cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Neural object-centric scene representation and generation
Creators: name: Singh, Gautam
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2025

description: Although deep learning has achieved remarkable success, it still falls short in robustness, systematic generalization, interpretability, reasoning, and creating new knowledge from limited experience. Addressing these limitations requires learning representations that understand the underlying causal structure of the data. A key step in this direction is discovering hidden generative causal variables, such as objects and other scene factors. This dissertation develops architectures and algorithms to infer object-centric representations of visual scenes without human supervision or labels. Building on the idea of perception as inverse graphics, existing approaches rely on inverting renderers that are brittle, cumbersome, and limited to simple visual scenes. In Part One, we propose, for the first time, the idea of taking an expressive decoder and inverting it to learn object-centric representations. We show that this achieves an unprecedented scene decomposition ability in visually complex scenes. It gracefully handles aspects of raytracing like shadows and reflections that are poorly handled by existing decoders. We also show evidence of systematic generalization by decoding novel object combinations. Next, to extend these benefits from images to videos, we explore two routes: a recurrent route and a parallelizable route; and analyze their trade-offs. In Part Two, we build on our previous success and move beyond monolithic object representations. We introduce a novel method that discovers not only objects but also intra-object factors, crucially, for the first time in complex scenes.
Japanagallia asymmetrica C.A.Viraktamath 2011, sp. nov.
Creators: name: C. A. Viraktamath
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Japanagallia
Japanagallia asymmetrica

description: Japanagallia asymmetrica sp. nov.
Figs 400–405.
 Color. Face black except lateral margins of genae, large spot at base of lorum, adjacent gena, margin of antennal ledge, pair of broad U-shaped stripes separated by median and two lateral black stripes of uniform width on face dorsad of ocelli, isolating two subglobse black spots on vertex, ochraceous. Pronotum black, lateral and caudal margins ochraceous. Scutellum black with two lateral whitish yellow spots. Forewings brown, veins pale but prominent. Posterior margin of propleura ochraceous, remaining of thoracic pleura black. Legs infuscated. Abdomen black. Subgenital plates ochraceous.
 Male genitalia. Pygofer caudoventrally directed, broader caudally, caudoventral projection shorter, with mesally directed spine on dorsal margin. Subgenital plates longer than wide. Aedeagal shaft strongly ventrally curved near apex, bearing two laterally directed, asymmetrical, subapical short processes and pair of tooth-like processes at base on dorsal margin, gonopore apical.
 Measurements. Male 4.64 mm long, 1.60 mm wide across eyes.
 Material examined. CHINA: HOLOTYPE ♂, Fukien, Shaown: Tachulan, 1000m, 10.v.1943, T.C. Maa (BPBM).
 Remarks. J. asymmetrica closely resembles J. longipenis but differs in having a shorter aedeagal shaft bearing a pair of shorter asymmetrical processes and with one pair of teeth-like projections basally.
description: Published as part of C. A. Viraktamath, 2011, Revision of the Oriental and Australian Agalliini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Megophthalminae) 2844, pp. 1-118 in Zootaxa 2844 on pages 82-84
Sub-GeV Gamma Rays from Nearby Seyfert Galaxies and Implications for Coronal Neutrino Emission
Creators: name: Murase, Kohta
name: Karwin, Christopher M.
name: Kimura, Shigeo S.
name: Ajello, Marco
name: Buson, Sara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations of high-energy neutrinos by IceCube and gamma rays by the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) and the MAGIC telescope have suggested that neutrinos are produced in gamma-ray opaque environments in the vicinity of supermassive black holes. In this work, we present 20 MeV - 1 TeV spectra of three Seyfert galaxies whose nuclei are predicted to be active in neutrinos, NGC 4151, NGC 4945 and the Circinus galaxy, using 14.4 yr of the Fermi LAT data. In particular, we find evidence of sub-GeV excess emission that can be attributed to gamma rays from NGC 4945, as was also seen in NGC 1068. These spectral features are consistent with predictions of the magnetically powered corona model, and we argue that NGC 4945 is among the brightest neutrino active galaxies detectable for KM3Net and Baikal-GVD. On the other hand, in contrast to other reported results, we do not detect gamma rays from NGC 4151, which constrains neutrino emission from the accretion shock model. Future neutrino detectors such as IceCube-Gen2 and MeV gamma-ray telescopes such as AMEGO-X will be crucial for discriminating among the theoretical models.
description: 12 pages, 3+2 figures, 1+3 tables, version published in ApJL (submitted on Dec/26/2023, accepted on Dec/30/2023)
Circulating cell free DNA during definitive chemo-radiotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer patients – initial observations
Creators: name: Nygård, Lotte
name: Ahlborn, Lise B.
name: Persson, Gitte F.
name: Chandrananda, Dineika
name: Langer, Jonathan W.
name: Fischer, Barbara M.
name: Langer, Seppo W.
name: Gabrielaite, Miglė
name: Kjær, Andreas
name: Rosenfeld, Nitzan
name: Mouliere, Florent
name: Østrup, Olga
name: Vogelius, Ivan R.
name: Bentzen, Søren M.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Research Article
Medicine and health sciences
Biology and life sciences

