cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A plausible mechanism of muscle stabilization in stall conditions
Creators: name: da Rocha, Hudson Borja
name: Truskinovsky, Lev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the well-known limitation of the Huxley and Simmons 1971 (HS) model. It is a statement that at physiological value of stiffness in the actomyosin complex, the distribution of the myosin motors becomes microscopically uniform (all the motors are either in pre- or post-power stroke conformation) after an infinitesimal displacement from the stall (isometric contractions) conditions. Such uniform behavior at the fiber level would generate a negative slope in the $T_2-δ$ relationship (in the nomenclature of the HS paper), not observed experimentally. This negative slope means inhomogeneity of the macroscopic sarcomere configuration, which is also not observed. To address this controversial prediction of the HS theory, we explore the possibility that the slope of the $T_2-δ$ curve is, in fact, positive due to an interaction between neighboring cross-bridges. We show that such interaction can potentially destabilize the uniform configurations (all pre or all post) by making the non-uniform configurations energetically preferable. We argue that, despite the presence of other factors, which can in principle also ensure the microscopic inhomogeneity of cross-bridge configurations, the implied interaction is an important player in muscle mechanics.
Nanomechanical squeezing with detection via a microwave cavity
Creators: name: Woolley, M. J.
name: Doherty, A. C.
name: Milburn, G. J.
name: Schwab, K. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a parametrically-driven nanomechanical resonator capacitively coupled to a microwave cavity. If the nanoresonator can be cooled to near its quantum ground state then quantum squeezing of a quadrature of the nanoresonator motion becomes feasible. We consider the adiabatic limit in which the cavity mode is slaved to the nanoresonator mode. By driving the cavity on its red-detuned sideband, the squeezing can be coupled into the microwave field at the cavity resonance. The red-detuned sideband drive is also compatible with the goal of ground state cooling. Squeezing of the output microwave field may be inferred using a technique similar to that used to infer squeezing of the field produced by a Josephson parametric amplifier, and subsequently, squeezing of the nanoresonator motion may be inferred. We have calculated the output field microwave squeezing spectra and related this to squeezing of the nanoresonator motion, both at zero and finite temperature. Driving the cavity on the blue-detuned sideband, and on both the blue and red sidebands, have also been considered within the same formalism.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, largely rewritten, particularly with regard to clarifying the relationship between microwave field and mechanical squeezing
Accurate and efficient computation of optical absorption spectra of molecular crystals: the case of the polymorphs of ROY
Creators: name: Prentice, Joseph C. A.
name: Mostofi, Arash A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When calculating the optical absorption spectra of molecular crystals from first principles, the influence of the crystalline environment on the excitations is of significant importance. For such systems, however, methods to describe the excitations accurately can be computationally prohibitive due to the relatively large system sizes involved. In this work, we demonstrate a method that allows optical absorption spectra to be computed both efficiently and at high accuracy. Our approach is based on the spectral warping method successfully applied to molecules in solvent. It involves calculating the absorption spectrum of a supercell of the full molecular crystal using semi-local TDDFT, before warping the spectrum using a transformation derived from smaller-scale semi-local and hybrid TDDFT calculations on isolated dimers. We demonstrate the power of this method on three polymorphs of the well known colour polymorphic compound ROY, and find that it outperforms both small-scale hybrid TDDFT dimer calculations and large-scale semi-local TDDFT supercell calculations, when compared to experiment.
description: Updated to include changes in response to peer review process
Photodissociation of aliphatic PAH derivatives under relevant astrophysical conditions
Creators: name: Marciniak, Alexandre
name: Joblin, Christine
name: Mulas, Giacomo
name: Mundlapati, Venkat Rao
name: Bonnamy, Anthony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interaction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photons triggers the emission of the well-known aromatic infrared bands (AIBs) but other mechanisms such as fragmentation can be involved in this interaction. Fragmentation leads to selection effects that favor specific sizes and structures. We investigate the impact of aliphatic bonds on the VUV photo-stability of PAH cations under conditions applicable for photodissociation regions (PDRs). Cations of pyrene (C16H10) and coronene (C24H12) derivatives containing aliphatic bonds (methyl or ethyl sidegroups, superhydrogenation) are submitted to VUV (10.5 eV) photons over long timescales (~1000 s) in the cryogenic PIRENEA setup. The fragmentation cascades are analyzed with a simple kinetics model; fragmentation pathways, rates and branching ratios are derived. Aliphatic PAH derivatives are found to have a higher fragmentation rate and carbon loss compared to regular PAHs. The fragmentation of PAHs with alkylated sidegroups forms species with peripheral pentagonal cycles, which can be more stable than the bare PAH cations. This stability is quantified and the most stable species, for which there is an effective competition of the fragmentation with isomerization and radiative cooling are identified. This work supports a scenario in which the evaporation of nanograins with a mixed aliphatic and aromatic composition followed by VUV photoprocessing results in both the production of the carriers of the 3.4um AIB by methyl sidegroups and in an abundant source of small hydrocarbons at the border of PDRs. An additional side effect is the efficient formation of stable PAHs that contain some peripheral pentagonal rings. Our experiments also support the role of isomerization processes in PAH photofragmentation, including the H-migration process, which could lead to an additional contribution to the 3.4um AIB.
description: Astronomy and Astrophysics, in press
Best Practices in Teaching, Learning & Evaluation
Creators: name: Garg, HK
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 390102
subject: Curriculum and pedagogy theory and development
classificationCode: 390113
subject: Science, technology and engineering curriculum and pedagogy
classificationCode: 390303
subject: Higher education
classificationCode: 390305
subject: Professional education and training

description: For centuries together, there has been a common practice to teach students in masses through lectures, demonstrations, or class-room discussions. It is like, ‘One size fits all’ principle that applies to everyone without assessing individual’s need.
Teachers often find it difficult to have an amalgam of activities that create an interest among advanced learners without mislaying the slower ones. However, most of the teachers take a middle path, disappointing the fast learners and puzzling the slower ones. ,,,, Read more.
Weighted network modules
Creators: name: Farkas, Illes J.
name: Abel, Daniel
name: Palla, Gergely
name: Vicsek, Tamas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inclusion of link weights into the analysis of network properties allows a deeper insight into the (often overlapping) modular structure of real-world webs. We introduce a clustering algorithm (CPMw, Clique Percolation Method with weights) for weighted networks based on the concept of percolating k-cliques with high enough intensity. The algorithm allows overlaps between the modules. First, we give detailed analytical and numerical results about the critical point of weighted k-clique percolation on (weighted) Erdos-Renyi graphs. Then, for a scientist collaboration web and a stock correlation graph we compute three-link weight correlations and with the CPMw the weighted modules. After reshuffling link weights in both networks and computing the same quantities for the randomised control graphs as well, we show that groups of 3 or more strong links prefer to cluster together in both original graphs.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures
Large topological Hall effect in an easy-cone ferromagnet (Cr0.9B0.1)Te
Creators: name: He, Yangkun
name: Kroder, Johannes
name: Gayles, Jacob
name: Fu, Chenguang
name: Pan, Yu
name: Schnelle, Walter
name: Felser, Claudia
name: Fecher, Gerhard H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Berry phase understanding of electronic properties has attracted special interest in condensed matter physics, leading to phenomena such as the anomalous Hall effect and the topological Hall effect. A non-vanishing Berry phase, induced in momentum space by the band structure or in real space by a non-coplanar spin structure, is the origin of both effects. Here, we report a sign conversion of the anomalous Hall effect and a large topological Hall effect in (Cr0.9B0.1)Te single crystals. The spin reorientation from an easy-axis structure at high temperature to an easy-cone structure below 140 K leads to conversion of the Berry curvature, which influences both, anomalous and topological, Hall effects in the presence of an applied magnetic field and current. We compare and summarize the topological Hall effect in four categories with different mechanisms and have a discussion into the possible artificial fake effect of topological Hall effect in polycrystalline samples, which provides a deep understanding of the relation between spin structure and Hall properties.
description: 4 figures, 1 table
A simple model of reactor cores for reactor neutrino flux calculations for the KamLAND experiment
Creators: name: Nakajima, K.
name: Inoue, K.
name: Owada, K.
name: Suekane, F.
name: Suzuki, A.
name: Hirano, G.
name: Kosaka, S.
name: Ohta, T.
name: Tanaka, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: KamLAND is a reactor neutrino oscillation experiment with a very long baseline. This experiment successfully measured oscillation phenomena of reactor antineutrinos coming mainly from 53 reactors in Japan. In order to extract the results, it is necessary to accurately calculate time-dependent antineutrino spectra from all the reactors. A simple model of reactor cores and code implementing it were developed for this purpose. This paper describes the model of the reactor cores used in the KamLAND reactor analysis.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A
Papers from the Seminar in American Indian Linguistics
Creators: name: Heath, Jeffrey
name: Sinclair, Brian
name: Slate, Martin
name: Timberlake, A.H.
name: Wendell, Marlys
name: Teeter, Karl V.
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: zun
subject: tun
subject: ojg
subject: ute
subject: kwk

description: Mimeographed student papers featuring grammatical descriptions of several languages. Volume 3 of 3.
Quantum Detection of Conicity
Creators: name: Cong, Wan
name: Bicak, Jiri
name: Kubiznak, David
name: Mann, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the sensitivity of an Unruh-DeWitt detector to the global features of a deficit angle that are otherwise classically inaccessible. Specifically, we consider a detector placed inside an infinite thin hollow cylinder whose spacetime is everywhere flat but outside of which the spacetime has a deficit angle and study its response to a scalar field to which it couples. We find that the response of the detector is sensitive to the deficit angle, despite the fact that it does not interact with the cylinder.
description: 5+1 pages, 4 figures
Finite-Sample Two-Group Composite Hypothesis Testing via Machine Learning
Creators: name: Zhan, Tianyu
name: Kang, Jian
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: Neuroscience
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: In the problem of composite hypothesis testing, identifying the potential uniformly most powerful (UMP) unbiased test is of great interest. Beyond typical hypothesis settings with exponential family, it is usually challenging to prove the existence and further construct such UMP unbiased tests with finite sample size. For example in the COVID-19 pandemic with limited previous assumptions on the treatment for investigation and the standard of care, adaptive clinical trials are appealing due to ethical considerations, and the ability to accommodate uncertainty while conducting the trial. Although several methods have been proposed to control Type I error rates, how to find a more powerful hypothesis testing strategy is still an open question. Motivated by this problem, we propose an automatic framework of constructing test statistics and corresponding critical values via machine learning methods to enhance power in a finite sample. In this article, we particularly illustrate the performance using Deep Neural Networks (DNN) and discuss its advantages. Simulations and two case studies of adaptive designs demonstrate that our method is automatic, general and prespecified to construct statistics with satisfactory power in finite-sample. Supplemental materials are available online including R code and an R shiny app.
Computing the Paschen curve for argon with speed-limited particle-in-cell simulation
Creators: name: Theis, Joseph G.
name: Werner, Gregory R.
name: Jenkins, Thomas G.
name: Cary, John R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Upon inclusion of collisions, the speed-limited particle-in-cell (SLPIC) simulation method successfully computed the Paschen curve for argon. The simulations modelled an electron cascade across an argon-filled capacitor, including electron-neutral ionization, electron-neutral elastic collisions, electron-neutral excitation, and ion-induced secondary-electron emission. In electrical breakdown, the timescale difference between ion and electron motion makes traditional particle-in-cell (PIC) methods computationally slow. To decrease this timescale difference and speed up computation, we used SLPIC, a time-domain algorithm that limits the speed of the fastest electrons in the simulation. The SLPIC algorithm facilitates a straightforward, fully-kinetic treatment of dynamics, secondary emission, and collisions. SLPIC was as accurate as PIC, but ran up to 200 times faster. SLPIC accurately computed the Paschen curve for argon over three orders of magnitude in pressure.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures
Direct Reconstruction of the Dark Energy Scalar-Field Potential
Creators: name: Li, Chao
name: Holz, Daniel E.
name: Cooray, Asantha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While the accelerated expansion of the Universe is by now well established, an underlying scalar field potential possibly responsible for this acceleration remains unconstrained. We present an attempt to reconstruct this potential using recent SN data, under the assumption that the acceleration is driven by a single scalar field. Current approaches to such reconstructions are based upon simple parametric descriptions of either the luminosity distance or the dark energy equation of state. We find that these various approximations lead to a range of derived evolutionary histories of the dark energy equation of state (although there is considerable overlap between the different potential shapes allowed by the data). Instead of these indirect reconstruction schemes, we discuss a technique to determine the potential directly from the data by expressing it in terms of a binned scalar field. We apply this technique to a recent SN dataset, and compare the results with model-dependent approaches. In a similar fashion to direct estimates of the dark energy equation of state, we advocate direct reconstruction of the scalar field potential as a way to minimize prior assumptions on the shape, and thus minimize the introduction of bias in the derived potential.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, minor changes to figures
Catala: A Programming Language for the Law
Creators: name: Merigoux, Denis
name: Chataing, Nicolas
name: Protzenko, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Law at large underpins modern society, codifying and governing many aspects of citizens' daily lives. Oftentimes, law is subject to interpretation, debate and challenges throughout various courts and jurisdictions. But in some other areas, law leaves little room for interpretation, and essentially aims to rigorously describe a computation, a decision procedure or, simply said, an algorithm. Unfortunately, prose remains a woefully inadequate tool for the job. The lack of formalism leaves room for ambiguities; the structure of legal statutes, with many paragraphs and sub-sections spread across multiple pages, makes it hard to compute the intended outcome of the algorithm underlying a given text; and, as with any other piece of poorly-specified critical software, the use of informal language leaves corner cases unaddressed. We introduce Catala, a new programming language that we specifically designed to allow a straightforward and systematic translation of statutory law into an executable implementation. Catala aims to bring together lawyers and programmers through a shared medium, which together they can understand, edit and evolve, bridging a gap that often results in dramatically incorrect implementations of the law. We have implemented a compiler for Catala, and have proven the correctness of its core compilation steps using the F* proof assistant. We evaluate Catala on several legal texts that are algorithms in disguise, notably section 121 of the US federal income tax and the byzantine French family benefits; in doing so, we uncover a bug in the official implementation. We observe as a consequence of the formalization process that using Catala enables rich interactions between lawyers and programmers, leading to a greater understanding of the original legislative intent, while producing a correct-by-construction executable specification reusable by the greater software ecosystem.
On Higgs mass generation mechanism in the Standard Model
Creators: name: Bednyakov, V. A.
name: Giokaris, N. D.
name: Bednyakov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mass-generation mechanism is the most urgent problem of the modern particle physics. The discovery and study of the Higgs boson with the Large Hadron Collider at CERN are the highest priority steps to solve the problem. In this paper, the Standard Model Higgs mechanism of the elementary particle mass generation is reviewed with pedagogical details. The discussion of the Higgs quadric self-coupling λparameter and the bounds to the Higgs boson mass are presented. In particular, the unitarity, triviality, and stability constraints on the Higgs boson mass are discussed. The generation of the finite value for the λparameter due to quantum corrections via effective potential is illustrated. Some simple predictions for the top quark and the Higgs boson masses are given when both the top Yukawa coupling and the Higgs self-coupling λare equal to 1.
description: 43 pages, 2 figures, talk given at JINR ATLAS physics workshop
Powerful Jets from Radiatively Efficient Disks, a Decades-Old Unresolved Problem in High Energy Astrophysics
Creators: name: Singh, Chandra B.
name: Garofalo, David
name: Lang, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of 3C 273 in 1963, and the emergence of the Kerr solution shortly thereafter, precipitated the current era in astrophysics focused on using black holes to explain active galactic nuclei (AGN). But while partial success was achieved in separately explaining the bright nuclei of some AGN via thin disks, as well as powerful jets with thick disks, the combination of both powerful jets in an AGN with a bright nucleus, such as in 3C 273, remained elusive. Although numerical simulations have taken center stage in the last 25 years, they have struggled to produce the conditions that explain them. This is because radiatively efficient disks have proved a challenge to simulate. Radio quasars have thus been the least understood objects in high energy astrophysics. But recent simulations have begun to change this. We explore this milestone in light of scale-invariance and show that transitory jets, possibly related to the jets seen in these recent simulations, as some have proposed, cannot explain radio quasars. We then provide a road map for a resolution.
description: 9 pages
A structural analysis of George Enescu’s Piano sonata in D major, op. 24, no. 3
Creators: name: Kvarnstrom, Jonas Erik
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: George Enescu (1881-1955) is known primarily today in conjunction with the world of violin playing. Celebrated as a violin virtuoso throughout the capitals of Europe and North America in the first half of this century, and later admired as a teacher of luminary talents such as Yehudi Menuhin, Arthur Grumiaux, and Ida Haendel, Enescu exerted a considerable influence on the developments of the international music scene. This was nowhere more apparent than in Paris and Bucharest, cities in which Enescu spent most of his life active as performer, conductor, and composer. As his career progressed, Enescu dedicated an increasing amount of time and energy to composition, producing an impressive list of works, many of which were of monumental proportions. Contemporary with Bartok and Kodály, Enescu found himself caught in the current of nationalism that asserted itself in Europe during the first decades of the twentieth century. Seeking a personal, expressive idiom in which he could fuse the musical elements of both Western tradition and his native Rumanian folk heritage, Enescu experimented with diverse compositional trends and styles. Expanding the reaches of tonality with heightened chromaticism, in which microtonal as well as modal inflections were both to play significant roles, Enescu’s idiom evolved into a highly plastic language, comprising a great variety of stylistic characteristics. In order to assimilate the heterogeneous elements into one unified expression, Enescu relied on traditional compositional techniques such as sonata form, cyclic thematic structure, and motivic development. The focus of this paper is to examine to what extent these compositional techniques are incorporated into his work and to direct attention to those elements, i.e., both structural and non-structural, that were most distinctive of Enescu’s musical style. Owing to its concentration of key stylistic elements and its stature as perhaps the most accomplished piano composition in Enescu’s output, the Sonata for Piano in D Major, Op. 24, No. 3 (1934) will serve as model for this analytical study. Chapter One provides by way of an introduction a brief overview of the formative years in Enescu’s life and defines the position of the Sonata within the complete ceuvre. Chapters Two, Three, and Four constitute the main body of the paper and contain analyses of each of the Sonata’s three movements. In these chapters discussion revolves around the more significant structural features of the work such as the overall cyclic design, simultaneously examining the methods Enescu employs to integrate folk inflection throughout the Sonata. Chapter Five comprises the summary. The most significant features of the Sonata are recapitulated and parallels to numerous other works are drawn, in an attempt to present the Sonata as a culmination of Enescu’s compositional style.
Surface states and related quantum interference in \textit{ab initio} electron transport
Creators: name: Li, Dongzhe
name: Bertelsen, Jonas L.
