cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Tully Fisher relation as quantum gravitational effect
Creators: name: PERIAT, Thierry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: cross products,deformations,Hartree-Fock states,Klein-Gordon equation,Tully-Fisher relation

description: A. Einstein's general theory of relativity predicts that any spinning gravitational source drags the space-time structure with it. It is the so-called Thirring-Lense effect. This effect has been measured and confirmed with the Gravity Probe B experiment. This document goes a step further in proposing and analyzing the consequences of a simple hypothesis: ``The Thirring-Lense effect generates a Klein-Gordon massive wave''. A renewed mathematical analysis of the Klein-Gordon equation is realized. That analysis loans elements to the theory of deformed algebras and introduces usual tools appearing in a theory of quantum mechanics. A confrontation mixing the hypothesis and this new analysis yields a law which I propose to interpret as being the Tully-Fisher relation. This demonstration suggests that the kinetic behavior of arms in spiral galaxies is the macroscopic and amplified expression of a quantum gravitational phenomenon
The Directed Dominating Set Problem: Generalized Leaf Removal and Belief Propagation
Creators: name: Habibulla, Yusupjan
name: Zhao, Jin-Hua
name: Zhou, Hai-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A minimum dominating set for a digraph (directed graph) is a smallest set of vertices such that each vertex either belongs to this set or has at least one parent vertex in this set. We solve this hard combinatorial optimization problem approximately by a local algorithm of generalized leaf removal and by a message-passing algorithm of belief propagation. These algorithms can construct near-optimal dominating sets or even exact minimum dominating sets for random digraphs and also for real-world digraph instances. We further develop a core percolation theory and a replica-symmetric spin glass theory for this problem. Our algorithmic and theoretical results may facilitate applications of dominating sets to various network problems involving directed interactions.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures in EPS format
Factors Influencing Follow-Up to Newborn Hearing Screening for Infants Who Are Hard of Hearing
Creators: name: Moeller, Mary Pat
name: Walker, Elizabeth
name: Holte, Lenore
name: Ou, Hua
name: Tomblin, J. Bruce
name: Roush, Patricia
name: Spratford, Meredith
name: Oleson, Jacob
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: To document the epidemiological characteristics of a group of hard-of-hearing children, to identify individual predictor variables for timely follow-up after a failed newborn hearing screen, and to identify barriers to follow-up encountered by families.
LEVCHEM_v1 model files for Suciu et al. A zero-dimensional view of atmospheric degradation of levoglucosan (LEVCHEM_v1) using numerical chamber simulations
Creators: name: Suciu, Loredana G.
name: Griffin, Robert J.
name: Masiello, Caroline A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: LEVCHEM_v1

