cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
BALANÇO ECONÔMICO DA PRODUÇÃO DE MAMONA E BALANÇO ENERGÉTICO DA OBTENÇÃO DE BIODIESEL NO ESTADO DO CEARÁ
Creators: name: Braga, Francisco Laercio Pereira
name: Khan, Ahmad Saeed
name: Mera, Ruben Dario Mayorga
name: Braga, Francisco Laercio Pereira
name: Khan, Ahmad Saeed
name: Mera, Ruben Dario Mayorga
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: mamona
subject: biodiesel
subject: balanço energético
subject: balanço econômico
subject: castor seed
subject: economic feasibility
subject: energy balance

description: Dada a necessidade de se conhecer melhor a viabilidade econômica e energética da mamona (Ricinus communis) para o Estado do Ceará, enquanto um dos maiores produtores de oleaginosas no Nordeste do Brasil, o presente trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de elaborar um balanço econômico e energético da produção de mamona para obtenção de biodiesel no Estado do Ceará. A pesquisa foi realizada nos Municípios de Boa Viagem, Tauá e Pedra Branca. Foram utilizados os dados primários recolhidos dos produtores em entrevistas diretas. Na análise da rentabilidade foram consideradas as receitas e os custos de produção por hectare nos municípios selecionados. Os principais resultados obtidos na pesquisa indicam que a produção de mamona cearense nos três municípios analisados mostrou-se rentável, tendo sido a utilização de mão-de-obra familiar um fator primordial para se ter o baixo custo de produção. Em relação ao balanço energético, constatou-se que foi positivo para os municípios analisados, assumindo o valor igual a 1,52 para amostra total.------------------------------------------------In oder to know the economic and energetic balance of castor seed (Ricinus communis) for the State of Ceará, one of the main producers of in Northeast of Brazil, the present study work has been developed aiming to elaborate economic and energetic balance of castor seed production for obtaining biodiesel. The primary data were collected in Boa Viagem, Tauá and Pedra Branca municipalities. For profit analysis, income and production cost per hectare of castor seed in selected municipalities were considered. It was observed that on the average, 12,91% of interviewed farmers are using more than 80% of the recommended techniques. The castor seed production in all the three selected municipalities is economically feasible, without considering the cost related to family labor. Energy production and consumption ratio of 1.52 indicates that the each unit of energy spent on producing castor and biodiesel generates 1.52 unit of energy.
NOTIFICAÇÕES TÉCNICAS E FITOSSANITÁRIAS À OMC: QUAL O IMPACTO NAS EXPORTAÇÕES AGRÍCOLAS DO BRASIL?
Creators: name: Bueno, Braulio Martins
name: Silva, Orlando Monteiro Da
name: Bueno, Braulio Martins
name: Silva, Orlando Monteiro Da
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Notificações à OMC
subject: barreiras técnicas
subject: barreiras sanitárias
subject: Notifications to OMC
subject: technical barriers
subject: sanitary barriers

description: É notória a crescente importância das medidas técnicas, sanitárias e fitossanitárias às exportações brasileiras de produtos agrícolas, tais como: certificação de origem, avaliação de conformidade, normas e procedimentos técnicos, etc. Essas medidas têm sido formalizadas em notificações aos acordos TBT e SPS da OMC, vigentes desde 1995. Cabe ressaltar, no entanto, que essas medidas podem servir como barreiras protecionistas quando passam a limitar as quantidades importadas e/ou aumentam os preços dos produtos comercializados. O presente trabalho teve o objetivo de calcular e avaliar os impactos das exigências técnicas e das medidas sanitárias e fitossanitárias, sobre as exportações dos principais produtos agrícolas brasileiros. Para tanto, calculou-se índices de freqüência e de cobertura, testes de diferenças de médias, além de equações de regressão. Os resultados mostraram um crescimento do número e da incidência de notificações, mas não comprovaram sua utilização como barreiras. Apesar da pressuposição de impacto das notificações nos preços e nas quantidades não ter sido comprovada, há de se alertar para as possíveis assimetrias quanto ao poder de mercado, desde que pequenos exportadores poderiam estar sendo prejudicados, em detrimento dos grandes.--------------------------------------------- It is notorious the growing importance of technical, sanitary and phytosanitary measures to the Brazilian exports of agricultural products, such as: origin certification, conformity evaluation, norms and procedures. Those measures have been formalized through notifications to the TBT and SPS agreements of OMC, effective since 1995. It is important to say, however, that those measures can serve as protectionist barriers when they limit the amounts imported or when they increase prices of the marketed products. The objective of the present study was to calculate and evaluate the impacts of technical, sanitary and phytosanitary measures on the brazilian exports of the major agricultural products. To do so, it were calculated frequency and coverage indexes, made tests of differences of averages, and estimated regression equations. The results showed an increase in the number and incidence of notifications, but could not prove that they were used as barriers to trade. Although the assumption that notifications would impact prices and quantities could no be proved, it must call the attention to possible asymmetries related to market power, since small exporters could be harmed, in detriment of the big ones.
Toward scalable simulations of Lattice Gauge Theories on quantum computers
Creators: name: Mathis, Simon V.
name: Mazzola, Guglielmo
name: Tavernelli, Ivano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The simulation of real-time dynamics in lattice gauge theories is particularly hard for classical computing due to the exponential scaling of the required resources. On the other hand, quantum algorithms can potentially perform the same calculation with a polynomial dependence on the number of degrees of freedom. A precise estimation is however particularly challenging for the simulation of lattice gauge theories in arbitrary dimensions, where, gauge fields are dynamical variables, in addition to the particle fields. Moreover, there exist several choices for discretizing particles and gauge fields on a lattice, each of them coming at different prices in terms of qubit register size and circuit depth. Here we provide a resource counting for real-time evolution of $U(1)$ gauge theories, such as Quantum Electrodynamics, on arbitrary dimension using the Wilson fermion representation for the particles, and the Quantum Link Model approach for the gauge fields. We study the phenomena of flux-string breaking up to a genuine bi-dimensional model using classical simulations of the quantum circuits, and discuss the advantages of our discretization choice in simulation of more challenging $SU(N)$ gauge theories such as Quantum Chromodynamics.
description: 20 pages, 14 figures
The targum (1954:Apr. 6 - 1954:Apr. 30)
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Targum Association
Year: 1954

description: Some University historians indicate that the Targum was first published as an annual in 1867, but of this we have no extant evidence. In January 1869, the Targum as we now know it, made its appearance as a monthly paper that concerned itself with student “literary contributions” and college news as well as serving as a vehicle for bringing news to alumni and the general public. The newspaper, which originally was for sale, varied in frequency over the years as did its title (The Targum, Rutgers Targum, Rutgers Daily Targum, and Daily Targum). The newspaper has continuously been published since 1869 with the exception of 19 months during the second world war, between February 1944 and October 1945. The Targum was published by the students of Rutgers College, and later Rutgers University—New Brunswick represented through the years as the Targum Association, Rutgers Targum Association, and Rutgers College Targum. As a student organization, the Targum operated under the oversight of the dean of students and student government but in October 1980, the Targum became an independent college paper.
Interweaving Multimodal Interaction with Flexible Unit Visualizations for Data Exploration
Creators: name: Srinivasan, Arjun
name: Lee, Bongshin
name: Stasko, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multimodal interfaces that combine direct manipulation and natural language have shown great promise for data visualization. Such multimodal interfaces allow people to stay in the flow of their visual exploration by leveraging the strengths of one modality to complement the weaknesses of others. In this work, we introduce an approach that interweaves multimodal interaction combining direct manipulation and natural language with flexible unit visualizations. We employ the proposed approach in a proof-of-concept system, DataBreeze. Coupling pen, touch, and speech-based multimodal interaction with flexible unit visualizations, DataBreeze allows people to create and interact with both systematically bound (e.g., scatterplots, unit column charts) and manually customized views, enabling a novel visual data exploration experience. We describe our design process along with DataBreeze's interface and interactions, delineating specific aspects of the design that empower the synergistic use of multiple modalities. We also present a preliminary user study with DataBreeze, highlighting the data exploration patterns that participants employed. Finally, reflecting on our design process and preliminary user study, we discuss future research directions.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables
Additional file 8 of Pulmonary and systemic responses to aerosolized lysate of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in calves
Creators: name: Bassel, Laura L.
name: Carmon Co
name: Macdonald, Alaina
name: Sly, Laurel
name: McCandless, Erin E.
name: Hewson, Joanne
name: Raksha Tiwari
name: Shayan Sharif
name: Siracusa, Laura
name: Clark, Mary Ellen
name: Caswell, Jeff L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 8. Reactome pathway analysis for differently expressed proteins in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in 4 calves.
O VALOR AGREGADO NA CADEIA PRODUTIVA DO COCO NA REGIÃO DO SUBMEDIO DO VALE DO SÃO FRANCISCO
Creators: name: Beserra, Maria Auxiliadora Primo
name: Britto, Waldenir Sidney Fagundes
name: Beserra, Maria Auxiliadora Primo
name: Britto, Waldenir Sidney Fagundes
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Cadeia produtiva do Coco
subject: Valor agregado
subject: Vale do São Francisco
subject: Production chain
subject: coconut
subject: added value
subject: Sao Francisco Valley

description: Este trabalho tem como principal objetivo demonstrar, a partir dos custos de produção e de beneficiamento do coco ao longo de toda a cadeia produtiva, os valores agregados ao produto e a parcela retida por cada elo ao longo dessa cadeia. Foram usados como dados da equação o preço final pago pelo consumidor, os custos de produção agrícola e industrial, desde a matéria prima a outros insumos. Os dados levantados para este estudo foram obtidos através de análises e pesquisas com integrantes da cadeia produtiva agroindustrial, durante os meses de Setembro e Outubro de 2007. Procurando o máximo de eficiência e objetividade no trabalho, demonstrar as etapas de fabricação da água de coco envasada, desde produtor de coco aos diversos produtos obtidos a partir do seu beneficiamento. Mostrando também que a vinda de uma grande empresa para o vale do São Francisco é de grande importância, pois, além de novas oportunidades de escoamento para os produtos agrícolas, geram empregos e renda, contribuindo assim para a melhoria socioeconômica da região. Foi demonstrada uma analise da agregação de valor em um litro de água de coco desde a saída do produtor rural até o consumidor final, e o quanto o consumidor final paga pelos beneficiamentos do produto. -------------------------------------------This work aims to show, starting with production and processing costs along all the production chain of coconut water, the added value to the final product, besides the part retained by each link of that chain. We used, as the equation data, the final price paid by the consumer, agriculture and industrial costs, raw material and all the different products and materials used in that production chain. The data collected for the present study was obtained through interviews with people involved in the process, in Brazilian Northeast, during September and October 2007. With maximum efficiency and objectivity in sight we tried to show the different steps of coconut water production, starting with coconut seedlings plantation to its final by-products. We hope to show how to control costs and agricultural expenses, and to understand the importance of accounting and controlling these costs in agricultural production. We also show, in the present work, how that the installation of new processing industries in the Sao Francisco Valley, is of great importance as it creates new flow channels for the agricultural products and generates jobs and income, improving the socio-economic conditions in this region.
Quadrupolar Excitons in MoSe$_2$ Bilayers
Creators: name: Jasiński, Jakub
name: Hagel, Joakim
name: Brem, Samuel
name: Wietek, Edith
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Chernikov, Alexey
name: Bruyant, Nicolas
name: Dyksik, Mateusz
name: Surrente, Alessandro
name: Baranowski, Michał
name: Maude, Duncan K.
name: Malic, Ermin
name: Plochocka, Paulina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quest for platforms to generate and control exotic excitonic states has greatly benefited from the advent of transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) monolayers and their heterostructures. Among the unconventional excitonic states, quadrupolar excitons - a superposition of two dipolar excitons with anti-aligned dipole moments - are of great interest for applications in quantum simulations and for the investigation of many-body physics. Here, we unambiguously demonstrate the emergence of quadrupolar excitons in natural MoSe$_2$ homobilayers, whose energy shifts quadratically in electric field. In contrast to trilayer systems, MoSe$_2$ homobilayers have many advantages, which include a larger coupling between dipolar excitons. Our experimental observations are complemented by many-particle theory calculations offering microscopic insights in the formation of quadrupolar excitons. Our results suggest TMD homobilayers as ideal platform for the engineering of excitonic states and their interaction with light and thus candidate for carrying out on-chip quantum simulations.
description: Manuscript just accepted in Nature Communications. Main manuscript contains 9 pages and 3 figures, supplementary information contains 20 pages and 10 figures (29 pages and 13 figures in total)
Experimental studies of visco-plastic lubrication
Creators: name: Huen, Chun Kit
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A multi-layer flow of two purely viscous fluids is often unstable, at any Reynolds number, however small. The primary instability initiates at the interface through various mechanisms such as the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability. Here we demonstrate how interfacial instabilities of multi-layer flows can be eliminated by introducing a yield stress lubricating fluid. The basic flow geometry is that an inner core fluid flows in the central layer lubricated by a yield stress fluid adjacent to the wall of a pipe. Rheologies of the two fluids are such that the interface between fluid layers is surrounded by an unyielded layer of the lubricating fluid. In this thesis, first we model a typical multi-layer flow in a circular pipe geometry by solving the axisymmetric Navier-Stokes equations. A simple control model is derived for controlling the position of the interface by varying the flow rates of the two fluids. Second we present experimental results of a visco-plastic lubrication flow, where the lubricating fluid is a Carbopol solution and the inner core fluid is a Xanthan solution. After conducting over 100 experiments with 4 different fluid pairs over broad flow rate range, we can unequivocally state that stable multi-layer flows, of the visco-plastic lubrication type, can be achieved in a laboratory setting. The experiments have been designed with the aid of the control model which predicts the boundary between stable and unstable flows. Our experimental results do approximately identify this stability boundary. Results also strongly suggest that it would be possible to control the interfacial radius on-line, via regulation of the individual flow rates, in such flows.