description: Background: The overall aim was to investigate the change over time in circulating cell free DNA (cfDNA) in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) undergoing concurrent chemo-radiotherapy. Furthermore, to assess the possibility of detecting circulating cell free tumor DNA (ctDNA) using shallow whole genome sequencing (sWGS) and size selection. Methods: Ten patients were included in a two-phase study. The first four patients had blood samples taken prior to a radiation therapy (RT) dose fraction and at 30 minutes, 1 hour and 2 hours after RT to estimate the short-term dynamics of cfDNA concentration after irradiation. The remaining six patients had one blood sample taken on six treatment days 30 minutes post treatment to measure cfDNA levels. Presence of ctDNA as indicated by chromosomal aberrations was investigated using sWGS. The sensitivity of this method was further enhanced using in silico size selection. Results: cfDNA concentration from baseline to 120 min after therapy was stable within 95% tolerance limits of +/- 2 ng/ml cfDNA. Changes in cfDNA were observed during therapy with an apparent qualitative difference between adenocarcinoma (average increase of 0.69 ng/ml) and squamous cell carcinoma (average increase of 4.0 ng/ml). Tumor shrinkage on daily cone beam computer tomography scans during radiotherapy did not correlate with changes in concentration of cfDNA. Conclusion: Concentrations of cfDNA remain stable during the first 2 hours after an RT fraction. However, based on the sWGS profiles, ctDNA represented only a minor fraction of cfDNA in this group of patients. The detection sensitivity of genomic alterations in ctDNA strongly increases by applying size selection.
Nonlinear clustering during the cosmic Dark Ages and its effect on the 21-cm background from minihalos
Creators: name: Iliev, Ilian T.
name: Scannapieco, Evan
name: Martel, Hugo
name: Shapiro, Paul R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hydrogen atoms inside virialized minihalos generate a radiation background from redshifted 21-cm line emission whose angular fluctuations reflect clustering during before and during reionization. We have shown elsewhere that this emission may be detectable with the planned Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) and Square Kilometer Array (SKA) in a flat LambdaCDM. This is a direct probe of structure during the ``Dark Ages'' at redshifts z>6 and down to smaller scales than have previously been constrained. In our original calculation, we used a standard approximation known as the ``linear bias'' [e.g. Mo & White (1996)]. Here we improve upon that treatment by considering the effect of nonlinear clustering. To accomplish this, we develop a new analytical method for calculating the nonlinear Eulerian bias of halos, which should be useful for other applications as well. Predictions of this method are compared with the results of LambdaCDM N-body simulations, showing significantly better agreement than the standard linear bias approximation. When applied to the 21-cm background from minihalos, our formalism predicts fluctuations that differ from our original predictions by up to 30% at low frequencies and small scales. However, within the range of frequencies and angular scales at which the signal could be observable by LOFAR and SKA as currently planned, the differences are small and our original predictions prove robust. Our results indicate that while a smaller frequency bandwidth of observation leads to a higher signal that is more sensitive to nonlinear effects, this effect is counteracted by the lowered sensitivity of the radio arrays. We calculate the best frequency bandwidth for these observations to be Delta nu~2 MHz.(abbreviated)
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, submitted to MNRAS, changed to accomodate the comments of the referee, Figure 1 is with degraded resolution due to archive file size restrictions, full-resolution figure available from Authors upon request
The role of Alfvén wave dynamics on the large scale properties of the solar wind: comparing an MHD simulation with PSP E1 data
Creators: name: Réville, Victor
name: Velli, Marco
name: Panasenco, Olga
name: Tenerani, Anna
name: Shi, Chen
name: Badman, Samuel T.
name: Bale, Stuart D.
name: Kasper, J. C.
name: Stevens, Michael L.
name: Korreck, Kelly E.
name: Bonnell, J. W.
name: Case, Anthony W.
name: de Wit, Thierry Dudok
name: Goetz, Keith
name: Harvey, Peter R.
name: Larson, Davin E.
name: Livi, Roberto
name: Malaspina, David M.
name: MacDowall, Robert J.
name: Pulupa, Marc
name: Whittlesey, Phyllis L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During Parker Solar Probe's first orbit, the solar wind plasma has been observed in situ closer than ever before, the perihelion on November 6th 2018 revealing a flow that is constantly permeated by large amplitude Alfvénic fluctuations. These include radial magnetic field reversals, or switchbacks, that seem to be a persistent feature of the young solar wind. The measurements also reveal a very strong, unexpected, azimuthal velocity component. In this work, we numerically model the solar corona during this first encounter, solving the MHD equations and accounting for Alfvén wave transport and dissipation. We find that the large scale plasma parameters are well reproduced, allowing the computation of the solar wind sources at Probe with confidence. We try to understand the dynamical nature of the solar wind to explain both the amplitude of the observed radial magnetic field and of the azimuthal velocities.
description: Accepted Erratum includeded as an appendix. Updated references. 17 pages, 9 figures total
Japanagallia curvata C.A.Viraktamath 2011, sp. nov.
Creators: name: C. A. Viraktamath
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Japanagallia
Japanagallia curvata

description: Japanagallia curvata sp. nov.
Figs 406–412.
 Color. Brownish with varying black areas. Two subglobose spots and two stripes adjacent to mesal margin of eyes on vertex, black. Apically broadened median stripe joining large black area on face fuscous. Antennal ledge, short transverse band across base of lorum and gena, brownish yellow; outer genal margin yellowish white. Remaining of face and anterior pronotal band as in J. neotappana sp. nov. (see below). Two lateral spots on scutellum yellowish white, apex of scutellum, thoracic pleura, legs infuscated. Forewing veins lighter in color and prominent.
 Morphology. Inner claval vein apically bifid and with series of cross veins connecting it with claval suture.
 Male genitalia. Pygofer with dorsal and mesal triangular lobes with serrated caudal margin. Connective about as long as broad. Aedeagus in lateral view U-shaped, atrium three times as long as broad, preatrium strongly developed, shorter than aedeagal shaft, caudally directed, triangular, apically attenuated, aedeagal shaft dorsally curved about mid length dorsally, with pair of wing-like processes of varying size subapiclly, gonopore apical.
 Measurements. Male 4.56 (4.43–4.58) mm long, 1.52 (1.47–1.56) mm wide across eyes.
 Material examined. CHINA: HOLOTYPE ♂, Fukien: Shaown: Tachulan, 1000m, 6–9.iv.1943, T. Maa (BPBM). PARATYPES: CHINA: Fukien: 2 ♂, same data as holotype; 3 ♂, same data as holotype except 21.iii.1942, 5.iv.1942 and 14.iv.1943 (BPBM); 2 ♂, same data as holotype except 2.iv.1942 (CAS).
 Remarks. J. curvata resembles J. javana and J. yoshimotoi from which it can be readily distinguished by the features of aedeagus and pygofer.
description: Published as part of C. A. Viraktamath, 2011, Revision of the Oriental and Australian Agalliini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Megophthalminae) 2844, pp. 1-118 in Zootaxa 2844 on page 84
Input-output theory for fermions in an atom cavity
Creators: name: Search, C. P.
name: Poetting, S.
name: Zhang, W.
name: Meystre, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize the quantum optical input-output theory developed for optical cavities to ultracold fermionic atoms confined in a trapping potential, which forms an "atom cavity". In order to account for the Pauli exclusion principle, quantum Langevin equations for all cavity modes are derived. The dissipative part of these multi-mode Langevin equations includes a coupling between cavity modes. We also derive a set of boundary conditions for the Fermi field that relate the output fields to the input fields and the field radiated by the cavity. Starting from a constant uniform current of fermions incident on one side of the cavity, we use the boundary conditions to calculate the occupation numbers and current density for the fermions that are reflected and transmitted by the cavity.
Japanagallia dentata Cai & He
Creators: name: C. A. Viraktamath
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Japanagallia
Japanagallia dentata

description: Japanagallia dentata Cai & He
 Japanagallia dentata Cai and He in Cai et al., 2001:201, figs. 71–80.
 Remarks. No material of this species was examined. Judging from the illustrations provided by Cai and He (2001), this species resembles J. javana but differs in lacking short processes on the aedeagal shaft at about the distal third and the male pygofer has a conspicuous dentate margin.
description: Published as part of C. A. Viraktamath, 2011, Revision of the Oriental and Australian Agalliini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Megophthalminae) 2844, pp. 1-118 in Zootaxa 2844 on page 84
Squamous trans-differentiation of pancreatic cancer cells promotes stromal inflammation
Creators: name: Somerville, Tim DD
name: Biffi, Giulia
name: Daßler-Plenker, Juliane
name: Hur, Stella K
name: He, Xue-Yan
name: Vance, Krysten E
name: Miyabayashi, Koji
name: Xu, Yali
name: Maia-Silva, Diogo
name: Klingbeil, Olaf
name: Demerdash, Osama E
name: Preall, Jonathan B
name: Hollingsworth, Michael A
name: Egeblad, Mikala
name: Tuveson, David A
name: Vakoc, Christopher R
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Research Article
Cancer Biology
Human Biology and Medicine
TP63
inflammation
cancer-associated fibroblasts
pancreatic cancer
trans-differentiation
squamous
Human
Mouse

description: Funder: Pershing Square Foundation; FundRef: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100010304
description: Funder: Lustgarten Foundation; FundRef: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100005979
description: Funder: The Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory and Northwell Health Affiliation
description: Funder: Thompson Family Foundation
description: Funder: Simons Foundation; FundRef: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000893
description: A highly aggressive subset of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas undergo trans-differentiation into the squamous lineage during disease progression. Here, we investigated whether squamous trans-differentiation of human and mouse pancreatic cancer cells can influence the phenotype of non-neoplastic cells in the tumor microenvironment. Conditioned media experiments revealed that squamous pancreatic cancer cells secrete factors that recruit neutrophils and convert pancreatic stellate cells into cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) that express inflammatory cytokines at high levels. We use gain- and loss-of-function approaches to show that squamous-subtype pancreatic tumor models become enriched with neutrophils and inflammatory CAFs in a p63-dependent manner. These effects occur, at least in part, through p63-mediated activation of enhancers at pro-inflammatory cytokine loci, which includes IL1A and CXCL1 as key targets. Taken together, our findings reveal enhanced tissue inflammation as a consequence of squamous trans-differentiation in pancreatic cancer, thus highlighting an instructive role of tumor cell lineage in reprogramming the stromal microenvironment.
Quasi-long range order in glass states of impure liquid crystals, magnets, and superconductors
Creators: name: Feldman, D. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this review we consider glass states of several disordered systems: vortices in impure superconductors, amorphous magnets, and nematic liquid crystals in random porous media. All these systems can be described by the random-field or random-anisotropy O(N) model. Even arbitrarily weak disorder destroys long range order in the O(N) model. We demonstrate that at weak disorder and low temperatures quasi-long range order emerges. In quasi-long-range-ordered phases the correlation length is infinite and correlation functions obey power dependencies on the distance. In pure systems quasi-long range order is possible only in the lower critical dimension and only in the case of Abelian symmetry. In the presence of disorder this type of ordering turns out to be more common. It exists in a range of dimensions and is not prohibited by non-Abelian symmetries.
description: 32 pages
MOESM6 of A novel approach for the generation of genetically modified mammary epithelial cell cultures yields new insights into TGFÎ˛ signaling in the mammary gland
Creators: name: Kohn, Ethan
name: Zhijun Du
name: Sato, Misako
name: Schyndle, Catherine Van
name: Welsh, Michael
name: Yu-An Yang
name: Stuelten, Christina
name: Binwu Tang
name: Wenjun Ju
name: Bottinger, Erwin
name: Lalage Wakefield
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Authorsâ original file for figure 6
Performance and Sustainability of Kudumbashree Neighbourhood Groups on Kerala: An Empirical Analysis
Creators: name: Praveen, K.V.
name: Suresh, A.
name: Praveen, K.V.
name: Suresh, A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Kudumbashree
subject: Sustainability
subject: Performance
subject: Logit model

description: Using data from the field survey and secondary sources, the study attempts to analyse the empowerment of women in Kerala through Kudumbashree. Kudumbashree is initiated by the Government of Kerala as the state poverty eradication mission in the year 1998. At present, more than 41 lakh women in Kerala have been brought under the umbrella of Kudumbashree, which accounts to about 23 per cent of the total female population of the state. Out of the total membership, highest share is constituted by the general category, followed by OBC, SC and ST respectively. Districts with greater share in linkage loan possess greater share in count of micro enterprises also. More than 61 thousand Joint Liability Groups practice collective farming in a total area of 35 thousand hectares. More than 66 per cent of the neighbourhood groups (NHGs) in the sample were involved only in micro-finance, and the rest undertook some other entrepreneurial activities. The younger section of the society participated more in the Kudumbashree activities. Among all the NHGs, more than 75 per cent had members among whom more than half lie below poverty line (BPL). More than 80 per cent of the NHGs avail credit from the banks and scheduled commercial/ nationalised banks which form the major source of credit. Logit regression analysis indicated that sustainability was positively and significantly affected by the share of BPL members in total members, per cent of members availing loan and the amount of loan outstanding per member.
MOESM7 of A novel approach for the generation of genetically modified mammary epithelial cell cultures yields new insights into TGFÎ˛ signaling in the mammary gland
Creators: name: Kohn, Ethan
name: Zhijun Du
name: Sato, Misako
name: Schyndle, Catherine Van
name: Welsh, Michael
name: Yu-An Yang
name: Stuelten, Christina
name: Binwu Tang
name: Wenjun Ju
name: Bottinger, Erwin
name: Lalage Wakefield
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Authorsâ original file for figure 7
Potential Welfare Benefit of Millets Improvement Research to Inform Decision Making: Multi country- Economic Surplus model approach
Creators: name: Nedumaran, S.
name: Bantilan, M.C.S.
name: Gupta, S.K.
name: Irshad, A.
name: Davis, J.S.
name: Nedumaran, S.
name: Bantilan, M.C.S.
name: Gupta, S.K.
name: Irshad, A.
name: Davis, J.S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Production Economics
subject: Priority Setting
subject: millets production domains
subject: spillover effects
subject: multi-country trade model
subject: economic surplus

