cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Health inequalities among children and adolescents in Germany. Developments over time and trends from the KiGGS study
Creators: name: Lampert, Thomas
name: Hoebel, Jens
name: Kuntz, Benjamin
name: Finger, Jonas D.
name: Hölling, Heike
name: Lange, Michael
name: Mauz, Elvira
name: Mensink, Gert
name: Poethko-Müller, Christina
name: Schienkiewitz, Anja
name: Starker, Anne
name: Zeiher, Johannes
name: Kurth, Bärbel-Maria
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: CHILD AND ADOLESCENT HEALTH
subject: SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS
subject: HEALTH INEQUALITIES
subject: TREND ANALYSES
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: This study examines the extent to which health inequalities among children and adolescents in Germany have developed over the past decade. The analyses are based on data from the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS), which are representative of the 0- to 17-year-old population in Germany. The KiGGS data were collected in three waves: the KiGGS baseline study (2003-2006), KiGGS Wave 1 (2009-2012) and KiGGS Wave 2 (2014-2017). Prevalences of five health outcomes are considered: general health, mental health problems, physical activity, the consumption of sugary soft drinks, and smoking. Moreover, it defines health inequalities in relation to differences in the socioeconomic status of the family (SES), an index derived from the parents’ level of education, occupation and income, and considers both absolute and relative health inequalities. In order to do so, the Slope Index of Inequality (SII) and the Relative Index of Inequality (RII) were calculated using linear probability or log-binomial models. Significant inequalities were identified to the detriment of young people from families with a low SES. These inequalities were particularly pronounced in the KiGGS Wave 2 data with regard to general health and the consumption of sugary soft drinks. Additionally, evidence from trend analyses for these two outcomes suggests that relative inequalities have increased. However, absolute inequalities decreased during the same period, and this also applies to smoking. The persistently high and, in some cases, widened levels of health inequalities indicate that adolescents from families with a low SES do not benefit to the same extent from disease prevention and health promotion measures for children and adolescents as young people from families with a higher SES.
Performance differences between aphasia and healthy aging on an executive function test battery
Creators: name: Bijoyaa Mohapatra
name: Marshall, Rebecca Shisler
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Purpose: Executive function (EF) deficits commonly co-occur with other linguistic and non-linguistic deficits in aphasia. The questions about whether, and to what extent, people with aphasia (PWA) present deficits on different executive functions (EFs) is relatively understudied. Method: In this study, four EFs, set-switching, updating, inhibition, and dual task processing were evaluated in aphasia and healthy groups. Three groups of participants: 30 healthy young, 30 healthy old, and 10 PWA were assessed on four tasks, Colour Trails Test (CTT 1 and 2), Conners’ Continuous Performance Test II (CPT II), n-back (1- and 2-back), and divided attention task that tapped into different EFs. In order to examine performance differences on the EF tasks between the participant groups, repeated measures and multivariate analysis of variances with follow-up pairwise comparisons were computed. Pearson product-moment correlations were conducted to evaluate the strength and direction of the association between aphasia severity (on Western Aphasia Battery-Revised) and executive functioning. Result: PWA demonstrated significantly diminished performance on all EF tasks in comparison to healthy groups and differences were distinct on the higher-level complexity tasks such as the 2-back and CTT 2. The healthy older group demonstrated elevated response times on the CTT, CPT II, and divided attention tasks, and decreased sensitivity scores on the CPT II and n-back in comparison to the younger group. Also, aphasia severity correlated with reduced performance on selective EF measures. Conclusion: This study emphasises the importance of investigating EF deficits in PWA and its potential relationship to language behaviour. Understanding EF is critical for comprehension of linguistic and non-linguistic deficits and in planning treatment for PWA.
Psychological correlates of biological and non-biological explanations for stuttering
Creators: name: Boyle, Michael P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Purpose: This study examined whether people who stutter would associate biological and non-biological explanations of stuttering with the endorsement of stereotypes about people who stutter, prognostic expectations for the reduction of stuttering, feelings of guilt, self-blame, and shame about stuttering, and agency for speech modification. Method: This was a cross-sectional study including 372 adults who stutter. Participants completed a web survey with scales that measured their agreement with biological and non-biological models of stuttering; their endorsement of common stereotypes for people who stutter; prognostic expectations for reduced stuttering; feelings of guilt, self-blame, and shame about stuttering; and feelings of agency in their ability to modify their speech. Result: Biological explanations for stuttering were significantly correlated with reduced stereotype endorsement about people who stutter, lower prognostic expectations for reducing stuttering, and reduced feelings of guilt and self-blame regarding stuttering. Non-biological explanations for stuttering were significantly correlated with increased endorsement of negative stereotypes about people who stutter, increased prognostic expectations for reducing stuttering, and increased feelings of guilt, self-blame, and shame about stuttering. Conclusion: It is concluded that the implications of biological framing of stuttering among people who stutter are complex and should be well thought out by professionals. Explaining stuttering as biological, but responsive to personal and environmental influences, may lead to reduced guilt and self-blame, while at the same time fostering feelings of agency for speech modification.
Not as She is: A Novel About Elizabeth Siddal
Creators: name: Ursuliak, Emily
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Language and Literature
subject: Elizabeth Siddal
subject: Creative Writing
subject: Novel

description: This novel follows in the feminist tradition of reclaiming female artists who have been overlooked, or misrepresented. Not as She is centers around Elizabeth Siddal, a Victorian-era artist, known for her connections with the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood (PRB), but also a worthy artist in her own right. Siddal is often viewed by traditional art historians as a hysterical, laudanum-addicted muse, but the fictional representation of her life found in this novel provides a more complex account. By using first person and second person points of view in present tense, the reader is given a more vivid version of Siddal as she struggles with her addiction to laudanum, becomes absorbed in the process of creating art and lives her daily life.
Corpora in English language teacher education: research, integration, and resources
Creators: name: FARR, FIONA
name: LENKO-SZYMA - NSKA, AGNIESZKA
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 36
subject: Creative arts and writing
classificationCode: 47
subject: Language, communication and culture

description: For some time, arguments have been made that for the increased successful use of corpus linguistics (CL), in the form of Data-Driven Learning (DDL; Johns, 1991) in the second language classroom, teacher education programs must play a central role by providing the necessary instruction and triggers. Three means of integrating corpora into teacher education have been identified (Lenko-Szyma-nska, 2022): as a tool for language awareness, as pedagogically-focussed instruction for DDL, and as a fully fledged CL course. It is difficult to gauge the effectiveness of these three approaches because we can only rely on the relatively few, but growing, number of research studies that are published. Naturally, the existing studies are based on relatively small numbers of participants, rely mainly on data collected through questionnaires and self-reports, and rarely trace the extended effects of the instruction after the student teachers leave the programs. It is also hard to generalize from these accounts as they are deeply imbedded in their institutional curricula and their local teacher education traditions. Nonetheless, they provide a foundation for the discussion in this paper which proposes a tripartite framework for the integration of instructional CL into language teacher education programs. This consists of corpus literacies, corpus-based language pedagogy, and corpus-based reflective practice. In addition, we present a summary of some useful published resources that can be used to support the integration of such a framework.
Treatment of Poisoning in Veterinary Medicine
Creators: name: Mounika Kamishetti*, M. Anudeep Reddy and B. Anil Kumar
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2023

description: Poisoning is a distinct disease from other diseases, as it is treated as an emergency. The primary focus is to maintain vital functions. While specific antidotes like receptor antagonists or chelating agents are available for some poisons and drugs, for most drugs and chemicals, there is no specific treatment. Symptomatic therapy is the only approach to support vital functions in poisoning cases.
Spectral-Temporal Simulations of Internal Dissipation Models of Gamma-Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Asano, Katsuaki
name: Meszaros, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present calculations of the time evolution of the prompt spectra of gamma-ray burst models involving generic internal dissipation regions, including internal shocks, either by itself or in the presence of an external photon source such as a photosphere. The method uses a newly developed time-dependent code involving synchrotron emission and absorption, inverse Compton scattering and pair formation. The models reproduce the typical observed Band spectra and their generic time evolution, including the appearance of an extra keV-GeV component, whose delay in simple SSC models, however, is only partially able to explain the several seconds observed GeV delays. On the other hand, models involving both a photosphere and an internal dissipation region at a larger radius produce both an extra GeV component and time delays which are in the range of the observations.
description: 37 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Cuidados domiciliares na aspiração das vias aéreas superiores
Creators: name: De Almeida Faria, Cristiane
name: De Almeida, Yasmim Saba
name: Tavares, Felipe Guimarães
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Doença de Parkinson;
Pneumonia Aspirativa;
Manuseio das Vias Aéreas;
Assistência Integral á Saúde.

description: Considerada a segunda doença neurodegenerativa mais prevalente na população idosa, a Doença de Parkinson é uma patologia crônica, de causa multifatorial, que dentre outros sintomas, provoca desordens do movimento. Advindas secundariamente, as alterações respiratórias podem ocasionar as pneumonias broncoaspirativas que levam a internações hospitalares recorrentes e podem compreender uma das principais causas de morte na Doença de Parkinson. O cuidado do paciente com Doença de Parkinson por seus familiares/cuidadores é envolto de desafios. O medo e a insegurança se tornam presentes no dia-a-dia quando se trata de um paciente acamado em domicílio com necessidade de cuidados que, muitas vezes, não é de experiência diária de um parente cuidador. Nesse contexto, o fisioterapeuta, juntamente dos demais membros da equipe multiprofissional, possui um papel fundamental no que tange a assistência peri-hospitalar do paciente parkinsoniano, de forma a garantir o treinamento adequado dos familiares/cuidadores para atuarem na aspiração de vias aéreas do paciente em uso de traqueostomia, para que seja possível dar continuidade nos cuidados domiciliares e reduzir a taxa de reinternação.
description: {"references": ["Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas da Universidade Federal do Tri\u00e2ngulo Mineiro. Traqueostomia: indica\u00e7\u00f5es e orienta\u00e7\u00f5es de cuidado ao paciente adulto [Internet]. Minas Gerais: UFTM/EBSERH; 2020 [citado 2023 Jun 12]. Dispon\u00edvel em: https://www.gov.br/ebserh/pt-br/hospitaisuniversitarios/regiao-sudeste/hc-uftm/documentos/protocolosassistenciais/traqueostomia-adulto-final.pdf", "Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade (BR), Hospital Alem\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz. Orienta\u00e7\u00f5es para o cuidado com o paciente no ambiente domiciliar. Bras\u00edlia:Minist\u00e9riodaSa\u00fade; 2018", "Nettina SM. Manual de pr\u00e1tica de enfermagem. 10. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Guanabara Koogan; 2016"]}
Towards a reliable reconstruction of the power spectrum of primordial curvature perturbation on small scales from GWTC-3
Creators: name: Zheng, Li-Ming
name: Li, Zhengxiang
name: Chen, Zu-Cheng
name: Zhou, Huan
name: Zhu, Zong-Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Primordial black holes (PBHs) can be both candidates of dark matter and progenitors of binary black holes (BBHs) detected by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collaboration. Since PBHs could form in the very early Universe through the gravitational collapse of primordial density perturbations, the population of BBHs detected by gravitational waves encodes much information on primordial curvature perturbation. In this work, we take a reliable and systematic approach to reconstruct the power spectrum of the primordial curvature perturbation from GWTC-3, under the hierarchical Bayesian inference framework, by accounting for the measurement uncertainties and selection effects. In addition to just considering the single PBH population model, we also report the results considering the multi-population model, i.e., the mixed PBH and astrophysical black hole binaries model. We find that the maximum amplitude of the reconstructed power spectrum of primordial curvature perturbation can be $\sim2.5\times10^{-2}$ at $\mathcal{O}(10^{5})~\rm Mpc^{-1}$ scales, which is consistent with the PBH formation scenario from inflation at small scales.
Distinguishing suicide attempters from suicide ideators
Creators: name: May, Alexis Merry
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Suicidal ideations and attempts are a major public health problem. Most known risk factors predict suicidality overall, rather than attempt or ideation specifically. Limited research has investigated risk factors that distinguish individuals who attempt suicide from individuals who only think about suicide. Existing demographic, psychological, personality, and sociodemographic risk factors were investigated in 3 samples using validated questionnaires and structured interviews. Cross-sectional data was gathered from 1,348 college students and 2,011 military recruits. Ten-year longitudinal data was gathered from 49 clinically depressed adults. Results from the cross-sectional samples (college students and military recruits) suggest that most risk factors for suicidality do not differentiate attempters from ideators. Risk factors that did appear associated with attempts over ideation were female gender, non-suicidal self-injury, amphetamine use, and a domain of impulsivity - lack of premeditation. Among women, the personality trait of manipulativeness was associated with ideation over attempts. Results from the longitudinal sample (depressed adults) suggest that co-morbid personality disorders, co-morbid anxiety disorders, co-morbid substance use disorders, social adjustment difficulties, and a poor maternal relationship predict suicide attempts in the next 10 years among suicide ideators. Co-morbid personality disorder, especially in Cluster B, appear to be the strongest predictors of attempts in the depressed ideating sample. Further research is needed to replicate these findings and identify further unique predictors of suicide attempts among ideators. This will aid in suicide risk assessment and the development of a comprehensive theory of suicidality.
MPEC 2025-G106 : 2025 GG1
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2025 GG1

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
ANTIOXIDANT EFFECTIVENESS OF ASTAXANTHIN BY ASSESSING GLUTATHION (GSH) CONDITIONS OF WISTAR RATS (RATTUS NORVEGICUS) EXPOSED TO CIGARETTE SMOKE
Creators: name: Yuniarti Arbain
name: Arif Santoso
name: Muhammad Husni Cangara
name: Irfan Idris
name: Firdaus Hamis
name: Aminuddin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Astaxanthin, Glutathion, Antioxidant, Cigarette Smoke.

description: Abstract

This study aims to see if exposure to cigarette smoke as a source of free radicals can reduce glutathione levels and also to see the antioxidant effect of astaxanthin as a free radical antidote. This research design was carried out using a laboratory experimental method with a post-test control group design with a sample size of 20 experimental animals divided into 4 groups, namely K- (ordinary air + distilled water), K+ (2 cigarettes + distilled water), KP1 (2 cigarettes cigarettes + astaxanthin 12 mg/rat/day) and KP2 (5 cigarettes + astaxathin 12 mg/rat/day. This research was conducted at the Integrated Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UNHAS, Hasanuddin University Medical Research Center (HUM-RC) Hospital Laboratory Hasanuddin University Makassar. The results showed that serum GSH levels were p=0.096 (p>0.05); lung histopathological checking was p=0.001 (p<0.05). It was concluded that there was no significant difference between GSH levels serum after treatment among all groups, there were significant differences in lung inflammation score data in the research groups.
Mutagenic effects of sodium azide on pineapple micropropagant growth and biochemical profile within temporary immersion bioreactors
Creators: name: Gómez, Daviel
name: Hernandez, Lazaro
name: Martínez, Julia
name: Quiñones, Janet
name: Zevallos, Byron
name: Sershen, Naidoo
name: Yabor, Lourdes
name: Lorenzo Feijoo, José Carlos
Publisher: name: Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality
Year: 2019

description: Sodium azide (NaN3) is widely used to induce mutagenesis within in vitro plant systems. However, since this mutagenesis is undirected, its unintended effects demand characterization. This study investigated the mutagenic effects of sodium azide (0-0.45 mM) on selected growth (shoot multiplication rate and shoot cluster fresh weight) and biochemical (aldehydes, chlorophylls, carotenoids and phenolics) parameters in pineapple micropropagants within temporary immersion bioreactors (TIBs). The content of soluble phenolics in the culture medium was also evaluated. Irrespective of the concentration NaN3 decreased shoot multiplication rate (by 87% relative to the control at 0.45 mM) and fresh weight (by 66% relative to the control at 0.45 mM). Levels of chlorophyll a and b, and soluble phenolics in the culture medium were also negatively correlated with NaN3 concentration. Interestingly, NaN3 application increased shoot carotenoid and soluble phenolic levels but had no significant effect on a range of established plant stress biomarkers: cell wall-linked phenolic levels, malondialdehyde and other aldehydes. Given that 0.19 mM NaN3 decreased shoot multiplication rate by 50% and resulted in propagants that displayed no morphologically abnormalities, increased levels of photoprotective pigments (relative to the control) and no significant increase in lipid peroxidation products, the mutagen can be used at this concentration to induce pineapple mutagenesis in TIB based studies aimed at producing agriculturally-useful mutants.
description: Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality, Vol 92 (2019): Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality
Wide band gap tunability in complex transition metal oxides by site-specific substitution
Creators: name: Choi, Woo Seok
name: Chisholm, Matthew F.
name: Singh, David J.
name: Choi, Taekjib
name: Jellison, Gerald E.
name: Lee, Ho Nyung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fabricating complex transition metal oxides with a tuneable band gap without compromising their intriguing physical properties is a longstanding challenge. Here we examine the layered ferroelectric bismuth titanate and demonstrate that, by site-specific substitution with the Mott insulator lanthanum cobaltite, its band gap can be narrowed as much as one electron volt, while remaining strongly ferroelectric. We find that when a specific site in the host material is preferentially substituted, a split-off state responsible for the band gap reduction is created just below the conduction band of bismuth titanate. This provides a route for controlling the band gap in complex oxides for use in emerging oxide opto-electronic and energy applications.
Architectural effect of different tea clones on the development of blister blight disease
Creators: name: Ponmurugan, Ponnusamy
name: Mythili Gnanamangai, Balasubramanian
name: Manjukarunambika, Kolandaisamy
Publisher: name: Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality
Year: 2019

description: An attempt has been made to analyze the architectural traits of six elite tea (Camellia sinensis) clones representing the three principal taxa Assam, China and Cambod with respect to the correlation of blister blight disease (Exobasidium vexans) development. In order to analyze the architecture, branching habit and flushing behavior were observed and subsequently compared with disease incidence. All the clones followed similar architectural pattern irrespective of the cultivar but varied with levels of disease severity. The number of branches was higher in China when compared to Assam and Cambod, branch length was bigger in Assam followed by Cambod and China. Branch angle of all the clones lay well within the described range of theoretical value of 45 to 90°. In general, internodal length was bigger in Assam followed by Cambod and China. These architectural characteristics determined the number of harvestable tea shoots in the bush canopy. China cultivars exhibited an erectophile type of leaf angle, which influenced effective net photosynthesis, transpiration rates and light penetration in leaves. These factors are playing important roles in a disease development strategy. This study should be useful for clonal selection for new clearings and re-planting areas. Moreover, plants breeding programmes for studying the yield and tea quality losses due to blister blight disease benefit from the findings herein.
description: Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality, Vol 92 (2019): Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality
Calibration of instruments and standards for roughness metrology, Calibration of standards with periodic profiles in horizontal direction by means of stylus instruments : Guideline DKD-R 4-2 Sheet 3
Creators: name: Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt, Braunschweig
Publisher: name: Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)
Year: 2020
Subjects: DKD Guideline
stylus instrument
calibration
horizontal direction
roughness metrology

