cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Scattering of first and second sound waves by quantum vorticity in superfluid Helium
Creators: name: Coste, C.
name: Lund, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the scattering of first and second sound waves by quantum vorticity in superfluid Helium using two-fluid hydrodynamics. The vorticity of the superfluid component and the sound interact because of the nonlinear character of these equations. Explicit expressions for the scattered pressure and temperature are worked out in a first Born approximation, and care is exercised in delimiting the range of validity of the assumptions needed for this approximation to hold. An incident second sound wave will partly convert into first sound, and an incident first sound wave will partly convert into second sound. General considerations show that most incident first sound converts into second sound, but not the other way around. These considerations are validated using a vortex dipole as an explicitely worked out example.
description: 24 pages, Latex, to appear in Journal of Low Temperature Physics
Rayleigh-Taylor Instabilities in Thin Films of Tapped Powder
Creators: name: Duran, Jacques
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observe powder ''droplets'' forming when tapping repeatidly an horizontal flat plate initially covered with a monolayer of fine powder particles. Starting from a simple model involving both the air flow through the porous cake and avalanche properties, we setup an analytical model which satisfactorily fits the experimental results. We observe a close analogy between the governing equations of the phenomenon and the basic physics of wetting liquids, including the equivalent of the Laplace-Young law and the surface tension parameter leading to the familiar Rayleigh Taylor instability.
description: 8 pages, five postscript figures, submitted APS journal
Scopula natalica
Creators: name: Mbata, Keith J.
name: Prins, Jurate De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae
Scopula
Scopula natalica

description: Scopula natalica (Butler, 1875a)
COMMON NAME(S): Natal Wave.
SYNONYM(S): Craspedia diffusizona Hampson, 1910c; Craspedia obliterata Warren, 1902.
IUCN STATUS: Not Evaluated (NE).
DISTRIBUTION: Cameroon, Gambia, Guinea, Kenya, Malawi, Sierra Leone, South Africa, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
LOCALITY IN ZAMBIA: Livingstone, in Southern Province; Kafue and Lusaka, in Lusaka Province.
LARVAL HOSTPLANT(S): Unknown.
SOURCES: African Moths 2019; De Prins & De Prins 2022; Hampson 1910c.
description: Published as part of Mbata, Keith J. & Prins, Jurate De, 2023, Annotated checklist of moths of Zambia (Insecta: Lepidoptera), pp. 1-503 in Zootaxa 5354 (1) on page 252, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5354.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10130434
On isomorphisms of canonical ${\cal E}$-lattices
Creators: name: Tărnăuceanu, Marius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The aim of the present paper is to study isomorphisms of canonical ${\cal E}$-lattices. Some interesting results are obtained in the particular case of isomorphisms between two subgroup ${\cal E}$-lattices.
Answer Interaction in Non-factoid Question Answering Systems
Creators: name: Qu, Chen
name: Yang, Liu
name: Croft, Bruce
name: Scholer, Falk
name: Zhang, Yongfeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Information retrieval systems are evolving from document retrieval to answer retrieval. Web search logs provide large amounts of data about how people interact with ranked lists of documents, but very little is known about interaction with answer texts. In this paper, we use Amazon Mechanical Turk to investigate three answer presentation and interaction approaches in a non-factoid question answering setting. We find that people perceive and react to good and bad answers very differently, and can identify good answers relatively quickly. Our results provide the basis for further investigation of effective answer interaction and feedback methods.
description: Accepted to CHIIR 2019
Lippia grata Schauer 1847
Creators: name: Cardoso, Pedro Henrique
name: Santos-Silva, Fernanda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Verbenaceae
Lippia
Lippia grata

description: Lippia grata
 Selected material:— BRAZIL. Bahia, Juazeiro, Reserva Legal do Projeto Salitre, 14 May 2004, C.T.V. Dias 46c (RB). Maranhão, Parque Nacional da Chapada das Mesas, 10 April 2018, O.S. Monteiro et al. 91 (CESJ). Pará, FLONA de Carajás, Serra Sul, Parauapebas, 20 February 2008, L.M.M. Carreira et al. 329 (CESJ); Canaã dos Carajás, Serra Sul, 18 February 2010, A.J. Arruda et al. 203 (BHCB). Pernambuco, Serra das Umburanas, Mirandiba, 23 June 2007, Y. Melo et al. 303 (CESJ). Piauí, P.N. S.C., Piracuruca, 8 June 2002, A. Carvalho 150 (HUEFS).
description: Published as part of Cardoso, Pedro Henrique & Santos-Silva, Fernanda, 2022, What happens when scientists play telephone game? The cautionary tale of " Lippia grandis " and the importance of correct plant identification, pp. 77-86 in Phytotaxa 570 (1) on page 83, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.570.1.7, http://zenodo.org/record/7251553
First Principles Calculations of Charge and Spin Density Waves of sqr3-Adsorbates on Semiconductors
Creators: name: Scandolo, S.
