cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Bosonic field digitization for quantum computers
Creators: name: Macridin, Alexandru
name: Li, Andy C. Y.
name: Mrenna, Stephen
name: Spentzouris, Panagiotis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum simulation of quantum field theory is a flagship application of quantum computers that promises to deliver capabilities beyond classical computing. The realization of quantum advantage will require methods to accurately predict error scaling as a function of the resolution and parameters of the model that can be implemented efficiently on quantum hardware. In this paper, we address the representation of lattice bosonic fields in a discretized field amplitude basis, develop methods to predict error scaling, and present efficient qubit implementation strategies. A low-energy subspace of the bosonic Hilbert space, defined by a boson occupation cutoff, can be represented with exponentially good accuracy by a low-energy subspace of a finite size Hilbert space. The finite representation construction and the associated errors are directly related to the accuracy of the Nyquist-Shannon sampling and the Finite Fourier transforms of the boson number states in the field and the conjugate-field bases. We analyze the relation between the boson mass, the discretization parameters used for wavefunction sampling and the finite representation size. Numerical simulations of small size $Φ^4$ problems demonstrate that the boson mass optimizing the sampling of the ground state wavefunction is a good approximation to the optimal boson mass yielding the minimum low-energy subspace size. However, we find that accurate sampling of general wavefunctions does not necessarily result in accurate representation. We develop methods for validating and adjusting the discretization parameters to achieve more accurate simulations.
description: 10 figures
title: Mail à Pierre Sonigo, copie à Pierre-Marie Girard, Roland Landman, retransféré à Silvestre Aimot
Creators: name: Leibowitch, Jacques
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Pièce jointe : Jacques Leibowitch, "Traitements retro antiviraux intermittents courts mais suffisant : stratégie de maintenance de type TRAVICS, Essai" .
description: Source: http://www.calames.abes.fr/pub/ms/Calames-20193111133930940
description: created: start=2009-11-26;end=2009-11-27
Contraceptive counselling and uptake of contraception among women with cardiovascular diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Creators: name: Feyissa, Tesfaye Regassa
name: Akter, Shahinoor
name: Harris, Melissa L
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 32
subject: Biomedical and clinical sciences
classificationCode: 3215
subject: Reproductive medicine
classificationCode: 3201
subject: Cardiovascular medicine and haematology

description: To address the lack of clarity regarding contraceptive counselling and uptake of contraception among women with cardiovascular disease (CVD), this study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on contraceptive counselling and the subsequent uptake of contraception among women with CVD. A search across six databases identified 1228 articles, with 11 studies (2580 participants) included. The pooled prevalence of contraceptive counselling was 63%, varying from 36 to 94% in individual studies. Inconsistent delivery and documentation of counselling were noted, along with a lack of knowledge about pregnancy complications and misconceptions regarding CVD severity. For contraceptive uptake (n = 5), the pooled prevalence was 64% (95% confidence interval, 45 to 82%). Women with CVD were also found to use less effective methods as well as methods not recommended for their condition (e.g., combined hormonal methods among participants with absolute or relative contraindications). Improving contraceptive counselling and choices for women with CVD can not only enhance knowledge and decision-making for women with CVD in line with their reproductive goals and preferences but reduce high-risk unintended pregnancies and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Graphical Abstract: (Figure presented.)
Parallel Machine Learning for Forecasting the Dynamics of Complex Networks
Creators: name: Srinivasan, Keshav
name: Coble, Nolan
name: Hamlin, Joy
name: Antonsen, Thomas
name: Ott, Edward
name: Girvan, Michelle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Forecasting the dynamics of large complex networks from previous time-series data is important in a wide range of contexts. Here we present a machine learning scheme for this task using a parallel architecture that mimics the topology of the network of interest. We demonstrate the utility and scalability of our method implemented using reservoir computing on a chaotic network of oscillators. Two levels of prior knowledge are considered: (i) the network links are known; and (ii) the network links are unknown and inferred via a data-driven approach to approximately optimize prediction.
