cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The relativistic parsec-scale jets of the blazars TXS 0506+056 and PKS 0502+049 and their possible association with gamma-ray flares and neutrino production
Creators: name: Sumida, Viktor Y. D.
name: Schutzer, André de A.
name: Caproni, Anderson
name: Abraham, Zulema
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The physical nature of the mechanism responsible for the emission of neutrinos in active galactic nuclei (AGN) has been matter of debate in the literature, with relativistic jets of radio-loud AGNs as possible candidates to be the sources of high energy neutrinos. The most prominent candidate so far is the blazar TXS 0506+056, which is found to be associated with the neutrino event IceCube-170922A. Furthermore, the IceCube reported an excess of neutrinos towards TXS 0506+056 between September 2014 and March 2015, even though this association needs additional investigation, considering the presence of a nearby gamma-ray source, the quasar PKS 0502+049. Motivated by this, we studied the parsec-scale structures of TXS 0506+056 and PKS 0502+049 through radio interferometry at 8 and 15\,GHz. We identified twelve jet components in TXS 0506+056 and seven components in PKS 0502+049. The most reliable jet components show superluminal speeds ranging from 9.5c to 66c in the case of TXS 0506+056, and from 14.3c to 59c for PKS 0502+049, which were used to estimate a lower (upper) limit for the Lorentz factor (jet viewing angle) for both sources. A novel approach using simultaneously the brightness temperature of the core region and the apparent speeds of the jet components allowed us to infer basic jet parameters for TXS 0506+056 at distinct epochs. We also found that the emergence of new jet components coincides with the occurrence of gamma-ray flares. Interestingly, two of these coincidences in the case of PKS 0502+049 and one for TXS 0506+056 seems to be correlated with neutrino events detected by the IceCube Observatory.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in The Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Resolving velocity space dynamics in continuum gyrokinetics
Creators: name: Barnes, Michael
name: Dorland, William
name: Tatsuno, Tomoya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many plasmas of interest to the astrophysical and fusion communities are weakly collisional. In such plasmas, small scales can develop in the distribution of particle velocities, potentially affecting observable quantities such as turbulent fluxes. Consequently, it is necessary to monitor velocity space resolution in gyrokinetic simulations. In this paper, we present a set of computationally efficient diagnostics for measuring velocity space resolution in gyrokinetic simulations and apply them to a range of plasma physics phenomena using the continuum gyrokinetic code GS2. For the cases considered here, it is found that the use of a collisionality at or below experimental values allows for the resolution of plasma dynamics with relatively few velocity space grid points. Additionally, we describe implementation of an adaptive collision frequency which can be used to improve velocity space resolution in the collisionless regime, where results are expected to be independent of collision frequency.
description: 20 pages, 11 figures, submitted to Phys. Plasmas
Discordant associations of educational attainment with ASD and ADHD implicate a polygenic form of pleiotropy
Creators: name: Verhoef, Ellen
name: Grove, Jakob
name: Shapland, Chin Yang
name: Demontis, Ditte
name: Burgess, Stephen
name: Rai, Dheeraj
name: Børglum, Anders D.
name: St Pourcain, Beate
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/631/114
/631/208/1515
/631/208/366
/631/208/457
/692/699/476
article

description: Abstract: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are complex co-occurring neurodevelopmental conditions. Their genetic architectures reveal striking similarities but also differences, including strong, discordant polygenic associations with educational attainment (EA). To study genetic mechanisms that present as ASD-related positive and ADHD-related negative genetic correlations with EA, we carry out multivariable regression analyses using genome-wide summary statistics (N = 10,610–766,345). Our results show that EA-related genetic variation is shared across ASD and ADHD architectures, involving identical marker alleles. However, the polygenic association profile with EA, across shared marker alleles, is discordant for ASD versus ADHD risk, indicating independent effects. At the single-variant level, our results suggest either biological pleiotropy or co-localisation of different risk variants, implicating MIR19A/19B microRNA mechanisms. At the polygenic level, they point to a polygenic form of pleiotropy that contributes to the detectable genome-wide correlation between ASD and ADHD and is consistent with effect cancellation across EA-related regions.
Cesare Vasoli, un ricordo
Creators: name: Maggi, Michele
Publisher: name: Annali del Dipartimento di Filosofia
Year: 2013
Subjects: Cesare Vasoli; history of philosophy; Medieval and Renaissance thought

description: Memories and notes on the teaching of Cesare Vasoli (Firenze, 1924-2013) and on the main lines of his studies of philosophy and history of culture.
description: Annali del Dipartimento di Filosofia, XVIII (2012)
The Classical Exchange Algebra of AdS5 x S5 String Theory
Creators: name: Magro, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The classical exchange algebra satisfied by the monodromy matrix of AdS5 x S5 string theory in the Green-Schwarz formulation is determined by using a first-order Hamiltonian formulation and by adding to the Bena-Polchinski-Roiban Lax connection terms proportional to constraints. This enables in particular to show that the conserved charges of this theory are in involution. This result is obtained for a general world-sheet metric. The same exchange algebra is obtained within the pure spinor description of AdS5 x S5 string theory. These results are compared to the one obtained by A. Mikhailov and S. Schaefer-Nameki for the pure spinor formulation.
description: 37 pages; v2: Result on Jacobi identity and Yang-Baxter equation added in section 3.3; v3: References added; v4: Comparison with ref [12] clarified in section 3.3
Selectively Interfering With Intrusive but Not Voluntary Memories of a Trauma Film: Accounting for the Role of Associative Memory
Creators: name: Lau-Zhu, Alex
name: Henson, Richard N.
name: Holmes, Emily A.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Empirical Articles
intrusive memories
involuntary memory
mental imagery
memory consolidation
trauma
PTSD
open data
open materials

description: Intrusive memories of a traumatic event can be reduced by a subsequent interference procedure, seemingly sparing voluntary memory for that event. This selective-interference effect has potential therapeutic benefits (e.g., for emotional disorders) and legal importance (e.g., for witness testimony). However, the measurements of intrusive memory and voluntary memory typically differ in the role of associations between a cue and the emotional memory “hotspots.” To test this, we asked participants to watch a traumatic film followed by either an interference procedure (reminder plus Tetris) or control procedure (reminder only). Measurement of intrusions (using a laboratory task) and voluntary memory (recognition for film stills) were crossed with the presence or absence of associative cues. The reminder-plus-Tetris group exhibited fewer intrusions despite comparable recognition memory, replicating the results of prior studies. Note that this selective interference did not appear to depend on associative cues. This involuntary versus voluntary memory dissociation for emotional material further supports separate-trace memory theories and has applied advantages.
Harnessing Spatial Selections: A Guide to SGIS's Select by Layer Tool
Creators: name: Gjorgjieva, Elena
name: Gjorgjiev, Kiro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Geographic Information System
Software Development
Green IT
Green Software Development
Algorithms
GIS
Spatial Relationships
Spatial Selections
Engineerig and Technology
LIDAR
Remote Sensing
Telecommunications

description: The 'Select by Layer' tool in SGIS Desktop and SGIS v.R is a powerful feature that allows users to select features based on their spatial relationships to other features in a different layer.

The "Select by Layer" function is helpful because it lets users automatically select features based on spatial criteria, rather than having to manually pick them. This saves time and boosts efficiency, especially when working with large datasets.

To demonstrate the effectiveness of the tool, we’ll provide an example solution for each spatial relationship criterion.

1      Spatial Relationship Criterion #1: Points in Polygons 

      https://simplegissoft.com/software-documentation/
Fit für KI? – Genderspezifische Unterschiede in der Wahrnehmung, dem Verständnis und in den Weiterbildungswünschen bezüglich Künstlicher Intelligenz
Creators: name: Armutat, Sascha
name: Mauritz, Nina
name: Prädikow, Lotte
name: Schulte, Maximilian
name: Wattenberg, Malte
Publisher: name: FH Bielefeld Publikationsserver
Year: 2023
Subjects: Künstliche Intelligenz
Geschlechtsunterschiede
Wahrnehmung
Akzeptanz
Bereitschaft
Verständnis
Ausbildungspräferenzen und -implikationen

description: Angesichts der wachsenden Bedeutung von KI in Wissenschaft, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft
ist eine breite Akzeptanz entscheidend. Aktuelle Studien zeigen jedoch, dass Frauen
in den neuen KI-gestützten Berufen des zukünftigen Arbeitsmarktes stark unterrepräsentiert
sind. Dies beeinträchtigt die Innovationskraft der Technologien, da es an vielfältigen
Perspektiven in der Entwicklung fehlt. Geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede zeigen sich
auch in der Wahrnehmung von KI: Männer bewerten KI-Anwendungen positiver, schätzen
ihre eigenen KI-Kompetenzen höher ein und haben mehr Vertrauen in die Technologie als
Frauen. Beide Geschlechter sind sich jedoch einig, dass die Verständlichkeit von KI-Entscheidungen
entscheidend ist, und sind gleichermaßen bereit, sich im Bereich KI weiterzubilden.
Die Zielsetzung dieser Studie bestand darin, genderrelevante Aspekte bei der Wahrnehmung
und dem Verständnis von KI sowie Weiterbildungsbedarfe und Möglichkeiten zur
Kommunikation und Austausch zum Thema KI zu untersuchen.
Hierzu wurden im Mai 2023 Fokusgruppen mit Studentinnen (zwei Durchgänge mit je zwölf
Teilnehmerinnen) durchgeführt. Die Auswertung der Gesprächsdaten und verwendeten
Materialen erfolgte mittels induktivem Kodierungsverfahren.
Im Ergebnis konnten fünf Kategorien identifiziert werden, die für die Teilnehmerinnen die
spezifischen Bedürfnisse und Perspektiven abbilden, um KI-Technologien auf eine gerechtere
und gleichberechtigtere Weise zu entwickeln und anzuwenden. Diese sind: Wissen und
Bildung, Diskriminierung, Geschlechterunterschiede (Sozialisierung und Stereotype), Kommunikation
und Benutzerfreundlichkeit, Transparenz und Regelungen.
Frauen sehen Wissen als Schlüssel für mehr Interesse an KI, sehen allerdings Diskriminierung,
Geschlechter-Stereotype und fehlende Gleichstellung als Hindernisse. Außerdem
wünschen sie sich mehr Anwendungsbeispiele, eine bessere Kommunikation über die Vor- und
Nachteile von KI sowie demokratischere und transparentere Entscheidungsprozesse.
Der Bericht betont, dass ein inklusives Bildungsumfeld Sensibilisierung und Bildung für
Frauen erfordert, ebenso wie Maßnahmen gegen diskriminierende Barrieren und Stereotype.
Zudem sollten Frauen frühzeitig in die Entwicklung von KI-Anwendungen einbezogen
und klare Regeln geschaffen werden, um die Gleichberechtigung am Arbeitsplatz sicherzustellen.
Diese Studienergebnisse unterstützen Unternehmen bei der genderdifferenzierten
Planung von Sensibilisierungs- und Weiterbildungsprozessen für die Einführung von KI.
Carnap e Vasubandhu: esperienza e coscienza
Creators: name: Michelizza, Marzia
Publisher: name: Annali del Dipartimento di Filosofia
Year: 2013
Subjects: phenomenal experience; consciousness; ontology; Buddeist philosophy; philosophy of mind

description: In philosophy of mind, the arguments about phenomenal experience are related to ontological points of view in which the alternatives are physicalist monism and dualism. Both involve problems and the choice is difficult in order to describe the experience into scientific knowledge. I accost Carnap and Vasubandhu philosophies to show an epistemic position, that involves an ontological deconstruction, from the phenomenal experience starting point. In this view, the way to address the psico-physical problem changes: it is not concerned any problem about a dualism of substances (or objects). Experience and evidence are two points of convergence, and lead to the question of subjectivity: the consciousness it is not an object however it keeps its relevance.
description: Annali del Dipartimento di Filosofia, XVIII (2012)
La spina centrale di torino
Creators: name: Di Cristina, Benedetto
Publisher: name: Macramè
Year: 2007

description: The “Spina” of Turin is about planning renewal of the urban settlement. Its purpose is to virtuously redraw the city as a whole: a heir of the great; complex regeneration plans for the 19th century metropolis. The “Spina” program, in its complexity and capacity of involving the entire city, is completely different from the most of recent plans and is intended to modernize Italian cities, historically cities that were unable to be improved.
description: Macramè, macramè 1–2007
Modeling the Spectral Energy Distributions and Spectropolarimetry of Blazars -- Application to 4C+01.02 in 2016-2017
Creators: name: Schutte, Hester M.
name: Britto, Richard J.
name: Böttcher, Markus
name: van Soelen, Brian
name: Marais, Johannes P.
name: Kaur, Amanpreet
name: Falcone, Abraham D.
name: Buckley, David A. H.
name: Rajoelimanana, Andry F.
name: Cooper, Justin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical radiation emitted by blazars contains contributions from synchrotron radiation by relativistic electrons in the jets, as well as thermal radiation emitted mainly by the Accretion Disk (AD), the Broad Line Region (BLR) and the host galaxy. The unpolarized radiation components from the AD, BLR and host galaxy present themselves by decreasing the total polarization in the optical/ultraviolet(UV) spectrum. A combined model for the Spectral Energy Distribution (SED) and degree of optical/UV polarization is constructed, enabling the disentanglement of the synchrotron and AD components. Our model is applied to the multi-wavelength SED and spectropolarimetry observations of the Flat Spectrum Radio Quasar 4C+01.02 ($z = 2.1$) in its 2016 July-August flaring state and July-August 2017 quiescent state, using data from the Fermi Large Area Telescope, the Southern African Large Telescope and the Las Cumbres Observatory network of telescopes. By constraining the AD component, the mass of the super massive black hole is obtained as $3 \times 10^9 \rm M_{\odot}$. Furthermore, the model retrieves the characteristics of the relativistic electron distribution in the jet and the degree of ordering of the magnetic field. Our results highlight the potential of spectropolarimetry observations for disentangling thermal from non-thermal (jet) emission components and thus revealing the physics of particle acceleration and high-energy emission in active galactic nuclei jets.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
HD 174884: a strongly eccentric, short-period early-type binary system discovered by CoRoT
Creators: name: Maceroni, C.
name: Montalban, J.
name: Michel, E.
name: Harmanec, P.
name: Prsa, A.
name: Briquet, M.
name: Niemczura, E.
name: Morel, T.
name: Ladjal, D.
name: Auvergne, M.
name: Baglin, A.
name: Baudin, F.
name: Catala, C.
name: Samadi, R.
name: Aerts, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurate photometric CoRoT space observations of a secondary seismological target, HD 174884, led to the discovery that this star is an astrophysically important double-lined eclipsing spectroscopic binary in an eccentric orbit (e of about 0.3), unusual for its short (3.65705d) orbital period. The high eccentricity, coupled with the orientation of the binary orbit in space, explains the very unusual observed light curve with strongly unequal primary and secondary eclipses having the depth ratio of 1-to-100 in the CoRoT 'seismo' passband. Without the high accuracy of the CoRoT photometry, the secondary eclipse, 1.5 mmag deep, would have gone unnoticed. A spectroscopic follow-up program provided 45 high dispersion spectra. The analysis of the CoRoT light curve was performed with an adapted version of PHOEBE that supports CoRoT passbands. The final solution was obtained by simultaneous fitting of the light and the radial velocity curves. Individual star spectra were derived by spectrum disentangling. The uncertainties of the fit were derived by bootstrap resampling and the solution uniqueness was tested by heuristic scanning. The results provide a consistent picture of the system composed of two late B stars. The Fourier analysis of the light curve fit residuals yields two components, with orbital frequency multiples and an amplitude of about 0.1 mmag, which are tentatively interpreted as tidally induced pulsations. An extensive comparison with theoretical models is carried out by means of the Levenberg-Marquardt minimization technique and the discrepancy between models and the derived parameters is discussed. The best fitting models yield a young system age of 125 million years which is consistent with the eccentric orbit and synchronous component rotation at periastron.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication by A&A
Additional file 3 of Impacts of fludioxonil resistance on global gene expression in the necrotrophic fungal plant pathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum
Creators: name: Taiwo, Akeem O.
name: Harper, Lincoln A.
name: Derbyshire, Mark C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Figure S2.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ХРОНИЧЕСКОЙ ПОЧЕЧНОЙ НЕДОСТАТОЧНОСТИ НА МИКРОСТРУКТУРУ ТОНКОГО КИШЕЧНИКА.
Creators: name: Абдулхакимов, Ш.А.
name: Хасанова, Д.А.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Микроорганизмы в кишечнике и функция этого органа играют важную роль в поддержании здоровья организма. Это включает в себя контроль над иммунной системой, метаболическими процессами и пищеварением. Но, когда речь идет о хронической почечной недостаточности, серьезной проблеме в медицине, кишечная микрофлора и её функции могут быть существенно нарушены.
Spin blockade, orbital occupation and charge ordering in La_(1.5)Sr_(0.5)CoO4
Creators: name: Chang, C. F.
name: Hu, Z.
name: Wu, Hua
name: Burnus, T.
name: Hollmann, N.
name: Benomar, M.
name: Lorenz, T.
name: Tanaka, A.
name: Lin, H. -J.
name: Hsieh, H. H.
name: Chen, C. T.
name: Tjeng, L. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Co-L_(2,3) and O-K x-ray absorption spectroscopy, we reveal that the charge ordering in La_(1.5)Sr_(0.5)CoO4 involves high spin (S=3/2) Co^2+ and low spin (S=0) Co^3+ ions. This provides evidence for the spin blockade phenomenon as a source for the extremely insulating nature of the La_(2-x)Sr_(x)CoO4 series. The associated e_g^2 and e_g^0 orbital occupation accounts for the large contrast in the Co-O bond lengths, and in turn, the high charge ordering temperature. Yet, the low magnetic ordering temperature is naturally explained by the presence of the non-magnetic (S=0) Co^3+ ions. From the identification of the bands we infer that La_(1.5)Sr_(0.5)CoO4 is a narrow band material.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Epistemologia, straniamento e riduzionismo
Creators: name: Gabbani, Carlo
Publisher: name: Annali del Dipartimento di Filosofia
Year: 2012
Subjects: estrangement; reductionism; natural science; epistemological pluralism

description: The paper examines the epistemological significance of the expe- rience of estrangement caused by some types of descriptions of objects and phenomena. It shows how, today, the main productive matrix of these descriptions is formed by natural science. A distinction is drawn between a reductionist and pluralist approach to the aspect of estrangement offered by science, and subsequently analysed. The paper then puts forward an argument in support of the latter attitude.
description: Annali del Dipartimento di Filosofia, XVII (2011)
Additional file 1 of Is preexisting mental illness associated with lower patient satisfaction for older trauma patients? A cross-sectional descriptive study
Creators: name: McGraw, Constance
name: Pekarek, Jennifer
name: Redmond, Diane
name: Vogel, Rebecca
name: Tanner, Allen
name: Bar-Or, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
A Review on the Developments of Peridynamics for Reinforced Concrete Structures
Creators: name: Hattori, Gabriel
name: Hobbs, Mark
name: Orr, John
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Review Article

description: Abstract: Concrete is the most widely used man made material in the world. Reinforced with steel, it forms a key enabler behind our rapidly urbanising built environment. Yet despite its ubiquity, the failure behaviour of the material in shear is still not well understood. Many different shear models have been proposed over the years, often validated against sets of physical tests, but none of these has yet been shown to be sufficiently general to account for the behaviour of all possible types and geometries of reinforced concrete structures. A key barrier to a general model is that concrete must crack in tension, and in shear such cracks form rapidly to create brittle failure. Peridynamics (PD) is a non-local theory where the continuum mechanics equilibrium equation is reformulated in an integral form, thereby permitting discontinuities to arise naturally from the formulation. On the one hand, this offers the potential to provide a general concrete model. On the other hand, PD models for concrete structures have not focussed on applications with reinforcement. Moreover, a robust model validation that assesses the strengths and weakness of a given model is missing. The objectives of this paper are twofold: (1) to evaluate the benchmark tests involving shear failure for RC structures; and (2) to review the most recent PD theory and its application for reinforced concrete (RC) structures. We investigate these models in detail and propose benchmark tests that a PD model should be able to simulate accurately.
Excitation and abundance study of CO+ in the interstellar medium
Creators: name: Staeuber, Pascal
name: Bruderer, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of CO+ suggest column densities on the order 10^12 cm^-2 that can not be reproduced by many chemical models. CO+ is more likely to be destroyed than excited in collisions with hydrogen. An anomalous excitation mechanism may thus have to be considered when interpreting CO^+ observations. Chemical models are used to perform a parameter study of CO^+ abundances. Line fluxes are calculated for N(CO+)=10^12 cm^-2 and different gas densities and temperatures using a non-LTE escape probability method. The chemical formation and destruction rates are considered explicitly in the detailed balance equations of the radiative transfer. In addition, the rotational levels of CO+ are assumed to be excited upon chemical formation according to a formation temperature. It is found, that chemical models are generally able to produce high fractional CO+ abundances (x(CO+) =10^-10). In a far-ultraviolet (FUV) dominated environment, however, high abundances of CO+ are only produced in regions with a Habing field G0 > 100 and T(kin) > 600 K, posing a strong constraint on the gas temperature. For gas densities >10^6 cm^-3 and temperatures > 600 K, the combination of chemical and radiative transfer analysis shows little effect on intensities of CO+ lines with upper levels N_up <= 3. Significantly different line fluxes are calculated with an anomalous excitation mechanism, however, for transitions with higher upper levels and densities >10^6 cm ^ -3. The Herschel Space Observatory is able to reveal such effects in the terahertz wavelength regime. Ideal objects to observe are protoplanetary disks with densities 10^6 cm^-3. It is finally suggested that the CO+ chemistry may be well understood and that the abundances observed so far can be explained with a high enough gas temperature and a proper geometry.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Anderson Model out of equilibrium: decoherence effects in transport through a quantum dot
Creators: name: Van Roermund, Raphaël
name: Shiau, Shiue-yuan
name: Lavagna, Mireille
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper deals with the nonequilibrium two-lead Anderson model, considered as an adequate description for transport through a d-c biased quantum dot. Using a self-consistent equation-of-motion method generalized out of equilibrium, we calculate a fourth-order decoherence rate $γ^{(4)}$ induced by a bias voltage $V$. This decoherence rate provides a cut-off to the infrared divergences of the self-energy showing up in the Kondo regime. At low temperature, the Kondo peak in the density of states is split into two peaks pinned at the chemical potential of the two leads. The height of these peaks is controlled by $γ^{(4)}$. The voltage dependence of the differential conductance exhibits a zero-bias peak followed by a broad Coulomb peak at large $V$, reflecting charge fluctuations inside the dot. The low-bias differential conductance is found to be a universal function of the normalized bias voltage $V/T_K$, where $T_K$ is the Kondo temperature. The universal scaling with a single energy scale $T_K$ at low bias voltages is also observed for the renormalized decoherence rate $γ^{(4)}/T_K$. We discuss the effect of $γ^{(4)}$ on the crossover from strong to weak coupling regime when either the temperature or the bias voltage is increased.
description: 23 pages, 10 figures
Additional file 1 of Assessment of syndromic management of curable sexually transmitted and reproductive tract infections among pregnant women: an observational cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Chaponda, Enesia Banda
name: Bruce, Jane
name: Michelo, Charles
name: Chandramohan, Daniel
name: R. Matthew Chico
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Chlamydia: Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of potential risk factors of infection among pregnant women at antenatal care booking. Supplementary Table 2. Gonorrhoea: Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of determinants of infection among pregnant women at antenatal care booking. Supplementary Table 3. Trichomoniasis: Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of determinants of infection among pregnant women at antenatal care booking. Supplementary Table 4. Bacterial vaginosis: Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of determinants of infection among pregnant women at antenatal care booking. Supplementary Table 5. Syphilis: Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of determinants of infection among pregnant women at antenatal care booking. Supplementary Table 6. Any Sexually transmitted and reproductive tract infection: Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of determinants of infection among pregnant women at antenatal care booking.
Additional file 1 of Real-world assessment of the impact of “OFF” episodes on health-related quality of life among patients with Parkinson’s disease in the United States
Creators: name: Thach, Andrew
name: Jones, Eddie
name: Pappert, Eric
name: Pike, James
name: Wright, Jack
name: Gillespie, Alexander
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Linear regression analyses of relationship between PDQ-39 dimensions and average hours of daily “OFF” time. (a) Mobility, (b) Activities of daily living, (c) Emotional well-being, (d) Stigma, (e) Social support, (f) Cognitions, (g) Communication, and (h) Bodily discomfort. CI confidence interval; PDQ-39 39-Item Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire.
Active Terahertz Modulator and Slow Light Metamaterial Devices with Hybrid Graphene–Superconductor Photonic Integrated Circuits
Creators: name: Kalhor, Samane
name: Kindness, Stephen J.
name: Wallis, Robert
name: Beere, Harvey E.
name: Ghanaatshoar, Majid
name: Degl′Innocenti, Riccardo
name: Kelly, Michael J.
name: Hofmann, Stephan
name: Joyce, Hannah J.
name: Ritchie, David A.
name: Delfanazari, Kaveh
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: hybrid photonic integrated circuits
graphene
superconductors
terahertz photonics
terahertz electronics
electromagnetic induced transparency
slow light devices

description: Metamaterial photonic integrated circuits with arrays of hybrid graphene–superconductor coupled split-ring resonators (SRR) capable of modulating and slowing down terahertz (THz) light are introduced and proposed. The hybrid device’s optical responses, such as electromagnetic-induced transparency (EIT) and group delay, can be modulated in several ways. First, it is modulated electrically by changing the conductivity and carrier concentrations in graphene. Alternatively, the optical response can be modified by acting on the device temperature sensitivity by switching Nb from a lossy normal phase to a low-loss quantum mechanical phase below the transition temperature (Tc) of Nb. Maximum modulation depths of 57.3% and 97.61% are achieved for EIT and group delay at the THz transmission window, respectively. A comparison is carried out between the Nb-graphene-Nb coupled SRR-based devices with those of Au-graphene-Au SRRs, and significant enhancements of the THz transmission, group delay, and EIT responses are observed when Nb is in the quantum mechanical phase. Such hybrid devices with their reasonably large and tunable slow light bandwidth pave the way for the realization of active optoelectronic modulators, filters, phase shifters, and slow light devices for applications in chip-scale future communication and computation systems.
Additional file 1 of Perspectives on voluntary assisted partner notification among providers, people with HIV and the general population in Indonesia: a formative qualitative study
Creators: name: Gede Benny Setia Wirawan
name: Januraga, Pande Putu
name: I. Gusti Agung Agus Mahendra
name: Ngakan Putu Anom Harjana
name: Mahatmi, Tiara
name: Luhukay, Lanny
name: Rewari, Bharat Bhushan
name: Johnson, Cheryl
name: Katz, David A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Interview Guide. This file contains the semi-structured interview guide used in focused group discussion for data collection of this study.
Spectral analysis of cool white dwarfs accreting from planetary systems: from the UV to the optical
Creators: name: Hollands, Mark A.
name: Tremblay, Pier-Emmanuel
name: Gänsicke, Boris T.
name: Koester, Detlev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The accretion of planetary debris into the atmospheres of white dwarfs leads to the presence of metal lines in their spectra. Cool metal-rich white dwarfs, which left the main-sequence many Gyr ago, allow the study of the remnants of the oldest planetary systems. Despite their low effective temperatures ($T_\mathrm{eff}$), a non-neglible amount of their flux is emitted in the near ultraviolet (NUV), where many overlapping metal lines can potentially be detected. We have observed three metal-rich cool white dwarfs with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) onboard the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), and compare the results determined from the NUV data with those previously derived from the analysis of optical spectroscopy. For two of the white dwarfs, SDSSJ1038-0036 and SDSSJ1535+1247, we find reasonable agreement with our previous analysis and the new combined fit of optical and NUV data. For the third object, SDSSJ0956+5912, including the STIS data leads to a ten percent lower $T_\mathrm{eff}$, though we do not identify a convincing explanation for this discrepancy. The unusual abundances found for SDSSJ0956+5912 suggest that the accreted parent-body was composed largely of water ice and magnesium silicates, and with a mass of up to $\simeq 2\times 10^{25}$g. Furthermore SDSSJ0956+5912 shows likely traces of atomic carbon in the NUV. While molecular carbon is not observed in the optical, we demonstrate that the large quantity of metals accreted by SDSSJ0956+5912 can suppress the C$_2$ molecular bands, indicating that planetary accretion can convert DQ stars into DZs (and not DQZs/DZQs).
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Sport for health: a call for action
Creators: name: Lange, Klaus
Publisher: name: Journal of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion
Year: 2023

description: In view of the global surge in obesity and non-communicable diseases, such as cardiovascular conditions, diabetes and cancer, there is an urgent need to promote population-level health. Globally, physical inactivity is a leading risk factor for non-communicable diseases and mortality and carries a considerable public health burden. The health benefits of physical activity are well established. Regular exercise of moderate intensity reduces the risk of chronic diseases and is an effective means of extending both lifespan and years lived in good health. Participation in sports therefore plays a key role in maintaining public health and reducing the burden of non-communicable diseases and the associated increase in the rate of premature deaths. Furthermore, physical activity and sport offer a promising avenue for the promotion of mental health across the lifespan. Appropriate lifestyle changes in regard to physical activity will eventually help shift the population distribution of risk and aid in preventing non-communicable diseases. Robust scientific evidence demonstrates that physical activity and sport can play an important role in assisting in the prevention and management of chronic diseases at the individual and population levels and in alleviating the economic and human cost of disease. The combined expertise of medicine, exercise science and sports should therefore guide the training of doctors, encouraging them to incorporate physical exercise into their daily practice. However, science can only enhance the common good if its significance is appreciated by policymakers and the public and its implementation leads to improvements in health. Those with power to implement change must act on the evidence provided by science.
description: Journal of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Vol. 7 (2023)
Analysing the Performance of Ammonia Powertrains in the Marine Environment
Creators: name: Imhoff, Thomas Buckley
name: Gkantonas, Savvas
name: Mastorakos, Epaminondas
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: ammonia
marine propulsion
shipping
decarbonisation
powertrain

description: This study develops system-level models of ammonia-fuelled powertrains that reflect the characteristics of four oceangoing vessels to evaluate the efficacy of ammonia as an alternative fuel in the marine environment. Relying on thermodynamics, heat transfer, and chemical engineering, the models adequately capture the behaviour of internal combustion engines, gas turbines, fuel processing equipment, and exhaust aftertreatment components. The performance of each vessel is evaluated by comparing its maximum range and cargo capacity to a conventional vessel. Results indicate that per unit output power, ammonia-fuelled internal combustion engines are more efficient, require less catalytic material, and have lower auxiliary power requirements than ammonia gas turbines. Most merchant vessels are strong candidates for ammonia fuelling if the operators can overcome capacity losses between 4% and 9%, assuming that the updated vessels retain the same range as a conventional vessel. The study also establishes that naval vessels are less likely to adopt ammonia powertrains without significant redesigns. Ammonia as an alternative fuel in the marine sector is a compelling option if the detailed component design continues to show that the concept is practically feasible. The present data and models can help in such feasibility studies for a range of vessels and propulsion technologies.
Vaccination against the brown stomach worm, Teladorsagia circumcincta, followed by parasite challenge, induces inconsistent modifications in gut microbiota composition of lambs
Creators: name: Rooney, James
name: Cortés, Alba
name: Scotti, Riccardo
name: Price, Daniel R. G.
name: Bartley, Yvonne
name: Fairlie-Clarke, Karen
name: McNeilly, Tom N.
name: Nisbet, Alasdair J.
name: Cantacessi, Cinzia
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Research
Parasites of veterinary importance
Teladorsagia circumcincta
Gastrointestinal helminth
Ruminant
Microbiome
Vaccine
Prevotella spp.

description: Funder: Isaac Newton Trust (GB)
description: Abstract: Background: Growing evidence points towards a role of gastrointestinal (GI) helminth parasites of ruminants in modifying the composition of the host gut flora, with likely repercussions on the pathophysiology of worm infection and disease, and on animal growth and productivity. However, a thorough understanding of the mechanisms governing helminth-microbiota interactions and of their impact on host health and welfare relies on reproducibility and replicability of findings. To this aim, in this study, we analysed quantitative and qualitative fluctuations in the faecal microbiota composition of lambs vaccinated against, and experimentally infected with, the parasitic GI nematode Teladorsagia circumcincta over the course of two separate trials performed over two consecutive years. Methods: Two trials were conducted under similar experimental conditions in 2017 and 2018, respectively. In each trial, lambs were randomly assigned to one of the following experimental groups: (i) vaccinated/infected, (ii) unvaccinated/infected and (iii) unvaccinated/uninfected. Faecal samples collected from individual animals were subjected to DNA extraction followed by high-throughput sequencing of the V3-V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene and bioinformatics and biostatistical analyses of sequence data. Results: Substantial differences in the populations of bacteria affected by immunisation against and infection by T. circumcincta were detected when comparing data from the two trials. Nevertheless, the abundance of Prevotella spp. was significantly linked to helminth infection in both trials. Conclusions: Despite the largely conflicting findings between the two trials, our data revealed that selected gut microbial populations are consistently affected by T. circumcincta infection and/or vaccination. Nevertheless, our study calls for caution when interpreting data generated from in vivo helminth-microbiome interaction studies that may be influenced by several intrinsic and extrinsic host-, parasite- and environment-related factors. Graphical Abstract:
Thermodynamics of EiBI-AdS black holes with global monopole
Creators: name: Kusuma, A. M.
name: Jayawiguna, B. N.
name: Ramadhan, H. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well-known that black hole can be endowed with topological charge coming as a result of phase transition(s) in the early universe. It has also recently been revealed that such object might exist in one of the modified theory of gravity called the Eddington-inspired-Born-Infeld (EiBI) theory. Here we shall investigate the the possibility of phase transitions, and in general thermodynamic phenomena, of EiBI-anti-de Sitter (AdS) black hole with (topologically-charged) global monopole. This is the first work that applies the full Euclidean action formalism in this model. We provide a counterterm to cancel inifinities and argue that it is the most suitable among other possibilities. Our investigation reveals that the state variables obtained are found to obey the first law of the black hole mechanics and the Smarr's law for black holes with $Λ\neq0$. Related to the second feature, we obtained the forbidden range of parameter space for EiBI AdS black hole with global monopole, which corresponds to $\frac{-(1 - Δ)}{Λ} \leq κ\leq -\frac{1}{Λ}$. The dependencies on $Λ$, the EiBI constant $κ$ and the global monopole charge $η$ of the state variables and state functions obtained manifests in a Schwarzchild AdS-like phase transition for black holes with parameters below the lower bound of the forbidden range, and could also manifest in a Schwarzschild-flat like phase behavior for black holes with parameters above the higher bound of the forbidden range.
description: 27 pages, 5 figues
Additional file 1 of Association of physical fitness and motor ability at young age with locomotive syndrome risk in middle-aged and older men: J-Fit+ Study
Creators: name: Shen, Shaoshuai
name: Suzuki, Koya
name: Kohmura, Yoshimitsu
name: Fuku, Noriyuki
name: Someya, Yuki
name: Naito, Hisashi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Description of the instructions provided to participants for the execution of physical fitness tests and motor ability tests and instructions on how results were to be recorded.
Short-range magnetic order and temperature-dependent properties of cupric oxide
Creators: name: Rocquefelte, X.
name: Whangbo, M. -H.
name: Villesuzanne, A.
name: Jobic, S.
name: Tran, F.
name: Schwarz, K.
name: Blaha, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The temperature dependence of the optical and magnetic properties of CuO were examined by means of hybrid density functional theory calculations. Our work shows that the spin exchange interactions in CuO are neither fully one-dimensional nor fully three-dimensional. The large temperature dependence of the optical band gap and the 63Cu nuclear quadrupole resonance frequency of CuO originate from the combined effect of a strong coupling between the spin order and the electronic structure and the progressive appearance of short-range order with temperature.
description: 22 pages, 4 figure, 2 tables, letters submitted in Europhysics Letters
Microcavity-like exciton-polaritons can be the primary photoexcitation in bare organic semiconductors
Creators: name: Pandya, Raj
name: Chen, Richard Y. S.
name: Gu, Qifei
name: Sung, Jooyoung
name: Schnedermann, Christoph
name: Ojambati, Oluwafemi S.
name: Chikkaraddy, Rohit
name: Gorman, Jeffrey
name: Jacucci, Gianni
name: Onelli, Olimpia D.
name: Willhammar, Tom
name: Johnstone, Duncan N.
name: Collins, Sean M.
name: Midgley, Paul A.
name: Auras, Florian
name: Baikie, Tomi
name: Jayaprakash, Rahul
name: Mathevet, Fabrice
name: Soucek, Richard
name: Du, Matthew
name: Alvertis, Antonios M.
name: Ashoka, Arjun
name: Vignolini, Silvia
name: Lidzey, David G.
name: Baumberg, Jeremy J.
name: Friend, Richard H.
name: Barisien, Thierry
name: Legrand, Laurent
name: Chin, Alex W.
name: Yuen-Zhou, Joel
name: Saikin, Semion K.
name: Kukura, Philipp
name: Musser, Andrew J.
name: Rao, Akshay
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/639/638/439/943
/639/638/440/948
/639/925/357/995
/639/766/119/995
/123
/128
/132
/132/122
/140/125
/140/133
article

description: Abstract: Strong-coupling between excitons and confined photonic modes can lead to the formation of new quasi-particles termed exciton-polaritons which can display a range of interesting properties such as super-fluidity, ultrafast transport and Bose-Einstein condensation. Strong-coupling typically occurs when an excitonic material is confided in a dielectric or plasmonic microcavity. Here, we show polaritons can form at room temperature in a range of chemically diverse, organic semiconductor thin films, despite the absence of an external cavity. We find evidence of strong light-matter coupling via angle-dependent peak splittings in the reflectivity spectra of the materials and emission from collective polariton states. We additionally show exciton-polaritons are the primary photoexcitation in these organic materials by directly imaging their ultrafast (5 × 106 m s−1), ultralong (~270 nm) transport. These results open-up new fundamental physics and could enable a new generation of organic optoelectronic and light harvesting devices based on cavity-free exciton-polaritons
«Evidentissimi avvertimenti dei numi». Sogni, vaticini, profezie in Pomponazzi
Creators: name: Perrone Compagni, Vittoria
Publisher: name: Annali del Dipartimento di Filosofia
Year: 2012
Subjects: dreams; prophecy; miracle; fate

description: This paper focuses on the specific topic of oniric and prophetic praenotio, which Pomponazzi discussed in his main works. Pomponazzi aims at proving that dreams and prophecies are not inspired by Christian God, angels or demons, but are natural phaenomena, depending on divine, impersonal providence (fatum), which guarantees through astral movement the eternal preservation of human species.
description: Annali del Dipartimento di Filosofia, XVII (2011)