name: Ancilotto, F.
name: Chiarotti, G. L.
name: Santoro, G.
name: Serra, S.
name: Tosatti, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present ab-initio electronic structure results on the surface of sqr3 adsorbates. In particular, we address the issue of metal-insulator instabilities, charge-density-waves (CDWs) or spin-density-waves (SDWs), driven by partly filled surface states and their 2D Fermi surface, and/or by the onset of magnetic instabilities. The focus is both on the newly discovered commensurate CDW transitions in the Pb/Ge(111) and Sn/Ge(111) structures, and on the puzzling semiconducting behavior of the Pb/Ge(111), K/Si(111):B and SiC(0001) surfaces. In all cases, the main factor driving the instability appears to be an extremely narrow surface state band. We have carried out so far preliminary calculations for the Si/Si(111) surface, chosen as our model system, within the gradient corrected local density (LDA+GC) and local spin density (LSD+GC) approximations, with the aim of understanding the possible interplay between 2D Fermi surface and electron correlations in the surface + adsorbate system. Our spin- unrestricted results show that the sqr3 paramagnetic surface is unstable towards a commensurate SDW with periodicity 3x3 and magnetization 1/3.
description: 9 pages, 4 Postscript figures, to be published in Surf. Sci
Additional file 10 of Dual species dynamic transcripts reveal the interaction mechanisms between Chrysanthemum morifolium and Alternaria alternata
Creators: name: Liu, Lina
name: Chen, Fadi
name: Chen, Sumei
name: Fang, Weimin
name: Liu, Ye
name: Guan, Zhiyong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 10:Table S8 Results of KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of chrysanthemum.
title: Το διπλό αίνιγμα: Τζιότρζιο ντε Κίρικο, Δημήτρης Πικιώνης
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: The double enigma: Giorgio de Chirico, Dimitris Pikionis
Creators: name: Lympoura, Theodora
Publisher: name: National Technological University of Athens
Year: 2013
Subjects: Αίνιγμα
Enigma
De Chirico, Giorgio
Πικιώνης, Δημήτρης
Μνήμη
Memory
Χρόνος
Time
Θραύσμα
Fragment
Αποσπασματικότητα
Fragmentation

description: 108 σ.
description: Η εργασία αποτελεί μια προσπάθεια αποκρυπτογράφησης ενός κρυμμένου νοήματος. Κινείται γύρω από την προβληματική της έννοιας τους αινίγματος, στο έργο του Δημήτρη Πικιώνη και του Τζόρτζιο Ντε Κίρικο. Η τυχαία συνάντηση των δύο καλλιτεχνών στο Παρίσι το 1912 αποτέλεσε το έναυσμα για την κοινή τους μελέτη. Το ερώτημα δεν ήταν σχηματισμένο από την αρχή και η έρευνα πήρε τη μορφή μιας αναζήτησης. Τι ήταν αυτό που τελικά αποτελούσε το κοινό νήμα των δύο; Αν και αρχικά δεν φαινόταν να έχουν πολλές ομοιότητες , στην πορεία ανοίγονταν διάφορα και ποικίλα πεδία που δημιουργούσαν κοινά κανάλια στοχασμού. Η προβληματική μεταξύ μοντερνισμού και παράδοσης και η αίσθηση της α-χρονικότητας που έβγαζαν κάποια από τα έργα τους, αποτελεί το πρώτο επίπεδο τοποθέτησης. Ακολουθεί, έπειτα από μια οριοθέτηση κάποιων εννοιών σχετικών με το χρόνο, μια ανάγνωση βάση της θραυσματικότητας που παρουσιάζουν τα έργα της μεταφυσικής περιόδου του Ντε Κίρικο, και της ύστερης του Πικιώνη . Στη συνέχεια προκύπτει η διαπίστωση του τρόπου που αντιλαμβάνονταν τα πράγματα, και τον κόσμο γύρω τους και πως τελικά χρησιμοποιήσαν τα θραύσματα για να οδηγήσουν το θεατή στην «Αλήθεια» τους. Μια τελευταία τους προτροπή για το πως θα έπρεπε κανείς να «βλέπει» τα πράγματα γύρω του, αποτελεί, το μήνυμα που αφήνουν στις γενιές που έπονται, και το κλείσιμο της έρευνας αυτής.
description: This dissertation is an attempt to decipher a hidden meaning. It focuses on the problematic of the concept of the "enigma", through the work of Dimitris Pikionis and Giorgio De Chirico. The incidental meeting of the two artists in Paris, in 1912, was the starting point for their common study. The question was not fully formed at first, giving their research the form of a continuous pursuit. What was the common thread for the two of them, ultimately? Even though at a first glance they don't seem to share many similarities, through the course of their lives many varied fields appeared, creating common channels for contemplation between the two. The problematic between modernism and tradition, and the sense of timelessness some of their work exudes, constitute the first level of elaboration. What follows, after a short reference on definitions related to the concept of time, is a reading based on the fragmental nature characterizing works of De Chirico's metaphysic period, and Pikionis' late period. This research leads to the identification of the way the two artists perceived objects, and the world surrounding them, and how they ultimately utilized fragments to lead their audience towards their "Truth". A final notion from the artists, of how one should "see" their surroundings, is the message they leave for future generations, and the conclusion of this research.
Holographic Bound From Second Law of Thermodynamics
Creators: name: Bekenstein, Jacob D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A necessary condition for the validity of the holographic principle is the holographic bound: the entropy of a system is bounded from above by a quarter of the area of a circumscribing surface measured in Planck areas. This bound cannot be derived at present from consensus fundamental theory. We show with suitable {\it gedanken} experiments that the holographic bound follows from the generalized second law of thermodynamics for both generic weakly gravitating isolated systems and for isolated, quiescent and nonrotating strongly gravitating configurations well above Planck mass. These results justify Susskind's early claim that the holographic bound can be gotten from the second law.
description: RevTeX, 8 pages, no figures, several typos corrected
Additional file 6 of Dual species dynamic transcripts reveal the interaction mechanisms between Chrysanthemum morifolium and Alternaria alternata
Creators: name: Liu, Lina
name: Chen, Fadi
name: Chen, Sumei
name: Fang, Weimin
name: Liu, Ye
name: Guan, Zhiyong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 6: Table S4 Summary of the assembly results of chrysanthemum.
Regularization of Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers emission by periodic non-Hermitian potentials
Creators: name: Ahmed, W. W.
name: Herrero, R.
name: Botey, M.
name: Wu, Y.
name: Staliunas, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel physical mechanism based on periodic non-Hermitian potentials to efficiently control the complex spatial dynamics of broad-area lasers, particularly in Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers (VCSELs), achieving a stable emission of maximum brightness. Radially dephased periodic refractive index and gain-loss modulations accumulate the generated light from the entire active layer and concentrate it around the structure axis to emit narrow, bright beams. The effect is due to asymmetric-inward radial coupling between transverse modes, for particular phase differences of the refractive index and gain-loss modulations. Light is confined into a central beam with large intensity opening the path to design compact, bright and efficient broad-area light sources. We perform a comprehensive analysis to explore the maximum central intensity enhancement and concentration regimes. The study reveals that the optimum schemes are those holding unidirectional inward coupling but not fulfilling a perfect local PT-symmetry.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 9 of Dual species dynamic transcripts reveal the interaction mechanisms between Chrysanthemum morifolium and Alternaria alternata
Creators: name: Liu, Lina
name: Chen, Fadi
name: Chen, Sumei
name: Fang, Weimin
name: Liu, Ye
name: Guan, Zhiyong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 9: Table S7 Mapping rate of clean read mapped to A. alternata to chrysanthemum.
Morphometric characterization of geomaterials’ strength
Creators: name: biot-bazant, figshare admin
name: Guevel, Alexandre
name: Rattez, Hadrien
name: Vekeakis, Manolis
Publisher: name: The Biot-Bazant Conference
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 91402 Geomechanics and Resources Geotechnical Engineering
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering
subject: Mechanics

description: This publication is part of the proceedings of the Biot-Bažant Conference on Engineering Mechanics and Physics of Porous Materials, which took place virtually on June 1-3, 2021. It contains a one-page abstract and the video of the talk that was given at the conference.
An ${\cal E}$-lattice structure associated to some classes of finite groups
Creators: name: Tărnăuceanu, Marius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the present paper we introduce and study a canonical ${\cal E}$-lattice structure on the set of element orders of some finite groups. We show that a finite abelian group is uniquely determined by this canonical ${\cal E}$-lattice.
Radiation from a Charge in a Gravitational Field
Creators: name: Harpaz, Amos
name: Soker, Noam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When an electric charge is supported at rest in a static gravitational field, its electric field is not supported with the charge, and it falls freely in the gravitational field. Drawing the electric field lines continuously in time, we find that they always emerge from the charge, but the electric field is curved and there is a stress force between the freely falling (curved) field and the static charge. The charge radiates and the work done by the gravitational field to overcome the stress force is the source for the energy radiated by the supported (static) charge. {\it A static charge in a gravitational field radiates, as predicted by the principle of equivalence}. This mechanism is similar to the one applied to an electric charge accelerated in a free space. In this case, the electric field is not accelerated with the charge. The electric field is curved, and there is a stress force between the charge and its field. The work done in overcoming the stress force is the source of the energy radiated by the accelerated charge.
