cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Entangled Quantum States of Magnetic Dipoles
Creators: name: Ghosh, S.
name: Rosenbaum, T. F.
name: Aeppli, G.
name: Coppersmith, S. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Free magnetic moments usually manifest themselves in Curie Laws, where weak external magnetic fields produce magnetizations diverging as the reciprocal 1/T of the temperature. for a variety of materials that do not disply static magnetism, including doped semiconductors and certain rare earth intermetallics, the 1/T law is changed to a power law T^-a with a<1. We report here that a considerably simpler material, namely an insulating magneticsalt can also display such a power law, and show via comparison to specific heat data and numerical simulations that quantum mechanics is crucial for its formation. Two quantum mechanical phenomena are needed, namely level splitting - which affects the spectrum of excited states - and entanglement - where the wavefunction of a system with several degrees of freedom cannot be written as a product of wavefunctions for each degree of freedom. Entanglement effects become visible for remarkably small tunnelling terms, and are turned on well before tunnelling has visible effects on the spectrum. Our work is significant because it illustrates that entanglement is at the very heart of a very simple experimental observation for an insulating quantum spin system.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of Identification of blood immune and metabolic indicators explaining the variability of growth of pigs under contrasted sanitary conditions
Creators: name: N. Le Floc’h
name: F. Gondret
name: R. Resmond
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Cross validation of 10 k-folds repeated 10 times for the 11 selected models to predict the relative Average Daily Gain (rADGW0-W6)1. Table S2. Values of the 51 blood variables and relative average daily gain1. Fig. S1. Boxplots for the residuals of the minimal model by hygiene of housing conditions and RFI lines (minimal model = rADGW6-W0 ~ FFA + BAP + HAPTO + ILE + TRP + 1-MH). The model predicted relative ADG measured during the 6 weeks of the testing period (rADGW0-W6). The variables are changes in the concentrations in plasma between two times W0 and W3 calculated as concentrations at W3 minus concentrations at W0 for free fatty acids or FFA, Biological Antioxidant Potential or BAP, haptoglobin or HAPTO, isoleucine or ILE, tryptophan or TRP, 1-methylhistidine or 1-MH. Fig. S2. Boxplots of variables present in at least one selected model. The variables are changes in the concentrations in plasma between two times W0 and W3 calculated as concentrations at W3 minus concentrations at W0 for free fatty acids or FFA, Biological Antioxidant Potential or BAP, haptoglobin or HAPTO, isoleucine or ILE, tryptophan or TRP, 1-methylhistidine or 1-MH, and relative average daily gain calculated between W0 and W6 or rADGW0-W6. Outliers (black points) for the boxplot are values outside the range Quartile(Q)3 + 1.5*interquartile-range (IQR), or Q1–1.5* IQR. Grey points represent the raw values for each variable, with a random noise added to better distinguish them on the X axis. Therefore, X axis has no particular meaning.
Traffic problems in towns: An empirical analysis with macroscopic fundamental diagrams from cities around the world
Creators: name: Loder, Allister
name: Ambühl, Lukas
name: Menendez, Monica
name: Axhausen, Kay W.
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2017
Subjects: MFD
Network topology
Traffic performance

description: Arbeitsberichte Verkehrs- und Raumplanung, 1272
A Study of the Development of Agricultural Mechanization in Kunming
Creators: name: Ning, Wangyun
name: Kuang, Yulan
name: Zhang, Yonghua
name: Ning, Wangyun
name: Kuang, Yulan
name: Zhang, Yonghua
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural mechanization
subject: Modern agriculture
subject: Development countermeasures

description: Kunming City has entered the rapid development stage of urbanization. In the course of building the urban modern agriculture, the agricultural mechanization of Kunming City is being faced with excellent development opportunity. In this paper, the author scientifically analyzed current development situations of agricultural mechanization in Kunming City and explored existing problems in the course of development. On the basis of analysis, the author put forward recommendations, including increasing scientific research input for agricultural machinery, supporting agricultural machinery enterprises, promoting scientific and technical innovation, taking characteristic industries (such as flowers and vegetables) as pillar industry, speeding up development of modern facility agriculture, and upgrading primary processing of agricultural products. These will play significant role in the development of agricultural mechanization in Kunming City.
