cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Preparation of pyridazin-3(2H)-one derivatives as PDE4 inhibitors for the treatment of pathological diseases
Creators: name: Aguilar, Nuria
name: Carrascal, Marta
name: Dal Piaz, Vittorio
name: Gracia, Jordi
name: Lumeras, Wenceslao
name: Masdeu, Carme
name: Warrellow, Graham
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005

description: This patent describes pyridazin-3(2H)-one derivatives as new pharmaceutical entities, the processes for their preparation, as well as their corresponding pharmaceutical compositions.  These compounds are potent and selective inhibitors of the enzyme phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) and are therefore useful in the treatment, prevention or suppression of pathological conditions, diseases and disorders known to be susceptible to improvement following inhibition of this enzyme. These would include chronic and acute inflammatory diseases such as asthma, obstructive pulmonary disease, rheumatoid arthritis, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis or irritable bowel disease.

 
description: The main objective of this patent is the synthesis of new potent and selective PDE4 inhibitors that may be an improvement over the PDE4 inhibitors in clinical development described so far. It is known that the clinical development in humans of early PDE4 inhibitors, such as rolipram, has been hampered by the occurrence of side effects such as nausea and vomiting at therapeutic plasma levels. The compounds described in this patent are hydrolysed at the systemic level, so this particular property gives the compounds high local activity and little or no systemic action, avoiding or reducing the risk of unwanted systemic side effects. Furthermore, the compounds of the present invention can also be used in combination with other drugs known to be effective in the treatment of these diseases. For example, they can be used in combination with steroids or immunosuppressive agents. In this case the administration of the compounds allows a reduction of the dose of the other drugs, thus avoiding the occurrence of the unwanted side effects associated with these other drugs.
The Heterogenous Logit Model
Creators: name: Dubin, Jeffrey A.
name: Zeng, Langche
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1991

description: Probabilistic choice systems in the generalized extreme value (GEV) family embody two restrictions not shared by the covariance probit model. First, the unobserved components of random utility are homoscedastic across individuals and alternatives. Second, the degree of similarity among alternatives is also assumed to be constant across individuals. This paper considers extensions to models in the GEV class which relax these two restrictions. An empirical application concerning the demand for cameras is developed to demonstrate the potential significance of the heterogenous logit model.
description: The authors thank David M. Grether and Louis L. Wildefor helpful comments.
description: Submitted - sswp759.pdf
Phyllonorycter Hübner 1822
Creators: name: Kirichenko, Natalia
name: Triberti, Paolo
name: Akulov, Evgeniy
name: Ponomarenko, Margarita
name: Gorokhova, Svetlana
name: Sheiko, Viktor
name: Ohshima, Issei
name: Lopez-Vaamonde, Carlos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Gracillariidae
Phyllonorycter

description: Phyllonorycter sp. 4
Material examined. Russia: SO, Sakhalin Island, Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Gagarin Park, 46.96N, 142.75E, 69 m alt., Alnus hirsuta, 11.VII.2017, 1 larva, NK618, MK 403695, deposited in INRA.
Leaf mine. The mine is similar to Ph. strigulatella and was found on the same trees. Pupation in the mine.
Trophic specialization. Monophagous on Alnus hirsuta (Betulaceae).
Distribution. Russia: RFE—PK.
Remarks. BIN of unknown species—BOLD: ADM1303. In East Asia, eight Phyllonorycter species develop on Alnus, among which five species, besides other hosts, feed on Alnus hirsuta: Ph. hancola (Kumata), Ph. kisoensis Kumata et Park, Ph. longispinata (Kumata), Ph. maculata (Kumata), Ph. strigulatella (Zeller) (De Prins & De Prins 2018). The three other species develop on other alder in East Asia: Ph. ermani (Kumata) (host plant: Alnus maximowiczii, however the main host is Betula), Ph. fruticosella (Kuznetzov) (A. viridis), Ph. takagii (Kumata) (A. japonica). From this list of Alnus -feeding species, only Ph. strigulatella has been barcoded and it shows 3.9% genetic distance from Phyllonorycter sp. 4 (Table 2). Our specimen could be one of these four species— Ph. hancola, Ph. kisoensis, Ph. longispinata, or Ph. maculata.
description: Published as part of Kirichenko, Natalia, Triberti, Paolo, Akulov, Evgeniy, Ponomarenko, Margarita, Gorokhova, Svetlana, Sheiko, Viktor, Ohshima, Issei & Lopez-Vaamonde, Carlos, 2019, Exploring species diversity and host plant associations of leaf-mining micromoths (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in the Russian Far East using DNA barcoding, pp. 1-55 in Zootaxa 4652 (1) on page 31, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4652.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3363475
Cotesia jucunda
Creators: name: Zargar, Mohammad
name: Gupta, Ankita
name: Talebi, Ali Asghar
name: Farahani, Samira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Braconidae
Cotesia
Cotesia jucunda

description: Cotesia jucunda (Marshall, 1885)
Apanteles jucundus Marshall, 1885: 182.
Microgaster nigrinervis Thomson, 1895: 2260.
Material examined
IRAN – Khuzestan Province • 1 ♀; Andika, Doorab; 32°12ʹ23.00″ N, 49°26′37.00″ E; 760 m a.s.l.; 6–20 Mar. 2017; TMUC-HBMC0056 • 1 ♀; Chezi; 32°08ʹ02.78″ N, 49°38′30.56″ E; 650 m a.s.l.; 4–20 May 2016; ICAR-NBAIR/NIM/MICROG/COT/4516 • 2 ♀♀; Lali, Taraz; 32°20ʹ49.70″ N, 49°05′11.31″ E; 390 m a.s.l.; 5–19 May 2017, 5–19 Jun. 2017; TMUC-HBMC0057-0058 • 1 ♀; Dobagh; 31°31ʹ16.14″ N, 49°52′53.00″ E; 688 m a.s.l.; 4–18 May 2016; Malaise trap; citrus orchards; M. Zargar leg.; TMUCHBMC 0059.
Distribution in Iran
Guilan (Ghahari et al. 2012a), Markazi (Ghahari et al. 2011d), Khuzestan (present study).
General distribution
Armenia, Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Ireland, Moldova, Mongolia, Poland, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, Yugoslavia (Yu et al. 2016).
Host records
Lepidoptera: Geometridae (Shenefelt 1972; Capek 1972; Yu et al. 2016), Nymphalidae, Pieridae (Yu et al. 2016).
description: Published as part of Zargar, Mohammad, Gupta, Ankita, Talebi, Ali Asghar & Farahani, Samira, 2019, Three new species and two new records of the genus Cotesia Cameron (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from Iran, pp. 1-25 in European Journal of Taxonomy 571 on page 16, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.571, http://zenodo.org/record/3526880
Phyllonorycter Hübner 1822
Creators: name: Kirichenko, Natalia
name: Triberti, Paolo
name: Akulov, Evgeniy
name: Ponomarenko, Margarita
name: Gorokhova, Svetlana
name: Sheiko, Viktor
name: Ohshima, Issei
name: Lopez-Vaamonde, Carlos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Gracillariidae
Phyllonorycter

description: Phyllonorycter sp. 6
(Figs 13 G–H)
Material examined. Russia: PK, Gornotaezhnoe, forest around MTS, 43.68N, 132.15E, 224 m alt., Acer pseudosieboldianum, 25.VII.2016, 1 larva, NK540, MK 403701, deposited in INRA.
Leaf mine. The mine is a white elongated contracted blotch with three to four folds on the epidermis covering mine, between secondary veins or along leaf margin on the lower side of the leaf (Fig. 13 G–H). Pupation in the mine.
Trophic specialization. Monophagous on Acer pseudosieboldianum (Sapindaceae).
Distribution. Russia: RFE—PK.
Remarks. BIN of unknown species—BOLD: ADF4563. DNA barcode of Phyllonorycter sp. 6 does not no match any Acer -feeding Phyllonorycter species in BOLD. In East Asia, only Ph. orientalis (Kumata) is known to develop on A. pseudosieboldianum (De Prins & De Prins 2018). Phyllonorycter sp. 6 is significantly divergent from Ph. orientalis (7.4% genetic distance) (Table 2). Phyllonorycter sp. 6 may potentially be a new species.
description: Published as part of Kirichenko, Natalia, Triberti, Paolo, Akulov, Evgeniy, Ponomarenko, Margarita, Gorokhova, Svetlana, Sheiko, Viktor, Ohshima, Issei & Lopez-Vaamonde, Carlos, 2019, Exploring species diversity and host plant associations of leaf-mining micromoths (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in the Russian Far East using DNA barcoding, pp. 1-55 in Zootaxa 4652 (1) on page 32, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4652.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3363475
Will Economics Become an Experimental Science?
Creators: name: Plott, Charles R.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1990

description: Economics is becoming a science that is supported by both field research and by laboratory experimental research. The paper explores six events that form the foundation for the growth of modern laboratory experimental methodology.
description: Presidential address for the annual meeting of the Southern Economics Association, New Orleans, November 1990. The research support of the National Science Foundation and the California Institute of Technology Laboratory for Experimental Economics and Political Science is gratefully acknowledged.

Published as Plott, Charles R. "Will economics become an experimental science?." Southern Economic Journal (1991): 901-919.
description: Submitted - sswp758.pdf
A Bayesian Sequential Experimental Study of Learning in Games
Creators: name: El-Gamal, Mahmoud
name: McKelvey, Richard D.
name: Palfrey, Thomas R.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1992
Subjects: Preposterior Analysis, Sequential Sampling, Bayesian Learning, Experimental Design, Game Theory.

description: We apply a sequential Bayesian sampling procedure to study two models of learning in repeated games. The first model is that individuals learn only about an opponent when they play her/him repeatedly, but do not update from their experience with that opponent when they move on to play the same game with other opponents. We label this the non-sequential model. The second model is that individuals use Bayesian updating to learn about population parameters from each of their opponents, as well as learning about the idiosyncrasies of that particular opponent. We call that the sequential model.
We sequentially sample observations on the behavior of experimental subjects in the so called 'centipede game'. This game has the property of allowing for a trade-off between competition and cooperation, which is of interest in many economic situations. At each point in time, the 'state' of our dynamic problem consists of our beliefs about the two models, and beliefs about the nuisance parameters of the two models. Our 'choice' set is to sample or not to sample one more data point, and if we should not sample, which of the models to select. After 19 matches (4 subjects per match), we stop and reject the non-sequential model in favor of the sequential model.
description: Revised version. Original dated to February 1991.

We acknowledge the financial support from NSF grant #SES-9011828 to the California Institute of Technology. We also acknowledge the able research assistance of Mark Fey, Lynell Jackson and Jeffrey Prisbrey in setting up the experiments, recruiting subjects and running the experiments. We acknowledge the help of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and its staff members for giving us access to their Cray XMP/18, and subsequently their Cray YMP2E/116. We thank Gary Lorden for a valuable discussion. We also thank, without implicating, two editors and one associate editor of JASA and three referees for their very careful and useful comments on earlier versions.

Published as El-Gamal, Mahmoud A., Richard D. McKelvey, and Thomas R. Palfrey. "A Bayesian sequential experimental study of learning in games." Journal of the American Statistical Association 88, no. 422 (1993): 428-435.
description: Submitted - sswp757.pdf
The Divergence Between Willingness-To-Pay and Willingness-To-Accept Measures of Value
Creators: name: Hoffman, Elizabeth
name: Spitzer, Matthew L.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1990

description: Do people value commodities more when they own the commodities than when they do not? Although economic models generally presume that economic agents evaluate commodities independently of whether the agents own those commodities or not, an assumption that we term the "basic independence" assumption, researchers in economics and law are starting to doubt that this is true. These doubts about the soundness of the basic independence assumption challenge accepted economic doctrine. Most theoretical and applied models in economics use the basic independence assumption both to predict and assess the operation of markets. And in the relatively new discipline of law and economics, the basic independence assumption produces the Coase Theorem, which is the starting point for much economic analysis of legal rules.
In this paper we present, organize, and critique the modern evidence on the basic independence assumption so as to draw together the learning of the economists and the lawyers. We will first investigate the evidence on the divergence between willingness-to-accept and willingness-to-pay measures of value, and then ask about possible explanations for the evidence. Next, we will explore the implications of the divergence for analysis in law and economics. Last, we will show that although the divergence between willingness-to-accept and willingness-to-pay measures of value may entail substantially limiting the role of cost- benefit analysis, we cannot precisely map those limits without answering some difficult questions about the source of the disparity between willingness-to-accept and willingness-to-pay.
description: We acknowledge the valuable assistance of Brian R. Binger, Linda Cohen, Richard Craswell, John Ledyard, Charles Plott, and Vernon Smith. We thank Bruce Drossman and Chris O'Brien for research assistance.
description: Submitted - sswp755.pdf
Nimravinae TO BARBOUROFELINAE
Creators: name: Peigné, Stephane
name: Bonis, Louis De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2003
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Carnivora
Nimravidae

description: RELATIONSHIPS OF NIMRAVINAE TO BARBOUROFELINAE
A comparison between the juvenile anatomy suggests that the Nimravinae differ from the Barbourofelinae in the ontogeny of the auditory bulla and development of sabretoothed features. Thus, within the Nimravinae, the ectotympanic rotation away from the skull appears markedly earlier during the ontogeny; within the most sabretoothed nimravines, the Hoplophoneini, we did not find a strong correlation between the eruption of the upper canines and development of other sabretoothed features (e.g. mandibular flange) which occurs in the Barbourofelinae (especially Barbourofelis).
It is beyond the scope of this paper to discuss the relationships of the Nimravinae and Barbourofelinae in depth. However, readers can find a careful discussion of this topic in two recent works reporting on discoveries of early barbourofelines (Morales et al., 2001; M. Morlo, S. Peigné & D. Nagel, unpubl. data). We here provide the main conclusions of these works. Thus, Morales et al. (2001) reported on the discovery of barbourofelines from the early Miocene of Africa and Spain. According to these authors, the dental morphology of these specimens suggests that the Miocene Nimravidae (i.e. Barbourofelinae) are not closely related to the Palaeogene Nimravidae (Nimravinae), and that they should be assigned to the Felidae. Morlo et al. (unpubl. data) also reported on a new species of primitive Barbourofelinae from the middle Miocene of Germany, and confirmed the distinction between the two subfamilies. However, on the basis of deep differences in the auditory bulla between barbourofelines and felids, they propose to erect the Barbourofelinae to the family rank.
description: Published as part of Peigné, Stephane & Bonis, Louis De, 2003, Juvenile cranial anatomy of Nimravidae (Mammalia, Carnivora): biological and phylogenetic implications, pp. 477-493 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 138 (4) on page 491, DOI: 10.1046/j.1096-3642.2003.00066.x, http://zenodo.org/record/5437856
Welfare Economics for Tobit Models
Creators: name: Dubin, Jeffrey A.
name: Wilden, Louis L.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1991

description: In this paper we demonstrate the correct calculation of consumer surplus in censored and truncated regression models, focusing on Tobit models. We review a variety of examples from the literature and isolate the nature of the bias associated with the incorrect calculation of consumer surplus in several of them.
description: The authors gratefully acknowledge research support from the Environmental Quality Laboratory at the California Institute of Technology and from Putnam, Hayes, and Bartlett, Inc. Helpful comments made by Charlie Cicchetti and David Grether on an earlier draft are gratefully acknowledged.
description: Submitted - sswp753.pdf
Chrysaster hagicola Kumata 1961
Creators: name: Kirichenko, Natalia
name: Triberti, Paolo
name: Akulov, Evgeniy
name: Ponomarenko, Margarita
name: Gorokhova, Svetlana
name: Sheiko, Viktor
name: Ohshima, Issei
name: Lopez-Vaamonde, Carlos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Gracillariidae
Chrysaster
Chrysaster hagicola

description: Chrysaster hagicola Kumata, 1961
(Figs 14 D–E)
Material examined. Russia: PK, Gornotaezhnoe, forest around MTS, 43.68N, 132.17E, 224 m alt., Lespedeza bicolor, 3.VII.2016, 1 larva, NK551, MK 403724, deposited in INRA.
Leaf mine. The mine is a whitish flat blotch, with a short preceding tunnel that starts nearby the main vein on the upper side of the leaf (Fig. 14D). The frass is attached to the epidermis and the bottom of the mine, making the central part of the mine darker. The larva uses this area as a shelter hiding itself especially when disturbed (Fig. 14E). It vacates the mine through a semicircular slip in the upper epidermis and pupates in an oval cocoon at the leaf margin.
Trophic specialization. Oligophagous on Fabaceae: Lespedeza bicolor, L. cyrtobotrya, Robinia pseudoacacia (De Prins & De Prins 2018).
Distribution. Russia: RFE—PK (Kumata 1963; Baryshnikova 2008); Japan (Kumata 1961), Korea (Kumata et al. 1983), China (Liu et al. 2015).
description: Published as part of Kirichenko, Natalia, Triberti, Paolo, Akulov, Evgeniy, Ponomarenko, Margarita, Gorokhova, Svetlana, Sheiko, Viktor, Ohshima, Issei & Lopez-Vaamonde, Carlos, 2019, Exploring species diversity and host plant associations of leaf-mining micromoths (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in the Russian Far East using DNA barcoding, pp. 1-55 in Zootaxa 4652 (1) on page 33, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4652.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3363475
Soita psiloides Walker 1865
Creators: name: Chen, Xiao-Lin
name: Norrbom, Allen
name: Freidberg, Amnon
name: Chesters, Douglas
name: Islam, Md Sajedul
name: Zhu, Chao-Dong
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tephritidae
Soita
Soita psiloides

description: Soita psiloides Walker, 1865
(Figs.143–150)
Soita psiloides Walker, 1865: 136; Hardy, 1959: 197; Hardy, 1983: 204; Hardy and Foote, 1989: 522; Permkam and Hancock, 1995: 1140 –1142. Type-locality: Indonesia. Salawati I., Irian Jaya. (HT ♂ BMNH).
Diagnosis. Head (Figs. 148–149) entirely yellow to brown, usually lacking dark spots on occiput, frons or face, but 3 of Papua New Guinea specimens with a vague medial dark mark on frons; 1 pair of strong and strap like orbital setae and 2–3 pairs of small frontal setae. Thorax (Fig. 145) entirely yellow to yellow-brown; postpronotal, postalar, dorsocentral, anterior supra-alar, and presutural setae dark brown to black; notopleural, anepisternal, anepimeral and katepisternal setae yellow to yellow-brown. Mid tibia with 3 ventral setae at apex, 2 moderately long, 1 short. Scutellum with 1 pair of setae. Anepisternum and katepisternum without row of short black spines. Wing (Fig. 144) almost hyaline except pterostigma brownish yellow apically and slight infuscation bordering apices of veins R2+3, R4+5 and Cu l. Abdomen (Fig. 147) entirely fulvous. Female with oviscape short, scarcely longer than wide. Aculeus short and thick, with 4 sharp toothlike points at apex, and minute serrations on apical margins (Fig. 150). Three elongate spermathecae. Male genitalia with surstyli short and thick, covered with fine, pale hairs (Fig. 146).
Distribution: Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Australia (northeast Queensland).
Specimens examined: AUSTRALIA: Queensland: Silkwood, nr Innisfail, 30 December 1958, D.K. McAlpine, 1♂ (AMS, No.264547, dissected). PAPUA NEW GUINEA: SE Mamai Pltn., E of port Glasgow, 150m, 10 February 1965, R. Straatman, Light Trap, 1♀ 1 ♂ (BPBM, both dissected); Central P., Lomaricr, 20 September 1981, J.W. Ismay, rainforest 1♀ (BPBM, dissected); East Sepik Province: Amboin patrol Post, Karawari Lodge, February 1983, A. C. Messer, 1 ♂ (USNM).
description: Published as part of Chen, Xiao-Lin, Norrbom, Allen, Freidberg, Amnon, Chesters, Douglas, Islam, Md Sajedul & Zhu, Chao-Dong, 2015, A systematic study of Ichneumonosoma de Meijere, Pelmatops Enderlein Pseudopelmatops Shiraki and Soita Walker (Diptera: Tephritidae), pp. 301-347 in Zootaxa 4013 (3) on page 336, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4013.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/254396
Arbitrage Restrictions Across Financial Markets: Theory, Methodology and Tests
Creators: name: Bossaerts, Peter
name: Hillion, Pierre
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1991

description: The Cox, Ingersoll and Ross [1985a] general equilibrium model is extended by allowing the representative investor to trade in a batch call option market with execution price uncertainty. Necessary restrictions on the execution price uncertainty for the original equilibrium to remain intact are derived. They take the form of moment conditions in the pricing error (defined as the difference between the observed call price and the theoretical call price that would obtain in the absence of execution price uncertainty). The moment conditions can easily be estimated and tested using a version of the Method of Simulation Moments (MSM). In it, simulation estimates, obtained by discretely approximating the risk-neutral processes of the underlying stock price and the interest rate, are substituted for analytically unknown call prices. The asymptotics and other aspects of the MSM estimator are discussed. The model is tested on transaction prices from the Berkeley Options Data Base.
description: Revised version. Original dated to November 1990.

This paper combines and extends results reported in earlier working papers of ours. Comments from several colleagues are gratefully acknowledged. We remain responsible, however, for any remaining mistakes. We thank Carnegie Mellon University and INSEAD for financial support, and the JPL/Caltech Supercomputing Project for computing support.
description: Equation cross-references corrected May 1991.
description: Submitted - sswp751.pdf
The French Rural Communist Electorate in the 1920s and 1930s
Creators: name: Boswell, Laird
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1991

description: One of the original characteristics of French communism has been its durable strength in some rural areas ever since its foundation at the December 1920 Congrès de Tours. Over the past six decades, the Communists have found strong support not only in certain urban, industrial areas but in some of the more rural and backward areas of the country as well. The Communist party's implantation in the countryside–both in terms of militants and voters – has been concentrated among a number of departments along the northern and western edge of the Massif Central, and along the Mediterranean littoral. The first time the Communists were up for national office–in 1924–they scored best not in an urban department but in the overwhelmingly rural Lot-et-Garonne (south-east of Bordeaux) where they gathered over 30% of the valid votes cast. Eight of the eighteen departments where they did best in that year were predominantly rural. By 1 936 the Party's strength in rural areas had increased notably. The Communists received over 20% of the vote in sixteen departments, nine of which can hardly be considered industrial, and in three of these over 60% of the active population was engaged in agriculture. During the interwar years it is estimated that 15% of the Party's members belonged to the agricultural professions. The question which springs to mind, then, is why the Communists have done so well (and continued to do so in the 1980s during a period of vertiginous electoral decline) in rural departments which hardly correspond, from a sociological perspective, to the image one has of the parti de la classe ouvrière?
description: Accepted Version - sswp750.pdf
Laws of Large Numbers for Dynamical Systems with Randomly Matched Individuals
Creators: name: Boylan, Richard T.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1990

description: Biologists and economists have analyzed populations where each individual interacts with randomly selected individuals. The random matching generates a very complicated stochastic system. Consequently biologists and economists have approximated such a system with a deterministic system. The justitication for such an approximation is that the population is assumed to be very large and thus some law of large numbers must hold. This paper gives a characterization of random matching schemes for countably infinite populations. In particular this paper shows that there exists a random matching scheme such that the stochastic system and the deterministic system are the same. Finally, we show that if the process lasts finitely many periods and if the population is large enough then the deterministic model offers a good approximation of the stochastic model. In doing so we make precise what we mean by population, matching process, and evolution of the population.
description: This paper could not have been written without the help of Roko Aliprantis and especially Kim Border. I would also like to thank for their help: Mahmoud El-Gamal, Richard McKelvey, Thomas Wolff. Financial support as provided by the John Randolph Haynes and Dora Haynes Fellowship and the Alfred P. Sloan Dissertation Fellowship and is duly appreciated.

Published as Boylan, Richard T. "Laws of large numbers for dynamical systems with randomly matched individuals." Journal of Economic Theory 57, no. 2 (1992): 473-504.
description: Submitted - sswp748.pdf
HAMZA SHE'RIYATIDA YETAKCHI POETIK OBRAZLAR
Creators: name: Fazilat MAMADALIYEVA
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Annotatsiya. Ushbu maqolada XX asr boshlari badiiy tafakkur tarzini yangilashga hissa qo‘shgan shoir, nosir va dramaturg Hamza Hakimzoda Niyoziy she’riyatiga xos alohida jihatlar va shoirning poetic obrazlari tahlilga tortilgan.

Kalit so‘zlar. An’anaviy obraz, lirik kechinma, syujetli lirika, oshiq, ma’shuqa, raqib, novatorlik, traditsion tamoyil.
New histone deacetylase inhibitors based simultaneously on trisubstituted 1H-pyrroles and aromatic and heteroaromatic spacers.
Creators: name: Cossío, Fernando P.
name: Salazar, Y
name: San Sebastián, E
name: Otaegui, D.
name: Masdeu, C.
name: Aldaba, E.
name: Zubia, A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010

description: The present invention describes compounds derived from conformationally restricted trisubstituted 1H-pyrrole rings linked to the chelating group via aromatic and heteroaromatic groups, their salts, solvates or corresponding prodrugs, as well as processes for their preparation and their use in the treatment of cancer. The compounds described in the patent show inhibitory activity of histone deacetylases (HDACs), in particular those belonging to class I and II, making them useful in the treatment of diseases and disorders that are known to be susceptible to amelioration through HDAC inhibition, such as cancer, inhibiting tumour growth or other processes that halt the development of primary or metastatic tumours.
description: The main objective of this patent is the development of new HDAC inhibitors, which represent an improvement over HDAC inhibitors that are on the market (SAHA and romidepsin, among others) and in clinical development. Likewise, to contribute to the study of the use of drugs directed at epigenetic targets as an alternative to conventional chemotherapy
Allocating Priority with Auctions: An Experimental Analysis
Creators: name: Noussair, Charles N.
name: Porter, David
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1990
Subjects: experimental economics, auctions, assignment, priority pricing, rationing

description: There are many examples of markets where resources that were allocated ex-ante must be rationed ex-post. Two alternative methods of rationing are considered in this paper: priority service (see Chao and Wilson [1987] and Wilson [1989]) and proportional rationing (see Spulber [1989]). An experimental environment is developed in which the two rules are implemented within two well known institutions, the English and the Uniform Price sealed bid Auctions, under two different information conditions. We find that priority service generates more efficient allocations than proportional rationing, the sealed bid auction performed better than the English and that that both mechanisms and rationing rules were more efficient when there was a lack of common information.
description: We would like to thank Daniel Spulber and participants at the Economic Science Association meetings in 1989 for their helpful suggestions. We would especially like to thank John Ledyard for many valuable comments.

Published as Noussair, Charles, and David Porter. "Allocating priority with auctions: an experimental analysis." Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 19, no. 2 (1992): 169-195.
description: Submitted - sswp747.pdf
A new Scopula from mid-Atlantic Ascension Island (Lepidoptera, Geometridae)
Creators: name: Karisch, Timm
name: Kramp, Katja
Publisher: name: Contributions to Entomology = Beiträge zur Entomologie
Year: 2019

description: The authors report the rediscovery of a Scopula species on Ascension Island. After comprehensive comparison work, it was found to be a species new for science. It is described here as Scopula ascensionis spec. nov. Information on the habitat, larva and pupa are given. Taxonomic acts Scopula ascensionis spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:6CA2D311-B23A-4000-9A0A-B0D04EAC27C8
description: Contributions to Entomology = Beiträge zur Entomologie, Vol 69 No 1 (2019)
Equilibrium Enforcement and Compliance in the Presence of Tax Practitioners
Creators: name: Reinganum, Jennifer F.
name: Wilde, Louis L.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1990
Subjects: Taxpaying, Taxes, Tax audits, Fees, Revenue, Income taxes, Net income, Tax noncompliance, Cost functions, Tax revenues

description: We develop a game-theoretic model in which taxpayers, tax practitioners and a tax agency all interact to determine the extent of tax compliance. The model focuses exclusively on the service aspects of third-party assistance. We characterize four types of equilibria, depending on whether taxpayers prefer to use tax practitioners and whether the tax agency prefers them to use tax practitioners. In the empirically relevant case, which occurs when tax practitioner penalties for noncompliance are sufficiently low and the efficiency gains from using practitioners are sufficiently high, the tax agency prefers taxpayers to prepare their own returns, but taxpayers prefer to use a tax practitioner. In this case, the use of a tax practitioner is associated with lower compliance and higher audit rates.
description: This paper is a revision, extension and substantial re-direction of "Tax Practitioners and Tax Compliance," Social Science Working Paper No. 666, California Institute of Technology, March 1988.

We gratefully acknowledge the financial support of National Science Foundation Grants SES-8903157 and SES-8902545 for Reinganum and Wilde, respectively, and thank two referees for helpful comments.

Published as Reinganum, Jennifer F., and Louis L. Wilde. "Equilibrium enforcement and compliance in the presence of tax practitioners." Journal of Law, Economics, & Organization 7, no. 1 (1991): 163-181.
description: Submitted - sswp744.pdf
ВЛИЯНИЕ НИЗКОДОЗНОГО ЛУЧЕВОГО ОБЛУЧЕНИЯ  И УЛЬТРАФИОЛЕТОВОГО ИЗЛУЧЕНИЯ  НА ТЕЧЕНИЕ И ЛЕЧЕНИЕ COVID-19
Creators: name: Т.И. Зиматкина
name: А.С. Александрович
name: А.Р. Якубцевич
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: В статье анализируется влияние низкодозной лучевой терапии и ультрафиолетового излучения на течение и лечение COVID-19. Исследование подчеркивает перспективность низкодозной лучевой терапии в борьбе с воспалительными процессами и пневмонией, вызванными коронавирусом, благодаря ее способности целенаправленно воздействовать на пораженные участки легких и снижать риск мутаций вируса. Также рассматривается использование ультрафиолетового излучения UVC для инактивации патогенов, несмотря на потенциальные риски канцерогенности и катарактогенности. В работе подробно обсуждаются механизмы действия этих методов и их потенциальные преимущества, а также необходимость дальнейших исследований для уточнения профиля безопасности и эффективности. Авторы приходят к выводу, что правильное и контролируемое использование этих методов может значительно снизить распространение COVID-19 и улучшить результаты лечения.
Cameraria niphonica Kumata 1963
Creators: name: Kirichenko, Natalia
name: Triberti, Paolo
name: Akulov, Evgeniy
name: Ponomarenko, Margarita
name: Gorokhova, Svetlana
name: Sheiko, Viktor
name: Ohshima, Issei
name: Lopez-Vaamonde, Carlos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Gracillariidae
Cameraria
Cameraria niphonica

description: Cameraria niphonica Kumata, 1963
(Figs 8E, 14 F–G)
Material examined. Russia: PK, Gornotaezhnoe, forest around MTS, 43.68N, 132.15E, 224 m alt., A. caudatum subsp. ukurundense, 22.VII.2016, 1 larva, NK537, MK 403685,; same location, A. pseudosieboldianum, 25.VII.2016, 1 larva, NK529, MK 403719, deposited in INRA; same location, host and date, 1 male (reared from leaf mine), 109.3 / [1Cn-2016-male] (Fig. 8E), deposited in SIF.
Leaf mine. The mine is a relatively large elongated flat blotch, with a very short preceding epidermal tunnel that usually starts nearby secondary vein on the upper side of the leaf (Fig. 14F). The mine is white (Fig. 14F); an exceptionally dark mine was found on A. caudatum subsp. ukurundense (Fig. 14G). The frass is not granular, like in Phyllonorycter species, but has a tar-like aspect and covers the bottom of the mine. Pupation in mine.
Trophic specialization. Monophagous on Acer: A. barbinerve, A. japonicum, A. palmatum, A. pseudosieboldianum (Sapindaceae) (De Prins & De Prins 2018), A. caudatum subsp. ukurundense (new record).
Distribution. Russia: RFE—PK (Baryshnikova 2008); Japan (Kumata 1963).
description: Published as part of Kirichenko, Natalia, Triberti, Paolo, Akulov, Evgeniy, Ponomarenko, Margarita, Gorokhova, Svetlana, Sheiko, Viktor, Ohshima, Issei & Lopez-Vaamonde, Carlos, 2019, Exploring species diversity and host plant associations of leaf-mining micromoths (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in the Russian Far East using DNA barcoding, pp. 1-55 in Zootaxa 4652 (1) on page 33, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4652.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3363475
title: Criminal Choice, Nonmonetary Sanctions, and Marginal Deterrence: A Normative Analysis
title: Criminal choice, nonmonetary sanctions and marginal deterrence: A normative analysis
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Wilde, Louis L.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1990

description: This paper develops a normative model of optimal sanctions in the Becker Tradition which emphasizes the role of marginal deterrence. The paper complements Shavell's 1987 American Economic Review paper, the essential difference being that Shavell's model concentrates on variations in the sanction imposed within a single category of acts (a specific crime) while the model in this paper concentrates on variations in the sanction imposed across categories of acts (different crimes). In their most general formulations, neither Shavell's model nor the model developed in this paper yields the result that acts with greater social harm should receive greater sanctions. But special cases, which readers may or may not find reasonable, do yield that result, within crimes for both models and across crimes in the model developed in this paper. This paper also identifies the necessary condition of jointness in the cost of law enforcement in the case of comparisons across crimes.
description: Revised version. Original dated to May 1989.

This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (Grant no. SES-8902545). It is adapted in substantial measure from Reinganum and Wilde (1986). I thank Prof. Reinganum for her contributions but she bears no responsibility for opinions or conclusions stated herein, or any errors or shortcomings of the analysis.

Published as Wilde, Louis L. "Criminal choice, nonmonetary sanctions and marginal deterrence: A normative analysis." International review of Law and Economics 12, no. 3 (1992): 333-344.
description: Submitted - sswp743.pdf
Hydroxyphenyl Pyrrole compounds containing Hydroxamic acid as HDAC inhibitors and medicinal applications thereof
Creators: name: Cossío, Fernando P.
name: Vara, Y
name: San Sebastián, E
name: Otaegui, D.
name: Masdeu, C.
name: Aldaba, E.
name: Aginagalde, M.
name: Villafruela, S.
name: Alcala, M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012

description: This patent describes compounds derived from hydroxyphenyl1H-pyrrole rings, the procedure for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same and the use thereof for the treatment and prevention of histone deacetylase (HDAC) mediated conditions such as cancer, haematological malignancies, autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, central nervous system (CNS) diseases such as neurodegenerative diseases and psychiatric disorders, cardiovascular diseases, endocrine and metabolic disorders, through the inhibition of HDACs and the therapeutic use in biological processes related to the aforementioned inhibition.
description: The main objective of the patent is the description of selective HDAC inhibitors. In the company's previous patents, the pyrrole derivatives described showed no or low selectivity for one isoform and were therefore considered to be pan-inhibitors.

There is increasing evidence that selectivity in inhibiting different HDAC isoforms is of general therapeutic interest, selective HDAC inhibitors have the potential to produce fewer off-target effects and, as a consequence, less potential toxicity. Therefore, selective HDAC inhibitors, affecting either a single HDAC isoform (isoform-selective HDACi) or multiple isoforms within a single class (class-selective HDACi) would likely provide a chemotherapy with a more favourable toxicological profile compared to pan inhibitors and probably a greater chance of success in clinical trials and reaching the market.

Thus, these new hydroxyphenylpyrrole derivatives are potent and selective HDAC6 inhibitors, which gives them the advantages described above.
title: RADL-ICF-Skala - International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health - Recreational Activities of Daily Living-Skala (Checklist of Recreational Activities of Daily Living; Freizeitcheckliste; ICF-RADL-37-Skala; RADL Check List)
title: International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health - Recreational Activities of Daily Living Scale
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Linden, M.
Publisher: name: ZPID (Leibniz Institute for Psychology Information) – Testarchiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Klassische Testtheorie
subject: Fragebögen
subject: Rating-Skalen
subject: Freizeit
subject: Alltagsaktivitäten
subject: Hobbies
subject: Erholung (Freizeit)
subject: Aktivitätsniveau
subject: Körperliche Aktivität
subject: Körperliche Leistungsfähigkeit
subject: Fitness-Training
subject: Haushaltsführung
subject: Soziale Interaktion
subject: Psychotherapeutische Prozesse
subject: Erwachsenenalter
subject: Classical Test Theory
subject: Questionnaires
subject: Rating Scales
subject: Leisure Time
subject: Daily Activities
subject: Recreation
subject: Activity Level
subject: Physical Activity
subject: Physical Fitness
subject: Exercise
subject: Household Management
subject: Social Interaction
subject: Psychotherapeutic Processes
subject: Adulthood
subject: 150

description: Die RADL-ICF-Skala erfasst das Spektrum und den Umfang nicht beruflicher und rekreativer Freizeitaktivitäten und kann Änderungen im Aktivitätsniveau im Verlauf einer Therapie erfassen. Die RADL-ICF-Skala wurde in Anlehnung an das bio-psycho-sozialen Modell der Internationalen Klassifikation der Funktionsfähigkeit, Behinderung und Gesundheit (ICF; WHO, 2001) sowie in Anlehnung an die beiden Verfahren NPI Interest Check List und die Pleasant Event Scale entwickelt. Das Verfahren gibt es in drei Versionen: (1) Die RADL-ICF-37-A-Skala hat 37 Items und dient der Erfassung des aktuellen Aktivitätsniveaus. Die Aktivitäten lassen sich in fünf Oberkategorien zusammenfassen: (a) Kulturelle Aktivitäten (k = 9; z. B. Ausflüge/Reisen), (b) Hobbys (k = 7; z. B. Fotografieren), (c) Soziale Aktivitäten (k = 6; z. B. Freunde treffen), (d) Körperliche Aktivitäten (k = 10; z. B. Schwimmen) und (e) Häusliche Aktivitäten (k = 5; z. B. Kochen). (2) Die RADL-ICF-37-E-Skala hat dieselben 37 Items und dient der Erfassung von Aktivitätsänderungen unter Therapie. (3) Die RADL-ICF-20-Skala umfasst nur vier Oberkategorien. Reliabilität: Zur Reliabilität gibt es keine Angaben. Validität: Die Items der RADL-ICF-Skala entsprechen den Kategorien der ICF und können daher als inhaltsvalide angesehen werden. Für jedes Item wird die Kategorie-Nummer aus der ICF genannt. Für die Validität der RADL-ICF-Skala sprechen auch die gefundenen empirischen Ergebnisse.
How to Determine Intent: Lessons from L.A.
Creators: name: Kousser, J. Morgan
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1990

description: In a series of decisions from 1970 to 1980, the United States Supreme Court shifted from an "effect" standard to an "intent" standard in racial and sex discrimination cases. Every step along the road from the Jackson, Mississippi swimming pool closing case' to the Mobile, Alabama city commission case2 was criticized by professors and policymakers. Indeed, the last step was so controversial that Congress overturned the Court's City of Mobile v. Bolden decision in the major amendment to the 1982 Voting Rights Act, allowing plaintiffs in voting rights cases to prevail by proving either a racially discriminatory intent or a racially discriminatory effect.
How much difference has the shift made? Do Supreme Court decisions during the century following the passage of the Fourteenth Amendment in 1868 throw any light on the Court's more recent course? How, exactly, have courts said intent must be proven, and how do their standards comport with logic and normal professional conduct among historians? What sorts of evidence are relevant to proving intent, and why are they relevant? How, in practice, should one go about evaluating hypotheses about the motives of the framers of governmental rules?
The best path to answers to such questions begins, it seems to me, with a detailed examination of one case. In August, 1988, the Mexican American Legal Defense and Educational Fund and the American Civil Liberties Union filed Yolanda Garza et al. v. County of Los Angeles, California in the United States District Court for the Central District of California. Shortly thereafter, the United States Department of Justice instituted a similar suit against the County.
Having testified as a historian and political scientist in six previous federal voting rights cases, I served as an expert witness for MALDEF and the ACLU on the question of whether, in recent years, the supervisorial district lines in Los Angeles county had been drawn with an intent to discriminate against Hispanics. This paper is a revised and much expanded version of the one I presented to the court.
As in other cases, Garza was complex enough to require the attention of a professional historian because no one incident or piece of evidence was, by itself, conclusive. 5 Decided in favor of the plaintiffs by Judge David V. Kenyon on June 4, 1990, Garza deserves detailed attention not only for the light it throws on the general theoretical questions noted above, but also because the record on motivation is extraordinarily rich, because Los Angeles county has one of the largest populations of any jurisdiction ever sued in a voting rights case, and because it is the most important voting rights suit involving Hispanics ever filed.
description: Published as Kousser, J. Morgan (1991) How to Determine Intent: Lessons from L.A. Journal of Law & Politics, 7 . pp. 591-732.
description: Submitted - sswp741.pdf
Pseudocatharylla Bleszynski 1961
Creators: name: Shin, Bora
name: Choi, Sei-Woong
name: Kim, Sung-Soo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Crambidae
Pseudocatharylla

description: Genus Pseudocatharylla Bleszynski, 1961
Type species: Crambus flavoflabellus Caradja, 1925
description: Published as part of Shin, Bora, Choi, Sei-Woong & Kim, Sung-Soo, 2022, Fourteen new records of Crambidae (Lepidoptera) from South Korea, pp. 513-534 in Zootaxa 5159 (4) on page 515, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/6786069
Phyllocnistis Zeller 1848
Creators: name: Kirichenko, Natalia
name: Triberti, Paolo
name: Akulov, Evgeniy
name: Ponomarenko, Margarita
name: Gorokhova, Svetlana
name: Sheiko, Viktor
name: Ohshima, Issei
name: Lopez-Vaamonde, Carlos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Gracillariidae
Phyllocnistis

description: Phyllocnistis sp. 1
(Fig. 14H)
Material examined. Russia: PK, Gornotaezhnoe, forest around MTS, 43.68N, 132.17E, 224 m alt., Salix sp., 23.VII.2016, 1 larva, NK595, MG 191427, deposited in INRA.
Leaf mine. The mine is a long relatively slender whitish epidermal tunnel, slightly wavy, usually starting at the leaf tip and proceeding along the main vein, on the lower side of the leaf (Fig. 14H). The growing mine increases in width insignificantly. Pupation in the mine, in the cocoon, near the leaf margin on the lower side (Fig. 14H).
Trophic specialization. Monophagous on Salix sp. (Salicaceae).
Distribution. Russia: RFE—PK.
Remarks. BIN of unknown species—BOLD: ADF2906. Overall, only two Salix -feeding Phyllocnistis are known in East Asia: Ph. gracilistylella Kobayashi, Jinbo et Hirowatari and Ph. saligna (Zeller) (De Prins & De Prins 2018). Other three species that develop on Salix, occurs in the western part of the Palearctic: Ph. canariensis Hering, Ph. ramulicola Langmaid et Corley and Ph. valentinensis Hering (De Prins & De Prins 2018). The DNA barcode sequence of Phyllocnistis sp. 1 does not match any of these species. The closest neighbor, with 4.9% divergence, is Ph. valentinensis from Austria, followed by Ph. gracilistylella from Japan, 6.4% (Table 2). Other three species are significantly genetically distant from Phyllocnistis sp. 1, i.e.> 12.9 % (Table 2). Phyllocnistis sp. 1 is a putative new species to science. It was mentioned in our recent study (Kirichenko et al. 2018a).
description: Published as part of Kirichenko, Natalia, Triberti, Paolo, Akulov, Evgeniy, Ponomarenko, Margarita, Gorokhova, Svetlana, Sheiko, Viktor, Ohshima, Issei & Lopez-Vaamonde, Carlos, 2019, Exploring species diversity and host plant associations of leaf-mining micromoths (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) in the Russian Far East using DNA barcoding, pp. 1-55 in Zootaxa 4652 (1) on page 39, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4652.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3363475