cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Improved Surrogates in Inertial Confinement Fusion with Manifold and Cycle Consistencies
Creators: name: Anirudh, Rushil
name: Thiagarajan, Jayaraman J.
name: Bremer, Peer-Timo
name: Spears, Brian K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neural networks have become very popular in surrogate modeling because of their ability to characterize arbitrary, high dimensional functions in a data driven fashion. This paper advocates for the training of surrogates that are consistent with the physical manifold -- i.e., predictions are always physically meaningful, and are cyclically consistent -- i.e., when the predictions of the surrogate, when passed through an independently trained inverse model give back the original input parameters. We find that these two consistencies lead to surrogates that are superior in terms of predictive performance, more resilient to sampling artifacts, and tend to be more data efficient. Using Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) as a test bed problem, we model a 1D semi-analytic numerical simulator and demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach. Code and data are available at https://github.com/rushilanirudh/macc/
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
The Displacement Field Associated with the Freezing of a Melt and its Role in Determining Crystal Growth Kinetics
Creators: name: Sun, Gang
name: Hawken, Alexander
name: Harrowell, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The atomic displacements associated with the freezing of metals and salts are calculated by treating crystal growth as an assignment problem through the use of an optimal transport algorithm. Converting these displacements into time scales based on the dynamics of the bulk liquid, we show that we can predict the activation energy for crystal growth rates, including activation energies significantly smaller than those for atomic diffusion in the liquid. The exception to this success, pure metals that freeze into face centred cubic crystals with little to no activation energy, are discussed. The atomic displacements generated by the assignment algorithm allows us to quantify the key roles of crystal structure and liquid caging length in determining the temperature dependence of crystal growth kinetics.
Stochastic reaction networks in dynamic compartment populations
Creators: name: Duso, Lorenzo
name: Zechner, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Compartmentalization of biochemical processes underlies all biological systems, from the organelle to the tissue scale. Theoretical models to study the interplay between noisy reaction dynamics and compartmentalization are sparse, and typically very challenging to analyze computationally. Recent studies have made progress towards addressing this problem in the context of concrete biological systems but general approaches remain lacking. In this work we propose a mathematical framework based on counting processes that allows us to study compartment populations with arbitrary interactions and internal biochemistry. We provide an efficient description of the population dynamics in terms of differential equations which capture moments of the population and their variability. We demonstrate the relevance of our approach using several case studies inspired by biological systems at different scales.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, appendix included
title: Der Muttersprachliche Unterricht in der Sekundarstufe
Creators: name: Woplatek, Evelyn
Year: 2010

description: Ausgehend von einer Statistik des Unterrichtsministeriums die besagt, dass ein großer Anteil des Muttersprachlichen Unterrichts in der Primarschule stattfindet, wurden die Forschungsfragen formuliert: Warum ist die erstsprachliche Förderung auch im Sekundarschulalter notwendig? Warum sind die Angebote für den Gegenstand in der Sekundarschule gering? Welche Möglichkeiten gibt es, um die Situation zu verbessern? Aus Sicht der Spracherwerbsforschung ergab die Analyse, dass die Muttersprache eine wichtige Voraussetzung für das Zweitsprachenlernen darstellt, positive Auswirkungen auf die kognitiven Fähigkeiten und das affektive Selbstbild der Migrantenkinder hat. Zuletzt wurden die positiven Auswirkungen gesellschaftlicher Mehrsprachigkeit als eindeutiges Argument für den Muttersprachlichen Unterricht beschrieben. Es folgt eine Bestandsaufnahme des Muttersprachlichen Unterrichts im Sekundarschulbereich. Anhand von Gesetzen, Lehrplänen, Unterrichtsmaterialien und Statistiken wurden die historische Entwicklung und die derzeitige Situation des Gegenstandes untersucht. Die Analyse zeigte, dass die Randständigkeit des Gegenstandes in der Sekundarstufe historisch gewachsen ist. Hauptproblematiken in der Organisation: Umsetzung als Freifach oder Unverbindliche Übung sowie Mindestteilnahmezahlen. In den Interviews wurde das Spannungsfeld zwischen Theorie und Praxis ersichtlich: Alle InterviewpartnerInnen berichteten von positiven Erfahrungen durch den Unterricht, trotzdem ist die Umsetzung dieser theoretischen Ansichten in der Praxis nicht ausreichend. Die Hauptproblematik besteht in der fehlenden Wertschätzung gegenüber Migranten- und Minderheitensprachen. Diese systematische Ablehnung führt dazu, dass die Wichtigkeit des Gegenstandes von politisch-organisatorischer Seite nicht anerkannt wird. Daraus folgen weitere Probleme: Ressourcenmangel und organisatorische Randständigkeit. Es ergaben sich folgende Forderungen: vollwertige Anerkennung der Migrantensprachen, Erhöhung der Ressourcen im Sekundarschulbereich, Muttersprachlicher Unterricht als verpflichtender Gegenstand / Wahlpflichtfach im Regelunterricht.
Draba antilibanotica Al-Shehbaz, nom. nov.
Creators: name: AL-Shehbaz, Ihsan A.
name: Barriera, Gabrielle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Brassicales
Brassicaceae
Draba
Draba antilibanotica

description: Draba antilibanotica Al-Shehbaz, nom. nov.
 Draba oxycarpa Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. 8: 28. 1849 [nom. illeg.] [non Sommerf.].
Type: “Hab. in cacuminibus Hermonis suprà Rascheya in Antilibano. (Boiss.)”.
Holotypus: SYRIA: “Hermon”, V–VII.1846, Boissier s.n. (G-BOIS [G00332433]).
Notes. – Several authors (e.g., POST, 1896, 1932; ZOHARY et al., 1980; GREUTER et al., 1986) maintained Boissier’s name and overlooked its earlier homonym. In that, they mostly likely followed SCHULZ (1927) who recognized the illegitimacy of that name but erroneously kept it while reducing the earlier homonym to a variety (var. oxycarpa Th. Fr.) of his highly polymorphic D. alpina L. that encompassed many species of northern Eurasia and North America.
The species is highly restricted to the Antilibanon Mountains west of Damascus in the Golan Heights, an area currently administered by Israel.
description: Published as part of AL-Shehbaz, Ihsan A. & Barriera, Gabrielle, 2019, Typification of Edmond Boissier's Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) names enumerated in Flora Orientalis, pp. 1-193 in Boissiera 72 on page 104, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7630433
Eigenvalue gaps for hyperbolic groups and semigroups
Creators: name: Kassel, Fanny
name: Potrie, Rafael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given a locally constant linear cocycle over a subshift of finite type, we show that the existence of a uniform gap between the i-th and (i+1)-th Lyapunov exponents for all invariant measures implies the existence of a dominated splitting of index i. We establish a similar result for sofic subshifts coming from word hyperbolic groups, in relation with Anosov representations of such groups. We discuss the case of finitely generated semigroups, and propose a notion of Anosov representation in this setting.
description: 42 pages
Restoration of Fragmentary Babylonian Texts Using Recurrent Neural Networks
Creators: name: Fetaya, Ethan
name: Lifshitz, Yonatan
name: Aaron, Elad
name: Gordin, Shai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The main source of information regarding ancient Mesopotamian history and culture are clay cuneiform tablets. Despite being an invaluable resource, many tablets are fragmented leading to missing information. Currently these missing parts are manually completed by experts. In this work we investigate the possibility of assisting scholars and even automatically completing the breaks in ancient Akkadian texts from Achaemenid period Babylonia by modelling the language using recurrent neural networks.
Draba dicranoides Boiss. & A. Huet
Creators: name: AL-Shehbaz, Ihsan A.
name: Barriera, Gabrielle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Brassicales
Brassicaceae
Draba
Draba dicranoides

description: Draba dicranoides Boiss. & A. Huet in Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. ser. 2, 5: 30. 1856.
Type: “Hab. in rupibus suprâ Baibout Armeniae cl. Huet du Pavillon, circâ Ispir cl. Calvert”.
Lectotypus (designated here): TURKEY: “ad rupes supra Baibout”, V.1853, Huet du Pavillon s.n.(G-BOIS [G00332456]; isolecto-: BM [BM001254000], FI [FI 005658], G [G00446209, G00446210], GOET [GOET002773], JE [JE00003680], K [K000697203, K000697204], P [P06616478, P06616479], W [W18890011473]). Syntypus: TURKEY: “Ispir”, 1853, Calvert 1245 (G-BOIS [G00332457]).
= Draba rigida Willd., Sp. Pl. 3: 425. 1800.
Note. – The isolectotypes labels have “inter Baibout et Erzeroum” indicated.
description: Published as part of AL-Shehbaz, Ihsan A. & Barriera, Gabrielle, 2019, Typification of Edmond Boissier's Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) names enumerated in Flora Orientalis, pp. 1-193 in Boissiera 72 on page 105, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7630433
Solvable Criterion for the Contextuality of any Prepare-and-Measure Scenario
Creators: name: Gitton, Victor
name: Woods, Mischa P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from arbitrary sets of quantum states and measurements, referred to as the prepare-and-measure scenario, an operationally noncontextual ontological model of the quantum statistics associated with the prepare-and-measure scenario is constructed. The operationally noncontextual ontological model coincides with standard Spekkens noncontextual ontological models for tomographically complete scenarios, while covering the non-tomographically complete case with a new notion of a reduced space, which we motivate following the guiding principles of noncontextuality. A mathematical criterion, called unit separability, is formulated as the relevant classicality criterion -- the name is inspired by the usual notion of quantum state separability. Using this criterion, we derive a new upper bound on the cardinality of the ontic space. Then, we recast the unit separability criterion as a (possibly infinite) set of linear constraints, from which we obtain two separate hierarchies of algorithmic tests to witness the non-classicality or certify the classicality of a scenario. Finally, we reformulate our results in the framework of generalized probabilistic theories and discuss the implications for simplex-embeddability in such theories.
description: 18 + 30 pages. V4: updated to match journal version
Draba affghanica Boiss.
Creators: name: AL-Shehbaz, Ihsan A.
name: Barriera, Gabrielle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Brassicales
Brassicaceae
Draba
Draba affghanica

description: Draba affghanica Boiss., Fl. Orient. Suppl.: 55. 1888.
Type: “Hab. in alpinis ad Schendtoi, Sikaram, etc. vallis Kuram Affghaniae (Aitch. 99! 112! 126!)”.
Lectotypus (first step designated by JAFRI, 1973: 134; second step designated here): PAKISTAN: “Affghania”, 12.VI.1880, Aitchison 99 (G-BOIS [G00330491]; isolecto-: GH [GH00046951], K [K000568096]). Syntypi: PAKISTAN: “Affghania”, 10000'–14000' [3050–4270 m], 12.VII.1880, Aitchison 112 (G-BOIS [G00332438]); sine loco, 13.VI.1880, Aitchison 126 B (G-BOIS [G00332439], K [K000568066], LE [LE00012963]).
Notes. – A second-step lectotypification is necessary to correct the lectotype from K to G-BOIS because Boissier never examined or annotated any of the duplicates at K.
The specimens at K sometimes include different collections of Aitchison or different numbers on the same sheet (e.g., [K000568066]). However, all are from Afghanistan, and they lack data on collection dates or specific localities. Untangling the finer details of each these requires consulting the fieldbooks and travel itineraries of Aitchison, a task beyond the scope of this work, and that is why they are treated herein as syntypes.
What is most important for the lectotypification of the species name is Aitchison 9 9 because it was initially designated by JAFRI (1973: 134), and its single problem is resolved by taking the G-BOIS as the lectotype.
description: Published as part of AL-Shehbaz, Ihsan A. & Barriera, Gabrielle, 2019, Typification of Edmond Boissier's Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) names enumerated in Flora Orientalis, pp. 1-193 in Boissiera 72 on page 105, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7630433
title: Vom Chaos zur Ordnung
Creators: name: Winkler, Julia
Year: 2010

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht die Kinderromane „Die Perlmutterfarbe“ von Anna Maria Jokl und „Timpetill. Die Stadt ohne Eltern“ von Henry Winterfeld unter dem Gesichtspunkt der selbständigen Konfliktbewältigung unter Kindern. Im Vordergrund steht die Darstellung einer eigenständigen Konfliktlösung durch jeweils zwei rivalisierende Kinderbanden, ohne die Einmischung der Erwachsenen. Das Augenmerk liegt hierbei auf der Betrachtung einer autonomen Kinderwelt, die sich einerseits in der Schule befindet, andererseits in einer elternfreien Stadt. Die Entwicklung der unterschiedlichen Konfliktsituationen und dessen Bewältigung durch Selbstorganisation wird anhand einer erzähltechnischen Analyse untersucht. Die Bücher entstanden während der Machtergreifung der Nationalsozialisten, daher werden in dieser Arbeit auch die politischen Aspekte in den Kinderromanen erörtert. Die Darstellung der Entstehung eines faschistischen Systems ist vor allem in „Die Perlmutterfarbe“ Thema. In „Timpetill“ wird ein Kinderstaat gezeigt, der sich nur durch Gehorsam und Pflichtbe-wusstsein leiten lässt. Durch die aufgezeigten Kinderbanden werden die Macht des Kollektivs und dessen Auswirkungen auf die Gesellschaft demonstriert.
Traffic Abstractions of Nonlinear Homogeneous Event-Triggered Control Systems
Creators: name: Delimpaltadakis, Giannis
name: Mazo, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In previous work, linear time-invariant event-triggered control (ETC) systems were abstracted to finite-state systems that capture the original systems' sampling behaviour. It was shown that these abstractions can be employed for scheduling of communication traffic in networks of ETC loops. In this paper, we extend this framework to the class of nonlinear homogeneous systems, however adopting a different approach in a number of steps. Finally, we discuss how the proposed methodology could be extended to general nonlinear systems.
The impossibility of low rank representations for triangle-rich complex networks
Creators: name: Seshadhri, C.
name: Sharma, Aneesh
name: Stolman, Andrew
name: Goel, Ashish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The study of complex networks is a significant development in modern science, and has enriched the social sciences, biology, physics, and computer science. Models and algorithms for such networks are pervasive in our society, and impact human behavior via social networks, search engines, and recommender systems to name a few. A widely used algorithmic technique for modeling such complex networks is to construct a low-dimensional Euclidean embedding of the vertices of the network, where proximity of vertices is interpreted as the likelihood of an edge. Contrary to the common view, we argue that such graph embeddings do not}capture salient properties of complex networks. The two properties we focus on are low degree and large clustering coefficients, which have been widely established to be empirically true for real-world networks. We mathematically prove that any embedding (that uses dot products to measure similarity) that can successfully create these two properties must have rank nearly linear in the number of vertices. Among other implications, this establishes that popular embedding techniques such as Singular Value Decomposition and node2vec fail to capture significant structural aspects of real-world complex networks. Furthermore, we empirically study a number of different embedding techniques based on dot product, and show that they all fail to capture the triangle structure.
Draba reuteri Boiss. & A. Huet
Creators: name: AL-Shehbaz, Ihsan A.
name: Barriera, Gabrielle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Brassicales
Brassicaceae
Draba
Draba reuteri

