cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Lessico italiano
Creators: name: Aprile, Michele
name: Bizzarro, Rino
name: Caputo, Nunzia
name: Cutino, Nicola
name: De Santis, Gigi
name: Diomede, Sante
name: Eugeni, Anna Maria
name: Eugeni, Marisa
name: Giovine, Felice
name: Milzi, Annalisa
name: Milzi, Isabella
name: Ungaro, Rosa
name: Zambetta, Emanuele
name: Zonno, Rosaria
name: Robertson, Allegra
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: ita

description: I parlanti leggono una lista di parole quotidiane in italiano, scelte specificamente per analizzare la pronuncia delle consonanti geminate (doppi) rispetto a quelle singole (semplici).

The language consultants read a list of high-frequency words in Italian, chosen specifically to analyze the production of voiceless geminate stops, as compared to singleton stops.
Systematic Design of Transmission-type Polarization Converters Comprising Multi-layered Anisotropic Metasurfaces
Creators: name: Costa, Filippo
name: Borgese, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple but efficient approach for the synthesis of transmission-type wideband polarization converters is presented. The proposed configuration comprises multilayer metasurfaces including resonant particles which are progressively rotated layer by layer. The progressive rotation of the particles allows for a polarization conversion over a large frequency band. The polarizing structure is efficiently designed and optimized through a transmission line model approach handling the cascade of anisotropic impedance layers and dielectrics. An optimized 8-layers design based on gradually rotated dipole resonators is presented as a proof of concept. The results obtained through the efficient transmission line model are compared with full-wave simulations once that the structure was optimized showing satisfactory agreement. A prototype of the wideband polarization converter has been fabricated and measured.
description: Copyright \c{opyright} 2020 American Physical Society. All rights reserved
The Fossil Record of Animal Behavior and Cognition across the Phanerozoic
Creators: name: Shin-Nan (Shannon) Hsieh
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The way animals interact with physical and biotic environments is heavily mediated through their behavior. Behavior is in turn dependent on cognition – the ability to respond to and use information. The origins and evolution of cognition and behavior are of intense interest to biologists, but behavioral biology has only recently been integrated with paleontology. This thesis ties together several case studies in how the fossil record informs our understanding of animal behavior and cognition through the broad swath of its history. First, I examine the rise of cognitive complexity as viewed through nervous system and sensory system anatomy, and its associated behavioral sophistication beginning in the Cambrian. I also compare how cognitively complex Cambrian ecosystems were compared to later ones, as well as which life modes are most associated with cognitive complexity. Second, I survey the representation of animal behavior based on the paleontological literature, analyzing which major behavioral categories and which animal taxa are disproportionately overrepresented in the record. The theoretical reasons why they might be represented are also discussed. Next, I focus on a particular form of evidence for past behaviors left after the behavior-producers are no longer present – trace fossils, such as burrows and tracks. I review and discuss a specific type of behavior, farming in non-human organisms, viewed through the lens of trace fossils and their modern analogues. Lastly, I experimentally examine, using marine snails on an intertidal mudflat, if surface locomotion trails can be used as a reliable predictor of the population of trace-making animals that produced them.
Microbial Adhesion to a Nanoceramic Coated PMMA After the Use of Antimicrobial Denture Cleaner
Creators: name: Ginsburg, Shari
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess surface roughness and microbial colonization of nanoceramic coated PMMA after long-term exposure to denture cleaner. Methods: Seventy-two PMMA samples (5mm x 5mm x1mm) were fabricated and serially polished to P4000 grit. Forty-eight samples were subjected to Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD), and received either a nano-thin coating of TiO2 (N=24) or a mixed TiO2/ZrO2 coating (N=24). Surface roughness was tested for the different coatings. Samples were then soaked in Polident denture cleaner 180 times for 30 minutes and washed three times with deionized water between each soaking period. Control samples were exposed only to deionized water. All samples were sterilized and roughness testing was completed a second time. The samples were then coated with artificial saliva for 30 minutes, and exposed to C. albicans or S. mutans respectively for 6 hours. Adherent cells were rinsed off with PBS and sonication. Serial dilutions were prepared and C. albicans was plated on SDB agar and S. mutans was placed on BHI agar and both were incubated. The CFU’s were counted and converted to the logarithmic scale. Results: Results showed significantly less C. albicans and S. mutans attachment to both TiO2 coated PMMA and TiO2/ZrO2 coated PMMA than to the uncoated PMMA when samples were soaked in water. After soaking in Polident cleaner, the uncoated PMMA had significantly less viable C. albicans cells than coated samples, and TiO2/ZrO2 coated PMMA had significantly less C. albicans attachment than TiO2 coated samples. There was no significant difference in attachment of S. mutans between the uncoated PMMA or the TiO2 coated or the TiO2/ZrO2 coated PMMA after soaking in Polident cleaner. Conclusions: This study revealed that either TiO2 or TiO2/ZrO2 coating help limit PMMA surface roughening after long-term soaking of in chemical denture cleaner. Results suggest that PMMA coated with either TiO2 or TiO2/ZrO2 may be helpful in reducing the adhesion of S. mutans and C. albicans when there is no use of chemical denture cleaner. It was also suggested that TiO2/ZrO2 coating may be more efficacious at inhibiting microbial attachment. Further studies are needed that assess biofilm on nanoceramic coated PMMA after use with chemical denture cleaner.
Resolving period aliases for TESS monotransits recovered during the extended mission
Creators: name: Cooke, Benjamin F.
name: Pollacco, Don
name: Anderson, David R.
name: Bayliss, Daniel
name: Bouchy, François
name: Gill, Samuel
name: Grieves, Nolan
name: Lendl, Monika
name: Nielsen, Louise D.
name: Udry, Stéphane
name: Wheatley, Peter J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We set out to explore how best to mitigate the number of period aliases for a transiting TESS system with two identified transits separated by a large time period on the order of years. We simulate a realistic population of doubly transiting planets based on the observing strategy of the TESS primary and extended missions. We next simulate additional observations using photometry (NGTS) and spectroscopy (HARPS and CORALIE) and assess its impact on the period aliases of systems with two TESS transits. We find that TESS will detect around 400 exoplanets that exhibit one transit in each of the primary and extended missions. Based on the temporal coverage, each of these systems will have an average of 38 period aliases. We find that, assuming a combination of NGTS and CORALIE over observing campaigns spanning 50 days, we can find the true alias, and thus solve the period, for up to 207 of these systems with even more being solved if the observing campaigns are extended or we upgrade to HARPS over CORALIE.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Exploring the experiences of adoptees who have not searched for their birth relatives
Creators: name: Katz, Ilana Miryam
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This study explored the experiences of adult adoptees who have not searched for their biological relatives. The purpose of this study was to hear about the lived experiences of adoptees who have not searched and to explore the patterns and themes that arise through hearing these experiences. This study attempted to gain conceptual understanding of the relationship between adoptees' experiences in their adoptive families and communities and the decision not to search for birth relatives. This was an exploratory, qualitative study in which six adult women adoptees were interviewed using a semi-structured interview guide. The interviews were approximately forty-five minutes to one and a half hours long. The transcribed interview data was analyzed using the constant comparative method. Through exploring the experiences of adoptees who have not actively searched for their biological relatives (and whose experiences have not generally been voiced in the literature), this study provided further insight into the diversity of adoption experiences and has direct implication for adoption policy and practice with all members of the adoption system.
Artery-C -- An OMNeT++ Based Discrete Event Simulation Framework for Cellular V2X
Creators: name: Hegde, Anupama
name: Festag, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cellular Vehicle-to-X (Cellular V2X) is a communication technology that aims to facilitate the communication among vehicles and with the roadside infrastructure. Introduced with LTE Release 14, Cellular V2X enables device-to-device communication to support road safety and traffic efficiency applications. We present Artery-C, a simulation framework for the performance evaluation of Cellular V2X protocols and V2X applications. Our simulator relies on the simulation framework SimuLTE and substantially extends it by implementing control and user planes. Besides the vehicle-to-network communication via the up-/downlink interface, it provides vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-infrastructure communication via the sidelink interface using the managed and the unmanaged mode of Cellular V2X (mode 3 and 4, respectively). The simulator also implements advanced features of 5G mobile networks, such as variable numerologies. For the transmission of of V2X messages, it adds a non-IP interface. Artery-C integrates seamlessly into the simulation framework Artery, which enables the simulation of standardized V2X messages at the facilities layer as well as the coupling to the mobility simulator SUMO. A specific feature of Artery-C is the support of dynamic switching between all modes of Cellular V2X. In order to demonstrate the capabilities of Artery-C, we evaluate V2X-based platooning as a representative use case and present results for mode 3, mode 4 and mode switching in a highway scenario.
description: 12 pages
Giant tunnel magnetoresistance and high annealing stability in CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB magnetic tunnel junctions with synthetic pinned layer
Creators: name: Lee, Young Min
name: Hayakawa, Jun
name: Ikeda, Shoji
name: Matsukura, Fumihiro
name: Ohno, Hideo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the relationship between tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) ratio and the crystallization of CoFeB layers through annealing in magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) with MgO barriers that had CoFe/Ru/CoFeB synthetic ferrimagnet pinned layers with varying Ru spacer thickness (tRu). The TMR ratio increased with increasing annealing temperature (Ta) and tRu, reaching 361% at Ta = 425C, whereas the TMR ratio of the MTJs with pinned layers without Ru spacers decreased at Ta over 325C. Ruthenium spacers play an important role in forming an (001)-oriented bcc CoFeB pinned layer, resulting in a high TMR ratio through annealing at high temperatures.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Applied Physics Letters
Optical response of a dual membrane active-passive optomechanical cavity
Creators: name: Kundu, Akash
name: Jin, Chao
name: Peng, Jia-Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a dual membrane active-passive cavity where each mechanical membrane individually quadratically coupled to passive and active cavities via two-phonon process. Due to the fact that in the quadratically coupled optomechanical system mean-field approximation fails, hence to analyze the system completely, we switch to a more generalized out of equilibrium approach, namely Keldysh Green's functional approach. We calculate transmission rate using predetermined full retarded Green's function, and then numerically examine the effect of the various parameters on the transmission coefficient and discuss the features and physics behind them in detail. On the basis of the optical responsivity we further extend our study of fast and slow light phenomenon. The results show that our proposed system can not only realize ultra-fast light/ultra-slow light under proper choice of cavity parameters, but realization of the conversion between fast and slow light and vice versa.
Magnetic properties of poly(trimethylene terephthalate-block-poly(tetramethylene oxide) copolymer nanocomposites reinforced by graphene oxide-Fe3O4 hybrid nanoparticles
Creators: name: Szymczyk, Anna
name: Paszkiewicz, Sandra
name: Typek, Janusz
name: Špitalský, Zdenko
name: Janowska, Izabela
name: Żołnierkiewicz, Grzegorz
name: Guskos, Nikos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermoplastic elastomeric nanocomposites based on poly(trimethylene terephthalate-block-poly(tetramethylene oxide) copolymer (PTT-PTMO) and graphene oxide-Fe3O4 nanoparticle hybrid were prepared by in situ polymerization. Superparamagnetic GO-Fe3O4 hybrid nanoparticles before introducing to elastomeric matrix were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effect of loading (0.3 and 0.5 wt%) of GO-Fe3O4 nanoparticle hybrid on the phase structure, tensile and magnetic properties of synthesized nanocomposites was investigated. The phase structure of nanocomposites was evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA). Dispersion of GO-Fe3O4 nanoparticles in elastomeric matrix was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Magnetic properties of GO-Fe3O4 nanoparticle hybrid and nanocomposites with their content were characterized by using two different techniques: dc SQUID magnetization measurements as a function of temperature (from 2 to 300 K) and external magnetic field and ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) at microwave frequency.
Strategic Decisions in Agent-Based Freight Transportation Models: Methods and Data
Creators: name: Stinson, Monique Anne
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Freight transportation has significant impacts on energy, emissions, and the economy. High-fidelity, agent-based modeling tools, which accommodate the rich heterogeneity of the business environment, allow government agencies and researchers to study the impacts of freight transportation and its sensitivity to policies. However, no existing agent-based models address business strategy. This is a major gap, since strategy is well known to drive the behavior of firms as they make and align various decisions. With this in mind, my core thesis is that strategy unifies decisions that individual actors make, and that this consistency can be achieved in agent-based models through carefully constructed framework and model design. First, I present an innovative, theoretical foundation for freight transportation forecasting that uses firm strategy to unify agent behavior in upstream and downstream model components. I devise a novel mathematical system that jointly considers firm strategy and numerous strategic decisions using a Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) system, then extend the SUR model by introducing latent variables, which are strategies. I solve the system using Gibbs Sampling. My concept is proven by modeling Logistical Sophistication and Customer Service strategies jointly with eight strategic decisions that involve private fleet ownership and distribution center (DC) control. The strategies are shown to impact the strategic decisions, and the connection of firm strategy to downstream decisions are demonstrated. Furthermore, I develop two innovative methods to generate measurements of strategy using natural text, which is a complete gap in the literature. The Simple Scaled Bag-of-Words (SS-BOW) algorithm creates measurements of firm strategy based on relative frequency of word usage, while the word2vec-Principal Components Analysis (w2vPCA) algorithm creates measurements based on quantifying differences in word use. The concept is proven using large-scale text data, generated by my Attitudinal Data Development Engine (ADDE). A battery of evidence proves the value of the methods. The measurements are also input to the SUR model, which produces intuitive results. Finally, a global sustainability analysis, including a case study of automobile production strategy, demonstrates that modeling agent strategies is extremely relevant to predicting the impacts of business activity on transportation flows, energy use and emissions.