description: 9 pages. one figure
Nonmonotonic band gap evolution in bent phosphorene nanosheets
Creators: name: Vlcek, Vojtech
name: Rabani, Eran
name: Baer, Roi
name: Neuhauser, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonmonotonic bending-induced changes of fundamental band gaps and quasiparticle energies are observed for realistic nanoscale phosphorene nanosheets. Calculations using stochastic many-body perturbation theory (sGW) show that even slight curvature causes significant changes in the electronic properties. For small bending radii (< 4 nm) the band-gap changes from direct to indirect. The response of phosphorene to deformation is strongly anisotropic (different for zig-zag vs. armchair bending) due to an interplay of exchange and correlation effects. Overall, our results show that fundamental band gaps of phosphorene sheets can be manipulated by as much as 0.7 eV depending on the bending direction.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables
Worktown 75th Anniversary Exhibition
Creators: name: Edge, Caroline Rachel Alexandra
Publisher: name: University of Salford
Year: 2019
Subjects: classificationCode: 360604
subject: Photography, video and lens-based practice
classificationCode: 360104
subject: Visual cultures
classificationCode: 360602
subject: Fine arts
classificationCode: 360102
subject: Art history
classificationCode: 360103
subject: Art theory

description: Photographic documentation of the 75th Worktown Anniversary exhibition and symposium at Bolton Museum (September 2012 - January 2013).
I curated this exhibition, which was developed in collaboration with Bolton Museum. The exhibition was developed in response to the findings of research to document Bolton Museum's Worktown archive. It featured over a hundred photographs and visual artefacts, many of which were previously unknown or unexhibited.
Free energy and molecular dynamics calculations for the cubic-tetragonal phase transition in zirconia
Creators: name: Fabris, Stefano
name: Paxton, Anthony T.
name: Finnis, Michael W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high-temperature cubic-tetragonal phase transition of pure stoichiometric zirconia is studied by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and within the framework of the Landau theory of phase transformations. The interatomic forces are calculated using an empirical, self-consistent, orthogonal tight-binding (SC-TB) model, which includes atomic polarizabilities up to the quadrupolar level. A first set of standard MD calculations shows that, on increasing temperature, one particular vibrational frequency softens. The temperature evolution of the free energy surfaces around the phase transition is then studied with a second set of calculations. These combine the thermodynamic integration technique with constrained MD simulations. The results seem to support the thesis of a second-order phase transition but with unusual, very anharmonic behaviour above the transition temperature.
Nonlinear Ohmic Dissipation in Axisymmetric DC and RF Driven Rotating Plasmas
Creators: name: Rax, J. M.
name: Kolmes, E. J.
name: Ochs, I. E.
name: Fisch, N. J.
name: Gueroult, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An axisymmetric fully ionized plasma rotates around its axis when a charge separation between magnetic surfaces is produced from DC fields or RF waves. On each magnetic surface both electrons and ions obey the isorotation law and perform an azimuthal E cross B rotation at the same angular velocity. When Coulomb collisions are taken into account such a flow displays no Ohmic current short circuiting of the charge separation and thus no linear dissipation. A nonlinear Ohmic response appears when inertial effects are considered, providing a dissipative relaxation of the charge separation between the magnetic surfaces. This nonlinear conductivity results from an interplay between Coriolis, centrifugal and electron-ion collisional friction forces. This phenomena is identified, described and analyzed. In addition, both the quality factor of angular momentum storage as well as the efficiency of wave driven angular momentum generation are calculated and shown to be independent of the details of the charge separation processes.
description: Submitted to Phys. Plasmas
Infrared reflectivity of pure and doped CuGeO3
Creators: name: Damascelli, A.
name: van der Marel, D.
name: Parmigiani, F.
name: Dhalenne, G.
name: Revcolevschi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the far- and mid-infrared reflectivity (20-6000 wavenumber) of several pure and doped CuGeO3 single crystals. The b-axis and c-axis optical response is presented for different temperatures between 4 K and 300 K. Moreover, a full group theoretical analysis of the lattice vibrational modes of CuGeO3 in the high temperature undistorted phase as well as in the low temperature spin-Peierls phase is reported and compared to the experimental results. We observe the activation of zone boundary phonons along the b axis of the crystal below the spin-Peierls transition temperature.
description: Revtex, 10 pages, 8 postscript pictures, Physica B, in press (1997)
Lippia origanoides
Creators: name: Cardoso, Pedro Henrique
name: Santos-Silva, Fernanda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Verbenaceae
Lippia
Lippia origanoides

description: Lippia origanoides
 Selected material:— BRAZIL. Bahia, Morro do Chapéu, 24 April 2010, V.A.O. Dittrich & T.C. Novais 1662 (CESJ). Espírito Santo, Ponto Belo, 30 November 2012, D.A. Foli 6962 (CESJ). Mato Grosso, C 270 km N of Xavantina, 8 May 1968, J.A. Ratter 1357 (RB). Minas Gerais, Diamantina, Parque Estadual do Biribiri, 19 January 2022, F. Salimena & P.H. Nobre 4083 (CESJ); Tiradentes, Serra de São José, s.d., R.J.V. Alves 967 (R). Rio de Janeiro, Santa Maria Madalena, 28 February 1935, S. Lima 14290 (RB). São Paulo, Itirapina, 17 March 1989, B. Djurangin s.n. (RB 672546).
