cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
BRDT is an essential epigenetic regulator for proper chromatin organization, silencing of sex chromosomes and crossover formation in male meiosis
Creators: name: Manterola, Marcia
name: Brown, Taylor
name: Oh, Min Young
name: Garyn, Corey Michael
name: Gonzalez, Bryan Jose
name: Wolgemuth, Debra J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Epigenetics
subject: Meiosis
subject: Chromatin
subject: Sex chromosomes

description: The double bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) proteins are critical epigenetic readers that bind to acetylated histones in chromatin and regulate transcriptional activity and modulate changes in chromatin structure and organization. The testis-specific BET member, BRDT, is essential for the normal progression of spermatogenesis as mutations in the Brdt gene result in complete male sterility. Although BRDT is expressed in both spermatocytes and spermatids, loss of the first bromodomain of BRDT leads to severe defects in spermiogenesis without overtly compromising meiosis. In contrast, complete loss of BRDT blocks the progression of spermatocytes into the first meiotic division, resulting in a complete absence of post-meiotic cells. Although BRDT has been implicated in chromatin remodeling and mRNA processing during spermiogenesis, little is known about its role in meiotic processes. Here we report that BRDT is an essential regulator of chromatin organization and reprograming during prophase I of meiosis. Loss of BRDT function disrupts the epigenetic state of the meiotic sex chromosome inactivation in spermatocytes, affecting the synapsis and silencing of the X and Y chromosomes. We also found that BRDT controls the global chromatin organization and histone modifications of the chromatin attached to the synaptonemal complex. Furthermore, the homeostasis of crossover formation and localization during pachynema was altered, underlining a possible epigenetic mechanism by which crossovers are regulated and differentially established in mammalian male genomes. Our observations reveal novel findings about the function of BRDT in meiosis and provide insight into how epigenetic regulators modulate the progression of male mammalian meiosis and the formation of haploid gametes.
Additional file 1 of A designathon to co-create community-driven HIV self-testing services for Nigerian youth: findings from a participatory event
Creators: name: Tahlil, Kadija M.
name: Obiezu-Umeh, Chisom
name: Gbajabiamila, Titi
name: Nwaozuru, Ucheoma
name: Oladele, David
name: Musa, Adesola Z.
name: Idigbe, Ifeoma
name: Okwuzu, Jane
name: David, Agatha N.
name: Bamidele, Tajudeen A.
name: Airhihenbuwa, Collins O.
name: Rosenberg, Nora E.
name: Tang, Weiming
name: Ong, Jason J.
name: Conserve, Donaldson F.
name: Iwelunmor, Juliet
name: Ezechi, Oliver
name: Tucker, Joseph D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplement 1. Timeline of study events: Nigeria 2019.
Neuroprotection by peptides designed to block interactions between glutamate receptors and neuronal activity regulated pentraxin
Creators: name: Smith, Carlo
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Excitotoxicity is caused by prolonged stimulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate type glutamate receptors (NMDARs) resulting in internalization of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid type glutamate receptors (AMPARs) and long-term depression (LTD) of post-synaptic response, and this process has been causally linked to neuronal cell death. Indeed, NMDAR/AMPAR excitotoxicity is believed to underlie neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and ischaemic brain injury. Neuronal activity regulated pentraxin (NARP) is a secreted immediate early gene product that binds to and clusters AMPAR subunits GluR1-4 in response to normal and pathological synaptic activity. To test whether NARP could potentiate excitotoxic neuronal death by clustering AMPARs at cortical synapses, we used peptide arrays to develop four peptides that mimic sites on GluR1 that might bind NARP. Three of the four peptides correspond to sites on the N-terminal domain of GluR1, a region previously implicated in facilitating NARP-mediated GluR1 clustering at synapses. We show that NARP is up-regulated 4-8 hours after excitotoxic NMDA treatment of primary cortical neurons. We found that a mixture of all four peptides inhibited NMDA-induced GluR1 internalization and was neuroprotective in a dose-dependent manner. Also, three of peptides were individually neuroprotective. We conclude that the peptides inhibit NARP’s ability to form synaptic GluR1 clusters which may be required for coordinated and sustained GluR1 internalization 4-8 hours after NMDA stimulation. This is an essential step in NMDA-induced cell death since blocking it is neuroprotective. These peptides suggest new approaches to treatment of neurodegenerative diseases caused by excitotoxicity.
Imported Ceramics Studies in Britain
Creators: name: G Hurst, John
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2023

description: Medieval Ceramics: Journal of the Medieval Ceramics Research Group, 24, 23-30
description: The first excavated examples of medieval and post-medieval imported ceramics, in the 17th and 18th centuries, were often misdated as Roman, or even Phoenician; it was not until the mid-19th century that imported ceramics began to be regularly reported and more correctly identified. The number of finds expanded greatly after World War II. With the vast increase in excavations; research in the 1960s and 1970s attempted to identify their sources. The social and economic aspects of these imports need more study: it is disappointing that progress in the last twenty-five years has, with a few exceptions, been so limited.
"Letting myself go forward past wrongs": How regulatory modes affect self-forgiveness
Creators: name: Pierro, Antonio
name: Pica, Gennaro
name: Giannini, Anna Maria
name: Higgins, Edward Tory
name: Kruglanski, Arie W.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Forgiveness
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Locomotion
subject: Self-evaluation

description: The present research addresses the question of whether regulatory-mode orientations affect self-forgiveness. We expected that people with a strong locomotion orientation would be more inclined to self-forgiveness because of their tendencies toward movement and change, which focus them on the future, whereas people with a strong assessment orientation would refrain from self-forgiveness due to their evaluative tendencies which focus them on the past. These hypotheses were supported by the results in four studies that tested the relation between regulatory modes and self-forgiveness by measuring (Studies 1, 3 and 4) and manipulating (Study 2) regulatory-mode-orientations. Finally, in Study 4 we examined more closely our hypothesis that the relation between self-forgiveness and regulatory modes is mediated by past and future temporal foci. The implications of the results for regulatory mode theory are also discussed.
Generalized form of optimal teleportation witnesses
Creators: name: Kumar, Atul
name: Adhikari, Satyabrata
name: Agrawal, Pankaj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a generalized form of optimal teleportation witness to demonstrate their importance in experimental detection of the larger set of entangled states useful for teleportation in higher dimensional systems. The interesting properties of our witness reveal that teleportation witness can be used to characterize mixed state entanglement using Schmidt numbers. Our results show that while every teleportation witness is also a entanglement witness, the converse is not true. Also, we show that a hermitian operator is a teleportation witness iff it is a decomposable entanglement witness. In addition, we analyze the practical significance of our study by decomposing our teleportation witness in terms of Pauli and Gell-Mann matrices, which are experimentally measurable quantities.
description: Accepted in Quantum Information Processing
Supplementary Figures from Cooperative motility, force generation and mechanosensing in a foraging non-photosynthetic diatom
Creators: name: Zheng, Peng
name: Kumadaki, Kayo
name: Quek, Christopher
name: Lim, Zeng Hao
name: Ashenafi, Yonatan
name: Yip, Zhi Ting
name: Newby, Jay
name: Alverson, Andrew J.
name: Jie, Yan
name: Jedd, Gregory
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023

description: Supplementary Figures S1-S8
A Public Set of Synthetic Spectra from Expanding Atmospheres for X-Ray Novae. I. Solar Abundances
Creators: name: van Rossum, Daniel R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-ray grating observations have revealed great detail in the spectra of Novae in the Super Soft Source (SSS) phase. Notable features in the SSS spectra are blue-shifted absorption lines, P-Cygni line profiles, and the absence of strong ionization edges, all of which are indicators of an expanding atmosphere. We present, and make publicly available, a set of 672 wind-type (WT) synthetic spectra, obtained from the expanding NLTE SSS models introduced in Van Rossum 2010 with the PHOENIX stellar atmosphere code. The set presented in this paper is limited to solar abundances with the aim to focus on the basic model parameters and their effect on the spectra, providing the basis upon which abundance effects can be studied using a much bigger non-solar set in the next paper in this series. We fit the WT spectra to the five grating spectra taken in the SSS phase of nova V4743 Sgr 2003 as an example application of the WT models. Within the limits of solar abundances we demonstrate that the following parameters are constrained by the data (in order of decreasing accuracy): column density N_H, bolometric luminosity L_bol, effective temperature T_eff, white dwarf radius R, wind asymptotic velocity v_inf, and the mass-loss rate M_dot. The models are also sensitive to the assumed white dwarf mass M_wd but the effect on the spectra can largely be compensated by the other model parameters. The WT spectra with solar abundances fit the data better than abundance optimized hydro-static models.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Geometric analysis aspects of infinite semiplanar graphs with nonnegative curvature
Creators: name: Hua, Bobo
name: Jost, Jürgen
name: Liu, Shiping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 31C05, 05C10

description: In the present paper, we apply Alexandrov geometry methods to study geometric analysis aspects of infinite semiplanar graphs with nonnegative combinatorial curvature in the sense of Higuchi. We obtain the metric classification of these graphs and construct the graphs embedded in the projective plane minus one point. Moreover, we show the volume doubling property and the Poincaré inequality on such graphs. The quadratic volume growth of these graphs implies the parabolicity. In addition, we prove the polynomial growth harmonic function theorem analogous to the case of Riemannian manifolds.
description: 37 pages, 6 figures, to appear in J. Reine Angew. Math
Weak lensing by triaxial galaxy clusters
Creators: name: Feroz, F.
name: Hobson, M. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weak gravitational lensing studies of galaxy clusters often assume a spherical cluster model to simplify the analysis, but some recent studies have suggested this simplifying assumption may result in large biases in estimated cluster masses and concentration values, since clusters are expected to exhibit triaxiality. Several such analyses have, however, quoted expressions for the spatial derivatives of the lensing potential in triaxial models, which are open to misinterpretation. In this paper, we give a clear description of weak lensing by triaxial NFW galaxy clusters and also present an efficient and robust method to model these clusters and obtain parameter estimates. By considering four highly triaxial NFW galaxy clusters, we re-examine the impact of simplifying spherical assumptions and found that while the concentration estimates are largely unbiased except in one of our traixial NFW simulated clusters, for which the concentration is only slightly biased, the masses are significantly biased, by up to 40%, for all the clusters we analysed. Moreover, we find that such assumptions can lead to the erroneous conclusion that some substructure is present in the galaxy clusters or, even worse, that multiple galaxy clusters are present in the field. Our cluster fitting method also allows one to answer the question of whether a given cluster exhibits triaxiality or a simple spherical model is good enough.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables, minor changes in response to referee's comments, accepted for publication in MNRAS
A population genetic interpretation of GWAS findings for human quantitative traits
Creators: name: Simons, Yuval Benjamin
name: Bullaughey, Kevin
name: Hudson, Richard R.
name: Sella, Guy
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Phenotype
subject: Biology
subject: Human genome

description: Human genome-wide association studies (GWASs) are revealing the genetic architecture of anthropomorphic and biomedical traits, i.e., the frequencies and effect sizes of variants that contribute to heritable variation in a trait. To interpret these findings, we need to understand how genetic architecture is shaped by basic population genetics processes—notably, by mutation, natural selection, and genetic drift. Because many quantitative traits are subject to stabilizing selection and because genetic variation that affects one trait often affects many others, we model the genetic architecture of a focal trait that arises under stabilizing selection in a multidimensional trait space. We solve the model for the phenotypic distribution and allelic dynamics at steady state and derive robust, closed-form solutions for summary statistics of the genetic architecture. Our results provide a simple interpretation for missing heritability and why it varies among traits. They predict that the distribution of variances contributed by loci identified in GWASs is well approximated by a simple functional form that depends on a single parameter: the expected contribution to genetic variance of a strongly selected site affecting the trait. We test this prediction against the results of GWASs for height and body mass index (BMI) and find that it fits the data well, allowing us to make inferences about the degree of pleiotropy and mutational target size for these traits. Our findings help to explain why the GWAS for height explains more of the heritable variance than the similarly sized GWAS for BMI and to predict the increase in explained heritability with study sample size. Considering the demographic history of European populations, in which these GWASs were performed, we further find that most of the associations they identified likely involve mutations that arose shortly before or during the Out-of-Africa bottleneck at sites with selection coefficients around s = 10−3.
The Medieval Pottery Research Group at Twenty-Five: Past, Present and Future
Creators: name: Anon, Anon
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2023

description: Medieval Ceramics: Journal of the Medieval Ceramics Research Group, 24, 3-11
description: This is not a conventional paper of the kind that forms the mainstay of Medieval Ceramics. In order to celebrate the 25th Anniversary of the MPRG, we invited several stalwarts of the medieval pottery fraternity to contribute their thoughts on the Group, their involvement with its genesis and growth, and their views on the present state of the profession and their hopes, or otherwise, for years to come. The following assemblage of personal reminiscence, historical narrative, learned comment, penetrating nalysis of current trends and challenges for the future is offered as a tribute to the those members of the Group, past and present, who have done so much over the past 25 years to put medieval pottery studies on the map. Not everyone we asked to contribute was able to do so, and those who responded are presented here in strict alphabetical order; any omissions from the pantheon are not intentional. A group of presidents, past and present, is shown in Colour Plate 1.
Introduction to Loop Quantum Cosmology
Creators: name: Banerjee, Kinjal
name: Calcagni, Gianluca
name: Martín-Benito, Mercedes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is an introduction to loop quantum cosmology (LQC) reviewing mini- and midisuperspace models as well as homogeneous and inhomogeneous effective dynamics.
Sudden variations in the speed of sound during inflation: features in the power spectrum and bispectrum
Creators: name: Park, Minjoon
name: Sorbo, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ the formalism of the effective field theory of inflation to study the effects of a sudden change in the speed of sound of the inflationary perturbations. Such an event generates a feature with high frequency oscillations both in the two- and in the three-point functions of the curvature fluctuations. We study, at first order in the magnitude of the change of the speed of sound, the dependence of the power spectrum and of the bispectrum on the duration of the change. In the limit of a very short duration, the oscillations in the power spectrum persist up to very large momenta and the amplitude of the feature in the bispectrum diverges while its location moves to increasing momenta.
description: 7 pp, 2 figures
Identity and Ethnicity: A Ceramic Case Study from the Isle of Man
Creators: name: Davey, PJ
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2023

description: Medieval Ceramics: Journal of the Medieval Ceramics Research Group, 24, 31-39
description: This is a consideration of the origins, chronology and significance of Manx granite-tempered ware, which is a hand-made, coarseware made on the Isle of Man from the 12th to the 16th centuries. The ware is compared with Leinster ware from the east of Ireland and everted rim ware from Ulster. The role of Norwegian settlers in its genesis is considered and the degree to which they brought part of the technology with them from Scandinavia is assessed. The ware is also considered in the context of contemporary debates on the relative roles of Norse and 'Celtic' elements in Manx identity.
title: The Right to Seeds in Africa. The United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Peasants and other people working in rural areas and the Right to Seeds in Africa
Creators: name: ITPGRFA Secretariat
Publisher: name: ITPGRFA
Year: 2025

description: This Briefing, entitled "UNDROP and the Right to Seeds in Africa", is a publication of the Geneva Academy of International Humanitarian Law and Human Rights, with the support of Swissaid, Crops4HD, and South Centre. The research was conducted from March to December 2022, and the Briefing was published in February 2023. The objective is to raise awareness of the Declaration and to promote its implementation in African countries. The Briefing 1) gives an overview of the right to seeds and intellectual property in international law; 2) introduces UNDROP and outlines its definition of the right to seeds and states’ obligations; 3) presents the challenges to the protection of the right to seeds in Africa; and 4) develops proposals and makes recommendations to better protect the right to seeds in the AU and African states. The Briefing has been presented in several forums, including seed policy workshops with African governments and civil society representatives. The publication fills an important gap in providing civil society and government actors with the tools to move toward the implementation of UNDROP, and the right to seeds in national and regional laws and policies.
Mitochondrial Fission Promotes the Continued Clearance of Apoptotic Cells by Macrophages
Creators: name: Wang, Ying
name: Subramanian, Manikandan
name: Yurdagul, Arif
name: Barbosa-Lorenzi, Valeria C.
name: Cai, Bishuang
name: De Juan-Sanz, Jaime
name: Ryan, Timothy A.
name: Nomura, Masatoshi
name: Maxfield, Frederick R.
name: Tabas, Ira A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Macrophages
Cell death
Biology
Cells

description: Clearance of apoptotic cells (ACs) by phagocytes (efferocytosis) prevents post-apoptotic necrosis and dampens inflammation. Defective efferocytosis drives important diseases, including atherosclerosis. For efficient efferocytosis, phagocytes must be able to internalize multiple ACs. We show here that uptake of multiple ACs by macrophages requires dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1)mediated mitochondrial fission, which is triggered by AC uptake. When mitochondrial fission is disabled, AC-induced increase in cytosolic calcium is blunted owing to mitochondrial calcium sequestration, and calcium-dependent phagosome formation around secondarily encountered ACs is impaired. These defects can be corrected by silencing the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU). Mice lacking myeloid Drp1 showed defective efferocytosis and its pathologic consequences in the thymus after dexamethasone treatment and in advanced atherosclerotic lesions in fat-fed Ldlr/- mice. Thus, mitochondrial fission in response to AC uptake is a critical process that enables macrophages to clear multiple ACs and to avoid the pathologic consequences of defective efferocytosis in vivo.
Hepatocyte-secreted DPP4 in obesity promotes adipose inflammation and insulin resistance
Creators: name: Ghorpade, Devram
name: Ozcan, Lale
name: Zheng, Ze
name: Nicoloro, Sarah M.
name: Shen, Yuefei
name: Chen, Emily
name: Blüher, Matthias
name: Czech, Michael P.
name: Tabas, Ira A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Metabolism--Disorders
Adipose tissues
Obesity
Insulin resistance
CD26 antigen

description: Obesity-induced metabolic disease involves functional integration among several organs via circulating factors, but little is known about crosstalk between liver and visceral adipose tissue (VAT). In obesity, VAT becomes populated with inflammatory adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs). In obese humans, there is a close correlation between adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance, and in obese mice, blocking systemic or ATM inflammation improves insulin sensitivity. However, processes that promote pathological adipose tissue inflammation in obesity are incompletely understood. Here we show that obesity in mice stimulates hepatocytes to synthesize and secrete dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4), which acts with plasma factor Xa to inflame ATMs. Silencing expression of DPP4 in hepatocytes suppresses inflammation of VAT and insulin resistance; however, a similar effect is not seen with the orally administered DPP4 inhibitor sitagliptin. Inflammation and insulin resistance are also suppressed by silencing expression of caveolin-1 or PAR2 in ATMs; these proteins mediate the actions of DPP4 and factor Xa, respectively. Thus, hepatocyte DPP4 promotes VAT inflammation and insulin resistance in obesity, and targeting this pathway may have metabolic benefits that are distinct from those observed with oral DPP4 inhibitors.
Scottish Pottery Studies: 25 Years On
Creators: name: Hall, Derek W
name: Haggerty, George
name: Murray, Charles
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2023

description: Medieval Ceramics: Journal of the Medieval Ceramics Research Group, 24, 49-55
description: In a paper given at the 25th Anniversary conference of MPRG at Oxford University in March 2000 three of Scotland's leading pottery specialists review the progress of Scottish pottery studies over the past 25 years. The limited work on production centres and current projects is reviewed and a bright forecast is predicted for the future of the study in Scotland.
Secular Changes in Eta Carinae's Wind 1998-2011
Creators: name: Mehner, Andrea
name: Davidson, Kris
name: Humphreys, Roberta M.
name: Ishibashi, Kazunori
name: Martin, John C.
name: Ruiz, Maria Teresa
name: Walter, Frederick M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stellar wind-emission features in the spectrum of eta Carinae have decreased by factors of 1.5-3 relative to the continuum within the last 10 years. We investigate a large data set from several instruments (STIS, GMOS, UVES) obtained between 1998 and 2011 and we analyze the progression of spectral changes in the direct view of the star, in the reflected polar-on spectra at FOS4, and at the Weigelt knots. We find that the spectral changes occurred gradually on a time scale of about 10 years and that they are dependent on the viewing angle. The line strengths declined most in our direct view of the star. About a decade ago, broad stellar wind-emission features were much stronger in our line-of-sight view of the star than at FOS4. After the 2009 event, the wind-emission line strengths are now very similar at both locations. High-excitation He I and N II absorption lines in direct view of the star strengthened gradually. The terminal velocity of Balmer P Cyg absorption lines now appears to be less latitude-dependent and the absorption strength may have weakened at FOS4. Latitude-dependent alterations in the mass-loss rate and the ionization structure of eta Carinae's wind are likely explanations for the observed spectral changes.
description: 42 pages, 12 figures, 2 tables
Reinventing the Sherd: 25 Years of Pottery Statistics
Creators: name: Orton, Clive
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2023

description: Medieval Ceramics: Journal of the Medieval Ceramics Research Group, 24, 73-78
description: Since 1975 there has been a lively debate about pottery statistics, with new approaches being suggested and their relative performances carefully scrutinised. Recent contributions, however, have a distinct air of deja vu, and could easily be mistaken for 1970s documents. So what has happened - are we condemned to a cycle of rediscovery every generation, or were the last 25 years a dead end? This question is approached by looking at what ceramic specialists want from statistics in general and quantification in particular. There seem to be several possible needs, for example: description of current assemblages, estimation of the parameters of past assemblages, emotional satisfaction, etc. It follows that no one measure is inherently 'right' or 'best' - it depends on what we want from it. But perhaps some wants are more useful, achievable or creative than others.
Optimal estimation of joint parameters in phase space
Creators: name: Genoni, M. G.
name: Paris, M. G. A.
name: Adesso, G.
name: Nha, H.
name: Knight, P. L.
name: Kim, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the joint estimation of the two defining parameters of a displacement operation in phase space. In a measurement scheme based on a Gaussian probe field and two homodyne detectors, it is shown that both conjugated parameters can be measured below the standard quantum limit when the probe field is entangled. We derive the most informative Cramér-Rao bound, providing the theoretical benchmark on the estimation and observe that our scheme is nearly optimal for a wide parameter range characterizing the probe field. We discuss the role of the entanglement as well as the relation between our measurement strategy and the generalized uncertainty relations.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures; v2: references added and sections added to the supplemental material; v3: minor changes (published version)
Carleman Estimate for Stochastic Parabolic Equations and Inverse Stochastic Parabolic Problems
Creators: name: Lu, Qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we establish a global Carleman estimate for stochastic parabolic equations. Based on this estimate, we solve two inverse problems for stochastic parabolic equations. One is concerned with a determination problem of the history of a stochastic heat process through the observation at the final time $T$, for which we obtain a conditional stability estimate. The other is an inverse source problem with observation on the lateral boundary. We derive the uniqueness of the source.
description: 18 pages
Additional file 1 of Identification of anti-inflammatory compounds from Zhongjing formulae by knowledge mining and high-content screening in a zebrafish model of inflammatory bowel diseases
Creators: name: Yu, Yunru
name: Chen, Jing
name: Zhang, Xiaohui
name: Wang, Yingchao
name: Wang, Shufang
name: Zhao, Lu
name: Wang, Yi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. List of ancient Zhongjing Formula related ancient TCM books included for the knowledge mining. Table S2. List of QPCR primers used in this study. Table S3. List of top ranking Zhongjing formulae related to inflammatory bowel diseases based on the results of knowledge mining. Table S4. List of top ranking syndromes related to the IBD-related Zhongjing formulae based on the results of knowledge mining.
Optimising water allocation and land management to mitigate the effects of land use and climate change on reservoir performance
Creators: name: Nguyen, Anh
name: Cochrane, Thomas A.
name: Pahlow, Markus
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Future changes in land use, climate and downstream water demand can impact reservoir water supply performance. However, a comprehensive assessment that considers these factors poses challenges as it requires complex scenario simulations. To improve our understanding of potential combined effects and to facilitate analyses of reservoir performance, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool has been coupled with genetic optimization and applied to a case study, the Nuicoc multipurpose reservoir in Vietnam. Optimization analyses under a range of scenarios show that despite greater future rainfall, climate change combined with increases in urban area and agriculture resulted in 1–10% and 4–28% lower reliability and resilience, respectively, compared with the baseline. Reservoir sedimentation led to a vulnerability index increase of 0.1–10.5 and 150–400 Mm3/year greater water spillage. Reservoir performance can be improved by adjusting water allocation policies and best management practices in the watershed.
Transition of a mesoscopic bosonic gas into a Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Schelle, Alexej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The condensate number distribution during the transition of a dilute, weakly interacting gas of N=200 bosonic atoms into a Bose-Einstein condensate is modeled within number conserving master equation theory of Bose-Einstein condensation. Initial strong quantum fluctuations occuring during the exponential cycle of condensate growth reduce in a subsequent saturation stage, before the Bose gas finally relaxes towards the Gibbs-Boltzmann equilibrium.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Pottery Studies in the North-West 1975-2000 and Beyond
Creators: name: Edwards, Julie
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2023

description: Medieval Ceramics: Journal of the Medieval Ceramics Research Group, 24, 40-48
description: This paper briefly outlines the state of knowledge regarding the production and distribution of medieval pottery in the north-west. In contrast to the large area covered by the region known production sites are sparse and knowledge of pottery use in the region is patchy. Carlisle and Chester have produced good well-stratified assemblages yet small, poorly stratified and abraded assemblages typify large parts of the region. In some areas little progress has been made since 1975 although some areas have produced their first groups of medieval pottery. This situation reflects, as well as contributes to, wider problems regarding the interpretation and dating of the region's medieval archaeology. The paper surveys current archaeological activity in the region and ascertains what potential there may be to answer the remaining questions about pottery production and distribution. The activities of the North West Region MPRG and its hopes.
On Modified Gravity
Creators: name: Dimitrijevic, Ivan
name: Dragovich, Branko
name: Grujic, Jelena
name: Rakic, Zoran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider some aspects of nonlocal modified gravity, where nonlocality is of the type $R \mathcal{F}(\Box) R$. In particular, using ansatz of the form $\Box R = c R^γ,$ we find a few $R(t)$ solutions for the spatially flat FLRW metric. There are singular and nonsingular bounce solutions. For late cosmic time, scalar curvature R(t) is in low regime and scale factor a(t) is decelerated. R (t) = 0 satisfies all equations when k = -1.
description: added references; made some clarifications; 8 pages
Impact of hydropower reservoirs on floods: evidence from large river basins in Austria
Creators: name: Stecher, Gabriel
name: Herrnegger, Mathew
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: In this study the impact of hydropower reservoirs on floods is systematically assessed for eight heavily modified river basins in Austria. Since little discharge data from prior to the construction is available, unaffected annual peak discharges downstream of the reservoirs were estimated by transposing the peak runoff of an unaffected catchment, considering the spatial proximity, the catchment area and the temporarily corresponding precipitation conditions. Comparing the observed and estimated discharge, results show significant reductions not only at gauges directly affected by the reservoir but also farther downstream at receiving rivers. The propagation of the flood peak reduction downstream is also related to catchment area and reservoir characteristics. Extreme events with return periods greater than 30 years show a noteworthy flood peak reduction of over 33% on average. These findings show that reservoirs primarily constructed for hydropower generation also contribute significantly to flood control and flood mitigation.
Aspects of the Production, Evolution and Use of Ceramic Building Materials in the Middle Ages
Creators: name: Drury, Paul J
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2023

description: Medieval Ceramics: Journal of the Medieval Ceramics Research Group, 24, 56-62
description: The essential differences between the nature and use of pottery and ceramic building materials in the medieval period are considered, as a preliminary to an overview of evolving patterns of use of the latter in England. A 'century of innovation', c1130-1230, is proposed, characterised by the emergence through experiment of a very wide range of forms, soon reduced to much smaller ranges, standardised within regions. The changing role of 'Flemish' brick in England through the remainder of the medieval period is considered: until the late 14th century largely as a concealed material, thereafter increasingly expressed as a cultural statement.
Duality orbits of non-geometric fluxes
Creators: name: Dibitetto, G.
name: Fernandez-Melgarejo, J. J.
name: Marques, D.
name: Roest, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Compactifications in duality covariant constructions such as generalised geometry and double field theory have proven to be suitable frameworks to reproduce gauged supergravities containing non-geometric fluxes. However, it is a priori unclear whether these approaches only provide a reformulation of old results, or also contain new physics. To address this question, we classify the T- and U-duality orbits of gaugings of (half-)maximal supergravities in dimensions seven and higher. It turns out that all orbits have a geometric supergravity origin in the maximal case, while there are non-geometric orbits in the half-maximal case. We show how the latter are obtained from compactifications of double field theory.
description: 39 pages, 1 figure, 6 tables; v2: refs added, published version
QCD Corrections to Neutron Electric Dipole Moment from Dimension-six Four-Quark Operators
Creators: name: Hisano, Junji
name: Tsumura, Koji
name: Yang, Masaki J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, the renormalization-group equations for the (flavor-conserving) CP-violating interaction are derived up to the dimension six, including all the four-quark operators, at one-loop level. We apply them to the models with the neutral scalar boson or the color-octet scalar boson which have CP-violating Yukawa interactions with quarks, and discuss the neutron electric dipole moment in these models.
description: 14 pages, 8 eps files; published in Physics Letter B
Somatostatin Interneurons Control a Key Component of Mismatch Negativity in Mouse Visual Cortex
Creators: name: Hamm, Jordan P.
name: Yuste, Rafael
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Visual cortex
Somatostatin
Interneurons
Schizophrenia
Electroencephalography

description: Patients with schizophrenia have deficient sensory processing, undermining how they perceive and relate to a changing environment. This impairment can be captured by the reduced mismatch negativity (MMN) index, an electroencephalographic biomarker of psychosis. The biological factors contributing to MMN are unclear, though mouse research, in which genetic and optical methods could be applied, has given some insight. Using fast two-photon calcium imaging and multielectrode recordings in awake mice, we find that visual cortical circuits display adapted (decreased) responses to repeated stimuli and amplified responses to a deviant stimulus, the key component of human MMN. Moreover, pharmacogenetic silencing of somatostatin-containing interneurons specifically eliminated this amplification, along with its associated theta/alpha-band response, leaving stimulus-specific adaption and related gamma-band modulations intact. Our results validate a mouse model of MMN and suggest that abnormalities in somatostatin-containing interneurons cause sensory deficits underlying MMN and schizophrenia.
Review of exclusive semileptonic B meson decays from lattice QCD
Creators: name: Monahan, Christopher
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: I review recent progress in exclusive semileptonic $B$ decays from lattice QCD, including $B\to \pi \ell nu$, $B_s\to K\ell\nu$ and $B_{(s)}\to D_{(s)}^{(\ast)}\ell \nu$ channels. I focus on lattice results that have appeared since the last CKM Workshop, and briefly discuss updates to the CKM matrix elements $|V_{ub}|$ and $|V_{cb}|$, and the ratios $R(D_{(s)})$. I also outline progress we can hope to expect by future installments of the CKM Workshop.
Investigation of gesture control for articulatory speech synthesis with a bio-mechanical mapping layer
Creators: name: Wang, Yizhong Johnty
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: In the process of working with a real-time, gesture controlled speech and singing synthesizer used for musical performance, we have documented performer related issues and provided some suggestions that will serve to improve future work in the field from an engineering and technician's perspective. One particular, significant detrimental factor in the existing system is the sound quality caused by the limitations of the one-to-one kinematic mapping between the gesture input and output. In order to solve this a force activated bio-mechanical mapping layer was implemented to drive an articulatory synthesizer, and the results were and compared with the existing mapping system for the same task from both the performer and listener perspective. The results show that adding the complex, dynamic bio-mechanical mapping layer introduces more difficulty but allows a greater degree of expression to the performer that is consistent with existing work in the literature. However, to the novice listener, there is no significant difference in the intelligibility of the sound or the perceived quality. The results suggest that for browsing through a vowel space force and position input are comparable when considering output intelligibility alone but for expressivity a complex input may be more suitable.
Decoupling property of the supersymmetric Higgs sector with four doublets
Creators: name: Aoki, Mayumi
name: Kanemura, Shinya
name: Shindou, Tetsuo
name: Yagyu, Kei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In supersymmetric standard models with multi Higgs doublet fields, selfcoupling constants in the Higgs potential come only from the D-terms at the tree level. We investigate the decoupling property of additional two heavier Higgs doublet fields in the supersymmetric standard model with four Higgs doublets. In particular, we study how they can modify the predictions on the quantities well predicted in the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM), when the extra doublet fields are rather heavy to be measured at collider experiments. The B-term mixing between these extra heavy Higgs bosons and the relatively light MSSM-like Higgs bosons can significantly change the predictions in the MSSM such as on the masses of MSSM-like Higgs bosons as well as the mixing angle for the two light CP-even scalar states. We first give formulae for deviations in the observables of the MSSM in the decoupling region for the extra two doublet fields. We then examine possible deviations in the Higgs sector numerically, and discuss their phenomenological implications.
description: 26 pages, 24 figures, text sligtly modified,version to appear in Journal of High Energy Physics
The Gerald Dunning Archive and the Study of Medieval Ceramic Roof Furniture
Creators: name: Hurman, Barbara
name: Nenk, Beverley S
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2023

description: Medieval Ceramics: Journal of the Medieval Ceramics Research Group, 24, 63-72
description: This paper is an overview of Gerald Dunning's contribution to the subject of medieval ceramic roof furniture, and to the study of the subject since his death. Dunning's archive of papers and drawings was donated to the British Museum after his death in 1978. The section of the archive devoted to the subject of medieval and post-medieval ceramic roof furniture included both draft texts and illustrations. The 138 pages of drawings were organised by Dunning into a typology for chimney pots, finials and louvers.
Impact of hydropower reservoirs on floods: Evidence from large river basins in Austria
Creators: name: Stecher, Gabriel
name: Herrnegger, Mathew
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: In this study the impact of hydropower reservoirs on floods is systematically assessed for 8 heavily modified river basins in Austria. Since discharge data prior to the construction is hardly available the natural, unaffected annual peak discharges downstream of the reservoirs were estimated by transposing the peak runoff of an unaffected catchment by considering the spatial proximity, the catchment area and the temporarily corresponding precipitation conditions. By comparing the observed and estimated discharge, results show significant reductions not only at gauges directly affected by the reservoir but also further downstream at receiving rivers. The propagation of the flood peak reduction downstream is also related to catchment area and reservoir characteristics. Extreme events with return periods larger than 30 years show a noteworthy flood peak reduction of over 33 % on average. These findings show that reservoirs primarily constructed for hydropower generation also contribute significantly to flood control and flood mitigation.
Altered Cortical Ensembles in Mouse Models of Schizophrenia
Creators: name: Hamm, Jordan P.
name: Peterka, Darcy
name: Gogos, Joseph A.
name: Yuste, Rafael
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Schizophrenia
subject: Ketamine
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Brain--Physiology
subject: Neural circuitry

description: In schizophrenia, brain-wide alterations have been identified at the molecular and cellular levels, yet how these phenomena affect cortical circuit activity remains unclear. We studied two mouse models of schizophrenia-relevant disease processes: chronic ketamine (KET) administration and Df(16)A+/-, modeling 22q11.2 microdeletions, a genetic variant highly penetrant for schizophrenia. Local field potential recordings in visual cortex confirmed gamma-band abnormalities similar to patient studies. Two-photon calcium imaging of local cortical populations revealed in both models a deficit in the reliability of neuronal coactivity patterns (ensembles), which was not a simple consequence of altered single neuron activity. This effect was present in ongoing and sensory-evoked activity and was not replicated by acute ketamine administration or pharmacogenetic parvalbumin-interneuron suppression. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that schizophrenia is an ‘‘attractor’’ disease and demonstrate that degraded neuronal ensembles are a common consequence of diverse genetic, cellular, and synaptic alterations seen in chronic schizophrenia.