cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Polarization control in Nitride Quantum Well Light Emitters Enabled by Bottom Tunnel-junctions
Creators: name: Turski, Henryk
name: Bharadwaj, Shyam
name: Huili
name: Xing
name: Jena, Debdeep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The frozen internal polarization-induced electric fields due to broken inversion symmetry in all conventional blue and green nitride semiconductor light emitting semiconductor quantum well heterostructures point in a direction opposite to what is desired for efficient flow of electrons and holes. This state of affairs has persisted because of the desire to have p-type hole injectors on top of the quantum well active region. Because of the internal polarization fields in nitride heterostructures, there exist four permutations of doping and polarization for the realization of such light emitters. Which permutation is the most desirable for efficient light emission? In this work, we answer this question by demonstrating a fundamentally new approach towards efficient light emission with bottom-tunnel junctions. The bottom-tunnel junction design aligns the polarization fields in a desired direction in the quantum well, while simultaneously eliminating the need for p-type contacts, and allowing efficient current spreading. By preventing electron overshoot past quantum wells, it disables carrier recombination in undesired regions of the quantized heterostructures, and opens up the possibility for new geometries of integrating and stacking multiple light emitters. Due to the inherent advantages, the bottom-tunnel junction light emitting diode enables a 200-300% increase in the light emission efficiency over alternate heterostructure designs.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures
Identifying Misinformation About Unproven Cancer Treatments on Social Media Using User-Friendly Linguistic Characteristics: Content Analysis.
Creators: name: Elston Lafata, Jennifer
name: Boyles, Dahlia
name: Smith, Angela B
name: Chheda, Ria
name: Fridman, Ilona
name: Baldwin-SoRelle, Carrie
Publisher: name: JMIR Publications
Year: 2025

description:
BACKGROUND: Health misinformation, prevalent in social media, poses a significant threat to individuals, particularly those dealing with serious illnesses such as cancer. The current recommendations for users on how to avoid cancer misinformation are challenging because they require users to have research skills. OBJECTIVE: This study addresses this problem by identifying user-friendly characteristics of misinformation that could be easily observed by users to help them flag misinformation on social media. METHODS: Using a structured review of the literature on algorithmic misinformation detection across political, social, and computer science, we assembled linguistic characteristics associated with misinformation. We then collected datasets by mining X (previously known as Twitter) posts using keywords related to unproven cancer therapies and cancer center usernames. This search, coupled with manual labeling, allowed us to create a dataset with misinformation and 2 control datasets. We used natural language processing to model linguistic characteristics within these datasets. Two experiments with 2 control datasets used predictive modeling and Lasso regression to evaluate the effectiveness of linguistic characteristics in identifying misinformation. RESULTS: User-friendly linguistic characteristics were extracted from 88 papers. The short-listed characteristics did not yield optimal results in the first experiment but predicted misinformation with an accuracy of 73% in the second experiment, in which posts with misinformation were compared with posts from health care systems. The linguistic characteristics that consistently negatively predicted misinformation included tentative language, location, URLs, and hashtags, while numbers, absolute language, and certainty expressions consistently predicted misinformation positively. CONCLUSIONS: This analysis resulted in user-friendly recommendations, such as exercising caution when encountering social media posts featuring unwavering assurances or specific numbers lacking references. Future studies should test the efficacy of the recommendations among information users.
Computational Insights into the Binding Pattern of Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter Inhibitor through Homology Modeling, Molecular Dynamics Simulation, Binding Free Energy Prediction and Density Functional Theory Calculation
Creators: name: Duan, Na
name: Gao, Zisen
name: Hu, Baichun
name: Ge, Dandan
name: Li, Wei
name: Ye, Tong
name: Geng, Xiaohui
name: Li, Xiaodong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: The mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) is the critical protein of the inner mitochondrial membrane that is the primary mediator for calcium uptake into the mitochondrial matrix. Herein we built the optimal homology model of human MCU which was refined through all-atom molecular dynamics simulation. Then, the binding mode of known inhibitor was predicted through molecular docking method, along with molecular dynamics simulation and binding free energy calculation to verify the docking result and stability of the protein-inhibitor complex. Finally, density functional theory (DFT) calculation enhanced our understanding of the molecular interaction of MCU inhibitor. Our research would provide a deeper insight into the interactions between human MCU and its inhibitor, which boosts to develop novel therapy against MCU related disease.
Heralded single-photon source based on superpositions of squeezed states
Creators: name: Azuma, Hiroo
name: Munro, William J.
name: Nemoto, Kae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a heralded single-photon source based on injecting a superposition of oppositely squeezed states onto a beam splitter. Our superposition of squeezed states is composed of only even photon number states (the number of photons is equal to $2,6,10,...$) meaning the probability for an emitted single photon given as a heralded single-photon event is higher than what one can achieve from the usual two-mode squeezed state. This enables one to realize an enhanced heralded single-photon source. We discuss how to create this superposition of squeezed states utilizing a single-mode squeezed state and the cross-Kerr nonlinearity. Our proposed method significantly improves the probability of emitting the heralded single photon compared to spontaneous parametric down-conversion.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures, REVTeX; v2: minor corrections
Diffusion Models for Generative Outfit Recommendation
Creators: name: Xu, Yiyan
name: Wang, Wenjie
name: Feng, Fuli
name: Ma, Yunshan
name: Zhang, Jizhi
name: He, Xiangnan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Outfit Recommendation (OR) in the fashion domain has evolved through two stages: Pre-defined Outfit Recommendation and Personalized Outfit Composition. However, both stages are constrained by existing fashion products, limiting their effectiveness in addressing users' diverse fashion needs. Recently, the advent of AI-generated content provides the opportunity for OR to transcend these limitations, showcasing the potential for personalized outfit generation and recommendation.
 To this end, we introduce a novel task called Generative Outfit Recommendation (GOR), aiming to generate a set of fashion images and compose them into a visually compatible outfit tailored to specific users. The key objectives of GOR lie in the high fidelity, compatibility, and personalization of generated outfits. To achieve these, we propose a generative outfit recommender model named DiFashion, which empowers exceptional diffusion models to accomplish the parallel generation of multiple fashion images. To ensure three objectives, we design three kinds of conditions to guide the parallel generation process and adopt Classifier-Free-Guidance to enhance the alignment between the generated images and conditions. We apply DiFashion on both personalized Fill-In-The-Blank and GOR tasks and conduct extensive experiments on iFashion and Polyvore-U datasets. The quantitative and human-involved qualitative evaluation demonstrate the superiority of DiFashion over competitive baselines.
description: accepted for publication in SIGIR'24
title: Rekonstruktion der Iris mit Hilfe der Artificial Iris bei partieller Aniridie. Ein Fallbeispiel
Creators: name: Batyrbekova, Meerim
name: Hasan, S.
name: Meller, D.
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Hintergrund: Infolge eines schweren okulären Traumas können eine partielle oder totale Aniridie und Cataracta complicata auftreten. In diesen Fällen kann eine vermehrte Blendempfindlichkeit, Visusminderung und kosmetische Beeinträchtigung auftreten. Es gibt verschiedene Behandlungsmöglichkeiten[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 27. Jahrestagung der Regionalgesellschaft der Augenärzte Sachsen-Anhalts und Thüringens e. V.
Stabilizing spin systems via symmetrically tailored RKKY interactions
Creators: name: Hermenau, Jan
name: Brinker, Sascha
name: Marciani, Marco
name: Steinbrecher, Manuel
name: Dias, Manuel dos Santos
name: Wiesendanger, Roland
name: Lounis, Samir
name: Wiebe, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin of a single atom adsorbed on a substrate is a promising building block for future spintronics and quantum computation schemes. To process spin information and also for increased magnetic stability, these building blocks have to be coupled. For a single atom, a high symmetry of the environment is known to lead to increased spin stability. However, little is known about the role of the nature and symmetry of the magnetic couplings. Here, we study arrays of atomic spins coupled via the ubiquitous Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) interaction, focusing on its two anisotropic parts: the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) and the symmetric anisotropic exchange interactions. First, we show that the high spin stability of an iron trimer can be remotely detected by a nearby iron atom, and how the DM interaction can lead to its destabilization. Second, we find that adding more nearby iron atoms almost always leads to a destabilization of the trimer, due to a non-local effective transverse anisotropy originating in the symmetric anisotropic exchange interaction. This transverse anisotropy can be quenched only for highly symmetric structures, for which the spin lifetime of the array is increased by orders of magnitude.
Ultralight scalar dark matter detection with ZAIGA
Creators: name: Zhao, Wei
name: Mei, Xitong
name: Gao, Dongfeng
name: Wang, Jin
name: Zhan, Mingsheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: ZAIGA is a proposed underground long-baseline atom interferometer (AI) facility, aiming for experimental research on gravitation and related problems. In this paper, we study the possibility of detecting the ultralight scalar dark matter (DM) with ZAIGA. According to a popular scalar DM model, the DM field contains a background oscillation term and a local exponential fluctuation term. In order to calculate the proposed constraints on DM coupling parameters, we need to first compute the DM signals in ZAIGA. For the case of two AIs vertically separated by 300 meters, the DM-induced differential phase consists of three contributions, coming from the DM-induced changes in atomic internal energy levels, atomic masses and the gravitational acceleration. For the case of two AIs horizontally separated by several kilometers, the signal comes from the DM-induced changes in atomic internal energy levels. With the current and future technical parameters of ZAIGA, we then obtain the proposed constraints on five DM coupling parameters. It turns out that our proposed constraints could be several orders of magnitude better than the ones set by the MICROSCOPE space mission.
description: To appear in Int. J. Mod. Phys. D
Intermittency Analysis of Toy Monte Carlo Events
Creators: name: Sharma, Sheetal
name: Gupta, Ramni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Event-by-event intermittency analysis of Toy Monte Carlo events is performed in the scenario of high multiplicity events as is the case at recent colliders RHIC and LHC for AA collisions. A power law behaviour of Normalized Factorial Moments (NFM), $F_{q}$ as function of number of bins ($M$) known as intermittency, is a signature of self-similar fluctuations. Dependence of NFM on the detector efficiencies and on the presence of fluctuations have been studied. Results presented here provide a baseline to the experimental results and clarity on the application of efficiency corrections to the experimental data.
description: 4 pages, 3 Figures, ISMD 2021
An Experimental Evaluation Of Analog TV Cable Services Distributed In GPON Architecture
Creators: name: Arsinte, Radu
name: Lupu, Eugen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper explores the benefits of GPON (Gigabit Passive Optical Networks) in analog TV services. Analog TV service is still present in the standard triple play distribution architectures, as an effect of unique advantages: simple distribution in an apartment via standard RF splitters, unlimited number of viewing sites, real time behavior by lack of encoding/decoding processes. Of course, the quality is still limited by analogic standards, but the price/performance ratio is unbeatable. The most important parameters characterizing the analog TV performance are described, the network architecture is emphasized. To have a reference, the test architecture is a sub-network of a commercial telecom company. In this case only the quality of TV reception is performed. Using open-source software, and the integrated TV tuner board makes possible to test the levels and S/N ratio for all the analog TV channels of the spectrum. The system opens the possibility to do the same for digital channels in DVB-C standard, with minimal changes.
description: 4pages, 7 figures
Prevalence and factors of meditation and yoga practice in the USA: How cancer and anxiety correlate
Creators: name: Waters, Austin R.
name: Dunsmore, Victoria J.
name: Wheeler, Stephanie B.
name: Reeder-Hayes, Katherine
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2025

description:
Purpose Research has shown that mind–body practices like meditation and yoga can improve quality of life among female cancer survivors. Yet, correlates of the likelihood to use these practices are unknown in the USA. The goal of this study was to use recent data from the 2022 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) to establish the prevalence and correlates of meditation and yoga practices among female cancer survivors in the USA, as well as among survivors who report high or frequent anxiety. Methods Using data from the NHIS, we identified eligible female respondents who had reported being diagnosed with cancer (N = 1,945). We identified factors associated with meditation and yoga practice use through self-reported surveys. Results Our sample (N = 1945) was primarily White (82.9%), 65 years or older (55.2%), heterosexual (97.2%), lived in medium/small metro areas (35.3%) in the South (36.6%), did not report frequent or high anxiety (63.9%), 21.5% used meditation, and 16.8% used yoga. Our results showed that among female survivors with high or frequent anxiety, there were higher odds of using yoga among those living in large central metro areas or who reported other cancers. Conclusion Use of meditation and yoga practices after cancer diagnosis remains uncommon. To best reach diverse survivors who may benefit from evidence-based mind–body practices, tailoring may be needed.
Astata kashmirensis Nurse 1909
Creators: name: Mokrousov, M. V.
name: Proshchalykin, M. Yu.
name: Aliyev, Kh. A.
name: Maharramov, M. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Crabronidae
Astata
Astata kashmirensis

description: Astata kashmirensis Nurse, 1909
 Astata rufipes: Gussakovskij, 1927: 289 (Yelizavetpol' [= Ganja]).
MATERIAL EXAMINED. 21 – 3 ♂; 22a – 1 ♂; 28 – 1 ♂; 32b – 5 ♂.
description: Published as part of Mokrousov, M. V., Proshchalykin, M. Yu., Aliyev, Kh. A. & Maharramov, M. M., 2019, To the knowledge of digger wasps (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae) of Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan, pp. 1-24 in Far Eastern Entomologist 394 on page 6, DOI: 10.25221/fee.394.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7164650
Quadratic reheating
Creators: name: Chimento, Luis P.
name: Jakubi, Alejandro S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The reheating process for the inflationary scenario is investigated phenomenologically. The decay of the oscillating massive inflaton field into light bosons is modeled after an out of equilibrium mixture of interacting fluids within the framework of irreversible thermodynamics. Self-consistent, analytic results for the evolution of the main macroscopic magnitudes like temperature and particle number densities are obtained. The models for linear and quadratic decay rates are investigated in the quasiperfect regime. The linear model is shown to reheat very slowly while the quadratic one is shown to yield explosive particle and entropy production. The maximum reheating temperature is reached much faster and its magnitude is comparable with the inflaton mass.
description: 21 pages, LaTeX 2.09, 4 figures. To be published in International Journal of Modern Physics D
Consumption of Processed Farm Foods in the United States
Creators: name: Burk, Marguerite C.
name: Burk, Marguerite C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1960
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Excerpts from the report: Practically all farm foods now purchased by U. S. consumers have gone through some form of processing, varying from trimming, grading, and washing to factory preparation of elaborate dishes and meals. Within the total civilian supply of farm foods, the proportion handled by marketing agencies rose from 80 percent in 1925 to 91 percent in 1954. Meanwhile, the proportion of the total food supply commercially processed beyond the minimum degree necessary for retail sale as fresh or raw, as by canning, drying, curing, freezing, or baking, went up from 25 percent to 35 percent. This report has the following five objectives: (1) To trace major trends in the processing of farm food commodities over the last 35 years; (2) to compare overall changes in average retail prices of relatively unprocessed and processed foods in recent decades; (3) to describe variations in the consumption of processed foods according to form and type, based on survey data for households grouped by region, urbanization, and income; (4) to evaluate factors related to changes in consumption of processed foods; and (5) to consider major elements in the outlook for processed foods.
A Cyclic Universe With Varying Cosmological Constant in $f(R,T)$ gravity
Creators: name: Ahmed, Nasr
name: Alamri, Sultan Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new kind of evolution for cyclic models in which the Hubble parameter oscillates and keeps positive has been explored in a specific $f(R,T)$ gravity reconstruction. A singularity-free cyclic universe with negative varying cosmological constant has been obtained which supports the role suggested for negative $Λ$ in stopping the eternal acceleration. The cosmological solutions have been obtained for the case of a flat universe, supported by observations. The cosmic pressure grows without singular values, it is positive during the early-time decelerated expansion and negative during the late-time accelerating epoch. The time varying EoS parameter $ω(t)$ shows a quintom behavior and is restricted to the range $-2.25 \leq ω(t) \lesssim \frac{1}{3}$. The validity of the classical linear energy conditions and the sound speed causality condition has been studied. The non-conventional mechanism of negative cosmological constant that are expected to address the late-time acceleration has been discussed.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures
title: Hereditäre Optikusneuropathien
Creators: name: Meltendorf, Synke
name: Thieme, H.
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Nach einer einführenden Systematisierung der Optikusneuropathien erfolgt eine Übersicht über die hereditären Optikusneuropathien. Es wird auf die klinische ophthalmologische, pädiatrische und interdisziplinäre Diagnostik und Differenzierung, sowie auf die humangenetische[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 27. Jahrestagung der Regionalgesellschaft der Augenärzte Sachsen-Anhalts und Thüringens e. V.
A semi-supervised approach to dark matter searches in direct detection data with machine learning
Creators: name: Herrero-Garcia, Juan
name: Patrick, Riley
name: Scaffidi, Andre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dark matter sector remains completely unknown. It is therefore crucial to keep an open mind regarding its nature and possible interactions. Focusing on the case of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles, in this work we make this general philosophy more concrete by applying modern machine learning techniques to dark matter direct detection. We do this by encoding and decoding the graphical representation of background events in the XENONnT experiment with a convolutional variational autoencoder. We describe a methodology that utilizes the `anomaly score' derived from the reconstruction loss of the convolutional variational autoencoder as well as a pre-trained standard convolutional neural network, in a semi-supervised fashion. Indeed, we observe that optimum results are obtained only when both unsupervised and supervised anomaly scores are considered together. A data set that has a higher proportion of anomaly score is deemed anomalous and deserves further investigation. Contrary to classical analyses, in principle all information about the events is used, preventing unnecessary information loss. Lastly, we demonstrate the reach of learning-focused anomaly detection in this context by comparing results with classical inference, observing that, if tuned properly, these techniques have the potential to outperform likelihood-based methods.
