cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Phase metrology with multi-cycle two-colour pulses
Creators: name: Petersson, Carl Leon Michael
name: Carlström, Stefanos
name: Schafer, Kenneth J
name: Mauritsson, Johan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong-field phenomena driven by an intense infrared (IR) laser depend on during what part of the field cycle they are initiated. By changing the sub-cycle character of the laser electric field it is possible to control such phenomena. For long pulses, sub-cycle shaping of the field can be done by adding a relatively weak, second harmonic of the driving field to the pulse. Through constructive and destructive interference, the combination of strong and weak fields can be used to change the probability of a strong-field process being initiated at any given part of the cycle. In order to control sub-cycle phenomena with optimal accuracy, it is necessary to know the phase difference of the strong and the weak fields precisely. If the weaker field is an even harmonic of the driving field, electrons ionized by the field will be asymmetrically distributed between the positive and negative directions of the combined fields. Information about the asymmetry can yield information about the phase difference. A technique to measure asymmetry for few-cycle pulses, called Stereo-ATI (Above Threshold Ionization), has been developed by [Paulus G G, et al 2003 Phys. Rev. Lett. 91]. This paper outlines an extension of this method to measure the phase difference between a strong IR and its second harmonic.
Transmission distance in the space of quantum channels
Creators: name: Bussandri, Diego G.
name: Lamberti, Pedro W.
name: Życzkowski, Karol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze two ways to obtain distinguishability measures between quantum maps by employing the square root of the quantum Jensen-Shannon divergence, which forms a true distance in the space of density operators. The arising measures are the transmission distance between quantum channels and the entropic channel divergence. We investigate their mathematical properties and discuss their physical meaning. Additionally, we establish a chain rule for the entropic channel divergence, which implies the amortization collapse, a relevant result with potential applications in the field of discrimination of quantum channels and converse bounds. Finally, we analyze the distinguishability between two given Pauli channels and study exemplary Hamiltonian dynamics under decoherence.
Exploring The Impact Of Narrative-Based Video On Teacher Thinking And Practice
Creators: name: SIMON KINGSTON LINDSAY
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Education

description: The thesis explores one way of opening up possibilities for teachers to think differently about, and to see new opportunities for, improvement within their teaching. In particular the thesis examines how the use of narrative-based video stories of teaching can inspire behaviour change in teachers as a consequence of communicating fundamental ideas of practice, identity, attitude and behaviour, through image and story. In so doing, the thesis offers an alternate way to support teachers to learn more about themselves and their professional knowledge whilst also enhancing their practice.
Engaging Indian Parents and Children In Early Childhood Centres in Melbourne, Australia
Creators: name: VIjaya Tatineni
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 130102 Early Childhood Education (excl. Maori)
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: In Australia, the implementation of inclusive policies by early childhood educators (teachers) and their interpretation of multiculturalism in early childhood centres have presented multiple barriers to Indian parents’ educational aspirations for their children. The literature review undertaken as part of this thesis revealed that gaps had developed in parent-teacher communication in early childhood centres. The Multicultural Umbrella Model (MUM) was used as a conceptual framework and a constructivist methodology helped build case studies of the multicultural participants. Semi-structured interviews were conducted to elicit the social and cultural teaching and learning provided by Indian parents and early childhood educators for Indian children. The analysis of the findings has led to the recommendation that a redesigned Multicultural Umbrella Model (MUM) be implemented by early childhood educators to help reflect on their practice and use the framework’s tools for better communications.
Hyperonic uncertainties in neutron stars, mergers and supernovae
Creators: name: Kochankovski, Hristijan
name: Ramos, Angels
name: Tolos, Laura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we delve into the temperature-dependent Equation of State (EoS) of baryonic matter within the framework of the FSU2H$^*$ hadronic model, which comprehensively incorporates hyperons and is suitable for relativistic simulations of neutron star mergers and supernovae. To assess the impact of the uncertainties in the hyperonic sector on astrophysical observables, we introduce two additional models, namely FSU2H$^*$L and FSU2H$^*$U. These models cover the entire spectrum of variability of hyperonic potentials, as derived from experimental data. Our investigations reveal that these uncertainties extend their influence not only to the relative abundances of various particle species but also to the EoS itself and, consequently, have an impact on the global properties of both cold and hot neutron stars. Notably, their effects become more pronounced at large temperatures, owing to the increased presence of hyperons. These findings have direct implications for the outcomes of relativistic simulations of neutron star mergers and supernovae, emphasizing the need of accounting for hyperonic uncertainties to ensure the accuracy and reliability of such simulations in astrophysical contexts.
description: 14 pages, 15 figures, 2 tables, 1 new appendix, published version
Experimental study of impact and evaporation of a droplet on a solid surface: self-assembly of colloidal particles and bouncing droplets
Creators: name: LAXMAN KUMAR MALLA
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: The present thesis investigates two problems in the interfacial phenomena field that is the evaporation of a sessile droplet and the impact of a pure liquid droplet on a microtextured surface. First, the profile and morphology of the ring-like deposits obtained after evaporation of a sessile water droplet containing polystyrene colloidal particles on a hydrophilic glass substrate for non-heated and non-uniformly heated cases are investigated experimentally. In particular, the coupled effect of particle size, concentration and temperature gradient on the substrate are studied. Second, the impact dynamics of a microliter water droplet on a microgrooved surface is investigated. The effect of the pitch of the grooved surface and Weber number on the droplet dynamics and impact outcome are studied.
