cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Optimization and Quality Assessment of Baryon Pasting for Intracluster Gas using the Borg Cube Simulation
Creators: name: Kéruzoré, F.
name: Bleem, L. E.
name: Buehlmann, M.
name: Emberson, J. D.
name: Frontiere, N.
name: Habib, S.
name: Heitmann, K.
name: Larsen, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Synthetic datasets generated from large-volume gravity-only simulations are an important tool in the calibration of cosmological analyses. Their creation often requires accurate inference of baryonic observables from the dark matter field. We explore the effectiveness of a baryon pasting algorithm in providing precise estimations of three-dimensional gas thermodynamic properties based on gravity-only simulations. We use the Borg Cube, a pair of simulations originating from identical initial conditions, with one run evolved as a gravity-only simulation, and the other incorporating non-radiative hydrodynamics. Matching halos in both simulations enables comparisons of gas properties on an individual halo basis. This comparative analysis allows us to fit for the model parameters that yield the closest agreement between the gas properties in both runs. To capture the redshift evolution of these parameters, we perform the analysis at five distinct redshift steps, spanning from $z=0$ to $2$. We find that the investigated algorithm, utilizing information solely from the gravity-only simulation, achieves few-percent accuracy in reproducing the median intracluster gas pressure and density, albeit with a scatter of approximately 20%, for cluster-scale objects up to $z=2$. We measure the scaling relation between integrated Compton parameter and cluster mass ($Y_{500c} | M_{500c}$), and find that the imprecision of baryon pasting adds less than 5% to the intrinsic scatter measured in the hydrodynamic simulation. We provide best-fitting values and their redshift evolution, and discuss future investigations that will be undertaken to extend this work.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables; accepted in the Open Journal of Astrophysics
Edge Mode Combinations in the Entanglement Spectra of Non-Abelian Fractional Quantum Hall States on the Torus
Creators: name: Liu, Zhao
name: Bergholtz, Emil J.
name: Fan, Heng
name: Laeuchli, Andreas M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed analysis of bi-partite entanglement in the non-Abelian Moore-Read fractional quantum Hall state of bosons and fermions on the torus. In particular, we show that the entanglement spectra can be decomposed into intricate combinations of different sectors of the conformal field theory describing the edge physics, and that the edge level counting and tower structure can be microscopically understood by considering the vicinity of the thin-torus limit. We also find that the boundary entropy density of the Moore-Read state is markedly higher than in the Laughlin states investigated so far. Despite the torus geometry being somewhat more involved than in the sphere geometry, our analysis and insights may prove useful when adopting entanglement probes to other systems that are more easily studied with periodic boundary conditions, such as fractional Chern insulators and lattice problems in general.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, published version on PRB
ANALYSIS OF CONTINUOUS LEARNING MODELS FOR TRAJECTORY REPRESENTATION
Creators: name: Norman, Kendal Graham
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Deep learning
Neural networks
Intelligent robotics

description: Trajectory planning is a field with widespread utility, and imitation learning pipelines
 show promise as an accessible training method for trajectory planning. MPNet is the state
 of the art for imitation learning with respect to success rates. MPNet has two general
 components to its runtime: a neural network predicts the location of the next anchor point in
 a trajectory, and then planning infrastructure applies sampling-based techniques to produce
 near-optimal, collision-less paths. This distinction between the two parts of MPNet prompts
 investigation into the role of the neural architectures in the Neural Motion Planning pipeline,
 to discover where improvements can be made. This thesis seeks to explore the importance
 of neural architecture choice by removing the planning structures, and comparing MPNet’s
 feedforward anchor point predictor with that of a continuous model trained to output a
 continuous trajectory from start to goal. A new state of the art model in continuous learning
 is the Neural Flow model. As a continuous model, it possess a low standard deviation runtime
 which can be properly leveraged in the absence of planning infrastructure. Neural Flows also
 output smooth, continuous trajectory curves that serve to reduce noisy path outputs in the
 absence of lazy vertex contraction. This project analyzes the performance of MPNet, Resnet
 Flow, and Coupling Flow models when sampling-based planning tools such as dropout, lazy
 vertex contraction, and replanning are removed. Each neural planner is trained end-to-end in
 an imitation learning pipeline utilizing a simple feedforward encoder, a CNN-based encoder,
 and a Pointnet encoder to encode the environment, for purposes of comparison. Results
 indicate that performance is competitive, with Neural Flows slightly outperforming MPNet’s
 success rates on our reduced dataset in Simple2D, and being slighty outperformed by MPNet
 with respect to collision penetration distance in our UR5 Cubby test suite. These results
 indicate that continuous models can compete with the performance of anchor point predictor
 models when sampling-based planning techniques are not applied. Neural Flow models also
 have other benefits that anchor point predictors do not, like continuity guarantees, the ability
 to select a proportional location in a trajectory to output, and smoothness.
