cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Comment on evidence for new interference phenomena in the decay D+ -> K- pi+ mu+ nu
Creators: name: Ananthanarayan, B.
name: Shivaraj, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The experimental determination of low energy pi K scattering phase shifts would assist in determining scattering lengths as well as low energy constants of chiral perturbation theory for which sum rules have been constructed. The FOCUS collaboration has presented evidence for interference pheomena from their analysis of D_l4 decays based on decay amplitudes suitable for a cascade decay D -> K* -> K pi. We point out that if the well-known full five body kinematics are taken into account, pi K scattering phases may be extracted. We also point out that other distributions considered in the context of K_l4 decays can be applied to charm meson decays to provide constraints on violation of |Delta I|=1/2 rule and T-violation.
description: 9 pages, plain latex; version with minor changes compared to v1 on lepton masses effects, sign error eliminated, clarifying remarks added, one additional ref.; version to appear in Phys. Lett. B
Superradiance as single scattering embedded in an effective medium
Creators: name: Weiss, P.
name: Cipris, A.
name: Kaiser, R.
name: Sokolov, I. M.
name: Guerin, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an optical picture of linear-optics superradiance, based on a single scattering event embedded in a dispersive effective medium composed by the other atoms. This linear-dispersion theory is valid at low density and in the single-scattering regime, i.e., when the exciting field is largely detuned. The comparison with the coupled-dipole model shows a perfect agreement for the superradiant decay rate. Then we use two advantages of this approach. First we make a direct comparison with experimental data, without any free parameter, and show a good quantitative agreement. Second, we address the problem of moving atoms, which can be efficiently simulated by adding the Doppler broadening to the theory. In particular, we discuss how to recover superradiance at high temperature.
title: A pszichológia jövője : Spekulatív gondolatok
Creators: name: Pléh, Csaba
Publisher: name: Eötvös Loránd Tudományegyetem Pedagógiai és Pszichológiai Kar
Year: 2021

description: Alkalmazott Pszichológia, vol. 21. issue 3. ISSN 1419-872X
Algebraic spin liquid as the mother of many competing orders
Creators: name: Hermele, Michael
name: Senthil, T.
name: Fisher, Matthew P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the properties of a class of two-dimensional interacting critical states -- dubbed algebraic spin liquids -- that can arise in two-dimensional quantum magnets. A particular example that we focus on is the staggered flux spin liquid, which plays a key role in some theories of underdoped cuprate superconductors. We show that the low-energy theory of such states has much higher symmetry than the underlying microscopic spin system. This symmetry has remarkable consequences, leading in particular to the unification of a number of seemingly unrelated competing orders. The correlations of these orders -- including, in the staggered flux state, the Neel vector and the order parameter for the columnar and box valence-bond solid states -- all exhibit the SAME slow power-law decay. Implications for experiments in the pseudogap regime of the cuprates and for numerical calculations on model systems are discussed.
description: Minor changes; final published version. 17 pages, 3 figures
Slowly rotating black holes in Quasi-topological gravity
Creators: name: Fierro, Octavio
name: Mora, Nicolas
name: Oliva, Julio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While cubic Quasi-topological gravity is unique, there is a family of quartic Quasi-topological gravities in five dimensions. These theories are defined by leading to a first order equation on spherically symmetric spacetimes, resembling the structure of the equations of Lovelock theories in higher-dimensions, and are also ghost free around AdS. Here we construct slowly rotating black holes in these theories, and show that the equations for the off-diagonal components of the metric in the cubic theory are automatically of second order, while imposing this as a restriction on the quartic theories allows to partially remove the degeneracy of these theories, leading to a three-parameter family of Lagrangians of order four in the Riemann tensor. This shows that the parallel with Lovelock theory observed on spherical symmetry, extends to the realm of slowly rotating solutions. In the quartic case, the equations for the slowly rotating black hole are obtained from a consistent, reduced action principle. These functions admit a simple integration in terms of quadratures. Finally, in order to go beyond the slowly rotating regime, we explore the consistency of the Kerr-Schild ansatz in cubic Quasi-topological gravity. Requiring the spacetime to asymptotically match with the rotating black hole in GR, for equal oblateness parameters, the Kerr-Schild deformation of an AdS vacuum, does not lead to a solution for generic values of the coupling. This result suggests that in order to have solutions with finite rotation in Quasi-topological gravity, one must go beyond the Kerr-Schild ansatz.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures. V2: title changed as requested by PRD referee. Abstract modified to emphasize the no-go result in Kerr-Schild ansatz
Gravitational dark matter production: primordial black holes and UV freeze-in
Creators: name: Bernal, Nicolás
name: Zapata, Óscar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark matter (DM) interacting only gravitationally with the standard model could have been produced in the early universe by Hawking evaporation of primordial black holes (PBH). This mechanism is viable in a large range of DM mass, spanning up to the Planck scale. However, DM is also unavoidably produced by the irreducible UV gravitational freeze-in. We show that the latter mechanism sets strong bounds, excluding large regions of the parameter space favored by PBH production.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. V2: matches accepted version in PLB
Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen correlations of vector bosons
Creators: name: Caban, Paweł
name: Rembieliński, Jakub
name: Włodarczyk, Marta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the joint probabilities and the correlation function in Einstein--Podolsky--Rosen type experiments with a massive vector boson in the framework of quantum field theory. We report on the strange behavior of the correlation function (and the probabilities) -- the correlation function, which in the relativistic case still depends on the particle momenta, for some fixed configurations has local extrema. We also show that relativistic spin-1 particles violate some Bell inequalities more than nonrelativistic ones and that the degree of violation of the Bell inequality is momentum dependent.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
All-loop-orders relation between Regge limits of ${\cal N}=4$ SYM and ${\cal N}=8$ supergravity four-point amplitudes
Creators: name: Naculich, Stephen G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine in detail the structure of the Regge limit of the (nonplanar) ${\cal N}=4$ SYM four-point amplitude. We begin by developing a basis of color factors $C_{ik}$ suitable for the Regge limit of the amplitude at any loop order, and then calculate explicitly the coefficients of the amplitude in that basis through three-loop order using the Regge limit of the full amplitude previously calculated by Henn and Mistlberger. We compute these coefficients exactly at one loop, through ${\cal O} (ε^2)$ at two loops, and through ${\cal O} (ε^0)$ at three loops, verifying that the IR-divergent pieces are consistent with (the Regge limit of) the expected infrared divergence structure, including a contribution from the three-loop correction to the dipole formula. We also verify consistency with the IR-finite NLL and NNLL predictions of Caron-Huot et al. Finally we use these results to motivate the conjecture of an all-orders relation between one of the coefficients and the Regge limit of the ${\cal N} =8$ supergravity four-point amplitude.
description: 34 pages; v2: clarification added, minor typos corrected, published version
Leptogenesis from Spin-Gravity Coupling Following Inflation
Creators: name: Mohanty, Subhendra
name: Prasanna, A. R.
name: Lambiase, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The energy levels of the left and the right handed neutrinos is split in the background of gravitational waves generated during inflation which in presence of lepton number violating interactions gives rise to a net lepton asymmetry at equilibrium. Lepton number violation is achieved by the same dimension five operator which gives rise to neutrino masses after electro-weak symmetry breaking. A net baryon asymmetry of the same magnitude can be generated from this lepton asymmetry by electroweak sphaleron processes.
description: Journal version (accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett.)
Braid Topologies for Quantum Computation
Creators: name: Bonesteel, N. E.
name: Hormozi, Layla
name: Zikos, Georgios
name: Simon, Steven H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In topological quantum computation, quantum information is stored in states which are intrinsically protected from decoherence, and quantum gates are carried out by dragging particle-like excitations (quasiparticles) around one another in two space dimensions. The resulting quasiparticle trajectories define world-lines in three dimensional space-time, and the corresponding quantum gates depend only on the topology of the braids formed by these world-lines. We show how to find braids that yield a universal set of quantum gates for qubits encoded using a specific kind of quasiparticle which is particularly promising for experimental realization.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, minor revisions
The theory of cosmic-ray scattering on pre-existing MHD modes meets data
Creators: name: Fornieri, Ottavio
name: Gaggero, Daniele
name: Cerri, Silvio Sergio
name: Luque, Pedro De la Torre
name: Gabici, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive study about the phenomenological implications of the theory describing Galactic cosmic-ray scattering onto magnetosonic and Alfvénic fluctuations in the $\mathrm{GeV} - \mathrm{PeV}$ domain. We compute a set of diffusion coefficients from first principles, for different values of the Alfvénic Mach number and other relevant parameters associated to both the Galactic halo and the extended disk, taking into account the different damping mechanisms of turbulent fluctuations acting in these environments. We confirm that the scattering rate associated to Alfvénic turbulence is highly suppressed if the anisotropy of the cascade is taken into account. On the other hand, we highlight that magnetosonic modes play a dominant role in Galactic confinement of cosmic rays up to $\mathrm{PeV}$ energies. We implement the diffusion coefficients in the numerical framework of the {\tt DRAGON} code, and simulate the equilibrium spectrum of different primary and secondary cosmic-ray species. We show that, for reasonable choices of the parameters under consideration, all primary and secondary fluxes at high energy (above a rigidity of $\simeq 200 \, \mathrm{GV}$) are correctly reproduced within our framework, in both normalization and slope.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication on MNRAS
Magnetic Excitations in the Quasi-1D Ising-like Antiferromagnet TlCoCl$_3$
Creators: name: Oosawa, A.
name: Nishiwaki, Y.
name: Kato, T.
name: Kakurai, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron inelastic scattering measurements have been performed in order to investigate the magnetic excitations in the quasi-1D Ising-like antiferromagnet TlCoCl$_3$. We observed the magnetic excitation, which corresponds to the spin-wave excitation continuum corresponding to the domain-wall pair excitation in the 1D Ising-like antiferromagnet. According to the Ishimura-Shiba theory, we analyzed the observed spin-wave excitation, and the exchange constant $2J$ and the anistropy $ε$ were estimated as 14.7 meV and 0.14 in TlCoCl$_3$, respectively.
description: 2 pages, 3 figures, jpsj2.cls, to be published in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. Vol.75 (2006) No. 1
Topology of the energy landscape of sheared amorphous solids and the irreversibility transition
Creators: name: Regev, Ido
name: Attia, Ido
name: Dahmen, Karin
name: Sastry, Srikanth
name: Mungan, Muhittin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments and simulations of amorphous solids plastically deformed by oscillatory drive have foundsurprising behavior - for small strain amplitudes the dynamics can be reversible, which is contrary to the usual notion of plasticity as an irreversible form of deformation. This reversibility allows the system to reach limit-cycles in which plastic events repeat indefinitely under the oscillatory drive. Reaching reversible limit-cycles, can take a large number of driving cycles and it was surmised that the plastic events encountered during the transient period are not encountered again and are thus irreversible. Using a graph representation of the stable configurations of the system and the plastic events connecting them, we show that the notion of reversibility is more subtle. We find that reversible plastic events are abundant, and that a large portion of the plastic events encountered during the transient period are actually reversible, in the sense that they can be part of a reversible deformation path. We observe that the transition graph can be decomposed into clusters of configurations that are connected by reversible transitions. These clusters are the strongly connected components of the graph and their sizes turn out to be power-law distributed. The largest of these are grouped in regions of reversibility, which in turn are confined by regions of irreversibility whose number proliferates at larger strains. Our results provide an explanation for the irreversibility transition - the divergence of the transient period at a critical forcing amplitude. Long transients result from transition between clusters of reversibility in a search for a cluster large enough to contain a limit-cycle of a specific amplitude. For large enough amplitudes, the search time becomes very large, since sizes of the limit cycles become incompatible with the sizes of the regions of reversibility.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures. Revised version with figures regrouped and two figures added
Multilayer epoxy/GO/silane/Nb2C nanocomposite: a promising coating material for the aerospace applications
Creators: name: Xavier, Joseph Raj
name: Srinivasan, S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: The incorporation of N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (AEAPMS) modified Nb2C into graphene oxide (GO) results in the GO-AEAPMS/Nb2C nanofillers which are dispersed in the epoxy resin (EP). Electrochemical techniques, such as scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) and Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were used to assess the protective effects of EP coating on AA8019 in the presence of various amount of GO/AEAPMS-Nb2C in seawater. It was established that 0.6 was the optimal weight percentage of GO-AEAPMS/Nb2C in the epoxy matrix, resulting in an excellent coating performance. The coating resistance of EP-GO/AEAPMS-Nb2C was over 70.6 times greater than plain coating. Even after spending 960 h exposed in seawater, the EP-GO/AEAPMS-Nb2C nanocomposite demonstrated improved coating resistance (10,366 kΩ·cm2) according to EIS tests. The least amount of Al3+ ions were discharged (1.1 I/nA), according to SECM measurements, at the scratch of the EP-GO/AEAPMS-Nb2C coating due to the coated substrate’s better resistance to anodic dissipation. The corrosion resistance of the substrates was increased by carbide coatings, however, due to the porosity of the EP-Nb2C coatings and the roughness of the coating-substrate interface, the corrosion resistance of these layers reduced after 960 h of exposure to the seawater. According to Field emission scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FE-SEM/EDX) investigation, the Nb2C was discovered in the rusted components, generating an exceptional inert coating at the surface. The results showed that the newly formed EP-GO/AEAPMS-Nb2C composite has enhanced barrier capabilities and hydrophobic qualities with water contact angle (WCA) of 157°. When GO-AEAPMS/Nb2C was introduced, the epoxy matrix’s mechanical properties are improved (Adhesion strength: 27.3 MPa) and (Microhardness: 3990 MPa). The EP-GO/AEAPMS-Nb2C nanocomposite may therefore be utilized as a coating material in aerospace industries.
Multi-frequency Polarization Imaging of Blazars with Cyclic Activity
Creators: name: Pyatunina, T. B.
name: Gabuzda, D. C.
name: Jorstad, S. G.
name: Aller, M. F.
name: Aller, H. D.
name: Terasranta, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results of multi-frequency VLBA polarization imaging for sources showing evidence of quasi-periodic variations in their total flux density are discussed. Possible origins of the observed behavior are proposed.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures, to appear in "Future Directions in High Resolution Astronomy: The 10th Anniversary of the VLBA" J.D. Romney & M.J. Reid (eds.)
Tele-operative Robotic Lung Ultrasound Scanning Platform for Triage of COVID-19 Patients
Creators: name: Tsumura, Ryosuke
name: Hardin, John W.
name: Bimbraw, Keshav
name: Odusanya, Olushola S.
name: Zheng, Yihao
name: Hill, Jeffrey C.
name: Hoffmann, Beatrice
name: Soboyejo, Winston
name: Zhang, Haichong K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a pandemic of epic proportions and a global response to prepare health systems worldwide is of utmost importance. In addition to its cost-effectiveness in a resources-limited setting, lung ultrasound (LUS) has emerged as a rapid noninvasive imaging tool for the diagnosis of COVID-19 infected patients. Concerns surrounding LUS include the disparity of infected patients and healthcare providers, relatively small number of physicians and sonographers capable of performing LUS, and most importantly, the requirement for substantial physical contact between the patient and operator, increasing the risk of transmission. Mitigation of the spread of the virus is of paramount importance. A 2-dimensional (2D) tele-operative robotic platform capable of performing LUS in for COVID-19 infected patients may be of significant benefit. The authors address the aforementioned issues surrounding the use of LUS in the application of COVID- 19 infected patients. In addition, first time application, feasibility and safety were validated in three healthy subjects, along with 2D image optimization and comparison for overall accuracy. Preliminary results demonstrate that the proposed platform allows for successful acquisition and application of LUS in humans.
description: The demonstration video of our robotic platform can be watched below the link
Deletion of imperfect cloned copies
Creators: name: Adhikari, Satyabrata
name: Choudhury, Binayak. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we design a deleting machine and shown that for some given condition on machine parameters, it gives slightly better result than P-B deleting machine [5,6]. Also it is shown that for some particular values of the machine parameters it acts like Pati-Braunstein deleting machine. We also study the combined effect of cloning and deleting machine, where at first the cloning is done by some standard cloning machines such as Wootters-Zurek [1] and Buzek-Hillery [2] cloning machine and then the copy mode is deleted by Pati-Braunstein deleting machine or our prescribed deleting machine. After that we examine the distortion of the input state and the fidelity of deletion .
description: 10 Pages
Topological transitions to Weyl states in bulk Bi$_2$Se$_3$: Effect of hydrostatic pressure and doping
Creators: name: Saha, Sudip Kumar
name: Banerjee, Hrishit
name: Kumar, Manoranjan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bi$_2$Se$_3$, a layered three dimensional (3D) material, exhibits topological insulating properties due to presence of surface states and a band gap of 0.3 eV in the bulk. We study the effect hydrostatic pressure $P$ and doping with rare earth elements on the topological aspect of this material in bulk from a first principles perspective. Our study shows that under a moderate pressure of P$>$7.9 GPa, the bulk electronic properties show a transition from an insulating to a Weyl semi-metal state due to band inversion. This electronic topological transition may be correlated to a structural change from a layered van der Waals material to a 3D system observed at $P$=7.9 GPa. At large $P$ density of states have significant value at the Fermi-energy. Intercalating Gd with a small doping fraction between Bi$_2$Se$_3$ layers drives the system to a metallic anti-ferromagnetic state, with Weyl nodes below the Fermi-energy. At the Weyl nodes time reversal symmetry is broken due to finite local field induced by large magnetic moments on Gd atoms. However, substituting Bi with Gd induces anti-ferromagnetic order with an increased direct band gap. Our study provides novel approaches to tune topological transitions, particularly in capturing the elusive Weyl semimetal states, in 3D topological materials.
The electron energy spectrum in muon decay through O(alpha^2)
Creators: name: Anastasiou, Charalampos
name: Melnikov, Kirill
name: Petriello, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the complete O(alpha^2) QED corrections to the electron energy spectrum in unpolarized muon decay, including the full dependence on the electron mass. Our calculation reduces the theoretical uncertainty on the electron energy spectrum well below 10^{-4}, the precision anticipated by the TWIST experiment at TRIUMF, which is currently performing this measurement. For this calculation, we extend techniques we have recently developed for performing next-to-next-to-leading order computations to handle the decay spectra of massive particles. Such an extension enables further applications to precision predictions for b, t, and Higgs differential decay rates.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures; reference added
Surface functionalization of poly(ether ether ketone) by wet-chemical modification with carboxylic acids and diamine
Creators: name: Zimmerer, Cordelia
name: Schwind, Manuel
name: Putzke, Sascha
name: Frenzel, Ralf
name: Drechsler, Astrid
name: Simon, Frank
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Polyaryletherketones (PAEK) are high-performance plastics with excellent mechanical properties and high thermal resistance used, e.g. as material for implants. Their molecular structure gives them a high level of chemical inertness but prevents bonding and adhesive interactions with other materials and integration into body tissue. Using the example of poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK), we show novel synthetic routes for wet-chemical modification of the surface to create reactive carboxylic and amino groups. In a first approach, the ketone functionalities of the PEEK molecules were reduced to hydroxy groups and subsequently esterified with carboxylic acids. Using dicarboxylic acids, one acid group was bonded covalently to the PEEK surface while the other provided free acidic functionalities. In a second approach, the PEEK surface was modified in one step by reaction of the ketone group with a diamine, creating primary amino groups on the PEEK surface. All reaction products were analyzed by a powerful combination of surface sensitive X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and advanced infrared spectroscopic methods.
title: East African Journal of Health Sciences, Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024): East African Journal of Health Sciences
title: East African Journal of Health Sciences
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: East African Journal Of Health Sciences
Publisher: name: East African Journal of Health Sciences
Year: 2024

description: Prevalence and factors associated with Abortion among pastoralist community in Ethiopia: Community-based cross-sectional study...832-841
Does integration of health survey bring cost effectiveness into evidence generation in post conflict settings of Tigray, Ethiopia?...798-808
Determinants of Early Implanon Removal Among Reproductive-Age Women in Ofla Woreda, Tigray Region, Northern Ethiopia: A Case-Control Study...842-848
Forced pregnancy: the Overlooked Consequences of War Rape in Tigray, Ethiopia...795-797
Reducing delays in seeking abortion among women who visit health facilities for safe abortion service in Mekelle City, Ethiopia: Pre-post interventional study...809-821
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Response Among Patients with Locally Advanced Breast Cancer at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia...822-831
Quantum gates and quantum algorithms with Clifford algebra technique
Creators: name: Gregoric, M.
name: Borstnik, N. S. Mankoc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use our Clifford algebra technique, that is nilpotents and projectors which are binomials of the Clifford algebra objects $γ^a$ with the property $\{γ^a,γ^b\}_+ = 2 η^{ab}$, for representing quantum gates and quantum algorithms needed in quantum computers in an elegant way. We identify $n$-qubits with spinor representations of the group SO(1,3) for a system of $n$ spinors. Representations are expressed in terms of products of projectors and nilpotents. An algorithm for extracting a particular information out of a general superposition of $2^n$ qubit states is presented. It reproduces for a particular choice of the initial state the Grover's algorithm.
description: 9 pages, revtex
Food Costs... From Farm to Retail in 1993
Creators: name: Dunham, Denis
name: Dunham, Denis
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: How much are food costs changing? Why? How much of the consumer food dollar goes to the farmer and how much to food processors and marketers? Because of great interest in these questions, Congress directed the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) to regularly study them and to report its findings. This bulletin provides the answers, relative to 1993 developments.
Threshold feedback control for a collective flashing ratchet: threshold dependence
Creators: name: Feito, M.
name: Cao, F. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We study the threshold control protocol for a collective flashing ratchet. In particular, we analyze the dependence of the current on the values of the thresholds. We have found analytical expressions for the small threshold dependence both for the few and for the many particle case. For few particles the current is a decreasing function of the thresholds, thus, the maximum current is reached for zero thresholds. In contrast, for many particles the optimal thresholds have a nonzero finite value. We have numerically checked the relation that allows to obtain the optimal thresholds for an infinite number of particles from the optimal period of the periodic protocol. These optimal thresholds for an infinite number of particles give good results for many particles. In addition, they also give good results for few particles due to the smooth dependence of the current up to these threshold values.
description: LaTeX, 10 pages, 7 figures, improved version to appear in Phys. Rev. E
Manifestation of aberrations in full-field optical coherence tomography
Creators: name: Barolle, Victor
name: Scholler, Jules
name: Mecê, Pedro
name: Chassot, Jean-Marie
name: Groux, Kassandra
name: Fink, Mathias
name: Boccara, A. Claude
name: Aubry, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a theoretical model for image formation in full-field optical coherence tomography (FFOCT). Because the spatial incoherence of the illumination acts as a virtual confocal pinhole in FFOCT, its imaging performance is equivalent to a scanning time-gated coherent confocal microscope. In agreement with optical experiments enabling a precise control of aberrations, FFOCT is shown to have nearly twice the resolution of standard imaging at moderate aberration level. Beyond a rigorous study on the sensitivity of FFOCT with respect to aberrations, this theoretical model paves the way towards an optimized design of adaptive optics and \rev{computational tools} for high-resolution and deep imaging of biological tissues.
description: 23 pages, 10 figures
Optimal reflection-free complex absorbing potentials for quantum propagation of wave packets
Creators: name: Shemer, Oded
name: Brisker, Daria
name: Moiseyev, Nimrod
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The conditions for optimal reflection-free complex-absorbing potentials (CAPs) are discussed. It is shown that the CAPs as derived from the smooth-exterior-scaling transformation of the Hamiltonian,[J. Phys. B. 31, 1431 (1998)], serve as optimal reflection-free CAPs (RF-CAPs) in wave-packet propagation calculations of open systems. The initial wave packet, can be located in the interaction region (as in half collision experiments) where the CAPs have vanished or in the asymptote where the absorbing potential non zero. As we show the optimal CAPs can be introduced also in the region where the physical potential has not vanished. The un-avoided reflections due to the use of finite number of grid points (or basis functions) are discussed. A simple way to reduce the "edge grid" reflection effect is described.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
Traditional recipe for arusĩ kamĩ (rice porridge)
Creators: name: Kayabi, Mu'ni
name: Kayabi, Reá
name: Lapierre, Myriam
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: Kawaiwete language

description: Recording with transcription. Told by Reá Kayabi. Part of the text was later transcribed by Myriam and a group of young women, with the help of Mu'ni Kayabi in the village of Capivara.
A concise review of Rydberg atom based quantum computation and quantum simulation
Creators: name: Wu, Xiaoling
name: Liang, Xinhui
name: Tian, Yaoqi
name: Yang, Fan
name: Chen, Cheng
name: Liu, Yong-Chun
name: Tey, Meng Khoon
name: You, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum information processing based on Rydberg atoms emerged as a promising direction two decades ago. Recent experimental and theoretical progresses have shined exciting light on this avenue. In this concise review, we will briefly introduce the basics of Rydberg atoms and their recent applications in associated areas of neutral atom quantum computation and simulation. We shall also include related discussions on quantum optics with Rydberg atomic ensembles, which are increasingly used to explore quantum computation and quantum simulation with photons.
description: This review briefly summarizes recent progresses on Rydberg atom-based quantum computation and quantum simulation
Quantum control of entangled photon-pair generation in electron-atom collisions driven by laser-synthesized free-electron wave packets
Creators: name: Goetz, R. Esteban
name: Bartschat, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an extension of coherent control using laser-synthesized free-electron matter waves. In contrast to coherent control schemes exploiting optical coherences to steer the dynamics of matter waves, we analyze the opposite and investigate the control of quantum light emission driven by laser-sculpted coherent free-electron matter waves. We apply this concept to the control of entangled photon-pair emission in electron-atom collisions, in which the incident electron wave packet, colliding with a target atom $B$, is engineered by interferometric resonantly-enhanced multiphoton ionization of a parent atom $A$. Each ionization pathway leads to electron wave packets that coherently interfere during temporal evolution in the continuum. Their mutual coherence can be controlled by adjusting the relative phases or time delays of the frequency components of the ionizing field contributing to the interfering pathways. We report coherent control of entangled photon-pair generation in radiative photo-cascade emission upon decay of the target atom after inelastic excitation triggered by the collision with the synthesized electron wave packet.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Electron beam studies of light collection in a scintillating counter with embedded fibers
Creators: name: Lauß, M.
name: Achenbach, P.
name: Aulenbacher, S.
name: Ball, M.
name: Beltschikow, I.
name: Biroth, M.
name: Brand, P.
name: Caiazza, S.
name: Christmann, M.
name: Corell, O.
name: Denig, A.
name: Doria, L.
name: Drexler, P.
name: Geimer, J.
name: Gülker, P.
name: Kolar, T.
name: Lauth, W.
name: Littich, M.
name: Lupberger, M.
name: Lunkenheimer, S.
name: Markus, D.
name: Mauch, M.
name: Merkel, H.
name: Mihovilovič, M.
name: Müller, J.
name: Schlimme, B. S.
name: Sfienti, C.
name: Širca, S.
name: Stengel, S.
name: Szyszka, C.
name: Vestrick, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The light collection of several fiber configurations embedded in a box-shaped plastic scintillating counter was studied by scanning with minimum ionizing electrons. The light was read out by silicon photomultipliers at both ends. The light yield produced by the 855-MeV beam of the Mainz Microtron showed a strong dependence on the transverse distance from the beam position to the fibers. The observations were modeled by attributing the collection of indirect light inside of the counter and of direct light reaching a fiber to the total light yield. The light collection with fibers was compared to that of a scintillating counter without fibers. These studies were carried out within the development of plastic scintillating detectors as an active veto system for the DarkMESA electron beam-dump experiment that will search for light dark matter particles in the MeV mass range.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables
Limits on the Polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation at Multipoles up to l~2000
Creators: name: Cartwright, J. K.
name: Pearson, T. J.
name: Readhead, A. C. S.
name: Shepherd, M. C.
name: Sievers, J. L.
name: Taylor, G. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report upper limits on the polarization of the CMBR as measured with the Cosmic Background Imager, a 13 element interferometer that operates in the 26-36 GHz band and is sited on Llano de Chajnantor in northern Chile. The array consists of 90-cm Cassegrain antennas mounted on a steerable platform that can be rotated about the optical axis to facilitate polarization observations. The CBI employs single-mode circularly polarized receivers and it samples multipoles from l~400 to l~3500. The polarization data were calibrated on 3C279 and Tau A. The polarization observations consist of 278 hours of data on two fields taken in 2000, during the first CBI observing season. A joint likelihood analysis of the two fields yields three upper limits (95% c.l.) for \mathcal{C}_l^{EE} = C^{EE}l(l+1)/(2pi) under the assumption that \mathcal{C}_l^{BB}=0: 49.0 microK^2 (l=603); 164 microK^2 (l=1144); and 630 microK^2 (l=2048).
description: 17 pages, 3 figures, scheduled for 10 April 2005 ApJ
Theory of metastability in simple metal nanowires
Creators: name: Bürki, J.
name: Stafford, C. A.
name: Stein, D. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermally induced conductance jumps of metal nanowires are modeled using stochastic Ginzburg-Landau field theories. Changes in radius are predicted to occur via the nucleation of surface kinks at the wire ends, consistent with recent electron microscopy studies. The activation rate displays nontrivial dependence on nanowire length, and undergoes first- or second-order-like transitions as a function of length. The activation barriers of the most stable structures are predicted to be universal, i.e., independent of the radius of the wire, and proportional to the square root of the surface tension. The reduction of the activation barrier under strain is also determined.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
New Routes to Solitons in Quasi One-Dimensional Conductors
Creators: name: Brazovskii, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We collect evidences on existence of microscopic solitons, and their determining role in electronic processes of quasi-1D conductors. The ferroelectric charge ordering gives access to several types of solitons in conductivity and permittivity, and to solitons' bound pairs in optics - both in insulating and conducting cases of TMTTF and TMTSF subfamilies. The excursion to physics of conjugated polymers allows to suggest further experiments. Internal tunnelling in Charge Density Waves goes through the channel of "amplitude solitons", which correspond to the long sought quasi-particle - the spinon. The same experiment gives an access to the reversible reconstruction of the junction via spontaneous creation of a lattice of 2Pi solitons - a grid of dislocations. The individual 2Pi solitons have been visually captured in recent STM experiments. Junctions of organic and oxide conductors are anticipated to show similar effects of reconstruction.
description: Proceedings of ISCOM 2007, to be published in Solid State Sciences (2008)
FAIR training in ELIXIR Europe
Creators: name: Kuzak, Mateusz
name: Castro, Leyla Jael García
name: Batut, Bérénice
name: Arcila, Ricardo
name: Beard, Niall
name: Burke, Melissa
name: Carvalho-Silva, Denise
name: Angel, Victoria Dominguez Del
name: Gurwitz, Kim
name: Kahlem, Pascal
name: Martinez, Paula
name: Morgan, Sarah
name: McQuilton, Peter
name: Palagi, Patricia M.
name: Psomopoulos, Fotis
name: Rustici, Gabriella
name: Gelder, Celia Van
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: ELIXIR is an intergovernmental organization that brings together life science resources across Europe. These resources include databases, software tools, training events and materials, cloud storage, and supercomputers. ELIXIR's activities are divided into the following five areas Data, Tools, Interoperability, Compute and Training known as “platforms”. The ELIXIR Training Platform coordinates training activities, trains life-science researchers, and helps scientists and developers to find the training they need. One of the goals of ELIXIR is to coordinate these resources so that they form a single interconnected infrastructure. This infrastructure makes it easier for scientists to find and share data, exchange expertise, and agree on best practices, such as best practices for developing and sharing training materials.
The FAIR Training Working Group was first informally formed after the “How to make training FAIR” workshop held at the ELIXIR All Hands Meeting in Berlin in 2018. During the workshop, it became clear that there are two different but interdependent topics (1) availability and findability of training materials about FAIR Data Stewardship, (2) making training resources FAIR. Within the Working Group, two Task Forces have been established, and their activities will be highlighted in this talk.
Quantum Information and Entropy
Creators: name: Kak, Subhash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Thermodynamic entropy is not an entirely satisfactory measure of information of a quantum state. This entropy for an unknown pure state is zero, although repeated measurements on copies of such a pure state do communicate information. In view of this, we propose a new measure for the informational entropy of a quantum state that includes information in the pure states and the thermodynamic entropy. The origin of information is explained in terms of an interplay between unitary and non-unitary evolution. Such complementarity is also at the basis of the so-called interaction-free measurement.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures
Atmospheric turbulence and superstatistics
Creators: name: Beck, C.
name: Cohen, E. G. D.
name: Rizzo, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonequilibrium systems with large-scale fluctuations of a suitable system parameter are often effectively described by a superposition of two statistics, a superstatistics. Here we illustrate this concept by analysing experimental data of fluctuations in atmospheric wind velocity differences at Florence airport.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures. New version to appear in Europhysics News (2005)
Multipole Expansion of Gravitational Waves: from Harmonic to Bondi coordinates
Creators: name: Blanchet, Luc
name: Compère, Geoffrey
name: Faye, Guillaume
name: Oliveri, Roberto
name: Seraj, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We transform the metric of an isolated matter source in the multipolar post-Minkowskian approximation from harmonic (de Donder) coordinates to radiative Newman-Unti (NU) coordinates. To linearized order, we obtain the NU metric as a functional of the mass and current multipole moments of the source, valid all-over the exterior region of the source. Imposing appropriate boundary conditions we recover the generalized Bondi-van der Burg-Metzner-Sachs residual symmetry group. To quadratic order, in the case of the mass-quadrupole interaction, we determine the contributions of gravitational-wave tails in the NU metric, and prove that the expansion of the metric in terms of the radius is regular to all orders. The mass and angular momentum aspects, as well as the Bondi shear, are read off from the metric. They are given by the radiative quadrupole moment including the tail terms.
description: v1: 26 pages; v2: matches published version
Large-Scale Simulations of the Two-Dimensional Melting of Hard Disks
Creators: name: Mak, C. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large-scale computer simulations involving more than a million particles have been performed to study the melting transition in a two-dimensional hard disk fluid. The van der Waals loop previously observed in the pressure-density relationship of smaller simulations is shown to be an artifact of finite-size effects. Together with a detailed scaling analysis of the bond orientation order, the new results provide compelling evidence for the Halperin-Nelson-Young picture. Scaling analysis of the translational order also yields a lower bound for the melting density that is much higher than previously thought.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Nanomechanical Measurements of Magnetostriction and Magnetic Anisotropy in (Ga,Mn)As
Creators: name: Masmanidis, S. C.
name: Tang, H. X.
name: Myers, E. B.
name: Li, Mo
name: De Greve, K.
name: Vermeulen, G.
name: Van Roy, W.
name: Roukes, M. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A (Ga,Mn)As nanoelectromechanical resonator is used to obtain the first direct measurement of magnetostriction in a dilute magnetic semiconductor. Field-dependent magnetoelastic stress induces shifts in resonance frequency that can be discerned with a high resolution electromechanical transduction scheme. By monitoring the field dependence, the magnetostriction and anisotropy field constants can be simultaneously mapped over a wide range of temperatures. These results, when compared with theoretical predictions, appear to provide insight into a unique form of magnetoelastic behavior mediated by holes.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures