cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A step-wise community engagement and capacity building model prior to implementation of mhGAP-IG in a low- and middle-income country: a case study of Makueni County, Kenya
Creators: name: Mutiso, Victoria N.
name: Gitonga, Isaiah
name: Musau, Abednego
name: Musyimi, Christine W.
name: Nandoya, Eric
name: Rebello, Tahilia Jay
name: Pike, Kathleen M.
name: Ndetei, David M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Mental health services
Regional disparities
Public health

description: Background: The World Health Organization developed the Mental Health Gap Action Programme Intervention Guide (mhGAP-IG) as guidelines for innovative utilization of available resources in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in order to accelerate the reduction of the mental health treatment gap. The mhGAP-IG calls for each country to contextualize the guide to their social, cultural and economic context. The objective of this paper is to describe a model for a stepwise approach for implementation of mhGAP-IG in a rural Kenyan setting using existing formal and informal community resources and health systems.

Methods: We conducted an analysis of mental health services in Makueni County, one of the 47 counties in Kenya, in order to understand the existing gaps and opportunities in a low-resource setting. We conducted stakeholder analysis and engagement through interactive dialogue in order for them to appreciate the importance of mental health to their communities. Through the process of participatory Theory of Change, the stakeholders gave their input on the process between the initiation and the end of the process for community mental health development, with the aim of achieving buy-in and collective ownership of the whole process. We adapted the mhGAP-IG to the local context and trained local human resources in skills necessary for the implementation of mhGAP-IG and for monitoring and evaluating the process using instruments with good psychometric properties that have been used in LMICs.

Results: We were able to demonstrate the feasibility of implementing the mhGAP-IG using existing and trained community human resources using a multi-stakeholder approach. We further demonstrated the feasibility to transit seamlessly from research to policy and practice uptake using our approach.

Conclusions: An inclusive model for low resource settings is feasible and has the potential to bridge the gap between research, policy and practice. A major limitation of our study is that we did not engage a health economist from the beginning in order to determine the cost-effectiveness of our proposed model, occasioned by lack of resources to hire a suitable one.
Creation of cosmic structure in the complex galaxy cluster merger Abell 2744
Creators: name: Merten, J.
name: Coe, D.
name: Dupke, R.
name: Massey, R.
name: Zitrin, A.
name: Cypriano, E. S.
name: Okabe, N.
name: Frye, B.
name: Braglia, F. G.
name: Jimenez-Teja, Y.
name: Benitez, N.
name: Broadhurst, T.
name: Rhodes, J.
name: Meneghetti, M.
name: Moustakas, L. A.
name: Sodre, L.
name: Krick, J.
name: Bregman, J. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed strong lensing, weak lensing and X-ray analysis of Abell 2744 (z = 0.308), one of the most actively merging galaxy clusters known. It appears to have unleashed `dark', `ghost', `bullet' and `stripped' substructures, each ~10^14 solar masses. The phenomenology is complex and will present a challenge for numerical simulations to reproduce. With new, multiband HST imaging, we identify 34 strongly-lensed images of 11 galaxies around the massive Southern `core'. Combining this with weak lensing data from HST, VLT and Subaru, we produce the most detailed mass map of this cluster to date. We also perform an independent analysis of archival Chandra X-ray imaging. Our analyses support a recent claim that the Southern core and Northwestern substructure are post-merger and exhibit morphology similar to the Bullet Cluster viewed from an angle. From the separation between X-ray emitting gas and lensing mass in the Southern core, we derive a new and independent constraint on the self-interaction cross section of dark matter particles sigma/m
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables. Journal version
Additional file 1 of Knowledge, attitude, behaviour, and influencing factors of home-based medication safety among community-dwelling older adults with chronic diseases: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Yu-ting, Yang
name: Yong-wei, Yang
name: Miao, Yao
name: Qiong, Ye
name: Meng-yu, Wu
name: Ting, Lin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1. Participants’ Demographic Characteristics Questionnair
Seesaw and leptogenesis: a triangular ansatz
Creators: name: Falcone, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A triangular ansatz for the seesaw mechanism and baryogenesis via leptogenesis is explored. In a basis where both the charged lepton and the Majorana mass matrix are diagonal, the Dirac mass matrix can generally be written as the product of a unitary times a triangular matrix. We assume the unitary matrix to be the identity and then an upper triangular Dirac matrix. Constraints from bilarge lepton mixing and leptogenesis are studied.
description: 6 pages, revised and corrected
ELMAG: A Monte Carlo simulation of electromagnetic cascades on the extragalactic background light and in magnetic fields
Creators: name: Kachelriess, M.
name: Ostapchenko, S.
name: Tomas, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Monte Carlo program for the simulation of electromagnetic cascades initiated by high-energy photons and electrons interacting with extragalactic background light (EBL) is presented. Pair production and inverse Compton scattering on EBL photons as well as synchrotron losses and deflections of the charged component in extragalactic magnetic fields (EGMF) are included in the simulation. Weighted sampling of the cascade development is applied to reduce the number of secondary particles and to speed up computations. As final result, the simulation procedure provides the energy, the observation angle, and the time delay of secondary cascade particles at the present epoch. Possible applications are the study of TeV blazars and the influence of the EGMF on their spectra or the calculation of the contribution from ultrahigh energy cosmic rays or dark matter to the diffuse extragalactic gamma-ray background. As an illustration, we present results for deflections and time-delays relevant for the derivation of limits on the EGMF.
description: 10 pages, 5 eps figures; program available at http://elmag.sourceforge.net; v2 matches published version
title: Event couple spectral ratio Q method for earthquake clusters
title: application to northwest Bohemia
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Kriegerowski, Marius
name: Cesca, Simone
name: Ohrnberger, Matthias
name: Dahm, Torsten
name: Prof. Dr., Frank
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2019

