cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Passive fit and time efficiency for prefabricated versus conventionally constructed cobalt chromium CAD\CAM 3-unit implant supported frameworks in free end saddle models: a pilot invitro study
Creators: name: Kamel, Mohamed El-Sayed
name: Alsayed, AlHassan Alaa Eldin
name: ElKhashab, Mohamed Amr
name: Nader, Nancy
name: Radi, Iman AbdelWahab
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Additional file 1 of Being red, blue and green: the genetic basis of coloration differences in the strawberry poison frog (Oophaga pumilio)
Creators: name: Rodríguez, Ariel
name: Mundy, Nicholas I.
name: Ibáñez, Roberto
name: Pröhl, Heike
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1 SMTable 1: Assembly statistics of the original Oophaga pumilio draft genome and the re-scaffolded draft produced for this study.
Large Deviations and Exit-times for reflected McKean-Vlasov equations with self-stabilizing terms and superlinear drifts
Creators: name: Adams, Daniel
name: Reis, Gonçalo dos
name: Ravaille, Romain
name: Salkeld, William
name: Tugaut, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 60F10, secondary 60G07

description: We study a class of reflected McKean-Vlasov diffusions over a convex domain with self-stabilizing coefficients. This includes coefficients that do not satisfy the classical Wasserstein Lipschitz condition. Further, the process is constrained to a (not necessarily bounded) convex domain by a local time on the boundary. These equations include the subclass of reflected self-stabilizing diffusions that drift towards their mean via a convolution of the solution law with a stabilizing potential. Firstly, we establish existence and uniqueness results for this class and address the propagation of chaos. We work with a broad class of coefficients, including drift terms that are locally Lipschitz in spatial and measure variables. However, we do not rely on the boundedness of the domain or the coefficients to account for these non-linearities and instead use the self-stabilizing properties. We prove a Freidlin-Wentzell type Large Deviations Principle and an Eyring-Kramer's law for the exit-time from subdomains contained in the interior of the reflecting domain.
description: 42 pages
Additional file 1 of Two subphenotypes of septic acute kidney injury are associated with different 90-day mortality and renal recovery
Creators: name: Wiersema, Renske
name: Jukarainen, Sakari
name: Vaara, Suvi T.
name: Poukkanen, Meri
name: Lakkisto, Päivi
name: Wong, Hector
name: Linder, Adam
name: Horst, Iwan C. C. Van Der
name: Pettilä, Ville
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Detailed description of statistical analysis. E-Table 1: Comparison of latent class analysis models with different numbers of classes. E-Table 2: Pearson correlations of class defining variables with absolute correlations over 0.5. E-Table 3: List of variables included in multiple imputation and percentages of missing data. E-Table 4: All included variables for clustering. E-Table 5. Comparison of baseline characteristics between included and excluded patients. E-Table 6. Baseline of patients in class of 24-hour variable model. E-Table 7. Comparison of admission and 24-hour model classification. E-Figure 1: First two principal components of the variables used in the LCA, two class and three class model comparison. E-Figure 2: Heatmap of class assignments for the admission model across 31 imputations. E-Figure 3: Flowchart of patient inclusion. E-Figure 4: Standardized mean difference (SMD) plot of class defining variables of 24-hour model.
Additional file 1 of Compound-specific stable isotope analyses in Falkland Islands seabirds reveal seasonal changes in trophic positions
Creators: name: Quillfeldt, Petra
name: Masello, Juan F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Samples included in this study. All historical samples were collected in the Falkland/Malvinas area (alocality unknown, bStanley area and Beaver Island, East Falkland, coffshore waters west of the archipelago, dGrand Jason, West Falklands, eFox Bay, West Falklands) and are deposited in the American Museum of Natural History (AMNH) and the British Natural History Museum (BNHM). Table S2. Reference material values measured in the analytical run carried out for this study. Fig. S1. Comparison of trophic positions (TP) calculated usung the Glx and Phe approach versus the multiple amino acid approach.
