cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Detection prospects of the Telescope Array hotspot by space observatories
Creators: name: Semikoz, D.
name: Tinyakov, P.
name: Zotov, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present-day cosmic ray data, the strongest indication of anisotropy of the ultrahigh energy cosmic rays is the 20-degree hotspot observed by the Telescope Array with the statistical significance of 3.4σ. In this work, we study the possibility of detecting such a spot by space-based all-sky observatories. We show that if the detected luminosity of the hotspot is attributed to a physical effect and not a statistical fluctuation, the KLYPVE and JEM-EUSO experiments would need to collect ~300 events with E>57 EeV in order to detect the hotspot at the 5σ confidence level with the 68% probability. We also study the dependence of the detection prospects on the hotspot luminosity.
description: 4 pages; v2: minor style changes to match the published version
title: Imaging Of Cerebral Vasculitis
Creators: name: Kaddour, Elyes
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Inflammation
subject: Epidemiology
subject: Localisation
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: MR
subject: Neuroradiology spine
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Management

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: - To describe the radiological semiology of a cerebro-medullar location of a vasculitis. - Learning how to seek the neurological parenchymal lesions with a pre-known vasculitis. - To highlight a cerebral vasculitis before a particular...
Supplementary document for Investigating wavelength dependence of near-threshold harmonics with different atoms and laser intensities: from analysis of an expanded quantum trajectory Monte Carlo model - 7176473.pdf
Creators: name: Wang, Bincheng
name: Fu, Yong
name: Wang, Kan
name: Guan, Zhong
name: Jin, Cheng
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental text
title: Radiologic features of pneumomediastinum: from classic signs to clinical management
Creators: name: Barros, Marta
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mediastinum
subject: Thorax
subject: Digital radiography
subject: CT
subject: Education
subject: Acute
subject: Outcomes

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Review the mediastinic anatomy with radiologic correlation. Review and illustrate different etiologies of pneumomediastinum Illustrate radiologic features of pneumomediastinum, including typical radiographic signs thatassist diagnostic. Discuss the...
Omega-6/omega-3 fatty acid intake of children and older adults in the U.S.: dietary intake in comparison to current dietary recommendations and the Healthy Eating Index
Creators: name: Cheatham, Carol
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2018

description: Abstract Background Omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids (FAs) and their ratio have been shown to affect cognitive function in children and older adults. With these analyses, we aimed to describe omega-6 and omega-3 FA intake among children and older adults in light of FA intake recommendations and with consideration of overall diet. Methods Data were merged from two cross-sectional studies with 219 children 7 to 12 years old and one longitudinal study with 133 adults 65 to 79 years old. Demographic data, anthropometric data, and Healthy Eating Index scores were used to study relations among the omega-6 to omega-3 FA ratio and age, education, body mass index, and diet quality. FA intake, demographic, and anthropometric data were examined using partial correlations, t-tests, and analysis of variance. Results Most children and adults consumed at least the recommended amount of alpha-linolenic acid (LNA; omega-3) for their age and gender without consuming high amounts of linoleic acid (LA; omega-6), but did not consume sufficient eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; omega-) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; omega-3). The average omega-6 to omega-3 ratios in both groups were lower than previously reported. Eating lower ratios was associated with healthier diets and consuming adequate amounts of several other nutrients. No demographic or anthropometric variables were related to FA intake in children. Adults with a college degree had significantly lower ratios than those without a college degree. Conclusions American children and older adults are able to consume more balanced omega-6 to omega-3 ratios than has been indicated by commodity data. However, very few American children met even the lowest recommendations for EPA and DHA intake. Research is needed to clarify recommendations for the optimal ratio across development, which may aid in increasing EPA and DHA intake and improving health outcomes in the United States. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02199808 13 July 2014, NCT01823419 (retrospectively registered) 20 March 2013, and NCT01515098 18 January 2012.
Supplementary document for Investigating wavelength dependence of near-threshold harmonics with different atoms and laser intensities: from analysis of an expanded quantum trajectory Monte Carlo model - 7179387.pdf
Creators: name: Wang, Bincheng
name: Fu, Yong
name: Wang, Kan
name: Guan, Zhong
name: Jin, Cheng
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplementary text
title: Portal biliopathy - pictorial review
Creators: name: Bilreiro, Carlos
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Varices
subject: Embolism / Thrombosis
subject: Dilatation
subject: Education
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Cholangiography
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Veins / Vena cava
subject: Biliary Tract / Gallbladder
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To understand the range of imaging features of portal biliopathy, using a multimodality approach with pathologic correlation. To discuss the differential diagnosis with emphasis on key imaging points for a correct...
title: Acute cardiac impairment of high-dose radiation exposure: changes of right and left ventricular function by cardiac magnetic resonance after radiotherapy for esophageal cancer
Creators: name: Yonezawa, Masato
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Acute
subject: Radiation therapy / Oncology
subject: Radiation effects
subject: Complications
subject: MR
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Oncology
subject: Cardiac

