cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Imprints of the redshift evolution of double neutron star merger rate on the signal to noise ratio distribution
Creators: name: Kastha, Shilpa
name: Saleem, M.
name: Arun, K G
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Proposed third generation gravitational wave (GW) interferometers such as Cosmic Explorer will have the sensitivity to observe double neutron star (DNS) mergers up to a redshift of $\sim 5$ with good signal to noise ratios. We argue that the comoving spatial distribution of DNS mergers leaves a unique imprint on the statistical distribution of signal to noise ratios (SNRs) of the detected DNS mergers. Hence the SNR distribution of DNS mergers will facilitate a novel probe of their redshift evolution independent of the luminosity distance measurements. We consider detections of DNS mergers by the third generation detector Cosmic Explorer and study the SNR distribution for different possible redshift evolution models of DNSs and employ Anderson Darling p-value statistic to demonstrate the distinguishability between these different models. We find that a few hundreds of DNS mergers in the Cosmic Explorer era will allow us to distinguish between different models of redshift evolution.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Linear Redshift Distortions and Power in the PSCz Survey
Creators: name: Hamilton, A. J. S.
name: Tegmark, Max
name: Padmanabhan, Nikhil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a state-of-the-art linear redshift distortion analysis of the recently published IRAS Point Source Catalog Redshift Survey (PSCz). The procedure involves linear compression into 4096 Karhunen-Loeve modes culled from a potential pool of about 3 x 10^5 modes, followed by quadratic compression into three separate power spectra, the galaxy-galaxy, galaxy-velocity, and velocity-velocity power spectra. Least squares fitting to the decorrelated power spectra yields a linear redshift distortion parameter beta = Omega_m^0.6/b = 0.41(+0.13,-0.12).
description: Minor changes to agree with accepted version. Slight changes to power spectrum, including one more point added at large scales, from binning points formerly discarded as too noisy. 5 pages, including 4 embedded PostScript figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters (pink pages). Power spectrum data available at http://casa.colorado.edu/~ajsh/pscz/
Correlation measurements in high-multiplicity events
Creators: name: Seibert, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Requirements for correlation measurements in high--multiplicity events are discussed. Attention is focussed on detection of so--called hot spots, two--particle rapidity correlations, two--particle momentum correlations (for quantum interferometry) and higher--order correlations. The signal--to--noise ratio may become large in the high--multiplicity limit, allowing meaningful single--event measurements, only if the correlations are due to collective behavior.
description: MN 55455, 20 pages, KSUCNR-011-92 and TPI-MINN-92/47-T (revised). Revised to correct typo in equation (30), and to fill in a few steps in calculations. Now published as Phys. Rev. C 47 (1993) 2320
Fluctuation-dissipation relations outside the linear response regime in a two-dimensional driven lattice gas along the direction transverse to the driving force
Creators: name: Hayashi, Kumiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed numerical experiments on a two-dimensional driven lattice gas, which constitutes a simple stochastic nonequilibrium many-body model. In this model, focusing on the behavior along the direction transverse to the external driving force, we numerically measure transport coefficients and dynamical fluctuations outside the linear response regime far from equilibrium. Using these quantities, we find the validity of the Einstein relation, the Green-Kubo relation and the fluctuation-response relation.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
High-precision estimates of critical quantities by means of improved Hamiltonians
Creators: name: Campostrini, M.
name: Hasenbusch, M.
name: Pelissetto, A.
name: Rossi, P.
name: Vicari, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three-dimensional spin models of the Ising and XY universality classes are studied by a combination of high-temperature expansions and Monte Carlo simulations applied to improved Hamiltonians. The critical exponents and the critical equation of state are determined to very high precision.
description: 7 pages, contribution to the 2nd Conference on the Exact Renormalization Group, Roma, September 2000
IN VITRO ASSEMBLY OF TAU AGGREGATES AND THEIR INHIBITION BY SMALL MOLECULES
Creators: name: Nguyen, Cuong Duc
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 340407
subject: Proteins and peptides

description: One of the main hallmarks of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is the hyperphosphorylation of tau, which in turn leads to the formation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) via aggregation of the protein. Another contribution towards AD progression is the failure of metal homeostasis, affecting multiple pathways that lead to neuron degradation. NFTs from post-mortem AD patients have shown the presence of metals, namely Fe2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+¸ suggesting they may influence the formation of the aggregates. Although in vitro studies of tau aggregation have been performed before, with AFM and TEM being used extensively to obtain images of these aggregates, there are very few studies that extensively observe how the presence of metals affect the morphology of the fibers. Here we studied the aggregation of AD-prevalent metals, monitoring the aggregation using ThT fluorescence as well as verifying and identifying any morphology changes using AFM and TEM imaging. Among the metals we used in this study, only a few metals, Zn2+ and Cu2, have an impact on the morphology of the fibers. With Zn2+ exhibiting feature resembling paired helical filaments (PHFs), one of the major morphologies prevalent in AD patients, we decided to further elucidate the structure using cryo-EM. In addition to forming in vitro assembles, we tested the efficacy of urea and thiourea small molecules against tau aggregation, with varying success.
A function space framework for structural total variation regularization with applications in inverse problems
Creators: name: Hintermüller, Michael
name: Holler, Martin
name: Papafitsoros, Kostas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this work, we introduce a function space setting for a wide class of structural/weighted total variation (TV) regularization methods motivated by their applications in inverse problems. In particular, we consider a regularizer that is the appropriate lower semi-continuous envelope (relaxation) of a suitable total variation type functional initially defined for sufficiently smooth functions. We study examples where this relaxation can be expressed explicitly, and we also provide refinements for weighted total variation for a wide range of weights. Since an integral characterization of the relaxation in function space is, in general, not always available, we show that, for a rather general linear inverse problems setting, instead of the classical Tikhonov regularization problem, one can equivalently solve a saddle-point problem where no a priori knowledge of an explicit formulation of the structural TV functional is needed. In particular, motivated by concrete applications, we deduce corresponding results for linear inverse problems with norm and Poisson log-likelihood data discrepancy terms. Finally, we provide proof-of-concept numerical examples where we solve the saddle-point problem for weighted TV denoising as well as for MR guided PET image reconstruction.
Inference-Based Similarity Search in Randomized Montgomery Domains for Privacy-Preserving Biometric Identification
Creators: name: Wang, Yi
name: Wan, Jianwu
name: Guo, Jun
name: Cheung, Yiu-Ming
name: Yuen, Pong C
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Similarity search is essential to many important applications and often involves searching at scale on high-dimensional data based on their similarity to a query. In biometric applications, recent vulnerability studies have shown that adversarial machine learning can compromise biometric recognition systems by exploiting the biometric similarity information. Existing methods for biometric privacy protection are in general based on pairwise matching of secured biometric templates and have inherent limitations in search efficiency and scalability. In this paper, we propose an inference-based framework for privacy-preserving similarity search in Hamming space. Our approach builds on an obfuscated distance measure that can conceal Hamming distance in a dynamic interval. Such a mechanism enables us to systematically design statistically reliable methods for retrieving most likely candidates without knowing the exact distance values. We further propose to apply Montgomery multiplication for generating search indexes that can withstand adversarial similarity analysis, and show that information leakage in randomized Montgomery domains can be made negligibly small. Our experiments on public biometric datasets demonstrate that the inference-based approach can achieve a search accuracy close to the best performance possible with secure computation methods, but the associated cost is reduced by orders of magnitude compared to cryptographic primitives.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables, regular paper
Temporal variations of the rotation rate in the solar interior
Creators: name: Antia, H. M.
name: Basu, Sarbani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The temporal variations of the rotation rate in the solar interior are studied using frequency splittings from Global Oscillations Network Group (GONG) data obtained during the period 1995-99. We find alternating latitudinal bands of faster and slower rotation which appear to move towards the equator with time - similar to the torsional oscillations seen at the solar surface. This flow pattern appears to persist to a depth of about 0.1R_sun and in this region its magnitude is well correlated with solar activity indices. We do not find any periodic or systematic changes in the rotation rate near the base of the convection zone.
description: To appear in ApJ
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (XIVe siècle), Cart. 24 (G 137), 31 folios, f. 0004
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2011
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi

description: Cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (XIVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 24 (G 137), 31 folios, f. 0004, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (XIVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 24 (G 137), 31 folios, f. 0004, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
Modulation instability in filamentary self-compression
Creators: name: Brée, Carsten
name: Demircan, Ayhan
name: Steinmeyer, Günter
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nonlinear Optics
subject: Modulation Instability
subject: Femtosecond Filamentation
subject: Pulse compression
subject: 78A60
subject: 42.65.-k
subject: 42.65.Jx
subject: 42.65.Re
subject: 42.65.Sf

description: We numerically analyze filamentary propagation for various medium- and input pulse parameters and show that temporal self-compression can greatly benefit from refocusing events. Analyzing the dynamical behavior in the second focal spot, it turns out that a dispersive temporal break-up may appear due to the emission of a hyperbolic shock-wave from the self-steepened trailing edge of the pulse. This break-up event enhances the self-compression capabilities of laser filaments, enabling up to 12-fold temporal compression. Only slightly perturbing the input pulse parameters, we further identify a regime in which refocusing events give rise to extended subdiffractive propagation in a weakly ionized channel.