On the r-th dispersionless Toda hierarchy I: Factorization problem, symmetries and some solutions
Creators: name: Manas, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For a family of Poisson algebras, parametrized by by an integer number r, and an associated Lie algebraic splitting, we consider the factorization of given canonical transformations. In this context we rederive the recently found r-th dispersionless modified KP hierachies and r-th dispersionless Dym hierarchies, giving a new Miura map among them. We also found a new integrable hierarchy which we call the r-th dispersionless Toda hierarchy. Moreover, additional symmetries for these hierarchies are studied in detail and new symmetries depending on arbitrary functions are explicitly constructed for the r-th dispersionless KP, r-th dispersionless Dym and r-th dispersionless Toda equations. Some solutions are derived by examining the imposition of a time invariance to the potential r-th dispersionless Dym equation, for which a complete integral is presented and therefore an appropriate envelope leads to a general solution. Symmetries and Miura maps are applied to get new solutions and solutions of the r-th dispesionless modified KP equation.
description: 40 pages, AMSLaTeX, Babel, Geometry, Hyperref. Acknowledgements added
Combined exercise-based rehabilitation for adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and/or chronic heart failure
Creators: name: Jones, Amy
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 119999 Medical and Health Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other medical sciences

description: The presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and chronic heart failure (CHF) often mean individuals experience exertional dyspnoea and fatigue. Both COPD and CHF are important long-term conditions with significant symptom burden. Due to the shared risk-factors, these conditions frequently co-exist. Exercise is recommended in the management of both these chronic conditions, specifically through Pulmonary Rehabilitation (PR) and Cardiac Rehabilitation (CR),respectively. There is a wealth of evidence demonstrating the benefits of these treatments, such as improved exercise capacity and health-related quality of life. Despite both treatments comprising of structured exercise training and educational material, the aims and outcome measures typically reported vary, with CR largely assessing cardiovascular risk and PR largely assessing exercise capacity and health-related quality of life.There is increasing interest to combine exercise rehabilitation for adults with COPD, CHF or co-existing COPD and CHF into one programme with a combination of outcomes assessed. To the best of our knowledge, the feasibility of collecting additional outcome measures within a combined exercise rehabilitation programme for adults with COPD, CHF or both COPD and CHF is unknown. [Continues.]
Additional file 1 of Review of MrsFreqPhase methods: methods designed to estimate statistically malaria parasite multiplicity of infection, relatedness, frequency and phase
Creators: name: Taylor, Aimee R.
name: Neubauer Vickers, Eric
name: Greenhouse, Bryan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
B fields from a Luddite perspective
Creators: name: Stern, Mark A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this talk we discuss the geometric realization of B fields and higher p-form potentials on a manifold M as connections on affine bundles over M. We realize D branes on M as special submanifolds of these affine bundles. As an application of this geometric understanding of the B field, we give a simple geometric explanation for the Chern-Simons modification of the field strength of the B field.
description: 7 pages. From a talk given at the 3rd International Symposium on Quantum Theory and Symmetries (QTS3)
Characteristic Lengths of Interlayer Charge-Transfer in Correlated Oxide Heterostructures
Creators: name: Omar, Ganesh Ji
name: Li, Mengsha
name: Chi, Xiao
name: Huang, Zhen
name: Lim, Zhi Shiuh
name: Prakash, Saurav
name: Zeng, Shengwei
name: Li, Changjian
name: Yu, Xiaojiang
name: Tang, Chunhua
name: Song, Dongsheng
name: Rusydi, Andrivo
name: Venkatesan, Thirumalai
name: Pennycook, Stephen John
name: Ariando, Ariando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using interlayer interaction to control functional heterostructures with atomic-scale designs has become one of the most effective interface-engineering strategies nowadays. Here, we demonstrate the effect of a crystalline LaFeO3 buffer layer on amorphous and crystalline LaAlO3/SrTiO3 heterostructures. The LaFeO3 buffer layer acts as an energetically favored electron acceptor in both LaAlO3/SrTiO3 systems, resulting in modulation of interfacial carrier density and hence metal-to-insulator transition. For amorphous and crystalline LaAlO3/SrTiO3 heterostructures, the metal-to-insulator transition is found when the LaFeO3 layer thickness crosses 3 and 6 unit cells, respectively. Such different critical LaFeO3 thicknesses are explained in terms of distinct characteristic lengths of the redox-reaction-mediated and polar-catastrophe-dominated charge transfer, controlled by the interfacial atomic contact and Thomas-Fermi screening effect, respectively. Our results not only shed light on the complex interlayer charge transfer across oxide heterostructures but also provides a new route to precisely tailor the charge-transfer process at a functional interface.
description: 40 Pages, 14 Figures, 1 Table
SVM-based Channel Estimation and Data Detection for One-Bit Massive MIMO Systems
Creators: name: Nguyen, Ly V.