Explaining Finnish Farmers' Policy Responses with Environmental Attitudes
Creators: name: Arovuori, Kyösti
name: Arovuori, Kyösti
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: farmers
subject: agri-environmental policies
subject: policy choice

description: In general, farmers are often found to be resistant to environmentally targeted agricultural policies. On the other hand, a part of farmers are clearly self-motivated to undertake farm practices that are beneficial to the environment and resource conservation. What motivates these farmers to participate? How much of this participation can be explained with attitudes, and where these attitudes arise from? In this paper, we analyze the effect of farmers‟ attitudes towards environmental policies and related issues on their farm level policy choice. The policy response analyzed is farmers‟ choice to implement voluntary contract-based special measures in the current agri-environmental support scheme. Our results show that farmers fall into different groups in terms of their environmental attitudes. In addition, farmers falling into same group have similar behavior in making their policy choices. The paper will be further improved with more detailed analysis on the farm level and geographical factors behind the farmers‟ attitudes. That second stage of our analysis will reveal, whether those farmers operating under more vulnerable environmental conditions and thus, higher environmental risks, are more willing to implement voluntary and more demanding policy measures.
Kondo breakdown in a spin-1/2 chain of adatoms on a Dirac semimetal
Creators: name: Danu, Bimla
name: Vojta, Matthias
name: Assaad, Fakher F.
name: Grover, Tarun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a spin-1/2 Heisenberg chain coupled via a Kondo interaction to two-dimensional Dirac fermions. The Kondo interaction is irrelevant at the \textit{decoupled} fixed-point, leading to the existence of a Kondo-breakdown phase and a Kondo-breakdown critical point separating such a phase from a heavy Fermi liquid. We reach this conclusion on the basis of a renormalization group analysis, large-N calculations as well as extensive auxiliary-field quantum Monte Carlo simulations. We extract quantities such as the zero-bias tunneling conductance which will be relevant to future experiments involving adatoms on semimetals such as graphene.
description: 14 pages, 19 figures, including supplemental material
Using the Ricardian Technique to estimate the impacts of climate change on Crop Farming in Pakistan
Creators: name: Ahmed, Mirza Nomman
name: Schmitz, P. Michael
name: Ahmed, Mirza Nomman
name: Schmitz, P. Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Environmental Economics and Policy

description: This study uses the Ricardian valuation technique to estimate the effect of climate change on the crop farming sector in Pakistan. As a main contribution this paper uses a large household level dataset comprising 3336 farming entities to analyze long-term climate impacts on farm net crop revenues. In particular temperature increases in key growing seasons can be harmful. Annual losses for crop farming ranging from 100-200US$ can be expected. Given an average crop net income of 450US$ per hectare, these impacts can be devastating for farmers. The climate impacts will vary across geographic regions. Temperature is found to be the detrimental factor for farming in Pakistan. Precipitation changes seem to have a rather negligible effect.
Overview of the CLEF 2024 SimpleText Task 4: SOTA? Tracking the State-of-the-Art in Scholarly Publications
Creators: name: D'Souza, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial intelligence
subject: Large Language Models
subject: Generative AI
subject: shared task
subject: CLEF 2024
subject: SimpleText 2024
subject: community challenge

description: This talk offers an overview of the CLEF 2024 SimpleText Task 4 on SOTA? Tracking the State-of-the-Art inScholarly Publications, asking systems to perform two tasks: 1) classification – given the full text of an AI scientific paper, classify whether the paper indeed reports model scores on benchmark datasets, and if so, 2) information extraction – extract all pertinent (Task, Dataset, Metric, Score) tuples from the content of the scientific paper to automatically populate leaderboards used to keep track on the latest and greatest AI models. The details of the task set-up are given. First, the “SOTA?” task corpus comprising over 14K AI scientific papers, their corresponding annotations, and detailed corpus statistics. Second, the Evaluation Metrics used and the online Codalab Evaluation Platform to accept participant submissions. Third, the Results of the runs submitted by our participants.