Photon acceleration in variable ultra-relativistic outflows and high-energy spectra of Gamma-Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Gruzinov, Andrei
name: Meszaros, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MeV seed photons produced in shocks in a variable ultra-relativistic outflow gain energy by the Fermi mechanism, because the photons Compton scatter off relativistically colliding shells. The Fermi-modified high-energy photon spectrum has a non-universal slope and a universal cutoff. A significant increase in the total radiative efficiency is possible. In some gamma ray bursts, most of the power might be emitted at the high-energy cutoff for this mechanism, which would be close to 100 MeV for outflows with a mean bulk Lorentz factor of 100.
description: 8 pages, submitted to ApJL
HST Detection of Extended Neutral Hydrogen in a Massive Elliptical at z = 0.4
Creators: name: Zahedy, Fakhri S.
name: Chen, Hsiao-Wen
name: Rauch, Michael
name: Zabludoff, Ann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first detection of extended neutral hydrogen (HI) gas in the interstellar medium (ISM) of a massive elliptical galaxy beyond z~0. The observations utilize the doubly lensed images of QSO HE 0047-1756 at z_QSO = 1.676 as absorption-line probes of the ISM in the massive (M_star ~ 10^11 M_sun) elliptical lens at z = 0.408, detecting gas at projected distances of d = 3.3 and 4.6 kpc on opposite sides of the lens. Using the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS), we obtain UV absorption spectra of the lensed QSO and identify a prominent flux discontinuity and associated absorption features matching the Lyman series transitions at z = 0.408 in both sightlines. The HI column density is log N(HI) = 19.6-19.7 at both locations across the lens, comparable to what is seen in 21 cm images of nearby ellipticals. The HI gas kinematics are well-matched with the kinematics of the FeII absorption complex revealed in ground-based echelle data, displaying a large velocity shear of 360 km/s across the galaxy. We estimate an ISM Fe abundance of 0.3-0.4 solar at both locations. Including likely dust depletions increases the estimated Fe abundances to solar or supersolar, similar to those of the hot ISM and stars of nearby ellipticals. Assuming 100% covering fraction of this Fe-enriched gas,we infer a total Fe mass of M_cool(Fe)~(5-8)x10^4 M_sun in the cool ISM of the massive elliptical lens, which is no more than 5% of the total Fe mass observed in the hot ISM.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures; Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Total synthesis and mechanism of action of the antibiotic armeniaspirol A
Creators: name: Arisetti, Nanaji
name: Fuchs, Hazel L. S.
name: Coetzee, Janetta
name: Orozco, Manuel
name: Ruppelt, Dominik
name: Bauer, Armin
name: Heimann, Dominik
name: Kuhnert, Eric
name: Bhamidimarri, Satya P.
name: Bafna, Jayesh A.
name: Hinkelmann, Bettina
name: Eckel, Konstantin
name: Sieber, Stephan A.
name: Müller, Peter P.
name: Herrmann, Jennifer
name: Müller, Rolf
name: Winterhalter, Mathias
name: Steinem, Claudia
name: Brönstrup, Mark
Publisher: name: Cambridge : RSC
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Lipid bilayers
subject: Synthesis (chemical)
subject: Antibiotic activity
subject: Antimicrobial resistances
subject: Breakings
subject: Chloropyrroles
subject: Copper catalyzed
subject: Gram-positive pathogens
subject: Mechanism of action
subject: Potent activity
subject: Total mechanism
subject: Total synthesis
subject: Antibiotics
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: Emerging antimicrobial resistance urges the discovery of antibiotics with unexplored, resistance-breaking mechanisms. Armeniaspirols represent a novel class of antibiotics with a unique spiro[4.4]non-8-ene scaffold and potent activities against Gram-positive pathogens. We report a concise total synthesis of (±) armeniaspirol A in six steps with a yield of 20.3% that includes the formation of the spirocycle through a copper-catalyzed radical cross-coupling reaction. In mechanistic biological experiments, armeniaspirol A exerted potent membrane depolarization, accounting for the pH-dependent antibiotic activity. Armeniaspirol A also disrupted the membrane potential and decreased oxygen consumption in mitochondria. In planar lipid bilayers and in unilamellar vesicles, armeniaspirol A transported protons across membranes in a protein-independent manner, demonstrating that armeniaspirol A acted as a protonophore. We provide evidence that this mechanism might account for the antibiotic activity of multiple chloropyrrole-containing natural products isolated from various origins that share a 4-acylphenol moiety coupled to chloropyrrole as a joint pharmacophore. We additionally describe an efflux-mediated mechanism of resistance against armeniaspirols.
