cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Nachhaltiger Kulturwandel aus einem befristeten Programm? Erfahrungen aus dem Programm Hamburg Open Science
Creators: name: Finger, Juliane
name: Olschofsky, Konstantin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Open Science
Kulturwandel
Nutzer
Nachhaltigkeit

description: Viele aktuelle Initiativen im Bereich Open Access sind als Anschubfinanzierung angelegt, die in einen nachhaltigen Betrieb übergehen soll. Der Vortrag widmet sich der Frage, welche Wege gegangen werden können, um aus einem kurzfristig angelegten Projekt eine nachhaltige Entwicklung anzustoßen. Hierzu stellen wir die Erfahrungen aus dem hochschulübergreifenden Programm Hamburg Open Science dar. Im Fokus des Vortrags steht der nachhaltige Kulturwandel hin zu Open Science, das heißt die Anwendung neuer technischer Systeme und die Integration von Open Science in die alltägliche wissenschaftliche Praxis der Forschenden. Das Programm Hamburg Open Science wurde aufgrund des politischen Auftrags, öffentlich finanzierte Forschung frei zugänglich zu machen, ins Leben gerufen (siehe Koalitionsvertrag der SPD und Grünen in Hamburg, 2015). Das Programm ist befristet von 2018 bis 2020. Ziel des Programms ist die Schaffung einer technischen Infrastruktur, sowohl innerhalb der einzelnen Hamburger Hochschulen (beispielsweise Open-Access-Repositorien und Forschungsdatenmanagement) als auch hochschulübergreifend (beispielsweise Nutzung einer gemeinsamen Speicherinfrastruktur und Entwicklung eines Webportals für Publikationen und Forschungsdaten). Parallel zu der Bereitstellung technischer Infrastruktur sollen Forschende durch das Projekt Digitaler Kulturwandel dabei unterstützt werden, individuelle Open-Science-Strategien zu entwickeln und umzusetzen, z.B. in Form von Open-Access-Publikationen. Den nachhaltigen Betrieb der technischen Infrastruktur stellen die einzelnen Hochschulen sicher. Sehr viel komplexer ist die Aufgabe, einen Kulturwandel hin zu neuen, offenen wissenschaftlichen Praktiken nachhaltig zu entwickeln. Im Vortrag wird der Versuch einer Lösung dieser scheinbar unmöglichen Aufgabe vorgestellt und am Beispiel einer der teilnehmenden Hochschulen, der HafenCity Universität Hamburg, illustriert. Wir stellen vor, wie zunächst auf Basis einer Befragung die Ausgangs- und Bedarfslage der Forschenden erhoben wurde, und welche Maßnahmen auf dieser Basis in der Pilotphase, in der Laufzeit des Programms, umgesetzt werden. Außerdem stellen wir unsere Strategien vor, um für den Kulturwandel Strukturen zu schaffen, die auch nach Programmende weiter Bestand haben. Hierfür präsentieren wir zwei Szenarien: ein Idealszenario und ein Minimalszenario.
Improved evidence for a black hole in M32 from HST/FOS spectra - II. Axisymmetric dynamical models
Creators: name: van der Marel, R. P.
name: Cretton, N.
name: de Zeeuw, P. T.
name: Rix, H. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Axisymmetric dynamical models are constructed for the E3 galaxy M32 to interpret high spatial resolution stellar kinematical HST data. Models are studied with two-integral phase-space distribution functions, and with fully general three- integral distribution functions. The latter are built using a new extension of Schwarzschild's orbit superposition approach. Models are constructed for inclinations of 90 and 55 degrees. No model without a nuclear dark object can fit the combined ground-based and HST data, independent of the dynamical structure of M32. Models with a nuclear dark object of 3.4 x 10^6 solar masses do provide an excellent fit. The inclined models provide the best fit, but the inferred dark mass does not depend sensitively on the assumed inclination. The models that best fit the data are not two-integral models, but like two-integral models they are azimuthally anisotropic. An extended dark object can fit the data only if its half-mass radius is r_h < 0.08 arcsec (=0.26 pc), implying a central dark matter density exceeding 1 x 10^8 solar masses / pc^3. This density is high enough to rule out most plausible alternatives to a massive black hole. The dynamically inferred dark mass is identical to that suggested by existing adiabatic black hole growth models for HST photometry of M32. The low activity of M32 implies either that only a very small fraction of the gas that is shed by evolving stars is accreted onto the black hole, or that accretion proceeds at very low efficiency, e.g. in an advection-dominated mode. (shortened version)
description: 42 pages, LaTeX, with 15 PostScript figures. Submitted to the Astrophysical Journal. Postscript version with higher resolution figures available from http://www.sns.ias.edu/~marel/abstracts/abs_R21.html
Structural and electrical characterization of NbO2 thin film vertical devices grown on TiN-coated SiO2/Si substrates
Creators: name: Joshi, Toyanath
name: Borisov, Pavel
name: Lederman, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the electrical properties of polycrystalline NbO2 thin film vertical devices grown on TiN coated SiO2/Si substrates using pulsed laser deposition. First, we analyzed the thickness and contact size dependences of threshold switching of NbO2 films grown in 10 mTorr Ar/O2 mixed growth pressure, where 25.1%/74.9% of NbO2/Nb2O5 surface composition content was estimated by ex-situ x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The leakage current properties in the insulating state were dominated by trap-charge assisted Poole-Frankel conduction mechanism. The threshold switching and self-sustained current oscillatory behavior of films with different NbO2/Nb2O5 composition ratios was measured and analyzed. The second film was grown in lower (1 mTorr) growth pressure which resulted in a higher (34.2%/65.8%) NbO2/Nb2O5 film surface composition. The film grown in higher growth pressure demonstrated lower off-state leakage current, faster switching and self-sustained oscillations with higher frequency than the film grown in lower growth pressure.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures
Nonrelativistic Conformal Field Theories in the Large Charge Sector
Creators: name: Kravec, S. M.
