cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Universal Grammar is a universal grammar
Creators: name: Casares, Ramón
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: Language is the most distinctive feature of humans, but there is no consensus on what is characteristic of language. From the point of view of computing, we argue that ‘the human brain circuitry that implements language is Turing complete’. This thesis makes evolutionary sense and natural languages are expressive enough, but two issues against it remain: natural language syntax is decidable and not every possible language can be a natural language. We answer the first by showing that the syntax of a complete language can be decidable, and by blaming functional semantics for the undecidability, where functional semantics is the semantics of syntax. To answer the second, we distinguish native language, first language, and later languages, where all natural languages are first languages acquired during a critical period that eases the process by preventing some possibilities. The thesis supports the weak version of the linguistic relativity hypothesis, and explains the rôle played by language in the cognitive gap that separates our species from the rest.
Herschel Galactic plane survey of [NII] fine structure emission
Creators: name: Goldsmith, Paul F.
name: Yıldız, Umut A.
name: Langer, William D.
name: Pineda, Jorge L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first large scale high angular resolution survey of ionized nitrogen in the Galactic Plane through emission of its two fine structure transitions ([NII]) at 122 $μ$m and 205 $μ$m. The observations were largely obtained with the PACS instrument onboard the Herschel Space Observatory. The lines-of-sight were in the Galactic plane, following those of the Herschel OTKP project GOT C+. Both lines are reliably detected at the 10$^{-8}$ - 10$^{-7}$ $W$m$^{-2}$sr$^{-1}$ level over the range -60$^{o}$ $\leq$ $l$ $\leq$ 60$^{o}$. The $rms$ of the intensity among the 25 PACS spaxels of a given pointing is typically less than one third of the mean intensity, showing that the emission is extended. [NII] is produced in gas in which hydrogen is ionized, and collisional excitation is by electrons. The ratio of the two fine structure transitions provides a direct measurement of the electron density, yielding $n(e)$ largely in the range 10 to 50 cm$^{-3}$ with an average value of 29 cm$^{-3}$ and N$^+$ column densities 10$^{16}$ to 10$^{17}$ cm$^{-2}$. [NII] emission is highly correlated with that of [CII], and we calculate that between 1/3 and 1/2 of the [CII] emission is associated with the ionized gas. The relatively high electron densities indicate that the source of the [NII] emission is not the Warm Ionized Medium (WIM), which has electron densities more than 100 times smaller. Possible origins of the observed [NII] include the ionized surfaces of dense atomic and molecular clouds, the extended low density envelopes of HII regions, and low-filling factor high-density fluctuations of the WIM.
description: 51 pages, 24 figures, accepted by The Astrophysical Journal
Irreducibility of Polynomials over Global Fields is Diophantine
Creators: name: Dittmann, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11U05 (Primary), 11R52 (Secondary)

description: Given a global field $K$ and a positive integer $n$, we present a diophantine criterion for a polynomial in one variable of degree $n$ over $K$ not to have any root in $K$. This strengthens the known result that the set of non-$n$-th-powers in $K$ is diophantine when $K$ is a number field. We also deduce a diophantine criterion for a polynomial over $K$ of given degree in a given number of variables to be irreducible. Our approach is based on a generalisation of the quaternion method used by Poonen and Koenigsmann for first-order definitions of $\mathbb{Z}$ in $\mathbb{Q}$.
Universal Grammar is a universal grammar
Creators: name: Casares, Ramón
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: Language is the most distinctive feature of humans, but there is no consensus on what is characteristic of language. From the point of view of computing, we argue that 'the human brain circuitry that implements language is Turing complete'. This thesis makes evolutionary sense, and natural languages are expressive enough, but two issues against it remain: natural language syntax is decidable, and not every possible language can be a natural language. We answer the first showing that the syntax of a complete language can be decidable, and blaming functional semantics for the undecidability, where functional semantics is the semantics of syntax. To answer the second we distinguish native language, first language, and later languages, where all natural languages are first languages acquired during a critical period that eases the process by preventing some possibilities. The thesis supports the weak version of the linguistic relativity hypothesis, and explains the role played by language in the cognitive gap that separates our species from the rest.
Categorizing the Unique: Analyzing artists' books for a framework of description
Creators: name: Stover, Michelle A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005
Subjects: Artists' books--Cataloging
Artists' books

description: Artists' books are works of art that utilize the form of the book. Since they are usually in a format reminiscent of the codex, they inevitably end up in a library. As works of art, librarians encounter various challenges when trying to obtain the works, house them, and create access to them for users. Utilizing grounded theory fourteen books are analyzed so that a framework for description emerges to enhance access for users. Ideally, this work will be built upon to increase collaboration between libraries with artists' books collections.
Fast spectral source integration in black hole perturbation calculations
Creators: name: Hopper, Seth
name: Forseth, Erik
name: Osburn, Thomas
name: Evans, Charles R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents a new technique for achieving spectral accuracy and fast computational performance in a class of black hole perturbation and gravitational self-force calculations involving extreme mass ratios and generic orbits. Called \emph{spectral source integration} (SSI), this method should see widespread future use in problems that entail (i) point-particle description of the small compact object, (ii) frequency domain decomposition, and (iii) use of the background eccentric geodesic motion. Frequency domain approaches are widely used in both perturbation theory flux-balance calculations and in local gravitational self-force calculations. Recent self-force calculations in Lorenz gauge, using the frequency domain and method of extended homogeneous solutions, have been able to accurately reach eccentricities as high as $e \simeq 0.7$. We show here SSI successfully applied to Lorenz gauge. In a double precision Lorenz gauge code, SSI enhances the accuracy of results and makes a factor of three improvement in the overall speed. The primary initial application of SSI--for us its \emph{raison d'être}--is in an arbitrary precision \emph{Mathematica} code that computes perturbations of eccentric orbits in the Regge-Wheeler gauge to extraordinarily high accuracy (e.g., 200 decimal places). These high accuracy eccentric orbit calculations would not be possible without the exponential convergence of SSI. We believe the method will extend to work for inspirals on Kerr, and will be the subject of a later publication. SSI borrows concepts from discrete-time signal processing and is used to calculate the mode normalization coefficients in perturbation theory via sums over modest numbers of points around an orbit. A variant of the idea is used to obtain spectral accuracy in solution of the geodesic orbital motion.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
The X-Ray Line Feature At 3.5 Kev In Galaxy Cluster Spectra
Creators: name: Phillips, K. J. H.
name: Sylwester, B.
name: Sylwester, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent work by Bulbul et al. and Boyarsky et al. has suggested that a line feature at approx. 3.5 keV in the X-ray spectra of galaxy clusters and individual galaxies seen with XMM-Newton is due to the decay of sterile neutrinos, a dark matter candidate. This identification has been criticized by Jeltema and Profumo on the grounds that model spectra suggest that atomic transitions in helium-like potassium (K XVIII) and chlorine (Cl XVI) are more likely to be the emitters. Here it is pointed out that the K XVIII lines have been observed in numerous solar flare spectra at high spectral resolution with the RESIK crystal spectrometer and also appear in Chandra HETG spectra of the coronally active star sigma Gem. In addition, the solar flare spectra at least indicate a mean coronal potassium abundance which is a factor of between 9 and 11 higher than the solar photospheric abundance. This fact, together with the low statistical quality of the XMM-Newton spectra, completely accounts for the approx. 3.5 keV feature and there is therefore no need to invoke a sterile neutrino interpretation of the observed line feature at 3.5 keV.
description: Accepted for publication, Astrophysical Journal. 3 figures
The Stellar Halo and Tidal Streams of Messier 63
Creators: name: Staudaher, Shawn M.
name: Dale, Daniel A.
name: van Zee, Liese
name: Barnes, Kate L.
name: Cook, David O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new near-infrared (NIR) observations of M63 from the Extended Disk Galaxy Exploration Science (EDGES) Survey. The extremely deep 3.6 $μ$m mosaic reaches 29 AB mag arcsec$^{-2}$ at the outer reaches of the azimuthally-averaged surface brightness profile. At this depth the consequences of galactic accretion are found within a nearby tidal stream and an up-bending break in the slope of the surface brightness profile. This break occurs at a semi-major axis length of $\sim$8', and is evidence of either an enhanced outer disc or an inner stellar halo. Simulations of galaxy evolution, along with our observations, support an inner halo as the explanation for the up-bending break. The mass of this halo component is the largest found in an individual galaxy thus far. Additionally, our observations detect a nearby tidal stream. The mass of the stream suggests that a handful of such accretion events are necessary to populate the inner stellar halo. We also find that the accretion rate of the galaxy from the stream alone underestimates the accretion rate required to build M63's inner stellar halo.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Ray and Wave Aberrations Revisited: A Huygens-Like Construction yields Exact Relations
Creators: name: Restrepo, John
name: Stoerck, Pawel J.
name: Ihrke, Ivo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical aberrations of a system can be described in terms of the wave aberrations, defined as the departure from the ideal spherical wavefront; or the ray aberrations, which are in turn the deviations from the paraxial ray intersection measured in the image plane. The classical connection between the two descriptions is an approximation, the error of which has, so far, not been quantified analytically. We derive exact analytical equations for computing the wavefront surface, the aberrated ray directions, and the transverse ray aberrations in terms of the wave aberrations (OPD) and the reference sphere. We introduce precise conditions for a function to be an OPD function, show that every such function has an associated wavefront, and study the error arising from the classical approximation. We establish strict conditions for the error to be small. We illustrate our results with numerical simulations. Our results show that large numerical apertures and high-frequency OPD functions yield larger approximation errors.
description: 12 pages, 10 Figures, JOSA A, vol. 33, no. 1
Do They Still Make Them Like They Used To?: A Content Analysis of Easy Readers from Selected Decades
Creators: name: Ward, Elizabeth P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009
Subjects: Picture books--Evaluation
Readers--Primary
Children's literature--History and criticism
Children--Books and reading--United States
Children's literature--Evaluation

description: This is an exploratory study to identify and understand changes in the easy reader genre  since its inception 52 years ago. Thirty-five easy reader books were analyzed for their  content: five from the 1960s, ten from the 1980s, and twenty from the 2000s. Eight  Geisel Award medal and honor books were among the books from the 2000s. The books  were evaluated for reading level characteristics, aspects of illustrations unique to easy  readers, quality of storytelling, topics reflected, and teaching aids included. The study  found that newer easy readers have a higher proportion of illustration to text and are  shorter than earlier easy readers, meaning they provide less reading material per book.  Several minor modifications to easy reader formulas were noted, most notably at the  lowest reading level where books to be read with an adult while learning to read have  been introduced. Some topics shown to interest young children, such as transportation,  were found to be used relatively rarely in easy readers.
Protecting coherence by environmental decoherence: A solvable paradigmatic model
Creators: name: Torres, Juan Mauricio
name: Seligman, Thomas H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a particularly simple exactly solvable model for a qubit coupled to sequentially nested environments. The purpose is to exemplify the coherence conserving effect of a central system, that has been reported as a result of increasing the coupling between near and far environment. The paradigmatic example is the Jaynes-Cummings Hamiltonian, which we introduce into a Kossakowski-Lindblad master equation using alternatively the lowering operator of the oscillator or its number operator as Lindblad operators. The harmonic oscillator is regarded as the near environment of the qubit, while effects of a far environment are accounted for by the two options for the dissipative part of the master equation. The exact solution allows us to cover the entire range of coupling strength from the perturbative regime to strong coupling analytically. The coherence conserving effect of the coupling to the far environment is confirmed throughout.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
Program Synthesis with Best-First Bottom-Up Search
Creators: name: Ameen, Saqib
name: Lelis, Levi H. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cost-guided bottom-up search (BUS) algorithms use a cost function to guide the search to solve program synthesis tasks. In this paper, we show that current state-of-the-art cost-guided BUS algorithms suffer from a common problem: they can lose useful information given by the model and fail to perform the search in a best-first order according to a cost function. We introduce a novel best-first bottom-up search algorithm, which we call Bee Search, that does not suffer information loss and is able to perform cost-guided bottom-up synthesis in a best-first manner. Importantly, Bee Search performs best-first search with respect to the generation of programs, i.e., it does not even create in memory programs that are more expensive than the solution program. It attains best-first ordering with respect to generation by performing a search in an abstract space of program costs. We also introduce a new cost function that better uses the information provided by an existing cost model. Empirical results on string manipulation and bit-vector tasks show that Bee Search can outperform existing cost-guided BUS approaches when employing more complex domain-specific languages (DSLs); Bee Search and previous approaches perform equally well with simpler DSLs. Furthermore, our new cost function with Bee Search outperforms previous cost functions on string manipulation tasks.
description: Published at the Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research (JAIR)
Gates Open Research HERO-G Infant Complementary Feeding Paper
Creators: name: Saikou Drammeh
name: Moore, Sophie
name: Doel, Andrew
name: Washabaugh, Jennifer
name: Ong, Ken
name: Prentice, Andrew
name: BERNSTEIN, ROBIN
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: International and Community Nutrition
subject: Nutrition
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Maternal milk is a vital component of infant diet. In rural Gambia, earlier introduction of complementary foods coincides with the annual period where maternal agricultural workload intensifies in this region. This paper describes patterns of infant feeding in the HERO-G study from birth to 12 months of age. Raw and extended (questionnaire) data are available.
An Analysis of Finding Aid Structure and Authority Control for Large Architectural Collections
Creators: name: Chesarino, Carolyn
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012
Subjects: Finding aids
Faceted classification
Architectural drawings

description: This study discusses best practices in describing architectural records in special collections repositories through encoded finding aids.  It argues that metadata elements within these finding aids could serve as more effective access points if end users were more easily able to develop their own ways of highlighting relationships which exist within and across collections. Based on the information gathered from semi-structured interviews, this paper reports how other archivists developed institutional standards with which to catalog and process their architectural collections.  Finally, this paper provides examples of what could be achieved in the realm of data visualization in an attempt to inspire repositories to make it easier for end users to extract the metadata that archivists and librarians spend so much time collecting.
COST-BASED MANAGEMENT AND DECISION MAKING IN GREEK LUXURY HOTELS
Creators: name: Zounta, Stella
name: Bekiaris, Michail
Publisher: name: tourismos
Year: 2009

