cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Path Prediction For Efficient Order Release In Matrix-Structured Assembly Systems
Creators: name: Burggräf, Peter
name: Adlon, Tobias
name: Schukat, Esben
name: Bluvstein, German
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Matrix-structured Assembly Systems
subject: Assembly Control
subject: Multi-agent System
subject: Order Release
subject: Simulation
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Numerous research papers have already demonstrated the theoretical benefits of matrix-structured assembly systems. Nevertheless, such assembly systems have hardly been used in practice so far. The main reason for this, apart from the technical integration, is the complexity of controlling matrix-structured assembly systems. In theory, decentralized, agent-based control architectures have proven to be particularly suitable. However, order release has been largely neglected so far. Accordingly, the authors' previous work includes a conceptual approach for capacity-oriented order release in matrix-structured assembly systems. This previous approach calculates possible paths of an order and their capacity requirements considering both routing and sequence flexibility. Furthermore, by combining the possible paths of released orders with orders to be released and comparing them with the available capacity, the previously suggested approach can systematically carry out capacity-oriented release decisions. However, the NP-hard (NP: non-deterministic polynomial-time) problem arising from the consideration of all possible paths has a negative impact on the scalability and real-time capability of order release. Therefore, the present paper aims to extend the previously developed approach. By determining the most likely paths that a given order will take through the assembly system, the combination possibilities are limited in such a way that the total amount of calculations required to find a suitable order for release is reduced. Doing so, the NP-hardness of the previously developed approach can be circumvented. This work contributes to the practical realization and economic operation of matrix-structured assembly systems. The paper describes the logic of path prediction in detail and evaluates its impact on order release.
Redesigning Community Colleges for Completion: Lessons from Research on High-Performance Organizations (Assessment of Evidence Series)
Creators: name: Jenkins, Paul Davis
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges

description: After examining the research from within and outside of higher education on organizational performance, this paper identifies eight practices common among high-performance organizations: leadership, focus on the customer, functional alignment, process improvement, use of measurement, employee involvement and professional development, and external linkages. Evidence suggests that these organizational practices have the greatest impact on performance when implemented in concert with one another. The paper assesses the extent to which community colleges generally are following these practices and evaluates current reform efforts in light of models of organizational effectiveness that emerge from the research literature. In order to bring about improvements in organizational performance, community colleges will need to involve faculty and staff in reform efforts. This paper reviews research on strategies for engaging faculty and staff in organizational innovation and describes particular challenges community colleges face on this front. The concluding section recommends concrete steps community college leaders can take to redesign how they manage programs and services to increase rates of student completion on a scale needed to help meet national goals for college attainment.
Lifespan theorem for constrained surface diffusion flows
Creators: name: McCoy, James
name: Wheeler, Glen
name: Williams, Graham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider closed immersed hypersurfaces in $\R^{3}$ and $\R^4$ evolving by a class of constrained surface diffusion flows. Our result, similar to earlier results for the Willmore flow, gives both a positive lower bound on the time for which a smooth solution exists, and a small upper bound on a power of the total curvature during this time. By phrasing the theorem in terms of the concentration of curvature in the initial surface, our result holds for very general initial data and has applications to further development in asymptotic analysis for these flows.
description: 29 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1201.6574
Development and Assessment of a Neighbourhood International Physical Activity Questionnaire (N-IPAQ)
Creators: name: Frehlich, Levi Colt
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: physical activity
subject: neighbourhood
subject: built environment
subject: questionnaire
subject: IPAQ
subject: Education--Health
subject: Education--Sciences
subject: Sociology--Transportation
subject: Urban and Regional Planning
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography
subject: Epidemiology
subject: Public Health
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Psychometrics

description: Physical activity is a cornerstone for health, moreover, physical inactivity is independently associated with poor health outcomes. The neighbourhood built environment provides a unique opportunity to address both physical activity and inactivity. Higher walkable neighbourhoods have consistently shown increases in active transportation; however, many of these outcomes have been supported using non-context specific tools (i.e., measures of general physical activity). This project addresses this research gap by developing and testing a neighbourhood specific physical activity questionnaire (N-IPAQ). The N-IPAQ demonstrated reliability through self-administered paper and online formats. Moreover, the N-IPAQ demonstrated construct and concurrent validity using objective measures of neighborhood and physical activity. The N-IPAQ was also able to distinguish physical activity differences between high and low walkable neighborhoods. The use of the N-IPAQ in larger population based research could therefore better elucidate the specific built environment characteristics that foster or hinder physical activity.
Referral, Enrollment, and Completion in Developmental Education Sequences in Community Colleges
Creators: name: Bailey, Thomas R.
name: Jeong, Dong Wook
name: Cho, Sung-Woo
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges

description: After being assessed, many students entering community colleges are referred to one or more levels of developmental education. While the need to assist students with weak academic skills is well known, little research has examined student progression through multiple levels of developmental education and into entry-level college courses. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the patterns and determinants of student progression through sequences of developmental education starting from initial referral. We rely primarily on a micro-level longitudinal dataset that includes detailed information about student progression through developmental education. This dataset was collected as part of the national community college initiative Achieving the Dream: Community Colleges Count. The dataset has many advantages, but it is not nationally representative; therefore, we check our results against a national dataset—the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988. Our results indicate that fewer than one half of the students who are referred to remediation actually complete the entire sequence to which they are referred. About 30 percent of students referred to developmental education do not enroll in any remedial course, and only about 60 percent of referred students actually enroll in the remedial course to which they were referred. The results also show that more students exit their developmental sequences because they did not enroll in the first or a subsequent course than because they failed or withdrew from a course in which they were enrolled. We also show that men, older students, African American students, part-time students, and students in vocational programs are less likely to progress through their full remedial sequences.
Promoting Academic Momentum at Community Colleges: Challenges and Opportunities
Creators: name: Goldrick-Rab, Sara
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges

description: The expansion of the American community college has not been matched by the rapid, or even consistent, progress of all entering students toward postsecondary credentials. Instead, a significant proportion of students enrolled in community colleges appear "stuck" on the road to completion. This lack of progress is due to the complex ways in which social and educational inequalities affect specific students and the institutions of higher education designated to serve them. As a result, policymakers and practitioners face significant challenges in their efforts to promote academic momentum. In the first part of this literature review, the sources of these challenges are located in student characteristics as well as in state and institutional practices and policies. It is argued that there exists an interaction of sorts between the actions of community colleges and the attributes of their students. Acknowledging the myriad complexities in efforts to improve the progress of all two-year students toward goal or degree completion, the second part of this paper examines empirical research to identify opportunities for improvement.
$J/ψ$ Pair Production at the Tevatron with $\sqrt{s}=1.96~\mathrm{TeV}
Creators: name: Qiao, Cong-Feng
name: Sun, Li-Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the $J/ψ$ pair production issue at the Fermilab Tevatron Run II with the center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s}=1.96 \mathrm{TeV}$. Both color-singlet and -octet production mechanisms are considered. Our result shows that the transverse momentum($p_T$) scaling behaviors of double $J/ψ$ differential cross sections in color-singlet and -octet deviate distinctively from each other while $p_T$ is larger than $8 \mathrm{GeV}$, and with the luminosity of ${5 \mathrm{fb^{-1}}}$ the $J/ψ$ pair events from color-singlet scheme are substantially measurable in Tevatron experiments, even with certain lower transverse momentum cut. Hence the Tevatron is still possibly a platform to check the heavy quarkonium production mechanism.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Chinese Physics C
Working Memory and Processing Speed Training in Schizophrenia: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Creators: name: Cassetta, Briana Diane
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Schizophrenia
subject: Cognitive Training
subject: Working memory
subject: Processing Speed
subject: Mental Health
subject: Rehabilitation and Therapy
subject: Psychology--Clinical

description: Individuals with schizophrenia are generally found to experience cognitive deficits in most domains of cognition. Moreover, greater cognitive deficits have been associated with poorer daily functioning in schizophrenia. Given these findings, cognitive training has been a burgeoning area of research in recent years, with some evidence suggesting that cognitive training programs may improve cognition for individuals with schizophrenia. However, the state of the literature remains unclear as to which domains of cognition should be targeted to produce the most widespread benefits for individuals with schizophrenia. One suggestion is that targeting lower-level cognitive processes that are important for higher-level and more complex aspects of cognition may produce the most widespread and durable benefits in cognition and everyday functioning. In particular, working memory (WM) and processing speed (PS) have been named as two key areas of deficit in schizophrenia, and two domains of cognition that may be linked to higher-order cognition and daily functioning. This study aimed to investigate the near-transfer (transfer of gains to related contexts), far-transfer (transfer of gains to unrelated contexts), and real-world gains associated with WM and PS training in schizophrenia. To this end, 83 participants with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder were recruited and randomly assigned to computerized WM training, PS training, or a no-training control group. Results showed that PS training led to significant gains in untrained PS tasks as well as gains in far-transfer tasks that required speed of processing, relative to the other groups. WM training did not lead to gains in untrained WM tasks, and showed inconsistent effects on some far-transfer tasks. These results suggest that there can be benefits of domain-specific cognitive training, specifically PS training, in schizophrenia. Far-transfer of gains to other cognitive domains and to real-world functioning may not occur after targeted WM or PS training, though non-specific effects (e.g., through behavioural activation, increased motivation) may lead to improvements on some cognitive tasks. Future studies should continue to investigate the mechanisms by which cognitive training may lead to enhancements in cognition and functioning in schizophrenia.
