cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Mentoring At-risk Youth: An Intervention for Skill Building in Problem Solving, Decision Making, and Conflict Resolution
Creators: name: Heater, Deborah J.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2000

description: Low interpersonal skill level in younger youth has shown to lead to higher rates of delinquent behavior in older adolescents. Utah State University Extension established a program titled Youth and Families with Promise (YFP). This is a research-based mentoring program where mentors were screened, matched to individual youth, and activities planned that focus on 8 of the Search Institute's 40 assets. The program provided services for 156 at-risk youth ages 7 to 16 in six Utah counties, 66 of whom completed a pretest and posttest assessment. This research-based, intervention/prevention program has shown that the interventions used were effective in building skills in youth, assisting them in planning for the future, making better decisions, and resolving conflict nonviolently. This research evaluates three of those eight assets: problem solving, decision making, and peaceful conflict resolution.
Participating college-age mentors from the same six counties were matched with one or two at-risk youth. Group family activities based on the three assets were held monthly. By using a youth self-assessment pre- and posttest survey and a posttest survey for parents, teachers, and mentors, the program was evaluated. This research project is a study of the YFP at-risk youth mentoring program during an 8-month period.
Although results were not statistically significant, youth gained more assets and had a higher score on the posttest, with the exception of four items: avoidance of making decisions, hanging out with troubled friends, doing what friends want even if it will get them into trouble, and pushing back when they themselves are pushed.
An integral boundary layer equation for film flow over inclined wavy bottoms
Creators: name: Häcker, Tobias
name: Uecker, Hannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35Q35, 76D33

description: We study the flow of an incompressible liquid film down a wavy incline. Applying a Galerkin method with only one ansatz function to the Navier-Stokes equations we derive a second order weighted residual integral boundary layer equation, which in particular may be used to describe eddies in the troughs of the wavy bottom. We present numerical results which show that our model is qualitatively and quantitatively accurate in wide ranges of parameters, and we use the model to study some new phenomena, for instance the occurrence of a short wave instability for laminar flows which does not exist over flat bottom.
description: 23 pages, 12 figures. We added a new Section "Regularization" in which we additionally apply a Pade-like regularization to the weighted residual integral boundary layer equation
Dissipative Dynamics of a Fermionic Superfluid with Two-Body Losses
Creators: name: Mazza, Giacomo
name: Schirò, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dissipative dynamics of a fermionic superfluid in presence of two-body losses. We use a variational approach for the Lindblad dynamics and obtain dynamical equations for Anderson's pseudo-spins where dissipation enters as a complex pairing interaction as well as effective, density-dependent, single particle losses which break the conservation of the pseudo-spin norm. We show that this latter has key consequences on the dynamical behavior of the system. In the case of a sudden switching of two-body losses we show that the superfluid order parameter decays much faster than then particle density at short times and eventually slows-down, setting into a power-law decay at longer time scales driven by the depletion of the system. We then consider a quench of pairing interaction, leading to coherent oscillations in the unitary case, followed by the switching of the dissipation. We show that losses wash away the dynamical BCS synchronization by introducing not only damping but also a renormalization of the frequency of coherent oscillations, which depends non-linearly from the rate of the two-body losses.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. Supplementary Material: 6 pages, 3 figures
Extreme value statistics of edge currents in Markov jump processes and their use for entropy production estimation
Creators: name: Neri, Izaak
name: Polettini, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The infimum of an integrated current is its extreme value against the direction of its average flow. Using martingale theory, we show that the infima of integrated edge currents in time-homogeneous Markov jump processes are geometrically distributed, with a mean value determined by the effective affinity measured by a marginal observer that only sees the integrated edge current. In addition, we show that a marginal observer can estimate a finite fraction of the average entropy production rate in the underlying nonequilibrium process from the extreme value statistics in the integrated edge current. The estimated average rate of dissipation obtained in this way equals the above mentioned effective affinity times the average edge current. Moreover, we show that estimates of dissipation based on extreme value statistics can be significantly more accurate than those based on thermodynamic uncertainty ratios, as well as those based on a naive estimator obtained by neglecting nonMarkovian correlations in the Kullback-Leibler divergence of the trajectories of the integrated edge current.
description: 38 pages, 6 figures
Accelerating discrete dislocation dynamics simulations with graph neural networks
Creators: name: Bertin, Nicolas
name: Zhou, Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Discrete dislocation dynamics (DDD) is a widely employed computational method to study plasticity at the mesoscale that connects the motion of dislocation lines to the macroscopic response of crystalline materials. However, the computational cost of DDD simulations remains a bottleneck that limits its range of applicability. Here, we introduce a new DDD-GNN framework in which the expensive time-integration of dislocation motion is entirely substituted by a graph neural network (GNN) model trained on DDD trajectories. As a first application, we demonstrate the feasibility and potential of our method on a simple yet relevant model of a dislocation line gliding through an array of obstacles. We show that the DDD-GNN model is stable and reproduces very well unseen ground-truth DDD simulation responses for a range of straining rates and obstacle densities, without the need to explicitly compute nodal forces or dislocation mobilities during time-integration. Our approach opens new promising avenues to accelerate DDD simulations and to incorporate more complex dislocation motion behaviors.
Lattice QCD calculation of $π^0\rightarrow e^+ e^-$ decay
Creators: name: Christ, Norman
name: Feng, Xu
name: Jin, Luchang
name: Tu, Cheng
name: Zhao, Yidi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the application of lattice QCD to the two-photon-mediated, order $α^2$ rare decay $π^0\rightarrow e^+ e^-$. By combining Minkowski- and Euclidean-space methods we are able to calculate the complex amplitude describing this decay directly from the underlying theories (QCD and QED) which predict this decay. The leading connected and disconnected diagrams are considered; a continuum limit is evaluated and the systematic errors are estimated. We find $\mathrm{Re} \mathcal{A} = 18.60(1.19)(1.04)\,$eV, $\mathrm{Im} \mathcal{A} = 32.59(1.50)(1.65)\,$eV, a more accurate value for the ratio $\frac{\mathrm{Re} \mathcal{A}}{\mathrm{Im} \mathcal{A}}=0.571(10)(4)$ and a result for the partial width $Γ(π^0\toγγ) = 6.60(0.61)(0.67)\,$eV. Here the first errors are statistical and the second systematic. This calculation is the first step in determining the more challenging, two-photon-mediated decay amplitude that contributes to the rare decay $K\toμ^+μ^-$.
Weak solutions for the Stokes system for compressible non-Newtonian fluids with unbounded divergence
Creators: name: Pokorný, Milan
name: Szlenk, Maja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate the existence of weak solutions to a certain system of partial differential equations, modelling the behaviour of a compressible non-Newtonian fluid for small Reynolds number. We construct the weak solutions despite the lack of the $L^\infty$ estimate on the divergence of the velocity field. The result was obtained by combining the regularity theory for singular operators with a certain logarithmic integral inequality for $BMO$ functions, which allowed us to adjust the method from (Feireisl et al., 2015) to more relaxed conditions on the velocity.
LHC constraints on electroweakino dark matter revisited
Creators: name: Buanes, Trygve
name: Lara, Iñaki
name: Rolbiecki, Krzysztof
name: Sakurai, Kazuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit LHC searches for heavy invisible particles by exploiting QCD initial state radiation. We recast a dijet signal region in a general multijet plus MET search by ATLAS. We find that non-trivial mass limit can be obtained for various models of the electroweakino sector with the present data in hadronic channels. The winos are bound to be heavier than $m_{\tilde W} \gtrsim {160}$ GeV and higgsinos $m_{\tilde h} \gtrsim {100}$ GeV, depending on the chargino-neutralino mass splitting. The expected exclusion limits at the LHC Run 3 with $\mathcal{L} = 300$ fb$^{-1}$ increase to $m_{\tilde W} \gtrsim {200}$ GeV and $m_{\tilde h} \gtrsim {130}$ GeV for winos and higgsino, respectively. This is the first LHC limit for promptly decaying nearly mass-degenerate winos.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures; updated references, expectations for LHC Run 3 added; to appear in PRD
Studies of the UHECR propagation in the Galactic Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Vorobiov, S.
name: Hussain, M.
name: Veberič, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of simulations of the ultra-high energy cosmic ray (UHECR) propagation in the Galactic magnetic field (GMF). Different assumptions on the large-scale GMF structure and/or primary particle lead to distinctly different deflection patterns of the highest energy cosmic rays (CR). The GMF modifies the exposure of an UHECR experiment to the extragalactic sky. We estimated these effects for the Pierre Auger experiment. Further forward-tracking studies under plausible UHECR sources scenarios will allow for direct comparison with the observed correlation between the nearby active galactic nuclei (AGN) and the highest energy Auger events.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. To be published in the Proceedings of the XV International Symposium on Very High Energy Cosmic Ray Interactions (ISVHECRI 2008), Paris, France, September 1-6, 2008
Additional file 4 of Geographical origin of Plasmodium vivax in the Hainan Island, China: insights from mitochondrial genome
Creators: name: Li, Yuchun
name: Huang, Xiaomin
name: Qing, Ling
name: Zeng, Wen
name: Zeng, Xiangjie
name: Meng, Feng
name: Wang, GuangZe
name: Chen, Yan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Haplotypes in all geographical location.
