cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Stellar binaries and exotic stellar populations in globular clusters
Creators: name: Khurana, Ambreesh
name: Chatterjee, Sourav
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: A significant fraction of stars could have formed in binaries and higher order multiples. The binaries present inside globular clusters (GCs), being heavier in general than the average cluster member, sink in the potential towards the cluster center and actively take part in dynamical interactions. Consequently, binaries are expected to play a key role in GCs’ structural evolution as well as their efficacy for producing exotic stellar sources. We explore this role of binaries by numerically simulating GC models with varying initial binary properties using a highly realistic Monte Carlo cluster evolution code, CMC. The distinct binary populations are characterized by the overall binary fraction, binary fraction of high-mass stars, and the mass ratios between binary members. We find that clusters with a higher number of binaries produce a larger population of known dynamical tracers including blue stragglers, cataclysmic variables, X-ray binaries, and black hole (BH) binaries. Interestingly, the number of single and binary black holes retained in GCs show contrasting relations with the overall binary fraction and the binary fraction among high-mass stars. We also explore the role of massive star binarity in creating mass-gap and intermediate-mass BHs through stellar collisions in GCs. Furthermore, we investigate how the initial binary fraction in GCs can be constrained by present-day observations by studying its evolution in our models. I will present our latest results.
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system-based antihypertensive agents and the risk of colorectal cancer among medicare beneficiaries
Creators: name: Htoo, P.T.
name: Stürmer, T.
name: Lund, J.L.
name: Jonsson-Funk, M.
name: Simpson, R.J.
name: Pate, V.
Publisher: name: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
Year: 2019

description: Background: Biologic evidence suggests that angiotensin II may play a role in tumor progression or growth. We compared the short-term colorectal cancer (CRC) risk among initiators of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) versus guideline-recommended clinical alternatives (beta blockers, calcium channel blockers [CCB], and thiazides). Methods: We conducted a new-user cohort study on U.S. Medicare beneficiaries aged over 65 years, who initiated antihypertensive monotherapy during 2007-2013 and were free of cancer diagnosis before drug initiation. Follow-up began 6 months postinitiation to allow time for the diagnostic delay. We estimated hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) using propensity score weighted Cox regression, overall and stratified by time since drug initiation, and 5-year cumulative risk differences (RD) using Kaplan-Meier estimator. We assessed the potential for unmeasured confounding using supplemental data from Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey. Results: For analyses without censoring for treatment changes, we observed 532 CRC events among 111,533 ACEI/ARB initiators. After a median follow-up of 2.2 years (interquartile range: 1.0-3.7), CRC risk was similar between ACEI/ARB and active comparators, with adjusted HRs of 1.0 (95% CI = 0.85, 1.1) for ACEI/ARB versus beta blockers, 1.2 (95% CI = 0.97, 1.4) for ACEI/ARB versus CCB and 1.0 (95% CI = 0.80, 1.3) for ACEI/ARB versus thiazide. Five-year RDs and as-treated analyses, which censored follow-up at medication changes, produced similar findings. Conclusions: Based on real-world antihypertensive utilization patterns in Medicare beneficiaries, our study suggests no association between ACEI/ARB initiation and the short-term CRC risk.
Experimentally constrained $^{165,166}\text{Ho}(n,γ)$ rates and implications for the $s$ process
Creators: name: Pogliano, Francesco
name: Larsen, Ann-Cecilie
name: Goriely, Stephane
name: Siess, Lionel
name: Markova, Maria
name: Görgen, Andreas
name: Heines, Johannes
name: Ingeberg, Vetle Werner
name: Kjus, Robin Grongstad
name: Larsson, Johan Emil Linnestad
name: Li, Kevin Ching Wei
name: Martinsen, Elise Malmer
name: Owens-Fryar, Gerard Jordan
name: Pedersen, Line Gaard
name: Torvund, Gulla Serville
name: Tsantiri, Artemis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $γ$-ray strength function and the nuclear level density of $^{167}$Ho have been extracted using the Oslo method from a $^{164}\text{Dy}(α,pγ)^{167}$Ho experiment carried out at the Oslo Cyclotron Laboratory. The level density displays a shape that is compatible with %can be approximated with the constant temperature model in the quasicontinuum, while the strength function shows structures indicating the presence of both a scissors and a pygmy dipole resonance. Using our present results as well as data from a previous $^{163}\text{Dy}(α,pγ)^{166}$Ho experiment, the $^{165}\text{Ho}(n,γ)$ and $^{166}\text{Ho}(n,γ)$ MACS uncertainties have been constrained. The possible influence of the low-lying, long-lived 6~keV isomer $^{166}$Ho in the $s$ process is investigated in the context of a 2~$M_\odot$, [Fe/H]=-0.5 AGB star. We show that the newly obtained $^{165}\text{Ho}(n,γ)$ MACS affects the final $^{165}$Ho abundance, while the $^{166}\text{Ho}(n,γ)$ MACS only impacts the enrichment of $^{166,167}$Er to a limited degree due to the relatively rapid $β$ decay of the thermalized $^{166}$Ho at typical $s$-process temperatures.
description: 11 pages, submitted to Physical Reviews C
Higher-order rational solitons and rogue-like wave solutions of the (2+1)-dimensional nonlinear fluid mechanics equations
Creators: name: Wen, Xiao-Yong
name: Yan, Zhenya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The novel generalized perturbation (n, M)-fold Darboux transformations (DTs) are reported for the (2+1)-dimensional Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) equation and its extension by using the Taylor expansion of the Darboux matrix. The generalized perturbation (1, N-1)-fold DTs are used to find their higher-order rational solitons and rogue wave solutions in terms of determinants. The dynamics behaviors of these rogue waves are discussed in detail for different parameters and time, which display the interesting RW and soliton structures including the triangle, pentagon, heptagon profiles, etc. Moreover, we find that a new phenomenon that the parameter (a) can control the wave structures of the KP equation from the higher-order rogue waves (a>0 or a<0) into higher-order rational solitons (a = 0) in (x, t)-space with y=const. These results may predict the corresponding dynamical phenomena in the models of fluid mechanics and other physically relevant systems.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures
Stability of the Einstein static Universe in $f(R,T)$ gravity
Creators: name: Shabani, Hamid
name: Ziaie, Amir Hadi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Einstein static (ES) universe has played a major role in various emergent scenarios recently proposed in order to cure the problem of initial singularity of the standard model of cosmology. In the herein model, we study the existence and stability of ES universe in the context of $f(R,T)$ modified theories of gravity. Considering specific forms of $f(R,T)$ function, we seek for the existence of solutions representing ES state. Using dynamical system techniques along with numerical analysis, we find two classes of solutions: the first one is always unstable of the saddle type while the second is always stable so that its dynamical behavior corresponds to a center equilibrium point. The importance of the second class of solutions is due to the significant duty they have in constructing non-singular emergent models in which the universe could have experienced past-eternally, a series of infinite oscillations about such an initial static state after which, it enters through a suitable physical mechanism, to an inflationary era. Considering specific forms for the functionality of $f(R,T)$, we show that this theory is capable of providing cosmological solutions which admit emergent universe (EU) scenarios. We also investigate homogeneous scalar perturbations for the mentioned models. The stability regions of the solutions are parametrized by a linear equation of state (EoS) parameter and other free parameters that will be introduced for the models. Our results suggest that modifications in $f(R,T)$ gravity would lead to stable solutions which are unstable in $f(R)$ gravity model.
description: 27 pages, 6 figures, major revision
Resonant generation of high-order harmonics in nonlinear electrodynamics
Creators: name: Kopchinskii, Ilia
name: Satunin, Petr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the process of resonant generation of high-order harmonics in a closed cavity in the model of vacuum nonlinear electrodynamics. Concretely, we study the possibility of resonant generation of the third harmonic induced by a single electromagnetic mode in a radiofrequency cavity, as well as resonant generation of a combined frequency mode induced by two pump modes ($ω_1$ and $ω_2$). We explicitly show that the third harmonic as well as the $2ω_1+ω_2$ combined frequency mode are not resonantly amplified, while the $2ω_1-ω_2$ signal mode is amplified for certain cavity geometry. We discuss the process from the point of view of quantum theory.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure, 4 tables. Contribution to proceedings of International Conference on Quantum Field Theory, High-Energy Physics, and Cosmology (July 18-21, 2022; JINR, Dubna, Russia), to be published in Phys. Part. Nucl. Lett
Design and construction of an optical test bed for LISA imaging systems and tilt-to-length coupling
Creators: name: Chwalla, Michael
name: Danzmann, Karsten
name: Barranco, Germán Fernández
name: Fitzsimons, Ewan
name: Gerberding, Oliver
name: Heinzel, Gerhard
name: Killow, Christian J
name: Lieser, Maike
name: Perreur-Lloyd, Michael
name: Robertson, David I
name: Schuster, Sönke
name: Schwarze, Thomas S
name: Tröbs, Michael
name: Ward, Henry
name: Zwetz, Max
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) is a future space-based interferometric gravitational-wave detector consisting of three spacecraft in a triangular configuration. The interferometric measurements of path length changes between satellites will be performed on optical benches in the satellites. Angular misalignments of the interfering beams couple into the length measurement and represent a significant noise source. Imaging systems will be used to reduce this tilt-to-length coupling. We designed and constructed an optical test bed to experimentally investigate tilt-to-length coupling. It consists of two separate structures, a minimal optical bench and a telescope simulator. The minimal optical bench comprises the science interferometer where the local laser is interfered with light from a remote spacecraft. In our experiment, a simulated version of this received beam is generated on the telescope simulator. The telescope simulator provides a tilting beam, a reference interferometer and an additional static beam as a phase reference. The tilting beam can either be a flat-top beam or a Gaussian beam. We avoid tilt-to-length coupling in the reference interferometer by using a small photo diode placed at an image of the beam rotation point. We show that the test bed is operational with an initial measurement of tilt-to-length coupling without imaging systems. Furthermore, we show the design of two different imaging systems whose performance will be investigated in future experiments.
Little Dorrit, no. 01
Creators: name: Dickens, Charles, 1812-1870
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Inheritance and succession
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/973371
subject: Fathers and daughters
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/921890
subject: Debt, Imprisonment for
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/888804
subject: Children of prisoners
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/855496
subject: Marshalsea Prison (Southwark, London, England)
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/658382
subject: Families
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1728849

description: Issued monthly from Dec. 1855 to June 1857 in blue paper wrappers. Book the first. Poverty. Chapters 1-4: Chapter 1. Sun and shadow -- Chapter 2. Fellow travellers --Chapter 3. Home -- Chapter 4. Mrs. Flintwinch has a dream
Analytic Solution of the Ornstein-Zernike Relation for Inhomogeneous Liquids
Creators: name: He, Yan
name: Rice, Stuart A.
name: Xu, Xinliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of a classical simple liquid can be strongly affected by application of an external potential that supports inhomogeneity. To understand the nature of these property changes the equilibrium particle distribution functions of the liquid have, typically, been evaluated individually as functions of system control parameters, such as the packing fraction of a hard sphere liquid. In this study we focus attention on two distribution functions that characterize the inhomogeneous liquid: the pair direct correlation function $c(\mathbf{r}_1,\mathbf{r}_2)$ and the pair correlation function $g(\mathbf{r}_1,\mathbf{r}_2)$. We solve the Ornstein-Zernike equation for the inhomogeneous liquid to obtain $c(\mathbf{r}_1,\mathbf{r}_2)$ as an explicit function of $g(\mathbf{r}_1,\mathbf{r}_2)$, with the latter considered to be an experimental observable, using information about the well studied and resolved $g^0(\mathbf{r}_1-\mathbf{r}_2)$ and $c^0(\mathbf{r}_1-\mathbf{r}_2)$ for the parent homogeneous ($^0$) system. The result obtained with our formulation is tested against the exact solutions for the correlation and distribution functions of a one-dimensional inhomogeneous hard rod liquid. Following the success of that test the formalism is extended to obtain $c(\mathbf{r}_1,\mathbf{r}_2)$ as an explicit function of $g(\mathbf{r}_1,\mathbf{r}_2)$ in a three dimensional liquid.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures
Demand for long acting and permanent contraceptive methods and associated factors among female antiretroviral treatment attendees in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Walelegn, Miraf
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2014

description: Background: Unmet need for family planning is similar sometimes even higher among women living with HIV. There is also a significant number of unintended pregnancies ranging from 51 percent to 84% among HIV-positive women. In Ethiopia, the prevalence rate of LAPMs among the general population has shown an increment. The use of implant recently has increased from 12% to 16%. Objectives: The objective of this study is to assess the demand for long acting and permanent contraceptive method and factors associate with it among HIV-positive women enrolled on antiretroviral treatment program in public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: A facility based mixed methods research combining quantitative cross sectional study design and qualitative research was carried out in Addis Ababa among HIV-positive women initiated ART. A sample size of 421 was calculated and distributed to the selected hospitals based on the number of ART clients each have. A structured and pre- tested questionnaire was used to collect the data. Data collection was under taken from March2- April 20 2014 for both qualitative and quantitative study. The qualitative study was conducted in the same hospitals. Binary logistic regression and multivariate analysis were employed using SPSS version 21. Result: A total of 394 HIV positive women who initiated ART were included on the study with the response rate of 93.6%. The total demand for LAPMs among HIV positive women on ART was 60.2% (95% CI 55-65) which was 14% for met need and 46.2% unmet need. Factors associated with demand for LAPMS were number of live children (AOR 0.188 95% CI 0.074- 0.476) and disclosure of HIV status to family members (AOR 0.400 95% CI 0.227-0.750). Number of live children (AOR 0.100 95% CI 0.032-0.311), marital status (AOR 0.405 95% CI 0.169-0.968, disclosure of HIV status to family members (AOR 0.339 95% CI 0.182-0.631) and satisfaction with cost of method (AOR 0.438 95% CI 0.221-0.867) were predictors of unmet need. The qualitative study findings also supported the above result where the participants explained that family members usually interfere in the women's decision to use LAPMs. Conclusion and recommendation: The study shows the high total demand and unmet need for LAPMs, which may increase the mother to child HIV transmission due to unintended pregnancies caused by the failure of other short acting methods. Unmet need for LAPMs of contraception can be addressed by proper training of service providers (Both ART and FP), better counseling skill on family planning and proper management of side effects.
The isomorphism semigroup of a group
Creators: name: Kirkwood., Ian Maurice
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
On the trace anomaly of a Weyl fermion
Creators: name: Bastianelli, Fiorenzo
name: Martelli, Riccardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the trace anomaly of a Weyl fermion coupled to gravity by using Fujikawa's method supplemented by the choice of a consistent regulator. The latter is constructed out of Pauli-Villars regulating fields. The motivation for presenting such a calculation stems from recent studies that suggest that the trace anomaly of chiral fermions in four dimensions might contain an imaginary part proportional to the Pontryagin density. We find that the trace anomaly of a Weyl fermion is given by half the trace anomaly of a Dirac fermion, so that no imaginary part proportional to the Pontryagin density is seen to arise.
description: 25 pages, added references and acknowledgments
An integrable hierarchy without a recursion operator
Creators: name: Sakovich, Sergei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Lax integrability of a nonlinear system of two coupled second-order evolution equations introduced by Ibragimov and Shabat. For this system we find a zero-curvature representation with an essential parameter, construct an infinite integrable hierarchy which the system belongs to, and show that this hierarchy does not possess a recursion operator.
description: 10 pages
Leveraging covariate adjustments at scale in online A/B testing
Creators: name: Masoero, Lorenzo
name: Hains, Doug
name: McQueen, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Companies offering web services routinely run randomized online experiments to estimate the causal impact associated with the adoption of new features and policies on key performance metrics of interest. These experiments are used to estimate a variety of effects: the increase in click rate due to the repositioning of a banner, the impact on subscription rate as a consequence of a discount or special offer, etc. In these settings, even effects whose sizes are very small can have large downstream impacts. The simple difference in means estimator (Splawa-Neyman et al., 1990) is still the standard estimator of choice for many online A/B testing platforms due to its simplicity. This method, however, can fail to detect small effects, even when the experiment contains thousands or millions of observational units. As a by-product of these experiments, however, large amounts of additional data (covariates) are collected. In this paper, we discuss benefits, costs and risks of allowing experimenters to leverage more complicated estimators that make use of covariates when estimating causal effects of interest. We adapt a recently proposed general-purpose algorithm for the estimation of causal effects with covariates to the setting of online A/B tests. Through this paradigm, we implement several covariate-adjusted causal estimators. We thoroughly evaluate their performance at scale, highlighting benefits and shortcomings of different methods. We show on real experiments how "covariate-adjusted" estimators can (i) lead to more precise quantification of the causal effects of interest and (ii) fix issues related to imbalance across treatment arms - a practical concern often overlooked in the literature. In turn, (iii) these more precise estimates can reduce experimentation time, cutting cost and helping to streamline decision-making processes, allowing for faster adoption of beneficial interventions.
Empirically extending the range of validity of parameter-space metrics for all-sky searches for gravitational-wave pulsars
Creators: name: Wette, Karl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: All-sky searches for gravitational-wave pulsars are generally limited in sensitivity by the finite availability of computing resources. Semicoherent searches are a common method of maximizing search sensitivity given a fixed computing budget. The work of Wette and Prix [Phys. Rev. D 88, 123005 (2013)] and Wette [Phys. Rev. D 92, 082003 (2015)] developed a semicoherent search method which uses metrics to construct the banks of pulsar signal templates needed to search the parameter space of interest. In this work we extend the range of validity of the parameter-space metrics using an empirically-derived relationship between the resolution (or mismatch) of the template banks and the mismatch of the overall search. This work has important consequences for the optimization of metric-based semicoherent searches at fixed computing cost.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables
title: Das deutsche Kleinstadt-Kino und sein junges Publikum : Eine fundamentale Wechselwirkung?
Creators: name: Gronau, Gerrit
Publisher: name: Filmuniversität Babelsberg Konrad Wolf
Year: 2023

description: Diese Bachelorarbeit beschäftigt sich mit dem Wechselspiel zwischen den Kinos in deutschen Kleinstädten und ihrem Publikum. Was zeichnet Kleinstadt-Kinos gegenüber großen Multiplex-Kinos in deutschen Großstädten aus und was macht die Beziehung besonders? Darüber hinaus wird erforscht, welche kulturelle Sonderrolle Kinos im ländlichen Raum neben dem Vorführen von Filmen hinaus erfüllen. Ein besonderes Augenmerkt wird auf die Interaktion mit dem Kinonachwuchs in Form von Kindern unter 12 Jahren gelegt
Generalized chiral instabilities, linking numbers, and non-invertible symmetries
Creators: name: Yamamoto, Naoki
name: Yokokura, Ryo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a universal mechanism of a class of instabilities in infrared regions for massless Abelian $p$-form gauge theories with topological interactions, which we call generalized chiral instabilities. Such instabilities occur in the presence of initial electric fields for the $p$-form gauge fields. We show that the dynamically generated magnetic fields tend to decrease the initial electric fields and result in configurations with linking numbers, which can be characterized by non-invertible global symmetries. The so-called chiral plasma instability and instabilities of the axion electrodynamics and $(4+1)$-dimensional Maxwell-Chern-Simons theory in electric fields can be described by the generalized chiral instabilities in a unified manner. We also illustrate this mechanism in the $(2+1)$-dimensional Goldstone-Maxwell model in electric field.
description: 38 pages, 9 figures; v2: references added, minor corrections, published version
String Theory Origin of Constrained Multiplets
Creators: name: Kallosh, Renata
name: Vercnocke, Bert
name: Wrase, Timm
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the non-linearly realized spontaneously broken supersymmetry of the (anti-)D3-brane action in type IIB string theory. The worldvolume fields are one vector $A_μ$, three complex scalars $ϕ^i$ and four 4d fermions $λ^0$, $λ^i$. These transform, in addition to the more familiar N=4 linear supersymmetry, also under 16 spontaneously broken, non-linearly realized supersymmetries. We argue that the worldvolume fields can be packaged into the following constrained 4d non-linear N=1 multiplets: four chiral multiplets $S$, $Y^i$ that satisfy $S^2=SY^i=0$ and contain the worldvolume fermions $λ^0$ and $λ^i$; and four chiral multiplets $W_α$, $H^i$ that satisfy $S W_α=0$ and $S \bar D_{\dot α} \bar H^{\bar \imath}=0$ and contain the vector $A_μ$ and the scalars $ϕ^i$. We also discuss how placing an anti-D3-brane on top of intersecting O7-planes can lead to an orthogonal multiplet $Φ$ that satisfies $S(Φ-\bar Φ)=0$, which is particularly interesting for inflationary cosmology.
description: 28 pages, v2: published version, 1 reference added
An Enigmatic 380 kpc Long Linear Collimated Galactic Tail
Creators: name: Zaritsky, Dennis
name: Crossett, Jacob P.
name: Jaffé, Yara L.
name: Donnerstein, Richard
name: Karunakaran, Ananthan
name: Khim, Donghyeon J.
name: Lourenço, Ana C. C.
name: Spekkens, Kristine
name: Sun, Ming
name: Vulcani, Benedetta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an intriguing, serendipitously-detected system consisting of an S0/a galaxy, which we refer to as the "Kite", and a highly-collimated tail of gas and stars that extends over 380 kpc and contains pockets of star formation. In its length, narrowness, and linearity the Kite's tail is an extreme example relative to known tails. The Kite (PGC 1000273) has a companion galaxy, Mrk 0926 (PGC 070409), which together comprise a binary galaxy system in which both galaxies host active galactic nuclei. Despite this systems being previously searched for signs of tidal interactions, the tail had not been discovered prior to our identification as part of the validation process of the SMUDGes survey for low surface brightness galaxies. We confirm the kinematic association between various H$α$ knots along the tail, a small galaxy, and the Kite galaxy using optical spectroscopy obtained with the Magellan telescope and measure a velocity gradient along the tail. The Kite shares characteristics common to those formed via ram pressure stripping ("jellyfish" galaxies) and formed via tidal interactions. However, both scenarios face significant challenges that we discuss, leaving open the question of how such an extreme tail formed. We propose that the tail resulted from a three-body interaction from which the lowest-mass galaxy was ejected at high velocity.
description: Submitted to publication in MNRAS (comments welcome)
Un résultat de recherche obtenu grâce à des lycéens
Creators: name: Budzinski, Thomas
name: Arteche, Giancarlo Lucchini
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give an elementary proof of a question asked by Fouvry, Kowalski and Michel on the solutions of the equation $x+\frac{1}{x}+y+\frac{1}{y}+t=0$ over a finite field, using the results obtained by highschool students during their participation at the maths tournament "Tournoi Français des Jeunes Mathématiciennes et Mathématiciens". Nous présentons une démonstration élémentaire d'une question posée par Fouvry, Kowalski et Michel sur les solutions de l'équation $x+\frac{1}{x}+y+\frac{1}{y}+t=0$ sur un corps fini, en utilisant des résultats obtenus par des lycéens lors de leur participation au Tournoi Français des Jeunes Mathématiciennes et Mathématiciens.
description: 12 pages in French. Final version. Extended the appendix explaining the math tournament. To appear in Gazette des Math\'ematiciens (SMF)
Z-dark search with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: Castaneda-Miranda, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The search of the "hidden sector" via new neutral light bosons Z-dark ($Z_{d}$) could be revealed by the study of the decay of the discovered Higgs-like boson or any other undiscovered Higgs boson. After the LHC concluded a successful first period of running, the ATLAS Collaboration published its latest results on the $H\rightarrow Z_{d}Z_{d}\rightarrow 4l$ analysis using up to 20 fb$^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity at $\sqrt{s}=8$ TeV. In this proceeding I present a summary of the recent results on the search of the $Z_{d}$ in the signature $H\rightarrow Z_{d}Z_{d}\rightarrow 4l$ with the ATLAS detector at the LHC.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures. To be published in Journal of Physics Conference Series (IOP). Joint Proceedings of the XV Mexican Workshop on Particles and Fields & the XXX Annual Meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields of the Mexican Physical Society
Schüler(innen)leistungen am Ende der 8. Schulstufe – Ergebnisse der österreichischen Standards M8-Testung
Creators: name: Schneider, Edith
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Didaktik der Mathematik
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 510

description: Im Jahre 2009 wurden in Österreich „Bildungsstandards“ u.a. für das Fach Mathematik für die 8. Schulstufe („Standards M8“) gesetzlich verankert, im Mai 2012 wurden erstmals bundesweite (!) Standards M8-Testungen durchgeführt. Die offiziellen Ergebnisrückmeldungen fokussieren auf relative Stärken und Schwächen von Schulen im Vergleich zum bundesweiten Durchschnitt sowie in einem speziellen („fairen“) Schul- und Klassenvergleich (siehe Schreiner & Breit, 2012). Um Aussagen über die tatsächlichen Leistungen der Schüler(innen) machen zu können, muss die Testung hinsichtlich der „objektiven“ Anforderungen der einzelnen Testitems und der dabei erzielten Lösungshäufigkeiten untersucht werden. Einige ausgewählte Analyseergebnisse werden in diesem Beitrag beschrieben.
A new sample of transient ultraluminous X-ray sources serendipitously discovered by Swift/XRT
Creators: name: Brightman, Murray
name: Hameury, Jean-Marie
name: Lasota, Jean-Pierre
name: Baldi, Ranieri D.
name: Bruni, Gabriele
name: Cann, Jenna M.
name: Earnshaw, Hannah
name: Fürst, Felix
name: Heida, Marianne
name: Jaodand, Amruta
name: Lazzarini, Margaret
name: Middleton, Matthew J.
name: Walton, Dominic J.
name: Weaver, Kimberly A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) are our best laboratories for studying extreme super-Eddington accretion. Most studies of these objects are of relatively persistent sources, however there is growing evidence to suggest a large fraction of these sources are transient. Here we present a sample of five newly reported transient ULXs in the galaxies NGC 4945, NGC 7793 and M81 serendipitously discovered in Swift/XRT observations. Swift monitoring of these sources have provided well sampled lightcurves, allowing for us to model the lightcurves with the disk instability model of Hameury & Lasota (2020) which implies durations of 60-400 days and that the mass accretion rate through the disk is close to or greater than the Eddington rate. Of the three source regions with prior HST imaging, color magnitude diagrams of the potential stellar counterparts show varying ages of the possible stellar counterparts. Our estimation of the rates of these sources in these three galaxies is 0.4-1.3 year$^{-1}$. We find that while persistent ULXs dominate the high end of galaxy luminosity functions, the number of systems that produce ULX luminosities are likely dominated by transient sources.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Prediction and near-field observation of skull-guided acoustic waves
Creators: name: Estrada, Héctor
name: Rebling, Johannes
name: Razansky, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultrasound waves propagating in water or soft biological tissue are strongly reflected when encountering the skull, which limits the use of ultrasound-based techniques in transcranial imaging and therapeutic applications. Current knowledge on the acoustic properties of the cranial bone is restricted to far-field observations, leaving its near-field properties unexplored. We report on the existence of skull-guided acoustic waves, which was herein confirmed by near-field measurements of optoacoustically-induced responses in ex-vivo murine skulls immersed in water. Dispersion of the guided waves was found to reasonably agree with the prediction of a multilayered flat plate model. It is generally anticipated that our findings may facilitate and broaden the application of ultrasound-mediated techniques in brain diagnostics and therapy.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, appendix with 2 figures
Health Care Utilization and Comorbidity History of North Carolina Medicaid Beneficiaries in a Controlled Substance "Lock-in" Program
Creators: name: Skinner, A.C.
name: Gottfredson, N.C.
name: Ringwalt, C.
name: Lund, J.L.
name: Naumann, R.B.
name: Marshall, S.W.
Publisher: name: NLM (Medline)
Year: 2019

description: BACKGROUND Medicaid "lock-in" programs (MLIPs) are a widely used strategy for addressing potential misuse of prescription drugs among beneficiary populations. However, little is known about the health care needs and attributes of beneficiaries selected into these programs. Our goal was to understand the characteristics of those eligible, enrolled, and retained in a state MLIP. METHODS Demographics, comorbidities, and health care utilization were extracted from Medicaid claims from June 2009 through June 2013. Beneficiaries enrolled in North Carolina's MLIP were compared to those who were MLIP-eligible, but not enrolled. Among enrolled beneficiaries, those completing the 12-month MLIP were compared to those who exited prior to 12 months. RESULTS Compared to beneficiaries who were eligible for, but not enrolled in the MLIP (N = 11,983), enrolled beneficiaries (N = 5,424) were more likely to have: 1) substance use (23% versus 14%) and mental health disorders, 2) obtained controlled substances from multiple pharmacies, and 3) visited more emergency departments (mean: 8.3 versus 4.2 in the year prior to enrollment). One-third (N = 1,776) of those enrolled in the MLIP exited the program prior to completion. LIMITATIONS Accurate information on unique prescribers visited by beneficiaries was unavailable. Time enrolled in Medicaid differed for beneficiaries, which may have led to underestimation of covariate prevalence. CONCLUSIONS North Carolina's MLIP appears to be successful in identifying subpopulations that may benefit from provision and coordination of services, such as substance abuse and mental health services. However, there are challenges in retaining this population for the entire MLIP duration.
Mathematik und Musik: Schülerinnen und Schüler entdecken das Monochord – zur Vernetzung von Schule und Universität
Creators: name: Kurow, Jenny
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Didaktik der Mathematik
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 510

description: Seit dem letzten Jahrzehnt wird die Vernetzung von Schule und Universität im Bereich der Mathematik als ein neuer Weg der Förderung von Schülerinnen und Schülern besonders vorangetrieben (vgl. Vogt, S. 53). Es haben sich an den Hochschulen verschiedene Ansätze zur Realisierung entwickelt. Der Fokus liegt dabei vorrangig auf mathematisch begabten Schülerinnen und Schülern. Dagegen werden für allgemein mathematisch Interessierte bisher nur vereinzelte Angebote für eigenständiges, offenes und kreatives Arbeiten gemacht. Außerdem ist bei aktuellen Vernetzungsansätzen der Aspekt zu inspirierender Zusammenarbeit oft noch ausbaufähig.
Measurement of electroweak production of a W boson and two forward jets in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A measurement is presented of the cross section for the electroweak production of a W boson in association with two jets in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV. The data set was collected with the CMS detector and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 19.3 inverse femtobarns. The measured fiducial cross section for W bosons decaying to electrons or muons and for pT(j1) > 60 GeV, pT(j2) > 50 GeV, |eta(j)| < 4.7, and m(jj) > 1000 GeV is 0.42 +/- 0.04 (stat) +/- 0.09 (syst) +/- 0.01 (lumi) pb. This result is consistent with the standard model leading-order prediction of 0.50 +/- 0.02 (scale) +/- 0.02 (PDF) pb obtained with MADGRAPH5_aMC@NLO 2.1 interfaced to PYTHIA 6.4. This is the first cross section measurement for this process.
description: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/SMP-13-012/
Assessment of Factors Influencing Magnitude and Utilization of Institutional Delivery Service in Women of Reproductive Age in Nifas Silk Lafto Sub-City, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Abdulkadir, Zubeida
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2016

description: Back ground: -Every pregnancy is a risk which may end up with complication or death. Institution delivery is a good means to undertake this risk in providing the delivery service by skilled personnel and which will contribute to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality especially for developing countries like Ethiopia. Objective:-This study was designed and conducted with the aim of assessing factors influencing magnitude and utilization of institutional delivery in Nifas Silk Lafto Sub-city in Addis Ababa, 2014. Methods:-A community based cross sectional study using quantitative methods was conducted in Nifas Silk Lafto Sub city, Addis Ababa. A study population was all six ketena's in Woreda two of the sub-city. The total sample size for the study was estimated by single proportion population formula. Data was collected from 794 women of reproductive age using structured questionnaire, EPI-info version 3.5.1 was used to enter the data and SPPS version 20.0 was employed for analysis. Logistic regression and odds ratio was calculated to ascertain association between dependent and independent variable. The result was present in tables and text. Result A total of 768 women of reproductive age participated in this study. Women who have higher level of education were about 3.6 times more likely to deliver at health institution compared to women with low level of education [AOR: 3.6, 95% CI: (1.1 , 11.8)].The study also showed that 92.9% of mothers gave birth in health institution. Conclusion: - This study highlighted institutional delivery is most favorable so that promoting institutional delivery and women education is crucial among women of reproductive age group
Generalized Hill-Stability Criteria for Hierarchical Three-Body Systems at Arbitrary Inclinations
Creators: name: Grishin, Evgeni
name: Perets, Hagai B.
name: Zenati, Yossef
name: Michaely, Erez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A fundamental aspect of the three-body problem is its stability. Most stability studies have focused on the co-planar three-body problem, deriving analytic criteria for the dynamical stability of such pro/retrograde systems. Numerical studies of inclined systems phenomenologically mapped their stability regions, but neither complement it by theoretical framework, nor provided satisfactory fit for their dependence on mutual inclinations. Here we present a novel approach to study the stability of hierarchical three-body systems at arbitrary inclinations, which accounts not only for the instantaneous stability of such systems, but also for the secular stability and evolution through Lidov-Kozai cycles and evection. We generalize the Hill-stability criteria to arbitrarily inclined triple systems, explain the existence of quasi-stable regimes and characterize the inclination dependence of their stability. We complement the analytic treatment with an extensive numerical study, to test our analytic results. We find excellent correspondence up to high inclinations $(\sim120^{\circ}$), beyond which the agreement is marginal. At such high inclinations the stability radius is larger, the ratio between the outer and inner periods becomes comparable, and our secular averaging approach is no longer strictly valid. We therefore combine our analytic results with polynomial fits to the numerical results to obtain a generalized stability formula for triple systems at arbitrary inclinations. Besides providing a generalized secular-based physical explanation for the stability of non co-planar systems, our results have direct implications for any triple systems, and in particular binary planets and moon/satellite systems; we briefly discuss the latter as a test case for our models.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Effects of Homogeneous Plasma on Strong Gravitational Lensing of Kerr Black Holes
Creators: name: Liu, Changqing
name: Ding, Chikun
name: Jing, Jiliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Considering a Kerr black hole surrounded by the homogenous unmagnetised plasma medium, we study the strong gravitational lensing on the equatorial plane of the Kerr black hole. We find that the presence of the uniform plasma increases the photon-sphere radius $r_{ps}$, the coefficient $\bar{a},\bar{b}$, the angular position of the relativistic images $θ_{\infty}$, the deflection angle $α(θ)$ and the angular separation $s$. However the relative magnitudes $r_m$ decrease in presence of the uniform plasma medium. It is also shown that the impact of the uniform plasma on the effect of strong gravitational become smaller as the spin of the Kerr black increace in prograde orbit($a>0$). Especially, for the extreme black hole(a=0.5), the effect of strong gravitational lensing in homogenous plasma medium is the same as the case in vacuum for the prograde orbit.
description: 14 page ,4 figure. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1208.1072
Entwicklung eines Instruments zur Erfassung des Operationsverständnisses der Multiplikation
Creators: name: Royar, Thomas
name: Streit, Christine
name: Ziska, Simone
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Didaktik der Mathematik
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 510

description: Obwohl Operationsverständnis mit der Rechenleistung in einem Zusammenhang zu stehen scheint (Ladel, 2011; Moser Opitz, 2005, 2007; Radatz, 1989; Royar, 2011, 2013; Schäfer, 2005) beziehungsweise ein unzureichendes Operationsverständnis zu den Hauptmerkmalen von Rechenschwierigkeiten gehört (Gerster & Schultz 2005; Moser Opitz, 2001; Schäfer, 2005; Schipper, 2005), liegen nur wenige empirische Untersuchungen zum Operationsverständnis vor. Um Operationsverständnis und seine Determinanten systematisch untersuchen zu können, ist ein Instrument erforderlich, mit dem Operationsverständnis zuverlässig erfasst werden kann. Die Entwicklung eines solchen Instrumentes wird im vorliegenden Beitrag erläutert.
Η Αρχιτεκτονική και Αισθητική των Μουσείων Σύγχρονης Τέχνης
Creators: name: Καραδήμα, Δήμητρα Βασιλείου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Αρχιτεκτονική
subject: Σύγχρονη τέχνη
subject: Μουσείο
subject: Architecture
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: Contemporary art
subject: Museum

description: Η εξέλιξη της αρχιτεκτονικής, όσο αφορά στον σχεδιασμό των κτιρίων που στεγάζουν μουσεία, έχει αποτελέσει αντικείμενο έντονων συζητήσεων, καθώς, σε πολλές περιπτώσεις, τίθεται το κρίσιμο ερώτημα εάν το κτίριο και η μορφή του είναι δυνατό να επισκιάσουν τα εκθέματα, αποσπώντας την προσοχή και το ενδιαφέρον των επισκεπτών. Ιδιαίτερα κατά τα τελευταία έτη, η αρχιτεκτονική των μουσείων τέχνης διαθέτει ποικίλες προκλήσεις και, σε πολλές περιπτώσεις, ο σχεδιασμός, τα υλικά που επιλέγονται και η δομή του κτιρίου μπορεί να θεωρηθεί αντισυμβατική. Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας είναι να εξεταστεί το ζήτημα της αρχιτεκτονικής και της αισθητικής των μουσείων σύγχρονης τέχνης. Κάτω από το πρίσμα αυτό, πραγματοποιήθηκε εκτενής βιβλιογραφική ανασκόπηση, ενώ παράλληλα μελετήθηκαν σύγχρονα μουσεία με σπουδαία αρχιτεκτονική, αλλά και αρχιτέκτονες, οι οποίοι άλλαξαν ριζικά τον τρόπο με τον οποίο ο επισκέπτης βιώνει την εμπειρία της τέχνης. Όπως προέκυψε, η φιλοσοφία της αρχιτεκτονικής συχνά αντιτίθεται στην προβολή της τέχνης, ωστόσο, στις μέρες μας, το κτίριο που στεγάζει ένα μουσείο έχει απεμπλακεί από τον παραδοσιακό του ρόλο και σταδιακά μετατρέπεται σε βασικό στοιχείο του αστικού τοπίου και πόλο έλξης αρκετών τουριστών.
description: The evolution of architecture, in terms of the design of the buildings that house museums, has been the subject of intense debate, as, in many cases, the crucial question is whether the building and its form can overshadow the exhibits, distracting attention and interest of visitors. Especially in recent years, the architecture of art museums has a variety of challenges and, in many cases, the design, the materials chosen, and the structure of the building can be considered unconventional. The purpose of this paper is to examine the issue of architecture and aesthetics of contemporary art museums. Under these circumstances, an extensive bibliographic review was carried out, while at the same time modern museums with great architecture were studied, as well as architects, who radically changed the way in which the visitor faces the art experience. As it turned out, the philosophy of architecture is often opposed to the projection of art, however, nowadays, the building that houses a museum has disengaged from its traditional role and is gradually becoming a key element of the urban landscape and a tourist attraction.