Cost-effectiveness analysis of the SP142 versus 22C3 PD-L1 assays in the treatment of atezolizumab plus nab-paclitaxel for patients with advanced triple negative breast cancer in the Brazilian private healthcare system
Creators: name: Ho, Rodrigo Shimabukuro
name: Sebastião, Mariana Mioti
name: De Carvalho, João Paulo Venezian
name: Neves, Tomás
name: Nussbaum, Micha
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: The aim of the study was to demonstrate the clinical and economic impact of two PD-L1 IHC assays, SP142 versus 22C3, to identify the eligibility of the patients with advanced triple negative breast cancer (aTNBC) to the treatment with atezolizumab plus nab-paclitaxel in the Brazilian private healthcare system (BPHS). The study performed a cost-effectiveness analysis based on a partitioned-survival model with three mutually exclusive health states: progression-free (PF), progression, and death. Data of progression-free survival and overall survival were extracted from a retrospective exploratory analysis of IMpassion130, an analytical harmonization of PD-L1 IHC assays. The analyses included only direct costs (drug acquisition and management of adverse events) that were based on CBHPM (Classificação Brasileira Hierarquizada de Procedimentos Médicos) and CMED PF18% (Câmara de Regulação do Mercado de Medicamentos) tables. A probabilistic sensitivity analysis was performed as a second-order Monte Carlo Simulation in order to evaluate the uncertainties of the model. The SP142 assay has the potential to improve PFS and generate savings to the BPHS. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was –USD 4,119.43 per month of progression-free survival. The SP142 assay demonstrated to be a dominant alternative compared to 22C3 to guide the treatment with atezolizumab plus nab-paclitaxel in patients with aTNBC.
Supplementary Data For "Frontal scalp potentials foretell perceptual choice confidence"
Creators: name: , Lim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110999 Neurosciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplementary Information for "Frontal scalp potentials foretell perceptual choice confidence"
Melanagromyza angeliciphaga Spencer
Creators: name: Guglya, Yuliia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Agromyzidae
Melanagromyza
Melanagromyza angeliciphaga

description: Melanagromyza angeliciphaga Spencer
(Figs. 26–28, 321–325)
 Material examined: Ukraine: Kharkiv Region: Tymchenky, 49°44’N, 36°08’E, 26–29.v.2017, March 2019, Yu. Guglya, ex Angelica sylvestris (8♂ 6♀).
 Hosts. Apiaceae: Angelica sylvestris L., A. archangelica L., Heracleum sphondylium L., Pastinaca sativa L. (Papp & Černý, 2015).
 Mine. The larva forms an internal stem mine. Pupation takes place in the basal part of the stem.
 Puparium. (Figs. 26–28) Straw-coloured, silky shining, 4.0 mm long, with not visible segmentation; surface quite smooth. Posterior spiracles set flat on the body cuticle, entirely separate; black, shining, oval, with median spine curved dorsally. Thirteen linear bulbs surround the median spine. Anal plate not protruding above the surface of the puparium viewed from the side and directed ventrally.
 Female head. (Figs. 321, 322) Brownish-black, with orbit distinctly projecting above eye in profile, 2 orb s, 3 fr s and high broad rounded lunule reaching the level of the posterior fr s; gena in widest part 0.23× as high as maximum height of eye.
 Female genitalia. (Figs. 323–325) Blade of egg guide relatively narrow, 12× as long as maximum width, acute apically, with medial membrane without any scales. Outer marginal denticles fine, scarcely visible. Proctiger very narrow, 13× as long as maximum width. Egg guide 1.15× as long as proctiger. Spermathecae unequal in size, dark brown, oval and flattened basally; internal duct invagination 0.5× as deep as height of spermatheca. Basal collar consists of several lobes: in larger spermatheca lobes narrow, elongated and swirling around the spermathecal duct whilst in smaller spermatheca they are wide and short. Spermathecal duct very weakly sclerotized.
 Distribution. Belgium, British Isles, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, France, Hungary, Germany, Greece, Lithuania, the Netherlands, Poland, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden (Papp & Černý 2015). Ukraine (first record).
description: Published as part of Guglya, Yuliia, 2021, Rearing mining flies (Diptera: Agromyzidae) from host plants as an instrument for associating females with males, with the description of seven new species, pp. 1-158 in Zootaxa 5014 (1) on page 14, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5014.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5158589
The Dynamic Analysis of Agro-ecological Economic System on the Basis of Emergy : A Case Study of Wu'an City in Hebei Province
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhongya
name: Fu, Meichen
name: Meng, Yan
name: Guo, Weibin
name: Zhang, Zhongya
name: Fu, Meichen
name: Meng, Yan
name: Guo, Weibin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agro-ecological economic system
subject: Sustainable development
subject: Wu'an City

description: Using the method of emergy analysis, we analyze the input and output of agro-ecological economic system, and select five indicators (net emergy yield ratio, emergy investment ratio, environmental loading ratio, emergy sustainability index, and dominance of emergy yield system) for assessment. The results show that the emergy input-output in Wu'an City is in general on the rise; the emergy investment ratio rises constantly, but the net emergy yield ratio decreases, and the comparative advantage in the prices of agricultural products is gradually lost. At the same time, with increase in the non-renewable industrial support emergy, the environmental pressures are also mounting. In the future agricultural development, it is necessary to pay more attention to the coordination between agricultural development and ecological environment, achieving sustainable development of agriculture.
