cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Exome sequencing of child–parent trios with bladder exstrophy: Findings in 26 children
Creators: name: Olshan, A.F.
name: Feldkamp, M.L.
name: Pankratz, N.
name: Brody, L.C.
name: Lane, J.
name: Conway, K.M.
name: Finnell, R.H.
name: Sicko, R.J.
name: Nickerson, D.A.
name: Shaw, G.M.
name: Hobbs, C.A.
name: Reefhuis, J.
name: McGoldrick, D.
name: Pangilinan, F.
name: Mullikin, J.
name: Jenkins, M.M.
name: University of Washington Center for Mendelian Genomics, NISC Comparative Sequencing Program and the National Birth Defects Prevention Study
name: Almli, L.M.
name: Kay, D.M.
name: Romitti, P.A.
name: Pitsava, G.
name: Mills, J.L.
name: Bamshad, M.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2021

description: Bladder exstrophy (BE) is a rare, lower ventral midline defect with the bladder and part of the urethra exposed. The etiology of BE is unknown but thought to be influenced by genetic variation with more recent studies suggesting a role for rare variants. As such, we conducted paired-end exome sequencing in 26 child/mother/father trios. Three children had rare (allele frequency ≤ 0.0001 in several public databases) inherited variants in TSPAN4, one with a loss-of-function variant and two with missense variants. Two children had loss-of-function variants in TUBE1. Four children had rare missense or nonsense variants (one per child) in WNT3, CRKL, MYH9, or LZTR1, genes previously associated with BE. We detected 17 de novo missense variants in 13 children and three de novo loss-of-function variants (AKR1C2, PRRX1, PPM1D) in three children (one per child). We also detected rare compound heterozygous loss-of-function variants in PLCH2 and CLEC4M and rare inherited missense or loss-of-function variants in additional genes applying autosomal recessive (three genes) and X-linked recessive inheritance models (13 genes). Variants in two genes identified may implicate disruption in cell migration (TUBE1) and adhesion (TSPAN4) processes, mechanisms proposed for BE, and provide additional evidence for rare variants in the development of this defect.
Additional file 1 of Rapid standardized operating rooms (RAPSTOR) in thyroid and parathyroid surgery
Creators: name: Ernst, Hannah
name: Sowerby, Leigh
name: Sahovaler, Axel
name: Macneil, Danielle
name: Nichols, Anthony
name: Yoo, John
name: Hilsden, Richard
name: Strychowsky, Julie
name: Fung, Kevin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Signatures of causality and determinism in a quantum theory of events
Creators: name: Iyer, Aditya
name: Dias, Eduardo O.
name: Vedral, Vlatko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By representing an event as the joint state of a detector-timer couple that interact with a system, we recover the familiar tensor product structure, used to describe spatially separated systems, in the context of timelike events. Furthermore, with this approach, we extend the superposition principle to the moment of occurrence of events. We then outline quantum signatures of causality that manifest through coherence in the detector state and correlation functions of time operators. Finally, we expand the scope of quantum information theoretic measures of state discrimination and information content, commonly used to characterize spatially separated systems, to events in spacetime. For causally connected events, we illustrate a deterministic relationship between events (akin to spatially entangled physical systems) where observing a previous event (one subsystem), enables us to delineate a later event (the other subsystem).
Lattice Boltzmann method for inhomogeneous fluids
Creators: name: Melchionna, S.
name: Marconi, U. Marini Bettolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a lattice-based numerical method to describe the non equilibrium behavior of a simple fluid under non-uniform spatial conditions. The evolution equation for the one-particle phase-space distribution function is derived starting from a microscopic description of the system. It involves a series of approximations which are similar to those employed in theories of inhomogeneous fluids, such as Density Functional theory. Among the merits of the present approach: the possibility to determine the equation of state of the model, the transport coefficients and to provide an efficient method of numerical solution under non-uniform conditions. The algorithm is tested in a particular non equilibrium situation, namely the steady flow of a hard-sphere fluid across a narrow slit. Pronounced non-hydrodynamic oscillations in the density and velocity profiles are found.
Социальная эстетика вкуса: элитарное и массовое
Creators: name: Филимонова Ольга Федоровна
Publisher: name: Известия Саратовского университета. Новая серия. Серия Философия. Психология. Педагогика
Year: 2010
Subjects: ЭЛИТАРНОЕ
МАССОВОЕ
АНТИМАССОВОЕ
ЭСТЕТИЧЕСКИЙ ВКУС
КАЧЕСТВО
ОМАССОВЛЕННОЕ ОБЩЕСТВО
ПОТРЕБИТЕЛЬСКАЯ КУЛЬТУРА
ELITIST
MASS
ANTIMASS
AESTHETIC TASTE
QUALITY
MASSFIED SOCIETY
CONSUMERS CULTURE

description: Статья посвящена анализу проблемы эстетического вкуса в контексте изменений структуры отношений элитарное − массовое. Внимание фокусируется на ряде социальных и эстетических понятий, отражающих специфику современной потребительской культуры. Критерий качества, который является ключевой составляющей последней, выступает подосновой социально-структурных подвижек, а феномен вкуса − мерой диспаритета в области эстетического и культурного опыта.
description: The article covers the analysis of the aesthetic taste problem in the context of changes of relation structure: elitist mass. Attention is focused on some social and aesthetic categories and conceptions reflecting the specificity of the modern consumers culture. The quality criteria being the key component of the latter is the underlying cause of the social-structural progress, and the taste phenomenon is the measure of disparity in the field of aesthetic and cultural experience.