Predicting the Electronic Density Response of Condensed-Phase Systems to Electric Field Perturbations
Creators: name: Lewis, Alan M
name: Lazzaroni, Paolo
name: Rossi, Mariana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a local and transferable machine learning approach capable of predicting the real-space density response of both molecules and periodic systems to external homogeneous electric fields. The new method, SALTER, builds on the Symmetry-Adapted Gaussian Process Regression SALTED framework. SALTER requires only a small, but necessary, modification to the descriptors used to represent the atomic environments. We present the performance of the method on isolated water molecules, bulk water and a naphthalene crystal. Root mean square errors of the predicted density response lie at or below 10% with barely more than 100 training structures. Derived quantities, such as polarizability tensors and even Raman spectra further derived from these tensors show a good agreement with those calculated directly from quantum mechanical methods. Therefore, SALTER shows excellent performance when predicting derived quantities, while retaining all of the information contained in the full electronic response. This method is thus capable of learning vector fields in a chemical context and serves as a landmark for further developments.
description: Main text: 7 pages, 5 figures. SI: 5 pages, 4 figures
Dynamic Behaviours of Rock Materials under Coupled Multi-axial Confinement and Dynamic Loading
Creators: name: KAI LIU
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90501 Civil Geotechnical Engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: This thesis aims to identify the effects of confining stress and strain rate on the dynamic behaviours of rock materials. It is significantly important to design reliable experimental methods, to determine mechanical properties, to measure real-time full-field deformation field, and to investigate failure mechanisms of rock materials at micro scale.
Neu lokalisierte Befestigungsanlagen in Niederösterreich & Oberösterreich Version 2023-1
Creators: name: Harald, Lehenbauer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Burgenforschung
Lidar
Archäologie
Archaeology
Mittelalterarchäologie
Castle Studies
Landschaftsarchäologie
Landscape Archaeology
Digital Archaeology
Archaeological GIS

description: In der vorliegenden Abhandlung sollen die in den vergangenen Jahren gewonnen neuen
 Erkenntnisse zum Thema (abgekommene) Befestigungen in Niederösterreich präsentiert werden.
 Am Beginn des Jahres 2023 wurde die Suche nach neuen Anlagen auch auf das benachbarte
 Bundesland Oberösterreich ausgedehnt.1 Als erste Grundlage diente ein Skriptum, das für einen
 Vortrag mit dem Titel „Burgenforschung im Mostviertel. Rückblick – Einblick – Ausblick“,
 angefertigt wurde.2 Eine kleine Zahl an neu entdeckten Befestigungen wurde 2019 vom Verfasser im
 populärwissenschaftlichen Sammelband „Mosaiksteine 2“ publiziert.3
 Es fanden alle Befestigungen Eingang in den Katalog, nur die römischen Befestigungsanlagen,
 welche sich hauptsächlich entlang der Donau erstrecken, sollen einer separaten Publikation
 zugeführt werden. Da die Arbeit nicht in einem Zug verfasst wurde, sondern in einem Schreib- und
 Erkenntnisprozess von etwa 5 Jahren entstand und auch laufend weitergeführt wird, bitte ich um
 Nachsicht, falls dies in dem ein oder anderen Fall sprachlich auffallen sollte. Die angesprochene
 Weiterführung des Kataloges soll dazu dienen, weitere neu entdeckte Anlagen darin aufnehmen zu
 können. Um die verschiedenen Versionen klar unterscheidbar zu machen, wird jede Version mit
 einem vorangestellten „Änderungsverzeichnis“ versehen sein. Ein Augenmerk bei der Ergänzung der
 vorliegenden Arbeit liegt neben der weiteren digitalen Geländeprospektion und der damit
 hoffentlich einhergehenden Entdeckung weiterer Anlagen auf der Ausfindigmachung schriftlicher
 Belege, um die Besitzgeschichte der Befestigungen so weit wie möglich rekonstruieren zu können.
 Wo möglich wurden aussagekräftige Fotos und Situationsdarstellungen bzw.
