cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Decoherence and dephasing in strongly driven colliding Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Katz, N.
name: Ozeri, R.
name: Rowen, E.
name: Gershnabel, E.
name: Davidson, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a series of measurements of decoherence and wavepacket dephasing between two colliding, strongly coupled, identical Bose-Einstein condensates. We measure, in the strong excitation regime, a suppression of the mean-field shift, compared to the shift which is observed for a weak excitation. This suppression is explained by applying the Gross-Pitaevskii energy functional. By selectively counting only the non-decohered fraction in a time of flight image we observe oscillations for which both inhomogeneous and Doppler broadening are suppressed, in quantitative agreement with a full Gross-Pitaevskii equation simulation. If no post selection is used, the decoherence rate due to collisions can be extracted, and is in agreement with the local density average calculated rate.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Vocal wow in an adapted reflex resonance model
Creators: name: Brajot, François-Xavier
name: Neiman, Alexander B
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Vocal wow is a slow 0.2 - 3 Hz modulation of the voice that may be distinguished from the 4 - 7 Hz modulation of tremor or vibrato. We use a simple model of laryngeal muscle activation, mediated by time-delayed auditory feedback, to show that wow may arise due to Andronov-Hopf bifurcation. The model demonstrates a differential effect of feedback gain and delay on modulation depth and frequency, respectively. Parametric formulas for recovering feedback parameters from the acoustic signal are presented. Interactions between reflex and auditory parameters are also assessed in a full model that includes a neuromuscular reflex loop. Model predictions are tested in two subjects
description: 12 pages, 14 figures
Effect of midwifery staffing on the occurrence of spontaneous vaginal birth and use of pain medication – a target trial emulation protocol
Creators: name: Eggenschwiler, Luisa
name: Moffa, Giusi
name: Smith, Valerie
name: Simon, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Workforce
subject: Midwifery Staffing
subject: Target Trial Emulation
subject: Anesthesia, Epidural
subject: Parturition
subject: Midwifery

description: This is a target trial emulation protocol:

Abstract:

Studies have suggested that midwifery staffing is associated with the proportion of spontaneous vaginal births. Due to organisational and ethical considerations, however, randomised controlled trials are not possible to establish a causal link. The objective is to investigate the causal effect of midwifery staffing levels on the prevalence of physiological vaginal births and pain medication use.

The causal question of this target trial is to determine the effect of receiving continuous one-to-one midwifery care during labour and birth on the proportion of spontaneous vaginal births compared to receiving one-to-one midwifery care partially during labour and birth. The target trial is emulated with routine hospital data from one tertiary hospital from 01 January 2019 to 31 December 2022. The exposure, midwifery staffing, is defined as receiving one-to-one care during active labour and birth either for 100% or for less than 100% of the time. The eligibility criteria are assessed at admission to the labour ward. Women with a planned caesarean section, breech birth, multiple pregnancy and stillbirth will be excluded. All remaining women who enter active labour are eligible for inclusion. Women assigned to each staffing exposure are assumed to be comparable conditional on certain baseline covariates. We consider hypertensive disorders, diabetes, gestational age, parity, maternal age, country of birth, and labour induction as confounding variables. We use g-methods to adjust for confounding and derive the total effect. Specifically, we consider both marginal structural models fitted by means of inverse probability weighting and the g-formula so that we can assess robustness with respect to different misspecifications. Ethical approval to access the routine hospital data has been granted by the local ethics committee [2024-00300].
Polyakov linear-sigma model in mean-field approximation and optimized perturbation theory
Creators: name: Tawfik, Abdel Nasser
name: Greiner, Carsten
name: Diab, Abdel Magied
name: Ghoneim, M. T.
name: Anwer, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare results from the Polyakov linear-sigma model (PLSM) in optimized perturbation theory (OPT) with the mean-field approximation (MFA). At finite temperatures and chemical potentials, the chiral condensates and the decofinement order parameters, the thermodynamic pressure, the pseudo-critical temperatures, the subtracted condensates, the second- and high-order moments of various conserved charges (cumulants) obtained in MFA are compared with OPT and also confronted to available lattice QCD simulations. We conclude that when moving from lower- to higher-order moments of various quantum charges, OPT becomes more closer to QCD.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, 1 table, submitted to PRC
The 590 days long term periodicity of the microquasar GRS 1915+105
Creators: name: Rau, A.
name: Greiner, J.
name: McCollough, M. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the discovery of a 590 days long term periodicity in the hard X-ray component of the microquasar \grs found from a comprehensive study of more than four years of {\it RXTE} observations. The periodicity is also observed in the hard X-ray flux observed by BATSE, and in the radio flux as seen with the {\it Green Bank Interferometer} and the {\it Ryle Telescope}. We discuss various possible explanations, including the precession of a radiation induced warped accretion disk.
description: 6 pages, 4 figuers, accepted for publication as ApJ Letter
Insights of mechanism and kinetics of acrylonitrile aqueous precipitation polymerization
Creators: name: Yan, Huijie
name: Jiao, Yuhang
name: Jin, Bingrui
name: Zhang, Huixuan
name: Fu, Zhongyu
name: Jia, Shiling
name: Deng, Yunjiao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Aqueous precipitation polymerization is commonly used in the industry due to its efficient heat dissipation, reaction stability and production flexibility. However, its mechanisms and kinetics are still partially unclear. The ammonium persulfate-ammonium sulfite monohydrate (APS-AS) initiated aqueous phase precipitation polymerization of acrylonitrile (AN) at low concentration was deeply investigated, with the APS initiation system as a control. The apparent kinetic equations for the APS and APS-AS initiation systems were determined to be Rp= K[AN]1.706[(NH4)2S2O8]0.704 and Rp= K[AN]3[(NH4)2S2O8]0.704[(NH4)2S2O3]−1.055, respectively. Monitoring AN distribution in the aqueous and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) phases revealed a rapid transition of the reaction site from the aqueous phase to the PAN phase following polymer precipitation. Zeta potential and primary particle number exposed that the nucleation site disparities between initiation systems led to different predominant factors affecting the polymerization rate. The change in molecular weight during polymerization had a maximum due to its dependence on the monomer concentration. The crystallinity of the product initially increased during polymerization, then decreased and eventually stabilized. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the diameter of the internal particles was larger, while the surface particles were smaller after coagulation. These findings offer crucial insights for optimizing aqueous precipitation polymerization and PAN particle property control.
Static limit and Penrose effect in rotating reference frames
Creators: name: Grib, A. A.
name: Pavlov, Yu. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that effects similar to those for a rotating black hole arise for an observer using a uniformly rotating reference frame in a flat space-time: a surface appears such that no body can be stationary beyond this surface, while the particle energy can be either zero or negative. Beyond this surface, which is similar to the static limit for a rotating black hole, an effect similar to the Penrose effect is possible. We consider the example where one of the fragments of a particle that has decayed into two particles beyond the static limit flies into the rotating reference frame inside the static limit and has an energy greater than the original particle energy. We obtain constraints on the relative velocity of the decay products during the Penrose process in the rotating reference frame. We consider the problem of defining energy in a noninertial reference frame. For a uniformly rotating reference frame, we consider the states of particles with minimum energy and show the relation of this quantity to the radiation frequency shift of the rotating body due to the transverse Doppler effect.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures
Precursor Wave Amplification by Ion-Electron Coupling through Wakefield in Relativistic Shocks
Creators: name: Iwamoto, Masanori
name: Amano, Takanobu
name: Hoshino, Masahiro
name: Matsumoto, Yosuke
name: Niemiec, Jacek
name: Ligorini, Arianna
name: Kobzar, Oleh
name: Pohl, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated electromagnetic precursor wave emission in relativistic shocks by using two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations. We found that the wave amplitude is significantly enhanced by a positive feedback process associated with ion-electron coupling through the wakefields for high magnetization. The wakefields collapse during the nonlinear process of the parametric decay instability in the near-upstream region, where nonthermal electrons and ions are generated. The intense coherent emission and the particle acceleration may opperate in high-energy astrophysical objects.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, accepted to ApJL
The emergence of one-dimensional channels in marginal-angle twisted bilayer graphene
Creators: name: Walet, Niels R.
name: Guinea, Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize the continuum model for Moiré structures made from twisted graphene layers, in order to include lattice relaxation and the formation of channels at very small (marginal) twist angles. We show that a precise description of the electronic structure at such small angles can be achieved by i) calculating first the relaxed atomic structure, ii) projecting the interlayer electronic hopping parameters using a suitable basis of Bloch states, and iii) increasing the number of harmonics in the continuum approximation to interlayer hopping. The results show a complex structure of quasi one dimensional states when a finite bias is applied.
MOESM5 of Frequency and distribution of neglected tropical diseases in Mozambique: a systematic review
Creators: name: Grau-Pujol, Berta
name: Marilia Massangaie
name: Cano, Jorge
name: Maroto, Carmen
name: Ndeve, Alcino
name: Saute, Francisco
name: MuÃ±Oz, Jose
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5. List of manuscripts included in Fig. 3
Aromatic (co)polycarbonates bearing pendant 2,3-dimethylmaleimido group based upon a new phthalimidine-containing “cardo” bisphenol
Creators: name: Talanikar, Aniket A.
name: Nagane, Samadhan S.
name: Wadgaonkar, Prakash P.
name: Rashinkar, Gajanan S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Virology

description: A new “cardo” bisphenol viz., 1-(2-(1,1-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-oxoisoindolin-2-yl)ethyl)-3,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione (PPH-MA) was synthesized in a two-step reaction sequence starting from phenolphthalein. PPH-MA was utilized as a step-growth monomer for the synthesis of a homo- and fourco-polycarbonates bearing pendant 2,3-dimethylmaleimido groups (PC-MAs) via solution polycondensation of PPH-MA or various mol % compositions of PPH-MA and bisphenol-A, respectively, with triphosgene.1H NMR spectroscopy confirmed the chemical structure and composition of PC-MAs. Inherent viscosity and number average molecular weight values of PC-MAs were in the range 0.45–0.64 dL g−1 and 18,300 − 36,200 g mol−1, respectively, indicating the formation of polymers of medium to reasonably high molecular weights. Tough, transparent and flexible films of PC-MAs could be cast from chloroform solution. X-ray diffraction studies indicated the amorphous nature of PC-MAs. The 10% weight loss temperature (T10) values of PC-MAs were in the range 373–443 °C indicating their good thermal stability.
Extension of the one-dimensional Stoney algorithm to a two-dimensional case
Creators: name: Gniazdowski, Zenon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This article presents the extension of the one-dimensional Stoney algorithm to a two-dimensional case. The proposed extension consists in modifying the method of curvature estimation. The surface profile of the wafer before deposition of the thin film and after its deposition was locally approximated by the quadric. From this quadric, a quadratic form and the first degree surface were separated. An eigenproblem was solved for the matrix of this quadratic form. From eigenvectors a new coordinate system was created in which a new formula of the quadric was found. In this new coordinate system, the two-dimensional problem of estimating the curvature tensor has been solved by solving two independent one-dimensional problems of curvature estimation. Returning to the primary coordinate system, in this primary coordinate system, a solution to the two-dimensional problem was obtained. The article proposed five versions of the two-dimensional Stoney algorithm, with diverse complexity and accuracy. The recommendation for the version of the algorithm that could be practically used was also presented.
description: 26 pages, 5 figures
Effect of γ-irradiation and antimicrobial agent on properties of poly(L-lactide) active films
Creators: name: Fedorenko, Alexandra A.
name: Grinyuk, Evgeny V.
name: Salnikova, Iryna A.
name: Emeliyanova, Olga A.
name: Dudchik, Natallia V.
name: Sychik, Sergej I.
name: Tychinskaya, Lyudmila Yu.
name: Skakovsky, Evgeny D.
name: Liubimau, Aliaksandr G.
name: Kostjuk, Sergei V.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Medicine
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Virology

description: Data on irradiation of poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) based active packaging is still limited. Therefore, effect of γ-irradiation on neat PLLA and active packaging with oligohexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (OHMG·HCl) has been studied. Combined use of irradiation and active packaging technology is promising approach to maintain food safety and prolong shelf life. It has been found that regardless of the OHMG·HCl content PLLA undergoes chain scission during irradiation and this process becomes less pronounced at doses higher than 50 kGy. Slight racemization of PLLA during exposure has been observed using polarimetry and 13C NMR spectroscopy. Mechanical properties of films have been examined. Biocide addition led to a 30% decrease in films elongation at break. Irradiation either caused elongation decrease. Dose of 50 kGy and higher made PLLA active films brittle. Multiple melting behavior of irradiated PLLA has been analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry. Fraction of crystals with higher melting temperature rose with dose. Possible reason for this phenomenon is formation of α′ form with less ordered chain packaging that recrystallizes during heating. The biocide addition has not affected this process. Furthermore, in vitro antimicrobial test has shown efficacy of films with 2 wt.% of OHMG·HCl against gram-negative, gram-positive bacteria and fungi.
MOESM6 of Frequency and distribution of neglected tropical diseases in Mozambique: a systematic review
Creators: name: Grau-Pujol, Berta
name: Marilia Massangaie
name: Cano, Jorge
name: Maroto, Carmen
name: Ndeve, Alcino
name: Saute, Francisco
name: MuÃ±Oz, Jose
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 6. List of manuscripts included in the systematic review.
Catalog for the ESPRESSO blind radial velocity exoplanet survey
Creators: name: Hojjatpanah, S.
name: Figueira, P.
name: Santos, N. C.
name: Adibekyan, V.
name: Sousa, S. G.
name: Delgado-Mena, E.
name: Alibert, Y.
name: Cristiani, S.
name: Hernández, J. I. González
name: Lanza, A. F.
name: Di Marcantonio, P.
name: Martins, J. H. C.
name: Micela, G.
name: Molaro, P.
name: Neves, V.
name: Oshagh, M.
name: Pepe, F.
name: Poretti, E.
name: Rojas-Ayala, B.
name: Rebolo, R.
name: Mascareño, A. Suárez
name: Osorio, M. R. Zapatero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the main scientific drivers for ESPRESSO,Échelle SPectrograph, is the detection and characterization of Earth-class exoplanets. With this goal in mind, the ESPRESSO Guaranteed Time Observations (GTO) Catalog identifies the best target stars for a blind search for the radial velocity (RV) signals caused by Earth-class exoplanets. Using the most complete stellar catalogs available, we screened for the most suitable G, K, and M dwarf stars for the detection of Earth-class exoplanets with ESPRESSO. For most of the stars, we then gathered high-resolution spectra from new observations or from archival data. We used these spectra to spectroscopically investigate the existence of any stellar binaries, both bound or background stars. We derived the activity level using chromospheric activity indexes using $log(R'_{HK})$, as well as the projected rotational velocity $\textit{v sin i}$. For the cases where planet companions are already known, we also looked at the possibility that additional planets may exist in the host's habitable zone using dynamical arguments. We estimated the spectroscopic contamination level, $\textit{v sin i}$, activity, stellar parameters and chemical abundances for 249 of the most promising targets. Using these data, we selected 45 stars that match our criteria for detectability of a planet like Earth. The stars presented and discussed in this paper constitute the ESPRESSO GTO catalog for the RV blind search for Earth-class planets. They can also be used for any other work requiring a detailed spectroscopic characterization of stars in the solar neighborhood.
description: Corrected a typo in references. Corrected typo in table B.2
Separation of soft and collinear singularities from one-loop N-point integrals
Creators: name: Dittmaier, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The soft and collinear singularities of general scalar and tensor one-loop N-point integrals are worked out explicitly. As a result a simple explicit formula is given that expresses the singular part in terms of 3-point integrals. Apart from predicting the singularities, this result can be used to transfer singular one-loop integrals from one regularization scheme to another or to subtract soft and collinear singularities from one-loop Feynman diagrams directly in momentum space.
description: 19 pages latex
Gravitomagnetism in the Kerr-Newman-Taub-NUT spacetime
Creators: name: Bini, Donato
name: Cherubini, Christian
name: Jantzen, Robert T.
name: Mashhoon, Bahram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the motion of test particles and electromagnetic waves in the Kerr-Newman-Taub-NUT spacetime in order to elucidate some of the effects associated with the gravitomagnetic monopole moment of the source. In particular, we determine in the linear approximation the contribution of this monopole to the gravitational time delay and the rotation of the plane of the polarization of electromagnetic waves. Moreover, we consider "spherical" orbits of uncharged test particles in the Kerr-Taub-NUT spacetime and discuss the modification of the Wilkins orbits due to the presence of the gravitomagnetic monopole.
description: 12 pages LaTeX iopart style, uses PicTex for 1 Figure
MOESM3 of Frequency and distribution of neglected tropical diseases in Mozambique: a systematic review
Creators: name: Grau-Pujol, Berta
name: Marilia Massangaie
name: Cano, Jorge
name: Maroto, Carmen
name: Ndeve, Alcino
name: Saute, Francisco
name: MuÃ±Oz, Jose
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 3. PRISMA Flow Diagram.
The Limited Reach of Fake News on Twitter during 2019 European Elections
Creators: name: Cinelli, Matteo
name: Cresci, Stefano
name: Galeazzi, Alessandro
name: Quattrociocchi, Walter
name: Tesconi, Maurizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The advent of social media changed the way we consume content favoring a disintermediated access and production. This scenario has been matter of critical discussion about its impact on society. Magnified in the case of Arab Spring or heavily criticized in the Brexit and 2016 U.S. elections. In this work we explore information consumption on Twitter during the last European electoral campaign by analyzing the interaction patterns of official news sources, fake news sources, politicians, people from the showbiz and many others. We extensively explore interactions among different classes of accounts in the months preceding the last European elections, held between 23rd and 26th of May, 2019. We collected almost 400,000 tweets posted by 863 accounts having different roles in the public society. Through a thorough quantitative analysis we investigate the information flow among them, also exploiting geolocalized information. Accounts show the tendency to confine their interaction within the same class and the debate rarely crosses national borders. Moreover, we do not find any evidence of an organized network of accounts aimed at spreading disinformation. Instead, disinformation outlets are largely ignored by the other actors and hence play a peripheral role in online political discussions.
MOESM4 of Frequency and distribution of neglected tropical diseases in Mozambique: a systematic review
Creators: name: Grau-Pujol, Berta
name: Marilia Massangaie
name: Cano, Jorge
name: Maroto, Carmen
name: Ndeve, Alcino
name: Saute, Francisco
name: MuÃ±Oz, Jose
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4. Search terms used to conduct electronic literature search.
Hydrodynamic behavior in expanding thermal clouds of Rb-87
Creators: name: Shvarchuck, I.
name: Buggle, Ch.
name: Petrov, D. S.
name: Kemmann, M.
name: von Klitzing, W.
name: Shlyapnikov, G. V.
name: Walraven, J. T. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study hydrodynamic behavior in expanding thermal clouds of Rb-87 released from an elongated trap. At our highest densities the mean free path is smaller than the radial size of the cloud. After release the clouds expand anisotropically. The cloud temperature drops by as much as 30%. This is attributed to isentropic cooling during the early stages of the expansion. We present an analytical model to describe the expansion and to estimate the cooling. Important consequences for time-of-flight thermometry are discussed.
description: 7 pages with 2 figures
François-Joseph de Wavrechin du Lompret
Creators: name: Plouvain, Pierre-Antoine-Samuel-Joseph (1754-1832)
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2017
Subjects: Officier de justice d'Ancien Régime

description: Source: http://www.sudoc.fr/080675700
description: Coverage: Parlement de Flandre
Modeling of rigidity dependent CORSIKA simulations for GRAPES-3
Creators: name: Hariharan, B.
name: Dugad, S. R.
name: Gupta, S. K.
name: Hayashi, Y.
name: Inbanathan, S. S. R.
name: Jagadeesan, P.
name: Jain, A.
name: Kawakami, S.
name: Mohanty, P. K.
name: Rao, B. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The GRAPES-3 muon telescope located in Ooty, India records 4x10^9 muons daily. These muons are produced by interaction of primary cosmic rays (PCRs) in the atmosphere. The high statistics of muons enables GRAPES-3 to make precise measurement of various sun-induced phenomenon including coronal mass ejections (CME), Forbush decreases, geomagnetic storms (GMS) and atmosphere acceleration during the overhead passage of thunderclouds. However, the understanding and interpretation of observed data requires Monte Carlo (MC) simulation of PCRs and subsequent development of showers in the atmosphere. CORSIKA is a standard MC simulation code widely used for this purpose. However, these simulations are time consuming as large number of interactions and decays need to be taken into account at various stages of shower development from top of the atmosphere down to ground level. Therefore, computing resources become an important consideration particularly when billion of PCRs need to be simulated to match the high statistical accuracy of the data. During the GRAPES-3 simulations, it was observed that over 60% of simulated events don't really reach the Earth's atmosphere. The geomagnetic field (GMF) creates a threshold to PCRs called cutoff rigidity Rc, a direction dependent parameter below which PCRs can't reach the Earth's atmosphere. However, in CORSIKA there is no provision to set a direction dependent threshold. We have devised an efficient method that has taken into account of this Rc dependence. A reduction by a factor ~3 in simulation time and ~2 in output data size was achieved for GRAPES-3 simulations. This has been incorporated in CORSIKA version v75600 onwards. Detailed implementation of this along the potential benefits are discussed in this work.
description: Exp Astron (2019)
Elastic Remote Methods
Creators: name: Jayaram, K. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For distributed applications to take full advantage of cloud computing systems, we need middleware systems that allow developers to build elasticity management components right into the applications. This paper describes the design and implementation of ElasticRMI, a middleware system that (1) enables application developers to dynamically change the number of (server) objects available to handle remote method invocations with respect to the application's workload, without requiring major changes to clients (invokers) of remote methods, (2) enables flexible elastic scaling by allowing developers to use a combination of resource utilization metrics and fine-grained application-specific information like the properties of internal data structures to drive scaling decisions, (3) provides a high-level programming framework that handles elasticity at the level of classes and objects, masking low-level platform specific tasks (like provisioning VM images) from the developer, and (4) increases the portability of ElasticRMI applications across different private data centers/IaaS clouds through Apache Mesos.
description: ACM MIDDLEWARE 2013
Warm Molecular Hydrogen and Ionized Neon in the HH2 Outflow
Creators: name: Lefloch, B.
name: Cernicharo, J.
name: Cabrit, S.
name: Noriega-Crespo, A.
name: Moro-Martin, A.
name: Cesarsky, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on spectro-imaging observations of the Herbig-Haro 2 outflow with the ISOCAM camera onboard the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO). The [Ne II}] 12.81 microns and [Ne III]15.55 microns lines are detected only towards the jet working surface (HH 2H), consistent with the high excitation of this knot in the optical range, while H2 pure rotational emission is found all over the shocked region HH 2. The low energy transition S(2) traces warm gas (T approx. 400K) peaked towards knots E-F and extended ejecta (T approx. 250-380) with masses of a few 0.001 solar mass in the high-velocity CO outflow extending between the powering source and HH 2. Such emission could arise from low-velocity C-type shocks (v= 10-15 km/s). The higher transitions S(3)-S(7) trace the emission of hot shocked gas (T= 1000-1400K) from individual optical knots in the HH 2 region. The ortho to para (OTP) ratio exhibits large spatial variations between 1.2 (E) and 2.5 (H), well below its value at LTE. The emission of the S(3)-S(7) lines is well accounted for by planar C-shock models with a typical velocity V= 20-30 km/s propagating into a medium of density 10^4-10^5 cm-3 with an initial OTP ratio close to 1 in the pre-shock gas. In the leading edge of the jet, where the geometry of the emission allows a simple modelling, a good agreement is found with velocities derived from the optical proper motions measured in the ionized gas.
description: 10 pages + 1 figure
A 16-Bit LSI Digital Multiplier
Creators: name: Masumoto, Rodney Tak
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1978
Subjects: Computer Science
Mutiplication
Data processing

description: Multiplication in digital machines is often done sequentially by the processor's arithmetic logic unit. However, this method is very time consuming due to the many sequential shifts and additions required. Implementing this multiplication directly with hardware increases speed, but at added cost. By implementing an interesting multiplication algorithm on an LSI chip, it is possible to achieve high performance with little added cost.

This paper describes a single chip LSI implementation of such a hardware multiplier. This multiplier/accumulator chip performs a fast multiplication of two 16 bit 2's complement words. It was designed and implemented in silicon gate NMOS with depletion loads. By using a multiple hit examination algorithm, the circuitry requirements were significantly less than that of a standard hardware multiplier. Also, by employing carry-save adders and carry lookahead logic, multiplication delay times are competitive with bipolar implementations, but require one-fifth the power.

An on-chip accumulator allows successive products to be summed without tying up the external data bus. Special completion sensing logic allows the chip to be used in asynchronous timing applications. The 16 bit by 16 bit multiplier chip measures 180 by 180 mils. All circuits are modular, and chips of arbitrary word size can be generated by changing only two parameter values during the computer aided mask layout generation process.
Gyroscope deviation from geodesic motion: quasiresonant oscillations on a circular orbit
Creators: name: Karpov, O. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: General relativistic spin-orbit interaction leads to the quasiresonant oscillation of the gyroscope mass center along the orbital normal. The beating amplitude does not include the speed of light and equals the ratio of the intrinsic momentum of the gyroscope to its orbital momentum. The modulation frequency equals the angular velocity of the geodetic precession that prevents the oscillation from resonance. The oscillation represents the precession of the gyroscope orbital momentum. Within an acceptable time the oscillation amplitude reaches the values that are amenable to being analyzed experimentally. Taking into account the source oblateness decreases the beating amplitude and increases the modulation frequency by the factor that is equal to the ratio of the quadrupole precession velocity to the geodetic precession velocity. The period of the quadrupole precession turns out to be a quite sufficient time to form a measurable amplitude of the oscillation.
description: 5 pages, LaTeX2e, 1 eps figure, to appear in J. Exp. Theor. Phys
Noncommutative partial convexity via $Γ$-convexity
Creators: name: Jury, Michael
name: Klep, Igor
name: Mancuso, Mark E.
name: McCullough, Scott
name: Pascoe, James Eldred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46N10, 47L07, 52A30

description: Motivated by classical notions of partial convexity, biconvexity, and bilinear matrix inequalities, we investigate the theory of free sets that are defined by (low degree) noncommutative matrix polynomials with constrained terms. Given a tuple of symmetric polynomials $Γ$, a free set is called $Γ$-convex if it closed under isometric conjugation by isometries intertwining $Γ$. We establish an Effros-Winkler Hahn-Banach separation theorem for $Γ$-convex sets; they are delineated by linear pencils in the coordinates of $Γ$ and the variables $x$.
Ghosts and ancestral spirits as witnesses of World War Two in Papua New Guinea
Creators: name: Bablis, Gregory Waula Gribinien Tuna
Publisher: name: The University of St Andrews
Year: 2025
Subjects: Papua New Guinea
World War Two
Ghosts of war
Living-living
Living-dead
Socio-geographic
Psycho-geographic

description: My thesis explores relationships with the ‘ghosts of war’ – foreign war dead from Australia, Japan, and the United States – in former battlefield sites in Papua New Guinea. I focus on two sites prominent in PNGs World War Two history: the Wide Bay area 100 km south of Rabaul on New Britain island, site of the infamous Tol Plantation Massacre of 160 Australian POWs by Japanese Forces in February 1942; and the Gorari area of Oro Province, where Japanese forces suffered defeat in early November 1942. Both sites hold many unrecovered war dead, with local people experiencing complex relationships with the legacy of WWII and the ghosts of war. The former combatant nations are actively searching for their dead in their old theaters of war. Additionally, thanatourism and war tourism have increased in popularity for the people of these countries. For people in former battlefield sites I work in, their relationships to the bones of the foreign war dead, and ghosts of war, become important ways through which they extend historical connections and pursue present relations with foreign others who go to their places. I analyse local idioms through which people remember, interpret, and reinterpret their war histories. In the accounts, some people become aligned to a side during the war, but their rationale are framed according to their own cultural modes and ways of thinking. Many of my interlocutors have postulated that WWII was a foreign war and that they, or their parents and grandparents, were simply caught in between. On the other hand, a politico-religious group in one of my fieldsites have their own cosmological framing of WWII that entirely disregards the ideological orientations of the former combatant nations. Their worldview re-evaluates notions of ‘origin’ and ‘foreign’ and flips the narrative of WWII being a foreign war in PNG.
Surface-to-mountaintop transport characterised by radon observations at the Jungfraujoch
Creators: name: Griffiths, Alan
name: Conen, Franz
name: Weingartner, Ernest
name: Zimmermann, Lukas
name: Chambers, Scott Dudley
name: Williams, Alastair
name: Steinbacher, Martin
Publisher: name: Copernicus
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 550 - Geowissenschaften

description: Atmospheric composition measurements at Jungfraujoch are affected intermittently by boundary-layer air which is brought to the station by processes including thermally driven (anabatic) mountain winds. Using observations of radon-222, and a new objective analysis method, we quantify the land-surface influence at Jungfraujoch hour by hour and detect the presence of anabatic winds on a daily basis. During 2010–2011, anabatic winds occurred on 40% of days, but only from April to September. Anabatic wind days were associated with warmer air temperatures over a large fraction of Europe and with a shift in air-mass properties, even when comparing days with a similar mean radon concentration. Excluding days with anabatic winds, however, did not lead to a better definition of the unperturbed aerosol background than a definition based on radon alone. This implies that a radon threshold reliably excludes local influences from both anabatic and non-anabatic vertical-transport processes.
Entanglement and nonlocality versus spontaneous emission in two-atom system
Creators: name: Jakobczyk, L.
name: Jamroz, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study evolution of entanglement of two two-level atoms in the presence of dissipation caused by spontaneous emission. We find explicit fromulas for the amount of entanglement as a function of time, in the case of destruction of the initial entanglement and possible creation of a transient entanglement between atoms. We also discuss how spontaneous emission influences nonlocality of states expressed by violation of Bell - CHSH inequality. It is shown that evolving system very quickly becomes local, even if entanglement is still present or produced.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
Managing Weather Risk for Cotton in Texas High Plains with Optimal Temporal Allocation of Irrigation Water
Creators: name: Nair, Shyam
name: Wang, Chenggang
name: Knight, Thomas O.
name: Segarra, Eduardo
name: Johnson, Jeff
name: Maas, Stephan
name: Mauget, Steven A.
name: Nair, Shyam
name: Wang, Chenggang
name: Knight, Thomas O.
name: Segarra, Eduardo
name: Johnson, Jeff
name: Maas, Stephan
name: Mauget, Steven A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Cotton
subject: Irrigation
subject: Economics
subject: Risk
subject: Cotton2K

description: Texas High Plains (THP) is a major cotton producing region in the US with low rainfall and decreasing irrigation water availability. Hence stochastic rainfall poses considerable production risk in the region and developing strategies to maximize the average profit and minimize the year to year variability in profits is an important concern. In this study, Cotton2K, which is a process based cotton growth simulation model, was used along with an economic optimization model to identify the optimal strategies for temporal allocation of irrigation water for center pivot irrigated cotton in THP. The study analyzed different strategies to allocate irrigation water during one growing season among three different growth stages of cotton (planting to first bloom, first bloom to first open boll, and first open ball to 60% open boll) at four different sub-optimal levels for irrigation water availability (6, 9, 12, and 15 acre-inches). The results showed that the profit and utility maximizing strategy was to apply all available irrigation water during stage II when six, nine, and twelve acre-inches of irrigation water were available. When fifteen inches of irrigation water was available, the optimal strategy was to use 90% of the available irrigation water in stage II and the rest in stage III. The sensitivity analysis indicated that these optimal decisions were not sensitive to variations in price of cotton lint and farmer’s attitude towards risk.
Standard Clocks, Orbital Precession and the Cosmological Constant
Creators: name: Kerr, Andrew W.
name: Hauck, John C.
name: Mashhoon, Bahram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the influence of the cosmological constant on the gravitomagnetic clock effect and the gravitational time delay of electromagnetic rays. Moreover, we consider the relative motion of a binary system to linear order in the cosmological constant $Λ$. The general expression for the effect of $Λ$ on pericenter precession is given for arbitrary orbital eccentricity.
description: LaTeX file, no figures, 16 pages, amended version
CCN activity and volatility of β-caryophyllene secondary organic aerosol
Creators: name: Frosch, Mia
name: Bilde, Merete
name: Nenes, Athanasios
name: Praplan, Arnaud P.
name: Jurányi, Zsófia
name: Dommen, Josef
name: Gysel, Martin
name: Weingartner, Ernest
name: Baltensperger, Urs
Publisher: name: Copernicus
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 550 - Geowissenschaften

description: In a series of smog chamber experiments, the cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) generated from ozonolysis of β-caryophyllene was characterized by determining the CCN derived hygroscopicity parameter, κCCN, from experimental data. Two types of CCN counters, operating at different temperatures, were used. The effect of semi-volatile organic compounds on the CCN activity of SOA was studied using a thermodenuder. Overall, SOA was only slightly CCN active (with κCCN in the range 0.001–0.16), and in dark experiments with no OH scavenger present, κCCN decreased when particles were sent through the thermodenuder (with a temperature up to 50 °C). SOA was generated under different experimental conditions: In some experiments, an OH scavenger (2-butanol) was added. SOA from these experiments was less CCN active than SOA produced in experiments without an OH scavenger (i.e. where OH was produced during ozonolysis). In other experiments, lights were turned on, either without or with the addition of HONO (OH source). This led to the formation of more CCN active SOA. SOA was aged up to 30 h through exposure to ozone and (in experiments with no OH scavenger present) to OH. In all experiments, the derived κCCN consistently increased with time after initial injection of β-caryophyllene, showing that chemical ageing increases the CCN activity of β-caryophyllene SOA. κCCN was also observed to depend on supersaturation, which was explained either as an evaporation artifact from semi-volatile SOA (only observed in experiments lacking light exposure) or, alternatively, by effects related to chemical composition depending on dry particle size. Using the method of Threshold Droplet Growth Analysis it was also concluded that the activation kinetics of the SOA do not differ significantly from calibration ammonium sulphate aerosol for particles aged for several hours.
Happy Birthday, Ultra-Cold Neutron!
Creators: name: Abele, Hartmut
name: Jenke, Tobias
name: Lemmel, Hartmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: What is driving the accelerated expansion of the universe and do we have an alternative for Einstein's cosmological constant? What is dark matter made of? Do extra dimensions of space and time exist? Is there a preferred frame in the universe? To which extent is left-handedness a preferred symmetry in nature? What's the origin of the baryon asymmetry in the universe? These fundamental and open questions are addressed by precision experiments using ultra-cold neutrons. This year, we celebrate the 50th anniversary of their first production, followed by first pioneering experiments. Actually, ultra-cold neutrons were discovered twice in the same year, once in the eastern and once in the western world. For five decades now research projects with ultra-cold neutrons have contributed to the determination of the force constants of nature's fundamental interactions, and several technological breakthroughs in precision allow to address the open questions by putting them to experimental test. To mark the event and tribute to this fabulous object, we present a birthday song for ultra-cold neutrons with acoustic resonant transitions, which are based solely on properties of ultra-cold neutrons, the inertial and gravitational mass of the neutron, Planck's constant, and the local gravity. We make use of a musical intonation system that bears no relation to basic notation and basic musical theory as applied and used elsewhere but addresses two fundamental problems of music theory, the problem of reference for the concert pitch and the problem of intonation.
description: This article covers the music part of a lecture given at the International Workshop on Particle Physics at Neutron Sources, PPNS, in Grenoble/France in May 2018 with a composition on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the first production of ultra-cold neutrons
MOESM2 of Frequency and distribution of neglected tropical diseases in Mozambique: a systematic review
Creators: name: Grau-Pujol, Berta
name: Marilia Massangaie
name: Cano, Jorge
name: Maroto, Carmen
name: Ndeve, Alcino
name: Saute, Francisco
name: MuÃ±Oz, Jose
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. PRISMA checklist.