cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
To serve and protect, but who? How the organizational structure of law enforcement in America shapes the safety of the police and the public
Creators: name: Chillar, Vijay F.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2022

description: Following the “second great awakening” of police reform and concurrent sentiment of a “war on cops”, American police organizations are increasingly asked to respond to seemingly opposed goals of public safety. On the one hand, officers have a sworn duty to serve and protect the public, while on the other hand, they must also protect themselves from the public who are a source of danger to members of law enforcement. In three interrelated essays I describe the organization of law enforcement at the municipal level across measures of context, complexity, and control at varying levels of proposed structure in terms of items, concepts, and dimensions. In addition, I study potential cross-linkages between these institutional designs and concurrent indicators of fatal encounters and police victimization at the local level. To ground these assessments empirically, I combine three administrative and crowd-sourced databases: LEMAS, LEOKA, and the FE dataset. Using this information, I generate a cross-sectional sample of 879 municipal police agencies across the United States encompassing a wide array of organizational characteristics as well as reported incidents of fatal encounters and police victimization between 2013 and 2019. Findings suggest that agencies with a large administrative component and are more vertically differentiated experience fewer counts of fatal encounters and police victimizations. Among the contextual factors considered, – proportion of the population experiencing poverty, unemployment, the proportion of the population that identifies as Latino (ethnicity) or Non-Hispanic Black (race), operational budget per capita, and crime rate per 10,000 residents – those that are statistically significant for fatal encounters are not the same for police victimizations. For example, whereas the proportion of Latino residents is positively related to fatal encounters, it is not associated with police victimization. Furthermore, an increase in the proportion of Black residents decreases police victimization but is not associated with fatal encounters. Across both outcomes, crime rate is positively associated. Finally, spatial maps suggest that agencies with like organizational structure appear to cluster more often than agencies with a different organizational design. Overall, findings from this dissertation highlight the importance of organizational structure in understanding the variation in fatal encounters and police victimization.
Análisis multitemporal de la pérdida de la capacidad hídrica a causa de los cambios generados en los suelos usando imágenes Landsat: Estudio de caso Córdoba-Colombia entre los años 1985 y 2016
Creators: name: Martin-Vega, Daniela
name: J Pulido-Sáenz
name: Upegui, E
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017

description: Los usos no regulados de los suelos en Colombia son causantes de la pérdida de la capacidad hídrica que aqueja al país actualmente. Las cuencas media y alta del río San-Pedro, el cual abastece de recurso hídrico al Municipio de Puerto Libertador (Córdoba-Colombia), ha presentado diferentes dinámicas en sus usos y coberturas a través del tiempo, las cuales actualmente no han sido cuantificadas. Para cuantificar la afectación presente en la zona de estudio se aprovecharon las capacidades de los análisis de teledetección, hidrología y suelos. En estudio se centró en la obtención y evaluación de cada uno de los elementos de la Ecuación Universal de Pérdida del Suelo Revisada. Los resultados muestran preliminarmente que las prácticas de ganadería y agricultura serían la principal causa de la pérdida del suelo en la región. Los cauces del río San-Pedro y sus principales afluentes son los lugares más afectados por la erosión, lo que disminuye la oferta de recurso hídrico en la región.
Bridging necking and shear-banding mediated tensile failure in glasses
Creators: name: Richard, David
name: Lund, Ethen
name: Schroers, Jan
name: Bouchbinder, Eran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transition between necking-mediated tensile failure of glasses, at elevated temperatures and/or low strain-rates, and shear-banding-mediated tensile failure, at low temperatures and/or high strain-rates, is investigated using tensile experiments on metallic glasses and atomistic simulations. We experimentally and simulationally show that this transition occurs through a sequence of macroscopic failure patterns, parametrized by the ultimate tensile strength. Quantitatively analyzing the spatiotemporal dynamics preceding failure, using large scale atomistic simulations corroborated by experimental fractography, reveals how the collective evolution and mutual interaction of shear-driven plasticity and dilation-driven void formation (cavitation) control the various macroscopic failure modes. In particular, we find that at global failure, the size of the largest cavity in the loading direction exhibits a nonmonotonic dependence on the temperature at a fixed strain rate, which is rationalized in terms of the interplay between shear- and dilation-driven plasticity. We also find that the size of the largest cavity scales with the cross-sectional area of the undeformed sample. These results shed light on tensile failure of glasses, and highlight the need to develop elasto-plastic constitutive models of glasses incorporating both shear- and dilation-driven irreversible processes.
