cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Review: A critical evaluation of arguments opposing male circumcision for HIV prevention in developed countries
Creators: name: Banerjee, Joya
name: Morris, Brian J.
name: Halperin, Daniel T.
name: Weiss, Helen A.
name: Zoloth, Laurie
name: Klausner, Jeffrey D.
name: Bailey, Robert C.
name: Waskett, Jake H.
name: Leibowitz, Arleen
name: Hankins, Catherine A.
name: Wamai, Richard G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: A potential impediment to evidence-based policy development on medical male circumcision (MC) for HIV prevention in all countries worldwide is the uncritical acceptance by some of arguments used by opponents of this procedure. Here we evaluate recent opinion-pieces of 13 individuals opposed to MC. We find that these statements misrepresent good studies, selectively cite references, some containing fallacious information, and draw erroneous conclusions. In marked contrast, the scientific evidence shows MC to be a simple, low-risk procedure with very little or no adverse long-term effect on sexual function, sensitivity, sensation during arousal or overall satisfaction. Unscientific arguments have been recently used to drive ballot measures aimed at banning MC of minors in the USA, eliminate insurance coverage for medical MC for low-income families, and threaten large fines and incarceration for health care providers. Medical MC is a preventative health measure akin to immunisation, given its protective effect against HIV infection, genital cancers and various other conditions. Protection afforded by neonatal MC against a diversity of common medical conditions starts in infancy with urinary tract infections and extends throughout life. Besides protection in adulthood against acquiring HIV, MC also reduces morbidity and mortality from multiple other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and genital cancers in men and their female sexual partners. It is estimated that over their lifetime one-third of uncircumcised males will suffer at least one foreskin-related medical condition. The scientific evidence indicates that medical MC is safe and effective. Its favourable risk/benefit ratio and cost/benefit support the advantages of medical MC.
The importance of HIV prevention messaging for orphaned youth in Zimbabwe
Creators: name: Haney, Erica
name: Singh, Kavita
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The AIDS epidemic has contributed to a drastic increase in the number of orphans in Zimbabwe. Female adolescent orphans are particularly in jeopardy of contracting HIV due to disadvantages including extreme poverty, low education, and the absent of parental oversight which can lead to higher risk-taking sexual behaviors. By understanding where girls receive education about HIV and who they rely on for information, organizations can effectively modify existing programs to better target this at-risk population. For this study a household survey was conducted which included 216 orphans and 324 non-orphans (n=540), aged 12–17 years old, in the resource-poor setting of Hwange District, Zimbabwe. The aims of this paper were to examine the differences between orphans and non-orphans in HIV prevention message exposure, level of motivation for learning about HIV, and communication with caregivers about safe sex. The household survey revealed that younger orphans, aged 12–15 years old, were more motivated to learn about HIV and had greater HIV messaging exposure in school than non-orphans. These exposure and differences in the levels of motivation between groups dissipated at older ages. Our research also discovered less caregiver communication among orphans than non-orphans. Our findings suggest that HIV programs targeting orphans need to do a better job at keeping older orphans interested in HIV prevention at a time when it matters most. Furthermore, intervention strategies that provide caregiver support are instrumental in effectively delivering prevention messages to girls at home.
Additional file 1 of All together now – patient engagement, patient empowerment, and associated terms in personal healthcare
Creators: name: Hickmann, Emily
name: Richter, Peggy
name: Schlieter, Hannes
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Final set of 17 articles derived from the systematic literature review.
Consistent condom use among men with non-marital partners in four sub-Saharan African countries
Creators: name: Luseno, Winnie K.
name: Speizer, Ilene S.
