cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Supernovae Powered by Collapsar Accretion in Gamma-Ray Burst Sources
Creators: name: Milosavljevic, Milos
name: Lindner, Christopher C.
name: Shen, Rongfeng
name: Kumar, Pawan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The association of long-duration gamma-ray bursts (LGRBs) with Type Ic supernovae presents a challenge to supernova explosion models. In the collapsar model for LGRBs, gamma rays are produced in an ultrarelativistic jet launching from the magnetosphere of the black hole that forms in the aftermath of the collapse of a rotating progenitor star. The jet is collimated along the star's rotation axis, but the concomitant luminous supernova should be relatively--though certainly not entirely--spherical, and should synthesize a substantial mass of 56Ni. Our goal is to provide a qualitative assessment of the possibility that accretion of the progenitor envelope onto the black hole, which powers the LGRB, could also deposit sufficient energy and nickel mass in the envelope to produce a luminous supernova. For this, the energy dissipated near the black hole during accretion must be transported outward, where it can drive a supernova-like shockwave. Here we suggest that the energy is transported by convection and develop an analytical toy model, relying on global mass and energy conservation, for the dynamics of stellar collapse. The model suggests that a ~10,000 km/s shock can be driven into the envelope and that ~10^51 erg explosions are possible. The efficiency with which the accretion energy is being transferred to the envelope is governed by the competition of advection and convection at distances ~100-1,000 km from the black hole and is sensitive to the values of the convective mixing length, the magnitude of the effective viscous stress, and the specific angular momentum of the infalling envelope. Substantial masses of 56Ni may be synthesized in the convective accretion flow over the course of tens of seconds from the initial circularization of the infalling envelope around the black hole. The synthesized nickel is convectively mixed with a much larger mass of unburned ejecta.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
The Plateau de Bure Neutron Monitor: design, operation and Monte-Carlo simulation
Creators: name: Semikh, S.
name: Serre, S.
name: Autran, J. L.
name: Munteanu, D.
name: Sauze, S.
name: Yakushev, E.
name: Rozov, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper describes the Plateau de Bure Neutron Monitor (PdBNM), an instrument providing continuous ground-level measurements of atmospheric secondary neutron flux resulting from the interaction of primary cosmic rays with the Earth's atmosphere. The detector is installed on the Plateau de Bure (Devoluy mountains, south of France, latitude North 44° 38' 02", longitude East 5° 54' 26", altitude 2555 m) as a part of the ASTEP Platform (Altitude Single-event effects Test European Platform), a permanent installation dedicated to the study of the impact of terrestrial natural radiation on microelectronics circuit reliability. The present paper reports the neutron monitor design, its operation since August 2008 and its complete numerical simulation using the Monte Carlo codes GEANT4 and MCNPX. We particularly detail the computation of the neutron monitor detection response function for neutrons, muons, protons and pions, the comparison between GEANT4 and MCNPX numerical results and the evaluation of the PdBNM counting rate a function of both the nature and flux of the incident atmospheric particles.
description: 37 pages, 14 figures, 5 tables; numerical error in GEANT4 particle sourse corrected, section 4.4 was significantly revised. Submitted to IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science
Semianalytical treatment of current density of particles injected by a monoenergetic source
Creators: name: Goncharov, P. R.
name: Kuteev, B. V.
name: Sergeev, V. Yu.
name: Ozaki, T.
name: Sudo, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper extends the semianalytical treatment of fast ion current density to take into account time dependence and velocity diffusion using solutions of Boltzmann equation with a complete Coulomb collision term (Goncharov et al. 2010 Phys. Plasmas 17 112313). An arbitrary angle distribution of the fast ion source is assumed. The results are applicable to multi-ion-species plasma. Since analytical results provide an extra physical insight and constitute a reliable basis for verification of numerical codes, it is desirable to obtain exact solutions where possible. New results clarify the discrepancies between analytical formulae in earlier bibliography and improve the physical basis of neutral beam injection current drive.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, 1 table
Gastroesophageal reflux GWAS identifies risk loci that also associate with subsequent severe esophageal diseases
Creators: name: An, Jiyuan
name: Gharahkhani, Puya
name: Law, Matthew H.
name: Ong, Jue-Sheng
name: Han, Xikun
name: Olsen, Catherine M.
name: Neale, Rachel E.
name: Lai, John
name: Vaughan, Tom L.
name: Gockel, Ines
name: Thieme, René
name: Böhmer, Anne C.
name: Jankowski, Janusz
name: Fitzgerald, Rebecca C.
name: Schumacher, Johannes
name: Palles, Claire
name: Whiteman, David C.
name: MacGregor, Stuart
name: Gammon, Marilie D.
name: Corley, Douglas A.
name: Shaheen, Nicholas J.
name: Bird, Nigel C.
name: Hardie, Laura J.
name: Murray, Liam J.
name: Reid, Brian J.
name: Chow, Wong-Ho
name: Risch, Harvey A.
name: Ye, Weimin
name: Liu, Geoffrey
name: Romero, Yvonne
name: Bernstein, Leslie
name: Wu, Anna H.
name: Agee, M.
name: Alipanahi, B.
name: Auton, A.
name: Bell, R. K.
name: Bryc, K.
name: Elson, S. L.
name: Fontanillas, P.
name: Furlotte, N. A.
name: Hinds, D. A.
name: Huber, K. E.
name: Kleinman, A.
name: Litterman, N. K.
name: McIntyre, M. H.
name: Mountain, J. L.
name: Noblin, E. S.
name: Northover, C. A. M.
name: Pitts, S. J.
name: Sathirapongsasuti, J. Fah
name: Sazonova, O. V.
name: Shelton, J. F.
name: Shringarpure, S.
name: Tian, C.
name: Tung, J. Y.
name: Vacic, V.
name: Wilson, C. H.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Article
/631/67/1504/1477
/631/208/68
/631/208/205/2138
/692/699/1503/1476/196
/45/43
/38/39
article

description: Funder: The Swedish Esophageal Cancer Study was funded by grants (R01 CA57947-03) from the National Cancer Institute he California Tobacco Related Research Program (3RT-0122; and; 10RT-0251) Marit Peterson Fund for Melanoma Research. CIDR is supported by contract HHSN268200782096C
description: Abstract: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is caused by gastric acid entering the esophagus. GERD has high prevalence and is the major risk factor for Barrett’s esophagus (BE) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA). We conduct a large GERD GWAS meta-analysis (80,265 cases, 305,011 controls), identifying 25 independent genome-wide significant loci for GERD. Several of the implicated genes are existing or putative drug targets. Loci discovery is greatest with a broad GERD definition (including cases defined by self-report or medication data). Further, 91% of the GERD risk-increasing alleles also increase BE and/or EA risk, greatly expanding gene discovery for these traits. Our results map genes for GERD and related traits and uncover potential new drug targets for these conditions.
title: »im Zeichen der Aufklärung«
title: Das »Handbuch der Chorleitung« als Mittel zur Verbreitung der marxistisch-leninistischen Geschichtsauffassung bei der Rezeption von Musik vor 1800
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Stoffregen, Lukas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: musicology
history
rezeption
20th century
GDR
socialism
baroque
early music
choir
performance practice

description: Das »Handbuch der Chorleitung« (Leipzig, 1981) ist ein zweiteiliges Handbuch mit Beiträgen zu dirigentischen Methoden, Aspekten der Leitung eines Chores sowie Repertoirekunde und Aufführungspraxis verschiedener Epochen der Chorliteratur. Es vermittelt Musikauffassung an Multiplikator:innen, hauptsächlich Leiter:innen von Laienchören – Verbreitungsräume, die Musikrezeption praktizieren und so das »Machtinstrument« Musik erleben, leben und erleben lassen. 
Im Rahmen des Posters werden erste Erkenntnisse zum Handbuch präsentiert. An Beiträgen zur historischen Einordnung lassen sich Narrative der Rezeption ›Alter Musik‹ nachweisen, die im Rahmen anderer Vorhaben jüngst beschrieben wurden. Außerdem geben u. a. die Notenbeispiele und die Repertoireempfehlungen Aufschluss über die Implikation dieser theoretischen Ideen und aufführungspraktischer Vorstellungen in Kapitel zur musikalischen Praxis. Informationen zur historisch-informierten Aufführungspraxis werden, so die These des Verfassers, in die Narrative der marxistisch-leninistischen Musikrezeption als Teil des »historischen Erschließens« eingegliedert.
description: The "Handbuch der Chorleitung" (Handbook of Choral Conducting) (Leipzig, 1981) is a two-part manual including contributions on conducting methods, aspects of choral leadership as well as repertoire knowledge and performance practice comprising various eras of choral literature. It showing musical concepts to multipliers, espaccialy conductors of amateur choirs – areas of distribution in which music reception is actively practiced, allowing individuals to experience, live, and share the "power tool" music.
Within the context of this poster, initial results about the handbook are presented. Contributions to historical contextualization are revealing narratives of the reception of 'early music,' as described in recent projects. Furthermore, insights from musical examples and repertoire recommendations are giving an idea of the implications of these theoretical ideas and performance concepts in chapters dedicated to musical practice. The author posits that information on historically informed performance practice is integrated into the narratives of Marxist-Leninist music reception as part of "historisches Erschließen" (historical exploration).
The integral estimations for ordinary differential equations and its application to the non-smooth optimal control problems
Creators: name: Dokuchaev, Nikolai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49K45, 49K15, 49K15, 34A99

description: The paper studies integral functionals with non-smooth functions from L_2 defined on solutions of ODEs. Some regularity is obtained in the form of estimates of L_2-norm for these functionals. This result is used for regularization of optimal control problems for ODEs with non-smooth functionals: it is suggested to replace the initial vector by a random vector with density. Necessary conditions of optimality and sufficient conditions of existence of optimal control are obtained.
Black holes in Einstein-aether and Horava-Lifshitz gravity
Creators: name: Barausse, Enrico
name: Jacobson, Ted
name: Sotiriou, Thomas P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study spherical black-hole solutions in Einstein-aether theory, a Lorentz-violating gravitational theory consisting of General Relativity with a dynamical unit timelike vector (the "aether") that defines a preferred timelike direction. These are also solutions to the infrared limit of Horava-Lifshitz gravity. We explore parameter values of the two theories where all presently known experimental constraints are satisfied, and find that spherical black-hole solutions of the type expected to form by gravitational collapse exist for all those parameters. Outside the metric horizon, the deviations away from the Schwarzschild metric are typically no more than a few percent for most of the explored parameter regions, which makes them difficult to observe with electromagnetic probes, but in principle within reach of future gravitational-wave detectors. Remarkably, we find that the solutions possess a universal horizon, not far inside the metric horizon, that traps waves of any speed relative to the aether. A notion of black hole thus persists in these theories, even in the presence of arbitrarily high propagation speeds.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures; v2: typos corrected, matches published version
Trust in genomic data sharing among members of the general public in the UK, USA, Canada and Australia
Creators: name: Milne, Richard
name: Morley, Katherine I.
name: Howard, Heidi
name: Niemiec, Emilia
name: Nicol, Dianne
name: Critchley, Christine
name: Prainsack, Barbara
name: Vears, Danya
name: Smith, James
name: Steed, Claire
name: Bevan, Paul
name: Atutornu, Jerome
name: Farley, Lauren
name: Goodhand, Peter
name: Thorogood, Adrian
name: Kleiderman, Erika
name: Middleton, Anna
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Original Investigation
Data sharing
Public
Trust
Genome
Donation
Survey

description: Abstract: Trust may be important in shaping public attitudes to genetics and intentions to participate in genomics research and big data initiatives. As such, we examined trust in data sharing among the general public. A cross-sectional online survey collected responses from representative publics in the USA, Canada, UK and Australia (n = 8967). Participants were most likely to trust their medical doctor and less likely to trust other entities named. Company researchers were least likely to be trusted. Low, Variable and High Trust classes were defined using latent class analysis. Members of the High Trust class were more likely to be under 50 years, male, with children, hold religious beliefs, have personal experience of genetics and be from the USA. They were most likely to be willing to donate their genomic and health data for clinical and research uses. The Low Trust class were less reassured than other respondents by laws preventing exploitation of donated information. Variation in trust, its relation to areas of concern about the use of genomic data and potential of legislation are considered. These findings have relevance for efforts to expand genomic medicine and data sharing beyond those with personal experience of genetics or research participants.
Additional file 1 of Daily variation in sleep characteristics in individuals with and without post traumatic stress disorder
Creators: name: Biggs, Quinn M.
name: Ursano, Robert J.
name: Wang, Jing
name: Wynn, Gary H.
name: Amin, Rohul
name: Fullerton, Carol S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1. Supplements 1-4c.
Candijay Fishery and Agricultural Household Registration Management and Decision Support System (C-FARMS)
Creators: name: Auxtero, Alma Mae
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: decision support system
registration system
agriculture and fishery information system

description: This project aims to develop the Candijay Fishery and Agricultural household Registration and Management System (C-FARMS), a decision support system to assist the Municipal Agriculture Office (MAO) in managing its programs for registered farming and fisheries households in the municipality of Candijay. The system focuses on record-keeping and program beneficiary selection to aid the MAO in fulfilling its mandate to promote agriculture and fisheries development among constituents. The project followed the Rapid Application Development model and resulted in a threetiered web application using ReactJS, NodeJS, GraphQL API, and PostgreSQL. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) was used to validate and verify the system, including administering online surveys and conducting end-to-end testing with Cypress. Results showed that users found the system to be acceptable and all test cases passed. The system is ready for deployment to the MAO, but maintenance plans should be implemented to ensure continued effectiveness.
Effective swimming strategies in low Reynolds number flows
Creators: name: Olla, Piero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Other Quantitative Biology (q-bio.OT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The optimal strategy for a microscopic swimmer to migrate across a linear shear flow is discussed. The two cases, in which the swimmer is located at large distance, and in the proximity of a solid wall, are taken into account. It is shown that migration can be achieved by means of a combination of sailing through the flow and swimming, where the swimming strokes are induced by the external flow without need of internal energy sources or external drives. The structural dynamics required for the swimmer to move in the desired direction is discussed and two simple models, based respectively on the presence of an elastic structure, and on an orientation dependent friction, to control the deformations induced by the external flow, are analyzed. In all cases, the deformation sequence is a generalization of the tank-treading motion regimes observed in vesicles in shear flows. Analytic expressions for the migration velocity as a function of the deformation pattern and amplitude are provided. The effects of thermal fluctuations on propulsion have been discussed and the possibility that noise be exploited to overcome the limitations imposed on the microswimmer by the scallop theorem have been discussed.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
Internet-based small changes for young adults' life longevity and weight health : the iSCALE feasibility study
Creators: name: Felske, Ashley Nicole
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: Lifestyle, developmental, and transitional factors contribute to young adults gaining weight faster than any other age group and at a rate faster than previous generations. Left untreated, overweight and obesity increases the risk for chronic conditions and can reduce the quality and length of life. A weight management approach per 2020 clinical practice guidelines is Small Changes, a cognitive-behavioural healthy lifestyle program that promotes modest (i.e., gradual changes relative to a person’s baseline behavioural levels) and self-selected (i.e., non-prescriptive) diet and physical activity changes. Small Changes has positively impacted psychological and physical health outcomes among difficult-to-treat populations, but has not yet been tested among young adults. This study assessed the acceptability and feasibility of a self-paced, online-delivered, podcast- and community forum-augmented version of Small Changes among young adults. The secondary aims evaluated the impact on weight, symptoms of depression and anxiety, self-compassion, and frequency of weight control strategies. Fifteen modules included cognitive-behavioural-based content, and five modules included an accompanying podcast. For social support, participants had access to an optional online community forum. Fifty-two participants self-reported their height and weight and completed an online questionnaire package at pre-intervention and 27 at post-intervention (12 weeks). The intervention was largely acceptable to completers, as the average satisfaction rating across modules was 8.30/10.00 and the average likelihoods that a participant would continue to use the skills learned and recommend the modules to another individual were 76.09% and 74.30%, respectively. Completers tended to be younger and have a lower starting weight and BMI than those that dropped out. Average weight change was -1.08kgs; further, 42.90% of the sample lost 3% or more of their total body weight. Symptoms of depression and anxiety did not significantly improve pre- to post-intervention, nor did levels of self-compassion; however, the frequency of weight control strategies did significantly increase pre- to post-intervention. The intervention was feasible in terms of recruitment ease (e.g., two weeks duration and cost $5.00 per participant), but not in terms of adherence (35.96%) or retention (46.65%).
Birth weight, cardiometabolic risk factors and effect modification of physical activity in children and adolescents: pooled data from 12 international studies
Creators: name: Bernhardsen, Guro Pauck
name: Stensrud, Trine
name: Hansen, Bjørge Herman
name: Steene-Johannesen, Jostein
name: Kolle, Elin
name: Nystad, Wenche
name: Anderssen, Sigmund Alfred
name: Hallal, Pedro C.
name: Janz, Kathleen F.
name: Kriemler, Susi
name: Andersen, Lars Bo
name: Northstone, Kate
name: Resaland, Geir Kåre
name: Sardinha, Luis B.
name: Van Sluijs, Esther M. F.
name: Ried-Larsen, Mathias
name: Ekelund, Ulf
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
/692/700/1720
/692/700/478/174
/692/499
article

description: Abstract: Objectives: Low and high birth weight is associated with higher levels of cardiometabolic risk factors and adiposity in children and adolescents, and increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and early mortality later in life. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is associated with lower cardiometabolic risk factors and may mitigate the detrimental consequences of high or low birth weight. Thus, we examined whether MVPA modified the associations between birth weight and cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents. Methods: We used pooled individual data from 12 cohort- or cross-sectional studies including 9,100 children and adolescents. Birth weight was measured at birth or maternally reported retrospectively. Device-measured physical activity (PA) and cardiometabolic risk factors were measured in childhood or adolescence. We tested for associations between birth weight, MVPA, and cardiometabolic risk factors using multilevel linear regression, including study as a random factor. We tested for interaction between birth weight and MVPA by introducing the interaction term in the models (birth weight x MVPA). Results: Most of the associations between birth weight (kg) and cardiometabolic risk factors were not modified by MVPA (min/day), except between birth weight and waist circumference (cm) in children (p = 0.005) and HDL-cholesterol (mmol/l) in adolescents (p = 0.040). Sensitivity analyses suggested that some of the associations were modified by VPA, i.e., the associations between birth weight and diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) in children (p = 0.009) and LDL- cholesterol (mmol/l) (p = 0.009) and triglycerides (mmol/l) in adolescents (p = 0.028). Conclusion: MVPA appears not to consistently modify the associations between low birth weight and cardiometabolic risk. In contrast, MVPA may mitigate the association between higher birth weight and higher waist circumference in children. MVPA is consistently associated with a lower cardiometabolic risk across the birth weight spectrum. Optimal prenatal growth and subsequent PA are both important in relation to cardiometabolic health in children and adolescents.
Holographic superconductor in the exact hairy black hole
Creators: name: Myung, Yun Soo
name: Park, Chanyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the charged black hole of hyperbolic horizon with scalar hair (charged Martinez-Troncoso-Zanelli: CMTZ black hole) as a model of analytic hairy black hole for holographic superconductor. For this purpose, we investigate the second order phase transition between CMTZ and hyperbolic Reissner-Nordström-AdS (HRNAdS) black holes. However, this transition unlikely occur. As an analytic treatment for holographic superconductor, we develop superconductor in the bulk and superfluidity on the boundary using the CMTZ black hole below the critical temperature. The presence of charge destroys the condensates around the zero temperature, which is in accord with the thermodynamic analysis of the CMTZ black hole.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures, version to appear in PLB
Higgs friends and counterfeits at hadron colliders
Creators: name: Fox, Patrick J.
name: Tucker-Smith, David
name: Weiner, Neal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the possibility of "Higgs counterfeits" - scalars that can be produced with cross sections comparable to the SM Higgs, and which decay with identical relative observable branching ratios, but which are nonetheless not responsible for electroweak symmetry breaking. We also consider a related scenario involving "Higgs friends," fields similarly produced through gg fusion processes, which would be discovered through diboson channels WW, ZZ, gamma gamma, or even gamma Z, potentially with larger cross sections times branching ratios than for the Higgs. The discovery of either a Higgs friend or a Higgs counterfeit, rather than directly pointing towards the origin of the weak scale, would indicate the presence of new colored fields necessary for the sizable production cross section (and possibly new colorless but electroweakly charged states as well, in the case of the diboson decays of a Higgs friend). These particles could easily be confused for an ordinary Higgs, perhaps with an additional generation to explain the different cross section, and we emphasize the importance of vector boson fusion as a channel to distinguish a Higgs counterfeit from a true Higgs. Such fields would naturally be expected in scenarios with "effective Z's," where heavy states charged under the SM produce effective charges for SM fields under a new gauge force. We discuss the prospects for discovery of Higgs counterfeits, Higgs friends, and associated charged fields at the LHC.
description: 27 pages, 5 figures. References added and typos fixed
Additional file 1 of Experimental conditions influence the formation and composition of the corona around gold nanoparticles
Creators: name: Md. Nazir Hossen
name: Elechalawar, Chandra Kumar
name: Sjoelund, Virginie
name: Moore, Kathleen
name: Mannel, Robert
name: Bhattacharya, Resham
name: Priyabrata Mukherjee
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary figures.
Perturbative interpretation of relativistic symmetries in nuclei
Creators: name: Liang, Haozhao
name: Zhao, Pengwei
name: Zhang, Ying
name: Meng, Jie
name: Van Giai, Nguyen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Perturbation theory is used systematically to investigate the symmetries of the Dirac Hamiltonian and their breaking in atomic nuclei. Using the perturbation corrections to the single-particle energies and wave functions, the link between the single-particle states in realistic nuclei and their counterparts in the symmetry limits is discussed. It is shown that the limit of S-V=const and relativistic harmonic oscillator (RHO) potentials can be connected to the actual Dirac Hamiltonian by the perturbation method, while the limit of S+V=const cannot, where S and V are the scalar and vector potentials, respectively. This indicates that the realistic system can be treated as a perturbation of spin-symmetric Hamiltonians, and the energy splitting of the pseudospin doublets can be regarded as a result of small perturbation around the Hamiltonian with RHO potentials, where the pseudospin doublets are quasidegenerate.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, Phys. Rev. C in press
Rationality of trace and norm L-functions
Creators: name: Rojas-León, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14F20, 11S40, 11L07

description: For a given l-adic sheaf F on a commutative algebraic group over a finite field k and an integer r we define the r-th local norm L-function of F at a point t in G(k) and prove its rationality. This function gives information on the sum of the local Frobenius traces of F over the points of G(k_r) (where k_r is the extension of degree r of k) with norm t. For G the one-dimensional affine line or the torus, these sums can in turn be used to estimate the number of rational points on curves or the absolute value of exponential sums which are invariant under a large group of translations or homotheties.
Additional file 1 of Campylobacter prevalence from food, animals, human and environmental samples in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Ansarifar, Elham
name: Riahi, Seyed Mohamad
name: Tasara, Taurai
name: Sadighara, Parisa
name: Zeinali, Tayebeh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1.
Additional file 2 of New insights on key genes involved in drought stress response of barley: gene networks reconstruction, hub, and promoter analysis
Creators: name: Seyedeh Mehri Javadi
name: Zahra-Sadat Shobbar
name: Ebrahimi, Asa
name: Shahbazi, Maryam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2.
Topological characterization of periodically-driven quantum systems
Creators: name: Kitagawa, Takuya
name: Berg, Erez
name: Rudner, Mark
name: Demler, Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological properties of physical systems can lead to robust behaviors that are insensitive to microscopic details. Such topologically robust phenomena are not limited to static systems but can also appear in driven quantum systems. In this paper, we show that the Floquet operators of periodically driven systems can be divided into topologically distinct (homotopy) classes, and give a simple physical interpretation of this classification in terms of the spectra of Floquet operators. Using this picture, we provide an intuitive understanding of the well-known phenomenon of quantized adiabatic pumping. Systems whose Floquet operators belong to the trivial class simulate the dynamics generated by time-independent Hamiltonians, which can be topologically classified according to the schemes developed for static systems. We demonstrate these principles through an example of a periodically driven two--dimensional hexagonal lattice model which exhibits several topological phases. Remarkably, one of these phases supports chiral edge modes even though the bulk is topologically trivial.
description: 9 Pages + Appendix
Section Extension from Hyperbolic Geometry of Punctured Disk and Holomorphic Family of Flat Bundles
Creators: name: Siu, Yum-Tong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32L10, 14D20

description: The construction of sections of bundles with prescribed jet values plays a fundamental role in problems of algebraic and complex geometry. When the jet values are prescribed on a positive dimensional subvariety, it is handled by theorems of Ohsawa-Takegoshi type which give extension of line bundle valued square-integrable top-degree holomorphic forms from the fiber at the origin of a family of complex manifolds over the open unit 1-disk when the curvature of the metric of line bundle is semipositive. We prove here an extension result when the curvature of the line bundle is only semipositive on each fiber with negativity on the total space assumed bounded from below and the connection of the metric locally bounded, if a square-integrable extension is known to be possible over a double point at the origin. It is a Hensel-lemma-type result analogous to Artin's application of the generalized implicit function theorem to the theory of obstruction in deformation theory. The motivation is the need in the abundance conjecture to construct pluricanonical sections from flatly twisted pluricanonical sections. We also give here a new approach to the original theorem of Ohsawa-Takegoshi by using the hyperbolic geometry of the punctured open unit 1-disk to reduce the original theorem of Ohsawa-Takegoshi to a simple application of the standard method of constructing holomorphic functions by solving the d-bar equation with cut-off functions and additional blowup weight functions.
Evolutionary outcomes of interactions among phenotypes in post-glacial lakes
Creators: name: Blain, Stephanie Anne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: Competitive interactions among sympatric phenotypes shape forms of natural selection and evolution of phenotype distributions. Populations of fish in post-glacial lakes are a model system for studying the evolutionary outcomes of competition. Fish in these lakes tend to exhibit phenotypic variability corresponding to a nearshore (benthic/littoral) to open water (limnetic/pelagic) resource use axis. In several lakes, populations have repeatedly diversified into sets of sympatric ecotypes that are phenotypically distinct from each other. Competition is predicted to drive frequency-dependent selection within and among populations of post-glacial fish. We tested whether this form of selection acts within the range of phenotypes found in generalist, single-species populations of threespine stickleback. To do this, we used experimental mesocosms with differing frequency distributions of phenotypes. We found evidence for only weak frequency-dependent survival but not frequency-dependent growth. To evaluate evidence for a possible evolutionary outcome of competitive interactions, we tested the hypothesis that levels of ecological sexual dimorphism should be higher in populations that do not co-occur with competitor species. We found similar levels of sexual dimorphism in allopatric threespine stickleback populations compared to populations sympatric with another stickleback species or prickly sculpin (an intraguild predator). Instead, we found some evidence for an alternative hypothesis that sexual dimorphism might decline with divergence from the ancestral marine stickleback phenotype. Competitive interactions affect partitioning of resources among different ecotypes and might lead to repeatability in resource use and phenotype distributions across different ecotype assemblages. Two Salmonid genera – Salvelinus and Coregonus – frequently diversify into assemblages of two to seven sympatric ecotypes in post-glacial lakes. We evaluated evidence for repeatability of niche occupation, phenotype distributions, and niche by phenotype relationships across assemblages in these genera. We found evidence for repeatable niche occupation and niche by phenotype relationships in Coregonus, but only repeatable niche by phenotype relationships in Salvelinus. While these studies do provide evidence for a role of competitive interactions in shaping natural selection and evolution, they also suggest that predictions from theory for evolutionary consequences of competition may not always be met in fish populations in post-glacial lakes.
Additional file 1 of Problems in care and avoidability of death after discharge from intensive care: a multi-centre retrospective case record review study
Creators: name: Vollam, Sarah
name: Gustafson, Owen
name: J. Duncan Young
name: Attwood, Benjamin
name: Keating, Liza
name: Watkinson, Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 1: Additional data.
Is Einstein's relation D = kTU always true?
Creators: name: Tsekov, Roumen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The validity of Einstein's fluctuation-dissipation relation is discussed in respect to the type of relaxation in an isothermal system. The first model, presuming isothermic fluctuations, leads to the Einstein formula. The second model supposes adiabatic fluctuations and yields another relation between the diffusion coefficient and mobility of a Brownian particle. A new approach to relaxations in quantum systems is also proposed that demonstrates applicability only of the adiabatic model for description of the quantum Brownian dynamics.
Analyzing and Visualizing Cosmological Simulations with ParaView
Creators: name: Woodring, Jonathan
name: Heitmann, Katrin
name: Ahrens, James
name: Fasel, Patricia
name: Hsu, Chung-Hsing
name: Habib, Salman
name: Pope, Adrian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The advent of large cosmological sky surveys - ushering in the era of precision cosmology - has been accompanied by ever larger cosmological simulations. The analysis of these simulations, which currently encompass tens of billions of particles and up to trillion particles in the near future, is often as daunting as carrying out the simulations in the first place. Therefore, the development of very efficient analysis tools combining qualitative and quantitative capabilities is a matter of some urgency. In this paper we introduce new analysis features implemented within ParaView, a parallel, open-source visualization toolkit, to analyze large N-body simulations. The new features include particle readers and a very efficient halo finder which identifies friends-of-friends halos and determines common halo properties. In combination with many other functionalities already existing within ParaView, such as histogram routines or interfaces to Python, this enhanced version enables fast, interactive, and convenient analyses of large cosmological simulations. In addition, development paths are available for future extensions.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Additional file 1 of Public values and guiding principles for implementing epitope compatibility in kidney transplantation allocation criteria: results from a Canadian online public deliberation
Creators: name: Slomp, Caitlin
name: Edwards, Louisa
name: Burgess, Michael
name: Sapir-Pichhadze, Ruth
name: Keown, Paul
name: Bryan, Stirling
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Additional file 1 of Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and the first occurrence of peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients
Creators: name: Su, Ning
name: Zheng, Yijia
name: Zhang, Xing
name: Tang, Xingming
name: Tang, Li-wen
name: Wang, Qinqin
name: Chen, Xingyu
name: Wang, Xiaoyang
name: Wen, Yueqiang
name: Feng, Xiaoran
name: Zhou, Qian
name: Zhou, Jiafan
name: Li, Yafang
name: Shang, Sijia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Perception of facial asymmetry and a computational tool for its objective assessment
Creators: name: Heda, Kiran
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: Background: Facial asymmetries have been reported with a prevalence range of 6% - 34% of the population. Unfortunately, there is no gold standard method for assessing facial asymmetry. Computational tools which utilize 3D-data to objectively quantify facial asymmetry, are needed. Purpose: Evaluate the reliability of examiners to assess facial asymmetry in set of 3D images of normal orthodontic population. Use an image-based computational tool - Dense Correspondence Analysis (DeCA), to objectively score facial asymmetry, and study its distribution in the different region of the face. Research Design: Facial surfaces were captured from CBCT records of 178 Orthodontic patients and 21 soft tissue landmarks were annotated. 12 subjects were selected which represented a range of facial asymmetry. 30 examiners belonging to 3 groups (laypersons, dental students, and orthodontists) were asked to rank the 12 subjects from most symmetric to asymmetric twice to calculate intra-rater and inter-rater reliability. The DeCA tool was used to calculate asymmetry scores in the overall facial surface and regional areas of the nose, upper lip, zygomatic region, and mandible. Descriptive statistics were performed to analyze distribution patterns of asymmetry. Results: Intra-examiner reliability was strong and Inter-examiner reliability was moderate for laypersons (0.36) and DMD students (0.44), but strong for the Orthodontist group (0.78). Quantification of asymmetry using DeCA indicated strong asymmetry in the zygomatic and mandibular regions, which were strongly correlated to each other (0.79), and to the overall facial asymmetry scores (r=0.92 and 0.93 respectively). No covariance between asymmetry scores and patients’ age or Angle’s Classification of malocclusion were noted. However, increased facial asymmetry was found in males compared to female subjects in the overall, zygomatic, and facial regions. There was weak-moderate concordance between the DeCA scores and averaged scores of the Orthodontist Group. Conclusion: Individual examiners are consistent at assessing facial asymmetry. There is poor agreement between examiners (except for the Orthodontist group) indicating a high degree of subjectivity in the assessment of this facial feature. The computational tool used here (DeCA) provides robust visualization of facial asymmetry in both the local and global regions of the face and allows for objective quantification.
A Quantum-Conceptual Explanation of Violations of Expected Utility in Economics
Creators: name: Aerts, Diederik
name: Broekaert, Jan
name: Czachor, Marek
name: D'Hooghe, Bart
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81P05, 81P16, 81P40

description: The expected utility hypothesis is one of the building blocks of classical economic theory and founded on Savage's Sure-Thing Principle. It has been put forward, e.g. by situations such as the Allais and Ellsberg paradoxes, that real-life situations can violate Savage's Sure-Thing Principle and hence also expected utility. We analyze how this violation is connected to the presence of the 'disjunction effect' of decision theory and use our earlier study of this effect in concept theory to put forward an explanation of the violation of Savage's Sure-Thing Principle, namely the presence of 'quantum conceptual thought' next to 'classical logical thought' within a double layer structure of human thought during the decision process. Quantum conceptual thought can be modeled mathematically by the quantum mechanical formalism, which we illustrate by modeling the Hawaii problem situation, a well-known example of the disjunction effect, and we show how the dynamics in the Hawaii problem situation is generated by the whole conceptual landscape surrounding the decision situation.
description: 9 pages, no figures
Additional file 2 of Public values and guiding principles for implementing epitope compatibility in kidney transplantation allocation criteria: results from a Canadian online public deliberation
Creators: name: Slomp, Caitlin
name: Edwards, Louisa
name: Burgess, Michael
name: Sapir-Pichhadze, Ruth
name: Keown, Paul
name: Bryan, Stirling
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2.
Replication package for "Generational Wealth Accounts: did public and private inter-generational transfers offset each other over the financial crisis?"
Creators: name: McCarthy, David
name: Sefton, James
name: Lee, Ronald
name: Joze Sambt
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Replication package including code and data required to replicate all results in the main paper and the online appendix of McCarthy, David, James Sefton, Ronald Lee and Joze Sambt: "Generational Wealth Accounts: did public and private inter-generational transfers offset each other over the financial crisis?"
Flexible decision-making in grooming partner choice in sooty mangabeys and chimpanzees
Creators: name: Mielke, Alexander
name: Preis, Anna
name: Samuni, Liran
name: Gogarten, Jan F.
name: Wittig, Roman M.
name: Crockford, Catherine
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: bystanders
subject: chimpanzee
subject: decision-making
subject: grooming
subject: sooty mangabey
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Living in permanent social groups forces animals to make decisions about when, how and with whom to interact, requiring decisions to be made that integrate multiple sources of information. Changing social environments can influence this decision-making process by constraining choice or altering the likelihood of a positive outcome. Here, we conceptualized grooming as a choice situation where an individual chooses one of a number of potential partners. Studying two wild populations of sympatric primate species, sooty mangabeys (Cercocebus atys atys) and western chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus), we tested what properties of potential partners influenced grooming decisions, including their relative value based on available alternatives and the social relationships of potential partners with bystanders who could observe the outcome of the decision. Across 1529 decision events, multiple partner attributes (e.g. dominance ranks, social relationship quality, reproductive state, partner sex) influenced choice. Individuals preferred to initiate grooming with partners of similar global rank, but this effect was driven by a bias towards partners with a high rank compared to other locally available options. Individuals also avoided grooming partners who had strong social relationships with at least one bystander. Results indicated flexible decision-making in grooming interactions in both species, based on a partner's value given the local social environment. Viewing partner choice as a value-based decision-making process allows researchers to compare how different species solve similar social problems.