Non-invertible transformations and spatiotemporal randomness
Creators: name: Gonzalez, J. A.
name: Moreno, A. J.
name: Guerrero, L. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize the exact solution to the Bernoulli shift map. Under certain conditions, the generalized functions can produce unpredictable dynamics. We use the properties of the generalized functions to show that certain dynamical systems can generate random dynamics. For instance, the chaotic Chua's circuit coupled to a circuit with a non-invertible I-V characteristic can generate unpredictable dynamics. In general, a nonperiodic time-series with truncated exponential behavior can be converted into unpredictable dynamics using non-invertible transformations. Using a new theoretical framework for chaos and randomness, we investigate some classes of coupled map lattices. We show that, in some cases, these systems can produce completely unpredictable dynamics. In a similar fashion, we explain why some wellknown spatiotemporal systems have been found to produce very complex dynamics in numerical simulations. We discuss real physical systems that can generate random dynamics.
description: Accepted in International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos
Spin state crossover in Co3BO5
Creators: name: Kazak, N. V.
name: Platunov, M. S.
name: Knyazev, Yu. V.
name: Molokeev, M. S.
name: Gorev, M. V.
name: Ovchinnikov, S. G.
name: Pchelkina, Z. V.
name: Gapontsev, V. V.
name: Streltsov, S. V.
name: Bartolomé, J.
name: Arauzo, A.
name: Yumashev, V. V.
name: Gavrilkin, S. Yu.
name: Wilhelm, F.
name: Rogalev, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: F.1.1
subject: 82D40

description: The magnetic contribution of the Co3+ ions in Co3BO5 has been investigated using the Co (K-edge) XMCD, dc magnetic susceptibility, and heat capacity measurements. The crystal structure of Co3BO5 single crystal has been solved in detail at the T range 296-703 K. The results have been supplemented by the GGA+U calculations.
description: 38 pages, 15 figures
Lessico italiano
Creators: name: Bilotto, Luigi
name: Cotino, Sabrina
name: Greco, Aurelio
name: Greco, Giuseppe
name: Presta, Antonella
name: Primicerio, Silvana
name: Robertson, Allegra
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: ita

description: I parlanti leggono una lista di parole quotidiane in maranese, scelte specificamente per analizzare la pronuncia delle consonanti geminate (doppi) rispetto a quelle singole (semplici).

The language consultants read a list of high-frequency words in Maranese, chosen specifically to analyze the production of voiceless geminate stops, as compared to singleton stops.
A new red giant-based distance modulus of 13.3 Mpc to the Antennae galaxies and its consequences
Creators: name: Saviane, Ivo
name: Momany, Yazan
name: Da Costa, Gary S.
name: Rich, R. Michael
name: Hibbard, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Antennae galaxies are the closest example of an ongoing major galaxy merger, and thereby represent a unique laboratory for furthering the understanding of the formation of exotic objects (e.g., tidal dwarf galaxies, ultra-luminous X-ray sources, super-stellar clusters, etc). In a previous paper HST/WFPC2 observations were used to demonstrate that the Antennae system might be at a distance considerably less than that conventionally assumed in the literature. Here we report new, much deeper HST/ACS imaging that resolves the composite stellar populations, and most importantly, reveals a well-defined red giant branch. The tip of this red giant branch (TRGB) is unambiguously detected at Io(TRGB)=26.65 +/- 0.09 mag. Adopting the most recent calibration of the luminosity of the TRGB then yields a distance modulus for the Antennae of (m-M)o= 30.62 +/- 0.17 corresponding to a distance of 13.3 +/- 1.0 Mpc. This is consistent with our earlier result, once the different calibrations for the standard candle are considered. We briefly discuss the implications of this now well determined shorter distance.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in the ApJ
Noncommutative Coordinates Invariant under Rotations and Lorentz Transformations
Creators: name: Bander, Myron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamics with noncommutative coordinates invariant under three dimensional rotations or, if time is included, under Lorentz transformations is developed. These coordinates turn out to be the boost operators in SO(1,3) or in SO(2,3) respectively. The noncommutativity is governed by a mass parameter $M$. The principal results are: (i) a modification of the Heisenberg algebra for distances smaller than 1/M, (ii) a lower limit, 1/M, on the localizability of wave packets, (iii) discrete eigenvalues of coordinate operator in timelike directions, and (iv) an upper limit, $M$, on the mass for which free field equations have solutions. Possible restrictions on small black holes is discussed.