name: Reynolds, Heidi W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Data from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) for Namibia, Swaziland, and Zambia and the AIDS Indicator Survey (AIS) from Tanzania were used to examine the influence of marital status and number of partners on consistent condom use among men with casual sexual partnerships in four generalized HIV epidemic settings. We restrict the sample to the 26% (Zambia), 29% (Tanzania), 35% (Swaziland), and 42% (Namibia) of men, who, in the last 12 months before the survey, had any non-marital/non-cohabiting (i.e., casual) sexual partners. We use “condom always used with any partner in the last 12 months” as a dichotomous dependent measure of consistent condom use. Analyses were stratified by country. Of men with casual partners, 41% (Zambia) to 70% (Namibia) used a condom every time with at least one partner. The majority of men were unmarried/non-cohabiting with one casual partner in the last year. In Swaziland and Zambia, multivariate results suggest that unmarried/non-cohabiting men with one casual partner had significantly lower odds than married/cohabiting men with casual partners to use condoms consistently (Odds ratio [OR] = 0.56, p=0.01 and OR = 0.41, p<0.001, respectively.). In Namibia, unmarried/non-cohabiting men with two or more casual partners had significantly greater odds than married/cohabiting men with casual partners to use condoms consistently (OR = 2.80, p<0.01). With some exceptions by country, higher education, religious group, wealth, having no children, knowing HIV results, having an STI, having one lifetime partner, and positive condom knowledge and beliefs also were significantly associated with using a condom every time with any partner. We conclude that consistent condom use remains an elusive goal even among men with casual sexual relationships. Condom use messages should be refined and targeted to men based on their number and types of relationships and combined with other messages to decrease concurrent relationships.
Quantum Advantage in Variational Bayes Inference
Creators: name: Miyahara, Hideyuki
name: Roychowdhury, Vwani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Variational Bayes (VB) inference algorithm is used widely to estimate both the parameters and the unobserved hidden variables in generative statistical models. The algorithm -- inspired by variational methods used in computational physics -- is iterative and can get easily stuck in local minima, even when classical techniques, such as deterministic annealing (DA), are used. We study a variational Bayes (VB) inference algorithm based on a non-traditional quantum annealing approach -- referred to as quantum annealing variational Bayes (QAVB) inference -- and show that there is indeed a quantum advantage to QAVB over its classical counterparts. In particular, we show that such better performance is rooted in key concepts from quantum mechanics: (i) the ground state of the Hamiltonian of a quantum system -- defined from the given variational Bayes (VB) problem -- corresponds to an optimal solution for the minimization problem of the variational free energy at very low temperatures; (ii) such a ground state can be achieved by a technique paralleling the quantum annealing process; and (iii) starting from this ground state, the optimal solution to the VB problem can be achieved by increasing the heat bath temperature to unity, and thereby avoiding local minima introduced by spontaneous symmetry breaking observed in classical physics based VB algorithms. We also show that the update equations of QAVB can be potentially implemented using $\lceil \log K \rceil$ qubits and $\mathcal{O} (K)$ operations per step. Thus, QAVB can match the time complexity of existing VB algorithms, while delivering higher performance.
(101025) Helen Mary Skinner
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
A Study of Dielectric Breakdown Along Insulators Surrounding Conductors in Liquid Argon
Creators: name: Lockwitz, Sarah
name: Jostlein, Hans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High voltage breakdown in liquid argon is an important concern in the design of liquid argon time projection chambers, which are often used as neutrino and dark matter detectors. We have made systematic measurements of breakdown voltages in liquid argon along insulators surrounding negative rod electrodes where the breakdown is initiated at the anode. The measurements were performed in an open cryostat filled with commercial grade liquid argon exposed to air, and not the ultra-pure argon required for electron drift. While not addressing all high voltage concerns in liquid argon, these measurements have direct relevance to the design of high voltage feedthroughs especially for averting the common problem of flash-over breakdown. The purpose of these tests is to understand the effects of materials, of breakdown path length, and of surface topology for this geometry and setup. We have found that the only material-specific effects are those due to their permittivity. We have found that the breakdown voltage has no dependence on the length of the exposed insulator. A model for the breakdown mechanism is presented that can help inform future designs.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures. Accepted to JINST
Gender equality and education: Increasing the uptake of HIV testing among married women in Kenya, Zambia and Zimbabwe
Creators: name: Singh, Kavita
name: Haney, Erica
name: Luseno, Winnie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Gender equality and education are being promoted as strategies to combat the HIV epidemic in Africa, but few studies have looked at the role of gender equality and education in the uptake of a vital service - HIV testing. This study looks at associations between education (a key input needed for gender equality) and key gender equality measures (financial decision-making and attitudes towards violence) with ever tested for HIV and tested for HIV in the past year. The study focused on currently married women ages 15–24 and 25–34 in three countries - Kenya, Zambia and Zimbabwe. The data came from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS). Logistic regression was used to study the role of gender equality and education on the HIV testing outcomes after controlling for both social and biological factors. Results indicated that education had a consistent positive relationship with testing for both age groups, and the associations were always significant for young women 15–24 (p<0.01). The belief that gender-based violence is unacceptable was positively associated with testing for women 25–34 in all three countries though the associations were only significant in Kenya (among women reporting ever being tested: OR 1.58, p<0.00; among women reporting being tested in the past year: OR 1.34, p<0.05) and Zambia (among women reporting ever being tested: OR 1.24, p<0.10; among women reporting being tested in the past year: OR 1.29, p< 0.05). High financial decision-making was associated with testing for women 25–34 in Zimbabwe only (among women reporting ever being tested: OR 1.66, p< 0.01). Overall the findings indicate that education and the promotion of gender equality are important strategies for increasing uptake of a vital HIV service, and thus are important tools for protecting girls and young women against HIV.
