Dinotrema (Synaldis) flavum Oliveira & Penteado-Dias, 2024, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Dias de Oliveira, Franciélle
name: Penteado-Dias, Angélica Maria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Braconidae
Dinotrema
Dinotrema flavum

description: Dinotrema (Synaldis) flavum sp. nov.
Figs 46–54
Type material.
Holotype: Chile • ♀ (MNNC); Osorno, Parque Nacional Puyehue, Antillanca; 40 ° 44 ' 06 " S, 72 ° 18 ' 47 " W; alt. 528 m; 14 Jan. – 3 Feb. 2017; D. Amorim and V. Silva leg.; flight intercept. Paratype: Chile • 1 ♀ (DCBU 385798); same data as for holotype, except 40 ° 46 ' 28 " S, 72 ° 12 ' 41 " W; alt. 1054 m; sweeping.
Diagnosis.
This species differs from other New World species of Synaldis by the combination of the following characteristics: face and clypeus yellow (Fig. 50); in lateral view, eye as wide as temple (Fig. 47); mandible with three relatively large teeth, diagonal carina present, mandibular apex wider than base (Fig. 51); F 1 2.7–3.1 × as long as wide (Fig. 48); mesoscutal pit present, conspicuous (Fig. 52); propodeum with areola, median longitudinal carina incomplete apically, transverse carinae complete (Fig. 53); fore wing vein cu-a distinctly postfurcal, 1 - CU 1 as long as cu-a (Fig. 46); hind wing vein 1 - M 2.0 × as long as 1 - rm; hind tibia 10.1–10.3 × as long as wide (Fig. 54).
Dinotrema (S.) flavum sp. nov. is similar to D. (S.) chilense sp. nov. and D. (S.) puyehue sp. nov. Their distinctions are given, respectively, in the diagnosis of the D. (S.) chilense and identification key.
Description.
♀. Length. Body: 1.9–2.4 mm. Fore wing: 2.0– 2.4 mm. Hind wing: 1.4–1.7 mm.
Head: in dorsal view (Fig. 49), 1.6 × as wide as long, 1.50–1.65 × as wide as mesosoma, slightly wider at temples than eyes. Frons with weak mid groove. POL 1.1 × as OD, OOL 3.0 × as OD. In lateral view (Fig. 47), eye 1.4 × as high as wide, as wide as temple. Face 1.6 × as wide as high (Fig. 50), 1.9–2.0 × as wide as clypeus, smooth. Clypeus 2.0–2.1 × as wide as high, slightly concave ventrally. Malar space 0.5–0.6 × as clypeus height. Paraclypeal fovea short size. Mandible 1.2 × as long as wide (Fig. 51), diagonal carina present. Mandibular apex 1.4 × wide as base. Upper tooth rounded. Middle tooth acute, longer than other teeth. Lower tooth rounded, as long as upper tooth. Upper tooth ca as wide as lower, wider than middle tooth. Antenna with 18 segments (Fig. 48), as long as body. Scape 1.8–2.0 × as long as pedicel. F 1 2.7–3.1 × as long as wide, 1.1 × as long as F 2. F 2 2.25–2.40 × as long as wide. F 3 1.8–2.1 × as long as wide. AF 2.7 × as long as wide. Maxillary palp 1.1 × as long as head height.
Mesosoma: 1.3 × as long as high (Fig. 47), 2.1 × as long as wide. Mesoscutum as long as wide, notauli absent on horizontal surface of mesoscutum (Fig. 52). Mesoscutal pit present, oval – elongate, occupying 0.1–0.2 × of mesoscutal length. Prescutellar depression 2.5 × as long as wide, with median carina complete, lateral carinae almost complete, weak. Side of pronotum crenulate. Precoxal sulcus crenulate medially, not reaching anterior and / or posterior margins of mesopleuron (Fig. 47). Posterior mesopleural furrow smooth. Propodeum mainly rugulose to rugose (Fig. 53), with areola 0.9 × as high as wide; median longitudinal carina incomplete, not extending inside areola or reaching its middle at most; transverse carinae complete. Propodeum with protuberance in lateral view. Propodeal spiracle small to middle (Fig. 47), 0.3–0.4 × distance from spiracle to base of propodeum.
Wings: fore wing 2.7 × as long as wide, vein 1 - SR present, (r + 3 - SR) 4.9–5.0 × as long as r-m, SR 1 2.1–2.3 × as long as (r + 3 - SR); cu-a distinctly postfurcal, 1 - CU 1 as long as cu-a. Marginal cell 4.5 × as long as wide, submarginal cell 2.4 × as long as wide, first subdiscal cell 3.0 × as long as wide (Fig. 46). Hind wing 6.2 × as long as wide, vein 1 - M 0.5 × as long as M + CU, 2.0 × as long as 1 r-m; m-cu absent.
Legs: hind femur 4.1–4.2 × as long as wide. Hind tibia 10.1–10.3 × as long as wide, 1.1–1.2 × as long as hind tarsus. First segment of hind tarsus 2.2 × as long as second segment (Fig. 54).
Metasoma: 1.6 × as long, and 1.3 × as wide as mesosoma (Fig. 46). T 1 strigose, 2.15 × as long as wide, apex 1.4 × as wide as base. Ovipositor 0.4 × as long as metasoma, 1.3–1.6 × as long as T 1, 0.9–1.0 × as long as hind femur. Ovipositor sheath with some sparse and delicate setae (except on 1 / 4 apical almost glabrous), 0.3–0.4 × as long as metasoma, 1.20–1.35 × as long as T 1 (Fig. 54).
Color: mainly yellow, except head dorsally brown to light brown; mesosoma dorsally and flagellum yellow to light brown; metasoma from second tergite light brown; ovipositor sheath brown. Wings hyaline, veins light brown.
Male. Unknown.
Etymology.
The epithet is an adjective derived from flavus, which means yellow in Latin. The species name refers to its predominantly yellow body color (Figs 46–54).
Distribution.
Chile.
description: Published as part of Dias de Oliveira, Franciélle & Penteado-Dias, Angélica Maria, 2024, First record of subgenus Synaldis Foerster (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Alysiinae, Dinotrema Foerster) from Chile, with description of ten new species, pp. 275-314 in ZooKeys 1206 on pages 275-314, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1206.124515