cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
DAWN: Vehicle Detection in Adverse Weather Nature Dataset
Creators: name: Kenk, Mourad A.
name: Hassaballah, Mahmoud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, self-driving vehicles have been introduced with several automated features including lane-keep assistance, queuing assistance in traffic-jam, parking assistance and crash avoidance. These self-driving vehicles and intelligent visual traffic surveillance systems mainly depend on cameras and sensors fusion systems. Adverse weather conditions such as heavy fog, rain, snow, and sandstorms are considered dangerous restrictions of the functionality of cameras impacting seriously the performance of adopted computer vision algorithms for scene understanding (i.e., vehicle detection, tracking, and recognition in traffic scenes). For example, reflection coming from rain flow and ice over roads could cause massive detection errors which will affect the performance of intelligent visual traffic systems. Additionally, scene understanding and vehicle detection algorithms are mostly evaluated using datasets contain certain types of synthetic images plus a few real-world images. Thus, it is uncertain how these algorithms would perform on unclear images acquired in the wild and how the progress of these algorithms is standardized in the field. To this end, we present a new dataset (benchmark) consisting of real-world images collected under various adverse weather conditions called DAWN. This dataset emphasizes a diverse traffic environment (urban, highway and freeway) as well as a rich variety of traffic flow. The DAWN dataset comprises a collection of 1000 images from real-traffic environments, which are divided into four sets of weather conditions: fog, snow, rain and sandstorms. The dataset is annotated with object bounding boxes for autonomous driving and video surveillance scenarios. This data helps interpreting effects caused by the adverse weather conditions on the performance of vehicle detection systems.
description: Available at https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/766ygrbt8y/3 ,IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems
Evaluation of ensemble methods for quantifying uncertainties in steady-state CFD applications with small ensemble sizes
Creators: name: Zhang, Xinlei
name: Xiao, Heng
name: Gomez, Thomas
name: Coutier-Delgosha, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bayesian uncertainty quantification (UQ) is of interest to industry and academia as it provides a framework for quantifying and reducing the uncertainty in computational models by incorporating available data. For systems with very high computational costs, for instance, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) problem, the conventional, exact Bayesian approach such as Markov chain Monte Carlo is intractable. To this end, the ensemble-based Bayesian methods have been used for CFD applications. However, their applicability for UQ has not been fully analyzed and understood thus far. Here, we evaluate the performance of three widely used iterative ensemble-based data assimilation methods, namely ensemble Kalman filter, ensemble randomized maximum likelihood method, and ensemble Kalman filter with multiple data assimilation for UQ problems. We present the derivations of the three ensemble methods from an optimization viewpoint. Further, a scalar case is used to demonstrate the performance of the three different approaches with emphasis on the effects of small ensemble sizes. Finally, we assess the three ensemble methods for quantifying uncertainties in steady-state CFD problems involving turbulent mean flows. Specifically, the Reynolds averaged Navier--Stokes (RANS) equation is considered the forward model, and the uncertainties in the propagated velocity are quantified and reduced by incorporating observation data. The results show that the ensemble methods cannot accurately capture the true posterior distribution, but they can provide a good estimation of the uncertainties even when very limited ensemble sizes are used. Based on the overall performance and efficiency from the comparison, the ensemble randomized maximum likelihood method is identified as the best choice of approximate Bayesian UQ approach~among the three ensemble methods evaluated here.
Two-body charmed baryon decays involving decuplet baryon in the quark-diagram scheme
Creators: name: Hsiao, Y. K.
name: Yi, Qian
name: Cai, Shu-Ting
name: Zhao, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the quark-diagram scheme, we study the charmed baryon decays of ${\bf B}_c\to {\bf B}^* M$, where ${\bf B}_c$ is $Λ_c^+$ or $Ξ_c^{+(0)}$, together with ${\bf B}^*$ ($M$) the decuplet baryon (pseudoscalar meson). It is found that only two $W$-exchange processes are allowed to contribute to ${\bf B}_c\to {\bf B}^* M$. Particularly, we predict ${\cal B}(Λ_c^+ \to Σ^{*0(+)} π^{+(0)})=(2.8\pm 0.4)\times 10^{-3}$, which respects the isospin symmetry. Besides, we take into account the $SU(3)$ flavor symmetry breaking, in order to explain the observation of ${\cal B}(Λ_c^+\to Σ^{*+}η)$. For the decays involving $Δ^{++}(uuu)$, we predict ${\cal B}(Λ_c^+\to Δ^{++} π^-,Ξ_c^+ \to Δ^{++} K^-) =(7.0\pm 1.4,13.5\pm 2.7)\times 10^{-4}$ as the largest branching fractions in the singly Cabibbo-suppressed $Λ_c^+,Ξ_c^+\to{\bf B}^*M$ decay channels, respectively, which are accessible to the LHCb, BELLEII and BESIII experiments.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure, 3 tables, version to appear in EPJC
Collision of a Hard Ball with Singular Points of the Boundary
Creators: name: Attarchi, Hassan
name: Bunimovich, Leonid A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Recently were introduced physical billiards where a moving particle is a hard sphere rather than a point as in standard mathematical billiards. It has been shown that in the same billiard tables the physical billiards may have totally different dynamics than mathematical billiards. This difference appears if the boundary of a billiard table has visible singularities (internal corners if the billiard table is two-dimensional), i.e. the particle may collide with these singular points. Here, we consider the collision of a hard ball with a visible singular point and demonstrate that the motion of the smooth ball after collision with a visible singular point is indeed the one that was used in the studies of physical billiards. So such collision is equivalent to the elastic reflection of hard ball's center off a sphere with the center at the singular point and the same radius as the radius of the moving particle.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
千年的中庸社会主义在中国.pdf
Creators: name: Tian, Tao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 160609 Political Theory and Political Philosophy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History

description: 中国历史社会是否存在一种未知的原生的生产方式？现存的研究主要运用马克思基于欧洲社会历史所提出的生产方式理论和基于部分亚洲国家提出亚细亚生产方式理论来解释中国历史社会，但忽略了对中国历史社会中原生的生产方式的研究。为了探索这个问题，本文采用系统性的实证研究，按照时间序列分析了中国从商朝至今（除春秋战国、三国、南北朝和五代十国时期外）的土地所有制形式和生产关系以及他们的组合所反应的生产方式。根据研究的结果，一种未被马克思发现的原生的生产方式存在于中国历代社会，并成为了商朝和1978年后的中国人民共和国时期的社会形态。本文将其命名为中庸社会主义。如《诗经》所载的“溥天之下莫非王土”，中庸社会主义生产方式的核心特征是带劳工用益物权的生产资料国家所有制，即国家行使生产资料的所有权与处分权并赋予劳工生产资料的用益物权。其主要的生产关系为自雇、雇佣和租借。中庸社会主义也许是中国社会稳定持久的底层组织逻辑。
Zero modes in a system of Aharonov--Bohm solenoids on the Lobachevsky plane
Creators: name: Geyler, V. A.
name: Stovicek, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a spin 1/2 charged particle on the Lobachevsky plane subjected to a magnetic field corresponding to a discrete system of Aharonov-Bohm solenoids. Let $H^+$ and $H^-$ be the two components of the Pauli operator for spin up and down, respectively. We show that neither $H^+$ nor $H^-$ has a zero mode if the number of solenoids is finite. On the other hand, a construction is described of an infinite periodic system of solenoids for which either $H^+$ or $H^-$ has zero modes depending on the value of the flux carried by the solenoids.
Spinon-Holon binding in $t-J$ model
Creators: name: Ng, Tai-Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a phenomenological model, we discuss the consequences of spinon-holon binding in the U(1) slave-boson approach to $t-J$ model. Within a small $x$ ($x=$ hole concentration) expansion, we show that spinon-holon binding produces a pseudo-gap normal state with a segmented Fermi surface and the superconducting state is formed by opening an "additional" d-wave gap on the segmented Fermi surface. The d-wave gap merge with the pseudo-gap smoothly as temperature $T\to0$. The quasi-particles in the superconducting state are coupled to external electromagnetic field with a coupling constant of order $x^γ$ where $0\leqγ\leq1/2$, depending on the strength of the effective spinon-holon binding potential.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
FARM DECISION-MAKING IN A MULTIFUNCTIONAL CONTEXT: THE CASE OF CONVENTIONAL AND ORGANIC FARMING IN KERKINI DISTRICT, GREECE
Creators: name: Vassalos, Michael
name: Dillon, Carl R.
name: Karanikolas, Pavlos
name: Vassalos, Michael
name: Dillon, Carl R.
name: Karanikolas, Pavlos
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Farm Management
subject: Greek farming
subject: Multifunctionality of farming
subject: Farm
subject: Farm decision making and age of farmers

description: Multifuncionality has become a central concern at both conceptual and empirical levels. In this study, a comparative evaluation of the economic performance of conventional and multifunctional farms (mainly organic farms) was conducted for Lake Kerkini region (North Greece) with the use of mixed integer non-linear programming method. Economic performance was evaluated in terms of farm income, resource allocation, production level etc. The results indicate that multifunctional farms have overall better economic performance and young farm managers are keener to adopt multifunctional farming than the older ones.
