cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
'Economic Inequality' Evidence from Nepal
Creators: name: Loksom, Purna K.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The study of economic issues beyond income and wealth has become very crucial to the 21st Century. Instead of just focusing on financial prosperity, academicians, public, and the Governments have given additional attention to social justice, wellbeing, inequality, and the poverty of human being. Widening inequality is threatening human rights and social justice of the world and alarming social harmony. On that lens, Nepal is still behind with the issue of economic growth and GDP. Although Nepal's long-term vision has set as "Preposterous Nepal, Happy Nepali", there is less focus on social indicators. Whereas the issues of social and economic inequalities from the corner of ethnic, geographical and gender domain have drawn the attention of the Government and policymakers.To explore the depth and causes of economic inequality across Nepal's geography, gender, and ethnicity, both primary and secondary data been applied. The primary survey has been applied to observe the consistency and reliability of the secondary data. Instead of quantitative data of economic inequality, the subjective indicators of social wellbeing, happiness are also analysed from the conceptual framework of the Capability approach introduced by Amartya Sen, which has underpinned the HDI of the United National and the GNH of Bhutan.While examining economic inequality via descriptive, inferential statistics and various indexes: Gini Coefficient, Atkinson Index, Palma ratio, the results have concluded the existence of economic disparities within and between different social clusters. Furthermore, various econometric models also formulated. The outcome concluded that the urban public is dominant over rural society regardless of economic or social indicators. Besides, the economic, social inequality between gender (Male / Female) and different ethnic clusters of Nepal (Braman-Chhetri, Janjati-Bishyan, Madheshi-Taraiwashi and Dalits) is endorsed by the hypothesis test. The various suggestions and recommendation have outlined provided for policymakers and further researchers.
Zero Shot on the Cold-Start Problem: Model-Agnostic Interest Learning for Recommender Systems
Creators: name: Feng, Philip J.
name: Pan, Pingjun
name: Zhou, Tingting
name: Chen, Hongxiang
name: Luo, Chuanjiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: User behavior has been validated to be effective in revealing personalized preferences for commercial recommendations. However, few user-item interactions can be collected for new users, which results in a null space for their interests, i.e., the cold-start dilemma. In this paper, a two-tower framework, namely, the model-agnostic interest learning (MAIL) framework, is proposed to address the cold-start recommendation (CSR) problem for recommender systems. In MAIL, one unique tower is constructed to tackle the CSR from a zero-shot view, and the other tower focuses on the general ranking task. Specifically, the zero-shot tower first performs cross-modal reconstruction with dual auto-encoders to obtain virtual behavior data from highly aligned hidden features for new users; and the ranking tower can then output recommendations for users based on the completed data by the zero-shot tower. Practically, the ranking tower in MAIL is model-agnostic and can be implemented with any embedding-based deep models. Based on the co-training of the two towers, the MAIL presents an end-to-end method for recommender systems that shows an incremental performance improvement. The proposed method has been successfully deployed on the live recommendation system of NetEase Cloud Music to achieve a click-through rate improvement of 13% to 15% for millions of users. Offline experiments on real-world datasets also show its superior performance in CSR. Our code is available.
Water Footprint Assessment of Palm Oil Biodiesel Production in Southern part of Thailand
Creators: name: Shinatiphkorn Pongpinyopap, Worayuy Saibuatrong
Publisher: name: คณะสิ่งแวดล้อมและทรัพยากรศาสตร์
Year: 2014
Subjects: water footprint , biodiesel,palm oil,Thailand

description: 2, 12, Environment and Natural Resources Journal
Metallic phase in the two-dimensional ionic Hubbard model
Creators: name: Bouadim, K.
name: Paris, N.
name: Hebert, F.
name: Batrouni, G. G.
name: Scalettar, R. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the phases of the ionic Hubbard model in a two-dimensional square lattice using determinant quantum Monte Carlo (DQMC). At half-filling, when the interaction strength or the staggered potential dominate we find Mott and band insulators, respectively. When these two energies are of the same order we find a metallic region. Charge and magnetic structure factors demonstrate the presence of antiferromagnetism only in the Mott region, although the externally imposed density modulation is present everywhere in the phase diagram. Away from half-filling, other insulating phases are found. Kinetic energy correlations do not give clear signals for the existence of a bond-ordered phase.