Fluid balance, change in serum creatinine and urine output as markers of acute kidney injury post cardiac surgery: an observational study
Creators: name: Chau, Katrina
name: Schisler, Travis
name: Er, Lee
name: Jaswal, Dharmvir
name: Cheung, Christopher
name: Israel, Amanda
name: Bowering, John
name: Levin, A. (Adeera)
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is defined as oliguria or rise in serum creatinine but oliguria alone as a diagnostic criterion may over-diagnose AKI. Objectives: Given the association between fluid overload and AKI, we aimed to determine if positive fluid balance can complement the known parameters in assessing outcomes of AKI. Design: Prospective observational study. Setting: Teaching hospital in Vancouver, Canada. Patients: 111 consecutive patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery from January to April 2012. Measurements: Outcomes of cardiac surgery intensive care unit (CSICU) and hospital length of stay (LOS) in relation to fluid balance, urine output and serum creatinine. Methods: All fluid input and output was recorded for 72 hours post-operatively. Positive fluid balance was defined as >6.5 cc/kg. Daily serum creatinine and hourly urine output were recorded and patients were defined as having AKI according to the AKIN criteria. Results: Of the patients who were oliguric, those with fluid overload trended towards longer LOS than those without fluid overload [CSICU LOS: 62 and 39 hours (unadjusted p-value 0.02, adjusted p-value 0.58); hospital LOS: 13 and 9 days (unadjusted p-value: 0.05, adjusted p-value: 0.16)]. Patients with oliguria who were fluid overloaded had similar LOS to patients with overt AKI (change in serum creatinine ≥ 26.5 µmol/L), [CSICU LOS: 62 and 69 hours (adjusted p value: 0.32) and hospital LOS: 13 and 14 days (adjusted p value: 0.19)]. Patients with oliguria regardless of fluid balance had longer CSICU LOS (adjusted p value: 0.001) and patients who were fluid overloaded in the absence of AKI had longer hospital LOS (adjusted p value: 0.02). Limitations: Single centre, small sample, LOS as outcome. Conclusions: Oliguria and positive fluid balance is associated with a trend towards longer LOS as compared to oliguria alone. Fluid balance may therefore be a useful marker of AKI, in addition to urine output and serum creatinine.
Convergence rate of stochastic gradient with constant step size
Creators: name: Schmidt, Mark
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: We show that the basic stochastic gradient method applied to a strongly-convex differentiable function with a constant step-size achieves a linear convergence rate (in function value and iterates) up to a constant proportional the step-size (under standard assumptions on the gradient).
A silver(II) route to unconventional superconductivity
Creators: name: Liu, Xiaoqiang
name: Pandey, Shishir K.
name: Feng, Ji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The highly unusual divalent silver in silver difluoride (AgF$_2$) features a nearly square lattice of Ag$^{+2}$ bridged by fluorides. As a structural and electronic analogue of cuprates, its superconducting properties are yet to be examined. Our first principles electronic structure calculations reveal a striking resemblance between AgF$_2$ and the cuprates. Computed spin susceptibility shows a magnetic instability consistent with the experimentally observed antiferromagnetic transition. A linearized Eliashberg theory in fluctuation-exchange approximation shows an unconventional singlet $d$-wave superconducting pairing for bulk AgF$_2$ at an optimal electron doping. The pairing is found to strengthen with a decreasing interlayer coupling, highlighting the importance of quasi-2D nature of the crystal structure. These findings place AgF$_2$ in the category of unconventional high-$T_\text{C}$ superconductors, and its chemical uniqueness may help shed new lights on the high-$T_\text{C}$ phenomena.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Sky's the Limit: Introduction to Drone Photography
Creators: name: Oliveira D., M. Jorge
Publisher: name: EmpowerVerse Media, Information & Communication Agency
Year: 2024
Subjects: drones
photography
composition

description: Drone photography has revolutionised the way we capture images, offering new perspectives and creative opportunities. This article introduces the basics of drone photography, explores its benefits, and provides practical tips for beginners. Whether you're a hobbyist or a professional photographer, mastering drone photography can elevate your skills and broaden your creative horizons.
Daten lizenzieren
Creators: name: Brettschneider, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Forschungsdaten
Forschungsdatenmanagement
Rechtliche Apsekte
Lizenz
Creative Commons
Forschungsdaten lizenzieren

description: Sie wollen Forschungsdaten veröffentlichen? Doch unter welcher Lizenz stellen Sie diese? Hierzu gibt diese Präsentation Antwort und spricht Empfehlungen aus. Peter Brettschneider arbeitet am Kommunikations-, Informations-, Medienzentrum der Universität Konstanz als Fachreferent Rechtswissenschaften und im Team Open Science als Projektmitarbeiter der baden-württembergisches Landesinitiative bw2FDM.
FedKD: Communication Efficient Federated Learning via Knowledge Distillation
Creators: name: Wu, Chuhan
name: Wu, Fangzhao
name: Lyu, Lingjuan
name: Huang, Yongfeng
name: Xie, Xing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Federated learning is widely used to learn intelligent models from decentralized data. In federated learning, clients need to communicate their local model updates in each iteration of model learning. However, model updates are large in size if the model contains numerous parameters, and there usually needs many rounds of communication until model converges. Thus, the communication cost in federated learning can be quite heavy. In this paper, we propose a communication efficient federated learning method based on knowledge distillation. Instead of directly communicating the large models between clients and server, we propose an adaptive mutual distillation framework to reciprocally learn a student and a teacher model on each client, where only the student model is shared by different clients and updated collaboratively to reduce the communication cost. Both the teacher and student on each client are learned on its local data and the knowledge distilled from each other, where their distillation intensities are controlled by their prediction quality. To further reduce the communication cost, we propose a dynamic gradient approximation method based on singular value decomposition to approximate the exchanged gradients with dynamic precision. Extensive experiments on benchmark datasets in different tasks show that our approach can effectively reduce the communication cost and achieve competitive results.
