cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
New Generation Stellar Spectral Libraries in the Optical and Near-Infrared I: The Recalibrated UVES-POP Library for Stellar Population Synthesis
Creators: name: Borisov, Sviatoslav
name: Chilingarian, Igor
name: Rubtsov, Evgenii
name: Ledoux, Cédric
name: Melo, Claudio
name: Grishin, Kirill
name: Katkov, Ivan
name: Goradzhanov, Vladimir
name: Afanasiev, Anton
name: Kasparova, Anastasia
name: Saburova, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present re-processed flux calibrated spectra of 406 stars from the UVES-POP stellar library in the wavelength range 320-1025 nm, which can be used for stellar population synthesis. The spectra are provided in the two versions having spectral resolving power R=20,000 and R=80,000. Raw spectra from the ESO data archive were re-reduced using the latest version of the UVES data reduction pipeline with some additional algorithms that we developed. The most significant improvements in comparison with the original UVES-POP release are: (i) an updated Echelle order merging, which eliminates "ripples" present in the published spectra, (ii) a full telluric correction, (iii) merging of non-overlapping UVES spectral setups taking into account the global continuum shape, (iv) a spectrophotometric correction and absolute flux calibration, and (v) estimates of the interstellar extinction. For 364 stars from our sample, we computed atmospheric parameters $T_\mathrm{eff}$, surface gravity log $g$, metallicity [Fe/H], and $α$-element enhancement [$α$/Fe] by using a full spectrum fitting technique based on a grid of synthetic stellar atmospheres and a novel minimization algorithm. We also provide projected rotational velocity $v\sin i$ and radial velocity $v_{rad}$ estimates. The overall absolute flux uncertainty in the re-processed dataset is better than 2% with sub-% accuracy for about half of the stars. A comparison of the recalibrated UVES-POP spectra with other spectral libraries shows a very good agreement in flux; at the same time, $Gaia$ DR3 BP/RP spectra are often discrepant with our data, which we attribute to spectrophotometric calibration issues in $Gaia$ DR3.
description: 26 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in ApJS
Group Leaders Optimization Algorithm
Creators: name: Daskin, Anmer
name: Kais, Sabre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a new global optimization algorithm in which the influence of the leaders in social groups is used as an inspiration for the evolutionary technique which is designed into a group architecture. To demonstrate the efficiency of the method, a standard suite of single and multidimensional optimization functions along with the energies and the geometric structures of Lennard-Jones clusters are given as well as the application of the algorithm on quantum circuit design problems. We show that as an improvement over previous methods, the algorithm scales as N^2.5 for the Lennard-Jones clusters of N-particles. In addition, an efficient circuit design is shown for two qubit Grover search algorithm which is a quantum algorithm providing quadratic speed-up over the classical counterpart.
Fast Uncertainty Estimates in Deep Learning Interatomic Potentials
Creators: name: Zhu, Albert
name: Batzner, Simon
name: Musaelian, Albert
name: Kozinsky, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep learning has emerged as a promising paradigm to give access to highly accurate predictions of molecular and materials properties. A common short-coming shared by current approaches, however, is that neural networks only give point estimates of their predictions and do not come with predictive uncertainties associated with these estimates. Existing uncertainty quantification efforts have primarily leveraged the standard deviation of predictions across an ensemble of independently trained neural networks. This incurs a large computational overhead in both training and prediction that often results in order-of-magnitude more expensive predictions. Here, we propose a method to estimate the predictive uncertainty based on a single neural network without the need for an ensemble. This allows us to obtain uncertainty estimates with virtually no additional computational overhead over standard training and inference. We demonstrate that the quality of the uncertainty estimates matches those obtained from deep ensembles. We further examine the uncertainty estimates of our methods and deep ensembles across the configuration space of our test system and compare the uncertainties to the potential energy surface. Finally, we study the efficacy of the method in an active learning setting and find the results to match an ensemble-based strategy at order-of-magnitude reduced computational cost.
Additional file 1 of Split nitrogen fertilizer application improved grain yield in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) via modulating antioxidant capacity and 13C photosynthate mobilization under water-saving irrigation conditions
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhen
name: Yu, Zhenwen
name: Zhang, Yongli
name: Shi, Yu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table 1. Results of ANOVA about Fig. 1. Table 2. Results of ANOVA about Fig. 2. Table 3. Results of ANOVA about Fig. 3.