description: Matches published version in JCAP
Cosmic Strings in the Abelian Higgs Model with Conformal Coupling to Gravity
Creators: name: Verbin, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmic string solutions of the abelian Higgs model with conformal coupling to gravity are shown to exist. The main characteristics of the solutions are presented and the differences with respect to the minimally coupled case are studied. An important difference is the absence of Bogomolnyi cosmic string solutions for conformal coupling. Several new features of the abelian Higgs cosmic strings of both types are discussed. The most interesting is perhaps a relation between the angular deficit and the central magnetic field which is bounded by a critical value.
description: 22 pages, 10 figures; to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Kinetic Scalar Curvature Extended $f(R)$ Gravity
Creators: name: Chervon, S. V.
name: Nikolaev, A. V.
name: Mayorova, T. I.
name: Odintsov, S. D.
name: Oikonomou, V. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we study a modified version of vacuum $f(R)$ gravity with a kinetic term which consists of the first derivatives of the Ricci scalar. We develop the general formalism of this kinetic Ricci modified $f(R)$ gravity and we emphasize on cosmological applications for a spatially flat cosmological background. By using the formalism of this theory, we investigate how it is possible to realize various cosmological scenarios. Also we demonstrate that this theoretical framework can be treated as a reconstruction method, in the context of which it is possible to realize various exotic cosmologies for ordinary Einstein-Hilbert action. Finally, we derive the scalar-tensor counterpart theory of this kinetic Ricci modified $f(R)$ gravity, and we show the mathematical equivalence of the two theories.
description: NPB Accepted
title: Brand Protection Manifesto
title: Brand Protection Manifesto v1.0
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Sandiego, Lissa
Publisher: name: AstaraX Mind & Life — Foundational Release under Creative Commons License (BY-NC 4.0)
Year: 2025

description: O Brand Protection Manifesto apresenta diretrizes e estratégias para proteger marcas contra uso indevido, falsificações e violações de propriedade intelectual. Este repositório inclui o texto do manifesto e, se aplicável, scripts ou recursos adicionais para implementação prática. Desenvolvido para empresas, criadores e defensores da autenticidade de marcas.

Repositório original: https://github.com/LissaSandiego/brandprotectionmanifsto
title: Frühdiagnose bei Glaukom. So viele Untersuchungen – Wann macht das alles Sinn?
Creators: name: Hasan, Somar
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Das Glaukom ist die zweithäufigste Erblindungsursache weltweit. Es bleibt aber meist lange Zeit von den Patienten unbemerkt, daher gewinnt die Früherkennung des Glaukoms immer mehr an Bedeutung. Hierfür kommen mehrere Untersuchungsmethoden und die Messung unterschiedlicher anatomischer[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 27. Jahrestagung der Regionalgesellschaft der Augenärzte Sachsen-Anhalts und Thüringens e. V.
Controlling the size distribution of nanoparticles through the use of physical boundaries during laser ablation in liquids
Creators: name: Choudhury, Kaushik
name: Singh, Rajesh K.
name: Kumar, Prasoon
name: Ranjan, Mukesh
name: Srivastava, Atul
name: Kumar, Ajai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple, yet effective method of controlling the size and size distributions of nanoparticles produced as a result of laser ablation of target material is presented. The method employs the presence of physical boundaries on either sides of the ablation site. In order to demonstrate the potential of the method, experiments have been conducted with copper and titanium as the target materials that are placed in two different liquid media (water and isopropyl alcohol). The ablation of the target material immersed in the liquid medium has been carried out using an Nd:YAG laser. Significant differences in the size and size distributions are observed in the cases of nanoparticles produced with and without confining boundaries. It is seen that for any given liquid medium and the target material, the mean size of the nanoparticles obtained with the boundary-fitted target surface is consistently higher than that achieved in the case of open (flat) targets. The observed trend has been attributed to the plausible role(s) of the confining boundaries in prolonging the thermalisation time of the plasma plume. In order to ascertain that the observed differences in sizes of the nanoparticles produced with and without the presence of the physical barriers are predominantly because of the prolonged thermalisation of the plasma plume and not due to the possible formation of oxide layer, select experiments with gold as the target material in water have also been performed. The experiments also show that, irrespective of the liquid medium, the increase in the mean size of the copper-based nanoparticles due to the presence of physical boundaries is relatively higher than that observed in the case of titanium target material under similar experimental conditions.
description: 24 pages, 9 figures, a part of this work has been published in Photonics Prague 2017, (Proc. SPIE 10603, Photonics, Devices, and Systems VII, 1060304) titled "A novel method for fabrication of size-controlled metallic nanoparticles"
MOESM1 of Environmental hazard assessment for polymeric and inorganic nanobiomaterials used in drug delivery
Creators: name: Hauser, Marina
name: Guangyu Li
name: Nowack, Bernd
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Additional tables and figure.
Spacetime metric from linear electrodynamics
Creators: name: Obukhov, Yuri N.
name: Hehl, Friedrich W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Maxwell equations are formulated on an arbitrary (1+3)-dimensional manifold. Then, imposing a (constrained) linear constitutive relation between electromagnetic field $(E,B)$ and excitation $({\cal D},{\cal H})$, we derive the metric of spacetime therefrom.
description: 4 pages' latex-script
Supporting Information from Hidden patterns of codon usage bias across kingdoms
Creators: name: Deng, Yun
name: de Lima Hedayioglu, Fabio
name: Kalfon, Jeremie
name: Chu, Dominique
name: von der Haar, Tobias
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020

description: The genetic code is necessarily degenerate with 64 possible nucleotide triplets being translated into 20 amino acids. 18 out of the 20 amino acids are encoded by multiple synonymous codons. While synonymous codons are clearly equivalent in terms of the information they carry, it is now well established that they are used in a biased fashion. There is currently no consensus as to the origin of this bias. Drawing on ideas from stochastic thermodynamics we derive from first principles a mathematical model describing the statistics of codon usage bias. We show that the model accurately describes the distribution of codon usage bias of genomes in the fungal and bacterial kingdoms. Based on it, we derive a new computational measure of codon usage bias—the distance D capturing two aspects of codon usage bias: (i) Differences in the genome-wide frequency of codons and (ii) apparent non-random distributions of codons across mRNAs. By means of large scale computational analysis of over 900 species across two kingdoms of life, we demonstrate that our measure provides novel biological insights. Specifically, we show that while codon usage bias is clearly based on heritable traits and closely related species show similar degrees of bias, there is considerable variation in the magnitude of D within taxonomic classes suggesting that the contribution of sequence-level selection to codon bias varies substantially within relatively confined taxonomic groups. Interestingly, commonly used model organisms are near the median for values of D for their taxonomic class, suggesting that they may not be good representative models for species with more extreme D, which comprise organisms of medical an agricultural interest. We also demonstrate that amino acid specific patterns of codon usage are themselves quite variable between branches of the tree of life, and that some of this variability correlates with organismal tRNA content.
Task Team Matchup Database Standards: Report to the Science Team Meeting (2020)
Creators: name: Tomazic, Igor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: MDB Task Team

description: Report of the MDB task team to the Science Team in June 2020. Resources: About the TASK TEAM ON MATCHUP DATABASE STANDARDS (MDB-TT) https://www.ghrsst.org/about-ghrsst/task-teams/task-team-on-matchup-database-standards-mdb-tt/ Proceedings of the GHRSST Science Team Meeting 2020: https://zenodo.org/record/4626734
description: The GHRSST Project Office is funded by the European Union (European Commission, EUMETSAT, Copernicus). Web: http://www.ghrsst.org Follow us on Twitter: https://twitter.com/GHRSST
Boundary Regularity of Harmonic maps from $RCD(K,N)$-space to $CAT(0)$-space
Creators: name: Zhang, Hui-Chun
name: Zhu, Xi-Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We establish the boundary regularity of harmonic maps from $RCD(K, N)$ metric measure spaces into $CAT(0)$ metric spaces.
description: 14 pages. 0 figures. We will submit to a journal in Chinese
TAME 2.0: expanding and improving online data science training for environmental health research
Creators: name: Boyles, Rebecca
name: Chappel, Jessie
name: Miller, Sarah L.
name: Reif, David M.
name: Patlewicz, Grace
name: Rager, Julia E.
name: Spring, Allison
name: Koval, Lauren E.
name: Hickman, Elise
name: Jaspers, Ilona
name: Eaves, Lauren A.
name: Ring, Caroline
name: Rider, Cynthia V.
name: Roell, Kyle
name: Fry, Rebecca C.
name: Chou, Chloe K.
name: Kruse, Paul
name: Ward-Caviness, Cavin
name: Payton, Alexis
name: Avenbuan, Oyemwenosa N.
Publisher: name: Frontiers
Year: 2025

description:
Data science training has the potential to propel environmental health research efforts into territories that remain untapped and holds immense promise to change our understanding of human health and the environment. Though data science training resources are expanding, they are still limited in terms of public accessibility, user friendliness, breadth of content, tangibility through real-world examples, and applicability to the field of environmental health science. To fill this gap, we developed an environmental health data science training resource, the inTelligence And Machine lEarning (TAME) Toolkit, version 2.0 (TAME 2.0). TAME 2.0 is a publicly available website that includes training modules organized into seven chapters. Training topics were prioritized based upon ongoing engagement with trainees, professional colleague feedback, and emerging topics in the field of environmental health research (e.g., artificial intelligence and machine learning). TAME 2.0 is a significant expansion upon the original TAME training resource pilot. TAME 2.0 specifically includes training organized into the following chapters: (1) Data management to enable scientific collaborations; (2) Coding in R; (3) Basics of data analysis and visualizations; (4) Converting wet lab data into dry lab analyses; (5) Machine learning; (6) Applications in toxicology and exposure science; and (7) Environmental health database mining. Also new to TAME 2.0 are “Test Your Knowledge” activities at the end of each training module, in which participants are asked additional module-specific questions about the example datasets and apply skills introduced in the module to answer them. TAME 2.0 effectiveness was evaluated via participant surveys during graduate-level workshops and coursework, as well as undergraduate-level summer research training events, and suggested edits were incorporated while overall metrics of effectiveness were quantified. Collectively, TAME 2.0 now serves as a valuable resource to address the growing demand of increased data science training in environmental health research. TAME 2.0 is publicly available at: https://uncsrp.github.io/TAME2/.
Quantification of depth of anesthesia by nonlinear time series analysis of brain electrical activity
Creators: name: Widman, G.
name: Schreiber, T.
name: Rehberg, B.
name: Hoeft, A.
name: Elger, C. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Quantitative Biology (q-bio)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We investigate several quantifiers of the electroencephalogram (EEG) signal with respect to their ability to indicate depth of anesthesia. For 17 patients anesthetized with Sevoflurane, three established measures (two spectral and one based on the bispectrum), as well as a phase space based nonlinear correlation index were computed from consecutive EEG epochs. In absence of an independent way to determine anesthesia depth, the standard was derived from measured blood plasma concentrations of the anesthetic via a pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model for the estimated effective brain concentration of Sevoflurane. In most patients, the highest correlation is observed for the nonlinear correlation index D*. In contrast to spectral measures, D* is found to decrease monotonically with increasing (estimated) depth of anesthesia, even when a "burst-suppression" pattern occurs in the EEG. The findings show the potential for applications of concepts derived from the theory of nonlinear dynamics, even if little can be assumed about the process under investigation.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Correction: Causal analysis for multivariate integrated clinical and environmental exposures data
Creators: name: Schmitt, Patrick L.
name: Fecho, Karamarie
name: Haaland, Perry
name: Sinha, Meghamala
name: Sharma, Priya
name: Krishnamurthy, Ashok
name: Lan, Bo
name: Xu, Hao
name: Ramsey, Stephen A.
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2025

description:
Correction to "Causal analysis for multivariate integrated clinical and environmental exposures data"
title: Komplikationen nach der Anwendung von Mitomycin C bei filtrierenden Operationen – Ein Fallbeispiel
Creators: name: Fischer, Dominik
name: Meller, D.
name: Fuchs, N.
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Hintergrund: Die Trabekulektomie mit intraoperativer Applikation von Mitomycin C als Adjuvans gilt heute als Standardoperation in der adulten Glaukomchirurgie, um das postoperative Risiko einer Sickerkissenvernarbung zu reduzieren. Jedoch ist aufgrund der fibrosehemmenden Eigenschaften von Mitomycin[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 27. Jahrestagung der Regionalgesellschaft der Augenärzte Sachsen-Anhalts und Thüringens e. V.
Fractals in Noncommutative Geometry
Creators: name: Guido, Daniele
name: Isola, Tommaso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46Lxx; 28A80

description: To any spectral triple (A,D,H) a dimension d is associated, in analogy with the Hausdorff dimension for metric spaces. Indeed d is the unique number, if any, such that |D|^-d has non trivial logarithmic Dixmier trace. Moreover, when d is finite non-zero, there always exists a singular trace which is finite nonzero on |D|^-d, giving rise to a noncommutative integration on A. Such results are applied to fractals in R, using Connes' spectral triple, and to limit fractals in R^n, a class which generalises self-similar fractals, using a new spectral triple. The noncommutative dimension or measure can be computed in some cases. They are shown to coincide with the (classical) Hausdorff dimension and measure in the case of self-similar fractals.
description: 15 pages, LaTeX with fic-l.cls at ftp://ftp.ams.org/pub/author-info/packages/fic/amslatex/fic-l.cls To appear in the proceedings of the conference "Mathematical Physics in Mathematics and Physics", Siena 2000
Bembix diversipes F. Morawitz 1889
Creators: name: Mokrousov, M. V.
name: Proshchalykin, M. Yu.
name: Aliyev, Kh. A.
name: Maharramov, M. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Crabronidae
Bembix
Bembix diversipes

description: Bembix diversipes F. Morawitz, 1889
 Bembex diversipes: Handlirsch, 1893b: 712 (Helenendorf [= Goygol]).
description: Published as part of Mokrousov, M. V., Proshchalykin, M. Yu., Aliyev, Kh. A. & Maharramov, M. M., 2019, To the knowledge of digger wasps (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae) of Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan, pp. 1-24 in Far Eastern Entomologist 394 on page 7, DOI: 10.25221/fee.394.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7164650
Intrinsic Spatial Scales of River Stores and Fluxes and Their Relative Contributions to the Global Water Cycle
Creators: name: Frasson, Renato P. M.
name: Collins, Elyssa L.
name: Reager, John T.
name: Gierach, Michelle M.
name: Tom, Manu
name: Lee, Tong
name: Famiglietti, James S.
name: Denbina, Michael
name: Cerbelaud, Arnaud
name: David, Cédric H.
name: Wade, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Year: 2025

description:
The Earth's rivers vary in size across several orders of magnitude. Yet, the relative significance of small upstream reaches compared to large downstream rivers in the global water cycle remains unclear, challenging the determination of adequate spatial resolution for observations. Here, we use monthly simulations of river stores and fluxes to investigate the intrinsic spatial scales of the global river water cycle. We frame these scale‐dependent river dynamics in terms of observational capabilities, assessing how the size of rivers that can be resolved influences our ability to capture key global hydrologic stores and fluxes. By filtering reaches by estimated river widths, we quantify the relative contribution of global river reaches by size and estimate that over 17% of global discharge to ocean and nearly 9% of the world's river storage lies within rivers smaller than 100 m—hence revealing both strengths and limitations of current observational capabilities. Plain Language Summary The world's rivers come in many different sizes, from narrow streams to wide rivers flowing to the ocean. In order to make future plans for how rivers of different sizes should be observed from space, monitored by river gages, or represented in models, we use global simulations of river flow and volume to analyze how small and large rivers contribute to Earth's water cycle. By estimating river widths at all global rivers, we assess if different strategies for observing rivers would accurately capture key river fluxes and stores worldwide. We find that the world's smallest rivers, those narrower than 100 m, contain 9% of global river storage and contribute 17% of global discharge to the ocean, highlighting the need to monitor and model small rivers. Key Points We assess how river spatial scale influences contributions to the global water cycle using long‐term river discharge simulations Rivers narrower than 100 m contribute over 17% of discharge to the global oceans and 9% of global river storage We highlight the importance of accounting for contributions from Earth's small rivers, which may be challenging to accurately observe
Quantum Brownian motion in a quasiperiodic potential
Creators: name: Friedman, Aaron J
name: Vasseur, Romain
name: Lamacraft, Austen
name: Parameswaran, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a quantum particle subject to Ohmic dissipation, moving in a bichromatic quasiperiodic potential. In a periodic potential the particle undergoes a zero-temperature localization-delocalization transition as dissipation strength is decreased. We show that the delocalized phase is absent in the quasiperiodic case, even when the deviation from periodicity is infinitesimal. Using the renormalization group, we determine how the effective localization length depends on the dissipation. We show that {a similar problem can emerge in} the strong-coupling limit of a mobile impurity moving in a periodic lattice and immersed in a one-dimensional quantum gas.
description: 5+6 pages, 1 figure
Two-Electron Quantum Dot in Magnetic Field: Analytical Results
Creators: name: Dineykhan, M.
name: Nazmitdinov, R. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two interacting electrons in a harmonic oscillator potential under the influence of a perpendicular homogeneous magnetic field are considered. Analytic expressions are obtained for the energy spectrum of the two- and three-dimensional cases. Exact conditions for phase transitions due to the electron-electron interaction in a quantum dot as a function of the dot size and magnetic field are calculated.
description: 22 pages (Latex file), 3 Postscript figures, to be published in Phys. Rev.B 55, N 20 (1997)
title: Sickerkissen-Grading-System durch OCT?
Creators: name: Beyer, Liesa
name: Weigel, M.
name: Ehmer, A.
name: Choritz, L.
name: Schuart, C.
name: Thieme, H.
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Hintergrund: Die Trabekulektomie gilt als Standardverfahren der filtrierenden Glaukomchirurgie. Als Hauptursache für das Versagen der Operation wird die hohe postoperative Vernarbungstendenz der Sickerkissen angesehen. Es gibt zahlreiche Versuche dieses Versagen frühzeitig mit Hilfe von Klassifikationssystemen[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 27. Jahrestagung der Regionalgesellschaft der Augenärzte Sachsen-Anhalts und Thüringens e. V.