cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Noise thermometry and electron thermometry of a sample-on-cantilever system below 1 Kelvin
Creators: name: Jayich, A. C. Bleszynski
name: Shanks, W. E.
name: Harris, J. G. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used two types of thermometry to study thermal fluctuations in a microcantilever-based system below 1 K. We measured the temperature of a cantilever's macroscopic degree-of-freedom (via the Brownian motion of its lowest flexural mode) and its microscopic degrees-of-freedom (via the electron temperature of a metal sample mounted on the cantilever). We also measured both temperatures' response to a localized heat source. We find it possible to maintain thermal equilibrium between these two temperatures and a refrigerator down to at least 300 mK. These results are promising for ongoing experiments to probe quantum effects using micromechanical devices.
Two-photon exchange in dispersion approach
Creators: name: Borisyuk, Dmitry
name: Kobushkin, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate two-photon exchange amplitude for the elastic electron-proton scattering in the framework of dispersion relations. The imaginary part of the amplitude is determined by unitarity. Since in the unitarity relation intermediate states are on shell, off-shell form factors are not needed for the calculation. The real part is then evaluated using analytical properties of the amplitude. The expression for the elastic contribution to the amplitude, obtained in our approach, differs from the results of traditional calculations with on-shell form factors. Nevertheless, numerically the difference is minor for Q^2 up to 6 GeV^2.
Improving Neural Silent Speech Interface Models by Adversarial Training
Creators: name: Shandiz, Amin Honarmandi
name: Tóth, László
name: Gosztolya, Gábor
name: Markó, Alexandra
name: Csapó, Tamás Gábor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Besides the well-known classification task, these days neural networks are frequently being applied to generate or transform data, such as images and audio signals. In such tasks, the conventional loss functions like the mean squared error (MSE) may not give satisfactory results. To improve the perceptual quality of the generated signals, one possibility is to increase their similarity to real signals, where the similarity is evaluated via a discriminator network. The combination of the generator and discriminator nets is called a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN). Here, we evaluate this adversarial training framework in the articulatory-to-acoustic mapping task, where the goal is to reconstruct the speech signal from a recording of the movement of articulatory organs. As the generator, we apply a 3D convolutional network that gave us good results in an earlier study. To turn it into a GAN, we extend the conventional MSE training loss with an adversarial loss component provided by a discriminator network. As for the evaluation, we report various objective speech quality metrics such as the Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality (PESQ), and the Mel-Cepstral Distortion (MCD). Our results indicate that the application of the adversarial training loss brings about a slight, but consistent improvement in all these metrics.
description: 11 pages, 3 tables, 2 figures
Quantum dissipative effects in moving mirrors: a functional approach
Creators: name: Fosco, C. D.
name: Lombardo, F. C.
name: Mazzitelli, F. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a functional approach to study various aspects of the quantum effective dynamics of moving, planar, dispersive mirrors, coupled to scalar or Dirac fields, in different numbers of dimensions. We first compute the Euclidean effective action, and use it to derive the imaginary part of the `in-out' effective action. We also obtain, for the case of the real scalar field in 1+1 dimensions, the Schwinger-Keldysh effective action and a semiclassical Langevin equation that describes the motion of the mirror including noise and dissipative effects due to its coupling to the quantum fields.
description: References added. Version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Designing the unambiguous discriminator from the one -photon interferometer
Creators: name: Wu, Xiaohua
name: Shaolan, Yu
name: Tao, Zhou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we shall show that the question of quanum state unambiguous discrimination can be solved by reducing it to the known problem of quantum states filtering.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures
A new topological perspective of expanding space-times with applications to cosmology
Creators: name: Ahmed, Nasr
name: Pradhan, Anirudh
name: Salama, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the possible role of the Tietze extension theorem in providing a rigorous topological base to the expanding space-time in cosmology. A simple toy model has been introduced to show the analogy between the topological extension from a circle $S$ to the whole space $M$ and the cosmic expansion from a non-zero volume to the whole space-time in non-singular cosmological models. A topological analogy to the cosmic scale factor function has been suggested, the paper refers to the possible applications of the topological extension in mathematical physics.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures, https://doi.org/10.1142/S0219887821501309
On Shannon-Jaynes Entropy and Fisher Information
Creators: name: Dimitrov, Vesselin I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fundamentals of the Maximum Entropy principle as a rule for assigning and updating probabilities are revisited. The Shannon-Jaynes relative entropy is vindicated as the optimal criterion for use with an updating rule. A constructive rule is justified which assigns the probabilities least sensitive to coarse-graining. The implications of these developments for interpreting physics laws as rules of inference upon incomplete information are briefly discussed.