description: 14 pages; LaTex using JHEP3.cls
Diverse Roles of Lysin-Motif (LysM) Proteins in Mediating Plant-Microbe Interactions
Creators: name: Jinrong WAN
Publisher: name: Walailak University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Chitooligosaccharide, LysM, plant-microbe interaction, nodulation factor, P/MAMP

description: 8, 12, Walailak Journal of Science and Technology
Business negotiation in Vietnam : relationship development between North American and Vietnamese negotiators
Creators: name: Chanay-Savoyen, Frederic
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis studies some of the major factors affecting relationship development between Vietnamese and North American business people, including: the different status of foreigners, the economic needs of the Vietnamese, the unsettled environment, the different conception of working relationships and the importance of face. The focus of the empirical research is the relationship development between Vietnamese and North American negotiators. A review of the Vietnamese culture and the pertinent literature led to the formulation and thesis of three hypotheses with respect to: the most important issue for the Vietnamese negotiator, the type of relationship wanted by the Vietnamese negotiator, and the impact of status differential on the relationship. Two principal research methods were used to test these hypotheses. First, a questionnaire was distributed to business people attending business classes at the University of Economics of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Second, a series of interviews was conducted with Vietnamese and North American business people living and working in Vietnam. The findings confirm that the Vietnamese emphasize the development of good working relationships with their negotiating counterparts. It should be noted, however, that the concept of a good working relationship is conceived differently than in North America. The second hypothesis is partially supported by the data; the Vietnamese negotiators seem to attach more importance to the evaluation of the trust of their partners, rather than to competitive or cooperative objectives. This is because the Vietnamese negotiators want to make sure they will not be in a situation in which they might lose face. This appears to be the main relationship objective of the Vietnamese negotiators. No conclusive evidence has been found to endorse the third hypothesis. Although status differential affects the behavior of Vietnamese negotiators, it does not affect the way they develop relationships with their North American partners. Possibly, the special status of North American business people, and the similar basis of all business interactions, have led the Vietnamese to have specific relationship objectives when negotiating with North Americans, whatever their status might be.
Transformation Pathways of Silica under High Pressure
Creators: name: Huang, Liping
name: Durandurdu, Murat
name: Kieffer, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Concurrent molecular dynamics simulations and ab initio calculations show that densification of silica under pressure follows a ubiquitous two-stage mechanism. First, anions form a close-packed sub-lattice, governed by the strong repulsion between them. Next, cations redistribute onto the interstices. In cristobalite silica, the first stage is manifest by the formation of a metastable phase, which was observed experimentally a decade ago, but never indexed due to ambiguous diffraction patterns. Our simulations conclusively reveal its structure and its role in the densification of silica.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Quantisation of a Family of Phase Spaces
Creators: name: Wu, Siye
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81S10, 81Q70, 53D50

description: We explain that when quantising phase spaces with varying symplectic structures, the bundle of quantum Hilbert spaces over the parameter space has a natural unitary connection. We then focus on symplectic vector spaces and their fermionic counterparts. After reviewing how the quantum Hilbert space depends on physical parameters such as the Hamiltonian and unphysical parameters such as choices of polarisations, we study the connection, curvature and phases of the Hilbert space bundle when the phase space structure itself varies. We apply the results to the two-sphere family of symplectic structures on a hyper-Kähler vector space and to their fermionic analogue, and conclude with possible generalisations.
description: 8 pages in LaTeX2e
Design of vortex-based cavitation devices/reactors: influence of aspect ratio, number of inlets and shape
Creators: name: Gode, Amol
name: Madane, Ketan
name: RANADE, VIVEK
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Vortex-based hydrodynamic cavitation devices are being used in a wide range of applications. However, adequate information on the design of such devices is not available. In this work, we have computationally investigated the influence of key design parameters such as the aspect ratio of the vortex chamber, the number of tangential inlets and the shape of the device on resulting flow characteristics and cavitation. Experiments were carried out to validate key findings from the computational studies. These investigations revealed that the aspect ratio of the vortex chamber as six may be considered as optimum. The performance of single and multiple inlet devices was found to be comparable at the same pressure drop (that is at same energy consumption per m3 ). Scale-up with a geometric similarity led to a reduction in the extent of cavitation for same energy consumption per m3 . For facilitating scale-out option, an attempt was made to simplify the configuration of the vortex-based cavitation device. Computational results indicated that the cavitation performance of simplified configuration was not significantly inferior. A case of the formation of liquid–liquid emulsion was taken as a test case for evaluation of a modified cavitation device based on the present investigations. The droplet size distributions of emulsions generated by both the devices indicate that the proposed simplified configuration, which may facil?itate fabrication and offer integrated scale-out options, performs almost at par with a complex configuration. The presented results will be useful for optimising designs of vortex-based hydrodynamic cavitation devices/ reactors.
From static to evolving geometries -- R-charged hydrodynamics from supergravity
Creators: name: Bak, Dongsu
name: Janik, Romuald A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that one can obtain asymptotic evolving boost-invariant geometries in a simple manner from the corresponding static solutions. We exhibit the procedure in the case of a supergravity dual of R-charged hydrodynamics by turning on a supergravity gauge field and analyze the relevant thermodynamics. Finally we consider turning on the dilaton and show that electric and magnetic modes in the plasma equilibrate before reaching asymptotic proper times.
description: 15 pages, no figures
Minimum detection efficiency for a loophole-free atom-photon Bell experiment
Creators: name: Cabello, Adan
name: Larsson, Jan-Åke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In Bell experiments, one problem is to achieve high enough photodetection to ensure that there is no possibility of describing the results via a local hidden-variable model. Using the Clauser-Horne inequality and a two-photon non-maximally entangled state, a photodetection efficiency higher than 0.67 is necessary. Here we discuss atom-photon Bell experiments. We show that, assuming perfect detection efficiency of the atom, it is possible to perform a loophole-free atom-photon Bell experiment whenever the photodetection efficiency exceeds 0.50.
description: REVTeX4, 4 pages, 1 figure
Dynamically inflated wind models of classical Wolf-Rayet stars
Creators: name: Poniatowski, L. G.
name: Sundqvist, J. O.
name: Kee, N. D.
name: Owocki, S. P.
name: Marchant, P.
name: Decin, L.
name: de Koter, A.
name: Mahy, L.
name: Sana, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vigorous mass loss in the classical Wolf-Rayet (WR) phase is important for the late evolution and final fate of massive stars. We develop spherically symmetric time-dependent and steady-state hydrodynamical models of the radiation-driven wind outflows and associated mass loss from classical WR stars. The simulations are based on combining the opacities typically used in static stellar structure and evolution models with a simple parametrised form for the enhanced line-opacity expected within a supersonic outflow. Our simulations reveal high mass-loss rates initiated in deep and hot optically thick layers around T\approx 200kK. The resulting velocity structure is non-monotonic and can be separated into three phases: i) an initial acceleration to supersonic speeds ii) stagnation and even deceleration, and iii) an outer region of rapid re-acceleration. The characteristic structures seen in converged steady-state simulations agree well with the outflow properties of our time-dependent models. By directly comparing our dynamic simulations to corresponding hydrostatic models, we demonstrate explicitly that the need to invoke extra energy transport in convectively inefficient regions of stellar structure and evolution models is merely an artefact of enforcing a hydrostatic outer boundary. Moreover, the "dynamically inflated" inner regions of our simulations provide a natural explanation for the often-found mismatch between predicted hydrostatic WR radii and those inferred from spectroscopy. Finally, we contrast our simulations with alternative recent WR wind models based on co-moving frame radiative transfer for computing the radiation force. Since CMF transfer currently cannot handle non-monotonic velocity fields, the characteristic deceleration regions found here are avoided in such simulations by invoking an ad-hoc very high degree of clumping.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures
Abnormal Glucose Tolerance and Pregnancy Outcomes in Women Without Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes
Creators: name: Jones, Tiffany Nicole
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Objective: Maternal hyperglycemia and untreated gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) lead to adverse perinatal outcomes. There is paucity of information in pregnant women with impaired glucose tolerance without gestational diabetes. This study aims to determine whether there are adverse perinatal outcomes amongst groups of women who rule in for abnormal glucose tolerance, but ultimately pass the diagnostic test, compared to women who have normal glucose tolerance and women with the diagnosis of GDM. Study Design: Retrospective cohort study of pregnant women who had a diabetic screening from January 2015 to April 2018 at the University of Illinois at Chicago (UIC). Singleton pregnancies that delivered at UIC were classified into 4 groups: normal 1h GCT (Group 1), abnormal 1h GCT only (Group 2), one elevated value on 3h GTT (Group 3), and GDM (Group 4). The primary outcome was LGA, with several adverse clinical outcomes as secondary outcome. Baseline characteristics and pregnancy outcomes of the four groups were compared. Chi square, Fisher exact test, one-way ANOVA and Student’s t-test were used. Bivariate and multivariate analysis were performed and the World Health Organization birth weight chart for LGA was used to assess gender-based fetal LGA. Result: Of the 6825 deliveries during the study period, 789 women met inclusion criteria. There were 206 women with abnormal 1h GCT only, 147 with one elevated value on 3h OGTT, 245 had normal 1h GCT and 191 diagnosed with GDM. The Group 4 (GDM) patients were significantly older, had a higher BMI, and had lower pregnancy weight gain (p value <0.001, <0.001, and 0.001 respectively). Race/ethnicity, presence of chronic hypertension (cHTN) and presence of asthma differed significantly between the four groups (p value: <0.001, 0.001, and 0.024, respectively). The mean 1h GCT for each group increased in a dose-dependent manner and was statistically different between Group 1, Group 2, Group 3, and Group 4 (104.8  17.0 mg/dl, 151.5  19.5 mg/dl, 158.1  15.0 mg/dl, and 165.6  20.8 mg/dl, respectively). A statistically significant, progressive trend was identified in risk of LGA for Group 2, Group 3, and Group 4 when compared to Group 1 as reference [RR of 3.93 (95% CI 1.05-14.64), 4.40 (95% CI 1.12-17.2), 6.24 (95% CI 1.70-22.94), respectively]. For every degree of increase in severity of glucose intolerance from Group 1 to Group 4, the neonatal birthweight increased by 38.23g (95% CI 3.28-73.18, p < 0.05). No differences existed in perinatal outcomes between Group 3 and Group 4. Conclusion: Patients with positive screen on 1h GCT, and with zero or only one elevated value on the 3h OGTT can similar adverse pregnancy outcomes as those with GDM. Our study shows that these screening results reflect a spectrum of glucose intolerance and these patients may require closer surveillance to improve pregnancy outcomes.
