cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Perception Towards the Role of Higher Accounting and Finance Education in Meeting Industry Needs. the Case of Some Selected Institutions in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Teferi, Erko
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2015

description: This study examines perceptions of accounting and finance graduates whether accounting and finance graduates education sufficiently prepared them with various skills to meet the needs of the industry. Besides, the study examines employers' perception whether graduates skills meet the needs of industry. The study adopts mixed method approach in order to achieve the research objectives. Specifically, the techniques used in the study include survey with graduates and employers as well as in-depths interviews with graduates and employers. The results of the study showed that skills such as team work skill, interpersonal skills, computer skills, problem solving skills and communication skills are rated as most important for career success in accounting and finance jobs. However, graduates claimed that they were not equipped with skills such as computer skills, writing skills. Employers were also dissatisfied with graduates' skills like written communication skills (report writing and typing) and computer skills. Finally, the study forwards possible measures to be taken by universities and colleges to improve graduates' skills in order to fit with the needs of the industry
Singular Points and Singular Curves in von Kármán Elastic Surfaces
Creators: name: Pandey, Animesh
name: Gupta, Anurag
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mechanical fields over thin elastic surfaces can develop singularities at isolated points and curves in response to constrained deformations (e.g., crumpling and folding of paper), singular body forces and couples, distributions of isolated defects (e.g., dislocations and disclinations), and singular metric anomaly fields (e.g., growth and thermal strains). With such concerns as our motivation, we model thin elastic surfaces as von K{á}rm{á}n plates and generalize the classical von K{á}rm{á}n equations, which are restricted to smooth fields, to fields which are piecewise smooth, and can possibly concentrate at singular curves, in addition to being singular at isolated points. The inhomogeneous sources to the von K{á}rm{á}n equations, given in terms of plastic strains, defect induced incompatibility, and body forces, are likewise allowed to be singular at isolated points and curves in the domain. The generalized framework is used to discuss the singular nature of deformation and stress arising due to conical deformations, folds, and folds terminating at a singular point.
Nodal versus nodeless superconductivity in iso-electronic LiFeP and LiFeAs
Creators: name: Nourafkan, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nodal superconductivity is observed in LiFeP while its counterpart LiFeAs with similar topology and orbital content of the Fermi surfaces is a nodeless superconductor. We explain this difference by solving, in the two-Fe Brillouin zone, the frequency-dependent Eliashberg equations with spin-fluctuation mediated pairing interaction. Because of Fermi surface topology details, in LiFeAs all the Fe-$t_{2g}$ orbitals favor a common pairing symmetry. By contrast, in LiFeP the $d_{xy}$ orbital favors a pairing symmetry different from $d_{xz/yz}$ and their competition determines the pairing symmetry and the strength of the superconducting instability: $d_{xy}$ orbital strongly overcomes the others and imposes the symmetry of the superconducting order parameter. The leading pairing channel is a $d_{xy}$-type state with nodes on both hole and electron Fermi surfaces. As a consequence, the $d_{xz/yz}$ electrons weakly pair leading to a reduced transition temperature in LiFeP.
Probing ultrafast ππ*/nπ* internal conversion in organic chromophores via K-edge resonant absorption
Creators: name: Wolf, T. J. A.
name: Myhre, R. H.
name: Cryan, J. P.
name: Coriani, S.
name: Squibb, R. J.
name: Battistoni, A.
name: Berrah, N.
name: Bostedt, C.
name: Bucksbaum, P.
name: Coslovich, G.
name: Feifel, R.
name: Gaffney, K. J.
name: Grilj, J.
name: Martinez, T. J.
name: Miyabe, S.
name: Moeller, S. P.
name: Mucke, M.
name: Natan, A.
name: Obaid, R.
name: Osipov, T.
name: Plekan, O.
name: Wang, S.
name: Koch, H.
name: Gühr, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Organic chromophores with heteroatoms possess an important excited state relaxation channel from an optically allowed ππ* to a dark nπ*state. We exploit the element and site specificity of soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy to selectively follow the electronic change during the ππ*/nπ* internal conversion. As a hole forms in the n orbital during ππ*/nπ* internal conversion, the near edge x-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectrum at the heteroatom K-edge exhibits an additional resonance. We demonstrate the concept with the nucleobase thymine, a prototypical heteroatomic chromophore. With the help of time resolved NEXAFS spectroscopy at the oxygen K-edge, we unambiguously show that ππ*/nπ* internal conversion takes place within (60 \pm 30) fs. High-level coupled cluster calculations on the isolated molecules used in the experiment confirm the superb electronic structure sensitivity of this new method for excited state investigations.
Fermi two-atom problem: non-perturbative approach via relativistic quantum information and algebraic quantum field theory
Creators: name: Tjoa, Erickson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we revisit the famous Fermi two-atom problem, which concerns how relativistic causality impacts atomic transition probabilities, using the tools from relativistic quantum information (RQI) and algebraic quantum field theory (AQFT). The problem has sparked different analyses from many directions and angles since the proposed solution by Buchholz and Yngvason (1994). Some of these analyses employ various approximations, heuristics, perturbative methods, which tends to render some of the otherwise useful insights somewhat obscured. It is also noted that they are all studied in flat spacetime. We show that current tools in relativistic quantum information, combined with algebraic approach to quantum field theory, are now powerful enough to provide fuller and cleaner analysis of the Fermi two-atom problem for arbitrary curved spacetimes in a completely non-perturbative manner. Our result gives the original solution of Buchholz and Yngvason a very operational reinterpretation in terms of qubits interacting with a quantum field, and allows for various natural generalizations and inclusion of detector-based local measurement for the quantum field (Phys. Rev. D 105, 065003).
description: 13 pages, RevTeX4-2; v4: updated to match published version
An Unbiased CO Survey Toward the Northern Region of the Small Magellanic Cloud with the Atacama Compact Array. II. CO Cloud Catalog
Creators: name: Ohno, Takahiro
name: Tokuda, Kazuki
name: Konishi, Ayu
name: Matsumoto, Takeru
name: Sewiło, Marta
name: Kondo, Hiroshi
name: Sano, Hidetoshi
name: Tsuge, Kisetsu
name: Zahorecz, Sarolta
name: Goto, Nao
name: Neelamkodan, Naslim
name: Wong, Tony
name: Fukushima, Hajime
name: Takekoshi, Tatsuya
name: Muraoka, Kazuyuki
name: Kawamura, Akiko
name: Tachihara, Kengo
name: Fukui, Yasuo
name: Onishi, Toshikazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of molecular clouds and their statistical behavior in subsolar metallicity environments are not fully explored yet. We analyzed data from an unbiased CO($J$ = 2-1) survey at the spatial resolution of ~2 pc in the northern region of the Small Magellanic Cloud with the Atacama Compact Array to characterize the CO cloud properties. A cloud-decomposition analysis identified 426 spatially/velocity-independent CO clouds and their substructures. Based on the cross-matching with known infrared catalogs by Spitzer and Herschel, more than 90% CO clouds show spatial correlations with point sources. We investigated the basic properties of the CO clouds and found that the radius--velocity linewidth ($R$-$σ_{v}$) relation follows the Milky Way-like power-low exponent, but the intercept is ~1.5 times lower than that in the Milky Way. The mass functions ($dN/dM$) of the CO luminosity and virial mass are characterized by an exponent of ~1.7, which is consistent with previously reported values in the Large Magellanic Cloud and in the Milky Way.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
The Effect of Capital Structure on Financial Performance: Ethiopia's Metal and Engineering Industry
Creators: name: Melese, Abnet
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2013

description: In Ethiopia, recently there are few capital structure studies that focused on determining firm specific and macro economic factors responsible to affect capital structure decision; in these studies researchers include either profitability or performance of companies to understand whether it had an effect on capital structure selection but they ignored the reverse effect of capital structure on financial performance of companies. To understand this reverse effect this thesis analyzes the effects of capital structure and debt maturity choice on financial performance using audited financial statements collected from each 10 sampled companies of Ethiopia's Metal and Engineering Industry for the time span of six years (2007 to 2012). The multivariate OLS regression result of the study indicates capital structure has a significant and positive effect on financial performance (measured by return on equity) of the Metal and Engineering Industry companies as it is measured by debt ratio; furthermore, short term debt ratio has significant whereas long term debt ratio has insignificant but both positive effect as the study examined if different level maturity of debt has a different effect on financial performance. Thus, the study concluded that data from Ethiopia's metal and engineering industry companies support Trade- off theories and despite to their significances no different effect in direction on financial performance was found caused by levels of debt maturity. On the other hand, asset tangibility as a controllable variable was found to have a significant and negative whereas company size and asset turnover were not. Finally, the study recommended that companies in Metal and Engineering industry should employ more debt in to their capital structure; however, the industry companies should give a through consideration to determine the optimal point to which they exhaustively take the benefits of debt; otherwise they will be exposed to bankruptcy risk due to excessive utilization of debt