name: Swindlehurst, A. Lee
name: Nguyen, Duy H. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The use of low-resolution Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADCs) is a practical solution for reducing cost and power consumption for massive Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems. However, the severe nonlinearity of low-resolution ADCs causes significant distortions in the received signals and makes the channel estimation and data detection tasks much more challenging. In this paper, we show how \textit{Support Vector Machine} (\textit{SVM}), a well-known supervised-learning technique in machine learning, can be exploited to provide efficient and robust channel estimation and data detection in massive MIMO systems with one-bit ADCs. First, the problem of channel estimation for uncorrelated channels is formulated as a conventional SVM problem. The objective function of this SVM problem is then modified for estimating spatially correlated channels. Next, a two-stage detection algorithm is proposed where SVM is further exploited in the first stage. The performance of the proposed data detection method is very close to that of Maximum-Likelihood (ML) data detection when the channel is perfectly known. We also propose an SVM-based joint Channel Estimation and Data Detection (CE-DD) method, which makes use of both the to-be-decoded data vectors and the pilot data vectors to improve the estimation and detection performance. Finally, an extension of the proposed methods to OFDM systems with frequency-selective fading channels is presented. Simulation results show that the proposed methods are efficient and robust, and also outperform existing ones.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures, submitted for a journal publication
Additional file 1 of A systematic review of sample size estimation accuracy on power in malaria cluster randomised trials measuring epidemiological outcomes
Creators: name: Biggs, Joseph
name: Challenger, Joseph D.
name: Hellewell, Joel
name: Churcher, Thomas S.
name: Cook, Jackie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1
Linear functions on the classical matrix groups
Creators: name: Meckes, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $M$ be a random matrix in the orthogonal group $Ø_n$, distributed according to Haar measure, and let $A$ be a fixed $n\times n$ matrix over $\R$ such that $\tr(AA^t)=n$. Then the total variation distance of the random variable $\tr(AM)$ to standard normal is bounded by $2\sqrt{3}/(n-1)$, and this rate is sharp up to the constant. Analogous results are obtained for $M$ a random unitary matrix and $A$ a fixed $n\times n$ matrix over $\C$. The proofs are applications of a new abstract normal approximation theorem which extends Stein's method of exchangeable pairs to situations in which continuous symmetries are present.
description: 13 pages, reorganized to include new abstract approximation theorem, typographical errors fixed
Ultracompact Binaries as Bright X-Ray Sources in Elliptical Galaxies
Creators: name: Bildsten, Lars
name: Deloye, Christopher J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chandra observations of distant elliptical galaxies have revealed large numbers of Low Mass X-ray Binaries (LMXBs) accreting at rates in excess of 10^{-8} solar masses per year. The majority of these LMXBs reside in globular clusters (GCs) and it has been suggested that many of the field LMXBs also originated in GCs. We show here that ultracompact binaries with orbital periods of 8-10 minutes and He or C/O donors of 0.06-0.08 solar masses naturally provide the observed accretion rates from gravitational radiation losses alone. Such systems are predicted to be formed in the dense GC environment, a hypothesis supported by the 11.4 minute binary 4U 1820-30, the brightest persistent LMXB in a Galactic GC. These binaries have short enough lifetimes (less then 3 Myr) while bright that we calculate their luminosity function under a steady-state approximation. This yields a luminosity function slope in agreement with that observed for luminosities in the range of 6E37 ergs/sec to 5E38 ergs/sec, encouraging us to use the observed numbers of LMXBs per GC mass to calculate the accumulated number of ultracompact binaries. For a constant birthrate over 8 Gyrs, the number of ultracompact binaries which have evolved through this bright phase is nearly 4000 in a 10 million solar mass GC, consistent with dynamical interaction calculations. Perhaps most importantly, if all ultracompacts become millisecond radio pulsars, then the observed normalization agrees with the inferred number of millisecond radio pulsars in 47 Tuc and Galactic GCs in general.
description: to Appear in Astrophysical Journal Letters
title: Large-sized pilomatrixoma of the right elbow: MRI case report on a middle-aged patient
Creators: name: Barbaro, Ugo
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Soft tissues / Skin
subject: MR
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: Surgery
subject: Cancer
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: This case report focuses on uncommon benign neoplasm on the right elbow of a 39-years-old male patient. The patient underwent MRI examination, as requested by his personal General Practitioner (GP), with pre and post-contrast medium administration at the Department of Radiology of our local hospital.

The execution of MRI was justified to evaluate the likely presence of a connective tissue capsule and its peritumoral standing. In fact, we suspected that such lesion was infiltrating the muscles of the patient’s forearm. This skin lesion was characterized by slow-growth path (diameter 7 cm) and reddish colour as illustrated in Fig.1. 