Conservation rules, their breakdown, and optimality in Caenorhabditis sinusoidal locomotion
Creators: name: Karbowski, Jan
name: Cronin, Christopher J.
name: Seah, Adeline
name: Mendel, Jane E.
name: Cleary, Daniel
name: Sternberg, Paul W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Undulatory locomotion is common to nematodes as well as to limbless vertebrates, but its control is not understood in spite of the identification of hundred of genes involved in Caenorhabditis elegans locomotion. To reveal the mechanisms of nematode undulatory locomotion, we quantitatively analyzed the movement of C. elegans with genetic perturbations to neurons, muscles, and skeleton (cuticle). We also compared locomotion of different Caenorhabditis species. We constructed a theoretical model that combines mechanics and biophysics, and that is constrained by the observations of propulsion and muscular velocities, as well as wavelength and amplitude of undulations. We find that normalized wavelength is a conserved quantity among wild-type C. elegans individuals, across mutants, and across different species. The velocity of forward propulsion scales linearly with the velocity of the muscular wave and the corresponding slope is also a conserved quantity and almost optimal; the exceptions are in some mutants affecting cuticle structure. In theoretical terms, the optimality of the slope is equivalent to the exact balance between muscular and visco-elastic body reaction bending moments. We find that the amplitude and frequency of undulations are inversely correlated and provide a theoretical explanation for this fact. These experimental results are valid both for young adults and for all larval stages of wild type C. elegans. In particular, during development, the amplitude scales linearly with the wavelength, consistent with our theory. We also investigated the influence of substrate firmness on motion parameters, and found that it does not affect the above invariants. In general, our biomechanical model can explain the observed robustness of the mechanisms controlling nematode undulatory locomotion.
description: Journal of Theoretical Biology, in press
Scheme for remote implementation of partially unknown quantum operation of two qubits in cavity QED
Creators: name: Qiu, Liang
name: Wang, An Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By constructing the recovery operations of the protocol of remote implementation of partially unknown quantum operation of two qubits [An Min Wang: PRA, \textbf{74}, 032317(2006)], we present a scheme to implement it in cavity QED. Long-lived Rydberg atoms are used as qubits, and the interaction between the atoms and the field of cavity is a nonresonant one. Finally, we analyze the experimental feasibility of this scheme.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
Impact of Guided Inquiry with Simulations on Knowledge of Electricity and Wave Phenomena
Creators: name: Espinoza, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The impact of inquiry-based instruction on the improvement of content knowledge of electricity and wave properties in two studies was the subject of this investigation. Groups of pre-college and undergraduate students performed a series of tasks designed to determine the effectiveness of exploratory/investigative approaches to the study of wave properties in fostering content retention and conceptual change, as well as in comparison with traditionally performed experimental activities. The results show that a guided inquiry-based method using simulations significantly improves content performance on electricity and wave motion, although not in optics; in particular, it helps students to visualize charge exchanges and electric neutrality, the shape of electric fields, types of waves and their characteristics, and the effects of the transmitting medium on the speed of a wave. Additionally, its exploratory nature is superior to the confirmatory laboratory experience, both in content retention and in facilitating the incorporation of perceptual features that help learners deal with documented challenging properties of waves.
Age Sequence in Small Clusters Associated with Bright-Rimmed Clouds
Creators: name: Ogura, Katsuo
name: Chauhan, Neelam
name: Pandey, Anil K.
name: Bhatt, Bhuwan C.
name: Ojha, Devendra
name: Itoh, Yoichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bright-rimmed clouds (BRCs) found in H II regions are probable sites of triggered star formation due to compression by ionization/shock fronts, and it is hypothesized that star formation proceeds from the exciting star(s) side outward of the HII region ("small-scale sequential star formation"). In order to quantitatively testify this hypothesis we undertook BVIc photometry of four BRC aggregates. The amounts of interstellar extinction and reddening for each star have been estimated by using the JHKs photometry. Then we constructed reddening-corrected V/V-Ic color-magnitude diagrams, where the age of each star has been derived. All the stars turned out to be a few tenths to a few Myr old. Although the scatters are large and the numbers of the sample stars are small, we found a clear trend that the stars inside or in the immediate vicinity of the bright rim are younger than those outside it in all the four aggregates, confirming the hypothesis in question.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures; accepted for publication in PASJ
Lessico maranese
Creators: name: Bilotto, Luigi
name: Castiglia, Ada
name: Cotino, Roberto
name: Cotino, Sabrina
name: Greco, Aurelio
name: Greco, Giuseppe
name: Presta, Antonella
name: Primicerio, Silvana
name: Robertson, Allegra
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: Calabrese language
Maranese language

description: I parlanti leggono una lista di parole quotidiane in maranese, scelte specificamente per analizzare la pronuncia delle consonanti geminate (doppi) rispetto a quelle singole (semplici).

The language consultants read a list of high-frequency words in Maranese, chosen specifically to analyze the production of voiceless geminate stops, as compared to singleton stops.
Isospin symmetry breaking of K and K* mesons
Creators: name: Chen, Hua-Xing
name: Hosaka, Atsushi
name: Zhu, Shi-Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the method of QCD sum rules to investigate the isospin symmetry breaking of K and K* mesons. The electromagnetic effect, difference between up and down current-quark masses and difference between up and down quark condensates are important. We perform sum rule analyses of their masses and decay constant differences, which are consistent with experimental values. Our results yield Delta f_K = f_{K^0} - f_{K^\pm} = 1.5 MeV.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, one reference added
Robust Fermi-Surface Morphology of CeRhIn$_5$ across the Putative Field-Induced Quantum Critical Point
Creators: name: Mishra, S.
name: Hornung, J.
name: Raba, M.
name: Klotz, J.
name: Förster, T.
name: Harima, H.
name: Aoki, D.
name: Wosnitza, J.
name: McCollam, A.
name: Sheikin, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a comprehensive de Haas--van Alphen (dHvA) study of the heavy-fermion material CeRhIn$_5$ in magnetic fields up to 70~T. Several dHvA frequencies gradually emerge at high fields as a result of magnetic breakdown. Among them is the thermodynamically important $β_1$ branch, which has not been observed so far. Comparison of our angule-dependent dHvA spectra with those of the non-$4f$ compound LaRhIn$_5$ and with band-structure calculations evidences that the Ce $4f$ electrons in CeRhIn$_5$ remain localized over the whole field range. This rules out any significant Fermi-surface reconstruction, either at the suggested nematic phase transition at $B^{*}\approx$ 30~T or at the putative quantum critical point at $B_c \simeq$ 50~T. Our results rather demonstrate the robustness of the Fermi surface and the localized nature of the 4$f$ electrons inside and outside of the antiferromagnetic phase.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures + Supplemental Material (5 pages, 10 figures)
Simple Scheme for Gauge Mediation
Creators: name: Murayama, Hitoshi
name: Nomura, Yasunori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple scheme for constructing models that achieve successful gauge mediation of supersymmetry breaking. In addition to our previous work [1] that proposed drastically simplified models using metastable vacua of supersymmetry breaking in vector-like theories, we show there are many other successful models using various types of supersymmetry breaking mechanisms that rely on enhanced low-energy U(1)_R symmetries. In models where supersymmetry is broken by elementary singlets, one needs to assume U(1)_R violating effects are accidentally small, while in models where composite fields break supersymmetry, emergence of approximate low-energy U(1)_R symmetries can be understood simply on dimensional grounds. Even though the scheme still requires somewhat small parameters to sufficiently suppress gravity mediation, we discuss their possible origins due to dimensional transmutation. The scheme accommodates a wide range of the gravitino mass to avoid cosmological problems.
description: 13 pages
Scaling in internally heated convection: a unifying theory
Creators: name: Wang, Qi
name: Lohse, Detlef
name: Shishkina, Olga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We offer a unifying theory for turbulent purely internally heated convection, generalizing the unifying theories of Grossmann and Lohse (2000, 2001) for Rayleigh--Bénard turbulence and of Shishkina, Grossmann and Lohse (2016) for turbulent horizontal convection, which are both based on the splitting of the kinetic and thermal dissipation rates in respective boundary and bulk contributions. We obtain the mean temperature of the system and the Reynolds number (which are the response parameters) as function of the control parameters, namely the internal thermal driving strength (called, when nondimensionalized, the Rayleigh--Roberts number) and the Prandtl number. The results of the theory are consistent with our direct numerical simulations.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures