cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Experimental evidence of crystal symmetry protection for the topological nodal line semimetal state in ZrSiS
Creators: name: Gu, C. C.
name: Hu, J.
name: Chen, X. L.
name: Guo, Z. P.
name: Fu, B. T.
name: Zhou, Y. H.
name: An, C.
name: Zhou, Y.
name: Zhang, R. R.
name: Xi, C. Y.
name: Gu, Q. Y.
name: Park, C.
name: Shu, H. Y.
name: Yang, W. G.
name: Pi, L.
name: Zhang, Y. H.
name: Yao, Y. G.
name: Yang, Z. R.
name: Zhou, J. H.
name: Sun, J.
name: Mao, Z. Q.
name: Tian, M. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tunable symmetry breaking plays a crucial role for the manipulation of topological phases of quantum matter. Here, through combined high-pressure magneto-transport measurements, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction, we demonstrate a pressure-induced topological phase transition in nodal-line semimetal ZrSiS. Symmetry analysis and first-principles calculations suggest that this pressure-induced topological phase transition may be attributed to weak lattice distortions by non-hydrostatic compression, which breaks some crystal symmetries, such as the mirror and inversion symmetries. This finding provides some experimental evidence for crystal symmetry protection for the topological semimetal state, which is at the heart of topological relativistic fermion physics.
description: 27 pages, 17 figures
Hidden-charm and bottom tetra- and pentaquarks with strangeness in the hadro-quarkonium and compact tetraquark models
Creators: name: Ferretti, J.
name: Santopinto, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In two recent papers, we used the hadro-quarkonium model to study the properties of hidden-charm and bottom tetraquarks and pentaquarks. Here, we extend the previous results and calculate the masses of heavy-quarkonium-kaon/hyperon systems. We also compute the spectrum of hidden-charm and bottom tetraquarks with strangeness in the compact tetraquark (diquark-antidiquark) model. If heavy-light exotic systems with non-null strangeness content were to be observed experimentally, it might be possible to distinguish among the large variety of available theoretical pictures for tetra- and pentaquark states and, possibly, rule out those which are not compatible with the data.
Application of BEA Economic Areas in the Development of the Great Basin Fiscal Impact Model
Creators: name: Harris, Thomas R.
name: Shonkwiler, John Scott
name: Ebai, George E.
name: Janson, Peter
name: Harris, Thomas R.
name: Shonkwiler, John Scott
name: Ebai, George E.
name: Janson, Peter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: With changing revenue and service responsibilities between federal, state and local governments, the need for local decisionmakers to accurately assess fiscal impacts of new economic devel - opments or federal government programs has become increasingly important. In this paper we explore the use of cross-sectional data and procedures to derive a fiscal impact model that crosses state boundaries. This study uses BEA Economic Areas to select counties to be included in the Great Basin fiscal impact model. Fixed effects are specified to incorporate institutional differences between states and metropolitan counties. Results of this analysis indicate that model derivation is not statistically impacted by use of place of work employment rather than place of residence employment. An example analysis for a rural Nevada county shows how the Great Basin fiscal model can be applied to measure changes in county fiscal balances.
Light-controlled skyrmions and torons as reconfigurable particles
Creators: name: Sohn, Hayley R. O.
name: Liu, Changda D.
name: Smalyukh, Ivan I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological solitons, such as skyrmions, arise in field theories of systems ranging from Bose-Einstein condensates to optics, particle physics, and cosmology, but they are rarely accessible experimentally. Chiral nematic liquid crystals provide a platform to study skyrmions because of their natural tendency to form twisted structures arising from the lack of mirror symmetry at the molecular level. However, large-scale dynamic control and technological utility of skyrmions remain limited. Combining experiments and numerical modeling of chiral liquid crystals with optically controlled helical pitch, we demonstrate that low-intensity, unstructured light can control stability, dimensions, interactions, spatial patterning, self-assembly, and dynamics of these topological solitons.
Regional Economic Diversity: Action, Concept, or State of Confusion
Creators: name: Wagner, John E.
name: Wagner, John E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Institutional and Behavioral Economics

description: Economic diversity has been promoted as a means to achieve the goals of stability and growth. However, the link between diversity, diversification and economic performance depends on the differences, both conceptually and empirically, between diversity and diversification. Unfortunately, the literature contains varying definitions of diversity and diversification. I propose two key points in defining diversity. First, it is a static concept. Second, it examines the size, the presence of multiple specializations, and the linkages present among industries within a region’s economy. A brief review of diversity measures is used to discuss measuring diversity relative to some standard, as an explanatory variable in examining growth and stability, and other issues. No one diversity measure is critique free; care should be taken when using a diversity measure as the only factor in a policy designed to change the structure of a region’s economy, given the goals of growth and stability.
Complex band structure with ultrasoft pseudopotentials: fcc Ni and Ni nanowire
Creators: name: Smogunov, A.
name: Corso, A. Dal
name: Tosatti, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize to magnetic transition metals the approach proposed by Choi and Ihm for calculating the complex band structure of periodic systems, a key ingredient for future calculations of conductivity of an open quantum system within the Landauer-Buttiker theory. The method is implemented with ultrasoft pseudopotentials and plane wave basis set in a DFT-LSDA ab-initio scheme. As a first example, we present the complex band structure of bulk fcc Ni (which constitutes the tips of a Ni nanocontact) and monatomic Ni wire (the junction between two tips). Based on our results, we anticipate some features of the spin-dependent conductance in a Ni nanocontact.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, to be published in "Surface Science"
MOESM2 of Evaluating DREAMS HIV prevention interventions targeting adolescent girls and young women in high HIV prevalence districts in South Africa: protocol for a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: George, Gavin
name: Cawood, Cherie
name: Puren, Adrian
name: Khanyile, David
name: Gerritsen, Annette
name: Kaymarlin Govender
name: Beckett, Sean
name: Glenshaw, Mary
name: Karidia Diallo
name: Kassahun Ayalew
name: Gibbs, Andrew
name: Tarylee Reddy
name: Madurai, Lorna
name: Tendesayi Kufa-Chakezha
name: Kharsany, Ayesha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2. Caregiver Questionnaire.
Semiclassical Calculation of the C Operator in PT-Symmetric Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Bender, Carl M.
name: Jones, Hugh F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To determine the Hilbert space and inner product for a quantum theory defined by a non-Hermitian $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric Hamiltonian $H$, it is necessary to construct a new time-independent observable operator called $C$. It has recently been shown that for the {\it cubic} $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric Hamiltonian $H=p^2+ x^2+iεx^3$ one can obtain $\mathcal{C}$ as a perturbation expansion in powers of $ε$. This paper considers the more difficult case of noncubic Hamiltonians of the form $H=p^2+x^2(ix)^δ$ ($δ\geq0$). For these Hamiltonians it is shown how to calculate $\mathcal{C}$ by using nonperturbative semiclassical methods.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure
The impact of the locally measured Hubble parameter on the mass of Sterile neutrino
Creators: name: Ebadinejad, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a precise analysis to test hypothetical models involving sterile neutrinos beyond the standard flat-$Λ$CDM cosmology with the CMB observations from the $Planck$ mission and BAO measurements. This analysis shows that adding the locally measured Hubble parameter $H_{0}$ = $73.00\pm1.75 $ km $\textrm s^{-1}$ Mp$\textrm c^{-1} $ to the data removes the need for the informative physical $m_{sterile}^{thermal}$ prior in CMB constraints of $ m_{ν,sterile}^{eff}$. Under the constraints from the data containing the locally measured $H_{0}$ we obtain an upper limit $ m_{ν,sterile}^{eff} < 0.306 $ eV scale mass for the massive sterile neutrino, and an upper limit $Σm_ν < 0.214$ eV scale mass for the three degenerate massive neutrino (95 per cent confidence level). We also obtain the value $σ_{8} $ = $0.81^{+0.05}_{-0.06} $ (95 per cent confidence level), which is in compatibility with the constraints from $Planck$ 2015 CMB data at the 1$σ$ level. We find that introducing parameter $ m_{ν,sterile}^{eff}$ to the model of cosmology reduces the $σ_{8} $ value and moves it closer to the obtained value for this parameter from the KiDS-450 analysis. Our results show that the locally measured Hubble parameter can increase constraints on $σ_{8} $ values.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Bellulia suffusa Fibiger, 2008, new species
Creators: name: Fibiger, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Erebidae
Bellulia
Bellulia suffusa

description: Bellulia suffusa Fibiger, new species
(Plate 2, figure 8; male genit. plate 14, figure 5)
description: Published as part of Fibiger, Michael, 2008, Figures 17 – 23. Lygephila Spp., Female Genitalia. 17, L In Description Of A New Species Of Lygephila Billberg, 1820 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae, Catocalinae) From Russian Far East And North China, pp. 1-136 in Zootaxa 1867 on page 23, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184738
Jackknife covariance matrix estimation for observations from mixture
Creators: name: Maiboroda, Rostyslav
name: Sugakova, Olena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A general jackknife estimator for the asymptotic covariance of moment estimators is considered in the case when the sample is taken from a mixture with varying concentrations of components. Consistency of the estimator is demonstrated. A fast algorithm for its calculation is described. The estimator is applied to construction of confidence sets for regression parameters in the linear regression with errors in variables. An application to sociological data analysis is considered.
