cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Efficient Radiation Treatment Planning based on Voxel Importance
Creators: name: Mair, Sebastian
name: Fu, Anqi
name: Sjölund, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Radiation treatment planning involves optimization over a large number of voxels, many of which carry limited information about the clinical problem. We propose an approach to reduce the large optimization problem by only using a representative subset of informative voxels. This way, we drastically improve planning efficiency while maintaining the plan quality. Within an initial probing step, we pre-solve an easier optimization problem involving a simplified objective from which we derive an importance score per voxel. This importance score is then turned into a sampling distribution, which allows us to subsample a small set of informative voxels using importance sampling. By solving a - now reduced - version of the original optimization problem using this subset, we effectively reduce the problem's size and computational demands while accounting for regions where satisfactory dose deliveries are challenging. In contrast to other stochastic (sub-)sampling methods, our technique only requires a single probing and sampling step to define a reduced optimization problem. This problem can be efficiently solved using established solvers without the need of modifying or adapting them. Empirical experiments on open benchmark data highlight substantially reduced optimization times, up to 50 times faster than the original ones, for intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), all while upholding plan quality comparable to traditional methods. Our novel approach has the potential to significantly accelerate radiation treatment planning by addressing its inherent computational challenges. We reduce the treatment planning time by reducing the size of the optimization problem rather than modifying and improving the optimization method. Our efforts are thus complementary to many previous developments.
description: 21 pages, 11 figures
Application Layer Cyber Deception without Developer Interaction
Creators: name: Kahlhofer, Mario
name: Rass, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cyber deception techniques that are tightly intertwined with applications pose significant technical challenges in production systems. Security measures are usually the responsibility of a system operator, but they are typically limited to accessing built software artifacts, not their source code. This limitation makes it particularly challenging to deploy cyber deception techniques at application runtime and without full control over the software development lifecycle. This work reviews 19 technical methods to accomplish this and evaluates them based on technical, topological, operational, and efficacy properties. We find some novel techniques beyond honeypots and reverse proxies that seem to have received little research interest despite their promise for cyber deception. We believe that overcoming these technical challenges can drive the adoption of more dynamic and personalized cyber deception techniques, tailored to specific classes of applications.
description: to be published in the 3rd Workshop on Active Defense and Deception (ADnD 2024)
Optimal market-neutral currency trading on the cryptocurrency platform
Creators: name: Yang, Hongshen
name: Malik, Avinash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Mathematical Finance (q-fin.MF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 91B28, 62P05

description: This research proposes a novel arbitrage approach in multivariate pair trading, termed the Optimal Trading Technique (OTT). We present a method for selectively forming a "bucket" of fiat currencies anchored to cryptocurrency for monitoring and exploiting trading opportunities simultaneously. To address quantitative conflicts from multiple trading signals, a novel bi-objective convex optimization formulation is designed to balance investor preferences between profitability and risk tolerance. We understand that cryptocurrencies carry significant financial risks. Therefore this process includes tunable parameters such as volatility penalties and action thresholds. In experiments conducted in the cryptocurrency market from 2020 to 2022, which encompassed a vigorous bull run followed by a bear run, the OTT achieved an annualized profit of 15.49%. Additionally, supplementary experiments detailed in the appendix extend the applicability of OTT to other major cryptocurrencies in the post-COVID period, validating the model's robustness and effectiveness in various market conditions. The arbitrage operation offers a new perspective on trading, without requiring external shorting or holding the intermediate during the arbitrage period. As a note of caution, this study acknowledges the high-risk nature of cryptocurrency investments, which can be subject to significant volatility and potential loss.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures, 11 tables
DobsonSupplementalMaterial – Supplemental material for The Link Between Self-Dehumanization and Immoral Behavior
Creators: name: Kouchaki, Maryam
name: Dobson, Kyle S. H.
name: Waytz, Adam
name: Kteily, Nour S.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 110904 Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 110319 Psychiatry (incl. Psychotherapy)
subject: Neuroscience