Iodine-assisted heap leaching of chalcopyrite : laboratory and modelling studies
Creators: name: Winarko, Ronny
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: Copper mine operations face increasing challenges of processing low-grade chalcopyrite ores with elevated concentrations of impurities. Heap leaching is considered to be an effective and economically viable technology for treating these low-grade, complex copper sulfide ores. The addition of iodide in ferric sulfate solution is found to significantly enhance the dissolution of chalcopyrite at ambient temperatures. The aim of this research was to better understand the key factors that control the reaction rate and the mechanisms by which iodine accelerates the leaching kinetics. This research aim was achieved by conducting experimental and modelling studies of the iodine-assisted leaching of chalcopyrite concentrate and ore. Specifically, a series of leaching tests of increasing scale, from 50-mL bottle to 1-L reactor to 1-m and 6-m column tests, were carried out under partially- or fully-controlled leaching conditions; these leaching tests data were used to develop a kinetic model that correlates the copper extraction with the leaching conditions; the solid surface properties were examined by XRD, MLA, and XPS to uncover the leaching mechanisms; the calibrated kinetic model was finally used to assess the effect of key design and operating parameters on the performance of chalcopyrite dissolution in heap leaching. The experimental results show that the redox potential is the primary factor controlling the chalcopyrite leaching by controlling the iodine speciation in solution. Either diiodine or triiodide is considered to be the active oxidant responsible for chalcopyrite dissolution depending on the solution potential. The solid surface examination shows that the elemental sulfur and iron precipitates formed during leaching did not hinder the dissolution of chalcopyrite and that pyrite was inert during leaching. The kinetic model developed could simulate the copper extraction as a function of solution potential, total iodide concentration, and temperature. The sensitivity tests with the calibrated kinetic model show that the performance of the iodine-assisted leaching process can be improved by increasing irrigation rate, ferric concentration, iodide concentration, and temperature. The experimental and modelling results obtained in the present study can guide the design and implementation of the iodine-assisted heap leaching of chalcopyrite at an industrial scale.
title: Community United Methodist Church: United Methodist Regional Ministry Campus Master Plan
Creators: name: Endo, Saori
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2005

description: The United Methodist Church has sought for the place that members can worship, learn, social and recreate. The purchase of 24 acres of land in South Weber, Utah made its opening to the place, and they are looking for their identity that they can be proud of ultimately. The intention of this project is generating ideas to help them to find out what they are looking for, yet guide the ideas properly.
Polarimetric imaging with the GMRT
Creators: name: Joshi, Sanhita
name: Chengalur, Jayaram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first set of polarimetric images made with the GMRT. These were obtained as part of the program to commission the polarization mode at the telescope. We find that the instrumental polarization leakage at the GMRT varies with frequency. It is hence necessary to solve for the leakage as a function of spectral channel. Once this is done however, it is possible to calibrate these terms to better than 1% accuracy, making it feasible to study sources that are polarized at the few percent level. We present 610 MHz polarization images of two extended FR-II radio galaxies, viz. 3C 79 and 3C 265. These were selected from the sample of sources for which the total polarization fraction at 610 MHz is known from the survey of Conway & Strom (1984). We present high resolution polarization images of these two sources and also find that the polarization fractions of the two sources as seen at the GMRT are consistent with those reported by Conway & Strom (1984).
description: Conference proceeding, A new golden age of radio astronomy, Assen, The Netherlands, June 2010
Generalized equipartition method from an arbitrary viewing angle
Creators: name: Matsumoto, Tatsuya
name: Piran, Tsvi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The equipartition analysis yields estimates of the radius and energy of synchrotron self-absorbed radio sources. Here we generalize this method to relativistic off-axis viewed emitters. We find that the Lorentz factor $Γ$ and the viewing angle $θ$ cannot be determined independently but become degenerate along a trajectory of minimal energy solutions. The solutions are divided into on-axis and off-axis branches with the former reproducing the classical analysis. A relativistic source viewed off-axis can be disguised as an apparent Newtonian one. Applying this method to radio observations of several tidal disruption events (TDEs), we find that the radio flare of AT 2018hyz which was observed a few years after the optical discovery could have been produced by a relativistic off-axis jet with kinetic energy of $\sim10^{53}\,\rm erg$ that was launched around the time of discovery.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
$O(α_s v^2)$ Corrections to Hadronic and Electromagnetic Decays of $^1S_0$ Heavy Quarkonium
Creators: name: Guo, Huai-Ke
name: Ma, Yan-Qing
name: Chao, Kuang-Ta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study $O(α_sv^2)$ corrections to decays of $^1S_0$ heavy quarkonium into light hadrons and two photons within the framework of nonrelativistic QCD, and find these $O(α_sv^2)$ corrections to have significant contributions especially for the decay into light hadrons. With these new results, experimental measurements of the hadronic width and the $γγ$ width of $η_c$ can be described more consistently. By fitting experimental data, we find the long-distance matrix elements of $η_c$ to be $|\mathcal{R}_{η_c}(0)|^2=0.834^{+0.281}_{-0.197}\ \textrm{GeV}^3$ and $< \bm{v}^2 >_{η_c}=0.232^{+0.121}_{-0.098}$. Moreover, $η_c(2S)$ is also discussed and the $γγ$ decay width is predicted to be $3.34^{+2.06}_{-2.10}\ \textrm{KeV}$.
description: Version published in PRD, 22 pages, 7 figures, references added
Inverse Design of Nanophotonic Devices using Dynamic Binarization
Creators: name: Butz, Marco
name: Abazi, Adrian S.
name: Ross, Rene
name: Risse, Benjamin
name: Schuck, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The complexity of applications addressed with photonic integrated circuits is steadily rising and poses increasingly challenging demands on individual component functionality, performance and footprint. Inverse design methods have recently shown great promise to address these demands using fully automated design procedures that enable access to non-intuitive device layouts beyond conventional nanophotonic design concepts. Here we present a dynamic binarization method for the objective-first algorithm that lies at the core of the currently most successful inverse design algorithms. Our results demonstrate significant performance advantages over previous implementations of objective first algorithms, which we show for a fundamental TE00 to TE20 waveguide mode converter both in simulation and in experiments with fabricated devices.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
The effects of elevated CO2 and nitrogen availability on rhizosphere priming of soil organic matter under wheat and white lupin
Creators: name: Xu, Qiao
name: Xiaojuan Wang
name: Caixian Tang
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: © 2018, Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature. Background and aims: Plants grown under elevated CO2 (eCO2) demand more nitrogen from soil and invest more labile carbon (C) compounds into below-ground. This would potentially affect microbial decomposition of soil organic C (SOC) in the rhizosphere- namely rhizosphere priming effect (RPE). This study aims to reveal how eCO2 and nitrogen (N) supply affect the RPEs under wheat and white lupin. Methods: Wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Yitpi) and white lupin (Lupinus albus L. cv. Kiev) were grown at two N addition rates under ambient CO2 (400 μmol mol−1) and eCO2 (800 μmol mol−1) for 32 and 52 days in a C4 soil. Rhizosphere priming of SOC was quantified using the stable 13C isotopic tracing technique. Results: Relative to adequate N supply, low N increased the RPEs under both species at Day 32, but decreased the RPEs under wheat while had no effect on RPE under white lupin at Day 52. Elevated CO2 increased the RPE except that under wheat at Day 52. Conclusions: Low N availability in soil increased the RPE probably via stimulated microbial N mining while eCO2 and severe N limitation synergistically decreased the RPE under wheat but not under N2-fixing white lupin.
The Theorem of Jentzsch--Szegő on an analytic curve. Application to the irreducibility of truncations of power series
Creators: name: Chambert-Loir, Antoine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30C15, 30G06, 11S05

description: The theorem of Jentzsch--Szegő describes the limit measure of a sequence of discrete measures associated to the zeroes of a sequence of polynomials in one variable. Following the presentation of this result by Andrievskii and Blatt in their book, we extend this theorem to compact Riemann surfaces, then to analytic curves over an ultrametric field. The particular case of the projective line over an ultrametric field gives as corollaries information about the irreducibility of the truncations of a power series in one variable.
description: 16 pages; the application to irreducibility and the final example have been corrected
Formality theorem for Hochschild cochains via transfer
Creators: name: Dolgushev, Vasily
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a 2-colored operad G^+ which, on the one hand, extends the operad G governing homotopy Gerstenhaber algebras and, on the other hand, extends the 2-colored operad governing open-closed homotopy algebras (OCHA). We show that Tamarkin's G-structure on the Hochschild cochain complex C(A) of an A-infinity algebra A extends naturally to a G^+ structure on the pair (C(A), A). We show that a formality quasi-isomorphism for the Hochschild cochains of the polynomial algebra can be obtained via transfer of this G^+ structure to the cohomology of the pair (C(A), A). We show that G^+ is a sub DG operad of the first sheet E^1(SC) of the homology spectral sequence for the Fulton-MacPherson version SC of Voronov's Swiss Cheese operad. Finally, we prove that the DG operads G^+ and E^1(SC) are non-formal.
description: To Simon Lyakhovich on the occasion of his 50th birthday. The final publication is available at http://www.springerlink.com
Quantum-classical correspondence of strongly chaotic many-body spin models
Creators: name: Benet, Luis
name: Borgonovi, Fausto
name: Izrailev, Felix M.
name: Santos, Lea F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the quantum-classical correspondence for systems with interacting spin-particles that are strongly chaotic in the classical limit. This is done in the presence of constants of motion associated with the fixed angular momenta of individual spins. Our analysis of the Lyapunov spectra reveals that the largest Lyapunov exponent agrees with the Lyapunov exponent that determines the local instability of each individual spin moving under the influence of all other spins. Within this picture, we introduce a rigorous and simple test of ergodicity for the spin motion, and use it to identify when classical chaos is both strong and global in phase space. In the quantum domain, our analysis of the Hamiltonian matrix in a proper representation allows us to obtain the conditions for the onset of quantum chaos as a function of the model parameters. From the comparison between the quantum and classical domains, we demonstrate that quantum quantities, such as the local density of states (LDOS) and the shape of the chaotic eigenfunctions written in the non-interacting many-body basis, have well-defined classical counterparts. Another central finding is the relationship between the Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy and the width of the LDOS, which is useful for studies of many-body dynamics.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures
Cosmic Train Wreck by Massive Black Holes: Discovery of a kpc-Scale Triple Active Galactic Nucleus
Creators: name: Liu, Xin
name: Shen, Yue
name: Strauss, Michael A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hierarchical galaxy mergers will lead to the formation of binary and, in the case of a subsequent merger before a binary coalesce, triple supermassive black holes (SMBHs), given that most massive galaxies harbor SMBHs. A triple of SMBHs becomes visible as a triple active galactic nucleus (AGN) when the BHs accrete large amounts of gas at the same time. Here we report the discovery of a kpc-scale triple AGN, SDSSJ1027+1749 at z = 0.066, from our systematic search for hierarchical mergers of AGNs. The galaxy contains three emission-line nuclei, two of which are offset by ~ 450 and 110 km/s in velocity and by 2.4 and 3.0 kpc in projected separation from the central nucleus. All three nuclei are classified as obscured AGNs based on optical diagnostic emission line ratios, with black hole mass estimates M_BH ~> 10^8 M_sun from stellar velocity dispersions measured in the associated stellar components. Based on dynamical friction timescale estimates, the three stellar components in SDSSJ1027+1749 will merge in ~ 40 Myr, and their associated SMBHs may evolve into a gravitationally interacting triple system in ~< 200 Myr. Our result sets a lower limit of ~ 5 x 10^(-5) for the fraction of kpc-scale triples in optically selected AGNs at z ~ 0.1.
description: minor revisions; to appear in ApJL
Ponderomotive forces in unmagnetized plasmas described by Kappa distribution functions
Creators: name: Espinoza-Troni, Joaquín
name: Asenjo, Felipe A
name: Moya, Pablo S
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Washimi and Karpman ponderomotive interaction due to electromagnetic waves propagation is investigated for unmagnetized plasmas described by a isotropic Kappa distribution. We performed a brief analysis of the influence of the Kappa distribution in the dispersion relations for a low temperature plasma expansion at the lowest order in which the thermal effects are appreciated. The spatial and temporal factor of the ponderomotive force is obtained as a function of the wavenumber, the spectral index $κ$ and the ratio between the plasma thermal velocity and the speed of light. Our results show that for unmagnetized plasmas non-thermal effects are negligible for the spatial ponderomotive force when non-relativistic thermal velocities are considered. However, for unmagnetized plasmas the temporal factor of the ponderomotive force appears only due to the presence of suprathermal particles, with a clear dependence on the $κ$ index. We have also analysed the role of the non-thermal effect in the induced Washimi and Karpman ponderomotive magnetization and the total power radiated associated with it. We have also shown that the slowly varying induced ponderomotive magnetic field magnitude increases as the plasma moves away from thermal equilibrium.
Sudden braking and turning with a two-field potential bump: primordial black hole formation
Creators: name: Fu, Chengjie
name: Chen, Chao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the amplification of curvature perturbations in a two-field inflation model featuring a Gaussian potential bump. When the inflaton encounters a potential bump along the inflationary trajectory, its rolling speed is generally reduced, potentially causing a violation of the slow-roll condition. Consequently, the original decaying modes of comoving curvature perturbations during the slow-roll phase start growing, and lead to enhanced small-scale density perturbations which can produce amounts of primordial black holes (PBHs) and associated scalar-induced gravitational waves. In addition, inflaton also undergoes sudden turnings at the encounter of the Gaussian potential bump, which is insignificant to the overall curvature power spectrum due to the short duration of these turns. Our paper offers a simple example of the extension of a bump-like potential for PBH formation in a single-field inflation to a two-field case, which helps alleviate the fine-tuning of initial conditions to some extent.
description: 28 pages, 10 figures
The connection between missing AGB stars and extended horizontal branches
Creators: name: Gratton, R. G.
name: D'Orazi, V.
name: Bragaglia, A.
name: Carretta, E.
name: Lucatello, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent surveys confirm early results about a deficiency or even absence of CN-strong stars on the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) of globular clusters (GCs), although with quite large cluster-to-cluster variations. In general, this is at odds with the distribution of CN band strengths among first ascent red giant branch (RGB) stars. Norris et al. proposed that the lack of CN-strong stars in some clusters is a consequence of a smaller mass of these stars that cannot evolve through the full AGB phase. In this short paper we found that the relative frequency of AGB stars can change by a factor of two between different clusters. We also find a very good correlation between the minimum mass of stars along the horizontal branch (Gratton et al. 2010) and the relative frequency of AGB stars, with a further dependence on metallicity. We conclude that indeed the stars with the smallest mass on the HB cannot evolve through the full AGB phase, being AGB-manque'. These stars likely had large He and N content, and large O-depletion. We then argue that there should not be AGB stars with extreme O depletion, and few of them with a moderate one.
description: 5 Pages, 2 figures, A&A Accepted
Gene Expression of Protease Inhibitors in Tomato Plants with Invasion by Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne incognita and Modulation of Their Activity with Salicylic and Jasmonic Acids
Creators: name: Zinovieva, S. V.
name: Udalova, Zh V.
name: Seiml-Buchinger, V. V.
name: Khasanov, F. K.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Tomato Plants
subject: Meloidogyne incognita
subject: Protease Inhibitors
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: The expression of the genes encoding the inhibitors of serine (ISP) and cysteine ​​proteinases (ICP) was studied in the roots of tomato plants resistant and susceptible to the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita during infection and under the effects of signaling molecules: salicylic (SA) and jasmonic (JA) acids. It was shown that, upon infection, resistant plants are characterized by an increased accumulation of transcripts of the ICP and ISP genes at the stages of penetration and development in the roots, while the level of transcription does not change in susceptible plants. There was a significant decrease in nematode invasion in susceptible plants after treatment with SA or JA compared to untreated plants, which makes it possible to determine the role of the studied proteinase inhibitors in resistance induced by signaling molecules. It was revealed that an increase in expression of the genes of proteinase inhibitors is accompanied by inhibition of the reproductive potential and size of M. incognita females, as well as by a decrease in plant infection.
[Tc(NO)Cl(Cp)(PPh3)] – A Technetium(I) Compound with an Unexpected Synthetic Potential
Creators: name: Abdulkader, Abdullah
name: Hagenbach, Adelheid
name: Abram, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Carbenes
subject: Dimers
subject: Organometallics
subject: Phosphonio ligands
subject: Technetium
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::546 Anorganische Chemie

description: Reactions of the chiral organometallic technetium(I) compound [Tc(NO)Cl(Cp)(PPh3)] (1 a) with phosphines and alkynes give unexpected products such as the dimeric cation [{Tc(NO)(Cp)(PPh3)}2Cl]+ (4) or the Fischer-type carbene [Tc(NO)(Cp)(PPh3){C(OR)C2H4PPh3}]2+ (5). Both products could be isolated as PF6− salts and studied by spectroscopic methods and X-ray diffraction. While [Tc(NO)(Cp)(PMe3)(PPh3)](PF6) (2PF6) can be obtained from 1 a, PMe3 and Ag(PF6) under ambient conditions, the synthesis of the corresponding bis-triphenylphosphine complex [Tc(NO)(Cp)(PPh3)2](PF6) (3PF6) requires high temperatures and long reaction times. The products are stable in air.
Dynamical gauge fields with bosonic codes
Creators: name: del Pino, Javier
name: Zilberberg, Oded
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum simulation of dynamical gauge field theories offers the opportunity to study complex high-energy physics with controllable low-energy devices. For quantum computation, bosonic codes promise robust error correction that exploits multi-particle redundancy in bosons. Here, we demonstrate how bosonic codes can be used to simulate dynamical gauge fields. We encode both matter and dynamical gauge fields in a network of resonators that are coupled via three-wave-mixing. The mapping to a $\mathbb{Z}_2$ dynamical lattice gauge theory is established when the gauge resonators operate as Schrödinger cat states. We explore the optimal conditions under which the system preserves the required gauge symmetries. Our findings promote realising high-energy models using bosonic codes.
description: Revised text, figures, and Supplemental Material (included)
Interacting Stark localization dynamics in a three-dimensional lattice Bose gas
Creators: name: Wadleigh, Laura
name: Kowalski, Nicholas
name: DeMarco, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the thermalization dynamics of a lattice Bose gas that is Stark localized by a parabolic potential. A non-equilibrium thermal density distribution is created by quickly removing an optical barrier. The resulting spatio-temporal dynamics are resolved using Mardia's $B$ statistic, which is a measure sensitive to the shape of the entire density distribution. We conclude that equilibrium is achieved for all lattice potential depths that we sample, including the strongly interacting and localized regime. However, thermalization is slow and non-exponential, requiring up to 500 tunneling times. We show that the Hubbard $U$ term is not responsible for thermalization via comparison to an exact diagonalization calculation, and we rule out equilibration driven by lattice-light heating by varying the laser wavelength. The thermalization timescale is comparable to the next-nearest-neighbor tunneling time, which suggests that a continuum, strongly interacting theory may be needed to understand equlibration in this system.
The Use of Photovoice as a Methodology to Explore Identity Expression Amongst People with Intellectual Disabilities who have No or Limited Verbal Communication
Creators: name: Krisson, Emma
Publisher: name: UH Research Archive
Year: 2020
Subjects: Identity
Intellectual Disabilities
Photovoice
Inclusive Research
Case Study
Ethnographic
Qualitative Research

description: People with severe and profound intellectual disabilities are rarely given the opportunity to participate in research. This is despite the development of inclusive participatory practices. A lack of involvement in research can maintain the negative assumptions and biases that surround people with intellectual disabilities and overshadow aspects of their identities. Building on previous research, this project aimed to explore whether an adapted version of photovoice could be used as a methodology to explore the identities of people with severe and profound intellectual disabilities. Informed by Social Constructionist ideas, this project incorporated a qualitative multiple case study approach. Three participants, their families and carers were invited to participate in the project which combined methods of ethnography, photovoice and dyadic interviewing. The data collected from these multiple methods were analysed systematically using a Reflexive Thematic Analysis approach. The findings of this study illustrate the complex processes involved in exploring the multidimensional identities of people with severe and profound intellectual disabilities. Photovoice can offer a flexible and accessible methodology to including visual voices, although there are important facilitating factors that must be considered, not only when conducting research, but when providing support in day to day life.
Non-Ulrich representation type
Creators: name: Faenzi, Daniele
name: Malaspina, Francesco
name: Sanna, Giangiacomo
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cohen-Macaulay modules
subject: arithmetically Cohen-Macaulay sheaves
subject: Ulrich sheaves
subject: moduli of vector bundles
subject: wild representation type
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::510 Mathematik::510 Mathematik

description: We show a remarkable property of the CM-wild variety P-1 x P-2 , namely that the only ACM sheaves moving in positive-dimensional families are Ulrich bundles. A complete classification of the non-Ulrich range is given. We prove that this feature is unique in the sense that any other ACM reduced closed subscheme X subset of P-N of dimension n >= 1 belongs to the well-known list of CM-finite or CM-tame varieties, or else it remains CM-wild upon removing Ulrich sheaves.
Additional file 1 of HMGB1 mediates cognitive impairment caused by the NLRP3 inflammasome in the late stage of traumatic brain injury
Creators: name: Tan, Si-Wei
name: Zhao, Yan
name: Li, Ping
name: Ning, Ya-Lei
name: Huang, Zhi-Zhong
name: Yang, Nan
name: Liu, Dong
name: Zhou, Yuan-Guo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additonal file 1: Additional data and tables. Fig. S1. Additional data from behavioral experiments. (A-D) Nest building results for wild-type and NLPR3 knockout mice 4 weeks or 8 weeks post-TBI. (E–F) New object recognition results for wild-type and NLPR3 knockout mice 4 weeks or 8 weeks post-TBI. (G) T-maze results for wild-type and NLPR3 knockout mice 4 weeks or 8 weeks post-TBI. (H) The glycyrrhizin administration schedule and route for behavioral tests and the electrophysiological study (EPS). Data represent the means ± SD (n = 10 mice per group). ns (p > 0.05) compared to the WT group. Fig. S2. Location of slices and the brain areas (ROI) selected for the analysis of immunofluorescent in the stereotaxic atlas of the mouse brain. DG (Red), CA1 (Yellow), CA3 (Purple) and PFC (Blue). Table S1. Total number of mice used in the experiment. Table S2. Sample size calculation.
Conductivity mechanisms and influence of the Cu/Zn disorder on electronic properties of the powder Cu2ZnSn(S1-xSex)4 solid solutions
Creators: name: Guc, Maxim
name: Gurieva, Galina
name: Hajdeu-Chicarosh, Elena
name: Schorr, Susan
name: Lisunov, Konstantin G.
name: Arushanov, Ernest
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Kesterites
subject: Solid solution
subject: Structural disordering
subject: Electrical resistivity/conductivity
subject: Neutron diffraction
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: One of the major reasons for a recent stuck of the development of kesterite based photovoltaic devices is related to the problems in their open circuit voltage. Several limitations can be pointed out as a possible origin. In particular, for a case of Cu and Zn containing kesterite compounds, a lattice disorder connected to these cations is considered to bring in an important contribution to the limitations above. Extensive studies showed a significant influence of this disorder being an intrinsic property of kesterites to structural, optical and vibrational properties of the related materials. However, detailed investigations focused to the role of disorder in formation of the electrical properties of the kesterite materials are still lacking. In order to cover this gap, here is investigated resistivity of Cu2ZnSn(S1-xSex)4 (CZTSSe) powder samples with x = 0.48–1.00 at temperatures between ~ 10 and 300 K. A detailed analysis of the measured data permits to establish various conductivity mechanisms within different temperature ranges, and to obtain a set of important macroscopic and microscopic electronic parameters. By itself, their dependence on x does not reveal any univocal behavior. In contrast, all the electronic parameters above exhibit a clear correlation with the order parameter Q. This is explained completely by a strong sensitivity of the electronic properties of CZTSSe to the Cu/Zn disorder.
Critical site percolation on the triangular lattice: From integrability to conformal partition functions
Creators: name: Morin-Duchesne, Alexi
name: Klümper, Andreas
name: Pearce, Paul A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Critical site percolation on the triangular lattice is described by the Yang-Baxter solvable dilute $A_2^{(2)}$ loop model with crossing parameter specialized to $λ=\frac\pi3$, corresponding to the contractible loop fugacity $β=-2\cos4λ=1$. We study the functional relations satisfied by the commuting transfer matrices of this model and the associated Bethe ansatz equations. The single and double row transfer matrices are respectively endowed with strip and periodic boundary conditions, and are elements of the ordinary and periodic dilute Temperley-Lieb algebras. The standard modules for these algebras are labeled by the number of defects $d$ and, in the latter case, also by the twist $e^{iγ}$. Nonlinear integral equation techniques are used to analytically solve the Bethe ansatz functional equations in the scaling limit for the central charge $c=0$ and conformal weights $Δ,\barΔ$. For the groundstates, we find $Δ=Δ_{1,d+1}$ for strip boundary conditions and $(Δ,\barΔ)=(Δ_{γ/π,d/2},Δ_{γ/π,-d/2})$ for periodic boundary conditions, where $Δ_{r,s}=\frac1{24}((3r-2s)^2-1)$. We give explicit conjectures for the scaling limit of the trace of the transfer matrix in each standard module. For $d\le8$, these conjectures are supported by numerical solutions of the logarithmic form of the Bethe ansatz equations for the leading $20$ or more conformal eigenenergies. With these conjectures, we apply the Markov traces to obtain the conformal partition functions on the cylinder and torus. These precisely coincide with our previous results for critical bond percolation on the square lattice described by the dense $A_1^{(1)}$ loop model with $λ=\frac\pi3$. The concurrence of all this conformal data provides compelling evidence supporting a strong form of universality between these two stochastic models as logarithmic CFTs.
description: v2: 84 pages, with a new section 4.4
On the BPS sector in AdS_3/CFT_2 Holography
Creators: name: Martinec, Emil J.
name: Massai, Stefano
name: Turton, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The BPS sector in AdS_3/CFT_2 duality has been fertile ground for the exploration of gauge/gravity duality, from the match between black hole entropy and the CFT elliptic genus to the construction of large families of geometrical microstates and the identification of the corresponding states in the CFT. Worldsheet methods provide a tool to further explore the relation between string theory in the bulk and corresponding CFT quantities. We show how to match individual BPS strings to their counterparts in the symmetric product orbifold CFT. In the process, we find an exact match between known constructions of microstate geometries and condensates of BPS supergraviton strings, and discuss their role in the broader collection of BPS states. In particular, we explore how microstate geometries develop singularities; and how string theory resolves these singularities through the appearance of ``tensionless'' string dynamics, which is the continuation of structures found in the weak-coupling CFT into the strongly coupled regime described by string theory in the bulk. We argue that such ``tensionless'' strings are responsible for black hole microstructure in the bulk description.
description: 47 pages, 5 figures
Reconstructing the Image Scanning Microscopy Dataset: an Inverse Problem
Creators: name: Zunino, Alessandro
name: Castello, Marco
name: Vicidomini, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Confocal laser-scanning microscopy (CLSM) is one of the most popular optical architectures for fluorescence imaging. In CLSM, a focused laser beam excites the fluorescence emission from a specific specimen position. Some actuators scan the probed region across the sample and a photodetector collects a single intensity value for each scan point, building a two-dimensional image pixel-by-pixel. Recently, new fast single-photon array detectors have allowed the recording of a full bi-dimensional image of the probed region for each scan point, transforming CLSM into image scanning microscopy (ISM). This latter offers significant improvements over traditional imaging but requires an optimal processing tool to extract a super-resolved image from the four-dimensional dataset. Here we describe the image formation process in ISM from a statistical point of view, and we use the Bayesian framework to formulate a multi-image deconvolution problem. Notably, the single-photon detector suffers exclusively from the photon shot noise, enabling the development of an effective likelihood model. We derive an iterative likelihood maximization algorithm and test it on experimental and simulated data. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the ISM dataset is redundant, enabling the possibility of obtaining reconstruction sampled at twice the scanning step. Our results prove that in ISM, under appropriate conditions, the Nyquist-Shannon sampling criterium is effectively relaxed. This finding can be exploited to speed up the acquisition process by a factor of four, further improving the versatility of ISM systems.
Analysis of plasma instabilities and verification of the BOUT code for the Large Plasma Device
Creators: name: Popovich, P.
name: Umansky, M. V.
name: Carter, T. A.
name: Friedman, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of linear instabilities in the Large Plasma Device [W. Gekelman et al., Rev. Sci. Inst., 62, 2875 (1991)] are studied both through analytic calculations and solving numerically a system of linearized collisional plasma fluid equations using the 3D fluid code BOUT [M. Umansky et al., Contrib. Plasma Phys. 180, 887 (2009)], which has been successfully modified to treat cylindrical geometry. Instability drive from plasma pressure gradients and flows is considered, focusing on resistive drift waves, the Kelvin-Helmholtz and rotational interchange instabilities. A general linear dispersion relation for partially ionized collisional plasmas including these modes is derived and analyzed. For LAPD relevant profiles including strongly driven flows it is found that all three modes can have comparable growth rates and frequencies. Detailed comparison with solutions of the analytic dispersion relation demonstrates that BOUT accurately reproduces all characteristics of linear modes in this system.
description: Published in Physics of Plasmas, 17, 102107 (2010)
title: Estimation of electrical lighting energy use in buildings : a method comparison
Creators: name: Calistru, Cristina Andreea
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2013

description: To satisfy the requirements of users in buildings, the visual environment needs to meet certain conditions. Specifically, adequate illuminance levels must be maintained dependent on the rooms' function and usage. Toward this end, electrical lighting must be deployed in many instances. However, the use of electrical lighting and the associated electrical energy use can be reduced by appropriate utilization of daylight. To estimate, in a convenient manner, the electrical energy use for lighting in buildings, there are a number of simplified procedures. An example of such a procedure involves the use of the indicator LENI (Lighting Energy Numeric Indicator). Using this indicator, area-related electrical energy use can be calculated on a room-by-room basis. However, such procedures involve a significant number of simplifications with regard to building geometry, properties of relevant building components (e.g., windows, shading), climatic context and occupancy. In this context, the present master thesis has the purpose to explore the reliability of these procedures and calculation methods presented in the EN 15193 standard. Toward this end, this study compares for a sample of rooms (e.g., lecture room, office space) the results obtained by simplified and detailed calculation methods with results obtained using measurements, in view of electrical energy demand for lighting in buildings. The research results are expected to further define the degree to which simplified calculation results could deviate from more detailed estimations or measurements.
Real-Time PCR Assays for Rapid Identification of Common Aphanomyces astaci Genotypes
Creators: name: Di Domenico, Marco
name: Curini, Valentina
name: Caprioli, Riccardo
name: Giansante, Carla
name: Mrugała, Agata
name: Mojžišová, Michaela
name: Cammà, Cesare
name: Petrusek, Adam
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Aphanomyces astaci
subject: crayfish plague
subject: genotyping
subject: TaqMan assay
subject: real-time PCR
subject: genotype groups
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: The oomycete Aphanomyces astaci is the etiologic agent of crayfish plague, a disease that has seriously impacted the populations of European native crayfish species. The introduction of non-indigenous crayfish of North American origin and their wide distribution across Europe have largely contributed to spread of crayfish plague in areas populated by indigenous crayfish. Tracking A. astaci genotypes may thus be a useful tool for investigating the natural history of crayfish plague in its European range, as well as the sources and introduction pathways of the pathogen. In this study, we describe the development of real-time PCR TaqMan assays aiming to distinguish the five genotype groups of A. astaci (A–E) previously defined by their distinct RAPD patterns. The method was evaluated using DNA extracts from pure A. astaci cultures representing the known genotype groups, and from A. astaci-positive crayfish clinical samples collected mostly during crayfish plague outbreaks that recently occurred in Central Italy and Czechia. The assays do not cross-react with each other, and those targeting genotype groups A, B, D, and E seem sufficiently specific to genotype the pathogen from infected crayfish in the areas invaded by A. astaci (particularly Europe). The unusual A. astaci genotype “SSR-Up” documented from crayfish plague outbreaks in Czechia and chronically infected Pontastacus leptodactylus in the Danube is detected by the group B real-time PCR. The assay originally developed to detect group C (one not yet documented from crayfish plague outbreaks) showed cross-reactivity with Aphanomyces fennicus; the A. astaci genotype “rust1” described in the United States from Faxonius rusticus is detected by that assay as well. Analyses of additional markers (such as sequencing of the nuclear internal transcribed spacer or mitochondrial ribosomal subunits) may complement such cases when the real-time PCR-based genotyping is not conclusive. Despite some limitations, the method is a robust tool for fast genotyping of A. astaci genotype groups common in Europe, both during crayfish plague outbreaks and in latent infections.