cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Analysis of old very metal rich stars in the solar neighbourhood
Creators: name: Trevisan, M.
name: Barbuy, B.
name: Eriksson, K.
name: Gustafsson, B.
name: Grenon, M.
name: Pompéia, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A sample of mostly old metal-rich dwarf and turn-off stars with high eccentricity and low maximum height above the Galactic plane has been identified. From their kinematics, it was suggested that the inner disk is their most probable birthplace. Their chemical imprints may therefore reveal important information about the formation and evolution of the still poorly understood inner disk. To probe the formation history of these stellar populations, a detailed analysis of a sample of very metal-rich stars is carried out. We derive the metallicities, abundances of α elements, ages, and Galactic orbits. The analysis of 71 metal-rich stars is based on optical high-resolution échelle spectra obtained with the FEROS spectrograph at the ESO 1.52-m Telescope at La Silla, Chile. The metallicities and abundances of C, O, Mg, Si, Ca, and Ti were derived based on LTE detailed analysis, employing the MARCS model atmospheres. We confirm the high metallicity of these stars reaching up to [Fe I/H]~0.58, and the sample of metal-rich dwarfs can be kinematically subclassified in samples of thick disk, thin disk, and intermediate stellar populations. All sample stars show solar α-Fe ratios, and most of them are old and still quite metal rich. The orbits suggest that the thin disk, thick disk and intermediate populations were formed at Galactocentric distances of ~8 kpc, ~6 kpc, and ~7 kpc, respectively. The mean maximum height of the thick disk subsample of Z_max~380 pc, is lower than for typical thick disk stars. A comparison of α-element abundances of the sample stars with bulge stars shows that the oxygen is compatible with a bulge or inner thick disk origin. Our results suggest that models of radial mixing and dynamical effects of the bar and bar/spiral arms might explain the presence of these old metal-rich dwarf stars in the solar neighbourhood.
description: 28 pages, 27 figures, Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Women's Participation in Sports: Obstacles and Facilitators
Creators: name: Tiifu, Faizah
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Social Structure and Development
subject: Sports, participation, elite, recreational, women

description: The purpose of this study was to explore the factors participants identify to influence their participation in sport. This ethnographic study used three primary data collection methods: autoethnography, interviews, and participant observation. Two non-probability sampling methods- purposive sampling and snowball sampling methods were used to select participants for the study. Seventy participants took part in the study: 25 participants were observed and 45 were interviewed. To analyse the fieldnotes and transcripts, I used inductive coding methods including frequency count, ordering, sorting, and categorisation. The factors which influenced participation in sports belonged to two categories, facilitators and obstacles. The facilitators were: interpersonal factors, intrapersonal factors, policy and physician recommendations, and environmental factors. The obstacles were: financial issues, non-support and inadequate time. Results show that there were more facilitators than obstacles influencing women’s participation in sports.
EASY APPROACH TO A RESPONSIVE WEBSITE DESIGN USING ARTISTEER APPLICATION SOFTWARE
Creators: name: Adelakun, Najeem Olawale
name: Banji A. Olanipekun
name: Suliat A. Bakinde
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 80704 Information Retrieval and Web Search
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: 80607 Information Engineering and Theory
subject: 80606 Global Information Systems

description: Progressively, the unique mobile internet users keep increasing with each passing day globally; this prompts the need for a responsive website, Similarly, a responsive website is the site that has been designed to respond, or adapts, based on the technology and type of computing device used by the visitor to display the site. This paper presents an easy approach to a responsive website with little or no coding experience using an Artisteer software application with a drag and drop features. The result shows that Artisteer is one of the foremost Web design automation application that instantly creates a tremendous Website and Blog templates in a jiffy,a beginner with little knowledge of coding or graphics can creates a responsive website with ease without any form of technical training required.
Additional file 2 of Association between atherogenic index of plasma and prehypertension or hypertension among normoglycemia subjects in a Japan population: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Tan, Mingjuan
name: Zhang, Yongliang
name: Jin, Ling
name: Wang, Youli
name: Cui, Weiwei
name: Nasifu, Lubanga
name: He, Bangshun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Stratificationanalysis of the association between AIP and hypertension in female groups.
Culture and Community: A reconsideration of Egyptians at Ostia and Portus in the 2nd century
Creators: name: Incze, Franciska I.
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Architecture
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: Art History
subject: History--Ancient
subject: Egyptian(s)
subject: Ostia and Portus
subject: Alexandrian grain trade
subject: Epigraphy/Inscriptions
subject: Architecture
subject: Iconography
subject: Isis and Serapis

description: The goal of this thesis is to reassess the presence of Egyptians at the Imperial harbours of Ostia and Portus in the 2nd century. This study will utilize a composite body of evidence that includes ancient written sources, epigraphical, architectural, and iconographical information in order to investigate the potential communal presence of Egyptians in the commercial centres. I suggest that through the careful scrutiny of key details in text, and on architecture, Egyptians created a niche for themselves in the Roman society that is not readily apparent in just any one avenue of study. While transporting grain from Alexandria, Egyptians arriving at Ostia and Portus in the 2nd century would sometimes linger or settle permanently. They created favourable environments at the Imperial harbours with the erection of temples, monuments, and other culturally significant markers familiar to their faith and background.
Low-Energy Scale Excitations in the Spectral Function of Organic Monolayer Systems
Creators: name: Ziroff, J.
name: Hame, S.
name: Kochler, M.
name: Bendounan, A.
name: Schöll, A.
name: Reinert, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using high-resolution photoemission spectroscopy we demonstrate that the electronic structure of several organic monolayer systems, in particular 1,4,5,8-naphthalene tetracarboxylic dianhydride and Copper-phtalocyanine on Ag(111), is characterized by a peculiar excitation feature right at the Fermi level. This feature displays a strong temperature dependence and is immediatly connected to the binding energy of the molecular states, determined by the coupling between the molecule and the substrate. At low temperatures, the line-width of this feature, appearing on top of the partly occupied lowest unoccupied molecular orbital of the free molecule, amounts to only $\approx 25$ meV, representing an unusually small energy scale for electronic excitations in these systems. We discuss possible origins, related e.g. to many-body excitations in the organic-metal adsorbate system, in particular a generalized Kondo scenario based on the single impurity Anderson model.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, accepted as PRB Rapid Communications
Decentralized Disturbance Accommodation with Limited Plant Model Information
Creators: name: Farokhi, F.
name: Langbort, C.
name: Johansson, K. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The design of optimal disturbance accommodation and servomechanism controllers with limited plant model information is considered in this paper. Their closed-loop performance are compared using a performance metric called competitive ratio which is the worst-case ratio of the cost of a given control design strategy to the cost of the optimal control design with full model information. It was recently shown that when it comes to designing optimal centralized or partially structured decentralized state-feedback controllers with limited model information, the best control design strategy in terms of competitive ratio is a static one. This is true even though the optimal structured decentralized state-feedback controller with full model information is dynamic. In this paper, we show that, in contrast, the best limited model information control design strategy for the disturbance accommodation problem gives a dynamic controller. We find an explicit minimizer of the competitive ratio and we show that it is undominated, that is, there is no other control design strategy that performs better for all possible plants while having the same worst-case ratio. This optimal controller can be separated into a static feedback law and a dynamic disturbance observer. For constant disturbances, it is shown that this structure corresponds to proportional-integral control.
Remembering the Ancestors: Mortuary Practices and Social Memory in Pacific Nicaragua
Creators: name: Manion, Jessica
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Archaeology
subject: Pacific Nicaragua
subject: Social Memory
subject: Mortuary Practices

description: Examination of mortuary practices at Sonzapote and El Rayo provides an opportunity to understand how people in pre-historic Pacific Nicaragua constructed social memory and identity. Interments located on the side of Mound 14 at Sonzapote are dated to the Sapoá period (800-1250 CE), and are the result of post-abandonment mortuary rituals. The association of the dead with monumental architecture and statuary creates a connection between the present and the past, whether those buried on Mound 14 were related to the original inhabitants, or associated with influxes of migrant populations. El Rayo provides an example of how the living interacted with the dead through secondary interment and commingling, and consists of dedicated cemeteries where memories and identities were constructed. This research examines how interment practices represent the creation of social memory and identity at these sites, and how these people related themselves with their dead, past, present, and future.
Towards High-Quality and Resource-Efficient Mobile Streaming
Creators: name: Zakerinasab, Mohammad Reza
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Science
subject: Video Streaming
subject: computer networks

description: Video streaming is one of the most popular applications on Internet-connected devices. In particular, the increasing deployment of LTE/4G technologies and the advancements in display quality and computing power of modern smartphones and tablets have led to a significant growth in video streaming traffic in mobile networks. In these networks, communication and computational resources are not as abundant as that of wired networks or IPTV systems. Therefore, numerous challenges need to be addressed to provide a low cost, high quality video streaming service. Most importantly, adequate computational and networking resources must be available and the streaming service must be adaptive to heterogeneous end user devices and varying network conditions. Towards high-quality and resource-efficient video streaming in mobile networks, in this thesis we propose innovative techniques to address the computational resource efficiency in cloud and on the end user devices. Furthermore, we address the network fluctuation and noise using a carefully-designed forward error correction technique that also considers the energy limitations of end user devices such as smartphones. Finally, we propose significant improvements over the state-of-the-art techniques to promote collaborative video streaming in smartphones.
Group properties and invariant solutions of a sixth-order thin film equation in viscous fluid
Creators: name: Huang, Ding-jiang
name: Yang, Qin-min
name: Zhou, Shuigeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35L10, 35A22, 35A30

description: Using group theoretical methods, we analyze the generalization of a one-dimensional sixth-order thin film equation which arises in considering the motion of a thin film of viscous fluid driven by an overlying elastic plate. The most general Lie group classification of point symmetries, its Lie algebra, and the equivalence group are obtained. Similar reductions are performed and invariant solutions are constructed. It is found that some similarity solutions are of great physical interest such as sink and source solutions, travelling-wave solutions, waiting-time solutions, and blow-up solutions.
description: 8 pages
The FAIRest DataSet Award: A competition to foster FAIR principles
Creators: name: Gerlach, Roman
name: Lang, Kevin
name: Neute, Nadine
name: Rex, Jessica
name: Schröter, Annett
name: Schwartze, Volker
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: FAIR principles
awareness
award
research data management
data stewardship

description: The Thuringian Competence Network for Research Data Management established the FAIRest DataSet Award to appreciate the effort it takes to make research data publicly available taking into consideration of the FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable, reusable) principles. The concept of the competition as well as the evaluation of the submitted data sets is discussed. The award was announced in spring 2020. In consultation with the Thuringian Ministry for Economic Affairs, Science and Digital Society (TMWWDG) conditions of participation were created and prize money of 2000€, earmarked for costs related to research data management (RDM), was determined. Evaluation of submitted data sets was done in two steps: a rough evaluation based on a FAIR assessment tool and a detailed evaluation considering further criteria. The ARDC FAIR self assessment tool was selected for first evaluation as it provides comprehensive options and results given as weighted answers and in percentages. In total, eight data sets were submitted, which generally were of high quality and fulfilled most FAIR criteria. However, a few data sets lacked information especially related to interoperability and reusability as, for instance, files were only provided in proprietary formats, missed information on the metadata scheme used or applicable licences, and documentation was scarce. Detailed evaluation criteria used to determine the winning data set(s) included the number of keywords, the degree of detail of file description, format and attributes, availability of different formats as well as openness of license. The FAIRest DataSet Award is an innovative competition to foster FAIR principles. It raises awareness for RDM and contributes to a cultural change towards FAIR and open data. However, complying with FAIR criteria might be challenging. Firstly, different FAIR assessment tools strongly vary in their definition and requirements and secondly, most repositories do not offer publication options that are required (e.g. API download, linkage of metadata) to perfectly meet FAIR principles. Hence, it would be a step in the right direction for those repositories to revise their services and options. Moreover, users should make sure repositories are FAIR-compliant before publishing data sets.
Absence of spontaneous magnetic order of lattice spins coupled to itinerant interacting electrons in one and two dimensions
Creators: name: Loss, Daniel
name: Pedrocchi, Fabio L.
name: Leggett, Anthony J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the Mermin-Wagner theorem to a system of lattice spins which are spin-coupled to itinerant and interacting charge carriers. We use the Bogoliubov inequality to rigorously prove that neither (anti-) ferromagnetic nor helical long-range order is possible in one and two dimensions at any finite temperature. Our proof applies to a wide class of models including any form of electron-electron and single-electron interactions that are independent of spin. In the presence of Rashba or Dresselhaus spin-orbit interactions (SOI) magnetic order is allowed and intimately connected to equilibrium spin currents. However, in the special case when Rashba and Dresselhaus SOIs are tuned to be equal, magnetic order is excluded again. This opens up a new possibility to control magnetism in magnetic semiconductors electrically.
Discovery of Gallium, Germanium, Lutetium, and Hafnium Isotopes
Creators: name: Gross, J. L.
name: Thoennessen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Currently, twenty-eight gallium, thirty-one germanium, thirty-five lutetium, and thirty-six hafnium isotopes have been observed and the discovery of these isotopes is discussed here. For each isotope a brief synopsis of the first refereed publication, including the production and identification method, is presented.
description: to be published in At. Data. Nucl. Data Tables
Additional file 3 of Association between atherogenic index of plasma and prehypertension or hypertension among normoglycemia subjects in a Japan population: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Tan, Mingjuan
name: Zhang, Yongliang
name: Jin, Ling
name: Wang, Youli
name: Cui, Weiwei
name: Nasifu, Lubanga
name: He, Bangshun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Table S3. Sensitivity analysis of the association between AIP andhypertension in different participants groups by adjusted all covariates.
su(3) intelligent states as coupled Su(3) coherent states
Creators: name: Lavoie, Benjamin R.
name: de Guise, Hubert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend previous work on intelligent states and show how to construct su(3) intelligent states by coupling Su(3) coherent states. We also discuss some properties of the resulting states.
description: to appear in J.Phys.A
Community Organizations and the Construction of At-Risk Youth
Creators: name: Leavitt, Kendra
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Public and Social Welfare
subject: Social Construction
subject: At-Risk Youth

description: There is limited research on how community organizations conceptualize and respond to youth risk. This thesis addresses how organizations conceive the problem of youth risk, how they work with youth, and what bureaucratic challenges are encountered in doing so. Interviews and focus groups were conducted with employees of several youth serving organizations in a Canadian city. Initial findings indicate that organizations are cautious of ‘at-risk’ labels, only applying them in specific circumstances. The findings also suggest that community organizations often experience pressure by way of neoliberal arrangements; however, they develop unique expressions of resistance. The implications that organizational resistance of ‘at-risk’ labels and neoliberal policies have on youth and youth programming are considered.
Contribution of load and length related manipulations to muscle responses during force perturbations
Creators: name: Klarner, Taryn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Adding resistance to the legs during walking increases swing phase muscle activity, presumably through load-sensitive flexor muscle feedback pathways. However, increased muscle activity could also be due to the changes in lower limb kinematics that accompany resistance. Thus, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the contribution of resistance and knee pattern manipulations to muscle responses during force perturbations. The natural kinematic pattern associated with resistance was determined as subjects walked with the Lokomat applying resistances of 0%, 5% and 10% of their maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) to the hip and knee joints of both legs. Walking with increased resistance causes decreased knee flexion during the swing phase and decreased stride frequency. Knee joint data and stride frequencies at these resistance levels were used to create three biofeedback traces, representing three different knee pattern conditions, to be used in the experimental block. Subjects then walked at 9 different combinations of resistance (0%, 5% and 10% MVC) and knee pattern (fast, medium and slow). Leg muscle activity and joint kinematics were recorded and analyzed. Results indicate that both resistance and knee pattern perturbations independently contribute to ongoing swing phase activity in the quadriceps. Analysis of effect sizes indicate that resistance contributes more than the knee pattern manipulation to quadriceps muscle activity. Information arising from both load sensitive and length sensitive afferents could be involved in mediating these responses.
Dynamics of Gaseous Disks in a Non-axisymmetric Dark Halo
Creators: name: Khoperskov, A. V.
name: Eremin, M. A.
name: Khoperskov, S. A.
name: Butenko, M. A.
name: Morozov, A. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of a galactic disk in a non-axisymmetric (triaxial) dark halo is studied in detail using high-resolution, numerical, hydrodynamical models. A long-lived, two-armed spiral pattern is generated for a wide range of parameters. The spiral structure is global, and the number of turns can be two or three, depending on the model parameters. The morphology and kinematics of the spiral pattern are studied as functions of the halo and disk parameters. The spiral structure rotates slowly, and its angular velocity varies quasi-periodically. Models with differing relative halo masses, halo semi-axis ratios, distributions of matter in the disk, Mach numbers in the gaseous component, and angular rotational velocities of their halos are considered.
description: 22 pages, 11 figures
Additional file 4 of Association between atherogenic index of plasma and prehypertension or hypertension among normoglycemia subjects in a Japan population: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Tan, Mingjuan
name: Zhang, Yongliang
name: Jin, Ling
name: Wang, Youli
name: Cui, Weiwei
name: Nasifu, Lubanga
name: He, Bangshun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4: Table S4. Sensitivity analysis of the association between AIP andhypertension(130/80mmHg) in different group.
Land Registration Use: Sales in a State-Subsidised Housing Estate in South Africa
Creators: name: Roux, Lani Maré
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Engineering
subject: Land tenure
subject: Land administration
subject: Land registration system
subject: Land registration use
subject: Land transaction-strategy
subject: Theory of Planned Behaviour
subject: South Africa
subject: Social housing
subject: Poverty alleviation projects

description: The objective of this investigation is to develop land registration usage theory based on an in-depth exploration of how and why property buyers decide to transact within or outside the land registration system. If buyers decide not to register transactions, significant implications arise; for buyers, who may be vulnerable to eviction by the previous owner or the state, and for the integrity of the registration system which does not reflect the actual ownership of parcels. Despite these implications, the current understanding of land registration usage is limited, even though it is recognised that land registration may fail, particularly in development projects, because transactions are not registered. To address the limited understanding of land registration usage, a qualitative case study was conducted of a state-subsidised housing estate in a rural town in South Africa’s Western Cape province. The case study was analysed using a theoretical framework which incorporated the Theory of Planned Behaviour. The theory that emerged explained that buyers evaluate transaction-securing strategies in a transactional environment which included behavioural, power and regulatory structure components. The behavioural component included the transacting off-register and registration behaviours, which are partly complementary and mutually influential. These behaviours are evaluated by buyers in terms of their personal and social beliefs, and the factors which they believe control the performance of the transaction-securing strategies. Buyers may also select a particular transaction-securing strategy based on their perceptions of the level of tenure security and threats associated with loci of power. Furthermore, the relation of time to the transactional environment was incorporated by including a time component. Contextual characteristics, such as the housing history, population changes and migratory behaviour of residents, as well as the land records, also shaped the transactional environment. The study contributes to the understanding of land registration usage by describing how and explaining why buyers decide to use transaction-securing strategies based on their experiences. This understanding provides new insights that may change the design and implementation of land registration systems, to ultimately better serve the people whom these systems are intended to benefit.
Stone Gods and Haunted Schoolhouses: Nostalgia and Vernacular Local History in Rosebud, Alberta 1960-1983
Creators: name: Holman, Janene
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: History--Canadian
subject: Rural
subject: local
subject: Vernacular
subject: History
subject: Canada
subject: Prairie
subject: Communities
subject: Pioneers
subject: Memory
subject: Heritage
subject: Nostalgia

description: Scholars have often characterized the vernacular local history projects that proliferated across the rural Canadian prairies in the second half of the twentieth century as a grassroots response to demographic and technological change. Most academic surveys have emphasized how rural community historians articulated a mythic heritage identity by valorizing the ‘pioneer’ experience of agricultural settlement. This case study more intimately explores nostalgic commemoration of the past undertaken by local historians in Rosebud, Alberta as their community declined between 1960 and 1983. Rosebud’s historians sentimentalized autobiographical experiences of rural life, appropriated indigenous people as ancestral origin figures, and eulogized ‘wild western’ cowboys as icons of a lost frontier. Identifying and exploring these trends, this study concludes members of this rural community did not always conform to popular convention as they assigned meaning to historical experiences defined by liminality and impermanence rather than enduring stability or success.
Use of Remote Sensing and Ground Data in Comprehension of the Flooding in the Bow River Basin, Alberta
Creators: name: Veiga, Victor Barcante
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Engineering--Environmental
subject: Remote Sensing
subject: Flood
subject: Bow River
subject: Flow

description: Flooding is a devastating natural hazard throughout the world. Consequently, a flood management system is vital. Here, the aim was to investigate elements of flood management as it pertains to the Bow River in Alberta. The specific objectives included: (i) river flow forecasting at Calgary, (ii) flood extent estimation at Calgary, and (iii) river planform change detection. Analyses revealed that using a multivariable linear regression (MLR) formulated as a function of upstream gauge stations and the station of interest using antecedent flows demonstrated strong relationships (i.e., r2 = 0.93). Furthermore, the flood extent estimation gave a kappa statistic of 0.6, which is reasonable considering that the image was taken 16 days after peak flood time. Lastly, the Bow River planform change detection showed that the 2013 floods caused a higher erosion in the lower Bow River (i.e., 361.62ha) as compared to the upper Bow River area (i.e., 206.01ha).
Analysis of factors responsible for optimizing the clarification process of soybean oil: a care study using the desirability function
Creators: name: Marangoni, Renan Felicissimo
name: Tatiane Viana Dutra
name: Cardoso, Flávia Aparecida Reitz
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the industrial chemical refining process of vegetable oils, clarification stage removes pigments and requires many of inputs that represent a great part of the final cost of refined oil, and optimizing their use is a determinant factor for competitiveness. This article proposes an optimization of soybean oil clarification using the desirability function as a method to obtain such optimization. Experiments were performed in a pilot plant, and the results were assessed according to a minimum and maximum acceptable limit for each response variable for desirability function procedure. The results demonstrated that clarification procedure has an optimum solution when performed with 2% of adsorbent concentration, 0.5% of filtering auxiliary concentration and 65 min of the process at 140°C. Thus, it can be concluded that the optimization methodology, through the desirability function, results in optimization with parameters value consistent with the practice, and it can be widely applied as a method to maximize results.
The Role of Orexin in Modulating Locomotion
Creators: name: Biswabharati, Sukanya
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Spinal Cord
subject: orexin
subject: locomotion

description: The neuropeptides, orexin A/ B, are produced in the lateral hypothalamic region of the brain and are widely released in the central nervous system including locomotor regions in the brainstem and the lumbar spinal cord. Multiple lines of evidence implicate orexin as being capable of influencing locomotion. However, the direct role of orexin in modulating locomotion is not known. Motor networks, which produce rhythmic patterns of activity for locomotion in the hindlimbs reside primarily in the lumbar spinal cord. My work addressed whether direct orexinergic modulation of spinal circuits can affect locomotor behavior. Data, obtained from neurogram recordings of isolated spinal cord preparations, show that application of orexin can powerfully affect the frequency of the locomotor rhythm. Additionally, experiments performed to delineate the effect of orexin onto isolated networks of the motoneurons showed a considerable increase in the firing rate of motoneurons, further suggesting orexin’s involvement in the locomotor circuitry.
Proof-of-Concept towards a Biodiversity Tool for Agroforestry Systems. DigitAF EU Project. Deliverable 3.3
Creators: name: Vandendriessche, Jari
name: Verheyen, Kris
name: De Frenne, Pieter
name: Eeraerts, Maxime
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Agroforestry can enhance biodiversity conservation in agroecosystems, but it is still difficult to quantify such outputs. This study combines insights from meta-analyses, a stakeholder questionnaire, and an inventory of biodiversity assessment tools to develop a way to quantify biodiversity outcomes.

Through meta-analyses, we evaluated the impact of agroforestry on biodiversity across various functional groups within agroecosystems. Results indicate predominantly positive or neutral effects, highlighting the potential of agroforestry practices in fostering biodiversity, albeit with contextual nuances. Complementing this literature evidence, we carried out a stakeholder questionnaire discerning the perceptions and preferences of stakeholders. The results underscored stakeholders' recognition of biodiversity's pivotal role in agroecosystems, revealing a willingness to invest time and effort in assessing biodiversity within agroforestry settings. Stakeholders indicated that tool outputs and functionalities should be user-friendly and they indicated a preference for web-based tools integrating mapping features and checklists which could be used for diverse agroforestry types. An evaluation of 55 biodiversity tools and their capability of incorporating agroforestry components revealed limitations in terms of specificity, accessibility, and capacity to encompass the wide range of agroforestry configurations.

This interdisciplinary synthesis underscores the potential of agroforestry in promoting biodiversity while emphasizing the need for a nuanced, user-centric tool to effectively assess biodiversity within agroecosystems. Such a tool might be constructed with input-data for different agroforestry types, across several species groups and deterministic evaluation for situations where data availability is limited. The required comprehensibility could be achieved by using checklists for farm characteristics and mapping features as inputs through a website-based or computer program interface.
Additional file 1 of Machine learning applications on neonatal sepsis treatment: a scoping review
Creators: name: O’Sullivan, Colleen
name: Tsai, Daniel Hsiang-Te
name: Wu, Ian Chang-Yen
name: Boselli, Emanuela
name: Hughes, Carmel
name: Padmanabhan, Deepak
name: Hsia, Yingfen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 80699
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 19999
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
classificationCode: 110309
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
The near-infrared detection of PSR B0540-69 and its nebula
Creators: name: MignanI, R. P.
name: De Luca, A.
name: Hummel, W.
name: Zajczyk, A.
name: Rudak, B.
name: Kanbach, G.
name: Slowikowska, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ~1700 year old PSR B0540-69 in the LMC is considered the twin of the Crab pulsar because of its similar spin parameters, magnetic field, and energetics. Its optical spectrum is fit by a power-law, ascribed to synchrotron radiation, like for the young Crab and Vela pulsars. nIR observations, never performed for PSR B0540-69, are crucial to determine whether the optical power-law spectrum extends to longer wavelengths or a new break occurs, like it happens for both the Crab and Vela pulsars in the mIR, hinting at an even more complex particle energy and density distribution in the pulsar magnetosphere. We observed PSR B0540-69 in the J, H, and Ks bands with the VLT to detect it, for the first time, in the nIR and characterise its optical-to-nIR spectrum. To disentangle the pulsar emission from that of its pulsar wind nebula (PWN), we obtained high-spatial resolution adaptive optics images with NACO. We could clearly identify PSR B0540-69 in our J, H, and Ks-band images and measure its flux (J=20.14, H=19.33, Ks=18.55, with an overall error of +/- 0.1 magnitudes in each band). The joint fit to the available optical and nIR photometry with a power-law spectrum gives a spectral index alpha=0.70 +/-0.04. The comparison between our NACO images and HST optical ones does not reveal any apparent difference in the PWN morphology as a function of wavelength. The PWN optical-to-nIR spectrum is also fit by a single power-law, with spectral index alpha=0.56+/- 0.03, slightly flatter than the pulsar's. Using NACO at the VLT, we obtained the first detection of PSR B0540-69 and its PWN in the nIR. Due to the small angular scale of the PWN (~4") only the spatial resolution of the JWST will make it possible to extend the study of the pulsar and PWN spectrum towards the mid-IR.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures, Accepted for publication on Astronomy and Astrophysics
Association Between Lifetime Physical Activity and Cognitive Functioning in Middle-aged and Older Community Dwelling Adults: Results from the Brain in Motion Study
Creators: name: Gill, Stephanie
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Epidemiology
subject: Psychology--Cognitive
subject: Aging
subject: Exercise
subject: Cerebrovascular Physiology
subject: Epidemiology

description: Objective: Is total lifetime physical activity (PA) associated with better cognitive functioning with aging and does cerebrovascular function mediates this association? Methods: 226 community dwelling middle-aged and older adults completed the Lifetime Total PA Questionnaire, underwent neuropsychological and cerebrovascular blood flow testing. Multiple robust linear regressions were used to model the associations between lifetime PA and global cognition. Mediation analysis was used to assess the effect of cerebrovascular measures on the association between lifetime PA and global cognition. Results: Better cognitive performance was associated with higher lifetime PA (p=0.045), recreational PA (p=0.018), vigorous intensity PA (p=0.004), PA between the ages of 0-20 years (p=0.028), and the ages of 21-35 years (p<0.0001). Cerebrovascular measures partially mediated the relation between current fitness and cognition. Conclusion: This study revealed significant associations between higher levels of lifetime PA and better cognitive function. Cerebrovascular function partially mediated the relation between current fitness and global cognition.
Development of a Two Link Robotic Manipulator
Creators: name: Adelakun, Najeem Olawale
name: Olaoluwa D. Aladetola
name: Akingbade, Francis K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 91302 Automation and Control Engineering
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 90203 Automotive Mechatronics
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: 90299 Automotive Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: 90202 Automotive Engineering Materials
subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: 91503 Engineering Practice
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: Robots play important roles in day to day activities of human endeavour and can perform complex tasks speedily and accurately. Robots are employed to imitate human behaviours and then apply these behaviours to the skills that lead to achieving a certain task in solving the challenges faced by impaired people in society. This robotic arm was achieved using light-weight steel iron for the frames, a moderate torque MG995 Towerpro, and servo motor. Two Atmega328 Arduino microcontroller was employed to control the motors through the use of pulse width modulation technique. Mathematical models were developed for the mechanism to represent the kinematics involved at each joint with mathematical variables. Then, the stability of the system was carried out using a step input signal being a type zero system.
Tissue Injury and Effects of Applied Vibration on the Intervertebral Disc
Creators: name: Desmoulin, Geoffrey
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Engineering--Biomedical
subject: injury
subject: Biomechanics
subject: Disc
subject: Restoration
subject: Vibration

description: It is thought that disc degeneration can cause spine related pain. New treatments acting at cellular levels in the intervertebral discs (IVD) may offer potential to improve long-term disc health. Hence, optimized loading that induces positive cellular changes in the disc may improve disc health delaying the onset of degeneration, thus delaying the onset of pain. This dissertation evaluates and improves a vibration based spinal intervention called the Khan Kinetic Treatment (KKT) while describing some of its mechanisms of treatment of the intervertebral disc. Objectives of this study are to: 1) test effects of vibration on disc biosynthesis prior to device modifications (KKT_v1); 2) determine vibration conditions that are most effective in positively altering IVD gene expression; 3) implement findings from objective 2 by modifying the spinal intervention (KKT_v2) and repeating tests; and 4) design, build, validate, and experiment with a novel bioreactor so that other tissues may be targeted. It could be concluded that the un-modified interventions (KKT_v1) vibration loading profile did not fall within the influential range that affects the cells of the bovine IVD. Objective 2 results showed that expression of certain extracellular matrix genes were significantly up regulated with specific vibration loading patterns, indicating a potential therapeutic stimulus (10 min. total duration of an equal mix of 16 Hz and a 50-80 Hz frequency sweep at a minimum of 0.4 g amplitude). Objective 3 had KKT_v1’s firmware edited to drive the new frequencies found to be most effective in objective 2 making KKT_v2; results of objective 3 showed that expression of certain extracellular matrix genes were significantly up regulated when vibrated with the modified intervention (KKT_v2) indicating a potential therapeutic stimulus of the intervention itself. Objective 4 results confirmed the positive influence of mRNA expression with the new bioreactor by utilizing the optimal vibration patterns identified in objective 2. This research has moved past the proof of concept stage as it has been shown that specific vibration conditions (10 min, 16 & 50-80 Hz, 0.4g) can influence the expression of cell genes in the IVD. The novel bioreactor built as a result of chapter 4 allows us to test other tissues, while mimicking in-vivo conditions. This information could be used to construct future experiments in protein expression or in-vivo MRI studies of human IVD.
Monitoring transient elastic energy storage within the rotary motors of single FoF1-ATP synthase by DCO-ALEX FRET
Creators: name: Ernst, Stefan
name: Dueser, Monika G.
name: Zarrabi, Nawid
name: Boersch, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The enzyme FoF1-ATP synthase provides the 'chemical energy currency' adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for living cells. Catalysis is driven by mechanochemical coupling of subunit rotation within the enzyme with conformational changes in the three ATP binding sites. Proton translocation through the membrane-bound Fo part of ATP synthase powers a 10-step rotary motion of the ring of c subunits. This rotation is transmitted to the gamma and epsilon subunits of the F1 part. Because gamma and epsilon subunits rotate in 120 deg steps, we aim to unravel this symmetry mismatch by real time monitoring subunit rotation using single-molecule Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET). One fluorophore is attached specifically to the F1 motor, another one to the Fo motor of the liposome-reconstituted enzyme. Photophysical artifacts due to spectral fluctuations of the single fluorophores are minimized by a previously developed duty cycle-optimized alternating laser excitation scheme (DCO-ALEX). We report the detection of reversible elastic deformations between the rotor parts of Fo and F1 and estimate the maximum angular displacement during the load-free rotation using Monte Carlo simulations
description: 14 pages, 7 figures
Specific features of stressful experiences, interpersonal sensitivity, and biological stress mediators in children and adolescents
Creators: name: Marin, Teresa J.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis examines the associations between stressful experiences and biological mediators in young people, with an emphasis on specific features of the stressor (such as duration and emotion-eliciting qualities) and the moderating role of dispositional interpersonal sensitivity. Study 1 examined the effects of major life events, chronic interpersonal stress, and the interaction between the two among 104 adolescent women. The biological outcomes were cortisol output, the expression of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) mRNA, C-reactive protein (CRP), insulin, and glucose. Results indicated that neither life events nor chronic interpersonal stress was significantly associated with biological outcomes. However, adolescents who experienced the combination of a major life event and higher levels of chronic interpersonal stress showed increased cortisol output and decreased expression of GR mRNA. This indicates that the simultaneous exposure to both acute and chronic stress may be particularly detrimental. Study 2 aimed to replicate these findings among 71 youth with asthma. This study followed participants over 2 years. Life stress, asthma-relevant immune activity, and daily asthma symptoms were measured every 6 months. Findings were analyzed using hierarchical linear modeling (HLM). Similar to the study 1 findings, youth who were double-exposed to a major life event and chronic family stress showed increased production of asthma-relevant cytokines and increased symptom expression. Finally, study 3 examined the interaction between interpersonal sensitivity and life event dimensions of loss, danger, and humiliation among 144 adolescent women. Study outcomes included markers of early cardiovascular risk, such as blood pressure and indicators of systemic inflammation (serum CRP, serum interleukin-6, and stimulated IL-6). Life stress dimensions and biological outcomes were measured every 6 months over 2.5 years. HLM analyses indicated that interpersonal sensitivity moderated the relations of danger events to CRP and diastolic blood pressure, such that the biological response was amplified among interpersonally sensitive adolescents. Interpersonal sensitivity also interacted with loss events, and adolescents high on interpersonal sensitivity showed increased production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 in the aftermath of major loss. Overall, findings indicate that stressor impact is a complex phenomenon that depends on specific properties of the stressor, as well as dispositional factors like interpersonal sensitivity.