cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
TEXXNOLOGIK TA'LIM YO'NALISHIDA UMUMKASBIY FANLARNI O'QITISHDA ZAMONAVIY TA'LIM TEXNOLOGIYALARI
Creators: name: Bаrаtаliyеvа, Nаsibа
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Mazkur maqolada texnologik ta'lim yo'nalishida umumkasbiy fanlarni zamonaviy texnologiyalar asosida o'qitish talabalarda umumkasbiy bilim va ko'nikmalarni rivojlantirish omillari izohlangan. Talabalarga ta'lim berishda ta'lim sifatini yuqori samaradorligini va ijobiy sifat ko'rsatkichlarini oshirishning metodikasi va tarkibiy qismlari asoslab o'tilgan.
Metric compactification of infinite Sierpiński carpet graphs
Creators: name: D'Angeli, Daniele
name: Donno, Alfredo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C10, 05C63, 05C60, 54D35

description: We associate, with every infinite word over a finite alphabet, an increasing sequence of rooted finite graphs, which provide a discrete approximation of the famous Sierpiński carpet fractal. Each of these sequences converges, in the Gromov-Hausdorff topology, to an infinite rooted graph. We give an explicit description of the metric compactification of each of these limit graphs. In particular, we are able to classify Busemann and non-Busemann points of the metric boundary. It turns out that, with respect to the uniform Bernoulli measure on the set of words indexing the graphs, for almost all the infinite graphs, the boundary consists of four Busemann points and countably many non-Busemann points.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures
Linear Self-Attention Approximation via Trainable Feedforward Kernel
Creators: name: Yorsh, Uladzislau
name: Kovalenko, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In pursuit of faster computation, Efficient Transformers demonstrate an impressive variety of approaches -- models attaining sub-quadratic attention complexity can utilize a notion of sparsity or a low-rank approximation of inputs to reduce the number of attended keys; other ways to reduce complexity include locality-sensitive hashing, key pooling, additional memory to store information in compacted or hybridization with other architectures, such as CNN. Often based on a strong mathematical basis, kernelized approaches allow for the approximation of attention with linear complexity while retaining high accuracy. Therefore, in the present paper, we aim to expand the idea of trainable kernel methods to approximate the self-attention mechanism of the Transformer architecture.
Combined measure of neighborhood food and physical activity environments and weight-related outcomes: The CARDIA study
Creators: name: Duffey, Kiyah J.
name: Kiefe, Catarina I.
name: Lewis, Cora E.
name: Gordon-Larsen, Penny
name: Rodriguez, Daniel A.
name: Boone-Heinonen, Janne
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Engagement in healthy lifestyle behaviors likely reflects access to a diverse and synergistic set of food and physical activity resources, yet most research examines discrete characteristics. We characterized neighborhoods with respect to their composition of features, and quantified associations with diet, physical activity (PA), body mass index (BMI), and insulin resistance (IR) in a longitudinal biracial cohort (n=4,143; aged 25–37; 1992–2006). We used latent class analysis to derive population-density-specific (< vs. ≥1,750 people per sq km) clusters of neighborhood indicators: road connectivity, parks and PA facilities, and food stores/restaurants. In lower population density areas, a latent class with higher food and PA resource diversity (relative to other clusters) was significantly associated with higher diet quality. In higher population density areas, a cluster with relatively more natural food/specialty stores; fewer convenience stores; and more PA resources was associated with higher diet quality. Neighborhood clusters were inconsistently associated with BMI and IR, and not associated with fast food consumption, walking, biking, or running.
Weiterentwicklung experimenteller Methoden zur Ermittlung thermodynamischer Werkstoffdaten von Lithium-Ionen-Batterien
Creators: name: Giel, Hans
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2019
Subjects: Li-Ionen-Batterien
Intermetallische Elektroden
Thermodynamik
Coulometrische Titration
Kalorimetrie
Li-ion batteries
Intermetallic electrodes
Thermodynamics
Coulometric Titration
Calorimetry

description: Um intermetallische Anoden in LIB einsetzen zu können und bestehende Kathoden zu optimieren, ist ein detailliertes Verständnis der thermodyn. Eigenschaften der Materialsysteme notwendig. In dieser Arbeit werden experimentelle Methoden (Coulometrische Titration, (Batterie-)Kalorimetrie) verbessert und zur Analyse genutzt. Untersucht werden das Li-Sn-System sowie die Kathodensysteme NMC und LCO. Mit den gewonnenen Daten können thermische und elektrochemische Eigenschaften der LIB berechnet werden.