Neutrino scattering off pair-breaking and collective excitations in superfluid neutron matter and in color-flavor locked quark matter
Creators: name: Kundu, Joydip
name: Reddy, Sanjay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the correlation functions needed to describe the linear response of superfluid matter, and go on to calculate the differential cross section for neutral-current neutrino scattering in superfluid neutron matter and in color-flavor locked quark matter (CFL). We report the first calculation of scattering rates that includes neutrino interactions with both pair-breaking excitations and low-lying collective excitations (Goldstone modes). Our results apply both above and below the critical temperature, allowing use in simulations of neutrino transport in supernovae and neutron stars.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures
MEMBERS OF A SUPPLY CHAIN AND THEIR RELATIONSHIPS
Creators: name: Vanyi, Noemi
name: Vanyi, Noemi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: supply chain
subject: business relationship
subject: performance measurement
subject: relationship indicator

description: Today, companies do not compete individually on the market, but as members of a supply chain, delivering their goods or services to customers through shared collaboration. The main objective of the members in the chain is to satisfy customer needs, in the interest of which they cooperate in value adding processes. The main objective of the present study is to characterise the members of a supply chain, their relationship and to measure performance. The most relevant literature published on this topic states that investigation of the performance measurement in supply chains from the side of relationships is considered ‘uncharted territory’. However, the operation of a supply chain cannot be described without investigating its relationships.
Giant magnetoimpedance in Vitrovac amorphous ribbons over [0.3-400 MHz] frequency range
Creators: name: Gieraltowski, J.
name: Fessant, A.
name: Valenzuela, R.
name: Tannous, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Giant magneto impedance (GMI) effect for as-cast Vitrovac$^{\textrm{\scriptsize\textregistered}}$ amorphous ribbons (Vacuumschmelze, Germany) in two configurations (parallel and normal to the ribbon axis) is studied over the frequency range [0.3-400 MHz] and under static magnetic fields -160 Oe $< H_{dc} < $+160 Oe. A variety of peak features and GMI ratio values, falling within a small field range, are observed and discussed.
description: Paper submitted to International Conference on Magnetism 2003 (ICM Rome 2003)
Additional file 1 of Arsenic trioxide synergistically promotes the antileukaemic activity of venetoclax by downregulating Mcl-1 in acute myeloid leukaemia cells
Creators: name: Hyunsoo Cho
name: Jang, Ji Eun
name: Ju-In Eom
name: Hoi-Kyung Jeung
name: Haerim Chung
name: Kim, Jin Seok
name: June-Won Cheong
name: Min, Yoo Hong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Baseline patient characteristics of primary AML samples at diagnosis. Table S2. Patient characteristics of primary AML samples at relapse.
WELLNESS HABITS OF HUNGARIAN YOUTH
Creators: name: Kozmane Csirmaz, Eva
name: Kozmane Csirmaz, Eva
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: wellness
subject: health tourism
subject: prevention

description: A health conscious person might contribute to the preservation of her health and to the prevention of illnesses by her lifestyle, health conscious nutrition and regular exercise. Wellness helps to reach these goals with its complex services aimed at both the improvement of one’s physical state, stamina and maintenance of mental agility. The intention to develop a health conscious lifestyle is perceptible in the ever increasing demand.
Strengthen First-Computer-Based Computer-Based Student Programming skills
Creators: name: Ogunmodede, Aderemi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 80602 Computer-Human Interaction
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 130306 Educational Technology and Computing
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: Programming is a difficult task that requires the creation of new ideas, thinking, and creative skills. The study, therefore, aimed to strengthen BASIC's programming skills to guide and mentor students at Veritas University Abuja, Nigeria.
Insights into Hydration Dynamics and Cooperative Interactions in Glycerol-Water Mixtures by Terahertz Dielectric Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Charkhesht, Ali
name: Lou, Djamila
name: Sindle, Ben
name: Wen, Chengyuan
name: Cheng, Shengfeng
name: Vinh, Nguyen Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report relaxation dynamics of glycerol-water mixtures as probed by megahertz-to-terahertz dielectric spectroscopy in a frequency range from 50 MHz to 0.5 THz at room temperature. The dielectric relaxation spectra reveal several polarization processes at the molecular level with different time constants and dielectric strengths, providing an understanding of the hydrogen-bonding network in glycerol-water mixtures. We have determined the structure of hydration shells around glycerol molecules and the dynamics of bound water as a function of glycerol concentration in solutions using the Debye relaxation model. The experimental results show the existence of a critical glycerol concentration of ~7.5 mol %, which is related to the number of water molecules in the hydration layer around a glycerol molecule. At higher glycerol concentrations, water molecules dispersed in a glycerol network become abundant and eventually dominate and four distinct relaxation processes emerge in the mixtures. The relaxation dynamics and hydration structure in glycerol-water mixtures are further probed with molecular dynamics simulations, which confirm the physical picture revealed by the dielectric spectroscopy.
description: 15 pages
Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen correlations and Galilean transformations
Creators: name: Caban, P.
name: Rembielinski, J.
name: Smolinski, K. A.
name: Walczak, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we calculate with full details Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen spin correlations in the framework of nonrelativistic quantum mechanics. We consider the following situation: two-particle state is prepared (we consider separately distinguishable and identical particles and take into account the space part of the wave function) and two observers in relative motion measure the spin component of the particle along given directions. The measurements are performed in bounded regions of space (detectors), not necessarily simultaneously. The resulting correlation function depends not only on the directions of spin measurements but also on the relative velocity of the observers.
description: 8 pages, RevTeX 4
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE GROSS VALUE ADDED IN THE SHEEP PRODUCTION CHAIN
Creators: name: Cehla, Bela
name: Kovacs, Sandor
name: Wolfova, M.
name: Komlosi, I.
name: Nabradi, Andras
name: Cehla, Bela
name: Kovacs, Sandor
name: Wolfova, M.
name: Komlosi, I.
name: Nabradi, Andras
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: sheep
subject: simulation model
subject: litter size
subject: gross value added
subject: contours

description: The competitiveness of the sheep sector in East Europe has been decreasing from year to year. The value added in the sector is not generated in the countries as a high proportion of the lambs are exported. For example, in Hungary, 95% of the lambs, unnecessary for replacement, are sold at an average weight of 21 kg and are slaughtered abroad. A stochastic model was constructed to investigate the connections between the cycle phases of the mutton production. Three modules were distinguished, the lamb production, fattening and slaughtering-processing sub-modules. The aim of our study was to identify the gross value added generated in the three sub-modules and to analyse the main factors influencing its volume using the conditions in Hungary as an example. The major hypothesis of our research was that the profitability of the production chain is mainly determined by the breed. The results showed that, considering market prices, the gross value added in the processing module was mostly influenced by the number of lambs sold per ewe per year at the bottom level of the mutton product chain. The next most important factors were the weight gain in the lamb producing and fattening sub-modules and dressing percentage in slaughtering-processing sub-module. Contour plots were constructed which help to describe the relationship among analyzed factors. Using the contour plots, the gross value added for different combinations of these factors might be forecast.
Additional file 2 of Arsenic trioxide synergistically promotes the antileukaemic activity of venetoclax by downregulating Mcl-1 in acute myeloid leukaemia cells
Creators: name: Hyunsoo Cho
name: Jang, Ji Eun
name: Ju-In Eom
name: Hoi-Kyung Jeung
name: Haerim Chung
name: Kim, Jin Seok
name: June-Won Cheong
name: Min, Yoo Hong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 2: Fig. S1. The venetoclax and ATO combination preferentially induces apoptosis of primary LSCs from AML patients while sparing healthy donor HSCs. Representative flow cytometric analysis of the unstained control for Fig. 3 in the BMMCs of AML patients at diagnosis (left panel) or healthy donors (right panel).
The Massive and Distant Clusters of WISE Survey VII: The Environments and Properties of Radio Galaxies in Clusters at z~1
Creators: name: Moravec, Emily
name: Gonzalez, Anthony H.
name: Stern, Daniel
name: Clarke, Tracy
name: Brodwin, Mark
name: Decker, Bandon
name: Eisenhardt, Peter R. M.
name: Mo, Wenli
name: Pope, Alexandra
name: Stanford, Spencer A.
name: Wylezalek, Dominika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results from a study with NSF's Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) to determine the radio morphologies of extended radio sources and the properties of their host galaxies in 50 massive galaxy clusters at z~1. We find a majority of the radio morphologies to be Fanaroff-Riley (FR) type IIs. By analyzing the infrared counterparts of the radio sources, we find that ~40% of the host galaxies are the candidate brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) and ~83% are consistent with being one of the top six most massive galaxies in the cluster. We investigate the role of environmental factors on the radio-loud AGN population by examining correlations between environmental and radio-galaxy properties. We find that the highest stellar mass hosts ($M_{*} \gtrsim$ 4$\times 10^{11} M_{\odot}$) are confined to the cluster center and host compact jets. There is evidence for an increase in the size of the jets with cluster-centric radius, which may be attributed to the decreased ICM pressure confinement with increasing radius. Besides this correlation, there are no other significant correlations between the properties of the radio-AGN (luminosity, morphology, or size) and environmental properties (cluster richness and location within the cluster). The fact that there are more AGN in the cluster environment than the field at this epoch, combined with the lack of strong correlation between galaxy and environmental properties, argues that the cluster environment fosters radio activity but does not solely drive the evolution of these sources at this redshift.
