.
name: Moshfegh, H. R.
name: Haensel, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Density dependence of nuclear symmetry energy as well as its partial wave decomposition is studied within the framework of lowest-order constrained variational (LOCV) method using AV18 two-body interaction supplemented by UIX three-body force. The main focus of the present work is to introduce a revised version of three-body force which is based on an isospin-dependent parametrization of coefficients in the UIX force, in order to overcome the inability to produce correct saturation-point parameters} in the framework of LOCV method. We find that employing the new model of {\ph three-body force} in the LOCV formalism leads to successfully reproducing the semi-empirical parameters of cold nuclear matter, including} $E_{sym}(ρ_0)$, $L$, and $K_{sym}$. All our models of three-body force combined with AV18 two-body force give maximum neutron star mass higher than $2\;M_\odot$. The fraction of protons in the nucleon cores of neutron stars strongly depends on the three-body force parametrization.
An internal disulfide locks a misfolded aggregation-prone intermediate in cataract-linked mutants of human γD-crystallin
Creators: name: Serebryany, Eugene
name: Woodard, Jaie C.
name: Adkar, Bharat V.
name: Shabab, Mohammed
name: King, Jonathan A.
name: Shakhnovich, Eugene I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Considerable mechanistic insight has been gained into amyloid aggregation; however, a large class of non-amyloid protein aggregates are considered 'amorphous,' and in most cases little is known about their mechanisms. Amorphous aggregation of γ-crystallins in the eye lens causes a widespread disease of aging, cataract. We combined simulations and experiments to study the mechanism of aggregation of two γD-crystallin mutants, W42R and W42Q - the former a congenital cataract mutation, and the latter a mimic of age-related oxidative damage. We found that formation of an internal disulfide was necessary and sufficient for aggregation under physiological conditions. Two-chain all-atom simulations predicted that one non-native disulfide in particular, between Cys32 and Cys41, was likely to stabilize an unfolding intermediate prone to intermolecular interactions. Mass spectrometry and mutagenesis experiments confirmed the presence of this bond in the aggregates and its necessity for oxidative aggregation under physiological conditions in vitro. Mining the simulation data linked formation of this disulfide to extrusion of the N-terminal \b{eta}-hairpin and rearrangement of the native \b{eta}-sheet topology. Specific binding between the extruded hairpin and a distal \b{eta}-sheet, in an intermolecular chain reaction similar to domain swapping, is the most probable mechanism of aggregate propagation.
description: *equal contribution; {\dag}corresponding authors
Ultra-deep GEMINI near-infrared observations of the bulge globular cluster NGC 6624
Creators: name: Saracino, S.
name: Dalessandro, E.
name: Ferraro, F. R.
name: Geisler, D.
name: Mauro, F.
name: Lanzoni, B.
name: Origlia, L.
name: Miocchi, P.
name: Cohen, R. E.
name: Villanova, S.
name: Bidin, C. Moni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We used ultra-deep $J$ and $K_s$ images secured with the near-infrared GSAOI camera assisted by the multi-conjugate adaptive optics system GeMS at the GEMINI South Telescope in Chile, to obtain a ($K_s$, $J-K_s$) color-magnitude diagram (CMD) for the bulge globular cluster NGC 6624. We obtained the deepest and most accurate near-infrared CMD from the ground for this cluster, by reaching $K_s$ $\sim$ 21.5, approximately 8 magnitudes below the horizontal branch level. The entire extension of the Main Sequence (MS) is nicely sampled and at $K_s$ $\sim$ 20 we detected the so-called MS "knee" in a purely near-infrared CMD. By taking advantage of the exquisite quality of the data, we estimated the absolute age of NGC 6624 ($t_{age}$ = 12.0 $\pm$ 0.5 Gyr), which turns out to be in good agreement with previous studies in the literature. We also analyzed the luminosity and mass functions of MS stars down to M $\sim$ 0.45 M$_{\odot}$ finding evidence of a significant increase of low-mass stars at increasing distances from the cluster center. This is a clear signature of mass segregation, confirming that NGC 6624 is in an advanced stage of dynamical evolution.
description: Accepted for publication by ApJ. 39 pages, 19 figures, 1 table
Las Horas Summary Notes
Creators: name: Solli, Marta
Publisher: name: National Teaching Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 470310
subject: Iberian languages

