cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Antibunching via cooling by heating
Creators: name: Naseem, M. Tahir
name: Müstecaplıoğlu, Özgür E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate statistics of the photon (phonon) field undergoing linear and nonlinear damping processes. An effective two-photon (phonon) nonlinear "cooling by heating" process is realized from linear damping by spectral filtering of the heat baths present in the system. This cooling process driven by incoherent quantum thermal noise can create quantum states of the photon field. In fact, for high temperatures of the spectrally filtered heat baths, sub-Poissonian statistics with strong antibunching in the photon (phonon) field are reported. This notion of the emergence and control of quantumness by incoherent thermal quantum noise is applied to a quantum system comprising of a two-level system and a harmonic oscillator or analogous optomechanical setting. Our analysis may provide a promising direction for the preparation and protection of quantum features via nonlinear damping that can be controlled with incoherent thermal quantum noise.
Angelinoceras undetermined
Creators: name: Aubrechtová, Martina
name: Korn, Dieter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Cephalopoda
Tarphycerida
Lituitidae
Angelinoceras
Angelinoceras undetermined

description: Angelinoceras sp.
Fig. 28B, Table 7
Material examined
GERMANY • 1 spec.; Brandenburg, Oderberg; Ordovician, Upper Red Orthoceratite Limestone; Krueger Coll.; MB.C.29658.
Description
Specimen MB.C.29658 (Fig. 28B) consists of the coiled part (coiling tight; 33 mm diameter; WWI = 0.66; WER dm = 2.20 and WER ah = 2.30) of a conch. The shell surface is only locally and indistinctly preserved. Narrow annuli are separated by very thin lirae and both form a deep ventral sinus, which is delineated by paired longitudinal grooves.
Remarks
The specimen represents an Angelinoceras as indicated by its conch ratios and type of ornament. The specimen differs from A. latum in the smaller, tightly coiled conch with a slightly lower whorl expansion rate. The incomplete preservation of the last whorl and of the early uncoiled part makes it difficult to decide whether the specimen should be assigned to a new species or whether it only reflects morphological variation within A. latum.
description: Published as part of Aubrechtová, Martina & Korn, Dieter, 2022, Taxonomy and ontogeny of the Lituitida (Cephalopoda) from Orthoceratite Limestone erratics (Middle Ordovician), pp. 1-108 in European Journal of Taxonomy 799 (1) on pages 43-44, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.799.1681, http://zenodo.org/record/6341270
D-branes, KK-theory and duality on noncommutative spaces
Creators: name: Brodzki, J.
name: Mathai, V.
name: Rosenberg, J.
name: Szabo, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a new categorical classification framework for D-brane charges on noncommutative manifolds using methods of bivariant K-theory. We describe several applications including an explicit formula for D-brane charge in cyclic homology, a refinement of open string T-duality, and a general criterion for cancellation of global worldsheet anomalies.
description: 13 pages; v2: typos corrected; Based on invited talks given by R.J.S. at the International Conferences ``Noncommutative Spacetime Geometries'', March 26-31, 2007, Alessandria, Italy, and ``Noncommutative Geometry and Physics'', April 23-27, 2007, Orsay, France. To be published in Journal of Physics Conference Series
Giorgio de Chirico, Le printemps de l’ingénieur
Creators: name: Harari, Maurizio
Publisher: name: La Rivista di Engramma
Year: 2021
Subjects: Giorgio de Chirico
Le printemps de l ingenieur

description: Le printemps de l’ingénieur is an unfinished oil canvas by Giorgio de Chirico, now kept at the Brera National Art Gallery. Painted in Paris in 1914, on the eve of the First World War, it appears symbolic of a mysterious farewell from France and an era of peace. This paper opens with some exegetic problems – raised by a deliberately puzzling iconography – which will be decrypted via literary and visual references found in De Chirico's French and Italian poetry and prose. Thus, one can focus on the revitalization of the heritage of classical poetry and art by this prominent 20th-century Master. The Mount Pelion Centaurs, the Argonauts on their fabulous ship, the Etruscan Spouses at the Louvre (so dear to Degas), and an enigmatic Goddess as a Tyche: these are the icons that rule this crucial chapter of De Chirico’s classicism.
title: Γεωδαιτικές εφαρμογές δεκτών GNSS που υλοποιούνται μέσω λογισμικού
title: Geodetic applications of software-defined GNSS receivers
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Καγιαδάκης, Βασίλειος
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2024
Subjects: GNSS
GPS
Software defined receiver
Λογισμικό
Trimble Catalyst
Γεωδαιτικές εφαρμογές

description: Η εκπόνηση της παρούσας μεταπτυχιακής διπλωματικής εργασίας έχει ως σκοπό την διερεύνηση, την ανάλυση και την ανάδειξη των δυνατοτήτων αξιοποίησης δεκτών GNSS που υλοποιούνται μέσω λογισμικού (SDR: Software Defined Receivers) σε γεωδαιτικές εφαρμογές. Η τεχνολογία των SDR έχει αναπτυχθεί εδώ και αρκετά χρόνια. Δεν είχε όμως εξαπλωθεί καθώς η υπολογιστική ισχύς που απαιτεί η υλοποίησή της δεν διατίθετο τα παλαιότερα χρόνια, ιδίως σε φορητές συσκευές που μπορούν είναι κατάλληλες για μετρήσει πεδίου σε παραγωγικές διαδικασίες. Τα τελευταία χρόνια όμως, δεδομένης της υψηλής υπολογιστικής ισχύος που διαθέτουν πλέον οι φορητές συσκευές (android-ios), η υλοποίηση ενός Software Defined GNSS Receiver είναι σημαντικά ευκολότερη, έχει χαμηλό κόστος και έχει αρχίσει εξαπλώνεται. Στην παρούσα εργασία παρουσιάζεται η τεχνολογία των Software Defined GNSS Receivers και διερευνάται η δυνατότητα αξιοποίησής τους για γεωδαιτικές εφαρμογές (δηλ. ακρίβειες λίγων cm) μέσω βιβλιογραφικής μελέτης αλλά και με δοκιμαστικές μετρήσεις με χρήση ενός Software Defined GNSS δέκτη που είναι εδώ και λίγα χρόνια διαθέσιμος στην αγορά (Trimble Catalyst). Από την εν λόγω μελέτη προκύπτει ότι υπάρχουν σημαντικές προοπτικές εξάπλωσης της τεχνολογίας αυτής σε εφαρμογές που απαιτούν γεωδαιτική ακρίβεια.
$β$-decay of N=126 isotones for the r-process nucleosynthesis
Creators: name: Nabi, Jameel-Un
name: Cakmak, Necla
name: Ullah, Asim
name: Khan, Asad Ullah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $β$-decay properties of nuclei with neutron number $N = 126$ is investigated in this paper. Two different versions of the proton-neutron quasi particle random phase (pn-QRPA) model were employed to compute $β$-decay rates and half-lives for the N = 126 isotones. The first set of calculation solves the pn-QRPA equations using the schematic model (SM) approach. The Woods-Saxon potential was employed as a mean-field basis. A spherical shape assigned for each waiting point nuclei throughout all simulations. Both allowed Gamow-Teller (GT) and first-forbidden (FF) transitions were considered in the particle-hole (ph) channel. The second set uses the pn-QRPA model in deformed Nilsson basis to calculate $β$-decay rates for allowed GT and unique first-forbidden (U1F) transitions under terrestrial and stellar conditions. Our results are in agreement with shell model findings that first-forbidden transitions lead to a considerable decrement in the calculated half-lives of the isotones. Inclusion of the first-forbidden contribution led to a decent agreement of our computed terrestrial $β$-decay half-lives with measured ones, much better than the previous calculations. The possible implication of the waiting point nuclei on r-process nucleosynthesis is discussed briefly.
description: 20 Pages, 4 Tables, 10 Figures
On the Detectability of Lyman-alpha Emission in Star-forming Galaxies: The Role of Dust
Creators: name: Atek, Hakim
name: Kunth, Daniel
name: Hayes, Matthew
name: Ostlin, Goeran
name: Mas-Hesse, J. Miguel
name: .
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lyman-alpha is now widely used to investigate the galaxy formation and evolution in the high redshift universe. However, without a rigorous understanding of the processes which regulate the Lya escape fraction, physical interpretations of high-z observations remain questionable. We examine six nearby star-forming galaxies to disentangle the role of the dust from other parameters such as gas kinematics, geometry and ISM morphology in the obscuration of Ly-alpha. Thereby we aim to understand the Ly-a escape physics and infer the implications for high-redshift studies. We use HST/ACS to produce continuum-subtracted Lya maps, and ground-based observations (ESO/NTT and NOT) to map the Halpha emission and the extinction E(B-V) in the gas phase derived from the Balmer decrement Halpha/Hbeta. When large outflows are present, the Lya emission appears not to correlate with the dust content, confirming the role of the HI kinematics in the escape of Lya photons. In the case of a dense, static HI covering, we observe a damped absorption with a declining relationship between Lya and E(B-V). We found that the Lya escape fraction does not exceed 10% in all our galaxies and is mostly about 3% or below. Finally, because of the radiative transfer complexity of the Lya line, star formation rate based on Lya luminosity is underestimated with respect to that derived from UV luminosity. The failure of simple dust correction to recover the intrinsic Lya/Ha ratio or the total star formation rate should prompt us to be more cautious when interpreting high-z observations and related properties, such as SFRs based on Lya alone. To this end we propose a more realistic calibration for SFR(Lya) which accounts for dust attenuation and resonant scattering effects via the Lya escape fraction.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A, 19 pages, 15 figures
A comparison of the effects of an investigative-based and a traditional laboratory program on students’ understanding of the process of science
Creators: name: McCarthy, Thomas Andrew
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of two approaches to laboratory work in changing student understanding of the processes of science. An author-designed investigative-based laboratory approach was compared to a traditional laboratory method as outlined in conventional laboratory manual texts. This investigation was undertaken to provide empirical data concerning the effectiveness of an approach used in teaching laboratory work during the past five years. The study was carried out in a senior high school in the B.C. Lower Mainland. The sample consisted of 41 students enrolled in two blocks of the author's Biology 12 classes. One block was the control group, assigned to use the traditional laboratory approach and the other was the experimental group assigned to be exposed to the investigative-based laboratory approach. The experimental phase of this study took place over the first three months of the calender year 1983. The students in both groups were pretested using the Welch Science Process Inventory (SPI) instrument during the first week of the study. Following exposure to treatment, the students were posttested using the same SPI instrument. Data obtained from the instrument was analyzed using analysis of covariance with the posttest as the criterion variable. The F values obtained from this analysis were compared with the critical F values that were required for significance at the 0.05 level. From the analysis of data, it was found from the adjusted posttest means, that there was a significant difference between the laboratory groups with respect to an understanding of the process of science. Specifically, the investigative-based laboratory group was found to have a statistically significantly greater understanding of the process of science than the traditional laboratory group. Although it was concluded that the experimental group possessed a significantly greater understanding of the process of science, caution was suggested in attempting to generalize the application of the results of this study outside the limiting confines of the study. Recommendations for further research were proposed.
Scar states in a system of interacting chiral fermions
Creators: name: Martin, I.
name: Matveev, K. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the nature of many-body eigenstates of a system of interacting chiral spinless fermions on a ring. We find a coexistence of fermionic and bosonic types of eigenstates in parts of the many-body spectrum. Some bosonic eigenstates, native to the strong interaction limit, persist at intermediate and weak couplings, enabling persistent density oscillations in the system, despite it being far from integrability.
description: 11 pages
Monte Carlo evaluation of FADE approach to anomalous kinetics
Creators: name: Marseguerra, M.
name: Zoia, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we propose a comparison between the CTRW (Monte Carlo) and Fractional Derivative approaches to the modelling of anomalous diffusion phenomena in the presence of an advection field. Galilei variant and invariant schemes are revised.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 4 of Changing professional behaviours: mixed methods study utilising psychological theories to evaluate an educational programme for UK medical doctors
Creators: name: Medisauskaite, Asta
name: Griffin, Ann
name: Viney, Rowena
name: Rashid, Ahmed
name: Rich, Antonia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine
Science Policy

description: Additional file 4.
Holmiceras havelense Aubrechtová & Korn 2022, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Aubrechtová, Martina
name: Korn, Dieter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Cephalopoda
Orthocerida
Lituitidae
Holmiceras
Holmiceras havelense

description: Holmiceras havelense sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: C92771A7-17B5-4838-8B38-62884C9AAA5C
Fig. 29, Table 8
Lituites aff. praecurrens – Neben & Krueger 1971: pl. 21 figs 2–3.
Diagnosis
Species of the genus Holmiceras with coiled part 21 mm in diameter; uncoiled part nearly straight; expansion angle 7°. Shell surface with growth lines and fine, irregularly spaced lirae.
Etymology
From the river Havel, which flows through the type region.
Type material
Holotype GERMANY • Brandenburg, Werder (Potsdam); Ordovician, Upper Red Orthoceratite Limestone; Neben and Krueger Coll.; previously illustrated by Neben & Krueger (1971: pl. 21 figs 2–3), reillustrated here in Fig. 29A; MB.C.30526.
Description
Holotype MB.C.30526 (Fig. 29A) consists of the coiled part (dm = 21 mm; coiling probably loose, the end of the last volution nearly in contact with the preceding whorl; WER ah = 2.60; WER dm = 2.90) and a short part of the almost straight uncoiled part (length = 29 mm; wh = 14 mm; EA ~ 7°). The delicate shell ornament consists of growth lines and thin lirae, some of which are more raised than others; any prominent annulation is absent. The lirae are laterally oblique, sloping towards the dorsal side; the ventral sinus is deep and rounded and the dorsal projection is flat (Fig. 29B). The CLR is between 0.20 and 0.25.
Remarks
Specimen MB.C.30526 fits in the diagnosis of Holmiceras but differs from all species of this genus in the more delicate ornament and a much smaller expansion angle of the uncoiled conch part (7° in the new species but 20° in the others).
Geographic and stratigraphic occurrence
The holotype is from Werder (Brandenburg, Germany) and comes from erratics (Aseri Regional Stage, middle Darriwilian, Middle Ordovician) in Pleistocene gravel.
description: Published as part of Aubrechtová, Martina & Korn, Dieter, 2022, Taxonomy and ontogeny of the Lituitida (Cephalopoda) from Orthoceratite Limestone erratics (Middle Ordovician), pp. 1-108 in European Journal of Taxonomy 799 (1) on pages 45-46, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.799.1681, http://zenodo.org/record/6341270
The Acoustic Resonant Drag Instability with a Spectrum of Grain Sizes
Creators: name: Squire, Jonathan
name: Moroianu, Stefania
name: Hopkins, Philip F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the linear growth and nonlinear saturation of the "acoustic Resonant Drag Instability" (RDI) when the dust grains, which drive the instability, have a wide, continuous spectrum of different sizes. This physics is generally applicable to dusty winds driven by radiation pressure, such as occurs around red-giant stars, star-forming regions, or active galactic nuclei. Depending on the physical size of the grains compared to the wavelength of the radiation field that drives the wind, two qualitatively different regimes emerge. In the case of grains that are larger than the radiation's wavelength -- termed the constant-drift regime -- the grain's equilibrium drift velocity through the gas is approximately independent of grain size, leading to strong correlations between differently sized grains that persist well into the saturated nonlinear turbulence. For grains that are smaller than the radiation's wavelength -- termed the non-constant-drift regime -- the linear instability grows more slowly than the single-grain-size RDI and only the larger grains exhibit RDI-like behavior in the saturated state. A detailed study of grain clumping and grain-grain collisions shows that outflows in the constant-drift regime may be effective sites for grain growth through collisions, with large collision rates but low collision velocities.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: Visual Art Generation for Music
title: Παραγωγή Οπτικής Τέχνης για Μουσική
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Papadopoulos, Nikolas
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πελοποννήσου
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Music Visualization
subject: Generative AI
subject: Multimodal
subject: Visual Art Generation
subject: Video Generation

description: Μ.Δ.Ε. 112
description: This thesis explores the potential use of Generative AI for visual art generation in music, introducing a tool named Deforum Music Visualizer. This tool enables the automatic creation of visual art from music and is built using Deforum Stable Diffusion, an open source, generative text-to-video diffusion framework. To incorporate both high- and low-level musical elements, it integrates extensive Music Information Retrieval (MIR) data into music informed settings, along with conditional generation based on the song’s album cover. A survey of 45 participants (balanced female/male ratio, ages 19–59) was conducted to evaluate the tool’s effectiveness. Regardless of the participants’ music background, the tool produced baseline results in the fully automated process, scoring 3.0 ± 1.06 for Mean Enjoyment and 2.93 ± 1.20 Mean ISA (incorporation of the song’s atmosphere) on the Likert scale (1-5). User-curated prompts provided a statistically significant improvement in the performace in both Mean Enjoyment (3.63 ± 1.03) and Mean ISA (3.74 ± 1.06). The github repository of the project is available here: https://github.com/nickpadd/DeforumMusicVisualizer.
Supplementary Materials for "A gel-coated air-liquid-interface culture system with tunable substrate stiffness matching healthy and diseased lung tissues"
Creators: name: He, ZJ
name: Chu, Catherine
name: Dickson, Riley
name: Okuda, Kenichi
name: Cai, Li-Heng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310102
subject: Cell development, proliferation and death
classificationCode: 400302
subject: Biomaterials
classificationCode: 400311
subject: Tissue engineering
classificationCode: 400307
subject: Mechanobiology

description: Supplementary materials and movies for gel coated air-liquid-interface cell culture system.
Additional file 5 of Changing professional behaviours: mixed methods study utilising psychological theories to evaluate an educational programme for UK medical doctors
Creators: name: Medisauskaite, Asta
name: Griffin, Ann
name: Viney, Rowena
name: Rashid, Ahmed
name: Rich, Antonia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine
Science Policy

description: Additional file 5.
Discovery of OH in Circumstellar Disks Around Young Intermediate-Mass Stars
Creators: name: Mandell, Avi M.
name: Mumma, Michael J.
name: Blake, Goeffrey A.
name: Bonev, Boncho P.
name: Villanueva, Geronimo L.
name: Salyk, Colette
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We detect emission from multiple low-excitation ro-vibrational transitions of OH from the two Herbig Ae stars AB Aurigae and MWC 758 in the 3.0 - 3.7 micron wavelength range (L-band), using the NIRSPEC instrument on Keck II. The inner radius for the emitting region in both stars is close to 1 AU. We compare an optically thin LTE model and a thin-wedge fluorescence model, finding rotational temperatures of 650 - 800 K and OH abundances of 10^42 - 10^45 molecules for the two stars. Comparisons with current chemical models support the fluorescence excitation model for AB Aurigae and possibly MWC 758, but further observations and detailed modeling are necessary to improve constraints on OH emission in different disk environments.
description: 9 pages, 1 table, 3 figures, accepted to ApJL
A Symmetry-orientated Divide-and-Conquer Method for Crystal Structure Prediction
Creators: name: Shao, Xuecheng
name: Lv, Jian
name: Liu, Peng
name: Shao, Sen
name: Gao, Pengyue
name: Liu, Hanyu
name: Wang, Yanchao
name: Ma, Yanming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Crystal structure prediction has been a subject of topical interest, but remains a substantial challenge, especially for complex structures as it deals with the global minimization of the extremely rugged high-dimensional potential energy surface. In this manuscript, a symmetry-orientated divide-and-conquer scheme was proposed to construct a symmetry tree graph, where the entire search space is decomposed into a finite number of symmetry-dependent subspaces. An artificial intelligence-based symmetry selection strategy was subsequently devised to select the low-lying subspaces with high symmetries for global exploration and in-depth exploitation. Our approach can significantly simplify the problem of crystal structure prediction by avoiding exploration of the most complex P1 subspace on the entire search space and have the advantage of preserving the crystal symmetry during structure evolution, making it well suitable for predicting the complex crystal structures. The effectiveness of the method has been validated by successful prediction of the candidate structures of binary Lennard-Jones mixtures and high-pressure phase of ice, containing more than one hundred atoms in the simulation cell. The work, therefore, opens up an opportunity towards achieving the long-sought goal for crystal structure prediction of complex systems.
Lepton emission rates of 43-64V isotopes under stellar conditions
Creators: name: Shehzadi, Ramoona
name: Nabi, Jameel-Un
name: Farooq, Fakeha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In astrophysical conditions prevalent during the late times of stellar evolution, lepton ($e^-$ and $e^+$) emission processes compete with the corresponding lepton capture processes. Prior to the collapse, lepton emissions significantly affect the cooling of the core and reduce its entropy. Therefore, the lepton emission rates for Fe-group nuclei serve as an important input for core-collapse simulations of high-mass stars.
 From earlier simulation studies, isotopes of vanadium (V) have great astrophysical significance in regard to their weak-decay rates, which substantially affect $Y_e$ (fraction of lepton to baryon number) during the final developmental stages of massive stars. The current study involves the computation of the weak lepton emission (LE) rates for V isotopes by employing the improved deformed proton-neutron Quasi-particle Random Phase Approximation (pn-QRPA) model. The mass numbers of the selected isotopes range from 43 to 64. The LE rates on these isotopes have been estimated for a broad spectrum of density and temperature under astrophysical conditions. The ranges considered for density and temperature are $10^1$ to $10^{11}$ (g/cm$^3$) and $10^7$ to $3 \times 10^{11}$ (K), respectively.
 The lepton emission rates from the present study were also compared to the rates previously estimated by using the independent-particle model (IPM) and large-scale shell model (LSSM). IPM rates are generally bigger than QRPA rates, while LSSM rates overall show a good comparison with the reported rates.
description: 24 Pages, 4 Figures, 5 Table
Exact solution of the Brueckner-Bethe-Goldstone equation with three-body forces in nuclear matter
Creators: name: Shang, Xin-Le
name: Dong, Jian-Min
name: Zuo, Wei
name: Yin, Peng
name: Lombardo4, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An exact treatment of the operators Q/e(ω) and the total momentum is adopted to solve the nuclear matter Bruecker-Bethe-Goldstone equation with two- and three-body forces. The single-particle potential, equation of state and nucleon effective mass are calculated from the exact G-matrix. The results are compared with those obtained under the angle-average approximation and the angle-average approximation with total momentum approximation. It is found that the angle-average procedure, whereas preventing huge calculations of coupled channels, nevertheless provides a fairly accurate approximation. On the contrary, the total momentum approximation turns out to be quite inaccurate compared to its exact counterpart.
Loop Quantum Dynamics of the Schwarzschild Interior
Creators: name: Boehmer, Christian G.
name: Vandersloot, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the Schwarzschild interior of a black hole, incorporating quantum gravitational modifications due to loop quantum gravity. We consider an improved loop quantization using techniques that have proven successful in loop quantum cosmology. The central Schwarzschild singularity is resolved and the implications for the fate of an in-falling test particle in the interior region is discussed. The singularity is replaced by a Nariai type Universe. We discuss the resulting conformal diagram, providing a clear geometrical interpretation of the quantum effects.
description: Update to match version accepted for publication in PRD
Additional file 6 of Changing professional behaviours: mixed methods study utilising psychological theories to evaluate an educational programme for UK medical doctors
Creators: name: Medisauskaite, Asta
name: Griffin, Ann
name: Viney, Rowena
name: Rashid, Ahmed
name: Rich, Antonia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine
Science Policy

description: Additional file 6.
Entropic rigidity of a crumpling network in a randomly folded thin sheet
Creators: name: Balankin, Alexander S.
name: Huerta, Orlando Susarrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied experimentally and theoretically the response of randomly folded hyperelastic and elastoplastic sheets on the uniaxial compression loading and the statistical properties of crumpling networks. The results of these studies reveal that the mechanical behavior of randomly folded sheets in the one-dimensional stress state is governed by the shape dependence of the crumpling network entropy. Following up on the original ideas by Edwards for granular materials, we derive an explicit force-compression relationship which precisely fits the experimental data for randomly folded matter. Experimental data also indicate that the entropic rigidity modulus scales as the power of the mass density of the folded ball with universal scaling exponent.
description: 34 page, 9 figures
Preactive teaching practice of female elementary teachers
Creators: name: Ballhorn, Barbara Jean
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The purposes of this general, speculative study were to describe how teachers think about the decisions they make during preactive planning; and to describe the bases teachers use in arriving at the decisions they make. The theoretical framework of the investigation was based on three methods that teachers are thought to use when they fix belief. They were the method of authority, the method of science, and the method of practical reasoning. The study involved interviewing 20 fulltime, female, Grade 4 teachers selected from a large, metropolitan district in a Western Canadian province. The sample included teachers who held a B.Ed, degree from the University of British Columbia; possessed a permanent teaching contract or at least a three year temporary contract in the district; and had at least three years of teaching experience. The major findings and conclusions of this study were: 1. Teachers used the method of practical reasoning in basing their planning decisions when they felt confident about the knowledge level of the subject; 2. Teachers relied moderately to heavily on materials and/or programs developed by others but felt that these materials needed to be previewed and adapted to their individual teaching styles and perspectives; 3. Teacher planning behavior was influenced to a large degree by two external factors -student characteristics and availability of time and materials. The implications of these findings on formulating district program policy are significant. By holding the assumption that what teachers do is affected by what they think, these findings are interim steps that may help educators understand more about the preactive planning process. Although it is unreasonable to assume that all teachers plan the same way, measures might be taken in a general way to recommend improvements in preservice and inservice education of teachers.
title: The Shared Experiences of Novice, Full-Time Allied Dental Community College Educators
Creators: name: Mesimer, Misty L.
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: A well-prepared oral healthcare workforce is essential to the overall health of the general population. A knowledgeable and qualified workforce would be non-existent without strong academic programs and faculty to prepare oral health professionals. For over 20 years, the dental and allied dental educator workforce has been a concern for the oral health professions. Since most allied dental education programs are based in community and technical colleges, it is crucial to thoroughly understand the transition experiences of faculty teaching at these institutions. It is only through application and use of this knowledge that these faculty can be recruited, supported, and retained.

This research focused on novice, allied dental faculty employed at community colleges in the United States. Focus groups with dental assisting and dental hygiene program directors and interviews with allied dental educators informed the findings. The major findings discovered from the focus groups and interviews revealed the experiences and challenges of new full-time allied dental faculty. Five major themes emerged: (1) New faculty accept their role without a clear understanding of the job; (2) New faculty experience fear, happiness, responsibility, pride, and surprise; (3) New faculty experience challenges related to technology, leadership, and work environment; (4) There is invisible labor placed on new and seasoned allied dental faculty; and (5) Novice allied dental educators experience stages similar to those found in the Nurse Educator Transition Theory but not always in a sequential manner.
Molecular opacities for low-mass metal-poor AGB stars undergoing the Third Dredge Up
Creators: name: Cristallo, S.
name: Straniero, O.
name: Lederer, M. T.
name: Aringer, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The concomitant overabundances of C, N and s-process elements are commonly ascribed to the complex interplay of nucleosynthesis, mixing and mass loss taking place in Asymptotic Giant Branch stars. At low metallicity, the enhancement of C and/or N may be up to 1000 times larger than the original iron content and significantly affects the stellar structure and its evolution. For this reason, the interpretation of the already available and still growing amount of data concerning C-rich metal-poor stars belonging to our Galaxy as well as to dwarf spheroidal galaxies would require reliable AGB stellar models for low and very low metallicities. In this paper we address the question of calculation and use of appropriate opacity coefficients, which take into account the C enhancement caused by the third dredge up. A possible N enhancement, caused by the cool bottom process or by the engulfment of protons into the convective zone generated by a thermal pulse and the subsequent huge third dredge up, is also considered. Basing on up-to-date stellar models, we illustrate the changes induced by the use of these opacity on the physical and chemical properties expected for these stars.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Ultradeep Near-Infrared Observations of GOODS 850-5
Creators: name: Wang, Wei-Hao
name: Barger, Amy J.
name: Cowie, Lennox L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: GOODS 850-5 is a hyperluminous radio-faint submillimeter source in the GOODS-N. Although it is generally agreed that GOODS 850-5 is at a high redshift z>~4, its exact redshift is unknown. While its stellar SED suggests z~6, its radio/FIR SED suggests a lower redshift of z~4. To better constrain its stellar SED and redshift, we carried out nano-Jansky sensitivity ultradeep NIR observations between 1.2 and 2.1 um with the HST and the 8 m Subaru Telescope. Even with such great depths we did not detect GOODS 850-5, and the results show that it is an extremely curious source. Between the Ks and 3.6 um bands its spectral slope is >3x that of an ERO, and the flux ratio between the two bands is >8x that of Lyman breaks. It is quite challenging to explain this unusually red color without a Lyman break (which would imply z>17). It requires a large amount (M* ~ 10^11.5 Msun) of reddened old stars at z~6, coexisting with an even more extinguished violent ~2400-4400 Msun/yr starburst, which does not have any associated detectable rest-frame UV radiation. We discuss the discrepancy between the NIR and radio/FIR photometric redshifts. We conclude that GOODS 850-5 is at least at z>4 and is more likely at z>~6. We describe the unusual properties of GOODS 850-5, including its SED and formation history, and we discuss the implications of such massive z>6 galaxies.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, ApJ accepted
Effective growth of matter density fluctuations in the running LCDM and LXCDM models
Creators: name: Grande, Javier
name: Opher, Reuven
name: Pelinson, Ana
name: Sola, Joan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the matter density fluctuations δρ/ρfor two dark energy (DE) models in the literature in which the cosmological term Λis a running parameter. In the first model, the running LCDM model, matter and DE exchange energy, whereas in the second model, the LXCDM model, the total DE and matter components are conserved separately. The LXCDM model was proposed as an interesting solution to the cosmic coincidence problem. It includes an extra dynamical component, the "cosmon" X, which interacts with the running Λ, but not with matter. In our analysis we make use of the current value of the linear bias parameter, b^2(0)= P_{GG}/P_{MM}, where P_{MM} ~ (δρ/ρ)^2 is the present matter power spectrum and P_{GG} is the galaxy fluctuation power spectrum. The former can be computed within a given model, and the latter is found from the observed LSS data (at small z) obtained by the 2dF galaxy redshift survey. It is found that b^2(0)=1 within a 10% accuracy for the standard LCDM model. Adopting this limit for any DE model and using a method based on the effective equation of state for the DE, we can set a limit on the growth of matter density perturbations for the running LCDM model, the solution of which is known. This provides a good test of the procedure, which we then apply to the LXCDM model in order to determine the physical region of parameter space, compatible with the LSS data. In this region, the LXCDM model is consistent with known observations and provides at the same time a viable solution to the cosmic coincidence problem.
description: LaTeX, 38 pages, 8 figures. Version accepted in JCAP
Gravitational wave trispectrum in the axion-SU(2) model
Creators: name: Fujita, Tomohiro
name: Murai, Kai
name: Obata, Ippei
name: Shiraishi, Maresuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the trispectrum of the gravitational waves (GWs) generated through the dynamics of an axionic spectator field and SU(2) gauge fields during inflation. In non-Abelian gauge theory, the gauge fields have four-point self-interactions, which induce the tree-level GW trispectrum. We formulate this type of the GW trispectrum including the non-dynamical contributions and evaluate it in the equilateral limit as a unique signal of this model. We find that the ratio of the GW trispectrum to the cube of the scalar power spectrum can be as large as $\mathcal{O}(10^6)$ in the viable parameter space, which could be captured in the CMB observations.
description: 28 pages, 6 figures
Belief Propagation as Diffusion
Creators: name: Peltre, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce novel belief propagation algorithms to estimate the marginals of a high dimensional probability distribution. They involve natural (co)homological constructions relevant for a localised description of statistical systems.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, GSI'21 conference
Conservación de la biodiversidad y gestión de especies invasoras : el caso de los hipopótamos en Colombia
Creators: name: Patiño Hurtado, Jorge Andrés
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Recursos naturales - Aspectos jurídicos
subject: Fauna - Estudios de caso
subject: Derecho ambiental - Legislación
subject: Hipopótamos
subject: Especies invasoras
subject: Biodiversidad
subject: Colombia
subject: Derechos de la naturaleza
subject: Manejo de fauna silvestre

description: La introducción de hipopótamos en Colombia por el narcotraficante Pablo Escobar Gaviria en la década de los ochenta desencadenó en una invasión que hoy amenaza la biodiversidad nativa. La presente investigación analiza la problemática ambiental generada por esta especie invasora y las razones detrás de su complejo manejo. Para ello se estudian las características físicas de este animal, así como sus principales efectos en el medio ambiente, se analizan las medidas de control que se discuten actualmente y se explora el marco legal colombiano sobre fauna silvestre, también se aborda el debate ético sobre los derechos de la naturaleza ahondando en cómo la adopción acrítica de postulados animalistas puede obstaculizar el control efectivo de la invasión. Este estudio destaca, en cuanto a la gestión de especies invasoras, la importancia de adoptar un enfoque pragmático basado en evidencia científica.
description: The introduction of hippos into Colombia by drug trafficker Pablo Escobar Gaviria in the 1980s triggered an invasion that now threatens native biodiversity. This research analyses the environmental problems caused by this invasive species and the reasons for its complex management. To achieve this, the physical characteristics of this animal are studied, as well as its main impacts on the environment. The control measures currently under discussion are analysed and the Colombian legal framework on wildlife is studied. The ethical debate on the rights of nature is also addressed, looking at how the uncritical adoption of animalist postulates can hinder effective control of the invasion. This study highlights the importance of a pragmatic, science-based approach to invasive species management.
The Evolution of Circumstellar Disks in Ophiuchus Binaries
Creators: name: Patience, J.
name: Akeson, R. L.
name: Jensen, E. L. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Four Ophiuchus binaries, two Class I systems and two Class II systems, with separations of ~450-1100 AU, were observed with the Owens Valley Radio Observatory (OVRO) millimeter interferometer. In each system, the 3 mm continuum maps show dust emission at the location of the primary star, but no emission at the position of the secondary. This result is different from observations of less evolved Class 0 binaries, in which dust emission is detected from both sources. The nondetection of secondary disks is, however, similar to the dust distribution seen in wide Class II Taurus binaries. The combined OVRO results from the Ophiuchus and Taurus binaries suggest that secondary disk masses are significantly lower than primary disk masses by the Class II stage, with initial evidence that massive secondary disks are reduced by the Class I stage. Although some of the secondaries retain hot inner disk material, the early dissipation of massive outer disks may negatively impact planet formation around secondary stars. Masses for the circumprimary disks are within the range of masses measured for disks around single T Tauri stars and, in some cases, larger than the minimum mass solar nebula. More massive primary disks are predicted by several formation models and are broadly consistent with the observations. Combining the 3 mm data with previous 1.3 mm observations, the dust opacity power-law index for each primary disk is estimated. The opacity index values are all less than the scaling for interstellar dust, possibly indicating grain growth within the circumprimary disks.
Dynamics of microstructure anisotropy and rheology of soft jammed suspensions
Creators: name: Cuny, Nicolas
name: Bertin, Éric
name: Mari, Romain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the rheology predicted by a recently proposed constitutive model for jammed suspensions of soft elastic particles derived from particle-level dynamics [Cuny et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 218003 (2021)]. Our model predicts that the orientation of the anisotropy of the microstructure, governed by an interplay between advection and contact elasticity, plays a key role at yielding and in flow. It generates normal stress differences contributing significantly to the yield criterion and Trouton ratio. It gives rise to non-trivial transients such as stress overshoots in step increases of shear rate, residual stresses after flow cessation and power-law decay of the shear rate in creep. Finally, it explains the collapse of storage modulus as measured in parallel superposition for a yielded suspension.
description: 12 pages, 7 figs
Nonlinear definition of the shadowy mode in higher-order scalar-tensor theories
Creators: name: De Felice, Antonio
name: Mukohyama, Shinji
name: Takahashi, Kazufumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study U-DHOST theories, i.e., higher-order scalar-tensor theories which are degenerate only in the unitary gauge and yield an apparently unstable extra mode in a generic coordinate system. We show that the extra mode satisfies a three-dimensional elliptic differential equation on a spacelike hypersurface, and hence it does not propagate. We clarify how to treat this "shadowy" mode at both the linear and the nonlinear levels.
description: 10 pages
Additional file 1 of The mutational landscape of human olfactory G protein-coupled receptors
Creators: name: Jimenez, Ramón Cierco
name: Casajuana-Martin, Nil
name: García-Recio, Adrián
name: Alcántara, Lidia
name: Pardo, Leonardo
name: Campillo, Mercedes
name: Gonzalez, Angel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Nucleotide sequencing data sources used in the study. Table S2. Number of mutations in human ORs collected in the study. Table S3. Human ORs genes with functional annotation excluded from the study. Table S4. Conserved topological sites with functional implication in the GPCR activity. Table S5. Non-olfactory class A GPCRs used in topological annotation.
Proof of universality in one-dimensional few-body systems including anisotropic interactions
Creators: name: Happ, Lucas
name: Efremov, Maxim A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide an analytical proof of universality for bound states in one-dimensional systems of two and three particles, valid for short-range interactions with negative or vanishing integral over space. The proof is performed in the limit of weak pair-interactions and covers both binding energies and wave functions. Moreover, in this limit the results are formally shown to converge to the respective ones found in the case of the zero-range contact interaction.