description: 39 years, male
Studies of Angular Correlations in the Decays $B^0_s\to J/ψϕ$ by Using the SIMUB Generator
Creators: name: Belkov, A.
name: Shulga, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The performance of the method of angular moments on the $ΔΓ_s$ determination from analysis of untagged decays $B^0_s(t),\bar{B}^0_s(t)\to J/ψ(\to l^+l^-) ϕ(\to K^+K^-)$ is examined by using the SIMUB generator. The results of Monte Carlo studies with evaluation of measurement errors are presented. The method of angular moments gives stable results for the estimate of $ΔΓ_s$ and is found to be an efficient and flexible tool for the quantitative investigation of the $B^0_s\to J/ψϕ$ decay. The statistical error of the ratio $ΔΓ_s/Γ_s$ for values of this ratio in the interval [0.03, 0.3] was found to be independent on this value, being 0.015 for $10^5$ events.
description: 34 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Comp. Phys. Comm. at 27/07/2003
title: Sustainable Improvement Processes for 21st Century Manufacturing Enterprises
Creators: name: Batley, Alun
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2006

description: This research describes how a practical tool or model, that supports sustainable performance improvement in manufacturing organisations, was successfully developed. As there is no improvement without change then this research is also about change - organisational change. The justification for the research is based on the concept that many improvement initiatives fail to deliver the benefits that are claimed for them. Research undertaken in the automotive industry in Wales indicated that the organisations surveyed attempted an average of thirteen initiatives each. This surprising figure, added substance to the need for this research, to clarify the reasons for undertaking improvement initiatives and the necessity for a clear mechanism for the introduction, implementation and sustainability of the improvement process. The literature indicated a number of essential factors that affect the success or failure of a change programme or the introduction of a new initiative. These factors were confirmed through six case studies based in three different organisations. The research was primarily concerned with the process used to successfully introduce and sustain performance improvement and the challenge was to develop a practical tool that works rather than just be a search for knowledge. The information from the case studies and the literature reviews provided detailed information that enabled the model to be developed. Subsequently, the model was developed, and its functionality tested, using a company in south east Wales and through three field experiments in three separate organisations. A unique element of the model was the development of an Initiative Measurement Process (IMP) that can be used to evaluate the likely success of an improvement programme based on a number of factors being in place. Further work has been identified including refining the IMP and its scoring system, ongoing testing of the accuracy and validity of the culture questionnaire and using the model over a longer period in a manufacturing company possibly using internal facilitators. This research adds to knowledge in that a practical tool that supports the implementation and sustainability of performance improvement initiatives through the consideration of a number of factors that will also significantly increase the likelihood of success has been developed and thoroughly tested.
Additional file 1 of Who should decide for local health services? A mixed methods study of preferences for decision-making in the decentralized Philippine health system
Creators: name: Harvy Joy Liwanag
name: Wyss, Kaspar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Online survey questionnaire
Financing the Third Branch in Lean Times : Placing the Present Fiscal Crisis in Perspective
Creators: name: Baar, Carl
name: Cooper, Caroline S.
name: Friesen, Ernest C.
name: Hall, Daniel
name: Reinkensmeyer, Marcus
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.); National Association for Court Management; National Center for State Courts
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4402
subject: Criminology
subject: FOS: Law

description: BJA-American University Criminal Courts Technical Assistance Project
Quasar jet emission model applied to the microquasar GRS 1915+105
Creators: name: Turler, M.
name: Courvoisier, T. J. -L.
name: Chaty, S.
name: Fuchs, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The true nature of the radio emitting material observed to be moving relativistically in quasars and microquasars is still unclear. The microquasar community usually interprets them as distinct clouds of plasma, while the extragalactic community prefers a shock wave model. Here we show that the synchrotron variability pattern of the microquasar GRS 1915+105 observed on 15 May 1997 can be reproduced by the standard shock model for extragalactic jets, which describes well the long-term behaviour of the quasar 3C 273. This strengthens the analogy between the two classes of objects and suggests that the physics of relativistic jets is independent of the mass of the black hole. The model parameters we derive for GRS 1915+105 correspond to a rather dissipative jet flow, which is only mildly relativistic with a speed of 0.60 c. We can also estimate that the shock waves form in the jet at a distance of about 1 AU from the black hole.
description: accepted for publication in A&A Letters
Embedding Jamming Attacks into Physical Layer Models in Optical Networks
Creators: name: Bensalem, Mounir
name: Brasileiro, Ítalo
name: Drummond, André
name: Jukan, Admela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Optical networks are prone to physical layer attacks, in particular the insertion of high jamming power. In this paper, we present a study of jamming attacks in elastic optical networks (EON) by embedding the jamming into the physical layer model, and we analyze its impact on the blocking probability and slots utilization. We evaluate our proposed model using a single link and a network topology and we show that for in-band-jamming, the slots utilization decreases with the increase of jamming power, and becomes null when the jamming power is higher than 3 dB, while for out-of-band jamming, the impact is maximal for a specific jamming power, 1.75 dB in our simulation. Considering multiple positions of attackers, we attained the highest blocking probability 32% for a specific jamming power 2 dB. We conclude that the impact of jamming depends on attacker positions as well as the jamming power.
