cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Structure, Function, and Cortical Representation of the Rat Submandibular Whisker Trident
Creators: name: Chorev, Edith
name: Chen, Christopher H.
name: Wallace, Michael L.
name: Thé, Lydia
name: Brecht, Michael
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Although the neurobiology of rodent facial whiskers has been studied intensively, little is known about sensing in other vibrissae. Here we describe the under-investigated submandibular "whisker trident" on the rat's chin. In this three-whisker array, a unique unpaired midline whisker is laterally flanked by two slightly shorter whiskers. All three whiskers point to the ground and are curved backwards. Unlike other whiskers, the trident is not located on an exposed body part. Trident vibrissae are not whisked and do not touch anything over long stretches of time. However, trident whiskers engage in sustained ground contact during head-down running while the animal is exploring or foraging. In biomechanical experiments, trident whiskers follow caudal ground movement more smoothly than facial whiskers. Remarkably, deflection angles decrease with increasing ground velocity. We identified one putative trident barrel in the left somatosensory cortex and two barrels in the right somatosensory cortex. The elongated putative trident-midline barrel is the longest and largest whisker barrel, suggesting that the midline trident whisker is of great functional significance. Cortical postsynaptic air-puff responses in the trident representation show much less temporal precision than facial whisker responses. Trident whiskers do not provide as much high-resolution information about object contacts as facial whiskers. Instead, our observations suggest an idiothetic function: their biomechanics allow trident whiskers to derive continuous measurements about ego motion from ground contacts. The midline position offers unique advantages in sensing heading direction in a laterally symmetric manner. The changes in trident deflection angle with velocity suggest that trident whiskers might function as a tactile speedometer.
(1281) John Henry Beckwith
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Lattice Supersymmetry and Holography
Creators: name: Joseph, Anosh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the last twenty years, work based on lattice supersymmetry has generated many new results and insights into the non-perturbative nature of string theory, quantum black holes, and gravity. This endeavor is a broad research program encompassing lattice field theory, supersymmetry, string theory, and quantum gravity. In this volume, we look at a selected subset of the topics covering recent progress in lattice supersymmetry and holography.
description: 4 pages; Editorial for the issue "Lattice Supersymmetry and Holography" of the European Physical Journal - Special Topics
(1277) John Beckwith
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Supplementary material (ESM) from Where and what? Frugivory is associated with more efficient foraging in three semi-free ranging primate species
Creators: name: Trapanese, Cinzia
name: Robira, Benjamin
name: Tonachella, Giordana
name: Gristina, Silvia Di
name: Meunier, Hélène
name: Masi, Shelly
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Additional information, figures and explanations of methods, analysis and results are provided in this file.
MAGIICAT V. Orientation of Outflows and Accretion Determine the Kinematics and Column Densities of the Circumgalactic Medium
Creators: name: Nielsen, Nikole M.
name: Churchill, Christopher W.
name: Kacprzak, Glenn G.
name: Murphy, Michael T.
name: Evans, Jessica L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dependence of gas kinematics and column densities in the MgII-absorbing circumgalactic medium on galaxy color, azimuthal angle, and inclination to trace baryon cycle processes. Our sample of 30 foreground isolated galaxies at $0.3
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in ApJ
IMPLEMENTATION OF AN EARLY ACTIVE PROGRESSIVE MOBILITY PROTOCOL IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
Creators: name: Helene Mendez
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: immobility
subject: intensive care unit
subject: ICU
subject: EPM
subject: ICU-AW
subject: early progressive mobility
subject: ACE STAR Model of Knowledge Transformation
subject: Land-based treatment
subject: EBPAS
subject: length of stay
subject: LOS
subject: Bedside Mobility Assessment Tool
subject: BMAT

description: Research shows that implementing a mobility protocol in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) reduces the incidence of ICU - acquired weakness, shortens hospital stays, increases patient mobility, and improves patient outcomes. This study is a quality improvement project investigating the impact of implementing an early progressive mobility protocol in an Intensive Care Unit in Southern California. The aims of this quality improvement project were to reduce the incidence of ICU- acquired weakness by decreasing ICU length of stay and improving patient mobility. ACE STAR Model of Knowledge Transformation was the framework used to guide the implementation of the new protocol. An Evidence-Based Practice Attitude Scale and nurse demographics survey, was administered pre- and post-intervention to assess the nurse’s attitudes toward adopting a new protocol and collect nurse demographics. All ICU nurses were educated on the new early progressive mobility protocol. The nurses were instructed to provide each patient with early progressive mobility each shift and document the mobility level in the electronic medical record. Intensive Care Unit length of stay and Bedside Mobility Assessment Tool scores were compared pre-and post-intervention and there was no statistically significant improvement. Post-survey, however, did find that 59% of nurses saw improvement in patient overall well-being after early progressive mobility implementation. Although there was not statistically significant improvement in this project with continued training and implementation there is room for improvement.
Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation Modulates Large-Scale Cortical Network Activity by Network Resonance
Creators: name: Ali, Mohsin M.
name: Fröhlich, Flavio
name: Sellers, Kristin K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has emerged as a potentially safe and effective brain stimulation modality that alters cortical excitability by passing a small, constant electric current through the scalp. tDCS creates an electric field that weakly modulates the membrane voltage of a large number of cortical neurons. Recent human studies have suggested that sine-wave stimulation waveforms [transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS)] represent a more targeted stimulation paradigm for the enhancement of cortical oscillations. Yet, the underlying mechanisms of how periodic, weak global perturbations alter the spatiotemporal dynamics of large-scale cortical network dynamics remain a matter of debate. Here, we simulated large-scale networks of spiking neuron models to address this question in endogenously rhythmic networks. We identified distinct roles of the depolarizing and hyperpolarizing phases of tACS in entrainment, which entailed moving network activity toward and away from a strong nonlinearity provided by the local excitatory coupling of pyramidal cells. Together, these mechanisms gave rise to resonance dynamics characterized by an Arnold tongue centered on the resonance frequency of the network. We then performed multichannel extracellular recordings of multiunit firing activity during tACS in anesthetized ferrets (
Supplementary ParTI analysis, city data table and Pareto trade-off diagrams from Travel in city road networks follows similar transport trade-off principles to neural and plant arbors.
Creators: name: Suen, Jonathan Y.
name: Saket Navlakha
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Computational Biology
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This file provides further explanation of ParTI analysis, as well as listing the city data in tabular form. We have provided all 101 trade-off diagrams for each city.
A general reconstruction of the recent expansion history of the universe
Creators: name: Vitenti, S. D. P.
name: Penna-Lima, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Distance measurements are currently the most powerful tool to study the expansion history of the universe without specifying its matter content nor any theory of gravitation. Assuming only an isotropic, homogeneous and flat universe, in this work we introduce a model-independent method to reconstruct directly the deceleration function via a piecewise function. Including a penalty factor, we are able to vary continuously the complexity of the deceleration function from a linear case to an arbitrary $(n+1)$-knots spline interpolation. We carry out a Monte Carlo (MC) analysis to determine the best penalty factor, evaluating the bias-variance trade-off, given the uncertainties of the SDSS-II and SNLS supernova combined sample (JLA), compilations of baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) and $H(z)$ data. The bias-variance analysis is done for three fiducial models with different features in the deceleration curve. For each fiducial model, we test different reconstructions using, in each case, more than $10^4$ catalogs in a total of about $5\times 10^5$. This investigation proved to be essential in determining the best reconstruction to study these data. We show that, evaluating a single fiducial model, the conclusions about the bias-variance ratio are misleading. We determine the reconstruction method in which the bias represents at most $10\%$ of the total uncertainty. Finally, we apply the Ensemble Sampler Markov Chain Monte Carlo (ESMCMC) method to explore the posterior of the deceleration function up to redshift $1.3$ (using only JLA) and $2.3$ (JLA+BAO+$H(z)$). We obtain that the standard cosmological model agrees within $3σ$ level with the reconstructed results in the whole studied redshift intervals. Since our method is calibrated to minimize the bias, the error bars of the reconstructed functions are a good approximation for the total uncertainty.
description: 33 pages, 20 figures, abstract abridged due to arXiv requirements, accepted for publication by JCAP
Politics, Economics, and Politics Again
Creators: name: Keech, William R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1991

description: This essay reconsiders the meaning of politics. It argues that economics offers theory and language that can contribute to the understanding and fulfillment of political life by facilitating analysis of the public interest. However, economics does not provide an escape from political disagreement, whether based on inevitable differences of interest or of belief, or on self-serving efforts to advance one cause at the expense of another. As a language of discourse, economics is shown to be compatible with a broader conception of human nature than is sometimes claimed by its practitioners or acknowledged by its critics.
COVID-19 Susceptibility, Mortality and Length of Hospitalization based on Age-Sex Composition: Insights for Intervention and Stratification
Creators: name: Ceballos, Roel F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has spread worldwide with an unprecedented impact on society. In the Philippines, several interventions such as mobility restrictions for different age groups and vaccination prioritization programs have been implemented to reduce the risks of infections and mortality. This study aimed to identify age-sex composition with greater susceptibility, longer hospitalization and higher fatality. The COVID-19 cases from March 2020 to April 2021 provided by the Department of Health Davao Region in the Philippines were analyzed. A Chi-square test was used to determine the difference in proportions of COVID-19 cases among age-sex compositions. A correlation plot of \c{hi}2 test residual was employed to investigate the differences in susceptibility. Boxplots and Kruskal-Wallis tests were utilized to compare the length of hospitalizations. The study found a significant difference in the COVID-19 susceptibility among age-sex compositions (p < 0.01). Male children and female senior citizens were the most susceptible age-sex compositions. Furthermore, senior citizens had the longest hospital days wherein the median and IQR days were 19 (15-27) for men and 18 (16-29) for women. Male senior citizen was the subgroup with the highest case fatality (21.4%, p < 0.01). It is recommended that the number of cases among senior citizens be used as an input in the planning and allocation of medical resources at the provincial and regional levels. The local government unit executives in the region can also take advantage of the availability of age-sex composition data in stratifying localities, planning, allocating COVID-19-related resources and imposing mobility restrictions.
Phase and TV Based Convex Sets for Blind Deconvolution of Microscopic Images
Creators: name: Tofighi, Mohammad
name: Yorulmaz, Onur
name: Cetin, A. Enis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this article, two closed and convex sets for blind deconvolution problem are proposed. Most blurring functions in microscopy are symmetric with respect to the origin. Therefore, they do not modify the phase of the Fourier transform (FT) of the original image. As a result blurred image and the original image have the same FT phase. Therefore, the set of images with a prescribed FT phase can be used as a constraint set in blind deconvolution problems. Another convex set that can be used during the image reconstruction process is the epigraph set of Total Variation (TV) function. This set does not need a prescribed upper bound on the total variation of the image. The upper bound is automatically adjusted according to the current image of the restoration process. Both of these two closed and convex sets can be used as a part of any blind deconvolution algorithm. Simulation examples are presented.
description: Submitted to IEEE Selected Topics in Signal Processing
(1278) Eliza Prichard
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Supplementary ParTI analysis, city data table and Pareto trade-off diagrams from Travel in city road networks follows similar trade-off transport principles as neural and plant arbors
Creators: name: Suen, Jonathan Y.
name: Saket Navlakha
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Computational Biology
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This file provides further explanation of ParTI analysis, as well as listing the city data in tabular form. We have provided all 101 trade-off diagrams for each city.
(1275) Mary Gladys [Aspinall]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Testing dimension and non-classicality in communication networks
Creators: name: Bowles, Joseph
name: Brunner, Nicolas
name: Pawłowski, Marcin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider networks featuring preparation, transformation, and measurement devices, in which devices exchange communication via mediating physical systems. We investigate the problem of testing the dimension of the mediating systems in the device-independent scenario, that is, based on observable data alone. A general framework for tackling this problem is presented, considering both classical and quantum systems. These methods can then also be used to certify the non-classicality of the mediating systems, given an upper bound on their dimension. Several case studies are reported, which illustrate the relevance of the framework. These examples also show that, for fixed dimension, quantum systems largely outperform classical ones. Moreover, the use of a transformation device considerably improves noise tolerance when compared to simple prepare-and-measure networks. These results suggest that the classical simulation of quantum systems becomes costly in terms of dimension, even for simple networks.
description: 11 pages, published version
Location and Type of Crimes in The Philippines: Insights for Crime Prevention and Management
Creators: name: Leikuma-Rimicane, Liene
name: Ceballos, Roel F.
name: Medina, Milton Norman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The purpose of this study was to determine the association of location and types of crimes in the Philippines and understand the impact of COVID-19 lockdowns by comparing the crime incidence and associations before and during the pandemic. A document review was used as the main method of data collection using the datasets from the Philippine Statistics Authority- Annual Statistical Yearbook (PSA-ASY). The dataset contained the volume of index crimes in the Philippines from 2016 to 2020. The index crimes were broken down into two major categories: crimes against persons and crimes against property. Incidence of crime-by-crime type was available for different administrative regions in the Philippines. Chi-square test and correlation plot of chi-square residual were used to determine the associations between the locations and types of index crimes. A correlation plot of the chisquare residual was used to investigate the patterns of associations. Results suggest that the continuing effort of the Philippine government to fight against criminality has resulted in a steady decline in the incidence of index crimes in the Philippines. The pandemic too contributed to the decline of crime incidence in the country. These results imply that police surveillance activities in highly populated areas and specific interventions to address sexual violence must be in place during community lockdowns. The Philippine National Police should heighten its campaign in violence against women and increase its workforce visibility especially in remote and densely populated areas. The results of this study can be used as input to local government units for developing programs and plans on crime prevention. For future researches, it is recommended to conduct a precinct level analysis for a closer look at crime surveillance.
Experimental and computational details from Hydrogen-bond-mediated structural variation of metal guanidinium formate hybrid perovskites under pressure.
Creators: name: Zhengqiang Yang
name: Guanqun Cai
name: Bull, Craig L.
name: Tucker, Matthew G.
name: Dove, Martin T.
name: Friedrich, Alexandra
name: Phillips, Anthony E.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Crystallography
subject: 30399 Macromolecular and Materials Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Details of single-crystal X-ray and powder neutron experiments and DFT calculations
(1276) Betty Crowther
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Research on data integration of overseas discrete archives from the perspective of digital humanties
Creators: name: Su, Rina
name: Li, 2. Yumeng
name: Yang, Xin
name: Yin, Xin
name: Chen, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The digitization of displaced archives is of great historical and cultural significance. Through the construction of digital humanistic platforms represented by MISS platform, and the comprehensive application of IIIF technology, knowledge graph technology, ontology technology, and other popular information technologies. We can find that the digital framework of displaced archives built through the MISS platform can promote the establishment of a standardized cooperation and dialogue mechanism between the archives authoritiess and other government departments. At the same time, it can embed the works o fichives ction of digital government and the economy, promote the exploration of the integration of archives management, data management, and information resource management, and ultimately promote the construction of a digital society. By fostering a new partnership between archives departments and enterprises, think tanks, research institutes, and industry associations, the role of multiple social subjects in the modernization process of the archives governance system and governance capacity will be brought into play. The National Archives Administration has launched a special operation to recover scattered archives overseas, drawing up a list and a recovery action plan for archives lost to overseas institutions and individuals due to war and other reasons. Through the National Archives Administration, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Supreme People's Court, the Supreme People's Procuratorate, and the Ministry of Justice, specific recovery work is carried out by studying and working on international laws.
