cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Symbolic Emulator for Shuffle Synthesis on the NVIDIA PTX Code
Creators: name: Matsumura, Kazuaki
name: De Gonzalo, Simon Garcia
name: Peña, Antonio J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Various kinds of applications take advantage of GPUs through automation tools that attempt to automatically exploit the available performance of the GPU's parallel architecture. Directive-based programming models, such as OpenACC, are one such method that easily enables parallel computing by just adhering code annotations to code loops. Such abstract models, however, often prevent programmers from making additional low-level optimizations to take advantage of the advanced architectural features of GPUs because the actual generated computation is hidden from the application developer. This paper describes and implements a novel flexible optimization technique that operates by inserting a code emulator phase to the tail-end of the compilation pipeline. Our tool emulates the generated code using symbolic analysis by substituting dynamic information and thus allowing for further low-level code optimizations to be applied. We implement our tool to support both CUDA and OpenACC directives as the frontend of the compilation pipeline, thus enabling low-level GPU optimizations for OpenACC that were not previously possible. We demonstrate the capabilities of our tool by automating warp-level shuffle instructions that are difficult to use by even advanced GPU programmers. Lastly, evaluating our tool with a benchmark suite and complex application code, we provide a detailed study to assess the benefits of shuffle instructions across four generations of GPU architectures.
description: To appear in: Proceedings of the 32nd ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Compiler Construction (CC '23)
Pregnancy loss is related to body mass index and prediabetes in early adulthood: Findings from Add Health
Creators: name: Cortés, Y.I.
name: Hussey, J.M.
name: Zhang, S.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2022

description: Pregnancy loss, including miscarriage and stillbirth, affects 15–20% of pregnancies in the United States (US) annually. Accumulating evidence suggests that pregnancy loss is associated with a greater cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden later in life. However, few studies have evaluated the impact of pregnancy loss on CVD risk factors in early adulthood (age <35 years). The aim of this study was to examine associations between pregnancy loss and CVD risk factors (body mass index, blood pressure, hyperlipidemia, diabetes status) in early adulthood. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using the public-use dataset for Wave IV (2007–2009) of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health). Our sample consisted of women, ages 24–32 years, with a previous pregnancy who completed biological data collection (n = 2,968). Pregnancy loss was assessed as any history of miscarriage or stillbirth; and quantified as none, one, or recurrent (≥2) pregnancy loss. Associations between pregnancy loss and each CVD risk factor were tested using linear and logistic regression adjusting for sociodemographic factors, parity, health behaviors during pregnancy, and depression. We tested for interactions with race/ethnicity. A total of 670 women reported a pregnancy loss, of which 28% reported recurrent pregnancy loss. A prior pregnancy loss was related to a 3.79 (kg/mm2) higher BMI in non-Hispanic Black women, but not white women. Women with recurrent pregnancy loss were more likely to have prediabetes (AOR, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.10–3.37, p<0.05) than women with all live births. Findings suggest that pregnancy loss may be associated with a more adverse CVD risk profile in early adulthood, particularly for women who experience recurrent pregnancy loss. This highlights the need for CVD risk assessment in young women with a prior pregnancy loss. Further research is necessary to identify underlying risk factors of pregnancy loss that may predispose women to CVD.
title:  O fenômeno da violência: algumas abordagens conceituais
Creators: name: Avelar Pires  ,  João Davi
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2015

description: Este trabalho tem por escopo realizar algumas discussões teóricas sobre o fenômeno da violência. A partir de uma abordagem que toma por referência diversas áreas, como a História, Sociologia, Direito, Psicologia e de dicionários específicos, buscamos apresentar como algumas das linhas de investigação de cada uma delas trata do conceito de violência. Dentro do que propomos, abordamos o conceito de violência a partir de suas mais diversas formas e manifestações, sendo como um fenômeno inerente à condição humana, como resultado de uma aprendizagem social ou ainda como um recurso utilizado para certos fins.
description: KRYPTON – VOL.5/6 – 2015 – VIOLENZA
Tuning the electrically evaluated electron Lande g factor in GaAs quantum dots and quantum wells of different well widths
Creators: name: Allison, G.
name: Fujita, T.
name: Morimoto, K.
name: Teraoka, S.
name: Larsson, M.
name: Kiyama, H.
name: Oiwa, A.
name: Haffouz, S.
name: Austing, D. G.
name: Ludwig, A.
name: Wieck, A. D.
name: Tarucha, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the Lande g factor of electrons in quantum dots (QDs) fabricated from GaAs quantum well (QW) structures of different well width. We first determine the Lande electron g factor of the QWs through resistive detection of electron spin resonance and compare it to the enhanced electron g factor determined from analysis of the magneto-transport. Next, we form laterally defined quantum dots using these quantum wells and extract the electron g factor from analysis of the cotunneling and Kondo effect within the quantum dots. We conclude that the Lande electron g factor of the quantum dot is primarily governed by the electron g factor of the quantum well suggesting that well width is an ideal design parameter for g-factor engineering QDs.
Recommendations for design of a mobile application to support management of anxiety and depression among Black American women
Creators: name: McCall, Terika
name: Lakdawala, Adnan
name: Pillai, Malvika
name: Bolton III, Clinton S.
name: Threats, Megan
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media
Year: 2022

