cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Adaptive market hypothesis and momentum effect: Evidence from Dhaka Stock Exchange
Creators: name: Akhter, Tahmina
name: Yong, Othman
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: This paper examines time-varying behavior of momentum and contrarian profits to identify the existence of adaptive market hypothesis (AMH), and whether AMH can provide justification for the presence of such anomalous behavior in the Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE) of Bangladesh. To investigate the time-varying pattern of momentum/contrarian anomaly, the study uses stock prices of all listed companies on the DSE and values of DSE general index from January 1995 to December 2018. To construct the relative strength portfolios for momentum strategies, the current study employs the portfolio formation methods of Jegadeesh and Titman with minor modifications. The study findings suggest the existence of medium-term momentum profits and the long-term reversal effect that vary over time. Moreover, the empirical evidence of the study shows that the changed market conditions that are considered as the main reasons under AMH for time-varying behavior of market efficiency and by extension the stock market anomalies influence the momentum profits. The findings suggest that although market risk cannot always explain the existence of momentum profits in the DSE, the bullish stock market condition positively impacts this anomalous profit pattern. In addition, the momentum profits are not statistically significant during stock market crashes and bubbles, but the normal market condition positively influences the momentum profits. The most interesting finding of this study is that the investors from emerging stock markets may not adapt towards changed market conditions like the investors from the developed markets as reported in the AMH literature.
Neopetrosia carbonaria
Creators: name: Rocha, Lívia
name: Moraes, Fernando
name: Salani, Sula
name: Hajdu, Eduardo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Haplosclerida
Petrosiidae
Neopetrosia
Neopetrosia carbonaria

description: Neopetrosia aff. carbonaria (Lamarck, 1814)
 Neopetrosia carbonaria (Lamarck, 1814): Muricy et al. 2011: 106 (in part, only Brazilian records).
 Studied material (14 specimens): Brazil, Ceará State, MNRJ 17400, Acaraizinho de Amontada, intertidal, Col. R. Farias and K. Santiago Santiago, 2013.11; Trairí City: Mundaú beach (3.17418º S, 39.35723º W): MNRJ 17866, 1 m depth, Col. M. S. Carvalho, 2014.3.29; MNRJ 17741, 1 m depth, Col. E. Hajdu, 2014.3.29; MNRJ 17766, 1 m depth, Col. E. Hajdu, 2014.3.31; MNRJ 17777, 1 m depth, Col. A. Bispo, 2014.3.29; MNRJ 17832, 1 m depth, Col. S. Salani, 2014.3.29; Flecheiras Beach (3.21858º S, 39.26344º W): MNRJ 17782, 1 m depth, Col. A. Bispo, 2014.3.30; MNRJ 17783, 1 m depth, Col. A. Bispo, 2014.3.30; MNRJ 17840, 1 m depth, Col. S. Salani, 2014.3.30; MNRJ 17887, 1 m depth, Col. M. S.Carvalho, 2014.3.30. Rio Grande do Norte State, MNRJ 18033, Parrachos de Maracajaú, Maxaranguape City (5.40114º S, 35.29677º W), depth not record, Col. S. Salani, 2014.4.6. Alagoas State, Maceió City: Ponta Verde Beach (9.65000º S, 35.68333º W): MNRJ 4713, 0.5–1 m depth, Col. E. Hajdu, 2001.9.3; Recife Ponta do Meirim (9.70000º S, 35.76667º W): MNRJ 17035, 0.5–1 m depth, Col. A. Bispo, 2012.1.10. Bahia State: MNRJ 18690, Abrolhos Bank, Pedra de Leste, 3 m depth, Col. F. Moraes, 2014.6.30.
 Comparative material. Spongia carbonaria Lamarck, 1814, Holotype MNHN-LBIM-DT 545, Schizotype MNRJ 21834. Adocia carbonaria, Hechtel (1976), YPM IZ 008960, Pernambuco State (Recife), digitized images of dissociated spicules and thick anatomical sections.
 Remarks. We found toxas in many Brazilian specimens studied (MNRJ 4713, 9405, 17034, 17400), hitherto unreported for the species, and seemingly absent from the holotype reexamined here. These toxas can be quite rare, and occur in both black or brown sponges. We consider Brazilian N. carbonaria -like sponges as likely belonging to a new species under description by Santos et al. (in prep., pers, comm.). For this reason, we preferred to withdraw its full description from our study to avoid overlapping their results.
description: Published as part of Rocha, Lívia, Moraes, Fernando, Salani, Sula & Hajdu, Eduardo, 2021, Taxonomy of Petrosiidae Van Soest, 1980 (Haplosclerida, Porifera) from Brazil, pp. 251-287 in Zootaxa 5004 (2) on page 262, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5004.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5677189
Methods of municipal fiscal evaluation
Creators: name: Cook, Helen Marie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This is an analysis of methods available for municipal fiscal evaluation. The study attempts to explain the selection of factors included in evaluation tools designed to guage municipal financial condition. It also attempts to explain how these factors are interpreted as municipal fiscal strengths and weaknesses. Among the consequences which can undermine municipal financial management are dwindling revenues, increasing service demands, and increasingly complex financial administration systems. The municipal fiscal evaluation literature provides information about the technical design possibilities as well as choices expressed in tools currently used. There are inconsistencies in the measurement of fiscal indicators as well as differences in the interpretation of results. Two basic approaches, comparison and case study, are discerned within the variety of tools found in the literature. However, that literature does not provide explicit reasons for choosing a specific evaluation approach. An inherent problem in municipal fiscal evaluation design is the conflict between public service objectives such as health and welfare and corporate objectives such as financial solvency and economic efficiency. Further investigation focuses on attempts in public finance theory to reconcile public and corporate objectives. The two mainstream public finance ideologies, Social Welfare and Public Choice, are found to parallel the comparative and case study evaluation approaches. A second conclusion relates the design of a municipal fiscal evaluation to the role it is intended to serve. Financial management requirements are not uniform across cities, nor are the political objectives of agencies doing evaluations. Sponsors tend to emphasize factors which reflect their own interpretation of financial problems or management requirements. In general, case study fiscal evaluations are best suited for use by municipalities, while the comparative approach can assist senior governments in ensuring the financial security of local governments.
title: Catalytic enantioselective acyl transfer for the synthesis of atropisomers
Creators: name: Munday, Elizabeth Sarah
Publisher: name: University of St Andrews
Year: 2020

description: This thesis details the development of enantioselective, isothiourea-catalysed, acyl-transfer methodology for the synthesis of atropisomers. Chapter 1 aims to introduce organocatalysis in the context of the current state-of-the art in Lewis base catalysis and its application in enantioselective acyl transfer. Following this, the importance of axial chirality and the current art in the synthesis of biaryl and non-biaryl atropisomers is introduced. The potential for isothiourea catalysis to provide a new platform in this area is then outlined. Chapter 2 outlines development of methodology for the acylative desymmetrisation of biaryl phenols. After optimisation of the desymmetrisation of a model system, computational and experimental techniques were used to probe the selectivity and mechanism of the process. The methodology was then extended to a scope of 14 biaryl substrates, providing highly enantioenriched products (up to 98:2 er, 54% isolated yield). Discussion of the mechanism of their formation, and the enantioselectivity of the process is also provided. Chapter 3 outlines attempts to extend the methodology developed in chapter 2 to the synthesis of molecules with a C–N stereogenic axis. The synthesis of several target biaryl heterocycle substrates was attempted and tentative attempts to adapt current acyl transfer methodology to these species is described. Additionally, the synthesis of atropisomeric anilides via N-acylation of secondary anilines is detailed. Chapter 4 contains a summary of the work that has been carried out for this thesis and the potential extensions to future work within the field of Lewis base organocatalysis. Chapter 5 provides the experimental details for the synthesis of the compounds which are contained in this thesis, as well as the associated analytical data for their characterisation.
Electron Removal Self Energy and its application to Ca2CuO2Cl2
Creators: name: Kim, Chul
name: Park, S. R.
name: Leem, C. S.
name: Song, D. J.
name: Jin, H. U.
name: Kim, H. -D.
name: Ronning, F.
name: Kim, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose using the self energy defined for the electron removal Green's function. Starting from the electron removal Green's function, we obtained expressions for the removal self energy Sigma^ER (k,omega) that are applicable for non-quasiparticle photoemission spectral functions from a single band system. Our method does not assume momentum independence and produces the self energy in the full k-omega space. The method is applied to the angle resolved photoemission from Ca_2CuO_2Cl_2 and the result is found to be compatible with the self energy value from the peak width of sharp features. The self energy is found to be only weakly k-dependent. In addition, the Im Sigma shows a maximum at around 1 eV where the high energy kink is located.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Early solar irradiation as a source of the inner solar system chromium isotopic heterogeneity
Creators: name: Kadlag, Yogita
name: Hirtz, Jason
name: Becker, Harry
name: Leya, Ingo
name: Mezger, Klaus
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: solar irradiation
subject: inner solar system
subject: chromium isotopic heterogeneity
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::520 Astronomie::520 Astronomie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Different solar system objects display variable abundances of neutron-rich isotopes such as 54Cr, 50Ti, and 48Ca, which are commonly attributed to a heterogeneous distribution of presolar grains in different domains of the solar system. Here, we show that the heterogeneity of 54Cr/52Cr and the correlation of 54Cr/52Cr with Fe/Cr in metal fractions of EH3 chondrites and in inner solar system bodies can be attributed to variable irradiation of dust grains by solar energetic particles and variable mixing of irradiated material in the different domains of the inner solar nebula. The isotope variations in inner solar system objects can be generated by ~300 y long local irradiation of mm- to cm-sized solids with average solar energetic particle fluxes of ~105 times the modern value. The relative homogeneity of 53Cr/52Cr in inner solar system objects can be a consequence of the production of 53Mn by the early irradiation of dust, evaporation, and nebula-wide homogenization of Mn due to high temperatures, followed by Mn/Cr fractionation within the first few million years of the solar system. The 54Cr/52Cr of the Earth can be produced by irradiated pebbles and <15 wt% of CI chondrite like material. Alternatively, Earth may contain only a few % of CI chondrite like material but then must have an Fe/Cr ratio 10–15% higher than CI chondrites.
Study on sensitivity of electric bus systems under simultaneous optimization of charging infrastructure and vehicle schedules
Creators: name: Stumpe, Miriam
name: Rößler, David
name: Schryen, Guido
name: Kliewer, Natalia
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Electric bus systems
subject: Sensitivity analysis
subject: Charging station location
subject: Variable neighborhood search
subject: Simultaneous optimization
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr::388 Verkehr; Landverkehr

description: The transition from traditional fuel-based bus transportation towards electric bus systems is regarded as a beacon of hope for emission-free public transport. In this study, we focus on battery electric bus systems, in which charging is possible at a variety of locations distributed at terminal stations over the entire bus network. In such systems, two intertwined planning problems to be considered are charging location planning and electric vehicle scheduling. We account for the interdependent nature of both planning problems by adopting a simultaneous optimization perspective. Acknowledging the existence of parameter uncertainty in such complex planning situations, which is rooted in potential changes of values of several environmental factors, we analyze the solution sensitivity to several of these factors in order to derive methodological guidance for decision makers in public transportation organizations. Based on the formulation of a new mathematical model and the application of a variable neighborhood search metaheuristic, we conduct sensitivity analysis by means of numerical experiments drawing on real-world data. The experiments reveal that it is not possible to identify persistent structures for charging locations by an a priori analysis of the problem instances, so that rather a simultaneous optimization is necessary. Furthermore, the experiments show that the configuration of electric bus systems reacts sensitively to parameter changes.
Dynamic Origin of Vortex Core Switching in Soft Magnetic Nanodots
Creators: name: Guslienko, Konstantin Yu.
name: Lee, Ki-Suk
name: Kim, Sang-Koog
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic vortex with the in-plane curling magnetization and the out-of-plane magnetization at the core is a unique ground state in nanoscale magnetic elements. This kind of magnetic vortex can be used as a memory unit for information storage, through its downward or upward core-orientation and, thus, controllable core switching deserves some special attention. Our analytical and micromagnetic calculations reveal that the origin of the vortex core reversal is a gyrotropic field. This field is induced by vortex dynamic motion and is proportional to the velocity of the moving vortex. Our calculations elucidate the physical origin of the vortex core dynamic reversal and offer a key to effective manipulation of the vortex-core orientation.
description: 17 pages and 3 figures
Modelling the transport and pattern formation of gyrotactic microswimmer suspensions
Creators: name: Fung, Lloyd Sun-Lloyd
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: Gyrotaxis describes the tendency of bottom-heavy motile micro-organisms to swim sideways under the balancing of gravitational and viscous torque. A suspension of gyrotactic microswimmers will self-focus into a plume in a pipe with a shearing downflow. This work utilises the dilute assumption and model microswimmers, such as the gyrotactic Chlamydomonas and Dunaliella, as hydrodynamically contributing (but not interacting) particles in a flowing suspension that are also subjected to rotational noise. In this framework, the suspension is governed by the Smoluchowski equation and the Navier-Stokes equation. We then further reduce the Smoluchowski equation into a transport equation for the swimmers using the Fokker-Planck model and the generalised Taylor dispersion (GTD) model. Both models are used to calculate the formation of the gyrotactic plume and the subsequent blip instability via a stability analysis. The Fokker-Planck model is found to be not as accurate as the GTD model. The calculation of the gyrotactic plume also results in the discovery of a series of imperfect transcritical bifurcations in the uniform solution and a singular solution when the Richardson number approaches a certain threshold. The transcritical bifurcations are likely linked to the formation of bioconvective patterns, whereas the singular solution is found to be an extension of Kessler (!986). Despite encouraging results from the GTD model, it cannot be applied in a general flow field or capture shear trapping in inhomogeneous shear flows. Therefore, a new model using a novel transformation and local approximation of the Smoluchowski equation is proposed. The resulting new transport model performs better than the GTD model due to its ability to capture shear trapping. It also exposes many new drifts and dispersions arising from the interaction between the orientational and spatial dynamics. Nevertheless, this new framework can be further improved by including the semi-dilute effect and better modelling at the wall.
The Neutrophil Gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), a NF-kB regulated gene, is a survival factor for thyroid neoplastic cells
Creators: name: Iannetti, Alessio
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2008

description: ABSTRACT
 NF-κB is constitutively activated in primary human thyroid tumors, particularly in those of anaplastic type. The inhibition of NF-κB activity in the human anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cell line, FRO, leads to an increased susceptibility to chemotherapeutic drug-induced apoptosis and to the blockage of their ability to form tumors in nude mice. To identify NF-κB target genes involved in thyroid cancer, we analyzed the secretome of conditioned media from parental and NF-κB-null FRO cells. Proteomic analysis revealed that the neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), a protein involved in inflammatory and immune responses, is secreted by FRO cells whereas its expression is strongly reduced in the NF-κB-null FRO cells. NGAL is highly expressed in human thyroid carcinomas, and knocking down its expression blocks the ability of FRO cells to grow in soft agar and form tumors in nude mice. These effects are reverted by the addition of! either recombinant NGAL or FRO conditioned medium. In addition, we show that the prosurvival activity of NGAL is mediated by its ability to bind and transport iron inside the cells. Our data suggest that NF-κB contributes to thyroid tumor cell survival by controlling iron uptake via NGAL.
Ethnicity and interpersonal influence : an expectation states approach
Creators: name: Buchan, Shari Lynn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis examines the relationship between ethnicity and perceived competence within the framework of status generalization theory. The theory holds that status characteristics which are significant in the larger society (e.g., sex, age, ethnicity) come to affect expectations of performance and actual performance outputs in task oriented groups. Ethnicity was chosen as the independent variable, and "White" and "East Indian" constituted the values of the variable. The study was initiated in order to determine the effect of ethnicity (as operationalized) on the amount of influence accepted and the performance standards applied to self and other. The thesis outlines the theory and the scope conditions under which it applies. As well, evidence is provided to substantiate the claim that ethnicity is a status characteristic in Canada and that, in particular, persons of East Indian origin are considered to be of low status. The results of two related experiments are discussed, the first examining the effects of ethnicity alone, and the second examining the combined effect of ethnicity and performance on the dependent variables identified. The findings of Experiment One show some support for the prediction that East Indians are perceived as less competent than Whites. However, the effect of the variable is not as strong as predicted. As a further indication that the variable (as operationalized) lacks strength, the effects of ethnicity are eliminated with the introduction of equal and average scores in Experiment Two. Contrary to expectations, gender differences are evident in both experiments.
ADVANCING ACTIVE SAFETY AND TESTING METHODOLOGIES TOWARDS THE PROTECTION OF VULNERABLE ROAD USERS
Creators: name: Cieślik, Ilona
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Active safety
AEB
Video systems & radar systems
VRU

description: PROBLEM VS. SOLUTION

In 2017, 21% of road fatalities on EU roads were pedestrians and 8% cyclists [1].

Until a few years ago AEB was an exotic and rare auto feature. Today 30 % of new cars are fitted with AEB as a standard [2].

…An idea is to call for safer vehicle standards such as mandatory fitment of AEB, ISA … a solid framework for automated driving.

[1] The European Commission - Fact Sheet, 2017 road safety statistics: What is behind the figures?

[2] Euro NCAP, Roadmap 2020-2025
APPLICAZIONE DI TECNOLOGIE DI AFFUMICAMENTO E DI COTTURA PER LO SVILUPPO DI PRODOTTI A BASE DI THUNNUS THYNNUS
Creators: name: Di Filippo, Fabiana
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2008

description: La richiesta di tonno affumicato sembra essere in crescente aumento in Italia come in altri Paesi europei. Questo ha determinato la presenza sul mercato di tonno appartenente in elevata percentuale alla specie Thunnus albacares, importato e fino a pochi anni fa destinato esclusivamente alla produzione di tonno in scatola. La produzione di tonno affumicato, variamente preparato e confezionato, a partire da Thunnus thynnus, specie pescata prevalentemente nel Mediterraneo e nei nostri mari, consente di poter valorizzare la produzione campana che detiene la movimentazione di oltre il 60% del pescato di tale specie.
Le richieste di mercato del tonno fresco sono in aumento, in particolar modo da parte di acquirenti del mercato orientale, in quanto costituisce la materia prima di alcuni prodotti tipici come il sashimi, piatto a base di pesce crudo. Dal momento che la presenza del Thunnus thynnus (bluefin) è limitata a determinate aree dei mari del mondo e che, in relazione all’incremento delle richieste di mercato, tale specie è sottoposta ad un’elevata pressione di pesca, la risposta commerciale può essere lo sviluppo di tecniche di allevamento di questa specie ma soprattutto la diversificazione delle attuali forme commerciali (fresco, congelato o trasformato).
Obiettivi della ricerca svolta nel corso del triennio del dottorato di ricerca sono stati appunto quelli di valorizzare il prodotto ittico campano attraverso la creazione di prodotti innovativi e concorrenziali a base di Thunnus thynnus, testando, nella prima fase della sperimentazione, l’utilizzo di metodiche di affumicamento tradizionali su tagli muscolari interi, da destinare in tranci al catering e in fette monoporzione alla vendita al dettaglio. Nella seconda fase della sperimentazione è stata testata una tecnologia completamente innovativa di cottura atta a produrre tonno stampato cotto con tagli muscolari interi ed anche da pezzi muscolari meno pregiati.
Con quest’ultima tipologia si è inteso valorizzare anche parti del tonno meno nobili
Developing a Culture of Mentoring and Coaching in a Mainstream Secondary Context Through the Use of Lesson Study
Creators: name: Oberholzer, Lizana
Publisher: name: University of East London, Cass School of Education and Communities
Year: 2019

description: Mentoring and coaching has been highlighted as one of the most underused strategies to develop whole school development for teachers, and in many cases mentoring and coaching’s value, as a cognitive leadership approach, can have invaluable impact on leading change, and the outcomes for learners (Cameron & Green 2012). The study explores how mentoring and coaching is used, to develop collaborative professionalism through the use of lesson study to improve teaching and learning outcomes in a mainstream secondary context. It highlights how shared collaborative practice leads to effective teaching and learning practice, which not only impacts positively on teaching staff, but on learner experiences too.
Gruppi con molti sottogruppi normali
Creators: name: De Mari, Fausto
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2006

description: [ITALIANO] In questa tesi si studiano i gruppi (infiniti) che verificano una condizione che assicuri la presenza di “molti” sottogruppi normali; in particolare, nel primo capitolo, si descrive la struttura dei gruppi risolubili (generalizzati) che verificano una condizione di catena sull’insieme dei sottogruppi non-normali.
E’ semplice accorgersi che un gruppo risolubile con un numero finito di sottogruppi subnormali è finito. Questo suggerisce che, almeno nell’universo dei gruppi risolubili, la presenza di molti sottogruppi normali può essere garantita da opportune condizioni (finitarie) imposte all’insieme dei sottogruppi subnormali non-normali: alcune condizioni di questo tipo sono l’oggetto del secondo capitolo della tesi. / [ENGLISH] In this paper we study (infinite) groups satisfying some condition ensuring the exitence of “many” normal subgroups; in particular, in the first chapter, it is described the structure of (generalized) soluble groups satisfying some chain condition on non-normal subgoups.
It is easy to see that any soluble group with finitely many subnormal subgroups is finite. This suggests that, for soluble groups, the existence of many normal subgroups can be ensured by a suitable (finiteness) condition on the set of all subnormal non-normal subgroups: some of these conditions are the object of the second chapter of the paper.
Strutture lineari-ordinate nel reticolo delle partizioni di un insieme e applicazioni ai gruppi di Butler
Creators: name: Caruso, Immacolata
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2006

description: Ci si occupa di uno strumento lineare-combinatorio (una {0,1} tabella detta “tenda” con funzionamento e trasformazioni affatto originali che può essere utilizzato in molti ambiti in cui sia rilevante l’esistenza di una base ridondante. Analizzando le proprietà della tenda associata ad un automorfismo di uno spazio vettoriale su Z2 di dimensione finita, si migliora significativamente un recente risultato sulle rappresentazioni di uno spazio vettoriale di dimensione finita. Da tale miglioramento scaturisce una caratterizzazione dei gruppi abeliani completamente decomponibili.
Inoltre, vengono affrontati alcuni problemi sui rapporti fra la struttura d’ordine e la struttura lineare del reticolo delle partizioni di un insieme finito pervenendo ad una loro più maneggevole formulazione.
Infine, ci si occupa delle applicazioni dello strumento tenda nello studio dei B(1) -gruppi di Butler in particolare in relazione alle loro decomposizioni dirette.
Analysis of galaxy kinematics based on Cepheids from the Gaia DR2 Catalogue
Creators: name: Bobylev, V. V.
name: Bajkova, A. T.
name: Rastorguev, A. S.
name: Zabolotskikh, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To construct the rotation curve of the Galaxy, classical Cepheids with proper motions, parallaxes and line-of-sight velocities from the Gaia DR2 Catalog are used in large part. The working sample formed from literature data contains about 800 Cepheids with estimates of their age. We determined that the linear rotation velocity of the Galaxy at a solar distance is $V_0=240\pm3$~km s$^{-1}$. In this case, the distance from the Sun to the axis of rotation of the Galaxy is found to be $R_0=8.27\pm0.10$~kpc. A spectral analysis of radial and residual tangential velocities of Cepheids younger than 120 Myr showed close estimates of the parameters of the spiral density wave obtained from data both at present time and in the past. So, the value of the wavelength $λ_{R,θ}$ is in the range of [2.4--3.0] kpc, the pitch angle $i_{R,θ}$ is in the range of [$-13^\circ$,$-10^\circ$] for a four-arm pattern model, the amplitudes of the radial and tangential perturbations are $f_R\sim12$~km s$^{-1}$ and $f_θ\sim9$~km s$^{-1}$, respectively. Velocities of Cepheids older than 120 Myr are currently giving a wavelength $λ_{R,θ}\sim5$~kpc. This value differs significantly from one that we obtained from the samples of young Cepheids. An analysis of positions and velocities of old Cepheids, calculated by integrating their orbits backward in time, made it possible to determine significantly more reliable values of the parameters of the spiral density wave: wavelength $λ_{R,θ}=2.7$~kpc, amplitudes of radial and tangential perturbations are $f_R=7.9$~km s$^{-1}$ and $f_θ=5$~km s$^{-1}$, respectively.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures, 2 tables
On the application of iterative solvers to KKT systems in Interior Point methods for Large-Scale Quadratic Programming problems
Creators: name: Cafieri, Sonia
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2006

description: Interior Point methods for linear and nonlinear optimization problems have received an increasing attention in the last years. A crucial issue in the development of efficient Interior Point software is the solution of the linear system, named KKT system, that arises at each iteration of the method. Iterative solvers appear to be very promising, however the use of effective preconditioners is mandatory because of the increasing ill-conditioning of the system when the iterates generated by the Interior Point method approach the solution.
   The aim of the research activity described in this thesis has been the analysis, the development and the implementation of iterative methods for the efficient solution of the KKT systems arising at each iteration of Interior Point methods for large-scale convex Quadratic Programming problems.
   We focus on KKT systems reduced to the well known augmented system and normal equations forms and we consider a preconditioned Conjugate Gradient method for their solution. Specifically we consider an incomplete Cholesky factorization with limited memory for the normal equations approach and a constraint preconditioner  for the augmented system approach. In the last case, we analyze the behaviour of the constraint preconditioner with the Conjugate Gradient algorithm and we show, for KKT systems deriving from linear inequality constraints and nonnegativity bounds on the variables, the equivalence with a suitable preconditioned Conjugate Gradient applied to the positive definite normal equations.
   The Interior Point framework is given by the Potential Reduction method. Due to our interest on the iterative solution of the linear systems,  we extend convergence results for the Potential Reduction method in the case of inexact solution of the KKT system arising at each iteration.
   We describe two software packages that have been developed for solving large-scale convex quadratic problems with the considered algorithms. We discuss some  implementation issues, mainly focusing on those related to the solution of the KKT systems with iterative methods. We describe a computational study of stopping criteria of the preconditioned Conjugate Gradient method for solving the KKT systems. We present results of numerical experiments carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approaches on a set of large-scale quadratic problems. We also compare our software packages to a well-estabilished software for nonlinear optimization problems.
Influenza dell’effetto Marangoni sull’efficienza di heat pipes per applicazioni spaziali.
Creators: name: Di Francescantonio, Nicola
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2006

description: L'obiettivo principale della presente Tesi di Dottorato è stato quello di studiare l’influenza dell’effetto Marangoni sulle fenomenologie tipiche degli heat pipes. Mediante una sistematica attività sperimentale, condotta parallelamente a simulazioni numeriche, si è studiato il ruolo delle forze di tensione superficiale sul funzionamento di heat pipes e, al tempo stesso, sono stati proposti fluidi dalle particolari proprietà di tensione superficiale, in modo da migliorarne le prestazioni, soprattutto in condizioni di microgravità. Tra i principali risultati vanno menzionati:

1) la caratterizzazione delle proprietà di soluzioni alcoliche con andamento non lineare della tensione superficiale in funzione della temperatura;

2) lo studio dell’effetto Marangoni inverso e delle sue implicazioni sul funzionamento di heat pipes, attraverso l’utilizzo di configurazioni preliminari di interesse (capillari, film di liquido soggetto a gradiente termico all’interno di cuvettes, tubi in vetro);

3) la misura dello scambio termico di heat pipes in diverse configurazioni (verticale, orizzontale), utilizzando acqua pura e soluzioni alcoliche con diverse concentrazioni.

In particolare, confermando le previsioni teoriche, gli heat pipes riempiti con soluzioni ad effetto Marangoni inverso hanno mostrato prestazioni migliori rispetto a quelle di heat pipes convenzionali (contenenti acqua bi-distillata). I risultati ottenuti, inoltre, sono di particolare interesse per le industrie interessate allo sviluppo di scambiatori di calore e in particolare le aziende impegnate nella realizzazione e commercializzazione di micro heat pipes per applicazioni spaziali. Alla luce di tali risultati sarà infatti sviluppato un payload sperimentale da imbarcare a bordo di un volo parabolico e di un microsatellite, sviluppato dall’ Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, con il fine ultimo di realizzare pannelli innovativi per lo smaltimento del calore prodotto all’interno di satelliti.
Real-time particle size analysis using focused beam reflectance measurement as a process analytical technology tool for continuous microencapsulation process
Creators: name: Muhaimin, Muhaimin
name: Chaerunisaa, Anis Yohana
name: Bodmeier, Roland
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: chemistry
subject: materials science
subject: process analytical technology tool
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: The online real-time particle size analysis of the microencapsules manufacturing process using the continuous solvent evaporation method was performed using focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM). In this paper, we use FBRM measurements to investigate the effects of polymer type and compare the size distributions to those obtained using other sizing methods such as optical microscope and laser diffraction. FBRM was also utilized to measure the length-weighted chord length distribution (CLD) and particle size distribution (PSD) online during particle solidification, which could not be done with laser diffraction or nested sieve analysis. The chord lengths and CLD data were taken at specific times using an online FBRM probe mounted below the microparticle. The timing of the FBRM determinations was coordinated with the selection of microparticle samples for particle size analysis by optical microscope and laser diffraction calculation as a reference. For all three produced batches tested, FBRM, laser diffraction, and sieve analysis yielded similar results. Hardening time for the transformation of emulsion droplets into solid microparticles occurred within the first 10.5, 19, 25, 30, and 55 min, according to FBRM results. The FBRM CLDs revealed that a larger particle size mean resulted in a longer CLD and a lower peak of particle number. The FBRM data revealed that the polymer type had a significant impact on microparticle CLD and the transformation process.
Human Symmetry Uncertainty Detected by a Self-Organizing Neural Network Map
Creators: name: Dresp-Langley, Birgitta
name: Wandeto, John M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Symmetry in biological and physical systems is a product of self organization driven by evolutionary processes, or mechanical systems under constraints. Symmetry based feature extrac-tion or representation by neural networks may unravel the most informative contents in large image databases. Despite significant achievements of artificial intelligence in recognition and classification of regular patterns, the problem of uncertainty remains a major challenge in ambiguous data. In this study, we present an artificial neural network that detects symmetry uncertainty states in human observers. To this end, we exploit a neural network metric in the output of a biologically inspired Self Organizing Map, the Quantization Error (SOM QE). Shape pairs with perfect geometric mirror symmetry but a non-homogenous appearance, caused by local variations in hue, saturation, or lightness within or across the shapes in a given pair produce, as shown here, longer choice RT for yes responses relative to symmetry. These data are consistently mirrored by the variations in the SOM QE from unsupervised neural network analysis of the same stimulus images. The neural network metric is thus capable of detecting and scaling human symmetry uncertainty in response to patterns. Such capacity is tightly linked to the metrics proven selectivity to local contrast and color variations in large and highly complex image data.
LiNiO$_2$ as a high-entropy charge- and bond-disproportionated glass
Creators: name: Foyevtsova, Kateryna
name: Elfimov, Ilya
name: Rottler, Joerg
name: Sawatzky, George A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding microscopic properties of LiNiO$_2$, a Li-ion battery cathode material with extraordinarily high reversible capacity, has remained a challenge for decades. Based on extensive electronic structure calculations, which reveal a large number of nearly degenerate phases involving local Jahn-Teller effect as well as bond and oxygen-based charge disproportionation, we propose that LiNiO$_2$ exists in a high-entropy charge-glass like state at and below ambient temperatures. Recognizing the glassy nature of LiNiO$_2$ does not only explain its key experimental features, but also opens a new path in designing entropy-stabilized battery cathodes with superb capacities.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Cold Fermi atomic gases in a pumped optical resonator
Creators: name: Larson, Jonas
name: Morigi, Giovanna
name: Lewenstein, Maciej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study systems of fully polarized ultracold atomic gases obeying Fermi statistics. The atomic transition interacts dispersively with a mode of a standing-wave cavity, which is coherently pumped by a laser. In this setup, the intensity of the intracavity field is determined by the refractive index of the atomic medium, and thus by the atomic density distribution. Vice versa, the density distribution of the atom is determined by the cavity field potential, whose depth is proportional to the intracavity field amplitude. In this work we show that this nonlinearity leads to an instability in the intracavity intensity that differs substantially from dispersive optical bistability, as this effect is already present in the regime, where the atomic dipole is proportional to the cavity field. Such instability is driven by the matter waves fluctuations and exhibits a peculiar dependence on the fluctuations in the atomic density distribution.
description: Two column, three figures. Replaced with final version
X-Ray flares in Orion Young Stars. II. Flares, Magnetospheres, and Protoplanetary Disks
Creators: name: Getman, Konstantin V.
name: Feigelson, Eric D.
name: Micela, Giuseppina
name: Jardine, Moira M.
name: Gregory, Scott G.
name: Garmire, Gordon P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the properties of powerful X-ray flares from 161 pre-main sequence (PMS) stars observed with the Chandra X-ray Observatory in the Orion Nebula region. Relationships between flare properties, protoplanetary disks and accretion are examined in detail to test models of star-disk interactions at the inner edge of the accretion disks. Previous studies had found no differences in flaring between diskfree and accreting systems other than a small overall diminution of X-ray luminosity in accreting systems. The most important finding is that X-ray coronal extents in fast-rotating diskfree stars can significantly exceed the Keplerian corotation radius, whereas X-ray loop sizes in disky and accreting systems do not exceed the corotation radius. This is consistent with models of star-disk magnetic interaction where the inner disk truncates and confines the PMS stellar magnetosphere. We also find two differences between flares in accreting and diskfree PMS stars. First, a subclass of super-hot flares with peak plasma temperatures exceeding 100 MK are preferentially present in accreting systems. Second, we tentatively find that accreting stars produce flares with shorter durations. Both results may be consequences of the distortion and destabilization of the stellar magnetosphere by the interacting disk. Finally, we find no evidence that any flare types, even slow-rise flat-top flares are produced in star-disk magnetic loops. All are consistent with enhanced solar long-duration events with both footprints anchored in the stellar surface.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ (07/17/08); 46 pages, 14 figures, 2 tables
Statistical mechanics and stability of a model eco-system
Creators: name: Yoshino, Yoshimi
name: Galla, Tobias
name: Tokita, Kei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a model ecosystem by means of dynamical techniques from disordered systems theory. The model describes a set of species subject to competitive interactions through a background of resources, which they feed upon. Additionally direct competitive or co-operative interaction between species may occur through a random coupling matrix. We compute the order parameters of the system in a fixed point regime, and identify the onset of instability and compute the phase diagram. We focus on the effects of variability of resources, direct interaction between species, co-operation pressure and dilution on the stability and the diversity of the ecosystem. It is shown that resources can be exploited optimally only in absence of co-operation pressure or direct interaction between species.
description: 23 pages, 13 figures; text of paper modified, discussion extended, references added
Hole Structures in Nonlocally Coupled Noisy Phase Oscillators
Creators: name: Kawamura, Yoji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that a system of nonlocally coupled noisy phase oscillators can collectively exhibit a hole structure, which manifests itself in the spatial phase distribution of the oscillators. The phase model is described by a nonlinear Fokker-Planck equation, which can be reduced to the complex Ginzburg-Landau equation near the Hopf bifurcation point of the uniform solution. By numerical simulations, we show that the hole structure clearly appears in the space-dependent order parameter, which corresponds to the Nozaki-Bekki hole solution of the complex Ginzburg-Landau equation.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. E
A light echo from the warm outflow in the ULIRG F01004-2237 following a major flare in its optical continuum emission
Creators: name: Tadhunter, C.
name: Patel, M.
name: Mullaney, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Emission-line variability studies have the potential to provide key information about the structures of the near-nuclear outflow regions of AGN. Here we present a VLT/Xshooter spectrum of the nucleus of the ULIRG F01004-2237 that was taken in August 2018, about 8 yr after a major flare in its integrated optical emission. Compared with our WHT/ISIS spectrum from September 2015, the broad, red wings of the emission lines most closely associated with the flaring event, including HeII(4686), NIII(4100,4640) and HeI(5876), have substantially declined in flux. In contrast, the broad, blue wings that dominate the [OIII], [NeIII], [NeV] and [OI] forbidden lines have increased in flux by a factor 1.4 - 4.4 (depending on the line). Moreover, the [FeVII](6087) line is detected in the new spectrum for the first time. We interpret these results in terms of a light echo from the outflowing warm gas: the direct emission from the flaring event is continuing to fade, but due to light travel time effects we are only now observing the impact of the flare on the emission from the extended outflow region. Unless the outflow is confined to a small range of angles close to our line of sight, these observations imply that the outflow must be relatively compact (r<50 pc). In terms of the nature of the flare event, we speculate that the properties of the F01004-2237 flare may be the result of a tidal disruption event (TDE) occurring in an object with pre-existing AGN activity.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
On the Index of Congruence Subgroups of Aut(F_n)
Creators: name: Appel, Daniel
name: Ribnere, Evija
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For an epimorphism pi of the free group F_n onto a finite group G write Gamma(G,pi) for the group of all automorphisms f of F_n for which pi*f = pi. This is called the standard congruence subgroup of Aut(F_n) associated to G and pi. In the case n = 2 we present formulas for the index of Gamma(G,pi) where G is abelian or dihedral. Moreover, we show that congruence subgroups associated to dihedral groups provide a family of subgroups of arbitrary large index in Aut(F_2) generated by a fixed number of elements. This implies that finite index subgroups of Aut(F_2) cannot be written as free products.
Inference from Matrix Products: A Heuristic Spin Glass Algorithm
Creators: name: Hastings, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an algorithm for finding ground states of two dimensional spin glass systems based on ideas from matrix product states in quantum information theory. The algorithm works directly at zero temperature and defines an approximate "boundary Hamiltonian" whose accuracy depends on a parameter $k$. We test the algorithm against exact methods on random field and random bond Ising models, and we find that accurate results require a $k$ which scales roughly polynomially with the system size. The algorithm also performs well when tested on small systems with arbitrary interactions, where no fast, exact algorithms exist. The time required is significantly less than Monte Carlo schemes.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, minor typos fixed