cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Universal terms for the entanglement entropy in 2+1 dimensions
Creators: name: Casini, H.
name: Huerta, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the entanglement entropy and alpha entropies corresponding to spatial polygonal sets in $(2+1)$ dimensions contain a term which scales logarithmically with the cutoff. Its coefficient is a universal quantity consisting in a sum of contributions from the individual vertices. For a free scalar field this contribution is given by the trace anomaly in a three dimensional space with conical singularities located on the boundary of a plane angular sector. We find its analytic expression as a function of the angle. This is given in terms of the solution of a set of non linear ordinary differential equations. For general free fields, we also find the small-angle limit of the logarithmic coefficient, which is related to the two dimensional entropic c-functions. The calculation involves a reduction to a two dimensional problem, and as a byproduct, we obtain the trace of the Green function for a massive scalar field in a sphere where boundary conditions are specified on a segment of a great circle. This also gives the exact expression for the entropies for a scalar field in a two dimensional de Sitter space.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures, extended version with full calculations, added references
VAFB-2003-17: Cultural Resources Condition on Vandenberg Air Force base Fiscal Year 2003: Sensitive and Threatened Sites with Cultural Resource Condition Reports
Creators: name: Lebow, Clayton G.
name: Coleman, Dina
Year: 2003

description: During fiscal year 1996 (FY96), the 30th Civil Engineering Squadron, Environmental Management Flight (30 CES/CEV) on Vandenberg Air Force Base (AFB) established a program to periodically examine the condition of known cultural resources under its jurisdiction. The base was divided into 10 zones of approximately equal size (Figure 1-1 ), with the intent of inspecting all cultural resources in each zone on an annual, rotating basis over the course of 5 years. In addition, 25 sites were identified as sensitive and threatened, requiring semiannual examinations.
An Exploration of the Impact of Residential Infill on Neighborhood Property Values
Creators: name: Wiley, Keith Allen
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2009
Subjects: Externalities
Hedonic Models
Infill Development
Property Values
Smart Growth

description: Smart growth policies, in order to curtail low-density sprawl, seek to increase development in existing communities.  These policies promote infill development, projects built on underutilized parcels in and surrounded by developed areas.  While smart growth advocates view reduced sprawl as a benefit, local residents often fear infill will increase traffic congestion, eliminate open space, and result in other costs.  Unfortunately, we know little about infill development overall and its impacts specifically.  This dissertation addresses this gap by exploring residential infill development in Montgomery County, MD during the l990s and early 2000s.  This highly developed suburban jurisdiction experienced growing pains due to increased development during this time.  The county also saw smart growth policies enacted, making it an excellent case study. The research first describes county residential infill trends from 1990 to 2006 and identifies infill sites.  This section defines and offers a measure for infill development and identifies trends and patterns, focusing on changes in infill levels or characteristics.  Next, the research uses hedonic pricing models to explore changes in nearby home values pre- and post-infill.  A difference-in-difference design provides a comparison group analysis.  Twenty-six infill sites were selected because they were built in relatively undisturbed residential neighborhoods, making such analysis possible. This research found infill to be a common occurrence throughout the study period, regularly comprising 70% of all residential units built.  The study did not find changes in infill development coinciding with a particular smart growth policy.  Instead, infill mimicked overall development trends.  Infill did have considerably smaller lot and structure sizes than non-infill.  The hedonic pricing models found negative impacts on home values associated with some infill projects, with price declines ranging from 2 to 5%.  The impact varied by development type, with large projects causing the greatest price declines.  Additionally, wealthier neighborhoods experienced a negative infill home price effect, while poorer areas experienced a positive effect--although not significant.  Overall, positive outcomes were not the rule, and infill appears to generate costs.  Planners and policymakers need to take this in to consideration when promoting infill.
On a Classification of Irreducible Almost-Commutative Geometries IV
Creators: name: Jureit, Jan-Hendrik
name: Stephan, Christoph A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we will classify the finite spectral triples with KO-dimension six, following the classification found in [1,2,3,4], with up to four summands in the matrix algebra. Again, heavy use is made of Kra jewski diagrams [5]. Furthermore we will show that any real finite spectral triple in KO-dimension 6 is automatically S 0 -real. This work has been inspired by the recent paper by Alain Connes [6] and John Barrett [7]. In the classification we find that the standard model of particle physics in its minimal version fits the axioms of noncommutative geometry in the case of KO-dimension six. By minimal version it is meant that at least one neutrino has to be massless and mass-terms mixing particles and antiparticles are prohibited
description: Revised version for publication in the Journal of Mathematical Physics
Relaxation, dephasing, and quantum control of electron spins in double quantum dots
Creators: name: Taylor, J. M.
name: Petta, J. R.
name: Johnson, A. C.
name: Yacoby, A.
name: Marcus, C. M.
name: Lukin, M. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments have demonstrated quantum manipulation of two-electron spin states in double quantum dots using electrically controlled exchange interactions. Here, we present a detailed theory for electron spin dynamics in two-electron double dot systems that was used to guide these experiments and analyze experimental results. The theory treats both charge and spin degrees of freedom on an equal basis. Specifically, we analyze the relaxation and dephasing mechanisms that are relevant to experiments and discuss practical approaches for quantum control of two-electron system. We show that both charge and spin dephasing play important roles in the dynamics of the two-spin system, but neither represents a fundamental limit for electrical control of spin degrees of freedom in semiconductor quantum bits.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures (reduced in length from V1, removed extraneous content, added references)
VAFB-2005-04: Archaeological Investigations in Support of the Military Family Housing Expansion Project, Vandenberg Air Force Base, CA
Creators: name: Lebow, Clayton G.
name: Haslouer, Leeann G.
name: Stevens, Nathan
name: Nettles, Wendy M.
name: Fancher, Jason M.
Year: 2005

description: This document is a report that presents the results of archaoelogical investigations for the Military Family Housing Expansion Project. The study included (1) survey, (2) absence/ presence testing, and (3) National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) eligibility testing. The three phases of investigation were designed to identify archaeological resources in the vicinity, determine the extent of identified archaeological resources, and evaluate selected resources for significance according to criteria for inclusion on the NRHP. Additionally, assessments of potential adverse effects were made for resources considered NRHP eligible.
Chiral condensates in a polariton hexagonal ring
Creators: name: Ma, Xuekai
name: Kartashov, Yaroslav V.
name: Kavokin, Alexey
name: Schumacher, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We model generation of vortex modes in exciton-polariton condensates in semiconductor micropillars, arranged into a hexagonal ring molecule, in the presence of TE-TM splitting. This splitting lifts the degeneracy of azimuthally modulated vortex modes with opposite topological charges supported by this structure, so that a number of non-degenerate vortex states characterized by different combinations of topological charges in two polarization components appears. We present a full bifurcation picture for such vortex modes and show that because they have different energies, they can be selectively excited by coherent pump beams with specific frequencies and spatial configurations. At high pumping intensity, polariton-polariton interactions give rise to the coupling of different vortex resonances and a bistable regime is achieved.
Superdisks in Radio Galaxies: Jet-Wind Interactions
Creators: name: Gopal-Krishna
name: Wiita, Paul J.
name: Joshi, Santosh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Taking a clue from their sharp-edged (strip-like) morphology observed in several cases, a new mechanism is proposed for the formation of the emission gaps seen between the radio lobes of many powerful extragalactic double radio sources. Canonical understanding of the radio gaps invokes either blocking of the back-flowing lobe plasma by the denser interstellar medium (ISM) of the host galaxy, or "squeezing" of the radio bridge in the middle through buoyancy force exerted by either the ISM or the surrounding intra-cluster medium (ICM). These pictures encounter difficulties in explaining situations where the sharp-edged radio gaps associated with non-cluster radio galaxies have widths running into several tens (even hundreds) of kiloparsecs. More particularly, the required dense high-pressure ISM/ICM is likely to be lacking at least in the case of high-redshift radio galaxies. We propose here that radio emission gaps in at least such cases could arise from a dynamical interaction between the powerful thermal wind outflowing from the active galactic nucleus and the back-flowing synchrotron plasma in the two radio lobes, which occurs once the rapidly advancing jets have crossed out of the wind zone into the intergalactic medium. A simple analytical scheme is presented to explore the plausibility of the side-ways confinement of the thermal wind by the radio lobe pair, which would "freeze" pancake shaped conduits in the space, along which the hot, metal enriched wind from the AGN can escape (roughly orthogonal to the radio axis). Some other possible consequences of this scenario are pointed out.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures [one .jpg], official version published in MNRAS
Determining Predictors of Nursing Home Admission and Sub-Populations of Skilled Nursing Facility Residents Using the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS)
Creators: name: Perron, Rebecca Lyn
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2008
Subjects: Gerontology (0351)
Sociology, Public and Social Welfare (0630)
nursing homes
Medicare
Medicaid
Skilled Nursing Facility
aging

