cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mass Loss Evolution and the Formation of Detached Shells around TP-AGB Stars
Creators: name: Mattsson, Lars
name: Hoefner, Susanne
name: Herwig, Falk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of the so called 'detached shells' around AGB stars is not fully understood, but two common hypotheses state that these shells form either through the interaction of distinct wind phases or an eruptive mass loss associated with a He-shell flash. We present a model of the formation of detached shells around thermal pulse asymptotic giant branch (TP-AGB) stars, based on detailed modelling of mass loss and stellar evolution, leading to a combination of eruptive mass loss and wind interaction. The purpose of this paper is first of all to connect stellar evolution with wind and mass loss evolution and demonstrate its consistency with observations, but also to show how thin detached shells around TP-AGB stars can be formed. Previous attempts to link mass loss evolution with the formation of detached shells were based on approximate prescriptions for the mass loss and have not included detailed modelling of the wind formation as we do here. (abridged)
description: 16 pages, 15 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Obesità e steatosi epatica in ratti alimentati con dieta iperlipidica ed ipercalorica
Creators: name: Donizzetti, Immacolata
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2011

description: L’obesità è una malattia cronico degenerativa, causata da una combinazione di fattori: ereditari, genetici, metabolici, alimentari, culturali, sociali e psicologici.
Quantità eccessive di grasso corporeo costituiscono un pericolo per la salute, soprattutto per il rischio di insorgenza di alcune malattie, quali ipertensione arteriosa, malattie dell’apparato cardiocircolatorio, diabete, osteoporosi, steatosi epatica che nel complesso sono conosciute come sindrome metabolica Un bilancio energetico cronicamente positivo può comportare l’instaurarsi di uno stato di insulino-resistenza prima nel tessuto adiposo, ed in seguito in tutti i tessuti sensibili all’insulina. Se la capacità di espansione degli adipociti è bassa, questi divengono ipertrofici, questa ipertrofia rappresenta una possibile condizione di stress per la cellula, in particolare per il RE, che può attivare pathway metabolici che comportano insulino-resistenza, rilascio di proteine chemoattrattanti dei macrofagi, e se l’infiammazione persiste, la morte dell’adipocita. L’insulino–resistenza degli adipociti, caratterizzata da una bassa capacità liposintetica ed alta capacità lipolitica, causa un aumento in circolo di acidi grassi liberi, questi ultimi si accumulano in maniera ectopica in molti tessuti, tra cui il fegato, comportando lipotossicità ed insulino-resistenza. La disfunzione di alcuni importanti organelli cellulari può essere coinvolta nell’evoluzione della NAFLD (non alcoholic fatty liver disease), gli organelli maggiormente interessati sono il reticolo endoplasmatico ed i mitocondri. Il malfunzionamento del RE provoca la risposta UPR (risposta della proteina non-ripiegata) che è un meccanismo che tende a ripristinare l’omeostasi del RE comportando una condizione di ripresa dell’intera cellula. Se L’UPR fallisce la cellula andrà incontro all’apoptosi e verrà fagocitata dalle cellule di Kupffer ed altri fagociti attivati in situ dal rilascio di citochine. I mitocondri giocano un ruolo importante nel metabolismo della cellula, essendo il principale sito di ossidazione degli acidi grassi e della fosforilazione ossidativa e, al tempo stesso, il più importante sito cellulare di produzione di ROS. L’ eccessiva produzione di specie reattive dell’ossigeno (ROS) è uno dei possibili meccanismi che spiegano la disfunzione mitocondriale che si ritrova nella NAFLD. In queste condizioni  si hanno variazioni strutturali e funzionali sia nell’ambito del singolo mitocondrio sia a livello dell’intera rete mitocondriale, in cui i singoli elementi non sono più visti come organelli isolati ma in costante comunicazione fra loro tramite meccanismi di fusione e di fissione mitocondriale.
The spectroscopic binary system Gl 375. I. Orbital parameters and chromospheric activity
Creators: name: Díaz, Rodrigo F.
name: González, Jorge F.
name: Cincunegui, Carolina
name: Mauas, Pablo J. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spectroscopic binary system Gl 375. We employ medium resolution echelle spectra obtained at the 2.15 m telescope at the Argentinian observatory CASLEO and photometric observations obtained from the ASAS database. We separate the composite spectra into those corresponding to both components. The separated spectra allow us to confirm that the spectral types of both components are similar (dMe3.5) and to obtain precise measurements of the orbital period (P = 1.87844 days), minimum masses (M_1 sin^3 i = 0.35 M_sun and M_2 sin^3 i =0.33 M_sun) and other orbital parameters. The photometric observations exhibit a sinusoidal variation with the same period as the orbital period. We interpret this as signs of active regions carried along with rotation in a tidally synchronized system, and study the evolution of the amplitude of the modulation in longer timescales. Together with the mean magnitude, the modulation exhibits a roughly cyclic variation with a period of around 800 days. This periodicity is also found in the flux of the Ca II K lines of both components, which seem to be in phase. The periodic changes in the three observables are interpreted as a sign of a stellar activity cycle. Both components appear to be in phase, which implies that they are magnetically connected. The measured cycle of approximately 2.2 years (800 days) is consistent with previous determinations of activity cycles in similar stars.