Individual Tooth Detection and Identification from Dental Panoramic X-Ray Images via Point-wise Localization and Distance Regularization
Creators: name: Chung, Minyoung
name: Lee, Jusang
name: Park, Sanguk
name: Lee, Minkyung
name: Lee, Chae Eun
name: Lee, Jeongjin
name: Shin, Yeong-Gil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68U10

description: Dental panoramic X-ray imaging is a popular diagnostic method owing to its very small dose of radiation. For an automated computer-aided diagnosis system in dental clinics, automatic detection and identification of individual teeth from panoramic X-ray images are critical prerequisites. In this study, we propose a point-wise tooth localization neural network by introducing a spatial distance regularization loss. The proposed network initially performs center point regression for all the anatomical teeth (i.e., 32 points), which automatically identifies each tooth. A novel distance regularization penalty is employed on the 32 points by considering $L_2$ regularization loss of Laplacian on spatial distances. Subsequently, teeth boxes are individually localized using a cascaded neural network on a patch basis. A multitask offset training is employed on the final output to improve the localization accuracy. Our method successfully localizes not only the existing teeth but also missing teeth; consequently, highly accurate detection and identification are achieved. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm outperforms state-of-the-art approaches by increasing the average precision of teeth detection by 15.71% compared to the best performing method. The accuracy of identification achieved a precision of 0.997 and recall value of 0.972. Moreover, the proposed network does not require any additional identification algorithm owing to the preceding regression of the fixed 32 points regardless of the existence of the teeth.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
RURAL DEVELOPMENT NETWORK AND TERRITORIAL COMPETITIVENESS
Creators: name: Popovic, Vesna
name: Katic, Branko
name: Zivanovic Miljkovic, Jelena
name: Popovic, Vesna
name: Katic, Branko
name: Zivanovic Miljkovic, Jelena
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: International Development
subject: Territorial competitiveness
subject: Rural networking
subject: Capacity of local actors
subject: Rural development support
subject: Kolubara–Mačva-Podrinje region

description: In this paper, as a case-study, the authors examine development potentials and capacity building of local actors in one of the future NUTS III regions of Serbia, functional region Kolubara–Mačva-Podrinje, that encompass 14 municipalities of Kolubara and Mačva districts. The results of the situation analysis, including SWOT matrix, indicate local actors’ animation and its regional networking as one of the basic factors of territorial development.
HOW DO PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS SELECT COMPETITIVE AGRICULTURAL R&D PROJECTS? - THE CASE OF AN ITALIAN REGION
Creators: name: Materia, Valentina Cristiana
name: Esposti, Roberto
name: Materia, Valentina Cristiana
name: Esposti, Roberto
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Public Economics
subject: Public Agricultural R&D Funding
subject: Random Utility Model
subject: Logit Model

description: This paper analyses, through a Random Utility Model (RUM), how a public institution selects among competitive agricultural R&D projects on the basis of observable distinctive features. In particular, we aim at verifying if, which and how other criteria, beyond the pure scientific value, are decisive for selection. From such information, like cost, duration, etc., the institution must infer about the unobservable actual ability, effort and reliability of the scientists themselves. Such analytical framework is empirically applied to a real case, the agricultural R&D activity funded by the Emilia-Romagna Region (Italy) between 2001 and 2006.
Mixed-State Thermodynamics of Superconductors with Moderately Large Paramagnetic Effects
Creators: name: Adachi, H.
name: Ichioka, M.
name: Machida, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Effects of Pauli paramagnetism on thermodynamic quantities in a vortex state, such as the specific heat $C$ and magnetization $M$, are studied using the quasiclassical Eilenberger formalism. We demonstrate that with an increase of paramagnetic depairing effect, the sigh of the curvature of the field dependence of $C$ changes from negative to positive, and that the Maki parameter $κ_2$ becomes an increasing function of temperature. Our results provide a natural explanation for the unusual field dependence of $C$ seen in CeCoIn$_5$ in terms of the paramagnetic effect.
description: Published in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 74, 2181 (2005)
Additional file 1 of Barriers and facilitators of medicines reconciliation at transitions of care in Ireland – a qualitative study
Creators: name: Redmond, Patrick
name: Munir, Khalid
name: Oludare Alabi
name: Tamasine Grimes
name: Clyne, Barbara
name: Hughes, Carmel
name: Fahey, Tom
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1.
