An integrated stochastic multi-objective simulation and optimization framework for fuel-efficient truck dispatching in open-pit mines
Creators: Kazemi Ashtiani, Mohammadreza
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

<p>In the context of open-pit mining, the haulage system plays a pivotal role in the overall environmental impact of the operation, particularly concerning greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and energy consumption. This impact stems from the heavy reliance on trucks for the transportation of materials within the mining site. However, recognizing the need for energy-efficient practices in today&#39;s world, there is a growing emphasis on optimizing truck dispatching strategies to enhance productivity while aligning mining operations with environmental and energy efficiency principles.<br>
Traditionally, truck dispatching in open-pit mines has been centered on achieving production targets and maximizing operational efficiency, often overlooking the environmental implications of such practices. Nevertheless, the rising awareness of climate change and the call for responsible resource extraction have prompted a shift in focus towards adopting energy-efficient practices throughout the mining industry, including open-pit mining.<br>
To address these environmental and economic concerns and optimize operations, this research introduces an innovative approach: an integrated simulation and optimization model. The primary objective of this study is to present a new truck dispatching framework that seeks to achieve a dual purpose: maximizing the economic benefits derived from open-pit mining while minimizing its environmental footprint. To accomplish this goal (or objective), the framework focuses on four interdependent goals: first, minimizing the deviations from target production rates established by strategic plans to ensure consistent and efficient mining operations; second, reducing shovel idle time to optimize the use of resources; third, minimizing the wait time for trucks, ensuring smooth material flow throughout the mining process; and finally, decreasing truck fuel consumption, directly contributing to the reduction of GHG emissions. Additionally, this research analyzes the impact of the number of available trucks and their types, degree of heterogeneity of the truck fleet, as well as truck failures.<br>
To evaluate the performance and robustness of this novel framework, a case study was conducted at Gol-E-Gohar mine in Iran. The results were promising, showing a noteworthy accomplishment of achieving a reduction of up to 6% in fuel consumption per tonne of production. Over a ten-day operation period with 12 hours of daily operation, this led to an impressive total reduction of up to 20,000 liters in fuel consumption.<br>
In conclusion, the integration of an innovative simulation and optimization framework into the truck dispatching practices of open-pit mining offers a promising solution for the industry&#39;s environmental concerns. By simultaneously achieving economic advantages and minimizing the ecological impact, this approach sets a positive precedent for energy-efficient mining operations and responsible resource extraction in the future.</p>