cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Influence of emerging alternative products on transitions in nicotine and cannabis product use
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: Rates of nicotine and cannabis vaping have increased dramatically in young adults in recent years as the product range for both nicotine and cannabis vapes has expanded and diversified, and as recreational cannabis use has been legalized in California. As new products and forms of administration for nicotine and cannabis have emerged, increasing co-use of multiple types tobacco use and of tobacco and cannabis among young adults has also been observed and is particularly concerning for the associated physical and mental health consequences. Yet, the factors leading to transition from electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) to other tobacco and co-use of two or more tobacco products, and ENDS and cannabis co-use remain poorly understood. Currently, there are no systems for monitoring the market introduction of emerging ENDS and cannabis vapes to assess their impact on use patterns. This study will adapt existing approaches in data science, quantitative, and qualitative research to develop a surveillance system of emerging ENDS and cannabis vapes to elucidate their impact on ENDS, tobacco, and cannabis use patterns. The objective of this proposal is to determine the effect of exposure to and engagement with ENDS and cannabis vapes on transitions from mono-ENDS use to other tobacco product and cannabis use. Surveillance of digital assets will be conducted to monitor the introduction of popular and emerging ENDS and cannabis vapes as they are digitally marketed during the study period (Specific Aim 1). Highly marketed products will form the basis of a longitudinal survey on engagement with new products and its relationship with transitions in tobacco and cannabis use patterns (Specific Aim 2). A subset of survey respondents will be recruited for in-depth interviews to elucidate how emerging products and other regulatory, situational, and sensory factors influence the transition from mono-ENDS to other tobacco or cannabis product use (Specific Aim 3).
Simultaneously Targeting Tumor and Tumor Microenvironment for Lung Cancer Therapy
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: Lung cancer, which is mostly caused by tobacco smoking, is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancer type and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Despite recent advances in immunotherapies and their combination therapies, which have transformed the treatment of multiple cancers, especially lung cancer, the therapeutic benefit of these revolutionary therapies for lung cancer patients is still limited, and further improvement is direly needed. Based on our recent pilot findings, we have developed a lung cancer therapy dramatically improving the treatment outcome in animal models of human lung cancer that is closely correlated with tobacco smoking. In this application, we will establish an innovative clinically feasible lung cancer therapy to further improve the newly developed therapy and identify prognostic and therapeutic response markers for tobacco smoking related lung cancer.
title: Stichprobe der Integrierten Arbeitsmarktbiografien Regionalfile (SIAB-R) 1975 - 2017
Creators: name: Antoni, Manfred
name: Ganzer, Andreas
name: Vom Berge, Philipp
Publisher: name: Forschungsdatenzentrum (FDZ) der Bundesagentur für Arbeit (BA) im Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB)
Year: 2019

description: Dieser Datenreport beschreibt das „Regionalfile" der Stichprobe der Integrierten Arbeitsmarktbi-ografien (SIAB-R) 1975 – 2017. Der Datensatz stellt die faktisch anonymisierte Version der Stich-probe der Integrierten Arbeitsmarktbiografien (SIAB) dar und wird nach Abschluss eines Nutzungs-vertrages mit dem IAB an Forschungseinrichtungen übermittelt.
Mionochroma vittatum subsp. electrinum Gounelle 1911
Creators: name: Martins, Ubirajara R.
name: Galileo, Maria Helena M.
name: Limeira-de-Oliveira, Francisco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Mionochroma
Mionochroma vittatum
Mionochroma vittatum electrinum gounelle, 1911

description: 12. Mionochroma vittatum electrinum Gounelle, 1911
 Callichroma vittatum var. electrinum Gounelle, 1911: 74.