WESkit: Workflow execution for HTC and cloud
Creators: name: Kensche, Philip R.
name: Schneider-Lunitz, Valentin
name: Cibin Sadasivan Baby
name: Kanitz, Alexander
name: Muffato, Matthieu
name: Twardziok, Sven
name: Buchhalter, Ivo
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2023

description: WESkit is an implementation of the Workflow Execution Service (WES) specification defined by the Global Alliance for Genomic Health (GA4GH). We aim to provide a stable, robust, and scalable solution for production environments with flexibility of deployment and application. WESkit is already in use at the Sanger Institute in the context of the Darwin Tree of Life project, and in the de.NBI cloud in the Krini application. At the DKFZ and the Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), WESkit will be used as the execution backend for the processing of cancer-related sequencing data. Currently, WESkit supports the workflow engines Snakemake and Nextflow. Workflow engine processes are executed as native applications in WESkit's deployment environment (Kubernetes), in IBM LSF, or in SLURM, while it is left to the engine's configuration in which infrastructure to execute the resource intensive workflow tasks. The poster illustrates WESkit's current state of development, features and basic architecture.
Counting on the Past or Investing in the Future? Economic and Political Accountability in Fujimori's Peru
Creators: name: Kelly, Jana Morgan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: This article strengthens and extends economic theories of presidential approval, assesses accountability in Peru's “delegative democracy,” and explores the political feasibility of economic policies. The analysis finds that prospective evaluations shape presidential approval in Peru, demonstrating the utility of economic theories in the developing world. Peruvians hold politicians accountable not only for the economic past, but also for future implications of past actions, which suggests that vertical accountability exists and that this type of accountability encourages forward-looking policy choices. Finally, the analysis indicates that important political events, including the capture of the Sendero Luminoso guerrillas and Fujimori's autogolpe, influence Peruvians' approval of the president.
Generating a Structured Summary of Numerous Academic Papers: Dataset and Method
Creators: name: Liu, Shuaiqi
name: Cao, Jiannong
name: Yang, Ruosong
name: Wen, Zhiyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.7; I.7

description: Writing a survey paper on one research topic usually needs to cover the salient content from numerous related papers, which can be modeled as a multi-document summarization (MDS) task. Existing MDS datasets usually focus on producing the structureless summary covering a few input documents. Meanwhile, previous structured summary generation works focus on summarizing a single document into a multi-section summary. These existing datasets and methods cannot meet the requirements of summarizing numerous academic papers into a structured summary. To deal with the scarcity of available data, we propose BigSurvey, the first large-scale dataset for generating comprehensive summaries of numerous academic papers on each topic. We collect target summaries from more than seven thousand survey papers and utilize their 430 thousand reference papers' abstracts as input documents. To organize the diverse content from dozens of input documents and ensure the efficiency of processing long text sequences, we propose a summarization method named category-based alignment and sparse transformer (CAST). The experimental results show that our CAST method outperforms various advanced summarization methods.
description: IJCAI 2022
Cluster-factorized steady states in finite range processes
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Amit
name: Pradhan, Punyabrata
name: Mohanty, P. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a class of nonequilibrium lattice models on a ring where particles hop in a particular direction, from a site to one of its (say, right) nearest neighbours, with a rate that depends on the occupation of all the neighbouring sites within a range R. This finite range process (FRP) for R=0 reduces to the well known zero-range process (ZRP), giving rise to a factorized steady state (FSS) for any arbitrary hop rate. We show that, provided the hop rates satisfy a specific condition, the steady state of FRP can be written as a product of cluster-weight function of (R+1) occupation variables. We show that, for a large class of cluster-weight functions, the cluster-factorized steady state admits a finite dimensional transfer-matrix formulation, which helps in calculating the spatial correlation functions and subsystem mass distributions exactly. We also discuss a criterion for which the FRP undergoes a condensation transition.
description: 11 pages, 3 eps figures
Electrical excitation of silicon-vacancy centers in single crystal diamond
Creators: name: Berhane, Amanuel M.
name: Choi, Sumin
name: Kato, Hiromitsu
name: Makino, Toshiharu
name: Mizuochi, Norikazu
name: Yamasaki, Satoshi
name: Aharonovich, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrically driven emission from negatively charged silicon-vacancy, (SiV)- centres in single crystal diamond is demonstrated. The SiV centres were generated using ion implantation into an intrinsic (i) region of a p-i-n single crystal diamond diode. Both electroluminescence and the photoluminescence signals exhibit the typical emission that is attributed to the (SiV)- centres. Under forward and reversed biased PL measurements, no signal from the neutral (SiV)0 defect could be observed. The realization of electrically driven (SiV)- emission is promising for scalable nanophotonics devices employing colour centres in single crystal diamond.
(1271) John St. Clair Upton
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Energy resolution and efficiency of phonon-mediated Kinetic Inductance Detectors for light detection
Creators: name: Cardani, L.
name: Colantoni, I.
name: Cruciani, A.
name: Di Domizio, S.
name: Vignati, M.
name: Bellini, F.
name: Casali, N.
name: Castellano, M. G.
name: Coppolecchia, A.
name: Cosmelli, C.
name: Tomei, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The development of sensitive cryogenic light detectors is of primary interest for bolometric experiments searching for rare events like dark matter interactions or neutrino-less double beta decay. Thanks to their good energy resolution and the natural multiplexed read-out, Kinetic Inductance Detectors (KIDs) are particularly suitable for this purpose. To efficiently couple KIDs-based light detectors to the large crystals used by the most advanced bolometric detectors, active surfaces of several cm$^2$ are needed. For this reason, we are developing phonon-mediated detectors. In this paper we present the results obtained with a prototype consisting of four 40 nm thick aluminum resonators patterned on a 2$\times$2 cm$^2$ silicon chip, and calibrated with optical pulses and X-rays. The detector features a noise resolution $σ_E=154\pm7$ eV and an (18$\pm$2)$\%$ efficiency.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images from Electrochemical characterization of manganese oxides as a water oxidation catalyst in proton exchange membrane electrolyser.
Creators: name: Hayashi, Toru
name: Bonnet-Mercier, Nadège
name: Yamaguchi, Akira
name: Suetsugu, Kazumasa
name: Ryuhei Nakamura
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 30203 Inorganic Green Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30504 Organic Green Chemistry
subject: 30699 Physical Chemistry not elsewhere classified

description: Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the carbon black (Vulcan XC-72) and the mixture of the gamma-MnO2 and the carbon black.
Compact MILP formulations for the $p$-center problem
Creators: name: Ales, Zacharie
name: Elloumi, Sourour
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The p-center problem consists in selecting p centers among M to cover N clients, such that the maximal distance between a client and its closest selected center is minimized. For this problem we propose two new and compact integer formulations. Our first formulation is an improvement of a previous formulation. It significantly decreases the number of constraints while preserving the optimal value of the linear relaxation. Our second formulation contains less variables and constraints but it has a weaker linear relaxation bound. We besides introduce an algorithm which enables us to compute strong bounds and significantly reduce the size of our formulations. Finally, the efficiency of the algorithm and the proposed formulations are compared in terms of quality of the linear relaxation and computation time over instances from OR-Library.
description: Lecture Notes in Computer Science 2018
(1273) Arthur Greenwood
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
First detailed study of two eccentric eclipsing binaries: TYC 5378-1590-1 and TYC 8378-252-1
Creators: name: Zasche, P.
name: Sürgit, D.
name: Erdem, A.
name: Engelbrecht, C. A.
name: Marang, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: The analysis of combined photometry and spectroscopy of eccentric eclipsing binary systems facilitates the derivation of precise values for the parameters of the component stars and their orbits, thereby providing stringent tests of theories of stellar structure and evolution. In this paper two eccentric eclipsing binary systems, TYC 5378-1590-1 and TYC 8378-252-1, are studied in detail for the first time. Methods: Radial velocities were obtained using cross-correlation methods applied to mid-resolution spectra covering almost the entire orbital phase domains of these two systems. TESS photometry was used for the analysis of TYC 5378-1590-1, whereas ASAS-SN photometry was used for the analysis of TYC 8378-252-1. Results: We obtained the first precise derivation of the physical parameters of these systems. Both systems display moderately eccentric orbits (e = 0.3 and 0.2) with periods of 3.7323 and 2.8776 days, respectively. The apsidal motion is very slow, with a duration of several centuries. We present two models for the apsidal motion of TYC 5378-1590-1. The internal structure constant derived from observations for TYC 8378-252-1 is approximately 11% lower than theoretical predictions. We discuss possible reasons for this discrepancy. Our analysis indicates that the components of both systems are on the main sequence. The components of TYC 5378-1590-1 are relatively young stars (age 600 Myr) close to the ZAMS, whereas the components of TYC 8378-252-1 are relatively old stars (age 4 Gyr) close to the TAMS. Our finding that the circularization timescale for TYC 5378-1590-1 is 200 times longer than its evolutionary age is compatible with theory; however, our the evolutionary age of TYC 8378-252-1 is approximately ten times longer than the circulation age, while its orbital eccentricity is quite high (e= 0.2), challenges the present theories of circularization.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures, 4 tables + 2 appendix tables, published in: 2023A&A...670A..39Z
Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images from Electrochemical characterization of manganese oxides as a water oxidation catalyst in proton exchange membrane electrolyzers
Creators: name: Hayashi, Toru
name: Bonnet-Mercier, Nadège
name: Yamaguchi, Akira
name: Suetsugu, Kazumasa
name: Ryuhei Nakamura
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 30203 Inorganic Green Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30504 Organic Green Chemistry
subject: 30699 Physical Chemistry not elsewhere classified

description: Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the carbon black (Vulcan XC-72) and the mixture of the gamma-MnO2 and the carbon black.
Deliverable 1.1. SUNRISE Consolidated Vision
Creators: name: Armaroli, Nicola
name: Barbieri, Andrea
name: Baumann, Stefan
name: Bercegol, Hervé
name: Artero, Vincent
name: Yagut Allahverdiyeva-Rinne
name: Eva-Mari Aro
name: Braun, Artur
name: Faber, Carina
name: Finazzi, Giovanni
name: Fleischer, Maximilian
name: Gärtner, Tobias
name: Groot, Huub De
name: Hammarström, Leif
name: Jouhet, Juliette
name: Kargul, Joanna
name: Magnuson, Ann
name: Potter, Robert
name: Vlcek, Antonin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: vision, artificial photosynthesis, renewable energies, renewable fuels and chemicals

description: Consolidated Vision of the SUNRISE initative: The vision of SUNRISE is to enable the production of renewable fuels, chemicals and materials on a global scale using abundant molecules as feedstocks (e.g., H2O, CO2, N2) and sunlight as the primary
 energy source.
The Least Dangerous Branch Revisited: New Evidence on Supreme Court Responsiveness to Public Preferences
Creators: name: Stimson, James A.
name: McGuire, Kevin T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: With competing assumptions and alternative empirical models, scholars have come to rather different conclusions about the impact of public preferences on the decisions of the U.S. Supreme Court. Some have found the justices to be attentive to mass opinion, while others have judged it to be irrelevant. Across this divide, however, one assumption is widely shared; that is, political scientists generally agree upon how best to measure the Court's outputs. In this analysis, we employ an alternative estimate of the justices’ liberalism, one which we think better reflects the underlying ideological tenor of their policies. With data from 1953 to 1996, we compare time-series models using different indicators of the Supreme Court's aggregate liberalism. Our results suggest that, in addition to being motivated by their own preferences, the justices are highly responsive to public mood, as well.
Tight binding analysis of Si and GaAs ultra thin bodies with subatomic resolution
Creators: name: Tan, Yaohua P.
name: Povolotsky, Michael
name: Kubis, Tillmann
name: Boykin, Timothy B.
name: Klimeck, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Empirical tight binding(ETB) methods are widely used in atomistic device simulations. Traditional ways of generating the ETB parameters rely on direct fitting to bulk experiments or theoretical electronic bands. However, ETB calculations based on existing parameters lead to unphysical results in ultra small structures like the As terminated GaAs ultra thin bodies(UTBs). In this work, it is shown that more reliable parameterizations can be obtained by a process of mapping ab-initio bands and wave functions to tight binding models. This process enables the calibration of not only the ETB energy bands but also the ETB wave functions with corresponding ab-initio calculations. Based on the mapping process, ETB model of Si and GaAs are parameterized with respect to hybrid functional calculations. Highly localized ETB basis functions are obtained. Both the ETB energy bands and wave functions with subatomic resolution of UTBs show good agreement with the corresponding hybrid functional calculations. The ETB methods can then be used to explain realistically extended devices in non-equilibrium that can not be tackled with ab-initio methods.
description: 11pages, 10 figures
Testing SgrA$^*$ with the spectrum of its accretion structure
Creators: name: Lin, Nan
name: Li, Zilong
name: Arthur, Jake
name: Asquith, Rachel
name: Bambi, Cosimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SgrA$^*$ is the supermassive black hole candidate at the center of the Galaxy and an ideal laboratory to test general relativity. Following previous work by other authors, we use the Polish doughnut model to describe an optically thin and constant angular momentum ion torus in hydrodynamical equilibrium and model the accretion structure around SgrA$^*$. The radiation mechanisms are bremsstrahlung, synchrotron emission, and inverse Compton scattering. We compute the spectrum as seen by a distant observer in Kerr and non-Kerr spacetimes and we study how an accurate measurement can constrain possible deviations form the Kerr solution. As in the case of emission from a thin accretion disk, we find a substantial degeneracy between the determination of the spin and of possible deviations from the Kerr geometry, even when the parameters of the ion torus are fixed. This means that this technique cannot independently test the nature of SgrA$^*$ even in the presence of good data and with the systematics under control. However, it might do it in combination with other measurements (black hole shadow, radio pulsar, etc.).
description: 1+11 pages, 5 figures. v2: refereed version. Corrected a problem in the code and found somewhat different conclusions
V907 Sco Switched to the Eclipsing Mode Again
Creators: name: Zasche, P.
name: Vokrouhlický, D.
name: Barlow, B. N.
name: Mašek, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: V907 Scorpii is a unique triple system in which the inner binary component has been reported to have switched on and off eclipses several times in modern history. In spite of its peculiarity, observational data on this system are surprisingly scarce. Here we make use of the recent Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite observations, as well as our own photometric and spectroscopic data, to expand the overall data set and study the V907 Sco system in more detail. Our analysis provides both new and improved values for several of its fundamental parameters: (i) the masses of the stars in the eclipsing binary are 2.74 +/- 0.02 M_0 and 2.56 +/- 0.02 M_0; and (ii) the third component is a solar-type star with mass 1.06 +/-0.11 M_0 (90% C.L.), orbiting the binary on an elongated orbit with an eccentricity of 0.47 +/- 0.02 and a period of 142.01 +/- 0.05 days. The intermittent intervals of time when eclipses of the inner binary are switched on and off are caused by a mutual 26.2 (+/- 2.6) inclination of the inner- and outer-orbit planes, and a favorable inclination of about 71 deg of the total angular momentum of the system. The nodal precession period is Pv = 63.5 +/- 3.3 yr. The inner binary will remain eclipsing for another approx 26 yr, offering an opportunity to significantly improve the parameters of the model. This is especially true during the next decade when the inner-orbit inclination will increase to nearly 90 degrees. Further spectroscopic observations are also desirable, as they can help to improve constraints on the system's orbital architecture and its physical parameters.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures, published in: 2023AJ....165...81Z
Demography, Democracy and Disputes: The Search for the Elusive Relationship Between Population Growth and International Conflict
Creators: name: Siverson, Randolph M.
name: Cranmer, Skyler J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: AbstractWe examine the propensity of states to initiate international conflict conditioned on four primary explanatory variables: (1) changes in population over varying lags, (2) democratic status of the state, (3) the power status of the state, and (4) changes in the state's level of energy consumption. We hypothesize that the responsiveness of a government to the needs of its citizens is sufficiently important that the effect of population growth cannot be properly examined independently of democracy and that major powers tend to become involved in disputes for a much wider set of reasons than minor powers. Thus, we expect to find the strongest effect of population change on conflict initiation in democratic minor powers. We also expect that decreases in energy consumption concurrent with increases in population will lead to conflict initiation. A series of negative binomial regressions over 20 yearly time lags lends robust support to our expectations.