description: ABSTRACT Title of Dissertation: Determining Predictors of Nursing Home Admission and Sub-Populations of Skilled Nursing Facility Residents Using the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS) Name of Candidate: Rebecca L Perron, MPH Doctor of Philosophy, 2008 Dissertation Directed by: Denise Orwig, PhD Assistant Professor University of Maryland School of Medicine Department of Epidemiology & Preventive Medicine BACKGROUND: Nursing home care in the US accounts for a large percentage of Medicare and Medicaid budgets. The Balanced Budget Act of 1997 (BBA'97) mandated a prospective payment system (PPS) for skilled nursing facility stays, potentially leading to changes in the nursing home population. Not only are nursing home stays expensive, but outcomes are consistently poor. OBJECTIVES: (1) Determine predictors for a new nursing home admission post BBA '97; (2) Compare the predictors between skilled nursing facility (SNF) and long-stay residents; and (3) Determine if sub-populations of SNF residents exist. METHODS: This study utilized data from the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS) from 1999 to 2003, by developing three completed cohorts of data. Respondents had to be community-dwelling at their first interview, Medicare- eligible by age, and not in a Medicare Advantage plan, thus the final sample consisted of 8,589 beneficiaries. All analyses explored the relationship between demographic, health status, health care utilization, and environmental variables with overall admissions, admission type, and SNF sub-groups. Bivariate relationships were explored using t-tests, chi-square tests and ANOVAs. All bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed using logistic regression; dichotomous for Aims 1 and 2 and multinomial for Aim 3. RESULTS: 12.6% of the initial sample had a nursing home admission. Across the three aims of the study, the only significant socioeconomic variable was ethnicity. Mobility impairments were consistently significant. Dementia was also a consistent predictor of nursing home admission and differed between SNF groups. Health care utilization was significant, particularly drug utilization, which decreased risk for overall admission and was more predictive of SNF admissions. Home modifications increased risk of nursing home entry but did not affect type of admission. CONCLUSIONS: Results showed that BBA '97 did not vastly change the predictors of nursing home admission but may have affected the SNF sub populations, with two distinct sub-groups identified. More research is needed on the impact of home modifications, as well as research exploring the effect of Medicare Part D drug benefit on nursing home admission.
O'ZBEK  TILIDAGI BIR SOSTAVLI GAPLAR NEMIS TILIDA IFODALANISHI
Creators: name: Muhammadjonov, Shohruhbek
name: Rahimov, Nuriddin
name: Тиляходжаева, Ф. М.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Mazkur maqolada nemis va o’zbek tillardagi bir sostavli gaplarning  qo’llanishining qiyosiy taxlili qilindi. Misollar orqali ba’zi turlari nemis tilida ham bir sostavli gaplar va ba’zilari esa ikki sostavli gaplar orqali ifodalanishi ko’rsatilgan. Ikkila tilda so’zlashuv uslubida sodda, ixcham gaplar ko’p qo’llanilishi ta’kidlanadi.
Model for estimating thiamine deficiency-related mortality of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) offspring and variation in the Baltic salmon M74 syndrome
Creators: name: Vuorinen, Pekka J.
name: Rokka, Mervi
name: Nikonen, Soili
name: Juntunen, Esa-Pekka
name: Ritvanen, Tiina
name: Heinimaa, Petri
name: Keinänen, Marja
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency of salmonines, caused by an abundant lipid-rich fish diet and consequently, the abundance of polyunsaturated fatty acids, is called the M74 syndrome in the Baltic Sea. Because of its deleterious effects on wild Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) stocks and progeny production in fish cultivation, a model was developed to derive the annual female-specific mortality percentages of yolk-sac fry (YSFM) from the free thiamine concentrations of unfertilized eggs. In years with a high M74 incidence, thiamine-deficient females were larger, with a larger condition factor (CF) than non-M74 females. Otherwise, M74 females were generally smaller. The mean CF of M74 females was in most years higher than that of non-M74 females. The model compiled enables the cost-effective estimation of YSFM of individual female salmon, without the incubation of eggs and hatched yolk-sac fry for several months, thus benefitting the management of salmon stocks and their efficient utilization.
VAFB-2008-05: Archaeological Investigations for the Ground-based Midcourse Defense Diverse Communications Fiber-Optic Installation on Vandenberg Air Force Base, Santa Barbara County, California
Creators: name: Lebow, Clayton G.
name: Peterson, Robert R.
Year: 2008