On Hidden Symmetries of a Super Gauge Theory and Twistor String Theory
Creators: name: Wolf, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss infinite-dimensional hidden symmetry algebras (and hence an infinite number of conserved nonlocal charges) of the N-extented self-dual super Yang-Mills equations for general N\leq4 by using the supertwistor correspondence. Furthermore, by enhancing the supertwistor space, we construct the N-extended self-dual super Yang-Mills hierarchies, which describe infinite sets of graded Abelian symmetries. We also show that the open topological B-model with the enhanced supertwistor space as target manifold will describe the hierarchies. Furthermore, these hierarchies will in turn -- by a supersymmetric extension of Ward's conjecture -- reduce to the super hierarchies of integrable models in D<4 dimensions.
description: v3: 1+68 pages, harvmac, typos fixed and one comment added
Isocurvature modes: joint analysis of the CMB power spectrum and bispectrum
Creators: name: Montandon, Thomas
name: Patanchon, Guillaume
name: van Tent, Bartjan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a joint analysis of the power spectrum and the bispectrum of the CMB temperature and polarization anisotropies to improve the constraints on isocurvature modes. We construct joint likelihoods, both for the existing Planck data, and to make forecasts for the future LiteBIRD and CMB-S4 experiments. We assume a general two-field inflation model with five free parameters, leading to one isocurvature mode (which can be CDM density, neutrino density or neutrino velocity) arbitrarily correlated with the adiabatic mode. We theoretically assess in which cases (of detecting and/or fixing parameters) improvements can be expected, to guide our subsequent numerical analyses. We find that for Planck, which detected neither isocurvature modes nor primordial non-Gaussianity, the joint analysis does not improve the constraints in the general case. However, if we fix additional parameters in the model, the improvements can be highly significant depending on the chosen parameter values. For LiteBIRD+CMB-S4 we study in which regions of parameter space compatible with the Planck results the joint analysis will improve the constraints or the significance of a detection. We find that, while for CDM isocurvature this region is very small, for the neutrino isocurvature modes it is much larger. In particular for neutrino velocity it can be about half of the Planck-allowed region, where the joint analysis reduces the isocurvature error bars by up to 70%. In addition the joint analysis can also improve the error bars of some of the standard cosmological parameters, by up to 30% for $θ_{MC}$ for example, by breaking the degeneracies with the correlation parameter between adiabatic and isocurvature modes.
description: 41 pages, 13 figures
Interferometric Observation of the Highly Polarized SiO Maser Emission from the $v=1, J=5-4$ Transition Associated with VY Canis Majoris
Creators: name: Shinnaga, Hiroko
name: Moran, James M.
name: Young, Ken H.
name: Ho, Paul T. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We used the Submillimeter Array to image the SiO maser emission in the $v=1$, \$J=5-4$ transition associated with the peculiar red supergiant VY Canis Majoris. We identified seven maser components and measured their relative positions and linear polarization properties. Five of the maser components are coincident to within about 150 mas ($\sim$ 200 AU at the distance of 1.5 kpc); most of them may originate in the circumstellar envelope at a radius of about 50 mas from the star along with the SiO masers in the lowest rotational transitions. Our measurements show that two of the maser components may be offset from the inner stellar envelope (at the 3$σ$ level of significance) and may be part of a larger bipolar outflow associated with VY CMa identified by Shinnaga et al. The strongest maser feature at a velocity of 35.9 kms$^{-1}$ has a 60 percent linear polarization, and its polarization direction is aligned with the bipolar axis. Such a high degree of polarization suggests that maser inversion is due to radiative pumping. Five of the other maser features have significant linear polarization.
description: 13 pages in total, 3 figures, 1 table; last two paragraphs has been replaced; accepted for publication in the ApJL; Also available at http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/~hshinnaga/hshinnaga-sma-vycma-sio54v1.pdf and http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/~hshinnaga/hshinnaga-sma-vycma-sio54v1.ps
GelTip: A Finger-shaped Optical Tactile Sensor for Robotic Manipulation
Creators: name: Gomes, Daniel Fernandes
name: Lin, Zhonglin
name: Luo, Shan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Sensing contacts throughout the fingers is an essential capability for a robot to perform manipulation tasks in cluttered environments. However, existing tactile sensors either only have a flat sensing surface or a compliant tip with a limited sensing area. In this paper, we propose a novel optical tactile sensor, the GelTip, that is shaped as a finger and can sense contacts on any location of its surface. The sensor captures high-resolution and color-invariant tactile images that can be exploited to extract detailed information about the end-effector's interactions against manipulated objects. Our extensive experiments show that the GelTip sensor can effectively localise the contacts on different locations of its finger-shaped body, with a small localisation error of approximately 5 mm, on average, and under 1 mm in the best cases. The obtained results show the potential of the GelTip sensor in facilitating dynamic manipulation tasks with its all-round tactile sensing capability. The sensor models and further information about the GelTip sensor can be found at http://danfergo.github.io/geltip.
The Direct and Indirect Effects of ‘Locally Grown’ on Consumers’ Attitudes towards Agri-Food Products
Creators: name: Dentoni, Domenico
name: Tonsor, Glynn T.
name: Calantone, Roger J.
name: Peterson, H. Christopher
name: Dentoni, Domenico
name: Tonsor, Glynn T.
name: Calantone, Roger J.
name: Peterson, H. Christopher
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: credence attributes
subject: locally grown
subject: inferences
subject: attitudes

description: Recent agricultural economics literature has largely analyzed consumers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for many credence attributes, including place of origin, organic, locally grown, environment friendly, fair trade, and animal welfare. In this study, we instead attempt to analyze why consumers value “locally grown,” which is a credence attribute receiving increasing attention in the market. Specifically, we propose a distinction between the direct effect and the indirect effect of “locally grown” on consumers’ attitudes towards agri-food products to explain consumers’ preferences for locally grown products. We collect data from an experiment with university students and analyze the data with a structural equation modeling methodology.
Additional file 4 of Evaluating hearing performance with cochlear implants within the same patient using daily randomization and imaging-based fitting - The ELEPHANT study
Creators: name: Lambriks, L. J. G.
name: M. Van Hoof
name: J. A. Debruyne
name: M. Janssen
name: J. Chalupper
name: K. A. Van Der Heijden
name: J. R. Hof
name: C. A. Hellingman
name: E. L. J. George
name: E. M. J. Devocht
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4. SPIRIT 2013 checklist: Recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents.
Why Escape Is Faster Than Expected
Creators: name: Attarchi, Hassan
name: Bunimovich, Leonid A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider chaotic (hyperbolic) dynamical systems which have a generating Markov partition. Then, open dynamical systems are built by making one element of a Markov partition a hole through which orbits escape. We compare various estimates of the escape rate which correspond to a physical picture of leaking in the entire phase space. Moreover, we uncover a reason why the escape rate is faster than expected, which is the convexity of the function defining escape rate. Exact computations are present for the skewed tent map and Arnold's cat map.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure
Solitons in relativistic mean field models
Creators: name: Fogaça, D. A.
name: Navarra, F. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Assuming that the nucleus can be treated as a perfect fluid we study the conditions for the formation and propagation of Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) solitons in nuclear matter. The KdV equation is obtained from the Euler and continuity equations in nonrelativistic hydrodynamics. The existence of these solitons depends on the nuclear equation of state, which, in our approach, comes from well known relativistic mean field models. We reexamine early works on nuclear solitons, replacing the old equations of state by new ones, based on QHD and on its variants. Our analysis suggests that KdV solitons may indeed be formed in the nucleus with a width which, in some cases, can be smaller than one fermi.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure
Country of Origin Labeling: Evaluating the Impacts on U.S. and World Markets
Creators: name: Jones, Keithly G.
name: Somwaru, Agapi
name: Whitaker, James B.
name: Jones, Keithly G.
name: Somwaru, Agapi
name: Whitaker, James B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: country of origin labeling
subject: agricultural trade
subject: global general equilibrium

description: A provision of the Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008 requires country of origin labeling (COOL) for certain agricultural commodities. To comply with the law, producers, processors, and retailers face additional production costs associated with labeling, separating, and tracking commodities. Using estimated costs provided by the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS), we simulate the impacts of mandatory COOL on U.S. and global agricultural markets using a global static general equilibrium model (STAGEM). The results show resource adjustments that lead to decreases in production, consumption, and trade flows. The results assume no demand premium for labeled commodities relative to unlabeled commodities.
Quantum Hall Effect In Bilayer Systems And The Noncommutative Plane: A Toy Model Approach
Creators: name: Basu, B.
name: Ghosh, Subir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have presented a quantum mechanical toy model for the study of Coulomb interactions in Quantum Hall (QH) system. Inclusion of Coulomb interaction is essential for the study of {\it{bilayer}} QH system and our model can simulate it, in the compound state, in a perturbative framework. We also show that in the noncommutative plane, the Coulomb interaction is modified at a higher order in the noncommutativity parameter $θ$, and only if $θ$ varies from layer to layer in the QH system.
description: Slightly expanded version, Eqs. (18) and (19) added, Conclusions unchanged, To appear in Phys.Lett.A
Nonlinear Hall effect in Weyl semimetals induced by chiral anomaly
Creators: name: Li, Rui-Hao
name: Heinonen, Olle G.
name: Burkov, Anton A.
