cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
BOSHLANG'ICH SINF O'QUVCHILARINING O'QUV FAOLLIKLARINI O'YIN TEXNOLOGIYALARINING TASNIFI, FUNKTSIYALARI VA TURLARI
Creators: name: Bekmetova, Gulnoza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Mazkur tezisda boshlang’ich sinf o’quvchilarning o’quv faolliklarini rivojlantirish bo’yicha fikr-mulohazalar yuritiladi. Shuningdek, o’yin texnologiyalarining tasnifi, funktsiyalari va turlari haqida munozaralar bayon qilinadi.
The role of hydrostatic stress in determining the bandgap of InN epilayers
Creators: name: Kadir, Abdul
name: Ganguli, Tapas
name: Kumar, Ravi
name: Gokhale, M. R.
name: Shah, A. P.
name: Ghosh, Sandip
name: Arora, B. M.
name: Bhattacharya, Arnab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We establish a correlation between the internal stress in InN epilayers and their optical properties such as the measured absorption band edge and photoluminescence emission wavelength. By a careful evaluation of the lattice constants of InN epilayers grown on c-plane sapphire substrates under various conditions by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy we find that the films are under primarily hydrostatic stress. This results in a shift in the band edge to higher energy. The effect is significant, and may be responsible for some of the variations in InN bandgap reported in the literature.
description: Submitted to Appl. Phys. Lett
title: DeepGreen: Open-Access-Transformation in der Informationsinfrastruktur – Anforderungen und Empfehlungen, Version 1.0
Creators: name: Bertelmann, Roland
name: Boltze, Julia
name: Ceynowa, Klaus
name: Christof, Jürgen
name: Faensen, Katja
name: Groß, Matthias
name: Hoffmann, Cornelia
name: Koch, Thorsten
name: Kuberek, Monika
name: Lohrum, Stefan
name: Pampel, Heinz
name: Putnings, Markus
name: Retter, Regina
name: Rusch, Beate
name: Schäffler, Hildegard
name: Söllner, Konstanze
name: Steffen, Ronald
name: Wannick, Eike
Year: 2021

description: DeepGreen ist ein Service, der es teilnehmenden institutionellen Open-Access-Repositorien,Open-Access-Fachrepositorien und Forschungsinformationssystemen erleichtert, für sie relevante Verlagspublikationen in zyklischer Abfolge mithilfe von Schnittstellen Open Access zur Verfügung zu stellen. Die entsprechende Bandbreite an Relationen zwischen den Akteuren, diverse lizenzrechtliche Rahmenbedingungen sowie technische Anforderungen gestalten das Thema komplex. Ziel dieser Handreichung ist es, neben all diesen Themen, die begleitend beleuchtet werden, im Besonderen Empfehlungen für die reibungslose Nutzung der Datenübertragung zu liefern. Außerdem werden mithilfe einer vorangestellten Workflow- Evaluierung Unterschiede und Besonderheiten in den Arbeitsschritten bei institutionellen Open-Access-Repositorien und Open-Access-Fachrepositorien aufgezeigt und ebenfalls mit Empfehlungen angereichert.
description: ZIB-Report; 21-03
Hund's metal crossover and superconductivity in the 111 family of iron-based superconductors
Creators: name: Arribi, Pablo Villar
name: Medici, Luca de'
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study LiFeP, LiFeAs and NaFeAs in their paramagnetic metallic phase including dynamical electronic correlations within a density functional theory + slave-spin mean-field framework. The three compounds are found to lie next to the crossover between a normal and a Hund's metal, where a region of enhanced electronic compressibility that may boost superconductivity is systematically present in this type of systems. We find that LiFeP lies in the normal metallic regime, LiFeAs at the crossover, and NaFeAs is in the Hund's metal regime, which possibly explains the different experimental trends for the pressure- and doping-dependence of superconductivity in these compounds. Our picture captures the orbitally-resolved mass renormalizations measured in these materials, while an analysis of the Sommerfeld specific-heat coefficient highlights some limitations of currently used implementations of density-functional theory for the correct prediction of the details of band structures in the iron-based superconductors.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
X-ray Diffraction and Equation of State of the C-S-H Room-Temperature Superconductor
Creators: name: Lamichhane, Anmol
name: Kumar, Ravhi
name: Ahart, Muhtar
name: Salke, Nilesh P.
name: Dasenbrock-Gammon, Nathan
name: Snider, Elliot
name: Meng, Yue
name: Lavina, Barbara
name: Chariton, Stella
name: Prakapenka, Vitali B.
name: Somayazulu, Maddury
name: Dias, Ranga P.
