cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Energy-Water-Environment Nexus and the Transition Towards a Circular Economy: The Case of Qatar
Creators: name: Ibrahim, Abdul-Jalil
name: Shirazi, Nasim Shah
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Clinical sciences

description: Background Qatar’s per capita consumption of both energy and water is among the highest in the world. Documentation of methods to reduce energy and water use and its impact on the environment is crucial. A circular economy (CE) ensures that economic growth must not necessarily lead to more resource consumption. Materials and methods This study aims to discuss the CE approach with a focus on understanding the interdependencies between energy and water and their impact on the environment. The study explores the energy-water-environment nexus and how Qatar can leverage this to transition to a CE. The policy landscape and strategies related to energy and water use sectors are presented, addressing efficiencies and substitutes from a circular economic viewpoint. Results The findings show that electricity and mobility sectors(energy perspective of the CE) and agriculture and water supply system (water perspective of the CE) of the Qatari economy provide an opportunity for regeneration, virtualising, exchanging, optimising, sharing and closing loops to achieve CE growth. Conclusions The nexus between the mobility, electricity, agriculture and water supply system needs consideration for optimal policy outcome for the CE in Qatar. The study recommends a need to embark on public awareness on moving away from linear economic to the circular economic paradigm and developing a comprehensive policy on Qatar’s circular economic approach that consolidates the Qatar National Vision 2030 and the National Development Strategy 2018–2022 to provide policy clarity and communication towards CE.Other Information Published in: Circular Economy and Sustainability
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s43615-021-00037-w
Glued Solar Cells - A Sophisticated Technology for PV Modules
Creators: name: Mühleisen, W.
name: Neumaier, L.
name: Scheurer, J.
name: Stoesser, B.
name: Pranger, W.
name: Schütz, A.
name: Vollmaier, F.
name: Fischer, T.
name: Lorenz, R.
name: Schwark, M.
name: Ebner, R.
name: Hirschl, C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2018
Subjects: New Materials and Concepts for Photovoltaic Devices
New Materials and Concepts for Cells and Modules

description: 35th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 75-78
description: Crystalline silicon PV modules are normally manufactured with lead-coated interconnectors in a
soldering process. Due to the significant improvement of electronic conductive adhesives (ECA) in the last years, the
interconnection of silicon solar cells by gluing has become possible as well. This young technology could help fulfil
the European directive RoHS without exceptions and avoid lead in interconnectors and components in PV modules.
Furthermore, the gluing concept is ideal for high efficiency solar cell technologies that cannot deal with high
soldering temperatures. Scientific investigations of standard soldered solar cells and glued ones were done at
laboratory and outdoor test platforms. Reliability and economic issues were taken into account. Finally, a 5 kWp PV
plant consisting of 20 panels was manufactured and built for demonstration purposes.
COVID-19: potential therapeutics for pediatric patients
Creators: name: Younis, Nour K.
name: Zareef, Rana O.
name: Fakhri, Ghina
name: Bitar, Fadi
name: Eid, Ali H.
name: Arabi, Mariam
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences
Paediatrics

description: The global spread of COVID-19 has imparted significant economic, medical, and social burdens. Like adults, children are affected by this pandemic. However, milder clinical symptoms are often experienced by them. Only a minimal proportion of the affected patients may develop severe and complicated COVID-19. Supportive treatment is recommended in all patients. Antiviral and immunomodulatory medications are spared for hospitalized children with respiratory distress or severe to critical disease. Up till now, remdesivir is the only USFDA-approved anti-COVID-19 medication indicated in the majority of symptomatic patients with moderate to severe disease. Dexamethasone is solely recommended in patients with respiratory distress maintained on oxygen or ventilatory support. The use of these medications in pediatric patients is founded on evidence deriving from adult studies. No randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving pediatric COVID-19 patients have assessed these medications’ efficacy and safety, among others. Similarly, three novel monoclonal anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein antibodies, bamlanivimab, casirivimab and imdevimab, have been recently authorized by the USFDA. Nonetheless, their efficacy has not been demonstrated by multiple RCTs. In this review, we aim to dissect the various potential therapeutics used in children with COVID-19. We aspire to provide a comprehensive review of the available evidence and display the mechanisms of action and the pharmacokinetic properties of the studied therapeutics. Our review offers an efficient and practical guide for treating children with COVID-19.Other Information Published in: Pharmacological Reports
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s43440-021-00316-1
Research on New Materials for Building Integrated Photovoltaic Applications: AiSoVol Project
Creators: name: González, O.
name: Cueli, A.B.
name: Castelo, R.
name: Hernández, P.
name: Alvarez, A.
name: Linares, A.
name: Llarena, E.
name: Montes, C.
name: Molina, D.
name: Pío, A.
name: Ocaña, L.
name: Quinto, C.
name: Friend, M.
name: Cendagorta, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2018
Subjects: New Materials and Concepts for Photovoltaic Devices
New Materials and Concepts for Cells and Modules