description: In this paper a multi-regional international trade model using concepts of economic surplus and spillover effects is used to estimate the ex-ante measures of the relative economic benefits (accounting both direct and spillover benefits) to provide evidence for the research managers and policy makers in making judgment for prioritizing production domains for millets research focus and research resource allocation among regions and countries. The empirical results indicate that the highest expected benefits to millet research could be generated when research is focused on production domain of warm tropics dryland, 120-149 days but the high payoff production domains are different among regions. The contribution of spillover benefits to the total international benefits varies between 45 to 97% depending upon the research focus in different production domains. The analysis clearly brought out the insights to focus ICRISAT’s millet research to achieve maximum benefits to generate greater impacts and research investment decisions.
A missense variant in Mitochondrial Amidoxime Reducing Component 1 gene and protection against liver disease
Creators: name: Emdin, Connor A.
name: Haas, Mary E.
name: Khera, Amit V.
name: Aragam, Krishna
name: Chaffin, Mark
name: Klarin, Derek
name: Hindy, George
name: Jiang, Lan
name: Wei, Wei-Qi
name: Feng, Qiping
name: Karjalainen, Juha
name: Havulinna, Aki
name: Kiiskinen, Tuomo
name: Bick, Alexander
name: Ardissino, Diego
name: Wilson, James G.
name: Schunkert, Heribert
name: McPherson, Ruth
name: Watkins, Hugh
name: Elosua, Roberto
name: Bown, Matthew J.
name: Samani, Nilesh J.
name: Baber, Usman
name: Erdmann, Jeanette
name: Gupta, Namrata
name: Danesh, John
name: Saleheen, Danish
name: Chang, Kyong-Mi
name: Vujkovic, Marijana
name: Voight, Ben
name: Damrauer, Scott
name: Lynch, Julie
name: Kaplan, David
name: Serper, Marina
name: Tsao, Philip
name: Million Veteran Program
name: Mercader, Josep
name: Hanis, Craig
name: Daly, Mark
name: Denny, Joshua
name: Gabriel, Stacey
name: Kathiresan, Sekar
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Research Article
subject: Medicine and health sciences
subject: Biology and life sciences
subject: Social sciences
subject: FOS: Social sciences

description: Analyzing 12,361 all-cause cirrhosis cases and 790,095 controls from eight cohorts, we identify a common missense variant in the Mitochondrial Amidoxime Reducing Component 1 gene (MARC1 p.A165T) that associates with protection from all-cause cirrhosis (OR 0.91, p = 2.3*10−11). This same variant also associates with lower levels of hepatic fat on computed tomographic imaging and lower odds of physician-diagnosed fatty liver as well as lower blood levels of alanine transaminase (-0.025 SD, 3.7*10−43), alkaline phosphatase (-0.025 SD, 1.2*10−37), total cholesterol (-0.030 SD, p = 1.9*10−36) and LDL cholesterol (-0.027 SD, p = 5.1*10−30) levels. We identified a series of additional MARC1 alleles (low-frequency missense p.M187K and rare protein-truncating p.R200Ter) that also associated with lower cholesterol levels, liver enzyme levels and reduced risk of cirrhosis (0 cirrhosis cases for 238 R200Ter carriers versus 17,046 cases of cirrhosis among 759,027 non-carriers, p = 0.04) suggesting that deficiency of the MARC1 enzyme may lower blood cholesterol levels and protect against cirrhosis.
The Nuclear Scissors Mode in a Solvable Model
Creators: name: Balbutsev, E. B.
name: Schuck, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coupled dynamics of the scissors mode and the isovector giant quadrupole resonance is studied in a model with separable quadrupole-quadrupole residual interactions. The method of Wigner function moments is applied to derive the dynamical equations for angular momentum and quadrupole moment. Analytical expressions for energies, B(M1)- and B(E2)-values, sum rules and flow-patterns of both modes are found for arbitrary values of the deformation parameter. Some predictions for the case of superdeformation are given. The subtle nature of the phenomenon and its peculiarities are clarified.
description: 49 pages, 3 figures. We corrected the force constant which influenced mostly the results of the superdeformed region. Flow patterns are left without any changes
Superconductivity driven helical magnetic structure in EuRbFe$_4$As$_4$ ferromagnetic superconductor
Creators: name: Devizorova, Zh.
name: Buzdin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently the evidence of the helical magnetic structure modulated along $c$-axis with the period of four lattice parameters was obtained in easy $ab$ plane ferromagnetic superconductor EuRbFe$_4$As$_4$ [K. Iida et al., Phys. Rev. B 100, 014506 (2019)]. We argue that such structure may appear due to the presence of superconductivity. In spite of the very small value of the exchange field acting on the superconducting electrons in EuRbFe$_4$As$_4$, the exchange mechanism of interaction between superconductivity and ferromagnetism could dominate over the electromagnetic one and this circumstance could favor the emergence of the short-period magnetic structure (with the period less than the superconducting coherence length). Such a situation differs from one in the similar compound P-doped EuFe$_2$As$_2$, where the electromagnetic mechanism dominates and results in the magnetic structure with significantly larger period (of the order of London penetration depth). We also analyze the effect of the external magnetic field on the onset temperature of the modulated magnetic structure.
Pooling individual participant data from randomized controlled trials: Exploring potential loss of information
Creators: name: Van Wanrooij, Lennard L.
name: Hoevenaar-Blom, Marieke P.
name: Coley, Nicola
name: Ngandu, Tiia
name: Meiller, Yannick
name: Guillemont, Juliette
name: Rosenberg, Anna
name: Beishuizen, Cathrien R. L.
name: Moll Van Charante, Eric P.
name: Soininen, Hilkka
name: Brayne, Carol
name: Andrieu, Sandrine
name: Kivipelto, Miia
name: Richard, Edo
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Research Article
subject: Research and analysis methods
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Biology and life sciences
subject: Medicine and health sciences