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Introduction: Myocardial radiation exposure causes various chronic heart impairment: systolic or diastolic dysfunction of left ventricle, conduction disturbance, myocarditis, pericarditis, cardiac effusion and tamponade. These adverse event are...
Anomalous behavior of the energy gap in the one-dimensional quantum XY model
Creators: name: Okuyama, Manaka
name: Yamanaka, Yuuki
name: Nishimori, Hidetoshi
name: Rams, Marek M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We re-examine the well-studied one dimensional spin-1/2 $XY$ model to reveal its nontrivial energy spectrum, in particular the energy gap between the ground state and the first excited state. In the case of the isotropic $XY$ model -- the $XX$ model -- the gap behaves very irregularly as a function of the system size at a second order transition point. This is in stark contrast to the usual power-law decay of the gap and is reminiscent of the similar behavior at the first order phase transition in the infinite-range quantum $XY$ model. The gap also shows nontrivial oscillatory behavior for the phase transitions in the anisotropic model in the incommensurate phase. We observe a close relation between this anomalous behavior of the gap and the correlation functions. These results, those for the isotropic case in particular, are important from the viewpoint of quantum annealing where the efficiency of computation is strongly affected by the size dependence of the energy gap.
description: 25 pages, 8 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1501.02926
title: Gadolinium deposition in tissue after long-term IP GBCA injection in rats – in vitro studies
Creators: name: Langer, Ruth
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Contrast agent-other
subject: MR
subject: Kidney
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Animal (veterinary) studies
subject: Toxicity

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: For animal experiments in rats intraperitoneal (IP) injection is a practical and established technique for drug testing. In theory, slower absorption -compared with an intravenous (IV) regimen- may cause prolonged exposure to the administered...
On the Source of Propagating Slow Magneto-acoustic Waves in Sunspots
Creators: name: Prasad, S. Krishna
name: Jess, D. B.
name: Khomenko, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent high-resolution observations of sunspot oscillations using simultaneously operated ground- and space-based telescopes reveal the intrinsic connection between different layers of the solar atmosphere. However, it is not clear whether these oscillations are externally driven or generated in-situ. We address this question by using observations of propagating slow magneto-acoustic waves along a coronal fan loop system. In addition to the generally observed decreases in oscillation amplitudes with distance, the observed wave amplitudes are also found to be modulated with time, with similar variations observed throughout the propagation path of the wavetrain. Employing multi-wavelength and multi-instrument data we study the amplitude variations with time as the waves propagate through different layers of the solar atmosphere. By comparing the amplitude-modulation period in different layers, we find that slow magneto-acoustic waves observed in sunspots are externally driven by photospheric p-modes, which propagate upwards into the corona before becoming dissipated.
description: accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
title: Abdominopelvic actinomycosis, when should we think about it?
Creators: name: Lopez Uzquiza, Elena
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Inflammation
subject: Infection
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Actinomycosis is an infrequent invasive bacterial disease caused by Actinomyces spp., anaerobic Gram-positive bacteria that normally colonize the human mouth and digestive and genital tracts. Actinomycosis occurs most frequently in the cervical...
The torque effect and fluctuations of entropy deposition in rapidity in ultra-relativistic nuclear collisions
Creators: name: Bozek, Piotr
name: Broniowski, Wojciech
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The decorrelation of the orientation of the event-plane angles in the initial state of relativistic Pb-Pb and p-Pb collisions, the "torque effect," is studied in a model of entropy deposition in the longitudinal direction involving fluctuations of the longitudinal source profile on large scales. The radiation from a single wounded nucleon is asymmetric in space-time rapidity. It is assumed that the extent in rapidity of the region of deposited entropy is random. Fluctuations in the deposition of entropy from each source increase the event-plane decorrelation: for Pb-Pb collisions they improve the description of the data, while for p-Pb collisions the mechanism is absolutely essential to generate any sizable decorrelation. We also show that the experimental data for rank-four flow may be explained via folding of the elliptic flow. The results suggest the existence of long range fluctuations in the space-time distribution of entropy in the initial stages of relativistic nuclear collisions.
DIAMONDS: A new Bayesian nested sampling tool
Creators: name: Corsaro, Enrico
name: De Ridder, Joris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of high-quality asteroseismic data provided by the NASA Kepler mission, we developed a new code, termed Diamonds (high-DImensional And multi-MOdal NesteD Sampling), for fast Bayesian parameter estimation and model comparison by means of the Nested Sampling Monte Carlo (NSMC) algorithm, an efficient and powerful method very suitable for high-dimensional problems (like the peak bagging analysis of solar-like oscillations) and multi-modal problems (i.e. problems that show multiple solutions). We applied the code to the peak bagging analysis of solar-like oscillations observed in a challenging F-type star. By means of Diamonds one is able to detect the different backgrounds in the power spectrum of the star (e.g. stellar granulation and faculae activity) and to understand whether one or two oscillation peaks can be identified or not. In addition, we demonstrate a novel approach to peak bagging based on multimodality, which is able to reduce significantly the number of free parameters involved in the peak bagging model. This novel approach is therefore of great interest for possible future automatization of the entire analysis technique.
description: Conference Proceeding Poster - CoRoT3-KASC7 The Space Photometry Revolution, Toulouse, France, July 6-11 2014, 2 pages, 3 figures
title: Anatomical regions of reference for grey and white matter perfusion studies with MRI.
Creators: name: Marquina Martínez, Diana
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Metastases
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR
subject: Oncology
subject: Neuroradiology brain

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To locate the anatomical regions of the brain parenchyma with less variability in perfusion MRI studies of normal grey and white substance. 39 patients aged 37-79 years were studied in the period between 2007 and 2010 in our hospital. 27 patients...
Multilevel challenges to engagement in HIV care after prison release: a theory-informed qualitative study comparing prisoners’ perspectives before and after community reentry
Creators: name: Golin, Carol E.
name: Wohl, David
name: Farel, Claire E
name: Haley, Danielle F
name: Garrett, Jenna J
name: Rosen, David L
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2014