description: "LEVCHEM_v1_files.rar" contains code and data used to generate results presented in Suciu, L. G., Griffin, R. J., and Masiello, C. A.: A zero-dimensional view of atmospheric degradation of levoglucosan (LEVCHEM_v1) using numerical chamber simulations, Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2020-189, in review, 2020. A detailed description of its content is given in "Suciu et al - Documentation of LEVCHEM_v1 archive.pdf".
description: {"references": ["Suciu, L. G., Griffin, R. J., and Masiello, C. A.: A zero-dimensional view of atmospheric degradation of levoglucosan (LEVCHEM_v1) using numerical chamber simulations, Geosci. Model Dev. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-2020-189, in review, 2020"]}
Development and Preliminary Evaluation of a Pediatric Spanish–English Speech Perception Task
Creators: name: Leibold, Lori J.
name: Calandruccio, Lauren
name: Buss, Emily
name: Gomez, Bianca
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: To develop a task to evaluate children’s English and Spanish speech perception abilities in either noise or competing speech maskers.
Learning the Composition of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays
Creators: name: Bortolato, Blaz
name: Kamenik, Jernej F.
name: Tammaro, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply statistical inference on the Pierre Auger Open Data to discern for the first time the full mass composition of cosmic rays at different energies. Working with longitudinal electromagnetic profiles of cosmic ray showers, in particular their peaking depths $X_{\rm max}$, we employ central moments of the $X_{\rm max}$ distributions as features to discriminate between different shower compositions. We find that already the first few moments entail the most relevant information to infer the primary cosmic ray mass spectrum. Our approach, based on an unbinned likelihood, allows us to consistently account for sources of statistical uncertainties due to finite datasets, both measured and simulated, as well as systematic effects. Finally, we provide a quantitative comparison of different high energy hadronic interaction models available in the atmospheric shower simulation codes.
description: 28 pages + 16 page Appendix, 27 figures
Factorizations of Elements in Noncommutative Rings: A Survey
Creators: name: Smertnig, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We survey results on factorizations of non zero-divisors into atoms (irreducible elements) in noncommutative rings. The point of view in this survey is motivated by the commutative theory of non-unique factorizations. Topics covered include unique factorization up to order and similarity, 2-firs, and modular LCM domains, as well as UFRs and UFDs in the sense of Chatters and Jordan and generalizations thereof. We recall arithmetical invariants for the study of non-unique factorizations, and give transfer results for arithmetical invariants in matrix rings, rings of triangular matrices, and classical maximal orders as well as classical hereditary orders in central simple algebras over global fields.
description: 50 pages, comments welcome
Atomic Inversion and Entanglement Dynamics for Squeezed Coherent Thermal States in the Jaynes-Cummings Model
Creators: name: Mandal, Koushik
name: Satyanarayana, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The tussling interplay between the thermal photons and the squeezed photons is discussed. The `classical noise' is represented by the thermal photons and the `quantum noise' is represented by the squeezed photons, which are pitted against each other in the background of a coherent field (represented by the coherent photons). The photon counting distribution (PCD) corresponding to the squeezed coherent thermal states are employed for this purpose. It is observed that the addition of thermal photons and squeezed photons have counterbalancing effects, by delocalizing and localizing the PCD, respectively. Various aspects of the atom-field interaction, like the atomic inversion, entanglement dynamics in the Jaynes-Cummings model have been investigated. Particular attention is given to the study of atomic inversion and entanglement dynamics due to the addition of thermal and squeezed photons to the coherent state. The interplay of thermal photons and squeezed photons have drastic effects on the PCD, atomic inversion and entanglement dynamics of the atom-field interaction.
description: This research article contains 10 pages and 15 figures
Effects of Low-Pass Filtering on the Perception of Word-Final Plurality Markers in Children and Adults With Normal Hearing
Creators: name: Hodson, Hannah
name: Calandruccio, Lauren
name: McCreery, Ryan W.
name: Leibold, Lori J.
name: Bussa, Emily
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of low-pass filtering on the detection of word-final /s/ and /z/ for children and adults with normal hearing.
Present and Future constraints on Secluded Dark Matter in the Galactic Halo with TeV Gamma-ray Observatories
Creators: name: Fortes, Guilherme
name: Queiroz, Farinaldo
name: Siqueira, Clarissa
name: Viana, Aion
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dark matter relic density may be governed by the presence of new mediators that connect the dark matter field with the Standard Model particles. When the dark matter particle mass is larger than the mediator's, the pair production of mediators is kinematically open. This setup is known in the literature as secluded dark matter. Motivated by the appearance of secluded dark matter in several model building endeavours, we investigate the sensitivity of TeV gamma-ray instruments in the Southern Hemisphere namely, H.E.S.S., CTA, and SWGO to secluded dark matter annihilating in the Galactic Halo. We exploit the complementarity aspects of these detectors to find restrictive bounds on the annihilation cross-section for different annihilation channels. In particular, for a dark matter particle mass of $2$~TeV, H.E.S.S. is able to constraint $\langle σv \rangle \geq 4 \times 10^{-26}\,\, {\rm cm}^3\, {\rm s}^{-1}$ at 95\% confidence level for the $4q$ and $4τ$ channel, while CTA will be sensitive to $\langle σv \rangle \geq 7 \times 10^{-27}\,\, {\rm cm}^3\, {\rm s}^{-1}$ and SWGO $\langle σv \rangle \geq 6 \times 10^{-27}\,\, {\rm cm}^3\, {\rm s}^{-1}$ for the $4τ$ channel, both well below the thermal relic cross-section. In fact, the combination of CTA and SWGO will be able to probe cross-sections below the thermal relic value for dark matter particles in the whole mass range between 100 GeV and 100 TeV in the $4q$ and $4τ$ channels, and between 100 GeV and $\sim$40 TeV in the $4b$ channel.
description: 20 pages
(100884) John Smith
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Qualitative aspects of counting real rational curves on real K3 surfaces
Creators: name: Kharlamov, Viatcheslav
name: Rasdeaconu, Rares
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study qualitative aspects of the Welschinger-like $\mathbb Z$-valued count of real rational curves on primitively polarized real $K3$ surfaces. In particular, we prove that with respect to the degree of the polarization, at logarithmic scale, the rate of growth of the number of such real rational curves is, up to a constant factor, the rate of growth of the number of complex rational curves. We indicate a few instances when the lower bound for the number of real rational curves provided by our count is sharp. In addition, we exhibit various congruences between real and complex counts.
description: corrected typos, accepted for publication
Case managers' experiences of engagement with service users in UK early intervention services
Creators: name: Henderson, Paul
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2023