description: 10 pages, including 11 figures and 3 tables. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
File S7 Reflections from Organizing the 2020 and 2021 Poster Sessions
Creators: name: Treibergs, Kira
name: Chodkowski, Nicole
name: Arcila Hernández, Lina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 130306 Educational Technology and Computing
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 130103 Higher Education

description: In our paper, we identify eight practices to be used in future in-person and virtual poster sessions that align with our goals of providing an accessible virtual poster session, with opportunities for networking and feedback. These suggestions could be useful for poster sessions organized by professional societies, and thus have the potential to enhance presenter and attendee experience broadly. Below we outline our specific reflections from designing and implementing our first virtual poster session in 2020 and from our second iteration of the session in 2021.
Age Determination of Six Intermediate-age SMC Star Clusters with HST/ACS
Creators: name: Glatt, Katharina
name: Grebel, Eva K.
name: Sabbi, Elena
name: Gallagher, John S.
name: Nota, Antonella
name: Sirianni, Marco
name: Clementini, Gisella
name: Tosi, Monica
name: Harbeck, Daniel
name: Koch, Andreas
name: Kayser, Andrea
name: Da Costa, Gary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a photometric analysis of the star clusters Lindsay 1, Kron 3, NGC339, NGC416, Lindsay 38, and NGC419 in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), observed with the Hubble Space Telescope Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) in the F555W and F814W filters. Our color magnitude diagrams (CMDs) extend ~3.5 mag deeper than the main-sequence turnoff points, deeper than any previous data. Cluster ages were derived using three different isochrone models: Padova, Teramo, and Dartmouth, which are all available in the ACS photometric system. Fitting observed ridgelines for each cluster, we provide a homogeneous and unique set of low-metallicity, single-age fiducial isochrones. The cluster CMDs are best approximated by the Dartmouth isochrones for all clusters, except for NGC419 where the Padova isochrones provided the best fit. The CMD of NGC419 shows several main-sequence turn-offs, which belong to the cluster and to the SMC field. We thus derive an age range of 1.2-1.6 Gyr for NGC419. Interestingly, our intermediate-age star clusters have a metallicity spread of ~0.6 dex, which demonstrates that the SMC does not have a smooth, monotonic age-metallicity relation. We find an indication for centrally concentrated blue straggler star candidates in NGC416, while for the other clusters these are not present. Using the red clump magnitudes, we find that the closest cluster, NGC419 (~50kpc), and the farthest cluster, Lindsay 38 (~67kpc), have a relative distance of ~17kpc, which confirms the large depth of the SMC.
description: 25 pages, 45 Figures
Gravitational anomalies: a recipe for Hawking radiation
Creators: name: Das, Saurya
name: Robinson, Sean P.
name: Vagenas, Elias C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the method of Robinson and Wilczek for deriving the Hawking temperature of a black hole. In this method, the Hawking radiation restores general covariance in an effective theory of near-horizon physics which otherwise exhibits a gravitational anomaly at the quantum level. The method has been shown to work for broad classes of black holes in arbitrary spacetime dimensions. These include static black holes, accreting or evaporating black holes, charged black holes, rotating black holes, and even black rings. In the case of charged and rotating black holes, the expected super-radiant current is also reproduced.
description: 7 pages; This essay received an "Honorable Mention" in the 2007 Essay Competition of the Gravity Research Foundation; (v2) Short comments and references added; (v3) Minor revisions and updated references to agree with published version
Fine-tuning criteria for inflation and the search for primordial gravitational waves
Creators: name: Bird, Simeon
name: Peiris, Hiranya V.
name: Easther, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit arguments that simple models of inflation with a small red tilt in the scalar power spectrum generically yield an observable tensor spectrum. We show that criteria for fine-tuning based upon the algebraic simplicity of the potential depend strongly upon the explicit assumptions they incorporate, particularly regarding the end of inflation. In addition, some models with algebraically simple potentials require carefully tuned initial field configurations, and not all types of fine-tuning are identifiable via the algebraic simplicity of the potential. Conversely, in the absence of a strong prior on the mechanism that ends inflation, we demonstrate the existence of potentials with vanishingly small tensor amplitudes which are natural in terms of both their algebraic form and initial conditions. We thus argue that proposed experiments (CMBPol or BBO) which make highly sensitive measurements of the tensor amplitude cannot definitively rule out the inflationary paradigm.
