cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Lactation Consultant as Public Health Practitioner
Creators: name: Judge, Andrea Bulera
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: The lactation consultant (LC) profession is a relatively new one. The field has grown over the 2 past 25 years and, as a group, lactation consultants are trying to define their role in the healthcare team and the health system in general. As breastfeeding continues to emerge as an important public health benchmark and disease prevention strategy, the role of the lactation consultant stands to become more respected and diverse. The majority of those certified as lactation consultants come from clinical backgrounds and have most of their experience working one-on-one or in group settings with breastfeeding mothers and babies. While this will always be a large focus of the work of a lactation consultant, it is becoming increasingly evident that understanding and reducing the barriers to optimal breastfeeding is the most effective way of improving breastfeeding initiation and duration rates. Hospital, health insurance and employment policies as well as social norms and community health beliefs all impact a woman's decision to breastfeed and her chances of successfully meeting her goals once she starts. When a lactation consultant begins to look at the social, behavioral and environmental factors that impact breastfeeding practices within the community, she begins to act as a public health practitioner as well as a clinician. What is the potential role of the lactation consultant in helping to create and interpret policies and what skills will LCs need to have to be leaders in changing breastfeeding policy and the breastfeeding environment in the community?
title: Musculoskeletal Ultrasound (US)-Guided Interventional Procedures of the Lower Limb: A Didactical Approach.
Creators: name: Ferrero, Giulio
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Treatment effects
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Inflammation

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The aim of this educational exhibit is to: 1. review the US-guided percutaneous procedures aimed to the treatment of lower limb musculoskeletal pathologies; 2. show technical aspects, precautions and tricks that may help to improve the outcome of...
Interstellar hydrogen fluxes measured by IBEX-Lo in 2009: numerical modeling and comparison with the data
Creators: name: Katushkina, O. A.
name: Izmodenov, V. V.
name: Alexashov, D. B.
name: Schwadron, N. A.
name: McComas, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we perform numerical modeling of the interstellar hydrogen fluxes measured by IBEX-Lo during orbit 23 (spring 2009) using a state-of-the-art kinetic model of the interstellar neutral hydrogen distribution in the heliosphere. This model takes into account the temporal and heliolatitudinal variations of the solar parameters as well as non-Maxwellian kinetic properties of the hydrogen distribution due to charge exchange in the heliospheric interface. We found that there is a qualitative difference between the IBEX-Lo data and the modeling results obtained with the three-dimensional, time-dependent model. Namely, the model predicts a larger count rate in energy bin~2 (20-41 eV) than in energy bin~1 (11-21 eV), while the data shows the opposite case. We perform study of the model parameter effects on the IBEX-Lo fluxes and the ratio of fluxes in two energy channels. We shown that the most important parameter, which has a major influence on the ratio of the fluxes in the two energy bins, is the solar radiation pressure. The parameter fitting procedure shows that the best agreement between the model result and the data occurs in the case when the ratio of the solar radiation pressure to the solar gravitation, $μ_0$, is 1.26$^{+0.06}_{-0.076}$, and the total ionization rate of hydrogen at 1 AU is $β_{E,0}=3.7^{+0.39}_{-0.35}\times 10^{-7}$~s$^{-1}$. We have found that the value of $μ_0$ is much larger than $μ_0=0.89$, which is the value derived from the integrated solar Lyman-alpha flux data for the period of time studied. We discuss possible reasons for the differences.
Lattice dynamics and spin excitations in the metal-organic framework [CH$_3$NH$_3$][Co(HCOO)$_3$]
Creators: name: Ding, Lei
name: Colin, Claire V.
name: Simonet, Virginie
name: Stock, Chris
name: Brubach, Jean-Blaise
name: Verseils, Marine
name: Roy, Pascale
name: Sakai, Victoria Garcia
name: Koza, Michael M.
name: Piovano, Andrea
name: Ivanov, Alexandre
name: Rodriguez-Rivera, Jose A.
name: de Brion, Sophie
name: Songvilay, Manila
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In metal-organic-framework (MOF) perovskites, both magnetic and ferroelectric orderings can be readily realized by compounding spin and charge degrees of freedom. The hydrogen bonds that bridge the magnetic framework and organic molecules have long been thought of as a key in generating multiferroic properties. However, the underlying physical mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we combine neutron diffraction, quasielastic and inelastic neutron scattering, and THz spectroscopy techniques to thoroughly investigate the dynamical properties of the multiferroic MOF candidate [CH$_3$NH$_3$][Co(HCOO)$_3$] through its multiple phase transitions. The wide range of energy resolutions reachable by these techniques enables us to scrutinize the coupling between the molecules and the framework throughout the phase transitions and interrogate a possible magnetoelectric coupling. Our results also reveal a structural change around 220 K which may be associated with the activation of a nodding donkey mode of the methylammonium molecule due to the ordering of the CH$_3$ groups. Upon the occurrence of the modulated phase transition around 130 K, the methylammonium molecules undergo a freezing of its reorientational motions which is concomitant with a change of the lattice parameters and anomalies of collective lattice vibrations. No significant change has been however observed in the lattice dynamics around the magnetic ordering, which therefore indicates the absence of a substantial magneto-electric coupling in zero-field.
title: Traumatic Hip Dislocation
Creators: name: Ousema, Paul
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Bones
subject: Emergency
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Trauma

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To recognize the different types (posterior, anterior and obturator) of traumatic hip dislocations (THD) and their respective trauma mechanisms. The role of different radiological modalities and key anatomical landmarks will be discussed. The...
Design of metallic nanoparticles gratings for filtering properties in the visible spectrum
Creators: name: Brûlé, Y.
name: Demésy, G.
name: Fehrembach, A. -L.
name: Gralak, B.
name: Popov, E.
name: Tayeb, G.
name: Grangier, M.
name: Barat, D.
name: Bertin, H.
name: Gogol, P.
name: Dagens, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Plasmonic resonances in metallic nanoparticles are exploited to create efficient optical filtering functions. A Finite Element Method is used to model metallic nanoparticles gratings. The accuracy of this method is shown by comparing numerical results with measurements on a two-dimensional grating of gold nanocylinders with elliptic cross section. Then a parametric analysis is performed in order to design efficient filters with polarization dependent properties together with high transparency over the visible range. The behavior of nanoparticle gratings is also modelled using the Maxwell-Garnett homogenization theory and analyzed by comparison with the diffraction by a single nanoparticle. The proposed structures are intended to be included in optical systems which could find innovative applications.
description: submitted to Applied Optics
Pregnancy PREP: An Educational Curriculum for New Parents
Creators: name: Menon, Nitasha
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Introduction: Pregnancy PREP (Providing Resources for Educating Parents) is an educational curriculum that was created out of a need for comprehensive, evidence-based education for new parents in Chapel Hill, NC. North Carolina consistently has one of the highest infant mortality rates in the nation, and a standardized system to educate new parents may help to improve health outcomes for mothers and infants. Systematic Review: I conducted a literature review of existing comprehensive, integrated programs that educate new parents, in order to learn from their successes and failures. I searched various databases, including PubMED, ERIC, CINAHL and ISI Web of Science to find examples of these programs. I evaluated four programs: Centering Pregnancy, comprehensive perinatal courses at Kennestone Hospital in Atlanta GA, an educational program offered as part of augmented prenatal care for high-risk African-American women in Alabama, and the Comprehensive Pregnancy Program at the University of Michigan. I found that most programs strived to create a standardized system of education that included handouts and informational materials for participants. Also, most programs required staff members to receive training, in order to deliver consistent messages to participants. Though some of the program surveyed participants, to determine their satisfaction, few programs had formal evaluation plans in place, to determine whether they met their goals. Program Plan: There is a call for initiatives to improve maternal and infant health outcomes, at a local, state and national level. Pregnancy PREP will provide longitudinal course offerings for parents in Chapel Hill NC; these courses will start during the first trimester and will extend through the postpartum period. Multiple stakeholders, such as parents and organizations that currently deliver health messages, will be involved with the entire process, from developing the final curriculum to the evaluation process. The main phases of implementation include recruitment and training of staff and leaders, development of the educational curriculum, participant recruitment, conducting the classes and collecting post-intervention data. Evaluation Plan: Pregnancy PREP must be evaluated to determine the success of the implementation and the strength of the outcomes produced. Ideally, the program will utilize both an internal and an external evaluator. The evaluation will incorporate a quasi-experimental design. Evaluators will utilize document review, interview and surveys to collect data, and they will also examine epidemiologic data. Pregnancy PREP will be evaluated using specific targets and objectives. Discussion: Pregnancy PREP has the potential to educate new parents, and thus create opportunities for better maternal and neonatal health outcomes in Chapel Hill, NC.
Youth Empowerment as a Tool for Community Change: A Program Plan and Evaluation Plan for Youth Empowered Solutions (YES!)
Creators: name: Fesperman, Rachel Katherine
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Youth Empowered Solutions (YES!) is a non-profit organization established on the premise that youth can serve a unique role in their communities as advocates for positive change both on the community and policy level. YES! was formed after the significant success of an organization that proceeded it, Question Why (?Y), which challenges youth to speak out against tobacco use in their communities. Founders of Question Why observed youth taking initiative in their communities on issues that were important to them, and saw downstream positive effects mounting. The youth involved in Question Why became more confident, more informed, and more excited to be involved in change. In short, they were empowered by acting towards a cause in which they believed. Under this premise, YES! was founded and has its primary office in Durham, North Carolina. Previous funding from Question Why has kept YES! afloat thus far, but YES! is now establishing itself as a free-standing, self-sufficient non-profit This program plan will serve as a tool for re-enforcing the foundation of YES!, as well as making an evaluation plan to facilitate future fund procurement. First, through a mini-literature review, I will make a case for why there is a niche to be filled by unique programs like YES! Next, the program plan section will provide many of the details for the planning process and implementation for YES!, including an explanation of how the youth empowerment theory influences YES!. I will include a description of the program context, resources, funding and the socio-political environment surrounding the idea and implementation of youth empowerment programs in communities. I will also outline the goals and short- and long-term objectives of the plan for YES! An evaluation plan is also provided. The initial evaluation of YES! will assess the extent to which the short term goals and objectives of the program plan have been met while also exploring if and how these were met, specifically during the planning process and program implementation phase. A logic model will presented with. Inputs, activities, outputs, and outcomes evaluated.
title: An Examination of Students' Intercultural Maturity in Course-based Experiential Learning
title: A Case Study in International Higher Education
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Williams, Jacqulyn
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2022

description: The aim of this qualitative case study was to examine how educators, associated with the Zones of Conflict, Zones of Peace program, a credit-bearing capstone experiential learning course at an international branch campus, shaped the learning environment through various approaches and practices to facilitate students’ development of intercultural maturity. This qualitative inquiry included analysis of primary data including application materials; syllabus and course description; assignments and group work; interviews and focus group data; and students’ reflections to identify the underlying dynamics, aspects, and conditions related to how students experienced intercultural learning to identify the underlying dynamics, aspects, and conditions that prompted students’ intercultural learning and development. By dynamics, I mean the manner in which educators engaged with students throughout the program experience, its intercultural components, and how students engaged across difference. Analysis of the data indicated that the majority of study participants experienced growth in all three dimensions of intercultural maturity. Student participants that possessed a strong sense of self and were comfortable shifting perspectives and using multiple frames across a variety of contexts, likewise demonstrated greater comfort in engaging in meaningful relationships with diverse others. Findings from this case study confirmed that authentic, ongoing engagement with diverse others, critical self-reflection, and guided mentorship factored significantly in terms of facilitating participants’ intercultural maturity. Evidence indicated that study participants benefited from educators’ international backgrounds and experiences, particularly their established international networks and Partnerships, which in this case study, were leveraged to immerse students and bring them into direct contact with diverse others. One interesting outcome is that participants, in response to the realities of the international branch campus context, understood themselves within broad social, cultural, and global contexts. Findings may help to address a significant gap in the literature insofar as the nature and extent of what is understood about how educators conceive of and enact global and intercultural learning as well as how students experience and make sense of intercultural experiences in broad, inclusive internationalized higher education contexts. Likewise, knowledge generated from this study may provide scholars, fellow researchers and educators useful insights regarding how to frame and integrate global and intercultural learning into experiential education and curricular programming in varied educational contexts.
A model building framework for Answer Set Programming with external computations
Creators: name: Eiter, Thomas
name: Fink, Michael
name: Ianni, Giovambattista
name: Krennwallner, Thomas
name: Redl, Christoph
name: Schüller, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.1.6; I.2.4; I.2.3
subject: 68T27, 68T30

description: As software systems are getting increasingly connected, there is a need for equipping nonmonotonic logic programs with access to external sources that are possibly remote and may contain information in heterogeneous formats. To cater for this need, HEX programs were designed as a generalization of answer set programs with an API style interface that allows to access arbitrary external sources, providing great flexibility. Efficient evaluation of such programs however is challenging, and it requires to interleave external computation and model building; to decide when to switch between these tasks is difficult, and existing approaches have limited scalability in many real-world application scenarios. We present a new approach for the evaluation of logic programs with external source access, which is based on a configurable framework for dividing the non-ground program into possibly overlapping smaller parts called evaluation units. The latter will be processed by interleaving external evaluation and model building using an evaluation graph and a model graph, respectively, and by combining intermediate results. Experiments with our prototype implementation show a significant improvement compared to previous approaches. While designed for HEX-programs, the new evaluation approach may be deployed to related rule-based formalisms as well.
description: 57 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables, 6 algorithms, to appear in Theory and Practice of Logic Programming (accepted in June 2015)
Cancer Survivorship Care: Essential Elements of Survivorship Care and Analysis of Delivery Care Models
Creators: name: Scarsella, Heidi
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Abstract Cancer affects an estimated one in three individuals during their lifetime, either through their own diagnosis or through that of a loved one (ACS Facts & Figures, 2015). Moreover, through improved access to effective screening, diagnosis, and treatment, as well as an aging population, impressive progress has been made in the number of cancer survivors. There over 14.5 million cancer survivors alive in the United States today, representing approximately 4 percent of our nation's population. It is estimated the number of cancer survivors will reach 19 million by 2024 (ACS Facts & Figures, 2015). Several cancer advocacy organizations and professional medical organizations have developed survivorship guidelines and recommendations for quality of survivorship care. Taking a lead role are organizations such as the American Cancer Society (ACS), the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN), the Institute of Medicine (IOM), and American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO). These organizations have worked persistently over the years to develop standards and frameworks describing the essential components of survivorship care. Cancer and cancer treatment affects a cancer survivor's long-term health as well as their quality of life (QOL), and many survivors will continue to face ongoing health risks. Transitioning from active treatment to post-treatment care is critical to a cancer survivor's long-term health. If this care transition is not appropriately planned and coordinated, cancer survivors may be left unaware of the long-term health risks they face and without a comprehensive follow-up plan of action to help them move forward (Hewitt, Greenfield & Stovall, 2006). In the IOM's seminal report, From Cancer Patient to Cancer Survivor: Lost in Transition, the panel rightly noted that "doctors alone, no matter how hard they are trying, are going to fall short if systemic issues such as care coordination, patient-centered care delivery, financing, informatics, and accountability for quality care are not enjoined" (Hewitt et al., 2006, preface xxiv ). The goal of this paper is to research the most commonly used models of survivorship care delivery and determine if these models meet the standards of delivering high quality survivorship care as developed and articulated by the aforementioned organizations.
ScaleNet: An Unsupervised Representation Learning Method for Limited Information
Creators: name: Huang, Huili
name: Roozbahani, M. Mahdi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Although large-scale labeled data are essential for deep convolutional neural networks (ConvNets) to learn high-level semantic visual representations, it is time-consuming and impractical to collect and annotate large-scale datasets. A simple and efficient unsupervised representation learning method named ScaleNet based on multi-scale images is proposed in this study to enhance the performance of ConvNets when limited information is available. The input images are first resized to a smaller size and fed to the ConvNet to recognize the rotation degree. Next, the ConvNet learns the rotation-prediction task for the original size images based on the parameters transferred from the previous model. The CIFAR-10 and ImageNet datasets are examined on different architectures such as AlexNet and ResNet50 in this study. The current study demonstrates that specific image features, such as Harris corner information, play a critical role in the efficiency of the rotation-prediction task. The ScaleNet supersedes the RotNet by ~7% in the limited CIFAR-10 dataset. The transferred parameters from a ScaleNet model with limited data improve the ImageNet Classification task by about 6% compared to the RotNet model. This study shows the capability of the ScaleNet method to improve other cutting-edge models such as SimCLR by learning effective features for classification tasks.
description: Accepted by DAGM GCPR 2021
title: Where is the tip? -Misplaced tubes and lines on a Paediatric Chest Radiograph.
Creators: name: Bernardo, Silvia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Paediatric
subject: Emergency
subject: Thorax
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Barium meal
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Learning objectives (1) Understand the importance of chest radiograph evaluation of commonly used invasive support devices in critically ill children; (2) Review normal positions of various support devices; (3) Identify how to recognise misplaced...
College Students’ motivational beliefs and use of goal-oriented control strategies: Integrating two theories of motivated behavior
Creators: name: Keyserlingk, Luise Von
name: Rubach, Charlott
name: Lee, Hye Rin
name: Eccles, Jacquelynne S.
name: Heckhausen, Jutta
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Situated expectancy-value theory (SEVT)
subject: Motivational theory of life-span development (MTD)
subject: Goal-engagement strategies, goal adjustment strategies
subject: Higher education
subject: 370
subject: Hochschulbildung
subject: Motivation
subject: Zielverfolgung

description: In college, students often encounter situations in which they struggle to meet their academic goals in difficult courses. We integrate the Motivational Theory of Life-Span Development and Situated Expectancy-Value Theory to investigate how motivational beliefs and experiences in a difficult course predict the use of goal engagement oriented and goal adjustment oriented control strategies that can help students stay engaged in challenging courses. We used survey data collected in two academic quarters at a public university in the U.S. (N = 231). Students who perceived their midterm exam as more difficult than expected and students with higher course-specific subjective task values reported using more goal engagement oriented and goal adjustment oriented control strategies. Students with higher course-specific ability beliefs were less likely to use goal adjustment strategies. Results further showed that students planned to use control strategies depending on their experienced setbacks or success in exams. Findings provide important insights into how motivational orientations and course experiences relate to adaptive and goal-oriented behavior in college courses.
description: Motivation and emotion;46(5)
The HPV Vaccine: Are Dosing Recommendations Being Followed?
Creators: name: Tan, Weiyi
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Objective: This Master’s paper aims to characterize the extent of HPV vaccination in the United States, and to summarize the current literature about HPV vaccination, series completion, and factors related to uptake and completion. It also aims to determine the percentage of HPV vaccine completion and on-time dosing, as well as identify factors associated with series completion and on-time dosing. Design: We determined the rates of HPV vaccination and series completion through a systematic review. We also conducted a secondary data analysis of the North Carolina Immunization Registry (NCIR) to answer a focused clinical question about the rates of HPV vaccination completion and on-time dosing among a select population of females aged 9-26 years of age with at least one dose of the HPV vaccine. Results: The literature review indicated that the rates of HPV vaccination vary widely depending on the type of patient population selected. Initiation rates varied between 5 – 77% and completion rates between 0.2% and 58.2%. Correlates for uptake and series completion varied for each study, but most found associations between race, ethnicity, insurance status and the measured outcomes. Of the 138,823 females analyzed in the secondary data analysis, 55% completed the vaccine series and 28% completed the series on-time. The percentage of those receiving the vaccine on-time has decreased each year from 43% in 2006 to 25% in 2009. African American race and public funding were significantly associated with lower rates of ontime dosing as well as series completion when compared to White race and private funding, respectively. Conclusions: Although many studies in the literature were limited by flaws in study design or by small sample sizes, the review identified health disparities related to socioeconomic and racial disparities. The review also highlighted the fact that the HPV vaccination rate for both initiation and completion is relatively low when compared to other recommended vaccines. The secondary data analysis corroborated these findings. Among girls and young women who initiate the HPV vaccination series, overall completion rates are low, but given enough time (three years), most of those who begin the series will complete it. On-time dosing rates, however, are declining, and have been hovering at 25% for the past two years. The significance of delayed dosing with respect to vaccine immunogenicity and vaccine effectiveness are not well defined. Strategies to enhance both on-time receipt of HPV vaccine and series completion should be broadly encouraged.
Complex wall modeling for hemodynamic simulations of intracranial aneurysms based on histologic images
Creators: name: Niemann, Annika
name: Voß, Samuel
name: Tulamo, Riikka
name: Weigand, Simon
name: Preim, Bernhard
name: Berg, Philipp
name: Saalfeld, Sylvia
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Intracranial aneurysms
subject: Aneurysm wall
subject: Histologic images
subject: Structural simulation
subject: 000

description: Purpose For the evaluation and rupture risk assessment of intracranial aneurysms, clinical,morphological and hemodynamic parameters are analyzed. The reliability of intracranial hemodynamic simulations strongly depends on the underlying models. Due to the missing information about the intracranial vessel wall, the patient-specific wall thickness is often neglected as well as the specific physiological and pathological properties of the vessel wall. Methods In this work, we present a model for structural simulations with patient-specific wall thickness including different tissue types based on postmortem histologic image data. Images of histologic 2D slices from intracranial aneurysms were manually segmented in nine tissue classes. After virtual inflation, they were combined into 3D models. This approach yields multiple 3D models of the inner and outer wall and different tissue parts as a prerequisite for subsequent simulations. Result We presented a pipeline to generate 3D models of aneurysms with respect to the different tissue textures occurring in the wall. First experiments show that including the variance of the tissue in the structural simulation affect the simulation result. Especially at the interfaces between neighboring tissue classes, the larger influence of stiffer components on the stability equilibrium became obvious. Conclusion The presented approach enables the creation of a geometricmodel with differentiatedwall tissue. This information can be used for different applications, like hemodynamic simulations, to increase the modeling accuracy.
Information processing in the face of reward versus punishment
Creators: name: Ballard, Timothy
name: Cosgrove, Daniel
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Modeling
subject: Decision Making
subject: Information processing
subject: Punishment
subject: Reward

description: Much is known about the effects of reward and punishment on behavior, yet little research has considered how these incentives influence the information processing dynamics that underlie decision making. We fit the Linear Ballistic Accumulator model to data from a perceptual judgment task to examine the impacts of reward- and punishment-based incentives on three distinct components of information processing: the quality of the information processed, the quantity of that information, and the decision threshold. The threat of punishment lowered the average quality and quantity of information processed compared to the prospect of reward or no performance incentive at all. The threat of punishment also induced less cautious decision making by lowering people’s decision thresholds relative to the prospect of reward. These findings suggest that information processing dynamics are not wholly determined by objective properties of the decision environment, but also by the higher order goals of the system.
title: Relationship between Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor and Imaging Characteristics of adenocarcinoma≤ 3cm
Creators: name: Tian, Shuping
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Thorax
subject: CNS
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: MR
subject: Biopsy
subject: Catheters
subject: Arterial access
subject: Pathology
subject: Arteriosclerosis
subject: Cancer

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To identify CT features associated with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation in surgically resected early stage adenocarcinoma and to evaluate whether imaging features and EGFR-mutation can help predict clinical...
Local conservation laws in spin-1/2 XY chains with open boundary conditions
Creators: name: Fagotti, Maurizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the conserved quantities of the spin-1/2 XY model with open boundary conditions. In the absence of a transverse field, we find new families of local charges and show that half of the seeming conservation laws are conserved only if the number of sites is odd. In even chains the set of noninteracting charges is abelian, like in the periodic case when the number of sites is odd. In odd chains the set is doubled and becomes non-abelian, like in even periodic chains. The dependence of the charges on the parity of the chain's size undermines the common belief that the thermodynamic limit of diagonal ensembles exists. We consider also the transverse-field Ising chain, where the situation is more ordinary. The generalization to the XY model in a transverse field is not straightforward and we propose a general framework to carry out similar calculations. We conjecture the form of the bulk part of the local charges and discuss the emergence of quasilocal conserved quantities. We provide evidence that in a region of the parameter space there is a reduction of the number of quasilocal conservation laws invariant under chain inversion. As a by-product, we study a class of block-Toeplitz-plus-Hankel operators and identify the conditions that their symbols satisfy in order to commute with a given block-Toeplitz.
description: 49 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables; published version
Anisotropic Strange Quintessence Stars in $f(R)$ Gravity
Creators: name: Abbas, G.
name: Zubair, M.
name: Mustafa, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we have formulated the new exact model of quintessence anisotropic star in $f(R)$ theory of gravity. The dynamical equations in $f(R)$ theory with the anisotropic fluid and quintessence field have been solved by using Krori-Barua solution. In this case, we have used the Starobinsky model of $f(R)$ gravity. We have determined that all the obtained solutions are free from central singularity and potentially stable. The observed values of mass and radius of the different strange stars PSR J 1614-2230, SAXJ1808.4-3658(SS1), 4U1820- 30, PSR J 1614-2230 have been used to calculate the values of unknown constants in Krori and Barua metric. The physical parameters like anisotropy, stability and redshift of the stars have been investigated in detail.
description: 20 Pages, 12 figures, Accepted for publication in Astrophys. Space Sci. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1412.2120
Outcomes of US Food Regulation: Assessing the Evidence of Public Health Protection
Creators: name: Weed, Brett David
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Food is a ubiquitous necessity. Not surprisingly, government has sought to ensure a safe and healthy food supply by imposing legal duties for both the purity and nutrition of food on the market. Lacking, however, is a comprehensive examination of these efforts to determine if they are effective in promoting positive population health outcomes. To answer this question, a systematic review was performed to identify literature which documented the measure of a public health outcome of food regulation. Fifteen studies from 1996 to April 2016 were identified which reported results of local, state, or federal food regulation using a variety of methodologies. While several studies support nutritional labeling of packaged and prepared foods, the support for efficacy of food safety regulation is limited. Further study is needed to evaluate the US food safety regulatory regime and ensure government efforts support desired public health outcomes.
West Allis-West Milwaukee Older Adult Falls Prevention Initiative
Creators: name: Oppermann, Mary Sue
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: One in every three adults, 65 years of age and older, fall each year in the United States. Falls among older adults are the most common cause of injury death, the ninth leading overall cause of death, and the leading cause of fatal and nonfatal injuries for this age group.1 The toll is great in terms of morbidity and mortality rates, and the economic, social, and psychological impact on both the individual and the community in which they live. Because of this toll, public health must take a leadership role in the coordination of comprehensive fall prevention initiatives for the communities they serve. This public health approach for the prevention of older adult falls leading to injury in the communities of West Allis and West Milwaukee, Wisconsin includes defining the scope of the problem at the local, state and national levels, identifying the risk factors for falls, reviewing the local, state and national priorities in injury prevention, identifying existing programs and resources in West Allis and West Milwaukee, and evaluating available evidence-based strategies and interventions for the prevention of falls in the community. The West Allis-West Milwaukee Falls Prevention Initiative has the goal of reducing the number of in home falls leading to injury in adults, 65 years of age and older, through a comprehensive multi-pronged, multi-level program. Short and long-term objectives, the development of a logic model, and the application of program theories at the individual, interpersonal and community levels ensure a strong plan. This initiative will be implemented through the leadership of the West Allis Health Department in conjunction with strategic partners. A plan for thorough evaluation and dissemination of results are included to encourage the adoption of similarly valuable injury prevention strategies and sustainability of the prevention initiative.
Backpack+ and SnackChef+: A Program and Evaluation Plan for the Expansion of TABLE
Creators: name: Ahearn, M. Alex
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Childhood hunger is a problem that affects local and international communities alike. Even amidst the relative wealth of the United States, an estimated one in five children lives in a food-insecure household. Food-insecurity puts children at risk for a host of negative health effects and paradoxically parallels obesity due to the wide availability of cheap, nutritionally-poor foods. Notable government programs (e.g. SNAP, WIC, NSLP, etc.) provide assistance at the national and state level, but often private charitable organizations are left to complete the patchwork safety net. Food pantries and soup kitchens serve the population broadly, but there are also a variety of interventions targeted to address children's food insecurity more specifically. TABLE is one such North Carolina-based organization. Founded in 2008 to "feed hungry children in the Chapel Hill-Carrboro community", TABLE's "Backpack" program has been providing elementary school-aged children who receive subsidized lunches with additional food to help cover their weekend meals (TABLE, 2014). The organization also uses the structure of afterschool care programs to teach children about nutrition and how to prepare healthy snacks via their "SnackChef" program. Combined, these programs aim to provide healthy food to children in need and promote the knowledge and habits necessary to eat well when food is available. Each has demonstrated success in the short-term, but if TABLE is to expand and improve its programs they will need to be reexamined and strengthened. This paper outlines two new iterations of TABLE's flagship programs ("Backpack+" and "SnackChef+") and the planning and evaluation strategies necessary to implement them successfully. The program plan outlines the approach, goals and objectives, and expected resources needed to support each program's aims. A review of related programs is also included, as well as a detailed description of the context, challenges and theories underpinning the programs' design. The evaluation plan incorporates both qualitative and quantitative methods, which will inform further improvement and expansion efforts to lengthen TABLE's reach and better serve local food-insecure children.
LARCH: Large Language Model-based Automatic Readme Creation with Heuristics
Creators: name: Koreeda, Yuta
name: Morishita, Terufumi
name: Imaichi, Osamu
name: Sogawa, Yasuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Writing a readme is a crucial aspect of software development as it plays a vital role in managing and reusing program code. Though it is a pain point for many developers, automatically creating one remains a challenge even with the recent advancements in large language models (LLMs), because it requires generating an abstract description from thousands of lines of code. In this demo paper, we show that LLMs are capable of generating a coherent and factually correct readmes if we can identify a code fragment that is representative of the repository. Building upon this finding, we developed LARCH (LLM-based Automatic Readme Creation with Heuristics) which leverages representative code identification with heuristics and weak supervision. Through human and automated evaluations, we illustrate that LARCH can generate coherent and factually correct readmes in the majority of cases, outperforming a baseline that does not rely on representative code identification. We have made LARCH open-source and provided a cross-platform Visual Studio Code interface and command-line interface, accessible at https://github.com/hitachi-nlp/larch. A demo video showcasing LARCH's capabilities is available at https://youtu.be/ZUKkh5ED-O4.
description: This is a pre-print of a paper accepted at CIKM'23 Demo. Refer to the DOI URL for the original publication
The Hidden Epidemic of STDs and HIV Among African American Adolescents: How parents and faith-based organizations can play an effective role in prevention and education
Creators: name: Davis, Schenita A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HN) are of epidemic proportions among the adolescent population. The seriousness of STDs and HN prevalence among this population is hidden from public view because most Americans are reluctant to discuss sexual health issues openly. Although sex education classes are taught in the school setting, information is often limited. Reproduction and relationships are discussed in an unclear way because many believe that if adolescents know too much about sexual activity then they will practice it. Barriers to effective STD prevention are found in government, private and public sectors, and political factors and social norms. To implement positive changes with these barriers still present, programs that focus on STD and HIV prevention should integrate more parental involvement. Programs should inform and educate parents about STDs and HN and equip them with effective communication skills to speak openly with their teens on sexual behaviors. Faith-based organizations can also be essential in targeting African American parents and adolescents. The church has historically been an influential component of the black family. It is imperative that young people have access to the knowledge and resources that will enable them to protect themselves and their partners against HN and other sexually transmitted infections.
A mixed-mode dependent interface and phase-field damage model for solids with inhomogeneities
Creators: name: Vodička, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 74R10, 74S05, 65K15

description: The developed computational approach is capable of initiating and propagating cracks inside materials and along material interfaces of general multi-domain structures under quasi-static conditions. Special attention is paid to particular situation of a solid with inhomogeneities. Description of the fracture processes are based on the theory of material damage. It introduces two independent damage parameters to distinguish between interface and internal cracks. The parameter responsible for interface cracks is defined in a thin adhesive layer of the interface and renders relation between stress and strain quantities in fashion of cohesive zone models.The second parameter is defined inside material domains and it is founded on the theory of phase-field fracture guaranteeing the material damage to occur in a thin material strip introducing a regularised model of internal cracks. Additional property of both interface and phase-field damage is their capability to distinguish between fracture modes which is useful if the structures is subjected to combined loading. The solution methodology is based on a variational approach which allows implementation of non-linear programming optimisation into standard methods of finite-element discretisation and time stepping method.Computational implementation is prepared in MATLAB whose numerical data validate developed formulation for analysis of problems of fracture in multi-domain elements of structures.
description: 24 pages, 19 figures, to be published in Theoretical and Applied Fracture Mechanics
CheXFusion: Effective Fusion of Multi-View Features using Transformers for Long-Tailed Chest X-Ray Classification
Creators: name: Kim, Dongkyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Medical image classification poses unique challenges due to the long-tailed distribution of diseases, the co-occurrence of diagnostic findings, and the multiple views available for each study or patient. This paper introduces our solution to the ICCV CVAMD 2023 Shared Task on CXR-LT: Multi-Label Long-Tailed Classification on Chest X-Rays. Our approach introduces CheXFusion, a transformer-based fusion module incorporating multi-view images. The fusion module, guided by self-attention and cross-attention mechanisms, efficiently aggregates multi-view features while considering label co-occurrence. Furthermore, we explore data balancing and self-training methods to optimize the model's performance. Our solution achieves state-of-the-art results with 0.372 mAP in the MIMIC-CXR test set, securing 1st place in the competition. Our success in the task underscores the significance of considering multi-view settings, class imbalance, and label co-occurrence in medical image classification. Public code is available at https://github.com/dongkyuk/CXR-LT-public-solution