cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Neutrino Interferometry In Curved Spacetime
Creators: name: Crocker, Roland M.
name: Giunti, Carlo
name: Mortlock, and Daniel J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational lensing introduces the possibility of multiple (macroscopic) paths from an astrophysical neutrino source to a detector. Such a multiplicity of paths can allow for quantum mechanical interference to take place that is qualitatively different to neutrino oscillations in flat space. After an illustrative example clarifying some under-appreciated subtleties of the phase calculation, we derive the form of the quantum mechanical phase for a neutrino mass eigenstate propagating non-radially through a Schwarzschild metric. We subsequently determine the form of the interference pattern seen at a detector. We show that the neutrino signal from a supernova could exhibit the interference effects we discuss were it lensed by an object in a suitable mass range. We finally conclude, however, that -- given current neutrino detector technology -- the probability of such lensing occurring for a (neutrino-detectable) supernova is tiny in the immediate future.
description: 25 pages, 1 .eps figure. Updated version -- with simplified notation -- accepted for publication in Phys.Rev.D. Extra author added
Xyleborus discretus Eggers 1933
Creators: name: Silva, Mauricio Pérez
name: Martínez, Armando Equihua
name: Atkinson, T. H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Lecanoromycetes
Lecanorales
Stereocaulaceae
Xyleborus
Xyleborus discretus

description: Xyleborus discretus Eggers, 1933
Fig. 49–54
 Diagnosis. Longitud de 2.9 a 3.3 mm; coloración de café a café oscura; vestidura escasa. Margen anterior del pronoto subcuadrado, asperezas en la mitad anterior del pronoto ligeramente finas y esparcidas, mitad posterior lisa, con pocas puntuaciones diminutas y esparcidas. Puntuaciones elitrales pequeñas, poco profundas y cercanas entre sí, estrías ligeramente impresas. Declive elitral gradual, convexo y ligeramente impreso cerca del ápice del declive, estrías ligeramente impresas, puntuaciones poco visibles, interestrías con uno o dos gránulos diminutos alternados con unos moderadamente más grandes; setas interestriales en filas, cortas y escasas.
description: Published as part of Silva, Mauricio Pérez, Martínez, Armando Equihua & Atkinson, T. H., 2015, Identificación de las especies mexicanas del género Xyleborus Eichhoff, 1864 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), pp. 1-35 in Insecta Mundi 2015 (440) on page 7, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5182434
MOESM2 of Synergistic effects of APOE and sex on the gut microbiome of young EFAD transgenic mice
Creators: name: Weng, Juan Maldonado
name: Ishita Parikh
name: Ankur Naqib
name: York, Jason
name: Green, Stefan
name: Estus, Steven
name: LaDu, Mary
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. Boruta-identified bacterial OTUs from EFAD mice stratified by APOE + sex. Implementing the R package “randomForest”, Boruta is a feature-selection algorithm that determined the OTUs that were significant in distinguish samples by APOE + sex compared to randomly generated probes (“shadow scores” in blue). Significance is defined by a z-score > max shadow z-score (green; listed in the table). OTUs with a z-score that trends towards significance are labeled in yellow.
Formation of Cool Cores in Galaxy Clusters via Hierarchical Mergers
Creators: name: Motl, Patrick M.
name: Burns, Jack O.
name: Loken, Chris
name: Norman, Michael L.
name: Bryan, Greg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new scenario for the formation of cool cores in rich galaxy clusters based on results from recent high spatial dynamic range, adaptive mesh Eulerian hydrodynamic simulations of large-scale structure formation. We find that cores of cool gas, material that would be identified as a classical cooling flow based on its X-ray luminosity excess and temperature profile, are built from the accretion of discrete, stable subclusters. Any ``cooling flow'' present is overwhelmed by the velocity field within the cluster - the bulk flow of gas through the cluster typically has speeds up to about 2,000 km s^-1 and significant rotation is frequently present in the cluster core. The inclusion of consistent initial cosmological conditions for the cluster within its surrounding supercluster environment is crucial when simulating the evolution of cool cores in rich galaxy clusters. This new model for the hierarchical assembly of cool gas naturally explains the high frequency of cool cores in rich galaxy clusters despite the fact that a majority of these clusters show evidence of substructure which is believed to arise from recent merger activity. Furthermore, our simulations generate complex cluster cores in concordance with recent X-ray observations of cool fronts, cool ``bullets'', and filaments in a number of galaxy clusters. Our simulations were computed with a coupled N-body, Eulerian, adaptive mesh refinement, hydrodynamics cosmology code that properly treats the effects of shocks and radiative cooling by the gas. We employ up to seven levels of refinement to attain a peak resolution of 15.6 h^-1 kpc within a volume 256 h-1 Mpc on a side and assume a standard LambdaCDM cosmology.
description: To appear in ApJ, 41 pages, 20 Figures and 2 Tables. Full resolution figures are available at http://casa.colorado.edu/~motl/astro-ph
Additional file 11 of A transcriptomic analysis of gene expression in the venom gland of the snake Bothrops alternatus (urutu)
Creators: name: Cardoso, Kiara C
name: Da Silva, Márcio J
name: Costa, Gustavo GL
name: Torres, Tatiana T
name: Luiz Eduardo V Del Bem
name: Vidal, Ramon O
name: Menossi, Marcelo
name: Hyslop, Stephen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Authors’ original file for figure 7
Landscape urbanisation and food security
Creators: name: Bai, Xuemei
name: Bai, Xuemei
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Food Security and Poverty
Land Economics/Use

description: This talk will explore the crucial linkages between urbanisation and food security, based on our recent and ongoing research studies. Urbanisation is often cited as one of the significant factors threatening food security. First of all, urbanisation leads to land use conversion from agricultural land to urban land use, such as for infrastructure, industrial, residential or commercial uses. Such land use conversion often reduces the most fertile land, and therefore the impact on agricultural production and food security is often larger than the absolute amount of land involved. Our recent research shows that such urban land use conversion is often driven by economic factors, with positive feedback loops between urban land use expansion and economic growth in the city, as well as in the region. In addition, urbanisation also brings about changes in dietary structure, which in turn brings about changes to peri-urban areas, where crop production is replaced by higher economic-value products such as vegetables, flowers, fish ponds, and so on. Furthermore, land use changes associated with urbanisation in developing countries are found to increase social vulnerability in the traditional farming communities in the peri-urban areas. On the other hand, some of our initial research results show that urbanisation might have some positive impacts on agricultural productivity. While all evidence seemingly points to close urban–rural linkages, research and policy approaches often treat cities and rural areas as separate sectors. Such dichotomised concepts and approaches hamper the search for an effective system-wide solution. There is a strong need to consider urban and rural areas as integral parts of a system in the global food-security debate or in urbanisation policy. The challenge then becomes to find how we can harness and maximise the positive effects that urbanisation can bring, and avoid or compensate for the negative impacts.
Additional file 3 of Phylogeography of higher Diptera in glacial and postglacial grasslands in western North America
Creators: name: Solecki, Anna M.
name: Skevington, Jeffrey H.
name: Buddle, Christopher M.
name: Wheeler, Terry A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3. GenBank accession numbers for Diptera phylogeny. Additional taxa (with GenBank accession numbers) used for calculating divergence times.
SIR JOHN CRAWFORD MEMORIAL ADDRESS: Agriculture: The challenges of the 21st century
Creators: name: Beddington, Sir John
name: Beddington, Sir John
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Environmental Economics and Policy
International Relations/Trade
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: The Sir John Crawford Memorial Address has been presented since 1985, in honour of the distinguished Australian civil servant, educator and agriculturalist in whose name the Crawford Fund was established. Sir John Crawford was a remarkable Australian who contributed at the highest levels, and was a passionate supporter of international agricultural research for development. This talk draws attention to four current and interrelated trends that suggest the world will be rather different by 2025, only 13 years away. The four trends are: population growth; rapidly expanding urbanisation especially in Africa and Asia; changes in patterns of demand for food and energy by the increasingly large and prosperous ‘middle class’; and climate change. Beyond 2025, the prospects are frightening if the momentum of both population growth and greenhouse gas emissions (which, once in the atmosphere, continue to affect climate for 20 years) is not very soon brought under control. A range of solutions are available to improve agricultural production and therefore food security, but they need strong corresponding improvements in storage practices, pest and disease management, and new attitudes to wastage of food. Food supplies and food prices depend on the weather all over the world, and the extra billion people by 2025, living mostly in cities, will need food and energy. Effective action on the factors — including agricultural practices — that are driving climate change is now very urgently needed.
Conference overview and summary
Creators: name: Blight, Denis G.
name: Blight, Denis G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: The Crawford Fund’s Annual Parliamentary Conference for 2012, ‘The Scramble for Natural Resources’, addressed a question of fundamental importance to Australia and to the international community: that is, how to feed, adequately, an extra 2 or 3 billion people within a few decades without irretrievably damaging the planet. The consensus response — from the panel of speakers and the extended question and answer session — was, in short, that the world probably has enough land, nutrients and water and, one might infer, ingenuity, in aggregate, to meet the challenge. Yet a foodsecure world will only be possible if ‘major distributional and degradation problems’ are addressed with efforts to close the gap between achievable and actual yields, as well as increased investment in research to raise yield potential. Increased production, based on a better understanding of interactions between agriculture and natural ecosystems and urban and rural development, enables, at least theoretically, increased yields, lower costs and reduced erosion and water degradation. Even with all of this, however, food price spikes and horrifying episodes of famine seem likely to recur, requiring specific policy interventions and emergency responses — including to changing climate and weather patterns. Australia can contribute to a food-secure world by growing and exporting as much food as is possible within constraints formed by our natural resource base and by market demand and prices. Within these limits, and with increased allocations to research, Australia could become one of a number of food bowls. By itself Australia cannot feed more than a fraction of the world. Its contribution through research, however, could be globally significant and contribute beneficially to the diets of 100 million or more.
A Horizon Ratio Bound for Inflationary Fluctuations
Creators: name: Dodelson, Scott
name: Hui, Lam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the gravity wave background amplitude implies a robust upper bound on the ratio: λ/ H^{-1} < e^60, where λis the proper wavelength of fluctuations of interest and H^{-1} is the horizon at the end of inflation. The bound holds as long as the energy density of the universe does not drop faster than radiation subsequent to inflation. This limit implies that the amount of expansion between the time the scales of interest leave the horizon and the end of inflation, denoted by e^N, is also bounded from above, by about e^60 times a factor that involves an integral over the first slow-roll parameter. In other words, the bound on N is model dependent -- we show that for vast classes of slow-roll models, N < 67. The quantities, λ/ H^{-1} or N, play an important role in determining the nature of inflationary scalar and tensor fluctuations. We suggest ways to incorporate the above bounds when confronting inflation models with observations. As an example, this bound solidifies the tension between observations of cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies and chaotic inflation with a ϕ^4 potential by closing the escape hatch of large N (< 62).
description: 4 pages, 1 figure; revised to close a loophole in the earlier version and clarify our assumptions
Additional file 12 of A transcriptomic analysis of gene expression in the venom gland of the snake Bothrops alternatus (urutu)
Creators: name: Cardoso, Kiara C
name: Da Silva, Márcio J
name: Costa, Gustavo GL
name: Torres, Tatiana T
name: Luiz Eduardo V Del Bem
name: Vidal, Ramon O
name: Menossi, Marcelo
name: Hyslop, Stephen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Authors’ original file for figure 8
KEYNOTE ADDRESS: A global land rush?
Creators: name: Byerlee, Derek R.
name: Byerlee, Derek R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Land Economics/Use
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Recent strong commodity prices have led to rising demand for farmland and this is projected to continue for the medium term because of increasing populations and incomes and growing use of biofuels. Global analysis indicates that about 450 Mha of suitable land may be available to bring into cultivation, much of it in sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America and Russia. Improved returns in farming and relatively cheap land in some countries have translated into a sharp rise in domestic and foreign investment into farmland, largely focused on these same countries with uncultivated land. Investors have been very heterogeneous, with many from emerging countries and some with little track record in agriculture, but supported by rising portfolio investor interest in agriculture. Despite perceptions, governments and sovereign wealth funds make up a relatively small share of such investments. A surprising development, given the long tradition of family farming almost everywhere, has been the rise of corporate ‘superfarms’ often managing over 100,000 ha of prime cropland. Where land and other markets work well, strong investor interest in agriculture represents an opportunity to tap capital, technology and new markets. However, where land governance is poor and institutional capacity weak, there have been many failures, whether measured in economic, social or environmental terms, especially in Africa and South-East Asia. In Australia, given skilled farmers and strong institutions, there seems little reason for concern about recent reports of foreign investment in farmland. Australia has led the world in arguing for freer agricultural trade and investment and should continue to do so. Increased transparency through a register of such investments could alleviate fears in some circles of a foreign ‘land grab’ in Australia.
Manifestation of the magnetic resonance mode in the nodal quasiparticle lifetime in superconducting cuprates
Creators: name: Kordyuk, A. A.
name: Borisenko, S. V.
name: Koitzsch, A.
name: Fink, J.
name: Knupfer, M.
name: Buechner, B.
name: Berger, H.
name: Margaritondo, G.
name: Lin, C. T.
name: Keimer, B.
name: Ono, S.
name: Ando, Yoichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studying the nodal quasiparticles in superconducting cuprates by photoemission with highly improved momentum resolution, we show that a new "kink" feature in the scattering rate is a key to uncover the nature of electron correlations in these compounds. Our data provide evidence that the main doping independent contribution to the scattering can be well understood in terms of the conventional Fermi liquid model, while the additional doping dependent contribution has a magnetic origin. This sheds doubt on applicability of a phonon-mediated pairing mechanism to high temperature superconductors.
description: rextex, 4 pages, 4 figures
Automated Landmark-Based Cat Facial Analysis and its Applications
Creators: name: Mills, Daniel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 300999
subject: Veterinary sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Facial landmarks, widely studied in human affective computing, are beginning to gain interest in the animal domain. Specifically, landmark-based geometric morphometric methods have been used to objectively assess facial expressions in cats, focusing on pain recognition and the impact of breed-specific morphology on facial signaling. These methods employed a 48-landmark scheme grounded in cat facial anatomy. Manually annotating these landmarks, however, is a labour intensive process, deeming it impractical for generating sufficiently large amounts of data for machine learning purposes as well as use in applied real time contexts with cats. Our previous work introduced an AI pipeline for automated landmark detection, which showed good performance in standard machine learning metrics. Nonetheless, the effectiveness of fully automated, end-to-end landmark-based systems for practical cat facial analysis tasks remained underexplored. This paper presents a thorough evaluation of such systems for three benchmark tasks related to cat facial analysis: recognition of breed, cephalic type, and pain.
title: Impact of annealing and nanostructuring on properties of NV centers created by different techniques
Creators: name: Mendoza Delgado, Miriam
name: Tsunaki, Lucas
name: Michaelson, Shaul
name: Kuntumalla, Mohan K.
name: Reithmaier, Johann P.
name: Hoffman, Alon
name: Naydenov, Boris
name: Popov, Cyril
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Nitrogen-vacancy centers
subject: Delta-doping
subject: Ion implantation
subject: Nanopillars
subject: Annealing
subject: Coherence
subject: Relaxation
classificationCode: 530
subject: Physik

description: Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamonds have been an epicenter of research for diverse applications in quantum technologies. It is therefore imperative that their fabrication techniques are well understood and characterized for the technological scalability of these applications. A comparative study of the optical and spin properties of NVs created by ion implantation and chemical vapor deposition delta-doping is thus presented, combined with an investigation on the impact of annealing in vacuum at different temperatures. In addition, nanopillars are fabricated by electron beam lithography and reactive ion etching for enhanced photon collection efficiency. An extensive combination of characterization techniques is employed. Notably, the smallest nanopillars present fluorescence enhancements of factor around 50, compared to the unstructured regions. Annealing is also demonstrated to increase the optical contrast between the NVs' electronic states, the coherence and relaxation times both in bulk as in pillars. Regarding the NV preparation technique, the delta-doping is shown to create NVs with less lattice defects and strain compared to implantation.
title: Klimawirkungsanalyse des Bundesverkehrssystems im Kontext gravitativer Massenbewegungen - Schlussbericht des Schwerpunktthemas Hangrutschungen (SP-105) im Themenfeld 1 des BMVI-Expertennetzwerks
Creators: name: Lohrengel, Anne-Farina
name: Brendel, Christoph
name: Herrmann, Carina
name: Kirsten, Jens
name: Forbriger, Markus
name: Klose, Martin
name: Stube, Kathrin
Publisher: name: Bundesministerium für Verkehr und digitale Infrastruktur
Year: 2020

description: Reihe: „Verkehr und Infrastruktur an Klimawandel und extreme Wetterereignisse anpassen“ / Themenfeld 1/ BMVI-Expertennetzwerk „Wissen – Können – Handeln“ zu den Forschungsergebnissen der Schwerpunktthemen aus der 1. Forschungsphase (2016–2019)
Xyleborus intrusus Blandford 1898
Creators: name: Silva, Mauricio Pérez
name: Martínez, Armando Equihua
name: Atkinson, T. H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Lecanoromycetes
Lecanorales
Stereocaulaceae
Xyleborus
Xyleborus intrusus

description: Xyleborus intrusus Blandford, 1898
Fig. 55–60
 Diagnosis. Longitud de 2.2 a 2.7 mm: coloración amarillenta o café rojiza; vestidura evidente, más abundante el declive. Margen anterior del pronoto procurvado; mitad anterior del pronoto con asperezas gruesas y densas, mitad posterior casi lisa, con puntuaciones diminutas, escasas y esparcidas. Estrías elitrales impresas; puntuaciones pequeñas y poco profundas. Declive elitral empinado y fuertemente convexo; estrías bien definidas y puntuaciones similares a las del área discal; interestría 2 desarmada o con uno o dos pequeños gránulos cerca de la base, 1 y 3 armadas por de tres a seis tubérculos ligeramente más grandes.
description: Published as part of Silva, Mauricio Pérez, Martínez, Armando Equihua & Atkinson, T. H., 2015, Identificación de las especies mexicanas del género Xyleborus Eichhoff, 1864 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), pp. 1-35 in Insecta Mundi 2015 (440) on page 7, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5182434
Frequency Dependence of Superconducting Cavity Q and Magnetic Breakdown Field
Creators: name: Rabinowitz, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theoretical explanation is given to account for the unexpected observation that L- and S-band Nb superconducting cavities were found to have lower Q and lower magnetic breakdown field than those of the higher X-band frequencies. Both effects can be related to the trapping of magnetic flux in the cavity walls. The frequency dependence arises from the frequency dependence of the resistivity of oscillating fluxoids. Calculations based on this model are in agreement with experimental observations.
description: 6 pages
The atomic Hydrogen content of the post-reionization Universe
Creators: name: Spinelli, Marta
name: Zoldan, Anna
name: De Lucia, Gabriella
name: Xie, Lizhi
name: Viel, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive analysis of atomic hydrogen (HI) properties using a semi-analytical model of galaxy formation and N-body simulations covering a large cosmological volume at high resolution. We examine the HI mass function and the HI density, characterizing both their redshift evolution and their dependence on hosting halo mass. We analyze the HI content of dark matter haloes in the local Universe and up to redshift $z=5$, discussing the contribution of different galaxy properties. We find that different assembly history plays a crucial role in the scatter of this relation. We propose new fitting functions useful for constructing mock HI maps with HOD techniques. We investigate the HI clustering properties relevant for future $21$~cm Intensity Mapping (IM) experiments, including the HI bias and the shot noise level. The HI bias increases with redshift and it is roughly flat on the largest scales probed. The scale dependency is found at progressively larger scales with increasing redshift, apart from a dip feature at $z=0$. The shot-noise values are consistent with the ones inferred by independent studies, confirming that shot-noise will not be a limiting factor for IM experiments. We detail the contribution from various galaxy properties on the HI power spectrum and their relation to the halo bias. We find that HI poor satellite galaxies play an important role at the scales of the 1-halo term. Finally, we present the $21$~cm signal in redshift space, a fundamental prediction to be tested against data from future radio telescopes such as SKA.
description: 21 pages, 20 figures, comments welcome
Magnetic behavior of Co ions in the exotic spin-chain compound,Ca3Co2O6, from 59Co NMR studies
Creators: name: Sampathkumaran, E. V.
name: Fujiwara, N.
name: Rayaprol, S.
name: Madhu, P. K.
name: Uwatoko, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed field-swept 59Co NMR measurements on the 'exotic' spin-chain material, Ca3Co2O6, crystallizing in K4CdCl6-type rhombohedral structure, believed to exhibit two magnetic transition temperatures (around 24 and 12 K). This is the first NMR investigation of this family of compounds. We are able to detect the NMR signal below about 15 K, which is a conclusive proof for the existence of non-magnetic Co ions (Co3+ - low-spin 3d6, in addition to magnetic Co ions) at least in a narrow temperature range around 10 K, thereby resolving a controversy on this issue in the literature. In addition, we find that the spin-lattice and spin-spin relaxation times undergo a dramatic increase below about 12 K, with a profound influence on the intensity of the NMR signal as a function of temperature, providing a microscopic evidence for the existence of 12K-transition. The spectral features present quite an interesting situation.
description: Physical Review B, in press
Can we free the world of hunger and Malthus’s shadow forever?
Creators: name: Fan, Shenggen
name: Fan, Shenggen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Food Security and Poverty
International Relations/Trade
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: In a little over a decade, the global population is expected to reach 8 billion. The task of feeding this growing population will become harder with rising natural resource constraints, declining or stagnant crop productivity, more frequent extreme weather events, and climate change. These challenges, especially the ensuing increase and volatility of food prices, threaten global food and nutrition security. The Malthusian prediction that population growth would eventually outpace agricultural production growth can be prevented. Technological successes in food and agriculture, such as the Green Revolution, demonstrate that rapid productivity increases in food production can be achieved. However, the goal of achieving global food and nutrition security must encompass food availability, accessibility, and utilisation, as well as the stability of all of these conditions over time. This paper highlights major actions needed to achieve these important objectives while simultaneously adopting a sustainable development approach. The actions include: • investments in agriculture and technological innovations to boost productivity, especially smallholder productivity, enhance the nutritional value of food crops, and increase resource-use efficiency; • productive social safety nets to protect poor and vulnerable groups, especially women and children, to ensure their access to nutritious and healthy food in the short run, and improve their human capital for long term prosperity; • global coordination to reduce food price volatility, including establishing strategic emergency food reserves, ensuring open trade, and eliminating grain-based biofuel production.
Additional file 13 of A transcriptomic analysis of gene expression in the venom gland of the snake Bothrops alternatus (urutu)
Creators: name: Cardoso, Kiara C
name: Da Silva, Márcio J
name: Costa, Gustavo GL
name: Torres, Tatiana T
name: Luiz Eduardo V Del Bem
name: Vidal, Ramon O
name: Menossi, Marcelo
name: Hyslop, Stephen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Authors’ original file for figure 9
Radial velocities of early-type stars in the Perseus OB2 association
Creators: name: Steenbrugge, K. C.
name: de Bruijne, J. H. J.
name: Hoogerwerf, R.
name: de Zeeuw, P. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present radial velocities for 29 B- and A-type stars in the field of the nearby association Perseus OB2. The velocities are derived from spectra obtained with AURELIE, via cross correlation with radial velocity standards matched as closely as possible in spectral type. The resulting accuracy is ~2 - 3 km s$^{-1}$. We use these measurements, together with published values for a few other early-type stars, to study membership of the association. The mean radial velocity (and measured velocity dispersion) of Per OB2 is 23.5 \pm 3.9 km s$^{-1}$, and lies ~15 km s$^{-1}$ away from the mean velocity of the local disk field stars. We identify a number of interlopers in the list of possible late-B- and A-type members which was based on Hipparcos parallaxes and proper motions, and discuss the colour-magnitude diagram of the association.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in A&A, minor revisions
A computational study of transient shear banding in soft jammed solids
Creators: name: Vasisht, Vishwas V.
name: Del Gado, Emanuela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have designed 3D numerical simulations of a soft spheres model, with size polidispersity and in athermal conditions, to study the transient shear banding that occurs during yielding of jammed soft solids. We analyze the effects of different types of drag coefficients used in the simulations and compare the results obtained using Lees-Edwards periodic boundary conditions with the case in which the same model solid is confined between two walls. The specific damping mechanism and the different boundary conditions indeed modify the load curves and the velocity profiles in the transient regime. Nevertheless, we find that the presence of a stress-overshoot and of a related transient banding phenomenon for large enough samples are a robust feature for overdamped systems, where their presence do not depend on the specific drag used and on the different boundary conditions.
Additional file 14 of A transcriptomic analysis of gene expression in the venom gland of the snake Bothrops alternatus (urutu)
Creators: name: Cardoso, Kiara C
name: Da Silva, Márcio J
name: Costa, Gustavo GL
name: Torres, Tatiana T
name: Luiz Eduardo V Del Bem
name: Vidal, Ramon O
name: Menossi, Marcelo
name: Hyslop, Stephen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Authors’ original file for figure 10
MOESM3 of Phylogeography of higher Diptera in glacial and postglacial grasslands in western North America
Creators: name: Solecki, Anna
name: Skevington, Jeffrey
name: Buddle, Christopher
name: Wheeler, Terry
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. GenBank accession numbers for Diptera phylogeny. Additional taxa (with GenBank accession numbers) used for calculating divergence times.
Two long-period X-ray pulsars detected in the SMC field around XTE J0055-727
Creators: name: Haberl, F.
name: Pietsch, W.
name: Schartel, N.
name: Rodriguez, P.
name: Corbet, R. H. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An XMM-Newton target of opportunity observation of the field around the transient 18.37 s pulsar XTE J0055-727 in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) revealed two bright, long-period X-ray pulsars in the EPIC data. A new pulsar, XMMU J005517.9-723853, with a pulse period of 701.7 +/- 0.8 s was discovered and 500.0 +/- 0.2 s pulsations were detected from XMMU J005455.4-724512 (= CXOU J005455.6-724510), confirming the period found in Chandra data. We derive X-ray positions of RA = 00h5455.88s, Dec = -72d45m10.5s and RA = 00h55m18.44s, Dec = -72d38m51.8s (J2000.0) with an uncertainty of 0.2'' utilizing optical identification with OGLE stars. For both objects, the optical brightness and colours and the X-ray spectra are consistent with Be/X-ray binary systems in the SMC.
description: A&A Letters, in press
Intertwining and the Markov uniqueness problem on path spaces
Creators: name: Elworthy, K. D.
name: Li, Xue-Mei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: There are two open problem on the analysis of continuous paths on a Riemannian manifold, the Markov uniqueness and the independence of the closure of the differential operator $d$ on its initial domain. The operator $d$ acts naturally on $BC^1$ functions, one is concerned with its extensions to the $L^2$ spaces. With a suitable choice of an initial domain we denote by $D^{2,1}$ its closure under the graph norm. For the Wiener space, the domain of $d$ can be classified, as a consequence its extension is unique whether the initial domain is smooth cylindrical or in $BC^1$ etc. This has not shown to be the same when the measure is the probability distribution of any smooth elliptic diffusion. In an earlier paper, we have shown that the closure of $BC^\infty$ functions agree with that of smooth cylindrical functions, leaving an undesirable gap. The Markov uniqueness is essentially concerned with the problem whether there exists a unique Markov process on the path space whose Markov generator agrees with the infinite-dimensional Laplacian on $C^\infty$ cylindrical functions. Here we reduce Markov uniqueness to whether the pull back of $D^{2,1}$ by the ito map is $ D^{2,1}$ (i.e. a surjection). We also propose a possible approach for tackle this problem.
Xyleborus titubanter Schedl 1948
Creators: name: Silva, Mauricio Pérez
name: Martínez, Armando Equihua
name: Atkinson, T. H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Lecanoromycetes
Lecanorales
Stereocaulaceae
Xyleborus
Xyleborus titubanter

description: Xyleborus titubanter Schedl, 1948
Fig. 61–64
 Diagnosis. Longitud de 3.0 a 3.2 mm; coloración negruzca; vestidura escasa. Mitad anterior del pronoto con asperezas gruesas, mitad posterior con puntuaciones pequeñas poco abundantes. Estrías elitrales no impresas, puntuaciones pequeñas, ligeramente profundas y espaciadas, en fila definida. Declive elitral empinado, fuertemente convexo, estrías igualmente definidas como en el área discal, puntuaciones un poco más grandes que las discales; interestrías de la 1 a la 3 armadas de la misma manera, de seis a diez gránulos de tamaño irregular.
description: Published as part of Silva, Mauricio Pérez, Martínez, Armando Equihua & Atkinson, T. H., 2015, Identificación de las especies mexicanas del género Xyleborus Eichhoff, 1864 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), pp. 1-35 in Insecta Mundi 2015 (440) on page 8, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5182434
Phase diversity restoration of sunspot images I. Relations between penumbral and photospheric features
Creators: name: Bonet, J. A.
name: Marquez, I.
name: Muller, R.
name: Sobotka, M.
name: Tritschler, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dynamics of and the relations between small-scale penumbral and photospheric features near the outer penumbral boundary: penumbral grains (PGs), dark penumbral fibrils, granules, and photospheric G-band bright points. The analysis is based on a 2 h time sequence of a sunspot close to disc center, taken simultaneously in the G-band and in the blue continuum at 450.7 nm. Observations were performed at the Swedish Vacuum Solar Telescope (La Palma) in July 1999. A total of 2564 images (46 arcsec x 75 arcsec) were corrected for telescope aberrations and turbulence perturbations by applying the inversion method of phase diversity. Our findings can by summarized as follows: (a) One third of the outward-moving PGs pass through the outer penumbral boundary and then either continue moving as small bright features or expand and develop into granules. (b) Former PGs and G-band bright points next to the spot reveal a different nature. The latter have not been identified as a continuation of PGs escaping from the penumbra. The G-band bright points are mostly born close to dark penumbral fibrils where the magnetic field is strong, whereas PGs stem from the less-magnetized penumbral component and evolve presumably to non-magnetic granules or small bright features.
description: Accepted by A&A, 9 pages and 5 figures
Vortex core structure and global properties of rapidly rotating Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Baym, Gordon
name: Pethick, C. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop an approach for calculating stationary states of rotating Bose-Einstein condensates in harmonic traps which is applicable for arbitrary ratios of the rotation frequency to the transverse frequency of the trap $ω_{\perp}$. Assuming the number of vortices to be large, we write the condensate wave function as the product of a function that describes the structure of individual vortices times an envelope function, varying slowly on the scale of the vortex spacing. By minimizing the energy, we derive Gross-Pitaevskii equations that determine the properties of individual vortices and the global structure of the cloud. For low rotation rates, the structure of a vortex is that of an isolated vortex in a uniform medium, while for rotation rates approaching the frequency of the trap (the mean field quantum Hall regime), the structure is that of the lowest p-wave state of a particle in a harmonic trap with frequency $ω_{\perp}$. The global structure of the cloud is determined by minimizing the energy with respect to variations of the envelope function; for conditions appropriate to most experimental investigations to date, we predict that the transverse density profile of the cloud will be of the Thomas-Fermi form, rather than the Gaussian structure predicted on the assumption that the wave function consists only of components in the lowest Landau level.
description: 11 pages in LateX, 3 figures
Planar Skyrmions: Vibrational Modes and Dynamics
Creators: name: Piette, B. M. A. G.
name: Ward, R. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study Skyrmion dynamics in a (2+1)-dimensional Skyrme model. The system contains a dimensionless parameter alpha, with alpha=0 corresponding to the O(3) sigma-model. If two Skyrmions collide head-on, then they can either coalesce or scatter -- this depends on alpha and on the incident speed v, and is affected by transfer of energy to and from the internal vibrational modes of the Skyrmions. We classify these internal modes and compute their spectrum, for a range of values of alpha. In particular, we find that there is a fractal-like structure of scattering windows, analogous to those seen for kink-antikink scattering in 1+1 dimensions.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures, 1 table
Xyleborus vismiae Wood 1974
Creators: name: Silva, Mauricio Pérez
name: Martínez, Armando Equihua
name: Atkinson, T. H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Lecanoromycetes
Lecanorales
Stereocaulaceae
Xyleborus
Xyleborus vismiae

description: Xyleborus vismiae Wood, 1974
Fig. 65–70
 Diagnosis. Longitud de 3.3 a 3.7 mm; coloración café oscura; con setas escasas. Margen anterior del pronoto procurvado; área anterior con asperezas delgadas y densas, posterior con puntuaciones escasas y muy separadas. Élitros con puntuaciones pequeñas, ligeramente espaciadas, estría 1 semidefinida. Declive elitral gradual, convexo y ligeramente impreso transversalmente cerca del ápice; puntuaciones estriales más anchas que las discales, estrías bien definidas, aunque la 1 cercana a la sutura en el ápice; interestrías con gránulos pequeños, espaciados y distribuidos a lo largo de las interestrías.
description: Published as part of Silva, Mauricio Pérez, Martínez, Armando Equihua & Atkinson, T. H., 2015, Identificación de las especies mexicanas del género Xyleborus Eichhoff, 1864 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae), pp. 1-35 in Insecta Mundi 2015 (440) on page 8, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5182434
What we learn from the afterglow of GRB 021211
Creators: name: Dado, Shlomo
name: Dar, Arnon
name: De Rujula, Alvaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The behaviour of the afterglow (AG) of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) directly provides, in the cannonball (CB) model, information about the environment of their progenitor stars. The well observed early temporal decline of the AG of GRB 021211 is precisely the one predicted in the presence of a progenitor's ``wind'' which resulted in a density profile $\propto 1/r^2$ around the star. The subsequent fast fading --which makes this GRB ``quasi-dark''-- is the one anticipated if, further away, the interstellar density is roughly constant and relatively high. The CB-model fit to the AG clearly shows the presence of an associated supernova akin to SN1998bw, and allows even for the determination of the broad-band spectrum of the host galaxy. GRB 990123 and GRB 021004, whose AGs were also measured very early, are also discussed.
description: Figures 4 and 5 replaced by correct figures
Die geisteswissenschaftliche NFDI-Community bekommt Zuwachs: Einblicke in den Start von Text+
Creators: name: Neuber, Frederike
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: digital humanities
scholarly editions
nfdi
research data management
textplus

description: Presentation at the NFDI4Culture Community Plenary, 19.11.2021.
Allowed permutation symmetry in atomic and molecular wavefunctions. Simple examples
Creators: name: Fernández, Francisco M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that the allowed wavefunctions for an $N$-electron system should be antisymmetric with respect to the permutation of any pair of electron labels. On the other hand, the Hamiltonian for such system is invariant under any permutation of electron labels and, consequently, its eigenfunctions are basis for the irreducible representations of the symmetric group $S_N$.Here, we investigate which symmetry species of the $S_N$ group are compatible with the antisymmetry principle. We illustrate the conclusions by means of simple $N$-particle one-dimensional models with harmonic interactions.
Compact calculation of the Perihelion Precession of Mercury in General Relativity, the Cosmological Constant and Jacobi's Inversion problem
Creators: name: Kraniotis, G. V.
name: Whitehouse, S. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The geodesic equations resulting from the Schwarzschild gravitational metric element are solved exactly including the contribution from the Cosmological constant. The exact solution is given by genus 2 Siegelsche modular forms. For zero cosmological constant the hyperelliptic curve degenerates into an elliptic curve and the resulting geodesic is solved by the Weierstra$ß$ Jacobi modular form. The solution is applied to the precise calculation of the perihelion precession of the orbit of planet Mercury around the Sun.
description: LaTeX file, 24 pages, substantial changes following the Referees' recommendations. Accepted for publication in Classical and Quantum Gravity
Transformations of galaxies in the environments of the cluster ABCG 209 at z~0.2
Creators: name: Mercurio, A.
name: Busarello, G.
name: Merluzzi, P.
name: La Barbera, F.
name: Girardi, M.
name: Haines, C. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the properties of galaxy populations in the rich Abell cluster ABCG 209 at redshift z~0.21, on the basis of spectral classification of 102 member galaxies. We take advantage of available structural parameters to study separately the properties of bulge-dominated and disk-dominated galaxies. The star formation histories of the cluster galaxy populations are investigated by using line strengths and the 4000 A break, through a comparison to stellar population synthesis models. The dynamical properties of different spectral classes are examined in order to infer the past merging history of ABCG 209. The cluster is characterized by the presence of two components: an old galaxy population, formed very early (z_f >~ 3.5), and a younger (z$_f >~ $ 1.2) population of infalling galaxies. We find evidence of a merger with an infalling group of galaxies occurred 3.5-4.5 Gyr ago. The correlation between the position of the young H_delta-strong galaxies and the X-ray flux shows that the hot intracluster medium triggered a starburst in this galaxy population ~ 3 Gyr ago.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures, A&A in press
Additional file 1 of Phylogeography of higher Diptera in glacial and postglacial grasslands in western North America
Creators: name: Solecki, Anna M.
name: Skevington, Jeffrey H.
name: Buddle, Christopher M.
name: Wheeler, Terry A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Number of sequences per species per location. Abbreviations as in Table 4.