description: Accepted by ApJ for publication, 16 pages, and 9 figures
Additional file 3 of Arsenic trioxide synergistically promotes the antileukaemic activity of venetoclax by downregulating Mcl-1 in acute myeloid leukaemia cells
Creators: name: Hyunsoo Cho
name: Jang, Ji Eun
name: Ju-In Eom
name: Hoi-Kyung Jeung
name: Haerim Chung
name: Kim, Jin Seok
name: June-Won Cheong
name: Min, Yoo Hong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 3: Fig. S2. The venetoclax and ATO combination promotes apoptosis of gated CD34+CD38+ or CD34− primary LSCs from AML patients. Representative flow cytometric analysis of the percentage of Annexin V+7-AAD+ apoptotic cells after gating for CD34+CD38+ (above panels) or CD34− (below panel) primary AML cells in the BMMCs of AML patients at diagnosis after treatment with venetoclax (100 nM), ATO (3 μM), or both in combination for 48 h.
Charge conjugation and Lense-Thirring Effect: A new Asymmetry
Creators: name: Ahluwalia-Khalilova, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This essay presents a new asymmetry that arises from the interplay of charge conjugation and Lense-Thirring effect. When applied to Majorana neutrinos, the effects predicts nu_e overline{nu}_e oscillations in gravitational environments with rotating sources. Parameters associated with astrophysical environments indicate that the presented effect is presently unobservable for solar neutrinos. But, it will play an important role in supernova explosions, and carries relevance for the observed matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe.
description: Third Prize Gravity Research Foundation Essay (2004)
Pricing methods in outcome-based contracting: δ3: reference-based pricing
Creators: name: Nimer S. Alkhatib
name: Erstad, Brian
name: Ramos, Kenneth
name: McBride, Ali
name: Sandipan Bhattacharjee
name: Slack, Marion
name: Abraham, Ivo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Six Delta is a six-dimensional independent platform for outcome-based pricing/contracting. The third dimension (δ3) estimates prices on the basis of international drug price referencing methods. We describe this dimension’s methodology and present a proof-of-concept application to the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR mutation with osimertinib. The reference-based pricing dimension utilizes a six-step method: (1) selecting foreign countries based on a set of four criteria (drug is available in the foreign country, price information is available in the foreign country, foreign countries are members within the organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, pricing methods in the foreign countries involve value assessment); (2) adjusting for exchange rates; (3) generating reference price (RP) scenarios; (4) adjusting with the medical inflation rate; (5) pooling all generated RP scenarios and calculating average and standard deviation (SD); (6) and Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) to estimate the dimension-specific DSPReference. A proof-of-concept exercise with osimertinib in NSCLC was performed for two hypothetical outcome-based contracts: 1-year (2019–2020) and 2-year (2019–2021). The United Kingdom and Canada met the four criteria. For the osimertinib 1-year contract price, the average of eight RP scenarios, adjusted for inflation by 0.44%, was $8,892 (SD = $2,606) for a 30-day prescription. MCS yielded a DSPReference estimate of $9,395 or −35.72% of the wholesale acquisition cost (WAC) of $14,616. For the 2-year contract, the average, adjusted for inflation by 0.72%, was $8,928 (SD = $2,610). MCS yielded a DSPReference estimate of $9,442 or −35.40% of the WAC of $14,616. We demonstrated that international price referencing methods can be integrated into our proposed Six Delta platform for outcome-based pricing/contracting.
The CALOCUBE project for a space based cosmic ray experiment: design, construction, and first performance of a high granularity calorimeter prototype
Creators: name: O., Adriani
name: S., Albergo
name: L., Auditore
name: A., Basti
name: E., Berti
name: G., Bigongiari
name: L., Bonechi
name: M., Bongi
name: V., Bonvicini
name: S., Bottai
name: P., Brogi
name: G., Cappello
name: G., Carotenuto
name: G., Castellini
name: W., Cattaneo P.
name: R., Cecchi
name: C., Checchia
name: R., D'Alessandro
name: S., Detti
name: M., Fasoli
name: N., Finetti
name: A., Italiano
name: P., Lenzi
name: P., Maestro
name: M., Manetti
name: S., Marrocchesi P.
name: N., Mori
name: F., Morsani
name: M., Olmi
name: A., Orsini
name: G., Orzan
name: L., Pacini
name: P., Papini
name: G., Pellegriti M.
name: A., Rappoldi
name: S., Ricciarini
name: A., Sciuto
name: P., Spillantini
name: O., Starodubtsev
name: L., Stiaccini
name: F., Stolzi
name: A., Sulaj
name: E., Suh J.
name: A., Tiberio
name: A., Tricomi
name: A., Trifiro
name: M., Trimarchi
name: E., Vannuccini
name: A., Vedda
name: Zampa, G.