description: Abstract Background Although prison provides the opportunity for HIV diagnosis and access to in-prison care, following release, many HIV-infected inmates experience clinical setbacks, including nonadherence to antiretrovirals, elevations in viral load, and HIV disease progression. HIV-infected former inmates face numerous barriers to successful community reentry and to accessing healthcare. However, little is known about the outcome expectations of HIV-infected inmates for release, how their post-release lives align with pre-release expectations, and how these processes influence engagement in HIV care following release from prison. Methods We conducted semi-structured interviews (24 pre- and 13 post-release) with HIV-infected inmates enrolled in a randomized controlled trial of a case management intervention to enhance post-release linkage to care. Two researchers independently coded data using a common codebook. Intercoder reliability was strong (kappa = 0.86). We analyzed data using Grounded Theory methodology and Applied Thematic Analysis. We collected and compared baseline sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics of all cohort participants who did and did not participate in the qualitative interviews using Fisher’s Exact Tests for categorical measures and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests for continuous measures. Results Most participants were heterosexual, middle-aged, single, African American men and women with histories of substance use. Substudy participants were more likely to anticipate living with family/friends and needing income assistance post-release. Most were taking antiretrovirals prior to release and anticipated needing help securing health benefits and medications post-release. Before release, most participants felt confident they would be able to manage their HIV. However, upon release, many experienced intermittent or prolonged periods of antiretroviral nonadherence, largely due to substance use relapse or delays in care initiation. Substance use was precipitated by stressful life experiences, including stigma, and contact with drug-using social networks. As informed by the Social Cognitive Theory and HIV Stigma Framework, findings illustrate the reciprocal relationships among substance use, experiences of stigma, pre- and post-release environments, and skills needed to engage in HIV care. Conclusion These findings underscore the need for comprehensive evidence-based interventions to prepare inmates to transition from incarceration to freedom, particularly those that strengthen linkage to HIV care and focus on realities of reentry, including stigma, meeting basic needs, preventing substance abuse, and identifying community resources.
title: Uterine sarcomas: Magnetic resonance presentation and clinical context – a retrospective study in an oncological medical center.
Creators: name: Batista, Alexandre
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Pathology
subject: Education and training
subject: Cancer
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Comparative studies
subject: RIS
subject: PACS
subject: MR
subject: Oncology
subject: Management
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To discuss the most common symptoms and signs in a uterine sarcoma presentation as well as its different histological subtypes. To evidence the frequently unspecific clinical presentation of uterine sarcomas and the consequent evident relevance...
How do starspots influence the transit timing variations of exoplanets? Simulations of individual and consecutive transits
Creators: name: Ioannidis, P.
name: Huber, K. F.
name: Schmitt, J. H. M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transit timing variations (TTVs) of exoplanets are normally interpreted as the consequence of gravitational interaction with additional bodies in the system. However, TTVs can also be caused by deformations of the system transits by starspots, which might thus pose a serious complication in their interpretation. We therefore simulate transit light curves deformed by spot-crossing events for different properties of the stellar surface and the planet, such as starspot position, limb darkening, planetary period, and impact parameter. Mid-transit times determined from these simulations can be significantly shifted with respect to the input values; these shifts cannot be larger than ~1% of the transit duration and depend most strongly on the longitudinal position of the spot during the transit and the transit duration. Consequently, TTVs with amplitudes larger than the above limit are very unlikely to be caused by starspots. We also investigate whether TTVs from sequences of consecutive transits with spot-crossing anomalies can be misinterpreted as the result of an additional body in the system. We use the Generalized Lomb-Scargle periodogram to search for periods in TTVs and conclude that low amplitude TTVs with statistically significant periods around active stars are the most problematic cases. In those cases where the photometric precision is high enough to inspect the transit shapes for deformations, it should be possible to identify TTVs caused by starspots, however, especially for cases with low transit signal to noise light curves (TSNR $\lesssim$ 15) it becomes quite difficult to reliably decide whether these periods come from starspots, physical companions in the system or if they are random noise artifacts.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures
Analysis and Evaluation of the Family of Sign Adaptive Algorithms
Creators: name: Ulla Faiz, Mohammed
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2022