 Material examinado: Santa Inês (Sítio São Pedro, km 6, BR-222), macho, 13.V.1998, E. Carneiro col., frasco caça-mosca, isca suco de laranja.
description: Published as part of Martins, Ubirajara R., Galileo, Maria Helena M. & Limeira-de-Oliveira, Francisco, 2009, Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) do estado do Maranhão, Brasil, pp. 229-247 in Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 49 (19) on page 233, DOI: 10.1590/S0031-10492009001900001, http://zenodo.org/record/13313584
Implications of Ethics in Professional Life: Usage for Learning and Teaching Process
Creators: name: Chauhan, Ramesh Singh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 170103 Educational Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Professional ethics are a collection of norms and standards which should be considered by individuals in every profession. Regardless of profession or the field of work one belongs to, ethics is an important part of work. Albert Schweitzer says, “Ethics is the activity of man directed to secure the inner perfection of his own personality.” Ethics have different concept according to the context. “Sometimes, ethics means moral values; other times, it means legal limitations on behavior and understood community standards. The role of ethics in our society is very important because it has a large influence on today, as well as the future. We need to learn about ethics because they guide our decisions, make us what we are and also determine our future. The present paper summarises the ethics with the main focus on codes, conduct and proper decision-making in critical cases. This kind of approach of ethics considers the implications for learning and teaching about the shifting emphasis to a professional life, with a focus on the commitment and character of professional practitioners and the specificities of the contexts in which they work. Good Ethics are fundamental requirements of any job, occupation or profession. Sometimes Ethics is considered as a system of moral principles governing the appropriate conduct of a person or a group. Maintaining good ethics is being consistent with the principles of correct moral conduct constantly.
Identifying Promising Strategies to Improve Lung Cancer Screening in Diverse Los Angeles Communities
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: Lung cancer has been the deadliest cancer for both men and women in California for over three decades, with the highest incidence and mortality rates among Blacks and certain Asian subgroups, particularly Filipino, Korean, and Vietnamese men. Prior research has shown screening to be a promising tool for reducing deaths from this deadly disease. Despite being recommended for nearly a decade, lung cancer screening remains uncommon among prior and current tobacco users. Across the U.S., only 6% of those who are eligible for lung cancer screening have received this potentially lifesaving test. The situation in California is even worse; only 1% of eligible California residents have received lung cancer screening, placing California in a tie with Wyoming for last place in the nation with regard to lung cancer screening. This important screening test is mostly accessible through academic medical centers, contributing to even lower uptake among racial/ethnic minority, low income, and immigrant residents who may not receive care in these settings. Few prior studies have focused specifically on population subgroups who may be at higher risk for lung cancer due to smoking history, or have historically worse lung cancer outcomes, but are less likely to be offered lung cancer screening. Therefore, we propose an academic-community partnered pilot study to gather data in diverse communities at elevated risk for poor lung cancer outcomes (Black, Filipino, Korean, Vietnamese, Latinx, low-income white) in the preferred language of the participant. In each group, we will conduct a series of interviews with community members who are eligible for screening as well as with representatives of community organizations and clinics that serve these respective communities. We will seek to understand barriers and facilitators to lung cancer screening so that we may develop appropriate interventions to increase screening, which we will develop, deliver and test in the next phases of our research. As such, this pilot study represents an important first step toward reducing the impact of lung cancer in California and beyond.
Mechanisms of a human 3’ UTR alpha6 nicotinic receptor polymorphism in adolescent nicotine use
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: This research project explores a new path in understanding how the adolescent brain works, specifically in relation to addiction. Our genes contain instructions (codes) for making proteins that do much of the work in our bodies, including transmitting signals to and from the brain. Only a small portion of genes actually code for proteins while the remaining “non-coding” region of genes is less well understood. Instead of focusing on the parts of our genes that provide instructions for making proteins, we are looking at non-coding regions that were previously overlooked. Using advanced tools, we identified a specific change in the genetic code related to nicotine addiction in youth, amplifying the desire for nicotine in both adolescent rodents and humans. This is particularly crucial as adolescence represents a critical period when the brain is uniquely vulnerable to the allure of addictive substances like nicotine. Unlike previous studies that concentrated on specific protein-coding areas of genes, we honed in on a specific genetic variation in a non-coding region. To better understand this, we created a special group of rats with a genetic change similar to what we observed in adolescent humans. This helps us bridge the gap between our animal models and human adolescents. Our main goal is to figure out how this genetic change influences behaviors related to adolescent nicotine use. We believe it might affect the signaling or other biological features of key areas of the adolescent brain associated with reward. By unraveling these connections, we hope to identify new proteins that play a role in adolescent addiction. Understanding how these genetic variations impact addiction, especially considering the rise in nicotine use among California youth, is crucial. Our research could potentially lead to the development of new treatments to help adolescents quit nicotine use. In summary, our work not only contributes to the field of adolescent addiction science but also holds promise for future drug development discoveries, offering hope for a healthier future for the youth of California.
title: Sample of Integrated Labour Market Biographies Regional File (SIAB-R) 1975 - 2017
title: SIAB-R 7517v1
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Antoni, Manfred
name: Ganzer, Andreas
name: Vom Berge, Philipp
Publisher: name: The Research Data Centre (FDZ) of the German Federal Employment Agency (BA) at the Institute for Employment Research (IAB)
Year: 2019

description: This data report describes the "Regional File" of the Sample of Integrated Labour Market Biog-raphies (SIAB-R) 1975 - 2017. This dataset represents the factually anonymous version of the Sam-ple of Integrated Labour Market Biographies (SIAB) and may be transmitted to scientific research institutions after concluding a use agreement with the IAB.
Disturbance of NAD Metabolism by Nicotine and E-Cigarette Exposure
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: Metabolism is the set of processes that allow us to convert everything we eat into everything we are and everything we do. All of metabolism depends on flow of electrons that is mediated by four key molecules termed nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) coenzymes. Nicotine is closely related to nicotinic acid and nicotinamide, which are incorporated into NAD co-enzymes. Though the psychoactivity of nicotine and the toxicity of tobacco and e-cigarette components are well known, the potential of nicotine and other inhaled compounds to directly interfere with NAD metabolism and consequent metabolic processes, such as DNA repair, has not been investigated. Using precise methods to measure NAD metabolism, we will determine whether nicotine and e-cigarette toxicity is mediated, in part, by disturbances of the NAD system. This research has a profound potential to explain hazardous effects of tobacco and e-cigarette components and to help communicate dangers to young people.
Smoking-Related PM2.5 Induces Epigenetic Reprogramming of hiPSC-derived Engineered Heart Tissue
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: Air pollution effects everyone. Each year air pollution causes seven million deaths around the world. 9 out of 10 people worldwide breathe unsafe, very poor-quality air caused by traffic, wildfires, and tobacco smoke. Tobacco smoke from tobacco significantly contributes to air pollution by releasing toxic air pollutants including small particles, that are 30 times thinner than human hair. These particles can be inhaled into the lungs, enter the blood, and can cause serious health problems such as heart diseases. Studies showed these small particles can cause changes that affect the way human genes work. However, there isn't enough information on how tobacco smoke causes developmental and adult heart disease. In this study, I aim to (i) find how are the small particles in tobacco smoke cause disease in the heart and (ii) find drugs that can help prevent it. I will use special human cells, that can develop into many different cell types such as heart cells. I will test cells from 10 different donor to find how air pollution effects every race/ethnic groups. Furthermore, these heart cells can be used to make a simple piece of heart that helps us study the effects of tobacco smoke in the heart. I will test drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration in this heart tissue. The information I will gather from this study will help find new drugs to prevent damage to the heart from tobacco smoke and improve human health.
Building Comprehensive Tobacco Control Services in California Community Colleges
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: Nationally, over the past five years, young adult tobacco use has increased within a context of emerging electronic products, dual and polysubstance use with alcohol and cannabis, and rising mental health conditions worsened by the COVID-19 pandemic. Serving more than 1.8 million students, the California (CA) community college (CC) system is a prime setting to deliver comprehensive tobacco screening, intervention and treatment to young adults, and especially to groups experiencing tobacco-related health disparities such as racial and ethnic minorities, sexual and gender minorities, those from lower socioeconomic status, and rural areas. A better understanding of tobacco use and co-use with alcohol and cannabis among CC students and how to implement interventions to meet their needs are warranted. Inequities in tobacco control from policy, screening, and cessation are evident with CA CCs. As of June 2022, only 62% of CA CCs have 100% tobacco-free policies, while all four-year public universities have been 100% tobacco-free since 2017. Also, the extent of tobacco treatment interventions vary given that only 92 of the 115 CCs have a student health center. A 2021 survey of 30 CA CC student health centers showed that while 93% screened for tobacco use, only 43% provided any interventions. Currently there are no standard practices across CA CCs to deliver tobacco screening and intervention within student health or mental health visits. Building off the work of CYAN’s College Program (community Co-PI) and a TRDRP New Investigator Award on CC’s tobacco-free policy adoption (academic Co-PI ), this pilot CPPRA study will (1) Investigate the extent of student screening and intervention services for tobacco, alcohol and cannabis use among CA CCs with student health centers; and (2) pilot an intervention to increase student engagement and to build CC’s capacity to effectively implement tobacco screening and intervention. In collaboration with CC stakeholders, this study will utilize existing and new quantitative (i.e., student/staff surveys), qualitative (i.e., interviews, listening sessions), and service data from a sample of CCs. This pilot study has potential for significant impact by identifying tobacco use and co-use patterns among CA CC students, and developing a student-centered process to screen and intervene across these substances.
Integrating CHWs into Prenatal Care for Maternal Smoking Cessation: A Pilot Feasibility Trial
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: In San Bernardino County, CA—the largest county in the contiguous US—nearly 12% of pregnant women report having smoked during the three months before their pregnancy. The highest rates of smoking in pregnant mothers occur in rural, low income mothers. African American/Black mothers, Native American, and White mothers tend to have higher rates of smoking during pregnancy than Asian, Hispanic/Latino, or Pacific Islander mothers. The goal of our study from Loma Linda University Health (LLUH) is to develop a tobacco cessation program that expands the outreach to these mothers by introducing the novel component of adding home visits by community health workers who are working together with the doctors providing prenatal care. During 2012-2019, LLUH ran the state-funded Comprehensive Tobacco Treatment Program – the largest maternal tobacco cessation program in the county that, in 2021, transitioned to an LLUH-affiliated federally qualified health center. Our evaluation of the real-world effectiveness of the program identified a high dropout rate by rurality, low income, and ethnicity. Our study will design and test a new program that adds eight home visits by community health workers to provide tobacco cessation support services to pregnant smokers before and after the quit date set with their doctor. Under the new program, the home visit by a community health worker will engage the pregnant mother and her household to help her quit smoking to improve her health and the health of the baby. Data from mothers, their households, and their providers will inform the design of the program. This new investigator application develops a novel behavioral tobacco cessation program for pregnant smokers in San Bernardino County and provides career development for the applicant to conduct larger trials that are scalable to maternal tobacco cessation programs statewide and at federally qualified health centers nationally.
Impact of Language Modality on Empathy and Forgiveness
Creators: name: Hari, Mahika
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: language modality
subject: forgiveness
subject: empathy
subject: accidental harm

description: Language modality, the form in which information is conveyed, has been found to influence perspective taking and theory of mind. Testing accidental and intentional harm stories from the harm doer’s perspective, we broaden previous research by considering the role that language modality plays in feeling empathy towards the accidental and intentional harm doer. We presented 277 native English speakers with spoken or written accidental and intentional harm scenarios and measured their empathy towards the agent and the victim, as well as their willingness to forgive the agent, and their desire to socially connect with the agent. For accidental harm, spoken communication, as compared to written communication, resulted in lower empathy towards the accidental harm doer but similar empathy towards the victim, a lower level of forgiveness, and a decreased desire to connect with the agent. For intentional harm, spoken communication resulted in lower empathy towards the agent and higher empathy towards the victim, a lower willingness to forgive the agent, and a decreased desire to connect with the agent. Taken together, the results suggest that listening as compared to reading accidental and intentional harm systematically influences moral reasoning. This could have implications for how people choose to communicate their wrongdoings to a third party when attempting to win people to their side.
Risk of tobacco product use associated with online racism among Black emerging adults
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: Black emerging adults report second highest smoking rate among racial minority groups in California. A large body of literature suggests that Black individuals' smoking motives may be related to coping with psychological distress and difficulties stemming from their experiences with racism and racial trauma, as a means to self-mediate out of painful emotions. With the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and the recent anti-Black racial tragedies and violence across the U.S., there is emerging public health concern that this substance-related coping may be further exacerbated. Given that smoking is related to a host of long term health risks, exposure to racism, especially within the COVID-19 era, continues to be a serious social determinant that disproportionately increases risk of smoking among Black emerging adults and their long term health disparities. Innovation: Our proposed study aims to expand the current understanding of racism-related tobacco product use among Black emerging adults by focusing on online racism. Growing research suggests that young people of color are more exposed to racism online than in offline settings given the ubiquity of online interactions in their daily lives. They also encounter racism more conveniently and frequently on the internet, including online racial victimization and vicarious exposure to racist contents on systemic racism and race-related hate crimes. These traumatic exposure to online racism has been found to be linked to a host of mental health issues and substance use risk. Controlling for offline racism, our preliminary cross-sectional data shows that online racism was significantly associated with more recent tobacco use (e.g., earlier today) and vaping use among Black emerging adults and these links were mediated by depression and anxiety associated with online racism. Accordingly, it is imperative to explore the tobacco product use risk associated with online racism and examine potential mechanisms using a longitudinal design to identify factors that can be addressed to mitigate early tobacco product use in this vulnerable group. We propose an exploratory-longitudinal sequential design in two phases to understand the relationship between online racism and tobacco product use among Black emerging adults and to identify modifiable mediators and moderators for intervention development.
Effect of perinatal nicotine exposure on cerebrovascular network and post-stroke brain repair
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: Stroke is the leading cause of disability in the US. While the overwhelming majority of research on brain repair is centered on neurons, an increasing body of evidence suggests that vessels play a fundamental role in guiding repair and functional recovery. Identifying the mechanisms that hinder vessel formation in the injured brain is a critical step to developing therapies that efficiently help stroke patients recover after stroke. Among all stroke patients, heavy smokers present larger brain lesions, aggravated neurological deficit, and delayed recovery compared with non-smokers stroke patients, suggesting that cigarette smoking impairs their innate ability to recover. According to the National Center for Health Statistics, one in 14 women who gives birth in the United States smokes cigarettes during pregnancy. In this study, we propose to explore the impact of nicotine, the principal constituent of both combustible and e-cigarettes, on the infants born from mothers who smoke during pregnancy. In particular, we are interested in evaluating the impact of nicotine on the infants' brain vessels.
Tobacco Use and Perceived Discrimination Based on Socioeconomic Status Among Adolescents
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: The majority of adult tobacco users began using as an adolescent, and tobacco use and tobacco-related health disparities are sharply evident across socioeconomic statuses (SES). Adolescents who are low-SES are almost twice as likely to smoke cigarettes or vape as those who are high-SES. Adolescents who are low-SES may use tobacco because of the stress related to perceiving discrimination based on their SES. Extant research, which has focused on adults, has shown positive associations between perceived discrimination based on SES and smoking prevalence. However, there is a large gap in our knowledge about the association between perceived discrimination based on SES and tobacco use in adolescents. Perceived discrimination based on SES is hypothesized to be multidimensional: Forms may be overt (harassment) and subtle (microaggressions). Targets may be adolescents (direct), their friends or family (indirect). Sources may include peers, school personnel, and adults in the community. The proposed research will be the first to examine the associations between perceived discrimination based on SES and tobacco use in adolescents. Preliminary data will be collected over a two-year period from adolescents, parents, and teachers in two public high schools that include a broad range of SES. The PI has a long-standing partnership with the high schools that spans many years. The research will include interviews and surveys. Findings will provide knowledge about perceived discrimination based on SES, which will inform intervention efforts that target perceived discrimination based on SES in order to reduce or prevent tobacco use in priority populations, including adolescents and low-SES groups. Community engagement will draw from the long-term partnerships between Dr. Mello and the high schools. Public presentations will be provided about the relationships between the social determinants of health (discrimination) and tobacco use at the 2 high schools and a community. Trainees from underrepresented backgrounds will be included and mentored. A lay brochure will be created and widely distributed.
Tracing the evolution of pancreatic cancers and implementing vaccine therapy for early interception
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: Pancreatic cancer is a highly deadly cancer, and it is one of the most difficult human cancers to treat, as current therapies are largely ineffective. The five-year survival rate of pancreatic cancer is only 3%-5%. Therefore, catching pancreatic cancer before it becomes too aggressive to treat is very important to improve patient survival rates. In our lab, we have developed a new mouse model that has allowed us to study the early stages of pancreatic cancer development. We have identified a previously undiscovered cell that gives rise to pancreatic cancers. From this, we are attempting to understanding how this cell turns into pancreatic cancer and developing a vaccine to prevent it from turning into pancreatic cancer. As cigarette smoking is a high risk factor linked to the development of pancreatic cancer, this study will provide a foundational understanding of pancreatic cancer development and a possible early interception technique for individuals with tobacco-related pancreatic cancer.
Spatial control of receptor signaling in pancreatic cancer and impact of tobacco use
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest cancers. Smoking is a well-recognized risk factor for PDAC, accounting for 30% of the cases. The goal of our research is to develop a better understanding of the mechanisms leading to the development of PDAC. Ultimately, this will lead to better prevention and treatment strategies for this cancer. In order to communicate with the environment, cells use receptors, which are located on the surface of the cell. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) are one of the biggest family of receptors. GPCRs communicate with molecules within the cell such as the extracellular-signal regulated kinase (ERK), a master switch to control cell growth and survival. Due to its key role, ERK has the potential to convert healthy cells into cancerous cells. Smoking directly or indirectly activates disease-related GPCRs. On the other hand, pharmacological inhibitions of GPCRs halt the advancement of PDAC. Moreover, frequent mutations of GPCR in PDAC indicate the importance of these receptors. However, we are still missing many parts to the puzzle as we do not understand the precise mechanism and the different roles of all players. In our early study, we found the GPCR-mediated ERK activity occurs not on the cell surface where the receptors sit, but instead at the endosomes, vesicles for the trafficking of GPCRs from the cell surface into the cell. Strikingly, blocking this spatially controlled communication reduces the expression of a key cancer-causing gene and the growth of pancreatic cancer cells. These promising data have led to a hypothesis that GPCR-mediated ERK activation initiates at the endosomes and plays an important role in PDAC development via gene expression regulation. In this study, we will elucidate the molecular mechanism of the spatially controlled GPCR-stimulated ERK signaling and determine its functional roles in PDAC development and impart of tobacco use. We will employ cutting edge fluorescence technologies to study this signaling events in living cells. Our study seeks to fill in the gap in our knowledge of the roles of GPCR signaling in cancer development, paving the road for development of new therapeutic strategies targeting PDAC.
title: The good, the bad, and the unseen
title: wild mammal encounters influence wildlife preferences of residents across socio-demographic gradients
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Moesch, Simon S.
name: Straka, Tanja
name: Jeschke, Jonathan
name: Haase, Dagmar
name: Kramer-Schadt, Stephanie
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: human-wildlife interactions
subject: mammals in the city
subject: socio-demographic factors
subject: survey
subject: urban areas
subject: urban wildlife
subject: 910 Geografie und Reisen

description: The article processing charge was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) – 491192747 and the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.
description: As natural habitats decline and wildlife adapts to increasing anthropogenic disturbance, it is crucial to understand human-wildlife relationships in residential areas. However, relevant studies are limited and mostly focused on single cities. To address this knowledge gap, we investigated people’s preferences for seeing wild mammals in residential areas by conducting and analyzing an online survey distributed across Germany (n = 2997 participants). Our results revealed that preferred species (squirrels, hedgehogs, hares, roe deer) were frequently encountered, whereas unpreferred species were those encountered frequently (rats, martens), as well as those encountered rarely (wild boar, coypus, raccoons). We also found a moderately positive correlation between the number of encounters with mammals and them being preferred by humans. Finally, some socio-demographic variables, particularly gender, garden access, and urbanity, are significantly related to human preferences. Based on our results, we propose tailoring wildlife management in residential areas to promote the positive attributes of preferred wildlife as biodiversity ambassadors, while also addressing ways to mitigate encounters and negative perceptions associated with unpreferred species.
Quantitative functional genomics of cancer drivers in small cell lung cancer
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: There are two major subtypes of lung cancer, non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer (SCLC). While SCLC represents only about 15% of lung cancer cases, it is the most aggressive and fatal form of lung cancer, with only 5-10% of SCLC patients estimated to survive beyond 5 years after initial diagnosis. Because of this, a major goal of the field is to identify key genes driving SCLC growth, spread (metastasis to other parts of the body), and response to treatment. By understanding the biology behind SCLC aggressiveness, our aim is to develop novel, improved targeted therapies to help SCLC patients in the clinic. Identifying key genes in SCLC, however, has proven very challenging. Indeed, nearly all SCLC patients are heavy smokers, and the DNA in their tumors is highly mutated from exposure to carcinogens in the tobacco smoke. This makes is difficult to distinguish gene mutations promoting cancer from non-important mutations occurring randomly due to these carcinogens. Another challenge is the lack of robust research pipeline to functionally validate which genes are important for SCLC growth. In particular, the field has developed accurate mouse models for SCLC, in which genetic manipulations in the lungs of mice can lead to the development of tumors that resemble very closely lung tumors seen in human SCLC patients. However, these mouse models can only test one candidate gene at a time in 2-3 years, which severely limits their utility for functionally validating candidate genes in SCLC. My work aims to fill these gaps by identifying top candidate genes using computational approaches and by testing a large number of these genes for their possible cancer-promoting functions in a new type of mouse model. Briefly, my first goal is to develop new genetic models in mice where I can mutate multiple candidate genes in the lungs of mice and quantitatively assess the contribution of each gene to SCLC growth. My second goal is to interrogate how these genes hijack normal biological processes to fuel SCLC growth. These approaches will save time and money to validate candidate genes playing an important role in SCLC while providing deeper insight into how these genes enact biological changes favoring tumor growth. Our hope is that this approach will ultimately help develop new therapeutic strategies in SCLC.
Dyadic psychosocial mechanisms of smoking relapse in sexual minority couples
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: Sexual minority individuals (such as lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender individuals) have higher smoking rates and fewer quit attempts than their heterosexual peers. One potential reason for this disparity is that sexual minority individuals experience greater stress due–in part–to discrimination. It is important to better understand the reasons for this disparity in order to design better treatments for sexual minority smokers who want to quit. Another important risk factor for smoking and relapse during quit attempts is having a romantic partner who also smokes. However, most smoking cessation treatments are developed to treat the individual smoker. For example, immediate responses to stressors (such as feelings of anger or anxiety) are associated with smoking relapse in individual smokers who are trying to quit. Previous research has largely ignored the complex interpersonal dynamics that may alter stress response in smoking romantic partners, and even fewer studies have examined sexual minority couples who smoke. In this 35-day Ecological Momentary Assessment study we propose to address this important gap by investigating the mood and behavior of same-sex couples in which both partners smoke and are motivated to quit. Participants will complete phone surveys for 35 days on several measures that will allow us to examine the complex interplay between two types of stressors (discrimination stress and relationship stress), each partner’s mood and interpersonal behaviors, and smoking lapses and relapse during a smoking quit attempt. Specifically we will examine how discrimination and a partner’s negative interpersonal behaviors contribute to smoking relapse, and how a partner’s positive interpersonal behaviors (such as providing emotional support) can help counteract these stressful influences. This study will provide important information for understanding interpersonal dynamics in sexual minority couples’ smoking and cessation and will lay the groundwork for development of tailored treatments for this population.
Joseph Artario
Creators: name: Schellenberg, Johann Rudolf
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1774
Subjects: StukkateurArtaria, Giuseppe1697-1769
Stuckateur

description: Zuschreibung an Schellenberg auf Grund der Graphik mit Signatur "R. SBerg fec.", vgl. Brigitte Thanner: Schweizerische Buchillustration im Zeitalter der Aufklärung am Beispiel von Johann Rudolf Schellenberg, Winterthur 1987, Bd. 1, S. 143-144, Nr. 192
description: [gezeichnet von J. R. Schellenberg?]
description: Steht als Vorzeichnung einer Radierung in Zusammenhang mit Füsslis Künstlergeschichte
Clonal dynamics in lung adenocarcinoma
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: It is common knowledge that cancer is a disease of mutations and that smoking increases the mutation rate. However, before a tumor develops into cancer, it needs to acquire not just one, but a handful of mutations sequentially. Evolutionary biology is the study of how mutations arise and spread in populations. A tumor is a population of cells, and there is no debate among scientists that cancer is an evolutionary process. Cancer-causing, so called "driver" mutations need to spread in the tumor to evolve into cancer. It has been previously impossible to follow and measure this process of spreading driver mutations in a tumor growing inside a body. I modified a state-of-the-art experimental technique developed at Stanford University to be able to exactly do that: quantify how different cancer driver mutations can spread in a tumor. I am using a mouse lung model to initiate tumor growth using a special virus that only causes cancer in this mouse strain. I then introduce known additional cancer driver mutations in some cells within the tumors using a second virus and the CRISPR genome editing technique. I simultaneously mark the cells with a "DNA-barcode" which enables me to measure via DNA sequencing if the acquisition of an extra driver mutation helped the cell to divide faster and outcompete its neighbors in the tumor. The outcome of my research will have two significant clinical implications. First, by measuring the potential to expand in an established tumor, I will be cataloging mutations based on a novel "real-life" property. This can help to identify mutations and the genes that are most closely linked to cancer development. Second, a recent realization in cancer research is that tumors are much more heterogenous than we previously imagined. Sequencing cells from different parts of a single tumor from the same patient showed very different mutations. The problem that this genetic heterogeneity poses is that even if just 1% of those cells are resistant to the therapy chosen by the oncologist, cancer can relapse after an initial remission. My research will hopefully make a big step towards understanding how genetic heterogeneity is generated and maintained inside a tumor.
Academic Audit and Accountability of Teachers for Improving the Quality of Teaching Learning Process in Higher Education
Creators: name: Chauhan, Ramesh Singh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: India’s higher education system today is the third largest in the world, next to the United States and China. It has become a complex, demanding and competitive reality. With the beginning of new millennium, there is an unparalleled demand for innumerable modifications in the field of higher education, as well as an increased awareness of its importance for the developments in all the directions. Higher education includes all types of studies and research at the UG, PG and further level, provided by universities and other educational organizations which are approved government higher education institutes. Today we witness undergoing vast research work in the field of higher education due to large financial support of government funding agencies, but as a matter of fact, the quality of higher education is continuously deteriorating. To achieve the intended goal higher education institutions require a great sense of accountability, outstanding faculty, and high quality teaching. Committed faculty is the backbone of any higher education institution. Teachers must be able to motivate research interests among students. They must encourage interdisciplinary studies and create awareness among their students about other fields of study. It is a tragedy that large numbers of teachers in most of the higher education institutions in India have not progressed beyond the primitive ‘chalk and duster’ stage. Indian Higher Educational institutions are currently facing multitude of interconnected problems vise challenges of increasing student population, diversity within student group, under-prepared students, increasing workloads and decreasing resources. There are external pressures from funding agencies, accreditation bodies and employers which necessitate the maintenance of quality academic programs through periodic reviews and assessment. most of the universities and colleges are in general, free to develop degree and diploma syllabuses as they please, their teaching and learning arrangements are now subject to an array of external peer judgments, some of which may have direct financial consequences.
Regulation of endothelial GPCR-ubiquitin driven p38 inflammatory signaling
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: Tobacco/e-cigarette and even passive smoking predisposes the individual to severe endothelial dysfunction damaging blood vessels which ultimately impacts all phases of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Cardiovascular disease and chronic pulmonary obstructive disease (COPD) are the leading cause of death in United States according to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), yet the underlying details are poorly understood. How smoking exactly injures endothelial cells, the inner lining of blood vessels is poorly understood and requires further exploration. Smoking related endothelial dysfunction results in production of inflammatory molecules such as thrombin, reactive oxygen species, p38 that disrupt endothelial cell–cell tight junctions causing barrier permeability and vascular leakage that contribute to CVD. Several studies have shown increased levels of thrombin (even in minutes) in chronic smokers. Moreover, other studies showed that blood from active smokers, induced reactive oxygen species production through activation of the p38MAPK protein (a protein that can relay signals to the next protein), in endothelial cells through unknown mechanisms, suggesting a link between thrombin and p38 MAPK signaling. Our lab extensively works on PAR1 a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR), known to regulate endothelial inflammatory responses that are linked to CVD. Previously we showed that thrombin-activated PAR1 is modified by ubiquitin (another protein) and recruits two other proteins TAB2 and TAB1 to turn-ON p38-dependent endothelial barrier disruption, a hallmark of inflammation. We hypothesize that smoke product-induced endothelial dysfunction results in altered p38 inflammatory signaling due to dysregulation of modulators that control PAR1 ubiquitination. We propose to identify molecular mechanisms of how PAR1 gets ubiquitinated and deubiquitinated which controls the p38 ON/OFF switch. Using advanced biochemical, microscopic techniques in cells and mice model system, this proposal will reveal how smoke products modulate PAR1-p38 inflammatory signaling in endothelial cells and identify new FDA approved drug targets for therapeutic development. The long-term goal of this proposal is to identify multiple novel therapeutic protein targets for treatment of CVD and most importantly to create awareness related to tobacco induced adverse health effects.