cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The leap to ordinal: Detailed functional prognosis after traumatic brain injury with a flexible modelling approach.
Creators: name: Bhattacharyay, Shubhayu
name: Milosevic, Ioan
name: Wilson, Lindsay
name: Menon, David
name: Stevens, Robert D
name: Steyerberg, Ewout W
name: Nelson, David W
name: Ercole, Ari
name: CENTER-TBI Investigators Participants
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Research Article
subject: Research and analysis methods
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine and health sciences
subject: People and places
subject: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Biology and life sciences

description: Funder: ZNS - Hannelore Kohl Stiftung; funder-id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100007731
description: Funder: One Mind
description: Funder: Integra LifeSciences; funder-id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100009006
description: When a patient is admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) after a traumatic brain injury (TBI), an early prognosis is essential for baseline risk adjustment and shared decision making. TBI outcomes are commonly categorised by the Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOSE) into eight, ordered levels of functional recovery at 6 months after injury. Existing ICU prognostic models predict binary outcomes at a certain threshold of GOSE (e.g., prediction of survival [GOSE > 1]). We aimed to develop ordinal prediction models that concurrently predict probabilities of each GOSE score. From a prospective cohort (n = 1,550, 65 centres) in the ICU stratum of the Collaborative European NeuroTrauma Effectiveness Research in TBI (CENTER-TBI) patient dataset, we extracted all clinical information within 24 hours of ICU admission (1,151 predictors) and 6-month GOSE scores. We analysed the effect of two design elements on ordinal model performance: (1) the baseline predictor set, ranging from a concise set of ten validated predictors to a token-embedded representation of all possible predictors, and (2) the modelling strategy, from ordinal logistic regression to multinomial deep learning. With repeated k-fold cross-validation, we found that expanding the baseline predictor set significantly improved ordinal prediction performance while increasing analytical complexity did not. Half of these gains could be achieved with the addition of eight high-impact predictors to the concise set. At best, ordinal models achieved 0.76 (95% CI: 0.74-0.77) ordinal discrimination ability (ordinal c-index) and 57% (95% CI: 54%- 60%) explanation of ordinal variation in 6-month GOSE (Somers' Dxy). Model performance and the effect of expanding the predictor set decreased at higher GOSE thresholds, indicating the difficulty of predicting better functional outcomes shortly after ICU admission. Our results motivate the search for informative predictors that improve confidence in prognosis of higher GOSE and the development of ordinal dynamic prediction models.
Revisiting Lambert's Problem
Creators: name: Izzo, Dario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The orbital boundary value problem, also known as Lambert Problem, is revisited. Building upon Lancaster and Blanchard approach, new relations are revealed and a new variable representing all problem classes, under L-similarity, is used to express the time of flight equation. In the new variable, the time of flight curves have two oblique asymptotes and they mostly appear to be conveniently approximated by piecewise continuous lines. We use and invert such a simple approximation to provide an efficient initial guess to an Householder iterative method that is then able to converge, for the single revoltuion case, in only two iterations. The resulting algorithm is compared to Gooding's procedure revealing to be numerically as accurate, while having a smaller computational complexity.
description: The Lambert algorithm described in this paper is an update to what has been named by other researchers as Izzo's Lambert algorithm (in works appeared in 2010-2013). The updated algorithm is ~1.8 times faster than its previous version
New Jersey Fish and Wildlife Digest, A Summary of Rules and Management Information: 2006 Freshwater Fishing Issue, Vol. 19, No. 2
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP), Division of Fish and Wildlife
Year: 2006

description: This digest is a summary of rules and management information pertaining to freshwater fishing in New Jersey. The digest discusses such issues as New Jersey's lakes, fishing regulations, permits, licenses and fees, motorboat regulations, fisheries programs and research, and freshwater environment health. Recurring contents include: Highlights of Changes in Freshwater Fishing Regulations, License, Permit and Stamp Information, trout chart and information, fishing regulations chart, license boundary lines, fish identification, record sport fish,  award programs and writing contest, and health advisories for eating fish and crabs. Special feature articles in this issue are: Exciting New Changes for '06 Trout Season!; The Big D.; Bass Fishing Jersey Style; Fishing Hotspots and How to Lure Them In!; Sport Fish Restoration Projects;  Cooper River Lake is Back!; Pequest Open House; and New System Generates Durable Sporting License.
Cooperative STAT/NF-ÎºB signaling regulates lymphoma metabolic reprogramming and aberrant GOT2 expression
Creators: name: Feist, M.
name: Schwarzfischer, Philipp
name: Heinrich, Paul
name: Sun, Xueni
name: Kemper, J.
name: von Bonin, F.
name: Perez-Rubio, Paula
name: Taruttis, Franziska
name: Rehberg, Thorsten
name: Dettmer, Katja
name: Gronwald, Wolfram
name: Reinders, Jörg
name: Engelmann, Julia C.
name: Dudek, J.
name: Klapper, W.
name: Trumper, L.
name: Spang, Rainer
name: Oefner, Peter J.
name: Kube, D.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: Knowledge of stromal factors that have a role in the transcriptional regulation of metabolic pathways aside from c-Myc is fundamental to improvements in lymphoma therapy. Using a MYC-inducible human B-cell line, we observed the cooperative activation of STAT3 and NF-κB by IL10 and CpG stimulation. We show that IL10 + CpG-mediated cell proliferation of MYClow cells depends on glutaminolysis. By 13C- and 15N-tracing of glutamine metabolism and metabolite rescue experiments, we demonstrate that GOT2 provides aspartate and nucleotides to cells with activated or aberrant Jak/STAT and NF-κB signaling. A model of GOT2 transcriptional regulation is proposed, in which the cooperative phosphorylation of STAT3 and direct joint binding of STAT3 and p65/NF-κB to the proximal GOT2 promoter are important. Furthermore, high aberrant GOT2 expression is prognostic in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma underscoring the current findings and importance of stromal factors in lymphoma biology.
Chemical constituents and biological activities of different extracts from ginger residues
Creators: name: eldesoky, Hana
name: A. Shalaby, Emad
name: Jacob, Rania
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology

description: Ginger, is a herbal plant rich with bioactive chemical compounds which possess high medicinal values, The aim of the present study was to assess in vitro the antioxidant, antiradical, antimicrobial, and anticancer activities of aqueous extracts (cold and hot) of ginger peels and antioxidant, antiradical activities of ethanolic extract of the residual pulp in addition to the semi-purified fractions from hot water extract as a promising. Aqueous extracts of ginger were evaluated against 2,2-diphenyl- 1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH); 2,2- azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline- 6-sulfonic acid ) (ABTS) as radical methods; potassium permanganate (KMnO4) and methylene blue as non-radical methods; ethanol extract was evaluated against ABTS, methylene blue, and KMnO4; and 6 fractions from column chromatography of hot water extract were evaluated against ABTS. The obtained results were compared with ascorbic acid in addition to analysis of chemical constituents using High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The antimicrobial activity of ginger aqueous extracts was done against gram-negative and positive bacterial strains. Furthermore, the anticancer activity was evaluated against a human hepatocellular cancer cell line (HepG-2). The results revealed that the tested methods go parallel, showing that the extract concentration and incubation time are dependent and proportional with phenols and flavonoids concentration. Hot water extract recorded the highest antioxidant activity when compared with others with 84.15, 74.71, 91.63, and 34.66 % against DPPH, ABTS, KMnO4, and methylene blue respectively, and the highest anticancer and antiradical activity. Thus, the HPLC analysis of hot water extracts showed a profile, containing 9 components. The identified major compounds were p- Hydroxy benzoic acid, and Rosemarinic. From the obtained results it could be concluded that ginger hot water extract 12 of peels and ethanolic extract of the pulp can be used in the production of antioxidant, antiradical, and anticancer for biomedical application on the consumer’s health; with low antimicrobial effect.
Laser photons acquire circular polarization by interacting with a Dirac or Majorana neutrino beam
Creators: name: Mohammadi, Rohoollah
name: Xue, She-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that for the reason of neutrinos being left-handed and their gauge-couplings being parity-violated, linearly polarized photons acquire their circular polarization by interacting with neutrinos. Calculating the ratio of linear and circular polarizations of laser photons interacting with either Dirac or Majorana neutrino beam, we obtain this ratio for the Dirac neutrino case, which is about twice less than the ratio for the Majorana neutrino case. Based on this ratio, we discuss the possibility of using advanced laser facilities and the T2K neutrino experiment to measure the circular polarization of laser beams interacting with neutrino beams in ground laboratories. This could be an additional and useful way to gain some insight into the physics of neutrinos, for instance their Dirac or Majorana nature.
description: 16 pages and 3 figures
Numerical Smoothing with Hierarchical Adaptive Sparse Grids and Quasi-Monte Carlo Methods for Efficient Option Pricing
Creators: name: Bayer, Christian
name: Hammouda, Chiheb Ben
name: Tempone, Raúl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Finance (q-fin.CP)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Pricing of Securities (q-fin.PR)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65C05, 65D30, 65D32, 65Y20, 91G20, 91G60

description: When approximating the expectations of a functional of a solution to a stochastic differential equation, the numerical performance of deterministic quadrature methods, such as sparse grid quadrature and quasi-Monte Carlo (QMC) methods, may critically depend on the regularity of the integrand. To overcome this issue and improve the regularity structure of the problem, we consider cases in which analytic smoothing (bias-free mollification) cannot be performed and introduce a novel numerical smoothing approach by combining a root-finding method with a one-dimensional numerical integration with respect to a single well-chosen variable. We prove that, under appropriate conditions, the resulting function of the remaining variables is highly smooth, potentially affording the improved efficiency of adaptive sparse grid quadrature (ASGQ) and QMC methods, particularly when combined with hierarchical transformations (ie., the Brownian bridge and Richardson extrapolation on the weak error). This approach facilitates the effective treatment of high dimensionality. Our study is motivated by option pricing problems, focusing on dynamics where the discretization of the asset price is necessary. Based on our analysis and numerical experiments, we demonstrate the advantages of combining numerical smoothing with the ASGQ and QMC methods over these methods without smoothing and the Monte Carlo approach. Finally, our approach is generic and can be applied to solve a broad class of problems, particularly approximating distribution functions, computing financial Greeks, and estimating risk quantities.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2003.05708
Theoretical and numerical studies of inverse source problem for the linear parabolic equation with sparse boundary measurements
Creators: name: Lin, Guang
name: Zhang, Zecheng
name: Zhang, Zhidong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the inverse source problem in the parabolic equation, where the unknown source possesses the semi-discrete formulation. Theoretically, we prove that the flux data from any nonempty open subset of the boundary can uniquely determine the semi-discrete source. This means the observed area can be extremely small, and that is why we call the data as sparse boundary data. For the numerical reconstruction, we formulate the problem from the Bayesian sequential prediction perspective and conduct the numerical examples which estimate the space-time-dependent source state by state. To better demonstrate the performance of the method, we solve two common multiscale problems from two models with a long sequence of the source. The numerical results illustrate that the inversion is accurate and efficient.
Influence of chirality on the electron transmission through step-like potential in zigzag, armchair, and (2m,m) carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Malysheva, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the one-electron spectrum and eigenstates of infinite achiral and chiral $(2m,m)$ carbon nanotubes found by using the analytic solution to the Schrödinger equation for the tight-binding Hückel-type Hamiltonian. With the help of matching the wave functions on the interfaces between the regions, where electrons have different site energies, we find and compare the transmission coefficients for zigzag, armchair and chiral nanotubes subjected to the action of an applied step-like potential. The correspondence between the nanotube band structure and the energy dependence of the transmission coefficient is demonstrated. It is shown that the $(2m,m)$ nanotubes with a medium chiral angle reveal intermediate transport properties as compared with the achiral armchair, and zigzag nanotubes.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Renormalizable toy model of massive spin two field and new bigravity
Creators: name: Ohara, Yuichi
name: Akagi, Satoshi
name: Nojiri, Shin'ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we propose a toy model of the renormalizable theory describing massive spin two field. Although the model is renormalizable, we show that the model contains ghost. The coupling of the theory with gravity can be regarded as a new kind of bimetric gravity or bigravity. We show that the massive spin two field plays the role of the cosmological constant.
description: LaTeX 11 pages, version to appear in Physical Review D
Amino acid-dependent cMyc expression is essential for NK cell metabolic and functional responses in mice
Creators: name: Loftus, R. M.
name: Assmann, N.
name: Kedia-Mehta, N.
name: O'Brien, K. L.
name: Garcia, A.
name: Gillespie, C.
name: Hukelmann, J. L.
name: Oefner, Peter J.
name: Lamond, A. I.
name: Gardiner, C. M.
name: Dettmer, Katja
name: Cantrell, D. A.
name: Sinclair, L. V.
name: Finlay, D. K.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: Natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes with important anti-tumour functions. Cytokine activation of NK cell glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) are essential for robust NK cell responses. However, the mechanisms leading to this metabolic phenotype are unclear. Here we show that the transcription factor cMyc is essential for IL-2/IL-12-induced metabolic and functional responses in mice. cMyc protein levels are acutely regulated by amino acids; cMyc protein is lost rapidly when glutamine is withdrawn or when system L-amino acid transport is blocked. We identify SLC7A5 as the predominant system L-amino acid transporter in activated NK cells. Unlike other lymphocyte subsets, glutaminolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle do not sustain OXPHOS in activated NK cells. Glutamine withdrawal, but not the inhibition of glutaminolysis, results in the loss of cMyc protein, reduced cell growth and impaired NK cell responses. These data identify an essential role for amino acid-controlled cMyc for NK cell metabolism and function.
Physics Assisted Deep Learning for Indoor Imaging using Phaseless Wi-Fi Measurements
Creators: name: Deshmukh, Samruddhi
name: Dubey, Amartansh
name: Ma, Dingfei
name: Chen, Qifeng
name: Murch, Ross
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A physics assisted deep learning framework to perform accurate indoor imaging using phaseless Wi-Fi measurements is proposed. It is able to image objects that are large (compared to wavelength) and have high permittivity values, that existing radio frequency (RF) inverse scattering techniques find very challenging, making it suitable for indoor RF imaging. The technique utilizes a Rytov based inverse scattering model with a deep learning framework. The inverse scattering model is based on an extended Rytov approximation (xRA) that pre-reconstructs the RF measurements. Under strong scattering conditions, this pre-reconstruction is related to the actual permittivity profile by a non-linear function, which is learned by a modified U-Net model to obtain the permittivity profile of the object. Thus, our proposed approach not only reconstructs the shape of objects, but also estimates their permittivity values accurately. We demonstrate its imaging performance using simulations as well as experimental results in an actual indoor environment using 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi phaseless measurements. For incident wavelength $λ_0$, the proposed framework can reconstruct objects with relative permittivity as high as 77 and electrical size as large as $40 λ$, where $λ=λ_0/\sqrt{77}$. This is in contrast to existing phaseless imaging techniques which cannot reconstruct permittivity values beyond 3 or 4. Thus, our proposed method is the first inverse scattering-based deep learning framework which can image large scatterers with high permittivity and achieve accurate indoor RF imaging using phaseless Wi-Fi measurements.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures. This work has been submitted to IEEE for possible publication
Significant continental source of ice-nucleating particles at the tip of Chile's southernmost Patagonia region
Creators: name: Gong, Xianda
name: Radenz, Martin
name: Wex, Heike
name: Seifert, Patric
name: Ataei, Farnoush
name: Henning, Silvia
name: Baars, Holger
name: Barja, Boris
name: Ansmann, Albert
name: Stratmann, Frank
Publisher: name: Katlenburg-Lindau : EGU
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chile
subject: aerosol
subject: cloud classification
subject: cloud microphysics
subject: concentration (composition)
subject: 550

description: The sources and abundance of ice-nucleating particles (INPs) that initiate cloud ice formation remain understudied, especially in the Southern Hemisphere. In this study, we present INP measurements taken close to Punta Arenas, Chile, at the southernmost tip of South America from May 2019 to March 2020, during the Dynamics, Aerosol, Cloud, And Precipitation Observations in the Pristine Environment of the Southern Ocean (DACAPO-PESO) campaign. The highest ice nucleation temperature was observed at −3◦C, and from this temperature down to ∼ −10◦C, a sharp increase of INP number concentration (NINP) was observed. Heating of the samples revealed that roughly 90 % and 80 % of INPs are proteinaceous-based biogenic particles at > −10 and −15◦C, respectively. The NINP at Punta Arenas is much higher than that in the Southern Ocean, but it is comparable with an agricultural area in Argentina and forestry environment in the US. Ice active surface site density (ns) is much higher than that for marine aerosol in the Southern Ocean, but comparable to English fertile soil dust. Parameterization based on particle number concentration in the size range larger than 500 nm (N>500 nm) from the global average (DeMott et al., 2010) overestimates the measured INP, but the parameterization representing biological particles from a forestry environment (Tobo et al., 2013) yields NINP comparable to this study. No clear seasonal variation of NINP was observed. High precipitation is one of the most important meteorological parameters to enhance the NINP in both cold and warm seasons. A comparison of data from in situ and lidar measurements showed good agreement for concentrations of large aerosol particles (> 500 nm) when assuming continental conditions for retrieval of the lidar data, suggesting that these particles were well mixed within the planetary boundary layer (PBL). This corroborates the continental origin of these particles, consistent with the results from our INP source analysis. Overall, we suggest that a high NINP of biogenic INPs originated from terrestrial sources and were added to the marine air masses during the overflow of a maximum of roughly 150 km of land before arriving at the measurement station.
New Jersey Farm and Ranch Lands Protection Program
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS)
Year: 2003

description: This document is a summary of the USDA Farm and Ranch Lands Protection Program (FRPP), which helps farmers and ranchers keep their productive land in agriculture. The program partners with States, Tribes, local governments and non-profit organizations to purchase conservation easements for the purpose of protecting topsoil by limiting nonagricultural uses of the land. The summary consist of a program overview, the accomplishments, and an outlook.
Tuning contact angles of aqueous droplets on hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces by surfactants
Creators: name: Staniscia, Fabio
name: Guzman, Horacio V.
name: Kanduč, Matej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Adsorption of small amphiphilic molecules occurs in various biological and technological processes, sometimes desired, the other times unwanted (e.g., contamination). Surface-active molecules preferentially bind to interfaces and affect their wetting properties. We study the adsorption of short-chained alcohols (simple surfactants) to the water-vapor interface and solid surfaces of various polarities using molecular dynamics simulations. The analysis enables us to establish a theoretical expression for the adsorption coefficient, which exponentially scales with the molecular surface area and the surface wetting coefficient, and which is in good agreement with the simulation results. The competition of the adsorptions to both interfaces of a sessile droplet alters its contact angle in a nontrivial way. The influence of surfactants is strongest on very hydrophilic and very hydrophobic surfaces, whereas droplets on surfaces of moderate hydrophilicity are much less affected.
Protected Open Space Inventory: Readington Township, Hunterdon County, New Jersey
Creators: name: Royle, Denise
Publisher: name: South Branch Watershed Association
Year: 1992

description: This document provides an inventory of open space in Readington Township including parkland, conservation easements, rights of way, public land, semi-public land, and farmland.  The project examines the need to consider the planning of open space protection for the future as opposed to letting the current trend of sprawling development continue. It also highlights possible linkages of open space that could improve the use of larger green ways and enhance natural resource areas.
Inside the Pinelands: A Report by the Pinelands Preservation Alliance, December 2003/January 2004, Vol.11, No.2
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Pinelands Preservation Alliance
Year: 2004

description: This is the bimonthly newsletter of the Pinelands Preservation Alliance (PPA), a nonprofit organization working to protect and preserve the resources of the New Jersey Pinelands. This issue features: Hearing on Heritage Mineral Site Proposed Settlement; Hits and Misses of 2003; McPhee's The Pine Barrens Chosen Book of the Year.
Facts: Volatile Organic Compounds in Drinking Water
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Department of Health and Senior Services, Consumer and Environmental Health Services, Division of Epidemiology, Environmental and Occupational Health
Year: 1997

description: This pamphlet identifies what volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are and discusses how VOCs can get into drinking water. The pamphlet describes the potentially negative health effects from VOCs in drinking water and how the public can minimize exposure to VOCs in drinking water.
Vortex gyroscope imaging of planar superfluids
Creators: name: Powis, A. T.
name: Sammut, S. J.
name: Simula, T. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a robust imaging technique that makes it possible to distinguish vortices from antivortices in quasi-two-dimensional Bose--Einstein condensates from a single image of the density of the atoms. Tilting the planar condensate prior to standard absorption imaging excites a generalized gyroscopic mode of the condensate revealing the sign and location of each vortex. This technique is anticipated to enable experimental measurement of the incompressible kinetic energy spectrum of the condensate and the observation of a negative temperature phase transition of the vortex gas, driven by two-dimensional superfluid turbulence.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Egg Harbor Township Community Vision Plan, Community Notebook: Economic Analysis
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Pinelands Commission, Pinelands Excellence Program
Year: 2005

description: This document contains economic information on the Egg Harbor Township Community Vision Plan, including Pinelands population, housing units, property value, residential property tax, land use classes, housing transactions, farm acreage, new school space, office space, retail space, and unemployment rate. Data is available in color charts, and the Community Map Series include: (1) Base Map, (2) Zoning Overlay, (3) Regional Growth Area Base Map, (4) Wetlands and Wetlands Buffers in RGA (Regional Growth Area), (5) Regional Location, and (6) Public Lands.
Characteristics of immune memory 10–15 years after primary hepatitis B vaccination
Creators: name: Brunskole Hummel, Irena
name: Zitzmann, Anita
name: Erl, Monika
name: Wenzel, Jürgen J.
name: Jilg, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; SURFACE-ANTIGEN; ANTIBODY-RESPONSE; T-CELL; NEONATAL IMMUNIZATION; INTERFERON-GAMMA; BOOSTER; VIRUS; ADOLESCENTS; PROTECTION; Hepatitis B vaccination; Immune memory; Kinetics; Anti-HBs titre; Cellular immunity; ELISpot
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Background and aims: The definition of immune memory after hepatitis B vaccination is still under debate. Therefore, we analysed hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-specific memory in more detail by investigating the kinetics of humoral and cellular responses after hepatitis B booster vaccination. Methods: The anti-HBs kinetics of 23 individuals with anti-HBs titres below 10 IU/I, who had been vaccinated 10-15 years ago, was monitored at day 0, 3, 7,14 and 28 after booster vaccination. HBsAg-specific IFN gamma- and IL5-secreting cells in enriched CD4(+) fraction were measured at day 0, 7 and 28 post-booster by enzyme-linked immunospot assay (ELISpot). Results: 22 of 23 subjects showed similar anti-HBs kinetic curves, including 3 of 4 subjects who did not reach anti-HBs titres of 10 IU/I. The steep anti-HBs increase started between day 3 and 7 and peaked around day 14. A plateau or only minimal changes were visible between day 14 and 28. 17.4% of subjects showed pre-booster cellular responses, and this rate had increased to 47.8% and 56.5% after 7 and 28 days, respectively. The kinetic patterns of T cell responses differed considerably among subjects. A dominance of Th2 responses (IL5 secretion) over Th1 responses (IFN gamma secretion) could be observed. Conclusions: The presence of B cell memory could be shown by a typical anamnestic anti-HBs response curve after a booster dose in all but one individual. In contrast, T cell responses to booster vaccination, which occurred in approximately 50% of participants, were rather heterogeneous. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Economic and Population Growth in Small Central Place Areas of Pennsylvania
Creators: name: Forsht, R. Gar
name: Jansma, J. Dean
name: Forsht, R. Gar
name: Jansma, J. Dean
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1975
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Regional growth
subject: economic growth
subject: economic development
subject: economic activity
subject: natural resources
subject: multiple regression
subject: urban areas
subject: rural areas

description: This study examines regional economic growth and development in Pennsylvania, with major emphasis on rural areas. The overall results indicate that many of the smaller rural areas in Pennsylvania are viable economic entities. The findings generally support the theory of balanced economic growth. The rate of population growth from 1960 to 1970 was used to examine the economic activity of central place areas. A central place area consists of a central place (borough or city) plus its complementary or hinterland area. The results obtained, using multiple regression analysis, indicate that the percentage of workers employed in manufacturing durable goods (such as furniture, machinery, and metal products) and manufacturing nondurable goods (such as food, apparel, rubber, and plastic products) industries was highly correlated with the rate of an area's population growth. It was also found that the higher rates of population growth occurred in the smaller rural areas, which tended to attract the low-wage, nondurable goods industries. The economic activity of the areas oriented to the natural resource based industries of agriculture and mining were also examined. The agricultural areas were found to be scattered through the State; population was growing in these areas. Conversely, mining areas were concentrated in the northeast and west-central parts of the State; these areas were losing population.
"Don't Be a Karen": Racial Boundary Making and the Preservation of Whiteness
Creators: name: McLaughlin, Alyssa
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: whiteness
subject: white identity
subject: racial boundary making
subject: critical race theory
subject: race
subject: racism

description: This research seeks to examine how white women, deemed culturally to be “Karens”, employ behaviors in an effort to maintain racial boundaries and, subsequently, preserve whiteness. By relying on previous scholar’s work in the sociology of whiteness, these findings aim to expand our understanding of whiteness as property to encompass things beyond material or economic wealth, to identify concrete examples of Feagin’s (2020) white racial frame in practice, as well as draw connections between Feagin’s (2020) work and the concept of “white habitus”, which describes strong networks or associations between white people that produce favorable ideas of whiteness and negative feelings towards people of color. Utilizing digital content analysis, this research analyzed ten TikTok videos found through the utilization of the hashtag “#racistKaren” that depicts recorded conflicts between white women and people of color in public spaces. Findings include that white women were driven to initiate suspicion motivated conflicts. In doing so, they often employed a variety of tactics with the ultimate goal of getting people of color to vacate the space they were occupying. These tactics include self-policing, intentions to threaten or harm, and calling upon third party intervention. Ultimately, these findings lend further insight into the social processes white women engage in when determining who belongs in what they deem to be “white space”, affirming that they are working to maintain the racial boundary and, ultimately, preserve the whiteness that accompanies that racial boundary.
The effect of dephasing on thermoelectric efficiency of molecular junctions
Creators: name: Zimbovskaya, Natalya A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we report the results of theoretical analysis of the effect of thermal environment on the thermoelectric efficiency of molecular junctions. The environment is represented by two thermal phonon baths associated with the electrodes which are kept at different temperatures. The analysis is carried out using the Buttiker model within the scattering matrix formalism to compute electron transmission through the system. This approach is further developed, so that the dephasing parameters are expressed in terms of relevant energies including the thermal energy, strengths of coupling between the molecular bridge and the electrodes and characteristic energies of electron-phonon interactions. It is shown that the latter significantly affect thermoelectric efficiency by destroying coherency of the electron transport through the considered system.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, text added, Fig.2 is chenged
Graph neural network initialisation of quantum approximate optimisation
Creators: name: Jain, Nishant
name: Coyle, Brian
name: Kashefi, Elham
name: Kumar, Niraj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Approximate combinatorial optimisation has emerged as one of the most promising application areas for quantum computers, particularly those in the near term. In this work, we focus on the quantum approximate optimisation algorithm (QAOA) for solving the MaxCut problem. Specifically, we address two problems in the QAOA, how to initialise the algorithm, and how to subsequently train the parameters to find an optimal solution. For the former, we propose graph neural networks (GNNs) as a warm-starting technique for QAOA. We demonstrate that merging GNNs with QAOA can outperform both approaches individually. Furthermore, we demonstrate how graph neural networks enables warm-start generalisation across not only graph instances, but also to increasing graph sizes, a feature not straightforwardly available to other warm-starting methods. For training the QAOA, we test several optimisers for the MaxCut problem up to 16 qubits and benchmark against vanilla gradient descent. These include quantum aware/agnostic and machine learning based/neural optimisers. Examples of the latter include reinforcement and meta-learning. With the incorporation of these initialisation and optimisation toolkits, we demonstrate how the optimisation problems can be solved using QAOA in an end-to-end differentiable pipeline.
description: 12 pages, 8 Figures - publised version
2000 Fish IBI Summary Report
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP)
Year: 2000

description: The monitoring of stream fish assemblages is an integral component of many water quality management programs for a variety of reasons, and its importance is reflected in the aquatic life use support designations adopted by many states. Narrative expressions such as 'maintaining coldwater fisheries', 'fishable', or 'fish propagation' are prevalent in many state standards. Here in New Jersey, surface water quality criteria are closely aligned with descriptors such as trout production, trout maintenance and non-trout waterways. Assessments of fish assemblages can measure the overall structure and function of the icthyofaunal community to adequately evaluate biological integrity and protect surface water quality. Fish bioassessment data quality and comparability are assured through the utilization of qualified fisheries professionals and consistent methods. Data provided by the fish IBI (Index of Biotic Integrity) can serve to assess use attainment, develop biological criteria, prioritize sites for further evaluation, provide a reproducible impact assessment, and assess status and trends of the fish assemblage.
Commercial and Industrial OandM Market Segment Baseline Study
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: RLW Analytics
Year: 1999

description: RLW Analytics, Inc. (RLW) conducted a market assessment of Operations and Maintenance (OM) practice focused on Office, Health Care and Manufacturing facilities in the Northeastern United States. The eight sponsoring utilities for this effort were Boston Edison, Boston Gas, Commonwealth Energy, Eastern Utilities Associates, New England Electric, Northeast Utilities, Public Service Electric and Gas, and UNITIL. In the study, RLW developed an in-depth and comprehensive characterization of the commercial and industrial OM market in the serviceterritories of these eight utilities, covering Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut and New Jersey. The vision of the utilities is the eventual offering of products and services to transform the efficiency of the OM market for all fuels.
Scaling description of creep flow in amorphous solids
Creators: name: Popović, Marko
name: de Geus, Tom W. J.
name: Ji, Wencheng
name: Rosso, Alberto
name: Wyart, Matthieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Amorphous solids such as coffee foam, toothpaste or mayonnaise display a transient creep flow when a stress $Σ$ is suddenly imposed. The associated strain rate is commonly found to decay in time as $\dotγ \sim t^{-ν}$, followed either by arrest or by a sudden fluidisation. Various empirical laws have been suggested for the creep exponent $ν$ and fluidisation time $τ_f$ in experimental and numerical studies. Here, we postulate that plastic flow is governed by the difference between $Σ$ and the transient yield stress $Σ_t(γ)$ that characterises the stability of configurations visited by the system at strain $γ$. Assuming the analyticity of $Σ_t(γ)$ allows us to predict $ν$ and asymptotic behaviours of $τ_f$ in terms of properties of stationary flows. We test successfully our predictions using elastoplastic models and published experimental results.
Watershed Focus Newsletter, Summer 2006
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP), Division of Watershed Management
Year: 2006

description: The Watershed Focus Newsletter, which is published by the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection's Division of Watershed Management, concentrates on watershed management, stormwater and nonpoint source pollution management issues in New Jersey. The Summer 2006 issue features the following articles: Swartswood Lake NPS Improvement Projects: Intra-agency Cooperation to Yield Improved Water Quality; Point System for Non-Structural BMPs: Available on the Web; 46 Pathogen TMDLs Established: Coastal Shellfish Impairments Assessed; Environmental Excellence Awards: Nominations Due Septemner 22; Warimanco Park Lake Restoration: Buffers in Union County; Watershed Ambassador Partnership Projects: From Plastics to Paddles to Plantings; New Riparian Buffers for Northwest New Jersey: Nine Projects Completed in 2006; Public Service Awards for DWM Staff: TMDL Team and Volunteer Monitoring Coordinator Recognized; Volunteer Monitoring Summit: November 2 and 3 at Monmouth University; Clean Water Council Hearing on WQMPs: October 10 at DEP Headquarters; South Branch Trains Volunteers: Macroinvertebrates in the Rain; Students of the South Branch: 700 Visit the River; Fall Volunteer Monitoring Training Opportunities: Rapid Bioassessment and Study Design.
Smart Conservation: The 'Green' Side of Smart Growth
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Future
Year: 2003

description: Smart Growth is well known as the broad effort to direct development to older areas and new centers in good locations, while conserving the open countryside. Smart Conservation is the 'green' side of smart growth. Its substantive goal is an interconnected, regional web of open and healthy recreational areas, ecosystems, wildlife habitats, water supplies and agriculture. As government policy, Smart Conservation integrates tools often used to counter purposes today: land-use planning, regulation, spending on open space and infrastructure like roads and sewers, and tax policy. Smart Conservation also creates mutually supportive linkages between the actions of state and local government. In New Jersey (outside the 927,000 acres of the Pinelands that is governed under a special statute) the elements of Smart Conservation are at best disconnected from, and at worst directly in conflict with, natural resource and farmland preservation. New Jersey Future has reviewed the state's land conservation programs and researched alternative models from other jurisdictions. Their research findings are summarized in this report, along with their leading policy recommendations, which are particular to New Jersey but hopefully offer direction for other jurisdictions.
Graph-Based Depth Denoising & Dequantization for Point Cloud Enhancement
Creators: name: Zhang, Xue
name: Cheung, Gene
name: Pang, Jiahao
name: Sanghvi, Yash
name: Gnanasambandam, Abhiram
name: Chan, Stanley H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A 3D point cloud is typically constructed from depth measurements acquired by sensors at one or more viewpoints. The measurements suffer from both quantization and noise corruption. To improve quality, previous works denoise a point cloud \textit{a posteriori} after projecting the imperfect depth data onto 3D space. Instead, we enhance depth measurements directly on the sensed images \textit{a priori}, before synthesizing a 3D point cloud. By enhancing near the physical sensing process, we tailor our optimization to our depth formation model before subsequent processing steps that obscure measurement errors. Specifically, we model depth formation as a combined process of signal-dependent noise addition and non-uniform log-based quantization. The designed model is validated (with parameters fitted) using collected empirical data from a representative depth sensor. To enhance each pixel row in a depth image, we first encode intra-view similarities between available row pixels as edge weights via feature graph learning. We next establish inter-view similarities with another rectified depth image via viewpoint mapping and sparse linear interpolation. This leads to a maximum a posteriori (MAP) graph filtering objective that is convex and differentiable. We minimize the objective efficiently using accelerated gradient descent (AGD), where the optimal step size is approximated via Gershgorin circle theorem (GCT). Experiments show that our method significantly outperformed recent point cloud denoising schemes and state-of-the-art image denoising schemes in two established point cloud quality metrics.
description: 16 pages,14 figures
ANJEC Report Winter 2001: Vol. 21, No. 1
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: ANJEC
Year: 2001

description: This study from the ANJEC includes environmental reports on such issues as watershed zoning, the ANJEC Environmental Achievement Awards, the mapping of wellhead protection areas, and important environmental laws for 2000.  Also included is information on endangered and threatened species, how to cut down on driving, watershed management, and environmental book reviews.
Vertical aerosol particle exchange in the marine boundary layer estimated from helicopter-borne measurements in the Azores region
Creators: name: Lückerath, Janine
name: Held, Andreas
name: Siebert, Holger
name: Michalkow, Michel
name: Wehner, Birgit
Publisher: name: Katlenburg-Lindau : EGU
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: cloud condensation nuclei
subject: ARM Mobile Facilities
subject: dry deposition
subject: flux measurements
subject: eddy correlations
subject: 550

description: Aerosol particles are important for radiation effects, cloud formation, and therefore the climate system. A detailed understanding of the spatial distribution of aerosol particles within the atmospheric boundary layer, which depends on sources and sinks, as well as long-range transport and vertical exchange, is important. Especially in marine regions, where the climate effect of clouds is comparably high, long-range transport with subsequent vertical mixing dominates over local aerosol sources. In this study, three different methods were applied to estimate the vertical aerosol particle flux in the marine boundary layer (MBL) and the vertical exchange between the MBL and the free troposphere (FT): eddy covariance (EC), flux–gradient similarity (K theory), and the mixed-layer gradient method (MLG). For the first time, MBL aerosol fluxes derived from these three methods were compared in the framework of the “Azores Stratocumulus Measurements of Radiation, Turbulence and Aerosols” (ACORES) field campaign in the Azores region in the northeastern Atlantic Ocean in July 2017. Meteorological parameters and aerosol and cloud properties were measured in the marine troposphere using the helicopter-borne measurement platform ACTOS (Airborne Cloud Turbulence Observation System). All three methods were applied to estimate the net particle exchange between MBL and FT. In many cases, the entrainment fluxes of the MLG method agreed within the range of uncertainty with the EC and K-theory flux estimates close to the top of the MBL, while the surface flux estimates of the different methods diverged. It was not possible to measure directly above the surface with the helicopter-borne payload, which might be a source of uncertainty in the surface fluxes. The observed particle fluxes at the top of the MBL ranged from 0 to 10×106 m−2 s−1 both in the upward and the downward direction, and the associated uncertainties were on the same order of magnitude. Even though the uncertainties of all three methods are considerable, the results of this study contribute to an improved understanding of the transport of particles between the MBL and FT and their distribution in the MBL.