cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The development of the Children, Internet, and Sex Cognitions (CISC) scale: understanding the cognitions of child pornography offenders
Creators: name: Kettleborough, Danielle
Publisher: name: University of Lincoln
Year: 2023
Subjects: C800 - Psychology
C890 - Psychology not elsewhere classified

description: Research suggests that there are at least two typologies of child sexual exploitation material offenders (CSEMOs), more commonly known as “child pornography” offenders), those that are “contact-driven” to engage in sexual contact with a child and those that are “fantasy driven” with no intent to meet offline (Briggs, Simon, & Simonsen, 2011; Merdian, Curtis, Thakker, Wilson & Boer, 2011). This distinction appears conceptually attractive for CSEMOs, and thus may find application in differing cognitions between the offender subgroups. Research to date has compared the cognitive distortions of CSEMOs to contact sexual offenders (CSOs) and thus far appears to support the above hypothesis. Measures have been developed to capture the cognitions of CSEMOs and CSOs, but there is no measure solely for CSEMOs. This study describes the construction of a measure designed specifically for the cognitions of CSEMOs. Expert knowledge on the cognitions of this typology of offender was obtained from a survey completed by professionals’experienced in working with CSEMOs. Participants were asked if, and how, Ward and Keenan’s (1999) implicit theories may apply to CSEMOs. Items for the scale were generated following a thematic analysis of the survey responses. The analysis elicited 10 subthemes, which resulted in a 108-item scale named Children, Internet, and Sex Cognitions (CISC). The development of this scale, will help further explore the hypothesis that there are differing typologies of CSEMOs. The results are discussed in terms of theoretical and clinical implications, with reference to possible future use of the scale.
Anomalous light absorption around subwavelength apertures in metal films
Creators: name: Lozan, O.
name: Perrin, M.
name: Ea-Kim, B.
name: Rampnoux, J. M.
name: Dilhaire, S.
name: Lalanne, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we study the heat dissipated at metal surfaces by the electromagnetic field scattered by isolated subwavelength apertures in metal screens. In contrast to our common belief that the intensity of waves created by local sources should decrease with the distance from the sources, we reveal that the dissipated heat at the surface remains constant over a broad spatial interval of a few tens of wavelengths. This behavior which occurs for noble metals at near infrared wavelengths is observed with nonintrusive thermoreflectance measurements and is analyzed with an analytical model which underlines the intricate role played by quasi-cylindrical waves in the phenomenon. Additionally, computational results reveal that the absorption plateau is an intrinsic property that occurs for a large variety of topologies, irrespective of aperture shapes.
description: 5 pages and 4 figures
Tuning order-by-disorder multiferroicity in CuO by doping
Creators: name: Hellsvik, J.
name: Balestieri, M.
name: Usui, T.
name: Stroppa, A.
name: Bergman, A.
name: Bergqvist, L.
name: Prabhakaran, D.
name: Eriksson, O.
name: Picozzi, S.
name: Kimura, T.
name: Lorenzana, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high Curie temperature multiferroic compound, CuO, has a quasidegenerate magnetic ground state that makes it prone to manipulation by the so called ``order-by-disorder'' mechanism. First principle computations supplemented with Monte Carlo simulations and experiments show that isovalent doping allows to stabilize the multiferroic phase in non-ferroelectric regions of the pristine material phase-diagram with experiments reaching a 250% widening of the ferroelectric temperature window with 5% of Zn doping. Our results allow to validate the importance of a quasidegenerate ground state on promoting multiferroicity on CuO at high temperatures and open a path to the material engineering of new multiferroic materials.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
OpenEBench 2023 update: better support and deeper interactions with benchmarking scientific communities
Creators: name: Hernandez-Ferrer, Carles
name: Portell-Silva, Laura
name: Guitarte, Anna Redondo
name: Vendrell, Esther
name: Codó, Laia
name: Fernández, José M.
name: Repchevsky, Dmitry
name: López, Lidia
name: Valencia, Alfonso
name: Gelpí, Josep Ll.
name: Capella-Gutierrez, Salvador
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2023

description: OpenEBench (https://openebench.bsc.es/) is the ELIXIR platform for supporting community-led benchmarking activities and the technical monitoring of bioinformatics software. It has been part of the ELIXIR Tools Platform since its inception, contributing to its development and consolidation. OpenEBench collaborates with more than 20 different scientific communities within and beyond ELIXIR. This interaction fosters the development of new components, both at the infrastructure level and extension of the visual interfaces. The Continuous Automated Model EvaluatiOn (CAMEO) runs weekly automated benchmarks on predictions of protein structures that are published in OpenEBench. The Intrinsically Disordered Proteins (IDP) has served to bring CAID into OpenEBench evaluating and improving the existing documentation. Our roadmap includes to integrate other relevant platforms, and we expect to work closely with APICURON to visibilize and credit the contributions made by the different members of the communities to the platform.
Molecular ions in the protostellar shock L1157-B1
Creators: name: Podio, L.
name: Lefloch, B.
name: Ceccarelli, C.
name: Codella, C.
name: Bachiller, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a complete census of molecular ions with an abundance larger than 1e-10 in the protostellar shock L1157-B1 by means of an unbiased high-sensitivity survey obtained with the IRAM-30m and Herschel/HIFI. By means of an LVG radiative transfer code the gas physical conditions and fractional abundances of molecular ions are derived. The latter are compared with estimates of steady-state abundances in the cloud and their evolution in the shock calculated with the chemical model Astrochem. We detect emission from HCO+, H13CO+, N2H+, HCS+, and, for the first time in a shock, from HOCO+, and SO+. The bulk of the emission peaks at blueshifted velocity, ~ 0.5-3 km/s with respect to systemic, has a width of ~ 4-8 km/s, and is associated with the outflow cavities (T_kin ~ 20-70 K, n(H2) ~ 1e5 cm-3). Observed HCO+ and N2H+ abundances are in agreement with steady-state abundances in the cloud and with their evolution in the compressed and heated gas in the shock for cosmic rays ionization rate Z = 3e-16 s-1. HOCO+, SO+, and HCS+ observed abundances, instead, are 1-2 orders of magnitude larger than predicted in the cloud; on the other hand they are strongly enhanced on timescales shorter than the shock age (~2000 years) if CO2, S or H2S, and OCS are sputtered off the dust grains in the shock. The performed analysis indicates that HCO+ and N2H+ are a fossil record of pre-shock gas in the outflow cavity, while HOCO+, SO+, and HCS+ are effective shock tracers and can be used to infer the amount of CO2 and sulphur-bearing species released from dust mantles in the shock. The observed HCS+ (and CS) abundance indicates that OCS should be one of the main sulphur carrier on grain mantles. However, the OCS abundance required to fit the observations is 1-2 orders of magnitude larger than observed. Further studies are required to fully understand the chemistry of sulphur-bearing species.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, accepted by A&A
Self-assembly of flat organic molecules on metal surfaces: a theoretical characterisation
Creators: name: Mura, Manuela
Publisher: name: University of Lincoln
Year: 2023
Subjects: F320 - Chemical physics

description: The work in this thesis is focused on molecules that are able to self-assemble on different surfaces by forming two-dimensional templates stabilised via double or triple hydrogen bonding. In particular, assemblies of molecules such as melamine, perylene tetra-carboxylic di-imide (PTCDI), perylene tetra-carboxylic di-anhydride (PTCDA), naphthalene tetracarboxylic-dianhydride (NTCDA) and naphthalene tetracarboxylic diimide (NTCDI) are studied in detail. The aim is to give a complete characterisation of the supramolecular networks, taking into account the balance between the molecule-molecule and molecule-substrate interactions. All our assembly calculations are done within the gas phase approximation, i.e. without taking into account the surface, which is a good approximation assuming that the molecules are quite mobile on the surface. Using a systematic method based on considering all possible hydrogen bond connections between the molecules we investigate planar superstructures that organic molecules can form in one and two dimensions. The structures studied are based on two or more molecules per unit cell and all structures considered, assemble in flat periodic patterns. Most of the calculations are performed using the density functional theory method. We show that the calculated lattice parameters of the structures considered compare well with those measured experimentally. To specifically check the applicability of the gas-phase approximation, we systematically investigated the adsorption of the molecules on the Au(111) metal surface with the particular attention being paid to the characterisation of the potential energy surface of our molecules on this surface. We performed these calculations using both a conventional functional (PBE) which does not include the dispersion interaction, and the newly developed vdW-DF method which does. We find that the adsorption energies of these flat molecules on the metal surface calculated with the vdW-DF method are effected significantly by the dispersion interaction and depend linearly on the size of the molecules. While the PBE method predicts very weak adsorption energies which do not depend on the sizes of the molecules, the vdW-DF method gives strong binding entirely due to the dispersion interaction. We found that both PBE and vdW-DF methods predict a very small corrugation of the total energy of the molecules on gold. These results support our main assumption of the molecule-surface interaction changing little laterally and resulting in a mobility of the molecules at room temperature on the surface, i.e. the gas-phase modelling is a good approximation for the Au(111) surface.
Lockdown light in: Gabler Wirtschaftslexikon Online (16.11.2020)
Creators: name: Weerth, Carsten
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Pandemic, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Public Health, Europe, Germany, Medical History, Economic History

description: Lockdown light in: Gabler Wirtschaftslexikon Online (16.11.2020) auch Mini-Lockdown, Teil-Lockdown (Wellenbrecher oder Wellenbrecher-Shutdown) oder engl. Circuit-Breaker genannt, wird im Herbst 2020 in Deutschland diskutiert und umgesetzt, um in der COVID-19-Pandemie die Ausbreitung des SARS-CoV-2-Virus zu verlangsamen. Ein vollständiges Herunterfahren des öffentlichen Lebens und der Wirtschaft wie im Frühjahr 2020 (sog. Lockdown) soll in Deutschland vermieden werden, regionale Lockdowns werden allerdings durchgeführt und für angemessen gehalten. Diese werden neben dem Lockdown light durchgeführt, z.B. in den Landkreisen Berchdesgadener Land und Rottal-Inn. Ein Lockdown light oder Mini-Lockdown soll zeitlich stark abgegrenzt landesweit Kontaktbeschränkungen der Menschen im öffentlichen Leben erreichen (kurzfristige Schließung von Bars, Restaurants, Freizeitparks, Kinos, Theatern, Bibliotheken, Fittneszentern, Schwimmbädern, etc.), um die Infektionsketten zu unterbrechen und das exponentielle Wachstum der positiv getesteten Patienten zu verringern.
 In Großbritannien wurde der sog. "Circuit-Breaker" entwickelt und der Lockdown light in Nordirland, Schottland und Wales aber auch in Österreich umgesetzt.
 Zuvor wurde er erfolgreich in Singapur und Neuseeland eingesetzt.
 Beim Mini-Lockdown sollen die Schulen und Kindergärten offengehalten und die Wirtschaft weniger stark einschgeschränkt werden. Ein Lockdown light kann auch mit einem Zeitplan oder Terminkalender verbunden werden, so dass sich Lockdown-Phasen mit Öffnungsphasen abwechseln, sofern diese Pausen vom Infektionsgeschehen gerechtfertigt sind. In Deutschland wird die erste Lockdown light-Phase vom 2.11.2020 bis 30.11.2020 durchgeführt. Verlängerungen oder Lockdown-Phasen mit einem Zeitplan werden Mitte November 2020 wahrscheinlich.
 Die rechtliche Umsetzung obliegt den 16 Bundesländern. Die Bundespolizei unterstützt auf Bitten der Bundesländer die Kontrolle der Kontaktbeschränkungen im öffentlichen Raum. Vgl. Weltwirtschaftskrise, Wirtschaftskrise, Krise der Europäischen Union, Brexit, World Health Organization, Robert-Koch-Institut, Lockdown, Maskenpflicht, COVID-19, Corona-Virus, Corona-Bonds, Corona-Hilfen, Corona-Kabinett, Influenza-Virus, Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C), Pandemie, PandemiefolgenabmilderungsG, Schweres Akutes Respiratorisches Syndrom (SARS), Welthandelsorganisation, Weltzollorganisation, Weltwährungsfonds, United Nations, Virus (Biologie), Virus-Erkrankung, Zoonose, Zweite Welle. Autor: Dr. Carsten Weerth BSc LLM MA FLS FZS FRGS FRHistS Source: https://wirtschaftslexikon.gabler.de/definition/lockdown-light-123119
Topological duality twist and brane instantons in F-theory
Creators: name: Martucci, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A variant of the topological twist, involving SL(2,Z) dualities and hence named topological duality twist, is introduced and explicitly applied to describe a U(1) N=4 super Yang-Mills theory on a Kaehler space with holomorphically space-dependent coupling. Three-dimensional duality walls and two-dimensional chiral theories naturally enter the formulation of the duality twisted theory. Appropriately generalized, this theory is relevant for the study of Euclidean D3-brane instantons in F-theory compactifications. Some of its properties and implications are discussed.
description: 39 pages, 7 figures
title: Phytophthora on Chamaecyparis lawsoniana Murr. (Lawson cypress or Port-Orford-Cedar)
Creators: name: Robin, Cécile
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut, Bundesforschungsinstitut für Kulturpflanzen, Quedlinburg
Year: 2012

description: JKI Data Sheets Plant Pests and Diagnosis; 2012/9
They might tell you if….. Factors influencing a trainee psychologist's information-sharing during supervision
Creators: name: Author, Unknown
Publisher: name: University of Lincoln
Year: 2023

description: This thesis concentrates on factors influencing the trainee psychologist’s information-sharing in supervision sessions as growing evidence indicated that as many as 97.2% of trainees consciously withhold information from their supervisors. This thesis is divided into two sections. The first section contains a journal paper that is ready for submission. The second section, an extended paper, is to be read in conjunction with the journal paper and details information relevant to the research area that could not be presented within the journal paper.The journal paper concentrates on the main literature about non-disclosure in supervision and highlights the gap which this thesis aims to fill. In order to build a theory about information-sharing in supervision Grounded theory embedded within a theory-building case study research design was used to analyse the video-recordings of supervision sessions. The results of analyses showed that factors underpinning information-sharing could be grouped into those attributable to the supervisor and those attributable to the supervisee and could also be divided between those that promote information-sharing, hinder information sharing and those that have a dynamic role in information-sharing. Owing to limited space, however, the results section of the journal paper focuses mostly on factors that were found to have a dynamic role in information-sharing and these results are discussed in connection with the main literature.The extended paper sets the aim of this research project against a wider literature background about supervision in general and non-disclosure specifically. It offers additional information about the methodology and the process of analyses, and also includes discussion about the choice of methodology, more detailed reflections and a description of memo-writing. The results section concentrates on factors that were found to promote and hinder information-sharing attributable to both supervisor and supervisee. Also presented is the first draft of more generic and abstract theory about intentions and information-sharing that was extrapolated from the data and needs to be further elaborated and tested in further research. In addition, the information gained from the analyses of supervision logs is presented. The results section also contains details about a residual category that was formed from three codes not used in final analyses. The discussion therefore relates to the data presented within the extended paper only.
IMPaCT-Data Biomedical Cloud: Towards a federated virtual computing multi-environment for precision medicine in Spain.
Creators: name: Chavero-Díez, María
name: Hornos, Albert
name: Fernandez, Jose Mª
name: Repchevsky, Dmitry
name: Codó, Laia
name: IMPaCT-Data Biomedical Cloud Working Group
name: Valencia, Alfonso
name: Capella-Gutierrez, Salvador
name: Gelpí, Josep Lluis
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2023

description: The Spanish Precision Medicine Infrastructure associated with Science and Technology (IMPaCT), aims to lay the foundations for impulsing precision medicine within the Spanish National Health System. IMPaCT revolves around three main pillars: Predictive Medicine, Data Science and Genomic Medicine. As part of the Data Science program, the IMPaCT-Data Biomedical Cloud is being established for providing a scalable and flexible analysis environment, enabling the integration, management and analysis of clinical, genomic and medical imaging data available within IMPaCT.

 The IMPaCT-Data Biomedical Cloud presents a federated computing environment that provides a range of platforms, including UseGalaxy.* and VRE, with an authentication system based on OIDC (Keycloak) that incorporates Life Sciences Log-in capabilities and is supplemented by an authorization system based on GA4GH Passports.

 IMPaCT-Data Biomedical Cloud main objective is to provide researchers with a robust and efficient computing environment, enabling them to collaborate, analyze data, and share results in a secure and scalable manner and is advancing to finally provide a complete computing environment with included streamlined authentication, fine-grained authorization controls, and flexible platform integration. As part of its continuos work, two videos have been recently published showing the capabilities of the current prototype-based implementation illustrating the analysis of distributed data and the use of GA4GH-based Passports and Visas mechanisms for accessing data across different systems including the use of different identity providers across this federated infrastructure.
The implementation of peer learning in physics utilising undergraduate peer leaders: an in-depth analysis of the effect of participation and the experience of the peer leaders
Creators: name: Johnston, Jennifer
Publisher: name: University of Lincoln
Year: 2023
Subjects: F300 - Physics
X100 - Training teachers
X900 - Others in education

description: Physics Education Research (PER) has shown that students leave the physics classroom holding the same misconceptions about physics they had when they entered. PER has demonstrated that these misconceptions are often deeply held and are difficult to change. The literature indicates that Peer Learning has advantages compared with traditional methods in producing conceptual change and that there are a number of potential benefits for utilising undergraduates as Peer Leaders in Peer Learning programmes. Gartner, Kohler, and Riessman (1971) summarised a number of beneficial cognitive processes that occur when Peer Leaders prepare for Peer Learning sessions. It is believed that in reviewing, organising and teaching the material, they may gain a better understanding of the subject. However, little or no literature exists on the effect participation has on Peer Leaders or their experience of a Peer Learning programme. In particular, few studies determining the effect of participation on the Peer Leaders in physics at third level exist. The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of becoming a Peer Leader, to investigate the experience of becoming a Peer Leader, and to illuminate the implications of using undergraduate Peer Leaders in physics tutorials at third level. A model of Peer Learning was designed and implemented in physics tutorials at the University of Limerick and the Peer Leaders selected for this study had direct experience of undergraduate introductory physics courses. This Peer Learning model involved students working in cooperative groups with an undergraduate Peer Leader as a facilitator of their learning. Training was provided to the Peer Leaders to ensure that they created an environment where the students were actively and productively engaged with the material and with each other. Action research was chosen as the central methodology of this thesis, within this, two cases and several mixed research methods were employed. Conceptual tests, questionnaires, semi-structured interviews and application forms were the methods of data collection. The action cycles of the study contained two different cases of Peer Leaders recruited from the third year classes of students following concurrent science teacher education programmes at the University of Limerick. This thesis presents findings on the effects of participation on the Peer Leaders, their experience of the programme, and the implications for utilising undergraduate Peer Leaders in physics tutorials. Peer Leaders responses on the change in their conceptual understanding are reported along with the benefits that they claim to have experienced. Findings on the Peer Leaders misconceptions in Introductory Physics and their views on how they learn physics as a student and as a teacher are presented.
Taiwan Primary Aldosteronism Study Group
Creators: name: Wu, Vin-Cent
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Primary health care

description: Due to the importance of PA, our research team (Taiwan Primary Aldosteronism Study Group, TAIPAI Study Group) was assembled in 2006 to do multi-discipline research on this important issue. There are more than 2700 cases in our data registry which is a leading group in Asia (update in 2014 Dec). About 150 PA patient is new-diagnosed or referred to our team each year. Patients were enrolled from the following hospitals: TAIPAI included two medical centers (National Taiwan University Hospital (NTUH), Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan) and five regional hospitals (Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Yun- Lin Branch of NTUH, Douliou City, Taiwan; Hsin-Chu Branch of NTUH, Hsin-Chu City, Taiwan; Zhongxing Branch of Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan). The coprincipal investigators in each sites are Vin-Cent Wu1, Tai-Shuan Lai1, Shih-Chieh Jeff Chueh1, Shao-Yu Yang1, Kao-Lang Liu1, Chin-Chen Chang1, Bo-Chiag Lee1, Shuo-Meng Wang1, Kuo-How Huang1, Po-Chih Lin1, Yen-Hung Lin1, Chi-Sheng Hung1, Lian-Yu Lin1, Shih-Cheng Liao1, Ching-Chu Lu1, Chieh-Kai Chan1, Leay-Kiaw Er2, Ya-Hui Hu2, Che-Hsiung Wu2, Yao-Chou Tsai2, Zheng-Wei Chen2, Chien-Ting Pan3, Che-Wei Liao4, Cheng-Hsuan Tsai5, Yi-Yao Chang6, Chen-Hsun Ho7, Wei-Chieh Huang8, Ying-Ying Chen9 National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei Tzu-Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin Branch, Yun-Lin, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Jin-Shan Branch, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. Primary Aldosteronism Center at National Taiwan University Hospital (NTUH-PAC) Since 2023, we have formed NTUH-PAC and the members are Vin-Cent Wu (吳允升), Yen-Hung Lin(林彥宏), Ya-Li Chen(陳雅麗)
Steady-State Axisymmetric MHD Solutions with Various Boundary Conditions
Creators: name: Wang, Lile
name: Lou, Yu-Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Axisymmetric magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) can be invoked for describing astrophysical magnetized flows and formulated to model stellar magnetospheres including main sequence stars (e.g. the Sun), compact stellar objects [e.g. magnetic white dwarfs (MWDs), radio pulsars, anomalous X-ray pulsars (AXPs), magnetars, isolated neutron stars etc.], and planets as a major step forward towards a full three-dimensional model construction. Using powerful and reliable numerical solvers based on two distinct finite-difference method (FDM) and finite-element method (FEM) schemes of algorithm, we examine axisymmetric steady-state or stationary MHD models in Throumoulopoulos & Tasso (2001), finding that their separable semi-analytic nonlinear solutions are actually not unique given their specific selection of several free functionals and chosen boundary conditions. The multiplicity of nonlinear steady MHD solutions gives rise to differences in the total energies contained in the magnetic fields and flow velocity fields as well as in the asymptotic behaviours approaching infinity, which may in turn explain why numerical solvers tend to converge to a nonlinear solution with a lower energy than the corresponding separable semi-analytic one. By properly adjusting model parameters, we invoke semi-analytic and numerical solutions to describe different kind of scenarios, including nearly parallel case and the situation in which the misalignment between the fluid flow and magnetic field is considerable. We propose that these MHD models are capable of describing the magnetospheres of MWDs as examples of applications with moderate conditions (including magnetic field) where the typical values of several important parameters are consistent with observations. We discuss the challenges of developing numerical extrapolation MHD codes in view of nonlinear degeneracy.
description: 21 pages, 13 figures
Dynamical phase transition in the simplest molecular chain model
Creators: name: Malyshev, V. A.
name: Muzychka, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82C26

description: We consider the dynamics of the simplest chain of large number $N$ of particles. We find, in the double scaling limit, the partition of the parameter space onto two domains, where for one domain the supremum (over all time interval $(0,\infty)$ of relative extension tenda to $1$ as $N\to\infty$. and for the other this supremum tends to infinity as $N\to\infty$.
Generalized black diholes
Creators: name: Cabrera-Munguia, I.
name: Lämmerzahl, Claus
name: López, L. A.
name: Macías, Alfredo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A 5-parametric exact solution, describing a binary system composed of identical counter-rotating black holes endowed with opposite electromagnetic charges, is constructed. The addition of the angular momentum parameter to the static Emparan-Teo dihole model introduces magnetic charges into this two-body system. The solution can be considered as an extended model for describing generalized black diholes as dyons. We derive the explicit functional form of the horizon half-length parameter $σ$ as a function of the Komar parameters: Komar mass $M$, electric/magnetic charge $Q_{E }/ Q_{B}$, angular momentum $J$, and a coordinate distance $R$, where the parameters $(M, J, Q_E, Q_B, R)$ characterize the upper constituent of the system, while $(M, -J, -Q_E, -Q_B, R)$ are associated with the lower one. The addition of magnetic charges enhances the standard Smarr mass formula in order to take into account their contribution to the mass. The solution contains, as particular cases, two solutions already discussed in the literature.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, 1 table; accepted in Phys. Rev. D
Seismoelectric effects due to mesoscopic heterogeneities
Creators: name: Jougnot, D.
name: Rubino, J. G.
name: Carbajal, M. Rosas
name: Linde, N.
name: Holliger, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While the seismic effects of wave-induced fluid flow due to mesoscopic heterogeneities have been studied for several decades, the role played by these types of heterogeneities on seismoelectric phenomena is largely unexplored. To address this issue, we have developed a novel methodological framework which allows for the coupling of wave-induced fluid flow, as inferred through numerical oscillatory compressibility tests, with the pertinent seismoelectric conversion mechanisms. Simulating the corresponding response of a water-saturated sandstone sample containing mesoscopic fractures, we demonstrate for the first time that these kinds of heterogeneities can produce measurable seismoelectric signals under typical laboratory conditions. Given that this phenomenon is sensitive to key hydraulic and mechanical properties, we expect that the results of this pilot study will stimulate further exploration on this topic in several domains of the Earth, environmental, and engineering sciences.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
Análise preliminar de um sistema de levitação fluidodinâmico cilindro-disco
Creators: name: Burgos, Arturo
name: Neto, Aristeu Da Silveira
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 91501 Computational Fluid Dynamics
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: Na natureza, são muitos os sistemas e fenômenos físicos os quais podem ser descritos por meio de uma metodologia
matemática-diferencial. Sendo assim, definem-se as equações diferenciais parciais (EDP), condições de contorno e condições iniciais com as quais modela-se o sistema para, em seguida, partir para a análise diferencial do problema.
Visto que problemas como esse são complexos, isto é, requerem mais do que o simples método analítico de resolução, onde a maioria das condições é desprezada ou trivial, faz-se necessário o uso de métodos numéricos. Tais métodos baseiam-se no princípio da discretização numérica. Assim, um elemento que antes era tratado enquanto um dado contínuo, aqui torna-se discreto e finito. São conhecidos diferentes métodos de resolução numérica, como o Método dos Elementos Finitos, Método das Diferenças Finitas e Método dos Volumes Finitos. No presente trabalho, procura-se modelar a levitação acústica preliminar quanto ao comportamento da massa específica, temperatura do ar (enquanto gás ideal) e posição do disco num modelo físico de um sistema cilindro-disco.
Conserved symmetries in noncommutative quantum mechanics
Creators: name: Kupriyanov, V. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a problem of the consistent deformation of physical system introducing a new features, but preserving its fundamental properties. In particular, we study how to implement the noncommutativity of space-time without violation of the rotational symmetry in quantum mechanics or the Lorentz symmetry in f{i}eld theory. Since the canonical (Moyal) noncommutativity breaks the above symmetries one should work with more general case of coordinate-dependent noncommutative spaces, when the commutator between coordinates is a function of these coordinates. F{i}rst we describe in general lines how to construct the quantum mechanics on coordinate-dependent noncommutative spaces. Then we consider the particular examples: the Hydrogen atom on rotationally invariant noncommutative space and the Dirac equation on covariant noncommutative space-time.
description: Proceedings of the Corfou Workshop on noncommutative field theory and gravity, september 2013
The photographer as environmental activist: politics, ethics and beauty in the struggle for environmental remediation
Creators: name: Scott, Conohar
Publisher: name: University of Lincoln
Year: 2023
Subjects: C150 - Environmental biology
C180 - Ecology
V500 - Philosophy
W100 - Fine art
W210 - Graphic design
W213 - Visual communication
W632 - History of photography
W640 - Photography

description: This practice-based research study examines two questions in an effort to determine how the photographer can play a role in the promulgation of environmental activism. Firstly, I ask if certain aesthetic approaches to the documentation of industrial pollution can be regarded as antithetical to the values of environmentalism; in particular, I examine the use of the sublime and the role that beauty plays in documenting scenes of environmental despoliation. In response to this question, I describe the problems associated with establishing a counter-aesthetic position in my artistic practice, which is commensurate with environmental ethics. Secondly, I ask how photography can be used as a means of conducting environmental protest by working in solidarity with environmental scientists and activists, in the struggle for environmental remediation. In a bid to answer this question, I argue that the production and dissemination of the photobook is one method of realising the dissensual capacity of art to bring about the conditions necessary for remediation to occur. Importantly, my practice proceeds through an understanding of debates ongoing in contemporary theory. In particular, I argue that Jacques Rancière’s conceptions of ‘dissensus’ (Rancière, 2010: 173) and the ‘politics of aesthetics’ (Rancière, 2004: 25) can be interpreted as a means of understanding how aesthetics can be used to enact a form of political praxis. Using Rancière and Murray Bookchin’s concept of social ecology as a basis for my artistic practice, I claim that photography can not only make the existent reality of pollution visible, it can also initiate a form of participatory democratic subjectivity, allowing the demands of the artist to become visible too. Moreover, in the design and dissemination of the three photobooks I have created, I make a case for a collaborative model of artistic practice, which extends beyond the medium specificity of photograph, and embraces multimodality and trans-disciplinarity, as a means of situating the photograph into a broader discursive field.
Ultrafast all-optical switching via coherent modulation of metamaterial absorption
Creators: name: Fang, Xu
name: Tseng, Ming Lun
name: Ou, Jun-Yu
name: MacDonald, Kevin F.
name: Tsai, Din Ping
name: Zheludev, Nikolay I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the demonstration of a femtosecond all-optical modulator providing, without nonlinearity and therefore at arbitrarily low intensity, ultrafast light-by-light control. The device engages the coherent interaction of optical waves on a metamaterial nanostructure only 30 nm thick to efficiently control absorption of near-infrared (750-1040 nm) femtosecond pulses, providing switching contrast ratios approaching 3:1 with a modulation bandwidth in excess of 2 THz. The functional paradigm illustrated here opens the path to a family of novel meta-devices for ultra-fast optical data processing in coherent networks.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
title: Phytophthora on Quercus suber L. (cork oak)
Creators: name: Neves, Dina
name: Maia, Christina
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut, Bundesforschungsinstitut für Kulturpflanzen, Quedlinburg
Year: 2012

description: JKI Data Sheets Plant Pests and Diagnosis; 2012/10
The Absolute Magnitude Distribution of Kuiper Belt Objects
Creators: name: Fraser, Wesley C.
name: Brown, Michael E.
name: Morbidelli, Alessandro
name: Parker, Alex
name: Batygin, Konstantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we measure the absolute magnitude distributions (H-distribution) of the dynamically excited and quiescent (hot and cold) Kuiper Belt objects (KBOs), and test if they share the same H-distribution as the Jupiter Trojans. From a compilation of all useable ecliptic surveys, we find that the KBO H-distributions are well described by broken power-laws. The cold population has a bright-end slope, $α_{\textrm{1}}=1.5_{-0.2}^{+0.4}$, and break magnitude, $H_{\textrm{B}}=6.9_{-0.2}^{+0.1}$ (r'-band). The hot population has a shallower bright-end slope of, $α_{\textrm{1}}=0.87_{-0.2}^{+0.07}$, and break magnitude $H_{\textrm{B}}=7.7_{-0.5}^{+1.0}$. Both populations share similar faint end slopes of $α_2\sim0.2$. We estimate the masses of the hot and cold populations are $\sim0.01$ and $\sim3\times10^{-4} \mbox{ M$_{\bigoplus}$}$. The broken power-law fit to the Trojan H-distribution has $α_\textrm{1}=1.0\pm0.2$, $α_\textrm{2}=0.36\pm0.01$, and $H_{\textrm{B}}=8.3$. The KS test reveals that the probability that the Trojans and cold KBOs share the same parent H-distribution is less than 1 in 1000. When the bimodal albedo distribution of the hot objects is accounted for, there is no evidence that the H-distributions of the Trojans and hot KBOs differ. Our findings are in agreement with the predictions of the Nice model in terms of both mass and H-distribution of the hot and Trojan populations. Wide field survey data suggest that the brightest few hot objects, with $H_{\textrm{r'}}\lesssim3$, do not fall on the steep power-law slope of fainter hot objects. Under the standard hierarchical model of planetesimal formation, it is difficult to account for the similar break diameters of the hot and cold populations given the low mass of the cold belt.
description: Accepted to the Astrophysical Journal
Thermal Model and Optimization of a Large Crystal Detector using a Metallic Magnetic Calorimeter
Creators: name: Kim, G. B.
name: Choi, S.
name: Jang, Y. S.
name: Kim, H. J.
name: Kim, Y. H.
name: Kobychev, V. V.
name: Lee, H. J.
name: Lee, J. H.
name: Lee, J. Y.
name: Lee, M. K.
name: Lee, S. J.
name: Yoon, W. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We established a simple thermal model of the heat flow in a large crystal detector designed for a neutrinoless double beta decay experiment. The detector is composed of a CaMoO$_{4}$ crystal and a metallic magnetic calorimeter (MMC). The thermal connection between the absorber and the sensor consists of a gold film evaporated on the crystal surface and gold bonding wires attached to this film and the MMC sensor. The model describes athermal and thermal processes of heat flow to the gold film. A successive experiment based on optimization calculations of the area and thickness of the gold film showed a significant improvement in the size and rise-time of the measured signals.
Apex determination and detection of stellar clumps in the open cluster M 67
Creators: name: Vereshchagin, S. V.
name: Chupina, N. V.
name: Sariya, Devesh P.
name: Yadav, R. K. S.
name: Kumar, Brijesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determined the cluster apex coordinates, studied the substructures and performed membership analysis in the central part (34'X33') of the open cluster M 67. We used the individual stellar apexes method developed earlier and classical technique of proper motion diagrams in coordinate system connected with apex. The neighbour-to-neighbour distance technique was applied to detect space details. The membership list was corrected and some stars were excluded from the most probable members list. The apex coordinates have been determined as: A0=132.97deg+/-0.81deg and D0=11.85deg+/-0.90deg. The 2D-space star density field was analysed and high degree of inhomogeneity was found.
description: 20 Pages, 8 Figures, 7 Tables Accepted for publication to New Astronomy
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon feature deficit of starburst galaxies in the AKARI North Ecliptic Pole Deep Field
Creators: name: Murata, K.
name: Matsuhara, H.
name: Inami, H.
name: Wada, T.
name: Goto, T.
name: Armus, L.
name: Pearson, C.
name: Serjeant, S.
name: Miyaji, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the behaviour of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emission in galaxies at z=0.3-1.4 using 1868 samples from the revised catalogue of AKARI North Ecliptic Pole Deep survey. The continuous filter coverage at 2-24um makes it possible to measure 8um luminosity, which is dominated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emission for galaxies at up to z=2. We compare the IR8 (= LIR/L(8)) and 8um to 4.5um luminosity ratio (L(8)/L(4.5)) with the starburstiness, Rsb, defined as excess of specific star -formation rate over that of main-sequence galaxy. All AGN candidates were excluded from our sample using an SED fitting. We found L(8)/L(4.5) increases with starburstiness at log Rsb < 0.5 and stays constant at higher starburstiness. On the other hand, IR8 is constant at log Rsb < 0, while it increases with starburstiness at log Rsb > 0. This behaviour is seen in all redshift range of our study. These results indicate that starburst galaxies have deficient polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emission compared with main-sequence galaxies. We also find that galaxies with extremely high L(8)/L(4.5) ratio have only moderate starburstiness. These results suggest that starburst galaxies have compact star-forming regions with intense radiation, which destroys PAHs and/or have dusty HII regions resulting in a lack of ionising photons.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
A comparative study of the Boer War conveyed in the 1901 political cartoons of Edward Linley Sambourne in Punch and Jean Veber in L’Assiette au Beurre.
Creators: name: Allison, Kate
Publisher: name: University of Lincoln
Year: 2023
Subjects: P500 - Journalism
V145 - Modern history 1900-1919
V253 - Southern African history

description: Political cartoons as headline representation are in effect a combination of artisticlicence and a critical version of the truth. Linley Sambourne and Jean Veber’s 1901 cartoonson the Boer War for Punch and L’Assiette au Beurre create tensions and dialectic not only onBritish and French feeling about foreign policy in South Africa and at home, but also indicatefine points on each publication’s editorial remit. This comparative study is a mirroringsynthesis of these approaches that sets the Boer War forty five cartoons in context.Whereas Punch’s cartoons are set within a text layout and L’Assiette’s are the textthemselves, both transmit set ideas on The Boer War as ‘sight bite’ news and opinion pieces.Veber’s cartoons offered swift knee-jerk reactions against the ruling elite and the horrors ofBritish cruelty toward Boer prisoners as coverage of the war escalated in 1901. His extremecapturing of the zeitgeist followed the magazine’s editorial bent, but they also reflected hisbrave counter-hegemonic stance towards a French government seeking an alliance with itsBritish counterpart. With this in mind, Antonio Gramsci’s theory on hegemony as applied tojournalism allows the scholar to look at the media from a cultural perspective. This focus isused to show cartoons as representative of conflicts in the fight for power, but this timepublicly conveyed to the readership. Thus, types of truth enhancements in each set of cartoonsindicate the cartoonists’ respective entrenchment with, or detachment from, Imperialinstitutions, thereby signalling emerging attempts of the attitudinal persuasion of the readertoward Punch or L’Assiette’s political leanings.The inclusion of political cartoons in editorial pages was part of the cult of visualattention-grabbing news values that had become professionalised, industrialised andpopularised by the early Twentieth Century. Cartoons can be decoded using Ernst Gombrich’ssix-point filter in order to identify the cartoonist’s method of compressing messages about people and events. A publication’s politics are reflected in the telescoping of exaggeratedopinions – an effective way to pass on an authoritatively saturated message to the readership.Gombrich recognised the power of conveying messages to the audience through seeminglyincongruous placement of figures in odd situations within cartoons. His methodology acts asvisual shorthand for images designed to elicit a desired response to a reported situation as thepublication saw it. In the context of the history of journalism, his psychologically analyticalapproach is appropriate in the appreciation of cartoons’ extremes, often made more acute bythe partisan politics of war.
Jet Shapes with the Broadening Axis
Creators: name: Larkoski, Andrew J.
name: Neill, Duff
name: Thaler, Jesse
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Broadening is a classic jet observable that probes the transverse momentum structure of jets. Traditionally, broadening has been measured with respect to the thrust axis, which is aligned along the (hemisphere) jet momentum to minimize the vector sum of transverse momentum within a jet. In this paper, we advocate measuring broadening with respect to the "broadening axis", which is the direction that minimizes the scalar sum of transverse momentum within a jet. This approach eliminates many of the calculational complexities arising from recoil of the leading parton, and observables like the jet angularities become recoil-free when measured using the broadening axis. We derive a simple factorization theorem for broadening-axis observables which smoothly interpolates between the thrust-like and broadening-like regimes. We argue that the same factorization theorem holds for two-point energy correlation functions as well as for jet shapes based on a "winner-take-all axis". Using kinked broadening axes, we calculate event-wide angularities in e+e- collisions with next-to-leading logarithmic resummation. Defining jet regions using the broadening axis, we also calculate the global logarithms for angularities within a single jet. We find good agreement comparing our calculations both to showering Monte Carlo programs and to automated resummation tools. We give a brief historical perspective on the broadening axis and suggest ways that broadening-axis observables could be used in future jet substructure studies at the Large Hadron Collider.
description: 32 pages + appendices, 11 figures