description: Black American women experience adverse health outcomes due to anxiety and depression. They face systemic barriers to accessing culturally appropriate mental health care leading to the underutilization of mental health services and resources. Mobile technology can be leveraged to increase access to culturally relevant resources, however, the specific needs and preferences that Black women feel are useful in an app to support management of anxiety and depression are rarely reflected in existing digital health tools. This study aims to assess what types of content, features, and important considerations should be included in the design of a mobile app tailored to support management of anxiety and depression among Black women. Focus groups were conducted with 20 women (mean age 36.6 years, SD 17.8 years), with 5 participants per group. Focus groups were led by a moderator, with notetaker present, using an interview guide to discuss topics, such as participants' attitudes and perceptions towards mental health and use of mental health services, and content, features, and concerns for design of a mobile app to support management of anxiety and depression. Descriptive qualitative content analysis was conducted. Recommendations for content were either informational (e.g., information to find a Black woman therapist) or inspirational (e.g., encouraging stories about overcoming adversity). Suggested features allow users to monitor their progress, practice healthy coping techniques, and connect with others. The importance of feeling “a sense of community” was emphasized. Transparency about who created and owns the app, and how users' data will be used and protected was recommended to establish trust. The findings from this study were consistent with previous literature which highlighted the need for educational, psychotherapy, and personal development components for mental health apps. There has been exponential growth in the digital mental health space due to the COVID-19 pandemic; however, a one-size-fits-all approach may lead to more options but continued disparity in receiving mental health care. Designing a mental health app for and with Black women may help to advance digital health equity by providing a tool that addresses their specific needs and preferences, and increase engagement.
Reformulation of Top-Selling Processed and Ultra-Processed Foods and Beverages in the Peruvian Food Supply after Front-of-Package Warning Label Policy
Creators: name: Saavedra-Garcia, Lorena
name: Taillie, Lindsey Smith
name: Meza-Hernández, Mayra
name: Diez-Canseco, Francisco
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2023

description: Front-of-package warning label (FOPWL) policies incentivize the food industry to reduce the content of regulated nutrients in products. We explored changes in the content of nutrients of concern (sugar, saturated fat, trans fat, and sodium) and the percentage of products in the Peruvian food supply that would carry a FOPWL before and after Peru’s implementation of FOPWLs. Longitudinal data on the top-selling foods and beverages (n = 94) were collected at three time points: three months before the implementation of the policy, four months after, and two years after. Using the nutritional information declared on products’ labels, we compared quantities of nutrients of concern and the percentage of foods that would carry a FOPWL at each time point. Between the first and the third data collection, a decrease in the median sugar content of beverages was observed (from 9.0 to 5.9 g/100 mL, p = 0.005), accompanied by an increase in the use of nonnutritive sweeteners. This change drove the reduction of the percentage of beverages that would carry a FOPWL (from 59 to 31%, p = 0.011). Among foods, decreases were observed in saturated fat (from 6.7 to 5.9 g/100 g, p = 0.002). The percentage of foods that would carry a FOPWL according to their nutritional profile declined from before to after implementation of the policy (from 82 to 62%, p < 0.001). The study shows that the industry reformulated products in Peru after implementation of its FOPWL policy.
Model studies of short-term variations induced in trace gases by particle precipitation in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere
Creators: name: Fytterer, T.
name: Bender, S.
name: Berger, U.
name: Nieder, H.
name: Sinnhuber, M.
name: Wissing, J.M.
Publisher: name: Hoboken, NJ : Wiley
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 27 day solar rotational signal
subject: particle precipitation
subject: mesosphere/lower thermosphere
subject: atmospheric trace gases modeling
subject: 550

description: The 3-D global chemistry and transport model (3dCTM) was used to investigate NO, OH, and O3 from January 2002 to May 2010 between 60 km and 133 km. Their daytime and nighttime mean zonal means (55°–75° geomagnetic latitude) were analyzed with respect to short-term variations associated with particle precipitation. The corresponding ionization rates were derived from the 3-D atmospheric ionization module Osnabrück (AIMOS), which is based on particle flux measurements. The trace gas variations with respect to their background were investigated by using a superposed epoch analysis. The 27 day signature associated with particle precipitation is found in NO, while it is only indicated in OH and O3 during winter. A varying solar spectrum associated with the 11 year solar cycle causes modifications of this signal up to 10%, while the main patterns are conserved. Published observations show a clear 27 day signal, qualitatively agreeing with the model results at altitudes >70 km except for O3 in Northern Hemisphere winter. Further differences occur with respect to the magnitude of the trace gas variations, primarily attributed to the different trace gas background and dynamical variations of the background atmosphere. Absolute OH variations are overestimated by the 3dCTM during winter, while the opposite is true for O3. These differences might originate from an unknown offset in AIMOS, incorrect chemical reaction rates, a different background of H2O and O3, and the model dynamics. However, their nonlinear relationship and their altitude of largest response are qualitatively captured in Southern Hemisphere winter.
Ultrafast Dynamics Evidence of High Temperature Superconductivity in Single Unit Cell FeSe on SrTiO3
Creators: name: Tian, Y. C.
name: Zhang, W. H.
name: Li, F. S.
name: Wu, Y. L.
name: Wu, Q.
name: Sun, F.
name: Wang, Lili
name: Ma, Xucun
name: Xue, Qi-Kun
name: Zhao, Jimin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent observation of high-temperature superconductivity in one unit cell thick FeSe on SrTiO3 (1UC FeSe/STO)1 initiated a new pathway to realizing even higher transition temperature (Tc) superconductors and established a promising different paradigm to understand the mechanism of high temperature superconductivity2-10. However, independent confirmation on the high Tc value, the role of capping layer in reducing Tc, and the underlying mechanism of the novel superconductivity remain open questions11. Here we report a time-resolved study of the excited state ultrafast dynamics of 1UC FeSe/STO protected by 2UC FeTe capping layer, and identify the superconducting Tc to be 68 (-5/+2) K. We found a coherent acoustic phonon mode in the capping layer, which provides an additional decay channel to the gluing bosons and explains the reduced Tc value. Our investigation supports the phonon pairing scenario.
Additional file 4 of Early Jurassic extrinsic solar system dynamics versus intrinsic Earth processes: Toarcian sedimentation and benthic life in deep-sea contourite drift facies, Cardigan Bay Basin, UK
Creators: name: Pieńkowski, Grzegorz
name: Uchman, Alfred
name: Ninard, Krzysztof
name: Page, Kevin N.
name: Hesselbo, Stephen P.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Additional file 4. Biostratigraphically significant ammonite fossils from the Lower Toarcian of the Llanbedr (Mochras Farm) borehole, Wales, and proposed correlations to Yorkshire coast outcrops; all fossil identifications by KN Page.
Participation inequality in the gig economy
Creators: name: Shaw, Aaron
name: Fiers, Floor
name: Hargittai, Eszter
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: In theory, the gig economy facilitates flexible, digitally mediated employment arrangements. Why do some people wind up doing gig work while others do not? We focus on how online participation inequalities, and Internet use experiences and skills, shape the composition of online gig workers. Specifically, we analyze a unique survey data set from a national sample of 1512 U.S. adults that includes information about background attributes and behaviors, detailed measures of Internet experiences and skills, as well as questions about whether study participants had completed specific steps necessary to becoming a task worker on two prominent gig economy platforms: Amazon Mechanical Turk and TaskRabbit. We use Bayesian regression to compare four stages of gig economy participation. Workers who participate in the gig economy tend to be younger, more highly educated, and more skilled Internet users. This implies that the gig economy increases labor market stratification and that digital participation inequalities compound labor inequalities.
Social isolation and psychological distress among southern U.S. college students in the era of COVID-19
Creators: name: Fisher, Edwin B.
name: Giovenco, Danielle
name: Buchanan, Laurie
name: Pettifor, Audrey
name: Hutson, Bryant
name: Shook-Sa, Bonnie E.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2022

description: Background College students are at heightened risk for negative psychological outcomes due to COVID-19. We examined the prevalence of psychological distress and its association with social isolation among public university students in the southern United States. Methods A cross-sectional survey was emailed to all University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill students in June 2020 and was open for two weeks. Students self-reported if they were self-isolating none, some, most, or all of the time. Validated screening instruments were used to assess clinically significant symptoms of depression, loneliness, and increased perceived stress. The data was weighted to the complete student population. Results 7,012 completed surveys were included. Almost two-thirds (64%) of the students reported clinically significant depressive symptoms and 65% were categorized as lonely. An estimated 64% of students reported self-isolating most or all of the time. Compared to those self-isolating none of the time, students self-isolating some of the time were 1.78 (95% CI 1.37, 2.30) times as likely to report clinically significant depressive symptoms, and students self-isolating most or all of the time were 2.12 (95% CI 1.64, 2.74) and 2.27 (95% CI 1.75, 2.94) times as likely to report clinically significant depressive symptoms, respectively. Similar associations between self-isolation and loneliness and perceived stress were observed. Conclusions The prevalence of adverse mental health indicators among this sample of university students in June 2020 was exceptionally high. University responses to the COVID-19 pandemic should prioritize student mental health and prepare a range of support services to mitigate mental health consequences as the pandemic continues to evolve.
Socioeconomic disparities in diabetes prevalence and management among the adult population in Bangladesh
Creators: name: Jamil, K.
name: Khan, S.H.
name: Ahsan, K.Z.
name: Chakraborty, N.
name: Streatfield, P.K.
name: Haider, M.M.
name: Iqbal, A.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2022

description: Background Diabetes, one of the major metabolic disorders, is rising in Bangladesh. Studies indicate there is inequality in prevalence and care-seeking behavior, which requires further exploration to understand the socioeconomic disparities in the pathophysiology of diabetes. This study examined the latest nationally representative estimates of diabetes prevalence, awareness, and management among adults aged 18 years and above in Bangladesh and its association with socioeconomic status in 2017-18. Methods We used the 2017-18 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey data. Diabetic status of 12,092 adults aged 18 years and above was measured in the survey using fasting plasma glucose levels. We applied multivariate logistic regressions to examine the role of socioeconomic status on diabetes prevalence, awareness, and management, after controlling for relevant covariates. Results Overall, 10% of adults had diabetes in Bangladesh in 2017-18, with the highest prevalence of 16% in the age group 55-64 years. Our analyses found statistically significant disparities by socioeconomic status in the prevalence of diabetes as well as the person's awareness of his/her diabetic condition. However, the effect of socioeconomic status on receiving anti-diabetic medication only approached significance (p = 0.07), and we found no significant association between socioeconomic status and control of diabetes. Conclusions We expect to see an 'accumulation' of the number of people with diabetes to continue in the coming years. The rising prevalence of diabetes is only the tip of an iceberg; a large number of people with uncontrolled diabetes and a lack of awareness of their condition will lead to increased morbidity and mortality, and that could be the real threat. Immediate measures to increase screening coverage and exploration of poor control of diabetes are required to mitigate the situation.
Footprint of Triplet Scalar Dark Matter in Direct, Indirect Search and Invisible Higgs Decay
Creators: name: Ayazi, Seyed Yaser
name: Firouzabadi, S. Mahdi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this talk, we will review Inert Triplet Model (ITM) which provide candidate for dark matter (DM) particles. Then we study possible decays of Higgs boson to DM candidate and apply current experimental data for invisible Higgs decay to constrain parameter space of ITM. We also consider indirect search for DM and use FermiLAT data to put constraints on parameter space. Ultimately we compare this limit with constraints provided by LUX experiment for low mass DM and invisible Higgs decay.
description: Talk presented at "From Higgs to Dark Matter" at Geilo, Nor- way (14-17 December 2014), 4 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 5 of Early Jurassic extrinsic solar system dynamics versus intrinsic Earth processes: Toarcian sedimentation and benthic life in deep-sea contourite drift facies, Cardigan Bay Basin, UK
Creators: name: Pieńkowski, Grzegorz
name: Uchman, Alfred
name: Ninard, Krzysztof
name: Page, Kevin N.
name: Hesselbo, Stephen P.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Additional file 5. Biostratigraphically significant ammonite fossils from the Upper Toarcian of the Llanbedr (Mochras Farm) borehole, Wales; all fossil identifications by KN Page.
title:  Da ‘levatrice della storia’ a variabile della modernità. Prospettive sociologiche sul tema della violenza, da Marx fino all’Olocausto e ai mattatoi
Creators: name: Bertuzzi  ,  Niccolò
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2015

description: Il tema dell’articolo è il rapporto fra modernità e violenza nel pensiero sociologico. Si propone una ricostruzione dei principali contributi, a partire dall’analisi marxista della violenza quale ‘levatrice della storia’ fino a quella baumaniana riguardante l’Olocausto quale paradigma della modernità: ad un estremo, dunque, la violenza come processo fondante la modernità, all’altro la modernità come condizione necessaria per lo sviluppo di una specifica nuova forma di violenza. Fra tali due poli, una serie di riflessioni riassumibili in una dicotomia di fondo: da una parte quanti contrappongono processo di modernizzazione e permanenza della violenza (Elias, Pinker, Touraine); dall’altra coloro che vedono una correlazione fra esse (Foucault, Francofortesi). Nell’ultima parte, infine, viene considerato un particolare tipo di violenza, quello nei confronti degli animali non-umani, sottovalutato in letteratura, e le cui caratteristiche assumono dinamiche tipicamente ‘moderniste’.
description: KRYPTON – VOL.5/6 – 2015 – VIOLENZA
Test-retest reliability of modular-relevant analysis in brain functional network
Creators: name: Hsu, L.
name: Yang, M.
name: Wen, X.
name: Zhang, D.
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2022

description: Introduction: The human brain could be modeled as a complex network via functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and the architecture of these brain functional networks can be studied from multiple spatial scales with different graph theory tools. Detecting modules is an important mesoscale network measuring approach that has provided crucial insights for uncovering how brain organizes itself among different functional subsystems. Despite its successful application in a wide range of brain network studies, the lack of comprehensive reliability assessment prevents its potential extension to clinical trials. Methods: To fill this gap, this paper, using resting-state test-retest fMRI data, systematically explored the reliabilities of five popular network metrics derived from modular structure. Considering the repeatability of network partition depends heavily on network size and module detection algorithm, we constructed three types of brain functional networks for each subject by using a set of coarse-to-fine brain atlases and adopted four methods for single-subject module detection and twelve methods for group-level module detection. Results: The results reported moderate-to-good reliability in modularity, intra- and inter-modular functional connectivities, within-modular degree and participation coefficient at both individual and group levels, indicating modular-relevant network metrics can provide robust evaluation results. Further analysis identified the significant influence of module detection algorithm and node definition approach on reliabilities of network partitions and its derived network analysis results. Discussion: This paper provides important guidance for choosing reliable modular-relevant network metrics and analysis strategies in future studies.
Chaotic oscillation and random-number generation based on nanoscale optical-energy transfer
Creators: name: Naruse, Makoto
name: Kim, Song-Ju
name: Aono, Masashi
name: Hori, Hirokazu
name: Ohtsu, Motoichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using nanoscale energy-transfer dynamics and density matrix formalism, we demonstrate theoretically and numerically that chaotic oscillation and random-number generation occur in a nanoscale system. The physical system consists of a pair of quantum dots (QDs), with one QD smaller than the other, between which energy transfers via optical near-field interactions. When the system is pumped by continuous-wave radiation and incorporates a timing delay between two energy transfers within the system, it emits optical pulses. We refer to such QD pairs as nano-optical pulsers (NOPs). Irradiating an NOP with external periodic optical pulses causes the oscillating frequency of the NOP to synchronize with the external stimulus. We find that chaotic oscillation occurs in the NOP population when they are connected by an external time delay. Moreover, by evaluating the time-domain signals by statistical-test suites, we confirm that the signals are sufficiently random to qualify the system as a random-number generator (RNG). This study reveals that even relatively simple nanodevices that interact locally with each other through optical energy transfer at scales far below the wavelength of irradiating light can exhibit complex oscillatory dynamics. These findings are significant for applications such as ultrasmall RNGs.
Transverse Momentum Dependent Parton Density Function for the Photon
Creators: name: Wening, Thomas
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2020

description: Masterarbeit, University of Hamburg, 2020; 56 pp. (2020). = Masterarbeit, University of Hamburg, 2020
description: This thesis examines collinear and transverse momentum dependent parton density functions (PDFs and TMDs) for the photon. To that end, I helped to implement the photoncontribution into the parton evolution programme uPDFevolv. I describe how LO-QEDsplitting kernels, a Sudakov form factor for the photon and a running LO-QED couplingwith matching at the quark mass thresholds are introduced to the programme code. Ithen compare the generated collinear photon PDF with the one generated by S. Carrazzaand find they are in good agreement. Then, I proceed to investigate the general featuresof the photon TMDs I generate and compare them to the gluon TMDs. Moreover, I explore the influence of certain parameters within the programme. The results show thatthe resolvable branching parameter zm leads to stable photon TMDs for values close to1. Furthermore, investigation of the ordering conditions shows that for angular orderingwith a dynamic zm and virtuality ordering with fixed zm, one gets similar photon TMDswith a plateau value for small kT , whereas virtuality ordering with a dynamic zm leads tophoton TMDs that decrease towards small kT -values. The thesis lays the groundwork tofurther implementation of the heavy gauge bosons into the programme.
RMSim: Controlled Respiratory Motion Simulation on Static Patient Scans
Creators: name: Lee, Donghoon
name: Yorke, Ellen
name: Zarepisheh, Masoud
name: Nadeem, Saad
name: Hu, Yu-Chi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This work aims to generate realistic anatomical deformations from static patient scans. Specifically, we present a method to generate these deformations/augmentations via deep learning driven respiratory motion simulation that provides the ground truth for validating deformable image registration (DIR) algorithms and driving more accurate deep learning based DIR. We present a novel 3D Seq2Seq deep learning respiratory motion simulator (RMSim) that learns from 4D-CT images and predicts future breathing phases given a static CT image. The predicted respiratory patterns, represented by time-varying displacement vector fields (DVFs) at different breathing phases, are modulated through auxiliary inputs of 1D breathing traces so that a larger amplitude in the trace results in more significant predicted deformation. Stacked 3D-ConvLSTMs are used to capture the spatial-temporal respiration patterns. Training loss includes a smoothness loss in the DVF and mean-squared error between the predicted and ground truth phase images. A spatial transformer deforms the static CT with the predicted DVF to generate the predicted phase image. 10-phase 4D-CTs of 140 internal patients were used to train and test RMSim. The trained RMSim was then used to augment a public DIR challenge dataset for training VoxelMorph to show the effectiveness of RMSim-generated deformation augmentation. We validated our RMSim output with both private and public benchmark datasets (healthy and cancer patients). The proposed approach can be used for validating DIR algorithms as well as for patient-specific augmentations to improve deep learning DIR algorithms. The code, pretrained models, and augmented DIR validation datasets will be released at https://github.com/nadeemlab/SeqX2Y.
description: Physics in Medicine & Biology 2023. Last two authors contributed equally
Untargeted Metabolome Analysis of Alcohol-Exposed Pregnancies Reveals Metabolite Differences That Are Associated with Infant Birth Outcomes
Creators: name: Mooney, S.M.
name: Seedat, S.
name: Hasken, J.M.
name: Smith, S.M.
name: May, P.A.
name: de Vries, M.M.
name: Parry, C.D.H.
name: Marais, A.-S.
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2022

description: Prenatal alcohol exposure can produce offspring growth deficits and is a leading cause of neurodevelopmental disability. We used untargeted metabolomics to generate mechanistic insight into how alcohol impairs fetal development. In the Western Cape Province of South Africa, 52 women between gestational weeks 5–36 (mean 18.5 ± 6.5) were recruited, and they provided a finger-prick fasting bloodspot that underwent mass spectrometry. Metabolomic data were analyzed using partial least squares-discriminant analyses (PLS-DA) to identify metabolites that correlated with alcohol exposure and infant birth outcomes. Women who consumed alcohol in the past seven days were distinguished by a metabolite profile that included reduced sphingomyelins, cholesterol, and pregnenolones, and elevated fatty acids, acyl and amino acyl carnitines, and androsterones. Using PLS-DA, 25 of the top 30 metabolites differentiating maternal groups were reduced by alcohol with medium-chain free fatty acids and oxidized sugar derivatives having the greatest influence. A separate ortho-PLS-DA analysis identified a common set of 13 metabolites that were associated with infant length, weight, and head circumference. These included monoacylglycerols, glycerol-3-phosphate, and unidentified metabolites, and most of their associations were negative, implying they represent processes having adverse consequences for fetal development.
A case study of gravity waves in noctilucent clouds
Creators: name: Dalin, P.
name: Kirkwood, S.
name: Moström, A.
name: Stebel, K.
name: Hoffmann, P.
name: Singer, W.
Publisher: name: München : European Geopyhsical Union
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric composition and structure (aerosols and particles
subject: middle atmosphere-composition and chemistry) – Meteorology and atmospheric dynamics (middle atmosphere dynamics
subject: waves and tides)
subject: 530

description: We present a case study of a noctilucent cloud (NLC) display appearing on 10-11 August 2000 over Northern Sweden. Clear wave structures were visible in the clouds and time-lapse photography was used to derive the parameters characterising the gravity waves which could account for the observed NLC modulation. Using two nearby atmospheric radars, the Esrange MST Radar data and Andoya MF radar, we have identified gravity waves propagating upward from the upper stratosphere to NLC altitudes. The wave parameters derived from the radar measurements support the suggestion that gravity waves are responsible for the observed complex wave dynamics in the NLC.
title:  «Apocalipsa după Ştefan»: violenţă şi ritual în Moldova lui Ştefan cel Mare
Creators: name: Pâslariuc  ,  Virgil
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2015

description: În acest articol este reluată problema asumării de către domnul moldovean, Ştefan cel Mare, a ipostazei de ‘Ultim Împărat’ din tradiţia apocaliptică bizantină. Ca punct de plecare este luată Cronica de curte în care sunt narate scene de o cruzime inegalabilă (masacre ale populaţiei civile, ale prizonierilor, mutilări etc.), cu elemente de violenţă ritualică care au fost operate în cadrul războiului purtat cu otomanii (1473-1486). Analizând izvoarele, autorul ajunge la concluzia că aceste fapte au fost nu doar inspirate de textele veterotestamentare (Deuteronom) şi tradiţia apocaliptică (Apocalipsa lui Pseudo-Methodie din Patara şi Viziunile lui Pseudo-Daniel), dar şi urmate pas cu pas într-un mod programatic. Astfel, violenţa demonstrativă la adresa inamicilor şi ‘renegaţilor’ Creştinătăţii, ca o caracteristică a ‘războiului final’, trebuie privită ca parte a unui amplu cod cultural, în care se anunţa demararea scenariului apocaliptic şi Sfârşitul Lumii.
description: KRYPTON – VOL.5/6 – 2015 – VIOLENZA
Eddington's Gravity in Immersed Spacetime
Creators: name: Azri, Hemza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate Eddington's affine gravity in a spacetime which is immersed in a larger eight dimensional space endowed with a hypercomplex structure. The dynamical equation of the first immersed Ricci-type tensor leads to gravitational field equations which include matter. We also study the dynamical effects of the second Ricci-type tensor when added to the Lagrangian density. A simple Lagrangian density constructed from combination of the standard Ricci tensor and a new tensor field that appears due to the immersion, leads to gravitational equations in which the vacuum energy gravitates with a different cosmological strength as in Phys. Rev. D {\bf 90}, 064017 (2014), rather than with Newton's constant. As a result, the tiny observed curvature is reproduced due to large hierarchies rather than fine-tuning.
title:  Violences sur les immigrés italiens dans l’espace lorrain (1870-1914)
Creators: name: Buzzi, Pierre-Louis
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2015

description: La France connaît de nombreuses crises de xénophobie, notamment à partir de la IIIe République. Les affrontements physiques entre ouvriers français et ouvriers italiens sont particulièrement nombreux dans une région comme la Lorraine qui compte environ 60.000 immigrés transalpins à la veille de la Première Guerre mondiale. Les archives nous présentent un éventail de rixes et d’affrontements, divers par leurs formes, leurs acteurs, leurs origines, leurs armes, mais qui comportent de nombreuses similitudes et s’inscrivent dans une même dynamique, car, loin de constituer de simples crises, ces formes de violence s’enracinent dans des comportements anciens.
description: KRYPTON – VOL.5/6 – 2015 – VIOLENZA
Additional file 1 of What works to support carers of older people and older carers? an international evidence map of interventions and outcomes
Creators: name: Spiers, Gemma
name: Tan, Michelle M.C.
name: Astbury, Jayne L
name: Hall, Alex
name: Ahmed, Nisar
name: Lanyi, Kate
name: Williams, Oleta
name: Beyer, Fiona
name: Craig, Dawn
name: Hanratty, Barbara
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
Using standardized patients to assess the quality of type 2 diabetes care among primary care providers and the health system: Evidence from rural areas of western China
Creators: name: Pappas, Lucy
name: Cai, Zhengjie
name: Ye, Ruixue
name: Zhou, Huan
name: Meng, Sha
name: Sylvia, Sean
name: Rozelle, Scott
name: Wu, Yuju
name: Sun, Chang
name: Li, Linhua
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2022

description: Background Improving type 2 diabetes (T2D) care is key to managing and reducing disease burden due to the growing prevalence of diabetes worldwide, but research on this topic, specifically from rural areas, is limited. This study uses standardized patients (SPs) to assess T2D care quality among primary care providers to access the healthcare system in rural China. Methods Using multi-stage random sampling, health facilities, providers, and households were selected. SPs were used to evaluate providers' T2D care quality and a questionnaire survey was used to collect patient sorting behaviors from households. Logistic regression was used to explore factors correlated with T2D care quality. Provider referral and treatment rates were combined with patient sorting behaviors to assess the overall quality of T2D management by rural China's healthcare system. Results A total of 126 providers, 106 facilities, and 750 households were enrolled into this study. During SP interactions, 20% of rural providers followed the national guidelines for T2D consultation, 32.5% gave correct treatment, and 54.7% provided lifestyle suggestions. Multi-variable regression results showed that providers who had earned practicing certificates (β = 1.56, 95% CI: 0.44, 2.69) and saw more patients (β = 0.77, 95%: 0.25, 1.28) were more likely to use a higher number of recommended questions and perform better examinations, whereas providers who participated in online training were less likely to practice these behaviors (β = −1.03, 95%: −1.95, −0.11). The number of recommended questions and examination (NRQE) was the only significant correlated factor with correct treatment (marginal effect = 0.05, 95%: 0.01, 0.08). Throughout the rural healthcare system, 23.7% of T2D patients were treated correctly.ConclusionThe quality of T2D care in rural western China, especially throughout the consultation and treatment process during a patient's first visit, is poor. Online training may not improve T2D care quality and low patient volume was likely to indicate poor care quality. Further research is needed to explore interventions for improving T2D care quality in rural China's healthcare system.
Doping dependence and electron–boson coupling in the ultrafast relaxation of hot electron populations in Ba(Fe1–x Co x )2As2
Creators: name: Avigo, I.
name: Thirupathaiah, S.
name: Ligges, M.
name: Wolf, T.
name: Fink, J.
name: Bovensiepen, U.
Publisher: name: Milton Park : Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fe-based superconductors
subject: ultrafast dynamics
subject: electron–boson coupling
subject: 530

description: Using femtosecond time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy we investigate the effect of electron doping on the electron dynamics in $\mathrm{Ba}{({\mathrm{Fe}}_{1-x}{\mathrm{Co}}_{x})}_{2}{\mathrm{As}}_{2}$ in a range of $0\leqslant x\lt 0.15$ at temperatures slightly above the Néel temperature. By analyzing the time-dependent photoemission intensity of the pump laser excited population as a function of energy, we found that the relaxation times at $0\lt E-{E}_{{\rm{F}}}\lt 0.2\,\mathrm{eV}$ are doping dependent and about 100 fs shorter at optimal doping than for overdoped and parent compounds. Analysis of the relaxation rates also reveals the presence of a pump fluence dependent step in the relaxation time at $E-{E}_{{\rm{F}}}=200\,\mathrm{meV}$ which we explain by coupling of the excited electronic system to a boson of this energy. We compare our results with static ARPES and transport measurements and find disagreement and agreement concerning the doping-dependence, respectively. We discuss the effect of the electron–boson coupling on the energy-dependent relaxation and assign the origin of the boson to a magnetic excitation.
The Rich Are Different: Evidence from the RAVE Survey for Stellar Radial Migration
Creators: name: Kordopatis, G.
name: Binney, J.
name: Gilmore, G.
name: Wyse, R. F. G.
name: Belokurov, V.
name: McMillan, P. J.
name: Hatfield, P.
name: Grebel, E. K.
name: Steinmetz, M.
name: Navarro, J. F.
name: Seabroke, G.
name: Minchev, I.
name: Chiappini, C.
name: Bienayme, O.
name: Bland-Hawthorn, J.
name: Freeman, K. C.
name: Gibson, B. K.
name: Helmi, A.
name: Munari, U.
name: Parker, Q.
name: Reid, W. A.
name: Siebert, A.
name: Siviero, A.
name: Zwitter, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the RAdial Velocity Experiment fourth data release (RAVE DR4), and a new metallicity calibration that will be also taken into account in the future RAVE DR5, we investigate the existence and the properties of super-solar metallicity stars ([M/H] > +0.1 dex) in the sample, and in particular in the Solar neighbourhood. We find that RAVE is rich in super-solar metallicity stars, and that the local metallicity distribution function declines remarkably slowly up to +0.4 dex. Our results show that the kinematics and height distributions of the super-solar metallicity stars are identical to those of the [M/H] < 0 thin-disc giants that we presume were locally manufactured. The eccentricities of the super-solar metallicity stars indicate that half of them are on a roughly circular orbit (e < 0.15), so under the assumption that the metallicity of the interstellar medium at a given radius never decreases with time, they must have increased their angular momenta by scattering at corotation resonances of spiral arms from regions far inside the Solar annulus. The likelihood that a star will migrate radially does not seem to decrease significantly with increasing amplitude of vertical oscillations within range of oscillation amplitudes encountered in the disc.
description: accepted to MNRAS, 11 pages, 11 figures
Oscillations Above Sunspots and Faculae: Height Stratification and Relation to Coronal Fan Structure
Creators: name: Kobanov, N. I.
name: Kolobov, D. Y.
name: Chelpanov, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Oscillation properties in two sunspots and two facular regions are studied using Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) data and ground-based observations in the SiI 10827 and HeI 10830 lines. The aim is to study different-frequency spatial distribution characteristics above sunspots and faculae and their dependence on magnetic-field features and to detect the oscillations that reach the corona from the deep photosphere most effectively. We used Fast-Fourier-Transform and frequency filtration of the intensity and Doppler-velocity variations with Morlet wavelet to trace the wave propagating from the photosphere to the chromosphere and corona. Spatial distribution of low-frequency (1-2 mHz) oscillations outlines well the fan-loop structures in the corona (the Fe IX 171 line) above sunspots and faculae. High-frequency oscillations (5-7 mHz) are concentrated in fragments inside the photospheric umbra boundaries and close to facular-region centers. This implies that the upper parts of most coronal loops, which transfer low-frequency oscillations from the photosphere, sit in the Fe IX 171 line-formation layer. We used dominant frequency vs. distance from barycenter relations to estimate magnetic-tube inclination angle in the higher layers, which poses difficulties for direct magnetic-field measurements. According to our calculations, this angle is about 40 degrees in the transition region around umbra borders. Phase velocities measured in the coronal loops' upper parts in the Fe IX 171 line-formation layer reach 100-150 km/s for sunspots and 50-100 km/s for faculae.
On granularity of prosodic representations in expressive text-to-speech
Creators: name: Babianski, Mikolaj
name: Pokora, Kamil
name: Shah, Raahil
name: Sienkiewicz, Rafal
name: Korzekwa, Daniel
name: Klimkov, Viacheslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In expressive speech synthesis it is widely adopted to use latent prosody representations to deal with variability of the data during training. Same text may correspond to various acoustic realizations, which is known as a one-to-many mapping problem in text-to-speech. Utterance, word, or phoneme-level representations are extracted from target signal in an auto-encoding setup, to complement phonetic input and simplify that mapping. This paper compares prosodic embeddings at different levels of granularity and examines their prediction from text. We show that utterance-level embeddings have insufficient capacity and phoneme-level tend to introduce instabilities when predicted from text. Word-level representations impose balance between capacity and predictability. As a result, we close the gap in naturalness by 90% between synthetic speech and recordings on LibriTTS dataset, without sacrificing intelligibility.
description: Accepted to IEEE SLT 2022