name: Hemley, Russell J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-ray diffraction indicates that the structure of the recently discovered room temperature carbonaceous sulfur hydride (C-S-H) superconductor is derived from previously established van der Waals compounds found in the H$_2$S-H$_2$ and CH$_4$-H$_2$ systems. Crystals of the superconducting phase were produced by a photochemical synthesis technique leading to the superconducting critical temperature $T_c$ of 288 K at 267 GPa. Single-crystal x-ray diffraction patterns measured from 124 to 178 GPa, within the pressure range of the superconducting phase, give an orthorhombic structure derived from the Al$_2$Cu-type determined for (H$_2$S)$_2$H$_2$ and (CH$_4$)$_2$H$_2$ that differs from those predicted and observed for the S-H system to these pressures. The formation and stability of the C-S-H compound can be understood in terms of the close similarity in effective volumes of the H$_2$S and CH$_4$ components over a broad range of pressures. The relative amounts of carbon and sulfur in the structure is not determined, and denser carbon-bearing S-H structures may form at higher pressures. The results are consistent with hole-doping enhancement of $T_c$ by carbon proposed for the room-temperature superconductivity in this system.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Recommendations for the Standardisation of OpenTaxonomic Nomenclature for Image-Based Identifications.
Creators: name: Horton, Tammy
name: Marsh, Leigh
name: Bett, Brian J.
name: Gates, Andrew R.
name: Jones, Daniel O. B.
name: Benoist, Noëlie M. A.
name: Pfeifer, Simone
name: Simon-Lledó, Erik
name: Durden, Jennifer M.
name: Vandepitte, Leen
name: Appeltans, Ward
Publisher: name: UNESCO/IOC
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image-based analysis
subject: Taxonomy
subject: Identification
subject: Taxonomic nomenclature
subject: Standardisation
subject: Biodiversity data
subject: Biodiversity informatics
subject: Taxonomic databases
subject: Parameter Discipline::Biological oceanography::Biota abundance, biomass and diversity
subject: Data Management Practices::Metadata management

description: This paper recommends best practice for the use of open nomenclature (ON) signs applicable to image-based faunal analyses. It is one of numerous initiatives to improve biodiversity data input to improve the reliability of biological datasets and their utility in informing policy and management. Image-based faunal analyses are increasingly common but have limitations in the level of taxonomic precision that can be achieved, which varies among groups and imaging methods. This is particularly critical for deep-sea studies owing to the difficulties in reaching confident species-level identifications of unknown taxa. ON signs indicate a standard level of identification and improve clarity, precision and comparability of biodiversity data. Here we provide examples of recommended usage of these terms for input to online databases and preparation of morphospecies catalogues. Because the processes of identification differ when working with physical specimens and with images of the taxa, we build upon previously provided recommendations for specific use with image-based identifications.
Low loss, low dispersion and highly birefringent terahertz porous fibers
Creators: name: Atakaramians, Shaghik
name: V., Shahraam Afshar
name: Fischer, Bernd M.
name: Abbott, Derek
name: Monro, Tanya M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that porous fibers have low effective material loss over an extended frequency range, 4.5 times larger bandwidth than that can be achieved in sub-wavelength solid core fibers. We also show that these new fibers can be designed to have near zero dispersion for 0.5-1 THz resulting to overall less terahertz signal degradation. In addition, it is demonstrated that the use of asymmetrical sub-wavelength air-holes within the core leads to high birefringence ~0.026. This opens up the potential for realization of novel polarization preserving fibers in the terahertz regime.
description: The following article has been submitted to Applied Physics Letters. If it is published,it will be found online at http://apl.aip.org
The civil aviation cartel : a study in the politics of international collaboration
Creators: name: Busza, Eva
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The thesis examines the formation and development of post-World War II international collaboration in the economic regulation of the commercial aspects (i.e., market entry; market shares and prices) of civil aviation. Specifically, it studies the formation and operation of one type of international regime: a cartel. The thesis seeks to answer two questions: why do states cooperate to support an international cartel? And why do states cease to support a cartel? The study proposes three reasons why states will support a cartel: (1) to promote consumer welfare and the growth of the industry; (2) to ensure the development and protection of their national carriers; and (3) in response to hegemonic activity. It then considers why states cease to participate in the cartel arrangements. This occurs: if states no longer believe that the cartel is promoting consumer welfare and industrial growth; if they conclude that their industry no longer benefits from cartel protection; or if the hegemon is unable or unwilling, or both, to support the regime. All three give valuable insights. Nevertheless, the author proposes that it is possible to establish a hierarchy of usefulness according to the depth and scope of understanding offered by each explanation. It is argued that hegemonic stability theory provides the most useful insights.
Axios/Ipsos Coronavirus Index Wave 1
Creators: name: Axios
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2020

description: Changes in health in last week (7); activities in last week (8); changes in work and household over last few weeks (4); personal work or shopping experiences in past few weeks (6); purchases in last week (6); concern about coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak (1); trust in groups to provide accurate information about coronavirus (11); know what to do if you feel ill and think you might have coronavirus (1); coronavirus testing (2).
