cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Vocabulary-Free Multilingual Neural Tokenizer for End-to-End Task Learning
Creators: name: Islam, Md Mofijul
name: Aguilar, Gustavo
name: Ponnusamy, Pragaash
name: Mathialagan, Clint Solomon
name: Ma, Chengyuan
name: Guo, Chenlei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Subword tokenization is a commonly used input pre-processing step in most recent NLP models. However, it limits the models' ability to leverage end-to-end task learning. Its frequency-based vocabulary creation compromises tokenization in low-resource languages, leading models to produce suboptimal representations. Additionally, the dependency on a fixed vocabulary limits the subword models' adaptability across languages and domains. In this work, we propose a vocabulary-free neural tokenizer by distilling segmentation information from heuristic-based subword tokenization. We pre-train our character-based tokenizer by processing unique words from multilingual corpus, thereby extensively increasing word diversity across languages. Unlike the predefined and fixed vocabularies in subword methods, our tokenizer allows end-to-end task learning, resulting in optimal task-specific tokenization. The experimental results show that replacing the subword tokenizer with our neural tokenizer consistently improves performance on multilingual (NLI) and code-switching (sentiment analysis) tasks, with larger gains in low-resource languages. Additionally, our neural tokenizer exhibits a robust performance on downstream tasks when adversarial noise is present (typos and misspelling), further increasing the initial improvements over statistical subword tokenizers.
STUDIO CLINICO_  PSC-DS SATIN21 521.2022
Creators: name: MultiMedica Data Management
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: STUDIO CLINICO_  PSC-DS SATIN21 521.2022

 TITOLO :  PSC-DS SATIN 21 -   Valutazione delle prestazioni di SOFARDRESS® (medicazione in schiuma poliuretanica) nel trattamento di lesioni croniche in pazienti con ulcere da pressione e ulcere degli arti inferiori. Uno studio in aperto, a braccio singolo e multicentrico

 Promotore: SOFAR S.p.A

Studio interventistico con dispositivo medico a singolo braccio

Lettera di richiesta della CRO 1Med al CE 2021

Verbale CE 53.2022

IL PROMOTORE autorizza MultiMedica a registrare su Piattaforma ZENODO lo studio PSC-DS SATIN 21  per le finalità di rendicontazione ministeriale, non essendo registrato da parte di promotore sul altre piattaforme.
STUDIO CLINICO_ RETINAL 490.2021
Creators: name: MultiMedica Data Management
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: STUDIO CLINICO_ RETINAL 490.2021

TITOLO :  Effetto della infezione da SARS- CoV-2 sulla struttura rEtinica nei pazienTI coN DiAbete MeLlito – Studio RETINAL

Promotore: MultiMedica

Studio osservazionale prospettico monocentrico

Lettera richiesta al CE 11.5.21 - Protocollo Versione  1.0 del 5.5.2021- Verbale CE 75.2021 e 35.2022  (DEF)