Alcohol consumption during adults’ drinking occasions: using decision tree modelling to identify predictive contextual characteristics and their potential interactions
Creators: name: Stevely, Abigail
name: Holmes, John
name: Meier, Petra
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Public Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: The contexts of drinking events – such as the locations, timing, and participants – influence levels of alcohol consumption. Research in this area tends to focus on a small number of contextual characteristics and overlook their interconnections. We conceptualise drinking occasions as practices – routinized types of human activity consisting of connected elements. For example, ‘going out with friends’ involves drinking with a group of friends in licensed premises at the weekend. This study will identify which contextual characteristics are the strongest predictors of alcohol consumption within drinking occasions (and should therefore be included in future analyses) and explore potential interactions between these. We will also test whether considering interactions between contexts improves the prediction of alcohol consumption.
title: Working Papers Contested Order, Vol 1 (2010)
Creators: name: Working Papers Contested Order
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2013

description: Das Portal eAQUA – Neue Methoden in der geisteswissenschaftlichen Forschung I
description: Titel
 Neue Methoden der geisteswissenschaftlichen Forschung – Eine Einführung in das Portal eAQUA...4-9
 Text Mining with the Atthidographers...10-25
 Das automatische Auffinden der indirekten Überlieferung des Platonischen Timaios und die Bedeutung des Tools „CitationGraph“ für die Forschung...26-41
 Zitationsprofile, Suchstrategien und Forschungsrichtungen...42-55
 Das Wissensnetz der Frühen Neuzeit. Von der virtuellen Bibliothek zur virtuellen Enzyklopädie...56-70
 Das Konzept des „einfachen Lebens“ in der Antike: Ein Beispiel für die Anwendung von Textmining-Verfahren in der Geschichtswissenschaft...71-90
 Die Möglichkeiten der automatischen Textergänzung auf Papyri...91-100
 Elektronische Analyse der plautinischen Sprechverse: Ein Werkstattbericht...101-107
 Impressum
 Content
 eAQUA Working Paper Series
 Quellenangabe
description: New Methods in the Humanities – The Portal eAQUA...4-9
 The automatic detection of the indirect tradition of Plato's Timaeus and the importance of the tool ‘CitationGraph’ for research...26-41
 Citation profiles, search strategies and research directions...42-55
 The Knowledge Map of the Early Modern Period. From a Virtual Library to a Virtual Encyclopedia...56-70
 Applying Textmining Methods in the Humanities: the Concept of Simple Life in Antiquity...71-90
 Electronic Analysis of Plautine Verse: Results and Perspectives...101-107
title: Die Möglichkeiten der automatischen Textergänzung auf Papyri
Creators: name: Rücker, Michaela
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2013

description: This paper provides an overview of the current work status of the eAQUA subproject for Papyrology. The text divides into three sections, corresponding to the originally target of the subproject: the classification of papyri, the textcompletion and the identification of unknown literary fragments. Presented in more detail is particularly the tool to the textcompletion. The user will be made familiar with the various procedures and the different ways in terms of search strategies. Text-Mining can be of great help here, since it puts together the pieces and finds parallel texts. Many documentary papyri and inscriptions share certain formulas, structures of the text, and keywords, which reveal them as typical public records. Therefore, on the basis of known parallels, they can be completed.
On genus expansion of superpolynomials
Creators: name: Mironov, A.
name: Morozov, A.
name: Sleptsov, A.
name: Smirnov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently it was shown that the (Ooguri-Vafa) generating function of HOMFLY polynomials is the Hurwitz partition function, i.e. that the dependence of the HOMFLY polynomials on representation R is naturally captured by symmetric group characters (cut-and-join eigenvalues). The genus expansion and expansion through Vassiliev invariants explicitly demonstrate this phenomenon. In the present letter we claim that the superpolynomials are not functions of such a type: symmetric group characters do not provide an adequate linear basis for their expansions. Deformation to superpolynomials is, however, straightforward in the multiplicative basis: the Casimir operators are β-deformed to Hamiltonians of the Calogero-Moser-Sutherland system. Applying this trick to the genus and Vassiliev expansions, we observe that the deformation is fully straightforward only for the thin knots. Beyond the family of thin knots additional algebraically independent terms appear in the Vassiliev and genus expansions. This can suggest that the superpolynomials do in fact contain more information about knots than the colored HOMFLY and Kauffman polynomials. However, even for the thin knots the beta-deformation is non-innocent: already in the simplest examples it seems inconsistent with the postivity of colored superpolynomials in non-(anti)symmetric representations, which also happens in I.Cherednik's (DAHA-based) approach to the torus knots.
description: 17 pages
Science and comics: from popularization to the discipline of Comics Studies
Creators: name: Hudoshnyk, Oksana
name: Krupskyi, Oleksandr
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Fine arts
Creative writing (incl. scriptwriting)
Professional writing and journalism practice
Specialist studies in education not elsewhere classified
Other history, heritage and archaeology not elsewhere classified
Communication studies
Communication technology and digital media studies
Communication and media studies not elsewhere classified
Organisational, interpersonal and intercultural communication
Consumption and everyday life
Cultural and creative industries

description: Modern scientific communication traditionally uses visual narratives, such as comics, for education, presentation of scientific achievements to a mass audience, and as an object of research. The article offers a three-level characterization of the interaction of comic culture and science in a diachronic aspect. Attention is focused not only on the chronological stages of these intersections, the expression of the specifics of the interaction is offered against the background of scientific and public discussions that accompany the comics–science dialogue to this day. Within the framework of the first stage (the appearance and distribution of popular science and educational comics), the characteristics of comics content necessary for the different genesis are highlighted: documentary storytelling, educational practices of learning through drawing, active cooperation with well-known companies and institutions, informativeness, and empathic involvement of the young reader in a heroic-romantic narrative of scientific discoveries and mastering nature. With the intensification of interdisciplinary approaches (the second stage), comics are increasingly involved in presenting scientific results within the most diverse fields. Comics-based research is becoming an interdisciplinary method and a widespread practical area with the corresponding formation of scientific tools (applied comics, data comics), forms of interdisciplinary interaction (graphic medicine, ethnography, narrative geography, urban comics, comics journalism, etc.), and scientific publications (“The Comics Grid: Journal of Comics Scholarship”, “Sequentials”). The national format of comics-based research is presented on the example of Ukrainian comics projects (historical, feminist comics). In the genesis of development, Comics Studies have gone from a field of research to disciplinary definitions. In creating the metadiscourse of the scientific direction (the third stage), the authors focused on scientific discussions, forming academic directions and approaches, and markers of disciplinary self-identification. Emphasis is placed on the unique phenomenon of the simultaneous concordance of various stages of the dialogue between comics and science, on the prolonged replication of successful inventions into modern experience, and the active testing of known narratives at new levels of a scientific presentation.
Stellar Distributions Around a Supermassive Black Hole: Strong Segregation Regime Revisited
Creators: name: Linial, Itai
name: Sari, Re'em
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new analytical solution to the steady-state distribution of stars close to a central supermassive black hole of mass $M_{\bullet}$ in the center of a galaxy. Assuming a continuous mass function of the form $dN/dm \propto m^γ$, stars with a specific orbital energy $x = GM_{\bullet}/r - v^2/2$ are scattered primarily by stars of mass $m_{\rm d}(x) \propto x^{-5/(4γ+10)}$ that dominate the scattering of both lighter and heavier species at that energy. Stars of mass $m_{\rm d}(x)$ are exponentially rare at energies lower than $x$, and follow a density profile $n(x') \propto x'^{3/2}$ at energies $x' \gg x$. Our solution predicts a negligible flow of stars through energy space for all mass species, similarly to the conclusions of Bahcall & Wolf (1977), but in contrast to the assumptions of Alexander & Hopman (2009). This is the first analytic solution which smoothly transitions between regimes where different stellar masses dominate the scattering.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure. Submitted to ApJ
title: Working Papers Contested Order/ eAQUA Working Papers, Vol 7 (2012):
Creators: name: Working Papers Contested Order/ EAQUA Working Papers
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2013

description: Das Portal eAQUA – Neue Methoden in der geisteswissenschaftlichen Forschung III
description: Titel
 Impressum
 Content
 Zitate und Fragmente: Plutarch in eAQUA: I Einleitung...1-2
 II Zitate und Fragmente: Die kulturelle Praxis des Zitierens im Zeitalter der Digitalisierung...3-30
 IV Plutarchs Zitierweise in De malignitate Herodoti...49-51
 III Plutarchs Zitierweise in den Viten der griechischen Politiker des 5. Jahrhunderts aus der Projektarbeit mit eAQUA: Arbeitsweise, Fehleranalyse und Ergebnisse...31-35
 V Tabellen: Editionsvergleiche und Auswertung...I-CCXLI
 VI Autorentabelle...CCXLII-CCLV
 eAQUA Working Paper Series
 Quellenangabe
 III.1 Untersuchungen mit dem Citationsgraphen von eAQUA zur Themistoklesvita des Plutarch...36-37
 III.2 Untersuchungen mit dem Citationsgraphen von eAQUA zur Aristeidesvita des Plutarch...38-39
 III.3 Untersuchungen mit dem Citationsgraphen von eAQUA zur Kimonvita des Plutarch...40-41
 III.4 Untersuchungen mit dem Citationsgraphen von eAQUA zur Periklesvita des Plutarch...42-44
 III.5 Untersuchungen mit dem Citationsgraphen von eAQUA zu Plutarchs Alkibiadesvita...45-48
 Auswertung Themistoklesvita...I-II
 Auswertung Aristeidesvita...III-V
 Auswertung Periklesvita...V-VIII
 Auswertung Alkibiadesvita...IX-XV
 Auswertung De malignitate Herodoti...XVI-IX
 Editionsvergleich Themistoklesvita...XX-XLIV
 Editionsvergleich Aristeidesvita...L-LXVI
 Editionsvergleich und Auswertung Kimonvita...LXVII-LXXXII
 Editionsvergleich Periklesvita...LXXXIII-CXXVIII
 Editionsvergleich Alkibiadesvita...CXXIX-CCXXXII
 Herodotzitate in Plutarchs De malignitate Herodoti aus eAQUA...CCXXXIII-CCXLI
description: Citations and Fragments: Plutarch in eAQUA...1-2
 II Citations and Fragments: The Cultural Practice of Quoting in a Digital Age...3-30
Dimensional reduction of the Dirac equation in arbitrary spatial dimensions
Creators: name: Lonigro, Davide
name: Maggi, Rocco
name: Angelone, Giuliano
name: Ercolessi, Elisa
name: Facchi, Paolo
name: Marmo, Giuseppe
name: Pascazio, Saverio
name: Pepe, Francesco V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the general properties of the dimensional reduction of the Dirac theory, formulated in a Minkowski spacetime with an arbitrary number of spatial dimensions. This is done by applying Hadamard's method of descent, which consists in conceiving low-dimensional theories as a specialization of high-dimensional ones that are uniform along the additional space coordinate. We show that the Dirac equation reduces to either a single Dirac equation or two decoupled Dirac equations, depending on whether the higher-dimensional manifold has even or odd spatial dimensions, respectively. Furthermore, we construct and discuss an explicit hierarchy of representations in which this procedure becomes manifest and can easily be iterated.
description: 22 pages, several figures
Convergence of Time-Inhomogeneous Random Walks on Finite Groups with Applications to Universality for Random Groups
Creators: name: Gorokhovsky, Elia
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Probability
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: group theory
subject: random walks
subject: random matrices

description: We study time-inhomogeneous random walks on finite groups in the case where each random walk step need not be supported on a generating set of the group. When the supports of the random walk steps satisfy a natural condition involving normal subgroups of quotients of the group, we show that the random walk converges to the uniform distribution on the group, and give bounds for the convergence rate using spectral properties of the random walk steps. As applications, we prove a general universality theorem for quotients of the free group on n generators as n → ∞, and another universality theorem for cokernels of random integer matrices with dependent entries.
title: The Glasgow Infant Feeding Action Research Project: An evaluation of a community based intervention designed to increase the prevalence of breastfeeding in socially disadvantaged urban area
Creators: name: McInnes, Rhona J.
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 1998

description: In many parts of Scotland, breastfeeding is relatively uncommon and attempts to increase its prevalence appear to have had little success. Despite the clear evidence of the risks associated with bottle-feeding it has proved difficult to persuade mothers to change their behaviour in favour of breastfeeding. There are a number of factors associated with intention to breastfeed and with initiating and continuing breastfeeding. Among these factors are certain socio-demographic characteristics, maternal characteristics and the influences of health professionals and the social and peer group. Breastfeeding is inversely related to poverty, and children from poorer communities are disproportionately higher users of medical services. The proven health benefits of breastfeeding suggest that increasing breastfeeding is one of the most effective measures for improving health in disadvantaged communities. The aim of this study was to plan, implement and evaluate an innovative community-based intervention designed to increase the prevalence and duration of breastfeeding in a socioeconomically disadvantaged community. It was postulated that, since breastfeeding was influenced by the peer group and by positive role models, a community based system of peer support would be likely to have an impact on breastfeeding behaviour. Although the impact of this study on breastfeeding prevalence was relatively limited it did show a consistently positive trend in favour of breastfeeding in the intervention area, especially when socio-economic differences between the groups were taken into consideration. However, no differences in overall breastfeeding prevalence rates were demonstrated at six weeks whichever method of data analysis was employed. Women who stated an antenatal intention to breastfeed were assisted to achieve this and a few mothers who had not intended to breastfeed did so successfully. The intervention appeared to be acceptable to health professionals and mothers. It is possible that an intervention lasting longer than two years might have a greater impact on breastfeeding prevalence. Conclusion Despite the lack of impact of the intervention at six weeks, a positive trend in breastfeeding in the intervention group study suggests that peer support is a promising strategy for the promotion of breastfeeding in disadvantaged areas.
Optimal Narain CFTs from Codes
Creators: name: Angelinos, Nikolaos
name: Chakraborty, Debarghya
name: Dymarsky, Anatoly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently established connection between additive codes and Narain CFTs provides a new tool to construct theories with special properties and solve modular bootstrap constraints by reducing them to algebraic identities. We generalize previous constructions to include many new theories, in particular we show that all known optimal Narain theories, i.e. those maximizing the value of spectral gap, can be constructed from codes. For asymptotically large central charge $c$ we show there are code theories with the spectral gap growing linearly with $c$, with the coefficient saturating the conjectural upper bound. We therefore conjecture that optimal Narain theories for any value of $c$ can be obtained from codes.
Dynamic inventory control with fixed setup costs and unknown discrete demand distribution
Creators: name: Davoodi, Mehdi
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2022

description: We study a dynamic inventory control problem involving fixed setup costs and random demand distributions. With an infinite planning horizon, model primitives including costs and distributions are set to be stationary. Under a given demand distribution, an (s,S) policy has been known to minimize the long-run per-period average cost. Out of the need to model situations involving new products or unencountered economic conditions, however, we depart from the traditional model by allowing the stationary demand distribution to be largely unknown, to the effect that it could be anywhere in a given ambiguity set. Our goal is to rein in the long-run growth of the regret resulting from applying a policy that strives to learn the underlying demand while simultaneously meting out ordering decisions based on its learning. We propose a policy that controls the pace at which a traditional (s,S)- computing algorithm is applied to the empirical distribution of the demand learned over time. The regret incurred from the policy has a bound of O(T 1/2 · (ln T )1/2).
A cosmological model describing the early inflation, the intermediate decelerating expansion, and the late accelerating expansion by a quadratic equation of state
Creators: name: Chavanis, Pierre-Henri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a cosmological model based on a quadratic equation of state p/c^2=-(α+1){ρ^2}/{ρ_P}+αρ-(α+1)ρ_Λ (where ρ_P is the Planck density and ρ_Λ the cosmological density) "unifying" vacuum energy and dark energy in the spirit of a generalized Chaplygin gas model. For $ρ\rightarrow ρ_P$, it reduces to p=-ρc^2 leading to a phase of early accelerated expansion (early inflation) with a constant density equal to the Planck density ρ_P (vacuum energy). For $ρ_Λ\llρ\ll ρ_P$, we recover the standard linear equation of state p=αρc^2 describing radiation (α=1/3) or pressureless matter (α=0) and leading to an intermediate phase of decelerating expansion. For $ρ\rightarrow ρ_Λ$, we get p=-ρc^2 leading to a phase of late accelerated expansion (late inflation) with a constant density equal to the cosmological density ρ_Λ (dark energy). We show a nice symmetry between the early universe (vacuum energy + α-fluid) and the late universe (α-fluid + dark energy). In our model, they are described by two polytropic equations of state with index n=+1 and n=-1 respectively. Furthermore, the Planck density ρ_P in the early universe plays a role similar to the cosmological density ρ_Λ in the late universe. They represent fundamental upper and lower density bounds differing by 122 orders of magnitude. This quadratic equation of state leads to a fully analytical model describing the evolution of the universe from the early inflation (Planck era) to the late accelerated expansion (de Sitter era). These two phases are bridged by a decelerating algebraic expansion (α-era). This model does not present any singularity at t=0 and exists eternally in the past. It admits a scalar field interpretation based on a quintessence field or a tachyon field.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1208.0801
Differential elimination by differential specialization of Sylvester style matrices
Creators: name: Rueda, Sonia L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 34G10, 34L99

description: Differential resultant formulas are defined, for a system $\mathcal{P}$ of $n$ ordinary Laurent differential polynomials in $n-1$ differential variables. These are determinants of coefficient matrices of an extended system of polynomials obtained from $\mathcal{P}$ through derivations and multiplications by Laurent monomials. To start, through derivations, a system $ps(\mathcal{P})$ of $L$ polynomials in $L-1$ algebraic variables is obtained, which is non sparse in the order of derivation. This enables the use of existing formulas for the computation of algebraic resultants, of the multivariate sparse algebraic polynomials in $ps(\mathcal{P})$, to obtain polynomials in the differential elimination ideal generated by $\mathcal{P}$. The formulas obtained are multiples of the sparse differential resultant defined by Li, Yuan and Gao, and provide order and degree bounds in terms of mixed volumes in the generic case.
Signed ego network model and its application to Twitter
Creators: name: Tacchi, Jack
name: Boldrini, Chiara
name: Passarella, Andrea
name: Conti, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Ego Network Model (ENM) describes how individuals organise their social relations in concentric circles (typically five) of decreasing intimacy, and it has been found almost ubiquitously in social networks, both offline and online. The ENM gauges the tie strength between peers in terms of interaction frequency, which is easy to measure and provides a good proxy for the time spent nurturing the relationship. However, advances in signed network analysis have shown that positive and negative relations play very different roles in network dynamics. For this reason, this work sets out to investigate the ENM when including signed relations. The main contributions of this paper are twofold: firstly, a novel method of signing relationships between individuals using sentiment analysis and, secondly, an investigation of the properties of Signed Ego Networks (Ego Networks with signed connections). Signed Ego Networks are then extracted for the users of eight different Twitter datasets composed of both specialised users (e.g. journalists) and generic users. We find that negative links are over-represented in the active part of the Ego Networks of all types of users, suggesting that Twitter users tend to engage regularly with negative connections. Further, we observe that negative relationships are overwhelmingly predominant in the Ego Network circles of specialised users, hinting at very polarised online interactions for this category of users. In addition, negative relationships are found disproportionately more at the more intimate levels of the ENM for journalists, while their percentages are stable across the circles of the other Twitter users
description: This work was partially funded by the H2020 SoBigData++ (Grant No 871042), H2020 HumaneAI-Net (Grant No 952026), and CHIST-ERA SAI (Grant No not yet available) projects
Advances Towards a Large-Area, Ultra-Low-Gas-Consumption RPC Detector
Creators: name: Saraiva, João
name: Alemparte, Carlos
name: Belver, Daniel
name: Blanco, Alberto
name: Callón, Juan
name: Collazo, Jose
name: Iglesias, Alfredo
name: Lopes, Luís
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large Resistive Plate Chamber systems have their roots in High Energy Physics experiments at the European Organization for Nuclear Research: ATLAS, CMS and ALICE, where hundreds of square meters of both trigger and timing RPCs have been deployed. These devices operate with complex gas systems, equipped with re-circulation and purification units, which require a fresh gas supply of the order of 6 cm$^{3}$/min/m$^{2}$, creating logistical, technical and financial problems. In this communication, we present a new concept in the construction of RPCs which allowed us to operate a detector at ultra-low gas flow regime. With this new approach, the glass stack is encapsulated in a tight plastic box made of polypropylene, which presents excellent water vapor blocking properties as well as a good protection against atmospheric gases.
description: submission of the proceedings for the 15th PISA conference PM2021
Evaluation of manufacturing process in low variety high volume industry with the coupling of cloud model theory and TOPSIS approach
Creators: name: Ahsan, Faaiz
name: Naseem, Afshan
name: Ahmad, Yasir
name: Sajjad, Zunaira
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) is one of the most commonly used techniques for identifying and minimizing potential failures in various products and process designs. The traditional FMEA approach has limitations due to generic rating scales and experts' number-based assessments, which might not produce the desired results. The current research uses a hybrid approach of coupling Cloud Model Theory (CMT) with hierarchical Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) to deal with uncertainty, including randomness and fuzziness in the identification of risks and failures in a cigarette manufacturing industry. The results show that this hybrid approach is more effective in classifying failures in the production process. The findings reveal that out of the three fundamental units of cigarette manufacturing machinery, most of the failures affecting the production of the cigarette manufacturing process belong to MAX, which supports filtration and inspection of filtered cigarettes. The study identifies salient problem areas that the managers must give special attention to enhance the production process's efficiency. The significance of the study lies in the identification of failure modes with rank order which the managers will find quite valuable for finally achieving the desired level of customer satisfaction and production efficiency.
title: An Iron Age rich shield from Dürrnberg near Hallein, Land Salzburg
Creators: name: Egg, Markus
name: Goedecker-Ciolek, Roswitha
name: Schönfelder, Martin
name: Zeller, Kurt W.
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Ein eisenzeitlicher Prunkschild vom Dürrnberg bei Hallein, Land Salzburg
In dem antik gestörten Grab 373 vom Eislfeld am Dürrnberg bei Hallein kamen neben einem Bronzekessel, einer Beckentasse und drei Eisenlanzenspitzen sowie einer goldverzierten Fußzierfibel die Überreste eines mit dünnem Eisenblech verkleideten Holzschildes zum Vorschein, der annähernd senkrecht an der Kammer - wand angelehnt bzw. an dieselbe gehängt worden war. Der Schild wurde aus zwei, wohl miteinander verklebten
Schichten Erlenholz hergestellt. Die Maserung der beiden Schichten verlief gegensätzlich, was die Stabilität des Stückes erhöhte. Die Mitte des Schildes nahm ein spindelförmiger Holzbuckel ein. Die eisernen Randbeschläge geben zu erkennen, dass der Schild keine ovale Form, sondern eher die einer Tierhaut besaß. Ihn zieren eigenwillig wirkende Eisenblechbeschläge mit feinen Ornamenten im Stil der frühesten Latènekunst. Ein Vergleich ergab, dass der Schild weitgehend einer Darstellung auf dem Steinrelief von Bormio in der Lombardei entspricht.
description: In grave 373 of the Eislfeld at the Dürrnberg near Hallein, which was robbed in antiquity, there appeared next to a bronze cauldron, a high-handled cup and three iron lance-heads, as well as a gold decorated fibula with terminal knob, the remains of a wooden shield covered with thin iron sheeting. This stood almost vertically against the chamber’s wall or even hung on it. The shield was made from two layers of alder-wood stuck together. The grain of both layers ran at right angles to one another, thus increasing the stability of the piece. In the middle of the shield was a wooden boss in the form of a spindle. The iron rim-fittings suggest that the shield was not oval in shape, but resembled that of an animal’s hide. This is decorated with peculiar fittings of iron sheeting with fine adornments in the style of the earliest La Tène art. A comparison revealed that the shield corresponds largely with a representation on the stone relief of Bormio in Lombardy.
Thermal counterflow in a periodic channel with solid boundaries
Creators: name: Baggaley, Andrew W.
name: Laurie, Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform numerical simulations of finite temperature quantum turbulence produced through thermal counterflow in superfluid $^4$He, using the vortex filament model. We investigate the effects of solid boundaries along one of the Cartesian directions, assuming a laminar normal fluid with a Poiseuille velocity profile, whilst varying the temperature and the normal fluid velocity. We analyze the distribution of the quantized vortices, reconnection rates and quantized-vorticity production as a function of the wall-normal direction. We find that the quantized vortex lines tend to concentrate close to the solid boundaries with their position depending only on temperature and not on the counterflow velocity. We offer an explanation of this phenomenon by considering the balance of two competing effects, namely the rate of turbulent diffusion of an isotropic tangle near the boundaries and the rate of quantized-vorticity production at the centre. Moreover, this yields the observed scaling of the position of the peak vortex line density with the mutual friction parameter. Finally we provide evidence that upon the transition from laminar to turbulent normal fluid flow, there is a dramatic increase in the homogeneity of the tangle, which could be used as an indirect measure of the transition to turbulence in the normal fluid component for experiments.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures
title: Rural settlements in the Dacian provinces (AD 106-275). Archaeological contributions to the history of the village and agriculture during the Roman period
Creators: name: Gudea, Nicolae
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Siedlungen und Gutshöfe im ländlichen Milieu der dakischen Provinzen waren zahlreich und auf dem gesamten Territorium verbreitet. Die Hausformen waren typisch für römische Provinzen, die Haustypen charakteristisch für das Römische Reich. Die Siedlungen waren kleiner oder größer und wahrscheinlich vom Geländerelief, der finanziellen Situation des Orts und der Nähe zu Verkehrsanbindungen und Absatzmärkten abhängig. Das archäologische Material in allen erforschten Siedlungen auf dem Land weist auf eine radikale Veränderung der Lebensweise, Bautechniken, Architektur, Produktionsweisen, Kleidung und des Schmucks hin: Die römische materielle Kultur hatte endgültig an Boden gewonnen. Der radikale, tief gehende Wandel der Lebensart erklärt auch Veränderungen im geistigen Leben (vor allem in Bezug auf Bestattungsriten und -rituale), aber auch innerhalb der Religion und besonders in ihrer Weiterentwicklung.
All diese Veränderungen belegen, dass die ländlichen Siedlungen eine Romanisierung durchliefen, die von ihrer Entfernung zu großen Städten und Lagern, von den landschaftlichen Begebenheiten, von der finanziellen
Situation des Ortes und von den Investitionen abhängig war. Eine so tief gehende Romanisierung auf einem Territorium wie Dakien hätte nicht verwirklicht werden können, wenn das römische Leben mit all seinen Aspekten nicht vor allem das Dorf erobert hätte.
description: Settlements and farms in the rural setting of the Dacian provinces were distributed in large numbers and over the whole territory. The house shapes were typical for Roman provinces, the house types characteristic
of the Roman Empire. The settlements were smaller or larger and probably dependent upon the form of landscape, the financial situation of the place and the proximity to traffic routes and to markets. The archaeological material in all settlements investigated in the countryside points to a radical change in the way of life, construction techniques, architecture, productions methods, clothing and jewelry: Roman material culture had finally succeeded. The radical, fundamental change in the way of life also explains changes in spiritual life, especially with regard to burial rites and rituals, but also within religion and in particular in its further development. All these changes prove that the rural settlements experienced a romanization which was dependent upon the characteristics of the landscape, the economic situation of the place and investments. Such a thorough romanization in a territory like Dacia could not have occurred, if Roman life, in all its aspects, had not conquered the villages in particular.
Quantum oscillations in a centrosymmetric skyrmion-hosting magnet GdRu2Si2
Creators: name: Matsuyama, N.
name: Nomura, T.
name: Imajo, S.
name: Nomoto, T.
name: Arita, R.
name: Sudo, K.
name: Kimata, M.
name: Khanh, N. D.
name: Takagi, R.
name: Tokura, Y.
name: Seki, S.
name: Kindo, K.
name: Kohama, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed magnetic torque and resistivity measurements on a centrosymmetric skyrmion-host GdRu2Si2, in which the dominant magnetic interaction leading to skyrmion formation is under debate. We observe both the de Haas-van Alphen and Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations in the forced ferromagnetic phase. The angular dependence of the quantum oscillation frequencies can be reproduced by the ab-initio calculation. The de Haas-van Alphen oscillation is also observed in the double-Q phase with a different frequency to that in the forced ferromagnetic phase, indicating a Fermi surface reconstruction due to the coupling between localized spins and conduction electrons. Based on these experimental findings, the magnetic interactions in this system are discussed.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
A semidefinite programming hierarchy for packing problems in discrete geometry
Creators: name: de Laat, David
name: Vallentin, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 90C22, 52C17

description: Packing problems in discrete geometry can be modeled as finding independent sets in infinite graphs where one is interested in independent sets which are as large as possible. For finite graphs one popular way to compute upper bounds for the maximal size of an independent set is to use Lasserre's semidefinite programming hierarchy. We generalize this approach to infinite graphs. For this we introduce topological packing graphs as an abstraction for infinite graphs coming from packing problems in discrete geometry. We show that our hierarchy converges to the independence number.
description: (v3) 25 pages, this revision fixes a problem in the proof of Lemma 5
K pi scattering and the K* decay width from lattice QCD
Creators: name: Prelovsek, Sasa
name: Leskovec, Luka
name: Lang, C. B.
name: Mohler, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: K* mesons and in particular the K*(892) were frequently addressed in lattice simulations, but always while ignoring that the K*(892) decays strongly. We present an exploratory extraction of the masses and widths for the K* resonances by simulating K pi scattering in p-wave with I = 1/2 on the lattice. The K pi system with total momenta P = 2*pi/L e_z, 2*pi/L (e_x + e_y) and 0, that allows the extraction of phase shifts at several values of K pi relative momenta, is studied. A Breit-Wigner fit of the phase renders a K*(892) resonance mass m^{lat} = 891 +/- 14 MeV and the K*(892) -> K pi coupling g^{lat} = 5.7 +/- 1.6 compared to the experimental values m^{exp} = 892 MeV and g^{exp} = 5.72 +/- 0.06, where g parametrizes the K* -> K pi width. When extracting the phase shift around the K*(1410) and K2*(1430) resonances we take into account the mixing of p-wave with d-wave and assume that the scattering is elastic in our simulation. This gives us an estimate of the K*(1410) resonance mass m^{lat} = 1.33 +/- 0.02 GeV compared to m^{exp} = 1.414 +/- 0.0015 GeV assuming the experimental K*(1410) -> K pi coupling. We contrast the resonant I = 1/2 channel with the repulsive non-resonant I = 3/2 channel, where the phase is found to be negative and small, in agreement with experiment.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures: corrected typo in Fig. 3
title: Cast belt- and strap-fittings with Carolingian floral designs from Andalusia
Creators: name: Schulze-Dörrlamm, Mechthild
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: Mit einem Anhang von Sonngard Hartmann
description: The RGZM in Mainz possesses a collection of seven cast belt- and strapittings with floral designs of Andalusian origin which belong to menswear of the second half of the 9th or early 10th century. According
to their previous Spanish owners the objects seem to have come from the area of Sevilla, which then lay in the Emirate of Córdoba. The analysis of the individual finds concluded that the information about their origin is correct. These metal pieces are distinguished in shape and decoration by particular details indicating them as products of Andalusian bronze-casters. They cannot have been burial offerings, but only settlement finds and were presumably discovered during earth-moving work in the old craftsmen’s and traders’ quarter of Sevilla. The carriers of these accessories of typical »occidental-Christian« men’s clothing are unknown. They may probably be sought within the remaining Christian Visigoths of Andalusia. The smallfinds (of brass or a red brass alloy) were even probably produced in Sevilla, since among them was a lead mould(?) for producing casts. Whatever, they prove that metal objects with Carolingian floral decoration extended much further than was previously supposed.
Conformal geometrodynamics regained: gravity from duality
Creators: name: Gomes, Henrique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There exist several ways of constructing general relativity from `first principles': Einstein's original derivation, Lovelock's results concerning the exceptional nature of the Einstein tensor from a mathematical perspective, and Hojman-Kuchař-Teitelboim's derivation of the Hamiltonian form of the theory from the symmetries of spacetime, to name a few. Here I propose a different set of first principles to obtain general relativity in the canonical framework without presupposing spacetime in any way. I first require consistent propagation of scalar spatially covariant constraints. I find that up to a certain order in derivatives (four spatial and two temporal), there are large families of such consistently propagated constraints. Then I look for pairs of such constraints that can gauge-fix each other and form a theory with two dynamical degrees of freedom per \emph{space} point. This demand singles out the ADM Hamiltonian either in i) CMC gauge, with arbitrary (finite, non-zero) speed of light, and an extra term linear in York time, or ii) a gauge where the Hubble parameter is conformally harmonic.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure. Stronger results than previous version
title: Beiträge zu einer Semantik der künstlerischen Sprache - »Italienische Kunst« bei Wagenbach
Creators: name: Kroß, Matthias
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2014

description: kritische berichte - Zeitschrift für Kunst- und Kulturwissenschaften, Bd. 16, Nr. 4 (1988): kritische berichte, Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Ausgaben pro Band: 4
Prospective, Retrospective, and Formal Division: a contribution to philosophical arithmetic Item
Creators: name: Bergstra, Jan A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220299 History and Philosophy of Specific Fields not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion

description: Transmathematica archive. Please cite as:
 Bergstra, J. A. (2022). Prospective, Retrospective, and Formal Division:: a contribution to philosophical arithmetic. Transmathematica. https://doi.org/10.36285/tm.71