description: The use of cost accounting systems by hotel businesses is improving the quality of decision making. The development of theories on costing, combined with advances in information technology, has improved the theoretical capabilities of such systems. However, two questions remain largely unanswered: a) whether these theories lead to tangible improvements; and b) what are the variables that drive the success of cost accounting systems. Our research shows that hotel managers need to be convinced about the use and performance benefits of such systems in the decision making process.
description: tourismos, Vol. 4 No. 3 (2009)
A Serverless Architecture for Efficient and Scalable Monte Carlo Markov Chain Computation
Creators: name: Castagna, Fabio
name: Trombetta, Alberto
name: Landoni, Marco
name: Andreon, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Computer power is a constantly increasing demand in scientific data analyses, in particular when Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods are involved, for example for estimating integral functions or Bayesian posterior probabilities. In this paper, we describe the benefits of a parallel computation of MCMC using a cloud-based, serverless architecture: first, the computation time can be spread over thousands of processes, hence greatly reducing the time the user should wait to have its computation completed. Second, the overhead time required for running in parallel several processes is minor and grows logarithmically with respect to the number of processes. Third, the serverless approach does not require time-consuming efforts for maintaining and updating the computing infrastructure when/if the number of walkers increases or for adapting the code to optimally use the infrastructure. The benefits are illustrated with the computation of the posterior probability distribution of a real astronomical analysis.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures. Appeared in ICCBDC '23: Proceedings of the 2023 7th International Conference on Cloud and Big Data Computing - August 2023
The ordered phase of $O(N)$ model within the Non-Perturbative Renormalization Group
Creators: name: Peláez, Marcela
name: Wschebor, Nicolás
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present article we analyze Non-Perturbative Renormalization Group flow equations in the order phase of $\mathbb{Z}_2$ and $O(N)$ invariant scalar models in the derivative expansion approximation scheme. We first address the behavior of the leading order approximation (LPA), discussing for which regulators the flow is smooth and gives a convex free energy and when it becomes singular. We improve the exact known solutions in the "internal" region of the potential and exploit this solution in order to implement a numerical algorithm that is much more stable that previous ones for $N>1$. After that, we study the flow equations at second order of the Derivative Expansion and analyze how and when LPA results change. We also discuss the evolution of field renormalization factors.
description: 17 pages, 23 figures
Facilitating scientifc collaboration across distance: a user needs analysis of a distributed scientific research group
Creators: name: Carlson, Amy E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001
Subjects: User involvement
CSCW-- Design
Collaboration-- Scientific

description: This paper describes a user needs analysis of a research and development center consisting of scientists at four geographically distributed universities. Observations and interviews with representative members of a research group within the center were conducted to determine the group's current collaboration practices and to assess how technology might facilitate collaboration among group members. Data analysis shows that members collaborate primarily through informal communication with co-located peers, and they rely on formal presentations at videoconference meetings to maintain an awareness of research at other locations. The technology currently in place has helped to build a foundation for collaboration; now, the Center should augment this technology to better facilitate and encourage collaboration. It appears that the Center could benefit from a system that allows for more frequent updates on individual projects to all Center members such as a virtual bulletin board, and a tool that provides a virtual shared drawing space.
SwimXYZ: A large-scale dataset of synthetic swimming motions and videos
Creators: name: Guénolé, Fiche
name: Vincent, Sevestre
name: Camila, Gonzalez-Barral
name: Simon, Leglaive
name: Renaud, Séguier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Technologies play an increasingly important role in sports and become a real competitive advantage for the athletes who benefit from it. Among them, the use of motion capture is developing in various sports to optimize sporting gestures. Unfortunately, traditional motion capture systems are expensive and constraining. Recently developed computer vision-based approaches also struggle in certain sports, like swimming, due to the aquatic environment. One of the reasons for the gap in performance is the lack of labeled datasets with swimming videos. In an attempt to address this issue, we introduce SwimXYZ, a synthetic dataset of swimming motions and videos. SwimXYZ contains 3.4 million frames annotated with ground truth 2D and 3D joints, as well as 240 sequences of swimming motions in the SMPL parameters format. In addition to making this dataset publicly available, we present use cases for SwimXYZ in swimming stroke clustering and 2D pose estimation.
description: ACM MIG 2023
SPANISH TOURIST BEHAVIOUR. A SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE BASED SEGMENTATION
Creators: name: González, Pablo Rodríguez
name: Molina, Oscar Molina
Publisher: name: tourismos
Year: 2009