title: Region of interest standardisation for diffusion-weighted imaging of breast malignancies
Creators: name: Wielema, Mirjam
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Cancer

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) is currently used in addition to the standard DCE-T1 and T2 series in breast MRI. DWI acquires the diffusion or motion of hydrogen protons in a voxel due to Brownian motion and is most often quantified in the...
HIV risk behaviors and sociodemographic features of HIV-infected Latinos residing in a new Latino settlement area in the Southeastern United States
Creators: name: Napravnik, Sonia
name: Hightow-Weidman, Lisa
name: Barrington, Clare
name: Swygard, Heidi
name: Dennis, Ann M.
name: Valera, Erik
name: Eron, Joseph J.
name: Wheeler, Jennifer B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The Southeastern United States (US) has a rapidly growing Latino population, yet little is known about HIV-infected Latinos in the region. To help inform future prevention studies, we compared sociodemographic, clinical, and behavioral characteristics between immigrant and US-born HIV-infected Latinos using face-to-face interviews conducted at three clinics in North Carolina. Questions encompassed HIV testing, acculturation, sexual- and substance-related behaviors, and migration history. Behavioral data were compared with 451 black and white clinic patients. Differences were tested using Pearson’s and Kruskal–Wallis tests. Participants (n = 127) were primarily male (74%) and immigrants (82%). Most immigrants were Mexican (67%), had low acculturation scores (92%), and were diagnosed a median of 8 years (IQR 0–12) following immigration. Compared with US-born Latinos, immigrants had lower CD4 counts at clinic entry (median 187 vs. 371 cells/mm3) and were less likely to have graduated high school (49% vs. 78%) or have insurance (9% vs. 52%; all P < 0.05). Most immigrants identified as heterosexual (60%) and reported fewer lifetime partners than US-born Latinos (median 6 vs. 20; P = 0.001). Immigrant men were less likely to report sex with men than US-born men (43% vs. 81%; P = 0.005). Immigrant men also had similar risk behaviors to black men, and US-born Latino men exhibited behaviors that were more similar to white men in our clinic. At the time of survey, >90% of participants were receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) and most had achieved HIV RNA <50 copies/mL (62% immigrants vs. 76% US-born; P = 0.32). In conclusion, Latino immigrants were more likely to present with advanced disease, identify as heterosexual, and report different risk behaviors than US-born Latinos, yet receipt and response to ART were similar between the two groups. Prevention strategies should prioritize finding innovative methods to reach Latino immigrants for routine early testing regardless of risk stratification and include programs targeted toward the different needs of immigrant and US-born Latinos.
(101026) Nigel Henry Skinner
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The Role of Magnetic Fields in the Formation of the Filamentary Infrared Dark Cloud G11.11-0.12
Creators: name: Chen, Zhiwei
name: Sefako, Ramotholo
name: Yang, Yang
name: Jiang, Zhibo
name: Su, Yang
name: Zhang, Shaobo
name: Zhou, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the near-infrared polarimetric observations of G11.11-0.12 (hereafter G11) obtained with SIRPOL on the 1.4 m IRSF telescope. The starlight polarisation of the background stars reveals the on-sky component of magnetic fields in G11, and these are consistent with the field orientation observed from polarised dust emission at $850\,μ$m. The magnetic fields in G11 are perpendicular to the filament, and are independent of the filament's orientation relative to the Galactic plane. The field strength in the envelope of G11 is in the range $50-100\,μ$G, derived from two methods. The analyses of the magnetic fields and gas velocity dispersion indicate that the envelope of G11 is supersonic but sub-Alfv{é}nic. The critical mass-to-flux ratio in the envelope of G11 is close to 1 and increases to $\gtrsim 1$ on the spine of G11. The relative weights on the importance of magnetic fields, turbulence and gravity indicate that gravity dominates the dynamical state of G11, but with significant contribution from magnetic fields. The field strength, $|\mathbf{B}|$, increases slower than the gas density, $n$, from the envelope to the spine of G11, characterized by $|\mathbf{B}|\propto n^{0.3}$. The observed strength and orientation of magnetic fields in G11 imply that supersonic and sub-Alfv{é}nic gas flow is channelled by the strong magnetic fields and is assembled into filaments perpendicular to the magnetic fields. The formation of low-mass stars is enhanced in the filaments with high column density, in agreement with the excess of low-mass protostars detected in the densest regions of G11.