description: Background: Early intervention services (EIS) were set up during the 1990s worldwide to provide support and treatment for individuals experiencing first-episode psychosis (FEP) to reduce delay of treatment. Staff engagement with individuals with FEP in EIS settings is important to reduce the longer-term impact of this condition and promote recovery. Further qualitative understanding is required due to a paucity of evidence exploring engagement from the perspectives of staff in these settings. Aim: To explore and understand case managers’ experiences of engagement with service users in early intervention settings. Methods: A systematic review of qualitative literature was undertaken and followed by a primary qualitative study. Seven case managers from mental health nursing backgrounds and working in EI services were purposively sampled and interviewed from a single NHS Foundation Trust. Semi-structured interviews were used. Interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA) of transcripts was undertaken following six stages. Results: The reviewed literature identified three key themes influencing engagement: 1) Being authentic based on real dialogue and collaboration 2) Pushing against barriers- engaging against all odds 3) The chameleon effect- the skill of being adaptable. Five master themes were identified from the primary qualitative study as key to engagement: (1) Being on the same page; (2) Engagement as an interpersonal relationship; (3) Managing self and emotions; (4) The practicalities of engagement (5) The impact of organisational factors upon engagement. Discussion: Engagement was experienced as multi-faceted, complex, and changeable. Collaboration, trust, and shared understanding were identified as important elements to effectively engage. Conclusions: Engagement in the context of EIS can be defined as a mutually beneficial connection that takes place between service users and staff which allows for implementation of treatment. Engagement strategies found helpful were trust, therapeutic dialogue, shared understanding, collaboration, and practical approaches. Further exploratory research should be conducted across multiple UK settings, to further build on and understand engagement within the wider EIS context.
Timeliness of Service Delivery for Children With Later-Identified Mild-to-Severe Hearing Loss
Creators: name: Oleson, Jacob
name: Welhaven, Anne
name: Holte, Lenore
name: Walker, Elizabeth A.
name: Spratford, Meredith
name: Harrison, Melody
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: This study examined diagnostic and intervention services for children identified with hearing loss (HL) after the newborn period.
title: Risk factors for failed systolic acquisitions in ECG synchronised high-pitch CT-angiographies for TAVR planning
Creators: name: Baumann, Alena
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Cardiac
subject: Vascular
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: CT
subject: Audit and standards
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Quality assurance

