cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Constraining neutron superfluidity with $r$-mode physics
Creators: name: Kantor, Elena M.
name: Gusakov, Mikhail E.
name: Dommes, Vasiliy A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We constrain the parameters of neutron superfluidity in the cores of neutron stars making use of the recently proposed effect of resonance stabilization of $r$-modes. To this end, we, for the first time, calculate the finite-temperature $r$-mode spectra for realistic models of rotating superfluid neutron stars, accounting for both muons and neutron-proton entrainment in their interiors. We find that the ordinary (normal) $r$-mode exhibits avoided crossings with superfluid $r$-modes at certain stellar temperatures and spin frequencies. Near the avoided crossings, the normal $r$-mode dissipates strongly, which leads to substantial suppression of the $r$-mode instability there. The extreme sensitivity of the positions of avoided crossings to the neutron superfluidity model allows us to constrain the latter by confronting the calculated spectra with observations of rapidly rotating neutron stars in low-mass X-ray binaries.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett
Data_availability_Clathrus_columnatus_genome
Creators: name: Ogiso-Tanaka, Eri
name: Itagaki, Hiyori
name: Ohmae, Muneyuki
name: HOSOYA, Tsuyoshi
name: Hosaka, Kentaro
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 60408 Genomics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We report the reference genome of Clathrus columnatus isolate MO-923, which was isolated from Chichijima Island, the Ogasawara (Bonin) Islands, Japan. Oxford Nanopore MinION and Illumina sequence reads were assembled using NECAT and polished using pilon to yield 36.51 Mb genome with 10625 predicted protein-coding genes.
Nanoscale ferroelectricity in pseudo-cubic sol-gel derived barium titanate -- bismuth ferrite (BaTiO$_3$-BiFeO$_3$) solid solutions
Creators: name: Lukowiak, A. Pakalniskis A.
name: Niaura, G.
name: Gluchowski, P.
name: Karpinsky, D. V.
name: Alikin, D. O.
name: Abramov, A. S.
name: Zhaludkevich, A.
name: Silibin, M.
name: Kholkin, A. L.
name: Skaudzius, R.
name: Strek, W.
name: Kareiva, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single phase barium titanate-bismuth ferrite ((1-x)BaTi$_3$-(x)BiFe$_3$, BTO-BFO) solid solutions were prepared using citric acid and ethylene glycol assisted sol-gel synthesis method. Depending on the dopant content the samples are characterized by tetragonal, tetragonal-pseudocubic, pseudocubic and rhombohedral structure as confirmed by Raman spectroscopy and XRD measurements. An increase of the BFO content leads to a reduction in the cell parameters accompanied by a decrease in polar distortion of the unit cell wherein an average particle size increases from 60 up to 350 nm. Non zero piezoresponse was observed in the compounds with pseudocubic structure while no polar distortion was detected in their crystal structure using X-ray diffraction method. The origin of the observed non-negligible piezoresponse was discussed assuming a coexistence of nanoscale polar and non-polar phases attributed to the solid solutions with high BFO content. A coexistence of the nanoscale regions having polar and non-polar character is considered as a key factor to increase macroscopic piezoresponse in the related compounds due to increased mobility of the domain walls and phase boundaries.
Enhancing the dielectric, electrocaloric and energy storage properties of lead-free Ba0.85Ca0.15Zr0.1Ti0.9O3 ceramics prepared via sol-gel process
Creators: name: Mezzourh, H.
name: Belkhadir, S.
name: Mezzane, D.
name: Amjoud, M.
name: Choukri, E.
name: Lahmar, A.
name: Gagou, Y.
name: Kutnjak, Z.
name: Marssi, M. El
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Ba0.85Ca0.15Zr0.1Ti0.9O3 (BCZT) ceramics were successfully prepared by sol-gel process, and sintered at 1420 degree. The effect of sintering times (2, 4 and 6 h) on structural, microstructural, electric properties, energy storage, and electrocaloric effect was systematically examined. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results show that all the samples crystallize in the pure perovskite structure. The morphotropic phase transition from the tetragonal to the orthorhombic phase (T-O) was identified and confirmed by Rietveld refinement. The BCZT ceramic sintered at 1420 degree for 4h possesses a good relative density of 98%, and exhibits optimal properties with a high dielectric permittivity ~16310, a large electrocaloric effect coefficient ~ 0.244Kmm/kV and an energy density storage of ~ 10.61 mJ/cm3.
Grammatical elicitation: Relative order of stressed suffixes
Creators: name: Ovelar, Irma Easty
name: Dabkowski, Maksymilian
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: gug

description: Relative order of stressed suffixes, including -vy, -guy, -pa, -ramo, -mi, -se, -ve, -rire, -aja, -gua'u, -ite, -pota, -ha, -mo'ã.
Spatiotemporal Dilated Convolution with Uncertain Matching for Video-based Crowd Estimation
Creators: name: Ma, Yu-Jen
name: Shuai, Hong-Han
name: Cheng, Wen-Huang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose a novel SpatioTemporal convolutional Dense Network (STDNet) to address the video-based crowd counting problem, which contains the decomposition of 3D convolution and the 3D spatiotemporal dilated dense convolution to alleviate the rapid growth of the model size caused by the Conv3D layer. Moreover, since the dilated convolution extracts the multiscale features, we combine the dilated convolution with the channel attention block to enhance the feature representations. Due to the error that occurs from the difficulty of labeling crowds, especially for videos, imprecise or standard-inconsistent labels may lead to poor convergence for the model. To address this issue, we further propose a new patch-wise regression loss (PRL) to improve the original pixel-wise loss. Experimental results on three video-based benchmarks, i.e., the UCSD, Mall and WorldExpo'10 datasets, show that STDNet outperforms both image- and video-based state-of-the-art methods. The source codes are released at \url{https://github.com/STDNet/STDNet}.
description: Accepted by IEEE Transactions on Multimedia, 2021 (https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9316927)
A NICMOS search for obscured Supernovae in starburst galaxies
Creators: name: Cresci, G.
name: Mannucci, F.
name: Della Valle, M.
name: Maiolino, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detection of obscured supernovae (SNe) in near-infrared monitoring campaigns of starburst galaxies has shown that a significant fraction of SNe is missed by optical surveys. However, the number of SNe detected in ground-based near-IR observations is still significantly lower than the number of SNe extrapolated from the FIR luminosity of the hosts. A possibility is that most SNe occur within the nuclear regions, where the limited angular resolution of ground-based observations prevents their detection. This issue prompted us to exploit the superior angular resolution of NICMOS-HST to search for obscured SNe within the first kpc from the nucleus of strong starbursting galaxies. A total of 17 galaxies were observed in SNAPSHOT mode. Based on their FIR luminosity, we expected to detect not less than ~12 SNe. However, no confirmed SN event was found. From our data we derive an observed nuclear SN rate <0.5 SN/yr per galaxy. The shortage of SN detections can be explained by a combination of several effects. The most important are: i) the existence of a strong extinction, A_V>11; ii) most SNe occur within the first 0.5" (which corresponds in our sample to about 500pc) where even NICMOS is unable to detect SN events.
description: 7 pages, accepted for publication in A&A
Associated production in pp and heavy ion collisions
Creators: name: Shao, Hua-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Associated particle production processes in pp and heavy ion collisions at the LHC are in particular interesting in the sense that they provide unique tools to study double parton scattering (DPS) mechanism. In this talk, I will first review the recent theoretical, phenomenological and experimental developments of DPS in pp collisions. Then, I will focus on the DPS studies in heavy ion collisions, and stress their roles in understanding the cold nuclear matter effects, such as the (poorly known) impact-parameter dependent nuclear parton densities.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, accepted contribution to proceedings of the 8th Annual Conference on Large Hadron Collider Physics (LHCP2020), 25-30 May, 2020, online
Grammatical elicitation: Nasality and loanwords
Creators: name: Ovelar, Irma Easty
name: Russell, Katherine
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: gug

description: Spreading of nasality, or lack thereof, in noun-noun compounds, noun incorporation, and with various suffixes; elicitation of forms in negation, and behavior of various loanwords with regards to nasal harmony.
On Gravitational anomaly and Hawking radiation near weakly isolated horizon
Creators: name: Wu, Xiaoning
name: Huang, Chao-Guang
name: Sun, Jia-Rui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the idea of the work by Wilczek and his collaborators, we consider the gravitational anomaly near weekly isolated horizon. We find that there exists a universal choice of tortoise coordinate for any weakly isolated horizon. Under this coordinate, the leading behavior of a quite arbitrary scalar field near horizon is a 2-dimensional chiral scalar field. This means we can extend the idea of Wilczek and his collaborators to more general cases and show the relation between gravitational anomaly and Hawking radiation is a universal property of black hole horizon.
description: 14 pages
Prediction of software execution time based on software metrics
Creators: name: Li, Ying N.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A method to estimate the execution time of software based on static metrics is proposed in this thesis. The ability to produce an accurate estimate of execution times as early as possible in the development phase is highly desirable. For hard real-time systems, an extremely slow function may require an entire system to be redesigned. In the proposed method, principal components and linear regression modeling are used to formulate a model from a given set of representative functions. It is assumed that all functions are programmed in a structured manner. The final result is a model that can be used to generate decent first approximations of execution times. Once the model is established, it is used to predict the execution times of other test functions. The major problem encountered in the modeling is the indeterminate nature of loops in a function. The number of times a loop structure is executed is dependent on the input parameters. It is a dynamic characteristic and is impossible to measure with static metrics. Our solution is to expand the source code by the number of times the loop is expected to execute. Then, the metrics are taken from the expanded code. Extremely high correlations were observed between the actual and the predicted execution times with the exception of fast functions. It appears that the metrics used were insufficient for fast functions. This method seems to work even across different execution platforms and languages. Though, this claim is requires further investigation.
Holograhic two-currents model with coupling and its conductivites
Creators: name: Zhang, Dan
name: Zhou, Zhenhua
name: Fu, Guoyang
name: Wu, Jian-Pin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We implement a holographic gravity model of two gauge fields with a coupling between them, which is dual to a two-currents model. An analytical black brane solution is obtained. In particular, we work out the expressions of conductivities with coupling and find that the expressions of conductivities are directly related to the coupling parameter $θ$. It is the main topic of our present work. As an application, we calculate the conductivities by the scheme outlined here and briefly discuss the properties of the conductivities. An interesting property is that as the coupling $θ$ increases, the dip at low frequency in $Re[σ_A]$/$Re[σ_B]$ becomes deepening and then turns into a hard-gap-like when $θ=1$, which is independent of the doping $χ$. Some monotonic behaviors of the conductivities are also discussed.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
Obituary/Biography of James Goldie, June 22, 1971
Creators: name: [Unknown]
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Handwritten obituary/biography of James Goldie's life and the main events of it, ranging from his birth in Ayr, Ontario to his death at the Vernon Jubilee Hopsital at the age of 93 on June 22, 1971.
Hall conductivity in the presence of spin-orbit interaction and disorder
Creators: name: Arsenault, Louis-François
name: Movaghar, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from the Kubo formula, we expand the Hall conductivity using a cumulant approach which converges quickly at high temperatures (k_BT > energy differences of initial and final scattering states) and can be extended to low temperatures. The theory can deal with the sign, the ordinary and the anomalous contributions to the Hall effect. When applied to include the spin-orbit interaction to first order, we recover what is essentially the Karplus-Luttinger result for the anomalous Hall effect. Contact is made to the Chazalviel and Nozieres-Lewiner formulae. A side-jump type formula is obtained by using an exact application of linear response. We show that there exists an exact rigid Hall current which is not a Fermi level property. We introduce a relationship between mass and diffusivity which allows us to generalize the theory to strong disorder and even introduce a mobility edge. The formalism provides a systematic and practical way of analyzing both ordinary and anomalous contributions to the Hall conduction including the changes of sign, and in the presence of serious disorder. As a byproduct of the method, we show that the anomalous Hall coefficient can vary with resistance to the power n, with 1 <= n <= 2 depending on the degree of coherence.
description: Accepted for publication in Physical Review B
Irregular collective dynamics in a Kuramoto-Daido system
Creators: name: Clusella, Pau
name: Politi, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the collective behavior of a mean-field model of phase-oscillators of Kuramoto-Daido type coupled through pairwise interactions which depend on phase differences: the coupling function is composed of three harmonics. We provide convincing evidence of a transient but long-lasting chaotic collective chaos, which persists in the thermodynamic limit. The regime is analysed with the help of clever direct numerical simulations, by determining the maximum Lyapunov exponent and assessing the transversal stability to the self-consistent mean field. The structure of the invariant measure is finally described in terms of a resolution-dependent entropy.
Stability of the boundary layer expansion for the 3D plane parallel MHD flow
Creators: name: Ding, Shijin
name: Lin, Zhilin
name: Niu, Dongjuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we establish the mathematical validity of the Prandtl boundary layer theory for a class of nonlinear plane parallel flows of viscous incompressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow with no-slip boundary condition of velocity and perfectly conducting wall for magnetic fields. The convergence is shown under various Sobolev norms, including the physically important space-time uniform norm $L^\infty(H^1)$. In addition, the similar convergence results are also obtained under the case with uniform magnetic fields. This implies the stabilizing effects of magnetic fields. Besides, the higher-order expansion is also considered.
description: 28 pages
Exact ground state for a class of matrix Hamiltonian models: quantum phase transition and universality in the thermodynamic limit
Creators: name: Ostilli, Massimo
name: Presilla, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using a recently proposed probabilistic approach, we determine the exact ground state of a class of matrix Hamiltonian models characterized by the fact that in the thermodynamic limit the multiplicities of the potential values assumed by the system during its evolution are distributed according to a multinomial probability density. The class includes i) the uniformly fully connected models, namely a collection of states all connected with equal hopping coefficients and in the presence of a potential operator with arbitrary levels and degeneracies, and ii) the random potential systems, in which the hopping operator is generic and arbitrary potential levels are assigned randomly to the states with arbitrary probabilities. For this class of models we find a universal thermodynamic limit characterized only by the levels of the potential, rescaled by the ground-state energy of the system for zero potential, and by the corresponding degeneracies (probabilities). If the degeneracy (probability) of the lowest potential level tends to zero, the ground state of the system undergoes a quantum phase transition between a normal phase and a frozen phase with zero hopping energy. In the frozen phase the ground state condensates into the subspace spanned by the states of the system associated with the lowest potential level.
description: 31 pages, 13 figures
ASYLUM SEEKERS AND THE RIGHT TO LIBERTY AND SECURITY: THE PORTUGUESE CASE
Creators: name: De Oliveira, Emellin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Portuguese Asylum Law, migration, detention of migrants

description: The Portuguese Asylum Law foresees limits to the detention of asylum seekers, in the same terms provided by the Reception Conditions Directive, in practice asylum requests presented at external borders imply systematic detention. Even with the changes in the practices that were implemented at the Lisbon Airport since March 2020, the Portuguese Asylum Law was not amended, which justifies the detention of asylum seekers both in Porto and Algarve, for instance. In this line, this analysis focus on the systematic use of detention of migrants in Portugal, arguing that the use of detention, particularly in the case of forced mobility, could constitute an obstacle to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goal 16 (SDG 16), which aims at promoting the rule of law, nationally and internationally, and ensuring equal access to justice for all.
EUROSHIP Working Paper No. 10: The Social Dimension of the European Union: Grand Strategies, Governance Framework and Policy Development in the EU (2000-2020)
Creators: name: Panaro, Angelo Vito
name: Shahini, Viola
name: Jessoula, Matteo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 160699 Political Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Working paper in a project`s working papers` series
Fingered growth in channel geometry: A Loewner equation approach
Creators: name: Gubiec, T.
name: Szymczak, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple model of Laplacian growth is considered, in which the growth takes place only at the tips of long, thin fingers. In a recent paper, Carleson and Makarov used the deterministic Loewner equation to describe the evolution of such a system. We extend their approach to a channel geometry and show that the presence of the side walls has a significant influence on the evolution of the fingers and the dynamics of the screening process, in which longer fingers suppress the growth of the shorter ones.
Exact Solutions to Non-Linear Symmetron Theory II: One and Two Mirror Systems
Creators: name: Pitschmann, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the exact analytical solutions to the symmetron field theory equations in the presence of a one or two mirror system in the case of a spontaneously broken phase in vacuum as well as in matter. This complements a similar analysis performed in a previous article [1], in which the symmetron is in the spontaneously broken phase in vacuum but in the symmetric phase in matter. Here again, the one dimensional equations of motion are integrated exactly for both systems and their solutions are expressed in terms of Jacobi elliptic functions. In the case of two parallel mirrors the equations of motion provide also in this case a discrete set of solutions with increasing number of nodes and energies. The solutions obtained herein can be applied to qBOUNCE experiments, neutron interferometry and to the calculation of the symmetron field induced "Casimir force" in the Cannex experiment and allow to extend the investigation to hitherto unavailable regions in symmetron parameter space.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Grammatical elicitation: Wh-movement, pied-piping and clitic placement
Creators: name: Ovelar, Irma Easty
name: Dabkowski, Maksymilian
name: Jarvis, Rebecca
name: Michael, Lev
name: Russell, Katherine
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: gug

description: Includes clausal pied-piping, whose-fronting; placement of =hina and =kuri in matrix clauses.
Considerations on Deception Techniques Used in Political and Product Marketing
Creators: name: Kopp, Carlo
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 469999
subject: Other information and computing sciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 440804
subject: Defence studies
classificationCode: 440899
subject: Political science not elsewhere classified

description: C. Kopp, “Considerations on Deception Techniques used in Political and Product Marketing,” in Proceedings of the 7th Australian Information Warfare & Security Conference 2006 (IWAR 2006), C. Valli and A. Woodward, Eds. Perth, Western Australia: School of Computer and Information Science, Edith Cowan University, November 2006, pp. 62–71AbstractThis paper explores three deception techniques which are widely used in political and product marketing. These techniques are ‘deception by omission’, ‘deception by saturation’ and the use of ‘deception by spin’. These techniques are newly analysed in the framework of the four canonical strategies of Information Warfare and Shannon’s capacity and entropy theorems, and their respective strengths and weaknesses established. Specific strategies for the defeat of these deception techniques are discussed.
The AMIGA sample of isolated galaxies III. IRAS data and infrared diagnostics
Creators: name: Lisenfeld, U.
name: Verdes-Montenegro, L.
name: Sulentic, J.
name: Leon, S.
name: Espada, D.
name: Bergond, G.
name: Sabater, J.
name: Santander-Vela, J. D.
name: Verley, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the mid- (MIR) and far- (FIR) infrared properties of a large ($\sim$1000) sample of the most isolated galaxies in the local Universe. This sample is intended as a ``nurture-free'' zero point against which more environmentally influenced samples can be compared. We reprocess IRAS MIR/FIR survey data using the ADDSCAN/SCANPI utility for 1030 out of 1050 galaxies from the Catalogue of Isolated Galaxies (CIG) as part of the AMIGA project. We focus on diagnostics (FIR luminosity $L_{FIR}$, $R=\log(L_{FIR}/L_{B})$ and IRAS colours) thought to be sensitive to effects of environment or interaction. The distribution of $\log(L_{FIR})$ is sharply peaked from 9.0--10.5 with very few ($
description: Accepted by A&A, 18 pages, 14 figures. Data of tables 2 and 3 can be obtained from www.iaa.es/AMIGA.html
Naturally occurring van der Waals materials
Creators: name: Frisenda, Riccardo
name: Niu, Yue
name: Gant, Patricia
name: Muñoz, Manuel
name: Castellanos-Gomez, Andres
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exfoliation of two naturally occurring van der Waals minerals, graphite and molybdenite, arouse an unprecedented level of interest by the scientific community and shaped a whole new field of research: 2D materials research. Several years later, the family of van der Waals materials that can be exfoliated to isolate 2D materials keeps growing, but most of them are synthetic. Interestingly, in nature plenty of naturally occurring van der Waals minerals can be found with a wide range of chemical compositions and crystal structures whose properties are mostly unexplored so far. This Perspective aims to provide an overview of different families of van der Waals minerals to stimulate their exploration in the 2D limit.
description: Perspective article. 34 pages, 10 figures, 1 table, more than 170 references
Affinity Space Adaptation for Semantic Segmentation Across Domains
Creators: name: Zhou, Wei
name: Wang, Yukang
name: Chu, Jiajia
name: Yang, Jiehua
name: Bai, Xiang
name: Xu, Yongchao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Semantic segmentation with dense pixel-wise annotation has achieved excellent performance thanks to deep learning. However, the generalization of semantic segmentation in the wild remains challenging. In this paper, we address the problem of unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) in semantic segmentation. Motivated by the fact that source and target domain have invariant semantic structures, we propose to exploit such invariance across domains by leveraging co-occurring patterns between pairwise pixels in the output of structured semantic segmentation. This is different from most existing approaches that attempt to adapt domains based on individual pixel-wise information in image, feature, or output level. Specifically, we perform domain adaptation on the affinity relationship between adjacent pixels termed affinity space of source and target domain. To this end, we develop two affinity space adaptation strategies: affinity space cleaning and adversarial affinity space alignment. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed method achieves superior performance against some state-of-the-art methods on several challenging benchmarks for semantic segmentation across domains. The code is available at https://github.com/idealwei/ASANet.
description: Accepted by IEEE TIP
Anisotropy in magnetic and transport properties of Fe1-xCoxSb2
Creators: name: Hu, Rongwei
name: Mitrovic, V. F.
name: Petrovic, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anisotropic magnetic and electronic transport measurements were carried out on large single crystals of Fe1-xCoxSb2 (0<= x <=1). The semiconducting state of FeSb2 evolves into metallic and weakly ferromagnetic by substitution of Fe with Co for x<0.5. Further doping induces structural transformation from orthorhombic Pnnm structure of FeSb2 to monoclinic P21/c structure of CoSb2 where semiconducting and diamagnetic ground state is restored again. Large magnetoresistance and anisotropy in electronic transport were observed.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Closed-form solutions to the dynamics of confined biased lattice random walks in arbitrary dimensions
Creators: name: Sarvaharman, Seeralan
name: Giuggioli, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Biased lattice random walks (BLRW) are used to model random motion with drift in a variety of empirical situations in engineering and natural systems such as phototaxis, chemotaxis or gravitaxis. When motion is also affected by the presence of external borders resulting from natural barriers or experimental apparatuses, modelling biased random movement in confinement becomes necessary. To study these scenarios, confined BLRW models have been employed but so far only through computational techniques due to the lack of an analytic framework. Here, we lay the groundwork for such an analytical approach by deriving the Green's functions, or propagators, for the confined BLRW in arbitrary dimensions and arbitrary boundary conditions. By using these propagators we construct explicitly the time dependent first-passage probability in one dimension for reflecting and periodic domains, while in higher dimensions we are able to find its generating function. The latter is used to find the mean first-passage passage time for a $d$-dimensional box, $d$-dimensional torus or a combination of both. We show the appearance of surprising characteristics such as the presence of saddles in the spatio-temporal dynamics of the propagator with reflecting boundaries, bimodal features in the first-passage probability in periodic domains and the minimisation of the mean first-return time for a bias of intermediate strength in rectangular domains. Furthermore, we quantify how in a multi-target environment with the presence of a bias shorter mean first-passage times can be achieved by placing fewer targets close to boundaries in contrast to many targets away from them.
New multi-channel electron energy analyzer with cylindrically symmetrical electrostatic field
Creators: name: Cizmar, Petr
name: Mullerova, Ilona
name: Jacka, Marcus
name: Pratt, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper discusses an electron energy analyzer with a cylindrically symmetrical electrostatic field, designed for rapid Auger analysis. The device was designed and built. The best parameters of the analyzer were estimated and then experimentally verified.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Anisotropy in the magnetic and electrical transport properties of Fe1-xCrxSb2
Creators: name: Hu, Rongwei
name: Mitrovic, V. F.
name: Petrovic, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated anisotropy in magnetic and electrical transport properties of Fe1-xCrxSb2 (0<= x <=1) single crystals. The magnetic ground state of the system evolves from paramagnetic to antiferromagnetic with gradual substitution of Fe with Cr. Anisotropy in electrical transport diminishes with increased Cr substitution and fades away by x=0.5. We find that the variable range hopping (VRH) conduction mechanism dominates at low temperatures for 0.4<= x <=0.75.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
Hemispheric vision with resolution enhancement
Creators: name: Anderson, Dean M.H.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Representing the whole world around a given point is an important goal in computer vision and many other applications. Most camera lens systems have been designed and optimized to provide excellent perspective images; however, this leaves out all the information behind and around the camera. Previous methods of obtaining a hemispheric (half-world) and omnidirectional (full-world) view of the world have involved fisheye lenses as well as pan and tilt cameras. In this thesis, an omnidirectional vision system using two parabolic reflectors is described along with a technique and apparatus to obtain a higher resolution from an imaging system. The system has two parabolic mirrors for imaging. It allows a substantially hemispheric or half omnidirectional view of the world. Two of these sensors placed back to back would provide an omnidirectional view of the world from a single viewpoint. The results from the hemispheric, double parabolic mirror system that we built are shown in the thesis. The main disadvantage of mapping such a large field of view onto a single sensor is the loss of resolution. We therefore describe a method to obtain better resolution using several image frames with control over the displacement of these frames. This involves meshing together several image frames displaced from each other by known amounts. The images are obtained from a variable angle prism normally used for image stabilization in camcorders. The results are promising.
Sparsity Based Autoencoders for Denoising Cluttered Radar Signatures
Creators: name: Ram, Shobha Sundar
name: Vishwakarma, Shelly
name: Sneh, Akanksha
name: Yasmeen, Kainat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Narrowband and broadband indoor radar images significantly deteriorate in the presence of target dependent and independent static and dynamic clutter arising from walls. A stacked and sparse denoising autoencoder (StackedSDAE) is proposed for mitigating wall clutter in indoor radar images. The algorithm relies on the availability of clean images and corresponding noisy images during training and requires no additional information regarding the wall characteristics. The algorithm is evaluated on simulated Doppler-time spectrograms and high range resolution profiles generated for diverse radar frequencies and wall characteristics in around-the-corner radar (ACR) scenarios. Additional experiments are performed on range-enhanced frontal images generated from measurements gathered from a wideband RF imaging sensor. The results from the experiments show that the StackedSDAE successfully reconstructs images that closely resemble those that would be obtained in free space conditions. Further, the incorporation of sparsity and depth in the hidden layer representations within the autoencoder makes the algorithm more robust to low signal to noise ratio (SNR) and label mismatch between clean and corrupt data during training than the conventional single layer DAE. For example, the denoised ACR signatures show a structural similarity above 0.75 to clean free space images at SNR of -10dB and label mismatch error of 50%.
SN 2017gci: a nearby Type I Superluminous Supernova with a bumpy tail
Creators: name: Fiore, Achille
name: Chen, Ting-Wan
name: Jerkstrand, Anders
name: Benetti, Stefano
name: Ciolfi, Riccardo
name: Inserra, Cosimo
name: Cappellaro, Enrico
name: Pastorello, Andrea
name: Leloudas, Giorgos
name: Schulze, Steve
name: Berton, Marco
name: Gutiérrez, Claudia Patricia
name: Burke, Jamison
name: Gromadzki, Mariusz
name: Nicholl, Matt
name: Rau, Arne
name: Sollerman, Jesper
name: McCully, Curtis
name: Fong, Wen-fai
name: Galbany, Lluís
name: Hiramatsu, Daichi
name: Howell, D. Andrew
name: Kankare, Erkki
name: Lunnan, Ragnhlid
name: Müller-Bravo, Tomás E.
name: Neill, David O
name: Young, David R.
name: Terreran, Giacomo
name: Valenti, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present and discuss the optical spectro-photometric observations of the nearby (z=0.087) Type I superluminous supernova (SLSN I) SN 2017gci, whose peak K-corrected absolute magnitude reaches Mg=-21.5 mag. Its photometric and spectroscopic evolution includes features of both slow and of fast evolving SLSN I, thus favoring a continuum distribution between the two SLSN-I subclasses. In particular, similarly to other SLSNe I, the multi-band light curves of SN 2017gci show two rebrightenings at about 103 and 142 days after the maximum light. Interestingly, this broadly agrees with a broad emission feature emerging around 6520 A after 51 days from the maximum light, which is followed by a sharp knee in the light curve. If we interpret this feature as Halpha, this could support the fact that the bumps are the signature of late interactions of the ejecta with a (hydrogen rich) circumstellar material. Then we fitted magnetar and CSM-interaction powered synthetic light curves onto the bolometric one of SN 2017gci. In the magnetar case, the fit suggests a polar magnetic field Bp = 6 x 1e14 G, an initial period of the magnetar Pinitial=2.8 ms, an ejecta mass Mejecta=9 Msun and an ejecta opacity k = 0.08 cm g^{-1} . A CSM interaction scenario would imply a CSM mass of 5 Msun and an ejecta mass of 12 Msun. Finally, the nebular spectrum of phase 187 days was modeled, deriving a mass of 10 Msun for the ejecta. Our models suggest that either a magnetar or CSM interaction might be the power sources for SN 2017gci and that its progenitor was a massive (40 Msun) star.
description: 25 pages, 16 Figures, 15 Tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
The planetary nebula NGC 1360, a test case of magnetic collimation and evolution after the fast wind
Creators: name: Garcia-Diaz, M. T.
name: López, J. A.
name: Garcia-Segura, G.
name: Richer, M. G.
name: Steffen, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The central star of this nebula has an observed intense magnetic field and the fast wind is no longer present, indicating that a back flow process has probably developed. Long-slit, spatially resolved echelle spectra have been obtained across the main body of NGC 1360 and over its system of bipolar jets. Deep images of the knotty structures of the jets have also been obtained. The data allow a detailed study of the structure and kinematics of this object and the results are modeled considering the effects of a magnetic collimation process in the development of the nebula and then switching off the fast stellar wind to follow its evolution to its current state. The model is able to successfully reproduce many of the key features of NGC 1360 under these premises.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures. ApJ in press
Drawing WS2 thermal sensors on paper substrates
Creators: name: Lee, Martin
name: Mazaheri, Ali
name: van der Zant, Herre S. J.
name: Frisenda, Riccardo
name: Castellanos-Gomez, Andres
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Paper based thermoresistive sensors are fabricated by rubbing WS2 powder against a piece of standard copier paper, like the way a pencil is used to write on paper. The abrasion between the layered material and the rough paper surface erodes the material, breaking the weak van der Waals interlayer bonds, yielding a film of interconnected platelets. The resistance of WS2 presents a strong temperature dependence, as expected for a semiconductor material in which charge transport is due to thermally activated carriers. This strong temperature dependence makes the paper supported WS2 devices extremely sensitive to small changes in temperature. This exquisite thermal sensitivity, and their fast response times to sudden temperature changes, is exploited thereby demonstrating the usability of a WS2-on-paper thermal sensor in a respiration monitoring device.
description: 6 main text figures, 1 table, 6 supp. info. figures
Rotational velocities of A-type stars. III. Velocity distributions
Creators: name: Royer, F.
name: Zorec, J.
name: Gomez, A. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aim - In this work, a sample of vsini of B9 to F2-type main sequence single stars has been built from highly homogeneous vsini parameters determined for a large sample cleansed from objects presenting the Am and Ap phenomenon as well as from all known binaries. The aim is to study the distributions of rotational velocities in the mass range of A-type stars for normal single objects. Methods - Robust statistical methods are used to rectify the vsini distributions from the projection effect and the error distribution. The equatorial velocity distributions are obtained for an amount of about 1100 stars divided in six groups defined by the spectral type, under the assumption of randomly orientated rotational axes. Results - We show that late B and early A-type main-sequence stars have genuine bimodal distributions of true equatorial rotational velocities due probably to phenomena of angular momentum loss and redistribution the star underwent before reaching the main sequence. A striking lack of slow rotators is noticed among intermediate and late A-type stars. The bimodal-like shape of their true equatorial rotational velocity distributions could be due to evolutionary effects.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, accepted in A&A
Counterfactual State Explanations for Reinforcement Learning Agents via Generative Deep Learning
Creators: name: Olson, Matthew L.
name: Khanna, Roli
name: Neal, Lawrence
name: Li, Fuxin
name: Wong, Weng-Keen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Counterfactual explanations, which deal with "why not?" scenarios, can provide insightful explanations to an AI agent's behavior. In this work, we focus on generating counterfactual explanations for deep reinforcement learning (RL) agents which operate in visual input environments like Atari. We introduce counterfactual state explanations, a novel example-based approach to counterfactual explanations based on generative deep learning. Specifically, a counterfactual state illustrates what minimal change is needed to an Atari game image such that the agent chooses a different action. We also evaluate the effectiveness of counterfactual states on human participants who are not machine learning experts. Our first user study investigates if humans can discern if the counterfactual state explanations are produced by the actual game or produced by a generative deep learning approach. Our second user study investigates if counterfactual state explanations can help non-expert participants identify a flawed agent; we compare against a baseline approach based on a nearest neighbor explanation which uses images from the actual game. Our results indicate that counterfactual state explanations have sufficient fidelity to the actual game images to enable non-experts to more effectively identify a flawed RL agent compared to the nearest neighbor baseline and to having no explanation at all.
description: Full source code available at https://github.com/mattolson93/counterfactual-state-explanations
Dust rings and filaments around the isolated young star V1331 Cygni
Creators: name: Quanz, Sascha P.
name: Apai, Daniel
name: Henning, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We characterize the small and large scale environment of the young star V1331 Cygni with high resolution HST/WFPC2 and Digitized Sky Survey images. In addition to a previously known outer dust ring (~30'' in diameter), the HST/WFPC2 scattered light image reveals an inner dust ring for the first time. This ring has a maximum radius of 6.5'' and is possibly related to a molecular envelope. Large-scale optical images show that V1331 Cyg is located at the tip of a long dust filament linking it to the dark cloud LDN 981. We discuss the origin of the observed dust morphology and analyze the object's relation to its parent dark cloud LDN 981. Finally, based on recent results from the literature, we investigate the properties of V1331 Cyg and conclude that in its current state the object does not show suffcient evidence to be characterized as an FU Ori object.
description: 15 pages ApJ preprint style including 3 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ (Feb. 2007)
Grammatical elicitation: Reduplication and negation
Creators: name: Gómez, María
name: Russell, Katherine
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: gug

description: Forms in reduplication, including different syllable structures (especially diphthongs with different stress patterns), possessives, noun incorporation constructions, negation, and Spanish loanwords.
Colossal Positive Magnetoresistance in a Doped Nearly Magnetic Semiconductor
Creators: name: Hu, Rongwei
name: Thomas, K. J.
name: Lee, Y.
name: Vogt, T.
name: Choi, E. S.
name: Mitrovic, V. F.
name: Hermann, R. P.
name: Grandjean, F.
name: Canfield, P. C.
name: Kim, J. W.
name: Goldman, A. I.
name: Petrovic, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a positive colossal magnetoresistance (MR) induced by metallization of FeSb$_{2}$, a nearly magnetic or "Kondo" semiconductor with 3d ions. We discuss contribution of orbital MR and quantum interference to enhanced magnetic field response of electrical resistivity.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Independent electrons model for open quantum systems: Landauer-Buettiker formula and strict positivity of the entropy production
Creators: name: Nenciu, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general argument leading from the formula for currents through an open noninteracting mesoscopic system given by the theory of non-equilibrium steady states (NESS) to the Landauer-Buettiker formula is pointed out. Time reversal symmetry is not assumed. As a consequence it follows that, as far as the system has a nontrivial scattering theory and the reservoirs have different temperatures and/or chemical potentials, the entropy production is strictly positive.
description: 12 pages. Submitted for publication in J. Math. Phys. on 2006-06-05. Revision and extension of: G. Nenciu, A general proof of Landauer-Buettiker formula, [math-ph/0603030]