Image analysis and statistical inference in neuroimaging with R
Creators: name: Tabelow, Karsten
name: Clayden, Jon D.
name: Lafaye De Micheaux, Pierre
name: Polzehl, Jörg
name: Schmid, Volker J.
name: Whitcher, Brandon
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: diffusion weighted imaging
subject: functional magnetic resonance imaging
subject: dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging
subject: computational neuroscience
subject: 62P10
subject: 92C55
subject: 62H35
subject: 62G05

description: R is a language and environment for statistical computing and graphics. It can be considered an alternative implementation of the S language developed in the 1970s and 1980s for data analysis and graphics (Becker and Chambers, 1984; Becker et al., 1988). The R language is part of the GNU project and offers versions that compile and run on almost every major operating system currently available. We highlight several R packages built specifically for the analysis of neuroimaging data in the context of functional MRI, diffusion tensor imaging, and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI. We review their methodology and give an overview of their capabilities for neuroimaging. In addition we summarize some of the current activities in the area of neuroimaging software development in R.
title: Attestation pour le patient no 100
Creators: name: Leibowitch, Jacques (1942-2020)
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Lettre de Jacques Leibowitch résumant l'histoire du traitement anti-vih du patient, ayant pour but, une fois signée et approuvée, de servir d'attestation de leur consentement à emprunter une voie médicamenteuse non validée (allégée).
Developing a Human Learning Systems approach for inter‐agency collaboration: Lessons from the UK NHS
Creators: name: Ormston, Christianne
name: Macaulay, Michael
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 4407
subject: Policy and administration
classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: AbstractThis research note presents an exploratory case study that investigates ways in which Human Learning Systems (HLS) has been applied to a new UK health initiative, Collaborative Newcastle. Collaborative Newcastle is a multi‐agency venture that brings together the National Health Service, local government, higher education, voluntary organisations, and the community sector to encourage innovation and cooperation in delivering healthcare services. As part of this initiative, multi‐agency leadership training has been delivered to managers working within the Collaborative Newcastle organisations to lead within an HLS ethos. It will offer comments on some of the claims to originality that are made on behalf of HLS and other relational models of public management. HLS is in its infancy in Australasia, and therefore this note also offers suggestions from the case study on learnings that could be transposed into the southern hemisphere.Points for practitioners
The bespoke nature of the Human Learning Systems (HLS) approach makes it worthy of further exploration in Australasia.
HLS, in this case, has created conditions for increased innovation and trust between multiple partners
HLS lends itself to utilising local knowledge and indigenous epistemologies
Epigenetic features improve TALE target prediction
Creators: name: Erkes, Annett
name: Mücke, Stefanie
name: Reschke, Maik
name: Boch, Jens
name: Grau, Jan
Publisher: name: London : BioMed Central
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chromatin
subject: Computational prediction
subject: DNA methylation
subject: Transcription activator-like effector
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: Background: The yield of many crop plants can be substantially reduced by plant-pathogenic Xanthomonas bacteria. The infection strategy of many Xanthomonas strains is based on transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs), which are secreted into the host cells and act as transcriptional activators of plant genes that are beneficial for the bacteria.The modular DNA binding domain of TALEs contains tandem repeats, each comprising two hyper-variable amino acids. These repeat-variable diresidues (RVDs) bind to their target box and determine the specificity of a TALE.All available tools for the prediction of TALE targets within the host plant suffer from many false positives. In this paper we propose a strategy to improve prediction accuracy by considering the epigenetic state of the host plant genome in the region of the target box. Results: To this end, we extend our previously published tool PrediTALE by considering two epigenetic features: (i) chromatin accessibility of potentially bound regions and (ii) DNA methylation of cytosines within target boxes. Here, we determine the epigenetic features from publicly available DNase-seq, ATAC-seq, and WGBS data in rice.We benchmark the utility of both epigenetic features separately and in combination, deriving ground-truth from RNA-seq data of infections studies in rice. We find an improvement for each individual epigenetic feature, but especially the combination of both.Having established an advantage in TALE target predicting considering epigenetic features, we use these data for promoterome and genome-wide scans by our new tool EpiTALE, leading to several novel putative virulence targets. Conclusions: Our results suggest that it would be worthwhile to collect condition-specific chromatin accessibility data and methylation information when studying putative virulence targets of Xanthomonas TALEs.
