cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mpemba effect in molecular gases under nonlinear drag
Creators: name: Santos, Andrés
name: Prados, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We look into the Mpemba effect---the initially hotter sample cools sooner---in a molecular gas with nonlinear viscous drag. Specifically, the gas particles interact among them via elastic collisions and also with a background fluid at equilibrium. Thus, within the framework of kinetic theory, our gas is described by an Enskog--Fokker--Planck equation. The analysis is carried out in the first Sonine approximation, in which the evolution of the temperature is coupled to that of the excess kurtosis. This coupling leads to the emergence of the Mpemba effect, which is observed in an early stage of the relaxation and when the initial temperatures of the two samples are close enough. This allows for the development of a simple theory, linearizing the temperature evolution around a reference temperature---namely the initial temperature closer to the asymptotic equilibrium value. The linear theory provides a semiquantitative description of the effect, including expressions for the crossover time and the maximum temperature difference. We also discuss the limitations of our linearized theory.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures; v2: subfigures for the evolution of $a_2$ added, plus other minor changes. Special issue in memory of Prof. Jason Reese
Zum anaphorischen Fürbittgebet der ostsyrischen Liturgie der Apostel Addaj und Mar(j)
Creators: name: Engberding, Hieronymus
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 41 (1957): Oriens christianus, Band 41
Additional file 2 of Effects of Supervised Early Resistance Training versus standard care on cognitive recovery following cardiac surgery via median sternotomy (the SEcReT study): protocol for a randomised controlled pilot study
Creators: name: Pengelly, Jacqueline M. S.
name: Royse, Alistair G.
name: Bryant, Adam L.
name: Williams, Gavin P.
name: Tivendale, Lynda J.
name: Dettmann, Timothy J.
name: Canty, David J.
name: Royse, Colin F.
name: Doa A. El-Ansary
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Resistance Training Program Exercises (Weeks 1-6)
Dynamical response of the Hodgkin-Huxley model in the high-input regime
Creators: name: Luccioli, Stefano
name: Kreuz, Thomas
name: Torcini, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The response of the Hodgkin-Huxley neuronal model subjected to stochastic uncorrelated spike trains originating from a large number of inhibitory and excitatory post-synaptic potentials is analyzed in detail. The model is examined in its three fundamental dynamical regimes: silence, bistability and repetitive firing. Its response is characterized in terms of statistical indicators (interspike-interval distributions and their first moments) as well as of dynamical indicators (autocorrelation functions and conditional entropies). In the silent regime, the coexistence of two different coherence resonances is revealed: one occurs at quite low noise and is related to the stimulation of subthreshold oscillations around the rest state; the second one (at intermediate noise variance) is associated with the regularization of the sequence of spikes emitted by the neuron. Bistability in the low noise limit can be interpreted in terms of jumping processes across barriers activated by stochastic fluctuations. In the repetitive firing regime a maximization of incoherence is observed at finite noise variance. Finally, the mechanisms responsible for spike triggering in the various regimes are clearly identified.
description: 14 pages, 24 figures in eps, submitted to Physical Review E
Solar Thermoradiative-Photovoltaic Energy Conversion
Creators: name: Tervo, Eric J.
name: Callahan, William A.
name: Toberer, Eric S.
name: Steiner, Myles A.
