cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Factors Affecting Farmers’ Willingness to Adopt Switchgrass Production
Creators: name: Qualls, D. Joshua
name: Jensen, Kimberly L.
name: English, Burton C.
name: Larson, James A.
name: Clark, Christopher D.
name: Qualls, D. Joshua
name: Jensen, Kimberly L.
name: English, Burton C.
name: Larson, James A.
name: Clark, Christopher D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Switchgrass
subject: Farmer Adoption

description: In the United States, biomass is the largest source of renewable energy accounting for over 3 percent of the energy consumed domestically and is currently the only source for liquid, renewable, transportation fuels. Continued development of biomass as a renewable energy source is being driven in large part by the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007, which mandates that by 2022 at least 36 billion gallons of fuel ethanol be produced, with at least 16 billion gallons being derived from cellulose, hemi-cellulose, or lignin. However, the market for cellulosic biofuels is still under development. As such, little is known about producer response to feedstock prices paid for dedicated energy crops. While there have been some studies done on factors that determine farmers’ willingness to produce switchgrass, these have been very regional in nature. This study will provide information regarding potential switchgrass adoption by agricultural producers in twelve southeastern states. The objectives of this research are 1) to determine the likelihood of farmers growing switchgrass as a biomass feedstock and the acres they would be willing to devote to switchgrass production and 2) to evaluate some of the factors that are likely to influence these decisions, including the price of switchgrass.
A square-grid coloring problem
Creators: name: Kahle, Matthew
name: Martinez-Figueroa, Francisco
name: Soifer, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C15, 05Bxx

description: Suppose that $n \ge 2$, and we wish to plant $k$ different types of trees in the squares of an $n \times n$ square grid. We can have as many of each type as we want. The only rule is that every pair of types must occur in an adjacent pair of squares somewhere in the grid. The question is: given $n$, what is the largest that $k$ can be? Denote this number by $Γ(n)$, and call this the *complete coloring number* of the $n \times n$ grid. A little thought shows that $Γ(n) \le 2n-1$. The main question we are interested in is whether $Γ(n) = 2n-1$ for every $n \ge 2$.
description: 18 pages; 9 figures, 1 table
Sneutrino Hybrid Inflation in Supergravity
Creators: name: Antusch, Stefan
name: Bastero-Gil, Mar
name: King, Steve F.
name: Shafi, Qaisar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a hybrid inflation scenario in which the singlet sneutrino, the superpartner of the right-handed neutrino, plays the role of the inflaton. We study a minimal model of sneutrino hybrid inflation in supergravity, where we find a spectral index $n_s \approx 1 + 2 γ$ with $|γ| \lesssim 0.02$, and predict a running spectral index $|d n_s/d\ln k| \ll |γ|$ and a tensor-to-scalar ratio $r \ll γ^2$ for field values well below the Planck scale. In our scenario, the baryon asymmetry of our universe can be explained via non-thermal leptogenesis and a low reheat temperature $T_{RH} \approx 10^{6}$ GeV can be realized.
description: 4 pages; minor corrections; version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
High-Performance Thermoelectric Oxides Based on Spinel Structure
Creators: name: Assadi, M. Hussein N.
name: Moreno, J. Julio Gutiérrez
name: Fronzi, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-performance thermoelectric oxides could offer a great energy solution for integrated and embedded applications in sensing and electronics industries. Oxides, however, often suffer from low Seebeck coefficient when compared with other classes of thermoelectric materials. In search of high-performance thermoelectric oxides, we present a comprehensive density functional investigation, based on GGA$+U$ formalism, surveying the 3d and 4d transition-metal-containing ferrites of the spinel structure. Consequently, we predict MnFe$_2$O$_4$ and RhFe$_2$O$_4$ have Seebeck coefficients of $\sim \pm 600$ $μ$V K$^{-1}$ at near room temperature, achieved by light hole and electron doping. Furthermore, CrFe$_2$O$_4$ and MoFe$_2$O$_4$ have even higher ambient Seebeck coefficients at $\sim \pm 700$ $μ$V K$^{-1}$. In the latter compounds, the Seebeck coefficient is approximately a flat function of temperature up to $\sim 700$ K, offering a tremendous operational convenience. Additionally, MoFe$_2$O$_4$ doped with $10^{19}$ holes/cm$^3$ has a calculated thermoelectric power factor of $689.81$ $μ$W K$^{-2}$ m$^{-1}$ at $300$ K, and $455.67$ $μ$W K$^{-2}$ m$^{-1}$ at $600$ K. The thermoelectric properties predicted here can bring these thermoelectric oxides to applications at lower temperatures traditionally fulfilled by more toxic and otherwise burdensome materials.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, 1 table, 2 supplementary files
The Trade-off between Bioenergy and Emissions When Land Is Scarce
Creators: name: Kauffman, Nathan S.
name: Hayes, Dermot J.
name: Kauffman, Nathan S.
name: Hayes, Dermot J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: biofuels
subject: biomass
subject: energy policy
subject: land use
subject: life cycle analysis.

description: Agricultural biofuels require the use of scarce land, and this land has opportunity cost. We explore the objective function of a social planner who includes a land constraint in the optimization decision to minimize environmental cost. The results show that emissions should be measured on a per acre basis. Conventional agricultural life cycle assessments for biofuels report carbon emissions on a per gallon basis, thereby ignoring the implications of land scarcity and implicitly assuming an infinite supply of the inputs needed for production. Switchgrass and corn are then modeled as competing alternatives to show how the inclusion of a land constraint can influence life cycle rankings and alter policy conclusions.
Conformal Partial Wave Expansions for N=4 Chiral Four Point Functions
Creators: name: Dolan, F. A.
name: Osborn, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The conformal partial wave analysis of four point functions of half BPS operators belonging to the SU(4) [0,p,0] representation is undertaken for p=2,3,4. Using the results of N=4 superconformal Ward identities the contributions from protected short and semi-short multiplets are identified in terms of the free field theory. In the large N limit contributions corresponding to long multiplets with twist up to 2p-2 are absent. The anomalous dimensions for twist two singlet multiplets are found to order g^4 and agree with other perturbative calculations. Results for twist four and six are also found.
description: 53 pages, uses harvmac, includes 1 figure, version 2 some corrections and minor extensions, version 3 some further corrections, version 4 as to be published
Limiting the shock acceleration of cosmic-ray protons in the ICM
Creators: name: Wittor, Denis
name: Vazza, Franco
name: Ryu, Dongsu
name: Kang, Hyesung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of large-scale radio emissions prove the existence of shock accelerated cosmic-ray electrons in galaxy clusters, while the lack of detected $γ$-rays limits the acceleration of cosmic-ray protons in galaxy clusters. This challenges our understanding of how diffusive shock acceleration works. In this work, we couple the most updated recipes for shock acceleration in the intracluster medium to state-of-the-art magneto-hydrodynamical simulations of massive galaxy clusters. Furthermore, we use passive tracer particles to follow the evolution of accelerated cosmic-rays. We show that when the interplay between magnetic field topology and the feedback from accelerated cosmic rays is taken into account, the latest developments of particle acceleration theory give results which are compatible with observational constraints.
description: published by Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters, 6 pages, 4 figures
Coupling Agent-Based Simulations and VR universes: the case of GAMA and Unity
Creators: name: Drogoul, Alexis
name: Taillandier, Patrick
name: Brugière, Arthur
name: Martinez, Louis
name: Sillano, Léon
name: Lesquoy, Baptiste
name: Nghi, Huynh Quang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Agent-based models (ABMs) and video games, including those taking advantage of virtual reality (VR), have undergone a remarkable parallel evolution, achieving impressive levels of complexity and sophistication. This paper argues that while ABMs prioritize scientific analysis and understanding and VR aims for immersive entertainment, they both simulate artificial worlds and can benefit from closer integration. Coupling both approaches indeed opens interesting possibilities for research and development in various fields, and in particular education, at the heart of the SIMPLE project, an EU-funded project on the development of digital tools for awareness raising on environmental issues. However, existing tools often present limitations, including technical complexity, limited functionalities, and lack of interoperability. To address these challenges, we introduce a novel framework for linking GAMA, a popular ABM platform, with Unity, a widely used game engine. This framework enables seamless data exchange, real-time visualization, and user interaction within VR environments, allowing researchers to leverage the strengths of both ABMs and VR for more impactful and engaging simulations. We demonstrate the capabilities of our framework through two prototypes built to highlight its potential in representing and interacting with complex socio-environmental system models. We conclude by emphasizing the importance of continued collaboration between the ABM and VR communities to develop robust, user-friendly tools, paving the way for a new era of collaborative research and immersive experiences in simulations.
The Impacts of Eliminating the Direct Payments on the U.S. Cotton Market
Creators: name: Pan, Suwen
name: Hudson, Darren
name: Mutuc, Maria Erlinda M.
name: Pan, Suwen
name: Hudson, Darren
name: Mutuc, Maria Erlinda M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Production Economics

description: This study analyzes the effects of eliminating direct payments paid to cotton farmers in the U.S. Our results suggest that while the impact of eliminating direct payments on domestic production is offset to some extent by rising prices, the more significant effect is on farmers’ net income.
Spectral variability of the 3C 390.3 nucleus for more than 20 years -- II. Variability of the broad emission-line profiles and He II $\lambda4686$A emission-line fluxes
Creators: name: Sergeev, S. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results of the analysis of the variability of the H$β$ and H$α$ broad emission-line profiles and the He II $\lambda4686$A emission-line fluxes in the 3C 390.3 nucleus during 1992-2014 are present. The observed velocity-dependent lag for the Balmer lines is similar to that expected from the Keplerian disc configuration, although there are some differences. Probably, a radial infall motion can be present in the broad-line region of 3C 390.3 in addition to the Keplerian rotation. The lag of the broad He II line is $26\pm 8$d, significantly less than that of the Balmer lines, so the He II emission region is much smaller in size. In terms of the power-law relationship between line and optical continuum fluxes with slowly varying scalefactor $c(t)$: $F_{line}\propto c(t)\,F_{cont}^a$, the power $a$ is $1.03$ for the broad He II line, while according to Paper I the power is equal to $0.77$ and $0.54$ for the broad H$β$ and H$α$ lines, respectively. It means that the variability amplitude is the largest in the He II, less in H$β$, and more less in H$α$. However, the Balmer lines contain a long-term trend that is not seen in the helium line. The narrow He II line is variable with the amplitude (max-to-min ratio) $R_{max}\approx 3$ that is much greater than the variability amplitudes of both the narrow Balmer lines and the narrow [O III] $λ$5007A line.
Supporting information from Can behaviour impede evolution? Persistence of singing effort after morphological song loss in crickets
Creators: name: Rayner, Jack G.
name: Schneider, Will T.
name: Bailey, Nathan W.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Further methods and figures
Appropriating the tools of research : patent law and biotechnology
Creators: name: Tuomi, William Victor
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Patent law creates economic incentives for individuals and companies to invest in research and development, as well as to disclose publicly and commercialize new inventions. In creating these incentives, patents also impose costs on society through reduced access to new inventions. Generally, the benefits of the patent system outweigh the costs, but in new and rapidly developing industries the patent system itself can act as a barrier to the development of new technologies. This is of particular concern in the biotechnology industry where a proliferation of patents on basic and fundamental research tools risks hindering further innovation. This problem was first noted by US academics where patent rights are generally considered absolute. In contrast to the US, there are mechanisms already in place within the Canadian patent system that can be used to balance the public interest in access to technologies with the private interest promoted by patents. Two such mechanisms are studied in depth and compared: experimental use and compulsory licensing. Current conceptions of the experimental use exception to patent infringement are inadequate to deal with abuses found when research tools are patented and an expanded experimental use exception is therefore proposed to address the deficiencies found in the current law. In comparison, existing compulsory licensing provisions within the Competition and Patent Acts are generally sufficient to ensure access to needed research tools. The essential facilities doctrine developed through US antitrust laws provides assistance in determining when such compulsory licences should be granted. Compulsory licensing has certain advantages over an expanded experimental use exception: it would only be used for tools where there are no reasonable alternatives available to the scientist; and it is more likely to be compliant with Canada's international obligations. Ultimately, however, an expanded experimental use exception is preferred since it more quickly and easily puts the tools required for research into the hands of the scientists.
Antilocalization in Coherent Backscattering of Light in a Multi-Resonance Atomic System
Creators: name: Kupriyanov, D. V.
name: Sokolov, I. M.
name: Havey, M. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theoretical prediction of antilocalization of light in ultracold atomic gas samples, in the weak localization regime, is reported. Calculations and Monte-Carlo simulations show that, for selected spectral ranges in the vicinity of atomic 85Rb hyperfine transitions, quantum coherence in optical transitions through nondegenerate hyperfine levels in multiple light scattering generates destructive interference in otherwise reciprocal scattering paths. This effect leads to enhancement factors less than unity in a coherent backscattering geometry, and suggests the possibility of enhanced diffusion of light in ultracold atomic vapors.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures. Submitted to Optics Communications (2004)
Rift Valley Fever: An Economic Assessment of Agricultural and Human Vulnerability
Creators: name: Hughes-Fraire, Randi
name: Hagerman, Amy D.
name: McCarl, Bruce A.
name: Gaff, Holly
name: Hughes-Fraire, Randi
name: Hagerman, Amy D.
name: McCarl, Bruce A.
name: Gaff, Holly
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Rift Valley Fever
subject: Outbreak
subject: Welfare
subject: Vaccination
subject: Larvicide.

description: This research focused on the assessment of the U.S. agricultural sector and human vulnerability to a Rift Valley Fever (RVF) outbreak and the implications of a select set of alternative disease control strategies. Livestock impact assessment is done by using an integrated epidemic/economic model to examine the extent of RVF spread in the Southeast Texas livestock population and its consequences plus the outcome of implementing two different control strategies: emergency vaccination and larvicide vector control separately plus when they are used simultaneously. Human impact assessment utilized an inferential procedure, which comprises of a cost of illness calculation to assess the dollar cost of human illnesses and deaths, as well as a Disability Adjusted Life Year calculation to give an estimate of the burden of disease on public health as a whole. Results indicate substantial potential losses to the U.S., where combined livestock and human national costs ranged from $121 million to $2.3 billion.
Statistical learning theory of structured data
Creators: name: Pastore, Mauro
name: Rotondo, Pietro
name: Erba, Vittorio
name: Gherardi, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The traditional approach of statistical physics to supervised learning routinely assumes unrealistic generative models for the data: usually inputs are independent random variables, uncorrelated with their labels. Only recently, statistical physicists started to explore more complex forms of data, such as equally-labelled points lying on (possibly low dimensional) object manifolds. Here we provide a bridge between this recently-established research area and the framework of statistical learning theory, a branch of mathematics devoted to inference in machine learning. The overarching motivation is the inadequacy of the classic rigorous results in explaining the remarkable generalization properties of deep learning. We propose a way to integrate physical models of data into statistical learning theory, and address, with both combinatorial and statistical mechanics methods, the computation of the Vapnik-Chervonenkis entropy, which counts the number of different binary classifications compatible with the loss class. As a proof of concept, we focus on kernel machines and on two simple realizations of data structure introduced in recent physics literature: $k$-dimensional simplexes with prescribed geometric relations and spherical manifolds (equivalent to margin classification). Entropy, contrary to what happens for unstructured data, is nonmonotonic in the sample size, in contrast with the rigorous bounds. Moreover, data structure induces a novel transition beyond the storage capacity, which we advocate as a proxy of the nonmonotonicity, and ultimately a cue of low generalization error. The identification of a synaptic volume vanishing at the transition allows a quantification of the impact of data structure within replica theory, applicable in cases where combinatorial methods are not available, as we demonstrate for margin learning.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures
The United States Tobacco Industry after the Buyout
Creators: name: Sheremenko, Ganna
name: Epperson, James E.
name: Sheremenko, Ganna
name: Epperson, James E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: The elimination of the quota and price support program in 2004 meant limited government intervention and made U.S. tobacco producers more vulnerable to market risks. In this paper we provide an examination of the situation in the U.S. tobacco industry before and after the buyout and identify how the enacted policy change affected the U.S. tobacco industry in terms of supply and demand. The supply and demand system is estimated using the generalized method of moments (GMM). The results suggest that the buyout, which began with lowering the price for tobacco as well as increasing the cost of production, had a negative impact on the number of farmers in the United States as it declined substantially after 2004. However, tobacco producers who remained in the industry apparently became more efficient and more competitive on the world tobacco market in the face of lower tobacco prices. Improved overall competitiveness of the U.S. tobacco industry along with changes in U.S. consumer tastes and preferences for less consumption of tobacco products resulted in an increase in U.S. exports of tobacco leaf after the elimination of the government policy.
ИНДИВИДУАЛЬНО-ТИПОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ РАЗВИТИЯ ДЕТСКОЙ ВЕРБАЛЬНОЙ КРЕАТИВНОСТИ
Creators: name: Зеленкова Т. В.
Publisher: name: Дифференциальная психология и психофизиология сегодня: способности, образование, профессионализм
Year: 2021
Subjects: способности
вербальная креативность
психолингвистика
детское словесное творчество.

description: В статье рассматривается детская вербальная креативность как важнейший компонент способности к творческой деятельности. Показывается, что индивидуальные различия в способностях можно количественно оценивать как по общему критерию, так и по отдельным факторам и их сочетаниям. Разработана процедура выявления этих факторов с использованием методов психолингвистики и компьютерного анализа текстов. Получены семь видов оценок вербальной креативности, характеризующих способности детей к словесному творчеству.
On the Sign Problem in the Hirsch-Fye Algorithm for Impurity Problems
Creators: name: Yoo, Jaebeom
name: Chandrasekharan, Shailesh
name: Kaul, Ribhu K.
name: Ullmo, Denis
name: Baranger, Harold U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that there is no fermion sign problem in the Hirsch and Fye algorithm for the single-impurity Anderson model. Beyond the particle-hole symmetric case for which a simple proof exists, this has been known only empirically. Here we prove the nonexistence of a sign problem for the general case by showing that each spin trace for a given Ising configuration is separately positive. We further use this insight to analyze under what conditions orbitally degenerate Anderson models or the two-impurity Anderson model develop a sign.
description: 2 pages, no figure; published version
Structural and mechanical characteristics of sphere packings near the jamming transition: From fully amorphous to quasi-ordered structures
Creators: name: Mizuno, Hideyuki
name: Saitoh, Kuniyasu
name: Silbert, Leonardo E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mechanically stable sphere packings are generated in three-dimensional space using the discrete element method, which span a wide range in structural order, ranging from fully amorphous to quasi-ordered structures, as characterized by the bond orientational order parameter. As the packing pressure, $p$, varies from the marginally rigid limit at the jamming transition ($p \approx 0$) to that of more robust systems ($p \gg 0$), the coordination number, $z$, follows a familiar scaling relation with pressure, namely, $Δz = z - z_c \sim p^{1/2}$, where $z_c = 2d = 6$ ($d=3$ is the spatial dimension). While it has previously been noted that $Δz$ does indeed remain the control parameter for determining the packing properties, here we show how the packing structure plays an influential role on the mechanical properties of the packings. Specifically, we find that the elastic (bulk $K$ and shear $G$) moduli, generically referred to as $M$, become functions of both $Δz$ and the structure, to the extent that $M-M_c \sim Δz$. Here, $M_c$ are values of the elastic moduli at the jamming transition, which depend on the structure of the packings. In particular, the zero shear modulus, $G_c=0$, is a special feature of fully amorphous packings, whereas more ordered packings take larger, positive values, $G_c > 0$.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
ИНДИВИДУАЛЬНО-ТИПОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЧЛЕНОВ СЕМЕЙ ЗАВИСИМЫХ (ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ)
Creators: name: Стряпухина Ю. В.
Publisher: name: Дифференциальная психология и психофизиология сегодня: способности, образование, профессионализм
Year: 2021
Subjects: зависимость
созависимость
индивидуально-типологические особенности
дисфункциональная семья.

description: Статья посвящена анализу индивидуально-типологических особенностей членов семей зависимых, описанных в зарубежной и отечественной литературе. Раскрыты основные подходы к определению феномена созависимости. Даны предпосылки формирования созависимых отношений. Описаны особенности, характеризующие когнитивно-аффективную, поведенческую, ценностную и духовную сферы созависимых.
What do Haitians need after the earthquake?
Creators: name: Andre, Rock
name: Lusk, Jayson L.
name: Andre, Rock
name: Lusk, Jayson L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: best-worst scaling
subject: aid relief
subject: earthquake
subject: survey
subject: disaster
subject: Haiti.

description: The earthquake that hit Haiti in the beginning of 2010 led to tremendous international solidarity in the recovery effort. Despite the tons of aid sent to Haiti, relatively little is known about the effectiveness of the aid or about the continuing needs of the Haitians. Using data collected from in-person surveys with over 1,000 Haitians, we sought to quantify some of the impacts of the earthquake while determining people’s relative preferences for food and other basic needs in the aftermath of the Haiti’s earthquake. The results indicate that almost two-thirds of Haitians lost a friend in the earthquake, and nearly half lost a family member. People report spending more on food in the aftermath of the earthquake, and the level of food aid received does not appear to have any impact on food expenditures. Among different types of aid, Haitians state being most in need of a job – something difficult for international aid agencies to supply over the long run.
Irregular migrant workers in the UK : a story of marginalization
Creators: name: Levene, Rachael
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: 21 Chinese irregular migrant cockle pickers died in February 2004. It soon became clear that these workers had been exploited. They had been paid 11 pence an hour (approximately 30 cents CAD) and had been housed in squalid accommodation. After the tragedy took place I felt compelled to investigate the exploitation of irregular migrant workers in the UK's 'black economy.' Quickly it became clear that this disaster was simply another example of the UK's 'modern day slave-trade', in which irregular migrant workers fall prey to unscrupulous bosses in a wide range of low skilled industries. In this thesis I unveil how irregular migrant workers face practices that amount to 'modern slavery' in the UK's low skilled industries. I describe these various forms of exploitation in Chapter 2 and explain how they constitute 'modern slavery'. In documenting these different types of abuse, I have relied on secondary sources and have contacted certain individuals directly. In Chapter 3, I then consider the legal rights irregular migrant workers have against such exploitation under U K law. As I reveal however, legal rights are often ineffective for irregular migrant workers due to their immigration status. In Chapter 4, I show how forthcoming legislation, which was brought in following the cockle pickers' deaths, also fails to provide irregular migrant workers useful rights. Due to the inadequacy of rights protection at the domestic level, in Chapter 5 I assess whether international human rights law offers more effective protection. As I explain however, individuals in the U K are unable to enforce international human rights law. In light of these findings, in Chapter 6, I make recommendations on how to improve the rights of irregular migrant workers in the UK.
Reanalysis of the spectrum of the z=10 galaxy
Creators: name: Weatherley, S. J.
name: Warren, S. J.
name: Babbedge, T. S. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent paper Pello et al. reported observations of a faint galaxy, gravitationally lensed by the galaxy cluster Abell 1835. Deep J-band spectroscopy revealed a weak emission line near 1.34 microns, detected in two spectra with different central wavelengths. The line was interpreted as Lyman-alpha at redshift z=10.0. This interpretation is supported by the broad-band photometric spectral energy distribution, and by the location of the galaxy close to the lens critical line for this redshift. We have reanalysed the two spectra, just released from the data archive. Our analysis includes allowance for wavelength shifts due to transverse drift of the object in the slit. We do not detect a significant emission line at the reported location, or nearby, at either grating setting, nor in the combined spectrum. We provide a possible explanation for the reported detection as due to spurious positive flux introduced in the sky-subtraction stage as a result of variable hot pixels. We provide our final reduced 2D frame, and corresponding error array.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure. To appear in A&A Letters. Added possible explanation for reported emission line as due to variable hot pixels
Local sustainability in Hungary – an analysis of the factors that determine the low number of LA21 strategies
Creators: name: Baják, Imre
name: Torcsvari, Zsolt
name: Baják, Imre
name: Torcsvari, Zsolt
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: sustainable development
subject: local agenda
subject: social participation
subject: national government

description: The concept of sustainable development is currently one of the most important concepts in the world. The implementation of the global idea is in the hands of local communities. The success of LA21 initiatives largely depends on two important factors: the bottom-up initiatives of the community based on voluntary participation and the support from the national government. In the case of Hungary we examine central government initiatives to date, as well as the factors that determine the success of bottom-up initiatives. As an illustration we present some of the findings of a survey we conducted in the micro-region of Gyöngyös.
ИНДИВИДУАЛЬНЫЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ УРОВНЯ ПРИТЯЗАНИЙ У ЮНЫХ ТЕННИСИСТОВ С РАЗНОЙ СОРЕВНОВАТЕЛЬНОЙ И ТРЕНИРОВОЧНОЙ ТРЕВОЖНОСТЬЮ
Creators: name: Самойленко М. А.
name: Лопухова О. Г.
Publisher: name: Дифференциальная психология и психофизиология сегодня: способности, образование, профессионализм
Year: 2021
Subjects: уровень притязаний
соревновательная тревожность
тренировочная тревожность
саморегуляция.

description: Выявление взаимозависимости уровня тревожности и уровня притязаний открывает более глубокое понимание механизмов саморегуляции юных спортсменов и нахождения их внутренних ресурсов, необходимых для достижения поставленных целей. В проведенном исследовании установлено, что адекватный уровень притязаний с преобладанием мотивации успеха связан со средним уровнем соревновательной тревожности юных теннисистов. Тренировочная тревожность не связана с особенностями уровня притязаний.
Methodological details and supplementary figures and Table from The endangered Spitsbergen bowhead whales' secrets revealed after hundreds of years in hiding
Creators: name: Kovacs, Kit M.
name: Lydersen, Christian
name: Vacquiè-Garcia, Jade
name: Shpak, Olga
name: Glazov, Dmitry
name: Heide-Jørgensen, Mads Peter
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Spitsbergen's bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) were hunted to near extinction in the world's first commercial whaling enterprise; this population clearly remains threatened, but nothing is known about its distribution, making assessment unfeasible. In this study, we document range, movement patterns and habitat preferences of this population, based on tagging done from an icebreaker-based helicopter. Despite their reduced abundance, Spitsbergen's bowhead whales occupy much of their historical range, stretching across the northern Barents Region from East Greenland eastward to Franz Josef Land. Unlike larger bowhead populations to the west, they do not migrate in a classical sense, but rather disperse from wintering grounds in the northernmost parts of their range during spring, returning northward again in autumn, a pattern opposite in terms of directionality compared to other Arctic bowhead whale populations. The extreme affiliation of this population with cold, ice-filled waters is a concern given ongoing climate warming and concomitant rapid sea ice habitat loss.
The iron $K_α$-line as a tool for an evaluation of black hole parameters
Creators: name: Zakharov, A. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent X-ray observations of microquasars and Seyfert galaxies reveal broad emission lines in their spectra, which can arise in the innermost parts of accretion disks. Simulations indicate that at low inclination angle the line is measured by a distant observer as characteristic two-peak profile. However, at high inclination angles ($> 85^0$) two additional peaks arise. This phenomenon was discovered by Matt et al. (1993) using the Schwarzschild black hole metric to analyze such effect. They assumed that the effect is applicable to a Kerr metric far beyond the range of parameters that they exploited. We check and confirm their hypothesis about such a structure of the spectral line shape for the Kerr metric case. We use no astrophysical assumptions about the physical structure of the emission region except the assumption that the region should be narrow enough. Positions and heights of these extra peaks drastically depend on both the radial coordinate of the emitting region (annuli) and the inclination angle. It was found that these extra peaks arise due to gravitational lens effect in the strong gravitational field, namely they are formed by photons with some number of revolutions around black hole. This conclusion is based only on relativistic calculations without any assumption about physical parameters of the accretion disc like X-ray surface emissivity etc. We discuss how analysis of the iron spectral line shapes could give an information about an upper limit of magnetic field near black hole horizon.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures, Invited lecture at the 22nd Summer School and International Symposium on the Physics of Ionized Gases (SPIG-2004, National Park Tara, Serbia and Montenegro 23 - 27 August 2004)
Methods and additional results from Seasonal patterns of Pseudogymnoascus destructans germination indicate host-pathogen coevolution
Creators: name: Fischer, Nicola M.
name: Dool, Serena
name: Puechmaille, Sebastien J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary information accompanying materials and methods used in the experimental setup (Section A1: Methods) and additional results obtained from the data (Section A2: Results)
ИНДИВИДУАЛЬНЫЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ УЧЕНИЯ МЛАДШИХ ШКОЛЬНИКОВ РАЗЛИЧНЫХ ВОЗРАСТОВ
Creators: name: Зайцев С. В.
Publisher: name: Дифференциальная психология и психофизиология сегодня: способности, образование, профессионализм
Year: 2021
Subjects: индивидуальные способы учебных действий
регулятивные учебные действия
обусловленный выбор

description: Изучается система отношений младших школьников к условиям выполнения отдельных учебных действий и учебной деятельности в целом как фактора развития у них индивидуальных способов учебных действий (ИСД). В исследовании участвовало 175 младших школьников из вторых, третьих и четвертых классов, которые в серии экспериментальных уроков продемонстрировали устойчивые ИСД. Выявлены основные типы отношений, обуславливающие внутреннее психологическое содержание ИСД младших школьников.
Table S1 from Globally invasive populations of the clonal raider ant are derived from Bangladesh
Creators: name: Waring Trible
name: McKenzie, Sean K.
name: Kronauer, Daniel J. C.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60301 Animal Systematics and Taxonomy
subject: 60310 Plant Systematics and Taxonomy

description: Colony name, clonal line, locality, colony size, and GenBank accession numbers for DNA sequence data for all samples in the present study.
Supplementary Methods from Globally invasive populations of the clonal raider ant are derived from Bangladesh
Creators: name: Waring Trible
name: McKenzie, Sean K.
name: Kronauer, Daniel J. C.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60301 Animal Systematics and Taxonomy
subject: 60310 Plant Systematics and Taxonomy

description: Additional methodical details for Trible et al. 2020
Quantum Reflections of Nonlocal Optical Solitons in a Cold Rydberg Atomic Gas
Creators: name: Bai, Zhengyang
name: Zhang, Qi
name: Huang, Guoxiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum reflection refers to a non-vanishing reflection probability in the absence of a classically turning point. Much attention has been paid to such reflections due to their fundamental, intriguing physics and potential practical applications. Here we propose a scheme to realize a quantum reflection of nonlocal nonlinear optical beams in a cold Rydberg atomic gas via electromagnetically induced transparency working in a dispersion regime. Based on the long-range interaction between Rydberg atoms, we found that the system supports low-power nonlocal optical solitons. Such nonlocal solitons can display a sharp transition between reflection, trapping, and transmission when scattered by a linear attractive potential, created by gate photons stored in another Rydberg state. Different from conventional physical systems explored up to now, the quantum reflection of the nonlocal optical solitons in the Rydberg atomic gas exhibits interesting anomalous behaviors, which can be actively manipulated by tuning the incident velocity and intensity of the probe field, as well as the nonlocality of the Kerr nonlinearity inherent in the Rydberg atomic gas. The results reported here are not only useful for developing Rydberg nonlinear optics but also helpful for characterizing the physical property of the Rydberg gas and for designing novel nonlinear optical devices.
ИНДИВИДУАЛЬНЫЕ ПСИХОФИЗИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ РАЗЛИЧИЯ ШКОЛЬНИКОВ КАК ФАКТОР УСПЕШНОСТИ ОБУЧЕНИЯ
Creators: name: Гилева О. Б.
Publisher: name: Дифференциальная психология и психофизиология сегодня: способности, образование, профессионализм
Year: 2021
Subjects: школьники
индивидуальные психофизиологические особенности
академическая успешность.

description: Изучали психофизиологические индивидуальные особенности школьников 7-16 лет, имеющих разную степень академической успешности, обнаружено, что в зависимости от академической успешности дети различаются по тревожности, времени реакции и паттерну ЭЭГ при когнитивной нагрузке. Результаты обсуждаются с точки зрения определения и учета индивидуальных особенностей при обучении школьников
Corners of graph algebras
Creators: name: Crisp, Tyrone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L55

description: It is known that given a directed graph E and a subset X of vertices, the sum of the projections associated to the vertices in X in the C*-algebra of E converges strictly in the multiplier algebra to a projection P. Here we give a construction which, in certain cases, produces a directed graph F whose C*-algebra is isomorphic to the corner P(C*(E))P. Corners of this type arise naturally as the fixed point algebras of discrete coactions on graph algebras related to labellings. We prove this fact, and show that our construction is applicable to such a case whenever the labelling satisfies an analogue of Kirchhoff's voltage law.
description: 16 pages; uses XY-Pic
ИНДИВИДУАЛЬНЫЙ ПОДХОД В ПРОЦЕССЕ ОБУЧЕНИЯ ШКОЛЬНИКОВ
Creators: name: Карданова Д. Я.
name: Кокова Л. Х.
name: Нырова А. З.
Publisher: name: Дифференциальная психология и психофизиология сегодня: способности, образование, профессионализм
Year: 2021
Subjects: индивидуальный подход
индивидуальные особенности
успешность обучения
нервная система
учитель
педагог.

description: В статье проанализированы индивидуальные особенности учеников, влияющие на успешность обучения; рассмотрены некоторые формы учебной деятельности и отдельные виды учебных заданий, которые неблагоприятны для индивидов с разной выраженностью силы нервной системы, а также пути преодоления возникающих трудностей.
ИНТЕРЕС КАК ЛИЧНОСТНАЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА
Creators: name: Воля Е. С.
Publisher: name: Дифференциальная психология и психофизиология сегодня: способности, образование, профессионализм
Year: 2021
Subjects: интерес
образовательная биография
потенциальность
развитие
цельность.

description: Понимание человеком собственных интересов и приверженность им рассматривается как условие становления человеческой цельности (В.В Розанов) и высших достижений (Б.М. Теплов).
ИНТЕРНАЛИЗАЦИЯ И ТРУДНЫЙ ТЕМПЕРАМЕНТ ПОДРОСТКОВ
Creators: name: Лобаскова М. М.
name: Васин Г. М.
Publisher: name: Дифференциальная психология и психофизиология сегодня: способности, образование, профессионализм
Year: 2021
Subjects: Трудный темперамент. Опросник темперамента подростков М.К. Ротбарт. Подростковая форма методики Т. Ахенбаха. Интернализация. Тревожность/депрессия. Замкнутость. Соматические проблемы. Произвольный контроль. Негативный аффект.

description: Проведено предварительное исследование связи темперамента и проблем интернализации подростков. Цель исследования заключается в определении структуры трудного темперамента подростков на основе психобиологического подхода М.К. Ротбарт. В исследовании приняли участие 336 российских подростков 5-9 классов. Обнаружена связь интернализации (методика Т. Ахенбаха) с низкими значениями Контроля торможения, Контроля внимания и высокими значениями Фрустрации, Страха, Застенчивости (Опросник темперамента подростков М.К. Ротбарт).
Science Programs for a 2 m-class Telescope at Dome C, Antarctica: PILOT, the Pathfinder for an International Large Optical Telescope
Creators: name: Burton, M. G.
name: Lawrence, J.
name: Ashley, M. C. B.
name: Bailey, J. A.
name: Blake, C.
name: Bedding, T. R.
name: Bland-Hawthorn, J.
name: Bond, I. A.
name: Glazebrook, K.
name: Hidas, M. G.
name: Lewis, G.
name: Longmore, S. N.
name: Maddison, S. T.
name: Mattila, S.
name: Minier, V.
name: Ryder, S. D.
name: Sharp, R.
name: Smith, C. H.
name: Storey, J. W. V.
name: Tinney, C. G.
name: Tuthill, P.
name: Walsh, A. J.
name: Walsh, W.
name: Whiting, M.
name: Wong, T.
name: Woods, D.
name: Yock, P. C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cold, dry and stable air above the summits of the Antarctic plateau provides the best ground-based observing conditions from optical to sub-mm wavelengths to be found on the Earth. PILOT is a proposed 2 m telescope, to be built at Dome C in Antarctica, able to exploit these conditions for conducting astronomy at optical and infrared wavelengths. While PILOT is intended as a pathfinder towards the construction of future grand-design facilities, it will also be able to undertake a range of fundamental science investigations in its own right. This paper provides the performance specifications for PILOT, including its instrumentation. It then describes the kinds of science projects that it could best conduct. These range from planetary science to the search for other solar systems, from star formation within the Galaxy to the star formation history of the Universe, and from gravitational lensing caused by exo-planets to that produced by the cosmic web of dark matter. PILOT would be particularly powerful for wide-field imaging at infrared wavelengths, achieving near-diffraction limited performance with simple tip-tilt wavefront correction. PILOT would also be capable of near-diffraction limited performance in the optical wavebands, as well be able to open new wavebands for regular ground based observation; in the mid-IR from 17 to 40 microns and in the sub-mm at 200 microns.
description: 74 pages, 14 figures, PASA, in press
Methods and additional results from Seasonal patterns of Pseudogymnoascus destructans germination indicate host–pathogen coevolution
Creators: name: Fischer, Nicola M.
name: Dool, Serena E.
name: Puechmaille, Sebastien J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary information accompanying materials and methods used in the experimental setup (Section A1: Methods) and additional results obtained from the data (Section A2: Results)
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ АДАПТАЦИИ К ОБУЧЕНИЮ В ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ОТ ТИПА ТЕМПЕРАМЕНТА ЛИЧНОСТИ
Creators: name: Усманова М. Н.
Publisher: name: Дифференциальная психология и психофизиология сегодня: способности, образование, профессионализм
Year: 2021
Subjects: адаптация
трудности первого года обучения
мотивы
типы темперамента
детерминанты.

description: Решение проблемы адаптации студента к условиям обучения в вузе представляет теоретический и практический интерес для психологии и педагогики. В статье рассматриваются базовые свойства темперамента, которые существенно влияют на адаптацию студентов к учебной деятельности; выявляются качественные различия, обосновывается гипотеза, раскрывается значение проблемы и приводятся результаты психологического исследования.