cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Zebrafish as a new model for the in vivo study of Toxoplasma gondii interaction with phagocytes
Creators: name: Yoshida, Nagisa
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular parasite and paradigm for the study of the host immune response to infection at the cellular and molecular level. The zebrafish larva is a well-established model for the study of bacterial, viral and fungal infections in vivo. In this thesis, I use the zebrafish larva to set up a novel in vivo infection model for Toxoplasma. I use this model to explore innate leukocyte dynamics and function, and investigate the cell-intrinsic immune response to Toxoplasma infection. I also develop new tools for the in-depth study of cell-intrinsic mechanisms involved in parasite restriction. Recent studies have revealed fundamental differences in the innate host response to Toxoplasma infection between human and mice suggesting that another animal model could provide new insights into Toxoplasma control. In Chapter 1, I develop a zebrafish larval model to study Toxoplasma infection in vivo. Macrophages and neutrophils make up the cellular innate immune response, and are the first cells to respond to pathogen invasion. Studies using mice have shown that both macrophages and neutrophils are crucial for the in vivo control of Toxoplasma. However, different reports suggest that Toxoplasma can exploit macrophage and / or neutrophil biology to promote their survival. In Chapter 2, I use the Toxoplasma-zebrafish infection model developed in Chapter 1 to reveal that macrophages significantly contribute to Toxoplasma clearance in vivo. Moreover, I test for strain-specific differences in establishing infection, and show that type II and III strains establish a higher parasite burden than type I strains in vivo. Guanylate binding proteins (GBPs) are important mediators of IFN-γ-induced cell-intrinsic restriction of Toxoplasma. GBPs have been implicated in multiple cell-intrinsic pathways, including host cell death. Recent developments have highlighted key differences in GBP-mediated immunity between the human and mouse and how human GBPs restrict Toxoplasma remains poorly understood. In Chapter 3, I discover that macrophages induce host cell death to promote parasite clearance, and also reveal parasite restriction occurs independently of host cell death. Finally, I generated a zebrafish GBP2 knockout line by CRISPR/Cas to explore the role of GBPs in cell-intrinsic Toxoplasma control. Overall, the findings in this thesis highlight zebrafish larva as a useful model for the study of Toxoplasma infection. I use this model to reveal important roles for macrophages in Toxoplasma clearance in vivo.
British Gallup Poll: CQ 009
Creators: name: Social Surveys (Gallup Poll) Limited
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 1996

description: Government approval rating(1); Thatcher approval rating(1); political party leaders(3); political party(2); 1987 election(2); most important problem(15); British and Argentine talks(10); future of Falklands(7); unemployment(1); price increase(2); personal financial situation(2); best time save/spend(2); popular products/trends(10).
title: The Nation of Gods and Earths
Creators: name: Hann, Gianni
Year: 2018

description: Diese Arbeit macht es sich zur Aufgabe, eine Bewegung der westlichen Welt, welche vorrangig in den USA präsent und entstanden ist, und sich selbst als Islam bezeichnet, zu erklären. Die Bewegung, um die es sich dabei handelt, nennt sich zumeist The Nation of Gods and Earths, aber ebenso u.a. auch The Five Percenters oder The Five Percent Nation of Islam. Sie ist eine Splittergruppe der Nation of Islam und entstand in der zweiten Hälfte der 1960er-Jahre. Gleich der Nation of Islam, doch im Gegensatz zum Islam, wie er allgemein weltweit verstanden wird, ist The Nation of Gods and Earths der Ansicht, dass Gott ein Mensch bzw. Mann schwarzer Hautfarbe ist. Zumindest ein jeder Mann auf Erden, ausgenommen des „weißen“ Menschen kann sich aufgrund der Hautfarbe als The Original Man bzw. The Asiatic Black Man bezeichnen. Die „weiße Rasse“ wiederum ist ein Produkt beabsichtigter genetischer Veränderung und von ihrer Veranlagung her schlecht wie auch böse. Da diese Bewegung kaum wissenschaftlich erforscht ist, möchte diese Arbeit zu erklären versuchen, was diese Bewegung, die sich selbst nicht als Religion sondern als Lebensweg versteht, z.B. unter grundsätzlichen islamischen Begriffen wie etwa Allah, Islam oder Muslim versteht, wie auch wer diese besagten Götter (Gods) und die Erden (Earths) sein sollen. Um zu verstehen, wie diese Bewegung entstehen konnte, wird ebenso die klassische Phase der schwarz- nationalistischen Bewegungen in den USA und speziell die Nation of Islam, deren Glaubenssystem in großen Teilen von The Nation of Gods and Earths adaptiert wurde, zu erklären versucht. Ebenso findet in dieser Arbeit ihr pädagogisches Vorgehen zur Missionierung, welches ihr Augenmerk speziell auf Jugendliche richtet, Erwähnung. Da einige ihrer Anhänger zu den weltweit bekanntesten Hip-Hop-Interpreten zählen, sich selbst in ihren Liedern oder Interviews als Islam (I.S.L.A.M. = I-Self-Master-and-Lord) bezeichnen, oftmals chiffriert ausdrücken und aufgrund dessen irrtümlicherweise als Muslime betrachtet werden, wird versucht, die Bedeutung gewisser grundlegender Ausdrücke, welche auf dem Supreme Alphabets und den Supreme Mathematics basieren, zu erläutern. Da das Supreme Alphabets und die Supreme Mathematics wie auch die 120 Lessons der Nation of Gods and Earths die essentiellen Grundlagen dieser Bewegung sind, werden auch diese zu erklären versucht.
title: Mit, für oder gegen den Plurinationalen Staat
Creators: name: Jasser, Marie Theresa
Year: 2018

description: Seit dem Jahr 2006 regiert die Partei MAS in Bolivien und erhebt explizit den Anspruch, eine progressive Regierung der sozialen Bewegungen zu sein, ordnet die Interessen der sozialen Bewegungen aber zunehmend den Parteiinteressen unter. So kommt es vermehrt zu Widerstand aus den sozialen Bewegungen welchem mit Repressionen begegnet wird. Andere Bewegungen werden durch klientelistische Beziehungen in die Regierung mit eingebunden. In der vorliegenden Arbeit betrachte ich diese Beziehung zum Plurinationalen Staat am Beispiel feministischer Bewegungen. Diese Bewegungen wurden bisher weder kooptiert, noch wurden sie mit umfassenden Repressionen konfrontiert. Ich argumentiere ich mithilfe relationaler feministischer Staatstheorien, dass die spezifischen Staatsbeziehungen feministischer Bewegungen in Bolivien durch deren Beziehung zum Staat strukturiert werden. Auch deshalb unterscheiden sich die spezifischen Strategien der feministischen Bewegungen, da sie auf unterschiedliche Weise auf die strategischen Selektivitäten des Bolivianischen Staates einwirken.
description: In Bolivia, the MAS party is in power since 2006. It claims to be a party of and by the social movements that brought it into power and facilitated the creation of a constitutional assembly, refounding the state in 2009 as the Plurinational State of Bolivia. Since then, the MAS government and the social movements have undergone changes in their relationships. The interests of the social movement have been largely subdued by the government’s interest and parts of the social movements have entered clientelistic relationships with the government. Critical movements suffer from repression. Consulting relational feminist and decolonial state theories, I examine the feminist movement as one that has suffered neither repression nor cooptation by the government. In this work I show, how the stance different currents of feminist movements take towards the state and the MAS government structures their strategies as well as the relationship between the feminist currents themselves.
The Multicultural Context and Multidimensional Scope of Peace
Creators: name: MALAN, JANNIE
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4404
subject: Development studies
classificationCode: 440402
subject: Humanitarian disasters, conflict and peacebuilding

description: Since culture is deeply rooted in human beings of all groups, its role in both causing conflict and resolving conflict can be quite dynamic. Through time-proven traditions of dealing with conflict, culture can function constructively and meaningfully. Culture can also harbour divisive elements, however, which lead to discrimination against people of other cultures, and to conflict. When a breakthrough to mutual cultural understanding and respect has taken place, however, much more than an ad hoc peace agreement can be reached. A transformed and coexistential situation can become a reality. Both traditional and contemporary methods of dealing with conflict should be explored and utilised as necessary. Appropriate development, of which the people concerned can take ownership and to which they can commit themselves, should be supported. A climate of harmonious but realistic and natural coexistence should be promoted.
With Eyes Turned Skyward: John James Audubon and Nineteenth-Century Ornithology
Creators: name: Lo, Anthony (Tony)
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Birds
subject: Biography
subject: Early America
subject: Early United Kingdom
subject: Artist
subject: Nineteenth-Century
subject: Ornithology

description: Two ornithologists of starkly different approach, Alexander Wilson and John James Audubon, dominated American ornithology in the early nineteenth century, a time when America was eager to make its name on the world stage.  Their differences underscored opposing forces in American intellectualism: Wilson was a traditional scientist focused on measurements, whereas Audubon was an iconoclastic woodsman who combined field observation with dramatic artistry. Their rivalry came to a head in 1824 when Audubon sought membership in the Academy of Natural Sciences in Philadelphia, Wilson's home and the center of American ornithology, where Audubon sought support for publishing his life’s work, an avian visual index titled The Birds of America. Audubon’s rejection in Philadelphia forced him to Britain, which welcomed this backwoods talent and published his images to acclaim. There, Audubon re-energized British bird culture and even inspired Charles Darwin’s early deliberations on evolution. This thesis illustrates the pitfalls of the early Americans’ orthodox scientific practice that ironically did not lead to the explosive Darwinian advances they so intensely desired.
title: Radio und Musik-Streaming-Dienste
Creators: name: Sickl, Tatjana Katharina
Year: 2018

description: Die hier vorliegende Magisterarbeit beschäftigt sich mit dem Medium Radio in Hinblick auf das digitale Zeitalter, welches durch neue Konkurrenten am Audio-Markt, beispielsweise durch Spotify, geprägt ist. Konkret stellt sich die Frage, mit welchen Strategien österreichische Radiosender stetig wachsenden Musik-Streaming-Diensten in Zukunft begegnen wollen und in welche Richtung Radio sich entwickeln muss, um den Ansprüchen und Bedürfnissen der Hörer in Zukunft gerecht zu werden. Die theoretische Grundlage dazu bieten sämtliche namhafte Radiotheorien aus der Geschichte sowie Ansätze aus der Wirkungsforschung und der Medienökonomie. Den Kern der Querschnittsstudie bilden qualitative Experteninterviews mit einer anschließenden qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse. Summa summarum zeigen die wichtigsten Ergebnisse, dass das Medium Radio in Zukunft wieder auf eine Flexibilisierung angewiesen ist, um sich in dem Meer aus zusätzlichen Audio-Angeboten zu etablieren. Dabei sind die wichtigsten Merkmale des Radios, nämlich Musik, Entertainment, Information, Service und die Rolle als Nebenbei-Medium, auch weiterhin relevant und bilden neben der Content-Erstellung eine wesentliche Abgrenzung zu Musik-Streaming-Diensten. Diese Magisterarbeit ist somit vor allem für Personen mit den Tätigkeits- oder Interessensschwerpunkten Radio und Musik-Streaming sowie für Studierende der Publizistik- und Kommunikationswissenschaften relevant.
description: This paper deals with radio as a broadcasting medium in the digital era - an era characterized by new competitors (such as Spotify) fighting for their share of the audio market cake. Traditional Austrian radio stations therefore are forced to develop appropriate strategies to cope with this ever-increasing number of streaming services and to give priority to a new generation of listeners marked by new needs and new expectations as well. The theoretical basis is formed by every notable radio theory paper available plus some approaches offered by media effects research and media economy. The central part of this cross-sectional study is made up of interviews of selected experts, followed by an in-depth analysis of their opinions. The most important findings all point to the necessity for radio as a medium to be thoroughly flexible, in order to be able to stand its ground amidst this flood of additional audio offers. However, the most important features of radio, namely music, entertainment, information, service and its role as a background medium, keep being relevant, thereby forming a clear delimitation against audio streaming services. This paper might be of relevance mainly for people working either in radio-related jobs or in streaming-services-related jobs, or at least being very much interested in these fields; thus, including students as well.
Periodique #306
Creators: name: Brule Ville Associes
name: Match, Paris
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 1995

description: Vote in past European elections(1); vote in past French elections(1); voting intention(2); political ideology(1); party identification(1); Mitterand(1); Prime Minister Balladur (1); confidence in government(2); French political leaders(35).
title: Die Vermittlung von Medienkompetenz an Schulen in Österreich
Creators: name: Kargl, Ricarda
Year: 2018

description: In Zeiten von Fake News und „Lügenpresse“-Vorwürfen herrscht von Seiten der NutzerInnen Unsicherheit im Umgang mit Medien. Um diese Unsicherheit zu verringern, braucht es Medienkompetenz. Diese Magisterarbeit ging der Frage nach, wie Medienkompetenz an Schulen in Österreich im Jahr 2018 vermittelt wird. Im theoretischen Teil werden die bedeutendsten Ansätze medienpädagogischen Handelns, nämlich bewahrpädagogische, reparierpädagogische, aufklärende, alltagsorientierte, reflexive und handlungsorientierte, partizipatorische Konzepte dargelegt. Sie zeichnen die Geschichte der Medienpädagogik nach, sind aber alle auch heute noch in Verwendung. Medienkompetenz wird nach Hugger als die Fähigkeit, Medien selbstständig zu bedienen, kritisch zu beurteilen und eigenständig gestalten zu können, begriffen. Nach Theunert untergliedert sich Medienkompetenz in die drei Dimensionen Wissens, Reflexion und Handeln. Die Erhebung erfolgte qualitativ mittels ExpertInnen-Interviews. Es wurden VertreterInnen des Bundesministeriums für Bildung, Wissenschaft und Forschung, MedienvertreterInnen und VertreterInnen von Initiativen und Vereinen befragt. Die Erhebung ergab, dass eine Vielzahl von AkteurInnen, die nicht auf Mitglieder des Schulsystems beschränkt sind, Medienkompetenz vermitteln. Auch die Angebote sind vielfältig, am häufigsten werden Materialien, Medien für Heranwachsende und Workshops angeboten. Inhaltlich stellte sich ein Fokus auf die Vermittlung von Funktionswissen über Medien und der gestalterischen Auseinandersetzung mit Medien heraus. Im Hinblick auf die verfolgten medienpädagogischen Ansätze zeigte sich, dass alle ExpertInnen eine Kombination von Ansätzen verfolgen. Vorherrschend sind der aufklärende, der handlungsorientierte und der alltagsorientierte, reflexive Ansatz. Die Vielzahl der erhobenen AkteurInnen, Dimensionen und Ansätze zeigt, dass Medienkompetenz zwar vermittelt wird, es dafür aber auch im Jahr 2018 noch keine einheitliche Struktur gibt.
Periodique #300
Creators: name: Brule Ville Associes
name: Match, Paris
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 1995

description: Vote in past European elections(1); vote in past French elections(2); voting intention(1); political ideology(1); party identification(1); Mitterand(1); Prime Minister Balladur (1); confidence in government(1); French political leaders(26).
Mixed and Joint Corporations as Tools of Economic Development: A Case Study Based on India's Experiments in New Types of Enterprises
Creators: name: Spencer, Daniel L.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 35
subject: Commerce, management, tourism and services
classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: The problem of increasing American private investment abroad presents massive difficulties. It will yield to action by the U.S. Government in the short-run only by the application of radical inducements with particular reference to noncontrolling investments in foreign securities by individuals and institutions. In the absence of such radical measures, the problem becomes one of bits and pieces to be attacked on many fronts by many agencies by many techniques. Results will be slow in coming, but the effort bust be continued and intensified. There is no plausible way other than the stimulation of private investment to assist friendly foreign countries to achieve balanced economic development.
Environmental drivers of azole-resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus and its relevance to human health
Creators: name: Shelton, Jennifer May Grace
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: Aspergillus fumigatus is a fungus that plays an important role in nature and compost production by recycling nutrients from decaying organic matter. The spores are found everywhere – in air and in soil, indoors and outdoors and on every continent except Antarctica - and it is estimated that humans inhale several hundred spores every day. Due to their small size and thermotolerance, A. fumigatus spores are able to enter lung cavities where they can establish and cause infections if not cleared by the innate immune system. It was estimated that in 2011 there were as many as 250,000 individuals in the UK suffering from aspergillosis, with diseases ranging from severe allergic reaction to spore inhalation to invasive infections when spores migrate from the lung into the bloodstream. Aspergillosis is treated with drugs containing azoles, and the proportion of azole-resistant infections in the UK has increased from 3-7% between 1999 and 2001 to 14-20% between 2007 and 2009. Azole-resistant infections result in treatment failure, salvage therapy with more toxic antifungals and decreased patient survival. A. fumigatus acquires azole-resistance in the patient after long-term treatment with azoles but azole-resistant A. fumigatus is also detected in patients who have never been treated with azoles, implying that the infecting spore had acquired resistance before it was inhaled. This is most likely due to adaptation of A. fumigatus in the environment to azoles found in agricultural fungicides with similar structures and modes of action to medical azoles. This thesis seeks to understand the distribution of azole-resistant A. fumigatus in the UK and the environmental factors that may lead to its adaptation through natural selection. To do this, a citizen science approach to sample collection was used; with volunteers in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland collecting air and soil samples from which A. fumigatus was cultured.
Mixed and Joint Corporations as Tools of Economic Development: A Case Study Based on India's Experiments in New Types of Enterprises
Creators: name: Spencer, Daniel L.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The problem of increasing American private investment abroad presents massive difficulties. It will yield to action by the U.S. Government in the short-run only by the application of radical inducements with particular reference to noncontrolling investments in foreign securities by individuals and institutions. In the absence of such radical measures, the problem becomes one of bits and pieces to be attacked on many fronts by many agencies by many techniques. Results will be slow in coming, but the effort bust be continued and intensified. There is no plausible way other than the stimulation of private investment to assist friendly foreign countries to achieve balanced economic development.
Scirtothrips helenae Palmer & Mound
Creators: name: Hoddle, Mark S.
name: Mound, Laurence A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2003
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Thysanoptera
Thripidae
Scirtothrips
Scirtothrips helenae

description: Scirtothrips helenae Palmer & Mound
[Figs 35, 61]
Scirtothrips helenae Palmer & Mound, 1983: 514 ­515.
Worldwide, this species is unique in the genus in having the metanotal sculpture transverse over the entire surface. Although not mentioned in the original description, tergite VII has the posteromarginal comb of microtrichia extending medially and sometimes complete, as in S. litotes. The aedeagus of the male has an extensive paired array of spines laterally, much as in S. eremicus. The presence of three pairs of setae in the postocular series suggests that this species is related to S. albomaculatus, and it also resembles that species in lacking drepanae on the ninth tergite of males. S. helenae is recorded only from Brachychiton populneus [Sterculiaceae] and on this tree the thrips is often abundant on the youngest leaves that surround the flowers. This is a popular street tree in much of southern Australia, and S. helenae has probably been distributed by the horticultural trade. The thrips may also occur further north on other members of Brachychiton, but the currently available material from Queensland cannot be identified with certainty. The second instar larvae (Fig. 61) have capitate setae and no reticulate sculpture on the pronotum.
description: Published as part of Hoddle, Mark S. & Mound, Laurence A., 2003, The genus Scirtothrips in Australia (Insecta, Thysanoptera, Thripidae), pp. 1-40 in Zootaxa 268 on page 22, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.157021
Cardinal versus Ordinal Utility Concept and the Development of the Indifference-Curve Analysis
Creators: name: Tachino, Tadami
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The present study attempts to investigate the development of the marginal utility theory and its modern version, the ordinal utility concept, which uses indifference-curve analysis.The present study will also review the controversy between cardinal and ordinal utility schools over the question as to whether utility permits only the ranking of preferences or could it be assumed to bear cardinal magnitude.
title: Alternierende Vorzeichenmatrizen und ebene Partitionen
Creators: name: Küstner, Josef
Year: 2018

description: Alternierende Vorzeichenmatrizen (ASMs) haben eine lange, immer noch aktuelle Tradition in der Kombinatorik und der Zusammenhang zu total symmetrischen, selbst-komplementären ebenen Partitionen (TSSCPPs), die von derselben Formel gezählt werden, ist immer noch ungeklärt. In der vorliegenden Arbeit betrachten wir ASMs und TSSCPPs in allgemeineren Kontexten, die vor allem durch Striker erforscht wurden. Zunächst beweisen wir einige Sätze über die Darstellung durch Ungleichungen, Facetten und Ecken des ASM-Polytops, das als die konvexe Hülle von n kreuz n ASMs definiert ist und beschreiben den Seitenverband mithilfe von Flussgittern. Danach widmen wir uns dem tetraedrischen Poset. Wir zeigen, dass die Ordnungsideale von Teilposets des tetraedrischen Posets mit bekannten kombinatorischen Objekten - darunter ASMs und TSSCPPs - in Bijektion stehen. Schließlich geben wir noch einen Einblick in pyramidale ebene Partitionen (PPPs). Wir betrachten zwei Klassen von PPPs und zählen Zeilen, Spalten sowie Hüllen und zeigen Bijektionen zu einem unerforschten Teilposet des tetraedrischen Posets sowie transponiert-komplementären, zyklisch symmetrischen ebenen Partitionen (TCSPP) und TSSCPPs.
description: Alternating sign matrices (ASMs) have a long and recent tradition in combinatorics and they are counted by the same formula as totaly symmetric self-complementary plain partitions (TSSCPPs). Although the connection remains unclear and no explicit bijection is known. In this thesis we look at ASMs and TSSCPPs in larger contexts which are mainly based on the work of Striker. At first, we prove some theorems concerning the inequality description, facets and vertices of the ASM-Polytope which is defined as the convex hull of the n times n ASMs. We describe the face lattice by using flow grids. Then, we define the tetrahedral poset. We show that order ideals of subposets of the tetrahedral poset are in bijection with other combinatorial objects, among them ASMs and TSSCPPs. Finally we give an insight into pyramidal plane partitions (PPPs). We count rows, columns and hulls of two types of PPPs and show bijections to an unexplored subposet of the tetrahedral poset, transpose-complementary cyclically symmetric plane partitions (TCSPPs) and TSSCPPs.
Cardinal versus Ordinal Utility Concept and the Development of the Indifference-Curve Analysis
Creators: name: Tachino, Tadami
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 49
subject: Mathematical sciences

description: The present study attempts to investigate the development of the marginal utility theory and its modern version, the ordinal utility concept, which uses indifference-curve analysis.The present study will also review the controversy between cardinal and ordinal utility schools over the question as to whether utility permits only the ranking of preferences or could it be assumed to bear cardinal magnitude.
British Gallup Poll: CQ 006A
Creators: name: Social Surveys (Gallup Poll) Limited
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 1996

description: Government approval rating(1); Thatcher approval rating(1); political party leaders(3); political party(2); 1987 election(2); South Africa(12); ambulance dispute(3); Kenneth Clark approval rating(1); morals(2).
MULTINATIONALS AND MANUFACTURED EXPORTS FROM LESS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES
Creators: name: De Castro, Bruce Edward
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: The primary focus of this dissertation is the role that U.S. majority-owned foreign affiliates (MOFAs) played in the expansion of manufactured exports from sixteen underdeveloped Latin American and Asian host countries during the 1966-1974 period. The study utilizes two measures to assess the export performance of U.S.-owned affiliates in eight two-digit manufacturing industries. The growth of export sales by U.S. MOFAs is compared with the growth of overall exports, the U.S. affiliates' share of overall exports is compared with their share of total production in the host country. U.S. MOFAs were judged to be superior exporters if their export sales had been growing more rapidly than their total exports and if their share of exports by the overall industry had been exceeding their share of total production in that country. A clear pattern of export superiority on the part of U.S. majority-owned affiliates during the period under study did not emerge. Indeed, in a substantial majority of the country/industry observations, U.S. MOFAs' export sales were growing more slowly than were their overall exports. Furthermore, in a significant number of cases, U.S. MOFAs were judged to be less export oriented than were their rivals because their share of the host country's exports was less than their share of total production. The evidence developed in the thesis did not show an accelerating tendency on the part of U.S. MOFAs to "world-wide source." Instead, U.S. MNCs appeared to be more interested in expanding their shares of the host countries' internal markets. In addition, what world-wide sourcing there was, looked to be limited to a select number of Far Eastern countries. The evidence shows that locally-owned firms played a major role in expanding manufactured exports from all sixteen of the LDCs in the sample. This was particularly true in the more labor intensive and less technologically advanced categories of manufactured exports. The dissertation concludes that underdeveloped countries should not rely on MNCs to play a major role in diversifying their exports. Furthermore, the thesis strongly recommends that host countries utilize an array of performance requirements in order to increase the contributions of MNCs to export growth and diversification. The thesis also explores a number of other issues related to foreign investment in less developed countries. A measure of U.S. MOFAs' share of the host country's market in the eight two-digit industries is developed and the trend over the period is examined. The methods used by MNCs to set up and finance their subsidiaries are examined. An assessment of the MNCs' impact on the host country's balance of payments via the capital account and import substitution is also undertaken.
Non-fullerene acceptor based organic photovoltaics: understanding photostability and low-light performance
Creators: name: Luke, Joel
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: Organic photovoltaics (OPVs) provide an exciting prospect for solution processed, low-cost, large area, integrated, and tuneable energy production. Despite rapid improvements in device efficiencies, driven by non-fullerene acceptor (NFA) adoption, OPVs are yet to achieve mass commercialisation, mainly due to limited operational stabilities of high-performance materials and a congested energy market with many competing technologies, such as perovskite photovoltaics. To overcome these barriers and realise the potential of OPVs it is essential to improve their stability and find niche applications to facilitate market entry. In this thesis, both problems are addressed. Firstly, the photostability and degradation mechanisms of high-performance NFAs are investigated using a range of techniques, particularly Raman spectroscopy. This allows for a molecular level understanding of the degradation mechanisms of a range of NFAs. The importance of molecular conformation and acceptor crystallinity are highlighted, and acceptor photostability is found to be critical for device stability. From these findings, several molecular design rules are suggested for improving NFA stability, with particular emphasis on using methods to lock molecular conformation and increase intermolecular interactions. Additionally, filtration of the photoactive layer solution prior to deposition is demonstrated to be an easy and effective way of improving device stability. Secondly, the applicability of OPVs for low-light applications is investigated using low-cost materials, and scalable techniques. The performance of OPVs is shown to be superior to silicon at low-light illumination, highlighting the potential of OPVs for low-light applications. The effect of parasitic resistances on low-light performance are investigated, and optimisation considerations discussed. Additionally, a light-soaking effect critical to low-light performance is observed and characterised as originating from poor charge extraction. Finally, this effect is mitigated by utilizing a different electron transport layer to fabricate a large area module that sets a realistic commercial benchmark for the low-light performance of OPVs.
Scirtothrips inermis Priesner
Creators: name: Hoddle, Mark S.
name: Mound, Laurence A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2003
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Thysanoptera
Thripidae
Scirtothrips
Scirtothrips inermis

description: Scirtothrips inermis Priesner
[Figs 12, 44]
Scirtothrips inermis Priesner, 1933: 186 ­188.
Described from the Canary Islands, this species has been recorded from California, New Zealand and South Australia (Palmer & Mound, 1983), and has been taken from a wide range of unrelated trees and herbs. It is similar to the tropical species S. dobroskyi in having unusually long posteromarginal setae S2 on the pronotum, but the ocellar setae pair III are longer than in any endemic Australian species. S. inermis usually has at least one more discal seta on the tergal microtrichial fields than in other members of the genus. The male is described as lacking drepanae on the ninth tergite, but no males have been seen from Australia. The second instar larvae have the pronotum with reticulate sculpture, much as in S. aurantii. Several females have been studied from near Adelaide (ix.1994) on Viburnum [Caprifoliaceae], also females and larvae from cultivated Gerbera [Asteraceae] at Silvan in Victoria (x.2002).
Female macroptera. Colour: Yellow, antecostal ridges on tergites and sternites dark; forewings shaded near base but pale distally; antennal segment I pale, II – VIII darker.
Structure: Vertex closely striate, ocellar region with several transverse lines; ocellar setae pair III about twice as long as diameter of one posterior ocellus, close together between midpoints of posterior ocelli; two pairs of post­ocular setae. Pronotum with transverse striae not closely spaced, distance between lines about equal to diameter of a discal setal pore; 2 anteromarginal setae, about 10 discal setae; 4 pairs of posteromarginal setae, S2 50 – 65 microns long, more than twice diameter of antennal segment II. Metanotal reticulation arcuate anteriorly but almost equiangular on posterior half, median setae close to margin. Forewing scale with 4 marginal setae; first vein setae with about 10 setae; second vein 2­3 setae; all posteromarginal fringe cilia straight. Tergite I without long discal setae, III­V median setae longer than distance between bases; tergal microtrichial fields with 4 – 6 discal setae; VIII with discal microtrichia anteromedially, posteromarginal comb complete; IX without discal microtrichia. Sternites III­VI with 3 pairs of posteromarginal setae; microtrichial fields extending just mesad of S2.
description: Published as part of Hoddle, Mark S. & Mound, Laurence A., 2003, The genus Scirtothrips in Australia (Insecta, Thysanoptera, Thripidae), pp. 1-40 in Zootaxa 268 on page 22, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.157021
MULTINATIONALS AND MANUFACTURED EXPORTS FROM LESS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES
Creators: name: De Castro, Bruce Edward
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The primary focus of this dissertation is the role that U.S. majority-owned foreign affiliates (MOFAs) played in the expansion of manufactured exports from sixteen underdeveloped Latin American and Asian host countries during the 1966-1974 period. The study utilizes two measures to assess the export performance of U.S.-owned affiliates in eight two-digit manufacturing industries. The growth of export sales by U.S. MOFAs is compared with the growth of overall exports, the U.S. affiliates' share of overall exports is compared with their share of total production in the host country. U.S. MOFAs were judged to be superior exporters if their export sales had been growing more rapidly than their total exports and if their share of exports by the overall industry had been exceeding their share of total production in that country. A clear pattern of export superiority on the part of U.S. majority-owned affiliates during the period under study did not emerge. Indeed, in a substantial majority of the country/industry observations, U.S. MOFAs' export sales were growing more slowly than were their overall exports. Furthermore, in a significant number of cases, U.S. MOFAs were judged to be less export oriented than were their rivals because their share of the host country's exports was less than their share of total production. The evidence developed in the thesis did not show an accelerating tendency on the part of U.S. MOFAs to "world-wide source." Instead, U.S. MNCs appeared to be more interested in expanding their shares of the host countries' internal markets. In addition, what world-wide sourcing there was, looked to be limited to a select number of Far Eastern countries. The evidence shows that locally-owned firms played a major role in expanding manufactured exports from all sixteen of the LDCs in the sample. This was particularly true in the more labor intensive and less technologically advanced categories of manufactured exports. The dissertation concludes that underdeveloped countries should not rely on MNCs to play a major role in diversifying their exports. Furthermore, the thesis strongly recommends that host countries utilize an array of performance requirements in order to increase the contributions of MNCs to export growth and diversification. The thesis also explores a number of other issues related to foreign investment in less developed countries. A measure of U.S. MOFAs' share of the host country's market in the eight two-digit industries is developed and the trend over the period is examined. The methods used by MNCs to set up and finance their subsidiaries are examined. An assessment of the MNCs' impact on the host country's balance of payments via the capital account and import substitution is also undertaken.
title: Die Bedeutung des Erwerbs der deutschen Sprache für die Handlungsfähigkeit von Geflüchteten
Creators: name: Schleser, Lisa
Year: 2018

description: Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit personaler Handlungsfähigkeit und ihrer Abhängigkeit von gesellschaftlichen, sozialen und politischen Strukturen. Sprache und Spracherwerb spielen dabei eine zentrale Rolle, wenn Sprache nicht nur als funktionales Kommunikationsmittel, sondern als individuelles Kapital für gesellschaftliche Partizipation verstanden wird. Die Arbeit greift daher die Bedeutung des deutschen Spracherwerbs für die Handlungsfähigkeit von Geflüchteten auf, jedoch aus einer diskurs- und machtkritischen Perspektive. In monolingualen Gesellschaften besteht eine zur Norm erhobene Sprache, deren (Nicht-)beherrschung im Kontext migrationsgesellschaftlicher Mehrsprachigkeit soziale Ungleichheit schafft und Verhältnisse der (De-)privilegierung mit ungleichen Handlungsmöglichkeiten verstärkt. Für die Pädagogik ergibt sich eine Widersprüchlichkeit im Zweitsprachenunterricht, da der Versuch, die Handlungsfähigkeit von Lernenden durch den Erwerb der deutschen Sprache zu steigern, zugleich das einsprachige System und soziale Benachteiligung für Anderssprachige festschreibt. In der empirischen Untersuchung der Arbeit wird deshalb dem Verständnis von Handlungsfähigkeit im Kontext von Zweitsprachenunterricht nachgegangen. Die Forschungsfrage „Was bedeutet für Deutschlehrende Handlungsfähigkeit von Geflüchteten und welche Rolle spielt dabei aus ihrer Sicht das Erlernen der deutschen Sprache?“ wird qualitativ anhand von vier Interviews mit Deutsch als Zweitsprache-Unterrichtenden bearbeitet. Unter der Beachtung von theoretischen Konzepten zu Handlungsfähigkeit und Ermächtigung werden Sprechweisen über Geflüchtete, Differenzwissen der Lehrpersonen und diesbezügliche Einflüsse aus Diskursen analysiert. Aus den theoretischen und empirischen Erkenntnissen folgt die Annahme, dass für eine möglichst geringe Machtausübung über Einzelne Handlungsfähigkeit nicht individuell, sondern im gesamtgesellschaftlichen Kontext gedacht werden muss. Die Ergebnisse der Untersuchung weisen auf die Notwendigkeit hin, eine reflexive Auseinandersetzung mit Diskurs und Macht in Bereichen der Bildung zu fördern und migrationspädagogische Inhalte in der Lehrendenausbildung zu verankern, um dem Erhalt sozialer Ungleichheit entgegenzusteuern.
Portugal and the Plata: The Conflict of Luso-Hispanic Interests in Southern Brazil and the North Bank of the Rio de la Plata, 1493-1807
Creators: name: Hutchins, John A.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 43
subject: History, heritage and archaeology
classificationCode: 4303
subject: Historical studies
classificationCode: 430317
subject: Latin and South American history

description: Long before the discovery of America by Columbus, the Portuguese, guided by Prince Henry the Navigator, had discovered and taken possession of vast tracts of Africa. As was the practice of the time, title was confirmed by Papal bulls of Pope Nicholas V in 1455 and 1456. The Holy See, while serving to authenticate the ownership of the territory, also acted as an international tribunal in settling disputes and in confirming the succession of rulers.
CEP Poll: National Survey of Public Opinion No.24, March 1993
Creators: name: Centro De Estudios Públicos (CEP)
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2017

description: Life satisfaction (1); most important problems in the country (1); economic situation of the country (1); personal economic situation (2); state of the country (1); government administration performance (13); presidential approval (1); political party identification (5); likely vote (1); most important figure of political party (2); political ideology identification (1); opinion about political figures (37); participation in political activities or media usage (4); delinquency increased or decreased (2); actions taken to prevent delinquency (5); feeling safe (5); crime victim (1); reporting crime to police (1); perception of police (3); help received from police (1); courts (2); firearms (1); death penalty (2); combating delinquency (18).
title: Disneys neuer Geschlechtervertrag
Creators: name: Pehlke, Sophia-Charlotte
Year: 2018

description: Ziel der vorliegenden Masterarbeit ist es, drei der neuesten Filme der Disney Animation Studios anhand Angela McRobbies postfeministischer Theorie zu analysieren. Zentrales Konzept dieser Theorie ist McRobbies Annahme, dass der Postfeminismus nicht das Ende des Feminismus bedeutet, sondern neue Geschlechterungleichheiten hervorbringt. Diese äußern sich in einem Geschlechtervertrag, der von jungen Frauen im Gegenzug für ihr In-Erscheinung-Treten den Verzicht auf Feminismus fordert. Inwiefern sich die Filme The Princess and the Frog, Frozen und Moana innerhalb dieser postfeministischen Theorie verorten lassen, ist die Fragestellung dieser Arbeit. Um sie zu beantworten, wurden die Filme auf McRobbies Konzept der postfeministischen Maskerade, sowie auf empowerment, capacity und choice untersucht, sowie in ihrer Figurengestaltung und zwischenmenschlichen Beziehungen analysiert. Es stellt sich heraus, dass die drei Filme postfeministische Konzepte unterschiedlich aufgreifen und sich besonders Moana als der aktuellste Film immer stärker von diesen distanziert.
description: The aim of this master´s thesis is to analyse the Disney Animation Studio feature films The Princess and the Frog, Frozen and Moana concerning Angela McRobbies postfeminist theory. McRobbie claims that in postfeminism feminist goals are now embedded in political and cultural institutions. Women experience empowerment and are attributed with capacity and choice, but they are bound in a new sexual contract which abandons feminism and renews gender inequities. The post-feminist masquerade replaces the patriarchal authority while women are required to produce themselves as successful subjects in a neo-liberalised social and economic landscape. While all three movies implement McRobbies postfeminist theory differently it seems that Disney is gradually distancing itself from it.
USIA Poll # 1985-I85074: Media Usage on Voice of America Listening
Creators: name: USIA
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2009

description: International radio stations (1); newspapers usage (3); knowledge and opinion about columnists (3); magazines usage (3); television usage (2); programs on television news (1); commentators on television (3); foreign radio stations (1); language of the foreign radio stations (2); preferable time to listen to foreign radio stations (7); reception of radio stations (2); credibility of radio stations (2); shortwave broadcasting (7); issues covered in the radio stations (1); source of information (3).
Portugal and the Plata: The Conflict of Luso-Hispanic Interests in Southern Brazil and the North Bank of the Rio de la Plata, 1493-1807
Creators: name: Hutchins, John A.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Long before the discovery of America by Columbus, the Portuguese, guided by Prince Henry the Navigator, had discovered and taken possession of vast tracts of Africa. As was the practice of the time, title was confirmed by Papal bulls of Pope Nicholas V in 1455 and 1456. The Holy See, while serving to authenticate the ownership of the territory, also acted as an international tribunal in settling disputes and in confirming the succession of rulers.
Multilevel converter topologies for MVDC
Creators: name: Collins, Caspar Thai
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: Medium voltage direct current (MVDC) networks, as well as other medium voltage power electronic based technologies, have been proposed as a way to increase the penetration of distributed generation. This thesis investigates circuit innovation for multilevel converters at the medium voltage level. The Neutral Point Clamped AC-Side Cascaded H-Bridge Converter (NPC-AC-CHB), which consists of a three-level NPC-bridge followed by stacks of series connected sub-modules (SMs), has been identified as a promising but under researched converter topology. The NPC-bridge switches slowly to produce a quasi-square wave which delivers the power transfer, while the SM stack switches quickly to improve power quality and enable DC-fault ride-though. Analysis performed shows that, at the optimum modulation index, the SM capacitors can be significantly smaller compared to the established converter topologies, such as the Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC), and thus should provide a much greater power density. A new SM topology for the NPC-AC-CHB, known as a Divisible SM, is proposed. Divisible SMs are shown to provide DC-fault ride-through capability without a significant compromise to efficiency. DC filter design analysis is also performed, and it is shown that passive component sizes can be reduced significantly through the use of an active filter topology. A topology comparison for a medium voltage case study shows that the NPC-AC-CHB, with the improvements proposed in this thesis applied, is both a highly efficient and compact converter topology. Detailed simulation results are shown to validate the analysis and to demonstrate both normal and fault ride-through operation of the NPC-AC-CHB and experimental results for a lab-scale prototype are presented as proof of concept. This thesis also investigates a new hybrid device SM topology known as the Nested SM. A Nested SM consists of an inner stack of half bridge SMs embedded within an outer full bridge. The inner-stack switches quickly to balance the energy between SM and to perform PWM, while the outer full-bridge switches slowly to insert the inner-SM stack in a positive or negative sense. This topology exploits the various combinations of conduction and switching loss properties of different semiconductor devices to improve overall efficiency. The outer full-bridge is also able to bypass the inner-stack completely to further improve efficiency, this is shown to be able to provide a power loss reduction of up to $43\%$ compared to a reference full-bridge SM case. However, it is shown that under this mode of operation the SM capacitance must be increased to achieve the same voltage ripple. Nested SMs are therefore best suited to applications which prioritise efficiency over power density.