Psammolyce flava Kinbergi 1856
Creators: name: Cruz-Gómez, Christopher
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Phyllodocida
Sigalionidae
Psammolyce
Psammolyce flava

description: Psammolyce flava Kinberg, 1856
Figs 23–24
Psammolyce flava Kinberg, 1856: 388
Psammolyce flava – Kinberg 1858: 31, pl. 9 fig. 44, pl. 10 fig. 65. — Pettibone 1997: 4, figs 1–3 (syn., redescr.).
Material examined
MEXICO • 1 incomplete spec.; Yucatán shelf; 23°04′ N, 89°56′ W; O/V Justo Sierra; depth 215 m; 27 Nov. 2012; Sara B. Balam leg.; ECOSUR-P3231.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA • 1 incomplete spec., 43 segments, 1.7 cm long, 1.1 cm to segment 30, 0.6 cm wide; Florida; 26°15′ N, 78°48′ W; R/V Gerda, Stn 927; depth 476 m; 29 Sep. 1967; UMML 6720-927.
VENEZUELA • 1 incomplete spec., 45 segments, 2.4 cm long, 1.5 cm to segment 30, 0.6 cm wide; off Los Rayitos Beach; 10°55′ N, 66°18′ W; R/V Pillsbury, Stn 739; depth 257 m; 23 Jul. 1968; UMML 6806-739.
Description (non-type specimen ECOSUR-P3231)
BODY. Pale orange, long, broad (Fig. 23A); 89 segments, 9 cm long, 1.8 cm to segment 30, 0.9 cm wide. Middorsal line visible, not covered with foreign particles (Fig. 23E–F). Venter partially covered only with globular papillae (Fig. 23G).
PROSTOMIUM. Spherical. Two pairs of eyes, anterior eyes larger, inserted antero-ventrally. Lateral antennae short, slender, with short bulbous ceratophores, styles shorter, dorsally fused with tentacular segment, partially covered by median antennal ceratophore (Fig. 23D). Median antenna with bulbous ceratophore, twice as long as prostomium, with transverse ridges; style slender, long, 6× as long as ceratophore. Middorsal lobe of segment II absent. First segment directed anteriorly; fused with tentacular segment; biramous, chaetae simple verticillate. Dorsal tentacular cirri missing, ventral cirrus 2 × as long as neuropodia length; right palp lost, left palp long, reaching segment seven; with inner palpal sheath (Fig. 23C).
ELYTRA. First anterior elytra missing, posterior elytra oval with one medial process and two lateral processes (Fig. 24D), elytral surface with flat and pedunculate globular papillae, elytral margin with short or long dendritic papillae (Fig. 24H–K).
RIGHT PARAPODIUM FROM SEGMENT II (Fig. 23H). Notopodia conical, papillated, short, half as long as neuropodia, notopodial flange leaf-shaped. With up to 150 simple verticillate notochaetae, shortest ones ⅓ as long as notopodia, longest ones 4 × as long (Fig. 23I). Neuropodia conical, papillate, larger than notopodia; with a distal slender appendage, shorter than neuropodia. Neurochaetae only falcigers; all blades bifurcate, unit A with falcate tips: unit A, four falcigers with handles slender with 6 transverse rows of spines, blades long, 24 × as long as wide (Fig. 23J); unit B, two falcigers with handles thick with 6 transverse rows of spines, blades long, 28× as long as wide (Fig. 23K); unit C, four falcigers with handles slender with 9 transverse rows of spines, blades long, 28–30 × as long as wide (Fig. 23L); unit D, eight falcigers with handles slender with 7–8 transverse rows of spines, blades long, 27–30× as long as wide (Fig. 23M).
RIGHT PARAPODIUM FROM SEGMENT III (Fig. 23N). Notopodia conical, papillate, short, ⅓ as long as neuropodia; notopodial flange leaf-shaped, papillate. With up to 100 simple verticillate notochaetae, tips hooked, shortest ones half as long as notopodia, longest ones 4 × as long as notopodia (Fig. 23O). Neuropodia truncated, papillate, larger than notopodia. Neurochaetae only falcigers; all blades bifurcate: unit A, five falcigers with handles thick with transverse rows of denticles, blades long, 11–12 × as long as wide (Fig. 23P); unit B, two neurochaetae with handle thick with 1–2 transverse rows of spines and subdistal transverse rows of denticles, blades lost (Fig. 23Q); unit C, five falcigers with handles slender with subdistal transverse rows of denticles, blades long, 25–26 × as long as wide (Fig. 23R); unit D, 35
falcigers with handles slender, smooth, blade long, 38–40× as long as wide (Fig. 23S).
RIGHT PARAPODIUM FROM SEGMENT 23 (MIDDLE SEGMENT) (Figs 23T, 24A–B). Notopodia truncated, papillate, short, ⅓ as long as neuropodia. With up to 80 simple verticillate notochaetae, shortest ones 3× as long as notopodia, longest ones 5× as long (Figs 23U, 24C). Neuropodia truncated, papillate, larger than notopodia. Neurochaetae only falcigers; all blades bifurcate: Unit A, three falcigers with handles thick with subdistal transverse rows of denticles, blades medium-sized, 8–10× as long as wide (Fig. 23V); unit B, four falcigers with handles thick with subdistal transverse grooves, blades long, 11–12× as long as wide (Figs 23W, 24G); unit C, seven falcigers with handles slender with subdistal transverse rows of denticles, blades medium-sized, 9–10× as long as wide (Fig. 23X); subunit 1, three falcigers with handles thick with subdistal transverse rows of denticles, blades long, 12–13× as long as wide (Fig. 23Y); unit D, five falcigers with handles slender with subdistal transverse rows of denticles, blades long, 15–16 × as long as wide (Figs 23Z, 24E–F).
POSTERIOR REGION. Lost.
Remarks
The original description of P. flava was based on a specimen from Rio de Janeiro and consisted of four lines (Kinberg 1856); later, the description was completed with illustrations, including of the jaws (Kinberg 1858). Hartman (1942a) redescribed the species with specimens from Puerto Rico, and, in the same paper, she suggested that Eupholoe acuminata Treadwell, 1934 should be regarded as a junior synonym of P. flava, she did, however, not study its type material. Subsequently, Pettibone (1997) redescribed P. flava using type and non-type material and kept E. acuminata as a synonym. The holotype of P. flava is from Rio de Janeiro, and the holotype of E. acuminata is from off N British Virgin Islands, indicating that this species has an apparent wide distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. Pettibone (1997) pointed out that the holotype is very damaged.
description: Published as part of Cruz-Gómez, Christopher, 2022, Pelogeniinae Chamberlin, 1919 (Annelida, Sigalionidae) from the Grand Caribbean Region, pp. 1-59 in European Journal of Taxonomy 807 on pages 51-55, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.807.1717, http://zenodo.org/record/6419306