cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Electrical resistance of individual defects at a topological insulator surface
Creators: name: Lüpke, Felix
name: Eschbach, Markus
name: Heider, Tristan
name: Lanius, Martin
name: Schüffelgen, Peter
name: Rosenbach, Daniel
name: Driesch, Nils von den
name: Cherepanov, Vasily
name: Mussler, Gregor
name: Plucinski, Lukasz
name: Grützmacher, Detlev
name: Schneider, Claus M.
name: Voigtländer, Bert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three-dimensional topological insulators host surface states with linear dispersion, which manifest as a Dirac cone. Nanoscale transport measurements provide direct access to the transport properties of the Dirac cone in real space and allow the detailed investigation of charge carrier scattering. Here, we use scanning tunnelling potentiometry to analyse the resistance of different kinds of defects at the surface of a (Bi0.53Sb0.47)2Te3 topological insulator thin film. The largest localized voltage drop we find to be located at domain boundaries in the topological insulator film, with a resistivity about four times higher than that of a step edge. Furthermore, we resolve resistivity dipoles located around nanoscale voids in the sample surface. The influence of such defects on the resistance of the topological surface state is analysed by means of a resistor network model. The effect resulting from the voids is found to be small compared to the other defects.
title: Mineralogy and its contribution to anisotropy and kerogen stiffness variations with maturity in the Bakken shales
Creators: name: Mba, Kene
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2007

description: The understanding of the controls on anisotropy and stiffness of the soft components (kerogens and clays) of organic-rich shales is important in developing methods for indirect and in-situ detection of maturity. Mineralogy of eleven Bakken shale samples with varying thermal maturities was studied to determine the contribution of mineralogy to anisotropy and kerogen stiffness variations between the shales. It was found that anisotropy increased with increasing clay content and that kerogen stiffness increased with maturity. Increasing clay content allows for increased micro-cracking during hydrocarbon expulsion, and so increased anisotropy. This clay-related anisotropy is independent of depth. Rock physics models aimed at the indirect prediction of maturity in organic-rich shales need to account for clay-related anisotropy and kerogen stiffness changes for better accuracy in impedance modeling.
Cytology in Ruminant and Camelid Practice
Creators: name: Callan, Robert J.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2008

description: Cytology is often an overlooked diagnostic modality in food animal medicine. The reasons for this are varied but often revolve around unfamiliarity with the indications, procedures, methods of evaluation, or criteria for interpretation. Diseased tissues tend to respond with specific changes in cell type and architecture. Evaluation of these changes can aid in refining a diagnosis, establishing a prognosis and recommending specific treatment. Collection of cytological samples from both solid tissues and body fluids is a simple, efficient and economical procedure. The methods for collection and preparation of these samples including abdominocentesis, thoracocentesis, pericardiocentesis, tracheal wash aspirates and cerebral spinal fluid are described. Interpretation of cytological and fluid analysis is also discussed.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2008
A closed formula for the generating function of p-Bernoulli numbers
Creators: name: Kargın, Levent
name: Rahmani, Mourad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11B68, 11B83

description: In this paper, using geometric polynomials, we obtain a generating function of p-Bernoulli numbers. As a consequences this generating function, we derive closed formulas for the finite summation of Bernoulli and harmonic numbers involving Stirling numbers of the second kind.
title: Technique for large-scale EBSD mapping of polycrystalline silicon
Creators: name: Guthrey, Harvey
name: Moutinho, Helio
name: Al-Jassim, Mowafak
name: Gorman, Brian P.
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2007

description: The use of the electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) technique to create maps of polycrystalline materials is generally limited to areas less than a square millimeter. In order to map larger areas, steps must be taken to address issues such as specimen preparation of large surface areas and orientation of these large specimens so they can be mounted appropriately in the microscope. Issues related to scanning areas larger than the SEM field of view and incorporating the results of these individual scans in to a final map are also still challenges. In this work we present the procedure and results for EBSD mapping of a polycrystalline silicon wafer with an area of 156 X 156 mm2. Techniques for field stitching, choosing pixel densities, and potential hardware modifications for EBSD mapping of large samples will be discussed.
Synthetic gauge potential and effective magnetic field in a Raman medium undergoing molecular modulation
Creators: name: Yuan, Luqi
name: Wang, Da-wei
name: Fan, Shanhui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically demonstrate non-trivial topological effects for a probe field in a Raman medium undergoing molecular modulation processes. The medium is driven by two non-collinear pump beams. We show that the angle between the pumps is related to an effective gauge potential and an effective magnetic field for the probe field in the synthetic space consisting of a synthetic frequency dimension and a spatial dimension. As a result of such effective magnetic field, the probe field can exhibit topologically-protected one-way edge state in the synthetic space, as well as Landau levels which manifests as suppression of both diffraction and sideband generation. Our work identifies a previously unexplored route towards creating topological photonics effects, and highlights an important connection between topological photonics and nonlinear optics.
title: Lupin Blanc, Lupin Bleu, Lupin Jaune :
title: Principes directeurs pour la conduite de l’examen de la distinction, de l’homogénéité et de la stabilité.
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unas)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004

