title: PVP-coated, negatively charged silver nanoparticles
title: A multi-center study of their physicochemical characteristics, cell culture and in vivo experiments
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Ahlberg, Sebastian
name: Antonopulos, Alexandra
name: Diendorf, Jörg
name: Dringen, Ralf
name: Epple, Matthias
name: Flöck, Rebekka
name: Goedecke, Wolfgang
name: Graf, Christina
name: Haberl, Nadine
name: Helmlinger, Jens
name: Herzog, Fabian
name: Heuer, Frederike
name: Hirn, Stephanie
name: Johannes, Christian
name: Kittler, Stefanie
name: Köller, Manfred
name: Korn, Katrin
name: Kreyling, Wolfgang G.
name: Krombach, Fritz
name: Lademann, Jürgen
name: Loza, Kateryna
name: Luther, Eva M.
name: Malissek, Marcelina
name: Meinke, Martina C.
name: Nordmeyer, Daniel
name: Pailliart, Anne
name: Raabe, Jörg
name: Rancan, Fiorenza
name: Rothen-Rutishauser, Barbara
name: Rühl, Eckart
name: Schleh, Carsten
name: Seibel, Andreas
name: Sengstock, Christina
name: Treuel, Lennart
name: Vogt, Annika
name: Weber, Katrin
name: Zellner, Reinhard
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: PVP-capped silver nanoparticles with a diameter of the metallic core of 70 nm, a hydrodynamic diameter of 120 nm and a zeta potential of −20 mV were prepared and investigated with regard to their biological activity. This review summarizes the physicochemical properties (dissolution, protein adsorption, dispersability) of these nanoparticles and the cellular consequences of the exposure of a broad range of biological test systems to this defined type of silver nanoparticles. Silver nanoparticles dissolve in water in the presence of oxygen. In addition, in biological media (i.e., in the presence of proteins) the surface of silver nanoparticles is rapidly coated by a protein corona that influences their physicochemical and biological properties including cellular uptake. Silver nanoparticles are taken up by cell-type specific endocytosis pathways as demonstrated for hMSC, primary T-cells, primary monocytes, and astrocytes. A visualization of particles inside cells is possible by X-ray microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, and combined FIB/SEM analysis. By staining organelles, their localization inside the cell can be additionally determined. While primary brain astrocytes are shown to be fairly tolerant toward silver nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles induce the formation of DNA double-strand-breaks (DSB) and lead to chromosomal aberrations and sister-chromatid exchanges in Chinese hamster fibroblast cell lines (CHO9, K1, V79B). An exposure of rats to silver nanoparticles in vivo induced a moderate pulmonary toxicity, however, only at rather high concentrations. The same was found in precision-cut lung slices of rats in which silver nanoparticles remained mainly at the tissue surface. In a human 3D triple-cell culture model consisting of three cell types (alveolar epithelial cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells), adverse effects were also only found at high silver concentrations. The silver ions that are released from silver nanoparticles may be harmful to skin with disrupted barrier (e.g., wounds) and induce oxidative stress in skin cells (HaCaT). In conclusion, the data obtained on the effects of this well-defined type of silver nanoparticles on various biological systems clearly demonstrate that cell-type specific properties as well as experimental conditions determine the biocompatibility of and the cellular responses to an exposure with silver nanoparticles.