cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Useful Multivariate Stochastic Integration Result
Creators: name: Dhrymes, Phoebus J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1995
Subjects: Economics

description: This paper derives the limiting distribution of the matrix (1/T) ΣTj=1 Z't-1. ŋt. Where Zt = Σtj=1 ŋj and ŋj is a suitably restricted mixing process. It does so by the same method as in the scalar case with the aid of Ito's multivariate formula.
Accuracy of photometric redshifts for future weak lensing surveys from space
Creators: name: Bellagamba, Fabio
name: Meneghetti, Massimo
name: Moscardini, Lauro
name: Bolzonella, Micol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photometric redshifts are a key tool to extract as much information as possible from planned cosmic shear experiments. In this work we aim to test the performances that can be achieved with observations in the near-infrared from space and in the optical from the ground. This is done by performing realistic simulations of multi-band observations of a patch of the sky, and submitting these mock images to software usually applied to real images to extract the photometry and then a redshift estimate for each galaxy. In this way we mimic the most relevant sources of uncertainty present in real data analysis, including blending and light pollution between galaxies. As an example we adopt the infrared setup of the ESA-proposed Euclid mission, while we simulate different observations in the optical, modifying filters, exposure times and seeing values. Finally, we consider directly some future ground-based experiments, such as LSST, Pan-Starrs and DES. The results highlight the importance of u-band observations, especially to discriminate between low (z < 0.5) and high (z ~ 3) redshifts, and the need for good observing sites, with seeing FWHM < 1. arcsec. The former of these indications clearly favours the LSST experiment as a counterpart for space observations, while for the other experiments we need to exclude at least 15 % of the galaxies to reach a precision in the photo-zs equal to $$ < 0.05.
description: 11 pages, to be published in MNRAS. Minor changes to match the published version
Assessing Infrastructure Constraints on Business Activity in Blantyre, Malawi
Creators: name: Raheem, Zaki
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Managerial economics
Economics
Finance

description: This study shows that the cost and inefficiency of transporting goods internationally is the greatest infrastructure constraint on business activity in Blantyre. As a landlocked country, Malawi faces high transport costs that are a serious impediment to trade. Thus, there is great need to reduce the price and time it takes to transport goods to, from and within Malawi to ensure that the country's main industries (a majority of which have branches or are headquartered in Blantyre) can compete internationally.
Modeling road mortality of prairie rattlesnakes and bullsnakes in Alberta
Creators: name: Martinson, Adam J.
Publisher: name: Environmental Design
Year: 2009