 Interpretationsversuche eingebunden. Da es sich bei den hier behandelten Anlagen um bisher völlig
 unbekannte Befestigungen handelt, muss hier nachdrücklich darauf hingewiesen werden, dass die
 angestellten Überlegungen und Interpretationen im beschränkten Rahmen stattfinden mussten und
 vorläufig zu sehen sind, da per definitionem bisher keine archäologischen Untersuchungen
 stattgefunden haben. Ziel ist es, durch die Publikation ebendiese Untersuchungen anzuregen und
 die Denkmäler vor der Zerstörung zu bewahren
Computational modelling of Nano-resonators and coupled gain media
Creators: name: WARNAKULA ARACHCHIRALALAGE DON ANTON T WARNAKULA
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 100708 Nanomaterials
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology
subject: 20406 Surfaces and Structural Properties of Condensed Matter
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 20502 Lasers and Quantum Electronics
subject: Computational Physics
subject: Quantum Mechanics
subject: 20604 Quantum Optics

description: This thesis presents novel computational techniques for analysing the optical response of nano scale systems using classical electromagnetism and quantum mechanics. It also uses these techniques and others to analyse such systems and discovers extremely useful results regarding the optical response of various systems including nano-tori(doughnut shaped particles). It also presents a thorough analysis of the optics of two nano-spheres placed close to each other, with a general treatment extensible to other more complex setups.
Mate choice, sex roles and sexual cognition in vertebrates: mate choice turns cognition or cognition turns mate choice?
Creators: name: Fuss, Theodora
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Siegen
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 590 Tiere (Zoologie)
subject: Behavioral flexibility
subject: Sexual selection
subject: Social cognition
subject: Cognitive flexibility
subject: Sexual dimophism
subject: Geschlechtsunterschied
subject: Geschlechterrolle
subject: Soziale Wahrnehmung

description: The idea of “smart is sexy,” meaning superior cognition provides competitive benefits in mate choice and, therefore, evolutionary advantages in terms of reproductive fitness, is both exciting and captivating. Cognitively flexible individuals perceive and adapt more dynamically to (unpredictable) environmental changes. The sex roles that females and males adopt within their populations can vary greatly in response to the prevalent mating system. Based on how cognition determines these grossly divergent sex roles, different selection pressures could possibly shape the (progressive) evolution of cognitive abilities, suggesting the potential to induce sexual dimorphisms in superior cognitive abilities. Associations between an individual’s mating success, sexual traits and its cognitive abilities have been found consistently across vertebrate species and taxa, providing evidence that sexual selection may well shape the supporting cognitive prerequisites. Yet, while superior cognitive abilities provide benefits such as higher feeding success, improved antipredator behavior, or more favorable mate choice, they also claim costs such as higher energy levels and metabolic rates, which in turn may reduce fecundity, growth, or immune response. There is compelling evidence in a variety of vertebrate taxa that females appear to prefer skilled problem-solver males, i.e., they prefer those that appear to have better cognitive abilities. Consequently, cognition is also likely to have substantial effects on sexual selection processes. How the choosing sex assesses the cognitive abilities of potential mates has not been explored conclusively yet. Do cognitive skills guide an individual’s mate choice and does learning change an individual’s mate choice decisions? How and to which extent do individuals use their own cognitive skills to assess those of their conspecifics when choosing a mate? How does an individual’s role within a mating system influence the choice of the choosing sex in this context? Drawing on several examples from the vertebrate world, this review aims to elucidate various aspects associated with cognitive sex differences, the different roles of males and females in social and sexual interactions, and the potential influence of cognition on mate choice decisions. Finally, future perspectives aim to identify ways to answer the central question of how the triad of sex, cognition, and mate choice interacts.
Galesus (Schizogalesus) silvestrii var. nigricornis Nixon 1930
Creators: name: Notton, David G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Diapriidae
Galesus
Galesus silvestrii
Galesus (schizogalesus) silvestrii var. nigricornis nixon, 1930: 401

description: Galesus (Schizogalesus) silvestrii var. nigricornis Nixon, 1930: 401, 412.
Valid name
Coptera mosselensis nom. nov.
Summary of types
Syntype ♂, BMNH number 9.658. Syntypes 3 ♂♂.
Primary type data
Type; Mossel Bay/ Cape Province / Dec. 1921; S.Africa/ R.E.Turner/ Brit. Mus./ 1922-25; Galesus / silvestrii Kieff. / var. nigricornis / Nixon (syntype ♂). Paratype; Mossel Bay/ Cape Province / 18-30. xi.1921; S.Africa/ R.E.Turner/ Brit. Mus./ 1922-2; Galesus / silvestrii Kieff. / var. nigricornis / Nixon (syntypes 2♂♂). Paratype; Mossel Bay/ Cape Province / 5-31.vii.1921; S.Africa/ R.E.Turner/ Brit. Mus./ 1921-315; Galesus / silvestrii Kieff. / var. nigricornis / Nixon (syntype ♂).
Type locality
South Africa, Western Cape Province, Mossel Bay.
Remarks
There are four males agreeing with Nixon’s description and labelled by him as Galesus silvestrii v. nigricornis. Of these, one is labelled as “type” and rest as “ paratype ”; however, since neither a unique holotype or lectotype has yet been fixed, all of the type series is syntypic (Article 73.2). All syntypes are mounted on cards and are entire. This taxon is not conspecific with Coptera silvestrii; as well as the characters given by Nixon 1930, it differs also in the shape of the frontal projections (outer angle forming a longer, more acute projection in silvestrii) and in the size of the lateral fovea on the scutellar disc (larger in nigricornis, approaching the size of the basal scutellar fovea) and should be given the rank of species. Galesus (Schizogalesus) silvestrii var. nigricornis Nixon, 1930 is permanently invalid as a junior primary homonym of Galesus (G.) foersteri var. nigricornis Kieffer, 1911 and no other name appears to be available for it, so it is given a replacement name here based on the name of the type locality, Mossel Bay.
description: Published as part of Notton, David G., 2014, A catalogue of the types of Diapriinae (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) at the Natural History Museum, London, pp. 1-123 in European Journal of Taxonomy 75 on page 92, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.75, http://zenodo.org/record/3862773
The [OIII] profiles of far-infrared active and non-active optically-selected green valley galaxies
Creators: name: Mahoro, Antoine
name: Väisänen, Petri
name: Pović, Mirjana
name: Nkundabakura, Pheneas
name: van der Heyden, Kurt
name: Cazzoli, Sara
name: Worku, Samuel B.
name: Márquez, Isabel
name: Masegosa, Josefa
name: Randriamampandry, Solohery M.
name: Mogotsi, Moses
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the $\rm{[OIII]λ\,5007}$ line profile in a sub-sample of 8 active galactic nuclei (AGN) and 6 non-AGN in the optically-selected green valley at $\rm{z\,<\,0.5}$ using long-slit spectroscopic observations with the 11 m Southern African Large Telescope. Gaussian decomposition of the line profile was performed to study its different components. We observe that the AGN profile is more complex than the non-AGN one. In particular, in most AGN (5/8) we detect a blue wing of the line. We derive the FWHM velocities of the wing and systemic component, and find that AGN show higher FWHM velocity than non-AGN in their core component. We also find that the AGN show blue wings with a median velocity width of approximately 600 $\rm{km\,s^{-1}}$, and a velocity offset from the core component in the range -90 to -350 $\rm{km\,s^{-1}}$, in contrast to the non-AGN galaxies, where we do not detect blue wings in any of their $\rm{[OIII]λ\,5007}$ line profiles. Using spatial information in our spectra, we show that at least three of the outflow candidate galaxies have centrally driven gas outflows extending across the whole galaxy. Moreover, these are also the galaxies which are located on the main sequence of star formation, raising the possibility that the AGN in our sample are influencing SF of their host galaxies (such as positive feedback). This is in agreement with our previous work where we studied SF, morphology, and stellar population properties of a sample of green valley AGN and non-AGN galaxies.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Remnant loop quantum black holes
Creators: name: Borges, H. A.
name: Baranov, I. P. R.
name: Sobrinho, F. C.
name: Carneiro, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polymer models inspired by Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG) have been used to describe non-singular quantum black holes with spherical symmetry, with the classical singularity replaced by a transition from a black hole to a white hole. A recent model, with a single polymerisation parameter, leads to a symmetric transition with same mass for the black and white phases, and to an asymptotically flat exterior metric. The radius of the transition surface is, however, not fixed, increasing with the mass. Following similar procedures, in a previous paper we have fixed that radius by identifying the minimal area on the transition surface with the area gap of LQG. This allowed to find a dependence of the polymerisation parameter on the black hole mass, with the former increasing as the latter decreases. It also permitted to extend the model to Planck scale black holes, with quantum fluctuations remaining small at the horizon. In the present paper we extend this analysis to charged black holes, showing that the Cauchy horizon lies beyond of the transition surface. We also show the existence of limiting states with zero surface gravity, the lightest one with $Q = 0$ and $m = \sqrt{2}/4$, and the heaviest with $Q = m = \sqrt{2}/2$. Using our solutions to approximate quasi-steady horizons, we show that Hawking evaporation leads asymptotically to these extremal states, leaving remnant black holes of Planck size.
description: Version to appear in the letter section of Class. Quantum Grav
Modelling the feasibility and cost-effectiveness of edge-of-field mitigations for reducing nitrogen and phosphorus loads in the Waituna Lagoon Catchment, Southland
Creators: name: Weeber, Marc P.
name: Tanner, Chris C.
name: Rozemeijer, Joachim C.
name: Neal, Mark B.
name: Thiange, Christophe X. O.
name: Van den Roovaart, Joost C.
name: Burger, David F.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Edge-of-field mitigations (EoFM) can reduce agricultural nutrient losses to surface water. To determine the feasibility and cost-effectiveness of EoFM, we developed a spatial–economic modelling approach and applied it in the Waituna Lagoon Catchment (Southland, New Zealand) to evaluate reductions in nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) loads, utilising three EoFMs: constructed wetlands, woodchip bioreactors and aluminised zeolite filters. Cost-effectiveness per targeted nutrient was calculated using a strategy that considers nutrient reduction potential and implementation costs of EoFM across all farms (catchment-collective approach), and a strategy requiring each farm to mitigate individually using their most cost-effective EoFM mitigations (farm-based approach). Our modelling showed that the load received from potentially EoFM eligible sub-catchments is 46% and 27% for overall N and overall P load, respectively. EoFM can achieve substantial reductions using a catchment-collective approach (max. 24% overall N load; max. 15% overall P load), but cannot on their own provide the reductions required to achieve the desired outcome (59% overall N and 53% overall P load). Catchment-collective approaches for EoFM placement become more cost effective than farm-based approaches when larger nutrient reductions are required (N >33%; P >30%; N&P combined load >16%, based on the received load from potentially EoFM eligible subcatchments).
Application of genetic algorithm to load balancing in networks with a homogeneous traffic flow
Creators: name: Bolanowski, Marek
name: Gerka, Alicja
name: Paszkiewicz, Andrzej
name: Ganzha, Maria
name: Paprzycki, Marcin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.2.0

description: The concept of extended cloud requires efficient network infrastructure to support ecosystems reaching form the edge to the cloud(s). Standard approaches to network load balancing deliver static solutions that are insufficient for the extended clouds, where network loads change often. To address this issue, a genetic algorithm based load optimizer is proposed and implemented. Next, its performance is experimentally evaluated and it is shown that it outperforms other existing solutions.
description: Accepted for the conference -- The International Conference on Computational Science ICCS2023
Atomic dynamics in fluids: Normal mode analysis revisited
Creators: name: Moon, Jaeyun
name: Lindsay, Lucas
name: Egami, Takeshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Developing microscopic understanding of the thermal properties of liquids is challenging due to their strong dynamic disorder, which prevents characterization of the atomic degrees of freedom. There have been significant research interests in the past few decades to extend the normal mode analysis for solids to instantaneous structures of liquids. However, the nature of normal modes that arise from these unstable structures is still elusive. In this work, we explore the instantaneous eigenmodes of dynamical matrices of various Lennard-Jones argon liquid/gas systems at high temperatures and show that the normal modes can be interpreted as an interpolation of T \to \infty (gas) and T = 0 (solid) mode descriptions. We find that normal modes become increasingly collisional and translational, recovering atomistic gas-like behavior rather than vibrational with increase in temperature, suggesting that normal modes in liquids may be described by both solid-like and gas-like modes.
Rotational directionality via symmetry-breaking in an electrostatic motor
Creators: name: Celestino, A.
name: Croy, A.
name: Beims, M. W.
name: Eisfeld, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate how one can achieve a preferred rotational direction for the case of a simple electrostatic motor. The motor is composed by a rotor and two electronic reservoirs. Electronic islands on the rotor can exchange electrons with the reservoirs. An electrostatic field exerts a force on the occupied islands. The charge dynamics and the electrostatic field drive rotations of the rotor. Coupling to an environment lead to damping on the rotational degree of freedom. We use two different approaches to the charge dynamics in the electronic islands: hopping process and mean-field. The hopping process approach takes into account charge fluctuations, which can appear along Coulomb blockade effects in nanoscale systems. The mean-field approach neglects the charge fluctuations on the islands, which is typically suitable for larger systems. We show that for a system described by the mean-field equations one can in principle prepare initial conditions to obtain a desired rotational direction. In contrast, this is not possible in the stochastic description. However, for both cases one can achieve rotational directionality by changing the geometry of the rotor. By scanning the space formed by the relevant geometric parameters we find optimal geometries, while fixing the dissipation and driving parameters. Remarkably, in the hopping process approach perfect rotational directionality is possible for a large range of geometries.
The statistical analysis of the dynamical evolution of the open clusters
Creators: name: Maurya, Jayanand
name: Joshi, Y. C.
name: Samal, Manash Ranjan
name: Rawat, Vineet
name: Gour, Anubha Singh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the dynamical evolution of ten open clusters which were part of our previous studies. These clusters include both young and intermediate-age open clusters with ages ranging from 25$\pm$19 Myr to 1.78$\pm$0.20 Gyr. The total mass of these clusters ranges from 356.18$\pm$142.90 to 1811.75$\pm$901.03 M$_{\odot}$. The Galactocentric distances to the clusters are in the range of 8.91$\pm$0.02 to 11.74$\pm$0.18 kpc. The study is based on the ground-based UBVRI data supplemented by the astrometric data from the Gaia archive. We studied the minimum spanning tree of the member stars for these clusters. The mass segregation in these clusters was quantified by mass segregation ratios calculated from the mean edge length obtained through the minimum spanning tree. The clusters NGC 2360, NGC 1960, IC 1442, King 21, and SAI 35 have $Γ_{MSR}$ to be 1.65$\pm$0.18, 1.94$\pm$0.22, 2.21$\pm$0.20, 1.84$\pm$0.23, and 1.96$\pm$0.25, respectively which indicate moderate mass segregation in these clusters. The remaining five clusters are found to exhibit weak or no mass segregation. We used the ratio of half mass radius to the tidal radius i.e. R$_{h}$/R$_{t}$ to investigate the effect of the tidal interactions on the cluster structure and dynamics. The ratios of half mass radii to tidal radii are found to be positively correlated with the Galactocentric distances with a linear slope of 0.06$\pm$0.01 having linear regression coefficient r-square = 0.93 for the clusters.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
Particle-in-Cell Simulations of Relativistic Magnetic Reconnection with Advanced Maxwell Solver Algorithms
Creators: name: Klion, Hannah
name: Jambunathan, Revathi
name: Rowan, Michael E.
name: Yang, Eloise
name: Willcox, Donald
name: Vay, Jean-Luc
name: Lehe, Remi
name: Myers, Andrew
name: Huebl, Axel
name: Zhang, Weiqun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Relativistic magnetic reconnection is a non-ideal plasma process that is a source of non-thermal particle acceleration in many high-energy astrophysical systems. Particle-in-cell (PIC) methods are commonly used for simulating reconnection from first principles. While much progress has been made in understanding the physics of reconnection, especially in 2D, the adoption of advanced algorithms and numerical techniques for efficiently modeling such systems has been limited. With the GPU-accelerated PIC code WarpX, we explore the accuracy and potential performance benefits of two advanced Maxwell solver algorithms: a non-standard finite difference scheme (CKC) and an ultrahigh-order pseudo-spectral method (PSATD). We find that for the relativistic reconnection problem, CKC and PSATD qualitatively and quantitatively match the standard Yee-grid finite-difference method. CKC and PSATD both admit a time step that is 40% longer than Yee, resulting in a ~40% faster time to solution for CKC, but no performance benefit for PSATD when using a current deposition scheme that satisfies Gauss's law. Relaxing this constraint maintains accuracy and yields a 30% speedup. Unlike Yee and CKC, PSATD is numerically stable at any time step, allowing for a larger time step than with the finite-difference methods. We found that increasing the time step 2.4-3 times over the standard Yee step still yields accurate results, but only translates to modest performance improvements over CKC due to the current deposition scheme used with PSATD. Further optimization of this scheme will likely improve the effective performance of PSATD.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures. Submitted to ApJ
Potential of Constraining Propagation Parameters of Galactic Cosmic Rays with the High Energy cosmic-Radiation Detection facility onboard China's Space Station
Creators: name: Xu, Zhi-Hui
name: Yuan, Qiang
name: Tang, Zhi-Cheng
name: Bi, Xiao-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Precise measurements of the spectra of secondary and primary cosmic rays are crucial for understanding the origin and propagation of those energetic particles. The High Energy cosmic-Radiation Detection (HERD) facility onboard China`s Space Station, which is expected to operate in 2027, will push the direct measurements of cosmic ray fluxes precisely up to PeV energies. In this work, we investigate the potential of HERD on studying the propagation of cosmic rays using the measurements of boron, carbon, and oxygen spectra. We find that, compared with the current results, the new HERD measurements can improve the accuracy of the propagation parameters by 8\% to 40\%. The constraints on the injection spectra at high energies will also be improved.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Are Early Pregnancy Blood Pressure Patterns a Crystal Ball for Predicting Preeclampsia and Gestational Hypertension?
Creators: name: Ackerman, William
name: Buhimschi, Irina
name: Buhimschi, Catalin
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 32
subject: Biomedical and clinical sciences
classificationCode: 3215
subject: Reproductive medicine
classificationCode: 3201
subject: Cardiovascular medicine and haematology

description: No description supplied
A non-singular bouncing cosmology in $ f(R,T) $ gravity
Creators: name: Singh, J. K.
name: Shaily
name: Singh, Akanksha
name: Beesham, Aroonkumar
name: Shabani, Hamid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a bounce realization in the framework of higher order curvature in $ f(R,T) $ modified theory of gravity. We perform a detailed analysis of the cosmological parameters to explain the contraction phase, the bounce phase, and the expansion phase. Furthermore, we observe a violation of the null energy condition, instability of the model, and a singularity upon deceleration at the bouncing point, which are the supporting results for a bouncing cosmology. The outcome of the slow roll parameters is satisfactory to understand the inflation era and the equation of state parameter exhibits a ghost condensate behavior of the model near the bounce. Additionally, we discuss the stability of the model using linear perturbations in the Hubble parameter as well as the energy density.
description: 15 pages, 16 figures
Impact of Mobility on the Sum Rate of NB-OFDMA Based Mobile IoT Networks
Creators: name: Jiao, Chunxu
name: Zhang, Zhaoyang
name: Zhong, Caijun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In future Internet of Things (IoT) networks, the explosive growth of mobile devices compel us to reconsider the effectiveness of the current frequency-division multiple access (FDMA) schemes. Devices' differentiated mobility features and diversified scattering environments make it more complicated to characterize the multi-user interference. In this paper, we thoroughly analyze the impacts of devices' mobility on the inter-sub-carrier interference (ICI) in an IoT system based on the 3GPP narrow-band orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (NB-OFDMA) protocol, and obtain the relationship between the system sum-rate and devices' mobility. Our results may shed some lights on the system design under the mobile scenarios.
description: This paper will be presented in IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC) 2016
Survey on the situation of professors at a technical university in Germany. Questionnaire (English version)
Creators: name: Geisler, Helena
name: Löther, Andrea
name: Steinweg, Nina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Fragebogen
Questionnaire
Befragung
Survey
Arbeits- und Organisationsklima
Climate survey
Arbeitsatmosphäre
Working atmosphere
Arbeitssituation
Work situation
Diskriminierung
Discrimination
Geschlechterungleichheiten
Gender inequality
Gleichstellung
Gender Equality
Hochschule
Higher Education

description: This English questionnaire is based on the German version (Geisler et al. 2022). The German version was constructed by CEWS (GESIS—Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences, Center of Excellence Women and Science) for the online survey in the context of the study to evaluate the current situation of women professors at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT). The main focus of the online survey of all professors at KIT was the evaluation of the experienced work situation and working atmosphere. For this purpose, the general conditions of the professorship were surveyed, in particular the resources available, appointment/tenure negotiations and time allocation. On the other hand, the survey asked about satisfaction with the work situation, sources of stress and energy, and the experienced working atmosphere, in particular about experienced recognition, preferential treatment and discrimination. In this document, the questions of the English questionnaire are supplemented by the notes on programming and coding and by references to similar (German and English) questions from other surveys in the field of higher education and science research.
description: Questionnaire Work situation Working atmosphere University Professors
description: {"references": ["German Questionnaire: Geisler, Helena, L\u00f6ther, Andrea, & Steinweg, Nina. (2022). Umfrage zur Situation von Professor*innen an einer technischen Hochschule in Deutschland. Fragebogen (deutsche Version). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7023258"]}
SiPM Signal Processing via Multiple Linear Regression
Creators: name: Schmailzl, Wolfgang
name: Piemonte, Claudio
name: Garutti, Erika
name: Hansch, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents a novel approach using multiple linear regression to process transient signals from silicon photomultipliers. The method provides excellent noise suppression and pulse detection in scenarios with a high pulse count rate and superimposed pulses. Insights into its implementation and benchmark results are presented. We also show how this approach can be used to automatically detect the pulse shape from a given transient signal, providing good detection for count rates up to 90MHz. Experimental data are used to present an application where this algorithm improves charge spectrum resolution by an order of magnitude.
title: High-entropy spinel-structure oxides as oxygen evolution reaction electrocatalyst
Creators: name: Stenzel, David
name: Zhou, Bei
name: Okafor, Chukwudalu
name: Kante, Mohana Veeraju
name: Lin, Ling
name: Melinte, Georgian
name: Bergfeldt, Thomas
name: Botros, Miriam
name: Hahn, Horst
name: Breitung, Ben
name: Schweidler, Simon
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2022

description: High-entropy oxides are an upcoming research topic due to their broad range of possible crystal structures and applications. In this work, we want to present the change in the catalytic properties when using different elements to create a high-entropy spinel. Therefore, we used the nebulized-spray pyrolysis to synthesize the high-entropy spinel (Mn₀.₂Fe₀.₂Ni₀.₂Mg₀.₂Zn₀.₂)₃O₄ and later on exchanged the Mg or the Zn with elements with multiple possible oxidation states, in our example each with Cr or Co. The phase purity, morphology, microstructure and homogeneity were investigated by XRD, SEM and STEM-EDX. Their electrocatalytic performance and stability was measured via oxygen evolution reaction and cyclic voltammetry and compared to IrO₂, used as reference. The best performance of the synthesized materials was achieved by (Mn₀.₂Fe₀.₂Ni₀.₂Mg₀.₂Cr₀.₂)₃O₄.
Calibrating the absorption imaging of cold atoms under high magnetic fields
Creators: name: Liu, Yuqi
name: Zhang, Zhongchi
name: Miao, Shiwan
name: Zhao, Zihan
name: Wang, Huaichuan
name: Chen, Wenlan
name: Hu, Jiazhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a theoretical model for calibrating the absorption imaging of cold atoms under high magnetic fields. Comparing to zero or low magnetic fields, the efficiency of the absorption imaging becomes lower while it requires an additional correction factor to obtain the absolute atom number under the Beer-Lambert law. Our model is based on the rate equations and can account many experimental imperfections such as Zeeman level crossing, failures of hyperfine structures, off-resonant couplings, and low repumping efficiency, etc. Based on this method, we can precisely calculate the correction factor for atom number measurement without any empirical or fitting parameters. Meanwhile, we use a cold-atom apparatus of rubidium-85 to experimentally verify our model. Besides these, we find our work can also serve as a benchmark to measure the polarization impurity of a circular-polarized laser beam with high sensitivities. We believe this work will bring convenience for most of cold-atom experiments using absorption imaging.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Empirical Exploration of Zone-by-zone Energy Flexibility: a Non-intrusive Load Disaggregation Approach for Commercial Buildings
Creators: name: Hu, Maomao
name: Rajagopal, Ram
name: de Chalendar, Jacques A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Building energy flexibility has been increasingly demonstrated as a cost-effective solution to respond to the needs of energy networks, including electric grids and district cooling and heating systems, improving the integration of intermittent renewable energy sources. Adjusting zonal temperature set-points is one of the most promising measures to unlock the energy flexibility potential of central air conditioning systems in complex commercial buildings. However, most existing studies focused on quantifying the energy flexibility on the building level since only building-level energy consumption is normally metered in commercial buildings. This study aims to investigate the impacts of temperature set-point adjustment strategies on zone-level thermal and energy performance by developing a non-intrusive data-driven load disaggregation method (i.e., a virtual zonal power meter). Three university buildings in Northern California were selected to test the proposed load disaggregation method. We found that heterogeneities of energy use and energy flexibility existed across not only buildings but also air handling units (AHUs) and zones. Moreover, a small number of zones accounted for a large amount of energy use and energy flexibility; and the most energy-intensive zones are not necessarily the most energy-flexible zones. For the three tested buildings, the top 30% most energy-intensive zones accounted for around 60% of the total energy use; and the top 30% most energy-flexible zones provided around 80% of the total energy flexibility. The proposed method enables the electric grid or district energy system operators to regard the controlled energy-flexible entities as a fleet of AHUs or zones instead of a fleet of buildings and helps unlock the possibility for targeted demand flexibility strategies that balance zone-by-zone energy reduction with zone-by-zone costs to occupants.
description: 33 pages, 18 figures
Cross-beam energy transfer in conditions relevant to direct-drive implosions on OMEGA
Creators: name: Nguyen, K. L.
name: Yin, L.
name: Albright, B. J.
name: Edgell, D. H.
name: Follett, R. K.
name: Turnbull, D.
name: Froula, D. H.
name: Palastro, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In cross-beam energy transfer (CBET), the interference of two laser beams ponderomotively drives an ion-acoustic wave that coherently scatters light from one beam into the other. This redirection of laser beam energy can severely inhibit the performance of direct-drive inertial confinement fusion (ICF) implosions. To assess the role of nonlinear and kinetic processes in direct-drive-relevant CBET, the energy transfer between two laser beams in the plasma conditions of an ICF implosion at the OMEGA laser facility was modeled using particle-in-cell simulations. For typical laser beam intensities, the simulations are in excellent agreement with linear kinetic theory, indicating that nonlinear processes do not play a role in direct-drive implosions. At higher intensities, CBET can be modified by pump depletion, backward stimulated Raman scattering, or ion trapping, depending on the plasma density.
Consequences of an Abelian $Z'$ for neutrino oscillations and dark matter
Creators: name: Plestid, Ryan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Standard Model's accidental and anomaly-free currents: $B-L$, $L_e-L_μ$, $L_e-L_τ$, and $L_μ-L_τ$, could be indicative of a hidden gauge structure beyond the Standard Model. Additionally, neutrino masses can be generated by a dimension-5 operator that generically breaks all of these symmetries. It is therefore important to investigate the compatibility of a gauged $U'(1)$ and neutrino phenomenology. We consider gauging each of the symmetries above with a minimal extended matter content. This includes the $Z'$, an order parameter to break the $U'(1)$, and three right-handed neutrinos. We find all but $B-L$ require additional matter content to explain the measured neutrino oscillation parameters. We also discuss the compatibility of the measured neutrino textures with a non-thermal dark matter production mechanism involving the decay of the $Z'$. Finally, we present a parametric relation that implies that a sterile neutrino dark matter candidate should not be expected to contribute to neutrino masses beyond ten parts per million.
description: 9 pages