cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Principle-driven Fiber Transmission Model based on PINN Neural Network
Creators: name: Zang, Yubin
name: Yu, Zhenming
name: Xu, Kun
name: Lan, Xingzeng
name: Chen, Minghua
name: Yang, Sigang
name: Chen, Hongwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, a novel principle-driven fiber transmission model based on physical induced neural network (PINN) is proposed. Unlike data-driven models which regard fiber transmission problem as data regression tasks, this model views it as an equation solving problem. Instead of adopting input signals and output signals which are calculated by SSFM algorithm in advance before training, this principle-driven PINN based fiber model adopts frames of time and distance as its inputs and the corresponding real and imaginary parts of NLSE solutions as its outputs. By taking into account of pulses and signals before transmission as initial conditions and fiber physical principles as NLSE in the design of loss functions, this model will progressively learn the transmission rules. Therefore, it can be effectively trained without the data labels, referred as the pre-calculated signals after transmission in data-driven models. Due to this advantage, SSFM algorithm is no longer needed before the training of principle-driven fiber model which can save considerable time consumption. Through numerical demonstration, the results show that this principle-driven PINN based fiber model can handle the prediction tasks of pulse evolution, signal transmission and fiber birefringence for different transmission parameters of fiber telecommunications.
Predictions for LISA and PTA based on SHARK galaxy simulations
Creators: name: Curyło, Małgorzata
name: Bulik, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present our analysis of a set of populations of massive black hole (MBH) binaries generated in the recent semi-analytic model of galaxy evolution (SHARK). We focus on studying gravitational wave (GW) emission produced during MBH mergers in terms of their detectability with current and future detectors, namely, Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTAs) and Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). The key advantage of SHARK is that it provides a way to explore a number of distinct models of MBH and galaxy evolution processes within a consistent framework and it was also successfully tested against current constraints from electromagnetic observations. In our work, we studied 12 models that vary in terms of their MBH seed formation scenarios and we tested two different MBH growth and feedback models. Based on our estimates, we find that LISA will be able to detect several to several tens of merger events per year for the most and least massive seed scenarios, respectively. We also show that the strength of this relation depends on the MBH growth model, where in the most extreme case, we find twice as many detected events for the same initial seed masses. Finally, we estimated the amplitude of the GW background at nHz frequencies to be on the order of $1.4\cdot10^{-16} - 1.1\cdot10^{-15}$. This value depends solely on the time delay between the merger of galaxies and their MBHs.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, v2, Accepted in A&A
The Consequences of Dissimilation in Sundanese
Creators: name: Cohn, Abigail C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1992

description: We have examined in some detail the formal properties of the plural marker =ar= of
 Sundanese. We have considered both its behavior as an infix and the allomorphic
 alternation between the =ar= and =al= variants. The unusual property of the plural marker,
 whereby it usually appears as an infix, but can also occur as a prefix, results in maximizing
 preferred syllable types. Its placement is accounted for straightforwardly within a moraic framework, in which the affix is located before the first mora of the root. The allomorphy of the plural marker involves both assimilation and dissimilation, accounted for in the proposed analysis by three rules: /r/ Dissimilation Lateral Node Merger and Lateral Assimilation. The facts of Sundanese are compatible with the current view of dissimilation as delinking and subsequent feature fill in. Yet Sundanese provides strong evidence that dissimilation does not always result in less marked segments as had been previously suggested. Furthermore the case of Sundanese lends further support in favor of Contrastive Underspecification, rather than Radical Underspecification. Finally, examination of the general phonological patterns of Sundanese reveals that Sundanese offers clear support for the view that dissimilation is an OCP driven process, in that both the rule of /r/ Dissimilation and more general phonotactic patterns behave alike.
description: This paper is copyrighted, and is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) - see https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Toxicity of acidization fluids used in California oil exploration
Creators: name: Khadeeja Abdullah
name: Malloy, Timothy
name: Stenstrom, Michael K.
name: I. H. (Mel) Suffet
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: There has been considerable public interest regarding the toxicity of chemicals used in hydraulic fracturing, but little is known about its sister technique, acidizing. Little to no research has been done on what the chemicals of acidization are and what impact they could have on humans and the environment. This paper discusses the differences between three acidizing techniques (acid maintenance, matrix acidization, and acid fracturing) and quantifies the amounts of the chemicals used for each. Washington State's Quick Chemical Assessment Tool is used to identify F-graded toxins, which are known carcinogens, mutagens, reproductive toxins, developmental toxins, endocrine disruptors, or high acute toxicity chemicals. The analysis of the present data shows that there have been over 600 instances of acidizing in urbanized Southern and Central California from April 2013 to August 2015. Although most of the chemicals of acidizing are similar to hydraulic fracturing, those used most frequently are different. There are close to 200 specific chemicals used in acidization, with at least 28 of them being F-graded hazardous chemicals. Some are used frequently in the range of 100–1000 kg per treatment, such as hydrofluoric acid, xylene, diethylene glycol, and ethyl benzene. Close to 90 more chemicals are identified using non-specific names as trade secrets or reported with no quantity. Unlike hydraulic fracturing the chemical concentrations in acidizing are high, ranging from 6% to 18%, and the waste returns can be highly acidic, in the range of pH 0–3. With this paper it is hoped that acidization becomes part of the larger discussion on concerns with oil exploration and be evaluated by appropriate authorities.
Observing dynamical currents in a non-Hermitian momentum lattice
Creators: name: Rosa-Medina, Rodrigo
name: Ferri, Francesco
name: Finger, Fabian
name: Dogra, Nishant
name: Kroeger, Katrin
name: Lin, Rui
name: Chitra, R.
name: Donner, Tobias
name: Esslinger, Tilman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the experimental realization and detection of dynamical currents in a spin-textured lattice in momentum space. Collective tunneling is implemented via cavity-assisted Raman scattering of photons by a spinor Bose-Einstein condensate into an optical cavity. The photon field inducing the tunneling processes is subject to cavity dissipation, resulting in effective directional dynamics in a non-Hermitian setting. We observe that the individual tunneling events are superradiant in nature and locally resolve them in the lattice by performing real-time, frequency-resolved measurements of the leaking cavity field. The results can be extended to a regime exhibiting a cascade of currents and simultaneous coherences between multiple lattice sites, where numerical simulations provide further understanding of the dynamics. Our observations showcase dynamical tunneling in momentum-space lattices and provide prospects to realize dynamical gauge fields in driven-dissipative settings.
Antiviral effects of black raspberry (Rubus coreanus) seed extract and its polyphenolic compounds on norovirus surrogates
Creators: name: Lee, Ji-Hye
name: Bae, Sun Young
name: Oh, Mi
name: Seok, Jong Hyeon
name: Sella Kim
name: Chung, Yeon Bin
name: Giri Gowda K
name: Mun, Ji Young
name: Chung, Mi Sook
name: Kim, Kyung Hyun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Black raspberry seeds, a byproduct of wine and juice production, contain large quantities of polyphenolic compounds. The antiviral effects of black raspberry seed extract (RCS) and its fraction with molecular weight less than 1 kDa (RCS-F1) were examined against food-borne viral surrogates, murine norovirus-1 (MNV-1) and feline calicivirus-F9 (FCV-F9). The maximal antiviral effect was achieved when RCS or RCS-F1 was added simultaneously to cells with MNV-1 or FCV-F9, reaching complete inhibition at 0.1–1 mg/mL. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images showed enlarged viral capsids or disruption (from 35 nm to up to 100 nm) by RCS-F1. Our results thus suggest that RCS-F1 can interfere with the attachment of viral surface protein to host cells. Further, two polyphenolic compounds derived from RCS-F1, cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) and gallic acid, identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, showed inhibitory effects against the viruses. C3G was suggested to bind to MNV-1 RNA polymerase and to enlarge viral capsids using differential scanning fluorimetry and TEM, respectively. RCS-F1 derived from black raspberry seed and its component C3G were found to inhibit noroviral replication using PCR, DSF, and TEM studies.
A thirteen-year-long broadband view of BL Lac
Creators: name: Sahakyan, N.
name: Giommi, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of an extensive analysis of the optical, ultraviolet, X-ray and $γ$-ray data collected from the observations of the BL Lac objects prototype BL Lacertae carried out over a period of nearly 13 years, between August 2008 and March 2021. The source is characterized by strongly variable emission at all frequencies, often accompanied by spectral changes. In the $γ$-ray band several prominent flares have been detected, the largest one reaching the flux of $F_{\rm γ}(>196.7\: {\rm MeV})=(4.39\pm1.01)\times10^{-6}\:{\rm photon\:cm^{-2}\:s^{-1}}$. The X-ray spectral variability of the source during the brightest flare on MJD 59128.18 (06 October 2020) was characterized by a softer-when-brighter trend due to a shift of the synchrotron peak to $\sim 10^{16}$ Hz, well into the HBL domain. The widely changing multiwavelength emission of BL Lacertae was systematically investigated by fitting leptonic models that include synchrotron self-Compton and external Compton components to 511 high-quality and quasi-simultaneous broad-band spectral energy distributions (SEDs). The majority of selected SEDs can be adequately fitted within a one-zone model with reasonable parameters. Only 46 SEDs with soft and bright X-ray spectra and when the source was observed in very high energy $γ$-ray bands can be explained in a two-zone leptonic scenario. The HBL behaviour observed during the brightest X-ray flare is interpreted as due to the emergence of synchrotron emission from freshly accelerated particles in a second emission zone located beyond the broad line region.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Archarius (Archarius) excellens
Creators: name: Ghahari, Hassan
name: Colonnelli, Enzo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Archarius
Archarius excellens

description: Archarius (Archarius) excellens (Iablokov-Khnzorian, 1953)
 Material examined: Province of Guilan: Rasht, 39 m, 37°16'N 49°42'E, (1), June 2010.
  Distribution: Armenia (Caldara 2013); Iran (Ghahari & Arzanov 2012b, as Curculio excellens).
description: Published as part of Ghahari, Hassan & Colonnelli, Enzo, 2015, Contribution to the knowledge of the weevil fauna from the province of Guilan, northern Iran (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)., pp. 317-324 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 13 on page 318, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12714932
The $μ\to eγ$ decay in an EW-scale non-sterile RH neutrino model
Creators: name: Dinh, D. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study in this research the phenomenology of $μ\to eγ$ decay in a scenario of the class of extended models with non-sterile right-handed (RH) neutrino at electroweak (EW) scale proposed by P.Q. Hung. Field content of the standard model (SM) is enlarged by introducing for each SM fermion a corresponding mirror partner with the same quantum numbers beside opposite chirality. Light neutrino masses are generated via the type-I see-saw mechanism and it is also proved to be relevant with low energy within the EW scale of the RH neutrino masses. We introduce the model and derive branching ratio of the $μ\to eγ$ decay at one-loop approximation with the participation of W gauge boson, neutral and singly charged Higgs scalars. After that we set constraints on relevant parameters and predict the sensitivities of the decay channel under the present and future experiments.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures
Black to white transition of a charged black hole
Creators: name: Rignon-Bret, Antoine
name: Rovelli, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an exact solution of the Maxwell-Einstein equations, which describes the exterior of a charged spherical mass collapsing into its own trapping horizon and then bouncing back from an anti-trapping horizon at the same space location of the same asymptotic region. The solution is locally but not globally isometric to the maximally extended Reissner-Nordström metric and depends on seven parameters. It is regular, and defined everywhere except for a small region, where quantum tunnelling is expected. This region lies outside the mass: the mass-bounce and its near exterior are governed by classical general relativity. We discuss the relevance of this result for the fate of realistic black holes. We comment on possible effects of the classical instabilities and the Hawking radiation.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures
Axion Quality Problem Alleviated by Non-Minimal Coupling to Gravity
Creators: name: Hamaguchi, Koichi
name: Kanazawa, Yoshiki
name: Nagata, Natsumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Global symmetries are expected to be violated by gravity, which may cause a serious problem to models based on these symmetries. A famous example is the Peccei-Quinn solution to the strong CP problem in QCD axion models; it requires a global U(1) symmetry to be respected with high quality, and even the Planck-scale suppressed operators that violate the U(1) symmetry would spoil this solution. Indeed, it is known that gravitational instantons do break the U(1) Peccei-Quinn symmetry and induce the U(1)-violating operators, bringing back the strong CP problem to the axion models. This conclusion is, however, dependent highly on the structure of the theory around the Planck scale and, therefore, may be evaded if we go beyond the minimal setup. In this paper, we study the effect of a non-minimal coupling of the Peccei-Quinn field to gravity, $ξ$, on the gravitational instanton effect. This setup is frequently considered in cosmology as it can realize a successful inflation if $ξ\lesssim 10^5$. We find that the U(1)-breaking effect of the gravitational instantons can sufficiently be suppressed for $ξ\gtrsim 2 \times 10^3$, which suggests that the U(1) symmetry may be maintained with high quality even in the presence of gravity. Our result thus points to a new way to avoid the quality problem of global symmetries.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Archarius (Archarius) pyrrhoceras
Creators: name: Ghahari, Hassan
name: Colonnelli, Enzo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Archarius
Archarius pyrrhoceras

description: Archarius (Archarius) pyrrhoceras (Marsham, 1802)   Material examined: Province ofGuilan: Masal, 70 m, 3 7°23′N 49°00′E, (3), August 2 007; Astara,
 - 19 m, 38°20′N 48°46′E, (3), September 2011.
 Distribution: Europe, Mediterranean countries of northern Africa and west Asia (Caldara 2013).
description: Published as part of Ghahari, Hassan & Colonnelli, Enzo, 2015, Contribution to the knowledge of the weevil fauna from the province of Guilan, northern Iran (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)., pp. 317-324 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 13 on page 318, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12714932
Tychius (Tychius) breviusculus Desbrochers 1873
Creators: name: Ghahari, Hassan
name: Colonnelli, Enzo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Tychius
Tychius breviusculus

description: Tychius (Tychius) breviusculus Desbrochers, 1873
 Material examined: Province of Guilan: AsAleM, 46 M, 37°43′N 48°57′E, (1), August 2011. Distribution: Palaearctic region (Caldara 2013) .
description: Published as part of Ghahari, Hassan & Colonnelli, Enzo, 2015, Contribution to the knowledge of the weevil fauna from the province of Guilan, northern Iran (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)., pp. 317-324 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 13 on page 318, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12714932
Tychius (Tychius) consputus Kiesenwetter 1864
Creators: name: Ghahari, Hassan
name: Colonnelli, Enzo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Tychius
Tychius consputus

description: Tychius (Tychius) consputus Kiesenwetter, 1864
 Material examined: Province of Guilan: Hashtpar, 46 m, 37°48′N 48°54′E, (2), June 2012. Distribution: Mediterranean countries (Caldara 2013); Iran (Ghahari & Arzanov 2012a).
description: Published as part of Ghahari, Hassan & Colonnelli, Enzo, 2015, Contribution to the knowledge of the weevil fauna from the province of Guilan, northern Iran (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)., pp. 317-324 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 13 on page 318, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12714932
Disordered boundaries destroy bulk phase separation in scalar active matter
Creators: name: Dor, Ydan Ben
name: Ro, Sunghan
name: Kafri, Yariv
name: Kardar, Mehran
name: Tailleur, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that disordered boundaries destroy bulk phase separation in scalar active systems in dimension $d
description: 18 pages, 11 figures
Tychius (Tychius) flavus Becker 1864
Creators: name: Ghahari, Hassan
name: Colonnelli, Enzo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Tychius
Tychius flavus

description: Tychius (Tychius) flavus Becker, 1864
 Material examined: Province of Guilan: RezVAnshAhr, 5 M, 37°32′N 48°57′E, (2), August 2011. Distribution: Europe, western and central Asia (Caldara 2013) .
description: Published as part of Ghahari, Hassan & Colonnelli, Enzo, 2015, Contribution to the knowledge of the weevil fauna from the province of Guilan, northern Iran (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)., pp. 317-324 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 13 on page 318, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12714932
Dynamics of nondegenerate solitons in long-wave short-wave resonance interaction system
Creators: name: Stalin, S.
name: Ramakrishnan, R.
name: Lakshmanan, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the dynamics of an interesting class of vector solitons in the long wave-short wave resonance interaction (LSRI) system. The model that we consider here describes the nonlinear interaction of the long-wave and two-short waves and it generically appears in several physical settings. To derive this class of nondegenerate vector soliton solutions we adopt the Hirota bilinear method with the more general form of admissible seed solutions with nonidentical distinct propagation constants. We express the resultant fundamental as well as multi-soliton solutions in a compact way using Gram-determinants. The general fundamental vector soliton solution possesses several interesting properties. For instance, the double-hump or a single-hump profile structure including a special flattop profile form results in when the soliton propagates in all the components with identical velocities. Interestingly, in the case of nonidentical velocities, the soliton number is increased to two in the long-wave (LW) component, while a single-humped soliton propagates in the two short-wave (SW) components. We establish through a detailed analysis that the nondegenerate multi-solitons in contrast to the already known vector solitons (with identical wave numbers) can undergo three types of elastic collision scenarios: (i) shape preserving, (ii) shape altering, and (iii) a novel shape changing collision, depending on the choice of the soliton parameters. In addition, we point out the coexistence of nondegenerate and degenerate solitons simultaneously along with the associated physical consequences. We also indicate the physical realizations of these general vector solitons in nonlinear optics, hydrodynamics, and Bose-Einstein condensates. Our results are generic and they will be useful in these physical systems and other closely related systems including plasma physics.
description: Accepted for Publication in Physical Review E (2022)
Measurement of the nuclear modification factor for muons from charm and bottom hadrons in Pb+Pb collisions at 5.02 TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heavy-flavour hadron production provides information about the transport properties and microscopic structure of the quark-gluon plasma created in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. A measurement of the muons from semileptonic decays of charm and bottom hadrons produced in Pb+Pb and $pp$ collisions at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider is presented. The Pb+Pb data were collected in 2015 and 2018 with sampled integrated luminosities of $208~\mathrm{μb}^{-1}$ and $38~\mathrm{μb^{-1}}$, respectively, and $pp$ data with a sampled integrated luminosity of $1.17~\mathrm{pb}^{-1}$ were collected in 2017. Muons from heavy-flavour semileptonic decays are separated from the light-flavour hadronic background using the momentum imbalance between the inner detector and muon spectrometer measurements, and muons originating from charm and bottom decays are further separated via the muon track's transverse impact parameter. Differential yields in Pb+Pb collisions and differential cross sections in $pp$ collisions for such muons are measured as a function of muon transverse momentum from 4 GeV to 30 GeV in the absolute pseudorapidity interval $|η| < 2$. Nuclear modification factors for charm and bottom muons are presented as a function of muon transverse momentum in intervals of Pb+Pb collision centrality. The measured nuclear modification factors quantify a significant suppression of the yields of muons from decays of charm and bottom hadrons, with stronger effects for muons from charm hadron decays.
description: 38 pages in total, author list starting page 22, 7 figures, 1 tables, published by Phys. Lett. B. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HION-2019-58
Physics-integrated hybrid framework for model form error identification in nonlinear dynamical systems
Creators: name: Garg, Shailesh
name: Chakraborty, Souvik
name: Hazra, Budhaditya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For real-life nonlinear systems, the exact form of nonlinearity is often not known and the known governing equations are often based on certain assumptions and approximations. Such representation introduced model-form error into the system. In this paper, we propose a novel gray-box modeling approach that not only identifies the model-form error but also utilizes it to improve the predictive capability of the known but approximate governing equation. The primary idea is to treat the unknown model-form error as a residual force and estimate it using duel Bayesian filter based joint input-state estimation algorithms. For improving the predictive capability of the underlying physics, we first use machine learning algorithm to learn a mapping between the estimated state and the input (model-form error) and then introduce it into the governing equation as an additional term. This helps in improving the predictive capability of the governing physics and allows the model to generalize to unseen environment. Although in theory, any machine learning algorithm can be used within the proposed framework, we use Gaussian process in this work. To test the performance of proposed framework, case studies discussing four different dynamical systems are discussed; results for which indicate that the framework is applicable to a wide variety of systems and can produce reliable estimates of original system's states.
description: 23 pages
Neural networks and standard cosmography with newly calibrated high redshift GRB observations
Creators: name: Escamilla-Rivera, Celia
name: Carvajal, Maryi
name: Zamora, Cristian
name: Hendry, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) detected at high redshift can be used to trace the cosmic expansion history. However, the calibration of their luminosity distances is not an easy task in comparison to Type Ia Supernovae (SNeIa). To calibrate these data, correlations between their luminosity and other observed properties of GRBs need to be identified, and we must consider the validity of our assumptions about these correlations over their entire observed redshift range. In this work, we propose a new method to calibrate GRBs as cosmological distance indicators using SNeIa observations with a machine learning architecture. As well we include a new data GRB calibrated sample using extended cosmography in a redshift range above $z>3.6$. An overview of this machine learning technique was developed in [1] to study the evolution of dark energy models at high redshift. The aim of the method developed in this work is to combine two networks: a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) and a Bayesian Neural Network (BNN). Using this computational approach, denoted RNN+BNN, we extend the network's efficacy by adding the computation of covariance matrices to the Bayesian process. Once this is done, the SNeIa distance-redshift relation can be tested on the full GRB sample and therefore used to implement a cosmographic reconstruction of the distance-redshift relation in different regimes. Thus, our newly-trained neural network is used to constrain the parameters describing the kinematical state of the Universe via a cosmographic approach at high redshifts (up to $z\approx 10$), wherein we require a very minimal set of assumptions on the deep learning architecture itself that do not rely on dynamical equations for any specific theory of gravity.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures. Tables 1, 2 and 3 contains newly calibrated high redshift GRB. Version accepted in JCAP
Prediction of clearing temperatures of bent-core liquid crystals using decision trees and multivariate adaptive regression splines
Creators: name: Antanasijević, Jelena
name: Pocajt, Viktor
name: Antanasijević, Davor
name: Trišović, Nemanja
name: Fodor-Csorba, Katalin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Accurate prediction of transition temperature is very helpful for the design of new liquid crystals (LCs) because even small changes in structure can dramatically alter the transition temperature, and therefore the synthesis of LCs should not be governed only by chemical intuition. A quantitative structure–property relationship (QSPR) study was performed on 243 five-ring bent-core LCs in order to predict their clearing temperatures using molecular descriptors. Decision tree and multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS), techniques well suited for high-dimensional data analysis, were applied to select important descriptors (dimension reduction) and to generate nonlinear models. These techniques were applied both on two-dimensional (2D) descriptors only and on the pool of 2D and 3D descriptors (2&3D). The obtained QSPR models were tested using 15% of available data, and their performance and ability to generalise were analysed using multiple statistical metrics. The best results for the external test set were obtained using the MARS model created with 2&3D descriptors, with a high correlation coefficient of r = 0.95 and a root mean squared error of 7.41 K. All metrics suggest that the proposed QSPR model, generated by MARS, is a robust and satisfactorily accurate approach for the prediction of clearing temperatures of bent-core LCs.
Tychius (Tychius) grenieri C. Brisout 1862
Creators: name: Ghahari, Hassan
name: Colonnelli, Enzo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Tychius
Tychius grenieri

description: Tychius (Tychius) grenieri C. Brisout, 1862
 Material examined: Province of Guilan: Masal, 70 m, 37 °23′N 49°00′E, (3), August 2007; Hashtpar, 46 m, 37°48′N 48°54′E, (2), June 2012 .
 Distribution: Algeria, Armenia, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Egypt, France, Georgia, Israel, Italy, Libya, Malta, Macedonia, Morocco, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Syria, Tunisia, Turkmenia, Yemen (Caldara 2013); Iran (Ghahari & Arzanov 2012a).
description: Published as part of Ghahari, Hassan & Colonnelli, Enzo, 2015, Contribution to the knowledge of the weevil fauna from the province of Guilan, northern Iran (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)., pp. 317-324 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 13 on pages 318-319, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12714932
Tychius (Tychius) picirostris
Creators: name: Ghahari, Hassan
name: Colonnelli, Enzo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Tychius
Tychius picirostris

description: Tychius (Tychius) picirostris (Fabricius, 1787)
 Material examined: Province of Guilan: RezVAnshAhr, 5 M, 37°32′N 48°57′E, (1), August 2011. Distribution: Holarctic (Caldara 2013) .
description: Published as part of Ghahari, Hassan & Colonnelli, Enzo, 2015, Contribution to the knowledge of the weevil fauna from the province of Guilan, northern Iran (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)., pp. 317-324 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 13 on page 319, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12714932
Fast and Robust Characterization of Dielectric Slabs Using Rectangular Waveguides
Creators: name: Wang, Xuchen
name: Tretyakov, Sergei A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Waveguide characterization of dielectric materials is a convenient and broadband approach for measuring dielectric constant. In conventional microwave measurements, material samples are usually mechanically shaped to fit the waveguide opening and measured in closed waveguides. This method is not practical for millimeter-wave and sub-millimeter-wave measurements where the waveguide openings become tiny, and it is rather difficult to shape the sample to exactly the same dimensions as the waveguide cross-section. In this paper, we present a method that allows one to measure arbitrarily shaped dielectric slabs that extend outside waveguides. In this method, the measured sample is placed between two waveguide flanges, creating a discontinuity. The measurement system is characterized as an equivalent Pi-circuit, and the circuit elements of the Pi-circuit are extracted from the scattering parameters. We have found that the equivalent shunt impedance of the measured sample is only determined by the material permittivity and is rather insensitive to the sample shape, position, sizes, and other structural details of the discontinuity. This feature can be leveraged for accurate measurements of permittivity. The proposed method is very useful for measuring the permittivity of medium-loss and high-loss dielectrics from microwave to sub-terahertz frequencies.
Celestial Holography: Lectures on Asymptotic Symmetries
Creators: name: Aneesh, P. B.
name: Compère, Geoffrey
name: de Gioia, Leonardo Pipolo
name: Mol, Igor
name: Swidler, Bianca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of these Lectures is to provide a brief overview of the subject of asymptotic symmetries of gauge and gravity theories in asymptotically flat spacetimes as background material for celestial holography.
description: 27 pages, typos corrected, to be published in SciPost
Ceutorhynchus sophiae Gyllenhal 1837
Creators: name: Ghahari, Hassan
name: Colonnelli, Enzo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Ceutorhynchus
Ceutorhynchus sophiae

description: Ceutorhynchus sophiae Gyllenhal, 1837
 Material examined: Province of Guilan: LAhiJAn, 4 M, 37°14′N 50°02′E, (2), August 2011. Distribution: Europe, western and central Asia (Colonnelli 2013) .
description: Published as part of Ghahari, Hassan & Colonnelli, Enzo, 2015, Contribution to the knowledge of the weevil fauna from the province of Guilan, northern Iran (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)., pp. 317-324 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 13 on page 319, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12714932
Brightest Cluster Galaxies Trace Weak Lensing Mass Bias and Halo Triaxiality in The Three Hundred Project
Creators: name: Herbonnet, Ricardo
name: Crawford, Adrian
name: Avestruz, Camille
name: Rasia, Elena
name: Giocoli, Carlo
name: Meneghetti, Massimo
name: von der Linden, Anja
name: Cui, Weiguang
name: Yepes, Gustavo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galaxy clusters have a triaxial matter distribution. The weak-lensing signal, an important part in cosmological studies, measures the projected mass of all matter along the line-of-sight, and therefore changes with the orientation of the cluster. Studies suggest that the shape of the brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) in the centre of the cluster traces the underlying halo shape, enabling a method to account for projection effects. We use 324 simulated clusters at four redshifts between 0.1 and 0.6 from `The Three Hundred Project' to quantify correlations between the orientation and shape of the BCG and the halo. We find that haloes and their embedded BCGs are aligned, with an average $\sim$20 degree angle between their major axes. The bias in weak lensing cluster mass estimates correlates with the orientation of both the halo and the BCG. Mimicking observations, we compute the projected shape of the BCG, as a measure of the BCG orientation, and find that it is most strongly correlated to the weak-lensing mass for relaxed clusters. We also test a 2-dimensional cluster relaxation proxy measured from BCG mass isocontours. The concentration of stellar mass in the projected BCG core compared to the total stellar mass provides an alternative proxy for the BCG orientation. We find that the concentration does not correlate to the weak-lensing mass bias, but does correlate with the true halo mass. These results indicate that the BCG shape and orientation for large samples of relaxed clusters can provide information to improve weak-lensing mass estimates.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, Figure 7 is key plot, Updated to match version accepted by MNRAS
Morphological Evolution of the Hosts of Far-Infrared/Submillimeter Galaxies
Creators: name: Ling, Chenxiaoji
name: Yan, Haojing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a host morphological study of 1266 far-infrared galaxies (FIRGs) and submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) in the Cosmic Evolution Survey field using the F160W and F814W images obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope. The FIRGs and SMGs are selected from the Herschel Multi-tiered Extragalactic Survey and the SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey, respectively. Their precise locations are based on the interferometry data from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array and the Very Large Array. These objects are mostly at $0.1\lesssim z\lesssim 3$. The SMGs can be regarded as the population at the high-redshift tail of the FIRGs. Most of our FIRGs/SMGs have a total infrared luminosity ($L_{\rm IR}$) in the regimes of luminous and ultraluminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs, $L_{\rm IR} = 10^{11-12}L_\odot$; ULIRGs, $L_{\rm IR}>10^{12}L_\odot$). The hosts of the SMG ULIRGs, FIRG ULIRGs, and FIRG LIRGs are of sufficient numbers to allow for detailed analysis, and they are only modestly different in their stellar masses. Their morphological types are predominantly disk galaxies (type D) and irregular/interacting systems (type Irr/Int). There is a morphological transition at $z\approx 1.25$ for the FIRG ULIRG hosts, above which the Irr/Int galaxies dominate and below which the D and Irr/Int galaxies have nearly the same contributions. The SMG ULIRG hosts seem to experience a similar transition. This suggests a shift in the relative importance of galaxy mergers/interactions versus secular gas accretions in "normal" disk galaxies as the possible triggering mechanisms of ULIRGs. The FIRG LIRG hosts are predominantly D galaxies over $z=$ 0.25--1.25, where they are of sufficient statistics.
description: ApJ in press. Minor changes were made to be in accordance with the accepted version as much as possible. Full catalogs as machine-readable tables available upon request
Helical Bragg gratings: experimental verification of light orbital angular momentum conversion
Creators: name: Okhrimchuk, A. G.
name: Likhov, V. V.
name: Vasiliev, S. A.
name: Pryamikov, A. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Structured light, in particular light possessing orbital angular momentum (OAM), has been actively studied in recent decades. Helical Bragg grating (HBG) is a reflecting optical element, which predicted to be able to convert the OAM of light in waveguides and fibers. However, the HBG has not been demonstrated experimentally yet. Here we report the first experimental manifestation of HBG created in the form of a waveguide with depressed-index cladding. Few-mode channel helical-depressed-cladding waveguides (HDCWs) have been written in a YAG crystal by a femtosecond laser beam. The HDCW pitches were comparable to near-IR wavelengths. The spectral and polarization characteristics of the transmitted and reflected light have been studied. It was shown that HDCWs behave like HBGs providing narrowband resonance coupling of the counter propagating modes, the OAM of the modes differing by the Bragg order or, what is the same, the topological charge of the helical cladding structure. Adjusting the HDCW parameters allows one to excite a reflected wave at the predetermined wavelength and with the predetermined OAM change with respect to the light coupled to the waveguide. Thus, for the first time, the HBGs suitable for the generation and filtration of the vortex light have been experimentally demonstrated. The experimental results obtained agree well with the coupled mode theory calculations.
Integrable hierarchies, Hurwitz numbers and a branch point field in critical topologically massive gravity
Creators: name: Mvondo-She, Yannick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss integrable aspects of the logarithmic contribution of the partition function of cosmological critical topologically massive gravity. On one hand, written in terms of Bell polynomials which describe the statistics of set partitions, the partition function of the logarithmic fields is a generating function of the potential Burgers hierarchy. On the other hand, the polynomial variables are solutions of the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation, and the partition function is a KP $τ$ function, making more precise the solitonic nature of the logarithmic fields being counted. We show that the partition function is a generating function of Hurwitz numbers, and derive its expression. The fact that the partition function is the generating function of branched coverings gives insight on the orbifold target space. We show that the logarithmic field $ψ^{new}_{μν}$ can be regarded as a branch point field associated to the branch point $μl =1$.
description: 21 pages, extended version, 2 figures added, references added
Subleading Bounds on Chaos
Creators: name: Kundu, Sandipan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chaos, in quantum systems, can be diagnosed by certain out-of-time-order correlators (OTOCs) that obey the chaos bound of Maldacena, Shenker, and Stanford (MSS). We begin by deriving a dispersion relation for this class of OTOCs, implying that they must satisfy many more constraints beyond the MSS bound. Motivated by this observation, we perform a systematic analysis obtaining an infinite set of constraints on the OTOC. This infinite set includes the MSS bound as the leading constraint. In addition, it also contains subleading bounds that are highly constraining, especially when the MSS bound is saturated by the leading term. These new bounds, among other things, imply that the MSS bound cannot be exactly saturated over any duration of time, however short. Furthermore, we derive a sharp bound on the Lyapunov exponent $λ_2 \le \frac{6π}β$ of the subleading correction to maximal chaos.
description: 35 pages, 5 figures; In v2 it has been clarified that the MSS bound and its generalizations can be derived from a weaker factorization assumption
Time-frequency analysis of microwave signals based on stimulated Brillouin scattering
Creators: name: Ma, Dong
name: Zuo, Pengcheng
name: Chen, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel photonic approach to the time-frequency analysis of microwave signals is proposed based on the stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS)-assisted frequency-to-time mapping (FTTM). Two types of time-frequency analysis links, namely parallel SBS link and time-division SBS link are proposed. The parallel SBS link can be utilized to perform real-time time-frequency analysis of microwave signal, which provides a promising solution for real-time time-frequency analysis, especially when it is combined with the photonic integration technique. A simulation is made to verify its feasibility by analyzing signals in multiple formats. The time-division SBS link has a simpler and reconfigurable structure, which can realize an ultra-high-resolution time-frequency analysis for periodic signals using the time segmentation and accumulation technique. An experiment is performed for the time-division SBS link. The multi-dimensional reconfigurability of the system is experimentally studied. An analysis bandwidth of 3.9 GHz, an analysis frequency up to 20 GHz, and a frequency resolution of 15 MHz are demonstrated, respectively.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures, 1 table
Ceutorhynchus subpilosus C. Brisout 1869
Creators: name: Ghahari, Hassan
name: Colonnelli, Enzo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Ceutorhynchus
Ceutorhynchus subpilosus

description: Ceutorhynchus subpilosus C. Brisout, 1869
 Material examined: Province of Guilan: Masal, 70 m, 37 °23′N 49°00′E, (1), August 2007; Hashtpar, 46 m, 37° 48′N 48°54′E, (1), June 2012 .
 Distribution: Armenia, Austria, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, France, Georgia, Greece, Italy, Moldova, Romania, Spain, Slovakia, Turkey, Ukraine (Colonnelli 2013); Iran (Ghahari & Arzanov 2012a).
description: Published as part of Ghahari, Hassan & Colonnelli, Enzo, 2015, Contribution to the knowledge of the weevil fauna from the province of Guilan, northern Iran (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)., pp. 317-324 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 13 on page 319, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12714932