cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Electron-ion Recombination of Fe X forming Fe IX and of Fe XI forming Fe X: Laboratory Measurements and Theoretical Calculations
Creators: name: Lestinsky, M.
name: Badnell, N. R.
name: Bernhardt, D.
name: Grieser, M.
name: Hoffmann, J.
name: Lukić, D.
name: Müller, A.
name: Orlov, D. A.
name: Repnow, R.
name: Savin, D. W.
name: Schmidt, E. W.
name: Schnell, M.
name: Schippers, S.
name: Wolf, A.
name: Yu, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured electron-ion recombination for Fe$^{9+}$ forming Fe$^{8+}$ and for Fe$^{10+}$ forming Fe$^{9+}$ using merged beams at the TSR heavy-ion storage-ring in Heidelberg. The measured merged beams recombination rate coefficients (MBRRC) for relative energies from 0 to 75 eV are presented, covering all dielectronic recombination (DR) resonances associated with 3s->3p and 3p->3d core transitions in the spectroscopic species Fe X and Fe XI, respectively. We compare our experimental results to multi-configuration Breit-Pauli (MCBP) calculations and find significant differences. From the measured MBRRC we have extracted the DR contributions and transform them into plasma recombination rate coefficients (PRRC) for astrophysical plasmas with temperatures from 10^2 to 10^7 K. This spans across the regimes where each ion forms in photoionized or in collisionally ionized plasmas. For both temperature regimes the experimental uncertainties are 25% at a 90% confidence level. The formerly recommended DR data severely underestimated the rate coefficient at temperatures relevant for photoionized gas. At the temperatures relevant for photoionized gas, we find agreement between our experimental results and MCBP theory. At the higher temperatures relevant for collisionally ionized gas, the MCBP calculations yield a Fe XI DR rate coefficent which is significantly larger than the experimentally derived one. We present parameterized fits to our experimentally derived DR PRRC.
description: 44 Pages, 5 Figures. Accepted for publication in Astrophys. J
Density dependence of valley polarization energy for composite fermions
Creators: name: Padmanabhan, Medini
name: Gokmen, T.
name: Shayegan, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In two-dimensional electron systems confined to wide AlAs quantum wells, composite fermions around the filling factor $ν$ = 3/2 are fully spin polarized but possess a valley degree of freedom. Here we measure the energy needed to completely valley polarize these composite fermions as a function of electron density. Comparing our results to the existing theory, we find overall good quantitative agreement, but there is an unexpected trend: The measured composite fermion valley polarization energy, normalized to the Coulomb energy, decreases with decreasing density.
Analyticity of the Wiener-Hopf factors and valuation of exotic options in Lévy models
Creators: name: Eberlein, Ernst
name: Glau, Kathrin
name: Papapantoleon, Antonis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Pricing of Securities (q-fin.PR)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Computational Finance (q-fin.CP)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 91B28, 60G51

description: This paper considers the valuation of exotic path-dependent options in Lévy models, in particular options on the supremum and the infimum of the asset price process. Using the Wiener--Hopf factorization, we derive expressions for the analytically extended characteristic function of the supremum and the infimum of a Lévy process. Combined with general results on Fourier methods for option pricing, we provide formulas for the valuation of one-touch options, lookback options and equity default swaps in Lévy models.
description: 22 pages, no figures. Forthcoming in the volume on "Advanced Mathematical Methods for Finance"
Langevin Approach to Levy Flights in Fixed Potentials: Exact Results for Stationary Probability Distributions
Creators: name: Dubkov, A. A.
name: Spagnolo, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The functional method to derive the fractional Fokker-Planck equation for probability distribution from the Langevin equation with Levy stable noise is proposed. For the Cauchy stable noise we obtain the exact stationary probability density function of Levy flights in different smooth potential profiles. We find confinement of the particle in the superdiffusion motion with a bimodal stationary distribution for all the anharmonic symmetric monostable potentials investigated. The stationary probability density functions show power-law tails, which ensure finiteness of the variance. By reviewing recent results on these statistical characteristics, the peculiarities of Levy flights in comparison with ordinary Brownian motion are discussed.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, Presented at the XIX Marian Smoluchowski Symposium on Statistical Physics, Krakow, Poland, May 14-17, 2006
England Clarifies its Agroforestry Basic Payment Rules
Creators: name: Gerry LAWSON
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: agroforestry
basic payments
CAP

description: 9. England has clarified that areas of agroforestry are eligible for Basic Payments as long as the the agricultural activity is "predominant" - i.e. covering at least 50% of the land area underneath the tree canopy.
description: EURAF Policy Briefing #9
A Limit on the Polarized Anomalous Microwave Emission of Lynds 1622
Creators: name: Mason, B. S.
name: Robishaw, T.
name: Heiles, C.
name: Finkbeiner, D.
name: Dickinson, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dark cloud Lynds 1622 is one of a few specific sites in the Galaxy where, relative to observed free-free and vibrational dust emission, there is a clear excess of microwave emission. In order to constrain models for this microwave emission, and to better establish the contribution which it might make to ongoing and near-future microwave background polarization experiments, we have used the Green Bank Telescope to search for linear polarization at 9.65 Ghz towards Lynds 1622. We place a 95.4% upper limit of 88 micro-Kelvin (123 micro-Kelvin at 99.7 confidence) on the total linear polarization of this source averaged over a 1'.3 FWHM beam. Relative to the observed level of anomalous emission in Stokes I these limits correspond to fractional linear polarizations of 2.7% and 3.5%.
description: replaced with version accepted by ApJ
Homoclinic standing waves in focussing DNLS equations --Variational approach via constrained optimization
Creators: name: Herrmann, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37K60, 47J30, 78A40

description: We study focussing discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equations and present a new variational existence proof for homoclinic standing waves (bright solitons). Our approach relies on the constrained maximization of an energy functional and provides the existence of two one-parameter families of waves with unimodal and even profile function for a wide class of nonlinearities. Finally, we illustrate our results by numerical simulations.
description: new version with revised introduction and improved condition (A3); 16 pages, several figures
In Silico Detection and Characterisation of Biological Regulatory Elements
Creators: name: Uren, PJ
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023
Subjects: Pattern recognition

description: This thesis concentrates upon the detection of biological transcriptional regulatory elements through computational methods. Current approaches are focused upon a representation of DNA which is essentially an abstraction to a string using a four letter alphabet. This fails to make explicit a large amount of relevant information describing how the molecule functions in its cellular environment. A major contribution of this work is the exploration of existing higher order physical and chemical properties as a representational scheme for DNA. Classification mechanisms based upon such a representation are evaluated on several tasks associated with the recognition and localisation of transcriptional control elements. The computational approaches used come from a variety of backgrounds, but the focus is primarily on machine learning methods. It is shown that promoters can be effectively predicted using a representation based on higher-order physical and chemical properties. This representation also allows more explicit insight into the biological functioning of the promoter by highlighting which regions are important for classification with respect to each model. This physico-chemical representation is also shown to be effective in clustering transcription factor binding sites for a single factor into sub-groups. These groups are used to construct weight matrices which demonstrate improved binding site classification over their original counterparts. The newly constructed composite matrices are also shown to produce fewer positive predictions but equivalent classification performance when used within a promoter prediction scheme. Motif based representations for characterising promoters are also prevalent. These have traditionally focused on a relatively small, often fixed, number of core promoter elements. While this is easily mapped into a supervised learning scenario, the more challenging task of using a variable number of motifs is considered within this work. An approach is presented to handle the scenario in which both the number of elements and their frequency of occurrence are not known a priori. This representation, handled via the multiple instance learning paradigm, is shown to be effective when combined with physico-chemical property based promoter prediction. Finally, comparative approaches also exist for the identification of regulatory elements and are often heavily reliant on a multiple sequence alignment algorithm. Such an algorithm, using simulated annealing to search for an optimal alignment ordering and based on a recent solution to the aligning alignments problem, is introduced within this work. This thesis explores the application of the new algorithm to problems involving both protein and nucleotide data.
Colour-Music: Musical Modelling in James McNeill Whistler's Art
Creators: name: Teniswood-Harvey, Arabella
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023
Subjects: Art history

description: This study investigates the influence of Western music on Whistler’s artistic theory and practice. Drawing upon primary sources, it traces Whistler’s lifelong exposure to, and engagement with, music making, and considers the ways in which he translated his musical experiences into pictorial subject matter. Whistler’s use of musical nomenclature and analogy are then examined, within the context of both his personal musical experience and knowledge, and the wider nineteenth-century interest in the interrelations between the visual arts and music. The notions of musical autonomy, art-for-art’s sake and artistic correspondence; the influence of music on colour theory; and the discourse of enthusiasm surrounding Beethovenism and Wagnerism are deemed influential.
Topological qubits in graphenelike systems
Creators: name: Santos, Luiz
name: Ryu, Shinsei
name: Chamon, Claudio
name: Mudry, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fermion-doubling problem can be an obstacle to getting half-a-qubit in two-dimensional fermionic tight-binding models in the form of Majorana zero modes bound to the core of superconducting vortices. We argue that the number of such Majorana zero modes is determined by a Z_2 x Z_2 topological charge for a family of two-dimensional fermionic tight-binding models ranging from noncentrosymmetric materials to graphene. This charge depends on the dimension of the representation (i.e., the number of species of Dirac fermions -- where the doubling problem enters) and the parity of the Chern number induced by breaking time-reversal symmetry. We show that in graphene there are as many as ten order parameters that can be used in groups of four to change the topological number from even to odd.
description: 5 pages; 2 figures; 1 table
Neutrino Masses, Dark Energy and the Gravitational Lensing of Pregalactic HI
Creators: name: Metcalf, R. Benton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the constraints which the next generation of radio telescopes could place on the mass and number of neutrino species by studying the gravitational lensing of high redshift 21 cm emission in combination with wide-angle surveys of galaxy lensing. We use simple characterizations of reionization history and of proposed telescope designs to forecast the constraints and detectability threshold for neutrinos. It is found that the degeneracy between neutrino parameters and dark energy parameters is significantly reduced by incorporating 21 cm lensing. The combination of galaxy and 21 cm lensing could constrain the sum of the neutrino masses to within ~ 0.04 eV and the number of species to within ~ 0.1. This is an improvement of a factor of 2.6 in mass and 1.3 in number over a galaxy lensing survey alone. This includes marginalizing over an 11 parameter cosmological model with a two parameter model for the dark energy equation of state. If the dark energy equation of state is held fixed at w = p/ρ=-1 the constraints improve to ~0.03 eV and 0.04. These forecasted errors depend critically on the fraction of sky that can be surveyed in redshifted 21 cm emission (25% is assumed here) and the redshift of reionization ($z=7$ is assumed here). It is also found that neutrinos with masses too small to be detected in the data could none the less cause a significant bias in the measured dark energy equation of state.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Agroforestry and CAP Monitoring
Creators: name: LAWSON, Gerry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Of the failings of the post-2022 CAP, the proposed monitoring methodology is the biggest disappointment.  How can Member States have full subsidiarity and flexibility in policies if the tools used to monitor the impacts of their interventions are not fit for purpose?   This Briefing reviews the proposals.
description: EURAF Policy Briefing #7
Consistent histories of systems and measurements in spacetime
Creators: name: Seidewitz, Ed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Traditional interpretations of quantum theory in terms of wave function collapse are particularly unappealing when considering the universe as a whole, where there is no clean separation between classical observer and quantum system and where the description is inherently relativistic. As an alternative, the consistent histories approach provides an attractive "no collapse" interpretation of quantum physics. Consistent histories can also be linked to path-integral formulations that may be readily generalized to the relativistic case. A previous paper described how, in such a relativistic spacetime path formalism, the quantum history of the universe could be considered to be an eignestate of the measurements made within it. However, two important topics were not addressed in detail there: a model of measurement processes in the context of quantum histories in spacetime and a justification for why the probabilities for each possible cosmological eigenstate should follow Born's rule. The present paper addresses these topics by showing how Zurek's concepts of einselection and envariance can be applied in the context of relativistic spacetime and quantum histories. The result is a model of systems and subsystems within the universe and their interaction with each other and their environment.
description: RevTeX 4; 37 pages; v2 is a revision in response to reviewer comments, connecting the discussion in the paper more closely to consistent history concepts; v3 has minor editorial corrections; accepted for publication in Foundations of Physics; v4 has a couple minor typographical corrections
On the Geometry of Super Yang-Mills Theories: Phases and Irreducible Polynomials
Creators: name: Ferrari, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the algebraic and geometric structures that underly the space of vacua of N=1 super Yang-Mills theories at the non-perturbative level. Chiral operators are shown to satisfy polynomial equations over appropriate rings, and the phase structure of the theory can be elegantly described by the factorization of these polynomials into irreducible pieces. In particular, this idea yields a powerful method to analyse the possible smooth interpolations between different classical limits in the gauge theory. As an application in U(Nc) theories, we provide a simple and completely general proof of the fact that confining and Higgs vacua are in the same phase when fundamental flavors are present, by finding an irreducible polynomial equation satisfied by the glueball operator. We also derive the full phase diagram for the theory with one adjoint when Nc is less than or equal to 7 using computational algebraic geometry programs.
description: 87 pages; v2: typos and eq. (4.44) corrected
Quantum Metropolis Sampling
Creators: name: Temme, K.
name: Osborne, T. J.
name: Vollbrecht, K. G.
name: Poulin, D.
name: Verstraete, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The original motivation to build a quantum computer came from Feynman who envisaged a machine capable of simulating generic quantum mechanical systems, a task that is believed to be intractable for classical computers. Such a machine would have a wide range of applications in the simulation of many-body quantum physics, including condensed matter physics, chemistry, and high energy physics. Part of Feynman's challenge was met by Lloyd who showed how to approximately decompose the time-evolution operator of interacting quantum particles into a short sequence of elementary gates, suitable for operation on a quantum computer. However, this left open the problem of how to simulate the equilibrium and static properties of quantum systems. This requires the preparation of ground and Gibbs states on a quantum computer. For classical systems, this problem is solved by the ubiquitous Metropolis algorithm, a method that basically acquired a monopoly for the simulation of interacting particles. Here, we demonstrate how to implement a quantum version of the Metropolis algorithm on a quantum computer. This algorithm permits to sample directly from the eigenstates of the Hamiltonian and thus evades the sign problem present in classical simulations. A small scale implementation of this algorithm can already be achieved with today's technology
description: revised version
MPEC 2023-Y11 : 2023 XK15
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 XK15

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Deviations from tri-bimaximal mixing
Creators: name: Rodejohann, Werner
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current data indicates that lepton mixing is very close to the tri-bimaximal mixing scenario. In general, however, one expects deviations from any mixing scenario. We discuss several examples to perturb tri-bimaximal mixing, namely soft breaking, renormalization group running and charged lepton corrections. We also present a convenient parametrization of the PMNS matrix which takes advantage of the apparently close to tri-bimaximal mixing pattern. Finally, it is discussed how to generate values of U_{e3} which correspond to the recently found hint for non-zero U_{e3}.
description: 3 pages. Talk given at NOW2008, Conca Specchiulla, Otranto, Italy, September 6-13, 2008
The boundary volume of a lattice polytope
Creators: name: Hegedüs, Gábor
name: Kasprzyk, Alexander M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52B20, 52C07, 52B12

description: For a d-dimensional convex lattice polytope P, a formula for the boundary volume is derived in terms of the number of boundary lattice points on the first $\floor{d/2}$ dilations of P. As an application we give a necessary and sufficient condition for a polytope to be reflexive, and derive formulae for the f-vector of a smooth polytope in dimensions 3, 4, and 5. We also give applications to reflexive order polytopes, and to the Birkhoff polytope.
description: 21 pages; subsumes arXiv:1002.1908 [math.CO]; to appear in the Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society
BrCN-Virome
Creators: name: He, Biao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 310706
subject: Virology

description: We collected 2,535 organ and 274 blood samples from 466 healthy and 50 dead wild boars across 127 locations in 26 provincial regions of China. These samples were subjected to a combination of RNA and DNA viromic analyses, which resulted in a data set of 9,281 viral metagenomes. This data set provides an important knowledge base for understanding the virus diversity harbored by wild boars.
Additional file 1 of Contrast-enhanced transrectal ultrasound can reduce collection of unnecessary biopsies when diagnosing prostate cancer and is predictive of biochemical recurrence following a radical prostatectomy in patients with localized prostate cancer
Creators: name: Zhao, Hong-wei
name: Li, Jian
name: Cao, Jia-Zheng
name: Lin, Juan
name: Wang, Zhu
name: Lv, Jian-yao
name: Wei, Jin-huan
name: Chen, Zhen-hua
name: Yao, Hao-hua
name: Pan, Yi-hui
name: Gao, Zhen-li
name: Luo, Jun-hang
name: Chen, Wei
name: Shi, Lei
name: Fang, Yong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional File 1: Table 1: Diagnostic efficacy of CETRUS scores in differentiating prostate cancer from benign disease at different cut-off points.
Target-controlled dialysis for antibiotics (TCD-ABx)
Creators: name: Dejaco, Alexander
name: Dorn, Christoph
name: Lier, Constantin
name: Fleischmann, Daniel
name: Kratzer, Alexander
name: Habler, Katharina
name: Paal, Michael
name: Gruber, Michael
name: Rosenberger, Johanna
name: Kees, Martin G.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Target-controlled dialysis; Renal replacement therapy; Intensive care; Hemodialysis; Antibiotics; Therapeutic drug monitoring
subject: 615 Pharmazie

description: Background: Effective antimicrobial therapy is an essential part of intensive care medicine and renal replacement therapy is an important and common intervention which significantly affects the pharmacokinetics of many antimicrobials. This is especially critical for substances with a narrow therapeutic range, creating a dilemma of weighing the risk of toxicity from increased drug exposure against risk of ineffective treatment and promotion of antimicrobial resistance. To address this problem, we investigate a target-controlled dialysis by in vitro experiments - a novel technique in which drug is spiked into the dialysis solution to make use of the physicochemical properties of renal replacement therapy for solute transport, with the goal to reduce the risk of inadequate drug exposure.

Methods: Five antibiotics (ceftazidime, meropenem, piperacillin/tazobactam, vancomycin, flucloxacillin) were dialyzed in an in vitro model of continuous veno-venous hemodialysis using 1 L of bovine serum albumin solution as simulated patient plasma compartment. This was done with and without antibiotics in target concentrations added to the dialysis solution, mimicking three clinically relevant scenarios: (i) target-controlled dialysis in a subject with sub-therapeutic drug levels, (ii) target-controlled dialysis in a subject with supra-therapeutic drug levels, and (iii) traditional dialysis of drugs starting at the target concentration. Drug levels were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography. Additionally, the stability over 24 h of all antibiotics in two typical dialysis solutions was assessed.

Results: Our data shows that with target-controlled dialysis, antibiotic concentrations will change in the desired direction towards the target concentration, depending on the patients' unbound drug levels in relation to the concentration in the dialysis solution. The desired target concentrations can be induced and maintained, regardless of the initial concentration. Furthermore, the stability tests revealed only a minor and clinically irrelevant loss in drug concentration (all < 10.2%) after 12 h.

Conclusions: We outlined the mechanistic plausibility and provided experimental evidence of the feasibility of the target-controlled dialysis concept, which could help to maintain therapeutic concentrations of many time-dependent antibiotics in critically ill patients under renal replacement therapy. The required stability in dialysis solutions was shown for a set of important antibiotics. The next step will be the prudent application of this concept to patients in clinical trials.
Greedy Solution of Ill-Posed Problems: Error Bounds and Exact Inversion
Creators: name: Denis, Loic
name: Lorenz, Dirk A.
name: Trede, Dennis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65J20, 94A12, 47A52

description: The orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) is an algorithm to solve sparse approximation problems. Sufficient conditions for exact recovery are known with and without noise. In this paper we investigate the applicability of the OMP for the solution of ill-posed inverse problems in general and in particular for two deconvolution examples from mass spectrometry and digital holography respectively. In sparse approximation problems one often has to deal with the problem of redundancy of a dictionary, i.e. the atoms are not linearly independent. However, one expects them to be approximatively orthogonal and this is quantified by the so-called incoherence. This idea cannot be transfered to ill-posed inverse problems since here the atoms are typically far from orthogonal: The ill-posedness of the operator causes that the correlation of two distinct atoms probably gets huge, i.e. that two atoms can look much alike. Therefore one needs conditions which take the structure of the problem into account and work without the concept of coherence. In this paper we develop results for exact recovery of the support of noisy signals. In the two examples in mass spectrometry and digital holography we show that our results lead to practically relevant estimates such that one may check a priori if the experimental setup guarantees exact deconvolution with OMP. Especially in the example from digital holography our analysis may be regarded as a first step to calculate the resolution power of droplet holography.
Development and operation of research-scale III-V nanowire growth reactors
Creators: name: Schroer, M. D.
name: Xu, S. Y.
name: Bergman, A.
name: Petta, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: III-V nanowires are useful platforms for studying the electronic and mechanical properties of materials at the nanometer scale. However, the costs associated with commercial nanowire growth reactors are prohibitive for most research groups. We developed hot-wall and cold-wall metal organic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE) reactors for the growth of InAs nanowires, which both use the same gas handling system. The hot-wall reactor is based on an inexpensive quartz tube furnace and yields InAs nanowires for a narrow range of operating conditions. Improvement of crystal quality and an increase in growth run to growth run reproducibility are obtained using a homebuilt UHV cold-wall reactor with a base pressure of 2 X 10$^{-9}$ Torr. A load-lock on the UHV reactor prevents the growth chamber from being exposed to atmospheric conditions during sample transfers. Nanowires grown in the cold-wall system have a low defect density, as determined using transmission electron microscopy, and exhibit field effect gating with mobilities approaching 16,000 cm$^2$(V.s).
description: Related papers at http://pettagroup.princeton.edu
A Large Blue Shift of the Biexciton State in Tellurium Doped CdSe Colloidal Quantum Dots
Creators: name: Avidan, Assaf
name: Oron, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exciton-exciton interaction energy of Tellurium doped CdSe colloidal quantum dots is experimentally investigated. The dots exhibit a strong Coulomb repulsion between the two excitons, which results in a huge measured biexciton blue shift of up to 300 meV. Such a strong Coulomb repulsion implies a very narrow hole wave function localized around the defect, which is manifested by a large Stokes shift. Moreover, we show that the biexciton blue shift increases linearly with the Stokes shift. This result is highly relevant for the use of colloidal QDs as optical gain media, where a large biexciton blue shift is required to obtain gain in the single exciton regime.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
METHODOLOGY OF USING MODERN APPROACHES AND INNOVATIONS IN TEACHING BIOLOGICAL SCIENCE IN UNIVERSAL EDUCATION SCHOOLS
Creators: name: Zebo Ruzikulova
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This article explores the methodology and implementation of contemporary approaches and innovations in teaching biological science within the context of universal education schools. With the rapid advancements in science and technology, educators are continually seeking effective strategies to engage students and enhance their learning experiences in biological sciences. The article investigates various modern approaches such as inquiry-based learning, flipped classrooms, use of educational technology, hands-on experiments, and interdisciplinary teaching methods. It delves into the benefits and challenges associated with each approach, highlighting their potential impact on student comprehension, critical thinking, and overall academic performance.
Effect of interactions on the diffusive expansion of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a 3D random potential
Creators: name: Cherroret, N.
name: Skipetrov, S. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study the influence of weak interactions on the diffusive expansion of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a three-dimensional random potential. For this purpose we develop a perturbative approach and calculate analytically the first-order nonlinear correction to the ensemble-averaged atomic density as a function of position and time. We find that interactions renormalize the typical diffusion coefficient of the condensate. The magnitude of the nonlinear correction is controlled by a single dimensionless parameter that includes both interaction and disorder strengths.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Orthogonality of Hermite polynomials in superspace and Mehler type formulae
Creators: name: Coulembier, Kevin
name: De Bie, Hendrik
name: Sommen, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 33C45, 58C50, 42B10

description: In this paper, Hermite polynomials related to quantum systems with orthogonal O(m)-symmetry, finite reflection group symmetry G < O(m), symplectic symmetry Sp(2n) and superspace symmetry O(m) x Sp(2n) are considered. After an overview of the results for O(m) and G, the orthogonality of the Hermite polynomials related to Sp(2n) is obtained with respect to the Berezin integral. As a consequence, an extension of the Mehler formula for the classical Hermite polynomials to Grassmann algebras is proven. Next, Hermite polynomials in a full superspace with O(m) x Sp(2n) symmetry are considered. It is shown that they are not orthogonal with respect to the canonically defined inner product. However, a new inner product is introduced which behaves correctly with respect to the structure of harmonic polynomials on superspace. This inner product allows to restore the orthogonality of the Hermite polynomials and also restores the hermiticity of a class of Schroedinger operators in superspace. Subsequently, a Mehler formula for the full superspace is obtained, thus yielding an eigenfunction decomposition of the super Fourier transform. Finally, an extensive comparison is made of the results in the different types of symmetry.
description: Proc. London Math. Soc. (2011) (42pp)
Cluster structures and superdeformation in $^{28}$Si
Creators: name: Taniguchi, Yasutaka
name: Kanada-En'yo, Yoshiko
name: Kimura, Masaaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied positive-parity states of $^{28}$Si using antisymmetrized molecular dynamics (AMD) and multi-configuration mixing (MCM) with constrained variation. Applying constraints to the cluster distance and the quadrupole deformation of the variational calculation, we have obtained basis wave functions that have various structures such as $α$-$^{24}$Mg and $^{12}$C-$^{16}$O cluster structures as well as deformed structures. Superposing those basis wave functions, we have obtained a oblate ground state band, a $β$ vibration band, a normal-deformed prolate band, and a superdeformed band. It is found that the normal-deformed and superdeformed bands contain large amounts of the $^{12}$C-$^{16}$O and $α$-$^{24}$Mg cluster components, respectively. The results also suggest the presence of two excited bands with the developed $α$-$^{24}$Mg cluster structure, where the inter-cluster motion and the $^{24}$Mg-cluster deformation play important roles.
description: 24 pages, 10 figures
Spin-charge coupling in quantum wires at zero magnetic field
Creators: name: Pereira, Rodrigo G.
name: Sela, Eran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss an approximation for the dynamic charge response of nonlinear spin-1/2 Luttinger liquids in the limit of small momentum. Besides accounting for the broadening of the charge peak due to two-holon excitations, the nonlinearity of the dispersion gives rise to a two-spinon peak, which at zero temperature has an asymmetric line shape. At finite temperature the spin peak is broadened by diffusion. As an application, we discuss the density and temperature dependence of the Coulomb drag resistivity due to long-wavelength scattering between quantum wires.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures. This is an extended version of "Coulomb drag from spin-charge coupling at zero magnetic field"
The orbit method solution for the deformed three coupled scalar fields
Creators: name: Sadeghi, J.
name: Amani, A. R.
name: Pourdarvish, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we present a deformed solutions starting from systems of three coupled scalar fields with super-potential $W(ϕ_1, ϕ_2, ϕ_3)$ by orbit method. First, we deform the corresponding super-potential and obtain defect solutions. It is shown that how to construct new models altogether with its defect solutions in terms of the non-deformed model. Therefore, we draw the graph of super-potential and different fields in terms of $x.$ So we observe that the graphs for deformed and non - deformed cases are changed by the scale.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Supplementary document for Construction of multiple anti-resonant guidance mechanisms in a hollow core fiber structure for simultaneous measurement of multiple parameters - 5921705.pdf
Creators: name: Liu, Dejun
name: Huang, Ziyi
name: Wu, Qiang
name: Tian, Ke
name: shen, changyu
name: Farrell, Gerald
name: Semenova, Yuliya
name: Wang, Pengfei
name: Yan, Long
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: Optical Fibre Communications

description: Supplemental material
Radiation pressure and absorption in AGN: results from a complete unbiased sample from Swift
Creators: name: Fabian, A. C.
name: Vasudevan, R. V.
name: Mushotzky, R. F.
name: Reynolds, L. M. Winter C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Outward radiation pressure can exceed the inward gravitational pull on gas clouds in the neighbourhood of a luminous Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN). This creates a forbidden region for long-lived dusty clouds in the observed columnn density - Eddington fraction plane. (The Eddington fraction lambda_Edd is the ratio of the bolometric luminosity of an AGN to the Eddington limit for its black hole mass.) The Swift/BAT catalogue is the most complete hard X-ray selected sample of AGN and has 97 low redshift AGN with measured column densities N_H and inferred black hole masses. Eddington fractions for the sources have been obtained using recent bolometric corrections and the sources have been plotted on the N_H - lambda_Edd plane. Only one source lies in the forbidden region and it has a large value of N_H due to an ionized warm absorber, for which radiation pressure is reduced. The effective Eddington limit for the source population indicates that the high column density clouds in the more luminous objects lie within the inner few pc, where the central black hole provides at least half the mass. Our result shows that radiation pressure does affect the presence of gas clouds in the inner galaxy bulge. We discuss briefly how the N_H - lambda_Edd plane may evolve to higher redshift, when feedback due to radiation pressure may have been strong.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, MNRAS in press
Acoustic characterization of absorbing materials using dynamic mode decomposition techniques
Creators: name: Carazo Barbero, Gonzalo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Complementary research related to the ROMSOC project and supervised by Andrés Prieto (UDC/ITMATI) and Ashwin Nayak (UDC/ITMATI/Microflown).
The formal definition of reference priors
Creators: name: Berger, James O.
name: Bernardo, José M.
name: Sun, Dongchu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62F15 (Primary) 62A01, 62B10 (Secondary)

description: Reference analysis produces objective Bayesian inference, in the sense that inferential statements depend only on the assumed model and the available data, and the prior distribution used to make an inference is least informative in a certain information-theoretic sense. Reference priors have been rigorously defined in specific contexts and heuristically defined in general, but a rigorous general definition has been lacking. We produce a rigorous general definition here and then show how an explicit expression for the reference prior can be obtained under very weak regularity conditions. The explicit expression can be used to derive new reference priors both analytically and numerically.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/07-AOS587 the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Colour-Music: Musical Modelling in James McNeill Whistler's Art
Creators: name: Teniswood-Harvey, Arabella
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023
Subjects: Art history

description: This study investigates the influence of Western music on Whistler’s artistic theory and practice. Drawing upon primary sources, it traces Whistler’s lifelong exposure to, and engagement with, music making, and considers the ways in which he translated his musical experiences into pictorial subject matter. Whistler’s use of musical nomenclature and analogy are then examined, within the context of both his personal musical experience and knowledge, and the wider nineteenth-century interest in the interrelations between the visual arts and music. The notions of musical autonomy, art-for-art’s sake and artistic correspondence; the influence of music on colour theory; and the discourse of enthusiasm surrounding Beethovenism and Wagnerism are deemed influential. The dissertation argues that music informed Whistler’s theory and practice in a highly significant manner. The study proposes that the model of pure or absolute music – its autonomy and operations – provided Whistler with a framework to explore, justify and communicate his interest in freestanding pictorial technique. In addition to providing a paradigm for the primacy of formal interest over subject matter, the actual language and experience of music informed Whistler’s pictorial practice. Whistler’s approach to subject matter, colour and composition were all influenced by his musical interest. Building upon the ideas of the American scholar Kermit S. Champa, the study employs and develops an interpretive framework to analyse and discuss Whistler’s use of ‘musical modelling’. This method of enquiry isolates the musical operations evident in Whistler’s art – pulse, rhythm, movement, pace, sequential structure, voicing, counterpoint, attack and decay, harmony, and tonality. Two detailed case studies demonstrate the validity of the musical model in interpreting Whistler’s work. The first proposes a strong link between Franz Schubert’s Moments musicaux, Op. 94, and Whistler’s Six Projects; while the second considers the correspondences between Whistler’s Nocturnes and their musical counterpart. Such analyses offer fresh readings of familiar yet enigmatic images. This dissertation discusses artworks from all the two-dimensional, pictorial media in which Whistler worked. The visual analysis focuses upon images with musical titles and/or subject matter. However, the study provides the groundwork for investigating the ways in which Whistler explored musical modelling in other works. Therefore, the interpretive model demonstrated in this dissertation has widespread application within the field of Whistler scholarship. Additionally, as an interdisciplinary study this project also contributes to the fields of art history, musicology, and Victorian studies, by documenting Whistler’s eclectic patronage of musical events and his friendships with significant figures.
A new route to Explosive Percolation
Creators: name: Manna, S. S.
name: Chatterjee, Arnab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The biased link occupation rule in the Achlioptas process (AP) discourages the large clusters to grow much ahead of others and encourages faster growth of clusters which lag behind. In this paper we propose a model where this tendency is sharply reflected in the Gamma distribution of the cluster sizes, unlike the power law distribution in AP. In this model single edges between pairs of clusters of sizes $s_i$ and $s_j$ are occupied with a probability $\propto (s_is_j)^α$. The parameter $α$ is continuously tunable over the entire real axis. Numerical studies indicate that for $α< α_c$ the transition is first order, $α_c=0$ for square lattice and $α_c=-1/2$ for random graphs. In the limits of $α= -\infty, +\infty$ this model coincides with models well established in the literature.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
The evolution and distribution of species body size
Creators: name: Clauset, Aaron
name: Erwin, Douglas H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The distribution of species body size within taxonomic groups exhibits a heavy right-tail extending over many orders of magnitude, where most species are significantly larger than the smallest species. We provide a simple model of cladogenetic diffusion over evolutionary time that omits explicit mechanisms for inter-specific competition and other microevolutionary processes yet fully explains the shape of this distribution. We estimate the model's parameters from fossil data and find that it robustly reproduces the distribution of 4002 mammal species from the late Quaternary. The observed fit suggests that the asymmetric distribution arises from a fundamental tradeoff between the short-term selective advantages (Cope's rule) and long-term selective risks of increased species body size, in the presence of a taxon-specific lower limit on body size.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures, 5 appendices, includes working Matlab simulation code
Second-order corrections to mean field evolution for weakly interacting Bosons. I
Creators: name: Grillakis, Manoussos G.
name: Machedon, Matei
name: Margetis, Dionisios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Inspired by the works of Rodnianski and Schlein and Wu, we derive a new nonlinear Schrödinger equation that describes a second-order correction to the usual tensor product (mean-field) approximation for the Hamiltonian evolution of a many-particle system in Bose-Einstein condensation. We show that our new equation, if it has solutions with appropriate smoothness and decay properties, implies a new Fock space estimate. We also show that for an interaction potential $v(x)= εχ(x) |x|^{-1}$, where $ε$ is sufficiently small and $χ\in C_0^{\infty}$, our program can be easily implemented locally in time. We leave global in time issues, more singular potentials and sophisticated estimates for a subsequent part (part II) of this paper.
Group averaging for de Sitter free fields in terms of hyperspherical functions
Creators: name: Varlamov, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the convergence of inner products of free fields over the homogeneous spaces of the de Sitter group and show that the convergence of inner products in the of $N$-particle states is defined by the asymptotic behavior of hypergeometric functions. We calculate the inner product for two-particle states on the four-dimensional hyperboloid in detail.
description: 10 pages