name: N, N. Zampa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current research in High Energy Cosmic Ray Physics touches on fundamental questions regarding the origin of cosmic rays, their composition, the acceleration mechanisms, and their production. Unambiguous measurements of the energy spectra and of the composition of cosmic rays at the "knee" region could provide some of the answers to the above questions. So far only ground based observations, which rely on sophisticated models describing high energy interactions in the earth's atmosphere, have been possible due to the extremely low particle rates at these energies. A calorimetry based space experiment that could provide not only flux measurements but also energy spectra and particle identification, would certainly overcome some of the uncertainties of ground based experiments. Given the expected particle fluxes, a very large acceptance is needed to collect a sufficient quantity of data, in a time compatible with the duration of a space mission. This in turn, contrasts with the lightness and compactness requirements for space based experiments. We present a novel idea in calorimetry which addresses these issues whilst limiting the mass and volume of the detector. In this paper we report on a four year R&D program where we investigated materials, coatings, photo-sensors, Front End electronics, and mechanical structures with the aim of designing a high performance, high granularity calorimeter with the largest possible acceptance. Details are given of the design choices, component characterisation, and of the construction of a sizeable prototype (Calocube) which has been used in various tests with particle beams.
Flexible models for overdispersed and underdispersed count data
Creators: name: Cahoy, Dexter
name: Di Nardo, Elvira
name: Polito, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Within the framework of probability models for overdispersed count data, we propose the generalized fractional Poisson distribution (gfPd), which is a natural generalization of the fractional Poisson distribution (fPd), and the standard Poisson distribution. We derive some properties of gfPd and more specifically we study moments, limiting behavior and other features of fPd. The skewness suggests that fPd can be left-skewed, right-skewed or symmetric; this makes the model flexible and appealing in practice. We apply the model to real big count data and estimate the model parameters using maximum likelihood. Then, we turn to the very general class of weighted Poisson distributions (WPD's) to allow both overdispersion and underdispersion. Similarly to Kemp's generalized hypergeometric probability distribution, which is based on hypergeometric functions, we analyze a class of WPD's related to a generalization of Mittag--Leffler functions. The proposed class of distributions includes the well-known COM-Poisson and the hyper-Poisson models. We characterize conditions on the parameters allowing for overdispersion and underdispersion, and analyze two special cases of interest which have not yet appeared in the literature.
LMA and sterile neutrinos: a case for resonance spin flavour precession?
Creators: name: Chauhan, Bhag C.
name: Pulido, Joao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Open questions remain after the confirmation of LMA as the dominant solution to the solar neutrino deficit. These are the apparent time modulation of the solar neutrino event rates in the Homestake, Gallium and SuperKamiokande experiments, possibly related to solar magnetic activity, the discrepancy between the event rate in the Homestake experiment and its theoretical prediction and the absence of the electron spectrum upturn in SuperKamiokande at energies below 6-8 MeV. We search for a possible understanding of these questions in the context of resonant spin flavour precession to sterile neutrinos, assuming a class of magnetic field profiles anchored in the upper radiation/lower convection zone. We consider the simplest such model beyond the standard 2$ν$ flavour LMA one, with one single magnetic moment transition between active and sterile state and vanishing vacuum mixing. The preferred mass square difference is $Δm^2_{10}=O(10^{-8}eV^2)$. The Ga rate appears to be the most sensitive of all to solar activity. It is also found that a field profile extending within a longer region in the radial direction is favoured over another with a shorter span, and leads to a stronger suppression than in the LMA case of the intermediate energy neutrinos and some of the $^8 B$ ones.
description: References updated. Final version to be published in JHEP
COMPARISON OF FISHERIES SECTORS OF JAPAN AND TURKEY IN PRODUCTION, CONSUMPTION, TRADE AND FUTURE POSSIBILITIES
Creators: name: Guzel, Mahmut Munir
name: Kameda, Kazuhiko
name: Yamamoto, Naotoshi
name: Guzel, Mahmut Munir
name: Kameda, Kazuhiko
name: Yamamoto, Naotoshi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Turkey
subject: Japan
subject: fisheries
subject: trade
subject: potential

description: The purpose of this study is to show some view-points such as the expansion of the mutual trade scale in fish and/or marine products, and newly effective use of edible marine bio-resources in each country. Total quantity of fisheries production, consumption (per capita), export and import quantity of Japan and Turkey based on 2010 were reported as 75.27 million tons, 653 thousand tons; 8.5 kg, 70.9 kg, 566 thousand tons, 55.1 thousand tons,; 473 thousand tons, 80, 7 thousand tons respectively. Turkey- Japan total amount of fisheries trade was more than 56 million US $ in 2011 and, but in 2000 was just over 14 million US $. Japan and Turkey bilateral relations are friendly and cordial, and they are steadily improving. Therefore, they should prepare business plans or obtain funding for business plan development to identify new markets and explore business expansion opportunities.