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: There is substantial evidence demonstrating the importance of systolic phase acquisitions in CT angiographies of the heart for TAVR planning due to the configurational change of the aortic annulus during the cardiac cycle. The purpose of this study...
Early warning of large volatilities based on recurrence interval analysis in Chinese stock markets
Creators: name: Jiang, Zhi-Qiang
name: Canabarro, Askery A.
name: Podobnik, Boris
name: Stanley, H. Eugene
name: Zhou, Wei-Xing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: Risk Management (q-fin.RM)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Being able to forcast extreme volatility is a central issue in financial risk management. We present a large volatility predicting method based on the distribution of recurrence intervals between volatilities exceeding a certain threshold $Q$ for a fixed expected recurrence time $τ_Q$. We find that the recurrence intervals are well approximated by the $q$-exponential distribution for all stocks and all $τ_Q$ values. Thus a analytical formula for determining the hazard probability $W(Δt |t)$ that a volatility above $Q$ will occur within a short interval $Δt$ if the last volatility exceeding $Q$ happened $t$ periods ago can be directly derived from the $q$-exponential distribution, which is found to be in good agreement with the empirical hazard probability from real stock data. Using these results, we adopt a decision-making algorithm for triggering the alarm of the occurrence of the next volatility above $Q$ based on the hazard probability. Using a "receiver operator characteristic" (ROC) analysis, we find that this predicting method efficiently forecasts the occurrance of large volatility events in real stock data. Our analysis may help us better understand reoccurring large volatilities and more accurately quantify financial risks in stock markets.
description: 13 pages and 7 figures
title: Next-generation digital PET for therapy response assessment of bladder cancer
Creators: name: Binzel, Katherine
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Urinary Tract / Bladder
subject: PET-CT
subject: Molecular imaging

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Urothelial carcinoma of the bladder is the 4 th most common cancer among men and 9 th most common among women in the United States. Patients enrolled in a clinical trial [1] aiming to evaluate a more effective treatment of advanced urothelial cancer...
Chiral perturbation theory for three-flavour lattice QCD with isospin splitting
Creators: name: Engelnkemper, Sebastian
name: Münster, Gernot
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An important tool for the analysis of results of numerical simulations of lattice QCD is chiral perturbation theory. In Wilson chiral perturbation theory the effects of the finite lattice spacing $a$ are taken into account. In recent years the effects of isospin splitting on the masses of hadrons have been investigated in Monte Carlo simulations. Correspondingly, in this article we derive the expansions of the masses of the pseudoscalar mesons in chiral perturbation theory at next-to-leading order for twisted mass lattice QCD with three light quark flavours, taking the mass difference between the up and down quarks into account. The results include terms up to orders $m_q^2$ in the quark masses, $Δm^2$ in the mass splitting between up- and down quarks, and $a^2$ in the lattice spacing, respectively.
description: 12 pages, revised version, as published
Administration of Safety in Educational Institutions under the Office of Nakhon Ratchasima Secondary Education Service Area
Creators: name: Supak Loeiklang
Publisher: name: DR.KEN Institute of Academic Development and Promotion
Year: 2023
Subjects: Safety Management
Nakhon Ratchasima Secondary Educational Service Area Office

description: Interdisciplinary Academic and Research Journal, 3, 1, 465-474
Temporal Processing Deficits in Middle Age
Creators: name: Mamo, Sara K.
name: Hall, Joseph W.
name: Grose, John H.
name: Buss, Emily
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The purpose of this brief report is to provide a synopsis of recent work, primarily from the authors' laboratory, that points to the emergence of temporal processing deficits relatively early in the aging process.
title: Accuracy of registration in subtraction contrast-enhanced CT of the chest
Creators: name: Grob, Dagmar
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Lung
subject: Thorax
subject: Respiratory system
subject: CT
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Computer Applications-Virtual imaging
subject: Quality assurance

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Distribution in the lungs of intravascular administered iodine can be used as a marker for pulmonary perfusion, for instance for assessing severity of pulmonary embolism (1, 2), and for characterisation of lung masses (3) and interstitial lung...
title: The influence of imaging to surgery interval upon recurrence of pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Creators: name: Murphy, Stephen
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Pancreas
subject: CT
subject: Surgery