Scanning the landscape of axion dark matter detectors: applying gradient descent to experimental design
Creators: name: McDonald, J. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hunt for dark matter remains one of the principal objectives of modern physics and cosmology. Searches for dark matter in the form of axions are proposed or underway across a range of experimental collaborations. As we look to the next generation of detectors, a natural question to ask is whether there are new experimental designs waiting to be discovered and how we might find them. Here we take a new approach to the experimental design procedure by using gradient descent techniques to search for optimal detector designs. We provide a proof of principle for this technique by searching 1D detectors varying the bulk properties of the detector until the optimal detector design is obtained. Remarkably, we find the detector is capable of out-performing a human designed experiment on which the search was initiated. This opens the door to further gradient descent searches of more complex 2D and 3D designs across a wider variety of materials and boundary geometries of the detector. There is also an opportunity to use more sophisticated gradient descent algorithms to complete a more exhaustive scan of the landscape of designs.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, comments welcome
Probing triaxial deformation of atomic nuclei in high-energy heavy ion collisions
Creators: name: Jia, Jiangyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most atomic nuclei are deformed with a quadrupole shape described by its overall strength $β_2$ and triaxiality $γ$. The deformation can be accessed in high-energy heavy-ion collisions by measuring the collective flow response of the produced quark-gluon plasma to the eccentricity $\varepsilon_2$ and the density gradient $d_{\perp}$ in the initial state. Using analytical estimate and a Glauber model, I show that the variances, $\langle\varepsilon_2^2\rangle$ or $\langle(δd_{\perp}/d_{\perp})^2\rangle$, and skewnesses, $\langle\varepsilon_2^2δd_{\perp}/d_{\perp}\rangle$ or $\langle(δd_{\perp}/d_{\perp})^3\rangle$, have a simple analytical form of $a'+b'β_2^2$ and $a'+(b'+c'\cos(3γ))β_2^3$, respectively. From these, I constructed several normalized skewnesses to isolate the $γ$ dependence from that of $β_2$, and show that the correlations between any normalized skewness and any variance can constrain simultaneously the $β_2$ and $γ$. Assuming a linear relation with elliptic flow $v_2$ and mean-transverse momentum $[p_{\mathrm{T}}]$ of final state particles, similar conclusions are also expected for the variances and skewnesses of $v_2$ and $[p_{\mathrm{T}}]$. Our findings motivate a dedicated system scan of high-energy heavy ion collisions to measure triaxiality of atomic nuclei. This is better done by collisions of prolate, $\cos(3γ)=1$, and oblate nuclei, $\cos(3γ)=-1$, with well known $β_2$ values to calibrate the coefficients $b'$ and $c'$, followed by collisions of species of interest especially those with known $β_2$ but unknown $γ$. The results demonstrate the unique opportunities offered by high-energy collisions as a tool to perform interdisciplinary nuclear physics studies.
description: 20 pages, 14 figures, plus 3 appendix, published version
A general model of hierarchical fractal scale-free networks
Creators: name: Yakubo, Kousuke
name: Fujiki, Yuka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a general model of unweighted and undirected networks having the scale-free property and fractal nature. Unlike the existing models of fractal scale-free networks (FSFNs), the present model can systematically and widely change the network structure. In this model, an FSFN is iteratively formed by replacing each edge in the previous generation network with a small graph called a generator. The choice of generators enables us to control the scale-free property, fractality, and other structural properties of hierarchical FSFNs. We calculate theoretically various characteristic quantities of networks, such as the exponent of the power-law degree distribution, fractal dimension, average clustering coefficient, global clustering coefficient, and joint probability describing the nearest-neighbor degree correlation. As an example of analyses of phenomena occurring on FSFNs, we also present the critical point and critical exponents of the bond-percolation transition on infinite FSFNs, which is related to the robustness of networks against edge removal. By comparing the percolation critical points of FSFNs whose structural properties are the same as each other except for the clustering nature, we clarify the effect of the clustering on the robustness of FSFNs. As demonstrated by this example, the present model makes it possible to elucidate how a specific structural property influences a phenomenon occurring on FSFNs by varying systematically the structures of FSFNs. Finally, we extend our model for deterministic FSFNs to a model of non-deterministic ones by introducing asymmetric generators and reexamine all characteristic quantities and the percolation problem for such non-deterministic FSFNs.