Lettera risposta al CE 19.7.21 – Protocollo v 1.1 del 5.5.2021- Verbale 35.2022  (DEF)
Nuclear translocation of Cyclin B1 marks the restriction point for terminal cell cycle exit in G2 phase
Creators: name: Lindqvist, Arne
name: Müllers, Erik
name: Cascales, Helena Silva
name: Himjyot Jaiswal
name: Saurin, Adrian T
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: Plasma Physics
subject: Cancer
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: Medicine
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: Upon DNA damage, cell cycle progression is temporally blocked to avoid propagation of mutations. While transformed cells largely maintain the competence to recover from a cell cycle arrest, untransformed cells past the G1/S transition lose mitotic inducers, and thus the ability to resume cell division. This permanent cell cycle exit depends on p21, p53, and APC/CCdh1. However, when and how permanent cell cycle exit occurs remains unclear. Here, we have investigated the cell cycle response to DNA damage in single cells that express Cyclin B1 fused to eYFP at the endogenous locus. We find that upon DNA damage Cyclin B1-eYFP continues to accumulate up to a threshold level, which is reached only in G2 phase. Above this threshold, a p21 and p53-dependent nuclear translocation required for APC/CCdh1-mediated Cyclin B1-eYFP degradation is initiated. Thus, cell cycle exit is decoupled from activation of the DNA damage response in a manner that correlates to Cyclin B1 levels, suggesting that G2 activities directly feed into the decision for cell cycle exit. Once Cyclin B1-eYFP nuclear translocation occurs, checkpoint inhibition can no longer promote mitotic entry or re-expression of mitotic inducers, suggesting that nuclear translocation of Cyclin B1 marks the restriction point for permanent cell cycle exit in G2 phase.
title: Sancho Ortiz de las Roclas, tragedia...
Creators: name: de Trigueros, Candido Maria
name: , Sancha
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Source: Bibliothèque patrimoniale Villon (Rouen), fonds Leber, Mt p 15161
Analysis of STAT4 expression in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) patients and patient-derived cell lines
Creators: name: Ødum, Niels
name: Yuanshen Huang
name: Youwen Zhou
name: Woetmann, Anders
name: Litvinov, Ivan V
name: Cordeiro, Brendan
name: Fredholm, Simon
name: Hanieh Zargham
name: Pehr, Kevin
name: Kupper, Thomas S
name: Sasseville, Denis
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Hematology
subject: Cancer
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Deregulation of STAT signaling has been implicated in the pathogenesis for a variety of cancers, including CTCL. Recent reports indicate that loss of STAT4 expression is an important prognostic marker for CTCL progression and is associated with the acquisition of T helper 2 cell phenotype by malignant cells. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism behind the downregulation of STAT4 in this cancer. In the current work we test the expression of STAT4 and STAT6 via RT-PCR and/or Western Blot in CTCL lesional skin samples and in immortalized patient-derived cell lines. In these malignant cell lines we correlate the expression of STAT4 and STAT6 with the T helper (Th) phenotype markers and test the effect of Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors and siRNA-mediated knock down of miR-155 on STAT4 expression. Our findings demonstrate that STAT4 expression correlates with Th1 phenotype, while STAT6 is associated with the Th2 phenotype. Our results further document that STAT4 and STAT6 genes are inversely regulated in CTCL. Treatment with HDAC inhibitors upregulates STAT4 expression, while at the same time decreases STAT6 expression in MyLa cells. Also, siRNA-mediated knock down of miR-155 leads to upregulation in STAT4 expression in MyLa cells. In summary, our results suggest that loss of STAT4 expression and associated switch to Th2 phenotype during Mycosis Fungoides progression may be driven via aberrant histone acetylation and/or upregulation of oncogenic miR-155 microRNA.
title: "Quand l'immunodéficience perd de son immunité…"
Creators: name: Leibowitch, Jacques
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (France)

description: Annonce de la conférence autour du livre de Jacques Leibowitch donnée au CEA le 14 janvier 2008.
description: Source: http://www.calames.abes.fr/pub/ms/Calames-2019311113376253
description: created: start=1975;end=2018
MOLE: Digging Tunnels Through Multimodal Multi-Objective Landscapes
Creators: name: Schäpermeier, Lennart
name: Grimme, Christian
name: Kerschke, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent advances in the visualization of continuous multimodal multi-objective optimization (MMMOO) landscapes brought a new perspective to their search dynamics. Locally efficient (LE) sets, often considered as traps for local search, are rarely isolated in the decision space. Rather, intersections by superposing attraction basins lead to further solution sets that at least partially contain better solutions. The Multi-Objective Gradient Sliding Algorithm (MOGSA) is an algorithmic concept developed to exploit these superpositions. While it has promising performance on many MMMOO problems with linear LE sets, closer analysis of MOGSA revealed that it does not sufficiently generalize to a wider set of test problems. Based on a detailed analysis of shortcomings of MOGSA, we propose a new algorithm, the Multi-Objective Landscape Explorer (MOLE). It is able to efficiently model and exploit LE sets in MMMOO problems. An implementation of MOLE is presented for the bi-objective case, and the practicality of the approach is shown in a benchmarking experiment on the Bi-Objective BBOB testbed.
description: This version has been accepted for publication at the Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (GECCO '22), July 9-13, 2022, Boston, USA
title: Programme de la conférence de Sophie Brones
Creators: name: IDEMEC (UMR 7307)
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2017

description: Programme de la conférence de Sophie Brones, post-doctorante LabexMed-Gerda Henkel Stiftung 2013 accueillie à l'IDEMEC, le 16 mai 2014
description: Relation: http://labexmed.hypotheses.org/583
Ciliary abnormalities in senescent human fibroblasts impair proliferative capacity
Creators: name: Breslin, Loretta
name: Prosser, Suzanna L
name: Cuffe, Sandra
name: Morrison, Ciaran G
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Hematology
subject: Cancer
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Cell Biology

description: Somatic cells senesce in culture after a finite number of divisions indefinitely arresting their proliferation. DNA damage and senescence increase the cellular number of centrosomes, the 2 microtubule organizing centers that ensure bipolar mitotic spindles. Centrosomes also provide the basal body from which primary cilia extend to sense and transduce various extracellular signals, notably Hedgehog. Primary cilium formation is facilitated by cellular quiescence a temporary cell cycle exit, but the impact of senescence on cilia is unknown. We found that senescent human fibroblasts have increased frequency and length of primary cilia. Levels of the negative ciliary regulator CP110 were reduced in senescent cells, as were levels of key elements of the Hedgehog pathway. Hedgehog inhibition reduced proliferation in young cells with increased cilium length accompanying cell cycle arrest suggesting a regulatory function for Hedgehog in primary ciliation. Depletion of CP110 in young cell populations increased ciliation frequencies and reduced cell proliferation. These data suggest that primary cilia are potentially novel determinants of the reduced cellular proliferation that initiates senescence.
Møller Energy-Momentum Complex in General Relativity for Higher Dimensional Universes
Creators: name: Aygun, M.
name: Aygun, S.
name: Yilmaz, I.
name: Baysal, H.
name: Tarhan, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This submission has been withdrawn by arXiv administrators due to inappropriate text reuse from external sources
description: This submission has been withdrawn by arXiv administrators due to inappropriate text reuse from external sources
Quantitative Analysis of Effects of UV Exposure and Spore Cluster Size on Deposition and Inhalation Hazards of Bacillus Spores
Creators: name: F. A. Handler
name: Edmonds, Jason M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Genetics
subject: Microbiology
subject: Biophysics

description: Reviews of the effects of solar UV radiation on the survival rate of aerosolized biological material found that the current understanding of environmental viability degradation in response scenarios is insufficient to inform appropriate emergency response measures. We evaluated the effects of UV degradation, in terms of the number of viable, culture forming units as a function of spore cluster size on the downwind hazard presented by a release of a biological organism such as Bacillus anthracis into the environment. We used experimentally derived survival rates for B. atrophaeus var. globigii (BG) spores and BG spore clusters (as a surrogate for Bacillus anthracis) of various sizes exposed to UVC fluences to derive predicted survival rates for single spores and spore clusters of up to 10 µm. For the range of weather conditions encountered in hazard estimates, as characterized by Pasquill-Gifford-Turner classes, we calculated and compared the downwind inhalation and deposition hazards for single spores versus spore clusters up to 10 μm diameter based on standard plume dispersion and particle deposition models. These models can be used to predict survival rates for solar exposure taking into account differences in plume depletion due to deposition, and differences in dose–response due to particle size. The combined effects of solar degradation and size-dependent deposition resulted in clusters presenting from a few to up to 10 orders of magnitude greater hazards than single spores depending on meteorological conditions and downwind distance.Copyright 2015 American Association for Aerosol Research
Otimização e Quantificação de Imagens Biomagnéticas de Biosusceptometria AC Empregando Filtro de Wiener, Segmentação e Fluxo Óptico
Creators: name: Fonseca, Paulo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2015
Subjects: Pharmacology
Biophysics

description: Undergraduate conclusion essay about the quantification and processing of biomagnetic images of solid dosage forms.
title: Neufassung der Ordnung über den Zugang und die Zulassung für den konsekutiven Masterstudiengang „Messtechnik und Analytik" an der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, Fakultät für Maschinenbau
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Braunschweig. Fakultät 4
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Zulassungsordnung
subject: 379

description: Hochschulöffentliche Bekanntmachungen der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, vol. 1164
Zeta functions for infinite graphs and functional equations
Creators: name: Guido, Daniele
name: Isola, Tommaso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C25, 05C38, 46Lxx, 11M41

description: The definitions and main properties of the Ihara and Bartholdi zeta functions for infinite graphs are reviewed. The general question of the validity of a functional equation is discussed, and various possible solutions are proposed.
description: 23 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in "Fractals in Applied Mathematics", Contemporary Mathematics, Editors Carfi, Lapidus, Pearse, van Frankenhuijsen
Root system chip-firing II: Central-firing
Creators: name: Galashin, Pavel
name: Hopkins, Sam
name: McConville, Thomas
name: Postnikov, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C57, 17B22

description: Jim Propp recently proposed a labeled version of chip-firing on a line and conjectured that this process is confluent from some initial configurations. This was proved by Hopkins-McConville-Propp. We reinterpret Propp's labeled chip-firing moves in terms of root systems: a "central-firing" move consists of replacing a weight $λ$ by $λ+α$ for any positive root $α$ that is orthogonal to $λ$. We show that central-firing is always confluent from any initial weight after modding out by the Weyl group, giving a generalization of unlabeled chip-firing on a line to other types. For simply-laced root systems we describe this unlabeled chip-firing as a number game on the Dynkin diagram. We also offer a conjectural classification of when central-firing is confluent from the origin or a fundamental weight.
description: 30 pages, 6 figures, 1 table; v2, v3: minor revisions
Age-of-asthma onset as a determinant of different asthma phenotypes in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature
Creators: name: Walters, Eugene Haydn
name: Tan, Daniel J
name: Perret, Jennifer L
name: Lodge, Caroline J
name: Lowe, Adrian J
name: Matheson, Melanie C
name: Shyamali C Dharmage
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Medicine

description: Age-of-asthma onset is often used to distinguish different adult asthma phenotypes; however, similarities and differences between early- and late-onset adult asthma have not been summarized to date. Of the 2921 records found, we identified 12 studies comparing early- and late-onset current asthma in adults. Age 12 was most commonly used to delineate the two age-of-onset phenotypes. Adults with early-onset current asthma were more likely to be atopic and had a higher frequency of asthma attacks, whereas adults with late-onset disease were more likely to be female, smokers and had greater levels of spirometrically defined fixed airflow obstruction. The prevalence of severe asthma was similar in both groups, and, in general, there were few phenotypic differences between severe asthmatics regardless of age of onset. Findings for several key characteristics, including lung function, were inconsistent between studies. Overall, there appears to be distinctive phenotypic differences with age of asthma onset. Although early-onset adult asthma is likely more attributable to atopy and potentially genetic factors, late-onset adult asthma appears to be more related to environmental risk factors, and so may be better targeted by preventive strategies. More detailed research is required to better characterize these phenotypes and to clarify potential clinical implications.
Efficient approximation of functions of some large matrices by partial fraction expansions
Creators: name: Bertaccini, Daniele
name: Popolizio, Marina
name: Durastante, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65F60, 65F08, 15A23

description: Some important applicative problems require the evaluation of functions $Ψ$ of large and sparse and/or \emph{localized} matrices $A$. Popular and interesting techniques for computing $Ψ(A)$ and $Ψ(A)\mathbf{v}$, where $\mathbf{v}$ is a vector, are based on partial fraction expansions. However, some of these techniques require solving several linear systems whose matrices differ from $A$ by a complex multiple of the identity matrix $I$ for computing $Ψ(A)\mathbf{v}$ or require inverting sequences of matrices with the same characteristics for computing $Ψ(A)$. Here we study the use and the convergence of a recent technique for generating sequences of incomplete factorizations of matrices in order to face with both these issues. The solution of the sequences of linear systems and approximate matrix inversions above can be computed efficiently provided that $A^{-1}$ shows certain decay properties. These strategies have good parallel potentialities. Our claims are confirmed by numerical tests.
Algorithms for Computing Wiener Indices of Acyclic and Unicyclic Graphs
Creators: name: Bi, Bo
name: Jamil, Muhammad Kamran
name: Fahd, Khawaja Muhammad
name: Sun, Tian-Le
name: Ahmad, Imran
name: Ding, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $G=(V(G),E(G))$ be a molecular graph, where $V(G)$ and $E(G)$ are the sets of vertices (atoms) and edges (bonds). A topological index of a molecular graph is a numerical quantity which helps to predict the chemical/physical properties of the molecules. The Wiener, Wiener polarity and the terminal Wiener indices are the distance based topological indices. In this paper, we described a linear time algorithm {\bf(LTA)} that computes the Wiener index for acyclic graphs and extended this algorithm for unicyclic graphs. The same algorithms are modified to compute the terminal Wiener index and the Wiener polarity index. All these algorithms compute the indices in time $O(n)$.
Quantitative structure–permeability relationships at various pH values for acidic and basic drugs and drug-like compounds
Creators: name: M. Oja
name: U. Maran
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biological Sciences
Chemistry
Earth and Environmental Sciences
Pharmacology
Cell Biology
Biochemistry
Biophysics

