cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
One Class Support Vector Machines for Detecting Anomalous Windows Registry Accesses
Creators: name: Heller, Katherine
name: Svore, Krysta
name: Keromytis, Angelos D.
name: Stolfo, Salvatore
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Computer science

description: We present a new Host-based Intrusion Detection System (IDS) that monitors accesses to the Microsoft Windows Registry using Registry Anomaly Detection (RAD). Our system uses a one class Support Vector Machine (OCSVM) to detect anomalous registry behavior by training on a dataset of normal registry accesses. It then uses this model to detect outliers in new (unclassified) data generated from the same system. Given the success of OCSVMs in other applications, we apply them to the Windows Registry anomaly detection problem. We compare our system to the RAD system using the Probabilistic Anomaly Detection (PAD) algorithm on the same dataset. Surprisingly, we find that PAD outperforms our OCSVM system due to properties of the hierarchical prior incorporated in the PAD algorithm. In the future, these properties may be used to develop an improved kernel and increase the performance of the OCSVM system.
title: An investigation into the use of collaborative online documents to promote critical reflection in trainee teachers
Creators: name: Asprey, E.J
Publisher: name: Bath Spa University
Year: 2019

description: This thesis reports an investigation of the nature of trainee teachers’ critical reflections in collaborative online weekly reviews and the contribution made by interactions with a university tutor and the affordances of the technology used. The study draws on three principal areas of literature and theory: the nature and process of learning; workplace learning; and critical reflection. Each area includes the role and influence of online technologies. These principal areas are used to interpret the data and ultimately support the development of an evaluative continuum. The data comprises reflective weekly reviews written by trainee teachers engaged in the primary and early years PGCE programme of Initial Teacher Education at a university in England. The reviews are online documents that are created and owned by the trainee but shared with and editable by the trainee’s university tutor and school-based mentor. Recursive methods of analysis, involving constant movement between the data and the researcher’s interpretations, have been used to ensure rigour in the construction of codes and themes from the data. The findings are that trainees’ critical reflections consisted of: questioning of their own learning, practice and assumptions; taking a wider view by engaging with broader perspectives; considering and articulating their understanding of learning and teaching; and taking responsibility for professional development and practice. Analysis of the data shows that critical reflection can be promoted by tutors’ use of collaborative online documents to support these processes through dialogue and that collaborative online documents afford the making of connections in learning across school and university-based contexts. The resulting continuum of expansive-restrictive learning in collaborative online environments in ITE has implications for teacher educators as it could be used to inform the introduction and evaluation of the use of collaborative online documents to facilitate trainees’ critical reflections.
Massive Hermitian Gravity
Creators: name: Chamseddine, Ali H.
name: Mukhanov, Viatcheslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Einstein-Strauss Hermitian gravity was recently formulated as a gauge theory where the tangent group is taken to be the pseudo-unitary group instead of the orthogonal group. A Higgs mechanism for massive gravity was also formulated. We generalize this construction to obtain massive Hermitian gravity with the use of a complex Higgs multiplet. We show that both the graviton and antisymmetric tensor acquire the same mass. At the linearized level, the theory is ghost free around Minkowski background and describes a massive graviton with five degrees of freedom and an antisymmetric field with three degrees of of freedom. We determine the strong coupling scales for these degrees of freedom and argue that the potential nonlinear ghosts, if they exist, have to decouple from the gravitational degrees of freedom in strong coupling regime.
description: 10 pages
Modeling adaptation behavior to driving simulators and effect of experimental practice on research validity
Creators: name: Sahami, Saeed
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Driving simulators provide a safe and controllable environment, where different aspects of driving can be analyzed without risking other road users’ safety. However, as simulators cannot precisely replicate real-life scenarios, there has been an ongoing debate about how well the results of simulator studies can be generalized to the actual world. Many studies have compared the outcomes of field experiments and those involving their simulated counterparts in order to test the validity of the research on driving simulators. In nearly all cases, however, the researchers made comparisons without analyzing the underlying psychological explanations behind potential differences. This thesis will discuss why adaptation, or the process by which participants learn how to interact with a simulator, is an important precondition of validity in simulator experiments. Data collected from several experiments revealed that adaptation can distract participants from performing the main task and can systematically bias the results of the experiments. The current study demonstrated that although most researchers provide a practice session before the main scenario, there is no unified approach to determine the characteristics of practice scenarios. The practice sessions vary greatly both in duration and form; and no method has been formulated to verify that a participant has in fact adapted at the end of the practice session. To address these shortcomings, this thesis provides a methodology that mathematically models the learning pattern of subjects to steering and pedals, which can also help identify the adapted and non-adapted subjects at the conclusion of practice scenarios. A comparison of the results of two groups of subjects (control and experiment) showed that adaptation to a driving simulator is largely task-independent. This study analyzed the effect of the practice scenario design on the performance of participants in the main task, which led to the observation that during the main scenario participants tend to continue focusing on the subskills they learned during the practice scenario. Based on the results of these experiments, the thesis provides recommendations on how to measure adaptation and also how to improve the quality of the practice scenario design to minimize any unwanted impact on the main scenario.
The Halo Bispectrum in N-body Simulations with non-Gaussian Initial Conditions
Creators: name: Sefusatti, Emiliano
name: Crocce, Martin
name: Desjacques, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present measurements of the bispectrum of dark matter halos in numerical simulations with non-Gaussian initial conditions of the local type. We show, in the first place, that the overall effect of primordial non-Gaussianity on the halo bispectrum is larger than on the halo power spectrum when all measurable configurations are taken into account. We then compare our measurements with a tree-level perturbative prediction finding good agreement at large scale when the constant Gaussian bias parameter, both linear and quadratic, and their constant non-Gaussian corrections are fitted for. The best-fit values of the Gaussian bias factors and their non-Gaussian, scale-independent corrections are in qualitative agreement with the peak-background split expectations. In particular, we show that the effect of non-Gaussian initial conditions on squeezed configurations is fairly large (up to 30% for f_NL=100 at redshift z=0.5) and results from contributions of similar amplitude induced by the initial matter bispectrum, scale-dependent bias corrections as well as from nonlinear matter bispectrum corrections. We show, in addition, that effects at second order in f_NL are irrelevant for the range of values allowed by CMB and galaxy power spectrum measurements, at least on the scales probed by our simulations. Finally, we present a Fisher matrix analysis to assess the possibility of constraining primordial non-Gaussianity with future measurements of the galaxy bispectrum. We find that a survey with a volume of about 10 cubic Gpc at mean redshift z ~ 1 could provide an error on f_NL of the order of a few. This shows the relevance of a joint analysis of galaxy power spectrum and bispectrum in future redshift surveys.
description: 37 pages, 15 figures
Notes on Estate Taxes, Redistribution, and the Concept of Balanced Growth Path Incidence
Creators: name: Stiglitz, Joseph E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1978
Subjects: Economics
Public policy (Law)

description: This paper shows that, because of capital accumulation effects, the estate tax may increase inequality of income and wealth. If the government takes actions to offset these accumulation effects, the tax will lead to an increase in equality of income and wealth. More generally, the paper argues that to evaluate the incidence of a tax in a growth context, one should compare policy changes which leave the aggregate capital labor ratio unchanged; we call this balanced growth incidence. But even with the capital labor ratio remaining unchanged, the estate tax may increase inequality in the distribution of consumption.
MOESM2 of Transcriptional network analysis on brains reveals a potential regulatory role of PPP1R3F in autism spectrum disorders
Creators: name: Doostparast Torshizi, Abolfazl
name: Duan, Jubao
name: Wang, Kai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 4. Supplementary figures.
Inscription recording construction of a sphaeristrium by a father and son
Creators: name: Prag, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sicily
subject: epigraphy
subject: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300138808
subject: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/462492

description: TEI EpiDoc record
A colimit decomposition for homotopy algebras in Cat
Creators: name: Bourke, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18D05, 55P99

description: Badzioch showed that in the category of simplicial sets each homotopy algebra of a Lawvere theory is weakly equivalent to a strict algebra. In seeking to extend this result to other contexts Rosicky observed a key point to be that each homotopy colimit in simplicial sets admits a decomposition into a homotopy sifted colimit of finite coproducts, and asked the author whether a similar decomposition holds in the 2-category of categories Cat. Our purpose in the present paper is to show that this is the case.
description: Some notation changed; small amount of exposition added in intro
Atoms in Flight and the Remarkable Connections between Atomic and Hadronic Physics
Creators: name: Brodsky, Stanley J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atomic physics and hadron physics are both based on Yang Mills gauge theory; in fact, quantum electrodynamics can be regarded as the zero-color limit of quantum chromodynamics. I review a number of areas where the techniques of atomic physics provide important insight into the theory of hadrons in QCD. For example, the Dirac-Coulomb equation, which predicts the spectroscopy and structure of hydrogenic atoms, has an analog in hadron physics in the form of light-front relativistic equations of motion which give a remarkable first approximation to the spectroscopy, dynamics, and structure of light hadrons. The renormalization scale for the running coupling, which is unambiguously set in QED, leads to a method for setting the renormalization scale in QCD. The production of atoms in flight provides a method for computing the formation of hadrons at the amplitude level. Conversely, many techniques which have been developed for hadron physics, such as scaling laws, evolution equations, and light-front quantization have equal utility for atomic physics, especially in the relativistic domain. I also present a new perspective for understanding the contributions to the cosmological constant from QED and QCD.
description: Presented at EXA2011, the International Conference on Exotic Atoms and Related Topics, Vienna, September 5-9, 2011
Next generation Advanced Laser Fluorometry (ALF) for characterization of natural aquatic environments: new instruments
Creators: name: Chekalyuk, Alexander M.
name: Hafez, Mark A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mechanical engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: Chemical oceanography

description: The new optical design allows single- or multi-wavelength excitation of laser-stimulated emission (LSE), provides optimized LSE optical collection for spectral and temporal analyses, and incorporates swappable modules for flow-through and small-volume sample measurements. The basic instrument configuration uses 510 nm laser excitation for assessments of chlorophyll-a, phycobiliprotein pigments, variable fluorescence (F_v/F_m) and chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in CDOM-rich waters. The three-laser instrument configuration (375, 405, and 510 nm excitation) provides additional Fv/Fm measurements with 405 nm excitation, CDOM assessments in a broad concentration range, and potential for spectral discrimination between oil and CDOM fluorescence. The new measurement protocols, analytical algorithms and examples of laboratory and field measurements are discussed.
D1.4 Data Management Plan, update 1
Creators: name: Andersson, Sebastian
name: Braun, Sabine
name: Carrive, Jean
name: Hirvonen, Maija
name: Kiiskinen, Harri
name: Lindh-Knuutila, Tiina
name: Kurimo, Mikko
name: Laaksonen, Jorma
name: Saarikoski, Lauri
name: Tiittula, Liisa
name: Troncy, Raphaël
name: Van Rijsselbergen, Dieter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: data management

description: This document describes the data management processes in the project Methods for Managing Audiovisual Data: Combining Automatic Efficiency with Human Accuracy (MeMAD). This is the second, updated version of the data management plan. Overall focus of the document has been moved from individual partners to consolidated project-based descriptions. Practices defined during the first half of the project have been described, references to metadata and data repositories have been added.
title: How is a resource for changing teachers’ assessment practice in primary science successfully disseminated, shared and enacted within a primary school?
Creators: name: Hopwood-Stephens, I
Publisher: name: Bath Spa University
Year: 2019

description: Many researchers in the field of education aim to inform and improve the pedagogical practice of in-service practitioners through the successful dissemination of their research outputs. Commonly used modes for dissemination include online availability and face-to-face presentation. It is not known which dissemination modes are most effective for a research team, nor what social learning opportunities, characteristics within a teacher workforce, or wider workplace factors might influence how practitioners respond to and engage with such research outputs. This three-part mixed methods study addresses these wider issues through the evaluation of the dissemination of the TAPS pyramid, a resource designed to help primary practitioners to evaluate and improve their assessment practice in primary science. It is situated within sociocultural assumptions of learning as a socially constructed process and draws upon King’s (2003) three levels of dissemination activity as a theoretical framework. Quantitative analyses of download and dissemination event data demonstrate a positive interaction between both online dissemination and dissemination by event; analyses of survey data show variation in engagement with the resource based on job role and experience; expansive workplace characteristics are shown to be significantly linked to reports of whole school use; transactional communication is shown to enable the transfer of new knowledge; and informal learning contacts are valued by participants. The findings are used to elaborate King’s model of dissemination by specifying the activities, inhibitors and enablers of dissemination for action. It is concluded that dissemination of research outputs is facilitated by interactive communication at each stage, entails formal and informal learning opportunities, and its success can be enhanced by the evaluative and leadership skills of the knowledge broker, as well as the wider characteristics of the school as a workplace.
Prioritäten & Allianzen auf dem Weg in eine gute Zukunft (SDG 13, 15 & 17)
Creators: name: Hagedorn, Gregor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Sustainability; Crisis; Solutions; Biodiversity

description: The Presentation regarding SDGs 13, 15 and 17 was given on 24. January 2019 as part of the transdisciplinary lecture program for Sustainability at Free University, Berlin, Germany

GERMAN: Vortrag zu den UN Nachhaltigkeitszielen 13, 15 und 17 am 24.1.2019 im Rahmen der transdisziplinären Ringvorlesung Nachhaltigkeit der Freien Universität Berlin.
Moisture Modes and the Eastward Propagation of the MJO
Creators: name: Sobel, Adam H.
name: Maloney, Eric
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Atmosphere
Hydrology

description: The authors discuss modifications to a simple linear model of intraseasonal moisture modes. Wind–evaporation feedbacks were shown in an earlier study to induce westward propagation in an eastward mean low-level flow in this model. Here additional processes, which provide effective sources of moist static energy to the disturbances and which also depend on the low-level wind, are considered. Several processes can act as positive sources in perturbation easterlies: zonal advection (if the mean zonal moisture gradient is eastward), modulation of synoptic eddy drying by the MJO-scale wind perturbations, and frictional convergence. If the sum of these is stronger than the wind–evaporation feedback—as observations suggest may be the case, though with considerable uncertainty—the model produces unstable modes that propagate weakly eastward relative to the mean flow. With a small amount of horizontal diffusion or other scale-selective damping, the growth rate is greatest at the largest horizontal scales and decreases monotonically with wavenumber.
Tight lower bound on geometric discord of bipartite states
Creators: name: Rana, Swapan
name: Parashar, Preeti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use singular value decomposition to derive a tight lower bound for geometric discord of arbitrary bipartite states. In a single shot this also leads to an upper bound of measurement-induced non locality which in turn yields that for Werner and isotropic states the two measures coincide. We also emphasize that our lower bound is saturated for all $2\otimes n$ states. Using this we show that both the generalized Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger and $W$ states of $N$ qubits satisfy monogamy of geometric discord. Indeed, the same holds for all $N$-qubit pure states which are equivalent to $W$ states under stochastic local operations and classical communication. We show by giving an example that not all pure states of four or higher qubits satisfy monogamy.
description: 4 pages
D1.1 Data Management Plan v1.0
Creators: name: Andersson, Sebastian
name: Braun, Sabine
name: Carrive, Jean
name: Hirvonen, Maija
name: Kiiskinen, Harri
name: Lindh-Knuutila, Tiina
name: Kurimo, Mikko
name: Laaksonen, Jorma
name: Saarikoski, Lauri
name: Troncy, Raphaël
name: Van Rijsselbergen, Dieter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: data management

description: This document describes the data management processes in the project Methods for Managing Audiovisual Data: Combining Automatic Efficiency with Human Accuracy (MeMAD).
title: "Never to be yourself and yet always": taking the feminist personal essay from clickbait to craft
Creators: name: Harding, K
Publisher: name: Bath Spa University
Year: 2019

description: Through practice-based research, I sought to determine what for me has become an urgent question about the craft of a personal essay. What, I ask, distinguishes the tradition of Montaigne from essays that, as Bennett (2015) puts it, “make a show of maximal divulgence, but are too half-baked and dashed-off to do the work of real introspection”? In ten personal essays, I explore themes of personhood and dehumanization through the lens of living in a particular body (fat, female, infertile, over-forty) in a particular time and place (Trump’s America). In the contextualizing exegesis that accompanies my essay collection, I ask where the crucial distinctions between “clickbait” and craft lie, frequently examining my own practice and development in ways that I hope will be useful to other writers.
Metabolic changes in patients with bipolar disorder in spring
Creators: name: Liu, Xinzi
name: Feng, Sitong
name: Li, Ziyan
name: Zheng, Sisi
name: Zhu, Hong
name: Yin, Dongqing
name: Li, Xue
name: Jia, Hongxiao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health
subject: Computational Biology

description: Bipolar disorder (BD) is a common mental condition with a seasonal pattern (SP) of onset. In the spring, there is a higher incidence rate of mania or mixed onset and suicide. However, the underlying mechanism of this SP remains unclear. In this study, targeted metabolomics was used to understand metabolic changes in patients with BD before and after the spring equinox. Nine patients with BD and matched healthy controls were tested for serum metabolomics at the spring equinox and 15 days before and after the spring equinox. The results showed that 27 metabolite levels changed significantly, three of which interacted between three time points and groups involving triglyceride (TG, 20:4_34:2), TG (20:4_34:3) and TG (16:0_36:6). The identified metabolic pathways mainly involved arginine biosynthesis, D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism, and nitrogen metabolism. Changes in solar radiation and lunar cycle during spring may be the external causes of metabolic changes. These findings help to further explore seasonal metabolic changes in patients with BD and provide insights into the mechanisms of patients’ emotional changes in spring.
Improving the Quality Factor of Microwave Compact Resonators by Optimizing their Geometrical Parameters
Creators: name: Geerlings, K.
name: Shankar, S.
name: Edwards, E.
name: Frunzio, L.
name: Schoelkopf, R. J.
name: Devoret, M. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Applications in quantum information processing and photon detectors are stimulating a race to produce the highest possible quality factor on-chip superconducting microwave resonators. We have tested the surface-dominated loss hypothesis by systematically studying the role of geometrical parameters on the internal quality factors of compact resonators patterned in Nb on sapphire. Their single-photon internal quality factors were found to increase with the distance between capacitor fingers, the width of the capacitor fingers, and the impedance of the resonator. Quality factors were improved from 210,000 to 500,000 at T = 200 mK. All of these results are consistent with our starting hypothesis.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Medical school gift restriction policies and physician prescribing of newly marketed psychotropic medications: difference-in-differences analysis
Creators: name: King, Marissa
name: Essick, Connor
name: Bearman, Peter Shawn
name: Ross, Joseph S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Medicine
Organizational behavior
Medical ethics

description: Objective: To examine the effect of attending a medical school with an active policy on restricting gifts from representatives of pharmaceutical and device industries on subsequent prescribing behavior. Design: Difference-in-differences approach. Setting: 14 US medical schools with an active gift restriction policy in place by 2004. Participants: Prescribing patterns in 2008 and 2009 of physicians attending one of the schools compared with physicians graduating from the same schools before the implementation of the policy, as well as a set of contemporary matched controls. Main outcome measure: Probability that a physician would prescribe a newly marketed medication over existing alternatives of three psychotropic classes: lisdexamfetamine among stimulants, paliperidone among antipsychotics, and desvenlafaxine among antidepressants. None of these medications represented radical breakthroughs in their respective classes. Results: For two of the three medications examined, attending a medical school with an active gift restriction policy was associated with reduced prescribing of the newly marketed drug. Physicians who attended a medical school with an active conflict of interest policy were less likely to prescribe lisdexamfetamine over older stimulants (adjusted odds ratio 0.44, 95% confidence interval 0.22 to 0.88; P=0.02) and paliperidone over older antipsychotics (0.25, 0.07 to 0.85; P=0.03). A significant effect was not observed for desvenlafaxine (1.54, 0.79 to 3.03; P=0.20). Among cohorts of students who had a longer exposure to the policy or were exposed to more stringent policies, prescribing rates were further reduced. Conclusion: Exposure to a gift restriction policy during medical school was associated with reduced prescribing of two out of three newly introduced psychotropic medications.
On the distribution of the cardinalities of level sets of the Takagi function
Creators: name: Allaart, Pieter C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26A27 (Primary) 28A80 (Secondary)

description: Let T be Takagi's continuous but nowhere-differentiable function. It is known that almost all level sets (with respect to Lebesgue measure on the range of T) are finite. We show that the most common cardinality of the level sets of T is two, and investigate in detail the set of ordinates y such that the level set at level y has precisely two elements. As a by-product, we obtain a simple iterative procedure for solving the equation T(x)=y. We show further that any positive even integer occurs as the cardinality of some level set, and investigate which cardinalities occur with positive probability if an ordinate y is chosen at random from the range of T. The key to the results is a system of set equations for the level sets, which are derived from the partial self-similarity of T. These set equations yield a system of linear relationships between the cardinalities of level sets at various levels, from which all the results of this paper flow.
description: New title and some minor corrections; 27 pages, 1 figure
Modeling Dust Emission Response to North Atlantic Millennial-Scale Climate Variations from the Perspective of East European MIS 3 Loess Deposits
Creators: name: Sima, A.
name: Kageyama, M.
name: Rousseau, Denis-Didier
name: Ramstein, G.
name: Balkanski, Y.
name: Antoine, Pierre
name: Hatté, Christine
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Submarine geology
Climatic changes

description: European loess sequences of the Marine Isotope Stage 3 (~60–25 kyr BP) show periods of strong dust accumulation alternating with episodes of reduced sedimentation, favoring soil development. In the western part of the loess belt centered around 50° N, these variations appear to have been related to the North Atlantic rapid climate changes: the Dansgaard–Oeschger (DO) and Heinrich (H) events. It has been recently suggested that the North Atlantic climate signal can be detected further east, in loess deposits from Stayky (50°05.65' N, 30°53.92' E), Ukraine. Here we use climate and dust emission modeling to investigate this data interpretation. We focus on the areas north and northeast of the Carpathians, where loess deposits can be found, and the corresponding main dust sources must have been located as well. The simulations were performed with the LMDZ atmospheric general circulation model and the ORCHIDEE land surface model. They represent a reference "Greenland stadial" state and two perturbations, seen as sensitivity tests with respect to changes in the North Atlantic surface conditions between 30° and 63° N: a "Greenland interstadial" and an "H event". The main source for the loess deposits in the studied area is identified as a dust deflation band, with two very active spots located west-northwest from our reference site. Emissions only occur between February and June. Differences from one deflation spot to another, and from one climate state to another, are explained by analyzing the relevant meteorological and surface variables. Over most of the source region, the annual emission fluxes in the "interstadial" experiment are 30 to 50% lower than the "stadial" values; they would only be about 20% lower if the inhibition of dust uplift by the vegetation were not taken into account. Assuming that lower emissions result in reduced dust deposition leads us to the conclusion that the loess–paleosol stratigraphic succession in the Stayky area reflects indeed North Atlantic millennial variations. In the main deflation areas of Western Europe, the vegetation effect alone determined most of the (~50% on average) stadial–interstadial flux differences. Even if its impact in Eastern Europe is less pronounced, this effect remains a key factor in modulating aeolian emissions at the millennial timescale. Conditions favorable to initiating particularly strong dust storms within a few hundred kilometers upwind from our reference site, simulated in the month of April of the H event experiment, support the correlation of H events with peaks in grain size index in some very detailed loess profiles, indicating increased coarse sedimentation.
title: 'The short knife', a novel for young people & Contextualising commentary - Liminal language: the poetics and power dynamics of Welsh-English transnational creativity in 'The short knife'
Creators: name: Caldecott, E
Publisher: name: Bath Spa University
Year: 2019

description: This critical commentary makes explicit some of the implicit ideas of the accompanying novel for young people, 'The Short Knife'. The two parts should be read together, as a piece of Arts Praxis research. There are four sections to the commentary, mirroring the narrative journey of the novel's main character. Each section develops in a dialogue between critical reflection, creative writing, and the conceptual framework of both transnational creativity and writing for young adults, including reference to other texts, notably 'Sweet Pizza' by G.R.Gemin and 'The Curious Tale of the Lady Caraboo' by Catherine Johnson. The section entitled "Protected" sets out the poetics of the novel; the moments of position enunciation that led to the creation - by the use of transnational creativity - of a unique voice. I sought to find a liminal space between Welsh and English that would seem simultaneously familiar and alien to both English-only and bilingual readers. The resultant voice is a new contribution to knowledge in the field of creative writing. The sections "Disrupted" and "Confined" deal with the discovery and emergent implications of my poetics. Significant insights were gleaned by applying techniques inspired by transnational creativity explicitly to writing for young people. Themes developed demonstrating the commonalities of the two writing forms, which can be harnessed by creative writers wishing to enrich their writing for young adults. These themes include: determining in-group or out-group status; personal identity; balance of power, and, most significantly for me while writing 'The Short Knife', betrayal. "Fledged" explores the synthesis of these themes, both within the novel and within myself, in my role as writer and guardian. The scope of this work is limited by the methodology which requires that the experience of the author remains central to the process. I have focused on betrayal because this was the most creatively useful emergent theme for me. However, I can see that there is potential for other effects to be dominant, if the approach were used by another author. I have also limited the discussion of power to the relationship between community and individual. I recognise that there are other power dynamics at play, especially that of gendered power. While this was considered during the writing process, it is not included here because of pressures of word count. The conclusion sets out the significance of these findings for other creative writers. Beyond the academic and artistic audience, however, I also hope that the creative work will have an impact on young readers in the process of negotiating their own coming of age.
Lexical choice for complex noun phrases: Structure, modifiers, and determiners
Creators: name: Elhadad, Michael
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1996
Subjects: Computer science

description: This paper presents a lexical choice component for complex noun phrases. We first explain why lexical choice for NPs deserves special attention within the standard pipeline architecture for a generator. The task of the lexical chooser for NPs is more complex than for clauses because the syntax of NPs is less understood than for clauses, and therefore, syntactic realization components, while they accept a predicate-argument structure as input for clauses, require a purely syntactic tree as input for NPs. The task of mapping conceptual relations to different syntactic modifiers is therefore left to the lexical chooser for NPs. The paper focuses on the syntagmatic aspect of lexical choice, identifying a process called “NP planning”. It focuses on a set of communicative goals that NPs can satisfy and specifies an interface between the different components of the generator and the lexical chooser. The technique presented for NP planning encapsulates a rich lexical knowledge and allows for the generation of a wide variety of syntactic constructions. It also allows for a large paraphrasing power because it dynamically maps conceptual information to various syntactic slots.
Lessons from the Global Financial Crisis of 2008
Creators: name: Stiglitz, Joseph E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Finance
Economics

description: This is a revised version of a lecture presented at Seoul National University on October 27, 2009. The author is indebted to Jill Blackford and Eamon Kircher-Allen for preparing the lecture for publication. The author is University Professor at Columbia Unversity, Chair of the Management Board and Director of Graduate Summer Programs at the Brooks World Poverty Institute at Manchester University, and co-president of the Initiative for Policy Dialogue. This lecture is based on research supported in part by the Ford and Hewlett Foundations. A fuller articulation of many of these ideas (and references to the research on which they are based) is contained in Freefall: America, Free Markets, and the Sinking of the Global Economy, New York: WW Norton, 2009.
Low-energy silicon allotropes with strong absorption in the visible for photovoltaic applications
Creators: name: Botti, Silvana
name: Flores-Livas, José A.
name: Amsler, Maximilian
name: Goedecker, Stefan
name: Marques, Miguel A. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present state-of-the-art first-principle calculations of the electronic and optical properties of silicon allotropes with interesting characteristics for applications in thin-film solar cells. These new phases consist of distorted sp$^3$ silicon networks and have a lower formation energy than other experimentally produced silicon phases. Some of these structures turned out to have quasi-direct and dipole-allowed band gaps in the range 0.8--1.5\,eV, and to display absorption coefficients comparable with those of chalcopyrites used in thin-film record solar cells.
description: submitted
Mechanisms of Asian Summer Monsoon Changes in Response to Anthropogenic Forcing in CMIP5 Models
Creators: name: Li, Xiaoqiong
name: Ting, Mingfang
name: Li, Cuihua
name: Henderson, Naomi L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Climatic changes
Nature--Effect of human beings on
Monsoons
Meteorology

description: Changes of the Asian summer monsoon in response to anthropogenic forcing are examined using observations and phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) multimodel, multirealization ensemble. In the twentieth century, CMIP5 models indicate a predominantly drying Asian monsoon, while in the twenty-first century under the representative concentration pathway 8.5 (RCP8.5) scenario, monsoon rainfall enhances across the entire Asian domain. The thermodynamic and dynamic mechanisms causing the changes are evaluated using specific humidity and winds, as well as the moisture budget. The drying trend in the CMIP5 historical simulations and the wetting trend in the RCP8.5 projections can be explained by the relative importance of dynamic and thermodynamic contributions to the total mean moisture convergence. While the thermodynamic mechanism dominates in the future, the historical rainfall changes are dominated by the changes in circulation. The relative contributions of aerosols and greenhouse gases (GHGs) on the historical monsoon change are further examined using CMIP5 single-forcing simulations. Rainfall reduces under aerosol forcing and increases under GHG forcing. Aerosol forcing dominates over the greenhouse effect during the historical period, leading to the general drying trend in the all-forcing simulations. While the thermodynamic change of mean moisture convergence in the all-forcing case is dominated by the GHG forcing, the dynamic change of mean moisture convergence in the all-forcing case is dominated by the aerosol forcing.
title: (Dis)enchantments and perambulations: 'walking-with' intangible cultural heritage, coerced walking and reluctant heritage
Creators: name: White, R
Publisher: name: Bath Spa University
Year: 2020

description: This submission presents findings and makings drawn from an emergent hybrid participatory walking and multi-media arts practice, contextualised within and around specific heritage narratives. The thesis features two walking arts case studies: "Honouring Esther" (2015-17), a project based on walking the route of a Nazi Death March, and "Sweet Waters" (2017), a cycle of walks exploring the legacies of slaveownership in Bath. In both case studies, registers of walking are juxtaposed in a creative exploration motivated by a social justice desire to realise agency in heritage as process. Honouring Esther represents an early iteration of walking-with exploring dissonant interventions to stimulate empathic dialogues. "Sweet Waters" develops a further iteration of the approach as a critical creative unsettling of an authorised heritage narrative. In the Humanities, an interest in affect, sensation and the corporeal, described broadly as the ‘affective’ turn, has unfolded a space valuing contributions from artistic practice. This Creative Practice as Research undertaken in that intradisciplinary space contributes to the ‘creative’ turn thus afforded; this is a walking arts engagement with the practices of heritage. The submission brings together activist concerns underpinned by a focus on the walking itself. Through developing an understanding of the somatic, embracing an alertness to the more-than-representational, a co-creative walking and multi-media approach has emerged. Attending to matter and the power of things, drawing on embodied experience and curated content, a critically questioning and retelling of heritage narratives begins. Grounded in the body and bodies in motion, walking and questioning, new knowledge and understandings are produced as part of an intangible cultural heritage process. Walkers become critical story carriers. The submission presents iterations of 'walking-with' as an emergent walking arts practice exploring particular heritage contexts. In these contexts 'walking-with' generates empathic dialogues and builds solidarity in attending to difficult, reluctant, heritages. In addition to indicating new directions for this creative practice and observations of possible interest to research in related fields, I propose 'walking-with' as a non-confrontational approach of potential value for working creatively with other dissonant and complex heritage narratives.
Funerary inscription for Marcus Avianius Pistianus, Maria Eupraxia and Marius Eutychianus
Creators: name: Prag, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sicily
subject: epigraphy
subject: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300138808
subject: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/462492

description: TEI EpiDoc record
Meaning-Text-Theory and Lexical Frames
Creators: name: Coyne, Bob
name: Rambow, Owen
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Computer science

description: We discuss the relationship between FrameNet and Meaning-Text Theory. We propose that the notion of frame can be used in MTT in order to give the conversive lexical function both a broader and a more precise deﬁnition. We include a discussion of some issues related to importing the FrameNet lexicon to MTT.
title: Once upon the Civil War: monsters, magic, and making an American fairy tale
Creators: name: Kirchner, C
Publisher: name: Bath Spa University
Year: 2020

description: This thesis probes the process through which I utilized elements of fairy tale and folk tale in writing 'The Civil War Fairy Book', both a novel-in-fairy-tale and a retelling of Arthurian legend set in nineteenth-century America. Fairy tale is a genre traditionally associated with brevity, flat characterization, lack of detail, a placeless and timeless setting, and a happy ending. While I intend this thesis to serve as a toolkit for writers of fairy tale, the scope of this research means it cannot be exhaustive in terms of its coverage, nor do I wish to be prescriptive about the elements of fairy tale writers ought to consider in their work. Rather than providing a formal, critical analysis of the genre — a project that already fills volumes in libraries — I have instead engaged in a personal but intellectually informed reflection on my own process. This takes the form of a travel memoir that combines fairy tale theory, commentary on my own writing process, and chronicles of my research trip to Natchez, Mississippi. As daily travel diary, each of this thesis’ seven sections explores the ways I have stretched the edges of fairy story into a long work. The first section documents my process of writing a fairy tale with a specific setting while the second discusses my use of the fairy tale’s brief, repetitive structure in a novel. Section three details the creation of my protagonist as both round character and flat fairy tale hero. Section four records my experimentation with various points of view, and sections five, six and seven argue for the importance of magical transformation and black magic; examine fairy tale themes through a survey of scholarly approaches to the genre; and question the fairy tale’s traditionally happy endings, respectively. It is my hope that by sharing my journey, process and discoveries in writing a new American fairy tale, other writers may also create contemporary tales that push the boundaries of genre.
Anisotropic ferromagnetism in carbon doped zinc oxide from first-principles studies
Creators: name: Nayak, Sanjeev K.
name: Gruner, Markus E.
name: Sakong, Sung
name: Sil, Shreekantha
name: Kratzer, Peter
name: Behera, Surjyo N.
name: Entel, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A density functional theory study of substitutional carbon impurities in ZnO has been performed, using both the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) and a hybrid functional (HSE06) as exchange-correlation functional. It is found that the non-spinpolarized C$_\mathrm{Zn}$ impurity is under almost all conditions thermodynamically more stable than the C$_\mathrm{O}$ impurity which has a magnetic moment of $2μ_{\mathrm{B}}$, with the exception of very O-poor and C-rich conditions. This explains the experimental difficulties in sample preparation in order to realize $d^{0}$-ferromagnetism in C-doped ZnO. From GGA calculations with large 96-atom supercells, we conclude that two C$_\mathrm{O}$-C$_\mathrm{O}$ impurities in ZnO interact ferromagnetically, but the interaction is found to be short-ranged and anisotropic, much stronger within the hexagonal $ab$-plane of wurtzite ZnO than along the c-axis. This layered ferromagnetism is attributed to the anisotropy of the dispersion of carbon impurity bands near the Fermi level for C$_{\mathrm{O}}$ impurities in ZnO. From the calculated results, we derive that a C$_{\mathrm{O}}$ concentration between 2% and 6% should be optimal to achieve $d^{0}$-ferromagnetism in C-doped ZnO.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Synthetic Polyprenol-Pyrophosphate Linked Oligosaccharides Are Efficient Substrates for Mycobacterial Galactan Biosynthetic Enzymes
Creators: name: Xiaochao Xue; Ruixiang Blake Zheng; Akihiko Koizumi; Ling Han; John S. Klassen; Todd L. Lowary
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Libraries
Year: 2019

Abstract