description: In this thesis, four novel sign adaptive algorithms proposed by the author were analyzed and evaluated for floating-point arithmetic operations. These four algorithms include Sign Regressor Least Mean Fourth (SRLMF), Sign Regressor Least Mean Mixed-Norm (SRLMMN), Normalized Sign Regressor Least Mean Fourth (NSRLMF), and Normalized Sign Regressor Least Mean Mixed-Norm (NSRLMMN). The performance of the latter three algorithms has been analyzed and evaluated for real-valued data only. While the performance of the SRLMF algorithm has been analyzed and evaluated for both cases of real- and complex-valued data. Additionally, four sign adaptive algorithms proposed by other researchers were also analyzed and evaluated for floating-point arithmetic operations. These four algorithms include Sign Regressor Least Mean Square (SRLMS), Sign-Sign Least Mean Square (SSLMS), Normalized Sign-Error Least Mean Square (NSLMS), and Normalized Sign Regressor Least Mean Square (NSRLMS). The performance of the latter three algorithms has been analyzed and evaluated for both cases of real- and complex-valued data. While the performance of the SRLMS algorithm has been analyzed and evaluated for complex-valued data only. The framework employed in this thesis relies on energy conservation approach. The energy conservation framework has been applied uniformly for the evaluation of the performance of the aforementioned eight sign adaptive algorithms proposed by the author and other researchers. In other words, the energy conservation framework stands out as a common theme that runs throughout the treatment of the performance of the aforementioned eight algorithms. Some of the results from the performance evaluation of the four novel sign adaptive algorithms proposed by the author, namely SRLMF, SRLMMN, NSRLMF, and NSRLMMN are as follows. It was shown that the convergence performance of the SRLMF and SRLMMN algorithms for real-valued data was similar to those of the Least Mean Fourth (LMF) and Least Mean Mixed-Norm (LMMN) algorithms, respectively. Moreover, it was also shown that the NSRLMF and NSRLMMN algorithms exhibit a compromised convergence performance for realvalued data as compared to the Normalized Least Mean Fourth (NLMF) and Normalized Least Mean Mixed-Norm (NLMMN) algorithms, respectively. Some misconceptions among biomedical signal processing researchers concerning the implementation of adaptive noise cancelers using the Sign-Error Least Mean Fourth (SLMF), Sign-Sign Least Mean Fourth (SSLMF), and their variant algorithms were also removed. Finally, three of the novel sign adaptive algorithms proposed by the author, namely SRLMF, SRLMMN, and NSRLMF have been successfully employed by other researchers and the author in applications ranging from power quality improvement in the distribution system and multiple artifacts removal from various physiological signals such as ElectroCardioGram (ECG) and ElectroEncephaloGram (EEG).
title: Prognostic factors in pulmonary adenocarcinoma of <= 3cm with mixed ground-glass opacity: thin-section CT and pathological analysis
Creators: name: Ebara, Kiyonori
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Pathology
subject: CAD
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Lung

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Two examiners that had not been told the pathological diagnosis analyzed independently the qualitative and quantitative CT findings. First, we studied about variation and error between the examiner and confirmed presence of the systematic...
title: Clinico-Radiologic Investigation of Asbestos-related Diffuse Pleural Thickening in Japan.
Creators: name: Kato, Katsuya
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Occupational / Environmental hazards
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: CT
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Thorax
subject: Respiratory system
subject: Lung

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Asbestos related pleural diseases include malignant pleural mesothelioma benign asbestos pleural effusion (BAPE), and diffuse pleural thickening (DPT). DPT usually develops after the previous onset of BAPE; however, there are some cases without the...
Magnon dark modes and gradient memory
Creators: name: Zhang, Xufeng
name: Zou, Chang-Ling
name: Zhu, Na
name: Marquardt, Florian
name: Jiang, Liang
name: Tang, Hong X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extensive efforts have been expended in developing hybrid quantum systems to overcome the short coherence time of superconducting circuits by introducing the naturally long-lived spin degree of freedom. Among all the possible materials, single-crystal yttrium iron garnet has shown up very recently as a promising candidate for hybrid systems, and various highly coherent interactions, including strong and even ultra-strong coupling, have been demonstrated. One distinct advantage of these systems is that the spins are in the form of well-defined magnon modes, which allows flexible and precise tuning. Here we demonstrate that by dissipation engineering, a non-Markovian interaction dynamics between the magnon and the microwave cavity photon can be achieved. Such a process enables us to build a magnon gradient memory to store information in the magnon dark modes, which decouple from the microwave cavity and thus preserve a long life-time. Our findings provide a promising approach for developing long-lifetime, multimode quantum memories.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures
title: Radiological analysis of lesions of breast surface.
Creators: name: Meseguer, Mº Angeles
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cysts
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Mammography
subject: Breast

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The main objective is to learn the skin lesions of the breast and its radiological presentation, the criteria to define if a lesion is dermal pure or hypodermal with dermal extension,as well as classify the lesions in benign and malignant.More over...
title: Pigou’s Advice and Sisyphus’ Warning
title: Carbon Pricing with Non-Permanent Carbon-Dioxide Removal
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Kalkuhl, Matthias
name: Franks, Max
name: Gruner, Friedemann
name: Lessmann, Kai
name: Edenhofer, Ottmar
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 330 Wirtschaft