Blueprint for Success: Developing a Library Research Support Strategy
Creators: name: Sewell, Claire
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: library
scholarly communication
research support
librarianship
strategy

description: Presentation given at the CPD25 event: The Role of the Library in Supporting Research. Looking at how to build a research support strategy for your library service with a case study of Cambridge University Libraries.
Search for the Rare Decays B^+ -> mu^+ mu^- K^+, B^0 -> mu^+ mu^- K^*0(892), and B^0_s -> mu^+ mu^- phi at CDF
Creators: name: CDF Collaboration
name: Aaltonen, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We search for b to sμ^+μ^- transitions in B meson (B^+, B^0, or B^0_s) decays with 924pb^{-1} of p pbar collisions at sqrt(s)=1.96 TeV collected with the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. We find excesses with significances of 4.5, 2.9, and 2.4 standard deviations in the B^+ to μ^+μ^-K^+, B^0 to μ^+μ^-K^*(892)^0, and B_s^0 to μ^+μ^-ϕdecay modes, respectively. Using B to J/psi h (h = K^+, K^*(892)^0, phi) decays as normalization channels, we report branching fractions for the previously observed B^+ and B^0 decays, BR(B^+ to μ^+μ^-K^+)=(0.59\pm0.15\pm0.04) x 10^{-6}, and BR(B^0 to μ^+μ^-K^*(892)^0)=(0.81\pm0.30\pm0.10) x 10^{-6}, where the first uncertainty is statistical, and the second is systematic. These measurements are consistent with the world average results, and are competitive with the best available measurements. We set an upper limit on the relative branching fraction BR(B_s^0 to μ^+μ^-ϕ)/BR(B_s^0 to J/ψϕ) <2.6(2.3)\times10^{-3} at the 95(90)% confidence level, which is the most stringent to date.
description: Submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Die Auswirkungen der COVID-19-Pandemie und assoziierter Public-Health-Maßnahmen auf andere meldepflichtige Infektionskrankheiten in Deutschland (MW 1/2016 – 32/2020)
Creators: name: Schranz, Madlen
name: Ullrich, Alexander
name: Rexroth, Ute
name: Hamouda, Osamah
name: Schaade, Lars
name: Diercke, Michaela
name: Boender, Sonia
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Public-Health-Maßnahmen
subject: COVID-19
subject: meldepflichtige Infektionskrankheiten
subject: Surveillance
subject: Meldedaten
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Die COVID-19-Pandemie und die damit verbundenen Public-Health-Maßnahmen wirken sich auf das Auftreten und die Erfassung von anderen meldepflichtigen Infektionskrankheiten aus. Neben Veränderungen der Inanspruchnahme von bzw. dem Zugang zu gesundheitlichen Versorgungsleistungen können die getroffenen Maßnahmen bzw. nicht-pharmazeutische Interventionen wie Kontaktbeschränkungen, Abstands- und Hygiene-Regeln, aber auch Schul- und Kita-Schließungen zu einer echten Veränderung der Übertragungsdynamik anderer Infektionskrankheiten führen. Wie das Epidemiologische Bulletin 7/2021 ausführt, kam es während der COVID-19-Pamdemie bisher bei den meisten Infektionskrankheiten in Deutschland zu einem drastischen Rückgang der übermittelten Fälle, vor allem in den jüngeren und älteren Altersgruppen. Von den ausgewählten Infektionskrankheiten konnte nur für FSME ein Anstieg der Fälle beobachtet werden.
Environment-induced two-mode entanglement in quantum Brownian motion
Creators: name: Hoerhammer, C.
name: Buettner, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The time evolution of quantum correlations of entangled two-mode continuous variable states is examined in single-reservoir as well as two-reservoir models, representing noisy correlated or uncorrelated non-Markovian quantum channels. For this purpose the model of quantum Brownian motion is extended. Various separability criteria for Gaussian continuous variable systems are applied. In both types of reservoir models moderate non-Markovian effects prolong the separability time scales. However, in these models the properties of the stationary state may differ. In the two-reservoir model the initial entanglement is completely lost and both modes are finally uncorrelated. In a common reservoir both modes interact indirectly via the coupling to the same bath variables. Below a critical bath temperature entanglement between the two modes is preserved even in the steady state. A separability criterion is derived, which depends on the bath temperature and the response function of the open quantum system. Thus, the extended quantum Brownian motion model of a two-mode continuous variable system in a common reservoir provides an example of environment-induced entanglement.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Exact gravitational lensing by cosmic strings with junctions
Creators: name: Suyama, Teruaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out that the results by Brandenberger et al. in Phys.Rev.D77:083502(2008) that the geometry around the straight cosmic strings with stationary junctions is flat to linear order in the string tension can be immediately extended to any order.