Additional file 1 of Risk and benefits of temporary pacemaker electrodes in adult open-heart surgery—a systematic review
Creators: name: Enevoldsen, Malene S.
name: Nielsen, Per Hostrup
name: Hasenkam, J. Michael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Pricing methods in outcome-based contracting: δ5: Risk of efficacy failure-based pricing
Creators: name: Nimer S Alkhatib
name: McBride, Ali
name: Sandipan Bhattacharjee
name: Ramos, Kenneth
name: Erstad, Brian
name: Slack, Marion
name: Billheimer, Dean
name: Abraham, Ivo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Aims: Six Delta is a six-dimensional independent platform for outcome-based pricing/contracting. The fifth dimension (δ5) estimates prices on the basis of the risk of efficacy failure of a drug. We describe this dimension’s methodology and present a proof-of-concept application to the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR mutation with osimertinib. Materials and methods: The risk of efficacy failure pricing dimension utilizes a seven-step method: 1) defining risk; 2) extracting data; 3) predicting models; 4) performing Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) to estimate risk of efficacy failure; 5) estimating ranges for a payback; 6) adjusting for medical inflation; and 7) performing Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) to estimate the DSPRisk of efficacy failure. A proof-of-concept exercise with osimertinib in NSCLC was performed for two hypothetical outcome-based contracts: 1-year (2019-2020) and 2-year (2019-2021). We estimated the risk of efficacy failure for osimertinib in terms of overall and progression-free survival versus standard of care. We used the estimated risk to estimate the price reduction on the wholesale acquisition cost (WAC) for the two hypothetical contracts: a 1-year (2019–2020) and 2-year contract (2019–2021). From this we estimated the DSPRisk of efficacy failure. Results: Based on the risk of OS and PFS efficacy failure for osimertinib in OS and PFS, in the 1-year contract, the DSPRisk of efficacy failure was estimated at $12,652 (or −13.44% the 2018 WAC) for a 30-day prescription. For the 2-year contract (2019-2021), the DSPRisk of efficacy failure was estimated at $13,019 (or −10.93% the 2018 WAC). Conclusions: We demonstrated that pricing methods based on risk of efficacy failure methods can be integrated into our proposed Six Delta platform for outcome-based pricing/contracting.
Studies on Fabrication of Ag/HgBaCaCuO/CdSe Heterostructures by Pulse-Electrodeposition Route
Creators: name: Shivagan, D. D.
name: Shirage, P. M.
name: Pawar, S. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metal/superconductor/semiconductor (Ag/HgBaCaCuO/CdSe) heterostructures have been successfully fabricated using pulse-electrodeposition technique. The electrochemical parameters are optimized and diffusion free growth of CdSe onto Ag/HgBaCaCuO was obtained by employing under-potential deposition and by studying nucleation and growth mechanism during deposition. The heterostructures are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), full-width at half-maximum (FWHM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies and low temperature four probe electrical resistivity measurements. After the deposition of CdSe the critical transition temperature of HgBaCaCuO films was found be increased from 115 K with Jc = 1.7 x 103 A/cm2 to 117.2 K with Jc = 1.91 x 103 A/cm2. When the heterostructure was irradiated with red He-Ne laser (2 mW), the Tc was further enhanced to 120.3 K with Jc = 3.7 x 103 A/cm2. This increase in superconducting parameters of HgBaCaCuO in Ag/ HgBaCaCuO/CdSe heterostructure has been explained at length in this paper. Keywords. Electrodeposition; Hg-based cuprate; semiconductor; heterostructures; electrical properties. PACS Nos 81.15.Pq; 74.72.Gr; 78.40.Fy; 84.37; 73.40 *E-mail: pawar_s_h@yahoo.com, shpawar_phy@unishivaji.ac.in
description: 22 Pages, 12 Figures. Submitted to Semiconductor Science and Technology. Submitted to Semiconductor Science and Technology
Additional file 4 of Arsenic trioxide synergistically promotes the antileukaemic activity of venetoclax by downregulating Mcl-1 in acute myeloid leukaemia cells
Creators: name: Hyunsoo Cho
name: Jang, Ji Eun
name: Ju-In Eom
name: Hoi-Kyung Jeung
name: Haerim Chung
name: Kim, Jin Seok
name: June-Won Cheong
name: Min, Yoo Hong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 4: Fig. S3. The venetoclax and ATO combination promotes apoptosis of primary LSCs from relapsed AML patients. a, b, Representative flow cytometric analysis (a-c) and summary data (d) of the percentage of Annexin V+7-AAD+ apoptotic cells after gating for CD34+CD38− (a), CD34+CD38+ (b), or CD34− (c) primary AML cells in the BMMCs of relapsed AML patients after treatment with venetoclax (100 nM), ATO (3 μM), or both in combination for 48 h in total mononuclear cells (d, far left), gated CD34+ cells (d, middle), or CD34+CD38− cells (d, far right). Values were obtained from two independent experiments of n = 4 patients, and horizontal bars indicate mean ± s.d. *P values versus control treatment by two-tailed Mann–Whitney U test.
