cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Supersymmetric isolated horizons in ADS spacetime
Creators: name: Booth, Ivan
name: Liko, Tomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss various physical aspects of nonextremal, extremal and supersymmetric black holes in asymptotically anti-de Sitter (ADS) spacetimes. Specifically, we discuss how the isolated horizon (IH) framework leads to an ambiguity-free description of rotating black holes in these spacetimes. We then apply this framework to investigate the properties of supersymmetric isolated horizons (SIHs) in four-dimensional N = 2 gauged supergravity. Among other results we find that they are necessarily extremal, that rotating SIHs must have non-trivial electromagnetic fields, and that non-rotating SIHs necessarily have constant curvature horizon cross sections and a magnetic (though not electric) charge.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure; v2: two references added; minor corrections; to appear in Physics Letters B
Vortex solitons in an off-resonant Raman medium
Creators: name: Gorbach, A. V.
name: Skryabin, D. V.
name: Harvey, C. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate existence and linear stability of coupled vortex solitons supported by cascaded four-wave mixing in a Raman active medium excited away from the resonance. We present a detailed analysis for the two- and three-component vortex solitons and demonstrate the formation of stable and unstable vortex solitons, and associated spatio-temporal helical beams, under the conditions of the simultaneous frequency and vortex comb generation.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. A
Divergent resistance at the Dirac point in graphene: Evidence for a transition in a high magnetic field
Creators: name: Checkelsky, Joseph G.
name: Li, Lu
name: Ong, N. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the behavior of the resistance of graphene at the $n=0$ Landau Level in an intense magnetic field $H$. Employing a low-dissipation technique (with power $P
description: 7 pages, 9 figures. Slight change in title, 1 new figure (9) and revised text
Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in trapped quasi-two-dimensional Fermi gas near a Feshbach resonance
Creators: name: Zhang, Wei
name: Lin, G. -D.
name: Duan, L. -M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the superfluid transition in a quasi-two-dimensional Fermi gas with a magnetic field tuning through a Feshbach resonance. Using an effective two-dimensional Hamiltonian with renormalized interaction between atoms and dressed molecules, we investigate the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition temperature by studying the phase fluctuation effect. We also take into account the trapping potential in the radial plane, and discuss the number and superfluid density distributions. These results can be compared to experimental outcomes for gases prepared in one-dimensional optical lattices.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Black holes in loop quantum gravity: the complete space-time
Creators: name: Gambini, Rodolfo
name: Pullin, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the quantization of the complete extension of the Schwarzschild space-time using spherically symmetric loop quantum gravity. We find an exact solution corresponding to the semi-classical theory. The singularity is eliminated but the space-time still contains a horizon. Although the solution is known partially numerically and therefore a proper global analysis is not possible, a global structure akin to a singularity-free Reissner--Nordström space-time including a Cauchy horizon is suggested.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Investigation of physical properties and electrochemical behavior of nitrogen-doped diamond-like carbon thin films
Creators: name: Rattanakorn Saensak
name: Napat Triroj
Publisher: name: Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen Univeristy
Year: 2014
Subjects: Diamond-like carbon (DLC), Radio frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (RF-PECVD), Nitrogen doping, Energy band gap, Electrochemical measurements

description: 1, 41, KKU Engineering Journal
Systematic Comparison of Jet Energy-Loss Schemes in a realistic hydrodynamic medium
Creators: name: Bass, Steffen A.
name: Gale, Charles
name: Majumder, Abhijit
name: Nonaka, Chiho
name: Qin, Guang-You
name: Renk, Thorsten
name: Ruppert, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a systematic comparison of three different jet energy-loss approaches. These include the Armesto-Salgado-Wiedemann scheme based on the approach of Baier-Dokshitzer-Mueller-Peigne-Schiff and Zakharov (BDMPS-Z/ASW), the Higher Twist approach (HT) and a scheme based on the approach of Arnold-Moore-Yaffe (AMY). In this comparison, an identical medium evolution will be utilized for all three approaches: not only does this entail the use of the same realistic three-dimensional relativistic fluid dynamics (RFD) simulation, but also includes the use of identical initial parton-distribution functions and final fragmentation functions. We are, thus, in a unique position, not only to isolate fundamental differences between the various approaches, but also to make rigorous calculations for different experimental measurements using "state of the art" components. All three approaches are reduced to a version which contains only one free tunable parameter, this is then related to the well known transport parameter $\hat{q}$. We find that the parameters of all three calculations can be adjusted to provide a good description of inclusive data on $R_{AA}$ versus transverse momentum. However, we do observe slight differences in their predictions for the centrality and azimuthal angular dependence of $R_{AA}$ vs. $p_T$. We also note that the value of the transport coefficient $\hat{q}$ in the three approaches to describe the data differs significantly.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures, revtex, minor changes in model nomenclature and references
Desarrollar la investigación desde la educación primaria
Creators: name: Guevara, Exequiel
name: Cisterna, Paulina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Esta Carta al Editor, reflexiona acerca de la investigación en la escuela, y como esta podría contribuir en las prácticas educativas de aquellos profesionales como el profesorado u otros profesionales de apoyo, como Psicólogos, Fonoaudiólogos, Terapeutas Ocupacionales, Psicopedagogos, Asistentes Sociales, entre otros. Sosteniendo que,  la manera de poder instaurar esta nueva modalidad sea implementando centros piloto o compartiendo ciertas experiencias exitosas que puedan servir de aliciente para poder lograr este objetivo, descentralizando de esta manera el desarrollo de procesos investigativos.
title: Hoarding Lifesaving Knowledge While Millions Die
title: The Political Economy of Global Covid-19 Vaccine Apartheid
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Stancil, Kenneth
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 5.7
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography

description: Coronavirus vaccines saved millions of lives, but experts estimate that the suboptimal production and inequitable distribution of shots resulted in nearly 3 million preventable Covid-19 deaths in 2021 and 2022 as well as millions of indirect deaths during the pandemic. These avoidable fatalities are inseparable from the grotesquely unequal vaccination rates between rich and poor nations. Dose hoarding by high-income countries contributed to vaccine inequality, but the “vaccine apartheid” inflicted on low-income countries reflects an even more fundamental injustice: knowledge hoarding by profit-maximizing pharmaceutical corporations—aided and abetted by wealthy governments—which deprived generic manufacturers of the right to produce additional lifesaving jabs and led to artificial scarcity and needless suffering. The knowledge underlying Covid-19 vaccines stems from billions of dollars in public funding, but corporate-friendly intellectual property rules enabled Big Pharma to monopolize these technologies in what amounts to a lethal manifestation of “accumulation by dispossession.”
description: 2023 Kenneth Stancil
Threads, Ribbons, and Rings in the Radio Galaxy IC 4296
Creators: name: Condon, J. J.
name: Cotton, W. D.
name: White, S. V.
name: Legodi, S.
name: Goedhart, S.
name: McAlpine, K.
name: Ratcliffe, S. M.
name: Camilo, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nearby elliptical galaxy IC4296 has produced a large (510 kpc) low-luminosity radio source with typical FR I core/jet/lobe morphology. The unprecedented combination of brightness sensitivity, dynamic range, and angular resolution of a new 1.28 GHz MeerKAT continuum image reveals striking new morphological features which we call threads, ribbons, and rings. The threads are faint narrow emission features originating where helical Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities disrupt the main radio jets. The ribbons are smooth regions between the jets and the lobes, and they appear to be relics of jets powered by earlier activity that have since come into pressure equilibrium. Vortex rings in the outer portions of the lobes and their backflows indicate that the straight outer jets and ribbons are inclined by $i = 60 \pm 5^\circ$ from the line-of-sight, in agreement with photometric, geometric, and gas-dynamical estimates of inclination angles near the nucleus.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures ApJ accepted
Early spectroscopic identification of SN 2008D
Creators: name: Malesani, D.
name: Fynbo, J. P. U.
name: Hjorth, J.
name: Leloudas, G.
name: Sollerman, J.
name: Stritzinger, M. D.
name: Vreeswijk, P. M.
name: Watson, D. J.
name: Gorosabel, J.
name: Michałowski, M. J.
name: Thöne, C. C.
name: Augusteijn, T.
name: Bersier, D.
name: Jakobsson, P.
name: Jaunsen, A. O.
name: Ledoux, C.
name: Levan, A. J.
name: Milvang-Jensen, B.
name: Rol, E.
name: Tanvir, N. R.
name: Wiersema, K.
name: Xu, D.
name: Albert, L.
name: Bayliss, M.
name: Gall, C.
name: Grove, L. F.
name: Koester, B. P.
name: Leitet, E.
name: Pursimo, T.
name: Skillen, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SN 2008D was discovered while following up an unusually bright X-ray transient in the nearby spiral galaxy NGC 2770. We present early optical spectra (obtained 1.75 days after the X-ray transient) which allowed the first identification of the object as a supernova at redshift z = 0.007. These spectra were acquired during the initial declining phase of the light curve, likely produced in the stellar envelope cooling after shock breakout, and rarely observed. They exhibit a rather flat spectral energy distribution with broad undulations, and a strong, W-shaped feature with minima at 3980 and 4190 AA (rest frame). We also present extensive spectroscopy and photometry of the supernova during the subsequent photospheric phase. Unlike supernovae associated with gamma-ray bursts, SN 2008D displayed prominent He features and is therefore of Type Ib.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables; accepted for publication in ApJL; typos fixed after proofs
Dislocation structure and mobility in the layered semiconductor InSe: A first-principles study
Creators: name: Rudenko, A. N.
name: Katsnelson, M. I.
name: Gornostyrev, Yu. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structure and mobility of dislocations in the layered semiconductor InSe is studied within a multiscale approach based on generalized Peierls--Nabarro model with material-specific parametrization derived from first principles. The plasticity of InSe turns out to be attributed to peculiarities of the generalized stacking fault relief for the interlayer dislocation slips such as existence of the stacking fault with a very low energy and low energy barriers. Our results give a consistent microscopic explanation of recently observed [Science {\bf 369}, 542 (2020)] exceptional plasticity of InSe.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Buckling Thin Disks and Ribbons with Non-Euclidean Metrics
Creators: name: Santangelo, Christian D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I consider the problem of a thin membrane on which a metric has been prescribed, for example by lithographically controlling the local swelling properties of a polymer thin film. While any amount of swelling can be accommodated locally, geometry prohibits the existence of a global strain-free configuration. To study this geometrical frustration, I introduce a perturbative approach. I compute the optimal shape of an annular, thin ribbon as a function of its width. The topological constraint of closing the ribbon determines a relationship between the mean curvature and number of wrinkles that prevents a complete relaxation of the compression strain induced by swelling and buckles the ribbon out of the plane. These results are then applied to thin, buckled disks, where the expansion works surprisingly well. I identify a critical radius above which the disk in-plane strain cannot be relaxed completely.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures; lengthened to clarify previously confusing issues. To appear in EPL
L dwarfs in the Hyades
Creators: name: Hogan, E.
name: Jameson, R. F.
name: Casewell, S. L.
name: Osbourne, S. L.
name: Hambly, N. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a proper motion survey of the Hyades to search for brown dwarfs, based on UKIDSS and 2MASS data. This survey covers ~275 square degrees to depth of K~15 mag, equivalent to a mass of 0.05 solar masses assuming a cluster age of 625 Myr. The discovery of 12 L dwarf Hyades members is reported. These members are also brown dwarfs, with masses between 0.05 < M < 0.075 solar masses. A high proportion of these L dwarfs appear to be photometric binaries.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Toward the AdS/CFT Gravity Dual for High Energy Collisions. 3.Gravitationally Collapsing Shell and Quasiequilibrium
Creators: name: Lin, Shu
name: Shuryak, Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The equilibration of matter and onset of hydrodynamics can be understood in the AdS/CFT context as a gravitational collapse process, in which "collision debris" create a horizon. In this paper we consider the simplest geometry possible, a flat shell (or membrane) falling in the holographic direction toward the horizon. The metric is a combination of two well known solutions: thermal AdS above the shell and pure AdS below, while motion of the shell is given by the Israel junction condition. Furthermore, when the shell motion can be considered slow, we were able to solve for two-point functions of all boundary stress tensor and found that an observer on the boundary sees a very peculiar $quasiequilibrium$: while the average stress tensor $}$ contains the equilibrium plasma energy and pressure at all times, the spectral densities of the correlators(related with occupation probabilities of the modes) reveal additional oscillating terms absent in equilibrium. This is explained by the "echo" phenomenon, a partial return of the field coherence at certain "echo" times.
description: 29 pages, 7 figures
Integrated ab initio modelling of atomic order and magnetic anisotropy for rare-earth-free magnet design: effects of alloying additions in $\mathrm{L}1_0$ FeNi
Creators: name: Woodgate, Christopher D.
name: Lewis, Laura H.
name: Staunton, Julie B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe an integrated modelling approach to accelerate the search for novel, single-phase, multicomponent materials with high magnetocrystalline anisotropy (MCA). For a given system we predict the nature of atomic ordering, its dependence on the magnetic state, and then proceed to describe the consequent MCA, magnetisation, and magnetic critical temperature (Curie temperature). Crucially, within our modelling framework, the same ab initio description of the material's electronic structure determines all aspects. We demonstrate this holistic method by studying the effects of alloying additions in FeNi, examining systems with the general stoichiometries Fe$_4$Ni$_3X$ and Fe$_3$Ni$_4X$, for additives including X= Pt, Pd, Al, and Co. The atomic ordering behaviour predicted on adding these elements, fundamental for determining a material's MCA, is rich and varied. Equiatomic FeNi has been reported to require ferromagnetic order to establish the tetragonal L10 order suited for significant MCA. Our results show that when alloying additions are included in this material, annealing in an applied magnetic field and/or below a material's Curie temperature may also promote tetragonal order, along with an appreciable effect on the predicted hard magnetic properties.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures, 6 tables
A Confirmation of the Strong Clustering of Distant Red Galaxies at 2 < z <3
Creators: name: Quadri, Ryan F.
name: Williams, Rik J.
name: Lee, Kyoung-Soo
name: Franx, Marijn
name: van Dokkum, Pieter
name: Brammer, Gabriel B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent studies have shown that distant red galaxies (DRGs), which dominate the high-mass end of the galaxy population at z~2.5, are more strongly clustered than the population of blue star-forming galaxies at similar redshifts. However these studies have been severely hampered by the small sizes of fields having deep near-infrared imaging. Here we use the large UKIDSS Ultra Deep Survey to study the clustering of DRGs. The size and depth of this survey allows for an unprecedented measurement of the angular clustering of DRGs at 2
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Applications of Earth-to-Air Heat Exchangers: A Holistic Review
Creators: name: Mihalakakou, Giouli
name: Souliotis, Manolis
name: Papadaki, Maria
name: Halkos, George
name: Paravantis, John
name: Makridis, Sofoklis
name: Papaefthimiou, Spiros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The building sector is responsible for 40% of primary energy consumption, with heating/cooling covering the most significant portion. Thus, passive heating/cooling applications have gained significant ground during the last three decades, with many research activities on the subject. Among passive cooling/heating applications, ground cooling (especially earth-to-air heat exchangers) has been highlighted as a remarkably attractive technological research subjects because of its significant contribution to the reduction of heating/cooling energy loads; the improvement of indoor thermal comfort conditions; and the amelioration of the urban environment. This paper presents a holistic review of state-of-the-art research, methodologies, and technologies of earth-to-air heat exchangers that help achieve energy conservation and thermal comfort in the built environment. The review covers the critical subject of the thermal performance of earth-to-air heat exchanger systems; experimental studies and applications; parametric studies for investigating the impact of their main characteristics on thermal efficiency; and recent advances and trends including hybrid technologies and systems. The models describing the thermal performance of earth-to-air heat exchangers systems were classified in numerical, analytical, and data-driven; their main theoretical principles were presented; and experimental validation was mentioned when carried out. System parameters were grouped into three categories: system design, soil types, and soil surface coverage. System design parameters, especially length and burial depth, bore the most important influence on the thermal efficiency of the system. The paper was rounded up with an economic assessment of system application, and the conclusions highlighted the need for more experimental work including laboratory simulators.
description: Earth-to-Air Heat Exchangers; Numerical, Analytical and Parametric Studies of EAHE Systems; Experimental Studies; Hybrid EAHE Systems; Economic Assessment
Moduli spaces of Chern-Simons quiver gauge theories and AdS_4/CFT_3
Creators: name: Martelli, Dario
name: Sparks, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the classical moduli spaces of supersymmetric vacua of 3d N=2 Chern-Simons quiver gauge theories. We show quite generally that the moduli space of the 3d theory always contains a baryonic branch of a parent 4d N=1 quiver gauge theory, where the 4d baryonic branch is determined by the vector of 3d Chern-Simons levels. In particular, starting with a 4d quiver theory dual to a 3-fold singularity, for certain general choices of Chern-Simons levels this branch of the moduli space of the corresponding 3d theory is a 4-fold singularity. Our results lead to a simple general method, using existing 4d techniques, for constructing candidate 3d N=2 superconformal Chern-Simons quivers with AdS_4 gravity duals. As simple, but non-trivial, examples, we identify a family of Chern-Simons quiver gauge theories which are candidate AdS_4/CFT_3 duals to an infinite class of toric Sasaki-Einstein seven-manifolds with explicit metrics.
description: 26 pages, 1 figure; v2: new section added, discussing explicit examples; v3: minor changes
Testing the foundations of quantum physics in space Interferometric and non-interferometric tests with Large Particles
Creators: name: Gasbarri, Giulio
name: Belenchia, Alessio
name: Carlesso, Matteo
name: Donadi, Sandro
name: Bassi, Angelo
name: Kaltenbaek, Rainer
name: Paternostro, Mauro
name: Ulbricht, Hendrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum technologies are opening novel avenues for applied and fundamental science at an impressive pace. In this perspective article, we focus on the promises coming from the combination of quantum technologies and space science to test the very foundations of quantum physics and, possibly, new physics. In particular, we survey the field of mesoscopic superpositions of nanoparticles and the potential of interferometric and non-interferometric experiments in space for the investigation of the superposition principle of quantum mechanics and the quantum-to-classical transition. We delve into the possibilities offered by the state-of-the-art of nanoparticle physics projected in the space environment and discuss the numerous challenges, and the corresponding potential advancements, that the space environment presents. In doing this, we also offer an ab-initio estimate of the potential of space-based interferometry with some of the largest systems ever considered and show that there is room for tests of quantum mechanics at an unprecedented level of detail.
description: 12+5 pages, 7+2 figures
¹²CO observations of the molecular cloud encompassing Sharpless 222 (LK Hα101)
Creators: name: Christie, Richard Allan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The 4.57 meter millimetre wave telescope at the University of British Columbia has been used to partially map a region around Lk Hα101 one half degree in diameter centered on α(1950) = 04H26M34s.0 (right ascension), Ϭ (1950) = 35°13'00" (declination) in the J=1—0 transition of ¹²C¹⁶O. Our ¹²CO results show a wide region of ¹²CO emission, but the exact boundaries are as yet undetermined. The north and west boundaries have been determined. We suspect the emission extends as far as a visual extinction of 1 magnitude which covers a region almost one degree across and several degrees long. The average radiation temperature, T*A , is 10 K. Within our survey field we found a large fragmented area with five hot spots (20 K). Since ¹³CO observations were not made ¹³CO data was generated from the ¹²CO observations. Both the ¹²CO and ¹³CO temperature contours have five hot spots within a single envelope of colder CO emission located southeast of Lk Hα101. Three CO clouds (#1, #2, and #3) are resolved at Lk Hα101 (7.2,-10.8), Lk Hα(101 (0.0,-10.8), and LkHα101 (7.2,-5.4). Their masses were calculated from the generated 13CO column densities and are 49M, 41M, and 25M respectively. Two other clouds (#4 and #5) on the limit of resolution are located at Lk Hα101 (3.6,-5.4) and Lk Hα101 (0.0,-1.8) and have masses of 11M0 and 25M0. Each of these fragments is embedded in the same 13 K ¹²CO contour centered on Lk Hα101 (3.6,-7.2). The mass is calculated from the fabricated ¹³CO data and should not be relied upon very strongly. It is in error by at most a factor of two. Peak HI emission contours (Dewdney and Roger 1981) are anticorrelated to our peak CO contours. The HI lies to the northwest. This indicates that the peak CO and HI features are located in different regions. The peak HI column densities derived from both the fabricated ¹²CO data and HI observations agree. They are ~1.3 x 10²¹ atoms cm⁻². From star counts we made of the region we see that the stronger CO emission correlates with regions of stronger visual extinction. The peak HI occurs where the extinction is low. The exciting star has presumably been able to dissociate H2 into HI to the northwest where the visual extinction is lower. Dewdney and Roger (1981) have modelled this asymmetry reasonably well by assuming there is a steep discontinuity of density near Lk Hα101 to the east. The positions of infrared stars from the Steward Observatory Near Infrared Photographic Sky Survey provide meager evidence for the 'Blister' model (Israel 1977, Gilmore 1978) and suggest that star formation was initiated on the edge of the cloud and proceeded inwards. Our CO hot spots could well be the next generation of infrared stars. Confirmation will require a more complete map with better resolution of the region around Lk Hα101 (3.6,-7.2).
How quantum is the big bang?
Creators: name: Bojowald, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When quantum gravity is used to discuss the big bang singularity, the most important, though rarely addressed, question is what role genuine quantum degrees of freedom play. Here, complete effective equations are derived for isotropic models with an interacting scalar to all orders in the expansions involved. The resulting coupling terms show that quantum fluctuations do not affect the bounce much. Quantum correlations, however, do have an important role and could even eliminate the bounce. How quantum gravity regularizes the big bang depends crucially on properties of the quantum state.
description: 4 pages
Electronic Griffiths phase of the d=2 Mott transition
Creators: name: Andrade, E. C.
name: Miranda, E.
name: Dobrosavljevic, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effects of disorder within the T=0 Brinkman-Rice (BR) scenario for the Mott metal-insulator transition (MIT) in two dimensions (2d). For sufficiently weak disorder the transition retains the Mott character, as signaled by the vanishing of the local quasiparticles (QP) weights Z_{i} and strong disorder screening at criticality. In contrast to the behavior in high dimensions, here the local spatial fluctuations of QP parameters are strongly enhanced in the critical regime, with a distribution function P(Z) ~ Z^{α-1} and αtends to zero at the transition. This behavior indicates a robust emergence of an electronic Griffiths phase preceding the MIT, in a fashion surprisingly reminiscent of the "Infinite Randomness Fixed Point" scenario for disordered quantum magnets.
description: 4+ pages, 5 figures, final version to appear in Physical Review Letters
Percolation on Lieb lattices
Creators: name: Oliveira, W. S.
name: de Lima, J. Pimentel
name: Costa, Natanael C.
name: Santos, R. R. dos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study site- and bond-percolation on a class of lattices referred to as Lieb lattices. In two dimensions the Lieb lattice (LL) is also known as the decorated square lattice, or as the CuO$_2$ lattice; in three dimensions it can be generalized to a layered Lieb lattice (LLL) or to a perovskite lattice (PL). Emergent electronic phenomena, such as topological states and ferrimagnetism, have been predicted to occur in these systems, which may be realized in optical lattices as well as in solid state. Since the study of the interplay between quantum fluctuations and disorder in these systems requires the availability of accurate estimates of geometrical critical parameters, such as percolation thresholds and correlation length exponents, here we use Monte Carlo simulations to obtain these data for Lieb lattices when a site (or bond) is present with probability $p$. We have found that the thresholds satisfy a mean-field (Bethe lattice) trend, namely that the critical concentration, $p_c$, increases as the average coordination number decreases; our estimates for the correlation length exponent are in line with the expectation that there is no change in the universality class.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
COP Prediction of an ejector refrigeration cycle combined with a vapour compression cycle for automotive air conditioning
Creators: name: Suvarnakuta, Nat
name: Nutthanun Keerlatiyadatanapat
name: Thanarath Sriveerakul
Publisher: name: Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen Univeristy
Year: 2014
Subjects: Ejector, Combined ejector-vapour refrigeration system, Automotive air conditioning

description: 1, 41, KKU Engineering Journal
การสร้างลายพิมพ์ดีเอ็นเอของไส้เดือน เพอริโอนีกซ์ เอ็กซ์คาวาตัส ด้วยเทคนิคเอเอฟแอลพี (DNA Fingerprinting of Earthworm,  Perionyx  excavates, by Amplified Fragment
Length Polymorphisms (AFLP) Technique)
Creators: name: กีรติ ศิลปะ
Publisher: name: Genetics Society of Thailand
Year: 2013
Subjects: Perionyx excavates, DNA fingerprinting, amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP)

description: S1 (Special Issue 1), S.1, Thai Journal of Genetics
Hubble Space Telescope Spectroscopic Observations of the Narrow-Line Region in Nearby Low-Luminosity Active Galactic Nuclei
Creators: name: Walsh, Jonelle L.
name: Barth, Aaron J.
name: Ho, Luis C.
name: Filippenko, Alexei V.
name: Rix, Hans-Walter
name: Shields, Joseph C.
name: Sarzi, Marc
name: Sargent, Wallace L. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) We present STIS observations of 14 nearby low-luminosity active galactic nuclei, including 13 LINERs and 1 Seyfert, taken at multiple parallel slit positions centered on the galaxy nuclei and covering the H-alpha spectral region. For each galaxy, we measure the emission-line velocities, line widths, and strengths, to map out the inner narrow-line region structure. There is a wide diversity among the velocity fields: in a few galaxies the gas is clearly in disk-like rotation, while in other galaxies the gas kinematics appear chaotic or are dominated by radial flows with multiple velocity components. The [S II] line ratio indicates a radial stratification in gas density, with a sharp increase within the inner 10-20 pc, in the majority of the Type 1 objects. We examine how the [N II] 6583 line width varies as a function of aperture size over a range of spatial scales, extending from scales comparable to the black hole's sphere of influence to scales dominated by the host galaxy's bulge. For most galaxies in the sample, we find that the emission-line velocity dispersion is largest within the black hole's gravitational sphere of influence, and decreases with increasing aperture size toward values similar to the bulge stellar velocity dispersion measured within ground-based apertures. Future dynamical modeling in order to determine black hole masses for a few objects in this sample may be worthwhile, although disorganized motion will limit the accuracy of the mass measurements.
description: 35 pages, 10 figures. To appear in AJ
Quantum Efficiency and Oscillator Strength of InGaAs Quantum Dots for Single-Photon Sources emitting in the Telecommunication O-Band
Creators: name: Große, Jan
name: Mwrowinski, Pawel
name: Srocka, Nicole
name: Reitzenstein, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate experimental results based on time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy to determine the oscillator strength (OS) and the internal quantum efficiency (IQE) of InGaAs quantum dots (QDs). Using a strain-reducing layer (SRL) these QDs can be employed for the manufacturing of single-photon sources (SPS) emitting in the telecom O-Band. The OS and IQE are evaluated by determining the radiative and non-radiative decay rate under variation of the optical density of states at the position of the QD as proposed and applied in J. Johansen et al. Phys. Rev. B 77, 073303 (2008) for InGaAs QDs emitting at wavelengths below 1 $μ$m. For this purpose, we perform measurements on a QD sample for different thicknesses of the capping layer realized by a controlled wet-chemical etching process. From numeric modelling the radiative and nonradiative decay rates dependence on the capping layer thickness, we determine an OS of 24.6 $\pm$ 3.2 and a high IQE of about (85 $\pm$ 10)% for the long-wavelength InGaAs QDs.
Terrestrial planet formation by torque-driven convergent migration of planetary embryos
Creators: name: Brož, M.
name: Chrenko, O.
name: Nesvorný, D.
name: Dauphas, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive cores of the giant planets are thought to have formed in a gas disk by accretion of pebble-size particles whose accretional cross-section is enhanced by aerodynamic gas drag [1][2]. A commonly held view is that the terrestrial planet system formed later (30-200 Myr after the dispersal of the gas disk) by giant collisions of tens of roughly Mars-size protoplanets [3]. Here we propose, instead, that the terrestrial planets formed earlier by gas-driven convergent migration of protoplanets toward $\sim\!1\,{\rm au}$ (related ref. [4] invoked a different process to concentrate planetesimals). To investigate situations in which convergent migration occurs, we developed a radiation-hydrodynamic model with realistic opacities [5][6] to determine the thermal structure of the gas and pebble disks in the terrestrial planet zone. We find that protoplanets rapidly grow by mutual collisions and pebble accretion, and gain orbital eccentricities by gravitational scattering and the hot-trail effect [7][8]. The orbital structure of the terrestrial planet system is well reproduced in our simulations, including its tight mass concentration at 0.7-1 au and the small sizes of Mercury and Mars. The early-stage protosolar disk temperature exceeds 1500 K inside 0.4 au implying that Mercury grew in a highly reducing environment, next to the evaporation lines of iron and silicates, influencing Mercury's bulk composition [9]. In a late-stage cold gas disk, accretion of icy/hydrated pebbles would contribute to Earth's water budget.
description: original submission; final vers. is available at NA website
Alternation of Singlet and Triplet States in Carbon-Based Chain Molecules and Its Astrochemical Implications. Results of an Extensive Theoretical Study
Creators: name: Baldea, Ioan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A variety of homologous carbon chains (HCnH, HCnN, CnS, CnO, and OCnO) are found to exhibit an appealing even-odd effect. Chains containing a number of carbon atoms of a certain parity possess singlet ground states, while members of opposite parity have triplet ground states. From a general perspective, it is important that this even-odd effect confounds straightforward chemical intuition. Whether the most stable form is a triplet or a singlet is neither simply related to the fact that the species in question is a normal (closed-shell, nonradical) molecule nor a (di)radical or to the (e.g., cumulene-type) C-C bond succession across the chain. From a computational perspective, the present results are important also because they demonstrate that electron correlations in carbon-based chains are extremely strong. Whether the gold-standard CCSD(T) (coupled-cluster expansions with single and double excitations and triple excitations corrections) framework suffices to describe such strongly correlated systems remains an open question that calls for further clarification. Most importantly for astrochemistry, the present results may explain why certain members are not astronomically observed although larger members of the same homologous series are detected; the missing species are exactly those for which the present calculations predict triplet ground states.
description: The present posting includes important corrections of the values presented in the supporting information of the published paper
Finite Size Scaling of Classical Long-Ranged Ising Chains and the Criticality of Dissipative Quantum Impurity Models
Creators: name: Kirchner, Stefan
name: Si, Qimiao
name: Ingersent, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated in part by quantum criticality in dissipative Kondo systems, we revisit the finite-size scaling of a classical Ising chain with 1/r^{2-epsilon} interactions. For 1/2
description: 4 pages, 3 figures; published version
Intersecting Solitons, Amoeba and Tropical Geometry
Creators: name: Fujimori, Toshiaki
name: Nitta, Muneto
name: Ohta, Kazutoshi
name: Sakai, Norisuke
name: Yamazaki, Masahito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study generic intersection (or web) of vortices with instantons inside, which is a 1/4 BPS state in the Higgs phase of five-dimensional N=1 supersymmetric U(Nc) gauge theory on R_t \times (C^\ast)^2 \simeq R^{2,1} \times T^2 with Nf=Nc Higgs scalars in the fundamental representation. In the case of the Abelian-Higgs model (Nf=Nc=1), the intersecting vortex sheets can be beautifully understood in a mathematical framework of amoeba and tropical geometry, and we propose a dictionary relating solitons and gauge theory to amoeba and tropical geometry. A projective shape of vortex sheets is described by the amoeba. Vortex charge density is uniformly distributed among vortex sheets, and negative contribution to instanton charge density is understood as the complex Monge-Ampere measure with respect to a plurisubharmonic function on (C^\ast)^2. The Wilson loops in T^2 are related with derivatives of the Ronkin function. The general form of the Kahler potential and the asymptotic metric of the moduli space of a vortex loop are obtained as a by-product. Our discussion works generally in non-Abelian gauge theories, which suggests a non-Abelian generalization of the amoeba and tropical geometry.
description: 39 pages, 11 figures
The collimated propagation causes of astrophysical and laboratory jets
Creators: name: Kalashnikov, I.
name: Dodin, A.
name: Il'ichev, I.
name: Krauz, V.
name: Chechetkin, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The use of Z-pinch facilities makes it possible to carry out well-controlled and diagnosable laboratory experiments to study laboratory jets with scaling parameters close to those of the jets from young stars. This makes it possible to observe processes that are inaccessible to astronomical observations. Such experiments are carried out at the PF-3 facility ("plasma focus", Kurchatov Institute), in which the emitted plasma emission propagates along the drift chamber through the environment at a distance of one meter. The paper presents the results of experiments with helium, in which a successive release of two ejections was observed. An analysis of these results suggests that after the passage of the first supersonic ejection, a region with a low concentration is formed behind it, the so-called vacuum trace, due to which the subsequent ejection practically does not experience environmental resistance and propagates being collimated. The numerical modeling of the propagation of two ejections presented in the paper confirms this point of view. Using scaling laws and appropriate numerical simulations of astrophysical ejections, it is shown that this effect can also be significant for the jets of young stars.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Energy efficient distributed analytics at the edge of the network for IoT environments
Creators: name: Valerio, Lorenzo
name: Conti, Marco
name: Passarella, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Due to the pervasive diffusion of personal mobile and IoT devices, many "smart environments" (e.g., smart cities and smart factories) will be, generators of huge amounts of data. Currently, analysis of this data is typically achieved through centralised cloud-based services. However, according to many studies, this approach may present significant issues from the standpoint of data ownership, as well as wireless network capacity. In this paper, we exploit the fog computing paradigm to move computation close to where data is produced. We exploit a well-known distributed machine learning framework (Hypothesis Transfer Learning), and perform data analytics on mobile nodes passing by IoT devices, in addition to fog gateways at the edge of the network infrastructure. We analyse the performance of different configurations of the distributed learning framework, in terms of (i) accuracy obtained in the learning task and (ii) energy spent to send data between the involved nodes. Specifically, we consider reference wireless technologies for communication between the different types of nodes we consider, e.g. LTE, Nb-IoT, 802.15.4, 802.11, etc. Our results show that collecting data through the mobile nodes and executing the distributed analytics using short-range communication technologies, such as 802.15.4 and 802.11, allows to strongly reduce the energy consumption of the system up to $94\%$ with a loss in accuracy w.r.t. a centralised cloud solution up to $2\%$.
An Upper Bound on the State-Space Complexity of Brandubh
Creators: name: Compy, Kiernan
name: Evey, Alana
name: McCullough, Hunter
name: Allen, Lindsay
name: Crandall, Aaron S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Before chess came to Northern Europe there was Tafl, a family of asymmetric strategy board games associated strongly with the Vikings. The purpose of this paper is to study the combinatorial state-space complexity of an Irish variation of Tafl called Brandubh. Brandubh was chosen because of its asymmetric goals for the two players, but also its overall complexity well below that of chess, which should make it tractable for strong solving. Brandubh's rules and characteristics are used to gain an understanding of the overall state-space complexity of the game. State-spaces will consider valid piece positions, a generalized rule set, and accepted final state conditions. From these states the upper bound for the complexity of strongly solving Brandubh is derived. Great effort has been placed on thoroughly accounting for all potential states and excluding invalid ones for the game. Overall, the upper bound complexity for solving the game is around 10^14 states, between that of connect four and draughts (checkers).
description: 7 pages, 9 figures, Version 1.1 of article with correction on citation oversight of Galassi's prior work
Asymptotic densities of planar Lévy walks: a non-isotropic case
Creators: name: Bystrik, Yurii
name: Denisov, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lévy walks are a particular type of continuous-time random walks which results in a super-diffusive spreading of an initially localized packet. The original one-dimensional model has a simple schematization that is based on starting a new unidirectional motion event either in the positive or in the negative direction. We consider two-dimensional generalization of Lévy walks in the form of the so-called XY-model. It describes a particle moving with a constant velocity along one of the four basic directions and randomly switching between them when starting a new motion event. We address the ballistic regime and derive solutions for the asymptotic density profiles. The solutions have a form of first-order integrals which can be evaluated numerically. For specific values of parameters we derive an exact expression. The analytic results are in perfect agreement with the results of finite-time numerical samplings.
Langlands Functoriality Conjecture
Creators: name: Yang, Jae-Hyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F70, 11R39, 22E50, 22E55

description: Functoriality conjecture is one of the central subjects of the present-day mathematics. Functoriality is the profound problem formulated by Robert Langlands in the late 1960s in order to establish nonabelian class field theory. In this expository paper, we describe the Langlands-Shahidi method, the local and global Langlands conjectures and the converse theorems which are powerful tools for the establishment of functoriality of some important cases, and survey the interesting results related to functoriality conjecture.
description: 29 pages