cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Screening Current-Induced Field and Field Drift Study in HTS coils using T-A homogenous model
Creators: name: Berrospe-Juarez, Edgar
name: Trillaud, Frederic
name: Zermeño, Víctor M R
name: Grilli, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The emergence of second generation (2G) high-temperature superconductor (HTS) tapes has favored the development of HTS magnets for their applications in areas such as NMR, MRI and high field magnets. The screening current-induced field and the field drift are two major problems hindering the use of HTS tapes in the mentioned areas. Both problems are caused by the screening current, then it is necessary to have a modeling strategy capable to estimate such phenomena. Thus far, the H formulation has been the most successful and used approach to model medium-size systems (hundreds of tapes). However, its application to large-scale systems is still impaired by excessive computation times and memory requirements. Homogenization and multi-scaling strategies have been successfully implemented to increase the computational efficiency. In this contribution, we show that using the homogenization technique with the recently developed T-A formulation allows reducing the computation time and the amount of memory up to the point that real-time simulations of slow ramping cycles of large-scale systems are possible. The T-A homogeneous model also allows systematically investigating the screening current using numerical simulations.
Synthesis, magnetization and heat capacity of triangular lattice materials NaErSe$_2$ and KErSe$_2$
Creators: name: Xing, Jie
name: Sanjeewa, Liurukara D.
name: Kim, Jungsoo
name: Meier, William R.
name: May, Andrew F.
name: Zheng, Qiang
name: Custelcean, Radu
name: Stewart, G. R.
name: Sefat, Athena S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we report the synthesis, magnetization and heat capacity of the frustrated magnets \emph{A}ErSe$_2$(\emph{A}=Na,K) which contain perfect triangular lattices of Er$^{3+}$. The magnetization data suggests no long-range magnetic order exists in \emph{A}ErSe$_2$(\emph{A}=Na,K), which is consistent with the heat capacity measurements. Large anisotropy is observed between the magnetization within the \emph{ab} plane and along the \emph{c} axis of both compounds. When the magnetic field is applied along \emph{ab} plane, anomalies are observed at 1.8 $μ_B$ in NaErSe$_2$ at 0.2 T and 2.1 $μ_B$ in KErSe$_2$ at 0.18 T. Unlike NaErSe$_2$, a plateau-like field-induced metamagnetic transition is observed for H$\|$\emph{c} below 1 K in KErSe$_2$. Two broad peaks are observed in the heat capacity below 10 K indicating possible crystal electric field(CEF) effects and magnetic entropy released under different magnetic fields. All results indicate that \emph{A}ErSe$_2$ are strongly anisotropic, frustrated magnets with field-induced transition at low temperature. The lack of signatures for long-range magnetic order implies that these materials are candidates for hosting a quantum spin liquid ground state.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
title: New Phillips Curve with Alternative Marginal Cost Measures for Canada, the United States, and the Euro Area
Creators: name: Gagnon, Edith
name: Khan, Hashmat
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2001

description: Recent research on the new Phillips curve (NPC) (e.g., Galí, Gertler, and López-Salido 2001a) gives marginal cost an important role in capturing pressures on inflation. In this paper we assess the case for using alternative measures of marginal cost to improve the empirical fit of the NPC. Following Sbordone (2000), we derive the aggregation factors when firms use Cobb-Douglas with overhead labour and constant elasticity of substitution (CES) technologies. We estimate the NPC for Canada, the United States, and the euro area. Our structural results indicate that: (i) ignoring aggregation factors gives implausibly large estimates of the duration of price stickiness—in this respect, the aggregation factors improve the fit of the NPC substantially; (ii) the marginal cost measures based on CES technology improve the fit of the NPC relative to the Cobb-Douglas technology, particularly for Canada and the euro area; (iii) for Canada, the backward-looking component of inflation is quite strong relative to the United States and the euro area; and (iv) the incorporation of open-economy considerations for Canada does not yield better estimates of the NPC.
description: Dans les travaux consacrés récemment à la « nouvelle courbe de Phillips » (par exemple ceux de Galí, Gertler et López-Salido, 2001a), le coût marginal se voit attribuer un rôle important dans la mesure des pressions s'exerçant sur l'inflation. Édith Gagnon et Hashmat Khan tentent de déterminer si l'emploi de différentes mesures du coût marginal peut améliorer l'adéquation statistique de la nouvelle courbe de Phillips aux faits observés. En s'inspirant des recherches de Sbordone (2000), ils établissent les facteurs d'agrégation applicables selon que les entreprises utilisent une fonction de production à élasticité constante de substitution (CES) ou une fonction Cobb-Douglas dans laquelle une certaine quantité de main-d'oeuvre est affectée à des activités non directement liées à la production. Les auteurs estiment la nouvelle courbe de Phillips pour le Canada, les États-Unis et la zone euro. Voici les résultats qu'ils obtiennent à partir de la forme structurelle du modèle : i) si l'on ne fait appel à aucun facteur d'agrégation, la fréquence à laquelle les prix sont modifiés est très faible d'après les estimations et peu plausible – le recours à un facteur d'agrégation permet d'améliorer sensiblement l'adéquation de la nouvelle courbe de Phillips sur ce plan; ii) celle-ci rend également mieux compte de la réalité si la mesure du coût marginal est fondée sur une fonction de production CES plutôt que Cobb-Douglas, en particulier dans le cas du Canada et de la zone euro; iii) le poids accordé à la composante rétrospective de l'inflation est plus élevé dans le cas du Canada; iv) l'adoption d'un cadre d'économie ouverte n'aboutit pas à de meilleures estimations de la nouvelle courbe de Phillips dans le cas du Canada.
title: An Estimated Canadian DSGE Model with Nominal and Real Rigidities
Creators: name: Dib, Ali
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2001

description: This paper develops a dynamic, stochastic, general-equilibrium (DGSE) model for the Canadian economy and evaluates the real effects of monetary policy shocks. To generate high and persistent real effects, the model combines nominal frictions in the form of costly price adjustment with real rigidities modelled as convex costs of adjusting capital and employment. The structural parameters identifying transmission channels are estimated econometrically using a maximum-likelihood procedure with a Kalman filter. The estimated nominal and real rigidities impart substantial real and persistent effects following a monetary policy shock. Furthermore, the results show that the monetary authority has accommodated technology shocks and has successfully insulated the Canadian economy from demand-side disturbances, by responding to technology and money demand shocks.
description: Dans la présente étude, l'auteur élabore un modèle d'équilibre général dynamique et stochastique (EGDS) de l'économie canadienne. Afin de générer des effets réels considérables et persistants des chocs monétaires, il intègre à ce modèle des frictions nominales et réelles sous la forme de coûts d'ajustement des prix, du capital et de l'emploi. L'auteur estime les paramètres structurels du modèle avec de données canadiennes, en utilisant la méthode du maximum de vraisemblance et le filtre de Kalman. Les versions du modèle d'EGDS doté de rigidités nominales et réelles génèrent des effets réels significatifs et persistants en réaction à des chocs de politique monétaire. De plus, les résultats montrent que l'autorité monétaire réussit bien à absorber les chocs technologiques et à protéger l'économie des perturbations exogènes de la demande de monnaie.
The Integrated Approach to Structural Glass Safety Applied to Glass Beams
Creators: name: Bos, Freek
Publisher: name: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings
Year: 2016

description: This paper presents a safety classification of 14 different of glass beam designs based on experimental research, using the Integrated Approach to Structural Glass Safety (introduced by the author, [1], [2]). The design parameters included the number of layers (2 or 3), the level of prestress (annealed, heat strengthened, thermally tempered), and laminate type (PVB or SG). Additionally, steel reinforced glass beams were tested. Three different methods were applied to obtain complete redundancy curves (development of residual strength under increasing levels of damage): 4-point bending after no, partial, or full damage. The damage was applied by a custom made impact device consisting of a spring loaded flat steel head that impacted the edges of the glass layers of the beams. The resulting Element Safety Diagrams of each design is discussed. Relativized curves are used to compare the safety of the designs.
description: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings, Vol. 2 (2010): Challenging Glass 2
MOESM15 of Genomes and secretomes of Ascomycota fungi reveal diverse functions in plant biomass decomposition and pathogenesis
Creators: name: Challacombe, Jean
name: Cedar Hesse
name: Bramer, Lisa
name: McCue, Lee
name: Lipton, Mary
name: Purvine, Samuel
name: Nicora, Carrie
name: La Gallegos-Graves
name: Porras-Alfaro, Andrea
name: Kuske, Cheryl
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 15. Heatmaps all replicates. Heatmap showing the expression levels of proteins with annotated functions in pathways for plant biomass degradation, defense and virulence (pathogenesis). Total protein counts in all replicates for each treatment condition are shown for each fungus.
MOESM2 of ABCA7 polymorphisms correlate with memory impairment and default mode network in patients with APOEε4-associated Alzheimer’s disease
Creators: name: Chang, Ya-Ting
name: Shih-Wei Hsu
name: Huang, Shu-Hua
name: Chi-Wei Huang
name: Wen-Neng Chang
name: Chia-Yi Lien
name: Lee, Jun-Jun
name: Chen-Chang Lee
name: Chiung-Chih Chang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 2 : Table S1. Significant two-way interaction for each dependent variable.
title: The Monetary Transmission Mechanism at the Sectoral Level
Creators: name: Farès, Jean
name: Srour, Gabriel
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2001

description: This paper relies on simple vector autoregressions to investigate the monetary transmission mechanism in broad sectors of the Canadian economy. Two types of disaggregation are considered: one at the level of final expenditures, and one at the level of production. At the level of final expenditures, it is found that a monetary contraction affects exports relatively quickly, and it affects investment much more substantially than the consumption of goods, while it does not seem to affect services. Not surprisingly, durables respond much more substantially than semi-durables to a monetary contraction, while non-durables do not respond significantly. At the level of production, following a monetary contraction, construction reaches the trough of the cycle first, although, cumulatively, manufacturing reacts twice as strongly. The response of the service sector is significant, but it lags manufacturing.
description: Les auteurs font appel à de simples vecteurs autorégressifs pour étudier les effets de la politique monétaire dans les grands secteurs de l'économie canadienne. Ils examinent les données aux niveaux de la consommation finale et de la production. Un examen de la consommation finale révèle qu'une contraction monétaire se répercute sur les exportations assez rapidement et a une incidence bien plus prononcée sur l'investissement que sur la consommation de biens, sans influer apparemment sur la consommation de services. Conformément aux attentes, la consommation de biens durables réagit davantage à une contraction monétaire que celle de biens semi-durables, alors que celle de biens non durables n'y réagit pas de façon notable. En ce qui concerne la production, le secteur de la construction est le premier à toucher le creux du cycle après une contraction monétaire, mais la réaction cumulative dans le secteur de la fabrication est du double. Dans ce cas-ci, le secteur tertiaire réagit à la contraction, mais moins rapidement que le secteur de la fabrication.
Detection of TeV Gamma-Rays from the BL Lac 1ES1959+650 in its low states and during a major outburst in 2002
Creators: name: HEGRA Collaboration
name: Aharonian, F.
name: Akhperjanian, A.
name: Beilicke, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: TeV gamma-rays from the BL Lac object 1ES1959+650 have been measured during the years 2000 and 2001 with a significance of 5.2 sigma at a value of 5.3% of the Crab flux and in May 2002 during strong outbursts with > 23 sigma at a flux level of up to 2.2 Crab, making 1ES1959+650 the TeV Blazar with the third best event statistics. The deep observation of 197.4 h has been performed with the HEGRA stereoscopic system of 5 imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACT system). 1ES1959+650 is located at a redshift of z = 0.047, providing an intermediate distance between the nearby Blazars Mkn 421 and Mkn 501, and the much more distant object H1426+428. This makes 1ES1959+650 an important member of the class of TeV Blazars in view of the absorption of TeV photons by the diffuse extragalactic background radiation (DEBRA). The differential energy spectrum of 1ES1959+650 during the flares can be fitted by a power law with a spectral index of 2.83 +- 0.14_stat +- 0.08_sys or by a power law with an exponential cut-off at (4.2^(+0.8)_(-0.6)_stat +- 0.9_sys) TeV and a spectral index of 1.83 +- 0.15_stat +- 0.08_sys. The low state differential energy spectrum obtained with lower statistics can be described by a pure power law with a spectral index of 3.18 +- 0.17_stat +- 0.08_sys.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, refereed version, corrected for a typo
Elastic Strain Energy Release at Failure and its Consequence for Structural Glass Testing and Design
Creators: name: Bos, Freek
Publisher: name: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings
Year: 2016

description: The amount of elastic strain energy that is being released upon initial failure of a structural glass element has profound influence on its post-initial failure load bearing capacity. This paper discusses the relevance of this notion to the evaluation of structural glass testing and the consequences it may have for structural glass design. It means, among others, that post-failure behaviour may be highly geometry dependent as well as strongly related to the cause of the initial failure (as both determine the amount of energy released at failure). The options to limit the consequences of energy release will be discussed. The result of application of one of these options to the design of reinforced glass beams is shown.
description: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings, Vol. 2 (2010): Challenging Glass 2
Additional file 1 of Estimation of estuarine habitat degradation and its influence on the reproduction process of the crab Eriocheir sinensis in the Yangtze River Estuary
Creators: name: Zhang, Tingting
name: Du, Nan
name: Geng, Zhi
name: Wang, Sikai
name: Gao, Yu
name: Yang, Gang
name: Huang, Xiaorong
name: Zhang, Tao
name: Zhuang, Ping
name: Zhao, Feng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. SDM modeling process.
Fracture Resistance, Surface Defects and Structural Strength of Glass
Creators: name: Rodichev, Yurii
name: Veer, Frederic
Publisher: name: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings
Year: 2016

description: This paper poses the theory that the fracture resistance of basic float glass is dependent on it physicochemical properties and the surface defects formed under the float glass production, glass processing and handling at the service conditions compose the aggregate basis for structural glass strength assessment. The effect of loading conditions, constructional and technological factors on the engineering strength of glass can be evaluated in certain cases using fracture mechanics with information on the initial surface defects in glass elements. The correlation between the data on glass surface defects, fracture resistance and structural strength of glass is analyzed using the results received at the testing of different types of specimens. It is shown in the paper that quality management of the processing of glass elements gives a good possibility to control the strength of load bearing glass structures.
description: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings, Vol. 2 (2010): Challenging Glass 2
title: On Commodity-Sensitive Currencies and Inflation Targeting
Creators: name: Clinton, Kevin
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2001

description: Two aspects of the recent monetary history of Canada, Australia, and New Zealand stand out: the sensitivity of their dollars to prices of resource-based commodities, and inflation targeting. This paper explores various aspects of these phenomena. It uses standard empirical models, and an investigation of the different approaches to inflation targeting in the three countries—including a case study of the 1998 international financial crisis—to assess how well a floating currency serves a resource-rich economy, and how monetary policy ought to be conducted during periods of turbulence in commodity and currency markets. The broad swings and cycles in the Canadian, Australian, and New Zealand dollars are found to have been helpful to macroeconomic stability. It appears that the most effective monetary policy approach focuses on domestic inflation control over the medium term. In a crisis of confidence in the financial markets, of the kind that sporadically affected the Canadian dollar in the first half of the 1990s, a case can be made for short-term monetary actions to stabilize expectations. Apart from crisis situations, as long as a credible low-inflation policy is followed, monetary policy does not have to be concerned with the exchange rate per se.
description: Deux éléments ressortent de l'histoire monétaire récente du Canada, de l'Australie et de la Nouvelle-Zélande : d'une part, la sensibilité des devises de ces nations aux variations des cours des produits à base de matières premières; d'autre part, l'utilisation de cibles de maîtrise de l'inflation. L'auteur se penche sur différents aspects de ces phénomènes. Il met à profit des modèles empiriques standards et examine les différentes approches adoptées dans les trois pays relativement aux cibles d'inflation — notamment en consacrant une étude de cas à la crise financière internationale de 1998 — afin de déterminer dans quelle mesure un régime de changes flottants sert les intérêts d'une économie riche en ressources naturelles, et de quelle façon la politique monétaire doit être conduite lorsque les marchés des devises et des matières premières traversent des périodes de turbulence. L'auteur constate que les variations et les cycles marqués du cours des dollars canadien, australien et néo-zélandais ont favorisé la stabilité macroéconomique. Il semble également que l'approche la plus efficace en matière de politique monétaire consiste à maîtriser le taux d'inflation intérieur à moyen terme. Lorsque les marchés financiers subissent des crises de confiance comme celles qui ont sporadiquement secoué le dollar canadien durant la première moitié des années 1990, il est justifié de recourir à des mesures de politique monétaire à court terme afin de stabiliser les attentes. En dehors des situations de crise, les autorités monétaires n'ont généralement pas à se préoccuper du niveau du taux de change, dans la mesure où une politique crédible de faible inflation est poursuivie.
Orbital dynamics of circumbinary planets
Creators: name: Chen, Cheng
name: Franchini, Alessia
name: Lubow, Stephen H.
name: Martin, Rebecca G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dynamics of a nonzero mass, circular orbit planet around an eccentric orbit binary for various values of the binary eccentricity, binary mass fraction, planet mass, and planet semi--major axis by means of numerical simulations. Previous studies investigated the secular dynamics mainly by approximate analytic methods. In the stationary inclination state, the planet and binary precess together with no change in relative tilt. For both prograde and retrograde planetary orbits, we explore the conditions for planetary orbital libration versus circulation and the conditions for stationary inclination. As was predicted by analytic models, for sufficiently high initial inclination, a prograde planet's orbit librates about the stationary tilted state. For a fixed binary eccentricity, the stationary angle is a monotonically decreasing function of the ratio of the planet--to--binary angular momentum $j$. The larger $j$, the stronger the evolutionary changes in the binary eccentricity and inclination. We also calculate the critical tilt angle that separates the circulating from the librating orbits for both prograde and retrograde planet orbits. The properties of the librating orbits and stationary angles are quite different for prograde versus retrograde orbits. The results of the numerical simulations are in very good quantitative agreement with the analytic models. Our results have implications for circumbinary planet formation and evolution.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures
title: On the Nature and the Stability of the Canadian Phillips Curve
Creators: name: Kichian, Maral
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2001

description: This paper empirically determines why, during the 1990s, inflation in Canada was consistently more stable than predicted by the fixed-coefficients Phillips curve. A time-varying-coefficient model, where all the parameters adjust simultaneously, shows that the behaviour of expectations was probably a major contributing factor. A decrease in the value of the coefficient on the first difference of the output gap also seems to have influenced the observed pattern of inflation. Finally, pass-through of relative price shocks into domestic prices is shown to have been low since 1983.
description: L'auteure cherche à déterminer sur le plan empirique pourquoi l'inflation au Canada a été systématiquement plus stable, durant les années 1990, que ne le laissait prévoir la courbe de Phillips à coefficients fixes. Selon les résultats obtenus à l'aide d'un modèle à coefficients variables dont tous les paramètres s'ajustent simultanément, l'un des facteurs déterminants aurait été le comportement des attentes. Une baisse de la valeur du coefficient de la différence première de l'écart de production semble également avoir influé sur le profil d'évolution de l'inflation. L'auteure constate enfin que les chocs de prix relatifs ne se sont répercutés que faiblement sur les prix intérieurs depuis 1983.
Wavelet-based parallel dynamic mesh adaptation for magnetohydrodynamics in the AMROC framework
Creators: name: Domingues, Margarete Oliveira
name: Deiterding, Ralf
name: Lopes, Muller Moreira
name: Gomes, Anna Karina Fontes
name: Mendes, Odim
name: Schneider, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Computational magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) for space physics has become an essential area in understanding the multiscale dynamics of geophysical and astrophysical plasma processes, partially motivated by the lack of space data. Full MHD simulations are typically very demanding and may require substantial computational efforts. In particular, computational space-weather forecasting is an essential long-term goal in this area, motivated for instance by the needs of modern satellite communication technology. We present a new feature of a recently developed compressible two- and three-dimensional MHD solver, which has been successfully implemented into the parallel AMROC (Adaptive Mesh Refinement in Object-oriented C++) framework with improvements concerning the mesh adaptation criteria based on wavelet techniques. The developments are related to computational efficiency while controlling the precision using dynamically adapted meshes in space-time in a fully parallel context.
Electronic Transport in Hybrid Mesoscopic Structures: A Nonequilibrium Green Function Approach
Creators: name: Zeng, Z. Y.
name: Li, Baowen
name: Claro, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a unified transport theory of hybrid structures, in which a confined normal state ($N$) sample is sandwiched between two leads each of which can be either a ferromagnet ($F$) or a superconductor ($S$) via tunnel barriers. By introducing a four-dimensional Nambu-spinor space, a general current formula is derived within the Keldysh nonequilibrium Green function formalism, which can be applied to various kinds of hybrid mesoscopic systems with strong correlations even in the nonequilibrium situation. Such a formula is gauge invariant. We also demonstrate analytically for some quantities, such as the difference between chemical potentials, superconductor order parameter phases and ferromagnetic magnetization orientations, that only their relative value appears explicitly in the current expression. When applied to specific structures, the formula becomes of the Meir-Wingreen-type favoring strong correlation effects, and reduces to the Landauer-Büttiker-type in noninteracting systems such as the double-barrier resonant structures, which we study in detail beyond the wide-band approximation.
description: 24 pages, 12 eps figures, Revtex4
title: Reactions of Canadian Interest Rates to Macroeconomic Announcements: Implications for Monetary Policy Transparency
Creators: name: Gravelle, Toni
name: Moessner, Richhild
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2001

description: In this study we statistically quantify the reactions of Canadian and U.S. interest rates to macroeconomic announcements released in Canada and in the United States. We find that Canadian interest rates react very little to Canadian macroeconomic news and are significantly affected by U.S. macroeconomic news, which indicates that international influences on the Canadian fixed-income markets are important. Moreover, we find little evidence that Canadian interest rates have become more sensitive to Canadian macroeconomic announcements over time. This suggests that Canadian market participants have gained little understanding of which macroeconomic variables condition the Bank's monetary policy reaction function and that the Bank of Canada's efforts, since the early 1990s, to make its conduct of monetary policy more transparent to the public have not been fruitful. We hypothesize that the lack of fixed monetary policy announcement dates in Canada prior to December 2000, and the Bank's efforts to, on occasion, smooth destabilizing fluctuations in foreign exchange rates, have contributed to the inability of Canadian market participants to better understand the monetary policy reaction function.
description: Les auteurs tentent de quantifier statistiquement la réaction des taux d'intérêt au Canada et aux États-Unis à la publication des données macroéconomiques dans ces deux pays. Ils constatent que les taux d'intérêt canadiens réagissent très peu aux nouvelles concernant le comportement récent des indicateurs macroéconomiques canadiens mais beaucoup à celles en provenance des États-Unis, ce qui indiquerait que la conjoncture internationale exerce une grande influence sur le marché canadien des titres à revenu fixe. En outre, les taux canadiens ne semblent pas être devenus plus sensibles avec le temps au dévoilement des données canadiennes. Ces résultats donnent à penser, d'une part, que les participants aux marchés canadiens ignorent toujours quelles variables macroéconomiques entrent dans la fonction de réaction de la politique monétaire de la Banque du Canada et, d'autre part, que les efforts déployés par la banque centrale depuis le début des années 1990 en vue d'accroître la transparence de cette politique ont été vains. Selon les auteurs, le fait que les modifications du taux officiel d'escompte n'étaient pas annoncées à dates fixes avant décembre 2000 et les interventions occasionnelles de la Banque visant à niveler les fluctuations déstabilisatrices du taux de change expliquent en partie pourquoi les participants aux marchés ne comprennent pas mieux la fonction de réaction de la politique monétaire canadienne.
Additional file 1 of Analysis of equity and social inclusiveness of national urban development policies and strategies through the lenses of health and nutrition
Creators: name: Obinna Onwujekwe
name: Mbachu, Chinyere Ojiugo
name: Chukwuedozie Ajaero
name: Uzochukwu, Benjamin
name: Agwu, Prince
name: Onuh, Juliana
name: Orjiakor, Charles Tochukwu
name: Odii, Aloysius
name: Tolib Mirzoev
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 1. Overview of geographic scope, goals and sectors addressed in the urban development policies/strategies/plans included in the review.
title: The Zero Bound on Nominal Interest Rates: How Important Is It?
Creators: name: Amirault, David
name: O'Reilly, Brian
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2001

description: This paper surveys the literature on the zero bound on the nominal interest rate. It addresses questions ranging from the conditions under which the zero bound on the nominal interest rate might occur to policy options to avoid or use to exit from such a situation. We discuss literature that examines historical and country evidence, and literature that uses models to generate evidence on this question. There seems to be a consensus that the probability of encountering the zero bound is relatively low, especially if the inflation target established for the monetary authority is 2 per cent or more. There is some indication in the model work that the likelihood of encountering the zero bound increases at an increasing rate for lower inflation targets. Various caveats apply to drawing conclusions for Canada from the papers we surveyed, among them the paucity of historical experience where a zero bound has occurred, the risk of making inferences using data (or parameters) from different monetary regimes, the relatively few studies using Canadian data, and the weight to give to credibility.
description: Les auteurs font un survol de la littérature consacrée au plancher limitant le taux d'intérêt nominal à zéro. Les questions sur lesquelles ils se penchent vont des conditions dans lesquelles le taux nominal peut tomber à zéro aux mesures à envisager pour prévenir un scénario de ce genre ou faire remonter le taux au-dessus de zéro le cas échéant. Les auteurs passent en revue les résultats présentés jusqu'ici pour divers pays et différentes périodes ainsi que les études des chercheurs qui se servent de modèles dans un cadre de simulation pour étudier la question. On semble s'entendre sur le fait que la probabilité que le taux nominal se heurte à la valeur plancher de zéro est relativement faible, surtout si la cible établie par les autorités monétaires en matière d'inflation est d'au moins 2 %. Les analyses fondées sur l'utilisation de modèles indiquent que cette probabilité augmente à un rythme croissant lorsque la cible d'inflation diminue. Un certain nombre de mises en garde s'imposent au sujet des conclusions à tirer de ces travaux en ce qui concerne le Canada, vu le petit nombre de cas où le taux nominal est descendu à zéro dans le passé, les dangers que présente l'emploi de données (ou de paramètres) dérivant de différents régimes monétaires, le peu d'études qui mettent à contribution des données canadiennes et le rôle incertain de la crédibilité.
Josephson current through a ferromagnetic bilayer: Beyond the quasiclassical approximation
Creators: name: Meng, Hao
name: Ren, Yajie
name: Villegas, Javier E.
name: Buzdin, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations, we provide an exact numerical solution for the critical current of Josephson junctions with a composite ferromagnetic bilayer. We demonstrate that for the antiparallel orientation of the magnetic moments of the bilayer, the presence of a potential barrier at the bilayer interface results in large oscillations of the critical current as a function of ferromagnet thickness and/or exchange field. Because of this, and remarkably, in the range of small exchange field and thicknesses, the magnetism leads to the increase of the critical current. This effect is well pronounced at low temperature but disappears near $T_c$. If the potential barrier is replaced by a spin-active barrier at the bilayer interface the conventional 0-$π$ transition, similar to the case of an uniform ferromagnetic Josephson junction, is observed. Strikingly, for a parallel orientation of the magnetic moments of the bilayer, the presence of the spin-active barrier restores the anomalous behavior---potential barrier in the antiparallel case. These behaviors result from the resonant tunneling of Cooper pairs across the composite barrier---an effect related to the spin-dependent Fermi vector in the presence of the ferromagnets' exchange field.
description: published version
MOESM13 of Genomes and secretomes of Ascomycota fungi reveal diverse functions in plant biomass decomposition and pathogenesis
Creators: name: Challacombe, Jean
name: Cedar Hesse
name: Bramer, Lisa
name: McCue, Lee
name: Lipton, Mary
name: Purvine, Samuel
name: Nicora, Carrie
name: La Gallegos-Graves
name: Porras-Alfaro, Andrea
name: Kuske, Cheryl
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 13. Fold change in expression of proteins, grouped by pathways. Barchart showing expression changes in each fungus, under each culture condition, grouped by metabolic pathways and other functional categories. The data for this Figure are provided in Additional file 12 ‘common pathways’ tab.
Role of friction in pattern formation in oscillated granular layers
Creators: name: Moon, Sung Joon
name: Swift, J. B.
name: Swinney, Harry L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particles in granular flows are often modeled as frictionless (smooth) inelastic spheres; however, there exist no frictionless grains, just as there are no elastic grains. Our molecular dynamics simulations reveal that friction is essential for realistic modeling of vertically oscillated granular layers: simulations of frictionless particles yield patterns with an onset at a container acceleration about 30% smaller than that observed in experiments and simulations with friction. More importantly, even though square and hexagonal patterns form for a wide range of the oscillation parameters in experiments and in our simulations of frictional inelastic particles, only stripe patterns form in the simulations without friction, even if the inelasticity is increased to obtain as much dissipation as in frictional particles. We also consider the effect of particle friction on the shock wave that forms each time the granular layer strikes the container. While a shock wave still forms for frictionless particles, the height and time dependence of the hydrodynamic fields differ for the cases with and without friction.
description: final version appeared in Phys. Rev. E
Assessment and Management of Strength and Durability of Composite Glass Elements
Creators: name: Rodichev, Yurii
Publisher: name: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings
Year: 2016

description: The composite load bearing glass elements have the many advantages as compared with the massive glass structures [1, 2]. The use of high strength, plasticity or viscous behavior of the additional structural elements increases the safety and strength of glass composite. However, the main peculiarities of glass composite mechanical deforming, strength and fracture are remain induced by the primary influence of elastic and brittle nature of glass components on the whole composite structural behavior [1]. The technical approach for the assessment and management of the strength and durability of composite glass elements was developed basing on this position. The management of glass composite strength foresees the use some control tests of the mechanical state of glass components in the composite together with the specific constructional and technological solutions for strength increasing and maintenance in different service conditions [1-5]. Some results of the assessment and management of quality, strength and life time of the annealed and strengthened glass elements as the components of composites with increased carrying capacity are discussed in a paper.
description: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings, Vol. 2 (2010): Challenging Glass 2
MOESM2 of Visit-to-visit variability of glycemia and vascular complications: the Hoorn Diabetes Care System cohort
Creators: name: Slieker, Roderick
name: Heijden, Amber
name: Nijpels, Giel
name: Elders, Petra
name: Hart, Leen
name: Beulens, Joline
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Number of individuals per interval.
title: Valutare l'Assistenza Domiciliare Integrata
Creators: name: Travaglini, Claudio
Publisher: name: University of Bologna
Year: 2024

description: Il contributo vuole approcciare la valutazione economico-aziendale del servizio di assistenza domiciliare integrata (ADI) nell’ambito dei servizi sanitari territoriali.
Dopo aver inquadrato l’ADI e i suoi aggregati elementari (pazienti, episodi di cura, accessi, prestazioni) se ne espone il sistema informativo e si definisce un modello di rappresentazione e valutazione dei sistemi di servizi territoriali di ADI.
Si propone poi un modello di differenziazione e raggruppamento degli episodi di cura basato sulle variabili caratterizzanti ed una lettura dei costi del servizio.
Si costruisce infine una prima ipotesi di modello multidimensionale di valutazione del servizio di assistenza domiciliare basato su un sistema di indicatori di risultato.
Il contributo vuole rappresentare un passo verso la valutazione unitaria dei Piani Diagnostici Terapeutici Assistenziali tra servizi ospedalieri e territoriali
title: Downward Nominal-Wage Rigidity: Micro Evidence from Tobit Models
Creators: name: Crawford, Allan
name: Wright, Geoff
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2001

description: This paper uses Tobit models and data for union contracts to examine the extent of downward nominal-wage rigidity in Canada. To be consistent with important stylized facts, the models allow the variance of the notional wage-change distribution to be time-varying and test for menu-cost effects.

The empirical results confirm the importance of using a general specification with a time-changing variance and menu-cost effects. The variance of the notional distribution fell as inflation trended downward over the sample period, and there is evidence that menu-cost effects cause some contracts to have wage freezes rather than small wage increases. Each of these features reduces the estimated effect of rigidity on wage growth. The estimated net effect of downward rigidity and menu costs in the 1990s is approximately 0.4 percentage points for the average wage change in the first year of contracts, and less than 0.1 percentage point for the average annual change over the lifetime of contracts. On balance, the evidence suggests that the long-run trade-off between inflation and the unemployment rate is close to vertical at inflation rates of 2 per cent or more if productivity growth is near the average in recent decades.
description: Les auteurs utilisent les chiffres des accords salariaux et des modèles tobit pour étudier le degré de rigidité à la baisse des salaires nominaux au Canada. S'inspirant des principaux faits stylisés, ils permettent à la variance de la distribution théorique des variations salariales de fluctuer dans le temps et font intervenir dans leurs modèles les coûts d'étiquetage afin d'en déterminer l'influence.

Les résultats empiriques confirment qu'il est important d'utiliser une formulation générale qui admette une variance dynamique et tienne compte de l'effet possible des coûts d'étiquetage. La variance de la distribution théorique a diminué durant la période d'estimation alors que l'inflation accusait un recul, et il semble bien que les coûts d'étiquetage expliquent la présence de gels au lieu de faibles hausses de la rémunération dans certains cas. Chacun de ces facteurs réduit l'incidence estimative de la rigidité sur la croissance des salaires. Les auteurs estiment l'effet net de la rigidité à la baisse et des coûts d'étiquetage durant les années 1990 à environ 0,4 point de pourcentage pour ce qui est de la variation salariale moyenne enregistrée durant la première année de l'accord et à moins de 0,1 point dans le cas de la variation annuelle moyenne calculée sur la durée totale de l'accord. Les résultats donnent à penser que la courbe décrivant l'arbitrage à long terme entre l'inflation et le taux de chômage est quasi verticale lorsque le taux d'inflation se situe à 2 % ou plus, pour autant que la croissance de la productivité se maintienne autour de la moyenne observée ces dernières décennies.
A Theory for the Radius of the Transiting Giant Planet HD 209458b
Creators: name: Burrows, Adam
name: Sudarsky, David
name: Hubbard, William B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a full frequency-dependent atmosphere code that can incorporate irradiation by a central primary star, we calculate self-consistent boundary conditions for the evolution of the radius of the transiting planet HD 209458b. Using a well-tested extrasolar giant planet evolutionary code, we then calculate the behavior of this planet's radius with age. The measured radius is in fact a transit radius that resides high in HD 209458b's inflated atmosphere. Using our derived atmospheric and interior structures, we find that irradiation plus the proper interpretation of the transit radius can yield a theoretical radius that is within the measured error bars. We conclude that if HD 209458b's true transit radius is at the lower end of the measured range, an extra source of core heating power is not necessary to explain the transit observations.
description: 6 pages in emulateapj format, plus 2 figures (one color), accepted to the Astrophysical Journal
Excitation spectrum of hydrogen adsorbed to carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Renker, B.
name: Schober, H.
name: Schweiss, P.
name: Lebedkin, S.
name: Hennrich, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the microscopic dynamics of hydrogen adsorbed to bundles of single walled carbon nanotubes using inelastic neutron scattering. Evidence is obtained for much higher storage capacities in chemically treated compared to as prepared material. This indicates an additional adsorption layer inside the tubes. Well pronounced excitations in the H2 spectrum at low energies confirm this conclusion. The desorption of hydrogen is monitored in real time as a function of temperature. Hydrogen storage is highly stable below 150 K in agreement with the harmonic evolution of the hydrogen spectrum, which indicates a strong binding potential. Above 200 K hydrogen can be released in a controlled way by simple heating. The excitation spectrum changes significantly during the release. Remnants of hydrogen persist up to 400 K.
description: APS REVTeX 4 file, 5 pages, 5 Postscript figures
Periodic thermodynamics of the parametrically driven harmonic oscillator
Creators: name: Diermann, Onno R.
name: Frerichs, Helge
name: Holthaus, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the quasistationary distribution of Floquet-state occupation probabilities for a parametrically driven harmonic oscillator coupled to a thermal bath. Since the system exhibits detailed balance, and the canonical representatives of its quasienergies are equidistant, these probabilities are given by a geometrical Boltzmann distribution, but its quasitemperature differs from the actual temperature of the bath, being affected by the functional form of the latter's spectral density. We provide two examples of quasithermal engineering, i.e., of deliberate manipulation of the quasistationary distribution by suitable design of the spectral density: We show that the driven system can effectively be made colder than the undriven one, and demonstrate that quasithermal instability can occur even when the system is mechanically stable.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures