cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Escaping stars from young low-N clusters
Creators: name: Weidner, Carsten
name: Bonnell, Ian A.
name: Moeckel, Nickolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the use of N-body calculations the amount and properties of escaping stars from low-N (N = 100 and 1000) young embedded star clusters prior to gas expulsion are studied over the first 5 Myr of their existence. Besides the number of stars also different initial radii and binary populations are examined as well as virialised and collapsing clusters. It is found that these clusters can loose substantial amounts (up to 20%) of stars within 5 Myr with considerable velocities up to more than 100 km/s. Even with their mean velocities between 2 and 8 km/s these stars will still be travelling between 2 and 30 pc during the 5 Myr. Therefore can large amounts of distributed stars in star-forming regions not necessarily be counted as evidence for the isolated formation of stars.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication by MNRAS
The Swift-BAT survey reveals the orbital period of three high-mass X-ray binaries
Creators: name: D'Aì, A.
name: La Parola, V.
name: Cusumano, G.
name: Segreto, A.
name: Romano, P.
name: Vercellone, S.
name: Robba, N. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A growing number of previously hidden Galactic X-ray sources are now detected with recent surveys performed by the Integral and Swift satellites. Most of these new sources eluded past surveys due to their large local X-ray extinction and consequent low soft X-ray flux. The Swift-BAT performs daily monitoring of the sky in an energy band (15-150 keV) which is only marginally affected by X-ray extinction, thus allowing for the search of long periodicities in the light curve and identification of the nature of the X-ray sources. We performed a period search using the folding technique in the Swift-BAT light curves of three Integral sources: IGR J05007-7047, IGR J13186-6257 and IGR J17354-3255. Their periodograms show significant peaks at 30.77$\pm$0.01 d, 19.994$\pm$0.01 d and 8.448$\pm$0.002 d, respectively. We estimate the significance of these features from the chi squared distribution of all the trials, finding a probability less than 1.5$\times10^{-4}$ that the detections occurred due to chance. We complement our analysis with the study of their broadband X-ray emission. We identify the periodicities with the orbital periods of the sources. The periods are typical for the wind accretors X-ray binaries and we support this identification showing that also their energy spectra are compatible with an X-ray spectral emission characteristic of high-mass X-ray binaries. The spectrum of IGR J05007-704 that resides in the Large Magellanic Cloud, does not show any intrinsic local absorption, whereas the spectra of the Galactic sources IGR J17354-3255 and IGR J13186-6257 may be affected by a local absorber. The folded light curve for IGR J13186-6257 suggests a possible Be companion star.
description: 10 pages, 14 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
Spin Waves and magnetic exchange interactions in insulating Rb$_{0.89}$Fe$_{1.58}$Se$_2$
Creators: name: Wang, Miaoyin
name: Fang, Chen
name: Yao, Dao-Xin
name: Tan, GuoTai
name: Harriger, Leland W.
name: Song, Yu
name: Netherton, Tucker
name: Zhang, Chenglin
name: Wang, Meng
name: Stone, Matthew B.
name: Tian, Wei
name: Hu, Jiangping
name: Dai, Pengcheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of alkaline iron selenide $A$Fe$_{1.6+x}$Se$_2$ ($A=$ K, Rb, Cs) superconductors has generated considerable excitement in the condensed matter physics community because superconductivity in these materials may have a different origin from the sign reversed s-wave electron pairing mechanism, a leading candidate proposed for all other Fe-based superconductors. Although $A$Fe$_{1.6+x}$Se$_2$ are isostructural with the metallic antiferromagnetic (AF) iron pnictides such as (Ba,Ca,Sr)Fe$_2$As$_2$, they are insulators near $x=0$ and form a $\sqrt{5}\times\sqrt{5}$ blocked AF structure (Fig. 1a) completely different from the iron pnictides. If magnetism is responsible for superconductivity of all iron-based materials, it is important to determine their common magnetic features. Here we use neutron scattering to map out spin waves in the AF insulating Rb$_{0.89}$Fe$_{1.58}$Se$_2$. We find that although Rb$_{0.89}$Fe$_{1.58}$Se$_2$ has a N$\rm \acute{e}$el temperature ($T_N=475$ K) much higher than that of the iron pnictides ($T_N\leq 220$ K), spin waves for both classes of materials have similar zone boundary energies. A comparison of the fitted effective exchange couplings using a local moment Heisenberg Hamiltonian in Rb$_{0.89}$Fe$_{1.58}$Se$_2$, (Ba,Ca,Sr)Fe$_2$As$_2$, and iron chalcogenide Fe$_{1.05}$Te reveals that their next nearest neighbor (NNN) exchange couplings are similar. Therefore, superconductivity in all Fe-based materials may have a common magnetic origin that is intimately associated with the NNN magnetic exchange interactions, even though they have metallic or insulating ground states, different AF orders and electronic band structures.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
Namaquanthus vanheerdei L. Bolus
Creators: name: Klak, Cornelia
name: Hanáček, Pavel
name: Bruyns, Peter V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Caryophyllales
Aizoaceae
Namaquanthus
Namaquanthus vanheerdei

description:  Additional specimens examined: Namaquanthus vanheerdei: — SOUTH AFRICA. Northern Cape, 30 km east of Port Nolloth, 2917 AD, on quartzitic slopes, 11 Jul 1998, Klak 493 (BOL).
description: Published as part of Klak, Cornelia, Hanáček, Pavel & Bruyns, Peter V., 2023, Two New Species of Aizoaceae (Ruschieae, Ruschoideae) from the Cape, South Africa., pp. 16-23 in Haseltonia 29 (1) on page 23, DOI: 10.2985/026.029.0103, http://zenodo.org/record/7877317
Enhancing the EU's Transboundary Crisis Management Capacity: Recommendations for Practice
Creators: name: Boin, Arjen
name: Lodge, Martin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: EU studies, Political systems and institutions, governance, Public administration, political leadership, crisis management, transboundary crisis, multi-level governance

description: The Horizon 2020 TransCrisis project has studied the EU’s capacities to deal with

transboundary crises and how these capacities are related to Member State capacities and

their governance arrangements.1 We found that the European Union (EU) has many

capacities of different types (plans, alert systems, regulations, ad hoc systems) that can be

employed to organise a response against transboundary crises. But these capacities are

scattered across institutions and agencies, their use is not always clearly defined, and their

performance is uneven at best.

We argue that these capacities and their governance arrangements should be strengthened,

and urgently so. We also offer a set of recommendations to decision-makers at both the EU

and the member-state level to enhance these capacities. This document should be read as an

addendum to our White Paper, which laid the groundwork for this prescriptive effort.2

Both the White Paper and these recommendations for the world of practice are motivated by

one overriding concern: the prospect of more, and more serious, crises that threaten the wellbeing

of European citizens and undermine the legitimacy of its institutions. In light of these

developments, we offer practical suggestions for enhancing particular processes,

mechanisms and organisations to deal with a variety of transboundary threats. Our

suggestions come, by necessity, in the form of a menu: certain courses fit certain appetites. It

is for the practitioner to assess what the best match between threat and prescription is.
Scrutiny of the so-called Einstein’s Causality
Creators: name: Hassani, Mohamed Elmansour
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Special Relativity

description: In the present paper, the so-called Einstein’s causality is scrutinized and proven to be an illusion, a sortof mathematical fallacy. Causality as a well-established universal principle was and is absolutely valid forsubluminal, luminal and superluminal signals under any natural and/or artificial circumstances. It is also shown thatconceptually special relativity theory (SRT) is inapplicable to superluminality of physical phenomena since SRThas the light speed in vacuum as an upper limiting speed in its own proper domain of applications, and also becauseSRT is crucially based on the concept of inertial reference frames (IRFs) which are related to each other by Lorentztransformations, that is why the relative velocity of any two IRFs must be smaller than light speed.
title: PR-ÑÐ¾Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð¶Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¼Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ¶Ð½ÑÑ Ð¾ÑÐ³Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¹ (Ð½Ð° Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÑÐµ ÐÐÐ£ Â«ÐÐ¾Ð´ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐºÐ¾Ð²Ð¾-Ð¼Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ¶Ð½ÑÐ¹ ÑÐµÐ½ÑÑ Â«Ð®Ð±Ð¸Ð»ÐµÐ¹Ð½ÑÐ¹Â»)
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: PR-support of youth organizations (on the example of GAâ Teenage and Youth Center âJubileeâ)
Creators: name: ÐÐµÑÐ°ÑÑÐºÐ¾Ð²Ð°, ÐÐ½Ð½Ð°
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2020
Subjects: pr-ÑÐ¾Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð¶Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ
Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐºÐ¾Ð²Ð¾-Ð¼Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ¶Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¾ÑÐ³Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ñ
ÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÐµ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¸Ñ
pr-ÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¸
pr-ÐºÐ°Ð¼Ð¿Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ
Ð´Ð¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ
Ð¼Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ¶Ñ
pr-support
teen-youth organization
special events
pr-technologies
pr-campaign
additional education
youth

description: ÐÐ°Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð° Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ PR-ÑÐ¾Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð¶Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ¶Ð½ÑÑ Ð¾ÑÐ³Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¸ ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ¸ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÐµÐ¿ÑÐ¸Ð¸ PR-ÐºÐ°Ð¼Ð¿Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¸ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÐÐÐ£ Â«ÐÐ¾Ð´ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐºÐ¾Ð²Ð¾-Ð¼Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ¶Ð½ÑÐ¹ ÑÐµÐ½ÑÑ Â«Ð®Ð±Ð¸Ð»ÐµÐ¹Ð½ÑÐ¹Â».
description: This work is devoted to the study of PR support of youth organizations and the development of the concept of a PR campaign for GBU "Teenage and Youth Center" Jubilee ".
MICADO: the E-ELT Adaptive Optics Imaging Camera
Creators: name: Davies, R.
name: Team, MICADO
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MICADO is the adaptive optics imaging camera for the E-ELT. It has been designed and optimised to be mounted to the LGS-MCAO system MAORY, and will provide diffraction limited imaging over a wide (about 1 arcmin) field of view. For initial operations, it can also be used with its own simpler AO module that provides on-axis diffraction limited performance using natural guide stars. We discuss the instrument's key capabilities and expected performance, and show how the science drivers have shaped its design. We outline the technical concept, from the opto-mechanical design to operations and data processing. We describe the AO module, summarise the instrument performance, and indicate some possible future developments.
description: Contribution to "Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy III', SPIE 7735-80 (June 2010). High resolution version can be found at http://spiedl.org
Mid-Infrared Evidence for Accelerated Evolution in Compact Group Galaxies
Creators: name: Walker, Lisa May
name: Johnson, Kelsey E.
name: Gallagher, Sarah C.
name: Hibbard, John E.
name: Hornschemeier, Ann E.
name: Tzanavaris, Panayiotis
name: Charlton, Jane C.
name: Jarrett, Thomas H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Compact galaxy groups are at the extremes of the group environment, with high number densities and low velocity dispersions that likely affect member galaxy evolution. To explore the impact of this environment in detail, we examine the distribution in the mid-infrared (MIR) 3.6-8.0 micron colorspace of 42 galaxies from 12 Hickson compact groups in comparison with several control samples, including the LVL+SINGS galaxies, interacting galaxies, and galaxies from the Coma Cluster. We find that the HCG galaxies are strongly bimodal, with statistically significant evidence for a gap in their distribution. In contrast, none of the other samples show such a marked gap, and only galaxies in the Coma infall region have a distribution that is statistically consistent with the HCGs in this parameter space. To further investigate the cause of the HCG gap, we compare the galaxy morphologies of the HCG and LVL+SINGS galaxies, and also probe the specific star formation rate (SSFR) of the HCG galaxies. While galaxy morphology in HCG galaxies is strongly linked to position with MIR colorspace, the more fundamental property appears to be the SSFR, or star formation rate normalized by stellar mass. We conclude that the unusual MIR color distribution of HCG galaxies is a direct product of their environment, which is most similar to that of the Coma infall region. In both cases, galaxy densities are high, but gas has not been fully processed or stripped. We speculate that the compact group environment fosters accelerated evolution of galaxies from star-forming and neutral gas-rich to quiescent and neutral gas-poor, leaving few members in the MIR gap at any time.
description: 34 pages, 18 figures. Accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal
Intricacies of Strain and Magnetic Field Induced Charge Order Melting in Pr0.5Ca0.5MnO3 Thin Films
Creators: name: Baisnab, Dipak Kumar
name: Kumary, T. Geetha
name: Satya, A. T.
name: Mani, Awadhesh
name: Janaki, J.
name: Nithya, R.
name: Vaidhyanathan, L. S.
name: Janawadkar, M. P.
name: Bharathi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thin films of the half doped manganite Pr0.5Ca0.5MnO3 were grown on (100) oriented MgO substrates by pulsed laser deposition technique. In order to study the effect of strain on the magnetic field induced charge order melting, films of different thicknesses were prepared and their properties were studied by x-ray diffraction, electrical resistivity and magnetoresistance measurements. A field induced charge order melting is observed for films with very small thicknesses. The charge order transition temperature and the magnetic filed induced charge order melting are observed to depend on the nature of strain that is experienced by the film.
description: 18 pages, (including 6 figures)
Some practical limits on achievable precision of determination of nuclear-physics parameters
Creators: name: Sukhovoj, A. M.
name: Khitrov, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The status of experiments on determination of level density and partial widths of the nuclear reaction products emission in diapason of nucleon binding energy is presented. There are analyzed the sources and magnitude of probable systematical uncertainties of their determination. The maximally achievable precision of these parameters is estimated, as well. There is considered ability of new method for determination of distribution parameters of neutron resonances reduced widths in order to distinguish their groups with the same structure of wave functions. It was obtained in both cases that the insufficient value of maximally achievable precision of the parameters of the experimental data analysis does not allow one to obtain reliable and detailed information on the studied nuclear properties -- its entropy, strength functions of nuclear products emission and dominant level structure above 0.5Bn.
description: 7 pages
Dissecting Galaxies with Adaptive Optics
Creators: name: Davies, Richard
name: Engel, Hauke
name: Hicks, Erin
name: Schreiber, Natascha Foerster
name: Genzel, Reinhard
name: Tacconi, Linda
name: Eisenhauer, Frank
name: Rabien, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe several projects addressing the growth of galaxies and massive black holes, for which adaptive optics is mandatory to reach high spatial resolution but is also a challenge due to the lack of guide stars and long integrations. In each case kinematics of the stars and gas, derived from integral field spectroscopy, plays a key role. We explain why deconvolution is not an option, and that instead the PSF is used to convolve a physical model to the required resolution. We discuss the level of detail with which the PSF needs to be known, and the ways available to derive it. We explain how signal-to-noise can limit the resolution achievable and show there are many science cases that require high, but not necessarily diffraction limited, resolution. Finally, we consider what requirements astrometry and photometry place on adaptive optics performance and design.
description: Contribution to "Adaptive Optics Systems II", SPIE 7736-51 (June 2010). High resolution version can be found at http://spiedl.org
Mobilizing after disasters in advanced industrial democracies
Creators: name: Matejova, Miriam
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2019

description: Environmental disasters are frequently catalysts for social and political change. Yet, disasters of similar scale and impact seem to encourage collective action in some cases but fail to do so in others. For example, while some large oil spills have generated mass nationwide (and international) protests, others have gone largely unnoticed and protests, if any, remained small and localized. If disasters are political triggering events, as the existing literature suggests, why do they often fail to generate large scale collective action? In fact, why do some highly damaging industrial environmental disasters succeed, and others fail to catalyze protest movements? This research strives to explain a variation in the occurrence and size of non-violent protest after industrial environmental disasters in advanced democracies. I examine the mobilizing effects of disaster type and location, the underlying societal conditions conducive to protest, and the ‘language of disasters’ in post-disaster communication. I argue that in addition to grievances, resources, political opportunities, and framing, uncertainty about disaster impacts plays a crucial role in the protest mobilization process, one that has not been fully explored by scholars. Specifically, while uncertainty may have a dampening effect on protest mobilization, this effect is conditioned by people’s pre-existing beliefs, and particularly political ideology. Left-leaning (i.e., more liberal) individuals resist the dampening effect of uncertainty, while right-leaning (i.e., more conservative) individuals embrace it. This research draws on theories of social movements and framing as well as insights from previously studied disasters; it involves an in-depth analysis of cases of industrial disasters with large environmental impacts, including the 2014 Mount Polley mine leak, the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill, and the 2011 Fukushima nuclear disaster. The cases were selected due to the varying protest sizes following these events. To allow for a systematic examination of different factors linked to post-disaster protest, this research employs several methods and tools, including a geographic information systems (GIS) analysis, qualitative comparative analysis (QCA), content analysis, and survey experiment. Such multi-method approach is most suitable for answering the variety and complexity of questions this research poses.
Ab-initio calculation of the Gilbert damping parameter via linear response formalism
Creators: name: Ebert, H.
name: Mankovsky, S.
name: Koedderitzsch, D.
name: Kelly, P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Kubo-Greenwood-like equation for the Gilbert damping parameter $α$ is presented that is based on the linear response formalism. Its implementation using the fully relativistic Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker (KKR) band structure method in combination with Coherent Potential Approximation (CPA) alloy theory allows it to be applied to a wide range of situations. This is demonstrated with results obtained for the bcc alloy system Fe$_x$Co$_{1-x}$ as well as for a series of alloys of permalloy with 5d transition metals. To account for the thermal displacements of atoms as a scattering mechanism, an alloy-analogy model is introduced. The corresponding calculations for Ni correctly describe the rapid change of $α$ when small amounts of substitutional Cu are introduced.
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy of the Extrasolar Planet HR 8799 b
Creators: name: Bowler, Brendan P.
name: Liu, Michael C.
name: Dupuy, Trent J.
name: Cushing, Michael C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [Abridged] We present 2.12-2.23 um high contrast integral field spectroscopy of the extrasolar planet HR 8799 b. Our observations were obtained with OSIRIS on the Keck II telescope and sample the 2.2 um CH4 feature, which is useful for spectral classification and as a temperature diagnostic for ultracool objects. The spectrum of HR 8799 b is relatively featureless, with little or no methane absorption, and does not exhibit the strong CH4 seen in T dwarfs of similar absolute magnitudes. Overall, we find that HR 8799 b has a spectral type consistent with L5-T2, although its SED is atypical compared to most field objects. We fit the 2.2 um spectrum and the infrared SED using the Hubeny & Burrows, Burrows et al., and Ames-Dusty model atmosphere grids, which incorporate nonequilibrium chemistry, non-solar metallicities, and clear and cloudy variants. No models agree with all of the data, but those with intermediate clouds produce significantly better fits. The largest discrepancy occurs in the J-band, which is highly suppressed in HR 8799 b. The best-fitting effective temperatures range from 1300-1700 K with radii between ~0.3-0.5 RJup. These values are inconsistent with evolutionary model-derived values of 800-900 K and 1.1-1.3 RJup based on the luminosity of HR 8799 b and the age of HR 8799, a discrepancy that probably results from imperfect atmospheric models or the limited range of physical parameters covered by the models. The low temperature inferred from evolutionary models indicates that HR 8799 b is ~400 K cooler than field L/T transition objects, providing further evidence that the L/T transition is gravity-dependent. With an unusually dusty photosphere, an exceptionally low luminosity for its spectral type, and hints of extreme secondary physical parameters, HR 8799 b appears to be unlike any class of field brown dwarf currently known.
description: 21 pages, 23 figures; accepted by ApJ
Paracetamol (acetaminophen) poisoning; consensus definitions of poisoning types and outcomes to be used in the clinical toxicology recommendations collaborative systematic review
Creators: name: Chiew, Angela L.
name: Wood, David M.
name: Cao, Dazhe
name: Overberg, Adam
name: Faber, Katrin
name: Wong, Anselm
name: Thanacoody, Ruben
name: Pomerleau, Adam C.
name: Gosselin, Sophie
name: Bhalla, Ashish
name: Lonati, Davide
name: Bateman, D. Nicholas
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Paracetamol (acetaminophen) poisoning is common, and many publications describe various outcomes and treatments. As internationally agreed definitions are non-existent to describe patterns of paracetamol overdose (acute, repeated supratherapeutic, chronic, or staggered), it is difficult to analyze outcomes between studies. The Clinical Toxicology Recommendations Collaborative was tasked to provide guidance on the management of paracetamol poisoning and formed the Paracetamol Workgroup. The Workgroup concluded that an agreed set of terms was needed to perform the systematic review and categorize the evidence. A modified Delphi process was employed to establish uniform definitions to categorize various patterns of paracetamol overdose. Group consensus was reached for each one of the following standard definitions for each pattern of poisoning: acute, staggered, repeated supratherapeutic ingestions, and chronic for use in their upcoming systematic review. “Acute” ingestion represents an excessive amount of paracetamol ingested over a total time (from first paracetamol dose ingested to last paracetamol dose ingested) of less than 8 h. “Staggered” ingestion involves an excessive amount of paracetamol ingested over a total time period of between 8 h and 24 h. “Repeated supratherapeutic ingestion” describes ingestions exceeding the recommended daily dose for more than 24 h, and “chronic” ingestion includes both staggered or repeated supratherapeutic ingestions. “High-risk overdoses” are defined by either an ingested dose, that is greater than 500 mg/kg or 30 g (whichever is less), or an initial serum or plasma paracetamol concentration of greater than 300 mg/L (1,985 µmol/L) at 4 h on the Rumack-Matthew nomogram line. The definitions established by the Paracetamol Workgroup will structure the upcoming systematic review, ensuring consistent categorization of studies within each ingestion pattern to enable clearer comparisons of treatments and outcomes. We encourage researchers to define overdose patterns and patients at increased risk of hepatotoxicity consistently and to include these definitions in publications to improve research reliability and comparability.
A Qualitative Exploration of Parenting Experiences with Health Conditions
Creators: name: Cunningham, John
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2023

description: This thesis examines the experiences of parenting with health conditions, specifically that of cancer and Parkinson’s disease. Paper one is a systematic literature review and meta-synthesis of 20 papers which explore the experiences of persons with cancer when informing their children about their parental cancer. The research identified one superordinate theme of ‘protection’ and four themes of ‘deciding’, ‘telling’, ‘impact’ and ‘support’ that described the process of informing. The findings, recommendations for clinical practice and for future research are discussed at the end of this review. The second paper is a qualitative study that explores the experience of persons with Parkinson’s when parenting adolescents and young adults. Data were generated using semi-structured interviews and analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. The findings identified four themes of: ‘disclosing’, ‘holding on to the parent I was’, ‘changing as a parent’ and ‘an uncertain future’. These themes captured how the changes parents were subject to, began to impact their parental functioning and identity, leaving them worried about the future for their children. Recommendations for clinical practice and future research are also discussed for this paper. The final paper is a critical review of the above papers, comparing the two sets of findings and discussing the methodology in more detail. It considers the meaning of the work for the researcher and their role in their research process.
Generative Grammar: A Meaning First Approach
Creators: name: Sauerland, Uli
name: Alexiadou, Artemis
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: generation
subject: cognition
subject: semantics
subject: syntax
subject: morphology
subject: sociolinguistics
subject: bilingualism
subject: scope
subject: 150 Psychologie

description: The theory of language must predict the possible thought—signal (or meaning—sound or sign) pairings of a language. We argue for a Meaning First architecture of language where a thought structure is generated first. The thought structure is then realized using language to communicate the thought, to memorize it, or perhaps with another purpose. Our view contrasts with the T-model architecture of mainstream generative grammar, according to which distinct phrase-structural representations—Phonetic Form (PF) for articulation, Logical Form (LF) for interpretation—are generated within the grammar. At the same time, our view differs from early transformational grammar and generative semantics: We view the relationship between the thought structure and the corresponding signal as one of compression. We specify a formal sketch of compression as a choice between multiple possible pronounciations balancing the desire to transmit information against the effort of pronounciation. The Meaning First architecture allows a greater degree of independence between thought structures and the linguistic signal. We present three arguments favoring this type of independence. First we argue that scopal properties can be better explained if we only compare thought structures independent of the their realization as a sentence. Secondly, we argue that Meaning First architecture allows contentful late insertion, an idea that has been argued for in Distributed Morphology already, but as we argue is also motivated by the division of the logical and socio-emotive meaning content of language. Finally, we show that only the Meaning First architecture provides a satisfying account of the mixing of multiple languages by multilingual speakers, especially for cases of simultaneous articulation across two modalities in bimodal speakers. Our view of the structure of grammar leads to a reassessment of priorities in linguistic analyses: while current mainstream work is often focused on establishing one-to-one relationships between concepts and morphemes, our view makes it plausible that primitive concepts are frequently marked indirectly or unpronounced entirely. Our view therefore assigns great value to the understanding of logical primitives and of compression.
Armenia in regional politics in the post-Soviet space
Creators: name: Agasiev, Aleksandr
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: The object of the research is the regional policy of the Republic of Armenia in the post-Soviet space in the XXI century. The subject of the research is the economic, strategic, foreign policy relations of the Republic of Armenia with the countries of the post-Soviet space, in particular with Russia. Armenia's relations with the countries of the Middle East region, the United States and the European Union and their influence on the regional policy of Armenia in the post-Soviet space The aim of the work is to examine the regional policy of the Republic of Armenia in the post-Soviet space. Analytical and comparative methods are used to analyze the problems under study. The analysis resulted in the identification of positive and negative trends in the development of the regional policy of Armenia, its economy and strategic position in the post-Soviet space. As well as identifying the dynamics in relations with Russia, the CIS countries, the countries of the West and the East. The scientific novelty lies in the study of the current state of the regional policy of Armenia after 2010 and its analysis.
title: HIV INFECTION AS A CAUSE OF DEATH PATIENTS WITH TUBERCULOSIS
Creators: name: Chabanova, Olga N.
name: Ryzhkova, Oksana A.
name: Strel'tsova, Elena N.
name: Sayfulin, Marat Kh.
Publisher: name: Astrakhan State Medical University
Year: 2021

description: Purpose of the study: to study the medical and social factors of mortality from HIV infection in tuberculosis patients in the Astrakhan region. Materials and methods. The medical records of 79 tuberculosis patients who died of HIV infection in the Regional Clinical TB Dispensary JSC for the period from 2015 to 2019 were studied. in comparison with the clinical picture and social status. Research results. The mortality rate of HIV-infected people in combination with tuberculosis in the Astrakhan region in dynamics increased in 2015 – 0,9; 2018 – 1,6; 2019 – 1,9 per 100 000 populations. The largest number of patients die at a young working age, social characteristics are represented by non-working 45,4 % and disabled 36,3 %, socially maladjusted persons. Most of the patients sought medical help after a month or more after the deterioration of health in a moderate state, with severe symptoms of intoxication. Conclusion. The main causes of mortality from HIV infection are low adherence of patients to treatment, untimely fluorographic examination, late seeking medical help, identification of common destructive processes with the release of drug-resistant mycobacteria, the pres-ence of concomitant diseases, indiscipline of patients, asocial image life. Keywords: HIV infection, tuberculosis, mortality, medical and social factors
Polarized Line Formation in Multi-Dimensional Media.III. Hanle Effect with Partial Frequency Redistribution
Creators: name: Anusha, L. S.
name: Nagendra, K. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the previous two papers, namely, \citet{anuknn11} and \citet{anuetal11} we solved the polarized radiative transfer (RT) equation in multi-dimensional (multi-D) geometries, with partial frequency redistribution (PRD) as the scattering mechanism. We assumed Rayleigh scattering as the only source of linear polarization ($Q/I, U/I$) in both these papers. In this paper we extend these previous works to include the effect of weak oriented magnetic fields (Hanle effect) on line scattering. We generalize the technique of Stokes vector decomposition in terms of the irreducible spherical tensors $\mathcal{T}^K_Q$, developed in \citet{anuknn11}, to the case of RT with Hanle effect. A fast iterative method of solution (based on the Stabilized Preconditioned Bi-Conjugate-Gradient technique), developed in \citet{anuetal11}, is now generalized to the case of RT in magnetized three-dimensional media. We use the efficient short-characteristics formal solution method for multi-D media, generalized appropriately to the present context. The main results of this paper are the following: (1) A comparison of emergent $(I, Q/I, U/I)$ profiles formed in one-dimensional (1D) media, with the corresponding emergent, spatially averaged profiles formed in multi-D media, shows that in the spatially resolved structures, the assumption of 1D may lead to large errors in linear polarization, especially in the line wings. (2) The multi-D RT in semi-infinite non-magnetic media causes a strong spatial variation of the emergent $(Q/I, U/I)$ profiles, which is more pronounced in the line wings. (3) The presence of a weak magnetic field modifies the spatial variation of the emergent $(Q/I, U/I)$ profiles in the line core, by producing significant changes in their magnitudes.
description: 31 pages, 14 figures, Submitted to ApJ, Under review
Verifying Genuine High-Order Entanglement
Creators: name: Li, Che-Ming
name: Chen, Kai
name: Reingruber, Andreas
name: Chen, Yueh-Nan
name: Pan, Jian-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-order entanglement embedded in multipartite multilevel quantum systems (qudits) with many degrees of freedom (DOFs) plays an important role in quantum foundation and quantum engineering. Verifying high-order entanglement without the restriction of system complexity is a critical need in any experiments on general entanglement. Here, we introduce a scheme to efficiently detect genuine high-order entanglement, such as states close to genuine qudit Bell, Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger, and cluster states as well as multilevel multi-DOF hyperentanglement. All of them can be identified with two local measurement settings per DOF regardless of the qudit or DOF number. The proposed verifications together with further utilities such as fidelity estimation could pave the way for experiments by reducing dramatically the measurement overhead.
Scalable deep reinforcement learning for physics-based motion control
Creators: name: Berseth, Glen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2019

description: This thesis studies the broad problem of learning robust control policies for difficult physics-based motion control tasks such as locomotion and navigation. A number of avenues are explored to assist in learning such control. In particular, are there underlying structures in the motor-learning system that enable learning solutions to complex tasks? How are animals able to learn new skills so efficiently? Animals may be learning and using implicit models of their environment to assist in planning and exploration. These potential structures motivate the design of learning systems and in this thesis, we study their effectiveness on physically simulated and robotic motor-control tasks. Five contributions that build on motion control using deep reinforcement learning are presented. First, a case study on the motion control problem of brachiation, the movement of gibbons through trees is presented. This work compares parametric and non-parametric models for reinforcement learning. The difficulty of this motion control problem motivates separating the control problem into multiple levels. Second, a hierarchical decomposition is presented that enables efficient learning by operating across multiple time scales for a complex locomotion and navigation task. First, reinforcement learning is used to acquire a low-level, high-frequency policy for joint actuation, used for bipedal footstep-directed walking. Subsequently, an additional policy is learned that provides directed footstep plans to the first level of control in order to navigate through the environment. Third, improved action exploration methods are investigated. An explicit action valued function is constructed using the learned model. Using this action-valued function we can compute actions that increase the value of future states. Fourth, a new algorithm is designed to progressively learn and integrate new skills producing a robust and multi-skilled physics-based controller. This algorithm combines the skills of experts and then applies transfer learning methods to initialize and accelerate the learning of new skills. In the last chapter, the importance of good benchmarks for improving reinforcement learning research is discussed. The computer vision community has benefited from large carefully processed collections of data, and, similarly, reinforcement learning needs well constructed and interesting environments to drive progress.
BASR Poll: Anti-discrimination Car Posters
Creators: name: Bureau Of Applied Social Research, Columbia University
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2022

description: Time living in certain areas (2); organization involvement (1); agreement on various statements (18); respecting rights (1); bus riding habits (4); bus advertisements (7); bus advertisement preference (27); bus advertisement relevance (2); racial integration (2); standing up for others (1); bus advertisement purpose (1); money for ads (1); need for ads (2); movies (3); radio programs about race (1); public meetings (1); magazine ads (1).
Correlated imaging through atmospheric turbulence
Creators: name: Zhang, Pengli
name: Gong, Wenlin
name: Shen, Xia
name: Han, Shensheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Correlated imaging through atmospheric turbulence is studied, and the analytical expressions describing turbulence effects on image resolution are derived. Compared with direct imaging, correlated imaging can reduce the influence of turbulence to a certain extent and reconstruct high-resolution images. The result is backed up by numerical simulations, in which turbulence-induced phase perturbations are simulated by random phase screens inserting propagation paths.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
The importance of data references in CMIP6 data usage and IPCC climate assessments
Creators: name: Stockhause, Martina
name: Lautenschlager, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: CMIP6
Data Citation
DDC Support
IPCC AR6
Data Reference

description: Climate research like CMIP (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project) and IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) Assessment Reports, currently in their 6th cycle, depend heavily on data, which is well-curated and remains available on the long-term (see abstract by Juckes et al., 2018). To improve the traceability of climate research and assessments, the CMIP6 data sources need to be referenced. Data references and thus giving credit to data providers, their funders and contributors have been part of principles for Good Scientific Practice (e.g. DFG, 2013) for several years, but have not yet become a natural and effective part of research workflows.

For CMIP6 for the first time in the history of CMIP, it is possible to cite the evolving CMIP6 data on model/MIP and experiment granularities (Stockhause and Lautenschlager, 2017). A good example how to cite data in an article’s reference list is provided in the paper by Durack et al. (2018).

The CMIP6 data citation service enables data users to find data references:

	in the ESGF (Earth System Grid Federation) portals for datasets,
	using Google’s Dataset Search, or
	on the FurtherInfoUrl (global attribute of CMIP6 NetCDF files) landing page.

Accompanying initiatives and projects such as the “Enabling FAIR Data” project (Stall et al., 2018) are developing best practices for the integration of data and other digital resources into author guidelines and the general research workflow in collaboration with academic publishers and repositories. Thereby data FAIRness (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable data) in the Earth sciences is advanced.

Reference

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) (2013). Safeguarding Good Scientific Practice. doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527679188.oth1.

Durack, P. J., et al. (2018). Toward standardized data sets for climate model experimentation, Eos, 99, doi:https://doi.org/10.1029/2018EO101751. Published on 02 July 2018.

Juckes, M., et al. (2018). The role of the IPCC Data Distribution Centre in supporting assessments of climate change, submitted abstract for “CMIP6 Model Analysis Workshop”, 25-28 March 2019.

Stall, S., et al. (2018). Advancing FAIR data in Earth, Space, and Environmental Science, Eos, 99, doi:https://doi.org/10.1029/2018EO109301. Published on 05 November 2018.

Stockhause, M., and M. Lautenschlager (2017). CMIP6 Data Citation of Evolving Data. Data Science Journal, 16, p.30. doi:https://doi.org/10.5334/dsj-2017-030.
description: Contribution to CMIP6 Model analysis Workshop, 25-28 March 2019, Barcelona (Spain) with poster and 2 min presentation
Theoretical study of X-ray absorption of three-dimensional topological insulator $\mathrm{Bi}_2\mathrm{Se}_3$
Creators: name: Lee, Hyun C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-ray absorption edge singularity which is usually relevant for metals is studied for the prototype topological insulator $\mathrm{Bi}_2\mathrm{Se}_3$. The generalized integral equation of Nozières and Dominicis type for X-ray edge singularity is derived and solved. The spin texture of surfaces states causes a component of singularity dependent on the helicity of the spin texture. It also yields another component for which the singularity from excitonic processes is absent.
description: RevTeX 4.1. 4 pages, no figure
Climate, Morals, and Politics
Creators: name: Zehetleitner, Michael
name: Kuhle, Timo
name: Meyer, Katharina
Publisher: name: PsychArchives
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Moral foundations
subject: climate change
subject: populism
subject: conservatism
subject: political attitudes
subject: 150

description: Background: It is well established that conservative political attitudes are predictive of scepticism towards the reality and anthropomorphic origin of climate change. First, conservatism is not a homogenous psychological variable and differs between national cultures. Second, according to the Moral Foundations Theory, there are basic modules analysing social triggers automatically and intuitively. These modules, accord-ingly, shape political attitudes and the processing of facts. Objectives and Research questions: The first objective of the present study is to investigate how political conservative attitudes in Germany and psychological variables such as personal trust, moral values, social dominance, and system justifi-cation are related to scepticism towards climate change. Further, conservative attitudes could semantically lead to attitudes and intentions aimed at conserving humans’ natural environment. The second objective is to use cluster analysis to potentially identify sub-groups of conservative persons which are low in scepticism. The third objective is to differentiate atti-tudes towards global climate change from attitudes towards the perseveration of regional/national na-ture. Participants: A panel (bilendi & respondi, London, UK) were commissioned to collect a sample of German partici-pants (N ca. 1600). The questionnaire was sent via an anonymous, non-personal link. Study method: Participants are asked to complete an online survey using the moral foundations questionnaire (Gra-ham et al., 2011) including the liberty scale (Iyer et al., 2012), social dominance orientation (Jim Sidanius & Felicia Pratto, 1999), system justification (Kay & Jost, 2013) and several social and political questions based on the European Value Survey (EVS) 2017 (Balakireva, 2021). The questions drawn from the EVS are grouped into the topics trust, attitudes towards climate change, and different dimen-sions of conservatism: economic conservatism, nationalism, religiosity, and social conventionalism. Attitudes towards preserving regional/national nature are measured using a convenience instrument.