Regeneration of Carbon Materials Saturated with Organic Pollutants by Fenton Oxidation Based Technologies
Creators: name: Xiao, Ye
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Water treatment
subject: Carbon adsorption
subject: Fenton oxidation
subject: Electro-Fenton oxidation
subject: Methyl orange
subject: Organic pollutants
subject: Engineering--Chemical
subject: Engineering--Environmental

description: Organic pollutants, which may be carcinogenic and endocrine disrupting, are frequently detected in different water bodies. Carbon adsorption is an effective and efficient approach to remove organic pollutants from water even for the toxic and bio-refractory ones. After adsorption, it is economically and environmentally beneficial to regenerate the carbon materials. Fenton and electro-Fenton oxidation are promising technologies for regeneration because they can regenerate the adsorbents and degrade the adsorbed organic pollutants simultaneously under ambient conditions. In this thesis, the Fenton and electro-Fenton oxidation were studied for the regeneration of carbon saturated with methyl orange (MO) with a focus on the impact of adsorbent properties and operational parameters. First, the impact of pore structure on Fenton regeneration was investigated using γ-Fe2O3 loaded carbon with different microporosity. The fresh and regenerated carbon materials were characterized by adsorption isotherm and kinetics measurements. The regeneration efficiency decreased with increasing microporosity; essentially complete regeneration was achieved with the mesoporous carbon. The results were consistent with the MO adsorbed in micropores being strongly bond and difficult to remove using the Fenton regeneration method. As an attempt to regenerate the adsorption sites in micropores, carbon materials were regenerated using electro-Fenton oxidation. The regeneration efficiency was improved with higher cathodic potential, better contact with cathode, and lower microporosity. Compared with Fenton oxidation, electro-Fenton oxidation could regenerate the adsorption sites in the micropores < 1 nm. The results indicated that electro-Fenton regeneration was controlled by the electro-desorption process. Because better contact with the cathode was necessary for electro-Fenton regeneration, activated carbon - polytetrafluoroethylene electrodes were proposed to act as both the adsorbent for adsorption and the cathode for electro-Fenton regeneration. MO adsorption capacity of 176 mg/g and regeneration efficiency of 81% were obtained using one of these electrodes. A higher MO adsorption rate and regeneration efficiency were obtained with a higher electrode hydrophilicity. Overall, this thesis provides mechanistic insights on the regeneration of carbon materials by the Fenton and electro-Fenton oxidation, which can guide further research and practical application of these methods in carbon regeneration.
Event-driven IT-architectures as enabler for Industry 4.0
Creators: name: Kremer, Sebastian
name: Konrad, Leon
name: Stroh, Max-Ferdinand
name: Schuh, Günther
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Event-driven IT-architecture
subject: EDA
subject: Industry 4.0
subject: Smart Factory
subject: Digital Transformation
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Originating in 2011, Industry 4.0 describes the digital revolution of industry and has since become a collective term for smart, mutable and data driven factories. During the last decade systemic and methodical solutions were designed and implemented that enable corresponding data driven use cases for producers. Today's system providers offer complex data ecosystems in which data-driven use cases are built-in and implementers offer focused digitalisation projects to rapidly address quick wins. While an assessment of expectations around Industry 4.0 results in requirements within the domains of modifiability, connectivity, data and organisation for an IT-architecture, many such solutions are found to be violating essential requirements as systemic flexibility and data-availability. Not only is this a relevant matter for architectural purists, but it highlights real problems that industry is still facing while applying digitalisation measures in pursuit of Industry 4.0. While event-driven architectures go back to the design of modern operating systems, the emergence of powerful, resilient and cheap broker-technologies has risen the polarity of event-driven IT-architectures for businesses in the last decade. Although its occurrence is predominantly represented in ecommerce, finance and insurance, many prominent manufactures have since begun their transformation into an event-driven IT-architecture. Reasons for this architectural adaptation include exceptional data availability, resilience, scalability and especially data sovereignty. An assessment of event-driven IT-architecture's properties and implications reveals an excellent fit for the architectural requirements of Industry 4.0. In this work the subject of Industry 4.0 is analysed along literature to derive a collective understanding of expectations from a factory implementing Industry 4.0. Subsequently, IT-architectural requirements are derived that describe an architecture capable of satisfying these expectations. Then event-driven IT-architectures are analysed regarding their structural composition and capabilities. Finally, the fit of event-driven IT-architecture is evaluated against the architectural requirements of Industry 4.0, discussing congruence and divergence.
On the Age and Binarity of Fomalhaut
Creators: name: Mamajek, Eric E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nearby (d = 7.7 pc) A3V star Fomalhaut is orbited by a resolved dusty debris disk and a controversial candidate extrasolar planet. The commonly cited age for the system (200+-100 Myr) from Barrado y Navascues et al. (1997) relied on a combination of isochronal age plus youth indicators for the K4V common proper motion system TW PsA. TW PsA is 1.96 deg away from Fomalhaut, and was first proposed as a companion by Luyten (1938), but the physicality of the binarity is worth testing with modern data. I demonstrate that TW PsA is unequivocally a physical stellar companion to Fomalhaut, with true separation 0.280+0.019-0.012 pc (57.4+3.9-2.5 kAU) and sharing velocities within 0.1+-0.5 km/s -- consistent with being a bound system. Hence, TW PsA should be considered "Fomalhaut B". Combining modern HR diagram constraints with four sets of evolutionary tracks, and assuming the star was born with protosolar composition, I estimate a new isochronal age for Fomalhaut of 450+-40 Myr and mass of 1.92+-0.02 Msun. Various stellar youth diagnostics are re-examined for TW PsA. The star's rotation, X-ray emission, and Li abundances are consistent with approximate ages of 410, 380, and 360 Myr, respectively, yielding a weighted mean age of 400+-70 Myr. Combining the independent ages, I estimate a mean age for the Fomalhaut-TW PsA binary of 440+-40 Myr. The older age implies that substellar companions of a given mass are approximately one magnitude fainter at IR wavelengths than previously assumed.
description: ApJ Letters, in press, 5 pages in emulateapj, 1 figure. Minor edits. Difference in velocity between Fomalhaut and TW PsA corrected to be 0.1+-0.5 km/s
Predicting Success in College: The Importance of Placement Tests and High School Transcripts
Creators: name: Belfield, Clive
name: Crosta, Peter Michael
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges
Educational tests and measurements

description: This paper uses student-level data from a statewide community college system to examine the validity of placement tests and high school information in predicting course grades and college performance. It considers the ACCUPLACER and COMPASS placement tests, using two quantitative and two literacy tests from each battery. The authors find that placement tests do not yield strong predictions of how students will perform in college. Placement test scores are positively—but weakly—associated with college grade point average (GPA). The correlation disappears when high school GPA is controlled for. Placement test scores are positively associated with college credit accumulation even after controlling for high school GPA. After three to five semesters, a student with a placement test score in the highest quartile has on average nine credits more than a student with a placement test score in the lowest quartile. In contrast, high school GPAs are useful for predicting many aspects of students' college performance. High school GPA has a strong association with college GPA; students' college GPAs are approximately 0.6 units below their high school GPAs. High school GPA also has a strong association with college credit accumulation. A student whose high school GPA is one grade higher will have accumulate approximately four extra credits per semester. Other information from high school transcripts is modestly useful; this includes number of math and English courses taken in high school, honors courses, number of F grades, and number of credits. This high school information is not independently useful beyond high school GPA, and collectively it explains less variation in college performance. The authors also calculate accuracy rates and four validity metrics for placement tests. They find high "severe" error rates using the placement test cutoffs. The severe error rate for English is 27 to 33 percent; i.e., three out of every ten students is severely misassigned. For math, the severe error rates are lower but still nontrivial. Using high school GPA instead of placement tests reduces the severe error rates by half across both English and math.
Online and Hybrid Course Enrollment and Performance in Washington State Community and Technical Colleges
Creators: name: Xu, Di
name: Jaggars, Shanna
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges

description: This report investigates enrollment patterns and academic outcomes in online, hybrid, and face-to-face courses among students who enrolled in Washington State community and technical colleges in the fall of 2004. Students were tracked for nearly five years, until the spring of 2009. Results were similar to those found in a parallel study in Virginia. Students who were employed for more hours and students who had demographic characteristics associated with stronger academic preparation were more likely to enroll in online courses; however, students who enrolled in hybrid courses were quite similar to those who enrolled in a purely face-to-face curriculum. After controlling for student characteristics using multilevel regression techniques, results indicated that students were more likely to fail or withdraw from online courses than from face-to-face courses. In addition, students who took online coursework in early terms were slightly but significantly less likely to return to school in subsequent terms, and students who took a higher proportion of credits online were slightly but significantly less likely to attain an educational award or transfer to a four-year institution. In contrast, students were equally likely to complete a hybrid course as to complete a face-to-face course. Additional analyses with a new cohort of students entering in 2008 showed short-term results consistent with those of the 2004 cohort. Given the importance of online learning in terms of student convenience and institutional flexibility, current system supports for online learning should be bolstered and strengthened in order to improve completion rates among online learners. Specific recommendations are discussed in the report‘s conclusion.
Modeling of Carbon Dioxide Leakage from Storage Aquifers
Creators: name: Heidari, Parvaneh
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: CO2 Sequestration
subject: Leakage
subject: Fault
subject: Gravity Number
subject: Capillary Number
subject: Engineering
subject: Engineering--Environmental

description: Long-term geological storage of CO2 in deep saline aquifers offers the possibility of sustaining access to fossil fuels while reducing emissions. However, prior to implementation, associated risks of CO2 leakage need to be carefully addressed to ensure safety of storage. CO2 storage takes place by several trapping mechanisms that are active on different time scales. On short time scales, structural trapping is dominant. Over time, the contribution of capillary, solubility, and mineral trapping mechanisms come into play. Leaky faults and fractures provide pathways for CO2 to migrate upward toward shallower depths and reduce the effectiveness of storage. Therefore, understanding the flow and transport processes and the impact of various forces such as viscous, capillary and gravity is necessary. In this study, a mechanistic model is developed to investigate the influence of the driving forces on CO2 migration through a storage formation or a water saturated leakage pathway in relatively short time scales after CO2 injection. The developed numerical model is used to determine leakage characteristics for different rock formations from a potential CO2 storage site in central Alberta, Canada. The developed model allows for preliminary analysis of CO2 leakage and finds applications in screening and site selection for geological storage of CO2 in deep saline aquifers.
ESiWACE3 - Deliverable D7.2 - Data management plan (DMP)
Creators: name: Bretonnière, Pierre-Antoine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Deliverable
ESiWACE3

description: This deliverable is the first version of the Data Management Plan of the project. It sets up the context of how the data will be managed during the four years. It includes the numerical data but most importantly in this project, the management of the software and the personal data. It will be revised at Month 24 (D7.2 - Update of data management plan) and Month 47 (D7.4 - Final update of data management plan).
Dissipation and Ultrastrong Coupling in Circuit QED
Creators: name: Beaudoin, Félix
name: Gambetta, J. M.
name: Blais, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cavity and circuit QED study light-matter interaction at its most fundamental level. Yet, this interaction is most often neglected when considering the coupling of this system with an environment. In this paper, we show how this simplification, which leads to the standard quantum optics master equation, is at the root of unphysical effects. Including qubit relaxation and dephasing, and cavity relaxation, we derive a master equation that takes into account the qubit-resonator coupling. Special attention is given to the ultrastrong coupling regime, where the failure of the quantum optical master equation is manifest. In this situation, our model predicts an asymmetry in the vacuum Rabi splitting that could be used to probe dephasing noise at unexplored frequencies. We also show how fluctuations in the qubit frequency can cause sideband transitions, squeezing, and Casimir-like photon generation.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
Mechanisms of vaccine protection in pneumococcal pneumonia
Creators: name: Schubert, Courtney Lynn
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Pneumonia
subject: Infection
subject: Neutrophil
subject: Vaccine
subject: Pneumococcal
subject: S. pneumoniae
subject: B cell
subject: Disease tolerance
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Despite the overwhelming success of vaccination in reducing mortality due to infectious diseases, it is unknown what makes some vaccines protective while others are not. Multiple vaccine candidates have failed clinical trial regardless of the production of neutralizing antibodies, therefore there is a need to establish correlates of protection that are not antibody production. We began investigating the Pnuemovax-23 vaccine which provides well characterized protection in both mice and humans, in an attempt to determine the mechanism of vaccine protection. Instead of finding that Pneumovax-23 vaccination induces disease resistance against Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia through eradication of the bacteria, we found that vaccinated mice survive the pneumococcal infection via disease tolerance. Therefore, we began investigating how the survival of vaccinated mice is independent of bacterial clearance from the lungs and the spleen. The role of neutrophils was first explored since there was still robust neutrophil recruitment during infection in vaccinated mice, and neutrophils are known to regulate B cells in the spleen and produce B cell growth factors. Ultimately, we determined that despite ample neutrophil recruitment during infection, neutrophils are not mediating this disease tolerance to infection in vaccinated mice. Instead, we turned to investigate whether B cells were required for disease tolerance, where we found B1 innate B cells to be required for vaccinated mice to survive the infection. CD19-/- mice are deficient in innate cells, however still have conventional B cells and neutrophil recruitment during infection. Therefore, we have found a novel mechanism of how vaccination protects against infection, through disease tolerance of the bacterial infection. With further research into the exact mechanism of B1 cells, these findings can potentially alter the future of vaccine development for bacterial pathogens that do not yet have a protective vaccine.
Towards non-AdS holography in 3-dimensional higher spin gravity
Creators: name: Gary, Michael
name: Grumiller, Daniel
name: Rashkov, Radoslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We take the first steps towards non-AdS holography in higher spin gravity. Namely, we propose a variational principle for generic 3-dimensional higher spin gravity that accommodates asymptotic backgrounds beyond AdS, like asymptotically Schrodinger, Lifshitz or warped AdS spacetimes. As examples we study in some detail the four sl(2) embeddings of spin-4 gravity and provide associated geometries, including an asymptotic Lifshitz black hole.
description: 26 pp, v2: added Refs. and clarified some statements, v3: minor changes, made notation more transparent in sections 4 and 5, matches published version
Incorporation of Chiral Selectors into a Water Stationary Phase for use in Supercritical Fluid Chromatography
Creators: name: Frantz, Jackson Joseph
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Chiral
subject: Chromatography
subject: Supercritical
subject: Chemistry--Analytical
subject: Engineering--Chemical

description: The direct separation of enantiomers in column chromatography is an important field that has seen considerable maturation and explosive growth in the last three decades. This development has been spurred by needs for fast and cost-effective analysis in application areas such as pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and environmental toxicology. Despite this progress, method development in chiral analysis is often difficult and prohibitively costly due to expensive columns and lack of universally applicable selectors. This thesis presents a new method for chiral separations using a modified aqueous stationary phase. By incorporating chiral selectors in a liquid phase on stainless steel capillary tubing, chiral separations may be achieved conveniently and at extremely low cost. Further, the application of unmodified carbon dioxide as a mobile phase for these separations eliminates the need for costly and potentially harmful organic solvents in routine operation, and also allows the use of the universal flame ionization detector. Toward this end, efforts to effect separations using native and derivatized beta cyclodextrin selectors were undertaken, with some promising results for the separation of some flavanone enantiomers. Especially notable was the extremely potent selectivity obtained at novel operating conditions such as subambient temperatures. The thermodynamic and kinetic performance of the system was evaluated revealing some highly novel characteristics. To enable separation of a greater diversity of chiral analytes, the macrocyclic antibiotic selector vancomycin was also investigated. Excellent performance was obtained using this selector for the separation of some phenoxypropionic acid enantiomers. The addition of additives was highly relevant to these separations. Most notably the improvement with ternary agents such as triethylamine revealed the utility of the water stationary phase as a unique molecular scaffolding for promoting chiral discrimination. Finally, applications demonstrating the separation of both a flavanone and phenoxypropionic acid in complex sample matrices, as well as mixed selector phases utilizing both beta cyclodextrin and vancomycin for the simultaneous separation of multiple chiral pairs highlighted the versatility of the novel separation system.
Collaborative Implementation Of Product-Service Systems In Business Ecosystems – Empirical Investigation Of Neutral Third Parties As A Success Factor
Creators: name: Schmitt, Jan Lukas
name: Dörr, David Maximilian
name: Bauernhansl, Thomas
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Business Administration
subject: Digitalisation / Industry 4.0
subject: Business Ecosystem
subject: Product-Service System
subject: Knowledge Management
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: The collaborative implementation of product-service systems is a promising field of action for the German mechanical engineering industry. Through the interaction in business ecosystems, mechanical engineering companies integrate complementary competencies and technologies from different actors into customer-centric solutions, which satisfy customer needs to a greater extent. However, collaborative initiatives in business ecosystems often fail in operation or are not implemented at all. The main cause is a lack of cooperation capabilities among the cooperation partners. To solve this issue, this paper investigates how cooperation capabilities can be increased efficiently by interacting with neutral third parties in business ecosystems. Neutral third parties contribute to forming and preserving collaborative initiatives in business ecosystems and reduce transaction costs through their impartiality and specific domain knowledge. Even though the neutral third-party approach is discussed in theory, it has yet been poorly examined in practice. To develop a better understanding regarding the practical fields of application and the requirements for the implementation of the neutral third party approach in the context of mechanical engineering business ecosystems, 29 expert interviews have been conducted. The findings contribute to the transfer of the neutral third-party approach into practice and thus increase the success of a collaborative implementation of product-service systems in business ecosystems.
title: The pathobiology of the meniscus
title: a comparison between the human and dog
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Krupkova, Olga
name: Smolders, Lucas
name: Wuertz-Kozak, Karin
name: Cook, James
name: Pozzi, Antonio
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Serious knee pain and related disability have an annual prevalence of approximately 25% on those over the age of 55 years. As curative treatments for the common knee problems are not available to date, knee pathologies typically progress and often lead to osteoarthritis (OA). While the roles that the meniscus plays in knee biomechanics are well characterized, biological mechanisms underlying meniscus pathophysiology and roles in knee pain and OA progression are not fully clear. Experimental treatments for knee disorders that are successful in animal models often produce unsatisfactory results in humans due to species differences or the inability to fully replicate disease progression in experimental animals. The use of animals with spontaneous knee pathologies, such as dogs, can significantly help addressing this issue. As microscopic and macroscopic anatomy of the canine and human menisci are similar, spontaneous meniscal pathologies in canine patients are thought to be highly relevant for translational medicine. However, it is not clear whether the biomolecular mechanisms of pain, degradation of extracellular matrix, and inflammatory responses are species dependent. The aims of this review are (1) to provide an overview of the anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the human and canine meniscus, (2) to compare the known signaling pathways involved in spontaneous meniscus pathology between both species, and (3) to assess the relevance of dogs with spontaneous meniscal pathology as a translational model. Understanding these mechanisms in human and canine meniscus can help to advance diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for painful knee disorders and improve clinical decision making.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe; 677
Not Just Math and English: Courses That Pose Obstacles to Community College Completion
Creators: name: Zeidenberg, Matthew
name: Jenkins, Paul Davis
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges
Curriculum planning
Curriculum evaluation

description: Discussions of the barriers to completion in community colleges have largely focused on student success in introductory college-level math and English courses, and rightfully so, since these courses are typically required for degrees. However, there is a much broader range of courses that also serve as “gatekeepers” in the sense that they are obstacles to completion. This paper offers methods for identifying these courses and for assessing the relative extent of the obstacle to completion each of them poses. We compare the performance in these courses of students who successfully completed a credential with those who did not. We find that the difficulty students experience in succeeding in many other introductory courses is just as great as that posed by college math and English. If colleges want to reduce impediments to graduation, they therefore need to look at a broader range of courses than just math and English and devise strategies for improving student achievement in these courses as well. We also find that overall GPA in college courses is a stronger predictor of completion than performance in any one course. This suggests that colleges need to monitor students’ overall performance to identify those who are in danger of not completing and design academic and non-academic interventions to help them succeed. Conversely, colleges need also to identify students who did well in these obstacle courses but have dropped out, so that they can encourage them to continue. It also suggests that remedial instruction, which is typically focused on math and English, should be rethought and its scope broadened.