description: This work uses data from the Spanish Tourism Demand Segments Survey (N=6900) conducted by the IESA-CSIC for Turismo Andaluz, SA. The objective of the paper is to develop a statistical segmentation or typology of Spanish tourists based on objective aspects of tourist behaviour measured in the survey including destinations visited, theme of the trip, lodging, transportation and travel group. Initial categorical data are reduced using multiple correspondence analysis and grouped through cluster analysis. Afterwards, identified segments are evaluated to analyse their tourist profiles with a view to examining sociological perspectives of tourist behaviour.
description: tourismos, Vol. 4 No. 3 (2009)
Chaetoceros danicus Cleve 1889
Creators: name: Bosak, Sunčica
name: Sarno, Diana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Ochrophyta
Bacillariophyceae
Chaetocerotales
Chaetocerotaceae
Chaetoceros
Chaetoceros danicus

description: Chaetoceros danicus Cleve (1889: 55) (Figs 5–12)
 References:— Hustedt (1930), Cupp (1943), Rines & Hargraves (1988), Hernández-Becerril (1996), Jensen & Moestrup (1998), Sunesen et al. (2008), Kooistra et al. (2010), Lee et al. (2014b).
 Morphometry: —a.a.: 12–40 μm; p.a.: 13–23 μm.
 LM: —Cells are usually solitary but occasionally found in short chains composed of two to three cells. Cells contain numerous small chloroplasts located in the central body and in the setae (Figs 5, 6). The valve face is flat or slightly concave; the mantle is moderately high and the girdle is small. Long and thick setae originate from the valve corners and extend perpendicular to pervalvar axis. They are usually straight, but can also be slightly curved in the apical plane. In the same cell, the two valves are generally rotated to each other at ca. 45° and the setae form a typical cross when observed in valve view (Fig. 5). When two cells are found attached to each other, the setae are fused at the valve corners for a short distance without a basal part but the narrow apertures can still be observed due to the slight concave surface of the valves (Fig. 6).
 EM: —The valve is ornamented by a small round central annulus with numerous branching costae extending towards the valve edge, and by numerous poroids irregularly scattered over the valve surface, excluding the central part and mantle (Fig. 7). The mantle is constricted near the edge (Fig. 8) and often ornamented by irregular siliceous thickenings (Fig. 9). Every valve possesses a centrally located rimoportula in the form of a simple oval or commashaped hole on the internal side of the valve (Figs 7–9). Setae in cross-section are round at the bases and later become four to six-sided, with a row of arrowhead-shaped spines on each ridge (1–2 spines in 10 μm) (Fig. 10). The setae sides are ornamented by poroids arranged in a grid pattern, 3–5 longitudinal rows of poroids on each setae side and one transverse row between not particularly thick transverse costae (Fig. 11). Girdle bands are ornamented by alternating costae and striae. The band striae are perforated by irregularly scattered small poroids (Fig. 12).
 Distinctive features: —Usually single cells, straight and thick setae perpendicular to the pervalvar axis, forming a cross in valve view. Setae mainly tetragonal with arrowhead-shaped spines on the ridges and sides pattern consisting of poroids arranged in a grid, 3–5 longitudinal poroid rows, one transverse row between costae.
description: Published as part of Bosak, Sunčica & Sarno, Diana, 2017, The planktonic diatom genus Chaetoceros Ehrenberg (Bacillariophyta) from the Adriatic Sea, pp. 1-44 in Phytotaxa 314 (1) on pages 7-9, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.314.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13700770
First Adiabatic Invariant and the Brightness Temperature of Relativistic Jets
Creators: name: Beskin, Vasily Semyonovich
name: Khalilov, Timur Igorevich
name: Pariev, Vladimir Ivanovich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Assuming that the first adiabatic invariant for radiating particles in relativistic jets is conserved, we investigate the change in brightness temperature along the jet axis. We show that in this case the observed break in the dependence of the brightness temperature on the distance to the central engine can be explained.
A Repelling-Attracting Metropolis Algorithm for Multimodality
Creators: name: Tak, Hyungsuk
name: Meng, Xiao-Li
name: van Dyk, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Although the Metropolis algorithm is simple to implement, it often has difficulties exploring multimodal distributions. We propose the repelling-attracting Metropolis (RAM) algorithm that maintains the simple-to-implement nature of the Metropolis algorithm, but is more likely to jump between modes. The RAM algorithm is a Metropolis-Hastings algorithm with a proposal that consists of a downhill move in density that aims to make local modes repelling, followed by an uphill move in density that aims to make local modes attracting. The downhill move is achieved via a reciprocal Metropolis ratio so that the algorithm prefers downward movement. The uphill move does the opposite using the standard Metropolis ratio which prefers upward movement. This down-up movement in density increases the probability of a proposed move to a different mode. Because the acceptance probability of the proposal involves a ratio of intractable integrals, we introduce an auxiliary variable which creates a term in the acceptance probability that cancels with the intractable ratio. Using several examples, we demonstrate the potential for the RAM algorithm to explore a multimodal distribution more efficiently than a Metropolis algorithm and with less tuning than is commonly required by tempering-based methods.
Chaetoceros densus Cleve 1901
Creators: name: Bosak, Sunčica
name: Sarno, Diana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Ochrophyta
Bacillariophyceae
Chaetocerotales
Chaetocerotaceae
Chaetoceros
Chaetoceros densus