Epistemological Letters 25
Creators: name: Shimony, Abner
name: Galles, C.D.
name: Bonsack, F.
name: Selleri, F.
name: Mugur-Schachter, M.
name: Costa de Beauregard, O.
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2023

description: Issue 25 is a written symposium on the foundations of quantum physics, edited by François Bonsack, Abner Shimony, and others. It was published and distributed to a limited mailing list by Association Ferdinand Gonseth.
A new way to perform partial wave decompositions of few-nucleon forces
Creators: name: Golak, J.
name: Rozpedzik, D.
name: Skibinski, R.
name: Topolnicki, K.
name: Witala, H.
name: Glockle, W.
name: Nogga, A.
name: Epelbaum, E.
name: Kamada, H.
name: Elster, Ch.
name: Fachruddin, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate a general and exact method of partial wave decomposition (PWD) of any nucleon-nucleon (NN) potential and any three-nucleon (3N) force. The approach allows one to efficiently use symbolic algebra software to generate the interaction dependent part of the program code calculating the interaction. We demonstrate the feasibility of this approach for the one-boson exchange BonnB potential, a recent nucleon-nucleon chiral force and the chiral two-pion-exchange three-nucleon force. In all cases very good agreement between the new and the traditional PWD is found. The automated PWD offered by the new approach is of the utmost importance in view of future applications of numerous chiral N3LO contributions to the 3N force in three nucleon calculations.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures (24 eps files)
Rare decay $t\to cγγ$ via scalar leptoquark doublets
Creators: name: Bolaños-Carrera, A.
name: Sánchez-Vélez, R.
name: Tavares-Velasco, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A calculation of the one-loop contribution to the rare three-body flavor changing neutral current top quark decay $t\to cγγ$ is presented in the framework of models with one or more scalar leptoquark $SU(2)$ doublets with hypercharge $7/6$. Analytical expressions for the invariant amplitude of the generic decay $f_i\to f_jγγ$, with $f_{i,j}$ a lepton or quark, are presented in terms of Passarino-Veltman integral coefficients, from which the amplitudes for the processes $t\to cγγ$ and $\ell_i\to \ell_jγγ$ follow easily. An analysis of the current constraints on the parameter space is presented in the scenario with only one scalar LQ doublet and bounds on the LQ couplings are obtained from the muon $g-2$ anomaly, the lepton flavor violating (LFV) decay $τ\to μγ$ and extra constraints meant to avoid tension between theory predictions and experimental data. For a LQ with a mass in the range of $1$--$1.5$ TeVs, the estimate ${\rm Br}(t\to cγγ)\sim 10^{-11}$--$10^{-12}$ is obtained for the largest allowed values of the LQ coupling constants, which means that this decay would be below the reach of future experimental measurements. We also consider an scenario with three scalar doublets, which was recently proposed to explain the lepton flavor universality violation anomalies in $B$ decays as well as the muon $g-2$ anomaly. Although this scenario allows large LQ couplings to the tau lepton and the $c$ and $t$ quarks, the branching ratio of the $t\to cγγ$ decay is also of the order of $10^{-11}$--$10^{-12}$ for LQ masses of 1.7 TeV.
description: In preparation for Journal Submission
Infinitely Robust Order and Local Order-Parameter Tulips in Apollonian Networks with Quenched Disorder
Creators: name: Kaplan, C. Nadir
name: Hinczewski, Michael
name: Berker, A. Nihat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a variety of quenched random spin systems on an Apollonian network, including ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic bond percolation and the Ising spin glass, we find the persistence of ordered phases up to infinite temperature over the entire range of disorder. We develop a renormalization-group technique that yields highly detailed information, including the exact distributions of local magnetizations and local spin-glass order parameters, which turn out to exhibit, as function of temperature, complex and distinctive tulip patterns.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures; updated to reflect minor changes in published version
Equation of state of a hot-and-dense quark gluon plasma: lattice simulations at real $μ_B$ vs. extrapolations
Creators: name: Borsanyi, Szabolcs
name: Fodor, Zoltan
name: Giordano, Matteo
name: Guenther, Jana N.
name: Katz, Sandor D.
name: Pasztor, Attila
name: Wong, Chik Him
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The equation of state of the quark gluon plasma is a key ingredient of heavy ion phenomenology. In addition to the traditional Taylor method, several novel approximation schemes have been proposed with the aim of calculating it at finite baryon density. In order to gain a pragmatic understanding of the limits of these schemes, we compare them to direct results at $μ_B>0$, using reweighting techniques free from an overlap problem. We use 2stout improved staggered fermions with 8 time-slices and cover the entire RHIC BES range in the baryochemical potential, up to $μ_B/T=3$.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Physical Tuning and Naturalness
Creators: name: Branchina, C.