name: Pal, Sridip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study Schrödinger invariant field theories (nonrelativistic conformal field theories) in the large charge (particle number) sector. We do so by constructing the effective field theory (EFT) for a Goldstone boson of the associated $U(1)$ symmetry in a harmonic potential. This EFT can be studied semi-classically in a large charge expansion. We calculate the dimensions of the lowest lying operators, as well as correlation functions of charged operators. We find universal behavior of three point function in large charge sector. We comment on potential applications to fermions at unitarity and critical anyon systems.
description: 24 pages
Human Needs and Well Being. Implications for conceptualizing services and the SFS nexus
Creators: name: Görg, Christoph
name: Mayer, Andreas
name: Plank, Christina
name: Haberl, Helmut
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: Presentation on "Human Needs and Well-Being Implications for conceptualizing services and the SFS" nexus given at Expert Workshop - Conceptualizing services and the stock-flow-service nexus, 22 & 23 October 2018, Institute of Social Ecology
Tunable electron scattering mechanism in plasmonic SrMoO$_3$ thin films
Creators: name: Prasetiyawati, Rahma Dhani
name: Jeong, Seung Gyo
name: Park, Chan-Koo
name: Song, Sehwan
name: Park, Sungkyun
name: Park, Tuson
name: Choi, Woo Seok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: 4d transition metal perovskite oxides serve as suitable testbeds for the study of strongly correlated metallic properties. Among these, $SrMoO_{3}$ (SMO) exhibits remarkable electrical conductivity at room temperature. The temperature-dependent resistivity $(ρ(T))$ exhibits a Fermi-liquid behavior below the transition temperature $T^{*}$, reflecting the dominant electron-electron interaction. Above $T^{*}$, electron-phonon interaction becomes more appreciable. In this study, we employed the power-law scaling of $ρ(T)$ to rigorously determine the $T^{*}$. We further demonstrate that the $T^{*}$ can be modified substantially by ~40 K in epitaxial thin films. It turns out that the structural quality determines $T^{*}$. Whereas the plasma frequency could be tuned by the change in the electron-electron interaction via the effective mass enhancement, we show that the plasmonic properties are more directly governed by the electron-impurity scattering. The facile control of the electron scattering mechanism through structural quality modulation can be useful for plasmonic sensing applications in the visible region.
Re-examination of the Perturbative Pion Form Factor with Sudakov Suppression
Creators: name: Cao, Fu-guang
name: Huang, Tao
name: Luo, Chuan-wang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The perturbative pion form factor with Sudakov suppression is re-examined. Taking into account the multi-gluon exchange in the law $Q^2$ regions, we suggest that the running coupling constant should be frozen at $α_s(t=\sqrt{})$ and $\sqrt{}$ is the average transverse momentum which can be determined by the pionic wave function. In addition, we correct the previous calculations about the Sudakov suppression factor which plays an important role in the perturbative predictions for the pion form factor.
description: 11 pages, LaTex file, 2 figures as uu-encoded postscript file.
Supplementary document for Arithmetic logic unit based on the metastructure with coherent absorption - 6820223.pdf
Creators: name: Zhou, Jia-Hao
name: Sui, Junyang
name: Chen, Qi
name: Zhang, HaiFeng
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental material

This is an updated supplemental document, uploaded in conjunction with an erratum to be published in Optics Letters.
Physical Conditions of the Coronal Line Region in Seyfert Galaxies
Creators: name: Ferguson, Jason W.
name: Korista, Kirk T.
name: Ferland, Gary J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The launch of the Infrared Space Observatory and new atomic data have opened a window to the study of high ionization gas in active galactic nuclei (AGN). We present the results of a large number of photoionization simulations of the ``coronal line'' region in AGN, employing new atomic data from the Opacity and Iron Projects. Our grid of line emission spans 8 orders of magnitude in gas density and 14 orders of magnitude in ionizing flux in an effort to identify the optimal conditions in which these lines form. We show that coronal lines form at distances from just outside the broad line region to ~400L_{43.5}^{1/2} pc, in gas with ionization parameter -2.0 < log U(H) < 0.75, corresponding to gas densities of 10$^2$ to 10$^{8.5}$ cm$^{-3}$, with electron temperatures ~12,000K -- 150,000K. A large range of distances from the central source implies significant line width variation among the coronal lines. We identify several line ratios which could be used to measure relative abundances, and we use these to show that the coronal line gas is likely to be dust free.
description: 18 pages plus 6 postscript figures, to appear in the June ApJS
Wooden timber maintenance on the Great House, Compound A
Creators: name: Spencer, Donald L.
name: H. David Evans
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Classic Period
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/125/classic-period
subject: Hohokam
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/21/hohokam
subject: Archaeological Feature
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/339/archaeological-feature
subject: Non-Domestic Structures
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/309/non-domestic-structures
subject: Domestic Structure or Architectural Complex
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/251/domestic-structure-or-architectural-complex
subject: Wood
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/15/wood
subject: Ceramic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/1/ceramic
subject: Building Materials
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/8/building-materials
subject: Architectural Documentation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/16/architectural-documentation
subject: Historic Background Research
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/18/historic-background-research
subject: Collections Research
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/3/collections-research
subject: Data Recovery / Excavation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/5/data-recovery-excavation
subject: Site Evaluation / Testing
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/10/site-evaluation-testing
subject: Site Stabilization
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/11/site-stabilization

description: These documents are: a form for assessment of action that would impact cultural resources in the Great House in Compound A at the Casa Grande Ruins National Monument and a document supporting the proposed action. The recommendation supports replaced areas on a rotting timber with wood as opposed to epoxy.
Two Different Grain Size Distributions within the Protoplanetary Disk around HD 142527 Revealed by ALMA Polarization Observation
Creators: name: Ohashi, Satoshi
name: Kataoka, Akimasa
name: Nagai, Hiroshi
name: Momose, Munetake
name: Muto, Takayuki
name: Hanawa, Tomoyuki
name: Fukagawa, Misato
name: Tsukagoshi, Takashi
name: Murakawa, Kohji
name: Shibai, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of polarized emission from protoplanetary disks is uncertain. Three mechanisms have been proposed for such polarized emission: grain alignment with magnetic fields, grain alignment with radiation gradients, and self-scattering of thermal dust emission. Aiming to observationally identify the polarization mechanisms, we present ALMA polarization observations of the 0.87 mm dust continuum emission toward the circumstellar disk around HD 142527 with high spatial resolution. We confirm that the polarization vectors in the northern region are consistent with self-scattering. Furthermore, we show that the polarization vectors in the southern region are consistent with grain alignment by magnetic fields, although self-scattering cannot be ruled out. To understand the differences between the polarization mechanisms, we propose a simple grain size segregation model: small dust grains ($\lesssim$ 100 microns) are dominant and aligned with magnetic fields in the southern region, and middle-sized ($\sim100$ microns) grains in the upper layer emit self-scattered polarized emission in the northern region. The grain size near the middle plane in the northern region cannot be measured because the emission at 0.87 mm is optically thick. However, it can be speculated that larger dust grains ($\gtrsim$ cm) may accumulate near this plane. These results are consistent with those of a previous analysis of the disk, in which large grain accumulation and optically thick emission from the northern region were found. This model is also consistent with theories where smaller dust grains are aligned with magnetic fields. The magnetic fields are toroidal, at least in the southern region.
description: 24 pages, 21 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in ApJ
Confining Properties of the Homogeneous Self-Dual Field and the Effective Potential in SU(2) Yang-Mills Theory
Creators: name: Efimov, G. V.
name: Kalloniatis, A. C.
name: Nedelko, S. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine in non-Abelian gauge theory the heavy quark limit in the presence of the (anti-)self-dual homogeneous background field and see that a confining potential emerges, consistent with the Wilson criterion, although the potential is quadratic and not linear in the quark separation. This builds upon the well-known feature that propagators in such a background field are entire functions. The way in which deconfinement can occur at finite temperature is then studied in the static temporal gauge by calculation of the effective potential at high temperature. Finally we discuss the problems to be surmounted in setting up the calculation of the effective potential nonperturbatively on the lattice.
description: 31 pages, LaTeX, expanded discussion and derivations in Sections 2 and 4
Towards Explainable Harmful Meme Detection through Multimodal Debate between Large Language Models
Creators: name: Lin, Hongzhan
name: Luo, Ziyang
name: Gao, Wei
name: Ma, Jing
name: Wang, Bo
name: Yang, Ruichao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The age of social media is flooded with Internet memes, necessitating a clear grasp and effective identification of harmful ones. This task presents a significant challenge due to the implicit meaning embedded in memes, which is not explicitly conveyed through the surface text and image. However, existing harmful meme detection methods do not present readable explanations that unveil such implicit meaning to support their detection decisions. In this paper, we propose an explainable approach to detect harmful memes, achieved through reasoning over conflicting rationales from both harmless and harmful positions. Specifically, inspired by the powerful capacity of Large Language Models (LLMs) on text generation and reasoning, we first elicit multimodal debate between LLMs to generate the explanations derived from the contradictory arguments. Then we propose to fine-tune a small language model as the debate judge for harmfulness inference, to facilitate multimodal fusion between the harmfulness rationales and the intrinsic multimodal information within memes. In this way, our model is empowered to perform dialectical reasoning over intricate and implicit harm-indicative patterns, utilizing multimodal explanations originating from both harmless and harmful arguments. Extensive experiments on three public meme datasets demonstrate that our harmful meme detection approach achieves much better performance than state-of-the-art methods and exhibits a superior capacity for explaining the meme harmfulness of the model predictions.
description: The first work towards explainable harmful meme detection by harnessing advanced LLMs
Quantum Hadrodynamics: Evolution and Revolution
Creators: name: Furnstahl, R. J.
name: Serot, Brian D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The underlying philosophy and motivation for quantum hadrodynamics (QHD), namely, relativistic field theories of nuclear phenomena featuring manifest covariance, have evolved over the last quarter century in response to successes, failures, and sharp criticisms. A recent revolution in QHD, based on modern effective field theory and density functional theory perspectives, explains the successes, provides antidotes to the failures, rebuts the criticisms, and focuses the arguments in favor of a covariant representation.
description: 18 pages, RevTeX; references added and minor editorial changes; submitted to Comments on Modern Physics
Modification of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction stabilized domain wall chirality by driving currents
Creators: name: Karnad, G. V.
name: Freimuth, F.
name: Martinez, E.
name: Conte, R. Lo
name: Gubbiotti, G.
name: Schulz, T.
name: Senz, S.
name: Ocker, B.
name: Mokrousov, Y.
name: Kläui, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure and analyze the chirality of the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) stabilized spin textures in multilayers of Ta/Co$_{20}$Fe$_{60}$B$_{20}$/MgO. The effective DMI is measured experimentally using domain wall motion measurements, both in the presence (using spin orbit torques) and absence of driving currents (using magnetic fields). We observe that the current-induced domain wall motion yields a change in effective DMI magnitude and opposite domain wall chirality when compared to field-induced domain wall motion (without current). We explore this effect, which we refer to as current-induced DMI, by providing possible explanations for its emergence, and explore the possibilty of its manifestation in the framework of recent theoretical predictions of DMI modifications due to spin currents.
Interdiszciplináris műszaki gyakorlatok az informatikatanár szakon
Creators: name: Makan, Gergely
name: Dóra, Antal
name: Mingesz, Robert
name: Gingl, Zoltan
name: Kopasz, Katalin
name: Mellár, János Zsolt
name: Vadai, Gergely
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 130306 Educational Technology and Computing
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: Education
subject: 130313 Teacher Education and Professional Development of Educators

description: A technikai fejlődésnek köszönhetően az eszközök egyre nagyobb része elektronikus, működésükért szoftverek felelősek. Mivel az eszközök a külvilág jeleit érzékelik, és ezek feldolgozásával végeznek beavatkozást, az informatika egyre inkább interdiszciplináris jellegűvé válik. A hétköznapi eszközök technológiája, az autóipar, az Ipar 4.0, az IoT – Internet of Things, dolgok internete – az informatika mellett épít a műszaki, elektronikai, fizikai, biológiai és más területekre is. Ennek megfelelően fontos, hogy a képzésekben is megjelenjen ez az interdiszciplináris jelleg, a hallgatók alapvető ismeretekhez juthassanak kapcsolódó műszaki megoldásokban, aminek később, a tanári pályájuk során is hasznát vehetik. Fontos kiemelni, hogy bár az eszközök fejlődése továbbra is igen gyors, a működési elvek nem változnak, így az utóbbiak oktatása egyre fontosabb, szemben egy-egy adott fejlesztőkörnyezet, szoftver vagy hardver használatának tanításával. A fenti elvek követésével különböző területekhez tartozó gyakorlatokat dolgoztunk ki az informatikatanár-képzésünk támogatására. A laboratóriumi gyakorlatok során létrehozzák az áramköri kapcsolásokat, megírják a szoftvereket és gyakorolják a be-ágyazott szoftverfejlesztés alapvető módszereit is. Egy hétköznapi, egy iparhoz kötődő és egy orvosi méréshez és jelfeldolgozáshoz tartozó példán keresztül mutatjuk be, hogyan értik meg és tanulják meg a hallgatók a legfontosabb elveket. Az élményszerű tanulás jobban motiválja a hallgatókat, segíti a rendszerszintű megértést, a kreativitás fejlesztését. Tapasztalataink alapján a hallgatók magabiztossága is erősödik a modern műszaki rendszerek használatakor, amit különösen fontosnak tartunk.
INFLATION INDUCED SUSY BREAKING AND FLAT VACUUM DIRECTIONS
Creators: name: Dvali, Gia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss how the inflation induced supersymmetry breaking affects the flat directions of SUSY vacua. We show that under general assumptions all gauge nonsinglet fields, parameterizing flat directions (and in particular squarks and sleptons), get large $radiative$ masses which are related to the value of the Hubble constant ($H$) and to the expectation value of the inflaton field. This mass (typically $\sim H$) is of ``non-gravitational'' origin and does not vanishes in the global SUSY limit. Large radiative corrections are induced by $F$-term (or $D$-term) density, which dominates the inflationary universe and strongly breaks supersymmetry. In such theories it is difficult to treat squarks and sleptons as the light fields in the inflationary period. In the generic supergravity theories all flat directions, including moduli, are getting curvature of order the Hubble constant. However, for the gauge-nonsinglet flat directions radiative contribution to the curvature (induced by renormalizable gauge interactions) may be dominant.
description: 16 pages, Latex
การประเมินสภาพแวดล้อมภายในร้านรับซื้อของเก่าโดยพนักงานที่ทำงานสัมผัสกับขยะและประชาชนที่อาศัยในบริเวณข้างเคียงร้านรับซื้อของเก่า ตำบลท่าทอง อำเภอเมือง จังหวัดพิษณุโลก
Creators: name: สุนิสา นักดนตรี
Publisher: name: สถาบันวิจัย จัดการความรู้ และมาตรฐานการควบคุมโรค
Year: 2560
Subjects: การประเมินสภาพแวดล้อม
ร้านรับซื้อของเก่า
การสุขาภิบาลร้านรับซื้อของเก่า

description: วารสารควบคุมโรค, 43, 1, 56-65
Classification of Radiologically Isolated Syndrome and Clinically Isolated Syndrome with Machine-Learning Techniques
Creators: name: Mato-Abad, V
name: Labiano-Fontcuberta, A
name: Rodriguez-Yanez, S
name: Garcia-Vazquez, R
name: Munteanu, CR
name: Andrade-Garda, J
name: Domingo-Santos, A
name: Sanchez-Seco, V Galan
name: Aladro, Y
name: Martinez-Gines, ML
name: Ayuso, L
name: Benito-Leon, J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Background and purpose: The unanticipated detection by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the brain of asymptomatic subjects of white matter lesions suggestive of multiple sclerosis (MS) has been named radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS). As the difference between early MS [i.e. clinically isolated syndrome (CIS)] and RIS is the occurrence of a clinical event, it is logical to improve detection of the subclinical form without interfering with MRI as there are radiological diagnostic criteria for that. Our objective was to use machine-learning classification methods to identify morphometric measures that help to discriminate patients with RIS from those with CIS.
 Methods: We used a multimodal 3-T MRI approach by combining MRI biomarkers (cortical thickness, cortical and subcortical grey matter volume, and white matter integrity) of a cohort of 17 patients with RIS and 17 patients with CIS for single-subject level classification.
 Results: The best proposed models to predict the diagnosis of CIS and RIS were based on the Naive Bayes, Bagging and Multilayer Perceptron classifiers using only three features: the left rostral middle frontal gyrus volume and the fractional anisotropy values in the right amygdala and right lingual gyrus. The Naive Bayes obtained the highest accuracy [overall classification, 0.765; area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC), 0.782].
 Conclusions: A machine-learning approach applied to multimodal MRI data may differentiate between the earliest clinical expressions of MS (CIS and RIS) with an accuracy of 78%.
 Keywords: Bagging; Multilayer Perceptron; Naive Bayes classifier; clinically isolated syndrome; diffusion tensor imaging; machine-learning; magnetic resonance imaging; multiple sclerosis; radiologically isolated syndrome.
description: 24 pages, 2 tables
Small-N collisional dynamics IV: Order in the realm of not-so-small-N
Creators: name: Leigh, Nathan W. C.
name: Geller, Aaron M.
name: Shara, Michael M.
name: Baugher, Lukas
name: Hierro, Vianny
name: Ferreira, De'Andre
name: Teperino, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, the fourth in the series, we continue our study of combinatorics in chaotic Newtonian dynamics. We focus once again on the chaotic four-body problem in Newtonian gravity assuming finite-sized particles, and interactions that produce direct collisions between any two particles. Our long-term goal is to predict the probability of a given collision event occurring over the course of an interaction, as a function of the numbers and properties of the particles. In previous papers, we varied the number of interacting particles, as well as the distributions of particle radii and masses. Here, we refine the methods developed in these preceding studies, and arrive at a final and robust methodology that can be used to study collisional dynamics in a variety of astrophysical contexts, ranging from stars in star clusters, galaxies in galaxy groups and clusters and even the collisional growth of planetesimals in protoplanetary disks. We further present and refine the concept of a Collision Rate Diagram (CRD), the primary tool we use to quantify the relative rates for different collision scenarios to occur. The agreement between our final theoretical model and the results of numerical scattering simulations is excellent.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, 1 table; accepted for publication in MNRAS
Polarized parton distributions in perturbative QCD
Creators: name: Ridolfi, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the main results of next-to-leading order QCD analyses of polarized deep-inelastic scattering data, with special attention to the assessment of theoretical uncertainties.
description: 4 pages Latex, 1 ps figure. Talk given at NUCLEON '99, Frascati(Italy), June 7-9 1999
Locally Optimally-emitting Clouds and the Narrow Emission Lines in Seyfert Galaxies
Creators: name: Ferguson, Jason W.
name: Korista, Kirk T.
name: Baldwin, Jack A.
name: Ferland, Gary J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The narrow emission line spectra of active galactic nuclei are not accurately described by simple photoionization models of single clouds. Recent Hubble Space Telescope images of Seyfert 2 galaxies show that these objects are rich with ionization cones, knots, filaments, and strands of ionized gas. Here we extend to the narrow line region the ``locally optimally emitting cloud'' (LOC) model, in which the observed spectra are predominantly determined by powerful selection effects. We present a large grid of photoionization models covering a wide range of physical conditions and show the optimal conditions for producing many of the strongest emission lines. We show that the integrated narrow line spectrum can be predicted by an integration of an ensemble of clouds, and we present these results in the form of diagnostic line ratio diagrams making comparisons with observations. We also predict key diagnostic line ratios as a function of distance from the ionizing source, and compare these to observations. The predicted radial dependence of the [O III]/[O II] ratio may be matched to the observed one in NGC4151, if the narrow line clouds see a more intense continuum than we see. The LOC scenario when coupled with a simple Keplerian gravitational velocity field will quite naturally predict the observed line width versus critical density relationship. The influence of dust within the ionized portion of the clouds is discussed and we show that the more neutral gas is likely to be dusty, although a high ionization dust-free region is most likely present too. This argues for a variety of NLR cloud origins.
description: 29 pages plus 16 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Sample size estimation for power and accuracy in the experimental comparison of algorithms
Creators: name: Campelo, Felipe
name: Takahashi, Fernanda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Experimental comparisons of performance represent an important aspect of research on optimization algorithms. In this work we present a methodology for defining the required sample sizes for designing experiments with desired statistical properties for the comparison of two methods on a given problem class. The proposed approach allows the experimenter to define desired levels of accuracy for estimates of mean performance differences on individual problem instances, as well as the desired statistical power for comparing mean performances over a problem class of interest. The method calculates the required number of problem instances, and runs the algorithms on each test instance so that the accuracy of the estimated differences in performance is controlled at the predefined level. Two examples illustrate the application of the proposed method, and its ability to achieve the desired statistical properties with a methodologically sound definition of the relevant sample sizes.
description: Main text: 31 pages, 5 figures; Supplemental materials: 20 pages, 3 figures; Submitted to the Journal of Heuristics on October 2017
MOESM1 of The diversity and commonalities of the radiation-resistance mechanisms of Deinococcus and its up-to-date applications
Creators: name: Jin, Mengmeng
name: Xiao, Anqi
name: Zhu, Liying
name: Zhang, Zhidong
name: Huang, He
name: Jiang, Ling
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Strains of the genus Deinococcus.
Comparison of Two Formulations for Computing Body Surface Potential Maps
Creators: name: Lagracie, Emma
name: Weynans, Lisl
name: Coudière, Yves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In order to establish a link between the activation map and the body surface signals, we want to compute body potentials from activation maps and a frontlike approximation of the activation of the heart. To do so, two formulations that map the extracardiac potential from the transmembrane voltage naturally emerge from the bidomain model. Either the extracellular/extracardiac potential solves a Laplace equation with discontinuous conductivity coefficient and ionic current as a source (Source Formulation F1); or the quasi-stationary electrical balance between the intra- and extracellular fields (Balance Formulation F2). In this work, we compare F1 and F2, to determine which formulation is the most relevant to use. We compute reference activation map $ψ$ , transmembrane voltage $v$ and body surface map $u$ with a bidomain 2D code. We design two alternative shapes $\tilde{v}$ for a frontlike approximation of $v$ . Afterwards, two extracellular / extracardiac potentials are computed from the activation time $ψ$ and $\tilde{v}$ , using the two different formulations. Then the extracardiac potentials solutions of F1 and F2 are compared respectively to the solution of the bidomain $u$ . Results show that the Balance Formulation F2 is robust to the input data ($\tilde{v}$ and $ψ$). On the contrary, the Source Formulation F1 is very unstable and generates very large errors on the body surface map.
description: 2023 Computing in Cardiology Conference, Oct 2023, Atlanta, France
Boris Stoicheff - Bibliography from Boris Peter Stoicheff. 1 June 1924 — 15 April 2010
Creators: name: Driel, Henry M. Van
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 90506 Structural Engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: Boris Stoicheff was a pioneer in the use of high-resolution Raman spectroscopy at the National Research Council of Canada to elucidate the structural properties of molecules. He was also one of the first scientists to apply lasers to spectroscopy, investigating spontaneous and stimulated Raman and Brillouin scattering in liquids and solids at the University of Toronto. He later extended the range of tunable coherent sources into the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) and extreme ultraviolet (XUV) regions down to 80 nm, allowing investigations of electronic states and their lifetimes for rare gas dimers. He authored 190 research and review articles as well as a biography of his postdoctoral mentor and later his senior colleague, Gerhard Herzberg. He used his keen insight, warm personality and strong personal skills to serve the scientific community in numerous administrative roles, including terms as president of the Canadian Association of Physicists and the Optical Society of America. His 24 PhD graduates and more than 20 postdoctoral fellows and visitors, all of whom benefitted from his strong mentoring skills and high standards, have gone on to prominent positions in academia, government and industry.
Inertia of Heat in Advective Accretion Disks around Kerr Black Holes
Creators: name: Beloborodov, A. M.
name: Abramowicz, M. A.
name: Novikov, I. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the innermost region of the advective accretion disk orbiting a black hole of high spin, the inertia of heat stored in the accreting gas is comparable to that of the gas rest mass itself. Accounting for this effect, we derive additional terms in the disk structure equations, and show that the heat inertia plays a significant role in the global energy conservation and dynamics of accretion in the relativistic advective disks.
description: 6 pages, Latex, submitted to ApJL
Evaluation of the power frequency magnetic field generated by three-core armored cables through 3D finite element simulations
Creators: name: del-Pino-López, Juan Carlos
name: Cruz-Romero, Pedro
name: Bravo-Rodríguez, Juan Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The great expansion in offshore power plants is raising the concern regarding the cumulative effect of the electromagnetic field emissions caused by submarine power cables. In this sense, owners are required to predict these emissions during the permitting and consenting process of new power plants. This is a challenging task, especially in the case of HVAC three-core armored cables due to their complex geometry. Customarily, 2D approaches based on the finite element method (FEM) have been employed for evaluating the magnetic field emissions caused by these cables. However, inaccurate results are obtained since the phase conductors and armor twisting is omitted. This work develops, for the first time in the literature, an in-depth analysis of the magnetic field caused by this type of cable through an ultra-shortened 3D-FEM model, which is also faced to experimental measurements taken on an actual 132 kV, 800 mm2 three-core armored cable. Relevant conclusions are derived regarding the impact of the cable design on the magnetic field emissions, including material properties, as well as single and double-layer armors, presenting the proposed model not only as a valuable tool for predicting purposes, but also for optimizing cable design in terms of magnetic field emissions.
A power series identity and Bessel-type integrals over unitary groups
Creators: name: He, Jimmy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 22E30, Secondary 15B52, 05E05, 32A05

description: In 2008, Lehner, Wettig, Guhr and Wei conjectured a power series identity and showed that it implied a determinantal formula for a Bessel-type integral over the unitary supergroup. The integral is the supersymmetric extension of Bessel-type integrals over the unitary group appearing as partition functions in quantum chromodynamics. The identity is proved by interpreting both sides as the same unitary integral, which can be computed using the Cartan decomposition. An equivalent identity of Schur functions is also given and interpreted probabilistically.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure. Comments are welcome!
Conference Introduction and Overview - Identifying the next challenges in ichneumonid systematics and evolutionary ecology
Creators: name: Klopfstein, Seraina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Introduction and overview (including conference program and a list of speakers) from the conference "Identifying the next challenges in ichneumonid systematics and evolutionary ecology", which took place in Basel, Switzerland, 24-28 June 2019.
Double Penguins and the Contribution of Vector Meson--like States to the Decays $B \to K^* γ, \, B \to ργ$
Creators: name: Milana, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using perturbative QCD, the contribution at the leading twist, leading $α_s$ level, of charm and up quark loops to the decays $B \rightarrow K^* γ$ and $B \rightarrow ργ$ is presented. In the case of $B \rightarrow ργ$, the relative importance of these contributions depend upon the unknown CKM matrix elements $V_{bu}$ and $V_{td}$. Assuming that the ratio $r = V_{bc}V^*_{cd}/V_{bt}V^*_{td}$ is bounded between $-2.25 \le r \le -.5$ as is suggested by the Particle Data Group, the error in extracting $ |V_{td}/V_{ts}| $ by these decays is estimated.
description: 4 double column pages, revtex, 3 figures attached, 2 figures added indicating less optimism concerning the accuracy at which $|V_{td}/V_{ts}|$ can be extracted: to appear in PRD
Translated article: Intensive Expositionsbehandlung bei Angststörungen in einem spezialisierten tagesklinischen Versorgungssetting
Creators: name: Noack, R.
name: Schmidt, R.
name: Lorenz, T.
name: Rottstaedt, F.
name: Beiling, P.
name: Schurig, S.
name: Ritschel, G.
name: Weidner, K.
Publisher: name: Karger Publishers
Year: 2018
Subjects: Medicine

description: Hintergrund: Angststörungen sind häufig, oft chronifizierend, jedoch auch gut behandelbar. Leitlinienbehandlung ist die auf Exposition fokussierende Verhaltenstherapie. In der ambulanten Versorgungspraxis finden Expositionen jedoch selten statt. Die Angst-Tagesklinik am Universitätsklinikum Dresden realisiert die evidenzbasierte Behandlung von Angststörungen. In einer 5-wöchigen Kurzzeitbehandlung werden wöchentlich 4 begleitete und zeitoffene Expositionssitzungen durchgeführt. Untersucht wurden die Symptomverläufe und die Responder-Raten. Methoden: Zu Therapieaufnahme und -ende sowie zur Katamnese nach 3 Monaten und 1 Jahr wurde die Entwicklung der Symptombelastung bei n = 332 PatientInnen untersucht, die von 2009 bis 2015 behandelt wurden. Etwa zwei Drittel waren psychotherapeutisch vorbehandelt. Eingesetzt wurden spezifische etablierte Fragebögen. Berechnet wurden Mixed Models, Effektstärken und Responder-Raten. Ergebnisse: 90% der PatientInnen schlossen die Behandlung regulär ab. Es zeigten sich signifikante Linderungen bei Belastungen durch Angst- und depressive Symptome. Die höchsten Effektstärken um 0,9 ergaben sich bei verhaltensbezogenen Skalen und besonders bei den Agoraphobien und Panikstörungen, die die größte Störungsgruppe ausmachen. Die Responseraten lagen bei 60%. Zu den Katamnesezeitpunkten waren die Symptomverbesserungen stabil und bei den kognitiven Symptomen weiter steigend. Schlussfolgerungen: Die Behandlung in spezialisierten (teil)stationären Versorgungssettings mit Fokus auf hochfrequente Exposition, wie hier beispielhaft vorgestellt, zeigt eine gute Akzeptanz und gute bis sehr gute und längerfristig stabile Veränderungen der Symptombelastung. Diese Settings erfordern eine besondere strukturelle Ausstattung und Ressourcen.
Effects of loss on the phase sensitivity with parity detection in an SU(1,1) interferometer
Creators: name: Li, Dong
name: Yuan, Chun-hua
name: Yao, Yao
name: Jiang, Wei
name: Li, Mo
name: Zhang, Weiping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study the effects of loss on the phase sensitivity of an SU(1,1) interferometer with parity detection with various input states. We show that although the sensitivity of phase estimation decreases in the presence of loss, it can still beat the shot-noise limit with small loss. To examine the performance of parity detection, the comparison is performed among homodyne detection, intensity detection, and parity detection. Compared with homodyne detection and intensity detection, parity detection has a slight better optimal phase sensitivity in the absence of loss, but has a worse optimal phase sensitivity with a significant amount of loss with one-coherent state or coherent $\otimes$ squeezed state input.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
NAT1 genetic variation increases asthma risk in children with secondhand smoke exposure
Creators: name: Brooks, Cassandra C.
name: Martin, Lisa J.
name: Pilipenko, Valentina
name: He, Hua
name: LeMasters, Grace K.
name: Lockey, James E.
name: Bernstein, David I.
name: Ryan, Patrick H.
name: Hershey, Gurjit K. Khurana
name: Myers, Jocelyn M. Biagini
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: We previously reported that children exposed to secondhand smoke (SHS) that carried variants in the NAT1 gene had over two-fold higher hair cotinine levels. Our objective was to determine if NAT1 polymorphisms confer increased risk for developing asthma in children exposed to SHS. White participants in the Cincinnati Childhood Allergy and Air Pollution Study (n = 359) were genotyped for 10 NAT1 variants. Smoke exposure was defined by hair cotinine and parental report. Asthma was objectively assessed by spirometry and methacholine challenge. Findings were replicated in the Genomic Control Cohort (n = 638). Significant associations between 5 NAT1 variants and asthma were observed in the CCAAPS exposed group compared to none in the unexposed group. There was a significant interaction between NAT1 rs13253389 and rs4921581 with smoke exposure (p = 0.02, p = 0.01) and hair cotinine level (p = 0.048, p = 0.042). Children wildtype for rs4921581 had increasing asthma risk with increasing hair cotinine level, whereas those carrying the NAT1 minor allele had an increased risk of asthma regardless of cotinine level. In the GCC, 13 NAT1 variants were associated with asthma in the smoke-exposed group, compared to 0 in the unexposed group, demonstrating gene-level replication. Variation in the NAT1 gene modifies asthma risk in children exposed to secondhand-smoke. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a gene-environment interaction between NAT1 variants, smoke exposure, cotinine levels, and pediatric asthma. NAT1 genotype may have clinical utility as a biomarker of increased asthma risk in children exposed to smoke.