cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
FedCau: A Proactive Stop Policy for Communication and Computation Efficient Federated Learning
Creators: name: Mahmoudi, Afsaneh
name: Ghadikolaei, Hossein S.
name: Júnior, José Mairton Barros Da Silva
name: Fischione, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper investigates efficient distributed training of a Federated Learning~(FL) model over a wireless network of wireless devices. The communication iterations of the distributed training algorithm may be substantially deteriorated or even blocked by the effects of the devices' background traffic, packet losses, congestion, or latency. We abstract the communication-computation impacts as an `iteration cost' and propose a cost-aware causal FL algorithm~(FedCau) to tackle this problem. We propose an iteration-termination method that trade-offs the training performance and networking costs. We apply our approach when clients use the slotted-ALOHA, the carrier-sense multiple access with collision avoidance~(CSMA/CA), and the orthogonal frequency-division multiple access~(OFDMA) protocols. We show that, given a total cost budget, the training performance degrades as either the background communication traffic or the dimension of the training problem increases. Our results demonstrate the importance of proactively designing optimal cost-efficient stopping criteria to avoid unnecessary communication-computation costs to achieve only a marginal FL training improvement. We validate our method by training and testing FL over the MNIST dataset. Finally, we apply our approach to existing communication efficient FL methods from the literature, achieving further efficiency. We conclude that cost-efficient stopping criteria are essential for the success of practical FL over wireless networks.
New analytic solutions in $f\left( R\right) $-Cosmology from Painlevé analysis
Creators: name: Leon, Genly
name: Paliathanasis, A.
name: Leach, P. G. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the singularity analysis, we investigate the integrability properties and existence of analytic solutions in $f\left( R\right)$-cosmology. Specifically, for some power-law $f\left( R\right) $-theories of particular interest, we apply the ARS algorithm to prove if the field equations possess the Painlevé property. Constraints for the free parameters of the power-law models are derived, and new analytic solutions are derived, expressed in terms of Laurent expansions.
description: 16 pages, no figures
Additional file 3 of Association between total and leisure time physical activity and risk of myocardial infarction and stroke – a Swedish cohort study
Creators: name: Hummel, Madeleine
name: Hantikainen, Essi
name: Adami, Hans-Olov
name: Ye, Weimin
name: Bellocco, Rino
name: Bonn, Stephanie Erika
name: Lagerros, Ylva Trolle
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 3:Supplementary Table 1. Distribution of METh per physical activity category during weekday presented for women and men in the Swedish National March Cohort.
A School-Level Gravity Model of Student Migration Flows to Higher Education Institutions
Creators: name: Cullinan, John
name: Duggan, Jim
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: This paper presents a gravity model of student migration flows to higher education institutions (HEIs) in Ireland. The analysis is performed on a novel dataset containing detailed information on a range of ‘push’ and ‘pull’ factors, allowing one to estimate the effects of a number of important school-level characteristics on these flows. This is achieved by estimating and comparing a fixed-effects Poisson model and two conditional fixed-effects negative binomial models and selecting the best model on the basis of the Akaike information criterion (AIC). The preferred negative binomial model accounts for over-dispersion in the student flow data and allows for estimation of the parameter coefficients of the HEI-invariant characteristics. The analysis suggests that while geography plays a very important role in explaining student flows, so too do a range of school-level characteristics. Furthermore, it is found that distance has a differential impact across HEIs and HEI types with important implications for policy-makers and HEI managers.
Real Hamiltonian forms of affine Toda field theories: spectral aspects
Creators: name: Gerdjikov, Vladimir S.
name: Grahovski, Georgi G.
name: Stefanov, Alexander A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper is devoted to real Hamiltonian forms of 2-dimensional Toda field theories related to exceptional simple Lie algebras, and to the spectral theory of the associated Lax operators. Real Hamiltonian forms are a special type of "reductions" of Hamiltonian systems, similar to real forms of semi-simple Lie algebras. Examples of real Hamiltonian forms of affine Toda field theories related to exceptional complex untwisted affine Kac-Moody algebras are studied. Along with the associated Lax representations, we also formulate the relevant Riemann-Hilbert problems and derive the minimal sets of scattering data that determine uniquely the scattering matrices and the potentials of the Lax operators.
description: 22 pages, LaTeX
Quantum feedback at the solid-liquid interface: flow-induced electronic current and its negative contribution to friction
Creators: name: Coquinot, Baptiste
name: Bocquet, Lydéric
name: Kavokine, Nikita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An electronic current driven through a conductor can induce a current in another conductor through the famous Coulomb drag effect. Similar phenomena have been reported at the interface between a moving fluid and a conductor, but their interpretation has remained elusive. Here, we develop a quantum-mechanical theory of the intertwined fluid and electronic flows, taking advantage of the non-equilibrium Keldysh framework. We predict that a globally neutral liquid can generate an electronic current in the solid wall along which it flows. This hydrodynamic Coulomb drag originates from both the Coulomb interactions between the liquid's charge fluctuations and the solid's charge carriers, and the liquid-electron interaction mediated by the solid's phonons. We derive explicitly the Coulomb drag current in terms of the solid's electronic and phononic properties, as well as the liquid's dielectric response, a result which quantitatively agrees with recent experiments at the liquid-graphene interface. Furthermore, we show that the current generation counteracts momentum transfer from the liquid to the solid, leading to a reduction of the hydrodynamic friction coefficient through a quantum feedback mechanism. Our results provide a roadmap for controlling nanoscale liquid flows at the quantum level, and suggest strategies for designing materials with low hydrodynamic friction.
SAVOIR VIVRE ФЕЪЛЛАРИНИНГ ЛИНГВИСТИК ВА МАДАНИЙ КОНЦЕПТУАЛ КОНЦЕПЦИЯСИ
Creators: name: УзГУМЯ магистри:  Латифова Камола Комилжоновна
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Тадқиқот ишининг концепцияларни лингвокултурологик моделлаштириш асосида амалга оширилди. Ўрганиш объекти француз тилшунослигида savoir vivre (завқ билан яшаш қобилияти) тушунчаси. Тадқиқот мавзуси сифатида ушбу концепциянинг француз ва рус тиллари коммуникатив хатти-ҳаракатларида ва кластер методикаси сифатида оғзаки нитқда  мужассамлашда ўрганилди.

Калит сўзлар: лингвокултурологик, кластер, француз лингвокултураси, коммуникатив хатти-ҳаракатлар, savoir vivre, хусусиятлари
The Mediating Role of Caregiver Mental Health and Parental Investment on EarlyChildhood Social-Emotional Development Outcomes: Evidence from Rural China
Creators: name: Zhang, Jingyue
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: Early childhood development
Parenting training program
Randomized controlled trial
Caregiver Mental Health
Social-Emotional Development
Rural China
Stanford University
Humanities and Sciences
Public Policy Program

description: Approximately 250 million children under age 5 in low- to middle-income countries (LMICs)
face developmental delays. The problem of early childhood developmental delays is pronounced
in rural China, with up to 86% of children aged 0-3 experiencing delays in at least one of 4
domains in cognitive, language, motor, and social-emotional development. Parenting programs
in LMICs have shown promise in enhancing early childhood cognitive, language, and motor skill
development but have inconsistent results for social-emotional development. The study aims to
determine whether these interventions significantly improve children's social-emotional
outcomes and if caregiver mental health and parental investment mediate these effects. The
sample comprised 2,554 caregiver-child dyads from 3 randomized controlled trials conducted in
rural China in the period between 2015 and 2022. Results indicated marginal benefits for male
children in the lowest family asset quartile; however, no significant overall improvement in
social-emotional outcomes was observed. Additionally, parental investment in psychosocial
stimulation of young children significantly mediated these effects, especially for male children.
Caregiver’s mental health did not show significant changes post-intervention and did not mediate
the outcomes. The findings highlight the heterogeneous impact of parenting interventions. This
study also underscores the importance of investing in early childhood development through
tailored interventions that consider gender and socioeconomic disparities.
The Bose gas in a box with Neumann boundary conditions
Creators: name: Boccato, Chiara
name: Seiringer, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81Q10, 82B10

description: We consider a gas of bosonic particles confined in a box with Neumann boundary conditions. We prove Bose-Einstein condensation in the Gross-Pitaevskii regime, with an optimal bound on the condensate depletion. Our lower bound for the ground state energy in the box implies (via Neumann bracketing) a lower bound for the ground state energy of the Bose gas in the thermodynamic limit.
description: 45 pages
Validation of a photogrammetric approach for the objective study of ancient bowed instruments
Creators: name: Beghin, Philémon
name: Ceulemans, Anne-Emmanuelle
name: Fisette, Paul
name: Glineur, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Some early violins have been reduced during their history to fit imposed morphological standards, while more recent ones have been built directly to these standards. We propose an objective photogrammetric approach to differentiate between a reduced and an unreduced instrument, whereby a three-dimensional mesh is studied geometrically by examining 2D slices. Our contribution is twofold. First, we validate the quality of the photogrammetric mesh through a comparison with reference images obtained by medical imaging, and conclude that a sub-millimetre accuracy is achieved. Then, we show how quantitative and qualitative features such as contour lines, channel of minima and a measure of asymmetry between the upper and lower surfaces of a violin can be automatically extracted from the validated photogrammetric meshes, allowing to successfully highlight differences between instruments.
On the Structure of Decision Diagram-Representable Mixed Integer Programs with Application to Unit Commitment
Creators: name: Salemi, Hosseinali
name: Davarnia, Danial
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Over the past decade, decision diagrams (DDs) have been used to model and solve integer programming and combinatorial optimization problems. Despite successful performance of DDs in solving various discrete optimization problems, their extension to model mixed integer programs (MIPs) such as those appearing in energy applications has been lacking. More broadly, the question which problem structures admit a DD representation is still open in the DDs community. In this paper, we address this question by introducing a geometric decomposition framework based on rectangular formations that provides both necessary and sufficient conditions for a general MIP to be representable by DDs. As a special case, we show that any bounded mixed integer linear program admits a DD representation through a specialized Benders decomposition technique. The resulting DD encodes both integer and continuous variables, and therefore is amenable to the addition of feasibility and optimality cuts through refinement procedures. As an application for this framework, we develop a novel solution methodology for the unit commitment problem (UCP) in the wholesale electricity market. Computational experiments conducted on a stochastic variant of the UCP show a significant improvement of the solution time for the proposed method when compared to the outcome of modern solvers.
description: Operations Research (2022)
Numerical solution of kinetic SPDEs via stochastic Magnus expansion
Creators: name: Kamm, Kevin
name: Pagliarani, Stefano
name: Pascucci, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we show how the Itô-stochastic Magnus expansion can be used to efficiently solve stochastic partial differential equations (SPDE) with two space variables numerically. To this end, we will first discretize the SPDE in space only by utilizing finite difference methods and vectorize the resulting equation exploiting its sparsity. As a benchmark, we will apply it to the case of the stochastic Langevin equation with constant coefficients, where an explicit solution is available, and compare the Magnus scheme with the Euler-Maruyama scheme. We will see that the Magnus expansion is superior in terms of both accuracy and especially computational time by using a single GPU and verify it in a variable coefficient case. Notably, we will see speed-ups of order ranging form 20 to 200 compared to the Euler-Maruyama scheme, depending on the accuracy target and the spatial resolution.
An insight into anti-biofilm and anti-quorum sensing activities of the selected anthocyanidins: the case study of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1
Creators: name: Pejin, Boris
name: Ciric, Ana
name: Markovic, Jasmina Dimitric
name: Glamoclija, Jasmina
name: Milos Nikolic
name: Sokovic, Marina
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Anti-biofilm activity of three anthocyanidins (pelargonidin, cyanidin and delphinidin) was evaluated for the first time at in vitro conditions. All the compounds reduced the formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 biofilm at low sub-MIC (0.125 MIC) with delphinidin (c 56.25 μg/mL) being the most active (43%). In comparison, ampicillin (c 93.75 μg/mL) and streptomycin (c 21.25 μg/mL) (used as positive controls) were considerably less effective at the same sub-MIC (8 and 12%, respectively). Furthermore, at 0.5 MIC (c 225 μg/mL) this anthocyanidin molecule partly reduced the bacterial protrusions. However, no any of the aforementioned compounds inhibited the production of pyocyanin by the bacterial strain P. aeruginosa PAO1. Taken all together, the delphinidin scaffold could be taken into consideration for the design of the novel and more effective anti-biofilm agents inspired by the anthocyanidins.
Nathaniel Huntting House, 1870's
Creators: name: (:Unas)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1870
Subjects: East Hampton
Huntting, Nathaniel, 1675-1753
Taverns (Inns)
Main Street

description: This image shows the Nathaniel Huntting House in the 1870s, located at 94 Main Street in East Hampton.
Quantum Vulnerability Analysis to Accurate Estimate the Quantum Algorithm Success Rate
Creators: name: Qi, Fang
name: Smith, Kaitlin N.
name: LeCompte, Travis
name: Tzeng, Nianfeng
name: Yuan, Xu
name: Chong, Frederic T.
name: Peng, Lu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While quantum computers provide exciting opportunities for information processing, they currently suffer from noise during computation that is not fully understood. Incomplete noise models have led to discrepancies between quantum program success rate (SR) estimates and actual machine outcomes. For example, the estimated probability of success (ESP) is the state-of-the-art metric used to gauge quantum program performance. The ESP suffers poor prediction since it fails to account for the unique combination of circuit structure, quantum state, and quantum computer properties specific to each program execution. Thus, an urgent need exists for a systematic approach that can elucidate various noise impacts and accurately and robustly predict quantum computer success rates, emphasizing application and device scaling. In this article, we propose quantum vulnerability analysis (QVA) to systematically quantify the error impact on quantum applications and address the gap between current success rate (SR) estimators and real quantum computer results. The QVA determines the cumulative quantum vulnerability (CQV) of the target quantum computation, which quantifies the quantum error impact based on the entire algorithm applied to the target quantum machine. By evaluating the CQV with well-known benchmarks on three 27-qubit quantum computers, the CQV success estimation outperforms the estimated probability of success state-of-the-art prediction technique by achieving on average six times less relative prediction error, with best cases at 30 times, for benchmarks with a real SR rate above 0.1%. Direct application of QVA has been provided that helps researchers choose a promising compiling strategy at compile time.
description: 11pages, 11 figures
Additional file 3 of Cholesterol promotes EGFR-TKIs resistance in NSCLC by inducing EGFR/Src/Erk/SP1 signaling-mediated ERRα re-expression
Creators: name: Pan, Zhenzhen
name: Wang, Kai
name: Wang, Xiniao
name: Jia, Zhirong
name: Yang, Yuqi
name: Duan, Yalei
name: Huang, Lianzhan
name: Wu, Zhuo-Xun
name: Zhang, Jian-ye
name: Ding, Xuansheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Table S1. Potential transcription factors were identified using the UCSC genome browser tracks in homo sapiens (hg38) for all profiles with a track score cutoff of 650 which equals P < 0.000001. Table S2. JASPAR database was used to predict possible transcription factor binding sites with Matrix ID, relative binding score and strand (with 90% cutoff). Table S3. The number of predicted transcription factor binding sites in the ERRα promoter region were counted.
Rich transcription: verbal, nonverbal and performance behaviours in studio-based instrumental learning
Creators: name: Burwell, Kim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 190407 Music Performance
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: The paper describes the research methods used to investigate studio interactions in higher education music, through the analysis of a range of interpersonal behaviours, cross-referenced with interview data.
Multilinear formulations for computing Nash equilibrium of multi-player matrix games
Creators: name: Fischer, Miriam
name: Gupte, Akshay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 90C26, 91A06, 91A10

description: We present multilinear and mixed-integer multilinear programs to find a Nash equilibrium in multi-player noncooperative games. We compare the formulations to common algorithms in Gambit, and conclude that a multilinear feasibility program finds a Nash equilibrium faster than any of the methods we compare it to, including the quantal response equilibrium method, which is recommended for large games. Hence, the multilinear feasibility program is an alternative method to find a Nash equilibrium in multi-player games, and outperforms many common algorithms. The mixed-integer formulations are generalisations of known mixed-integer programs for two-player games, however unlike two-player games, these mixed-integer programs do not give better performance than existing algorithms.
description: 15 page conference paper accepted
Additional file 1 of Doxorubicin and CpG loaded liposomal spherical nucleic acid for enhanced Cancer treatment
Creators: name: Deng, Bo
name: Ma, Bing
name: Ma, Yingying
name: Cao, Pei
name: Leng, Xigang
name: Huang, Pengyu
name: Zhao, Yuanyuan
name: Ji, Tianjiao
name: Lu, Xueguang
name: Liu, Lanxia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. The chemical synthesis scheme of DOPE-DOX and DOPE-MMP-CpG. Figure S2. The agarose gel electrophoresis image of free CpG, DOPE-MMP-CpG & MMP9 enzyme and DOPE-MMP-CpG. Figure S3. Distribution of particle size at various proportions in water. Figure S4. The stability assessment of hNPs in PBS. Figure S5. The stability assessment of hNPs in RPMI medium containing 10% FBS. Figure S6. After co-incubated with dying tumor cells or debris treated with various formulations for 48 h, the expression level of CD86 on BMDC was analyzed by flow cytometry. Figure S7. Body weight change of mice treated with PBS, free DOX, free DOX and CpG and hNPs, respectively.
Registry-based studies of atrial fibrillation from Sweden and Denmark, 2000–2014
Creators: name: Frost, Lars
name: Grøndal, Anne Krogh
name: Emelia J Benjamin
name: Friberg, Leif
name: Rosenqvist, Mårten
name: Johnsen, Søren Paaske
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy

description: Objectives: We have noticed an increasing number of publications in relation to atrial fibrillation (AF) based on Swedish and Danish health care registries and therefore found it of interest to perform a systematic review of study aims, data sources, exposures, outcomes, journal impact factor, and citation statistics. Materials and methods: We searched PubMed from 2000 to 31 December 2014. We included publications which were entirely or partly based on administrative registries and clinical quality databases, and where AF defined the study population or constituted the study exposure or outcome. Results: Our review returned 1445 studies, of which 173 met the criteria for inclusion in the reviews. We noticed an abundant diversity in study aims, data sources, exposures, and outcome. The annual number of publications increased from 1 to 50. The mean (range) and median journal impact factor in the year of publication was 6.9 (0.8–51.7) and 5.7. The total cumulated number of citations up to the end of 2014 for all 173 publications was 3721, and the mean (range) and median cumulated number of citations per publication was 22.4 (0–250) and 6.0, respectively. Conclusions: The number of registry-based studies on AF reported from Sweden and Denmark increased substantially from 2000 to 2014, had a great diversity, were well cited and have added information to the understanding of AF epidemiology.
Strategic approaches to practice: An action research project
Creators: name: Burwell, Kim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 190407 Music Performance
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: The paper investigates student approaches to personal practice through a residential 'clinic', conducted by practitioner-researchers for eight student participants. Students were introduced to and supported in the development of self-regulatory skills, through generic practice strategies and tools for time-management and self-evaluation. Students’ previous experience with learning about practice was characterised, and complemented by the exploration of a programme offering support for more strategic approaches, beyond the setting of individual lessons.
Strategic approaches to practice: An action research project
Creators: name: Burwell, Kim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 190407 Music Performance
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: The paper investigates student approaches to personal practice through a residential 'clinic', conducted by practitioner-researchers for eight student participants. Students were introduced to and supported in the development of self-regulatory skills, through generic practice strategies and tools for time-management and self-evaluation. Students’ previous experience with learning about practice was characterised, and complemented by the exploration of a programme offering support for more strategic approaches, beyond the setting of individual lessons.
Simultaneous All-versus-Nothing Refutation of Local Realism and Noncontextuality by a Single System
Creators: name: Zhou, Min-Gang
name: Yin, Hua-Lei
name: Chen, Zeng-Bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum realms of nonlocality and contextuality are delineated by Bell's theorem and the Kochen-Specker theorem, respectively, embodying phenomena that surpass the explanatory capacities of classical theories. These realms hold transformative potential for the fields of information and computing technology. In this study, we unveil a ``all-versus-nothing" proof that concurrently illustrates the veracity of these two seminal theorems, fostering a more nuanced comprehension of the intricate relationship intertwining quantum nonlocality and contextuality. Leveraging the capabilities of three singlet pairs and a Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state analyzer, our proof not only substantiates the conflict between quantum mechanics and hidden-variable theories from another perspective, but can also be readily verifiable utilizing the existing linear optics technology.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. Comments are welcome
Performance Studies in practice: an investigation of students’ approaches to practice in a university music department
Creators: name: Burwell, Kim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 190407 Music Performance
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: The paper reports on an investigation of the variety among student approaches to practice in higher education music, with reference to year groups, age, instrumental groups and examination results. Data were collected through a questionnaire of 101 items with verbal rating scales. The interface between research and teaching and learning is seen to support reflection in the ongoing work of students, tutors and the institution.
The population properties of spinning black holes using Gravitational-wave Transient Catalog 3
Creators: name: Tong, Hui
name: Galaudage, Shanika
name: Thrane, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Binary black holes formed via different pathways are predicted to have distinct spin properties. Measuring these properties with gravitational waves provides an opportunity to unveil the origins of binary black holes. Recent work draws conflicting conclusions regarding the spin distribution observed by LIGO--Virgo--KAGRA (LVK). Some analyses suggest that a fraction of the observed black-hole spin vectors are significantly misaligned (by $>90^\circ$) relative to the orbital angular momentum. This has been interpreted to mean that some binaries in the LVK dataset are assembled dynamically in dense stellar environments. Other analyses find support for a sub-population of binaries with negligible spin and no evidence for significantly misaligned spin -- a result consistent with the field formation scenario. In this work, we study the spin properties of binary black holes in the third LVK gravitational-wave transient catalog. We find that there is insufficient data to resolve the existence of a sub-population of binaries with negligible black-hole spin (the presence of this sub-population is supported by a modest Bayes factor of 1.7). We find modest support for the existence of mergers with extreme spin tilt angles $> 90^\circ$ (the presence of extreme-tilt binaries is favored by a Bayes factor of 10.1). Only one thing is clear: at least some of the LVK binaries formed in the field. At most $89\%$ of binaries are assembled dynamically (99\% credibility), though, the true branching fraction could be much lower, even negligible.
Additional file 2 of Association of serum methionine metabolites with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Tang, Yi
name: Chen, Xu
name: Chen, Qian
name: Xiao, Jinghe
name: Mi, Jiaxin
name: Liu, Qiannan
name: You, Yiran
name: Chen, Yuming
name: Ling, Wenhua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Table S1. Analytical performance and parameters of the detection of serum methionine metabolites by UHPLC/MS-MS.
Performance Studies in practice: an investigation of students’ approaches to practice in a university music department
Creators: name: Burwell, Kim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 190407 Music Performance
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: The paper reports on an investigation of the variety among student approaches to practice in higher education music, with reference to year groups, age, instrumental groups and examination results. Data were collected through a questionnaire of 101 items with verbal rating scales. The interface between research and teaching and learning is seen to support reflection in the ongoing work of students, tutors and the institution.
Apprenticeship in music: A contextual study for instrumental teaching and learning
Creators: name: Burwell, Kim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 190407 Music Performance
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: This theoretical paper explores apprenticeship, a term more commonly coined than explained in the literature focused on instrumental teaching and learning. It begins with a brief historical overview, and going on to examine the assumptions lying behind references to the term in the research literature. It is argued that, while our understanding of apprenticeship may be richly textured and ambiguous, it is this complexity that makes it so useful in understanding a richly textured and complex practice.
DELight: a Direct search Experiment for Light dark matter with superfluid helium
Creators: name: von Krosigk, Belina
name: Eitel, Klaus
name: Enss, Christian
name: Ferber, Torben
name: Gastaldo, Loredana
name: Kahlhoefer, Felix
name: Kempf, Sebastian
name: Klute, Markus
name: Lindemann, Sebastian
name: Schumann, Marc
name: Toschi, Francesco
name: Valerius, Kathrin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To reach ultra-low detection thresholds necessary to probe unprecedentedly low Dark Matter masses, target material alternatives and novel detector designs are essential. One such target material is superfluid $^4$He which has the potential to probe so far uncharted light Dark Matter parameter space at sub-GeV masses. The new ``Direct search Experiment for Light dark matter'', DELight, will be using superfluid helium as active target, instrumented with magnetic micro-calorimeters. It is being designed to reach sensitivity to masses well below 100\,MeV in Dark Matter-nucleus scattering interactions.
description: IDM2022 proceedings submitted to SciPost
The proper Landau--Ginzburg potential, intrinsic mirror symmetry and the relative mirror map
Creators: name: You, Fenglong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given a smooth log Calabi--Yau pair $(X,D)$, we use the intrinsic mirror symmetry construction to define the mirror proper Landau--Ginzburg potential and show that it is a generating function of two-point relative Gromov--Witten invariants of $(X,D)$. We compute certain relative invariants with several negative contact orders, and then apply the relative mirror theorem of \cite{FTY} to compute two-point relative invariants. When $D$ is nef, we compute the proper Landau--Ginzburg potential and show that it is the inverse of the relative mirror map. Specializing to the case of a toric variety $X$, this implies the conjecture of \cite{GRZ} that the proper Landau--Ginzburg potential is the open mirror map. When $X$ is a Fano variety, the proper potential is related to the anti-derivative of the regularized quantum period.
description: 45 pages. Comments are welcome. Published in Comm. Math. Phys
Additional file 3 of Do characteristics of family members influence older persons’ transition to long-term healthcare services?
Creators: name: Syse, Astri
name: Artamonova, Alyona
name: Thomas, Michael
name: Veenstra, Marijke
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Average predicted margins, advantaged family network.
Catalysis in Action via Elementary Thermal Operations
Creators: name: Son, Jeongrak
name: Ng, Nelly H. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate catalysis in the framework of elementary thermal operations, leveraging the distinct features of such operations to illuminate catalytic dynamics. As groundwork, we establish new technical tools that enhance the computability of state transition rules for elementary thermal operations. Specifically, we provide a complete characterisation of state transitions for a qutrit system and special classes of initial states of arbitrary dimension. By employing these tools in conjunction with numerical methods, we find that by adopting a small catalyst, including just a qubit catalyst, one can significantly enlarge the set of state transitions for a qutrit system. This advancement notably narrows the gap of reachable states between elementary thermal operations and generic thermal operations. Furthermore, we decompose catalytic transitions into time-resolved evolution, which critically enables the tracking of nonequilibrium free energy exchanges between the system and bath. Our results provide evidence for the existence of simple and practicable catalytic advantage in thermodynamics while offering insight into analysing the mechanism of catalytic processes.
description: 31+30 pages; 9 figures; added a new chapter (Ch. 4) on higher dimensional catalysts
Apprenticeship in music: A contextual study for instrumental teaching and learning
Creators: name: Burwell, Kim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 190407 Music Performance
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: This theoretical paper explores apprenticeship, a term more commonly coined than explained in the literature focused on instrumental teaching and learning. It begins with a brief historical overview, and going on to examine the assumptions lying behind references to the term in the research literature. It is argued that, while our understanding of apprenticeship may be richly textured and ambiguous, it is this complexity that makes it so useful in understanding a richly textured and complex practice.
Additional file 1 of Do characteristics of family members influence older persons’ transition to long-term healthcare services?
Creators: name: Syse, Astri
name: Artamonova, Alyona
name: Thomas, Michael
name: Veenstra, Marijke
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Older adults’ own characteristics and additional analyses of the role of family members’ individual sociodemographic characteristics.
Pomeron and Reggeon contributions to elastic proton-proton and proton-antiproton scattering in holographic QCD
Creators: name: Liu, Zhibo
name: Xie, Wei
name: Watanabe, Akira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The total and differential cross sections of elastic proton-proton and proton-antiproton scattering are studied in a holographic QCD model, considering the Pomeron and Reggeon exchanges in the Regge regime. In our model setup, the Pomeron and Reggeon exchanges are described by the Reggeized spin-2 glueball and vector meson propagators, respectively. How those contributions change with the energy is explicitly shown, focusing on the contribution ratios. The adjustable parameters included in the model are determined with the experimental data, and it is presented that the resulting total and differential cross sections are consistent with the data in a wide kinematic region.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures, typos corrected
Dissonance in the studio: An exploration of tensions within the apprenticeship setting in higher education music
Creators: name: Burwell, Kim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 190407 Music Performance
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: The paper takes explores the nested case study a higher education music student who reports that his studio teacher’s approach is not appropriate for him at his current stage of development. The implied dissonance within the studio is explored through the “rich transcription” of video evidence supported by questionnaire and interview data, highlighting issues of communication and flexibility.
Parallel Self-Avoiding Walks for a Low-Autocorrelation Binary Sequences Problem
Creators: name: Bošković, Borko
name: Herzog, Jana
name: Brest, Janez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.8; G.1.6; C.1.4
subject: 68W10, 68T20

description: A low-autocorrelation binary sequences problem with a high figure of merit factor represents a formidable computational challenge. An efficient parallel computing algorithm is required to reach the new best-known solutions for this problem. Therefore, we developed the $\mathit{sokol}_{\mathit{skew}}$ solver for the skew-symmetric search space. The developed solver takes the advantage of parallel computing on graphics processing units. The solver organized the search process as a sequence of parallel and contiguous self-avoiding walks and achieved a speedup factor of 387 compared with $\mathit{lssOrel}$, its predecessor. The $\mathit{sokol}_{\mathit{skew}}$ solver belongs to stochastic solvers and can not guarantee the optimality of solutions. To mitigate this problem, we established the predictive model of stopping conditions according to the small instances for which the optimal skew-symmetric solutions are known. With its help and 99% probability, the $\mathit{sokol}_{\mathit{skew}}$ solver found all the known and seven new best-known skew-symmetric sequences for odd instances from $L=121$ to $L=223$. For larger instances, the solver can not reach 99% probability within our limitations, but it still found several new best-known binary sequences. We also analyzed the trend of the best merit factor values, and it shows that as sequence size increases, the value of the merit factor also increases, and this trend is flatter for larger instances.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
Absence of excited eigenvalues for Fröhlich type polaron models at weak coupling
Creators: name: Seiringer, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a class of polaron models, including the Fröhlich model, at zero total momentum, and show that at sufficiently weak coupling there are no excited eigenvalues below the essential spectrum.
description: 9 pages
Huntting Inn Photographs
Creators: name: (:Unas)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: East Hampton
Main Street
Huntting, Nathaniel, 1675-1753
Taverns (Inns)

description: These images show various views and angles of the Huntting Inn located at 94 Main Street, East Hampton. Many of these images were made from glass plate negatives.
An optimal control perspective on diffusion-based generative modeling
Creators: name: Berner, Julius
name: Richter, Lorenz
name: Ullrich, Karen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We establish a connection between stochastic optimal control and generative models based on stochastic differential equations (SDEs), such as recently developed diffusion probabilistic models. In particular, we derive a Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation that governs the evolution of the log-densities of the underlying SDE marginals. This perspective allows to transfer methods from optimal control theory to generative modeling. First, we show that the evidence lower bound is a direct consequence of the well-known verification theorem from control theory. Further, we can formulate diffusion-based generative modeling as a minimization of the Kullback-Leibler divergence between suitable measures in path space. Finally, we develop a novel diffusion-based method for sampling from unnormalized densities -- a problem frequently occurring in statistics and computational sciences. We demonstrate that our time-reversed diffusion sampler (DIS) can outperform other diffusion-based sampling approaches on multiple numerical examples.
description: Accepted for oral presentation at NeurIPS 2022 Workshop on Score-Based Methods
Additional file 5 of Do characteristics of family members influence older persons’ transition to long-term healthcare services?
Creators: name: Syse, Astri
name: Artamonova, Alyona
name: Thomas, Michael
name: Veenstra, Marijke
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 5. Disadvantaged family networks.
The income–inequality nexus in a developed country: small-scale regional evidence from Austria
Creators: name: Moser, Mathias
name: Schnetzer, Matthias
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The income–inequality nexus in a developed country: small-scale regional evidence from Austria. Regional Studies. This paper analyses the relationship between regional inequality and average income in a small-scale framework for Austria. The empirical findings are based on a novel inequality database generated from individual wage tax information at the municipality level. This study researches the magnitude of regional spillovers of income and inequality using spatial econometric methods. The results show a pronounced positive relation between regional income levels and inequality, where especially high-income municipalities exhibit a large spread in the income distribution. Furthermore, it shows that higher levels of inequality are associated with income gains at the top of the distribution.