description: Chaetoceros densus (Cleve) Cleve (1901: 15, 16, 24, 28) (Figs 13–15)
 References:— Hustedt (1930), Rines & Hargraves (1988), Hernández-Becerril (1996), Jensen & Moestrup (1998), Lee et al. (2014b).
 Synonyms: — Chaetoceros borealis var. densa Cleve, Chaetoceros borealis var. brigthwellii Cleve, Chaetoceros brightwellii (Cleve) Mills.
 Morphometry: —a.a.: 17–38 μm; p.a.: 13–63 μm
 LM: —Cells are united into robust, straight and long chains. Cells are rectangular in girdle view with diagonally cut valve corners (Fig. 13). Cells and setae contain numerous small chloroplasts. The valve face is flat or slightly concave; the mantle is high and shows a visible constriction at its edge (Fig. 13). A simple hole-shaped rimoportula is present in the centre of each valve (Fig. 14). The long, thick and straight setae originate inside the valve margin. Apertures are narrow and slit- or hexagonally shaped (Fig. 13). In valve view, the intercalary setae diverge from the apical plane at equal angles (ca. 30–45°) (Fig. 14). Terminal setae are almost parallel to the chain axis.
 EM: —The setae are four-sided (not shown) with the rows of sharp stipule-shaped spines on the ridges. Each side is perforated by small poroids arranged in a grid pattern, comprising 12–15 longitudinal rows and a single row of poroids between transverse costae (Fig. 15).
 Distinctive features: —Very narrow apertures. Four-sided setae with each side ornamented with small poroids arranged in a grid pattern, with 12–15 longitudinal rows of poroids.
description: Published as part of Bosak, Sunčica & Sarno, Diana, 2017, The planktonic diatom genus Chaetoceros Ehrenberg (Bacillariophyta) from the Adriatic Sea, pp. 1-44 in Phytotaxa 314 (1) on page 9, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.314.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13700770
LibTechRex: Building a Library Technology Lending System
Creators: name: Nickels, Colin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017
Subjects: Systems design
Decision support systems
Web services –- Library applications

description: This paper describes a needs assessment and system design process to support technology lending purchase decision making. Personal interviews with five librarians and one paraprofessional were conducted to gather both feature requirements and an understanding of the current workflow. This paper details the results of this investigation in terms of system needs. It describes features that would support this difficult decision process. It also includes many design diagrams and models that present both the current and proposed workflows.
Impact of biochar on okra nutrient uptake under organic and conventional nutrient management
Creators: name: Donghui, S
name: Pawera, L
Publisher: name: World Vegetable Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: NUTRITION
subject: NUTRIENT UPTAKE
subject: ORGANIC MATTER
subject: ELEMENTS
subject: NUTRIENT CONTENT
subject: Biochar
subject: Nutrient uptake
subject: Okra
subject: Organic nutrient management
subject: Conventional nutrient management
subject: Randomized complete block design (RCBD)
subject: Potassium
subject: Calcium
subject: Magnesium
subject: Manganese
subject: Carbon
subject: Nitrogen
subject: C/N ratio
subject: Phosphorus
subject: Sodium
subject: Zinc
subject: Copper
subject: Nickel
subject: Boron
subject: Organic vs. conventional plots
subject: Nutrient absorption

description: Experiments were conducted to study the effects of biochar on nutrient uptake in okra under organic and conventional nutrient management. The experimental design followed was randomized complete block design(RCBD) with 9 treatments and 3 replicates. The results showed only a few significant results among the treatments of potassium, calcium, magnesium, manganese, carbon, nitrogen, and C/N, and there were no significant differences in phosphorus, sodium, zinc, copper, nickel, and boron. Both conventional plots and organic plots had more nutrient uptake than control, but organic plots had higher nutrient absorption than conventional plots
Chaetoceros eibenii Grunow
Creators: name: Bosak, Sunčica
name: Sarno, Diana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Ochrophyta
Bacillariophyceae
Chaetocerotales
Chaetocerotaceae
Chaetoceros
Chaetoceros eibenii

description: Chaetoceros eibenii Grunow in Van Heurck (1882: pl. LXXXII) (Figs 16–23)
 References:— Hustedt (1930), Cupp (1943), Von Stosch et al. (1973), Koch & Rivera (1984), Rines & Hargraves (1988), Jensen & Moestrup (1998), Lee et al. (2014b).
 Synonym: — Chaetoceros paradoxus var. eibenii Grunow.
 Morphometry: —a.a.: 13–42 μm; p.a.: 11–38 μm.
 LM: —Cells united into robust, straight and long chains (Fig. 16). In girdle view cells are rectangular with sharp valve corners (Fig. 17). Cells and setae contain numerous chloroplasts. The valve surface is slightly concave with a spine-like central process visible on every valve (Fig. 17). The valve mantle is low. Setae originate inside the valve margin and have a relatively short basal part (Fig. 17).
 EM: —The valves are very heavily silicified and perforated with poroids irregularly scattered over the valve face, setae bases, and mantle. In valve view, one seta is oriented parallel to the apical plane and the other one diverges from it at approximately 90° angle (Fig. 18). However, the divergence angle can be quite variable. The marginal ridge is often ornamented with a strongly silicified low hyaline rim with an uneven edge (Fig. 18). A central rimoportula is present in each valve. It appears as a simple hole from the inside, and brings a flattened or round tube with a tapering tip on the outside of the valve (Figs 18–19). The setae are six-sided (Fig. 22) with a row of very strong, shark fin-shaped spines on each ridge (Fig. 23). The setae sides are ornamented by relatively thick and distinct transverse costae interspaced by less silicified areas, which are perforated by numerous very small poroids, sometimes arranged in rows close to costae but otherwise irregularly scattered over the hyaline area (Figs 20–21). One larger round pore is present near the ridge and close to the costa on either sides of the side-wall, at an interval of 4–8 costae (Fig. 21).
 Distinctive features: —Hexagonal apertures, a spine-like rimoportula process visible in every valve. Six-sided setae, ornamented with thick costae interspaced by numerous very small poroids.
description: Published as part of Bosak, Sunčica & Sarno, Diana, 2017, The planktonic diatom genus Chaetoceros Ehrenberg (Bacillariophyta) from the Adriatic Sea, pp. 1-44 in Phytotaxa 314 (1) on page 9, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.314.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13700770
An independent test of the photometric selection of white dwarf candidates using LAMOST DR3
Creators: name: Fusillo, N. P. Gentile
name: Rebassa-Mansergas, A.
name: Gänsicke, B. T.
name: Liu, X. -W.
name: Ren, J. J.
name: Koester, D.
name: Zhan, Y.
name: Hou, Y.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Yang, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In Gentile Fusillo et al. (2015) we developed a selection method for white dwarf candidates which makes use of photometry, colours and proper motions to calculate a probability of being a white dwarf (Pwd). The application of our method to the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) data release 10 resulted in nearly 66,000 photometrically selected objects with a derived Pwd, approximately 21000 of which are high confidence white dwarf candidates. Here we present an independent test of our selection method based on a sample of spectroscopically confirmed white dwarfs from the LAMOST (Large Sky Area Multi-Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope) survey. We do this by cross matching all our $\sim$66,000 SDSS photometric white dwarf candidates with the over 4 million spectra available in the third data release of LAMOST. This results in 1673 white dwarf candidates with no previous SDSS spectroscopy, but with available LAMOST spectra. Among these objects we identify 309 genuine white dwarfs. We find that our Pwd can efficiently discriminate between confirmed LAMOST white dwarfs and contaminants. Our white dwarf candidate selection method can be applied to any multi-band photometric survey and in this work we conclusively confirm its reliability in selecting white dwarfs without recourse to spectroscopy. We also discuss the spectroscopic completeness of white dwarfs in LAMOST, as well as deriving effective temperatures, surface gravities and masses for the hydrogen-rich atmosphere white dwarfs in the newly identified LAMOST sample.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. The full catalogue presented in table 4 is available at http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/sci/physics/research/astro/catalogues/SDSS_WD_candidates_with_LAMOST_spectra.csv
Epitaxial Y1Ba2Cu3O7 thin films on CeO2 buffer layers on sapphire substrates
Creators: name: Denhoff, M. W.
name: McCaffrey, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pulsed laser deposition has been used to deposit Y1Ba2Cu3O7 layer on CeO2 buffer layers on (1102) sapphire. Both layers are epitaxial with the (110) direction of the CeO2 layer aligned with the <2021> direction of the sapphire substrate. The c-axis Y1Ba2Cu3O7 layer has its <100> direction aligned with the <110> direction of the CeO2. Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy shows the epitaxy to be coherent and the interfaces to be abrupt at an atomic level. The best films have a critical current of 9 e6 A/cm2 at 4.2 K and lower microwave surface resistance than copper at 77 K and at a frequency of 31 GHz.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures, journal article
A CMB lensing analysis of the extended mass distribution of clusters
Creators: name: Toscano, Facundo
name: Luparello, Heliana
name: Gonzalez, Elizabeth Johana
name: Lambas, Diego Garcia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of this work is to study the anisotropic weak lensing signal associated with the mass distribution of massive clusters of galaxies using the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) data. For this purpose, we stack patches of the Planck Collaboration 2018 CMB lensing convergence map centered on SDSS DR8 redMaPPer clusters within the redshift range [0.4, 0.5]. We obtain mean radial profiles of the convergence parameter k finding strong signals at scales as large as 40 Mpc/h. By orienting the clusters along their major axis defined through the galaxy member distribution, we find a significant difference between the parallel and perpendicular oriented convergence profiles. The amplitude of the profile along the parallel direction is about 50% larger than that along the perpendicular direction, indicating that the clusters are well aligned with the surrounding mass distribution. From a model with an anisotropic surface mass density, we obtain a suitable agreement for both mass and ellipticities of clusters compared to results derived from weak lensing shear estimates, finding strong evidence of the correlation between the galaxy cluster member distribution and the large--scale mass distribution.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures
The road toward a full, high resolution Molecular Cloud catalog of the Galaxy
Creators: name: Colombo, Dario
name: Rosolowsky, Erik
name: Ginsburg, Adam
name: Duarte-Cabral, Ana
name: Hughes, Annie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The statistical description of Giant Molecular Cloud (GMC) properties relies heavily on the performance of automatic identification algorithms, which are often seriously affected by the survey design. The algorithm we designed, SCIMES (Spectral Clustering for Interstellar Molecular Emission Segmentation), is able to overcome some of these limitations by considering the cloud segmentation problem in the broad framework of the graph theory. The application of the code on the CO(3-2) High Resolution Survey (COHRS) data allowed for a robust decomposition of more than 12,000 objects in the Galactic Plane. Together with the wealth of Galactic Plane surveys of the recent years, this approach will help to open the door to a future, systematic cataloging of all discrete molecular features of our own Galaxy.
description: 2 pages, 1 figure, Proceedings IAU Symposium No. 315, 2015
USING MULTIPLE SENSES IN TOURISM MARKETING - THE HELSINKI EXPERT, ECKERÖ LINE AND LINNANMÄKI AMUSEMENT PARK CASES
Creators: name: Isacsson, Annica
name: Alakoski, Leena
name: Bäck, Asta
Publisher: name: tourismos
Year: 2009

description: In order to create awareness & motivation among future travellers, tourism communication, should, according to our understanding, not only appeal to the visuals, but to all user senses in an inter medial mix. Hence, smell, sound, touch, taste and sight must be touched, in order for communication to be perceived valuable and interesting, as we argue that the activation of multiple senses enhances the feeling of authenticity and experience. If combined with ration and need, in addition to the involvement of other users, only then can tourism marketing claim to be future-oriented and engaging. According to Lindstrom and Kotler (2005) our understanding of the world, for the most part, is experienced through multiple senses. Our senses are the link to memory and can tap right into emotion. After sight, smell appears to be the most persuasive sense. We will, in this article present a few related cases, our findings and discuss the implications of our findings.
description: tourismos, Vol. 4 No. 3 (2009)
title: Female type of Persistent Müllerian Duct Syndrome with co-existing Seminoma
Creators: name: Jacob, Monisha
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Uroradiology & genital male imaging
subject: Genital / Reproductive system male
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: MR
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 32-year-old phenotypically male patient came with complaints of low backache and vague abdominal discomfort for one year. Physical examination showed a palpable mass in the lower abdomen. Bilateral scrotal sacs were empty with normal penis, prostate and secondary sexual characters. Laboratory workup showed elevated levels of serum lactate dehydrogenase:1367.0 U/l. Serum beta-hCG and Alpha-fetoprotein were within normal limits. 

description: 32 years, male
An Evaluation of the UNC Distance Education Website
Creators: name: Luan, Xiaohua
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004
Subjects: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill--Distance Education Program
Web sites--Evaluation
Distance education
Use studies--Internet
Web Sites--Usability

description: This study is an evaluation of the overall usability of the UNC Distance Education website. This study focuses on the following aspects of website usability: 1) the users' impressions of and satisfaction with the site in terms of appearance, content, information organization, and navigation; and 2) the efficiency of site navigation. The study involved 10 participants, 4 prospective students and 6 current students, corresponding to the two user groups of the site. In this study, each participant responded to two questionnaires and two interviews, and carried out eight tasks with the site. Data were collected from participants' feedback and the tester's observations, and analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively to identify usability problems. Recommendations are made for improvement of the site.