description: We develop an amplitude spectral ratio method for event couples from clustered earthquakes to estimate seismic wave attenuation (Q-1) in the source volume. The method allows to study attenuation within the source region of earthquake swarms or aftershocks at depth, independent of wave path and attenuation between source region and surface station. We exploit the high-frequency slope of phase spectra using multitaper spectral estimates. The method is tested using simulated full wave-field seismograms affected by recorded noise and finite source rupture. The synthetic tests verify the approach and show that solutions are independent of focal mechanisms but also show that seismic noise may broaden the scatter of results. We apply the event couple spectral ratio method to northwest Bohemia, Czech Republic, a region characterized by the persistent occurrence of earthquake swarms in a confined source region at mid-crustal depth. Our method indicates a strong anomaly of high attenuation in the source region of the swarm with an averaged attenuation factor of Qp < 100. The application to S phases fails due to scattered P-phase energy interfering with S phases. The Qp anomaly supports the common hypothesis of highly fractured and fluid saturated rocks in the source region of the swarms in northwest Bohemia. However, high temperatures in a small volume around the swarms cannot be excluded to explain our observations.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe, 683
A genesis index for monsoon disturbances
Creators: name: Ditchek, Sarah D.
name: Boos, William R.
name: Camargo, Suzana J.
name: Tippett, Michael K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Monsoons
Monsoons--Mathematical models
Climatic changes
Climatology
Humidity
Regression analysis

description: Synoptic-scale monsoon disturbances produce the majority of continental rainfall in the monsoon regions of South Asia and Australia, yet there is little understanding of the conditions that foster development of these low pressure systems. Here a genesis index is used to associate monsoon disturbance genesis in a global domain with monthly mean, climatological environmental variables. This monsoon disturbance genesis index (MDGI) is based on four objectively selected variables: total column water vapor, low-level absolute vorticity, an approximate measure of convective available potential energy, and midtropospheric relative humidity. A Poisson regression is used to estimate the index coefficients. Unlike existing tropical cyclone genesis indices, the MDGI is defined over both land and ocean, consistent with the fact that monsoon disturbance genesis can occur over land. The index coefficients change little from their global values when estimated separately for the Asian–Australian monsoon region or the Indian monsoon region, suggesting that the conditions favorable for monsoon disturbance genesis, and perhaps the dynamics of genesis itself, are common across multiple monsoon regions. Vertical wind shear is found to be a useful predictor in some regional subdomains; although previous studies suggested that baroclinicity may foster monsoon disturbance genesis, here genesis frequency is shown to be reduced in regions of strong climatological vertical shear. The coefficients of the MDGI suggest that monsoon disturbance genesis is fostered by humid, convectively unstable environments that are rich in vorticity. Similarities with indices used to describe the distribution of tropical cyclone genesis are discussed.
title: A Metamorphosis of International Law?
title: Value changes in the international legal order from the perspectives of legal and political science
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Krieger, Heike
name: Liese, Andrea
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2019

description: The paper aims to lay out a framework for evaluating value shifts in the international legal order for the purposes of a forthcoming book. In view of current contestations it asks whether we are observing yet another period of norm change (Wandel) or even a more fundamental transformation of international law – a metamorphosis (Verwandlung). For this purpose it suggests to look into the mechanisms of how norms change from the perspective of legal and political science and also to approximate a reference point where change turns into metamorphosis. It submits that such a point may be reached where specific legally protected values are indeed changing (change of legal values) or where the very idea of protecting certain values through law is renounced (delegalizing of values). The paper discusses the benefits of such an interdisciplinary exchange and tries to identify differences and commonalities among both disciplinary perspectives.
description: KFG Working Paper Series, 27
Baryogenesis via leptogenesis from quark-lepton symmetry\par and a compact heavy $N_R$ spectrum
Creators: name: Buccella, F.
name: Falcone, D.
name: Oliver, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By demanding a compact spectrum for the right-handed neutrinos and an approximate quark-lepton symmetry inspired from SO(10) gauge unification (assuming a Dirac neutrino mass matrix close to the up quark mass matrix), we construct a {\it fine tuning} scenario for baryogenesis via leptogenesis. We find two solutions with a normal hierarchy, with the lightest neutrino mass $m_1$ different from zero, providing an absolute scale for the spectrum. In the approximations of the model, there are three independent CP phases : $δ_L$ (that we take of the order of the quark Kobayashi-Maskawa phase) and the two light neutrino Majorana phases $α$ and $β$. A main conclusion is that, although this general scheme is rather flexible, in some regions of parameter space we find that the necessary baryogenesis with its sign is given in terms of the $δ_L$ phase alone. The light Majorana phases can also be computed and turn out to be close of $π/2$ or small. Moreover, SO(10) breaks down to the Pati-Salam group $SU(4) \times SU(2) \times SU(2)$ at the expected natural intermediate scale of about $10^{10}-10^{11}\ GeV$. A prediction is done for the effective mass in $(ββ)_{0ν}$ decay, the $ν_e$ mass and the sum of all light neutrino masses.
description: 51 pages and 16 figures
Ensemble Pulsar Time Scale
Creators: name: Rodin, Alexander E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The algorithm of the ensemble pulsar time scale (PT$_{\rm ens}$) based on the optimal Wiener filtration method has been proposed. This algorithm allows the separation of the contributions to the post-fit pulsar timing residuals of the atomic clock and pulsar itself. Filters were designed with the use of the cross-spectra of the timing residuals. The method has been applied to the timing data of six millisecond pulsars. Direct comparison with the classical method of the weighted average showed that use of the optimal Wiener filters before averaging allows noticeably to improve the fractional instability of the ensemble time scale. Application of the proposed method to the most stable millisecond pulsars with the fractional instability $σ_z < 10^{-15}$ may improve the fractional instability of PT$_{\rm ens}$ up to the level $\sim 10^{-16}$.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1 of Project DECIDE, part II: decision-making places for people with dementia in Alzheimer’s disease: supporting advance decision-making by improving person-environment fit
Creators: name: Florack, Janina
name: Abele, Christina
name: Baisch, Stefanie
name: Forstmeier, Simon
name: Garmann, Daniel
name: Grond, Martin
name: Hornke, Ingmar
name: Karakaya, Tarik
name: Karneboge, Jonas
name: Knopf, Boris
name: Lindl, Gregor
name: Müller, Tanja
name: Oswald, Frank
name: Pfeiffer, Nathalie
name: Prvulovic, David
name: Poth, Aoife
name: Reif, Andreas
name: Schmidtmann, Irene
name: Theile-Schürholz, Anna
name: Ullrich, Heiko
name: Haberstroh, Julia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. WHO Trial Data Registration Set.
Elliptic Deformed Superalgebra $u_{q,p}(\hat{sl}(M|N))$
Creators: name: Kojima, Takeo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B37, 17B65, 81R10, 81R50

description: We introduce the elliptic superalgebra $U_{q,p}(\hat{sl}(M|N))$ as one parameter deformation of the quantum superalgebra $U_q(\hat{sl}(M|N))$. For an arbitrary level $k \neq 1$ we give the bosonization of the elliptic superalgebra $U_{q,p}(\hat{sl}(1|2))$ and the screening currents that commute with $U_{q,p}(\hat{sl}(1|2))$ modulo total difference.
description: LaTEX, 25 pages
The dynamics of spiral arms in pure stellar disks
Creators: name: Fujii, M. S.
name: Baba, J.
name: Saitoh, T. R.
name: Makino, J.
name: Kokubo, E.
name: Wada, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been believed that spirals in pure stellar disks, especially the ones spontaneously formed, decay in several galactic rotations due to the increase of stellar velocity dispersions. Therefore, some cooling mechanism, for example dissipational effects of the interstellar medium, was assumed to be necessary to keep the spiral arms. Here we show that stellar disks can maintain spiral features for several tens of rotations without the help of cooling, using a series of high-resolution three-dimensional $N$-body simulations of pure stellar disks. We found that if the number of particles is sufficiently large, e.g., $3\times 10^6$, multi-arm spirals developed in an isolated disk can survive for more than 10 Gyrs. We confirmed that there is a self-regulating mechanism that maintains the amplitude of the spiral arms. Spiral arms increase Toomre's $Q$ of the disk, and the heating rate correlates with the squared amplitude of the spirals. Since the amplitude itself is limited by the value of $Q$, this makes the dynamical heating less effective in the later phase of evolution. A simple analytical argument suggests that the heating is caused by gravitational scattering of stars by spiral arms, and that the self-regulating mechanism in pure-stellar disks can effectively maintain spiral arms on a cosmological timescale. In the case of a smaller number of particles, e.g., $3\times 10^5$, spiral arms grow faster in the beginning of the simulation (while $Q$ is small) and they cause a rapid increase of $Q$. As a result, the spiral arms become faint in several Gyrs.
description: 18 pages, 19 figures, accepted for ApJ
Tropical cyclones in the GISS ModelE2
Creators: name: Camargo, Suzana J.
name: Sobel, Adam H.
name: Del Genio, Anthony D.
name: Jonas, Jeffrey A.
name: Kelley, Maxwell
name: Lu, Yun
name: Shaevitz, Daniel A.
name: Henderson, Naomi L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Cyclones
Hurricanes
Atmospheric circulation
Climatic changes
Climatic changes--Models