description: 14 pages, 20 figures, matches version published in PRD; references added
Mass and Density of Asteroid (16) Psyche
Creators: name: Siltala, Lauri
name: Granvik, Mikael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply our novel Markov-chain Monte Carlo (MCMC)-based algorithm for asteroid mass estimation to asteroid (16) Psyche, the target of NASA's eponymous Psyche mission, based on close encounters with 10 different asteroids, and obtain a mass of $(1.117 \pm 0.039) \times 10^{-11} $ solar masses. We ensure that our method works as expected by applying it to asteroids (1) Ceres and (4) Vesta, and find that the results are in agreement with the very accurate mass estimates for these bodies obtained by the Dawn mission. We then combine our mass estimate for Psyche with the most recent volume estimate to compute the corresponding bulk density as $(3.88 \pm 0.25)$ g/cm$^3$. The estimated bulk density rules out the possibility of Psyche being an exposed, solid iron core of a protoplanet, but is fully consistent with the recent hypothesis that ferrovolcanism would have occurred on Psyche.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 1 of Tenfold difference in DNA recovery rate: systematic comparison of whole blood vs. dried blood spot sample collection for malaria molecular surveillance
Creators: name: Holzschuh, Aurel
name: Koepfli, Cristian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. DNA extraction protocol and detailed data on parasite quantification using different assays.
Quantifying sources of uncertainty in drug discovery predictions with probabilistic models
Creators: name: Lazic, Stanley E.
name: Williams, Dominic P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Knowing the uncertainty in a prediction is critical when making expensive investment decisions and when patient safety is paramount, but machine learning (ML) models in drug discovery typically provide only a single best estimate and ignore all sources of uncertainty. Predictions from these models may therefore be over-confident, which can put patients at risk and waste resources when compounds that are destined to fail are further developed. Probabilistic predictive models (PPMs) can incorporate uncertainty in both the data and model, and return a distribution of predicted values that represents the uncertainty in the prediction. PPMs not only let users know when predictions are uncertain, but the intuitive output from these models makes communicating risk easier and decision making better. Many popular machine learning methods have a PPM or Bayesian analogue, making PPMs easy to fit into current workflows. We use toxicity prediction as a running example, but the same principles apply for all prediction models used in drug discovery. The consequences of ignoring uncertainty and how PPMs account for uncertainty are also described. We aim to make the discussion accessible to a broad non-mathematical audience. Equations are provided to make ideas concrete for mathematical readers (but can be skipped without loss of understanding) and code is available for computational researchers (https://github.com/stanlazic/ML_uncertainty_quantification).
description: 34 pages, 9 figures
Intersection Sight DIstance Parameters for Horse-Drawn Vehicles
Creators: name: Grossman, Jay
name: McKenzie, Charles
name: Veloz, Ignacio
Publisher: name: Journal of Modern Mobility Systems
Year: 2023

description: Current intersection sight distance design parameters may not adequately accommodate horse-drawn vehicles which are present in significant numbers in some rural areas of the United States.  This study examined the intersection sight distance case for two-way, stop-controlled intersections (stop on the minor road) for horse-drawn vehicles.  The eye height of a horse-drawn vehicle driver was found to average 5.8 feet, noticeably higher than the standard value used for passenger cars, but less than that used for trucks.  The stopping position of horse-drawn vehicle drivers was found to be further from the edge of travelled way of the major road than for motorized traffic, at an average distance of 27.2 feet.  Analysis of accepted and rejected gaps for left turns, right turns and crossing maneuvers suggests that the critical gaps for horse-drawn vehicles are noticeably longer than for either passenger cars or trucks and range from 12 to 14 seconds.
description: Journal of Modern Mobility Systems, Vol. 4 (2023)
New supersymmetric solutions of N=2, D=5 gauged supergravity with hyperscalars
Creators: name: Liu, James T.
name: Lu, H.
name: Pope, C. N.
name: Vazquez-Poritz, Justin F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct new supersymmetric solutions, including AdS bubbles, in an N=2 truncation of five-dimensional N=8 gauged supergravity. This particular truncation is given by N=2 gauged supergravity coupled to two vector multiples and three incomplete hypermultiplets, and was originally investigated in the context of obtaining regular AdS bubble geometries with multiple active R-charges. We focus on cohomogeneity-one solutions corresponding to objects with two equal angular momenta and up to three independent R-charges. Curiously, we find a new set of zero and negative mass solitons asymptotic to AdS_5/Z_k, for k \ge 3, which are everywhere regular without closed timelike curves.
description: Latex 3 times, 42 pages
X-ray produced mutations, deletions, and mosaics in Drosophila virilis
Creators: name: Girvin, Eb Carl, 1917-
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1948
Subjects: subject: Fruit-flies--Genetics
subject: Drosophila melanogaster--Genetics

description: The work outlined in this paper has been undertaken to obtain the frequencies at which mutations, deletions, and other chromosomal changes occur in Drosophila virilis so that they may be compared to Drosophila melanogaster. The experiment has been planned so that visible changes at seven particular loci, which Sturtevant and Novitski (1941) consider to be homologous, can be observed and, thus, make possible a comparison of the rate of changes between the so called 'normal' allels for these particular loci in the two species
Comparative Analysis of Arterial Characteristics to Evaluate Potential Lane Reduction
Creators: name: Hannah, Rachel
name: Brennan, Thomas
name: Seri Park
Publisher: name: Journal of Modern Mobility Systems
Year: 2023

description: Major roadways across the United States (US) have spurred commercial, retail, industrial, and residential developments along their routes.  These roadways have been constructed as a reliable means to link cities and towns.  Over the years, towns centers and residential housing have developed along these routes changing the characteristics from a roadway that provides mobility into a roadway that provides accessibility to the local population.  Consequently, the roadway infrastructure has not always evolved to meet the demands of the population living closest to the road, instead serving others located outside the town.  Road diets, or lane reductions, have been introduced to help mitigate crash incidents, while creating a corridor that can provide greater accessibility to pedestrians and bicyclists.  This research compares the characteristics of two parallel corridors, 4-lane Route 31 (NJ-31) and 2-lane Route 206 (US-206), located in Mercer County, New Jersey (NJ), US.  Both roads traverse residential areas and are in close proximity to a college campus.  NJ-31 has the potential to be reduced from 4-lanes to 2-lanes, but information is needed to support this reduction.  An analysis of the two corridors including crashes, congestion, volume, demographics, and entrance types are quantified and compared.  Although similar in traffic volume, the NJ-31 experiences a higher rate of traffic crashes per mile, while US-206 experiences more congestion.  This research demonstrates a foundation in establishing metrics to determine long term impacts of a dieted roadway, and to quantify an increase of congestion as compared to a reduction in crash incidents.
description: Journal of Modern Mobility Systems, Vol. 4 (2023)
Quantum Otto Thermal Machines Powered by Kerr Nonlinearity
Creators: name: Mendes, Udson C.
name: Sales, José S.
name: de Almeida, Norton G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of Kerr nonlinearity in quantum thermal machines having a Kerr-nonlinear oscillator as working substance and operating under the ideal quantum Otto cycle. We first investigate the efficiency of a Kerr-nonlinear heat engine and show that by varying the Kerr-nonlinear strength the efficiency surpasses in up to 2.5 times the efficiency of a quantum harmonic oscillator Otto engine. Moreover, the Kerr-nonlinearity makes the coefficient of performance of the Kerr-nonlinear refrigerator to be as large as 3 times the performance of quantum harmonic oscillator Otto refrigerators. These results were obtained using realistic parameters from circuit quantum electrodynamics devices formed by superconducting circuits and operating in the microwave regime.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Learning to discover: the Higgs boson machine learning challenge - Documentation
Creators: name: Adam-Bourdarios, Claire
name: Cowan, Glen
name: Germain, Cecile
name: Guyon, Isabelle
name: Kegl, Balazs
name: Rousseau, David
Publisher: name: CERN Open Data Portal
Year: 2014

description: A documentation for the Challenge is provided, with just the sufficient level of explanation for people without any background in physics, nor machine learning.
T-Lyr1-17236: A Long-Period Low-Mass Eclipsing Binary
Creators: name: Devor, Jonathan
name: Charbonneau, David
name: Torres, Guillermo
name: Blake, Cullen H.
name: White, Russel J.
name: Rabus, Markus
name: O'Donovan, Francis T.
name: Mandushev, Georgi
name: Bakos, Gaspar
name: Furesz, Gabor
name: Szentgyorgyi, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the discovery of a 0.68+0.52 solar mass eclipsing binary (EB) with an 8.4-day orbital period, found through a systematic search of ten fields of the Trans-atlantic Exoplanet Survey (TrES). Such long-period low-mass EBs constitute critical test cases for resolving the long standing discrepancy between the theoretical and observational mass-radius relations at the bottom of the main sequence. It has been suggested that this discrepancy may be related to strong stellar magnetic fields, which are not properly accounted for in current theoretical models. All previously well-characterized low-mass main sequence EBs have periods of a few days or less, and their components are therefore expected to be rotating rapidly as a result of tidal synchronization, thus generating strong magnetic fields. In contrast, the binary system described here has a period that is over three times longer than previously characterized low-mass main sequence EBs, and its components rotate relatively slowly. It is therefore expected to have a weaker magnetic field and to better match the assumptions of theoretical stellar models. Our follow-up observations of this EB yield preliminary stellar properties that suggest it is indeed consistent with current models. If further observations confirm a low level of activity in this system, these determinations would provide support for the hypothesis that the mass-radius discrepancy is at least partly due to magnetic activity.
description: 29 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Illness identity, experience, and perceptions as longitudinal predictors of adherence behaviors and health outcomes in adolescent Cystic Fibrosis
Creators: name: Dell, Jordan Rebecca
name: 0000-0002-1365-9889
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2021
Subjects: Illness identity
Illness identity questionnaire
Treatment beliefs
Treatment adherence
Self-efficacy
Pulmonary function
Airway clearance therapy
Chronic illness
Cystic fibrosis
Adolescence

description: People with Cystic Fibrosis (CF) experience considerable symptom and treatment burden on a daily basis. Airway Clearance Therapy (ACT) is one of the most time-consuming treatments and has low rates of adherence. Adherence behaviors are important to address in adolescence, as patients begin to take over responsibility from parents. However, adolescents with CF experience unique barriers to treatment adherence. Their symptoms and treatments can disrupt developmentally-appropriate pursuits like peer relationships and affect identity development. Illness identity describes distinct ways in which chronic illness can be integrated into a patient’s identity, with varying effects on mental health and treatment adherence. Patients’ experience of CF also alters their treatment adherence by affecting beliefs about the necessity and efficacy of their treatments. As such, improving treatment adherence may require considering not only the adolescents’ illness- and treatment-related beliefs, but also the experiences that have informed those beliefs. This study of 120 adolescents with CF recruited from a Central Texas medical center uses regression to determine whether past illness-related health, represented by average pulmonary function, predicts ACT adherence, and whether illness identity and treatment beliefs (Beliefs) mediate the relationship. The study also uses regression to assess whether ACT adherence mediates the relationship between past Beliefs and future pulmonary function. This study would allow clinicians to identify adolescents with uncontrolled illness-related health as at higher risk for developing future maladaptive Beliefs that could affect treatment adherence. It would also provide guidance on targeted interventions for adolescents with chronically poor treatment adherence that take their unique developmental stage into account.
Interaction Between AdS Black Hole Molecules
Creators: name: Dutta, Suvankar
name: Punia, Gurmeet Singh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We take a bottom-up approach to find the interaction potential between the $AdS$ black hole molecules under mean-field approximation. We start with the equation of state of dyonic $AdS$ black holes in fixed charge ensemble and use the method of classical cluster expansion to find the mean-field potential. We show that the Lennard-Jones (LJ) potential is a feasible choice to describe the equation of state. The LJ potential describes a two-body interaction. There exists a critical distance $r_0$ such that two interacting particles repel (attract) each other for $r < r_0$ ($r > r_0$). We compute the value of $r_0$ for dyonic $AdS$ black holes and compare the result obtained from the Ruppeiner scalar curvature. Our analysis shows how the electric (and magnetic) charge effects the interaction between black hole molecules.
description: 7+4 pages, 1 figure Some typos corrected, references and clarifications added
QCD sum rules analysis of the rare radiative Bc -> D*_s gamma decay
Creators: name: Azizi, K.
name: Bashiry, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, the radiative Bc -> D*_s gamma decay is investigated in the framework of QCD sum rules. The transition form factors responsible for the decay are calculated. The branching ratio for this decay is estimated to be order of 10^-5 which can be measurable at LHC.
description: 29 pages, Three Figures and two Tables
On the solutions of multicomponent generalizations of the Lam{é} equation
Creators: name: Barba, J. C.
name: Inozemtsev, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35J10

description: We describe a class of the singular solutions to the multicomponent analogs of the Lam{é} equation, arising as equations of motion of the elliptic Calogero--Moser systems of particles carrying spin 1/2. At special value of the coupling constant we propose the ansatz which allows one to get meromorphic solutions with two arbitrary parameters. They are quantized upon the requirement of the regularity of the wave function on the hyperplanes at which particles meet and imposing periodic boundary conditions. We find also the extra integrals of motion for three-particle systems which commute with the Hamiltonian for arbitrary values of the coupling constant.
description: 8 pages, 1 table, no figures, revtex4
Using Chandra Localizations and Gaia Distances and Proper Motions to Classify Hard X-ray Sources Discovered by INTEGRAL
Creators: name: Tomsick, John A.
name: Coughenour, Benjamin M.
name: Hare, Jeremy
name: Krivonos, Roman
name: Bodaghee, Arash
name: Chaty, Sylvain
name: Clavel, Maica
name: Fornasini, Francesca M.
name: Rodriguez, Jerome
name: Shaw, Aarran W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we report on X-ray observations of ten 17-60 keV sources discovered by the INTEGRAL satellite. The primary new information is sub-arcsecond positions obtained by the Chandra X-ray Observatory. In six cases (IGR J17040-4305, IGR J18017-3542, IGR J18112-2641, IGR J18434-0508, IGR J19504+3318, and IGR J20084+3221), a unique Chandra counterpart is identified with a high degree of certainty, and for five of these sources (all but J19504), Gaia distances or proper motions indicate that they are Galactic sources. For four of these, the most likely classifications are that the sources are magnetic Cataclysmic Variables (CVs). J20084 could be either a magnetic CV or a High Mass X-ray Binary. We classify the sixth source (J19504) as a likely Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN). In addition, we find likely Chandra counterparts to IGR J18010-3045 and IGR J19577+3339, and the latter is a bright radio source and probable AGN. The other two sources, IGR J12529-6351 and IGR J18013-3222 do not have likely Chandra counterparts, indicating that they are transient, highly variable, or highly absorbed.
description: 17 pages, 9 tables, 4 figures, accepted by ApJ
Finestre ed epifanie nella poesia di Raymond Carver: Happiness, Rain, The Window
Creators: name: Miceli, Barbara
Publisher: name: Università degli  Studi di Milano
Year: 2015
Subjects: Raymond Carver; Poetry; Epiphany; Windows;

description: What equates Raymond Carver’s poems Happiness, Rain and The Window is the fact that they are not “narrative” poems, but fragments of moments lived in front of a window. The poet records what he sees outside the house: the nature or common people interacting, and somehow they are images that give back to his inner eye truths or reflections of the sense of life itself, his and human kind’s. The visions that the window shows to Raymond Carver are epiphanies.

The three poems are equated not only by the presence of the window, but most of all by the same structure. The aim of the poet is to fix on paper the revelation he received from the image before the epiphany fades.

This paper will examine the three fundamental moments of these poems: the determination of the time and space, the epiphany, and the subsequent reflection on it. There will also be an analysis of Raymond Carver’s style and how it contributes to describe daily events, to convey to the reader a pure and distilled image of his visions.
description: Altre Modernità, 2015: NUMERO SPECIALE Finestre: sguardi e riflessi, trasparenze e opacità
The Stellar Populations of Stripped Spiral Galaxies in the Virgo Cluster
Creators: name: Crowl, Hugh H.
name: Kenney, Jeffrey D. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) We present an analysis of the stellar populations of the gas-stripped outer disks of ten Virgo Cluster spiral galaxies, utilizing SparsePak integral field spectroscopy on the WIYN 3.5m telescope and GALEX UV photometry. The galaxies in our sample show evidence for being gas-stripped spiral galaxies, with star formation within a truncation radius, and a passive population beyond the truncation radius. We find that all of the galaxies with spatially truncated star formation have outer disk stellar populations consistent with star formation ending within the last 500 Myr. The synthesis of optical spectroscopy and GALEX observations demonstrate that star formation was relatively constant until the quenching time, after which the galaxies passively evolved. Large starbursts at the time of quenching are excluded for all galaxies. For approximately half of our galaxies, timescales derived from our observations are consistent with galaxies being stripped in or near the cluster core, where simple ram-pressure estimates can explain the stripping. However, the other half of our sample galaxies were clearly stripped outside the cluster core. Such galaxies provide evidence that the intra-cluster medium is not static and smooth. For three of our sample galaxies, our stripping timescales agree with those from the gas stripping simulations, suggesting that star formation is quenched near the time of peak pressure. While the stripping of star-forming gas in the outer disk creates a passive population in our galaxies, there is still normal star formation in the center of our sample galaxies. It may be that Virgo is not massive enough to completely strip these spiral galaxies and, in a more dynamically active cluster or a cluster with a higher density ICM, such a process would lead to passive spirals and/or S0s.
description: 17 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in AJ. Replaced submission corrects Table names and matches figure style of Journal article
Relativistic analysis of magnetoelectric crystals: extracting a new 4-dimensional P odd and T odd pseudoscalar from Cr_2 O_3 data
Creators: name: Hehl, Friedrich W.
name: Obukhov, Yuri N.
name: Rivera, Jean-Pierre
name: Schmid, Hans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Earlier, the linear magnetoelectric effect of chromium sesquioxide Cr_2 O_3 has been determined experimentally as a function of temperature. One measures the electric field-induced magnetization on Cr_2 O_3 crystals or the magnetic field-induced polarization. From the magnetoelectric moduli of Cr_2 O_3 we extract a 4-dimensional relativistic invariant pseudoscalar \tildeα. It is temperature dependent and of the order of ~ 10^{-4} Y_0, with Y_0 as vacuum admittance. We show that the new pseudoscalar \tildeαis odd under parity transformation and odd under time inversion. Moreover, \tildeαis for Cr_2 O_3 what Tellegen's gyrator is for two port theory, the axion field for axion electrodynamics, and the PEMC (perfect electromagnetic conductor) for electrical engineering.
description: 6 pages latex, 3 figures, accepted by Physics Letters A
Varstrometry for Off-nucleus and Dual sub-Kpc AGN (VODKA): Hubble Space Telescope Discovers Double Quasars
Creators: name: Chen, Yu-Ching
name: Hwang, Hsiang-Chih
name: Shen, Yue
name: Liu, Xin
name: Zakamska, Nadia L.