The spin-dependent semiconductor Bloch equations: a microscopic theory of Bir-Aronov-Pikus spin-relaxation
Creators: name: Lechner, C.
name: Roessler, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semiconductor Bloch equations, in their extension including the spin degree of freedom of the carriers, are capable to describe spin dynamics on a microscopic level. In the presence of free holes, electron spins can flip simultaneously with hole spins due to electron-hole exchange interaction. This mechanism named after Bir, Aronov and Pikus, is described here by using the extended semiconductor Bloch equations and considering carrier-carrier interaction beyond the Hartree-Fock truncation. As a result we derive microscopic expressions for spin-relaxation and spin-dephasing rates.
description: 4 pages
Modular forms from Noether-Lefschetz theory
Creators: name: Greer, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We enumerate smooth rational curves on very general Weierstrass fibrations over hypersurfaces in projective space. The generating functions for these numbers lie in the ring of classical modular forms. The method of proof uses topological intersection products on a period stack and the cohomological theta correspondence of Kudla and Millson for special cycles on a locally symmetric space of orthogonal type. The results here apply only in base degree 1, but heuristics for higher base degree match predictions from the topological string partition function.
description: 31 pages, 3 figures. Final version with some well-known proofs omitted and more details regarding the level group in the Kudla-Millson theorem
On the trajectory of discrimination: A meta-analysis of 40 years of field experiments on gender and hiring decisions
Creators: name: Schaerer, Michael
name: Uhlmann, Eric
name: van Aert, Robbie
name: Nguyen, My
name: du Plessis, Christilene
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Business
subject: Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality Studies
subject: Arts and Humanities
subject: Gender and Sexuality
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: This meta-analysis investigates changes in gender discrimination in hiring decisions over time.
Novel Traveling Wave Sandwich Piezoelectric Transducer with Single Phase Drive: Theoretical Modeling, Experimental Validation, and Application Investigation
Creators: name: Wang, Liang
name: Bai, Fushi
name: Hofmann, Viktor
name: Jin, Jiamei
name: Twiefel, Jens
Publisher: name: Heidelberg [u.a.] : Springer
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sandwich piezoelectric transducer
subject: Single phase excitation
subject: Transfer matrix method
subject: Traveling wave
subject: Ultrasonic motor
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Most of traditional traveling wave piezoelectric transducers are driven by two phase different excitation signals, leading to a complex control system and seriously limiting their applications in industry. To overcome these issues, a novel traveling wave sandwich piezoelectric transducer with a single-phase drive is proposed in this study. Traveling waves are produced in two driving rings of the transducer while the longitudinal vibration is excited in its sandwich composite beam, due to the coupling property of the combined structure. This results in the production of elliptical motions in the two driving rings to achieve the drive function. An analytical model is firstly developed using the transfer matrix method to analyze the dynamic behavior of the proposed transducer. Its vibration characteristics are measured and compared with computational results to validate the effectiveness of the proposed analytical model. Besides, the driving concept of the transducer is investigated by computing the motion trajectory of surface points of the driving ring and the quality of traveling wave of the driving ring. Additionally, application example investigations on the driving effect of the proposed transducer are carried out by constructing and assembling a tracked mobile system. Experimental results indicated that 1) the assembled tracked mobile system moved in the driving frequency of 19410 Hz corresponding to its maximum mean velocity through frequency sensitivity experiments; 2) motion characteristic and traction performance measurements of the system prototype presented its maximum mean velocity with 59 mm/s and its maximum stalling traction force with 1.65 N, at the excitation voltage of 500 VRMS. These experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed traveling wave sandwich piezoelectric transducer.
Goldstone-Soliton Interactions and Brane World Neutrinos
Creators: name: Lambert, N. D.
name: West, P. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the interactions of Goldstone particles with solitonic states. We observe that, contrary to the familiar situation in the vacuum sector, the Goldstone particles can have non-derivative interactions with the solitons. This result is applied to brane physics and in particular leads to the possibility that neutrinos in brane world scenarios are Goldstone particles for broken supersymmetry.
description: 28 pages, phyzzx
Fabrication and use of Cu-Cr-diamond composites for the application in deep feed grinding of tungsten carbide
Creators: name: Denkena, B.
name: Krödel, A.
name: Lang, R.
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Abrasion
subject: Carbides
subject: Composites
subject: Cutting tools
subject: High pressure high temperature (HTHP)
subject: Interface characterization
subject: Mechanical properties characterization
subject: Synthetic diamond
subject: Thermal properties
subject: Wear
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::670 | Industrielle und handwerkliche Fertigung

description: Machining of tungsten carbide requires the use of highly wear resistant grinding tools, like metal bonded grinding tools. The abrasive layer of these grinding tools can be regarded as Metal-Matrix-Composites reinforced with diamond particles. Copper-Matrix-Composites already are being used as heat sink materials through their outstanding high thermal conductivity. In this work, Cu/Diamond composites with 50 vol% diamond have been fabricated through field assisted sintering and the application of these composites as grinding layers in a deep feed grinding process of tungsten carbide was investigated. Through addition of chromium powder as a carbide former on the surface of the diamond particles, the critical bond strength and therefore the diamond grain retention was significantly increased by +363%. The addition of 2 wt% chromium to the copper matrix also resulted in a +84% increase of thermal conductivity relatively to the chromium free Cu/Diamond composite. Grinding of tungsten carbide as a dynamic stress test showed that the increased grain retention and thermal conductivity resulted in a decrease in grinding layer wear. Further chromium addition to 8 wt% chromium resulted in a decrease in thermal conductivity and the formation of adhesive cloggings on the grinding wheel surface during grinding.
Characterization of polynomials and higher-order Sobolev spaces in terms of nonlocal functionals involving difference quotients
Creators: name: Ferreira, Rita
name: Kreisbeck, Carolin
name: Ribeiro, Ana Margarida
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Higher-order Sobolev spaces
subject: nonlocal functionals
subject: 46E35

description: The aim of this paper, which deals with a class of singular functionals involving difference quotients, is twofold: deriving suitable integral conditions under which a measurable function is polynomial and stating necessary and sufficient criteria for an integrable function to belong to a kth-order Sobolev space. One of the main theorems is a new characterization of Wk,p(Ω), k∈ ℕ and p ∈ (1, +∞), for arbitrary open sets Ω ⊂ ℝn. In particular, we provide natural generalizations of the results regarding Sobolev spaces summarized in Brézis' overview article [Russ. Math. Surv. 57 (2002), pp. 693-708] to the higher-order case, and extend the work by Borghol [Asymptotic Anal. 51 (2007), pp. 303-318] to a more general setting.
Joint optimization of transmission and propulsion in aerial communication networks
Creators: name: Faqir, Omar J.
name: Kerrigan, Eric C.
name: Gündüz, Deniz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Communication energy in a wireless network of mobile autonomous agents should be considered as the sum of transmission energy and propulsion energy used to facilitate the transfer of information. Accordingly, communication-theoretic and Newtonian dynamic models are developed to model the communication and locomotion expenditures of each node. These are subsequently used to formulate a novel nonlinear optimal control problem (OCP) over a network of autonomous nodes. It is then shown that, under certain conditions, the OCP can be transformed into an equivalent convex form. Numerical results for a single link between a node and access point allow for comparison with known solutions before the framework is applied to a multiple-node UAV network, for which previous results are not readily extended. Simulations show that transmission energy can be of the same order of magnitude as propulsion energy allowing for possible savings, whilst also exemplifying how speed adaptations together with power control may increase the network throughput.
description: This article will appear in the Proceedings of the 56th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, 2017
Non-LTE Abundances and Consequences for the Evolution of the alpha elements in the Galaxy
Creators: name: Idiart, T.
name: Thevenin, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Abundances of alpha-elements such as Ca and Mg in disk and halo stars are usually derived from equivalent widths lines measured on high resolution spectra, and assuming Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium (LTE) . In this paper, we present non-LTE differential abundances derived by computing the statistical equilibrium of CaI and MgI atoms, using high resolution equivalent widths available in the literature for 252 dwarf to subgiant stars. These non-LTE abundances combined with recent determination of non-LTE abundances of iron, seem to remove the dispersion of the [Ca/Fe] and [Mg/Fe] ratios in the galactic halo and disk phases, revealing new and surprising structures. These results have important consequences for chemical evolution models of the Galaxy. In addition, non-LTE abundance ratios for stars belonging to the M92 cluster apparently have the same behavior. More high resolution observations, mainly of globular clusters, are urgently needed to confirm our results.
description: 15 pages, 3 tables, 7 figures
Water repellency decreases with increasing carbonate content and pH for different biocrust types on sand dunes
Creators: name: Drahorad, Sylvie Laureen
name: Felde, Vincent J. M. N. L.
name: Ellerbrock, Ruth H.
