cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Image Analysis Approach To Distinguish Lobular Structures In The Mammary Gland From Well-Differentiated Breast Cancer With Tubule Formation
Creators: name: Grote, Anne
name: Schaadt, N. S.
name: Feuerhake, F.
Publisher: name: Diagnostic Pathology
Year: 2016

description: Introduction/ Background
Automated detection of diagnostically relevant regions of interest (ROI) is one of the major challenges in medical image analysis. In digital pathology using whole slide images (WSI), the detection of certain biological structures is necessary, because the capacity for analysis of cells and subcellular structures at high resolution is limited by available processing time and computational power. For some applications it is also important to exclude irrelevant or misleading components of the image. One important challenge of this type is well differentiated (low-grade/G1) breast cancer.
Aims
We aim at automatically distinguishing non-malignant lobular tissue from well-differentiated breast cancer to avoid erroneous evaluation of normal tissue in the detection of nuclear hormone receptor expression. A second goal of lobule detection is to exclude inflammation of non-malignant pre-existing structures from tumor immune cell scoring of breast cancer in oncoimmunology.
Methods
Two approaches for lobule detection were applied: The first includes modules of own image analysis algorithms developed specifically for lobule detection combined with elements of a commercially available software platform (Definiens Developer®), and the second is a software package optimized for use with a multispectral camera system (Inform, Perkin-Elmer ®). Breast cancer samples were stained for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and the lymphocyte marker CD8. The first approach starts with a texture-based supervised classification to detect lobule candidate regions and uses a nuclear density image to refine the candidate regions. The second approach uses a supervised machine learning method whose features and algorithm are not disclosed to the user. Manual annotations of lobular tissue by expert pathologists were used for evaluation of results.
Results
The accuracy of distinction between cancer areas and lobular structures decreased in cases with prominent glandular differentiation of the tumor. The major challenge was the separation of well-differentiated (G1) breast cancer with consistent hormone receptor expression from adjacent lobular areas. The second approach performed well on high-grade tumors and had advantages regarding speed and its convenient user interface. The modular first approach was superior on ER and PR images and successfully detected lobular areas even if the anatomical structure was disrupted by inflammation of infiltrating cancer cells. We conclude that modular approaches considering image context and allowing specific adjustments to the tissue of interest may be needed to overcome current limitations of automated ROI detection in clinical biopsy materials.
description: Diagnostic Pathology, Vol 1 No 8 (2016): 13. European Congress on Digital Pathology
An analytical law for size effects on thermal conductivity of nanostructures
Creators: name: Zhou, X. W.
name: Reese, R. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermal conductivity of a nanostructure is sensitive to its dimensions. A simple analytical scaling law that predicts how conductivity changes with the dimensions of the structure, however, has not been developed. The lack of such a law is a hurdle in "phonon engineering" of many important applications. Here, we report an analytical scaling law for thermal conductivity of nanostructures as a function of their dimensions. We have verified the law using very large molecular dynamics simulations.
Copyright & Libraries What have been the big changes in copyright since 2012?
Creators: name: Tiessen, Robert
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Library & Information Science
subject: Copyright

description: An overview of the changes in Canadian copyright since 2012 and how they affect libraries. Examines the Copyright Modernization Act; Alberta vs. Access Copyright; the Ongoing Strife between Access Copyright and Education.
The Role of the ArcA Metabolic Regulator in Gram-Negative Bacteremia
Creators: name: Brown, Aric
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: bacteremia
subject: two-component regulatory systems
subject: metabolic regulation
subject: Gram-negative pathogenesis
subject: ArcAB
subject: Microbiology and Immunology
subject: Science

description: Infections of the bloodstream are life-threatening and can result in sepsis. Gram-negative bacteria cause a significant portion of bloodstream infections, which is also referred to as bacteremia. The long-term goal of this work is to understand how such bacteria establish and maintain infection during bacteremia. Our research group has previously identified the transcription factor ArcA, which promotes fermentation in bacteria, as a likely contributor to the growth and survival of bacteria in this environment. Here, I study ArcA in the Gram-negative species Citrobacter freundii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Serratia marcescens and demonstrate that this transcription factor which represses aerobic respiration is necessary when cells encounter decreased oxygen levels, iron limitation, and perturbations to the membrane. Based on the requirement of ArcA, I hypothesized pathways underpinning aerobic respiration would be dispensable for these species during bacteremia but necessary for Escherichia coli for which ArcA is not a bacteremia fitness factor. Expendability of ubiquinone synthesis, a key pathway of aerobic respiration, did not correlate with essentiality of ArcA during bacteremia, suggesting that ArcA function does not necessitate absence of aerobic respiration and further species-specific metabolic activity needs to be explored. My findings overall aid in determining how bacteria sense their environment, utilize nutrients, and generate energy while countering the host immune system. This information is critical for understanding how ArcA promotes fitness during pathogenesis.
Essays in Energy and Environmental Economics
Creators: name: Yassin, Kareman
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2023
Subjects: energy economics
environmental economics
peer effects
conditional demand analysis
grid decarbonization
energy savings
residential sector
behavioral economics

description: This dissertation employ applied microeconomics techniques with a specific emphasis on behavioral dynamics within the realms of energy and environmental economics. In Chapter one, we investigates the impact of outdoor temperature on productivity in the service sector, using data from the India Human Development Survey. Our findings suggest a precisely estimated zero effect on interview duration, ruling out significant productivity impacts. In Chapter two, we employs a conditional demand analysis on a Canadian electricity consumer data set, highlighting the effectiveness of local heat pumps and thermostat setbacks for electricity savings. Results also reveal trends favoring newer homes in electricity consumption decline. In Chapter three, I study the causal relationship of spatial peer effects from Canada's largest home energy efficiency retrofit program on energy consumption. My results show that close neighbors to energy efficiency retrofitted homes experience a significant reduction in monthly natural gas and electricity consumption. Moreover, visible retrofits, such as windows and doors, significantly impact peer energy savings compared to less visible retrofits.
Visualization of nano-plasmons in graphene
Creators: name: Dahal, Hari
name: Muniz, Rodrigo A.
name: Haas, Stephan
name: Graf, Matthias J.
name: Balatsky, Alexander V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study localized plasmons at the nanoscale (nano-plasmons) in graphene. The collective excitations of induced charge density modulations in graphene are drastically changed in the vicinity of a single impurity compared to graphene's bulk behavior. The dispersion of nano-plasmons depends on the number of electrons and the sign, strength and size of the impurity potential. Due to this rich parameter space the calculated dispersions are intrinsically multidimensional requiring an advanced visualization tool for their efficient analysis, which can be achieved with parallel rendering. To overcome the problem of analyzing thousands of very complex spatial patterns of nano-plasmonic modes, we take a combined visual and quantitative approach to investigate the excitations on the two-dimensional graphene lattice. Our visual and quantitative analysis shows that impurities trigger the formation of localized plasmonic excitations of various symmetries. We visually identify dipolar, quadrupolar and radial modes, and quantify the spatial distributions of induced charges.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
Educational leadership, school commercialism, and neoliberal policy : understanding elementary school principals’ decision-making
Creators: name: Issel, Bradley
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study explores how school principals in elementary settings are positioned within an education context heavily influenced by the discourses and policies of neoliberalism. By targeting principals’ decision-making on school commercialism, I analyze the impact market ideologies are having in shaping principals’ understandings of their roles and identities in public education. Using a qualitative research design, I interviewed seven elementary school principals in a school district in British Columbia, Canada. The key results of this study indicate that principals are in states of “cognitive dissonance” (Festinger, 1957) as they struggle to clarify the possible or actual impacts of school commercialism on pedagogy and the management of schools. Principals express a need for stringent regulatory district policy to monitor and control partnerships between schools and corporations. In addition, principals’ positioning towards dominant neoliberal consumer discourses is diverse as they enact and describe their decision-making on school commercialism. Thus, principals cannot be positioned as fully resistant to, or reproducing of, neoliberal consumer discourses. The majority of principals seek to make compromises between their philosophy of education and any perceived consequences with corporate involvement in their schools. I conclude that notions of critical leadership may be the impetus needed to resist discursive power contexts associated with market ideologies and neoliberal policies. I have used pseudonyms to protect the identity of the people and places involved in this study.
Novel Analytical and Methodological Approaches to Preclinical Knowledge Synthesis in Stroke
Creators: name: Sharif, Ayni
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2023
Subjects: Stroke

description: This thesis explores opportunities to bridge the gap between preclinical and clinical research in stroke through the conduct of three studies: a Network Meta-Analysis (NMA) and systematic review of preclinical stroke therapies, a systematic review and meta-analysis of C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) antagonists co-designed with patient partners, and an assessment of patient engagement in the systematic review process. The first study identifies a number of potential therapies while also underlining the challenges in their translation to human trials. The second investigation highlights the promising efficacy of CCR5 antagonists in preclinical models and notes existing gaps towards demonstrating clinical effectiveness. The final study focusses on the integration of patient perspectives, revealing the potential to align research with patient relevant outcomes. Collectively, the work highlights the importance of methodological rigour, transparent reporting, and patient engagement in enhancing the relevance and translatability of preclinical findings to clinical practice in stroke research.
Ethnic minority parental participation in elementary school : looking for democratic, educational practice
Creators: name: Parhar, Anita
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: For over three decades, much of the research literature examining the involvement of ethnic minority parents in their children’s school and education has promoted a school-centred approach to parent involvement. This approach considers parents as being involved if they, for example, read to their children at home, supervise homework activities, volunteer in the school, attend parent advisory council meetings, supervise class fieldtrips, attend parent-teacher conferences, and attend the annual school open house. I contend that such an approach actually contributes to the reproduction, rather than reduction, of inequalities in schooling for ethnic minority children. Using Jurgen Habermas’ conceptualization of democracy and the theory of communicative action, this study critiques efforts to involve ethnic minority parents in their children’s schooling. Part of this critique is based on historical research and part on empirical research. Through historical research, I examine the involvement of Aboriginal, Chinese-Canadian, Japanese-Canadian, and Indo-Canadian parents both in their children’s education and in British Columbia schools. I further examine school policies and practices of parental involvement. A qualitative case study design and ethnographic techniques of document analysis, semi-structured interviews, and participant observation, are used to explore teaching staff conceptualizations and practices of ethnic minority parental involvement in education in one public, multi-ethnically populated, elementary school in greater Vancouver, British Columbia. Through empirical research I describe the actions of ethnic minority parents as being strategically coordinated by many of the teaching staff through their daily practices and adherence to provincial, district, and school policies. While my research shows how parents and their concerns are systematically absorbed into the norms and structures of schooling. I also indicate that this might be remedied with outbreaks of democracy. As such, my empirical research affirms the usefulness of Habermas’ theory of communicative action for democratic education. It further points to the legitimacy of Young’s critique of Habermas. The findings have particular implications for administrators, teachers, and support staff as they illustrate the need for school-based educators to combat dominant school-centred practices of parental involvement and challenge the instrumental rationality underpinning the Ministry of Education‘s administrative and economic support of parent involvement.
A note on relative equilibria of multidimensional rigid body
Creators: name: Izosimov, Anton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 70E15, 37J35

description: It is well known that a rotation of a free generic three-dimensional rigid body is stationary if and only if it is a rotation around one of three principal axes of inertia. As it was noted by many authors, the analogous result is true for a multidimensional body: a rotation is stationary if and only if it is a rotation in the principal axes of inertia, provided that the eigenvalues of the angular velocity matrix are pairwise distinct. However, if some eigenvalues of the angular velocity matrix of a stationary rotation coincide, then it is possible that this rotation has a different nature. A description of such rotations is given in the present paper.
Analysis of a Nature Inspired Firefly Algorithm based Back-propagation Neural Network Training
Creators: name: Nandy, Sudarshan
name: Sarkar, Partha Pratim
name: Das, Achintya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Optimization algorithms are normally influenced by meta-heuristic approach. In recent years several hybrid methods for optimization are developed to find out a better solution. The proposed work using meta-heuristic Nature Inspired algorithm is applied with back-propagation method to train a feed-forward neural network. Firefly algorithm is a nature inspired meta-heuristic algorithm, and it is incorporated into back-propagation algorithm to achieve fast and improved convergence rate in training feed-forward neural network. The proposed technique is tested over some standard data set. It is found that proposed method produces an improved convergence within very few iteration. This performance is also analyzed and compared to genetic algorithm based back-propagation. It is observed that proposed method consumes less time to converge and providing improved convergence rate with minimum feed-forward neural network design.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures, Published with International Journal of Computer Applications (IJCA)
Experimental Determination of the Lorenz Number in Cu0.01Bi2Te2.7Se0.3 and Bi0.88Sb0.12
Creators: name: Lukas, K. C.
name: Liu, W. S.
name: Joshi, G.
name: Zebarjadi, M.
name: Dresselhaus, M. S.
name: Ren, Z. F.
name: Chen, G.
name: Opeil, C. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nanostructuring has been shown to be an effective approach to reduce the lattice thermal conductivity and improve the thermoelectric figure of merit. Because the experimentally measured thermal conductivity includes contributions from both carriers and phonons, separating out the phonon contribution has been difficult and is mostly based on estimating the electronic contributions using the Wiedemann-Franz law. In this paper, an experimental method to directly measure electronic contributions to the thermal conductivity is presented and applied to Cu0.01Bi2Te2.7Se0.3, [Cu0.01Bi2Te2.7Se0.3]0.98Ni0.02, and Bi0.88Sb0.12. By measuring the thermal conductivity under magnetic field, electronic contributions to thermal conductivity can be extracted, leading to knowledge of the Lorenz number in thermoelectric materials.
Interference between competing pathways in harmonic generation
Creators: name: Brown, A. C.
name: Hutchinson, S.
name: Lysaght, M. A.
name: van der Hart, H. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the influence of the autoionizing 3s3p(6)nl resonances on the fifth harmonic generated by 200 - 240 nm laser fields interacting with Ar. To determine the influence of a multi-electron response we have developed capability within time dependent R-matrix theory to determine the harmonic spectra generated. The fifth harmonic is affected by interference between the response of a 3s electron and the response of a 3p electron, as demonstrated by the asymmetric profiles in the harmonic yields as functions of wavelength.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables
Structure, Function, And Predictive Diagnosis Algorithms
Creators: name: Kayser, Klaus
name: Borkenfeld, Stephan
name: Carvalho, Rita
name: Kayser, Gian
Publisher: name: Diagnostic Pathology
Year: 2016

description: Introduction/ Background
Background: Predictive diagnosis (PD) is a component of tissue based diagnosis. It is based upon immunohistochemical (IHC) and molecular genetic (MG) measurements of structures and functions. It predicts the outcome of individual cancer treatment.
Aims
To develop computerized analysis of microscopic images in relation to prognosis evaluation of cancer patients.
Methods
Theory: Structures are related to object – associated visual information that remains constant within the period of observation. Functions display with changes either in relation to contemporary structures or to the background or to both. Structures are usually visible in hierarchical spatial order, functions in both spatial and time oriented order. Functions usually alter or destroy one or several structures at a certain order which might cause the breakdown of the whole system, especially if higher order structures are involved. In microscopy the idea can be mapped on the diagnostic sequence that starts with conventional diagnosis (adenocarcinoma) followed by IH (receptor expression, EGFR), and ends with MG (k-ras). PD can be automatically derived from analysis of digitized images; and of potential (therapeutic) interactions between the different images (steps). The sequence results in:
• Analysis of image quality, and evaluation of regions of interest (ROI).
• Assessment of an automated conventional diagnosis.
• Analysis of IH expression and quantification.
• Analysis of intra-cellular pathways either by IH or fluorescent techniques.
• Analysis of therapeutic interactions and evaluation of prognosis.
Results
Interpretation and Experiences: Image quality evaluation and standardization are mandatory to assure constant quality and reproducibility of the analysis results, such as ROI finding, colour intensity, diagnosis assessment, and IH quantification. The automated investigation of MG pathways and the final PD classification are not problematic. Each component contributes to potential interaction (drug regime), which all together add to evaluate the patient’s prognosis. Perspectives: Graph theory defining nodes by structure and edges by function seems to be an adequate tool to construct an algorithm, which can be embedded in an open access data banks of individually tuned predictive diagnosis systems.
description: Diagnostic Pathology, Vol 1 No 8 (2016): 13. European Congress on Digital Pathology
Evolution And Revolution In Contemporary Pathology
Creators: name: Duglio, Giampiero
Publisher: name: Diagnostic Pathology
Year: 2016

description: Introduction/ Background
Cloud Pathology Group participated in the XI European Congress on Telepathology presenting the results of its great “in vitro research” about the use of HTS scanners in surgical pathology and in the XII European Congress on Digital Pathology presenting the preliminary results of its “in vivo research” done at the Busto Arsizio Multihospital Pathology Department, ended on June 30,2015.
Aims
The aim of this abstract is to complete the Paris presentation and to highlight the conclusions of the three years and a half research work on the application of digital pathology in surgical activities. These conclusions became the base of the CPG software prototype (digital suite) put on the market by the Company.
Methods
The methods applied during the “in vitro research” and the “in vivo research” were described in 2012 and 2014 presentations. Afterwards, the work done consists in
• defining of specific tests to be executed on surgical specific diagnoses,
• defining the expected results of the tests,
• tests execution and validation of results,
• comparing expected and effective results,
• defining an evaluating the deviations
• defining how to proceed further.

This Loup method was applied n times until a definitive specific conclusion was found.
Results
There is no evidence that digital diagnoses present more risks than the microscopes’ ones. The costs per diagnosis increase due to new investments and new running costs, however the level of the increase depends on the organizational model adopted. The higher is the volume of the slides treated, the lower are the costs per diagnosis. The higher is the standardization of the slides that the Laboratory produces, the higher is the accuracy of the diagnosis. The greater is the number of the pathologists involved in the network entitled to a diagnosis, the higher is the accuracy of the diagnosis (side effect of the specialization). The second opinion solution is a slow process; it is better to produce the diagnosis by involving more pathologists in the same process in the same time (collaborative diagnosis). The Data Base on work’ tracking is the main requirement for the quality control procedure, for the evaluation process of the professional skills and for the work assignments. The electronic repository of the images instead of the physical stock of slides cuts relevant costs. The organization of Data Base, its flexibility and its multi-proprietary approach are the keys of the quality of the entire solution. At all, digital pathology is a total change process. The fundamentals of its success are:
• clear comprehension of the organizational effects to be put on place,
• massive educational programs on new technologies and on change management, for pathologist, technicians and therapists,
• strong change management assistance,
• coherent behaviour in all people involved.
description: Diagnostic Pathology, Vol 1 No 8 (2016): 13. European Congress on Digital Pathology
Supplementary Material: Text from Branching principles of animal and plant networks identified by combining extensive data, machine learning and modelling
Creators: name: Brummer, Alexander Byers
name: Lymperopoulos, Panagiotis
name: Shen, Jocelyn
name: Tekin, Elif
name: Bentley, Lisa P.
name: Buzzard, Vanessa
name: Gray, Andrew
name: Oliveras, Imma
name: Enquist, Brian J.
name: Savage, Van M.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Computational Biology
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Text file containing content on (a) classifier methods (b) feature space selection (c) normalizing results from classifier methods (d) derivation of exact metabolic scaling exponent formula (e) derivation of curvature in metabolic rate versus mass and (f) kernel density estimation results
Scaling of Volumetric Data in Model Systems Based on the Lennard-Jones Potential
Creators: name: Grzybowski, Andrzej
name: Koperwas, Kajetan
name: Paluch, Marian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The crucial problem for better understanding the nature of glass transition and related relaxation phenomena is to find proper interrelations between molecular dynamics and thermodynamics of viscous systems. To gain this aim the recently observed density scaling of viscous liquid dynamics has been very intensively and successfully studied for last years. However, previous attempts at related scaling of volumetric data yielded results inconsistent with those found from the density scaling of molecular dynamics. In this Letter, we show that volumetric data obtained from simulations in simple molecular models based on the Lennard-Jones (LJ) potential, such as Kob-Andersen binary liquids and the Lewis-Wahnström o-terphenyl model, can be scaled by using the same value of the exponent, which scales dynamic quantities and is directly related to the exponent of the repulsive inverse power law that underlies short-range approximations of the LJ potential.
Net-charge probability distributions in heavy ion collisions at chemical freeze-out
Creators: name: Braun-Munzinger, P.
name: Friman, B.
name: Karsch, F.
name: Redlich, K.
name: Skokov, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore net charge probability distributions in heavy ion collisions within the hadron resonance gas model. The distributions for strangeness, electric charge and baryon number are derived. We show that, within this model, net charge probability distributions and the resulting fluctuations can be computed directly from the measured yields of charged and multi-charged hadrons. The influence of multi-charged particles and quantum statistics on the shape of the distribution is examined. We discuss the properties of the net proton distribution along the chemical freeze-out line. The model results presented here can be compared with data at RHIC energies and at the LHC to possibly search for the relation between chemical freeze-out and QCD cross-over lines in heavy ion collisions.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures
Remote and unresearched : a contextualized study of non-Indigenous educational leaders working in Yukon Indigenous communities
Creators: name: Blakesley, Simon C.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study engages in a critical analysis of the lived experiences of non-Indigenous educational leaders working in Indigenous communities in the Yukon Territory, Canada. It sheds light on the epistemic and cross-cultural tensions underpinning much of the literature on educational leadership, and aims to address Walker and Dimmock’s (2000) concern that studies of comparative education have been generally absent from educational leadership and management, thereby limiting the available body of knowledge specific to culture and leadership. The study focuses on five questions: How do non-Indigenous Yukon principals construct their professional identity and their role as educational leaders? How do they construct their notions of educational leadership and practice? Given the Yukon’s distinct governance and policy contexts, how do they construct understandings of ‘indigeneity’ in relation to local Indigenous culture? How do they address the tensions arising at the juncture of policies imported from outside the Yukon and the Yukon Education Act (1990)? A critical ethnographic research approach is used to shed light upon these questions. Extensive semi-structured interviews with two male and two female participants in four Yukon schools are conducted. Detailed observations create unique ‘portraits’ of each school and their principals. Pertinent documents are also examined to provide further information and context. This examination suggests that non-Indigenous Yukon principals are caught at the center of micro (school), meso (community), and macro (government) operational and policy levels that powerfully shape their professional identities and their perceptions of their roles as principals. While referred to as ‘educational leaders’ by the extant body of literature and governments, they do not use this term in their identity constructions. Trapped betwixt and between their schools, communities, and government policies in a fragmented Yukon educational field, instead they refer to themselves in managerial and administrative ways as they juggle educational ends mandated by distinct, and somewhat competing, jurisdictions. This study presents another lens through which to examine educational leadership, and offers insights into the use of ethnographic methods as a powerful research tool. Based on these contributions, this study should be informative to current and future practitioners and scholars of education and educational leadership.
Examining the Relationship Between Community-Based Support Services Use and Mental Health in Black Family Caregivers of Persons Living with Dementia
Creators: name: Johnson, Florence
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Black Family Dementia Caregivers
subject: Community Support Services
subject: Disparities
subject: Mental Health
subject: Stress depression anxiety
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Health Sciences

description: Background: Without remuneration or training, spouses, family members, and friends provide 83% of dementia patients' basic personal care. Caring for a person living with dementia is stressful and can negatively impact the caregiver's health. Caregiver stress is a major issue for Black family caregivers. Black family caregivers' stress-related mental health issues can be addressed through community support services (CSS) such as support groups, help-seeking, respite, and dementia training. CSS can help the person living with dementia and their community-dwelling caregivers delay or avoid institutionalization and stay safe in their homes. This study examines how using CSS affects Black family caregivers' mental health. Framework: The study utilized Pearlin’s caregiver stress model to guide the analysis, highlighting the importance of support services in moderating the relationship between stress and mental health outcomes. Method: This mixed-method study used logistic regression, bivariate, and multivariate models to analyze the nationally representative 2015 NHATS Round 5 and NSOC Rd II datasets (n= 2,204) caregivers using Stata 17. The RaDAR method was used to analyze and develop themes from the focus group (n=6) participant interview. Results/Conclusion: One-quarter (25%) of the Black caregivers reported feeling anxious and over a fifth (23%) reported feeling depressed. Fewer than 5% of the dementia caregivers participated in support groups: only 7% received training. Regardless of dementia classification, neighborhood cohesion is lower for both White and Black caregivers. The results suggest that Black caregivers may be experiencing more anxiety and depression than their White counterparts. Further, there was no distinction between Black and White family caregiver stress or use of support services. The focus group (n = 6) participants validated the quantitative findings that Black caregivers are less likely to use CSS, particularly respite and support groups. The focus group participants reported that financial constraints and lack of free time were the main barriers to support group and respite use.
Towards accurate open cluster masses and mass functions with Gaia
Creators: name: Anders, Friedrich
name: Župić, Andrija
name: Castro-Ginard, Alfred
name: Almeida, Duarte
name: Donada, Judit
name: Moreira, Sandro
name: Jordi, Carme
name: Moitinho, André
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Accurate mass determinations for open clusters (OCs) are essential for studying star formation as well as OC dissolution processes. We review the recent literature with regards to the census of open cluster masses and present-day mass functions, with a special focus on recent attempts at constructing extensive samples of OC mass estimates with Gaia. We show that it is possible to reliably estimate masses for more than 2000 OCs within 2 kpc and fit their mass functions where possible (including the effect of unresolved binaries). Our analyses are in general agreement with previous Gaia studies of smaller samples, and indicate that the mass-function break shifts towards higher masses as the cluster ages. We also show that the complex selection function of the Gaia OC census is the main missing ingredient for tighter measurements of the cluster formation and destruction rates in the solar vicinity.
Efficient community-based control strategies in adaptive networks
Creators: name: Yang, Hui
name: Tang, Ming
name: Zhang, Hai-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most researches on adaptive networks mainly concentrate on the properties of steady state, but neglect transient dynamics. In this study, we pay attention to the emergence of community structures in transient process and the effects of community-based control strategies on epidemic spreading. First, by normalizing modularity $Q$, we investigate the evolution of community structures during the transient process, and find that very strong community structures are induced by rewiring mechanism in the early stage of epidemic spreading, which remarkably delays the outbreaks of epidemic. Then we study the effects of control strategies started from different stages on the prevalence. Both immunization and quarantine strategies indicate that it is not "the earlier, the better" for the implementing of control measures. And the optimal control effect is obtained if control measures can be efficiently implemented in the period of strong community structure. For immunization strategy, immunizing the S nodes on SI links and immunizing S nodes randomly have similar control effects. Yet for quarantine strategy, quarantining the I nodes on SI links can yield far better effects than quarantining I nodes randomly. More significantly, community-based quarantine strategy plays more efficient performance than community-based immunization strategy. This study may shed new lights on the forecast and the prevention of epidemic among human population.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Discovery of Novel Natural Products that Inhibit Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 4E (eIF4E) Protein-Protein Interactions
Creators: name: Zhuang, Yihao
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Natural Product
subject: eIF4E Protein-Protein Interactions
subject: Electronic Circular Dichroism (ECD)
subject: NMR/DP4+
subject: Phenazines
subject: Chemistry
subject: Science

description: In critically fatal diseases like cancer, the regulation of gene expression at the level of cap-dependent translation (CDT) initiation is crucial for tumor initiation and progression. The protein-protein interactions (PPIs) between eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E), eIF4E- binding protein (4EBP1), and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4G (eIF4G) regulate the initiation of CDT. As a result, they are therapeutic targets of interest. While small molecule inhibitors of eIF4E PPIs have been reported, these compounds exhibit modest potency and cellular target engagement remains to be demonstrated. Thus, we were driven to identify new scaffolds for inhibiting eIF4E PPIs. Natural products have been invaluable sources of drug-like and lead-like molecules for developing front-line therapeutics against cancer, microbial infection, and parasites. We utilized our catalytic enzyme-linked click chemistry assay (cat-ELCCA) technology to perform a high-throughput screen (HTS) against full-length eIF4E PPIs using a marine natural product extract library (>34000 extracts). From this effort, we isolated monophenazine- and diphenazine-based natural products as inhibitors of eIF4E PPIs from an active strain Streptomyces papuanewguineus, leading to the discovery of a novel diphenazine, izumiphenazine E, which showed promising binding to eIF4E in cellular assays, representing a novel scaffold targeting eIF4E PPIs. Discovery and structural elucidation of natural products structure available in infinitesimally small quantities is a recognized challenge. This challenge is epitomized by the diphenazine class of molecules which contain three bridged stereocenters, several conformations, ring fusions, and multiple spatially-isolated phenols. Since empirical NMR and spatial analyses using ROESY/NOESY were unsuccessful in tackling these challenges, we developed a computational pipeline to determine the stereochemistry and phenol positions of diphenazines. In this pipeline, we incorporated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) and NMR calculations coupled with DP4+ probability measure, enabling the structural revision of phenazinolin D, izumiphenazine A, and baraphenazine G, and the structural characterization of two new diphenazines, baraphenazine H and izumiphenazine E. Importantly, through these efforts, we demonstrated the feasibility of NMR/DP4+ analysis for the determination of phenol positions in phenazine-based molecules, further expanding the limits of computational methods in the structural elucidation of complex natural products.
Supplemental Document from Intracellular coupling modulates biflagellar synchrony
Creators: name: Hanliang Guo
name: Man, Yi
name: Wan, Kirsty Y.
name: Kanso, Eva
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Details of mathematical model, numerical implementation, and parameter values
Long-term supplementation with anthocyanin-rich or -poor Rubus idaeus berries does not influence microvascular architecture nor cognitive outcome in the APP/PS-1 mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease
Creators: name: Torrens, Aaron Alonso
name: Mitchell, Christopher A.
name: Pourshahidi, L. Kirsty
name: Murphy, Brian Óg
name: Allwood, William
name: Rizzetto, Lisa
name: Scholz, Matthias
name: Tuohy, Kieran
name: Pereira-Caro, Gema
name: Moreno-Rojas, José Manuel
name: McDougall, Gordon
name: Gill, Chris I. R.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Disruption of microvascular architecture is a common pathogenic mechanism in the progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Given the anti-angiogenic activity of berry (poly)phenols, we investigated whether long-term feeding of Rubus idaeus (raspberries) could ameliorate cerebral microvascular pathology and improve cognition in the APP/PS-1 mouse model of AD. Male C57Bl/6J mice (50 wild type, 50 APP/PS-1) aged 4-months were fed for 24-weeks, with a normal diet enriched with either 100 mg/day glucose (control diet) or supplemented with glucose and freeze-dried anthocyanin-rich (red) or -poor (yellow) raspberries (100 mg/day) and assessed/sampled post intervention. Cerebral microvascular architecture of wild-type mice was characterised by regularly spaced capillaries with uniform diameters, unlike APP/PS-1 transgenic mice which showed dysregulated microvascular architecture. Long-term feeding of raspberries demonstrated limited modulation of microbiota and no substantive effect on microvascular architecture or cognition in either mice model although changes were evident in endogenous cerebral and plasmatic metabolites.
Model selection for spectro-polarimetric inversions
Creators: name: Ramos, A. Asensio
name: Sainz, R. Manso
name: Gonzalez, M. J. Martinez
name: Viticchie, B.
name: Suarez, D. Orozco
name: Socas-Navarro, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inferring magnetic and thermodynamic information from spectropolarimetric observations relies on the assumption of a parameterized model atmosphere whose parameters are tuned by comparison with observations. Often, the choice of the underlying atmospheric model is based on subjective reasons. In other cases, complex models are chosen based on objective reasons (for instance, the necessity to explain asymmetries in the Stokes profiles) but it is not clear what degree of complexity is needed. The lack of an objective way of comparing models has, sometimes, led to opposing views of the solar magnetism because the inferred physical scenarios are essentially different. We present the first quantitative model comparison based on the computation of the Bayesian evidence ratios for spectropolarimetric observations. Our results show that there is not a single model appropriate for all profiles simultaneously. Data with moderate signal-to-noise ratios favor models without gradients along the line-of-sight. If the observations shows clear circular and linear polarization signals above the noise level, models with gradients along the line are preferred. As a general rule, observations with large signal-to-noise ratios favor more complex models. We demonstrate that the evidence ratios correlate well with simple proxies. Therefore, we propose to calculate these proxies when carrying out standard least-squares inversions to allow for model comparison in the future.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures, 8 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
A semi-numerical method for periodic orbits in a bisymmetrical potential
Creators: name: Caranicolas, Nicolaos D.
name: Zotos, Euaggelos E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a semi-numerical method to find the position and period of periodic orbits in a bisymmetrical potential, made up of a two dimensional harmonic oscillator, with an additional term of a Plummer potential, in a number of resonant cases. The results are compared with the outcomes obtained by the numerical integration of the equations of motion and the agreement is good. This indicates that the semi-numerical method gives general and reliable results. Comparison with other methods of locating periodic orbits is also made.
description: Published in Mechanics Research Communication journal, 6 pages, 5 figures and 6 tables
Examining Factors Related to Engineering Graduate Students' Mental Health Experiences
Creators: name: Bork, Sarah
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: engineering education research
subject: graduate student
subject: mental health
subject: mixed research methods
subject: culture
subject: Engineering (General)
subject: Education
subject: Engineering
subject: Social Sciences

description: Mental health impacts students on human, academic, and economic levels. A growing national mental health crisis over the past decade has left higher education institutions struggling to meet students’ mental health needs. Understanding the scope and impact of these experiences for engineering graduate students is critical to supporting their academic success and reducing attrition. My thesis addresses the research question: “What are engineering graduate students’ mental health experiences?” This dissertation includes three studies: a scoping literature review, a photovoice study, and a quantitative analysis study. This work found that engineering graduate students have a range of mental health experiences (i.e., positive, negative, and mixed), and that the culture of engineering corresponded mainly to students’ negative mental health experiences. Findings suggest that to promote students’ academic success, we must work to support students’ positive mental health experiences and mitigate or remove negative ones. This requires a cultural change. Stakeholders at all levels (e.g., industry employers, national policy makers, faculty, students, etc.), must critically reflect on the norms, values, and assumptions we make, and work to intentionally align our actions with our intentions.
Validation of the SmartPlate for detecting food weight and type
Creators: name: Montoye, Alexander H. K.
name: Vondrasek, Joseph D.
name: Neph, Sylvia E.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: This study determined accuracy (comparing to criterion), inter-plate reliability (comparing measures between two plates), and intra-plate reliability (comparing successive measures on one plate) of the SmartPlate for food weight and type. Food weight validation included comparing SmartPlate weights to criterion [reference] scale weights (1,980 measures) and weights of 188 foods (2,256 measures). Food type validation included assessing SmartPlate accuracy for 188 foods. For weight, mean absolute percent errors for accuracy, inter-plate reliability, and intra-plate reliability were 6.2, 7.4, and 4.9%, respectively. For food type, foods were correctly identified/listed or searchable 67.0 or 98.9% of the time, respectively, with 76.0% inter-plate reliability and 86.3% intra-plate reliability. The SmartPlate had acceptable accuracy and reliability for assessing food weight and type and may be appealing for monitoring dietary surveillance or intervention. Due to high intra-plate reliability, the SmartPlate may be especially useful for one-on-one interventions and assessing change over time.