cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
КОЛОМЕНСКОЕ В 1940-1950-Е ГОДЫ
Creators: name: БОКАРЕВА О.Б.
Publisher: name: Международный журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук
Year: 2020
Subjects: КОЛОМЕНСКОЕ
МУЗЕЙ-ЗАПОВЕДНИК
ВЕЛИКАЯ ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННАЯ ВОЙНА
ЭВАКУАЦИЯ В Г. БАРНАУЛ
АЭРОСТАТЫ ВОЗДУШНОГО ЗАГРАЖДЕНИЯ
ЗЕНИТНЫЕ ОРУДИЯ
УВЕЛИЧЕНИЕ ПОСЕЩАЕМОСТИ МУЗЕЯ
СОЦСОРЕВНОВАНИЕ
KOLOMENSKOYE
MUSEUM-RESERVE
THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR
THE EVACUATION IN C. BARNAUL
AIR BARRAGE BALLOONS
ANTI-AIRCRAFT GUNS
INCREASED ATTENDANCE AT THE MUSEUM
SOCIALIST COMPETITION

description: Статья знакомит читателей с историей музея в Коломенском в военные и первые послевоенные годы. Сотрудники музея столкнулись с тяжелыми обстоятельствами, вызванными Великой Отечественной войной. Некоторые из них были призваны на фронт, некоторые были эвакуированы вместе с экспонатами в г. Барнаул. Коломенское охраняли истребители, аэростаты воздушного заграждения, зенитные орудия. С 1944 г. увеличилась посещаемость музея. Коломенское посещали военные, иностранные граждане (австрийский и английский послы), сотрудники разных ведомств, представители творческой интеллигенции, школьники. В 1945 г. в Коломенское вернулись из эвакуации сотрудники. Начался новый этап реставрации памятников, подготовки научных работ, экспозиционных планов и экскурсионных маршрутов. В 1950-х гг. было положено начало соцсоревнованиям по освоению второй профессии сотрудниками музея.
Characterizing faint galaxies in the reionization epoch: LBT confirms two L<0.2L* sources at z=6.4 behind the CLASH/Frontier Fields cluster MACS0717.5+3745
Creators: name: Vanzella, E.
name: Fontana, A.
name: Zitrin, A.
name: Coe, D.
name: Bradley, L.
name: Postman, M.
name: Grazian, A.
name: Castellano, M.
name: Pentericci, L.
name: Giavalisco, M.
name: Rosati, P.
name: Nonino, M.
name: Smit, R.
name: Balestra, I.
name: Bouwens, R.
name: Cristiani, S.
name: Giallongo, E.
name: Zheng, W.
name: Infante, L.
name: Cusano, F.
name: Speziali, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the LBT/MODS1 spectroscopic confirmation of two images of faint Lyman alpha emitters at $z=6.4$ behind the Frontier Fields galaxy cluster MACSJ0717.5+3745. A wide range of lens models suggests that the two images are highly magnified, with a strong lower limit of mu>5. These are the faintest z>6 candidates spectroscopically confirmed to date. These may be also multiple images of the same z=6.4 source as supported by their similar intrinsic properties, but the lens models are inconclusive regarding this interpretation. To be cautious, we derive the physical properties of each image individually. Thanks to the high magnification, the observed near-infrared (restframe ultraviolet) part of the spectral energy distributions and Ly-alpha lines are well detected with S/N(m_1500)>~10 and S/N(Ly-alpha)~10-15. Adopting mu>5, the absolute magnitudes, M_1500, and Ly-alpha fluxes, are fainter than -18.7 and 2.8x10^(-18)erg/s/cm2, respectively. We find a very steep ultraviolet spectral slope beta=-3.0+/-0.5 (F_lambda=lambda^(beta)), implying that these are very young, dust-free and low metallicity objects, made of standard stellar populations or even extremely metal poor stars (age
description: Accepted by ApJL; 6 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, emulateapj format
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 263.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 14.11.1996, 09:00, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1996

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 2.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Tetradrachm Hadrian, Alexandria 132–133 A.D.
Creators: name: Museum, Centre for Ancient Cultures
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Archaeology of Europe, the Mediterranean and the Levant
Heritage, archive and museum studies not elsewhere classified
Archaeology not elsewhere classified
Metals and alloy materials
Classical Greek and Roman history
Other history, heritage and archaeology not elsewhere classified

description: References: Strack, P. L., Die Reichspraegung zur Zeit des Hadrian, W Kohlhammer, Stuttgart, 1933, nn. 306, 738; Mattingly, H., RE3 / Coins of the Roman Empire in the British Museum, vol. III: Nerva to Hadrian, London: BMP, 1976, nn. 862, 1773; Mattingly, H., Sydenham, E. A., RIC2 / The Roman imperial coinage, vol. 2: Vespasian to Hadrian, Spink, London, 1986, nn. 310, 781; Abdy, R. A., Mittag, P. F., RIC2.3 / The Roman Imperial Coinage, vol. II - part 3 from AD 117-138 Hadrian, Spink, London, 2019, nn. 1463, 1543; Milne 1269, 1351-1352, 1354; KÖln 1063; Emmett 876; Dattari 1434 var. (legend). Provincial tetradrachm. On the obverse, laureate draped and cuirassed bust of Hadrian (117-138 A.D.), facing right. The inscription reads AVT KAIC TPAIAN AΔPIANOC CEB (AVT KAIΣ TPAIAN AΔPIANOΣ ΣEB). On the reverse, very faded, the river-god Nilos, represented as a bearded man, nude to the waist, possibly reclining against a sphinx to left, upon a crocodile in flowing water, holding cornucopia and reed. The letters L IZ (date, regnal year 17) in upper field. Mint of Alexandria, Egypt. The Nile and the Tiber were the two most important rivers in the Roman world. Date: 132–133 AD. Parallels: compare with London, British Museum 1864,1128.63, 1912,0710.120, 1912,0710.121, 1934,1018.43, 1936,0815.35, G3,RIG.188, R.8869, R.8870, R.8871, R.8873, R.12334 (all in latin).Photo by Steve Morton
Coin Ptolemy I Soter, 305–283 B.C.
Creators: name: Museum, Centre for Ancient Cultures
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Archaeology of Europe, the Mediterranean and the Levant
Heritage, archive and museum studies not elsewhere classified
Archaeology not elsewhere classified
Metals and alloy materials
Classical Greek and Roman history
Other history, heritage and archaeology not elsewhere classified

description: References: Poole, R. S., Catalogue of Greek coins: the Ptolemies, kings of Egypt, London: BMP, 1883; Svoronos, I. N., Τα Νομισματα του Κρατους των Πτολεμαιων (The Coins of the Ptolemaic Kings), Sakellarios, Athens, 1904, 416, pl. 15, 424; Mørkholm, O., Early Hellenistic Coinage from the Accession of Alexander to the Peace of Apamaea (336-188 BC), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991; Hazzard, R. A., Ptolemaic Coins: An Introduction for Collectors, Toronto, 1995; Bouyon, B., Depeyrot, G., Desnier, J.-L., Le système et la technologie des monnaies de bronze, Wetteren, 2000; Lorber, C., Coins of the Ptolemaic Empire I: Ptolemy I through Ptolemy IV, New York: American Numismatic Society, 2018. Coin from the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt, Ptolemy I Soter I (305-283 BC). On the obverse, head of deified-Alexander the Great in elephant skin headdress, to represent the last conquest of new territory before his death, India., and wearing aegis, facing right. Open-wing eagle standing left on thunderbolt with inscription ΠΤΟΛΕΜΑΙΟΥ (of Ptolemy) on the left field. Distinct monogram between the eagle's legs, the letter A (alpha). On both sides is partially visible the border of dots. Centering hole on both sides. Early coins often have punch holes suggesting they were repeatedly tested to determine their true composition or because of the technical manufacture as they were part of the flan preparation. Date: 305–283 B.C. Parallels: similar example London, British Museum 1980,1214.16094, TC,p236.3.PtoIX; for the elephant skin compare with London, British Museum 1876,0505.28, 1885,0505.15; Philadelphia, Penn Museum 29-70-302.Photo by Steve Morton
ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ КОММУНИКАЦИИ ГОРОДИЩ БАХМУТИНСКОЙ КУЛЬТУРЫ В УФИМСКО-БЕЛЬСКОМ МЕЖДУРЕЧЬЕ
Creators: name: КОЛОНСКИХ А.Г.
Publisher: name: Международный журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук
Year: 2020
Subjects: БАХМУТИНСКАЯ КУЛЬТУРА
УФИМСКО-БЕЛЬСКОЕ МЕЖДУРЕЧЬЕ
ГОРОДИЩА
ПОСЕЛЕНИЯ
ГИС
ВИЗУАЛЬНЫЙ КОНТРОЛЬ
ДРЕВНЯЯ КОММУНИКАЦИЯ
BAKHMUTINO CULTURE
UFA-BELAYA INTERFLUVE
FORTIFIED SETTLEMENTS
HILLFORTS
SETTLEMENTS
GIS
VISUAL CONTROL
ANCIENT COMMUNICATION

description: Статья посвящена анализу возможностей визуального контроля раннесредневековых городищ бахмутинской культуры. Специфика топографии и ландшафта площадок укрепленных поселений позволяют предполагать наличие в древности средств коммуникации, путём подачи световых и дымовых сигналов. В изучаемом регионе, этот аспект ещё не становился темой отдельного исследования. Данная работа является примером комплексного подхода для достижения поставленной цели. Теоретические модели древней коммуникации, в ходе исследования были смоделированы в программной ГИС-среде, после чего данные были верифицированы в ходе эксперимента. Полученные результаты, опираясь на археологические данные, позволяют предполагать наличие визуальных способов коммуникации раннесредневекового населения бахмутинской археологической культуры в Уфимско-Бельском междуречье.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 234.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 02.10.1996, 09:15, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1996

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
ИСЛАМИЗАЦИЯ БАЛКАНСКОГО ПОЛУОСТРОВА: БОСНИЙСКИЙ И АЛБАНСКИЙ ТИПЫ
Creators: name: НИКИТЮК В.А.
Publisher: name: Международный журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук
Year: 2020
Subjects: БОСНИЯ И ГЕРЦЕГОВИНА
АЛБАНИЯ
ИСЛАМИЗАЦИЯ
ОСМАНСКАЯ ИМПЕРИЯ
БОГОМИЛЬСТВО
ИСЛАМ
ХРИСТИАНСТВО
BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
ALBANIA
ISLAMIZATION
OTTOMAN EMPIRE
BOGOMILISM
ISLAM
CHRISTIANITY

description: В статье рассмотрена исламизация населения Балканского полуострова. Особое внимание уделено предпосылкам и причинам этого явления. Автор анализирует события в Боснии и Герцеговине и Албании, а также социальные и религиозные противоречия, возникшие на этих территориях в XV-XVII вв. Особое внимание уделено различным точкам зрения на данный процесс.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 142.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 24.06.1996, 07:00, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1996

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Possible Energy Gain for a Plasma Liner-Driven Magneto-Inertial Fusion Concept
Creators: name: Knapp, C. E.
name: Kirkpatrick, R. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A one dimensional parameter study of a magneto-inertial fusion (MIF) concept indicates that significant gain may be achievable. This concept uses a dynamically formed plasma shell with inwardly directed momentum to drive a magnetized fuel to ignition, which in turn partially burns an intermediate layer of unmagnetized fuel. The concept is referred to as Plasma Jet MIF or PJMIF. The results of an adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) Eulerian code (Crestone) are compared to those of a Lagrangian code (LASNEX). These are the first published results using the Crestone and LASNEX codes on the PJMIF concept.
description: 13 pages, 7 tables, 1 figure; accepted by Physics of Plasmas (May 12, 2014)
Tetradrachm Nero, Tiberius reverse, Alexandria 66–67 A.D.
Creators: name: Museum, Centre for Ancient Cultures
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Archaeology of Europe, the Mediterranean and the Levant
Heritage, archive and museum studies not elsewhere classified
Archaeology not elsewhere classified
Metals and alloy materials
Classical Greek and Roman history
Other history, heritage and archaeology not elsewhere classified

description: References: Poole, R. S., BMC Greek (Alexandria) / Catalogue of the coins of Alexandria and the Nomes, London: BMP, 1892, nn. 113-115, 2662, 2681; Milne, J. G., Catalogue of Alexandrian Coins, Oxford University Press, Oxford, Ashmolean Museum, 1933, nn. 256-260; Grueber, H. A., Coins of the Roman Republic in the British Museum: vol. 1 aes rude, aes signatum, aes grave, and coinage of Rome from B.C. 268, London: British Museum, 1970; Crawford, M. H., Roman Republican Coinage, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1974, n. 5295; Geissen, A., Katalog alexandrinischer Kaisermünzen, Köln, Cologne, 1974-1983, n. 187; Emmett, K., Alexandrian coins, Clio's Cabinet, 2001, n. 134; Savio, A. (ed.), NUMI. AUGG. ALEXANDRINI - Catologo Della Collezione Dattari, Giulio Bernardi Editore, Trieste, 2007, n. 185; Ghey, E., Leins, I. & Crawford, M. H., A catalogue of the Roman Republican Coins in the British Museum, with descriptions and chronology based on M.H. Crawford, Roman Republican Coinage (1974), London: British Museum, 2010; Köln 187. Roman provincial Tetradrachm. On the obverse the inscription NEPΩ ΚΛAY KAIΣ ΣEB ΓEP AY, with radiate bust of Nero (54-68 AD) facing left and wearing aegis, [L I]Γ (date) in the left field. On the reverse the inscription TIBEPIOΣ KAIΣAP, Laureate head of Divus Tiberius to right. Minted in Alexandria, Egypt. Dated RY 13 (= 66/67). Date: 66–67 AD. Parallels: very similar examples London, British Museum 1838,0210.71.X, 1860,0327.131, 1896,1004.14, CR.215, G.1953.Photo by Steve Morton
A simple technique for combining simplified models and its application to direct stop production
Creators: name: Barnard, James
name: Farmer, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The results of many LHC searches for supersymmetric particles are interpreted using simplified models, in which one fixes the masses and couplings of most sparticles then scans over a few remaining masses of interest. We present a new technique for combining multiple simplified models (that requires no additional simulation) thereby highlighting the utility and limitations of simplified models in general, and demonstrating a simple way of improving LHC search strategies. The technique is used to derive limits on the stop mass that are model independent, modulo some reasonably generic assumptions which are quantified precisely. We find that current ATLAS and CMS results exclude stop masses up to 340 GeV for neutralino masses up to 120 GeV, provided that the total branching ratio into channels other than top-neutralino and bottom-chargino is small, and that there is no mass difference smaller than 10 GeV in the mass spectrum. In deriving these limits we place upper bounds on the branching ratios for complete stop pair decay processes for many values of the stop, neutralino and chargino masses. These are available with this paper.
description: 25 pages, data included in source. V3: new content added, version accepted for publication
НАСЕЛЕНИЕ И ПРОДОВОЛЬСТВИЕ В ТЫЛУ В 1941-1944 ГОДЫ (ПО МАТЕРИАЛАМ АРХИВНЫХ ФОНДОВ КУЙБЫШЕВСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ)
Creators: name: НИКОЛАЕВ С.В.
Publisher: name: Международный журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук
Year: 2020
Subjects: ВЕЛИКАЯ ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННАЯ ВОЙНА
НАСЕЛЕНИЕ
ПРОДУКТЫ ПИТАНИЯ
ТЫЛ
ВОЙНА
ПРОДОВОЛЬСТВЕННАЯ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ
ПРОДУКТОВЫЕ КАРТОЧКИ
THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR
POPULATION
FOOD
HOME FRONT
WAR
FOOD ORGANIZATION
RATION CARDS

description: Статья посвящена проблеме организации продовольственной проблемы в тылу среди населения в указанный период. В работе рассмотрены особенности повседневной организации снабжения продовольствием населения в годы войны. Раскрываются основные проблемы, стоящие перед властью для решения продовольственной проблемы в тылу. Определяется специфика организации процесса на конкретном регионе СССР (Куйбышевской области). Структурированы способы решения, а также проблемы, которые стали следствием продовольственной катастрофы. Особое внимание уделяется организации общественного питания партийных работников, а также на трудовых производствах. Определяется особенность снабжения продовольствием транзитного потока эвакуируемых людей.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 113.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 25.05.1996, 09:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1996

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Coin possibly Ptolemy II Philadelphos, Phoenicia 285–262 B.C.
Creators: name: Museum, Centre for Ancient Cultures
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Archaeology of Europe, the Mediterranean and the Levant
Heritage, archive and museum studies not elsewhere classified
Archaeology not elsewhere classified
Metals and alloy materials
Classical Greek and Roman history
Other history, heritage and archaeology not elsewhere classified

description: References: Poole, R. S., Catalogue of Greek coins: the Ptolemies, kings of Egypt, London: BMP, 1883, p. 16, 27.33; Svoronos, I. N., Τα Νομισματα του Κρατους των Πτολεμαιων (The Coins of the Ptolemaic Kings), Sakellarios, Athens, 1904, nn. 203, 338, 631, 719, 722, 918, 920; Mørkholm, O., Early Hellenistic Coinage from the Accession of Alexander to the Peace of Apamaea (336-188 BC), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991; Hazzard, R. A., Ptolemaic Coins: An Introduction for Collectors, Toronto, 1995; Lorber, C., Coins of the Ptolemaic Empire I: Ptolemy I through Ptolemy IV, New York: American Numismatic Society, 2018. Silver stater. On the obverse, diademed head of Ptolemy I Soter I (305-283 BC) or Ptolemy II Philadelphos (285/4-246 BC, “sibling-loving”) because he married his full sister, Arsinoë II, facing right and wearing aegis / Eagle with closed wings standing left on thunderbolt. ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ (Basileos) “King” or “Emperor”. In left field, ΣΙ monogram above Μ; conied in Sidon (Phoenicia) probably ca. 275/4 B.C. Date: 285–262 B.C. Parallels: very similar example London, British Museum 1864,1118.29, compare with 1845,0705, 1864,1118.35, 1871,0702.2, 1871,0702.12, 1878,0301.253.Photo by Steve Morton
"SVILUPPO INNOVAZIONE OCCUPAZIONE"
Creators: name: Morelli, Rocco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: SVILUPPO, INNOVAZIONE, OCCUPAZIONE, RICERCA

description: Convegno organizzato da Associazione Ambiente e Società, Associazione Adiconsum e Associazione Italian Digital Revolution Martedì 27 febbraio 2018 - ore 16,00 Auditorium Cisl, in Via Rieti, 9 - Roma.

Dott. R.Morelli, IEng MIET Comitato scientifico Associazione Ambiente e Società
description: VEDI ANCHE http://www.associazioneambientesocieta.it/as/index.php/Convegni-Svolti/
In situ spatiotemporal patterning of light using ultrasonic virtual tunable optical waveguides
Creators: name: Karimi Chalmian, Yasin
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biological Engineering

description: In this thesis, I discuss a novel technique for confining and patterning light in situ using ultrasonic waves. In this method, ultrasound is launched into the medium non-invasively to form virtual optical waveguides that can confine, guide, and pattern light within the volume of the target medium. I demonstrate that these optical patterns can be rapidly reconfigured by virtue of changing the interference pattern of the ultrasonic waves launched into the medium. This method presents unprecedented advantages for in situ spatiotemporal optical beam patterning that can be combined with state-of-the-art optical methods to enhance their reach and flexibility. Conventional external optical elements have been used to shape and pattern light prior to launching it into the target medium. Lack of control on the propagation of light beams into the target medium after it is launched poses limitations for these conventional methods based on external optics. To address this issue, invasive optical elements such as endoscopes have also been used to deliver light to the depth of the target medium to protect photons from scattering and refraction due to the inhomogeneity of the medium. These invasive optical methods disturb the medium, which can be detrimental, for example, when light is being delivered to or collected from biological tissue. In this thesis, I focus on demonstrating the concept of in situ optical beam patterning by ultrasound using a theoretical and experimental approach. Using rigorous simulations and analyses, I show the feasibility of the concept and I design ultrasonic-optical systems to demonstrate this technique. I discuss the design and implementation of a characterization setup to experimentally demonstrate this technique in transparent and scattering media. I show through experiments on mouse tissue that these in situ patterns of light can also be formed in heterogeneous mouse brain tissue through the skull. Finally, I discuss the combination of this technique with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography to extend the depth of imaging without compromising the lateral resolution. Using a combined approach of theory, simulations, and experiments, I demonstrate, for the first time, the applicability of ultrasonically sculpted virtual elements for non-invasive light delivery and imaging through scattering tissue. This presented method in this thesis can be used in tandem with existing conventional optical methods such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) to extend the reach and improve the flexibility of light-based methods.
Increased efficiency of ion acceleration by using femtosecond laser pulses at higher harmonic frequency
Creators: name: Psikal, Jan
name: Klimo, Ondrej
name: Weber, Stefan
name: Margarone, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The influence of laser frequency on laser-driven ion acceleration is investigated by means of two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations. When ultrashort intense laser pulse at higher harmonic frequency irradiates a thin solid foil, the target may become relativistically transparent for significantly lower laser pulse intensity compared to irradiation at fundamental laser frequency. The relativistically induced transparency results in an enhanced heating of hot electrons as well as increased maximum energies of accelerated ions and their numbers. Our simulation results have shown the increase of maximum proton energy and of the number of high-energy protons by a factor of 2 after the interaction of an ultrashort laser pulse of maximum intensity $7 \times 10^{21}~\rm{W/cm^2}$ with a fully ionized plastic foil of realistic density and of optimal thickness between $100~\rm{nm}$ and $200~\rm{nm}$ when switching from the fundamental frequency to the third harmonics.
Follis Constantine II, Rome 337–339 A.D.
Creators: name: Museum, Centre for Ancient Cultures
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Archaeology of Europe, the Mediterranean and the Levant
Heritage, archive and museum studies not elsewhere classified
Metals and alloy materials
Archaeology not elsewhere classified
Classical Greek and Roman history
Other history, heritage and archaeology not elsewhere classified

description: References: Vaux, W. S. W. “On a discovery of Roman coins, in the Parish of Little Malvern, Worcestershire”, The Numismatic Chronicle and Journal of the Numismatic Society, vol. 11, 1848, pp. 19–39; Cohen, H., Description historique des monnaies frappées sous l̕Empire romain communément appellées, médailles imperials, Vol. 7, Paris: Rollin & Feuardent, 1892; Hill, P. V., Kent, J. P. C., Carson, R. A. G., Late Roman Bronze Coinage Part I & II. London, 1960; Bruck, G., Die spätrömische Kupferprägung, Graz, 1961; Chantraine, H., Die Fundmünzen der römischen Zeit in Deutschland (FMRD), Abteilung IV Rheinland-Pfalz; Band 2 Pfalz. Berlin, 1965; Sutherland, C. H. V., Carson, R. A. G., The Roman Imperial Coinage, vol. 8: The Family of Constantine I (337–364), Spink and Son Ltd, London, 1981; Robertson, A. S., Roman Imperial Coins in the Hunter Coin Cabinet, University of Glasgow: V, Diocletian (Reform) to Zeno, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1982; Baldi, E., “Le monete di San Piero in Cotto”, in E. Cirelli (ed.), Gli scavi di San Pietro in Cotto, 2014, pp. 112-122, n. 10. Coin with medium-low conservation; beading not visible. On the obverse of this coin, bust of possibly Constantine II (r. 337-340 A.D.) or Constantine the Great (r. 306-337): laurel and rosette-diademed, draped and cuirassed bust facing right. On the left side of the legend, the inscription VIC CONST, possibly VIC CONSTANTINVS AVG. Obverse translation: “Victor Constantinus Augustus”. On the reverse with legend reading VIRTVS AVGVSTI, flatly struck; reverse translation: “the Virtue of the emperor”. Valour, emperor(?), standing left holding reverse spear, leaning on shield, possibly head facing right. Exergue not visible. Constantine II was emperor for three years, but his coins as augustus are quite scarce. Date: 337–339 AD. Parallels: Cambridge, Harvard Art Museums 1976.79.687; Bad Dürkheim, Stadtmuseum im Kulturzentrum Haus Catoir772617.Photo by Steve Morton
ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ОЦЕНКА КАЧЕСТВА ПРЕСНЫХ ПОДЗЕМНЫХ ВОД НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ РЕСПУБЛИКИ БАШКОРТОСТАН
Creators: name: РАХИМОВА А.А.
Publisher: name: Международный журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук
Year: 2020
Subjects: ВОДОСНАБЖЕНИЕ
ВОДОЗАБОР
ЕСТЕСТВЕННЫЕ УСЛОВИЯ
ЖЕСТКОСТЬ
ЗАГРЯЗНЕНИЕ
ИСТОЧНИКИ
МИНЕРАЛИЗАЦИЯ
ПОДЗЕМНЫЕ ВОДЫ
WATER SUPPLY
WATER INTAKE
NATURAL CONDITIONS
HARDNESS
POLLUTION
SPRINGS
MINERALIZATION
GROUNDWATER

description: В статье представлены естественные и антропогенные источники загрязнения подземных вод и описаны наиболее загрязненные районы территории республики. Определены основные загрязняющие компоненты подземной водной среды, снижающие качество вод хозяйственно-питьевого назначения. В результате исследования выявлено 82 очага загрязнения антропогенного характера. В большинстве к ним относятся азотистые соединения, сульфаты и хлориды, нефтепродукты, а в меньшинстве - фенолы и тяжелые металлы.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 108.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 20.05.1996, 14:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1996

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Does living in a 20-minute neighbourhood  impact food shopping behaviours?
Creators: name: Laura Oostenbach
name: Burnett, Alissa
name: Lamb, Karen
name: Thornton, Lukar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Cities worldwide (e.g., Portland, Paris, Melbourne) have adopted the planning concept of x-minute neighbourhoods to foster local and healthy living through the provision of everyday services within a x-minute (typically a 15- or 20-minute) walk or cycle from home. Whilst a range of lifestyle benefits have been projected, evidence as to whether they promote healthy local living is generally lacking. Given the emphasis on benefits related to diet and physical activity behaviours, we examined whether living in a 20-minute neighbourhood (20MN) impacts where people grocery shop and what transport mode they use to access their main supermarket. Data were from 769 participants from the 2018-2019 Places and Locations for Activity and Nutrition study (ProjectPLAN) conducted in Melbourne and Adelaide, Australia. Neighbourhood service address points in Victoria and South Australia were sourced and geocoded. The 20MN concept was operationalised based on Plan Melbourne urban planning document, with 20MNs defined as areas with access to five layers of key services: healthy food, community facilities (e.g., schools), recreation facilities (gyms), public open spaces and public transport. Non-20MNs had access to few individual attributes within these layers. Outcomes were distance from home and transport mode to primary visited supermarket. Comparisons were made between participants living in 20MNs and non-20MNs. Median distance to primary supermarket was shorter in 20MNs (Melbourne: 1.4 km, Adelaide: 1.4 km) than in non-20MNs (Melbourne: 3.4 km, Adelaide: 3.0 km). Modelling indicated that participants in 20MNs travelled 51% (95% CI: 42-60%) and 57% (95% CI: 49-64%) shorter distances than those in non-20MNs in Melbourne and Adelaide, respectively. Whilst travelling by car was the most common transport mode to access primary supermarket across both neighbourhood types, a lower percentage of participants travelled by car in 20MNs than non-20MNs (Melbourne: 62% vs. 94%, Adelaide: 78% vs. 98%). A higher percentage of participants in 20MNs typically walked to their primary supermarket compared to non-20MNs (Melbourne: 30% vs. 1%, Adelaide: 19% vs. 1%). The use of cycling as a mode of transport was almost absent across both 20MNs (Melbourne: 4%, Adelaide: 1%) and non-20MNs (Melbourne: 1%, Adelaide: 1%). Our findings suggest 20MNs offer opportunities for greater engagement with local food stores. Whilst walking to primary supermarket is more common in 20MNs, car use remains a dominant form of transport. Further research is warranted to understand how to effectively promote non-motorised forms of transport when shopping for food.
Identifying Children Autism Spectrum Disorder via Machine Learning based Behavior Analysis
Creators: name: Liu, Wenbo
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a group of lifelong neurodevelopmental disorders with complicated causes. A key symptom of ASD patients is their impaired interpersonal communication ability. In this thesis, we consider the problem of screening/diagnosing children autism spectrum disorder by analyzing their behaviors through machine learning. Our work is motivated by the broad spectrum of previous research which indicates that children with ASD are often characterized by certain behaviors such as abnormal visual attention, lack of response to names, and impaired interpersonal communication abilities. Such behavior-level signs motivate us to analyze and identify these abnormalities under a variety of different modalities with data-driven approaches. Specifically, we begin by identifying ASD children based on their face scanning patterns. We consider using a bag-of-words (BoW) model to encode face scanning patterns, and further propose a novel dictionary learning method via discriminative mode seeking to improve the BoW representation and the identification accuracy. To render more natural and spontaneous children reactions, we further consider an interactive diagnostic procedure under a multi-camera, multimodal system where children activities are recorded with minimum constraints. Three assessment protocols originated from the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-Generic (ADOS-G) are designed: 1. response to name, 2. separation and reunion, 3. response to non-social sound stimulation. We comprehensively analyze the children behaviors through a number of computer vision, speech processing, and general machine learning approaches. Some typical problems we consider include preprocessing steps such as person detection/re-identification, pose estimation, as well as feature extraction/score prediction on top of preprocessing. Comprehensive experimental results show that the proposed frameworks not only can effectively identify ASD, but also help human diagnosis by providing an auxiliary view with mid-level machine features/scores. Although the proposed work is yet too preliminary to directly replace existing autism assessment methods in clinical practice, it shed light on future applications of machine learning methods in early screening of the disease.
Analytic approach to nuclear rotational states: The role of spin - A minimal model -
Creators: name: Bentz, W.
name: Arima, A.
name: Richter, A.
name: Wambach, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a simple field theory model to investigate the role of the nucleon spin for the magnetic sum rules associated with the low-lying collective scissors mode in deformed nuclei. Various constraints from rotational symmetry are elucidated and discussed. We put special emphasis on the coupling of the spin part of the M1 operator to the low lying collective modes, and investigate how this coupling changes the sum rules.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ СОДЕРЖАНИЯ БРОМА В ГОРНЫХ ПОРОДАХ РЕНТГЕНФЛУОРЕСЦЕНТНЫМ МЕТОДОМ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ИСКУССТВЕННЫХ ГРАДУИРОВОЧНЫХ ОБРАЗЦОВ
Creators: name: УШАКОВА Е.В.
name: РАДОМСКАЯ В.И.
name: СЕГРЕНЕВ А.С.
Publisher: name: Международный журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук
Year: 2020
Subjects: РЕНТГЕНОФЛУОРЕСЦЕНТНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ
ГОРНАЯ ПОРОДА
МЕТОДИКА
БРОМ
X-RAY FLUORESCENCE ANALYSIS
ROCK
METHOD
BROMINE

description: В данной работе описана методика определения концентрации Br с использованием искусственных градуировочных образцов горных пород с помощью волнодисперсионного рентгенофлуоресцентного спектрометра Lab Center XRF-1800 фирмы SHIMADZU (Япония). Анализ данных, полученных с помощью предложенной методики, и данных, полученных по методике сравнения, а также оценка метрологических характеристик предлагаемой методики свидетельствуют о ее корректности и комплементарности.
U-gravity : ${\mathbf{SL}(N)}$
Creators: name: Park, Jeong-Hyuck
name: Suh, Yoonji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We construct a duality manifest gravitational theory for the special linear group, ${\mathbf{SL}(N)}$ with $N{\neq 4}$. The spacetime is formally extended, to have the dimension $\textstyle{\frac{1}{2}} N(N-1)$, yet is `gauged'. Consequently the theory is subject to a section condition. We introduce a semi-covariant derivative and a semi-covariant `Riemann' curvature, both of which can be completely covariantized after symmetrizing or contracting the ${\mathbf{SL}(N)}$ vector indices properly. Fully covariant scalar and `Ricci' curvatures then constitute the action and the `Einstein' equation of motion. For $N\geq 5$, the section condition admits duality inequivalent two solutions, one $(N-1)$-dimensional and the other three-dimensional. In each case, the theory can describe not only Riemannian but also non-Riemannian backgrounds.
description: 1+36 pages. Comments added. To appear in JHEP
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 68.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 01.04.1996, 09:45, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1996

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
СПОРТИВНАЯ ХОДЬБА НА УЧЕБНЫХ ЗАНЯТИЯХ
Creators: name: БАЗАНОВ А.Н.
Publisher: name: Международный журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук
Year: 2020
Subjects: СПОРТИВНАЯ ХОДЬБА
ФИЗИЧЕСКОЕ УПРАЖНЕНИЕ
СРЕДСТВО
УЧЕБНЫЕ ЗАНЯТИЯ
ТЕХНИКА
SPORTS WALKING
PHYSICAL EXERCISE
MEANS
TRAINING SESSIONS
TECHNIQUE

description: Ходьба как физическое упражнение является основным и самым естественным для человека. Несмотря на кажущуюся простоту, рациональная техника выполнения упражнения требует значительных усилий по ее постановке, коррекции (так как навык уже сформирован и доведен до автоматизма). В студенческие годы решить эту задачу вполне возможно. Актуальность работы вызвана также необходимостью проведения занятий по физической культуре на свежем воздухе, в период масштабной практики ограничений в связи с распространением коронавирусной инфекции. Важно отметить, что применяя спортивную ходьбу, как средство физической культуры на учебных занятиях можно значительно повысить уровень общей и специальной выносливости занимающихся, улучшить адаптационные возможности организма и психоэмоциональное состояние студентов.
Inflation in a two 3-form fields scenario
Creators: name: Kumar, K. Sravan
name: Marto, J.
name: Nunes, Nelson J.
name: Moniz, Paulo Vargas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A setting constituted by $\mathbb{N}$ 3-form fields, without any direct interaction between them, minimally coupled to gravity, is introduced in this paper as a framework to study the early evolution of the universe. We focus particularly on the two 3-forms case. An inflationary scenario is found, emerging from the coupling to gravity. More concretely, the fields coupled in this manner exhibit a complex interaction, mediated by the time derivative of the Hubble parameter. Our investigation is supported by means of a suitable choice of potentials, employing numerical methods and analytical approximations. In more detail, the oscillations on the small field limit become correlated, and one field is intertwined with the other. In this type of solution, a varying sound speed is present, together with the generation of isocurvature perturbations. The mentioned features allow to consider an interesting model, to test against observation. It is subsequently shown how our results are consistent with current CMB data (viz.Planck and BICEP2).
description: Version accepted in JCAP. 22 pages, 12 figures, new refs added
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 134.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 16.06.1996, 09:30, erstellt von Andrea Manna
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1996

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
СОДЕРЖАНИЕ И МЕТОДИКА ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ ДИСТАНЦИОННОГО ОБУЧЕНИЯ В СОВРЕМЕННОМ ОБРАЗОВАНИИ
Creators: name: МОГИЛЕВСКИЙ Г.А.
name: ТАРАСОВ Д.Ю.
name: БЕРЕЖНОВА Л.Н.
Publisher: name: Международный журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук
Year: 2020
Subjects: ДИСТАНЦИОННЫЕ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ
ЭЛЕКТРОННОЕ ОБУЧЕНИЕ
ЗАКОНОДАТЕЛЬСТВО
ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ
ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНАЯ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТЬ
REMOTE EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES
E-LEARNING
LEGISLATION
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES

description: В статье рассматриваются понятие и сущность электронного обучения и дистанционных образовательных технологий, а так же методические приемы применения отдельных элементов дистанционных образовательных технологий и электронного обучения в образовательной деятельности с учетом форс-мажорных обстоятельств организационного, программного и материально-технического характера. Предпринята попытка охарактеризовать особенности учёта и способов функционирования в образовательном процессе дистанционных образовательных технологий и электронного обучения.
TRANSIZIONE:L'APPROCCIO OLISTICO  Per un'ANALISI sulla SOSTENIBILITA' e la PACE , 4 E : ENERGIA ECOLOGIA ECONOMIA ETICA
Creators: name: Morelli, Rocco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: TRANSIZIONE, ENERGIA, ECOLOGIA, ECONOMIA, ETICA

description: Evento in rete con la presenza di SOGIN SPA
Double-headed coin Constantinus I, Rome 297–302 A.D.
Creators: name: Museum, Centre for Ancient Cultures
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Archaeology of Europe, the Mediterranean and the Levant
Heritage, archive and museum studies not elsewhere classified
Archaeology not elsewhere classified
Metals and alloy materials
Classical Greek and Roman history
Other history, heritage and archaeology not elsewhere classified

description: References: Vaux, W. S. W. “On a discovery of Roman coins, in the Parish of Little Malvern, Worcestershire”, The Numismatic Chronicle and Journal of the Numismatic Society, vol. 11, 1848, pp. 19–39; Cohen, H., Description historique des monnaies frappées sous l̕Empire romain communément appellées, médailles imperials, Vol. 7, Paris: Rollin & Feuardent, 1892; Crawford, M. H., “Control-Marks and the Organization of the Roman Republican Mint”, Papers of the British School at Rome 34, 1966, pp. 18–23; Grueber, H. A., Coins of the Roman Republic in the British Museum: vol. 1 aes rude, aes signatum, aes grave, and coinage of Rome from B.C. 268, London: British Museum, 1970; Crawford, M. H., Roman Republican Coinage, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1974; Robertson, A. S., Roman Imperial Coins in the Hunter Coin Cabinet, University of Glasgow: V, Diocletian (Reform) to Zeno, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1982; Sutherland, C. H. V., Carson, R. A. G., The Roman Imperial Coinage, vol. 6: from Diocletian's reform (AD 294) to the death of Maximinus (AD 313), Spink and Son Ltd, London, 1967. Coin well centered, double headed observe and reserve; beading mainly visible on obverse. On the obverse of this coin, consular bust of Constantinus I: laureate head, draped and cuirassed bust facing right. At his sides, the inscription CONSTANTINVS P F AVG. Obverse translation: “Constatine Pius Felix Augustus”. On the reverse is inscribed SOLI INVICTO COMITI; reverse translation: “to the unconquered Sun, minister [of the Emperor]”. Radiate draped bust of Sol right. Date: 297–302 AD. Parallels: very similar examples London, British Museum 1927,0616.503, 1990,1102.14, 1994,0915.621, B.559, B.560, compare with 1864,1128.192; New York, American Numismatic Society 1944.100.6049; compare with Philadelphia, Penn Museum 29-126-1178.Photo by Steve Morton
Accounting for selection effects in the BH-bulge relations: No evidence for cosmological evolution
Creators: name: Schulze, Andreas
name: Wisotzki, Lutz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The redshift evolution of the black hole - bulge relations is an essential observational constraint for models of black hole - galaxy coevolution. In addition to the observational challenges for these studies, conclusions are complicated by the influence of selection effects. We demonstrate that there is presently no statistical significant evidence for cosmological evolution in the black hole-bulge relations, once these selection effects are taken into account and corrected for. We present a fitting method, based on the bivariate distribution of black hole mass and galaxy property, that accounts for the selection function in the fitting and is therefore able to recover the intrinsic black hole - bulge relation unbiased. While prior knowledge is restricted to a minimum, we at least require knowledge of either the sample selection function and the mass dependence of the active fraction, or the spheroid distribution function and the intrinsic scatter in the black hole - bulge relation. We employed our fitting routine to existing studies of the black hole-bulge relation at z~1.5 and z~6, using our current best knowledge of the distribution functions. There is no statistical significant evidence for positive evolution in the MBH-M* ratio out to z~2. At z~6 the current constraints are less strong, but we demonstrate that the large observed apparent offset from the local black hole-bulge relation at z~6 is fully consistent with no intrinsic offset. The method outlined here provides a tool to obtain more reliable constraints on black hole - galaxy co-evolution in the future.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, published in MNRAS