Implementation of a Drug Treatment Court within Existing Legislation-Or Do You Need to Change the Law? Basic Principles of a Drug Treatment Court EU-AC Drug Treatment City Partnerships
Creators: name: Cooper, Caroline S.
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4402
subject: Criminology
subject: FOS: Law

description: EU-LAC Alianza de Ciudades en Tratamiento de Drogas
Additional file 1 of Establishment and characterization of patient-derived xenografts as paraclinical models for head and neck cancer
Creators: name: Kang, Han Na
name: Jae-Hwan Kim
name: A-Young Park
name: Choi, Jae Woo
name: Lim, Sun Min
name: Jinna Kim
name: Shin, Eun Joo
name: Hong, Min Hee
name: Kyoung-Ho Pyo
name: Yun, Mi Ran
name: Kim, Dong Hwi
name: Lee, Hanna
name: Yoon, Sun Och
name: Kim, Da Hee
name: Park, Young Min
name: Byeon, Hyung Kwon
name: Inkyung Jung
name: Soonmyung Paik
name: Koh, Yoon Woo
name: Cho, Byoung Chul
name: Kim, Hye Ryun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1 : Supplementary Table 1. Baseline characteristics of patients (N = 15). Supplementary Table 2. Detailed pathologic information of F0 and F2 generation. Supplementary Table 3. Multivariate analysis to determine the association between covariates and patients- derived xenograft establishment. Supplementary Table 4. Latency time of 15 established PDX models. Supplementary Table 5. Detailed information of established head and neck cancer patient-derived xenografts
Homodyne measurement of average photon number
Creators: name: Webb, J. G.
name: Ralph, T. C.
name: Huntington, E. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a new scheme for the measurement of mean photon flux at an arbitrary optical sideband frequency using homodyne detection. Experimental implementation of the technique requires an AOM in addition to the homodyne detector, and does not require phase locking. The technique exhibits polarisation, frequency and spatial mode selectivity, as well as much improved speed, resolution and dynamic range when compared to linear photodetectors and avalanche photo diodes (APDs), with potential application to quantum state tomography and information encoding using an optical frequency basis. Experimental data also directly confirms the Quantum Mechanical description of vacuum noise.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev. A. Only this 'comments:' field changed from last submission
Additional file 2 of A systematic review of sample size estimation accuracy on power in malaria cluster randomised trials measuring epidemiological outcomes
Creators: name: Biggs, Joseph
name: Challenger, Joseph D.
name: Hellewell, Joel
name: Churcher, Thomas S.
name: Cook, Jackie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Material 2
Food Spending
Creators: name: Manchester, Alden
name: Manchester, Alden
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: 'Incomes normally rise faster than food expenditures, but in 1990, food spending as a percentage of income rose slightly. Much of the growth in food spending came from people eating more outside the home, where prices are higher than in grocery stores. Rising incomes are chiefly responsible for the increased spending on food away from home. Much of the increase in household income is due to a rise in the number of households with more than one earner. Such households generally have more money and less time, and eat out more often, than single-earner households. Food and alcoholic beverage expenditures in the United States totaled $626 billion in 1990, 6 percent more than in 1989 (table 1). Total spending for food to be eaten at home rose 5.2 percent from 1989 to 1990, while expenditures for food away from home increased 7.2 percent. Since 1965, away-from-home food expenditures have increased nearly ninefold, which is double the rate of increase of athome expenditures (table 1). People are eating out more as incomes rise and as more women are employed outside the home. Spending for alcoholic beverages rose 4 percent from 1989. In real terms (once adjusted for inflation), however, total overall food sales rose just 0.3 percent between 1989 and 1990. A 2.1-percent increase in real spending for food away from home was offset by a 1.1 -percent decline in real spending for food at home.
Ecoporanga achira Napp and Martins 2006
Creators: name: Monné, Marcela L.
name: Monné, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Ecoporanga
Ecoporanga achira

description: Ecoporanga achira Napp and Martins, 2006
 Ecoporanga achira Napp and Martins, 2006: 246; Wappes et al. 2009: 2 (holotype); Bezark and Monné, 2013: 80; Monné, 2013: 150.
Described and known only from the type locality: Achira (Santa Cruz, Bolivia).
description: Published as part of Monné, Marcela L. & Monné, Miguel A., 2014, Synopsis of the genus Ecoporanga Napp and Martins (Insecta: Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), pp. 2369-2373 in Journal of Natural History 48 (39 - 40) on page 2370, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2014.909063, http://zenodo.org/record/4607671
Asymptotically Safe QED
Creators: name: Gies, Holger
name: Ziebell, Jobst
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-energy completeness of quantum electrodynamics (QED) can be induced by an interacting ultraviolet fixed point of the renormalization flow. We provide evidence for the existence of two of such fixed points in the subspace spanned by the gauge coupling, the electron mass and the Pauli spin-field coupling. Renormalization group trajectories emanating from these fixed points correspond to asymptotically safe theories that are free from the Landau pole problem. We analyze the resulting universality classes defined by the fixed points, determine the corresponding critical exponents, study the resulting phase diagram, and quantify the stability of our results with respect to a systematic expansion scheme. We also compute high-energy complete flows towards the long-range physics. We observe the existence of a renormalization group trajectory that interconnects one of the interacting fixed points with the physical low-energy behavior of QED as measured in experiment. Within pure QED, we estimate the crossover from perturbative QED to the asymptotically safe fixed point regime to occur somewhat above the Planck scale but far below the scale of the Landau pole.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures; v3: minor corrections to Eq. (7), Tab. III and the figures; quantitative changes to Eqs. (19) and (20) correcting previous and published versions
Double Exchange in a Magnetically Frustrated System
Creators: name: Fishman, Randy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work examines the magnetic order and spin dynamics of a double-exchange model with competing ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic Heisenberg interactions between the local moments. The Heisenberg interactions are periodically arranged in a Villain configuration in two dimensions with nearest-neighbor, ferromagnetic coupling $J$ and antiferromagnetic coupling $-ηJ$. This model is solved at zero temperature by performing a $1/\sqrt{S}$ expansion in the rotated reference frame of each local moment. When $η$ exceeds a critical value, the ground state is a magnetically frustrated, canted antiferromagnet. With increasing hopping energy $t$ or magnetic field $B$, the local moments become aligned and the ferromagnetic phase is stabilized above critical values of $t$ or $B$. In the canted phase, a charge-density wave forms because the electrons prefer to sit on lines of sites that are coupled ferromagnetically. Due to a change in the topology of the Fermi surface from closed to open, phase separation occurs in a narrow range of parameters in the canted phase. In zero field, the long-wavelength spin waves are isotropic in the region of phase separation. Whereas the average spin-wave stiffness in the canted phase increases with $t$ or $η$, it exhibits a more complicated dependence on field. This work strongly suggests that the jump in the spin-wave stiffness observed in Pr$_{1-x}$Ca$_x$MnO$_3$ with $0.3 \le x \le 0.4$ at a field of 3 T is caused by the delocalization of the electrons rather than by the alignment of the antiferromagnetic regions.
description: 28 pages, 12 figures
Additional file 2 of Establishment and characterization of patient-derived xenografts as paraclinical models for head and neck cancer
Creators: name: Kang, Han Na
name: Jae-Hwan Kim
name: A-Young Park
name: Choi, Jae Woo
name: Lim, Sun Min
name: Jinna Kim
name: Shin, Eun Joo
name: Hong, Min Hee
name: Kyoung-Ho Pyo
name: Yun, Mi Ran
name: Kim, Dong Hwi
name: Lee, Hanna
name: Yoon, Sun Och
name: Kim, Da Hee
name: Park, Young Min
name: Byeon, Hyung Kwon
name: Inkyung Jung
name: Soonmyung Paik
name: Koh, Yoon Woo
name: Cho, Byoung Chul
name: Kim, Hye Ryun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2 : Supplementary Figure 1. Comparison of histopathologic and immunohistochemistry findings between patients and their matched patient-derived xenografts (PDXs, F2 generation) of head and neck cancer squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Left columns show hematoxylin and eosin-staining and right columns show immunohistochemical staining of p63, a marker of squamous cell carcinoma, from patients and the PDX of each model. Representative stained sections are shown (magnification: 200× in patient samples; scale bars = 100 μm).Supplementary Figure 2. P16 immunohistochemistry staining of tumor tissue between patient and PDX model. Supplementary Figure 3. Ki67 immunohistochemistry staining on tumor tissue of patient derived xenograft model. Supplementary Figure 4. Tumor growth rate to anti-cancer therapy in YHIM-3006 and 3011 models.
A Comment on "Brans-Dicke Cosmology with a scalar field potential"
Creators: name: Vinet, Jérémie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a recent letter claiming to present exact cosmological solutions in Brans-Dicke theory actually uses a flawed set of equations as the starting point for their analysis. The results presented in the letter are therefore not valid.
description: 2 pages, no figures. To appear in Europhysics Letters
Per Capita Food Spending
Creators: name: Blaylock, James R.
name: Smallwood, David M.
name: Blisard, Noel
name: Blaylock, James R.
name: Smallwood, David M.
name: Blisard, Noel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: NVhen adjusted for inflation, U.S. per capita spending of urban households on food for consumption at home declined more than 6 percent from 1980 to 1988, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. On the other hand, inflation-adjusted (real) per person away-from-home food spending rose more than 10 percent. The net of these two changes was a small decline in real total per person food spending. These averages, however, mask the fact that some population groups spent much less in 1988, after adjusting for inflation, while others spent more. For example, total food spending grew rapidly for single people, while spending declined sharply for households with six or more members. Single people spent almost twice as much on weekly food per person as five-member households— $36.73 versus $19.23 in 1988. Per person food spending declines as household size increases, but larger households have a much larger total food bill than smaller households. In 1988, for example, one-person households spent $36.73 weekly and five-person households spent $96.15. Nevertheless, household food spending does not increase proportionately with household size because larger households can take advantage of economies of size (such as buying in bulk), tend to have more children (who eat smaller portions), and tend to buy a different mix of food.
Pulsar Birthrate from Parkes Multi-beam Survey
Creators: name: Vranesevic, N.
name: Manchester, R. N.
name: Hobbs, G. B.
name: Lyne, A. G.
name: Kramer, M.
name: Lorimer, D. R.
name: Camilo, F.
name: Stairs, I. H.
name: Kaspi, V. M.
name: D'Amico, N.
name: Possenti, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on calculations of the pulsar birthrate based on the results of the Parkes multibeam survey. From the observed sample of more than 800 pulsars, we compute the pulsar current, accounting as accurately as possible for all known selection effects. The main goal of this work is to understand the pulsar birthrate as a function of the surface dipole magnetic field strengths. We show that pulsars with magnetic fields greater than 10**12.5 G account for about half of the total birthrate.
description: To appear in "Young Neutron Stars and Their Environments" (IAU Symposium 218, ASP Conference Proceedings), eds F. Camilo and B. M. Gaensler
Dark-dark soliton breathing patterns in multi-component Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Wang, Wenlong
name: Zhao, Li-Chen
name: Charalampidis, Efstathios G.
name: Kevrekidis, Panayotis G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we explore systematically various SO(2)-rotation-induced multiple dark-dark soliton breathing patterns obtained from stationary and spectrally stable multiple dark-bright and dark-dark waveforms in trapped one-dimensional, two-component atomic Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs). The stationary states stem from the associated linear limits (as the eigenfunctions of the quantum harmonic oscillator problem) and are parametrically continued to the nonlinear regimes by varying the respective chemical potentials, i.e., from the low-density linear limits to the high-density Thomas-Fermi regimes. We perform a Bogolyubov-de Gennes (BdG) spectral stability analysis to identify stable parametric regimes of these states. Upon SO(2)-rotation, the stable steady-states, one-, two-, three-, four-, and many dark-dark soliton breathing patterns are observed in the numerical simulations. Furthermore, analytic solutions up to three dark-bright solitons in the homogeneous setting, and three-component systems are also investigated.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures
Generalized N=(2,2) Supersymmetric Non-Linear Sigma Models
Creators: name: Lindstrom, Ulf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We rewrite the N=(2,2) non-linear sigma model using auxiliary spinorial superfields defining the model on ${\cal T}\oplus^ *{\cal T}$, where ${\cal T}$ is the tangent bundle of the target space. This is motivated by possible connections to Hitchin's generalized complex structures. We find the general form of the second supersymmetry compatible with that of the original model.
description: 13 pages, Latex Minor corrections to agree with published version
Food Costs Beyond the Farm Gate
Creators: name: Elitzak, Howard
name: Elitzak, Howard
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Higher marketing costs were the primary cause of rising consumer expenditures on food over the past decade. Marketing costs are measured by the marketing bill, which is the difference between the farm value of domestically produced foods and the final cost to consumers. Between 1980 and 1990, the marketing bill rose 83 percent and accounted for most of the 67- percent rise in consumer domestic food spending (figure 1). The farm value, or farmer's share, of food purchases climbed only 30 percent (see box).
title: Open issues in composite indicators. A starting point and a reference on some state-of-the-art issues
Creators: name: Otoiu, Adrian
name: Pareto, Adriano
name: Grimaccia, Elena
name: Mazziotta, Matteo
name: Terzi, Silvia
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2021

description: Il libro descrive e affronta alcune questioni tutt’ora aperte nel campo della costruzione di indicatori compositi. Si propone come complemento a riferimenti consolidati quali OECD handbook of composite indicators, e approfondisce temi che saranno certo oggetto di ampio sviluppo nel prossimo futuro, soprattutto nell’ambito degli indicatori di benessere e progresso umano. La prima parte del libro illustra lo stato dell’arte delle metodologie per la costruzione di indicatori compositi mentre la seconda parte affronta specifici nodi critici piu’ recenti. Il libro fornisce strumenti utili sia a ricercatori con una conoscenza limitata degli indicatori compositi, che a studiosi interessati ad un aggiornamento su temi più avanzati.
