cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Physics-Informed Neural Nets for Control of Dynamical Systems
Creators: name: Antonelo, Eric Aislan
name: Camponogara, Eduardo
name: Seman, Laio Oriel
name: de Souza, Eduardo Rehbein
name: Jordanou, Jean P.
name: Hubner, Jomi F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) impose known physical laws into the learning of deep neural networks, making sure they respect the physics of the process while decreasing the demand of labeled data. For systems represented by Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs), the conventional PINN has a continuous time input variable and outputs the solution of the corresponding ODE. In their original form, PINNs do not allow control inputs, neither can they simulate for variable long-range intervals without serious degradation in their predictions. In this context, this work presents a new framework called Physics-Informed Neural Nets for Control (PINC), which proposes a novel PINN-based architecture that is amenable to control problems and able to simulate for longer-range time horizons that are not fixed beforehand, making it a very flexible framework when compared to traditional PINNs. Furthermore, this long-range time simulation of differential equations is faster than numerical methods since it relies only on signal propagation through the network, making it less computationally costly and, thus, a better alternative for simulation of models in Model Predictive Control. We showcase our proposal in the control of two nonlinear dynamic systems: the Van der Pol oscillator and the four-tank system.
Multimodal Fusion of EMG and Vision for Human Grasp Intent Inference in Prosthetic Hand Control
Creators: name: Zandigohar, Mehrshad
name: Han, Mo
name: Sharif, Mohammadreza
name: Gunay, Sezen Yagmur
name: Furmanek, Mariusz P.
name: Yarossi, Mathew
name: Bonato, Paolo
name: Onal, Cagdas
name: Padir, Taskin
name: Erdogmus, Deniz
name: Schirner, Gunar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: I.5.4; I.2.9

description: Objective: For transradial amputees, robotic prosthetic hands promise to regain the capability to perform daily living activities. Current control methods based on physiological signals such as electromyography (EMG) are prone to yielding poor inference outcomes due to motion artifacts, muscle fatigue, and many more. Vision sensors are a major source of information about the environment state and can play a vital role in inferring feasible and intended gestures. However, visual evidence is also susceptible to its own artifacts, most often due to object occlusion, lighting changes, etc. Multimodal evidence fusion using physiological and vision sensor measurements is a natural approach due to the complementary strengths of these modalities. Methods: In this paper, we present a Bayesian evidence fusion framework for grasp intent inference using eye-view video, eye-gaze, and EMG from the forearm processed by neural network models. We analyze individual and fused performance as a function of time as the hand approaches the object to grasp it. For this purpose, we have also developed novel data processing and augmentation techniques to train neural network components. Results: Our results indicate that, on average, fusion improves the instantaneous upcoming grasp type classification accuracy while in the reaching phase by 13.66% and 14.8%, relative to EMG (81.64% non-fused) and visual evidence (80.5% non-fused) individually, resulting in an overall fusion accuracy of 95.3%. Conclusion: Our experimental data analyses demonstrate that EMG and visual evidence show complementary strengths, and as a consequence, fusion of multimodal evidence can outperform each individual evidence modality at any given time.
Generating Physical Dynamics under Priors
Creators: name: Zhou, Zihan
name: Wang, Xiaoxue
name: Yu, Tianshu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Generating physically feasible dynamics in a data-driven context is challenging, especially when adhering to physical priors expressed in specific equations or formulas. Existing methodologies often overlook the integration of physical priors, resulting in violation of basic physical laws and suboptimal performance. In this paper, we introduce a novel framework that seamlessly incorporates physical priors into diffusion-based generative models to address this limitation. Our approach leverages two categories of priors: 1) distributional priors, such as roto-translational invariance, and 2) physical feasibility priors, including energy and momentum conservation laws and PDE constraints. By embedding these priors into the generative process, our method can efficiently generate physically realistic dynamics, encompassing trajectories and flows. Empirical evaluations demonstrate that our method produces high-quality dynamics across a diverse array of physical phenomena with remarkable robustness, underscoring its potential to advance data-driven studies in AI4Physics. Our contributions signify a substantial advancement in the field of generative modeling, offering a robust solution to generate accurate and physically consistent dynamics.
Reviewing the GR Method for Estimating Black Hole Parameters of Megamaser Systems
Creators: name: González-Juárez, Adriana
name: Herrera-Aguilar, Alfredo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review a General Relativistic (GR) method to determine the black hole (BH) parameters: mass-to-distance ratio, position and recessional velocity of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) of Seyfert type, which have an accretion disk with water masers circulating around the BH. This GR method makes use of astrophysical observations: the redshifted and the blueshifted photons emitted from the aforementioned masers and their orbital position on the sky. In order to perform the estimations we implement a Bayesian statistical method to fit the above mentioned observational data. One of the main results of this work consists in analytically expressing the gravitational redshift, allowing us to quantify its magnitude for the photons emitted by the closest masers to the black holes. We present this quantity for several BHs hosted at the core of AGNs.
description: 9 pages in latex, 1 Table. Title changed, study of IC 2560 and UGC 3193 removed because the used data are not officially published
Inference of Upcoming Human Grasp Using EMG During Reach-to-Grasp Movement
Creators: name: Han, Mo
name: Zandigohar, Mehrshad
name: Gunay, Sezen Yagmur
name: Schirner, Gunar
name: Erdogmus, Deniz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Electromyography (EMG) data has been extensively adopted as an intuitive interface for instructing human-robot collaboration. A major challenge of the real-time detection of human grasp intent is the identification of dynamic EMG from hand movements. Previous studies mainly implemented steady-state EMG classification with a small number of grasp patterns on dynamic situations, which are insufficient to generate differentiated control regarding the muscular activity variation in practice. In order to better detect dynamic movements, more EMG variability could be integrated into the model. However, only limited research were concentrated on such detection of dynamic grasp motions, and most existing assessments on non-static EMG classification either require supervised ground-truth timestamps of the movement status, or only contain limited kinematic variations. In this study, we propose a framework for classifying dynamic EMG signals into gestures, and examine the impact of different movement phases, using an unsupervised method to segment and label the action transitions. We collected and utilized data from large gesture vocabularies with multiple dynamic actions to encode the transitions from one grasp intent to another based on common sequences of the grasp movements. The classifier for identifying the gesture label was constructed afterwards based on the dynamic EMG signal, with no supervised annotation of kinematic movements required. Finally, we evaluated the performances of several training strategies using EMG data from different movement phases, and explored the information revealed from each phase. All experiments were evaluated in a real-time style with the performance transitions over time presented.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2104.03893
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor in children: A single-institute retrospective analysis
Creators: name: An, Hong Yul
name: Hong, Kyung Taek
name: Kang, Hyoung Jin
name: Choi, Jung Yoon
name: CheRy Hong
name: Hyun-Young Kim
name: Choi, Tae Hyun
name: Kang, Chang Hyun
name: Kim, Han-Soo
name: Cheon, Jung-Eun
name: Sung-Hye Park
name: Park, June Dong
name: Park, Kyung Duk
name: Shin, Hee Young
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors are rare tumors that originate from Schwann cells. Patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 are prone to develop these tumors. Due to their rarity and lack of established treatment, the prognosis of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors is poor. A retrospective study was conducted on children treated for malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors at the Seoul National University Children's Hospital between 2007 and 2016. Eleven patients were diagnosed with malignant nerve sheath tumors at a median age of 12 years, eight of whom had neurofibromatosis type 1. All the patients underwent chemotherapy and received surgical resection, and 5 patients relapsed. The 2-year overall survival rate was 72.7%, and the 2-year event-free survival rate was 58.2%. Univariate analysis was performed to assess the correlations between the clinical factors. There was no statistically significant difference in the overall survival rate according to the patients' clinical factors. However, there was a decreasing trend in the relationship between the event-free survival rate and the prevalence of neurofibromatosis type 1. Regular follow up of neurofibromatosis type 1. Regular follow-up of neurofibromatosis type 1 patients may identify detection of early relapse of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. Genetic studies of these patients and tumors may identify opportunities for targeted therapy.
Propagating wave correlations in complex systems
Creators: name: Creagh, Stephen C
name: Gradoni, Gabriele
name: Hartmann, Timo
name: Tanner, Gregor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a novel approach for computing wave correlation functions inside finite spatial domains driven by complex and statistical sources. By exploiting semiclassical approximations, we provide explicit algorithms to calculate the local mean of these correlation functions in terms of the underlying classical dynamics. By defining appropriate ensemble averages, we show that fluctuations about the mean can be characterised in terms of classical correlations. We give in particular an explicit expression relating fluctuations of diagonal contributions to those of the full wave correlation function. The methods have a wide range of applications both in quantum mechanics and for classical wave problems such as in vibro-acoustics and electromagnetism. We apply the methods here to simple quantum systems, so-called quantum maps, which model the behaviour of generic problems on Poincaré sections. Although low-dimensional, these models exhibit a chaotic classical limit and share common characteristics with wave propagation in complex structures.
Generic Vanishing, 1-forms, and Topology of Albanese Maps
Creators: name: Dutta, Yajnaseni
name: Hao, Feng
name: Liu, Yongqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: primary 32Q55, 32S60, 14K12, 14C30 secondary 14F40

description: Given a bounded constructible complex of sheaves $\mathcal{F}$ on a complex Abelian variety, we prove an equality relating the cohomology jump loci of $\mathcal{F}$ and its singular support. As an application, we identify two subsets of the set of holomorphic 1-forms with zeros on a complex smooth projective irregular variety $X$; one from Green-Lazarsfeld's cohomology jump loci and one from the Kashiwara's estimates for singular supports. This result is related to Kotschick's conjecture about the equivalence between the existence of nowhere vanishing global holomorphic 1-forms and the existence of a fibre bundle structure over the circle. Our results give a conjecturally equivalent formulation using singular support, which is equivalent to a criterion involving cohomology jump loci proposed by Schreieder. As another application, we reprove a recent result proved by Schreieder and Yang; namely if $X$ has simple Albanese variety and admits a fibre bundle structure over the circle, then the Albanese morphism cohomologically behaves like a smooth morphism with respect to integer coefficients.
 In a related direction, we address the question whether the set of 1-forms that vanish somewhere is a finite union of linear subspaces of $H^0(X,Ω_X^1)$. We show that this is indeed the case for forms admitting zero locus of codimension 1.
description: Final version to appear in Math Zeitschrift: rewrote the introduction and abstract from a slightly different perspective. Shortened exposition, with some deleted proofs as per referee's comments. Added a special case of the main theorem in positive characteristics (Proposition 3.7). 18 pages, comments are very welcome
Wide moments of $L$-functions I: Twists by class group characters of imaginary quadratic fields
Creators: name: Nordentoft, Asbjorn Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We calculate certain "wide moments" of central values of Rankin--Selberg $L$-functions $L(π\otimes Ω, 1/2)$ where $π$ is a cuspidal automorphic representation of $\mathrm{GL}_2$ over $\mathbb{Q}$ and $Ω$ is a Hecke character (of conductor $1$) of an imaginary quadratic field. This moment calculation is applied to obtain "weak simultaneous" non-vanishing results, which are non-vanishing results for different Rankin--Selberg $L$-functions where the product of the twists is trivial.
 The proof relies on relating the wide moments to the usual moments of automorphic forms evaluated at Heegner points using Waldspurger's formula. To achieve this, a classical version of Waldspurger's formula for general weight automorphic forms is derived, which might be of independent interest. A key input is equidistribution of Heegner points (with explicit error-terms) together with non-vanishing results for certain period integrals. In particular, we develop a soft technique for obtaining non-vanishing of triple convolution $L$-functions.
description: 33 pages, minor changes in the introduction
Training on the Benchmark Is Not All You Need
Creators: name: Ni, Shiwen
name: Kong, Xiangtao
name: Li, Chengming
name: Hu, Xiping
name: Xu, Ruifeng
name: Zhu, Jia
name: Yang, Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The success of Large Language Models (LLMs) relies heavily on the huge amount of pre-training data learned in the pre-training phase. The opacity of the pre-training process and the training data causes the results of many benchmark tests to become unreliable. If any model has been trained on a benchmark test set, it can seriously hinder the health of the field. In order to automate and efficiently test the capabilities of large language models, numerous mainstream benchmarks adopt a multiple-choice format. As the swapping of the contents of multiple-choice options does not affect the meaning of the question itself, we propose a simple and effective data leakage detection method based on this property. Specifically, we shuffle the contents of the options in the data to generate the corresponding derived data sets, and then detect data leakage based on the model's log probability distribution over the derived data sets. If there is a maximum and outlier in the set of log probabilities, it indicates that the data is leaked. Our method is able to work under gray-box conditions without access to model training data or weights, effectively identifying data leakage from benchmark test sets in model pre-training data, including both normal scenarios and complex scenarios where options may have been shuffled intentionally or unintentionally. Through experiments based on two LLMs and benchmark designs, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our method. In addition, we evaluate the degree of data leakage of 35 mainstream open-source LLMs on four benchmark datasets and give a ranking of the leaked LLMs for each benchmark, and we find that the Qwen family of LLMs has the highest degree of data leakage.
Uniform convergence of Green's functions
Creators: name: Kalmykov, Sergei
name: Kovalev, Leonid V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 31A15, 31A05, 31A25

description: Given a sequence of regular planar domains converging in the sense of kernel, we prove that the corresponding Green's functions converge uniformly on the complex sphere, provided the limit domain is also regular, and the connectivity is uniformly bounded.
description: 6 pages
Two-Loop Renormalization of Quantum Gravity Simplified
Creators: name: Bern, Zvi
name: Chi, Huan-Hang
name: Dixon, Lance
name: Edison, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coefficient of the dimensionally regularized two-loop R^3 divergence of (nonsupersymmetric) gravity theories has recently been shown to change when non-dynamical three forms are added to the theory, or when a pseudo-scalar is replaced by the anti-symmetric two-form field to which it is dual. This phenomenon involves evanescent operators, whose matrix elements vanish in four dimensions, including the Gauss-Bonnet operator which is also connected to the trace anomaly. On the other hand, these effects appear to have no physical consequences in renormalized scattering processes. In particular, the dependence of the two-loop four-graviton scattering amplitude on the renormalization scale is simple. In this paper, we explain this result for any minimally-coupled massless gravity theory with renormalizable matter interactions by using unitarity cuts in four dimensions and never invoking evanescent operators.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures, revtex
Marginally-Stable Thermal Equilibria of Rayleigh-Bénard Convection
Creators: name: O'Connor, Liam
name: Lecoanet, Daniel
name: Anders, Evan H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Natural convection is ubiquitous throughout the physical sciences and engineering, yet many of its important properties remain elusive. To study convection in a novel context, we derive and solve a quasilinear form of the Rayleigh-Bénard problem by representing the perturbations in terms of marginally-stable eigenmodes. The amplitude of each eigenmode is determined by requiring that the background state maintains marginal stability. The background temperature profile evolves due to the advective flux of every marginally-stable eigenmode, as well as diffusion. To ensure marginal stability and to obtain the eigenfunctions at every timestep, we perform a one-dimensional eigenvalue solve on each of the allowable wavenumbers. The background temperature field evolves to an equilibrium state, where the advective flux from the marginally-stable eigenmodes and the diffusive flux sum to a constant. These marginally-stable thermal equilibria (MSTE) are exact solutions of the quasilinear equations. The mean temperature profile has thinner boundary layers and larger Nusselt numbers than thermally-equilibrated 2D and 3D simulations of the full nonlinear equations. We find the Nusselt number scales like $\rm{Nu} \sim\rm{Ra}^{1/3}$. When an MSTE is used as initial conditions for a 2D simulation, we find that Nu quickly equilibrates without the burst of turbulence often induced by purely conductive initial conditions, but we also find that the kinetic energy is too large and viscously attenuates on a long viscous time scale. This is due to the thin temperature boundary layers which diffuse heat very effectively, thereby requiring high-velocity advective flows to reach an equilibrium.
Governments imagining their citizens: figures of exclusion from Hawke to Howard
Creators: name: Sarian, Emma
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: The aim of this thesis is to suggest that citizenship's role in defining inclusion within a national space can be understood not only in terms of formal juridico-political rights but also in terms of cultural technologies of power. This particular focus is adopted in order to make sense of the ways in which the formally inclusive institution of Australian citizenship has long served to exclude migrant subjects and bodies from the physical and symbolic space of the nation. Using Foucault’s notion of governmentality together with Butler’s concept of performativity, this thesis seeks to trace the ways in which the liberal political rationality underlying constructions of ‘inclusive’ citizenship reproduces the discourse of Whiteness. More than this, the thesis suggests that such state articulations of citizenship, in deploying this liberal governmentality, work as tools to regulate the population through the resignification of bodies in terms of the self-regulating, invisible White subject and its regulated, conspicuous Other. Focusing particularly on the Hawke and Howard governments, this thesis will consider three key moments that are cited in histories of Australian migrant policy, examining the official position adopted by government in the context of these moments through speeches and policy papers, with a view to understanding how the citizen is discursively positioned in these texts.
Identifying heavy health care users among primary care patients with chronic non-cancer pain
Creators: name: Antaky, Elie
name: Lalonde, Lyne
name: Schnitzer, Mireille E.
name: Élisabeth Martin
name: Djamal Berbiche
name: Perreault, Sylvie
name: Lussier, David
name: Choinière, Manon
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Objective: The objective of this study was to identify biopsychosocial factors predicting primary care chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) patients’ risk of being heavy health care users. Methods: Patients reporting moderate to severe CNCP for at least 6 months with an active analgesic prescription from a primary care physician were recruited in community pharmacies. Recruited patients completed questionnaires documenting biopsychosocial characteristics. Using administrative databases, direct costs were estimated for health care services used by each patient in the year preceding and following the recruitment. Heavy health care users were defined as patients in the highest annual direct health care costs quartile. Logistic multivariate regression models using the Akaike information criterion were developed to identify predictors of heavy health care use. Results: The median annual direct health care cost incurred by heavy health care users (n = 63) was CAD (Canadian dollars) 7627, versus CAD 1554 for standard health care users (n = 188). The final predictive model of the risks of being a heavy health care user included pain located in the lower body (odds ratio [OR] = 3.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20–7.65), pain-related disability (OR = 1.24; 95% CI, 1.03–1.48), and health care costs incurred in the year prior to recruitment (OR = 17.67; 95% CI, 7.90–39.48). Variables in the model also included sex, comorbidity, patients’ depression level, and attitudes toward medical pain cure. Conclusion: Patients suffering from CNCP in the lower body and showing greater disability were more likely to be heavy health care users, even after adjusting for previous-year direct health care costs. Improving pain management for these patients could have positive impacts on health care use and costs.
Large-scale anisotropy of Galactic cosmic rays as a probe of local cosmic-ray propagation
Creators: name: Li, Ai-feng
name: Yuan, Qiang
name: Liu, Wei
name: Guo, Yi-qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent studies have shown that the anisotropy is of great value to decipher cosmic rays' origin and propagation. We have built an unified scenario to describe the observations of the energy spectra and the large-scale anisotropy and called attention to their synchronously evolution with energy. In this work, the impact of of the local regular magnetic field (LRMF) and corresponding anisotropic diffusion on large-scale anisotropy have been investigated. When the perpendicular diffusion coefficient is much smaller than the parallel one, the dipole anisotropy points to the LRMF and the observational phase below $100$ TeV could be reproduced. Moreover we find that the dipole phase above $100$ TeV strongly depends on the evolution of local diffusion. But the current measurements at that energy are still scarce. We suggest that more precise measurements at that energy could be carried out to unveil the local diffusion and further the local turbulence.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Machine Learning-Based Semantic Entity Alignment for Multi-Source Data: a Systematic Literature Review
Creators: name: Boyko, Alex
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: It has become more common to store data about real-world entities, where this data is often distributed across multiple data sources. Entity alignment helps with merging and managing such data by identifying and linking similar entities stored in each of the data sources. Many machine learning-based semantic entity alignment approaches have been proposed by the recent studies in the field. The goal of this systematic literature review is to give an overview of the most recent studies that address entity alignment, as well as to answer some of the research questions that are formulated based on the current research trends in this field. In this study we investigate and summarize two novel methods to compute semantic similarity, two metrics used to measure the quality of semantic similarity between knowledge base entities, and seven state-of-the-art ML-based semantic entity alignment approaches. We also investigate recent studies that touch upon user experience, privacy preservation, decentralized environment and other properties related to entity alignment. We conclude this study with an overview of the main findings presented in a table and graphic forms. We also present a taxonomy of results that can be used by other researchers in this field to get a clear overview of the most recent ML-based semantic entity alignment methods.
Score-Based Point Cloud Denoising
Creators: name: Luo, Shitong
name: Hu, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Point clouds acquired from scanning devices are often perturbed by noise, which affects downstream tasks such as surface reconstruction and analysis. The distribution of a noisy point cloud can be viewed as the distribution of a set of noise-free samples $p(x)$ convolved with some noise model $n$, leading to $(p * n)(x)$ whose mode is the underlying clean surface. To denoise a noisy point cloud, we propose to increase the log-likelihood of each point from $p * n$ via gradient ascent -- iteratively updating each point's position. Since $p * n$ is unknown at test-time, and we only need the score (i.e., the gradient of the log-probability function) to perform gradient ascent, we propose a neural network architecture to estimate the score of $p * n$ given only noisy point clouds as input. We derive objective functions for training the network and develop a denoising algorithm leveraging on the estimated scores. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed model outperforms state-of-the-art methods under a variety of noise models, and shows the potential to be applied in other tasks such as point cloud upsampling. The code is available at \url{https://github.com/luost26/score-denoise}.
description: ICCV 2021
Understanding smallholder farmers' capacity to respond to climate change in a coastal community in Central Vietnam
Creators: name: Phuong, Le Thi Hong
name: G. Robbert Biesbroek
name: Sen, Le Thi Hoa
name: Wals, Arjen E. J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Climate change as expressed by erratic rainfall, increased flooding, extended droughts, frequency tropical cyclones or saline water intrusion, poses severe threats to smallholder farmers in Vietnam. Adaptation of the agricultural sector is vital to increase the resilience of smallholder farmers’ livelihoods in times of climate change. To complement efforts already implemented by farmers to reduce social vulnerability it is important to understand how farmers perceive their current and future capacity to adapt to climate change. This paper aims to explore smallholder farmers’ capacity to respond to climate change in current and future agricultural production. We carried out open, in-depth interviews (n = 13), focus group discussions, and structured interviews (n = 114) in the Thua Thien Hue province. Our findings show that farmers nowadays experience more extreme climate variability. Farmers report increasing stresses due to temperature increase and droughts. The autonomous adaptation strategies adopted by farmers include; adjusting the season calendar, using tolerant varieties and breeds, applying integrated crop production models, and income diversification. The motives for adopting particular planned adaptation options differ between farmers in crop production and livestock production. Four factors were found to be significant (p
Sc and neutron-capture abundances in Galactic low- and high-alpha field halo stars
Creators: name: Fishlock, C. K.
name: Yong, D.
name: Karakas, A. I.
name: Alves-Brito, A.
name: Melendez, J.
name: Nissen, P. E.
name: Kobayashi, C.
name: Casey, A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine relative abundance ratios for the neutron-capture elements Zr, La, Ce, Nd, and Eu for a sample of 27 Galactic dwarf stars with -1.5 < [Fe/H]
description: MNRAS in press
title: ADCO, Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome VI, Cart. 190 (11 H 75), 316 folios, f. 0116v
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire

description: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome VI, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 190 (11 H 75), 316 folios, f. 0116v, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome VI, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 190 (11 H 75), 316 folios, f. 0116v, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
Degeneracy breaking of Wood's anomaly for enhanced refractive index sensing
Creators: name: Eitan, Michal
name: Iluz, Zeev
name: Yifat, Yuval
name: Boag, Amir
name: Hanein, Yael
name: Scheuer, Jacob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce an ultrasensitive detection technique for refractive index (RI) sensing based on an array of nanometer scale slot-antennas milled in a thin gold layer using a single lithographic step. Our experimental figures of merit (FOMs) of 140-210 in the telecom wavelength range approach the fundamental limit for standard propagating SPR sensors (~250).The underlying mechanism enabling this is the combination of a narrowband resonance of the slot-antennas with degeneracy breaking of Wood anomaly under slightly non-perpendicular illumination. In addition, we explore the sensitivity of the device to the depth of the analyte layer. This concept can be easily tuned to any desired wavelength and RI range by modifying the slot dimensions and the array spacing, thus rendering it highly useful for numerous sensing applications.
The bipartite Ramsey numbers $BR(C_8, C_{2n})$
Creators: name: Gholami, Mostafa
name: Rowshan, Yaser
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For the given bipartite graphs $G_1,G_2,\ldots,G_t$, the multicolor bipartite Ramsey number $BR(G_1,G_2,\ldots,G_t)$ is the smallest positive integer $b$ such that any $t$-edge-coloring of $K_{b,b}$ contains a monochromatic subgraph isomorphic to $G_i$, colored with the $i$th color for some $1\leq i\leq t$. We compute the exact values of the bipartite Ramsey numbers $BR(C_8,C_{2n})$ for $n\geq2$.
Evidence for abnormal H$α$ variability during near-transit observations of HD 189733 b
Creators: name: Cauley, P. Wilson
name: Redfield, Seth
name: Jensen, Adam G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Changes in levels of stellar activity can mimic absorption signatures in transmission spectra from circumplanetary material. The frequency and magnitude of these changes is thus important to understand in order to attribute any particular signal to the circumplanetary environment. We present short-cadence, high-resolution out-of-transit H$α$ spectra for the hot Jupiter host HD 189733 in order to establish the frequency and magnitude of intrinsic stellar variations in the H$α$ line core. We find that changes in the line core strength similar to those observed immediately pre- and post-transit in two independent data sets are uncommon. This suggests that the observed near-transit signatures are either due to absorbing circumplanetary material or occur preferentially in time very near planetary transits. In either case, the evidence for abnormal H$α$ variability is strengthened, although the short-cadence out-of-transit data do not argue for circumplanetary absorption versus stellar activity caused by a star-planet interaction. Further out-of-transit monitoring at higher signal-to-noise would be useful to more strictly constrain the frequency of the near-transit changes in the H$α$ line core.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures, accepted to AJ on 03/06/2017
Thermal metamorphic schists adjacent to the Walcha Road Adamellite, New England, New South Wales
Creators: name: Teale, Graham S.
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: The forceful intrusion of the Walcha Road Adamellite has resulted in the development of a schistose fabric in the intruded sediments. As the contact is approached the regional structure is altered so as to concordantly wrap the Walcha Road Pluton, and at the immediate contact, a "migmatitic" zone is developed. This "miginatitic" zone represents the highest metamorphic grade reached in the Walcha Road aureole, with the development of cordierite- K-feldspar bearing schists and "gneisses". Further from the contact another four distinct metamorphic zones are present. The first indication of aureole conditions is the formation of biotite at approximately 3.0km from the contact, the incoming of biotite representing the commencement of the biotite zone. With increasing metamorphic grade the andalusite zone is entered followed by the cordierite and cordierite-almandine zones. The varying dimensions of the cordierite zone are attributed to the presence of graphitic sediments, the graphite in these sediments lowering PH₂0 and allowing the cordierite forming reaction to proceed at a lower temperature. -- A thorough geochemical and petrological investigation of the metamorphic zones of the Walcha Road aureole has resulted in the delineation of three metamorphic reactions, namely: (a) Muscovite + chlorite + 3 quartz ---» 2 cordierite + biotite + 8H₂0 ; (b) Biotite + 7 andalusite + 8 quartz ---» 3 cordierite + muscovite ; (c) 5 K-feldspar + 2 chlorite ---» 4 biotite + muscovite + andalusite + 13 quartz + 4H₂0 -- Using all available data it has been estimated that the aureole of the Walcha Road Adamellite formed at 420°C - 605°C at 1.5 - 2.0Kb.
Understanding smallholder farmers’ capacity to respond to climate change in a coastal community in Central Vietnam
Creators: name: Phuong, Le Thi Hong
name: G. Robbert Biesbroek
name: Sen, Le Thi Hoa
name: Wals, Arjen E. J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Climate change as expressed by erratic rainfall, increased flooding, extended droughts, frequency tropical cyclones or saline water intrusion, poses severe threats to smallholder farmers in Vietnam. Adaptation of the agricultural sector is vital to increase the resilience of smallholder farmers’ livelihoods in times of climate change. To complement efforts already implemented by farmers to reduce social vulnerability it is important to understand how farmers perceive their current and future capacity to adapt to climate change. This paper aims to explore smallholder farmers’ capacity to respond to climate change in current and future agricultural production. We carried out open, in-depth interviews (n = 13), focus group discussions, and structured interviews (n = 114) in the Thua Thien Hue province. Our findings show that farmers nowadays experience more extreme climate variability. Farmers report increasing stresses due to temperature increase and droughts. The autonomous adaptation strategies adopted by farmers include; adjusting the season calendar, using tolerant varieties and breeds, applying integrated crop production models, and income diversification. The motives for adopting particular planned adaptation options differ between farmers in crop production and livestock production. Four factors were found to be significant (p
One-sided sharp thresholds for homology of random flag complexes
Creators: name: Newman, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that the random flag complex has a probability regime where the probability of nonvanishing homology is asymptotically bounded away from zero and away from one. Related to this main result we also establish new bounds on a sharp threshold for the fundamental group of a random flag complex to be a free group. In doing so we show that there is an intermediate probability regime in which the random flag complex has fundamental group which is neither free nor has Kazhdan's property (T).
description: 23 pages
Daylight For Healthy Indoor Environment And Energy Benefits
Creators: name: Ullah I
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: Diseases

description: Recently, many researchers have been concerned to the interaction between environment and energy. Daylighting serves for both to improve indoor environment as well as to save energy utilization. It is clear throughout history that daylight has been an important element to affect health and lighting quality in the architectural designing. Different methods have been developed to bring daylight inside the building. Most of the methods have not been adopted because of their low efficiency and installation problems. What is the possible solution and current need to provide daylight in the buildings?
The interpretation of the multi-wavelength afterglow emission of short GRB 140903A
Creators: name: Zhang, Shuai
name: Jin, Zhi-Ping
name: Wang, Yuan-Zhu
name: Wei, Da-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: GRB 140903A, a short duration $γ-$ray burst (SGRB) detected by {\it Swift}, is characterized by its long-lasting radio emission among SGRBs. In addition to the $\sim 10^{6}$ s radio afterglow emission, the afterglow of GRB 140903A displays a plateau from $10^3$ s to $7 \times 10^3 $ s in the X-rays. In this work, we attribute the X-ray plateau to the energy injection into the decelerating blast wave and then model the later radio/optical/X-ray afterglow emission within the standard fireball afterglow model. The afterglow emission has been well reproduced with reasonable physical parameters, including a jet half-opening angle $\sim 0.05$. We also compare the physical properties of SGRBs with and without radio afterglow detections and find that nearby SGRBs are brighter and easier to be detected in radio. Such a phenomena has been interpreted within the afterglow model.
Digital simulation of convex mixtures of Markovian and non-Markovian single qubit Pauli channels on NISQ devices
Creators: name: David, I J
name: Sinayskiy, I
name: Petruccione, F
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum algorithms for simulating quantum systems provide a clear and provable advantage over classical algorithms in fault-tolerant settings. There is also interest in quantum algorithms and their implementation in Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) settings. In these settings, various noise sources and errors must be accounted for when executing any experiments. Recently, NISQ devices have been verified as versatile testbeds for simulating open quantum systems and have been used to simulate simple quantum channels. Our goal is to solve the more complicated problem of simulating convex mixtures of single qubit Pauli channels on NISQ devices. We consider two specific cases: mixtures of Markovian channels that result in a non-Markovian channel (M+M=nM) and mixtures of non-Markovian channels that result in a Markovian channel (nM+nM=M). For the first case, we consider mixtures of Markovian single-qubit Pauli channels; for the second case, we consider mixtures of Non-Markovian single-qubit depolarising channels, which is a special case of the single-qubit Pauli channel. We show that efficient circuits, which account for the topology of currently available devices and current levels of decoherence, can be constructed by heuristic approaches that reduce the number of CNOT gates used in our circuit. We also present a strategy for regularising the process matrix so that the process tomography yields a completely positive and trace-preserving (CPTP) channel.
description: 33 pages, 16 figures; substantially revised and rewritten
Time-Series Surveys and Pulsating Stars: The Near-Infrared Perspective
Creators: name: Matsunaga, Noriyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The purpose of this review is to discuss the advantages and problems of near-infrared surveys in observing pulsating stars in the Milky Way. One of the advantages of near-infrared surveys, when compared to optical counterparts, is that the interstellar extinction is significantly smaller. As we see in this review, a significant volume of the Galactic disk can be reached by infrared surveys but not by optical ones. Towards highly obscured regions in the Galactic mid-plane, however, the interstellar extinction causes serious problems even with near-infrared data in understanding the observational results. After a review on previous and current near-infrared surveys, we discuss the effects of the interstellar extinction in optical (including {\it Gaia}) to near-infrared broad bands based on a simple calculation using synthetic spectral energy distribution. We then review the recent results on classical Cepheids towards the Galactic center and the bulge, as a case study, to see the impact of the uncertainty in the extinction law. The extinction law, i.e. the wavelength dependency of the extinction, is not fully characterized, and its uncertainty makes it hard to make the correction. Its characterization is an urgent task in order to exploit the outcomes of ongoing large-scale surveys of pulsating stars, e.g. for drawing a map of pulsating stars across the Galactic disk.
description: Conference on wide field variability surveys: a 21st-century perspective, 8 pages with 6 figures in press