cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Decidable models of small theories
Creators: name: Gavryushkin, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Many counterexamples are known in the class of small theories due to Goncharov and Millar. The prime model of a decidable small theory is not necessarily decidable. The saturated model of a hereditarily decidable small theory is not necessarily decidable. A homogeneous model with uniformly decidable type spectra is not necessarily decidable. In this paper, I consider the questions of what model theoretic properties are sufficient for the existence of such counterexamples. I introduce a subclass of the class of small theories, which I call AL theories, show the absence of Goncharov-Millar counterexamples in this class, and isolate a model theoretic property that implies the existence of such anomalies among computable models.
description: Minor changes after review
Counting analysis of Borexino Phase-III data for the detection of CNO solar neutrinos
Creators: name: Biondi, Riccardo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: An accurate measurement of the Solar Neutrino Flux from CNO cycle can shed light on the so called "solar abundance problem": new determinations of the photospheric abundances of heavy elements indicates that the Sun metallicity is lower than previously assumed, however Solar Models incorporating lower abundances are no more able to reproduce the helioseismic results. We propose a method for detecting the CNO interaction in the Borexino detector from a counting analysis in a Region of Interest determined maximizing a Figure of Merit and using both analytical and Monte Carlo modeling of the detector response. In such a way we can keep under control all systematics and avoid unwanted sources of uncertainties. The procedure itself is inspired by a CNO sensitivity study pointing out that the sensitivity to CNO is basically given by the knowledge of the background from Bi210 and pep neutrinos, being the other backgrounds negligible or constrainable.
On the commutator map for real semisimple Lie algebras
Creators: name: Akhiezer, Dmitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We find new sufficient conditions for the commutator map of a real semisimple Lie algebra to be surjective. As an application we prove the surjectivity of the commutator map for all simple algebras except $\mathfrak su_{p,q}$ ($p$ or $q$ >1), $\mathfrak so_{p,p+2}$ ($p$ odd or $p=2$), $\mathfrak u^*_{2m+1}(\mathbb H)$ ($m\ge 1$) and $EIII$.
A “Successful” Policy for Public Safety Communications
Creators: name: Peha, Jon
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 99999 Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: No commercial company stepped forward in the recent auction to deploy a nationwide
communications system that would serve public safety agencies in the 700 MHz band. Many have
mistakenly referred to this outcome as a “failure.” Such statements demonstrate an important
misconception about what must be accomplished. The lack of a winning bidder should not be seen as
failure, and more importantly, the existence of a winning bidder should not be seen as success.
“Success” means providing American emergency responders with a communications system that truly
meets their needs in a post-9/11 world. “Failure” means allocating this valuable spectrum in any
manner that fails to meet public safety and homeland security needs. The lack of a bidder in the last
auction or even the next auction is only a delay. Although no delay is welcome, this delay is small
compared to the period that has already elapsed since September 11, 2001. No one should use a small
delay as the principal excuse to compromise on the final objective.
D6.1b - Global Governance for the Decarbonisation of Energy-Intensive Industries: Exploring Sectoral Options
Creators: name: Otto, Simon
name: Oberthür, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: To achieve the goals of the Paris Agreement the deep decarbonisation of energy-intensive industries (EIIs) by mid-century is essential. However, their transition is hampered by several crucial economic and political barriers, such as limited availability of mitigation technologies, high capital investment needs and long lifecycles, and strong global competition. Global governance and sector-specific initiatives offer great potential to address these barriers and accelerate EII decarbonisation globally – a potential that has so far remained underexploited, however. This article identifies and assesses in detail options of global governance for closing existing governance gaps and advancing the decarbonisation of the main EIIs (i.e., steel, cement and concrete, chemicals, and aluminium). To this end, it proceeds in three steps. It first determines the theoretical potential of international cooperation to address barriers and challenges to the decarbonisation of EIIs along six governance functions, i.e. signal and guidance, rule setting, transparency and accountability, means of implementation, knowledge, and learning, and orchestration and coordination. It then identifies existing gaps in the global governance of decarbonising EIIs, by comparing the theoretical potential of global governance with the existing supply of global governance across the six functions. It finds that recently established global sectoral initiatives provide a promising basis for further enhancing governance, in particular regarding the functions of signal and guidance, means of implementation, as well as a rule set. On this basis, the article proceeds to identify and assess concrete options for enhancing the global climate governance of EIIs to address the gaps identified and drive forward the transition. It analyses if and how reforming existing institutions can address the identified governance gaps, before discussing the possible creation of new institutions to address the remaining gaps. Existing institutions offer a good starting to advance global governance on many functions, but a new institution can significantly enhance existing efforts and is required to address issues regarding international competition and carbon leakage and the harmonisation of standards for near-zero emission basic materials. The analysis provides priorities and ‘feasible’ steps towards a better exploitation of the potential of global governance for the decarbonisation of EIIs that can drive forward the sector's transition to climate neutrality.
Enhancing Thermal Solutions with Smart Sensors using Physics-Informed Neural Networks
Creators: name: Zhang, Lanyue
name: Ang, Yun Mei, Elisa
name: Wang, Pengcheng
Publisher: name: Singapore Institute of Technology
Year: 2024

description: In recent studies, the potential of Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) has been highlighted as an alternative to conventional mesh-dependent partial differential equation (PDE) solvers for solving complex thermal-fluid problems with intricate domains and boundary conditions. However, the high computational cost associated with PINNs currently limits their practical use in engineering applications. To unlock the full potential of PINNs for industry, this work aims to develop an efficient and accurate PINN-based model by incorporating sensors into the network. By strategically placing a small number of sensors and employing active sensor placement techniques, a significant acceleration in convergence and improved accuracy of PINNs in solving flow and thermal problems can be achieved. This study investigates the achievable speedup and provides guidelines for sensor placement. Furthermore, the methodology developed here can be extended to cooling strategies, including natural and forced heat convection, particularly in the near-wall or surface region of heat sources. MATLAB wide suite of deep learning tools provide an easy to adapt environment for this development.
A Multi-Pollutant Modeling Framework for Carbon Management Technologies
Creators: name: Rubin, Edward
name: Rao, Anand S.
name: Berkenpas, Michael B.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 99999 Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: As part of DOE/NETL’s Carbon Sequestration Program, we are developing an integrated, multi-pollutant
modeling framework to evaluate the costs and performance of alternative carbon capture and sequestration
technologies for fossil-fueled power plants. The model calculates emissions, costs, and efficiency on a
systematic basis at the level of an individual plant or facility. Both new and existing facilities can be
modeled, including coal-based or natural gas-based combustion or gasification systems using air or oxygen.
CO2 storage options include various types of geologic formations, as well as ocean and terrestrial sinks. A
key feature of the integrated modeling framework is the explicit characterization of uncertainties in model
inputs and results using a probabilistic (stochastic simulation) capability. This capability provides
quantitative estimates of the technological and economic risks associated with alternative CO2 capture and
sequestration technologies. This paper reviews the goals and scope of this project and presents preliminary
results for the case of carbon capture from coal combustion.
A Secondary Broadband Provider for Public Safety
Creators: name: Peha, Jon
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 99999 Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: A first responder may have multiple wireless communications systems to choose
from. At least one system must provide service of sufficient quality and availability for
mission-critical voice communications during emergencies. I have referred to this as the
primary system [2]. In addition, that first responder can benefit greatly from access to a
variety of other systems that I have referred to as secondary [2]. This white paper will
briefly summarize some of the advantages of secondary systems in general, and
secondary systems providing broadband services in particular. This white paper is a
complement to an upcoming Capitol Hill Briefing [1]. This paper will also discuss some
of the dangers of using resources intended to build a primary broadband system, and then
settling for a secondary broadband system.
Temperature-Dependence of Magnetically-Active Charge Excitations in Magnetite across the Verwey Transition
Creators: name: Taguchi, M.
name: Chainani, A.
name: Ueda, S.
name: Matsunami, M.
name: Ishida, Y.
name: Eguchi, R.
name: Tsuda, S.
name: Takata, Y.
name: Yabashi, M.
name: Tamasaku, K.
name: Nishino, Y.
name: Ishikawa, T.
name: Daimon, H.
name: Todo, S.
name: Tanaka, H.
name: Oura, M.
name: Senba, Y.
name: Ohashi, H.
name: Shin, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the electronic structure of bulk single crystals and epitaxial films of magnetite Fe$_3$O$_4$. Fe $2p$ core-level spectra show clear differences between hard x-ray (HAX-) and soft x-ray (SX-) photoemission spectroscopy (PES), indicative of surface effects. The bulk-sensitive spectra exhibit temperature ($T$)-dependent charge excitations across the Verwey transition at $T_V$=122 K, which is missing in the surface-sensitive spectra. An extended impurity Anderson model full-multiplet analysis reveals roles of the three distinct Fe-species (A-Fe$^{3+}$, B-Fe$^{2+}$, B-Fe$^{3+}$) below $T_V$ for the Fe $2p$ spectra, and its $T-$dependent evolution. The Fe $2p$ HAXPES spectra show a clear magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) in the metallic phase of magnetized 100-nm-thick films. The model calculations also reproduce the MCD and identify the magnetically distinct sites associated with the charge excitations. Valence band HAXPES shows finite density of states at $E_F$ for the polaronic metal with remnant order above $T_V$, and a clear gap formation below $T_V$. The results indicate that the Verwey transition is driven by changes in the strongly correlated and magnetically active B-Fe$^{2+}$ and B-Fe$^{3+}$ electronic states, consistent with resistivity and bulk-sensitive optical spectra.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures Accepted in Physical Review Letters
Development of transition-edge sensor based large area photon detectors for CUPID.
Creators: name: Singh, Vivek
name: Novosad Valentine
name: Jianjie Zhang
name: Huang, Roger
name: Pearson, John
name: Schmidt, Benjamin
name: Benato, Giovanni
name: Lisovenko Marharyta
name: Sachinthya Wagaarachchi
name: Armstrong, Whitney
name: Karapetrov, Goran
name: Kawtar Hafidi
name: Zein-Eddine Meziani
name: Welliver, Bradford
name: Chang, Clarence
name: Yefremenko, Vlad
name: Gensheng Wang
name: Kolomensky, Yury
name: Fujikawa, Brian
name: Marini, Laura
name: Polakovic, Tomas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: CUPID (CUORE Upgrade with Particle ID) is a proposed tonne-scale $0\nu\beta\beta$ experiment that will use arrays of low-temperature calorimeters to probe the Majorana nature of neutrinos. CUORE has already shown the power and scalability of tonne-scale array at low temperatures (~10 mK), and CUPID aims to improve on its search sensitivity by reducing backgrounds by at least two orders of magnitude. CUPID will do background rejection by reading out phonon and photon signals simultaneously from a scintillating crystal or a Cherenkov light-emitting crystal. We are developing sensitive low temperature calorimeters that can measure tiny amounts of scintillation/Cherenkov light. The detectors use a novel Ir/Pt bilayer superconducting transition-edge-sensor (TES) that can be operated below 40 mK. We will present an overview of the fabrication, characterization, and performance of TES based large area photon detectors for CUPID.
Fractal analysis of Hopf bifurcation at infinity
Creators: name: Radunović, Goran
name: Županović, Vesna
name: Žubrinić, Darko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Using geometric inversion with respect to the origin we extend the definition of box dimension to the case of unbounded subsets of Euclidean spaces. Alternative but equivalent definition is provided using stereographic projection on the Riemann sphere. We study its basic properties, and apply it to the study of the Hopf-Takens bifurcation at infinity.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures
Bridging the Divide Between Technologists and Policy-Makers
Creators: name: Peha, Jon
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 99999 Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: Modern governments face an increasing number of issues that require extensive knowledge of science or technology for effective decision-making. These include issues of health care, environment, energy, agriculture, national defense, communications and transportation, to name a few. There is no shortage of expertise to address these issues; the majority of scientists and engineers who have ever lived are alive today. Yet all too often, the policy-making process does not benefit from this technical expertise. There is a great divide between technologists-research-oriented, forward-looking engineers and scientists-and policy-makers, elected legislators and their staffs at the local, state and Federal levels. As a result, we have a system in which policy-makers are too often deprived of knowledge that they need to do their job well, and in which technologists with this knowledge have limited influence. Each side may blame the other for its inaccessibility. At the core of this failure to communicate are two groups with different operational systems and different cultures
Effects of four months of detraining on explosive performance in young amateur soccer players
Creators: name: Kessouri, Oussama
name: Ouamer Ait Ouazzou, Mohand
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Detraining; Covid- 19; Explosive performance; Young soccer players

description: This study aimed to determine the effects of four months of detraining after seven months of soccer training on explosive performance in young amateur soccer players. Nine players (mean±SD: age, 18.33±0.5 years; height, 177.11±5.51 cm; weight, 63.75±8.21) from an Algerian amateur team participated in this study. To determine the effects of detraining, 10-m and 20-m, Zig zag, and countermovement jump tests were used in this study. When comparing measurements before and after the 04 months of detraining, a significant decrease in 10-m (p < 0.01), 20-m (p < 0.05) sprint and zig zag (p <0.05) tests were observed. There was no statistically significant in the CMJ test, but there is a trend of decrease in it (35.66 ± 4.76 vs 33.77 ± 2.94).Researchers concluded that a four-month detraining reduces the explosive performance of young soccerplayers. Therefore, players must remain active through carefully suggested training programs if the off-period of the season is prolonged for any reason.
DeSIGN: An Intelligent Tutor to Teach American Sign Language
Creators: name: Xu, Ling
name: Vinithra  Varadharajan
name: Maravich, Joyce
name: Tongia, Rahul
name: Mostow, Jack
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 99999 Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: This paper presents the development of DeSIGN, an educational
software application for those deaf students who are taught to communicate
using American Sign Language (ASL). The software reinforces
English vocabulary and ASL signs by providing two essential
components of a tutor, lessons and tests. The current version
was designed for 5th and 6th graders, whose literacy skills
lag by a grade or more on average. In addition, a game that allows
the students to be creative has been integrated into the tests.
Another feature of DeSIGN is its ability to intelligently adapt its
tests to the changing knowledge of the student as determined by a
knowledge tracing algorithm. A separate interface for the teacher
enables additions and modifications to the content of the tutor and
provides progress monitoring. These dynamic aspects help motivate
the students to use the software repeatedly. This software
prototype aims at a feasible and sustainable approach to increase
the participation of deaf people in society. DeSIGN has undergone
an iteration of testing and is currently in use at a school for the
deaf in Pittsburgh.
Particle Diagrams and Statistics of Many-Body Random Potentials
Creators: name: Small, Rupert
name: Müller, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method using Feynman-like diagrams to calculate the statistical properties of random many-body potentials. This method provides a promising alternative to existing techniques typically applied to this class of problems, such as the method of supersymmetry and the eigenvector expansion technique pioneered in [1]. We use it here to calculate the fourth, sixth and eighth moments of the average level density for systems with $m$ bosons or fermions that interact through a random $k$-body Hermitian potential ($k \le m$); the ensemble of such potentials with a Gaussian weight is known as the embedded Gaussian Unitary Ensemble (eGUE) [2]. Our results apply in the limit where the number $l$ of available single-particle states is taken to infinity. A key advantage of the method is that it provides an efficient way to identify only those expressions which will stay relevant in this limit. It also provides a general argument for why these terms have to be the same for bosons and fermions. The moments are obtained as sums over ratios of binomial expressions, with a transition from moments associated to a semi-circular level density for $m < 2k$ to Gaussian moments in the dilute limit $k \ll m \ll l$. Regarding the form of this transition, we see that as $m$ is increased, more and more diagrams become relevant, with new contributions starting from each of the points $m = 2k, 3k, \ldots, nk$ for the $2n$-th moment.
description: 39 pages, 17 figures
Reckoning with the Oceanic Territoriality of 'Uncle SPAM': Processed Meats and Resurgent Seeds in Craig Santos Perez's Poetics of the Militarized Pacific
Creators: name: Etherington, Bonnie
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: No description supplied
Das Netzwerk aus Anbietern von Daten, Diensten und IT Werkzeugen in NFDI4Biodiversity
Creators: name: Weibulat, Tanja
name: Triebel, Dagmar
name: König-Ries, Birgitta
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: NFDI4Biodiversity
AllHands4Biodiv
Ressourcenanbieter
Datenzentrum
Datenanbieter
Serviceanbieter
Resource Provider
Data Center
Data Provider
Service Provider
NFDI

description: Das NFDI4Biodiversity-Konsortium besteht aus einem Netzwerk von Ressourcen-Anbietern, welche u.a. Datenanbieter, Datenzentren und Serviceanbieter umfassen. In Task Area 3 Measure 3 werden diese Partner adressiert, damit sie ihre Dienste, Software und Daten unabhängig von Task Area 1 Use Cases für NFDI konsolidieren, weiterentwickeln und für die Research Data Commons (RDC) Cloud erschließen können. So werden Forschungsdaten für die Nationale Forschungsdateninfrastruktur (NFDI) mobilisiert und der gemeinsame Ausbau von Werkzeugen und IT Services vorangetrieben.
A general formulation of Bead Models applied to flexible fibers and active filaments at low Reynolds number
Creators: name: Delmotte, Blaise
name: Climent, Eric
name: Plouraboue, Franck
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This contribution provides a general framework to use Lagrange multipliers for the simulation of low Reynolds number fiber dynamics based on Bead Models (BM). This formalism provides an efficient method to account for kinematic constraints. We illustrate, with several examples, to which extent the proposed formulation offers a flexible and versatile framework for the quantitative modeling of flexible fibers deformation and rotation in shear flow, the dynamics of actuated filaments and the propulsion of active swimmers. Furthermore, a new contact model called Gears Model is proposed and successfully tested. It avoids the use of numerical artifices such as repulsive forces between adjacent beads, a source of numerical difficulties in the temporal integration of previous Bead Models.
description: 41 pages, 15 figures
Making Political Ads Personal
Creators: name: Peha, Jon
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 99999 Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: As the presidential campaigns shift from televised
conventions to the general election, a new
danger to the electoral process may well emerge in
the form of highly targeted online advertising
unless the Federal Election Committee makes such ad
vertising visible to all.
Studi Implementasi Ujian Online Menggunakan LMS Moodle pada Mahasiswa PGMI UNISKA MAB Banjarmasin
Creators: name: Batubara, Hamdan Husein
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Education

description: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pelaksanaan ujian online menggunakan kuis LMS Moodle. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode campuran dengan instrumen kuesioner, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa program studi Pendidikan Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Guru Pendidikan Universitas Islam Kalimantan MAB Banjarmasin. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan prosedur implementasi ujian online yang terdiri dari: mempersiapkan item soal yang akan diujikan, membuat kategori soal, membuat dan mengunggah soal ke bank soal, membuat kategori nilai, menambahkan fitur kuis, melaksanakan ujian online, mengoreksi, dan mengunduh nilai. Tingkat kepuasan responden terhadap pelaksanaan ujian online berada pada kategori baik sebesar 45%, sangat baik 18%, kurang baik 25%, dan tidak baik 12%. Hal-hal yang perlu diperhatikan sebelum pelaksanaan ujian online adalah: kondisi jaringan internet, jumlah komputer yang siap pakai, dan sosialisasi standar penyelenggaraan ujian online.

 Abstract This study aims to examine the implementation of online exams using quiz of LMS Moodle. This study uses a mixed method using questionnaire, interview, and documentation. The subjects of the study were students of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Teacher Training Department of Kalimantan Islamic University MAB Banjarmasin. The results of this study found that procedure of the online exam implementation consists of: preparing items to be tested, creating question category, creating and uploading questions to question bank, creating grade category, adding quiz feature, executing online exam, correcting and downloading grades. The level of respondent satisfaction to implementation online exam is in good category of 45%, very good 18%, less good 25%, and not good 12%. Things to be considered before online exam implementation are: the condition of internet network, the number of computers ready for use, and the socialization of online exam implementation standards.
OSIRIS - A 20 ton liquid scintillator detector as a radioactivity monitor for JUNO
Creators: name: Göttel, Alexandre
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: OSIRIS is a 20 ton liquid scintillator (LS) detector. Its purpose is to serve as a pre-detector for the 20 kiloton JUNO detector under construction in Jiangmen, China. It will monitor JUNO's LS for about six months during filling. The measurement exploits the fast BiPo time-coincidences of the $^{238}$U and $^{232}$Th decay chains. OSIRIS will also measure the rates of $^{14}$C and $^{210}$Po in the LS. The detector consists of two optically separated vessels. The inner vessel is an acrylic cylinder which will hold the LS. This inner tank and an array of 64 20'' Hamamatsu PMTs will be submerged in water contained inside of the stainless steel outer vessel. The PMT readout design will use a novel approach with much of the electronics placed directly inside the base of each PMT, allowing for a high signal quality and a triggerless readout scheme.
Cap and Trade is Not Enough
Creators: name: Samaras, Constantine
name: Apt, Jerome
name: Azevedo, Ines L.
name: Lave, Lester B.
name: M. Granger Morgan
name: Rubin, Edward
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 99999 Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: A market-based mechanism (e.g. cap and trade or a carbon tax) is likely to be a key part of America's strategy to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. We need to do this soon so that a framework for emissions reductions is established. However, for at least the next decade, a market-based approach alone will not induce the investments in long-lived technology needed to put the nation on a track to achieve a 50 to 80% reduction in emissions of carbon dioxide by mid-century. The range of prices for CO2 being discussed will be too low to make this happen.
Constrained $H^1$-regularization schemes for diffeomorphic image registration
Creators: name: Mang, Andreas
name: Biros, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68U10, 49J20, 35Q93, 65K10, 76D55, 90C20

description: We propose regularization schemes for deformable registration and efficient algorithms for their numerical approximation. We treat image registration as a variational optimal control problem. The deformation map is parametrized by its velocity. Tikhonov regularization ensures well-posedness. Our scheme augments standard smoothness regularization operators based on $H^1$- and $H^2$-seminorms with a constraint on the divergence of the velocity field, which resembles variational formulations for Stokes incompressible flows. In our formulation, we invert for a stationary velocity field and a mass source map. This allows us to explicitly control the compressibility of the deformation map and by that the determinant of the deformation gradient. We also introduce a new regularization scheme that allows us to control shear. We use a globalized, preconditioned, matrix-free, reduced space (Gauss--)Newton--Krylov scheme for numerical optimization. We exploit variable elimination techniques to reduce the number of unknowns of our system; we only iterate on the reduced space of the velocity field. Our current implementation is limited to the two-dimensional case. The numerical experiments demonstrate that we can control the determinant of the deformation gradient without compromising registration quality. This additional control allows us to avoid oversmoothing of the deformation map. We also demonstrate that we can promote or penalize shear while controlling the determinant of the deformation gradient.
First KATRIN Bounds on Light Sterile Neutrino
Creators: name: Lasserre, Thierry
name: Guennic, Nathan Le
name: Schlüter, Lisa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: The KArlsruhe TRItium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment is designed to determine the effective mass of the electron-antineutrino with a target sensitivity of 200 meV/c2 in a direct and model-independent way. KATRIN uses a strong windowless gaseous tritium source combined with a large, high-resolution spectrometer (MAC-E filter) to accurately analyze the electron energies from the source. In this poster, we present the limits of the 3+1 sterile-active neutrino mixture obtained from the first data of the KATRIN experiment. The implications for the reactor antineutrino anomaly and the gallium anomaly will be discussed. Finally, the prospects for the next KATRIN data will also be presented.
P2P on Campus: Who, What, and How Much
Creators: name: Mateus, Alexandre M
name: Peha, Jon
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 99999 Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: This Article presents findings from a large-scale quantitative assessment of online exchanges of copy righted material on a college campus based on network data collected using deep packet inspection. Findings sh ow that use of Peer-to-Peer (P2P) to transfer copyrighted content is widespread on campus, although observed P2P is declining. In a month-long period in Spring 2008, 40% of students living on campus were observed engaging in P2P and 70% of those were detected attempting to transfer copyrighted content. Compared to Spring 2007, there was a 10% decrease in the daily percentage of detected P2P users and a 20% decrease in the daily percentage of P2P users detected attempting to transfer copyrighted content. P2P activity was detected across all genders, ages, classes and majors, and the observed decline was fairly uniform across demographics, except that P2P usage is high among freshmen in their first month on campus, and falls in subsequent semesters, indicating students became P2 P users prior to college. The effect of this widespread P2P usage on content sales is complex. While 22% of P2P users purchased content from the iTunes Store (iTS), each buying on average about as much content as iTS customers w ho didn’t use P2P, 10% of P2P users only sampled conte nt from the iTS, but did not buy. The fact that many students use both P2P and iTS shows that factors other than price and fear of lawsuits come to play in users’ decisions, and content sellers might take advantage of such factors to win back some of their potential customers from P2P. As for the content itself, P2P users transferred a diverse mix including music, video and software. Music and video transfer red over P2P show a heavy-tailed distribution of popularity, with less popular content accounting for a significant share of transfers. Moreover, for video, the importance o f less popular content is growing. This indicates that a legal seller may need a large inventory to compete with P2P
Evaluating the Terms Americans Use to Refer to “Carbon Emissions”
Creators: name: Commerçon, Francis A.
name: Goldberg, Matthew H.
name: Lacroix, Karine
name: Carman, Jennifer P.
name: Rosenthal, Seth A.
name: Leiserowitz, Anthony
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: The effectiveness of climate change communication depends in part on how people perceive common terms used to describe key climate concepts. In a mixed methods study (N = 2859), we examined affect, top-of-mind associations, beliefs, policy support, and behavioral intentions elicited by terms communicators colloquially use to refer to the gases responsible for climate change: greenhouse gas emissions, carbon emissions, and carbon pollution. Open-ended responses revealed that, of the three terms, carbon pollution evoked more negative images of harm; carbon emissions evoked more negative images of pollution; and greenhouse gas emissions evoked more images of climate change. Respondents had generally stronger negative affect toward carbon emissions and carbon pollution than greenhouse gas emissions. Although Americans had similar beliefs about carbon emissions and carbon pollution, they linked both terms more strongly than greenhouse gas emissions to harms to human health and the environment and to poor air quality.
D6.1d - On the Road to Somewhere? Assessing Climate Governance Gaps and Options for the Land Transport Sector
Creators: name: Hall, Catherine
name: van Asselt, Harro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Notwithstanding its overall importance, the United Nations (UN) climate change regime has so far played a limited role in driving sectoral transformations toward climate neutrality. However, the challenges and opportunities for sectoral transformations, as well as the need for and potential for international governance, differ across varying sectoral systems. Land transport is a major emitter of greenhouse gas emissions and one of the most difficult sectors to decarbonise. Emissions from the land transport sector are projected to rise, with total transport activity expected to more than double by 2050 against 2015 levels (International Transport Forum, 2021). Drawing on a review of available policy documents and secondary literature, this paper assesses the extent to which international governance can promote the transformation of land transport towards sustainability and decarbonisation. It first identifies the key challenges and barriers to sectoral decarbonisation inland transport, as well as any unexploited potentials. The paper then examines the potential of international cooperation to address these barriers and mobilise any potentials, mapped against six key governance functions, namely: (1) guidance and signal, (2) rules and standards, (3) transparency and accountability, (4) means of implementation (5) knowledge and learning, and (6) orchestration and coordination. The paper subsequently analyses the existing governance landscape, to identify to what extent current institutions have been exploiting these governance potentials. The paper finds that the overall international governance potential in the area of sustainable mobility remains underexploited. The paper accordingly explores how international governance may be enhanced in the land transport sector and offers some concrete options to this end, including institutional reform as well as the potential creation of a new institution in the form of a climate club.
KATRIN Neutrino Mass Analysis With the Covariance Matrix Approach
Creators: name: Lasserre, Thierry
name: Schlüter, Lisa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: The KArlsruhe TRItium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment is designed to determine the effective mass of the electron-antineutrino with a target sensitivity of 200 meV/c2 (90% C.L.) in a direct and model-independent way. KATRIN uses a strong gaseous windowless Tritium source associated with a large high-resolution spectrometer (MAC-E filter) to analyze precisely the electron energies from the source. The neutrino mass can be inferred from the shape of the tritium 𝛽-decay spectrum in the endpoint region. After global commissioning of the apparatus with Tritium in 2018, KATRIN started its first neutrino mass measurement campaign in spring 2019. This talk presents the first neutrino mass results, including an analysis of stability and systematics effects based on the covariance matrix approach, using the Samak simulation analysis package. New analysis developments for the forthcoming KATRIN data will be presented.
Protecting Public Safety With Better Communications Systems
Creators: name: Peha, Jon
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 99999 Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: Modern communications technology allowed people around the world to watch in real time
the horrific aftermath of two planes hitting the World Trade Center in New York City.
Simultaneously, communications technology was failing to meet the most basic needs of public
safety organizations on the scene [1]. The worst failure occurred in the World Trade Center’s
North Tower. At 9:59AM on September 11, 2001, the first of several announcements was
transmitted to emergency responders ordering them to evacuate the North Tower. Police inside
the building heard the order on their radios, and most left safely. However, firefighters were
using incompatible communications equipment that could not receive the order. People watching
television at home knew that the unimaginable had already occurred - that the World Trade
Center’s South Tower had collapsed - but many firefighters inside the North Tower would never
learn of this. When the North tower fell 29 minutes after that first evacuation order, 121
firefighters were still inside. None survived. At the same time, two hundred miles away, more
communications failures were making it harder to contain fires at the Pentagon, where another
plane had crashed. These failures put more lives at risk.
Analysis of KATRIN Data Using Monte Carlo Propagation
Creators: name: Mertens, Susanne
name: Karl, Christian
name: Slezak, Martin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: The KATRIN experiment is designed to measure the effective electron anti-neutrino mass $m_{\nu}$ by investigating the energy spectrum of tritium $\beta$-decay. This poster presents one of the analysis strategies pursued by the collaboration which is based upon Monte Carlo propagation of uncertainties. It was already successfully applied to the first neutrino measurement campaign which took place in spring 2019. As a result, we derive an upper limit of $m_{\nu} < 1.1\,\mathrm{eV}$ at 90$\,$% confidence level using the sensitivity limit method of Lokhov and Tkachov. These results as well as a sterile neutrino search based on this first data set will be presented. Finally, we plan to discuss first results of the subsequent data taking phase in autumn 2019.
Strain-Induced Extrinsic High-Temperature Ferromagnetism in the Fe-Doped Hexagonal Barium Titanate
Creators: name: Zorko, A.
name: Pregelj, M.
name: Gomilšek, M.
name: Jagličić, Z.
name: Pajić, D.
name: Telling, M.
name: Arčon, I.
name: Mikulska, I.
name: Valant, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diluted magnetic semiconductors possessing intrinsic static magnetism at high temperatures represent a promising class of multifunctional materials with high application potential in spintronics and magneto-optics. In the hexagonal Fe-doped diluted magnetic oxide, 6H-BaTiO$_{3-δ}$, room-temperature ferromagnetism has been previously reported. Ferromagnetism is broadly accepted as an intrinsic property of this material, despite its unusual dependence on doping concentration and processing conditions. However, the here reported combination of bulk magnetization and complementary in-depth local-probe electron spin resonance and muon spin relaxation measurements, challenges this conjecture. While a ferromagnetic transition occurs around 700 K, it does so only in additionally annealed samples and is accompanied by an extremely small average value of the ordered magnetic moment. Furthermore, several additional magnetic instabilities are detected at lower temperatures. These coincide with electronic instabilities of the Fe-doped 3C-BaTiO$_{3-δ}$ pseudocubic polymorph. Moreover, the distribution of iron dopants with frozen magnetic moments is found to be non-uniform. Our results demonstrate that the intricate static magnetism of the hexagonal phase is not intrinsic, but rather stems from sparse strain-induced pseudocubic regions. We point out the vital role of internal strain in establishing defect ferromagnetism in systems with competing structural phases.
description: version equivalent to the one published in Scientific Reports, freely available at http://www.nature.com/srep/2015/150109/srep07703/full/srep07703.html
Experience Curves for Power Plant Emission Control Technologies
Creators: name: Rubin, Edward
name: Yeh, Sonia
name: Hounshell, David
name: Taylor, Margaret R.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 99999 Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: This paper examines past experience in controlling emissions of sulphur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) from coal-fired electric power plants. In particular, we focus on US and worldwide experience with two major environmental control technologies: flue gas desulphurisation (FGD) systems for SO2  control and selective catalytic reduction (SCR) systems for NOx control. We quantitatively characterise historical trends in the deployment and costs of these technologies over the past 30 years, and use these data to develop quantitative ''experience curves'' to characterise the rates of cost reduction as a function of cumulative installed capacity of each technology. We explore the key factors responsible for the observed trends, especially the development of regulatory policies for SO2 and NOx control and their implications for environmental control technology innovation. We further discuss some of the key technical innovations that have contributed to cost reductions over time. Finally, we discuss the relevance of these findings to other environmental issues of current interest, especially the outlook for technological progress in carbon capture and sequestration technologies applicable to fossil fuelled electric power plants.
D7.8: Collection of Sectoral Transformation Policy Papers published during the first half of the project
Creators: name: Obergassel, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: The main aim of this deliverable is to document the progress of the policy paper series during the first reporting period. All papers produced so far were already published individually on the project’s website and advertised in the project newsletter and on social media. Most outputs of work packages 1 to 6 will consist of research reports and manuscripts for academic journals. The objective of the policy paper series is therefore to distil policy-relevant results in a more digestible format targeted at policymakers and stakeholders. So far, two policy papers were published, plus a submission to the Global Stocktake (GST) process of the UNFCCC. As the project is starting to produce more research outputs, there will correspondingly be more material to translate into policy papers.
Climate Change Consensus Messages Cause Reactance
Creators: name: Chinn, Sedona
name: Hart, P. Sol
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Several recent studies have debated whether climate change consensus messages cause reactance, although they sometimes employ different procedures and measurement. This study uses procedures and measures from competing studies to allow for a comparison of the respective approaches. We find that climate change consensus messages cause reactance, particularly among Republicans and those who do not believe in anthropogenic climate change. These findings highlight concerns that consensus messaging strategies may be ineffective or backfire among audiences that science communicators are most keen to target.
Neutrinos in the far-forward region at the LHC
Creators: name: Milind Diwan
name: Weidong Bai
name: Reno, Mary Hall
name: Garzelli, Maria Vittoria
name: Jeong, Yu Seon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: The production and prompt decays of $D_s$ and $B$ mesons to tau neutrinos and taus can produce a significant number of tau neutrinos in the high rapidity region at the LHC. Heavy flavor decays dominate tau neutrino production in the far-forward region. Using NLO QCD and heavy quark transverse momentum smearing guided by LHCb data on $D_s$ production for rapidity $y=2.0-4.5$, we present a new calculation of the spectrum of tau neutrinos, and for definiteness, the number of events for a 1.0 m radius, 1.0 m length lead detector, located 480 m from the LHC interaction point for $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=14$ TeV and ${\cal L}=3000$ fb$^{-1}$. We illustrate how tau neutrino detection in this region could probe a 3+1 active-sterile neutrino mixing scenario, in the context of the theoretical uncertainties for heavy flavor production.
Environmental Literature as Persuasion: An Experimental Test of the Effects of Reading Climate Fiction
Creators: name: Schneider-Mayerson, Matthew
name: Gustafson, Abel
name: Leiserowitz, Anthony
name: Goldberg, Matthew H.
name: Rosenthal, Seth A.
name: Ballew, Matthew
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Literary works of fiction about climate change are becoming more common and more popular among critics and readers. While much research has indicated the persuasive effectiveness of narrative storytelling in general, empirical research has not yet tested the effects of reading climate fiction. This paper reports results from the first experimental study to test the immediate and delayed impacts of climate fiction on readers’ beliefs and attitudes about climate change. We found that reading climate fiction had small but significant positive effects on several important beliefs and attitudes about global warming – observed immediately after participants read the stories. However, these effects diminished to statistical nonsignificance after a one-month interval. In this paper, we review the relevant literature, present the design and results of this experiment, and discuss implications for future research and practice.