description: 35th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 79-84
description: AiSoVol project consists on the development, manufacturing and testing of a new concept of photovoltaic modules, conceived for facilitating their use as architectural elements. Thus, diverse modules have been fabricated by encapsulating its constituent electrical elements with sandwich lamination techniques and using a transparent polycarbonate instead of tempered glass, as well as binding materials structurally strengthen by a grid made of high-tenacity yarns for avoiding the need for aluminum frames. As a backsheet, polycarbonate and polyester-based materials layers were tested. In this paper, the results of the visual inspection and the electrical characterization of the manufactured prototypes are shown. Various defects such as bubbles, lack of adhesion and buckling arose when using conventional lamination parameters. For this reason, a stepwise heating lamination process was implemented in order to cure the EVA, assure the integrity of the polycarbonate and so doing, avoid these defects. Two functionalities could be assigned to final module depending on its backsheet. Those manufactured with polycarbonate as frontsheet and backsheet, transparent and stiff, could work as active windows or skylights, whereas those using polycarbonate as frontsheet and polyester based materials as a backsheet, lighter but less resistant, would be screwed into any surface of a building.
Diversity and Intelligence in Multi-robot Teams
Creators: name: Dragoicea, Monica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This research proposes new tools for investigation of behavioral diversity in multi-robot systems and a significant body of results using these tools in simulated and real mobile robot experiments. The experiments specifically describe a framework of defining behavior-based strategies for multi-robot tasks as robot foraging, robot soccer and robot formation. The research focuses specifically on motor schema-based multi-robot systems, which are an important example of behavior-based control.
Supplementary document for Two-step homogenization of spatiotemporal metasurfaces using an eigenmode-based approach - 6783193.pdf
Creators: name: Garg, Puneet
name: Lamprianidis, Aristeidis
name: Rahman, Sydur
name: Stefanou, Nikos
name: Papanikolaou, Nikos
name: Almpanis, Evangelos
name: Verfürth, Barbara
name: Rockstuhl, Carsten
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplementary Material
Transition Metal Oxides as Passivated Hole-Contacts Layer for Silicon Solar Cells: Intrinsic and Extrinsic Defects in MoO3 from First-Principles Calculations
Creators: name: Hossain, M.A.
name: Rashkeev, S.N.
name: Erkkara Madhavan, V.
name: Zhang, T.
name: Lee, C.-Y.
name: Hoex, B.
name: Tabet, N.
name: Abdallah, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2018
Subjects: New Materials and Concepts for Photovoltaic Devices
Fundamental Studies

description: 35th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 15-19
description: In this work, we present first-principles calculations for different defects in MoO3 oxide which is considered as a hole-selective contact for crystalline silicon solar cells. An attempt was made to understand the role of different defects in charge carrier transport. In particular, we consider intrinsic defects including oxygen vacancies (VO) and molybdenum vacancies (VMo) as well as extrinsic defects (dopants) in MoO3, namely, hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N), and silicon (Si). We show that some dopants have a shallow level in the MoO3 bandgap close to the conduction band minimum (CBM) which could positively affect hole collection from silicon. The methodology used in this work should facilitate rational design of materials and processes for the charge carrier selective contacts for silicon solar cells.
Supplementary document for Two-step homogenization of spatiotemporal metasurfaces using an eigenmode-based approach - 6695071.pdf
Creators: name: Garg, Puneet
name: Lamprianidis, Aristeidis
name: Rahman, Sydur
name: Stefanou, Nikos
name: Almpanis, Evangelos
name: Papanikolaou, Nikos
name: Verfürth, Barbara
name: Rockstuhl, Carsten
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplementary Material
Active colloids in complex fluids
Creators: name: Patteson, Alison E.
name: Gopinath, Arvind
name: Arratia, Paulo E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review recent work on active colloids or swimmers, such as self-propelled microorganisms, phoretic colloidal particles, and artificial micro-robotic systems, moving in fluid-like environments. These environments can be water-like and Newtonian but can frequently contain macromolecules, flexible polymers, soft cells, or hard particles, which impart complex, nonlinear rheological features to the fluid. While significant progress has been made on understanding how active colloids move and interact in Newtonian fluids, little is known on how active colloids behave in complex and non-Newtonian fluids. An emerging literature is starting to show how fluid rheology can dramatically change the gaits and speeds of individual swimmers. Simultaneously, a moving swimmer induces time dependent, three dimensional fluid flows, that can modify the medium (fluid) rheological properties. This two-way, non-linear coupling at microscopic scales has profound implications at meso- and macro-scales: steady state suspension properties, emergent collective behavior, and transport of passive tracer particles. Recent exciting theoretical results and current debate on quantifying these complex active fluids highlight the need for conceptually simple experiments to guide our understanding.
description: 6 figures
Performance Optimization of a Four-Terminal Cu2O/c-Si Tandem Heterojunction Solar Cell
Creators: name: Nordseth, O.
name: Haug, H.
name: Kumar, R.
name: Bergum, K.
name: Dragan, F.
name: Craciunescu, D.
name: Fara, L.
name: Chilibon, I.
name: Monakhov, E.
name: Foss, S.E.
name: Svensson, B.G.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2018
Subjects: New Materials and Concepts for Photovoltaic Devices
New Materials and Concepts for Cells and Modules

description: 35th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 29-34
description: In this work, the electrical characteristics of a four-terminal Cu2O/c-Si tandem heterojunction solar cell
were investigated. Numerical modelling was used to analyze and optimize the main electrical parameters (open
circuit voltage, short circuit current density, fill factor, and power conversion efficiency) of the individual subcells, in
order to maximize the performance of the four-terminal tandem cell. The electrical and optical properties for
aluminum doped ZnO (AZO) and undoped Cu2O thin film layers synthesized by magnetron sputtering were
determined from experimental characterization and used as input for the numerical modelling of the tandem cell. Hall
effect measurements for the Cu2O thin film show that the majority carrier (hole) mobility increases from 10 to 50
cm2/Vs and the resistivity decreases from 560 to 200 Ωcm after post-deposition thermal annealing at 900°C. The
complex refractive indices for the AZO and Cu2O thin film layers were derived from spectroscopic ellipsometry
measurements, and optical ray tracing method was used to calculate the reduced spectrum transmitted to the c-Si
bottom cell, corresponding to a power density of ~44 mW/cm2. For the ZnO/Cu2O top subcell, a conversion
efficiency of approximately 12.5 % was achieved when a buffer layer with an electron affinity  = 3.65 eV was
inserted between the n-type ZnO emitter layer and the p-type Cu2O absorber layer, whereas for the c-Si bottom
subcell a power density of 12.2 mW/cm2 was achieved, yielding a combined power conversion efficiency of 24.7 %
for the four-terminal Cu2O/c-Si tandem heterojunction solar cell under 1 sun illumination.
Milesacanthus Young and Burrow 2004
Creators: name: Hairapetian, Vachik
name: Valiukevičius, Juozas
name: Burrow, Carole J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Acanthodii
Climatiiformes
Diplacanthidae
Milesacanthus

description: Genus Milesacanthus Young and Burrow, 2004
 Type species: Milesacanthus antarctica Young and Burrow, 2004; Portal Mountain and Mount Crean (Lashly Range), Victoria Land, Antarctica; the Aztec Siltstone, Givetian, Middle Devonian.
description: Published as part of Hairapetian, Vachik, Valiukevičius, Juozas & Burrow, Carole J., 2006, Early Frasnian acanthodians from central Iran, pp. 499-520 in Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 51 (3) on page 508, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13651569
Approach for Simulating Outputs of PV Module/Array of Different Technologies with High Accuracy
Creators: name: Kichou, S.
name: Wolf, P.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2018
Subjects: New Materials and Concepts for Photovoltaic Devices
Fundamental Studies

description: 35th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 85-91
description: Simulations of photovoltaic (PV) modules outputs are of primal importance for reproducing the real behaviour of the PV module/array under changing outdoor conditions. An accurate PV output estimation is crucial for many applications such as PV energy forecasting and fault detection in PV systems. The present work compares two different PV models based on numerical and metaheuristic algorithms used for estimating their unknown parameters. The unknown parameters of the PV models have been extracted from datasheet information, measured I-V curves and from daily profiles of the monitored outputs of the PV modules. The obtained results showed that the extraction of the models parameters from dynamics allows reproducing the real behaviour of the PV modules with root mean square error (RMSE) values less than 3%.
The impact of scoliosis surgery on pulmonary function in spinal muscular atrophy: a systematic review
Creators: name: Alhammoud, Abduljabber
name: Othman, Yahya
name: El-Hawary, Ron
name: Mackenzie, William G.
name: Howard, Jason J.
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Clinical sciences

description: Scoliosis often occurs coincident with pulmonary function deterioration in spinal muscular atrophy but a causal relationship has not yet been reliably established. A systematic literature review was performed, with pulmonary function testing being the primary outcome pre- and post-scoliosis surgery. Levels of evidence were determined and GRADE recommendations made. Ninety studies were identified with only 14 meeting inclusion criteria. Four studies were level III and the rest were level IV evidence. The average age at surgical intervention was 11.8 years (follow-up 6.1 years). Post-operative pulmonary function progressively declined for the majority of studies. Otherwise, pulmonary function: improved (two studies), were unchanged (two studies), had a decreased rate of decline (three studies), declined initially then returned to baseline (two studies). Respiratory and spine-based complications were common. Given the available evidence, the following GRADE C recommendations were made: (1) surgery is most often associated with decreases in pulmonary function; (2) the impact of surgery on pulmonary function is variable, but does not improve over pre-operative baseline; (3) surgery may result in a decreased rate of decline in pulmonary function post-operatively. Given this lack of evidence-based support, the risk–benefit balance should be taken into consideration when contemplating scoliosis surgery.Other Information Published in: Spine Deformity
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s43390-021-00302-w
Nova light curves from the Solar Mass Ejection Imager (SMEI) - II. The extended catalog
Creators: name: Hounsell, R.
name: Darnley, M. J.
name: Bode, M. F.
name: Harman, D. J.
name: Surina, F.
name: Starrfield, S.
name: Holdsworth, D. L.
name: Bewsher, D.
name: Hick, P. P.
name: Jackson, B. V.
name: Buffington, A.
name: Clover, J. M.
name: Shafter, A. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results from observing nine Galactic novae in eruption with the Solar Mass Ejection Imager (SMEI) between 2004 and 2009. While many of these novae reached peak magnitudes that were either at or approaching the detection limits of SMEI, we were still able to produce light curves that in many cases contained more data at and around the initial rise, peak, and decline than those found in other variable star catalogs. For each nova, we obtained a peak time, maximum magnitude, and for several an estimate of the decline time (t2). Interestingly, although of lower quality than those found in Hounsell et al. (2010a), two of the light curves may indicate the presence of a pre-maximum halt. In addition the high cadence of the SMEI instrument has allowed the detection of low amplitude variations in at least one of the nova light curves.
description: 27 pages 10 Figures 18 Tables
3D FEM Model on the Parameters’ Influence of EPB-TBM on Settlements of Single and Twin Metro Tunnels During Construction
Creators: name: Forsat, Masoud
name: Taghipoor, Mohammad
name: Palassi, Masoud
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials engineering
subject: FOS: Materials engineering
subject: Civil engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: The present research exposes the investigation on three-dimensional modeling of the single and twin metro tunnels for the case of the Tehran metro line. At first, simulation implemented on the comparison of the ground movements in the single and twin tunnels. Then the simulation has been performed on the influence of effective parameters of EPB-TBM on the surface settlements throughout excavation. The overcutting, shield conicity, grouting, and the final lining system modeled and the influence of face supporting pressure, grout injection pressure, as well as the clear distance of the tunnels, has been analyzed. The initial results showed a valid ground settlement behavior. The maximum settlements occurred at the end of the shield tail and it was higher in the single tunnel. The face supporting pressure had more effect on the surface settlement in comparison to the grout injection pressure. By increasing the face pressure in the single tunnel, the place of maximum settlement moved back while the grout pressure is insignificant for decreasing the settlements. Furthermore, the influence of the clear distance in the twin tunnels led to zero after the length of 30 m. Accordingly, for more distances, the tunnels must be examined independently and as two different single tunnels.Other Information Published in: International Journal of Pavement Research and Technology
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42947-021-00034-0
Analysis for Non-Radiative Recombination in Quantum Dot Solar Cells and Materials
Creators: name: Zhu, L.
name: Lee, K.-H.
name: Yamaguchi, M.
name: Akiyama, H.
name: Kanemitsu, Y.
name: Araki, K.
name: Kojima, N.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2018
Subjects: New Materials and Concepts for Photovoltaic Devices
Fundamental Studies

description: 35th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 6-11
description: Quantum dot (QD) solar cells have drawn much attention of research because of their capability of tuning
the band gap and potential of realizing many novel concepts such as intermediate transitions. However, high nonradiative
recombination rates in the quantum dot layer stands in the way of realizing high-efficiency QD solar cells. In
this paper, efficiency potential of QD solar cells is discussed based on external radiative efficiency (ERE), open-circuit
voltage loss and fill factor loss and non-radiative recombination loss via current-voltage characteristics in detailed
balance model. Intrinsic loss of QD solar cells is substantially increased with increase in binding energy and volume
density of QDs. External radiative efficiency of QD solar cells is decreased with increase in binding energy and volume
density of QDs due to non-radiative recombination.
Joint searches by FACT, H.E.S.S., MAGIC and VERITAS for VHE gamma-ray emission associated with neutrinos detected by IceCube
Creators: name: Schüssler, Fabian
name: Ashkar, Halim
name: Bernardini, Elisa
name: Berti, Alessio
name: Bradascio, Federica
name: Buson, Sara
name: Dorner, Daniela
name: Jin, Weidong
name: Mezek, Gasper Kukec
name: Santander, Marcos
name: Satalecka, Konstancja
name: Schleicher, Bernd
name: Senniappan, Mohanraj
name: Viale, Ilaria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The sources of the astrophysical flux of high-energy neutrinos detected by IceCube are still largely unknown, but searches for temporal and spatial correlation between neutrinos and electromagnetic radiation are a promising approach in this endeavor. All major imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) - FACT, H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS - operate an active follow-up program of target-of-opportunity observations of neutrino alerts issued by IceCube. These programs use several complementary neutrino alert streams. A publicly distributed alert stream is formed by individual high-energy neutrino candidate events of potentially astrophysical origin, such as IceCube-170922A (which could be linked to the flaring blazar TXS\,0506+056). A privately distributed alert stream is formed by clusters of neutrino events in time and space around either pre-selected gamma-ray sources or anywhere in the sky. Here, we present joint searches for multi-wavelength emission associated with a set of IceCube alerts, both private and public, received through mid-January 2021. We will give an overview of the programs of the participating IACTs. We will showcase the various follow-up and data analysis strategies employed in response to the different alert types and various possible counterpart scenarios. Finally, we will present results from a combined analysis of the VHE gamma-ray observations obtained across all involved instruments, as well as relevant multi-wavelength data.
description: Proceedings 38th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2023)
Simple Yet Efficient Chemically Deposited Ag Rear Side Metallization on ITO for High-Efficiency c-Si Solar Cells
Creators: name: Nagel, H.
name: Sontag, D.
name: Glatthaar, M.
name: Glunz, S.W.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2018
Subjects: New Materials and Concepts for Photovoltaic Devices
New Materials and Concepts for Cells and Modules

