cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Traffic Reaction Model: A kinetic compartmental approach to road traffic modeling
Creators: name: Pereira, M.
name: Kulcsár, B.
name: Lipták, Gy.
name: Kovács, M.
name: Szederkényi, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this work, a family of finite volume discretization schemes for LWR-type first order traffic flow models (with possible on- and off-ramps) is proposed: the Traffic Reaction Model (TRM). These schemes yield systems of ODEs that are formally equivalent to the kinetic systems used to model chemical reaction networks. An in-depth numerical analysis of the TRM is performed. On the one hand, the analytical properties of the scheme (nonnegative, conservative, capacity-preserving, monotone) and its relation to more traditional schemes for traffic flow models (Godunov, CTM) are presented. Finally, the link between the TRM and kinetic systems is exploited to offer a novel compartmental interpretation of traffic models. In particular, kinetic theory is used to derive dynamical properties (namely persistence and Lyapunov stability) of the TRM for a specific road configuration. Two extensions of the proposed model, to networks and changing driving conditions, are also described.
description: Pulished version of the first draft that was on ArXiv. Detailed proofs of the results and some extra analysis of the scheme were added. 24 pages, 9 figures
LoCuSS: Comparison of Observed X-ray and Lensing Galaxy Cluster Scaling Relations with Simulations
Creators: name: Zhang, Y. -Y.
name: Finoguenov, A.
name: Boehringer, H.
name: Kneib, J. -P.
name: Smith, G. P.
name: Kneissl, R.
name: Okabe, N.
name: Dahle, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Local Cluster Substructure Survey (LoCuSS, Smith et al.) is a systematic multi-wavelength survey of >100 X-ray luminous galaxy clusters (0.14
description: 56 pages, 32 figure, 2008A&A...482..451Z, typos corrected in Table A.1
On the importance of the connectedness assumption in the statement of the optimal $p$-compliance problem
Creators: name: Bulanyi, Bohdan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this short note we provide a proof of the importance of the connectedness assumption in the statement of the optimal $p$-compliance problem with length penalization and in the statement of the constrained form of this problem for the existence of solutions.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2101.04231
title: Implementierung eines bayesschen Algorithmus zur Optimierung von Syntheseergebnissen
Creators: name: Beer, Aaron
Publisher: name: Fachhochschule Dortmund
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik

description: Die vorliegende Masterthesis beschreibt die Implementierung eines bayesschen Algorithmus zur Optimierung von Syntheseergebnissen. Zu Beginn wird eine Einleitung in die Synthese digitaler Schaltungen sowie aller für die Optimierung relevanten Parameter gegeben. Das Liberty-Format zur Beschreibung von Zellbibliotheken wird erläutert und die für die Optimierung erstellte Zellbibliothek imes_cc wird vorgestellt. Daraufhin wird die Synthese von Testschaltungen unter Einbezug der Bibliothek mithilfe eines automatisierten Arbeitsablaufs vorgestellt. Hierbei werden Timing-, Area-, und Power-Parameter zur Beurteilung der synthetisierten Netzliste aus den erstellten Reports herausgelesen und vergleichend dargestellt. Die Implementierung des Algorithmus auf Basis des Scikit-Optimize-Moduls wird daraufhin erläutert und die erzielten Optimierungen anhand der Testschaltungen dargestellt.
Classical and variational Poisson cohomology
Creators: name: Bakalov, Bojko
name: De Sole, Alberto
name: Heluani, Reimundo
name: Kac, Victor G.
name: Vignoli, Veronica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 17B69. Secondary 17B63, 17B65, 17B80, 18D50

description: We prove that, for a Poisson vertex algebra V, the canonical injective homomorphism of the variational cohomology of V to its classical cohomology is an isomorphism, provided that V, viewed as a differential algebra, is an algebra of differential polynomials in finitely many differential variables. This theorem is one of the key ingredients in the computation of vertex algebra cohomology. For its proof, we introduce the sesquilinear Hochschild and Harrison cohomology complexes and prove a vanishing theorem for the symmetric sesquilinear Harrison cohomology of the algebra of differential polynomials in finitely many differential variables.
description: 33 pages
Hybrid III-V Silicon Photonic Crystal Cavity Emitting at Telecom Wavelengths
Creators: name: Mauthe, Svenja
name: Tiwari, Preksha
name: Scherrer, Markus
name: Caimi, Daniele
name: Sousa, Marilyne
name: Schmid, Heinz
name: Moselund, Kirsten E.
name: Triviño, Noelia Vico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photonic crystal (PhC) cavities are promising candidates for Si photonics integrated circuits due to their ultrahigh quality (Q)-factors and small mode volumes. Here, we demonstrate a novel concept of a one-dimensional hybrid III-V/Si PhC cavity which exploits a combination of standard silicon-on-insulator technology and active III-V materials. Using template-assisted selective epitaxy, the central part of a Si PhC lattice is locally replaced with III-V gain material. The III-V material is placed to overlap with the maximum of the cavity mode field profile, while keeping the major part of the PhC in Si. The selective epitaxy process enables growth parallel to the substrate and hence, in-plane integration with Si, and in-situ in-plane homo- and heterojunctions. The fabricated hybrid III-V/Si PhCs show emission over the entire telecommunication band from 1.2 μm to 1.6 μm at room temperature validating the device concept and its potential towards fully integrated light sources on silicon.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Hydrogen Absorption Properties of Metal-Ethylene Complexes
Creators: name: Zhou, W.
name: Yildirim, T.
name: Durgun, E.
name: Ciraci, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, we have predicted [Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 226102 (2006)] that a single ethylene molecule can form stable complexes with light transition metals (TM) such as Ti and the resulting TMn-ethylene complex can absorb up to ~12 and 14 wt % hydrogen for n=1 and 2, respectively. Here we extend this study to include a large number of other metals and different isomeric structures. We obtained interesting results for light metals such as Li. The ethylene molecule is able to complex with two Li atoms with a binding energy of 0.7 eV/Li which then binds up to two H2 molecules per Li with a binding energy of 0.24 eV/H2 and absorption capacity of 16 wt %, a record high value reported so far. The stability of the proposed metal-ethylene complexes was tested by extensive calculations such as normal-mode analysis, finite temperature first-principles molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and reaction path calculations. The phonon and MD simulations indicate that the proposed structures are stable up to 500 K. The reaction path calculations indicate about 1 eV activation barrier for the TM2-ethylene complex to transform into a possible lower energy configuration where the ethylene molecule is dissociated. Importantly, no matter which isometric configuration the TM2-ethylene complex possesses, the TM atoms are able to bind multiple hydrogen molecules with suitable binding energy for room temperature storage. These results suggest that co-deposition of ethylene with a suitable precursor of TM or Li into nanopores of light-weight host materials may be a very promising route to discovering new materials with high-capacity hydrogen absorption properties.
Patients at a pain clinic – characteristics, patient-reported outcome measures and predicting factors from baseline to one year later
Creators: name: Hållstam, Andrea
name: Löfgren, Monika
name: Svensén, Christer
name: Britt-Marie Stålnacke
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Knowledge about patients with chronic pain, treated at pain clinics, is scarce. Our study at a Swedish pain clinic showed that the sample represented low health related quality of life (HRQoL) and several, chronic pain related problems at the first visit. Conventional pain treatment improved HRQoL, pain, insomnia, disability and kinesiophobia. Patients with severe insomnia and high pain related disability seemed to have particular benefit of the treatment to improve HRQoL. Health care professionals should pay attention to these factors. The study is part of a project, where different treatment alternatives are studied from the patients` perspective by questionnaires and interviews.
Tuned Compositional Feature Replays for Efficient Stream Learning
Creators: name: Talbot, Morgan B.
name: Zawar, Rushikesh
name: Badkundri, Rohil
name: Zhang, Mengmi
name: Kreiman, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Our brains extract durable, generalizable knowledge from transient experiences of the world. Artificial neural networks come nowhere close to this ability. When tasked with learning to classify objects by training on non-repeating video frames in temporal order (online stream learning), models that learn well from shuffled datasets catastrophically forget old knowledge upon learning new stimuli. We propose a new continual learning algorithm, Compositional Replay Using Memory Blocks (CRUMB), which mitigates forgetting by replaying feature maps reconstructed by combining generic parts. CRUMB concatenates trainable and re-usable "memory block" vectors to compositionally reconstruct feature map tensors in convolutional neural networks. Storing the indices of memory blocks used to reconstruct new stimuli enables memories of the stimuli to be replayed during later tasks. This reconstruction mechanism also primes the neural network to minimize catastrophic forgetting by biasing it towards attending to information about object shapes more than information about image textures, and stabilizes the network during stream learning by providing a shared feature-level basis for all training examples. These properties allow CRUMB to outperform an otherwise identical algorithm that stores and replays raw images, while occupying only 3.6% as much memory. We stress-tested CRUMB alongside 13 competing methods on 7 challenging datasets. To address the limited number of existing online stream learning datasets, we introduce 2 new benchmarks by adapting existing datasets for stream learning. With only 3.7-4.1% as much memory and 15-43% as much runtime, CRUMB mitigates catastrophic forgetting more effectively than the state-of-the-art. Our code is available at https://github.com/MorganBDT/crumb.git.
description: Copyright 2023 IEEE. The journal version of this article is hosted at https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10373937 and https://klab.tch.harvard.edu/publications/PDFs/gk8019.pdf
Form-motion suppressive interactions in normal and disabled readers
Creators: name: Calzolari, Sara
name: Contemori, Giulio
name: Casco, Clara
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Detection of a low contrast static Gabor is strongly reduced by high contrast flankers whose spatial frequency (SF) is either equal or differed by ±1 and ±2 octaves to the target’s SF (Petrov, Carandini, & McKee, 2005). Suppression of a 0.5 c/deg drifting target occurs, with transient stimulation, with flankers SF < 2 octave but not ≥ 2 octave, suggesting that suppression occurs when both target and flankers stimulate the same (magnocellular) but not different systems (magnocellular and parvocellular). Based on the hypotheses of earlier development of parvocellular than magnocellular system, and of a magnocellular deficit in dyslexia, we compared the suppressive effect by flankers of SF ± 2 octave on the drifting target in adults and children either normo-reader or dyslexics. Children’s contrast threshold for the drifting isolated target did not differ from that of adults. However, both children’s groups had higher thresholds than adults when flankers SF was either lower or equal to that of the target. Moreover, only in dyslexics thresholds with +2 octave flankers are higher than with no flankers and higher than in adults. These results indicate stronger suppressive magnocellular lateral interactions in children than adults and, only in dyslexics, a motion-form stimulation imbalance.
title: Urbane Soundscapes - Der Lärm im urbanen Raum und auditive Stadtgestaltung am Beispiel der Stadt Bochum
Creators: name: Porombka, Jonas
Publisher: name: Fachhochschule Dortmund
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 791 Öffentliche Darbietungen, Film, Rundfunk

description: Das Ziel der vorliegenden Bachelorarbeit ist die Vermittlung eines grundlegenden Verständnisses für die akustischen Umgebungen einer Stadt und die Auswirkungen von Lärm auf den menschlichen Organismus und die Umwelt. Hierfür werden zunächst eine Einführung in die Soundscape-Forschung gegeben und wichtige Begrifflichkeiten für die Analyse von Soundscapes erläutert. Am Beispiel der Stadt Bochum wird anschließend auf den Zustand der akustischen Umgebungen im urbanen Raum eingegangen und die Relevanz der auditiven Stadtplanung verdeutlicht. Daraufhin wird ein Einblick in aktuelle Forschungen gegeben, die auf einen neuen und den klanglichen Aspekt umfassenden Standpunkt der modernen Städteplanung hoffen lassen. Abschließend wird die Konzeption und Realisierung der Soundscape-Komposition Urban Transitions unter der Berücksichtigung der gewonnenen Erkenntnisse beschrieben und ein Bezug zu vergleichbaren Werken hergestellt.
Fundamental limits on concentrating and preserving tensorized quantum resources
Creators: name: Lee, Jaehak
name: Baek, Kyunghyun
name: Park, Jiyong
name: Kim, Jaewan
name: Nha, Hyunchul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum technology offers great advantages in many applications by exploiting quantum resources like nonclassicality, coherence, and entanglement. In practice, an environmental noise unavoidably affects a quantum system and it is thus an important issue to protect quantum resources from noise. In this work, we investigate the manipulation of quantum resources possessing the so-called tensorization property and identify the fundamental limitations on concentrating and preserving those quantum resources. We show that if a resource measure satisfies the tensorization property as well as the monotonicity, it is impossible to concentrate multiple noisy copies into a single better resource by free operations. Furthermore, we show that quantum resources cannot be better protected from channel noises by employing correlated input states on joint channels if the channel output resource exhibits the tensorization property. We address several practical resource measures where our theorems apply and manifest their physical meanings in quantum resource manipulation.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
Isoperimetric-type inequalities for iterated Brownian motion in R^n
Creators: name: Nane, Erkan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J65, 60K99

description: We extend generalized isoperimetric-type inequalities to iterated Brownian motion over several domains in $\RR{R}^{n}$. These kinds of inequalities imply in particular that for domains of finite volume, the exit distribution and moments of the first exit time for iterated Brownian motion are maximized with the ball $D^{*}$ centered at the origin, which has the same volume as $D$
description: 10 pages
Characterizing dynamical states of Galactic open clusters with Gaia DR2
Creators: name: Angelo, M. S.
name: Corradi, W. J. B.
name: Santos, J. F. C.
name: Maia, F. F. S.
name: Ferreira, F. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we investigate the dynamical properties of 38 Galactic open clusters: 34 of them are located at low Galactic latitudes (|b| < 10$^{\circ}$) and are projected against dense stellar fields; the other 4 comparison objects present clearer contrasts with the field population. We determine structural and time-related parameters that are associated with the clusters' dynamical evolution: core ($r_c$), tidal ($r_t$) and half-mass ($r_{hm}$) radii, ages ($t$) and crossing times ($t_{cr}$). We have also incorporated results for 27 previously studied clusters, creating a sample of 65, spanning the age and Galactocentric distance ($R_G$) ranges: 7.0 < log ($t$) < 9.7 and 6 < $R_G$ (kpc) < 13. We employ a uniform analysis method which incorporates photometric and astrometric data from the Gaia DR2 catalogue. Member stars are identified by employing a decontamination algorithm which operates on the 3D astrometric space of parallax and proper motion and attributes membership likelihoods for stars in the cluster region. Our results show that the internal relaxation causes $r_c$ to correlate negatively with the dynamical ratio $τ_{dyn}$ = $t/t_{cr}$. This implies that dynamically older systems tend to be more centrally concentrated. The more concentrated ones tend to present smaller $r_{hm}/r_t$ ratios, which means that they are less subject to tidal disruption. The analysis of coeval groups at compatible $R_G$ suggests that the inner structure of clusters is reasonably insensitive to variations in the external tidal field. Additionally, our results confirm, on average, an increase in $r_t$ for regions with less intense Galactic gravitational field.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Azimuthal and pseudo-rapidity correlations with strange particles at intermediate-p$_T$ at RHIC
Creators: name: Bielcikova, Jana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results on two-particle azimuthal correlations with strange trigger particles ($K^0_S$, $Λ$, $Ξ$, $Ω$) associated with unidentified charged particles %at intermediate $p_T$ in d+Au and Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV. We investigate, in detail, the near-side associated yield as a function of centrality, $p_T$ and strangeness content in the trigger particle to look for possible flavor and baryon/meson differences. We compare our results to a fragmentation and recombination model, where the study of $Ω$-triggered correlations is used as a critical test of the validity of the recombination picture.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, presented at the 19th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions, "Quark Matter 2006", Shanghai, China, November 14-20, 2006
Neutron electric dipole moment with external electric field method in lattice QCD
Creators: name: Shintani, E.
name: Aoki, S.
name: Ishizuka, N.
name: Kanaya, K.
name: Kikukawa, Y.
name: Kuramashi, Y.
name: Okawa, M.
name: Ukawa, A.
name: Yoshié, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a possibility that the Neutron Electric Dipole Moment (NEDM) can be calculated in lattice QCD simulations in the presence of the CP violating $θ$ term. In this paper we measure the energy difference between spin-up and spin-down states of the neutron in the presence of an uniform and static external electric field. We first test this method in quenched QCD with the RG improved gauge action on a $16^3\times 32$ lattice at $a^{-1}\simeq$ 2 GeV, employing two different lattice fermion formulations, the domain-wall fermion and the clover fermion for quarks, at relatively heavy quark mass $(m_{PS}/m_V \simeq 0.85)$. We obtain non-zero values of NEDM from calculations with both fermion formulations. We next consider some systematic uncertainties of our method for NEDM, using $24^3\times 32$ lattice at the same lattice spacing only with the clover fermion. We finally investigate the quark mass dependence of NEDM and observe a non-vanishing behavior of NEDM toward the chiral limit. We interpret this behavior as a manifestation of the pathology in the quenched approximation.
description: LaTeX2e, 51 pages, 43 figures, uses revtex4 and graphicx, References and comments added, typos corrected, accepted by PRD
Explainable Graph-based Search for Lessons-Learned Documents in the Semiconductor Industry
Creators: name: Abu-Rasheed, Hasan
name: Weber, Christian
name: Zenkert, Johannes
name: Krumm, Roland
name: Fathi, Madjid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.3.3

description: Industrial processes produce a considerable volume of data and thus information. Whether it is structured sensory data or semi- to unstructured textual data, the knowledge that can be derived from it is critical to the sustainable development of the industrial process. A key challenge of this sustainability is the intelligent management of the generated data, as well as the knowledge extracted from it, in order to utilize this knowledge for improving future procedures. This challenge is a result of the tailored documentation methods and domain-specific requirements, which include the need for quick visibility of the documented knowledge. In this paper, we utilize the expert knowledge documented in chip-design failure reports in supporting user access to information that is relevant to a current chip design. Unstructured, free, textual data in previous failure documentations provides a valuable source of lessons-learned, which expert design-engineers have experienced, solved and documented. To achieve a sustainable utilization of knowledge within the company, not only the inherent knowledge has to be mined from unstructured textual data, but also the relations between the lessons-learned, uncovering potentially unknown links. In this research, a knowledge graph is constructed, in order to represent and use the interconnections between reported design failures. A search engine is developed and applied onto the graph to answer queries. In contrast to mere keyword-based searching, the searchability of the knowledge graph offers enhanced search results beyond direct matches and acts as a mean for generating explainable results and result recommendations. Results are provided to the design engineer through an interactive search interface, in which, the feedback from the user is used to further optimize relations for future iterations of the knowledge graph.
description: Accepted in the "Computing2021" conference, 15-16 July 2021, London, UK
A proposal to improve pain management through education, linked to patient safety
Creators: name: Gilbert, Steve
name: Craig, David
name: Smith, Blair
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: There is little education on pain management in undergraduate or postgraduate medical curricula. This leads to sub optimal diagnosis & management of chronic pain, with unnecessary investigations & treatments. There are rising levels of analgesic prescriptions, with dangers of side effects, dependency & addiction.
High throughput development of Pacbio 20kb template preparation
Creators: name: Baker, David
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Manual 20kb library construction of PacBio libraries requires careful handling of the DNA throughout the protocol. There are many small volume steps and clean ups which need to be accurate and reproducible. At TGAC we do a lot of small microbe PacBio only sequencing that tend to only require 1 or 2 SMRT cells. The bottleneck with these projects is generating the libraries. Typical final library yields can be as low as 20% with only 5ug input.  Here at TGAC, we are working on several different liquid handling systems to automate the large insert library construction and present our progress.
Reentrant and Forward Phase Diagrams of the Anisotropic Three-Dimensional Ising Spin Glass
Creators: name: Güven, Can
name: Berker, A. Nihat
name: Hinczewski, Michael
name: Nishimori, Hidetoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spatially uniaxially anisotropic d=3 Ising spin glass is solved exactly on a hierarchical lattice. Five different ordered phases, namely ferromagnetic, columnar, layered, antiferromagnetic, and spin-glass phases, are found in the global phase diagram. The spin-glass phase is more extensive when randomness is introduced within the planes than when it is introduced in lines along one direction. Phase diagram cross-sections, with no Nishimori symmetry, with Nishimori symmetry lines, or entirely imbedded into Nishimori symmetry, are studied. The boundary between the ferromagnetic and spin-glass phases can be either reentrant or forward, that is either receding from or penetrating into the spin-glass phase, as temperature is lowered. However, this boundary is always reentrant when the multicritical point terminating it is on the Nishimori symmetry line.
description: Added 7 more references. Published version. 7 pages, 7 figures, 1 table
Instanton modifications of the bound state singularity in the Schwinger Model
Creators: name: Radozycki, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the quark-antiquark Green's function in the Schwinger Model with instanton contributions taken into account. Thanks to the fact that this function may analytically be found, we draw out singular terms, which arise due to the formation of the bound state in the theory -- the massive Schwinger boson. The principal term has a pole character. The residue in this pole contains contributions from various instanton sectors: $0,\pm 1, \pm 2$. It is shown, that the nonzero ones change the factorizability property. The formula for the residue is compared to the Bethe-Salpeter wave function found as a field amplitude. Next, it is demonstrated, that apart from polar part, there appears in the Green's function also the weak branch point singularity of the logarithmic and dilogarithmic nature. These results are not in variance with the universally adopted $S$-matrix factorization.
description: 9 pages, REVTEX
The Clustering Evolution of Primordial Black Holes
Creators: name: De Luca, V.
name: Desjacques, V.
name: Franciolini, G.
name: Riotto, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Primordial black holes might comprise a significant fraction of the dark matter in the Universe and be responsible for the gravitational wave signals from black hole mergers observed by the LIGO/Virgo collaboration. The spatial clustering of primordial black holes might affect their merger rates and have a significant impact on the constraints on their masses and abundances. We provide some analytical treatment of the primordial black hole spatial clustering evolution, compare our results with some of the existing N-body numerical simulations and discuss the implications for the black hole merger rates. If primordial black holes contribute to a small fraction of the dark matter, primordial black hole clustering is not relevant. On the other hand, for a large contribution to the dark matter, we argue that the clustering may increase the late time Universe merger rate to a level compatible with the LIGO/Virgo detection rate. As for the early Universe merger rate of black hole binaries formed at primordial epochs, clustering alleviates the LIGO/Virgo constraints, but does not evade them.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures
NFDI4Health
Creators: name: Idda, Theresa
name: Lindstädt, Birte
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: FDM
Forschungsdatenmanagement
Hessische Forschungsdateninfrastrukturen
NFDI
Nationale Forschungsdateninfrastrukturen
NFDI4Health
Präsentation
HeFDI Plenary 2020

description: Poster über den Auftrag und die Ziele des NFDI4Health Konsortiums, präsentiert auf dem HeFDI-Plenary 2020.
Cognitive Behavioral Treatment in patients with chronic low back pain in a public health setting
Creators: name: González, Eva Del Río
name: Roig, Ángel Enrique
name: Schmitt, Julia
name: Arbona, Cristina Botella
name: García-Palacios, Azucena
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Background and aims: chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a syndrome characterized by musculoskeletal pain in the final segment of the spine (Casado-Morales, Moix-Queraltó and Vidal-Fernández, 2008). It is one of the most common chronic pain conditions given its prevalence, 7.7% (Humbría-Mendiola, Carmona, Peña-Sagredo and Ortiz, 2002). In addition to limitations in mobility (Indahl, 2004), CLBP has a negative impact on psychological well-being, provoking depression in 29% of patients (Mok and Lee, 2008). Psychological treatment has demonstrated to be effective in the improvement of quality of life of CLBP sufferers, especially applying Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) (Hoffman et al., 2007). The aim of this study is to describe a CBT protocol and present a case series of patients who already has been applied such treatment. Method: 5 people with CLBP from the rehabilitation area of a public health hospital in Spain received 6 sessions of CBT, once a week, around 2 hours duration. The therapeutic components of this treatment were psychoeducation, mindfulness, cognitive reestructuting, programming activities, relaxation and relapse prevention. We evaluated patients at pre-test, post-test and at 3 and 6 months follow-up. Results: a decrease of outcome measures (pain and disability) is observed after treatment. Conclusions: This preliminary results indicate that it is possible to implement CBT in a public setting. Acknowledgements: this work is part of PI12 / 02710 project funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Ministry of Economy and Finance).
Logarithmic Vertex Algebras
Creators: name: Bakalov, Bojko
name: Villarreal, Juan J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Primary 17B69, Secondary 81R10, 81T40

description: We introduce and study the notion of a logarithmic vertex algebra, which is a vertex algebra with logarithmic singularities in the operator product expansion of quantum fields; thus providing a rigorous formulation of the algebraic properties of quantum fields in logarithmic conformal field theory. We develop a framework that allows many results about vertex algebras to be extended to logarithmic vertex algebras, including in particular the Borcherds identity and Kac Existence Theorem. Several examples are investigated in detail, and they exhibit some unexpected new features that are peculiar to the logarithmic case.
description: 62 pages
Large-area Si(Li) Detectors for X-ray Spectrometry and Particle Tracking for the GAPS Experiment
Creators: name: Rogers, Field
name: Xiao, Mengjiao
name: Perez, Kerstin
name: Boggs, Steven
name: Erjavec, Tyler
name: Fabris, Lorenzo
name: Fuke, Hideyuki
name: Hailey, Charles J.
name: Kozai, Masayoshi
name: Lowell, Alex
name: Madden, Norman
name: Manghisoni, Massimo
name: McBride, Steve
name: Re, Valerio
name: Riceputi, Elisa
name: Saffold, Nathan
name: Shimizu, Yuki
name: Zampa, Gianluigi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large-area lithium-drifted silicon (Si(Li)) detectors, operable 150°C above liquid nitrogen temperature, have been developed for the General Antiparticle Spectrometer (GAPS) balloon mission and will form the first such system to operate in space. These 10 cm-diameter, 2.5 mm-thick multi-strip detectors have been verified in the lab to provide <4 keV FWHM energy resolution for X-rays as well as tracking capability for charged particles, while operating in conditions (~-40°C and ~1 Pa) achievable on a long-duration balloon mission with a large detector payload. These characteristics enable the GAPS silicon tracker system to identify cosmic antinuclei via a novel technique based on exotic atom formation, de-excitation, and annihilation. Production and large-scale calibration of ~1000 detectors has begun for the first GAPS flight, scheduled for late 2021. The detectors developed for GAPS may also have other applications, for example in heavy nuclei identification.
Understanding the roles of polyploidy and the environment on nordihydroguaiaretic acid variation in Larrea tridentata
Creators: name: Zuravnsky, Kristin Nicole
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biology
Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA)
Larrea tridentata

description: Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) is the principal compound in the resinous leaf coating of Larrea tridentata (Creosote bush), the dominant shrub of North American deserts. L. tridentata exists as three polyploid races: diploid (2X = 26), tetraploid (4X = 52), and hexaploid (6X = 78). The distributions of these ploidy levels are strongly associated with the three major deserts of the region where diploids primarily reside in the cooler, wetter Chihuahuan desert, tetraploids in the Sonoran desert, and hexaploids in the hot, dry Mojave desert. NDGA is a secondary metabolite of creosote bush that functions to protect plants from biotic and abiotic stressors such as extreme drought, harmful UV radiation, and herbivory. Here, I investigated the role of polyploidy and environmental variables on the production of NDGA by quantifying concentrations from field and greenhouse-grown polyploids. Citizen scientists were utilized to facilitate simultaneous sampling across the entire distributional range of this species, for one full year. Under natural conditions, shrubs produced significantly higher NDGA concentrations than when  removed from the harsh desert environment. In field and greenhouse treatments, hexaploids exhibited higher NDGA concentrations than diploids or tetraploids.Within the diploid cytotype, I documented environmental influences on NDGA concentration based on comparisons between a field site experiencing Severe drought, a watered field site, and greenhouse-grown diploids. Principal components analysis revealed that NDGA response to environmental variables successfully predicts the current ploidy distribution of this species. These observations highlight the complexity of plant-environment-genotype interactions and suggest that evolution in production of secondary metabolites may be driven by long-term changes in environmental conditions, and potentially influence species distribution regimes.
Physics-informed deep learning for three dimensional black holes
Creators: name: Yaraie, Emad
name: Ghaffarnejad, Hossein
name: Farsam, Mohammad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to AdS/DL (Anti de Sitter/ Deep Learning) correspondence given by \cite{Has}, in this paper with a data-driven approach and leveraging holography principle we have designed an artificial neural network architecture to produce metric field of planar BTZ and quintessence black holes. Data has been collected by choosing minimally coupled massive scalar field with quantum fluctuations and try to process two emergent and ground-truth metrics versus the holographic parameter which plays role of depth of the neural network. Loss or error function which shows rate of deviation of these two metrics in presence of penalty regularization term reaches to its minimum value when values of the learning rate approach to the observed steepest gradient point. Values of the regularization or penalty term of the quantum scalar field has critical role to matching this two mentioned metric.
 Also we design an algorithm which helps us to find optimum value for learning parameter and at last we understand that loss function convergence heavily depends on the number of epochs and learning rate.
description: 28 pages, 1 table and 13 figures, extension with quintessence
Results of Monitoring the Dramatically Variable C IV Mini-BAL System in the Quasar HS 1603+3820
Creators: name: Misawa, Toru
name: Eracleous, Michael
name: Charlton, Jane C.
name: Kashikawa, Nobunari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present six new and two previously published high-resolution spectra of the quasar HS 1603+3820 (z_em = 2.542) taken over an interval of 4.2 years (1.2 years in the quasar rest frame). The observations were made with the High-Dispersion Spectrograph on the Subaru telescope and Medium-Resolution Spectrograph on the Hobby-Eberly Telescope. The purpose was to study the narrow absorption lines (NALs). We use time variability as well as coverage fraction analysis to separate intrinsic absorption lines, which are physically related to the quasar, from intervening absorption lines. By fitting models to the line profiles, we derive the parameters of the respective absorbers as a function of time. Only the mini-BAL system at z_abs ~ 2.43 (v_off ~ 9,500 km/s) shows both partial coverage and time variability, although two NAL systems possibly show evidence of partial coverage. We find that all the troughs of the mini-BAL system vary in concert and its total equivalent width variations resemble those of the coverage fraction. However, no other correlations are seen between the variations of different model parameters. Thus, the observed variations cannot be reproduced by a simple change of ionization state nor by motion of a homogeneous parcel of gas across the cylinder of sight. We propose that the observed variations are a result of rapid continuum fluctuations, coupled with coverage fraction fluctuations caused by a clumpy screen of variable optical depth located between the continuum source and the mini-BAL gas. An alternative explanation is that the observed partial coverage signature is the result of scattering of continuum photons around the absorber, thus the equivalent width of the mini-BAL can vary as the intensity of the scattered continuum changes.
description: 29 pages, including 17 figures; accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
The VVAD-LRS3 Dataset for Visual Voice Activity Detection
Creators: name: Lubitz, Adrian
name: Valdenegro-Toro, Matias
name: Kirchner, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Robots are becoming everyday devices, increasing their interaction with humans. To make human-machine interaction more natural, cognitive features like Visual Voice Activity Detection (VVAD), which can detect whether a person is speaking or not, given visual input of a camera, need to be implemented. Neural networks are state of the art for tasks in Image Processing, Time Series Prediction, Natural Language Processing and other domains. Those Networks require large quantities of labeled data. Currently there are not many datasets for the task of VVAD. In this work we created a large scale dataset called the VVAD-LRS3 dataset, derived by automatic annotations from the LRS3 dataset. The VVAD-LRS3 dataset contains over 44K samples, over three times the next competitive dataset (WildVVAD). We evaluate different baselines on four kinds of features: facial and lip images, and facial and lip landmark features. With a Convolutional Neural Network Long Short Term Memory (CNN LSTM) on facial images an accuracy of 92% was reached on the test set. A study with humans showed that they reach an accuracy of 87.93% on the test set.
A Survey on Deep Learning-based Architectures for Semantic Segmentation on 2D images
Creators: name: Ulku, Irem
name: Akagunduz, Erdem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Semantic segmentation is the pixel-wise labelling of an image. Since the problem is defined at the pixel level, determining image class labels only is not acceptable, but localising them at the original image pixel resolution is necessary. Boosted by the extraordinary ability of convolutional neural networks (CNN) in creating semantic, high level and hierarchical image features; several deep learning-based 2D semantic segmentation approaches have been proposed within the last decade. In this survey, we mainly focus on the recent scientific developments in semantic segmentation, specifically on deep learning-based methods using 2D images. We started with an analysis of the public image sets and leaderboards for 2D semantic segmentation, with an overview of the techniques employed in performance evaluation. In examining the evolution of the field, we chronologically categorised the approaches into three main periods, namely pre-and early deep learning era, the fully convolutional era, and the post-FCN era. We technically analysed the solutions put forward in terms of solving the fundamental problems of the field, such as fine-grained localisation and scale invariance. Before drawing our conclusions, we present a table of methods from all mentioned eras, with a summary of each approach that explains their contribution to the field. We conclude the survey by discussing the current challenges of the field and to what extent they have been solved.
description: published in the J. of Applied Artificial Intelligence (09 Feb 2022)
Some management aspects of pre-recruitment ecology of the freshwater sardine Limnothrissa miodon in Lake Kariba
Creators: name: Mtsambiwa, Morris Zororai
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The early life history of the freshwater sardine Limnothrissa miodon (Boulenger, 1906) was investigated with the view of establishing the factors behind recruitment variability in the Lake Kariba sardine fishery. Environmental factors behind recruitment variability were investigated through the examination of otolith microstructure from field captured sardine larvae samples while historical length-frequency data were analysed to establish size-at-recruitment. The larval ecology study established that food was the only possible limiting factor as far as growth and survival are concerned. Growth was described by the von Bertalanffy Growth Function while instantaneous mortality rates were obtained from catch curve analysis and both estimates were observed to fluctuate from month to month. The presence of larvae in the littoral zone through the sampling period implied continuous recruitment while fluctuation in larval catches was assumed to indicate that recruitment variability was probably established at an earlier life history stage. Response of larvae to light during capture has serious management implications to the fishery in that fishing in shallow areas would result in increased larval mortality which could be detrimental to recruitment. The occurrence of larvae in most of the shoreline sampled implies that Limnothrissa miodon in Lake Kariba utilizes most of the shoreline as nursery grounds. From analysis of combined historical commercial data collected from both Zambia and Zimbabwe from 1982 to 1992, it was observed that the sardine recruited to the fishery at 41 mm in length and that based on regression analysis, the mean size of fish in the fishery has decreased by 7% and 4% in Zambia and Zimbabwe respectively. This reduction in size however, does not pose a threat to the fishery since at the current mean size in the catch is greater than the recorded size-at-maturity. The fish therefore have a chances of spawning at least once before being harvested. It was further established that due to migration to the pelagic zone as the fish grew larger, the current minimum mesh size of 8 mm was appropriate provided fishing was restricted to areas deeper than 15 m where the adult population occurs.
Spontaneous Partial Breaking of N=2 Supersymmetry and the U(N) Gauge Model
Creators: name: Fujiwara, Kazuhito
name: Itoyama, Hiroshi
name: Sakaguchi, Makoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We briefly review the properties of the N=2 U(N) gauge model with/without matters. On the vacua, N=2 supersymmetry and the gauge symmetry are spontaneously broken to N=1 and a product gauge group, respectively. The masses of the supermultiplets appearing on the N=1 vacua are given. We also discuss the relation to the matrix model.
description: 4 pages, contributions to 14th International Conference on Supersymmetry and the Unification of Fundamental Interactions (SUSY06), Irvine, California, USA, 12-17 June 2006, and MSJ-IHES Joint Workshop on Noncommutativity, Bures-sur-Yvette, France, 15-18 November 2006
Wavepacket Modelling of Broadband Shock-Associated Noise in Supersonic Jets
Creators: name: Wong, Marcus H.
name: Jordan, Peter
name: Maia, Igor A.
name: Cavalieri, André V. G.
name: Kirby, Rhiannon
name: Fava, Thales C. L.
name: Edgington-Mitchell, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a two-point model to investigate the underlying source mechanisms for broadband shock-associated noise (BBSAN) in shock-containing supersonic jets. In the model presented, the generation of BBSAN is assumed to arise from the non-linear interaction between downstream-propagating coherent structures with the quasi-periodic shock cells in the jet plume. The turbulent perturbations are represented as axially-extended wavepackets and the shock cells are modelled as a set of stationary waveguide modes. Unlike previous BBSAN models, the physical parameters describing the hydrodynamic components are not scaled using the acoustic field. Instead, the characteristics of both the turbulent and shock components are educed from large-eddy simulation and particle image velocimetry datasets. Apart from using extracted data, a reduced-order description of the wavepacket structure is obtained using parabolised stability equations (PSE). The validity of the model is tested by comparing far-field sound pressure level predictions to azimuthally-decomposed experimental acoustic data from a cold Mach 1.5 underexpanded jet. At polar angles and frequencies where BBSAN dominates, good agreement in spectral shape and sound amplitude is observed for the first three azimuthal modes. Encouraging comparisons of the radiated noise spectra, in both frequency and amplitude, reinforce the suitability of using reduced-order linear wavepacket sources for predicting BBSAN peaks. On the other hand, the mismatch in sound amplitude at interpeak frequencies reveals the role of wavepacket jitter in the underlying sound generating mechanism.
description: 37 pages, 16 figures. Submitted to JFM