description: Bibliography: p. 110-117
description: The grasslands of the Northern Great Plains have experienced significant change, first from crop agriculture during the settlement period, then with expansion of the transportation network, and in recent decades for hydrocarbon extraction. Roads with vehicles can have significant ecological effects including wildlife road mortality. Road density and vehicle access pose unquantified threats to snake populations in Alberta's Mixedgrasslands Natural Subregion, where development has been accompanied by increased road density and vehicular traffic. I studied the movement behaviour of prairie rattlesnakes (Crotalus v. viridis) and bullsnakes (Pituophis catenifer say i) and developed models of their risk of road mortality. I found that temperature was a good predictor of snake movement and influenced road mortality rate. Traffic density also significantly influenced the number of snakes killed on roads. Additional factors that influence mortality risk were incorporated into a system dynamics model that I used to evaluate the sensitivity of parameter value changes. Model results indicated that road density and traffic density were the most influential factors for snake road mortality risk; while vehicle speed had a moderate effect and the influence of driver awareness was negligible. I propose that wildlife managers can use these models as planning tools for mitigating the impacts of road mortality on prairie rattlesnake and bullsnake populations.
The abundance of C18O and HDO in the envelope and hot core of the intermediate mass protostar NGC 7129 FIRS 2
Creators: name: Fuente, A.
name: Caselli, P.
name: McCoey, C.
name: Cernicharo, J.
name: Johnstone, D.
name: Fich, M.
name: van Kempen, T.
name: van Dishoeck, E.
name: Yildiz, U.
name: Visser, R.
name: Kristensen, L.
name: Alonso-Albi, T.
name: Herpin, F.
name: Tisi, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: NGC 7129 FIRS 2 is a young intermediate-mass (IM) protostar, which is associated with two energetic bipolar outflows and displays clear signs of the presence of a hot core. It has been extensively observed with ground based telescopes and within the WISH Guaranteed Time Herschel Key Program. We present new observations of the C18O 3-2 and the HDO 3_{12}-2_{21} lines towards NGC 7129 FIRS 2. Combining these observations with Herschel data and modeling their emissions, we constrain the C18O and HDO abundance profiles across the protostellar envelope. In particular, we derive the abundance of C18O and HDO in the hot core. The intensities of the C18O lines are well reproduced assuming that the C18O abundance decreases through the protostellar envelope from the outer edge towards the centre until the point where the gas and dust reach the CO evaporation temperature (~20-25 K) where the C18O is released back to the gas phase. Once the C18O is released to the gas phase, the modelled C18O abundance is found to be ~1.6x10^{-8}, which is a factor of 10 lower than the reference abundance. This result is supported by the non-detection of C18O 9-8, which proves that even in the hot core (T_k>100 K) the CO abundance must be 10 times lower than the reference value. Several scenarios are discussed to explain this C18O deficiency. One possible explanation is that during the pre-stellar and protostellar phase, the CO is removed from the grain mantles by reactions to form more complex molecules. Our HDO modeling shows that the emission of HDO 3_{12}-2_{21} line is maser and comes from the hot core (T_k>100 K). Assuming the physical structure derived by Crimier et al. (2010), we determine a HDO abundance of ~0.4 - 1x10^{-7} in the hot core of this IM protostar, similar to that found in the hot corinos NGC 1333 IRAS 2A and IRAS 16293-2422.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Regulatory mechanisms governing mammary epithelial and progenitor cell growth
Creators: name: Burleigh, Angela
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: The processes involved in mammary gland development are intimately linked with those that drive breast oncogenesis. Regulation of growth, tissue polarity and genome stability are a few of the factors the maintain homeostasis in breast epithelium and prevent malignant progression. In this work, a series of clonal 184-hTERT cell lines were generated that modeled the in vitro growth characteristics of bi-potent mammary progenitor cells; they were dependent upon fibroblasts for low-density growth and formed dual-lineage acini in 3D culture. These lines were subsequently used in a genome-wide siRNA screen to identify the factors that regulate fibroblast-driven epithelial cell growth. Fibroblasts constitute the majority of cells within stroma, which plays a major role in supporting mammary progenitor cell growth. From this screen, 49 surface and secreted factors were identified that putatively transduce the signals emanating from the fibroblasts that are required for epithelial cell growth. These factors were more potent than any of the previously described growth factor receptors. When assessed in primary tissue, Gpr39, Scarb2, Ntn1, Efna4, Nptx1, and Ctnna1 were found to have the greatest effect on overall progenitor cell growth, while SerpinH1 differentially suppressed luminal progenitor cells, and Nkain4 and Kcnj5 differentially suppressed bi-potent progenitor cells. Further profiling of these lines identified the planar cell polarity protein Celsr1 as differentially regulated under fibroblast-dependent conditions. Silencing of Celsr1 increased the number of bi-potent progenitor cells detected in the colonyforming assay. Furthermore, it induced branching morphogenesis within normally spherical acini and disrupted the apical polarity of these structures in 3D culture. Within this system, Celsr1 is suspected of signaling through Shisa4. This is the first description of a noncanonical Celsr1 interactor. Finally, a curious variant line was identified amongst the collection of 184-hTERT cells generated for this work. This line harbours mitotic spindle and cell cycle checkpoint defects, and rapidly gains chromosome 20 during passaging. Through an elimination process, de novo promoter hypomethylation and subsequent overexpression of CENPI was identified as likely being responsible for this phenotype. This is the first description of CENPI deregulation and one of a few descriptions of gene promoter hypomethylation resulting in genome instability.
Gender Needs Assessment for Mekelle City, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Kong, Lucy
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Managerial economics
subject: Women's studies
subject: Africans
subject: Criminology
subject: FOS: Law

description: This needs assessment is focused explicitly on achieving gender equality and women's empowerment,. The research for this study was conducted in Mekelle, the capital city of the Tigray National Regional State, situated 780 kilometers north of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia's capital. MCI's research has shown that attention to gender equality has increased across all sectors of Mekelle society. Nevertheless, significant gaps still exist. Violence against women, including rape, remains a problem.This needs assessment puts forward a number of practical interventions to help strengthen support for enforcing the rights of girls and women.
Quantum Data Fitting
Creators: name: Wiebe, Nathan
name: Braun, Daniel
name: Lloyd, Seth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a new quantum algorithm that efficiently determines the quality of a least-squares fit over an exponentially large data set by building upon an algorithm for solving systems of linear equations efficiently (Harrow et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 103}, 150502 (2009)). In many cases, our algorithm can also efficiently find a concise function that approximates the data to be fitted and bound the approximation error. In cases where the input data is a pure quantum state, the algorithm can be used to provide an efficient parametric estimation of the quantum state and therefore can be applied as an alternative to full quantum state tomography given a fault tolerant quantum computer.
description: 6 pages, corrected version
A learning agenda to build the evidence base for strengthening global health information systems
Creators: name: Bobrow, Emily A
name: Strahley, Ashley
name: Cannon, Abby C
name: Reynolds, Heidi W
name: Silvestre, Eva
name: Salentine, Shannon
name: Millar, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications
Year: 2020

description:
BACKGROUND: Evidence-based interventions are necessary for planning and investing in health information systems (HIS) and for strengthening those systems to collect, manage, sort and analyse health data to support informed decision-making. However, evidence and guidance on HIS strengthening in low- and middle-income countries have been historically lacking. OBJECTIVE: This article describes the approach, methods, lessons learned and recommendations from 5 years of applying our learning agenda to strengthen the evidence base for effective HIS interventions. METHODS: The first step was to define key questions about characteristics, stages of progression, and factors and conditions of HIS performance progress. We established a team and larger advisory group to guide the implementation of activities to build the evidence base to answer questions. We strengthened learning networks to share information. RESULTS: The process of applying the learning agenda provided a unique opportunity to learn by doing, strategically collecting information about monitoring and evaluating HIS strengthening interventions and building a body of evidence. There are now models and tools to strengthen HIS, improved indicators and measures, country HIS profiles, documentation of interventions, a searchable database of HIS assessment tools and evidence generated through syntheses and evaluation results. CONCLUSION: The systematic application of learning agenda processes and activities resulted in increased evidence, information, guidance and tools for HIS strengthening and a resource centre, making that information accessible and available globally. IMPLICATIONS: We describe the inputs, processes and lessons learned, so that others interested in designing a successful learning agenda have access to evidence of how to do so.
A Revealed Preference Approach for Ranking City Quality of Life
Creators: name: Kahn, Matthew E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1993
Subjects: Economics

description: This paper presents a new method for ranking city quality of life that requires weaker assumptions than the Rosen and Roback hedonic methodology. A simple revealed preference approach is used. If a person can raise his wages and lower his rentals by moving from city a to city b, then city a must be nicer than city b. This approach differs from the hedonic approach because a separate fixed effect is estimated for each city. The fixed effect represents the dollar value of the entire bundle of a city's local public good vector. The revealed preference approach relaxes the assumptions that: 1) All relevant city specific attributes are observed, and 2) the functional form of how attributes affect wages and rentals is known. I also show how this estimator can be used to study city quality of life dynamics from a single cross-section of rentals and home prices across cities.
Evolution of duplicate gene sequences, expression patterns, and functions in the Brassicaceae and other rosids
Creators: name: Liu, Shao-Lun
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Duplicated genes are considered as raw materials for evolutionary innovations. They are common in eukaryotic genomes, particularly in plants due to the high incidence of whole genome duplication. Thus, understanding the factors that contribute to the retention of duplicated genes is a fundamental topic in evolutionary biology. I tackle this topic by examining how reciprocal expression (RE) among different organ and tissue types, as well as protein subcellular relocalization (PSR), contributes to the retention of duplicated genes. From analyses of microarray data across 83 different organ/cell types and developmental stages in Arabidopsis thaliana, I determined that more than 30% of duplicate pairs showed RE patterns (chapter 2). Reconstructing their ancestral expression pattern, more RE cases resulted from gain of a new expression pattern (neofunctionalization) than from partitioning of ancestral expression patterns (subfunctionalization), with pollen being a common location for expression gain (chapter 2). During the analysis on RE, I found a dramatic example of neofunctionalization for a pair of protein kinase genes, SSP and BSK1, in the Brassicaceae (chapter 3). BSK1 and SSP have opposite expression patterns in pollen compared with all other parts of the plant. I determined that BSK1 retains the ancestral expression pattern and function and that the ancestral function of SSP was lost by deletions in the kinase domain. I revealed that SSP changed its function from a component of the brassinosteroid signaling pathway to being a paternal regulator of embryogenesis. I also found that two reciprocally expressed duplicated gene pairs, a peroxidase gene pair and a CDPK gene pair, in Brassicaceae showed PSR and evidence for neofunctionalization (chapter 2). To better understand how PSR can contribute to the retention of duplicated genes, I focused on a particular example for a pair of the chloroplast-origin ribosomal protein S13 (rps13) genes in rosids (chapter 4). One encodes chloroplast-imported RPS13 (nucp rps13), while the other encodes mitochondria-imported RPS13 (numit rps13). I provided evidence that numit rps13 genes have experienced adaptive and convergent evolution. My thesis provides important insights into the evolutionary importance of RE and PSR on the retention of duplicated genes in plants.
Luminosities of Barred and Unbarred S0 Galaxies
Creators: name: Bergh, Sidney van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lenticular galaxies with M_B < -21.5 are almost exclusively unbarred, whereas both barred and unbarred objects occur at fainter luminosity levels. This effect is observed both for objects classified in blue light, and for those that were classified in the infrared. This result suggests that the most luminous (massive) S0 galaxies find it difficult to form bars. As a result the mean luminosity of unbarred lenticular galaxies in both B and IR light is observed to be ~0.4 mag brighter than than that of barred lenticulars. A small contribution to the observed luminosity difference that is found between SA0 and SB0 galaxies may also be due to the fact that there is an asymmetry between the effects of small classification errors on SA0 and SB0 galaxies. An E galaxy might be misclassified as an S0, or an S0 as an E. However, an E will never be misclassified an SB0, nor will an SB0 ever be called an E. This asymmetry is important because elliptical (E) galaxies are typically twice as luminous as lenticular (S0) galaxies. The present results suggest that the evolution of luminous lenticular galaxies may be closely linked to that of elliptical galaxies, whereas fainter lenticulars might be more closely associated with ram-pressure stripped spiral galaxies. Finally it is pointed out that fine details of the galaxy formation process might account for some of the differences between the classifications of the same galaxy by individual competent morphologists.
description: Astrophysical Journal, in press
Income Distribution, Political Instability and Investment
Creators: name: Alesina, Alberto
name: Perotti, Roberto
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Economics
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: This paper successfully tests on a sample of 71 countries for the period 1960-85 the following hypotheses. Income inequality, by fueling social discontent, increases socio-political instability. The latter, by creating uncertainty in the politico-economic environment, reduces investment. As a consequence, income inequality and investment are inversely related. Since investment is a primary engine of growth, this paper identifies a channel for an inverse relationship between income inequality and growth. We measure socio-political instability with indices which capture the occurrence of more or less violent phenomena of political unrest and we test our hypotheses by estimating a two-equation model in which the endogenous variable are investment and an index of socio-political instability. Our results are robust to sensitivity analysis on the specification of the model and the measurement of political instability, and are unchanged when the model is estimated using robust regression techniques.
Waterfront
Creators: name: Standeven, Nicholas James David
Publisher: name: Environmental Design
Year: 2009

description: Bibliography: p. 140-142
description: Thesis is in colour.
description: Vast and thinly occupied, massive but not dense, the horizontal Canadian metropolis has been shaped by waves of economic, social and political forces. The expansive growth of the modern city, built on complex systems of industrialization, rapidly accelerating transport and communication networks and a culture of consumption, has left indelible marks on the urban landscape. By the end of the 20th century the thorough reduction in industrial capacity of North American cities made apparent the actual cost of this landscape in the form of derelict waste landscapes and underused monofunctional infrastructure in and around the traditional city centre. Partially in reaction to this dispersed field or carpet of development, the relatively young form of practice refered to as landscape urbanism has emerged as a lens through which we can better conceptualize and design for the complex social, economic and environmental contexts of the post-industrial city. In an effort to explore the principles of this emerging mode of practice and how they could provide alternate and more balanced methods of urban development, this Master's Degree Project (MDP) investigates the convergence of landscape urbanism, architecture and infrastructural systems and their ability to shape the 21st century Canadian city. Ultimately a proposal for the redevelopment of a large swatch of derelict industrial land and underused space along Victoria's waterfront is presented as a way to test the theoretical background through a specific design praxis.
Surprises in the AdS algebraic curve constructions - Wilson loops and correlation functions
Creators: name: Janik, Romuald A.
name: Laskos-Grabowski, Pawel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The algebraic curve (finite-gap) classification of rotating string solutions was very important in the development of integrability through comparison with analogous structures at weak coupling. The classification was based on the analysis of monodromy around the closed string cylinder. In this paper we show that certain classical Wilson loop minimal surfaces corresponding to the null cusp and qqbar potential with trivial monodromy can, nevertheless, be described by appropriate algebraic curves. We also show how a correlation function of a circular Wilson loop with a local operator fits into this framework. The latter solution has identical monodromy to the pointlike BMN string and yet is significantly different.
description: 36 pages; v2: minor corrections
Rectangular Wilson Loops at Large N
Creators: name: Lohmayer, Robert
name: Neuberger, Herbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work is about pure Yang-Mills theory in four Euclidean dimensions with gauge group SU(N). We study rectangular smeared Wilson loops on the lattice at large N and relatively close to the large-N transition point in their eigenvalue density. We show that the string tension can be extracted from these loops but their dependence on shape differs from the asymptotic prediction of effective string theory.
description: 47 pages, 21 figures, 8 tables
Dedication of a statue to Ceres, by Iulius Acilius Hermes, sevir
Creators: name: Prag, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sicily
subject: epigraphy
subject: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300138808
subject: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/462492

description: TEI EpiDoc record
Re.house: rethinking suburban housing
Creators: name: Ferguson, Tara
Publisher: name: Environmental Design
Year: 2009

description: Bibliography: p. 105-108
description: Thesis is in colour.
description: Missing signature page.
description: Recognizing the limitations of developer prescribed, mass produced housing; this MOP responds to a visible need for the recognition of individuality and specificity of place as a means for creating an environment suitable for the contemporary dweller and their evolving needs. A lack of choice, a widespread contentness with mediocrity and a willingness to conform to developer defined standards of living has left many homeowners dissatisfied. Through the exploration of an architecture that is both socially and economically responsive, this MOP proposes a densified, typological alternative to the contemporary single family home. Encouraging a shift from a traditionally, static housing forms, this project propose an alternative solution capable of adapting to the user and their broader socioeconomic context.
The lightest scalar in theories with broken supersymmetry
Creators: name: Brizi, Leonardo
name: Scrucca, Claudio A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the scalar mass matrix of general supersymmetric theories with local gauge symmetries, and derive an absolute upper bound on the lightest scalar mass. This bound can be saturated by suitably tuning the superpotential, and its positivity therefore represents a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of metastable vacua. It is derived by looking at the subspace of all those directions in field space for which an arbitrary supersymmetric mass term is not allowed and scalar masses are controlled by supersymmetry-breaking splitting effects. This subspace includes not only the direction of supersymmetry breaking, but also the directions of gauge symmetry breaking and the lightest scalar is in general a linear combination of fields spanning all these directions. We present explicit results for the simplest case of theories with a single local gauge symmetry. For renormalizable gauge theories, the lightest scalar is a combination of the Goldstino partners and its square mass is always positive. For more general non-linear sigma models, on the other hand, the lightest scalar can involve also the Goldstone partner and its square mass is not always positive.
description: 30 pages, 3 figures; v2 introduction expanded, paragraph added in section 5 and two references added
Bounds on the volume fraction of 2-phase, 2-dimensional elastic bodies and on (stress, strain) pairs in composites
Creators: name: Milton, Graeme Walter
name: Nguyen, Loc Hoang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bounds are obtained on the volume fraction in a two-dimensional body containing two elastically isotropic materials with known bulk and shear moduli. These bounds use information about the average stress and strain fields, energy, determinant of the stress, and determinant of the displacement gradient, which can be determined from measurements of the traction and displacement at the boundary. The bounds are sharp if in each phase certain displacement field components are constant. The inequalities we obtain also directly give bounds on the possible (average stress, average strain) pairs in a two-phase, two-dimensional, periodic or statistically homogeneous composite
description: 16 pages, 2 figures, Submitted to Comptes Rendus Mecanique
Coupled-channel effective field theory and proton-$^7$Li scattering
Creators: name: Lensky, Vadim
name: Birse, Michael C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the renormalisation group (RG) to analyse scattering by short-range forces in systems with coupled channels. For two S-wave channels, we find three fixed points, corresponding to systems with zero, one or two bound or virtual states at threshold. We use the RG to determine the power countings for the resulting effective field theories. In the case of a single low-energy state, the resulting theory takes the form of an effective-range expansion in the strongly interacting channel. We also extend the analysis to include the effects of the Coulomb interaction between charged particles. The approach is then applied to the coupled $p+{^7}$Li and $n+{^7}$Be channels which couple to a $J^P=2^-$ state of $^8$Be very close to the $n+{^7}$Be threshold. At next-to-leading order, we are able to get a good description of the $p+{^7}$Li phase shift and the ${^7}$Be(n,p)${^7}$Li cross section using four parameters. Fits at one order higher are similarly good but the available data are not sufficient to determine all five parameters uniquely.
description: 22 pages, 2 figures, RevTeX4, typos corrected, accepted for publication in European Physical Journal A
Kumasi Marketing Strategy: Tourism
Creators: name: Cacciatore, Dario
name: Le, Andre
name: Levi-Gardes, Nicholas
name: Lopez Reus, Antonio
name: Hsu, Kenny Sai-Kin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Managerial economics
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Recreation

description: Kumasi needs to position itself strategically as a cultural destination, communicate its attributes more effectively to tourists already in Ghana and differentiate itself from other cities and attractions. Position should entail marketing a larger cultural region than just Kumasi. Several positioning statements can transmit Kumasi's new marketing strategy: Kumasi - Heart of the Kingdom of Ashanti, Ashanti - The Hidden Kingdom, Kumasi - Come and See! Kumasi is well placed to capitalize on the growth of tourism in Ghana due to its status as a cultural capital. The financial impact of tourism growth is potentially significant for the city and its surrounding districts. The creation of the Ashanti Region Marketing Corporation is fundamental to proper coordination among stakeholders.
Market Innovation and the Global Environment
Creators: name: Chichilnisky, Graciela
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1992
Subjects: Economics

description: Markets are often considered enemies of the environment. A traditional view is that environmental issues are grounded on market externalities because, in cases such as smoking, one individual's consumption is irrevocably linked to those of others. This leads to ill defined private choices and to the failure of market efficiency. Markets can therefore induce overconsumption of environmental resources, such as clean air. Reciprocally, environmental concerns are often blamed for undermining market performance. Environmental regulation can lead to undue costs and prevent the unfettered behavior needed for achieving market efficiency. Yet recent evidence points in the opposite direction. Markets have evolved some of the most innovative and useful solutions for global environment problems. This includes new and profitable products such as catalytic converters, industrial scrubbers and waste management technologies, as well as new financial instruments such as tradeable emission permits, profit - sharing environmental ventures, and debt for nature swaps. One observes a groundswell of positive interest in the environment arising from all levels of the business community. This paper examines the role of market innovation in explaining the apparent contradiction between markets and the environment. It argues that market innovation can serve as a powerful tool of environmental policy operating together with a competitive market environment.
Optimal Multiwavelength Source Detection: Experience Gained from the WISE Mission
Creators: name: Marsh, Kenneth A.
name: Jarrett, Thomas H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the optimal detection of point sources from multiwavelength imaging data using an approach, referred to as MDET, which requires no prior knowledge of the source spectrum. MDET may be regarded as a somewhat more general version of the so-called "chi squared" technique. We describe the theoretical basis of the technique, and show examples of its performance with four-channel infrared broad-band imaging data from the WISE mission. We also discuss the potential benefits of applying it to the multifrequency data cubes of the ASKAP surveys, and suggest that it could increase the detection sensitivity of searches for neutral hydrogen emission at moderately high redshifts.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures; accepted for publication in PASA. Formatting problem in Table 1 corrected
Japan's saving rate: An update
Creators: name: Hayashi, Fumio
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1994
Subjects: Economics
Commerce

description: In this paper I report my most recent calculation of Japan's saving rate. It has been almost ten years since I realized that Japan's saving rate as compiled in the Japanese National Income Accounts was substantially overstated (see Hayashi (1986)). Since then I have had several occasions to update my calculation of adjusted Japanese saving rate. The last update is in Hayashi (1991). The calculation I report in this paper will incorporate not only the National Income Accounts data that became available since the last update but also recent criticisms made by Iwamoto (1994).
Leibniz ja vis viva-kiista
Creators: name: Roinila, Markku
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Dynamiikka, vis viva, fysiikka, luonnonfilosofia

description: Esitykseni Leibnizin luonnonfilosofiasta, erityisesti vis viva-kiistasta Luonnonfilosofian seurassa 2017.
On the binary nature of the gamma-ray sources AGL J2241+4454 (=MWC 656) and HESS J0632+057 (=MWC 148)
Creators: name: Casares, J.
name: Ribo, M.
name: Ribas, I.
name: Paredes, J. M.
name: Vilardell, F.
name: Negueruela, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present optical spectroscopy of MWC 656 and MWC 148, the proposed optical counterparts of the gamma-ray sources AGL J2241+4454 and HESS J0632+0 57, respectively. The main parameters of the Halpha emission line (EW, FWHM and centroid velocity) in these stars are modulated on the proposed orbital periods of 60.37 and 321 days, respectively. These modulations are likely produced by the resonant interaction of the Be discs with compact stars in eccentric orbits. We also present radial velocity curves of the optical stars folded on the above periods and obtain the first orbital elements of the two gamma-ray sources thus confirming their binary nature. Our orbital solution support eccentricities e~0.4 and 0.83+-0.08 for MWC 656 and MWC 148, respectively. Further, our orbital elements imply that the X-ray outbursts in HESS J0632+057/MWC 148 are delayed ~0.3 orbital phases after periastron passage, similarly to the case of LS I +61 303. In addition, the optical photometric light curve maxima in AGL J2241+4454/MWC 656 occur ~0.25 phases passed periastron, similar to what is seen in LS I +61 303. We also find that the orbital eccentricity is correlated with orbital period for the known gamma-ray binaries. This is explained by the fact that small stellar separations are required for the efficient triggering of VHE radiation. Another correlation between the EW of Halpha and orbital period is also observed, similarly to the case of Be/X-ray binaries. These correlations are useful to provide estimates of the key orbital parameters Porb and e from the Halpha line in future Be gamma-ray binary candidates.
description: Figure 4 replaced by new version which corrects phases in right-hand panel
Program for the Spring 2019 MARAC Meeting: Working Archives: A Labor of Love
Creators: name: MARAC: Mid-Atlantic Regional Archives Conference
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2019
Subjects: MARAC
Mid-Atlantic Regional Archives Conference
Morgantown
West Virginia

description: The program for the Spring 2019 MARAC meeting, "Working Archives: A Labor of Love" held April 11-13 in Morgantown, WV.
Crumbling or transforming? Japan's economic success and its postwar economic institutions
Creators: name: Patrick, Hugh T.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1995
Subjects: Economics
Commerce

description: The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the evolutionary change of three of the major postwar economic institutions: the large firm industrial relations system; the main bank system of large firm corporate finance; and the keiretsu systems of various forms of business ties among groups of firms. In following sections I consider the conditions and circumstances that resulted in the development and flourishing of these institutions; the subsequent developments of the economy that have made these institutions less effective and in some respects now clearly inefficient; how these institutions have responded; and, in a brief conclusion, speculate how they are likely to evolve.
Herd Behavior by Japanese Banks After Financial Deregulation in the 1980s
Creators: name: Nakagawa, Ryuichi
name: Uchida, Hirofumi
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Commerce

description: This paper empirically investigates whether Japanese banks followed herd behavior as a result of financial deregulation in the 1980s, and whether any observed herd behavior brought about inefficiencies that could have caused macroeconomic fluctuations. Using loan-portfolio data, the paper examines Granger-causalities in lending behavior by different types of banks. We find that Japanese banks inefficiently herd from the early through mid-1980s, the period immediately after financial deregulation began. However, contrary to anecdotal evidence, inefficient herd behavior is rarely observed in the 1990s. The herd behavior in the 1980s was more frequently observed in lending to new borrowers than to traditional borrowers. In addition, other banks were inclined to follow those banks that were considered more informed in lending to a specific industry, or that were large enough to adjust more effectively to the environment created by deregulation. These results are consistent with theoretical predictions in the literature and suggest the possibility that the herd behavior contributed to the asset price bubble in the late 1980s.
Electromagnetic multipole moments of elementary spin-1/2, 1, and 3/2 particles
Creators: name: Delgado-Acosta, E. G.
name: Kirchbach, M.
name: Napsuciale, M.
name: Rodríguez, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study multipole decompositions of the electromagnetic currents of spin-1/2, 1, and 3/2 particles described in terms of Lagrangians designed to reproduce representation specific wave equations which are second order in the momenta and which emerge within the recently elaborated Poincaré covariant projector method. We calculate the electric multipoles of the above spins for the spinor, the four-vector, and the four-vector--spinor representations, attend to the most general non-Lagrangian spin-3/2 currents which are allowed by Lorentz invariance to be of third order in the momenta and construct the linear current equivalent of identical multipole moments of one of them. We conclude that such non-Lagrangian currents are not necessarily more general than the two-term currents emerging within the covariant projector method. We compare our results with those of the conventional Proca-, and Rarita-Schwinger frameworks. Finally, we test the representation dependence of the multipoles by placing spin-1 and spin-3/2 in the respective (1,0)$\oplus$(0,1), and (3/2,0)$\oplus$(0,3/2) single-spin representations. We observe representation independence of the charge monopoles and the magnetic dipoles, in contrast to the higher multipoles, which turn out to be representation dependent. In particular, we find the bi-vector $(1,0)\oplus (0,1)$ to be characterized by an electric quadrupole moment of opposite sign to the one found in $(1/2,1/2)$, and consequently, to the $W$ boson. Our finding points toward the possibility that the $ρ$ meson could transform as part of an antisymmetric tensor with an $a_{1}$ meson-like state as its representation companion.
description: 27 pages, 2 figures
Who is Bearing the Cost of the AIDS Epidemic in Asia?
Creators: name: Glied, Sherry A. M.
name: Bloom, David E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1992
Subjects: Economics
Public health

description: This chapter infers the distribution of AIDS costs in India, Indonesia, and Thailand from data on the costs of detecting and treating AIDS and from information on the nature of different countries health care finance systems and related institutions. The main finding is that the AIDS epidemic will contribute to increased economic inequality in these countries because (a) it is disproportionately affecting low-income groups and (b) public and private institutions that could spread the costs of the epidemic (for example, health, life, disability, and social welfare insurance) are relatively limited and do not reach the majority of the populations. The chapter also develops a new approach to measuring AIDS medical care costs that yields estimates of US $738 per case in India and US $1490 per case in Indonesia. Finally, the chapter discusses the political economy of HIV prevention and speculates that more effective control of the epidemic may result from a system in which the government pays for the medical care costs of AIDS than one in which individuals with AIDS and their families bear most of the costs.
The Effect of Mechanical Resonance on Josephson Dynamics
Creators: name: Padurariu, C.
name: Keijzers, C. J. H.
name: Nazarov, Yu. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically dynamics in a Josephson junction coupled to a mechanical resonator looking at the signatures of the resonance in d.c. electrical response of the junction. Such a system can be realized experimentally as a suspended ultra-clean carbon nanotube brought in contact with two superconducting leads. A nearby gate electrode can be used to tune the junction parameters and to excite mechanical motion. We augment theoretical estimations with the values of setup parameters measured in the samples fabricated. We show that charging effects in the junction give rise to a mechanical force that depends on the superconducting phase difference. The force can excite the resonant mode provided the superconducting current in the junction has oscillating components with a frequency matching the resonant frequency of the mechanical resonator. We develop a model that encompasses the coupling of electrical and mechanical dynamics. We compute the mechanical response (the effect of mechanical motion) in the regime of phase bias and d.c. voltage bias. We thoroughly investigate the regime of combined a.c. and d.c. bias where Shapiro steps are developed and reveal several distinct regimes characteristic for this effect. Our results can be immediately applied in the context of experimental detection of the mechanical motion in realistic superconducting nano-mechanical devices.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures
3-Dimensional Kinematics in low foreground extinction windows of the Galactic Bulge: Radial Velocities for 6 bulge fields
Creators: name: Soto, M.
name: Kuijken, K.
name: Rich, R. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detailed structure of the Galactic bulge still remain uncertain. The strong difficulties of obtaining observations of stars in the Galactic bulge have hindered the acquisition of a kinematic representation for the inner kpc of the Milky Way. The observation of the 3-d kinematics in several low foreground extinction windows can solve this problem. We have developed a new technique, which combines precise stellar HST positions and proper motions with integral field spectroscopy, in order to obtain reliable 3-d stellar kinematics in crowded fields of the Galactic center. In addition, we present results using the new techniques for six fields in our project. A significant vertex deviation has been found in some of the fields in agreement with previous determinations. This result confirms the presence of a stellar bar in the Galactic bulge.
description: 14 pages, 15 figures, Accepted for publication in A&A
Weak-Chaos Ratchet Accelerator
Creators: name: Dana, Itzhack
name: Roitberg, Vladislav B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classical Hamiltonian systems with a mixed phase space and some asymmetry may exhibit chaotic ratchet effects. The most significant such effect is a directed momentum current or acceleration. In known model systems, this effect may arise only for sufficiently strong chaos. In this paper, a Hamiltonian ratchet accelerator is introduced, featuring a momentum current for arbitrarily weak chaos. The system is a realistic, generalized kicked rotor and is exactly solvable to some extent, leading to analytical expressions for the momentum current. While this current arises also for relatively strong chaos, the maximal current is shown to occur, at least in one case, precisely in a limit of arbitrarily weak chaos.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures
Electromagnetic radiation produces frame dragging
Creators: name: Herrera, L.
name: Barreto, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that for a generic electrovacuum spacetime, electromagnetic radiation produces vorticity of worldlines of observers in a Bondi--Sachs frame. Such an effect (and the ensuing gyroscope precession with respect to the lattice) which is a reminiscence of generation of vorticity by gravitational radiation, may be linked to the nonvanishing of components of the Poynting and the super--Poynting vectors on the planes othogonal to the vorticity vector. The possible observational relevance of such an effect is commented.
description: 8 pages RevTex 4-1; updated version to appear in Physical Review D