cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Effects of user factors on user experience in virtual reality: age, gender, and VR experience as influencing factors for VR exergames
Creators: name: Kojić, Tanja
name: Spang, Robert
name: Vergari, Maurizio
name: Meier, Luis
name: Möller, Sebastian
name: Voigt-Antons, Jan-Niklas
Publisher: name: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie
subject: virtual reality
subject: exergames
subject: user interface
subject: user experience
subject: motivation
subject: affinity for technology

description: As virtual reality (VR) technology is extensively developing in past years, more and more people are using it in different fields. One of the fast-developing areas in VR is exergaming, a combination of physical exercise and a game. VR exergames that aim to engage people in physical activity should look and feel good for users regardless of their age, gender, or their previous VR experience with similar technologies. However, recent studies showed that those factors are influencing the user experience (UX) with virtual reality. Building on top of the initial study that has reported on the effect of human influencing factors for exergaming, with this work, we investigated the influence of user parameters (such as age, gender, and previous VR experience) on their motivation for sports and VR exergaming. The study was done using a crowdsourcing platform to recruit a diverse set of participants, with the aim to explore how different user factors are connected to sports motivation. Results show significant differences in the user’s sports motivation and affinity for technology interaction depending on the age group, gender, previous experience with VR, their weekly exercise routine, and how much money they spend on sports yearly.
Two-stage dissipation in a superconducting microbridge: Experiment and modeling
Creators: name: Del Rio, L.
name: Altshuler, E.
name: Niratisairak, S.
name: Haugen, O.
name: Johansen, T. H.
name: Davidson, B. A.
name: Testa, G.
name: Sarnelli, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using fluorescent microthermal imaging we have investigated the origin of "two-step" behavior in I-V curves for a current-carrying YBa_2Cu_3O_x superconducting bridge. High resolution temperature maps reveal that as the applied current increases the first step in the voltage corresponds to local dissipation (hot spot), whereas the second step is associated with onset of global dissipation throughout the entire bridge. A quantitative explanation of the experimental results is provided by a simple model for an inhomogeneous superconductor, assuming that the hot spot nucleates at a location with slightly depressed superconducting properties.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
On the symmetry of the partition function of some square ice models
Creators: name: Aval, Jean-Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the partition function Z(N;x_1,...,x_N,y_1,...,y_N) of the square ice model with domain wall boundary. We give a simple proof of the symmetry of Z with respect to all its variables when the global parameter a of the model is set to the special value a=exp(iπ/3). Our proof does not use any determinantal interpretation of Z and can be adapted to other situations (for examples to some symmetric ice models).
description: 8 pages
Using Genetic Algorithms for Texts Classification Problems
Creators: name: Shumeyko, A. A.
name: Sotnik, S. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The avalanche quantity of the information developed by mankind has led to concept of automation of knowledge extraction - Data Mining ([1]). This direction is connected with a wide spectrum of problems - from recognition of the fuzzy set to creation of search machines. Important component of Data Mining is processing of the text information. Such problems lean on concept of classification and clustering ([2]). Classification consists in definition of an accessory of some element (text) to one of in advance created classes. Clustering means splitting a set of elements (texts) on clusters which quantity are defined by localization of elements of the given set in vicinities of these some natural centers of these clusters. Realization of a problem of classification initially should lean on the given postulates, basic of which - the aprioristic information on primary set of texts and a measure of affinity of elements and classes.
description: 16 pages, exposed on 5th International Conference "Actualities and Perspectives on Hardware and Software" - APHS2009, Timisoara, Romania
Additional file 3 of Proposed prognostic subgroups and facilitated clinical decision-making for additional locoregional radiotherapy in de novo metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a retrospective study based on recursive partitioning analysis
Creators: name: Yao, Yuyi
name: Sun, Xuesong
name: Huang, Huageng
name: Wang, Zhao
name: Fang, Xiaojie
name: Chen, Meiting
name: Chen, Zegeng
name: Weng, Huawei
name: Guo, Chengcheng
name: Hong, Huangming
name: Huang, He
name: Lin, Tongyu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 3: Table S3 Clincial characteristic of the patients treated with or without CCT during LRRT in the training cohort.
Improving the efficiency of serverless applications through reducing allocation footprint
Creators: name: Sadeghian, Ghazal
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Serverless computing is an emerging paradigm in cloud computing that revolutionizes application development. It introduces unique features such as a pay-per-use pricing model and the ability to scale down to zero. By shifting the responsibility for resource provisioning and administrative tasks to cloud providers, it frees developers from the complexities of resource management, allowing them to focus solely on code logic. However, despite the numerous advantages of serverless computing, there is a potential for decreased efficiency particularly when used in conjunction with other cloud services, raising environmental concerns. Recent data from leading cloud providers highlight compute servers, storage servers, and network equipment as significant sources of carbon emissions in cloud computing. Thus, there is a pressing need for enhanced resource efficiency, particularly in the context of serverless computing. This thesis addresses the resource and cost efficiency of today's serverless functions by minimizing the allocation footprint for serverless functions. The UnFaaSener framework is introduced, leveraging the underutilized capacity of non-serverless hosts to execute serverless functions. By using available underutilized resources within a user's non-serverless computational resources, the framework eliminates the need for cloud providers to allocate additional resources, thus mitigating potential resource overallocation for the serverless functions. Furthermore, this thesis explores the integration of the WebAssembly (Wasm) execution environment as the isolation mechanism for serverless functions. When serverless functions have the potential to be compiled into Wasm modules, unlike traditional containers, Wasm can enable the efficient packing of a larger number of modules onto the same isolation environment, maximizing resource efficiency through mitigating the considerable memory footprint associated with containers. The proposed techniques contribute to creating more efficient serverless applications for users, offering potential improvements in cost-effectiveness and performance.
Fermi transport of spinors and free QED states in curved spacetime
Creators: name: Canarutto, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53B05; 53B21; 81Q99

description: Fermi transport of spinors can be precisely understood in terms of 2-spinor geometry. By using a partly original, previously developed treatment of 2-spinors and classical fields, we describe the family of all transports, along a given 1-dimensional timelike submanifold of spacetime, which yield the standard Fermi transport of vectors. Moreover we show that this family has a distinguished member, whose relation to the Fermi transport of vectors is similar to the relation between the spinor connection and spacetime connection. Various properties of the Fermi transport of spinors are discussed, and applied to the construction of free electron states for a detector-dependent QED formalism introduced in a previous paper.
description: 18 pages
australis Steind.
Creators: name: Müller, F
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1885
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Squamata
Sauria

description: * Calotella australis Steind.
Australia v. F M. [1]
description: Published as part of Müller, F, 1885, Vierter Nachtrag zum Katalogder herpetologischen Sammlung des Basler Museums, pp. 668-717 in Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel. 7 (3) on page 712, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.part.2388, http://zenodo.org/record/15183591
Finite element simulation of textile materials at the fiber scale
Creators: name: Durville, Damien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general approach to simulate the mechanical behavior of textile materials by taking into account all their constitutive elementary fibers and contacts between them is presented in this paper. A finite element code, based on an implicit solver, is develop to model samples of woven fabrics as assemblies of beams submitted to large displacements and developing contactfriction interactions between themselves. Special attention is paid to the detection and modeling of the numerous contacts occurring in this kind of structures. Robust models and efficient algorithms allow to consider samples made of few hundreds of fibers. The unknown initial configuration of the woven fabric is obtained by simulation according to the chosen weaving pattern, providing useful informations on fibers trajectories and tows crosssections shapes. Various loading cases can then be applied to the textile sample, in presence of an elastic matrix, so as to identify its mechanical behavior under different solicitations. Results of simulations performed on coated fabric samples are given to illustrate the approach.
title: A rare cause of craniofacial asymmetry in a child
Creators: name: Awal, Sandeep Singh
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Paediatric radiology
subject: Bones
subject: CNS
subject: CT
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 4-year-old male patient with history of abnormal morphology of head and behavioural abnormalities. Birth history was unremarkable. No history of maternal or fetal distress during pregnancy.

On clinical examination, the patient showed signs of neurodevelopmental delay and asymmetrical head shape.

description: 4 years, male
Exoplanets detection by direct imaging using statistical learning
Creators: name: MAYER, Romain
name: MARY, David
name: CHOQUET, Elodie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: We build a new exoplanet detection algorithm based on statistical methods applied to spatial imagery data (from JWST and VLT/SPHERE). The goal of our work is to compare and combine statistical learning approaches and machine learning methods, to set up an innovative hybrid method.
Applicability and non-applicability of equilibrium statistical mechanics to non-thermal damage phenomena: II. Spinodal behavior
Creators: name: Abaimov, S. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper investigates the spinodal behavior of non-thermal damage phenomena. As an example, a non-thermal fiber-bundle model with the global uniform (meanfield) load sharing is considered. In the vicinity of the spinodal point the power-law scaling behavior is found. For the meanfield fiber-bundle model the spinodal exponents are found to have typical meanfield values.
description: Version related: More careful explanation for the critical slowing-down. General: The topological properties of non-thermal damage are described by the formalism of statistical mechanics. This is the continuation of arXiv:0805.0346. Comments, especially negative, are very welcome
Fractional Generalization of Quantum Markovian Master Equation
Creators: name: Tarasov, Vasily E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove a generalization of the quantum Markovian equation for observables. In this generalized equation, we use superoperators that are fractional powers of completely dissipative superoperators. We prove that the suggested superoperators are infinitesimal generators of completely positive semigroups and describe the properties of this semigroup. We solve the proposed fractional quantum Markovian equation for the harmonic oscillator with linear friction. A fractional power of the Markovian superoperator can be considered a parameter describing a measure of "screening" of the environment of the quantum system: the environmental influence on the system is absent for $α=0$, the environment completely influences the system for $α=1$, and we have a powerlike environmental influence for $0
description: 25 pages, LaTeX
A theory of media bias and disinformation
Creators: name: Förster, Manuel
Publisher: name: Universität Bielefeld, Center for Uncertainty Studies (CeUS)
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 300
subject: 330
subject: Disinformation
subject: media bias
subject: competition
subject: news consumption
subject: fabrication
subject: echo chambers

description: The digital revolution has fundamentally transformed the news industry. To capture these developments, we build a model of media bias in which consumers with heterogeneous beliefs can choose between a variety of news outlets, biased outlets may spread disinformation, and consumers in turn can engage in fact-checking. We first show that fabricated news and fact- checking of counter-attitudinal news naturally is part of any equilibrium. Second, under weak conditions competition between biased outlets induces moderately biased consumers to follow the outlet that is biased against their belief. We also show how competition in many cases reduces disinformation considerably. Finally, in presence of a neutral outlet, echo chambers arise endogenously in equilibrium because only partisans with extreme beliefs follow biased outlets.
A Memetic Algorithm for the Multidimensional Assignment Problem
Creators: name: Gutin, Gregory
name: Karapetyan, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Multidimensional Assignment Problem (MAP or s-AP in the case of s dimensions) is an extension of the well-known assignment problem. The most studied case of MAP is 3-AP, though the problems with larger values of s have also a number of applications. In this paper we propose a memetic algorithm for MAP that is a combination of a genetic algorithm with a local search procedure. The main contribution of the paper is an idea of dynamically adjusted generation size, that yields an outstanding flexibility of the algorithm to perform well for both small and large fixed running times. The results of computational experiments for several instance families show that the proposed algorithm produces solutions of very high quality in a reasonable time and outperforms the state-of-the art 3-AP memetic algorithm.
description: 14 pages
On the wrapping correction to single magnon energy in twisted N=4 SYM
Creators: name: Beccaria, Matteo
name: De Angelis, Gian Fabrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply Zeilberger summation to derive a closed formula for the wrapping correction to one-impurity states in the su(2) sector of the beta-deformed N=4 SYM theory at beta=1/2. As an application depending heavily on the result, we compute the large volume expansion of the wrapping correction.
description: 15 pages
Transformation of redox-sensitive to redox-stable iron-bound phosphorus in anoxic lake sediments under laboratory conditions
Creators: name: Heinrich, Lena
name: Rothe, Matthias
name: Braun, Burga
name: Hupfer, Michael
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::620 Ingenieurwissenschaften::628 Sanitär- und Kommunaltechnik; Umwelttechnik
subject: Iron hydroxide adsorbed phosphorus
subject: vivianite
subject: sink-switch
subject: re-aeration
subject: lake management
subject: microbial community composition

description: Phosphorus (P) can be retained in mineral association with ferrous iron (Fe) as vivianite, Fe(II)3(PO4)2 ∙ 8 H2O, in lake sediments. The mineral is formed and remains stable under anoxic non-sulphidogenic conditions and, therefore, acts as a long-term P sink. In laboratory experiments under anoxic conditions, we investigated whether P adsorbed to amorphous Fe(III)-hydroxide functioned as a precursor phase of vivianite when added to different sediments as a treatment. The untreated sediments served as controls and were naturally Fe-rich (559 µmol/g DW) and Fe-poor (219 µmol/g DW), respectively. The solid P binding forms analysed by sequential extraction and X-ray diffraction were related to coinciding pore water analyses and the bacterial community compositions of the sediments by bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. In the treatments, within a period of 40 d, 70 % of the redox-sensitive Fe(III)-P was transformed into redox-stable P, which contained vivianite. The mineral was supersaturated in the pore water, but the presence of Fe(III)-P functioning as a precursor was sufficient for measurable vivianite formation. The composition of the microbial community did not differ significantly (PERMANOVA, p = 0.09) between treatment and control of the naturally Fe-rich sediment. In the naturally Fe-poor sediment, the microbial community changed significantly (PERMANOVA, p = 0.001) in response to the addition of Fe(III)-P to the sediment. The freshly formed redox-stable P was not retransferred to a redox-sensitive compound by aeration for 24 h until 90 % O2 saturation was reached in the sediment slurry. We conclude that 1) Fe(III)-hydroxide bound P, resulting from oxic conditions at the sediment-water interface, is immobilised during anoxic conditions and stable even after re-oxygenation; 2) the process is feasible within the time scales of anoxic lake stratification periods; and 3) in relatively Fe-poor lakes, Fe dosing can provide excess Fe to form the precursor.
PARISROC, a Photomultiplier Array Integrated Read Out Chip
Creators: name: Di Lorenzo, S. Conforti
name: Campagne, J. E.
name: Dulucq, F.
name: De La Taille, C.
name: Martin-Chassard, G.
name: Berni, M. El
name: Wei, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: PARISROC is a complete read out chip, in AMS SiGe 0.35 !m technology, for photomultipliers array. It allows triggerless acquisition for next generation neutrino experiments and it belongs to an R&D program funded by the French national agency for research (ANR) called PMm2: ?Innovative electronics for photodetectors array used in High Energy Physics and Astroparticles? (ref.ANR-06-BLAN-0186). The ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) integrates 16 independent and auto triggered channels with variable gain and provides charge and time measurement by a Wilkinson ADC (Analog to Digital Converter) and a 24-bit Counter. The charge measurement should be performed from 1 up to 300 photo- electrons (p.e.) with a good linearity. The time measurement allowed to a coarse time with a 24-bit counter at 10 MHz and a fine time on a 100ns ramp to achieve a resolution of 1 ns. The ASIC sends out only the relevant data through network cables to the central data storage. This paper describes the front-end electronics ASIC called PARISROC.
description: IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium an Medical Imaging Conference (2009 NSS/MIC)
Hyperacute Carotid Stent Thrombosis During Emergent Revascularization Treated with Intraarterial Eptifibatide After Systemic Administration of Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator
Creators: name: Zeenat Qureshi Stroke Institutes
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: A 57-year-old woman with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score of 26 was found to have an acute left carotid occlusion with tandem left M1 thrombus within 1.5 hours of symptom onset. After no neurologic improvement following standard-dose intravenous (IV) recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA), emergent neuroendovascular revascularization with carotid stenting and intracranial thrombectomy were performed under conscious sedation. Thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI)-3 flow restoration and symptom resolution were achieved postprocedure; however, complete carotid stent thrombosis was noted on final angiographic runs (25 minutes later), correlating with neurologic decline. Rapid administration of an intraarterial (IA) bolus dose of eptifibatide resulted in TIMI-3 flow restoration, with neurologic improvement. The patient was discharged three days postrevascularization on dual antiplatelet therapy with an NIHSS score of 1. Intraarterial (IA) eptifibatide can be an effective option for acute stent occlusion during emergent neuroendovascular revascularization after IV rtPA administration.
The High Energy Telescope on EXIST
Creators: name: Hong, J.
name: Grindlay, J. E.
name: Allen, B.
name: Barthelmy, S. D.
name: Skinner, G. K.
name: Gehrels, N.
name: Group, the EXIST HET Working
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Energetic X-ray Imaging Survey Telescope (EXIST) is a proposed next generation multi-wavelength survey mission. The primary instrument is a High Energy telescope (HET) that conducts the deepest survey for Gamma-ray Bursts (GRBs), obscured-accreting and dormant Supermassive Black Holes and Transients of all varieties for immediate followup studies by the two secondary instruments: a Soft X-ray Imager (SXI) and an Optical/Infrared Telescope (IRT). EXIST will explore the early Universe using high redshift GRBs as cosmic probes and survey black holes on all scales. The HET is a coded aperture telescope employing a large array of imaging CZT detectors (4.5 m^2, 0.6 mm pixel) and a hybrid Tungsten mask. We review the current HET concept which follows an intensive design revision by the HET imaging working group and the recent engineering studies in the Instrument and Mission Design Lab at the Goddard Space Flight Center. The HET will locate GRBs and transients quickly (<10-30 sec) and accurately (< 20") for rapid (< 1-3 min) onboard followup soft X-ray and optical/IR (0.3-2.2 micron) imaging and spectroscopy. The broad energy band (5-600 keV) and the wide field of view (~90 deg x 70 deg at 10% coding fraction) are optimal for capturing GRBs, obscured AGNs and rare transients. The continuous scan of the entire sky every 3 hours will establish a finely-sampled long-term history of many X-ray sources, opening up new possibilities for variability studies.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables, SPIE conference proceedings (UV, X-ray, and Gamma-Ray Space Instrumentation for Astronomy XVI, 7435-9)
Uncertainty in Conflicts between Societal Groups – A Social Psychological View
Creators: name: Zick, Andreas
name: Sandal-Önal, Elif
Publisher: name: Universität Bielefeld, Center for Uncertainty Studies (CeUS)
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 300

description: The central focus of the following working paper is a social-scientific and especially social- psychological understanding of the relation between the concept of uncertainty and conflicts between groups within a certain society. How can uncertainty be conceptualised (understood)? What is the meaning and role of uncertainty when we want to understand conflicts between groups? What can social psychology contribute to the questions: How do and which uncertainties influence conflicts, especially processes of constructive and destructive conflict regulation? By which group dynamics and mechanisms do groups navigate uncertainty in society? Shortly, conflicts and the regulation of societal conflicts are the central focus of this contribution to interdisciplinary uncertainty studies. The perspective we outline in the following is social psychological, i.e. we focus on conflicts between groups and their members. We focus on a psychological level. We try to understand individuals, their perceptions, emotions and behaviour. From this perspective, we differentiate between individual and collectively shared uncertainty; we propose a clearer differentiation of levels, types, sources and modes of navigation of uncertainty in group conflicts.
Decision Support Systems Architectures
Creators: name: Stanciu, Cristina Ofelia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents the main components of the decision assisting systems. Further on three types of architectures of these systems are described, analyzed, and respectively compared, namely: the network architecture, the centralized architecture and the hierarchical architecture.
description: 8 pages, exposed on 5th International Conference "Actualities and Perspectives on Hardware and Software" - APHS2009, Timisoara, Romania
Bumps, chimera states, and Turing patterns in systems of coupled active rotators
Creators: name: Wolfrum, Matthias
name: Omel'chenko, Oleh E.
name: Franović, Igor
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Pattern formation
subject: coupled oscillator systems
subject: 89.75.Fb
subject: 05.45.Xt

description: Self-organized coherence-incoherence patterns, called chimera states, have first been reported in systems of Kuramoto oscillators. For coupled excitable units, similar patterns where coherent units are at rest, are called bump states. Here, we study bumps in an array of active rotators coupled by non-local attraction and global repulsion. We demonstrate how they can emerge in a supercritical  scenario from completely coherent Turing patterns: a single incoherent unit appears in a homoclinic bifurcation, undergoing subsequent transitions to quasiperiodic and chaotic behavior, which eventually transforms into extensive chaos with many incoherent units. We present different types of transitions and explain the formation of coherence-incoherence patterns according to the classical paradigm of short-range activation and long-range inhibition.
Characterizing steroid catabolism and the associated metabolic toxicity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium abscessus
Creators: name: Krekhno, Jessica Maria Christine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium abscessus are related bacteria which are responsible for deadly infectious diseases. M. tuberculosis, the causative agent of Tuberculosis, remains an urgent global health concern, causing over 1.5 million deaths annually. M. abscessus, while less virulent, leads to severe illness in individuals suffering from compounding conditions, primarily Cystic Fibrosis. With the concern of drug-resistance in both pathogens, new treatment methods are urgently needed. One potential drug target in M. tuberculosis is the cholesterol catabolic pathway. This pathway involves successive enzymatic steps that degrade cholesterol into central metabolites used in growth and infection. Not all steps of the pathway have been characterized. Furthermore, disruption of some steps results in a cholesterol-dependent toxicity that was recently linked to CoASH depletion. In contrast to our understanding of cholesterol catabolism in M. tuberculosis, there is very little known about this pathway in M. abscessus. M. abscessus is predicted to possess similar pathways for cholesterol and 4-androstenedione (4-AD) catabolism, although nothing is known about their roles in pathogenesis. In Chapter 2 of this thesis, I validated the two predicted steroid catabolic pathways in M. abscessus and demonstrated that they converge at an unusual point. Furthermore, I established that steroid metabolism is essential for intracellular growth of M. abscessus. Chapter 3 describes the characterization of a key CoASH biosynthetic enzyme from M. tuberculosis and how the accumulation of steroid metabolites can lead to CoASH depletion and thus toxicity. Finally, Chapter 4 defined the yet uncharacterized opening of cholesterol Ring D by EchA20 and proposed a mechanism for ring hydrolysis. Overall, this research expands our understanding about how mycobacterial pathogens break down cholesterol and the role of this degradation in pathogenesis. The insights gained provide a basis for designing novel therapeutics against both M. tuberculosis and M. abscessus.
Leading-order decuplet contributions to the baryon magnetic moments in Chiral Perturbation Theory
Creators: name: Geng, L. S.
name: Camalich, J. Martin
name: Vacas, M. J. Vicente
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend an earlier study of the baryon magnetic moments in chiral perturbation theory by the explicit inclusion of the spin-3/2 decuplet resonances. We find that the corrections induced by these heavier degrees of freedom are relatively small in a covariant framework where unphysical spin-1/2 modes are removed. Consequently, implementing the leading SU(3)-breaking corrections given by both the baryon and decuplet contributions, we obtain a description of the baryon-octet magnetic moments that is better than the Coleman-Glashow relations. Finally, we discuss the uncertainties and compare between heavy baryon and covariant approaches.
description: Version published in Phys. Lett. B + typos corrected
Evaluating the environmental performance of black soldier fly meal and its potential use as a sustainable feed input in the egg industry : a life cycle assessment
Creators: name: Domínguez Aldama, Daniela
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Feed production is responsible for a major share of the environmental burdens of egg production. Identifying alternative, low-impact feed resources is therefore a priority for sustainability management in this sector. Valorization of biomass waste via insect production represents a promising strategy to produce a low-impact and high quality protein source for feeds. Among insect species, Black soldier fly (BSF) is the preferred option because of its higher feed conversion ratio and shorter growing cycle. In this context, the purpose of this study was to conduct a Life cycle assessment (LCA) to evaluate the environmental performance of Black soldier fly meal (BSFM) and to assess the sustainability potential of the use of BSFM as a feed input in Canadian egg production. Using a BSF commercial producer as a case study, the goal was to identify and evaluate opportunities to improve the environmental performance of the BFS products, as well as their potential to mitigate the environmental impacts of egg production when used in poultry feed. Different scenarios were evaluated based on varying scales of production, alternative technologies, and energy sources, as well as use of alternative substrates for larvae rearing. This study also highlights the importance of properly differentiating the agri-food co-products and wastes that are used as substrates in other food supply chains or in waste valorization contexts, such as for insect production. In support of improved consistency, a decision tree was formulated to guide LCA practitioners on how to model and allocate these materials based on the ISO 14044 definitions and allocation requirements. The overall results of the LCA showed that producing BSFM at an industrial scale could have important environmental benefits and trade-offs for the Canadian egg industry, depending primarily on the composition of the insect diet and the use of the co-products from BSF production.
Serological evidence of MERS-CoV and HKU8-related CoV co-infection in Kenyan camels
Creators: name: Zhang, Wei
name: Zheng, Xiao-Shuang
name: Agwanda, Bernard
name: Ommeh, Sheila
name: Zhao, Kai
name: Lichoti, Jacqueline
name: Wang, Ning
name: Chen, Jing
name: Li, Bei
name: Yang, Xing-Lou
name: Mani, Shailendra
name: Ngeiywa, Kisa-Juma
name: Zhu, Yan
name: Hu, Ben
name: Onyuok, Samson Omondi
name: Yan, Bing
name: Anderson, Danielle E.
name: Wang, Lin-Fa
name: Zhou, Peng
name: Shi, Zheng-Li
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Dromedary camels are important reservoir hosts of various coronaviruses, including Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) that cause human infections. CoV genomes regularly undergo recombination during infection as observed in bat SARS-related CoVs. Here we report for the first time that only a small proportion of MERS-CoV receptor-binding domain positive (RBD) of spike protein positive camel sera in Kenya were also seropositive to MERS-CoV nucleocapsid (NP). In contrast, many of them contain antibodies against bat HKU8-related (HKU8r)-CoVs. Among 584 camel samples that were positive against MERS-CoV RBD, we found only 0.48 (8.22%) samples were also positive for NP. Furthermore, we found bat HKU8r-CoV NP antibody in 73 (12.5%) of the MERS-CoV RBD positive and NP negative samples, yet found only 3 (0.43%) of the HKU8r-CoV S1 antibody in the same samples. These findings may indicate co-infection with MERS-CoV and a HKU8r-CoV in camels. It may also raise the possibility of the circulation of a recombinant coronavirus virus with the spike of MERS-CoV and the NP of a HKU8r-CoV in Kenya. We failed to find molecular evidence of an HKU8r-CoV or a putative recombinant virus. Our findings should alert other investigators to look for molecular evidence of HKU8r-CoV or recombinants.
title: Shaping the Future Towards a Solidary Refugee Resettlement in the European Union
Creators: name: Prantl, Janine
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: solidarity
subject: responsibility sharing
subject: refugee resettlement
subject: refugee policy
subject: US
subject: federalism

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2021 6(2), 1027-1048
description: I. Introduction. - II. The concept of refugee resettlement. - III. A Union based on solidarity and fair responsibility sharing? - IV. The EU can spur global refugee resettlement. - IV.1. The EU's competence to adopt legislation in the field of refugee resettlement. - IV.2. The EU can support but not replace EUMS' administration. - IV.3. The adoption of procedural rules that apply outside EU territory. - IV.4. The legal basis for a Union Resettlement Framework Regulation. - V. The US centralized and permanent resettlement framework. - VI. Failed attempts of solidarity and responsibility sharing in the EU. - VII. Conclusion.
description: Against the background of divergent resettlement policies of Member States of the European Union, the principle of solidarity and responsibility sharing has not been effectively realized in this field. Despite standardization efforts of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, the resettlement process lacks clear binding rules. So far, the EU has developed a common asylum policy rather than a common refugee policy, whereas resettlement forms part of the latter. One challenge consists of defining and consenting on a common EU resettlement framework, which is based on solidarity and responsibility sharing and adheres to international protection obligations. Looking at the US, the 1980 Refugee Act frames a permanent resettlement program, which is attributed to the federal government. Under this framework, the US has conducted extraterritorial selection of resettlement refugees for decades. This contribution argues that the US resettlement experience provides lessons to be learned for the expansion of EU governance in resettlement and establishment of a future EU resettlement framework.
The Role of Health Development Offices in Strengthening Fall Prevention for Elderly Health Preservation (Az Egészségfejlesztési Irodák szerepe az idősek egészségmegőrzésében az esésprevenció erejével)
Creators: name: Domjan, Peter
name: Enyedi, Kinga
name: Domjánné Opauszki, Zita
name: Vingender, Istvan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: We represented the Health Sciences Department of the Semmelweis University Doctoral School with a presentation titled ‘The Role of Health Development Offices in Strengthening Fall Prevention for Elderly Health Preservation’ on September 14, 2024, in Pécs, at the 14th Congress of the Hungarian Society of Physiotherapists and 1st International Conference (MGYFT). The research was conducted in collaboration with the Semmelweis University Heart and Vascular Centre and the Újbuda Saint Christopher Outpatient Care Centre’s Health Development Office.
Multi-Wavelength Properties of the Type IIb SN 2008ax
Creators: name: Roming, P. W. A.
name: Pritchard, T. A.
name: Brown, P. J.
name: Holland, S. T.
name: Immler, S.
name: Stockdale, C. J.
name: Weiler, K. W.
name: Panagia, N.
name: Van Dyk, S. D.
name: Hoversten, E. A.
name: Milne, P. A.
name: Oates, S. R.
name: Russell, B.
name: Vandrevala, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the UV, optical, X-ray, and radio properties of the Type IIb SN 2008ax discovered in NGC 4490. The observations in the UV are one of the earliest of a Type IIb supernova (SN). On approximately day four after the explosion, a dramatic upturn in the u and uvw1 (lambda_c = 2600 Angstroms) light curves occurred after an initial rapid decline which is attributed to adiabatic cooling after the initial shock breakout. This rapid decline and upturn is reminiscent of the Type IIb SN 1993J on day six after the explosion. Optical/near-IR spectra taken around the peak reveal prominent H-alpha, HeI, and CaII absorption lines. A fading X-ray source is also located at the position of SN 2008ax, implying an interaction of the SN shock with the surrounding circumstellar material and a mass-loss rate of the progenitor of M_dot = (9+/-3)x10^-6 solar masses per year. The unusual time evolution (14 days) of the 6 cm peak radio luminosity provides further evidence that the mass-loss rate is low. Combining the UV, optical, X-ray, and radio data with models of helium exploding stars implies the progenitor of SN 2008ax was an unmixed star in an interacting-binary. Modeling of the SN light curve suggests a kinetic energy (E_k) of 0.5x10^51 ergs, an ejecta mass (M_ej) of 2.9 solar masses, and a nickel mass (M_Ni) of 0.06 solar masses.
description: Accepted to ApJ Letters, 14 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
Formation of complex films with water-soluble CTAB molecules
Creators: name: Hussain, Syed Arshad
name: Biswas, S.
name: Nath, R. K.
name: Deb, S.
name: Bhattacharjee, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This communication reports the formation of complex Langmuir monolayer at the air-water interface with the water-soluble -trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) molecules when interacted with the stearic acid (SA) molecules. The reaction kinetics of the formation of the CTAB-SA complex was monitored by observing the surface pressure versus time graph. Multilayered LB films of this complex doped with congo red was successfully formed onto a quartz substrate. UV-Vis absorption and steady state fluorescence spectroscopic characteristics of this doped LB films confirms the successful incorporation of congo red molecules in to the CTAB-SA complex films.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
On posterior probability and significance level: application to the power spectrum of HD49933 observed by CoRoT
Creators: name: Appourchaux, T.
name: Samadi, R.
name: Dupret, M. -A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We emphasize that the mention of the significance level when rejecting the null hypothesis (H0) which assumes that what is observed is pure noise) can mislead one to think that the H0 hypothesis is unlikely to occur with that significance level. We show that the significance level has nothing to do with the posterior probability of H0 given the observed data set, and that this posterior probability is very much higher than what the significance level naively provides. We use Bayes theorem for deriving the posterior probability of H0 being true assuming an alternative hypothesis H1 that assumes that a mode is present, taking some prior for the mode height, for the mode amplitude and linewidth.We report the posterior probability of H0 for the p modes detected on HD49933 by CoRoT. We conclude that the posterior probability of H0 provide a much more conservative quantification of the mode detection than the significance level. This framework can be applied to any stellar power spectra similar to those obtained for asteroseismology.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, accepted by A&A, to be published in the CoRoT special isssue
Lophognatus gilbertii Gray liz.
Creators: name: Müller, F
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1885
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Sauria
Lophognatus
Lophognatus gilbertii

description: * Lophognathus gilbertii Gray liz.
♂♀ ang.
Süd-Australia v. F M. [2]
description: Published as part of Müller, F, 1885, Vierter Nachtrag zum Katalogder herpetologischen Sammlung des Basler Museums, pp. 668-717 in Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel. 7 (3) on page 712, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.part.2388, http://zenodo.org/record/15183591
The sensitivity of the population of states to the value of $q$ and the legitimate range of $q$ in Tsallis statistics
Creators: name: Nassimi, Ali M.
name: Parsafar, Gholamabbas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of the Tsallis statistical mechanics, for the spin-1/2 and the harmonic oscillator, we study the change of the population of states when the parameter $q$ is varied; the results show that the difference between predictions of the Boltzmann--Gibbs and Tsallis Statistics can be much smaller than the precision of any existing experiment. Also, the relation between the privilege of rare/frequent event and the value of $q$ is restudied. This relation is shown to be more complicated than the common belief about it. Finally, the convergence criteria of the partition function of some simple model systems, in the framework of Tsallis Statistical Mechanics, is studied; based on this study, we conjecture that $q \leq 1$, in the thermodynamic limit.
Nonparametric estimation of composite functions
Creators: name: Juditsky, Anatoli B.
name: Lepski, Oleg V.
name: Tsybakov, Alexandre B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62G05, 62G20 (Primary)

description: We study the problem of nonparametric estimation of a multivariate function $g:\mathbb {R}^d\to\mathbb{R}$ that can be represented as a composition of two unknown smooth functions $f:\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}$ and $G:\mathbb{R}^d\to \mathbb{R}$. We suppose that $f$ and $G$ belong to known smoothness classes of functions, with smoothness $γ$ and $β$, respectively. We obtain the full description of minimax rates of estimation of $g$ in terms of $γ$ and $β$, and propose rate-optimal estimators for the sup-norm loss. For the construction of such estimators, we first prove an approximation result for composite functions that may have an independent interest, and then a result on adaptation to the local structure. Interestingly, the construction of rate-optimal estimators for composite functions (with given, fixed smoothness) needs adaptation, but not in the traditional sense: it is now adaptation to the local structure. We prove that composition models generate only two types of local structures: the local single-index model and the local model with roughness isolated to a single dimension (i.e., a model containing elements of both additive and single-index structure). We also find the zones of ($γ$, $β$) where no local structure is generated, as well as the zones where the composition modeling leads to faster rates, as compared to the classical nonparametric rates that depend only to the overall smoothness of $g$.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/08-AOS611 the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)