Additional file 1 of Elucidation of the mechanisms of fluconazole resistance and repurposing treatment options against urinary Candida spp. isolated from hospitalized patients in Alexandria, Egypt
Creators: name: Zeitoun, Hend
name: Salem, Rawan A.
name: El-Guink, Nadia M.
name: Tolba, Nesrin S.
name: Mohamed, Nelly M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1 shows Supplementary Tables S1 to S5.
UU Open Science Questionnaire 2020
Creators: name: Brinkman, Loek
name: De Haan, Judith
name: Van Hemert, Daniël
name: De Laat, Joost
name: Thomaes, Sander
name: Van Veelen, Ruth
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Open Science
Open Access
Open Data
Open Software
Open Source
Open Code
Open Materials
Transparency
Recognition
Rewards
Research
Impact
Stakeholders
Public Engagement
FAIR
Pre-registration
Pre-prints
Team Science
Reproducibility
Collaboration
Academia

description: The UU Open Science Questionnaire 2020 was an initiative by the Open Science Platform of Utrecht University. The questionnaire was sent to research staff at Utrecht University and University Medical Center Utrecht, with the aim to monitor their knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours towards Open Science practices. The report based on the questionnaire data can be found here.
Long-distance entanglement and quantum teleportation in XX spin chains
Creators: name: Venuti, L. Campos
name: Giampaolo, S. M.
name: Illuminati, F.
name: Zanardi, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Isotropic XX models of one-dimensional spin-1/2 chains are investigated with the aim to elucidate the formal structure and the physical properties that allow these systems to act as channels for long-distance, high-fidelity quantum teleportation. We introduce two types of models: I) open, dimerized XX chains, and II) open XX chains with small end bonds. For both models we obtain the exact expressions for the end-to-end correlations and the scaling of the energy gap with the length of the chain. We determine the end-to-end concurrence and show that model I) supports true long-distance entanglement at zero temperature, while model II) supports {\it ``quasi long-distance''} entanglement that slowly falls off with the size of the chain. Due to the different scalings of the gaps, respectively exponential for model I) and algebraic in model II), we demonstrate that the latter allows for efficient qubit teleportation with high fidelity in sufficiently long chains even at moderately low temperatures.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Reproducible Builds: Increasing the Integrity of Software Supply Chains
Creators: name: Lamb, Chris
name: Zacchiroli, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Although it is possible to increase confidence in Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) by reviewing its source code, trusting code is not the same as trusting its executable counterparts. These are typically built and distributed by third-party vendors, with severe security consequences if their supply chains are compromised. In this paper, we present reproducible builds, an approach that can determine whether generated binaries correspond with their original source code. We first define the problem, and then provide insight into the challenges of making real-world software build in a "reproducible" manner-this is, when every build generates bit-for-bit identical results. Through the experience of the Reproducible Builds project making the Debian Linux distribution reproducible, we also describe the affinity between reproducibility and quality assurance (QA).
description: IEEE Software, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, In press
Ramsey interferometry with a spin embedded in a Coulomb chain
Creators: name: De Chiara, Gabriele
name: Calarco, Tommaso
name: Fishman, Shmuel
name: Morigi, Giovanna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the statistical properties of a Coulomb crystal can be measured by means of a standard interferometric procedure performed on the spin of one ion in the chain. The ion spin, constituted by two internal levels of the ion, couples to the crystal modes via spatial displacement induced by photon absorption. The loss of contrast in the interferometric signal allows one to measure the autocorrelation function of the crystal observables. Close to the critical point, where the chain undergoes a second-order phase transition to a zigzag structure, the signal gives the behaviour of the correlation function at the critical point.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures. Changes: typical experimental parameters + minor corrections. Published version
A Pionic Hadron Explains the Muon Magnetic Moment Anomaly
Creators: name: Schiel, Rainer W.
name: Ralston, John P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A significant discrepancy exists between experiment and calculations of the muon's magnetic moment. We find that standard formulas for the hadronic vacuum polarization term have overlooked pionic states known to exist. Coulomb binding alone guarantees $π^+ π^-$ states that quantum mechanically mix with the $ρ$ meson. A simple 2-state mixing model explains the magnetic moment discrepancy for a mixing angle of order $α\sim 10^{-2}$. The relevant physical state is predicted to give a tiny observable bump in the ratio R(s) of $e^+ e^-$ annihilation at a low energy not previously searched. The burden of proof is reversed for claims that conventional physics cannot explain the muon's anomalous moment.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures, revised version, accepted for publication in Physics Letters B
Pre-registration UU Open Science Questionnaire
Creators: name: Brinkman, Loek
name: De Haan, Judith
name: De Laat, Joost
name: Thomaes, Sander
name: Van Veelen, Ruth
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Open Science
Pre-registration
Research
Open Source
Transparency

description: This is the pre-registration of the research underlying to the creation of the UU Open Science Questionnaire 2020 and the Open Science Monitor 2020
Mechanism of phase transitions and the electronic density of states in (La,Sm)FeAsO$_{1-x}$F$_x$ from ab initio calculations
Creators: name: Sushko, P. V.
name: Shluger, A. L.
name: Hirano, M.
name: Hosono, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structure and electronic density of states in layered LnFeAsO$_{1-x}$F$_x$ (Ln=La,Sm; $x$=0.0, 0.125, 0.25) are investigated using density functional theory. For the $x$=0.0 system we predict a complex potential energy surface, formed by close-lying single-well and double-well potentials, which gives rise to the tetragonal-to-orthorhombic structural transition, appearance of the magnetic order, and an anomaly in the specific heat capacity observed experimentally at temperatures below $\sim$140--160 K. We propose a mechanism for these transitions and suggest that these phenomena are generic to all compounds containing FeAs layers. For $x>$0.0 we demonstrate that transition temperatures to the superconducting state and their dependence on $x$ correlate well with the calculated magnitude of the electronic density of states at the Fermi energy.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Heavy-quark effects on cold quark matter and self-bound stars
Creators: name: Jiménez, José C.
name: Fraga, Eduardo S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heavy-quark effects on the equation of state for cold and dense quark matter are obtained from perturbative QCD, yielding observables parametrized only by the renormalization scale. In particular, we investigate the thermodynamics of charm quark matter under the constraints of $β$ equilibrium and electric charge neutrality in a region of densities where perturbative QCD is, in principle, much more reliable. Finally, we analyze the stability of charm stars, a possible new branch of ultradense, self-bound compact stars, and find that they are unstable under radial oscillations.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, contribution to the proceedings for the 19th International Conference on Strangeness in Quark Matter (SQM 2021), online 17-22 May 2021 (Submission to EPJ)
Self-balanced Learning For Domain Generalization
Creators: name: Kim, Jin
name: Lee, Jiyoung
name: Park, Jungin
name: Min, Dongbo
name: Sohn, Kwanghoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Domain generalization aims to learn a prediction model on multi-domain source data such that the model can generalize to a target domain with unknown statistics. Most existing approaches have been developed under the assumption that the source data is well-balanced in terms of both domain and class. However, real-world training data collected with different composition biases often exhibits severe distribution gaps for domain and class, leading to substantial performance degradation. In this paper, we propose a self-balanced domain generalization framework that adaptively learns the weights of losses to alleviate the bias caused by different distributions of the multi-domain source data. The self-balanced scheme is based on an auxiliary reweighting network that iteratively updates the weight of loss conditioned on the domain and class information by leveraging balanced meta data. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our method overwhelming state-of-the-art works for domain generalization.
description: Accepted at International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) 2021
Dynamics of Cryogenic Jets: Non-Rayleigh Breakup and Onset of Nonaxisymmetric Motions
Creators: name: Boukharov, A. V.
name: Buescher, M.
name: Gerasimov, A. S.
name: Chernetsky, V. D.
name: Fedorets, P. V.
name: Maryshev, I. N.
name: Semenov, A. A.
name: Ginevskii, A. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report development of generators for periodic, satellite-free fluxes of mono-disperse drops with diameters down to 10 mikrometers from cryogenic liquids like H_2, N_2, Ar and Xe (and, as reference fluid, water). While the breakup of water jets can well be described by Rayleigh's linear theory, we find jet regimes for H_2 and N_2 which reveal deviations from this behavior. Thus, Rayleigh's theory is inappropriate for thin jets that exchange energy and/or mass with the surrounding medium. Moreover, at high evaporation rates, axial symmetry of the dynamics is lost. When the drops pass into vacuum, frozen pellets form due to surface evaporation. The narrow width of the pellet flux paves the way towards various industrial and scientific applications.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, 1 table; final version to appear in Phys.Rev.Lett (minor changes with respect to v1)
LoTSS jellyfish galaxies: I. Radio tails in low redshift clusters
Creators: name: Roberts, I. D.
name: van Weeren, R. J.
name: McGee, S. L.
name: Botteon, A.
name: Drabent, A.
name: Ignesti, A.
name: Rottgering, H. J. A.
name: Shimwell, T. W.