Fusion rules and shrinking rules of topological orders in five dimensions
Creators: name: Huang, Yizhou
name: Zhang, Zhi-Feng
name: Ye, Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a series of work about 5D (spacetime) topological orders, here we employ the path-integral formalism of 5D topological quantum field theory (TQFT) established in Zhang and Ye, JHEP 04 (2022) 138 to explore non-Abelian fusion rules, hierarchical shrinking rules and quantum dimensions of particle-like, loop-like and membrane-like topological excitations in 5D topological orders. To illustrate, we focus on a prototypical example of twisted $BF$ theories that comprise the twisted topological terms of the $BBA$ type. First, we classify topological excitations by establishing equivalence classes among all gauge-invariant Wilson operators. Then, we compute fusion rules from the path-integral and find that fusion rules may be non-Abelian; that is, the fusion outcome can be a direct sum of distinct excitations. We further compute shrinking rules. Especially, we discover exotic hierarchical structures hidden in shrinking processes of 5D or higher: a membrane is shrunk into particles and loops, and the loops are subsequently shrunk into a direct sum of particles. We obtain the algebraic structure of shrinking coefficients and fusion coefficients. We compute the quantum dimensions of all excitations and find that sphere-like membranes and torus-like membranes differ not only by their shapes but also by their quantum dimensions. We further study the algebraic structure that determines anomaly-free conditions on fusion coefficients and shrinking coefficients. Besides $BBA$, we explore general properties of all twisted terms in $5$D. Together with braiding statistics reported before, the theoretical progress here paves the way toward characterizing and classifying topological orders in higher dimensions where topological excitations consist of both particles and spatially extended objects.
description: Accepted by JHEP (Nov 20, 2023). This paper is part of a series of work with 2104.07067 and 2208.09228
The Meaningful Experiences of Young Indigenous Filmmakers While Learning Filmmaking Techniques and Creating and Sharing Films
Creators: name: Penney, Neil
Publisher: name: Werklund School of Education
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: filmmaking
subject: Dene
subject: Indigenous
subject: Northern Canada
subject: Northwest Territories
subject: junior high
subject: middle school
subject: Education--Curriculum and Instruction

description: Although there has been some research involving Indigenous youth and digital media, there is a gap in the literature involving filmmaking as pedagogy with Indigenous youth. This qualitative research study employed a broad interpretive approach to investigate the meaningful experiences of young Indigenous filmmakers while learning filmmaking techniques and creating a sharing film. Data were generated through semistructured interviews with 6 participants from a multiage class of Grade 6–9 students in their school in a small community in the Northwest Territories of Canada, a reflective journal kept by the researcher, researcher observations of the participants, and informal conversations. This study contributes to practical pedagogical knowledge about filmmaking, and depicts the successful and meaningful experiences of the Indigenous students who participated.
Neutrino magnetic moment and inert doublet dark matter in a Type-III radiative scenario
Creators: name: Singirala, Shivaramakrishna
name: Singha, Dinesh Kumar
name: Mohanta, Rukmani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We narrate dark matter, neutrino magnetic moment and mass in a Type-III radiative scenario. The Standard Model is enriched with three vector-like fermion triplets and two inert doublets to provide a suitable platform for the above phenomenological aspects. The inert scalars contribute to total relic density of dark matter in the Universe. Neutrino aspects are realized at one-loop with magnetic moment obtained through charged scalars, while neutrino mass gets contribution from charged and neutral scalars. Taking inert scalars up to $2$ TeV and triplet fermion in few hundred TeV range, we obtain a common parameter space, compatible with experimental limits associated with both neutrino and dark matter sectors. Using a specific region for transition magnetic moment (${\cal O} (10^{-11}μ_B$)), we explain the excess recoil events, reported by the XENON1T collaboration. Finally, we demonstrate that the model is able to provide neutrino magnetic moments in a wide range from $10^{-12}μ_B$ to $10^{-10}μ_B$, meeting the bounds of various experiments such as Super-K, TEXONO, Borexino and XENONnT.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures, version to appear in PRD
Alternative Albertan Agriculture
Creators: name: Cannon, Nathaneal
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: anthropology
subject: socio-cultural anthropology
subject: visual Anthropology
subject: visual ethnography
subject: alternative agriculture
subject: regenerative agriculture
subject: regenerative farming
subject: alternative farming
subject: ethnography
subject: Alberta
subject: Canada
subject: political ecology
subject: agricultural policy
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Agriculture