description: This document is a report that presents the results of archaeological investigations for the Missile Defense Agency’s installation of communication line segments on north Vandenberg Air Force Base. The segments are at six widely scattered locations and have a total distance of about 30,000 linear feet. Eight archaeological or historical sites (CA-SBA-592, -733, -1926, -2696, -2887, -3040, -3288H, and -3527H) are within 30 meters of the proposed lines. All of the project locations were examined and three of the sites (CA-SBA-733, -2887, and -3040) were revisited and resurveyed.
The specific star formation rate function at different mass scales and quenching: A comparison between cosmological models and SDSS
Creators: name: Katsianis, Antonios
name: Xu, Haojie
name: Yang, Xiaohu
name: Luo, Yu
name: Cui, Weiguang
name: Davé, Romeel
name: Lagos, Claudia Del P.
name: Zheng, Xianzhong
name: Zhao, Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the eddington bias corrected Specific Star Formation Rate Function (sSFRF) at different stellar mass scales from a sub-sample of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release DR7 (SDSS), which is considered complete both in terms of stellar mass (${\rm M_{\star}}$) and star formation rate (SFR). The above enable us to study qualitatively and quantitatively quenching, the distribution of passive/star-forming galaxies and perform comparisons with the predictions from state-of-the-art cosmological models, within the same ${\rm M_{\star}}$ and SFR limits. We find that at the low mass end (${\rm M_{\star}} = 10^{9.5} - 10^{10} \, {\rm M_{\odot}}$) the sSFRF is mostly dominated by star-forming objects. However, moving to the two more massive bins (${\rm M_{\star}} = 10^{10} - 10^{10.5} \, {\rm M_{\odot}}$ and ${\rm M_{\star}} = 10^{10.5} - 10^{11} \, {\rm M_{\odot}}$) a bi-modality with two peaks emerges. One peak represents the star-forming population, while the other describes a rising passive population. The bi-modal form of the sSFRFs is not reproduced by a range of cosmological simulations (e.g. Illustris, EAGLE, Mufasa, IllustrisTNG) which instead generate mostly the star-forming population, while a bi-modality emerges in others (e.g. L-Galaxies, Shark, Simba). Our findings reflect the need for the employed quenching schemes in state-of-the-art models to be reconsidered, involving prescriptions that allow "quenched galaxies" to retain a small level of SF activity (sSFR $=$ ${\rm 10^{-11} {\rm yr^{-1}}}$-${\rm 10^{-12} {\rm yr^{-1}}}$) and generate an adequate passive population/bi-modality even at intermediate masses (${\rm M_{\star}} = 10^{10} - 10^{10.5} \, {\rm M_{\odot}}$).
description: 13 pages, 4 Figures, Accepted to MNRAS
Quasiparticles and quantum phase transition in universal low-temperature properties of heavy-fermion metals
Creators: name: Shaginyan, V. R.
name: Msezane, A. Z.
name: Stephanovich, V. A.
name: Kirichenko, E. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate, that the main universal features of the low temperature experimental $H-T$ phase diagram of CeCoIn5 and other heavy-fermion metals can be well explained using Landau paradigm of quasiparticles. The main point of our theory is that above quasiparticles form so-called fermion-condensate state, achieved by a fermion condensation quantum phase transition (FCQPT). When a heavy fermion liquid undergoes FCQPT, the fluctuations accompanying above quantum critical point are strongly suppressed and cannot destroy the quasiparticles. The comparison of our theoretical results with experimental data on CeCoIn5 have shown that the electronic system of above substance provides a unique opportunity to study the relationship between quasiparticles properties and non-Fermi liquid behavior.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:cond-mat/0602602
AN ANALYSIS OF SCIENTIFIC SELF-EFFICACY AS A BENEFIT OF SUMMER RESEARCH PARTICIPATION FOR UNDERREPRESENTED MINORITIES IN SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND MATHEMATICS (STEM) FIELDS
Creators: name: Carter, Frances DeAnna
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2011
Subjects: scientific research proficiency
scientific self-efficacy
STEM fields
undergraduate research
underrepresented minorities

description: Low participation and performance in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields by U.S. citizens are widely recognized as major problems with substantial economic, political, and social ramifications.  Studies of collegiate interventions designed to broaden participation in STEM fields suggest that participation in undergraduate research is a key program component that enhances such student outcomes as undergraduate GPA, graduation, persistence in a STEM major, and graduate school enrollment.  However, little is known about the mechanisms that are responsible for these positive effects. The current study hypothesizes that undergraduate research participation increases scientific self-efficacy and scientific research proficiency.  This hypothesis was tested using data obtained from a survey of minority students from several STEM intervention programs that offer undergraduate research opportunities.  Students were surveyed both prior to and following the summer of 2010.  Factor analysis was used to examine the factor structure of participants' responses on scientific self-efficacy and scientific research proficiency scales.  Difference-in-difference analysis was then applied to the resulting factor score differences to estimate the relationship of summer research participation with scientific self-efficacy and scientific research proficiency. Factor analytic results replicate and further validate previous findings of a general scientific self-efficacy construct (Schultz, 2008). While the factor analytic results for the exploratory scientific research proficiency scale suggest that it was also a measureable construct, the factor structure was not generalizable over time.  Potential reasons for the lack of generalizability validity for the scientific research proficiency scale are explored and recommendations for emerging scales are provided. Recent restructuring attempts within federal science agencies threaten the future of STEM intervention programs.  Causal estimates of the effect of undergraduate research participation on specific and measurable benefits can play an important role in ensuring the sustainability of STEM intervention programs. Obtaining such estimates requires additional studies that, inter alia, incorporate adequate sample sizes, valid measurement scales, and the ability to account for unobserved variables. Political strategies, such as compromise, can also play an important role in ensuring the sustainability of STEM intervention programs.
VAFB-2012-21: Section 106 Consultation Package for the Santa Ynez Band of Chumash Indians, Demolition of Four ICBM Launch Facilities in Support of New START, Vandenberg Air Force Base, California
Creators: name: Ryan, Christopher
Year: 2012

description: This document is the Section 106 consultation package prepared for the Santa Ynez Band of Chumash Indians for the New START Treaty. It contains the same information as the Historic Property Inventory Report.
A methodology to quantify the environmental impacts of Vancouver City Savings Credit Union’s paper use
Creators: name: Tsui, Norman
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A methodology to quantify and examine the environmental impacts of VanCity's paper use was developed in this study. An audit of VanCity's accounting records for 1994 and 1995 were used to determine how much paper VanCity purchased and consumed during those periods. The methodology involved using traditional financial auditing techniques, process flow engineering, management accounting, and life cycle analysis to determine the environmental impacts of paper use. The use and knowledge of the four disciplines enables an investigator to develop a methodology to properly conduct and analyze an environmental study in a timely manner. The study was focused on Island Paper Mill's Resolve Copy and Resolve Premium Opaque, and Domtar's Sandpiper paper. In 1995, 8,100 units of copy paper or approximately 9,970 sheets per employee were consumed by VanCity. While in 1994, only 7,760 units of copy paper or 10,370 sheets per employee were consumed. The baseline mass of paper used by VanCity are 73,473 kg and 70,727 in 1995 and 1994 respectively. The equivalent number of Western Hemlock trees that were consumed as well as the trees saved by VanCity's choice of recycled papers in 1994 are 44.29 used and 8.47 saved. In 1995, it was 45.86 used and 8.97 saved. From 1994 to 1995, their was a 5.12% in overall paper use. However, when ratio analyses are applied, VanCity's paper usage was reduced by: 1) 0.20% with respect to VanCity's membership; 2) 5.72% with respect to VanCity's net income; and 3) 3.87% with respect to VanCity's full-time employees. Due to changes of environmental inputs and outputs at the E.B. Eddy Mills and overall changes in paper use at VanCity from 1994 to 1995, VanCity experienced the following quantitative pulp mill level environmental impacts with respect to it's paper use: 1) a 3.8% decrease in water use; 2) a 31.0% increase in chlorine use; 3) a 13.6% decrease in total solid wastes landfilled; 4) a 1.4% decrease in carbon dioxide air emissions; and 5) a 13% decrease in BOD.
Faculty of Humanities Coordinated Response to the Policy Review of the National Competitive Grants Program
Creators: name: Briggs, Robert
name: Ellis, Katie
name: Jones, Tod
name: Leaver, Tama
name: McKee, Melanie
name: Messham-Muir, Kit
name: Montgomery, Lucy
name: Thomson, Giles
name: Treagust, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Policy Review of the National Competitive Grants Program Discussion Paper: A New Plan for ARC Funded Research
subject: Research
subject: Australia Research Council
subject: Humanities
subject: FOS: Humanities
subject: HASS

description: This document presents the responses of researchers from Curtin University's Faculty of Humanities to the ARC consultation on proposed reforms to nationally competitive research funding schemes in Australia. Drawing on extensive expertise from researchers with significant experience in ARC processes, the submission is a response to the Discussion Paper "A New Plan for ARC-Funded Research" which was released for comment in 2025. The response was authored by a working group of seven Humanities Faculty academics at various career stages, with experience of ARC funding schemes and processes. This document considers the potential impacts of changes proposed by the ARC, particularly for humanities scholars located in Western Australia. The document systematically addresses six fundamental questions about the model's viability, identifies unintended consequences, and proposes constructive modifications to better serve Australia's research community in the decades ahead.
title: Early tracking and different types of inequalities in achievement
title: difference-in-differences evidence from 20 years of large-scale assessments
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Strello, Andrés
name: Strietholt, Rolf
name: Steinmann, Isa
name: Siepmann, Charlotte
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ability tracking
subject: Difference-in-differences
subject: Educational inequality
subject: Large-scale assessment
subject: Performance
subject: Stratification
subject: 370
subject: Schulleistung
subject: Schulerfolg
subject: Ungleichheit