description: Absorption in gastrointestinal tract compartments varies and is largely influenced by pH. Therefore, considering pH in studies and analyses of membrane permeability provides an opportunity to gain a better understanding of the behaviour of compounds and to obtain good permeability estimates for prediction purposes. This study concentrates on relationships between the chemical structure and membrane permeability of acidic and basic drugs and drug-like compounds. The membrane permeability of 36 acidic and 61 basic compounds was measured using the parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA) at pH 3, 5, 7.4 and 9. Descriptive and/or predictive single-parameter quantitative structure-permeability relationships were derived for all pH values. For acidic compounds, membrane permeability is mainly influenced by hydrogen bond donor properties, as revealed by models with r2 > 0.8 for pH 3 and pH 5. For basic compounds, the best (r2 > 0.7) structure–permeability relationships are obtained with the octanol–water distribution coefficient for pH 7.4 and pH 9, indicating the importance of partition properties. In addition to the validation set, the prediction quality of the developed models was tested with folic acid and astemizole, showing good matches between experimental and calculated membrane permeabilities at key pHs. Selected QSAR models are available at the QsarDB repository (http://dx.doi.org/10.15152/QDB.166).
Transient Behavior near Liquid-Gas Interface at Supercritical Pressure
Creators: name: Poblador-Ibanez, Jordi
name: Sirignano, William A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical heat and mass transfer analysis of a configuration where a cool liquid hydrocarbon is suddenly introduced to a hotter gas at supercritical pressure shows that a well-defined phase equilibrium can be established before substantial growth of typical hydrodynamic instabilities. The equilibrium values at the interface quickly reach near-steady values. Sufficiently thick diffusion layers form quickly around the liquid-gas interface (e.g., 3-10 microns for the liquid phase and 10-30 microns for the gas phase in 10-100 microseconds), where density variations become increasingly important with pressure as mixing of species is enhanced. While the hydrocarbon vaporizes and the gas condenses for all analyzed pressures, the net mass flux across the interface reverses as pressure is increased, showing that a clear vaporization-driven problem at low pressures may present condensation at higher pressures. This is achieved while heat still conducts from gas to liquid. Analysis of fundamental thermodynamic laws on a fixed-mass element containing the diffusion layers proves the thermodynamic viability of the obtained results.
description: Submitted for publication in International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer. 29 pages, 18 figures
Land-Cover Classification with High-Resolution Remote Sensing Images Using Transferable Deep Models
Creators: name: Tong, Xin-Yi
name: Xia, Gui-Song
name: Lu, Qikai
name: Shen, Huanfeng
name: Li, Shengyang
name: You, Shucheng
name: Zhang, Liangpei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, large amount of high spatial-resolution remote sensing (HRRS) images are available for land-cover mapping. However, due to the complex information brought by the increased spatial resolution and the data disturbances caused by different conditions of image acquisition, it is often difficult to find an efficient method for achieving accurate land-cover classification with high-resolution and heterogeneous remote sensing images. In this paper, we propose a scheme to apply deep model obtained from labeled land-cover dataset to classify unlabeled HRRS images. The main idea is to rely on deep neural networks for presenting the contextual information contained in different types of land-covers and propose a pseudo-labeling and sample selection scheme for improving the transferability of deep models. More precisely, a deep Convolutional Neural Networks is first pre-trained with a well-annotated land-cover dataset, referred to as the source data. Then, given a target image with no labels, the pre-trained CNN model is utilized to classify the image in a patch-wise manner. The patches with high confidence are assigned with pseudo-labels and employed as the queries to retrieve related samples from the source data. The pseudo-labels confirmed with the retrieved results are regarded as supervised information for fine-tuning the pre-trained deep model. To obtain a pixel-wise land-cover classification with the target image, we rely on the fine-tuned CNN and develop a hybrid classification by combining patch-wise classification and hierarchical segmentation. In addition, we create a large-scale land-cover dataset containing 150 Gaofen-2 satellite images for CNN pre-training. Experiments on multi-source HRRS images show encouraging results and demonstrate the applicability of the proposed scheme to land-cover classification.
Combined ab initio and empirical model of the thermal conductivity of uranium, uranium-zirconium, and uranium-molybdenum
Creators: name: Zhou, Shuxiang
name: Jacobs, Ryan
name: Xie, Wei
name: Tea, Eric
name: Hin, Celine
name: Morgan, Dane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we developed a practical and general modeling approach for thermal conductivity of metals and metal alloys that integrates ab initio and semiempirical physics-based models to maximize the strengths of both techniques. The approach supports creation of highly accurate, mechanistic, and extensible thermal conductivity modeling of alloys. The model was demonstrated on α-U and U-rich U-Zr and U-Mo alloys, which are potential fuels for advanced nuclear reactors. The safe use of U-based fuels requires quantitative understanding of thermal transport characteristics of the fuel. The model incorporated both phonon and electron contributions, displayed good agreement with experimental data over a wide temperature range, and provided insight into the different physical factors that govern the thermal conductivity under different temperatures. This model is general enough to incorporate more complex effects like additional alloying species, defects, transmutation products, and noble gas bubbles to predict the behavior of complex metallic alloys like U-alloy fuel systems under burnup.
XAI Beyond Classification: Interpretable Neural Clustering
Creators: name: Peng, Xi
name: Li, Yunnan
name: Tsang, Ivor W.
name: Zhu, Hongyuan
name: Lv, Jiancheng
name: Zhou, Joey Tianyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we study two challenging problems in explainable AI (XAI) and data clustering. The first is how to directly design a neural network with inherent interpretability, rather than giving post-hoc explanations of a black-box model. The second is implementing discrete $k$-means with a differentiable neural network that embraces the advantages of parallel computing, online clustering, and clustering-favorable representation learning. To address these two challenges, we design a novel neural network, which is a differentiable reformulation of the vanilla $k$-means, called inTerpretable nEuraL cLustering (TELL). Our contributions are threefold. First, to the best of our knowledge, most existing XAI works focus on supervised learning paradigms. This work is one of the few XAI studies on unsupervised learning, in particular, data clustering. Second, TELL is an interpretable, or the so-called intrinsically explainable and transparent model. In contrast, most existing XAI studies resort to various means for understanding a black-box model with post-hoc explanations. Third, from the view of data clustering, TELL possesses many properties highly desired by $k$-means, including but not limited to online clustering, plug-and-play module, parallel computing, and provable convergence. Extensive experiments show that our method achieves superior performance comparing with 14 clustering approaches on three challenging data sets. The source code could be accessed at \url{www.pengxi.me}.
description: 28 pages
Eigenvalues of Cayley graphs
Creators: name: Liu, Xiaogang
name: Zhou, Sanming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C50, 05C25