name: Tasse, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present a large sample of jellyfish galaxies in low redshift clusters (z<0.05), identified through 120-168 MHz radio continuum from the LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS). From a parent sample of 29 X-ray-detected SDSS galaxy clusters and their spectroscopic members, we visually identify 95 star-forming, LoTSS jellyfish galaxies with 144 MHz radio tails. Star formation rates (SFRs) and stellar masses are obtained for all galaxies from SED fits. For each jellyfish galaxy we determine the tail orientation with respect to the cluster centre and quantify the prominence of the radio tails with the 144 MHz shape asymmetry. After carefully accounting for redshift-dependent selection effects, we find that the frequency of jellyfish galaxies is relatively constant from cluster to cluster. LoTSS jellyfish galaxies are preferentially found at small clustercentric radius and large velocity offsets within their host clusters and have radio tails that are oriented away from the cluster centre. These galaxies also show enhanced star formation, relative to both 'normal' cluster galaxies and isolated field galaxies, but generally fall within the scatter of the L144MHz - SFR relation. The properties of the LoTSS jellyfish galaxies identified in this work are fully consistent with expectations from ram pressure stripping. This large sample of jellyfish galaxies will be valuable for further constraining ram pressure stripping and star formation quenching in nearby galaxy clusters. We show that LOFAR is a powerful instrument for identifying ram pressure stripped galaxies across extremely wide fields. Moving forward we will push the search for jellyfish galaxies beyond this initial cluster sample, including a comprehensive survey of the galaxy group regime.
description: 15 pages plus appendix, 10 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Adult student and tutor perceptions of academic advising at the Open Learning Institute
Creators: name: McInnes-Rankin, Ethelyn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Distance education is a rapidly growing delivery system which is being used to serve the needs of adult learners. There is a lack of information and research available on advising the adult learner within a distance education system. This survey of adult students and tutors at the Open Learning Institute, a distance education institution in British Columbia, showed that there were significant differences between female and male student responses to important aspects of academic advising and adult student concerns. The item, isolation, seems to be a concern more of O.L.I, tutors than O.L.I, students. Results suggest that the aspects of academic advising surveyed were important to both tutors and students.
Additional file 2 of Elucidation of the mechanisms of fluconazole resistance and repurposing treatment options against urinary Candida spp. isolated from hospitalized patients in Alexandria, Egypt
Creators: name: Zeitoun, Hend
name: Salem, Rawan A.
name: El-Guink, Nadia M.
name: Tolba, Nesrin S.
name: Mohamed, Nelly M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2 shows Supplementary Figures S1 to S4.
Equivalence of three-dimensional spacetimes
Creators: name: Sousa, F. C.
name: Fonseca, J. B.
name: Romero, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A solution to the equivalence problem in three-dimensional gravity is given and a practically useful method to obtain a coordinate invariant description of local geometry is presented. The method is a nontrivial adaptation of Karlhede invariant classification of spacetimes of general relativity. The local geometry is completely determined by the curvature tensor and a finite number of its covariant derivatives in a frame where the components of the metric are constants. The results are presented in the framework of real two-component spinors in three-dimensional spacetimes, where the algebraic classifications of the Ricci and Cotton-York spinors are given and their isotropy groups and canonical forms are determined. As an application we discuss Goedel-type spacetimes in three-dimensional General Relativity. The conditions for local space and time homogeneity are derived and the equivalence of three-dimensional Goedel-type spacetimes is studied and the results are compared with previous works on four-dimensional Goedel-type spacetimes.
description: 13 pages - content changes and corrected typos
Towards sustainable research software
Creators: name: Katz, Daniel S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Humanity has a mix of overlapping goals that relate to science (and more broadly, wissenschaft). We seek new knowledge for its own purpose as well as for its potential solution to both detailed and general problems, situations, and crises. And we want to be able to verify (or disprove) such knowledge (reproducibility), then build on it (reuse), as simply and as cost-effectively as possible. This knowledge can be captured in text, images, data, software, etc. In this talk, I will focus on knowledge captured in research software, which can be both read, executed, and extended. However, software, unlike data, requires ongoing human activity to fix bugs and to adapt to frequent changes in the software and hardware environment on which it depends, as well as changing user needs. This required human activity leads to different models of software sustainability, including a mix of open source communities, industrial or government support, and commercialization, some of which are also tied to different distribution mechanisms, such as source code, executables, containers, and services. This leads to a number of overlapping challenges and corresponding efforts, including making research software FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable), publishable, and citable, as well as considering how to support the human effort needed to maintain and sustain the software, including incentives and career paths. This talk will highlight some recent activities in these areas, including FAIR for research software principles, software citation, the Journal of Open Source Software, and software career paths.
description: CS department seminar, Royal Holloway, University of London, 1 December 2021
Stringy NJL and Gross-Neveu models at finite density and temperature
Creators: name: Davis, Joshua L.
name: Gutperle, Michael
name: Kraus, Per
name: Sachs, Ivo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlocal stringy versions of the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio and Gross-Neveu models arise in a certain limit of holographic QCD. We analyze the phase structure at finite density and temperature at strong coupling in terms of probe branes in the gravity dual. Comparison with the phase structure of the local field theory models shows qualitative agreement with some aspects, and disagreement with others. Finally, we explain how to construct the Landau potentials for these models by taking the probe branes off-shell.
description: 32 pages, uses JHEP3.cls; v2, references added, version to be submitted to JHEP
Profiles of children with cortical visual impairment who use AAC (Blackstone et al., 2022)
Creators: name: Blackstone, Sarah
name: Luo, Fei
name: Barker, R. Michael
name: Sevcik, Rose A.
name: Romski, MaryAnn
name: Casella, Vicki
name: Roman-Lantzy, Christine
Publisher: name: ASHA journals
Year: 2022
Subjects: Communication technology and digital media studies
Vision science

description: Purpose: Cortical visual impairment (CVI) is the most common cause of visual impairment in children today and can impact the outcomes of children who rely on augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). This study provides baseline data of 13 children with CVI who used AAC during their first year of participation in an integrated CVI program. One purpose was to describe similarities and differences in the student’s demographic, functional vision, communication, and educational profiles. A second purpose was to examine differences in students described with different communicator profiles. Method: Archived student records were de-identified and reviewed using a systematic coding scheme. Two researchers independently reviewed and coded all student records. Reliability was established. Measures included CVI Range scores; supports for positioning, mobility, vision, and writing; AAC systems, including modes, access methods, and language representation; communicative competence; self-determination; literacy; and mathematics. Results: The study yielded a rich description of similarities and differences among students at baseline and led to careful consideration of differences among the participants with emergent communicator and context-dependent communicator profiles. Conclusions: Currently, limited evidence exists that informs practice regarding AAC assessment and intervention for children with CVI. This article describes a small sample of children with CVI who use AAC. Results underscore the need for educators and practitioners to ensure that vision functioning in students with CVI is evaluated carefully and regularly when conducting AAC assessment and intervention and formulating communication or education goals. Supplemental Material S1. Evaluation protocols used at TBS. List of data collection forms. Supplemental Material S2. Supports for positioning, mobility, vision, and writing. Supplemental Material S3. AAC modes. Supplemental Material S4. AAC access methods. Supplemental Material S5. Language representation. Supplemental Material S6. Communicative competence and self-determination. Supplemental Material S7. Literacy. Supplemental Material S8. Mathematics. Blackstone, S., Luo, F., Barker, R. M., Sevcik, R. A., Romski, M., Casella, V., & Roman-Lantzy, C. (2022). Profiles of children with cortical visual impairment who use augmentative and alternative communication: A retrospective examination. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1044/2022_AJSLP-22-00130
Self-consistent ion beam analysis: an approach by multi-objective optimization
Creators: name: Silva, Tiago F.
name: Rodrigues, Cleber L.
name: Added, Nemitala
name: Rizzutto, Marcia A.
name: Tabacniks, Manfredo H.
name: Höschen, Till
name: von Toussaint, Udo
name: Mayer, Matej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ion Beam Analysis (IBA) comprises a set of analytical techniques suited for material analysis, many of which are rather closely related. Self-consistent analysis of several IBA techniques takes advantage of this close relationship to combine different Ion Beam measurements in a unique model to obtain an improved characterization of the sample. This approach provides a powerful tool to obtain an unequivocal and reliable model of the sample, increasing confidence and reducing ambiguities. Taking advantage of the recognized reliability and quality of the simulations provided by SIMNRA, we developed a multi-process program for a self-consistent analysis based on SIMNRA calculations. MultiSIMNRA uses computational algorithms to minimize an objective function running multiple instances of SIMNRA. With four different optimization algorithms, the code can handle sample and setup parameters (including correlations and constraints), to find the set of parameters that best fits simultaneously all experimental data.