description: 24 pages, 5 figures
Ein Vorschlag für die Sichtbarmachung der Qualität von Forschungsdaten am Beispiel des DataCite DOI
Creators: name: Ganske, Anette
name: Heydebreck, Daniel
name: Kraft, Angelina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: AtMoDat, Qualität, DOI, DataCite, Data Maturity Index, Quality
subject: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520
subject: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q821542
subject: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145117
subject: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q827792
subject: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180160
subject: https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42848

description: Im Vortrag wird einerseits ein Qualitätsstandard für Atmosphärenmodelldaten vorgestellt und andererseits ein Vorschlag gemacht, wie ein allgemeiner Qualitätsindex innerhalb des DataCite Metadatenschemas aussehen könnte. Der disziplinspezifische Qualitätsstandard wurde im Rahmen des BMBF-Projekts AtMoDat (https://www.atmodat.de) für die Veröffentlichung von Atmosphärenmodelldaten entwickelt. Da ein allgemeiner Indikator für die Forschungsdatenqualität auch für andere Disziplinen wichtig ist, wird langfristig bei den DataCite Metadaten die Einführung eines Feldes „Data Maturity Index“ o.ä. angestrebt.
description: AtModat wird gefördert vom BMBF (FKZ: 16QK02A-D)
description: {"references": ["WMO, 2018: Guide to Climatological Practices.ISBN 978-92-63-10100-6", "Wilkinson, Mark D. et al. (2016): The FAIR Guiding Principles for scientific data management and stewardship. Scientific Data 3, p. 160018. https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2016.18.", "Ritchey, N.A., 2020: NOAA/NCEI's Challenges in Meeting New Open Data. EGU2020 conference presentation. https://presentations.copernicus.org/EGU2020/EGU2020-12419_presentation.pdf", "RDA 2020: Results of an Analysis of Existing FAIR assessment tools. https://www.rd-alliance.org/system/files/Results%20Analysis%20of%20FAIR%20assessment%20tools%20v3.pdf", "ARDC, 2020: FAIR self assessment tool. https://ardc.edu.au/resources/working-with-data/fair-data/fair-self-assessment-tool/", "Ganske, A. et al., 2020: Bericht \u00fcber initialen Kernstandard und Kurationskriterien. https://www.atmodat.de/dissemination/reports/initial-core-standard-and-curation-criteria-v2.4/view"]}
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener’s) as a necrotizing gingivitis mimic: a case report
Creators: name: Genuis, Katrina
name: Pewarchuk, Jesse
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2015

description: Introduction. Granulomatosis with polyangiitis poses a significant diagnostic dilemma due its diverse presentations. Seemly isolated sites of disease, such as oral ulcers, may present to physicians working in primary care settings, the emergency room, and subspecialty fields as well as to dentists. Oral presentations are particularly challenging to identify and require a high index of suspicion and a detailed knowledge of the condition in order to diagnose and treat. We detail a case of granulomatosis with polyangiitis presenting as necrotizing gingivitis, one of the first of its kind to be reported. Case presentation An otherwise healthy 32-year-old, Caucasian woman presented to various physicians with progressive, painful oral ulcers. Following consultations with multiple primary care physicians and subspecialties, an initial diagnosis of severe infectious necrotizing gingivitis was made resulting in combination antibiotic treatment as well as surgical debridement involving extraction of all maxillary and three mandibular teeth. With the discovery of a positive cytoplasmic anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody and a constellation of associated systemic symptoms, our patient was subsequently diagnosed with granulomatosis with polyangiitis. The treatment regimen of rituximab and methylprednisone was chosen in consideration of our patient’s desire for future fertility and has been successful in inducing and maintaining remission. Conclusions Following the case presentation, we review the current literature regarding granulomatosis with polyangiitis presentation, diagnosis and treatment. In discussing features of granulomatosis with polyangiitis presentation, diagnostic tests, and important new treatment options, we seek to enable physicians of all specialties to better recognize and begin appropriate treatment for this complex condition.
Abelian origin of $ν=2/3$ and $2+2/3$ fractional quantum Hall effect
Creators: name: Hu, Liangdong
name: Zhu, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the ground state properties of fractional quantum Hall effect at the filling factor $ν=2/3$ and $2+2/3$, with a special focus on their typical edge physics. Via topological characterization scheme in the framework of density matrix renormalization group, the nature of $ν=2/3$ and $2+2/3$ state are identified as Abelian hole-type Laughlin state, as evidenced by the fingerprint of entanglement spectra, central charge and topological spins. Crucially, by constructing interface between $2/3$ ($2+2/3$) state and different integer quantum Hall states, we study the structures of the interfaces from many aspects, including charge density and dipole moment. In particular, we demonstrate the edge reconstruction by visualizing edge channels comprised of two groups: the outermost $1/3$ channel and inner composite channel made of a charged mode and neutral modes.
description: 20pages, 17figures
DRFormer: Multi-Scale Transformer Utilizing Diverse Receptive Fields for Long Time-Series Forecasting
Creators: name: Ding, Ruixin
name: Chen, Yuqi
name: Lan, Yu-Ting
name: Zhang, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.6

description: Long-term time series forecasting (LTSF) has been widely applied in finance, traffic prediction, and other domains. Recently, patch-based transformers have emerged as a promising approach, segmenting data into sub-level patches that serve as input tokens. However, existing methods mostly rely on predetermined patch lengths, necessitating expert knowledge and posing challenges in capturing diverse characteristics across various scales. Moreover, time series data exhibit diverse variations and fluctuations across different temporal scales, which traditional approaches struggle to model effectively. In this paper, we propose a dynamic tokenizer with a dynamic sparse learning algorithm to capture diverse receptive fields and sparse patterns of time series data. In order to build hierarchical receptive fields, we develop a multi-scale Transformer model, coupled with multi-scale sequence extraction, capable of capturing multi-resolution features. Additionally, we introduce a group-aware rotary position encoding technique to enhance intra- and inter-group position awareness among representations across different temporal scales. Our proposed model, named DRFormer, is evaluated on various real-world datasets, and experimental results demonstrate its superiority compared to existing methods. Our code is available at: https://github.com/ruixindingECNU/DRFormer.
Towards high partial waves in lattice QCD with a dumbbell-like operator
Creators: name: Wu, Jia-Jun
name: Kamleh, Waseem
name: Leinweber, Derek B.
name: Li, Yan
name: Schierholz, Gerrit
name: Young, Ross D.
name: Zanotti, James M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An extended two-hadron operator is developed to extract the spectra of irreducible representations (irreps) in the finite volume. The irreps of the group for the finite volume system are projected using a coordinate-space operator. The correlation function of this operator is computationally efficient to extract lattice spectra of the specific irrep. In particular, this new formulation only requires propagators to be computed from two distinct source locations, at fixed spatial separation. We perform a proof-of-principle study on a $24^3 \times 48$ lattice volume with $m_π\approx 900$ MeV by isolating various spectra of the $ππ$ system with isospin-2 including a range of total momenta and irreps. By applying the Lüscher formalism, the phase shifts of $S$-, $D$- and $G$-wave $ππ$ scattering with isospin-2 are extracted from the spectra.
description: 29 Pages, 5 figures
Doubly-ionized lanthanum as a qubit candidate for quantum networks
Creators: name: Olmschenk, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose doubly-ionized lanthanum (La$^{2+}$) as a possible qubit candidate for quantum networks. Transitions between the lowest levels in the atom are in the infrared, enabling a direct matter-light interface amenable to long-distance quantum communication. These transitions could also be used to directly laser-cool trapped La$^{2+}$ ions. The rich hyperfine structure of the ion may allow for a qubit stored in magnetic-field insensitive states, as well as protocols for atom-photon entanglement.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
PDEs for pricing interest rate derivatives under the new generalized Forward Market Model (FMM)
Creators: name: López-Salas, J. G.
name: Pérez-Rodríguez, S.
name: Vázquez, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Pricing of Securities (q-fin.PR)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article we derive partial differential equations (PDEs) for pricing interest rate derivatives under the generalized Forward Market Model (FMM) recently presented by A. Lyashenko and F. Mercurio in \cite{lyashenkoMercurio:Mar2019} to model the dynamics of the Risk Free Rates (RFRs) that are replacing the traditional IBOR rates in the financial industry. Moreover, for the numerical solution of the proposed PDEs formulation, we develop some adaptations of the finite differences methods developed in \cite{LopezPerezVazquez:sisc} that are very suitable to treat the presence of spatial mixed derivatives. This work is the first article in the literature where PDE methods are used to value RFR derivatives. Additionally, Monte Carlo-based methods will be designed and the results are compared with those obtained by the numerical solution of PDEs.
SelfGeo: Self-supervised and Geodesic-consistent Estimation of Keypoints on Deformable Shapes
Creators: name: Zohaib, Mohammad
name: Cosmo, Luca
name: Del Bue, Alessio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Unsupervised 3D keypoints estimation from Point Cloud Data (PCD) is a complex task, even more challenging when an object shape is deforming. As keypoints should be semantically and geometrically consistent across all the 3D frames - each keypoint should be anchored to a specific part of the deforming shape irrespective of intrinsic and extrinsic motion. This paper presents, "SelfGeo", a self-supervised method that computes persistent 3D keypoints of non-rigid objects from arbitrary PCDs without the need of human annotations. The gist of SelfGeo is to estimate keypoints between frames that respect invariant properties of deforming bodies. Our main contribution is to enforce that keypoints deform along with the shape while keeping constant geodesic distances among them. This principle is then propagated to the design of a set of losses which minimization let emerge repeatable keypoints in specific semantic locations of the non-rigid shape. We show experimentally that the use of geodesic has a clear advantage in challenging dynamic scenes and with different classes of deforming shapes (humans and animals). Code and data are available at: https://github.com/IIT-PAVIS/SelfGeo
description: This paper has been accepted in ECCV 2024
High fidelity entanglement of neutral atoms via a Rydberg-mediated single-modulated-pulse controlled-PHASE gate
Creators: name: Fu, Zhuo
name: Xu, Peng
name: Sun, Yuan
name: Liu, Yangyang
name: He, Xiaodong
name: Li, Xiao
name: Liu, Min
name: Li, Runbing
name: Wang, Jin
name: Liu, Liang
name: Zhan, Mingsheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutral atom platform has become an attractive choice to study the science of quantum information and quantum simulation, where intense efforts have been devoted to the entangling processes between individual atoms. For the development of this area, two-qubit controlled-PHASE gate via Rydberg blockade is one of the most essential elements. Recent theoretical studies have suggested the advantages of introducing non-trivial waveform modulation into the gate protocol, which is anticipated to improve its performance towards the next stage. We report our recent experimental results in realizing a two-qubit controlled-PHASE($C_Z$) gate via off-resonant modulated driving(ORMD) embedded in two-photon transition for Rb atoms. It relies upon a single modulated driving pulse with a carefully calculated smooth waveform to gain the appropriate phase accumulations required by the two-qubit gate. Combining this $C_Z$ gate with global microwave pulses, two-atom entanglement is generated with the raw fidelity of 0.945(6). Accounting for state preparation and measurement (SPAM) errors, we extract the entanglement operation fidelity to be 0.980(7). Our work features completing the $C_Z$ gate operation within a single pulse to avoid shelved Rydberg population, thus demonstrate another promising route for realizing high-fidelity two-qubit gate for neutral atom platform.
description: 4 figures
Streaming Culture. Research Report by AHRC Creative Industries and Policy Centre
Creators: name: Leung, Raphael
name: Kretschmer, Martin
name: Meletti, Bartolomeo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Using five waves (2013-18) of a representative survey of the UK population (commissioned for different purposes by the UK Intellectual Property Office), we investigate the changing online culture consumption behaviour of UK adults aged 12 and above, with a focus on streaming. The demographic breakdown of digital consumers of feature films, TV programmes, video games, e-books, music tracks/ albums, and music videos shows that the propensity to consume digitally (as well as how much is spent on digital content) varies strongly with age for film, TV and music. Age and social class predict whether people participate in streaming at all. Not everyone will become a digital streamer. This has ethical implications (cultural participation) but also offers commercial opportunities for a large untapped market in the 55+ age group.
The presence of nitrate dramatically changed the predominant microbial community in perchlorate degrading cultures under saline conditions
Creators: name: Stepanov, Victor G
name: Xiao, Yeyuan
name: Tran, Quyen
name: Rojas, Mark
name: Willson, Richard C
name: Fofanov, Yuriy
name: Fox, George E
name: Roberts, Deborah J
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Background: Perchlorate contamination has been detected in both ground water and drinking water. An attractive treatment option is the use of ion-exchange to remove and concentrate perchlorate in brine. Biological treatment can subsequently remove the perchlorate from the brine. When nitrate is present, it will also be concentrated in the brine and must also be removed by biological treatment. The primary objective was to obtain an in-depth characterization of the microbial populations of two salt-tolerant cultures each of which is capable of metabolizing perchlorate. The cultures were derived from a single ancestral culture and have been maintained in the laboratory for more than 10 years. One culture was fed perchlorate only, while the other was fed both perchlorate and nitrate. Results: A metagenomic characterization was performed using Illumina DNA sequencing technology, and the 16S rDNA of several pure strains isolated from the mixed cultures were sequenced. In the absence of nitrate, members of the Rhodobacteraceae constituted the prevailing taxonomic group. Second in abundance were the Rhodocyclaceae. In the nitrate fed culture, the Rhodobacteraceae are essentially absent. They are replaced by a major expansion of the Rhodocyclaceae and the emergence of the Alteromonadaceae as a significant community member. Gene sequences exhibiting significant homology to known perchlorate and nitrate reduction enzymes were found in both cultures. Conclusions: The structure of the two microbial ecosystems of interest has been established and some representative strains obtained in pure culture. The results illustrate that under favorable conditions a group of organisms can readily dominate an ecosystem and yet be effectively eliminated when their advantage is lost. Almost all known perchlorate-reducing organisms can also effectively reduce nitrate. This is certainly not the case for the Rhodobacteraceae that were found to dominate in the absence of nitrate, but effectively disappeared in its presence. This study is significant in that it reveals the existence of a novel group of organisms that play a role in the reduction of perchlorate under saline conditions. These Rhodobacteraceae especially, as well as other organisms present in these communities may be a promising source of unique salt-tolerant enzymes for perchlorate reduction.