description: In many stylus instruments, the length in direction of the feed (x-axis) is determined on the assumption of a constant feed rate and a fixed sampling interval. Therefore, a traceabilty chain to the unit of length has to be established for the calibration of the horizontal axis. Sheet 3 describes how to calibrate horizontal parameters such as RSm on surface standards with a regular profile of type C according to DIN EN ISO 5436-1 (in normal usage called “geometrical standards“). The thus calibrated standards are used to calibrate the horizontal axis of stylus instruments. This step is described in Sheet 4 of the Guideline 4-2. Through the dissemination of the unit of length by means of embodied standards, the entire measuring chain of the instrument, from the stylus tip to the display, is included during calibration.
A parallel solver for fluid structure interaction problems with Lagrange multiplier
Creators: name: Boffi, Daniele
name: Credali, Fabio
name: Gastaldi, Lucia
name: Scacchi, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65N30, 65N12, 74F10, 65F08

description: The aim of this work is to present a parallel solver for a formulation of fluid-structure interaction (FSI) problems which makes use of a distributed Lagrange multiplier in the spirit of the fictitious domain method. The fluid subproblem, consisting of the non-stationary Stokes equations, is discretized in space by $\mathcal{Q}_2$-$\mathcal{P}_1$ finite elements, whereas the structure subproblem, consisting of the linear or finite incompressible elasticity equations, is discretized in space by $\mathcal{Q}_1$ finite elements. A first order semi-implicit finite difference scheme is employed for time discretization. The resulting linear system at each time step is solved by a parallel GMRES solver, accelerated by block diagonal or triangular preconditioners. The parallel implementation is based on the PETSc library. Several numerical tests have been performed on Linux clusters to investigate the effectiveness of the proposed FSI solver.
description: 29 pages, 8 figures, 14 tables
Silicene Structures on Silver Surfaces
Creators: name: Enriquez, Hanna
name: Vizzini, Sébastien
name: Kara, Abdelkader
name: Lalmi, Boubekeur
name: Oughaddou, Hamid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we report on several structures of silicene, the analog of graphene for silicon, on the silver surfaces Ag(100), Ag(110) and Ag(111). Deposition of Si produces honeycomb structures on these surfaces. In particular, we present an extensive theoretical study of silicene on Ag(111) for which several recent experimental studies have been published. Different silicene structures were obtained only by varying the silicon coverage and/or its atomic arrangement. All the structures studied show that silicene is buckled, with a Si-Si nearest neighbor distance varying between 2.28 and 2.5 A° . Due to the buckling in the silicene sheet, the apparent (lateral) Si-Si distance can be as low as 1.89 A° . We also found that for a given coverage and symmetry, one may observe different scanning tunneling microscopy images corresponding to structures that differ by only a translation.
description: To be published in in J. Phys.: Condens. Matter "Special Issue on Ultrathin layers of graphene, h-BN and other honeycomb structures"
Impact of Knee Joint Loading on Site-Specific Cartilage Gene-Expression in a Porcine Model
Creators: name: Otoo, Baaba
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Engineering--Biomedical
subject: Engineering--Mechanical
subject: Biomechanics
subject: Cartilage
subject: Gene expression
subject: Joint loading
subject: RNA extraction
subject: RT-qPCR