description: Supplemental material, DobsonSupplementalMaterial for The Link Between Self-Dehumanization and Immoral Behavior by Maryam Kouchaki, Kyle S. H. Dobson, Adam Waytz and Nour S. Kteily in Psychological Science
Importance Sampling for counting statistics in one-dimensional systems
Creators: name: Burenev, Ivan N.
name: Majumdar, Satya N.
name: Rosso, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we consider the problem of numerical investigation of the counting statistics for a class of one-dimensional systems. Importance sampling, the cornerstone technique usually implemented for such problems, critically hinges on selecting an appropriate biased distribution. While exponential tilt in the observable stands as the conventional choice for various problems, its efficiency in the context of counting statistics may be significantly hindered by the genuine discreteness of the observable. To address this challenge, we propose an alternative strategy which we call importance sampling with the local tilt. We demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed approach through the analysis of three prototypical examples: a set of independent Gaussian random variables, Dyson gas, and Symmetric Simple Exclusion Process (SSEP) with a steplike initial condition.
description: 11 pages, 14 figures. v2
Computing the thermal transport coefficient of neutral amorphous polymers using exact vibrational density of states: Comparison with experiments
Creators: name: Mukherji, Debashish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermal transport coefficient $κ$ is an important property that often dictates broad applications of a polymeric material, while at the same time its computation remains challenging. In particular, classical simulations overestimate $κ$ than the experimentally measured $κ^{\rm exp}$ and thus hinder their meaningful comparison. This is even when very careful simulations are performed using the most accurate empirical potentials. A key reason for such a discrepancy is because polymers have quantum--mechanical, nuclear degrees--of--freedom whose contribution to the heat balance is non--trivial. In this work, two semi--analytical approaches are considered to accurately compute $κ$ by using the exact vibrational density of states $g(ν)$. The first approach is based within the framework of the minimum thermal conductivity model, while the second uses computed quantum heat capacity to scale $κ$. Computed $κ$ of a set of commodity polymers compares quantitatively with $κ^{\rm exp}$.
A Lightweight Hybrid Multi-Channel Speech Extraction System with Directional Voice Activity Detection
Creators: Tong Lei
Xu Zhang
Yuxiang Hu
Changbao Zhu
Jing Lu
Publisher: name: IEEE Signal Processing Society
Year: 2024

description: Although deep learning (DL) based end-to-end models have shown outstanding performance in multi-channel speech extraction, their practical applications on edge devices are restricted due to their high computational complexity. In this paper, we propose a hybrid system that can more effectively integrate the generalized sidelobe canceller (GSC) and a lightweight post-filtering model under the assistance of spatial speaker activity information provided by a directional voice activity detection (DVAD) module. In addition to guiding the update of the adaptive blocking matrix (ABM) and the adaptive interference canceller (AIC) used in GSC to alleviate the distortion of the desired speech, DVAD is also utilized as an auxiliary input to the postfiltering model to enhance its capability of interference suppression. The experimental results demonstrate that, with much lower computational costs, our method can achieve comparable performance with a current state-of-the-art end-to-end model on simulated data and generalize even better on real-world data.
title: City Planning Rhetorics and the Cultural Trope of Opportunity
title: City Planning Rhetorics
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Triece, Mary E.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: urban planning
subject: race
subject: antiracialism
subject: opportunity
subject: Rhetoric

description: Historians and sociologists have explored past and present processes of urban segregation, development, and displacement of minority and low income communities, and policy questions surrounding barriers to housing and the ways residents interact with community institutions. As communication scholars, we have a unique opportunity to add critical insights regarding the cultural meaning making of urban planning discourses. This article asks: How do cultural assumptions embedded in the myth of American opportunity shape urban planning processes? I examine two city planning documents—Detroit Future City and Connecting Cleveland 2020 Citywide Plan—for the ways references to opportunity construct an optimistic understanding of urban potential while ignoring the complicated and controversial ways race is woven into urban planning and the arrangement of city spaces. Specifically, I explore how references to the term “opportunity” appeal to cultural commonsense through associations with promise and possibility. These appeals gain persuasive traction through the term’s tendency toward over-simplification, which acts conservatively to universalize the white male experience, beg questions of race and racism, and, at times, completely elide the relevance of race in urban arrangements.
GSCA Pro: software free e amigável para SEM (Workshop no SemeAd 2024)
Creators: name: Bido, Diogenes
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: SEM
Structural Equation Modeling
GSCA
Composite based SEM

description: O objetivo deste workshop é auxiliar os participantes a começarem a usar o software GSCA Pro em suas análises multivariadas (modelagem de equações estruturais), por isso, será em parte expositivo e em parte aplicação, cobrindo os seguintes tópicos: especificação, estimação e avaliação do modelo de mensuração e modelo estrutural.
Training efforts in the Netherlands: combining forces to provide data – related training for the life science research community

Creators: name: Gelder, Celia Van
name: Abeln, Sanne
name: Azevedo, Rita
name: Luiz Olavo Bonino Da Silva Santos
name: Engelberts, Jeroen
name: Hooft, Rob
name: Kuzak, Mateusz
name: Mei, Leon
name: Roos, Marco
name: Rijswijk, Merlijn Van
name: Stubbs, Andrew
name: Heringa, Jaap
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: In this era of big data, new skills and competences are needed for life scientists, technologists and data experts. Many people with heterogeneous backgrounds have to be trained. By combining the education expertise present in the Netherlands we work towards establishing a comprehensive, internationally acclaimed and sustainable training and education course portfolio for Life Sciences Research & Technology with a focus on training in new technologies and data integration and stewardship. Our efforts cross bridges between disciplines, application domains, European research infrastructures (ESFRIs and e-infrastructures).

Examples of our activities include trainings and training collaborations in:

	Bioinformatics and Systems Biology (BioSB Research School)
	Software and Data Carpentry (DTL, Netherlands eScience Center, SURFsara)
	Metabolomics (DTL and Netherlands Metabolomics Centre)
	Proteomics (DTL, Netherlands Proteomics Community)
	NGS (DTL NGS Interest Group, Metagenomics Platform)
	Galaxy (DTL, ELIXIR-NL, VU Amsterdam, LUMC, ErasmusMC, BBMRI, TraIT)
	Bring Your Own Data (BYOD) workshops (DTL, ELIXIR-NL)
	Data Stewardship, Data Management, FAIR Data training (DTL, ELIXIR-NL, LERU, Elsevier)
	Defining competences and skill sets (DTL, ELIXIR-NL, EDISON)
	HPC and Cloud (DTL, ELIXIR-NL, SURFsara)
	Generic data science (ELIXIR-NL, RDA-CODATA, EDISON)

For all this training areas, we are not only collaborating in the Netherlands, but are also actively engaging and aligning efforts with collaborators in Europe (e.g. VIB in Belgium and SIB in Switzerland) and abroad (e.g. GOBLET and RDA-CODATA). Furthermore, ELIXIR-NL is co-leading the ELIXIR Training Platform. All our training activities are open to all and we welcome new collaborations
Representation Theory for Massless Quasiparticles in Bogoliubov-de Gennes Systems
Creators: name: Yang, Arist Zhenyuan
name: Liu, Zheng-Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gapless quasiparticles can exist in the Bogoliubov-de Gennes (BdG) Hamiltonians in the mean field description of superconductors (SCs), fermionic superfluids (SFs) and quantum spin liquids (QSLs). The mechanism of gapless quasiparticles in superconductors was studied in literature based on the homotopy theory or symmetry-indicators. However, important properties of the gapless quasiparticles including the degeneracy, the energy-momentum dispersion and the responses to external probe fields need to be determined. In the present work, we investigate gapless quasiparticles in general BdG systems by using projective representation theory for the full `symmetry' groups formed by combinations of lattice, spin and charge operations. We find that (I) charge conjugation (or effective charge conjugation) symmetry can yield gapless quasiparticles with linear, quadratic or higher order dispersions at high symmetry points of the Brillouin zone; (II) different quantum numbers protected level crossing can give rise to zero modes along high symmetry lines; (III) combined spatial inversion and time reversal symmetry can protect zero modes appearing at generic $k$ points. To obtain the low energy properties of gapless quasiparticles, the $k\cdot p$ theory is provided using a high efficient method--the Hamiltonian approach. Based on generalized band representation theory for BdG systems, several lattice models are constructed to illustrate the above results. Our theory provides a method to classify nodal SCs/SFs/QSLs with given symmetries, and enlightens the realization of Majorana type massless quasiparticles in condensed matter physics.
description: 27 pages,11 figures
SCUBA-2 Ultra Deep Imaging EAO Survey (STUDIES). V. Confusion-limited Submillimeter Galaxy Number Counts at 450 $μ$m and Data Release for the COSMOS Field
Creators: name: Gao, Zhen-Kai
name: Lim, Chen-Fatt
name: Wang, Wei-Hao
name: Chen, Chian-Chou
name: Smail, Ian
name: Chapman, Scott C.
name: Zheng, Xian Zhong
name: Shim, Hyunjin
name: Kodama, Tadayuki
name: Ao, Yiping
name: Chang, Siou-Yu
name: Clements, David L.
name: Dunlop, James S.
name: Ho, Luis C.
name: Hsu, Yun-Hsin
name: Hwang, Chorng-Yuan
name: Hwang, Ho Seong
name: Koprowski, M. P.
name: Scott, Douglas
name: Serjeant, Stephen
name: Toba, Yoshiki
name: Urquhart, Sheona A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present confusion-limited SCUBA-2 450-$μ$m observations in the COSMOS-CANDELS region as part of the JCMT Large Program, SCUBA-2 Ultra Deep Imaging EAO Survey (STUDIES). Our maps at 450 and 850 $μ$m cover an area of 450 arcmin$^2$. We achieved instrumental noise levels of $σ_{\mathrm{450}}=$ 0.59 mJy beam$^{-1}$ and $σ_{\mathrm{850}}=$ 0.09 mJy beam$^{-1}$ in the deepest area of each map. The corresponding confusion noise levels are estimated to be 0.65 and 0.36 mJy beam$^{-1}$. Above the 4 (3.5) $σ$ threshold, we detected 360 (479) sources at 450 $μ$m and 237 (314) sources at 850 $μ$m. We derive the deepest blank-field number counts at 450 $μ$m, covering the flux-density range of 2 to 43 mJy. These are in agreement with other SCUBA-2 blank-field and lensing-cluster observations, but are lower than various model counts. We compare the counts with those in other fields and find that the field-to-field variance observed at 450 $μ$m at the $R=6^\prime$ scale is consistent with Poisson noise, so there is no evidence of strong 2-D clustering at this scale. Additionally, we derive the integrated surface brightness at 450 $μ$m down to 2.1 mJy to be $57.3^{+1.0}_{-6.2}$~Jy deg$^{-2}$, contributing to (41$\pm$4)\% of the 450-$μ$m extragalactic background light (EBL) measured by COBE and Planck. Our results suggest that the 450-$μ$m EBL may be fully resolved at $0.08^{+0.09}_{-0.08}$~mJy, which extremely deep lensing-cluster observations and next-generation submillimeter instruments with large aperture sizes may be able to achieve.
description: 29 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
United for humanity: developing a collaborative model based on crowdsourcing to engage volunteers in crisis recovery campaigns
Creators: name: Pestana, Maria Clara
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: crowdsourcing
microtasking
collaboration
Crisis Management

description: Efficient crisis management and recovery efforts rely on clear communication and collab-oration among emergency response agencies, public institutions, and the broader commu-nity. This study addresses the challenge of bridging the communication and coordinationgap during crises by leveraging crowdsourcing platforms to engage volunteers in digitalcampaigns for humanitarian aid. The primary objective is to develop and validate acollaborative context model that promotes public engagement in crisis recovery throughvolunteer tasks. This research explores the challenges of crowd volunteering, the successof digital humanitarian campaigns, and the development of a taxonomy for organizingvolunteering tasks. The proposed methodology involves an exploratory study of crowd-sourcing in crisis communication, the creation of a task distribution algorithm, and theintegration of the engagement model into the Contask platform. A case study about therecovery of community affected by Rio Grande do Sul floods, planned as future work,will be conducted to validate the model and assess its impact on community recovery.The study provides practical guidelines for campaign developers and highlights the keycontextual factors that enhance volunteer participation in digital humanitarian efforts.
A Practical Roadmap to Learning from Demonstration for Robotic Manipulators in Manufacturing
Creators: name: Barekatain, Alireza
name: Habibi, Hamed
name: Voos, Holger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper provides a structured and practical roadmap for practitioners to integrate Learning from Demonstration (LfD ) into manufacturing tasks, with a specific focus on industrial manipulators. Motivated by the paradigm shift from mass production to mass customization, it is crucial to have an easy-to-follow roadmap for practitioners with moderate expertise, to transform existing robotic processes to customizable LfD-based solutions. To realize this transformation, we devise the key questions of "What to Demonstrate", "How to Demonstrate", "How to Learn", and "How to Refine". To follow through these questions, our comprehensive guide offers a questionnaire-style approach, highlighting key steps from problem definition to solution refinement. The paper equips both researchers and industry professionals with actionable insights to deploy LfD-based solutions effectively. By tailoring the refinement criteria to manufacturing settings, the paper addresses related challenges and strategies for enhancing LfD performance in manufacturing contexts.
description: 26 pages, 6 figures
Giant ovarian metastasis from sigmoid colon cancer
Creators: name: Petraru, Elisa
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Oncology
subject: Pelvis
subject: CT
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Intraoperative
subject: Removal
subject: Surgery
subject: Cysts
subject: Neoplasia

description: Clinical History Image Findings Discussion Find Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis
description: female, 48 years
description: Clinical History: A 48 year old female presented with progressive abdominal distension, mild abdominal pain and discomfort. At first, her symptoms were minor, but they increasingly worsened within a two month period. Final Diagnosis: Mucinous adenocarcinoma of the sigmoid with left ovarian metastasis.
Supplemental_Table_3376d7e97ad2_33768f3c6189_4580e5081703 - Palliative Care Use Among Patients With Solid Cancer Tumors: A National Cancer Data Base Study
Creators: name: Osayande Osagiede
name: Colibaseanu, Dorin T.
name: Spaulding, Aaron C.
name: Frank, Ryan D.
name: Merchea, Amit
name: Kelley, Scott R.
name: Uitti, Ryan J.
name: Sikander Ailawadhi
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 111702 Aged Health Care
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplemental_Table_3376d7e97ad2_33768f3c6189_4580e5081703 for Palliative Care Use Among Patients With Solid Cancer Tumors: A National Cancer Data Base Study by Osayande Osagiede, Dorin T. Colibaseanu, Aaron C. Spaulding, Ryan D. Frank, Amit Merchea, Scott R. Kelley, Ryan J. Uitti, and Sikander Ailawadhi in Journal of Palliative Care
Topology of the charged AdS black hole in restricted phase space
Creators: name: Wang, Han
name: Du, Yun-Zhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The local topological properties of black hole systems can be expressed by the winding numbers as the defects. As so far, AdS black hole thermodynamics is often depicted by the dual parameters of $(T,S),~ (P,V), (Φ, Q)$ in the extended phase space, while there is several study on the black hole thermodynamics in the restricted phase space. In this paper, we analyze the topological properties of the charged AdS black holes in the restricted phase space under the higher dimensions and higher order curvature gravities frame. The results show that the topological number of the charged black hole in the same canonical ensembles is a constant and is independent of the concrete dual thermodynamical parameters. However, the topological number in the grand canonical ensemble is different from that in the canonical ensemble for the same black hole system. Furthermore, these results are independent of the dimension $d$, the highest order $k$ of the Lanczos-Lovelock densities.
Pade: A code for protoplanetary disk turbulence based on Pade differencing
Creators: name: Shariff, Karim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Pade code has been developed to treat hydrodynamic turbulence in protoplanetary disks. It solves the compressible equations of motion in cylindrical coordinates. Derivatives are computed using non-diffusive and conservative fourth-order Pade differencing, which has higher resolving power compared to both dissipative shock-capturing schemes used in most astrophysics codes, as well as non-diffusive central finite-difference schemes of the same order. The fourth-order Runge-Kutta method is used for time stepping. A previously reported error-corrected Fargo approach is used to reduce the time step constraint imposed by rapid Keplerian advection. Artificial bulk viscosity is used when shock-capturing is required. Tests for correctness and scaling with respect to the number of processors are presented. Finally, efforts to improve efficiency and accuracy are suggested.
Efficacy of antioxidant in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Kandhare, Amit D.
name: Mukherjee, Anwesha
name: Ghosh, Pinaki
name: Bodhankar, Subhash L.
Publisher: name: IfADo - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund
Year: 2016
Subjects: antioxidant
meta-analysis
idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
vital capacity
carbon monoxide diffusing capacity

description: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic oxido-inflammatory disorder of the lung. Oxidative stress is widely recognized as a central feature of IPF. Antioxidant therapy has been proposed as an effective treatment for IPF. An array of clinical trials describing the therapeutic impact of these drugs have been reporting albeit with conflicting evidence points. We performed a meta-analysis of trials in which efficacy of antioxidant therapy was compared with control in IPF. Systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, CPCI-S (Conference Proceedings Citation Index-Science), ICTRP (International Clinical Trials Registry Platform), and Google Scholar till June 2016 by two independent researchers. Various outcomes such as changes in pulmonary function tests (change in vital capacity [ΔVC], change in forced vital capacity [ΔFVC], change in percentage of predicted vital capacity [Δ%VC], and change in percentage of predicted carbon monoxide diffusing capacity [Δ%DLco]), changes in 6 minutes walking test distance (Δ6MWT), rates of adverse events, and rates of death, were included. All statistical analyses were performed using RevMan V.5.3. Twelve studies (n = 1062) were identified that used antioxidants (N-acetylcysteine and lecithinized superoxide dismutase) as a treatment for IPF. Overall, there was no association of antioxidant therapy with ΔFVC (SMD = 0.27, 95% CI:-0.07 to 0.61; P = 0.12), ΔFVC (%) (SMD = -0.10, 95% CI:-0.56 to 0.36; P = 0.66) and 6MWT (SMD = -0.04, 95% CI:-0.11 to 0.20; P = 0.59) in IPF patients. However, combined antioxidant therapy was found to be associated with %VC (SMD = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.09 to 0.64; P = 0.008) and Δ%DLco (SMD = 0.15, 95% CI: 0.00 to 0.29; P = 0.05) in IPF patients. Strong evidence was obtained that the antioxidants increased adverse effects adverse events (OR = 1.56, 95% CI: 0.75 to 3.24; P = 0.23) but it did not associate mortality (OR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.44 to 2.11; P = 0.92). The use of significant clinical heterogeneity, low statistical power, high dropout rates, duration of follow-ups, and dosing regimens of antioxidant agents. Combined antioxidant therapy seems to be a safe and effective therapy for IPF patients which provides a more beneficial effect in terms of VC, and DLco rather than monotherapy. Further randomized controlled trials with homogeneous outcome measures are needed.
description: EXCLI Journal; 15:Doc636; ISSN 1611-2156
A Wireless, Multicolor Fluorescence Image Sensor Implant for Real-Time Monitoring in Cancer Therapy
Creators: name: Roschelle, Micah
name: Rabbani, Rozhan
name: Gweon, Surin
name: Kumar, Rohan
name: Vercruysse, Alec
name: Cho, Nam Woo
name: Spitzer, Matthew H.
name: Niknejad, Ali M.
name: Stojanovic, Vladimir M.
name: Anwar, Mekhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Real-time monitoring of dynamic biological processes in the body is critical to understanding disease progression and treatment response. This data, for instance, can help address the lower than 50% response rates to cancer immunotherapy. However, current clinical imaging modalities lack the molecular contrast, resolution, and chronic usability for rapid and accurate response assessments. Here, we present a fully wireless image sensor featuring a 2.5$\times$5 mm$^2$ CMOS integrated circuit for multicolor fluorescence imaging deep in tissue. The sensor operates wirelessly via ultrasound (US) at 5 cm depth in oil, harvesting energy with 221 mW/cm$^{2}$ incident US power density (31% of FDA limits) and backscattering data at 13 kbps with a bit error rate <$10^{-6}$. In-situ fluorescence excitation is provided by micro-laser diodes controlled with a programmable on-chip driver. An optical frontend combining a multi-bandpass interference filter and a fiber optic plate provides >6 OD excitation blocking and enables three-color imaging for detecting multiple cell types. A 36$\times$40-pixel array captures images with <125 $μ$m resolution. We demonstrate wireless, dual-color fluorescence imaging of both effector and suppressor immune cells in ex vivo mouse tumor samples with and without immunotherapy. These results show promise for providing rapid insight into therapeutic response and resistance, guiding personalized medicine.
description: *equally contributing authors
title: Streetcar Desires: The Death of the Arlington Streetcar and the Cultural Politics of Smart Growth Development
title: The Cultural Politics of Smart Growth
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Gibson, Timothy A.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cultural policy
subject: urban communication
subject: city politics
subject: rhetoric
subject: cultural studies
subject: Critical and Cultural Studies
subject: Rhetoric
subject: Social Influence and Political Communication
subject: Urban Studies and Planning

description: In 2014, Arlington County—an affluent suburb of Washington, DC—became embroiled in a bitter political debate over a proposed streetcar line on Columbia Pike, a street that traverses some of the County’s last remaining working-class and new immigrant neighborhoods. Viewed alternatively as vanguard for gentrification, a symbol of sustainable development, and a big government boondoggle, the proposed streetcar brought to the surface ideological and class antagonisms which are typically muted in Arlington’s broadly liberal-progressive political culture. Drawing on comments posted on a local news blog as well as interviews with advocates, this paper examines the streetcar debate through the lens of Stuart Hall’s theory of articulation and Janice Radway’s metaphor of “ideological seams.” In particular, the paper explores how streetcar opponents wove together an unlikely rhetorical fabric, intertwining fears of gentrification, a critique of “big government,” and a rearguard defense of suburban automobility. A concluding section discusses what the death of the Arlington Streetcar can reveal about the cultural politics of smart growth development and sustainable urban planning.
Towards Understanding the Bugs in Solidity Compiler
Creators: name: Ma, Haoyang
name: Zhang, Wuqi
name: Shen, Qingchao
name: Tian, Yongqiang
name: Chen, Junjie
name: Cheung, Shing-Chi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Solidity compiler plays a key role in enabling the development of smart contract applications on Ethereum by governing the syntax of a domain-specific language called Solidity and performing compilation and optimization of Solidity code. The correctness of Solidity compiler is critical in fostering transparency, efficiency, and trust in industries reliant on smart contracts. However, like other software systems, Solidity compiler is prone to bugs, which may produce incorrect bytecodes on blockchain platforms, resulting in severe security concerns. As a domain-specific compiler for smart contracts, Solidity compiler differs from other compilers in many perspectives, posing unique challenges to detect its bugs. To understand the bugs in Solidity compiler and benefit future research, in this paper, we present the first systematic study on 533 Solidity compiler bugs. We carefully examined their characteristics (including symptoms, root causes, and distribution), and their triggering test cases. Our study leads to seven bug-revealing takeaways for Solidity compiler. Moreover, to study the limitations of Solidity compiler fuzzers and bring our findings into practical scenarios, we evaluate three Solidity compiler fuzzers on our constructed benchmark. The results show that these fuzzers are inefficient in detecting Solidity compiler bugs. The inefficiency arises from their failure to consider the interesting bug-inducing features, bug-related compilation flags, and test oracles
The impact of nonvisual effects of daylight on building occupants: Implications on lighting standards and human centric lighting design
Creators: name: Lo, Allen
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: This research tested people's physiological and psychological responses to daylight. Daylight was measured at eye level using the newly developed non-visual light measurement unit. The study found that bright light exposure was associated with calmer heart rate response as well as relationships between heart rate changes and some psychological measures. The findings show that incorporating better daylighting into building design benefits occupants both psychologically and physiologically. Further, lighting design reference measurements should be taken at eye level, as there were significant differences between the current lighting standard's that assess light at the horizontal benchtop and eye level measurements.
title: Bioprospecting for plant growth promoting microbes: Rich seams in long-term agricultural field experiments?
Creators: name: Thornton, Owen
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2025

description: Interactions between plants and microbes are believed to have facilitated the conquest 
of land and to this day profoundly affect the success of plants. Naturally occurring soil 
microbes – especially the subset that live associatively with plant roots – offer the 
potential to contribute to the sustainable intensification of agriculture by a variety of 
means, including the suppression of plant diseases and provision of nutrients. 
However, the effects of different agricultural management practices and cropping 
systems on the proliferation of beneficial microbes may determine the manifestation 
of these functions. The design of the Broadbalk winter wheat experiment at 
Rothamsted has ensured that a diverse range of biotic and abiotic selective pressures 
associated with different combinations of such treatments have acted continuously on 
resident soil microbes over the last 180 years, both directly and mediated via 
continuously cultivated crop plants. This thesis presents an investigation into the utility 
of this living experiment to advance our understanding of the plant microbiome under 
various environmental stressors principally surrounding nutrient limitations. The 
central role of inorganic nitrogen amendments in structuring the rhizosphere 
microbiome at Broadbalk was revealed by a bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon 
sequencing survey in tandem with robust soil chemical analyses. A high-throughput, 
culture collection pipeline was developed to integrate functional characterisations of 
resultant rhizosphere microbial communities by screening isolate libraries in vitro. The 
role of mineral nitrogen inputs dominated outcomes, and no enrichment of putatively 
plant growth promoting (PGP) microbial traits relevant to nutrient limitations in the plots 
from which they were cultured were exhibited, potentially a result of thorough 
geochemical depletions through repeated cropping. This multifaceted approach 
towards understanding the nature of selection for PGP microbial associations holds 
significant promise and the data and biological resources generated can be further 
leveraged to develop microbial solutions to problems faced by contemporary 
agricultural systems.
Electrical switching of spin-polarized light-emitting diodes based on a 2D CrI3/hBN/WSe2 heterostructure
Creators: name: Dang, Jianchen
name: Wu, Tongyao
name: Yan, Shuohua
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Lei, Hechang
name: Zhang, Xiao-Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-polarized light-emitting diodes (spin-LEDs) convert the electronic spin information to photon circular polarization, offering potential applications including spin amplification, optical communications, and advanced imaging. The conventional control of the emitted light's circular polarization requires a change in the external magnetic field, limiting the operation conditions of spin-LEDs. Here, we demonstrate an atomically thin spin-LED device based on a heterostructure of a monolayer WSe2 and a few-layer antiferromagnetic CrI3, separated by a thin hBN tunneling barrier. The CrI3 and hBN layers polarize the spin of the injected carriers into the WSe2. With the valley optical selection rule in the monolayer WSe2, the electroluminescence exhibits a high degree of circular polarization that follows the CrI3 magnetic states. Importantly, we show an efficient electrical tuning, including a sign reversal, of the electroluminescent circular polarization by applying an electrostatic field due to the electrical tunability of the few-layer CrI3 magnetization. Our results establish a new platform to achieve on-demand operation of nanoscale spin-LED and electrical control of helicity for device applications.
Creating Novel Functions on Textiles by Applying Organic Chemistry
Creators: Sun, Gang
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2017

Textile chemistry is an applied chemistry in a highly-specialized area of textile materials, applying basic principles of organic, physical, and analytical chemistry and incorporating novel or desired functions and esthetic modifications onto textile materials. The textile materials include fibers, yarns, fabrics, clothing, carpets, upholsteries, composite materials, and beyond. My career as a textile chemist began earlier in the 1980s in China, but I became an independent researcher in 1995, when I was appointed as an assistant professor at the Division of Textiles and Clothing at University of California, Davis, after receiving my Ph.D. in chemistry and postdoctoral training at Auburn University. The focus of research and teaching in my group has been on textile chemistry in the past twenty years, and of course, the achievements made by the group in the

area were based on the chemistry as well. Here is a brief summary with a few examples.
Splenorenal Shunt
Creators: name: Keshavamurthy, Jayanth
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: CT
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Shunts
subject: Varices

description: Clinical History Image Findings Discussion Find Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis
description: female, 52 years
description: Clinical History: 52 year old female complaining of epigastric and left lower quadrant abdominal pain. Lipase was normal. Reports regular alcohol use. Final Diagnosis: Spontaneous splenorenal shunt
A case of small bowel obstruction secondary to santol(Sandoricum koetjape) seed
Creators: name: Karki, Suman
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: CT
subject: Plain radiographic studies
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Obstruction / Occlusion

description: Clinical History Image Findings Discussion Find Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis
description: male, 41 years
description: Clinical History: This is a case of 41 years old, male admitted due to abdominal distention, vomiting and constipation. He is mentally disabled and has history of eating santol fruits as said by the relatives. Final Diagnosis: Small bowel obstruction secondary to santol(Sandoricum koetjape) seed
Identification of the cause of abdominal pain on CT in a patient with multiple incidental findings
Creators: name: PATEL, MITUL C
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Acute

description: Clinical History Image Findings Discussion Find Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis
description: female, 19 years
description: Clinical History: 19 years old female presented in emergency with complaints of acute abdominal pain in left iliac fossa, associated with nausea. No history of fever, diarrhea. Cell count was normal. Patient underwent USG abdomen followed by Contrast enhanced CT scan (CECT... Final Diagnosis: Acute epiploic appendagitis with dorsal pancreatic agenesis,unilateral renal agenesis,unicornuate uterus
Acute pancreatitis in Crohnâs disease: diagnostic value of diffusion-weighted MRI
Creators: name: Tonolini, Massimo
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Pancreas
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Cholangiography
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Dilation
subject: Acute

description: Clinical History Image Findings Discussion Find Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis
description: male, 43 years
description: Clinical History: Male smoker suffering from upper abdominal pain radiating to his back. Medical history included appendectomy, recent diagnosis and surgical treatment of CrohnÃ¢ÂÂs disease one year earlier. Physical examination excluded peritonism, fever and bowel obstruct... Final Diagnosis: Drug-induced mild acute pancreatitis in CrohnÃ¢ÂÂs disease
Passive wing deployment and retraction in beetles and flapping microrobots
Creators: name: Phan, Hoang-Vu
name: Park, Hoon Cheol
name: Floreano, Dario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Birds, bats and many insects can tuck their wings against their bodies at rest and deploy them to power flight. Whereas birds and bats use well-developed pectoral and wing muscles and tendons, how insects control these movements remains unclear, as mechanisms of wing deployment and retraction vary among insect species. Beetles (Coleoptera) display one of the most complex wing mechanisms. For example, in rhinoceros beetles, the wing deployment initiates by fully opening the elytra and partially releasing the hindwings from the abdomen. Subsequently, the beetle starts flapping, elevates the hindwings at the bases, and unfolds the wingtips in an origami-like fashion. Whilst the origami-like fold have been extensively explored, limited attention has been given to the hindwing base deployment and retraction, which are believed to be driven by thoracic muscles. Using high-speed cameras and robotic flapping-wing models, here we demonstrate that rhinoceros beetles can effortlessly elevate the hindwings to flight position without the need for muscular activity. We show that opening the elytra triggers a spring-like partial release of the hindwings from the body, allowing the clearance needed for subsequent flapping motion that brings the hindwings into flight position. The results also show that after flight, beetles can leverage the elytra to push the hindwings back into the resting position, further strengthening the hypothesis of a passive deployment mechanism. Finally, we validate the hypothesis with a flapping microrobot that passively deploys its wings for stable controlled flight and retracts them neatly upon landing, which offers a simple yet effective approach to the design of insect-like flying micromachines.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures
Predicting the Progression of Cancerous Tumors in Mice: A Machine and Deep Learning Intuition
Creators: name: Chattopadhyay, Amit K
name: Unkundiye, Aimee Pascaline N
name: Pearce, Gillian
name: Russell, Steven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study explores Artificial Intelligence (AI) powered modeling to predict the evolution of cancer tumor cells in mice under different forms of treatment. The AI models are analyzed against varying ambient and systemic parameters, e.g. drug dosage, volume of the cancer cell mass, and time taken to destroy the cancer cell mass. The data required for the analysis have been synthetically extracted from plots available in both published and unpublished literature (primarily using a Matlab architecture called "Grabit"), that are then statistically standardized around the same baseline for comparison. Three forms of treatment are considered - saline (multiple concentrations used), magnetic nanoparticles (mNPs) and fluorodeoxyglycose iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (mNP-FDGs) - analyzed using three Machine Learning (ML) algorithms, Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), Multilinear Regression (MLR), and a Deep Learning (DL) module, the Adaptive Neural Network (ANN). The AI models are trained on 60-80% data, the rest used for validation. Assessed over all three forms of treatment, ANN consistently outperforms other predictive models. Our models predict mNP-FDG as the most potent treatment regime that kills the cancerous tumor completely in ca 13 days from the start of treatment. The models can be generalized to other forms of cancer treatment regimens.
description: 7 figures, 24 pages