Electronic structure methods: Augmented Waves, Pseudopotentials and the Projector Augmented Wave Method
Creators: name: Blöchl, Peter E.
name: Kaestner, Johannes
name: Foerst, Clemens J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The main goal of electronic structure methods is to solve the Schroedinger equation for the electrons in a molecule or solid, to evaluate the resulting total energies, forces, response functions and other quantities of interest. In this paper we describe the basic ideas behind the main electronic structure methods such as the pseudopotential and the augmented wave methods and provide selected pointers to contributions that are relevant for a beginner. We give particular emphasis to the Projector Augmented Wave (PAW) method developed by one of us, an electronic structure method for ab-initio molecular dynamics with full wavefunctions. We feel that it allows best to show the common conceptional basis of the most widespread electronic structure methods in materials science.
description: to appear in: Handbook of Materials Modeling; Volume 1: Methods and Models, Sidney Yip (Ed.); Kluwer Academic Publishers
Black Hole Shadow Observations with Space-Ground Interferometers
Creators: name: Mikheeva, E. V.
name: Repin, S. V.
name: Lukash, V. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the black hole (BH) shadow images which can be restored by data processing and image recovery procedures in future space Very Large Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) missions. For Kerr BHs with masses and coordinates of SgrA*, M87* and M31*, illuminated by light source behind them, we consider three kinds of observation: the ground-based interferometer (similar to the Event Horizon Telescope), space-ground interferometer with a satellite in geocentric orbit and space-ground interferometer with a satellite located in Lagrange point $L_2$. The significant difference between the images produced by the ground-based telescope alone and the one of the space VLBI with an added low-orbit satellite is caused by both the increased baseline and the improved of (u,v) coverage. The near-Earth configuration of the radio interferometer for the observation of BH shadows is the most preferable for the BH shadow observations among considered cases. With further increasing the orbit radius up to the Lagrange point $L_2$ the density of the (u,v) filling decreases and the results appear less reliable. Model images for all the cases are presented.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
Trader-supplier Coordination in the Agrifood Supply Chains in Northern Ethiopia
Creators: name: Alemu, Abebe Ejigu
name: Mathijs, Erik
name: Maertens, Miet
name: Deckers, Jozef A.
name: Gebregziabher, Kidanemariam
name: Baur, Hans
name: Gebrehiwot, Kindeya
name: Alemu, Abebe Ejigu
name: Mathijs, Erik
name: Maertens, Miet
name: Deckers, Jozef A.
name: Gebregziabher, Kidanemariam
name: Baur, Hans
name: Gebrehiwot, Kindeya
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: vertical coordination
subject: trader
subject: supplier
subject: agrifood
subject: supply chain
subject: Probit Model

description: There exists a huge agrifood potential in Ethiopia. However, the country's agrifood supply chains are underdeveloped to deliver quality supply to traders and supplement household livelihoods from the sector. The key factors that determine the proper functioning of supplier-trader chains were not rigorously investigated, at least in the case study area. This paper aims at examining the key determinants in choosing vertical coordination for agrifood products in Tigray, Northern Ethiopia. Structured questionnaires were administered to 247 traders in 10 towns in Tigray. Probit model was employed to identify the key determinants of vertical coordination. Model results show that market information, product characteristics, firm characteristics, and product quality were found significant factors in determining the adoption of vertical coordination. An interesting finding is that traders tend to vertically coordinate so as to get credit from suppliers. Based on our findings we suggest that strengthening quality assurance and contract enforcement institutions appears to be an important intervention area to improve the agrifood chain in the study area. Moreover, providing financial support to encourage the private sector to operate in agro-processing is among the efforts that need to be focused so that it facilitates the rural development process in the region.
ALMA [CII] 158um imaging of an HI-Selected Major Merger at z~4
Creators: name: Prochaska, J. Xavier
name: Neeleman, Marcel
name: Kanekar, Nissim
name: Rafelski, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high spatial-resolution (~2kpc) Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of [CII] 158um and dust-continuum emission from a galaxy at z=3.7978 selected by its strong HI absorption (a damped Lya absorber, DLA) against a background QSO. Our ALMA images reveal a pair of star-forming galaxies separated by ~6kpc (projected) undergoing a major merger. Between these galaxies is a third emission component with highly elevated (2x) [CII] 158um emission relative to the dust continuum, which is likely to arise from stripped gas associated with the merger. This merger of two otherwise-normal galaxies is not accompanied by enhanced star-formation, contrary to mergers detected in most luminosity-selected samples. The DLA associated with the merger exhibits extreme kinematics, with a velocity width for the low-ionization metal lines of Dv90~470km/s that spans the velocity spread revealed in the [CII] 158um emission. We propose that DLAs with high Dv90 values are a signpost of major mergers in normal galaxies at high redshifts, and use the distribution of the velocity widths of metal lines in high-z DLAs to provide a rough estimate the fraction of z>3 galaxies that are undergoing a major merger.