description: 5 pages, accepted for publication in PRD
Nonlinear hysteretic behavior of a confined sliding layer
Creators: name: Manini, N.
name: Santoro, G. E.
name: Tosatti, E.
name: Vanossi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A nonlinear model representing the tribological problem of a thin solid lubricant layer between two sliding periodic surfaces is used to analyze the phenomenon of hysteresis at pinning/depinning around a moving state rather than around a statically pinned state. The cycling of an external driving force F_ext is used as a simple means to destroy and then to recover the dynamically pinned state previously discovered for the lubricant center-of-mass velocity. De-pinning to a quasi-freely sliding state occurs either directly, with a single jump, or through a sequence of discontinuous transitions. The intermediate sliding steps are reminiscent of phase-locked states and stick-slip motion in static friction, and can be interpreted in terms of the appearance of travelling density defects in an otherwise regular arrangement of kinks. Re-pinning occurs more smoothly, through the successive disappearance of different travelling defects. The resulting bistability and multistability regions may also be explored by varying mechanical parameters other than F_ext, e.g. the sliding velocity or the corrugation amplitude of the sliders.
description: 14 pages 10 figures
Toward a quantum repeater protocol based on the coherent state approach
Creators: name: Ghasemi, M
name: Tavassoly, MK
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of this paper is to swap the entanglement between two separate long distant locations. The well-known entangled coherent states as two-mode continuous-variable states are very interesting in quantum teleportation and entanglement swapping processes. To make our investigation more realistic, by using such entangled states as the building block of our quantum repeater protocol, the effect of decoherence on the swapped entanglement is also considered. We explicitly establish our model for four locations, moreover, we find that our model can be extended to 2N locations, where N = 3; 4; ... . Consequently, we could introduce this model as a quantum repeater which is helpful for entanglement swapping to enough long distances.
A self-sustaining nonlinear dynamo process in Keplerian shear flows
Creators: name: Rincon, F.
name: Ogilvie, G. I.
name: Proctor, M. R. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A three-dimensional nonlinear dynamo process is identified in rotating plane Couette flow in the Keplerian regime. It is analogous to the hydrodynamic self-sustaining process in non-rotating shear flows and relies on the magneto-rotational instability of a toroidal magnetic field. Steady nonlinear solutions are computed numerically for a wide range of magnetic Reynolds numbers but are restricted to low Reynolds numbers. This process may be important to explain the sustenance of coherent fields and turbulent motions in Keplerian accretion disks, where all its basic ingredients are present.
description: 4 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
External gas accretion provides a fresh gas supply to the active S0 galaxy NGC 5077
Creators: name: Raimundo, Sandra I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In early type galaxies, externally accreted gas is thought to be the main source of gas replenishment at late times. We use MUSE integral field spectroscopy data to study the active S0 galaxy NGC 5077, known to have disturbed dynamics, indicative of a past external interaction. We confirm the presence of a stellar kinematically distinct core with a diameter of 2.8 kpc, counter-rotating with respect to the main stellar body of the galaxy. We find that the counter-rotating core consists of an old stellar population, not significantly different from the rest of the galaxy. The ionised gas is strongly warped and extends out to 6.5 kpc in the polar direction and in a filamentary structure. The gas dynamics is complex, with significant changes in the position angle as a function of radius. The ionised gas line ratios are consistent with LINER excitation by the AGN both in the nucleus and at kiloparsec scales. We discover a nuclear outflow with projected velocity V ~ 400 km/s, consistent with a hollow outflow cone intersecting the plan of the sky. The properties of the misaligned gas match predictions from numerical simulations of misaligned gas infall after a gas-rich merger. The warp and change in the gas orientation as a function of radius are consistent with gas relaxation due to stellar torques, that are stronger at small radii where the gas aligns faster than in the outer regions, driving gas to the nucleus. The stellar and gas dynamics indicate that NGC 5077 has had at least two external interactions, one that resulted in the formation of the counter-rotating core followed by late time external gas accretion. NGC 5077 illustrates the importance of external interactions in the replenishment of the galaxy gas reservoir and the nuclear gas content available for black hole fuelling.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Loss of Spin Entanglement For Accelerated Electrons in Electric and Magnetic Fields
Creators: name: Doukas, Jason
name: Hollenberg, Lloyd C. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using an open quantum system we calculate the time dependence of the concurrence between two maximally entangled electron spins with one accelerated uniformly in the presence of a constant magnetic field and the other at rest and isolated from fields. We find at high Rindler temperature the proper time for the entanglement to be extinguished is proportional to the inverse of the acceleration cubed.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, appendix and other discussion added, fixed some typographical errors and some references were corrected
อิทธิพลของปัจจัยภูมิหลัง การมุ่งประกอบการและเครือข่ายทางสังคม ต่อความสำเร็จทางธุรกิจของผู้ประกอบการจังหวัดราชบุรี
Creators: name: ขวัญปภัสสร จานทอง
Publisher: name: สมาคมนักวิจัย
Year: 2557
Subjects: การมุ่งประกอบการ,เครือข่ายทางสังคม,ความสำเร็จทางธุรกิจ

description: 1, 19, วารสารสมาคมนักวิจัย
Topological symmetry breaking of self--interacting fractional Klein--Gordon field on toroidal spacetime
Creators: name: Lim, S. C.