Inter-Brane Potential and the Decay of a non-BPS-D-brane to Closed Strings
Creators: name: Sarangi, Saswat
name: Tye, S. -H. Henry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the potential for $Dp-\Dbar p$ pair and show that the coincident $Dp-\Dbar p$ system has $(11-p)$ tachyonic modes, with $(9-p)$ of them due to radiative corrections. We propose that the decay width of an unstable non-BPS-$Dp$-brane to closed strings is given by the imaginary part of the one-loop contribution to the effective potential of the open string tachyon mode.
description: 16 Pages, 3 Figures
The Food Marketing System
Creators: name: Gallo, Anthony E.
name: Gallo, Anthony E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The U.S. food marketing system has entered the 1990's considerably changed in size, competitiveness, and performance from that of the early 1980's. The food marketing system's 380,000 firms that process, wholesale, and retail the Nation's food supply have become considerably more concentrated and deeper in debt. They are introducing more new and diverse products to satisfy consumer demand. Also, food firms are more international in character, with foreign food firms owning stock in American food companies and American food firms owning stock in foreign food companies. The system has been performing spectacularly as the 1990's unfold. Profits and productivity are up. Common stock prices of food firms rose more than those of other firms. And, food firms are leading other firms in automation. Yet, the food marketing system's relative economic importance to the rest of the economy has been declining as consumers spend a declining share of their income on food.
Ecoporanga cooperi Monné & Monné 2014, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Monné, Marcela L.
name: Monné, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Ecoporanga
Ecoporanga cooperi

description: Ecoporanga cooperi sp. nov.
(Figure 1A)   Description
 Female. Integument of head, prothorax and mesosternum orange-brown. Antennae, legs, metasternum and abdomen black. Scutellum and elytra shiny green with metallic reflections. Head with moderately sparse punctures, more conspicuous on frons. Antennae without setae, attaining elytral apex; scape sparsely punctate; antennomeres III–IV with minute spiniform projection at inferior face of distal extremity and very sparse setae; antennomeres VI–XI covered with dense greyish pubescence. Pronotum sparsely punctate. Sides of prothorax and prosternum smooth, with obsolete longitudinal wrinkles. Mesosternum, metasternum and urosternites covered with whitish pubescence, with silvery reflections. Elytra parallel-sided from base to distal fifth; apex subtruncate, unarmed; surface densely, coarsely punctate, with sparse setae. Femora and tibiae with sparse long setae; mesofemora and metafemora with short, rounded apical projection.    Etymology
The species is named for Mr Martin V. Cooper, British hymenopterist, Herefordshire, UK, who collected the holotype.   Measurements in mm, holotype female
Total length, 7.0; prothorax length, 1.4; prothorax width, 1.0; elytral length, 4.8; humeral width, 1.4.   Type material
Female holotype, Peru, Amazonas: Rodríguez de Mendoza, 1500 m, 16. V.1982, M. Cooper col. (BMNH).   Comments
 Ecoporanga cooperi sp. nov. is similar to E.achira Napp and Martins, 2006, which also has unarmed elytral apex. It is distinguished by the antennae and legs black and elytra green with metallic reflections. In E.achira, the antennae and legs are orange and the elytra blue with metallic reflections.
description: Published as part of Monné, Marcela L. & Monné, Miguel A., 2014, Synopsis of the genus Ecoporanga Napp and Martins (Insecta: Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), pp. 2369-2373 in Journal of Natural History 48 (39 - 40) on pages 2370-2371, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2014.909063, http://zenodo.org/record/4607671
Asymptotic symmetries and subleading soft graviton theorem in higher dimensions
Creators: name: Colferai, Dimitri
name: Lionetti, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the relation between the subleading soft graviton theorem and asymptotic symmetries in gravity in even dimensions $d=2+2m$ higher than four. After rewriting the subleading soft graviton theorem as a Ward identity, we argue that the charges of such identity generate Diff$(S^{2m})$. In order to show that, we propose suitable commutation relation among certain components of the metric fields. As a result, all Diff$(S^{2m})$ transformations are symmetries of gravitational scattering.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure; v2 added references; v3 extended sec.3, added appendix, published version; v4 added note and references