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is a leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide and its management is challenging. While complete (R0) resection is potentially curative, only a minority of patients are eligiblefor this treatment at time of diagnosis 1...
Spin dynamics in relativistic light-matter interaction
Creators: name: Bauke, Heiko
name: Ahrens, Sven
name: Keitel, Christoph H.
name: Grobe, Rainer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Various spin effects are expected to become observable in light-matter interaction at relativistic intensities. Relativistic quantum mechanics equipped with a suitable relativistic spin operator forms the theoretical foundation for describing these effects. Various proposals for relativistic spin operators have been offered by different authors, which are presented in a unified way. As a result of the operators' mathematical properties only the Foldy-Wouthuysen operator and the Pryce operator qualify as possible proper relativistic spin operators. The ground states of highly charged hydrogen-like ions can be utilized to identify a legitimate relativistic spin operator experimentally. Subsequently, the Foldy-Wothuysen spin operator is employed to study electron-spin precession in high-intensity standing light waves with elliptical polarization. For a correct theoretical description of the predicted electron-spin precession relativistic effects due to the spin angular momentum of the electromagnetic wave has to be taken into account even in the limit of low intensities.
Star Formation histories and Chemical enrichment using neural networks
Creators: name: Galceran, Enrique
name: Sánchez-Blázquez, Patricia
name: Collaboration, The PHANGS
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: We present spatially resolved Star Formation Histories and metallicity evolution on nearby galaxies. We use Convolutional Neural Networks with a combination of MUSE optical spectroscopy and HST photometry in the UV range. Combined with the high-resolution CO emission information from the PHANGS catalogue, this analysis will allow to infer the timescales for star formation and cloud destruction in different galaxy environments, providing clues about the dominant mechanisms of stellar feedback.
Star Formation histories and Chemical enrichment using neural networks
Creators: name: Galceran, Enrique
name: Sánchez-Blázquez, Patricia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: We present spatially resolved Star Formation Histories and metallicity evolution on nearby galaxies. We use Convolutional Neural Networks with a combination of MUSE optical spectroscopy and HST photometry in the UV range. Combined with the high-resolution CO emission information from the PHANGS catalogue, this analysis will allow to infer the timescales for star formation and cloud destruction in different galaxy environments, providing clues about the dominant mechanisms of stellar feedback.
title: Persistent primitive trigeminal artery: An unusual cause of trigeminal neuralgia
Creators: name: Pinales-Razo, Ricardo
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology
subject: CNS
subject: MR
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 55-year-old female patient who presented with a 10-year history of left hemiface pain 8 out of 10 in the visual analogue scale. The patient attended multiple physicians who prescribed carbamazepine and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) with no improvement. Due to this condition, a magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] was performed. After the MRI, NSAIDs such as celecoxib were prescribed to control neuralgia.

description: 55 years, female
title: MDCT pulmonary angiography in patients with suspected pulmonary embolism in the emergency department: correlation of presence and distribution with D-dimer levels
Creators: name: FAENZA, SIMONE
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Pulmonary vessels
subject: Emergency
subject: Thorax
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Embolism / Thrombosis

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Pulmonary Embolism (PE) is reported as the third most frequent cause of cardiovascular disease [1] and it may be also lethal in the acute phase or lead to chronic disability. According to an epidemiological model, over 317’000 deaths were related...
DRIVE: Dockerfile Rule Mining and Violation Detection
Creators: name: Zhou, Yu
name: Zhan, Weilin
name: Li, Zi
name: Han, Tingting
name: Chen, Taolue
name: Gall, Harald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A Dockerfile defines a set of instructions to build Docker images, which can then be instantiated to support containerized applications. Recent studies have revealed a considerable amount of quality issues with Dockerfiles. In this paper, we propose a novel approach DRIVE (Dockerfiles Rule mIning and Violation dEtection) to mine implicit rules and detect potential violations of such rules in Dockerfiles. DRIVE firstly parses Dockerfiles and transforms them to an intermediate representation. It then leverages an efficient sequential pattern mining algorithm to extract potential patterns. With heuristic-based reduction and moderate human intervention, potential rules are identified, which can then be utilized to detect potential violations of Dockerfiles. DRIVE identifies 34 semantic rules and 19 syntactic rules including 9 new semantic rules which have not been reported elsewhere. Extensive experiments on real-world Dockerfiles demonstrate the efficacy of our approach.
title: Comparison between ultrasound and surgical findings in the evaluation of equivocal groin hernias
Creators: name: Jayaram, Prem
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Colon
subject: Anatomy
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Audit and standards
subject: Hernia

