cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
333. Treatment of ANCA-associated vasculitis in the elderly: a single-centre UK experience.
Creators: name: Ayonija Sundararajan1
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Vasculitis
ANCA
Abstracts
Giant Cell Arthritis
MPA
GPA
EGPA
Takayasu
IgA vasculitis

description: Objective: Despite the high incidence of ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) in elderly patients, clinical trials have usually not focused on this patient group and long-term outcome data is lacking. Here, we evaluate the treatment and outcomes in a single-centre cohort of elderly patients with AAV. Methods:Retrospective data were collected on all hospitalised patients over the age of 74 years who underwent induction treatment for AAV between 2014-2021 at Addenbrookes Hospital (Cambridge, UK). Baseline characteristics and outcomes were assessed, and multivariate Cox models were derived to determine factors associated with infection and mortality. Results: 85 patients were included with a median follow-up 21 months (IQR 12-44). Sex distribution was equal. Median age was 79 years (range 75–93); the majority of whom (79%) had newly-diagnosed disease, with predominantly MPA (66.6%) and MPO-ANCA (58.8%). Renal involvement was common: median serum creatinine at presentation was 180 µmol/l; 20% were dialysis-dependent. Induction regimen [cyclophosphamide alone (25.8%), rituximab 500mg x2 (low-dose, 22.3%), rituximab 1g x2 (standard dose, 40%) or rituximab-cyclophosphamide combination (11.9%)] was age-dependent with interaction between age and induction regimen for both infection and mortality outcomes. Younger patients tended to receive the rituximab-cyclophosphamide combination, whereas older patients were more likely to receive low-dose rituximab. 76% of the patients received IV methylprednisolone, 47.1% experienced a serious infection at a median of 12 months [IQR 3-29] and 32.9% died with median time to death of 22 months [IQR 11-43]. After including the interaction effect between age and treatment regimen in the adjusted Cox regression models, methylprednisolone use remained positively associated with increased risk of infection [HR 4.85, CI 1.22-19.2] but negatively associated with mortality [HR 0.23 CI 0.05-0.99]. There was no interaction between methylprednisolone and age or treatment regimen, respectively, in the applied statistical models. Conclusion: Use of intravenous methylprednisolone was common in our unit and was associated with serious infection. Avoidance of high-dose intravenous corticosteroid may reduce the high rates of infections that complicate contemporary induction regimens for AAV, especially in elderly patients. Lack of power due to small sample size limited the conclusions which could be awn regarding the outcomes related to specific induction regimen. These data will be available later.
 Disclosures: None
Visualizing microcalcifications in lumpectomy specimens: An exploration into the clinical potential of carbon nanotube-enabled stationary digital breast tomosynthesis
Creators: name: Tucker, A.
name: Inscoe, C.R.
name: Hwang, M.
name: Lee, Y.Z.
name: Zhou, O.
name: Kuzmiak, C.M.
name: Gao, J.
name: Puett, C.
name: Lu, J.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2019

description: Purpose: To assess the visibility of microcalcifications in images generated by a first-generation carbon-nanotube (CNT)-enabled stationary digital breast tomosynthesis (sDBT) device, using magnified 2D mammography and conventional, moving-source DBT as references for comparison. Methods: Lumpectomy specimens were imaged by magnified mammography and two 3D mammography approaches, including sDBT and moving-source DBT. The planar size of individual microcalcifications was measured in the reconstructed image stacks of sDBT and moving-source DBT and compared to the magnified mammography image. An artifact spread function (ASF) was used to assess the depth dimensions of the microcalcifications displayed through the reconstructed image stacks. Breast-imaging specialists rated their preference for one imaging modality over another when interpreting microcalcifications in the magnified mammography image and synthetic slab images from sDBT and moving-source DBT. Results: The planar size of individual microcalcifications was similar in images generated by sDBT and moving-source DBT when the sDBT projections were binned to match the pixel size used by the moving-source DBT system. However, the unique structure of sDBT allowed for a wider-angle span of projection views and operation of the detector in full-resolution mode without significantly compromising the scan time. In this configuration, the planar sizes of individual microcalcifications displayed by sDBT was more similar to magnified mammography than moving-source DBT, and the microcalcifications had a narrower ASF through depth. Readers preferred sDBT over moving-source DBT when assessing microcalcifications in synthetic slab images, although magnified mammography was rated highest overall. Conclusions: The sDBT system displayed microcalcifications as well as conventional, moving-source DBT when the effective pixel size of the detector was matched. However, with the detector in its full-resolution mode, sDBT displayed microcalcifications with greater clarity. Readers still preferred images generated by magnified mammography over both 3D mammography approaches. This finding is guiding continued hardware and software development to optimize the sDBT technology.
EVOLUTION OF ION-SCALE TURBULENCE DURING PLASMA CROSSING OF THE EARTH'S BOW SHOCK.
Creators: name: Rakhmanova, L.
name: Riazantseva, M.
name: Zastenker, G.
name: Yermolaev, Yu.
name: LodkinaSpace, I.
Publisher: name: Кольский научный центр Российской академии наук
Year: 2019

description: We present a case study of modification of turbulent cascade at ion scales during plasma crossing of the Earth's bow shock. We analyze ion flux measurements with 31 ms cadence provided by the BMSW instrument onboard the Spektr-R satellite. Changes in shapeand characteristics of Fourier spectra of ion flux fluctuations are considered for three cases of the bow shock crossing. Deviation of spectra from typical shape is shown just behind the bow shock. Also, influence of the large-scale solar wind type on theevolution of turbulent cascade during the bow shock crossings is analyzed statistically.
Wächteramt oder Herrschaftsanspruch?
Creators: name: Roegele, Otto Bernhard
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 1 Nr. 3 (1972): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 1, Heft 3
ANALYSIS OF THE INTERPLANETARY SHOCK FRONT FINE STRUCTURE, OBSERVED BY BMSW EXPERIMENT
Creators: name: Sapunova, O.V.
name: Borodkova, N.L.
name: Zastenker, G.N.
name: Yermolaev, Yu.I.
Publisher: name: Кольский научный центр Российской академии наук
Year: 2019

description: The study is dedicated to the interplanetary (IP) shock's fronts because of their strong influence on the space weather and renewed interest in the detailedstudy of the processes taking place in the collisionless plasma. IP shock parameters were not studied by plasma measurement with high-time resolution as good as it were studied from the magnetic field measurement. Spectrometer BMSW (installed onboard SPEKTR-R satellite) solved this problem -it measured plasma flux magnitude and direction with time resolution 0.031 s and allowedus to study fine structure of the ramp region. Data from SPEKTR-R was completed by magnetic field measurements from ACE, WIND, THEMIS and CLUSTER spacecrafts. On the base of BMSW[1]measurements 54 IP shocks were identified from August 2011 to November 2017. Ramp thickness was found to lies in the range from 45 to 450 km. I some cases foot, overshoot, upstream/downstream wave trains structures were observed near the shock font both in plasma and magnetic field measurements. It was found that wavelengths of the precursor wavesvaried from 55 to 440 km. Four events with large and brief increasing of He++at the shock front were found according to BMSW measurements. These observations were confirmed by the measurements at WIND satellite.
Axions in gravity with torsion
Creators: name: Castillo-Felisola, Oscar
name: Corral, Cristobal
name: Kovalenko, Sergey
name: Schmidt, Ivan
name: Lyubovitskij, Valery E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a scenario allowing a solution of the strong charge parity problem via the Peccei-Quinn mechanism, implemented in gravity with torsion. In this framework there appears a torsion-related pseudoscalar field known as Kalb-Ramond axion. We compare it with the so-called Barbero-Immirzi axion recently proposed in the literature also in the context of the gravity with torsion. We show that they are equivalent from the viewpoint of the effective theory. The phenomenology of these torsion-descended axions is completely determined by the Planck scale without any additional model parameters. These axions are very light and very weakly interacting with ordinary matter. We briefly comment on their astrophysical and cosmological implications in view of the recent BICEP2 and Planck data.
description: 7 pages, no figures, comments and references added, published version
How much large dust could be present in hot exozodiacal dust systems?
Creators: name: Stuber, T. A.
name: Kirchschlager, F.
name: Pearce, T. D.
name: Ertel, S.
name: Krivov, A. V.
name: Wolf, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An infrared excess over the stellar photospheric emission of main-sequence stars has been found in interferometric surveys, commonly attributed to the presence of hot exozodiacal dust (HEZD). While submicrometer-sized grains in close vicinity to their host star have been inferred to be responsible for the found near-infrared excesses, the presence and amount of larger grains as part of the dust distributions are weakly constrained. We quantify how many larger grains (above-micrometer-sized) could be present in addition to submicrometer-sized grains, while being consistent with observational constraints. This is important in order to distinguish between various scenarios for the origin of HEZD and to better estimate its observational appearance when observed with future instruments. We extended a model suitable to reproduce current observations of HEZD to investigate a bimodal size distribution. By deriving the characteristics of dust distributions whose observables are consistent with observational limits from interferometric measurements in the $K$ and $N$ bands we constrained the radii of sub- and above-micrometer-sized grains as well as their mass, number, and flux density ratios. In the most extreme cases of some of the investigated systems, large grains $\gtrsim 10\,μ$m might dominate the mass budget of HEZD while contributing up to 25$\,$% of the total flux density originating from the dust at a wavelength of 2.13$\,μ$m and up to 50$\,$% at a wavelength of 4.1$\,μ$m; at a wavelength of 11.1$\,μ$m their emission might clearly dominate over the emission of small grains. While it is not possible to detect such hot-dust distributions using ALMA, the ngVLA might allow us to detect HEZD at millimeter wavelengths. Large dust grains might have a more important impact on the observational appearance of HEZD than previously assumed, especially at longer wavelengths.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics. 18 pages, 7 figures
Die schweigende Mehrheit
Creators: name: Freudenfeld, Burghard
name: Greiner, Franz
name: Knoll, Joachim H.
name: Musulin, Janko
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 1 Nr. 3 (1972): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 1, Heft 3
Optical Properties of Metal-poor T Dwarf Candidates
Creators: name: Zhang, Jerry Jun-Yan
name: Lodieu, Nicolas
name: Martín, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Metal-poor brown dwarfs are poorly understood because they are extremely faint and rare. Only a few candidates have been identified as T-type subdwarfs in infrared surveys and their optical properties remain unconstrained. Aims. We aim to improve the knowledge of the optical properties of T subdwarf candidates to break the degeneracy between metallicity and temperature and to investigate their atmospheric properties. Methods. Deep $z$-band images of 10 known T subdwarf candidates were collected with the 10.4-m Gran Telescopio Canarias. Low-resolution optical spectra for two of them were obtained with the same telescope. Photometric measurements of the $z$-band flux were performed for all the targets and they were combined with infrared photometry in $J, H, K, W1$ and $W2$-bands from the literature to obtain the colours. The spectra were compared with solar-metallicity T dwarf templates and with laboratory spectra. Results. We found that the targets segregate into three distinct groups in the $W1 - W2$ vs. $z - W1$ colour-colour diagram. Group I objects are mixed with solar-metallicity T dwarfs. Group III objects have $W1 - W2$ colours similar to T dwarfs but very red $z - W1$ colours. Group II objects lie between Group I and III. The two targets for which we obtained spectra are located in Group I and their spectroscopic properties resemble normal T dwarfs but with water features that are deeper and have a shape akin to pure water. Conclusions. We conclude that the $W1 - W2$ vs. $z - W1$ colour-colour diagram is excellent to break the metallicity-temperature degeneracy for objects cooler than L-type. A revision of the spectral classification of T subdwarf might be needed in the future, according to the photometric and spectroscopic properties of WISE1810 and WISE0414 in Group III discussed in this work.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in A&A on 18th Aug 2023
COMPARISON OF THE DIURNAL VARIATIONS OF THE BOTTOM EDGE OF THE IONOSPHERE DURING TWO PROTON PRECIPITATIONS ON AND AFTER 29 SEPTEMBER 1989, 19 OCTOBER 1989
Creators: name: Sukhovey, M.I.
name: Shishaev, V.A.
name: Remenets, G.F.
Publisher: name: Кольский научный центр Российской академии наук
Year: 2019

description: The purpose of our work is to get the solutions of the inverse VLF problems during the powerful solar proton precipitations (SPP), which continued several days and began on September 29, 1989, 1200 UT [1, 2], and October 19, 1989, 1300 UT [1]. We compared quantitatively the daily variations of the solar proton fluxes with the dynamics of the reflection properties of the bottom edge of the ionosphere. For this realization, we used the variations of VLF signals for a completely auroral VLF propagation path Aldra (Northern Norway) –Apatity (Kola Peninsula).
Initial clinical evaluation of stationary digital chest tomosynthesis in adult patients with cystic fibrosis
Creators: name: Ceppe, A.
name: Gunnell, E.T.
name: Hartman, A.
name: Fordham, L.A.
name: Lee, Y.Z.
name: Lu, J.
name: Franceschi, D.K.
name: Handly, B.
name: Zhou, O.
name: Goralski, J.L.
name: Inscoe, C.R.
name: Sams, C.
Publisher: name: Springer Verlag
Year: 2019

description: Objective: The imaging evaluation of cystic fibrosis currently relies on chest radiography or computed tomography. Recently, digital chest tomosynthesis has been proposed as an alternative. We have developed a stationary digital chest tomosynthesis (s-DCT) system based on a carbon nanotube (CNT) linear x-ray source array. This system enables tomographic imaging without movement of the x-ray tube and allows for physiological gating. The goal of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of clinical CF imaging with the s-DCT system. Materials and methods: CF patients undergoing clinically indicated chest radiography were recruited for the study and imaged on the s-DCT system. Three board-certified radiologists reviewed both the CXR and s-DCT images for image quality relevant to CF. CF disease severity was assessed by Brasfield score on CXR and chest tomosynthesis score on s-DCT. Disease severity measures were also evaluated against subject pulmonary function tests. Results: Fourteen patients underwent s-DCT imaging within 72 h of their chest radiograph imaging. Readers scored the visualization of proximal bronchi, small airways and vascular pattern higher on s-DCT than CXR. Correlation between the averaged Brasfield score and averaged tomosynthesis disease severity score for CF was -0.73, p = 0.0033. The CF disease severity score system for tomosynthesis had high correlation with FEV1 (r = -0.685) and FEF 25–75% (r = -0.719) as well as good correlation with FVC (r = -0.582). Conclusion: We demonstrate the potential of CNT x-ray-based s-DCT for use in the evaluation of cystic fibrosis disease status in the first clinical study of s-DCT. Key Points: • Carbon nanotube-based linear array x-ray tomosynthesis systems have the potential to provide diagnostically relevant information for patients with cystic fibrosis without the need for a moving gantry. • Despite the short angular span in this prototype system, lung features such as the proximal bronchi, small airways and pulmonary vasculature have improved visualization on s-DCT compared with CXR. Further improvements are anticipated with longer linear x-ray array tubes. • Evaluation of disease severity in CF patients is possible with s-DCT, yielding improved visualization of important lung features and high correlation with pulmonary function tests at a relatively low dose.
331. Efficacy and Safety of Biologics in Relapsing and/or Refractory Polyarteritis Nodosa: A European Collaborative Study
Creators: name: Jérome Hadjadj1
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Vasculitis
ANCA
Abstracts
Giant Cell Arthritis
MPA
GPA
EGPA
Takayasu
IgA vasculitis

description: Objectives: To describe the efficacy and safety of biologics for the treatment of relapsing and/or refractory polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) not related to hepatitis B virus (HBV). Methods: A retrospective European collaborative study was conducted in patients with non-HBV PAN who received biologics for the treatment of refractory and/or relapsing disease. Results: Fifty patients receiving a total of 60 lines of biologics, including TNF-alpha blockers in 21 cases, rituximab (RTX) in 19 cases, tocilizumab (TCZ) in 11 cases, and other biologics in 10 cases. After a median follow-up of 29 (8-50) months after biologics initiation, complete remission, partial response and treatment failure occurred in 43%, 10% and 43% of patients receiving TNF-alpha blockers, respectively, 55%, 0% and 27% of TCZ recipients, and 32%, 11%, and 58% of RTX recipients. No remission was noted in patients treated with other biologics. Median BVAS opped from 6 (2-15) at baseline to 3.5 (0-12) at 6 months and 2 (0-10) at 12 months in TNF-alpha blockers recipients, from 7 (4-12) to 2.5 (0-19) and 1.5 (0-3) in RTX recipients, and from 7.5 (4-17) to 0 (0-13) and 0 (0) in TCZ recipients, respectively. Median GCs dose decreased from 20 mg/day (3-80) at baseline to 9 (0-25) at 6 months and 5 (0-10) at 12 months in TNF-alpha blockers recipients, from 27 mg/day (0-70) to 9 (0-30) at 6 months and 4 (0-25) at 12 months in RTX recipients, and from 33 mg/day (5-80) to 10 (5-30) at 6 months and 6 (0-15) at 12 months in TCZ recipients. Severe adverse events were observed in 14 (28%) patients, mainly infections, leading to biologics discontinuation in only 3 cases. Conclusions: These results suggest that TCZ and TNF-alpha blockers may achieve higher rates of remission in relapsing and/or refractory PAN than other biologics. Our data warrant further study to confirm these findings. Disclosures: None
Nonparametric forecasting of low-dimensional dynamical systems
Creators: name: Berry, Tyrus
name: Giannakis, Dimitrios
name: Harlim, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This letter presents a non-parametric modeling approach for forecasting stochastic dynamical systems on low-dimensional manifolds. The key idea is to represent the discrete shift maps on a smooth basis which can be obtained by the diffusion maps algorithm. In the limit of large data, this approach converges to a Galerkin projection of the semigroup solution to the underlying dynamics on a basis adapted to the invariant measure. This approach allows one to quantify uncertainties (in fact, evolve the probability distribution) for non-trivial dynamical systems with equation-free modeling. We verify our approach on various examples, ranging from an inhomogeneous anisotropic stochastic differential equation on a torus, the chaotic Lorenz three-dimensional model, and the Niño-3.4 data set which is used as a proxy of the El-Niño Southern Oscillation.
description: Supplemental videos available at: http://personal.psu.edu/thb11/
Marche de procession de san Brancai (saint Pancrace) jouée aux galoubets-tambourins par Fabre père et fils
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2024

Abstract
Ecuador's mangrove forest carbon stocks: A spatiotemporal analysis of living carbon holdings and their depletion since the advent of commercial aquaculture
Creators: name: Hamilton, Stuart
name: Lovette, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we estimate the living carbon lost from Ecuador's mangrove forests since the advent of export-focused shrimp aquaculture. We use remote sensing techniques to delineate the extent of mangroves and aquaculture at approximately decadal periods since the arrival of aquaculture in each Ecuadorian estuary. We then spatiotemporally calculate the carbon values of the mangrove forests and estimate the amount of carbon lost due to direct displacement by aquaculture. Additionally, we calculate the new carbon stocks generated due to mangrove reforestation or afforestation. This research introduces time and land use / land cover change (LUCC) into the tropical forest carbon literature and examines forest carbon loss at a higher spatiotemporal resolution than in many earlier analyses. We find that 80%, or 7,014,517 t of the living carbon lost in Ecuadorian mangrove forests can be attributed to direct displacement of mangrove forests by shrimp aquaculture. We also find that Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) compliant carbon grids within Ecuador's estuaries overestimate living carbon levels in estuaries where substantial LUCC has occurred. By approaching the mangrove forest carbon loss question from a LUCC perspective, these findings allow for tropical nations and other intervention agents to prioritize and target a limited set of land transitions that likely drive the majority of carbon losses. This singular cause of transition has implications for programs that attempt to offset or limit future forest carbon losses and place value on forest carbon or other forest good and services.
description: 26 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
کنترل و مدیریت پروژه
Creators: name: Salehi, Emad
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 120201 Building Construction Management and Project Planning
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: تعریف پروژه ، نمودار های لازم، روش های مدیریت پروژه، دراین پاورپینت وجود دارد.
On the representation of the search region in multi-objective optimization
Creators: name: Klamroth, Kathrin
name: Lacour, Renaud
name: Vanderpooten, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Given a finite set $N$ of feasible points of a multi-objective optimization (MOO) problem, the search region corresponds to the part of the objective space containing all the points that are not dominated by any point of $N$, i.e. the part of the objective space which may contain further nondominated points. In this paper, we consider a representation of the search region by a set of tight local upper bounds (in the minimization case) that can be derived from the points of $N$. Local upper bounds play an important role in methods for generating or approximating the nondominated set of an MOO problem, yet few works in the field of MOO address their efficient incremental determination. We relate this issue to the state of the art in computational geometry and provide several equivalent definitions of local upper bounds that are meaningful in MOO. We discuss the complexity of this representation in arbitrary dimension, which yields an improved upper bound on the number of solver calls in epsilon-constraint-like methods to generate the nondominated set of a discrete MOO problem. We analyze and enhance a first incremental approach which operates by eliminating redundancies among local upper bounds. We also study some properties of local upper bounds, especially concerning the issue of redundant local upper bounds, that give rise to a new incremental approach which avoids such redundancies. Finally, the complexities of the incremental approaches are compared from the theoretical and empirical points of view.
description: 27 pages, to appear in European Journal of Operational Research
Quasi-periodic oscillation detected in $γ$-rays in blazar PKS 0346-27
Creators: name: Prince, Raj
name: Banerjee, Anuvab
name: Sharma, Ajay
name: das, Avik Kumar
name: Gupta, Alok C.
name: Bose, Debanjan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a variability study of the blazar PKS 0346-27 from December 2018 to January 2022 in its archival $γ$-ray observation by Fermi-LAT. We use the Lomb-Scargle periodogram and the weighted wavelet transform methods in order to detect the presence of periodicity/quasi-periodicity and localize this feature in time and frequency space. The significance of the periodicity feature has been estimated using the Monte-Carlo simulation approach. We have also determined the global significance of the periodicity to test the robustness of our claim. To explore the most probable scenario, we modeled the light curve with both a straight jet and a curved jet model. We detect a periodicity feature of $\sim$ 100 days duration for the entire period of observation with a statistical significance of $3σ$, which amounts to a 99.7\% confidence level. The global significance of this feature is found to be 96.96\%. Based on the Akaike Information Criteria, the most probable explanation is that the observed emission is enhanced due to the helical motion of a blob within a curved jet. The origin of this QPO is very likely a region of enhanced emission moving helically inside a curved jet. This work presents strong evidence for jet curvature in the source and an independent (albeit a little serendipitous) procedure to estimate the curvature in blazar jets.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, Accepted for publication in A&A, in Press
Gesamtkonzept kirchlicher Publizistik?
Creators: name: Roegele, Otto B.
name: Greiner, Franz
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 1 Nr. 2 (1972): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 1, Heft 2
An update on carbon nanotube-enabled X-ray sources for biomedical imaging
Creators: name: Lu, J.
name: Franceschi, D.K.
name: Puett, C.
name: Inscoe, C.R.
name: Hartman, A.
name: Calliste, J.
name: Lee, Y.Z.
name: Zhou, O.
Publisher: name: Wiley-Blackwell
Year: 2018

description: A new imaging technology has emerged that uses carbon nanotubes (CNT) as the electron emitter (cathode) for the X-ray tube. Since the performance of the CNT cathode is controlled by simple voltage manipulation, CNT-enabled X-ray sources are ideal for the repetitive imaging steps needed to capture three-dimensional information. As such, they have allowed the development of a gated micro-computed tomography (CT) scanner for small animal research as well as stationary tomosynthesis, an experimental technology for large field-of-view human imaging. The small animal CT can acquire images at specific points in the respiratory and cardiac cycles. Longitudinal imaging therefore becomes possible and has been applied to many research questions, ranging from tumor response to the noninvasive assessment of cardiac output. Digital tomosynthesis (DT) is a low-dose and low-cost human imaging tool that captures some depth information. Known as three-dimensional mammography, DT is now used clinically for breast imaging. However, the resolution of currently-approved DT is limited by the need to swing the X-ray source through space to collect a series of projection views. An array of fixed and distributed CNT-enabled sources provides the solution and has been used to construct stationary DT devices for breast, lung, and dental imaging. To date, over 100 patients have been imaged on Institutional Review Board-approved study protocols. Early experience is promising, showing an excellent conspicuity of soft-tissue features, while also highlighting technical and post-acquisition processing limitations that are guiding continued research and development. Additionally, CNT-enabled sources are being tested in miniature X-ray tubes that are capable of generating adequate photon energies and tube currents for clinical imaging. Although there are many potential applications for these small field-of-view devices, initial experience has been with an X-ray source that can be inserted into the mouth for dental imaging. Conceived less than 20 years ago, CNT-enabled X-ray sources are now being manufactured on a commercial scale and are powering both research tools and experimental human imaging devices. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2018, 10:e1475. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1475. This article is categorized under: Diagnostic Tools > Diagnostic Nanodevices Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging.
Tunable ultrafast thermionic emission from femtosecond-laser hot spot on a metal surface: role of laser polarization and angle of incidence
Creators: name: Kahaly, Mousumi Upadhyay
name: Madas, Saibabu
name: Mesits, Boris
name: Kahaly, Subhendu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultrafast laser induced thermionic emission from metal surfaces has several applications. Here, we investigate the role of laser polarization and angle of incidence on the ultrafast thermionic emission process from laser driven gold coated glass surface. The spatio-temporal evolution of electron and lattice temperatures are obtained using an improved three-dimensional (3D) two-temperature model (TTM) which takes into account the 3D laser pulse profile focused obliquely onto the surface. The associated thermionic emission features are described through modified Richardson-Dushman equation, including dynamic space charge effects and are included self-consistently in our numerical approach. We show that temperature dependent reflectivity influences laser energy absorption. The resulting peak electron temperature on the metal surface monotonically increases with angle of incidence for P polarization, while for S polarization it shows opposite trend. We observe that thermionic emission duration shows strong dependence on angle of incidence and contrasting polarization dependent behaviour. The duration of thermionic current shows strong correlation to the intrinsic electron-lattice thermalization time, in a fluence regime well below the damage threshold of gold. The observations and insights have important consequences in designing ultrafast thermionic emitters based on a metal based architecture.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures, 1 table
Decomposition mechanism and the effects of metal additives on the kinetics of lithium alanate
Creators: name: Hoang, Khang
name: Janotti, Anderson
name: Van de Walle, Chris G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First-principles density functional theory studies have been carried out for native defects and transition-metal (Ti and Ni) impurities in lithium alanate (LiAlH$_{4}$), a potential material for hydrogen storage. On the basis of our detailed analysis of the structure, energetics, and migration of lithium-, aluminum-, and hydrogen-related defects, we propose a specific atomistic mechanism for the decomposition and dehydrogenation of LiAlH$_{4}$ that involves mass transport mediated by native point defects. We also discuss how Ti and Ni impurities alter the Fermi-level position with respect to that in the undoped material, thus changing the concentration of charged defects that are responsible for mass transport. This mechanism provides an explanation for the experimentally observed lowering of the temperature for the onset of decomposition and of the activation energy for hydrogen desorption from LiAlH$_{4}$.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1412.6214
Learning Descriptors for Object Recognition and 3D Pose Estimation
Creators: name: Wohlhart, Paul
name: Lepetit, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Detecting poorly textured objects and estimating their 3D pose reliably is still a very challenging problem. We introduce a simple but powerful approach to computing descriptors for object views that efficiently capture both the object identity and 3D pose. By contrast with previous manifold-based approaches, we can rely on the Euclidean distance to evaluate the similarity between descriptors, and therefore use scalable Nearest Neighbor search methods to efficiently handle a large number of objects under a large range of poses. To achieve this, we train a Convolutional Neural Network to compute these descriptors by enforcing simple similarity and dissimilarity constraints between the descriptors. We show that our constraints nicely untangle the images from different objects and different views into clusters that are not only well-separated but also structured as the corresponding sets of poses: The Euclidean distance between descriptors is large when the descriptors are from different objects, and directly related to the distance between the poses when the descriptors are from the same object. These important properties allow us to outperform state-of-the-art object views representations on challenging RGB and RGB-D data.
description: CVPR 2015
Phantom-based study exploring the effects of different scatter correction approaches on the reconstructed images generated by contrast-enhanced stationary digital breast tomosynthesis
Creators: name: Inscoe, C.R.
name: Lu, J.
name: Lee, Y.Z.
name: Puett, C.
name: Zhou, O.
Publisher: name: SPIE
Year: 2018

description: Stationary digital breast tomosynthesis (sDBT) is an emerging technology in which the single rotating x-ray tube is replaced by a fixed array of multiple carbon nanotube-enabled sources, providing a higher spatial and temporal resolution. As such, sDBT offers a promising platform for contrast-enhanced (CE) imaging. However, given the minimal enhancement above background with standard operational tube settings and iodine dosing, CE breast imaging requires additional acquisition steps to isolate the iodine signal, using either temporal or dual energy subtraction (TS or DES) protocols. Also, correcting for factors that limit contrast is critical, and scatter and noise pose unique challenges during tomosynthesis. This phantom-based study of CE sDBT compared different postacquisition scatter correction approaches on the quality of the reconstructed image slices. Beam-pass collimation was used to sample scatter indirectly, from which an interpolated scatter map was obtained for each projection image. Scatter-corrected projections provided the information for reconstruction. Comparison between the application of different scatter maps demonstrated the significant effect that processing has on the contrast-to-noise ratio and feature detectability (d′) in the final displayed images and emphasized the critical importance of scatter correction during DES.
Vom Sozialkatholizismus zum Sozialökumenismus?
Creators: name: Maier, Hans
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 1 Nr. 2 (1972): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 1, Heft 2
The LISA Data Challenge Radler Analysis and Time-dependent Ultra-compact Binary Catalogues
Creators: name: Lackeos, Kristen
name: Littenberg, Tyson B.
name: Cornish, Neil J.
name: Thorpe, James I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Galactic binaries account for the loudest combined continuous gravitational wave signal in the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) band, which spans a frequency range of 0.1 mHz to 1 Hz. Aims. A superposition of low frequency Galactic and extragalactic signals and instrument noise comprise the LISA data stream. Resolving as many Galactic binary signals as possible and characterising the unresolved Galactic foreground noise after their subtraction from the data are a necessary step towards a global fit solution to the LISA data. Methods. We analyse a simulated gravitational wave time series of tens of millions of ultra-compact Galactic binaries hundreds of thousands of years from merger. This data set is called the Radler Galaxy and is part of the LISA Data challenges. We use a Markov Chain Monte Carlo search pipeline specifically designed to perform a global fit to the Galactic binaries and detector noise. Our analysis is performed for increasingly larger observation times of 1.5, 3, 6 and 12 months. Results. We show that after one year of observing, as many as ten thousand ultra-compact binary signals are individually resolvable. Ultra-compact binary catalogues corresponding to each observation time are presented. The Radler Galaxy is a training data set, with binary parameters for every signal in the data stream included. We compare our derived catalogues to the LISA Data challenge Radler catalogue to quantify the detection efficiency of the search pipeline. Included in the appendix is a more detailed analysis of two corner cases that provide insight into future improvements to our search pipeline.
Tracing obscured galaxy build-up at high redshift using deep radio surveys
Creators: name: Amarantidis, Stergios
name: Afonso, Jose
name: Matute, Israel
name: Farrah, Duncan
name: Hopkins, A. M.
name: Messias, Hugo
name: Pappalardo, Ciro
name: Seymour, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A fundamental question of extra-galactic astronomy that is yet to be fully understood, concerns the evolution of the star formation rate (SFR) and supermassive black hole (SMBH) activity with cosmic time, as well as their interplay and how it impacts galaxy evolution. A primary focus that could shed more light on these questions is the study of merging systems, comprising highly star-forming galaxies (SFGs) and active galactic nuclei (AGN) at the earliest stages of galactic formation. However, it is essential to explore complementary selection methods across multiple wavelengths. The primary objective of this study is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of a sample of high-redshift ($z>3$) far-infrared (far-IR) and radio-emitting galaxies in the highest possible spatial resolution. In order to select the galactic population of our interest, we selected galaxies that present relatively compact radio morphologies at 1.4 GHz as well as a far-IR spectrum that peaks in flux at $λ\geq 350 \, μm$. For these selection criteria, we used the COSMOS and ECDF-S fields, which provide high spectral and spatial resolution at a multi-wavelength scale. We derived a sample of eight galaxies that were identified either photometrically or spectroscopically at $z>3$ from literature studies and by our team. A thorough investigation of available optical, near-IR, and millimetre (mm) imaging reveals a possible merging scenario in five out of eight cases in our sample. Additionally, available multi-wavelength photometry strongly suggests active star formation at the $10^3 \, M_{\odot}/yr$ level in massive systems co-hosting an active SMBH. Comparison of these results with previous studies, suggests that our selection method preferentially identifies galaxies hosting an active SMBH, as well as a strong SFG component, resulting in high SFR and IR luminosity.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables
Detection of atmospheric species and dynamics in the bloated hot Jupiter WASP-172~b with ESPRESSO
Creators: name: Seidel, J. V.
name: Prinoth, B.
name: Knudstrup, E.
name: Hoeijmakers, H. J.
name: Zanazzi, J. J.
name: Albrecht, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The population of strongly irradiated Jupiter-sized planets has no equivalent in the Solar System. It is characterised by strongly bloated atmospheres and atmospheric large-scale heights. Recent space-based observations of SO2 photochemistry demonstrated the knowledge that can be gained from detailed atmospheric studies of these unusual planets about Earth's uniqueness. Aims. Here we explore the atmosphere of WASP-172b a similar planet in temperature and bloating to the recently studied HD~149026~b. In this work, we characterise the atmospheric composition and subsequently the atmospheric dynamics of this prime target. Methods. We observed a particular transit of WASP-172b in front of its host star with ESO's ESPRESSO spectrograph and analysed the spectra obtained before during and after transit. Results. We detect the absorption of starlight by WASP-172b's atmosphere by sodium (5.6sigma), hydrogen (19.5sigma) and obtained a tentative detection of iron (4.1sigma). We detect strong - yet varying - blue shifts, relative to the planetary rest frame, of all of these absorption features. This allows for a preliminary study of the atmospheric dynamics of WASP-172b. Conclusions. With only one transit, we were able to detect a wide variety of species, clearly tracking different atmospheric layers with possible jets. WASP-172b is a prime follow-up target for a more in-depth characterisation both for ground and space-based observatories. If the detection of Fe is confirmed, this may suggest that radius inflation is an important determinant for the detectability of Fe in hot Jupiters, as several non-detections of Fe have been published for planets that are hotter but less inflated than WASP-172b.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A, joint first authors Seidel and Prinoth, 11 pages, 16 figures, 2 tables, 1 appendix
Gravitational Waves from Direct Collapse Black Holes Formation
Creators: name: Pacucci, Fabio
name: Ferrara, Andrea
name: Marassi, Stefania
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possible formation of Direct Collapse Black Holes (DCBHs) in the first metal-free atomic cooling halos at high redshifts ($z > 10$) is nowadays object of intense study and several methods to prove their existence are currently under development. The abrupt collapse of a massive ($\sim 10^4 - 10^5 \, \mathrm{M_{\odot}}$) and rotating object is a powerful source of gravitational waves emission. In this work, we employ modern waveforms and the improved knowledge on the DCBHs formation rate to estimate the gravitational signal emitted by these sources at cosmological distances. Their formation rate is very high ($\sim 10^4 \, \mathrm{yr^{-1}}$ up to $z\sim20$), but due to a short duration of the collapse event ($\sim 2-30\, \mathrm{s}$, depending on the DCBH mass) the integrated signal from these sources is characterized by a very low duty-cycle (${\cal D}\sim 10^{-3}$), i.e. a shot-noise signal. Our results show that the estimated signal lies above the foreseen sensitivity of the Ultimate-DECIGO observatory in the frequency range $(0.8-300) \, \mathrm{mHz}$, with a peak amplitude $Ω_{gw} = 1.1 \times 10^{-54}$ at $ν_{max} = 0.9 \, \mathrm{mHz}$ and a peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio $\mathrm{SNR}\sim 22$ at $ν= 20 \, \mathrm{mHz}$. This amplitude is lower than the Galactic confusion noise, generated by binary systems of compact objects in the same frequency band. For this reason, advanced techniques will be required to separate this signal from background and foreground noise components. As a proof-of-concept, we conclude by proposing a simple method, based on the auto-correlation function, to recognize the presence of a ${\cal D} \ll 1$ signal buried into the continuous noise. The aim of this work is to test the existence of a large population of high-z DCBHs, by observing the gravitational waves emitted during their infancy.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS