cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Rapid Variability of the accretion disk wind in the narrow line Seyfert 1, PG 1448+273
Creators: name: Reeves, James
name: Braito, Valentina
name: Porquet, Delphine
name: Laurenti, Marco
name: Lobban, Andrew
name: Matzeu, Gabriele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: PG 1448+273 is a luminous, nearby ($z=0.0645$), narrow line Seyfert 1 galaxy, which likely accretes close to the Eddington limit. XMM-Newton observations of PG 1448+273 in 2017 revealed the presence of an ultra fast outflow, as seen through its blueshifted iron K absorption profile, with an outflow velocity of about $0.1c$. Here, the first NuSTAR observation of PG 1448+273, performed in 2022 and coordinated with XMM-Newton is presented, which shows remarkable variability of its ultra fast outflow. The average count rate is a factor of 2 lower during the last 60 ks of the NuSTAR observation, where a much faster component of the ultra fast outflow was detected with a terminal velocity of $0.26\pm0.04c$. This is significantly faster than the outflow component which was initially detected in 2017, when overall PG 1448+273 was observed at a lower X-ray flux and which implies an order of magnitude increase in the wind kinetic power between the 2017 and 2022 epochs. Furthermore, the rapid variability of the ultra fast outflow in 2022, on timescales down to 10 ks, suggests we are viewing through a highly inhomogeneous disk wind in PG 1448+273, where the passage of a denser wind clump could account for the increase in obscuration in the last 60 ks of the NuSTAR observation.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
(103054) James Walter Lascelles
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Taliban's Restrictions on Girls' Education in Afghanistan: Revisiting Global Response, Intervention, and Commitment
Creators: name: Rai, Miss Shailja
name: Ganguly, Dr. Anna Nath
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: The Taliban’s stringent restrictions on girls’ education in Afghanistan have ignited widespread international condemnation, prompting responses from human rights organizations, governments, and global institutions. This research paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the historical trajectory of girls' education in Afghanistan, tracing its progress and setbacks through various political regimes. It explores the Taliban’s ideological rationale for imposing educational bans, examining the intersection of religious interpretations, tribal customs, and political motivations. Furthermore, the study delves into the far-reaching socio-economic and political ramifications of these restrictions, including their impact on Afghanistan’s workforce, economy, diplomatic relations, and societal structures.

In addition, this paper assesses the effectiveness of global interventions, including diplomatic efforts, economic sanctions, and initiatives by international organizations such as the United Nations and the Organization of Islamic Cooperation. It also highlights the role of alternative education models, including underground schools and digital learning platforms, in circumventing restrictions and providing Afghan girls with access to learning opportunities. The research underscores the urgent need for a unified and sustained global strategy—leveraging legal frameworks, regional diplomacy, and grassroots activism—to challenge the Taliban’s oppressive policies and safeguard the fundamental right to education for Afghan girls. By fostering international cooperation and local resilience, the global community can work toward a future where Afghan girls regain their access to quality education and the opportunities it brings.
Geometrical envelopes of fast radio bursts
Creators: name: Voisin, Guillaume
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. Assuming fast radio bursts (FRBs) are produced by matter travelling ultra-relativistically in a localised region of a smooth bundle of streamlines, we study the constraints applied by geometry to the morphology and polarisation of the burst in time and frequency independently of the intrinsic radiative process. Methods. We express the problem only in terms of the local properties of direction and curvature of a streamline. This allows us to cast the general results to any desired geometry. We illustrate by applying this framework to two geometries inspired by pulsar and magnetar magnetospheres, namely the dipolar polar-cap region and a magnetic dipole with an additional toroidal component. Results. Geometry constrains bursts to occur within an envelope in the frequency vs. time plane (dynamic spectrum). This envelope notably characterises spectral occupancy and frequency drifts (both burst-to-burst and within an individual burst). We illustrate how one can simulate bursts by specifying some basic properties of an intrinsic emission process. In particular we show that the typical properties of one-off bursts can be produced in polar-cap geometry by a star with spin period > 1s, while bursts from repeating sources are better accounted for with an additional strong toroidal component and a sub-second spin period. Conclusions. We propose that a relationship between burst morphologies and the properties of the source, such as its spin period and magnetospheric properties, can be established at least qualitatively based on geometrical considerations. Our results favour models where repeaters are younger and faster magnetars with highly twisted magnetospheres.
description: Astronomy and Astrophysics - A&A, In press
Towards programming immune tolerance through geometric manipulation of phosphatidylserine
Creators: name: McKinnon, Karen P.
name: Roberts, Reid A.
name: Ting, Jenny P.
name: DeSimone, Joseph M.
name: Reisdorf, Shannon
name: Short, Patrick J.
name: Eitas, Timothy K.
name: Byrne, James D.
name: Johnson, Brandon M.
name: Luft, J. Christopher
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The possibility of engineering the immune system in a targeted fashion using biomaterials such as nanoparticles has made considerable headway in recent years. However, little is known as to how modulating the spatial presentation of a ligand augments downstream immune responses. In this report we show that geometric manipulation of phosphatidylserine (PS) through fabrication on rod-shaped PLGA nanoparticles robustly dampens inflammatory responses from innate immune cells while promoting T regulatory cell abundance by impeding effector T cell expansion. This response depends on the geometry of PS presentation as both PS liposomes and 1 micron cylindrical PS-PLGA particles are less potent signal inducers than 80 × 320 nm rod-shaped PS-PLGA particles for an equivalent dose of PS. We show that this immune tolerizing effect can be co-opted for therapeutic benefit in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis and an assay of organ rejection using a mixed lymphocyte reaction with primary human immune cells. These data provide evidence that geometric manipulation of a ligand via biomaterials may enable more efficient and tunable programming of cellular signaling networks for therapeutic benefit in a variety of disease states, including autoimmunity and organ rejection, and thus should be an active area of further research.
EMMA: an AMR cosmological simulation code with radiative transfer
Creators: name: Aubert, Dominique
name: Deparis, Nicolas
name: Ocvirk, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: EMMA is a cosmological simulation code aimed at investigating the reionization epoch. It handles simultaneously collisionless and gas dynamics, as well as radiative transfer physics using a moment-based description with the M1 approximation. Field quantities are stored and computed on an adaptive 3D mesh and the spatial resolution can be dynamically modified based on physically-motivated criteria. Physical processes can be coupled at all spatial and temporal scales. We also introduce a new and optional approximation to handle radiation : the light is transported at the resolution of the non-refined grid and only once the dynamics have been fully updated, whereas thermo-chemical processes are still tracked on the refined elements. Such an approximation reduces the overheads induced by the treatment of radiation physics. A suite of standard tests are presented and passed by EMMA, providing a validation for its future use in studies of the reionization epoch. The code is parallel and is able to use graphics processing units (GPUs) to accelerate hydrodynamics and radiative transfer calculations. Depending on the optimizations and the compilers used to generate the CPU reference, global GPU acceleration factors between x3.9 and x16.9 can be obtained. Vectorization and transfer operations currently prevent better GPU performances and we expect that future optimizations and hardware evolution will lead to greater accelerations.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 28 pages, 27 figures
Learning Landmarks Motion from Speech for Speaker-Agnostic 3D Talking Heads Generation
Creators: name: Nocentini, Federico
name: Ferrari, Claudio
name: Berretti, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a novel approach for generating 3D talking heads from raw audio inputs. Our method grounds on the idea that speech related movements can be comprehensively and efficiently described by the motion of a few control points located on the movable parts of the face, i.e., landmarks. The underlying musculoskeletal structure then allows us to learn how their motion influences the geometrical deformations of the whole face. The proposed method employs two distinct models to this aim: the first one learns to generate the motion of a sparse set of landmarks from the given audio. The second model expands such landmarks motion to a dense motion field, which is utilized to animate a given 3D mesh in neutral state. Additionally, we introduce a novel loss function, named Cosine Loss, which minimizes the angle between the generated motion vectors and the ground truth ones. Using landmarks in 3D talking head generation offers various advantages such as consistency, reliability, and obviating the need for manual-annotation. Our approach is designed to be identity-agnostic, enabling high-quality facial animations for any users without additional data or training.
(103053) Cecil Henry Lascelles
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Pressure-Induced Superconductivity and Its Scaling with Doping-Induced Superconductivity in the Iron Pnictide with Skutterudite Intermediary Layers
Creators: name: Gao, Peiwen
name: Sun, Liling
name: Ni, Ni
name: Guo, Jing
name: Wu, Qi
name: Zhang, Chao
name: Gu, Dachun
name: Yang, Ke
name: Jiang, Sheng
name: Cava, Robert Joseph
name: Zhao, Zhongxian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Ca10(PtnAs8)(Fe2As2)5 (n=3,4) compounds are a new type of iron pnictide superconductors whose structures consist of stacking Ca-PtnAs8-Ca-Fe2As2 layers in a unit cell. When n=3 (the 10-3-8 phase), the undoped compound is an antiferromagnetic (AFM) semiconductor, while, when n=4 (the 10-4-8 phase), the undoped compound is a superconductor with the transition temperature of 26K. Here we report the results of high-pressure studies on the 10-3-8 compound obtained through a combination of in-situ resistance, magnetic susceptibility, and Hall coefficient measurements. We find that its AFM order can be suppressed completely at 3.5 GPa and then superconducting state appears in the pressure range of 3.5-7 GPa. The pressure dependence of superconducting transition temperature displays a dome-like shape.
description: 25 pages, 5 figures
(103050) Ellen Pember
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(103049) William Reeves
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Nitric oxide flux-dependent bacterial adhesion and viability at fibrinogen-coated surfaces
Creators: name: Schoenfisch, Mark H.
name: Nichols, Scott P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Nitric oxide (NO) is an endogenous antibacterial agent produced by immune cells in response to pathogens. Herein, the NO fluxes necessary to reduce bacterial adhesion of different bacteria (S. aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus, S. epidermidis, E. faecalis, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa) were investigated to ascertain the sensitivity of these bacteria to NO. S-nitrosothiol NO donor-modified xerogels were selected as a model NO-release surface due to their extended NO-release kinetics relative to other NO donor systems. The xerogels were coated with poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) to achieve consistent surface energy between NO-releasing and control substrates. Fibrinogen was pre-adsorbed to these materials to more accurately mimic conditions encountered in blood and promote bacteria adhesion. Nitric oxide fluxes ranging from 20–50 pmol cm−2 s−1 universally inhibited the bacterial adhesion by >80% for each strain studied. Maximum bacteria killing activity (reduced viability by 85–98%) was observed at the greatest NO payload (1700 nmol cm−2).
(103048) William Pember Reeves
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
O2-Protected diazeniumdiolate-modified silica nanoparticles for extended nitric oxide release from dental composites
Creators: name: Reighard, Katelyn P.
name: Carpenter, Alexis W.
name: Schoenfisch, Mark H.
name: Saavedra, Joseph E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: O2-protected N-diazeniumdiolate-based silanes were grafted onto mesoporous silica nanoparticles to yield a scaffold with an NO payload of 2.4 μmol NO/mg and NO release half-life of 23 d. Reduced (3-log) Streptococcus mutans viable adhesion was observed for NO-releasing dental restorative materials modified with these particles relative to controls.
Diet, Microbiome, and the Intestinal Epithelium: An Essential Triumvirate?
Creators: name: Conlin, Victoria Susan
name: Guzman, Javier Rivera
name: Jobin, Christian
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The intestinal epithelium represents a critical barrier protecting the host against diverse luminal noxious agents, as well as preventing the uncontrolled uptake of bacteria that could activate an immune response in a susceptible host. The epithelial monolayer that constitutes this barrier is regulated by a meshwork of proteins that orchestrate complex biological function such as permeability, transepithelial electrical resistance, and movement of various macromolecules. Because of its key role in maintaining host homeostasis, factors regulating barrier function have attracted sustained attention from the research community. This paper will address the role of bacteria, bacterial-derived metabolism, and the interplay of dietary factors in controlling intestinal barrier function.
Coherent backscattering reveals the Anderson transition
Creators: name: Ghosh, Sanjib
name: Delande, Dominique
name: Miniatura, Christian
name: Cherroret, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop an accurate finite-time scaling analysis of the angular width of the coherent backscattering (CBS) peak for waves propagating in 3D random media. Applying this method to ultracold atoms in optical speckle potentials, we show how to determine both the mobility edge and the critical exponent of the Anderson transition from the temporal behavior of the CBS width. Our method could be used in experiments to fully characterize the 3D Anderson transition.
description: Published version
Pre-Analysis Plan: Is Psychology Research Consistent with Random Effects?
Creators: name: Stanley, T
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: We are developing new meta-regression methods to test whether heterogeneity is correlated with standard errors within a meta-analysis. Thus we register the use of the 53 experimental psychology meta-analyses reported by Stanley et al. (2018) that are measured in terms standardized mean differences. After our new meta-regression is estimated on these 53 meta-analyses, we will combine their results into a random-effects meta-meta-analysis. Stanley, T.D., Doucouliagos H., Ioannidis, J.P.A., and Carter, E. (2021a). Detecting publication selection bias through excess statistical significance. Research Synthesis Methods, 12: 776-795. https://doi.org/10.1002/jrsm.1512 .
(103047) Samuel Begg
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Spatiotemporal spin fluctuations caused by spin-orbit-coupled Brownian motion
Creators: name: Poshakinskiy, A. V.
name: Tarasenko, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a theory of thermal fluctuations of spin density emerging in a two-dimensional electron gas. The spin fluctuations probed at spatially separated spots of the sample are correlated due to Brownian motion of electrons and spin-obit coupling. We calculate the spatiotemporal correlation functions of the spin density for both ballistic and diffusive transport of electrons and analyze them for different types of spin-orbit interaction including the isotropic Rashba model and persistent spin helix regime. The measurement of spatial spin fluctuations provides direct access to the parameters of spin-orbit coupling and spin transport in conditions close to the thermal equilibrium.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Graded hypoellipticity of BGG sequences
Creators: name: Dave, Shantanu
name: Haller, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58J40 (primary), 58A30, 58A14, 58J10 (secondary)

description: This article studies hypoellipticity on general filtered manifolds. We extend the Rockland criterion to a pseudodifferential calculus on filtered manifolds, construct a parametrix and describe its precise analytic structure. We use this result to study Rockland sequences, a notion generalizing elliptic sequences to filtered manifolds. The main application that we present is to the analysis of the Bernstein--Gelfand--Gelfand (BGG) sequences over regular parabolic geometries. We do this by generalizing the BGG machinery to more general filtered manifolds (in a non-canonical way) and show that the generalized BGG sequences are Rockland in a graded sense.
description: This version of the article has been accepted for publication, after peer review but is not the Version of Record and does not reflect post-acceptance improvements, or any corrections. The Version of Record is available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10455-022-09870-0
Biochemical Markers of Spontaneous Preterm Birth in Asymptomatic Women
Creators: name: Chan, Ronna L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Preterm birth is a delivery that occurs at less than 37 completed weeks of gestation and it is associated with perinatal morbidity and mortality. Spontaneous preterm birth accounts for up to 75% of all preterm births. A number of maternal or fetal characteristics have been associated with preterm birth, but the use of individual or group biochemical markers have advanced some of the understanding on the mechanisms leading to spontaneous preterm birth. This paper provides a summary on the current literature on the use of biochemical markers in predicting spontaneous preterm birth in asymptomatic women. Evidence from the literature suggests fetal fibronectin, cervical interleukin-6, and -fetoprotein as promising biochemical markers in predicting spontaneous preterm birth in asymptomatic women. The role of gene-gene and gene-environment interactions, as well as epigenetics, has the potential to further elucidate and improve understanding of the underlying mechanisms or pathways of spontaneous preterm birth. Refinement in study design and methodology is needed in future research for the development and validation of individual or group biochemical marker(s) for use independently or in conjunction with other potential risk factors such as genetic variants and environmental and behavioral factors in predicting spontaneous preterm birth across diverse populations.
Lensing reconstruction from the cosmic microwave background polarization with machine learning
Creators: name: Yan, Ye-Peng
name: Wang, Guo-Jian
name: Li, Si-Yu
name: Yan, Yang-Jie
name: Xia, Jun-Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The lensing effect of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) is a powerful tool for our study of the distribution of matter in the universe. Currently, the quadratic estimator (EQ) method, which is widely used to reconstruct lensing potential, has been known to be sub-optimal for the low-noise levels polarization data from next-generation CMB experiments. To improve the performance of the reconstruction, other methods, such as the maximum likelihood estimator and machine learning algorithms are developed. In this work, we present a deep convolutional neural network model named the Residual Dense Local Feature U-net (RDLFUnet) for reconstructing the CMB lensing convergence field. By simulating lensed CMB data with different noise levels to train and test network models, we find that for noise levels less than $5μ$K-arcmin, RDLFUnet can recover the input gravitational potential with a higher signal-to-noise ratio than the previous deep learning and the traditional QE methods at almost the entire observation scales.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, accepted by ApJ
A bound for the shortest reset words for semisimple synchronizing automata via the packing number
Creators: name: Rodaro, Emanuele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that if a semisimple synchronizing automaton with $n$ states has a minimal reachable non-unary subset of cardinality $r\ge 2$, then there is a reset word of length at most $(n-1)D(2,r,n)$, where $D(2,r,n)$ is the $2$-packing number for families of $r$-subsets of $[1,n]$.
Characterization of Genipin-Modified Dentin Collagen
Creators: name: Nagaoka, Hiroko
name: Ritter, André V.
name: Boushell, Lee W.
name: Burton, Andrew
name: Walter, Ricardo
name: Yamauchi, Mitsuo
name: Nagaoka, Hideaki
name: Miguez, Patricia A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Application of biomodification techniques to dentin can improve its biochemical and biomechanical properties. Several collagen cross-linking agents have been reported to strengthen the mechanical properties of dentin. However, the characteristics of collagen that has undergone agent-induced biomodification are not well understood. The objective of this study was to analyze the effects of a natural cross-linking agent, genipin (GE), on dentin discoloration, collagen stability, and changes in amino acid composition and lysyl oxidase mediated natural collagen cross-links. Dentin collagen obtained from extracted bovine teeth was treated with three different concentrations of GE (0.01%, 0.1%, and 0.5%) for several treatment times (0–24 h). Changes in biochemical properties of NaB3H4-reduced collagen were characterized by amino acid and cross-link analyses. The treatment of dentin collagen with GE resulted in a concentration- and time-dependent pigmentation and stability against bacterial collagenase. The lysyl oxidase-mediated trivalent mature cross-link, pyridinoline, showed no difference among all groups while the major divalent immature cross-link, dehydro-dihydroxylysinonorleucine/its ketoamine in collagen treated with 0.5% GE for 24 h, significantly decreased compared to control (). The newly formed GE-induced cross-links most likely involve lysine and hydroxylysine residues of collagen in a concentration-dependent manner. Some of these cross-links appear to be reducible and stabilized with NaB3H4.
Inaccuracies and biases of the Gaussian size deconvolution for extracted sources and filaments
Creators: name: Men'shchikov, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple Gaussian size deconvolution method is routinely used to remove the blur of observed images caused by insufficient angular resolutions of existing telescopes, thereby to estimate the physical sizes of extracted sources and filaments. The size deconvolution method is expected to work when the structures, as well as the telescope beams, have Gaussian shapes. This study employed model images of the spherical and cylindrical objects with Gaussian and power-law shapes, representing the dense cores and filaments. The images are convolved to a wide range of angular resolutions to probe various degrees of resolvedness of the models. Simplified flat, convex, and concave backgrounds were added to the images, then planar backgrounds across the footprints of the structures are subtracted and sizes were measured and deconvolved. When background subtraction is inaccurate, the structures acquire profoundly non-Gaussian profiles. The deconvolved half maximum sizes can be strongly under- or overestimated, by factors of up to ~20 when the structures are unresolved or partially resolved. For resolved structures, the errors are within a factor of ~2; although some power-law models show the factors of up to ~6. The size deconvolution method cannot be applied to unresolved structures, it can only be used for the Gaussian-like structures, including the critical Bonnor-Ebert spheres, when they are at least partially resolved. The method must be considered inapplicable for the power-law structures with shallow profiles. This work also reveals subtle properties of convolution for different geometries. When convolved with different kernels, spherical objects and cylindrical filaments with identical profiles obtain different widths and shapes. A filament, imaged by the telescope with a non-Gaussian PSF, could appear substantially shallower than the structure is in reality, even when it is resolved.
description: 20 pages, 17 figures, 5 tables, accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysics, final language-edited version
Design and Synthesis of a Novel Cationic Peptide with Potent and Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Activity
Creators: name: Liu, Wen Ping
name: Ming, Xin
name: Kong, Yi
name: Chen, Ya Hui
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Antibacterial and antifungal peptides have increasingly been used to combat the antibiotic-resistant microbes in recent years. KW-13, a novel cationic α-helical antibacterial peptide consisting of 13 amino acid residues, was designed and chemically synthesized. The peptide has a net charge of
Direct Cardiac Reprogramming: Advances in Cardiac Regeneration
Creators: name: Qian, Li
name: Chen, Olivia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Heart disease is one of the lead causes of death worldwide. Many forms of heart disease, including myocardial infarction and pressure-loading cardiomyopathies, result in irreversible cardiomyocyte death. Activated fibroblasts respond to cardiac injury by forming scar tissue, but ultimately this response fails to restore cardiac function. Unfortunately, the human heart has little regenerative ability and long-term outcomes following acute coronary events often include chronic and end-stage heart failure. Building upon years of research aimed at restoring functional cardiomyocytes, recent advances have been made in the direct reprogramming of fibroblasts toward a cardiomyocyte cell fate both in vitro and in vivo. Several experiments show functional improvements in mouse models of myocardial infarction following in situ generation of cardiomyocyte-like cells from endogenous fibroblasts. Though many of these studies are in an early stage, this nascent technology holds promise for future applications in regenerative medicine. In this review, we discuss the history, progress, methods, challenges, and future directions of direct cardiac reprogramming.
(103046) Agnes Rose Begg
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Temporal Trends and Predictors of Modern Contraceptive Use in Lusaka, Zambia, 2004–2011
Creators: name: Chibwesha, Carla J.
name: Kasaro, Margaret Phiri
name: Hancock, Nancy L.
name: Rathod, Sujit D.
name: Chi, Benjamin H.
name: Stringer, Elizabeth M.
name: Vwalika, Bellington
name: Stringer, Jeffrey S.A.
name: Stoner, Marie C.D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Introduction. Although increasing access to family planning has been an important part of the global development agenda, millions of women continue to face unmet need for contraception. Materials and Methods. We analyzed data from a repeated cross-sectional community survey conducted in Lusaka, Zambia, over an eight-year period. We described prevalence of modern contraceptive use, including long-acting reversible contraception (LARC), among female heads of household aged 16–50 years. We also identified predictors of LARC versus short-term contraceptive use among women using modern methods. Results and Discussion. Twelve survey rounds were completed between November 2004 and September 2011. Among 29,476 eligible respondents, 17,605 (60%) reported using modern contraception. Oral contraceptive pills remained the most popular method over time, but use of LARC increased significantly, from less than 1% in 2004 to 9% by 2011 (). Younger women (OR: 0.46, 95% CI: 0.34, 0.61) and women with lower levels of education (OR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.56, 0.89) were less likely to report LARC use compared to women using short-term modern methods. Conclusions. Population-based assessments of contraceptive use over time can guide programs and policies. To achieve reproductive health equity and reduce unmet contraceptive need, future efforts to increase LARC use should focus on young women and those with less education.
Seminorms for multiple averages along polynomials and applications to joint ergodicity
Creators: name: Donoso, Sebastián
name: Koutsogiannis, Andreas
name: Sun, Wenbo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 37A05, Secondary: 37A30, 28A99

description: Exploiting the recent work of Tao and Ziegler on a concatenation theorem on factors, we find explicit characteristic factors for multiple averages along polynomials on systems with commuting transformations, and use them to study criteria of joint ergodicity for sequences of the form $(T^{p_{1,j}(n)}_{1}\cdot\ldots\cdot T^{p_{d,j}(n)}_{d})_{n\in\mathbb{Z}},$ $1\leq j\leq k$, where $T_{1},\dots,T_{d}$ are commuting measure preserving transformations on a probability measure space and $p_{i,j}$ are integer polynomials. To be more precise, we provide a sufficient condition for such sequences to be jointly ergodic, giving also a characterization for sequences of the form $(T^{p(n)}_{i})_{n\in\mathbb{Z}}, 1\leq i\leq d$ to be jointly ergodic, answering a question due to Bergelson.
description: Some changes have been made correcting minor issues
Competition between quantum spin tunneling and Kondo effect
Creators: name: Jacob, D.
name: Fernández-Rossier, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum spin tunneling (QST) and Kondo effect are two very different quantum phenomena that produce the same effect on quantized spins, namely, the quenching of their magnetization. However, the nature of this quenching is very different so that QST and Kondo effects compete with each other. Importantly, both QST and Kondo produce very characteristic features in the spectral function that can be measured by means of single spin scanning tunneling spectroscopy that makes it possible to probe the crossover from one regime to the other. We model this crossover, and the resulting changes in transport, using a non-perturbative treatment of a generalized Anderson model including magnetic anisotropy that leads to quantum spin tunneling. We predict that, at zero magnetic field, integer spins can feature a split-Kondo peak driven by quantum spin tunneling.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures; accepted in EPJB; replaced with revised manuscript
Projective limits techniques for the infinite dimensional moment problem
Creators: name: Infusino, Maria
name: Kuhlmann, Salma
name: Kuna, Tobias
name: Michalski, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 44A60, 46M40, 28C20 (primary) 13J30, 14P99, 28C15, 46T12 (secondary)

description: We deal with the following general version of the classical moment problem: when can a linear functional on a unital commutative real algebra $A$ be represented as an integral with respect to a Radon measure on the character space $X(A)$ of $A$ equipped with the Borel $σ-$algebra generated by the weak topology? We approach this problem by constructing $X(A)$ as a projective limit of the character spaces of all finitely generated unital subalgebras of $A$. Using some fundamental results for measures on projective limits of measurable spaces, we determine a criterion for the existence of an integral representation of a linear functional on $A$ with respect to a measure on the cylinder $σ-$algebra on $X(A)$ (resp. a Radon measure on the Borel $σ-$algebra on $X(A)$) provided that for any finitely generated unital subalgebra of $A$ the corresponding moment problem is solvable. We also investigate how to localize the support of representing measures for linear functionals on $A$. These results allow us to establish infinite dimensional analogues of the classical Riesz-Haviland and Nussbaum theorems as well as a representation theorem for linear functionals non-negative on a "partially Archimedean" quadratic module of $A$. Our results in particular apply to the case when $A$ is the algebra of polynomials in infinitely many variables or the symmetric tensor algebra of a real infinite dimensional vector space, providing a unified setting which enables comparisons between some recent results for these instances of the moment problem.
description: 35 pages, 3 figures
Optimal Design of Experiments on Riemannian Manifolds
Creators: name: Li, Hang
name: Del Castillo, Enrique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The theory of optimal design of experiments has been traditionally developed on an Euclidean space. In this paper, new theoretical results and an algorithm for finding the optimal design of an experiment located on a Riemannian manifold are provided. It is shown that analogously to the results in Euclidean spaces, D-optimal and G-optimal designs are equivalent on manifolds, and we provide a lower bound for the maximum prediction variance of the response evaluated over the manifold. In addition, a converging algorithm that finds the optimal experimental design on manifold data is proposed. Numerical experiments demonstrate the importance of considering the manifold structure in a designed experiment when present, and the superiority of the proposed algorithm.
Pomset logic: the other approach to non commutativity in logic
Creators: name: Retoré, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: F.4.1
subject: 03F52, 03B47

description: Thirty years ago, I introduced a non-commutative variant of classical linear logic, called "pomset logic", issued from a particular categorical interpretation of linear logic known as coherence spaces. In addition to the usual commutative multiplicative connectives of linear logic, pomset logic includes a non-commutative connective, "$\triangleleft$" called "before", associative and self-dual: $(A\triangleleft B)^\perp=A^\perp \triangleleft B^\perp$. The conclusion of a pomset logic proof is a Partially Ordered MultiSET of formulas. Pomset logic enjoys a proof net calculus with cut-elimination, denotational semantics, and faithfully embeds sequent calculus. The study of pomset logic has reopened with recent results on handsome proof nets, on its sequent calculus, or on its following calculi like deep inference by Guglielmi and Strassburger. Therefore, it is high time we published a thorough presentation of pomset logic, including published and unpublished material, old and new results. Pomset logic (1993) is a non-commutative variant of linear logic (1987) as for Lambek calculus (1958!) and it can also be used as a grammatical formalism. Those two calculi are quite different, but we hope that the algebraic presentation we give here, with formulas as algebraic terms and with a semantic notion of proof (net) correctness, better matches Lambek's view of what a logic should be.
Simulations and experimental results on beam-beam effects in SuperKEKB
Creators: name: Zhou, Demin
name: Ohmi, Kazuhito
name: Funakoshi, Yoshihiro
name: Ohnishi, Yukiyoshi
name: Zhang, Yuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The beam-beam interaction is one of the most critical factors determining the luminosity performance of colliders. As a circular collider utilizing the crab-waist scheme, multiple factors, such as beam-beam, crab waist, impedances, etc., interact to determine the luminosity of SuperKEKB. The interplay of these factors makes it challenging to predict luminosity via simulations. This paper presents recent advances in understanding the luminosity performance of SuperKEKB from beam-beam simulations and experiments. The key aspects affecting the luminosity of SuperKEKB, as well as the areas where further research is needed, are highlighted.
description: 16 pages, 19 figures
title: Περί χώρων απόρριψης και αστικά οξύμωρα: Αρχιτεκτονικές παρεμβάσεις για πολιτιστικές και ερευνητικές χρήσεις στα πρώην λατομεία και ασβεστοποιία Κορυδαλλού
title: Leftover spaces and urban paradoxes: Architectural interventions for cultural and research purposes in the former quarries of Korydallos
Creators: name: Τσιορολης Γεωργιος
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2023

description: Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία εστιάζει στην ανάδειξη των πρώην Λατομείων και Ασβεστοποιίων Κορυδαλλού που βρίσκονται στο βόρειο άκρο του Δήμου Κορυδαλλού και της Περιφέρειας Πειραιά. Προϋπόθεση αποτελεί η απομάκρυνση όλων των βιομηχανικών εγκαταστάσεων που παραμένουν ακόμη στα λατομεία, καθώς συνεχίζουν να υποβαθμίζουν την οικιστική περιοχή. Η μελέτη παράλληλα στοχεύει στην ανάδειξη της αίσθησης του κατακερματισμένου τοπίου, με σκοπό την ενίσχυση της σχέσης του θεατή με τη μνήμη από τα ίχνη και τη μορφή που απέκτησε το τοπίο στην πάροδο του χρόνου. Ταυτόχρονα, προτείνεται η ένταξη πολιτιστικών και ερευνητικών χρήσεων ως προς την ανάπτυξη της κοινωνικά περίπλοκης σχέσης της περιοχής με την υπόλοιπη αθηναϊκή μητρόπολη. Συγκεκριμένα, επιλέγονται χρήσεις που συνδέονται με σύγχρονα εργαστήρια τμημάτων του Πανεπιστημίου Δυτικής Αττικής, όπως επίσης πολιτιστικά κτήρια, πάρκα και αθλητικές εγκαταστάσεις για τους φοιτητές και την τοπική κοινότητα. Αφαίρεση, σχεδιασμός, φύτευση και οικειοποίηση, αποτελούν το περιεχόμενο ανάπτυξης του συγκεκριμένου τοπίου, καθώς θεωρείται αδύνατη η πρόσβαση μέχρι στιγμής στον χώρο.
Well-posedness and Stability of Linear Port-Hamiltonian Systems with Nonlinear Boundary Feedback
Creators: name: Augner, Björn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 93D15, 93D25 (Primary) 35L02, 47H20 (Secondary)

description: Boundary feedback stabilisation of linear port-Hamiltonian systems on an interval is considered. Generation and stability results already known for linear feedback are extended to nonlinear dissipative feedback, both to static feedback control and dynamic control via an (exponentially stabilising) nonlinear controller. A design method for nonlinear controllers of linear port-Hamiltonian systems is introduced. As a special case the Euler-Bernoulli beam is considered.
description: 28 pages, submitted to SIAM J. Control Optim Update: corrected version, 29 pages