cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1: of Early increase of CSF sTREM2 in Alzheimer’s disease is associated with tau related-neurodegeneration but not with amyloid-β pathology
Creators: name: Suárez-Calvet, Marc
name: Morenas-Rodríguez, Estrella
name: Kleinberger, Gernot
name: Schlepckow, Kai
name: Caballero, Miguel
name: Franzmeier, Nicolai
name: Capell, Anja
name: Fellerer, Katrin
name: Nuscher, Brigitte
name: Eren, Erden
name: Levin, Johannes
name: Yuetiva Deming
name: Piccio, Laura
name: Karch, Celeste
name: Cruchaga, Carlos
name: Shaw, Leslie
name: Trojanowski, John
name: Weiner, Michael
name: Ewers, Michael
name: Haass, Christian
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Plant Biology

description: CSF sTREM2 measurement. Figure S1. Effects of rare TREM2 variants on antibody affinities. Figure S2. CSF sTREM2 in the A/T and in the A/N classifications. Table S1. Demographic and clinical characteristics of the entire sample. Table S2. Associations of CSF sTREM2 with AD CSF core biomarkers including the biomarkers outliers. Table S3. Associations of CSF sTREM2 with AD CSF core biomarkers including subjects carrying a TREM2 rare variant. (DOCX 1992 kb)
Volatile fatty acids from acidogenic digestion of solid biowaste
Creators: name: CETENMA
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Volatile fatty acids
biowaste

description: Volatile fatty acids such as acetic, propionic or butyric acids are known as the "carboxylate platform" or "building blocks" since they are used for many applications in the chemical and petrochemical industry for the production of goods such as plastics, lubricants, paints, etc. Currently, they are mainly obtained from petrochemical resources, but they can be also produced from organic wastes through acidogenic digestion with similar yields and biowaste treatment capacity as anaerobic digestion.
Hyperspherical three-body model calculation for the bound $^{1,3}$S-states of Coulombic systems
Creators: name: Khan, Md. Abdul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, hyperspherical three-body model formalism has been applied for the calculation energies of the low-lying bound $^{1,3}$S (L=0)-states of neutral helium and helium like Coulombic three-body systems having nuclear charge (Z) in the range Z=2 to Z=92. The calculation of the coupling potential matrix elements of the two-body potentials has been simplified by the introduction of Raynal-Revai Coefficients (RRC). The three-body wave function in the Schrődinger equation when expanded in terms of hyperpherical harmonics (HH), leads to an infinite set of coupled differential equation (CDE). For practical reason the infinite set of CDE is truncated to a finite set and are solved by an exact numerical method known as renormalized Numerov method (RNM) to get the energy solution (E). The calculated energy is compared with the ones of the literature.
description: 25 pages, 5 figures, 8 tables. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1406.4953
Recursive Method for Nekrasov partition function for classical Lie groups
Creators: name: Nakamura, Satoshi
name: Okazawa, Futoshi
name: Matsuo, Yutaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nekrasov partition function for the supersymmetric gauge theories with general Lie groups is not so far known in a closed form while there is a definition in terms of the integral. In this paper, as an intermediate step to derive it, we give a recursion formula among partition functions, which can be derived from the integral. We apply the method to a toy model which reflects the basic structure of partition functions for BCD type Lie groups and obtained a closed expression for the factor associated with the generalized Young diagram.
description: 21 pages;v2 comments and references added
Decay constants of the pion and its excitations in holographic QCD
Creators: name: Ballon-Bayona, Alfonso
name: Krein, Gastao
name: Miller, Carlisson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the leptonic decay constants of the pion and its excitations with a 5-d holographic model for quantum chromodynamics. We prove numerically that the leptonic decay constants of the excited states of the pion vanish in the chiral limit when chiral symmetry is dynamically broken. This nontrivial result is in agreement with a solid prediction of quantum chromodynamics and is based on a generalized Gell-Mann-Oakes-Renner relationship involving the decay constants and masses of the excited states of the pion. We also obtain an extended partially conserved axial-vector current relation that includes the fields of the excited states of the pion, a relation that was proposed long ago in the context of current algebra.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Effect of Local Channels on Quantum Steering Ellipsoids
Creators: name: Hu, Xueyuan
name: Fan, Heng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of a local trace-preserving single-qubit channel on a two-qubit state is investigated in the picture of the quantum steering ellipsoids (QSE). The phenomenon of locally increased quantum correlation is visualized in this picture. We strictly prove that a $B$-side two-qubit discordant state can be locally prepared from a classical state by a trace-preserving channel on qubit $B$ if and only if its QSE of $B$ is a non-radial line segment. For states with higer-dimensional QSEs, the phenomenon of locally increased quantum correlation generally happens when the shape of the QSE is like a baguette. Based on this observation, we find a class of entangled states whose quantum discord can be increased by the local amplitude damping channel. Further, We find that the local quantum channel does not increase the size of QSEs of either qubit $A$ or qubit $B$, for the needle-shape QSE states, as well as the Bell diagonal states with higher-dimensional QSE.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures. Comments are welcome
Variance as a sensitive probe of correlations enduring the infinite particle limit
Creators: name: Klaiman, Shachar
name: Alon, Ofir E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bose-Einstein condensates made of ultracold trapped bosonic atoms have become a central venue in which interacting many-body quantum systems are studied. The ground state of a trapped Bose-Einstein condensate has been proven to be 100% condensed in the limit of infinite particle number and constant interaction parameter [Lieb and Seiringer, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 88}, 170409 (2002)]. The meaning of this result is that properties of the condensate, noticeably its energy and density, converge to those obtained by minimizing the Gross-Pitaevskii energy functional. This naturally raises the question whether correlations are of any importance in this limit. Here, we demonstrate both analytically and numerically that even in the infinite particle limit many-body correlations can lead to a substantial modification of the \textit{variance} of any operator compared to that expected from the Gross-Pitaevskii result. The strong deviation of the variance stems from its explicit dependence on terms of the reduced two-body density matrix which otherwise do not contribute to the energy and density in this limit. This makes the variance a sensitive probe of many-body correlations even when the energy and density of the system have already converged to the Gross-Pitaevskii result. We use the center-of-mass position operator to exemplify this persistence of correlations. Implications of this many-body effect are discussed.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures
Canonical charges and asymptotic symmetry algebra of conformal gravity
Creators: name: Irakleidou, Maria
name: Lovrekovic, Iva
name: Preis, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study canonical conformal gravity in four dimensions and construct the gauge generators and the associated charges. Using slightly generalized boundary conditions compared to those in \cite{Grumiller:2013mxa} we find that the charges associated with space-time diffeomorphisms are finite and conserved in time. They are also shown to agree with the Noether charges found in \cite{Grumiller:2013mxa}. However, there exists no charge associated with Weyl transformations. Consequently the asymptotic symmetry algebra is isomorphic to the Lie algebra of the boundary condition preserving diffeomorphisms. For illustrative purposes we apply the results to the Mannheim--Kazanas--Riegert solution of conformal gravity.
description: 18 pages
Non-classicalities via perturbing local unitary operations
Creators: name: Zhang, Jun
name: Zhang, Yang
name: Wu, Shao-xiong
name: Yu, Chang-shui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the nonclassical correlations in a two-qubit state by the perturbing local unitary operation method. We find that the definitions of various non-classicalities including quantum discord (QD), measurement-induced nonlocality (MIN) and so on usually do not have a unique definition when expressed as the perturbation of local unitary operations, so a given non-classicality can lead to different definitions of its dual non-classicality. In addition, it is shown that QD and MIN are not the corresponding dual expressions in a simple set of unitary operations, even though they are in their original definitions. In addition, we also consider the non-classicalities in general $2\otimes d$ dimensional systems.
Exploring water, sanitation, and hygiene coverage targets for reaching and sustaining trachoma elimination: G-computation analysis
Creators: name: Kadri, B.
name: Kabona, G.E.
name: Gower, E.W.
name: Bobo Barkesa, S.
name: Simon, A.
name: Sullivan, K.M.
name: Epee, E.
name: Kalua, K.M.
name: Harding-Esch, E.M.
name: Massangaie, M.E.
name: Bakhtiari, A.
name: Abdala, M.
name: Bio Issifou, A.A.
name: Baayenda, G.
name: Batcho, W.E.
name: Kaitaba, O.
name: Mpyet, C.D.
name: Al-Khateeb, T.Q.
name: Keil, A.P.
name: Minnih, A.O.
name: Badiane, M.D.
name: Masika, M.P.
name: Nassirou, B.
name: Freeman, M.C.
name: Westreich, D.
name: Bella, A.L.
name: Elshafie, B.E.
name: Solomon, A.W.
name: Amza, A.
name: Sanha, S.
name: Bucumi, V.
name: Seife Gebretsadik, F.
name: Olobio, N.
name: Mwale, C.
Publisher: name: NLM (Medline)
Year: 2023

description: BACKGROUND: Trachoma is the leading infectious cause of blindness. To reduce transmission, water, sanitation, and hygiene (WaSH) improvements are promoted through a comprehensive public health strategy. Evidence supporting the role of WaSH in trachoma elimination is mixed and it remains unknown what WaSH coverages are needed to effectively reduce transmission. METHODS/FINDINGS: We used g-computation to estimate the impact on the prevalence of trachomatous inflammation-follicular among children aged 1-9 years (TF1-9) when hypothetical WaSH interventions raised the minimum coverages from 5% to 100% for "nearby" face-washing water (<30 minutes roundtrip collection time) and adult latrine use in an evaluation unit (EU). For each scenario, we estimated the generalized prevalence difference as the TF1-9 prevalence under the intervention scenarios minus the observed prevalence. Data from 574 cross-sectional surveys conducted in 16 African and Eastern Mediterranean countries were included. Surveys were conducted from 2015-2019 with support from the Global Trachoma Mapping Project and Tropical Data. When modeling interventions among EUs that had not yet met the TF1-9 elimination target, increasing nearby face-washing water and latrine use coverages above 30% was generally associated with consistent decreases in TF1-9. For nearby face-washing water, we estimated a ≥25% decrease in TF1-9 at 65% coverage, with a plateau upon reaching 85% coverage. For latrine use, the estimated decrease in TF1-9 accelerated from 80% coverage upward, with a ≥25% decrease in TF1-9 by 85% coverage. Among EUs that had previously met the elimination target, results were inconclusive. CONCLUSIONS: Our results support Sustainable Development Goal 6 and provide insight into potential WaSH-related coverage targets for trachoma elimination. Targets can be tested in future trials to improve evidence-based WaSH guidance for trachoma.
Gallbladder microbiota in healthy dogs and dogs with mucocele formation
Creators: name: Stauffer, S.H.
name: Stowe, D.M.
name: Cullen, J.M.
name: Gookin, J.L.
name: Azcarate-Peril, M.A.
name: Callahan, B.J.
name: Arnold, J.W.
name: Seiler, G.S.
name: Mathews, K.G.
name: Aicher, K.M.
name: Jacob, M.E.
name: Cullen, R.
name: Hartley, A.N.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2023

description: To date studies have not investigated the culture-independent microbiome of bile from dogs, a species where aseptic collection of bile under ultrasound guidance is somewhat routine. Despite frequent collection of bile for culture-based diagnosis of bacterial cholecystitis, it is unknown whether bile from healthy dogs harbors uncultivable bacteria or a core microbiota. The answer to this question is critical to understanding the pathogenesis of biliary infection and as a baseline to exploration of other biliary diseases in dogs where uncultivable bacteria could play a pathogenic role. A pressing example of such a disease would be gallbladder mucocele formation in dogs. This prevalent and deadly condition is characterized by excessive secretion of abnormal mucus by the gallbladder epithelium that can eventually lead to rupture of the gallbladder or obstruction of bile flow. The cause of mucocele formation is unknown as is whether uncultivable, and therefore unrecognized, bacteria play any systematic role in pathogenesis. In this study we applied next-generation 16S rRNA gene sequencing to identify the culture-negative bacterial community of gallbladder bile from healthy dogs and gallbladder mucus from dogs with mucocele formation. Integral to our study was the use of 2 separate DNA isolations on each sample using different extraction methods and sequencing of negative control samples enabling recognition and curation of contaminating sequences. Microbiota findings were validated by simultaneous culture-based identification, cytological examination of bile, and fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) performed on gallbladder mucosa. Using culture-dependent, cytological, FISH, and 16S rRNA sequencing approaches, results of our study do not support existence of a core microbiome in the bile of healthy dogs or gallbladder mucus from dogs with mucocele formation. Our findings further document how contaminating sequences can significantly contribute to the results of sequencing analysis when performed on samples with low bacterial biomass.
Polarization effects in ionic solids and melts
Creators: name: Salanne, Mathieu
name: Madden, Paul A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ionic solids and melts are compounds in which the interactions are dominated by electrostatic effects. However, the polarization of the ions also plays an important role in many respects as has been clarified in recent years thanks to the development of realistic polarizable interaction potentials. After detailing these models, we illustrate the importance of polarization effects on a series of examples concerning the structural properties, such as the stabilization of particular crystal structures or the formation of highly-coordinated multivalent ions in the melts, as well as the dynamic properties such as the diffusion of ionic species. The effects on the structure of molten salts interfaces (with vacuum and electrified metal) is also described. Although most of the results described here concern inorganic compounds (molten fluorides and chlorides, ionic oxides...), the particular case of the room-temperature ionic liquids, a special class of molten salts in which at least one species is organic, will also be briefly discussed to indicate how the ideas gained from the study of "simple" molten salts are being transferred to these more complex systems.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures
Extra-dimensional generalization of minimum-length deformed QM/QFT and some of its phenomenological consequences
Creators: name: Maziashvili, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In contrast to the 3D case, different approaches for deriving the gravitational corrections to the Heisenberg uncertainty relation do not lead to the unique result whereas additional spatial dimensions are present in the theory. We suggest to take logarithmic corrections to the black hole entropy, which has recently been proved both in string theory and loop quantum gravity to persist in presence of additional spatial dimensions, as a point of entry for identifying the modified Heisenberg-Weyl algebra. We then use a particular Hilbert space representation for such a quantum mechanics to construct the correspondingly modified field theory and address some phenomenological issues following from it. Some subtleties arising at the second quantization level are clearly pointed out. Solving the field operator to the first order in deformation parameter and defining the modified wave function for a free particle, we discuss the possible phenomenological implications for the black hole evaporation. Putting aside modifications arising at the second quantization level, we address the corrections to the gravitational potential due to modified propagator (back reaction on gravity) and see that correspondingly modified Schwarzschild-Tangherlini space-time shows up the disappearance of the horizon and vanishing of surface gravity when black hole mass approaches the quantum gravity scale. This result points out to the existence of zero-temperature black hole remnants.
description: 11 pages, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
A qualitative study of behavioral and social drivers of COVID-19 vaccine confidence and uptake among unvaccinated Americans in the US April-May 2021
Creators: name: Wilhelm, E.
name: Kobau, R.
name: Huang, Q.
name: Fisun, H.
name: Brewer, N.T.
name: Abad, N.
name: Baack, B.
name: Bonner, K.E.
name: Lewis, Z.
name: Hendrich, M.A.
name: Johanson, N.
name: Messinger, S.D.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2023

description: Introduction Around one-third of Americans reported they were unwilling to get a COVID-19 vaccine in April 2021. This focus group study aimed to provide insights on the factors contributing to unvaccinated adults’ hesitancy or refusal to get vaccinated with COVID-19 vaccines. Method Ipsos recruited 59 unvaccinated US adults who were vaccine hesitant (i.e., conflicted about or opposed to receiving a COVID-19 vaccination) using the Ipsos KnowledgePanel. Trained facilitators led a total of 10 focus groups via video-conference in March and April 2021. Two coders manually coded the data from each group using a coding frame based on the focus group discussion guide. The coding team collaborated in analyzing the data for key themes. Results Data analysis of transcripts from the focus groups illuminated four main themes associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: lack of trust in experts and institutions; concern about the safety of COVID-19 vaccines; resistance towards prescriptive guidance and restrictions; and, despite personal reluctance or unwillingness to get vaccinated, acceptance of others getting vaccinated. Discussion Vaccine confidence communication strategies should address individual concerns, describe the benefits of COVID-19 vaccination, and highlight evolving science using factural and neutral presentations of information to foster trust.
Short-term improvement of mental health after a COVID-19 vaccination
Creators: name: Sullivan, P.F.
name: Frans, E.M.
name: Nyberg, F.
name: Fang, F.
name: Kähler, A.K.
name: Lovik, A.
name: Valdimarsdóttir, U.A.
name: Chourpiliadis, C.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2023

description: Introduction The role of COVID-19 vaccination on the mental health of the general population remains poorly understood. This study aims to assess the short-term change in depressive and anxiety symptoms in relation to COVID-19 vaccination among Swedish adults. Methods A prospective study of 7,925 individuals recruited from ongoing cohort studies at the Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, or through social media campaigns, with monthly data collections on self-reported depressive and anxiety symptoms from December 2020 to October 2021 and COVID-19 vaccination from July to October 2021. Prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms (defined as a self-reported total score of ≥10 in PHQ-9 and GAD-7, respectively) was calculated one month before, one month after the first dose, and, if applicable, one month after the second dose. For individuals not vaccinated or choosing not to report vaccination status (unvaccinated individuals), we selected three monthly measures of PHQ-9 and GAD-7 with 2-month intervals in-between based on data availability. Results 5,079 (64.1%) individuals received two doses of COVID-19 vaccine, 1,977 (24.9%) received one dose, 305 (3.9%) were not vaccinated, and 564 (7.1%) chose not to report vaccination status. There was a lower prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms among vaccinated, compared to unvaccinated individuals, especially after the second dose. Among individuals receiving two doses of vaccine, the prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms was lower after both first (aRR = 0.82, 95%CI 0.76–0.88 for depression; aRR = 0.81, 95%CI 0.73–0.89 for anxiety) and second (aRR = 0.79, 95%CI 0.73–0.85 for depression; aRR = 0.73, 95%CI 0.66–0.81 for anxiety) dose, compared to before vaccination. Similar results were observed among individuals receiving only one dose (aRR = 0.76, 95%CI 0.68–0.84 for depression; aRR = 0.82, 95%CI 0.72–0.94 for anxiety), comparing after first dose to before vaccination. Conclusions We observed a short-term improvement in depressive and anxiety symptoms among adults receiving COVID-19 vaccines in the current pandemic. Our findings provide new evidence to support outreach campaigns targeting hesitant groups.
Additional file 1: of Early increase of CSF sTREM2 in Alzheimer’s disease is associated with tau related-neurodegeneration but not with amyloid-β pathology
Creators: name: Suárez-Calvet, Marc
name: Morenas-Rodríguez, Estrella
name: Kleinberger, Gernot
name: Schlepckow, Kai
name: Caballero, Miguel Araque
name: Franzmeier, Nicolai
name: Capell, Anja
name: Fellerer, Katrin
name: Nuscher, Brigitte
name: Eren, Erden
name: Levin, Johannes
name: Yuetiva Deming
name: Piccio, Laura
name: Karch, Celeste
name: Cruchaga, Carlos
name: Shaw, Leslie
name: Trojanowski, John
name: Weiner, Michael
name: Ewers, Michael
name: Haass, Christian
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Plant Biology

description: CSF sTREM2 measurement. Figure S1. Effects of rare TREM2 variants on antibody affinities. Figure S2. CSF sTREM2 in the A/T and in the A/N classifications. Table S1. Demographic and clinical characteristics of the entire sample. Table S2. Associations of CSF sTREM2 with AD CSF core biomarkers including the biomarkers outliers. Table S3. Associations of CSF sTREM2 with AD CSF core biomarkers including subjects carrying a TREM2 rare variant. (DOCX 1992 kb)
Additional file 7 of Adult sex change leads to extensive forebrain reorganization in clownfish
Creators: name: Parker, Coltan G.
name: Gruenhagen, George W.
name: Hegarty, Brianna E.
name: Histed, Abigail R.
name: Streelman, Jeffrey T.
name: Rhodes, Justin S.
name: Johnson, Zachary V.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 7
Community engagement and clinical trial diversity: Navigating barriers and co-designing solutions—A report from the “Health Equity through Diversity” seminar series
Creators: name: Soliman, A.
name: Gray, D.M.
name: Brewer, L.C.
name: Wilson, G.
name: Gregory, J.
name: Joseph, J.J.
name: Nolan, T.S.
name: Williams, E.
name: Williams, A.
name: Reopell, L.
name: Nawaz, S.
name: Baez, J.
name: Zappe, L.
name: McKoy, A.
name: Metlock, F.
name: Bryant, A.L.
name: Jones, C.
name: Grever, J.
name: Walker, D.M.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2023

description: Introduction In recent years, there has been increasing awareness of the lack of diversity among clinical trial participants. Equitable representation is key when testing novel therapeutic and non-therapeutic interventions to ensure safety and efficacy across populations. Unfortunately, in the United States (US), racial and ethnic minority populations continue to be underrepresented in clinical trials compared to their White counterparts. Methods Two webinars in a four-part series, titled “Health Equity through Diversity,” were held to discuss solutions for advancing health equity through diversifying clinical trials and addressing medical mistrust in communities. Each webinar was 1.5 hours long, beginning with panelist discussions followed by breakout rooms where moderators led discussions related to health equity and scribes recorded each room’s conversations. The diverse groups of panelists included community members, civic representatives, clinician-scientists, and biopharmaceutical representatives. Scribe notes from discussions were collected and thematically analyzed to uncover the central themes.
Collective dark states controlled transmission in plasmonic slot waveguide with a stub coupled to a cavity dimer
Creators: name: Liu, Zhenzhen
name: Xiao, Jun-Jun
name: Zhang, Qiang
name: Zhang, Xiaoming
name: Tao, Keyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report collective dark states controlled transmission in metal-dielectric-metal waveguides with a stub coupled to two twin cavities, namely, plasmonic waveguide-stub-dimer systems. In absence of one individual cavity in the dimer, plasmon induced transparency (PIT) is possible when the cavity and the stub have the same resonance frequency. However, it is shown that the hybridized modes in the dimer collectively generate two dark states which make the stub-dimer "invisible" to the straight waveguide, splitting the original PIT peak into two in the transmission spectrum. Simultaneously, the original PIT peak becomes a dip due to dark state interaction, yielding anti-PIT-like modulation of the transmission. With full-wave electromagnetic simulation, we demonstrate that this transition is controlled by the dimer-stub separation and the dimer-stub relative position. All results are analytically described by the temporal coupled mode theory. Our results may be useful in designing densely integrated optical circuits, and in optical sensing and switching applications.
Additional file 8 of Adult sex change leads to extensive forebrain reorganization in clownfish
Creators: name: Parker, Coltan G.
name: Gruenhagen, George W.
name: Hegarty, Brianna E.
name: Histed, Abigail R.
name: Streelman, Jeffrey T.
name: Rhodes, Justin S.
name: Johnson, Zachary V.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 8
Cell-specific imputation of drug connectivity mapping with incomplete data
Creators: name: Newman, R.
name: Kofman, L.
name: Sapashnik, D.
name: Qu, F.
name: Pietras, C.M.
name: Devkota, K.
name: Slonim, D.K.
name: Zhou, D.
name: Fried, I.
name: Boudreau, S.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2023

description: Drug repositioning allows expedited discovery of new applications for existing compounds, but re-screening vast compound libraries is often prohibitively expensive. “Connectivity mapping” is a process that links drugs to diseases by identifying compounds whose impact on expression in a collection of cells reverses the disease’s impact on expression in disease-relevant tissues. The LINCS project has expanded the universe of compounds and cells for which data are available, but even with this effort, many clinically useful combinations are missing. To evaluate the possibility of repurposing drugs despite missing data, we compared collaborative filtering using either neighborhood-based or SVD imputation methods to two naive approaches via cross-validation. Methods were evaluated for their ability to predict drug connectivity despite missing data. Predictions improved when cell type was taken into account. Neighborhood collaborative filtering was the most successful method, with the best improvements in non-immortalized primary cells. We also explored which classes of compounds are most and least reliant on cell type for accurate imputation. We conclude that even for cells in which drug responses have not been fully characterized, it is possible to identify unassayed drugs that reverse in those cells the expression signatures observed in disease.
Strain-induced conduction gap in vertical devices made of twisted graphene layers
Creators: name: Nguyen, Viet Hung
name: Nguyen, Huy-Viet
name: Martin, Jerome Saint
name: Dollfus, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effects of uniaxial strain on the transport properties of vertical devices made of two twisted graphene layers, which partially overlap each other. We find that because of the different orientations of the two graphene lattices, their Dirac points can be displaced and separated in the $k-$space by the effects of strain. Hence, a finite conduction gap as large as a few hundred meV can be obtained in the device with a small strain of only a few percent. The dependence of this conduction gap on the strain strength, strain direction, transport direction and twist angle are clarified and presented. On this basis, the strong modulation of conductance and significant improvement of Seebeck coefficient are shown. The suggested devices therefore may be very promising for improving applications of graphene, e.g., as transistors or strain and thermal sensors.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, submitted
Prediction of venous thromboembolism incidence in the general adult population using two published genetic risk scores
Creators: name: Hong, C.-P.
name: Pankratz, N.
name: Cushman, M.
name: Rosamond, W.D.
name: Lane, J.A.
name: Folsom, A.R.
name: Tang, W.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2023

description: Introduction Most strategies for prevention of venous thromboembolism focus on preventing recurrent events. Yet, primary prevention might be possible through approaches targeting the whole population or high-risk patients. To inform possible prevention strategies, population-based information on the ability of genetic risk scores to identify risk of incident venous thromboembolism is needed. Materials and methods We used proportional hazards regression to relate two published genetic risk scores (273-variants versus 5-variants) with venous thromboembolism incidence in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (ARIC) cohort (n = 11,292), aged 45–64 at baseline, drawn from 4 US communities. Results Over a median of 28 years, ARIC identified 788 incident venous thromboembolism events. Incidence rates rose more than two-fold across quartiles of the 273-variant genetic risk score: 1.7, 2.7, 3.4 and 4.0 per 1,000 person-years. For White participants, age, sex, and ancestry-adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) across quartiles were strong [1 (reference), 1.30 (0.99,1.70), 1.85 (1.43,2.40), and 2.58 (2.04,3.28)] but weaker for Black participants [1, 1.05 (0.63,1.75), 1.37 (0.84,2.22), and 1.32 (0.80,2.20)]. The 5-variant genetic risk score showed a less steep gradient, with hazard ratios in Whites of 1, 1.17 (0.89,1.54), 1.48 (1.14,1.92), and 2.18 (1.71,2.79). Models including the 273-variant genetic risk score plus lifestyle and clinical factors had a c-statistic of 0.67. Conclusions In the general population, middle-aged adults in the highest quartile of either genetic risk score studied have approximately two-fold higher risk of an incident venous thromboembolism compared with the lowest quartile. The genetic risk scores show a weaker association with venous thromboembolism for Black people.
Multiple Trajectories of Body Mass Index and Waist Circumference and Their Associations with Hypertension and Blood Pressure in Chinese Adults from 1991 to 2018: A Prospective Study
Creators: name: Li, L.
name: Zhang, J.
name: Wang, Q.
name: Ouyang, Y.
name: Zhang, B.
name: Su, C.
name: Du, S.
name: Zhang, X.
name: Song, X.
name: Du, W.
name: Wang, H.
name: Jia, X.
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2023

description: Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) have been suggested to be involved in the etiology of hypertension. The present study aimed to determine multiple trajectories of BMI and WC, then examined their associations with the risks of hypertension and high blood pressure in Chinese adults. The study used China Health and Nutrition Survey data from 1991 to 2018. The sample included 9651 adults aged 18 years or older. We used group-based multi-trajectory modeling to identify trajectories. We estimated the relationships between the trajectories and the risks of hypertension with a Cox proportional hazards regression model and the trajectories’ relationships with blood pressure levels with a generalized linear model. We identified four trajectories for each gender: low stable BMI, low increasing WC (group 1); medium increasing BMI, medium increasing WC (group 2); increasing BMI to overweight, increasing WC to central obesity (group 3), increasing BMI to obesity, increasing central obesity WC (group 4). Group 1 was the reference group. Among males in groups 2, 3, and 4, the adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of hypertension were 1.30 (1.15–1.48), 1.86 (1.58–2.18), and 2.60 (2.02–3.34), respectively. The systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of males in group 4 increased by 11.90 mm of mercury (mmHg) and 7.75 mmHg, respectively. Among females in groups 2, 3, and 4, the HR and 95% CI of hypertension were 1.35 (1.18–1.54), 1.92 (1.62–2.26), and 2.37 (1.85–3.03), respectively. The SBP and DBP of females in group 4 increased by 8.84 mmHg and 5.79 mmHg, respectively. These data indicated that increases in BMI and WC were associated with unfavorable hypertension risks. Attention to both BMI and WC trajectories has the potential to prevent hypertension.
Microbial interactions in marine water amended by eroded benthic biofilm: A case study from an intertidal mudflat
Creators: name: Montanié, Hélène
name: Ory, Pascaline
name: Orvain, Francis
name: Delmas, Daniel
name: Dupuy, Christine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In shallow macrotidal ecosystems with large intertidal mudflats, the sediment-water coupling plays a crucial role in structuring the pelagic microbial food web functioning, since inorganic and organic matter and microbial components (viruses and microbes) of the microphytobenthic biofilm can be suspended toward the water column. Two experimental bioassays were conducted in March and July 2008 to investigate the importance of biofilm input for the pelagic Microbial and Viral Loops. Pelagic inocula (<0.6$μ$ and <10$μ$ filtrates) were diluted either with \textless{}30kDa-ultrafiltered seawater or with this ultrafiltrate enriched with the respective size-fractionated benthic biofilm or with \textless{}30kDa-benthic compounds (BC). The kinetics of heterotrophic nanoflagellates (HNF), bacteria and viruses were assessed together with bacterial and viral genomic fingerprints, bacterial enzymatic activities and viral life strategies. The experimental design allowed us to evaluate the effect of BC modulated by those of benthic size-fractionated microorganisms (virus+bacteria, +HNF). BC presented (1) in March, a positive effect on viruses and bacteria weakened by pelagic HNF. Benthic microorganisms consolidated this negative effect and sustained the viral production together with a relatively diverse and uneven bacterial assemblage structure; (2) in July, no direct impact on viruses but a positive effect on bacteria modulated by HNF, which indirectly enhanced viral multiplication. Both effects were intensified by benthic microorganisms and bacterial assemblage structure became more even. HNF indirectly profited from BC more in March than in July. The Microbial Loop would be stimulated by biofilm during periods of high resources (March) and the Viral Loop during periods of depleted resources (July).
Effect of Turning Frequency on the Survival of Fecal Indicator Microorganisms during Aerobic Composting of Fecal Sludge with Sawdust
Creators: name: Camargo-Valero, M.A.
name: Muoghalu, C.
name: Manga, M.
name: Evans, B.E.
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2023

description: The study investigated the effect of turning frequency on survival of fecal indicator pathogens (E. coli, Enterococcus spp., Salmonella spp. and helminth eggs) during fecal sludge (FS) co-composting with sawdust. Dewatered FS was mixed with sawdust and composted on a pilot scale using different turning frequencies—i.e., 3 days (3TF), 7 days (7TF), and 14 days (14TF). Composting piles were monitored weekly for survival of fecal indicator microorganisms and evolution of selected physical and chemical characteristics for 14 weeks. Our results show that turning frequency has a statistically significant (p < 0.05) effect on pathogen inactivation in FS compost. The 3TF piles exhibited shorter pathogen inactivation periods (8 weeks) than 7TF and 14TF piles (10 weeks). Temperature-time was found to be the major factor responsible for the survival of pathogens in FS composting piles, followed by indigenous microbial activities and toxic by-products (monitored as NH4+-N). Our study findings suggest that even at low composting temperatures, the high turning frequency can enhance pathogen inactivation. This is a significant finding for composting activities in some rural areas where suitable organic solid waste for co-composting with FS to attain the recommended high thermophilic conditions could be greatly lacking.
Additional file 9 of Adult sex change leads to extensive forebrain reorganization in clownfish
Creators: name: Parker, Coltan G.
name: Gruenhagen, George W.
name: Hegarty, Brianna E.
name: Histed, Abigail R.
name: Streelman, Jeffrey T.
name: Rhodes, Justin S.
name: Johnson, Zachary V.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 9
The roles of quantum correlations in quantum cloning
Creators: name: Zhang, Jun
name: Wu, Shao-xiong
name: Yu, Chang-shui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the entanglement and quantum discord of the output modes in the unified $1\rightarrow 2$ state-dependent cloning and probabilistic quantum cloning. The tripartite entanglement among the output modes and the quantum cloning machine is also considered. We find that the roles of the quantum correlations including the bipartite and tripartite entanglement and quantum discord strongly depend on the quantum cloning machines as well as the cloned state. In particular, it is found that this quantum cloning scheme can be realizable even without any quantum correlation.
description: Accepted by Eur. Phys. J. D
Higher Spin Entanglement and W_N Conformal Blocks
Creators: name: de Boer, Jan
name: Castro, Alejandra
name: Hijano, Eliot
name: Jottar, Juan I.
name: Kraus, Per
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional conformal field theories with extended $\cal{W}$-symmetry algebras have dual descriptions in terms of weakly coupled higher spin gravity in AdS$_3\,$ at large central charge. Observables that can be computed and compared in the two descriptions include Rényi and entanglement entropies, and correlation functions of local operators. We develop techniques for computing these, in a manner that sheds light on when and why one can expect agreement between such quantities on each side of the duality. We set up the computation of excited state Rényi entropies in the bulk in terms of Chern-Simons connections, and show how this directly parallels the CFT computation of correlation functions. More generally, we consider the vacuum conformal block for general operators with $Δ\sim c\,$. When two of the operators obey ${Δ\over c} \ll 1\,$, we show by explicit computation that the vacuum conformal block is computed by a bulk Wilson line probing an asymptotically AdS$_3$ background with higher spin fields excited, the latter emerging as the effective bulk description of the excited state produced by the heavy operators. Among other things, this puts a previous proposal for computing higher spin entanglement entropy via Wilson lines on firmer footing, and clarifies its relation to CFT. We also study the corresponding computation in Toda theory and find that this provides yet another independent way to arrive at the same result.
description: 56 pages
Corporate governance and capital structure: Evidence from Nigeria listed financial services firms
Creators: name: Yahaya, Onipe Adabenege
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 150199 Accounting, Auditing and Accountability not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Purpose – This study examines the link between corporate governance using board size, outside directors, ownership concentration, managerial ownership, director remuneration, and CEO duality, and capital structure based on total debt ratio and the long-term debt ratio of Nigeria listed non-financial services firms. Design/methodology/approach – A multiple regression analysis was used to estimate the relationship between corporate governance and capital structure during 2012-2021. Findings – The results suggest that board size, non-executive directors, and ownership concentration are positively related to total debt ratio and long-term debt ratio, whereas director remuneration is negatively related. Managerial ownership is negatively related to long-term debt ratio. CEO duality is found to be insignificant. Control variables such as profitability and liquidity are negatively related to total debt ratio and long-term debt ratio, whereas firm size is positively related. Asset tangibility is positively related to long-term debt ratio and negatively related to total debt ratio. Practical implications – The results provide support to corporate managers in establishing an optimal capital structure, and to regulators for enacting laws and developing institutional support to make corporate governance mechanisms work more effectively in Nigeria. Originality/value – The results contribute to the literature by illuminating the significant links between corporate governance and capital structure of listed non-financial services firms in Nigeria. Note, however, the results are useful to listed non-financial services companies in Nigeria.
Additional file 10 of Adult sex change leads to extensive forebrain reorganization in clownfish
Creators: name: Parker, Coltan G.
name: Gruenhagen, George W.
name: Hegarty, Brianna E.
name: Histed, Abigail R.
name: Streelman, Jeffrey T.
name: Rhodes, Justin S.
name: Johnson, Zachary V.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 10
Infinite first order differential systems with nonlocal initial conditions
Creators: name: Infante, Gennaro
name: Jebelean, Petru
name: Madjidi, Fadila
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 34A12, secondary 34A34, 47H30

description: We discuss the solvability of an infinite system of first order ordinary differential equations on the half line, subject to nonlocal initial conditions. The main result states that if the nonlinearities possess a suitable "sub-linear" growth then the system has at least one solution. The approach relies on the application, in a suitable Fréchet space, of the classical Schauder-Tychonoff fixed point theorem. We show that, as a special case, our approach covers the case of a system of a finite number of differential equations. An illustrative example of application is also provided.
description: 12 pages