description: Published as part of Cardoso, Pedro Henrique & Santos-Silva, Fernanda, 2022, What happens when scientists play telephone game? The cautionary tale of " Lippia grandis " and the importance of correct plant identification, pp. 77-86 in Phytotaxa 570 (1) on page 83, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.570.1.7, http://zenodo.org/record/7251553
Respirators, face masks, and their risk reductions via multiple transmission routes for first responders within an ambulance
Creators: name: Wilson, Amanda M.
name: Jones, Rachael M.
name: Lerma, Veronica Lugo
name: Abney, Sarah E.
name: King, Marco-Felipe
name: Weir, Mark H.
name: Sexton, Jonathan D.
name: Noakes, Catherine J.
name: Reynolds, Kelly A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: First responders may have high SARS-CoV-2 infection risks due to working with potentially infected patients in enclosed spaces. The study objective was to estimate infection risks per transport for first responders and quantify how first responder use of N95 respirators and patient use of cloth masks can reduce these risks. A model was developed for two Scenarios: an ambulance transport with a patient actively emitting a virus in small aerosols that could lead to airborne transmission (Scenario 1) and a subsequent transport with the same respirator or mask use conditions, an uninfected patient; and remaining airborne SARS-CoV-2 and contaminated surfaces due to aerosol deposition from the previous transport (Scenario 2). A compartmental Monte Carlo simulation model was used to estimate the dispersion and deposition of SARS-CoV-2 and subsequent infection risks for first responders, accounting for variability and uncertainty in input parameters (i.e., transport duration, transfer efficiencies, SARS-CoV-2 emission rates from infected patients, etc.). Infection risk distributions and changes in concentration on hands and surfaces over time were estimated across sub-Scenarios of first responder respirator use and patient cloth mask use. For Scenario 1, predicted mean infection risks were reduced by 69%, 48%, and 85% from a baseline risk (no respirators or face masks used) of 2.9 × 10−2 ± 3.4 × 10−2 when simulated first responders wore respirators, the patient wore a cloth mask, and when first responders and the patient wore respirators or a cloth mask, respectively. For Scenario 2, infection risk reductions for these same Scenarios were 69%, 50%, and 85%, respectively (baseline risk of 7.2 × 10−3 ± 1.0 × 10−2). While aerosol transmission routes contributed more to viral dose in Scenario 1, our simulations demonstrate the ability of face masks worn by patients to additionally reduce surface transmission by reducing viral deposition on surfaces. Based on these simulations, we recommend the patient wear a face mask and first responders wear respirators, when possible, and disinfection should prioritize high use equipment.
Impact of the distribution of recovery rates on disease spreading in complex networks
Creators: name: de Arruda, Guilherme Ferraz
name: Petri, Giovanni
name: Rodrigues, Francisco A.
name: Moreno, Yamir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a general epidemic model with arbitrary recovery rate distributions. This simple deviation from the standard setup is sufficient to prove that heterogeneity in the dynamical parameters can be as important as the more studied structural heterogeneity. Our analytical solution is able to predict the shift in the critical properties induced by heterogeneous recovery rates. Additionally, we show that the critical value of infectivity tends to be smaller than the one predicted by quenched mean-field approaches in the homogeneous case and that it can be linked to the variance of the recovery rates. We then illustrate the role of dynamical--structural correlations, which allow for a complete change in the critical behavior. We show that it is possible for a power-law network topology to behave similarly to a homogeneous structure by an appropriate tuning of its recovery rates, and vice versa. Finally, we show how heterogeneity in recovery rates affects the network localization properties of the spreading process.
description: Submitted for publication. 6 pages, including 4 figures
Black holes on the brane
Creators: name: Dadhich, Naresh
name: Maartens, Roy
name: Papadopoulos, Philippos
name: Rezania, Vahid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider exact solutions for static black holes localized on a three-brane in five-dimensional gravity in the Randall-Sundrum scenario. We show that the Reissner-Nordstrom metric is an exact solution of the effective Einstein equations on the brane, re-interpreted as a black hole without electric charge, but with instead a tidal 'charge' arising via gravitational effects from the fifth dimension. The tidal correction to the Schwarzschild potential is negative, which is impossible in general relativity, and in this case only one horizon is admitted, located outside the Schwarzschild horizon. The solution satisfies a closed system of equations on the brane, and describes the strong-gravity regime. Current observations do not strongly constrain the tidal charge, and significant tidal corrections could in principle arise in the strong-gravity regime and for primordial black holes.
description: 5 pages Revtex. v2: Expanded discussion, minor corrections, additional references. v3: Improved discussion of black hole properties. Version to appear in Phys. Lett. B
Cosmic acceleration as the solution to the cosmological constant problem
Creators: name: Mannheim, Philip D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we provide both a diagnosis and resolution of the cosmological constant problem, one in which a large (as opposed to a small) cosmological constant $Λ$ can be made compatible with observation. We trace the origin of the cosmological constant problem to the assumption that the local gravitational Newton constant $G$ (as measured in a Cavendish experiment) sets the scale for global cosmology. And then we show that once this assumption is relaxed, the very same cosmic acceleration which has served to make the cosmological constant problem so very severe can instead then serve to provide us with its potential resolution. In particular, we present an alternate cosmology, one based on conformal gravity, a theory whose effective cosmological $G_{eff}$ not only differs from the Cavendish one by being altogether smaller than it, but, by even being explicitly negative, naturally leads to cosmological repulsion. We show in the conformal theory, that once given only that the sign of $Λ$ is specifically the negative one associated with spontaneous scale symmetry breaking, then, that alone, no matter how big $Λ$ might actually be in magnitude, is sufficient to not only make the actually measurable contribution $8πG_{eff} Λ/3cH^2(t_0)$ of $Λ$ to current era cosmology naturally be of order one today, but to even do so in a way which is fully compatible with the recent high $z$ supernovae cosmology data. Thus to solve the cosmological constant problem we do not need to change or quench the energy content of the universe, but rather we only need change its effect on cosmic evolution.
description: RevTeX, 22 pages. Revised, updated version which interfaces with author's recent astro-ph/0104022. Main results unchanged
Critical properties of Ising model on Sierpinski fractals. A finite size scaling analysis approach
Creators: name: Carmona, J. M.
name: Marconi, U. Marini Bettolo
name: Ruiz-Lorenzo, J. J.
name: Tarancon, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present paper focuses on the order-disorder transition of an Ising model on a self-similar lattice. We present a detailed numerical study, based on the Monte Carlo method in conjunction with the finite size scaling method, of the critical properties of the Ising model on some two dimensional deterministic fractal lattices with different Hausdorff dimensions. Those with finite ramification order do not display ordered phases at any finite temperature, whereas the lattices with infinite connectivity show genuine critical behavior. In particular we considered two Sierpinski carpets constructed using different generators and characterized by Hausdorff dimensions d_H=log 8/log 3 = 1.8927.. and d_H=log 12/log 4 = 1.7924.., respectively. The data show in a clear way the existence of an order-disorder transition at finite temperature in both Sierpinski carpets. By performing several Monte Carlo simulations at different temperatures and on lattices of increasing size in conjunction with a finite size scaling analysis, we were able to determine numerically the critical exponents in each case and to provide an estimate of their errors. Finally we considered the hyperscaling relation and found indications that it holds, if one assumes that the relevant dimension in this case is the Hausdorff dimension of the lattice.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures; a new section has been added with results for a second fractal; there are other minor changes
Nearest-neighbour Attraction Stabilizes Staggered Currents in the 2D Hubbard Model
Creators: name: Stanescu, Tudor D.
name: Phillips, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a strong-coupling approach, we show that staggered current vorticity does not obtain in the repulsive 2D Hubbard model for large on-site Coulomb interactions, as in the case of the copper oxide superconductors. This trend also persists even when nearest-neighbour repulsions are present. However, staggered flux ordering emerges {\bf only} when attractive nearest-neighbour Coulomb interactions are included. Such ordering opens a gap along the $(π,0)-(0,π)$ direction and persists over a reasonable range of doping.
description: 5 pages with 5 .eps files (Typos in text are corrected)
Phase Transitions in Bilayer Heisenberg Model with General Couplings
Creators: name: Matsushita, Yasuhiro
name: Gelfand, Martin P.
name: Ishii, Chikara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ground state properties and phase diagram of the bilayer square-lattice Heisenberg model are studied in a broad parameter space of intralayer exchange couplings, assuming an antiferromagnetic coupling between constituent layers. In the classical limit, the model exhibits three phases: two of these are ordered phases specified by the ordering wave vectors (pi,pi;pi) and (0,0;pi), where the third component of each indecates the antiferromagnetic orientation between layers, while another one is a canted phase, stabilized by competing interactions. The effects of quantum fluctuations in the model with S=1/2 have been explored by means of dimer mean-field theory, small-system exact diagonalization, and high-order perturbation expansions about the interlayer dimer limit.
description: 15 pages, LaTeX, 12 figures, uses jpsj.sty, revised version: some discussion to a related model and references added, submitted to the Journal of the Physical Society of Japan
Special Properties of Five Dimensional BPS Rotating Black Holes
Creators: name: Herdeiro, C. A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supersymmetric, rotating, asymptotically flat black holes with a regular horizon are rare configurations in String Theory. One example is known in five spacetime dimensions, within the toroidal compactification of type IIB string theory. Such special solution is allowed by the existence of a Chern-Simons coupling in the Supergravity theory and by the possibility of imposing a self duality condition on the `rotation 2-form'. We explore three peculiar features of such black holes: 1) Oxidising to D=10 the five dimensional configuration may be interpreted as a system of $D1-D5$ branes with a Brinkmann wave propagating along their worldvolume. Unlike its five dimensional Kaluza-Klein compactification, the universal covering space of this manifold has no causality violations. In other words, causal anomalies can be solved in higher dimensions. From the dual SCFT viewpoint, the causality bound for the compactified spacetime arises as the unitarity bound; 2) The vanishing of the scattering cross section for uncharged scalars and sufficiently high angular momentum of the background is shown still to hold at the level of charged interactions. The same is verified when a non-minimal coupling to the geometry is used. Therefore, the `repulson' behaviour previously found is universal for non accelerated observers; 3) The solutions are shown to have a non-standard gyromagnetic ratio of $g=3$. In contrast, the superpartners of a static, BPS, five dimensional black hole have $g=1$. At the semi-classical level, we find that a Dirac fermion propagating in the rotating hole background has $g=2\pm1$, depending on the spinor direction of the fermion being parallel to Killing or `anti-Killing' spinors.
description: 29 pages,1 figure, LaTeX; minor changes, typos corrected, 3 references added; to appear in Nucl. Phys. B
Observations in the Einstein--de Sitter Cosmology: Dust Statistics and Limits of Apparent Homogeneity
Creators: name: Ribeiro, Marcelo B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two-point correlation function for the dust distribution in the unperturbed Einstein-de Sitter cosmological model is studied along the past light cone. It was found that this function seems unable to represent the theoretical distribution of dust along the backward null cone of this unperturbed model, which has already been determined in a previous paper as being apparently inhomogeneous at ranges usually considered as local. Such result was revisited in order to determine more precisely the quantitative limits where, in theory, we can detect apparent homogeneity, and it was found that this may only happen up to $z \sim 10^{-2}$. A different statistical analysis proposed by Pietronero is used, and it appears to be able to represent more accurately the theoretical distribution of dust in this cosmology. In the light of these results, it is argued that the usual practice of disregarding relativistic effects in studies of distribution of galaxies, by considering them as being placed on local regions, seems to be valid only on much closer scales than it is commonly believed. In the Einstein-de Sitter cosmology with $H_0=75 km s^{-1} Mpc^{-1}$, that may only happen in redshifts as low as $z \approx 0.04$, which means that the local approximation seems to be valid up to zeroth order of approximation only. As at present there are many redshift surveys which have already probed at deeper ranges, it seems that in order to compare the Friedmann models with observations we have to be very careful when ignoring the past light cone problem in observational cosmology, either in theoretical calculations or in data analysis, due to relativistic effects which produce observable inhomogeneity even in spatially homogeneous cosmological models.
description: standard LaTeX; 23 pages, 2 tables, 3 LaTeX figures; paper published in 1995 is archived here
Scopula opicata
Creators: name: Mbata, Keith J.
name: Prins, Jurate De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae
Scopula
Scopula opicata

description: Scopula opicata (Fabricius, 1798)
COMMON NAME(S): Geometer moth.
SYNONYM(S): Pigia infantularia Guenée, 1857b; Micronia vanaria Walker, 1861b.
IUCN STATUS: Not Evaluated (NE).
DISTRIBUTION: Angola, Cameroon, China, Côte d’Ivoire, Ethiopia, India, Madagascar, Malawi, Myanmar, New Guinea, Philippines, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Sulawesi, Sunderland, Tanzania, Uganda, Timor, Togo, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
LOCALITY IN ZAMBIA: Mtenguleni in East Luangwa district [Altitude 2400 ft., or 731.5 m], Eastern Province.
LARVAL HOSTPLANT(S): According to the African Moths (2019) webpage, this is a Polyphagous taxon and its larval foodplants include, Lycopersicon sp. (Solanaceae).
SOURCES: African Moths 2019; De Prins & De Prins 2022; Hampson 1910b.
description: Published as part of Mbata, Keith J. & Prins, Jurate De, 2023, Annotated checklist of moths of Zambia (Insecta: Lepidoptera), pp. 1-503 in Zootaxa 5354 (1) on pages 252-253, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5354.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10130434
title: DataCite launches Global Access Fund with support from CZI
Creators: name: Mejias, Gabriela
name: Cousijn, Helena
Publisher: name: DataCite
Year: 2023

description: DataCite is thrilled to launch the Global Access Fund (GAF), established to enable organizations worldwide to make their research outputs discoverable. It will provide financial support for outreach activities and infrastructure development to enable organizations in underrepresented regions to benefit from DataCite infrastructure services. The GAF is part of the DataCite Global Access Program (GAP) made possible by Grant 2022-316573 from the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative.
Additional file 2 of Tryptophan hydroxylase 1 drives glioma progression by modulating the serotonin/L1CAM/NF-κB signaling pathway
Creators: name: Zhang, Jie
name: Guo, Zhangchao
name: Xie, Qiangli
name: Zhong, Chuanhong
name: Gao, Xiangyu
name: Yang, Qiumei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2.
Characterization of color cross-talk of CCD detectors and its influence in multispectral quantitative phase imaging
Creators: name: Ahmad, Azeem
name: Kumar, Anand
name: Dubey, Vishesh
name: Butola, Ankit
name: Ahluwalia, Balpreet Singh
name: Mehta, Dalip Singh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multi-spectral quantitative phase imaging (QPI) is an emerging imaging modality for wavelength dependent studies of several biological and industrial specimens. Simultaneous multi-spectral QPI is generally performed with color CCD cameras. However, color CCD cameras are suffered from the color crosstalk issue, which needed to be explored. Here, we present a new approach for accurately measuring the color crosstalk of 2D area detectors, without needing prior information about camera specifications. Color crosstalk of two different cameras commonly used in QPI, single chip CCD (1-CCD) and three chip CCD (3-CCD), is systematically studied and compared using compact interference microscopy. The influence of color crosstalk on the fringe width and the visibility of the monochromatic constituents corresponding to three color channels of white light interferogram are studied both through simulations and experiments. It is observed that presence of color crosstalk changes the fringe width and visibility over the imaging field of view. This leads to an unwanted non-uniform background error in the multi-spectral phase imaging of the specimens. It is demonstrated that the color crosstalk of the detector is the key limiting factor for phase measurement accuracy of simultaneous multi-spectral QPI systems.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures
Periphery deformations and tunneling at correlated quantum-Hall edges
Creators: name: Zuelicke, U.
name: MacDonald, A. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that, at any filling factor, correlated quantum-Hall systems possess a set of chiral boson excitations which are generated by electronically rigid deformations of the system's periphery. We submit that tunneling electrons can be accommodated, at low energies, in these systems only by periphery-deformation excitations. This property would explain the recent observation of a tunneling density of states at the edge which does not exhibit a strong dependence on the occurrence or absence of the quantum Hall effect and has a power-law dependence on energy with exponent (inverse filling factor)-1.
description: 5 pages, RevTex, final version, to appear in PRB
Fabrication of durable superhydrophobic surface through silica-dissolution-assisted etching template approach
Creators: name: Zhang, Yan
name: Zhu, Xinrui
name: Liu, Yujian
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: A convenient fabrication approach is proposed for a durable superhydrophobic epoxy surface. By duplicating micro-rough topography of the template, covalently grafting with TiO2 nanoparticles, and treating with perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane, the surface shows superhydrophobicity with a high static contact angle (162.0°) and a low sliding angle (2.5°), respectively. And its WCA has hardly changed along with the pH value of solutions. Besides, the superhydrophobic property remains constant even after 144 h long-term UV radiation or 16 cycles of friction tests. The surface also exhibits superior self-cleaning resilience for organic contaminants of oleic acid, kerosene, lubricants, and vegetable oil by TiO2 photocatalysis degradation of pollution.
Amtliche Mitteilungen der Technischen Universität Dortmund Nr. 1/2024
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 080

description: Beitragsordnung der Studierendenschaft der Technischen Universität Dortmund vom 12.01.2024
description: Amtliche Mitteilungen der Technischen Universität Dortmund;2024;1
Antiferromagnet-based spintronic functionality by controlling isospin domains in a layered perovskite iridate
Creators: name: Lee, Nara
name: Ko, Eunjung
name: Choi, Hwan Young
name: Hong, Yun Jeong
name: Nauman, Muhammad
name: Kang, Woun
name: Choi, Hyoung Joon
name: Choi, Young Jai
name: Jo, Younjung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The novel electronic state of the canted antiferromagnetic (AFM) insulator, strontium iridate (Sr2IrO4) has been well described by the spin-orbit-entangled isospin Jeff = 1/2, but the role of isospin in transport phenomena remains poorly understood. In this study, antiferromagnet-based spintronic functionality is demonstrated by combining unique characteristics of the isospin state in Sr2IrO4. Based on magnetic and transport measurements, large and highly anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) is obtained by manipulating the antiferromagnetic isospin domains. First-principles calculations suggest that electrons whose isospin directions are strongly coupled to in-plane net magnetic moment encounter the isospin mismatch when moving across antiferromagnetic domain boundaries, which generates a high resistance state. By rotating a magnetic field that aligns in-plane net moments and removes domain boundaries, the macroscopically-ordered isospins govern dynamic transport through the system, which leads to the extremely angle-sensitive AMR. As with this work that establishes a link between isospins and magnetotransport in strongly spin-orbit-coupled AFM Sr2IrO4, the peculiar AMR effect provides a beneficial foundation for fundamental and applied research on AFM spintronics.
description: Advanced Materials, online published (2018)