cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Diffuse radio emission in MACS J0025.4$-$1222: the effect of a major merger on bulk separation of ICM components
Creators: name: Riseley, C. J.
name: Scaife, A. M. M.
name: Wise, M. W.
name: Clarke, A. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mergers of galaxy clusters are among the most energetic events in the Universe. These events have significant impact on the intra-cluster medium, depositing vast amounts of energy - often in the form of shocks - as well as heavily influencing the properties of the constituent galaxy population. Many clusters have been shown to host large-scale diffuse radio emission, known variously as radio haloes and relics. These sources arise as a result of electron (re-)acceleration in cluster-scale magnetic fields, although the processes by which this occurs are still poorly understood. We present new, deep radio observations of the high-redshift galaxy cluster MACS J0025.4$-$1222, taken with the GMRT at 325 MHz, as well as new analysis of all archival $Chandra$ X-ray observations. We aim to investigate the potential of diffuse radio emission and categorise the radio population of this cluster, which has only been covered previously by shallow radio surveys. We produce low-resolution maps of MACS J0025.4$-$1222 through a combination of uv-tapering and subtracting the compact source population. Radial surface brightness and mass profiles are derived from the $Chandra$ data. We also derive a 2D map of the ICM temperature. For the first time, two sources of diffuse radio emission are detected in MACS J0025.4$-$1222, on linear scales of several hundred kpc. Given the redshift of the cluster and the assumed cosmology, these sources appear to be consistent with established trends in power scaling relations for radio relics. The X-ray temperature map presents evidence of an asymmetric temperature profile and tentative identification of a temperature jump associated with one relic. We classify the pair of diffuse radio sources in this cluster as a pair of radio relics, given their consistency with scaling relations, location toward the cluster outskirts, and the available X-ray data.
description: 20 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
CePdAl - a Kondo lattice with partial frustration
Creators: name: Fritsch, Veronika
name: Lucas, Stefan
name: Huesges, Zita
name: Sakai, Akito
name: Kittler, Wolfram
name: Taubenheim, Christian
name: Woitschach, Sarah
name: Pedersen, Bjørn
name: Grube, Kai
name: Schmidt, Burkhard
name: Gegenwart, Philipp
name: Stockert, Oliver
name: Löhneysen, Hilbert v.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic frustration, which is well-defined in insulating systems with localized magnetic moments, yields exotic ground states like spin ices, spin glasses, or spin liquids. In metals magnetic frustration is less well defined because of the incipient delocalization of magnetic moments by the interaction with conduction electrons, viz., the Kondo effect. Hence, the Kondo effect and magnetic frustration are antithetic phenomena. Here we present experimental data of electrical resistivity, magnetization, specific heat and neutron diffraction on CePdAl, which is one of the rare examples of a geometrically frustrated Kondo lattice, demonstrating that the combination of Kondo effect and magnetic frustration leads to an unusual ground state.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Revealing the multi-bonding state between hydrogen and graphene-supported Ti clusters
Creators: name: Takahashi, Keisuke
name: Isobe, Shigehito
name: Omori, Kengo
name: Mashoff, Torge
name: Convertino, Domenica
name: Miseikis, Vaidotas
name: Coletti, Camilla
name: Tozzini, Valentina
name: Heun, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hydrogen adsorption on graphene-supported metal clusters has brought much controversy due to the complex nature of the bonding between hydrogen and metal clusters. The bond types of hydrogen and graphene-supported Ti clusters are experimentally and theoretically investigated. Transmission electron microscopy shows that Ti clusters of nanometer-size are formed on graphene. Thermal desorption spectroscopy captures three hydrogen desorption peaks from hydrogenated graphene-supported Ti clusters. First principle calculations also found three types of interaction: Two types of bonds with different partial ionic character and physisorption. The physical origin for this rests on the charge state of the Ti clusters: when Ti clusters are neutral, H2 is dissociated, and H forms bonds with the Ti cluster. On the other hand, H2 is adsorbed in molecular form on positively charged Ti clusters, resulting in physisorption. Thus, this work clarifies the bonding mechanisms of hydrogen on graphene-supported Ti clusters.
Phase-space views into dye-microcavity thermalised and condensed photons
Creators: name: Marelic, Jakov
name: Walker, Benjamin T.
name: Nyman, Robert A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have observed momentum- and position-resolved spectra and images of the photoluminescence from thermalised and condensed dye-microcavity photons. The spectra yield the dispersion relation and the potential energy landscape for the photons. From this dispersion relation, we find that the effective mass is that of a free photon not a polariton. We place an upper bound on the dimensionless two-dimensional interaction strength of $\tilde{g}\lesssim 10^{-3}$, which is compatible with existing estimates. Both photon-photon and photon-molecule interactions are weak. The temperature is found to be independent of momentum, but dependent on pump spot size, indicating that the system is ergodic but not perfectly at thermal equilibrium. Condensation always happens first in the mode with lowest potential and lowest kinetic energy, although at very high pump powers multimode condensation occurs into other modes.
A new algorithm for identity verification based on the analysis of a handwritten dynamic signature
Creators: name: Cpalka, Krzysztof
name: Zalasinski, Marcin
name: Rutkowski, Leszek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Identity verification based on authenticity assessment of a handwritten signature is an important issue in biometrics. There are many effective methods for signature verification taking into account dynamics of a signing process. Methods based on partitioning take a very important place among them. In this paper we propose a new approach to signature partitioning. Its most important feature is the possibility of selecting and processing of hybrid partitions in order to increase a precision of the test signature analysis. Partitions are formed by a combination of vertical and horizontal sections of the signature. Vertical sections correspond to the initial, middle, and final time moments of the signing process. In turn, horizontal sections correspond to the signature areas associated with high and low pen velocity and high and low pen pressure on the surface of a graphics tablet. Our previous research on vertical and horizontal sections of the dynamic signature (created independently) led us to develop the algorithm presented in this paper. Selection of sections, among others, allows us to define the stability of the signing process in the partitions, promoting signature areas of greater stability (and vice versa). In the test of the proposed method two databases were used: public MCYT-100 and paid BioSecure.
description: 34 pages, 7 figures
Action-angle variables for geodesic motions in Sasaki-Einstein spaces $Y^{p,q}$
Creators: name: Visinescu, Mihai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the action-angle variables to describe the geodesic motions in the $5$-dimensional Sasaki-Einstein spaces $Y^{p,q}$. This formulation allows us to study thoroughly the complete integrability of the system. We find that the Hamiltonian involves a reduced number of action variables. Therefore one of the fundamental frequency is zero indicating a chaotic behavior when the system is perturbed.
description: 12 pages, to appear in Prog. Theor. Exp. Phys
The chord index, its definitions, applications and generalizations
Creators: name: Cheng, Zhiyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M25, 57M27

description: In this paper we study the chord index of virtual knots, which can be thought of as an extension of the chord parity. We show how to use the chord index to define finite type invariants of virtual knots. The notions of indexed Jones polynomial and indexed quandle are introduced, which generalize the classical Jones polynomial and knot quandle respectively. Some applications of these new invariants are discussed. We also study how to define a generalized chord index via a fixed finite biquandle. Finally the chord index and its applications in twisted knot theory are discussed.
description: 27 pages, 20 figures
High-frequency thermal processes in harmonic crystals
Creators: name: Kuzkin, Vitaly A.
name: Krivtsov, Anton M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider two high-frequency thermal processes in uniformly heated harmonic crystals relaxing towards equilibrium: (i) equilibration of kinetic and potential energies and (ii) redistribution of energy among spatial directions. Equation describing these processes with deterministic initial conditions is derived. Solution of the equation shows that characteristic time of these processes is of the order of ten periods of atomic vibrations. After that time the system practically reaches the stationary state. It is shown analytically that in harmonic crystals temperature tensor is not isotropic even in the stationary state. As an example, harmonic triangular lattice is considered. Simple formula relating the stationary value of the temperature tensor and initial conditions is derived. The function describing equilibration of kinetic and potential energies is obtained. It is shown that the difference between the energies (Lagrangian) oscillates around zero. Amplitude of these oscillations decays inversely proportional to time. Analytical results are in a good agreement with numerical simulations. Keywords: tensor temperature; nonequilibrium processes; transition to equilibrium; harmonic crystals; triangular lattice.
description: submitted to Doklady Physics (7 pages, 2 figures)
Inverse moment problem for non-Abelian Coxeter double Bruhat cells
Creators: name: Gekhtman, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We solve the inverse problem for non-Abelian Coxeter double Bruhat cells in terms of the matrix Weyl functions. This result can be used to establish complete integrability of the non-Abelian version of nonlinear Coxeter-Toda lattices in $GL_n$.
description: Published in Methods of Functional Analysis and Topology (MFAT), available at http://mfat.imath.kiev.ua/article/?id=846
Attosecond physics at the nanoscale
Creators: name: Ciappina, M. F.
name: Pérez-Hernández, J. A.
name: Landsman, A. S.
name: Okell, W.
name: Zherebtsov, S.
name: Förg, B.
name: Schötz, J.
name: Seiffert, J. L.
name: Fennel, T.
name: Shaaran, T.
name: Zimmermann, T.
name: Chacón, A.
name: Guichard, R.
name: Zaïr, A.
name: Tisch, J. W. G.
name: Marangos, J. P.
name: Witting, T.
name: Braun, A.
name: Maier, S. A.
name: Roso, L.
name: Krüger, M.
name: Hommelhoff, P.
name: Kling, M. F.
name: Krausz, F.
name: Lewenstein, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently two emerging areas of research, attosecond and nanoscale physics, have started to come together. Attosecond physics deals with phenomena occurring when ultrashort laser pulses, with duration on the femto- and sub-femtosecond time scales, interact with atoms, molecules or solids. The laser-induced electron dynamics occurs natively on a timescale down to a few hundred or even tens of attoseconds, which is comparable with the optical field. On the other hand, the second branch involves the manipulation and engineering of mesoscopic systems, such as solids, metals and dielectrics, with nanometric precision. Although nano-engineering is a vast and well-established research field on its own, the merger with intense laser physics is relatively recent. In this article we present a comprehensive experimental and theoretical overview of physics that takes place when short and intense laser pulses interact with nanosystems, such as metallic and dielectric nanostructures. In particular we elucidate how the spatially inhomogeneous laser induced fields at a nanometer scale modify the laser-driven electron dynamics. Consequently, this has important impact on pivotal processes such as ATI and HHG. The deep understanding of the coupled dynamics between these spatially inhomogeneous fields and matter configures a promising way to new avenues of research and applications. Thanks to the maturity that attosecond physics has reached, together with the tremendous advance in material engineering and manipulation techniques, the age of atto-nano physics has begun, but it is in the initial stage. We present thus some of the open questions, challenges and prospects for experimental confirmation of theoretical predictions, as well as experiments aimed at characterizing the induced fields and the unique electron dynamics initiated by them with high temporal and spatial resolution.
description: Invited Review ROPP, 50 pages, 38 figures
A result related to the Sendov conjecture
Creators: name: Dalmasso, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Sendov conjecture asserts that if $p(z) = \prod_{j=1}^{N}(z-z_j)$ is a polynomial with zeros $|z_j| \leq 1$, then each disk $|z-z_j| \leq 1$ contains a zero of $p'$. Our purpose is the following: Given a zero $z_j$ of order $n \geq 2$, determine whether there exists $ζ\not= z_j$ such that $p'(ζ) = 0$ and $|z_j - ζ| \leq 1$. In this paper we present some partial results on the problem.
description: Annales Polonici Mathematici, 2023
Multiquark Hadrons
Creators: name: Olsen, Stephen Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A number of candidate multiquark hadrons, i.e., particle resonances with substructures that are more complex than the quark-antiquark mesons and three-quark baryons that are prescribed in the textbooks, have recently been observed. In this talk I present: some recent preliminary BESIII results on the near-threshold behavior of sigma(e+e- --> Lambda Lambda-bar) that may or may not be related to multiquark mesons in the light- and strange-quark sectors; results from Belle and LHCb on the electrically charged, charmoniumlike Z(4430)^+ --> pi^+ psi ' resonance that necessarily has a four-quark substructure; and the recent LHCb discovery of the P_c(4380) and P_c(4450) hidden-charm resonances seen as a complex structure in the J/psi p invariant mass distribution for Lambda_b --> K^-J/psi p decays and necessarily have a five-quark substructure and are, therefore, prominent candidates for pentaquark baryons.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, summary of a talk presented at the 12th Conference on Hypernuclear and Strange Particle Physics (HYP2015), September 7-12, 2015 Sendai, JAPAN. To appear in the JPS Conference proceedings
NewsDialogues: Towards Proactive News Grounded Conversation
Creators: name: Li, Siheng
name: Yin, Yichun
name: Yang, Cheng
name: Jiang, Wangjie
name: Li, Yiwei
name: Cheng, Zesen
name: Shang, Lifeng
name: Jiang, Xin
name: Liu, Qun
name: Yang, Yujiu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Hot news is one of the most popular topics in daily conversations. However, news grounded conversation has long been stymied by the lack of well-designed task definition and scarce data. In this paper, we propose a novel task, Proactive News Grounded Conversation, in which a dialogue system can proactively lead the conversation based on some key topics of the news. In addition, both information-seeking and chit-chat scenarios are included realistically, where the user may ask a series of questions about the news details or express their opinions and be eager to chat. To further develop this novel task, we collect a human-to-human Chinese dialogue dataset \ts{NewsDialogues}, which includes 1K conversations with a total of 14.6K utterances and detailed annotations for target topics and knowledge spans. Furthermore, we propose a method named Predict-Generate-Rank, consisting of a generator for grounded knowledge prediction and response generation, and a ranker for the ranking of multiple responses to alleviate the exposure bias. We conduct comprehensive experiments to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method and further present several key findings and challenges to prompt future research.
description: Accepted to ACL 2023 Conference (Long Paper; Findings)
3.5-Year Monitoring of 225 GHz Opacity at the Summit of Greenland
Creators: name: Matsushita, Satoki
name: Asada, Keiichi
name: Martin-Cocher, Pierre L.
name: Chen, Ming-Tang
name: Ho, Paul T. P.
name: Inoue, Makoto
name: Koch, Patrick M.
name: Paine, Scott N.
name: Turner, David D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the 3.5-yr monitoring results of 225 GHz opacity at the summit of the Greenland ice sheet (Greenland Summit Camp) at an altitude of 3200 m using a tipping radiometer. We chose this site as our submillimeter telescope (Greenland Telescope; GLT) site, because its location offers favorable baselines to existing submillimeter telescopes for global-scale VLBI. The site shows a clear seasonal variation with the average opacity lower by a factor of two during winter. For the winter quartiles of 25% and 50%, the Greenland site is about 10%-30% worse than the ALMA or the South Pole sites. Estimated atmospheric transmission spectra in winter season are similar to the ALMA site at lower frequencies (<450 GHz), which are transparent enough to perform astronomical observations almost all of the winter time with opacities <0.5, but 10%-25% higher opacities at higher frequencies (>450 GHz) than those at the ALMA site. This is due to the lower altitude of the Greenland site. Nevertheless, half of the winter time at the Greenland site can be used for astronomical observations at frequencies between 450 GHz and 1000 GHz with opacities <1.2, and 10% of the time show >10% transmittance in the THz (1035 GHz, 1350 GHz, and 1500 GHz) windows. One major advantage of the Greenland site in winter is that there is no diurnal variation due to the polar night condition, and therefore the durations of low-opacity conditions are significantly longer than at the ALMA site. Opacities lower than 0.05 or 0.04 can continue for more than 100 hours. Such long stable opacity conditions do not occur as often even at the South Pole; it happens only for the opacity lower than 0.05. Since the opacity variation is directly related to the sky temperature (background) variation, the Greenland site is suitable for astronomical observations that need unusually stable sky background.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures. Accepted in PASP
Galaxy growth from redshift 5 to 0 at fixed comoving number density
Creators: name: van de Voort, Freeke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studying the average properties of galaxies at a fixed comoving number density over a wide redshift range has become a popular observational method, because it may trace the evolution of galaxies statistically. We test this method by comparing the evolution of galaxies at fixed number density and by following individual galaxies through cosmic time (z=0-5) in cosmological, hydrodynamical simulations from OWLS. Comparing progenitors, descendants, and galaxies selected at fixed number density at each redshift, we find differences of up to a factor of three for galaxy and interstellar medium (ISM) masses. The difference is somewhat larger for black hole masses. The scatter in ISM mass increases significantly towards low redshift with all selection techniques. We use the fixed number density technique to study the assembly of dark matter, gas, stars, and black holes and the evolution in accretion and star formation rates. We find three different regimes for massive galaxies, consistent with observations: at high redshift the gas accretion rate dominates, at intermediate redshifts the star formation rate is the highest, and at low redshift galaxies grow mostly through mergers. Quiescent galaxies have much lower ISM masses (by definition) and much higher black hole masses, but the stellar and halo masses are fairly similar. Without active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback, massive galaxies are dominated by star formation down to z=0 and most of their stellar mass growth occurs in the centre. With AGN feedback, stellar mass is only added to the outskirts of galaxies by mergers and they grow inside-out.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. First submitted on June 19, 2015
Level set formulation of two-dimensional Lagrangian vortex detection methods
Creators: name: Hadjighasem, Alireza
name: Haller, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose here the use of the variational level set methodology to capture Lagrangian vortex boundaries in 2D unsteady velocity fields. This method reformulates earlier approaches that seek material vortex boundaries as extremum solutions of variational problems. We demonstrate the performance of this technique for two different variational formulations built upon different notions of coherence. The first formulation uses an energy functional that penalizes the deviation of a closed material line from piecewise uniform stretching [Haller and Beron-Vera, J. Fluid Mech. 731, R4 (2013)]. The second energy function is derived for a graph-based approach to vortex boundary detection [Hadjighasem et al., Phys. Rev. E 93, 063107 (2016)]. Our level-set formulation captures an a priori unknown number of vortices simultaneously at relatively low computational cost. We illustrate the approach by identifying vortices from different coherence principles in several examples.
Operator ultra-amenability
Creators: name: Forrest, Brian E.
name: Runde, Volker
name: Schlitt, Kyle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46M07, 46H20 (primary), 46J99, 47L05

description: Extending M.\ Daws' definition of ultra-amenable Banach algebras, we introduce the notion of operator ultra-amenability for completely contractive Banach algebras. For a locally compact group $G$, we show that the operator ultra-amenability of $A(G)$ imposes severe restrictions on $G$. In particular, it forces $G$ to be a discrete, amenable group with no infinite abelian subgroups. For various classes of such groups, this means that $G$ is finite.
description: 7 pages
Pythagorean means and Carnot machines: When music meets heat
Creators: name: Johal, Ramandeep S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some interesting relations between Pythagorean means (arithmetic, geometric and harmonic means) and the coefficients of performance of reversible Carnot machines (heat engine, refrigerator and heat pump) are discussed.
description: Pedagogic article. latex, 12 pages, 1 figure, 2 tables, 2 boxes
Empirical study of the role of the topology in spreading on communication networks
Creators: name: Medvedev, Alexey N.
name: Kertesz, Janos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 90B18, 60K35, 82C99

description: Topological aspects, like community structure, and temporal activity patterns, like burstiness, have been shown to severly influence the speed of spreading in temporal networks. We study the influence of the topology on the susceptible-infected (SI) spreading on time stamped communication networks, as obtained from a dataset of mobile phone records. We consider city level networks with intra- and inter-city connections. The networks using only intra-city links are usually sparse, where the spreading depends mainly on the average degree. The inter-city links serve as bridges in spreading, speeding up considerably the process. We demonstrate the effect also on model simulations.
description: Keywords: complex networks; temporal networks; spreading phenomena; SI model; bursty time series; non-Markovian processes; mobile phone data
The Impact of Particle Production on Gravitational Baryogenesis
Creators: name: Lima, J. A. S.
name: Singleton, Douglas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Baryogenesis driven by curvature effects is investigated by taking into account gravitationally induced particle production in the very early Universe. In our scenario, the baryon asymmetry is generated dynamically during an inflationary epoch powered by ultra-relativistic particles. The adiabatic particle production rate provides both the needed negative pressure to accelerate the radiation dominated Universe and a non-zero chemical potential which distinguishes baryons and anti-baryons thereby producing a baryon asymmetry in agreement with the observed value. Reciprocally, the present day asymmetry may be used to determine the inflationary scale at early times. Successful gravitational baryogenesis is dynamically generated for many different choices of the relevant model parameters.
description: 16 pages revtex, no figures. To be published in PLB
The Complexity of Molecular Interactions and Bindings between Cyclic Peptide and Inhibit Polymerase A and B1 (PAC-PB1N) H1N1
Creators: name: Parikesit, Arli Aditya
name: Noviardi, Harry
name: Kerami, Djati
name: Tambunan, Usman Sumo Friend
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Other Quantitative Biology (q-bio.OT)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: J.3
subject: 9206

description: The influenza/H1N1 virus has caused hazard in the public health of many countries. Hence, existing influenza drugs could not cope with H1N1 infection due to the high mutation rate of the virus. In this respect, new method to block the virus was devised. The polymerase PAC-PB1N enzyme is responsible for the replication of H1N1 virus. Thus, novel inhibitors were developed to ward off the functionality of the enzyme. In this research, cyclic peptides has been chosen to inhibit PAC-PB1N due to its proven stability in reaching the drug target. Thus, computational method for elucidating the molecular interaction between cyclic peptides and PAC-PB1N has been developed by using the LigX tools from MOE 2008.10 software. The tools could render the bindings that involved in the interactions. The interactions between individual amino acid in the inhibitor and enzyme could be seen as well. Thus, the peptide sequences of CKTTC and CKKTC were chosen as the lead compounds. In this end, the feasibility of cyclic peptides to act as drug candidate for H1N1 could be exposed by the 2d and 3d modeling of the molecular interactions.
description: 6 pages, 9th Joint Conference on Chemistry, Semarang, Indonesia, 12-13 November 2014
Extracting Formal Models from Normative Texts
Creators: name: Camilleri, John J.
name: Gruzitis, Normunds
name: Schneider, Gerardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Normative texts are documents based on the deontic notions of obligation, permission, and prohibition. Our goal is to model such texts using the C-O Diagram formalism, making them amenable to formal analysis, in particular verifying that a text satisfies properties concerning causality of actions and timing constraints. We present an experimental, semi-automatic aid to bridge the gap between a normative text and its formal representation. Our approach uses dependency trees combined with our own rules and heuristics for extracting the relevant components. The resulting tabular data can then be converted into a C-O Diagram.
AutoConv: Automatically Generating Information-seeking Conversations with Large Language Models
Creators: name: Li, Siheng
name: Yang, Cheng
name: Yin, Yichun
name: Zhu, Xinyu
name: Cheng, Zesen
name: Shang, Lifeng
name: Jiang, Xin
name: Liu, Qun
name: Yang, Yujiu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Information-seeking conversation, which aims to help users gather information through conversation, has achieved great progress in recent years. However, the research is still stymied by the scarcity of training data. To alleviate this problem, we propose AutoConv for synthetic conversation generation, which takes advantage of the few-shot learning ability and generation capacity of large language models (LLM). Specifically, we formulate the conversation generation problem as a language modeling task, then finetune an LLM with a few human conversations to capture the characteristics of the information-seeking process and use it for generating synthetic conversations with high quality. Experimental results on two frequently-used datasets verify that AutoConv has substantial improvements over strong baselines and alleviates the dependence on human annotation. In addition, we also provide several analysis studies to promote future research.
description: Accepted to ACL 2023 Main Conference (Short)
$B^+\to K^-π^+π^+$: three-body final state interactions and $Kπ$ isospin states
Creators: name: Nogueira, J. H. Alvarenga
name: Frederico, T.
name: Lourenço, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Final state interactions are considered to formulate the $B$ meson decay amplitude for the $Kππ$ channel. The Faddeev decomposition of the Bethe-Salpeter equation is used in order to build a relativistic three-body model within the light-front framework. The S-wave scattering amplitude for the $Kπ$ system is considered in the $1/2$ and $3/2$ isospin channels with the set of inhomogeneous integral equations solved perturbatively. In comparison with previous results for the $D$ meson decay in the same channel, one has to consider the different partonic processes, which build the source amplitudes, and the larger absorption to other decay channels appears, that are important features to be addressed. As in the $D$ decay case, the convergence of the rescattering perturbative series is also achieved with two-loop contributions.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Comment on "Generalized Shannon--Khinchin axioms and uniqueness theorem for pseudo-additive entropies" [Physica A 411 (2014) 138]
Creators: name: Jizba, Petr
name: Korbel, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently in [Physica A 411 (2014) 138] Ilić and Stanković have suggested that there may be problem for the class of hybrid entropies introduced in [P.~Jizba and T.~Arimitsu, Physica A 340 (2004) 110]. In this Comment we point out that the problem can be traced down to the $q$-additive entropic chain rule and to a peculiar behavior of the DeFinetti--Kolmogorov relation for escort distributions. However, despite this, one can still safely use the proposed hybrid entropies in most of the statistical-thermodynamics considerations.
Fast, On-board, Model-aided Visual-Inertial Odometry System for Quadrotor Micro Aerial Vehicles
Creators: name: Abeywardena, Dinuka
name: Huang, Shoudong
name: Barnes, Ben
name: Dissanayake, Gamini
name: Kodagoda, Sarath
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The main contribution of this paper is a high frequency, low-complexity, on-board visual-inertial odometry system for quadrotor micro air vehicles. The system consists of an extended Kalman filter (EKF) based state estimation algorithm that fuses information from a low cost MEMS inertial measurement unit acquired at 200Hz and VGA resolution images from a monocular camera at 50Hz. The dynamic model describing the quadrotor motion is employed in the estimation algorithm as a third source of information. Visual information is incorporated into the EKF by enforcing the epipolar constraint on features tracked between image pairs, avoiding the need to explicitly estimate the location of the tracked environmental features. Combined use of the dynamic model and epipolar constraints makes it possible to obtain drift free velocity and attitude estimates in the presence of both accelerometer and gyroscope biases. A strategy to deal with the unobservability that arises when the quadrotor is in hover is also provided. Experimental data from a real-time implementation of the system on a 50 gram embedded computer are presented in addition to the simulations to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed system.
description: 8 pages
An Industrial Case Study on Test Cases as Requirements
Creators: name: Bjarnason, Elizabeth
name: Unterkalmsteiner, Michael
name: Engström, Emelie
name: Borg, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: It is a conundrum that agile projects can succeed 'without requirements' when weak requirements engineering is a known cause for project failures. While Agile development projects often manage well without extensive requirements documentation, test cases are commonly used as requirements. We have investigated this agile practice at three companies in order to understand how test cases can fill the role of requirements. We performed a case study based on twelve interviews performed in a previous study. The findings include a range of benefits and challenges in using test cases for eliciting, validating, verifying, tracing and managing requirements. In addition, we identified three scenarios for applying the practice, namely as a mature practice, as a de facto practice and as part of an agile transition. The findings provide insights into how the role of requirements may be met in agile development including challenges to consider.
description: Proceedings of XP 2015: 27-39
Impurity-induced smearing of the spin resonance peak in Fe-based superconductors
Creators: name: Togushova, Yu. N.
name: Shestakov, V. A.
name: Korshunov, M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin resonance peak in the iron-based superconductors is observed in inelastic neutron scattering experiments and agrees well with predicted results for the extended s-wave ($s_\pm$) gap symmetry. On the basis of four-band and three-orbital tight binding models we study the effect of nonmagnetic disorder on the resonance peak. Spin susceptibility is calculated in the random phase approximation with the renormalization of the quasiparticle self-energy due to the impurity scattering in the static Born approximation. We find that the spin resonance becomes broader with the increase of disorder and its energy shifts to higher frequencies. For the same amount of disorder the spin response in the $s_\pm$ state is still distinct from that of the $s_{++}$ state.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Maximizing the performance for microcomb based microwave photonic transversal signal processors
Creators: name: Sun, Yang
name: Wu, Jiayang
name: Li, Yang
name: Xu, Xingyuan
name: Ren, Guanghui
name: Tan, Mengxi
name: Chu, Sai Tak
name: Little, Brent E.
name: Morandotti, Roberto
name: Mitchell, Arnan
name: Moss, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microwave photonic (MWP) transversal signal processors offer a compelling solution for realizing versatile high-speed information processing by combining the advantages of reconfigurable electrical digital signal processing and high-bandwidth photonic processing. With the capability of generating a number of discrete wavelengths from micro-scale resonators, optical microcombs are powerful multi-wavelength sources for implementing MWP transversal signal processors with significantly reduced size, power consumption, and complexity. By using microcomb-based MWP transversal signal processors, a diverse range of signal processing functions have been demonstrated recently. In this paper, we provide a detailed analysis for the processing inaccuracy that is induced by the imperfect response of experimental components. First, we investigate the errors arising from different sources including imperfections in the microcombs, the chirp of electro-optic modulators, chromatic dispersion of the dispersive module, shaping errors of the optical spectral shapers, and noise of the photodetector. Next, we provide a global picture quantifying the impact of different error sources on the overall system performance. Finally, we introduce feedback control to compensate the errors caused by experimental imperfections and achieve significantly improved accuracy. These results provide a guide for optimizing the accuracy of microcomb-based MWP transversal signal processors.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures, 60 references
The Fate of Exomoons in White Dwarf Planetary Systems
Creators: name: Payne, Matthew J.
name: Veras, Dimitri
name: Gaensicke, Boris T.
name: Holman, Matthew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Roughly 1000 white dwarfs are known to be polluted with planetary material, and the progenitors of this material are typically assumed to be asteroids. The dynamical architectures which perturb asteroids into white dwarfs are still unknown, but may be crucially dependent on moons liberated from parent planets during post-main-sequence gravitational scattering. Here, we trace the fate of these exomoons, and show that they more easily achieve deep radial incursions towards the white dwarf than do scattered planets. Consequently, moons are likely to play a significant role in white dwarf pollution, and in some cases may be the progenitors of the pollution itself.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
An Interactive Medical Image Segmentation Framework Using Iterative Refinement
Creators: name: Kalshetti, Pratik
name: Bundele, Manas
name: Rahangdale, Parag
name: Jangra, Dinesh
name: Chattopadhyay, Chiranjoy
name: Harit, Gaurav
name: Elhence, Abhay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Image segmentation is often performed on medical images for identifying diseases in clinical evaluation. Hence it has become one of the major research areas. Conventional image segmentation techniques are unable to provide satisfactory segmentation results for medical images as they contain irregularities. They need to be pre-processed before segmentation. In order to obtain the most suitable method for medical image segmentation, we propose a two stage algorithm. The first stage automatically generates a binary marker image of the region of interest using mathematical morphology. This marker serves as the mask image for the second stage which uses GrabCut on the input image thus resulting in an efficient segmented result. The obtained result can be further refined by user interaction which can be done using the Graphical User Interface (GUI). Experimental results show that the proposed method is accurate and provides satisfactory segmentation results with minimum user interaction on medical as well as natural images.
description: 19 pages, 19 figures, Submitted for review in Computers in Biology and Medicine
Statistical Mechanics and Kinetics of Amyloid Fibrillation
Creators: name: Hong, Liu
name: Lee, Chiu Fan
name: Huang, Ya Jing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Amyloid fibrillation is a protein self-assembly phenomenon that is intimately related to well-known human neurodegenerative diseases. During the past few decades, striking advances have been achieved in our understanding of the physical origin of this phenomenon and they constitute the contents of this review. Starting from a minimal model of amyloid fibrils, we explore systematically the equilibrium and kinetic aspects of amyloid fibrillation in both dilute and semi-dilute limits. We then incorporate further molecular mechanisms into the analyses. We also discuss the mathematical foundation of kinetic modeling based on chemical mass-action equations, the quantitative linkage with experimental measurements, as well as the procedure to perform global fitting.
description: 68 pages, 18 figures, 201 references
On defects of characters and decomposition numbers
Creators: name: Malle, Gunter
name: Navarro, Gabriel
name: Sambale, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20C20, 20C33

description: We propose upper bounds for the number of modular constituents of the restriction modulo $p$ of a complex irreducible character of a finite group, and for its decomposition numbers, in certain cases.
Joe Vinen and transverse force on vortex
Creators: name: Sonin, Edouard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper gives a glimpse on the problem of transverse force on a vortex, its proper determination in general and the role in the process of quantum vortex nucleation. Investigation of this problem is an essential part of the scientific heritage of Joe Vinen as an experimentalist and a theoretician.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure. The paper for the special JLTP issue in honor of Joe Vinen
Convergence analysis of a spectral-Galerkin-type search extension method for finding multiple solutions to semilinear problems
Creators: name: Liu, Wei
name: Xie, Ziqing
name: Yuan, Yongjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J25, 65N35, 65H10, 47H10

description: In this paper, we develop an efficient spectral-Galerkin-type search extension method (SGSEM) for finding multiple solutions to semilinear elliptic boundary value problems. This method constructs effective initial data for multiple solutions based on the linear combinations of some eigenfunctions of the corresponding linear eigenvalue problem, and thus takes full advantage of the traditional search extension method in constructing initials for multiple solutions. Meanwhile, it possesses a low computational cost and high accuracy due to the employment of an interpolated coefficient Legendre-Galerkin spectral discretization. By applying the Schauder's fixed point theorem and other technical strategies, the existence and spectral convergence of the numerical solution corresponding to a specified true solution are rigorously proved. In addition, the uniqueness of the numerical solution in a sufficiently small neighborhood of each specified true solution is strictly verified. Numerical results demonstrate the feasibility and efficiency of our algorithm and present different types of multiple solutions.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures; Chinese version of this paper is published in SCIENTIA SINICA Mathematica, Vol. 51 (2021), pp. 1407-1431
Simulation Study on the Emittance Compensation of Off-axis Emitted Beam in RF Photoinjector
Creators: name: Huang, Rui-Xuan
name: Mitchell, Chad
name: Jia, Qi-Ka
name: Papadopoulos, Christos
name: Sannibale, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To make full use of photocathode material and improve its quantum efficiency lifetime, it can be necessary to operate laser away from the cathode center in photoinjectors. In RF guns, the off-axis emitted beam will see a time-dependent RF effect, which would generate a significant growth in transverse emittance. It has been demonstrated that such an emittance growth can be almost completely compensated by orienting the beam on a proper orbit in the downstream RF cavities along the injector. In this paper we analyze in detail the simulation techniques used in reference[1] and the issues associated with them. The optimization of photoinjector systems involving off-axis beams is a challenging problem. To solve this problem, one needs advanced simulation tools including both genetic algorithms and an efficient algorithm for 3D space charge. In this paper, we report on simulation studies where the two codes ASTRA and IMPACT-T are used jointly to overcome these challenges, in order to optimize a system designed to compensate for the emittance growth in a beam emitted off axis.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, 1 table, it is to be published in Chinese Physics C
Goal Space Abstraction in Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning via Reachability Analysis
Creators: name: Zadem, Mehdi
name: Mover, Sergio
name: Nguyen, Sao Mai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Open-ended learning benefits immensely from the use of symbolic methods for goal representation as they offer ways to structure knowledge for efficient and transferable learning. However, the existing Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning (HRL) approaches relying on symbolic reasoning are often limited as they require a manual goal representation. The challenge in autonomously discovering a symbolic goal representation is that it must preserve critical information, such as the environment dynamics. In this work, we propose a developmental mechanism for subgoal discovery via an emergent representation that abstracts (i.e., groups together) sets of environment states that have similar roles in the task. We create a HRL algorithm that gradually learns this representation along with the policies and evaluate it on navigation tasks to show the learned representation is interpretable and results in data efficiency.