description: We survey some of the known results on eigenvalues of Cayley graphs and their applications, together with related results on eigenvalues of Cayley digraphs and generalizations of Cayley graphs.
description: The final version
Mean values of arithmetic functions in short intervals and in arithmetic progressions in the large-degree limit
Creators: name: Gorodetsky, Ofir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A classical problem in number theory is showing that the mean value of an arithmetic function is asymptotic to its mean value over a short interval or over an arithmetic progression, with the interval as short as possible or the modulus as large as possible. We study this problem in the function field setting, and prove for a wide class of arithmetic functions (namely factorization functions), that such an asymptotic result holds, allowing the size of the short interval to be as small as a square-root of the size of the full interval, and analogously for arithmetic progressions. For instance, our results apply for the indicator function of polynomials with a divisor of given degree, and are much stronger than those known for the analogous function over the integers. As opposed to many previous works, our results apply in the \emph{large-degree limit}, where the base field $\mathbb{F}_q$ is fixed. Our proofs are based on relationships between certain character sums and symmetric functions, and in particular we use results from symmetric function theory due to Eğecioğlu and Remmel. We also use recent bounds of Bhowmick, Lê and Liu on character sums, which are in the spirit of the Drinfeld--Vlăduţ bound.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure. Updated title, typos fixed. Accepted version
$U(1)$ gauge vector field on a codimension-2 brane
Creators: name: Fu, Chun-E
name: Zhong, Yuan
name: Liu, Yu-Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we obtain a gauge invariant effective action for a bulk massless $U(1)$ gauge vector field on a brane with codimension two by using a general Kaluza-Klein (KK) decomposition for the field. It suggests that there exist two types of scalar KK modes to keep the gauge invariance of the action for the massive vector KK modes. Both the vector and scalar KK modes can be massive. The masses of the vector KK modes $m^{(n)}$ contain two parts, $m_{1}^{(n)}$ and $m_{2}^{(n)}$, due to the existence of the two extra dimensions. The masses of the two types of scalar KK modes $m_ϕ^{(n)}$ and $m_φ^{(n)}$ are related to the vector ones, i.e., $m_ϕ^{(n)}=m_{1}^{(n)}$ and $m_φ^{(n)}=m_{2}^{(n)}$. Moreover, we derive two Schrödinger-like equations for the vector KK modes, for which the effective potentials are just the functions of the warp factor.
description: 15 pages,no figures, accepted by JHEP
Rational Krylov methods for functions of matrices with applications to fractional partial differential equations
Creators: name: Aceto, Lidia
name: Bertaccini, Daniele
name: Durastante, Fabio
name: Novati, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65f60, 35r11, 65d32

description: In this paper, we propose a new choice of poles to define reliable rational Krylov methods. These methods are used for approximating function of positive definite matrices. In particular, the fractional power and the fractional resolvent are considered because of their importance in the numerical solution of fractional partial differential equations. The results of the numerical experiments we have carried out on some fractional models confirm that the proposed approach is promising.
Quantitative Analysis of Effects of UV Exposure and Spore Cluster Size on Deposition and Inhalation Hazards of Bacillus Spores
Creators: name: F. A. Handler
name: Edmonds, Jason M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Genetics
subject: Microbiology
subject: Biophysics

description: Reviews of the effects of solar UV radiation on the survival rate of aerosolized biological material found that the current understanding of environmental viability degradation in response scenarios is insufficient to inform appropriate emergency response measures. We evaluated the effects of UV degradation, in terms of the number of viable, culture forming units as a function of spore cluster size on the downwind hazard presented by a release of a biological organism such as Bacillus anthracis into the environment. We used experimentally derived survival rates for B. atrophaeus var. globigii (BG) spores and BG spore clusters, (as a surrogate for Bacillus anthracis) of various sizes exposed to UVC fluencies to derive predicted survival rates for single spores and spore clusters of up to 10 µm. For the range of weather conditions encountered in hazard estimates, as characterized by Pasquill-Gifford-Turner classes, we calculated and compared the downwind inhalation and deposition hazards for single spores versus 10 μm spore clusters based on standard plume dispersion and particle deposition models. These models can be used to predict survival rates for solar exposure taking into account differences in plume depletion due to deposition, and differences in dose-response due to particle size. The combined effects of solar degradation and size dependent deposition resulted in 10 μm clusters presenting from a few to up to 10 orders of magnitude greater hazards than single spores depending on meteorological conditions and downwind distance.
Quantum critical behaviour and Lifshitz transition in intermediate valence $α$-YbAlB$_4$
Creators: name: Grbić, Mihael S.
name: O'Farrell, Eoin C. T.
name: Matsumoto, Yosuke
name: Kuga, Kentaro
name: Brando, Manuel
name: Küchler, Robert
name: Nevidomskyy, Andriy H.
name: Yoshida, Makoto
name: Sakakibara, Toshiro
name: Kono, Yohei
name: Shimura, Yasuyuki
name: Sutherland, Michael L.
name: Takigawa, Masashi
name: Nakatsuji, Satoru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intermetallic compounds containing $f$-electron elements have been prototypical materials for investigating strong electron correlations and quantum criticality (QC). Their heavy fermion ground state evoked by the magnetic $f$-electrons is susceptible to the onset of quantum phases, such as magnetism or superconductivity, due to the enhanced effective mass ($m^{*}$) and a corresponding decrease of the Fermi temperature. However, the presence of $f$-electron valence fluctuations to a non-magnetic state is regarded an anathema to QC, as it usually generates a paramagnetic Fermi-liquid state with quasiparticles of moderate $m^{*}$. Such systems are typically isotropic, with a characteristic energy scale $T_0$ of the order of hundreds of kelvins that require large magnetic fields or pressures to promote a valence or magnetic instability. Here we show that the intermediate valence compound $α$-YbAlB$_4$ surprisingly exhibits both quantum critical behaviour and a Lifshitz transition under low magnetic field, which is attributed to the anisotropy of the hybridization between the conduction and localized $f$-electrons. These findings suggest a new route to bypass the large valence energy scale in developing the QC.
description: 18 pages, 15 figures (3 panels)
Polarization diversity close to the optical bound states in the continuum
Creators: name: Ye, Weimin
name: Gao, Yang
name: Liu, Jianlong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bound states in the continuum (BICs) realized in two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystal slabs (PhCSs) have attracted considerable attentions, owing to the advantages in the fabrications and on-chip applications. The polarization vortex centered at BICs in the momentum space displayed by the linear polarization vectors of far-field radiation is a striking property of BICs. Here, by constructing BICs at K point in photonic graphenes, we theoretically demonstrate that the far-field polarization states close to BICs can exhibit remarkable polarization diversity. Interestingly, C-points (circular polarizations) close to BIC at K point are observed. Thus, we propose that, along a closed loop enclosing BICs in the momentum space, the trajectory of the far-field polarization states on the shell of the Poincare sphere could provide a general and straightforward means to characterize the topological natures of BICs. The topological charge carried by the BIC can be defined by the half of the winding number of the trajectory around the S3 axis, which is an integer and half integer for the non-degenerate and double-degenerate BICs at K point, respectively. Our findings could open a gateway towards the applications of BICs in lasers with full polarizations and the generation and manipulation of vector beams of light.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
The $\partial\bar{\partial}$-lemma under surjective maps
Creators: name: Meng, Lingxu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32Q99