name: Teo, L. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quartic self--interacting fractional Klein--Gordon scalar massive and massless field theories on toroidal spacetime are studied. The effective potential and topologically generated mass are determined using zeta function regularization technique. Renormalization of these quantities are derived. Conditions for symmetry breaking are obtained analytically. Simulations are carried out to illustrate regions or values of compactified dimensions where symmetry breaking mechanisms appear.
description: 32 pages
Multi-objective Distributed Optimization for Zonal Distribution System with Multi-Microgrids
Creators: name: Xu, Tao
name: Liang, Lemeng
name: Liu, Zuozheng
name: Wang, Rujing
name: Guo, Lingxu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The issue of voltage variations caused by integration of renewables has been addressed in this paper through distributed management of Microgrids (MGs). The distribution network (DN) takes the network losses and voltage quality as objectives, an alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) with adaptive penalty modulation has been proposed to realize distributed optimization with improved convergence. On the basis of satisfying the optimization target on the system level, the individual MG manages the controllable resources inside the MG to minimize the operating cost on the lower level. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method has been demonstrated on a modified IEEE 33-bus system.
Random-phase reservoir and a quantum resistor: The Lloyd model
Creators: name: Roy, Dibyendu
name: Kumar, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce phase disorder in a 1D quantum resistor through the formal device of `fake channels' distributed uniformly over its length such that the out-coupled wave amplitude is re-injected back into the system, but with a phase which is random. The associated scattering problem is treated via invariant imbedding in the continuum limit, and the resulting transport equation is found to correspond exactly to the Lloyd model. The latter has been a subject of much interest in recent years. This conversion of the random phase into the random Cauchy potential is a notable feature of our work. It is further argued that our phase-randomizing reservoir, as distinct from the well known phase-breaking reservoirs, induces no decoherence, but essentially destroys all interference effects other than the coherent back scattering.
description: 4 pages,5 figures
Massive galaxies with very young AGN
Creators: name: de Vries, N.
name: Snellen, I. A. G.
name: Schilizzi, R. T.
name: Lehnert, M. D.
name: Bremer, M. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gigahertz Peaked Spectrum (GPS) radio galaxies are generally thought to be the young counterparts of classical extended radio sources and live in massive ellipticals. GPS sources are vital for studying the early evolution of radio-loud AGN, the trigger of their nuclear activity, and the importance of feedback in galaxy evolution. We study the Parkes half-Jansky sample of GPS radio galaxies of which now all host galaxies have been identified and 80% has their redshifts determined (0.122 < z < 1.539). Analysis of the absolute magnitudes of the GPS host galaxies show that at z > 1 they are on average a magnitude fainter than classical 3C radio galaxies. This suggests that the AGN in young radio galaxies have not yet much influenced the overall properties of the host galaxy. However their restframe UV luminosities indicate that there is a low level of excess as compared to passive evolution models.
description: To appear in the proceedings of "Formation and Evolution of Galaxy Bulges", IAUS 245; M. Bureau, E. Athanassoula & B. Barbuy, eds
Model for the unidirectional motion of a dynein molecule
Creators: name: Mukherji, Sutapa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cytoplasmic dyneins transport cellular organelles by moving on a microtubule filament. It has been found recently that depending on the applied force and the concentration of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules, dynein's step size varies. Based on these studies, we propose a simple model for dynein's unidirectional motion taking into account the variations in its step size. We study how the average velocity and the relative dispersion in the displacement vary with the applied load. The model is amenable to further extensions by inclusion of details associated with the structure and the processivity of the molecule.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Anomalous training effect of perpendicular exchange bias in Pt/Co/Pt/IrMn multilayers
Creators: name: Shi, Z.
name: Zhou, S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new characteristic is observed in the training effect of perpendicular exchange bias. For Pt/Co/Pt/IrMn multilayers with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, the magnetization reversal process is accompanied by pinned domain wall motion and the asymmetry of hysteresis loop is always equal to zero during subsequent measurements. It is interesting to find that the exchange field decreases greatly as a function of the cycling number while the coercivity almost does not change. It is clearly demonstrated that the training effect of perpendicular exchange bias strongly depends on the magnetization reversal mechanism of the ferromagnetic layer.
