Copestylum tigrinum Ricarte & Hancock
Creators: name: Miranda, Gil F. G.
name: Soares, Matheus M. M.
name: Fernandes, Daniell R. R.
name: Rafael, José A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Syrphidae
Copestylum
Copestylum tigrinum

description: Copestylum tigrinum Ricarte & Hancock in Ricarte et al., 2015
FEMALE (Figs 8–10, 13–17). Description. Like male (Figs 5–7) except: frons pale but darkening towards vertex, of same width throughout except slightly widening above lunule, pile black (Fig. 8); vertex of same width throughout, pile black (Fig. 8); scutum dark postero-medial area extends apico-medially as an acute point, almost until the anterior margin of the scutum (Fig. 9); scutellum with mostly black pile, pile lighter at apex (Fig. 9); all femora darkened apically, protarsus entirely black, all femora with apico-frontal face with black pile (Fig. 9); abdominal pale maculae narrower, appearing more like fasciae (Fig. 10). Genitalia (Figs 13–17): Segments, and membrane between them, short. Tergites and sternites 6 and 7 rectangular, wider than long, with pilosity restricted to apical margin. Tergite 8 rectangular, wider than long, pilosity restricted to apical margin and with four distinct apical setae, equally spaced from each other; sternite 8 mostly membranous slightly sclerotized basally, homogeneously pilose, pile shorter medially, longer and thicker laterally. Sternite 9 present in the genital chamber (‘s9’ in Fig. 13). Epiprocts connected apically by a narrow, curved, transverse sclerotized area (‘epi’ in Fig. 13 and 15), with narrow apico-lateral extensions that touch the cerci dorsally (‘ext’ in Fig. 16), and with short triangular apodemes (‘ap’ in Fig. 15), pilose with four distinct apical setae (Fig. 15); hypoproct as a long triangular slightly sclerotized area, densely pilose (‘hyp’ in Fig. 17). Cerci (‘c’ in Figs 14–17) sclerotized and pilose, positioned ventrally and slightly perpendicular to the plane of the epiproct.
Adult size. Length (mm). Male: body = 6−8 (n = 9), wing = 6.5−7.9 (n = 9). Female: body = 6.2−7.9 (n = 10), wing = 6.2−7.5 (n = 12).
Adult variation. When comparing to the description and images of C. tigrinum in Ricarte et al. (2015), the males from this study have a more ventrally produced face (Figs 6 and 9), the scutum is cream-colored medially, instead of orange (although this might be an artifact of preservation/photography), the posterior brown maculae of the scutum are larger (Figs 5 and 8), the pile of the scutellum is mostly black, all femora are darkened apically, and the pale abdominal markings are narrower (Figs 7 and 10).
Examined material. BRAZIL, AM, Manaus, ZF-2, tower trail, 18.i.2019, emerged from fruits of Casearia combaymensis, J.A. Rafael et al. [11 ♂ (D#0188–0198), 15 ♀ (D#0199–0213), 4 puparia not associated to their respective adults]; Maués, ESEC Alto Maués, 5º35'59"S 58º49'12"W, 8–16.v.2019, Malaise large, close to stream, P.C.S. Barroso and S.P. Lima [1 ♀ (D#0214)].
Biology. The area where the specimens were collected was a lowland humid tropical forest. The decaying fruits of the host plant (C. combaymensis Tul.), where immature stages of this species were collected, belong to the family Salicaceae, a different family from the previously known record, Malvaceae (Ricarte et al. 2015).
Distribution (Fig. 18). Neotropical Region: Brazil (state of Amazonas), Trinidad and Tobago.
description: Published as part of Miranda, Gil F. G., Soares, Matheus M. M., Fernandes, Daniell R. R. & Rafael, José A., 2022, Description of the female of Copestylum tigrinum Ricarte & Hancock in Ricarte et al., 2015 (Diptera, Syrphidae), first record in mainland South America and new larval host plant, pp. 175-182 in Zootaxa 5182 (2) on pages 178-180, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5182.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/7049593