description: Background: Pooling individual participant data to enable pooled analyses is often complicated by diversity in variables across available datasets. Therefore, recoding original variables is often necessary to build a pooled dataset. We aimed to quantify how much information is lost in this process and to what extent this jeopardizes validity of analyses results. Methods: Data were derived from a platform that was developed to pool data from three randomized controlled trials on the effect of treatment of cardiovascular risk factors on cognitive decline or dementia. We quantified loss of information using the R-squared of linear regression models with pooled variables as a function of their original variable(s). In case the R-squared was below 0.8, we additionally explored the potential impact of loss of information for future analyses. We did this second step by comparing whether the Beta coefficient of the predictor differed more than 10% when adding original or recoded variables as a confounder in a linear regression model. In a simulation we randomly sampled numbers, recoded those < = 1000 to 0 and those >1000 to 1 and varied the range of the continuous variable, the ratio of recoded zeroes to recoded ones, or both, and again extracted the R-squared from linear models to quantify information loss. Results: The R-squared was below 0.8 for 8 out of 91 recoded variables. In 4 cases this had a substantial impact on the regression models, particularly when a continuous variable was recoded into a discrete variable. Our simulation showed that the least information is lost when the ratio of recoded zeroes to ones is 1:1. Conclusions: Large, pooled datasets provide great opportunities, justifying the efforts for data harmonization. Still, caution is warranted when using recoded variables which variance is explained limitedly by their original variables as this may jeopardize the validity of study results.
title: Analysis of data collection and data evaluation for compliance with SDG 6
Creators: name: Huber, Laura
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2021

description: In 2016 the Sustainable Development Goals replaced the former Millennium Development Goals, building the new global agenda aiming for sustainable development at all three dimensions of sustainability by 2030. Within the set of global goals SDG 6 is devoted to development in the water and sanitation sector, including not only an improvement of access to drinking water and sanitation but also several other aspects, addressing the entire water cycle in a more comprehensive way as conducted by the MDGs. In order to monitor the development’s progress and thereby identify problems in implementation but also well-functioning approaches, new methodologies for monitoring the new SDG 6 indicators had to be developed. Currently, baseline reports on all indicators have been published, on the basis of which a first assessment of the current data availability can be made. The aim of this thesis is to provide an overview of the existing structures and methods for monitoring SDG 6 and to identify current challenges in monitoring as well as possible solutions. In addition, a comparison between the data collected for reporting to the Protocol on Water and Health and the data required for monitoring SDG 6 is conducted in order to find out whether common data use is sensible and already taking place. The analysis of the existing monitoring activities shows that the greatest challenges causing data gaps are associated with the novelty of most indicators as well as their complexity. There are no conceptual problems concerning the indicator’s methodologies but rather challenging conditions that complicate data collection. A key element in increasing data availability within the next years is national capacity-building since national data builds the basis for monitoring the global indicators. In addition, the extent of data sources can be expanded for example by aligning national and regional initiatives with the global goals, enabling common monitoring efforts and thereby reducing the countries’ reporting burden. In this context, the Protocol on Water and Health can potentially increase data availability in the pan-European region. The comparison of the SDG 6 indicators and the current reporting template of the Protocol indicates that there are already aspects that require very similar data. However, slight modifications could enhance these overlaps and facilitate the common use of national monitoring capacity and collected data. The comparison of current country reports and the latest JMP progress reports suggests that several Parties of the Protocol do not fully exploit this potential.
Drivers of bioenergy crop adoption: evidence from Ethiopia's castor bean contract farming
Creators: name: Negash, Martha
name: Negash, Martha
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Development
subject: adoption
subject: biofuels
subject: castor
subject: Ethiopia

description: Smallholder farmers in poor economies like Ethiopia dominate the agriculture sector. Energy crop supply for biofuel processing will likely depend on the adoption behavior of farmers. The drivers of energy crop adoption at household level are predicted to include access related factors, assets and household characteristics. Using data from castor outgrower scheme in Ethiopia and applying a double-hirdle model, we analyze adoption as a two-step decision process. The results show that higher price of maize (a major staple crop) is strongly associated with lower size of land allocation to castor. Contrary to the widely accepted notion, access indicator variables such as distance from village centers (where most decentralized public service centers are located) and number of visits by public extension agents do not influence the decision to adopt. But interestingly, conditional on positive participation, farmers who live furthest from the village centers tend to allocate bigger proportion of their land to the energy crop.
Adult chondrogenesis and spontaneous cartilage repair in the skate, Leucoraja erinacea
Creators: name: Marconi, Aleksandra
name: Hancock-Ronemus, Amy
name: Gillis, J Andrew
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Research Article
Developmental Biology
Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine
skate
Leucoraja erinacea
cartilage
skeleton
regeneration
progenitor
Other

description: Mammalian articular cartilage is an avascular tissue with poor capacity for spontaneous repair. Here, we show that embryonic development of cartilage in the skate (Leucoraja erinacea) mirrors that of mammals, with developing chondrocytes co-expressing genes encoding the transcription factors Sox5, Sox6 and Sox9. However, in skate, transcriptional features of developing cartilage persist into adulthood, both in peripheral chondrocytes and in cells of the fibrous perichondrium that ensheaths the skeleton. Using pulse-chase label retention experiments and multiplexed in situ hybridization, we identify a population of cycling Sox5/6/9+ perichondral progenitor cells that generate new cartilage during adult growth, and we show that persistence of chondrogenesis in adult skates correlates with ability to spontaneously repair cartilage injuries. Skates therefore offer a unique model for adult chondrogenesis and cartilage repair and may serve as inspiration for novel cell-based therapies for skeletal pathologies, such as osteoarthritis.
Fine-structure in the nonthermal X-ray emission of SNR RX J1713.7-3946 revealed by Chandra
Creators: name: Uchiyama, Y.
name: Aharonian, F. A.
name: Takahashi, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present morphological and spectroscopic studies of the northwest rim of the supernova remnant RX J1713.7-3946 based on observations by the Chandra X-ray observatory. We found a complex network of nonthermal (synchrotron) X-ray filaments, as well as a 'void' type structure -- a dim region of a circular shape -- in the northwest rim. It is remarkable that despite distinct brightness variations, the X-ray spectra everywhere in this region can be well fitted with a power-law model with photon index around 2.3. We briefly discuss some implications of these results and argue that the resolved X-ray features in the northwest rim may challenge the perceptions of standard (diffusive shock-acceleration) models concerning the production, propagation and radiation of relativistic particles in supernova remnants.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures; accepted for publication in A&A; significant additions for publication in Main journal (previous version was for A&A Letter); a manuscript (as a single PDF file, 501kb) including all figures is available at http://www.astro.isas.ac.jp/~uchiyama/publication/h4106.pdf
Japanagallia hamata Zhang & Li
Creators: name: C. A. Viraktamath
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Japanagallia
Japanagallia hamata

description: Japanagallia hamata Zhang & Li
 Japanagallia hamata Zhang and Li, 1999: 107–108, figs 1–6.
 Remarks. This speceis was not studied. However, the illustrations provided by Zhang and Li (1999) are adequate to determine the species. It resembles J. longipenis sp. nov. (see below) but differs in having long basal processes on the aedeagal shaft and greatly prolonged aedeagal shaft beyond the gonopore.
description: Published as part of C. A. Viraktamath, 2011, Revision of the Oriental and Australian Agalliini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Megophthalminae) 2844, pp. 1-118 in Zootaxa 2844 on page 84
Analysis of Price Transmission using a Nonparametric Error Correction Model with Time-Varying Cointegration
Creators: name: Rosales, Francisco
name: Von-Cramon, Stephan
name: Rosales, Francisco
name: Von-Cramon, Stephan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Production Economics
subject: price transmission
subject: non-parametric methods

description: Several authors have proposed using non-parametric methods to estimate price transmission rather than the currently popular piecewise linear or regimedependent methods. However, so far only the error correction mechanism has been estimated non-parametrically using local polynomial techniques. We propose a new method for estimating price transmission relationships that combines a nonparametric error correction model with time-varying cointegration. Two applications, to wheat price transmission between Ukraine and France, and to vertical transmission between piglet and slaughter pig prices, are presented to demonstrate the complex behaviour and insights that the proposed method can reveal.
Implicit multirate GARK methods
Creators: name: Roberts, Steven
name: Loffeld, John
name: Sarshar, Arash
name: Woodward, Carol S.
name: Sandu, Adrian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65L06, 65L20

description: This work considers multirate generalized-structure additively partitioned Runge-Kutta (MrGARK) methods for solving stiff systems of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with multiple time scales. These methods treat different partitions of the system with different timesteps for a more targeted and efficient solution compared to monolithic single rate approaches. With implicit methods used across all partitions, methods must find a balance between stability and the cost of solving nonlinear equations for the stages. In order to characterize this important trade-off, we explore multirate coupling strategies, problems for assessing linear stability, and techniques to efficiently implement Newton iterations for stage equations. Unlike much of the existing multirate stability analysis which is limited in scope to particular methods, we present general statements on stability and describe fundamental limitations for certain types of multirate schemes. New implicit multirate methods up to fourth order are derived, and their accuracy and efficiency properties are verified with numerical tests.
MOESM4 of A novel approach for the generation of genetically modified mammary epithelial cell cultures yields new insights into TGFÎ˛ signaling in the mammary gland
Creators: name: Kohn, Ethan
name: Zhijun Du
name: Sato, Misako
name: Schyndle, Catherine Van
name: Welsh, Michael
name: Yu-An Yang
name: Stuelten, Christina
name: Binwu Tang
name: Wenjun Ju
name: Bottinger, Erwin
name: Lalage Wakefield
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Authorsâ original file for figure 4
On Critical Exponents for Self-Similar Collapse
Creators: name: Antonelli, Riccardo
name: Hatefi, Ehsan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore systematically perturbations of self-similar solutions to the Einstein-axion-dilaton system, whose dynamics are invariant under spacetime dilations combined with internal $SL(2,R)$ transformations. The self-similar solutions capture the enticing behavior critical systems on the verge of gravitational collapse, in arbitrary spacetime dimensions. Our methods rest on a combination of analytical and numerical tools, apply to all three conjugacy classes of $SL(2,R)$ transformations and allow accurate estimates of the corresponding Choptuik exponents. It is well known that these exponents depend on the spacetime dimension and on the matter content. Our main result is that they also attain different values, even within a given conjugacy class, for the distinct types of critical solutions that we recently identified in the Einstein-axion-dilaton system.
description: V3: 29 pages, 4 figures and published version in JHEP
Klein tunneling degradation and enhanced Fabry-Pérot interference in graphene/h-BN moiré-superlattice devices
Creators: name: Tran, Viet-Anh
name: Nguyen, Viet-Hung
name: Charlier, Jean-Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hexagonal boron-nitride (h-BN) provides an ideal substrate for supporting graphene devices to achieve fascinating transport properties, such as Klein tunneling, electron optics and other novel quantum transport phenomena. However, depositing graphene on h-BN creates moiré superlattices, whose electronic properties can be significantly manipulated by controlling the lattice alignment between layers. In this work, the effects of these moiré structures on the transport properties of graphene are investigated using atomistic simulations. At large misalignment angles (leading to small moiré cells), the transport properties (most remarkably, Klein tunneling) of pristine graphene devices are conserved. On the other hand, in the nearly aligned cases, the moiré interaction induces stronger effects, significantly affecting electron transport in graphene. In particular, Klein tunneling is significantly degraded. In contrast, strong Fabry-Pérot interference (accordingly, strong quantum confinement) effects and non-linear I-V characteristics are observed. P-N interface smoothness engineering is also considered, suggesting as a potential way to improve these transport features in graphene/h-BN devices.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures, Supplementary materials
Graduated compression stockings as adjuvant to pharmaco-thromboprophylaxis in elective surgical patients (GAPS study): randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Shalhoub, Joseph
name: Lawton, Rebecca
name: Hudson, Jemma
name: Baker, Christopher
name: Bradbury, Andrew
name: Dhillon, Karen
name: Everington, Tamara
name: Gohel, Manjit S
name: Hamady, Zaed
name: Hunt, Beverley J
name: Stansby, Gerrard
name: Warwick, David
name: Norrie, John
name: Davies, Alun H
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Research

description: Abstract: Objectives: To investigate whether the use of graduated compression stockings (GCS) offers any adjuvant benefit when pharmaco-thromboprophylaxis is used for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis in patients undergoing elective surgery. Design: Open, multicentre, randomised, controlled, non-inferiority trial. Setting: Seven National Health Service tertiary hospitals in the United Kingdom. Participants: 1905 elective surgical inpatients (≥18 years) assessed as being at moderate or high risk of venous thromboembolism were eligible and consented to participate. Intervention: Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) pharmaco-thromboprophylaxis alone or LMWH pharmaco-thromboprophylaxis and GCS. Outcome measures: The primary outcome was imaging confirmed lower limb deep vein thrombosis with or without symptoms, or pulmonary embolism with symptoms within 90 days of surgery. Secondary outcome measures were quality of life, compliance with stockings and LMWH, lower limb complications related to GCS, bleeding complications, adverse reactions to LMWH, and all cause mortality. Results: Between May 2016 and January 2019, 1905 participants were randomised. 1858 were included in the intention to treat analysis (17 were identified as ineligible after randomisation and 30 did not undergo surgery). A primary outcome event occurred in 16 of 937 (1.7%) patients in the LMWH alone group compared with 13 of 921 (1.4%) in the LMWH and GCS group. The risk difference between the two groups was 0.30% (95% confidence interval −0.65% to 1.26%). Because the 95% confidence interval did not cross the non-inferiority margin of 3.5% (P<0.001 for non-inferiority), LMWH alone was confirmed to be non-inferior. Conclusions: For patients who have elective surgery and are at moderate or high risk of venous thromboembolism, administration of pharmaco-thromboprophylaxis alone is non-inferior to a combination of pharmaco-thromboprophylaxis and GCS. These findings indicate that GCS might be unnecessary in most patients undergoing elective surgery. Trial registration: ISRCTN13911492.