description: Humanity is facing multiple crises. We are simultaneously experiencing a climate crisis, ecological degradation, rising inequality, and issues in access and distribution of nutritious food. While there is no panacea for these problems, the way we use ecosystems to produce food, the type of food produced, and how food is distributed are important questions in addressing these crises. Alternative methods of agricultural production, or alternative farming methods (AFM), can be a set of tools that help societies address these intersecting environmental and socio-economic injustices. While a body of literature is growing on alternative farming methods as a tool to promote ecosystem services, reduce the climate emissions of the agricultural sector, and sustain the livelihoods of small and medium sized farms, a gap remains as to the social, economic, and political dimensions of the lived experiences of alternative farmers in Alberta, Canada. To address this deficit, the proposed study asks: how and why do farmers in Alberta choose to pursue alternative agricultural practices vis-à-vis the dominant mode of industrial agricultural production. The “how” subcomponent of the research question centres on themes such as the farmer’s experience accessing land, interfacing with capitalist markets, community supported agriculture (CSA), marketing, “cheap food,” networks, and knowledge. The “why” subcomponent of the research question seeks to explore the farmer’s journey to their chosen farming practice, focusing on such themes as their relationship to the land, environmental stewardship, farmer identities, (competing) meanings of regenerative agriculture, and political identities and aspirations. The thesis explores these topics through three case studies, one urban and two rural farms, spanning central and southern Alberta. Under a political ecology analytical framework, semi-structured interviews, participant observation, and visual ethnographic methods were employed. In addition to this written thesis, a 30-minute film was produced to deepen the reader’s understanding of alternative agriculture in Alberta and expand the audience for this research to include members of the public for whom a written academic thesis would be inaccessible. Overall, this research seeks to bring a greater awareness to alternative farming and help inform public debate on local food systems in Alberta.
A shifting “man-scape”: Exploring the narratives and counter-narratives of masculinity and allyship
Creators: name: Borduas, Chris
Publisher: name: Werklund School of Education
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Masculinities
subject: Gender
subject: Education
subject: Photovoice
subject: Activism
subject: Allyship
subject: Education--Curriculum and Instruction
subject: Gender Studies

description: As discussed in the work of Pringle and Hickey (2010), in a time of “high modernity” (Giddens, 1991), masculine identities can be understood as “peculiarly robust and fragile” (p. 116) in that day-to-day action is constantly changing and (re)formulating the discourses of masculinities. With online feminist and pro-feminist movements including, #MeToo, #TimesUp, and #NotAllMen, an area of concern that continues to arise are how young boys and men are challenging the heteronormative discourse and disrupting/dismantling the boundaries of being a “normal” boy/man. This doctoral dissertation explores the counter-narratives of young adult men to understand how this population of men can shift and (re)imagine the construction of masculinities through being allies in social justice and potential agents of change. Drawing from the theoretical considerations of masculinities and post-structural scholars (Butler, 1990, 1993; Connell, 1995; Foucault, 1978, 1980, 1985, 1991) and the use of photovoice methodology (Wang & Burris, 1994, 1997), this research examines the lived experiences of 8 young adult men (aged 18-25) and how they are building their masculine subjectivities both within and outside of the discourses of normalcy and heteronormativity as agents of change and allies in equality and equity. This doctoral dissertation is written as a manuscript-style thesis, in which four self-contained manuscripts analyze multiple components of this study. The data analysis contributed to two articles focused on the methodological commitments of conducting a photovoice study with young, privileged men, and two articles focused on theoretical contributions towards male ally development and construction of the discourses influencing and permeating gender, masculinity, and allyship.
Social media use for diversified farm businesses in Scotland: good practice guide
Creators: name: Townsend, Leanne
name: Lambe, Sinead
name: Flanigan, Sharon
name: Noble, Christina
name: Creaney, Rachel
name: England, Matthew
name: Pittaway, Tim
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This document provides good practice principles for social media platforms for diversified farm businesses in Scotland. Diversified farm businesses can use social media platforms to reach new markets, sell more products and services, and build professional networks. At present, many diversified farm businesses (as with other types of rural businesses) are not engaging with social media or struggling to engage in an effective way. Other diversified farm businesses are successfully embracing social media platforms for a range of beneficial purposes. Various approaches can be found including sharing visual (both photo- and videobased) and text-based content illustrating the products and services offered. This guide has been developed from research findings from the James Hutton Institute as part of the Scottish Government's Rural and Environmental Science and Analytical Services Division (RESAS) under Topic B3: Improving Agricultural Practice (2022-2027). The views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Scottish Government. The guide has been designed around six good practice principles that are summarised in the table of contents.
Tracking down R Coronae Borealis stars from their mid-infrared WISE colours
Creators: name: Tisserand, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: R Coronae Borealis stars (RCBs) are hydrogen-deficient and carbon-rich supergiant stars. They are very rare, as only $\sim50$ are actually known in our Galaxy. Interestingly, RCBs are strongly suspected to be the evolved merger product of two white dwarfs and could therefore be an important tool to understand Supernovae type Ia in the double degenerate scenario. Constraints on the spatial distribution and the formation rate of such stars are needed to picture their origin and test it in the context of actual population synthesis results. To do so, it is crucial to increase significantly the number of known RCBs. With an absolute magnitude $\mathrm{M_V\sim-5}$ and a bright/hot circumstellar shell made of amorphous carbon grains, RCBs are really distinctive stars. Mono-epoch mid-infrared data can help us to discriminate RCBs among other dust-producing stars. The aim is to produce from the WISE and 2MASS infrared catalogues a new catalogue of reasonable size, enriched with RCB stars. Colour-Colour cuts used on all stars detected are the main selection criteria. The selection efficiency was monitored using the 52 known RCBs. It has been found that selection cuts in mid-infrared colour-colour diagrams are a very efficient method of discriminating RCBs from other stars. An RCB enriched catalogue made of only 1602 stars, with a high detection efficiency of about 77%, was produced. Spectral energy distributions of 49 known RCBs and 5 known HdCs are also presented with estimates of their photosphere and circumstellar shell temperatures. The newly released WISE all sky catalogue has proven to be a valuable resource in finding RCB stars. Actual scenarios predict that between 100 and 500 RCBs exist in our Galaxy. The newly created RCB enriched catalogue is an important step forward to significantly increase the number of known RCB stars and therefore better understand their origin.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures, Accepted in A&A
Bianchi I solutions of effective quadratic gravity
Creators: name: Müller, Daniel
name: de Deus, Juliano A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is believed that soon after the Planck time, Einstein's general relativity theory should be corrected to an effective quadratic theory. Numerical solutions for the anisotropic generalization of the Friedmann "flat" model $E^3$ for this effective gravity are given. It must be emphasized that although numeric, these solutions are exact in the sense that they depend only on the precision of the machine. The solutions are identified asymptotically in a certain sense. It is found solutions which asymptote de Sitter space, Minkowski space and a singularity. This work is a generalization for non diagonal spatial metrics of a previous result obtained by one of us and a collaborator for Bianchi $I$ spaces.
description: Version accepted for publication in the International Journal of Modern Physics D. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1103.5450
Electron slingshot acceleration in relativistic preturbulent shocks explored via emitted photon polarization
Creators: name: Gong, Zheng
name: Shen, Xiaofei
name: Hatsagortsyan, Karen Z.
name: Keitel, Christoph H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transient electron dynamics near the interface of counterstreaming plasmas at the onset of a relativistic collisionless shock (RCS) is investigated using particle-in-cell simulations. We identify a slingshot-like injection process induced by the drifting electric field sustained by the flowing focus of backwards-moving electrons, which is distinct from the well-known stochastic acceleration. The flowing focus signifies the plasma kinetic transition from a preturbulent laminar motion to a chaotic turbulence. We find a characteristic correlation between the electron dynamics in the slingshot acceleration and the photon emission features. In particular, the integrated radiation from the RCS exhibits a counterintuitive non-monotonic dependence of the photon polarization degree on the photon energy, which originates from a polarization degradation of relatively high-energy photons emitted by the slingshot-injected electrons. Our results demonstrate the potential of photon polarization as an essential information source in exploring intricate transient dynamics in RCSs with relevance for earth-based plasma and astrophysical scenarios.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
A Machine Learning Approach to Detect Unexpected Behaviours in Scenario-Based Specifications
Creators: name: Jahan, Munima
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Emergent Behaviour
subject: Implied Scenarios
subject: Scenario based specification
subject: Machine Learning
subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Computer Science

description: Scenario-based specification languages such as Message Sequence Charts (MSCs) and UML sequence Diagrams (SDs) are popular means for eliciting, documenting and validating software requirements. However, each scenario represents a partial story of a system and needs to be combined for a complete system behaviour. Combining scenarios may introduce unexpected and implied scenarios in the system. These unexpected behaviours, commonly known as Emergent Behaviours (EB) and Implied Scenarios (IS), are often not evident during the design phase but could lead to severely unexpected and irreparable damages during run-time. Identifying and fixing these unwanted flaws during the early design phase can significantly reduce deployment costs and runtime hazards. This dissertation proposes two novel approaches to detect unexpected behaviours in the early design model using Machine Learning (ML)-based approach and probabilities. Both approaches provide feedback on where the possible flaws exist, guiding developers toward potential solutions. These methods do not synthesize any automata-based behaviour model and can handle comparatively large scale scenario specifications without state space explosion. While scenario-based specifications are widely accepted in the industry and are well suited to developing initial approximations of intended behavior, natural language such as English, is still considered to be the preferred method of documenting requirement artifacts. To incorporate software requirements written in English within the automated verification process, two independent strategies are discussed. An automatic extraction of Use case Scenarios (UCS) from NL documents followed by generating behaviour models from Use case scenarios in terms of Sequence Diagrams (SD). Additionally, a systematic literature review on the area of handling EB/IS in scenario-based specification is presented to summarize the state-of-the-art of EB/IS detection approaches, as well as to highlight past and current trends, identify open issues, focus on improvement areas and to provide a future roadmap for study in this area.
MOESM6 of Exploring the contributions of two glutamate decarboxylase isozymes in Lactobacillus brevis to acid resistance and Îł-aminobutyric acid production
Creators: name: Lyu, Changjiang
name: Zhao, Weirui
name: Peng, Chunlong
name: Hu, Sheng
name: Fang, Hui
name: Hua, Yujiao
name: Yao, Shanjing
name: Huang, Jun
name: Mei, Lehe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 6. Table S2. Primers used for key GAD system genes amplification.
A Guide for Undergraduate Research at UCalgary
Creators: name: Flanagan, Kyla
name: Braun, Rachel
name: Cantin, Ariane
name: Loy, Kara
name: Summers, Mindi
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2022
Subjects: undergraduate research, mentorship, designing undergraduate research

description: Research guide
description: Undergraduate research activities are meaningful Experiential Learning (EL) opportunities where students “learn by doing” and develop research and transferable skills. High-quality research experiences intentionally evoke students’ curiosity, engage students in the discovery process, ensure opportunities to disseminate findings, and extend learning through critical reflection. With thoughtful design and mentorship, undergraduate research immerses students deeply in a topic while encouraging students to take risks, develop as people and professionals, and build resiliency by overcoming inevitable challenges that arise in research. Research is a meaningful way to engage students as partners in inquiry, inviting them to become creators and contributors of discovery and knowledge. Our intended audience for this guide is instructors designing curricular undergraduate research experiences or research mentors supporting undergraduate research experiences in an apprenticeship model during curricular or non-curricular undergraduate research experiences. We have written this guide with an awareness of the disciplinary differences in research and student diversity while still providing meaningful guidance and direction for the research process. We hope you will use this guide to design research-based courses or develop support for one-on-one mentorship of research experiences. We may use the terms “instructors” and “research mentors” interchangeably throughout or use one title or the other to signal curricular or non-curricular research experiences. Graduate Teaching Assistants supporting undergraduates conducting research will also find value in this guide. Finally, undergraduate students undertaking a research project may also find this guide beneficial in understanding the research process and designing their investigation.
Extinction of Learned Fear Induces Hippocampal Place Cell Remapping
Creators: name: Wang, Melissa E.
name: Yuan, Robin K.
name: Keinath, Alexander T.
name: Ramos Alvarez, Manuel M.
name: Muzzio, Isabel A.
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The extinction of learned fear is a hippocampus-dependent process thought to embody new learning rather than erasure of the original fear memory, although it is unknown how these competing contextual memories are represented in the hippocampus. We previously demonstrated that contextual fear conditioning results in hippocampal place cell remapping and long-term stabilization of novel representations. Here we report that extinction learning also induces place cell remapping in C57BL/6 mice. Specifically, we observed cells that preferentially remapped during different stages of learning. While some cells remapped in both fear conditioning and extinction, others responded predominantly during extinction, which may serve to modify previous representations as well as encode new safe associations. Additionally, we found cells that remapped primarily during fear conditioning, which could facilitate reacquisition of the original fear association. Moreover, we also observed cells that were stable throughout learning, which may serve to encode the static aspects of the environment. The short-term remapping observed during extinction was not found in animals that did not undergo fear conditioning, or when extinction was conducted outside of the conditioning context. Finally, conditioning and extinction produced an increase in spike phase locking to the theta and gamma frequencies. However, the degree of remapping seen during conditioning and extinction only correlated with gamma synchronization. Our results suggest that the extinction learning is a complex process that involves both modification of pre-existing memories and formation of new ones, and these traces coexist within the same hippocampal representation.
Fractional Chern Insulators in Topological Flat bands with Higher Chern Number
Creators: name: Liu, Zhao
name: Bergholtz, Emil J.
name: Fan, Heng
name: Laeuchli, Andreas M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lattice models forming bands with higher Chern number offer an intriguing possibility for new phases of matter with no analogue in continuum Landau levels. Here, we establish the existence of a number of new bulk insulating states at fractional filling in flat bands with Chern number $C=N>1$, forming in a recently proposed pyrochlore model with strong spin-orbit coupling. In particular, we find compelling evidence for a series of stable states at $ν=1/(2N+1)$ for fermions as well as bosonic states at $ν=1/(N+1)$. By examining the topological ground state degeneracies and the excitation structure as well as the entanglement spectrum, we conclude that these states are Abelian. We also explicitly demonstrate that these states are nevertheless qualitatively different from conventional quantum Hall (multilayer) states due to the novel properties of the underlying band structure.
description: 5+4 pages. Final version. Main text as published, some extra data in the supplementary material
Enhanced Spectral Density of a Single Germanium Vacancy Center in a Nanodiamond by Cavity-Integration
Creators: name: Feuchtmayr, Florian
name: Berghaus, Robert
name: Sachero, Selene
name: Bayer, Gregor
name: Lettner, Niklas
name: Waltrich, Richard
name: Maier, Patrick
name: Agafonov, Viatcheslav
name: Kubanek, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81V80

description: Color centers in diamond, among them the negatively-charged germanium vacancy (GeV$^-$), are promising candidates for many applications of quantum optics such as a quantum network. For efficient implementation, the optical transitions need to be coupled to a single optical mode. Here, we demonstrate the transfer of a nanodiamond containing a single ingrown GeV- center with excellent optical properties to an open Fabry-Pérot microcavity by nanomanipulation utilizing an atomic force microscope. Coupling of the GeV- defect to the cavity mode is achieved, while the optical resonator maintains a high finesse of F = 7,700 and a 48-fold spectral density enhancement is observed. This article demonstrates the integration of a GeV- defect with a Fabry-Pérot microcavity under ambient conditions with the potential to extend the experiments to cryogenic temperatures towards an efficient spin-photon platform.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures. The article has been accepted by Applied Physics Letters. It is found at https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0156787. Added acknowledgment: S.S. acknowledges support of the Marie Curie ITN project LasIonDef (GA n.956387)
Revenant Ecology: Anthropic Echoes and Ecogothic Entanglements in Stephen King’s Rose Red and Ridley Pearson’s The Diary of Ellen Rimbauer: My Life at Rose Red
Creators: name: Snider, Elysha Dolores
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecogothic
subject: Ecofeminism
subject: Haunted Houses
subject: Anthropocene
subject: Horror
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The horror genre at large has been increasingly looking to issues of ecology for its materials. Haunted house stories in particular hold distinct value in our analysis of real-life environmental horrors, as their unruliness can be likened to the Earth in the Anthropocene: a familiar homespace that is quickly becoming supernatural with monstrous gigafires and suffocating algae blooms. But given humanity’s distinct geological impact on the current epoch, is it possible we can work alongside our tempestuous homespace? This project explores ecological entanglements and opportunity by investigating Stephen King’s Rose Red transmedia ecosystem with specific emphasis on the Rose Red miniseries (2002) and Ridley Pearson’s companion novel, The Diary of Ellen Rimbauer: My Life at Rose Red (2001). King and Pearson’s story contains familiar gothic characteristics with its living house, but their work notably departs from existing haunted house tales with Rose Red’s explicit need for human energy to pursue uninhibited, chaotic growth. As the mansion introduces a necessary human apparatus into its rickety infrastructure, even desiring intimate friendships with its female inhabitants, this evolving transmedia ecosystem begs to be read through an intersection of ecogothic and ecofeminist lenses by enacting a form of Donna J. Haraway’s sympoiesis; through its oddkin alliances across the organic-inorganic spectrum, this narrative universe emulates its themes of unrestrained growth, technology, and ecological trauma both within its story and with the media utilized to hold that story. As Rose Red compellingly amplifies its transmedial development’s parallels with the Earth in the Anthropocene—ecosystems that rely on human participation (for better or for worse) for their respective “builds”—this narrative world demonstrates that we can (re)theorize haunted ecosystems just as much as media ecosystems through stimulus-response dynamics and (super)natural human/nonhuman assemblages. Rose Red thus encourages us to examine what it means to live, die, and walk undead through the catastrophic Anthropocene while concomitantly providing an opportunity to re-envision our relationship with our planetary haunted house, the Earth.
Unconditionally stable higher order semi-implicit level set method for advection equations
Creators: name: Frolkovič, Peter
name: Gajdošová, Nikola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35L60, 65M06

description: We present compact semi-implicit finite difference schemes on structured grids for numerical solutions of the advection by an external velocity and by a speed in normal direction that are applicable in level set methods. The most involved numerical scheme is third order accurate for the linear advection with a space dependent velocity and unconditionally stable in the sense of von Neumann stability analysis. We also present a simple high-resolution scheme that gives a TVD (Total Variation Diminishing) approximation of the spatial derivative for the advected level set function. In the case of nonlinear advection, the semi-implicit discretization is proposed to linearize the problem. The compact form of implicit stencil in numerical schemes containing unknowns only in the upwind direction allows applications of efficient algebraic solvers like fast sweeping methods. Numerical tests to evolve a smooth and non-smooth interface and an example with a large variation of velocity confirm the good accuracy of the methods and fast convergence of the algebraic solver even in the case of very large Courant numbers.
Newcomer Women: Emerging Adults’ Experiences of Postsecondary Education in Canada
Creators: name: Herzog, Andrea
Publisher: name: Werklund School of Education
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: emerging adulthood
subject: IPA
subject: qualitative research
subject: newcomer
subject: immigrant
subject: refugee
subject: immigration
subject: Educational Psychology

description: The aim of this qualitative study was to gain insight into the experiences of newcomer women as they navigate emerging adulthood, migration, and the transition into undergraduate degree programs at Canadian universities by addressing the research question: What are the lived experiences of emerging adult newcomer women pursuing an undergraduate university degree in Canada? Using an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) research design, semi-structured interviews were conducted with six emerging adult newcomer women, aged 18-21, who were recruited from five postsecondary institutions across Canada. The four overarching themes that were constructed from the data were: (a) sense of belonging; (b) sources of support; (c) transition to adulthood; and (d) impacts of COVID-19. The themes and subthemes within these four overarching themes provided in-depth understanding of newcomer women's experiences with university in Canada and suggested several directions for future research. Keywords: newcomer, refugee, immigrant, postsecondary, career development, qualitative research, emerging adulthood, IPA
Artificial intelligence and spirituality : relating religious information and religious knowledge
Creators: name: Boettcher, Shanen
Publisher: name: The University of St Andrews
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: BL265.I54B7
subject: Information technology--Religious aspects
subject: Artificial intelligence--Religious aspects
subject: Social media--Religious aspects
subject: Technological innovations--Religious aspects

description: To the extent that people consume information and are influenced by the internet and digital communications technologies (and that those technologies are increasingly powered by AI), artificial intelligence has the opportunity to exercise, perhaps significant, influence on their spirituality. Technology has exercised its influence in many parts of modern life; news, politics, education, communication, relationships, etc. As such, the interaction of AI and spirituality is worthy of research, analysis and understanding. This project is an inquiry into the influence of artificial intelligence technology on the way people across multiple religious and non-religious backgrounds in the U.S. Pacific Northwest experience spirituality. To address this inquiry, data was gathered through qualitative field research with participants that included a set of experiences with religious information using a variety of AI-powered technologies. These experiences presented religious and spiritual information from various sources (e.g. insider, outsider) in a variety of media forms (e.g. search engines, SMS and web chatbots, voice assistants). Multiple permutations of information source and media type were tested to explore the possible effects of these variables in relationship to the response from participants. The goal of the research was to advance our understanding of how spiritual/religious information becomes spiritual/religious knowledge and what role AI technology could play in this transition. The results of the research suggest that human tendencies to anthropomorphize and revere machines and to make meaning from experiences and memories all play important roles in the process of relating religious information and religious knowledge. In so doing, the present research extends knowledge in the field of human-machine communication by exploring the role that religious information and religious memories play in human relationships with machines. It suggests that machines can capture human attention and carry some level of authority and influence in the process of relating religious information to religious knowledge.
Test-Time Adaptation for Nighttime Color-Thermal Semantic Segmentation
Creators: name: Liu, Yexin
name: Zhang, Weiming
name: Zhao, Guoyang
name: Zhu, Jinjing
name: Vasilakos, Athanasios
name: Wang, Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The ability to scene understanding in adverse visual conditions, e.g., nighttime, has sparked active research for RGB-Thermal (RGB-T) semantic segmentation. However, it is essentially hampered by two critical problems: 1) the day-night gap of RGB images is larger than that of thermal images, and 2) the class-wise performance of RGB images at night is not consistently higher or lower than that of thermal images. we propose the first test-time adaptation (TTA) framework, dubbed Night-TTA, to address the problems for nighttime RGBT semantic segmentation without access to the source (daytime) data during adaptation. Our method enjoys three key technical parts. Firstly, as one modality (e.g., RGB) suffers from a larger domain gap than that of the other (e.g., thermal), Imaging Heterogeneity Refinement (IHR) employs an interaction branch on the basis of RGB and thermal branches to prevent cross-modal discrepancy and performance degradation. Then, Class Aware Refinement (CAR) is introduced to obtain reliable ensemble logits based on pixel-level distribution aggregation of the three branches. In addition, we also design a specific learning scheme for our TTA framework, which enables the ensemble logits and three student logits to collaboratively learn to improve the quality of predictions during the testing phase of our Night TTA. Extensive experiments show that our method achieves state-of-the-art (SoTA) performance with a 13.07% boost in mIoU.
description: Accepted to IEEE Transactions on Artificial Intelligence
Additional file 1 of Development of a novel immune-related lncRNA prognostic signature for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Creators: name: Li, Rui
name: Jin, Chen
name: Zhao, Weiheng
name: Liang, Rui
name: Xiong, Huihua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Table 1. Clinical characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma in train and validation cohort.
Body Composition Features in Colorectal Cancer: Clinical Outcomes and Biological Factors
Creators: name: Armstrong, Victoria Suzanne
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Colorectal cancer
subject: Cachexia
subject: Muscle wasting
subject: Adipose tissue wasting
subject: Body composition features
subject: Survival outcomes
subject: Education--Sciences
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Biostatistics
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biophysics--Medical
subject: Oncology

description: Background: Cancer is a global health burden and a leading cause of death worldwide. One obstacle to improving patient outcomes is the development of cancer cachexia, which is formally described as the loss of muscle tissue (with or without adipose tissue atrophy). The classical presentation of cachexia is low muscle mass (sarcopenia) which can be assessed by computed tomography (CT) image assessment techniques, but this may not embody all important body composition phenotypes. I hypothesize that cancer can induce multiple clinically significant body composition (BC) features beyond sarcopenia, such as myosteatosis and high subcutaneous fat density (dense sub-q). Methods: In a cohort of patients with stage I – IV colorectal cancer (CRC) (N = 319), BC features were measured using Slice-O-Matic CT image analysis techniques. The influence of BC phenotypes and other clinical parameters on overall survival (OS) outcomes was assessed using univariate Kaplan-Meier and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Findings were then validated on an external dataset of 960 patients with CRC. To explore the physiological basis of these BC features, I performed targeted serum proteomics using Luminex assays and untargeted shotgun tumor proteomics using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results: Overall, the three BC features (sarcopenia, myosteatosis and dense sub-q) appeared independent of one another in 60% of cases. Myosteatosis and dense sub-q were independent predictors of worse OS outcomes (P < 0.001, P = 0.050). Sarcopenia was influential on reducing OS when phenotypic overlap was removed (P = 0.002). Several perturbed protein correlates were found in relation to each BC phenotype, specifically with respect to inflammation and metabolic processes. For example, myosteatosis was independently associated with increased leptin, resistin and adipsin (P < 0.01 for all). Conclusion: Overall, this work demonstrates that colorectal cancer can lead to the development of several BC phenotypes beyond just muscle wasting. Distinct patterns of serum protein abundance suggested that each of the BC features represented biologically distinct manifestations.
Sequels to honglou meng : how gu taiqing continues the story in honglou meng ying
Creators: name: Chow, Natasha Jennifer
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: After Honglou meng (1791) was published, a number of sequels appeared that redefined its major characters, rewrote its ending, and continued the story of life within the two Jia households. One of these was Honglou meng ying (1877), by female poet, Gu Taiqing. Despite its status as the earliest extant novel written by a woman, few studies have been devoted to examining it. Building on research that Ellen Widmer has provided on Gu Taiqing and her work, including Honglou meng ying, I will explore the novel further in terms of its relationship to the parent work and to other sequels written by men, and also examine it on its own terms as a literary work. Some of the main questions that I will address include: how does it compare to other sequels to Honglou meng? How does Gu Taiqing’s continuation of Honglou meng depart from the parent novel? I have organized my discussion by providing an introduction to Gu Taiqing, whilst providing contextual information about women’s education, their relationship to fiction, and the impact of Honglou meng. Chapter One will deal with the broad issue of sequels in the Chinese context, the popularity of writing sequels during the Ming and Qing dynasties, and conclude with some observations about Honglou meng sequels in particular. The second chapter will deal exclusively with Gu Taiqing’s Honglou meng ying, evaluating it in terms of how the author continues the parent work, how she refashions its characters and themes, and how her sequel reflects her own unique concerns (which may not have been part of the original parent work). Finally, I will conclude with some remarks about Honglou meng ying in terms of its relation to sequel writing in late imperial China and its contribution to our understanding of women’s reading and writing in the final years of the Qing dynasty.