cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Marginal value controlled reservoir operation
Creators: name: Smith, Gerald Keith
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Techniques have been developed for coordinating releases from a system of water reservoirs to maximize the expected returns from the system. The system is decomposed into single reservoir subsystems linked by various common demands and interdependent releases and inflows. Demands for firm and secondary energy are considered, and thermal generation can be included in the system. Two basic criteria for reservoir operation have been defined according to principles of economic efficiency. In the operation of each individual reservoir, releases should be increased until the current marginal return equals the marginal loss in future returns and, when several reservoirs supply a common demand, the marginal costs of supply from the reservoirs should be equal. Each single reservoir subsystem is modelled and optimization proceeds on three levels. An iterative procedure calculates the expected value of long-term operation, and then employs dynamic programming to determine releases to maximize that value. Annual inflows are treated as serially independent probabilistic events, and a winter prediction based on snow surveys is assumed to provide complete knowledge of inflows during the coming year. The model is then extended to include reservoirs with interdependent releases and inflows. Releases from upstream reservoirs are influenced by monthly marginal values of water to downstream reservoirs in a release adjustment cycle which converges on sets of optimal releases for all reservoirs in the series. Finally, monthly proportions of the common demands are satisfied by each subsystem, and the optimal proportions which equalize marginal costs of production are found. Computational feasibility and optimization criteria effectiveness were tested with several realistic applications. Dynamlc programming dimensional problems are avoided and computational time increases linearly as reservoirs are added to the system. The present model simulates steady-state operation with annual Inflow as the only variable. Therefore, application is limited to problems involving long-term reservoir operation, or the design of proposed projects. However, modifications are outlined to allow application of the system optimization techniques to transient operation.
Apparent Violation of the Wiedemann-Franz law near a magnetic field tuned metal-antiferromagnetic quantum critical point
Creators: name: Smith, M. F.
name: McKenzie, Ross H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The temperature dependence of the interlayer electrical and thermal resistivity in a layered metal are calculated for Fermi liquid quasiparticles which are scattered inelastically by two-dimensional antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations. Both resistivities have a linear temperature dependence over a broad temperature range. Extrapolations to zero temperature made from this linear-$T$ range give values that appear to violate the Wiedemann-Franz law. However, below a low-temperature scale, which becomes small close to the critical point, a recovery of this law occurs. Our results describe recent measurements on CeCoIn$_5$ near a magnetic field-induced quantum phase transition. Hence, the experiments do not necessarily imply a non-Fermi liquid ground state.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures; accepted to Phys. Rev. Lett
Lemming Mesocosm (Denmark): in-situ fluorescence chlorophyll-a calibration, analysis code
Creators: name: Levi, Eti Ester
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: phytoplankton bloom detection
in-vivo fluorescence
spectrophotometry
time series

description: These analysis codes are basically used for testing and calibrating high-frequency in-situ chlorophyll-a fluorescence sensor (Turner Designs, Cyclops 7F) data, collected between 2018 and 2020 in Lemming mesocosm site, Denmark. At this mesocosm site there are 24 tanks with 2 nutrient and 3 temperature treatments (2x3 factorial design).

These analysis codes are used for cleaning in-situ fluorescence data from 24 chlorophyll-a and 12 phycocyanin sensors, conducting various tests for these fluorescence sensors and for calibrating in-situ chlorophyll-a fluorescence data against in-vitro chlorophyll-a data.

In the uploaded folder there are three .R files

LemCP_InSitu_DataClean

Code for in-situ chlorophyll-a and phycocyanin fluorescence data cleaning

LemCP_DataWork_Graphs

Codes for organizing all the datasets, calibrating in-situ fluorescence sensors and plotting figures

LemCP_OutliersTest

This is an example code, showing how the outliers in chlorophyll-a data were defined.
Additional file 1 of Intermittent fasting: is there a role in the treatment of diabetes? A review of the literature and guide for primary care physicians
Creators: name: Albosta, Michael
name: Bakke, Jesse
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
A search for chameleon particles using a photon regeneration technique
Creators: name: Chou, A. S.
name: Wester, W.
name: Baumbaugh, A.
name: Gustafson, H. R.
name: Irizarry-Valle, Y.
name: Mazur, P. O.
name: Steffen, J. H.
name: Tomlin, R.
name: Upadhye, A.
name: Weltman, A.
name: Yang, X.
name: Yoo, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first results from the GammeV search for chameleon particles, which may be created via photon-photon interactions within a strong magnetic field. Chameleons are hypothesized scalar fields that could explain the dark energy problem. We implement a novel technique to create and trap the reflective particles within a jar and to detect them later via their afterglow as they slowly convert back into photons. These measurements provide the first experimental constraints on the couplings of chameleons to photons.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted to PRL, minor revisions to introduction and a more quantitative estimate of reflection condition
MINIMIZATION OF DEFLECTION ERROR IN FIVE AXIS MILLING OF IMPELLER BLADES
Creators: name: Soori, Mohsen
name: Asmael, Mohammed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 91001 CAD/CAM Systems
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The 5-axis CNC machine tools are used for manufacturing free form surfaces of sophisticated parts such as turbine blades, airfoils, impellers, and aircraft components. The virtual machining systems can be used in order to analyze and modify the 5-axis CNC machine tools operations. Cutting forces and cutting temperatures induce deflection errors in thin-walled structures such as impeller blades through machining operations. Thin-walled impeller blades' flexibility can result in machining errors such as overcutting or undercutting. So, decreasing the deflection error during machining operations of impeller blades can achieve the desired accuracy in produced parts. Optimized machining parameters can be obtained to minimize the deflection of machined impeller blades. In terms of precision and efficiency enhancement in component production processes, a virtual machining system is developed to predict and minimize deflection errors of 5-axis milling operations of impeller blades. The deflection error in machined impeller blades is calculated by using finite element analysis. The optimization methodology based on the genetic algorithm is applied to minimize the deflection error of impeller blades in machining operations. To validate the integrated virtual machining system in the study, the impeller is milled by using a 5-axis CNC machine tool. The CMM machine is used in order to measure and analyze deflection error in the machined impeller blades. As a result, by using the developed virtual machining system in the study, accuracy and efficiency in 5-axis milling operations of impellers can be increased.
title: Frontmatter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
Creators: name: Severini, Simone
name: Brandao, Fernando
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Frontmatter
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Preface
subject: Conference Organization

description: Frontmatter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
description: LIPIcs, Vol. 22, 8th Conference on the Theory of Quantum Computation, Communication and Cryptography (TQC 2013), pages i-x
Magnetic reconnection in the era of exascale computing and multiscale experiments
Creators: name: Ji, Hantao
name: Daughton, William
name: Jara-Almonte, Jonathan
name: Le, Ari
name: Stanier, Adam
name: Yoo, Jongsoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Astrophysical plasmas have the remarkable ability to preserve magnetic topology, which inevitably gives rise to the accumulation of magnetic energy within stressed regions including current sheets. This stored energy is often released explosively through the process of magnetic reconnection, which produces a reconfiguration of the magnetic field, along with high-speed flows, thermal heating, and nonthermal particle acceleration. Either collisional or kinetic dissipation mechanisms are required to overcome the topological constraints, both of which have been predicted by theory and validated with in situ spacecraft observations or laboratory experiments. However, major challenges remain in understanding magnetic reconnection in large systems, such as the solar corona, where the collisionality is weak and the kinetic scales are vanishingly small in comparison to macroscopic scales. The plasmoid instability or formation of multiple plasmoids in long reconnecting current sheets is one possible multiscale solution for bridging this vast range of scales, and new laboratory experiments are poised to study these regimes. In conjunction with these efforts, we anticipate that the coming era of exascale computing, together with the next generation of observational capabilities, will enable new progress on a range of challenging problems, including the energy build-up and onset of reconnection, partially ionized regimes, the influence of magnetic turbulence, and particle acceleration.
description: 35 pages, 6 figures, 298 references
Additional file 1 of Understanding perceived access barriers to contraception through an African feminist lens: a qualitative study in Uganda
Creators: name: Potasse, Meghan A.
name: Yaya, Sanni
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Focus group discussion guide.
Violent and non-violent delinquent behaviours linked to problem gambling in teenagers
Creators: name: Kryszajtys, David
name: Hahmann, Tara
name: Schuler, Andrée
name: Ziegler, Carolyn
name: Hamilton-Wright, Sarah
name: Matheson, Flora I.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: 111712 Health Promotion
subject: 111704 Community Child Health

description: This scoping review identified nine studies that examined the association between problem gambling and delinquency in teenagers. The studies were published between 2000 and 2016. Across the studies, there was variation in the tools used to measure problem gambling and delinquency. These studies showed that teenagers who had gambling problems were more likely to engage in violent and non-violent behaviours. This review suggests that problem gambling and delinquent behaviours may have common risk factors. Thus, prevention and treatment providers may want to use more holistic approaches to target multiple risky behaviours in teenagers
The statistical estimation of extreme waves
Creators: name: MacKenzie, Neil Grant
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis contains a review of existing statistical techniques for the prediction of extreme waves for coastal and offshore installation design. A description of the four most widely used probability distributions is given, together with a detailed discussion of the methods commonly used for the estimation of their parameters. Although several of these techniques have been in use for several years, it has never been satisfactorily shown which are capable of yielding the most reliable predictions. The main purpose of this thesis is to suggest a practical method of solving this problem and achieving the best estimate. The basic theory for the prediction of extreme values was described in detail by Gumbel (1958) who concentrated largely on the double exponential distribution which is named after him. An order to evaluate the quality of fit between this law and the data, Gumbel derived expressions which enabled one to plot confidence intervals to enclose the data. The method described in this thesis in partly an extension of Gumbel's work, and similar confidence interval methods are given for the remaining distributions, thus permitting direct comparisons to be drawn between their performances. The outcome of this is that the most reliable model of the data may be chosen, and hence the best prediction made. The method also contains a curvature test which has been devised to facilitate computation and lead more directly to the end result. The particular form of the wave data, which is quite different from wind records, is also taken into consideration and a working definition of the sample tail is suggested.
Multimethodological study of molecular recognition phenomena
Creators: name: Fortugno, Cecilia <1986>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: CHIM/08 Chimica farmaceutica

description: The study of the bio-recognition phenomena behind a biological process  is nowadays considered a useful tool to deeply understand physiological mechanisms allowing  the discovery of novel biological target and the development of new lead candidates. Moreover, understanding this kind of phenomena can be helpful in characterizing absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination and toxicity properties of a new drug (ADMET parameters). Recent estimations show that about half of all drugs in development fail to make it to the market because of ADMET deficiencies; thus a rapid determination of ADMET parameters in early stages of drug discovery would save money and time, allowing to choose the better compound and to eliminate any losers.
The monitoring of drug binding to plasma proteins is becoming essential in the field of drug discovery to characterize the drug distribution in human body. Human serum albumin (HSA) is the most abundant protein in plasma playing a fundamental role in the transport of drugs, metabolites and endogenous factors; so the study of the binding mechanism to HSA has become crucial to the early characterization of the pharmacokinetic profile of new potential leads. Furthermore, most of the distribution experiments carried out in vivo are performed on animals. Hence it is interesting to determine the binding of new compounds to albumins from different species to evaluate the reliability of extrapolating the distribution data obtained in animals to humans.
It is clear how the characterization of interactions between proteins and drugs determines a growing need of methodologies to study any specific molecular event.
A wide variety of biochemical techniques have been applied to this purpose. High-performance liquid affinity chromatography, circular dichroism and optical biosensor represent three techniques that can be able to elucidate the interaction of a new drug with its target and with others proteins that could interfere with ADMET parameters.
Spin Splitting of Dopant Edge States in Magnetic Zigzag Graphene Nanoribbons
Creators: name: Blackwell, Raymond E.
name: Zhao, Fangzhou
name: Brooks, Erin
name: Zhu, Junmian
name: Piskun, Ilya
name: Wang, Shenkai
name: Delgado, Aidan
name: Lee, Yea-Lee
name: Louie, Steven G.
name: Fischer, Felix R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-ordered electronic states in hydrogen-terminated zigzag nanographene give rise to magnetic quantum phenomena that have sparked renewed interest in carbon-based spintronics. Zigzag graphene nanoribbons (ZGNRs), quasi one-dimensional semiconducting strips of graphene featuring two parallel zigzag edges along the main axis of the ribbon, are predicted to host intrinsic electronic edge states that are ferromagnetically ordered along the edges of the ribbon and antiferromagnetically coupled across its width. Despite recent advances in the bottom-up synthesis of atomically-precise ZGNRs, their unique electronic structure has thus far been obscured from direct observations by the innate chemical reactivity of spin-ordered edge states. Here we present a general technique for passivating the chemically highly reactive spin-polarized edge states by introducing a superlattice of substitutional nitrogen-dopants along the edges of a ZGNR. First-principles GW calculations and scanning tunneling spectroscopy reveal a giant spin splitting of the low-lying nitrogen lone-pair flat bands by a large exchange field (~850 Tesla) induced by the spin-polarized ferromagnetically ordered edges of ZGNRs. Our findings directly corroborate the nature of the predicted emergent magnetic order in ZGNRs and provide a robust platform for their exploration and functional integration into nanoscale sensing and logic devices.
description: 7 pages, 4 main figures, supplemental information provided
Irrationality proof of a $q$-extension of $ζ(2)$ using little $q$-Jacobi polynomials
Creators: name: Smet, Christophe
name: Van Assche, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11J72 (Primary); 11J82, 33D45 (Secondary)

description: We show how one can use Hermite-Padé approximation and little $q$-Jacobi polynomials to construct rational approximants for $ζ_q(2)$. These numbers are $q$-analogues of the well known $ζ(2)$. Here $q=\frac{1}{p}$, with $p$ an integer greater than one. These approximants are good enough to show the irrationality of $ζ_q(2)$ and they allow us to calculate an upper bound for its measure of irrationality: $μ(ζ_q(2))\leq 10π^2/(5π^2-24) \approx 3.8936$. This is sharper than the upper bound given by Zudilin (\textit{On the irrationality measure for a $q$-analogue of $ζ(2)$}, Mat. Sb. \textbf{193} (2002), no. 8, 49--70).
description: 13 pages, one reference was corrected, two were added
Statefinder Diagnosis for Ricci Dark Energy
Creators: name: Feng, Chao-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Statefinder diagnostic is a useful method which can differ one dark energy model from each others. In this letter, we apply this method to a holographic dark energy model from Ricci scalar curvature, called the Ricci dark energy model(RDE). We plot the evolutionary trajectories of this model in the statefinder parameter-planes, and it is found that the parameter of this model plays a significant role from the statefinder viewpoint. In a very special case, the statefinder diagnostic fails to discriminate LCDM and RDE models, thus we apply a new diagnostic called the Om diagnostic proposed recently to this model in this case in Appendix A and it works well.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures, v2:minor error corrected in Section II, v3: refs added
Dynamic response of moored floating breakwaters
Creators: name: Fraser, G. Alex
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The problem of finding the response of a moored floating breakwater is examined with particular reference to the effect of the moorings on breakwater motions. A computer program has been developed in which hydrodynamic coefficients are calculated using the finite element method. The complete breakwater-mooring system is modelled using the techniques of plane-frame structural analysis. The importance of the second-order drift force in the mooring analysis is noted. Comparison is made between the motions of an unrestrained floating body and those of a body restrained by slack moorings. A simple approximation for high-frequency motions is proposed.
title: Frontmatter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
Creators: name: Ronchi Della Rocca, Simona
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Frontmatter
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Preface
subject: Conference Organization

description: Frontmatter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
description: LIPIcs, Vol. 23, Computer Science Logic 2013 (CSL 2013), pages i-xiv
Additional file 1 of Influence of established and subjectively perceived as well as evaluated individual characteristics on the utilization of mental health services among individuals with depressive disorders: protocol of a longitudinal study examining how to supplement the “behavioral model of health services use” and on need-congruent use of mental health services
Creators: name: Reinhold, Anna Katharina
name: Magaard, Julia Louise
name: Brütt, Anna Levke
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Schedule of enrollment and assessment providing references and adaptations; An extension of Table 1, which contains references to the development and/or psychometric properties of the instruments for the German and/or English version. Furthermore, all adaptations are indicated.
Towards Reliable Power Electronics Slides
Creators: Huai Wang
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2016

PELS Webinar Slides
Young professionals in power electronics may continue to make efforts in this area in the next 20 to 30 years. Will power electronics have a bright future? What are the trends in power electronics in the coming decades? These may be two of the most raised questions for young professionals. This webinar will firstly share the perspectives of the presenter to have a brief review on the historic development of power electronics and to look forward to the future trends. Secondly, the webinar will discuss one of the future research topics, towards more reliable power electronics beyond efficiency and power density. The challenges and opportunities in this topic and a few examples will also be given.
Energy injection driven by precessing jets in gamma-ray burst afterglows
Creators: name: Huang, Bao-Quan
name: Liu, Tong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Jet precession is considered to universally exist in different-scale astronomical phenomena, including gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). For the long-lived GRB central engine, the relativistical precessing jets will periodically inject kinetic energy into the external shocks, then significantly modulate the shapes of the light curves (LCs) in GRB afterglows. In this paper, we adopt the standard external shock model to investigate the effects of jet precession on GRB X-ray afterglows in cases with different parameters, i.e., the steady or time-dependent jet powers, precession periods, precession angles, and viewing angles. In the case where the jet powers are in steady or slow decay and the jet can sweep across the line of sight, shallow decay (or plateau) segments should appear; otherwise, a giant bump will emerge in the GRB afterglow LCs. We show that jet precession is a new plausible mechanism of the energy injection in GRBs. Moreover, some observed X-ray transients without GRB associations might be powered by the precessing jets.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Tackling the Little Box Challenge: New circuit architectures to achieve a 216 W in 3 power density 2 kW inverter Slides
Creators: Robert Pilawa-Podgurski
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2016

PELS Webinar Slides
This talk will describe new circuit architectures and control methods that our research group developed for the Google and IEEE One Million Dollar Little Box Challenge an international power electronics design competition with the goal to demonstrate the highest power density 2 kW 400 VDC to 240 VAC inverter. I will provide background information on some of the key technical challenges associated with twice line frequency buffering waveform quality and EMI compliance. Following this, I will provide an overview of our recently developed series stacked buffer converter to provide ultra efficient active filtering along with a 7 level GaN based flying capacitor multilevel inverter that enables extreme miniaturization of passive components. Experimental measurements from an FCC Class B EMI compliant 97.6 percent efficient power inverter with a power density of 216 w in 3 will be presented along with a discussion on lessons learned from this design competition.
Imaging reconfigurable molecular concentration on a graphene field-effect transistor
Creators: name: Liou, Franklin
name: Tsai, Hsin-Zon
name: Aikawa, Andrew S.
name: Natividad, Kyler C.
name: Tang, Eric
name: Ha, Ethan
name: Riss, Alexander
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Lischner, Johannes
name: Zettl, Alex
name: Crommie, Michael F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spatial arrangement of adsorbates deposited onto a clean surface in vacuum typically cannot be reversibly tuned. Here we use scanning tunneling microscopy to demonstrate that molecules deposited onto graphene field-effect transistors exhibit reversible, electrically-tunable surface concentration. Continuous gate-tunable control over the surface concentration of charged F4TCNQ molecules was achieved on a graphene FET at T = 4.5K. This capability enables precisely controlled impurity doping of graphene devices and also provides a new method for determining molecular energy level alignment based on the gate-dependence of molecular concentration. The gate-tunable molecular concentration can be explained by a dynamical molecular rearrangement process that reduces total electronic energy by maintaining Fermi level pinning in the device substrate. Molecular surface concentration in this case is fully determined by the device back-gate voltage, its geometric capacitance, and the energy difference between the graphene Dirac point and the molecular LUMO level.
Additional file 1 of A prospective randomized study comparing effects of empagliflozin to sitagliptin on cardiac fat accumulation, cardiac function, and cardiac metabolism in patients with early-stage type 2 diabetes: the ASSET study
Creators: name: Hiruma, Shigenori
name: Fumika Shigiyama
name: Hisatake, Shinji
name: Sunao Mizumura
name: Shiraga, Nobuyuki
name: Hori, Masaaki
name: Ikeda, Takanori
name: Hirose, Takahisa
name: Kumashiro, Naoki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1. Additional patient parameters (physical and biochemical parameters that showed no significant differences between the empagliflozin and sitagliptin groups).
Black hole quantum tunnelling and black hole entropy correction
Creators: name: Zhang, Jingyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parikh-Wilczek tunnelling framework, which treats Hawking radiation as a tunnelling process, is investigated again. As the first order correction, the log-corrected entropy-area relation naturally emerges in the tunnelling picture if we consider the emission of a spherical shell. The second order correction of the emission rate for the Schwarzschild black hole is calculated too. In this level, the result is still in agreement with the unitary theory, however, the entropy of the black hole will contain three parts: the usual Bekenstein-Hawking entropy, the logarithmic term and the inverse area term. In our results the coefficient of the logarithmic term is -1. Apart from a coefficient, Our correction to the black hole entropy is consistent with that of loop quantum gravity.
description: 9 pages
Creep of lumber beams under constant bending load
Creators: name: Fouquet, Robert J. M.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Two sets of data are analyzed in the thesis. The first set was derived from the long term deformations of 2 in x 6 in x 12 ft (40 mm x 140 mm x 3600 mm) joists of Douglas-Fir loaded under constant bending stress to levels lower than or equal to 3110 psi (21.44 MPa). The second set was derived from the long term deformations of 2 in x 6 in x 12 ft joists of Hemlock loaded under constant bending stress to levels of 3000 psi (20.68 MPa) and 4500 psi (31.0 2 MPa) . The analysis shows that the creep behaviour of structural size beams depends upon the material characteristics; specifically, material with a strength lower than 5000 psi (34.33 MPa) appeared to creep 1.5 times more than, material with a strength higher than that level, over a three month period. In addition, the test results support the assumption of a linear relationship between the creep deformation of a structural-size timber beam and applied stress. A method is presented to predict the creep behaviour of a structural-size specimen at discrete times over a three month period. The method consists of expressing the creep deformation, Δ[sub c], in terms of the elastic deformation, δ[sub e], or equivalently, the fractional creep (f = δ[sub c] / δ[sub e]) in terms of δ[sub e] or in terms of the modulus of elasticity. This work is limited to the stress levels investigated and to specific temperature (10°C< θ <30°C) and moisture content (8%<MC<12%) conditions. While this method could be employed in preliminary design procedures, it has been especially designed for more complex studies of the creep behaviour of structures including floor systems, trusses, etc... The advantage of the method is that in this kind, of analysis the modulus of elasticity of the individual components can be used. This thesis also presents a set of creep curves that cover a three year span. These creep curves show that the average total deformation of beams loaded to a stress level of 3110 psi (21.44 MPa), at this time, is approximately 1.6 times the elastic deformation.
Additional file 2 of A prospective randomized study comparing effects of empagliflozin to sitagliptin on cardiac fat accumulation, cardiac function, and cardiac metabolism in patients with early-stage type 2 diabetes: the ASSET study
Creators: name: Hiruma, Shigenori
name: Fumika Shigiyama
name: Hisatake, Shinji
name: Sunao Mizumura
name: Shiraga, Nobuyuki
name: Hori, Masaaki
name: Ikeda, Takanori
name: Hirose, Takahisa
name: Kumashiro, Naoki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2. Adverse events (list of observed adverse events).
Monte Carlo studies of the Ising square lattice with competing interactions
Creators: name: Kalz, A.
name: Honecker, A.
name: Fuchs, S.
name: Pruschke, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use improved Monte-Carlo algorithms to study the antiferromagnetic 2D-Ising model with competing interactions $J_1$ on nearest neighbour and $J_2$ on next-nearest neighbour bonds. The finite-temperature phase diagram is divided by a critical point at $J_2 = J_1/2$ where the groundstate is highly degenerate. To analyse the phase boundaries we look at the specific heat and the energy distribution for various ratios of $J_2/J_1$. We find a first order transition for small $J_2 > J_1/2$ and the transition temperature suppressed to $T_C=0$ at the critical point.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in the proceedings of the conference on Highly Frustrated Magnets 2008 in Braunschweig
Observation of a push force on the end face of a nm fiber taper exerted by outgoing light
Creators: name: She, Weilong
name: Yu, Jianhui
name: Feng, Raohui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are two different proposals for the momentum of light in a transparent dielectric of refractive index n: Minkowski's version nE/c and Abrahm's version E/(nc), where E and c are the energy and vacuum speed of light, respectively. Despite many tests and debates over nearly a century, momentum of light in a transparent dielectric remains controversial. In this Letter, we report a direct observation of the inward push force on the end face of a free nm fiber taper exerted by the outgoing light. Our results clearly support Abraham momentum. Our experiment also indicates an inward surface pressure on a dielectric exerted by the incident light, different from the commonly recognized pressure due to the specular reflection. Such an inward surface pressure by the incident light may be useful for precise design of the laser-induced inertially-confined fusion.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures;Accepted for publication as a Letter in Physical Review Letters(CODE: LP11093)
IEEE Design Automation for Power Electronics Workshop 2018
Creators: PELS Members
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2020

Proceedings from DAPE 2018
Abstract: The workshop organized to understand the problems of design automation in power electronics. With the design of modern power electronics converters and systems becoming a multi-physics problem the users, researchers and manufacturers of energy conversion systems need to jointly identify methodologies used by academia and industry and identify the tools developed to resolve issues during design. Targeting designers, tool providers including simulation, physical design and design for reliability, manufacturers of test and characterization equipment for high power, high voltage systems, and researchers in universities and research labs working on power electronic design automation.
A cosmic-ray precursor model for a Balmer-dominated shock in Tycho's supernova remnant
Creators: name: Wagner, A. Y.
name: Lee, J. -J.
name: Raymond, J. C.
name: Hartquist, T. W.
name: Falle, S. A. E. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a time-dependent cosmic-ray modified shock model for which the calculated H-alpha emissivity profile agrees well with the H-alpha flux increase ahead of the Balmer-dominated shock at knot g in Tycho's supernova remnant, observed by Lee et al (2007). The backreaction of the cosmic ray component on the thermal component is treated in the two-fluid approximation, and we include thermal particle injection and energy transfer due to the acoustic instability in the precursor. The transient state of our model that describes the current state of the shock at knot g, occurs during the evolution from a thermal gas dominated shock to a smooth cosmic-ray dominated shock. Assuming a distance of 2.3 kpc to Tycho's remnant we obtain values for the cosmic ray diffusion coefficient, the injection parameter, and the time scale for the energy transfer of 10^{24} cm^{2} s^{-1}, 4.2x10^{-3}, and 426 y, respectively. We have also studied the parameter space for fast (300 km s^{-1} - 3000 km s^{-1}), time-asymptotically steady shocks and have identified a branch of solutions, for which the temperature in the cosmic ray precursor typically reaches 2-6x10^{4} K and the bulk acceleration of the flow through the precursor is less than 10 km s^{-1}. These solutions fall into the low cosmic ray acceleration efficiency regime and are relatively insensitive to shock parameters. This low cosmic ray acceleration efficiency branch of solutions may provide a natural explanation for the line broadening of the H-alpha narrow component observed in non-radiative shocks in many supernova remnants.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, to be published in ApJ
IEEE Design Automation for Power Electronics Workshop
Creators: PELS Members
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2019

Proceedings from DAPE 2019
Proceedings from DAPE 2019:The workshop organized to understand the problems of design automation in power electronics. With the design of modern power electronics converters and systems becoming a multi-physics problem the users, researchers and manufacturers of energy conversion systems need to jointly identify methodologies used by academia and industry and to identify the tools developed to resolve issues during design. Targeting designers, tool providers including simulation, physical design and design for reliability, manufacturers of test and characterization equipment for high power, high voltage systems, and researchers in universities and research labs working on power electronic design automation.
Sul fenomeno arbitrale nell’esperienza olandese: da Proculo alla Corte Permanente di Arbitrato
Creators: name: Costa, Darjn
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Urbino "Carlo Bo"
Year: 2014

description: [On the Arbitral Phenomenon in the Dutch Experience: from Proculus to the Permanent Court of Arbitration] The contributions of the Roman Law in the field of arbitration are well known, as regards the creation and evolution of doctrinal and legislative bodies of most of the European States. The Elegant Dutch School found interesting solutions with regard to the difference between arbiter and arbitrator and to the framing of the transactio. These theories were based on the principles of the Roman Law which were adapted to the practice and local uses of that period of time. The result was a smart combination of ius Romanum and ius proprium in order to strengthen relationships. All this was aimed at favouring freedom for the parties and short trials.
description: Cultura giuridica e diritto vivente, Vol 1 (2014)
H$α$ Reverberation Mapping of the Intermediate-Mass Active Galactic Nucleus in NGC 4395
Creators: name: Cho, Hojin
name: Woo, Jong-Hak
name: Treu, Tommaso
name: Williams, Peter R.
name: Armen, Stephen F.
name: Barth, Aaron J.
name: Bennert, Vardha N.
name: Cho, Wanjin
name: Filippenko, Alexei V.
name: Gallo, Elena
name: Geum, Jaehyuk
name: González-Buitrago, Diego
name: Gültekin, Kayhan
name: Hodges-Kluck, Edmund
name: Horst, John C.
name: Hwang, Seong Hyeon
name: Kang, Wonseok
name: Kim, Minjin
name: Kim, Taewoo
name: Leonard, Douglas C.
name: Malkan, Matthew A.
name: Remigio, Raymond P.
name: Sand, David J.
name: Shin, Jaejin
name: Son, Donghoon
name: Sung, Hyun-il
name: U, Vivian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a high-cadence spectroscopic and imaging monitoring campaign of the active galactic nucleus (AGN) of NGC 4395. High signal-to-noise-ratio spectra were obtained at the Gemini-N 8 m telescope using the GMOS integral field spectrograph (IFS) on 2019 March 7, and at the Keck-I 10 m telescope using the Low-Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (LRIS) with slitmasks on 2019 March 3 and April 2. Photometric data were obtained with a number of 1 m-class telescopes during the same nights. The narrow-line region (NLR) is spatially resolved; therefore, its variable contributions to the slit spectra make the standard procedure of relative flux calibration impractical. We demonstrate that spatially-resolved data from the IFS can be effectively used to correct the slit-mask spectral light curves. While we obtained no reliable lag owing to the lack of strong variability pattern in the light curves, we constrain the broad line time lag to be less than 3 hr, consistent with the photometric lag of $\sim80$ min reported by Woo et al. (2019). By exploiting the high-quality spectra, we measure the second moment of the broad component of the H$α$ emission line to be $586\pm19$ km s$^{-1}$, superseding the lower value reported by Woo et al. (2019). Combining the revised line dispersion and the photometric time lag, we update the black hole mass as $(1.7\pm 0.3)\times10^4$ M$_{\odot}$.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ (Aug. 16th, 2021). 13 pages, 11 figures
FEPPCON X 2019
Creators: PELS Members
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2019

Proceedings from FEPPCON X 2019
Proceedings from FEPPCON X 2019: Nowhere in the world the impact of global warming is more visible as in the polar regions. In the arctic regions the ice is melting at an accelerated pace year by year and some animals are not able to make their living any more. Many indicators show that CO2 emissions from using fossil fuel is the main factor contributing to global warming coming. Power Electronics plays a crucial role to efficiently substitute fossil fuel based electrical power production and to in  the electrification of transport.  FEPPCON this year is dedicated to explore and discuss the future role of power electronics against this background the event is held in Tromso, Norway- very close to the North Pole- but easily accessible and with modern facilities- the sun will also be visible 24 hours a day at this time of the year.
Theme: Future on power electronics and applications- Challenges, opportunities and research directions beyond 2025.
Specific objectives are:
-	Identify future key R&D tracks and the possible show stoppers in power electronics technology, as applicable to electronic power systems.
-	Identify possible opportunities for disruptive technology research (materials, components, equipment, systems)
The reponse of multi-story prestressed concrete frames to seismic loading
Creators: name: Bannister, David Earl
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis is concerned with the response of multi-story prestressed concrete frames to seismic loading, and the ductility demands of the constituent members. In that regard, an idealized model for the end moment-plastic rotation relationship of prestressed concrete members was developed based on a published moment-curvature idealization for prestressed concrete. The idealized moment-rotation model, which included stiffness and strength degradation, was used to introduce all post-elastic action In a beam-column element, which consisted of an elastic beam connecting concentrated hinges modeled as nonlinear rotational springs. The subsequent use of the element in the nonlinear analysis of a typical multi-story prestressed concrete frame indicated that both the lateral displacements, and the girder end rotational and hinge curvature ductilities would be somewhat higher for a prestressed concrete frame than for a reinforced concrete frame with the same initial stiffness and strength. As an effort to limit deflections, and minimize member damage under moderate seismic loading the use of a higher base shear for a prestressed concrete structure than for a comparable reinforced concrete structure appears warranted.
Detrended fluctuation analysis of intertrade durations
Creators: name: Jiang, Zhi-Qiang
name: Chen, Wei
name: Zhou, Wei-Xing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Trading and Market Microstructure (q-fin.TR)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The intraday pattern, long memory, and multifractal nature of the intertrade durations, which are defined as the waiting times between two consecutive transactions, are investigated based upon the limit order book data and order flows of 23 liquid Chinese stocks listed on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange in 2003. An inverse $U$-shaped intraday pattern in the intertrade durations with an abrupt drop in the first minute of the afternoon trading is observed. Based on the detrended fluctuation analysis, we find a crossover of power-law scaling behaviors for small box sizes (trade numbers in boxes) and large box sizes and strong evidence in favor of long memory in both regimes. In addition, the multifractal nature of intertrade durations in both regimes is confirmed by a multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis for individual stocks with a few exceptions in the small-duration regime. The intraday pattern has little influence on the long memory and multifractaility.
description: 15 Elsart pages including 4 figures and 1 table
SPITZER survey of dust grain processing in stable discs around binary post-AGB stars
Creators: name: Gielen, C.
name: Van Winckel, H.
name: Min, M.
name: Waters, L. B. F. M.
name: Evans, T. Lloyd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: We investigate the mineralogy and dust processing in the circumbinary discs of binary post-AGB stars using high-resolution TIMMI2 and SPITZER infrared spectra. Methods: We perform a full spectral fitting to the infrared spectra using the most recent opacities of amorphous and crystalline dust species. This allows for the identification of the carriers of the different emission bands. Our fits also constrain the physical properties of different dust species and grain sizes responsible for the observed emission features. Results: In all stars the dust is oxygen-rich: amorphous and crystalline silicate dust species prevail and no features of a carbon-rich component can be found, the exception being EPLyr, where a mixed chemistry of both oxygen- and carbon-rich species is found. Our full spectral fitting indicates a high degree of dust grain processing. The mineralogy of our sample stars shows that the dust is constituted of irregularly shaped and relatively large grains, with typical grain sizes larger than 2 micron. The spectra of nearly all stars show a high degree of crystallinity, where magnesium-rich end members of olivine and pyroxene silicates dominate. Other dust features of e.g. silica or alumina are not present at detectable levels. Temperature estimates from our fitting routine show that a significant fraction of grains must be cool, significantly cooler than the glass temperature. This shows that radial mixing is very efficient is these discs and/or indicates different thermal conditions at grain formation. Our results show that strong grain processing is not limited to young stellar objects and that the physical processes occurring in the discs are very similar to those in protoplanetary discs.
description: 22pages, 50 figures (in appendix), accepted for A&A