description: Published in ApJL: https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019ApJ...886L..35P/abstract
Non-minimally Coupled Tachyonic Inflation in Warped String Background
Creators: name: Chingangbam, Pravabati
name: Panda, Sudhakar
name: Deshamukhya, Atri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the non-minimal coupling of tachyon field to the scalar curvature, as proposed by Piao et al, with the chosen coupling parameter does not produce the effective potential where the tachyon field can roll down from T=0 to large $T$ along the slope of the potential. We find a correct choice of the parameters which ensures this requirement and support slow-roll inflation. However, we find that the cosmological parameter found from the analysis of the theory are not in the range obtained from observations. We then invoke warped compactification and varying dilaton field over the compact manifold, as proposed by Raeymaekers, to show that in such a setup the observed parameter space can be ensured.
description: minor typos corrected and references added
Unstable Individual Bids and Stable Market Demand
Creators: name: Alfnes, Frode
name: Rickertsen, Kyrre
name: Shogren, Jason F.
name: Alfnes, Frode
name: Rickertsen, Kyrre
name: Shogren, Jason F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: aggregation
subject: consumer preferences
subject: demand
subject: experimental auctions
subject: food choice

description: We explore preference stability at the individual and market level. We examine individual bidding behavior among 116 French consumers who participated in experimental auctions conducted seven months apart for five types of fish. We reject preference stability at the individual level, but not at the aggregate market level.
Asymptotics for hitting times
Creators: name: Kupsa, M.
name: Lacroix, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37A05, 37A50, 60F05, 28D05. (Primary)

description: In this paper we characterize possible asymptotics for hitting times in aperiodic ergodic dynamical systems: asymptotics are proved to be the distribution functions of subprobability measures on the line belonging to the functional class {6pt} {-3mm}(A){6mm}F={F:R\to [0,1]:\left\lbrack \matrixF is increasing, null on ]-\infty, 0]; \noalignF is continuous and concave; \noalignF(t)\le t for t\ge 0.\right.}. {6pt} Note that all possible asymptotics are absolutely continuous.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009117904000000883 in the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Positive Mass in General Relativity Without Energy Conditions
Creators: name: Alves, Níckolas de Aguiar
name: Landulfo, Andre G. S.
name: Costa, Bruno Arderucio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A long-standing problem in physics is why observed masses are always positive. While energy conditions in quantum field theory can partly answer this problem, in this paper we find evidence that classical general relativity abhors negative masses, without the need for quantum theory or energy conditions. This is done by considering many different models of negative-mass "stars" and showing they are dynamically unstable. A fortiori, we show that any barotropic negative-mass star must be dynamically unstable.
description: 26 pages, 9 figures. v3 accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D. Two extra appendices relative to the published version
Additional file 9 of Pulmonary and systemic responses to aerosolized lysate of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in calves
Creators: name: Bassel, Laura L.
name: Carmon Co
name: Macdonald, Alaina
name: Sly, Laurel
name: McCandless, Erin E.
name: Hewson, Joanne
name: Raksha Tiwari
name: Shayan Sharif
name: Siracusa, Laura
name: Clark, Mary Ellen
name: Caswell, Jeff L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 9. Gross lung lesions at 24 h after aerosol administration of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli lysate.
Client-Server Identification Protocols with Quantum PUF
Creators: name: Doosti, Mina
name: Kumar, Niraj
name: Delavar, Mahshid
name: Kashefi, Elham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, major progress has been made towards the realisation of quantum internet to enable a broad range of classically intractable applications. These applications such as delegated quantum computation require running a secure identification protocol between a low-resource and a high-resource party to provide secure communication. In this work, we propose two identification protocols based on the emerging hardware secure solutions, the quantum Physical Unclonable Functions (qPUFs). The first protocol allows a low-resource party to prove its identity to a high-resource party and in the second protocol, it is vice-versa. Unlike existing identification protocols based on Quantum Read-out PUFs which rely on the security against a specific family of attacks, our protocols provide provable exponential security against any Quantum Polynomial-Time adversary with resource-efficient parties. We provide a comprehensive comparison between the two proposed protocols in terms of resources such as quantum memory and computing ability required in both parties as well as the communication overhead between them.
description: 40 pages, 11 figures
Additional file 2 of Developmental and sequenced one-to-one educational intervention (DS1-EI) for autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability: a two-year interim report of a randomized single-blind multicenter controlled trial
Creators: name: Tanet, Antoine
name: Hubert-Barthelemy, Annick
name: Marie-Noëlle Clément
name: Soumille, François
name: Crespin, Graciela C.
name: Pellerin, Hugues
name: François-André Allaert
name: Cohen, David
name: Saint-Georges, Catherine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. DS1-EI fidelity grid rated during the study supervision.
Deposition of sodium carbonate and sodium sulfate in supercritical water oxidation systems and its mitigation
Creators: name: Khan, Mohammad Sultan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) is a technique to destroy wet organic waste. The oxidation reaction takes place at high temperature (T > 374°C) and pressure (P > 22 MPa). Organics are miscible with water at these conditions but inorganic salts, such as Na₂SO₄ and Na₂CO₃, are not soluble and crystallize on the reactor surface leading to the problem of heat exchanger fouling. Solubility and deposition of these salts on a tubular heat exchanger (reactor) surface have been studied in this work. Experiments were performed to determine solubility of these salts in binary phase and in ternary phase systems, for a wide range of temperatures. A rapid decrease in the salt solubility was observed just above the pseudo-critical temperature. For supercritical conditions, the solubility of each salt in the form of a mixture was quite close to the solubility of pure salt. In order to reduce the net salt deposition, particulate instead of crystalline deposition was encouraged. In the presence of particulate fouling, the deposit buildup was not steady. The flowing fluid partially removed the deposited layer, once it reached a certain thickness, and then the deposition process continued over a number of cycles. Compared to pure crystalline fouling, combined particulate-crystalline fouling resulted in a three times longer operating period, before the system had to be shut down for removing salt deposits. Salt solution leaving the reactor was four times higher than the saturation limit. The structure of the deposits, both pure crystalline and combined particulate-crystalline, were analyzed using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX). The crystalline scale structure was found to be dense and tenacious, whereas the combined particulate-crystalline deposit was relatively less dense and easy to remove. A computer program has been developed, in MATLAB, to simulate heat and salt mass transfer in order to determine the salt deposition at various reactor locations. The model predicts the clean tube surface temperature quite accurately. The surface temperature change after the salt deposition is also in good agreement with the actual experimental measurements. The calculated location of the peak surface temperature change, due to fouling resistance, was found to be quite close to the experimental data.
A Robotics-Inspired Scanpath Model Reveals the Importance of Uncertainty and Semantic Object Cues for Gaze Guidance in Dynamic Scenes
Creators: name: Mengers, Vito
name: Roth, Nicolas
name: Brock, Oliver
name: Obermayer, Klaus
name: Rolfs, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The objects we perceive guide our eye movements when observing real-world dynamic scenes. Yet, gaze shifts and selective attention are critical for perceiving details and refining object boundaries. Object segmentation and gaze behavior are, however, typically treated as two independent processes. Here, we present a computational model that simulates these processes in an interconnected manner and allows for hypothesis-driven investigations of distinct attentional mechanisms. Drawing on an information processing pattern from robotics, we use a Bayesian filter to recursively segment the scene, which also provides an uncertainty estimate for the object boundaries that we use to guide active scene exploration. We demonstrate that this model closely resembles observers' free viewing behavior on a dataset of dynamic real-world scenes, measured by scanpath statistics, including foveation duration and saccade amplitude distributions used for parameter fitting and higher-level statistics not used for fitting. These include how object detections, inspections, and returns are balanced and a delay of returning saccades without an explicit implementation of such temporal inhibition of return. Extensive simulations and ablation studies show that uncertainty promotes balanced exploration and that semantic object cues are crucial to forming the perceptual units used in object-based attention. Moreover, we show how our model's modular design allows for extensions, such as incorporating saccadic momentum or pre-saccadic attention, to further align its output with human scanpaths.
description: 40+25 pages, 8+7 figures
Reduced cross section and gluon distribution in a momentum-space approach
Creators: name: Boroun, G. R.