description: Draba reuteri Boiss. & A. Huet in Boiss., Diagn. Pl. Orient. ser. 2, 6: 13. 1859.
Type: “Hab. in summo monte Karakaban Armeniae ad nives cl. Huet du Pavillon. Fl. Maio”.
Holotypus: TURKEY: “In summo Karakaban ad nives”, 9000'–10000' [2740–3050 m], V.1853, Huet du Pavillon s.n. (G-BOIS [G00332460]; iso-: BM [BM001254095, BM001254096], G [G00446212, G00446213], GOET [GOET002770], JE [JE00002048, JE00002049], K [K000697224, K000697225], W [W19310012473]).
= Draba polytricha Ledeb., Fl. Ross. 1: 146. 1842.
Note. – The isotypes labels have handwritten: “ad rupes Mtis Karakaban”, and printed: “Inter Trapezuntem et Baibout. Maio 1853”.
description: Published as part of AL-Shehbaz, Ihsan A. & Barriera, Gabrielle, 2019, Typification of Edmond Boissier's Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) names enumerated in Flora Orientalis, pp. 1-193 in Boissiera 72 on page 105, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7630433
Optimisation of a diamond nitrogen vacancy centre magnetometer for sensing of biological signals
Creators: name: Webb, James
name: Troise, Luca
name: Hansen, Nikolaj W.
name: Achard, Jocelyn
name: Brinza, Ovidiu
name: Staacke, Robert
name: Kieschnick, Michael
name: Meijer, Jan
name: Perrier, Jean-François
name: Sørensen, Kirstine Berg
name: Huck, Alexander
name: Andersen, Ulrik Lund
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sensing of signals from biological processes, such as action potential propagation in nerves, are essential for clinical diagnosis and basic understanding of physiology. Sensing can be performed electrically by placing sensor probes near or inside a living specimen or dissected tissue using well established electrophysiology techniques. However, these electrical probe techniques have poor spatial resolution and cannot easily access tissue deep within a living subject, in particular within the brain. An alternative approach is to detect the magnetic field induced by the passage of the electrical signal, giving the equivalent readout without direct electrical contact. Such measurements are performed today using bulky and expensive superconducting sensors with poor spatial resolution. An alternative is to use nitrogen vacancy (NV) centres in diamond that promise biocompatibilty and high sensitivity without cryogenic cooling. In this work we present advances in biomagnetometry using NV centres, demonstrating magnetic field sensitivity of approximately 100 pT/$\sqrt{Hz}$ in the DC/low frequency range using a setup designed for biological measurements. Biocompatibility of the setup with a living sample (mouse brain slice) is studied and optimized, and we show work toward sensitivity improvements using a pulsed magnetometry scheme. In addition to the bulk magnetometry study, systematic artifacts in NV-ensemble widefield fluorescence imaging are investigated.
A Brief Prehistory of Double Descent
Creators: name: Loog, Marco
name: Viering, Tom
name: Mey, Alexander
name: Krijthe, Jesse H.
name: Tax, David M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In their thought-provoking paper [1], Belkin et al. illustrate and discuss the shape of risk curves in the context of modern high-complexity learners. Given a fixed training sample size $n$, such curves show the risk of a learner as a function of some (approximate) measure of its complexity $N$. With $N$ the number of features, these curves are also referred to as feature curves. A salient observation in [1] is that these curves can display, what they call, double descent: with increasing $N$, the risk initially decreases, attains a minimum, and then increases until $N$ equals $n$, where the training data is fitted perfectly. Increasing $N$ even further, the risk decreases a second and final time, creating a peak at $N=n$. This twofold descent may come as a surprise, but as opposed to what [1] reports, it has not been overlooked historically. Our letter draws attention to some original, earlier findings, of interest to contemporary machine learning.
Draba polytricha var. laxior Boiss.
Creators: name: AL-Shehbaz, Ihsan A.
name: Barriera, Gabrielle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Brassicales
Brassicaceae
Draba
Draba polytricha
Draba polytricha var. laxior boiss., fl.

description: Draba polytricha var. laxior Boiss., Fl. Orient. 1: 298. 1867.
Type: “Hab. in Armeniâ Rossicâ (Szow!)”.
Holotypus: ARMENIA: sine loco, s.d., Szovits 145 (G-BOIS [G00332440]; iso-: K [K000697222], LE).
= Draba polytricha Ledeb., Fl. Ross. 1: 146. 1842.
Notes. – Boissier based his varietal name solely on the duplicate in his herbarium, which ought to be recognized as the holotype.
The holotype is a collection folder of two sheets, of which the barcoded one has Szovits 145 and the other Szovits s.n. indicated.
description: Published as part of AL-Shehbaz, Ihsan A. & Barriera, Gabrielle, 2019, Typification of Edmond Boissier's Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) names enumerated in Flora Orientalis, pp. 1-193 in Boissiera 72 on page 105, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7630433
Skyrme Fluid in Anisotropic Universe
Creators: name: Sengupta, Rikpratik
name: Paul, B C
name: Pal, Prasenjit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmological solutions are obtained in an anisotropic Kantowski-Sachs (KS) and Bianchi Type-I universes considering a cosmological constant with Skyrme fluid. Interestingly, the solutions obtained here in both the KS and Bianchi-I anisotropic universes are found isotropize at late time due to the presence of the Skyrme fluid even in the absence of $Λ$ term or any inflationary mechanism involving the inflaton field. A comparative study of both the anisotropic cosmological models are carried out here and found that Bianchi-I universe admits oscillatory solutions for a given matter configuration. We also note that the emergent universe model can be obtained with Skyrme fluid. The anisotropy, deceleration and jerk parameters have been studied along with the linear perturbative stability to explore efficacy of the model. Both the cosmological models are stable in the absence of cosmological constant besides their compatibility with observational data. Thus, we claim Skyrme fluid a possible source for isotropization of an anisotropic universe via accelerated expansion, which is capable of reproducing some observed features of the universe.
description: 24 pages, 10 figures
Fast Mutation in Crossover-based Algorithms
Creators: name: Antipov, Denis
name: Buzdalov, Maxim
name: Doerr, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The heavy-tailed mutation operator proposed in Doerr, Le, Makhmara, and Nguyen (GECCO 2017), called \emph{fast mutation} to agree with the previously used language, so far was proven to be advantageous only in mutation-based algorithms. There, it can relieve the algorithm designer from finding the optimal mutation rate and nevertheless obtain a performance close to the one that the optimal mutation rate gives. In this first runtime analysis of a crossover-based algorithm using a heavy-tailed choice of the mutation rate, we show an even stronger impact. For the $(1+(λ,λ))$ genetic algorithm optimizing the OneMax benchmark function, we show that with a heavy-tailed mutation rate a linear runtime can be achieved. This is asymptotically faster than what can be obtained with any static mutation rate, and is asymptotically equivalent to the runtime of the self-adjusting version of the parameters choice of the $(1+(λ,λ))$ genetic algorithm. This result is complemented by an empirical study which shows the effectiveness of the fast mutation also on random satisfiable Max-3SAT instances.
description: This is a version of the same paper presented at GECCO 2020 completed with the proofs which were missing because of the page limit
Draba rosularis Boiss.
Creators: name: AL-Shehbaz, Ihsan A.
name: Barriera, Gabrielle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Brassicales
Brassicaceae
Draba
Draba rosularis

description: Draba rosularis Boiss. in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. ser. 2, 17: 165. 1842.
Type: “[Aucher-Eloy] N. 4062, Bayazid”.
Lectotypus (designated here): TURKEY: “Bayazid”, s.d., Aucher-Eloy 4062 (G-BOIS [G00332442]; isolecto-: G [G00446200], K [K000697229], P [P02272380, P02272381]).
Notes. – Lectotypification of the species name is justified because BOISSIER (1842b) based his description on the single sheet in his herbarium and P022724381 that he annotated. He did not annotate or examine the K or other P duplicates above.
Boissier in Flora Orientalis reduced the species to synonym of D. calycosa var. aucheri that he based on the same type.
description: Published as part of AL-Shehbaz, Ihsan A. & Barriera, Gabrielle, 2019, Typification of Edmond Boissier's Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) names enumerated in Flora Orientalis, pp. 1-193 in Boissiera 72 on page 105, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7630433
title: PRESSURIZED SOLID OXIDE ELECTROLYSIS
title: MODELING SYSTEM PERFORMANCE AND DEMONSTRATING OPERATION
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Hamilton, Ryan
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Hydrogen
Pressurized electrolysis
Solid oxide cells
Solid oxide electrolysis

description: This work investigates high pressure solid oxide electrolysis (SOE) through fundamental thermodynamic analysis, system modeling, and experimentation with state of the art (SoA) materials and technology. Pressurized steam electrolysis can meet lifetime efficiency targets reducing the energy requirement for practical hydrogen production by 18% over non-pressurized electrolysis. A system thermoneutral point is determined to maximize lifetime fuel production and system efficiency. Operating conditions and system design tradeoffs are identified for lower cost hydrogen production. Commercial cell testing solutions meeting the demanding operating requirements of high pressure, temperature, oxidizing, and reducing environments are demonstrated for long duration with pressurized and steam conditions. Improved performance is shown with commercially manufactured cells in pressurized testing environments up to 10 barg, though these conditions are found to accelerate degradation of SoA solid oxide materials. The research presented here advances current SOE systems knowledge for renewable fuel production. The findings identify an alternative approach to solid oxide technology development for greater efficiency. Commercialization of this technology has the potential for large scale displacement of fossil fuels.
Region-Based Self-Triggered Control for Perturbed and Uncertain Nonlinear Systems
Creators: name: Delimpaltadakis, Giannis
name: Mazo, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this work, we derive a region-based self-triggered control (STC) scheme for nonlinear systems with bounded disturbances and model uncertainties. The proposed STC scheme is able to guarantee different performance specifications (e.g. stability, boundedness, etc.), depending on the event-triggered control (ETC) triggering function that is chosen to be emulated. To deal with disturbances and uncertainties, we employ differential inclusions (DIs). By introducing ETC/STC notions in the context of DIs, we extend well-known results on ETC/STC to perturbed uncertain systems. Given these results, and adapting tools from our previous work, we derive inner-approximations of isochronous manifolds of perturbed uncertain ETC systems. These approximations dictate a partition of the state-space into regions, each of which is associated to a uniform inter-sampling time. At each sampling time instant, the controller checks to which region the measured state belongs and correspondingly decides the next sampling instant.
title: Betrachtungsweisen der Höflichkeit
Creators: name: Achleitner, Eva
Year: 2010

description: Die vorliegende Diplomarbeit beginnt mit einer Betrachtung der allgemeinen Aspekte und der historischen Entwicklungen des Phänomens Höflichkeit. Anschließend werden vor allem sprachwissenschaftliche Theorien, die in Verbindung mit verbaler Höflichkeit gebracht werden können, Theorien zur sprachlichen Höflichkeit und grammatische Dimensionen der deutschen Sprache, die für den Bereich Höflichkeit relevant sind, näher erklärt. Besonderes Augenmerk wird in dieser Arbeit jedoch auf die Höflichkeit in deutschsprachigen Entschuldigungen gelegt. Charakteristische Eigenschaften von Entschuldigungen, Entschuldigungsstrategien, Modifizierungsstrategien zu Entschuldigungen und soziale Faktoren, die die Entschuldigungshandlung beeinflussen können, werden in der Theorie genau erläutert und später im praktischen Teil ausführlich analysiert. Das Korpus des Analyseteils besteht aus Fragebögen und aus Alltagsbeobachtungen zu mündlichen Entschuldigungen.
The Center of the Partition Algebra
Creators: name: Creedon, Samuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we show that the center of the partition algebra $\mathcal{A}_{2k}(δ)$, in the semisimple case, is given by the subalgebra of supersymmetric polynomials in the normalised Jucys-Murphy elements. For the non-semisimple case, such a subalgebra is shown to be central, and in particular it is large enough to recognise the block structure of $\mathcal{A}_{2k}(δ)$. This allows one to give an alternative description for when two simple $\mathcal{A}_{2k}(δ)$-modules belong to the same block.
description: 33 pages
An Objective Bayesian Analysis of Life's Early Start and Our Late Arrival
Creators: name: Kipping, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Life emerged on the Earth within the first quintile of its habitable window, but a technological civilization did not blossom until its last. Efforts to infer the rate of abiogenesis, based on its early emergence, are frustrated by the selection effect that if the evolution of intelligence is a slow process, then life's early start may simply be a prerequisite to our existence, rather than useful evidence for optimism. In this work, we interpret the chronology of these two events in a Bayesian framework, extending upon previous work by considering that the evolutionary timescale is itself an unknown that needs to be jointly inferred, rather than fiducially set. We further adopt an objective Bayesian approach, such that our results would be agreed upon even by those using wildly different priors for the rates of abiogenesis and evolution - common points of contention for this problem. It is then shown that the earliest microfossil evidence for life indicates that the rate of abiogenesis is at least 2.8 times more likely to be a typically rapid process, rather than a slow one. This modest limiting Bayes factor rises to 8.7 if we accept the more disputed evidence of C13 depleted zircon deposits (Bell et al. 2015). For intelligence evolution, it is found that a rare-intelligence scenario is slightly favored at 3:2 betting odds. Thus, if we re-ran Earth's clock, one should statistically favor life to frequently re-emerge, but intelligence may not be as inevitable.
Understanding cytoskeletal avalanches using mechanical stability analysis
Creators: name: Floyd, Carlos
name: Levine, Herbert
name: Jarzynski, Christopher
name: Papoian, Garegin A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Eukaryotic cells are mechanically supported by a polymer network called the cytoskeleton, which consumes chemical energy to dynamically remodel its structure. Recent experiments in vivo have revealed that this remodeling occasionally happens through anomalously large displacements, reminiscent of earthquakes or avalanches. These cytoskeletal avalanches might indicate that the cytoskeleton's structural response to a changing cellular environment is highly sensitive, and they are therefore of significant biological interest. However, the physics underlying "cytoquakes" is poorly understood. Here, we use agent-based simulations of cytoskeletal self-organization to study fluctuations in the network's mechanical energy. We robustly observe non-Gaussian statistics and asymmetrically large rates of energy release compared to accumulation in a minimal cytoskeletal model. The large events of energy release are found to correlate with large, collective displacements of the cytoskeletal filaments. We also find that the changes in the localization of tension and the projections of the network motion onto the vibrational normal modes are asymmetrically distributed for energy release and accumulation. These results imply an avalanche-like process of slow energy storage punctuated by fast, large events of energy release involving a collective network rearrangement. We further show that mechanical instability precedes cytoquake occurrence through a machine learning model that dynamically forecasts cytoquakes using the vibrational spectrum as input. Our results provide the first connection between the cytoquake phenomenon and the network's mechanical energy and can help guide future investigations of the cytoskeleton's structural susceptibility.
description: 35 pages, 18 figures
Conjecture A and $μ$-invariant for Selmer groups of supersingular elliptic curves
Creators: name: Hamidi, Parham
name: Ray, Jishnu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11R23, 11G05

description: Let $p$ be an odd prime and let $E$ be an elliptic curve defined over a number field $F$ with good reduction at primes above $p$. In this survey article, we give an overview of some of the important results proven for the fine Selmer group and the signed Selmer groups over cyclotomic towers as well as the signed Selmer groups over $\mathbb{Z}_p^2$-extensions of an imaginary quadratic field where $p$ splits completely. We only discuss the algebraic aspects of these objects through Iwasawa theory. We also attempt to give some of the recent results implying the vanishing of the $μ$-invariant under the hypothesis of Conjecture A. Moreover, we draw an analogy between the classical Selmer group in the ordinary reduction case and that of the signed Selmer groups of Kobayashi in the supersingular reduction case. We highlight properties of signed Selmer groups (when $E$ has good supersingular reduction) which are completely analogous to the classical Selmer group (when $E$ has good ordinary reduction). In this survey paper, we do not present any proofs, however we have tried to give references of the discussed results for the interested reader.
description: 31 pages. This is a survey paper
Solitons in the dark: non-linear structure formation with fuzzy dark matter
Creators: name: Mina, Mattia
name: Mota, David F.
name: Winther, Hans A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a full cosmological simulation with the new code SCALAR, where dark matter is in form of fuzzy dark matter, described by a light scalar field with a mass of $m_{\rm B} = 2.5 \times 10^{-22}$ eV and evolving according to the Schrödinger-Poisson system of equations. In comoving units, the simulation volume is $2.5 ~ h^{-1} {\rm Mpc}$ on a side, with a resolution of $20~h^{-1}{\rm pc}$ at the finest refinement level. We analyse the formation and the evolution of central solitonic cores, which are found to leave their imprints on dark matter density profiles, resulting in shallower central densities, and on rotation curves, producing an additional circular velocity peak at small radii from the center. We find that the suppression of structures due to the quantum nature of the scalar field results in an shallower halo mass function in the low-mass end compared to the case of a $Λ$CDM simulation, in which dark matter is expected to cluster at all mass scales even if evolved with the same initial conditions used for fuzzy dark matter. Furthermore, we verify the scaling relations characterising the solution to the Schrödinger-Poisson system, for both isolated and merging halos, and we find that they are preserved by merging processes. We characterise each fuzzy dark matter halo in terms of the dimensionless quantity $Ξ\propto \left | E_{\rm halo} \right |/M_{\rm halo}^3$ and we show that the core mass is tightly linked to the halo mass by the core-halo mass relation $M_{\rm core}/M_{\rm halo} \propto Ξ^{1/3}$. We also show that the core surface density of the simulated fuzzy dark matter halos does not follow the scaling with the core radius as observed for dwarf galaxies, representing a big challenge for the fuzzy dark matter model as the sole explanation of core formation.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures
Draba calycosa var. aucheri Boiss.
Creators: name: AL-Shehbaz, Ihsan A.
name: Barriera, Gabrielle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Brassicales
Brassicaceae
Draba
Draba calycosa
Draba calycosa var. aucheri boiss., fl.

description: Draba calycosa var. aucheri Boiss., Fl. Orient. 1: 299. 1867.
 Draba rosularis Boiss. in Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. ser. 2, 17: 165. 1842.
Note. – This is a renaming of the previous entry at the varietal rank.
description: Published as part of AL-Shehbaz, Ihsan A. & Barriera, Gabrielle, 2019, Typification of Edmond Boissier's Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) names enumerated in Flora Orientalis, pp. 1-193 in Boissiera 72 on page 106, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7630433
Automatic Personality Prediction; an Enhanced Method Using Ensemble Modeling
Creators: name: Ramezani, Majid
name: Feizi-Derakhshi, Mohammad-Reza
name: Balafar, Mohammad-Ali
name: Asgari-Chenaghlu, Meysam
name: Feizi-Derakhshi, Ali-Reza
name: Nikzad-Khasmakhi, Narjes
name: Ranjbar-Khadivi, Mehrdad
name: Jahanbakhsh-Nagadeh, Zoleikha
name: Zafarani-Moattar, Elnaz
name: Rahkar-Farshi, Taymaz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Human personality is significantly represented by those words which he/she uses in his/her speech or writing. As a consequence of spreading the information infrastructures (specifically the Internet and social media), human communications have reformed notably from face to face communication. Generally, Automatic Personality Prediction (or Perception) (APP) is the automated forecasting of the personality on different types of human generated/exchanged contents (like text, speech, image, video, etc.). The major objective of this study is to enhance the accuracy of APP from the text. To this end, we suggest five new APP methods including term frequency vector-based, ontology-based, enriched ontology-based, latent semantic analysis (LSA)-based, and deep learning-based (BiLSTM) methods. These methods as the base ones, contribute to each other to enhance the APP accuracy through ensemble modeling (stacking) based on a hierarchical attention network (HAN) as the meta-model. The results show that ensemble modeling enhances the accuracy of APP.
description: This is a preprint of an article published in "Neural Computing and Applications"
Vivo Als Plattform Für Wissensmanagement Und Community Building Im Bereich Der Konfliktforschung: Wissensorganisation Für Theorie Und Praxis
Creators: name: Frank, Ingo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: vivode18

description: Der Vortrag berichtet von den Erfahrungen mit VIVO als Plattform für ein soziales Netzwerk von Forschern und Praktikern (Community of Practice) zum Austausch von Forschungsbeiträgen und Forschungsdaten zu Projekten und Veranstaltungen im Bereich der Konfliktforschung und des Konfliktmanagements. Im Werkstattbericht über das laufende Projekt konzentriere ich mich auf den Einsatz von VIVO als informationstechnischer Basis und der ISF-Ontologie (Integrated Semantic Framework) als ontologischem Rahmen für Aufbau und Einsatz von Wissensorganisationssystemen zur Disziplin- und Themen-spezifischen Kontextualisierung und interdisziplinären Suche von Forschungsinformation. Die Wissensorganisationssysteme dienen darüber hinaus als Grundlage für ein Expert Finder-Tool zum gezielten Finden von Experten zu bestimmten Themen und für die Integration relevanter weiterführender Ressourcen (Normdatensätze wie GND und JRC-Names, Datenbanken wie dem UCDP Georeferenced Event Dataset (GED), GDELT (Global  Database of Events, Language, and Tone) und dem Peace Agreement Database Project (PA-X) und die Einbindung darauf aufbauender Informationsvisualisierungswerkzeuge über SPARQL.
Supporting material for "More than surface finds: Nubian Levallois core metric variability and site distribution across Africa and Southwest Asia" (JPA, Samawi & Hallinan 2024)
Creators: name: Hallinan, Emily
Publisher: name: OSF
Year: 2024

description: This material accompanies the article "More than surface finds: Nubian Levallois core metric variability and site distribution across Africa and Southwest Asia" (Samawi and Hallinan 2024, submitted to Journal of Paleolithic Archaeology)
Lista kontrolna oceny funkcjonalności (Functionality Assessment Checklist, FAC)
Creators: name: Krol, Karol
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 401302
subject: Geospatial information systems and geospatial data modelling
classificationCode: 350715
subject: Quality management
classificationCode: 460504
subject: Data quality
classificationCode: 370499
subject: Geoinformatics not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 460508
subject: Information retrieval and web search

description: Niemały potencjał w planowaniu turystyki zrównoważonej mają geoportale oraz serwisy (geo)informacyjne typu mashup, które poprzez nowoczesne rozwiązania informatyczne umożliwiają bardziej zrównoważone planowanie turystyki, zarówno po stronie popytowej, jak i podażowej. W pracy postawiono dwa cele badawcze: 1) opracowanie listy kontrolnej służącej do oceny funkcjonalności geoportali turystycznych i jej ewaluacja oraz 2) ocena wyposażenia wybranych geoportali turystycznych w funkcje przydatne w planowaniu turystyki zrównoważonej przy pomocy opracowanej listy kontrolnej. Aby zrealizować przyjęte cele opracowano narzędzie badawcze w postaci Functionality Assessment Checklist (FAC). FAC to zestaw autorskich kryteriów, pomocnych w ocenie jakości geoportali turystycznych. W pracy postawiono następujące pytania badawcze: Q1) Jakie funkcje powinny być uwzględnione na liście kontrolnej oceny funkcjonalności geoportali przydatnych w planowaniu turystyki zrównoważonej?; Q2) W jakie funkcje powinien być wyposażony geoportal, aby umożliwiać planowanie turystyki zrównoważonej? Według mojej najlepszej wiedzy jest to pierwsze opracowanie naukowe, które przedstawia kompleksowe założenia dla oceny funkcjonalności geoportali turystycznych. Wyniki badań opublikowano:
Król, K.; Zdonek, D.; Sroka, W. (2024). Functionality Assessment Checklist for Evaluating Geoportals Useful in Planning Sustainable Tourism. Sustainability, 16(12), 5242. https://doi.org/10.3390/su16125242
Il Mercato del Lavoro in Italia: una lettura a partire dal caso dell’Edilizia
Creators: name: De Angelis, Gianluca
Publisher: name: Argomenti
Year: 2018
Subjects: Edilizia, Costruzioni, Mercato del Lavoro, Indicatori, Giovani, precarietà

description: Con il presente articolo si coglie l’occasione offerta dalla nuova edizione dell’Osservatorio Costruzioni realizzato per la Fondazione Di Vittorio e Fillea Cgil per avanzare alcune riflessioni in merito alle dinamiche che attraversano e trasformano il mercato del lavoro italiano. L’analisi descrittiva, per lo più di carattere quantitativo, è realizzata a partire dai micro-dati della Rilevazione Continua sulle Forze di Lavoro distribuiti dall’Istat per uso pubblico. Dopo un primo paragrafo, dedicato alla problematicità della portata descrittiva della banca dati utilizzata, il secondo e il terzo paragrafo danno conto dell’analisi vera e propria passando dal mercato del lavoro nel suo complesso a quello specifico dell’edilizia, evidenziando i rischi di dequalificazione per i segmenti occupazionali più fragili.
Classificazione JEL: J21; J81; O14.
Parole chiave: Edilizia, Costruzioni, Mercato del Lavoro, Indicatori, Giovani, Precarietà.

The Italian Labour Market: the case of the Construction Industry sector

The aim of this paper is to provide an analysis of Italian labour market with a focus on the Construction Industry sector. In the first paragraph, a reflection about the performative dimension of indicators contextualizes the analysis developed in the next ones. After a brief methodological note, the third paragraph concerns the dynamics of Italian labour market, paying full attention on young precarity and other segmentations. The third paragraph provides a full analysis on Construction Sector, especially focusing on work conditions, permanent and non-permanent work, worked hours dynamics and on safety dimension. By conclusions, the three parts of the paper can find a united lecture.
JEL Classification: J21; J81; O14.
Keywords: Construction Industry, Labour Market, Indicators, Index, Young workers, Precarity.
description: Argomenti, N. 10 (2018): Maggio-Agosto