name: Papior, Nick
name: Smogunov, Alexander
name: Brandbyge, Mads
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Shockley surface states (SS) have attracted much attention due to their role in various physical phenomena occurring at surfaces. It is also clear from experiments that they can play an important role in electron transport. However, accurate incorporation of surface states in $\textit{ab initio}$ quantum transport simulations remains still an unresolved problem. Here we go beyond the state-of-the-art non-equilibrium Green's function formalism through the evaluation of the self-energy in real-space, enabling electron transport without using artificial periodic in-plane conditions. We demonstrate the method on three representative examples based on Au(111): a clean surface, a metallic nanocontact, and a single-molecule junction. We show that SS can contribute more than 30\% of the electron transport near the Fermi energy. A significant and robust transmission drop is observed at the SS band edge due to quantum interference in both metallic and molecular junctions, in good agreement with experimental measurements. The origin of this interference phenomenon is attributed to the coupling between bulk and SS transport channels and it is reproduced and understood by tight-binding model. Furthermore, our method predicts much better quantized conductance for metallic nanocontacts.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Εθνικές Ταυτότητες και Ευρωπαϊκή Ενοποίηση στην Εποχή της Οικονομικής Κρίσης. Μελέτη της Επανόδου του Εθνικού στην Πολυεπίπεδη Διακυβέρνηση
Creators: name: Νικολαΐδης, Πρόδρομος Κωνσταντίνου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2019
Subjects: Πολευπίπεδη Διακυβέρνηση
Εθνικές Ταυτότητες
Ευρωπαϊκή Ολοκλήρωση
Multilevel Governance
National Identities
European Integration

description: Η παρούσα διπλωματική διατριβή έχει ως στόχο την μελέτη της ανάπτυξης και της υιοθέτησης των εθνικών ταυτοτήτων στην εποχή της οικονομικής κρίσης. Εξετάζει τους λόγους για τους οποίους έχει επιστρέψει στη δημόσια ατζέντα και ρητορική η έννοια του εθνικού και κατά πόσο η πολυεπίπεδη διακυβέρνηση μπορεί να δώσει απαντήσεις σε όλα τα ερωτήματα που δημιουργούνται. Στο πρώτο κομμάτι περιέχονται οι ορισμοί σχετικά με τα φαινόμενα που μελετώνται στην εργασία, με εμβάθυνση στα θέματα των ταυτοτήτων, των όψεων της ολοκλήρωσης και ζητήματα που σχετίζονται με το θεωρητικό υπόβαθρο του ευρωσκεπτικισμού ενώ στο δεύτερο κομμάτι παρουσιάζονται τα στοιχεία σχετικά με τη διείσδυση αυτών των φαινομένων στη δημόσια ατζέντα. Τα συμπεράσματα παρουσιάζονται στο τελευταίο κομμάτι της εργασίας
description: This diploma thesis aims to study the development and adoption of national identities in the era of the economic crisis. It examines the reasons why the concept of nationalism has returned to the public agenda and rhetoric, and whether multilevel governance can answer all the questions that arise. The first part contains the definitions of the phenomena studied at this dissertation, with an emphasis on the issues of identities, aspects of European integration and issues related to the theoretical background of Euroscepticism, while the second part presents the data on the penetration of these phenomena on the public agenda. The conclusions are presented in the last part of the paper
Very metal poor Classical Cepheids: variables in IZw18
Creators: name: Fiorentino, G.
name: Marconi, M.
name: Clementini, G.
name: Musella, I.
name: Aloisi, A.
name: Annibali, F.
name: Contreras, R. A.
name: Tosi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of an ongoing ACS@HST project (HST program #10586, PI: Aloisi) we have obtained deep multi-color imaging of the very metal-poor Blue Compact Dwarf galaxy IZw18. The data were acquired in time-series fashion to allow the identification of Classical Cepheids (CCs). The main aim of this project is to constrain both the distance and the Star Formation History of the galaxy. However, as a byproduct these data also provide new insights into the properties of CCs at very low metallicities. We have identified 24 candidate CCs in IZw18. New theoretical pulsation models of CCs specifically for the low metallicity of this primordial galaxy (Z=0.0004, Y=0.24) have been computed to interpret our results.
description: 2 pages, 2 figures, Proceedings of the IAU Symp. 241 "Stellar Populations as Building Blocks of Galaxies", held in La Palma in December 2006, eds. R. F. Peletier & A. Vazdekis
Personality and attachment style detection in online social networks
Creators: name: Καρανάτσιου, Δήμητρα Δημητρίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2019
Subjects: εντοπισμός προσωπικότητας
κοινωνικά δίκτυα
μηχανική μάθηση
personality detection
social networks
machine learning

description: Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία εισάγει ένα πλαίσιο που παρέχει ένα ψυχολογικό προφίλ προσωπικότητας και των προσανατολισμών προσκόλλησης των χρηστών των κοινωνικών δικτύων, ειδικά των χρηστών του Twitter, χρησιμοποιώντας μια σειρά από γλωσσικά, συναισθηματικά και συμπεριφοριστικά χαρακτηριστικά που προέκυψαν από την ψυχολογική θεωρία. Η συνολική μεθοδολογία βασίζεται στην ιδέα ότι οι χρήστες των κοινωνικών μέσων είναι πραγματικοί άνθρωποι που μεταφέρουν σε εικονικά περιβάλλοντα τον πραγματικό εαυτό τους και όλα τα θεμελιώδη χαρακτηριστικά που διακρίνουν τα άτομα και διαμορφώνουν τις αποφάσεις τους στο διαδίκτυο, όπως τα χαρακτηριστικά της προσωπικότητας και ο μηχανισμός διαμόρφωσης σχέσεων. Προς αυτή την κατεύθυνση χρησιμοποιήθηκαν τεχνολογίες επεξεργασίας φυσικής γλώσσας, εφαρμογή λεξικών συναισθημάτων και προγνωστικές αναλύσεις. Τα αποτελέσματα δείχνουν ότι τα χαρακτηριστικά της προσωπικότητας και οι προσανατολισμοί προσκόλλησης συνδέονται με τον τρόπο που οι άνθρωποι χρησιμοποιούν το Twitter και εκφράζουν τον εαυτό τους στην πλατφόρμα. Τέλος, τα ευρήματά μας δείχνουν ότι η χρήση του συνδυασμού όλων των χαρακτηριστικών, της γλώσσας, της συναισθηματικής συμπεριφοράς και της συνολικής συμπεριφοράς είναι η καλύτερη στρατηγική για να δημιουργηθεί ένα προγνωστικό μοντέλο για κάθε προσωπικότητα, ενώ μια ολοκληρωμένη λύση για όλα τα γνωρίσματα ως μία οντότητα που χρησιμοποιεί περισσότερα γενικά χαρακτηριστικά παρέχουν επίσης ακριβή αποτελέσματα
description: This thesis introduces a framework which provides a psychological profile in terms of personality and attachment orientations of social network users, specifically Twitter users, using a set of language, emotional and behavioral features emerged from psychological theory. The overall methodology is based on the idea that social media users are real-life people carrying in virtual environments their real self and all the fundamental characteristics that distinct individuals and shape their decisions online, such as personality traits and the mechanism for relationship formation. In this direction, Natural Language Processing technologies, emotion lexicons implementation and predictive analytics were utilized. The results indicate that personality traits and attachment orientations are linked with the way people use Twitter and express themselves in the platform. Finally, our findings show that using the combination of all features, language, emotional and behavioral is the best strategy in order to create a predictive model for every single personality trait, while an integrated solution for all traits as one entity using more general features could also provide accurate results
Evidence for gas-phase metal deficiency in massive protocluster galaxies at z~2.2
Creators: name: Sattari, Zahra
name: Mobasher, Bahram
name: Chartab, Nima
name: Darvish, Behnam
name: Shivaei, Irene
name: Scoville, Nick
name: Sobral, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the mass-metallicity relation for 19 members of a spectroscopically-confirmed protocluster in the COSMOS field at $z=2.2$ (CC2.2), and compare it with that of 24 similarly selected field galaxies at the same redshift. Both samples are $\rm Hα$ emitting sources, chosen from the HiZELS narrow-band survey, with metallicities derived from $\rm N2\ (\frac{\rm [NII] λ6584}{\rm H α})$ line ratio. For the mass-matched samples of protocluster and field galaxies, we find that protocluster galaxies with $10^{9.9} \rm M_\odot \leq M_* \leq 10^{10.9} \rm M_\odot$ are metal deficient by $0.10 \pm 0.04$ dex ($2.5σ$ significance) compared to their coeval field galaxies. This metal deficiency is absent for low mass galaxies, $\rm M_* < 10^{9.9} \rm M_\odot$. Moreover, relying on both SED-derived and $\rm {Hα}$ (corrected for dust extinction based on $\rm {M_*}$) SFRs, we find no strong environmental dependence of SFR-$\rm {M_*}$ relation, however, we are not able to rule out the existence of small dependence due to inherent uncertainties in both SFR estimators. The existence of $2.5σ$ significant metal deficiency for massive protocluster galaxies favors a model in which funneling of the primordial cold gas through filaments dilutes the metal content of protoclusters at high redshifts ($z \gtrsim 2$). At these redshifts, gas reservoirs in filaments are dense enough to cool down rapidly and fall into the potential well of the protocluster to lower the gas-phase metallicity of galaxies. Moreover, part of this metal deficiency could be originated from galaxy interactions which are more prevalent in dense environments.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
Papers from the Seminar in American Indian Linguistics
Creators: name: Goddard, Ives
name: Lakoff, Robin T.
name: Silverstein, Michael
name: Teeter, Karl V.
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Siouan language
subject: Arapaho language
subject: sis
subject: Penutian language
subject: csz

description: Mimeographed student papers featuring grammatical descriptions of several languages. Volume 2 of 3.
Linearly ordered sets with only one operator have the amalgamation property
Creators: name: Lipparini, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03C52, 06F99, 06A05, 03C64

description: The class of linearly ordered sets with one order preserving unary operation has the Strong Amalgamation Property (SAP). The class of linearly ordered sets with one strict order preserving unary operation has AP but not SAP. The class of linearly ordered sets with two order preserving unary operations has not AP. For every set $F$, the class of linearly ordered sets with an $F$-indexed family of automorphisms has SAP. Corresponding results are proved in the case of order reversing operations. Various subclasses of the above classes are considered and some model-theoretical consequences are presented.
description: v2 minor fixes
Papers from the Seminar in American Indian Linguistics
Creators: name: Fidelholtz, James
name: Francis, John M.
name: Kuno, Susumu
name: Silverstein, Michael
name: Teeter, Karl V.
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: yok
subject: tkm
subject: tqw
subject: sac
subject: mez

description: Mimeographed student papers featuring grammatical descriptions of several languages. Volume 1 of 3.
Energy spectrum of the low-lying gluon excitations in the Coulomb gauge
Creators: name: Szczepaniak, Adam P.
name: Krupinski, Pawel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the energy spectrum of low-lying gluonic excitations in the presence of static quark-antiquark sources using Coulomb gauge and the quasi-particle representation. Within the valence sector of the Fock space we reproduce both, the overall normalization and the ordering of the spin-parity multiplets. We discus how the interactions induced by the non-abelian Coulomb kernel are central in to fine structure of the spectrum.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
ประสิทธิภาพสารสกัดกากหมากเม่า (Antidesma spp.) ในการยับยั้งแบคทีเรียก่อโรคในสัตว์ปีก
Creators: name: สุขุมาภรณ์ ศรีเผด็จ
Publisher: name: กองบริหารการวิจัย
Year: 2564
Subjects: แบคทีเรียก่อโรค
สารสกัดหมากเม่า
สัตว์ปีก

description: วารสารวิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี, 29, 5, 828-837
D12.5 Market Prioritisation Report
Creators: name: Parry, Huw
Publisher: name: SteamBioAfrica
Year: 2024
Subjects: Market Prioritization

description: This SteamBioAfrica project seeks to transform unwanted woody biomass into a clean, secure, and affordable solid biofuel using Superheated Steam Torrefaction. The biomass feedstock is encroacher bush and invasives from Botswana, Namibia, and South Africa. The project aims to verify the techno-economic feasibility of this approach at a demonstration scale. Following verification, it can then be scaled up and replicated commercially post- project. This report assesses the market opportunities, identifying those with potential for the quickest and greatest impact.As commercial partners we have identified that our long-term ambition is to sell the enabling Superheated Steam Torrefaction technology. The technology will be supplied to plant owners and operators who will in turn supply to either the domestic or industrial energy user markets. However, we intend that the first commercial deployment will be owned by members of the consortium. This will enable us to have full control of the first commercial scale plant to enable process optimisation and provide potential investors the opportunity to visit.There is an abundant feedstock supply of unwanted woody biomass, as both encroacher bush and alien invasives, across Southern Africa. There is also a big demand for a clean, secure, and affordable energy supply across the region. We have reviewed both the availability of feedstock resource and the potential customer base.The “lowest hanging fruit” and our first market priority is to enable the supply of solid biofuel to the industrial market to replace coal. The most mature and readily accessible industrial market opportunities are in Namibia and South Africa (Western and Eastern Cape regions). The market readiness in Botswana is lower due to their undeveloped regulatory framework of the biomass resource and its potential for exploitation.Whilst the South African markets are significantly larger than those in Namibia, the Namibian market is still sufficient for initial market entry. The technology demonstration has taken place in Namibia and, key commercial leadership decision makers with their associated funding networks are based in Namibia. We will have greater direct control of market roll out if we prioritise on an initial commercial plant in Namibia before progressing with secondary plants. Our initial market deployment will be a production plant located in Namibia. The optimal plant location to be proximate to both material supply and a significant end user. There will need to be a commercial off-take agreement in place to provide revenue security and bankability. Subject to the success of this plant and the development of operational knowledge, secondary plants can then rolled-out in the most economically favourable locations, most likely in Namibia and South Africa.
A simple SO(10) GUT in five dimensions
Creators: name: Fukuyama, Takeshi
name: Okada, Nobuchika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple supersymmetric SO(10) GUT in five dimensions is considered. The fifth dimension is compactified on the $S^1/(Z_2\times Z_2^\prime)$ orbifold possessing two inequivalent fixed points. In our setup, all matter and Higgs multiplets reside on one brane (PS brane) where the original SO(10) gauge group is broken down to the Pati-Salam (PS) gauge group, SU(4)$_c \timesSU(2)_L \times$ SU(2)$_R$, by the orbifold boundary condition, while only the SO(10) gauge multiplet resides in the bulk. The further breaking of the PS symmetry to the Standard Model gauge group is realized by Higgs multiplets on the PS brane as usual in four dimensional models. Proton decay is fully suppressed. In our simple setup, the gauge coupling unification is realized after incorporating threshold corrections of Kaluza-Klein modes. When supersymmetry is assumed to be broken on the other brane, supersymmetry breaking is transmitted to the PS brane through the gaugino mediation with the bulk gauge multiplet.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure, some errors have been corrected (no change in conclusions)
Accelerating Hilbert-Einstein universe without dynamic dark energy
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Diaz, Pedro F.
name: Rozas-Fernandez, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using an unmodified Einstein gravity theory it is shown that all of the speeding-up effects taking place in the current universe are entirely due to the quantum effects associated with the background radiation or to the combination of such effects with those derived from the presence of a cosmological constant, without invoking any dynamic dark energy component. We obtain that in both cases the universe accelerates at a rate slightly beyond what is predicted by a cosmological constant but does not induce any big rip singularity in the finite future.
description: 7 pages, LaTex, to appear in Phys. Lett. B
Collective organisation and screening in two-dimensional turbulence
Creators: name: Jiménez, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following recent evidence that the vortices in decaying two-dimensional turbulence can be classified into small--mobile, and large--quasi-stationary, this paper examines the evidence that the latter might be considered a `crystal' whose formation embodies the inverse cascade of energy towards larger scales. Several diagnostics of order are applied to the ostensibly disordered large vortices. It is shown that their geometric arrangement is substantially more regular than random, that they move more slowly than could be expected from simple mean-field arguments, and that their energy is significantly lower than in a random reorganisation of the same vortices. This is traced to screening of long-range interactions by the preferential association of vortices of opposite sign, and it is argued that this is due to the mutual capture of corrotating vortices, in a mechanism closer to tidal disruption than to electrostatic screening. Finally, the possible relation of these `stochastic crystals' to fixed points of the dynamical system representation of the turbulent flow is briefly examined.
ผลของการจัดการการให้น้ําต่อการเจริญเติบโตและคุณภาพของเมล่อนที่ปลูกในโรงเรือน
Creators: name: ธัญสินี สมงามทรัพย์
Publisher: name: กองบริหารการวิจัย
Year: 2564
Subjects: ระยะการเจริญเติบโต
ระยะติดผล
ความต้องการน้ํา
ความจุความชื้นสนาม

description: วารสารวิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี, 29, 5, 838-849
Εκμάθηση λεξιλογίου στο πλαίσιο της ελληνικής ως ξένης γλώσσας μέσω ασύγχρονης εκπαίδευσης στο Moodle
Creators: name: Σπύρου, Παρασκευή Θεοφάνη
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2019
Subjects: εκμάθηση λεξιλογίου
ελληνικά
Moodle
vocabulary learning
greek

description: Καθώς η τεχνολογία έχει εισχωρήσει στην εκπαίδευση με σκοπό να προσφέρει μια καινούρια προσέγγιση στη μέχρι τώρα παραδοσιακή μάθηση και να διευρύνει τον νου και τη γνώση, αυτή η μεταπτυχιακή εργασία έχει ως αντικείμενο πραγμάτευσης την ηλεκτρονική διδασκαλία μέσω ασύγχρονης εκπαίδευσης στην πλατφόρμα του Moodle, που έχει διδακτικό σκοπό, αφού αφορά τη γλωσσική ευχέρεια στο κομμάτι του λεξιλογίου της γλώσσας. Συγκεκριμένα, η εργασία επικεντρώνεται στην εκμάθηση λεξιλογίου της Ελληνικής ως δεύτερης/ξένης γλώσσας σε ένα υποθετικό κοινό ενήλικων αλλοδαπών μαθητών/τριών με επίπεδο γλωσσομάθειας Β1. Στην εργασία γίνεται αναφορά στην τεχνολογία και στην τηλεσυνεργασία στο πλαίσιο της διαδικτυακής μάθησης με τη χρήση ψηφιακών μέσων, στις στρατηγικές/τεχνικές που αφορούν την εκμάθηση και διδασκαλία της γλώσσας και, τέλος, στον σχεδιασμό ασκήσεων από τον/την εκπαιδευτικό στην πλατφόρμα του Moodle με σκοπό την ανάπτυξη τόσο ψηφιακών όσο και γλωσσικών δεξιοτήτων και ταυτόχρονα την ενεργητική κατάκτηση της γνώσης από τους/τις μαθητευόμενους/ες. Τα προσδοκώμενα αποτελέσματα αυτής της διπλωματικής εργασίας, που παρουσιάζει ένα θεωρητικό/υποθετικό σενάριο, προτείνονται για μελλοντική εφαρμογή σε πραγματικές συνθήκες με πραγματικούς/ές μαθητές/τριες
description: Since technology has invaded into education aiming to change the traditional way of learning and broaden both mind and knowledge, in this dissertation there is a reference about e-teaching through asynchronous Moodle training with educational goal since it concerns the linguistic fluency focusing on the vocabulary of a language. To be more specific, the dissertation centers on the vocabulary learning of Greek as a foreign language addressed to supposed students living abroad having a basic language competence, meaning up to B1 level. Within the thesis, there is a report about technology and telecollaboration in the framework of electronic learning via the usage of digital modes, about strategies concerning how to teach and learn a language and finally there is a reference about the design of activities made by the teacher, so that digital and linguistic skills are achieved. At the same time, it is crucial that students internalize knowledge in an active way. The expected results of this thesis that is in a theoretical phase are proposed for prospective application in real conditions as well as a real audience of students