Quantum kernels to learn the phases of quantum matter
Creators: name: Sancho-Lorente, Teresa
name: Román-Roche, Juan
name: Zueco, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classical machine learning has succeeded in the prediction of both classical and quantum phases of matter. Notably, kernel methods stand out for their ability to provide interpretable results, relating the learning process with the physical order parameter explicitly. Here, we exploit quantum kernels instead. They are naturally related to the \emph{fidelity} and thus it is possible to interpret the learning process with the help of quantum information tools. In particular, we use a support vector machine (with a quantum kernel) to predict and characterize second order quantum phase transitions. We explain and understand the process of learning when the fidelity per site (rather than the fidelity) is used. The general theory is tested in the Ising chain in transverse field. We show that for small-sized systems, the algorithm gives accurate results, even when trained away from criticality. Besides, for larger sizes we confirm the success of the technique by extracting the correct critical exponent $ν$. Finally, we present two algorithms, one based on fidelity and one based on the fidelity per site, to classify the phases of matter in a quantum processor.
description: Published version. Two quantum algorithms added, one for the fidelity per site
Differentially methylated CpG island within human XIST mediates alternative P2 transcription and YY1 binding
Creators: name: Chapman, Andrew G.
name: Cotton, Allison M.
name: Kelsey, Angela D.
name: Brown, Carolyn Janet
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Background: X-chromosome inactivation silences one X chromosome in females to achieve dosage compensation with the single X chromosome in males. While most genes are silenced on the inactive X chromosome, the gene for the long non-coding RNA XIST is silenced on the active X chromosome and expressed from the inactive X chromosome with which the XIST RNA associates, triggering silencing of the chromosome. In mouse, an alternative Xist promoter, P2 is also the site of YY1 binding, which has been shown to serve as a tether between the Xist RNA and the DNA of the chromosome. In humans there are many differences from the initial events of mouse Xist activation, including absence of a functional antisense regulator Tsix, and absence of strictly paternal inactivation in extraembryonic tissues, prompting us to examine regulatory regions for the human XIST gene. Results: We demonstrate that the female-specific DNase hypersensitivity site within XIST is specific to the inactive X chromosome and correlates with transcription from an internal P2 promoter. P2 is located within a CpG island that is differentially methylated between males and females and overlaps conserved YY1 binding sites that are only bound on the inactive X chromosome where the sites are unmethylated. However, YY1 binding is insufficient to drive P2 expression or establish the DHS, which may require a development-specific factor. Furthermore, reduction of YY1 reduces XIST transcription in addition to causing delocalization of XIST. Conclusions: The differentially methylated DNase hypersensitive site within XIST marks the location of an alternative promoter, P2, that generates a transcript of unknown function as it lacks the A repeats that are critical for silencing. In addition, this region binds YY1 on the unmethylated inactive X chromosome, and depletion of YY1 untethers the XIST RNA as well as decreasing transcription of XIST.
Star Formation, Nebulae, and Active Galactic Nuclei in CLASH Brightest Cluster Galaxies. I. Dependence on Core Entropy of Intracluster Medium
Creators: name: Levitskiy, Arsen
name: Lim, Jeremy
name: Ohyama, Youichi
name: Li, Juno
name: Donahue, Megan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We set the stage for reassessing how star formation, emission-line nebulae, and active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) depend on the thermodynamics of the intracluster medium (ICM). Our work is based on the 25 clusters observed in the CLASH program for which the aforementioned attributes in their BCGs can be well scrutinized, as has the thermodynamics of their ICM. Nine of these BCGs display complex UV morphologies tracing recent star formation, whereas the remaining 16 are characterized by a relatively compact central UV enhancement. Here, we show definitively that three of the latter BCGs also display star formation, whereas the diffuse UV of the remaining 13 is entirely consistent with old low-mass stars. The overall results support the previously established dependence of star formation and nebulae in BCGs on an "excess core entropy," K$_{0}$, for the ICM: all 11 clusters with K$_{0}$ $\leq$ 24 keV cm$^{2}$ (but only one of 14 clusters with K$_{0}$ $\geq$ 42 keV cm$^{2}$) host star-forming BCGs that almost if not always possess nebulae. Instead of an entropy floor, we show that K$_{0}$ reflects the degree to which the radial entropy profile decreases inward within $\sim$100 kpc rather than (except perhaps at large K$_{0}$) actually flattening: clusters with lower ICM entropies and hence shorter cooling times at their cores preferentially host BCGs displaying star formation, nebulae, and more radio-luminous AGNs. Nearly all BCGs possess detectable AGNs, however, indicating multiple pathways for fuelling their AGNs.
description: 39 Pages, 18 Figures
The aromatic plant Melissa officinalis and effects of its aqueous extracts on summer annual and invasive weed species
Creators: name: Kanatas, Panagiotis
Publisher: name: Agraarteadus
Year: 2020
Subjects: Melissa officinalis
allelopathy
weeds
invasive species
article

description: The effects of aqueous extracts of the aromatic plant Melissa officinalis were studied on the seed germination and early seedlings growth of ten summer annual species in Petri dish bioassays and pot experiments. The in vitro experiments on the aqueous extracts from M. officinalis on seed germination shows that the extracts of 5 and 10% were the most active inhibitors for all the studied weed species. Seed germination reduction by the aqueous extracts was up to 54% of the untreated seed lot for each species. On the contrary, the concentration of 1% resulted in germination reduction ranging from 1 to 11%, while in some of the weed species (P. minor, S. nigrum, P. angulata and C. albida) the effect was rather stimulatory. This finding is in full agreement with “novel weapons hypothesis” and supports that native plants compared with invasive (like C. albida and P. angulata) are affected more due to the absence of tolerance or resistance to the allelochemicals. The allelopathy RI of aqueous extracts of lemon balm was negative in most cases, while in the case of 10% concentration, emergence was reduced by 58, 54, 48, 46 and 43% for X. strumarium, C. album, S. faberi, C. canadensis and C. bonariensis, respectively. The allelopathic activity of M. officinalis could be exploited in future studies, to identify and isolate the allelochemicals, as models for future herbicides for integrated weed management.
title: Digital and mobile identities
Creators: name: Funke, Holger
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mobile ID
subject: Digital ID
subject: Digital Travel Credentials
subject: Smartphone
subject: Cryptographic Service Provider
subject: eIDAS
subject: identification

description: In this paper current developments in mobile identities are described. A scalable architecture, standard future-proven technologies such as ISO/IEC 23220 and a Cryptographic Service Provider build the framework for secure, failsafe and large deployments. The building blocks specified in ISO/IEC 23220 deliver a framework that can be easily used for identities stored on secure devices such as smartphones. This paper lists a selection of outstanding projects using mobile and digital identities in the field of mobile ID. The focus is on Digital Travel Credentials (DTC) which are currently specified by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).
Triplet Fusion Upconversion Nanocapsules for Volumetric 3D Printing
Creators: name: Sanders, Samuel N.
name: Schloemer, Tracy H.
name: Gangishetty, Mahesh K.
name: Anderson, Daniel
name: Seitz, Michael
name: Gallegos, Arynn O.
name: Stokes, R. Christopher
name: Congreve, Daniel N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-photon photopolymerization delivers prints without support structures and minimizes layering artifacts in a broad range of materials. This volumetric printing approach scans a focused light source throughout the entire volume of a resin vat and takes advantage of the quadratic power dependence of two photon absorption to produce photopolymerization exclusively at the focal point. While this approach has advantages, the widespread adoption of two photon photopolymerization is hindered by the need for expensive ultrafast lasers and extremely slow print speeds. Here we present an analogous quadratic process, triplet-triplet-annihilation-driven 3D printing, that enables volumetric printing at a focal point driven by <4 milliwatt-power continuous wave excitation. To induce photopolymerization deep within a vat, the key advance is the nanoencapsulation of photon upconversion solution within a silica shell decorated with solubilizing polymer ligands. This scalable self-assembly approach allows for scatter-free nanocapsule dispersal in a variety of organic media without leaking the capsule contents. We further introduce an excitonic strategy to systematically control the upconversion threshold to support either monovoxel or parallelized printing schemes, printing at power densities multiple orders of magnitude lower than power densities required for two-photon-based 3D printing. The application of upconversion nanocapsules to volumetric 3D printing provides access to the benefits of volumetric printing without the current cost, power, and speed drawbacks. The materials demonstrated here open opportunities for other triplet fusion upconversion-controlled applications.
Book of abstracts from the 2013 Joint Australia-China Aluminium Industry Technology Symposium
Creators: name: Rhamdhani, Akbar
name: Brooks, Geoffrey
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: The 2013 Joint Australia-China Aluminium Industry Technology Symposium was held at Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia, on 22 August 2013. The symposium was jointly organised by Swinburne University of Technology and the China Non-Ferrous Metals Industry Association.
Pseudospin-one particles in the time-periodic dice lattice: A new approach to transport control
Creators: name: Majari, Parisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The controlling of the transmission in the pseudospin-one Dirac-Weyl systems offers a rich tool to study new concepts of massive Dirac electron tunneling by means of a time-dependent potential. The time-periodic potential is one of the experimental techniques to have more control over the tunneling effect. In this paper, we study the transmission coefficient for different sidebands to obtain total transmission. We show how the super Klein tunneling under special condition is independent of the incidence angle, oscillation amplitude, frequency, and barrier width. We consider a band gap opening with different locations of the flat band and modulate the resonances by tuning free parameters in our system.