A study of platoon dispersion on arterial roads
Creators: name: Weng., Tan Yan
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Acceleration of cometary dust near the nucleus: Application to 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko
Creators: name: Skorov, Yuri
name: Reshetnyk, Volodymyr
name: Lacerda, Pedro
name: Hartogh, Paul
name: Blum, Juergen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a model of cometary dust capable of simulating the dynamics within the first few tens of km of the comet surface. Recent measurements by the GIADA and COSIMA instruments on Rosetta show that the nucleus emits fluffy dust particles with porosities above 50% and sizes up to at least mm (Schulz et al. 2015, Rotundi et al. 2015, Fulle et al. 2015). Retrieval of the physical properties of these particles requires a model of the effective forces governing their dynamics. Here, we present a model capable of simulating realistic, large and porous particles using hierarchical aggregates, which shows previous extrapolations to be inadequate. The main strengths of our approach are that we can simulate very large (mm-scale) non-spherical agglomerates and can accurately determine their 1) effective cross-section and ratio of cross-section to mass, 2) gas drag coefficient, and 3) light scattering properties. In practical terms, we find that a more detailed treatment of the dust structure results in 3-5 times higher velocities for large dust particles in the inner coma than previously estimated using spherical particles of the same mass. We apply our model to the dynamics of dust in the vicinity of the nucleus of comet 67P and successfully reproduce the dust speeds reported early on when the comet was roughly 3.5 AU from the Sun. At this stage, we employ a simple spherical comet nucleus, we model activity as constant velocity gas expansion from a uniformly active surface, and use Mie scattering. We discuss pathways to improve on these simplifications in the future.
description: 9 pages (text), 9 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication on MNRAS
Sustained Turbulence in Differentially Rotating Magnetized Fluids at Low Magnetic Prandtl Number
Creators: name: Nauman, Farrukh
name: Pessah, Martin E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show for the first time that sustained turbulence is possible at low magnetic Prandtl number for Keplerian flows with no mean magnetic flux. Our results indicate that increasing the vertical domain size is equivalent to increasing the dynamical range between the energy injection scale and the dissipative scale. This has important implications for a large variety of differentially rotating systems with low magnetic Prandtl number such as protostellar disks and laboratory experiments.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures, submitted to ApJ, changes made in response to referee report
Revealing the Nature of a Lyman-$α$ Halo in a Strongly Lensed Interacting System at $z=2.92$
Creators: name: Solimano, Manuel
name: González-López, Jorge
name: Aravena, Manuel
name: Johnston, Evelyn
name: Moya-Sierralta, Cristóbal
name: Barrientos, Luis F.
name: Bayliss, Matthew B.
name: Gladders, Michael
name: Infante, Leopoldo
name: Ledoux, Cédric
name: López, Sebastián
name: Poudel, Suraj
name: Rigby, Jane R.
name: Sharon, Keren
name: Tejos, Nicolás
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spatially extended halos of H I Ly$α$ emission are now ubiquitously found around high-redshift star-forming galaxies. But our understanding of the nature and powering mechanisms of these halos is still hampered by the complex radiative transfer effects of the Ly$α$ line and limited angular resolution. In this paper, we present resolved Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) observations of SGAS J122651.3+215220, a strongly-lensed pair of $L^{*}$ galaxies at $z=2.92$ embedded in a Ly$α$ halo of $L_{Lyα}=(6.2\pm1.3)\times10^{42}$ erg s$^{-1}$. Globally, the system shows a line profile that is markedly asymmetric and redshifted, but its width and peak shift vary significantly across the halo. By fitting the spatially binned Ly$α$ spectra with a collection of radiative transfer galactic wind models, we infer a mean outflow expansion velocity of $\approx 211$ km s$^{-1}$, with higher values preferentially found on both sides of the system's major axis. The velocity of the outflow is validated with the blueshift of low-ionization metal absorption lines in the spectra of the central galaxies. We also identify a faint ($M_{1500} \approx -16.7$) companion detected in both Ly$α$ and the continuum, whose properties are in agreement with a predicted population of satellite galaxies that contribute to the extended Ly$α$ emission. Finally, we briefly discuss the impact of the interaction between the central galaxies on the properties of the halo and the possibility of in situ fluorescent Ly$α$ production.
description: Published in ApJ. 26 pages, 14 figures
Digital Quantum Simulation of Minimal AdS/CFT
Creators: name: García-Álvarez, L.
name: Egusquiza, I. L.
name: Lamata, L.
name: del Campo, A.
name: Sonner, J.
name: Solano, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose the digital quantum simulation of a minimal AdS/CFT model in controllable quantum platforms. We consider the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model describing interacting Majorana fermions with randomly distributed all-to-all couplings, encoding nonlocal fermionic operators onto qubits to efficiently implement their dynamics via digital techniques. Moreover, we also give a method for probing non-equilibrium dynamics and the scrambling of information. Finally, our approach serves as a protocol for reproducing a simplified low-dimensional model of quantum gravity in advanced quantum platforms as trapped ions and superconducting circuits.
Entanglement-enhanced dual-comb spectroscopy
Creators: name: Shi, Haowei
name: Chen, Zaijun
name: Fraser, Scott E.
name: Yu, Mengjie
name: Zhang, Zheshen
name: Zhuang, Quntao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dual-comb interferometry harnesses the interference of two laser frequency combs to provide unprecedented capability in spectroscopy applications. In the past decade, the state-of-the-art systems have reached a point where the signal-to-noise ratio per unit acquisition time is fundamentally limited by shot noise from vacuum fluctuations. To address the issue, we propose an entanglement-enhanced dual-comb spectroscopy protocol that leverages quantum resources to significantly improve the signal-to-noise ratio performance. To analyze the performance of real systems, we develop a quantum model of dual-comb spectroscopy that takes practical noises into consideration. Based on this model, we propose quantum combs with side-band entanglement around each comb lines to suppress the shot noise in heterodyne detection. Our results show significant quantum advantages in the uW to mW power range, making this technique particularly attractive for biological and chemical sensing applications. Furthermore, the quantum comb can be engineered using nonlinear optics and promises near-term experimentation.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
Prevalence, nursing managements and patients" outcomes among stroke patients admitted to Tikur Anbessa specialized hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2018
Creators: name: Kassaw, Ayehu
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018

description: Introduction: Stroke is becoming the leading cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the Globe. However, there is paucity of data on the prevalence, nursing managements and outcomes of stroke patients in Ethiopia. Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence, nursing managements provided and stroke patient"s outcomes. Methodology: Retrospective cross sectional study design was conducted among all new stroke patients admitted to TASH from July1/2015 to Feb30/2018, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Results: In this study stroke prevalence was 19.3%. Ischemic stroke was commonest of stroke which is 87 (51.2%) with an ischemic to hemorrhagic stroke ratio of 1.36:1. Ten-years increase in patients" age leads to a 25% higher risk for ischemic stroke. Patients" with age groups of >=65 years had (OR=7.463 95%CI (2.101, 26.508) )7.463 folds" higher risk of getting ischemic stroke than younger patients. Hemiplegia/paresis was the most frequent clinical presentation occurred in 77.1% of all stroke patients. Hypertension was the commonest comorbidity occurred in 50.1% of all stroke patients. The odds of hypertensive patients getting ischemic stroke is lower than getting hemorrhagic stroke (OR=0.246, P<0.001, CI 95% (0.112, 0.542)). Younger adults had 8.587 higher chances to improve free off complications than older adults did (OR=8.587 95%CI (2.417 ,30.501). Patients who early mobilized had an 8.991times higher chance of improved without complications (OR=8.991 95%CI (2.992,27.019). Aspiration pneumonia was the leading cause of death accounting for 39% of all causes Conclusion and Recommendations: Stroke in Ethiopia is on rise. The occurrence rises with age with peak between 35 to 65 years. Younger adult patients (18-34 years) were 18.2% of patients, which is more dangerous in view of the early occurrences of stroke, which leads for a higher and prolonged disability adjusted life years. A prospective hospital and community based stroke incidence, prevalence and nursing managements studies are required to define the true socio-demographic characteristics of stroke and the associated factors in our population.
Strongly correlated Bose gases
Creators: name: Chevy, Frederic
name: Salomon, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The strongly interacting Bose gas is one of the most fundamental paradigms of quantum many-body physics and the subject of many experimental and theoretical investigations. We review recent progress on strongly correlated Bose gases, starting with a description of beyond mean-field corrections. We show that the Efimov effect leads to non universal phenomena and to a metastability of the low temperature Bose gas through three-body recombination to deeply bound molecular states. We outline differences and similarities with ultracold Fermi gases, discuss recent experiments on the unitary Bose gas, and finally present a few perspectives for future research.
Information and backaction due to phase contrast imaging measurements of cold atomic gases: beyond Gaussian states
Creators: name: Ilo-Okeke, Ebubechukwu O.
name: Byrnes, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We further examine a theory of phase contrast imaging (PCI) of cold atomic gases, first introduced by us in Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 112}, 233602 (2014). We model the PCI measurement by directly calculating the entangled state between the light and the atoms due to the ac Stark shift, which induces a conditional phase shift on the light depending upon the atomic state. By interfering the light that passes through the BEC with the original light, one can obtain information of the atomic state at a single shot level. We derive an exact expression for a measurement operator that embodies the information obtained from PCI, as well as the back-action on the atomic state. By the use of exact expressions for the measurement process, we go beyond the continuous variables approximation such that the non-Gaussian regime can be accessed for both the measured state and the post-measurement state. Features such as the photon probability density, signal, signal variance, Fisher information, error of the measurement, and the backaction are calculated by applying the measurement operator to an atomic two spin state system. For an atomic state that is initially in a spin coherent state, we obtain analytical expression for these quantities. There is an optimal atom-light interaction time that scales inversely proportional to the number of atoms, which maximizes the information readout.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Designing allostery-inspired response in mechanical networks
Creators: name: Rocks, Jason W.
name: Pashine, Nidhi
name: Bischofberger, Irmgard
name: Goodrich, Carl P.
name: Liu, Andrea J.
name: Nagel, Sidney R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent advances in designing meta-materials have demonstrated that global mechanical properties of disordered spring networks can be tuned by selectively modifying only a small subset of bonds. Here, using a computationally-efficient approach, we extend this idea in order to tune more general properties of networks. With nearly complete success, we are able to produce a strain between any pair of target nodes in a network in response to an applied source strain on any other pair of nodes by removing only ~1% of the bonds. We are also able to control multiple pairs of target nodes, each with a different individual response, from a single source, and to tune multiple independent source/target responses simultaneously into a network. We have fabricated physical networks in macroscopic two- and three-dimensional systems that exhibit these responses. This targeted behavior is reminiscent of the long-range coupled conformational changes that often occur during allostery in proteins. The ease with which we create these responses may give insight into why allostery is a common means for the regulation of activity in biological molecules.
description: 28 pages (single column), 5 figures, 2 videos
Determinants of Liquidity in Commercial Banks of Ethiopia: the Case of Selected Private Banks
Creators: name: Shumet, Mekbib
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2016

description: Liquidity is one of the major concerns for banks and thus achieving the optimum level of liquidity is crucial. The main objective of this study was to identify the determinants of liquidity of private commercial banks in Ethiopia. In order to achieve the research objectives, data was collected from a sample of six private commercial banks in Ethiopia over the period from 2000 to 2015. Bank specific and macroeconomic variables were analysed by using the balanced panel fixed effect regression model. Bank's liquidity is measured in three ratios: liquid asset to deposit, liquid asset to total asset and loan to deposit ratios. The findings of the study revealed that, bank size and loan growth has negative and statistically significant impact on liquidity; while non-performing loans, profitability and inflation have positive and statistically significant impact on liquidity of Ethiopian private commercial banks. However, capital adequacy, interest rate margin, real GDP growth rate , interest rate on loans and short term interest rate have no statistically significant effect on the liquidly of Ethiopian private commercial banks. Keywords: Determinants of Liquidity, Ethiopian Private Commercial Banks, Liquidity Ratio, Balanced Panel Fixed Effect Regression Model
Experimental and theoretical study of the free overall in a trapezodial channel
Creators: name: Fong, Seng Soon.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Concept Identification for Complex Engineering Datasets
Creators: name: Lanfermann, Felix
name: Schmitt, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Finding meaningful concepts in engineering application datasets which allow for a sensible grouping of designs is very helpful in many contexts. It allows for determining different groups of designs with similar properties and provides useful knowledge in the engineering decision making process. Also, it opens the route for further refinements of specific design candidates which exhibit certain characteristic features. In this work, an approach to define meaningful and consistent concepts in an existing engineering dataset is presented. The designs in the dataset are characterized by a multitude of features such as design parameters, geometrical properties or performance values of the design for various boundary conditions. In the proposed approach the complete feature set is partitioned into several subsets called description spaces. The definition of the concepts respects this partitioning which leads to several desired properties of the identified concepts. This cannot be achieved with state-of-the-art clustering or concept identification approaches. A novel concept quality measure is proposed, which provides an objective value for a given definition of concepts in a dataset. The usefulness of the measure is demonstrated by considering a realistic engineering dataset consisting of about 2500 airfoil profiles, for which the performance values (lift and drag) for three different operating conditions were obtained by a computational fluid dynamics simulation. A numerical optimization procedure is employed, which maximizes the concept quality measure and finds meaningful concepts for different setups of the description spaces, while also incorporating user preference. It is demonstrated how these concepts can be used to select archetypal representatives of the dataset which exhibit characteristic features of each concept.
description: 19 pages, 14 figures, accepted at Advanced Engineering Informatics
Pre-training Enhanced Spatial-temporal Graph Neural Network for Multivariate Time Series Forecasting
Creators: name: Shao, Zezhi
name: Zhang, Zhao
name: Wang, Fei
name: Xu, Yongjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multivariate Time Series (MTS) forecasting plays a vital role in a wide range of applications. Recently, Spatial-Temporal Graph Neural Networks (STGNNs) have become increasingly popular MTS forecasting methods. STGNNs jointly model the spatial and temporal patterns of MTS through graph neural networks and sequential models, significantly improving the prediction accuracy. But limited by model complexity, most STGNNs only consider short-term historical MTS data, such as data over the past one hour. However, the patterns of time series and the dependencies between them (i.e., the temporal and spatial patterns) need to be analyzed based on long-term historical MTS data. To address this issue, we propose a novel framework, in which STGNN is Enhanced by a scalable time series Pre-training model (STEP). Specifically, we design a pre-training model to efficiently learn temporal patterns from very long-term history time series (e.g., the past two weeks) and generate segment-level representations. These representations provide contextual information for short-term time series input to STGNNs and facilitate modeling dependencies between time series. Experiments on three public real-world datasets demonstrate that our framework is capable of significantly enhancing downstream STGNNs, and our pre-training model aptly captures temporal patterns.
description: Accepted by SIGKDD 2022 (Research Track)
Accurate initial conditions in mixed Dark Matter--Baryon simulations
Creators: name: Valkenburg, Wessel
name: Villaescusa-Navarro, Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We quantify the error in the results of mixed baryon--dark-matter hydrodynamic simulations, stemming from outdated approximations for the generation of initial conditions. The error at redshift 0 in contemporary large simulations, is of the order of few to ten percent in the power spectra of baryons and dark matter, and their combined total-matter power spectrum. After describing how to properly assign initial displacements and peculiar velocities to multiple species, we review several approximations: (1) {using the total-matter power spectrum to compute displacements and peculiar velocities of both fluids}, (2) scaling the linear redshift-zero power spectrum back to the initial power spectrum using the Newtonian growth factor ignoring homogeneous radiation, (3) using longitudinal-gauge velocities with synchronous-gauge densities, and (4) ignoring the phase-difference in the Fourier modes for the offset baryon grid, relative to the dark-matter grid. Three of these approximations do not take into account that dark matter and baryons experience a scale-dependent growth after photon decoupling, which results in directions of velocity which are not the same as their direction of displacement. We compare the outcome of hydrodynamic simulations with these four approximations to our reference simulation, all setup with the same random seed and simulated using Gadget-III.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
D7.3 - Second Annual Report
Creators: name: Hall-Mullen, Allison
name: Stelzenmüller, Vanessa
name: Kruse, Maren
name: Bonsu, Prince
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: MarinePlan
Annual Report

description: The Second Annual Report details the achievements and progress made in the MarinePlan project during months 13-24. 
description: DISCLAIMER

This work has not been reviewed by the European Commission and may be subject to changes
Adoption, Challenges and perception of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) on the Quality of Financial Reporting of Financial Institution in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Hailemichael, Melese
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2016

description: International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) have been adopted by 143 countries around the world. The goals of the IFRS is to develop, in the public interest, a single set of high-quality, understandable, enforceable and globally accepted financial reporting standards based upon clearly articulated principles. However, its adoption and implementation bring opportunities and create challenges to the adopter. The main objective of this study was to assess the adoption, challenges and impact of international financial reporting standards (IFRS) on the quality of financial reporting of financial institution in Addis Ababa to provide an input for financial institution, governmental and policy makers and serve as for future researches on this field of study. Both primary and secondary sources of data have been used for the study from 32 financial institutions. Primary data were collected through pre designed questioners whereas secondary data were collected from different governmental organization reports, scientific papers and proceedings relevant to the study using document and regression analysis techniques, and proclamations and regulations that deal with financial reporting issues in Ethiopia. The study found that some financial institutions in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia have started using IFRS voluntarily for the preparation of their financial statements without making necessary awareness but nationally; IFRS is adopted officially in December 5, 2014 through enactment of Proclamation. And from the analysis of survey that in the dependent and independent variables there is significant correlation. Among those the IFRS on the quality of financial reporting has significant correlation with the transparency, accountability and economic efficiency. The result of the study will provide a good lesson for other Financial Institution, Governmental and Policy Makers for the implementation of IFRS network. Key Words: IFRS, Adoption; Benefits; Challenge; Quality; Transparency, Financial institutions
Cathodic protection of reinforcing steel in concrete
Creators: name: Kashmirian, Avtar Singh.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
A Model-Agnostic SAT-based Approach for Symbolic Explanation Enumeration
Creators: name: Boumazouza, Ryma
name: Cheikh-Alili, Fahima
name: Mazure, Bertrand
name: Tabia, Karim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper titled A Model-Agnostic SAT-based approach for Symbolic Explanation Enumeration we propose a generic agnostic approach allowing to generate different and complementary types of symbolic explanations. More precisely, we generate explanations to locally explain a single prediction by analyzing the relationship between the features and the output. Our approach uses a propositional encoding of the predictive model and a SAT-based setting to generate two types of symbolic explanations which are Sufficient Reasons and Counterfactuals. The experimental results on image classification task show the feasibility of the proposed approach and its effectiveness in providing Sufficient Reasons and Counterfactuals explanations.
Prevalence and risk factors of malnutrition among adult cancer patients receiving chemotherapy treatment in Tikur Anbesa specialized hospital, Addis Abeba, Ethiopia, 2019.
Creators: name: Kiros, Tuemay
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2019

description: Background: The rise in the incidence of cancer is becoming a great concern to the global community. More than half of cancer patients develop malnutrition in the course of the disease. Malnutrition has serious consequences to treatment outcome and survival of cancer patients. Objective: the aim of this study is to assess the prevalence and risk factors of malnutrition among adult cancer hospitalized patients in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2019. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted among a sample of 281 randomly selected cancer patients visiting Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital. Data were collected by patient interview and chart review using structured questioner adapted from subjective global assessment tool. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 24.0. Descriptive statics like frequency distribution, mean, median and standard deviation was used to describe characteristics. Bivariate and multivariable analysis using logistic regression models was used to determine the association between predictor variables with the dependent variable. Result: From the total 281 participated patients in this study, 164(58.2%) had malnutrition. Malnutrition was higher among females 91 (55.5%) compared to males 73(44.5%). The mean BMI was 20.24 ±3.6. Of all 119(42.2%) had moderate weight loss, 101(35.8%) severe weight loss and 147(52.1%) had weight loss in the past two weeks. With regard to functional status 117(41.5%) had mild to moderate loss of strength and 115(40.8%) severe loss of function and strength. In addition, 133 (43.3%) respondents had mild to moderate loss of subcutaneous fat in all areas and 57(20.2%) severe loss of subcutaneous fat in most areas From all types of cancer malnutrition was higher in lung cancer patients 29(64.4%) followed by breast cancer 46(56.8%), colorectal, colon and rectal cancer 36(56.3%), gastric cancer 19(46.3%) and nasal pharyngeal cancer 29(46.3%). Stage four cancer ((AOR= 7.2, 95% CI: 1.3-38.5), loss of appetite (AOR= 4.5, 95%CI; 1.5-17.2) and diarrhea (AOR= 7.8, 95% CI: 2.95-20.5) were significantly associated with malnutrition. Conclusion and recommendation: Prevalence of malnutrition in hospitalized cancer patients was high. Therefore, early identification of malnutrition and nutritional intervention should be given special attention.
Dynamical Symmetry Breaking in Chiral Gauge Theories with Direct-Product Gauge Groups
Creators: name: Shi, Yan-Liang
name: Shrock, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze patterns of dynamical symmetry breaking in strongly coupled chiral gauge theories with direct-product gauge groups $G$. If the gauge coupling for a factor group $G_i \subset G$ becomes sufficiently strong, it can produce bilinear fermion condensates that break the $G_i$ symmetry itself and/or break other gauge symmetries $G_j \subset G$. Our comparative study of a number of strongly coupled direct-product chiral gauge theories elucidates how the patterns of symmetry breaking depend on the structure of $G$ and on the relative sizes of the gauge couplings corresponding to factor groups in the direct product.
description: 25 pages, latex
naplib-python: Neural Acoustic Data Processing and Analysis Tools in Python
Creators: name: Mischler, Gavin
name: Raghavan, Vinay
name: Keshishian, Menoua
name: Mesgarani, Nima
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Recently, the computational neuroscience community has pushed for more transparent and reproducible methods across the field. In the interest of unifying the domain of auditory neuroscience, naplib-python provides an intuitive and general data structure for handling all neural recordings and stimuli, as well as extensive preprocessing, feature extraction, and analysis tools which operate on that data structure. The package removes many of the complications associated with this domain, such as varying trial durations and multi-modal stimuli, and provides a general-purpose analysis framework that interfaces easily with existing toolboxes used in the field.
description: 9 pages including references, 1 table, 1 figure
title: Lockdown
title: Lockdown
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Erni, Barbara
name: Erni, Barbara
Publisher: name: Barbara Erni
Year: 0

description: [Vol. 1] : Carnet de notes, mi-mars - mi-décembre 2020 [Vol. 2] : Journal d'une prise de tête, fin décembre 2020 - mars 2021 [Vol. 3] : Le battement d'ailes du papillon, juin - mi-novembre 2021
Deradicalizing YouTube: Characterization, Detection, and Personalization of Religiously Intolerant Arabic Videos
Creators: name: Albadi, Nuha
name: Kurdi, Maram
name: Mishra, Shivakant
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Growing evidence suggests that YouTube's recommendation algorithm plays a role in online radicalization via surfacing extreme content. Radical Islamist groups, in particular, have been profiting from the global appeal of YouTube to disseminate hate and jihadist propaganda. In this quantitative, data-driven study, we investigate the prevalence of religiously intolerant Arabic YouTube videos, the tendency of the platform to recommend such videos, and how these recommendations are affected by demographics and watch history. Based on our deep learning classifier developed to detect hateful videos and a large-scale dataset of over 350K videos, we find that Arabic videos targeting religious minorities are particularly prevalent in search results (30%) and first-level recommendations (21%), and that 15% of overall captured recommendations point to hateful videos. Our personalized audit experiments suggest that gender and religious identity can substantially affect the extent of exposure to hateful content. Our results contribute vital insights into the phenomenon of online radicalization and facilitate curbing online harmful content.
Sealer: In-SRAM AES for High-Performance and Low-Overhead Memory Encryption
Creators: name: Zhang, Jingyao
name: Naghibijouybari, Hoda
name: Sadredini, Elaheh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68Mxx

description: To provide data and code confidentiality and reduce the risk of information leak from memory or memory bus, computing systems are enhanced with encryption and decryption engine. Despite massive efforts in designing hardware enhancements for data and code protection, existing solutions incur significant performance overhead as the encryption/decryption is on the critical path. In this paper, we present Sealer, a high-performance and low-overhead in-SRAM memory encryption engine by exploiting the massive parallelism and bitline computational capability of SRAM subarrays. Sealer encrypts data before sending it off-chip and decrypts it upon receiving the memory blocks, thus, providing data confidentiality. Our proposed solution requires only minimal modifications to the existing SRAM peripheral circuitry. Sealer can achieve up to two orders of magnitude throughput-per-area improvement while consuming 3x less energy compared to the prior solutions.
description: 6 pages, ISLPED 2022
Frustrations on decorated triangular lattice in Ising model
Creators: name: Kassan-Ogly, F. A.
name: Zarubin, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the frustration properties of the Ising model on a decorated triangular lattice with an arbitrary number of decorating spins on all lattice bonds in the framework of an exact analytical approach based on the Kramers--Wannier transfer matrix method. Expressions for the entropy, heat capacity, and spontaneous magnetization of the lattice are obtained, including the residual (zero-temperature) entropy and residual (zero-temperature) spontaneous magnetization of the system. The existence of magnetic frustrations in such a model and their influence on the behavior of the thermodynamic functions of the system are shown. The new and most important result of our study is related to the description of the possible coexistence of frustrations and long-range magnetic order in partially ordered spin systems.
Uniform localization is always uniform
Creators: name: Han, Rui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 47B36 (Primary), 81Q10 (Secondary)

description: In this note we show that if a family of ergodic Schrödinger operators on $l^2({\Bbb Z}^γ)$ with continuous potentials have uniformly localized eigenfunctions then these eigenfunctions must be uniformly localized in a homogeneous sense.