name: Branchina, V.
name: Contino, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a radically new proposal for the solution of the naturalness/hierarchy problem, where the fine-tuning of the Higgs mass finds its physical explanation and the well-known multiplicative renormalization of the usual perturbative approach emerges as an IR property of the non-perturbative running of the mass.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
The Direct-Method Oxygen Abundance of Typical Dwarf Galaxies at Cosmic High-Noon
Creators: name: Gburek, Timothy
name: Siana, Brian
name: Alavi, Anahita
name: Emami, Najmeh
name: Richard, Johan
name: Freeman, William R.
name: Stark, Daniel P.
name: Snapp-Kolas, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a Keck/MOSFIRE, rest-optical, composite spectrum of 16 typical, gravitationally-lensed, star-forming, dwarf galaxies at $1.7 \lesssim z \lesssim 2.6$ ($z_{\rm{mean}}=2.30$), all chosen independent of emission-line strength. These galaxies have a median stellar mass of $\log(M_\ast/\rm{M_\odot})_{\rm{med}} = 8.29^{+0.51}_{-0.43}$ and a median star formation rate of $\rm{SFR_{Hα}^{med} = 2.25^{+2.15}_{-1.26}\ M_\odot\ yr^{-1}}$. We measure the faint, electron-temperature-sensitive, [O III] $λ$4363 emission line at $2.5σ$ ($4.1σ$) significance when considering a bootstrapped (statistical-only) uncertainty spectrum. This yields a direct-method oxygen abundance of $12+\log(\rm{O/H})_{\rm{direct}}=7.88^{+0.25}_{-0.22}$ ($0.15^{+0.12}_{-0.06}\ \rm{Z_\odot}$). We investigate the applicability at high-$z$ of locally-calibrated, oxygen-based, strong-line metallicity relations, finding that the local reference calibrations of arXiv:1805.08224 best reproduce ($\lesssim 0.12$ dex) our composite metallicity at fixed strong-line ratio. At fixed $M_\ast$, our composite is well-represented by the $z \sim 2.3$ direct-method stellar mass$\,-\,$gas-phase metallicity relation (MZR) of arXiv:1907.00013. When comparing to predicted MZRs from the IllustrisTNG and FIRE simulations, we find excellent agreement with the FIRE MZR. Our composite is consistent with no metallicity evolution, at fixed $M_\ast$ and SFR, of the locally-defined fundamental metallicity relation. We measure the doublet ratio [O II] $λ$3729/[O II] $\lambda3726 = 1.56 \pm 0.32$ ($1.51 \pm 0.12$) and a corresponding electron density of $n_e = 1^{+215}_{-0}\ \rm{cm^{-3}}$ ($n_e = 1^{+74}_{-0}\ \rm{cm^{-3}}$) when considering the bootstrapped (statistical-only) error spectrum. This result suggests that lower-mass galaxies have lower densities than higher-mass galaxies at $z \sim 2$.
description: 30 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables, abstract slightly abridged, use of PyNeb adopted (replacing use of IRAF) to calculate electron temperatures and densities; change in results is negligible, accepted for publication in ApJ
Comparative morphology of two closely related species of the Cottid genus Myoxocephalus
Creators: name: Cowan, Garry I. McT.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: A detailed morphological study has been made between two apparently closely related species of the cottid genus Myoxocephalus (Steller) Tilesius, Myoxocephalus polyacanthocephalus Pallas and Myoxocephalus jaok (Cuvier and Valenciennes), Large series of both species were examined. Coloration was found to be one of the major differences, between the two species. They were also found to differ in the degree of sexual dimorphism. Sguamation, the lateral line system, and osteology were examined by clearing and staining. The scales and lateral line ossicles were found to be morphologically distinct. The osteology was essentially similar in both species, the only major difference being the loss of the third preopercular spine in M. jaok. The musculature of head and caudal regions was examined in detail but no significant differences were encountered. A preliminary examination of the 1 muscle proteins by means of starch-gel electrophoresis was also undertaken. Distinct differences in the mobilities of several protein bands were encountered. Analyses of meristic characters revealed large variation, and almost complete range overlap between the two species. The modes of several of these counts however, were different. Morphometric characters indicated close similarity and of the 32 measurements taken and the 992 combinations compared, only two yielded significant differences„ These were depth of caudal peduncle against length of anal fin base and depth of caudal peduncle against length of second dorsal fin base.
Quantum corrections to the entropy of charged rotating black holes
Creators: name: Akbar, M.
name: Saifullah, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hawking radiation from a black hole can be viewed as quantum tunneling of particles through the event horizon. Using this approach we provide a general framework for studying corrections to the entropy of black holes beyond semiclassical approximations. Applying the properties of exact differentials for three variables to the first law thermodynamics, we study charged rotating black holes and explicitly work out the corrections to entropy and horizon area for the Kerr-Newman and charged rotating BTZ black holes. It is shown that the results for other geometries like the Schwarzschild, Reissner-Nordström and anti-de Sitter Schwarzschild spacetimes follow easily.
Adaptive logarithmic discretization for numerical renormalization group methods
Creators: name: Zitko, Rok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of the logarithmic discretization of an arbitrary positive function (such as the density of states) is studied in general terms. Logarithmic discretization has arbitrary high resolution around some chosen point (such as Fermi level) and it finds application, for example, in the numerical renormalization group (NRG) approach to quantum impurity problems (Kondo model), where the continuum of the conduction band states needs to be reduced to a finite number of levels with good sampling near the Fermi level. The discretization schemes under discussion are required to reproduce the original function after averaging over different interleaved discretization meshes, thus systematic deviations which appear in the conventional logarithmic discretization are eliminated. An improved scheme is proposed in which the discretization-mesh points themselves are determined in an adaptive way; they are denser in the regions where the function has higher values. Such schemes help in reducing the residual numeric artefacts in NRG calculations in situations where the density of states approaches zero over extended intervals. A reference implementation of the solver for the differential equations which determine the full set of discretization coefficients is also described.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures. Related source code available from http://nrgljubljana.ijs.si/adapt
Additional file 8 of Frailty as a predictor of mortality among patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiao-Ming
name: Jiao, Jing
name: Cao, Jing
name: Huo, Xiao-Peng
name: Zhu, Chen
name: Wu, Xin-Juan
name: Xie, Xiao-Hua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Science Policy

description: Additional file 8: Supplemental Table S2.
Elements of higher homotopy groups undetectable by polyhedral approximation
Creators: name: Aceti, John K.
name: Brazas, Jeremy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55Q07, 55P55, 55Q52, 54C56

description: When non-trivial local structures are present in a topological space $X$, a common approach to characterizing the isomorphism type of the $n$-th homotopy group $π_n(X,x_0)$ is to consider the image of $π_n(X,x_0)$ in the $n$-th Čech homotopy group $\checkπ_n(X,x_0)$ under the canonical homomorphism $Ψ_{n}:π_n(X,x_0)\to \checkπ_n(X,x_0)$. The subgroup $\ker(Ψ_n)$ is the obstruction to this tactic as it consists of precisely those elements of $π_n(X,x_0)$, which cannot be detected by polyhedral approximations to $X$. In this paper, we use higher dimensional analogues of Spanier groups to characterize $\ker(Ψ_n)$. In particular, we prove that if $X$ is paracompact, Hausdorff, and $LC^{n-1}$, then $\ker(Ψ_n)$ is equal to the $n$-th Spanier group of $X$. We also use the perspective of higher Spanier groups to generalize a theorem of Kozlowski-Segal, which gives conditions ensuring that $Ψ_{n}$ is an isomorphism.
description: 21 pages, 2 figures
Macroscopic magnetic guide for cold atoms
Creators: name: Tonyushkin, Alexey
name: Prentiss, Mara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a macroscopic magnetic guide for cold atoms with suppressed longitudinal field curvature which is highly desired for atom interferometry. The guide is based on macroscopic copper tape coils in a copropagating currents geometry, where the atoms are located between the coils few cm away from each surface. The symmetric geometry provides a much lower magnetic field curvature per fixed length that promises longer coherence time for atom interferometers. A double-tape design of each coil allows a smooth translation of guided atoms without addition of an external bias field. The guide is also immune from the current and thermal noise by virtue of the turns averaging and a large working distance, respectively. We present the experimental results of guide application to atom interferometry.
Stability of Biaxial Nematic Phase in Model Bent-Core Systems
Creators: name: Grzybowski, Piotr
name: Longa, Lech
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a class of models for \sbentcore molecules using low density version of Local Density Functional Theory. Arms of the molecules are modeled using two- and three Gay-Berne (GB) interacting units of uniaxial and biaxial symmetry. Dipole-dipole interactions are taken into account by placing a dipole moment along the ${\mathcal{C}}_2$symmetry axis of the molecule. The main aim of the study is to identify molecular factors that can help stabilizing the biaxial nematic phase. The phase diagrams involving isotropic ($I$), uniaxial ($N_U$) and biaxial ($N_B$) nematic phases are determined at given density and dipole strength as function of bent angle. For molecules composed of two uniaxial arms a direct $I-N_B$ phase transition is found at a single Landau point, which moves towards lower bent angles with increasing dipole magnitude. For the three-segment model strengthening of the dipole-dipole interaction results in appearance of a line of Landau points. There exists an optimal dipole strength for which this line covers the maximal range of opening angles. Interestingly, the inclusion of biaxial GB ellipsoids as building blocks reveals the direct $I-N_B$ transitions line even in a non-polar, two-arms model. The line is shifted towards higher opening angles as compared to the uniaxial case.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, Presented at the International Symposium on Biaxial Nematic Liquid Crystals, October, 2008 (Kent State University, Ohio, USA)
title: Transitions During University Life: Academic Persistence for Married and Single Students
Creators: name: Krambule, Sandra A.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2000

description: This study was designed to look at the many factors that influence the transition to college life and academic persistence within the family life cycle framework using the ABCD-XYZ model of resource management. The sample included 348 students with declared minors within the College of Family Life. The dependent measure was student persistence in college. Independent variables included academic and institutional factors, gender and marital factors, family academic traditions, student motivation and commitment, self-esteem, stress factors, and social support. The results of this study indicate that the persistence variables chosen were better able to predict those who remain in school rather than those who drop out. The strongest predictor for students remaining in school in this study was students' USU grade point average. Students with higher GPAs were more likely to remain in school. The other predictor was the students' satisfaction with USU studies and professors, indicating that students leaving school in this sample did so for reasons other than for academic dissatisfaction. Correlations among predictor variables lend support to the theoretical base used in this research, indicating a systemic approach to understanding persistence in college and the many transitions encountered would be useful.
Near-Infrared Imaging Polarimetry of S106 Cluster-Forming Region with SIRPOL
Creators: name: Saito, Hiro
name: Tamura, Motohide
name: Kandori, Ryo
name: Kusakabe, Nobuhiko
name: Hashimoto, Jun
name: Nakajima, Yasushi
name: Sato, Yaeko
name: Nagata, Tetsuya
name: Nagayama, Takahiro
name: Kato, Daisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of wide-field JHKs polarimetry toward the HII region S106 using the IRSF (Infrared Survey Facility) telescope. Our polarimetry data revealed an extended (up to ~ 5') polarized nebula over S106. We confirmed the position of the illuminating source of most of the nebula as consistent with S106 IRS4 through an analysis of polarization vectors. The bright portion of the polarized intensity is consistent with the red wing component of the molecular gas. Diffuse polarized intensity emission is distributed along the north--south molecular gas lanes. We found the interaction region between the radiation from S106 IRS4 and the dense gas. In addition, we also discovered two small polarization nebulae, SIRN1 and SIRN2, associated with a young stellar objects (YSO). Aperture polarimetry of point-like sources in this region was carried out for the first time. The regional magnetic field structures were derived using point-like source aperture polarimetry, and the magnetic field structure position angle around the cluster region in S106 was found to be ~ 120$\arcdeg$. The magnetic fields in the cluster region, however, have three type position angles: ~ 20$\arcdeg$, ~ 80$\arcdeg$, and ~ 120$\arcdeg$. The present magnetic field structures are consistent with results obtained by submillimeter continuum observations. We found that the magnetic field direction in the dense gas region is not consistent with that of the low density gas region.
description: 22 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in AJ
title: Predicting Marital Discord and Depression in Early Head Start Mothers: A Step Toward Marriage and Family Therapy Collaboration
Creators: name: Taylor, Wade
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2001

description: The American Association of Marriage and Family Therapy (AAMFT) recently sponsored Head Start-Marriage and Family Therapy (MFT) program partnerships. MFT programs can begin building similarly successful collaborative partnerships with Early Head Start (EHS) programs through using all or portions of this research study. This study has been dedicated to describing the occurrence, co-occurrence, and predictive characteristics of marital discord and depression in families served by EHS programs. This identification of at-risk families can then be used to bolster existing treatment efforts, develop new maritally based interventions, and facilitate increased referrals.
Marital discord and depression are two often interrelated problems EHS mothers are at increased risk to face because they have low incomes and very young children (up to age three). Previous research has demonstrated the negative effects of marital discord and maternal depression on child, adult, and family development. Research with various married samples has further identified variables predictive of marital discord and depression. It was the aim of this study to reexamine these predictors and test couple measures to find the most effective identifying variables.
Cross-sectional and prospective longitudinal research analyses were conducted from surveys with 148 EHS married mothers and their spouses to answer specific research questions. In general, results revealed that EHS married mothers were (a) slightly less depressed and maritally discordant than what might be expected of lower income parents, (b) more prone to experiencing these problems the more children they had, and (c) more accurately identified by considering couple data, which included similarity in earlier marital discord, earlier depression, religious activity, attachment attitudes or demographic variables. The limitations of this study included weaknesses in measurement and analytic procedures largely resulting from the use of data originally organized at a national level with Jess complementary purposes in mind. In the future research should address the limitations and incorporate the findings of this study into development and testing of theoretically driven marital interventions in EHS samples. Systemic implications and managing ethical concerns of using the proposed marital interventions in EHS- MFT collaborative effort are also discussed.
T35: a small automatic telescope for long-term observing campaigns
Creators: name: Martin-Ruiz, Susana
name: Aceituno, Francisco J.
name: Abril, Miguel
name: Costillo, Luis P.
name: Garcia, Antonio
name: de la Rosa, Jose Luis
name: Bustamante, Isabel
name: Gutierrez-Soto, Juan
name: Magan, Hector
name: Ramos, Jose Luis
name: Ubierna, Marcos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The T35 is a small telescope (14") equipped with a large format CCD camera installed in the Sierra Nevada Observatory (SNO) in Southern Spain. This telescope will be a useful tool for the detecting and studying pulsating stars, particularly, in open clusters. In this paper, we describe the automation process of the T35 and show also some images taken with the new instrumentation.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in the special issue "Robotic Astronomy" of Advances of Astronomy
Inclusiveness in Open Science Communities
Creators: name: Sharan, Malvika
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: community, open science

description: Science in the 21st century is becoming increasingly collaborative and open in nature. Consequently, the advancement of a research field should be measured not only by scientific output but also by the level of participation of its community members. Hence, a successful community should be able to promote equal participation from its community members independent of the factors such as geographic location, gender, ethnicity, and social background. In my talk, I will explore inclusiveness as one of the key features of the open source community and share some of the lessons learned while adopting them in my work as a community manager.
description: Keynote at OpenCon 2018, Satellite event at Basel, Switzerland
title: The Influence of Temperature Gradients on Soil Moisture Flow
Creators: name: Gavazza, Luigi
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1953

description: The isothermal movement of liquid water in saturated soil has been intensively studied, and a sound theoretical basis has been intensively studied, and a sound theoretical basis has been developed. Considerably less is known about the flow of water in unsaturated soils, but a general theory based on Darcy’s law of flow is beginning to develop. A good theoretical basis exists for the vapor diffusion under isothermal conditions. Inconsistent data and theories are found in the literature concerning the movement of water in both the vapor and liquid phases, under the influence of thermal fields.
Additional file 1 of Efficacy of azithromycin in treating Ureaplasma urealyticum: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Fan, Weibin
name: Wang, Qisheng
name: Liang, Zuyu
name: Wang, Jinyu
name: Zhang, Lin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Hints of the existence of Axion-Like-Particles from the gamma-ray spectra of cosmological sources
Creators: name: Sanchez-Conde, M. A.
name: Paneque, D.
name: Bloom, E.
name: Prada, F.
name: Dominguez, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Axion Like Particles (ALPs) are predicted to couple with photons in the presence of magnetic fields. This effect may lead to a significant change in the observed spectra of gamma-ray sources such as AGNs. Here we carry out a detailed study that for the first time simultaneously considers in the same framework both the photon/axion mixing that takes place in the gamma-ray source and that one expected to occur in the intergalactic magnetic fields. An efficient photon/axion mixing in the source always means an attenuation in the photon flux, whereas the mixing in the intergalactic medium may result in a decrement and/or enhancement of the photon flux, depending on the distance of the source and the energy considered. Interestingly, we find that decreasing the value of the intergalactic magnetic field strength, which decreases the probability for photon/axion mixing, could result in an increase of the expected photon flux at Earth if the source is far enough. We also find a 30% attenuation in the intensity spectrum of distant sources, which occurs at an energy that only depends on the properties of the ALPs and the intensity of the intergalactic magnetic field, and thus independent of the AGN source being observed. Moreover, we show that this mechanism can easily explain recent puzzles in the spectra of distant gamma-ray sources... [ABRIDGED] The consequences that come from this work are testable with the current generation of gamma-ray instruments, namely Fermi (formerly known as GLAST) and imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes like CANGAROO, HESS, MAGIC and VERITAS.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures. Replaced to match the published version in Phys. Rev. D. Minor changes with respect to v1
Parallel states, parallel economies: legitimacy and prosperity in Papua New Guinea
Creators: name: Bainton, Nicholas
name: Cox, John
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT: State, Society and Governance in Melanesia (SSGM), Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University
Year: 2009
Subjects: governance
Papua New Guinea

description: "This discussion paper presents two related discussions on different aspects of contemporary Melanesian economic engagement. We consider the case of U-Vistract, a mass pyramid scheme which not only promises limitless wealth to its investors but even envisages a new global economic system, blessed by God and centred in Bougainville under the leadership of a self-proclaimed king. This is followed by a discussion on a contrasting movement called “Personal Viability” which is based upon self-help philosophies that aim to cultivate an entrepreneurial persona ..." - page 1
Emergent orbital magnetization in Kitaev quantum magnets
Creators: name: Banerjee, Saikat
name: Lin, Shi-Zeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unambiguous identification of the Kitaev quantum spin liquid (QSL) in materials remains a huge challenge despite many encouraging signs from various measurements. To facilitate the experimental detection of the Kitaev QSL, here we propose to use remnant charge response in Mott insulators hosting QSL to identify the key signatures of QSL. We predict an emergent orbital magnetization in a Kitaev system in an external magnetic field. The direction of the orbital magnetization can be flipped by rotating the external magnetic field in the honeycomb plane. The orbital magnetization is demonstrated explicitly through a detailed microscopic analysis of the multiorbital Hubbard-Kanamori Hamiltonian and also supported by a phenomenological picture. We first derive the localized electrical loop current operator in terms of the spin degrees of freedom. Thereafter, utilizing the Majorana representation, we estimate the loop currents in the ground state of the chiral Kitaev QSL state, and obtain the consequent current textures, which are responsible for the emergent orbital magnetization. Finally, we discuss the possible experimental techniques to visualize the orbital magnetization which can be considered as the signatures of the underlying excitations.
