cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Myiomyrmica fenestrata
Creators: name: Kameneva, E. P.
name: Korneyev, V. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Ulidiidae
Myiomyrmica
Myiomyrmica fenestrata

description: Cephalia fenestrata Coquillett, 1900
Valid name. Myiomyrmica fenestrata (Coquillett, 1900) (Ulidiidae).
Cephalia fenestrata Coquillett, 1900: 24 (Kansas).
Myiomyrmica fenestrata: Steyskal, 1961: 404; 1965: 646; Wallace, 2021: 9, 14, 69.
Material. Type. Holotype ♀: U.S.A.: “Onaga // Kansas ”, [Baker leg.], “ Cephalia // fenestrata // Coq.”, “Type // No. 4474 // U.S.N.M.” (USNM), (examined).
Remarks: Steyskal (1961) established a separate monotypic genus for this species in his key to the Nearctic genera of Platystomatidae and Otitidae, with a short diagnosis in a key couplet based on the frons being entirely shining and the wing narrow with a pale brownish disk and a whitish spot. Judging from Steyskal (1961: Fig. 5), it also differs by the male epandrium bearing trilobate surstyli lacking large prensisetae. It shares its long antenna, very wide, subtriangular palp, bulging upper part of the occiput and lack of proepisternal seta with Cephalia, Myrmecothea and Tritoxa, these synapomorphies apparently supporting monophyly of a lineage represented by these four genera.
description: Published as part of Kameneva, E. P. & Korneyev, V. A., 2022, Identity Of Species Assigned To The Genus Cephalia (Diptera, Tephritoidea), pp. 447-462 in Zoodiversity 56 (6) on page 451, DOI: 10.15407/zoo2022.06.447, http://zenodo.org/record/10831280
Using an Impact Hammer to Perform Biomechanical Measurements during Osteotomies: Study of an Animal Model
Creators: name: Lamassoure, Léo
name: Giunta, Justine
name: Rosi, Giuseppe
name: Poudrel, Anne-Sophie
name: Bosc, Romain
name: Haïat, Guillaume
name: Mondor, Henri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Osteotomies are common surgical procedures used for instance in rhinoplasty and usually performed using an osteotome impacted by a mallet. Visual control being difficult, osteotomies are often based on the surgeon proprioception to determine the number and energy of each impact. The aim of this study is to determine whether a hammer instrumented with a piezoelectric force sensor can be used to i) follow the displacement of the osteotome and ii) determine when the tip of the osteotome arrives in frontal bone, which corresponds to the end of the osteotomy pathway. Seven New Zealand White rabbit heads were collected, and two osteotomies were performed on their left and right nasal bones using the instrumented hammer to record the variation of the force as a function of time during each impact. The second peak time $τ$ was derived from each signal while the displacement of the osteotome tip D was determined using video motion tracking. The results showed a significant correlation between $τ$ and D ($ρ$${}^2$ = 0,74), allowing to estimate the displacement of the osteotome through the measurement of $τ$. The values of $τ$ measured in the frontal bone were significantly lower than in the nasal bone (p < 10-10), which allows to determine the transition between the nasal and frontal boneswhen $τ$ becomes lower than 0.78 its initial averaged value. Although results should be validated clinically, this technology could be used by surgeons in the future as a decision support system to help assessing the osteotome environment.
Binding of a 3He impurity to a screw dislocation in solid 4He
Creators: name: Corboz, P.
name: Pollet, L.
name: Prokof'ev, N. V.
name: Troyer, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using first-principle simulations for the probability density of finding a 3He atom in the vicinity of the screw dislocation in solid 4He, we determine the binding energy to the dislocation nucleus E_B = 0.8 \pm 0.1 K and the density of localized states at larger distances. The specific heat due to 3He features a peak similar to the one observed in recent experiments, and our model can also account for the observed increase in shear modulus at low temperature. We further discuss the role of 3He in the picture of superfluid defects.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Galactic dark matter as a bulk effect on the brane
Creators: name: Boehmer, C. G.
name: Harko, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The behavior of the angular velocity of a test particle moving in a stable circular orbit in the vacuum on the brane is considered. In the brane world scenario, the four dimensional effective Einstein equation acquire extra terms, called dark radiation and dark pressure, respectively, which arise from the embedding of the 3-brane in the bulk. A large number of independent observations have shown that the rotational velocities of test particles gravitating around galaxies tend, as a function of the distance from the galactic center, toward constant values. By assuming a constant tangential velocity, the general solution of the vacuum gravitational field equations on the brane can be obtained in an exact analytic form. This allows us to obtain the explicit form of the projections of the bulk Weyl tensor on the brane, and the equation of state of the dark pressure as a function of the dark radiation. The physical and geometrical quantities are expressed in terms of observable/measurable parameters, like the tangential velocity, the baryonic mass and the radius of the galaxy. We also analyze the dynamics of test particles by using methods from the qualitative analysis of dynamical systems, by assuming a simple linear equation of state for the dark pressure. The obtained results provide a theoretical framework for the observational testing at the extra-galactic scale of the predictions of the brane world models.
description: 27 pages, 2 figures, accepted by CQG; reference added; Eq. (19) corrected, references added, some typos corrected;
Collective transport in the insulating state of Josephson junction arrays
Creators: name: Fistul, M. V.
name: Vinokur, V. M.
name: Baturina, T. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate collective Cooper-pair transport of one- and two-dimensional Josephson junction arrays in the insulating state. We derive an analytical expression for the current-voltage characteristic revealing thermally activated conductivity at small voltages and threshold voltage depinning. The activation energy and the related depinning voltage represent a dynamic Coulomb barrier for collective charge transfer over the whole system and scale with the system size. We show that both quantities are non-monotonic functions of magnetic field. We propose that formation of the dynamic Coulomb barrier as well as the size scaling of the activation energy and the depinning threshold voltage, are consequences of the mutual phase synchronization. We apply the results for interpretation of experimental data in disordered films near the superconductor-insulator transition.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures; typos corrected, new figures, an improved fit to experimental data
title: Surface Modified Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Long Term Stem Cell Tracking
Creators: name: Peacock, AK
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2016

description: In the initial stages of this project, the aim was to develop polymer coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) which would be stable in physiological buffer solutions at 37 °C (body temperature) for cell labelling experiments. Well-defined end functional hydrophilic poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) (pMPC) homopolymers were prepared by atom transfer radical polymerisation (ATRP) and used to couple onto the surface of functionalised SPIONs using an end grafting-to approach. pMPC was chosen due to its well-known biocompatibility. The pMPC coated SPIONs were investigated as a potential T2 magnetic resonance image (MRI) contrast agent through biocompatibility and colloidal stability screening prior to biological studies of the polymer coated SPIONs with stem cells. In the later stages of this project, silica and gold nanoparticle (NP) surface coatings were individually investigated for their chemical stability and protection of the SPION core to acidic conditions mimicking those found in the lysosome of the stem cell. This was carried out in order to develop and screen a coating that would enable long term stem cell tracking. Again, the nanomaterials prepared were assessed for biocompatibility and their magnetic properties were measured prior to stem cell labelling studies. In the final chapter, the nanomaterials prepared throughout this Thesis were subjected to stem cell labelling and the retention of the nanomaterials inside stem cells was investigated.
title: Analysis of solution-phase macromolecular materials by diffusion NMR
Creators: name: Eden, EG
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2017

description: Molecules such as covalent cages can adopt several shapes, in which the ratio of starting materials is the same, but the number of starting materials, and the shape of the resulting molecule is different. However, determining this in the absence of a crystal structure can be challenging. Pulsed field gradient (PFG) NMR has been used for two decades to characterise large macromolecules in solution, but it is still difficult to determine precise structural information, because of the rotational-averaging experienced in experimental measurements. Here, we develop experimental techniques for collecting PFG-NMR data that break this barrier, and allow characterisation of several useful molecular descriptors. By measuring the diffusion coefficients of molecules in a range of solvents, incurvate surfaces are probed to map the outer surface of nanometre-sized molecular species. This technique allows details about the geometrical shape of covalent cages to be determined without the need for isolation. Furthermore, we compare experimental PFG-NMR data to structures produced by computational modelling and produce a new molecular descriptor, ρr, which describes the isotropy of covalent cages. This descriptor is used to determine the quality of agreement between proposed structures and experimental PFG-NMR data. In analysing polymers, we develop a new mathematical model for determining the molar-mass dispersity (ÐM) by PFG-NMR. We find a single parameter is sufficient to determine the dispersity of a system, which eliminates the need for data modelling and enhances the reliability of analysis. We hope this will make the technique more accessible to polymer scientists, and will help test the validity of molar-mass dispersity measurements made by other means. Finally, we synthesise five novel dodecaamide cages, which contain functional groups that offer the opportunity to extend functionality beyond the cage via further reaction. We take significant steps towards producing singly functionalised species, which could be incorporated into polymeric materials for the development of robust membranes and coatings.
การรับรู้ถึงประโยชน์ และความพร้อมของผู้ส่งออกชิ้นส่วนยานยนต์ที่มีต่อการรับรองถิ่นกำเนิดสินค้าด้วยตนเองในกลุ่มอาเซียน
Creators: name: สุนทรี ธะสุข
name: กิตติพงษ์ โสภณธรรมภาณ
Publisher: name: สมาคมนักวิจัย
Year: 2557
Subjects: การรับรู้ถึงประโยชน์,ความพร้อม,การรับรอง,ถิ่นกำเนิด,สินค้าด้วยตนเองในกลุ่ม,อาเซียน

description: 3, 19, วารสารสมาคมนักวิจัย
The Scholarly Communications Librarian: Unicorn, Dodo or Phoenix?
Creators: name: Sewell, Claire
name: Blanchett, Helen
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: scholarly communication
librarianship
libraries

description: Presentation given at the CILIP Academic and Research Libraries (ARLG) Group Conference 2019 looking at the skills needed to work as a scholarly communications librarian.
Optical and Ultraviolet Monitoring of the Black Hole X-ray Binary MAXI J1820+070/ASASSN-18ey for 18 Months
Creators: name: Sai, Hanna
name: Wang, Xiaofeng
name: Wu, Jianfeng
name: Lin, Jie
name: Feng, Hua
name: Zhang, Tianmeng
name: Li, Wenxiong
name: Zhang, Jujia
name: Mo, Jun
name: Sun, Tianrui
name: Ehgamberdiev, Shuhrat A.
name: Mirzaqulov, Davron
name: Rui, Liming
name: Lin, Weili
name: Zhao, Xulin
name: Lin, Han
name: Zhang, Jicheng
name: Zhang, Xinghan
name: Zhao, Yong
name: Li, Xue
name: Xiang, Danfeng
name: Wang, Lingzhi
name: Wu, Chengyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MAXI J1820+070 is a low-mass black hole X-ray binary system with high luminosity in both optical and X-ray bands during the outburst periods. We present extensive photometry in X-ray, ultraviolet, and optical bands, as well as densely-cadenced optical spectra, covering the phase from the beginning of optical outburst to $\sim$550 days. During the rebrightening process, the optical emission preceded the X-ray by 20.80 $\pm$ 2.85 days. The spectra are characterized by blue continua and emission features of Balmer series, He I, He II lines and broad Bowen blend. The pseudo equivalent width (pEW) of emission lines are found to show anticorrelations with the X-ray flux measured at comparable phases, which is due to the increased suppression by the optical continuum. At around the X-ray peak, the full width at half maximums (FWHMs) of H$_β$ and He II $λ$4686 tend to stabilize at 19.4 Angstrom and 21.8 Angstrom, which corresponds to the line forming region at a radius of 1.7 and 1.3 R_sun within the disk. We further analyzed the absolute fluxes of the lines and found that the fluxes of H$_β$ and He II $λ$4686 show positive correlations with the X-ray flux, favoring that the irradiation model is responsible for the optical emission. However, the fact that X-ray emission experiences a dramatic flux drop at t$\sim$200 days after the outburst, while the optical flux only shows little variations suggests that additional energy such as viscous energy may contribute to the optical radiation in addition to the X-ray irradiation.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Geometry of the energy landscape and folding transition in a simple model of a protein
Creators: name: Mazzoni, Lorenzo N.
name: Casetti, Lapo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A geometric analysis of the global properties of the energy landscape of a minimalistic model of a polypeptide is presented, which is based on the relation between dynamical trajectories and geodesics of a suitable manifold, whose metric is completely determined by the potential energy. We consider different sequences, some with a definite protein-like behavior, a unique native state and a folding transition, and the others undergoing a hydrophobic collapse with no tendency to a unique native state. The global geometry of the energy landscape appears to contain relevant information on the behavior of the various sequences: in particular, the fluctuations of the curvature of the energy landscape, measured by means of numerical simulations, clearly mark the folding transition and allow to distinguish the protein-like sequences from the others.
description: to appear in Physical Review E
English as a second language problem in the Canadian charter of rights and freedoms
Creators: name: Krasnick, Harry
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A research project was designed to identify and analyze the issues which are involved in guaranteeing the equal protection of the law in Canada with respect to the right to be informed of the right to counsel upon detention or arrest and the right to the assistance of an interpreter in legal proceedings in the case of non-native speakers of English. A comparative, multidisciplinary study design allowed the differences among social science views, practitioners' commonsensical knowledge, and legal viewpoints as expressed in reported judgements to be identified. Each of the three sources of viewpoints on cross-cultural interrogation and courtroom interaction was examined with a view to determining the range of phenomena recognized. The study did not attempt to evaluate the social science studies on their own terms, measure the distribution of commonsense knowledge among practitioners, or determine the state of the law on any particular point. The goal was rather to compare the breadth of the legal system's vision with that of social scientists and practitioners, in order to determine whether there will be a need to supplement the court's view. The results suggested that court interpreters vary greatly in their overall competence, including language ability, and in their understanding of what their role is. Training and certification of court interpreters appears to be the only solution which will satisfy the constitutional guarantee of equal protection. Informing the suspect of his right to counsel presents substantial linguistic and cultural problems, only some of which are addressed by the courts. In legal proceedings, the right to the assistance of an interpreter raises fundamental questions concerning the point at which the right to an interpreter arises and how entitlement is to be determined. Practical solutions implied by the research include establishing a bilingual courtroom observer program to safeguard against inadequte interpretation going unnoticed; cautioning the suspect as to his right to counsel in his native language rather than in English, perhaps through audio tape recordings; and establishing a combination translation and legal advice center which could be contacted by calling a toll-free telephone number such as 800-ESL-HELP.
Transient glitch mitigation in Advanced LIGO data with $\textit{glitschen}$
Creators: name: Merritt, Jonathan
name: Farr, Ben
name: Hur, Rachel
name: Edelman, Bruce
name: Doctor, Zoheyr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: "Glitches" -- transient noise artifacts in the data collected by gravitational wave interferometers like LIGO and Virgo -- are an ever-present obstacle for the search and characterization of gravitational wave signals. With some having morphology similar to high mass, high mass-ratio, and extreme-spin binary black hole events, they limit sensitivity to such sources. They can also act as a contaminant for all sources, requiring targeted mitigation before astrophysical inferences can be made. We propose a data driven, parametric model for frequently encountered glitch types using probabilistic principal component analysis. As a noise analog of parameterized gravitational wave signal models, it can be easily incorporated into existing search and detector characterization techniques. We have implemented our approach with the open source glitschen package. Using LIGO's currently most problematic glitch types, the 'blip' and 'tomte', we demonstrate that parametric models of modest dimension can be constructed and used for effective mitigation in both frequentist and Bayesian analyses.
Stark deceleration of OH radicals in low-field-seeking and high-field-seeking quantum states
Creators: name: Wohlfart, Kirstin
name: Filsinger, Frank
name: Grätz, Fabian
name: Küpper, Jochen
name: Meijer, Gerard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Stark deceleration of OH radicals in both low-field-seeking and high-field-seeking levels of the rovibronic ${}^2Π_{3/2},v=0,J=3/2$ ground state is demonstrated using a single experimental setup. Applying alternating-gradient focusing, OH radicals in their low-field-seeking ${}^2Π_{3/2},v=0,J=3/2,f$ state have been decelerated from 345 m/s to 239 m/s, removing 50 % of the kinetic energy using only 27 deceleration stages. The alternating-gradient decelerator allows to independently control longitudinal and transverse manipulation of the molecules. Optimized high-voltage switching sequences for the alternating-gradient deceleration are applied, in order to adjust the dynamic focusing strength in every deceleration stage to the changing velocity over the deceleration process. In addition we have also decelerated OH radicals in their high-field-seeking ${}^2Π_{3/2},v=0,J=3/2,e$ state from 355 m/s to 316 m/s. For the states involved, a real crossing of hyperfine levels occurs at 640 V/cm, which is examined by varying a bias voltage applied to the electrodes.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures
Spatial Characteristics of Joint Application Networks in Japanese Patents
Creators: name: Inoue, Hiroyasu
name: Souma, Wataru
name: Tamada, Schumpeter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Technological innovation has extensively been studied to make firms sustainable and more competitive. Within this context, the most important recent issue has been the dynamics of collaborative innovation among firms. We therefore investigated a patent network, especially focusing on its spatial characteristics. The results can be summarized as follows. (1) The degree distribution in a patent network follows a power law. A firm can then be connected to many firms via hubs connected to the firm. (2) The neighbors' average degree has a null correlation, but the clustering coefficient has a negative correlation. The latter means that there is a hierarchical structure and bridging different modules may shorten the paths between the nodes in them. (3) The distance of links not only indicates the regional accumulations of firms, but the importance of time it takes to travel, which plays a key role in creating links. (4) The ratio of internal links in cities indicates that we have to consider the existing links firms have to facilitate the creation of new links.
Discussion of: Treelets--An adaptive multi-scale basis for sparse unordered data
Creators: name: Qiu, Xing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This is a discussion of paper "Treelets--An adaptive multi-scale basis for sparse unordered data" [arXiv:0707.0481] by Ann B. Lee, Boaz Nadler and Larry Wasserman. In this paper the authors defined a new type of dimension reduction algorithm, namely, the treelet algorithm. The treelet method has the merit of being completely data driven, and its decomposition is easier to interpret as compared to PCR. It is suitable in some certain situations, but it also has its own limitations. I will discuss both the strength and the weakness of this method when applied to microarray data analysis.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/08-AOAS137E the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Ferromagnetism in nanoscale BiFeO3
Creators: name: Mazumder, R.
name: Devi, P. Sujatha
name: Bhattacharya, Dipten
name: Choudhury, P.
name: Sen, A.
name: Raja, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A remarkably high saturation magnetization of ~0.4mu_B/Fe along with room temperature ferromagnetic hysteresis loop has been observed in nanoscale (4-40 nm) multiferroic BiFeO_3 which in bulk form exhibits weak magnetization (~0.02mu_B/Fe) and an antiferromagnetic order. The magnetic hysteresis loops, however, exhibit exchange bias as well as vertical asymmetry which could be because of spin pinning at the boundaries between ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic domains. Interestingly, like in bulk BiFeO_3, both the calorimetric and dielectric permittivity data in nanoscale BiFeO_3 exhibit characteristic features at the magnetic transition point. These features establish formation of a true ferromagnetic-ferroelectric system with a coupling between the respective order parameters in nanoscale BiFeO_3.
description: 13 pages including 4 figures; pdf only; submitted to Appl. Phys. Lett
title: Interplay of Different Major Ampullate Spidroins during Assembly and Implications for Fiber Mechanics
Creators: name: Saric, Merisa
name: Eisoldt, Lukas
name: Döring, Volker
name: Scheibel, Thomas
Publisher: name: University of Bayreuth
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Bioinspired fibers
subject: Heterodimers
subject: Protein interplay
subject: Self‐assembly
subject: Spider silk
subject: 600
subject: 620

description: Major ampullate (MA) spider silk has fascinating mechanical properties combining strength and elasticity. All known natural MA silks contain at least two or more different spidroins; however, it is unknown why and if there is any interplay in the spinning dope. Here, two different spidroins from Araneus diadematus are co‐produced in Escherichia coli to study the possible dimerization and effects thereof on the mechanical properties of fibers. During the production of the two spidroins, a mixture of homo‐ and heterodimers is formed triggered by the carboxyl‐terminal domains. Interestingly, homodimeric species of the individual spidroins self‐assemble differently in comparison to heterodimers, and stoichiometric mixtures of homo‐ and heterodimers yield spidroin networks upon assembly with huge impact on fiber mechanics upon spinning. The obtained results provide the basis for man‐made tuning of spinning dopes to yield high‐performance fibers.
Discussion of: Treelets--An adaptive multi-scale basis for sparse unordered data
Creators: name: Tuglus, Catherine
name: van der Laan, Mark J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We would like to congratulate Lee, Nadler and Wasserman on their contribution to clustering and data reduction methods for high $p$ and low $n$ situations. A composite of clustering and traditional principal components analysis, treelets is an innovative method for multi-resolution analysis of unordered data. It is an improvement over traditional PCA and an important contribution to clustering methodology. Their paper [arXiv:0707.0481] presents theory and supporting applications addressing the two main goals of the treelet method: (1) Uncover the underlying structure of the data and (2) Data reduction prior to statistical learning methods. We will organize our discussion into two main parts to address their methodology in terms of each of these two goals. We will present and discuss treelets in terms of a clustering algorithm and an improvement over traditional PCA. We will also discuss the applicability of treelets to more general data, in particular, the application of treelets to microarray data.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/08-AOAS137F the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Trends of higher-order exchange interactions in transition-metal trilayers
Creators: name: Gutzeit, Mara
name: Haldar, Soumyajyoti
name: Meyer, Sebastian
name: Heinze, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic study of higher-order exchange interactions beyond the pair-wise Heisenberg exchange in transition-metal trilayers based on density functional theory calculations. We show that these terms can play an important role in magnetic trilayers composed of a single hexagonal Fe or Co atomic layer sandwiched between $4d$ and $5d$ transition-metal layers. We study the dependence of the biquadratic and the three-site and four-site four spin interaction on the band filling of the $4d$ and $5d$ layers as well as the stacking sequence, i.e. fcc vs. hcp stacking. Our calculations reveal relatively small higher-order interactions for Co based trilayers. For Fe based trilayers with a Rh or Ir layer the higher-order terms can be on the same order of magnitude as pair-wise Heisenberg exchange. The trends obtained for freestanding trilayers are used to understand the higher-order interactions in ultrathin film systems on surfaces that are experimentally accessible. It is shown that hcp Rh/Fe/Ir(111) and hcp-Rh/Fe/Rh(111) exhibit the largest values for the biquadratic and the three-site four spin interaction of all systems under study. We further demonstrate that the three-site four spin interaction is responsible for the experimentally observed change of the magnetic ground state of Rh/Fe/Ir(111) from a spin spiral (single-Q) for fcc-Rh to a 2Q state for hcp-Rh. We find similar trends for Rh/Fe/Rh(111), i.e. replacing the Ir surface by the isoelectronic Rh surface. For Rh/Co/Ir(111), we obtain a negative value for the four-site four spin interaction which will lead to a reduced stability of magnetic skyrmions which are metastable in this film at zero magnetic field. In contrast, for Pd/Fe/Ir(111), the four-site four spin interaction is positive which leads to an enhanced stability of skyrmions.
Effect of Different Cleaning Techniques on Shear Bond Strength of Contaminated Dental Ceramics
Creators: name: Bekheet Abel-Rahman, Ahmed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 320302
subject: Dental materials and equipment

description: This Study Aimed To Evaluate The Efficacy Of Cleaning Methods Of Contaminated Ceramics And Their Effect Shear Bond Strength Of Zirconia And Vita Enamic To Resin Cement. Methods: In This Study, Two Types Of Ceramics Used; Zirconia And Vita Enamic (N = 70). Each Type of Ceramic Subjected To Saliva Contamination and Divided According To Methods of Decontamination to 7 Groups (N = 10); Group (1) Control with No Contamination. Group (2) Contaminated With Artificial Saliva Then Cleaned Using Hydrofluoric Acid For 30 Seconds. Group (3) Contaminated Then Cleaned Using 37 % Phosphoric Acid For 30 Seconds. Group (4) Contaminated Then Cleaned Using Immersion In Ultrasonic Bath Filled With Distilled Water For 5 Minutes. Group (5) Contaminated Then Cleaned Using 70% Alcohol, Group (6) Contaminated Then Cleaned Using Vacuum Drying For 30 Seconds And Group (7) Contaminated By Immersion For 5 Minutes In Artificial Saliva. Each Group Was Subjected To Shear Bond Strength Test. Data Were Collected, Tabulated, and Statistically Analyzed. Results: Result Of Shear Bond Strength Revealed That The Highest Value Was In Control Group (10.4±0.53 Mpa) In Zirconia And (13.35±0.19) In Vita Enamic Followed By Hydrofluoric Acid (9.84±0.33) In Zirconia And (12.84±0.37 Mpa) In Vita Enamic Then Phosphoric Acid (9.67±0.49 Mpa) In Zirconia And (12.24±0.24 Mpa) In Vita Enamic Then Ultrasonic Path (9.4±0.48 Mpa) In Zirconia And (12.13±0.26 Mpa) In Vita Enamic And Alcohol (8.67±0.37 Mpa) In Zirconia And (11.67±0.24 Mpa) In Vita Enamic Then Vacuum Drying (7.72±0.38 Mpa) In Zirconia And (11.25±0.28 Mpa) In Vita Enamic Conclusions: Saliva Contamination Resulted In Decrease Bond Strength Between Dental Ceramics And Resin Cement. Clinical Retreatment With Hydrofluoric Acid Is Preferred Due To Its Ability To Improve The Cementation Of Dental Ceramics. HF Helps in Achieving a Mechanical Union by Exposing the Crystals at the Surface of the Ceramic Structure, Creating Areas of Micro Retention. Phosphoric Acid Is Good Method for Decontamination from Artificial Saliva Because It’s Successfully Removed Carbon-Based Contaminants On Contaminated Ceramic Surfaces. Ultrasonic Path and Alcohol Methods Have Little Cleaning Effect on Saliva Contaminated Dental Ceramics.
A versatile flexure-based 6-axes force/torque sensor and its application to tribology
Creators: name: Guibert, M
name: Oliver, C
name: Durand, T
name: Mogne, T Le
name: Bot, A Le
name: Dalmas, D
name: Scheibert, J
name: Fontaine, J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Six-axes force/torque sensors are increasingly needed in mechanical engineering. Here, we introduce a flexure-based design for such sensors, which solves some of the drawbacks of the existing designs. In particular, it is backlash-free, it can be wirelessly monitored, it exactly enforces 90 degrees angles between axes, and it enables visual inspection of the monitored system thanks to its hollow structure. We first describe the generic design, implementation and calibration procedure. We then demonstrate its capabilities through three illustration examples relevant to the field of tribology: low friction measurements under ultra-high vacuum, multi-directional friction measurements of elastomer contacts, and force/torque-based contact position monitoring.
description: The following article has been submitted to Review of Scientific Instruments
Überlegungen zur Überlieferung von Konrads von Würzburg 'Der Welt Lohn'
Creators: name: Gerhardt, Christoph
Publisher: name: Trier University
Year: 2021

description: Die exempelhafte Kurzerzählung 'Der Welt Lohn' mit Contemptus Mundi-Thematik (Frau Welt-Motiv) des mittelhochdeutschen Dichters Konrad von Würzburg, entstanden wohl um 1250, war ausweislich ihrer Überlieferung in Handschriften des 13. bis 15. Jahrhunderts außerordentlich beliebt. Die Studie geht der Frage nach, welchem Publikum und welcher Lesehaltung sich dieser Erfolg verdankte.
Slowly evolving noncommutative-geometry wormholes
Creators: name: Kuhfittig, Peter K. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper discusses noncommutative-geometry wormholes in the context of a cosmological model due to Sung-Won Kim. An ansatz suggested by the Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) model leads to the assumption that the matter content can be divided into two parts, a cosmological part depending only on time and a wormhole part depending only on space. These assumptions are sufficient for deriving a complete zero-tidal force wormhole solution. The wormhole is evolving due to the scale factor in the FLRW model; it is restricted, however, to the curvature parameters $k=0$ and $k=-1$. Unlike previous models, the noncommutative-geometry background affects both the wormhole part and the cosmological part of the solution.
description: 10 pages, no figures
Nonclassical rotational inertia for a supersolid under rotation
Creators: name: Aftalion, Amandine
name: Blanc, Xavier
name: Jerrard, Robert L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As proposed by Leggett [4], the supersolidity of a crystal is characterized by the Non Classical Rotational Inertia (NCRI) property. Using a model of quantum crystal introduced by Josserand, Pomeau and Rica [5], we prove that NCRI occurs. This is done by analyzing the ground state of the aforementioned model, which is related to a sphere packing problem, and then deriving a theoretical formula for the inertia momentum. We infer a lower estimate for the NCRI fraction, which is a landmark of supersolidity.
Short proofs of refined sharp Caffarelli-Kohn-Nirenberg inequalities
Creators: name: Cazacu, Cristian
name: Flynn, Joshua
name: Lam, Nguyen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81S07, 26D10, 46E35, 26D15

description: This note relies mainly on a refined version of the main results of the paper by F. Catrina and D. Costa (J. Differential Equations 2009). We provide very short and self-contained proofs. Our results are sharp and minimizers are obtained in suitable functional spaces. As main tools we use the so-called \textit{expand of squares} method to establish sharp weighted $L^{2}$-Caffarelli-Kohn-Nirenberg (CKN) inequalities and density arguments.
description: 13 pages
Evolution of the bursting-layer wave during a Type 1 X-ray burst
Creators: name: Berkhout, R. G.
name: Levin, Yuri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a popular scenario due to Heyl, quasi periodic oscillations (QPOs) which are seen during type 1 X-ray bursts are produced by giant travelling waves in neutron-star oceans. Piro and Bildsten have proposed that during the burst cooling the wave in the bursting layer may convert into a deep crustal interface wave, which would cut off the visible QPOs. This cut-off would help explain the magnitude of the QPO frequency drift, which is otherwise overpredicted by a factor of several in Heyl's scenario. In this paper, we study the coupling between the bursting layer and the deep ocean. The coupling turns out to be weak and only a small fraction of the surface-wave energy gets transferred to that of the crustal-interface wave during the burst. Thus the crustal-interface wave plays no dynamical role during the burst, and no early QPO cut-off should occur.
description: 8 pages, submitted to MNRAS
Interfacing with Hamiltonian Dynamics
Creators: name: Kay, Alastair
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Simple constructions and protocols are demonstrated to allow the implementation of universal quantum computation on an arbitrarily large quantum system by controlling a fixed number of spins, vastly reducing the engineering requirements in comparison to a direct implementation of the circuit model. Analytic pulse sequences are derived for deterministic gate operation and system cooling which only require pulse strengths that are comparable to the intrinsic Hamiltonian of the system.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures v2: small correction to cooling section
Bottom-up Meets Top-Down: Mapping Grassroots Citizen Science Trajectories in Environmental Pollution Monitoring
Creators: name: Van Oudheusden, Michiel
name: Abe, Yasuhito
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Citizen Science
Environment
Grassroots
Governance
Social Sciences

description: Grassroots, bottom-up citizen science is a burgeoning form of public engagement with science, in which citizens mobilize scientific tools and data to address pressing real-world problems. Contrary to contributory (top-down) citizen science projects in which citizens collect data for professional scientists, these grassroots initiatives typically unfold in do-it-ourselves fashion alongside (or outside of) conventional approaches and channels, thereby challenging formally-sanctioned, expert-centric citizen science approaches and representations. This paper illustrates these points through a comparative analysis of two potentially paradigmatic sites for environmental grassroots citizen science glocally: Safecast (radiation pollution / Japan) and CuriousNoses (air pollution / Flanders, Belgium). Adopting a constructivist and relational account of grassroots citizen science as co-produced and shaped through collective practices, the paper draws out key features (defining moments, key actors, discourses, mechanisms, and devices) in the constitution of these networks as credible actors in affairs of environmental governance beyond the formally credentialed. The paper’s findings open onto a broader reflection on how to imagine citizen engagements in (grassroots) citizen science and the actual and potential roles social scientists assume as theorists, facilitators, and ‘interveners’ in these processes.
Z$_2$ nontrivial topology of rare-earth binary oxide superconductor
Creators: name: Qian, Jiahui
name: Shen, Zongqi
name: Wei, Xinyuan
name: Li, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, superconductivity has been discovered in rock-salt structured binary lanthanum monoxide LaO through state-of-the-art oxide thin-film epitaxy. In this work, we reveal that the normal state of superconducting LaO is a $Z_2$ nontrivial topological metal, where the Dirac point protected by the crystal symmetry is located around the Fermi energy. By analysing the orbital characteristics, we show that the nature of the topological band structure of LaO originates from the intra-atomic transition from the outer shell La 5$d$ to the inner shell 4$f$ orbitals driven by the strong octahedral crystal-field. Furthermore, the appearance of novel surface states unambiguously demonstrates the topological signature of LaO superconductor. Our theoretical findings not only shed new light into the understanding of the exotic quantum behaviors in LaO superconductor with intimate correlation between 4$f$ and 5$d$ orbitals in La, but also provide an exciting platform to explore the interplay between nontrivial topology and superconductivity.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Enhanced roughness of lipid membranes caused by external electric fields
Creators: name: Neek-Amal, M
name: Rafii-Tabar, H.
name: Sepangi, H. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The behavior of lipid membranes in the presence of an external electric field is studied and used to examine the influence of such fields on membrane parameters such as roughness and show that for a micro sized membrane, roughness grows as the field increases. The dependence of bending rigidity on the electric field is also studied and an estimation of thickness of the accumulated charges around lipid membranes in a free-salt solution is presented.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, to appear in Computational Materials Science
Non-Gaussianities in extended D-term inflation
Creators: name: Bernardeau, Francis
name: Brunier, Tristan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore extensions of hybrid inflationary models in the context of supersymmetric D-term inflation. We point out that a large variety of inflationary scenarios can be encountered when the field content is extended. It is not only possible to get curvaton type models but also scenarios in which different fields, with nontrivial statistical properties, contribute to the primordial curvature fluctuations. We explore more particularly the parameter space of these multiple field inflationary models. It is shown that there exists a large domain in which significant primordial non-Gaussianities can be produced while preserving a scale free power spectrum for the metric fluctuations. In particular we explicitly compute the expected bi- and trispectrum for such models and compared the results to the current and expected observational constraints. It is shown that it is necessary to use both the bi- and tri-spectra of CMB anisotropies to efficiently reduce their parameter space.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Magnetic Phase Diagram of Spin-1/2 Two-Leg Ladder with Four-Spin Ring Exchange
Creators: name: Hikihara, Toshiya
name: Yamamoto, Shoji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spin-1/2 two-leg Heisenberg ladder with four-spin ring exchanges under a magnetic field. We introduce an exact duality transformation which is an extension of the spin-chirality duality developed previously and yields a new self-dual surface in the parameter space. We then determine the magnetic phase diagram using the numerical approaches of the density-matrix renormalization-group and exact diagonalization methods. We demonstrate the appearance of a magnetization plateau and the Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid with dominant vector-chirality quasi-long-range order for a wide parameter regime of strong ring exchange. A "nematic" phase, in which magnons form bound pairs and the magnon-pairing correlation functions dominate, is also identified.
description: 18pages, 7 figures
Recent Progress and New Challenges in Isospin Physics with Heavy-Ion Reactions
Creators: name: Li, Bao-An
name: Chen, Lie-Wen
name: Ko, Che Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ultimate goal of studying isospin physics via heavy-ion reactions with neutron-rich, stable and/or radioactive nuclei is to explore the isospin dependence of in-medium nuclear effective interactions and the equation of state of neutron-rich nuclear matter, particularly the isospin-dependent term in the equation of state, i.e., the density dependence of the symmetry energy. Because of its great importance for understanding many phenomena in both nuclear physics and astrophysics, the study of the density dependence of the nuclear symmetry energy has been the main focus of the intermediate-energy heavy-ion physics community during the last decade, and significant progress has been achieved both experimentally and theoretically. In particular, a number of phenomena or observables have been identified as sensitive probes to the density dependence of the nuclear symmetry energy. Experimental studies have confirmed some of these interesting isospin-dependent effects and allowed us to constrain relatively stringently the symmetry energy at sub-saturation densities. The impacts of this constrained density dependence of the symmetry energy on the properties of neutron stars have also been studied, and they were found to be very useful for the astrophysical community. With new opportunities provided by the various radioactive beam facilities being constructed around the world, the study of isospin physics is expected to remain one of the forefront research areas in nuclear physics. In this report, we review the major progress achieved during the last decade in isospin physics with heavy ion reactions and discuss future challenges to the most important issues in this field.
description: 281 pages including 163 figures. Physics Reports (2008) in press
Mastering size and shape of CoPt nanoparticles by flash laser annealing
Creators: name: Alloyeau, D.
name: Ricolleau, C.
name: Langlois, C.
name: Bouar, Y. Le
name: Loiseau, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A major step towards the understanding of intrinsic properties of nano-objects depends on the ability to obtain assemblies of nanoparticles of a given size with reduced size dispersion and a well defined shape. The control of these parameters is a fundamental challenge. In this newsletter, we present a new method to tailor in an easy way both size and shape characteristics of nanoparticles by using laser irradiation in the nanosecond regime.
description: 1 page, 1 figure