cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
NLO QCD procedure of the semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering data analysis with respect to the light quark polarized sea
Creators: name: Sissakian, A. N.
name: Shevchenko, O. Yu.
name: Ivanov, O. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering (SIDIS) process is considered. A theoretical procedure is proposed allowing the direct extraction from the SIDIS data of the first moments of the polarized valence distributions and of the first moment difference of the light sea quark polarized distributions in the next to leading QCD order. The validity of the procedure is confirmed by the respective simulations.
Agriculture and the new industrial revolution in Asia
Creators: name: Bautista, Romeo M.
name: DeRosa, Dean A.
name: Bautista, Romeo M.
name: DeRosa, Dean A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Industrialization
subject: Agricultural development
subject: Rural development -- Asia

description: This paper examines the role of agriculture and rural development, in general, in the most successful countries of Asia, termed, by the World Bank, the "East Asian Miracle." The basic hypothesis of the paper is that agricultural growth and rural development play a vital role in the sustained industrialized and economic growth of many Asian countries that are still heavily agricultural. The authors explore the hypothesis both conceptually and quantitatively and refer to certain key features of Asian-country experiences.
description: "September 1996." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 17-19). Published, in 1998, in Richard Hooley and Zainal-Abidin Mahani, eds. The new industrial revolution in Asian economies, Vol. 8, pp. 317-333.
From Health to Pathology: illuminating the Dark Corners of mTOR signaling Dysfunction
Creators: name: Shafique, Sehrish
name: Khaliq, Hafiz Muhammad Haseeb
name: Arshad, Adnan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 321101
subject: Cancer cell biology
classificationCode: 321102
subject: Cancer diagnosis
classificationCode: 321108
subject: Molecular targets
classificationCode: 310102
subject: Cell development, proliferation and death

description: The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a crucial signaling pathway that regulates various cellular processes, including cell growth, proliferation, metabolism, and autophagy. It plays a central role in integrating signals from various environmental cues, such as nutrient availability, energy status, and growth factors. mTOR pathway involves mTORC1 and mTORC2 playing distinct roles. Akt is a protein involved in cell survival and growth that is activated by mTORC2, whereas mTORC1 stimulates cell growth and glucose metabolism. The mTOR pathway is dysregulated in several diseases, including cancer, metabolic disorders, and neurodegenerative diseases. mTOR signaling is influenced by a number of proteins and pathways, including insulin-PI3K signaling, Rag GTPase, Sestrin2, SLC38A9, and CASTOR1. Moreover mTORC1 reacts to intracellular cues and external stressors that are detrimental to growth, including as DNA damage, low ATP, and hypoxia. Increased proteasome-dependent proteolysis and altered signaling pathways in cells can result from mTORC1 inhibition. Angiogenesis, proliferation, cell growth, bioenergetics, and metabolism are all impacted by the mTOR pathway. Keywords: mTOR pathway, Cell signaling mechanism, Cancer Pathology
Free-Field Approach to D-Branes in Gepner Models
Creators: name: Parkhomenko, S. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We represent free-field construction of boundary states in Gepner models basing on free-field realization of N=2 superconformal minimal models. Using this construction we consider the open string spectrum between the boundary states and show that it can be described in terms of Malikov, Schechtman, Vaintrob chiral de Rham complex of the Landau- Ginzburg orbifold. It allows to establish direct relation of the open string spectrum for boundary states in Gepner models to the open string spectrum for fractional branes in Landau-Ginzburg orbifolds. The example of $1^{3}$ model considered in details.
description: 30 pages, LaTeX, misprints corrected, references and comments added, discussion in sect.5 improved
Tiger or turtle?: exploring alternative futures for Egypt to 2020
Creators: name: Lofgren, Hans
name: Robinson, Sherman
name: Nygaard, David F.
name: Lofgren, Hans
name: Robinson, Sherman
name: Nygaard, David F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Equilibrium (Economics) -- Egypt
subject: Agriculture -- Economic aspects -- Egypt
subject: Water-supply
subject: Agricultural -- Egypt
subject: Computable general equilibrium (CGE)

description: A dynamic computable general equilibrium (CGE) model is used to explore alternative scenarios for 1990-2020 in areas critical for Egypt's economy -- productivity growth, investment, foreign trade, and water. The model is formulated as a mixed-complementarity problem, has a detailed treatment of agriculture, assumes competitive markets and determines efficient water allocation. A "Turtle" scenario extrapolates Egypt's recent poor productivity and low investment, while a "Tiger" scenario assumes East Asian performance. For the Turtle scenario, incomes are stagnant and a crisis emerges in the labor market. With rapid growth in export demand, investment and productivity, the "Tiger" scenario generates almost tripled per-capita incomes and full employment. Sensitivity analysis for the Tiger scenario suggests that growth in export demand is important, while tariff removal with no other policy changes has little effect. Increasing water scarcity hurts agriculture and labor absorption, but has little effect on overall growth.
description: Includes bibliographical references (p. 20-22). In association with the Economic Research Forum for the Arab Countries, Iran and Turkey. Published, in 1998, in Raed Safadi, ed. Opening doors to the world: a new trade agenda for the Middle East. pp. 167-197. (Chapter 5).
Template-based action recognition : classifying hockey players’ movement
Creators: name: Wu, Xiaojing
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Although action recognition is remarkably easy for people, it is a difficult task for computers. A moving camera that takes broadcast-quality videos makes this even more difficult. This research focuses on actions in medium field. That is, a typical figure has a resolution of dozens of pixels in each dimension. The system is demonstrated using videos of ice hockey sport. An approach that breaks the problem into three sub-problems is taken. Figures of hockey players are first tracked with a self-initializing tracker. The stabilization process then refines the rough estimates about scale and position of a figure given by the tracker. Taking the stabilized results given by the stabilization process, the action recognition system uses motion and pose features to classify actions. A new stabilization algorithm is developed. The method uses a mixture of templates to estimate the position and scale of a figure. It helps to alleviate some of the accuracy and consistency problems. The consistency of the template library is addressed with a procedure that iteratively selects templates to better fit the training data. Our method is shown to consistently outperform a typical approach that uses only the best match with a set of synthetic image sequences. The research makes novel use of image gradients. It decomposes image gradients into four non-negative components. The decomposed image gradients (DIGs) are used to characterize poses. Quantitative performance comparisons are made between methods that use motion and pose features. The experiments show clear evidence that, for the kind of data that this research is interested in, pose features are better than motion features in terms of classification accuracy. The pose features are also superior to the motion features in terms of computational efficiency.
Al-Qabisi’s Thoughts on Islamic Education Curriculum and Philosophy (Falsafah dan Kurikulum Pendidikan Islam Menurut Pandangan Tokoh Ilmuwan Islam: Imam al-Qabisi)
Creators: name: Nawi, Muhammad Zulazizi Mohd
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 220403 Islamic Studies
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion

description: The Islamic scholar has contributed many thoughts on the discourse of Islamic education. Curriculum and philosophy, which is born from Islamic education scholars, is a major pillar of the curriculum and philosophy of Islamic education in this modern age. Imam al-Qabisi is a founder of Islamic education curriculum. Therefore, this study discusses al-Qabisi's educational curriculum based on his famous book “Al-risalah al-mufassalah lil-ahwal al-muta'allimin wa ahkam al-mu'alimin wa muta'alimin”. His thoughts based on the concept of children's education, educational goals, assessment practices, praise, fines, teaching methods, techniques and discussions about philosophy in Islamic education. This study used a methodology of the library approach. Using documentary methods with scientific writing such as books, journal, proceeding, encyclopedia, which is called document analysis that can help to finish this study. The findings show that the concept of al-Qabisi’s thought in Islamic education that there are two parts of the curriculum carried by Al-Qabisi which is the ijbari curriculum and ikhtiyari curriculum. This religious and moral education is essential to give well-being for society and nation
Cost of managing with less: cutting water subsidies and supplies in Egypt's agriculture
Creators: name: Lofgren, Hans
name: Lofgren, Hans
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Water -- Prices
subject: Water rights
subject: Water-supply
subject: Agricultural -- Egypt

description: Using a mathematical-programming agricultural-sector model of Egypt, this paper analyzes mechanisms for allocating scarce water and for charging the farmers the Operation and Management (O&M) costs of irrigation and drainage, currently covered by the government. The effects of cost recovery are negative but minor. A crop charge (based on crop water consumption per land unit) and a volumetric charge both discourage consumption. The former is easier to implement but does not stimulate water-saving technical change. A 15% cut in agricultural water supplies (permitting a 79% increase in non-agricultural use) raise farmer incomes and has moderate negative effects on consumer welfare and production; a 30% cut causes disproportionately larger negative effects, including large increases in the agricultural trade deficit. Efficient market-based allocations yield higher production and avoid unequal water access, associated with the inefficient alternative of forcing half the farmers to cut their use. However, water sales to farmers at prices reducing demand by 15-30% lead to 20-35% declines in farmer incomes. This suggests the need to explore reforms endowing the farmers with tradable water rights.
description: "Abbreviated title: Cost of managing with less." "April 3, 1996." "July 1995, revised April 1996"--Half title page. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 31-32).
The trade-wage debate in a model with nontraded goods : making room for labor economists in labor theory
Creators: name: Robinson, Sherman
name: Thierfelder, Karen
name: Robinson, Sherman
name: Thierfelder, Karen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: International trade
subject: Labor economics
subject: Equilibrium (Economics) -- Models
subject: Production economics

description: The Heckscher-Ohlin-Samuelson (HOS) model in international trade theory provides a powerful general-equilibrium paradigm for analyzing the impact of changes in trade on factor returns. In the HOS model, factor returns are determined solely by commodity prices, which are determined on large world markets. Changes in factor supplies affect the structure of production and trade, but not relative factor returns. In this framework, there is little room for labor economists who focus on partial-equilibrium analysis of supply and demand in factor markets. The authors extend the HOS model to include "nontraded" goods, distinguishing them theoretically from "nontradable" goods. The resulting 1-2-2-3 model applied to one country with two production activities using two factors of production but consuming a third imported good. We show that the HOS model is a special case of the 1-2-2-3 model when imports and domestic goods are perfect substitutes.
description: Cover title. "Revised March 1996"--Cover. Includes bibliographical references (p. 37-41).
A superconducting circuit realization of combinatorial gauge symmetry
Creators: name: Chamon, Claudio
name: Green, Dmitry
name: Kerman, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a superconducting quantum circuit based on a general symmetry principle -- combinatorial gauge symmetry -- designed to emulate topologically-ordered quantum liquids and serve as a foundation for the construction of topological qubits. The proposed circuit exhibits rich features: in the classical limit of large capacitances its ground state consists of two superimposed loop structures; one is a crystal of small loops containing disordered $U(1)$ degrees of freedom, and the other is a gas of loops of all sizes associated to $\mathbb{Z}_2$ topological order. We show that these classical results carry over to the quantum case, where phase fluctuations arise from the presence of finite capacitances, yielding ${\mathbb Z}_2$ quantum topological order. A key feature of the exact gauge symmetry is that amplitudes connecting different ${\mathbb Z}_2$ loop states arise from paths having zero classical energy cost. As a result, these amplitudes are controlled by dimensional confinement rather than tunneling through energy barriers. We argue that this effect may lead to larger energy gaps than previous proposals which are limited by such barriers, potentially making it more likely for a topological phase to be experimentally observable. Finally, we discuss how our superconducting circuit realization of combinatorial gauge symmetry can be implemented in practice.
description: Joined by new author. Added section on experimental realization. Added analytical results
Terahertz diagnostic systems based on frequency combs without moving parts
Creators: name: Bründermann, Erik
name: Morohashi, Isao
name: Nakajima, Shinya
name: Saito, Shingo
name: Sekine, Norihiko
name: Müller, Anke-Susanne
name: Hosako, Iwao
Publisher: name: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Year: 2020

description: We exploit information and communications tech-nologies to build a radio frequency-driven frequency comb spanning several hundred gigahertz. We investigated electro-optic modulators, which can serve as building blocks in frequency combs, terahertz generation and terahertz detection systems. These devices have high potential for applications in robust laser-based diagnostics at electron accelerators. During the last year, we have reduced the pulse length generated by a frequency-comb without moving parts by more than one order of magnitude to less than 150 fs, fitting a Lorentzian-type autocorrelation function.
Evidence for a rapid decrease in Pluto's atmospheric pressure revealed by a stellar occultation in 2019
Creators: name: Arimatsu, K
name: Hashimoto, G. L.
name: Kagitani, M.
name: Sakanoi, T.
name: Kasaba, Y.
name: Ohsawa, R.
name: Urakawa, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report observations of a stellar occultation by Pluto on 2019 July 17. A single-chord high-speed (time resolution $= 2\,$s) photometry dataset was obtained with a CMOS camera mounted on the Tohoku University 60 cm telescope (Haleakala, Hawaii). The occultation light curve is satisfactorily fitted to an existing Pluto's atmospheric model. We find the lowest pressure value at a reference radius of $r = 1215~{\rm km}$ among those reported after 2012, indicating a possible rapid (approximately $21^{+4}_{-5} \%$ of the previous value) pressure drop between 2016 (the latest reported estimate) and 2019. However, this drop is detected at a $2.4σ$ level only and still requires confirmation from future observations. If real, this trend is opposite to the monotonic increase of Pluto's atmospheric pressure reported by previous studies. The observed decrease trend is possibly caused by ongoing ${\rm N_2}$ condensation processes in the Sputnik Planitia glacier associated with an orbitally driven decline of solar insolation, as predicted by previous theoretical models. However, the observed amplitude of the pressure decrease is larger than the model predictions.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Macroeconomic adjustment and agricultural performance in Southern Africa: a quantitative overview
Creators: name: Bautista, Romeo M.
name: Bautista, Romeo M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Macroeconomics -- Models
subject: Economic development
subject: Agricultural development -- Africa
subject: Southern
subject: Malawi
subject: Tanzania
subject: Zimbabwe
subject: Zambia

description: This paper describes, in quantitative terms, the macroeconomic adjustments effectively implemented and accompanying agricultural and overall economic performance, particularly since 1980, in four low-income countries in Southern Africa, namely, Malawi, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Because the economic effects of macroeconomic adjustment have been confounded by the 1992 drought that caused an unprecedented disruption of agricultural production and trade in the region, a separate discussion of the post-1991 policy developments and economic performance in the four study countries is also given. Annual data published by the World Bank, IMF and FAO are used. Significant differences are found in the macroeconomic policy and agricultural performance indicators, which can be attributed to the differing nature and severity of the exogenous shocks (both internal and external) that buffeted the four economies during the period.
description: "February 1996." Includes bibliographical references (p. 29-30).
SPIRou: nIR velocimetry & spectropolarimetry at the CFHT
Creators: name: Donati, J. -F.
name: Kouach, D.
name: Moutou, C.
name: Doyon, R.
name: Delfosse, X.
name: Artigau, E.
name: Baratchart, S.
name: Lacombe, M.
name: Barrick, G.
name: Hebrard, G.
name: Bouchy, F.
name: Saddlemyer, L.
name: Pares, L.
name: Rabou, P.
name: Micheau, Y.
name: Dolon, F.
name: Reshetov, V.
name: Challita, Z.
name: Carmona, A.
name: Striebig, N.
name: Thibault, S.
name: Martioli, E.
name: Cook, N.
name: Fouque, P.
name: Vermeulen, T.
name: Wang, S. Y.
name: Arnold, L.
name: Pepe, F.
name: Boisse, I.
name: Figueira, P.
name: Bouvier, J.
name: Ray, T. P.
name: Feugeade, C.
name: Morin, J.
name: Alencar, S.
name: Hobson, M.
name: Castilho, B.
name: Udry, S.
name: Santos, N. C.
name: Hernandez, O.
name: Benedict, T.
name: Vallee, P.
name: Gallou, G.
name: Dupieux, M.
name: Larrieu, M.
name: Perruchot, S.
name: Sottile, R.
name: Moreau, F.
name: Usher, C.
name: Baril, M.
name: Wildi, F.
name: Chazelas, B.
name: Malo, L.
name: Bonfils, X.
name: Loop, D.
name: Kerley, D.
name: Wevers, I.
name: Dunn, J.
name: Pazder, J.
name: Macdonald, S.
name: Dubois, B.
name: Carrie, E.
name: Valentin, H.
name: Henault, F.
name: Yan, C. H.
name: Steinmetz, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents an overview of SPIRou, the new-generation near-infrared spectropolarimeter / precision velocimeter recently installed on the 3.6-m Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT). Starting from the two main science goals, namely the quest for planetary systems around nearby M dwarfs and the study of magnetized star / planet formation, we outline the instrument concept that was designed to efficiently address these forefront topics, and detail the in-lab and on-sky instrument performances measured throughout the intensive testing phase that SPIRou was submitted to before passing the final acceptance review in early 2019 and initiating science observations. With a central position among the newly started programmes, the SPIRou Legacy Survey (SLS) Large Programme was allocated 300 CFHT nights until at least mid 2022. We also briefly describe a few of the first results obtained in the various science topics that SPIRou started investigating, focusing in particular on planetary systems of nearby M dwarfs, transiting exoplanets and their atmospheres, magnetic fields of young stars, but also on alternate science goals like the atmospheres of M dwarfs and the Earth's atmosphere. We finally conclude on the essential role that SPIRou and the CFHT can play in coordination with forthcoming major facilities like the JWST, the ELTs, PLATO and ARIEL over the decade.
description: MNRAS, in press (20 pages, 18 figures, 1 table)
Macro and micro effects of subsidy cuts : a short-run CGE analysis for Egypt
Creators: name: Lofgren, Hans
name: Lofgren, Hans
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Equilibrium (Economics) -- Egypt
subject: Government spending policy
subject: Subsidies -- Government policy -- Egypt

description: Using a Computable General Equilibrium model for Egypt based on data for 1991/92, this paper analyzes the short-run impact of removing price-distorting subsidies for oil products sold domestically and for commodities covered by the consumer subsidy program. The model merges neoclassical and structuralist features. Two sets of simulations are conducted. The first involves raising the price of domestic oil products to international levels; the second simulates the impact of removing consumer subsidies. Each policy gives rise to an increase in government savings. The analysis is focused on imposing alternative macro closures in order to explore trade-offs between alternative uses for these savings: foreign debt repayment (adding to Egypt's net foreign assets), domestic investment, and government transfers to the households. The results indicate that both policies are contractionary, across all macro closures. The strongest fall in real GDP and other indicators resulted from paying back foreign debt. For the other two cases, the savings were used in a manner which simulated the domestic economy, with a trade-off between investing and improving current household conditions. On the micro level, the oil policy simulations showed a decline in domestic oil use by 6-8 percent (with an accompanying reduction in air pollution) and larger exports. For the consumer subsidy cut, the household consumption fall was relatively limited for food due to low income and price elasticities; most of the consumption cut affected other industrial goods and services. Sensitivity analysis suggested that one structuralist feature--mark-up pricing and excess capacity in much of the economy--had a strong impact on the results; when profit maximization and no excess capacity was assumed for most sectors, the changes in real GDP and other variables were much smaller.
description: "May 1995." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 34-36).. Published, under same title, in Research i Human Capital and Development, Vol. IIB. JAI Press, Inc. 1997. Pp. 419-440. Published, in 1997, under same title, in The Middle East Business and Economic Review 7(2) 18-39.
Global metamorphosis of covid19 to AIDS disease from the year 2022
Creators: name: LAZHAR BENALLAL
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: COVID19, coronavirus, unconventional, descriptive,new, nanotechnology

description: Between reality and fiction, the unexpected appearance of SARS-COV2 on a global scale raises several questions about its true origin and what perspective on its long-term evolution.
description: All new about SARS-COV2
Vaccination pattern affects immunological response
Creators: name: Etchegoin, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Quantitative Biology (q-bio.OT)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The response of the immune system to different vaccination patterns is studied with a simple model. It is argued that the history and characteristics of the pattern defines very different secondary immune responses in the case of infection. The memory function of the immune response can be set to work in very different modes depending on the pattern followed during immunizations. It is argued that the history and pattern of immunizations can be a decisive (and experimentally accessible) factor to tailor the effectiveness of a specific vaccine.
description: 4 pages, five figures
On the production economics of cattle
Creators: name: Mundlak, Yair
name: Huang, He
name: Favaro, Edgardo
name: Mundlak, Yair
name: Huang, He
name: Favaro, Edgardo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Livestock
subject: Technology
subject: Argentina
subject: Production economics
subject: Uruguay
subject: United States
subject: Beef industry -- Latin America

description: Two empirical regularities in the beef-cattle sector have been observed for a long time. First, the time-series for cattle stock exhibits strong cyclicity with a period of several years. Second, beef supply seems to be negatively related to price. The authors attempt to gain insight into the issue of technology's role in the dynamics of this sector. They analyze data for three countries with different technologies: Argentina, Uruguay and the United States.
description: "May 1995." Includes bibliographical references (p. 32-34).
Comparative analysis of squamate brains unveils multi-level variation in cerebellar architecture associated with locomotor specialization
Creators: name: Macrì, Simone
name: Savriama, Yoland
name: Khan, Imran
name: Di-Poï, Nicolas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 60201 Behavioural Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60303 Biological Adaptation
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 60309 Phylogeny and Comparative Analysis
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Vertebrate (fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals) brains look quite different despite being all constituted by the same 5 subdivisions. This macroscopic divergence is, not exclusively, but largely due to the different volume each of these subdivisions occupies relative to the whole-brain, as a result of behavioral and ecological evolutionary drivers. Traditionally, studies assessing the impact of specific animal behaviors on brain organization have mainly focused on volumetric and linear measurements of brain regions. We hypothesized that a crucial trait, deeply influencing an organism life like locomotion (fundamental for foraging, escaping predators, mating, etc.) could potentially trigger variations at multiple and deeper levels of brain biological organization independently of volume, ranging from morphology to cell distribution and gene activation patterns. We employed squamate reptiles (lizards and snakes) as models due to their extraordinary morphological features and the wide array of locomotor strategies they exhibit and integrated single-cell distribution and transcriptomic data along with geometric morphometric, phylogenetic, and volumetric analysis of high-definition 3D models. Our results reveal a strong locomotor signature in the cerebellum, a brain subdivision deeply involved in motor control, motor learning and online motor correction. The shape, cellular distribution of cortical neurons and gene activation profile of this brain subdivision all correlate with locomotor behavior independently of the phylogenetic relationship occurring between the species analyzed. Our study demonstrates, for the first time, the existence of specific brain patterns, involving multiple neuroanatomical features, in vertebrates adopting similar lifestyles.
Charge and spin dynamics of interacting Fermions in a one dimensional harmonic trap
Creators: name: Kecke, Lars
name: Grabert, Hermann
name: Häusler, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study an atomic Fermi gas interacting through repulsive contact forces in a one dimensional harmonic trap. Bethe-Ansatz solutions lead to an inhomogeneous Tomonaga-Luttinger model for the low energy excitations. The equations of motion for charge and spin density waves are analyzed both near the trap center and near the trap edges. While the center shows conventional spin-charge separation the edges cause a giant increase of the separation between these modes.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Joint Bayesian Variable and DAG Selection Consistency for High-dimensional Regression Models with Network-structured Covariates
Creators: name: Cao, Xuan
name: Lee, Kyoungjae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the joint sparse estimation of regression coefficients and the covariance matrix for covariates in a high-dimensional regression model, where the predictors are both relevant to a response variable of interest and functionally related to one another via a Gaussian directed acyclic graph (DAG) model. Gaussian DAG models introduce sparsity in the Cholesky factor of the inverse covariance matrix, and the sparsity pattern in turn corresponds to specific conditional independence assumptions on the underlying predictors. A variety of methods have been developed in recent years for Bayesian inference in identifying such network-structured predictors in regression setting, yet crucial sparsity selection properties for these models have not been thoroughly investigated. In this paper, we consider a hierarchical model with spike and slab priors on the regression coefficients and a flexible and general class of DAG-Wishart distributions with multiple shape parameters on the Cholesky factors of the inverse covariance matrix. Under mild regularity assumptions, we establish the joint selection consistency for both the variable and the underlying DAG of the covariates when the dimension of predictors is allowed to grow much larger than the sample size. We demonstrate that our method outperforms existing methods in selecting network-structured predictors in several simulation settings.
The impact of the Mexican crisis on trade, agriculture, and migration
Creators: name: Robinson, Sherman
name: Burfisher, Mary E.
name: Thierfelder, Karen
name: Robinson, Sherman
name: Burfisher, Mary E.
name: Thierfelder, Karen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Mexico
subject: Balance of trade
subject: Equilibrium (Economics) -- Econometric models
subject: Economic conditions

description: This paper uses a two-country, computable general equilibrium (CGE), trade model to analyze the impact on Mexico and the U.S. of the precipitous peso depreciation in late 1994 and early 1995, and of the policy response to the crisis. The model includes explicit treatment of agricultural policies in the two countries, and of labor-market linkages, including rural-urban migration within Mexico and Mexico-U.S. migration. We explore “hard,” “medium,” and “soft” landing scenarios, which differ in the extent of assumed unemployment and fall in capacity utilization, and in the nature of the structural adjustment program in Mexico. For each scenario, we consider a range of balance-of-trade adjustments, and resulting changes in the equilibrium real exchange rate. The results indicate that both countries benefit from Mexico achieving a soft landing. It is important to achieve a new equilibrium exchange rate quickly, and overshooting is costly for both countries. The hard landing leads to major disruption of the Mexican economy and greatly increased migration to the U.S., while a soft landing yields very little additional migration. The structural adjustment program is good for Mexican agriculture, shifting resources into high productivity tradables such as fruits and vegetables. A protectionist U.S. response to the increase in Mexican exports hinders the structural adjustment process and leads to increased Mexico-U.S. migration.
description: "September 1995." Includes bibliographical references (leaf 17).
Single Cancer Cell Detection by Near Infrared Microspectroscopy, Infrared Chemical Imaging and Fluorescence Microspectroscopy
Creators: name: Baianu, I. C.
name: Costescu, D.
name: Hofmann, N. E.
name: Korban, S. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Novel techniques are currently being developed and established for the accurate chemical analysis and detection of single cancer cells, single embryos and single seeds by Fourier Transform Near Infrared (FT-NIR) Microspectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), Fluorescence and High-Resolution NMR (HR-NMR). The first FT-NIR chemical images of biological systems approaching 1micron resolution are here reported. 400 and 500 MHz, H-1 NMR analyses were carried out that allowed the selection of mutagenized embryos. Detailed chemical analyses are being demonstrated to be also possible by FT-NIR Chemical Imaging/ Microspectroscopy of single cancer cells. FT-NIR Microspectroscopy and Chemical Imaging are also shown to be potentially important in Functional Genomics and Proteomics research through the rapid and accurate detection of high-content microarrays (HCMA). Multi-photon (MP), pulsed femtosecond laser NIR Fluorescence Excitation techniques were shown to be capable of Single Molecule Detection (SMD. Thus, MP NIR excitation for Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (FCS) allowed not only single molecule detection, but also molecular dynamics observations and high resolution, submicron imaging of sub-femtoliter volumes inside living cells with 0.25 micron spatial resolution, in both normal and cancer cells, as well as neoplastic tissues. These novel, ultra-sensitive and rapid FT-NIR/FCS analyses have, therefore, substantial potential for numerous applications in important research areas, such as: medicine, medical/cancer research, pharmacology, agricultural biotechnology, food safety, as well as clinical diagnosis of viral diseases and cancers.
description: 21 pages 5 figures
Alternative perturbation approaches in classical mechanics
Creators: name: Amore, Paolo
name: Raya, Alfredo
name: Fernandez, Francisco M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss two alternative methods, based on the Lindstedt--Poincaré technique, for the removal of secular terms from the equations of perturbation theory. We calculate the period of an anharmonic oscillator by means of both approaches and show that one of them is more accurate for all values of the coupling constant.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure
Balancing Reinforcement Learning Training Experiences in Interactive Information Retrieval
Creators: name: Chen, Limin
name: Tang, Zhiwen
name: Yang, Grace Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Interactive Information Retrieval (IIR) and Reinforcement Learning (RL) share many commonalities, including an agent who learns while interacts, a long-term and complex goal, and an algorithm that explores and adapts. To successfully apply RL methods to IIR, one challenge is to obtain sufficient relevance labels to train the RL agents, which are infamously known as sample inefficient. However, in a text corpus annotated for a given query, it is not the relevant documents but the irrelevant documents that predominate. This would cause very unbalanced training experiences for the agent and prevent it from learning any policy that is effective. Our paper addresses this issue by using domain randomization to synthesize more relevant documents for the training. Our experimental results on the Text REtrieval Conference (TREC) Dynamic Domain (DD) 2017 Track show that the proposed method is able to boost an RL agent's learning effectiveness by 22\% in dealing with unseen situations.
description: Accepted by SIGIR 2020
Quantum computing of delocalization in small-world networks
Creators: name: Giraud, O.
name: Georgeot, B.
name: Shepelyansky, D. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a quantum small-world network with disorder and show that the system exhibits a delocalization transition. A quantum algorithm is built up which simulates the evolution operator of the model in a polynomial number of gates for exponential number of vertices in the network. The total computational gain is shown to depend on the parameters of the network and a larger than quadratic speed-up can be reached. We also investigate the robustness of the algorithm in presence of imperfections.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, research done at http://www.quantware.ups-tlse.fr/
Probabilistic Constraint Nets : a formal framework for the modeling and verification of probabilistic hybrid systems
Creators: name: St-Aubin, Robert
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The development of autonomous agents, such as mobile robots or software agents has generated considerable research in recent years. Robotic systems, which are usually built from a mixture of continuous (analog) and discrete (digital) components, are often referred to as hybrid dynamical systems. The modeling and analysis of hybrid dynamical systems is becoming more and more important as such systems are now widely used to reason about complex physical systems. Ying Zhang and Alan Mackworth developed a semantic model for dynamical systems, called Constraint Nets (CN) [ZM95a]. CN introduces an abstraction and unitary framework to model hybrid systems. Furthermore, specification and verification methods were introduced for deterministic system. Traditional approaches to real-time hybrid systems usually define behaviors purely in terms of determinism or sometimes non-determinism. The CN framework was developed to model and verify deterministic systems, with the capability to model non-determinism. However, real-time dynamical systems very often behave unpredictably and thus exhibit (structured) uncertainty. It is therefore important to be able to model and analyze real-time probabilistic systems. Hence, a formal framework to model systems with unpredictable behaviors is essential. We extend the work previously done on Constraint Nets by developing a new framework that we call "Probabilistic Constraint Nets" (PCN). The PCN framework allows for the modeling and simulation of any dynamical system, whether it is deterministic, non-deterministic or probabilistic. We introduce formal syntax and semantics for the framework that ensure the correctness of the models. We also provide a graphical representation that simplifies the task of modeling complex systems. Moreover, we show that our framework is a generalization of many commonly used frameworks such as Markov processes and Markov Decision Processes (MDP). This allows the user to take advantage of a unified framework encompassing most popular modeling paradigms. We have also developed two specification languages (average-time timed V-automata and PATTL) along with verification algorithms that allow us specify some behavioural constraints on the system and enables us to proceed to on average and to probabilistic verification of these requirements. Finally, we also provide, for a subclass of PCN models algorithms for control synthesis. Moreover, we investigate the use of stochastic and robust control for handling the control synthesis task within PCN. With such control synthesis techniques, a designer can automatically construct an optimal controller for his system, hence greatly facilitating his task.
The 25th Anniversary of the Chernobyl Accident
Creators: name: Simmons, Phil
name: Simmons, Phil
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: The nuclear accident at the Chernobyl plant in 1986 is described and a summary of its immediate effects on people and the environment outlined. Then there is a summary of the important parts of the literature on diseases and deaths resulting from radiation and mortalities to date and the way mortality data became increasingly conservative over the years is discussed. Today, there is still uncertainty about future mortalities dues to long latency periods for many cancers however cancer deaths in Chernobyl affected regions are expected to be similar to non-Chernobyl controls. The major literature on environmental effects on wild species, forests, water and agricultural land are then reported with a brief discussion of remediation work and of current trends. Finally, contemporary perceptions of the Chernobyl accident are described in the context of popular anti-nuclear sentiment that prevailed in 1986, the immense publicity surrounding the accident and the natural tendency of people to exaggerate prospects of unlikely, yet extreme, events.
Enhancing Vocabulary, Motivation and Confidence Among Primary School Students Through Arabic Language Program (Meningkatkan Kosa Kata, Motivasi dan Keyakinan Dalam Kalangan Murid Sekolah Rendah Kebangsaan Melalui Program Bahasa Arab)
Creators: name: Nawi, Muhammad Zulazizi Mohd
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 220403 Islamic Studies
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion

description: This study examines the effect of Arabic language program in enhancing vocabulary, motivation and confidence of students before and after participating in the program. This action study was conducted by applying quantitative and qualitative design. The instruments used for data collection are observation and questionnaire forms. Questionnaire data were analyzed and presented in table form. A total of 47 pupils were chosen as participants in the "Love the Arabic Language" program held at one of the primary schools in Nilai, Negeri Sembilan Darul Khusus. However, only 30 respondents answered and returned the questionnaire well. The results showed that the Arabic language program had a good effect in enhancing vocabulary, motivation and confidence in learning Arabic.
Ignoring the Multi-species Aspect of Labor Supply Decisions in Spatial Bio-economic Fishery Models
Creators: name: Stafford, Tess
name: Stafford, Tess
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: This paper analyzes the bias in fishermans predicted participation rates in the target fishery associated with ignoring the multi-species aspect of labor supply decisions in spatial bio-economic fishery models. Recent advancements have been made to simultaneously model the biology of a marine species and the strategic behavior of harvesters over both time and space in order to more accurately predict the effect of regulatory policies on harvester effort and resource population. These models assume a nested choice structure in which the harvester first faces a dichotomous decision between shifting for the target species or not on a given day and then chooses a location to finish conditional on participation. This structure implicitly groups all non-target species options together in the first nest forcing participation-specific coefficients to be the same for all outside options, including fishing for an alternative species and staying home, two very different choices. Using a complete 15-year panel of all fishing trips made by fishermen possessing a Florida spiny lobster license, including non-lobster trips, I show that the simplifying assumption of a dichotomous choice structure in the first nest is not innocuous and that the participation probabilities can change substantially with the addition of another species as an outside alternative.
Energy use reduction and input productivity growth in Australian industries
Creators: name: Syed, Arif
name: Syed, Arif
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: energy efficiency
subject: energy demand
subject: energy policy
subject: climate change.

description: A report by the Prime Minister’s Task Group on Energy Efficiency (July 2010) emphasised the need for improved energy efficiency as a response to climate change to ensure a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions from energy consumption in Australia. However, empirical evidence on energy efficiency and its effect on energy use in Australia is scarce. Given this, estimates of the magnitude of the autonomous energy efficiency improvement parameter and the bias in technological change in Australia’s agricultural and industrial sectors have been made, using statistical and econometric techniques. The strong interaction prevailing between capital use and energy productivity in many industries indicates that energy use efficiency may be augmented by optimising capital use. This can be achieved by removing impediments to the use of new capital—that is, by making capital markets more flexible. This should ease the burden on energy efficiency policies or energy conservation measures by providing alternative ways to increase energy efficiency that do not focus on energy use as such. Results of the estimates for overall productivity, input use productivity, the influence of capital on energy productivity, and energy-saving and energy-using bias revealed widely different energy productivity growth rates in different industries studied. Such results suggest a need to revise the 0.5 per cent a year autonomous energy efficiency improvement parameter assumed in most economic projection models used in Australia.