description: Ces principes directeurs (“principes directeurs d’examen”) visent à approfondir les principes énoncés dans l’introduction générale (document TG/1/3) et dans les documents TGP qui s’y rapportent afin de donner des indications concrètes détaillées pour l’harmonisation de l’examen de la distinction, de l’homogénéité et de la stabilité (DHS) et, en particulier, à identifier des caractères convenant à l’examen DHS et à la production de descriptions variétales harmonisées.
title: The spatio-temporal pattern of hake M. hubbsi abundance and environmental influence in the Patagonian shelf area
Creators: name: Wang, J.
name: Pierce, G. J.
name: Portela, J. M.
name: Bellido, J. M.
name: Cardoso, X. A.
Publisher: name: ASC 2002 - Q - Theme session
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The Argentine hake (Merluccius hubbsi) is one of the most important fishery resources in the Southwest Atlantic. This species is widely distributed in the Patagonian shelf area and it is a major target species by international fleets in this South West Atlantic area. This paper presents results on the spatio-temporal distribution pattern of hake M. hubbsi abundance and environmental influence in the Patagonian shelf area. Spanish commercial fisheries data from 1989 to 1999 were used in the analysis.
Solving Systems of Linear Equations with a Superconducting Quantum Processor
Creators: name: Zheng, Yarui
name: Song, Chao
name: Chen, Ming-Cheng
name: Xia, Benxiang
name: Liu, Wuxin
name: Guo, Qiujiang
name: Zhang, Libo
name: Xu, Da
name: Deng, Hui
name: Huang, Keqiang
name: Wu, Yulin
name: Yan, Zhiguang
name: Zheng, Dongning
name: Lu, Li
name: Pan, Jian-Wei
name: Wang, H.
name: Lu, Chao-Yang
name: Zhu, Xiaobo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconducting quantum circuits are promising candidate for building scalable quantum computers. Here, we use a four-qubit superconducting quantum processor to solve a two-dimensional system of linear equations based on a quantum algorithm proposed by Harrow, Hassidim, and Lloyd [Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{103}, 150502 (2009)], which promises an exponential speedup over classical algorithms under certain circumstances. We benchmark the solver with quantum inputs and outputs, and characterize it by non-trace-preserving quantum process tomography, which yields a process fidelity of $0.837\pm0.006$. Our results highlight the potential of superconducting quantum circuits for applications in solving large-scale linear systems, a ubiquitous task in science and engineering.
Nesting-induced Local Electronic Patterns around a Single As (Te, Se) Vacancy in Iron-based Superconductors
Creators: name: Zhang, Degang
name: Liu, Zhihai
name: Ma, Jianming
name: Liu, Jiangshan
name: Xie, Zhengwei
name: Ting, C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The local electronic states around a single As (Te, Se) vacancy are investigated in order to shed light on the role of ligands in a series of iron-based superconductors. Such a vacancy can produce a local hopping correction ranging from $-0.22$ eV to 0.12 eV and always induce two in-gap resonance peaks in the local density of states (LDOS) at the fixed symmetrical bias voltages, which are rather robust and irrelevant to the phase of superconducting order parameter. The LDOS images near the defect predominantly possess $0^o$ and $45^o$ stripes. These energy-dependent charge modulations created by quasiparticle interference are originated in the nesting effect between the inner (outer) hole Fermi surface around $Γ$ point and the inner (outer) electron Fermi surface around $M$ point.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Basic Mastitis Microbiology for Veterinary Technicians
Creators: name: Gorden, Patrick J.
name: Timms, Leo L.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2008