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Groin masses and pain are a common complaint among both genders. They are frequently caused by hernias, and commonly contain fat or bowel. These may be reducible or non-reducible, with the potential to strangulate and cause ischaemia or bowel...
Guaranteed Blind Sparse Spikes Deconvolution via Lifting and Convex Optimization
Creators: name: Chi, Yuejie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Neural recordings, returns from radars and sonars, images in astronomy and single-molecule microscopy can be modeled as a linear superposition of a small number of scaled and delayed copies of a band-limited or diffraction-limited point spread function, which is either determined by the nature or designed by the users; in other words, we observe the convolution between a point spread function and a sparse spike signal with unknown amplitudes and delays. While it is of great interest to accurately resolve the spike signal from as few samples as possible, however, when the point spread function is not known a priori, this problem is terribly ill-posed. This paper proposes a convex optimization framework to simultaneously estimate the point spread function as well as the spike signal, by mildly constraining the point spread function to lie in a known low-dimensional subspace. By applying the lifting trick, we obtain an underdetermined linear system of an ensemble of signals with joint spectral sparsity, to which atomic norm minimization is applied. Under mild randomness assumptions of the low-dimensional subspace as well as a separation condition of the spike signal, we prove the proposed algorithm, dubbed as AtomicLift, is guaranteed to recover the spike signal up to a scaling factor as soon as the number of samples is large enough. The extension of AtomicLift to handle noisy measurements is also discussed. Numerical examples are provided to validate the effectiveness of the proposed approaches.
(100886) Selina Eliza Smith
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Development of a software plug-in for non-gaussian diffusion MRI data: application to breast
Creators: name: Amorim, Ana
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Cancer

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) has become an important tool for breast cancer diagnosis. Biological tissues have diverse barriers and present compartments that restrict free displacement of water molecules; therefore making non-Gaussian models...
title: Spleen size assessed by ultrasound and its correlation with age and sex
Creators: name: Scapin, Elisa
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Spleen
subject: Anatomy
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Diagnostic procedure

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The purpose of this research was to analyze whether there is a correlation between spleen size measured by ultrasound (US), age and gender, in likely healthy...
(100887) Charles Henry Cherry
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Evidence for superconductivity in Li-decorated monolayer graphene
Creators: name: Ludbrook, Bart
name: Levy, Giorgio
name: Nigge, Pascal
name: Zonno, Marta
name: Schneider, Michael
name: Dvorak, David
name: Veenstra, Christian
name: Zhdanovich, Sergey
name: Wong, Douglas
name: Dosanjh, Pinder
name: Straßer, Carola
name: Stohr, Alexander
name: Forti, Stiven
name: Ast, Christian
name: Starke, Ulrich
name: Damascelli, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Monolayer graphene exhibits many spectacular electronic properties, with superconductivity being arguably the most notable exception. It was theoretically proposed that superconductivity might be induced by enhancing the electron-phonon coupling through the decoration of graphene with an alkali adatom superlattice [Profeta et al. Nat. Phys. 8, 131-134 (2012)]. While experiments have indeed demonstrated an adatom-induced enhancement of the electron-phonon coupling, superconductivity has never been observed. Using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) we show that lithium deposited on graphene at low temperature strongly modifies the phonon density of states, leading to an enhancement of the electron-phonon coupling of up to $λ\!\simeq\!0.58$. On part of the graphene-derived $π^*$-band Fermi surface, we then observe the opening of a $Δ\!\simeq\!0.9$ meV temperature-dependent pairing gap. This result suggests for the first time, to our knowledge, that Li-decorated monolayer graphene is indeed superconducting with $T_c\!\simeq\!5.9 K$.
description: Accepted. A high-resolution version with supplementary material can be found at http://qmlab.ubc.ca/ARPES/PUBLICATIONS/Articles/Graphene_Li.pdf
Scalar perturbation potentials in a homogeneous and isotropic Weitzenböck geometry
Creators: name: Behboodi, A.
name: Akhshabi, S.
name: Nozari, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the fully gauge invariant cosmological perturbation equations in teleparallel gravity by using the gauge covariant version of the Stewart lemma for obtaining the variations in tetrad perturbations. In teleparallel theory, perturbations are the result of small fluctuations in the tetrad field. The tetrad transforms as a vector in both its holonomic and anholonomic indices. As a result, in the gauge invariant formalism, physical degrees of freedom are those combinations of perturbation parameters which remain invariant under a diffeomorphism in the coordinate frame, followed by an arbitrary rotation of the local inertial (Lorentz) frame. We derive these gauge invariant perturbation potentials for scalar perturbations and present the gauge invariant field equations governing their evolution.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
Body composition and overweight prevalence in 1704 schoolchildren from 7 American Indian communities
Creators: name: Himes, John H.
name: Going, Scott
name: Caballero, Benjamin
name: Pablo, Juanita
name: Davis, Sally M.
name: Lohman, Timothy
name: Stevens, June
name: Evans, Marguerite
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: BACKGROUND: Nationwide data on obesity prevalence in American Indian communities are limited.