description: Published at https://doi.org/10.15559/19-VMSTA145 in the Modern Stochastics: Theory and Applications (https://vmsta.org/) by VTeX (http://www.vtex.lt/)
Ring Dark Solitons and Vortex Necklaces in Bose-Einstein Condensates
Creators: name: Theocharis, G.
name: Frantzeskakis, D. J.
name: Kevrekidis, P. G.
name: Malomed, B. A.
name: Kivshar, Yuri S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce the concept of ring dark solitons in Bose-Einstein condensates. We show that relatively shallow rings are not subject to the snake instability, but a deeper ring splits into a robust ring-like cluster of vortex pairs, which performs oscillations in the radial and azimuthal directions, following the dynamics of the original ring soliton.
description: Phys. Rev. Lett., in press
Black and White Holes at Material Junctions
Creators: name: Kedem, Yaron
name: Bergholtz, Emil J.
name: Wilczek, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrons in Type II Weyl semimetals display one-way propagation, which supports totally reflecting behavior at an endpoint, as one has for black hole horizons viewed from the inside. Junctions of Type I and Type II lead to equations identical to what one has near black hole horizons, but the physical implications, we suggest, are quite different from expectations which are conventional in that context. The time-reversed, "white hole" configuration is also physically accessible.
A One-Atom Laser in a Regime of Strong Coupling
Creators: name: McKeever, J.
name: Boca, A.
name: Boozer, A. D.
name: Buck, J. R.
name: Kimble, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although conventional lasers operate with a large number of intracavity atoms, the lasing properties of a single atom in a resonant cavity have been theoretically investigated for more than a decade. Here we report the experimental realization of such a one-atom laser operated in a regime of strong coupling. Our experiment exploits recent advances in cavity quantum electrodynamics that allow one atom to be isolated in an optical cavity in a regime for which one photon is sufficient to saturate the atomic transition. In this regime the observed characteristics of the atom-cavity system are qualitatively different from those of the familiar many atom case. Specifically, we present measurements of intracavity photon number versus pump intensity that exhibit "thresholdless" behavior, and infer that the output flux from the cavity mode exceeds that from atomic fluorescence by more than tenfold. Observations of the second-order intensity correlation function demonstrate that our one-atom laser generates manifestly nonclassical light that exhibits both photon antibunching and sub-Poissonian photon statistics.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures (slightly longer version -- before editorial revisions)
Public Policy in Poland in Context of Tendencies Unfolding in Central Europe_2018.pdf
Creators: name: Zybała, Andrzej
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 140214 Public Economics- Publically Provided Goods
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: A specific feature of the countries of Central and Eastern Europe is that they lack the tradition of creating public policies using methods similar to those applied in mature democracies. And the consequences of this lack of tradition remain visible today, notwithstanding the fact that communism fell over 25 years ago now. For the potential for programming actions (policy capacity), as well as for implementing policies effectively and evaluating them, remains limited.
Engineered Defects to Modulate Fracture Strength of Single Layer MoS2: An Atomistic Study
Creators: name: Subad, Rafsan A. S. I.
name: Akash, Tanmay Sarkar
name: Bose, Pritom
name: Islam, Md Mahbubul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate the mechanical properties of pre-cracked, nano-porous single layer MoS2 (SLMoS2) and the effect of interactions between cracks and pores. We found that the failure of pre-cracked and nano-porous SLMoS2 is dominated by brittle type fracture. Bonds in armchair direction show a stronger resistance to crack propagation compared to the zigzag direction. We compared the brittle failure of Griffith prediction with the MD fracture strength and toughness and found substantial differences that limit the applicability of Griffith criterion for SLMoS2 in case of nano-cracks and pores. Next, we demonstrate that the mechanical properties of pre-cracked SLMoS2 can be enhanced via symmetrically placed pores and auxiliary cracks around a central crack and position of such arrangements can be optimized for maximum enhancement of strengths. Such a study would help towards strain engineering based advanced designing of SLMoS2 and other similar Transition Metal Dichalcogenides.
description: All authors contributed equally
MOESM1 of Evaluating DREAMS HIV prevention interventions targeting adolescent girls and young women in high HIV prevalence districts in South Africa: protocol for a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: George, Gavin
name: Cawood, Cherie
name: Puren, Adrian
name: Khanyile, David
name: Gerritsen, Annette
name: Kaymarlin Govender
name: Beckett, Sean
name: Glenshaw, Mary
name: Karidia Diallo
name: Kassahun Ayalew
name: Gibbs, Andrew
name: Tarylee Reddy
name: Madurai, Lorna
name: Tendesayi Kufa-Chakezha
name: Kharsany, Ayesha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. STROBE Statementâ€”checklist of items that should be included in reports of observational studies.
Bellulia incognita Fibiger, 2008, new species
Creators: name: Fibiger, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Erebidae
Bellulia
Bellulia incognita

description: Bellulia incognita Fibiger, new species
(Plate 3, figure 1)
description: Published as part of Fibiger, Michael, 2008, Figures 17 – 23. Lygephila Spp., Female Genitalia. 17, L In Description Of A New Species Of Lygephila Billberg, 1820 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae, Catocalinae) From Russian Far East And North China, pp. 1-136 in Zootaxa 1867 on page 24, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184738
Hydrodynamic Equations for Flocking Models without Velocity Alignment
Creators: name: Peruani, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spontaneous emergence of collective motion patterns is usually associated with the presence of a velocity alignment mechanism that mediates the interactions among the moving individuals. Despite of this widespread view, it has been shown recently that several flocking behaviors can emerge in the absence of velocity alignment and as a result of short-range, position-based, attractive forces that act inside a vision cone. Here, we derive the corresponding hydrodynamic equations of a microscopic position-based flocking model, reviewing and extending previously reported results. In particular, we show that three distinct macroscopic collective behaviors can be observed: i) the coarsening of aggregates with no orientational order, ii) the emergence of static, elongated nematic bands, and iii) the formation of moving, locally polar structures, which we call worms. The derived hydrodynamic equations indicate that active particles interacting via position-based interactions belong to a distinct class of active systems fundamentally different from other active systems, including velocity-alignment-based flocking systems.
Bellulia nepalensis Fibiger, 2008, new species
Creators: name: Fibiger, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Erebidae
Bellulia
Bellulia nepalensis

description: Bellulia nepalensis Fibiger, new species
(Plate 3, figure 2; male genit. plate 15, figure 1)
description: Published as part of Fibiger, Michael, 2008, Figures 17 – 23. Lygephila Spp., Female Genitalia. 17, L In Description Of A New Species Of Lygephila Billberg, 1820 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae, Catocalinae) From Russian Far East And North China, pp. 1-136 in Zootaxa 1867 on page 24, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184738
No Great Impact on Rural Areas Expected from Computers and Telecommunications
Creators: name: Tweeten, Luther
name: Tweeten, Luther
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: The high technology of microprocessors, computers, and telecommunications will touch the lives of rural people in countless ways, chiefly as consumer products rather than production items. Microprocessors and microcomputers will help us plan better, inform us, and entertain us, but they will probably affect rural areas less than has the low technology of tractors, fertilizer, and automobiles. Computers will give some rural residents the capability to work at home, corresponding with city offices over telephone lines, and will make some types of policy analysis affordable even for small communities. But computers so far seem to confer no decisive economic advantages to rural areas or cities, nor even to large farms.
The Origin of the Fragile-to-Strong Crossover in Liquid Silica as Expressed by its Potential Energy Landscape
Creators: name: Saksaengwijit, A.
name: Reinisch, J.
name: Heuer, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of the fragile-to-strong crossover in liquid silica is characterized in terms of properties of the potential energy landscape (PEL). Using the standard BKS model of silica we observe a low-energy cutoff of the PEL. It is shown that this feature of the PEL is responsible for the occurrence of the fragile-to-strong crossover and may also explain the avoidance of the Kauzmann paradox. The number of defects, i.e. deviations from the ideal tetrahedral structure, vanishes for configurations with energies close to this cutoff. This suggests a structural reason for this cutoff.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures; added reference
MOESM2 of Engaging older adults in self-management talk in healthcare encounters: a systematic review protocol
Creators: name: Lawless, Michael
name: Drioli-Phillips, Phoebe
name: Archibald, Mandy
name: Kitson, Alison
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. PubMed search strategy.