description: Cyclic mechanical loading of cartilage induces stresses and fluid flow which are thought to modulate chondrocyte metabolism. The uneven surface plus the heterogeneity of cartilage within a joint makes stress and fluid pressure distribution in the tissue non-uniform, and gene expression may vary at different sites as a function of load magnitude, frequency and time. In previous studies, cartilage explants were used for loading tests to investigate cartilage biological response to mechanical loading, which did not reflect well the loading conditions in a joint. In contrast, we used loading tests of intact knee joints, providing a more physiologically relevant mechanical environment. Gene expression levels of loaded samples were compared with that of corresponding control samples to establish variations. Variations in gene expression levels after mechanical loading provide an indication of the effect of local topography and structure of the cartilage on the metabolic activity of the tissue regulated by mechanical loading.
Super-solar Metal Abundances in Two Galaxies at z ~ 3.57 revealed by the GRB 090323 Afterglow Spectrum
Creators: name: Savaglio, S.
name: Rau, A.
name: Greiner, J.
name: Krühler, T.
name: McBreen, S.
name: Hartmann, D. H.
name: Updike, A. C.
name: Filgas, R.
name: Klose, S.
name: Afonso, P.
name: Clemens, C.
name: Yoldaş, A. Küpcü
name: E., F. Olivares
name: Sudilovsky, V.
name: Szokoly, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the surprisingly high metallicity measured in two absorption systems at high redshift, detected in the Very Large Telescope spectrum of the afterglow of the gamma-ray burst GRB 090323. The two systems, at redshift z=3.5673 and z=3.5774 (separation Delta v ~ 660 km/s), are dominated by the neutral gas in the interstellar medium of the parent galaxies. From the singly ionized zinc and sulfur, we estimate oversolar metallicities of [Zn/H] =+0.29+/-0.10 and [S/H] = +0.67+/- 0.34, in the blue and red absorber, respectively. These are the highest metallicities ever measured in galaxies at z>3. We propose that the two systems trace two galaxies in the process of merging, whose star formation and metallicity are heightened by the interaction. This enhanced star formation might also have triggered the birth of the GRB progenitor. As typically seen in star-forming galaxies, the fine-structure absorption SiII* is detected, both in G0 and G1. From the rest-frame UV emission in the GRB location, we derive a relatively high, not corrected for dust extinction, star-formation rate SFR ~ 6 Msun/yr. These properties suggest a possible connection between some high-redshift GRB host galaxies and high-z massive sub-millimeter galaxies, which are characterized by disturbed morphologies and high metallicities. Our result provides additional evidence that the dispersion in the chemical enrichment of the Universe at high redshift is substantial, with the existence of very metal rich galaxies less than two billion years after the Big Bang.
description: accepted for publication in MNRAS
Output versnellingskamers
Creators: name: M.J. Kruithof
Publisher: name: University of Amsterdam / Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences
Year: 2019
Subjects: Social Science

description: Output interviews versnellingskamers voor project Kennis in uitvoering uitgevoerd door HvA, Nibud, HU, Universiteit Leiden voor ZonMw Vakkundig aan het werk.
Quantum simulation of partial differential equations via Schrodingerisation
Creators: name: Jin, Shi
name: Liu, Nana
name: Yu, Yue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple new way - called Schrodingerisation - to simulate general linear partial differential equations via quantum simulation. Using a simple new transform, referred to as the warped phase transformation, any linear partial differential equation can be recast into a system of Schrodinger's equations - in real time - in a straightforward way. This can be seen directly on the level of the dynamical equations without more sophisticated methods. This approach is not only applicable to PDEs for classical problems but also those for quantum problems - like the preparation of quantum ground states, Gibbs states and the simulation of quantum states in random media in the semiclassical limit.
Discovery and Characterization of Small Bodies in the Solar System
Creators: name: Pike, Rosemary
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Surveys of the Very Nearby Universe

description: Space-based facilities provide groundbreaking insight into the composition and evolutionary history of the wealth of small bodies in the solar system. The near-infrared and mid-infrared are critical for the detection of silicates, complex organics, water ice, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methanol, and other volatiles, as well as the signatures of past aqueous alteration. The presence or absence of these materials depends on the formation and evolution of these small bodies. The JWST is providing near-infrared and mid-infrared photometry and spectroscopy, which is critical for mapping the presence of volatiles in the solar system. The spectra of these small bodies provide the data necessary to create detailed reflectance models needed for linking composition determined from spectra to broad-band filter results from JWST and Roman. Current JWST programs target asteroids, distant and main belt comets, Centaurs, Trojans, and Trans-Neptunian objects. The wider field of view of Roman and the anticipated surveys will provide an unprecedented opportunity to serendipitously discover distant solar system objects and to characterize the surfaces of large numbers of known and newly discovered objects.
Information loss from dimensionality reduction in 5D-Gaussian spectral data
Creators: name: Schelle, A.
name: Lüling, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Understanding the loss of information in spectral analytics is a crucial first step towards finding root causes for failures and uncertainties using spectral data in artificial intelligence models built from modern complex data science applications. Here, we show from an elementary Shannon entropy model analysis with quantum statistics of Gaussian distributed spectral data, that the relative loss of information from dimensionality reduction due to the projection of an initial five-dimensional dataset onto two-dimensional diagrams is less than one percent in the parameter range of small data sets with sample sizes on the order of few hundred data samples. From our analysis, we also conclude that the density and expectation value of the entropy probability distribution increases with the sample number and sample size using artificial data models derived from random sampling Monte Carlo simulation methods.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
A search for AGN in the most extreme UV-selected starbursts using the European VLBI Network
Creators: name: Alexandroff, R.
name: Overzier, R. A.
name: Paragi, Z.
name: Basu-Zych, A.
name: Heckman, T.
name: Kauffmann, G.
name: Bourke, S.
name: Lobanov, A.
name: Ptak, A.
name: Schiminovich, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used the European VLBI Network (EVN) to observe a sample of Lyman Break Analogs (LBAs), nearby (z < 0.3) galaxies with properties similar to the more distant Lyman Break Galaxies (LBGs). The study of LBGs may help define the feed-back relationship between black holes (BHs) and their host galaxies. Previous VLA observations have shown that the kpc-scale radio emission from LBAs is dominated by starbursts. The main targets of this VLBI experiment were selected because they possessed emission-line properties between starbursts and Type 2 (obscured) AGN. Eight targets (three star-forming LBAs, four composite LBAs, and one Type 1 AGN) were observed at 5 GHz, four of which were also observed at 1.7 GHz. One star-forming LBA and one composite LBA were detected above 5 σat 1.7 GHz (only), while the AGN was detected at 5 GHz. In both LBAs, the radio luminosity (LR) exceeds that expected from supernovae (remnants) based on a comparison with Arp220, Arp229A and Mrk273, by factors of 2 - 8. The composite LBA exhibits a compact core emitting around 10% of the VLA flux density. The high Tb of 3.5E7 K and excess core L_R with respect to the L_R/L_X relation of radio-quiet AGN indicate that this LBA possesses an obscured AGN (MBH ~ E5-E7 M_sun). While weak AGN may co-exist with the starbursts as shown in at least one of the LBAs, their contribution to the total radio flux is fairly minimal. Our results show that the detection of such weak AGN presents a challenge at radio, X-ray and optical emission-line wavelengths at z ~ 0.2, indicating the great difficulties that need to be overcome in order to study similar processes at high redshift when these types of galaxies were common.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Simulation of Air-Steam Gasification of Woody Biomass in Aspen Plus: A Comprehensive Model Including Pyrolysis, Hydrodynamics, and Tar Production
Creators: name: Pauls, Jennifer Hamlet
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Engineering--Chemical
subject: Engineering--Environmental
subject: Biomass
subject: Gasification
subject: Simulation

description: A comprehensive model was developed to simulate gasification of pine sawdust in the presence of both air and steam. The proposed model was built upon the premise of an existing Aspen Plus-based biomass gasification model with select improvements. These include the addition of a temperature-dependent pyrolysis model, an updated hydrodynamic model, more extensive gasification kinetics and the inclusion of tar formation and reaction kinetics. The Aspen Plus process simulator was used in combination with a more extensive Fortran subroutine to appropriately model a Bubbling Fluidized Bed (“BFB”) gasifier. The validity of the model was compared on two fronts: Firstly, the accuracy of the model’s predictions in comparison with the actual experimental results; and secondly, the relative accuracy of the model prediction in comparison to the original base-model.
Optimizing protected areas to boost the conservation of key protected wildlife in China
Creators: name: Mi, Chunrong
name: Song, Kai
name: Ma, Liang
name: Xu, Jiliang
name: Sun, Baojun
name: Sun, Yuehua
name: Liu, Jianguo
name: Du, Weiguo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Ecology not elsewhere classified

description: Current geographic range maps for List of Key Protected Animals in China under 1988 and 2021. Among them, mammals and amphibians were sourced from the IUCN. Mammal ranges were supplemented using data from the book “China’s Mammal Diversity and Geographic Distribution”, and data on amphibians was supplemented by the “Colored Atlas of Chinese Amphibians and Their Distributions”. Range maps for birds were digitalized from “A Field Guide to the Birds of China”, and supplemented by BirdLife International. Reptile range maps were taken from Roll et al.2017. We were unable to find range maps for 12 species in List 1988 and 1 species in List 2021; thus, they were excluded from this study. In total, we collected range maps of 341 species in the List 1988 and 665 species in the List 2021. Because the range maps often contained unsuitable habitats, we refined the potential area of habitat for each species based on specific distribution data, elevational range, and vegetation types. Ecological requirements based on elevation and vegetation type for each species are from the Scientific Database of the IUCN Red List and published literature, and also from the database of Chinese amphibians (Amphibia China http://www.amphibiachina.org/). Elevational data was extracted using the 90-meter Digital Elevation Model from the NASA Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (https://cgiarcsi.community/data/srtm-90m-digital-elevation-database-v4-1/), and vegetation data were extracted from the global land cover map GlobCover 2009.
Building Educational Practice and Culture in Infection Prevention and Control: A Design-Based Research Study
Creators: name: Meyers, Gwyneth Louise
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Education--Health
subject: Infection Prevention and Control
subject: Professional Development
subject: Design-based Research
subject: education
subject: Community of Learning

description: Emerging antibiotic resistant organisms and diseases such as Ebola pose significant public health threats. Infection Prevention and Control (IPAC) programs are charged with educating healthcare workers (HCWs) to prevent the spread of such microorganisms and infections. Despite ongoing education by Infection Control Professionals (ICPs), HCWs’ adherence to IPAC practice remains low. While education is an expected core competency for ICPs, they are not prepared for this educator role and opportunities for educational professional development are limited. This gap leads to a narrow conceptualization of education, limited application of theory, and research challenges. Relying on conventional teaching methods, ICPs are frustrated with the poor results and are disengaged from their educational efforts. Using Design-based research as an interventional change methodology, the purpose of this research was to begin addressing these problems by designing, developing and implementing an innovative professional development experience in education for a group of ICPs in the Alberta Health Services IPAC program. This professional development experience was situated in the context of a community of learning (CoL) located in the ICPs’ workplace practice. Learning in the CoL was mediated through use of collaborative teaching and learning activities over a one year timeframe. The core interventionist strategy was to have the ICPs create a flipped learning experience the ICPs could use to teach HCWs. Drawing on contemporary constructivist concepts and principles from the Learning Sciences, this research resulted in the creation of an innovative design framework for the educational professional development of ICPs that successfully changed ICPs educational understanding and practice by building their pedagogical expertise and developing their identity as educators through the acquisition of knowledge, language and experience with which to reflect on and explore their teaching and learning practices. This study demonstrated the value of using DBR to explore teaching and learning in the context of a healthcare workplace setting where the focus is on the production and delivery of activities other than teaching and learning. The application of DBR to IPAC practice, whose focus is often to create change, suggests that DBR has potential use beyond the design and improvement of teaching and learning environments.
Sufficient conditions for prisms to produce orthogonal image orientation functions without spectral dispersion
Creators: name: Liao, Te-Tan
name: Lin, Psang Dain
Publisher: name: The Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Poland
Year: 2018
Subjects: prism, image orientation, spectral dispersion

description: OPTICA APPLICATA; 04/2018; ISSN 1429-7507
Magnified holographic projection based on spatial light modulators
Creators: name: Su, Yanfeng
name: Cai, Zhijian
name: Shi, Lingyan
name: Zhou, Feng
name: Chen, Haidong
name: Wu, Jianhong
Publisher: name: The Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Poland
Year: 2018
Subjects: holographic display, spatial light modulators, computer-generated holograms, magnified holographic projection

description: OPTICA APPLICATA; 04/2018; ISSN 1429-7507
Search for Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background from Massive Gravity in the NANOGrav 12.5-Year Data Set
Creators: name: Wu, Yu-Mei
name: Chen, Zu-Cheng
name: Huang, Qing-Guo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational waves offer a new window to probe the nature of gravity, including answering if the mediating particle, graviton, has a non-zero mass or not. Pulsar timing arrays measure stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) at $\sim1-100$~nanohertz. Recently, the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav) collaboration reported an uncorrelated common-spectrum process in their 12.5-year data set with no substantial evidence that the process comes from the SGWB predicted by general relativity. In this work, we explore the possibility of an SGWB from massive gravity in the data set and find that a massless graviton is preferred because of the relatively larger Bayes factor. Without statistically significant evidence for dispersion-related correlations predicted by massive gravity, we place upper limits on the amplitude of the SGWB for graviton mass smaller than $10^{-23}$~eV as $A_{\rm{MG}}<3.21\times 10^{-15}$ at $95\%$ confidence level.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, 1 table; accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Variational Splines and Paley--Wiener Spaces on Combinatorial Graphs
Creators: name: Pesenson, Isaac
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Notions of interpolating variational splines and Paley-Wiener spaces are introduced on a combinatorial graph G. Both of these definitions explore existence of a combinatorial Laplace operator onG. The existence and uniqueness of interpolating variational splines on a graph is shown. As an application of variational splines, the paper presents a reconstruction algorithm of Paley-Wiener functions on graphs from their uniqueness sets.
Flushing and trapping of buoyant particles in a gravitationally driven wide estuary: Data Set
Creators: name: Mason, Robert
name: Kukulka, Tobias
name: Chant, Robert
name: Cohen, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Estuary
subject: Secondary Circulation
subject: Channel Flows
subject: Particle Transport
subject: Particle Fate
subject: Delaware Bay

description: Data set and code for the paper "Flushing and trapping of buoyant particles in a gravitationally driven wide estuary" published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans