cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Regenerationsinterventionen und deren Wirksamkeit im Sport
Creators: name: Wiewelhove, Thimo
Publisher: name: Ruhr-Universität Bochum
Year: 2023

description: Das Habilitationsvorhaben widmete sich der Frage nach der Evidenz der Wirksamkeit von Regenerationsinterventionen im Sport. Die Ergebnisse der durchgeführten Studien ergaben eine auf gruppenstatistischer Ebene überwiegend geringe bis triviale Evidenz der Wirksamkeit der untersuchten Interventionen. Allerdings waren einzelne Athletinnen und Athleten auffällig, die durch die untersuchten Regenerationsmaßnahmen gegenüber einer Kontrollsituation relevante Vorteile und in seltenen Fällen auch Nachteile erfahren haben und bei denen sich diese Effekte bei mehrfacher Regenerationsanwendung wiederholt zeigten. Außerdem erreichten die meisten Maßnahmen im Mittel wie im Einzelfall einen größeren Effekt auf psychometrische bzw. subjektive Ermüdungsmarker, während die Effekte auf objektive Messwerte deutlich geringer waren. Trotz der im Schnitt geringen bis trivialen Effektstärken können gezielt eingesetzte Regenerationsinterventionen im Leistungs- und Spitzensport sowie im Einzelfall relevant sein (z. B. zur Einstellung von Wohlbefinden und Leistungsbereitschaft sowie zur kurzfristigen Verringerung von Muskelschmerzen).
Experimental Visualization of Dispersion Characteristics of Backward Volume Spin Wave Modes
Creators: name: Gerus, Sergey V.
name: Annenkov, Alexander Yu.
name: Lock, Edwin H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.2
subject: 42A16

description: Basing on the measurement of spatial spectra (spectra of wavenumbers), the dispersion characteristics of the first three modes of backward volume spin wave, propagating along the direction of a constant uniform magnetic field in a tangentially magnetized ferrite film, were visualized firstly. The study was carried out by microwave probing of spin waves with subsequent use of spatial Fourier analysis of the complex wave amplitude for a series of frequencies. It was found that every m-th mode of the backward volume spins wave can be split into n satellite modes due to the existence of layers with similar magnetic parameters in ferrite film. It was found that satellites of the first mode of this wave are excited most effectively, while satellites of the third mode - least effectively, and the effectiveness of satellites excitation decreases as the number n increases. It is found that the theoretical dispersion dependencies of the first three modes of the wave coincide well with the experimental dispersion dependencies of the satellite mode that are excited most effectively.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
Four-dimensional emittance measurement at the Spallation Neutron Source
Creators: name: Hoover, A.
name: Evans, N. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A coasting hadron beam with an elliptical transverse profile, uniform charge density, and small transverse four-dimensional (4D) emittance could improve accelerator performance in several contexts. A phase space painting method to generate such a distribution is being tested in the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) accumulator ring. A critical component of these efforts is to measure the 4D emittance of the beam during accumulation. The 4D emittance can be reconstructed from measured beam profiles in two ways: in the multi-optics method, the optics between a reconstruction and measurement location are varied; in the fixed-optics method, multiple measurement locations are used without modifying the optics. The fixed-optics method is faster but can lead to large uncertainty in the reconstructed 4D emittance. In this paper, we implement a variant of the multi-optics method using the four available wire-scanners near the SNS target. We also modify the wire-scanner region to reduce the uncertainty of the fixed-optics method. We then demonstrate the usefulness of the fixed-optics method by reconstructing the 4D emittance evolution during accumulation in the SNS ring.
Variability and predictability of North Atlantic hurricane frequency in a large ensemble of high-resolution atmospheric simulations
Creators: name: Mei, W.
name: Kamae, Y.
name: Xie, S.-P.
name: Yoshida, K.
Publisher: name: American Meteorological Society
Year: 2019

description: Variability of North Atlantic annual hurricane frequency during 1951-2010 is studied using a 100-member ensemble of climate simulations by a 60-km atmospheric general circulation model that is forced by observed sea surface temperatures (SSTs). The ensemble mean results well capture the interannual-to-decadal variability of hurricane frequency in best track data since 1970, and suggest that the current best track data might underestimate hurricane frequency prior to 1966 when satellite measurements were unavailable. A genesis potential index (GPI) averaged over the main development region (MDR) accounts for more than 80% of the SST-forced variations in hurricane frequency, with potential intensity and vertical wind shear being the dominant factors. In line with previous studies, the difference between MDR SST and tropical mean SST is a useful predictor; a 18C increase in this SST difference produces 7.05 ± 1.39 more hurricanes. The hurricane frequency also exhibits strong internal variability that is systematically larger in the model than observations. The seasonal-mean environment is highly correlated among ensemble members and contributes to less than 10% of the ensemble spread in hurricane frequency. The strong internal variability is suggested to originate from weather to intraseasonal variability and nonlinearity. In practice, a 20-member ensemble is sufficient to capture the SST-forced variability.
Additional file 1 of Diagnosis and treatment of hypertension in dialysis patients: a systematic review
Creators: name: Kim, In Soo
name: Kim, Sungmin
name: Yoo, Tae-Hyun
name: Kim, Jwa-Kyung
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Tropical Cyclone Cold Wake Size and Its Applications to Power Dissipation and Ocean Heat Uptake Estimates
Creators: name: Chavas, D.R.
name: Lin, Y.
name: Zhang, J.
name: Mei, W.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Year: 2019

description: Mixing of the upper ocean by the wind field associated with tropical cyclones (TCs) creates observable cold wakes in sea surface temperature and may potentially influence ocean heat uptake. The relationship between cold wake size and storm size, however, has yet to be explored. Here we apply two objective methods to observed daily sea surface temperature data to quantify the size of TC-induced cold wakes. The obtained cold wake sizes agree well with the TC sizes estimated from the QuikSCAT-R wind field database with a correlation coefficient of 0.51 and 0.59, respectively. Furthermore, our new estimate of the total cooling that incorporates the variations in the cold wake size provides improved estimates of TC power dissipation and TC-induced ocean heat uptake. This study thus highlights the importance of cold wake size in evaluating the climatological effects of TCs.
Bridging a gap between continuum-QCD and ab initio predictions of hadron observables
Creators: name: Binosi, Daniele
name: Chang, Lei
name: Papavassiliou, Joannis
name: Roberts, Craig D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within contemporary hadron physics there are two common methods for determining the momentum-dependence of the interaction between quarks: the top-down approach, which works toward an ab initio computation of the interaction via direct analysis of the gauge-sector gap equations; and the bottom-up scheme, which aims to infer the interaction by fitting data within a well-defined truncation of those equations in the matter sector that are relevant to bound-state properties. We unite these two approaches by demonstrating that the renormalisation-group-invariant running-interaction predicted by contemporary analyses of QCD's gauge sector coincides with that required in order to describe ground-state hadron observables using a nonperturbative truncation of QCD's Dyson-Schwinger equations in the matter sector. This bridges a gap that had lain between nonperturbative continuum-QCD and the ab initio prediction of bound-state properties.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, 1 table
A Train-Like Extreme Multiple Tropical Cyclogenesis Event in the Northwest Pacific in 2004
Creators: name: Mei, W.
name: Chen, G.
name: Huang, G.
name: Chan, J.C.L.
name: Hu, K.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Year: 2018

description: Using observed data sets, an unprecedented multiple tropical cyclogenesis event over the northwest Pacific is identified, with seven tropical cyclones forming in sequence from 6 August to 10 September 2004. In this event, the preexisting tropical cyclones (TCs) generated the alternating cyclonic and anticyclonic disturbances in their wake region by exciting Rossby waves. The cyclonic disturbances subsequently intensified into new TCs within the monsoon trough, which was likely enhanced by anomalous warming in the tropical central Pacific and cooling in the tropical Indian Ocean, so that it lasted long enough to allow seven TCs to develop consecutively. An analysis of the historical records during 1979–2014 substantiates such linkage of the occurrence of this extreme multiple tropical cyclogenesis event to the anomalous sea surface temperature pattern and the monsoon trough. This result has important implications regarding the prediction of the multiple cyclogenesis events.
Robustness of spin-chain state-transfer schemes
Creators: name: Stolze, Joachim
name: Alvarez, Gonzalo A.
name: Osenda, Omar
name: Zwick, Analia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is a shortened and slightly edited version of a chapter in the collection "Quantum State Transfer and Network Engineering", edited by G.M. Nikolopoulos and I. Jex, where we review our own research about the robustness of spin-chain state-transfer schemes along with other approaches to the topic. Since our own research is documented elsewhere to a large extent we here restrict ourselves to a review of other approaches which might be useful to other researchers in the field.
Euclidean-to-Lorentzian wormhole transition and gravitational symmetry breaking in the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model
Creators: name: García-García, Antonio M.
name: Godet, Victor
name: Yin, Can
name: Zheng, Jie Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a two-site Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model with complex couplings and a weak inter-site interaction. At low temperatures, the system is dual to a Euclidean wormhole in Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity plus matter. Interestingly, the energy spectrum becomes real for sufficiently strong inter-site coupling despite the Hamiltonian being non-Hermitian. In gravity, this complex-to-real transition corresponds to a Euclidean-to-Lorentzian transition: a dynamical restoration of the gravitational SL(2,R) symmetry of the Lorentzian wormhole, broken to U(1) in the Euclidean wormhole. We show this by identifying an order parameter for the symmetry breaking and by matching the oscillating patterns of the Green's functions. Above the transition, the system can be continued to Lorentzian signature and is dual to an eternal traversable wormhole. Additionally, we observe a thermal phase transition from the wormhole to two black holes and provide a detailed matching of the associated physical quantities. The analysis of level statistics reveals that in a broad range of parameters the dynamics is quantum chaotic in the universality class of systems with time reversal invariance.
description: 64 pages, v2: published version
Extracting a shape function for a signal with intra-wave frequency modulation
Creators: name: Hou, Thomas Y.
name: Shi, Zuoqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we consider signals with intra-wave frequency modulation. To handle this kind of signals effectively, we generalize our data-driven time-frequency analysis by using a shape function to describe the intra-wave frequency modulation. The idea of using a shape function in time-frequency analysis was first proposed by Wu. A shape function could be any periodic function. Based on this model, we propose to solve an optimization problem to extract the shape function. By exploring the fact that s is a periodic function, we can identify certain low rank structure of the signal. This structure enables us to extract the shape function from the signal. To test the robustness of our method, we apply our method on several synthetic and real signals. The results are very encouraging.
Scaling relations of z~0.25-1.5 galaxies in various environments from the morpho-kinematic analysis of the MAGIC sample
Creators: name: Mercier, W.
name: Epinat, B.
name: Contini, T.
name: Abril-Melgarejo, V.
name: Boogaard, L.
name: Brinchmann, J.
name: Finley, H.
name: Krajnović, D.
name: Michel-Dansac, L.
name: Ventou, E.
name: Bouché, N.
name: Dumoulin, J.
name: Pineda, Juan C. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of galaxies is influenced by many physical processes which may vary depending on their environment. We combine Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and Multi-Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) data of galaxies at 0.25
description: 32 pages, 29 figures, 5 tables, 7 appendices, language checked and appendix table updated (accepted for publication in A&A)
The Mass-Dependence of Angular Momentum Evolution in Sun-Like Stars
Creators: name: Matt, Sean P.
name: Brun, A. Sacha
name: Baraffe, Isabelle
name: Bouvier, Jérôme
name: Chabrier, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To better understand the observed distributions of rotation rate and magnetic activity of sun-like and low-mass stars, we derive a physically motivated scaling for the dependence of the stellar-wind torque on Rossby number. The torque also contains an empirically-derived scaling with stellar mass (and radius), which provides new insight into the mass-dependence of stellar magnetic and wind properties. We demonstrate that this new formulation explains why the lowest mass stars are observed to maintain rapid rotation for much longer than solar-mass stars, and simultaneously, why older populations exhibit a sequence of slowly rotating stars, in which the low-mass stars rotate more slowly than solar-mass stars. The model also reproduces some previously unexplained features in the period-mass diagram for the Kepler field, notably: the particular shape of the "upper envelope" of the distribution, suggesting that ~95% of Kepler field stars with measured rotation periods are younger than ~4 Gyr; and the shape of the "lower envelope," corresponding to the location where stars transition between magnetically saturated and unsaturated regimes.
description: Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal Letters; 6 pages, 3 figures
Atmospheric rivers over the Northwestern Pacific: Climatology and interannual variability
Creators: name: Kamae, Y.
name: Naoi, M.
name: Mei, W.
name: Ueda, H.
name: Xie, S.-P.
Publisher: name: American Meteorological Society
Year: 2017

description: Atmospheric rivers (ARs), conduits of intense water vapor transport in the midlatitudes, are critically important for water resources and heavy rainfall events over the west coast of North America, Europe, and Africa. ARs are also frequently observed over the northwestern Pacific (NWP) during boreal summer but have not been studied comprehensively. Here the climatology, seasonal variation, interannual variability, and predictability of NWP ARs (NWPARs) are examined by using a large ensemble, high-resolution atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) simulation and a global atmospheric reanalysis. The AGCM captures general characteristics of climatology and variability compared to the reanalysis, suggesting a strong sea surface temperature (SST) effect on NWPARs. The summertime NWPAR occurrences are tightly related to El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the preceding winter through Indo-western Pacific Ocean capacitor (IPOC) effects. An enhanced East Asian summer monsoon and a low-level anticyclonic anomaly over the tropical western North Pacific in the post-El Niño summer reinforce low-level water vapor transport from the tropics with increased occurrence of NWPARs. The strong coupling with ENSO and IPOC indicates a high predictability of anomalous summertime NWPAR activity.
Perpendicular and Parallel Phase Separation in Two Species Driven Diffusive Lattice Gases
Creators: name: Yu, Honghao
name: Thijssen, Kristian
name: Jack, Robert L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study three different lattice models in which two species of diffusing particles are driven in opposite directions by an electric field. We focus on dynamical phase transitions that involve phase separation into domains that may be parallel or perpendicular to a driving field. In all cases, the perpendicular state appears for weak driving, consistent with previous work. For strong driving, we introduce two models that support the parallel state. In one model, this state occurs because of the inclusion of dynamical rules that enhance lateral diffusion during collisions; in the other, it is a result of a nearest-neighbour attractive/repulsive interaction between particles of the same/opposite species. We discuss the connections between these results and the behaviour found in off-lattice systems, including laning and freezing by heating.
description: authors' accepted version
D5.2 - PLATOON Service Integration
Creators: name: Hammad Aslam KHAN
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Service Integration
Semantic pipeline
Data Analytics Toolbox
Occupancy prediction
Non-edge scenario
Semantic data models
Templates

description: The purpose of this document is to provide an end-to-end service integration for non-edge scenario of intelligence tool. This includes intelligence tool for non-edge scenario raw data extraction, data collection, semantic model’s relevant concepts and its relationships, semantic transformation of data, and building of the end to end use case for reference implementation in WP5 package.
Cascading traffic jamming in a two-dimensional Motter and Lai model
Creators: name: Cwilich, Gabriel
name: Buldyrev, Sergey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the cascading traffic jamming on a two-dimensional random geometric graph using the Motter and Lai model. The traffic jam is caused by a localized attack incapacitating circular region or a line of a certain size, as well as a dispersed attack on an equal number of randomly selected nodes. We investigate if there is a critical size of the attack above which the network becomes completely jammed due to cascading jamming, and how this critical size depends on the average degree $\langle k\rangle$ of the graph, on the number of nodes $N$ in the system, and the tolerance parameter $α$ of the Motter and Lai model.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
Monitoring Chlorophyll-a in Africa Waterbodies Using DEA Data Cube
Creators: name: Digital Earth Africa
Publisher: name: GEO Knowledge Hub
Year: 2022
Subjects: Sentinel-2
NDVI
MNDVI
Water Quality
Change Monitoring

description:  
What is it about
Inland waterbodies are essential for supporting human life, both through the supply of drinking water and the support of agriculture and aquaculture. Such waterbodies can be contaminated by urban pollutants from the communities living nearby, causing health issues for people and animals. While the health of waterbodies can be monitored from the ground through sampling, satellite imagery can complement this. One particular event that is related to poor water quality is the presence of algal blooms. Specifically, waters with high levels of nutrients from fertilizers, sewage or urban runoff can host large algal blooms. However, there needs to be a well-understood and tested way to link satellite observations to the presence of algal blooms.
A new project to improve access to analysis-ready water data in Africa | Digital Earth Africa
Strategies and Tactics for Monetary Control
Creators: name: Brunner, Karl
name: Meltzer, Allan
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Nearly twenty years have passed since we undertook, at the request of a Congressional committee, to "appraise Federal Reserve policy in the light of the Congressional mandate." See Brunner and Meltzer (1964a, 1964b, 1964c). At the time, there was much less public and professional scrutiny of Federal Reserve decisions and actions. Minutes were not released; money targets were not announced; there were no regularly scheduled oversight hearings; and the weekly and monthly data on the money stock were not the subject of widespread speculation and comment. Market participants, and many economists, used the level or direction of change in short-term market interest rates and free reserves - total reserves minus required reserves and member-bank borrowing - as the principal measures of monetary "tightness" or "ease." Much of the professional criticism was limited to comments about excessive or insufficient "tightness" or "ease" during particular periods.
Symbol-Decision Successive Cancellation List Decoder for Polar Codes
Creators: name: Xiong, Chenrong
name: Lin, Jun
name: Yan, Zhiyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Polar codes are of great interests because they provably achieve the capacity of both discrete and continuous memoryless channels while having an explicit construction. Most existing decoding algorithms of polar codes are based on bit-wise hard or soft decisions. In this paper, we propose symbol-decision successive cancellation (SC) and successive cancellation list (SCL) decoders for polar codes, which use symbol-wise hard or soft decisions for higher throughput or better error performance. First, we propose to use a recursive channel combination to calculate symbol-wise channel transition probabilities, which lead to symbol decisions. Our proposed recursive channel combination also has a lower complexity than simply combining bit-wise channel transition probabilities. The similarity between our proposed method and Arikan's channel transformations also helps to share hardware resources between calculating bit- and symbol-wise channel transition probabilities. Second, a two-stage list pruning network is proposed to provide a trade-off between the error performance and the complexity of the symbol-decision SCL decoder. Third, since memory is a significant part of SCL decoders, we propose a pre-computation memory-saving technique to reduce memory requirement of an SCL decoder. Finally, to evaluate the throughput advantage of our symbol-decision decoders, we design an architecture based on a semi-parallel successive cancellation list decoder. In this architecture, different symbol sizes, sorting implementations, and message scheduling schemes are considered. Our synthesis results show that in terms of area efficiency, our symbol-decision SCL decoders outperform both bit- and symbol-decision SCL decoders.
description: 13 pages, 17 figures
Thawing k-essence dark energy in the PAge space
Creators: name: Huang, Zhiqi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.2
subject: 83F05

description: A broad class of dark energy models can be written in the form of k-essence, whose Lagrangian density is a two-variable function of a scalar field $ϕ$ and its kinetic energy $X\equiv \frac{1}{2}\partial^μϕ\partial_μϕ$. In the thawing scenario, the scalar field becomes dynamic only when the Hubble friction drops below its mass scale in the late universe. Thawing k-essence dark energy models can be randomly sampled by generating the Taylor expansion coefficients of its Lagrangian density from random matrices \cite{thaws}. Ref. \cite{thaws} points out that the non-uniform distribution of effective equation of state parameters $(w_0, w_a)$ of thawing k-essence model can be used to improve the statistics of model selection. The present work studies the statistics of thawing k-essence in a more general framework that is Parameterized by the Age of the universe (PAge) \cite{PAge}. For fixed matter fraction $Ω_m$, the random thawing k-essence models cluster in a narrow band in the PAge parameter space, providing a strong theoretical prior. We simulate cosmic shear power spectrum data for the Chinese Space Station Telescope optical survey, and compare the fisher forecast with and without the theoretical prior of thawing k-essence. For an optimal tomography binning scheme, the theoretical prior improves the figure of merit in PAge space by a factor of $3.3$.
description: 24 pages, 5 figures, submission invited by Commun. Theor. Phys
Quenching the XXZ spin chain: quench action approach versus generalized Gibbs ensemble
Creators: name: Mestyan, M.
name: Pozsgay, B.
name: Takacs, G.
name: Werner, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following our previous work [PRL 113 (2014) 09020] we present here a detailed comparison of the quench action approach and the predictions of the generalized Gibbs ensemble, with the result that while the quench action formalism correctly captures the steady state, the GGE does not give a correct description of local short-distance correlation functions. We extend our studies to include another initial state, the so-called q-dimer state. We present important details of our construction, including new results concerning exact overlaps for the dimer and q-dimer states, and we also give an exact solution of the quench-action-based overlap-TBA for the q-dimer. Furthermore, we extend our computations to include the xx spin correlations besides the zz correlations treated previously, and give a detailed discussion of the underlying reasons for the failure of the GGE, especially in the light of new developments.
description: 42 pages, 6 figures, revtex4-1 class
Climatological relationship between warm season atmospheric rivers and heavy rainfall over east asia
Creators: name: Xie, S.-P.
name: Mei, W.
name: Kamae, Y.
Publisher: name: Meteorological Society of Japan
Year: 2017

description: Eddy transport of atmospheric water vapor from the tropics is important for rainfall and related natural disasters in the middle latitudes. Atmospheric rivers (ARs), intense moisture plumes that are typically associated with extratropical cyclones, often produce heavy precipitation upon encountering topography on the west coasts of mid-latitude North America and Europe. ARs also occur over the northwestern Pacific and sometimes cause floods and landslides over East Asia, but the climatological relationship between ARs and heavy rainfall in this region remains unclear. Here we evaluate the contribution of ARs to the hydrological cycle over East Asia using high-resolution daily rainfall observations and an atmospheric reanalysis during 1958-2007. Despite their low occurrence, ARs account for 14-44 % of the total rainfall and 20-90 % of extreme heavy-rainfall events during spring, summer, and autumn. AR-related extreme rainfall is especially pronounced over western-to-southeastern slopes of terrains over the Korean Peninsula and Japan, owing to strong orographic effects and a stable direction of low-level moisture flows. A strong relationship between warm-season AR heavy rainfall and preceding-winter El Niño is identified since the 1970s, suggesting the potential of predicting heavy-rainfall risk over Korea and Japan at seasonal leads.
ABOUT DIALECTAL WORDS IN UZBEK AND THEIR SEMANTIC ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Eshboyeva Feruza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This article delves into the rich tapestry of dialectal words in the Uzbek language and conducts a comprehensive semantic analysis of these linguistic phenomena. Uzbek, a Turkic language, exhibits remarkable lexical diversity due to its various dialects. The study investigates the etymological origins, regional variations, and semantic nuances of dialectal words within Uzbek, shedding light on the intricate web of cultural and historical influences that have shaped this linguistic diversity. By employing linguistic tools and methodologies, this research offers a deeper understanding of the intricate relationship between dialects and the broader Uzbek language, contributing to the preservation and appreciation of linguistic heritage.
Imperfect draining vortex as analogue extreme compact object
Creators: name: Torres, Theo
name: Patrick, Sam
name: Gregory, Ruth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent experimental progress, we study scalar wave propagation over an imperfect draining vortex, which can serve as an analogue for rotating and non-rotating extreme compact objects (ECOs). We encapsulate the absorbing properties of the analogue ECO by means of an effective boundary located around the analogue horizon. The presence of reflection at the effective boundary, characterised by a single parameter $\mathcal{K}$, allows for the existence of bound states located between the effective vortex core and the angular momentum barrier. The existence of these bound states leads to an enhanced absorption when the frequency of the incoming wave matches bound state frequencies, which result in Breit-Wigner type spectral lines in the absorption spectra. We also investigate the case of rotating analogue ECOs. In this scenario, some of the bound states undergo superradiant amplification and become unstable. In both the rotating and non-rotating case, we calculate numerically transmission/reflection spectra exhibiting the enhanced absorption/amplification. We complement our numerical study with WKB estimates as well as an extension of the Pöschl-Teller toy model which we solve analytically. Our simple model exhibits distinctive properties which could be observed in future analogue gravity experiments. We further argue that the observation of the spectral lines could be a way to characterise the effective field theory at play in the vicinity of the vortex core.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
Spey: smooth inference for reinterpretation studies
Creators: name: Araz, Jack Y.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Statistical models are at the heart of any empirical study for hypothesis testing. We present a new cross-platform Python-based package which employs different likelihood prescriptions through a plug-in system. This framework empowers users to propose, examine, and publish new likelihood prescriptions without developing software infrastructure, ultimately unifying and generalising different ways of constructing likelihoods and employing them for hypothesis testing, all in one place. Within this package, we propose a new simplified likelihood prescription that surpasses its predecessors' approximation accuracy by incorporating asymmetric uncertainties. Furthermore, our package facilitates the inclusion of various likelihood combination routines, thereby broadening the scope of independent studies through a meta-analysis. By remaining agnostic to the source of the likelihood prescription and the signal hypothesis generator, our platform allows for the seamless implementation of packages with different likelihood prescriptions, fostering compatibility and interoperability.
Hidden symmetries and nonlinear constitutive relations for tight-coupling heat engines
Creators: name: Sheng, Shiqi
name: Tu, Z. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Typical heat engines exhibit a kind of homotypy: The heat exchanges between a cyclic heat engine and its two heat reservoirs abide by the same function type; the forward and backward flows of an autonomous heat engine also conform to the same function type. This homotypy mathematically reflects in the existence of hidden symmetries for heat engines. The heat exchanges between the cyclic heat engine and its two reservoirs are dual under the joint transformation of parity inversion and time-reversal operation. Similarly, the forward and backward flows in the autonomous heat engine are also dual under the parity inversion. With the consideration of these hidden symmetries, we derive a generic nonlinear constitutive relation up to the quadratic order for tight-coupling cyclic heat engines and that for tight-coupling autonomous heat engines, respectively.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1404.7008
Style-Based Reuse for Software Architectures
Creators: name: Monroe, Robert T.
name: Garlan, David
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Although numerous mechanisms for promoting software reuse have been proposed and implemented over the years, most have focused on the reuse of implementation code. There is much conjecture and some empirical evidence, however, that the most effective forms of reuse are generally found at more abstract levels of software design. We discuss software reuse at the architectural level of design. Specifically, we argue that the concept of "architectural style" is useful for supporting the classification, storage, and retrieval of reusable architectural design elements. We briefly describe the Aesop system's Software Shelf (D. Garlan et al., 1994), a tool that assists designers in selecting appropriate design elements and patterns based on stylistic information and design constraints.
Flops of any length, Gopakumar-Vafa invariants, and 5d Higgs Branches
Creators: name: Collinucci, Andrés
name: De Marco, Mario
name: Sangiovanni, Andrea
name: Valandro, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The conifold is a basic example of a noncompact Calabi-Yau threefold that admits a simple flop, and in M-theory, gives rise to a 5d hypermultiplet at low energies, realized by an M2-brane wrapped on the vanishing sphere. We develop a novel gauge-theoretic method to construct new classes of examples that generalize the simple flop to so-called length l=1,...,6. The method allows us to naturally read off the Gopakumar-Vafa invariants. Although they share similar properties to the beloved conifold, these threefolds are expected to admit M2-bound states of higher degree. We demonstrate this through our computations of the GV invariants. Furthermore we fully characterize the associated Higgs branches by computing their dimensions and flavor groups. With our techniques we extract more refined data such as the charges of the hypers under the flavor group.
Intensification of landfalling typhoons over the northwest Pacific since the late 1970s
Creators: name: Mei, W.
name: Xie, S.-P.
Publisher: name: Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2016

description: Intensity changes in landfalling typhoons are of great concern to East and Southeast Asian countries. Regional changes in typhoon intensity, however, are poorly known owing to inconsistencies among different data sets. Here, we apply cluster analysis to bias-corrected data and show that, over the past 37 years, typhoons that strike East and Southeast Asia have intensified by 12-15%, with the proportion of storms of categories 4 and 5 having doubled or even tripled. In contrast, typhoons that stay over the open ocean have experienced only modest changes. These regional changes are consistent between operational data sets. To identify the physical mechanisms, we decompose intensity changes into contributions from intensification rate and intensification duration. We find that the increased intensity of landfalling typhoons is due to strengthened intensification rates, which in turn are tied to locally enhanced ocean surface warming on the rim of East and Southeast Asia. The projected ocean surface warming pattern under increasing greenhouse gas forcing suggests that typhoons striking eastern mainland China, Taiwan, Korea and Japan will intensify further. Given disproportionate damages by intense typhoons, this represents a heightened threat to people and properties in the region.
Photonic Architectures for Equilibrium High-Temperature Bose-Einstein Condensation in Dichalcogenide Monolayers
Creators: name: Jiang, Jian-Hua
name: John, Sajeev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semiconductor-microcavity polaritons are composite quasiparticles of excitons and photons, emerging in the strong coupling regime. As quantum superpositions of matter and light, polaritons have much stronger interparticle interactions compared with photons, enabling rapid equilibration and Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC). Current realizations based on 1D photonic structures, such as Fabry-Pérot microcavities, have limited light-trapping ability resulting in picosecond polariton lifetime. We demonstrate, theoretically, above-room-temperature (up to 590 K) BEC of long-lived polaritons in MoSe$_2$ monolayers sandwiched by simple TiO$_2$ based 3D photonic band gap (PBG) materials. The 3D PBG induces very strong coupling of 40 meV (Rabi splitting of 62 meV) for as few as three dichalcogenide monolayers. Strong light-trapping in the 3D PBG enables the long-lived polariton superfluid to be robust against fabrication-induced disorder and exciton line-broadening.
Northwestern Pacific typhoon intensity controlled by changes in ocean temperatures
Creators: name: McWilliams, J.C.
name: Primeau, F.
name: Pasquero, C.
name: Xie, S.-P.
name: Mei, W.
Publisher: name: American Association for the Advancement of Science
Year: 2015

description: Dominant climatic factors controlling the lifetime peak intensity of typhoons are determined from six decades of Pacific typhoon data. We find that upper ocean temperatures in the low-latitude northwestern Pacific (LLNWP) and sea surface temperatures in the central equatorial Pacific control the seasonal average lifetime peak intensity by setting the rate and duration of typhoon intensification, respectively. An anomalously strong LLNWP upper ocean warming has favored increased intensification rates and led to unprecedentedly high average typhoon intensity during the recent global warming hiatus period, despite a reduction in intensification duration tied to the central equatorial Pacific surface cooling. Continued LLNWP upper ocean warming as predicted under a moderate [that is, Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5] climate change scenario is expected to further increase the average typhoon intensity by an additional 14% by 2100.
Succinct Relaxations for Some Discrete Problems
Creators: name: Hooker, John N.
name: Kim, Hak-Jin
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: A discrete problem can be relaxed by taking the continuous relaxation of an integer
programming formulation. An equivalent relaxation is obtained by projecting this relaxation onto the original continuous variables. The projection is simple for piecewise linear
functions, fixed charge problems and some disjunctive constraints. This allows one to
solve much smaller relaxations without sacrificing the quality of bounds. In particular the
projected relaxations for some classical network design and warehouse location problems
are minimum cost network
ow problems, a fact that can dramatically accelerate their
solution.
Targeting vs. Instrument Rules for Monetary Policy
Creators: name: McCallum, Bennett T.
name: Nelson, Edward
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Svensson (2003) argues strongly that specific targeting rules—first-order optimality conditions
for a specific objective function and model—are normatively superior to instrument rules for the
conduct of monetary policy. That argument is based largely on four main objections to the latter,
plus a claim concerning the relative interest-instrument variability entailed by the two approaches.
The present paper considers the four objections in turn and advances arguments that contradict
all of them. Then, in the paper’s analytical sections, it is demonstrated that the variability claim
is incorrect, for a neo-canonical model and also for a variant with one-period-ahead plans used by
Svensson, providing that the same decisionmaking errors are relevant under the two alternative
approaches. Arguments relating to general targeting rules and actual central bank practice are also
included.
Maximum Likelihood SNR Estimation of Linearly-Modulated Signals over Time-Varying Flat-Fading SIMO Channels
Creators: name: Bellili, Faouzi
name: Meftehi, Rabii
name: Affes, Sofiene
name: Stephenne, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we tackle for the first time the problem of maximum likelihood (ML) estimation of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) parameter over time-varying single-input multiple-output (SIMO) channels. Both the data-aided (DA) and the non-data-aided (NDA) schemes are investigated. Unlike classical techniques where the channel is assumed to be slowly time-varying and, therefore, considered as constant over the entire observation period, we address the more challenging problem of instantaneous (i.e., short-term or local) SNR estimation over fast time-varying channels. The channel variations are tracked locally using a polynomial-in-time expansion. First, we derive in closed-form expressions the DA ML estimator and its bias. The latter is subsequently subtracted in order to obtain a new unbiased DA estimator whose variance and the corresponding Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB) are also derived in closed form. Due to the extreme nonlinearity of the log-likelihood function (LLF) in the NDA case, we resort to the expectation-maximization (EM) technique to iteratively obtain the exact NDA ML SNR estimates within very few iterations. Most remarkably, the new EM-based NDA estimator is applicable to any linearly-modulated signal and provides sufficiently accurate soft estimates (i.e., soft detection) for each of the unknown transmitted symbols. Therefore, hard detection can be easily embedded in the iteration loop in order to improve its performance at low to moderate SNR levels. We show by extensive computer simulations that the new estimators are able to accurately estimate the instantaneous per-antenna SNRs as they coincide with the DA CRLB over a wide range of practical SNRs.
description: 38 pages, 8 figures, Extended Version of a paper recently accepted for publication in IEEE Trans. on Signal Processing, 2014
Task, Technology, and Group Performance
Creators: name: Goodman, Paul S.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The goal of this chapter is to better understand the role of task and technology in models of group performance.. We want to carefully delineate the meaning of the task and technology variables and their interrelationship.. We want to carefully think about how these variables work in a model of group performance .. Our ultimate goal is to provide an intellectual guide for the reader as he or she tackles the problem of understanding factors that contribute to effective groups in organization.
Bayesian and Frequentist Methodologies in Collider Physics with pyhf
Creators: name: Horstmann, Malin Elisabeth
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Collider physics analyses have historically favored frequentist statistical methodologies, with some exceptions of Bayesian inference in LHC analyses through use of the Bayesian Analysis Toolkit (BAT). In an effort to allow for advanced Bayesian methodologies for binned statistical models based on the HistFactory framework, which is often used in High-Energy physics, we developed the Python package Bayesian_pyhf. It allows for the evaluation of models built using pyhf, a pure Python implementation of the HistFactory framework, with the Python library PyMC. Based on Monte Carlo Chain Methods, PyMC enables Bayesian modeling and together with the arviz library offers a wide range of Bayesian analysis tools. Utilizing the frequentist analysis methodologies already present with pyhf, we demonstrate how Bayesian_pyhf can be used for the parallel Bayesian and frequentist evaluation of binned statistical models within the same framework.
De-channeling in terms of instantaneous transition rates -- Computer simulations for 855 MeV electrons at (110) planes of diamond
Creators: name: Backe, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Monte-Carlo simulation calculation have been performed for 855 MeV electrons channeling in (110) planes of a diamond single crystal. The continuum potential picture has been utilized. Both, the transverse potential and the angular distributions of the scattered electrons at screened atoms are based on the Doyle-Turner scattering factors which were extrapolated with the functional dependence of the Molière representation to large momentum transfers. Scattering cross-sections at bound electrons have been derived for energies less than 30 keV from the double differential cross-section as function of both, energy and momentum transfer, taking into account also longitudinal and transverse excitations. For energies above 30 keV the Møller cross-section is used. The dynamics of the particle in the continuum transverse potential has been described classically. Results of the channeling process are presented in terms of instantaneous transition rates as function of the penetration depth, indicating that channeling can be described by a single exponential function only after the equilibration phase has been reached after about 15 $μ$m. As a byproduct, improved drift and diffusion coefficients entering the Fokker-Planck equation have been derived with which its predictive power can be improved.