description: accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Main Journal; 16 pages, 10 figures
(101028) Frederick Noel Fargus
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Wide Field Multiband Imaging of Low Redshift Quasar Environments
Creators: name: Scott, Jennifer E.
name: Rafiee, Alireza
name: Bechtold, Jill
name: Ellingson, Erica
name: Thibodeau, Christopher
name: Richmond, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present photometry of the large scale environments of a sample of twelve broad line AGN with $0.06 < z < 0.37$ from deep images in the SDSS $u$, $g$, $r$, and $i$ filters taken with the 90Prime prime focus camera on the Steward Observatory Bok Telescope. We measure galaxy clustering around these AGN using two standard techniques: correlation amplitude (B$_{gq}$) and the two point correlation function. We find average correlation amplitudes for the 10 radio quiet objects in the sample equal to (9$\pm$18, 144$\pm$114, -39$\pm$56, 295$\pm$260) Mpc$^{1.77}$ in ($u$, $g$, $r$, $i$), all consistent with the expectation from galaxy clustering. Using a ratio of the galaxy-quasar cross-correlation function to the galaxy autocorrelation function, we calculate the relative bias of galaxies and AGN, $b_{gq}$. The bias in the $u$ band, $b_{gq}=3.08\pm0.51$ is larger compared to that calculated in the other bands, but it does not correlate with AGN luminosity, black hole mass, or AGN activity via the luminosity of the [OIII] emission line. Thus ongoing nuclear accretion activity is not reflected in the large scale environments from $\sim$10 h$^{-1}$ kpc to $\sim$0.5 h$^{-1}$ Mpc and may indicate a non-merger mode of AGN activity and/or a significant delay between galaxy mergers and nuclear activity in this sample of mostly radio quiet quasars.
description: 23 pages, 17 figures; Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal; Table 2 available as a machine readable table in online article
Additional file 2 of All together now – patient engagement, patient empowerment, and associated terms in personal healthcare
Creators: name: Hickmann, Emily
name: Richter, Peggy
name: Schlieter, Hannes
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Contradicting statements found in the systematic literature review.
Maximizing the impact of HIV prevention efforts: Interventions for couples
Creators: name: Lo, Ying Ru
name: Medley, Amy
name: Cohen, Myron
name: Bachanas, Pamela
name: Shaffer, Nathan
name: Baggaley, Rachel
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Despite efforts to increase access to HIV testing and counseling services, population coverage remains low. As a result, many people in sub-Saharan Africa do not know their own HIV status or the status of their sex partner(s). Recent evidence, however, indicates that as many as half of HIV-positive individuals in ongoing sexual relationships have an HIV-negative partner and that a significant proportion of new HIV infections in generalized epidemics occur within serodiscordant couples. Integrating couples HIV testing and counseling (CHTC) into routine clinic- and community-based services can significantly increase the number of couples where the status of both partners is known. Offering couples a set of evidence-based interventions once their HIV status has been determined can significantly reduce HIV incidence within couples and if implemented with sufficient scale and coverage, potentially reduce population-level HIV incidence as well. This article describes these interventions and their potential benefits.
Serostatus disclosure to sexual partners among people living with HIV: Examining the roles of partner characteristics and stigma
Creators: name: Przybyla, Sarahmona M.
name: Widman, Laura
name: Earp, Jo Anne
name: Grodensky, Catherine A.
name: Suchindran, Chirayath
name: Golin, Carol E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: HIV serostatus disclosure among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) is an important component of preventing HIV transmission to sexual partners. Due to barriers like stigma, however, many PLWHA do not disclose their serostatus to all sexual partners. This study explored differences in HIV serostatus disclosure based on sexual behavior subgroup [men who have sex with men (MSM), heterosexual men, and women], characteristics of the sexual relationship (relationship type and HIV serostatus of partner), and perceived stigma. We examined disclosure in a sample of 341 PLWHA: 138 MSM, 87 heterosexual men, and 116 heterosexual women who were enrolled in SafeTalk, a randomized, controlled trial of a safer sex intervention. We found that, overall, 79% of participants disclosed their HIV status to all sexual partners in the past 3 months. However, we found important differences in disclosure by subgroup and relationship characteristics. Heterosexual men and women were more likely to disclose their HIV status than MSM (86%, 85%, and 69%, respectively). Additionally, disclosure was more likely among participants with only primary partners than those with only casual or both casual and primary partners (92%, 54%, and 62%, respectively). Participants with only HIV-positive partners were also more likely to disclose than those with only HIV-negative partners, unknown serostatus partners, or partners of mixed serostatus (96%, 85%, 40%, and 60%, respectively). Finally, people who perceived more HIV-related stigma were less likely to disclose their HIV serostatus to partners, regardless of subgroup or relationship characteristics. These findings suggest that interventions to help PLWHA disclose, particularly to serodiscordant casual partners, are needed and will likely benefit from inclusion of stigma reduction components.
The effects of home-based HIV counseling and testing on HIV/AIDS stigma among individuals and community leaders in western Kenya: Evidence from a cluster-randomized trial 1,2
Creators: name: Low, Corinne
name: Plous, Evan
name: Ndege, Samson
name: Thirumurthy, Harsha
name: Rono, Winnie
name: Goldstein, Markus
name: Kirk, Angeli
name: Pop-Eleches, Cristian
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: HIV counseling and testing services play an important role in HIV treatment and prevention efforts in developing countries. Community-wide testing campaigns to detect HIV earlier may additionally impact community knowledge and beliefs about HIV. We conducted a cluster-randomized evaluation of a home-based HIV testing campaign in western Kenya and evaluated the effects of the campaign on community leaders’ and members’ stigma toward people living with HIV/AIDS. We find that this type of large-scale HIV testing can be implemented successfully in the presence of stigma, perhaps due to its “whole community” approach. The home-based HIV testing intervention resulted in community leaders reporting lower levels of stigma. However, stigma among community members reacted in mixed ways, and there is little evidence that the program affected beliefs about HIV prevalence and prevention.
title: Aortic valve stenosis evaluation in TAVI candidates - proposing aortic valve stenosis severity grading for CTA planimetry of aortic valve area
Creators: name: Horehledova, Barbora
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: CT
subject: Echocardiography
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Outcomes

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Aortic valve stenosis is the most frequent type of vascular heart disease in Europe and North America [1]. The degree of aortic stenosis is quantified with reduction of aortic valve area (AVA) [2]. Echocardiography is the current standard in aortic...
The Most Massive Ultra-Compact Dwarf Galaxy in the Virgo Cluster
Creators: name: Liu, Chengze
name: Peng, Eric W.
name: Toloba, Elisa
name: Mihos, J. Christopher
name: Ferrarese, Laura
name: Alamo-Martínez, Karla
name: Zhang, Hong-Xin
name: Côté, Patrick
name: Cuillandre, Jean-Charles
name: Cunningham, Emily C.
name: Guhathakurta, Puragra
name: Gwyn, Stephen
name: Herczeg, Gregory
name: Lim, Sungsoon
name: Puzia, Thomas H.
