cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Adding Why to What? Analyses of an Everyday Explanation
Creators: name: Terfloth, Lutz
name: Schaffer, Michael
name: Buhl, Heike M.
name: Schulte, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In XAI it is important to consider that, in contrast to explanations for professional audiences, one cannot assume common expertise when explaining for laypeople. But such explanations between humans vary greatly, making it difficult to research commonalities across explanations. We used the dual nature theory, a techno-philosophical approach, to cope with these challenges. According to it, one can explain, for example, an XAI's decision by addressing its dual nature: by focusing on the Architecture (e.g., the logic of its algorithms) or the Relevance (e.g., the severity of a decision, the implications of a recommendation). We investigated 20 game explanations using the theory as an analytical framework. We elaborate how we used the theory to quickly structure and compare explanations of technological artifacts. We supplemented results from analyzing the explanation contents with results from a video recall to explore how explainers justified their explanation. We found that explainers were focusing on the physical aspects of the game first (Architecture) and only later on aspects of the Relevance. Reasoning in the video recalls indicated that EX regarded the focus on the Architecture as important for structuring the explanation initially by explaining the basic components before focusing on more complex, intangible aspects. Shifting between addressing the two sides was justified by explanation goals, emerging misunderstandings, and the knowledge needs of the explainee. We discovered several commonalities that inspire future research questions which, if further generalizable, provide first ideas for the construction of synthetic explanations.
description: Paper accepted and presented at XAI World Conference 2023, Lisboa
Relation between event segmentation and memory dysfunction in Parkinson's disease
Creators: name: Wyrobnik, Michelle
name: Meer, Elke Van Der
name: Klostermann, Fabian
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Event order memory
subject: Event recognition memory
subject: Event segmentation
subject: Parkinson’s disease
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: The perception of everyday events is thought to imply the segmentation into discrete sub-events. Involvement of dopaminergic networks in this process could relate to particular problems of persons with Parkinson's disease (PD) to recall recent activities. In an event segmentation task, persons with PD and healthy controls had to indicate the beginning of sub-events within three movies showing persons performing everyday activities. In a subsequent recognition task, they should judge whether presented pictures of sub-events were part of the watched movies. In a final order memory task, they had to arrange pictures in the sequence in which they had occurred. With respect to the overall segmentation behavior, persons with PD diverged from healthy controls only in the most familiar of the three demonstrated everyday activities. Moreover, persons with PD compared to healthy controls showed generally worse event recognition and committed more errors in the order memory task. These memory deficits were the higher, the more the segmentation moved away from the 'normative' segmentation pattern identified in healthy controls. The findings suggest that dysfunctional structuring of sensory event information contributes to deficient event representations of ongoing everyday activities and recall problems of these recently perceived events in persons with PD.
Asymptotic Homogenization in the Determination of Effective Intrinsic Magnetic Properties of Composites
Creators: name: Soyarslan, Celal
name: Havinga, Jos
name: Abelmann, Leon
name: Boogaard, Ton van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a computational framework for two-scale asymptotic homogenization to determine the intrinsic magnetic permeability of composites. To this end, considering linear magnetostatics, both vector and scalar potential formulations are used. Our homogenization algorithm for solving the cell problem is based on the displacement method presented in Lukkassen et al. 1995, Composites Engineering, 5(5), 519-531. We propose the use of the meridional eccentricity of the permeability tensor ellipsoid as an anisotropy index quantifying the degree of directionality in the linear magnetic response. As application problems, 2D regular and random microstructures with overlapping and nonoverlapping monodisperse disks, all of which are periodic, are considered. We show that, for the vanishing corrector function, the derived effective magnetic permeability tensor gives the (lower) Reuss and (upper) Voigt bounds with the vector and scalar potential formulations, respectively. Our results with periodic boundary conditions show an excellent agreement with analytical solutions for regular composites, whereas, for random heterogeneous materials, their convergence with volume element size is fast. Predictions for material systems with monodisperse overlapping disks for a given inclusion volume fraction provide the highest magnetic permeability with the most increased inclusion interaction. In contrast, the disk arrangements in regular square lattices result in the lowest magnetic permeability and inadequate inclusion interaction. Such differences are beyond the reach of the isotropic effective medium theories, which use only the phase volume fraction and shape as mere statistical microstructural descriptors.
Structural Parameters of Star Clusters: Stochastic Effects
Creators: name: Narbutis, D.
name: Stonkutė, R.
name: de Meulenaer, P.
name: Mineikis, T.
name: Vansevičius, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stochasticity of bright stars introduces uncertainty and bias into derived structural parameters of star clusters. We have simulated a grid of cluster $V$-band images, observed with Subaru Suprime-Cam with age, mass, and size representing a cluster population in the M31 galaxy and derived their structural parameters by fitting King model to the surface brightness distribution. We have found that clusters less massive than $10^4 M_\odot$ show significant uncertainty in their core and tidal radii for all ages, while clusters younger than 10 Myr have their sizes systematically underestimated for all masses. This emphasizes the importance of stochastic simulations to asses the true uncertainty of structural parameters in studies of semi-resolved and unresolved clusters.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Strategie del patetico e interludi circensi in Hide and Seek di Wilkie Collins
Creators: name: De Giovanni, Flora
Publisher: name: Roma : Carocci
Year: 2013
Subjects: Wilkie Collins
Melodrama
Circus

description: Starting from Victor Turner’s definitions of cultural performance and liminoid phenomena, the essay aims to analyse Wilkie Collins’s third novel, Hide and Seek (1854), which seems to be a sort of survey of the pastimes Victorian England allowed itself in the age of the increasing commodification of leisure. Though not a proper sensation novel (the genre for which Collins became famous in the 1860s), Hide and Seek draws on the conventions of melodrama, which, as Peter Brook convincingly argues, exerted a powerful influence on 19th century fiction. And, after the fashion of the melodrama, it deals with the disclosure of the secret origins of Mary Grice, a deaf and dumb little girl who performs in Jubber’s circus. However, although Hide and Seek is charged with sentimentality and patheticism, Collins appears to borrow from the circus and the music hall, in order to give his work the light touch of comedy. In fact, he scatters his novel with a number of “scenes in the circle”, which prove reflexive in Turner’s sense. Contained in the overarching pattern of the plot, they provide a diversion from the story’s main line, establishing an unusual kernel/satellite narrative dynamics, where the carnivalesque hinders and delays the unravelling of the mystery, defying the “bourgeois” narrative logic.
title: Abdominal manifestations of Schistosomiasis mansoni: A pictorial review with histopathological correlation
Creators: name: Manzella, Adonis
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Tropical diseases
subject: Parasites
subject: Infection
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Barium meal
subject: Barium enema
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Liver
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: 1) To discuss the most important abdominal manifestations of this disease. 2) To illustrate the typical and some atypical findings of schistosomiasis mansoni using different imaging modalities with pathological...
title: Υλικά και τεχνικές κατασκευής για εφαρμογές σε solar cells
title: Materials and construction techniques to apply in solar cells
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Ατσαλάκης, Εμμανουήλ
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2023
Subjects: Solar cells
Φωτοβολταϊκά στοιχεία
Ηλεκτρόδια
Γραφένιο

description: Η διερεύνηση της ιστορίας των solar cells και οι τεχνολογίες κατασκευής. Ποια τα τελευταία αποτελέσματα και ποια νέα τεχνολογία επικρατεί. Ανάλυση των πλεονεκτημάτων και μειονεκτημάτων κάθε διεργασίας κατασκευής.
A Comparative Assessment of Multi-view fusion learning for Crop Classification
Creators: name: Mena, Francisco
name: Arenas, Diego
name: Nuske, Marlon
name: Dengel, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With a rapidly increasing amount and diversity of remote sensing (RS) data sources, there is a strong need for multi-view learning modeling. This is a complex task when considering the differences in resolution, magnitude, and noise of RS data. The typical approach for merging multiple RS sources has been input-level fusion, but other - more advanced - fusion strategies may outperform this traditional approach. This work assesses different fusion strategies for crop classification in the CropHarvest dataset. The fusion methods proposed in this work outperform models based on individual views and previous fusion methods. We do not find one single fusion method that consistently outperforms all other approaches. Instead, we present a comparison of multi-view fusion methods for three different datasets and show that, depending on the test region, different methods obtain the best performance. Despite this, we suggest a preliminary criterion for the selection of fusion methods.
description: Accepted at IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium 2023
Cold Mode Gas Accretion on Two Galaxy Groups at z$\sim$2
Creators: name: Vayner, Andrey
name: Zakamska, Nadia L.
name: Sabhlok, Sanchit
name: Wright, Shelley A.
name: Armus, Lee
name: Murray, Norman
name: Walth, Gregory
name: Ishikawa, Yuzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Keck Cosmic Web Imager (KCWI) integral field spectroscopy (IFS) observations of rest-frame UV emission lines $\rm Lyα$, C IV $λλ$ 1548 Å, 1550Åand He II 1640 Åobserved in the circumgalactic medium (CGM) of two $z=2$ radio-loud quasar host galaxies. We detect extended emission on 80-90 kpc scale in $\rm Lyα$ in both systems with C IV, and He II emission also detected out to 30-50 kpc. All emission lines show kinematics with a blue and redshifted gradient pattern consistent with velocities seen in massive dark matter halos and similar to kinematic patterns of inflowing gas seen in hydrodynamical simulations. Using the kinematics of both resolved $\rm Lyα$ emission and absorption, we can confirm that both kinematic structures are associated with accretion. Combining the KCWI data with molecular gas observations with Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) and high spatial resolution of ionized gas with Keck OSIRIS, we find that both quasar host galaxies reside in proto-group environments at $z=2$. We estimate $1-6\times10^{10}$M$_\odot$ of warm-ionized gas within 30-50 kpc from the quasar that is likely accreting onto the galaxy group. We estimate inflow rates of 60-200 M$_\odot$yr$^{-1}$, within an order of magnitude of the outflow rates in these systems. In the 4C 09.17 system, we detect narrow gas streams associated with satellite galaxies, potentially reminiscent of ram-pressure stripping seen in local galaxy groups and clusters. We find that the quasar host galaxies reside in dynamically complex environments, with ongoing mergers, gas accretion, ISM stripping, and outflows likely playing an important role in shaping the assembly and evolution of massive galaxies at cosmic noon.
description: 24 pages, 11 figures, 6 tabes. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Gauged $SU(3)_F$ and loop induced quark and lepton masses
Creators: name: Mohanta, Gurucharan
name: Patel, Ketan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a local $SU(3)_F$ flavour symmetry for its viability in generating the masses for the quarks and charged leptons of the first two families through radiative corrections. Only the third-generation fermions get tree-level masses due to specific choice of the field content and their gauge charges. Unprotected by symmetry, the remaining fermions acquire non-vanishing masses through the quantum corrections induced by the gauge bosons of broken $SU(3)_F$. We show that inter-generational hierarchy between the masses of the first two families arises if the flavour symmetry is broken with an intermediate $SU(2)$ leading to a specific ordering in the masses of the gauge bosons. Based on this scheme, we construct an explicit and predictive model and show its viability in reproducing the realistic charged fermion masses and quark mixing parameters in terms of not-so-hierarchical fundamental couplings. The model leads to the strange quark mass, $m_s \approx 16$ MeV at $M_Z$, which is $\sim 2.4 σ$ away from its current central value. Large flavour violations are a generic prediction of the scheme which pushes the masses of the new gauge bosons to $10^3$ TeV or higher.
description: v1: 25 pages, 5 tables, 1 figure; v2: minor changes, references added, published version
Additional file 2 of Demographic dividend-favorable policy environment in two pre-dividend African nations: review of national policies and prospects for policy amendments in Nigeria and Tanzania
Creators: name: Chen, Xiaomeng
name: Prata Menezes, Neia
name: Rusatira, Jean Christophe
name: Cardona, Carolina
name: Odeku, Mojisola
name: Kioko, Deanna
name: Castro, Jessica
name: Ibeawuchi, Charity
name: Lincoln, Joel Silas
name: Ng’wanansabi, Deo
name: Macha, Jacob
name: Msemo, Abubakar
name: Yusuph, Nazir
name: Rimon, Jose G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. List of policy documents reviewed by country: Nigeria (B1) and Tanzania (B2).
title: Ωθήσεις γαιών σε αντηριδωτούς τοίχους
title: Earth pressures on strutted walls
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Ντόκο, Κατερίνα
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2023
Subjects: Τοίχοι αντιστήριξης
Ωθήσεις γαιών
Αντηριδωτός τοίχος
Διάγραμμα ωθήσεων γαιών

description: Η παρούσα διπλωματική εστιάζει στο πως επηρεάζουν οι πλευρικές ωθήσεις γαιών έναν αντηριδωτό τοίχο αντιστήριξης που βρίσκεται σε αμμώδες έδαφος. Γίνεται σύγκριση διαφόρων διαγραμμάτων περιβαλλουσών ωθήσεων γαιών , που έχουν προταθεί με την πάροδο των χρόνων από διάφορους ερευνητές , όπως οι Terzaghi – Peck , Tschebotarioff, Sabatini και Twine-Roscoe. Στην παρούσα εργασία, διερευνήθηκαν μεθοδολογίες επίλυσης των βαθιών εκσκαφών και ειδικότερα συγκρίθηκαν εμπειρικές μέθοδοι στατικής επίλυσης με αναλύσεις πεπερασμένων στοιχείων. Στο Κεφάλαιο 1 έγινε μια θεωρητική έρευνα στην οποία βασίστηκαν οι υπολογισμοί του προβλήματος και στο Κεφάλαιο 2 έγιναν αναλυτικές αναφορές στις ωθήσεις γαιών και τον υπολογισμό τους κατά τους Rankine και Coulomb. Στο Κεφάλαιο 3 έγινε εκτενέστερη αναφορά σε θεωρίες ερευνητών για το πως επηρεάζουν οι ωθήσεις γαιών έναν αντηριδωτό τοίχο, οι οποίες είναι βασισμένες σε περιβάλλουσες διαγραμμάτων των ωθήσεων σε συνεκτικά και μη συνεκτικά εδαφικά υλικά. Στη συνέχεια στο Κεφάλαιο 4 έγινε στατική επίλυση του προβλήματος με βάση τις ημι-εμπειρικές μεθόδους (ισοστατικών δοκών και κατανομής του φορτίου) που αναλύθηκαν στο Κεφάλαιο 3, μεταβάλλοντας κάθε φορά την γωνία εσωτερικής τριβής φ’ της άμμου και στο Κεφάλαιο 5 έγινε η ίδια επίλυση με πεπερασμένα στοιχεία, με την βοήθεια του λογισμικού Phase2 8.0. Επιλέχθηκαν δυο τύποι αντηρίδας, Α και Β, που διέφεραν στο μέτρο ελαστικότητας μεταξύ τους. Ο κάνναβος πεπερασμένων στοιχείων από ορθογωνικά στοιχεία σχεδιάστηκε έτσι ώστε να είναι 10 μέτρα το βάθος και 50 μέτρα το πλάτος για τις ενεργητικές ωθήσεις ενώ 100 μέτρα το πλάτος για τις παθητικές ωθήσεις, να επαρκούν, για να μην υπάρχει επίδραση των συνοριακών συνθηκών. Σκοπός ήταν να γίνει σύγκριση μεταξύ των εμπειρικών μεθόδων με την αριθμητική επίλυση και να βρεθούν οι αξονικές δυνάμεις σε κάθε αντηρίδα για τις διάφορες περιπτώσεις. Γενικά υπάρχουν διαφορές στις τιμές των αξονικών δυνάμεων σε κάθε αντηρίδα, μεταξύ της μεθόδου των ισοστατικών φορέων και της μεθόδου κατανομής του φορτίου με τις αναλύσεις των πεπερασμένων στοιχείων. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, για την αντηρίδα A σε όλες τις αναλύσεις, το εκτιμώμενο φορτίο της με εφαρμογή περιβαλλουσών ωθήσεων είναι κατά 63.42 έως 78.32% μεγαλύτερο σε σχέση με το υπολογισμένο φορτίο από τις αναλύσεις πεπερασμένων στοιχείων. Αντίστοιχα, στις δύο βαθύτερες το εκτιμώμενο φορτίο της πρώτης αντηρίδας με εφαρμογή περιβαλλουσών ωθήσεων είναι κατά 14.95 έως 53.11% μικρότερο σε σχέση με το υπολογισμένο φορτίο από τις αναλύσεις πεπερασμένων στοιχείων. Δηλαδή, η απόκλιση είναι μεγάλη στα μικρά βάθη και συνεπώς οι μέθοδοι περιβαλλουσών ωθήσεων γαιών είναι κατάλληλες μόνο για προκαταρκτικές αναλύσεις, για την αρχική επιλογή της διατομής της αντηρίδας.
Evaluating the performance of the NPL femtosecond frequency combs: Agreement at the $10^{-21}$ level
Creators: name: Johnson, L. A. M.
name: Gill, P.
name: Margolis, H. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results are presented from a series of comparisons between two independent femtosecond frequency comb systems at NPL, which were carried out in order to assess their systematic uncertainty. Simultaneous measurements with the two systems demonstrate agreement at the level of 5 x $10^{-18}$ when measuring an optical frequency against a common microwave reference. When simultaneously measuring the ratio of two optical frequencies, agreement at the 3 x $10^{-21}$ level is observed. The results represent the highest reported level of agreement to date between Ti:sapphire and Er-doped femtosecond combs. The limitations of the combs when operating in these two different manners are discussed, including traceability to the SI second, which can be achieved with an uncertainty below 1 x $10^{-16}$. The technical details presented underpin recent absolute frequency measurements of the $^{88}$Sr$^+$ and $^{171}$Yb$^+$ optical clock transitions at NPL, as well as a frequency ratio measurement between the two optical clock transitions in $^{171}$Yb$^+$.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Voderholzer, Rudolf (Hg.): Zur Seelsorge wiederverheirateter Geschiedener
Creators: name: Kreiml, Josef
Publisher: name: Forum Katholische Theologie
Year: 1970

description: Forum Katholische Theologie, Bd. 30 Nr. 4 (2014): Forum Katholische Theologie, Band 30, Heft 4
Baudry, Gérard-Henry: Handbuch der frühchristlichen Ikonographie
Creators: name: Bühren, Ralf Van
Publisher: name: Forum Katholische Theologie
Year: 1970

description: Forum Katholische Theologie, Bd. 30 Nr. 4 (2014): Forum Katholische Theologie, Band 30, Heft 4
Ein priesterliches Opfer des Nachkriegsunrechts 1945 in der Tschechoslowakei
Creators: name: Valasek, Emil
Publisher: name: Forum Katholische Theologie
Year: 1970

description: Forum Katholische Theologie, Bd. 30 Nr. 4 (2014): Forum Katholische Theologie, Band 30, Heft 4
Linked Data Platform For Plant Breeding & Genomics
Creators: name: Kuzniar, Arnold
name: Singh, Gurnoor
name: Ortiz, Carlos Martinez
name: Visser, Richard GF
name: Finkers, Richard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Linked Data
Fair Data Principles
Plant breeding
genetics
candidate genes
QTL

description: Genetics research is focusing more and more on mining fully sequenced genomes and their annotations to identify the causal genes associated with specific traits (phenotypes) of interest. However, a complex trait is typically associated with multiple quantitative trait loci (QTLs), each with hundreds of genes positively or negatively affecting the desired trait(s). To help breeders to rank candidate genes, we developed an analytics platform that provides semantically integrated geno- and phenotypic data on Solanacea species. This Linked Data platform combines both unstructured data from scientific literature and structured data from publicly available biological databases. In particular, QTLs were extracted from tables of (open access) articles using our recently developed tool called QTLTableMiner++ while the genomic annotations were obtained from the Sol Genomics Network (SGN), UniProt, and Ensemble Plants databases. The resulting RDF graphs include cross references to many other relevant databases such as Gramene, Plant Reactome, InterPro and KEGG (KO) etc. Users can query or analyse the linked datasets through a web interface, SPARQL and RESTful services (APIs).

Our aim is to provide a plant-oriented resources according to FAIR principles that aids breeders in predicting candidate genes for complex traits using available knowledge in the databases and literature.
A peculiar galaxy near M104
Creators: name: Quiroga, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Messier 104, NGC 4594, also known as the Sombrero Galaxy, has been extensively studied, especially its structure and stellar halo. Its abundance of globular clusters has given rise to many theories and much speculation (Ford H. C. et al 1996). But other objects in the vicinity of such a spectacular galaxy are sometimes ignored. While studying HST images available on the HST Legacy website of the halo of M104 (HST proposal 9714, PI: Keith Noll), the author observed at 12:40:07.829 -11:36:47.38 (in j2000) an object about 4 arcseconds in diameter. A study with VO tools suggests that the object is a SBc galaxy with AGN (Seyfert).
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
Additional file 1 of The prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms among first-year and fifth-year medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Alshehri, Abdullah
name: Alshehri, Badr
name: Alghadir, Omar
name: Basamh, Abdullah
name: Alzeer, Meshari
name: Alshehri, Mohammed
name: Nasr, Sameh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Supplemental Material
Creators: name: Zhang, Huabing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 110306 Endocrinology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110107 Metabolic Medicine

description: We used the data from China Health and Nutrition Survey to examine the association between occupational and domestic physical activity and the risk of diabetes in a long-term prospective cohort of Chinese adults.
Absolute rate coefficients for photorecombination and electron-impact ionization of magnesium-like iron ions from measurements at a heavy-ion storage ring
Creators: name: Bernhardt, D.
name: Becker, A.
name: Grieser, M.
name: Hahn, M.
name: Krantz, C.
name: Lestinsky, M.
name: Novotný, O.
name: Repnow, R.
name: Savin, D. W.
name: Spruck, K.
name: Wolf, A.
name: Müller, A.
name: Schippers, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rate coefficients for photorecombination (PR) and cross sections for electron-impact ionization (EII) of Fe$^{14+}$ forming Fe$^{13+}$ and Fe$^{15+}$, respectively, have been measured by employing the electron-ion merged-beams technique at a heavy-ion storage ring. Rate coefficients for PR and EII of Fe$^{14+}$ ions in a plasma are derived from the experimental measurements. Simple parametrizations of the experimentally derived plasma rate coefficients are provided for use in the modeling of photoionized and collisionally ionized plasmas. In the temperature ranges where Fe$^{14+}$ is expected to form in such plasmas the latest theoretical rate coefficients of Altun et al. [Astron. Astrophys. 474, 1051 (2007)] for PR and of Dere [Astron. Astrophys. 466, 771 (2007)] for EII agree with the experimental results to within the experimental uncertainties. Common features in the PR and EII resonance structures are identified and discussed.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables, submitted for publication to Physical Review A
Hrncsti, Jörg / Pistill, Ulrich / Lintner, Martin (Hg.): Karl Golser - Moraltheologe und Bischof
Creators: name: Kreiml, Josef
Publisher: name: Forum Katholische Theologie
Year: 1970

description: Forum Katholische Theologie, Bd. 30 Nr. 3 (2014): Forum Katholische Theologie, Band 30, Heft 3
Angle-Resolved Pair Photoemission Theory for Correlated Electrons
Creators: name: Devereaux, Thomas P.
name: Claassen, Martin
name: Huang, Xu-Xin
name: Zaletel, Michael
name: Moore, Joel E.
name: Morr, Dirk
name: Mahmood, Fahad
name: Abbamonte, Peter
name: Shen, Zhi-Xun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we consider the possibility and conditions for pair photoemission whereby two incident photons emit pairs of electrons from a candidate material as a novel method to measure and visualize electronic correlations. As opposed to double photoemission - where a single photon precipitates the ejection of a pair electrons via a subsequent electron energy loss scattering process - we show that pair photoemission need not be limited to interference between initial photoelectrons and valence electrons, and moreover, can occur without the energy penalty of two work functions. This enables detection of pairs of electrons at high energy resolution that may be correlated in the same quantum many-body states.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
A fast interface solver for the biharmonic Dirichlet problem on polygonal domains
Creators: name: Khoromskij, Boris N.
name: Schmidt, Gunther
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Biharmonic equation
subject: boundary integral operators
subject: fast elliptic solvers
subject: interface operators
subject: matrix compression
subject: preconditioning
subject: 31A30
subject: 35J40
subject: 65N12
subject: 65N30

description: In this paper we propose and analyze an efficient discretization scheme for the boundary reduction of the biharmonic Dirichlet problem on convex polygonal domains. First we study mapping properties of biharmonic Poincaré-Steklov operators. We show that the biharmonic Dirichlet problem can be reduced to the solution of a harmonic Dirichlet problem and of an equation with the restriction of the Poincaré-Steklov operator. We then propose a mixed FE discretization (by linear elements) of this equation which admits efficient preconditioning and matrix compression resulting in the complexity log ε-1O(N logq N). Here N is the number of degrees of freedom on the underlying boundary, ε > 0 is an error reduction factor, q = 2 or q = 3 for rectangular or polygonal boundaries, respectively. As a consequence an asymptotically optimal iterative interface solver for boundary reductions of the biharmonic Dirichlet problem on convex polygonal domains is derived. A numerical example confirms the theory.
SHAPFUZZ: Efficient Fuzzing via Shapley-Guided Byte Selection
Creators: name: Zhang, Kunpeng
name: Zhu, Xiaogang
name: Xiao, Xi
name: Xue, Minhui
name: Zhang, Chao
name: Wen, Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Mutation-based fuzzing is popular and effective in discovering unseen code and exposing bugs. However, only a few studies have concentrated on quantifying the importance of input bytes, which refers to the degree to which a byte contributes to the discovery of new code. They often focus on obtaining the relationship between input bytes and path constraints, ignoring the fact that not all constraint-related bytes can discover new code. In this paper, we conduct Shapely analysis to understand the effect of byte positions on fuzzing performance, and find that some byte positions contribute more than others and this property often holds across seeds. Based on this observation, we propose a novel fuzzing solution, ShapFuzz, to guide byte selection and mutation. Specifically, ShapFuzz updates Shapley values (importance) of bytes when each input is tested during fuzzing with a low overhead, and utilizes contextual multi-armed bandit to trade off between mutating high Shapley value bytes and low-frequently chosen bytes. We implement a prototype of this solution based on AFL++, i.e., ShapFuzz. We evaluate ShapFuzz against ten state-of-the-art fuzzers, including five byte schedule-reinforced fuzzers and five commonly used fuzzers. Compared with byte schedule-reinforced fuzzers, ShapFuzz discovers more edges and exposes more bugs than the best baseline on three different sets of initial seeds. Compared with commonly used fuzzers, ShapFuzz exposes 20 more bugs than the best comparison fuzzer, and discovers 6 more CVEs than the best baseline on MAGMA. Furthermore, ShapFuzz discovers 11 new bugs on the latest versions of programs, and 3 of them are confirmed by vendors.
Multiterminal Conductance of a Floquet Topological Insulator
Creators: name: Torres, L. E. F. Foa
name: Perez-Piskunow, P. M.
name: Balseiro, C. A.
name: Usaj, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on simulations of the dc conductance and quantum Hall response of a Floquet topological insulator using Floquet scattering theory. Our results reveal that laser-induced edge states in graphene lead to quantum Hall plateaus once imperfect matching with the non-illuminated leads is lessened. But the magnitude of the Hall plateaus is not directly related to the number and chirality of all the edge states at a given energy as usual. Instead, the plateaus are dominated only by those edge states adding to the dc density of states. Therefore, the dc quantum Hall conductance of a Floquet topological insulator is not directly linked to topological invariants of the full the Floquet bands.
description: 5 pages + 4 figures + suppl. material
Possible existence of stable compact stars in $κ(\mathcal{R},\mathcal{T})-$gravity
Creators: name: Teruel, Ginés R. Pérez
name: Singh, Ksh. Newton
name: Rahaman, Farook
name: Chowdhury, Tanmoy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first interior solutions representing compact stars in $κ(\mathcal{R},\mathcal{T})$ gravity, by solving the modified field equations in isotropic coordinates. Further, we have assumed the metric potentials in Schwarzschild's form and a few parameters along with the isotropic condition of pressure. For solving, we use specific choice of the running gravitational constant as $κ(\mathcal{R},\mathcal{T})=8π-λ\mathcal{T} ~~(G=\tilde{c}=1)$. Once arrived at the reduced field equations, we investigate two solutions with $c=1$ and $c \neq 1$, where $c$ denotes here another constant that should not be confused with the speed of light. Then, we investigate each solution by determining the thermodynamics variable {\it viz} pressure, density, speed of sound, and adiabatic index. We found that these solutions satisfy the Bondi criterion, causality condition, and energy conditions. We also found that the $M-R$ curves generated from these solutions satisfy the stringent constraints provided by the gravitational wave observations due to the neutron star merger GW 170817.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures
Optimal change-point estimation in inverse problems
Creators: name: Neumann, Michael H.
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Change-point estimation
subject: inverse problems
subject: indirect observations
subject: deconvolution
subject: errors-in-variables regression
subject: optimal rates of convergence
subject: 62G05
subject: 62G20

description: We develop a method of estimating change-points of a function in the case of indirect noisy observations. As two paradigmatic problems we consider deconvolution and errors-in-variables regression. We estimate the scalar products of our indirectly observed function with appropriate test functions, which are shifted over the interval of interest. An estimator of the change point is obtained by the extremal point of this quantity. We derive rates of convergence for this estimator. They depend on the degree of ill-posedness of the problem, which derives from the smoothness of the error density. Analyzing the Hellinger modulus of continuity of the problem we show that these rates are minimax.
A note on the extremality of the disordered state for the Ising model on the Bethe lattice
Creators: name: Ioffe, Dmitry
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Bethe lattice
subject: FK representation
subject: Ising model

description: We give a simple proof that the limit Ising Gibbs measure with free boundary conditions on the Bethe lattice with the forward branching ratio k ≥ 2 is extremal if and only if β is less or equal to the spin glass transition value, given by tanh(βSGc) = 1/√k.
Atmospheric Effects on Neutron Star Parameter Constraints with NICER
Creators: name: Salmi, Tuomo
name: Vinciguerra, Serena
name: Choudhury, Devarshi
name: Watts, Anna L.
name: Ho, Wynn C. G.
name: Guillot, Sebastien
name: Kini, Yves
name: Dorsman, Bas
name: Morsink, Sharon M.
name: Bogdanov, Slavko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of the effects of uncertainties in the atmosphere models on the radius, mass, and other neutron star parameter constraints for the NICER observations of rotation-powered millisecond pulsars. To date, NICER has applied the X-ray pulse profile modeling technique to two millisecond-period pulsars: PSR J0030+0451 and the high-mass pulsar PSR J0740+6620. These studies have commonly assumed a deep-heated, fully ionized hydrogen atmosphere model, although they have explored the effects of partial-ionization and helium composition in some cases. Here, we extend that exploration and also include new models with partially ionized carbon composition, externally heated hydrogen, and an empirical atmospheric beaming parameterization to explore deviations in the expected anisotropy of the emitted radiation. None of the studied atmosphere cases have any significant influence on the inferred radius of PSR J0740+6620, possibly due to its X-ray faintness, tighter external constraints, and/or viewing geometry. In the case of PSR J0030+0451, both the composition and ionization state could significantly alter the inferred radius. However, based on the evidence (prior predictive probability of the data), partially ionized hydrogen and carbon atmospheres are disfavored. The difference in the evidence for ionized hydrogen and helium atmospheres is too small to be decisive for most cases, but the inferred radius for helium models trends to larger sizes around or above 14-15 km. External heating or deviations in the beaming that are less than $5\,\%$ at emission angles smaller than 60 degrees, on the other hand, have no significant effect on the inferred radius.
description: 26 pages, 12 figures (2 of which are figure sets), 3 tables. Published in ApJ
Modelling, analysis and simulation of stochastic innovation diffusion
Creators: name: Schurz, Henri
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Innovation diffusion
subject: Bass model
subject: Stochastic differential equations
subject: Algebraic constraints
subject: Regularity
subject: Lyapunov-type methods
subject: Numerical methods
subject: Balanced implicit methods
subject: Numerical regularization
subject: Boundedness
subject: Mean square convergence

description: The well-known BASS model for description of diffusion of innovations has been extensively investigated within deterministic framework. One of the basic processes in modelling of these diffusions concerns with the propagation through word of mouth which is inherently nonlinear. As a more realistic modelling, the diffusion of an innovation in the presence of uncertainty is generally formulated in terms of nonlinear stochastic differential equations (SDEs). At first we discuss well-posedness, regularity (boundedness) and uniqueness of solutions of these SDEs. However, an explicit expression for analytical solution itself is not available. Accordingly one has to resort to numerical solution of SDEs for studying various aspects like the time-development of growth patterns, exit frequencies, mean passage times and impact of advertising policies. In this respect we present some basic aspects of numerical analysis of these random extensions of the BASS model, e.g. numerical regularity and mean square convergence. Therein the problem of numerical movement within reasonable boundaries (numerical solution on bounded manifolds) plays a significant role, in particular on intervals with reflecting or absorbing barriers, whereas the discretization of the state space (continuous time version of the set of possible adopters of the innovation) is circumvented. Such a study brings out salient features of the stochastic models (as e.g. boundedness of equilibria, faster initial adoption or earlier peak sales in comparison with deterministic model). To this end we shall provide discrete time estimations of the moment evolution and pathwise solutions based on Balanced implicit methods (see Mil'shtein et al. (1992)).
The disappearances of six supernova progenitors
Creators: name: Van Dyk, Schuyler D.
name: de Graw, Asia
name: Baer-Way, Raphael
name: Zheng, WeiKang
name: Filippenko, Alexei V.
name: Fox, Ori D.
name: Smith, Nathan
name: Brink, Thomas G.
name: de Jaeger, Thomas
name: Kelly, Patrick L.
name: Vasylyev, Sergiy S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As part of a larger completed Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Snapshot program, we observed the sites of six nearby core-collapse supernovae (SNe) at high spatial resolution: SN 2012A, SN 2013ej, SN 2016gkg, SN 2017eaw, SN 2018zd, and SN 2018aoq. These observations were all conducted at sufficiently late times in each SN's evolution to demonstrate that the massive-star progenitor candidate identified in each case in pre-explosion imaging data had indeed vanished and was therefore most likely the actual progenitor. However, we have determined for SN 2016gkg that the progenitor candidate was most likely a blend of two objects: the progenitor, which itself has likely vanished, and another closely-neighbouring star. We thus provide a revised estimate of that progenitor's properties: a binary system with a hydrogen-stripped primary star at explosion with effective temperature ~6300--7900 K, bolometric luminosity ~10^{4.65} L_sun, radius ~118--154 R_sun, and initial mass 9.5--11 M_sun. Utilising late-time additional archival HST data nearly contemporaneous with our Snapshots, we also show that SN 2017eaw had a luminous ultraviolet excess, which is best explained as a result of ongoing interaction of the SN shock with pre-existing circumstellar matter. We offer the caveat, particularly in the case of SN 2013ej, that obscuration from SN dust may be compromising our conclusions. This sample adds to the growing list of confirmed or likely core-collapse SN progenitors.
description: 12 pages, to appear in MNRAS
Raman spectroscopy of Fermi polarons
Creators: name: Hu, Hui
name: Liu, Xia-Ji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using a non-self-consistent many-body $T$-matrix theory, we calculate the finite-temperature Raman spectroscopy of a mobile impurity immersed in a Fermi bath in three dimensions. The dependences of the Raman spectrum on the transferred momentum, temperature, and impurity-bath interaction are discussed in detail. We confirm that the peak in the Raman spectrum shows a weaker dependence on the impurity concentration than that in the radio-frequency spectroscopy, due to the nonzero transferred momentum, as anticipated. We compare our theoretical prediction with the recent measurement by Gal Ness \textsl{et al.} in Physical Review X \textbf{10}, 041019 (2020) without any adjustable parameters. At weak coupling, we find a good quantitative agreement. However, close to the Feshbach resonance the agreement becomes worse. At strong coupling, we find that an unrealistic Fermi bath temperature might be needed, in order to account for the experimental data.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures; To appear in Physical Review A
[Rezension von: Stickelbroeck, Michael, 1963-, Das Heil des Menschen als Gnade]
Creators: name: Stickelbroeck, Michael
name: Marschler, Thomas
Publisher: name: Forum Katholische Theologie
Year: 1970

description: Forum Katholische Theologie, Bd. 30 Nr. 3 (2014): Forum Katholische Theologie, Band 30, Heft 3
Doppler Probe of Accretion onto a T Tauri star
Creators: name: Petrov, Peter P.
name: Gahm, Gösta
name: Herczeg, Gregory J.
name: Stempels, Henricus C.
name: Walter, Frederick M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The YY Ori stars are T Tauri stars with prominent time-variable redshifted absorption components that flank certain emission lines. One of the brightest in this class is S CrA, a visual double star. We have obtained a series of high-resolution spectra of the two components during four nights with the UVES spectrograph at the Very Large Telescope. We followed the spectral changes occurring in S CrA to derive the physical structure of the accreting gas. We found that both stars are very similar with regard to surface temperature, radius, and mass. Variable redshifted absorption components are particularly prominent in the SE component. During one night, this star developed a spectrum unique among the T Tauri stars: extremely strong and broad redshifted absorption components appeared in many lines of neutral and ionized metals, in addition to those of hydrogen and helium. The absorption depths of cooler, low ionization lines peak at low velocities - while more highly ionized lines have peak absorption depths at high velocities. The different line profiles indicate that the temperature and density of the accretion stream increase as material approaches the star. We derive the physical conditions of the flow at several points along the accretion funnel directly from the spectrum of the infalling gas. We estimated mass accretion rates of about 10^(-7) solar masses per year, which is similar to that derived from the relation based on the strength of H alpha emission line. This is the first time the density and temperature distributions in accretion flows around a T Tauri star have been inferred from observations. Compared with predictions from standard models of accretion in T Tauri stars, which assume a dipole stellar magnetic field, we obtained higher densities and a steeper temperature rise toward the star.
description: Replaces 1408.1846 4 pages, 4 figures. Appears in Astronomy and Astrophysics, 2014
Variability, polarimetry, and timing properties of single pulses from PSR J2222-0137 using FAST
Creators: name: Miao, X. L.
name: Zhu, W. W.
name: Kramer, M.
name: Freire, P. C. C.
name: Shao, L.
name: Yuan, M.
name: Meng, L. Q.
name: Wu, Z. W.
name: Miao, C. C.
name: Guo, Y. J.
name: Champion, D. J.
name: Fonseca, E.
name: Yao, J. M.
name: Xue, M. Y.
name: Niu, J. R.
name: Hu, H.
name: Zhang, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In our work, we analyse $5\times10^{4}$ single pulses from the recycled pulsar PSR J2222$-$0137 in one of its scintillation maxima observed by the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST). PSR J2222$-$0137 is one of the nearest and best studies of binary pulsars and a unique laboratory for testing gravitational theories. We report single pulses' energy distribution and polarization from the pulsar's main-pulse region. The single pulse energy follows the log-normal distribution. We resolve a steep polarization swing, but at the current time resolution ($64\,μ{\rm s}$), we find no evidence for the orthogonal jump in the main-pulse region, as has been suspected. We find a potential sub-pulse drifting period of $P_{3} \sim 3.5\,P$. We analyse the jitter noise from different integrated numbers of pulses and find that its $σ_{j}$ is $270\pm{9}\,{\rm ns}$ for 1-hr integration at 1.25 GHz. This result is useful for optimizing future timing campaigns with FAST or other radio telescopes.
description: 11 pages, 14 figures, accepted by Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Remarks on the existence for the one-dimensional Frémond model of shape memory alloys
Creators: name: Colli, Pierluigi
name: Sprekels, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Shape memory alloys
subject: Fremond model
subject: nonlinearhyperbolic - parabolic systems
subject: variational inequalities.
subject: 35D05
subject: 35K50
subject: 35L70

description: In this paper we outline a rigorous proof of the existence of solutions to one-dimensional initial-boundary value problems for the general and complete version of the Frémond thermo-mechanical model applying to shape memory alloys.