Internationalizing Chinese higher education institutions
Creators: name: Liu, Huacong
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: In this qualitative case study, I explored how internationalization is interpreted at a higher education institution in Shanghai, China. By using a theoretical framework containing Knight’s (2004) model, Marginson and Rhoades’ (2002) concept of ‘Glo-na-cal’, and Tierney’s (1998) academic culture, I attempted to answer three main research questions: How is internationalization interpreted at the national level, in terms of strategies, approaches, and rationales? How is internationalization interpreted at the institutional level, in terms of activities and rationales? At the core of the internationalization of higher education in China lies potential academic cultural clashes. How is this clash manifested, and how is this clash addressed at the institutional level? This study took place at School of Economics, Pacific University in China. Data collection took place from late March through mid-April 2011 using a strategic sample of participants including domestically trained scholars, returnee scholars, and senior administrators in the school. Data collection consisted of semi-structured interviews and document collection. Interviews were conducted in Mandarin and were digitally recorded and subsequently transcribed, coded, and analyzed thematically. The findings of this study suggest that internationalization of higher education has taken a narrow and pragmatic approach in China’s national policy level: internationalization is treated as a means to achieve national goals in technology innovation and creativity, and economic competitiveness through building world-class universities. However, there is a lack of well-articulated strategies of how to achieve the world-class university status. The absence of concrete strategies imposed from the national level does make room for suitable strategies and activities at the institutional level internationalization process. The case study institution has developed a set of strategies for internationalization, including overseas recruiting and strengthening academic environment, curriculum reform and strengthening teaching quality, emphasis on research and intensifying academic exchange. Nevertheless, true internationalization does not come easily. A lack of collegial academic culture is shown at the case study institution between the domestically trained faculty and returnee scholars. From a macro perspective, this study also indicates a frequent interaction among the local, national, and global levels during the process of internationalizing a Chinese higher education institution.
Navigating Acculturation-based Conflicts: The Perspectives of Chinese Canadian Adults
Creators: name: Dang, Judy
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: acculturation
subject: family conflict
subject: counselling
subject: Literature--Asian
subject: Individual and Family Studies

description: Chinese Canadian immigrant parents and their children often identify with Canadian and traditional Chinese cultural values at differing levels. Such intergenerational discrepancies in values identifications have been associated with increased conflict and decreased parent-child relationship quality. Although a breadth of the acculturation literature examines coping and reactions to intergenerational conflicts in Asian American families with adolescents and children, there is a dearth of qualitative literature exploring Chinese Canadian adults’ personal perspectives of effective or ineffective influences in their navigation of intergenerational conflicts. Using the Enhanced Critical Incident Technique (ECIT; Butterfield, Borgen, Maglio, & Amundson, 2009), this study explored what second-generation Chinese Canadian adults identified as helpful or unhelpful in managing acculturation-based conflicts. Interviews with 10 participants yielded 179 critical incidents that were organized into the following nine categories: (1) capacity for empathy and understanding, (2) facilitation of dialogue and conversational exchanges, (3) compromising, complying, and accepting parents’ wishes or demands, (4) self-affirmative acts or behaviours, (5) self-care and coping, (6) distancing, (7) external supports or influences, (8) impact of lifestyle and schedules, and (9) parental habits, behaviours, or personality traits. The findings illustrate that for some individuals, intergenerational conflicts and cultural differences within Chinese Canadian families can be salient and persistent beyond the adolescent and young adult years. The findings also highlight the importance and need for considering contextual influences in parents’ and adult children’s interactions. Implications for counsellors and helping professionals and researchers are outlined and delineated.
Online Learning: Does It Help Low-Income and Underprepared Students? (Assessment of Evidence Series)
Creators: name: Jaggars, Shanna
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Education, Higher
Educational technology

description: Online learning has generated much enthusiasm for its potential to promote greater access to college by reducing the cost and time of commuting and, in the case of asynchronous approaches, by allowing students to study on a schedule that is optimal for them. The enthusiasm surrounding these and other innovative, technology-based programs has led educators to ask whether the continuing expansion of online learning could be leveraged to increase the academic access, progression, and success of low-income and underprepared college students. However, this review of the postsecondary literature on online learning strongly suggests that online coursework--at least as currently and typically implemented--may hinder progression for low-income and underprepared students. The paper explores why students might struggle in these courses, discusses current access barriers to online education, and offers suggestions on how public policy and institutional practice could be changed to allow online learning to better meet its potential in terms of improving both college access and student progression.