name: Roediger, Joel
name: Sánchez-Janssen, Rubén
name: Yin, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the properties of the most massive ultra-compact dwarf galaxy (UCD) in the nearby Virgo Cluster of galaxies using imaging from the Next Generation Virgo Cluster Survey (NGVS) and spectroscopy from Keck/DEIMOS. This object (M59-UCD3) appears to be associated with the massive Virgo galaxy M59 (NGC 4621), has an integrated velocity dispersion of 78 km/s, a dynamical mass of $3.7\times10^8 M_\odot$, and an effective radius ($R_e$) of 25 pc. With an effective surface mass density of $9.4\times10^{10} M_\odot/kpc^2$, it is the densest galaxy in the local Universe discovered to date, surpassing the density of the luminous Virgo UCD, M60-UCD1. M59-UCD3 has a total luminosity of $M_{g'}=-14.2$ mag, and a spectral energy distribution consistent with an old (14 Gyr) stellar population with [Fe/H]=0.0 and [$α$/Fe]=+0.2. We also examine deep imaging around M59 and find a broad low surface brightness stream pointing towards M59-UCD3, which may represent a tidal remnant of the UCD progenitor. This UCD, along with similar objects like M60-UCD1 and M59cO, likely represents an extreme population of tidally stripped galaxies more akin to larger and more massive compact early-type galaxies than to nuclear star clusters in present-day dwarf galaxies.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Polynomial Dedekind domains with finite residue fields of prime characteristic
Creators: name: Peruginelli, Giulio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13F20, 13A15, 11S05, 13B25, 20K99

description: We show that every Dedekind domain $R$ lying between the polynomial rings $\mathbb Z[X]$ and $\mathbb Q[X]$ with the property that its residue fields of prime characteristic are finite fields is equal to a generalized ring of integer-valued polynomials, that is, for each prime $p\in\mathbb Z$ there exists a finite subset $E_p$ of transcendental elements over $\mathbb Q$ in the absolute integral closure $\overline{\mathbb Z_p}$ of the ring of $p$-adic integers such that $R=\{f\in\mathbb Q[X]\mid f(E_p)\subseteq \overline{\mathbb Z_p}, \forall \text{ prime }p\in\mathbb Z\}$. Moreover, we prove that the class group of $R$ is isomorphic to a direct sum of a countable family of finitely generated abelian groups. Conversely, any group of this kind is the class group of a Dedekind domain $R$ between $\mathbb Z[X]$ and $\mathbb Q[X]$.
description: to appear in the Pacific Journal of Math. (2023)
Additional file 1 of Exopolysaccharide of Enterococcus faecium L15 promotes the osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells via p38 MAPK pathway
Creators: name: Kim, Hyewon
name: Oh, Naeun
name: Kwon, Mijin
name: Kwon, Oh-Hee
name: Ku, Seockmo
name: Seo, Jeongmin
name: Roh, Sangho
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Uncropped western blot images. Uncropped western blot images are attached. Images used in the main figure are marked in red squares.
Feasibility and acceptability of Project Connect: A couples-based HIV-risk reduction intervention among young couples in Johannesburg, South Africa
Creators: name: Parker, Lisa
name: Nguyen, Nadia
name: Rosenberg, Molly
name: Sibeko, Jabu
name: Pettifor, Audrey
name: MacPhail, Catherine
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Given the importance of couples to the transmission of HIV, interventions focusing on both members of a partnership can play an important role in its prevention. We adapted and pilot tested Project Connect, an evidence-based HIV prevention intervention for couples, to determine its acceptability and feasibility among a sample of young urban South African couples. We recruited couples from a clinic in inner-city Johannesburg to take part in the study. Interviewer-administered questionnaires were conducted at baseline and post-intervention; an in-depth interview was also conducted post-intervention. Of 75 couples screened, 15 were eligible and enrolled. An important reason for ineligibility was a recent history of intimate partner violence (IPV). Couples attended, on average, five of the seven sessions. Overall, the intervention was acceptable and showed signs of potential efficacy. Couples reported enjoying Connect and feeling comfortable with its content. Participants also reported learning important communication and problem-solving skills, which resulted in more effective engagement in HIV prevention behaviors. However, the number of sessions and strict eligibility criteria proved challenging to the feasibility of the study. We recommend future couples’ interventions have fewer sessions and enroll couples with a history of IPV.