description: Carbon dioxide removal from the atmosphere is becoming an important option to achieve net zero climate targets. This paper develops a welfare and public economics perspective on optimal policies for carbon removal and storage in non-permanent sinks like forests, soil, oceans, wood products or chemical products. We derive a new metric for the valuation of non-permanent carbon storage, the social cost of carbon removal (SCC-R), which embeds also the conventional social cost of carbon emissions. We show that the contribution of CDR is to create new carbon sinks that should be used to reduce transition costs, even if the stored carbon is released to the atmosphere eventually. Importantly, CDR does not raise the ambition of optimal temperature levels unless initial atmospheric carbon stocks are excessively high. For high initial atmospheric carbon stocks, CDR allows to reduce the optimal temperature below initial levels. Finally, we characterize three different policy regimes that ensure an optimal deployment of carbon removal: downstream carbon pricing, upstream carbon pricing, and carbon storage pricing. The policy regimes differ in their informational and institutional requirements regarding monitoring, liability and financing.
description: CEPA Discussion Papers; 62
title: The microcirculatory basis of commonly seen enhancing patterns validated in mice models.
Creators: name: Thng, Choon Hua
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Education and training
subject: Cancer
subject: Physiological studies
subject: Experimental investigations
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: MR
subject: MR physics
subject: Animal (veterinary) studies
subject: Anatomy

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Though radiologists have long been utilizing enhancement patterns on dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) CT/MR to characterize tumours, the microcirculatory basis of these enhancement patterns isnot fully understood. It has previously been shown in...
The evolution of the magnetic inclination angle as an explanation of the long term red timing-noise of pulsars
Creators: name: Yi, Shu-Xu
name: Zhang, Shuang-Nan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the possibility that the long term red timing-noise in pulsars originates from the evolution of the magnetic inclination angle $χ$. The braking torque under consideration is a combination of the dipole radiation and the current loss. We find that the evolution of $χ$ can give rise to extra cubic and fourth-order polynomial terms in the timing residuals. These two terms are determined by the efficiency of the dipole radiation, the relative electric-current density in the pulsar tube and $χ$. The following observation facts can be explained with this model: a) young pulsars have positive $\ddotν$; b) old pulsars can have both positive and negative $\ddotν$; c) the absolute values of $\ddotν$ are proportional to $-\dotν$; d) the absolute values of the braking indices are proportional to the characteristic ages of pulsars. If the evolution of $χ$ is purely due to rotation kinematics, then it can not explain the pulsars with braking index less than 3, and thus the intrinsic change of the magnetic field is needed in this case. Comparing the model with observations, we conclude that the drift direction of $χ$ might oscillate many times during the lifetime of a pulsar. The evolution of $χ$ is not sufficient to explain the rotation behavior of the Crab pulsar, because the observed $χ$ and $\dotχ$ are inconsistent with the values indicated from the timing residuals using this model.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Effects of insurance status on children's access to specialty care: a systematic review of the literature
Creators: name: Meyer, Michelle L
name: Skinner, Asheley
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2007

description: Abstract Background The current climate of rising health care costs has led many health insurance programs to limit benefits, which may be problematic for children needing specialty care. Findings from pediatric primary care may not transfer to pediatric specialty care because pediatric specialists are often located in academic medical centers where institutional rules determine accepted insurance. Furthermore, coverage for pediatric specialty care may vary more widely due to systematic differences in inclusion on preferred provider lists, lack of availability in staff model HMOs, and requirements for referral. Our objective was to review the literature on the effects of insurance status on children's access to specialty care. Methods We conducted a systematic review of original research published between January 1, 1992 and July 31, 2006. Searches were performed using Pubmed. Results Of 30 articles identified, the majority use number of specialty visits or referrals to measure access. Uninsured children have poorer access to specialty care than insured children. Children with public coverage have better access to specialty care than uninsured children, but poorer access compared to privately insured children. Findings on the effects of managed care are mixed. Conclusion Insurance coverage is clearly an important factor in children's access to specialty care. However, we cannot determine the structure of insurance that leads to the best use of appropriate, quality care by children. Research about specific characteristics of health plans and effects on health outcomes is needed to determine a structure of insurance coverage that provides optimal access to specialty care for children.
title: Complications of Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension
Creators: name: Endo, Kenji
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Haemorrhage
subject: Embolism / Thrombosis
subject: Acute
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: Neuroradiology brain

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is a condition developed due to negative pressure within the cranial cavity. The characteristic symptom is orthostatic headache that generally gets relieved by lying flat. SIH has been known to be...
Decisionmaking in practice: The dynamics of muddling through
Creators: name: Flach, John M.
name: Feufel, Markus A.
name: Reynolds, Peter L.
name: Henrickson Parker, Sarah
name: Kellogg, Kathryn M.
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 150 Psychologie
subject: abduction
subject: decisionmaking
subject: judgment
subject: heuristic
subject: adaptive control

description: An alternative to conventional models that treat decisions as open-loop independent choices is presented. The alterative model is based on observations of work situations such as healthcare, where decisionmaking is more typically a closed-loop, dynamic, problem-solving process. The article suggests five important distinctions between the processes assumed by conventional models and the reality of decisionmaking in practice. It is suggested that the logic of abduction in the form of an adaptive,muddling through process is more consistent with the realities of practice in domains such as healthcare.The practical implication is that the design goal should not be to improve consistency with normativemodels of rationality, but to tune the representations guiding the muddling process to increase functional perspicacity.
title: Clinical-Radiological management of congenital hydronephrosis.
Creators: name: Vidal, María
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Kidney
subject: Urinary Tract / Bladder
subject: Paediatric
subject: Nuclear medicine conventional
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Congenital
subject: Foetus

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To review the main causes of congenital hydronephrosis (CHN) and its clinical and radiological...
Data and analysis
Creators: name: Morey, Candice
name: Miron, Monica
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: Rawest data: files ending in.txt Scripts for scoring responses and cleaning data: files ending in .R. Pre-processed data (resulting from "clean.R" scripts): .csv files Summary of analyses explanations: files ending in .html (download them and open them with a web browser) Bayes factor output objects: files ending in .Rdata Scripts that generated summary html file end in .Rmd. Running Rmd scripts requires the pre-processed .csv files, and the BF output Rdata objects. Alternatively, the BF objects can be re-generated by un-commenting the code for running them in the .Rmd file (note that the values will not be exactly the same as those given in the text if these samples are re-run).
MPEC 2023-Q81 : 2023 QK2
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 QK2

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Retailer opinions about and compliance with family smoking prevention and tobacco control act point of sale provisions: a survey of tobacco retailers
Creators: name: Scott, John
name: Rose, Shyanika W
name: Ribisl, Kurt
name: Reyes, Heathe L M
name: Ennett, Susan
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2015

description: Abstract Background The objectives of this study were to document retailer opinions about tobacco control policy at the point of sale (POS) and link these opinions with store level compliance with sales and marketing provisions of the Tobacco Control Act. Methods This study conducted interviews of 252 tobacco retailers in three counties in North Carolina and linked their opinions with in-person observational audit data of their stores’ compliance with POS policies. We conducted analyses examining retailer factors associated with noncompliance using Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) controlling for individual, store, neighborhood, and county factors. Results Over 90 % of retailers support minors’ access provisions and a large minority (over 40 %) support graphic warnings and promotion bans. Low levels of support were found for a potential ban on menthol cigarettes (17 %). Store noncompliance with tobacco control policies was associated with both more reported retailer barriers to compliance and less support for POS policies. Awareness of and source of information about tobacco control regulations were not associated with compliance when accounting for neighborhood and county characteristics. Conclusions Retailers expressed some support for a wide range of POS policies. Advocates and government agencies tasked with enforcement can work with retailers as stakeholders to enhance support, mitigate barriers, and promote compliance with tobacco control efforts at the point of sale.
title: Accuracy of ultrasound and ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology for axillary staging in breast cancer
Creators: name: Urizar Gorosarri, Maite
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Metastases
subject: Cancer
subject: Biopsy
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Lymph nodes
subject: Breast

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Lymph node status is essential in the medical and surgical management of women with breast cancer, being an important prognosis indicator. It can be determined by axillary ultrasound (AUS) and ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAB)...
A PSYCHO- PHONOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE SPEECH PATTERNS OF SELECTED INFANTS
Creators: name: Taiwo Alamu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: psychology, phonology, speech, infant

description: The perception of sound is basic to language acquisition and it is an important aspect of psycholinguistics. The first level of language appraisal is phonology, which studies sounds of different languages. This study examined speech patterns of selected infants from a psycho-phonological perspective. Six (6) infants between the ages of one and two were interviewed at the domestic setting and twenty (20) utterances of these infants were examined using two theories of psycholinguistic and phonological orientations—Watson’s (1913) Behavioral Theory and Ladefodged and Johnson’s (2011) Cognitive Theory of Speech Perception. The data samples were analysed both perceptually and acoustically, using the Praat software. Using Praat software, acoustic analysis was used to determine the pitch, spectrogram, and duration of speech patterns. From the demographic, perceptual and acoustic analysis, it has been found that, infants within the studied age bracket often have difficulty processing information and producing speech, which leads to erroneous responses. Additionally, it has been found that that the behavioral outlook of the studied infants depicts insensitivity to the seriousness of communication context and this also have impact on their level of perception and responses. In conclusion, this psycho-phonological inquiry has given an insight into the understanding of how infants interact with and represent language.
Local associations and the barium puzzle
Creators: name: Reddy, Arumalla B. S.
name: Lambert, David L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have observed high-dispersion echelle spectra of main-sequence stars in five nearby young associations -- Argus, Carina-Near, Hercules-Lyra, Orion and Subgroup B4 -- and derived abundances for elements ranging from Na to Eu. These are the first chemical abundance measurements for two of the five associations, while the remaining three associations are analysed more extensively in our study. Our results support the presence of chemical homogeneity among association members with a typical star-to-star abundance scatter of about 0.06 dex or less over many elements. The five associations show log$ε$(Li) consistent with their age and share a solar chemical composition for all elements with the exception of Ba. We find that all the heavy elements (Y, Zr, La, Ce, Nd, Sm and Eu) exhibit solar ratios, i.e., [X/Fe] $\simeq$ 0, while Ba is overabundant by about 0.2-0.3 dex. The origin of the overabundance of Ba is a puzzle. Within the formulation of the s-process, it is difficult to create a higher Ba abundance without a similar increase in the s-process contributions to other heavy elements (La-Sm). Given that Ba is represented by strong lines of Ba II and La-Sm are represented by rather weak ionized lines, the suggestion, as previously made by other studies, is that the Ba abundance may be systematically overestimated by standard methods of abundance analysis perhaps because the upper reaches of the stellar atmospheres are poorly represented by standard model atmospheres. A novel attempt to analyse the Ba I line at 5535 Å gives a solar Ba abundance for stars with effective temperatures hotter than about 5800 K but increasingly subsolar Ba abundances for cooler stars with apparent Ba deficiencies of 0.5 dex at 5100 K. This trend with temperature may signal a serious non-LTE effect on the Ba I line.
description: (18 pages, 8 figures, 11 tables. This paper has been accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Main Journal.)
title: Virtual Biopsy and Three Dimensional Ultrasound for Radio Frequency Ablation of Thyroid Nodules
Creators: name: D'Onofrio, Sara
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Thyroid / Parathyroids
subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Elastography
subject: Ablation procedures
subject: Outcomes

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Free-hand Ultrasound (US) plays an important role in thyroid diagnostics as a real-time examination, not ionizing and non-invasive, cost effective, ideal also for repetitive follow-up and able to give information about anatomy (B-Mode...
Supporting not-for-profit, community-led open infrastructure for Open Access books: The University of Manchester Library perspective
Creators: name: Booth, Emma
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Open Access Books
Open Infrastructure
Libraries
University of Manchester

description: In August 2021, UKRI launched a new open access policy, which for the first time includes a provision for long-form scholarly works including monographs, book chapters and edited collections published from 1 January 2024. In preparation for policy implementation, Jisc and the Open Access Books Network have come together to hold a series of online events which will focus on different publishing models for open access books. This online event is the third in the series, and in it, infrastructure providers and librarians will discuss why not-for-profit, community-led open infrastructure is so important for open access books and how it can best be supported by funders, publishers, and libraries. This presentation offers the perspective of the University of Manchester Library, given by Emma Booth, Metadata Manager for Content Management.