name: Henss, Anja
Publisher: name: Berlin : de Gruyter Open
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biocrust
subject: Carbonate content
subject: Organic matter composition
subject: Surface characteristics
subject: TOF-SIMS
subject: Water repellency
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::690 | Hausbau, Bauhandwerk

description: Biocrusts are biological communities that occupy the soil surface, accumulate organic matter and mineral particles and hence strongly affect the properties of the soils they cover. Moreover, by affecting water repellency, biocrusts may cause a preferential infiltration of rainwater, with a high impact on the formation of local water pathways, especially for sand dunes. The aim of this study is to shed light on the connections between water repellency and pH, carbonate and organic matter content in two dune ecosystems with different biocrust types. For this, we used contact angle measurements, gas volumetric carbonate determination and organic matter characterization via FT-IR and TOF-SIMS. In both ecosystems, moss-dominated biocrusts showed higher water repellency and higher amounts of organic matter compared to algal or cyanobacterial biocrusts. Surprisingly, the biocrusts of the two dune systems did not show differences in organic matter composition or organic coatings of the mineral grains. Biocrusts on the more acidic dunes showed a significantly higher level of water repellency as compared to higher carbonate containing dunes. We conclude that the driving factor for the increase in water repellency between cyanobacterial and moss-dominated biocrusts within one study site is the content of organic matter. However, when comparing the different study sites, we found that higher amounts of carbonate reduced biocrust water repellency.
Ionization by Impact Electrons in Solids: Electron Mean Free Path Fitted Over a Wide Energy Range
Creators: name: Ziaja, B.
name: London, R. A.
name: Hajdu, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a simple formula for fitting the electron mean free paths in solids both at high and at low electron energies. The free-electron-gas approximation used for predicting electron mean free paths is no longer valid at low energies (E < 50 eV), as the band structure effects become significant at those energies. Therefore we include the results of the band structure calculations in our fit. Finally, we apply the fit to 9 elements and 2 compounds.
description: 28 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables
Additional file 1 of Critical care capacity in Canada: results of a national cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Fowler, Robert A
name: Abdelmalik, Philip
name: Wood, Gordon
name: Foster, Denise
name: Gibney, Noel
name: Bandrauk, Natalie
name: Turgeon, Alexis F
name: Lamontagne, François
name: Kumar, Anand
name: Zarychanski, Ryan
name: Green, Rob
name: Bagshaw, Sean M
name: Stelfox, Henry T
name: Foster, Ryan
name: Dodek, Peter
name: Shaw, Susan
name: Granton, John
name: Lawless, Bernard
name: Hill, Andrea
name: Rose, Louise
name: Adhikari, Neill K
name: Scales, Damon C
name: Cook, Deborah J
name: Marshall, John C
name: Martin, Claudio
name: Jouvet, Philippe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Contains Figure S1A showing ICU beds capable of invasive mechanical ventilation per 100,000 Canadian population according to census division, Figure S2 showing the relationship between number of ICU beds capable of ventilation and population by health region, and Figure S3 showing the relationship between number of ICU beds capable of ventilation and population by census division, and contains the mapping methodology technical notes and the Canadian Critical Care Trials Group Capacity Survey.
Expected Policy Gradients for Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Ciosek, Kamil
name: Whiteson, Shimon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.8; G.3

description: We propose expected policy gradients (EPG), which unify stochastic policy gradients (SPG) and deterministic policy gradients (DPG) for reinforcement learning. Inspired by expected sarsa, EPG integrates (or sums) across actions when estimating the gradient, instead of relying only on the action in the sampled trajectory. For continuous action spaces, we first derive a practical result for Gaussian policies and quadratic critics and then extend it to a universal analytical method, covering a broad class of actors and critics, including Gaussian, exponential families, and policies with bounded support. For Gaussian policies, we introduce an exploration method that uses covariance proportional to the matrix exponential of the scaled Hessian of the critic with respect to the actions. For discrete action spaces, we derive a variant of EPG based on softmax policies. We also establish a new general policy gradient theorem, of which the stochastic and deterministic policy gradient theorems are special cases. Furthermore, we prove that EPG reduces the variance of the gradient estimates without requiring deterministic policies and with little computational overhead. Finally, we provide an extensive experimental evaluation of EPG and show that it outperforms existing approaches on multiple challenging control domains.
description: 36 pages, submitted for review to JMLR. This is an extended version of our paper in the AAAI-18 conference (arXiv:1706.05374)
Target-space anomalies and elliptic indices in heterotic orbifolds
Creators: name: Scrucca, Claudio A.
name: Serone, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a complete string theory analysis of all mixed gauge, gravitational and target-space anomalies potentially arising in the simplest heterotic Z_N orbifold models, with N odd and standard embedding. These anomalies turn out to be encoded in an elliptic index, which can be easily computed; they are found to cancel through a universal GS mechanism induced by the dilaton multiplet. The target-space symmetry is then shown to have a nice geometric interpretation in terms of torsion, and the target-space dependence of the four-dimensional GS couplings can be alternatively rederived from the implicit torsion dependence of the standard ten-dimensional GS couplings. The result is universal and consists essentially of a Bianchi identity for the NSNS B field depending on all the curvatures, and in particular on the target-space curvature.
description: 34 pages, LaTex, 2 figures, 1 table
Asymptotic behaviour of a rigid body with a cavity filled by a viscous liquid
Creators: name: Disser, Karoline
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Navier-Stokes equations
subject: asymptotic behaviour of weak solutions
subject: rigid body dynamics
subject: conservation of angular momentum
subject: strict Lyapunov functional
subject: 35Q35
subject: 35Q30
subject: 74F10
subject: 76D03
subject: 35B40
subject: 37L15

description: We consider the system of equations modeling the free motion of a rigid body with a cavity filled by a viscous (Navier-Stokes) liquid. Zhukovskiy's Theorem states that in the limit of time going to infinity, the relative fluid velocity tends to 0 and the rigid velocity of the full structure tends to a steady rotation around one of the principle axes of inertia. We give a rigorous proof of this result. In particular, we prove that every global weak solution in a suitable class is subject to Zhukovskiy's Theorem, and note that existence of these solutions has been established. Independently of the geometry and of parameters, this shows that the presence of fluid prevents precession of the body in the limit. In general, we cannot predict which axis will be attained, but we can show stability of the largest axis and provide criteria on the initial data which are decisive in special cases.
Simultaneous Joint and Object Trajectory Templates for Human Activity Recognition from 3-D Data
Creators: name: Ghodsi, Saeed
name: Mohammadzade, Hoda
name: Korki, Erfan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The availability of low-cost range sensors and the development of relatively robust algorithms for the extraction of skeleton joint locations have inspired many researchers to develop human activity recognition methods using the 3-D data. In this paper, an effective method for the recognition of human activities from the normalized joint trajectories is proposed. We represent the actions as multidimensional signals and introduce a novel method for generating action templates by averaging the samples in a "dynamic time" sense. Then in order to deal with the variations in the speed and style of performing actions, we warp the samples to the action templates by an efficient algorithm and employ wavelet filters to extract meaningful spatiotemporal features. The proposed method is also capable of modeling the human-object interactions, by performing the template generation and temporal warping procedure via the joint and object trajectories simultaneously. The experimental evaluation on several challenging datasets demonstrates the effectiveness of our method compared to the state-of-the-arts.
Regularity in Time for Weak Solutions of a Continuum Model for Epitaxial Growth with Elasticity on Vicinal Surfaces
Creators: name: Fonseca, Irene
name: Leoni, Giovanni
name: Lu, Yin Yan
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The evolution equation derived by Xiang (SIAM J. Appl. Math. 63:241–258, 2002) to describe vicinal surfaces in heteroepitaxial growth is ht = − [H(hx) + (hx −1 + hx )hxx ]xx , (1) where h denotes the surface height of the film, and H is the Hilbert transform. Existence of solutions was obtained by Dal Maso, Fonseca and Leoni (Arch. Rational Mech. Anal. 212: 1037–1064, 2014). The regularity in time was left unresolved. The aim of this paper is to prove existence, uniqueness, and Lipschitz regularity in time for weak solutions, under suitable assumptions on the initial datum.
Block preconditioners for linear systems arising from multiscale collocation with compactly supported RBFs
Creators: name: Farrell, Patricio
name: Pestana, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: partial differential equation
subject: multiscale collocation
subject: compactly supported radial basis functions
subject: Krylov subspace methods
subject: preconditioning
subject: additive Schwarz method
subject: 65F08
subject: 65N35
subject: 65N55

description: Symmetric collocation methods with radial basis functions allow approximation of the solution of a partial differential equation, even if the right-hand side is only known at scattered data points, without needing to generate a grid. However, the benefit of a guaranteed symmetric positive definite block system comes at a high computational cost. This cost can be alleviated somewhat by considering compactly supported radial basis functions and a multiscale technique. But the condition number and sparsity will still deteriorate with the number of data points. Therefore, we study certain block diagonal and triangular preconditioners. We investigate ideal preconditioners and determine the spectra of the preconditioned matrices before proposing more practical preconditioners based on a restricted additive Schwarz method with coarse grid correction (ARASM). Numerical results verify the effectiveness of the preconditioners.
Supplementary document for Detection of ions implantation in focused ion beam processing by scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy - 4973097.pdf
Creators: name: Zhang, Wenhao
name: Zhang, Kaidi
name: Wang, Wenting
name: Chen, Yuhang
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Extra experimental data