cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Development, Optimization, and Integration of Inline Phase-Change Switches for Reconfigurable RF Systems
Creators: name: El-Hinnawy, Nabil A.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Engineering
subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The goal of any switch is to enable reconfiguration, flexibility, or adaptability for the network in which it is being implemented. Electrical switches that operate at radio frequencies (RF) are designed to increase system functionality and flexibility, such as routing signals to different locations or changing the frequency response of a circuit. Unfortunately, current state-of-the-art (SOA) RF switches do not have the performance, size, or cost in order to enable the large scale flexibility seen in modern digital system-on-chips (SoCs) and FPGAs. Non-volatile chalcogenides present a unique opportunity to create analog SoCs, as low loss, low power consumption, small size, and low cost integration are all simultaneously achievable in this material system. This thesis details the first demonstration, performance, and integration of 4-terminal, indirectly heated phase-change switches for reconfigurable RF systems. The first demonstration of device functionality outperformed SOA FET-based RF switches in terms of frequency performance (1.1 THz Fco, or 145 fs Ron*Coff), and was improved by over an order of magnitude over the course of this research (12.5 THz Fco, or 12.7 fs Ron*Coff). The investigations into power handling have resulted in an extracted threshold field of 12.6 V/μm in 50:50 GeTe, an improvement in OFF-state power handling from 18 dBm to 29 dBm, and a switch with a simultaneous Ron, Coff, Fco, Vth, PRFmax,off, and reliability of 1.2 Ω, 12.3 fF, 10.6 THz, 6 V, 28 dBm, and >500,000 cycles, respectively. A correlation between the DC Vth and the RF power handling was demonstrated, identifying the fundamental mechanism for power handling limitations. Three different reconfigurable RF system prototypes were fabricated using heterogeneous integration of these phase-change switches with a multifunction SiGe BiCMOS MMIC. Problems with the RF performance of the system highlighted the need for an improved integration of these phase-change switches. A back-end-of-line (BEOL), CMOS-compatible monolithic integration process was then experimentally demonstrated for the first time, detailing the benefits of future monolithically integrated phase-change switches on a variety of semiconductor technologies.
Current Algebra Approach to Heavy Top Effects in $Z \rightarrow b+ \bar{b}$
Creators: name: Degrassi, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $O(αm_t^2/m_w^2)$ and $O(αα_s m_t^2/m_w^2)$ corrections to the partial decay width $Γ(Z \rightarrow b + \bar{b})$ are computed using the current algebra formulation of radiative corrections. This framework allows one to easily enforce the relevant Ward identity that greatly simplifies the calculations. As a result, the one-loop $O(αm_t^2/m_w^2)$ contribution is computed through the investigation of only two convergent diagrams. The computation of the QCD corrections to the one-loop $O(αm_t^2/m_w^2)$ term involves fewer diagrams than in the standard approach. In particular, the number of infrared divergent contribution is reduced. The calculation is performed in the dimensional regularization scheme and no term more divergent than $\frac{1}{n-4}$ is found. Our result confirms the screening of the one-loop top mass effect recently found by Fleischer {\em et al.}.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures (not included) available upon request, LaTex, DFPD 93/TH/03
Baumpilze in Kieselhölzern aus dem basalen Schilfsandstein des württembergischen Keupers (kmSt), Trias
Creators: name: Nikel, Siegfried
Publisher: name: Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg
Year: 2011

description: Aus dem basalen Schilfsandstein des württembergischen Keupers (Stuttgart- Formation, kmSt, Trias) liegen eingekieselte Stammfragmente vor (Nikel 1995, Nikel 2004, Nikel 2007: 113–121). Die meisten Funde stammen aus der Umgebung von Bühlerzell und Kottspiel (Nordostwürttemberg). In dieser Gegend ist die Basis des Schilfsandsteins als Basiskonglomerat mit verschiedenen Komponenten entwickelt: aufgearbeitete, gerundete Schilfsandstein- und Mergelgerölle, Knochenrelikte von kleinen Wirbeltieren, Abdrücke von Schachtelhalmen (Equisetites arenaceus) und eingekieselte Stammfragmente. Erste Untersuchungen der eingekieselten Hölzer ergeben Hinweise, dass die vielen Kieselhölzer in Schilfsandstein eingelagerte Treibhölzer und die Biosignaturen im Holz unbestimmbare Fremdstrukturen sind (Nikel 2007). Eingehende Untersuchungen in den vergangenen Jahren führten zu dem Ergebnis, dass viele der Biosignaturen vegetative Teile von Baumpilzen sind, die durch Eisenhydroxide gelb, rot, grün und schwarz eingefärbt sind. Beschrieben werden Biosignaturen von Pilzmyzel, Hyphenfäden, Hyphensträngen, Rhizomorphen und soweit belegbar, auch anhaftende Fruchtkörper. Beschrieben werden des Weiteren feinste Lufthyphen (Ozonien), die in durch Fäulnis entstandenen Hohlräumen gewachsen und nun in wasserhellen Quarz eingeschlossen sind. Die meist auffällige Farbe der Biosignaturen ermöglicht es, ohne technische Einfärbung, pilzrelevante Beobachtungen und spezifische Merkmale von Pilzausbreitung, Pilzinfizierung des Holzes und Zersetzungen durch Pilze im Holz aufzuzeigen. Diskutiert wird der Erhalt von Mikrobenzellstrukturen (Bakterien und Pilze), die Entstehung der Sphärolithe, die Herkunft der Kieselsäure und die Einbettung der Treibhölzer in das Milieu eines Altarmrestsees der Schilfsandsteinzeit.
description: Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg, Bd. 167 (2011): Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg, 167. Jahrgang
Practice-based arts research in repositories: how do we better engage with researchers to capture, manage and enable discoverability of this research?
Creators: name: Evans, Jenny
name: Kaye, John
name: Siminson, Nicola
name: Gray, Andrew
name: Pike, Dawn
name: Watts, Nina
name: Renner, Tom
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: practice-based arts research
repositories
research data
open access
community engagement

description: Repositories have historically focused on supporting traditional text-based outputs in STEM areas, capturing and making individual research publications openly available, and more recently the underpinning datasets. Funder policies focus on these outputs, resulting in greater awareness and usage of repositories amongst STEM researchers. Practice-based arts research tends to be in non-text formats, and is often part of a wider, changing portfolio of work (including the original artefact and related documentation), elements of which may be captured in a publications repository, with associated documentation held in a data repository. This has often led to fractured discussions: those on open access take place in different forums to those on research data; and different teams may support these areas, including libraries, archives and research offices. Much work has been done to customise repositories to more effectively capture this research. However, barriers to effectively engage with this community remain. Specific functionality requirements and issues include: records that enable open metadata and closed files; portfolios representing a changing body of work need updating over time; issues with file sizes and types, image quality and video streaming; restrictions imposed by repository software architecture, and interoperability with CRIS systems; and concerns with intellectual property rights and copyright.
Der Numismalismergel im nordöstlichen Albvorland
Creators: name: Mayer, Werner K.
Publisher: name: Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg
Year: 2011

description: Der Numismalismergel als Unterstufe des Pliensbachiums (pb1) wird auszugsweise für den Unterjura im nordöstlichen Albvorland von Baden-Württemberg beschrieben. Der Rohrleitungsbau der Landeswasserversorgung in den Jahren 2003–2006 gab vor allem auf einer Linie zwischen Schwäbisch Gmünd-Bargau und Wäschenbeuren Einblick in die gesamte Schichtfolge und gestattete Profilvergleiche. Vor allem die Davoei-Bank und ihr Umfeld war durchgängig zu verfolgen und lieferte eine artenreiche Ammoniten-Fauna, die sich vorzüglich präparieren ließ. Ein einmaliger Fund war die pseudoplanktonische Seelilienkolonie von Böbingen/ Rems. Von der geschätzten rund 100 m2 großen zusammenhängenden Kolonie wurden ca. 45 m2 geborgen und ca. 15 m2 präpariert. Als Besonderheiten werden die aus phosphoritischen Knollen herauspräparierten Krebsfragmente sowie Fremdgesteine in Meeresablagerungen in Form von Quarzitblöcken bei Göggingen-Horn und Quarzitgeröllen von Waldstetten beschrieben.
description: Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg, Bd. 167 (2011): Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg, 167. Jahrgang
ОСОБЕННОСТИ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ КАДРАМИ – ТРУДОВЫМ ПОТЕНЦИАЛОМ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ
Creators: name: Обидов Расулжон Абдулхаевич, Янгиерский филиал ТХТИ Старший преподаватель кафедры «Общие науки и физической культуры»
name: Рахимбоева Махфират Хушнуд кизи, Студентка 1-го курса экономического направления
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: В этой статье рассмотренны такие вопросы как управление кадрами, а также  трудовым  потенциалом  на  предприятиях.  Также  изучены  и анализированны  мнения  выдающихся  экономистов.  Предложенны  ряд предложений о совершенствовании  в управлении кадрами и своевременным изучением  особенностей   повышения  трудового  потенциала  эффективности прадприятия.
Chrono-/Biostratigraphie im Mitteljura von SW-Deutschland. 1. Teil: Bajocium
Creators: name: Dietze, Volker
name: Schweigert, Günter
name: Dietl, Gerd
Publisher: name: Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg
Year: 2011

description: Der aktuelle Stand der chrono-/biostratigraphischen Gliederung des Bajocium (Mitteljura) in Südwestdeutschland wird kurz zusammenfassend dargestellt. Die acht Standard-Zonen des Bajocium können bislang in mindestens 39 Ammoniten- Faunenhorizonte untergliedert werden, wobei der Grad der zeitlichen Auflösung innerhalb der Zonen noch uneinheitlich ist.
description: Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg, Bd. 167 (2011): Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg, 167. Jahrgang
Disclosing hidden information in the quantum Zeno effect: Pulsed measurement of the quantum time of arrival
Creators: name: Echanobe, J.
name: del Campo, A.
name: Muga, J. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Repeated measurements of a quantum particle to check its presence in a region of space was proposed long ago [G. R. Allcock, Ann. Phys. {\bf 53}, 286 (1969)] as a natural way to determine the distribution of times of arrival at the orthogonal subspace, but the method was discarded because of the quantum Zeno effect: in the limit of very frequent measurements the wave function is reflected and remains in the original subspace. We show that by normalizing the small bits of arriving (removed) norm, an ideal time distribution emerges in correspondence with a classical local-kinetic-energy distribution.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, minor changes
Cell Tracking Challenge 2024
Creators: name: Kozubek, Michal
name: Cunha, Alexandre
name: Maska, Martin
name: Meijering, Erik
name: Muñoz-Barrutia, Arrate
name: Ortiz de Solórzano, Carlos
name: Riklin-Raviv, Tammy
name: Stegmaier, Johannes
name: Uhlmann, Virginie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: cell detection
cell segmentation
cell linking
cell tracking
2D time-lapse
3D time-lapse
ISBI challenges

description: The Cell Tracking Challenge (CTC) was launched in 2012, with the aim of fostering the development of novel, robust cell segmentation and tracking algorithms, and helping the developers with the evaluation of their new algorithmic developments. Over its more than a decade long existence, six fixed-deadline ISBI challenge editions have been organized, and since February 2017, the challenge is open for online submissions that are monthly evaluated, ranked, and posted on the challenge website. So far, two benchmarks have been offered, namely segmentation-and-tracking benchmark (evaluating segmentation and tracking performance) and segmentation-only benchmark (evaluating purely segmentation performance, no tracking part is required). A detailed description of the focus and history of the CTC can be found at http://celltrackingchallenge.net/ and in the new open-access Nature Methods summary of the 10 years of its existence. The CTC is in constant evolution, and - as we did in the previous six editions attached to ISBI 2013-2015 and ISBI 2019-2021 - we plan to introduce some novelties in this new ISBI-sponsored challenge event.

Specifically, in this new 7th edition, the participants will be encouraged to submit further solutions to the recently opened generalizability tasks - either in the frame of thesegmentation-and-tracking benchmark (Task 1) or the segmentation-only benchmark (Task 2). The generalizability tasks focus on the development of methods that exhibit better generalizability and work across most, if not all, of the existing datasets, instead of being optimized for one or a few datasets only. These tasks were established for the ISBI 2021 edition, and their first results were reported in the abovementioned paper, but no further results have been received since then.

Furthermore, a new tracking-only - more precisely linking-only benchmark (Cell Linking Benchmark) will be introduced to complement the segmentation-only benchmark for those who want to evaluate purely the object linking methods without having to supply segmentation results. Such a benchmark has been missing in the CTC portfolio and it is demanded by the CTC participants and the scientific community at large. Participants will be encouraged to supply ideally generalizable solutions (Task 3) working across 13 preselected datasets but will also be able to submit dataset-specific solutions (Task 4) for datasets of their choice.
Jet broadening in unstable non-Abelian plasmas
Creators: name: Dumitru, Adrian
name: Nara, Yasushi
name: Schenke, Bjoern
name: Strickland, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform numerical simulations of the QCD Boltzmann-Vlasov equation including both hard elastic particle collisions and soft interactions mediated by classical Yang-Mills fields. We provide an estimate of the coupling of jets to a hot plasma which is independent of infrared cutoffs. For weakly-coupled anisotropic plasmas the local rotational symmetry in momentum space is broken. The fields develop unstable modes, forming configurations where B_t>E_t and E_z>B_z. This provides a possible explanation for the experimental observation that high-energy jets traversing the plasma perpendicular to the beam axis experience much stronger broadening in rapidity than in azimuth.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures, version accepted for publication in Phys.Rev.C, typos fixed, more detailed discussion of q-hat
Renormalization group properties of the conformal mode of a torus
Creators: name: Kellett, Matthew P.
name: Morris, Tim R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Wilsonian renormalization group properties of the conformal factor of the metric are profoundly altered by the fact that it has a wrong-sign kinetic term. If couplings are chosen so that the quantum field theory exists on $\mathbb{R}^4$, it fails to exist on manifolds below a certain size, if a certain universal shape function turns negative. We demonstrate that this is triggered by inhomogeneity in the cases of $\mathbb{T}^4$ and $\mathbb{T}^3\times\mathbb{R}$, including twisted versions. Varying the moduli, we uncover a rich phenomenology.
description: 25 pages, 5 figures; version to be published in Class. Quantum Grav
Light Composite Vector Bosons
Creators: name: Kosower, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In gauge theories with slowly-running coupling constants, it may be possible for four-fermion operators to be nearly marginal. Such operators can possess asymptotically weak couplings, and can plausibly give rise to light composite vector mesons.
description: 16 pages (TeX w/epsf), 4 figures (uuencoded) included, CERN-TH.6767/92
Adversarial Spatio-Temporal Learning for Video Deblurring
Creators: name: Zhang, Kaihao
name: Luo, Wenhan
name: Zhong, Yiran
name: Ma, Lin
name: Liu, Wei
name: Li, Hongdong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Camera shake or target movement often leads to undesired blur effects in videos captured by a hand-held camera. Despite significant efforts having been devoted to video-deblur research, two major challenges remain: 1) how to model the spatio-temporal characteristics across both the spatial domain (i.e., image plane) and temporal domain (i.e., neighboring frames), and 2) how to restore sharp image details w.r.t. the conventionally adopted metric of pixel-wise errors. In this paper, to address the first challenge, we propose a DeBLuRring Network (DBLRNet) for spatial-temporal learning by applying a modified 3D convolution to both spatial and temporal domains. Our DBLRNet is able to capture jointly spatial and temporal information encoded in neighboring frames, which directly contributes to improved video deblur performance. To tackle the second challenge, we leverage the developed DBLRNet as a generator in the GAN (generative adversarial network) architecture, and employ a content loss in addition to an adversarial loss for efficient adversarial training. The developed network, which we name as DeBLuRring Generative Adversarial Network (DBLRGAN), is tested on two standard benchmarks and achieves the state-of-the-art performance.
description: To appear in IEEE Transactions on Image Processing (TIP)
Development of Geostatistical Models to Estimate CO2 Storage Resource in Sedimentary Geologic Formations
Creators: name: Popova, Olga
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 99999 Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: Carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) is a technology that provides a near-term solution to reduce anthropogenic CO2 emissions to the atmosphere and reduce our impact on the climate system. Assessments of carbon sequestration resources that have been made for North America using existing methodologies likely underestimate uncertainty and variability in the reservoir parameters. This thesis describes a geostatistical model developed to estimate the CO2 storage resource in sedimentary formations. The proposed stochastic model accounts for the spatial distribution of reservoir properties and is implemented to a case study of the Oriskany Formation of the Appalachian sedimentary basin. The developed model allows for estimation of the CO2 sequestration resource of a storage formation with subsequent uncertainty analysis. Since the model is flexible with respect to changing input parameters and assumptions it can be parameterized to calculate the CO2 storage resource of any porous subsurface unit. The thesis continues with evaluation of the cost of CO2 injection and storage for the Oriskany Formation utilizing storage resource estimates generated by our geostatistical model. Our results indicate that the cost of sequestering CO2 has significant spatial variation due to heterogeneity of formation properties and site geology. We identify the low-cost areas within the Oriskany footprint. In general, these areas correspond to the deepest portions of the Appalachian basin and could be considered as potential CO2 injection sites for CCS industrial scale projects. Overall, we conclude that significant improvement can be made by integrating basin geology and spatial heterogeneity of formation petrophysical properties into CCS cost assessments, and that should be a focus of future research efforts. This will allow for more accurate cost estimates for the entire CCS system and identify areas of sedimentary basins with optimal conditions for CO2 injection and storage. To mitigate the effects of climate change, the U.S. will need a widespread deployment of low-carbon electricity generating technologies including natural gas and coal with CCS. More precise CO2 storage resource and CCS cost estimates will provide better recommendations for government and industry leaders and inform their decisions on what greenhouse gas mitigation measures are the best fit for their regions.
Inflationary vs. Reionization Features from Planck 2015 Data
Creators: name: Obied, Georges
name: Dvorkin, Cora
name: Heinrich, Chen
name: Hu, Wayne
name: Miranda, V
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Features during inflation and reionization leave corresponding features in the temperature and polarization power spectra that could potentially explain anomalies in the Planck 2015 data but require a joint analysis to disentangle. We study the interplay between these two effects using a model-independent parametrization of the inflationary power spectrum and the ionization history. Preference for a sharp suppression of large scale power is driven by a feature in the temperature power spectrum at multipoles $\ell \sim 20$, whereas preference for a component of high redshift ionization is driven by a sharp excess of polarization power at $\ell \sim 10$ when compared with the lowest multipoles. Marginalizing inflationary freedom does not weaken the preference for $z \gtrsim 10$ ionization, whereas marginalizing reionization freedom slightly enhances the preference for an inflationary feature but can also mask its direct signature in polarization. The inflation and reionization interpretation of these features makes predictions for the polarization spectrum which can be tested in future precision measurements especially at $10\lesssim \ell \lesssim 40$.
description: 12 pages, 15 figures, 3 tables; updated to match published version
Älteste Verwendung des Nusplinger Plattenkalks
Creators: name: Dietl, Gerd
name: Russ, Burkhart
name: Schweigert, Günter
Publisher: name: Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg
Year: 2011

description: Bei Ausschachtungen im Bereich vor der alten Stadtmauer von Nusplingen, die im Jahr 1633 bei einem Stadtbrand zerstört worden war, kamen überraschenderweise Kalkplatten des Nusplinger Plattenkalks zu Tage. Sie belegen zusammen mit Silbermünzen aus derselben Lage, dass der Nusplinger Plattenkalk mit hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit schon im ausgehenden Mittelalter lokal bekannt und für Wegbaumaßnahmen verwendet wurde.
description: Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg, Bd. 167 (2011): Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg, 167. Jahrgang
Development of Computational Tools for Computerized Training of Cryosurgery
Creators: name: Keelan, Robert L.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: Cryosurgery is the destruction of undesired tissue by freezing. Modern cryosurgery is performed by strategically inserting a number of cooling probes (cryoprobes) shaped like long hypodermic needles into the target region. Minimally invasive cryosurgery presents unique challenges to the clinician associated with the use of ultrasound (US) as the imaging modality, the selection of the cryoprobe configuration, the accurate placement of the cryoprobes, and the monitoring of the procedure through imaging and temperature measurements. Currently the cost of training clinicians to perform cryosurgery is exceptionally high because the procedure itself is very complex, and the learning process consists of a long residency period. The work presented in this thesis is part of an ongoing project between the Biothermal Technology Laboratory and the Computational Engineering and Robotics Laboratory at Carnegie Mellon University, to develop a computerized training platform that will teach clinicians how to perform the minimally invasive cryosurgery effectively and efficiently. This work uses prostate cryosurgery as a developmental model for verification and benchmarking of all algorithms. Towards that goal, this work provides many of the tools needed to create a virtual training environment. A cryosurgical training framework was presented to enable the diverse functionality of such a computerized training system. Next, a method for generating synthetic ultrasound images from a small library of samples was presented. This method is based off of a texture synthesis technique called “Image Analogies”. The algorithm generates realistic 3D ultrasound images from a small library of samples. Then, an improvement was made to an efficient bioheat transfer simulator. The implementation used GPU computing to achieve a 15x increase in performance over the previous state of the art approach. The enhanced bioheat simulator was leveraged in a cryosurgically relevant ultrasound simulator. The ultrasound simulator uses nonlinear ray-tracing and a novel energy propagation step to simulate imaging artifacts associated with cryoprobe insertion and the thermal field in real-time. Finally, an enhancement to the cryoprobe placement algorithm “bubble packing” was performed to enable the addition of geometric constraints. These geometric constraints allow more clinically relevant plans to be generated. It is the hope of the author that these tools will be the foundation of a fully immersive surgical simulator.
Three Dimensional Quantum Chromodynamics
Creators: name: Ferretti, G.
name: Rajeev, S. G.
name: Yang, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The subject of this talk was the review of our study of three ($2+1$) dimensional Quantum Chromodynamics. In our previous works, we showed the existence of a phase where parity is unbroken and the flavor group $U(2n)$ is broken to a subgroup $U(n)\times U(n)$. We derived the low energy effective action for the theory and showed that it has solitonic excitations with Fermi statistic, to be identified with the three dimensional ``baryon''. Finally, we studied the current algebra for this effective action and we found a co-homologically non trivial generalization of Kac-Moody algebras to three dimensions.
description: 7 pages, Plain TEX, talk presented by S.G. Rajeev at the XXVI INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS, DALLAS TX AUG. 1992
Der flexispinatum-Horizont – ein neuer Ammonitenfaunen-Horizont aus dem schwäbischen Ornatenton (Ober-Callovium, Mittlerer Jura)
Creators: name: Dietl, Gerd
Publisher: name: Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg
Year: 2011

description: Aus dem schwäbischen Ornatenton (Brauner Jura zeta, Callovium) der Zollernalb (mittlere Schwäbische Alb) vom Irrenberg bei Bisingen-Thanheim, wird ein neuer Faunenhorizont beschrieben: flexispinatum-Horizont, Subzone des Q. henrici, Zone des Q. lamberti, Ober-Callovium. Er ist hier durch eine große Aufsammlung von genau horizontierten Ammoniten gut belegt. Der flexispinatum-Horizont ist von großer Bedeutung für den Grenzbereich der Subzonen des Q. henrici/Q. lamberti. Er ist der Typushorizont von Flexispinites flexispinatum (Oppel) und wahrscheinlich auch von Kosmoceras spoliatum (Quenst.).
description: Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg, Bd. 167 (2011): Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg, 167. Jahrgang
Ram pressure stripping of disc galaxies orbiting in clusters. II. Galactic wakes
Creators: name: Roediger, E.
name: Brueggen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present 3D hydrodynamical simulations of ram pressure stripping of a disc galaxy orbiting in a galaxy cluster. In this paper, we focus on the properties of the galaxies' tails of stripped gas. The galactic wakes show a flaring width, where the flaring angle depends on the gas disc's cross-section with respect to the galaxy's direction of motion. The velocity in the wakes shows a significant turbulent component of a few 100 km/s. The stripped gas is deposited in the cluster rather locally, i.e. within ~150 kpc from where it was stripped. We demonstrate that the most important quantity governing the tail density, length and gas mass distribution along the orbit is the galaxy's mass loss per orbital length. This in turn depends on the ram pressure as well as the galaxy's orbital velocity. For a sensitivity limit of ~10^19 cm^-2 in projected gas density, we find typical tail lengths of 40 kpc. Such long tails are seen even at large distances (0.5 to 1 Mpc) from the cluster centre. At this sensitivity limit, the tails show little flaring, but a width similar to the gas disc's size. Morphologically, we find good agreement with the HI tails observed in the Virgo cluster by Chung et al. (2007). However, the observed tails show a much smaller velocity width than predicted from the simulation. The few known X-ray and H$α$ tails are generally much narrower and much straighter than the tails in our simulations. Thus, additional physics like a viscous ICM, the influence of cooling and tidal effects may be needed to explain the details of the observations. We discuss the hydrodynamical drag as a heat source for the ICM but conclude that it is not likely to play an important role, especially not in stopping cooling flows.
description: 23 pages, 23 figures, accepted by MNRAS. Additions to method, result and discussion section, references added. Results and conclusions essentially unchanged. high resolution pdf available at http://www.faculty.iu-bremen.de/eroediger/PAPERS/eroediger_wakes.pdf
Development of Aqueous ATRP for Biomedical Applications
Creators: name: Simakova, Antonina Alekseyevna
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Preparation of functional bio-responsive polymer-based materials is the subject of increasing research efforts. Such type of materials could find broad applications in biology and medicine due to their promising performance in the areas of drug and biomolecule delivery, tissue engineering and diagnostic systems. The preparation of such materials has significantly advanced over last 20 years due to the development of reversible deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) methods. Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), the most often used RDRP procedure, is a versatile and powerful technique for preparation of various functional polymers. Even though ATRP showed great potential for design and synthesis of materials for biomedical applications, there are still many improvements and innovations that should be made in order to effectively utilize this method for production of useful biomaterials. This dissertation seeks to obtain the information required for improving the understanding of several aspects of ATRP, primarily focusing on controlling the polymerization in aqueous media, and how this contributes to the preparation of materials relevant to the biomedical field. Accordingly, this dissertation is divided into VIII chapters, where Chapter I is an introduction to the ATRP in aqueous media and reviews state of the art of aqueous ATRP and materials prepared by this method. Protein-polymer hybrids (PPH) are commercially available therapeutics for treatment of various diseases. Over the last decade the traditional procedure employed for preparation of PPHs had been “grafting-to”, i.e. attaching a preformed polymer to a biomolecule. This technique was challenged by a new approach “grafting-from”, where a well-defined polymer can be grown directly from a specific site on a biomolecule. This method significantly improves purification procedures and yield, which can potentially bring the cost down. Grafting-from requires performing the polymerization under aqueous conditions, optimally under biocompatible conditions. However, conducting ATRP in homogeneous aqueous media is inherently difficult due to multiple side reactions and high reaction rates.
A universally enhanced light-quarks Yukawa couplings paradigm
Creators: name: Bar-Shalom, Shaouly
name: Soni, Amarjit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose that natural TeV-scale new physics (NP) with ${\cal O}(1)$ couplings to the standard model (SM) quarks may lead to a universal enhancement of the Yukawa couplings of all the light quarks, perhaps to a size comparable to that of the SM b-quark Yukawa coupling, i.e., $y_q \sim {\cal O}(y_b^{SM})$ for $q=u,d,c,s$. This scenario is described within an effective field theory (EFT) extension of the SM, for which a potential contribution of certain dimension six effective operators to the light quarks Yukawa couplings is $y_q \sim {\cal O} \left( f \frac{v^2}{Λ^2} \right)$, where $v$ is the Higgs vacuum expectation value (VEV), $v=246$ GeV, $Λ$ is the typical scale of the underlying heavy NP and $f$ is the corresponding Wilson coefficient which depends on its properties and details. In particular, we study the case of $y_q \sim 0.025 \sim y_b^{SM}$, which is the typical size of the enhanced light-quark Yukawa couplings if the NP scale is around $Λ\sim 1.5$ TeV and the NP couplings are natural, i.e., $f \sim {\cal O}(1)$. We also explore this enhanced light quarks Yukawa paradigm in extensions of the SM which contain TeV-scale vector-like quarks and we match them to the specific higher dimensional effective operators in the EFT description. We discuss the constraints on this scenario and the flavor structure of the underlying NP dynamics and suggest some resulting "smoking gun" signals that should be searched for at the LHC, such as multi-Higgs production $pp \to hh,hhh$ and single Higgs production in association with a high $p_T$ jet ($j$) or photon $pp \to hj,h γ$ and with a single top-quark $pp \to h t$.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables
The Effect of $α$-Vacua on the Scalar and Tensor Spectral Indices: Slow-Roll Approximation
Creators: name: Nezhad, H. Bouzari
name: Shojai, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the duration of inflation is finite, imposing the initial condition in infinite past, i.e. the Bunch-Davies vacuum, is inherently ambiguous. In this paper, we resort to the mixed states as initial condition which are called the $α$-vacua and then introduce a physical momentum cutoff $Λ$ [Danielsson:2002kx], in which the evolution of perturbations begins. We show that the initial time $t_i$, when the initial condition is imposed, depends on the wave number of fluctuation, as it is for the time of horizon crossing, $t_q$. Then we calculate the corrections to the scalar and tensor power spectra and their corresponding spectral indices. Throughout this work, the calculation is done up to the first order in slow-roll parameters. We indicate that the leading order corrections to the spectral indices have a $q$-dependent amplitude, $2ε_{f}[2ε_{f}(\frac{q}{q_{f}})^{4ε+4η}-η_{f}(\frac{q}{q_{f}})^{3ε+ξ}]$ times a $q$-dependent oscillatory part, $\cos(\frac{2Λ(q/q_{f})^ε}{H_{f}})$, where $H$, $ε$, $η$, and $ξ$ are the Hubble and slow-roll parameters respectively, and the subscript $f$ denotes that these quantities are evaluated at the time when the first scale, $q_{f}$, satisfies the initial condition, i.e. $q=a(t_i)Λ$.
description: 32 pages, 4 figure
Development of an Energy Determination Algorithm and the Optimized Detector Design for an Ultrahigh-Energy Cosmic Neutrino Experiment
Creators: name: Tang, Zhen
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 20399 Classical Physics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this thesis, we discuss the optimization procedure for the TAUWER (TAU shoWER) experiment, which is designed to detect showers generated by Earth-skimming neutrinos. Monte Carlo Simulations are done through CORSIKA (COsmic Ray SImulations for KAscade) software to provide us with detailed information about hit patterns on the detector array from these showers. We use this to determine the trigger conditions, rates, and optimal detector layout. We also use machine learning classification methods to generate classifiers to assign the energy scale for observed showers.
Double Beta Decay with Vector Majorons
Creators: name: Carone, Christopher D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the possibility that neutrinoless double beta decay may occur in models with unbroken lepton number via the emission of a massive gauge boson with electron lepton number $-2$. We determine the shape of the $β\,β$ sum energy spectrum as a function of the gauge coupling, independent of model-specific details. We discuss our results in light of the persistent experimental claims that excess events are observed near but below the spectrum endpoint of several elements.
description: 6 pages (LaTeX, with the macro HUTP.sty included), 1 Topdrawer figure not included, available upon request, Harvard University Preprint HUTP-93/A007
PROVINCE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA DEPARTMENT OF LANDS HON. A. W. GRAY, Minister. H. CATHCART, Deputy Minister. P. Z. CAVERHILL, Chief Forester. REPORT OF THE FOREST BRANCH FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31ST 1933
Creators: name: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
Publisher: name: Victoria, BC : Government Printer
Year: 2016

Abstract
Free Field Representation for the Classical Limit of Quantum Affine Algebra
Creators: name: Lukyanov, Sergei
name: Shatashvili, Samson L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Free field representation for the classical limit of quantum affine algebra is constructed by simple deformation of the known expressions from WZW theory.
description: 7p, IASSNS-HEP-92/62, RU-92/37
Planar Limit of Orientifold Field Theories and Emergent Center Symmetry
Creators: name: Armoni, Adi
name: Shifman, Mikhail
name: Unsal, Mithat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider orientifold field theories (i.e. SU(N) Yang--Mills theories with fermions in the two-index symmetric or antisymmetric representations) on R3xS1 where the compact dimension can be either temporal or spatial. These theories are planar equivalent to supersymmetric Yang--Mills. The latter has Z_N center symmetry. The famous Polyakov criterion establishing confinement-deconfinement phase transition as that from Z_N symmetric to Z_N broken phase applies. At the Lagrangian level the orientifold theories have at most a Z_2 center. We discuss how the full Z_N center symmetry dynamically emerges in the orientifold theories in the limit N-->infinity. In the confining phase the manifestation of this enhancement is the existence of stable k-strings in the large-N limit of the orientifold theories. These strings are identical to those of supersymmetric Yang--Mills theories. We argue that critical temperatures (and other features) of the confinement-deconfinement phase transition are the same in the orientifold daughters and their supersymmetric parent up to 1/N corrections. We also discuss the Abelian and non-Abelian confining regimes of four-dimensional QCD-like theories.
description: 28 pages, 1 figure. v2: typos corrected, refs. added
Evidence of the virtual Anderson transition in a narrow impurity band of p-GaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells: $ε_4$ conductivity and electric breakdown at low temperatures
Creators: name: Agrinskaya, N. V.
name: Kozub, V. I.
name: Shamshur, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In highly doped uncompensated p-type layers within the central part of GaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells at low temperatures we observed an activated behavior of the conductivity with low activation energies (1-3) meV which can not be ascribed to standard mechanisms. We attribute this behavior to the delocalization of hole states near the maximum of the narrow impurity band in the sense of the Anderson transition. Low temperature conduction $ε_4$ is supported by an activation of minority carriers - electrons (resulting from a weak compensation by back-ground defects) - from the Fermi level to the band of delocalized states mentioned above. The corresponding behavior can be specified as virtual Anderson transition. Low temperature transport ($<4$ K) exhibits also strong nonlinearity of a breakdown type characterized in particular by S-shaped I-V curve. The nonlinearity is observed in unexpectedly low fields ($<10$ V/cm). Such a behavior can be explained by a simple model implying an impact ionization of the localized states of the minority carriers mentioned above to the band of Anderson-delocalized states.
description: 9 pages, 6 fig
Development of a Decision Aid for Energy Resource Management for the Navajo Nation Incorporating Environmental Cultural Values
Creators: name: Necefer, Len Edward
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 99999 Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: Decision-making surrounding pathways of future energy resource management are complexity and requires balancing tradeoffs of multiple environmental, social, economic, and technical outcomes. Technical decision aid can provide a framework for informed decision making, allowing individuals to better understand the tradeoff between resources, technology, energy services, and prices. While technical decision aid have made significant advances in evaluating these quantitative aspects of energy planning and performance, they have not been designed to incorporate human factors, such as preferences and behavior that are informed by cultural values. Incorporating cultural values into decision tools can provide not only an improved decision framework for the Navajo Nation, but also generate new insights on how these perspective can improve decision making on energy resources. Ensuring these aids are a cultural fit for each context has the potential to increase trust and promote understanding of the tradeoffs involved in energy resource management. In this dissertation I present the development of a technical tool that explicitly addresses cultural and spiritual values and experimentally assesses their influence on the preferences and decision making of Navajo citizens. Chapter 2 describes the results of a public elicitation effort to gather information about stakeholder views and concerns related to energy development in the Navajo Nation in order to develop a larger sample survey and a decision-support tool that links techno-economic energy models with sociocultural attributes. Chapter 3 details the methods of developing the energy decision aid and its underlying assumptions for alternative energy projects and their impacts. This tool also provides an alternative to economic valuation of cultural impacts based upon an ordinal index tied to environmental impacts. Chapter 4 details the the influence of various cultural, environmental, and economic outcome information provided through the developed decision aid on beliefs and preferences related to the type and scale of energy development, trust of decision makers, and larger concern for environmental protection. Finally, chapter 5 presents concluding thoughts future research and on how technical-social decision tools can provide a means ensuring effective decision making on the Navajo Nation and other American Indian communities.
Massenaussterben und ihre Bedeutung für die Evolution
Creators: name: Kull, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg
Year: 2011

description: Massenextinktionen sind Folge besonderer Ereignisse in geologisch sehr kurzen Zeitspannen und dadurch von der Hintergrund-Extinktion zu unterscheiden. Letztere ist Folge von Veränderungen der abiotischen oder biotischen Umwelt; dazu gehören auch globale Klimaveränderungen und Meeresspiegelschwankungen in langen Zeiträumen sowie Veränderungen der chemischen Zusammensetzung des Meerwassers. Im Phanerozoikum hat es fünf auffällige Massenaussterben gegeben (die „big five“). Deren allgemeine Charakteristika werden behandelt und als Beispiele dazu vor allem Vorgänge des Kreide/Paläogen-Ereignisses herangezogen. Dieses Ereignis wurde sehr wahrscheinlich durch den Einschlag eines Himmelskörpers hervorgerufen; etliche Folgen für die Evolution werden beschrieben. Die größte Katastrophe im Phanerozoikum war das Perm/Trias-Ereignis, bei dem es zur globalen Anoxie des Weltmeeres kam. Seine letzte Ursache ist unbekannt. Weitere Massenextinktionen zu Ende von Trias und Ordovizium sowie im Spätdevon werden kurz behandelt. Ein Blick auf die „kambrische Faunenwende“ (Ediacarium/Kambrium) zeigt, dass eine erste Radiation der Metazoa schon im Neoproterozoikum stattgefunden hat, der nach der drastischen Veränderung der Umweltbedingungen eine zweite im frühen und mittleren Kambrium folgt – vergleichbar den Radiationen der Säuger in der Kreide und im Paläogen. Eine einheitliche Erklärung für alle Massenaussterben gibt es nicht; auch sind sie in zwar geologisch jeweils kurzer Zeitspanne, aber doch unterschiedlich rasch abgelaufen. Die Extinktion bzw. Dezimierung betraf bei den verschiedenen Ereignissen jeweils unterschiedliche Taxa; der vollständige ökologische Ersatz erforderte 5–20 Millionen Jahre.
description: Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg, Bd. 167 (2011): Jahreshefte der Gesellschaft für Naturkunde in Württemberg, 167. Jahrgang
Yukawa correction to top-quark production at the Tevatron
Creators: name: Stange, Alan
name: Willenbrock, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the correction to $\qbq\to\tbt$ of order $\gmm$. This correction, proportional to the square of the Higgs-boson Yukawa coupling to the top quark, arises from loops of Higgs bosons and the scalar component of virtual vector bosons. The Yukawa correction to the total \tbt\ production cross section at the Fermilab Tevatron in the standard Higgs model is found to be much less than the theoretical uncertainty in the cross section. However, in a two-Higgs-doublet model, Yukawa couplings are generally enhanced. The Yukawa correction can increase the total $t\bar t$ production cross section in this model by as much as $20$-$35\%$, which is potentially observable at the Tevatron.
description: 16 pages, Fermilab-pub-93/027-T, BNL-48577