description: The authors describe the characteristics of tropical cyclone (TC) activity in the GISS general circulation ModelE2 with a horizontal resolution 1°×1°. Four model simulations are analysed. In the first, the model is forced with sea surface temperature (SST) from the recent historical climatology. The other three have different idealised climate change simulations, namely (1) a uniform increase of SST by 2 degrees, (2) doubling of the CO2 concentration and (3) a combination of the two. These simulations were performed as part of the US Climate Variability and Predictability Program Hurricane Working Group. Diagnostics of standard measures of TC activity are computed from the recent historical climatological SST simulation and compared with the same measures computed from observations. The changes in TC activity in the three idealised climate change simulations, by comparison with that in the historical climatological SST simulation, are also described. Similar to previous results in the literature, the changes in TC frequency in the simulation with a doubling CO2 and an increase in SST are approximately the linear sum of the TC frequency in the other two simulations. However, in contrast with previous results, in these simulations the effects of CO2 and SST on TC frequency oppose each other. Large-scale environmental variables associated with TC activity are then analysed for the present and future simulations. Model biases in the large-scale fields are identified through a comparison with ERA-Interim reanalysis. Changes in the environmental fields in the future climate simulations are shown and their association with changes in TC activity discussed.
The everpresent eta-problem: knowledge of all hidden sectors required
Creators: name: Hardeman, Sjoerd
name: Oberreuter, Johannes M.
name: Palma, Gonzalo A.
name: Schalm, Koenraad
name: van der Aalst, Ted
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that the eta-problem in supergravity inflation cannot be solved without knowledge of the ground state of hidden sectors that are gravitationally coupled to the inflaton. If the hidden sector breaks supersymmetry independently, its fields cannot be stabilized during cosmological evolution of the inflaton. We show that both the subsequent dynamical mixing between sectors as well as the lightest mass of the hidden sector are set by the scale of supersymmetry breaking in the hidden sector. The true cosmological eta-parameter arises from a linear combination of the lightest mode of the hidden sector with the inflaton. Generically, either the true eta deviates considerably from the naïve eta implied by the inflaton sector alone, or one has to consider a multifield model. Only if the lightest mass in the hidden sector is much larger than the inflaton mass and if the inflaton mass is much larger than the scale of hidden sector supersymmetry breaking, is the effect of the hidden sector on the slow-roll dynamics of the inflaton negligible.
description: 27 pages, 6 figures; v2, published version, minor adjustments to the introduction, minor corrections to section 2.2 for improved clarity, references added
Characterization of HIV seroconverters in a TDF/FTC PrEP study: HPTN 067/ADAPT
Creators: name: Sivay, Mariya V.
name: Li, Maoji
name: Piwowar-Manning, Estelle
name: Zhang, Yinfeng
name: Hudelson, Sarah
name: Marzinke, Mark A.
name: Amico, K. Rivet
name: Redd, Andrew
name: Hendrix, Craig W.
name: Anderson, Peter
name: Bokoch, Kevin
name: Bekker, Linda-Gail
name: Van Griensven, Frits
name: Mannheimer, Sharon B.
name: Hughes, James
name: Grant, Robert M.
name: Eshleman, Susan H.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: HIV infections
HIV infections—Prevention
Pre-exposure prophylaxis
Patient compliance
Antiretroviral agents

description: Background: HPTN 067/ADAPT evaluated tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in women (South Africa) and men who have sex with men (Thailand, US). Participants received once-weekly directly observed TDF/FTC (DOT), and were then randomized to daily, time-driven, or event-driven PrEP. This report describes characterization of 12 HIV seroconversion events in this trial.

Methods: HIV rapid testing was performed at study sites. Retrospective testing included: 4th generation assays; HIV RNA testing; Western blot; an HIV-1/2 discriminatory assay; resistance testing; and antiretroviral (ARV) drug testing.

Results: Six of the 12 seroconverters received TDF/FTC in the DOT phase, but were not randomized (3 were acutely infected at enrollment; 2 were infected during the DOT phase; one was not randomized due to pregnancy). One of the six randomized participants had acute infection at randomization but was not diagnosed for 3–4 months because HIV rapid tests were non-reactive; continued daily PrEP use was associated with false-negative antibody tests and low HIV RNA levels. The five participants infected after randomization included four with low adherence to the PrEP regimen, and one who reported a 7-day period without dosing prior to infection. Three participants had TDF/FTC resistance (M184I, K65R), including two who received only four once-weekly TDF/FTC doses; most TDF/FTC mutations were detected by next generation sequencing only.

Conclusions: In HPTN 067/ADAPT, participants who acquired HIV infection had infrequent PrEP dosing or low/suboptimal adherence. Sensitive assays improved detection of HIV infection and drug resistance. Drug resistance was observed with limited PrEP exposure.
Performance of the BioPlex 2200 HIV Ag-Ab assay for identifying acute HIV infection
Creators: name: Eshleman, Susan H.
name: Piwowar-Manning, Estelle
name: Sivay, Mariya V.
name: Debevec, Barbara
name: Veater, Stephanie
name: McKinstry, Laura A.
name: Bekker, Linda-Gail
name: Mannheimer, Sharon B.
name: Grant, Robert M.
name: Chesney, Margaret A.
name: Coates, Thomas J.
name: Koblin, Beryl A.
name: Fogel, Jessica M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: HIV infections--Diagnosis
HIV (Viruses)--Testing
HIV (Viruses)
Medicine

description: Background: Assays that detect HIV antigen (Ag) and antibody (Ab) can be used to screen for HIV infection.

Objectives: To compare the performance of the BioPlex 2200 HIV Ag-Ab assay and two other Ag/Ab combination assays for detection of acute HIV infection.

Study Design: Samples were obtained from 24 individuals (18 from the US, 6 from South Africa); these individuals were classified as having acute infection based on the following criteria: positive qualitative RNA assay; two negative rapid tests; negative discriminatory test. The samples were tested with the BioPlex assay, the ARCHITECT HIV Ag/Ab Combo test, the Bio-Rad GS HIV Combo Ag-Ab EIA test, and a viral load assay.

Results: Twelve (50.0%) of 24 samples had RNA detected only (>40 to 13,476 copies/mL). Ten (43.5%) samples had reactive results with all three Ag/Ab assays, one sample was reactive with the ARCHITECT and Bio-Rad assays, and one sample was reactive with the Bio-Rad and BioPlex assays. The 11 samples that were reactive with the BioPlex assay had viral loads from 83,010 to >750,000 copies/mL; 9/11 samples were classified as Ag positive/Ab negative by the BioPlex assay.

Conclusions: Detection of acute HIV infection was similar for the BioPlex assay and two other Ag/Ab assays. All three tests were less sensitive than a qualitative RNA assay and only detected HIV Ag when the viral load was high. The BioPlex assay detected acute infection in about half of the cases, and identified most of those infections as Ag positive/Ab negative.
Sex, PrEP, and Stigma: Experiences with HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Among New York City MSM Participating in the HPTN 067/ADAPT Study
Creators: name: Franks, Julie C.
name: Hirsch-Moverman, Yael
name: Loquere, Avelino S
name: Amico, K. Rivet
name: Grant, Robert M.
name: Dye, Bonnie J.
name: Rivera, Yan M.
name: Gamboa, Robert F.
name: Mannheimer, Sharon B.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: HIV (Viruses)--Prevention
HIV (Viruses)--Transmission--Prevention
Pre-exposure prophylaxis
Patient compliance
Antiretroviral agents

description: The HPTN 067/Alternative Dosing to Augment Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Pill Taking (ADAPT) study evaluated daily and non-daily dosing schedules for oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to prevent HIV. A qualitative sub-study including focus groups and in-depth interviews was conducted among men who have sex with men participating in New York City to understand their experience with PrEP and study dosing schedules. The 37 sub-study participants were 68% black, 11% white, and 8% Asian; 27% were of Hispanic/Latino ethnicity. Mean age was 34 years. Themes resulting from qualitative analysis include: PrEP is a significant advance for HIV prevention; non-daily dosing of PrEP is congruent with HIV risk; and pervasive stigma connected to HIV and risk behavior is a barrier to PrEP adherence, especially for non-daily dosing schedules. The findings underscore how PrEP intersects with other HIV prevention practices and highlight the need to understand and address multidimensional stigma related to PrEP use.
Additional file 5 of Genome-wide identification and characterization of the chemosensory relative protein genes in Rhus gall aphid Schlechtendalia chinensis
Creators: name: He, Hongli
name: Crabbe, M. James C.
name: Ren, Zhumei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5: Table S1. Hi-C Assembly datastatistics of Schlechtendalia chinensis.
Additional file 6 of Genome-wide identification and characterization of the chemosensory relative protein genes in Rhus gall aphid Schlechtendalia chinensis
Creators: name: He, Hongli
name: Crabbe, M. James C.
name: Ren, Zhumei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6: Table S2. Schlechtendalia chinensis genome assembly detailed statistics.
Constraints on the Heating of High Temperature Active Region Loops: Observations from Hinode and SDO
Creators: name: Warren, Harry P.
name: Brooks, David H.
name: Winebarger, Amy R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observations of high temperature emission in the core of a solar active region using instruments on Hinode and SDO. These multi-instrument observations allow us to determine the distribution of plasma temperatures and follow the evolution of emission at different temperatures. We find that at the apex of the high temperature loops the emission measure distribution is strongly peaked near 4 MK and falls off sharply at both higher and lower temperatures. Perhaps most significantly, the emission measure at 0.5 MK is reduced by more than two orders of magnitude from the peak at 4 MK. We also find that the temporal evolution in broad-band soft X-ray images is relatively constant over about 6 hours of observing. Observations in the cooler SDO/AIA bandpasses generally do not show cooling loops in the core of the active region, consistent with the steady emission observed at high temperatures. These observations suggest that the high temperature loops observed in the core of an active region are close to equilibrium. We find that it is possible to reproduce the relative intensities of high temperature emission lines with a simple, high-frequency heating scenario where heating events occur on time scales much less than a cooling time. In contrast, low-frequency heating scenarios, which are commonly invoked to describe nanoflare models of coronal heating, do not reproduce the relative intensities of high temperature emission lines and predict low-temperature emission that is approximately an order of magnitude too large. We also present an initial look at images from the SDO/AIA 94 A channel, which is sensitive to Fe XVIII.
description: Movies are available at http://tcrb.nrl.navy.mil/~hwarren/temp/papers/active_region_core/ Paper has been refereed and revised
Additional file 7 of Genome-wide identification and characterization of the chemosensory relative protein genes in Rhus gall aphid Schlechtendalia chinensis
Creators: name: He, Hongli
name: Crabbe, M. James C.
name: Ren, Zhumei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 7: Table S3. The 10 conserved motifs of chemoreception genes family in the Schlechtendalia chinensis.
“You must first save her life”: community perceptions towards induced abortion and postabortion care in North and South Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo
Creators: name: Casey, Sara E.
name: Steven, Victoria J.
name: Deitch, Julianne
name: Files Dumas, Erin
name: Gallagher, Meghan C.
name: Martinez, Stephanie
name: Morris, Catherine N.
name: Rafanoharana, Raoza Vololona
name: Wheeler, Erin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Abortion
Abortion services
Abortion--Attitudes
Abortion--Public opinion
Reproductive health services

