The first Hubble diagram and cosmological constraints using superluminous supernova
Creators: name: Inserra, C.
name: Sullivan, M.
name: Angus, C. R.
name: Macaulay, E.
name: Nichol, R. C.
name: Smith, M.
name: Frohmaier, C.
name: Gutiérrez, C. P.
name: Vicenzi, M.
name: Möller, A.
name: Brout, D.
name: Brown, P. J.
name: Davis, T. M.
name: D'Andrea, C. B.
name: Galbany, L.
name: Kessler, R.
name: Kim, A. G.
name: Pan, Y. -C.
name: Pursiainen, M.
name: Scolnic, D.
name: Thomas, B. P.
name: Wiseman, P.
name: Abbott, T. M. C.
name: Annis, J.
name: Avila, S.
name: Bertin, E.
name: Brooks, D.
name: Burke, D. L.
name: Rosell, A. Carnero
name: Kind, M. Carrasco
name: Carretero, J.
name: Castander, F. J.
name: Cawthon, R.
name: Desai, S.
name: Diehl, H. T.
name: Eifler, T. F.
name: Finley, D. A.
name: Flaugher, B.
name: Fosalba, P.
name: Frieman, J.
name: Garcia-Bellido, J.
name: Gaztanaga, E.
name: Gerdes, D. W.
name: Giannantonio, T.
name: Gruen, D.
name: Gruendl, R. A.
name: Gschwend, J.
name: Gutierrez, G.
name: Hollowood, D. L.
name: Honscheid, K.
name: James, D. J.
name: Krause, E.
name: Kuehn, K.
name: Kuropatkin, N.
name: Li, T. S.
name: Lidman, C.
name: Lima, M.
name: Maia, M. A. G.
name: Marshall, J. L.
name: Martini, P.
name: Menanteau, F.
name: Miquel, R.
name: Malagón, A. A. Plazas
name: Romer, A. K.
name: Roodman, A.
name: Sako, M.
name: Sanchez, E.
name: Scarpine, V.
name: Schubnell, M.
name: Serrano, S.
name: Sevilla-Noarbe, I.
name: Soares-Santos, M.
name: Sobreira, F.
name: Suchyta, E.
name: Swanson, M. E. C.
name: Tarle, G.
name: Thomas, D.
name: Tucker, D. L.
name: Vikram, V.
name: Walker, A. R.
name: Zhang, Y.
name: Asorey, J.
name: Calcino, J.
name: Carollo, D.
name: Glazebrook, K.
name: Hinton, S. R.
name: Hoormann, J. K.
name: Lewis, G. F.
name: Sharp, R.
name: Swann, E.
name: Tucker, B. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first Hubble diagram of superluminous supernovae (SLSNe) out to a redshift of two, together with constraints on the matter density, $Ω_{\rm M}$, and the dark energy equation-of-state parameter, $w(\equiv p/ρ)$. We build a sample of 20 cosmologically useful SLSNe~I based on light curve and spectroscopy quality cuts. We confirm the robustness of the peak decline SLSN~I standardization relation with a larger dataset and improved fitting techniques than previous works. We then solve the SLSN model based on the above standardisation via minimisation of the $χ^2$ computed from a covariance matrix which includes statistical and systematic uncertainties. For a spatially flat $Λ$CDM cosmological model, we find $Ω_{\rm M}=0.38^{+0.24}_{-0.19}$, with a rms of 0.27 mag for the residuals of the distance moduli. For a $w_0w_a$CDM cosmological model, the addition of SLSNe~I to a `baseline' measurement consisting of Planck temperature together with type Ia supernovae, results in a small improvement in the constraints of $w_0$ and $w_a$ of 4\%. We present simulations of future surveys with 868 and 492 SLSNe I (depending on the configuration used) and show that such a sample can deliver cosmological constraints in a flat $Λ$CDM model with the same precision (considering only statistical uncertainties) as current surveys that use type Ia supernovae, while providing a factor 2-3 improvement in the precision of the constraints on the time variation of dark energy, $w_0$ and $w_a$. This paper represents the proof-of-concept for superluminous supernova cosmology, and demonstrates they can provide an independent test of cosmology in the high-redshift ($z&gt;1$) universe.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures. MNRAS accepted