Sampling Plan
Creators: name: Farnsworth, Nicole
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2022

description: Existing Data
Registration prior to analysis of the data

Explanation of existing data
Previously published literature

Data collection procedures 
After preliminary lit search (key concepts, words, index terms, MeSH terms), discussion among authors, determined research questions:
What is known of the health and performance of trained female athletes returning to sport in the postpartum period?

Identify relevant studies
A priori inclusion/exclusion criteria

Inclusion:
From any year, location, setting; in English
All abilities
Female for sex assigned at birth, and no testosterone or other male-hormone interventions
Participants must be identified as postpartum (&lt; 2 years after childbirth)
Sample populations MUST meet tier 2 criteria at a minimum for “athlete” per McKay et al, under review 
Sources include primary, grey literature (unpublished ongoing trials, annual reports, dissertations, conference proceedings)
Both outcomes associated with training/competition aims (strength, endurance, power, frequency) and health-related outcomes (including injury/rehab)
Study population consists of female humans

Exclusion:
Opinion pieces, magazine or newspaper articles, reviews, scoping reviews, guidelines, case reports/studies, studies with n&lt;5
Research articles that do not investigate measures relevant to training/competition aims of an athlete
Research articles with a sedentary sample
Health/safety of male athletes
Study population consisting of non-human animals

Search strategy
Searches run 14 March 2022
Number of results from all searches = 890
After de-duplication = 609

EMBASE [340]
'puerperium'/exp OR 'postnatal care'/de OR 'pregnancy outcome'/exp
('post partum' OR postpartum OR puerperal OR puerperium OR postnatal* OR 'post natal*'):ti,ab
(postpreganancy OR 'post pregnancy' OR 'after pregnancy' OR 'after delivery' OR childbirth OR ‘pregnancy outcome*’):ti,ab
'maternal care'/exp OR 'maternal behavior'/exp
(Maternity OR motherhood):ti,ab
#1 OR #2 OR #3 OR #4 OR #5
'athlete'/exp 
(Athlet* OR gymnast* OR runner* OR dancer* OR fighter* OR trampolinist* OR cyclist* OR rider* OR sportswom?n OR sports-wom?n OR sport* OR triathlete* OR 'para athlete*' OR paraathlete OR olympi* OR footballer* OR golfer* OR olympi*):ti,ab,kw
((Elite OR professional OR particpat* OR recreational) NEAR/3 (sport* OR athlet*)):ti,ab
#7 OR #8 OR #9
'sport'/exp OR 'return to sport'/exp OR 'sport participation'/exp OR 'sports medicine'/exp OR 'physical activity'/exp OR 'sports science'/exp OR 'sport injury'/exp OR 'athletic performance'/exp
((return* OR resume OR resumption OR restart* OR start OR participat*) NEAR/6 (sport* OR train* OR play* OR exercis*)):ti,ab,kw
(('post partum' OR postpartum OR postnatal OR 'post natal') NEAR/5 (sport* OR playing OR athlet* OR exercis*)):ti,ab,kw
#11 OR #12 OR #13
#6 AND #10 AND #14

Medline [235]
Postpartum Period/ OR Postnatal Care/ OR exp Parturition/ OR Pregnancy Outcome/
 (post partum OR postpartum OR puerperal OR puerperium OR postnatal* OR post natal*).ti,ab.
(postpreganancy OR post pregnancy OR after pregnancy OR after delivery OR childbirth OR pregnancy outcome*).ti,ab.
Maternal Welfare/ OR Mothers/ OR Maternal behavior/
(Maternity OR motherhood).ti,ab
or/1-5
exp Athletes/ 
(Athlete* OR gymnast* OR runner* OR dancer* OR fighter* OR trampolinist* OR cyclist* OR rider* OR sportswom*n OR sports-wom*n OR sport* OR triathlete* OR 'para athlete*' OR paraathlete OR olympi* OR footballer* OR golfer* OR olympi*).ti,ab.
((Elite OR professional OR particpat* OR recreational) adj3 (sport* OR athlet*)).ti,ab.
or/7-9
exp Sports/ OR Return to Sport/ OR Sports Medicine/ OR exp Exercise/ OR Athletic Injuries/ OR Athletic Performance/
((return* OR resume OR resumption OR restart* OR start OR participat*) adj6 (sport* OR train* OR play* OR exercis*)).ti,ab.
((post partum OR postpartum OR postnatal OR post natal) adj5 (sport* OR playing OR athlet* OR exercis*)).ti,ab.
or/11-13
6 AND 10 AND 14

CINAHL [84]

(MH "Postnatal Period") OR (MH "Puerperium") OR (MH "Postnatal Care") OR (MH "Pregnancy Outcomes")
TI (“post partum” OR postpartum OR puerperal OR puerperium OR postnatal* OR “post natal*”) OR AB (“post partum” OR postpartum OR puerperal OR puerperium OR postnatal* OR “post natal*”)
TI (postpreganancy OR “post pregnancy” OR “after pregnancy” OR “after delivery” OR childbirth OR “pregnancy outcome*”) OR AB (postpreganancy OR “post pregnancy” OR “after pregnancy” OR “after delivery” OR childbirth OR “pregnancy outcome*”)
(MH "Maternal Attitudes") OR (MH "Maternal Behavior") OR (MH "Motherhood")
TI (Maternity OR motherhood) OR AB (Maternity OR motherhood)
S1 OR S2 OR S3 OR S4 OR S5
(MH "Athletes+") OR (MM "Athletes, Female") 
TI (Athlet* OR gymnast* OR runner* OR dancer* OR fighter* OR trampolinist* OR cyclist* OR rider* OR sportswom?n OR sports-wom?n OR sport* OR triathlete* OR “para athlete*” OR paraathlete OR olympi* OR footballer* OR golfer* OR olympi*) OR AB (Athlet* OR gymnast* OR runner* OR dancer* OR fighter* OR trampolinist* OR cyclist* OR rider* OR sportswom?n OR sports-wom?n OR sport* OR triathlete* OR “para athlete*” OR paraathlete OR olympi* OR footballer* OR golfer* OR olympi*)
TI ((Elite OR professional OR particpat* OR recreational) N3 (sport* OR athlet*)) OR AB ((Elite OR professional OR particpat* OR recreational) N3 (sport* OR athlet*))
S7 OR S8 OR S9
(MH "Sports+") OR (MH "Sports Re-Entry") OR (MH "Sports Participation") OR (MH "Sports Medicine+") OR (MH "Physical Activity")
TI ((return* OR resume OR resumption OR restart* OR start OR participat*) N6 (sport* OR train* OR play* OR exercis*)) OR AB ((return* OR resume OR resumption OR restart* OR start OR participat*) NEAR/6 (sport* OR train* OR play* OR exercis*))
TI ((“post partum” OR postpartum OR postnatal OR “post natal”) N5 (sport* OR playing OR athlet* OR exercis*)) OR AB ((“post partum” OR postpartum OR postnatal OR “post natal”) NEAR/5 (sport* OR playing OR athlet* OR exercis*))
S11 OR S12 OR S13
S6 AND S10 AND S14



Web of Science [96]

((“post partum” OR postpartum OR puerperal OR puerperium OR postnatal* OR “post natal*” OR postpreganancy OR “post pregnancy” OR “after pregnancy” OR “after delivery” OR childbirth OR “pregnancy outcome*” OR maternity OR motherhood) AND (Athlet* OR gymnast* OR runner* OR dancer* OR fighter* OR trampolinist* OR cyclist* OR rider* OR sportswom?n OR sports-wom?n OR sport* OR triathlete* OR “para athlete*” OR paraathlete OR olympi* OR footballer* OR golfer* OR olympi* OR ((Elite OR professional OR particpat* OR recreational) NEAR/3 (sport* OR athlet*))) AND (((return* OR resume OR resumption OR restart* OR start OR participat*) NEAR/6 (sport* OR train* OR playing OR exercis*)) OR ((“post partum” OR postpartum OR postnatal OR “post natal”) NEAR/5 (sport* OR play* OR athlet* OR exercis*))))

Google Scholar [1440]
“post partum”|postpartum|puerperal|postnatal athlete “return|resume|resumption|restart|participate AROUND(3) exercise|playing|training|sport”
[2630]
“after AROUND(2) pregnancy|delivery”|childbirth “return|resume|resumption|restart|participate AROUND(3) exercise|playing|training|sport”

Databases included: PubMed (Medline w/in), Web of Science, PsycINFO, Embase, CINAHL, Google Scholar 

Select studies
Follow PRISMA guidelines
Relevant titles, abstracts selected by two different authors per eligibility criteria, double check each other’s work, report concordance rate (in Covidence)

Data extraction

No files selected

Sample size
609 studies were imported for screening and 33 have been selected for full text review.

Sample size rationale
No response

Stopping rule
No response