description: Structural barriers such as a restrictive legal environment, limited medical resources, and high costs inhibit access to safe abortion in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC); these barriers are exacerbated by two decades of conflict. Socio-normative barriers further complicate access to safe abortion and post-abortion care (PAC) in DRC, where fear of abortion-related stigma may lead women to avoid PAC services. Programme partners support the Ministry of Health to provide good quality contraceptive and PAC services in North and South Kivu, DRC. This paper presents results from focus group discussions that explored community members’ attitudes towards women who induce abortion and their care-seeking behaviour in programme areas. Results indicate that while abortion stigma was widespread, community members’ attitudes towards women who induced abortions were not one-dimensional. Although they initially expressed negative opinions regarding women who induced abortion, beliefs became more nuanced as discussion shifted to the specific situations that could motivate a woman to do so. For example, many considered it understandable that a woman would induce abortion after rape: perhaps unsurprising, given the prevalence of conflict-related sexual violence in this area. While community members believed that fear of stigma or associated negative social consequences dissuaded women from seeking PAC, a majority believed that all women should have access to life-saving PAC. This commitment to ensuring that women who induced abortion have access to PAC, in addition to the professed acceptability of induced abortion in certain situations, indicates that there could be an opening to destigmatise abortion access in this context.
On the infimum attained by a reflected Lévy process
Creators: name: Debicki, Krzysztof
name: Kosinski, Kamil Marcin
name: Mandjes, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper considers a Lévy-driven queue (i.e., a Lévy process reflected at 0), and focuses on the distribution of $M(t)$, that is, the minimal value attained in an interval of length $t$ (where it is assumed that the queue is in stationarity at the beginning of the interval). The first contribution is an explicit characterization of this distribution, in terms of Laplace transforms, for spectrally one-sided Lévy processes (i.e., either only positive jumps or only negative jumps). The second contribution concerns the asymptotics of $\prob{M(T_u)> u}$ (for different classes of functions $T_u$ and $u$ large); here we have to distinguish between heavy-tailed and light-tailed scenarios.
Connecting Flood-Related Fluvial Erosion With Risks To Downstream Road Crossing
Creators: name: Fitzpatrick, Faith
name: Magyera, Kyle
name: Laumann, Jason
name: Larson, Clement
name: Prokopec, Julia
name: Dontoin, Eric
name: Hollenhorst, Thomas
name: Krumwiede, Brandon
Publisher: name: The United States Environmental Protection Agency’s Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 321407
subject: Toxicology (incl. clinical toxicology)