description: Updated version
Net carbon dioxide exchange rates in Pisum sativum L as influenced by phosphorus and nitrogen nutrition
Creators: name: Roelants Van Baronaigien, Hendrik Willem Marius
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Two varieties of Pisum sativum, L, Jade and Olympic, were grown for a period of four weeks from seeding, under constant light intensity and diurnally fluctuating temperatures, while being subjected to varying-artificially induced-degrees of nutrient stress. Net carbon dioxide exchange rates were measured in order to determine the influence of excess or deficient nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations within the nutrient medium. Carbon dioxide assimilation rates, under various degrees of nutrient stress were highly variable, both within the same variety and between varieties tested. Microchemical determinations of chlorophylls a and b, and of inorganic phosphate, nitrate and nitrite were carried out in order to determine the relationship of some physiological aspects of mineral deficiency to carbon dioxide assimilation. Investigations as to changes in stomatal index (I) as a result of nutrient stress also showed a large amount of variation. Results obtained indicated that variety Jade was very sensitive to nitrogen deficiency within the rooting medium, as evidenced by a large increase in stomatal index values with nitrogen deficiency. Olympic showed a greater sensitivity to phosphorus deficiency than did Jade. Neither total chlorophyll content, nor chlorophyll a/b ratio appeared to exert any deciding influence upon net carbon dioxide assimilation. A relationship appeared to exist between CO₂ assimilation and quantities of nitrate and/or nitrite present within the photosynthetic tissues of plants tested. This experiment was unable to fully explain the reason(s) for the great degree of variability of net CO₂ exchange rates extant even between plant specimens growing in the same nutrient medium. Some technical improvements applicable to the present experiments as well as some alternative experimental procedures are discussed.
title: Electrification of Utah 1880 to 1915
Creators: name: Dastrup, Boyd L.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1976

description: Invented in the 1870's, practical electric lighting systems and the electric power industry immediately began to spread. At first electricity was limited to public and domestic lighting. Soon, it was applied to transportation when streetcars and interurbans were electrified. Later, industry, in particular the mining industry, adopted electricity as a source of power, and the profits and efficiency increased significantly. In Utah electrification began as early as 1880. In that year the state's first electric power company was incorporated in Salt Lake City. Soon, Ogden, Logan, Provo, and other towns began harnessing electricity. Shortly thereafter, electric streetcars began to run in the state's major cities and interurban lines connected towns along the Wasatch Front. Simultaneously, electricity was introduced into the mines, and greatly improved their productivity.
Resolving B-CP Puzzles in QCD Factorization
Creators: name: Cheng, Hai-Yang
name: Chua, Chun-Khiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the framework of QCD factorization (QCDF), power corrections due to penguin annihilation can account for the observed rates of penguin-dominated two-body decays of $B$ mesons and direct CP asymmetries $A_{CP}(K^-π^+)$, $A_{CP}(K^{*-}π^+)$, $A_{CP}(K^-ρ^0)$ and $A_{CP}(π^+π^-)$. However, the predicted direct CP-violating effects in QCDF for $B^-\to K^-π^0,K^-η,π^-η$ and $\bar B^0\toπ^0π^0$ are wrong in signs when confronted with experiment. We show that subleading $1/m_b$ power corrections to the color-suppressed tree amplitude due to spectator scattering or final-state interactions will yield correct signs for aforementioned CP asymmetries and accommodate the observed $π^0π^0$ and $ρ^0π^0$ rates simultaneously. Implications are discussed.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure. Experimental data and references updated, to appear in PRD