cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
$a_{1}$ meson-nucleon coupling constant at finite temperature from the soft-wall AdS/QCD model
Creators: name: Mamedov, Shahin
name: Taghiyeva, Shahnaz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the temperature dependence of the $a_1$ meson-nucleon coupling constant in the framework of the soft-wall AdS/QCD model with thermal dilaton field. Profile functions for the axial-vector and fermion fields in the AdS-Schwarzschild metric are presented. It is constructed an interaction Lagrangian for the fermion-axial-vector-thermal dilaton fields system in the bulk of space-time. From this Lagrangian integral representation for the $g_{a_1NN}$ coupling constant is derived. The temperature dependence of this coupling constant is numerically analyzed.
description: 17 pages, match to published version
How to become a superhero
Creators: name: Gleiser, P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze a collaboration network based on the Marvel Universe comic books. First, we consider the system as a binary network, where two characters are connected if they appear in the same publication. The analysis of degree correlations reveals that, in contrast to most real social networks, the Marvel Universe presents a disassortative mixing on the degree. Then, we use a weight measure to study the system as a weighted network. This allows us to find and characterize well defined communities. Through the analysis of the community structure and the clustering as a function of the degree we show that the network presents a hierarchical structure. Finally, we comment on possible mechanisms responsible for the particular motifs observed.
Investigations of resonantly enhanced multiphoton ionizations of atomic mercury and potassium
Creators: name: Mah, Kelly Robert Lim
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Two investigations are reported on the application of resonantly enhanced multiphoton ionization (RMPI) to gaseous mixtures of an atomic vapor and a few Torr of argon. Photon fluxes large enough to ionize atoms by RMPI were produced by focussing down the light from a tunable pulsed dye laser. The irradiances generated were of the order of 500MWcm⁻². Ionization was detected by a voltage biased wire electrode that simply collected the photoelectrons either directly or after some gas multiplication. One investigation was the measurement of the dependence of RMPI processes in mercury on the polarization of the incident light for comparisons with theoretical calculations. The processes were four-photon resonant absorptions to either a ¹S₀ or ¹’³D₂ level followed by single photon ionization. Complete photoionization of all atoms excited to the resonant levels is established and the measured polarization dependences are found to agree with the calculated polarization dependence for the resonant excitation step of the RMPI process. Unexplained observations of the distortions in the polarization dependence of the ion yield and the absorption linewidth of the 6d ¹D₂ resonance are discussed. The second investigation was a study of the density dependent electric dipole forbidden two-photon resonant transition ²S → ²P in three-photon RMPI spectra of the Rydberg states of potassium. Stark interactions are shown to be unlikely and too weak. From the characteristics of the spectra, the excitation process is identified as a laser-assisted collision interaction.
Radiative jet energy loss in a three-dimensional hydrodynamical medium and high $p_T$ azimuthal asymmetry of $π_0$ suppression at mid and forward rapidity at RHIC
Creators: name: Qin, Guang-You
name: Ruppert, Jörg
name: Turbide, Simon
name: Gale, Charles
name: Nonaka, Chiho
name: Bass, Steffen A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nuclear modification factor $R_{AA}$ for $π_0$ production in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s}=200$ AGeV is calculated, and studied at high transverse momenta $p_T$. The soft thermalized nuclear medium is described within the framework of relativistic ideal three-dimensional hydrodynamics. The energy loss of partonic jets is evaluated in the context of gluon bremsstrahlung in the thermalized partonic matter. We provide a systematic analysis of the azimuthal asymmetry of $π_0$ suppression at high $p_T$ in central and non-central collisions, at mid and forward rapidity. The determination of $R_{AA}$ as a function of $p_T$, at different azimuthal angles, and different rapidities makes for a stringent test of our theoretical understanding of jet energy loss over a variety of in-medium path lengths, temperatures and initial partonic jet energies. This lays the groundwork for a precise tomography of the nuclear medium.
description: published version
Chandra, NuSTAR, and Optical Observations of the Cataclysmic Variables IGR J17528-2022 and IGR J20063+3641
Creators: name: Hare, Jeremy
name: Halpern, Jules P.
name: Tomsick, John A.
name: Thorstensen, John R.
name: Bodaghee, Arash
name: Clavel, Maica
name: Krivonos, Roman
name: Mori, Kaya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on Chandra, NuSTAR, and MDM observations of two INTEGRAL sources, namely IGR J17528-2022 and IGR J20063+3641. IGR J17528-2022 is an unidentified INTEGRAL source, while IGR J20063+3641 was recently identified as a magnetic cataclysmic variable (mCV) by Halpern et al. (2018). The Chandra observation of IGR J17528-2022 has allowed us to locate the optical counterpart to the source and to obtain its optical spectrum, which shows a strong H$α$ emission line. The optical spectrum and flickering observed in the optical time-series photometry in combination with the X-ray spectrum, which is well fit by an absorbed partially covered thermal bremsstrahlung model, suggests that this source is a strong mCV candidate. The X-ray observations of IGR J20063+3641 reveal a clear modulation with a period of 172.46$\pm0.01$ s, which we attribute to the white dwarf spin period. Additional MDM spectroscopy of the source has also allowed for a clear determination of the orbital period at 0.731$\pm0.015$ d. The X-ray spectrum of this source is also well fit by an absorbed partially covered thermal bremsstrahlung model. The X-ray spectrum, spin periodicity, and orbital periodicity allow this source to be further classified as an intermediate polar.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Stability of Neptune's distant resonances in the presence of Planet Nine
Creators: name: Clement, Matthew S.
name: Sheppard, Scott S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Trans-Neptunian Objects (TNOs) in the scattered disk with 50 < a < 100 au are thought to cluster near Neptune's n:1 resonances (e.g: 3:1, 4:1, and so on). While these objects spend lengthy periods of time at large heliocentric distances, if their perihelia remain less than around 40 au, their dynamical evolution is still largely coupled to Neptune's. Conversely, around a dozen extreme TNOs with a > 250 au and detached perihelia seem to exist in a regime where they are too distant to be affected by the giant planets, and too close for their dynamics to be governed by external forces. Recent work suggests that the apparent alignment of these orbits in physical space is a signature of gravitational shepherding by a distant massive planet. In this paper, we investigate the evolution of TNOs in each of Neptune's n:1 resonances between the 3:1 and 14:1. We conclude that both resonant and non-resonant objects beyond the 12:1 near ~157 au are removed rather efficiently via perturbations from the hypothetical Planet Nine. Additionally, we uncover a population of simulated TNOs with a < 100 au, 40 < q < 45 au and low inclinations that experience episodes of resonant interactions with both Neptune and Planet Nine. Finally, we simulate the evolution of observed objects with a > 100 au and identify several TNOs that are potentially locked in n:1 resonances with Neptune; including the most distant known resonant candidates 2014 JW80 and 2014 OS394 that appear to be in the 10:1 and 11:1 resonances, respectively. Our results suggest that the detection of similar remote objects might provide a useful constraint on hypotheses invoking the existence of additional distant planets.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures, 1 table, AJ in press, corrected minor typographical errors
Dynamical System Analysis of a Dirac-Born-Infeld Model : A Center Manifold Perspective
Creators: name: Pal, Subhajyoti
name: Chakraborty, Subenoy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present the cosmological dynamics of a perfect fluid and the Dark Energy (DE) component of the Universe, where our model of the dark energy is the string-theoritic Dirac-Born-Infeld (DBI) model. We assume that the potential of the scalar field and the warp factor of the warped throat region of the compact space in the extra dimension for the DBI model are both exponential in nature. In the background of spatially flat Friedman-Robertson-Walker-Lemaitre Universe, the Einstein field equations for the DBI dark energy reduce to a system of autonomous dynamical system. We then perform a dynamical system analysis for this system. Our analysis is motivated by the invariant manifold approach of the mathematical dynamics. In this method, it is possible to reach a definite conclusion even when the critical points of a dynamical system are non-hyperbolic in nature. Since we find the complete set of critical points for this system, the center manifold analysis ensures that our investigation of this model leaves no stone unturned. We find some interesting results such as that for some critical points there are situations where scaling solutions exist. Finally we present various topologically different phase planes and stability diagrams and discuss the corresponding cosmological scenario.
description: 43 pages, 12 figures
Support-type properties of convex functions of higher order and Hadamard-type inequalities
Creators: name: Wasowicz, Szymon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26A51 (Primary), 26D15, 41A55, 41A80 (Secondary)

description: It is well-known that every convex function admits an affine support at every interior point of a domain. Convex functions of higher order (precisely of an odd order) have a similar property: they are supported by the polynomials of degree no greater than the order of convexity. In this paper the attaching method is developed. It is applied to obtain the general result Theorem 2, from which the mentioned above support theorem and some related properties of convex functions of higher (both odd and even) order are derived. They are applied to obtain some known and new Hadamard-type inequalities between the quadrature operators and the integral approximated by them. It is also shown that the error bounds of quadrature rules follow by inequalities of this kind.
description: In the journal version of the paper an example given in Remark 4 was not correct. Here we give a proper one
Flow and critical velocity of an imbalanced Fermi gas through an optical potential
Creators: name: Tempere, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical lattices offer the possibility to investigate the superfluid properties of both Bose condensates and Fermionic superfluid gases. When a population imbalance is present in a Fermi mixture, this leads to frustration of the pairing, and the superfluid properties will be affected. In this contribution, the influence of imbalance on the flow of a Fermi superfluid through an optical lattice is investigated. The flow through the lattice is analysed by taking into account coupling between neighbouring layers of the optical lattice up to second order in the interlayer tunneling amplitude for single atoms. The critical velocity of flow through the lattice is shown to decrease monotonically to zero as the imbalance is increased to 100%. Closed-form analytical expressions are given for the tunneling contribution to the action and for the critical velocity as a function of the binding energy of pairs in the (quasi) two-dimensional Fermi superfluid and as a function of the imbalance.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure, contribution for the QFS 2007 conference
Quadratic Algebra Approach to an Exactly Solvable Position-Dependent Mass Schrödinger Equation in Two Dimensions
Creators: name: Quesne, Christiane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An exactly solvable position-dependent mass Schrödinger equation in two dimensions, depicting a particle moving in a semi-infinite layer, is re-examined in the light of recent theories describing superintegrable two-dimensional systems with integrals of motion that are quadratic functions of the momenta. To get the energy spectrum a quadratic algebra approach is used together with a realization in terms of deformed parafermionic oscillator operators. In this process, the importance of supplementing algebraic considerations with a proper treatment of boundary conditions for selecting physical wavefunctions is stressed. Some new results for matrix elements are derived. This example emphasizes the interest of a quadratic algebra approach to position-dependent mass Schrödinger equations.
description: Published in SIGMA (Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications) at http://www.emis.de/journals/SIGMA/
ПЕДАГОГІЧНІ УМОВИ ПІДГОТОВКИ МАЙБУТНІХ ВИКЛАДАЧІВ ВИЩИХ ЗАКЛАДІВ ОСВІТИ ДО РОБОТИ В КОМАНДІ
Creators: name: Лебідь О.В.
Publisher: name: Colloquium-journal
Year: 2020
Subjects: робота в команді
педагогічні умови
викладачі закладів вищої освіти
готовність до роботи в команді.

description: У статті представлено та обґрунтовано педагогічні умови підготовки майбутніх викладачів за-кладів вищої освіти до роботи в команді: наповнення навчальних програм дисциплін темами щодо теорії і практики організації роботи в команді, використання на заняттях технології кооперативного навчан-ня, розробка і реалізація програми позааудиторних заходів; спрямованих на підготовку майбутніх ви-кладачів закладів освіти до роботи в команді. Суть кожного з виявлених пояснюється умовами та ме-тодами впровадження у навчальний процес вищої школи.
A study of pre-validation
Creators: name: Höfling, Holger
name: Tibshirani, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Given a predictor of outcome derived from a high-dimensional dataset, pre-validation is a useful technique for comparing it to competing predictors on the same dataset. For microarray data, it allows one to compare a newly derived predictor for disease outcome to standard clinical predictors on the same dataset. We study pre-validation analytically to determine if the inferences drawn from it are valid. We show that while pre-validation generally works well, the straightforward "one degree of freedom" analytical test from pre-validation can be biased and we propose a permutation test to remedy this problem. In simulation studies, we show that the permutation test has the nominal level and achieves roughly the same power as the analytical test.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/07-AOAS152 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Current-Induced Motion of Narrow Domain Walls and Dissipation in Ferromagnetic Metals
Creators: name: Benakli, M.
name: Hohlfeld, J.
name: Rebei, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin transport equations in a non-homogeneous ferromagnet are derived in the limit where the sd exchange coupling between the electrons in the conduction band and those in the d band is dominant. It is shown that spin diffusion in ferromagnets assumes a tensor form. The diagonal terms are renormalized with respect to that in normal metals and enhances the dissipation in the magnetic system while the off-diagonal terms renormalize the precessional frequency of the conduction electrons and enhances the non-adiabatic spin torque. To demonstrate the new physics in our theory, we show that self-consistent solutions of the spin diffusion equations and the Landau-Lifshitz equations in the presence of a current lead to a an increase in the terminal velocity of a domain wall which becomes strongly dependent on its width. We also provide a simplified equation that predicts damping due to the conduction electrons.
The strong Novikov conjecture for low degree cohomology
Creators: name: Hanke, Bernhard
name: Schick, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that for each discrete group G, the rational assembly map K_*(BG) \otimes Q \to K_*(C*_{max} G) \otimes \Q is injective on classes dual to the subring generated by cohomology classes of degree at most 2 (identifying rational K-homology and homology via the Chern character). Our result implies homotopy invariance of higher signatures associated to these cohomology classes. This consequence was first established by Connes-Gromov-Moscovici and Mathai. Our approach is based on the construction of flat twisting bundles out of sequences of almost flat bundles as first described in our previous work. In contrast to the argument of Mathai, our approach is independent of (and indeed gives a new proof of) the result of Hilsum-Skandalis on the homotopy invariance of the index of the signature operator twisted with bundles of small curvature.
description: 11 pages
Bridging the Gap: Sequential Fine-Tuning for Improved Damage Detection in Sparse Data Scenarios
Creators: name: Mentesidis, Pantelis
name: Papaioannidis, Christos
name: Pitas, Ioannis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: fine-tuning
transfer learning
damage detection
convolution neural network
object detection

description: Damage detection is essential for the maintenance of infrastructure, yet it is often hindered by the scarcity of specialized data. To address this issue, we introduce a novel sequential fine-tuning strategy designed to enhance knowledge transfer within Deep Neural Networks(DNNs) and overcome data scarcity challenges. In this context, our strategy incorporates an intermediate step involving the use of a ‘bridge’ dataset, which substantially enhances the effectiveness of traditional fine-tuning methods. This approach facilitates better adaptation of the model to the target domain, leveraging the data to mediate the transfer of knowledge between the general and specific datasets. Our study investigates the influence of dataset characteristics on the efficacy of DNN knowledge transfer and highlights the critical importance of domain relevance in the selection of datasets. Extensive experimental evaluation on the benchmark pipeline detection dataset showcases that the proposed training method significantly enhances the state-of-the-art (SOTA) detectors for the damage detection task. We advocate for further research in sequential fine-tuning and its potential implications on model performance, emphasizing the need to explore this approach across different contexts and applications.
Additional file 1 of Comprehensive insight into endothelial progenitor cell-derived extracellular vesicles as a promising candidate for disease treatment
Creators: name: Chen, Ke
name: Li, Yang
name: Xu, Luwei
name: Qian, Yiguan
name: Liu, Ning
name: Zhou, Changcheng
name: Liu, Jingyu
name: Zhou, Liuhua
name: Xu, Zheng
name: Jia, Ruipeng
name: Ge, Yu-Zheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file1: Table S1. The beneficial effects of EPC-EVs on various diseases.
Semi-shifted hybrid inflation with B-L cosmic strings
Creators: name: Lazarides, George
name: Peddie, Iain N. R.
name: Vamvasakis, Achilleas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a new inflationary scenario which is realized within the extended supersymmetric Pati-Salam model which yields an acceptable b-quark mass for universal boundary conditions and mu>0 by modestly violating Yukawa unification and leads to new shifted, new smooth, or standard-smooth hybrid inflation. Inflation takes place along a "semi-shifted" classically flat direction on which the U(1)_{B-L} gauge group remains unbroken. After the end of inflation, U(1)_{B-L} breaks spontaneously and a network of local cosmic strings, which contribute a small amount to the curvature perturbation, is produced. We show that, in minimal supergravity, this "semi-shifted" inflationary scenario is compatible with a recent fit to data which uses field-theory simulations of a local string network. Taking into account the requirement of gauge unification, we find that, for spectral index n_s=1, the predicted fractional contribution f_{10} of strings to the temperature power spectrum at multipole l=10 is about 0.039. Also, for f_{10}=0.10, which is the best-fit value, we obtain that n_s is about 1.0254. Spectral indices lower than about 0.98 are excluded and blue spectra are slightly favored. Magnetic monopoles are not formed at the end of semi-shifted hybrid inflation.
description: 11 pages including 3 figures, uses Revtex, version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Delay-dependent and delay-independent stability of Cournot duopoly model with tax evasion and time-delay
Creators: name: Itzá-Ortiz, Benjamín A.
name: Villafuerte-Segura, Raúl
name: Alvarado-Santos, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34K20 (Primary) 34K18, 34K23 (Secondary)

description: In this paper a stability analysis for a Cournot duopoly model with tax evasion and time-delay in a continuous-time framework is presented. The mathematical model under consideration follows a gradient dynamics approach, is nonlinear and four-dimensional with state variables given by the production and declared revenue of each competitor. We prove that both the marginal cost rate and time delay play roles as bifurcation parameters. More precisely, if the marginal cost rate lies in certain closed interval then the equilibrium point is delay-independent stable, otherwise it is delay-dependent stable and a Hopf bifurcation necessarily occurs. Some numerical simulations are presented in order to confirm the proposed theoretical results and illustrate the effect of the bifurcation parameters on model stability.
description: 21 pages
Constraints on an Asymptotic Safety Scenario for the Wess-Zumino Model
Creators: name: Rosten, Oliver J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the nonrenormalization theorem and Pohlmeyer's theorem, it is proven that there cannot be an asymptotic safety scenario for the Wess-Zumino model unless there exists a non-trivial fixed point with (i) a negative anomalous dimension (ii) a relevant direction belonging to the Kaehler potential.
description: 2 pages; v2: published version - minor changes
“And all the windows, great and small”. Finestre in Nightwood di Djuna Barnes
Creators: name: Chiappini, Francesca
Publisher: name: Università degli  Studi di Milano
Year: 2015

description: As a recurring subject and powerful symbol, the window dominates the female literary and artistic imagery of the twentieth century. It has been developed into mirror, photograph or painting, according to the writer’s needs, yet the basic shape of the frame is always retraceable. Among late modernist and postmodernist women writers, Djuna Barnes explores in detail the structural resources of this literary device. Although she already understands the potential of the frame in her early career as a journalist, she mostly challenges its extents of versatility in Nightwood (1936). Its crucial moments – either flashing epiphanies or missed catharsis – involve the physical presence of a window, which embodies a powerful narrative agent; more than mere symbol, it is active at several levels. Thematically, doors and windows, pictures and mirrors, play an important cohesive role. At a deeper stage of analysis, the structure of the novel itself is shored up by doors and windows, since the setting is essentially organized into indoors and outdoors scenes; windows and doors allow the characters to move between these two dimensions. On the metaphorical level, windows and doors represent a communicative channel; a room-door opening suggests the access to one’s inner life, whereas a shut window denies any chance of dialogue. However, all the characters seem to be too absorbed by their obsessions to realize such communicative potential, and rather meander uselessly in their mental frames.
description: Altre Modernità, 2015: NUMERO SPECIALE Finestre: sguardi e riflessi, trasparenze e opacità
User Participation in Social Media: Digg Study
Creators: name: Lerman, Kristina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The social news aggregator Digg allows users to submit and moderate stories by voting on (digging) them. As is true of most social sites, user participation on Digg is non-uniformly distributed, with few users contributing a disproportionate fraction of content. We studied user participation on Digg, to see whether it is motivated by competition, fueled by user ranking, or social factors, such as community acceptance. For our study we collected activity data of the top users weekly over the course of a year. We computed the number of stories users submitted, dugg or commented on weekly. We report a spike in user activity in September 2006, followed by a gradual decline, which seems unaffected by the elimination of user ranking. The spike can be explained by a controversy that broke out at the beginning of September 2006. We believe that the lasting acrimony that this incident has created led to a decline of top user participation on Digg.
description: Workshops of 2007 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology (WI-IAT 07)
Measuring the Capacitance of Individual Semiconductor Nanowires for Carrier Mobility Assessment
Creators: name: Tu, Ryan
name: Zhang, Li
name: Nishi, Yoshio
name: Dai, Hongjie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Capacitance-voltage characteristics of individual germanium nanowire field effect transistors were directly measured and used to assess carrier mobility in nanowires for the first time; thereby removing uncertainties in calculated mobility due to device geometries, surface and interface states and gate dielectric constants and thicknesses. Direct experimental evidence showed that surround-gated nanowire transistors exhibit higher capacitance and better electrostatic gate control than top-gated devices, and are the most promising structure for future high performance nanoelectronics.
L’èkphrasis come finestra tra due mondi. Su Nell’occhio di chi guarda, a cura di C. Bertoni, M. Fusillo, G. Simonetti (Roma, Donzelli, 2014, 199 pp., ISBN 978-88-6843-069-6) (pp. 449-452)
Creators: name: Tajani, Ornella
Publisher: name: Università degli  Studi di Milano
Year: 2015

description: L’èkphrasis come finestra tra due mondi. Su Nell’occhio di chi guarda, a cura di C. Bertoni, M. Fusillo, G. Simonetti (Roma, Donzelli, 2014, 199 pp., ISBN 978-88-6843-069-6) (pp. 449-452)
description: Altre Modernità, 2015: NUMERO SPECIALE Finestre: sguardi e riflessi, trasparenze e opacità
Aging Effects Across the Metal-Insulator Transition in Two Dimensions
Creators: name: Jaroszynski, J.
name: Popovic, Dragana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aging effects in the relaxations of conductivity of a two-dimensional electron system in Si have been studied as a function of carrier density. They reveal an abrupt change in the nature of the glassy phase at the metal-insulator transition (MIT): (a) while full aging is observed in the insulating regime, there are significant departures from full aging on the metallic side of the MIT, before the glassy phase disappears completely at a higher density $n_g$; (b) the amplitude of the relaxations peaks just below the MIT, and it is strongly suppressed in the insulating phase. Other aspects of aging, including large non-Gaussian noise and similarities to spin glasses, also have been discussed.
description: 4+ pages, 5 figures; minor changes, accepted for publication in PRL
Pressureless stationary solutions in a Newton-Yukawa gravity model
Creators: name: Ferreira, T. D.
name: Novo, J.
name: Silva, N. A.
name: Guerreiro, A.
name: Bertolami, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-minimally coupled curvature-matter gravity models are an interesting alternative to the Theory of General Relativity and to address the dark energy and dark matter cosmological problems. These models have complex field equations that prevent a full analytical study. Nonetheless, in a particular limit, the behavior of a matter distribution can, in these models, be described by a Schrödinger-Newton system. In nonlinear optics, the Schrödinger-Newton system can be used to tackle a wide variety of relevant situations and several numerical tools have been developed for this purpose. Interestingly, these methods can be adapted to study General Relativity problems as well as its extensions. In this work, we report the use of these numerical tools to study a particular non-minimal coupling model that introduces two new potentials, an attractive Yukawa potential and a repulsive potential proportional to the energy density. Using the imaginary-time propagation method we have shown that stationary solutions arise even at low energy density regimes.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
Phase variance of squeezed vacuum states
Creators: name: Bagan, Emilio
name: Monras, Alex
name: Munoz-Tapia, Ramon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the problem of estimating the phase of squeezed vacuum states within a Bayesian framework. We derive bounds on the average Holevo variance for an arbitrary number $N$ of uncorrelated copies. We find that it scales with the mean photon number, $n$, as dictated by the Heisenberg limit, i.e., as $n^{-2}$, only for $N>4$. For $N\leq 4$ this fundamental scaling breaks down and it becomes $n^{-N/2}$. Thus, a single squeezed vacuum state performs worse than a single coherent state with the same energy. We find the optimal splitting of a fixed given energy among various copies. We also compute the variance for repeated individual measurements (without classical communication or adaptivity) and find that the standard Heisenberg-limited scaling $n^{-2}$ is recovered for large samples.
description: Minor changes, version to appear in PRA, 8 pages, 2 figures
Centrality dependence of charged hadron production in deuteron+gold and nucleon+gold collisions at sqrt(s_NN)=200 GeV
Creators: name: PHENIX Collaboration
name: Adler, S. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present transverse momentum (p_T) spectra of charged hadrons measured in deuteron-gold and nucleon-gold collisions at \sqrts = 200 GeV for four centrality classes. Nucleon-gold collisions were selected by tagging events in which a spectator nucleon was observed in one of two forward rapidity detectors. The spectra and yields were investigated as a function of the number of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions, ν, suffered by deuteron nucleons. A comparison of charged particle yields to those in p+p collisions show that the yield per nucleon-nucleon collision saturates with νfor high momentum particles. We also present the charged hadron to neutral pion ratios as a function of p_T.
description: 330 authors, 15 pages text, 16 figures, 3 tables. Submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett. v2 has minor changes to reflect revisions during review process. Plain text data tables for the points plotted in figures for this and previous PHENIX publications are (or will be) publicly available at http://www.phenix.bnl.gov/papers.html
Engineering strong chiral light-matter interactions in a waveguide-coupled nanocavity
Creators: name: Hallett, D.
name: Foster, A. P.
name: Whittaker, D. M.
name: Skolnick, M. S.
name: Wilson, L. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-dependent, directional light-matter interactions form the basis of chiral quantum networks. In the solid state, quantum emitters commonly possess circularly polarised optical transitions with spin-dependent handedness. We demonstrate numerically that spin-dependent chiral coupling can be realised by embedding such an emitter in a waveguide-coupled nanocavity, which supports two near-degenerate, orthogonally-polarised cavity modes. The chiral behaviour arises due to direction-dependent interference between the cavity modes upon coupling to two single-mode output waveguides. Notably, an experimentally realistic cavity design simultaneously supports near-unity chiral contrast, efficient ($β> 0.95$) waveguide coupling and enhanced light-matter interaction strength (Purcell factor $F_P > 70$). In combination, these parameters could enable the development of highly coherent spin-photon interfaces, ready for integration into nanophotonic circuits.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures
Un Resultat Gravimetrique pour la Renaissance de la Theorie Corpusculaire "An Experimental Gravimetric Result for the Revival of Corpuscular Theory"
Creators: name: Duval, Maurice
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gravitational phenomenon, founded on the assumption of absorption of a flux of gravitons through the matter, led to a law of attraction comprising a term of attenuation of gravity. The attenuation effect, which depends on the distribution of mass elements into the Sun, was compared with the relativistic effect for the orbital elements of planets. The calculations carried out with our modified law of Newton, lead to a perfect agreement for the advance of the perihelion of planets, and give an interaction cross section with the matter of 3.2x10^-17 m2/kg (approximately 10^-40 cm2/nucleon). The effect of attenuation during a solar eclipse will produce a local reduction in the soli-lunar attraction of 0.13 microgal. This small variation of gravity during the eclipse can lead to distortions of the geoid of about ten millimetres of which effect on gravity, estimated at a few microgals, is compatible with the observed gravitational anomalies. The gravimetric measurements taken in the area of Montreal during the Sun eclipse of May 10, 1994, show the existence of an anomaly of 2.4 microgals that coincides perfectly with the period of the eclipse.
description: 16 pages in French, annex 3 pages in English "For paper in English, see http://www.physicsessays.com/catalog.asp"
Search for ttbar resonances in the lepton plus jets final state in ppbar collisions at sqrt{s}=1.96TeV
Creators: name: D0 Collaboration
name: Abazov, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a search for a narrow-width heavy resonance decaying into top quark pairs X->ttbar in ppbar collisions at sqrt{s}=1.96TeV using approximately 0.9fb^-1 of data collected with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. This analysis considers ttbar candidate events in the lepton plus jets channel with at least one identified b jet and uses the ttbar invariant mass distribution to search for evidence of resonant production. We find no evidence for a narrow resonance X decaying to ttbar. Therefore, we set upper limits on sigma*B(X->ttbar) for different hypothesized resonance masses using a Bayesian approach. For a Topcolor-assisted technicolor model, the existence of a leptophobic Z' boson with mass M_Z'<700GeV and width Gamma_Z'=0.012 M_Z' can be excluded at the 95% C.L.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, submitted to PLB
Induced-charge Electrophoresis of Metallo-dielectric Particles
Creators: name: Gangwal, Sumit
name: Cayre, Olivier J.
name: Bazant, Martin Z.
name: Velev, Orlin D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The application of AC electric fields in aqueous suspensions of anisotropic particles leads to unbalanced liquid flows and nonlinear, induced-charge electrophoretic (ICEP) motion. We report experimental observations of the motion of "Janus" microparticles with one dielectric and one metal-coated hemisphere induced by uniform fields of frequency 100 Hz - 10 kHz in NaCl solutions. The motion is perpendicular to the field axis and persists after particles are attracted to a glass wall. This phenomenon may find applications in microactuators, microsensors, and microfluidic devices.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures; Supplementary Info: Last 2 pages, 2 figures
Simulations of the Boundary Layer Between a White Dwarf and its Accretion Disk
Creators: name: Balsara, Dinshaw S.
name: Fisker, Jacob Lund
name: Godon, Patrick
name: Sion, Edward M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a 2.5D time-dependent axisymmetric numerical code we recently developed, we solve the full compressible Navier-Stokes equations (including an alpha-viscosity prescription) to determine the structure of the boundary layer between the white dwarf and the accretion disk in non-magnetic cataclysmic varia ble systems. In this preliminary work, our numerical approach does not include radiation. In the energy equation, we either take the dissipation function (Phi) into account or we assumed that the energy is instantly radiated away (Phi). For a slowly rotating non magnetized accreting white dwarf, the accretion disk e xtends all the way to the stellar surface. There, the matter impacts and spread s towards the poles as new matter continuously piles up behind it. We carried out numerical simulations for different values of the alpha viscosity parameter (alpha), corresponding to different mass accretion rates. In the high viscosity cases (alpha=0.1), the spreading boundary layer sets off a gravity wave in the s urface matter. The accretion flow moves supersonically over the cusp making it s usceptible to the rapid development of gravity wave and/or Kelvin-Helmholtz shea ring instabilities. This BL is optically thick and extends more than 30 degrees to either side of the disk plane after only 3/4 of a Keplerian rotation period (19s). In the low viscosity cases (alpha=0.001), the spreading boundary layer does not set off gravity waves and it is optically thin.
description: final version, ApJ, in press
Local aging phenomena close to magnetic surfaces
Creators: name: Baumann, Florian
name: Pleimling, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Surface aging phenomena are discussed for semi-infinite systems prepared in a fully disordered initial state and then quenched to or below the critical point. Besides solving exactly the semi-infinite Ising model in the limit of large dimensions, we also present results of an extensive numerical study of the nonequilibrium dynamical behavior of the two-dimensional semi-infinite Ising model undergoing coarsening. The studied models reveal a simple aging behavior where some of the nonequilibrium surface exponents take on values that differ from their bulk counterparts. For the two-dimensional semi-infinite Ising model we find that the exponent $b_1$, that describes the scaling behavior of the surface autocorrelation, vanishes. These simulations also reveal the existence of strong finite-time corrections that to some extent mask the leading scaling behavior of the studied two-time quantities.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review B
Melanophryniscus macrogranulosus
Creators: name: Caorsi, Valentina
name: Bordignon, Debora Wolff
name: Márquez, Rafael
name: Martins, Márcio Borges-
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Amphibia
Anura
Bufonidae
Melanophryniscus
Melanophryniscus macrogranulosus

description: Melanophryniscus macrogranulosus
We recorded M. macrogranulosus in September 21 and 22 of 2013 in Morro da Gruta, type locality of the species, municipality of Dom Pedro de Alcântara (29°24’21.16”S, 49°51’1.48”W / 31m asl; distant 52Km from FLONA SFP) and in June 21 and September 22 of 2013 in Garapiá, Barra do Ouro (29°30’33”S, 50°14’45”W / 200m asl; distant 17Km from FLONA SFP and 39Km from Morro da Gruta), municipality of Maquiné (see Caorsi et al. 2014). This last locality was discovered many years after the description of both species (Escobar et al. 2004) and was only designated as M. macrogranulosus based on the locality where it was found and not due to any characteristic that differentiates it from M. cambaraensis.
The advertisement call of Melanophryniscus macrogranulosus from Garapiá is composed of two segments of total duration of 21.3 seconds (SD = 5.8) (Figure 3C). Part A is a series of 5–14.3 notes of one pulse (Mean = 6.5; SD = 4.23), each lasting on average 0.03 sec (SD = 0.04) and separated by long time intervals ranging from 0.31–0.53 seconds (Mean = 0.34; SD = 0.08). It is followed by part B, a long train of unmodulated pulses lasting from 10.3–23.5 sec (Mean= 18.6; SD = 4.9), emitted at a rate of 35.3 pulses per second (SD = 1.05), with short time intervals. The call presented a similar peak frequency in both segments being in average 2.4 kHz (SD = 0.3). The population from Morro da Gruta, which is the type locality, also shows a call composed of two segments A and B, with a total duration of 17.4 sec on average (SD = 1.9) (Figure 3D). Part A is also a series of notes (Mean = 4; SD = 1.5) composed of one pulse, each lasting on average 0.023 sec (SD = 0.09) and separated by long time intervals ranging from 0.28–0.53 seconds (Mean = 0.35; SD = 0.09). It is followed by part B, a long train of unmodulated pulses lasting from 13.3–16.4sec (Mean= 14.8; SD = 1.13), emitted at a rate of 34.9 pulses per second (SD = 1.63), with short time intervals. The call presented a similar peak frequency in both segments being on average 2.3 kHz (SD = 0.16). Values separated by population are shown in Table 1 and by species in Table 4.
description: Published as part of Caorsi, Valentina, Bordignon, Debora Wolff, Márquez, Rafael & Martins, Márcio Borges-, 2020, Advertisement call of two threatened red-bellied-toads Melanophryniscus cambaraensis and M. macrogranulosus (Anura: Bufonidae), from the Atlantic Rainforest, southern Brazil, pp. 206-220 in Zootaxa 4894 (2) on page 211, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4894.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/4315653
A High Speed, Post-Processing Free, Quantum Random Number Generator
Creators: name: Dynes, J. F.
name: Yuan, Z. L.
name: Sharpe, A. W.
name: Shields, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A quantum random number generator (QRNG) based on gated single photon detection of an InGaAs photodiode at GHz frequency is demonstrated. Owing to the extremely long coherence time of each photon, each photons' wavefuntion extends over many gating cycles of the photodiode. The collapse of the photon wavefunction on random gating cycles as well as photon random arrival time detection events are used to generate sequences of random bits at a rate of 4.01 megabits/s. Importantly, the random outputs are intrinsically bias-free and require no post-processing procedure to pass random number statistical tests, making this QRNG an extremely simple device.
L'invariance conforme et l'universalité au point critique des modèles bidimensionnels
Creators: name: Saint-Aubin, Yvan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Résumé. Des quelques articles publiés par Robert P. Langlands en physique mathématique, c'est celui publié dans le {\it Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society} sous le titre {\it Conformal invariance in two-dimensional percolation} qui a eu, à ce jour, le plus d'impact : les idées d'Oded Schramm ayant mené à l'équation de Loewner stochastique et les preuves de l'invariance conforme de modèles de physique statistique par Stanislav Smirnov ont été suscitées, au moins en partie, par cet article. Ce chapitre rappelle sommairement quelques idées de l'article original ainsi que celles issues des travaux de Schramm et Smirnov. Il est aussi l'occasion pour moi de décrire la naissance de ma collaboration avec Robert Langlands et d'exprimer ma profonde gratitude pour cette fantastique expérience scientifique et humaine. Abstract. Of all mathematical physics contributions by Robert P. Langlands, the paper {\it Conformal invariance in two-dimensional percolation} published in the {\it Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society} is the one that has had, up to now, the most significant impact: Oded Schramm's ideas leading to the stocastic Loewner equation and Stanislav Smirnov's proof in two dimensions were at least partially inspired by it. This chapter reviews briefly some ideas of the original paper and some of those by Schramm and Smirnov.
description: Except for an extended abstract in English, the text is in French