name: Ferguson, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a solar thermal energy conversion system consisting of a solar absorber, a thermoradiative cell or negative illumination photodiode, and a photovoltaic cell. Because it is a heat engine, this system can also be paired with thermal storage to provide reliable electricity generation. Heat from the solar absorber drives radiative recombination current in the thermoradiative cell, and its emitted light is absorbed by the photovoltaic cell to provide an additional photocurrent. Based on the principle of detailed balance, we calculate a limiting solar conversion efficiency of 85% for fully concentrated sunlight and 45% for one sun with an absorber and single-junction cells of equal areas. Ideal and nonideal solar thermoradiative-photovoltaic systems outperform solar thermophotovoltaic converters for low bandgaps and practical absorber temperatures. Their performance enhancement results from a high tolerance to nonradiative generation/recombination and an ability to minimize radiative heat losses. We show that a realistic device with all major losses could achieve increases in solar conversion efficiency by up to 7.9% (absolute) compared to a solar thermophotovoltaic device under low optical concentration. Our results indicate that these converters could serve as efficient heat engines for low cost single axis tracking systems.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures
Simultaneous transverse oscillations of a coronal loop and a filament excited by a circular-ribbon flare
Creators: name: Zhang, Q. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To investigate the excitation of kink oscillations in coronal loops and filaments, a C3.4 circular-ribbon flare (CRF) associated with a blowout jet in active region 12434 on 2015 October 16 is analyzed. The flare excited small-amplitude kink oscillation of a remote coronal loop. The oscillation lasted for $\ge$4 cycles without significant damping. The amplitude and period are 0.3$\pm$0.1 Mm and 207$\pm$12 s. Interestingly, the flare also excited transverse oscillation of a remote filament. The oscillation lasted for $\sim$3.5 cycles with decaying amplitudes. The initial amplitude is 1.7$-$2.2 Mm. The period and damping time are 437$-$475 s and 1142$-$1600 s. The starting times of simultaneous oscillations of coronal loop and filament were concurrent with the hard X-ray peak time. Though small in size and short in lifetime, the flare set off a chain reaction. It generated a bright secondary flare ribbon (SFR) in the chromosphere, remote brightening (RB) that was cospatial with the filament, and intermittent, jet-like flow propagating in the northeast direction. The loop oscillation is most probably excited by the flare-induced blast wave at a speed of $\ge$1300 km s$^{-1}$. The excitation of the filament oscillation is more complicated. The blast wave triggers secondary magnetic reconnection far from the main flare, which not only heats the local plasma to higher temperatures (SFR and RB), but produces jet-like flow (i.e., reconnection outflow) as well. The filament is disturbed by the secondary magnetic reconnection and experiences transverse oscillation. The findings give new insight into the excitation of transverse oscillations of coronal loops and filaments.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in A&A
Resonance radiative decays as a tool for its parity determination
Creators: name: Ioffe, B. L.
name: Samsonov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radiative decays of the spin 1/2 baryonic resonances R with the decay mode R -> KN in case of small energy release are considered. Pentaquark is an example of such resonance. It is shown that in case of positive resonance parity corrections to the soft photon radiation formula are large even at low photon energies > 20 MeV and structure terms contributions may be essential, if R size > 1 fm. This effect is absent in case of negative parity. Particularly, measurements of the gamma spectrum in pentaquark radiative decays may allow us to determine its parity.
description: 5 pages
Additional file 3 of Effects of Supervised Early Resistance Training versus standard care on cognitive recovery following cardiac surgery via median sternotomy (the SEcReT study): protocol for a randomised controlled pilot study
Creators: name: Pengelly, Jacqueline M. S.
name: Royse, Alistair G.
name: Bryant, Adam L.
name: Williams, Gavin P.
name: Tivendale, Lynda J.
name: Dettmann, Timothy J.
name: Canty, David J.
name: Royse, Colin F.
name: Doa A. El-Ansary
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. Resistance Training Program Exercises (Weeks 7-12)
n-body dynamics of stabilized vector solitons
Creators: name: Montesinos, Gaspar D.
name: Rodas-Verde, Maria I.
name: Perez-Garcia, Victor M.
name: Michinel, Humberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we study the interactions between stabilized Townes solitons. By means of effective Lagrangian methods, we have found that the interactions between these solitons are governed by central forces, in a first approximation. In our numerical simulations we describe different types of orbits, deflections, trapping and soliton splitting. Splitting phenomena are also described by finite dimensional reduced models. All these effects could be used for potential applications of stabilized solitons.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures, submitted to Chaos
Verso la catastrofe. I carteggi diplomatici di Machiavelli e di Guicciardini con Firenze prima del sacco di Roma (febbraio-aprile 1527)
Creators: name: Marchand, Jean-Jacques
Publisher: name: Consonanze
Year: 2021

description: -
description: Consonanze, V. 13: "Ragionare sullo stato". Studi su Machiavelli, a cura di Anna Maria Cabrini (Consonanze, 13)
Blountina Lochman, in Lochman & Duncan 1944
Creators: name: Westrop, Madison Armstrong Stephen R.
name: Eoff, Jennifer D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Trilobita
Ptychopariida
Asaphiscidae
Blountina

description: Genus Blountina Lochman, in Lochman & Duncan, 1944
 Type species. Blountina eleanora Lochman, in Lochman & Duncan, 1944 from the Pilgrim Formation, Half Moon Pass, Big Snowy Mountains, Montana (by original designation).
 Diagnosis. Strongly furrowed with long anterior cranidial border occupying 62% (60–66) of short frontal area. Tips of posterolateral projection strongly deflected backward. Pygidial border furrow nearly effaced; border flexed steeply downward.
 Discussion. Opinions on Blountina Lochman have varied. Shaw (1952) considered the genus to be a junior synonym of Protillaenus Raymond 1937, whereas Rasetti (1956) treated both Blountina and Protillaenus as synonyms of Maryvillia. Restudy of the type species, Blountina eleanora Lochman (Pls 26, 27), shows that it lacks the synapomorphies of Maryvillia (see above) and the structure of the cladogram allows Blountina to be retained for the present as a monotypic genus. A broader analysis of Kingstoniidae may help clarify its status. Cranidial characters that might diagnose Blountina include a long anterior border occupying slight more than 60% of the short frontal area, and strongly deflected tips of the posterolateral projection. The grade of effacement of the pleural field and border furrow of the pygidium (Pl. 27) resembles the condition in Kingstonia (e.g., K. gaspensis; Fig. 1.6, 1.7), as does the strong downward flexure of the border. Although the pygidial axis is mostly effaced in K. gaspensis, other species retain a convex axis similar to that of B. eleanora (e.g., Rasetti 1946, pl. 69, fig. 31).
 Blountina triangularis Lochman in Lochman & Duncan is closely related to M. arion (Fig. 2), and both species are assigned to Maryvillia as revised in this study (see discussion above). Protillaenus is based on poorly preserved material (e.g., Shaw 1952, pl. 57, figs 14, 15), and the name is best restricted to the types.
description: Published as part of Westrop, Madison Armstrong Stephen R. & Eoff, Jennifer D., 2020, Systematics of a survivor: the Cambrian kingstoniid trilobite Blountia Walcott, 1916 across the Marjuman-Steptoean (Guzhangian-Paibian) extinction interval in Laurentian North America, pp. 1-79 in Zootaxa 4804 (1) on page 23, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4804.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3927094
Die Selbstanklagen Ephräms des Syrers in griechischer Überlieferung
Creators: name: Võõbus, Arthur
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 41 (1957): Oriens christianus, Band 41
An Overview of Marketing of Ghana Natural Products
Creators: name: Govindasamy, Ramu
name: Onyango, Benjamin M.
name: Puduri, Venkata S.
name: Simon, James E.
name: Juliani, H. Rodolfo
name: Asante-Dartey, Juliana
name: Arthur, Hanson
name: Diawuo, Bismarck
name: Acquaye, Dan
name: Govindasamy, Ramu
name: Onyango, Benjamin M.
name: Puduri, Venkata S.
name: Simon, James E.
name: Juliani, H. Rodolfo
name: Asante-Dartey, Juliana
name: Arthur, Hanson
name: Diawuo, Bismarck
name: Acquaye, Dan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The study finds strong correlations between natural products business performance and the impeding factors. The impediments include access to finance and markets, lack of herbal market information especially relating to external markets. Additionally, there is lack of processing capacity, while at the same time most if not all the natural products business operators lack technical training relating to product handling. However, there is big potential for success, the top ten traded natural products, may be exploited initially, both domestically and for export market, given range of perceived use. The constraints identified require concerted efforts from all stakeholders to recognize the importance of this sub-sector in providing opportunities to successful development.
Maximal $L^q$-regularity for parabolic Hamilton-Jacobi equations and applications to Mean Field Games
Creators: name: Cirant, Marco
name: Goffi, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we investigate maximal $L^q$-regularity for time-dependent viscous Hamilton-Jacobi equations with unbounded right-hand side and superlinear growth in the gradient. Our approach is based on the interplay between new integral and Hölder estimates, interpolation inequalities, and parabolic regularity for linear equations. These estimates are obtained via a duality method à la Evans. This sheds new light on a parabolic counterpart of a conjecture by P.-L. Lions on maximal regularity for Hamilton-Jacobi equations, recently addressed in the stationary framework by the authors. Finally, applications to the existence problem of classical solutions to Mean Field Games systems with unbounded local couplings are provided.
description: 31 pages
Experimental realization of a ballistic spin interferometer based on the Rashba effect using a nanolithographically defined square loop array
Creators: name: Koga, Takaaki
name: Sekine, Yoshiaki
name: Nitta, Junsaku
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gate-controlled electron spin interference was observed in nanolithographically defined square loop (SL) arrays fabricated using In$_{0.52}$Al$_{0.48}$As/In$_{0.53}$Ga$_{0.47}$As/In$_{0.52}$Al$_{0.48}$As quantum wells. In this experiment, we demonstrate electron spin precession in quasi-one-dimensional channels that is caused by the Rashba effect. It turned out that the spin precession angle $θ$ was gate-controllable by more than 0.75$π$ for a sample with $L=1.5μ$m, where $L$ is the side length of the SL. Large controllability of $θ$ by the applied gate voltage as such is a necessary requirement for the realization of the spin FET device proposed by Datta and Das [Datta {\it et. al.}, Appl. Phys. Lett. {\bf 56}, 665 (1990)] as well as for the manipulation of spin qubits using the Rashba effect.
description: 4pages, 4figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
All my mother wants is family : family members of parents with cognitive impairments share their experiences with caregiving and community supports
Creators: name: MacKinlay, Maureen Jane
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The purpose of the study was to explore the experience of caregiving and the use of community supports from the perspectives of adult children providing care to their cognitively impaired elderly parents. Designed as an exploratory qualitative study within a framework of feminist postmodernism, the research process utilized a semi-structured interview format to capture the stories of caregivers' experiences. An advertisement as well as a purposeful criterion sampling method, applying a snowball approach, was used to recruit nine caregivers. Data collection occurred through individual and small family group interviews, and a subsequent focus group session. Thematic analysis of the data revealed that, despite caregiver burden and objective need for formal services, families underutilize services available to them due to the values and attitudes of the caregivers and care-recipients. Although service characteristics are important determinants of service use, other important factors which influenced formal service utilization are gender, availability of informal supports, family relationships, and perceptions of responsibility and of the services itself. Family caregivers want information and formal supports that are appropriate, adequate, and flexible so that when the caregiving context changes, they have knowledge of and access to options. They also want to be seen as partners in the process and to be valued for their contribution as caregivers. Formal service providers may be able to use these results in helping families improve their access to resources, designing programs that better serve their needs, and incorporating the family as a valuable supplemental resource when formal care becomes necessary for care recipients.
Spherically symmetric dynamical horizons
Creators: name: Bartnik, Robert
name: Isenberg, Jim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine sufficient and necessary conditions for a spherically symmetric initial data set to satisfy the dynamical horizon conditions in the spacetime development. The constraint equations reduce to a single second order linear master equation, which leads to a systematic construction of all spherically symmetric dynamical horizons (SSDH) satisfying certain boundedness conditions. We also find necessary and sufficient conditions for a given spherically symmetric spacetime to contain a SSDH.
description: latex, 19 pages, no figures
Spiking Neural Networks Hardware Implementations and Challenges: a Survey
Creators: name: Bouvier, Maxence
name: Valentian, Alexandre
name: Mesquida, Thomas
name: Rummens, François
name: Reyboz, Marina
name: Vianello, Elisa
name: Beigné, Edith
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Neuromorphic computing is henceforth a major research field for both academic and industrial actors. As opposed to Von Neumann machines, brain-inspired processors aim at bringing closer the memory and the computational elements to efficiently evaluate machine-learning algorithms. Recently, Spiking Neural Networks, a generation of cognitive algorithms employing computational primitives mimicking neuron and synapse operational principles, have become an important part of deep learning. They are expected to improve the computational performance and efficiency of neural networks, but are best suited for hardware able to support their temporal dynamics. In this survey, we present the state of the art of hardware implementations of spiking neural networks and the current trends in algorithm elaboration from model selection to training mechanisms. The scope of existing solutions is extensive; we thus present the general framework and study on a case-by-case basis the relevant particularities. We describe the strategies employed to leverage the characteristics of these event-driven algorithms at the hardware level and discuss their related advantages and challenges.
description: Pre-print version of the file authorized for publication
A Comparison of Wholesaler/Retailer Business Characteristics of Natural Products between Ghana and Rwanda
Creators: name: Govindasamy, Ramu
name: Simon, James E.
name: Puduri, Venkata S.
name: Juliani, H. Rodolfo
name: Asante-Dartey, Juliana
name: Arthur, Hanson
name: Diawuo, Bismarck
name: Acquaye, Dan
name: Hitimana, Nicholas
name: Govindasamy, Ramu
name: Simon, James E.
name: Puduri, Venkata S.
name: Juliani, H. Rodolfo
name: Asante-Dartey, Juliana
name: Arthur, Hanson
name: Diawuo, Bismarck
name: Acquaye, Dan
name: Hitimana, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: The usage of natural products is becoming an increasingly common consumer phenomenon due to increasing health consciousness, and because of their naturalness, and medicinal qualities of the products. African countries are very rich with natural products resources and supplies. The continent’s rich botanical heritage offers an excellent opportunity to diversify away from other traditional exports. Europe and the USA are particularly promising markets for natural products. Thus, it is advantageous to examine development of natural products exporting as alternative or complimentary economic opportunities for many African people, especially those in the rural areas. This paper has explores both factors which promote and which act as obstacles to the natural products market, specifically in the retail and wholesale portions of the value chain in Ghana and Rwanda.
The Molecular Clouds associated with the H II Regions/Candidates between $l=207.7^\circ$ and $l=211.7^\circ$
Creators: name: Li, Chong
name: Wang, Hongchi
name: Zhang, Miaomiao
name: Ma, Yuehui
name: Lin, Lianghao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the PMO-13.7 m millimeter telescope at Delingha in China, we have conducted a large-scale simultaneous survey of $^{12}$CO, $^{13}$CO, and C$^{18}$O $J=1-0$ emission toward the sky region centered at $l$=$209.7^\circ$, $b$=$-$2.25$^\circ$ with a coverage of $4.0^\circ \times 4.5^\circ$. The majority of the emission in the region comes from the clouds with velocities lying in the range from $-$3 km s$^{-1}$ to 55 km s$^{-1}$, at kinematic distances from 0.5 kpc to 7.0 kpc. The molecular clouds in the region are concentrated into three velocity ranges. The molecular clouds associated with the ten H II regions/candidates are identified and their physical properties are presented. Massive stars are found within Sh2-280, Sh2-282, Sh2-283, and BFS54, and we suggest them to be the candidate excitation sources of the H II regions. The distributions of excitation temperature and line width with the projected distance from the center of H II region/candidate suggest that the majority of the ten H II regions/candidates and their associated molecular gas are three-dimensional structures, rather than two-dimensional structures.
description: 28 pages, 30 figures
Disprezzare il principe. Le crepe nella maestà (Principe, XIX)
Creators: name: Barucci, Guglielmo
Publisher: name: Consonanze
Year: 2021

description: -
description: Consonanze, V. 13: "Ragionare sullo stato". Studi su Machiavelli, a cura di Anna Maria Cabrini (Consonanze, 13)
Additional file 1 of Work-life balance and self-reported health among working adults in Europe: a gender and welfare state regime comparative analysis
Creators: name: Mensah, Aziz
name: Adjei, Nicholas Kofi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1 Variance Inflation Factor (VIF) of measured variables by men. Table S2 Variance Inflation Factor (VIF) of measured variables by women.
Totally symmetrized spinors and null rotation invariance
Creators: name: MacCallum, Malcolm A. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the existing implementations of the Cartan-Karlhede procedure for characterization and classification of spacetimes, a prominent rôle is played by multi-index two-component spinors symmetrized over both types of index. This paper considers the conditions for, and detection of, null rotational invariance of such spinors, and corrects a previous discussion.
description: Text revised after refereeing. This version accepted in Classical and Quantum Gravity and now available online under CC BY 3.0 licence
Probing liquid surface waves, liquid properties and liquid films with light diffraction
Creators: name: Barik, Tarun Kr.
name: Chaudhuri, Partha Roy
name: Roy, Anushree
name: Kar, Sayan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Surface waves on liquids act as a dynamical phase grating for incident light. In this article, we revisit the classical method of probing such waves (wavelengths of the order of mm) as well as inherent properties of liquids and liquid films on liquids, using optical diffraction. A combination of simulation and experiment is proposed to trace out the surface wave profiles in various situations (\emph{eg.} for one or more vertical, slightly immersed, electrically driven exciters). Subsequently, the surface tension and the spatial damping coefficient (related to viscosity) of a variety of liquids are measured carefully in order to gauge the efficiency of measuring liquid properties using this optical probe. The final set of results deal with liquid films where dispersion relations, surface and interface modes, interfacial tension and related issues are investigated in some detail, both theoretically and experimentally. On the whole, our observations and analyses seem to support the claim that this simple, low--cost apparatus is capable of providing a wealth of information on liquids and liquid surface waves in a non--destructive way.
description: 25 pages, 12 figures, to appear in Measurement Science and Technology (IOP)
Review of Learning-Assisted Power System Optimization
Creators: name: Ruan, Guangchun
name: Zhong, Haiwang
name: Zhang, Guanglun
name: He, Yiliu
name: Wang, Xuan
name: Pu, Tianjiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: With dramatic breakthroughs in recent years, machine learning is showing great potential to upgrade the toolbox for power system optimization. Understanding the strength and limitation of machine learning approaches is crucial to decide when and how to deploy them to boost the optimization performance. This paper pays special attention to the coordination between machine learning approaches and optimization models, and carefully evaluates how such data-driven analysis may improve the rule-based optimization. The typical references are selected and categorized into four groups: the boundary parameter improvement, the optimization option selection, the surrogate model, and the hybrid model. This taxonomy provides a novel perspective to elaborate the latest research progress and development. We further compare the design patterns of different categories, and discuss several key challenges and opportunities as well. Deep integration between machine learning approaches and optimization models is expected to become the most promising technical trend.
Additional file 1 of Effects of Supervised Early Resistance Training versus standard care on cognitive recovery following cardiac surgery via median sternotomy (the SEcReT study): protocol for a randomised controlled pilot study
Creators: name: Pengelly, Jacqueline M. S.
name: Royse, Alistair G.
name: Bryant, Adam L.
name: Williams, Gavin P.
name: Tivendale, Lynda J.
name: Dettmann, Timothy J.
name: Canty, David J.
name: Royse, Colin F.
name: Doa A. El-Ansary
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. SPIRIT 2013 Checklist: Recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents
Nonnegative Matrix Factorization and I-Divergence Alternating Minimization
Creators: name: Finesso, Lorenzo
name: Spreij, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 93E03

description: In this paper we consider the Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF) problem: given an (elementwise) nonnegative matrix $V \in \R_+^{m\times n}$ find, for assigned $k$, nonnegative matrices $W\in\R_+^{m\times k}$ and $H\in\R_+^{k\times n}$ such that $V=WH$. Exact, non trivial, nonnegative factorizations do not always exist, hence it is interesting to pose the approximate NMF problem. The criterion which is commonly employed is I-divergence between nonnegative matrices. The problem becomes that of finding, for assigned $k$, the factorization $WH$ closest to $V$ in I-divergence. An iterative algorithm, EM like, for the construction of the best pair $(W, H)$ has been proposed in the literature. In this paper we interpret the algorithm as an alternating minimization procedure à la Csiszár-Tusnády and investigate some of its stability properties. NMF is widespreading as a data analysis method in applications for which the positivity constraint is relevant. There are other data analysis methods which impose some form of nonnegativity: we discuss here the connections between NMF and Archetypal Analysis.
Twist-induced magnon Landau levels in honeycomb magnets
Creators: name: Liu, Tianyu
name: Shi, Zheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lattice deformation resulting from elastic strain is known to spatially modulate the wave function overlap of the atoms on the lattice and can drastically alter the properties of the quasiparticles. Here we elaborate that a twist lattice deformation in two-dimensional honeycomb quantum magnet nanoribbons is equivalent to an elastic gauge field giving rise to magnon Landau quantization. When the ground state is ferromagnetic, dispersive Dirac-Landau levels are induced in the center of magnon bands, while for antiferromagnetic nanoribbons, the twist results in dispersive equidistant Landau levels at the top of magnon bands. The dispersions for both types of Landau levels are derived in the framework of the band theory.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Structural Change in the Meat and Poultry Industry and the Pathogen Reduction Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point Rule
Creators: name: Ollinger, Michael
name: Ollinger, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: food safety
subject: structural change
subject: regulation
subject: industrial organization

description: This paper uses plant-level micro-data covering the 1987-2002 and a translog cost function to estimate long-run costs in the meat and poultry industry in order to evaluate the impact of the Pathogen Reduction Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point Rule on cattle, hog and chicken slaughter and prepared pork products and sausage-making industries. Results suggest that costs rose in the cattle and hog slaughter and prepared pork products industries and the cost shares of meat declined and of labor and capital rose. There is little evidence that events over the period favored large or small plants.
Fine structure generation in double-diffusive system
Creators: name: Kozitskiy, S. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Double-diffusive convection in a horizontally infinite layer of a unit height in a large Rayleigh numbers limit is considered. From linear stability analysis it is shown, that the convection tends to have a form of travelling tall thin rolls with height 10-30 times larger than width. Amplitude equations of ABC type for vertical variations of amplitude of these rolls and mean values of diffusive components are derived. As a result of its numerical simulation it is shown, that for a wide variety of parameters considered ABC system have solutions, known as diffusive chaos, which can be useful for explanation of fine structure generation in some important oceanographical systems like thermohaline staircases.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Stellar impact on disequilibrium chemistry and on observed spectra of hot Jupiter atmospheres
Creators: name: Shulyak, D.
name: Lara, L. -M.
name: Rengel, M.
name: Nemec, N. -E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we study the effect of disequilibrium processes on mixing ratio profiles of neutral species and on the simulated spectra of a hot Jupiter exoplanet that orbits stars of different spectral types. We also address the impact of stellar activity that should be present to a different degree in all stars with convective envelopes. We used the VULCAN chemical kinetic code to compute number densities of species. The temperature-pressure profile of the atmosphere was computed with the HELIOS code. We also utilized the $τ$-ReX forward model to predict the spectra of planets in primary and secondary eclipses. In order to account for the stellar activity we made use of the observed solar XUV spectrum taken from Virtual Planetary Laboratory (VPL) as a proxy for an active sun-like star. We find large changes in mixing ratios of most chemical species in planets orbiting A-type stars that radiate strong XUV flux inducing a very effective photodissociation. For some species, these changes can propagate very deep into the planetary atmosphere to pressures of around 1 bar. To observe disequilibrium chemistry we favor hot Jupiters with temperatures Teq=1000 K and ultra-hot Jupiters with Teq=3000$ K that also have temperature inversion in their atmospheres. On the other hand, disequilibrium calculations predict little changes in spectra of planets with intermediate temperatures. We also show that stellar activity similar to the one of the modern Sun drives important changes in mixing ratio profiles of atmospheric species. However, these changes take place at very high atmospheric altitudes and thus do not affect predicted spectra. We estimate that the effect of disequilibrium chemistry in planets orbiting nearby bright stars could be robustly detected and studied with future missions with spectroscopic capabilities in infrared such as, e.g., JWST and ARIEL.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures
On a cryogenic noble gas ion catcher
Creators: name: Dendooven, P.
name: Purushothaman, S.
name: Gloos, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In-situ purification of the gas used as stopping medium in a noble gas ion catcher by operating the device at low temperatures of 60 to 150 K was investigated. Alpha-decay recoil ions from a 223Ra source served as energetic probes. The combined ion survival and transport efficiencies for 219Rn ions saturated below about 90 K, reaching 28.7(17) % in helium, 22.1(13) % in neon, and 17.0(10) % in argon. These values may well reflect the charge exchange and stripping cross sections during the slowing down of the ions, and thus represent a fundamental upper limit for the efficiency of noble gas ion catcher devices. We suggest the cryogenic noble gas ion catcher as a technically simpler alternative to the ultra-high purity noble gas ion catcher operating at room temperature.
description: Submitted to Nucl. Instrum. Meth. Phys. Res. A
Additional file 2 of The lack of keratinized mucosa is associated with poor peri-implant tissue health: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Kungsadalpipob, Kajorn
name: Kakanang Supanimitkul
name: Sukuma Manopattanasoontorn
name: Navawan Sophon
name: Teerawut Tangsathian
name: Sirikarn P. Arunyanak
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2: supplementary Table S2. Comparison between peri-implant clinical parameters and other factor
Die geistliche Dichtung Georgiens und ihr Verhältnis zur Byzantinischen
Creators: name: T̕arxnišvili, Mik̕el
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 41 (1957): Oriens christianus, Band 41
Using Land to Promote Urban Economic Growth in China
Creators: name: Ding, Chengri
name: Lichtenberg, Erik
name: Ding, Chengri
name: Lichtenberg, Erik
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: International Development
Land Economics/Use

description: This paper investigates the economic incentives for urban spatial expansion in China by estimating the value of urban land using an econometric model applied to data from the 220 largest Chinese cities for the period 1996-2003. The results are consistent with the proposition that the rapid rate of urban spatial expansion resulted from a combination of fiscal pressure on local governments and governance reforms that gave local governments greater control over land and investment policies. The estimated parameters of the model indicate that urban land generates far more than income per unit area than agriculture in eastern and central China, suggesting that local governments can profit substantially from conversion of farmland to urban use. The value of urban land in those regions increased in the period after 1999, an outcome that could be attributable to increased demand for land to accommodate economic growth, delayed development of land set aside speculatively into economic/industrial development zones, and/or implementation of stricter administrative controls on farmland conversion that restricted the supply of land for urban uses. Urban land appeared to have a low economic value in western China, a region that, taken as a whole, has lagged in terms of economic growth. The estimated parameters of the model are consistent with findings of previous studies regarding returns on foreign direct investment, domestic Chinese investment, and labor productivity.
Hall effect and symmetry breaking in non-magnetic metal with dynamic charge stripes
Creators: name: Sluchanko, N.
name: Azarevich, A.
name: Bogach, A.
name: Demishev, S.
name: Krasikov, K.
name: Voronov, V.
name: Filipov, V.
name: Shitsevalova, N.
name: Glushkov, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A comprehensive study of magnetoresistance and Hall effect has been performed for the set of the single crystals of non-magnetic metal LuB12 with the Jahn-Teller instability of the boron cage and dynamic charge stripes forming along <110> direction. Anomalous positive contribution to Hall effect for particular direction of magnetic field H//[001] is found in the single crystals of LuB12 of the highest quality. This contribution arising at T~ 150 K is shown to increase drastically when approaching the disordered ground state below 60 K. The Hall effect anomaly is shown to appear in combination with the peak of magnetoresistance. The various scenarios allowing for the topology of Fermi surface, anisotropy of relaxation time for charge carriers and the filamentary structure of fluctuating charge stripes are proposed to explain the features of magnetotransport in this metal with inhomogeneous distribution of electron density. The origin of SdH oscillations, which are observed in this non-equilibrium metal with electron phase separation and strong charge carrier scattering, is discussed.
description: 43 pages, 14 figures, Supplementary Information
The Political Economy of Incentive Regulation: Theory and Evidence from US States
Creators: name: Guerriero, Carmine
name: Guerriero, Carmine
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Incentive Schemes
subject: Accountability Rules
subject: Regulatory Capture

description: The determinants of incentive regulation are a key issue in industrial policy. I study an asymmetric information model of incentive rules selection by a political principal endowed with an information-gathering technology whose efficiency increases with the effort exerted by two accountable supervisors (a regulator and a judge). This set up captures the institutions of several international markets. The model predicts that reforms toward higher powered rules are more likely the more inefficient (efficient) is the production (information-gathering) technology, the less tight is political competition and the greater are pro-consumer supervisors’ incentives. This prediction is consistent with evidence based on US electric power market data.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 10/14/08.
Learning from Experts
Creators: name: Valsecchi, Irene
name: Valsecchi, Irene
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Expert
subject: Information Transmission
subject: Learning

description: The survey is concerned with the issue of information transmission from experts to non-experts. Two main approaches to the use of experts can be traced. According to the game-theoretic approach expertise is a case of asymmetric information between the expert, who is the better informed agent, and the non-expert, who is either a decision-maker or an evaluator of the expert’s performance. According to the Bayesian decision-theoretic approach the expert is the agent who announces his probabilistic opinion, and the non-expert has to incorporate that opinion into his beliefs in a consistent way, despite his poor understanding of the expert’s substantive knowledge. The two approaches ground the relationships between experts and non-experts on such different premises that their results are very poorly connected.
2008 Outlook of the U.S. and World Wheat Industries, 2007-2017
Creators: name: Koo, Won W.
name: Taylor, Richard D.
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Taylor, Richard D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: common wheat
subject: durum wheat
subject: production
subject: exports
subject: consumption
subject: ending stocks

description: This report evaluates the U.S. and world wheat markets for the 2007-2017 period using the Global Wheat Policy Simulation Model. This analysis is based on a series of assumptions about general economic conditions, agricultural policies, weather conditions, and technological change. Both the U.S. and world wheat economies are predicted to remain strong for the next ten years. World demand for both common and durum wheat are expected to remain strong. The price levels in 2007, due to high corn demand in the ethanol industry, should be maintained since increases in production are limited due to land constraints in most countries. World trade volumes of both classes of wheat are expected to expand, but trade volume of durum wheat may grow faster than that of common wheat.
Additional file 1 of The lack of keratinized mucosa is associated with poor peri-implant tissue health: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Kungsadalpipob, Kajorn
name: Kakanang Supanimitkul
name: Sukuma Manopattanasoontorn
name: Navawan Sophon
name: Teerawut Tangsathian
name: Sirikarn P. Arunyanak
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table S1. Demographic data and clinical characteristics regrading keratinized mucosa group
Measuring Service Quality: The Opinion of Europeans about Utilities
Creators: name: Ferrari, P.A.
name: Salini, S.
name: Ferrari, P.A.
name: Salini, S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Service Quality
subject: Eurobarometer
subject: Non Linear Principal Component Analysis
subject: Rasch Analysis
subject: Conjoint Analysis

description: This paper provides a comparative analysis of statistical methods to evaluate the consumer perception about the quality of Services of General Interest. The evaluation of the service quality perceived by users is usually based on Customer Satisfaction Survey data and an ex-post evaluation is then performed. Another approach, consisting in evaluating Consumers preferences, supplies an ex-ante information on Service Quality. Here, the ex-post approach is considered, two non-standard techniques - the Rasch Model and the Nonlinear Principal Component Analysis - are presented and the potential of both methods is discussed. These methods are applied on the Eurobarometer Survey data to assess the consumer satisfaction among European countries and in different years.