description: 27 pages, 5 figures, research paper
Repeated Interaction Quantum Systems: van Hove Limits and Asymptotic States
Creators: name: Vargas, Rodrigo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 47A55; 47N55; 82C10; 81V80

description: We establish the existence of two weak coupling regime effective dynamics for an open quantum system of repeated interactions (vanishing strength and individual interaction duration, respectively). This generalizes known results in that the von Neumann algebras describing the system and the chain element may not be of finite type. Then (but now assuming that the small system is of finite type), we prove that both effective dynamics capture the long-term behaviour of the system: existence of a unique asymptotic state for them implies the same property for the respective exact dynamics--provided that the perturbation parameter is sufficiently small. The zero-th order term in a power series expansion in the perturbation parameter of such an asymptotic state is given by the asymptotic state of the effective dynamics. We conclude by working out the case in which the small system and the chain element are spins.
description: Final version accepted in J. Stat. Phys., some proofs corrected. 18 pages, no figures
Co-management in Land Demarcation to Reduce Forest Utilization Conflicts: A Case Study of Mae Tia-Mae Tae Watershed,Chom thong District, Chiang Mai Province
Creators: name: Wittaya Nawapramote, Sidthinat Prabudhanitisarn
Publisher: name: คณะสิ่งแวดล้อมและทรัพยากรศาสตร์
Year: 2014
Subjects: Co-management, Land demarcation,Land use conflict,Holistic

description: 2, 12, Environment and Natural Resources Journal
FINANCIAL STABILITY OF THE ENTERPRISE AND EFFICIENCY OF ITS MANAGEMENT
Creators: name: Kilichev, Alisher
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: In the conditions of development of market relations, the financial stability of an enterprise as an object of management acquires particular relevance. Based on the current economic conditions, the study of the process of ensuring the financial stability of an enterprise requires an integrated approach to the study, the development of a conceptual framework for managing it as a set of theoretical and methodological provisions that are currently not sufficiently studied in depth. This paper formulates the main conceptual provisions, principles, and functions of managing the financial stability of an enterprise in the context of integration processes in a market environment.
Competing electronic instabilities in the quadruple perovskite manganite PbMn$_{7}$O$_{12}$
Creators: name: Johnson, R. D.
name: Khalyavin, D. D.
name: Manuel, P.
name: Belik, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Structural behaviour of PbMn$_{7}$O$_{12}$ has been studied by high resolution synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction. This material belongs to a family of quadruple perovskite manganites that exhibit an incommensurate structural modulation associated with an orbital density wave. It has been found that the structural modulation in PbMn$_{7}$O$_{12}$ onsets at 294 K with the incommensurate propagation vector $\mathbf{k}_s=(0,0,\sim2.08)$. At 110 K another structural transition takes place where the propagation vector suddenly drops down to a \emph{quasi}-commensurate value $\mathbf{k}_s=(0,0,2.0060(6))$. The \emph{quasi}-commensurate phase is stable in the temperature range of 40K - 110 K, and below 40 K the propagation vector jumps back to the incommensurate value $\mathbf{k}_s=(0,0,\sim2.06)$. Both low temperature structural transitions are strongly first order with large thermal hysteresis. The orbital density wave in the \emph{quasi}-commensurate phase has been found to be substantially suppressed in comparison with the incommensurate phases, which naturally explains unusual magnetic behaviour recently reported for this perovskite. Analysis of the refined structural parameters revealed that that the presence of the \emph{quasi}-commensurate phase is likely to be associated with a competition between the Pb$^{2+}$ lone electron pair and Mn$^{3+}$ Jahn-Teller instabilities.
Machine Learning for Predicting Thermal Transport Properties of Solids
Creators: name: Qian, Xin
name: Yang, Ronggui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantitative descriptions of the structure-thermal property correlation have been a bottleneck in designing materials with superb thermal properties. In the past decade, the first-principles phonon calculations using density functional theory and the Boltzmann transport equation have become a common practice for predicting the thermal conductivity of new materials. However, first-principles calculations are too costly for high-throughput material screening and multi-scale structural design. First-principles calculations also face several fundamental challenges in modeling thermal transport properties, e.g., of crystalline materials with defects, of amorphous materials, and for materials at high temperatures. In the past five years, machine learning started to play a role in solving these challenges. This review provides a comprehensive summary and discussion on the state-of-the-art, future opportunities, and the remaining challenges in implementing machine learning for studying thermal conductivity. After an introduction to the working principles of machine learning and descriptors of material structures, recent research using machine learning to study thermal transport is discussed. Three major applications of machine learning for predicting thermal properties are discussed. First, machine learning is applied to solve the challenges in modeling phonon transport of crystals with defects, in amorphous materials, and at high temperatures. Machine learning is used to build high-fidelity interatomic potentials to bridge the gap between first-principles calculations and molecular dynamics simulations. Second, machine learning can be used to study the correlation between thermal conductivity and other properties for high-throughput materials screening. Finally, machine learning is a powerful tool for structural design to achieve target thermal conductance or thermal conductivity.
description: This review article has been accepted by Materials Science & Engineering R (MSE-R)
Ambiguities in the hadro-chemical freeze-out of Au+Au collisions at SIS18 energies and how to resolve them
Creators: name: Motornenko, Anton
name: Steinheimer, Jan
name: Vovchenko, Volodymyr
name: Stock, Reinhard
name: Stoecker, Horst
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermal fit to preliminary HADES data of Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=2.4$ GeV shows two degenerate solutions at $T\approx50$ MeV and $T\approx70$ MeV. The analysis of the same particle yields in a transport simulation of the UrQMD model yields the same features, i.e. two distinct temperatures for the chemical freeze-out. While both solutions yield the same number of hadrons after resonance decays, the feeddown contribution is very different for both cases. This highlights that two systems with different chemical composition can yield the same multiplicities after resonance decays. The nature of these two minima is further investigated by studying the time-dependent particle yields and extracted thermodynamic properties of the UrQMD model. It is confirmed, that the evolution of the high temperature solution resembles cooling and expansion of a hot and dense fireball. The low temperature solution displays an unphysical evolution: heating and compression of matter with a decrease of entropy. These results imply that the thermal model analysis of systems produced in low energy nuclear collisions is ambiguous but can be interpreted by taking also the time evolution and resonance contributions into account.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 1 of Cannabis-related information sources among US residents: A probability-weighted nationally representative survey
Creators: name: Boehnke, Kevin F.
name: Smith, Tristin
name: Elliott, Michael R.
name: Wilson-Poe, Adrianne R.
name: Kruger, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1
3D Parameter Maps of Red Clump Stars in the Milky Way -- Absolute Magnitudes and Intrinsic Colors
Creators: name: Wang, Shu
name: Chen, Xiaodian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Red clump stars (RCs) are useful tracers of distances, extinction, chemical abundances, and Galactic structures and kinematics. Accurate estimation of the RC parameters -- absolute magnitude and intrinsic color -- is the basis for obtaining high-precision RC distances. By combining astrometric data from Gaia, spectroscopic data from APOGEE and LAMOST, and multi-band photometric data from Gaia, APASS, Pan-STARRS1, 2MASS, and WISE surveys, we use the Gaussian process regression to train machine learners to derive the multi-band absolute magnitudes $M_λ$ and intrinsic colors $(λ_1-λ_2)_0$ for each spectral RC. The dependence of $M_λ$ on metallicity decreases from optical to infrared bands, while the dependence of $M_λ$ on age is relatively similar in each band. $(λ_1-λ_2)_0$ are more affected by metallicity than age. The RC parameters are not suitable to be represented by simple constants but are related to the Galactic stellar population structure. By analyzing the variation of $M_λ$ and $(λ_1-λ_2)_0$ in the spatial distribution, we construct $(R, z)$ dependent maps of mean absolute magnitudes and mean intrinsic colors of the Galactic RCs. Through external and internal validation, we find that using three-dimensional (3D) parameter maps to determine RC parameters avoids systematic bias and reduces dispersion by about 20% compared to using constant parameters. Based on Gaia's EDR3 parallax, our 3D parameter maps, and extinction-distance profile selection, we obtain a photometric RC sample containing 11 million stars with distance and extinction measurements.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Additional file 1 of Hypertension in India: a gender-based study of prevalence and associated risk factors
Creators: name: Mohammad, Raza
name: Bansod, Dhananjay W.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Nonperturbative interaction effects in the thermodynamics of disordered wires
Creators: name: Pesin, D. A.
name: Andreev, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study nonperturbative interaction corrections to the thermodynamic quantities of multichannel disordered wires in the presence of the Coulomb interactions. Within the replica nonlinear $σ$-model (NL$σ$M) formalism, they arise from nonperturbative soliton saddle points of the NL$σ$M action. The problem is reduced to evaluating the partition function of a replicated classical one dimensional Coulomb gas. The state of the latter depends on two parameters: the number of transverse channels in the wire, N_{ch}, and the dimensionless conductance, G(L_T), of a wire segment of length equal to the thermal diffusion length, L_T. At relatively high temperatures, $G(L_T) \gtrsim \ln N_{ch} $, the gas is dimerized, i.e. consists of bound neutral pairs. At lower temperatures, $\ln N_{ch} \gtrsim G(L_T) \gtrsim 1$, the pairs overlap and form a Coulomb plasma. The crossover between the two regimes occurs at a parametrically large conductance $G(L_T) \sim \ln N_{ch}$, and may be studied independently from the perturbative effects. Specializing to the high temperature regime, we obtain the leading nonperturbative correction to the wire heat capacity. Its ratio to the heat capacity for noninteracting electrons, C_0, is $δC/C_0\sim N_{ch}G^2(L_T)e^{-2G(L_T)}$.
description: 18 pages
title: A study of horizontal and down hill two-phase oil-water flow
title: Study of horizontal and downhill two-phase oil-water flow
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Cox, Alden Leroy
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: Two-phase flow
subject: Petroleum pipelines
subject: Pipelines--Hydrodynamics
subject: Hydraulics
subject: Petroleum engineering

description: Concurrent oil and water flow in inclined pipes is a common occurrence in deviated wells and production gathering systems. To predict properties associated with non-emulsified oil and water flow such as pressure gradient, two-phase flow correlations developed for gas-liquid flow or average flow properties of the oil and water must be used. The objective of this work was to study water holdup (water holdup defined as the in-situ fraction of the pipe occupied by water), and see what, if any, parameters have an effect on its magnitude. Flow pattern formation was also studied to determine its effect on holdup. The oil-water flow experiments were conducted with a flow loop constructed of 2 inch ID clean plastic pipe using a wide range of oil and water flow rates and involving inclination angles of 0, -15 and -30 degrees from horizontal. For each set of flowing conditions, the system was allowed to reach steady-state, then the flow regime was observed and the water holdup was measured. From the experiments, the flow regimes associated with oil-water flow differed greatly from flow regimes encountered with gas-liquid flow. It seems apparent that when comparing experimental flow regime data with modified and established gas-liquid dimensionless parameters there exists no meaningful correlation. Holdup data obtained indicates that it does vary according to certain parameters which include pipe inclination, flow patterns, and input fraction of water
Dynein-inspired multilane exclusion process with open boundary conditions
Creators: name: Nandi, Riya
name: Tauber, Uwe C
name: Priyanka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the sidewise motions of dynein motors shown in experiments, we use a variant of the exclusion process to model the multistep dynamics of dyneins on a cylinder with open ends. Due to the varied step sizes of the particles in a quasi-two-dimensional topology, we observe the emergence of a novel phase diagram depending on the various load conditions. Under high-load conditions, our numerical findings yield results similar to the TASEP model with the presence of all three standard TASEP phases, namely the low-density (LD), high-density (HD), and maximal-current (MC) phases. However, for medium- to low-load conditions, for all chosen influx and outflux rates, we only observe the LD and HD phases, and the maximal-current phase disappears. Further, we also measure the dynamics for a single dynein particle which is logarithmically slower than a TASEP particle with a shorter waiting time. Our results also confirm experimental observations of the dwell time distribution. The dwell time distribution for dyneins is exponential in less crowded conditions, whereas a double exponential emerges under overcrowded conditions.
The experience of unemployment for learning disabled young adults
Creators: name: Hansen, Lisa D.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This research study explores the experience of unemployment from the vantage point of learning disabled young adults. Thirteen learning disabled people in their twenties were interviewed utilizing a phenomenological/critical incident methodology. This methodology was utilized so as to obtain qualitative data from the perspective of the learning disabled person. The findings yielded information on the unique features of the psychological process of unemployment. The results indicate the unemployment experience begins earlier and extends further than for other non-disabled young adults. For learning disabled young adults, the roots to a history of unemployment lie within the school system. Programming within this system has failed to meet the special needs of learning disabled persons in vocational and academic areas. Termination of the unemployment experience does not necessarily coincide with securing a position within the workforce. Frequently, the learning disabled person has difficulty maintaining a position due to skill deficits. Hence, what often occurs is a series of short term positions. The result is a sporadic work history. In conclusion, it is suggested that a comprehensive list of services offered to the learning disabled would assist in increasing the opportunity for long term employment. These services in part include modifications to existing programmes for unemployment adults and psychological counselling.