Nanoconfined catalytic Ångström-size motors
Creators: name: Colberg, Peter H.
name: Kapral, Raymond
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Self-propelled chemically powered synthetic micron and nano-scale motors are being intensively studied because of the wide range of potential applications that exploit their directed motion. This paper considers even smaller Ångström-size synthetic motors. Such very small motors in bulk solution display effects arising from their self-propulsion. Recent experiments have shown that small-molecule catalysts and single enzyme molecules exhibit properties that have been attributed to their chemical activity. Molecular dynamics is used to investigate the properties of very small Ångström-size synthetic chemically powered sphere-dimer motors in a simple atomic-like solvent confined between walls separated by distances of tens of nanometers. Evidence for strong structural ordering of the motors between the walls, which reflects the finite size of solvent molecules and depends on solvent depletion forces, is provided. Dynamical properties, such as average motor velocity, orientational relaxation, and mean square displacement, are anisotropic and depend on the distance from the walls. This research provides information needed for potential applications that use molecular-scale motors in the complex confined geometries encountered in biology and the laboratory.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, 1 table
Electron Density and Temperature in NIO1 RF Source Operated in Oxygen and Argon
Creators: name: Barbisan, M.
name: Zaniol, B.
name: Cavenago, M.
name: Pasqualotto, R.
name: Serianni, G.
name: Zanini, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The NIO1 experiment, built and operated at Consorzio RFX, hosts an RF negative ion source, from which it is possible to produce a beam of maximum 130 mA in H- ions, accelerated up to 60 kV. For the preliminary tests of the extraction system the source has been operated in oxygen, whose high electronegativity allows to reach useful levels of extracted beam current. The efficiency of negative ions extraction is strongly influenced by the electron density and temperature close to the Plasma Grid, i.e. the grid of the acceleration system which faces the source. To support the tests, these parameters have been measured by means of the Optical Emission Spectroscopy diagnostic. This technique has involved the use of an oxygen-argon mixture to produce the plasma in the source. The intensities of specific Ar I and Ar II lines have been measured along lines of sight close to the Plasma Grid, and have been interpreted with the ADAS package to get the desired information. This work will describe the diagnostic hardware, the analysis method and the measured values of electron density and temperature, as function of the main source parameters (RF power, pressure, bias voltage and magnetic filter field). The main results show that not only electron density but also electron temperature increase with RF power; both decrease with increasing magnetic filter field. Variations of source pressure and plasma grid bias voltage appear to affect only electron temperature and electron density, respectively.
description: 7 pages 4 figures. Contributed paper for the NIBS 2016 conference. Accepted manuscript
First Beam Characterization by Means of Emission Spectroscopy in the NIO1 Experiment
Creators: name: Barbisan, M.
name: Zaniol, B.
name: Cavenago, M.
name: Serianni, G.
name: Pasqualotto, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The NIO1 experiment hosts a flexible RF H- ion source, developed by INFN-LNL and Consorzio RFX to improve the present concepts for the production and acceleration of negative ions. The source is also used to benchmark the instrumentation dedicated to the ITER neutral beam test facility. Many diagnostics are installed in NIO1 to characterize the source and the extracted negative ion beam. Among them, Beam Emission Spectroscopy (BES) has been used in NIO1 to measure the divergence and the uniformity of the beam, together with the fraction of beam ions which was neutralized inside the acceleration system. The diagnostic method is based on the analysis of the Doppler shifted $H_α$ photons emitted by the fast beam particles and collected along a line of sight. The article presents the experimental setup and the analysis algorithms of the BES diagnostic, together with a discussion of the first measurements and of their correlation with the operational parameters.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures. Contributed paper for the ICIS 2017 conference. Accepted manuscript of a published paper
Development of a 3D model of clinically relevant microcalcifications
Creators: name: Carton, Ann-Katherine
name: Jailin, Clément
name: Silva, Raoul de Sousa
name: de la Rosa, Ruben Sanchez
name: Muller, Serge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A realistic 3D anthropomorphic software model of microcalcifications may serve as a useful tool to assess the performance of breast imaging applications through simulations. We present a method allowing to simulate visually realistic microcalcifications with large morphological variability. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to analyze the shape of 281 biopsied microcalcifications imaged with a micro-CT. The PCA analysis requires the same number of shape components for each input microcalcification. Therefore, the voxel-based microcalcifications were converted to a surface mesh with same number of vertices using a marching cube algorithm. The vertices were registered using an iterative closest point algorithm and a simulated annealing algorithm. To evaluate the approach, input microcalcifications were reconstructed by progressively adding principal components. Input and reconstructed microcalcifications were visually and quantitatively compared. New microcalcifications were simulated using randomly sampled principal components determined from the PCA applied to the input microcalcifications, and their realism was appreciated through visual assessment. Preliminary results have shown that input microcalcifications can be reconstructed with high visual fidelity when using 62 principal components, representing 99.5% variance. For that condition, the average L2 norm and dice coefficient were respectively 10.5 $μ$m and 0.93. Newly generated microcalcifications with 62 principal components were found to be visually similar, while not identical, to input microcalcifications. The proposed PCA model of microcalcification shapes allows to successfully reconstruct input microcalcifications and to generate new visually realistic microcalcifications with various morphologies.