description: Paper for Non-EPA Proceedings (Sedimentation and Hydrologic Modeling Conference 2023)Science Inventory, CCTE products: https://cfpub.epa.gov/si/si_public_search_results.cfm?advSearch=true&showCriteria=2&keyword=CCTE&TIMSType=&TIMSSubTypeID=&epaNumber=&ombCat=Any&dateBeginPublishedPresented=07/01/2017&dateEndPublishedPresented=&dateBeginUpdated=&dateEndUpdated=&DEID=&personName=&personID=&role=Any&journalName=&journalID=&publisherName=&publisherID=&sortBy=pubDate&count=25
Tracing the Gas to the Virial Radius (R100) in a Fossil Group
Creators: name: Humphrey, Philip J.
name: Buote, David A.
name: Brighenti, Fabrizio
name: Flohic, Helene M. L. G.
name: Gastaldello, Fabio
name: Mathews, William G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a Chandra, Suzaku and Rosat study of the hot Intra Group Medium (IGrM) of the relaxed fossil group/ poor cluster RXJ1159+5531. This group exhibits an advantageous combination of flat surface brightness profile, high luminosity and optimal distance, allowing the gas to be detected out to the virial radius (Rvir=R108=1100 kpc) in a single Suzaku pointing, while the complementary Chandra data reveal a round morphology and relaxed IGrM image down to kpc scales. We measure the IGrM entropy profile over 3 orders of magnitude in radius, including 3 data bins beyond 0.5R200 with azimuthal coverage (>30%). We find no evidence that the profile flattens at large scales (>R500), and when corrected for the enclosed gas fraction, the entropy profile is very close to the predictions from self-similar structure formation simulations, as seen in massive clusters. Within Rvir, we measure a baryon fraction of 0.17+/-0.02, consistent with the Cosmological value. These results are in sharp contrast to the gas behaviour at large scales recently reported in the Virgo and Perseus clusters, and indicate that substantial gas clumping cannot be ubiquitous near Rvir, at least in highly evolved (fossil) groups.
description: 22 pages, 17 figures. Minor modifications; results and conclusions unaffected. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Design and optimization of small peptides that regulate the balance of synaptic excitation and inhibition
Creators: name: Chen, Xi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: The balance of synaptic excitation and inhibition plays a very important role in maintaining the function of central nervous system (CNS) and the imbalance is involved in neurologic diseases such as autism and epilepsy. PSD95 and gephyrin have been studied as scaffolding proteins, having critical functional and structural roles in excitatory and inhibitory synapses, respectively. In the thesis, I have attempted to develop small systemically applicable peptides that can reversibly knock down PSD95 or gephyrin in vitro and in vivo, using the novel peptide-mediated technology recently developed in our lab, as tools for modulating the balance of synaptic excitation and inhibition. The efficacy of the peptides knocking down respective targeted proteins was tested by immunoblots after the cultured neurons were treated with the peptides for the desired time at various concentrations. I found that peptides that target either PSD95 or gephyrin showed toxicity to the neurons in a dose and time dependent manner utilizing the LDH assay. The toxicity may also contribute to the reduction of protein levels. Using one of the peptides, TAT-NR2B9C-CMA that targets PSD95 as example, I systemically investigated the causes of the toxicity and tested several strategies to reduce the toxicity while keeping the efficacy of the protein knockdown. I found that while multiple treatments at low dose could not successfully separate the cell death and knockdown effect, treatment at high doses with shortened durations appeared partially effective in reducing the toxicity and maintaining knockdown efficacy. However, this protocol may not be applicable in vivo. I next modified the intrinsic properties of peptides by shortening CMA targeting motifs and/or adding a linker between the binding sequences and CMA targeting motif. I found that while both strategies could decrease the toxicity with varied degree, peptides with short CMA targeting motif kept the knockdown efficacy. Taken together, my study demonstrated the effective strategies to reduce the toxicity of the peptides one can consider in the process of developing novel protein knockdown peptides as novel research tools and therapeutic reagents.
Additional file 8 of Genome-wide identification and characterization of the chemosensory relative protein genes in Rhus gall aphid Schlechtendalia chinensis
Creators: name: He, Hongli
name: Crabbe, M. James C.
name: Ren, Zhumei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 8: Table S4. Nucleotide substitution rate of chemoreception gene in Schlechtendalia chinensis.
title: Baß, Heinrich
title: Catalogus Professorum Halensis
titleType: Subtitle
title: Biografienportal Sachsen-Anhalt
titleType: Other
Creators: name: Catalogus Professorum Halensis
name: Schopferer, Julia
Publisher: name: Historisches Datenzentrum Sachsen-Anhalt,Institut für Landesgeschichte (Sachsen-Anhalt)
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: History
classificationCode: 4023025-9
subject: Halle (Saale)
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/4023025-9
classificationCode: 4006804-3
subject: Biografie
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/4006804-3
classificationCode: 4166546-6
subject: Landesgeschichte
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/4166546-6
classificationCode: 4051181-9
subject: Sachsen-Anhalt
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/4051181-9
classificationCode: 1048495779
subject: Universität Halle (Saale) | Halle (Saale)
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/1048495779
classificationCode: 2024276-1
subject: Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg | Halle (Saale); Wittenberg
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/2024276-1
classificationCode: 4020517-4
subject: Geschichte
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/4020517-4
classificationCode: 7504326-9
subject: Universitätsgeschichte
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/7504326-9
classificationCode: 7504427-4
subject: Wissenschaftsgeschichte
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/7504427-4
subject: Biografienportal Sachsen-Anhalt
subject: Catalogus Professorum Halensis
classificationCode: 1080911200
subject: Schopferer, Julia | Historikerin
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/1080911200
classificationCode: 137377460
subject: Baß, Heinrich | 1690–1754 | Arzt
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/137377460

description: Das Biografienportal Sachsen-Anhalt versammelt in Erst- und Zweitveröffentlichung oder zu Zwecken der Langzeitarchivierung Biografien von Menschen aus und in Sachsen-Anhalt. Integriert wurde der Catalogus Professorum Halensis, der durch Mitarbeitende des Instituts für Geschichte der Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg entstand. Dabei handelt es sich um ein bio-bibliografisches Online-Lexikon zu den Professoren der Universität Halle zwischen 1694 und 1968. Die Texte wurden vor allem von Henrik Eberle und anderen Mitarbeitenden zwischen 2005 und 2010 recherchiert und erstellt. Etliche Artikel zum Zeitraum 1694 bis 1817 verfasste Julia Schopferer. Bei der Überführung in das Biografienportal wurden die Lebensangaben neu recherchiert und Metadaten über Verfahren des Named Entity Recogniton erschlossen. Automatisiert erkannt wurden Personennamen, Ortsbezeichnungen und Körperschaften, die in der hier vorhandenen RTF-Datei indexiert vorliegt. Zudem wurden diese mit GND-Einträgen abgeglichen. Weiterhin erfolgte ein Abgleich mit der „Ontologie der historischen, deutschsprachigen Amts- und Berufsbezeichnungen“. Die Texte liegen im Jahr 2024 in zweifacher Ausgabe im Catalogus Professorum Halensis des Universitätsarchivs und des Biografienportals des Historischen Datenzentrums Sachsen-Anhalts vor. Sie werden hier für die Langzeitarchivierung der ursprünglichen Fassung archiviert.
description: https://www.catalogus-professorum-halensis.de/
description: Biografienportal Sachsen-Anhalt: https://www.histdata.uni-halle.de/
title: Analysis of the Interaction between Pentraxins and Leishmania Phosphoglycans
Creators: name: Seow, ES
Publisher: name: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Year: 2021

description: CRP, a major acute phase protein, has also been shown to bind to Leishmania lipophosphoglycan (LPG) phosphorylated disaccharide repeats in a calcium-dependent manner. Similar structures have been observed in the promastigote secretory gel (PSG) components filamentous proteophosphoglycan (fPPG) and secreted acid phosphatase (ScAP). We investigate the ability of CRP, as well as related innate immune proteins, to bind to these Leishmania phosphoglycans, to determine their potential mechanisms as virulence factors of mammalian infection. CRP binding of PSG was shown to be calcium-dependent and on the same binding cleft involved in PC-binding. PSG from a range of Leishmania species (L.aethiopica, L.panamensis, L.donovani, L.infantum, L.mexicana, L.tropica, L.amazonensis, and L.major), as well as LPG derived from different L.mexicana promastigote stages, had the ability to bind to CRP and SAP with widely varying binding capacities. ScAP was determined to be the major CRP binding component in PSG. CRP-PSG binding was shown to be a high avidity and multimeric interaction.L.mexicana LPG stage-specific variations in size and pentraxin binding characteristics, as well as calcium-dependent binding of CRP and SAP, was demonstrated. CRP, but not SAP, binding to LPG was directed at the phosphorylated disaccharide repeats. A novel, orientation-dependent interaction of SAP binding to L.mexicana LPG was observed. LPG appeared to undergo a conformational change at a threshold of CRP binding (~2.5 μg/ml), affecting subsequent CRP binding affinity. Stage-variable LPG-PSG interaction dependent on CRP and calcium was demonstrated, with interaction being significantly greater in LPG derived from infectious stage promastigotes. PSG-CRP and LPG-CRP complex, but not LPG-SAP, was shown to be capable of binding C1q. PSG-CRP complex-mediated complement generation was shown to be primarily via the classical pathway (CP), with minor alternative pathway (AP) contribution.
Possible Enhancement of High Frequency Gravitational Waves
Creators: name: Romania, Maria G.
name: Tsamis, N. C.
name: Woodard, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the tensor perturbations in a class of non-local, purely gravitational models which naturally end inflation in a distinctive phase of oscillations with slight and short violations of the weak energy condition. We find the usual generic form for the tensor power spectrum. The presence of the oscillatory phase leads to an enhancement of gravitational waves with frequencies somewhat less than 10^{10} Hz.
description: 27 pages, 11 figures, LaTeX.2e
Die Wahrscheinlichkeitsdichtefunktion der kinetischen Energie unter Annahme einer Normalverteilung
Creators: name: Schröer, Harald
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Wahrscheinlichkeitsdichte, Normalverteilung, Erwartungswert, Varianz,Standardabweichung, Gauss, Standard,Masse,Geschwindigkeit

description: Berechnet wird die Wahrscheinlichkeitsdichte von der kinetischen Energie unter der Annahme einer Normalverteilung mit Erwartungswert Null und beliebiger Varianz. Es ist ein Modell einer eindimensionalen Geschwindigkeitsverteilung, die mit Zwangsbedingungen z.B. mit konstanter kleiner Kraft realisiert werden kann.
Additional file 9 of Genome-wide identification and characterization of the chemosensory relative protein genes in Rhus gall aphid Schlechtendalia chinensis
Creators: name: He, Hongli
name: Crabbe, M. James C.
name: Ren, Zhumei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 9: Table S5. Number of reads generated from sequencing (clean data) and after quality filtering and adapter trimming (high quality data) for each sample.