description: Presented at the 27th International Workshop on Bayesian Inference and Maximum Entropy Methods in Science and Engineering, Saratoga Springs, NY, July 8-13, 2007
Relativistic plasma aperture for laser intensity enhancement
Creators: name: Jirka, M.
name: Klimo, O.
name: Matys, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A substantial increase in local laser intensity is observed in the near field behind a plasma shutter.This increase is caused by the interference of the diffracted light at the relativistic plasma aperture and it is studied both analytically and using numerical simulations. This effect is only accessible in the regime of relativistically induced transparency and thus it requires a careful choice of laser and target parameters. The theoretical estimates for the maximum field strength and its spatial location as a function of target and laser parameters are provided and compared with simulation results. Our full 3D Particle-in-Cell simulations indicate that the laser intensity may be increased roughly by an order of magnitude improving the feasibility of strong field QED research with the present generation of lasers.
On the invariance properties of Vaidya-Bonner geodesics via symmetry operators
Creators: name: Farrokhi, Davood
name: Bakhshandeh-Chamazkoti, Rohollah
name: Nadjafikhah, Mehdi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the present paper, we try to investigate the Noether symmetries and Lie point symmetries of the Vaidya-Bonner geodesics. Classification of one-dimensional subalgebras of Lie point symmetries are considered. In fact, the collection of pairwise non-conjugate one-dimensional subalgebras that are called the optimal system of subalgebras is determined. Moreover, as illustrative examples, the symmetry analysis is implemented on two special cases of the system.
description: This paper accepted for publication in International Journal of Nonlinear Analysis and Applications
A new look at the Hardy-Littlewood-Pólya inequality of majorization
Creators: name: Niculescu, Constantin P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26B25, 26D10, 46B40, 47B60, 47H07

description: The Hardy-Littlewood-Pólya inequality of majorization is extended to the framework of ordered Banach spaces. Several applications illustrating our main results are also included.
description: 18 pages
OverlapNet: Loop Closing for LiDAR-based SLAM
Creators: name: Chen, Xieyuanli
name: Läbe, Thomas
name: Milioto, Andres
name: Röhling, Timo
name: Vysotska, Olga
name: Haag, Alexandre
name: Behley, Jens
name: Stachniss, Cyrill
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) is a fundamental capability required by most autonomous systems. In this paper, we address the problem of loop closing for SLAM based on 3D laser scans recorded by autonomous cars. Our approach utilizes a deep neural network exploiting different cues generated from LiDAR data for finding loop closures. It estimates an image overlap generalized to range images and provides a relative yaw angle estimate between pairs of scans. Based on such predictions, we tackle loop closure detection and integrate our approach into an existing SLAM system to improve its mapping results. We evaluate our approach on sequences of the KITTI odometry benchmark and the Ford campus dataset. We show that our method can effectively detect loop closures surpassing the detection performance of state-of-the-art methods. To highlight the generalization capabilities of our approach, we evaluate our model on the Ford campus dataset while using only KITTI for training. The experiments show that the learned representation is able to provide reliable loop closure candidates, also in unseen environments.
description: Accepted by RSS 2020. Code: https://github.com/PRBonn/OverlapNet
title: Veränderungen des Materialverhaltens unter planetaren Bedingungen
Creators: name: Fröhlich, F.
name: Vollstädt, H.
Publisher: name: Zentralinstitut für Physik der Erde
Year: 1979

description: Detaillierte Auswertungen von Ergebnissen komplexer Untersuchungen über die Verhaltensänderungen der terrestrischen Materie mit zunehmender Tiefe können heute bereits als Test zur Kontrolle planetarer Entwicklungskonzeptionen genutzt werden, zumal die Erde unbestritten das am besten erforschte Objekt unseres Planetensystems ist und es absurd wäre, den terrestrischen Fall als kosmische Singularität anzusehen. In diese Richtung zielt die nachstehende Darstellung.
description: Veröffentlichungen des Zentralinstituts für Physik der Erde; 57; ISSN 05148790
title: Untersuchungen des anomalen geomagnetischen Feldes - eine Methode zur Lokalisierung der Unterkante der magnetisch wirksamen Erdkruste
Creators: name: Rother, Gudrun
Publisher: name: Zentralinstitut für Physik der Erde
Year: 1979

description: Methodische Untersuchungen zur Schlußweise von Anomalien des geomagnetischen Feldes auf die Tiefe bis zur unteren Begrenzung ihrer Quellen können einen Beitrag zur Problematik der Auffindung des CURIE-Übergangsbereiches in der Erdkruste liefern. Als charakteristische Auswertegröße dient das Energiedichtespektrum, das über die zweidimensionale FOURIER-Transformation von flächenhaft vorliegenden Totalintensitätswerten gewonnen wird. Seine Untersuchung bringt ein Verfahren, das Tiefeninterpretationen zur Lage der Ober- und Unterkante der Quellen für die Modelle Prisma und Priamenensemble ermöglicht. Die Erweiterung für Doppelensemblemodelle gestattet es, durch Spektrenzerlegung unter Berücksichtigung der Kopplung der Teilbeiträge Aussagen über die mittleren Tiefenparameter beider Quellenensembles und das Verhältnis ihrer Magnetisierungen zu treffen. Die Methodik wird erfolgreich auf Felddaten unter Verwendung des Doppelensembles als Interpretationsmodell angewendet. Das bringt auch einen Beitrag zur Problematik, den Einfluß lokaler und regionaler Anomalien voneinander zu trennen. Für die Bearbeitung und Interpretation geophysikalischer Potentialfelder sowie die Erzeugung von Modellfeldern wird ein Bearbeitungssystem vorgestellt. Die Arbeit enthält die wesentlichsten Punkte der unveröffentlichten Dissertation (ROTHER, 1979).
description: Veröffentlichungen des Zentralinstituts für Physik der Erde; 59; ISSN 05148790
VLTI monitoring of the dust formation event of the Nova V1280 Sco
Creators: name: Chesneau, Olivier
name: Banerjee, Dipankar
name: Millour, F.
name: Nardetto, N.
name: Spang, A.
name: Sacuto, S.
name: Wittkowski, M.
name: Ashok, N. M.
name: Das, R. K.
name: Hummel, Ch.
name: Kraus, S.
name: Lagadec, Eric
name: Morel, S.
name: Petr-Gotzens, M.
name: Rantakyro, F. T.
name: Schöller, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first high spatial resolution monitoring of the dust forming nova V1280 Sco performed with the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI). Spectra and visibilities were obtained from the onset of the dust formation 23 days after discovery till day 145, using the instruments AMBER and MIDI. These interferometric observations are complemented by near-infrared data from the 1.2m Mt. Abu Infrared Observatory, India. The observations are first interpreted with simple models but more complex models, involving a second shell, are necessary to explain the data obtained from t=110d after outburst. This behavior is in accordance with the light curve of V1280 Sco which exhibits a secondary peak around t=106d, followed by a new steep decline, suggesting a new dust forming event. Spherical dust shell models generated with the DUSTY code are also used to investigate the parameters of the main dust shell. Using uniform disk and Gaussian models, these observations allow us to determine an apparent linear expansion rate for the dust shell of 0.35 +/- 0.03 mas/day and the approximate time of ejection of the matter in which dust formed as t_ejec=10.5+/-7d, i.e. close to the maximum brightness. This information, combined with the expansion velocity of 500+/-100km/s, implies a distance estimate of 1.6+/-0.4kpc. The dust mass generated was typically 2-8 10^-9 solar mass per day. Considering that the dust forming event lasted at least 200-250d, the mass of the ejected material is likely to have exceeded 10^-4 solar mass.
Cross section for Bhabha and Compton scattering beyond quantum field theory
Creators: name: Moulin, Flora
name: Fabbri, Luca
name: Barrau, Aurélien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the theory of spinor fields written in polar form, that is the form in which the spinor components are given in terms of a module times a complex unitary phase respecting Lorentz covariance. In this formalism, spinors can be treated in their most general mathematical form, without the need to restrict them to plane waves. As a consequence, calculations of scattering amplitudes can be performed by employing the most general fermion propagator, and not only the free propagator usually employed in QFT. In this article, we use these quantities to perform calculations in two notable processes, the electron-positron and Compton scatterings. We show that although the methodology differs from the one used in QFT, the final results in the two examples turn out to give no correction as predicted by QFT.
description: 7 pages
D3.7 Report on integration of metadata catalogues
Creators: name: Lambert, Simon
name: Braukmann, Ricarda
name: Méndez, Eva
name: Sánchez, Marina
name: Davidson, Joy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: metadata catalogue integration
DCAT
DDI-CDI
FAIRsFAIR
interoperability

description: The preceding work of FAIRsFAIR in metadata catalogue integration was presented in deliverable D3.6 “Proposal on integration of metadata catalogues to support cross-disciplinary FAIR uptake”. The deliverable described the complex challenge of facilitating data discovery, and outlined the many approaches and metadata standards in use. It analysed the distinctions between data catalogues and metadata catalogues, and between domain-independent/agnostic metadata and domain-specific metadata. It analysed several domain-agnostic metadata standards and proposed a pilot activity to assess two particular domain-agnostic metadata standards, namely DCAT 2 and DDI-CDI. Subsequent work is reported in this deliverable. A series of workshops were held with stakeholders representing research communities and other interested parties. The rather ambitious pilot programme envisaged in D3.6 was reduced in scope to something more realistic and achievable: the pilot focused on exploring some of the practical implementation challenges that currently hinder the reuse of existing metadata mappings, to get a sense from different perspectives about the suitability of DCAT 2 and the planned improvements for DCAT 3 as an integration solution, and to consider some of the additional factors that should be addressed. It was further recognised that DCAT and DDI-CDI are not competing standards but complementary, with DCAT concerned with discoverability and DDI-CDI with interoperability. The FAIRsFAIR team worked with representatives from two of the thematic cluster projects (SSHOC and PaNOSC) and two service providers (B2FIND and OpenAIRE) to assess the feasibility of DCAT 2 from both the domain specific and aggregator perspectives. The intention is not to be prescriptive, but to energise the community and set the perspectives. In all cases a positive attitude to DCAT was revealed, with no obstacles in principle to its adoption. The key factor is the existence of demand in a world of constrained resources. Other issues also arose and are presented in this report, such as the implications of the differences between research domains, requirements for sustainability (in a broad sense), and an emergent desire for a central documented collection of metadata mappings. Work will continue in the remainder of the FAIRsFAIR project to progress community dialogue in these areas and to set up the living resources such as the collection of mappings.
Comparison of the heavy-fermion and Foldy-Wouthuysen formalisms at third order
Creators: name: Gardestig, A.
name: Kubodera, K.
name: Myhrer, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare two non-relativistic (NR) reduction schemes (heavy-fermion and Foldy-Wouthuysen) that are used to derive low-energy effective-field-theory Lagrangians. We give the explicit transformation between the two types of fields to O(1/m^2), derived from a quite general, relativistic Lagrangian. Beyond leading order the NR reductions always involve the smaller components of the Dirac spinors that are to be integrated out to formulate the NR theory. Even so, the transformation between the NR Lagrangians can be carried out explicitly to O(1/m^2) using a field renormalization, as long as the lower components of the Lagrangian are known. The fixed coefficient corrections to some low-energy constants at O(1/m^2) will depend on the particular scheme chosen, but will match after the field renormalization.
description: 16 pages, REVTeX4, no figures, v2: references added, minor modifications, to be published in PRC
Radio observations of the Horologium-Reticulum Supercluster -I. A3158: Excess star-forming galaxies in a merging cluster?
Creators: name: Johnston-Hollitt, M.
name: Sato, M.
name: Gill, J. A.
name: Fleenor, M. C.
name: Brick, A. -M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present 1.4 and 2.5 GHz Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) observations of the galaxy cluster A3158 (z=0.0597) which is located within the central part of the Horologium-Reticulum Supercluster (HRS). Spectroscopic data for the central part of the HRS suggest that A3158 is in a dynamically important position within the supercluster and that it is moving toward the double cluster system A3125/A3128 which marks the centre of the HRS. A total of 110 radio galaxies are detected in a 35 arcminute radius about the cluster at 1.4 GHz, of which 30 are also detected at 2.5 GHz.We examine the source counts and compute the Radio Luminosity Function (RLF) at 1.4 GHz from the subset of 88 sources found within the fullwidth half-power area of the ATCA beam. Comparison of the source counts in the area over the background, as computed by Prandoni et al. (2001), shows some evidence of an excess of galaxies with L(1.4) GHz < 2 x 10^22 W/Hz. This result seems to indicate a star forming population and is a result similar to that found recently by Owen et al. (2005) for the merging cluster A2125. In addition we find that the radio luminosity function for early-type galaxies (E and S0) below log P(1.4) = 22.5 is lower than that found for a composite cluster environment (Ledlow & Owen, 1996) but is similar to the early-type RLF for clusters in the centre of the Shapley Super cluster (Venturi et al. 2000) which are believed to be in the latter stages of merging. This result implies that the cores of superclusters are environments where radio emission, particularly resultant from AGN, is suppressed in the later stages of merging. Thus, radio observations of clusters might be sensitive indicators of the precise merger stage of the cluster but more observational evidence is still required to establish this trend.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures, accepted to MNRAS. High resolution versions of Figures 2 & 9 will be available online in MNRAS
HoneyModels: Machine Learning Honeypots
Creators: name: Abdou, Ahmed
name: Sheatsley, Ryan
name: Beugin, Yohan
name: Shipp, Tyler
name: McDaniel, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine Learning is becoming a pivotal aspect of many systems today, offering newfound performance on classification and prediction tasks, but this rapid integration also comes with new unforeseen vulnerabilities. To harden these systems the ever-growing field of Adversarial Machine Learning has proposed new attack and defense mechanisms. However, a great asymmetry exists as these defensive methods can only provide security to certain models and lack scalability, computational efficiency, and practicality due to overly restrictive constraints. Moreover, newly introduced attacks can easily bypass defensive strategies by making subtle alterations. In this paper, we study an alternate approach inspired by honeypots to detect adversaries. Our approach yields learned models with an embedded watermark. When an adversary initiates an interaction with our model, attacks are encouraged to add this predetermined watermark stimulating detection of adversarial examples. We show that HoneyModels can reveal 69.5% of adversaries attempting to attack a Neural Network while preserving the original functionality of the model. HoneyModels offer an alternate direction to secure Machine Learning that slightly affects the accuracy while encouraging the creation of watermarked adversarial samples detectable by the HoneyModel but indistinguishable from others for the adversary.
description: Published in: MILCOM 2021 - 2021 IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM)
D5.7 Recommendations for a FAIR EOSC - White Paper FAIRsFAIR Synchronisation Force 2021
Creators: name: Dillo, Ingrid
name: Hodson, Simon
name: Pittonet Gaiarin, Sara
name: Grootveld, Marjan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: FAIRsFAIR
EOSC
FAIR data

description: This FAIRsFAIR White Paper provides recommendations to the EOSC Partnership and the EOSC Association Task Forces in three areas related to the Strategic Research and Innovation Agenda (SRIA) of the EOSC: 1) FAIR by Design, 2) sustainability of the components: the federated data layer, and 3) a strategic and targeted approach to training. Addressing the recommendations will require the involvement of other stakeholders as well, such as research infrastructures, research funders, policy makers and projects, at national and international, domain and cross-domain levels. Recommendations for instruments to synchronise FAIR-related activities conclude this White Paper.
Doped carrier formulation of the t-J model: the projection constraint and the effective Kondo-Heisenberg lattice representation
Creators: name: Pepino, Rafael T.
name: Ferraz, Alvaro
name: Kochetov, Evgueny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the recently proposed doped carrier Hamiltonian formulation of the t-J model should be complemented with the constraint that projects out the unphysical states. With this new important ingredient, the previously used and seemingly different spin-fermion representations of the t-J model are shown to be gauge related to each other. This new constraint can be treated in a controlled way close to half-filling suggesting that the doped carrier representation provides an appropriate theoretical framework to address the t-J model in this region. This constraint also suggests that the t-J model can be mapped onto a Kondo-Heisenberg lattice model. Such a mapping highlights important physical similarities between the quasi two-dimensional heavy fermions and the high-T$_c$ superconductors. Finally we discuss the physical implications of our model representation relating in particular the small versus large Fermi surface crossover to the closure of the lattice spin gap.
description: corrected and enlarged version
Entanglement of superconducting charge qubits by homodyne measurement
Creators: name: Rodrigues, D. A.
name: Jarvis, C. E. A.
name: Györffy, B. L.
name: Spiller, T. P.
name: Annett, J. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a scheme by which projective homodyne measurement of a microwave resonator can be used to generate entanglement between two superconducting charge qubits coupled to this resonator. The non-interacting qubits are initialised in a product of their ground states, the resonator is initialised in a coherent field state, and the state of the system is allowed to evolve under a rotating wave Hamiltonian. Making a homodyne measurement on the resonator at a given time projects the qubits into an state of the form (|gg> + exp(-i phi)|ee>)/sqrt(2). This protocol can produce states with a fidelity as high as required, with a probability approaching 0.5. Although the system described is one that can be used to display revival in the qubit oscillations, we show that the entanglement procedure works at much shorter timescales.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures
Frequency metrology on the 4s 2S1/2 - 4p 2P1/2 transition in the calcium ion for a comparison with quasar data
Creators: name: Wolf, A. L.
name: Berg, S. A. van den
name: Gohle, C.
name: Salumbides, E. J.
name: Ubachs, W.
name: Eikema, K. S. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High accuracy frequency metrology on the 4s 2S1/2 - 4p 2P1/2 transition in calcium ions is performed using laser cooled and crystallized ions in a linear Paul trap. Calibration is performed with a frequency comb laser, resulting in a transition frequency of f=755222766.2(1.7) MHz. The accuracy presents an improvement of more than one order of magnitude, and will facilitate a comparison with quasar data in a search for a possible change of the fine structure constant on a cosmological time scale.
description: Corrected typos (including one on the axis of figure 6)
A Logical Model and Data Placement Strategies for MEMS Storage Devices
Creators: name: Kim, Yi-Reun
name: Whang, Kyu-Young
name: Kim, Min-Soo
name: Song, Il-Yeol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: MEMS storage devices are new non-volatile secondary storages that have outstanding advantages over magnetic disks. MEMS storage devices, however, are much different from magnetic disks in the structure and access characteristics. They have thousands of heads called probe tips and provide the following two major access facilities: (1) flexibility: freely selecting a set of probe tips for accessing data, (2) parallelism: simultaneously reading and writing data with the set of probe tips selected. Due to these characteristics, it is nontrivial to find data placements that fully utilize the capability of MEMS storage devices. In this paper, we propose a simple logical model called the Region-Sector (RS) model that abstracts major characteristics affecting data retrieval performance, such as flexibility and parallelism, from the physical MEMS storage model. We also suggest heuristic data placement strategies based on the RS model and derive new data placements for relational data and two-dimensional spatial data by using those strategies. Experimental results show that the proposed data placements improve the data retrieval performance by up to 4.0 times for relational data and by up to 4.8 times for two-dimensional spatial data of approximately 320 Mbytes compared with those of existing data placements. Further, these improvements are expected to be more marked as the database size grows.
description: 37 pages
Policy evidence framework checklist
Creators: name: L'Hours, Hervé
name: Cepinskas, Linas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: policy
policy evidence
planning
policy evidence framework
checklist
data services

description: This checklist is designed to support the implementation of the policy-evidence planning framework. It includes a generic checklist and some preservation policy specific elements which are relevant to data repositories and other digital preservation services. Objectives: • To identify the status of relevant policy components to have a policy in place. • To structure and plan the writing process of the policy. Keep in mind that the construction of a policy depends on the context of your organisation. There is no one-size-fits-all solution, and you can adjust the content, format and style of your policy accordingly.
description: This checklist builds on an earlier developed worksheet (https://zenodo.org/record/4541415#.YZ-vlC1Q1QI) to support selected repositories in the FAIRsFAIR repository support programme in getting CoreTrustSeal certification. This checklist is not endorsed by the CoreTrustSeal Board and will not guarantee certification
Spin-polarized tunneling currents through a ferromagnetic insulator between two metallic or superconducting leads
Creators: name: Sandschneider, N.
name: Nolting, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the Keldysh formalism the tunneling current through a hybrid structure where a confined magnetic insulator (I) is sandwiched between two non-magnetic leads is calculated. The leads can be either normal metals (M) or superconductors (S). Each region is modelled as a single band in tight-binding approximation in order to understand the formation of the tunneling current as clearly as possible. The tunneling process itself is simulated by a hybridization between the lead and insulator conduction bands. The insulator is assumed to have localized moments which can interact with the tunneling electrons. This is described by the Kondo Lattice Model (KLM) and treated within an interpolating self-energy approach. For the superconductor the mean-field BCS theory is used. The spin polarization of the current shows a strong dependence both on the applied voltage and the properties of the materials. Even for this idealized three band model there is a qualitative agreement with experiment.
description: 15 pages, 23 figures, accepted for publication in PRB
Experimental investigation of a control scheme for a zero-detuning resonant sideband extraction interferometer for next-generation gravitational-wave detectors
Creators: name: Kawazoe, Fumiko
name: Fukushima, Mitsuhiro
name: Kawamura, Seiji
name: Leonhardt, Volker
name: Miyakawa, Osamu
name: Morioka, Tomoko
name: Nishizawa, Atsushi
name: Sato, Shuichi
name: Somiya, Kentaro
name: Sugamoto, Akio
name: Yamazaki, Toshitaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some next-generation gravitational-wave detectors, such as the American Advanced LIGO project and the Japanese LCGT project, plan to use power recycled resonant sideband extraction (RSE) interferometers for their interferometer's optical configuration. A power recycled zero-detuning (PRZD) RSE interferometer, which is the default design for LCGT, has five main length degrees of freedom that need to be controlled in order to operate a gravitational-wave detector. This task is expected to be very challenging because of the complexity of optical configuration. A new control scheme for a PRZD RSE interferometer has been developed and tested with a prototype interferometer. The PRZD RSE interferometer was successfully locked with the control scheme. It is the first experimental demonstration of a PRZD RSE interferometer with suspended test masses. The result serves as an important step for the operation of LCGT.
description: 6 pages, 9 figrues
Illusory Essences: A Bias Holding Back Theorizing in Psychological Science.
Creators: name: Brick, C
name: Hood, B
name: Ekroll, V
name: De-Wit, Lee
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021

description: The reliance in psychology on verbal definitions means that psychological research is unusually moored to how humans think and communicate about categories. Psychological concepts (e.g., intelligence, attention) are easily assumed to represent objective, definable categories with an underlying essence. Like the "vital forces" previously thought to animate life, these assumed essences can create an illusion of understanding. By synthesizing a wide range of research lines from cognitive, clinical, and biological psychology and neuroscience, we describe a pervasive tendency across psychological science to assume that essences explain phenomena. Labeling a complex phenomenon can appear as theoretical progress before there is sufficient evidence that the described category has a definable essence or known boundary conditions. Category labels can further undermine progress by masking contingent and contextual relationships and obscuring the need to specify mechanisms. Finally, we highlight examples of promising methods that circumvent the lure of essences and suggest four concrete strategies for identifying and avoiding essentialist intuitions in theory development.
Phase field model of interfaces in single-component systems derived from classical density functional theory
Creators: name: Pruessner, Gunnar
name: Sutton, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phase field models have been applied in recent years to grain boundaries in single-component systems. The models are based on the minimization of a free energy functional, which is constructed phenomenologically rather than being derived from first principles. In single-component systems the free energy is a functional of a ``phase field'', which is an order parameter often referred to as the crystallinity in the context of grain boundaries, but with no precise definition as to what that term means physically. We present a derivation of the phase field model by Allen and Cahn from classical density functional theory first for crystal-liquid interfaces and then for grain boundaries. The derivation provides a clear physical interpretation of the phase field, and it sheds light on the parameters and the underlying approximations and limitations of the theory. We suggest how phase field models may be improved.
description: RevTeX, 14 pages, 1 figure
Thermal description of hadron production in e+e- collisions revisited
Creators: name: Andronic, A.
name: Beutler, F.
name: Braun-Munzinger, P.
name: Redlich, K.
name: Stachel, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive analysis of hadron production in e+e- collisions at different center-of-mass energies in the framework of the statistical model of the hadron resonance gas. The model is formulated in the canonical ensemble with exact conservation of all relevant quantum numbers. The parameters of the underlying model were determined using a fit to the average multiplicities of the latest measurements at $\sqrt{s}$ = 10, 29-35, 91 and 130-200 GeV. The results demonstrate that, within the accuracy of the experiments, none of the data sets is satisfactorily described with this approach, calling into question the notion that particle production in e+e- collisions is thermal in origin.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures; v2: final version accepted for publication in Phys. Lett. B
M7.8 Organisation of Three University Workshops
Creators: name: Garbuglia, Federica
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: FAIRsFAIR
FAIR Data Principles
Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs)

description: This is a milestone for the FAIRsFAIR project. It describes three university workshops organised in 2021. The first workshop was titled 'FAIR Data Competences in Doctoral Education Programmes', and was organised by EUA and the University of Minho with the support of the EUA Council for Doctoral Education (EUA CDE) on 26-27 May 2021 in an online setting. The second workshop, titled 'Training the Trainers: Data Management and FAIR Data Principles in University Curricula, was organised in an online setting by EUA and the University of Amsterdam on 15 September 2021. The third and final workshop was titled 'Practical Implementation of FAIR-related Content in University Curricula and Teaching', and was organised by EUA and the University of Göttingen on 12 October 2021 in an online setting.
Evolution of Splashback Boundaries and Gaseous Outskirts: Insights from Mergers of Self-similar Galaxy Clusters
Creators: name: Zhang, Congyao
name: Zhuravleva, Irina
name: Kravtsov, Andrey
name: Churazov, Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A self-similar spherical collapse model predicts a dark matter (DM) splashback and accretion shock in the outskirts of galaxy clusters while misses a key ingredient of structure formation - processes associated with mergers. To fill this gap, we perform simulations of merging self-similar clusters and investigate their DM and gas evolution in an idealized cosmological context. Our simulations show that the cluster rapidly contracts during the major merger and the splashback radius $r_{\rm sp}$ decreases, approaching the virial radius $r_{\rm vir}$. While $r_{\rm sp}$ correlates with a smooth mass accretion rate (MAR) parameter $Γ_{\rm s}$ in the self-similar model, our simulations show a similar trend with the total MAR $Γ_{\rm vir}$ (includes both mergers and $Γ_{\rm s}$). The scatter of the $Γ_{\rm vir}-r_{\rm sp}/r_{\rm vir}$ relation indicates a generally low $Γ_{\rm s}\sim1$ in clusters in cosmological simulations. In contrast to the DM, the hot gaseous atmospheres significantly expand by the merger-accelerated (MA-) shocks formed when the runaway merger shocks overtake the outer accretion shock. After a major merger, the MA-shock radius is larger than $r_{\rm sp}$ by a factor of up to $\sim1.7$ for $Γ_{\rm s}\lesssim1$ and is $\sim r_{\rm sp}$ for $Γ_{\rm s}\gtrsim3$. This implies that (1) mergers could easily generate the MA-shock-splashback offset measured in cosmological simulations, and (2) the smooth MAR is small in regions away from filaments where MA-shocks reside. We further discuss various shocks and contact discontinuities formed at different epochs of the merger, the ram pressure stripping in cluster outskirts, and the dependence of member galaxies' splashback feature on their orbital parameters.
description: 25 pages, 24 figures, submitted to MNRAS. Comments are welcome
M6.9 Report on Final Review of Fair Competencies Landscape
Creators: name: Newbold, Elizabeth
name: Kayumbi-Kabye, Gabin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: FAIR data principles
FAIR Competencies
FAIRsFAIR
FAIR Competence Centre

description: This report is a milestone of the FAIRsFAIR project. The purpose of the milestone is to provide a periodic review of FAIR competencies landscape during the course of the project. The report summarises some of the models of competence centre support available to communities of practice at the national, regional and EOSC level that have become available or changed in the 18 months since the initial landscaping activities conducted by FAIRsFAIR in 2019 and reported in D6.1 Overview of needs for competence centres.
Negative Energy in Superposition and Entangled States
Creators: name: Ford, L. H.
name: Roman, Thomas A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the maximum negative energy density which can be attained in various quantum states of a massless scalar field. We consider states in which either one or two modes are excited, and show that the energy density can be given in terms of a small number of parameters. We calculate these parameters for several examples of superposition states for one mode, and entangled states for two modes, and find the maximum magnitude of the negative energy density in these states. We consider several states which have been, or potentially will be, generated in quantum optics experiments.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures
An Operational Matrix of Fractional Derivatives of Laguerre Polynomials
Creators: name: Mohamed Abdelhalim ABDELKAWY, Taha Mohamed TAHA
Publisher: name: Walailak University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Multi-term fractional differential equations, nonlinear fractional differential equations, operational matrix, Laguerre polynomials, Tau method, collocation method, Caputo derivative

description: 12, 11, Walailak Journal of Science and Technology
Evaluation of Gas Solid Reactions in Packed Bed Applying Differential Transformation Method
Creators: name: Arash YAHYAZADEH, Hossein YAHYAZADEH
Publisher: name: Walailak University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Gas solid reactions, packed bed, differential transformation method (DTM), Laplace transform, analytical methods

description: 12, 11, Walailak Journal of Science and Technology
Inclination-type resonance in two-planet systems
Creators: name: Sotiriadis, Sotiris
name: Libert, Anne-Sophie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the inclination-growth mechanisms for two-planet systems during the late protoplanetary disc phase. In previous works, much attention has been directed to the inclination-type resonance, and it has been shown that it asks for high eccentricities to be acquired during the migration of the giant planets. By adopting eccentricity and inclination damping formulae based on hydrodynamical simulations (instead of the K-prescription), we have carried out 20 000 numerical simulations, where we vary the initial planetary eccentricities, the migration rate, and the dispersal time of the gas disc. Our results confirm that highly mutually inclined systems are unlikely to be produced by an inclination-type resonance of two migrating giant planets. However, in ~1 per cent of the simulations, inclination-type resonance is observed, and a dynamical study of the evolutions reveals that the inclination-type resonance mechanism operates in three cases: (i) when the inner planet reaches the inner cavity of the disc, (ii) at moderate to high eccentricities for faster migration rates, and (iii) at low to moderate eccentricities after a phase of orbital destabilization and re-arrangement.
description: Published in MNRAS
High thermoelectric power factor of poly(3-hexylthiophene) through in-plane alignment and doping with a molybdenum dithiolene complex
Creators: name: Untilova, Viktoriia
name: Hynynen, Jonna
name: Hofmann, Anna I.
name: Scheunemann, Dorothea
name: Zhang, Yadong
name: Barlow, Stephen
name: Kemerink, Martijn
name: Marder, Seth R.
name: Biniek, Laure
name: Müller, Christian
name: Brinkmann, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we report a record thermoelectric power factor of up to 160 $μ$ W m-1 K-2 for the conjugated polymer poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT). This result is achieved through the combination of high-temperature rubbing of thin films together with the use of a large molybdenum dithiolene p-dopant with a high electron affinity. Comparison of the UV-vis-NIR spectra of the chemically doped samples to electrochemically oxidized material reveals an oxidation level of 10%, i.e. one polaron for every 10 repeat units. The high power factor arises due to an increase in the charge-carrier mobility and hence electrical conductivity along the rubbing direction. We conclude that P3HT, with its facile synthesis and outstanding processability, should not be ruled out as a potential thermoelectric material.
Framework and specifications for the nutritional composition of a food supplement for pregnant and lactating women (PLW) in undernourished and low income settings.
Creators: name: Members Of An Expert Consultation On Nutritious Food Supplements For Pregnant And Lactating Women
Publisher: name: Gates Open Research
Year: 2019

description: This document is a report by an expert group capturing the considerations and consensus of the expert consultation on the framework and specifications for macro- and micronutrient composition, form and type, and use-case for nutritious, ready-to-use food supplements for pregnant and lactating women who are inadequately nourished, and/or at-risk of suboptimal nutrient intake related to food insecurity (e.g. residing in food insecure household) or in an area affected by (seasonal food insecurity) in low and middle income country settings. The consultation was held at the Bill & Melinda Gates foundation on Sept 19-20, 2016 and the report was finalized in April 2017.