description: We consider the $\partial\bar{\partial}$-lemma for complex manifolds under surjective holomorphic maps. Furthermore, using Deligne-Griffiths-Morgan-Sullivan's theorem, we prove that a product compact complex manifold satisfies the $\partial\bar{\partial}$-lemma if and only if so do all its components.
description: 11 pages. The original paper is titled with "Three theorems on the $\partial\bar{\partial}$-lemma", which has been broken up into several parts. The present paper is one part of it. Other parts are divided into arXiv:1904.08561 and arXiv:2010.03102
A physics-informed reinforcement learning approach for the interfacial area transport in two-phase flow
Creators: name: Dang, Zhuoran
name: Ishii, Mamoru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The prediction of interfacial structure in two-phase flow systems is difficult and challenging. In this paper, a novel physics-informed reinforcement learning-aided framework (PIRLF) for the interfacial area transport is proposed. A Markov Decision Process that describes the bubble transport is established by assuming that the development of two-phase flow is a stochastic process with Markov property. The framework aims to capture the complexity of two-phase flow using the advantage of reinforcement learning (RL) in discovering complex patterns with the help of the physical model (Interfacial Area Transport Equation) as reference. The details of the framework design are described including the design of the environment and the algorithm used in solving the RL problem. The performance of the PIRLF is tested through experiments using the experimental database for vertical upward bubbly air-water flows. The result shows a good performance of PIRLF with rRMSE of 6.556%. The case studies on the PIRLF performance also show that the type of reward function that is related to the physical model can affect the framework performance. Based on the study, the optimal reward function is established. The approaches to extending the capability of PIRLF are discussed, which can be a reference for the further development of this methodology.
The First Maps of $κ_{d}$ -- the Dust Mass Absorption Coefficient -- in Nearby Galaxies, with DustPedia
Creators: name: Clark, Christopher J. R.
name: De Vis, Pieter
name: Baes, Maarten
name: Bianchi, Simone
name: Casasola, Viviana
name: Cassarà, Letizia P.
name: Davies, Jonathan I.
name: Dobbels, Wouter
name: Lianou, Sofia
name: De Looze, Ilse
name: Evans, Ruth
name: Galametz, Maud
name: Galliano, Frederic
name: Jones, Anthony P.
name: Madden, Suzanne C.
name: Mosenkov, Alexander V.
name: Verstocken, Sam
name: Viaene, Sébastien
name: Xilouris, E. Manolis
name: Ysard, Nathalie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dust mass absorption coefficient, $κ_{d}$, is the conversion function used to infer physical dust masses from observations of dust emission. However, it is notoriously poorly constrained, and it is highly uncertain how it varies, either between or within galaxies. Here we present the results of a proof-of concept study, using the DustPedia data for two nearby face-on spiral galaxies M74 (NGC 628) and M83 (NGC 5236), to create the first ever maps of $κ_{d}$ in galaxies. We determine $κ_{d}$ using an empirical method that exploits the fact that the dust-to-metals ratio of the interstellar medium is constrained by direct measurements of the depletion of gas-phase metals. We apply this method pixel-by-pixel within M74 and M83, to create maps of $κ_{d}$. We also demonstrate a novel method of producing metallicity maps for galaxies with irregularly-sampled measurements, using the machine learning technique of Gaussian process regression. We find strong evidence for significant variation in $κ_{d}$. We find values of $κ_{d}$ at 500 $μ$m spanning the range 0.11-0.25 ${\rm m^{2}\,kg^{-1}}$ in M74, and 0.15-0.80 ${\rm m^{2}\,kg^{-1}}$ in M83. Surprisingly, we find that $κ_{d}$ shows a distinct inverse correlation with the local density of the interstellar medium. This inverse correlation is the opposite of what is predicted by standard dust models. However, we find this relationship to be robust against a large range of changes to our method - only the adoption of unphysical or highly unusual assumptions would be able to suppress it.
description: Corrected typographical error in Equation A1, as per erratum accepted by MNRAS on 20th April 2022. No results or conclusions effected by the error, or by this correction
Efficacy and Safety of Umeclidinium Added to Fluticasone Propionate/Salmeterol in Patients with COPD: Results of Two Randomized, Double-Blind Studies
Creators: name: Siler, Thomas M.
name: Kerwin, Edward
name: Singletary, Karen
name: Brooks, Jean
name: Church, Alison
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Chemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Physiology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Medicine

description: Combinations of drugs with distinct and complementary mechanisms of action may offer improved efficacy in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In two 12-week, double-blind, parallel-group studies, patients with COPD were randomized 1:1:1 to once-daily umeclidinium (UMEC; 62.5 μg and 125 μg) or placebo (PBO), added to twice-daily fluticasone propionate/salmeterol (FP/SAL; 250/50 μg). In both studies, the primary efficacy measure was trough forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) at Day 85. Secondary endpoints were weighted-mean (WM) FEV1 over 0–6 hours post-dose (Day 84) and rescue albuterol use. Health-related quality of life outcomes (St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire [SGRQ] and COPD assessment test [CAT]) were also examined. Safety was assessed throughout. Both UMEC+FP/SAL doses provided statistically significant improvements in trough FEV1 (Day 85: 0.127–0.148 L) versus PBO+FP/SAL. Similarly, both UMEC+FP/SAL doses provided statistically-significant improvements in 0–6 hours post-dose WM FEV1versus PBO+FP/SAL (Day 84: 0.144–0.165 L). Rescue use over Weeks 1–12 decreased with UMEC+FP/SAL in both studies versus PBO+FP/SAL (Study 1, 0.3 puffs/day [both doses]; Study 2, 0.5 puffs/day [UMEC 125+FP/SAL]). Decreases from baseline in CAT score were generally larger for both doses of UMEC+FP/SAL versus PBO+FP/SAL (except for Day 84 Study 2). In Study 1, no differences in SGRQ score were observed between UMEC+FP/SAL and PBO+FP/SAL; however, in Study 2, statistically significant improvements were observed with UMEC 62.5+FP/SAL (Day 28) and UMEC 125+FP/SAL (Days 28 and 84) versus PBO+FP/SAL. The incidence of on-treatment adverse events across all treatment groups was 37–41% in Study 1 and 36–38% in Study 2. Overall, these data indicate that the combination of UMEC+FP/SAL can provide additional benefits over FP/SAL alone in patients with COPD.