description: 35th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 47-50
description: A simple process for preparation of full-area Ag rear side contacts on indium tin oxide (ITO) coated heterojunction technology (HJT) Si solar cells was developed. It employs the well known Tollen’s reagent to chemically deposit Ag. Investigations of the microstructure revealed that dense Ag layers without pores are formed. Compared with evaporated Ag the optical and electrical performance of HJT solar cells is practically the same if edge shunts can be avoided by thorough application of a polymer ink all around the edge before chemical Ag deposition. Hence, expensive high-vacuum deposition systems can be replaced. The process is well suited for lab R & D and could also find application in production when combined with smart wire connection technology.
Nearly 30% High Efficiency Low Concentration InGaP/GaAs//Si 3-Junction Solar Cells Using Smart Stack Technology
Creators: name: Makita, K.
name: Mizuno, H.
name: Baba, M.
name: Oshima, R.
name: Tayagaki, T.
name: Aihara, T.
name: Nakamoto, T.
name: Yamada, N.
name: Takato, H.
name: Sugaya, T.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2018
Subjects: New Materials and Concepts for Photovoltaic Devices
New Materials and Concepts for Cells and Modules

description: 35th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 20-22
description: Low concentration multi-junction (MJ) solar cells have a practical solution to consist with high
efficiency and low cost. We have demonstrated a low concentration InGaP/GaAs//Si 3-junction solar cell with
23.74% at 8.0 suns using Smart Stack technology, which is a unique mechanical technology with Pd nanoparticle
alignment. In this report, it is focused on the reduction of the bonding resistance. Especially, the bonding resistance at
Pd/Si interface had become an important issue for low concentration performance. We examined the surface
treatment of Si cell using Buffered Hydrogen Fluoride (BHF) solution. As a result, the bonding resistance at the high
current density is reduced, and cell performance for low concentration was improved drastically. Using this
technology, we fabricated an InGaP/GaAs//Si 3-junction solar cell and observed the maximum efficiency of 28.68%
at 10.3 suns (AM1.5g). These results strongly suggested the high potential of our Smart Stack technology to achieve
high efficiency GaAs//Si MJ solar cells for practical use.
Discovery of a variable X-ray counterpart to HESS J1832-093: A new gamma-ray binary?
Creators: name: Eger, P.
name: Laffon, H.
name: Bordas, P.
name: Whilhelmi, E. de Ona
name: Hinton, J.
name: Puehlhofer, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The TeV gamma-ray point source HESSJ1832-093 remains unidentified despite extensive multi-wavelength studies. The gamma-ray emission could originate in a very compact pulsar wind nebula or an X-ray binary system composed of the X-ray source XMMU J183245-0921539 and a companion star (2MASS J18324516-0921545). To unveil the nature of XMMUJ183245-0921539 and its relation to HESSJ1832-093, we performed deeper follow-up observations in X-rays with Chandra and Swift to improve source localisation and to investigate time variability. We observed an increase of the X-ray flux by a factor ~6 in the Chandra data compared to previous observations. The source is point-like for Chandra and its updated position is only 0.3" offset from 2MASS J18324516-0921545, confirming the association with this infrared source. Subsequent Swift ToO observations resulted in a lower flux, again compatible with the one previously measured with XMM-Newton, indicating a variability timescale of the order of two months or shorter. The now established association of XMMU J183245-0921539 and 2MASS J18324516-0921545 and the observed variability in X-rays are strong evidence for binary nature of HESS J1832-093. Further observations to characterise the optical counterpart as well as to search for orbital periodicity are needed to confirm this scenario.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Phase transitions for energy applications
Creators: name: PIPER, SAMANTHA LOUISE
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 401703
subject: Energy generation, conversion and storage (excl. chemical and electrical)

description: This thesis studies a range of new intermediate temperature phase change materials for application in thermal battery technologies. A variety of analytical techniques are used to elucidate the structure-property relationships governing the melting properties of the materials, with a focus on the enthalpy of fusion.
Biochar from vegetable wastes: agro-environmental characterization
Creators: name: Pradhan, Snigdhendubala
name: Abdelaal, Ali H.
name: Mroue, Kamal
name: Al-Ansari, Tareq
name: Mackey, Hamish R.
name: McKay, Gordon
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Pollution and contamination
Soil sciences

description: Considering the global issue of vegetable wastes generation and its impact on the environment and resources, this study evaluated the conversion of four largely produced vegetable wastes (cauliflower, cabbage, banana peels and corn cob residues) into biochar. Each waste was tested individually and as a combined blend to assess feedstock influences on biochar properties. In addition, various pyrolysis temperatures ranging from 300 °C to 600 °C and two particle size fractions (less than 75 µm, 75–125 µm) were considered. Biochars were characterized for various properties that can influence the biochars’ effectiveness as a soil amendment. It was found that pyrolysis temperature was the most dominant factor on biochar properties, but that individual feedstocks produced biochars with different characteristics. The biochars had characteristics that varied as follows: pH 7.2–11.6, ECE 0.15–1.00 mS cm−1, CEC 17–cmolc kg−1 and ζ-potential − 0.24 to − 43 mV. Based on optimal values of these parameters from the literature, cauliflower and banana peels were determined to be the best feedstocks, though mixed vegetable waste also produced good characteristics. The optimum temperature for pyrolysis was around 400 °C, but differed slightly (300–500 °C) depending on the distinct feedstock. However, smaller particle size of biochar application was always optimal. Biochar yields were in the range of 20–30% at this temperature range, except for corn cobs which were higher. This study demonstrates that pyrolysis of dried vegetable wastes is a suitable waste valorization approach to produce biochar with good agricultural properties.Other Information Published in: Biochar
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42773-020-00069-9
Exploring New Convergences between PV Technologies for High Efficiency Tandem Solar Cells: Wide Band Gap Epitaxial CIGS Top Cells on Silicon Bottom Cells with III-V Intermediate Layers
Creators: name: Lincot, D.
name: Barreau, N.
name: Ben Slimane, A.
name: Bideaud, T.
name: Collin, S.
name: Feifel, M.
name: Dimroth, F.
name: Balestrieri, M.
name: Coutancier, D.
name: Béchu, S.
name: Bouttemy, M.
name: Etcheberry, A.
name: Durand, O.
name: Pinault-Thaury, M.A.
name: Jomard, F.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2018
Subjects: New Materials and Concepts for Photovoltaic Devices
New Materials and Concepts for Cells and Modules

description: 35th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 23-28
description: A new concept is proposed to develop efficient tandem cells based on silicon bottom cells and wide band gap Cu(In,Ga,Al)(S,Se)2 (noted CIGS) top cells. It consists in introducing an epitaxial III-V buffer layer at the interface. The benefit of this configuration is discussed in terms of lattice and band offsets matching between CIGS and III-V's. Selected combinations are proposed, with AlGaAs and GaAlP buffer layers. Preliminary results with CuGaSe2 on various sustrates confirm the influence if the substraqte on the growth of CGS and PV propoerties. Epitacial growth on GaP and possible selective back contact effect with GaAlAs are evidenced. Preliminary results on using advanced characterization methods are presented (quantum efficiency, x-ray diffraction, secondary ion mass spectroscopy, nanoAuger, cathodoluminescence).
The order versions of the Hahn--Banach Theorem and envelopes. I. Homogeneous functions
Creators: name: Khabibullin, Bulat
name: Rozit, Alexei
name: Khabibullin, Farkhat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46A22, 06A06, 16W22, 32C37

description: We present here the General formulation of the problem of existence and construction of upper and lower envelope for an arbitrary function with values from the completion of the ordered set ${\rm S}$ for a certain class of functions with values in ${\rm S}$. The task is parsed only for the simplest case of model class of homogeneous functions. Consider only order-algebraic version without the involvement of the topology.
description: 17 pages, in Russian
Effect of anions on the structural, morphological and dielectric properties of hydrothermally synthesized hydroxyapatite nanoparticles
Creators: name: Sundarabharathi, Lakshmanaperumal
name: Ponnamma, Deepalekshmi
name: Parangusan, Hemalatha
name: Chinnaswamy, Mahendran
name: Al-Maadeed, Mariam Al Ali
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nanotechnology
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology

description: Abstract Synthetic nano hydroxyapatites (HA) have been considered as potential biomaterials for bone tissue engineering applications because of its excellent biological properties. The present work deals with the synthesis of HA nanoparticles from different anion source materials via autoclave assisted hydrothermal method. All the prepared HA nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transformation infrared spectra, field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectra and high resolution transmission electron microscopy. The XRD patterns reveal the pure and hexagonal phase structure with smaller crystallite size for HA obtained from various calcium salt precursors. HA particles prepared from nitrate precursors show spherical morphology with 32 nm grain size whereas those derived from the acetate, chloride and egg shell precursors respectively show needle-like, irregular and oval morphology. The effect of different anions on the dielectric properties and alternating conductivity of HA is investigated, as a polarized surface can trigger biological reactions. For the particles obtained from nitrate, acetate, chloride and egg shell precursors respectively give dielectric constant (εʹ) values of 9.96, 13.22, 9.92 and 10.86 at 5 MHz. The εʹ and dielectric loss (εʹʹ) values for the HA nanoparticles decrease with increase in the applied frequency as well. The alternating current conductivity values confirm that the as-synthesized HA samples exhibit insulating behavior. In short this article provides the various applicability of HA particles in optoelectronics and drug delivery.Other Information Published in: SN Applied Sciences
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42452-019-1807-3
BioExcel Webinar #34 - MDBenchmark: a tedious task – made straightforward
Creators: name: Gecht, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: webinar

description: Molecular dynamics software is optimized to yield the highest performance on available resources. The details of why computations perform better or worse depends on various parameters. As an example, common biomolecular simulations stop to scale linearly when too much computational power is provided. Optimization of available parameters is a tedious task and is perfectly suited for automation procedures.
 MDBenchmark is a tool that provides a straightforward way to perform scaling studies of molecular dynamics simulations across a different number of nodes, as well as different parameters. Given an input file, e.g., a TPR file for GROMACS, MDBenchmark handles submission of jobs to any given queuing system, retrieval of performance data and creation of a plot for an easy estimation of the most efficient usage of computational resources.
 In this webinar, we will present how to use MDBenchmark, starting with the installation process, going over benchmark generation, submission and analysis. Furthermore, we will provide explanations on how to set up MDBenchmark and customize submission scripts, to perform scaling simulations on any high performance cluster. We will also discuss the future vision for the project and how anyone can get involved in the development.
Large-scale triaxial and box testing on railroad ballast: a review
Creators: name: Alabbasi, Yahia
name: Hussein, Mohammed
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Transportation, logistics and supply chains

description: The use of railway transportation systems has been increased throughout the years. The conventional ballasted tracks have been used widely in many countries around the world. Ballast material is the basic element of ballasted tracks. Ballast degrades and deforms after service. Therefore, periodical ballast maintenance is needed which is a cost and time expensive activity. Understanding ballast mechanical behavior leads to better design and efficient maintenance. From the literature, experimental approach is used to understand the mechanical behavior of railroad ballast. Traditional experimental tests provide inaccurate results due to the large ballast particle size with relative to sample size. Researchers used large scale triaxial and box tests extensively to understand the mechanical behavior of railroad ballast. The target of this paper is to present a concise review of the extensive literature presented on the mechanical behavior of railroad ballast using large scale triaxial and box testing. It discusses the various aspects of large-scale equipment such as apparatus’ set-up, size, material and shape, simulated load condition and test purpose. It presents the key findings of the large-scale triaxial and box tests in understanding ballast mechanical behavior.Other Information Published in: SN Applied Sciences
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42452-019-1459-3
Three-Terminal Tandem Solar Cells Combining Bottom Interdigitated Back Contact and Top Heterojunction Subcells: A New Architecture for High Power Conversion Efficiency
Creators: name: Kleider, J.-P.
name: Djebbour, Z.
name: Migan-Dubois, A.
name: El-Huni, W.
name: Leon, C.
name: Gueunier-Farret, M.E.
name: Connolly, J.P.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2018
Subjects: New Materials and Concepts for Photovoltaic Devices
New Materials and Concepts for Cells and Modules

description: 35th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 35-38
description: We describe the working principle of a three-terminal tandem solar cell that associates a silicon
interdigitated back contact bottom cell with a top heterojunction cell. Illustrations are given and calculations are
performed in two examples: (i) the bottom silicon absorber is n-type and the top absorber is a III-V compound with a
p-type top layer forming a p-i-n heterojunction; in this case the n+ back contact layer is common to both cells and
allows the extraction of electrons generated in both absorbers (ii) the bottom absorber is p-type and the top absorber
is a MaPbI3 perovskite; in this case the p+ back contact common to both cells allows the extraction of electrons
generated in both absorbers. Of particular importance in the proposed 3-terminal architecture using a heterojunction
subcell is the band alignment at the heterointerface that provides selective carrier transport. It is shown that, in the
case of an n-type silicon bottom absorber, a selective interface buffer having a large valence band offset and a zero or
negligible conduction band offset can significantly improve the photovoltaic performance. In the case of a p-type
bottom silicon absorber, misalignment of the valence band should be avoided while a large conduction band offset
provides selective electron extraction. The concept is promising since it can avoid some drawbacks of the twoterminal
and four-terminal tandem cells while providing equivalent high conversion efficiencies.
Influence of the shape and mass of a small robot when thrown to a dummy human head
Creators: name: Alhaddad, Ahmad Yaser
name: Cabibihan, John-John
name: Hayek, Ahmad
name: Bonarini, Andrea
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Control engineering, mechatronics and robotics

description: Social robots have shown some efficacy in assisting children with autism and are now being considered as assistive tools for therapy. The physical proximity of a small companion social robot could become a source of harm to children with autism during aggressive physical interactions. A child exhibiting challenging behaviors could throw a small robot that could harm another child’s head upon impact. In this paper, we investigate the effects of the mass and shape of objects thrown on impact at different velocities on the linear acceleration of a developed dummy head. This dummy head could be the head of another child or a caregiver in the room. A total of 27 main experiments were conducted based on Taguchi’s orthogonal array design. The data were then analyzed using ANOVA and then optimized based on the signal-to-noise ratio. Our results revealed that the two design factors considered (i.e. mass and shape) and the noise factor (i.e. impact velocities) affected the response. Finally, confirmation runs at the optimal identified shape and mass (i.e. mass of 0.3 kg and shape of either cube or wedge) showed an overall reduction in the resultant peak linear acceleration of the dummy head as compared to the other conditions. These results have implications on the design and manufacturing of small social robots whereby minimizing the mass of the robots can aid in mitigating the potential harm to the head due to impacts.Other Information Published in: SN Applied Sciences
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42452-019-1447-7
Screening Carrier Selective Contact Combinations for Novel Crystalline Si Cell Structures
Creators: name: Brendel, R.
name: Kruse, C.
name: Merkle, A.
name: Schulte-Huxel, H.
name: Haase, F.
name: Peibst, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2018
Subjects: New Materials and Concepts for Photovoltaic Devices
New Materials and Concepts for Cells and Modules

description: 35th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 39-46
description: High efficiency crystalline Si solar cells require contacts with high carrier selectivity. This is ensured for contacts having low recombination currents as well as low contact resistances. A large variety of material systems for electron- and hole-selective contacts were measured in the literature. We screen a subset of electron- and hole-selective contacts to find promising combinations in terms of efficiency potential on the one hand and in terms of practical processes on the other hand. We use modelling of ideal Si cells with non-ideal experimental contact properties to determine the maximum efficiency and the optimized areal contact fractions for many contact combinations. Cells using a-Si and/or poly-Si contacts have the highest contact-limited efficiencies. Such cells are, however, quite different from today’s PERC technology. We therefore also look for contact combinations that have one contact type equal to the current PERC technology and identify cell structures that combine a poly-Si(n) contact with a screen-printed Al-doped contacts (PAL cells) as an attractive upgrade for the PERC technology. We also report on experimental work on building blocks for various types of PAL cells.
Thermodynamic analysis of theoretical dolomite formation from seawater and captured carbon dioxide
Creators: name: Al-Breiki, Mohammed
name: Bicer, Yusuf
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: In this study, an integrated system is proposed to form dolomite chemically from seawater and carbon dioxide. The system contains three main chemical processes: formation of magnesium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide, the reaction of magnesium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide with carbon dioxide, and the formation of dolomite. Based on the fundamental thermodynamic laws, energy and exergy analyses, and performance assessment of the proposed system is carried out. Furthermore, the effects of varying temperatures of each process on various energy and exergy efficiencies are assessed through parametric studies. The results show that formation of dolomite is favorable at temperature ranges of 313–470 K based on the thermodynamic study. The exergy efficiency of dolomite formation is found to be about 23.8% and the results reveal that the dolomite formation process has the specific exergy destruction value of 29.6 kJ/mol among other sub-processes. The results suggest that the proposed system may provide enhanced options for low-temperature dolomite formation using seawater and captured carbon dioxide once the reaction kinetics is favored.Other Information Published in: SN Applied Sciences
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42452-019-1313-7
Building multimedia repository for composing images perspective
Creators: name: Elloumi, Samir
name: AlJa’am, Jihad Mohamad
name: Zakraoui, Jezia
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Information systems

description: Multimedia repository is helpful for educational activities since it offers several illustrations that facilitate the learning process and the text understanding. In this paper, we propose to build a multimedia repository from collected images using object extraction techniques. Then, we associate Arabic captions to all extracted objects. These extracted objects are used to compose new scenes that could illustrate efficiently the most important events in an Arabic story. We extend, thereby the notion of image composing to our approach as the task of constructing new images based on a set of toolboxes and a set of extracted objects as our multimedia repository of common animal behaviors. Our preliminary results show that the composed scenes using single objects provided a fair understanding of the main events of the stories as well as a coherent visual layout of all single objects. The diversity and the precision of the single objects images for the domain of animals have shown a great impact on composing new scenes either manually or dynamically.Other Information Published in: SN Applied Sciences
 License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
See article on publisher's website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42452-019-1123-y