Empis (Planempis) mandarina Frey 1953
Creators: name: Saigusa, Toyohei
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Empididae
Empis
Empis mandarina

description: Empis (Planempis) mandarina Frey, 1953
(Figs. 1 A, D, 2, 3A, 5A, B)
Empis (Planempis) mandarina Frey, 1953: 40. Type-localities: China: Fukien, Kuatun [after lectotype designation].
Empis mandarina: Frey, 1954: 417 (partim.).
Empis (Planempis) mandarina: Frey, 1955: 11 (partim.).
Diagnosis. Medium-sized blackish species of E. (Planempis) with holoptic male eyes, brownish simple legs, entirely infuscated wings, dull blackish mesonotum without acrostichals, and flat-topped male genitalia.
Description. Male lectotype (Fig. 1 A). Head shrivelled, antennal stylus broken, abdominal terga more or less greasy. Head black, compound eyes touching for 0.25 distance on frons, with upper facets slightly enlarged, 1.5X as large as lower facets; frons and face light grey pollinose, clypeus polished blackish brown; ocellar tubercle with pair of short black setae; occiput densely grey pollinose, with postocular ciliation of rather short black bristles, irregularly biserial rows of ca. 10 fairly long black occipital bristles, and on ventral surface clothed with many long yellow hairs, and similar but shorter ones close to lower postocular area. Antenna except for stylus slightly shorter than shrivelled head length, two basal segments dark brown, bearing a few short black setae; basiflagellomere black, slightly longer than 3X thickness; relative lengths of 3 antennal segments 5:3:10; stylus missing in lectotype. Palpus tawny basally, darkened towards apex, bearing 3 long black setae 0.75X as long as palpus below, and several shorter setae above; labrum reddish brown, 1.4X as long as shrivelled head height.
Thorax blackish brown (Fig. 1 D); mesonotum densely pollinose, dull black, subdorsal stripes between acrostichal and dorsocentral stripes dark grey and subequal in width to latter two stripes; margin of humeral callus and notopleural depression chestnut brown; scutellum, postnotum and pleura rather densely dark grey pollinose; spiracles yellowish brown. Chaetotaxy: Most of mesonotal bristles black; acrostichal setae unrecognizable; dorsocentrals uniserial, consisting of at most 15 short fine yellowish setae 0.33—0.5X as long as diameter of prothoracic spiracle, ending in longish prescutellar bristle; humerus with 3—4 black setae and more yellowish hairs; posthumeral to notopleural areas sparsely yellow-haired; 1 short posthumeral, 3 strong notopleurals, 1 weak postalar bristle; scutellum with 3 pairs of bristles, subapical ones longest; anterior pronotum with a few black bristles and on lateral part scattered yellow hairs; proepisternum with several yellow hairs, prosternum bare, laterotergal bristles yellow to yellowish brown arising from oblique oval area.
Legs moderately slender and simple, reddish brown to brown and black setose. Coxae as in pleura in colour, clothed with yellow setae and bearing black bristles along distal and posterior margins. Femora very short-setose dorsally, black at extreme tip; f1 with av and pv rows of very short setae, of which apical 2—3 are longer, 0.5X as long as f1 thickness; f2 and f3 (Fig. 5 A) with av and pv row of short black bristles 0.33—0. 5 X as long as f2 thickness. Tibiae reddish brown, t3 infuscated to brown except for subbasal part; t1 very short-setose above and beneath; t2 short setose above, densely covered with minute pile beneath, and with 4—6 ad and a few av weak bristles; t3 gradually dilated apically, with subapical part nearly 2X as thick as subbasal part, densely covered with erect pilelike minute hairs on ventral to pv surfaces (Fig. 5 B), moderately long setae above and bearing av and pv rows of longish bristles 0.75—1.0X as long as t3 thickness. Fore and mid tarsi slender, short setose above, metatarsi with longish bristles on ventral surface; hind tarsus black, metatarsus slightly thicker than subbasal part of t3, short setose and bearing a few longish dorsal and ventral bristles.
Wing (Fig. 3 A) as illustrated, almost 3X as long as wide, rather broad, only slightly tapered towards tip and distinctly brownish, pterostigma and veins dark brown; M1, M2, M4 and CuA+CuP not weakened towards wing margin; R4 forming ca. 90˚ to R5 basally, then distinctly curved posteriorly at basal 0.33; outer margin of cell r2+3 about 0.38X as long as cell r4; apex of cell cua not so sharp as in following two species. Halter blackish brown with yellowish brown shaft.
Abdomen moderately slender, blackish brown, densely dark grey pollinose, clothed with short yellow hairs, those on lateral parts of abdominal segments 1—3 very long. Abdominal tergum 8 short, 0.2X as long as tergum 7, fused with narrow lateral areas of sternum, and bearing 2—3 minute setae on each side; abdominal sternum 8 0.66X as long as sternum 7, and bearing short posterior marginal setae 0.33X as long as sternum.
Male genitalia (Fig. 2 A): Flat-topped type. Cercus dark reddish brown, clothed with short yellow hairs apically; epandrial lobe blackish brown, brownish distally, dark grey pollinose and clothed with black setae. Cerci (Figs. 2 B, C) with dorsal surface flattened, combined cerci viewed from above subquadrate with lateral margins parallel with each other on basal 0.66, with distal margin only slightly produced, surrounding subquadrate fenestrula, of which posterior open space is 0.5X as long as wide; dorsal process of cercus strongly curved inwardly, simple, only slightly produced ventrally at tip and with single concavity at tip; middle swelling of cercus moderately large, ventral process of cercus short, only slightly extending posteriorly beyond middle swelling, weakly widened distally, produced into short, narrow dorsodistal projection; supra-anal area without pigmentation or sclerotization, subanal area with weak oval sclerotization; epandrial lobe with distal margin more or less straight, oblique and pointed dorsodistally, bearing stiff spine-like bristles in addition to ordinary bristles; hypandrium narrow and separated ventrally; phallus outside from coelom (Figs. 2 D, E) long, middle 0.33 swollen, with pair of triangular lamellate lateral expansions, dorsal keel triangularly produced at middle and irregular transverse wrinkles, its apical 0.33 slender and evenly curved semi-circularly.
Length: Body 7.4 mm; wing 8.1 mm.
Specimens examined. LECTOTYPE ɗ (here designated), labelled: Kuatun (2300m) 27, 40 n. Br. /117,40 ö. L.J. Klapperich/ 2.4.1938 (Fukien) // Spec. typ. // Rhamphomyia mandarina Frey // [LECTOTYPE] / Empis (Planempis) / mandarina Frey, 1953 /designated by/ T. SAIGUSA, 2012 (male genitalia and posterior part of abdomen macerated and preserved in a vial with glycerol, and a wing detached from body and mounted between cover slips with Canada balsam; left hind leg detached from body and mounted on minuten, attached to main pin) (ZFMK).
Additional material examined. 1 male, FUKIEN, S. China /Shaowu: T. C. Maa// 15.iii.1945 (BPBM).
Type locality. China: Fukien, Kuatun (2300 m), 2740ʹ N, 11740ʹ E". This locality is located in the Wui Mountains.
Distribution. China (Fujian).
Remarks. As stated in the above section, the male from Kuatun is selected as the lectotype of E. mandarina Frey. Although the specimen is different from the original description in the absence of acrostichal setae, and its male genitalia were not illustrated in Die Fliegen, the author selected the male from China in accordance with specific name, mandarina.
The additional male has a fine, short yellowish seta on the dorsomedial line on the middle of mesoscutum, therefore this species seems to have a potential to bear a few uniserial acrostichal setae.
Empis mandarina is easily distinguished from the following two new species by the tawny legs, broader wings, dorsal process of the cercus only slightly produced ventrally.
description: Published as part of Saigusa, Toyohei, 2012, Revision of the type series of Empis (Planempis) mandarina Frey, the type species of Planempis (Diptera: Empididae), pp. 55-68 in Zootaxa 3353 on pages 57-60, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.281568