cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
At the Dawn of Generative AI Era: A Tutorial-cum-Survey on New Frontiers in 6G Wireless Intelligence
Creators: name: Celik, Abdulkadir
name: Eltawil, Ahmed M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The majority of data-driven wireless research leans heavily on discriminative AI (DAI) that requires vast real-world datasets. Unlike the DAI, Generative AI (GenAI) pertains to generative models (GMs) capable of discerning the underlying data distribution, patterns, and features of the input data. This makes GenAI a crucial asset in wireless domain wherein real-world data is often scarce, incomplete, costly to acquire, and hard to model or comprehend. With these appealing attributes, GenAI can replace or supplement DAI methods in various capacities. Accordingly, this combined tutorial-survey paper commences with preliminaries of 6G and wireless intelligence by outlining candidate 6G applications and services, presenting a taxonomy of state-of-the-art DAI models, exemplifying prominent DAI use cases, and elucidating the multifaceted ways through which GenAI enhances DAI. Subsequently, we present a tutorial on GMs by spotlighting seminal examples such as generative adversarial networks, variational autoencoders, flow-based GMs, diffusion-based GMs, generative transformers, large language models, to name a few. Contrary to the prevailing belief that GenAI is a nascent trend, our exhaustive review of approximately 120 technical papers demonstrates the scope of research across core wireless research areas, including physical layer design; network optimization, organization, and management; network traffic analytics; cross-layer network security; and localization & positioning. Furthermore, we outline the central role of GMs in pioneering areas of 6G network research, including semantic/THz/near-field communications, ISAC, extremely large antenna arrays, digital twins, AI-generated content services, mobile edge computing and edge AI, adversarial ML, and trustworthy AI. Lastly, we shed light on the multifarious challenges ahead, suggesting potential strategies and promising remedies.
Predicting unknown mineral localities based on mineral associations.
Creators: name: Prabhu, Anirudh
name: Shaunna Morrison
name: Eleish, Ahmed
name: Narkar, Shweta
name: Fox, Peter
name: Downs, Robert
name: Perry, Samuel
name: Burns, Peter
name: Jolyon Ralph
name: Runyon, Simone
name: Hazen, Robert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Machine Learning
Affinity Analysis
Market Basket Analysis
Recommender System
Minerals
Mineral Ecology
Mineral Evolution
Uranium

description: Mindat (mindat.org), the Mineral Evolution Database (RRUFF.info/Evolution), and the Global Earth Mineral Inventory are some of the well-known datasets in the field of mineralogy, which contain data about almost all known localities on Earth where minerals have been found. The increase in the amount and accuracy of mineral data and the improvements in technological resources make it possible to explore and answer large, outstanding scientific questions, such as, understanding the mineral assemblages on Earth and how they compare to assemblages and localities on other planets.. In this contribution, we present an affinity analysis method to: 1) Predict the previously unknown occurrence of a mineral of interest. 2) Predict the location of a geologic environment or deposit based on a mineral assemblage. Affinity Analysis, or Market Basket Analysis, is a machine learning method that uses mined association rules to find interesting patterns in the data. The strength of the rules is identified using some measures of interestingness, such as ‘lift’. For example, when the occurrence of a mineral predicted with high confidence at a given locality is unexpected (low support), the rule used for such a prediction is considered ‘very interesting’. Successful implementation of this methodology will greatly aid the mineral discovery process.
Chromatic Bacteria v.2-A Himar1 Transposon-Based Delivery Vector to Extend the Host Range of a Toolbox to Fluorescently Tag Bacteria
Creators: name: Stocks, Christian
name: Schlechter, Rudolf O.
name: Remus-Emsermann, Mitja N. P.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: genetic modification
subject: fluorescent labelling
subject: mariner
subject: plasmid
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: A recent publication described the construction and utility of a comprehensive “Chromatic Bacteria” toolbox containing a set of genetic tools that allows for fluorescently tagging a variety of Proteobacteria. In an effort to expand the range of bacteria taggable with the Chromatic Bacteria toolbox, a series of Himar1 transposon vectors was constructed to mediate insertion of fluorescent protein and antibiotic resistant genes. The Himar1 transposon was chosen as it is known to function in a wide range of bacterial species. To test the suitability of the new Himar1 Chromatic Bacteria plasmid derivatives, conjugations were attempted on recently isolated non-model organisms. Although we were unsuccessful in delivering the plasmids into Gram-positive bacterial isolates, we successfully modified previously recalcitrant isolates to the first set of the Chromatic Bacteria toolbox, such as Sphingomonas sp. Leaf357 and Acidovorax sp. Leaf84. This manuscript reports on the currently available plasmids and transposition success in different bacteria.
Sustainable Supercomputing for AI: GPU Power Capping at HPC Scale
Creators: name: Zhao, Dan
name: Samsi, Siddharth
name: McDonald, Joseph
name: Li, Baolin
name: Bestor, David
name: Jones, Michael
name: Tiwari, Devesh
name: Gadepally, Vijay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As research and deployment of AI grows, the computational burden to support and sustain its progress inevitably does too. To train or fine-tune state-of-the-art models in NLP, computer vision, etc., some form of AI hardware acceleration is virtually a requirement. Recent large language models require considerable resources to train and deploy, resulting in significant energy usage, potential carbon emissions, and massive demand for GPUs and other hardware accelerators. However, this surge carries large implications for energy sustainability at the HPC/datacenter level. In this paper, we study the aggregate effect of power-capping GPUs on GPU temperature and power draw at a research supercomputing center. With the right amount of power-capping, we show significant decreases in both temperature and power draw, reducing power consumption and potentially improving hardware life-span with minimal impact on job performance. While power-capping reduces power draw by design, the aggregate system-wide effect on overall energy consumption is less clear; for instance, if users notice job performance degradation from GPU power-caps, they may request additional GPU-jobs to compensate, negating any energy savings or even worsening energy consumption. To our knowledge, our work is the first to conduct and make available a detailed analysis of the effects of GPU power-capping at the supercomputing scale. We hope our work will inspire HPCs/datacenters to further explore, evaluate, and communicate the impact of power-capping AI hardware accelerators for more sustainable AI.
Revision of Eocene electric rays (Torpediniformes, Batomorphii) from the Bolca Konservat-Lagerstätte, Italy, reveals the first fossil embryo in situ in marine batoids and provides new insights into the origin of trophic novelties in coral reef fishes
Creators: name: Marramà, Giuseppe
name: Kerin M. Claeson
name: Carnevale, Giorgio
name: Kriwet, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: The Eocene electric ray †Titanonarke Carvalho, 2010 from the Bolca Konservat-Lagerstätte, north-eastern Italy, is redescribed in detail based upon new material from recent excavations. This taxon exhibits a combination of features (large voids between the pectoral and the axial skeleton filled in life by electric organs, anteriorly directed fan-shaped antorbital cartilages, lack of dermal denticles, long prepelvic processes, and rounded basibranchial copula with a small caudal tab) that clearly supports its assignment to the order Torpediniformes. The analysis of new material also demonstrates that the previous apparent absence of typical narcinoid characters used to diagnose †Titanonarke was the result of taphonomic biases. †Titanonarke shares at least three synapomorphies (presence of a rostral fontanelle, low number of ribs, and rostral cartilage connected to the antorbital cartilage through lateral appendices) with the extant genera Benthobatis, Diplobatis, Discopyge and Narcine, with which it forms a clade (family Narcinidae) recognized herein as unquestionably monophyletic. Moreover, based upon a single specimen of †Titanonarke that exhibits a unique combination of morphometric and meristic features, a new species of Eocene numbfish, †T. megapterygia sp. nov., is recognized. The presence of several specimens representing different ontogenetic stages of at least two species of numbfishes suggests a close association of this taxon with shallow-water habitats corresponding to coral reefs as hypothesized for the Monte Postale palaeoenvironment. The occurrence of a fossilized marine batoid embryo is reported here for the first time. Moreover, the analysis of the gut contents suggests that the dietary adaptations of †Titanonarke can be related, at least in part, to an opportunistic strategy in the context of abundant larger foraminifera in the Monte Postale palaeobiotope, suggesting that this kind of feeding mode, known to occur in present-day reefs, already was realized 50 million years ago. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:EDD6E170-CA64-4FFB-8DD1-AED2D61D5504
On the Quantum Computing Delusion
Creators: name: Smith, John
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Mechanics
subject: 20603 Quantum Information, Computation and Communication
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The prospect of an up-coming quantum computer revolution is big news these days, with some technologists predicting that a scalable quantum computer is a mere 4 - 5 years away. It has even been claimed -by D-Wave cofounder Eric Ladizinsky- that this prospective revolution will be civilization's next big revolution. The truth is that quantum computers that are anything more than toys are, not merely difficult to engineer, but mathematically impossible, and based on a fundamental misunderstanding of the relationship between classical and quantum physics.
S1P Signalling Axis Is Necessary for Adiponectin-Directed Regulation of Electrophysiological Properties and Oxidative Metabolism in C2C12 Myotubes
Creators: name: Bernacchioni, Caterina
name: Squecco, Roberta
name: Gamberi, Tania
name: Ghini, Veronica
name: Schumacher, Fabian
name: Mannelli, Michele
name: Garella, Rachele
name: Idrizaj, Eglantina
name: Cencetti, Francesca
name: Puliti, Elisa
name: Bruni, Paola
name: Turano, Paola
name: Fiaschi, Tania
name: Donati, Chiara
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: adiponectin
subject: sphingosine kinase
subject: skeletal muscle
subject: sphingosine 1-phosphate
subject: electrophysiological properties
subject: NMR metabolomics
subject: oxygen consumption
subject: S1P receptors
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::615 Pharmakologie, Therapeutik

description: Background: Adiponectin (Adn), released by adipocytes and other cell types such as skeletal muscle, has insulin-sensitizing and anti-inflammatory properties. Sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) is reported to act as effector of diverse biological actions of Adn in different tissues. S1P is a bioactive sphingolipid synthesized by the phosphorylation of sphingosine catalyzed by sphingosine kinase (SK) 1 and 2. Consolidated findings support the key role of S1P in the biology of skeletal muscle. Methods and Results: Here we provide experimental evidence that S1P signalling is modulated by globular Adn treatment being able to increase the phosphorylation of SK1/2 as well as the mRNA expression levels of S1P4 in C2C12 myotubes. These findings were confirmed by LC-MS/MS that showed an increase of S1P levels after Adn treatment. Notably, the involvement of S1P axis in Adn action was highlighted since, when SK1 and 2 were inhibited by PF543 and ABC294640 inhibitors, respectively, not only the electrophysiological changes but also the increase of oxygen consumption and of aminoacid levels induced by the hormone, were significantly inhibited. Conclusion: Altogether, these findings show that S1P biosynthesis is necessary for the electrophysiological properties and oxidative metabolism of Adn in skeletal muscle cells.
Zoonotic pathogen screening of striped field mice (Apodemus agrarius) from Austria
Creators: name: Jeske, Kathrin
name: Herzig-Straschil, Barbara
name: Răileanu, Cristian
name: Kunec, Dusan
name: Tauchmann, Oliver
name: Emirhar, Duygu
name: Schmidt, Sabrina
name: Trimpert, Jakob
name: Silaghi, Cornelia
name: Heckel, Gerald
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Apodemus agrarius
subject: Bartonella
subject: Borrelia
subject: Dobrava-Belgrade orthohantavirus
subject: Leptospira spp.
subject: Neoehrlichia mikurensis
subject: Rickettsia
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: The striped field mouse (Apodemus agrarius) is known to carry several zoonotic pathogens, including Leptospira spp. and Dobrava-Belgrade orthohantavirus (DOBV). Since its first detection in 1996 in south-east Austria, the striped field mouse has further expanded its range in Austria. Here, we screened 35 striped field mice collected in an Austrian region near the Hungarian border for DOBV, Leptospira spp. and seven vector-borne pathogens. Hantavirus RT-PCR screening and DOBV IgG ELISA analysis led to the detection of two DOBV-positive striped field mice. The complete coding sequences of all three genome segments of both strains were determined by a combination of target enrichment and next-generation sequencing. Both complete coding S segment sequences clustered within the DOBV genotype Kurkino clade with the highest similarity to a sequence from Hungary. In one of 35 striped field mice, Leptospira borgpetersenii sequence type (ST) 146 was detected. Bartonella spp., Borrelia miyamotoi and Neoehrlichia mikurensis DNA was detected in four, one and two of 32 mice, respectively. Babesia, Anaplasma, Ehrlichia and Rickettsia specific DNA was not detected. Future investigations will have to determine the prevalence and invasion of these pathogens with the ongoing range expansion of the striped field mouse in Austria.
Visualization of Marek’s Disease Virus Genomes in Living Cells during Lytic Replication and Latency
Creators: name: Vychodil, Tereza
name: Wight, Darren J.
name: Nascimento, Mariana
name: Jolmes, Fabian
name: Korte, Thomas
name: Herrmann, Andreas
name: Kaufer, Benedikt B.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Marek’s disease virus
subject: live-cell genome visualization
subject: lytic replication
subject: T cells
subject: latency
subject: genome integration
subject: TetO/TetR system
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::616 Krankheiten

description: Visualization of the herpesvirus genomes during lytic replication and latency is mainly achieved by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Unfortunately, this technique cannot be used for the real-time detection of viral genome in living cells. To facilitate the visualization of the Marek’s disease virus (MDV) genome during all stages of the virus lifecycle, we took advantage of the well-established tetracycline operator/repressor (TetO/TetR) system. This system consists of a fluorescently labeled TetR (TetR-GFP) that specifically binds to an array of tetO sequences. This tetO repeat array was first inserted into the MDV genome (vTetO). Subsequently, we fused TetR-GFP via a P2a self-cleaving peptide to the C-terminus of the viral interleukin 8 (vIL8), which is expressed during lytic replication and latency. Upon reconstitution of this vTetO-TetR virus, fluorescently labeled replication compartments were detected in the nucleus during lytic replication. After validating the specificity of the observed signal, we used the system to visualize the genesis and mobility of the viral replication compartments. In addition, we assessed the infection of nuclei in syncytia as well as lytic replication and latency in T cells. Taken together, we established a system allowing us to track the MDV genome in living cells that can be applied to many other DNA viruses.
Human health risks of metals and metalloids in muscle tissue of Synodontis zambezensis Peters, 1852 from Flag Boshielo Dam, South Africa
Creators: name: JR Sara
name: SM Marr
name: WJ Smit
name: LJC Erasmus
name: WJ Luus-Powell
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Muscle tissue from 63 Synodontis zambezensis collected bimonthly in 2013 at Flag Boshielo Dam were analysed for metals and metalloids in a desktop human health risk assessment. The Hazard Quotient, based on a weekly meal of 67 g of fish muscle, exceeded the maximum acceptable level of one for lead, cobalt, cadmium, mercury, arsenic and selenium. The concentrations of these elements were higher in 2013 than those recorded in 2009 and 2012 in other fish species from Flag Boshielo Dam and these may pose a long-term health risk if consumed regularly by impoverished rural communities reliant on fish as a source of protein.
Antimicrobial and Biocide Resistance among Canine and Feline Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates from Diagnostic Submissions
Creators: name: Feßler, Andrea T.
name: Scholtzek, Anissa D.
name: Schug, Angela R.
name: Kohn, Barbara
name: Weingart, Christiane
name: Hanke, Dennis
name: Schink, Anne-Kathrin
name: Bethe, Astrid
name: Lübke-Becker, Antina
name: Schwarz, Stefan
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: dog
subject: cat
subject: infections
subject: E. faecalis
subject: E. faecium
subject: E. coli
subject: P. aeruginosa
subject: A. baumannii
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::616 Krankheiten
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::590 Tiere (Zoologie)::590 Tiere (Zoologie)

description: A total of 215 isolates from infections of dogs and cats, including 49 Enterococcus faecalis, 37 Enterococcus faecium, 59 Escherichia coli, 56 Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and 14 Acinetobacter baumannii, were investigated for their susceptibility to 27 (Gram-positive bacteria) or 20 (Gram-negative bacteria) antimicrobial agents/combinations of antimicrobial agents by broth microdilution according to the recommendations of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Moreover, all isolates were analysed for their susceptibility to the biocides benzalkonium chloride, chlorhexidine, polyhexanide, and octenidine by a recently published broth microdilution biocide susceptibility testing method. While the E. faecalis isolates did not show expanded resistances, considerable numbers of the E. faecium isolates were resistant to penicillins, macrolides, tetracyclines, and fluoroquinolones. Even a single vancomycin-resistant isolate that carried the vanA gene cluster was detected. Expanded multiresistance phenotypes were also detected among the E. coli isolates, including a single carbapenem-resistant, blaOXA-48-positive isolate. In addition, multiresistant A. baumannii isolates were detected. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of the biocides showed unimodal distributions but differed with respect to the biocide and the bacterial species investigated. Although there were no indications of a development of biocide resistance, some P. aeruginosa isolates exhibited benzalkonium MICs higher than the highest test concentration.
Land-use type temporarily affects active pond community structure but not gene expression patterns
Creators: name: Bizic, Mina
name: Ionescu, Danny
name: Karnatak, Rajat
name: Musseau, Camille L.
name: Onandia, Gabriela
name: Berger, Stella A.
name: Nejstgaard, Jens C.
name: Lischeid, Gunnar
name: Gessner, Mark O.
name: Wollrab, Sabine
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: agriculture
subject: eRNA
subject: land use
subject: metacommunity
subject: transcriptomics
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Changes in land use and agricultural intensification threaten biodiversity and ecosystem functioning of small water bodies. We studied 67 kettle holes (KH) in an agricultural landscape in northeastern Germany using landscape-scale metatranscriptomics to understand the responses of active bacterial, archaeal and eukaryotic communities to land-use type. These KH are proxies of the millions of small standing water bodies of glacial origin spread across the northern hemisphere. Like other landscapes in Europe, the study area has been used for intensive agriculture since the 1950s. In contrast to a parallel environmental DNA study that suggests the homogenization of biodiversity across KH, conceivably resulting from long-lasting intensive agriculture, land-use type affected the structure of the active KH communities during spring crop fertilization, but not a month later. This effect was more pronounced for eukaryotes than for bacteria. In contrast, gene expression patterns did not differ between months or across land-use types, suggesting a high degree of functional redundancy across the KH communities. Variability in gene expression was best explained by active bacterial and eukaryotic community structures, suggesting that these changes in functioning are primarily driven by interactions between organisms. Our results indicate that influences of the surrounding landscape result in temporary changes in the activity of different community members. Thus, even in KH where biodiversity has been homogenized, communities continue to respond to land management. This potential needs to be considered when developing sustainable management options for restoration purposes and for successful mitigation of further biodiversity loss in agricultural landscapes.
Trajectories of Mental and Physical Health in Ageing
Creators: name: SUSAN BRONWYN HUNT
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 170102 Developmental Psychology and Ageing
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Pressure is mounting to produce effective evidence-based theory, policy and practice to optimise the health of the increasing ageing population. This research investigated the relationship between mental and physical health over time in older people. This involved a review of existing research, and analyses of a large dataset. The results indicated that mental health strongly influences physical health. There are also lifestyle behaviours that can be modified to improve health. Policy and service provision must be tailored to enhance mental health across the life-span. Mental health is a critical resource in an evidence and strength-based approach to the promotion of successful ageing.
Reading Is Believing: Revisiting Language Bottleneck Models for Image Classification
Creators: Honori Udo
Takafumi Koshinaka
Publisher: name: IEEE Signal Processing Society
Year: 2024

description: We revisit language bottleneck models as an approach to ensuring the explainability of deep learning models for image classification. Because of inevitable information loss incurred in the step of converting images into language, the accuracy of language bottleneck models is considered to be inferior to that of standard black-box models. Recent image captioners based on large-scale foundation models of Vision and Language, however, have the ability to accurately describe images in verbal detail to a degree that was previously believed to not be realistically possible. In a task of disaster image classification, we experimentally show that a language bottleneck model that combines a modern image captioner with a pre-trained language model can achieve image classification accuracy that exceeds that of black-box models. We also demonstrate that a language bottleneck model and a black-box model may be thought to extract different features from images and that fusing the two can create a synergistic effect, resulting in even higher classification accuracy.
Releasing the Bubbles: Nanotopographical Electrocatalyst Design for Efficient Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Production in Microgravity Environment
Creators: name: Akay, Ömer
name: Poon, Jeffrey
name: Robertson, Craig
name: Abdi, Fatwa Firdaus
name: Cuenya, Beatriz Roldan
name: Giersig, Michael
name: Brinkert, Katharina
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: electrocatalyst nanotopography
subject: hydrogen evolution
subject: microgravity
subject: photoelectrocatalysis
subject: (photo-)electrochemical gas bubble evolution
subject: shadow nanosphere lithography
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Photoelectrochemical devices integrate the processes of light absorption, charge separation, and catalysis for chemical synthesis. The monolithic design is interesting for space applications, where weight and volume constraints predominate. Hindered gas bubble desorption and the lack of macroconvection processes in reduced gravitation, however, limit its application in space. Physico-chemical modifications of the electrode surface are required to induce gas bubble desorption and ensure continuous device operation. A detailed investigation of the electrocatalyst nanostructure design for light-assisted hydrogen production in microgravity environment is described. p-InP coated with a rhodium (Rh) electrocatalyst layer fabricated by shadow nanosphere lithography is used as a model device. Rh is deposited via physical vapor deposition (PVD) or photoelectrodeposition through a mask of polystyrene (PS) particles. It is observed that the PS sphere size and electrocatalyst deposition technique alter the electrode surface wettability significantly, controlling hydrogen gas bubble detachment and photocurrent–voltage characteristics. The highest, most stable current density of 37.8 mA cm−2 is achieved by depositing Rh via PVD through 784 nm sized PS particles. The increased hydrophilicity of the photoelectrode results in small gas bubble contact angles and weak frictional forces at the solid–gas interface which cause enhanced gas bubble detachment and enhanced device efficiency.
Antibacterial and anticancer activity of the purified cashew nut shell liquid: implications in cancer chemotherapy and wound healing
Creators: name: Shabeeba M Ashraf
name: Rathinasamy, Krishnan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: The cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL) from the cashew nut shell of Anacardium occidentale L. has been used to treat skin infections, cracks on soles of feet and cancerous ulcers. In this study, we have purified the technical CNSL, systematically evaluated its anticancer, antibacterial and wound healing activity. The LC-MS data revealed that the purified CNSL contains the compounds, cardanol, anacardic acid and methylcardol. It inhibited the proliferation of HeLa cells with an IC50 of 0.004%(v/v) and caused moderate mitotic block with spindle abnormality. It induced apoptosis in HeLa cells and accelerated wound closure in L929 cells. It inhibited the growth of Bacillus subtilis with an IC50 of 0.35%(v/v) and the treated cells exhibited elongated morphology indicating that suppression of cell division is one of the possible mechanisms of its action. The study suggests that the purified CNSL might have potential applications in anticancer and antibacterial drug development.
Investigations on the Use of Dried Food Residues as a Potential Dietary Ingredient for Cats
Creators: name: Paßlack, Nadine
name: Galliou, Fenia
name: Manios, Thrassyvoulos
name: Papadaki, Akrivi
name: Markakis, Nikolaos
name: Sambathianakis, Ioannis
name: Lasaridi, Katia
name: Fortatos, Stathis
name: Kyriacou, Adamadini
name: Vahjen, Wilfried
name: Zentek, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: cats
subject: hotel catering
subject: diet
subject: microbiota
subject: feces
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::590 Tiere (Zoologie)::590 Tiere (Zoologie)

description: The potential use of food residues for pet food could significantly contribute to food waste reduction. In the present study, the effects of the inclusion of dried food residues (DFR) (0, 5, 10 and 15%) in a complete diet were evaluated in seven healthy adult cats. At the end of each three-week feeding period, feces were collected. The analysis of the fecal microbiota by 16S rDNA sequencing demonstrated a marked increase of the bacterial alpha-diversity with increasing dietary inclusion levels of DFR. In addition, an increase in the relative abundance of Coriobacteriales, Collinsella and Lachnoclostridum, as well as of propionate and n-valerate in the feces of the cats, was detected. The dietary inclusion of DFR decreased the apparent crude protein digestibility and tended to decrease the apparent crude fat digestibility. Overall, the DFR seemed to be highly fermentable in the intestine of cats, which markedly affected the diversity of the fecal microbiota. As this effect might be critical for a balanced gut microbiota, but also along with the observed depressing effects of DFR on the apparent crude protein and crude fat digestibility, lower inclusion levels are recommended if used as a potential ingredient for cat food in the future.
Development of a Short and ICD-11 Compatible Measure for DSM-5 Maladaptive Personality Traits Using Ant Colony Optimization Algorithms
Creators: name: Kerber, André
name: Schultze, Martin
name: Müller, Steffen
name: Rühling, Rosa Maria
name: Wright, Aidan G. C.
name: Spitzer, Carsten
name: Krueger, Robert F.
name: Knaevelsrud, Christine
name: Zimmermann, Johannes
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: PID-5
subject: DSM-5
subject: ICD-11
subject: screening tool
subject: maladaptive personality traits
subject: ant colony optimization
subject: personality disorder
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: While Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders–Fifth edition (DSM-5) Section III and ICD-11 (International Classification of Diseases 11th–Revision) both allow for dimensional assessment of personality pathology, the models differ in the definition of maladaptive traits. In this study, we pursued the goal of developing a short and reliable assessment for maladaptive traits, which is compatible with both models, using the item pool of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5). To this aim, we applied ant colony optimization algorithms in English- and German-speaking samples comprising a total N of 2,927. This procedure yielded a 34-item measure with a hierarchical latent structure including six maladaptive trait domains and 17 trait facets, the “Personality Inventory for DSM-5, Brief Form Plus” (PID5BF+). While latent structure, reliability, and criterion validity were ascertained in the original and in two separate validation samples (n = 849, n = 493) and the measure was able to discriminate personality disorders from other diagnoses in a clinical subsample, results suggest further modifications for capturing ICD-11 Anankastia.
Temperature drives variation in flying insect biomass across a German malaise trap network
Creators: name: Welti, Ellen A. R.
name: Zajicek, Petr
name: Frenzel, Mark
name: Ayasse, Manfred
name: Bornholdt, Tim
name: Buse, Jörn
name: Classen, Alice
name: Dziock, Frank
name: Engelmann, Rolf A.
name: Monaghan, Michael T.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: climate change
subject: ecological gradients
subject: insect monitoring
subject: land cover
subject: LTER
subject: malaise trap
subject: pollinator
subject: thermal performance
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::590 Tiere (Zoologie)::590 Tiere (Zoologie)

description: 1. Among the many concerns for biodiversity in the Anthropocene, recent reports of flying insect loss are particularly alarming, given their importance as pollinators, pest control agents, and as a food source. Few insect monitoring programmes cover the large spatial scales required to provide more generalizable estimates of insect responses to global change drivers. 2. We ask how climate and surrounding habitat affect flying insect biomass using data from the first year of a new monitoring network at 84 locations across Germany comprising a spatial gradient of land cover types from protected to urban and crop areas. 3. Flying insect biomass increased linearly with temperature across Germany. However, the effect of temperature on flying insect biomass flipped to negative in the hot months of June and July when local temperatures most exceeded long-term averages. 4. Land cover explained little variation in insect biomass, but biomass was lowest in forests. Grasslands, pastures, and orchards harboured the highest insect biomass. The date of peak biomass was primarily driven by surrounding land cover, with grasslands especially having earlier insect biomass phenologies. 5. Standardised, large-scale monitoring provides key insights into the underlying processes of insect decline and is pivotal for the development of climate-adapted strategies to promote insect diversity. In a temperate climate region, we find that the positive effects of temperature on flying insect biomass diminish in a German summer at locations where temperatures most exceeded long-term averages. Our results highlight the importance of local adaptation in climate change-driven impacts on insect communities.
Triterpene tetraglycosides from the sea cucumber Stichopus horrens
Creators: name: Vien, Le Thi
name: Hoang, Le
name: Hanh, Tran Thi Hong
name: Nguyen Van Thanh
name: Nguyen Xuan Cuong
name: Nguyen Hoai Nam
name: Thung, Do Cong
name: Kiem, Phan Van
name: Minh, Chau Van
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Using various chromatographic separations, three triterpene tetraglycosides (1–3), including one new compound, namely stichorrenoside E (1) along with thelenotoside B (2) and deacetyl thelenotoside B (3), were isolated from the MeOH extract of the Vietnamese sea cucumber Stichopus horrens. Their structures were confirmed by spectroscopic experiments, such as 1D and 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS. Deacetylated thelenotoside B (3) is firstly isolated as a natural product. Among these compounds, thelenotoside B (2) showed strong cytotoxicities against five human cancer cell lines as HepG2, KB, LNCaP, MCF7 and SK-Mel2 with the IC50 values from 0.95 ± 0.08 to 1.90 ± 0.13 μM, whereas stichorrenoside E (1) and deacetyl thelenotoside B (3) exhibited significant activities with the IC50 values from 6.87 ± 0.25 to 11.62 ± 1.05 μM.
title: ADCO, Cinquième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1664), Cart. 28 (G 132), 258 folios, f. 00083
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cartulaire
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Cinquième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1664), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 28 (G 132), 258 folios, f. 00083, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cinquième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1664), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 28 (G 132), 258 folios, f. 00083, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
Supporting Student System Modelling Practice Through Curriculum and Technology Design
Creators: name: Bielik, Tom
name: Stephens, Lynn
name: McIntyre, Cynthia
name: Damelin, Daniel
name: Krajcik, Joseph S.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Modelling practice
subject: Educational technology
subject: Curriculum development
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::370 Bildung und Erziehung::375 Curricula

description: Developing and using models to make sense of phenomena or to design solutions to problems is a key science and engineering practice. Classroom use of technology-based tools can promote the development of students’ modelling practice, systems thinking, and causal reasoning by providing opportunities to develop and use models to explore phenomena. In previous work, we presented four aspects of system modelling that emerged during our development and initial testing of an online system modelling tool. In this study, we provide an in-depth examination and detailed evidence of 10th grade students engaging in those four aspects during a classroom enactment of a system modelling unit. We look at the choices students made when constructing their models, whether they described evidence and reasoning for those choices, and whether they described the behavior of their models in connection with model usefulness in explaining and making predictions about the phenomena of interest. We conclude with a set of recommendations for designing curricular materials that leverage digital tools to facilitate the iterative constructing, using, evaluating, and revising of models.
A bioanalytical approach of chemical composition, bioactivity and cytotoxicity of Berteroa incana L. herb
Creators: name: Ungureanu, Oana
name: Gatea, Florentina
name: Seciu, Ana Maria
name: Teodor, Eugenia Dumitra
name: Nicorescu, Isabela Madalina
name: Radu, Gabriel Lucian
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Berteroa incana is a wild herb widespread in temperate zones which was practically not studied for its biological effects. Methanolic and aqueous extracts of B. incana were assessed for the content in polyphenols and the related antioxidant and antimicrobial activities and the polysaccharide extract for the content in saccharides and the associated cytostatic effect. The results obtained highlighted that the methanolic extracts of B. incana contain moderate amounts of polyphenols, the most representative been isoquercitrin 4.41 ± 0.02 mg100 g−1dry weight plant material (DW), quercetin 4.21 ± 0.05, sinapic acid 5.23 ± 0.12 and ferulic acid 5.05 ± 0.12 mg 100 g−1DW, with correlated moderate antioxidant activities (IC50 13.40 ± 0.01 μg mL−1) and absent antibacterial activity. The polysaccharide fraction showed high content in saccharides, especially in arabinose (312.22 ± 7.54 mg g−1 polysaccharide extract) and glucose (279.22 ± 5.59), and promising cytostatic effect.
Transdiagnostic Processes as Mediators of Change in an Internet-Delivered Intervention Based on the Unified Protocol
Creators: name: Schaeuffele, Carmen
name: Bär, Jonathan
name: Buengener, Inken
name: Grafiadeli, Raphaela
name: Heuthaler, Eva
name: Strieder, Judith
name: Ziehn, Patricia
name: Knaevelsrud, Christine
name: Renneberg, Babette
name: Boettcher, Johanna
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Transdiagnostic
subject: Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy
subject: Unified Protocol
subject: Mediators
subject: Mechanisms of change
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: Background Transdiagnostic treatments target shared mechanisms between disorders to facilitate change across diagnoses. The Unified Protocol (UP) aims at changing dysfunctional reactions towards emotions by increasing mindful emotion awareness and cognitive flexibility, as well as decreasing anxiety sensitivity and emotion avoidance. Method We investigated whether these transdiagnostic processes were malleable by treatment and mediated the relationship between treatment and outcome in an internet-delivered adaptation of the UP. N = 129 participants with mixed anxiety, depressive, and somatic symptom disorders were randomized to treatment or waitlist. Results The treatment yielded significant changes in all transdiagnostic processes over time in comparison to a waitlist condition. In separate mediator models, significant mediating effects were found for mindfulness, cognitive flexibility, behavioral activation, and experiential avoidance. When all mediators were combined in a multiple mediator model, the indirect effects through mindfulness and cognitive flexibility emerged as significant. Conclusion These findings add to the growing body of research on transdiagnostic processes as mediators of change and emphasize mindfulness and cognitive flexibility as a transdiagnostic treatment target. However, these results should be interpreted cautiously, as temporal precedence could not be established.
Localization of cold $^{87}Rb$ atom within half-wavelength domain
Creators: name: Zhao, Shun-Cai
name: Li, Xin
name: Yang, Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Simulating the cold $^{87}Rb$ atom with a three-level quantum system interacting with two orthogonal standing-wave fields, the localization within half-wavelength domain in the x-y plane is achieved by monitoring the probe absorption. Within the half-wavelength domain, the single absorption peak increases from 0.2 to 1.0 via the spontaneously generated coherence (SGC), while the diameters of the single absorption peaks are diminished by the increasing incoherent pumping field. Our scheme provides the flexible parameters manipulating manner for the localization of cold $^{87}Rb$ atom.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
An assessment of the environmental and socio-economic impacts of alien rabbits and hares
Creators: name: Allmert, Tom
name: Jeschke, Jonathan M.
name: Evans, Thomas
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: European rabbit
subject: Extinction
subject: Grazing
subject: Human well-being
subject: Invasive alien species
subject: Leporid
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Directly comparable data on the environmental and socio-economic impacts of alien species informs the effective prioritisation of their management. We used two frameworks, the Environmental Impact Classification for Alien Taxa (EICAT) and Socio-Economic Impact Classification for Alien Taxa (SEICAT), to create a unified dataset on the severity and type of impacts caused by alien leporids (rabbits and hares). Literature was reviewed to collate impact data, which was categorised following EICAT and SEICAT guidelines. We aimed to use these data to identify: (1) alien leporid species with severe impacts, (2) their impact mechanisms, (3) the native species and local communities vulnerable to impacts and (4) knowledge gaps. Native species from a range of taxonomic groups were affected by environmental impacts which tended to be more damaging than socio-economic impacts. Indirect environmental impacts were particularly damaging and underreported. No impact data were found for several alien leporid species.
JCLEC-MO: a Java suite for solving many-objective optimization engineering problems
Creators: name: Ramírez, Aurora
name: Romero, José Raúl
name: García-Martínez, Carlos
name: Ventura, Sebastián
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.0; I.2.8
subject: 68T20

description: Although metaheuristics have been widely recognized as efficient techniques to solve real-world optimization problems, implementing them from scratch remains difficult for domain-specific experts without programming skills. In this scenario, metaheuristic optimization frameworks are a practical alternative as they provide a variety of algorithms composed of customized elements, as well as experimental support. Recently, many engineering problems require to optimize multiple or even many objectives, increasing the interest in appropriate metaheuristic algorithms and frameworks that might integrate new specific requirements while maintaining the generality and reusability principles they were conceived for. Based on this idea, this paper introduces JCLEC-MO, a Java framework for both multi- and many-objective optimization that enables engineers to apply, or adapt, a great number of multi-objective algorithms with little coding effort. A case study is developed and explained to show how JCLEC-MO can be used to address many-objective engineering problems, often requiring the inclusion of domain-specific elements, and to analyze experimental outcomes by means of conveniently connected R utilities.
description: 41 pages, 5 figures, journal paper