name: Ha, Phuoc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a calculation of the reduced cross section in momentum-space approach utilizing the Block-Durand-Ha (BDH) parameterization of the proton structure function $F_{2}(x,Q^2)$ and the leading-order (LO) longitudinal structure function $F_{L}(x,Q^2)$, proposed by Boroun and Ha [G.R. Boroun and P.Ha, Phys. Rev. D {\bf 109} (2024) 094037] using Laplace transform techniques. Our results are compared with the HERA data and extended to the Large Hadron electron Collider (LHeC) domain. We also examine the ratio $F_{L2}(x, Q^2)=F_{L}(x, Q^2)/F_{2}(x, Q^2)$ obtained from our work, comparing it with both the H1 data and the color dipole (CDP) bounds. We find that our results for the reduced cross section and the ratio $F_{L2}(x, Q^2)$ agree with the H1 data. Finally, our evaluation of the gluon distribution functions $G(x,Q^2)$ in momentum-space approach shows very good concordance with the NNPDF3.0LO gluon structure functions for moderate $Q^2$ in the range $10^{-5}{\leq}x{\leq}1$.
Earliest-deadline-first service in heavy-traffic acyclic networks
Creators: name: Kruk, Lukasz
name: Lehoczky, John
name: Shreve, Steven
name: Yeung, Shu-Ngai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K25 (Primary) 60G57, 60J65, 68M20. (Secondary)

description: This paper presents a heavy traffic analysis of the behavior of multi-class acyclic queueing networks in which the customers have deadlines. We assume the queueing system consists of J stations, and there are K different customer classes. Customers from each class arrive to the network according to independent renewal processes. The customers from each class are assigned a random deadline drawn from a deadline distribution associated with that class and they move from station to station according to a fixed acyclic route. The customers at a given node are processed according to the earliest-deadline-first (EDF) queue discipline. At any time, the customers of each type at each node have a lead time, the time until their deadline lapses. We model these lead times as a random counting measure on the real line. Under heavy traffic conditions and suitable scaling, it is proved that the measure-valued lead-time process converges to a deterministic function of the workload process.
Spontaneous and Induced Oscillations in Confined Epithelia
Creators: name: Parmar, Toshi
name: Dow, Liam P.
name: Pruitt, Beth L.
name: Marchetti, M. Cristina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The feedback between mechanical and chemical signals plays a key role in controlling many biological processes and collective cell behavior. Here we focus on the emergence of spatiotemporal density waves in a one-dimensional "cell train." Combining a minimal theoretical model with observations in an in vitro experimental system of MDCK epithelial cells confined to a linear pattern, we examine the spontaneous oscillations driven by the feedback between myosin activation and mechanical deformations and their effect on the response of the tissue to externally applied deformations. We show that the nature and frequency of spontaneous oscillations is controlled by the size of the cell train, with a transition from size-dependent standing waves to intrinsic spontaneous waves at the natural frequency of the tissue. The response to external boundary perturbations exhibit a resonance at this natural frequency, providing a possible venue for inferring the mechanochemical couplings that control the tissue behavior from rheological experiments.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures
Additional file 7 of Pulmonary and systemic responses to aerosolized lysate of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in calves
Creators: name: Bassel, Laura L.
name: Carmon Co
name: Macdonald, Alaina
name: Sly, Laurel
name: McCandless, Erin E.
name: Hewson, Joanne
name: Raksha Tiwari
name: Shayan Sharif
name: Siracusa, Laura
name: Clark, Mary Ellen
name: Caswell, Jeff L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 7. PANTHER classification of 19 upregulated proteins and 26 downregulated proteins in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid following aerosolization of bacterial lysate in 4 calves.
10 Years of Stellar Activity for GJ 1243
Creators: name: Davenport, James. R. A.
name: Mendoza, Guadalupe Tovar
name: Hawley, Suzanne L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The flaring M4 dwarf GJ 1243 has become a benchmark for studying stellar flare and starspot activity thanks to the exceptional photometric monitoring archive from the Kepler mission. New light curves from the TESS mission for this star allow precise stellar activity characterization over more than a decade timescale. We have carried out the first flare and starspot analysis of GJ 1243 from over 50 days of data from TESS Sectors 14 and 15. Using 133 flare events detected in the 2-minute cadence TESS data, we compare the cumulative flare frequency distributions, and find the flare activity for GJ 1243 is unchanged between the Kepler and TESS epochs. Two distinct starspot groups are found in the TESS data, with the primary spot having the same rotational period and phase as seen in Kepler. The phase of the secondary spot feature is consistent with the predicted location of the secondary starspot and measurement of weak differential rotation, suggesting this secondary spot may be long-lived and stable in both latitude and longitude. As expected for this highly active star, the constant spot and flare activity reveal no sign of solar-like activity cycles over 10 years. However, we highlight the unique ability for Kepler and TESS to use flare rates to detect activity cycles.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, AJ accepted