cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Characterising the neck motor system of the blowfly
Creators: name: Swart, Peter B.
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: Flying insects use visual, mechanosensory, and proprioceptive information to control their movements, both when on the ground and when airborne. Exploiting visual information for motor control is significantly simplified if the eyes remain aligned with the external horizon. In fast flying insects, head rotations relative to the body enable gaze stabilisation during highspeed manoeuvres or externally caused attitude changes due to turbulent air. Previous behavioural studies into gaze stabilisation suffered from the dynamic properties of the supplying sensor systems and those of the neck motor system being convolved. Specifically, stabilisation of the head in Dipteran flies responding to induced thorax roll involves feed forward information from the mechanosensory halteres, as well as feedback information from the visual systems. To fully understand the functional design of the blowfly gaze stabilisation system as a whole, the neck motor system needs to be investigated independently. Through X-ray micro-computed tomography (μCT), high resolution 3D data has become available, and using staining techniques developed in collaboration with the Natural History Museum London, detailed anatomical data can be extracted. This resulted in a full 3- dimensional anatomical representation of the 21 neck muscle pairs and neighbouring cuticula structures which comprise the blowfly neck motor system. Currently, on the work presented in my PhD thesis, μCT data are being used to infer function from structure by creating a biomechanical model of the neck motor system. This effort aims to determine the specific function of each muscle individually, and is likely to inform the design of artificial gaze stabilisation systems. Any such design would incorporate both sensory and motor systems as well as the control architecture converting sensor signals into motor commands under the given physical constraints of the system as a whole.
Cellular Automata, PDEs, and Pattern Formation
Creators: name: Yang, Xin-She
name: Young, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: State-of-the-art review of cellular automata, cellular automata for partial differential equations, differential equations for cellular automata and pattern formation in biology and engineering.
description: 12 pages
Bubbles in a viscoplastic liquid
Creators: name: Pourzahedi, Ali
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: Gas rise in viscoplastic fluids is an interesting problem both from phenomenological and industrial points of view. Unlike Newtonian fluids, gas can remain entrapped inside a viscoplastic fluid if the yield stress is high enough. In studying the rise of gas bubbles in viscoplastic fluids, it is crucial to know this critical limit beyond which there is no flow. The main motivation of this thesis stems from the problem of methanogenesis in tailings ponds, which leads to the release of a significant amount of greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere. Tailings ponds are large density stratified settling ponds that store the waste materials generated during the mining process. They consist of multiple layers: a water layer on the top, a sludge-like layer around the middle, and a coarse sand layer mixed with sludge close to the bottom. In this thesis, we study the gas behavior in different layers of the tailings ponds through numerical, experimental and analytical methods. This thesis contains results that use three distinct methodologies in three complementary research areas. Firstly, it investigates the static behavior of buoyant bubbles in yield-stress liquids using numerical methods, determining the minimum yield stress needed to immobilize them, and studying contributing factors such as bubble shape and surface tension. The ratio of yield stress to surface tension (yield-capillary number) was found to play a key role. In the second area, the study delves into characterizing the steady motion of bubbles that do rise, often adopting an inverted teardrop shape with a pointed tail, distinct from predictions using basic yield-stress fluid models. We explore the origin of this shape using an experimental approach. Finally, the thesis explores gas propagation in porous media filled with yield-stress fluids, utilizing a pore-throat network model and a semi-analytical approach. It evaluates the impact of variables like throat radii, fluid yield stress, network size, exit time, gas volume fraction, and network stability in response to perturbations. Understanding the mechanics of gas propagation inside viscoplastic fluids offers valuable insights into a more sustainable resource management, minimizing the environmental impacts.
On Melting Temperature of Heavy Quarkonium with the AdS/CFT Implied Potential
Creators: name: Hou, Defu
name: Ren, Hai-cang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quarkonium states in a quark-gluon plasma is examined with the potential implied by AdS/CFT duality. Both the vanila AdS-Schwarzschild metric and the one with an infrared cutoff are considered. The calculated dissociation temperatures for $J/ψ$ and $Υ$ are found to agree with the lattice results within a factor of two.
description: 6 pages with 3 tables in Latex, contribution to the proceedings of Strange quark matter 2008, Beijing, Oct. 5, 2008
Measuring tropospheric water vapour and surface emissivity using far-infrared radiances
Creators: name: Warwick, Laura Rachel
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: This thesis describes two strands of work relating to the gathering of far-infrared (wavenumbers 10-667 cm−1 wavelengths 15-1000µm) radiance measurements, exploring the capabilities of the instruments involved and examining the data generated in the context of the relevant models. The first strand of the thesis explores the role of atmospheric water vapour which absorbs strongly in the far-infrared. The work described makes use of spectrally resolved far-infrared radiance measurements taken during the PIKNMIX-F airborne field campaign. On this field campaign co-incident upwelling mid- and far-infrared spectra were recorded in clear sky and overflying cirrus. The clear sky spectra from one flight are used to investigate the sensitivity of the far-infrared to the atmospheric water profile. Forward modelling is used to explore the changes to the expected radiance caused by changes in the surface properties and water vapour spectroscopy. Retrievals of water vapour and temperature profiles are also carried out. These show that the far-infrared radiance measurements contain more information about the atmospheric water vapour profile than the co-incident mid-infrared radiance measurements for this set of instruments. The second strand of the thesis describes the new FINESSE instrument and its first measurements of far-infrared surface emissivity. FINESSE combines a commercial Fourier transform spectrometer with a spectral range of 400-1600 cm−1 and a custom pointing and calibration system. The main purpose of FINESSE is to make in-situ measurements of surface emissivity extending into the far-infrared. As part of the development of FINESSE, a simulator is produced that allows for the emissivity retrieval to be tested under different environmental conditions. This thesis describes the first measurements of emissivity made by FINESSE. The emissivity of deionised water is retrieved using radiance measurements made from the rooftop of Imperial College London during summer and winter conditions. The measurements compare favourably to theoretical calculations and previous mid-infrared measurements.
What is the spectral density of the reservoir for a lossy quantized cavity?
Creators: name: Gustin, Chris
name: Ren, Juanjuan
name: Hughes, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By considering a two-level system weakly coupled to a single lossy three-dimensional cavity mode, and using a quasinormal mode expansion for the photonic medium, we show that the frequency-dependence of the quantum coupling interaction between the cavity and its photonic reservoir can not be simply constructed to be independent of the cavity contents. For the single quantum dipole case, we identify the correct form of the local spectral density, revealing a surprising gauge-dependent $\sim ω^{\pm 1} prefactor scaling, as well as a spatially-dependent correction. We thus establish the correct quantum form for the cavity-reservoir interaction, which so far has only been worked out rigorously for simple 1D geometries, and show its significant impact on broadband strong coupling.
description: An earlier preprint of this manuscript had some incorrect arguments as to the unique validity of the Coulomb gauge, which are revised in the current and published version
Quantum transport and counting statistics in closed systems
Creators: name: Chuchem, Maya
name: Cohen, Doron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A current can be induced in a closed device by changing control parameters. The amount $Q$ of particles that are transported via a path of motion, is characterized by its expectation value $$, and by its variance $Var(Q)$. We show that quantum mechanics invalidates some common conceptions about this statistics. We first consider the process of a double path crossing, which is the prototype example for counting statistics in multiple path non-trivial geometry. We find out that contrary to the common expectation, this process does not lead to partition noise. Then we analyze a full stirring cycle that consists of a sequence of two Landau-Zener crossings. We find out that quite generally counting statistics and occupation statistics become unrelated, and that quantum interference affects them in different ways.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures. Proceedings of FQMT conference (Prague, 2008)
The loop corrections to the parity-violating electron-proton elastic scattering
Creators: name: Chen, Yu Chun
name: Kao, Chung Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the two-boson-exchange (TBE) corrections to the parity asymmetry of the elastic electron-proton scattering in a model using the formalism of generalized parton distributions (GPDs).
description: 7 pages, talk given at "Particle Physics, Astrophysics and Quantum Field Theory, 75 years since Solvay" 27th-29th Nov, 2008, Singapore
title: Ein schöneß vnd nutzliches Vhrwerckh; 1625
title: Jn welchen daß Bittere Leiden vnd sterben Jesu Christi in xxiv. stund alß tag vnd nacht abgethailt begrifen. Jn ainem gespertten Frauen Kloster wargenommen vnd allen Christe[n] anjetzo zu guetten fürgestelt
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Bernardinus, a Augusta a Augusta
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2023

description: Die Rückseite des Titelblatts ist unbedruckt
Multiplicative scale uncertainties in the unified approach for constructing confidence intervals
Creators: name: Smith, E. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated how uncertainties in the estimation of the detection efficiency affect the 90% confidence intervals in the unified approach for constructing confidence intervals. The study has been conducted for experiments where the number of detected events is large and can be described by a Gaussian probability density function. We also assume the detection efficiency has a Gaussian probability density and study the range of the relative uncertainties $σ_ε$ between 0 and 30%. We find that the confidence intervals provide proper coverage over a wide signal range and increase smoothly and continuously from the intervals that ignore scale uncertainties with a quadratic dependence on $σ_ε$.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables
CFT Phase Transition Analysis of Charged, Rotating Black Holes in $D=4$: A Holographic Thermodynamics Approach
Creators: name: Baruah, Abhishek
name: Phukon, Prabwal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the holographic thermodynamics of 4-D Kerr-Newman AdS black holes, focusing on the conformal thermal states that are dual to these black holes. We explore the thermodynamic behavior within specific ensembles characterized by fixed sets of variables: $(\mathcal{Q},\mathcal{J},\mathcal{V},C)$, $(\mathcal{Q},Ω,\mathcal{V},C)$, $(φ,Ω,\mathcal{V},C)$, $(φ,\mathcal{J},\mathcal{V},C)$, $(\mathcal{Q},Ω,p,C)$, and $(φ,Ω,p,C)$. Here, $φ$, $\mathcal{Q}$, $Ω$, $\mathcal{J}$, $p$, $\mathcal{V}$, and $C$ represent the electric potential, electric charge, angular velocity, angular momentum, CFT pressure, CFT volume, and central charge, respectively. The inclusion of both charge and momentum significantly enriches the regime of phase transitions, leading to a variety of phenomena including first-order Van der Waals-type phase transitions, (de)confinement phase transitions, Davies-type phase transitions, and second-order superfluid $λ$-type phase transitions. Notably, the introduction of the CFT pressure variable allows us to identify phase transitions and critical behavior in the $(\mathcal{Q},Ω,p,C)$ and $(φ,Ω,p,C)$ ensembles, which had not been previously observed. This study underscores the complexity and richness of phase transitions in these systems due to the inclusion of both charge and angular momentum.
description: 28 pages, 40 figures
Transmucosal delivery of protein and peptide drugs by using cell penetrating peptides
Creators: name: Wu, Jiamin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2025

description: Protein drugs are primarily administered through parenteral routes, such as subcutaneous (s.c.) injection, due to their poor membrane permeability and low stability in the gastrointestinal tract. However, needle-based delivery methods pose challenges to treatment adherence due to inconvenience, discomfort, and needle phobia—especially for patients with chronic conditions requiring regular lifelong administrations. Here, we have developed a needle-free delivery platform based on the clinically used cell-penetrating peptide (CPP), protamine, for therapeutic proteins, aiming to enhance treatment adherence and therapeutic outcomes. The first part of this dissertation delves into the transcellular and transmucosal delivery of proteins using protamine via a non-covalent approach (physical mixing). Protamine demonstrated enhanced intracellular protein delivery by mediating actin rearrangement and promoting tubulation. Additionally, protamine aided insulin in overcoming mucus and epithelium barriers, promoting systemic absorption and achieving comparable blood glucose (BG) lowering effects in diabetic mice as its subcutaneous preparation. In the second part, two protamine derivatives, stearic acid-protamine (C18-P) and protamine dimer (P2), were synthesized to further enhance protein absorption when administered via the sublingual route through physical mixing. C18-P and P2 exhibited superior penetration abilities when delivering immunoglobulin G (IgG) compared to protamine in 2D models, 3D models, human sublingual substitutes, and in vivo. When mixed with insulin or semaglutide, C18-P and P2 showed enhanced BG control compared to protamine when delivered sublingually in mice. Pharmacokinetic (PK) studies revealed that C18-P and P2 enable the absorption of proteins up to 150 kDa via the sublingual route in mice, with relative bioavailabilities exceeding 50%. In the third part, Nano-P (allyl glycidyl ether-conjugated protamine) and Dendri-P (polyamidoamine-linked protamine) were synthesized to enhance intranasal delivery of anti-CD124 monoclonal antibody (αCD124) through physical mixing, aiming at chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) treatment. The efficacy was found to be improved compared to protamine by evaluating the number of nasal polypoid lesions, epithelium disruptions, and induction of immunoglobulin E (IgE) and type 2 inflammation biomarkers. Both nano-formulations exhibited a superior anti-CRSwNP effect compared to a 12.5-fold higher dose of subcutaneous αCD124.
Interior transit orbits in the planar bicircular restricted four-body problem: classification and application
Creators: name: Fu, Shuyue
name: Wu, Di
name: Gong, Shengping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low-energy transfers are advantageous for lunar exploration missions due to low fuel consumption and extended launch periods. This paper is devoted to the classification of interior transit orbits and their application on low-energy transfer in the Sun-Earth/Moon planar bicircular restricted four-body problem (PBCR4BP). First, the Lagrangian coherent structures (LCSs) are introduced to generate the interior transit orbits. The number of periapses about the Moon is selected as the classification parameter and mapped into the LCSs, achieving clear classification boundaries. Then, the evolution laws of the classifications with respect to energy and solar gravity perturbation are discussed and summarized. Construction strategies for low-energy transfer are proposed based on the classifications and their evolution laws. Numerical simulation of the transfer trajectories verifies the effectiveness of the proposed strategies. The dynamical behaviors and transfer characteristics of transit orbits and their families are revealed, and a direct link between transit orbit families and low-energy transfers is finally established.
description: 40 pages, 30 figures
Economic evaluations of maternal health interventions: a scoping review (extended data repository)
Creators: name: Eddy, Katherine E
name: Eggleston, Alexander
name: Chim, Sher Ting
name: Zahroh, Rana Islamiah
name: Sebastian, Elizabeth
name: Bykersma, Chloe
name: McDonald, Steve
name: Homer, Caroline SE
name: Scott, Nick
name: Chou, Doris
name: Oladapo, Olufemi T
name: Vogel, Joshua P
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Repository of extended data for a scoping review conducted to identify and map available economic evaluations of maternal health interventions. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 IGO License.
Additional file 1 of Ex vivo expanded allogeneic natural killer cells have potent cytolytic activity against cancer cells through different receptor-ligand interactions
Creators: name: Jung, Daun
name: Baek, Young Seok
name: Lee, In Jee
name: Kim, Ki Yeon
name: Jang, Heejoo
name: Hwang, Sohyun
name: Jung, Jieun
name: Moon, Yong-wha
name: Park, Kyung-Soon
name: Choi, Yong-Soo
name: An, Hee Jung
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1.
Maize total starch determination (lab protocol)
Creators: name: Molina, Aide
name: Galicia, Luis
name: Rosales, Aldo
name: Palacios Rojas, Natalia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: starch
maize
laboratory protocol

description: The determination of total starch in maize flour can be carried out using a modified Megazyme assay. The Megazyme assay is a widely used enzymatic method for starch analysis. Here we describe a modified assay using megazyme for determining total starch in maize flour.
Additional file 2 of Distant genetic variants of Anaplasma phagocytophilum from Ixodes ricinus attached to people
Creators: name: Lesiczka, Paulina Maria
name: Hrazdilova, Kristyna
name: Hönig, Václav
name: Modrý, David
name: Zurek, Ludek
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Detailed maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree based on the groEL gene (groEL) of A. phagocytophilum.
Ultra-low-voltage bilayer graphene tunnel FET
Creators: name: Fiori, G.
name: Iannaccone, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we propose the Bilayer Graphene Tunnel Field Effect Transistor (BG-TFET) as a device suitable for fabrication and circuit integration with present-day technology. It provides high Ion/Ioff ratio at ultra-low supply voltage, without the limitations in terms of prohibitive lithography and patterning requirements for circuit integration of graphene nanoribbons. Our investigation is based on the solution of the coupled Poisson and Schroedinger equations in three dimensions, within the Non-Equilibrium Green (NEGF) formalism on a Tight Binding Hamiltonian. We show that the small achievable gap of only few hundreds meV is still enough for promising TFET operation, providing a large Ion/Ioff ratio in excess of 10^3 even for a supply voltage of only 0.1 V. Key to this performance is the low quantum capacitance of bilayer graphene, which permits to obtain an extremely small sub-threshold swing S smaller than 20 mV/decade at room temperature.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
ОСОБЕННОСТИ РУССКОГО ЯЗЫКА ДЛЯ ИЗУЧАЮЩИХ ЕГО КАК ИНОСТРАННЫЙ
Creators: name: Эшонкулов, Шахзод
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Русский язык представляет собой одну из самых сложных и богатых языковых систем мира. Его изучение как иностранного требует не только овладения грамматическими и фонетическими правилами, но и глубокого понимания культурных и лексических особенностей. В статье рассмотрены основные трудности, с которыми сталкиваются изучающие русский язык: сложная грамматическая структура, богатство лексики, нюансы произношения и акцента, а также влияние русской культуры на язык. Приведены рекомендации для успешного изучения русского языка иностранными студентами.
Additional file 1 of Distant genetic variants of Anaplasma phagocytophilum from Ixodes ricinus attached to people
Creators: name: Lesiczka, Paulina Maria
name: Hrazdilova, Kristyna
name: Hönig, Václav
name: Modrý, David
name: Zurek, Ludek
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Primers used in the study.
Balancing Operators Risk Averseness in Model Predictive Control for Real-time Reservoir Flood Control
Creators: name: Koo, Ja-Ho
name: Abraham, Edo
name: Jonoski, Andreja
name: Solomatine, Dimitri P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Model Predictive Control (MPC) is an optimal control strategy suited for flood control of water resources infrastructure. Despite many studies on reservoir flood control and their theoretical contribution, optimisation methodologies have not been widely applied in real-time operation due to disparities between research assumptions and practical requirements. To address this gap, we include practical objectives, such as minimising the magnitude and frequency of changes in the existing outflow schedule. Incorporating these objectives transforms the problem into a multi-objective nonlinear optimisation problem that is difficult to solve in real-time. Additionally, it is reasonable to assume that the weights and some parameters, considered the operators' preferences, vary depending on the system state. To overcome these limitations, we propose a framework that converts the original intractable problem into parameterized linear MPC problems with dynamic optimisation of weights and parameters. This is done by introducing a model-based learning concept. We refer to this framework as Parameterised Dynamic MPC (PD-MPC). The effectiveness of this framework is demonstrated through a numerical experiment for the Daecheong multipurpose reservoir in South Korea. We find that PD-MPC outperforms standard MPC-based designs without a dynamic optimisation process for the objective weights and model parameters. Moreover, we demonstrate that the weights and parameters vary with changing hydrological conditions.
description: This article was published at the Journal of Hydroinformatics in 2025. (Koo, Ja-Ho, Edo Abraham, Andreja Jonoski, and Dimitri P. Solomatine. Balancing operators risk averseness in model predictive control for real-time reservoir flood control. Journal of Hydroinformatics (2025): jh2025019.)
Is Fermi-surface nesting the origin of superconductivity in iron pnictides?: A fluctuation-exchange-approximation study
Creators: name: Arita, Ryotaro
name: Ikeda, Hiroaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study whether Fermi-surface (FS) nesting can give rise to high-temperature superconductivity in iron pnictides. Starting with ab initio construction of an effective four-orbital model, we employ the fluctuation-exchange approximation to show that FS does not necessarily favor the stripe antiferromagnetic order observed in experiments, especially for realistic electronic correlations. If superconductivity in iron pnictides is magnetically mediated and has fully-gapped sign-reversing s-wave symmetry, our results suggest that the pairing interaction does not arise only from FS nesting and exchange interactions between local moments in the Fe 3d orbitals may play a crucial role.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Searching for X-ray Variability in the Glitching Anomalous X-ray Pulsar 1E 1841-045 in Kes 73
Creators: name: Zhu, Weiwei
name: Kaspi, Victoria M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anomalous X-ray Pulsars (AXPs) are now established to exhibit significant X-ray variability and be prolific glitchers, with some glitches being accompanied by large radiative changes. An open issue is whether AXP glitches are generically accompanied by radiative changes, relevant for understanding magnetar physical properties. Here we report on an analysis of archival X-ray data from the AXP 1E~1841$-$045, obtained between 1993 and 2007. This AXP, located in the center of SNR Kes~73, has exhibited three glitches between 2002 and 2007, as determined by {\it RXTE} monitoring since 1999. We have searched for evidence of phase-averaged flux variability that could be present if glitches in AXPs are usually accompanied by radiative changes. We find no evidence for glitch-correlated flux changes from this source, arguing that such behavior is not generic to AXPs.
description: 16 pags, 3 tables, 2 figures, submitted to ApJ.
Evaluation of scaling and scaling reversal in UV systems for application in rural communities
Creators: name: Adeyeye, Adepeju Adefolawe
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: Ultraviolet (UV) disinfection has long been employed to inactivate pathogens in water, but scaling and fouling on UV disinfection lamp quartz sleeves pose significant limitations, diminishing disinfection effectiveness. Common UV water disinfection systems include conventional mercury pressure UV lamps and UV light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Literature suggests that UV LEDs exhibit potential advantages over conventional mercury pressure lamps, being less susceptible to scaling; however, this has not been tested. This study compared the impact of iron, manganese, magnesium, and calcium on the ultraviolet transmittance of quartz glass. In terms of scaling formation on quartz glass, iron had the most impact, followed by manganese, magnesium, and calcium. Lime and lemon juice were efficient in removing scaling due to calcium and magnesium, but could not reverse scaling caused by manganese and iron. This study also compared the susceptibility of a conventional low-pressure (LP) UV system (PURA Water Products, LLC) and a UV-C LED (Crystal IS, an Asahi Company) system to scaling formation. Simulating varying hardness levels using calcium carbonate revealed increased hardness deposition and a decline in UV fluence at the optimal flow rate. Lime and lemon juice were tested as alternatives to citric acid for removing scaling on the quartz sleeves/windows. As water hardness concentration rose, both systems experienced escalated hardness deposition and effluent turbidity. Although the observed hardness deposition was similar, the LP UV system exhibited deposition mainly in the reactor and significant amounts on the quartz sleeve, while the UV-C LED system had minimal deposition in the reactor and on the quartz window. Subsequently, both systems showed a decline in fluence after scaling, with LP UV experiencing a higher percentage fluence decline. Lime juice effectively removed scaling in the LP UV, and lemon juice worked for the UV-C LED after determining the optimal cleaning time for each system, as both cleaning agents were found to have similar cleaning power on the reversal of calcium scaling.
A coupling strategy to run daily cycle simulations of thermally stratified flows over forests
Creators: name: Avila, Matias
name: Chávez, Roberto
name: Olivares, Hugo
name: Arnqvist, Johan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: wind resource
atmospheric boundary layer
forest canopy
URANS

description: Presentation at the NEWA Final Workshop in Bilbao. The Ryningsnän experiment in forested terrain is used to define a case study for testing atmospheric boundary layer models in forest canopies during diurnal cycles. A technique is presented based on prescribing net radiative heat flux balance at the top of the canopy, instead of surface temperature, and use geostrophic pressure gradient to drive the simulation. The results are reasonably good showing promise for further implementation in complex terrain sites.
Additional file 3 of Distant genetic variants of Anaplasma phagocytophilum from Ixodes ricinus attached to people
Creators: name: Lesiczka, Paulina Maria
name: Hrazdilova, Kristyna
name: Hönig, Václav
name: Modrý, David
name: Zurek, Ludek
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Figure S2. Detailed Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree based on the ankA gene (ankA) of A. phagocytophilum.
A proof of the rooted tree alternative conjecture
Creators: name: Tyomkyn, Mykhaylo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Bonato and Tardif conjectured that the number of isomorphism classes of trees mutually embeddable with a given tree T is either 1 or infinite. We prove the analogue of their conjecture for rooted trees. We also discuss the original conjecture for locally finite trees and state some new conjectures.
Living with violence on social media : an exploration of Colombian young adults’ encounters with online harms
Creators: name: Morales, Esteban
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: As social media platforms—such as Facebook, YouTube, and WhatsApp— have become an inescapable element of our lives, they have also become spaces where we regularly encounter, experience, and make sense of violence. These ecologies of online harm have profound implications in settings with long-lasting histories of armed conflict—such as Colombia, the context of this study—as cultures of violence become gradually more intertwined with digital platforms. Accordingly, this dissertation examines Colombian young adults’ views on and experiences concerning violence on social media. To address this research objective, I draw from a case study where Colombian young adults discussed the violence they interacted with in their everyday uses of digital platforms, examining how violence on social media is experienced and understood by users. The findings of this dissertation are organized in three sections: 1) the violence that young people encounter in their everyday engagements with digital platforms, 2) the processes of meaning-making around violence, and 3) the potential of education as a device of estrangement toward violence. Overall, this dissertation emphasizes how social media is now a crucial element through which we live with violence. Indeed, the findings of this dissertation highlight the critical role that social media platforms play in contemporary cultures of violence in Colombia—due to its pervasiveness, complexity, and processes of mediation in citizens’ meaning-making around harm and peace. In this context, education—and more specifically, critical dialogue and reflection—emerges as a productive space to unground existing cultures of violence and support peacebuilding processes.
Extraction of thermal and electromagnetic properties in 45Ti
Creators: name: Syed, N. U. H.
name: Larsen, A. C.
name: Bürger, A. B.
name: Guttormsen, M.
name: Harissopulos, S.
name: Kmiecik, M.
name: Konstantinopoulos, T.
name: Krtička, M.
name: Lagovannis, A.
name: Lönnroth, T.
name: Mazurek, K.
name: Norby, M.
name: Nyhus, H. T.
name: Perdikakis, G.
name: Siem, S.
name: Spyrou, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The level density and gamma-ray strength function of 45Ti have been determined by use of the Oslo method. The particle-gamma coincidences from the 46Ti(p,d gamma)45Ti pick-up reaction with 32 MeV protons are utilized to obtain gamma-ray spectra as function of excitation energy. The extracted level density and strength function are compared with models, which are found to describe these quantities satisfactorily. The data do not reveal any single-particle energy gaps of the underlying doubly magic 40Ca core, probably due to the strong quadruple deformation.
Additional file 2 of Differential regulation of transposable elements (TEs) during the murine submandibular gland development
Creators: name: Valdebenito-Maturana, Braulio
name: Torres, Francisca
name: Carrasco, Mónica
name: Tapia, Juan Carlos
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. MA plots of differentially expressed (DE TEs). Figure S2. Schematic representation of how genes were attributed to a TE. Figure S3. TE Class distribution. Figure S4. Relative distribution of TEs with respect to their associated genes. Figure S5. Overlap of TEs with Promoters from the Eukaryotic Promoter Database (EPD) and RefSeq Functional Elements (RefSeqFuncElems). Table S1. Detailed information of the overlap of Differentially Expressed TEs (“TE”) with RefSeq Functional Elements (“RefSeq Functional Element”). Table S2. Proportion test results of the selected genic TEs in section 2 of our work versus the genomic TE distribution. Table S3. Proportion test results of the selected intergenic TEs in section 2 of our work versus the genomic TE distribution. Table S4. Enhancers within 52 kb of genes associated with intergenic TEs.
Left-Right Asymmetric Holographic RG Flow with Gravitational Chern-Simons Term
Creators: name: Hotta, Kyosuke
name: Hyakutake, Yoshifumi
name: Kubota, Takahiro
name: Nishinaka, Takahiro
name: Tanida, Hiroaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the holographic renormalization group (RG) flow in three dimensional gravity with the gravitational Chern-Simons term coupled to some scalar fields. We apply the canonical approach to this higher derivative case and employ the Hamilton-Jacobi formalism to analyze the flow equations of two dimensional field theory. Especially we obtain flow equations of Weyl and gravitational anomalies, and derive $c$-functions for left and right moving modes. Both of them are monotonically non-increasing along the flow, and the difference between them is determined by the coefficient of the gravitational Chern-Simons term. This is completely consistent with the Zamolodchikov's $c$-theorem for parity-violating two-dimensional quantum field theories.
description: 14 pages, no figure, a few references added
Promoting cooperation in social dilemmas via simple coevolutionary rules
Creators: name: Szolnoki, Attila
name: Perc, Matjaz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We study the evolution of cooperation in structured populations within popular models of social dilemmas, whereby simple coevolutionary rules are introduced that may enhance players abilities to enforce their strategy on the opponent. Coevolution thus here refers to an evolutionary process affecting the teaching activity of players that accompanies the evolution of their strategies. Particularly, we increase the teaching activity of a player after it has successfully reproduced, yet we do so depending on the disseminated strategy. We separately consider coevolution affecting either only the cooperators or only the defectors, and show that both options promote cooperation irrespective of the applied game. Opposite to intuitive reasoning, however, we reveal that the coevolutionary promotion of players spreading defection is, in the long run, more beneficial for cooperation than the likewise promotion of cooperators. We explain the contradictory impact of the two considered coevolutionary rules by examining the differences between resulting heterogeneities that segregate participating players, and furthermore, demonstrate that the influential individuals completely determine the final outcome of the games. Our findings are immune to changes defining the type of considered social dilemmas and highlight that the heterogeneity of players, resulting in a positive feedback mechanism, is a fundamental property promoting cooperation in groups of selfish individuals.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures; accepted for publication in European Physical Journal B
The Making of the Chandra X-ray Observatory: the Project Scientist's Perspective
Creators: name: Weisskopf, Martin C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the history of the development of the Chandra X-ray Observatory from our personal perspective. This review is necessarily biased and limited by space since it attempts to cover a time span approaching 5 decades.
description: 6 pages, 17 figures. To be published in the Proceedings of the national Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.
title: Evaluation of the Effect of Culling on Browse Damage by the Japanese Serow in Gifu Prefecture, Japan
Creators: name: Ikushima, Shiori
name: Kuninaga, Naotoshi
name: Ikeda, Takashi
name: Okamoto, Takuya
name: Asano, Makoto
name: Suzuki, Masatsugu
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2022

description: The Japanese serow (Capricornis crispus; serow) is a protected territorial ungulate native to Japan. However, locally overabundant serow populations can damage forest plantations and agriculture through browsing. Despite government permitted annual culling of serows on forest lands of Gifu Prefecture, Japan, browse damage continues to be reported in hinoki cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa; cypress) plantations. Sika deer (Cervus nippon; deer), which are co-located with serows can also browse cypress, but their impacts have never been evaluated. The objective of our research was to evaluate the involvement of each species in browse damage and to establish the damage-causing mechanisms after serow culling at selected study sites (T1 [0.3 ha], T2 [0.2 ha], and T3 [1.1 ha]) in 3 cypress plantations in Takayama City, Gifu Prefecture, where serow culling was conducted. In 2019 and 2020, 2 and 2 serows were culled in T1, 3 and 0 in T2, and 1 and 1 in T3, respectively. Forestry workers also applied a chemical repellent (ziram-based fungicide) to some stands in T3 in October 2019 and May 2020. Between December 2018 and September 2020, we used camera traps to monitor activity patterns of serows and deer and the replacement of territorial serows before and after culling. We also investigated seasonal browsing impacts between August 2019 and June 2020 by thoroughly checking for browsing marks on the terminal shoot. Serows and deer accounted for 79% and 21% of camera-trap videos, respectively. Despite annual culling, serows were recorded at all browsed sites before the next growing season. Browse damage was higher in autumn and winter, but in T3 it was reduced when the repellent was applied. Management of ungulate browse damage to cypress will require accurate identification of species causing the damage, monitoring serow activity before and after culling, and a using repellent immediately before browsing seasons.
Manifolds of continuous BV-functions and vector measure regularity of Banach-Lie groups
Creators: name: Glockner, Helge
name: Schmeding, Alexander
name: Suri, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58D15 (primary), 22E65, 22E67, 34A06, 34A12, 45G10, 46E40, 46G10, 46T10

description: We construct a smooth Banach manifold BV$([a,b], M)$ whose elements are suitably-defined functions $f:[a,b] \rightarrow M$ of bounded variation with values in a smooth Banach manifold $M$ which admits a local addition. If the target manifold is a Banach-Lie group $G$, with Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$, we obtain a Banach-Lie group BV$([a,b], G)$ with Lie algebra BV$([a, b], \mathfrak{g})$. Strengthening known regularity properties of Banach-Lie groups, we construct a smooth evolution map from a Banach space of $\mathfrak{g}$-valued vector measures on $[0,1]$ to BV$([0,1],G)$.
description: 55 pages, LaTeX, v2: Corrected some typos and shortened the title, results remain unchanged
Optical control of Faraday rotation in hot Rb vapor
Creators: name: Siddons, Paul
name: Adams, Charles S.
name: Hughes, Ifan G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate controlled polarization rotation of an optical field conditional on the presence of a second field. Induced rotations of greater than pi/2 rad are seen with a transmission of 95%, corresponding to a ratio of phase shift to absorption of 40 pi. This combination of large, controlled rotation and low loss is well-suited for the manipulation of both classical and quantum light pulses.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 6 of Differential regulation of transposable elements (TEs) during the murine submandibular gland development
Creators: name: Valdebenito-Maturana, Braulio
name: Torres, Francisca
name: Carrasco, Mónica
name: Tapia, Juan Carlos
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6: Table S5. Alignment statistics of the RNA-Sequencing samples published by Zhang et al. (2014). Table S6. Alignment statistics of the RNA-Sequencing samples published by Cui et al. (2010). Table S7. Alignment statistics of the RNA-Sequencing samples published by Zhang et al. (2018).. Figure S6. Venn diagram of the TEs identified by SQuIRE in the datasets published by Cui et al. (2010).
Measuring subsurface circulation in deep stratified marginal seas
Creators: name: Stevens, Samuel William
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: Coastal oceans are disproportionately important compared to their limited size. Semi-enclosed coastal areas, in particular, are geomorphologically diverse regions that often support high primary productivity and can offer rich sheltered habitats for large marine communities. Due to their enclosed nature, these areas are uniquely vulnerable to the impacts of climate change and pollution as deep water masses can have long residence times, which can generate hypoxic conditions and cause an accumulation of long-lived contaminants, among other issues. Understanding the subsurface circulation of these areas is important to understanding and predicting the evolution of these conditions. However, the processes that drive circulation occur on time and space scales that span the entire coastal continuum, ranging from synoptic-scale processes at the ocean margin through to microscale processes in the interior basins. For this reason, semi-enclosed seas are often under-sampled relative to the multiple scales of variability that drive their circulation. Here, I present research on the subsurface circulation of two of North America's largest deep stratified marginal seas: the Salish Sea, with a particular focus on the Strait of Georgia; and the Gulf of St. Lawrence. These areas have diverse geographic features, yet share a number of oceanographic similarities, such as exhibiting rotationally-modified estuarine circulations. In these regions, I outline and quantify subsurface mixing dynamics, transit times, transit pathways, and advection speeds via observations, regional-scale model outputs, and simplified 1D models. One strong motivation for this research was to generate novel tools for oceanographers to study these regions and similar regions globally. I have approached this in a number of ways. For example, I make broad use of hydrographic data gathered via an extensive volunteer program in British Columbia, highlighting the utility and efficacy of citizen science as a scientific resource. Furthermore, over a three year period, I designed, developed, and deployed a new neutrally-buoyant float system, nicknamed "Swish floats", to provide low cost Langrangian measurements of subsurface dispersion. Finally, I spearheaded analyses in the first ever deliberate subsurface tracer release experiment in the Gulf of St. Lawrence.
Kubo formula for finite size systems
Creators: name: Wu, Jinshan
name: Berciu, Mona
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the proper calculation of the linear response for finite-size systems can only be performed if the coupling to the leads/baths is explicitly taken into consideration. We exemplify this by obtaining a Kubo-type formula for heat transport in a finite-size system coupled to two thermal baths, kept at different temperatures. We show that the proper calculation results in a well-behaved response, without the singular contributions from degenerate states encountered when Kubo formulae for infinite-size systems are inappropriately used for finite-size systems.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Correlations for pairs of periodic trajectories for open billiards
Creators: name: Petkov, Vesselin
name: Stoyanov, Luchezar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37D50, 58J50

description: In this paper we prove two asymptotic estimates for pairs of closed trajectories for open billiards similar to those established by Pollicott and Sharp for closed geodesics on negatively curved compact surfaces. The first of these estimates holds for general open billiards in any dimension. The more intricate second estimate is established for open billiards satisfying the so called Dolgopyat type estimates. This class of billiards includes all open billiards in the plane and open billiards in $\R^N, N \geq 3$ satisfying some additional conditions.