Optical observations and cyclops post-shock region modelling of the polar V348 Pav
Creators: name: Oliveira, Alexandre S.
name: Rodrigues, Claudia V.
name: Palhares, Matheus S.
name: Diaz, Marcos P.
name: Belloni, Diogo
name: Silva, Karleyne M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Post-shock regions (PSR) of polar cataclysmic variables produce most of their luminosity and give rise to high circular polarization in optical wavelengths and strong variability on the white dwarf rotation period, which are distinctive features of these systems. To investigate the polar candidate V348 Pav, we obtained a comprehensive observational set including photometric, polarimetric, and spectroscopic data, which was used to constrain the post-shock properties of the system. The object presents high circular polarization ($\sim30$ per cent) and high He II 4686A to H$~β$ line ratio, confirming it is a polar. From both radial velocities and light curves, we determined an orbital period of 79.98~min, close to the orbital period minimum of CVs. The H$~β$ radial velocity curve has a semi-amplitude of $141.4\pm1.5$ km s$^{-1}$. Doppler tomography showed that most of the spectral line emission in this system is originated in the region of the companion star facing the WD, possibly irradiated by the emission related to the PSR. We modelled the PSR using the Cyclops code. The PSR density and temperature profiles, obtained by a proper solution of the hydro-thermodynamic equations, were used in a 3D radiative transfer solution that takes into account the system geometry. We could reproduce the V348 Pav \textit{B, V, R}, and \textit{I} photometric and polarimetric data using a model with a WD magnetic field of $\sim28$ MG, a WD mass of $\sim0.85$~M$_{\odot}$ and a low ($\sim25^{\circ}$) orbital inclination. These values for the WD mass and orbital inclination are consistent with the measured radial velocities.
Regional Food Hubs: Improving Market Access for Local Producers
Creators: name: Barham, James
name: Tropp, Debra
name: Dimitri, Carolyn
name: Barham, James
name: Tropp, Debra
name: Dimitri, Carolyn
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: food hub
subject: local food

description: USDA’s “Know Your Farmer, Know Your Food” (KYF2) Initiative was launched in 2009 to spur a “national conversation” on how to develop viable local and regional food systems and stimulate new economic opportunities. USDA Deputy Secretary Kathleen Merrigan oversees a “KYF2” task force with representatives from every USDA agency, which meets every 2 weeks to promote systems that promote local food system development. Food hubs are one way to fulfill this mission. Food hubs are "A business or organization that actively manages the aggregation, distribution, and marketing of source-identified food products primarily from local and regional producers to strengthen their ability to satisfy wholesale, retail, and institutional demand." They collect enough food from small farmers to be able to sell it wholesale to retailers and other customers. The food they sell is often specially branded as "organic" or "local" or "natural." The paper describes the working of several food hubs as examples of different business models. A survey of 45 food hubs gave a picture of how they operate: • 60 percent have been in business for less than 5 years. • Average sales were close to $1 million a year. • Most were started by private entrepreneurs. • The average number of employees was 12, with 5 volunteers. • The median number of suppliers was 40. • About equal numbers were cooperatives, for-profit, and nonprofit, with 17% being public. Their number has grown from 47 in 2000 to 197 in 2011. Regional food hubs fill a market need not addressed by the current distribution system: they collect food from small and mid-size farms to sell locally.
description: This is a PDF of a Powerpoint presentation.
On the Relationship Between Coupling and Refactoring: An Empirical Viewpoint
Creators: name: Counsell, Steve
name: Arzoky, Mahir
name: Destefanis, Giuseppe
name: Taibi, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: [Background] Refactoring has matured over the past twenty years to become part of a developer's toolkit. However, many fundamental research questions still remain largely unexplored. [Aim] The goal of this paper is to investigate the highest and lowest quartile of refactoring-based data using two coupling metrics - the Coupling between Objects metric and the more recent Conceptual Coupling between Classes metric to answer this question. Can refactoring trends and patterns be identified based on the level of class coupling? [Method] In this paper, we analyze over six thousand refactoring operations drawn from releases of three open-source systems to address one such question. [Results] Results showed no meaningful difference in the types of refactoring applied across either lower or upper quartile of coupling for both metrics; refactorings usually associated with coupling removal were actually more numerous in the lower quartile in some cases. A lack of inheritance-related refactorings across all systems was also noted. [Conclusions] The emerging message (and a perplexing one) is that developers seem to be largely indifferent to classes with high coupling when it comes to refactoring types - they treat classes with relatively low coupling in almost the same way.