cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Active Asteroid 311P/PANSTARRS: Rotational Instability as the Origin of Multi-tails?
Creators: name: Liu, Bin
name: Liu, Xiaodong
name: Jia, Xiaoyu
name: Li, Fei
name: Zhao, Yuhui
name: Yu, LiangLiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The active asteroid 311P is one of the two targets of a planned Chinese asteroid exploration mission Tianwen-2. During 2013, 311P experienced several mass-loss events and exhibited multiple comet-like tails. Here we analyze the morphology and surface brightness of the tails to investigate the dust environment around the nucleus and mechanism of activities. We enhance the features of the tails using image processing techniques to obtain information about the morphology of the tails, and fit processed images to the syndyne-synchrone diagrams. The fitting results give estimations of the upper limits of the durations ($2\sim8$ days) of eruptions and the dust size range ($0.006\sim38.9$ mm) in the tails. The results of surface photometry performed for each dust tail show that the brightness distribution index of each tail ranged from approximately -1.81 to 0 and the dust size distribution indices of 311P's tails ranged from -2.29 to -1.45. The quantity of particles in each tail ranged from 0.5 to 8 $\times10^6$\,kg, which leads to a total dust-loss quantity of $3.0\times10^7$\,kg and a mass loss rate of 1.59 kg s$^{-1}$. Sublimation, continuous impacts or tidal forces of planets are excluded as explanations for 311P's activities, and rotational instability remains a possible activation cause without strong evidence against it.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables
A degree of independence:  teachers' approaches to instrumental tuition in a university college
Creators: name: Burwell, Kim
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 190407 Music Performance
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 170103 Educational Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: The paper asks how instrumental and vocal teachers use questions to support the development of student independence in higher education studio lessons.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 198.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 31.08.1985, 07:00, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1985

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Discovery of pyrimidine-tethered benzothiazole derivatives as novel anti-tubercular agents towards multi- and extensively drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Creators: name: Hemeda, Loah R.
name: Hassab, Mahmoud A. El
name: Abdelgawad, Mohamed A.
name: Khaleel, Eman F.
name: Abdel-Aziz, Marwa M.
name: Binjubair, Faizah A.
name: Al-Rashood, Sara T.
name: Eldehna, Wagdy M.
name: El-Ashrey, Mohamed K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: In this study, new benzothiazole–pyrimidine hybrids (5a–c, 6, 7a–f, and 8–15) were designed and synthesised. Two different functionalities on the pyrimidine moiety of lead compound 4 were subjected to a variety of chemical changes with the goal of creating various functionalities and cyclisation to further elucidate the target structures. The potency of the new molecules was tested against different tuberculosis (TB) strains. The results indicated that compounds 5c, 5b, 12, and 15 (MIC = 0.24–0.98 µg/mL) are highly active against the first-line drug-sensitive strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (ATCC 25177). Thereafter, the anti-tubercular activity was evaluated against the two drug-resistant TB strains; ATCC 35822 and RCMB 2674, where, many compounds exhibited good activity with MIC = 0.98–62.5 3 µg/mL and 3.9–62.5 µg/mL, respectively. Compounds 5c and 15 having the highest anti-tubercular efficiency towards sensitive strain, displayed the best activity for the resistant strains by showing the MIC = 0.98 and 1.95 µg/mL for MDR TB, and showing the MIC = 3.9 and 7.81 µg/mL for XDR TB, consecutively. Finally, molecular docking studies were performed for the two most active compounds 5c and 15 to explore their enzymatic inhibitory activities.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 120.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 05.06.1985, 09:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1985

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Negativos Em Vidro Do Observatório Nacional: Diagnóstico E  Acondicionamento De Placas Quebradas
Creators: name: Júlia Perrout Junger Gerard de Oliveira1
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: O acervo de negativos em vidro do Observatório Nacional sob a guarda do Museu deAstronomia e Ciências Afins conta com mais de 800 placas fotográficas produzidas apartir da Luneta 32 e da Meridional 46, entre 1914 e 1988. As informações contidasnestes registros são diversas. Entre 2016 e 2018, o acervo passou por um processode conservação preventiva criado para atender às demandas apresentadas a partir desua deslocação. Foram encontradas 95 placas quebradas que não apresentavamacondicionamento próprio, fazendo-se necessário traçar um plano deacondicionamento. O objetivo é dar continuidade ao trabalho iniciado pela equipeanterior e re-acondicionar essas placas danificadas, bem como avaliar o estado deconservação através do diagnóstico terminologicamente padronizado de todas asplacas do acervo. Como metodologia, para a primeira ação, foi adotado como padrãocaixas de papel pluma, papel neutro e cola de pH neutro. Na outra frente, pesquisasforam realizadas para a estruturação e estabelecimento de uma ficha de diagnóstico, aser adotada para as coleções fotográficas do Museu. Ao total, 28 placas foramsubmetidas ao novo acondicionamento e 254 placas, ao diagnóstico padronizado. Ascaixas são de fácil execução e garantem a segurança ao material fragilizado. A fichade diagnóstico contempla um vocabulário controlado e abrangente, paracaracterização das coleções e danos identificados. Estas ações de preservaçãopermitem que o material seja conhecido, digitalizado e consultado futuramente.
Statistical learning in SLI (Lammertink et al., 2017)
Creators: name: Lammertink, Imme
name: Boersma, Paul
name: Wijnen, Frank
name: Rispens, Judith
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Language
subject: 170204 Linguistic Processes (incl. Speech Production and Comprehension)
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Purpose: The current meta-analysis provides a quantitative overview of published and unpublished studies on statistical learning in the auditory verbal domain in people with and without specific language impairment (SLI). The database used for the meta-analysis is accessible online and open to updates (Community-Augmented Meta-Analysis), which facilitates the accumulation and evaluation of previous and future studies on statistical learning in this domain.Method: A systematic literature search identified 10 unique experiments examining auditory verbal statistical learning in 213 participants with SLI and 363 without SLI, aged between 6 and 19 years. Data from qualifying studies were extracted and converted to Hedges’ g effect sizes. Results: The overall standardized mean difference between participants with SLI and participants without SLI was 0.54, which was significantly different from 0 (p < .001, 95% confidence interval [0.36, 0.71]).Conclusion: Together, the results of our meta-analysis indicate a robust difference between people with SLI and people without SLI in their detection of statistical regularities in the auditory input. The detection of statistical regularities is, on average, not as effective in people with SLI compared with people without SLI. The results of this meta-analysis are congruent with a statistical learning deficit hypothesis in SLI.
Supplemental Material S1. Search syntax and Boolean operators for databases.
Lammertink, I., Boersma, P., Wijnen, F., & Rispens, J. (2017). Statistical learning in specific language impairment: A meta-analysis. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 60, 3474–3486. https://doi.org/10.1044/2017_JSLHR-L-16-0439
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 76.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 16.04.1985, 09:00, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1985

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 9.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 09.01.1985, 09:00, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1985

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 2.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Inverse coherence effects in nuclear magnetic relaxation rates as a sign of topological superconductivity
Creators: name: Nagai, Yuki
name: Ota, Yukihiro
name: Machida, Masahiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reveal that three-dimensional multi-orbital topological superconductivity can be identified by a bulk measurement, i.e., the temperature dependence of nuclear magnetic relaxation (NMR) rates. Below a critical temperature $T_{\rm c}$, the NMR rate in the topological state exhibits an anti-peak profile, which is opposite to the conventional $s$-wave state. This inversion coherence effect comes from a twist of order parameters with respect to orbital and spin degrees of freedom. Our self-consistent calculations in the model for Cu$_{x}$Bi$_{2}$Se$_{3}$ prove that the inverse coherence effect appears as a concave temperature dependence of the NMR rates. We propose that a time-reversal-invariant orbital-singlet spin-triplet topological superconductivity is characterized by the temperature dependence of the NMR rate.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures + Supplemental Material, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B as a Rapid Communication
Procalcitonin in burn patients: diagnosis of sepsis and prognosis of death in the first week
Creators: name: Fernandes, Mariana Costa
name: Marques, Sérgio
name: Meireles, Rita
name: Caetano, Marisa
name: Cabral, Luís
Publisher: name: Journal of Statistics on Health Decision
Year: 2020

description: Journal of Statistics on Health Decision, vol. 2 n.º 2 (2020): Special Issue - Statistics on Health Decision Making: clinical trials
Understanding the biology of CD180 in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Creators: name: Edwards, Kurtis
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2024

description: CD180 is an orphan toll-like receptor which is highly expressed on the surface of B cells, but differentially expressed on chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) cells from different patients. The loss of CD180 in CLL indicates that the receptor somehow confers a survival advantage for the tumour. In support of this, we found that CD180 expression was enriched in CLL cases with mutated immunoglobulin heavy chain variable genes (IGHV), a subset of patients with a superior prognosis, which confirms previous observations. We also found that higher CD180 expression in both the peripheral blood and lymph nodes was associated with superior OS in CLL. 

Given the growing evidence for CD180 as a prognostic marker we next turned to addressing the potential mechanisms which may underpin the down regulation of CD180 expression. We found that CLL cells readily transcribe CD180 mRNA and that CD180 accumulates intracellularly, indicating that surface CD180 expression is blocked at the post-translational stage. CLL cells did, however, have a reduced expression of myeloid differentiation-1 (MD-1) mRNA, the satellite molecule required for cell surface CD180 expression. Moreover, CD180 negative CLL cases have reduced MD-1 protein expression. Together, these data indicate that expression MD-1 may be the limiting factor for surface CD180 expression. 

We also addressed mechanistic explanations for how CD180 may promote an indolent disease course. We found that CD180 and was able to cooperate with IgD BCR to downregulate intracellular signalling kinase phosphorylation, reduce proliferation and induce apoptosis. To better understand how CD180 functions in CLL, we conducted a genome-wide correlation analysis of CD180/MD-1 in a large publicly available CLL gene expression dataset. These novel observations indicated a series of rational adaptor molecules, downstream kinases, and TFs which should be investigated to better understand how CD180 can interact with IgD and drive apoptosis. 

Together, our data indicates a significant role of CD180 in CLL. Importantly, our findings establish a correlation between higher CD180 expression and favourable prognostic markers and disease characteristics, indicating its potential as a prognostic indicator for CLL. Our data provides also mechanistic explanations as to how CD180 may function alone and interact with the IgD BCR to affect CLL cell behaviour.
A no-go theorem for nonabelionic statistics in gauged linear sigma-models
Creators: name: Biswas, Indranil
name: Romão, Nuno M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 14D21, 14H81, 58Z05

description: Gauged linear sigma-models at critical coupling on Riemann surfaces yield self-dual field theories, their classical vacua being described by the vortex equations. For local models with structure group ${\rm U}(r)$, we give a description of the vortex moduli spaces in terms of a fibration over symmetric products of the base surface $Σ$, which we assume to be compact. Then we show that all these fibrations induce isomorphisms of fundamental groups. A consequence is that all the moduli spaces of multivortices in this class of models have abelian fundamental groups. We give an interpretation of this fact as a no-go theorem for the realization of nonabelions through the ground states of a supersymmetric version (topological via an A-twist) of these gauged sigma-models. This analysis is based on a semi-classical approximation of the QFTs via supersymmetric quantum mechanics on their classical moduli spaces.
description: Final version; to appear in Adv. Theo. Math. Phys
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 11.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 11.01.1985, 09:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1985

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 178.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 09.08.1985, 07:30, erstellt von Michele Bianda, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1985

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Transition for Nurse Graduates in Saudi Arabia: A Quantitative Study
Creators: name: TURKI SAQER J ALMUTAIRI
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 111099 Nursing not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The study is the first study of its kind in Saudi Arabia that focused on the graduate nurses’ job/work environment satisfaction, work-related stress and level of confidence and comfort to perform their job. This study is a significant addition to new knowledge in clinical and professional support for graduate nurses transitioning from academy to working independently in clinical settings. The study is important for all Saudi healthcare sectors to appropriately support Saudi graduate nurses towards better graduate outcomes and healthcare organisations for safer, quality care.
User Facilities and Publications - Findings and Opportunities
Creators: name: Laurel, Haak
name: Arndt, Erin
name: Brown, Benjamin
name: Doyle, Mark
name: Elsayed, Mariam
name: Garvey, Patricia
name: Law, Terry
name: Nasta, Kathleen
name: Peters, Robert
name: Ratner, Howard
name: Schrof, Crystal
name: Watson, Steven
name: White-DePace, Susan
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 80403 Data Structures
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 80606 Global Information Systems
subject: 80612 Interorganisational Information Systems and Web Services
subject: 80707 Organisation of Information and Knowledge Resources
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: User facilities are specialized government-sponsored research infrastructure available for external use to advance scientific or technical knowledge.  Researchers compete for access to these facilities and specialized equipment, but do not consistently acknowledge the contributions made by facilities when they publish the results of their work. Collection of these research outputs is necessary to enable an accurate assessment of the scientific impact of these public investments. Recently several user facilities have begun to explore innovative approaches to these challenges, including adoption of ORCID.

This report summarizes the discussions of the User Facilities and Publications Working Group, which focused on ascertaining what data would help agencies and facilities to map impact, and to determine whether and how ORCID could enable its collection in a manner that increases data capture and reduces reporting burden for researchers.  The group had three objectives: to bring together publishers and facilities to better understand research, publication, and reporting workflows; to define terms to enable conversation; and to identify opportunities for working together to streamline and, where possible, automate impact reporting.
COVID-19 and Sub-Saharan Africa Firms: Impact and Coping Strategies
Creators: name: Maemir, Hibret
name: Aga, Gemechu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Drawing on a representative survey of firms in 38 countries, eight of which are in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), this paper documents the impact of COVID-19 and firms’ coping strategies in SSA, benchmarking with other regions. The paper shows that the impact of the pandemic is more pronounced in Sub-Saharan Africa compared with other regions. This disproportionate impact is not explained by differences in sectoral composition and other firm characteristics, but likely by the level of development. This underscores the important economic and structural contexts that predate the pandemic in understanding the differential impact. Contrary to expectations, the findings show that businesses in Sub-Saharan Africa are more likely to adjust their operations or products and services to adapt to the shock than those in other regions. However, firms in the region lag in leveraging digital technologies, remote working, and e-commerce, compared with those in other regions.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 145.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 05.07.1985, 09:45, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1985

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Active Labor Market Policies in a Context of High Informality: The Effect of PAE in Bolivia
Creators: name: Novella, Rafael
name: Valencia, Horacio
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Information asymmetries and limited skills are two main factors affecting job seekers’ chances to access quality jobs in developing countries. This paper evaluates the effectiveness of a program combining job intermediation and wage subsidy in Bolivia, a country with one of the highest levels of informality in Latin-America. Using administrative and survey data, we find that the program substantially increases employment and formality. These effects are heterogeneous across different subsamples of interest. Our results suggest that Active Labor Market Policies might be an effective solution for improving access to quality jobs in the context of high informality.
Energy Sector Modeling for Regional Analysis with OSeMOSYS
Creators: name: Fallas Mena, Andrés
name: Salazar, Andrey
name: Espinoza, Edwin
name: Sánchez, Josuar
name: Peralta, Mario
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: A key part of this transition is the development of a methodological approach to harmonize diverse energy matrices across the region. This approach involves a systematic workflow that includes manual preprocessing of country-specific data, integration into the OSeMOSYS model framework using Python, and subsequent data organization and processing. The strategic expansion of this energy integration model is planned to occur in phases, starting with Colombia and Ecuador due to their geographical proximity, and eventually encompassing the entire Latin American and Caribbean region. The results of this approach have shown notable growth in renewable energy sectors, especially in onshore wind technology in countries like Colombia, despite a continued reliance on coal. Ecuador, on the other hand, displays a more balanced expansion across various renewable technologies. However, the approach faces challenges like limited hardware capacity and a dependence on commercial solvers, pointing to the need for continued development and refinement of methodologies and tools in energy system analysis.
Flow Characteristics in a Crowded Transport Model
Creators: name: Burger, Martin
name: Pietschmann, Jan-Frederik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The aim of this paper is to discuss the appropriate modelling of in- and outflow boundary conditions for nonlinear drift-diffusion models for the transport of particles including size exclusion and their effect on the behaviour of solutions. We use a derivation from a microscopic asymmetric exclusion process and its extension to particles entering or leaving on the boundaries. This leads to specific Robin-type boundary conditions for inflow and outflow, respectively. For the stationary equation we prove the existence of solutions in a suitable setup. Moreover, we investigate the flow characteristics for small diffusion, which yields the occurence of a maximal current phase in addition to well-known one-sided boundary layer effects for linear drift-diffusion problems. In a one-dimensional setup we provide rigorous estimates in terms of $ε$, which confirm three different phases. Finally, we derive a numerical approach to solve the problem also in multiple dimensions. This provides further insight and allows for the investigation of more complicated geometric setups.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 180.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 11.08.1985, 11:00, erstellt von Marco Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1985

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 5.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Nonlinear Spinor Fields in Bianchi type-$VI_0$ spacetime
Creators: name: Saha, Bijan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the scope of Bianchi type-$VI_0$ spacetime we study the role of spinor field on the evolution of the Universe. It is found that the presence of nontrivial non-diagonal components of energy-momentum tensor of the spinor field plays vital role on the evolution of the Universe. As a result of their mutual influence there occur two different scenarios. In one case the invariants constructed from the bilinear forms of the spinor field become trivial, thus giving rise to a massless and linear spinor field Lagrangian. According to the second scenario massive and nonlinear terms do not vanish and depending on the sign of coupling constants we have either an expanding mode of expansion or the one that after obtaining some maximum value contracts and ends in big crunch generating spacetime singularity. This result shows that the spinor field is highly sensitive to the gravitational one.
description: 14 pages
The effect of levodopa medication on stride time variability in patients with Parkinsonism
Creators: name: Ferreira, Flora
name: Fernandes, Carlos
name: Braga, José
name: Bicho, Estela
name: Erlhagen, Wolfram
name: Gago, Miguel F.
Publisher: name: Journal of Statistics on Health Decision
Year: 2020

description: Journal of Statistics on Health Decision, vol. 2 n.º 2 (2020): Special Issue - Statistics on Health Decision Making: clinical trials
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 60.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 28.03.1985, 11:00, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1985

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Students’ reasons for preferring teleological explanations
Creators: name: Trommler, Friederike
name: Gresch, Helge
name: Hammann, Marcus
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: The teleological bias, a major learning obstacle, involves explaining biological phenomena in terms of purposes and goals. To probe the teleological bias, researchers have used acceptance judgement tasks and preference judgement tasks. In the present study, such tasks were used with German high school students (N = 353) for 10 phenomena from human biology, that were explained both teleologically and causally. A sub-sample (n = 26) was interviewed about the reasons for their preferences. The results showed that the students favoured teleological explanations over causal explanations. Although the students explained their preference judgements etiologically (i.e. teleologically and causally), they also referred to a wide range of non-etiological criteria (i.e. familiarity, complexity, relevance and five more criteria). When elaborating on their preference for causal explanations, the students often focused not on the causality of the phenomenon, but on mechanisms whose complexity they found attractive. When explaining their preference for teleological explanations, they often focused not teleologically on purposes and goals, but rather on functions, which they found familiar and relevant. Generally, students’ preference judgements rarely allowed for making inferences about causal reasoning and teleological reasoning, an issue that is controversial in the literature. Given that students were largely unaware of causality and teleology, their attention must be directed towards distinguishing between etiological and non-etiological reasoning. Implications for educational practice as well as for future research are discussed.
The bispectrum of matter perturbations from cosmic strings
Creators: name: Regan, Donough
name: Hindmarsh, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first calculation of the bispectrum of the matter perturbations induced by cosmic strings. The calculation is performed in two different ways: the first uses the unequal time correlators (UETCs) of the string network - computed using a Gaussian model previously employed for cosmic string power spectra. The second approach uses the wake model, where string density perturbations are concentrated in sheet-like structures whose surface density grows with time. The qualitative and quantitative agreement of the two gives confidence to the results. An essential ingredient in the UETC approach is the inclusion of compensation factors in the integration with the Green's function of the matter and radiation fluids, and we show that these compensation factors must be included in the wake model also. We also present a comparison of the UETCs computed in the Gaussian model, and those computed in the unconnected segment model (USM) used by the standard cosmic string perturbation package CMBACT. We compare numerical estimates for the bispectrum of cosmic strings to those produced by perturbations from an inflationary era, and discover that, despite the intrinsically non-Gaussian nature of string-induced perturbations, the matter bispectrum is unlikely to produce competitive constraints on a population of cosmic strings.
description: 24 pages, 4 figures
ProtVec: A Continuous Distributed Representation of Biological Sequences
Creators: name: Asgari, Ehsaneddin
name: Mofrad, Mohammad R. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce a new representation and feature extraction method for biological sequences. Named bio-vectors (BioVec) to refer to biological sequences in general with protein-vectors (ProtVec) for proteins (amino-acid sequences) and gene-vectors (GeneVec) for gene sequences, this representation can be widely used in applications of deep learning in proteomics and genomics. In the present paper, we focus on protein-vectors that can be utilized in a wide array of bioinformatics investigations such as family classification, protein visualization, structure prediction, disordered protein identification, and protein-protein interaction prediction. In this method, we adopt artificial neural network approaches and represent a protein sequence with a single dense n-dimensional vector. To evaluate this method, we apply it in classification of 324,018 protein sequences obtained from Swiss-Prot belonging to 7,027 protein families, where an average family classification accuracy of 93%+-0.06% is obtained, outperforming existing family classification methods. In addition, we use ProtVec representation to predict disordered proteins from structured proteins. Two databases of disordered sequences are used: the DisProt database as well as a database featuring the disordered regions of nucleoporins rich with phenylalanine-glycine repeats (FG-Nups). Using support vector machine classifiers, FG-Nup sequences are distinguished from structured protein sequences found in Protein Data Bank (PDB) with a 99.8% accuracy, and unstructured DisProt sequences are differentiated from structured DisProt sequences with 100.0% accuracy. These results indicate that by only providing sequence data for various proteins into this model, accurate information about protein structure can be determined.
Self-supervised Video-centralised Transformer for Video Face Clustering
Creators: name: Wang, Yujiang
name: Dong, Mingzhi
name: Shen, Jie
name: Luo, Yiming
name: Lin, Yiming
name: Ma, Pingchuan
name: Petridis, Stavros
name: Pantic, Maja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a novel method for face clustering in videos using a video-centralised transformer. Previous works often employed contrastive learning to learn frame-level representation and used average pooling to aggregate the features along the temporal dimension. This approach may not fully capture the complicated video dynamics. In addition, despite the recent progress in video-based contrastive learning, few have attempted to learn a self-supervised clustering-friendly face representation that benefits the video face clustering task. To overcome these limitations, our method employs a transformer to directly learn video-level representations that can better reflect the temporally-varying property of faces in videos, while we also propose a video-centralised self-supervised framework to train the transformer model. We also investigate face clustering in egocentric videos, a fast-emerging field that has not been studied yet in works related to face clustering. To this end, we present and release the first large-scale egocentric video face clustering dataset named EasyCom-Clustering. We evaluate our proposed method on both the widely used Big Bang Theory (BBT) dataset and the new EasyCom-Clustering dataset. Results show the performance of our video-centralised transformer has surpassed all previous state-of-the-art methods on both benchmarks, exhibiting a self-attentive understanding of face videos.
description: Accepted to IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (TPAMI)
Universal spin-momentum locking of evanescent waves
Creators: name: Van Mechelen, Todd
name: Jacob, Zubin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show the existence of an inherent property of evanescent electromagnetic waves: spin-momentum locking, where the direction of momentum fundamentally locks the polarization of the wave. We trace the ultimate origin of this phenomenon to complex dispersion and causality requirements on evanescent waves. We demonstrate that every case of evanescent waves in total internal reflection, surface states and optical fibers/waveguides possesses this intrinsic spin-momentum locking. We also introduce a universal right-handed triplet consisting of momentum, decay and spin for evanescent waves. We derive the Stokes parameters for evanescent waves which reveal an intriguing result - every fast decaying evanescent wave is inherently circularly polarized with its handedness tied to the direction of propagation. We also show the existence of a fundamental angle associated with total internal reflection (TIR) such that propagating waves locally inherit perfect circular polarized characteristics from the evanescent wave. This circular TIR condition occurs if and only if the ratio of permittivities of the two dielectric media exceeds the golden ratio. Our work leads to a unified understanding of this spin-momentum locking in various nanophotonic experiments and sheds light on the electromagnetic analogy with the quantum spin hall state for electrons.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 3.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 03.01.1985, 13:00, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1985

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 2.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Locally Selective Immobilization of DNA origami for Raman Spectroscopy based biosensors
Creators: name: Hann, Julia
name: Janßen, Matrhis
name: Hartmann, Susanne
name: Agarwal, Saloni
name: Reuter, Danny
name: Kuhn, Harald
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: DNA origami
Surface Immobilization
Nanostructuring

description: DNA origami are used nowadays for a variety of applications as nano plug-in boards for bottom-up technologies. The aim of the presented work is to improve the surface integration of these DNA origami on CMOS-relevant surfaces. For this purpose, a thin film system based on SiO2 and Parylene-C was used for selective surface deposition of DNA origami. In this immobilization system, SiO2 serves as a binding-attractive layer and Parylene-C as a binding-resistant layer. Different pretreatments were compared individually and in combination to improve the performance of the immobilization system in binding selectivity and surface occupancy on SiO2. Two methods were used to reactivate the SiO2 surface (piranha and plasma) as well as two surface modifications. Firstly, by Pluronics-F127, which additionally passivates the parylene-C (blue) as a binding-resistant region and prevents the binding of DNA origami. On the other hand by Poly-L-lysine, which leads to amine termination by binding to the SiO2 surface, enabling magnesium-free binding of DNA origami on the surface. By combining 10 s of plasma activation followed by 20 min of incubation in Pluronics F-127, both the highest surface occupancy of DNA origami on the SiO2 and complete passivation of the parylene-C and thus the best system performance of the SiO2 / Parylene-C thin film system could be achieved.
Deep reinforcement learning for optimal well control in subsurface systems with uncertain geology
Creators: name: Nasir, Yusuf
name: Durlofsky, Louis J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A general control policy framework based on deep reinforcement learning (DRL) is introduced for closed-loop decision making in subsurface flow settings. Traditional closed-loop modeling workflows in this context involve the repeated application of data assimilation/history matching and robust optimization steps. Data assimilation can be particularly challenging in cases where both the geological style (scenario) and individual model realizations are uncertain. The closed-loop reservoir management (CLRM) problem is formulated here as a partially observable Markov decision process, with the associated optimization problem solved using a proximal policy optimization algorithm. This provides a control policy that instantaneously maps flow data observed at wells (as are available in practice) to optimal well pressure settings. The policy is represented by a temporal convolution and gated transformer blocks. Training is performed in a preprocessing step with an ensemble of prior geological models, which can be drawn from multiple geological scenarios. Example cases involving the production of oil via water injection, with both 2D and 3D geological models, are presented. The DRL-based methodology is shown to result in an NPV increase of 15% (for the 2D cases) and 33% (3D cases) relative to robust optimization over prior models, and to an average improvement of 4% in NPV relative to traditional CLRM. The solutions from the control policy are found to be comparable to those from deterministic optimization, in which the geological model is assumed to be known, even when multiple geological scenarios are considered. The control policy approach results in a 76% decrease in computational cost relative to traditional CLRM with the algorithms and parameter settings considered in this work.
Additional file 5: of Hypermethylation and loss of retinoic acid receptor responder 1 expression in human choriocarcinoma
Creators: name: H. Huebner
name: R. Strick
name: D. Wachter
name: S. Kehl
name: P. Strissel
name: R. Schneider-Stock
name: A. Hartner
name: W. Rascher
name: L. Horn
name: M. Beckmann
name: M. Ruebner
name: F. Fahlbusch
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material and Method. (DOCX 16 kb)