description: Research to date on the effects of between-school tracking on inequalities in achievement and on performance has been inconclusive. A possible explanation is that different studies used different data, focused on different domains, and employed different measures of inequality. To address this issue, we used all accumulated data collected in the three largest international assessments—PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment), PIRLS (Progress in International Reading Literacy Study), and TIMSS (Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study)—in the past 20 years in 75 countries and regions. Following the seminal paper by Hanushek and Wößmann (2006), we combined data from a total of 21 cycles of primary and secondary school assessments to estimate difference-in-differences models for different outcome measures. We synthesized the effects using a meta-analytical approach and found strong evidence that tracking increased social achievement gaps, that it had smaller but still significant effects on dispersion inequalities, and that it had rather weak effects on educational inadequacies. In contrast, we did not find evidence that tracking increased performance levels. Besides these substantive findings, our study illustrated that the effect estimates varied considerably across the datasets used because the low number of countries as the units of analysis was a natural limitation. This finding casts doubt on the reproducibility of findings based on single international datasets and suggests that researchers should use different data sources to replicate analyses.
description: Educational assessment, evaluation and accountability;33(1)
Fermionic atoms trapped in one-dimensional optical superlattice with harmonic confinement
Creators: name: Yamashita, Takanori
name: Kawakami, Norio
name: Yamashita, Makoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the ground-state properties of spin-1/2 fermionic atoms confined in a one-dimensional optical superlattice with harmonic confinement by using the density matrix renormalization group method. For this purpose, we consider an ionic Hubbard model that has superlattice potentials with 2-site periodicity. We find that several different types of insulating regimes coexist even if the number of atoms at each site is not an integer, but its average within the unit cell is an integer or half integer. This is contrasted to the coexisting phase of the metallic and Mott-insulating regimes known for the ordinary Hubbard model in an optical lattice. The phase characteristics are elucidated by investigating the profiles of the atom density, the local density/spin fluctuations, the double occupation probability and the spin correlations in detail.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures, revised version, figures rearranged
Yang-Baxter R-operators for osp superalgebras
Creators: name: Isaev, A. P.
name: Karakhanyan, D.
name: Kirschner, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study Yang-Baxter equations with orthosymplectic supersymmetry. We extend a new approach of the construction of the spinor and metaplectic $\hat{\cal R}$-operators with orthogonal and symplectic symmetries to the supersymmetric case of orthosymplectic symmetry. In this approach the orthosymplectic $\hat{\cal R}$-operator is given by the ratio of two operator valued Euler Gamma-functions. We illustrate this approach by calculating such $\hat{\cal R}$ operators in explicit form for special cases of the $osp(n|2m)$ algebra, in particular for a few low-rank cases. We also propose a novel, simpler and more elegant, derivation of the Shankar-Witten type formula for the $osp$ invariant $\hat{\cal R}$-operator and demonstrate the equivalence of the previous approach to the new one in the general case of the $\hat{\cal R}$-operator invariant under the action of the $osp(n|2m)$ algebra.
description: 30 pages
Kommuniqué der fünfzehnten Begegnung im Bilateralen Theologischen Dialog zwischen der Evangelischen Kirche in Deutschland und der Rumänischen Orthodoxen Kirche (Goslar XV)
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 69 Nr. 1 (2020): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 69, Heft 1
Post-translational Regulation of the Prostate Tumor Suppressor NKX3.1
Creators: name: Guan, Bin
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biology, Molecular (0307)
Health Sciences, Oncology (0992)
prostate
cancer
NKX3.1

description: Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths and the most frequently diagnosed malignancy in American men. NKX3.1 is a homeodomain-containing transcription factor that acts as a haploinsufficient tumor suppressor in prostate cancer. Diminished protein expression of NKX3.1 has been observed in human prostate cancer precursors and carcinomas, and loss of NKX3.1 expression correlates with prostate cancer progression. However, quantitative analyses of NKX3.1 mRNA and protein in prostate carcinoma lesions revealed poor concordance between mRNA and protein, suggesting that expression of NKX3.1 is regulated at post-transcriptional or post-translational levels. The goal of the work described here was to study post-translational regulation of NKX3.1, with a view toward developing new point of therapeutic intervention in prostate cancer by restoring the tumor suppressor activity of NKX3.1. In-gel kinase assays and in silico analyses of NKX3.1 suggested that NKX3.1 is a substrate of Protein Kinase CK2. Inhibition of CK2 activity in LNCaP prostate cancer cells led to a decrease in NKX3.1 accumulation that was rescued by proteasome inhibition. We demonstrated that the stability of NKX3.1 protein is regulated by CK2 in LNCaP cells, and CK2 phosphorylation prevents ubiquitin-mediated NKX3.1 degradation by the 26S proteasome. Ubiquitin plays a key role in regulation of protein turnover, and the E3 ubiquitin ligases are major effectors that determine ubiquitination specificity. To further investigate the mechanisms whereby NKX3.1 is regulated by the proteasome, we attempted to identify the E3 ubiquitin ligases responsible for targeting NKX3.1 for degradation. Using a ""guilt by association"" strategy, we found that the E3 ubiquitin ligase TOPORS can interact with NKX3.1, and overexpression of TOPORS led to NKX3.1 proteasomal degradation in prostate cancer cells. Conversely, siRNA-mediated knock-down of TOPORS led to an increased steady-state level and prolonged half-life of NKX3.1. These data establish TOPORS as a negative regulator of NKX3.1. Furthermore, we discovered that the tumor suppressors NKX3.1 and p53 can be ubiquitinated by PRAJA1, an X-linked E3 ubiquitin ligase. In LNCaP cells, overexpression of PRAJA1 induced NKX3.1 degradation, but stabilized p53. These data suggest that PRAJA1 may be important in prostate homeostasis and its dysregulation may be involved in prostate tumorigenesis.
Flexible, Decentralized Access Control for Smart Buildings with Smart Contracts
Creators: name: Bindra, Leepakshi
name: Eng, Kalvin
name: Ardakanian, Omid
name: Stroulia, Eleni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Large commercial buildings are complex cyber-physical systems containing expensive and critical equipment that ensure the safety and comfort of their numerous occupants. Yet occupant and visitor access to spaces and equipment within these buildings are still managed through unsystematic, inefficient, and human-intensive processes. As a standard practice, long-term building occupants are given access privileges to rooms and equipment based on their organizational roles, while visitors have to be escorted by their hosts. This approach is conservative and inflexible. In this paper, we describe a methodology that can flexibly and securely manage building access privileges for long-term occupants and short-term visitors alike, taking into account the risk associated with accessing each space within the building. Our methodology relies on blockchain smart contracts to describe, grant, audit, and revoke fine-grained permissions for building occupants and visitors, in a decentralized fashion. The smart contracts are specified through a process that leverages the information compiled from Brick and BOT models of the building. We illustrate the proposed method through a typical application scenario in the context of a real office building and argue that it can greatly reduce the administration overhead, while, at the same time, providing fine-grained, auditable access control.
description: 26 pages
Network App Certification and Release to Marketplace (Final)
Creators: name: Artuñedo Guillén, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: network app
certification
marketplace
Jenkins
CI/CD

description: This deliverable provides a comprehensive overview of the EVOLVED-5G Certification Environment and Certification Process, focusing on the implementation details and the release mechanism for Network Applications to the marketplace. The document outlines the steps involved in the Certification Process, including the use of certification tools.

Section 2 provides an update on the certification tools originally presented in Deliverable 5.3 [1]. Additionally, it provides enhancements to the description of the Certification Environment, where the Certification Process occurs. This includes updates on the implementation of the Certification Pipeline, designed to automate the certification tests. Finally, the section discusses the Certification report generated at the conclusion of the process.

Section 3 emphasizes the EVOLVED-5G Marketplace as the central platform for interaction between Network App creators and consumers. The "Network App Onboarding" process is exposed, describing the steps for releasing a Network App to the marketplace.

The deliverable concludes in Section 4, marking the final output from Work Package 5 (WP5) in the EVOLVED-5G project. The document encapsulates the latest informationon the Certification Process, the production of Certification Reports, and the release of Network Apps to the marketplace, thereby offering a comprehensive understanding of the project's key components and processes.
The Unruh effect in slow motion
Creators: name: Vriend, Silas
name: Grimmer, Daniel
name: Martín-Martínez, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show under what conditions an accelerated detector (e.g., an atom/ion/molecule) thermalizes while interacting with the vacuum state of a quantum field in a setup where the detector's acceleration alternates sign across multiple optical cavities. We show (non-perturbatively) in what regimes the probe `forgets' that it is traversing cavities and thermalizes to a temperature proportional to its acceleration. Then we analyze in detail how this thermalization relates to the renowned Unruh effect. Finally, we use these results to propose an experimental testbed for the direct detection of the Unruh effect at relatively low probe speeds and accelerations, potentially orders of magnitude below previous proposals.
description: 5 pages (+ 8 pages of accessory appendices) 4 figures. RevTeX 4.1
Brane Inflation is Attractive
Creators: name: Underwood, Bret
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the phase space of initial conditions for brane inflation, and find that including the effects of the Dirac-Born-Infeld (DBI) kinetic term dramatically improves previous estimates on the amount of fine tuning of initial conditions necessary for inflation, even for models dominated by slow roll. Two effects turn out to be important for the phase space analysis: restrictions on the total available phase space due to UV effects in brane inflation, and the extension of the inflationary attractor to the DBI inflationary regime. We compare the amount of initial conditions fine tuning required for a brane inflation model and its standard field theory counterpart and find that brane inflation decreases the required tuning by several orders of magnitude.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures; v2. references added, typos corrected, discussion clarified; v3. some numbers changed, discussion on phase space fine tuning slightly modified
Comparison of some physical characteristics of salmonids under culture conditions using underwater video imaging techniques
Creators: name: Jones, Rachael Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Body dimensions and swimming speeds of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) were measured in order to try to explain some of the observed growth differences between the two species under similar husbandry conditions, and to find an accurate estimator of individual fish mass from body dimensions. Size distribution of individual Chinook salmon in sea cages was also examined. Data was collected using a pre-existing non-invasive underwater video imaging system (VICASS) based on the principles of stereoimagery. An existing database of physical measurements was also analyzed (consisting of 1539 Atlantic salmon ranging in size from 0.42 to 8.50 kg and 840 chinook salmon ranging in size from 0.009 to 4.91 kg). Average fish size varied significantly with position in six out of fourteen cages of chinook salmon. This result suggested the presence of a dominance hierarchy, in which the largest fish in the cage are found in the best apparent location in the cage. Swimming speeds for chinook salmon ranged from 0.37 to 1.06 m s⁻¹ or 0.72 to 2.04 body lengths s⁻¹ (bl s⁻¹). Atlantic salmon swam between 0.25 to 0.98 m s⁻¹ or 0.40 to 1.82 bl s⁻¹. The swimming speeds (in bl s⁻¹) were compared for fish between 1.0 - 3.5 kg in size, and chinook salmon were found to be swimming approximately 20% faster than Atlantic salmon on average. After testing several different models, M=BL²H was found to be the best estimator of mass. B varied from 39.58 to 73.86 in Atlantic salmon and 45.93 to 76.52 in chinook salmon. This model decreased the variability in calculating mass by between 38 and 44% as compared to the conventional fisheries model M=KL³. Chinook salmon were significantly taller and thicker than Atlantic salmon of similar mass, while Atlantic salmon were significantly longer than Chinook salmon of similar mass. The ratios of fork length to height and fork length to girth were also found to be significantly different for the two species. The drag forces acting on Chinook salmon were found to be approximately 40% higher than those for Atlantic salmon as a result of the above morphological and swimming speed differences, and the power needed to overcome these drag forces was found to be 53% higher. Due to this increased demand on the metabolic component of the energy budget of chinook salmon, their growth was decreased by 5.2 to 10.3% (depending on fish size) as compared to Atlantic salmon. This difference in growth explains over 50% of the observed difference in the FCRs of the two species. Results suggest that farmers should: a) choose chinook salmon stock that swim slower and/or have a body form that is more similar to that of Atlantic salmon, thereby decreasing the energetic demands of swimming in chinook salmon, or b) develop a higher energy feed for chinook salmon.
Three-body local correlation function in the Lieb-Liniger model: bosonization approach
Creators: name: Cheianov, Vadim V.
name: Smith, H.
name: Zvonarev, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a method for the calculation of vacuum expectation values of local operators in the Lieb-Liniger model. This method is based on a set of new identities obtained using integrability and effective theory (``bosonization'') description. We use this method to get an explicit expression for the three-body local correlation function, measured in a recent experiment [1].
description: 40 pages, 2 figures
Addressing the Needs of Racially/Culturally Diverse Student Populations in Higher Education: An Analysis of Educational Practices for Disadvantaged Youth
Creators: name: Pender, Matea
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2010
Subjects: college retention
first-generation college students
higher education
immigrants
minority

description: The recent growth in the racial and cultural heterogeneity of college students in the United States has increased the demand for higher educational policies that will accommodate the needs of an increasingly diverse collective student body (Kao & Thompson, 2003). Traditionally, underrepresented minority students (i.e., African American, Hispanic and American Indian) persist in colleges at a lower rate compared to non-Hispanic, white and Asian students. There is evidence that minority students fail to persist because of limited or unsuccessful attempts by postsecondary institutions to help improve academic and social integration of these students in colleges (Seymour & Hewitt, 1997; Maton, Hrabowski & Schmitt, 2004; Summers & Hrabowski, 2006).  In addition, many students receive inadequate family and financial support because their parents lack college education. Finally, Hispanics who are currently the largest minority group in the U.S., are more likely to be immigrants. Hispanic immigrants are one of the most vulnerable racial/ethnic groups with the lowest levels of academic success (Passel, 2005). In my dissertation, I analyze three educational strategies adopted by higher education institutions with the goal of improving educational outcomes for the most vulnerable groups such as first-generation, minority and immigrant students. In the first essay, I explore the importance of financial aid for students whose parents have low levels of education. I find that the availability of federally funded need-based aid lowers attrition rates of first-generation college students. Second, I explore the significance of undergraduate research opportunities for minority students in science fields. My results indicate that summer research opportunities obtained at academic and government sites increase participation of underrepresented minority students in science Ph.D. programs. Finally, in my third essay, I address the impact of changes in tuition prices on the educational outcomes of college students who are not U.S. citizens at two universities in Texas and find some evidence that the reduction in tuition costs improves college affordability for these students.