name: Zhang, Steven S. -L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We predict a nonlinear Hall effect in certain Weyl semimetals with broken inversion symmetry. When the energy dispersions about pairs of Weyl nodes are skewed -- the Weyl cones are "tilted" -- the concerted actions of the anomalous velocity and the chiral anomaly give rise to the nonlinear Hall effect. This Hall conductivity is linear in both electric and magnetic fields, and depends critically on the tilting of the Weyl cones. We also show that this effect does not rely on a finite Berry curvature dipole, in contrast to the intrinsic quantum nonlinear Hall effect that was recently observed in type-II Weyl semimetals.
description: v2: 12 pages, 4 figures; version accepted for publication in PRB
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Creators: name: ÐÐ½ÑÐ·ÐµÐ²Ð°, ÐÐ°ÑÐ¸Ñ
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2023
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The economics of trade, biofuel, and the environment
Creators: name: Hochman, Gal
name: Sexton, Steven E.
name: Zilberman, David
name: Hochman, Gal
name: Sexton, Steven E.
name: Zilberman, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: trade
subject: biofuel
subject: environment
subject: globalization
subject: capital flows
subject: technical changes
subject: household production

description: The introduction of renewable biofuels was associated with global food crisis and unintended environmental consequences. This paper incorporates energy environment and agricultural sector to the classic Hecksher-Ohlin model to address these issues. A household production function model was introduced to model consumer energy choices and concern about externalities related to climate change and open space. The conceptual model links energy and food markets and derives guidelines for the development of climate change and land-use policies. The results suggest that globalization and capital flows increase demand for energy, leading to decline in food production, increase in food prices, and loss of environmental land. Globally optimal outcomes may require introducing an emission tax and a land-use tax. The introduction of these policies may undermine the factor price equalization theorem. Policies that allow enhancing either agriculture productivity (e.g., agriculture biotechnology) or biofuel productivity (e.g., second-generation biofuels), are shown to lessen the resource constraint associated with the cost of introducing renewable energy.
Effects of Country of Origin Labeling in the U.S. Meat Industry with Imperfectly Competitive Processors
Creators: name: Chung, Chanjin
name: Zhang, Tong
name: Peel, Derrell S.
name: Chung, Chanjin
name: Zhang, Tong
name: Peel, Derrell S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: checkoff
subject: country of origin labeling
subject: imperfect competition
subject: price elasticity

description: The study examines the impacts of implementing mandatory country of origin labeling (COOL) on producer and consumer welfare in the U.S. meat industry. The equilibrium displacement model developed in this study includes twenty-nine equations representing retail-, processing-, and farm-level equilibrium conditions for the beef, pork, and chicken industries. Unlike previous studies, the model allows trade between domestic- and foreign-origin products and considers the imperfectly competitive market structure of meat processers. Empirical results show that without a significant increase in domestic meat demand, producers are not expected to benefit from the mandatory COOL implementation. Results of a sensitivity analysis indicate that consumers tend to bear more COOL costs than producers, as the own-price elasticity becomes more inelastic, and that producers’ benefits increase as the elasticity of domestic demand becomes more elastic with respect to the price of imported products. The existence of market power in upstream and downstream markets of processors negatively affects both consumer and producer surplus. One implication of our findings is that U.S. beef and pork producers’ promotion and advertising programs would be successful in expanding domestic demand when the programs make the own-price elasticity of domestic demand more inelastic and the cross-price elasticity of domestic demand more elastic with respect to import price.
Quench dynamics of a weakly interacting disordered Bose gas in momentum space
Creators: name: Scoquart, Thibault
name: Wellens, Thomas
name: Delande, Dominique
name: Cherroret, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study the out-of-equilibrium dynamics in momentum space of a weakly interacting disordered Bose gas launched with a finite velocity. In the absence of interactions, coherent multiple scattering gives rise to a background of diffusive particles, on top of which a coherent backscattering interference emerges. We revisit this scenario in the presence of interactions, using a diagrammatic quantum transport theory. We find that the dynamics is governed by coupled kinetic equations describing the thermalization of the diffusive and coherent components of the gas. This phenomenon leads to a destruction of coherent backscattering, well described by an exponential relaxation whose rate is controlled by the particle collision time. These predictions are confirmed by numerical simulations.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures
Die Reparatur von Topoisomerase 2 cleavage complexes in Pflanzen
Creators: name: Hacker, Leonie
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2021
Subjects: DNA-Reparatur
DNA-Protein crosslink
Etoposid
Topoisomerase
Tyrosyl-DNA-Phosphodiesterase
TDP2
WSS1A

description: DNA-Protein-crosslinks (DPC) stellen eine große Gefahr für die Genomintegrität dar, da sie essentielle zelluläre Prozesse wie die Transkription, die Replikation, oder die Rekombination sterisch behindern. Topoisomerase 2 cleavage complexes (TOP2cc) stellen einen besonders schwerwiegenden und komplexen DNA-Schaden dar, da das Protein, die Topoisomerase 2, bei diesem Typus von DPC mit einem Doppelstrangbruch (DSB) assoziiert ist. Dementsprechend bedarf es mindestens zwei verschiedener Schritte um diese Art von DPC zu reparieren. Im ersten Schritt muss zunächst der Proteinanteil entfernt werden, damit in einem zweiten Schritt der verbleibende DSB geschlossen werden kann. In Säugern wurde die TOP2cc Reparatur bereits näher charakterisiert und es konnte gezeigt werden, dass die Tyrosyl-DNA-Phosphodiesterase 2 (TDP2) eine zentrale Rolle in der TOP2cc Reparatur einnimmt. In dieser Arbeit wurde das pflanzliche TDP2 Homolog erstmals auf seine Funktion in der DNAReparatur charakterisiert. Hierbei konnte gezeigt werden, dass TDP2 spezifisch in der pflanzlichen TOP2cc Reparatur agiert und dass es, im Gegensatz zum Homolog aus Säugern, nicht in die TOP1cc Reparatur involviert ist. Weiterhin konnte durch Doppelmutantenanalysen gezeigt werden, dass die Protease WSS1A parallel zu TDP2 in der TOP2cc Reparatur agiert. Im Gegensatz dazu, scheint die Endonuklease MUS81, welche der Hauptfaktor in der pflanzlichen TOP1cc Reparatur ist, nur eine untergeordnete Rolle in der TOP2cc Reparatur zu spielen und für die Tyrosyl-DNA-Phosphodiesterase 1 (TDP1) konnte keine Funktion in der pflanzlichen TOP2cc Reparatur nachgewiesen werden. Weiterhin konnte gezeigt werden, dass der DSB nach TDP2 vermittelten Entfernung von TOP2 durch den klassischen non-homologous end joining (classical NHEJ, cNHEJ) Mechanismus fehlerfrei repariert werden kann, während der DSB nach der WSS1A vermittelten Proteolyse von TOP2 durch den fehlerbehafteten alternativen NHEJ (aNHEJ) Mechanismus prozessiert wird. Somit schützt TDP2 die Integrität des Pflanzengenoms durch die fehlerfreie Reparatur von TOP2cc. Des Weiteren konnte im Rahmen dieser Arbeit gezeigt werden, dass die Protease WSS1A eine essenzielle Rolle in der Reparatur replikationsassoziierter Schäden einnimmt und dadurch der Entstehung von replikativen DSB vorbeugt. Hierbei ist WSS1A sowohl an der Entfernung Proteinassoziierter Schäden beteiligt, wodurch die Kontinuität der Replikation gewährleistet wird, als auch am Schutz der angehaltenen Replikationsgabel.
Global Welfare Impacts of U.S. Meat Promotion Activities
Creators: name: Henneberry, Shida Rastegari
name: Mutondo, Joao E.
name: Brorsen, B. Wade
name: Henneberry, Shida Rastegari
name: Mutondo, Joao E.
name: Brorsen, B. Wade
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: equilibrium displacement model
subject: international trade
subject: beef and pork promotion activities

description: An equilibrium displacement model of the U.S. meat markets is used to measure the potential impacts of promotion investment, differentiating meats by types and by supply source, taking into account the U.S. participation in global meat markets, and considering imperfect competition in the meat industry. The increase in U.S. producer welfare resulting from a 10 percent increase in promotion ranges from -$1.29 million to $2.60 million for U.S. beef producers and from -$0.96 million to $1.67 million for U.S. pork producers, depending primarily on the advertising elasticity used.
PEDAGOGICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS' CREATIVE ABILITIES
Creators: name: Fayzullayeva, Sarvinoz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This article discusses today's current news about the pedagogical and psychological features of the development of creative abilities of students. Defects and problems are identified. Also in the article, the author gives general conclusions on the empirical research method he conducted.
Financial Benefits of Florida Generic Orange Juice Marketing
Creators: name: Thomas, Arthur M.
name: Canter, Neil
name: Thomas, Arthur M.
name: Canter, Neil
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: marketing mix
subject: marketing spend optimization
subject: checkoff program
subject: orange juice
subject: benefit to cost ratio

description: The benefits to Florida orange growers of generic orange juice advertising are assessed using additive, nonlinear, regional econometric models, measuring the impact of category and brand marketing efforts on category demand while controlling for pricing and various other factors. The study shows that generic marketing efforts increased orange juice category demand by 8.3 percent, resulting in increased orange prices and a benefit-to-cost ratio to Florida growers of 3.5 to 1. Branded promotional activity was found to primarily fuel brand switching and pantry-loading, with only modest impacts on overall category demand.