Testing Gluon Self-Interactions in Three Jet Events at Hadron Colliders
Creators: name: Dixon, L.
name: Shadmi, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effective operator tr(G^3) is the only dimension-6 gluonic operator that cannot be related to four-quark operators. A peculiar property of this operator is that it does not contribute to two-jet production at hadron colliders, at the level of one operator insertion and leading-order in alpha_s; therefore we study its effects on three jet events. To calculate the helicity amplitudes induced by this operator we make extensive use of collinear factorization. We propose several ways of detecting the tr(G^3) signal, one of which exploits its non-trivial behavior under azimuthal rotations of two almost collinear jets.
description: 31 pages, plain tex, 10 figures available from yael@slac.stanford.edu. SLAC-PUB 6416
Additional file 2 of Rapid standardized operating rooms (RAPSTOR) in thyroid and parathyroid surgery
Creators: name: Ernst, Hannah
name: Sowerby, Leigh
name: Sahovaler, Axel
name: Macneil, Danielle
name: Nichols, Anthony
name: Yoo, John
name: Hilsden, Richard
name: Strychowsky, Julie
name: Fung, Kevin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2.
Genome-wide association meta-analysis identifies pleiotropic risk loci for aerodigestive squamous cell cancers
Creators: name: Wünsch-Filho, V.
name: Bickeböller, H.
name: Brunnström, H.
name: Aldrich, M.C.
name: Andrew, A.S.
name: Boccia, S.
name: Diergaarde, B.
name: Thomas, S.
name: Cadoni, G.
name: Lesseur, C.
name: Albanes, D.
name: Field, J.K.
name: Lacko, M.
name: Brennan, P.
name: Teare, M.D.
name: Liu, G.
name: Triantafillos, L.
name: Tajara, E.H.
name: Bossé, Y.
name: Clifford, G.M.
name: Ness, A.R.
name: Arnold, S.
name: Le Marchand, L.
name: Kiemeney, L.A.
name: Obeidat, M.
name: Houlston, R.S.
name: McKay, J.D.
name: Amos, C.I.
name: Chen, C.
name: Hung, R.J.
name: Grankvist, K.
name: Caporaso, N.C.
name: Gaborieau, V.
name: Lam, S.
name: Ferreiro-Iglesias, A.
name: Lazarus, P.
name: Olshan, A.F.
name: Bojesen, S.E.
name: Risch, A.
name: Schabath, M.B.
name: Xiao, X.
name: Johansson, M.
name: Johansson, M.
name: Rennert, G.
name: Zienolddiny, S.
name: Melander, O.
name: Christiani, D.C.
name: Shete, S.
name: Tardon, A.
name: Ferris, R.L.
name: Weissler, M.C.
name: Timens, W.
name: Landi, M.T.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2021

description: Squamous cell carcinomas (SqCC) of the aerodigestive tract have similar etiological risk factors. Although genetic risk variants for individual cancers have been identified, an agnostic, genome-wide search for shared genetic susceptibility has not been performed. To identify novel and pleotropic SqCC risk variants, we performed a meta-analysis of GWAS data on lung SqCC (LuSqCC), oro/pharyngeal SqCC (OSqCC), laryngeal SqCC (LaSqCC) and esophageal SqCC (ESqCC) cancers, totaling 13,887 cases and 61,961 controls of European ancestry. We identified one novel genome-wide significant (Pmeta<5x10-8) aerodigestive SqCC susceptibility loci in the 2q33.1 region (rs56321285, TMEM273). Additionally, three previously unknown loci reached suggestive significance (Pmeta<5x10-7): 1q32.1 (rs12133735, near MDM4), 5q31.2 (rs13181561, TMEM173) and 19p13.11 (rs61494113, ABHD8). Multiple previously identified loci for aerodigestive SqCC also showed evidence of pleiotropy in at least another SqCC site, these include: 4q23 (ADH1B), 6p21.33 (STK19), 6p21.32 (HLA-DQB1), 9p21.33 (CDKN2B-AS1) and 13q13.1(BRCA2). Gene-based association and gene set enrichment identified a set of 48 SqCC-related genes to DNA damage and epigenetic regulation pathways. Our study highlights the importance of cross-cancer analyses to identify pleiotropic risk loci of histology-related cancers arising at distinct anatomical sites.
How Adults Understand and Reason about Fractions
Creators: name: DeWolf, Melissa
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: We investigated what strategies adults use to compare magnitudes of fractions, and how the strategies vary with overall mathematical knowledge. Because little is known about how people think about fractions, prior research has attempted to assess the extent to which people think of fractions compared to how they think about whole numbers (Bonato, Fabbri, Umilta & Zorzi, 2007; Schneider & Siegler, 2010; Meert, Gregoire, Noel, 2009). In particular, Bonato et al. (2007) has examined the degree to which fractional magnitude comparisons can yield an understanding of the mental representation of fractions. Schneider & Siegler (2010) argue that these assessments cannot be made independently from understanding the strategies for comparison that a particular pair of fractions elicits. The current study extends prior research by comparing fraction magnitude comparison strategies of students at a selective university, with high math proficiency, with those of students at a community college, with lower math proficiency. The goals of this thesis were to identify, explain and define the strategies that are used in fraction magnitude comparisons by adults, investigate how these strategies vary with the math proficiency of the adults, and evaluate whether adults who do not consistently use desirable strategies recognize desirability of good alternative strategies. Our findings indicate that strategy use and consistency of using good and poor strategies vary with overall math knowledge and performance on our magnitude comparison task; that lower performing participants more frequently used strategies that would yield incorrect results and less often recognize when to switch to good alternative strategies compared to the high performing participants.
Can EROS/MACHO be detecting the galactic spheroid instead of the galactic halo?
Creators: name: Giudice, G. F.
name: Mollerach, S.
name: Roulet, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Models of our galaxy based on dynamical observations predict a spheroid component much heavier than accounted for by direct measurements of star counts and high velocity stars. If, as first suggested by Caldwell and Ostriker, this discrepancy is due to a large population of faint low-mass stars or dark objects in the spheroid, the spheroid could be responsible for microlensing events for sources in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). We show that, although the rate of events is lower than predicted by a galactic halo made of microlensing objects, it is still significant for EROS/MACHO observations. Because of the different matter distributions in the halo and spheroid components, a comparison between microlensing event rates in the LMC, future measurements of microlensing in the galactic bulge and, possibly, in M31 can provide information about the amounts of dark objects in the different galactic components. If the EROS/MACHO collaborations find a deficiency with respect to their halo expectation, when more statistics are available, their detected events could be interpreted as coming from spheroid microlenses, allowing for a galactic halo composed entirely of non-baryonic dark matter.
description: 12 pages, CERN-TH.7127/93
Measurement of D0-anti-D0 Mixing using the Ratio of Lifetimes for the Decays D0 --> K-pi+, K-K+, and pi-pi+
Creators: name: The BABAR Collaboration
name: Aubert, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a measurement of $D^0$-$\bar{D^0}$ mixing parameters using the ratios of lifetimes extracted from a sample of $D^0$ mesons produced through the process $D^{*+}\to\D^0π^+$, that decay to $K^{+}π^{-}$, K^{-}K^{+}$, or $π^-π^+$. The Cabibbo-suppressed modes $K^{-}K^{+}$ and $π^-π^+$ are compared to the Cabibbo-favored mode $K^{+}π^{-}$ to obtain a measurement of $y_{CP}$, which in the limit of CP conservation corresponds to the mixing parameter $y$. The analysis is based on a data sample of 384 $fb^{-1}$ collected by the $BaBar$ detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy $e^+e^-$ collider. We obtain $y_{CP} = [1.24\pm 0.39\mathrm{(stat)} \pm 0.13\mathrm{(syst)}]%$, which is evidence of $D^0$-$\bar{D^0}$ mixing at the $3σ$ level, and $ΔY = [-0.26\pm 0.36\mathrm{(stat)} \pm 0.08 \mathrm{(syst)}]%$, where $ΔY$ constrains possible CP violation. Combining this result with a previous $BaBar$ measurement of $y_{CP}$ obtained from a separate sample of $D^0\to K^{-}K^{+}$ events, we obtain $y_{CP} = [1.03\pm 0.33 \mathrm{(stat)} \pm 0.19 \mathrm{(syst)}]%$.
description: 8 pages, 9 postscript figures, submitted to PRD-RC
Additional file 1 of Levetiracetam versus fosphenytoin as a second-line treatment after diazepam for status epilepticus: study protocol for a multicenter non-inferiority designed randomized control trial
Creators: name: Nakamura, Kensuke
name: Marushima, Aiki
name: Takahashi, Yuji
name: Kimura, Akio
name: Asami, Masahiro
name: Egawa, Satoshi
name: Kaneko, Junya
name: Kondo, Yutaka
name: Yonekawa, Chikara
name: Hoshiyama, Eisei
name: Yamada, Takeshi
name: Maruo, Kazushi
name: Inoue, Yoshiaki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Homicide Trends in America: 1850-1950
Creators: name: Sasinoski, Megan
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Economics

description: Modern mass communication plays a large role in solving today’s most violent crimes. Televised news stories, newspaper articles and law enforcement databases all aid in spreading information about crime, and today’s police departments across the country are more able to work together. In the 1800s, however, technologies that we take for granted today had not yet been discovered or widely used in solving crime. Innovations like fingerprinting, ballistics, hair and fiber analysis, and blood evidence had not yet been developed, and crimes were solved quickly or not at all. As America became more urbanized, crime rose steadily, with only a few noteworthy increases or decreases in the national homicide rate. In response to the rise in violent crime, the U.S. spent more money on law enforcement in the 1840s than almost any other country in the world. Despite this increase in funding, these systems were unable to curb the steady rise in violence that continued until the late 1930s. I will examine many of the trends in homicide and attempt to assess popular theories on the changes in homicide rates.
Discolucina virginea Glover & Taylor 2007, n. comb.
Creators: name: Glover, Emily A.
name: Taylor, John D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: Discolucina virginea (Deshayes, 1832) n. comb. (Figs 23B; 24 A-D)
Lucina virginea Deshayes, 1832: 379.
Lucina argentea Reeve, 1850: pl. 2, fig. 6.
Lucina sulcata Reeve, 1850: pl. 4, fig. 20.
Phacoides argenteus – Lamy 1920: 176.
Lucinoma argentea – Chavan 1938: 83.
TYPE MATERIAL. — L. virginea: holotype, 1 sh, L 46.9 mm, H 43.6 mm (MNHN).
L. argentea: syntypes, 3 sh (Fig. 24E, F), Moluccas (BMNH 1963113-4).
L. sulcata: syntypes, 2 sh (Fig. 24G, H), no locality given (BMNH 1963188-9).
TYPE LOCALITY. — Amboina, Indonesia.
MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Touho. 2 stn, 0-4 m, 3 v.
DISTRIBUTION. — Indonesia, Amboina (MNHN); Hitulama, Hitu, Ambon (ZML); Moluccas (BMNH; ZMA). Philippines, Calapan, Mindoro (Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University); Lubang Island (NMGW).
DESCRIPTION
Shell large, H to 44 mm, L to 47 mm, subcircular to discoidal, compressed,shell colour white,translucent, anterior dorsal area extended as arcuate projection. Sculpture of fine, low, irregularly but closely spaced, commarginal lamellae and growth increments with faint radial striations between the lamellae; anterior parts of shell with an irregular, radial crumpled zone. Lunule very small, triangular, asymmetric with larger part in RV.Umbones low. Ligament sunk into long deep groove; posterior dorsal area marked by elevated lamellae along the escutcheon. Hinge large, straight, RV with single, small, cardinal tooth, no posterior lateral, anterior lateral with small knob and low ridge. LV with two cardinal teeth the anterior larger and bifid, posterior lateral absent, anterior lateral a low ridge and knob. Anterior adductor muscle scar long, dorsal part extending onto the hinge line and anterior dorsal area above the lateral teeth; ventral part broader, closely parallel to the pallial line, detached for 2/3 of length. Posterior muscle scar oval. Pallial line broad and prominent. Shell interior dull white with numerous mantle attachment scars, impression of pallial blood vessel prominent.Shell outside pallial line shell glossy, margin finely dentate.
REMARKS
This is the first record of this species outside of the central IWP area of Indonesia and Philippines. The type shells of L. sulcata and L. argentea are similar to the Deshayes holotype.
description: Published as part of Glover, Emily A. & Taylor, John D., 2007, Diversity of chemosymbiotic bivalves on coral reefs: Lucinidae (Mollusca, Bivalvia) of New Caledonia and Lifou, pp. 109-181 in Zoosystema 29 (1) on page 146, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5392295
Additional file 1 of Adequacy of alcohol-based handrub solution production practice in response to COVID-19 in public hospitals found in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a multicentered cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Selam, Muluken Nigatu
name: Bayisa, Regasa
name: Ababu, Andualem
name: Abdella, Mahdi
name: Diriba, Edessa
name: Wale, Minychel
name: Baye, Assefa Mulu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1. Checklist.
Centered Partition Processes: Informative Priors for Clustering (with Discussion)
Creators: name: Dunson, D.B.
name: Paganin, S.
name: Herring, A.H.
name: Olshan, A.F.
Publisher: name: International Society for Bayesian Analysis
Year: 2021

description: There is a very rich literature proposing Bayesian approaches for clustering starting with a prior probability distribution on partitions. Most approaches assume exchangeability, leading to simple representations in terms of Exchangeable Partition Probability Functions (EPPF). Gibbs-type priors encompass a broad class of such cases, including Dirichlet and Pitman-Yor processes. Even though there have been some proposals to relax the exchangeability assumption, allowing covariate-dependence and partial exchangeability, limited consideration has been given on how to include concrete prior knowledge on the partition. For example, we are motivated by an epidemiological application, in which we wish to cluster birth defects into groups and we have prior knowledge of an initial clustering provided by experts. As a general approach for including such prior knowledge, we propose a Centered Partition (CP) process that modiﬁes the EPPF to favor partitions close to an initial one. Some properties of the CP prior are described, a general algorithm for posterior computation is developed, and we illustrate the methodology through simulation examples and an application to the motivating epidemiology study of birth defects.
Global portraits of nonminimal inflation
Creators: name: Järv, Laur
name: Toporensky, Alexey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reconsider the dynamical systems approach to analyze inflationary universe in the Jordan frame models of scalar field nonminimally coupled to curvature. The adopted set of variables allows us to clearly distinguish between different asymptotic states in the phase space, including the kinetic and inflationary regimes. Inflation is realized as a heteroclinic trajectory originating either at infinity from a nonhyperbolic asymptotic de Sitter point or from a regular saddle de Sitter point. We also present a comprehensive picture of possible initial conditions leading to sufficient inflationary expansion and show their extent on the phase diagrams. In addition we comment on the slow roll conditions applicable in the Jordan frame and show how they approximate the leading inflationary "attractor solution". As particular examples we portrait quadratic and quartic potential models and note that increasing the nonminimal coupling diminishes the range of good initial conditions in the quadratic case, but enlarges is in the quartic case.
description: 19 pages, 20 plots; v2: minor typos corrected, references added, discussion on the slow roll approximation expanded, version for publication in EPJC
Germline determinants of humoral immune response to HPV-16 protect against oropharyngeal cancer
Creators: name: Merletti, F.
name: Hansen, B.T.
name: Cadoni, G.
name: Liu, G.
name: Olshan, A.F.
name: Herrero, R.
name: Wright, S.
name: Ahrens, W.
name: Mariosa, D.
name: Lagiou, A.
name: Bender, N.
name: Thomas, S.
name: Virani, S.
name: Hayes, N.
name: Ferreiro-Iglesias, A.
name: Amos, C.I.
name: Waterboer, T.
name: Boccia, S.
name: Lesseur, C.
name: Agudo, A.
name: Thomas, S.
name: Conway, D.I.
name: Smith-Byrne, K.
name: Johansson, M.J.
name: Brenner, N.
name: Díez-Obrero, V.
name: Robinson, M.
name: Nygård, M.
name: Pawlita, M.
name: Lacko, M.
name: Brennan, P.
name: Macfarlane, T.V.
name: Pring, M.
name: Polesel, J.
name: Lagiou, P.
name: Kanterewicz, B.
name: Holcátová, I.
name: Hung, R.J.
name: Milojevic, M.
name: Ferris, R.
name: Dudding, T.
name: Znaor, A.
name: Gaborieau, V.
name: Schroeder, L.
name: Alemany, L.
name: Diergaarde, B.
name: Ness, A.R.
name: Healy, C.M.
name: Weissler, M.C.
name: McKay, J.D.
name: Simonato, L.
name: Brhane, Y.
Publisher: name: Nature Research
Year: 2021

description: Although several oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) susceptibility loci have been identified, most previous studies lacked detailed information on human papillomavirus (HPV) status. We conduct a genome-wide analysis by HPV16 serology status in 4,002 oral cancer cases (OPC and oral cavity cancer (OCC)) and 5,256 controls. We detect four susceptibility loci pointing to a distinct genetic predisposition by HPV status. Our most notable finding in the HLA region, that is now confirmed to be specific of HPV(+)OPC risk, reveal two independent loci with strong protective effects, one refining the previously reported HLA class II haplotype association. Antibody levels against HPV16 viral proteins strongly implicate the protective HLA variants as major determinants of humoral response against L1 capsid protein or E6 oncoprotein suggesting a natural immune response against HPV(+)OPC promoted by HLA variants. This indicates that therapeutic vaccines that target E6 and attenuate viral response after established HPV infections might protect against HPV(+)OPC.
Home is Behind, The World Ahead
Creators: name: Perkins, Chloe
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 200508 Other Literatures in English
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: Introduction……………………………………………..4 Kanoni The Little Bird………………………...10 The Rainbow Vase……………………………….15 Shu and the Dragon Girl……………….....23 Deirdre and the Crystal Fife…………...…29 Pernille and the Wonderful Bow……………35 Marinela and the Tarot Cards….……………41 Ayaka and the Magical Ink……………………50 The Shepherdess………...…………………………56 Tavishi and the Three Wise Beasts………64 Vera and the Word Well…………………………70 Acknowledgments……………………………………..75 Works Cited…………………………………………….. 77
Examples of genuine QM abelian surfaces which are modular
Creators: name: Schembri, Ciaran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F32, 11G10, 11F03, 11F80

description: Let $K$ be an imaginary quadratic field. Modular forms for GL(2) over $K$ are known as Bianchi modular forms. Standard modularity conjectures assert that every weight 2 rational Bianchi newform has either an associated elliptic curve over $K$ or an associated abelian surface with quaternionic multiplication over $K$. We give explicit evidence in the way of examples to support this conjecture in the latter case. Furthermore, the quaternionic surfaces given correspond to genuine Bianchi newforms, which answers a question posed by J. Cremona as to whether this phenomenon can happen.
description: 12 pages. Published in Research in Number Theory
title: Near-Infrared Photometric Variability of Stars Toward the Orion A Molecular Cloud
Creators: name: Carpenter, John M.
name: Hillenbrand, Lynne A.
name: Skrutskie, M. F.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics and Astronomy

description: This is a pre-published version which is collected from arXiv. The published version is at http://iopscience.iop.org/1538-3881/121/6/3160/fulltext.