description: This document provides a summary of the book "MÉTODO DE LOS RELOJES. GRAMÁTICA DESCRIPTIVA DEL ESPAÑOL" authored by Manuel Perez Saiz, which serves as the foundation for the UCC Spanish grammar course.
Cylindrical void growth vs. grain fragmentation in FCC single crystals: CPFEM study for two types of loading conditions
Creators: name: Virupakshi, Saketh
name: Kowalczyk-Gajewska, Katarzyna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The crystal plasticity finite element method (CPFEM) is used to investigate the coupling between the cylindrical void growth or collapse and grain refinement in face-centered cubic (FCC) single crystals. A 2D plane strain model with one void is used. The effect of the initial lattice orientation, similarities, and differences between stress- and strain-driven loading scenarios are explored. To this end, boundary conditions are enforced in two different ways. The first one is based on maintaining constant in-plane stress biaxiality via a dedicated truss element, while the second one is imposing a constant displacement biaxiality factor. Uniaxial and biaxial loading cases are studied. For the uniaxial loading case a special configuration, which enforces an equivalent pattern of plastic deformation in the pristine crystal, is selected in order to investigate the mutual interactions between the evolving void and the developed lattice rotation heterogeneity. Next, biaxial loading cases are considered for three crystal orientations, one of which is not symmetric with respect to loading directions. It is analysed how stress or strain biaxility factors and initial lattice orientation influence the void evolution in terms of its size and shape. Moreover, the consequences of variations in the resulting heterogeneity of lattice rotation are studied in the context of the grain refinement phenomenon accompanying the void evolution. Scenarios that may lead to more advanced grain fragmentation are identified.
description: 34 pages Accepted for publication in International Journal of Solids and Structures on 24 June 2023
Intra pseudogap- and superconductivity-pair spin and charge fluctuations and underdome metal-insulator (fermion-boson)-crossover phenomena as keystones of cuprate physics
Creators: name: Abdullaev, B.
name: Abdullaev, D. B.
name: Park, C. -H.
name: Musakhanov, M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The most intriguing observation of cuprate experiments is most likely the metal-insulator-crossover (MIC), seen in the underdome region of the temperature-doping phase diagram of copper-oxides under a strong magnetic field, when the superconductivity is suppressed. This MIC, which results in such phenomena as heat conductivity downturn, anomalous Lorentz ratio, nonlinear entropy, insulating ground state, nematicity- and stripe-phases and Fermi pockets, reveals the nonconventional dielectric property of the pseudogap-normal phase. Since conventional superconductivity appears from a conducting normal phase, the understanding of how superconductivity arises from an insulating state becomes a fundamental problem and thus the keystone for all of cuprate physics. Recently, in interpreting the physics of visualization in scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) real space nanoregions (NRs), which exhibit an energy gap, we have succeeded in understanding that the minimum size for these NRs provides pseudogap and superconductivity pairs, which are single bosons. In this work, we discuss the intra-particle magnetic spin and charge fluctuations of these bosons, observed recently in hidden magnetic order and STM experiments. We find that all the mentioned MIC phenomena can be obtained in the Coulomb single boson and single fermion two liquid model, which we recently developed, and the MIC is a crossover of sample percolating NRs of single fermions into those of single bosons.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1010.0434
Top-quark loop corrections in Z+jet and Z+2 jet production
Creators: name: Campbell, John M.
name: Ellis, R. Keith
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The sophistication of current predictions for $Z+$jet production at hadron colliders necessitates a re-evaluation of any approximations inherent in the theoretical calculations. In this paper we address one such issue, the inclusion of mass effects in top-quark loops. We ameliorate an existing calculation of $Z+1$~jet and $Z+2$~jet production by presenting exact analytic formulae for amplitudes containing top-quark loops that enter at next-to-leading order in QCD. Although approximations based on an expansion in powers of $1/m_t^2$ can lead to poor high-energy behavior, an exact treatment of top-quark loops demonstrates that their effect is small and has limited phenomenological interest.
description: 33 pages, 9 figures
Standardisation of Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia testing in the context of autonomic function testing
Creators: name: Alqasas, Saja
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Background: Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia (RSA) is used as an index of parasympathetic activity of the autonomic nervous system. It is most often measured at a fixed, slow breathing rate (0.1 Hz). The excursion in heart rate within each breath cycle is RSA. RSA testing has limited clinical uptake, in part likely due to low specificity and sensitivity, likely due to unconstrained physiological confounders. This thesis investigates the clinical utility of the existing form of RSA testing and investigates whether controlling the known correlate, tidal volume, improves the relationship of RSA testing with known changes in parasympathetic activity. Methods: RSA was quantified in Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS) patients (a condition with known autonomic dysfunction, n=19) and healthy controls (n=16) to discover if RSA was able to differentiate between groups. In a separate study, RSA was quantified in healthy subjects (n=20) under conditions of free and controlled tidal volume while performing physiological challenges to alter parasympathetic activity (isometric hand-grip exercise and meditation). Results: RSA testing was unable to differentiate between healthy and EDS patients (p=0.34). Controlling tidal volume reduced the tidal volume and RSA (p<0.001) compared to free tidal volume. RSA was not correlated with parasympathetic activity (as defined by the physiological directional change with exercise and meditation) with free tidal volume. Controlling tidal volume did not improve the correlation with parasympathetic activity. Conclusions: RSA testing in its existing form is not sensitive enough to detect a difference in people with autonomic dysfunction. Tidal volume is correlated with RSA and testing can be performed with a controlled tidal volume. However, this does not improve RSA as a correlate of parasympathetic activity. The results presented in this thesis question the reliability and sensitivity of RSA as a surrogate of parasympathetic activity and raise the need of new method to non-invasively estimate parasympathetic activity.
A Breakthrough in Sphere Packing: The Search for Magic Functions
Creators: name: de Laat, David
name: Vallentin, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper is an exposition, written for the Nieuw Archief voor Wiskunde, about the two recent breakthrough results in the theory of sphere packings. It includes an interview with Henry Cohn, Abhinav Kumar, Stephen D. Miller, and Maryna Viazovska.
description: 18 pages
Enhanced sensitivity to Lorentz invariance violations in short-range gravity experiments
Creators: name: Shao, Cheng-Gang
name: Chen, Ya-Fen
name: Tan, Yu-Jie
name: Luo, Jun
name: Yang, Shan-Qing
name: Tobar, Michael Edmund
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, first limits on putative Lorentz invariance violation coefficients in the pure gravity sector were determined by the reanalysis of short-range gravity experiments. Such experiments search for new physics at sidereal frequencies. They are not, however, designed to optimize the signal strength of a Lorentz invariance violation force; in fact the Lorentz violating signal is suppressed in the planar test mass geometry employed in those experiments. We describe a short-range torsion pendulum experiment with enhanced sensitivity to possible Lorentz violating signals. A periodic, striped test mass geometry is used to augment the signal. Careful arrangement of the phases of the striped patterns on opposite ends of the pendulum further enhances the signal while simultaneously suppressing the Newtonian background.
description: Accepted Phys. Rev. D
Moon Observations For Age Groups 8 -12
Creators: name: B S, Shylaja
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Astronomy Education

description: Title: Moon Observations For Age Groups 8 -12

Presenter: Shylaja B S (Jawaharlal Nehru Planetarium, Bangalore Association for Science EducationHigh Grounds, India)

 

This was a poster presented at the 5th Shaw-IAU Workshop on Astronomy for Education, organised by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (OAE, http//astro4edu.org).

We always had the 5-day or 10-day workshops on astronomy starting 2 days after new moon. Therefore observing the phases was easy. However, the same idea was used for noting the moon rise and set timings. Later this idea was extended to all through the year - many interesting ideas came forward for discussion. We would meet once a month for understanding the relative motions of the sun (earth) and moon using these tables of moonrise and set (sunrise and set also).This can be introduced as a special activity in regular curriculum.

About the 5th Shaw-IAU Workshop on Astronomy for Education:This year’s Shaw-IAU Workshop on Astronomy for Education focuses on two themes: one special practical astronomy education topic and one scientific topic. The special topic is astronomy education outside the classroom, looking at how astronomy can be taught in a diverse range of environments such as science centers, planetaria and youth clubs. The scientific topic is planetary atmospheres, both in the solar system and exoplanets as well as our own Earth. The workshop was organised by the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education (http://astro4edu.org). More details can be found on: https://astro4edu.org/shaw-iau/5th-shaw-iau-workshop/schedule/

Keep up to date with future Shaw-IAU Workshops and other opportunities at the IAU Office of Astronomy for Education by joining our mailing list https://astro4edu.org/mailing-list/

Follow the IAU OAE on X and Facebook under @astro4edu
Photochemical-dynamical models of externally FUV irradiated protoplanetary discs
Creators: name: Haworth, Thomas J.
name: Boubert, Douglas
name: Facchini, Stefano
name: Bisbas, Thomas G.
name: Clarke, Cathie J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is growing theoretical and observational evidence that protoplanetary disc evolution may be significantly affected by the canonical levels of far ultraviolet (FUV) radiation found in a star forming environment, leading to substantial stripping of material from the disc outer edge even in the absence of nearby massive stars. In this paper we perform the first full radiation hydrodynamic simulations of the flow from the outer rim of protoplanetary discs externally irradiated by such intermediate strength FUV fields, including direct modelling of the photon dominated region (PDR) which is required to accurately compute the thermal properties. We find excellent agreement between our models and the semi-analytic models of Facchini et al. (2016) for the profile of the flow itself, as well as the mass loss rate and location of their "critical radius". This both validates their results (which differed significantly from prior semi-analytic estimates) and our new numerical method, the latter of which can now be applied to elements of the problem that the semi--analytic approaches are incapable of modelling. We also obtain the composition of the flow, but given the simple geometry of our models we can only hint at some diagnostics for future observations of externally irradiated discs at this stage. We also discuss the potential for these models as benchmarks for future photochemical-dynamical codes.
description: 14 Pages. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Les bases de DDI : Qu'est-ce que les métadonnées ?
Creators: name: DDI Training Group
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Data Documentation Initiative
Métadonnées

description: Ce court module introduit le concept de base des métadonnées et décrit brièvement les différents types de métadonnées. Il est utile comme introduction à ces notions de base.
Performance Analysis of Sparse Recovery Models for Bad Data Detection and State Esti-mation in Electric Power Networks
Creators: name: Yang, Junwei
name: Wu, Wenchuan
name: Zheng, Weiye
name: Xian, Wenjun
name: Zhang, Boming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper investigates the sparse recovery models for bad data detection and state estimation in power networks. Two sparse models, the sparse L1-relaxation model (L1-R) and the multi-stage convex relaxation model (Capped-L1), are compared with the weighted least absolute value (WLAV) in the aspects of the bad data processing capacity and the computational efficiency. Numerical tests are conducted on power systems with linear and nonlinear measurements. Based on numerical tests, the paper evaluates the performance of these robust state estimation mod-els. Furthermore, suggestion on how to select parameter of sparse recovery models is also given when they are used in elec-tric power networks.
Magnetic helicity estimations in models and observations of the solar magnetic field. Part I: Finite volume methods
Creators: name: Valori, Gherardo
name: Pariat, Etienne
name: Anfinogentov, Sergey
name: Chen, Feng
name: Georgoulis, Manolis K.
name: Guo, Yang
name: Liu, Yang
name: Moraitis, Kostas
name: Thalmann, Julia K.
name: Yang, Shangbin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic helicity is a conserved quantity of ideal magneto-hydrodynamics characterized by an inverse turbulent cascade. Accordingly, it is often invoked as one of the basic physical quantities driving the generation and structuring of magnetic fields in a variety of astrophysical and laboratory plasmas. We provide here the first systematic comparison of six existing methods for the estimation of the helicity of magnetic fields known in a finite volume. All such methods are reviewed, benchmarked, and compared with each other, and specifically tested for accuracy and sensitivity to errors. To that purpose, we consider four groups of numerical tests, ranging from solutions of the three-dimensional, force-free equilibrium, to magneto-hydrodynamical numerical simulations. Almost all methods are found to produce the same value of magnetic helicity within few percent in all tests. In the more solar-relevant and realistic of the tests employed here, the simulation of an eruptive flux rope, the spread in the computed values obtained by all but one method is only 3%, indicating the reliability and mutual consistency of such methods in appropriate parameter ranges. However, methods show differences in the sensitivity to numerical resolution and to errors in the solenoidal property of the input fields. In addition to finite volume methods, we also briefly discuss a method that estimates helicity from the field lines' twist, and one that exploits the field's value at one boundary and a coronal minimal connectivity instead of a pre-defined three-dimensional magnetic-field solution.
description: Accepted for publication in Space Science Reviews. First paper by the ISSI International Team on 'Magnetic Helicity estimations in models and observations of the solar magnetic field', 54 pages, 12 figure. Data available at http://www.issibern.ch/teams/magnetichelicity/
Preparation of two-qubit entangled states on a spin-1/2 Ising-Heisenberg diamond spin cluster by controlling the measurement
Creators: name: Kuzmak, A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The preparation of entangled quantum states is an inherent and indispensable step for the implementation of many quantum information algorithms. Depending on the physical system, there are different ways to control and measure them, which allow one to achieve the predefined quantum states. The diamond spin cluster is the system that can be applied for this purpose. Moreover, such a system appears in chemical compounds such as the natural mineral azurite, where the $Cu^{2+}$ are arranged in a spin-1/2 diamond chain. Herein, we propose the method of preparation of pure entangled states on the Ising-Heisenberg spin-1/2 diamond cluster. We suppose that the cluster consists of two central spins which are described by an anisotropic Heisenberg model and interact with the side spins via Ising interaction. Controlling the measurement direction of the side (central) spins allows us to achieve predefined pure quantum states of the central (side) spins. We show that this directly affects the entanglement and fidelity of the prepared states. For example, we obtain conditions and fidelities for preparations of the Bell states.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures, 2 appendices
TRANS-CONTEXTUAL LEARNING CYCLES for global competence development.pdf
Creators: name: Tishenina, Mariia
Publisher: name: Edge Hill University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 390199
subject: Curriculum and pedagogy not elsewhere classified

description: Trans-contextual learning cycle (TCLC) is a newly theorized approach towards global competence development and is an adapted version of Karplus’s learning cycle (Atkin & Karplus, 1962). TCLC introduces different contexts at different stages of the cycle when investigating a particular global-related issue or a phenomenon. The stages are arranged in the following sequence: (1) another country/countries context (concrete unfamiliar), (2) global context (abstract overarching), (3) home country context (concrete familiar). To test the value of TCLCs as an approach, a mixed-method small-scale action research was carried out. The research results show that the students made significant progress in all six domains of dispositions and knowledge outlined in “The Globally Competent Teaching Continuum” (Tichnor-Wagner et al., 2017) which suggest that TCLCs’ can be a subtle yet powerful approach to GC development. TCLCs can be of potential benefit to a wide range of stakeholders, including universities and instructors of various soft disciplines (e.g. Education, Social Science, Political Science, etc.) looking to internationalise their provision and develop global competence among students without implementation of major curriculum changes.
References:Atkin, J. M., & Karplus, R. (1962). Discovery or invention? The Science Teacher, 29(5), pp. 45-51.Tichnor-Wagner, A., Glazier, J., Parkhouse, H., & Cain, J. (2017). Identifying the Elements of Globally Competent Teaching: A Systematic Literature Review. Report for the University of North Carolina
Quantum dynamics of a driven two-level molecule with variable dephasing
Creators: name: Grandi, Samuele
name: Major, Kyle D.
name: Polisseni, Claudio
name: Boissier, Sebastien
name: Clark, Alex S.
name: Hinds, E. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The longitudinal ($Γ_1$) and transverse ($Γ_2$) decay rates of a two-level quantum system have profound influence on its evolution. Atomic systems with $Γ_2=\tfrac{1}{2}Γ_1$ have been studied extensively, but with the rise of solid-state quantum devices it is also important to consider the effect of stronger transverse relaxation due to interactions with the solid environment. Here we study the quantum dynamics of a single organic dye molecule driven by a laser. We measure the variation of $Γ_2$ with temperature and determine the activation energy for thermal dephasing of the optical dipole. Then we measure the second-order correlation function $g^{(2)}(τ)$ of the light emitted by the molecule for various ratios $Γ_2/Γ_1$ and saturation parameters $S$. We show that the general solution to the optical Bloch equations accurately describes the observed quantum dynamics over a wide range of these parameters, and we discuss the limitations of the various approximate expressions for $g^{(2)}(τ)$ that appear in the literature.
description: 5 pages main text, 2 pages supplementary, 4 figures. Comments welcome
An interaction between the stars in a massive multiple system creates a magnetic field
Creators: name: Frost, A. J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Magnetism is omnipresent in our Universe, traversing galaxies, dictating the flow of material in star-forming regions, and shaping stellar evolution. In stars like our Sun that have convective envelopes, the surface magnetic field is produced through a dynamo effect. Massive stars (M≥8Msun) have radiative envelopes that cannot actively sustain such a dynamo, yet ~7% of massive stars display strong, large-scale, surface magnetic fields, the origins of which are not understood. In this talk I will describe how our work, combining data from almost a decade of interferometric and spectroscopic data, allowed us to determine that a stellar interaction (and eventual merger) created a ~1000G magnetic field in one star in a massive binary system.
The First-Order Euler-Lagrange equations and some of their uses
Creators: name: Adam, C.
name: Santamaria, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In many nonlinear field theories, relevant solutions may be found by reducing the order of the original Euler-Lagrange equations, e.g., to first order equations (Bogomolnyi equations, self-duality equations, etc.). Here we generalise, further develop and apply one particular method for the order reduction of nonlinear field equations which, despite its systematic and versatile character, is not widely known.
description: Latex, 29 pages