cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Regularized Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics
Creators: name: Rawlinson, Jonathan I.
name: Tronci, Cesare
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While the treatment of conical intersections in molecular dynamics generally requires nonadiabatic approaches, the Born-Oppenheimer adiabatic approximation is still adopted as a valid alternative in certain circumstances. In the context of Mead-Truhlar minimal coupling, this paper presents a new closure of the nuclear Born-Oppenheimer equation, thereby leading to a molecular dynamics scheme capturing geometric phase effects. Specifically, a semiclassical closure of the nuclear Ehrenfest dynamics is obtained through a convenient prescription for the nuclear Bohmian trajectories. The conical intersections are suitably regularized in the resulting nuclear particle motion and the associated Lorentz force involves a smoothened Berry curvature identifying a loop-dependent geometric phase. In turn, this geometric phase rapidly reaches the usual topological index as the loop expands away from the original singularity. This feature reproduces the phenomenology appearing in recent exact nonadiabatic studies, as shown explicitly in the Jahn-Teller problem for linear vibronic coupling. Likewise, a newly proposed regularization of the diagonal correction term is also shown to reproduce quite faithfully the energy surface presented in recent nonadiabatic studies.
description: Third version with minor changes. To appear in Phys. Rev. A
Additional file 1 of Feasibility and evaluation of a large-scale external validation approach for patient-level prediction in an international data network: validation of models predicting stroke in female patients newly diagnosed with atrial fibrillation
Creators: name: Reps, Jenna M.
name: Williams, Ross D.
name: You, Seng Chan
name: Falconer, Thomas
name: Minty, Evan
name: Callahan, Alison
name: Ryan, Patrick B.
name: Park, Rae Woong
name: Hong-Seok Lim
name: Rijnbeek, Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1. Appendix A. Variable definitions.
Gender Equality Plan for the R&I field in the Region of Central Macedonia
Creators: name: George, Eleftherakis
name: Maria, Michali
name: Zaharis Nikos
name: Kallia Efthalia
name: Michalidis Konstantinos
name: Kallitsa, Pantazi
name: Pappa Eleni
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Gender Equality Plan
Research and Innovation
Region of Central Macedonia

description: Gender Equality Plan for the R&I field in the Region of Central Macedonia
The VMC Survey -- XXXVII. Pulsation periods of dust enshrouded AGB stars in the Magellanic Clouds
Creators: name: Groenewegen, M. A. T.
name: Nanni, A.
name: Cioni, M. -R. L.
name: Girardi, L.
name: de Grijs, R.
name: Ivanov, V. D.
name: Marconi, M.
name: Moretti, M. -I.
name: Oliveira, J. M.
name: Petr-Gotzens, M. G.
name: Ripepi, V.
name: van Loon, J. Th.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (abridged)Variability is a key property of stars on the asymptotic giant branch (AGB). Their pulsation period is related to the luminosity and mass-loss rate of the star. The long-period variables (LPVs) and Mira variables are the most prominent of all types of variability of evolved stars. The reddest, most obscured AGB stars are too faint in the optical and have eluded large variability surveys. Selection criteria are derived based on colour-colour and colour-magnitude diagrams from the combination of VISTA Magellanic Cloud (VMC) survey, Spitzer IRAC and AllWISE data. After eliminating LPVs with known periods shorter than 450 days, a sample of 1299 candidate obscured AGB stars is selected. K-band LCs are constructed combining the epoch photometry available in the VMC survey with literature data, analysed for variability and fitted with a single period sine curve to derive mean magnitudes, amplitudes and periods. A subset of 254 stars are either new variables, or known variables where the period we find is better determined than the literature value, or longer than 1000 days. The spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of these stars are fitted to a large number of templates. For this purpose the SEDs and Spitzer IRS spectra of some non-AGB stars are also fitted to have templates of the most likely contaminants in the sample. A sample of 217 likely LPVs is found. Thirty-four stars have periods longer than 1000 days although some of them have alternative shorter periods. Mass-loss rates and luminosities are estimated from the template fitting. Period-luminosity relations are presented for C- and O-rich Miras that appear to be extensions of relations derived in the literature for shorter periods. The fit for the C-stars is particularly well defined (with 182 objects) and reads Mbol = (-2.27 \pm 0.20) log P + (1.45 \pm 0.54)mag with an rms of 0.41 mag.
description: A&A accepted
Response of Guineagrass to Aquaculture Effluent Irrigation During the Dry Season
Creators: name: Valencia, E.
name: Flemming, P.
name: Valencia, E.
name: Flemming, P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Agribusiness
Crop Production/Industries

description: This paper will present the results of a nitrogen and sulfur fertilizer trial on bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum). Treatments consisted of two forms of nitrogen (ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate), three rates of nitrogen (0, 75, and 150 kg N/ha/yr) and three rates of sulfur (0, 86,174 kg S/ha/yr) applied to an established stand of bahiagrass grown on a Florida Alfisol soil. Bahiagrass yields, quality and digestibility increased with increasing rates of nitrogen and sulfur. Highest yields were obtained with ammonium sulfate as compared to ammonium nitrate. This study has demonstrated that addition of sulfur is advantages for bahiagrass grown on coarse textured soils deficient in sulfur and that ammonium sulfate may be a better source of nitrogen for bahiagrass.
Determining the Most Optimal Time for Harvesting Dasheen (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott var. esculenta) Corms Grown in Contrasting Agro-Ecological Zones of Dominica
Creators: name: Robin, Gregory
name: Ferguson, Theodore
name: Robin, Gregory
name: Ferguson, Theodore
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: The age at which dasheen corms are normally harvested, is based on a single factor such as corm age, leaf senescence, fanner experience ofthe crop in the environment in which it is grown, the demand pressures of the local. regional and extra-regional market or a combination ofthese factors. Scientific assessments of the effects of maturity on shelf 1ife, nutritional status, taste and the etTects of different agro-ecological zones on maturity have not been considered when determining time for harvest. This study uses a combination of age, traditional and scientific parameters to arrive at a more holistic and therefore more optimal time for harvesting corms. The study showed that the optimal age for harvesting dasheen corms in wet areas, where annual rainfall was approximately 5300 mrn and soil types were sandy clay loams was 10 months. In the drier areas, where annual rainfall was approximately 2400 rnm and soils were characterised as sticky clay loams without a silica pan, corms were best harvested at 9 months.
Commutators and commutator subgroups of finite $p$-groups
Creators: name: Kaushik, Rahul
name: Yadav, Manoj K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20D15, 20F12

description: We present a classification of finite $p$-groups $G$ with $γ_2(G)$, the commutator subgroup of $G$, of order $p^4$ and exponent $p$ such that not all elements of $γ_2(G)$ are commutators.
description: 28 pages. Included the case $p=2$ and corrected some ambiguities
Breeding Anthuriums (Anthuriums andreanum L.) for Resistance to Bacterial Blight Caused by Xanthomonas campestries pv dieffenbachiae
Creators: name: Anais, Guy
name: Darasse, Arnelle
name: Prior, Philippe
name: Anais, Guy
name: Darasse, Arnelle
name: Prior, Philippe
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Productivity Analysis

description: Ornamentals are of growing importance in the crop diversification policy of most Caribbean countries. Cut flowers, including anthuriums, alpinias and helicopnias are considered to have considerable potential as an export commodity. In the French Antilles, the development ofornamental production in the early seventies was based on anthuriums. This flower was leading the export market until 1983 whenthe accidental introduction of bacterial blight tXanthomonascompestris pv diffenbochiae) practically destroyed thewhole crop. After developing preventative measures to control the disease, a breeding progranune was initiated for resistance to the pathogen. In 1995. resistance in one anthurium clone growing in a shade-house was identified. The high level of this resistance was confirmed by inoculating the plants with a baeterium strain, representative ofthe local population of the pathogen. The resistant clone can easily be erossed with the commercial cultivars, so that it will be possible to breed varieties which meet the demands of both the export and local markets.
The structure and function of a novel two-site calcium-binding fragment of calmodulin
Creators: name: Lakowski, Theodore
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Several studies have revealed that calcium-binding EF-hands associate in various arrangements resulting in unique calcium affinities and target interactions, yet similar structures. This study examines the effect of EF-hand association on the structure, calcium-binding, and target-enzyme activation of a novel fragment of calmodulin formed by the association of EF-hands 2 and 3 (CaM2/3). The results from CaM2/3 are compared to those for the N- and C-domain fragments of calmodulin (CaM1/2 and CaM3/4, respectively). Based on NMR spectroscopic analyses, CaM2/3 is unstructured in the absence of calcium, but upon binding calcium adopts a structure that is similar to both the N- and C-domains of calmodulin. CaM2/3 is composed of four α-helices and a short anti-parallel β-sheet between EF-hands 2 and 3. These EF-hands associate in a manner similar to those in the N- and C-domains of calmodulin. This association is facilitated by the conformationally-flexible hinge region between EF-hands. CaM2/3 exhibits stepwise calcium-binding with a Kd₁ = 30 ± 5 μM to EF-hand 3, and a Kd₂ = 1800 ± 400 μM to EF-hand 2. In native calmodulin, aromatic residues opposite the loop between EF-hands are an important part of its hydrophobic core. It is suggested here that these residues act as an "aromatic zipper" to hold the first and fourth helices of each domain together. In CaM2/3 this "aromatic zipper" is in a structurally redundant position adjacent to the loop between EF-hands, and this may result in weak calcium-binding affinity at EF-hand 2. Our studies reveal that CaM2/3 binds a peptide corresponding to the calmodulin-binding sequence on skeletal muscle myosin light chain kinase (M13). This affinity is lower than that measured for both CaM1/2 and CaM3/4. MI3 appears to bind to a hydrophobic binding pocket on CaM2/3 in two equally populated conformations. CaM1/2 and CaM3/4 have little or no ability to stimulate the activity of calcineurin. However, CaM2/3 has a limited ability to stimulate calcineurin, but also appears to inhibit the stimulatory effect of calmodulin on calcineurin. This investigation leads to a greater understanding of the effect of EF-hand pairing, on structure, calcium-binding affinity, and target interactions in calmodulin.
Additional file 2 of Exosomal miRNA signatures of pancreatic lesions
Creators: name: Vicentini, Caterina
name: Calore, Federica
name: Nigita, Giovanni
name: Fadda, Paolo
name: Simbolo, Michele
name: Sperandio, Nicola
name: Luchini, Claudio
name: Lawlor, Rita T.
name: Croce, Carlo Maria
name: Corbo, Vincenzo
name: Fassan, Matteo
name: Scarpa, Aldo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Quality and size analysis of pancreatic plasma-derived exosomes.
An Improved Protocol for Atnhurium Callus Induction
Creators: name: Paulraj, Litta
name: Paulraj, Litta
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Researchers have found that callus growth in many anthurium (Anthurium andreamum Andre) cultivars is too slow and inconsistent for exploitation in large-scale rnicropropagation. Thidiazuron (TDZ) (N-phenyl -N'I ,2,3-thiadiazol- 5-yl-urea, and several substituted pridyl phenyl urea compounds have shown strong cytokininlike effect in a wide range of species including those that have little response to conventional adenine-based cytokinins. We have initiated experiments on the use ofTDZ for in vitro regeneration of anthurium from leaf explants. In readily regenerating anthurium geneotypes using TDZ, the first signs of callus formation were visible from as early as three weeks and whole plants were regenerated and rooted within six months.
Hydrostatic Pressure Effects on the Structural and Electronic Properties of Carbon Nanotubes
Creators: name: Capaz, Rodrigo B.
name: Spataru, Catalin D.
name: Tangney, Paul
name: Cohen, Marvin L.
name: Louie, Steven G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the structural and electronic properties of isolated single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) under hydrostatic pressure using a combination of theoretical techniques: Continuum elasticity models, classical molecular dynamics simulations, tight-binding electronic structure methods, and first-principles total energy calculations within the density-functional and pseudopotential frameworks. For pressures below a certain critical pressure $P_c$, the SWNTs' structure remains cylindrical and the Kohn-Sham energy gaps of semiconducting SWNTs have either positive or negative pressure coefficients depending on the value of $(n,m)$, with a distinct "family" (of the same $n-m$) behavior. The diameter and chirality dependence of the pressure coefficients can be described by a simple analytical expression. At $P_c$, molecular-dynamics simulations predict that isolated SWNTs undergo a pressure-induced symmetry-breaking transformation from a cylindrical shape to a collapsed geometry. This transition is described by a simple elastic model as arising from the competition between the bond-bending and $PV$ terms in the enthalpy. The good agreement between calculated and experimental values of $P_c$ provides a strong support to the ``collapse'' interpretation of the experimental transitions in bundles.
description: To appear in the Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on High Pressure Semiconductor Physics (invited paper)
K Values of the Soils of the U.S. Virgin Islands, Haiti, and Puerto Rico
Creators: name: Sotomayer-Ramirez, David
name: Lugo- Lopez, Miguel
name: Sotomayer-Ramirez, David
name: Lugo- Lopez, Miguel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Agribusiness
Crop Production/Industries

description: Soil erosion prediction has been used for decades, as soil erosion has a major negative effect on soil and water quality. The Κ factor (soil credibility factor) in the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) is very useful for predicting annual mean soil loss by sheet and rill erosion. This paper summarizes published data on Κ values at the soil series level according to soil orders of Soil Taxonomy, from selected soils of the U.S. Virgin Islands (USVI), Haiti, and Puerto Rico. The Κ values for Inceptisols ranged from 0.16 to 0.17 in USVI, Haiti, and Puerto Rico. The Κ values of Entisols and Alfisols ranged from 0.14 to 0.20 in USVI and Puerto Rico. The Κ values of Mollisols were 0.10, 0.09, and 0.18 for Haiti, USVI, and Puerto Rico, respectively. Oxisols are the least susceptible to erosion in Haiti whereas Oxisols, Ultisols, and Spodosols are the least susceptible to erosion Puerto Rico. Considering only the Κ factor, Vertisols are the most erosive soils in the U.S. Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico with values higher than 0.24.
Linear Disentangled Representations and Unsupervised Action Estimation
Creators: name: Painter, Matthew
name: Hare, Jonathon
name: Prugel-Bennett, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Disentangled representation learning has seen a surge in interest over recent times, generally focusing on new models which optimise one of many disparate disentanglement metrics. Symmetry Based Disentangled Representation learning introduced a robust mathematical framework that defined precisely what is meant by a "linear disentangled representation". This framework determined that such representations would depend on a particular decomposition of the symmetry group acting on the data, showing that actions would manifest through irreducible group representations acting on independent representational subspaces. Caselles-Dupre et al [2019] subsequently proposed the first model to induce and demonstrate a linear disentangled representation in a VAE model. In this work we empirically show that linear disentangled representations are not generally present in standard VAE models and that they instead require altering the loss landscape to induce them. We proceed to show that such representations are a desirable property with regard to classical disentanglement metrics. Finally we propose a method to induce irreducible representations which forgoes the need for labelled action sequences, as was required by prior work. We explore a number of properties of this method, including the ability to learn from action sequences without knowledge of intermediate states and robustness under visual noise. We also demonstrate that it can successfully learn 4 independent symmetries directly from pixels.
Nonlocal magnetization dynamics in ferromagnetic heterostructures
Creators: name: Tserkovnyak, Yaroslav
name: Brataas, Arne
name: Bauer, Gerrit E. W.
name: Halperin, Bertrand I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two complementary effects modify the GHz magnetization dynamics of nanoscale heterostructures of ferromagnetic and normal materials relative to those of the isolated magnetic constituents: On the one hand, a time-dependent ferromagnetic magnetization pumps a spin angular-momentum flow into adjacent materials and, on the other hand, spin angular momentum is transferred between ferromagnets by an applied bias, causing mutual torques on the magnetizations. These phenomena are manifestly nonlocal: they are governed by the entire spin-coherent region that is limited in size by spin-flip relaxation processes. We review recent progress in understanding the magnetization dynamics in ferromagnetic heterostructures from first principles, focusing on the role of spin pumping in layered structures. The main body of the theory is semiclassical and based on a mean-field Stoner or spin-density--functional picture, but quantum-size effects and the role of electron-electron correlations are also discussed. A growing number of experiments support the theoretical predictions. The formalism should be useful to understand the physics and to engineer the characteristics of small devices such as magnetic random-access memory elements.
description: 48 pages, 21 figures (3 in color)
Additional file 3 of Media views of the Stromboli 2002–2003 eruption and evacuation: a content analysis to understand framing of risk communication during a volcanic crisis
Creators: name: Calabrò, Laura
name: Harris, Andrew J. L.
name: Thouret, Jean-Claude
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Features of Newspapers selected for content analysis
Dense Dilated Convolutions Merging Network for Land Cover Classification
Creators: name: Liu, Qinghui
name: Kampffmeyer, Michael
name: Jessen, Robert
name: Salberg, Arnt-Børre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Land cover classification of remote sensing images is a challenging task due to limited amounts of annotated data, highly imbalanced classes, frequent incorrect pixel-level annotations, and an inherent complexity in the semantic segmentation task. In this article, we propose a novel architecture called the dense dilated convolutions' merging network (DDCM-Net) to address this task. The proposed DDCM-Net consists of dense dilated image convolutions merged with varying dilation rates. This effectively utilizes rich combinations of dilated convolutions that enlarge the network's receptive fields with fewer parameters and features compared with the state-of-the-art approaches in the remote sensing domain. Importantly, DDCM-Net obtains fused local- and global-context information, in effect incorporating surrounding discriminative capability for multiscale and complex-shaped objects with similar color and textures in very high-resolution aerial imagery. We demonstrate the effectiveness, robustness, and flexibility of the proposed DDCM-Net on the publicly available ISPRS Potsdam and Vaihingen data sets, as well as the DeepGlobe land cover data set. Our single model, trained on three-band Potsdam and Vaihingen data sets, achieves better accuracy in terms of both mean intersection over union (mIoU) and F1-score compared with other published models trained with more than three-band data. We further validate our model on the DeepGlobe data set, achieving state-of-the-art result 56.2% mIoU with much fewer parameters and at a lower computational cost compared with related recent work. Code available at https://github.com/samleoqh/DDCM-Semantic-Segmentation-PyTorch
description: Semantic Segmentation, 12 pages, TGRS-2020 early access in IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing. 2020, Code available at https://github.com/samleoqh/DDCM-Semantic-Segmentation-PyTorch
Preliminary Findings on the Efficacy of Three Household Disinfectants to Suppress Anthurium Decline
Creators: name: Hutton, Dave G.
name: Hutton, Dave G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Food Security and Poverty

description: Radopholus similis is the primary cause of anthurium (Anthurium andraeanum) "root rot and decline". Phenamiphos is the most effective nematicide to suppressthe nematodeandforestall decline; ethoprop is a good substitute, while oxamyland carbofuran are less effective. However,most traditional nematicides are becoming unavailable to growers, for various reasons. Dettol, Jeyes Fluid and bleach are proving very efficacious in disinfesting soil and some plant materials of noxious nematodes. These household disinfectants and cadusafos were compared with phenamiphos for control of R. simi/is and decline in anthurium. The treatments or water were initially applied to l2-we:ek old plants, then every five months. Leaf height, width and number, and R. similis populations in roots were measured initially, them at five, 10, and 14months. After 14months, leaves of the Dettol-, Jeyes Fluid- and bleach-treatedplants were shorter, and somewhatsmaller than at the outset. These and the control plants put on approximately 50% more leaves, while the phenamiphos- and cadusafos-treated plants almost doubled and tripled leaf numbers respectively. Leaves of phenamiphos-treated plants were marginally shorter than at the outset, but laminae were somewhat larger, while those of the cadusafos-treated plants were approximately 20% taller, and 30% larger. Only the cadusafos treatment suppressed R. simi/is. There is evidence of injury to plants treated with the household disinfectants.
Additional file 1 of Implementation of sexual and gender minority health curricula in health care professional schools: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Pratt-Chapman, Mandi L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Interview Guide
Demonstration of site-selective angular-resolved absorption spectroscopy of the $^{4}I_{15/2} \rightarrow $$^{4}I_{13/2}$ erbium transition in the monoclinic crystal Y$_2$SiO$_5$
Creators: name: Petit, Yannick
name: Boulanger, Benoît
name: Debray, Jérôme
name: Chanelière, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the angular dependence in polarized light of the optical absorption for the Er$^{3+}$ transition $^{4}I_{15/2} \rightarrow $$^{4}I_{13/2}$ in Y$_2$SiO$_5$, revealing thus the associated anisotropy and the orientation of the related absorption principal directions in the dielectric plan perpendicular to the monoclinic axis b. The measurements are performed at low temperature. This allows us to isolate the lowest crystal field levels in the ground and excited states. We spectrally resolve and independently characterize the two yttrium substitution sites in the Y$_2$SiO$_5$ matrix. The absorption tensor components cannot be unambiguously determined yet while only considering the investigated dielectric plane. Still, measurements remarkably demonstrate that this transition of interest well resolved at low temperature is not only a magnetic-dipole allowed transition but indeed a hybrid electric-magnetic transition.
Optical clocks based on ultra-narrow three-photon resonances in alkaline earth atoms
Creators: name: Hong, Tao
name: Cramer, Claire
name: Nagourney, Warren
name: Fortson, E. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A sharp resonance line that appears in three-photon transitions between the $^{1}S_{0}$ and $^{3}P_{0}$ states of alkaline earth and Yb atoms is proposed as an optical frequency standard. This proposal permits the use of the even isotopes, in which the clock transition is narrower than in proposed clocks using the odd isotopes and the energy interval is not affected by external magnetic fields or the polarization of trapping light. The method has the unique feature that the width and rate of the clock transition can be continuously adjusted from the $MHz$ level to sub-$mHz$ without loss of signal amplitude by varying the intensities of the three optical beams. Doppler and recoil effects can be eliminated by proper alignment of the three optical beams or by point confinement in a lattice trap. The three beams can be mixed to produce the optical frequency corresponding to the $^{3}P_{0}$ - $^{1}S_{0}$ clock interval.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, submitted to PRL
Dietary Effects of a Non-Starch Polysaccharide on Chicken Health and Performance
Creators: name: Stanley, Victor G.
name: Stanley, Victor G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Agribusiness
Crop Production/Industries

description: Many studies have demonstrated the dietary effects of non-starchpolysaccharides (NSP) on animal health and performance. Mannanoligosaccharide (MOS), a NSP, has been shown to maintain gut integrity by binding mycotoxins and blocking pathogens from attachment to the epithelial tissue along the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, and stimulating the immune system. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate: 1) effect of MOS on the colonization of coliform bacteria in the GI tract of broiler chicks; and 2) the effect of MOS in suppressing the effects of aflatoxins. In Experiment 1, lactose and MOS were compared in the reduction of coliform bacteria in the ceca of the GI tract in chicks. Lactose and MOS were included separately in a corn-soybean diet and fed to broiler chicks for 28 days. In Experiment 2, male broiler chicks were selected randomly and placed in a 2 χ 2 factorial design arrangement (0 and .1% MOS and 0 and 5 ppm aflatoxin). MOS and aflatoxin were included in a com-soybean-based diet. Each dietary treatment was fed to three pen replicates of 10 chicks each for 21 days. Compared to the control, caecal bacterial load was significantly reduced by 3 logs with the addition of MOS to the diet. The effects of MOS on aflatoxin-contaminated feed were seen in weekly body weight, feed conversion, relative liver, proventriculus, and heart weights. In conclusion, MOS was effective in binding aflatoxin and blocking the attachment of coliform bacteria.
High Redshift HCN Emission: Dense Star-Forming Molecular Gas in IRAS F10214+4724
Creators: name: Bout, P. A. Vanden
name: Solomon, P. M.
name: Maddalena, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hydrogen cyanide emission in the J=1-0 transition has been detected at redshift z=2.2858 in IRAS F10214+4724 using the Green Bank Telescope . This is the second detection of HCN emission at high redshift. The large HCN line luminosity in F10214 is similar to that in the Cloverleaf (z=2.6) and the ultra-luminous infrared galaxies Mrk231 and Arp220. This is also true of the ratio of HCN to CO luminosities. The ratio of far-infrared luminosity to HCN luminosity, an indicator of the star formation rate per solar mass of dense gas, follows the correlation found for normal spirals and infrared luminous starburst galaxies. F10214 clearly contains a starburst that contributes, together with its embedded quasar, to its overall infrared luminosity. A new technique for removing spectral baselines in the search for weak, broad emission lines is presented.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures; accepted ApJ(Letters)
Prospects for Heavy WIMP Dark Matter with CTA: the Wino and Higgsino
Creators: name: Rinchiuso, Lucia
name: Macias, Oscar
name: Moulin, Emmanuel
name: Rodd, Nicholas L.
name: Slatyer, Tracy R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: TeV-scale particles that couple to the standard model through the weak force represent a compelling class of dark matter candidates. The search for such Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) has already spanned multiple decades, and whilst it has yet to provide any definitive evidence for their existence, viable parameter space remains. In this paper, we show that the upcoming Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) has significant sensitivity to uncharted parameter space at the TeV mass scale. To do so, we focus on two prototypical dark matter candidates, the Wino and Higgsino. Sensitivity forecasts for both models are performed including the irreducible background from misidentified cosmic rays, as well as a range of estimates for the Galactic emissions at TeV energies. For each candidate, we find substantial expected improvements over existing bounds from current imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. In detail, for the Wino we find a sensitivity improvement of roughly an order of magnitude in $\langle σv \rangle$, whereas for the Higgsino we demonstrate that CTA has the potential to become the first experiment that has sensitivity to the thermal candidate. Taken together, these enhanced sensitivities demonstrates the discovery potential for dark matter at CTA in the 1-100 TeV mass range.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures, Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Reconstruction of the ground-layer adaptive-optics point spread function for MUSE Wide Field Mode observations
Creators: name: Fusco, Thierry
name: Bacon, R.
name: Kamann, S.
name: Conseil, S.
name: Neichel, Benoit
name: Correia, Carlos
name: Beltramo-Martin, Olivier
name: Vernet, Joel
name: Kolb, Johann
name: Madec, Pierre-Yves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we describe a simple, efficient, and most importantly fully operational point-spread-function(PSF)-reconstruction approach for laser-assisted ground layer adaptive optics (GLAO) in the frame of the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) Wide Field Mode. Based on clear astrophysical requirements derived by the MUSE team and using the functionality of the current ESO Adaptive Optics Facility we aim to develop an operational PSF-reconstruction (PSFR) algorithm and test it both in simulations and using on-sky data. The PSFR approach is based on a Fourier description of the GLAO correction to which the specific instrumental effects of MUSE Wide Field Mode (pixel size, internal aberrations, etc.) have been added. It was first thoroughly validated with full end-to-end simulations. Sensitivity to the main atmospheric and AO system parameters was analysed and the code was re-optimised to account for the sensitivity found. Finally, the optimised algorithm was tested and commissioned using more than one year of on-sky MUSE data. We demonstrate with an on-sky data analysis that our algorithm meets all the requirements imposed by the MUSE scientists, namely an accuracy better than a few percent on the critical PSF parameters including full width at half maximum and global PSF shape through the kurtosis parameter of a Moffat function. The PSFR algorithm is publicly available and is used routinely to assess the MUSE image quality for each observation. It can be included in any post-processing activity which requires knowledge of the PSF.
description: To be published in A&1, 14 pages, 17 figures
Dry Weight Accumulation and Nutrient Uptake by Arracacha Grown Under Controlled Conditions
Creators: name: Ortiz, Carlos E.
name: Orengo-Santiago, Essau
name: Acin, Nilsa M.
name: Ortiz, Carlos E.
name: Orengo-Santiago, Essau
name: Acin, Nilsa M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Production Economics

description: In Puerto Rico, the commerciaI production ofarraeaeha (Arracacia xanlhon-hiza) is concentrated in low fertility soils. Crop development and yield depend heavily upon supplementary fertilization. Information on arracaeha's growth and nutrient uptake is scarce. This study was conducted under controlled conditions to determine the pattern of dry weight accumulation and to estimate nutrient uptake in arraeacha. Plants were grown in concrete boxes filled with topsoil. Samples were harvested at 28-day intervals from 30 to 198 days after emergence. At each harvest, the plants were divided into the lamina, petiole and corm. Tissues were oven-dried to determine dry weight and concentration ofN, P, K, Ca and Mg. Dry weight accwnulation in the whole plant and in the conn increased linearly throughout the season. Concentrations of N, Ca and Mg tended to be higher in the lamina than in other parts. Estimates ofmaximwn uptake were 279 kg/ha for K.., 128 kg/ha for N, and 106 kg/ha for P. Uptake estimates for Ca and Mg were 32 and 26 kg/ha, respectively.
title: Contested Sensemaking and Everyday Leadership Practices in the Context of UK Parliamentary Select Committees
Creators: name: Stansfield, Annette
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2042

description: This thesis is an exploratory study of everyday leadership in UK parliamentary select committees. It is based on a detailed analysis of the parliamentary context for leadership and highlights the distinctive characteristics of a chair’s everyday select committee leadership practices. It examines how a chair addresses the challenges involved in the social processes of mobilising and aligning committee members and stakeholders around the committee’s purpose: making sense of complex and contentious public policy dilemmas. While still largely bound by parliamentary routines and tradition, select committees offer chairs increasing opportunities for flexibility, influence and leadership. Based on privileged research access to the workings of select committees, this is a real-time embedded comparative case study of similarities and differences in the enactment of leadership across two parallel contemporaneous inquiries within the same committee. It highlights the significance of sensemaking and sensegiving to leadership while proposing that the politicised context accentuates how challenge and conflict are integral to the daily enactment of leadership, which is often more volatile and much harder work than the literature suggests. It builds on existing leadership theory to contribute a novel conception of leadership, based on an adaptive combination of sensegiving, praxis and challenge in this context, with potentially wider application.
Directly comparing coronal and solar wind elemental fractionation
Creators: name: Stansby, D.
name: Baker, D.
name: Brooks, D. H.
name: Owen, C. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As the solar wind propagates through the heliosphere, dynamical processes irreversibly erase the signatures of the near-Sun heating and acceleration processes. The elemental fractionation of the solar wind should not change during transit however, making it an ideal tracer of these processes. We aimed to verify directly if the solar wind elemental fractionation is reflective of the coronal source region fractionation, both within and across different solar wind source regions. A backmapping scheme was used to predict where solar wind measured by the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) originated in the corona. The coronal composition measured by the Hinode Extreme ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) at the source regions was then compared with the in-situ solar wind composition. On hourly timescales there was no apparent correlation between coronal and solar wind composition. In contrast, the distribution of fractionation values within individual source regions was similar in both the corona and solar wind, but distributions between different sources have significant overlap. The matching distributions directly verifies that elemental composition is conserved as the plasma travels from the corona to the solar wind, further validating it as a tracer of heating and acceleration processes. The overlap of fractionation values between sources means it is not possible to identify solar wind source regions solely by comparing solar wind and coronal composition measurements, but a comparison can be used to verify consistency with predicted spacecraft-corona connections.
description: Accepted version; 8 pages, 7 figures
The theory and methods for measurement errors and missing data problems in semiparametric nonlinear mixed-effects models
Creators: name: Liu, Wei
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Semiparametric nonlinear mixed-effects (NLME) models are flexible for modelling complex longitudinal data. Covariates are usually introduced in the models to partially explain inter-individual variations. Some covariates, however, may be measured with substantial errors. Moreover, the responses may be missing and the missingness may be nonignorable. In this thesis, we develop approximate maximum likelihood inference in the following three problems: (1) semiparametric NLME models with measurement errors and missing data in time-varying covariates; (2) semiparametric NLME models with covariate measurement errors and outcome-based informative missing responses; (3) semiparametric NLME models with covariate measurement errors and random-effect-based informative missing responses. Measurement errors, dropouts, and missing data are addressed simultaneously in a unified way. For each problem, we propose two joint model methods to simultaneously obtain approximate maximum likelihood estimates (MLEs) of all model parameters. Some asymptotic properties of the estimates are discussed. The proposed methods are illustrated in a HIV data example. Simulation results show that all proposed methods perform better than the commonly used two-step method and the naive method.
Subleading Shape Functions in Inclusive B Decays
Creators: name: Bosch, Stefan W.
name: Neubert, Matthias
name: Paz, Gil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The contributions of subleading shape functions to inclusive decay distributions of B mesons are derived from a systematic two-step matching of QCD current correlators onto soft-collinear and heavy-quark effective theory. At tree-level, the results can be expressed in terms of forward matrix elements of bi-local light-cone operators. Four-quark operators, which arise at O(g^2), are included. Their effects can be absorbed entirely into a redefinition of other shape functions. Our results are in disagreement with some previous studies of subleading shape-function effects in the literature. A numerical analysis of B->X_u+l+nu decay distributions suggests that power corrections are small, with the possible exception of the endpoint region of the charged-lepton energy spectrum.
description: 22 pages, 2 figures; several typos corrected; version published in JHEP
Nitrogen Release from Biosolids Applied to Sandy Soil Amended with Lime
Creators: name: Muchovej, Rosa M.
name: Rechcig, J. E.
name: Muchovej, Rosa M.
name: Rechcig, J. E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Production Economics
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Most bahiagrass pastures in Florida are nutrient deficient; however, ranchers have been reducing fertilizer application due to the low cattle prices. Pelletized biosolids applied to bahiagrass pastures on an acid sandy soil increased forage yield and quality linearly with rates up to 17.6 Mg/ha and between 50 to 80% of the N was made available within the first year of application. Soil pH may have a pronounced effect on mineralization from biosolids, though. The objective ofthis laboratory study was to investigate the effects ofvariable soil pH attained by liming of an acid sandy soil. on the mineralization ofN from pelletized biosolids. Biosolids at the rate of'D, 1.-.1,2.2.4.4.8.8 and 17.6 Mg/ha and calcitic limestone at the rate ofO, 2.2, 4.4, and 8.8 MgIha were added to a myakka fine sand. Soil pH values were determined bi-weekly after the addition of lime and biosolids The N mineralization process at the various lime/pH levels was assessed by a Ilion-leached incubation system. Soil samples were removed bi-weekly and extracted with water for the determination ofNH4 and NOJ • The soil pi I values varied from 5.5 to 6.7 with increasing lime application rates. Increasing biosolids resulted in slight decreases in ssoil pH within each lime level. Ammonium was the predominant form ofN within the first two weeks of incubation; however. as time progresses. NOJ predominated. Nitrogen mineralization stabilized at 10 weeks and was reduced by the highest lime rate.
Inflation with multiple vector fields and non-Gaussianities
Creators: name: Gorji, Mohammad Ali
name: Mansoori, Seyed Ali Hosseini
name: Firouzjahi, Hassan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a model of inflation consisting a triplet of $U(1)$ vector fields with the parity violating interaction which is non-minimally coupled to inflaton. The vector field sector enjoys global $O(3)$ symmetry which admits isotropic configuration and provides not only vector modes but also scalar and tensor modes. We decompose the scalar perturbations into the adiabatic, entropy and isocurvature perturbations and compute all power spectra and cross correlations of the scalar and the tensor sectors. The tensor modes associated with the vector fields contribute to the power spectrum of gravitational waves while the parity violating term generates chirality in gravitational power spectra and bispectra. We study nonlinear scalar and tensor perturbations and compute all bispectra and three-point cross-correlations. In particular, it is shown that the non-Gaussianity of curvature perturbations and gravitational waves are enhanced by the vector field perturbations. We show that non-Gaussianities put strong constraints on the model parameters such as the parity violating coupling and the fractional energy of the vector fields.
description: 30+20 pages, 15 figures, 5 appendices, matches published version
On Asymptotic Fermat over $\mathbb{Z}_p$ extensions of $\mathbb{Q}$
Creators: name: Freitas, Nuno
name: Kraus, Alain
name: Siksek, Samir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11D41, 11R23

description: Let $p \ge 5$ be a prime and let $\mathbb{Q}_{n,p}$ denote the $n$-th layer of the cyclotomic $\mathbb{Z}_p$-extension of $\mathbb{Q}$. We show that $\mathbb{Q}_{n,p}$ has no exceptional units. We use this to prove the effective asymptotic Fermat's Last Theorem over $\mathbb{Q}_{n,p}$ for all $n \ge 1$ and all primes $p \ge 5$ that are non-Wieferich, i.e. $2^{p-1} \not \equiv 1 \pmod{p^2}$. The effectivity in our result builds on recent work of Thorne proving modularity of elliptic curves over $\mathbb{Q}_{n,p}$.
Anomalous Pressure Dependence of Kadowaki-Woods ratio and Crystal Field Effects in Mixed-valence YbInCu4
Creators: name: Park, Tuson
name: Sidorov, V. A.
name: Sarrao, J. L.
name: Thompson, J. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mixed-valence (MV) compound YbInCu4 was investigated by electrical resistivity and ac specific heat at low temperatures and high pressures. At atmospheric pressure, its Kadowaki-Woods (KW) ratio, A/γ^2, is 16 times smaller than the universal value R_{KW}(=1.0 x 10^-5 μΩcm mol^2 K^2 mJ^-2), but sharply increases to 16.5R_{KW} at 27 kbar. The pressure-induced change in the KW ratio and deviation from R_{KW} are analyzed in terms of the change in f-orbital degeneracy N and carrier density n. This analysis is further supported by a dramatic change in residual resistivity ρ_0 near 25 kbar, where ρ_0 jumps by a factor of 7.
description: 4pages, 3figures