description: 3 pages, 4 figures
Direct identification of Mott Hubbard band pattern beyond charge density wave superlattice in monolayer 1T-NbSe2
Creators: name: Liu, Liwei
name: Yang, Han
name: Huang, Yuting
name: Song, Xuan
name: Zhang, Quanzhen
name: Huang, Zeping
name: Hou, Yanhui
name: Chen, Yaoyao
name: Xu, Ziqiang
name: Zhang, Teng
name: Wu, Xu
name: Sun, Jiatao
name: Huang, Yuan
name: Zheng, Fawei
name: Li, Xianbin
name: Yao, Yugui
name: Gao, Hong-Jun
name: Wang, Yeliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding Mott insulators and charge density waves (CDW) is critical for both fundamental physics and future device applications. However, the relationship between these two phenomena remains unclear, particularly in systems close to two-dimensional (2D) limit. In this study, we utilize scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy to investigate monolayer 1T-NbSe2 to elucidate the energy of the Mott upper Hubbard band (UHB), and reveal that the spin-polarized UHB is spatially distributed away from the dz2 orbital at the center of the CDW unit. Moreover, the UHB shows a root3 x root3 R30° periodicity in addition to the typically observed CDW pattern. Furthermore, a pattern similar to the CDW order is visible deep in the Mott gap, exhibiting CDW without contribution of the Mott Hubbard band. Based on these findings in monolayer 1T-NbSe2, we provide novel insights into the relation between the correlated and collective electronic structures in monolayer 2D systems.
Solitonic and Non-Solitonic Q-Stars
Creators: name: Verbin, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of several types of Q-stars are studied and compared with their flat space analogues, i.e. Q-balls. The analysis is based on calculating the mass, global U(1) charge and binding energy for families of solutions parametrized by the central value of the scalar field. The two most frequently used Q-star models (differing by their potential term) are studied. Although there are general similarities between both Q-star types, there are important differences as well as new features with respect to the non-gravitating systems. We find non-solitonic solutions which do not have a flat space limit, in the weak (scalar) field region as well as in the opposite region of strong central scalar field for which there does not exist Q-ball solutions at all.
description: To appear in the proceedings of 11th Marcel Grossmann Meeting, Berlin, July 2006
Axios/Ipsos Coronavirus Index Wave 4
Creators: name: Axios
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2020

description: Changes in health in last week (7); activities in last week (11); changes in work and household over last few weeks (5); personal work or shopping experiences in past few weeks (7); working hours now compared to February 1st (1); more or less free time (1); relocated as a result of coronavirus (COVID-19) (1); purchases in last week (7); concern about coronavirus outbreak (5); trust in groups to provide accurate information about coronavirus (12); know what to do if you feel ill and think you might have coronavirus (1); coronavirus testing (4); trust to have best interests of you and your family (4); main news source (1); higher than usual pricing (1); registered to vote (1).
Perish even if you Publish? The Problem of ‘Predatory’ Publishers
Creators: name: Sewell, Claire
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2017
Subjects: scholarly communication
library and information science
librarianship

description: 'Dear esteemed author…' So-called predatory publishers regularly approach researchers via email to solicit manuscripts and conference papers. With the emphasis on publishing as a measure of academic success still strong it can be easy to give in to temptation and flattery but this can do more harm than good to a future career. As part of our Librarian Toolkit series on helping researchers publish this session will look at the problem of predatory publishers using case studies. Attendees will be given tips on how to spot a predatory publisher or conference and the best advice to offer if one of their researchers has been approached.
Calculating free energy profiles in biomolecular systems from fast non-equilibrium processes
Creators: name: Forney, Michael
name: Janosi, Lorant
name: Kosztin, Ioan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Often gaining insight into the functioning of biomolecular systems requires to follow their dynamics along a microscopic reaction coordinate (RC) on a macroscopic time scale, which is beyond the reach of current all atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. A practical approach to this inherently multiscale problem is to model the system as a fictitious overdamped Brownian particle that diffuses along the RC in the presence of an effective potential of mean force (PMF) due to the rest of the system. By employing the recently proposed FR method [I. Kosztin et al., J. of Chem. Phys. 124, 064106 (2006)], which requires only a small number of fast nonequilibrium MD simulations of the system in both forward and time reversed directions along the RC, we reconstruct the PMF: (1) of deca-alanine as a function of its end-to-end distance, and (2) that guides the motion of potassium ions through the gramicidin A channel. In both cases the computed PMFs are found to be in good agreement with previous results obtained by different methods. Our approach appears to be about one order of magnitude faster than the other PMF calculation methods and, in addition, it also provides the position dependent diffusion coefficient along the RC. Thus, the obtained PMF and diffusion coefficient can be used in a suitable stochastic model to estimate important characteristics of the studied systems, e.g., the mean folding time of the stretched deca-alanine and the mean diffusion time of the potassium ion through gramicidin A.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, submitted to PRE
Thermal wave imaging of port wine stain
Creators: name: Brickman, Adam Benjamin
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2004
Subjects: Thermal wave imaging
Port wine stain

description: Infrared tomographic microscopy (ITM) is an optical imaging tool capable of capturing high-resolution images of subsurface (<1000μm) blood vessels in human skin. This information may be useful in planning optimal laser dosimetry for the treatment of port wine stain (PWS) on an individual patient basis. Pulsed photothermal tomography is limited by a relatively poor signal to noise ratio when compared to the proposed thermal wave technique. This paper introduces the problem of laser treatment of PWS and describes the system instrumentation and processing algorithm used to acquire thermal wave amplitude and phase images. The data was collected from a series of thermal wave experiments conducted at the Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic using a sub-therapeutic diagnostic laser light dosage. The underlying PWS blood vessels are readily apparent in thermal wave amplitude images. Although phase images may contain information required for tomographic reconstruction, they do not appear to convey as much visual information regarding blood vessel structure as amplitude images. Future work involves development of a thermal wave tomographic reconstruction algorithm to deduce the rate of blood vessel heat generation to determine optimal laser dosimetry parameters for PWS treatment.
Cosmological Constraints from Galaxy Cluster Sparsity, Cluster Gas Mass Fraction and Baryon Acoustic Oscillations Data
Creators: name: Corasaniti, P. S.
name: Sereno, M.
name: Ettori, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years, the availability of large, complete cluster samples has enabled numerous cosmological parameter inference analyses using cluster number counts. These have provided constraints on the cosmic matter density $Ω_m$ and the amplitude of matter density fluctuations $σ_8$ alternative to those obtained from other standard probes. However, systematics uncertainties, such as the mass calibration bias and selection effects, may still significantly affect these data analyses. Hence, it is timely to explore other proxies of galaxy cluster cosmology that can provide cosmological constraints complementary to those obtained from cluster number counts. Here, we use measurements of the cluster sparsity from weak lensing mass estimates of the LC$^2$-{\it single} and HSC-XXL cluster catalogs to infer constraints on a flat $Λ$CDM model. The cluster sparsity has the advantage of being insensitive to selection and mass calibration bias. On the other hand, it primarily constrains a degenerate combination of $Ω_m$ and $σ_8$ (along approximately constant curves of $S_8=σ_8\sqrt{Ω_m/0.3}$), and to less extent the reduced Hubble parameter $h$. Hence, in order to break the internal parameter degeneracies we perform a combined likelihood analysis of cluster sparsities with cluster gas mass fraction measurements and BAO data. We find marginal constraints that are competitive with those from other standard cosmic probes: $Ω_m=0.316\pm 0.013$, $σ_8=0.757\pm 0.067$ (corresponding to $S_8=0.776\pm 0.064$) and $h=0.696\pm 0.017$ at $1σ$. Moreover, assuming a conservative Gaussian prior on the mass bias of gas mass fraction data, we find a lower limit on the gas depletion factor $Y_{b,500c}\gtrsim 0.89$.
description: 20 pages, 15 figures. ApJ in press. The numerical code for the computation of the average halo sparsity is available at https://github.com/pierste75/Halo_Sparsity
An explanation why the Theta+ is seen in some experiments and not in others
Creators: name: Azimov, Ya.
name: Goeke, K.
name: Strakovsky, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To understand the whole set of positive and null data on the Theta+(1530) - production, we suggest the hypothesis that multiquark hadrons are mainly generated from many-quark states, which emerge either as short-term hadron fluctuations, or as hadron remnants in hard processes. This approach allows us to describe both non-observation of the Theta+ in current null experiments and peculiar features of its production in positive experiments. Further, we are able to propose new experiments that might be decisive for the problem of the Theta+ existence. Studies of properties and distributions of the Theta+ in such experiments can give important information on the structure of both conventional and multiquark hadrons. It would provide better insight into how QCD works.
description: The shortened and slightly modified version of arXiv:0704.3045, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
D6.3 - ELViS HELPDESK: a unified helpdesk system to support researchers access the collections and DoD services
Creators: name: Van Dongen, Wim
name: Tilley, Laura
name: Addink, Wouter
name: Casino, Ana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: SYNTHESYS+
Helpdesk
DiSSCo

description: The objective of Deliverable 6.3 (D6.3), due 31st January 2021, was to choose and implement a helpdesk demonstrator ready for testing, to deliver a beta version by July 31 2021. The helpdesk system will provide support by distributed partners to support researchers access the collections and DoD services.
Bioproduction of L-tyrosine and L-tyrosine derivatives by biosensing and modular co-culture engineering approaches
Creators: name: Li, Zhenghong
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2020

description: Producing aromatic compounds, especially by using sustainable and environmentally friendly methods, is of great research and application significances. L-Tyrosine is one of 20 standard amino acids and is a key precursor for biosynthesis of a wide range of valuable biochemicals. This thesis research focuses on constructing a microbial L-tyrosine producer and utilizing it as a versatile platform for bioproduction of value-added L-tyrosine derivatives. For developing a L-tyrosine overproducer, key L-tyrosine biosynthesis pathway enzymes were first over-expressed in E. coli. Subsequently, a biosensor-assisted cell selection system was established which, via utilization of a tyrosine biosensor protein TyrR, maintained the growth of high performing cells in an isogenic population and repressed the growth of the low performing cells. The experimental results showed that this method resulted in a 5.9-fold improvement of L-tyrosine production. On the other hand, overproduction of tyrosine derivatives, including phenol, 4-hydroxystyrene, caffeic acid and rosmarinic acid, were also investigated. Specifically, modular co-culture engineering approaches were utilized for high-efficiency biosynthesis of these products. The biosynthetic pathways for these products were divided into separate modules, each of which was contained in one specialized E. coli strain. By using this approach, phenol, 4-hydroxystyrene, caffeic acid, and rosmarinic acid production was improved for 5.3, 2.5, 1.2, and 38 folds, respectively. Moreover, selected biosensors were used in a growth regulation strategy in co-culture system, which was designed to automatically adjust the cell growth behavior based on the tyrosine availability change. For 4-hydroxystyrene and caffeic acid, the integrated use of biosensors and modular co-culture engineering resulted in 2.7 folds and 2.5 folds production enhancement for 4-hydroxystrene and caffeic acid, respectively, compared with co-culture systems without biosensor, and 6.9 folds and 2.9 folds improvement compared with the monoculture controls. The accomplishments of this thesis study demonstrate that biosensing and modular co-culture engineering are valuable tools for future development of metabolic engineer and microbial biosynthesis.
Gaugino Condensation with a Doubly Suppressed Gravitino Mass
Creators: name: Lowen, Valeri
name: Nilles, Hans Peter
name: Zanzi, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supersymmetry breakdown via gaugino condensation in heterotic string theory can lead to models with a doubly suppressed gravitino mass. A TeV scale gravitino can emerge from a condensate as large as the grand unified scale. We analyze the properties of these models and discuss applications for particle physics and cosmology.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures
Crystal chemistry and ab initio investigations of ultra-hard dense rhombohedral carbon and boron nitride
Creators: name: Matar, Samir F.
name: Solozhenko, Vladimir L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rhombohedral dense forms of carbon, rh-C2 (or hexagonal h-C6), and boron nitride, rh-BN (or hexagonal h-B3N3), are derived from rhombohedral 3R graphite based on original crystal chemistry scheme backed with full cell geometry optimization to minimal energy ground state computations within the quantum density functional theory. Considering throughout hexagonal settings featuring extended lattices, the calculation of the hexagonal set of elastic constants, provide results of large bulk moduli i.e. B0(rh-C2) = 438 GPa close to that of diamond, and B0(rh-BN) = 369 GPa close to that of cubic BN. The hardness assessment in the framework of three contemporary models enables both phases to be considered as ultra-hard. From the electronic band structures calculated in the hexagonal Brillouin zones, 3R graphite is a small-gap semiconductor, oppositely to rh-C2 that is characterized by a large band gap close to 5 eV, as well as the two BN phases.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2104.01076
Quantum Theory of Flicker Noise in Metal Films
Creators: name: Kazakov, Kirill A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Flicker (1/f^gamma) voltage noise spectrum is derived from finite-temperature quantum electromagnetic fluctuations produced by elementary charge carriers in external electric field. It is suggested that deviations of the frequency exponent γfrom unity, observed in thin metal films, can be attributed to quantum backreaction of the conducting medium on the fluctuating field of the charge carrier. This backreaction is described phenomenologically in terms of the effective momentum space dimensionality, D. Using the dimensional continuation technique, it is shown that the combined action of the photon heat bath and external field results in a 1/f^gamma-contribution to the spectral density of the two-point correlation function of electromagnetic field. The frequency exponent is found to be equal to 1 + delta, where delta = 3 - D is a reduction of the momentum space dimensionality. This result is applied to the case of a biased conducting sample, and a general expression for the voltage power spectrum is obtained which possesses all characteristic properties of observed flicker noise spectra. The range of validity of this expression covers well the whole measured frequency band. Gauge independence of the power spectrum is proved. It is shown that the obtained results naturally resolve the problem of divergence of the total noise power. A detailed comparison with the experimental data on flicker noise measurements in metal films is given.
description: 20 pages, 2 tables, 2 figures