Quantum Optomagnetics in Graphene
Creators: name: Abedi, Sina
name: Majedi, A. Hamed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Graphene can be magnetized through nonlinear response of its orbital angular momentum to an intense circularly polarized light. This optomagnetic effect can be well exemplified by the Inverse Faraday Effect (IFE) where an optically-generated DC magnetization leads to graphene's optical activity. We provide a single-particle quantum mechanical model of an IFE in graphene by solving Schrödinger's equation in the presence of a renormalized Hamiltonian near a Dirac point in the presence of circularly polarized monochromatic light. We derive an analytical expression for DC magnetization based on non-perturbative and dressed states of quasi-electrons where their energy spectrum is isotropically gapped by the circularly polarized light. Optical rotatory power is then computed through the gyroelectric birefringence where a measurable polarization rotation angle under moderate and intense optical radiations is predicted.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures; general typos corrected, 1 typo in equation correct, 2 typos in notation corrected, introduction extended, original magnetization expression integrated over k, figure added for comparison, figures slightly changed and plotted in lower intensity ranges
title: Пособие по художественному переводу: учебное пособие
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Южно-Уральский технологический университет
Year: 2021

description: Предлагаемое пособие содержит учебно-тренировочный материал по художественному переводу. Практикум состоит из 5 разделов, содержащих тексты из произведений современной английской литературы, упражнения и творческие задания для активизации и закрепления полученных знаний, умений и навыков по дисциплине «Художественный перевод»; также в дпнном пособии имеется краткий базовый теоретический материал по дисциплине «Художественный перевод», справочный грамматический материал по морфологии, словообразованию и синтаксису английского языка. Целью данного учебного пособия является развитие знаний, умений и навыков по дисциплине «Художественный перевод» на базе английского языка. Учебное пособие предназначено для студентов, осваивающих образовательные программы бакалавриата направления обучения 45.03.02 «Лингвистика».
title: How many incidental cardiac findings in non-cardiac thorax CT are missed?
Creators: name: Alì, Marco
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Thorax
subject: CT
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Image verification

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Recent improvements in multi-detector CT technology have shortened scanning times and decreased cardiac motion artifacts andthe detectability of pertinent reportable cardiac findings is substantially increased [1-3].Incidental cardiac findings...
Texture zeros of quark mass matrices at fixed point $τ=ω$ in modular flavor symmetry
Creators: name: Kikuchi, Shota
name: Kobayashi, Tatsuo
name: Tanimoto, Morimitsu
name: Uchida, Hikaru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study systematically derivation of the specific texture zeros, that is the nearest neighbor interaction (NNI) form of the quark mass matrices at the fixed point $τ=ω$ in modular flavor symmetric models. We present models that the NNI forms of the quark mass matrices are simply realized at the fixed point $τ=ω$ in the $A_4$ modular flavor symmetry by taking account multi-Higgs fields. Such texture zero structure originates from the $ST$ charge of the residual symmetry $Z_3$ of $SL(2,Z)$. The NNI form can be realized at the fixed point $τ= ω$ in $A_4$ and $S_4$ modular flavor models with two pairs of Higgs fields when we assign properly modular weights to Yukawa couplings and $A_4$ and $S_4$ representations to three generations of quarks. We need four pairs of Higgs fields to realize the NNI form in $A_5$ modular flavor models.
description: 37 pages
title: Influence of anatomical variations of the circle of Willis on mechanical thrombectomy with stent retrievers and balloon guide catheter
Creators: name: Velasco, Aglaé
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Anatomy
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Thrombolysis
subject: Catheters
subject: Recanalisation
subject: Cerebral palsy
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Mechanical thrombectomies (MT) with stent retrievers (SR) are recognized as a first therapy for patients with intracranial long vessel occlusion, a time window of less than 8 hours and presence of mismatch of at least more than 20%. 1,2 Several...
(101023) William Charles Fargus
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Additional file 12 of A genome-wide search of Toll/Interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain-containing adapter molecule (TICAM) and their evolutionary divergence from other TIR domain containing proteins
Creators: name: Verma, Shailya
name: Sowdhamini, Ramanathan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 12: The parameters and values used for codeml run of site model.
Limit cycles of linear vector fields on $(\mathbb{S}^2)^m \times \mathbb{R}^n$
Creators: name: Cufí-Cabré, Clara
name: Llibre, Jaume
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is well known that linear vector fields defined in $\mathbb{R}^n$ can not have limit cycles, but this is not the case for linear vector fields defined in other manifolds. We study the existence of limit cycles bifurcating from a continuum of periodic orbits of linear vector fields on manifolds of the form $(\mathbb{S}^2)^m \times \mathbb{R}^n$ when such vector fields are perturbed inside the class of all linear vector fields. The study is done using the averaging theory. We also present an open problem concerning the maximum number of limit cycles of linear vector fields on $(\mathbb{S}^2)^m \times \mathbb{R}^n$.
description: 15 pages
HIV status disclosure to families for social support in South Africa (NIMH Project Accept/HPTN 043)
Creators: name: Groves, Allison K.
name: Maman, Suzanne
name: Van Rooyen, Heidi
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Literature on HIV status disclosure among persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) is dominated by research on the rates, barriers and consequences of disclosure to sexual partners because of the assumed preventive health benefits of partner disclosure. Disclosure of HIV status can lead to an increase in social support and other positive psychosocial outcomes for PLWHA, but disclosure can also be associated with negative social outcomes including stigma, discrimination and violence. The purpose of this article is to describe the HIV status disclosure narratives of PLWHA living in South Africa. Thirty in-depth interviews were conducted with 13 PLWHA (11 women, 2 men) over a three year time period. We explored disclosure narratives of the PLWHA through questions about who they chose to disclose to, how they disclosed to these individuals, and how these individuals reacted. Narratives focused on disclosure to family members and contained relatively little discussion of disclosure to sexual partners. Participants often disclosed first to one trusted family member, and news of the diagnosis remained with this person for a long period of time, prior to sharing with others. This family member helped the PLWHA cope with the news of their diagnosis and prepared them to disclose to others. Disclosure to one’s partner was motivated primarily by a desire to encourage partners to test for HIV. Two participants described overtly negative reactions from a partner upon disclosure, and none of the PLWHA in this sample described very supportive relationships with their partners after disclosure. The critical role that family members played in the narratives of these PLWHA emphasizes the need for a greater focus on disclosure to families for social support in HIV counseling protocols.
title: Balanced scorecard performance assessment in a medical imaging department
Creators: name: Pinheiro, Joao
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Management
subject: Radiographers
subject: CT
subject: Digital radiography
subject: MR
subject: Audit and standards
subject: Socio-economic issues
subject: Health policy and practice
subject: Outcomes
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Economics

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Develop a strategic management model based on the Balanced Scorecard by Kaplan and Norton to implement in an imaging...
Additional file 13 of A genome-wide search of Toll/Interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain-containing adapter molecule (TICAM) and their evolutionary divergence from other TIR domain containing proteins
Creators: name: Verma, Shailya
name: Sowdhamini, Ramanathan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 13: Table showing domain architecture of TRIF and TRAM orthologue along with domain boundaries and e-value.
Generalized inverse patchy colloid model
Creators: name: Stipsitz, Monika
name: Kahl, Gerhard
name: Bianchi, Emanuela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize the inverse patchy colloid model that was originally developed for heterogeneously charged particles with two identical polar patches and an oppositely charged equator to a model that can have a considerably richer surface pattern. Based on a Debye-Hueckel framework, we propose a coarse-grained description of the effective pair interactions that is applicable to particles with an arbitrary patch decoration. We demonstrate the versatility of this approach by applying it to models with (i) two differently charged and/or sized patches, and (ii) three, possibly different patches.
If you build it will they come? Addressing social isolation within a technology-based HIV intervention for young black men who have sex with men
Creators: name: Hightow-Weidman, Lisa B.
name: Legrand, Sara
name: Pike, Emily C.
name: Baltierra, Nina
name: Muessig, Kathryn E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The rate of HIV infections among young black men who have sex with men (YBMSM) continues to rise at an alarming pace. YBMSM are particularly vulnerable to social isolation and a lack of social support due to experiences with racism and homophobia, which may have implications for sexual risk behaviors. The purpose of this study was to explore perceptions of social isolation and sense of community among YBMSM, the need for and receptivity to social networking features designed to reduce social isolation and build community within an internet and mobile phone-based primary and secondary HIV prevention intervention for YBMSM and to identify strategies to develop these features. Focus groups were conducted with 22 YBMSM ages 20–30 at three sites in North Carolina. Data from the focus groups were thematically analyzed using NVivo. Feelings of social isolation and lack of a sense of community were strongly endorsed by participants with homophobia, lack of opportunities for social engagement, and a focus on sex rather than friendship in interpersonal relationships with other YBMSM cited as contributing factors. Participants were receptive to a social networking intervention designed to reduce social isolation and build community. Recommendations offered by participants to increase acceptability and usability of such features included: availability of information about healthy relationships, the ability to connect with other YBMSM and health care providers, and ensuring the site had ongoing facilitation by the study team as well as monitoring for inappropriate content. The development of a social networking feature of an HIV prevention intervention may present an opportunity to reduce social isolation, build community and reduce risky sexual behaviors among YBMSM. The findings from this study are being used to inform the development of a social networking feature for an existing internet and mobile phone-based primary and secondary HIV prevention intervention for YBMSM.