description: We present an analysis of J, H, and Ks time-series photometry obtained with the southern 2MASS telescope over a 084 × 6° region centered near the Trapezium region of the Orion Nebula cluster. These data are used to establish the near-infrared variability properties of pre–main-sequence stars in Orion on timescales of ∼1–36 days, ∼2 months, and ∼2 years. A total of 1235 near-infrared variable stars are identified, ∼93% of which are likely associated with the Orion A molecular cloud. The variable stars exhibit a diversity of photometric behavior with time, including cyclic fluctuations with periods up to 15 days, aperiodic day-to-day fluctuations, eclipses, slow drifts in brightness over 1 month or longer, colorless variability (within the noise limits of the data), stars that become redder as they fade, and stars that become bluer as they fade. The mean peak-to-peak amplitudes of the photometric fluctuations are ∼0.2 mag in each band, and 77% of the variable stars have color variations less than 0.05 mag. The more extreme stars in our sample have amplitudes as large as ∼2 mag and change in color by as much as ∼1 mag. The typical timescale of the photometric fluctuations is less than a few days, indicating that near-infrared variability results primarily from short-term processes. We examine rotational modulation of cool and hot starspots, variable obscuration from an inner circumstellar disk, and changes in the mass accretion rate and other physical properties in a circumstellar disk as possible physical origins of the near-infrared variability. Cool spots alone can explain the observed variability characteristics in ∼56%–77% of the stars, while the properties of the photometric fluctuations are more consistent with hot spots or extinction changes in at least 23% of the stars, and with variations in the disk mass accretion rate or inner disk radius in ∼1% of our sample. However, differences between the details of the observations and the details of variability predicted by hot-spot, extinction, and accretion disk models suggest either that another variability mechanism not considered here may be operative or that the observed variability represents the net results of several of these phenomena. Analysis of the star-count data indicates that the Orion Nebula cluster is part of a larger area of enhanced stellar surface density that extends over a 04 × 24 (3.4 pc × 20 pc) region containing ∼2700 stars brighter than Ks = 14 mag.
Primordial Nucleosynthesis with a Decaying Tau Neutrino
Creators: name: Dodelson, S.
name: Gyuk, G.
name: Turner, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A comprehensive study of the effect of an unstable tau neutrino on primordial nucleosynthesis is presented. The standard code for nucleosynthesis is modified to allow for a massive decaying tau neutrino whose daughter products include neutrinos, photons, $e^\pm$ pairs, and/or noninteracting (sterile) daughter products. Tau-neutrino decays influence primordial nucleosynthesis in three distinct ways: (i) the energy density of the decaying tau neutrino and its daughter products affect the expansion rate tending to increase $^4$He, D, and $^3$He production; (ii) electromagnetic (EM) decay products heat the EM plasma and dilute the baryon-to-photon ratio tending to decrease $^4$He production and increase D and $^3$He production; and (iii) electron neutrinos and antineutrinos produced by tau-neutrino decays increase the weak rates that govern the neutron-to-proton ratio, leading to decreased $^4$He production for short lifetimes ($\la 30\sec$) and masses less than about $10\MeV$ and increased $^4$He production for long lifetimes or large masses. The precise effect of a decaying tau neutrino on the yields of primordial nucleosynthesis and the mass-lifetime limits that follow depend crucially upon decay mode. We identify four generic decay modes that serve to bracket the wider range of possibilities:
description: 27 pages, Latex, 12 Figures avaiable on request, FNAL--Pub--93/236-A
Bose-Einstein Condensation in Magnetic Insulators
Creators: name: Giamarchi, T.
name: Rüegg, Ch.
name: Tchernyshyov, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The elementary excitations in antiferromagnets are magnons, quasiparticles with integer spin and Bose statistics. In an experiment their density is controlled efficiently by an applied magnetic field and can be made finite to cause the formation of a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). Studies of magnon condensation in a growing number of magnetic materials provide a unique window into an exciting world of quantum phase transitions (QPT) and exotic quantum states.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1 of Eculizumab in gemcitabine-induced thrombotic microangiopathy: experience of the French thrombotic microangiopathies reference centre
Creators: name: Grall, Maximilien
name: Daviet, Florence
name: Chiche, Noémie Jourde
name: Provot, François
name: Presne, Claire
name: Coindre, Jean-Philippe
name: Pouteil-Noble, Claire
name: Karras, Alexandre
name: Guerrot, Dominique
name: François, Arnaud
name: Benhamou, Ygal
name: Veyradier, Agnès
name: Frémeaux-Bacchi, Véronique
name: Coppo, Paul
name: Grangé, Steven
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1.
A fresh look at the (non-)Abelian Landau-Khalatnikov-Fradkin transformations
Creators: name: De Meerleer, T.
name: Dudal, D.
name: Sorella, S. P.
name: Dall'Olio, P.
name: Bashir, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Landau-Khalatnikov-Fradkin transformations (LKFTs) allow to interpolate $n$-point functions between different gauges. We first offer an alternative derivation of these LKFTs for the gauge and fermions field in the Abelian (QED) case when working in the class of linear covariant gauges. Our derivation is based on the introduction of a gauge invariant transversal gauge field, which allows a natural generalization to the non-Abelian (QCD) case of the LKFTs. To our knowledge, within this rigorous formalism, this is the first construction of the LKFTs beyond QED. The renormalizability of our setup is guaranteed to all orders. We also offer a direct path integral derivation in the non-Abelian case, finding full consistency.
description: 16 pages
A note on the mass splitting of K*(892)
Creators: name: Gao, Dao-Neng
name: Yan, Mu-Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Belle Collaboration reported a new observed value of K*-(892) mass by studying tau --> K_S pi nu_tau decay, which is significantly different from the current world average value given by Particle Data Group 2006. Motivated by this new data, we revisit the issue on the K*0(892)-K*+(892) mass splitting. Our theoretical estimation favors the new measurement by Belle Collaboration. Therefore further experimental efforts are urgently needed to improve our understanding of these issues.
description: 5 pages, minor changes, references added
Six-loop $\varepsilon$ expansion of three-dimensional $\text{U}(n)\times \text{U}(m)$ models
Creators: name: Adzhemyan, L. Ts.
name: Ivanova, E. V.
name: Kompaniets, M. V.
name: Kudlis, A.
name: Sokolov, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the Landau-Wilson field theory with $\text{U}(n)\times\text{U}(m)$ symmetry which describes the finite-temperature phase transition in QCD in the limit of vanishing quark masses with $n=m=N_f$ flavors and unbroken anomaly at the critical temperature. The six-loop expansions of the renormalization group functions are calculated within the Minimal Subtraction scheme in $4 - \varepsilon$ dimensions. The $\varepsilon$ series for the upper marginal dimensionality $n^{+}(m,4-\varepsilon)$ -- the key quantity of the theory -- are obtained and resummed by means of different approaches. The numbers found are compared with their counterparts obtained earlier within lower perturbative orders and the pseudo-$\varepsilon$ analysis of massive six-loop three-dimensional expansions. In particular, using an increase in the accuracy of numerical results for $n^{+}(m,3)$ by one order of magnitude, we strengthen the conclusions obtained within previous order in perturbation theory about fairness of the inequality $n^{+}(m,3)>m$. This, in turn, indicates the absence of a stable three-dimensional fixed point for $n=m$, and as a consequence a first-order kind of finite-temperature phase transition in light QCD.
No evidence for axions from Chandra observation of magnetic white dwarf
Creators: name: Dessert, Christopher
name: Long, Andrew J.
name: Safdi, Benjamin R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultralight axions with axion-photon couplings $g_{aγγ} \sim {\rm few} \times 10^{-11}$ GeV$^{-1}$ may resolve a number of astrophysical anomalies, such as unexpected ~TeV transparency, anomalous stellar cooling, and X-ray excesses from nearby neutron stars. We show, however, that such axions are severely constrained by the non-observation of X-rays from the magnetic white dwarf (MWD) RE J0317-853 using ~40 ks of data acquired from a dedicated observation with the Chandra X-ray Observatory. Axions may be produced in the core of the MWD through electron bremsstrahlung and then convert to X-rays in the magnetosphere. The non-observation of X-rays constrains the axion-photon coupling to $g_{aγγ} \lesssim 5.5 \times 10^{-13} \sqrt{C_{aγγ}/C_{aee}}$ GeV$^{-1}$ at 95% confidence for axion masses $m_a \lesssim 5 \times 10^{-6}$ eV, with $C_{aee}$ and $C_{aγγ}$ the dimensionless coupling constants to electrons and photons. Considering that $C_{aee}$ is generated from the renormalization group, our results robustly disfavor $g_{aγγ} \gtrsim 4.4 \times 10^{-11}$ GeV$^{-1}$ even for models with no ultraviolet contribution to $C_{aee}$.
description: 7+11 pages, 4+7 figures
$B_K$ Using Staggered Fermions: An Update
Creators: name: Sharpe, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Improved results for $B_K$ are discussed. Scaling corrections are argued to be of $O(a^2)$, leading to a reduction in the systematic error. For a kaon composed of degenerate quarks, the quenched result is ${\widehat{B}_K} = 0.825 \pm 0.027 \pm 0.023$.
description: (poster presented at Lattice '93), 7 pages latex (it's in preprint format!), 1 postscript figure, bundled with uufiles. Uses psfig.tex. UW/PT-93-25
The addition of chemotherapy to adjuvant radiation is associated with inferior survival outcomes in intermediate-risk HPV-negative HNSCC
Creators: name: Grilley Olson, J.E.
name: Lenze, N.R.
name: Hayes, D.N.
name: Shazib, M.A.
name: Singer, B.
name: Farquhar, D.
name: Hackman, T.
name: Olshan, A.F.
name: Gulley, M.L.
name: Schrank, T.P.
name: Shen, C.
name: Weiss, J.
name: Chera, B.S.
name: Patel, S.
name: Tasoulas, J.
name: Sheth, S.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2021

description: Background: Only high-risk tumors with extranodal extension (ENE) and/or positive surgical margins (PSM) benefit from adjuvant therapy (AT) with concurrent chemoradiation (CRT) compared to radiation therapy (RT) in locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Optimal treatment for intermediate-risk tumors remains controversial. We categorized patients based on their surgical pathologic risk factors and described AT treatment patterns and associated survival outcomes. Methods: Patients were identified from CHANCE, a population-based study, and risk was classified based on surgical pathology review. High-risk patients (n = 204) required ENE and/or PSM. Intermediate-risk (n = 186) patients had pathological T3/T4 disease, perineural invasion (PNI), lymphovascular invasion (LVI), or positive lymph nodes without ENE. Low-risk patients (n = 226) had none of these features. Results: We identified 616 HPV-negative HNSCC patients who received primary surgical resection with neck dissection. High-risk patients receiving AT had favorable OS (HR 0.50, p = 0.013) which was significantly improved with the addition of chemotherapy compared to RT alone (HR 0.47, p = 0.021). When stratified by node status, the survival benefit of AT in high-risk patients persisted only among those who were node-positive (HR: 0.17, p < 0.0005). On the contrary, intermediate-risk patients did not benefit from AT (HR: 1.26, p = 0.380) and the addition of chemotherapy was associated with significantly worse OS compared to RT (HR: 1.76, p = 0.046). Conclusion: In high-risk patients, adjuvant chemoradiotherapy improved OS compared to RT alone. The greatest benefit was in node-positive cases. In intermediate-risk patients, the addition of chemotherapy to RT increased mortality risk and therefore should only be used cautiously in these patients.
Hitting the Wall: Mixture Models of Long Distance Running Strategies
Creators: name: Pane, Joseph D.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The International Association of Ultrarunners 24 Hour World Championships holds a 24 hour race during which each entrant tries to run as many laps as they can. There are several different strategies to running a race, and these may be characteristic to the runner. Some runners may race at a consistent pace, dropout, take breaks and/or fluctuate their pace. Records containing how many laps a particular entrant runs over each hour in the race allow us the opportunity to model the different types of strategies and how successful they are. Building on previous work by White and Murphy (2013), we use mixture models, latent class analysis, and model based clustering for mixed data. We alter the model based clustering for mixed data framework, clustMD, that extends the estimation capability of the method in scenarios it was not able to prior. We use this method to determine running strategies in 24 hour races. In future work we plan to develop a longitudinal model-based clustering approach using Poisson processes. This approach will have a large scale impact on other applications outside the field of sports. The same type of model-based clustering can be used in various medical research questions, including clinical depression scores of patients over a period of time.
Inherited predisposition to breast cancer in the Carolina Breast Cancer Study
Creators: name: Troester, M.A.
name: Perou, C.M.
name: Walsh, T.
name: Earp, H.S.
name: Lee, M.K.
name: Gulsuner, S.
name: King, M.-C.
name: Olshan, A.F.
Publisher: name: Nature Research
Year: 2021

description: The Carolina Breast Cancer Study (CBCS) phases I–II was a case-control study of biological and social risk factors for invasive breast cancer that enrolled cases and controls between 1993 and 1999. Case selection was population-based and stratified by ancestry and age at diagnosis. Controls were matched to cases by age, self-identified race, and neighborhood of residence. Sequencing genomic DNA from 1370 cases and 1635 controls yielded odds ratios (with 95% confidence limits) for breast cancer of all subtypes of 26.7 (3.59, 189.1) for BRCA1, 8.8 (3.44, 22.48) for BRCA2, and 9.0 (2.06, 39.60) for PALB2; and for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) of 55.0 (7.01, 431.4) for BRCA1, 12.1 (4.18, 35.12) for BRCA2, and 10.8 (1.97, 59.11) for PALB2. Overall, 5.6% of patients carried a pathogenic variant in BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, or TP53, the four most highly penetrant breast cancer genes. Analysis of cases by tumor subtype revealed the expected association of TNBC versus other tumor subtypes with BRCA1, and suggested a significant association between TNBC versus other tumor subtypes with BRCA2 or PALB2 among African-American (AA) patients [2.95 (1.18, 7.37)], but not among European-American (EA) patients [0.62 (0.18, 2.09)]. AA patients with pathogenic variants in BRCA2 or PALB2 were 11 times more likely to be diagnosed with TNBC versus another tumor subtype than were EA patients with pathogenic variants in either of these genes (P = 0.001). If this pattern is confirmed in other comparisons of similarly ascertained AA and EA breast cancer patients, it could in part explain the higher prevalence of TNBC among AA breast cancer patients.
Charge disproportionation and collinear magnetic order in the frustrated triangular antiferromagnet AgNiO2
Creators: name: Wawrzynska, E.
name: Coldea, R.
name: Wheeler, E. M.
name: Sorgel, T.
name: Jansen, M.
name: Ibberson, R. M.
name: Radaelli, P. G.
name: Koza, M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a high-resolution neutron diffraction study of the crystal and magnetic structure of the orbitally-degenerate frustrated metallic magnet AgNiO2. At high temperatures the structure is hexagonal with a single crystallographic Ni site, low-spin Ni3+ with spin-1/2 and two-fold orbital degeneracy, arranged in an antiferromagnetic triangular lattice with frustrated spin and orbital order. A structural transition occurs upon cooling below 365 K to a tripled hexagonal unit cell containing three crystallographically-distinct Ni sites with expanded and contracted NiO6 octahedra, naturally explained by spontaneous charge order on the Ni triangular layers. No Jahn-Teller distortions occur, suggesting that charge order occurs in order to lift the orbital degeneracy. Symmetry analysis of the inferred Ni charge order pattern and the observed oxygen displacement pattern suggests that the transition could be mediated by charge fluctuations at the Ni sites coupled to a soft oxygen optical phonon breathing mode. At low temperatures the electron-rich Ni sublattice (assigned to a valence close to Ni2+ with S = 1) orders magnetically into a collinear stripe structure of ferromagnetic rows ordered antiferromagnetically in the triangular planes. We discuss the stability of this uncommon spin order pattern in the context of an easy-axis triangular antiferromagnet with additional weak second neighbor interactions and interlayer couplings.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures included