cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Stability of the solution set of quasi-variational inequalities and optimal control
Creators: name: Alphonse, Amal
name: Hintermüller, Michael
name: Rautenberg, Carlos N.
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quasi-variational inequality
subject: optimal control
subject: multivalued solution maps

description: For a class of quasivariational inequalities (QVIs) of obstacle-type the stability of its solution set and associated optimal control problems are considered. These optimal control problems are non-standard in the sense that they involve an objective with set-valued arguments. The approach to study the solution stability is based on perturbations of minimal and maximal elements to the solution set of the QVI with respect to monotonic perturbations of the forcing term. It is shown that different assumptions are required for studying decreasing and increasing perturbations and that the optimization problem of interest is well-posed.
Results on Charm Baryon Spectroscopy from Tevatron
Creators: name: Wick, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to an excellent mass resolution and a large amount of available data, the CDF experiment, located at the Tevatron proton-antiproton accelerator, allows the precise measurement of spectroscopic properties, like mass and decay width, of a variety of states. This was exploited to examine the first orbital excitations of the Lambda_c baryon, the resonances Lambda_c(2595) and Lambda_c(2625), in the decay channel Lambda_c^+ pi^+ pi^-, as well as the Lambda_c spin excitations Sigma_c(2455) and Sigma_c(2520) in its decays to Lambda_c^+ pi^- and Lambda_c^+ pi^+ final states in a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.2 invfb. We present measurements of the mass differences with respect to the Lambda_c and the decay widths of these states, using significantly higher statistics than previous experiments.
description: submitted to Proceedings of the International Workshop on Charm Physics (Charm 2010)
Monte-Carlo sampling of energy-constrained quantum superpositions in high-dimensional Hilbert spaces
Creators: name: Hantschel, Frank
name: Fine, Boris V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent studies into the properties of quantum statistical ensembles in high-dimensional Hilbert spaces have encountered difficulties associated with the Monte-Carlo sampling of quantum superpositions constrained by the energy expectation value. A straightforward Monte-Carlo routine would enclose the energy constrained manifold within a larger manifold, which is easy to sample, for example, a hypercube. The efficiency of such a sampling routine decreases exponentially with the increase of the dimension of the Hilbert space, because the volume of the enclosing manifold becomes exponentially larger than the volume of the manifold of interest. The present paper explores the ways to optimise the above routine by varying the shapes of the manifolds enclosing the energy-constrained manifold. The resulting improvement in the sampling efficiency is about a factor of five for a 14-dimensional Hilbert space. The advantage of the above algorithm is that it does not compromise on the rigorous statistical nature of the sampling outcome and hence can be used to test other more sophisticated Monte-Carlo routines. The present attempts to optimise the enclosing manifolds also bring insights into the geometrical properties of the energy constrained manifold itself.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in European Physical Journal D
In Vitro Light and Scanning Electron Microscopic Study Involving Erbium: YAG Laser Irradiation of Temporomandibular Joint Tissue
Creators: name: Moritz, M.
name: Niederdellmann, H.
name: Deuerling, C.
name: Hering, P.
name: Dammer, R.
name: Behr, M.
name: Prettl, Wilhelm
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: Laser-assisted procedures have been applied in arthroscopic surgery with varying degrees of success since the end of the 1970s. The introduction of pulsed holmium and erbium:YAG lasers in the near-infrared range seems to signify a more promising alternative in arthroscopic applications than the CO2 and Nd:YAG lasers that were propagated initially. Since a flexible transmission system for erbium:YAG lasers is still not available, commercialization and thus the clinical utilization of holmium: YAG lasers is more advanced at present. This paper introduces the results of an interdisciplinary research project. With the aid of photomacroscopic examination, light and scanning electron microscopic investigations, changes to temporomandibular joint structures were detected in vitro after irradiation with an erbium:YAG laser system. This investigation revealed that the optimum average energy density and pulse duration for the erbium:YAG laser radiation for the purpose of arthroscopic temperomandibular joint (TMJ) surgery—which means efficient etch rate and minimal adjacent injury—seem to be about 24–42 J/cm2 and 120–240 μsec, respectively.
Efficient numerical stability analysis of detonation waves in ZND
Creators: name: Humpherys, Jeffrey
name: Zumbrun, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: As described in the classic works of Lee--Stewart and Short--Stewart, the numerical evaluation of linear stability of planar detonation waves is a computationally intensive problem of considerable interest in applications. Reexamining this problem from a modern numerical Evans function point of view, we derive a new algorithm for their stability analysis, related to a much older method of Erpenbeck, that, while equally simple and easy to implement as the standard method introduced by Lee--Stewart, appears to be potentially faster and more stable.
Additional file 3 of Focal adhesion kinase inhibitor TAE226 combined with Sorafenib slows down hepatocellular carcinoma by multiple epigenetic effects
Creators: name: Romito, Ilaria
name: Porru, Manuela
name: Braghini, Maria Rita
name: Pompili, Luca
name: Panera, Nadia
name: Crudele, Annalisa
name: Gnani, Daniela
name: De Stefanis, Cristiano
name: Scarsella, Marco
name: Pomella, Silvia
name: Levi Mortera, Stefano
name: de Billy, Emmanuel
name: Conti, Adrian Libenzio
name: Marzano, Valeria
name: Putignani, Lorenza
name: Vinciguerra, Manlio
name: Balsano, Clara
name: Pastore, Anna
name: Rota, Rossella
name: Tartaglia, Marco
name: Leonetti, Carlo
name: Alisi, Anna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Table S3. Common up- and down-regulated genes.
The Dearth of Chemically Enriched Warm-Hot Circumgalactic Gas
Creators: name: Yao, Y.
name: Wang, Q. D.
name: Penton, S. V.
name: Tripp, T. M.
name: Shull, J. M.
name: Stocke, J. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The circumgalactic medium (CGM) around galaxies is believed to record various forms of galaxy feedback and contain a significant portion of the "missing baryons" of individual dark matter halos. However, clear observational evidence for the existence of the hot CGM is still absent. We use intervening galaxies along 12 background AGNs as tracers to search for X-ray absorption lines produced in the corresponding CGM. Stacking Chandra grating observations with respect to galaxy groups and different luminosities of these intervening galaxies, we obtain spectra with signal-to-noise ratios of 46-72 per 20-mA spectral bin at the expected OVII Kalpha line. We find no detectable absorption lines of CVI, NVII, OVII, OVIII, or NeIX. The high spectral quality allows us to tightly constrain upper limits to the corresponding ionic column densities (in particular log[N(OVII)(cm^{-2})]<=14.2--14.8). These nondetections are inconsistent with the Local Group hypothesis of the X-ray absorption lines at z~0 commonly observed in the spectra of AGNs. These results indicate that the putative CGM in the temperature range of 10^{5.5}-10^{6.3} K may not be able to account for the missing baryons unless the metallicity is less than 10% solar.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, and 5 tables. Accepted for publication in the ApJ, June 2010 - 20 v716 issue.
Fidelity decay for local perturbations: microwave evidence for oscillating decay exponents
Creators: name: Köber, Bernd
name: Kuhl, Ulrich
name: Stöckmann, Hans-Jürgen
name: Goussev, Arseni
name: Richter, Klaus
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 05.45.Mt, 03.65.Sq

description: We study fidelity decay in classically chaotic microwave billiards for a local, piston-like boundary perturbation. We experimentally verify a predicted non-monotonic cross-over from the Fermi Golden Rule to the escape-rate regime of the Loschmidt echo decay with increasing local boundary perturbation. In particular, we observe pronounced oscillations of the decay rate as a function of the piston position which quantitatively agree with corresponding theoretical results based on a refined semiclassical approach for local boundary perturbations
On Lusin's area integrals and g-functions in certain Dunkl and Laguerre settings
Creators: name: Szarek, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42C10 (Primary) 42B25, 42B20 (Secondary)

description: We investigate $g$-functions and Lusin's area type integrals related to certain multi-dimensional Dunkl and Laguerre settings. We prove that the considered square functions are bounded on weighted $L^p$, $1
description: 30 pages
Discussion of: A statistical analysis of multiple temperature proxies: Are reconstructions of surface temperatures over the last 1000 years reliable?
Creators: name: Nychka, Doug
name: Li, Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Discussion of "A statistical analysis of multiple temperature proxies: Are reconstructions of surface temperatures over the last 1000 years reliable?" by B.B. McShane and A.J. Wyner [arXiv:1104.4002]
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/10-AOAS398K the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
GENERATIVE DESIGN OPTIMIZATION OF CONNECTING RODS
Creators: name: Parsons, Cole Lewis
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 401001
subject: Engineering design
classificationCode: 400299
subject: Automotive engineering not elsewhere classified

description: The United States government and Environmental Protection Agency have mandated that vehicles must meet 54.5 miles per gallon(07/29/2011: President Obama Announces Historic 54.5 Mpg Fuel Efficiency Standard/Consumers Will Save $1.7 Trillion at the Pump, $8K per Vehicle by 2025, n.d.). Faced with increased governmental regulations, manufacturers must find new ways to improve their internal combustion engines. Examining the various components of internal combustion engines, there is potential to optimize individual components for mass reduction and thus improving vehicle performance. Engine Components, specifically connecting rods, are essential to the operation of an engine. While connecting rod designs are highly refined, breakthroughs in additive manufacturing technology have given way to novel approaches in the optimization process. Autodesk Inc. has provided an innovative, generative design space to reduce design time and explore complex optimization. The generative design process provides engineers with unique designs while considering many parameters including material, load cases, and manufacturing processes. The study applied generative design structural load casing to a connecting rod of a single cylinder Ryobi engine to optimize for metal additive manufacturing. The generated outcomes were subjected to finite element analysis to determine their feasibility against a traditional drop forged or die cast design. The results compared three generated geometries against three common additive manufacturing materials in ANSYS Mechanical. The generated geometries were tested for equivalent (Von Mises) stress, equivalent strain, and total deformation. The study, using preliminary forces in a static situation, found that mass reductions of up to 19% were achievable while maintaining performance capabilities of the original design.
The use and perceived value of green spaces : a comparison of two Vancouver parks
Creators: name: Monti, Alessandra
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Increasing urbanization has determined a progressive detachment of people from a daily contact with nature, causing a series of public health and social concerns. Nonetheless, various studies recognized that green spaces in urban contexts play an important role in providing a series of benefits to the surrounding communities. Typically, benefits of urban nature have been studied from an anthropocentric perspective. Conversely, this thesis adopts a ‘regenerative approach’, which recognizes that humans and nature are part of the same living system and therefore they both contribute to the health of the system. Accordingly, a classification of benefits was proposed, which distinguishes between social benefits (or benefits to humans) and environmental benefits (or benefits to nature). Whilst social and environmental benefits of green spaces are numerous, review of the evidence demonstrates that different groups of people perceive and use green spaces differently, depending on a series of personal characteristics (such as age group, cultural background, everyday exposure to ‘nearby nature’, different images and values of nature, life experiences), physical characteristics (such as quality, quantity and proximity of green spaces, presence and maintenance of park features, support for certain activities) and on the type of exposure (intensity, frequency and duration of the experience). Through the analysis – conducted through observations and questionnaires – and comparison of two case studies in Vancouver, patterns of use and perceived value of urban parks were investigated. In particular, two indicators were examined: ‘social interactions’ and ‘perceived nature’. Results suggest that the intensity of the experience that urban parks provide – determined by the presence of certain park and natural features and by the opportunity of performing certain activities – positively affects their use and perceived value. In particular, social interactions were promoted by the presence of playgrounds and grass, while perception of nature was enhanced by the presence of street trees in the neighbourhood and by the exposure to a variety of natural elements within the park. This suggests that perception of social and environmental benefits of urban nature may be enhanced by green space policies providing certain park and natural features at the park and neighbourhood scale.
Density of states of chaotic Andreev billiards
Creators: name: Kuipers, Jack
name: Engl, Thomas
name: Berkolaiko, Gregory
name: Petitjean, Cyril
name: Waltner, Daniel
name: Richter, Klaus
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 74.40.−n, 03.65.Sq, 05.45.Mt, 74.45.+c

description: Quantum cavities or dots have markedly different properties depending on whether their classical counterparts are chaotic or not. Connecting a superconductor to such a cavity leads to notable proximity effects, particularly the appearance, predicted by random matrix theory, of a hard gap in the excitation spectrum of quantum chaotic systems. Andreev billiards are interesting examples of such structures built with superconductors connected to a ballistic normal metal billiard since each time an electron hits the superconducting part it is retroreflected as a hole (and vice-versa). Using a semiclassical framework for systems with chaotic dynamics, we show how this reflection, along with the interference due to subtle correlations between the classical paths of electrons and holes inside the system, are ultimately responsible for the gap formation. The treatment can be extended to include the effects of a symmetry breaking magnetic field in the normal part of the billiard or an Andreev billiard connected to two phase shifted superconductors. Therefore we are able to see how these effects can remold and eventually suppress the gap. Furthermore the semiclassical framework is able to cover the effect of a finite Ehrenfest time which also causes the gap to shrink. However for intermediate values this leads to the appearance of a second hard gap - a clear signature of the Ehrenfest time.
Additional file 1 of Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on sexual functioning and activity: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Masoudi, Mojgan
name: Maasoumi, Raziyeh
name: Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Ehrenfest-time dependence of counting statistics for chaotic ballistic systems
Creators: name: Waltner, Daniel
name: Kuipers, Jack
name: Richter, Klaus
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 03.65.Sq, 05.45.Mt

description: Transport properties of open chaotic ballistic systems and their statistics can be expressed in terms of the scattering matrix connecting incoming and outgoing wavefunctions. Here we calculate the dependence of correlation functions of arbitrarily many pairs of scattering matrices at different energies on the Ehrenfest time using trajectory based semiclassical methods. This enables us to verify the prediction from effective random matrix theory that one part of the correlation function obtains an exponential damping depending on the Ehrenfest time, while also allowing us to obtain the additional contribution which arises from bands of always correlated trajectories. The resulting Ehrenfest-time dependence, responsible e.g. for secondary gaps in the density of states of Andreev billiards, can also be seen to have strong effects on other transport quantities like the distribution of delay times.
Four Corners (re-sestablisher)
Creators: name: Ajaero, Ucheya
name: Bullock, Abigail
name: Perkins, Abigail
name: Rahming-Williams, Nichelle
name: Riffle, Brianna
name: Boland, Margret
name: Gomez, Jose
name: Gross, Hannah
name: Mora, Adrian
name: Watson, Omari
name: Deist, Chase
name: Demircan, Zeynep
name: Garcia, Aylin
name: Jones, Amory
name: Mulé, Maya
name: Hernandez, Kevin
name: Hussien, Abdureuf
name: Merino, Sandra
name: Pipatpongsa, Chayaporn?
Publisher: name: Partnership for Action Learning Sustainability (PALS)
Year: 2023
Subjects: National Center for Smart Growth PALS
Montgomery County
Four Corners
UMD School of Architecture, Planning, and Preservation
Environmental Planning, Parks, Greenways
Community and Social Sustainability

description: Final presentation for ARCH700: Graduate Urban Design Studio (Fall 2023). University of Maryland, College Park
description: The ARCH 700 Urban Design Graduate looked at the Four Corners site and the Arts District area in Hyattsville with the intent to understand what problems each of these communities had and how to apply best practices in urban design to each. At Four Corners, the focus was on creating a sense of place and community along University Boulevard where little of that kind of experience existed previously, and at Hyattsville, how to reimagine the urban design of the Arts District and the vacant County Service building so that a more vibrant town center could emerge. Students explored issues such as multi-modal circulation, the city grid, densification through the addition of various building typologies, community place-making, and ‘complete street’ design. All of the proposals sought to integrate new residential and other developments and create a framework for parks and urban spaces that embrace diversity and maintain historic cultural assets.
SEpM 4: Nanna-ki'aĝ-Lipit-Eštar (3.2.3)
Creators: name: Attinger, Pascal
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: sumerian
Translation
Traduction

description: Traduction The Sumerian Epistolary Miscellany 4: Nanna-ki'aĝ-Lipit-Eštar (3.2.3) Pascal Attinger, 2013, actualisé en 2019
Additional file 5 of Focal adhesion kinase inhibitor TAE226 combined with Sorafenib slows down hepatocellular carcinoma by multiple epigenetic effects
Creators: name: Romito, Ilaria
name: Porru, Manuela
name: Braghini, Maria Rita
name: Pompili, Luca
name: Panera, Nadia
name: Crudele, Annalisa
name: Gnani, Daniela
name: De Stefanis, Cristiano
name: Scarsella, Marco
name: Pomella, Silvia
name: Levi Mortera, Stefano
name: de Billy, Emmanuel
name: Conti, Adrian Libenzio
name: Marzano, Valeria
name: Putignani, Lorenza
name: Vinciguerra, Manlio
name: Balsano, Clara
name: Pastore, Anna
name: Rota, Rossella
name: Tartaglia, Marco
name: Leonetti, Carlo
name: Alisi, Anna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5: Table S5. GO annotations.
MPEC 2023-X146 : 2023 XE4
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 XE4

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Additional file 6 of Focal adhesion kinase inhibitor TAE226 combined with Sorafenib slows down hepatocellular carcinoma by multiple epigenetic effects
Creators: name: Romito, Ilaria
name: Porru, Manuela
name: Braghini, Maria Rita
name: Pompili, Luca
name: Panera, Nadia
name: Crudele, Annalisa
name: Gnani, Daniela
name: De Stefanis, Cristiano
name: Scarsella, Marco
name: Pomella, Silvia
name: Levi Mortera, Stefano
name: de Billy, Emmanuel
name: Conti, Adrian Libenzio
name: Marzano, Valeria
name: Putignani, Lorenza
name: Vinciguerra, Manlio
name: Balsano, Clara
name: Pastore, Anna
name: Rota, Rossella
name: Tartaglia, Marco
name: Leonetti, Carlo
name: Alisi, Anna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 6: Figure S1. FAK phosphorylation in HCC cells after IC50 values of treatments. Quantitative analysis of pTyr397FAK expression after 48 h of treatment with the different drugs, in HepG2 and Huh7 cells. Values are the mean arbitrary units ± SD of at least three independent experiments. Data were analysed by 2-tailed Student’s t test. *p
Fractional quantum Hall effect in CdTe
Creators: name: Piot, B. A.
name: Kunc, J.
name: Potemski, M.
name: Maude, D. K.
name: Betthausen, Christian
name: Vogl, Anton
name: Weiss, Dieter
name: Karczewski, G.
name: Wojtowicz, T.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 73.43.Qt, 73.40.Lq, 73.43.Lp

description: The fractional quantum Hall (FQH) effect is reported in a high mobility CdTe quantum well at millikelvin temperatures. Fully developed FQH states are observed at filling factor 4/3 and 5/3 and are found to be both spin-polarized ground state for which the lowest energy excitation is not a spin flip. This can be accounted for by the relatively high intrinsic Zeeman energy in this single valley two-dimensional electron gas. FQH minima are also observed in the first excited (N=1) Landau level at filling factor 7/3 and 8/3 for intermediate temperatures. In contrast, the 5/2 FQH state remains absent down to T∼10 mK.
Numerical simulations and exactly soluble spin-glass models
Creators: name: Morgenstern, Ingo
name: van Hemmen, J. L.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 64.60.Cn

description: Some general arguments based on recent numerical work are presented to explain the different behavior of short-range, random-bond and long-range, random-site spin glasses. We then analyze an exactly soluble spin-glass model, which may be solved without replicas, and show that, except for the absence of microscopic metastable states, its main features are consistent with the long-range picture.
Disordered, strongly scattering porous materials as miniature multipass gas cells
Creators: name: Svensson, Tomas
name: Adolfsson, Erik
name: Lewander, Märta
name: Xu, Can T.
name: Svanberg, Sune
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectroscopic gas sensing is both a commercial success and a rapidly advancing scientific field. Throughout the years, massive efforts have been directed towards improving detection limits by achieving long interaction pathlengths. Prominent examples include the use of conventional multipass gas cells, sophisticated high-finesse cavities, gas-filled holey fibers, integrating spheres, and diffusive reflectors. Despite this rich flora of approaches, there is a continuous struggle to reduce size, gas volume, cost and alignment complexity. Here, we show that extreme light scattering in porous materials can be used to realise miniature gas cells. Near-infrared transmission through a 7 mm zirconia (ZrO2) sample with a 49% porosity and subwavelength pore structure (on the order of 100 nm) gives rise to an effective gas interaction pathlength above 5 meters, an enhancement corresponding to 750 passes through a conventional multipass cell. This essentially different approach to pathlength enhancement opens a new route to compact, alignment-free and low-cost optical sensor systems.
Short-and long-range interactions in spin-glasses
Creators: name: Morgenstern, Ingo
name: van Hemmen, J. L.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: The competition between short-range disorder and the long-range, Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida interaction is studied. For suitable values of the coupling constants we find a dynamical freezing, which is a precursor to an equilibrium phase transition at a still lower temperature. Our present method is restricted to two dimensions.
Fast direct Monte Carlo optimization using the inverse kernel approach
Creators: name: Bogner, Ludwig
name: Alt, Marco
name: Dirscherl, Thomas
name: Morgenstern, Ingo
name: Latscha, Christof
name: Rickhey, Mark
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Medical physics
subject: 530 Physik
subject: 87.56.ng; 87.55.K-; 87.55.-x; 87.55.Qr; 87.56.Da

description: The loss of treatment plan quality after segmentation following fluence optimization is a problem in IMRT. In a previous publication we showed that re-optimization helps to re-establish part of the plan quality. Recently the so-called direct aperture optimization method has been introduced to successfully overcome that difficulty. The aim of the present paper is to present in detail the integration of the inverse kernel method into direct aperture optimization. It can be shown that this integration leads to a system with high performance with regard to time, while Monte Carlo precision is maintained. The integrated simulated annealing optimization algorithm allows easy adaptation to any multi-leaf collimator and it is open to any complex objective function. Investigations of simulated annealing control parameters are performed to improve the performance. The system denoted by direct Monte Carlo optimization (DMCO) is demonstrated on the Carpet phantom and a clinical prostate case as well. Results are compared to inverse kernel optimizations, showing a remarkable time reduction and simultaneously an improvement in plan quality for the Carpet phantom.
Additional file 7 of Focal adhesion kinase inhibitor TAE226 combined with Sorafenib slows down hepatocellular carcinoma by multiple epigenetic effects
Creators: name: Romito, Ilaria
name: Porru, Manuela
name: Braghini, Maria Rita
name: Pompili, Luca
name: Panera, Nadia
name: Crudele, Annalisa
name: Gnani, Daniela
name: De Stefanis, Cristiano
name: Scarsella, Marco
name: Pomella, Silvia
name: Levi Mortera, Stefano
name: de Billy, Emmanuel
name: Conti, Adrian Libenzio
name: Marzano, Valeria
name: Putignani, Lorenza
name: Vinciguerra, Manlio
name: Balsano, Clara
name: Pastore, Anna
name: Rota, Rossella
name: Tartaglia, Marco
name: Leonetti, Carlo
name: Alisi, Anna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 7: Figure S2. Evaluation of the IC50 values of TAE226 and SOR on HCC cell viability after 2 and 5 days. Cell viability, measured by XTT assay, after 2 and 5 days from treatment with TAE226 or SOR, in HepG2 and Huh7 cells. Values are the mean OD ± SD of three independent experiments repeated at least in duplicate. Data were analysed by ANOVA. ***p
Phenomenological renormalization for spin glasses
Creators: name: Morgenstern, Ingo
name: Huse, David A.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1986
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: The phenomenological renormalization approach of Nightingale was carried out for 2-dim spin glasses. We examine models with Gaussian, exp (-J2/2), and exponential, exp (-|J|), distributions for nearest neigbor Ising spins. The correlation length exponent is estimated to be v = 4.2±0.5 in contrast to the scaling laws of the “freezing theory” which require v = 2.
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy of TW Hya: A Revised Spectral Type and Comparison with Magnetospheric Accretion Models
Creators: name: Vacca, William D.
name: Sandell, Göran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high signal-to-noise, moderate spectral resolution (R ~ 2000-2500) near-infrared (0.8-5.0 micron) spectroscopy of the nearby T Tauri star TW Hya. By comparing the spectrum and the equivalent widths of several atomic and molecular features with those for stars in the IRTF near-infrared library, we revise the spectral type to M2.5V, which is later than usually adopted (K7V). This implies a substantially cooler stellar temperature than previously assumed. Comparison with various pre-main sequence models suggests that TW Hya is only ~3 Myr old; much younger than the usually adopted 8 - 10 Myr. Analysis of the relative strengths of the H lines seen in the spectrum yields estimates for the temperature and density of the emitting region of T_e > 7500 K and n_e ~ 10^{12} - 10^{13} cm^{-3}. The thickness of the emitting region is 10^2 - 10^4 km and the covering fraction is f_\ast ~ 0.04. Our derived physical parameter values agree with the predictions of the magnetospheric accretion scenario. The highest signal-to-noise H lines have profiles that indicate multiple emission components. We derive an excess spectrum (above that of the M2.5V template) that peaks in the H band. Although our derived veiling values, ~ 0.1, agree with previous estimates, the excess spectrum does not match that of current models in which this flux is generated by an inner optically thin disk. We suggest that the excess flux spectrum instead reflects the differences in atmospheric opacity, gravity, and age between TW Hya and older, higher gravity field M2.5 dwarfs.
description: 43 pages, 12 figures; accepted for publication in ApJ
Additional file 8 of Focal adhesion kinase inhibitor TAE226 combined with Sorafenib slows down hepatocellular carcinoma by multiple epigenetic effects
Creators: name: Romito, Ilaria
name: Porru, Manuela
name: Braghini, Maria Rita
name: Pompili, Luca
name: Panera, Nadia
name: Crudele, Annalisa
name: Gnani, Daniela
name: De Stefanis, Cristiano
name: Scarsella, Marco
name: Pomella, Silvia
name: Levi Mortera, Stefano
name: de Billy, Emmanuel
name: Conti, Adrian Libenzio
name: Marzano, Valeria
name: Putignani, Lorenza
name: Vinciguerra, Manlio
name: Balsano, Clara
name: Pastore, Anna
name: Rota, Rossella
name: Tartaglia, Marco
name: Leonetti, Carlo
name: Alisi, Anna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 8: Figure S3. IGF-1R in HCC cells after treatment with TAE226 > SOR compared to single treatments. Representative immunoblot and quantitative analysis of phosphorylated IGF-1R after 48 h from treatment with the different drugs, in HepG2 (A) and Huh7 cells (B). αTubulin served as loading control. Values are the mean arbitrary units ± SD of at least three independent experiments. Data were analysed by 2-tailed Student’s t test. **p
The XMM-Newton Wide field survey in the COSMOS field: redshift evolution of AGN bias and subdominant role of mergers in triggering moderate luminosity AGN at redshift up to 2.2
Creators: name: Allevato, V.
name: Finoguenov, A.
name: Cappelluti, N.
name: Miyaji, T.
name: Hasinger, G.
name: Salvato, M.
name: Brusa, M.
name: Gilli, R.
name: Zamorani, G.
name: Shankar, F.
name: James, J. B.
name: McCracken, H. J.
name: Bongiorno, A.
name: Merloni, A.
name: Peacock, J. A.
name: Silverman, J.
name: Comastri, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the redshift evolution of the projected correlation function of 593 X-ray selected AGN with I_AB<23 and spectroscopic redshifts z<4, extracted from the 0.5-2 keV X-ray mosaic of the 2.13 deg^2 XMM-COSMOS survey. We introduce a method to estimate the average bias of the AGN sample and the mass of AGN hosting halos, solving the sample variance using the halo model and taking into account the growth of the structure over time. We find evidence of a redshift evolution of the bias factor for the total population of XMM-COSMOS AGN from b(z=0.92)=2.30 +/- 0.11 to b(z=1.94)=4.37 +/- 0.27 with an average mass of the hosting DM halos logM [h^-1 M_sun] ~ 13.12 +/- 0.12 that remains constant at all z < 2. Splitting our sample into broad optical lines AGN (BL), AGN without broad optical lines (NL) and X-ray unobscured and obscured AGN, we observe an increase of the bias with redshift in the range z=0.7-2.25 and z=0.6-1.5 which corresponds to a constant halo mass logM [h^-1 M_sun] ~ 13.28 +/- 0.07 and logM [h^-1 M_sun] ~ 13.00 +/- 0.06 for BL /X-ray unobscured AGN and NL/X-ray obscured AGN, respectively. The theoretical models which assume a quasar phase triggered by major mergers can not reproduce the high bias factors and DM halo masses found for X-ray selected BL AGN with L_BOL ~ 2e45 erg s^-1. Our work extends up to z ~ 2.2 the z <= 1 statement that, for moderate luminosity X-ray selected BL AGN, the contribution from major mergers is outnumbered by other processes, possibly secular such as tidal disruptions or disk instabilities.
description: 16 emulateapj pages, 18 figures and 3 tables. Accepted for the publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Evidence for d-wave superconductivity in the repulsive Hubbard model
Creators: name: Fettes, Werner
name: Morgenstern, Ingo
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 74.20.-z; 02.70.Lq

description: We perform numerical simulations of the Hubbard model using the projector Quantum Monte Carlo method. A novel approach for finite size scaling is discussed. We obtain evidence in favor of d-wave superconductivity in the repulsive Hubbard model. For U=4, is roughly estimated as K.
Additional file 9 of Focal adhesion kinase inhibitor TAE226 combined with Sorafenib slows down hepatocellular carcinoma by multiple epigenetic effects
Creators: name: Romito, Ilaria
name: Porru, Manuela
name: Braghini, Maria Rita
name: Pompili, Luca
name: Panera, Nadia
name: Crudele, Annalisa
name: Gnani, Daniela
name: De Stefanis, Cristiano
name: Scarsella, Marco
name: Pomella, Silvia
name: Levi Mortera, Stefano
name: de Billy, Emmanuel
name: Conti, Adrian Libenzio
name: Marzano, Valeria
name: Putignani, Lorenza
name: Vinciguerra, Manlio
name: Balsano, Clara
name: Pastore, Anna
name: Rota, Rossella
name: Tartaglia, Marco
name: Leonetti, Carlo
name: Alisi, Anna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 9: Figure S4. Pilot study for quantitative setting of TAE226 concentration in a heterotopic HepG2 xenograft model of HCC. (A) Quantitative analysis of tumour weight at various time points in NT animals or after TAE226 treatments. P values were calculated at day 12 using an unpaired two-tailed t-test, between treated and untreated tumours. **** p<0.0001. (B) Quantitative analysis of serum liver enzyme alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, expressed as U/L, in NT animals or after TAE226 treatments.
Crossover region between nodal and anti-nodal states at the Fermi level of optimally and overdoped Bi$_{2}$Sr$_{1.6}$Nd$_{0.4}$CuO$_{6+δ}$
Creators: name: Garcia, D. R.
name: Graf, J.
name: Jozwiak, C.
name: Hwang, C. G.
name: Eisaki, H.
name: Lanzara, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied Bi$_{2}$Sr$_{1.6}$Nd$_{0.4}$CuO$_{6+δ}$ using Angle Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy in the optimal and overdoped regions of the phase diagram. We identify a narrow crossover region in the electronic structure between the nodal and antinodal regions associated with the deviation from a pure d-wave gap function, an abrupt increase of the quasiparticle lifetime, the formation of Fermi arcs above T$_c$, and a sudden shift of the bosonic mode energy from higher energy, $\sim${60meV}, near the nodal direction, to lower energy, $\sim${20meV}, near the antinodal direction. Our work underscores the importance of a unique crossover region in the momentum space near E$_F$ for the single layered cuprates, between the nodal and antinodal points, that is independent of the antiferromagnetic zone boundary.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, Accepted for publication in Physical Review B
Determination of microparameters for discrete element modelling of granular materials with varying particle size using one-dimensional compression testing
Creators: name: Mei, Chen-Jung Judy
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: A research program was undertaken to study the effect of particle size on the mechanical response of granular materials, with particular emphasis on supporting the study of the effect of backfill particle size on the soil-pipe interaction of buried pipelines. In this regard, laboratory one-dimensional compression tests of different-sized glass beads and crushed granite were conducted. One-dimensional compression tests on glass beads were simulated in a numerically equivalent discrete element model (DEM), in order to identify suitable DEM particle stiffness microparameters able to reproduce the corresponding laboratory results. Effects of particle size on bulk material behavior were first studied through the analysis of experimental one-dimensional compression test results of both glass beads and crushed granite. Axial stress-strain response of both materials revealed that an increase in particle size of a granular material matrix increased the stiffness of the overall granular matrix. Results also revealed that smaller particles resulted in higher side wall friction values than larger particles of the same material type. The dependence of constrained modulus and shear modulus on effective confining stress determined experimentally from all laboratory tests were in general agreement with relationships previously proposed by other researchers. Numerical simulations of the laboratory specimens were conducted using DEM; i.e. the numerical models were calibrated against experimental results obtained from one-dimensional compression tests of different-sized glass beads to determine suitable particle stiffness microparameters for granular materials of differing particle sizes. The findings indicated that the numerical value of particle stiffness microparameters increased with increasing particle size. In agreement with the experimental results, DEM results also showed that an increase in particle size resulted in increased stiffness of the overall granular matrix under one-dimensional compression. Through evaluation of numerical results, it was proposed that a preliminary relationship between “average” constrained modulus and particle stiffness could be established. Results indicate that DEM simulations of one-dimensional compression tests can be successfully used to calibrate DEM particle stiffness microparameters. The findings suggest that particle stiffness microparameters should be carefully selected for DEM simulations of granular materials of different-sized particles and, in turn, be utilized in quantitative analysis of geotechnical engineering problems.
Robust zero-averaged wave-number gap inside gapped graphene superlattices
Creators: name: Wang, Li-Gang
name: Chen, Xi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, the electronic band structures and its transport properties in the gapped graphene superlattices, with one-dimensional (1D) periodic potentials of square barriers, are systematically investigated. It is found that a zero averaged wave-number (zero-$\overline{k}$ ) gap is formed inside the gapped graphene-based superlattices, and the condition for obtaining such a zero-$\overline{k}$ gap is analytically presented. The properties of this zero-$\overline{k}$ gap including its transmission, conductance and Fano factor are studied in detail. Finally it is revealed that the properties of the electronic transmission, conductance and Fano factor near the zero-$\overline{k}$ gap are very insensitive to the structural disorder for the finite graphene-based periodic-barrier systems.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
Electromagnetic properties of medium-mass nuclei from coupled-cluster theory
Creators: name: Miorelli, Mirko
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Electromagnetic probes represent a fundamental tool to study nuclear structure and dynamics. The perturbative nature of the electromagnetic interaction allows for a clean connection between calculated nuclear structure properties and measured cross sections. Ab initio methods have long represented the gold standard for calculations of nuclear structure observables in light nuclei. Thanks to recent developments in the scientific community, ab initio calculations have finally reached the medium- and heavy-mass region of the nuclear chart. However, the challenges modern nuclear structure calculations face are multiple, ranging from the construction of nuclear forces from chiral effective field theory (χEFT) and the solution of the highly correlated quantum many-body problem, to a quantitative description of observables with solid treatment of uncertainties. The work presented in this thesis aims to contribute addressing some of these challenges, using the ab initio coupled-cluster (CC) theory formulation of the Lorentz integral transform (LIT) method. We combine the CC and LIT methods for the computation of electromagnetic inelastic reactions into the continuum. We show that the bound-state-like equation characterizing the LIT method can be reformulated based on extensions of the coupled-cluster equation-of-motion (EOM) method, and we discuss strategies for viable numerical solutions. We then focus on the calculation of the electric dipole polarizability (α_D), which quantifies the low-energy behaviour of the dipole strength and is related to critical observables such as the radii of the proton and neutron distributions. Using a variety of chiral interactions, and singles and doubles excitations, we study ⁴He, ¹⁶ ²²O and ⁴⁰ ⁴⁸Ca. Exploiting correlations between α_D and the charge radius, we predict the neutron-skin radius and the polarizability for the double-magic ⁴⁸Ca, the latter recently measured by the Osaka-Darmstadt collaboration. Finally, we study the impact of triples excitations on the dipole strength in ⁴He and ¹⁶O.