Microstructure quality control of steels using deep learning
Creators: name: Durmaz, Ali Riza
name: Potu, Sai Teja
name: Romich, Daniel
name: Möller, Johannes J.
name: Nützel, Ralf
Publisher: name: Lausanne : Frontiers Media
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: bainite
subject: deep learning
subject: grain size
subject: martensite
subject: microstructure
subject: quality control
subject: steel
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: In quality control, microstructures are investigated rigorously to ensure structural integrity, exclude the presence of critical volume defects, and validate the formation of the target microstructure. For quenched, hierarchically-structured steels, the morphology of the bainitic and martensitic microstructures are of major concern to guarantee the reliability of the material under service conditions. Therefore, industries conduct small sample-size inspections of materials cross-sections through metallographers to validate the needle morphology of such microstructures. We demonstrate round-robin test results revealing that this visual grading is afflicted by pronounced subjectivity despite the thorough training of personnel. Instead, we propose a deep learning image classification approach that distinguishes steels based on their microstructure type and classifies their needle length alluding to the ISO 643 grain size assessment standard. This classification approach facilitates the reliable, objective, and automated classification of hierarchically structured steels. Specifically, an accuracy of 96% and roughly 91% is attained for the distinction of martensite/bainite subtypes and needle length, respectively. This is achieved on an image dataset that contains significant variance and labeling noise as it is acquired over more than 10 years from multiple plants, alloys, etchant applications, and light optical microscopes by many metallographers (raters). Interpretability analysis gives insights into the decision-making of these models and allows for estimating their generalization capability.
Probing the Influence of a Tachocline in Simulated M-Dwarf Dynamos
Creators: name: Bice, Connor P.
name: Toomre, Juri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years, observers have found that the fraction of M-stars demonstrating significant magnetic activity transitions sharply from roughly $10\%$ for main-sequence stars earlier (more massive) than spectral type M3.5 (0.35 M$_\odot$) to nearly $90\%$ for stars later than M3.5. The latter are typically rotating quite rapidly, suggesting differing spin-down histories. Tantalizingly, it is also later than M3.5 at which main-sequence stars become fully convective, and may no longer contain a tachocline, a layer of rotational shear revealed by helioseismology to separate the radiative zone (RZ) and convection zone (CZ). We turn here to the more massive M-stars to study the impact such a layer may have on their internal dynamics. Using the spherical 3D MHD simulation code Rayleigh, we compare the properties of convective dynamos generated within quickly rotating (1, 2, and 4 $Ω_\odot$) M2 (0.4 M$_\odot$) stars, with the computational domain either terminating at the base of the convection zone or permitting overshoot into the underlying stable region. We find that a tachocline is not necessary for the organization of strong toroidal wreaths of magnetism in these stars, though its presence can increase the coupling of mean field amplitudes to the stellar rotation rate. Additionally, in stars that undergo periodic cycles, we find that the presence of a tachocline tends to make the cycles both longer and more regular than they would have otherwise been. Finally, we find that the tachocline helps to enhance the surface poloidal fields and organize them into larger spatial scales, both of which provide favorable conditions for more rapid angular momentum loss through a magnetized stellar wind.
Physical properties and device applications of graphene oxide
Creators: name: Huang, Xiaoming
name: Liu, Lizhao
name: Zhou, Si
name: Zhao, Jijun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Graphene oxide (GO), the functionalized graphene with oxygenated groups (mainly epoxy and hydroxyl), has attracted resurgent interests in the past decade owing to its large surface area, superior physical and chemical properties, and easy composition with other materials via surface functional groups. Usually, GO is used as an important raw material for mass production of graphene via reduction. However, under different conditions, the coverage, types, and arrangements of oxygen-containing groups in GO can be varied, which give rise to excellent and controllable physical properties, such as tunable electronic and mechanical properties depending closely on oxidation degree, suppressed thermal conductivity, optical transparency and fluorescence, and nonlinear optical properties. Based on these outstanding properties, many electronic, optical, optoelectronic, and thermoelectric devices with high performance can be achieved on the basis of GO. Here we present a comprehensive review on recent progress of GO, focusing on the atomic structures, fundamental physical properties, and related device applications, including transparent and flexible conductors, field-effect transistors, electrical and optical sensors, fluorescence quenchers, optical limiters and absorbers, surface enhanced Raman scattering detectors, solar cells, light-emitting diodes, and thermal rectifiers.
description: Review
Bellulia wui Fibiger, 2008, new species
Creators: name: Fibiger, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Erebidae
Bellulia
Bellulia wui

description: Bellulia wui Fibiger, new species
(Plate 3, figure 3; male genit. plate 15, figure 2)
description: Published as part of Fibiger, Michael, 2008, Figures 17 – 23. Lygephila Spp., Female Genitalia. 17, L In Description Of A New Species Of Lygephila Billberg, 1820 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae, Catocalinae) From Russian Far East And North China, pp. 1-136 in Zootaxa 1867 on page 25, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184738
MOESM1 of Engaging older adults in self-management talk in healthcare encounters: a systematic review protocol
Creators: name: Lawless, Michael
name: Drioli-Phillips, Phoebe
name: Archibald, Mandy
name: Kitson, Alison
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) 2015 checklist.
Stochastic inflaton wave equation from an expanding environment
Creators: name: Haba, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the inflaton $ϕ$ in an environment of scalar fields $χ_{n}$ on flat and curved manifolds. We average over the environmental fields $χ_{n}$. We study a contribution of superhorizon $k<> aH$ modes $χ_{n}({\bf k})$. As a result we obtain a stochastic wave equation with a friction and noise. We show that in the subhorizon regime in field theory a finite number of fields is sufficient to produce a friction and diffusion owing to the infinite number of degrees of freedom corresponding to different ${\bf k}$ in $χ_{n}({\bf k})$. We investigate the slow roll and the Markovian approximaions to the stochastic wave equation. A determination of the metric from the stochastic Einstein-Klein-Gordon equations is briefly discussed,
description: minor changes, 10 pages
Generalized Verlinde formulae for some Riemann surface automorphisms
Creators: name: Varga, Tamas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The generalized Verlinde formulae expressing traces of mapping classes corresponding to automorphisms of certain Riemann surfaces, and the congruence relations on allowed modular representations following from them are presented. The surfaces considered are families of algebraic curves given by suitably chosen equations, the modular curve $\mathcal{X}(11)$, and a factor curve of $\mathcal{X}(8)$. The examples of modular curves illustrate how the study of arithmetic properties of suitable modular representations can be used to gain information on automorphic properties of Riemann surfaces.
description: 9 pages, minor changes
Seismic damage analysis due to near-fault multipulse ground motion
Creators: name: Chen, Guan
name: Yang, Jiashu
name: Wang, Ruohan
name: Li, Kaiqi
name: Liu, Yong
name: Beer, Michael
Publisher: name: New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: multipulse ground motion
subject: near-fault earthquake
subject: pulse-like ground motion
subject: response spectrum
subject: seismic damage analysis
subject: seismic risk
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: Near-fault pulse-like ground motion is a significant class of seismic records since it tends to cause more severe damage to structures than ordinary ground motions. However, previous researches mainly focus on single-pulse ground motions. The multipulse ground motions that exist in records receive rare attention. In this study, an analysis procedure is proposed to investigate the effect of multipulse ground motions on structures by integrating finite element analysis and an identification method that features each pulse in the multipulse ground motion satisfying the same evaluation criteria. First, the Arias intensity, wavelet-based cumulative energy distribution, and response spectra of identified non-, single-, and multipulse ground motions are compared. Then, the seismic damage on frame structures, a soil slope, and a concrete dam under non-, single-, and multipulse ground motions are analyzed. Results show that the spectral velocity of multipulse ground motions is significantly greater than those of non- and single-pulse ground motions and potentially contains multiple peaks in the long-period range. Seismic damage evaluation indicates that the maximum interstory drift of frame structures with high fundamental periods under multipulse ground motions is about twice that of nonpulse ground motions. Similar characteristics also exist in the soil slope and the concrete dam. Therefore, multipulse ground motions potentially cause more severe damage to structures compared to non- and single-pulse ground motions. The findings of this study facilitate the recognition of the increased seismic demand imposed by the multipulse ground motion in engineering practices, provide new possibilities for ground motion selection in seismic design validation, and shed new light on seismic hazard and risk analysis in near-fault regions.
Rhombic embeddings of planar graphs with faces of degree 4
Creators: name: Kenyon, Richard
name: Schlenker, Jean-Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given a finite or infinite planar graph all of whose faces have degree 4, we study embeddings in the plane in which all edges have length 1, that is, in which every face is a rhombus. We give a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of such an embedding, as well as a description of the set of all such embeddings.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Discrete non-Abelian gauge theories in two-dimensional lattices and their realizations in Josephson-junction arrays
Creators: name: Doucot, B.
name: Ioffe, L. B.
name: Vidal, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss real-space lattice models equivalent to gauge theories with a discrete non-Abelian gauge group. We construct the Hamiltonian formalism which is appropriate for their solid-state physics implementation and outline their basic properties. The unusual physics of these systems is due to local constraints on the degrees of freedom which are variables localized on the links of the lattice. We discuss two types of constraints that become equivalent after a duality transformation for Abelian theories but are qualitatively different for non-Abelian ones. We emphasize highly nontrivial topological properties of the excitations (fluxons and charges) in these non-Abelian discrete lattice gauge theories. We show that an implementation of these models may provide one with the realization of an ideal quantum computer, that is the computer that is protected from the noise and allows a full set of precise manipulations required for quantum computations. We suggest a few designs of the Josephson-junction arrays that provide the experimental implementations of these models and discuss the physical restrictions on the parameters of their junctions.
description: 20 pages, 12 EPS figures
The Stochastic Coefficients Approach to Econometric Modeling Part I: A Critique of Fixed Coefficients Models
Creators: name: Swamy, P.A.V.B.
name: Conway, Roger K.
name: LeBlanc, Michael
name: Swamy, P.A.V.B.
name: Conway, Roger K.
name: LeBlanc, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Production Economics
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Stochastic coefficients
subject: fixed coefficients
subject: aggregation
subject: classical logic
subject: probabilistic logic
subject: evidential interpretation

description: Stochastic coefficients models can provide accurate agricultural secto forecasts and useful policy analysis Coefficient variation may occur for many reasons including aggregating over micro units, omitting variable, using an incorrect functional form, and allowing for a dynamic economic theory of optimizing behavior In the first article in this series of three, we address the logical problems with fixed coefficients models A number of auxiliary and possibly contradictory assumptions are imposed on econometric models to make them empirically manageable In the seconf and third articles, we will show how stochastic coefficients models eliminate the logical problems associated with fixed coefficients models
Calculation of Screening Masses in a Chiral Quark Model
Creators: name: Li, Xiangdong
name: Li, Hu
name: Shakin, C. M.
name: Sun, Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a simple model for the coordinate-space vacuum polarization function which is often parametrized in terms of a screening mass. We discuss the circumstances in which the standard result for the screening mass, $m_{sc}=πT$, is obtained. In the model considered here, that result is obtained when the momenta in the relevant vacuum polarization integral are small with respect to the first Matsubara frequency.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Bellulia frateriana Fibiger, 2008, new species
Creators: name: Fibiger, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Erebidae
Bellulia
Bellulia frateriana

description: Bellulia frateriana Fibiger, new species
(Plate 3, figure 4; male genit. plate 15, figure 3)
description: Published as part of Fibiger, Michael, 2008, Figures 17 – 23. Lygephila Spp., Female Genitalia. 17, L In Description Of A New Species Of Lygephila Billberg, 1820 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae, Catocalinae) From Russian Far East And North China, pp. 1-136 in Zootaxa 1867 on page 26, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184738
The Atacama Cosmology Telescope
Creators: name: Kosowsky, Arthur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) project is described. This multi-institution collaboration aims to produce arcminute-resolution and micro-Kelvin sensitivity maps of the microwave background temperature over 200 square degrees of the sky in three frequency bands. We give a brief overview of the scientific motivations for such a map, followed by a design outline of our six-meter custom telescope, an overview of our proposed bolometer array detector technology, and site considerations and scan strategy. We also describe associated optical and X-ray galaxy cluster surveys.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure. Slightly revised from published version. Additional and updated information at http://www.hep.upenn.edu/~angelica/act/act.html
Effects of bulk symmetry breaking on AdS/QCD predictions
Creators: name: Espriu, Domenec
name: Katanaeva, Alisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We put forward a new bottom-up AdS/QCD holographic model bearing a distinct treatment of the pion fields. We argue that a standard approach to the pion description is neither transparent nor totally satisfactory. In the paper we provide a new one based on a broadened realization of some holographic principles. The reasoning and the effect of these modifications are explained in detail. The resulting model has a different set of parameters than the standard AdS/QCD case. We use them to calculate an extensive list of QCD quantities and find a rather good agreement with the experimental data.
description: 27 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables; v2: matches PRD version
Bellulia antemediana Fibiger, 2008, new species
Creators: name: Fibiger, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Erebidae
Bellulia
Bellulia antemediana

description: Bellulia antemediana Fibiger, new species
(Plate 3, figure 5; male genit. plate 15, figure 4)
description: Published as part of Fibiger, Michael, 2008, Figures 17 – 23. Lygephila Spp., Female Genitalia. 17, L In Description Of A New Species Of Lygephila Billberg, 1820 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae, Catocalinae) From Russian Far East And North China, pp. 1-136 in Zootaxa 1867 on page 27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.184738
Probiotics: mechanism of action, health benefits and their application in food industries
Creators: name: Latif, Anam
name: Shehzad, Aamir
name: Niazi, Sobia
name: Zahid, Asna
name: Ashraf, Waqas
name: Iqbal, Muhammad Waheed
name: Rehman, Abdur
name: Riaz, Tahreem
name: Aadil, Rana Muhammad
name: Khan, Imran Mahmood
name: Özogul, Fatih
name: Rocha, João Miguel
name: Esatbeyoglu, Tuba
name: Korma, Sameh A.
Publisher: name: Lausanne : Frontiers Media
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: anti-allergic and gastrointestinal diseases
subject: functional foods
subject: immunomodulation
subject: lactic acid bacteria
subject: probiotics
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: Probiotics, like lactic acid bacteria, are non-pathogenic microbes that exert health benefits to the host when administered in adequate quantity. Currently, research is being conducted on the molecular events and applications of probiotics. The suggested mechanisms by which probiotics exert their action include; competitive exclusion of pathogens for adhesion sites, improvement of the intestinal mucosal barrier, gut immunomodulation, and neurotransmitter synthesis. This review emphasizes the recent advances in the health benefits of probiotics and the emerging applications of probiotics in the food industry. Due to their capability to modulate gut microbiota and attenuate the immune system, probiotics could be used as an adjuvant in hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, cancer, and gastrointestinal diseases. Considering the functional properties, probiotics are being used in the dairy, beverage, and baking industries. After developing the latest techniques by researchers, probiotics can now survive within harsh processing conditions and withstand GI stresses quite effectively. Thus, the potential of probiotics can efficiently be utilized on a commercial scale in food processing industries.
The effect of the Eurozone crisis on U.S. food companies
Creators: name: Epperson, James E.
name: Escalante, Cesar L.
name: Epperson, James E.
name: Escalante, Cesar L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: SUR
subject: agriculture
subject: stock prices
subject: crisis

description: From the beginning of 2011 to the middle of 2012 the U.S. stock market did not generally perform well. This subpar performance has been largely attributed by the business media to the Eurozone crisis. The purpose of this paper is to determine the extent to which the values of U.S. food companies are related to the Eurozone crisis. The stock prices of nine well-known U.S. food companies and the S&P index are regressed, using a system of equations approach, against a set of variables accounting for profitability and the economic wellbeing of the Eurozone and the United States. Based on the findings of this study it would seem that the U.S. stock market, including food companies, is primarily affected by the wellbeing of the U.S. economy as opposed to that of the EU.
Self-Assembly of Semiconductor Nanoplatelets into Stacks Directly in Aqueous Solution
Creators: name: Graf, Rebecca T.
name: Tran, Kevin
name: Rosebrock, Marina
name: Borg, Hadir
name: Schlenkrich, Jakob
name: Lübkemann‐Warwas, Franziska
name: Renz, Franz
name: Dorfs, Dirk
name: Bigall, Nadja C.
Publisher: name: Weinheim : Wiley-VCH
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: aqueous media
subject: nanoplatelets
subject: self-assembly
subject: stacking
subject: 540
subject: 600

description: Since their discovery, cadmium chalcogenide nanoplatelets (NPLs) gained a lot of interest, not only due to their beneficial characteristic, but also because of their high affinity to self-assemble into ordered stacks. Interestingly, the stacks showed both the properties of the single NPLs and new collective features, such as charge carrier transport within the stacks. Until now, the stacking was, to the best of the knowledge, only performed in non-polar media mostly through the addition of antisolvents with higher polarity. Due to the fact, that many applications (e.g., photocatalysis) or procedures (such as gelation) occur in water, a route to self-assemble stacks directly in aqueous solution is needed. In this work a new synthesis route is thus introduced to produce stacks directly in aqueous media. The NPLs are phase transferred with mercaptocarboxylic acids to an aqueous KOH solution followed by an addition of less polar antisolvents to initialize the stacking (e.g., tetrahydrofuran). Furthermore, a mechanism of the stacking as well as four possible driving forces involved in the process are proposed supported by transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, infrared spectroscopy, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements.
Metastable Resistance Anisotropy Orientation of Two-Dimensional Electrons in High Landau Levels
Creators: name: Cooper, K. B.
name: Eisenstein, J. P.
name: Pfeiffer, L. N.
name: West, K. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In half-filled high Landau levels, two-dimensional electron systems possess collective phases which exhibit a strongly anisotropic resistivity tensor. A weak, but as yet unknown, rotational symmetry-breaking potential native to the host semiconductor structure is necessary to orient these phases in macroscopic samples. Making use of the known external symmetry-breaking effect of an in-plane magnetic field, we find that the native potential can have two orthogonal local minima. It is possible to initialize the system in the higher minimum and then observe its relaxation toward equilibrium.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. Figure references corrected. Version accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters