cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ab initio results for the plasmon dispersion and damping of the warm dense electron gas
Creators: name: Hamann, Paul
name: Vorberger, Jan
name: Dornheim, Tobias
name: Moldabekov, Zhandos
name: Bonitz, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Warm dense matter (WDM) is an exotic state on the border between condensed matter and dense plasmas. Important occurrences of WDM include dense astrophysical objects, matter in the core of our Earth, as well as matter produced in strong compression experiments. As of late, x-ray Thomson scattering has become an advanced tool to diagnose WDM. The interpretation of the data requires model input for the dynamic structure factor $S(q,ω)$ and the plasmon dispersion $ω(q)$. Recently the first \textit{ab initio} results for $S(q,ω)$ of the homogeneous warm dense electron gas were obtained from path integral Monte Carlo simulations, [Dornheim \textit{et al.}, Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{121}, 255001 (2018)]. Here, we analyse the effects of correlations and finite temperature on the dynamic dielectric function and the plasmon dispersion. Our results for the plasmon dispersion and damping differ significantly from the random phase approximation and from earlier models of the correlated electron gas. Moreover, we show when commonly used weak damping approximations break down and how the method of complex zeros of the dielectric function can solve this problem for WDM conditions.
Local tetragonal distortion in La_{0.7}Sr_{0.3}MnO_3 strained thin films probed by x-ray absorption spectroscopy
Creators: name: Souza-Neto, Narcizo M.
name: Ramos, Aline Y.
name: Tolentino, Hélio C. N.
name: Favre-Nicolin, Emmanuel
name: Ranno, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on an angular resolved X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy study of $La_{0.7}Sr_{0.3}MnO_{3}$ thin films epitaxially grown by pulsed laser deposition on slightly mismatched substrates which induce tensile or compressive strains. XANES spectra give evidence of tetragonal distortion within the $MnO_{6}$ octahedra, with opposite directions for tensile and compressive strains. Quantitative analysis has been done and a model of tetragonal distortion reflecting the strain has been established. EXAFS data collected in plane for tensile substrate confirm the change in the $Mn-O$ average bond distance and the increase of $Mn-Mn$ length matching with the enlargement of the cell parameter. From these results we conclude that there is no significant change in the $Mn-O-Mn$ angle. Our observations conflict with the scenarios which this angle is the main driving parameter in the sensitivity of manganite films properties to external strains and suggest that the distortion within the octahedra plays a key role in the modification of the transport and magnetic properties.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Horizontal coordination and free-riding in a group of certified organic crop growers: An empirical study of the Ezemvelo Farmers’ Organization in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Creators: name: Gadzikwa, Lawrence
name: Lyne, Michael C.
name: Hendriks, Sheryl L.
name: Gadzikwa, Lawrence
name: Lyne, Michael C.
name: Hendriks, Sheryl L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Smallholders
subject: organic crops
subject: collective marketing
subject: free-riding

description: This study investigated the prevalence and determinants of free-riding in the Ezemvelo Farmers’ Organization (EFO), a group of certified organic crop growers in South Africa, using data gathered in a census survey of its 151 partially and fully certified members. The computed free-riding index scores suggested that free-riding posed a serious threat to the group’s collective marketing efforts. Regression analysis showed that members who were male, poorly educated, aware of loopholes in the grading system, and who did not trust the buyer, were more likely to free-ride. In the longer term, the EFO should address institutionalized free-riding by issuing tradable ownership rights. In the short term, it must engage with the packhouse (buyer) to remove flaws in the grading process that conceal the origin of low quality produce. Transparent and mediated negotiations leading to an incentive compliant contract with the buyer may also help to build trust and reduce free-riding within the EFO.
Single-shot decoding of good quantum LDPC codes
Creators: name: Gu, Shouzhen
name: Tang, Eugene
name: Caha, Libor
name: Choe, Shin Ho
name: He, Zhiyang
name: Kubica, Aleksander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Quantum Tanner codes constitute a family of quantum low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes with good parameters, i.e., constant encoding rate and relative distance. In this article, we prove that quantum Tanner codes also facilitate single-shot quantum error correction (QEC) of adversarial noise, where one measurement round (consisting of constant-weight parity checks) suffices to perform reliable QEC even in the presence of measurement errors. We establish this result for both the sequential and parallel decoding algorithms introduced by Leverrier and Zémor. Furthermore, we show that in order to suppress errors over multiple repeated rounds of QEC, it suffices to run the parallel decoding algorithm for constant time in each round. Combined with good code parameters, the resulting constant-time overhead of QEC and robustness to (possibly time-correlated) adversarial noise make quantum Tanner codes alluring from the perspective of quantum fault-tolerant protocols.
description: 36 pages, 3 figures, accepted in Communications in Mathematical Physics
textul rau.pdf
Creators: name: Vasiliu, Codrin Dinu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: 220307 Hermeneutic and Critical Theory

description: „Textul rău”, ca subiect în discuţia noastră de astăzi, reprezintă o temă nonşalantă. Trimiterile sunt aici lipsite de orice acurateţe. O titulatură precum aceasta te solicită şi te expediază în acelaşi timp. Pentru că, la prima vedere, tema textului rău transformă şi distribuie instituţia semnelor în dreptul fiecăruia dintre registrele demonicului. Pervers, crud, mincinos, artificial, prost, defectuos, naiv, strigător sunt doar câteva dintre denumirile textului interzis sau refuzat.
Thermal Stability of Superconductors
Creators: name: Szeftel, Jacob
name: Sandeau, Nicolas
name: Ghantous, Michel Abou
name: El-Saba, Muhammad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A stability criterion is worked out for the superconducting phase. The validity of a prerequisite, established previously for persistent currents, is thereby confirmed. Temperature dependence is given for the specific heat and concentration of superconducting electrons in the vicinity of the critical temperature $T_c$. The isotope effect, mediated by electron-phonon interaction and hyperfine coupling, is analyzed. Several experiments, intended at validating this analysis, are presented, including one giving access to the specific heat of high-$T_c$ compounds.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
Load-sensitive adaptive routing (LSAR) for computer networks
Creators: name: Wang, Hao
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Shortest Path First (SPF) routing protocols such as OSPF and IS-IS are the dominant intradomain Internet routing protocols nowadays, and are widely used in the Internet Service Provider (ISP) backbone networks. The weights, or the lengths, of the links in an OSPF/IS-IS network are set by the network operator and usually are not changed during the network operation. The packets are routed along the shortest paths from the sources to the destinations. The paths between the origin and destination pairs are fixed regardless of the traffic load changes, since the weights of the links are predetermined. The objective of this thesis is to investigate a way of adapting the weights in SPF routing, such as OSPF and IS-IS, in real-time dynamically according to the traffic loads of the links and to evaluate its performance over non-adaptive routing. The feedback effect and the stability issue of adaptive routing are studied from a control point of view, and the analysis shows why Minimal-Delay Adaptive Routing in the early ARPANET is not stable and what can be done to make adaptive routing stable. The thesis presents a routing algorithm, Load-Sensitive Adaptive Routing (LSAR), which keeps the traffic balancing ability of adaptive routing and avoids the undesirable unstable behavior at the same time. Finally, the performance of LSAR is tested in simulations. The simulation software used is Network Simulator 2 (ns2). The result shows that, compared with non-adaptive OSPF/IS-IS routing, LSAR improves the network throughput and reduces the packet drop rate significantly, and does not show unstable behavior under either light or heavy traffic load.
Investing in agrochemicals in the cocoa sector of Côte d’Ivoire: Hypotheses, evidence and policy implications
Creators: name: Nkamleu, Guy Blaise
name: Keho, Yaya
name: Gockowski, James
name: David, Soniia
name: Nkamleu, Guy Blaise
name: Keho, Yaya
name: Gockowski, James
name: David, Soniia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Chemical input
subject: Tobit model
subject: Cocoa sector
subject: Socioeconomic factors
subject: Côte d’Ivoire

description: This paper presents empirical evidence to show how socioeconomic factors affect the adoption of and investment in agrochemicals in the cocoa sector of Côte d’Ivoire. The analysis uses primary farm-level data collected in 2002 from a nationally representative sample of more than one thousand cocoa farmers. The study describes the status of the adoption of various chemical inputs and uses a multiplicative heteroscedastic Tobit model to identify and quantify the impact of the socioeconomic environment on the incentive to invest. The results generally show that farmer, household and village characteristics are all important in explaining the farmers’ decisions. The paper concludes by outlining a number of implications for strategic targeting of farmers and locations. These should serve as entry points for a successful diffusion of efficient pest, disease and soil management programs.
Macroscopic coherence effects in a mesoscopic system: Weak localization of thin silver films in an undergraduate lab
Creators: name: Beyer, A. D.
name: Koesters, M.
name: Libbrecht, K. G.
name: Black, E. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an undergraduate lab that investigates weak localization in thin silver films. The films prepared in our lab have thickness, $a$, between 60-200 Å, a mesoscopic length scale. At low temperatures, the inelastic dephasing length for electrons, $L_ϕ$, exceeds the thickness of the film ($L_ϕ \gg a$), and the films are then quasi-2D in nature. In this situation, theory predicts specific corrections to the Drude conductivity due to coherent interference between conducting electrons' wavefunctions, a macroscopically observable effect known as weak localization. This correction can be destroyed with the application of a magnetic field, and the resulting magnetoresistance curve provides information about electron transport in the film. This lab is suitable for Junior or Senior level students in an advanced undergraduate lab course.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures. Replaces earlier version of paper rejected by Am. J. Phys. because of too much content on vacuum systems. New version deals with the undergraduate experiment on weak localization only
Giant ratchet magneto-photocurrent in graphene lateral superlattices
Creators: name: Hubmann, S.
name: Bel'kov, V. V.
name: Golub, L. E.
name: Kachorovskii, V. Yu.
name: Drienovsky, M.
name: Eroms, J.
name: Weiss, D.
name: Ganichev, S. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the observation of the magnetic quantum ratchet effect in graphene with a lateral dual-grating top gate (DGG) superlattice. We show that the THz ratchet current exhibits sign-alternating magneto-oscillations due to the Shubnikov-de Haas effect. The amplitude of these oscillations is greatly enhanced as compared to the ratchet effect at zero magnetic field. The direction of the current is determined by the lateral asymmetry which can be controlled by variation of gate potentials in DGG. We also study the dependence of the ratchet current on the orientation of the terahertz electric field (for linear polarization) and on the radiation helicity (for circular polarization). Notably, in the latter case, switching from right- to left-circularly polarized radiation results in an inversion of the photocurrent direction. We demonstrate that most of our observations can be well fitted by the drift-diffusion approximation based on the Boltzmann kinetic equation with the Landau quantization fully encoded in the oscillations of the density of states.
Search for CP Violation in Charged-Xi and Lambda Hyperon Decays
Creators: name: HyperCP Collaboration
name: Holmstrom, T.
name: Leros, N.
name: Burnstein, R. A.
name: Chakravorty, A.
name: Chan, A.
name: Chen, Y. C.
name: Choong, W. S.
name: Clark, K.
name: Dukes, E. C.
name: Durandet, C.
name: Felix, J.
name: Fu, Y.
name: Gidal, G.
name: Gu, P.
name: Gustafson, H. R.
name: Ho, C.
name: Huang, M.
name: James, C.
name: Jenkins, C. M.
name: Jones, T.
name: Kaplan, D. M.
name: Lederman, L. M.
name: Longo, M. J.
name: Lopez, F.
name: Lu, L. C.
name: Luebke, W.
name: Luk, K. B.
name: Nelson, K. S.
name: Park, H. K.
name: Perroud, J. P.
name: Rajaram, D.
name: Rubin, H. A.
name: Teng, P. K.
name: Volk, J.
name: White, C. G.
name: White, S. L.
name: Zyla, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have compared the proton and antiproton angular distributions in 117 million Xi-minus -> Lambda + pi-minus -> proton + pi-minus + pi-minus and 41 million anti-Xi-minus -> anti-Lamba + pi-plus -> antiproton + pi-plus + pi-plus decays using a subset of the data from the HyperCP experiment (E871) at Fermilab. We find no evidence of CP violation, with the direct-CP-violating parameter $A_{ΞΛ} = \frac{α_Ξα_Λ - \barα_Ξ\barα_Λ}{α_Ξα_Λ + \barα_Ξ\barα_Λ} = [0.0+/-5.1(stat)+/-4.4(syst)]{\times}10^{-4}$.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. Lett
Textul lui DA.pdf
Creators: name: Vasiliu, Codrin Dinu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 220210 History of Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Philosophy
subject: 220307 Hermeneutic and Critical Theory

description: Dacă este să urmărim din nou cu degetul, observăm cum Irene Stanislas, fiu al Epiphaniei[1] şi al lui Jackot mulatrul, ajutat de Joseph, face uz de întreaga sa pricepere pentru a scoate din apă prada unei zile de pescuit. Se dovedeşte, însă, că, legaţi de firul său, patru rechini (unu, doi, trei, patru, în ordinea numărătorii) nu reprezentă deznodământul, ci, dimpotrivă, trimiterea pentru monstrul aflat la capăt, „antecamera referenţială” a unui secret prea greu de suportat şi eliberat, ca atare, în adâncurile din care apăruse pentru o clipă.[2] Într-o scriitură solemnă, fragmentul aminteşte aici de orice pescar, de fiecare dintre pescarii posibili, cu mărunta completare că la sfârşitul vânătorii privesc ochii monstrului care se află, întotdeauna, la capăt. Atât şi doar atât, fără nici o continuare. Până şi textul lui Patrick Chamoiseau trece mai departe fără să facă prea mult caz de acest eveniment mărunt.
 [1] Irene şi Epiphania sunt, poate, aici două nume cu totul întâmplătoare, lipsite de orice terminologie. [2] Acest ultim animal submarin pendulează între o notă horror şi una profetică. Ochi săi mici sunt atât ai groazei, cât şi ai secretului. Acest text ar putea constitui un interesant suport şi pentru a hermeneutică a ochiului. ...
New York Times Upshot/Siena College: October 2018 Virginia 02 Poll
Creators: name: New York Times
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: Likelihood of voting in 2018 election (2); opinion of various public figures (2); Virginia Congressional District 02 (1); Democratic Candidate Elaine Luria (1); Republican Candidate Scott Taylor (1); vote for Democrat/Republican for Congress (1); respondent would like Democrats/Republicans to control House of Representatives (1); President Donald Trump approval (1); support/oppose various political positions (4).
Efficient decoding up to a constant fraction of the code length for asymptotically good quantum codes
Creators: name: Leverrier, Anthony
name: Zémor, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce and analyse an efficient decoder for the quantum Tanner codes of that can correct adversarial errors of linear weight. Previous decoders for quantum low-density parity-check codes could only handle adversarial errors of weight $O(\sqrt{n \log n})$. We also work on the link between quantum Tanner codes and the Lifted Product codes of Panteleev and Kalachev, and show that our decoder can be adapted to the latter. The decoding algorithm alternates between sequential and parallel procedures and converges in linear time.
description: 43 pages
Lattice-Based Quantum Advantage from Rotated Measurements
Creators: name: Alnawakhtha, Yusuf
name: Mantri, Atul
name: Miller, Carl A.
name: Wang, Daochen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Trapdoor claw-free functions (TCFs) are immensely valuable in cryptographic interactions between a classical client and a quantum server. Typically, a protocol has the quantum server prepare a superposition of two-bit strings of a claw and then measure it using Pauli-$X$ or $Z$ measurements. In this paper, we demonstrate a new technique that uses the entire range of qubit measurements from the $XY$-plane. We show the advantage of this approach in two applications. First, building on (Brakerski et al. 2018, Kalai et al. 2022), we show an optimized two-round proof of quantumness whose security can be expressed directly in terms of the hardness of the LWE (learning with errors) problem. Second, we construct a one-round protocol for blind remote preparation of an arbitrary state on the $XY$-plane up to a Pauli-$Z$ correction.
description: 36 pages. v2: added a future directions section and changed the formatting of the paper. v3: Quantum journal version
Riemann-Hilbert correspondence and blown up surface defects
Creators: name: Jeong, Saebyeok
name: Nekrasov, Nikita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The relationship of two dimensional quantum field theory and isomonodromic deformations of Fuchsian systems has a long history. Recently four-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=2$ gauge theories joined the party in a multitude of roles. In this paper we study the vacuum expectation values of intersecting half-BPS surface defects in $SU(2)$ theory with $N_f=4$ fundamental hypermultiplets. We show they form a horizontal section of a Fuchsian system on a sphere with $5$ regular singularities, calculate the monodromy, and define the associated isomonodromic tau-function. Using the blowup formula in the presence of half-BPS surface defects, initiated in the companion paper, we obtain the GIL formula, establishing an unexpected relation of the topological string/free fermion regime of supersymmetric gauge theory to classical integrability.
description: 94 pages; v2. references added, published version
The impact of distant fly-bys on the rate of binary primordial black hole mergers
Creators: name: Young, Sam
name: Hamers, Adrian S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By performing Monte Carlo simulations of the evolution of binary primordial black hole (PBH) systems, we estimate the effect of distant encounters with single PBHs upon the coalescence time and merger rate of binary PBHs. We find that, for models where PBHs compose a large fraction of dark matter, $f_\mathrm{PBH}\sim 1$, the expected fractional change in coalescence time is negligible, of order $10^{-6}$ for most binaries. For models with significantly lower PBH abundances, $f_\mathrm{PBH}\ll 1$, we find that the average change in binary lifetime due to encounters can be as large as $\mathcal{O}(10^{-2})$, with a small number of binaries experiencing an order unity change in lifetime. In the absence of encounters, we also compare the use of an analytic approximation for the coalescence time to numerically evolving the binary system, finding that the analytic approximation results in an order $10\%$ error in the coalescence time. However, when these effects are taken into consideration, there is a negligible change to the calculated merger rate, placing previous constraints on the PBH abundance arising from observed gravitational wave signals from merging binary black holes on a more secure footing.
description: 26 pages, 7 figures. V2: Updated to match the published version
AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF CLIMATE CHANGE EFFECTS AND AGRICULTURE VULNERABILITY
Creators: name: Singh, Mahesh Kumar
name: Dobo, Erika
name: Singh, Mahesh Kumar
name: Dobo, Erika
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: climate change
subject: vulnerability
subject: adaptivity
subject: food security
subject: stress

description: This review describes that due to rapid globalization, vulnerability in different areas affects human life. With rapid population growth, securing the inherent vulnerability of this relationship, whether social, economic, or environmental, has to be central to efforts to achieving sustainable development. The vulnerability of agricultural systems varies with geographic location, time, socioeconomic conditions, and environmental resources. The capacity to mitigate and to adapt to climate-change impacts is strongly related to the future development paths. The socioeconomic and, even more so, the technological characteristics of different futures strongly affect emissions, hence the extent and pace of the impacts of climate change, as well as the capability of societies to adapt to and mitigate climate change. The presented review gives a brief idea about empirical analysis of climate change and agricultural vulnerability and how it affects human life.
Instanton-inspired Model of QCD Phase Transition and Bubble Dynamics
Creators: name: Ji, Chueng-Ryong
name: Kang, Gungwon
name: Lee, Jungjai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have reinvestigated the collision of gluonic bubbles in a SU(2) model of QCD which was studied by Johnson, Choi and Kisslinger in the context of the instanton-inspired model of QCD phase transition bubbles with plane wave approximation. We discuss treacherous points of the instanton-inspired model that cause the violation of causality due to the presence of imaginary gluon fields. By constructing a new slightly modified Lorentzian model where we have three independent real gluon fields, we reanalyzed the process of bubble collisions. Our numerical results show some indication of forming a bubble wall in colliding region.
description: 19 pages, 32 figures
Optical frequency combs in quadratically nonlinear resonators
Creators: name: Ricciardi, I.
name: Mosca, S.
name: Parisi, M.
name: Leo, F.
name: Hansson, T.
name: Erkintalo, M.
name: Maddaloni, P.
name: De Natale, P.
name: Wabnitz, S.
name: De Rosa, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical frequency combs are one of the most remarkable inventions of the last decades. Originally conceived as the spectral counterpart of the train of short pulses emitted by mode-locked lasers, frequency combs have also been subsequently generated in continuously pumped microresonators, through third-order parametric processes. Quite recently, direct generation of optical frequency combs has been demonstrated in continuous-wave laser-pumped optical resonators with a second-order nonlinear medium inside. Here, we presents a concise introduction to such quadratic combs and the physical mechanism that underlies their formation. We mainly review our recent experimental and theoretical work on formation and dynamics of such quadratic frequency combs. We experimentally demonstrated comb generation in two configurations: a cavity for second harmonic generation, where combs are generated both around the pump frequency and its second harmonic, and a degenerate optical parametric oscillator, where combs are generated around the pump frequency and its sub-harmonic. The experiments have been supported by a thorough theoretical analysis, aimed at modelling the dynamics of quadratic combs, both in frequency and time domains, providing useful insights into the physics of this new class of optical frequency comb synthesizers. Quadratic combs establish a new class of efficient frequency comb synthesizers, with unique features, which could enable straightforward access to new spectral regions and stimulate novel applications.
METHODS OF CALCULATING THE COSTS IN THE ROMANIAN MINING ENTERPRISES
Creators: name: Trifoi, Ion Gigi
name: Dumbrava, Partenie
name: Trifoi, Ion Gigi
name: Dumbrava, Partenie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: costs
subject: methods
subject: direct costs
subject: gross contribution
subject: THM

description: Determining the cost-bearers takes place according to the physical form of the production and the requirements of the calculation method. In this sense, we could choose between the synthetic calculation methods using a single expense-bearer and analytical calculation methods implying the utilization of two or more expense-bearers and able to provide several necessary information for the economic-financial analysis of the enterprise in the purpose of fundamentinf economic decisions to be made by the operative leadership of the enterprise. As stated above, we can also mention the expenditure sectors that serve the analytical character of programming and of following the expenses related to the production capacity of the enterprise. At determining expenses sectors, we will take into account: the number of departments and workshops in the enterprise, their size, the necessary production and responsability centers, as well as the informational needs regarding the expenses of the technical-productive departments of the enterprise according to the manufactured production. According to the pursued objectives, calculation methods can be grouped into two categories - calculation methods with a single objective and determining the unitary cost: the phase method, the order method, G.P. method, the global method; - the calculation method that follow and other objectives necessary to the management of costs: the direct-costing method, the normal cost method, T.H.M method, pre-cost method. The enforcement of a calculation method in the mining industry has to take into account its integration into the field of the mining enterprise and the accomplishment of the requirements of a modern informational cost system, able to answer at any time to the continuous pressure exerted by the external factors of the enterprise.
Test of Quantumness with Small-Depth Quantum Circuits
Creators: name: Hirahara, Shuichi
name: Gall, François Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently Brakerski, Christiano, Mahadev, Vazirani and Vidick (FOCS 2018) have shown how to construct a test of quantumness based on the learning with errors (LWE) assumption: a test that can be solved efficiently by a quantum computer but cannot be solved by a classical polynomial-time computer under the LWE assumption. This test has lead to several cryptographic applications. In particular, it has been applied to producing certifiable randomness from a single untrusted quantum device, self-testing a single quantum device and device-independent quantum key distribution. In this paper, we show that this test of quantumness, and essentially all the above applications, can actually be implemented by a very weak class of quantum circuits: constant-depth quantum circuits combined with logarithmic-depth classical computation. This reveals novel complexity-theoretic properties of this fundamental test of quantumness and gives new concrete evidence of the superiority of small-depth quantum circuits over classical computation.
description: 15 pages
High-pressure transport properties of CeRu_2Ge_2
Creators: name: Wilhelm, H.
name: Jaccard, D.
name: Zlatic, V.
name: Monnier, R.
name: Delley, B.
name: Coqblin, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pressure-induced changes in the temperature-dependent thermopower S(T) and electrical resistivity ρ(T) of CeRu_2Ge_2 are described within the single-site Anderson model. The Ce-ions are treated as impurities and the coherent scattering on different Ce-sites is neglected. Changing the hybridisation Γbetween the 4f-states and the conduction band accounts for the pressure effect. The transport coefficients are calculated in the non-crossing approximation above the phase boundary line. The theoretical S(T) and ρ(T) curves show many features of the experimental data. The seemingly complicated temperature dependence of S(T) and ρ(T), and their evolution as a function of pressure, is related to the crossovers between various fixed points of the model.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures
The gravitational wave spectrum of non-axisymmetric, freely precessing neutron stars
Creators: name: Broeck, Chris Van Den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Evidence for free precession has been observed in the radio signature of several pulsars. Freely precessing pulsars radiate gravitationally at frequencies near the rotation rate and twice the rotation rate, which for rotation frequencies greater than $\sim 10$ Hz is in the LIGO band. In older work, the gravitational wave spectrum of a precessing neutron star has been evaluated to first order in a small precession angle. Here we calculate the contributions to second order in the wobble angle, and we find that a new spectral line emerges. We show that for reasonable wobble angles, the second-order line may well be observable with the proposed advanced LIGO detector for precessing neutron stars as far away as the galactic center. Observation of the full second-order spectrum permits a direct measurement of the star's wobble angle, oblateness, and deviation from axisymmetry, with the potential to significantly increase our understanding of neutron star structure.
description: 22 pages, 1 figure. Minor changes in the text, typos corrected
VENTURE CAPITAL AND THE INCUBATION OF SMALL ENTERPRISES
Creators: name: Bajmoczy, Zoltan
name: Kosztopulosz, Andreasz
name: Imreh, Szabolcs
name: Bajmoczy, Zoltan
name: Kosztopulosz, Andreasz
name: Imreh, Szabolcs
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Financial Economics
subject: business incubation
subject: corporate business incubation
subject: knowledge and capital gap
subject: V2C (venture to capital)

description: The present paper has reviewed the potential interpretations of the incubation process and examined in detail the basic types of corporate incubators having an increasing role in everyday practice together with the main objectives of the different types. We have also mapped how the different types of enterprises can join the incubation process and highlighted that for-profit organisations can also play a significant role within financing solutions. We made an attempt to prove that – under adequate conditions – the cooperation of private capital and incubators is suitable for creating a bridge over the equity and knowledge gap, which means that such co-operations can also have significant economic development effects. Incubators operating on such bases can support small and medium-sized enterprises not only by offering financial and professional help. Experience has shown that the incubation process can be "naturally accompanied” by the initiation of a networking process, the advantages of which can also be used by the companies participating in incubation. After examining the special features related to the operation of corporate incubators –which served to set the logical frames of the analysis – we studied in detail what role the state can assume in such type of incubation. Following some theoretical considerations and an analysis of successful and failed practical examples we reached the conclusion that governmental interventions „can have their place” in this process. Since there are various different ways for the development of incubators, the types of roles taken by the state can also differ. A model was developed in which we summarized potential governmental strategies, also discussing the possible effects on the players of the incubation industry. We are convinced that the analysis of this highly new and dynamically developing area may also lead to conclusions that can be applied in practice and the recognition of defined rules and laws may contribute to the improvement of the national practice.
MODIFICATION OF THE CONCEPT OF COMPETITIVENESS WITH SPECIAL REGARD TO THE DEMAND EMERGING NOWDAYS ON COOPERATION
Creators: name: Hurta, Hilda
name: Hurta, Hilda
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: competitiveness
subject: cooperation

description: What is the activating force that organizes economic affairs? The social side of human nature means that competition alone is not sufficient because competition is the expression of human individuality. Cooperation, which gives expression to human sociality, is the other one. Reality provides many examples indicating that people are more cooperative than is assumed in the standard self-interest model. In the last twenty years the academic view has changed about whether we should compete or cooperate for the higher competitiveness. In the eighties they supported the opinion that the competition is the only way to achieve success in business. Later on the argument started on competition vs. cooperation, and they realized that in some situation the competition, while in others the cooperation is efficient. In the same period the two definitions have changed as well. Different writers defined competition and cooperation variously according to their research’ approach. The study examined competition and cooperation separately, but there exist a new notion, according to which different independent partners can cooperate and compete at the same time with each other. So the opposite approaches can be fused, that is coopetition. Coopetition is a very popular solution for the present complex problems. But according to the everyday people it is not sure, that "working with the enemy” can run.
Additional file 9 of Photosynthetic performance and photosynthesis-related gene expression coordinated in a shade-tolerant species Panax notoginseng under nitrogen regimes
Creators: name: Zhang, Jin-Yan
name: Cun, Zhu
name: Chen, Jun-Wen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 9: Figure S8. Melt curve of 19 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and house-keeping gene (Actin).
K-Causal Structure of Space-Time in General Relativity
Creators: name: Janardhan, Sujatha
name: Saraykar, R. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using K-causal relation introduced by Sorkin and Woolgar [26], we gener- alize results of Garcia-Parrado and Senovilla [8, 9] on causal maps. We also introduce causality conditions with respect to K-causality which are analogous to those in classical causality theory and prove their inter relationships. We introduce a new causality condition following the work of Bombelli and Noldus [3] and show that this condition lies in between global hyperbolicity and causal simplicity. This approach is simpler and more general as compared to traditional causal approach [11, 19] and it has been used by Penrose et.al [20] in giving a new proof of positivity of mass theorem. C^0 space-time structures arise in many mathematical and physical situations like conical singularities, discontinuous matter distributions, phenomena of topology-change in quantum field theory etc.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
The Effect of EU's Common Agricultural Policy at the Regional Level: Distribution, Development and Revenue Stabilisation
Creators: name: Elsholz, Rudiger
name: Hansen, Heiko
name: Elsholz, Rudiger
name: Hansen, Heiko
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Common agricultural policy
subject: Regional support
subject: Revenue stabilisation

description: The aim of this paper is threefold. Firstly, we investigate the regional distribution of support of EU’s Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). Secondly, we employ structural data of the regions to calculate average farm revenue and to show how support and income has developed over time. Thirdly, we analyse the stabilisation effect generated by these transfers. This is investigated for the market price support, the first pillar payments and one agrienvironmental program. New contributions to the literature are the use of community data and the inclusion of a second-pillar program. The results show that there is an overall stabilisation effect of the EU’s CAP but this effect is not equal for all regions.
The Indian Pulsar Timing Array: First data release
Creators: name: Tarafdar, Pratik
name: K., Nobleson
name: Rana, Prerna
name: Singha, Jaikhomba
name: Krishnakumar, M. A.
name: Joshi, Bhal Chandra
name: Paladi, Avinash Kumar
name: Kolhe, Neel
name: Batra, Neelam Dhanda
name: Agarwal, Nikita
name: Bathula, Adarsh
name: Dandapat, Subhajit
name: Desai, Shantanu
name: Dey, Lankeswar
name: Hisano, Shinnosuke
name: Ingale, Prathamesh
name: Kato, Ryo
name: Kharbanda, Divyansh
name: Kikunaga, Tomonosuke
name: Marmat, Piyush
name: Pandian, B. Arul
name: Prabu, T.
name: Srivastava, Aman
name: Surnis, Mayuresh
name: Susarla, Sai Chaitanya
name: Susobhanan, Abhimanyu
name: Takahashi, Keitaro
name: Arumugam, P.
name: Bagchi, Manjari
name: Banik, Sarmistha
name: De, Kishalay
name: Girgaonkar, Raghav
name: Gopakumar, A.
name: Gupta, Yashwant
name: Maan, Yogesh
name: Manoharan, P. K.
name: Naidu, Arun
name: Pathak, Dhruv
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the pulse arrival times and high-precision dispersion measure estimates for 14 millisecond pulsars observed simultaneously in the 300-500 MHz and 1260-1460 MHz frequency bands using the upgraded Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (uGMRT). The data spans over a baseline of 3.5 years (2018-2021), and is the first official data release made available by the Indian Pulsar Timing Array collaboration. This data release presents a unique opportunity for investigating the interstellar medium effects at low radio frequencies and their impact on the timing precision of pulsar timing array experiments. In addition to the dispersion measure time series and pulse arrival times obtained using both narrowband and wideband timing techniques, we also present the dispersion measure structure function analysis for selected pulsars. Our ongoing investigations regarding the frequency dependence of dispersion measures have been discussed. Based on the preliminary analysis for five millisecond pulsars, we do not find any conclusive evidence of chromaticity in dispersion measures. Data from regular simultaneous two-frequency observations are presented for the first time in this work. This distinctive feature leads us to the highest precision dispersion measure estimates obtained so far for a subset of our sample. Simultaneous multi-band uGMRT observations in Band 3 and Band 5 are crucial for high-precision dispersion measure estimation and for the prospect of expanding the overall frequency coverage upon the combination of data from the various Pulsar Timing Array consortia in the near future. Parts of the data presented in this work are expected to be incorporated into the upcoming third data release of the International Pulsar Timing Array.
description: 23 pages, 21 figures, 3 tables. Published in PASA
Quantum Advantage from One-Way Functions
Creators: name: Morimae, Tomoyuki
name: Yamakawa, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We demonstrate quantum advantage with several basic assumptions, specifically based on only the existence of OWFs. We introduce inefficient-verifier proofs of quantumness (IV-PoQ), and construct it from classical bit commitments. IV-PoQ is an interactive protocol between a verifier and a quantum prover consisting of two phases. In the first phase, the verifier is probabilistic polynomial-time, and it interacts with the prover. In the second phase, the verifier becomes inefficient, and makes its decision based on the transcript of the first phase. If the prover is honest, the inefficient verifier accepts with high probability, but any classical malicious prover only has a small probability of being accepted by the inefficient verifier. Our construction demonstrates the following results: (1)If one-way functions exist, then IV-PoQ exist. (2)If distributional collision-resistant hash functions exist (which exist if hard-on-average problems in $\mathbf{SZK}$ exist), then constant-round IV-PoQ exist. We also demonstrate quantum advantage based on worst-case-hard assumptions. We define auxiliary-input IV-PoQ (AI-IV-PoQ) that only require that for any malicious prover, there exist infinitely many auxiliary inputs under which the prover cannot cheat. We construct AI-IV-PoQ from an auxiliary-input version of commitments in a similar way, showing that (1)If auxiliary-input one-way functions exist (which exist if $\mathbf{CZK}\not\subseteq\mathbf{BPP}$), then AI-IV-PoQ exist. (2)If auxiliary-input collision-resistant hash functions exist (which is equivalent to $\mathbf{PWPP}\nsubseteq \mathbf{FBPP}$) or $\mathbf{SZK}\nsubseteq \mathbf{BPP}$, then constant-round AI-IV-PoQ exist.
description: 52pages
Additional file 7 of Photosynthetic performance and photosynthesis-related gene expression coordinated in a shade-tolerant species Panax notoginseng under nitrogen regimes
Creators: name: Zhang, Jin-Yan
name: Cun, Zhu
name: Chen, Jun-Wen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 7: Figure S6. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) participating in light reaction under varied nitrogen level. (a) MN vs LN and MN vs HN differential gene of photosynthesis pathway for samples of control group, the red box labeled for raising genes, green box labeled as the blue box labeled as there are raised and lowered genes at the same time, the box numbers for the number of the enzyme, suggests that the corresponding gene is associated with the enzyme, and the whole passage is there are many different forms through complex biochemical reactions, an enzyme that differences in genes associated with this pathway are marked by different color box. (b) The expression pattern of DEGs involved in photosynthesis pathway. Red indicates that the gene has a high expression in the nitrogen level; green indicates that the gene has a lower expression in the nitrogen level.
The decoupling of farm programs: Revisiting the wealth effect
Creators: name: Femenia, Fabienne
name: Gohin, Alexandre
name: Carpentier, Alain
name: Femenia, Fabienne
name: Gohin, Alexandre
name: Carpentier, Alain
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: agricultural policy
subject: decoupling
subject: wealth effect

description: Recent reforms of agricultural policies in developed countries introduced direct payments to the detriment of traditional production enhancing instruments. Whereas these new instruments can influence production through several effects, current empirical studies do not show any significant impact on production; direct payments mainly increase land values. In this article, we revisit the evaluation of the coupling effects passing through the wealth of agricultural households. The initial wealth of these agents, while being mainly in form of land asset holding, is always assumed to be fixed. On the contrary we show theoretically and empirically that, once the impact of farm programs on initial wealth is properly accounted for, the measure of the coupling effects is considerably increased for direct payments and more much marginally for traditional policy instruments. We illustrate the impact of this initial wealth actualisation through a simulation of the suppression of the US corn policy. The impact of this policy was underestimated by two thirds.
Quantum Money from Abelian Group Actions
Creators: name: Zhandry, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We give a construction of public key quantum money, and even a strengthened version called quantum lightning, from abelian group actions, which can in turn be constructed from suitable isogenies over elliptic curves. We prove security in the generic group model for group actions under a plausible computational assumption, and develop a general toolkit for proving quantum security in this model. Along the way, we explore knowledge assumptions and algebraic group actions in the quantum setting, finding significant limitations of these assumptions/models compared to generic group actions.
description: Added attack on the Knowledge of Group Element Assumption, as well as a generic group action model proof. Fixed typos