A no-go theorem for accelerating cosmologies from M-theory compactifications
Creators: name: Teo, Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is known that four-dimensional cosmologies exhibiting transient phases of acceleration can be obtained by compactifications of low-energy effective string or M-theory on time-varying manifolds. In the four-dimensional theory, the acceleration can be attributed to a quintessential scalar field with a positive effective potential. Recently, Townsend has conjectured that the potentials obtained by such compactifications cannot give rise to late-time accelerating universes which possess future event horizons. Such a `no-go' result would be desirable, since current string or M-theory seems unable to provide an adequate description of space-times with future event horizons. In this letter, we provide a proof of this conjecture for a class of warped compactifications with a single scalar modulus parametrising the volume of the compactification manifold.
description: 11 pages, LaTeX; minor changes and clarifications made
Additional file 3 of Evaluating hearing performance with cochlear implants within the same patient using daily randomization and imaging-based fitting - The ELEPHANT study
Creators: name: Lambriks, L. J. G.
name: M. Van Hoof
name: J. A. Debruyne
name: M. Janssen
name: J. Chalupper
name: K. A. Van Der Heijden
name: J. R. Hof
name: C. A. Hellingman
name: E. L. J. George
name: E. M. J. Devocht
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3. Time and events schedule.
Analysis and optimal velocity control of a stochastic convective Cahn-Hilliard equation
Creators: name: Scarpa, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35K25, 35R60, 60H15, 80A22

description: A Cahn-Hilliard equation with stochastic multiplicative noise and a random convection term is considered. The model describes isothermal phase-separation occurring in a moving fluid, and accounts for the randomness appearing at the microscopic level both in the phase-separation itself and in the flow-inducing process. The call for a random component in the convection term stems naturally from applications, as the fluid's stirring procedure is usually caused by mechanical or magnetic devices. Well-posedness of the state system is addressed and optimisation of a standard tracking type cost with respect to the velocity control is then studied. Existence of optimal controls is proved and the Gâteaux-Fréchet differentiability of the control-to-state map is shown. Lastly, the corresponding adjoint backward problem is analysed, and first-order necessary conditions for optimality are derived in terms of a variational inequality involving the intrinsic adjoint variables.
description: 38 pages
The Living Murray NSW Market Purchase Measure: A survey of participants in permanent water trading for the environment
Creators: name: Walpole, Sandra C.
name: Enders, G.R.
name: Roe, M.L.
name: Walpole, Sandra C.
name: Enders, G.R.
name: Roe, M.L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: The Living Murray Initiative was established to recover 500 Gigalitres in average annual flows to address the declining environmental health of the Murray-Darling river system. The NSW Market Purchase Measure was initiated by the New South Wales Government as part of The Living Murray Initiative with the aim of purchasing up to 125 Gigalitres of high and medium reliability entitlements within the NSW southern connected part of the Murray-Darling Basin. The commencement of this measure provided an opportunity to survey participants in permanent water trading for an environmental outcome to determine general land use and socio-economic information as well as specific information regarding their current water use, future intentions and their opinion of the implementation of the water purchase process. The results of the survey will also assist in understanding the nature of the participants in this process relative to the broader irrigator/regional population. Importantly, the survey outcomes will help to improve understanding of participant circumstances and provide important lessons for future water purchase programs.
Proposed Model of the Giant Thermal Hall Effect in Two-Dimensional Superconductors: An Extension to the Superconducting Fluctuations Regime
Creators: name: Kavokin, A. V.
name: Galperin, Y. M.
name: Varlamov, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the thermodynamic approach for the description of the thermal Hall effect in the vicinity of a superconducting phase transition, in the fluctuation dominated regime. We show that the Hall heat conductivity is proportional to the product of temperature derivatives of the chemical potential and of the magnetization of the system. We argue that the latter derivative shows the strong singularity in the vicinity of the phase transition, while the former does not contain the characteristic for fermionic systems smallness (T /EF ), what additionally increases the effect. We derive the analytical formula predicting the temperature dependence of the thermal Hall conductivity in the vicinity of the critical temperature for different magnetic fields. Moreover, we study the phenomenon in the regime of quantum fluctuations, in the vicinity of the second critical field and at very low temperatures. We demonstrate how it fades away in a full agreement with the third law of thermodynamics. The developed approach qualitatively explains the recently observed giant thermal Hall effect in cuprates [1].
description: 5 pages, 2 figures