name: Yang, Qian
name: Li, Jennifer I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dual supermassive black holes (SMBHs) at $\sim$kpc scales are the progenitor population of SMBH mergers and play an important role in understanding the pairing and dynamical evolution of massive black holes in galaxy mergers. Because of the stringent resolution requirement and the apparent rareness of these small-separation pairs, there are scarce observational constraints on this population, with few confirmed dual SMBHs at $<10$kpc separations at $z>1$. Here we present results from a pilot search for kpc-scale dual quasars selected with Gaia Data release 2 (DR2) astrometry and followed up with Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Wide Field Camera 3 dual-band (F475W and F814W) snapshot imaging. Our targets are quasars primarily selected with the varstrometry technique, i.e., light centroid jitter caused by asynchronous variability from both members in an unresolved quasar pair, supplemented by sub-arcsec pairs already resolved by Gaia DR2. We find an overall high fraction of HST-resolved pairs among the varstrometry-selected quasars (unresolved in Gaia DR2), $\sim 30-50\%$, increasing toward high redshift ($\sim 60-80\%$ at $z>1.5$). We discuss the nature of the 43 resolved sub-arcsec pairs based on HST and supplementary data. A substantial fraction ($\sim 40\%$) of these pairs are likely physical quasar pairs or gravitationally lensed quasars. We also discover a triple quasar candidate and a quadruply lensed quasar, which is among the smallest-separation quadruple lenses. These results provide important guidelines to improve varstrometry selection and follow-up confirmation of $\sim$kpc-scale dual SMBHs at high redshift.
description: 22 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables, accepted to ApJ
Successful and Emerging Cyberbullying Prevention Programs: A Narrative Review of Seventeen Interventions Applied Worldwide
Creators: name: Siddiqui, Sohni
name: Schultze-Krumbholz, Anja
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie
subject: cyberbullying
subject: anti-bullying programs
subject: teacher professional development
subject: individualized training
subject: whole-school intervention

description: The advent of the internet has channeled more online-related tasks into our lives and they have become a pre-requisite. One of the concerns with high internet usage is the multiplication of cyber-associated risky behaviors such as cyber aggression and/or cyberbullying. Cyberbullying is an emerging issue that needs immediate attention from many stakeholders. The aim of this study is to review existing successful and emerging interventions designed to prevent cyberbullying by engaging individuals through teacher professional development and adopting a whole-school approach. The review presents the strengths and limitations of the programs and suggestions to improve existing interventions. Preparing interventions with a strong theoretical framework, integrating the application of theories in interventions, promoting proactive and reactive strategies in combination, beginning with baseline needs assessment surveys, reducing time on digital devices and the digital divide among parents and children, promoting the concepts of lead trainer, peer trainer, and hot spots, focusing on physical activity, and use of landmarks are some of the recommendations proposed by the authors. In addition to face-to-face intervention sessions, it is suggested to update existing intervention programs with games and apps and to evaluate this combination.
Weyl, Dirac and high-fold chiral fermions in topological quantum materials
Creators: name: Hasan, M. Zahid
name: Chang, Guoqing
name: Belopolski, Ilya
name: Bian, Guang
name: Xu, Su-Yang
name: Yin, Jia-Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum materials hosting Weyl fermions have opened a new era of research in condensed matter physics. First proposed in 1929 in particle physics, Weyl fermions have yet to be observed as elementary particles. In 2015, Weyl fermions were detected as collective electronic excitations in the strong spin-orbit coupled material tantalum arsenide, TaAs. This discovery was followed by a flurry of experimental and theoretical explorations of Weyl phenomena in materials. Weyl materials naturally lend themselves to the exploration of the topological index associated with Weyl fermions and their divergent Berry curvature field, as well as the topological bulk-boundary correspondence giving rise to protected conducting surface states. Here, we review the broader class of Weyl topological phenomena in materials, starting with the observation of emergent Weyl fermions in the bulk and of Fermi arc states on the surface of the TaAs family of crystals by photoemission spectroscopy. We then discuss some of the exotic optical and magnetic responses observed in these materials, as well as the progress in developing some of the related chiral materials. We discuss the conceptual development of high-fold chiral fermions, which generalize Weyl fermions, and we review the observation of high-fold chiral fermion phases by taking the rhodium silicide, RhSi, family of crystals as a prime example. Lastly, we discuss recent advances in Weyl-line phases in magnetic topological materials. With this Review, we aim to provide an introduction to the basic concepts underlying Weyl physics in condensed matter, and to representative materials and their electronic structures and topology as revealed by spectroscopic studies. We hope this work serves as a guide for future theoretical and experimental explorations of chiral fermions and related topological quantum systems with potentially enhanced functionalities.
description: To appear in Nature Review Materials
Krein's Resolvent Formula for Self-Adjoint Extensions of Symmetric Second Order Elliptic Differential Operators
Creators: name: Posilicano, Andrea
name: Raimondi, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given a symmetric, semi-bounded, second order elliptic differential operator on a bounded domain with $C^{1,1}$ boundary, we provide a Krein-type formula for the resolvent difference between its Friedrichs extension and an arbitrary self-adjoint one.
description: Final version, to appear in J. Phys. A: Math. Theor
Canonical quantization on the half-line and in an interval based upon a new concept for the momentum in a space with boundaries
Creators: name: Al-Hashimi, M. H.
name: Wiese, U. -J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a particle moving on a half-line or in an interval the operator $\hat p = - i \partial_x$ is not self-adjoint and thus does not qualify as the physical momentum. Consequently canonical quantization based on $\hat p$ fails. Based upon a new concept for a self-adjoint momentum operator $\hat p_R$, we show that canonical quantization can indeed be implemented on the half-line and on an interval. Both the Hamiltonian $\hat H$ and the momentum operator $\hat p_R$ are endowed with self-adjoint extension parameters that characterize the corresponding domains $D(\hat H)$ and $D(\hat p_R)$ in the Hilbert space. When one replaces Poisson brackets by commutators, one obtains meaningful results only if the corresponding operator domains are properly taken into account. The new concept for the momentum is used to describe the results of momentum measurements of a quantum mechanical particle that is reflected at impenetrable boundaries, either at the end of the half-line or at the two ends of an interval.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures
CHILPYK IS  THE  SACRED  PLACE OF THE ZOROASTRIANISM.
Creators: name: Idrisov, Imalatdin
name: Jalgasbaeva, Gulasal
name: Tursunbaeva, Gawhar
name: Xojabaev, Bawirjan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This article reveals the significance of the Chylpykmemory as a sacred rite belonging to the Zorostrian religion.
The effect of photo-ionization on the cooling rates of enriched, astrophysical plasmas
Creators: name: Wiersma, Robert P. C.
name: Schaye, Joop
name: Smith, Britton D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radiative cooling is central to a wide range of astrophysical problems. Despite its importance, cooling rates are generally computed using very restrictive assumptions, such as collisional ionization equilibrium and solar relative abundances. We simultaneously relax both assumptions and investigate the effects of photo-ionization of heavy elements by the meta-galactic UV/X-ray background and of variations in relative abundances on the cooling rates of optically thin gas in ionization equilibrium. We find that photo-ionization by the meta-galactic background radiation reduces the net cooling rates by up to an order of magnitude for gas densities and temperatures typical of the shock-heated intergalactic medium and proto-galaxies. In addition, photo-ionization changes the relative contributions of different elements to the cooling rates. We conclude that photo-ionization by the ionizing background and heavy elements both need to be taken into account in order for the cooling rates to be correct to order of magnitude. Moreover, if the rates need to be known to better than a factor of a few, then departures of the relative abundances from solar need to be taken into account. We propose a method to compute cooling rates on an element-by-element basis by interpolating pre-computed tables that take photo-ionization into account. We provide such tables for a popular model of the evolving UV/X-ray background radiation, computed using the photo-ionization package CLOUDY.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS. One figure added and minor textual changes made to first version. Downloadable tables and videos available at http://www.strw.leidenuniv.nl/WSS08/
LINGUISTIC FLUIDITY IN ASAKE'S "JOHA": A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF CODE SWITCHING IN HIP-HOP
Creators: name: Michael, James Holloway
Publisher: name: AYDEN JOURNAL
Year: 2024
Subjects: Code-switching, hip-hop, Cultural identity, Sociolinguistics, Postcolonialism

description: The study on " hip-hop Literacy: A Critical Analysis of Code Switching in Asake’s Musical Video – “Joha” explores the phenomenon of code-switching in hip-hop music, focusing on its role in expressing cultural identity, resistance, and societal critique. It examines the fusion of multiple languages in Nigerian hip-hop music to convey messages and project cultural values, highlighting the work of Asake and others. The study employs a sociolinguistic approach to analyze how Nigerian hip-hop artists use linguistic diversity to maintain global relevance while promoting their cultural heritage and addressing postcolonial identities. The study reveals that code-switching in hip-hop serves as an aesthetic choice, a resistance tool, and a way to engage both local and global audiences, reinforcing the genre's impact on literacy outside traditional educational contexts.
The causal ladder and the strength of K-causality. I
Creators: name: Minguzzi, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A unifying framework for the study of causal relations is presented. The causal relations are regarded as subsets of M x M and the role of the corresponding antisymmetry conditions in the construction of the causal ladder is stressed. The causal hierarchy of spacetime is built from chronology up to K-causality and new characterizations of the distinction and strong causality properties are obtained. The closure of the causal future is not transitive, as a consequence its repeated composition leads to an infinite causal subladder between strong causality and K-causality - the A-causality subladder. A spacetime example is given which proves that K-causality differs from infinite A-causality.
description: 16 pages, one figure. Old title: ``On the relationship between K-causality and infinite A-causality''. Some typos fixed; small change in the proof of lemma 4.2
Quantum Enhanced Microrheology of a Living Cell
Creators: name: Taylor, Michael A.
name: Janousek, Jiri
name: Daria, Vincent
name: Knittel, Joachim
name: Hage, Boris
name: Bachor, Hans-A.
name: Bowen, Warwick P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the first biological measurement with precision surpassing the quantum noise limit. Lipid particles within a living yeast cell are tracked with sub-shot noise sensitivity, thereby revealing the biological dynamics of the cellular cytoplasm.
description: 10th Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Pacific Rim, CLEO-PR 2013, 2013