Marriage and parenthood in relation to obesogenic neighborhood trajectories: The CARDIA study
Creators: name: Gunderson, Erica P.
name: Howard, Annie Green
name: Meyer, Katie
name: Kiefe, Catarina I.
name: Laroche, Helena H.
name: Gordon-Larsen, Penny
name: Boone-Heinonen, Janne
name: Lewis, Cora E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Marriage and parenthood are associated with weight gain and residential mobility. Little is known about how obesity-relevant environmental contexts differ according to family structure. We estimated trajectories of neighborhood poverty, population density, and density of fast food restaurants, supermarkets, and commercial and public physical activity facilities for adults from a biracial cohort (CARDIA, n=4,174, aged 25–50) over 13 years (1992–93 through 2005–06) using latent growth curve analysis. We estimated associations of marriage, parenthood, and race with the observed neighborhood trajectories. Married participants tended to live in neighborhoods with lower poverty, population density, and availability of all types of food and physical activity amenities. Parenthood was similarly but less consistently related to neighborhood characteristics. Marriage and parenthood were more strongly related to neighborhood trajectories in whites (versus blacks), who, in prior studies, exhibit weaker associations between neighborhood characteristics and health. Greater understanding of how interactive family and neighborhood environments contribute to healthy living is needed.
Multiple pathways from the neighborhood food environment to increased body mass index through dietary behaviors: A structural equation-based analysis in the CARDIA study
Creators: name: Boone-Heinonen, Janne
name: Shikany, James M.
name: Meyer, Katie A.
name: Evenson, Kelly R.
name: Lewis, Cora E.
name: Howard, Annie Green
name: Gordon-Larsen, Penny
name: Popkin, Barry M.
name: Richardson, Andrea S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: To examine longitudinal pathways from multiple types of neighborhood restaurants and food stores to BMI, through dietary behaviors.
Coherent Network Analysis of Gravitational Waves from Three-Dimensional Core-Collapse Supernova Models
Creators: name: Hayama, Kazuhiro
name: Kuroda, Takami
name: Kotake, Kei
name: Takiwaki, Tomoya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using predictions from three-dimensional (3D) hydrodynamics simulations of core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe), we present a coherent network analysis to detection, reconstruction, and the source localization of the gravitational-wave (GW) signals. We use the {\tt RIDGE} pipeline for the analysis, in which the network of LIGO Hanford, LIGO Livingston, VIRGO, and KAGRA is considered. By combining with a GW spectrogram analysis, we show that several important hydrodynamics features in the original waveforms persist in the waveforms of the reconstructed signals. The characteristic excess in the spectrograms originates not only from rotating core-collapse, bounce and the subsequent ring down of the proto-neutron star (PNS) as previously identified, but also from the formation of magnetohydrodynamics jets and non-axisymmetric instabilities in the vicinity of the PNS. Regarding the GW signals emitted near at the rotating core bounce, the horizon distance extends up to $\sim$ 18 kpc for the most rapidly rotating 3D model in this work. Following the rotating core bounce, the dominant source of the GW emission shifts to the non-axisymmetric instabilities. The horizon distances extend maximally up to $\sim$ 40 kpc seen from the spin axis. With an increasing number of 3D models trending towards explosion recently, our results suggest that in addition to the best studied GW signals due to rotating core-collapse and bounce, the time is ripe to consider how we can do science from GWs of CCSNe much more seriously than before. Particularly the quasi-periodic signals due to the non-axisymmetric instabilities and the detectability should deserve further investigation to elucidate the inner-working of the rapidly rotating CCSNe.
description: PRD in press
Transport and magnetotransport in 3D Weyl Semimetals
Creators: name: Ramakrishnan, Navneeth
name: Milletari, Mirco
name: Adam, Shaffique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate the transport and magnetotransport properties of three-dimensional Weyl semimetals. Using the RPA-Boltzmann transport scattering theory for electrons scattering off randomly distributed charged impurities, together with an effective medium theory to average over the resulting spatially inhomogeneous carrier density, we smoothly connect our results for the minimum conductivity near the Weyl point with known results for the conductivity at high carrier density. In the presence of a non-quantizing magnetic field, we predict that for both high and low carrier densities, Weyl semimetals show a transition from quadratic magnetoresistance (MR) at low magnetic fields to linear MR at high magnetic fields, and that the magnitude of the MR > 10 for realistic parameters. Our results are in quantitative agreement with recent unexpected experimental observations on the mixed-chalcogenide compound TlBiSSe.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Entropic measures of joint uncertainty: effects of lack of majorization
Creators: name: Luis, Alfredo
name: Bosyk, Gustavo Martín
name: Portesi, Mariela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute Rényi entropies for the statistics of a noisy simultaneous observation of two complementary observables in two-dimensional quantum systems. The relative amount of uncertainty between two states depends on the uncertainty measure used. These results are not reproduced by a more standard duality relation. We show that these behaviors are consistent with the lack of majorization relation between the corresponding statistics.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Will China's Nutrition Transition Overwhelm Its Health Care System And Slow Economic Growth?
Creators: name: Popkin, B. M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Rapid social and economic change is transforming China, with enormous implications for its population and economy. More than a fifth of China's adult population is overweight, related to changing dietary and physical activity patterns. Overweight and poor diets are becoming a greater burden for the poor than for the rich, with subsequent large increases in hypertension, stroke, and adult-onset diabetes. The related economic costs represent 4-8 percent of the economy. Public investments are needed to head off a huge increase in the morbidity, disability, absenteeism, and medical care costs linked with this nutritional shift.
Antidepressant Reformulations: Who Uses Them, And What Are The Benefits?
Creators: name: Domino, M. E.
name: Busch, A. B.
name: Normand, S.-L. T.
name: Huskamp, H. A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The Hatch-Waxman Act provides pharmaceutical manufacturers an incentive to introduce reformulations of existing products about to lose patent protection in order to extend marketing exclusivity and maintain high prices. Antidepressant reformulations are particularly common. To determine whether antidepressant reformulation use confers benefits, we examine who uses reformulations, and compare medication continuation and the likelihood of receiving guideline-consistent pharmacotherapy duration among reformulation and original formulation users. We find some evidence of benefit for subgroups of antidepressant users, although benefits vary across reformulations.
Decay rates for the quadratic and super-quadratic tilt-excess of integral varifolds
Creators: name: Kolasiński, Sławomir
name: Menne, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49Q15, 28A15, 35J47, 35J60

description: This paper concerns integral varifolds of arbitrary dimension in an open subset of Euclidean space satisfying integrability conditions on their first variation. Firstly, the study of pointwise power decay rates almost everywhere of the quadratic tilt-excess is completed by establishing the precise decay rate for two-dimensional integral varifolds of locally bounded first variation. In order to obtain the exact decay rate, a coercive estimate involving a height-excess quantity measured in Orlicz spaces is established. Moreover, counter-examples to pointwise power decay rates almost everywhere of the super-quadratic tilt-excess are obtained. These examples are optimal in terms of the dimension of the varifold and the exponent of the integrability condition in most cases, for example if the varifold is not two-dimensional. These examples also demonstrate that within the scale of Lebesgue spaces no local higher integrability of the second fundamental form, of an at least two-dimensional curvature varifold, may be deduced from boundedness of its generalised mean curvature vector. Amongst the tools are Cartesian products of curvature varifolds.
description: mainly extended the overview section; updated references
LIT01-196, a Metabolically Stable Apelin-17 Analog, Normalizes Blood Pressure in Hypertensive DOCA-Salt Rats via a NO Synthase-dependent Mechanism
Creators: name: Flahault, Adrien
name: Keck, Mathilde
name: Girault-Sotias, Pierre-Emmanuel
name: Esteoulle, Lucie
name: de Mota, Nadia
name: Bonnet, Dominique
name: Llorens-Cortes, Catherine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Apelin is a neuro-vasoactive peptide that plays a major role in the control of cardiovascular functions and water balance, but has an in-vivo half-life in the minute range, limiting its therapeutic use. We previously developed LIT01-196, a systemically active metabolically stable apelin-17 analog, produced by chemical addition of a fluorocarbon chain to the N-terminal part of apelin-17. LIT01-196 behaves as a potent full agonist for the apelin receptor and has an in vivo half-life in the bloodstream of 28 min after intravenous (i.v.) and 156 min after subcutaneous (s.c.) administrations in conscious normotensive rats. We aimed to investigate the effects of LIT01-196 following systemic administrations on arterial blood pressure, heart rate, fluid balance and electrolytes in conscious normotensive and hypertensive deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt rats. Acute i.v. LIT01-196 administration, in increasing doses, dose-dependently decreases arterial blood pressure with ED 50 values of 9.8 and 3.1 nmol/kg in normotensive and hypertensive rats, respectively. This effect occurs for both via a nitric oxide-dependent mechanism. Moreover, acute s.c. LIT01-196 administration (90 nmol/kg) normalizes arterial blood pressure in conscious hypertensive DOCA-salt rats for more than 7 h. The LIT01-196-induced blood pressure decrease remains unchanged after 4 consecutive daily s.c. administrations of 90 nmol/kg, and does not induce any alteration of plasma sodium and potassium levels and kidney function as shown by the lack of change in plasma creatinine and urea nitrogen levels. Activating the apelin receptor with LIT01-196 may constitute a novel approach for the treatment of hypertension.
Dynamical Objectivity in Quantum Brownian Motion
Creators: name: Tuziemski, J.
name: Korbicz, J. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classical objectivity as a property of quantum states---a view proposed to explain the observer-independent character of our world from quantum theory, is an important step in bridging the quantum-classical gap. It was recently derived in terms of spectrum broadcast structures for small objects embedded in noisy photon-like environments. However, two fundamental problems have arisen: a description of objective motion and applicability to other types of environments. Here we derive an example of objective states of motion in quantum mechanics by showing a formation of dynamical spectrum broadcast structures in the celebrated, realistic model of decoherence---Quantum Brownian Motion. We do it for realistic, thermal environments and show their noise-robustness. This opens a potentially new method of studying quantum-to-classical transition.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in EPL
Gelfand-Kirillov dimensions of the $Z^2$-graded oscillator representations of sl(n)
Creators: name: Bai, Zhanqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 22E47, Secondary 17B10

description: We find an exact formula of Gelfand-Kirillov dimensions for the infinite-dimensional explicit irreducible sl(n, F)-modules that appeared in the Z^2-graded oscillator generalizations of the classical theorem on harmonic polynomials established by Luo and Xu. Three infinite subfamilies of these modules have the minimal Gelfand-Kirillov dimension. They contain weight modules with unbounded weight multiplicities and completely pointed modules.
description: 18 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1501.04781
Model-independent calculation of $SU(3)_f$ violation in baryon octet light-cone distribution amplitudes
Creators: name: Wein, Philipp
name: Schäfer, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we present a minimal parametrization of the light-cone distribution amplitudes of the baryon octet including higher twist contributions. Simultaneously we obtain the quark mass dependence of the amplitudes at leading one-loop accuracy by the use of three-flavor baryon chiral perturbation theory (BChPT), which automatically yields model-independent results for the leading $SU(3)$ flavor breaking effects. For that purpose we have constructed the nonlocal light-cone three-quark operators in terms of baryon octet and meson fields and have carried out a next-to-leading order BChPT calculation. We were able to find a minimal set of distribution amplitudes (DAs) that do not mix under chiral extrapolation towards the physical point and naturally embed the $Λ$ baryon. Additionally they are chosen in such a way that all DAs of a certain symmetry class have a similar quark mass dependence (independent of the twist of the corresponding amplitude), which allows for a compact presentation. The results are well-suited for the extrapolation of lattice data and for model building.
description: We have updated the text to match the version published in JHEP
Improving Quality And Diffusing Best Practices: The Case Of Schizophrenia
Creators: name: Normand, S.-L. T.
name: Domino, M. E.
name: Donohue, J. M.
name: Horvitz-Lennon, M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The slow diffusion of empirically supported treatments and the rapid diffusion of treatments lacking empirical support play a significant role in the quality gap in the care of people with severe mental illnesses. Further, the rapid diffusion of treatments of low cost-effectiveness limits the system's ability to provide the full gamut of high-value treatments available to treat this vulnerable population. Using the case of schizophrenia as an illustrative case study, we review the context in which these paradoxical patterns of diffusion have occurred and propose policy solutions.
Rank two nilpotent co-Higgs sheaves on complex surfaces
Creators: name: Corrêa, Maurício
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $(\mathcal{E}, ϕ)$ be a rank two co-Higgs vector bundles on a Kähler compact surface $X$ with $ϕ\in H^0(X,End(\mathcal{E})\otimes T_X)$ nilpotent. If $(\mathcal{E}, ϕ)$ is semi-stable, then one of the following holds up to finite \' etale cover: $i)$ $X$ is uniruled. $ii)$ $X$ is a torus and $(\mathcal{E}, ϕ)$ is strictly semi-stable. $iii)$ $X$ is a properly elliptic surface and $(\mathcal{E}, ϕ)$ is strictly semi-stable.
description: Major changes, following suggestions of the referee
How A North Carolina Program Boosted Preventive Oral Health Services For Low-Income Children
Creators: name: Park, J.
name: Stearns, S. C.
name: Rozier, R. G.
name: Quinonez, R. B.
name: Pahel, B. T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Dental caries, the most common chronic disease affecting young children, is exacerbated by limited access to preventive dental services for low-income children. To address this problem, North Carolina implemented a program to reimburse physicians for up to six preventive oral health visits for Medicaid-enrolled children younger than 36 months. Analysis of physician and dentist Medicaid claims from 2000 to 2006 shows the program substantially increased preventive oral health services. By 2006 approximately 30% of well-child visits for 6- to 36-month old children included these services. Additional strategies are needed to ensure preventive oral health care for more low-income children.
Trends In Snacking Among U.S. Children
Creators: name: Popkin, B. M.
name: Piernas, C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Nationally representative surveys of food intake in US children show large snacking increases between the 1989–91 to 1994–98 and 1994–98 to 2003–06 periods. Childhood snacking trends are moving toward three snacks per day with over 27% of daily calories coming from snacks. The largest increases have been in salty snack and candy consumption, while desserts and sweetened beverages remain the major sources of calories from snacks.
Data Politics and New Regimes of Mobility and Control During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic
Creators: name: Söderstrom, Ola
name: Oldfield, Sophie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Migration
Researcj

description: Data Politics and New Regimes of Mobility and Control During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic is a project of the National Center of Competence "nccr – on the move "
New Forecasting Methodology Indicates More Disease And Earlier Mortality Ahead For Today's Younger Americans
Creators: name: Olshansky, S. J.
name: Reither, E. N.
name: Yang, Y.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Traditional methods of projecting population health statistics, such as calculating future death rates, can give inaccurate results and lead to inferior or even poor policy decisions. A new “three-dimensional” method of forecasting vital health statistics is more accurate because it takes into account the delayed effects of the health risks being accumulated by today’s younger generations. Applying this forecasting technique to the US obesity epidemic suggests that future death rates and health care expenditures could be far worse than currently anticipated. We suggest that public policy makers adopt this more robust forecasting tool and redouble efforts to develop and implement effective obesity-related prevention programs and interventions.
Perspectives on neural proof nets
Creators: name: Moot, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper I will present a novel way of combining proof net proof search with neural networks. It contrasts with the 'standard' approach which has been applied to proof search in type-logical grammars in various different forms. In the standard approach, we first transform words to formulas (supertagging) then match atomic formulas to obtain a proof. I will introduce an alternative way to split the task into two: first, we generate the graph structure in a way which guarantees it corresponds to a lambda-term, then we obtain the detailed structure using vertex labelling. Vertex labelling is a well-studied task in graph neural networks, and different ways of implementing graph generation using neural networks will be explored.
description: This is an extended version of an invited talk for the workshop End-to-End Compositional Models of Vector-Based Semantics
Factorization, Inference and Parameter Learning in Discrete AMP Chain Graphs
Creators: name: Peña, Jose M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We address some computational issues that may hinder the use of AMP chain graphs in practice. Specifically, we show how a discrete probability distribution that satisfies all the independencies represented by an AMP chain graph factorizes according to it. We show how this factorization makes it possible to perform inference and parameter learning efficiently, by adapting existing algorithms for Markov and Bayesian networks. Finally, we turn our attention to another issue that may hinder the use of AMP CGs, namely the lack of an intuitive interpretation of their edges. We provide one such interpretation.
Editorial for the Art Style, Art & Culture International Magazine, no. 6
Creators: name: Wagner, Christiane
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Art
Culture
Postmodern

description: Art Style | Art & Culture International Magazine Editor-in-Chief and Creative Director: Christiane Wagner Senior Editor: Martina Sauer For more information about the board, please click on Editorial Team and Art Style Magazine’s Scientific Committee
description: Art Style, Art & Culture International Magazine is an open-access, biannual, and peer-reviewed online magazine that aims to bundle cultural diversity. All values of cultures are shown in their varieties of art. Beyond the importance of the medium, form, and context in which art takes its characteristics, art is considered the significance of socio-cultural, historical, and market influence.
HIV Treatment Produces Economic Returns Through Increased Work And Education, And Warrants Continued US Support
Creators: name: Rosen, S.
name: Thirumurthy, H.
name: Larson, B.
name: Galarraga, O.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Federal expenditures are under scrutiny in the United States, and the merits of continuing and expanding the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) to support access to antiretroviral therapy have become a topic of debate. A growing body of research on the economic benefits of treatment with antiretroviral therapy has important implications for these discussions. For example, research conducted since the inception of PEPFAR shows that HIV-infected adults who receive antiretroviral therapy often begin or resume productive work, and that children living in households with infected adults who are on treatment are more likely to attend school than those in households with untreated adults. These benefits should be considered when weighing the overall benefits of providing antiretroviral therapy against its costs, particularly in the context of discussions about the future of PEPFAR. A modest case can also be made in favor of having private companies in HIV-affected countries provide antiretroviral therapy to their employees and dependents, thus sharing some of the burden of funding HIV treatment.
Distributed Control of Inverter-Based Lossy Microgrids for Power Sharing and Frequency Regulation Under Voltage Constraints
Creators: name: Chang, Chin-Yao
name: Zhang, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper presents a new distributed control framework to coordinate inverter-interfaced distributed energy resources (DERs) in island microgrids. We show that under bounded load uncertainties, the proposed control method can steer the microgrid to a desired steady state with synchronized inverter frequency across the network and proportional sharing of both active and reactive powers among the inverters. We also show that such convergence can be achieved while respecting constraints on voltage magnitude and branch angle differences. The controller is robust under various contingency scenarios, including loss of communication links and failures of DERs. The proposed controller is applicable to lossy mesh microgrids with heterogeneous R/X distribution lines and reasonable parameter variations. Simulations based on various microgrid operation scenarios are also provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed control method.
STOCK VALUATION IN ELECTRIC VEHICLE COMPANIES LISTED ON THE INDONESIAN STOCK EXCHANGE
Creators: name: PALTI MARULITUA SITORUS
name: ANGGARA RAMADHAN
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Valuation, Intrinsic Value, Discounted Cash Flow, Relative Valuation.

description: Abstract
The aim of this study is to estimate the fair value of shares in electric vehicle companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange (BEI), namely PT. NFC Indonesia (NFCX), PT. Wijaya Karya (WIKA), PT. TBS Energi Utama (TOBA), and PT. Indika Energy (INDY). This study uses the discounted cash flow method with the free cash flow to firm approach and relative valuation with the price earning ratio (PER) and price-book value (PBV) approaches. Both methods use three scenarios: pessimistic, moderate, and optimistic. The results of both of these methods will give advice to the parties involved. The results of the study showed that with the DCF-FCFF methods, NFCX, TOBA, and INDY shares were undervalued in all scenarios, while WIKA was overvalued used in all scenarios.
Editorial for the Art Style, Art & Culture International Magazine, no. 6
Creators: name: Wagner, Christiane
name: Sauer, Martina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Art
Culture
Postmodern

description: Art Style | Art & Culture International Magazine Sixth Edition: Special Issue on the Postmodern Age Editor-in-Chief and Creative Director: Christiane Wagner Senior Editor: Martina Sauer For more information about the board, please click on Editorial Team and Art Style Magazine’s Scientific Committee
description: Art Style, Art & Culture International Magazine is an open-access, biannual, and peer-reviewed online magazine that aims to bundle cultural diversity. All values of cultures are shown in their varieties of art. Beyond the importance of the medium, form, and context in which art takes its characteristics, art is considered the significance of socio-cultural, historical, and market influence.
Peer Support For Self-Management Of Diabetes Improved Outcomes In International Settings
Creators: name: Coufal, M. M.
name: Baumann, L. C.
name: Fisher, E. B.
name: Mbanya, J. C.
name: Sanguanprasit, B.
name: Rotheram-Borus, M. J.
name: Boothroyd, R. I.
name: Tanasugarn, C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Self-management of diabetes is essential to reducing the risks of associated disabilities. But effective self-management is often short-lived. Peers can provide the kind of ongoing support that is needed for sustained self-management of diabetes. In this context, peers are nonprofessionals who have diabetes or close familiarity with its management. Key functions of effective peer support include assistance in daily management, social and emotional support, linkage to clinical care, and ongoing availability of support. Using these four functions as a template of peer support, project teams in Cameroon, South Africa, Thailand, and Uganda developed and then evaluated peer support interventions for adults with diabetes. Our initial assessment found improvements in symptom management, diet, blood pressure, body mass index, and blood sugar levels for many of those taking part in the programs. For policy makers, the broader message is that by emphasizing the four key peer support functions, diabetes management programs can be successfully introduced across varied cultural settings and within diverse health systems.
Theoretical analysis and experimental validation of volume bias of soft Dice optimized segmentation maps in the context of inherent uncertainty
Creators: name: Bertels, Jeroen
name: Robben, David
name: Vandermeulen, Dirk
name: Suetens, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The clinical interest is often to measure the volume of a structure, which is typically derived from a segmentation. In order to evaluate and compare segmentation methods, the similarity between a segmentation and a predefined ground truth is measured using popular discrete metrics, such as the Dice score. Recent segmentation methods use a differentiable surrogate metric, such as soft Dice, as part of the loss function during the learning phase. In this work, we first briefly describe how to derive volume estimates from a segmentation that is, potentially, inherently uncertain or ambiguous. This is followed by a theoretical analysis and an experimental validation linking the inherent uncertainty to common loss functions for training CNNs, namely cross-entropy and soft Dice. We find that, even though soft Dice optimization leads to an improved performance with respect to the Dice score and other measures, it may introduce a volume bias for tasks with high inherent uncertainty. These findings indicate some of the method's clinical limitations and suggest doing a closer ad-hoc volume analysis with an optional re-calibration step.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables, published in Elsevier Medical Image Analysis (2021)
Algebra in probabilistic reasoning
Creators: name: Boege, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62R01 (Primary) 14P10, 68T37 (Secondary)

description: This short expository paper outlines applications of computer algebra to the implication problem of conditional independence for Gaussian random variables. We touch on certificates for validity and invalidity of inference rules from the perspective of reproducibility of research data, computational complexity of the inference problem and draw a parallel to automated theorem proving in synthetic geometry.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures; minor update of the published article
Near-field enhanced optical tweezers utilizing femtosecond-laser nanostructured substrates
Creators: name: Kotsifaki, Domna G.
name: Kandyla, Maria
name: Lagoudakis, Pavlos G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present experimental evidence of plasmonic-enhanced optical tweezers, of polystyrene beads in deionized water in the vicinity of metal-coated nanostructures. The optical tweezers operate with a continuous wave (CW) near-infrared laser. We employ a Cu/Au bilayer that significantly improves dissipation of heat generated by the trapping laser beam and avoid de-trapping from heat convection currents. We investigate the improvement of the optical trapping force, the effective trapping quality factor, and observe an exponential distance dependence of the trapping force from the nanostructures, expected from the evanescent plasmon field.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
North Carolina Physician-Based Preventive Oral Health Services Improve Access And Use Among Young Medicaid Enrollees
Creators: name: Vann, W.
name: Divaris, K.
name: Lee, J.
name: Baker, A. D.
name: Kranz, A. M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: To combat disparities in oral health and access to dental care among infants and toddlers, most state Medicaid programs now reimburse physician-based preventive oral health services, such as fluoride varnish applications. We used geospatial data to examine the distribution of dental and medical Medicaid providers of pediatric oral health services throughout North Carolina to determine if these services have improved access to care for Medicaid enrollees younger than three years old. We then used claims data to examine the association between distance from these practices and use of dental services for a cohort of approximately 1,000 young children. Among 100 counties, four counties had no physician-based preventive oral health services and nine counties had no dental practice. While children who lived further from the nearest dental practice were less likely to make dental visits, distance from physician-based preventive oral health services did not predict use. For young Medicaid enrollees, oral health services provided in medical offices can improve access and increase use.
X-Ray Spectral Parameters for a Sample of 95 Active Galactic Nuclei
Creators: name: Vasylenko, A. A.
name: Zhdanov, V. I.
name: Fedorova, E. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a broadband X-ray analysis of a new homogeneous sample of 95 active galactic nuclei (AGN) from the 22-month Swift/BAT all-sky survey. For this sample we treated jointly the X-ray spectra observed by XMM-Newton and INTEGRAL missions for the total spectral range of 0.5-250 keV. Photon index Γ, relative reflection R, equivalent width of Fe $K_α$ line (EW Fe $K_α$), hydrogen column density $N_{H}$, exponential cut-off energy $E_{c}$ and intrinsic luminosity $L_{corr}$ are determined for all objects of the sample. We investigated correlations Γ- R, EW Fe $K_α$ - $L_{corr}$, Γ- $E_{c}$, EW Fe $K_α$ - $N_{H}$. Dependence Γ- R for Seyfert 1 and 2 type of galaxies has been investigated separately. We found that the relative reflection parameter at low power-law indexes for Seyfert 2 galaxies is systematically higher than for Seyfert 1 ones. This can be related to an increasing contribution of the reflected radiation from the gas-dust torus. Our data show that there exists some anticorrelation between EW Fe $K_α$ and $L_{corr}$, but it is not strong. We have not found statistically significant deviations from the AGN Unified Model.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in Astrophysics and Space Science