cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Chemical pressure effects on structural, dielectric and magnetic properties of solid solutions Mn3-xCoxTeO6
Creators: name: Ivanov, S. A.
name: Mathieu, R.
name: Nordblad, P.
name: Ritter, C.
name: Tellgren, R.
name: Golubko, N.
name: Mosunov, A.
name: Politova, E. D.
name: Weil, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of Co2+ doping on the structural, magnetic and dielectric properties of the multiferroic frustrated antiferromagnet Mn3TeO6 have been investigated. Ceramic samples of the solid solution series Mn3-xCoxTeO6 were prepared by a solid-state reaction route. X-ray and neutron powder diffraction and electron microscopy techniques were combined with calorimetric, dielectric and magnetic measurements to investigate the dependence of the crystal structure and physical properties on temperature and composition. It is shown that the compounds with x up to 2.4 all adopt the trigonal corundum-related structure of pure Mn3TeO6 (space group R-3) in the temperature range 5-295 K and that the lattice parameters a and c and the unit-cell volume V decrease linearly with increasing Co2+ concentration. The low- temperature magnetic susceptibility and heat capacity data evidence the antiferromagnetic ordering of all samples. The Neel temperature linearly increases with Co2+ concentration x. Curie-Weiss fits of the high temperature susceptibility indicate that the magnetic frustration decreases with x. The derived magnetic structure of Mn3TeO6 can be described as an incommensurately modulated magnetic spin state with k = [0, 0, kz] and an elliptical spin- spiral order of spins within the chains of MnO6 octahedra. With increasing Co2+ concentration the propagation vector kz changes from 0.453 (x = 0) to 0.516 (x = 2.4). The magnetic anisotropy changes as well, leading to a reorientation of the spiral-basal plane. A possible coexistence of long-range order of electrical dipoles and magnetic moments in Mn3-xCoxTeO6 is discussed.
description: 30 pages, 13 figures
Biohybrid active matter -- the emergent properties of cell-mediated microtransport
Creators: name: Lepro, Valentino
name: Großmann, Robert
name: Nagel, Oliver
name: Panah, Setareh Sharifi
name: Klumpp, Stefan
name: Lipowsky, Reinhard
name: Beta, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As society paves its way towards device miniaturization and precision medicine, micro-scale actuation and guided transport become increasingly prominent research fields with high impact in both technological and clinical contexts. In order to accomplish directed motion of micron-sized objects towards specific target sites, active biohybrid transport systems, such as motile living cells that act as smart biochemically-powered micro-carriers, have been suggested as an alternative to synthetic micro-robots. Inspired by the motility of leukocytes, we propose the amoeboid crawling of eukaryotic cells as a promising mechanism for transport of micron-sized cargoes and present an in-depth study of this novel type of composite active matter. Its transport properties result from the interactions of an active element (cell) and a passive one (cargo) and reveal an optimal cargo size that enhances the locomotion of the load-carrying cells, even exceeding their motility in the absence of cargo. The experimental findings are rationalized in terms of a biohybrid active matter theory that explains the emergent cell-cargo dynamics and enables us to derive the long-time transport properties of amoeboid micro-carries. As amoeboid locomotion is commonly observed for mammalian cells such as leukocytes, our results lay the foundations for the study of transport performance of other medically relevant cell types and for extending our findings to more advanced transport tasks in complex environments, such as tissues.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
"Jesus Christus spricht: 'Ich aber habe für dich gebeten, daß dein Glaube nicht aufhöre. Und wenn du dereinst dich bekehrst, so stärke deine Brüder.'" (Lukas 22,32)
Creators: name: Volný, Vladislav
Publisher: name: Lutherische Kirche in der Welt
Year: 1970

description: Lutherische Kirche in der Welt, Bd. 52 (2005): Lutherische Kirche in der Welt, Band 52
Proceedings 1st Workshop on Advances in Systems of Systems
Creators: name: Larsen, Kim G.
name: Legay, Axel
name: Nyman, Ulrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This volume contains the proceedings of the first workshop on Advances in Systems of Systems (AISOS'13), held in Roma, Italy, March 16. System-of-Systems describes the large scale integration of many independent self-contained systems to satisfy global needs or multi-system requests. Examples are smart grid, intelligent buildings, smart cities, transport systems, etc. There is a need for new modeling formalisms, analysis methods and tools to help make trade-off decisions during design and evolution avoiding leading to sub-optimal design and rework during integration and in service. The workshop should focus on the modeling and analysis of System of Systems. AISOS'13 aims to gather people from different communities in order to encourage exchange of methods and views.
Pulsations of rapidly rotating stars with compositional discontinuities
Creators: name: Reese, Daniel R.
name: Lara, Francisco Espinosa
name: Rieutord, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations of rapidly rotating stars have revealed the presence of regular patterns in their pulsation spectra. This has raised the question as to their physical origin, and in particular, whether they can be explained by an asymptotic frequency formula for low-degree acoustic modes, as recently discovered through numerical calculations and theoretical considerations. In this context, a key question is whether compositional/density gradients can adversely affect such patterns to the point of hindering their identification. To answer this question, we calculate frequency spectra using two-dimensional ESTER stellar models. These models use a multi-domain spectral approach, allowing us to easily insert a compositional discontinuity while retaining a high numerical accuracy. We analyse the effects of such discontinuities on both the frequencies and eigenfunctions of pulsation modes in the asymptotic regime. We find that although there is more scatter around the asymptotic frequency formula, the semi-large frequency separation can still be clearly identified in a spectrum of low-degree acoustic modes.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, proceedings of the IAU Symposium 301, Precision Asteroseismology, August 2013, Wroclaw, Poland
title: Vertrauliches Billet einer Frankfurter Schönen an ein Mitglied des deutschen Parlaments; [1848]
title: Herr Abgeorneter! Ist Deutschland immer noch in guter Hoffnung? Sie mein Herr, müssen darüber Aufklärung geben können. Dir vielversprochenen Märzerrungenschaften, die Einheitsbetrebungen, die hiesige Volksvertretung, die patriotischen Hoffnungen ...
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Runkelmeier, Mathilde
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Kopftitel
From single to collective motion of social amoebae: a computational study of interacting cells
Creators: name: Moreno, Eduardo
name: Großmann, Robert
name: Beta, Carsten
name: Alonso, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coupling of the internal mechanisms of cell polarization to cell shape deformations and subsequent cell crawling poses many interdisciplinary scientific challenges. Several mathematical approaches have been proposed to model the coupling of both processes, where one of the most successful methods relies on a phase field that encodes the morphology of the cell, together with the integration of partial differential equations that account for the polarization mechanism inside the cell domain as defined by the phase field. This approach has been previously employed to model the motion of single cells of the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum, a widely used model organism to study actin-driven motility and chemotaxis of eukaryotic cells. Besides single cell motility, Dictyostelium discoideum is also well-known for its collective behavior. Here, we extend the previously introduced model for single cell motility to describe the collective motion of large populations of interacting amoebae by including repulsive interactions between the cells. We performed numerical simulations of this model, first characterizing the motion of single cells in terms of their polarity and velocity vectors. We then systematically studied the collisions between two cells that provided the basic interaction scenarios also observed in larger ensembles of interacting amoebae. Finally, the relevance of the cell density was analyzed, revealing a systematic decrease of the motility with density, associated with the formation of transient cell clusters that emerge in this system. This model is a prototypical active matter system for the investigation of the emergent collective dynamics of deformable, self-driven cells with a highly complex, nonlinear coupling of cell shape deformations, self-propulsion and repulsive cell-cell interactions.
description: 25 pages, 12 Figures and 1 Table
Surface critical exponents at a discontinuous bulk transition
Creators: name: Li, Linjun
name: Pleimling, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Systems with a bulk first-order transition can display diverging correlation lengths close to a surface. This surface induced disordering yields a special type of surface criticality. Using extensive numerical simulations we study surface quantities in the two-dimensional Potts model with a large number of states $q$ which undergoes a discontinuous bulk transition. The surface critical exponents are thereby found to depend on the value of $q$, which is in contrast to prior claims that these exponents should be universal and independent of $q$. It follows that surface induced disordering at first-order transitions is characterized by exponents that depend on the details of the model.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Physical Review B
Lameness recovery rates following treatment of dairy cattle with claw horn lameness in the Waikato region of New Zealand
Creators: name: Mason, W
name: Laven, LJ
name: Cooper, M
name: Laven, RA
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: To describe the time in days for lame dairy cows to recover after diagnosis and treatment of claw horn lameness, and to investigate whether cure rates differed between farms. Five dairy farms in the Waikato region were conveniently enrolled into a descriptive epidemiological study. Three of these farms had dairy cattle enrolled over two consecutive seasons, while two farms enrolled for one year. Lame cattle diagnosed by the farmers were enrolled into the study if they had a lameness score (LS ≥ 2 on a 0–3 scale) and claw horn lesions. All enrolled animals were treated by a single veterinarian following a consistent methodology, and subsequently assessed for LS at a median frequency of 4 days from enrolment until they were sound (LS = 0). The times (days) taken for animals to become sound and non-lame (LS < 2) were reported for all animals, and Kaplan–Meier survival curves used to present the results. A Cox-proportional hazard model was used to assess if the hazard of soundness was associated with farm, age, breed, lesion, number of limbs involved, and LS at enrolment. A total of 241 lame cattle with claw horn lesions were enrolled across the five farms. White line disease was the predominant pain-causing lesion in 225 (93%) animals, and blocks were applied to 205 (85%) of enrolled animals. The overall median days from enrolment to becoming sound was 18 (95% CI = 14–21) days, and 7 (95% CI = 7–8) days to become non-lame. A difference in the hazards of lameness cure between farms was identified (p = 0.007), with median days to lameness cure between farms ranging from 11 to 21 days. No associations were identified between age, breed, limb, or LS at enrolment on the lameness cure rates. Treatment of claw horn lameness following industry-standard guidelines in dairy cattle on five New Zealand dairy farms resulted in rapid cure, although cure rates differed between farms. Following industry best-practice lameness treatment guidelines, including frequent use of blocks, can result in rapid lameness cure rates in New Zealand dairy cows. This study also suggests that management of lame cattle on pasture can positively benefit their welfare and recovery times. The reported cure rates provide veterinarians with benchmarks on the length of time after which a lame animal should be re-examined, and in the investigation of poor treatment response rates at the herd level.
Racialized Housing Policy and Mixed Race Identification: A Study of Chicago’s Legacy of Housing Segregation
Creators: name: Gerdes, Nina
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: mixed race identification
subject: Chicago housing policy
subject: race and racism

description: The politics surrounding Chicago’s history with housing segregation provides a stark example of targeted and long-lasting racial discrimination in the United States, which would lend itself to an analysis of this sort. While the effects of redlining and housing segregation has been well documented on the level of monoracial groups, the effect of these policies on the current demographic breakdown of the city and where mixed race individuals fall in regards to the issue remains unclear. The concept of mixed race individuals is not a phenomenon exclusive to the new millennium. However, the sheer number of Americans with mixed race backgrounds has increased since the middle of the 20th century. This raises questions of where mixed race individuals stand in regards to racialized issues. Do mixed race people feel as though these issues are less likely to affect them than their mono-racial peers and as such are they able to perhaps transcend traditional racial relations as some have hoped or have the ethnic backgrounds of these individuals not had any more meaning than those of the generations before them? Specifically, I am curious to examine the relationship between Chicago’s legacy of housing segregation and mixed race residents today.
Classification of Consistent Systems of Handlebody Group Representations
Creators: name: Müller, Lukas
name: Woike, Lukas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The classifying spaces of handlebody groups form a modular operad. Algebras over the handlebody operad yield systems of representations of handlebody groups that are compatible with gluing. We prove that algebras over the modular operad of handlebodies with values in an arbitrary symmetric monoidal bicategory $\mathcal{M}$ (we introduce for these the name ansular functor) are equivalent to self-dual balanced braided algebras in $\mathcal{M}$. After specialization to a linear framework, this proves that consistent systems of handlebody group representations on finite-dimensional vector spaces are equivalent to ribbon Grothendieck-Verdier categories in the sense of Boyarchenko-Drinfeld. Additionally, it produces a concrete formula for the vector space assigned to an arbitrary handlebody in terms of a generalization of Lyubashenko's coend. Our main result can be used to obtain an ansular functor from vertex operator algebras subject to mild finiteness conditions. This includes examples of vertex operator algebras whose representation category has a non-exact monoidal product.
description: 27 pages, 3 figures; v3: some changes throughout, mostly additional explanations in response to reports
Lifting geometric objects to the dual of the first jet bundle of a bundle fibred over R
Creators: name: Sarlet, Willy
name: Waeyaert, Goedele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53D17, 58A32, 70H05

description: We study natural lifting operations from a bundle E over R to the dual bundle of its first-jet bundle. The main purpose is to define a complete lift of a type (1,1) tensor field on E and to understand all features of its construction. Various other lifting operations of tensorial objects on E are needed for that purpose. We prove that the complete lift of a type (1,1) tensor with vanishing Nijenhuis torsion gives rise to a Poisson-Nijenhuis structure on the dual of the first-jet bundle, and discuss in detail how the construction of associated Darboux-Nijenhuis coordinates can be carried out.
On Data Augmentation for Models Involving Reciprocal Gamma Functions
Creators: name: Hamura, Yasuyuki
name: Irie, Kaoru
name: Sugasawa, Shonosuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we introduce a new and efficient data augmentation approach to the posterior inference of the models with shape parameters when the reciprocal gamma function appears in full conditional densities. Our approach is to approximate full conditional densities of shape parameters by using Gauss's multiplication formula and Stirling's formula for the gamma function, where the approximation error can be made arbitrarily small. We use the techniques to construct efficient Gibbs and Metropolis-Hastings algorithms for a variety of models that involve the gamma distribution, Student's $t$-distribution, the Dirichlet distribution, the negative binomial distribution, and the Wishart distribution. The proposed sampling method is numerically demonstrated through simulation studies.
description: 41 pages, 6 figures
Nucleation stage in supersaturated vapor with inhomogeneities due to nonstationary diffusion onto growing droplets
Creators: name: Kuchma, Anatoly
name: Markov, Maxim
name: Shchekin, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An analytical description of nucleation stage in a supersaturated vapor with instantly created supersaturation is given with taking into account the vapor concentration inhomogeneities arising as a result of depletion due to non-stationary diffusion onto growing droplets. This description suggests that the intensity of the nucleation of new droplets is suppressed in spherical diffusion regions of a certain size surrounding previously nucleated droplets, and remains at the initial level in the remaining volume of the vapor-gas medium. The value of volume excluded from nucleation depends on the explicit form of the vapor concentration profile in the space around the growing droplet, and we use for that the unsteady self-similar solution of time-dependent diffusion equation with a convective term describing the flow of the gas-vapor mixture caused by moving surface of single growing droplet. The main characteristics of the phase transition at the end of the nucleation stage are found and compared with those in the theory of nucleation with homogeneous vapor consumption (the theory of mean-field vapor supersaturation).
description: This work was presented on Research Workshop 'Nucleation Theory and Applications' (Dubna, Russia) in 2013. The paper submitted to Physica A journal
Near-Zone Symmetries of Kerr Black Holes
Creators: name: Hui, Lam
name: Joyce, Austin
name: Penco, Riccardo
name: Santoni, Luca
name: Solomon, Adam R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the near-zone symmetries of a massless scalar field on four-dimensional black hole backgrounds. We provide a geometric understanding that unifies various recently discovered symmetries as part of an SO(4,2) group. Of these, a subset are exact symmetries of the static sector and give rise to the ladder symmetries responsible for the vanishing of Love numbers. In the Kerr case, we compare different near-zone approximations in the literature, and focus on the implementation that retains the symmetries of the static limit. We also describe the relation to spin-1 and 2 perturbations.
description: 4+3 pages, 1 figure
Animal- and herd-level factors associated with onset of puberty in grazing dairy heifers
Creators: name: Steele, NM
name: Stephen, MA
name: Kuhn-Sherlock, B
name: Hendriks, SJ
name: Meier, S
name: Phyn, CVC
name: Burke, CR
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: To explore animal- and herd-level risk factors influencing age at puberty in predominantly Holstein-Friesian dairy heifers managed in seasonal, pasture-based systems. Heifers born in spring 2018 (n = 5,010) from 54 commercial dairy herds in New Zealand were visited on three occasions when the mean heifer age, within herd, was 10 (visit 1; V1), 11 (V2) and 12 (V3) months old. Blood samples were collected on each visit and liveweight, stature and anogenital distance (AGD) were measured at V2. Heifers were defined as having reached puberty at the first visit where blood progesterone was elevated (≥ 1 ng/mL). Animal-level response variables included pubertal status by V1, V2 and V3, and age at puberty (or age at V3 plus 31 days for those that had not attained puberty by V3). To explore herd-level management factors, farmers answered a questionnaire relating to animal location, land type, health, feeding, and management between weaning and mating. A partial least squares regression was undertaken to identify herd-level factors associated with the greatest influence on puberty rate within herd. The mean age at puberty was 352 (SD 34.9) days. Heavier animals at a greater proportion of expected mature liveweight based on their breeding value for liveweight, or animals with a higher breed proportion of Jersey and lower breed proportion of Holstein, were associated with earlier puberty. Herd puberty rates varied widely among enrolled herds, and averaged 20%, 39% and 56% by V1, V2 and V3, respectively. Liveweight, followed by breed and land type, had the greatest influence on the herd puberty rate. Heifer herds with a greater mean liveweight (absolute and proportion of expected mature weight) or greater Jersey proportion had more animals that reached puberty at any visit, whereas herds located on steep land or with greater Holstein breed proportions had lower puberty rates. Management-related factors such as vaccinations, provision of feed supplements, and weighing frequency were also herd-level risk factors of puberty but had less influence. This study highlights the importance of having well-grown heifers for increasing the chances of earlier puberty onset and the effect of breed and youngstock management to achieve growth targets. These outcomes have important implications for the optimal management of heifers to achieve puberty before their maiden breeding and for the timing of measurements to potentially incorporate a puberty trait in genetic evaluations.
Ekklesiologische Grundentscheidungen aus römisch-katholischer Sicht im ökumenischen Gespräch
Creators: name: Wanke, Joachim
Publisher: name: Lutherische Kirche in der Welt
Year: 1970

description: Lutherische Kirche in der Welt, Bd. 51 (2004): Lutherische Kirche in der Welt, Band 51
Sparse Bayesian inference on gamma-distributed observations using shape-scale inverse-gamma mixtures
Creators: name: Hamura, Yasuyuki
name: Onizuka, Takahiro
name: Hashimoto, Shintaro
name: Sugasawa, Shonosuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In various applications, we deal with high-dimensional positive-valued data that often exhibits sparsity. This paper develops a new class of continuous global-local shrinkage priors tailored to analyzing gamma-distributed observations where most of the underlying means are concentrated around a certain value. Unlike existing shrinkage priors, our new prior is a shape-scale mixture of inverse-gamma distributions, which has a desirable interpretation of the form of posterior mean and admits flexible shrinkage. We show that the proposed prior has two desirable theoretical properties; Kullback-Leibler super-efficiency under sparsity and robust shrinkage rules for large observations. We propose an efficient sampling algorithm for posterior inference. The performance of the proposed method is illustrated through simulation and two real data examples, the average length of hospital stay for COVID-19 in South Korea and adaptive variance estimation of gene expression data.
description: 57 pages, 8 figures
A photometric study of the nova-like variable TT Arietis with the MOST satellite
Creators: name: Vogt, N.
name: Chené, A. -N.
name: Moffat, A. F. J.
name: Matthews, J. M.
name: Kuschnig, R.
name: Guenther, D. B.
name: Rowe, J. F.
name: Rucinski, S. M.
name: Sasselov, D.
name: Weiss, W. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Variability on all time scales between seconds and decades is typical for cataclysmic variables (CVs). One of the brightest and best studied CVs is TT Ari, a nova-like variable which belongs to the VY Scl subclass, characterized by occasional low states in their light curves. It is also known as a permanent superhumper at high state, revealing "positive" (P_S > P_0) as well as "negative" (P_S < P_0) superhumps, where P_S is the period of the superhump and P_0 the orbital period. TT Ari was observed by the Canadian space telescope MOST for about 230 hours nearly continuously in 2007, with a time resolution of 48 seconds. Here we analyze these data, obtaining a dominant "negative" superhump signal with a period P_S = 0.1331 days and a mean amplitude of 0.09 mag. Strong flickering with amplitudes up to 0.2 mag and peak-to-peak time scales of 15-20 minutes is superimposed on the periodic variations. We found no indications for significant quasi-periodic oscillations with periods around 15 minutes, reported by other authors. We discuss the known superhump behaviour of TT Ari during the last five decades and conclude that our period value is at the upper limit of all hitherto determined "negative" superhump periods of TT Ari, before and after the MOST run.
description: Accepted for AN. 6 pages, 7 figures, 1 table
Persistence of orthopaedic hoof blocks for the treatment of lame cattle kept permanently at pasture
Creators: name: Müller, KR
name: Laven, RA
name: Laven, LJ
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: To compare the retention by New Zealand dairy cows kept at pasture in a lame cow group, of three hoof block products commonly used in the remediation of lameness. Sixty-seven farmer-presented Friesian and Friesian x Jersey dairy cows from a single herd in the Manawatū region (New Zealand) suffering from unilateral hind limb lameness attributable to a claw horn lesion (CHL) were randomly allocated to one of three treatments: foam block (FB), plastic shoe (PS) and a standard wooden block (WB). Blocks were applied to the contralateral healthy claw and checked daily by the farm staff (present/not present) and date of loss was recorded. Blocks were reassessed on Day 14 and Day 28 and then removed unless further elevation was indicated. Daily walking distances were calculated using a farm map and measurement software. Statistical analyses included a linear marginal model for distance walked until block loss and a Cox regression model for the relative hazard of a block being lost. Random allocation meant that differences between products in proportion used on left or right hind foot or lateral or medial claw were small. Mean distance walked/cow/day on farm tracks whilst the block was present was 0.32 (min 0.12, max 0.45) km/day; no biologically important difference between products in the mean distance walked was identified. Compared to PS, cows in the WB group were five times more likely to lose the block (HR = 4.8 (95% CI = 1.8–12.4)), while cows in the FB group were 9.5 times more likely to lose the block (HR = 9.5 (95% CI = 3.6–24.4)). In this study, PS were retained for much longer than either FB or WB. As cows were managed in a lame cow group for the study duration, walking distances were low and did not impact on the risk of block loss. More data are needed to define ideal block retention time. In cows with CHL the choice of block could be based on the type of lesion present and the expected re-epithelisation times.
The ABM parton distributions tuned to LHC data
Creators: name: Alekhin, S.
name: Bluemlein, J.
name: Moch, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a global fit of parton distributions at next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) in QCD. The fit is based on the world data for deep-inelastic scattering, fixed-target data for the Drell-Yan process and includes, for the first time, data from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) for the Drell-Yan process and the hadro-production of top-quark pairs. The analysis applies the fixed-flavor number scheme for n_f=3,4,5, uses the MS-bar scheme for the strong coupling α_s and the heavy-quark masses and keeps full account of the correlations among all non-perturbative parameters. At NNLO this returns the values of α_s(M_Z) = 0.1132 +- 0.0011 and m_t(pole) = 171.2 +- 2.4 GeV for the top-quark pole mass.The fit results are used to compute benchmark cross sections for Higgs production at the LHC to NNLO accuracy. We compare our results to those obtained by other groups and show that differences can be linked to different theoretical descriptions of the underlying physical processes.
description: 31 pages, 15 figures
The EUV spectrum of the Sun: SOHO CDS NIS radiances during solar cycle 23
Creators: name: Andretta, V.
name: Del Zanna, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the first time, we present and discuss EUV radiances of the solar transition region (TR) and corona obtained during a solar cycle. The measurements were obtained with the SOHO/coronal diagnostic spectrometer (CDS) during the period from 1996 to 2010. We find that limb-brightening significantly affects any characterisation of the solar radiances. We present the limb-brightening function for the main lines and find that it does not change measurably during the cycle. We confirm earlier findings that the radiance histogram of the cooler lines have a well defined, log-normal quiet-Sun component, although our results differ from previous ones. The width of the lowest-radiance log-normal distribution is constant along the cycle. Both the analysis of the centre-to-limb variation and of the radiance statistical distribution point to a constant QS emission along solar cycle 23. Lines formed above 1 MK are dramatically affected by the presence of active regions, and indeed, no "quiet Sun" region can be defined during periods of maximum activity. Much of the irradiance variability in lines formed below 1.5 MK is due to a change in the emitting area. For hotter lines, the emitting area saturates to almost 100% of full solar disk at the maximum of activity, while simultaneously the emission due to active regions increases by more than an order of magnitude. We show that structures around active regions, sometimes referred to as dark halos or dark canopies, are common and discuss their similarities and differences with coronal holes. In particular, we show how they are well visible in TR lines, contrary to coronal holes.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables; in press in: Astronomy & Astrophysics
SOTVerse: A User-defined Task Space of Single Object Tracking
Creators: name: Hu, Shiyu
name: Zhao, Xin
name: Huang, Kaiqi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Single object tracking (SOT) research falls into a cycle -- trackers perform well on most benchmarks but quickly fail in challenging scenarios, causing researchers to doubt the insufficient data content and take more effort to construct larger datasets with more challenging situations. However, inefficient data utilization and limited evaluation methods more seriously hinder SOT research. The former causes existing datasets can not be exploited comprehensively, while the latter neglects challenging factors in the evaluation process. In this article, we systematize the representative benchmarks and form a Single Object Tracking metaverse (SOTVerse) -- a user-defined SOT task space to break through the bottleneck. We first propose a 3E Paradigm to describe tasks by three components (i.e., environment, evaluation, and executor). Then, we summarize task characteristics, clarify the organization standards, and construct SOTVerse with 12.56 million frames. Specifically, SOTVerse automatically labels challenging factors per frame, allowing users to generate user-defined spaces efficiently via construction rules. Besides, SOTVerse provides two mechanisms with new indicators and successfully evaluates trackers under various subtasks. Consequently, SOTVerse first provides a strategy to improve resource utilization in the computer vision area, making research more standardized and scientific. The SOTVerse, toolkit, evaluation server, and results are available at http://metaverse.aitestunion.com.
description: This paper is submitted to an international journal
Disseminated Rasamsonia argillacea infection in a dog
Creators: name: Polak, S
name: Karalus, W
name: Worth, AJ
name: Cave, NJ
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: A 4-year-old, male neutered Borzoi presented for unlocalised pain and frequent episodes of vocalisation. Pain was localised to the lumbar spine and radiographs revealed a L3–L4 lesion consistent with discospondylitis. The dog was treated for presumptive bacterial discospondylitis with surgical debridement, spinal stabilisation, and cephalexin. Samples collected from the affected intervertebral disc at the time of surgery revealed lymphoplasmacytic inflammation with no causative agent identified on histopathology or bacterial culture. After an initial period of improvement, signs recurred despite an 8-week antibiotic course, with the development of inappetence, weight loss, polydipsia, and polyuria. Repeat radiographs revealed a new cervical intervertebral lesion, and concurrent pyelonephritis was diagnosed based on blood and urine results. Fungal culture of urine resulted in growth of Rasamsonia argillacea species complex and disseminated fungal disease was clinically diagnosed. Antifungal treatment was commenced, however the dog deteriorated, and euthanasia was performed. Multifocal white plaques were grossly visualised in the spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, cervical vertebrae, and kidneys. Periodic acid-Schiff-positive, fine, parallel-walled, occasionally branching, septate hyphae 5–10 μm in diameter, and conidia 5–7 μm in diameter were found on sectioning all organs. R. argillacea species complex was identified by fungal culture of urine and was considered the species of fungal organism seen histologically. The isolate was subsequently confirmed as R. argillacea by DNA sequencing. Disseminated Rasamsonia argillacea infection. Rasamsonia argillacea species complex is a recognised invasive mycosis in veterinary medicine, with disseminated disease causing significant clinical complications and death. This is believed to be the first report of infection caused by R. argillacea in a dog in Australasia and highlights the importance of awareness of a potential fungal aetiology in dogs with discospondylitis. Abbreviations: CLSI: Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute; CRI: Constant rate infusion; MEC: Minimum effective concentration; MIC: Minimum inhibitory concentration; PAS: Periodic acid-Schiff
The urban dimension of Chinese infrastructure finance in Africa
Creators: name: Asante, Lewis Abedi
name: Helbrecht, Ilse
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften
subject: 330 Wirtschaft

description: For many years, Chinese infrastructure finance has been secured by African governments to provide infrastructure of national significance, while cities continue to lack fiscal tools for the provision of large-scale urban infrastructure. This article not only demonstrates that Chinese infrastructure finance is being extended to municipal authorities in Africa to undertake critical urban infrastructure but also scrutinizes the urban dynamics and local impact of using Chinese infrastructure finance for urban regeneration. Through empirical scrutiny of the regeneration of Kotokuraba Market in Cape Coast, Ghana, findings reveal that municipal authorities, like national governments, are subjected to political and embedded conditionalities. However, the conventional resource-backed repayment conditionality characteristic of Chinese-funded national projects differs from the project finance model—relying on the project’s cash flow for repayment—adopted in Cape Coast. We found in Cape Coast a locally-driven emphasis on affordable rents that stands in stark contrast to the practice of project finance, resulting in potential default of the Chinese loan. The wider consequences of this disjuncture for urban development, financing and governance in Cape Coast, Ghana, and Africa are discussed.
Die Evangelisch-Theologische Fakultät der Comenius Universität in Bratislava
Creators: name: Kišš, Igor
name: Daniel, David P.
Publisher: name: Lutherische Kirche in der Welt
Year: 1970

description: Lutherische Kirche in der Welt, Bd. 51 (2004): Lutherische Kirche in der Welt, Band 51
Vortex Motion on Surfaces of Small Curvature
Creators: name: Dorigoni, Daniele
name: Dunajski, Maciej
name: Manton, Nicholas S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a single Abelian Higgs vortex on a surface Σ whose Gaussian curvature K is small relative to the size of the vortex, and analyse vortex motion by using geodesics on the moduli space of static solutions. The moduli space is Σ with a modified metric, and we propose that this metric has a universal expansion, in terms of K and its derivatives, around the initial metric on Σ. Using an integral expression for the Kähler potential on the moduli space, we calculate the leading coefficients of this expansion numerically, and find some evidence for their universality. The expansion agrees to first order with the metric resulting from the Ricci flow starting from the initial metric on Σ, but differs at higher order. We compare the vortex motion with the motion of a point particle along geodesics of Σ. Relative to a particle geodesic, the vortex experiences an additional force, which to leading order is proportional to the gradient of K. This force is analogous to the self-force on bodies of finite size that occurs in gravitational motion.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures
Layer formation in a stably-stratified fluid cooled from above. Towards an analog for Jupiter and other gas giants
Creators: name: Fuentes, J. R.
name: Cumming, A.
name: Anders, E. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 1D evolution models of gas giant planets, an outer convection zone advances into the interior as the surface cools, and multiple convective layers form beneath that convective front. To study layer formation below an outer convection zone in a similar scenario, we investigate the evolution of a stably-stratified fluid with a linear composition gradient that is constantly being cooled from above. We use the Boussinesq approximation in a series of 2D simulations at low and high Prandtl numbers ($\mathrm{Pr} = 0.5$ and 7), initialized with constant temperature everywhere, and cooled at different rates. We find that multiple convective layers form at $\mathrm{Pr} = 7$, {as the result of an instability in the} diffusive thermal boundary layer below the outer convection zone. At low Pr, layers do not form because the temperature gradient within the boundary layer is much smaller than at large Pr and, consequently, is not large enough to overcome the stabilizing effect of the composition gradient. For the stratification used in this study, on the long-term the composition gradient is an ineffective barrier against the propagation of the outer convection zone and the entire fluid becomes fully-mixed, whether layers form or not. Our results challenge 1D evolutionary models of gas giant planets, which predict that layers are long-lived and that the outer convective envelope stops advancing inwards. We discuss what is needed for future work to build more realistic models.
description: Accepted for publication in Physical review fluids
The Galactic distribution of SNRs
Creators: name: Green, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is not straightforward to determine the distribution of supernova remnants (SNRs) in the Galaxy. The two main difficulties are that there are observational selection effects that mean that catalogues of SNRs are incomplete, and distances are not available for most remnants. Here I discuss the selection effects that apply to the latest catalogue of Galactic SNRs. I then compare the observed distribution of `bright' SNRs in Galactic longitude with that expected from models in order to constrain the Galactic distribution of SNRs.
description: 8 pages, to appear in the proceedings of IAU Symposium 296, "Supernova environmental impacts" (eds Ray and McCray)
title: Input Subsidies to Improve Smallholder Maize Productivity in Malawi: Toward an African Green Revolution
Creators: name: Harawa, Rebbie
name: Banda, Clement
name: Keating, Michael
name: Wangila, Justine
name: Sachs, Jeffrey D.
name: Denning, Glenn L.
name: Kabambe, Patrick
name: Sanchez, Pedro A.
name: Malik, Alia
name: Zamba, Colleen
name: Magombo, Chrispin
name: Nkhoma, Phelire
name: Flor, David Rafael
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Farms, Small
Agricultural subsidies

description: In Malawi, recent success with input subsidies highlights how pro-poor public investments in maize productivity improvement can be made cost-effectively. This essay examines the circumstances, results, and implications from the 2005–2006 and 2006–2007 national input subsidy programs, and describes the experience of more intensive support undertaken by the Millennium Villages Project (MVP) in one district of southern Malawi.
Adaptive and Efficient Log Parsing as a Cloud Service
Creators: name: Li, Zeyan
name: Song, Jie
name: Zhang, Tieying
name: Yang, Tao
name: Ou, Xiongjun
name: Ye, Yingjie
name: Duan, Pengfei
name: Lin, Muchen
name: Chen, Jianjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Logs are a critical data source for cloud systems, enabling advanced features like monitoring, alerting, and root cause analysis. However, the massive scale and diverse formats of unstructured logs pose challenges for adaptable, efficient, and accurate parsing methods. This paper introduces ByteBrain-LogParser, an innovative log parsing framework designed specifically for cloud environments. ByteBrain-LogParser employs a hierarchical clustering algorithm to allow real-time precision adjustments, coupled with optimizations such as positional similarity distance, deduplication, and hash encoding to enhance performance. Experiments on large-scale datasets show that it processes 229,000 logs per second on average, achieving an 840% speedup over the fastest baseline while maintaining accuracy comparable to state-of-the-art methods. Real-world evaluations further validate its efficiency and adaptability, demonstrating its potential as a robust cloud-based log parsing solution.
description: Accepted by SIGMOD'25 Industry track
Bayesian Estimation of Multinomial Cell Probabilities Incorporating Information from Aggregated Observations
Creators: name: Hamura, Yasuyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this note, we consider the problem of estimating multinomial cell probabilities under the entropy loss when side information in aggregated data is available. We use the Jeffreys prior to obtain Bayes estimators. It is shown that by incorporating the side information, we can construct an improved estimator.
description: 11 pages