description: Mastitis culturing programs provide a wealth of information to dairy farms for their milk quality control and treatment programs. Labs providing this information can be in-house at veterinary clinics or on-farm. Laboratories must have established protocols for collecting and handling proper samples, identifying bacterial isolates, reporting results and quality control. Veterinary technicians can be integral in the setting up and day-to-day operation of these labs, both in-house and on-farm.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2008
Importance Sampling of Rare Events in Chaotic Systems
Creators: name: Leitao, Jorge C.
name: Lopes, Joao M. Viana Parente
name: Altmann, Eduardo G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Finding and sampling rare trajectories in dynamical systems is a difficult computational task underlying numerous problems and applications. In this paper we show how to construct Metropolis- Hastings Monte Carlo methods that can efficiently sample rare trajectories in the (extremely rough) phase space of chaotic systems. As examples of our general framework we compute the distribution of finite-time Lyapunov exponents (in different chaotic maps) and the distribution of escape times (in transient-chaos problems). Our methods sample exponentially rare states in polynomial number of samples (in both low- and high-dimensional systems). An open-source software that implements our algorithms and reproduces our results can be found in https://github.com/jorgecarleitao/chaospp
description: 24 pages, 14 figures, Codes available in: https://github.com/jorgecarleitao/chaospp
Assessment of vaccine efficacy in early-weaned beef calves challenged with bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV)
Creators: name: Chamorro, Manuel F.
name: Walz, Paul H.
name: Passler, Thomas
name: Rodning, Soren
name: Gard, Julie
name: Riddell, Kay
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2013

description: Early weaning of beef calves is a management strategy that beef cattle producers can implement to reduce their forage needs and maintain the cow herd during severe drought. To ensure the economic success of early weaning, adequate vaccination protocols must be implemented. Vaccination of young calves against BVDV is a key management strategy to prevent economic losses associated with disease caused by BVDV in beef herds. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of different BVDV vaccines for protecting calves against virulent BVDV challenge 45 days after vaccination, and the effect of BVDV vaccination on weight gain of early-weaned beef calves that become acutely infected with BVDV.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2013
title: Ecological indications for long-term variations of Atlantic inflow into the northwestern North Sea
Creators: name: Corten, Ad
Publisher: name: ASC 2002 - Q - Theme session
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Plankton indicator species for Atlantic water in the northwestern North Sea showed a sustained decline in the period 1965-1980. This indicated a decline of Atlantic inflow, or at least of the content of Atlantic water in the inflow during this period. The decline of Atlantic influence coincided with a shift of herring spawning grounds and a reduction of herring recruitment. At the same time the sprat stock in the northwestern North Sea expanded. Both phenomena could be explained by a reduced inflow of Atlantic water. Earlier shifts of herring spawning grounds between Aberdeen Bank and Shetland Orkney suggests that long-term variations in Atlantic inflow in the northwestern North Sea are a regular phenomenon. The same conclusion can be drawn from long-term cyclic variations in growth rate of the bivalve Artica islandica. The postulated variations of Atlantic inflow into the northwestern North Sea could be related to the Russell cycle in the Western English Channel.
Association of bovine leukemia virus and Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis with shedding of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC)
Creators: name: Venegas-Vargas, C.
name: Bartlett, P.
name: Coussens, P.
name: Manning, S. D.
name: Grooms, D.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2013

description: Cattle are a reservoir of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC), which is an important cause of foodborne illness and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) in children. Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is a retrovirus that causes enzootic bovine leukosis. Most animals infected with BLV never develop clinical signs, but 30% of BLV carriers will develop a persistent lymphocytosis, and< 5% will develop malignant lymphosarcoma. Johnes' disease (JD) is caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis (MAP), and cattle generally become infected with MAP at a very early age ( < 30 days old), although clinical disease does not typically manifest itself until 3-5 years of age. Recent studies have estimated the herd prevalence of BLV and JD in Michigan dairy herds to be approximately 85% and 50%, respectively. Both diseases are chronic in nature and can have a negative impact on the health and productivity of cattle from both clinical and subclinical effects. Because of their chronic and potentially debilitating nature, secondary health issues are often associated with BLV and JD. Our hypothesis was that cattle infected with BLV and JD were more likely to shed STEC than were uninfected cattle. Our rationale for this hypothesis was that BLV affects the immune system of cattle, which might favor the colonization and shedding of STEC. In the case of JD, the alteration of normal intestinal function and structure could potentially favor the colonization and shedding of STEC in infected cattle. Our objective was to determine whether cattle that test positive for JD and BLV could be a potential target population for the implementation of control strategies to reduce STEC contamination in the human food chain.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2013
title: Transformation of the U.S.-ROK alliance: balancing American strategic flexibility and South Korean modernization, The
Creators: name: Cerella, Anthony F.
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2007

description: Even though the bilateral security alliance between South Korea and the United States is a product of Cold War it remains strategically significant for Korean and Northeast Asian stability. The alliance is currently changing as both the United States and South Korea are modifying their military strategies and structures. The United States is currently transforming its defense structure centering on the idea of strategic flexibility. Strategic flexibility involves reexamining and reallocating global force structures to best combat a host of non-traditional threats. American transformation is changing the mission and scope of United States Forces Korea (USFK); considered the linchpin of the U.S.-ROK (Republic of Korea) alliance. Concurrently South Korea is assuming more responsibility for its defense and is instituting a detailed defense modernization plan known as the Defense Reform Plan 2020 (DRP). The simultaneous implementation of both plans will influence regional stability and test the long-term viability of the U.S.-ROK alliance. Simultaneous transformation will alter the alliance however, neither transformation plan calls for the elimination of the alliance. Joint synchronization of American and South Korean transformation plans; continued coordination and communication are the best policies to maintain the alliance. In sum this long-standing Cold War alliance remains valuable for the United States and Northeast Asia as it continues to promote regional security and stability.
Prevalence of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis (MAP) ELISA-positive cows and assessment of MAP transmission risk on organic dairy farms in Ontario, Canada
Creators: name: Pieper, L.
name: Godkin, A.
name: Sorge, U. S.
name: Lissemore, K. D.
name: DeVries, T. J.
name: Kelton, D. F.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2013

description: Johne's disease (JD) is caused by Mycobacterium avium spp paratuberculosis (MAP). It is an incurable, chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract of cattle that causes diarrhea, weight loss, and reduced production. Commonly recognized risk factors for MAP transmission include purchase of subclinically infected cows and the infection of calves through ingestion of manure, colostrum or milk containing MAP shed by infected cattle. To limit the negative effects of JD on the dairy industry in Ontario, Canada, the voluntary Ontario Johne's Education and Management Assistance Program (OJEMAP) was implemented in January 2010. Producers can participate in MAP antibody ELISA testing and an on-farm risk assessment and management plan (RAMP) with their herd veterinarian. High RAMP scores are associated with high risk for MAP transmission. Organic farming is one of the fastest growing agricultural sectors worldwide. In Ontario, approximately 80 dairy farms (2% of all dairy farms) are certified organic. While most organic farmers tend to maintain closed herds, which would reduce the risk for JD introduction, they also often support prolonged contact between newborn calves and their dams. These and other factors could potentially influence the risk of MAP transmission as well as JD prevalence and prevention efforts on organic dairy farms. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the Johne's ELISA prevalence and Johne's disease transmission risk on organic dairy farms in Ontario.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2013
On Two-Component Dark-Bright Solitons in Three-dimensional Atomic Bose-Einstein Condensates
Creators: name: Wang, Wenlong
name: Kevrekidis, P. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work, we revisit two-component Bose-Einstein condensates in their fully three-dimensional (3d) form. Motivated by earlier studies of dark-bright solitons in the 1d case, we explore the stability of these structures in their fully 3d form in two variants. In one the dark soliton is planar and trapping a planar bright (disk) soliton. In the other case, a dark spherical shell soliton creates an effective potential in which a bright spherical shell of atoms is trapped in the second component. We identify these solutions as numerically exact states (up to a prescribed accuracy) and perform a Bogolyubov-de Gennes linearization analysis that illustrates that both structures can be dynamically stable in suitable intervals of sufficiently low chemical potentials. We corroborate this finding theoretically by analyzing the stability via degenerate perturbation theory near the linear limit of the system. When the solitary waves are found to be unstable, we explore their dynamical evolution via direct numerical simulations which, in turn, reveal novel waveforms that are more robust. Finally, using the SO$(2)$ symmetry of the model, we produce multi-dark-bright planar or shell solitons involved in pairwise oscillatory motion.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
title: Extrinsic control of shelf sea ecosystems: Multi-decadal dynamics in the North Sea - implications for management
Creators: name: Robinson, Leonie
name: Frid, Chris
Publisher: name: ASC 2002 - Q - Theme session
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The Dove Time Series represent one of the best coastal ecological datasets for the North Sea. The series include monthly records of plankton and annual samples at two benthic stations. Previously these series have been used for estimates of productivity, the extent of bentho-pelagic coupling and the role of extrinsic drivers in controlling inter-annual variability. In this paper we examine the 30-year benthic series in relation to a number of measures of potential climatic/hydrographic drivers and the productivity of the plankton. We further consider the role of larval supply (as indexed by larval abundance in the zooplankton series) and fishing disturbance. There is no evidence of major regime shifts at either benthic station, or in the zooplankton, however there is an influence of extrinsic factors on the zooplankton and of plankton production on the benthos. Fisheries effects mask these relationships at the benthic station located within a fishing ground. The implications for developing the level of ecological understanding necessary in order to under pin ecosystem-based approaches to management are discussed.
Superspace and global stability in General Relativity
Creators: name: Gurzadyan, A. V.
name: Kocharyan, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A framework is developed enabling the global analysis of the stability of cosmological models using the local geometric characteristics of the infinite-dimensional superspace, i.e. using the generalised Jacobi equation reformulated for pseudo-Riemannian manifolds. We give a direct formalism for dynamical analysis in the superspace, the requisite equation pertinent for stability analysis of the universe by means of generalized covariant and Fermi derivative is derived. Then, the relevant definitions and formulae are retrieved for cosmological models with a scalar field.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, to appear in IJMPD April issue
Segmentation Models for 3D neuroanatomic segmentation
Creators: name: Roy, Saikat
name: Kügler, David
name: Reuter, Martin
Publisher: name: FZ-Juelich B2SHARE
Year: 2022
Subjects: 4.1.17.1.2.1 → Machine learning → Artificial neural network
4.1.18.9 → Mathematics → Computational neuroscience
deep 3D convolutional nets
whole brain segmentation
deep ensemble

description: With this work, we provide a 3D whole brain segmentation models that outperforms the 2.5D approach FastSurferCNN. Furthermore, we explore the efficacy of spatial ensembling and its parameters. This resource contains the model files associated with final results of "Are 2.5D approaches superior to 3D deep networks in whole brain segmentation?" by Roy, Saikat; Kügler, David; Reuter, Martin to be published at the MIDL 2022 conference https://openreview.net/forum?id=Ob62JPB_CDF. These model files allow reproduction of our evaluation results and application of our models to other datasets. The accompanying source code is provided at https://github.com/Deep-MI/3d-neuro-seg .
description: unensembled_model: Weights of the 3D architecture trained without "Spatial Ensembling" labeled "Ours (w/o SL)" in the paper. ensembled_model_: Weights of the 3D architecture with all methodological options enabled labeled "Ours" in the paper. The index identifies the associated image region (image quadrant). Find further documentation w.r.t. image regions in model/QuadNet.py at https://github.com/Deep-MI/3d-neuro-seg (especially assign_nets_to_coords() )
title: Quantum many-body tunneling of Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Glick, Joseph
name: Carr, Lincoln D.
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2007

description: Consider the tunneling of a many-body wavefunction through a potential barrier. Specifically we examine quantum many-body tunneling of ultracold bosons in one dimensional optical lattice potentials. Such systems are described by the Bose-Hubbard model, and serve as an ideal testbed for the observation of quantum phenomena on macroscopic length scales. Bright solitons, self-sustaining nonlinear waves, are confined by a thin potential barrier. By decreasing the size of the barrier or by tuning the nonlinearity, we find that the bound states can be transformed into quasi-bound ones as the soliton tunnels collectively out of confinement. The lowly entangled 1D many-body problem can be numerically solved via time-evolving block decimation: a time-adaptive density matrix renormalization group routine. As a sanity check the results can be compared to mean-field theory predictions obtained from numerical analysis of the Nonlinear Schrodinger equation. The goal behind this effort is to explore the previously intractable physics in regimes where the mean-field theory fails, and to provide a stringent test on the validity of quantum mechanics for complex entangled systems.
Association between risk assessment scores and lactating cow Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis ELISA results on Ontario dairy farms
Creators: name: Pieper, L.
name: Godkin, A.
name: Sorge, U. S.
name: Lissemore, K. D.
name: DeVries, T. J.
name: Kelton, D. F.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2013

description: Johne's disease (JD) is a chronic, gastrointestinal disease of ruminants, including cattle, caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis (MAP). After calves become infected by means of ingestion of MAP in feces, colostrum or milk, it usually takes years before signs of JD can be detected. Currently, there is no treatment for JD. Disease control strategies focus on farm management practices to prevent the disease from spreading. Subclinical and clinical JD significantly impairs the production and reduces the slaughter value of affected dairy cattle. Of great concern is the suspected association between JD in cattle and Crohn's disease in humans; however, a definite link between those two diseases has not yet been established. To control JD, the Ontario dairy industry launched the Ontario Johne's Education and Management Assistance Program (OJEMAP) in January 2010. The OJEMAP is based on a veterinary administered on-farm risk assessment and management plan (RAMP), where a high risk score indicates a high risk for MAP transmission. Farmers can test lactating cows for antibodies against MAP by use of an ELISA performed on milk or serum. The RAMP focuses on management strategies for biosecurity, calving area, calf and heifer rearing, lactating and dry-cow hygiene, and general manure handling. As of April 2013, half of all Ontario dairy farms have voluntarily participated in this program; however, an evaluation of the use of the RAMP and its association with Johne's disease in this broader Ontario program has not been conducted. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to determine relationships among RAMP scores, ELISA results, and the recommendations made by the veterinarians administering the RAMP.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2013
Spin injection into Si in three-terminal vertical and four-terminal lateral devices with Fe/Mg/MgO/Si tunnel junctions having an ultrathin Mg insertion layer
Creators: name: Sato, Shoichi
name: Nakane, Ryosho
name: Hada, Takato
name: Tanaka, Masaaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrated that the spin injection/extraction efficiency is enhanced by an ultrathin Mg insertion layer (<= 2 nm) in Fe/Mg/MgO/n+-Si tunnel junctions. In diode-type vertical three-terminal devices fabricated on a Si substrate, we observed the narrower three-terminal Hanle (N-3TH) signals indicating true spin injection into Si, and estimated the spin polarization in Si to be 16% when the thickness of the Mg insertion layer is 1 nm, whereas no N-3TH signal was observed without Mg insertion. This means that the spin injection/extraction efficiency is enhanced by suppressing the formation of a magnetically-dead layer at the Fe/MgO interface. We have also observed clear spin transport signals, such as non-local Hanle signals and spin-valve signals, in a lateral four-terminal device with the same Fe/Mg/MgO/n+-Si tunnel junctions fabricated on a Si-on-insulator substrate. It was found that both the intensity and linewidth of the spin signals are affected by the geometrical effects (device geometry and size). We have derived analytical functions taking into account the device structures, including channel thickness and electrode size, and estimated important parameters; spin lifetime and spin polarizations. Our analytical functions well explain the experimental results. Our study shows the importance of suppressing a magnetically-dead layer, and provides a unified understanding of spin injection/detection signals in different device geometries.
description: 32 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables
Interpretation of repeated testing for Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis on Ontario dairy herds
Creators: name: Kelton, D. F.
name: Godkin, M. A.
name: Fairles, J.
name: Roche, S.
name: Van De Water, D.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2013

description: The Ontario Johne's Education and Management Assistance Program (OJEMAP) is a dairy industry-funded Johne's disease (JD) control program launched in January 2010. The program offers dairy producers a one-time opportunity to test their adult cow herd for antibodies against Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) by use of a milk or blood ELISA test. As herds completed their milking herd test, a common question from herd owners and veterinarians was "When should I test next .... how often should I test my herd?" A review of aggressive JD control programs around the world suggests that there are no standard recommendations regarding testing frequency. The Danish program, in existence for 7 years, is based on quarterly testing of the entire milking herd using a milk ELISA. Dr. Soren Nielsen, who developed the Danish Program and serves as its director, argues that given the relatively poor sensitivity of all JD tests, quarterly testing allows each cow to have at least 3 test results per year, the results of which can then be used to classify cows as at high-, moderate-, or low-risk for transmitting MAP to herd mates. Implementation of this strategy has led to a decrease in JD test-positive prevalence from 10% to 6% of cows in herds participating in the program. Unfortunately, this aggressive herd test program carries a high cost and the benefits of quarterly testing over a single annual test are difficult to quantify. The objective of this project was to evaluate and gain experience in the interpretation of repeated testing for MAP with currently available tests in Ontario dairy herds.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2013
Relationship between uterine pathology and depletion of oxytetracycline concentrations in plasma and milk after intrauterine infusion
Creators: name: Gorden, P. J.
name: Coetzee, J. F.
name: Lee, C. J.
name: Wulf, L. W.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2013

description: Up to 90% of dairy cows develop bacterial contamination of the uterus during the first week after calving. Intrauterine treatment with antimicrobials is commonly practiced on dairy farms, even though studies demonstrating improved reproductive performance after treatment are lacking. Intrauterine infusion of antimicrobials can result in costly milk discard, and increases the risk for antimicrobial residue in bulk-tank milk intended for human consumption. Because there are currently no antimicrobials approved for intrauterine administration in cattle, the veterinarian is primarily responsible for ensuring that milk from treated cows is free from antimicrobial residues. Results of previous trials have indicated considerable variation in the depletion profile of drugs after intrauterine infusion. For this study, we hypothesized that the variability in the elimination of oxytetracycline in milk is associated with the extent of uterine pathology among cases.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2013
title: Evidence for effects on the North Sea ecosystem due to varying oceanic inflow over the last 100 years
Creators: name: Reid, Philip
name: Edwards, Martin
name: Beaugrand, Gregory
name: Skogen, Morten
name: Stevens, Darren
Publisher: name: ASC 2002 - Q - Theme session
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Oceanic inflow is estimated to contribute more than 90% of the nutrient input into the North Sea (NSTF, 1993). Variability in the volume, chemical properties, biological content and source of the inflowing water is thus likely to have a considerable effect on North Sea ecosystems. Changes seen in the plankton over the last 40 years, measured by the Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR) survey, allow clear periods to be identified that appear to be associated with variability in inflow. Monthly estimates of inflow, outflow and netflow across a section between Orkney and Utsira in Norway, have been derived from runs of the NORWECOM model for two depth intervals: surface to 150m and >150m. A comparison is made between these modelled physical measurements and plankton results for the period 1958 to 1999. Distinguished plankton periods that appear to reflect changing inflow events are discussed in relation to hydrometeorological and fisheries variability and earlier plankton studies over approximately the last 100 years.
Online learnability of Statistical Relational Learning in anomaly detection
Creators: name: Jändel, Magnus
name: Svenson, Pontus
name: Wadströmer, Niclas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.6

description: Statistical Relational Learning (SRL) methods for anomaly detection are introduced via a security-related application. Operational requirements for online learning stability are outlined and compared to mathematical definitions as applied to the learning process of a representative SRL method - Bayesian Logic Programs (BLP). Since a formal proof of online stability appears to be impossible, tentative common sense requirements are formulated and tested by theoretical and experimental analysis of a simple and analytically tractable BLP model. It is found that learning algorithms in initial stages of online learning can lock on unstable false predictors that nevertheless comply with our tentative stability requirements and thus masquerade as bona fide solutions. The very expressiveness of SRL seems to cause significant stability issues in settings with many variables and scarce data. We conclude that reliable anomaly detection with SRL-methods requires monitoring by an overarching framework that may involve a comprehensive context knowledge base or human supervision.
description: 8 pages. Author contact xpontus@gmail.com
Does digital dermatitis cause hoof conformation changes in its early clinical stage?
Creators: name: Gomez, A.
name: Cook, N.
name: Cooley, K.
name: Dumbar, K.
name: Rieman, J.
name: Dopfer, D.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2013

description: It is well described how hoof conformation in dairy cattle changes over time because of variation in physiology or production systems. Decreased production and well-being associated with hoof overgrowth has caused a whole hoof-trimming industry to be built, with the objective of reestablishing the optimal balance and claw angle and preventing lameness. The feet of cows with severe clinical digital dermatitis (DD) undergo dramatic transformation that is easily recognizable. It is not uncommon to observe "square feet" on cattle with DD, where the heel has overgrown such that the animal alters its gait and wears down the toe, which decreases the dorsal length of the claw, sometimes to the same length as the heel. Consequently, cattle become painful and lame not only from the ulcerated DD lesion, but also from the extra wear and trauma of the toe or the white line area. Changes in hoof conformation during the early or less severe stages of DD have not been described. The objective of this study was to describe the changes in hoof conformation caused by early clinical DD lesions.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2013
Sympiler: Transforming Sparse Matrix Codes by Decoupling Symbolic Analysis
Creators: name: Cheshmi, Kazem
name: Kamil, Shoaib
name: Strout, Michelle Mills
name: Dehnavi, Maryam Mehri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Sympiler is a domain-specific code generator that optimizes sparse matrix computations by decoupling the symbolic analysis phase from the numerical manipulation stage in sparse codes. The computation patterns in sparse numerical methods are guided by the input sparsity structure and the sparse algorithm itself. In many real-world simulations, the sparsity pattern changes little or not at all. Sympiler takes advantage of these properties to symbolically analyze sparse codes at compile-time and to apply inspector-guided transformations that enable applying low-level transformations to sparse codes. As a result, the Sympiler-generated code outperforms highly-optimized matrix factorization codes from commonly-used specialized libraries, obtaining average speedups over Eigen and CHOLMOD of 3.8X and 1.5X respectively.
description: 12 pages
Evaluation of monthly individual cow somatic cell count data to predict the risk of exceeding a bulk-tank somatic cell count threshold of 400,000 c/mL
Creators: name: Fauteux, V.
name: Roy, J. -P.
name: Bouchard, Émile
name: Scholl, Daniel
name: Haine, Denis
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2013

description: Since August 2012, the upper tolerance limit for bulk-tank somatic cell count (BTSCC) in Canada is 400,000 c/mL. Among Quebec's dairy herds in 2011, 13% of BTSCC analyses exceeded that limit and were at risk of financial penalties. Herd indices on the basis of individual-cow somatic cell count (SCC) variations around a threshold of 200,000 c/mL between 2 consecutive months in lactation have been described (proportion of cows cured, new 'intramammary infection [NIMI], healthy or chronic) and could be used to monitor the dynamics of herd udder health. The objective of this study was to use individual-cow udder health indices for the preceding 3-month period to develop a predictive model to estimate the risk of exceeding the BTSCC limit of 400,000 c/mL the following month.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2013
PROMPTING AUDIOS USING ACOUSTIC PROPERTIES FOR EMOTION REPRESENTATION
Creators: Soham Deshmukh
Huaming Wang
Bhiksha Raj
Rita Singh
Publisher: name: IEEE Signal Processing Society
Year: 2024

description: Emotions lie on a continuum, but current models treat emotions
as a finite valued discrete variable. This representation does not
capture the diversity in the expression of emotion. To better rep-
resent emotions we propose the use of natural language descrip-
tions (or prompts). In this work, we address the challenge of au-
tomatically generating these prompts and training a model to better
learn emotion representations from audio and prompt pairs. We use
acoustic properties that are correlated to emotion like pitch, intensity,
speech rate, and articulation rate to automatically generate prompts
i.e. ‘acoustic prompts’. We use a contrastive learning objective to
map speech to their respective acoustic prompts. We evaluate our
model on Emotion Audio Retrieval and Speech Emotion Recogni-
tion. Our results show that the acoustic prompts significantly im-
prove the model’s performance in EAR, in various Precision@K
metrics. In SER, we observe a 3.8% relative accuracy improvement
on the Ravdess dataset.
title: Microstructure-mechanical property relationships for Ni-Ti-Pt high temperature shape memory alloys
Creators: name: Hudish, Grant
name: Kaufman, Michael J.
name: Diercks, David R.
name: Garg, A.
name: Noebe, R. D.
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2007

description: Within the past decade, NASA has been developing high temperature shape memory alloys (HTSMAs) for use as simple, robust, and lightweight solid-state actuators. Shape memory alloys (SMAs) as actuators are considered nonconventional and advanced actuation devices and are capable of providing a power to weight ratio greater than that of DC motors, pneumatic systems, and comparable to that of hydraulic systems, in a much more compact and simplified geometry. Alloys of Ni and Ti in equal amounts are the commercially prevalent SMAs, but are limited to uses near room temperature. Increasing the transformation temperature of traditional SMAs would allow for their use in various industries including aerospace, automotive, and down hole energy exploration, to name a few. Alloying additions of Pd, Pt, Au, Hf and Zr all increase the transformation temperatures of Ni-Ti alloys and at least potentially allow for their use in higher temperature applications. Pt is currently one of the most promising ternary additions for stable and predictable SMAs for use at high temperatures, but little is understood about the effects of Pt on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Ni-Ti alloys. The current research explores the link between alloy microstructures and the mechanical properties of several Ni-Ti-Pt alloys and the subsequent effects these relationships have on the overall performance of Ni-Ti-Pt HTSMAs as solid state actuators.
A simple, picojoule-sensitive ultraviolet autocorrelator based on two-photon conductivity in sapphire
Creators: name: Leedle, Kenneth J.
name: Urbanek, Karel E.
name: Byer, Robert L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple autocorrelator for ultraviolet pulses based on two-photon conductivity in a bench-top fabricatable sapphire sensor. We perform measurements on femtosecond 226 - 278 nm ultraviolet pulses from the third and fourth harmonics of a standard 76 MHz titanium sapphire oscillator and picosecond 266 nm pulses from the fourth harmonic of a 1064 nm 50 MHz neodymium vanadate oscillator. Our device is sensitive to 2.6 pJ ultraviolet pulses with peak powers below 20 W. These results represent the lowest measured autocorrelation peak powers by over one order of magnitude for a system with no reference pulse in the deep ultraviolet ( < 300 nm). The autocorrelator can potentially support UV pulse lengths from 50 fs - 10's of picoseconds.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Pharmacokinetics of intravenous and oral firocoxib in preweaned calves and evaluation of perioperative analgesia following cautery dehorning
Creators: name: Stock, Matthew L.
name: Gehring, Ronette
name: Millman, Suzanne T.
name: Barth, Laura A.
name: Wulf, Larry W.
name: Coetzee, Johann F. (Hans)
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2013

description: The pharmacokinetics of firocoxib after IV and PO administration to preweaned calves and perioperative analgesic effects following cautery dehorning were investigated.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2013