OBJECTIVE: We describe the body composition and anthropometric characteristics of schoolchildren from 7 American Indian communities enrolled in the Pathways study, a randomized field trial evaluating a program for the primary prevention of obesity.

DESIGN: A total of 1704 children in 41 schools were enrolled in the study. Basic anthropometric measurements included weight, height, and triceps and subscapular skinfold thicknesses. Percentage body fat was estimated from bioelectrical impedance and anthropometric variables with the use of an equation developed and validated for this population.

RESULTS: The children's mean (+/- SD) age was 7.6 +/- 0.6 y, and their mean weight and height were 32.1 +/- 8.9 kg and 129.8 +/- 6.3 cm, respectively. Mean body mass index (BMI; in kg/m(2)) was 18.8 +/- 3.9, and mean percentage body fat was 32.6 +/- 6.8%. With the use of current Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reference values, 30.5% of girls and 26.8% of boys were above the 95th percentiles for BMI-for-age, and 21% of girls and 19.6% of boys were between the 85th and 95th percentiles. Although there was a wide range in BMI across study sites and for both sexes, the percentage of children with a BMI above the 95th percentile was consistently higher than the national averages in all communities studied and in both girls and boys.

CONCLUSIONS: Overweight can be documented in a substantial number of American Indian children by the time they reach elementary school. Despite differences in the prevalence of overweight observed among communities, rates are uniformly high relative to national all-race averages.
Darlings in the sky: Asteroseismology of naked-eye solar-like oscillators observed by TESS
Creators: name: Lund, Mikkel N.
name: Chontos, Ashley
name: Grundahl, Frank
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The TESS mission provides unique access to nearly the entire sky, and unlike Kepler, it enables us to study the brightest stars in the sky. These stars are generally well-characterised (or can be) from ground-based observations and are familiar to us from sky gazing. We present here the initial asteroseismic detections for the "Darlings" sample, comprising bright (V<6) stars on the main sequence or subgiant branch observed by TESS.
Pathways: a school-based, randomized controlled trial for the prevention of obesity in American Indian schoolchildren
Creators: name: Davis, Sally M.
name: Story, Mary
name: Stone, Elaine J.
name: Stevens, June
name: Ethelbah, Becky
name: Norman, James
name: Caballero, Benjamin
name: Stephenson, Larry
name: Rock, Bonnie Holy
name: Clay, Theresa
name: Lohman, Timothy
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: BACKGROUND: Childhood obesity is a major public health problem in the United States, particularly among American Indian communities.

OBJECTIVE: The objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of a school-based, multicomponent intervention for reducing percentage body fat in American Indian schoolchildren.

DESIGN: This study was a randomized, controlled, school-based trial involving 1704 children in 41 schools and was conducted over 3 consecutive years, from 3rd to 5th grades, in schools serving American Indian communities in Arizona, New Mexico, and South Dakota. The intervention had 4 components: 1) change in dietary intake, 2) increase in physical activity, 3) a classroom curriculum focused on healthy eating and lifestyle, and 4) a family-involvement program. The main outcome was percentage body fat; other outcomes included dietary intake, physical activity, and knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors.

RESULTS: The intervention resulted in no significant reduction in percentage body fat. However, a significant reduction in the percentage of energy from fat was observed in the intervention schools. Total energy intake (by 24-h dietary recall) was significantly reduced in the intervention schools but energy intake (by direct observation) was not. Motion sensor data showed similar activity levels in both the intervention and control schools. Several components of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors were also positively and significantly changed by the intervention.

CONCLUSIONS: These results document the feasibility of implementing a multicomponent program for obesity prevention in elementary schools serving American Indian communities. The program produced significant positive changes in fat intake and in food- and health-related knowledge and behaviors. More intense or longer interventions may be needed to significantly reduce adiposity in this population.
title: Impact of iterative reconstruction on low-dose coronary calcium score acquisition
Creators: name: Biondi, Tommaso
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: Computer applications
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: CT
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Dosimetric comparison

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The coronary calcification is a valuable predictive marker of future cardiovascular events and previous studies have shown that high presence of calcified plaques on coronary arteries are related to an increased risk [1, 2]. Coronary Artery Calcium...
The Vainshtein mechanism beyond the quasi-static approximation
Creators: name: Winther, Hans A.
name: Ferreira, Pedro G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theories of modified gravity, in both the linear and fully non-linear regime, are often studied under the assumption that the evolution of the new (often scalar) degree of freedom present in the theory is quasi-static. This approximation significantly simplifies the study of the theory, and one often has good reason to believe that it should hold. Nevertheless it is a crucial assumption that should be explicitly checked whenever possible. In this paper we do so for the Vainshtein mechanism. By solving for the full spatial and time evolution of the Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati and the Cubic Galileon model, in a spherical symmetric spacetime, we are able to demonstrate that the Vainshtein solution is a stable attractor and forms no matter what initial conditions we take for the scalar field. Furthermore,the quasi-static approximation is also found to be a very good approximation whenever it exists. For the best-fit Cubic Galileon model, however, we find that for deep voids at late times, the numerical solution blows up at the same time as the quasi-static solution ceases to exist. We argue that this phenomenon is a true instability of the model.
description: 20 pages, 14 figures
Clustering of Galaxies in Brane World Models
Creators: name: Hameeda, Mir
name: Faizal, Mir
name: Ali, Ahmed Farag
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we analyze the clustering of galaxies using a modified Newtonian potential. This modification of the Newtonian potential occurs due to the existence of extra dimensions in brane world models. We will analyze a system of galaxies interacting with each other through this modified Newtonian potential. The partition function for this system of galaxies will be calculated, and this partition function will be used to calculate the free energy of this system of galaxies. The entropy and the chemical potential for this system will also be calculated. We will derive explicit expression for the clustering parameter for this system. This parameter will determine the behavior of this system, and we will be able to express various thermodynamic quantities using this clustering parameter. Thus, we will be able to explicitly analyze the effect that modifying the Newtonian potential can have on the clustering of galaxies. We also analyze the effect of extra dimensions on the two-point functions between galaxies.
description: 12 pages, revtex4, 2 figures, To appear in General Relativity and Gravitation
(100881) George Isaac Chapman
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Competing Magnetic Fluctuations in Iron Pnictide Superconductors: Role of Ferromagnetic Spin Correlations Revealed by NMR
Creators: name: Wiecki, P.
name: Roy, B.
name: Johnston, D. C.
name: Bud'ko, S. L.
name: Canfield, P. C.
name: Furukawa, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the iron pnictide superconductors, theoretical calculations have consistently shown enhancements of the static magnetic susceptibility at both the stripe-type antiferromagnetic (AFM) and in-plane ferromagnetic (FM) wavevectors. However, the possible existence of FM fluctuations has not yet been examined from a microscopic point of view. Here, using $^{75}$As NMR data, we provide clear evidence for the existence of FM spin correlations in both the hole- and electron-doped BaFe$_2$As$_2$ families of iron-pnictide superconductors. These FM fluctuations appear to compete with superconductivity and are thus a crucial ingredient to understanding the variability of $T_{\rm c}$ and the shape of the superconducting dome in these and other iron-pnictide families.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett
(100883) Charles Gilbert
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Choline deficiency in mice and humans is associated with increased plasma homocysteine concentration after a methionine load
Creators: name: Zeisel, Steven H.
name: Gaffney, Christopher E.
name: Fischer, Leslie M.
name: Da Costa, Kerry Ann
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Elevated concentrations of homocysteine in blood may be an independent risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis. Elevated homocysteine concentrations can be caused by decreased methylation of homocysteine to form methionine, as occurs in folate deficiency. A parallel pathway exists for methylation of homocysteine, in which choline, by way of betaine, is the methyl donor.