cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Metallicity and Quasar Outflows
Creators: name: Wang, Huiyuan
name: Zhou, Hongyan
name: Yuan, Weimin
name: Wang, Tinggui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Correlations are investigated of the outflow strength of quasars, as measured by the blueshift and asymmetry index (BAI) of the CIV line (Wang et al. 2011), with intensities and ratios of broad emission lines, based on composite quasar spectra built from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We find that most of the line ratios of other ions to CIV prominently increases with BAI. These behaviors can be well understood in the context of increasing metallicity with BAI. The strength of dominant coolant, CIV line, decreases and weak collisionally excited lines increase with gas metallicity as a result of the competition between different line coolants. Using SiIV+OIV]/CIV as an indicator of gas metallicity, we present, for the first time, a strong correlation between the metallicitiy and the outflow strength of quasars over a wide range of 1.7 to 6.9 times solar abundance. Our result implies that the metallicity plays an important role in the formation of quasar outflows, likely via affecting outflow acceleration. This effect may have a profound impact on galaxy evolution via momentum feedback and chemical enrichment.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in ApJ
A unified TDiff invariant field theory for the dark sector
Creators: name: Alonso-López, David
name: Pérez, Javier de Cruz
name: Maroto, Antonio L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we present a unified model for the cosmological dark sector. The theory is based on a simple minimally coupled scalar field whose action only contains a canonical kinetic term and is invariant under transverse diffeomorphisms (TDiff). The model has the same number of free parameters as $Λ$CDM. We confront the predictions of the model at the background level with data from Planck 2018 CMB distance priors, Pantheon+ and SH0ES SNIa distance moduli, BAO data points from 6dFGS, BOSS, eBOSS and DES and measurements of the Hubble parameter from cosmic chronometers. The model provides excellent results in the joint fit analysis, showing very strong evidence compared to $Λ$CDM in the deviance information criterion (DIC). We also show that the Hubble tension between Planck 2018 and SH0ES measurements can be alleviated in the unified TDiff model although further analysis is still needed.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures. Final version published in PRD
The Tectonics and Volcanism of Venus: New Modes Facilitated by Realistic Crustal Rheology and Intrusive Magmatism
Creators: name: Tian, Jiacheng
name: Tackley, Paul J.
name: Lourenço, Diogo L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To explain Venus' young surface age and lack of plate tectonics, Venus' tectonic regime has often been proposed to be either an episodic-lid regime with global lithospheric overturns, or an equilibrium resurfacing regime with numerous volcanic and tectonic activities. Here, we use global 2-D thermochemical convection models with realistic parameters, including rheology (dislocation creep, diffusion creep, and plastic yielding), an experiment-based plagioclase (An$_{75}$) crustal rheology, and intrusive magmatism, to investigate the tectonics and mantle evolution of Venus. We find that surface tectonics is strongly affected by crustal rheology. With a ''weak'' plagioclase-rheology crust, models exhibit episodic overturns but with continuously high surface mobility and high distributed surface strain rates between overturns, leading to a new tectonic regime that we name ''deformable episodic lid''. On the other hand, olivine-crustal-rheology models exhibit either standard episodic-lid tectonics, i.e. with mobility that is high during overturns and near zero between overturns, or stagnant-lid tectonics, i.e. with near-zero mobility over the entire model time. Also, a combination of plagioclase crustal rheology and dislocation creep can weaken the lithosphere sufficiently to facilitate lithospheric overturns without applying plastic yielding. Internally, the composition-dependent density profile results in a ''basalt barrier'' at the mantle transition zone, which strongly affects Venus' mantle evolution. Only strong plumes can penetrate this basalt barrier and cause global lithospheric overturns. This basalt barrier also causes global internal episodic overturns that generate global volcanic resurfacing in stagnant-lid models, which suggests a new resurfacing mechanism (we name it ''stagnant episodic-volcanic-resurfacing'') that does not involve lithospheric overturns.
description: Minor changes to previous version. Accepted by Icarus. Main text 54 pages, 17 figures, abstract abbreviated
The last word in strong correlations
Creators: name: Shankar, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the Fractional Quantum Hall Effect (FQHE), in the noninteracting limit, only a fraction $ν$ of the Lowest Landau Level (LLL) is occupied, producing a huge degeneracy. Interactions lift this degeneracy and mix in higher LL's. In the limit in which we ignore all but the LLL (i.e., let the inverse electron mass ${1 \over m}\to \infty$), the kinetic energy is an irrelevant constant and the ratio of potential to kinetic energy is essentially infinite, making this the most strongly correlated problem imaginable. I give a telegraphic review of the Hamiltonian Theory of the FQHE developed with Ganpathy Murthy that deals with this problem with some success. A nodding acquaintance with FQHE physics is presumed.
description: Dedicated to Dieter Vollhardt on his 60th birthday
Elite athletes' experiences of identity changes during a career-ending injury : an interpretive description
Creators: name: Muscat, Anne Carolyn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The purpose of the present study was to investigate patterns of identity change in elite athletes after a career ending injury. A qualitative study examined 9 retired athletes two to five years after their international competitive experience. An interpretive description analysis involved four levels of data analysis. The first level of data analysis identified a pattern of over identification with the elite athlete role and a clear pattern of more balanced identity contrasted with a less balanced identity prior to injury. The second level of analysis described smooth versus ineffective transitions after injury. At a third level of analysis, four factors (internal resources, cognitive coping style, relational connections and continuity with sport) emerged and were associated with smooth versus ineffective/turbulent retirement experiences. Finally, at the fourth level of analysis the study found four identity styles. These four styles (termed balanced identity, lost identity, intensification of identity and living for sport identity) are congruent with descriptions of adolescent identity and suggest that, for some athletes, tasks associated with identity development are delayed until retirement from sport. A pattern of positive adaptation was also identified, indicating that over commitment to an athletic identity does not preclude normative identity development or a positive retirement transition. Athlete autonomy and confidence, as well as relationships with coach, teammates and parents, were associated with the experience of a smooth versus turbulent retirement. Implications for practice are discussed in relation to factors that could promote adaptation in the event of sport injury or sport career termination.
Experimental Realization of Spin-1/2 Triangular-Lattice Heisenberg Antiferromagnet
Creators: name: Shirata, Yutaka
name: Tanaka, Hidekazu
name: Matsuo, Akira
name: Kindo, Koichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of magnetization and specific heat measurements on Ba$_3$CoSb$_2$O$_9$, in which the magnetic Co$^{2+}$ ion has a fictitious spin-1/2, and show evidence that a spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet on a regular triangular lattice is actually realized in Ba$_3$CoSb$_2$O$_9$. We found that the entire magnetization curve including the one-third quantum magnetization plateau is in excellent agreement with theoretical calculations at a quantitative level.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
A Linked Data Based Messaging Architecture for the Web of Needs
Creators: name: Kleedorfer, Florian
name: Busch, Christina Maria
name: Huemer, Christian
name: Pichler, Christian
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V. (The German Informatics Society)
Year: 2016
Subjects: semantic Web, linked data, e-marketplaces

description: Electronic marketplaces are built to resemble real marketplaces structurally. Consequently, they are centralized systems, walled gardens with an intrinsic tendency to lock merchants and clients in. We argue that this structure is not necessary on the Web and that all online marketplaces could merge into one global medium for exchange. In this paper, we propose an architecture for such a medium based on semantic Web standards, encompassing the functionalities of publishing an intention to buy or sell, finding transaction partners, and conducting transactions. We focus on the basic protocol layer and explain how messaging and linked data are combined in a novel way to realize a highly dynamic communication system.
description: Enterprise Modelling and Information Systems Architectures, Vol 11 (2016)
Anchor-based optimization of energy density functionals
Creators: name: Taninah, A.
name: Afanasjev, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new anchor-based optimization method of defining the energy density functionals (EDFs) is proposed. In this approach, the optimization of the parameters of EDF is carried out for the selected set of spherical anchor nuclei the physical observables of which are modified by the correction function which takes into account the global performance of EDF. It is shown that the use of this approach leads to a substantial improvement in global description of binding energies for several classes of covariant EDFs. The computational cost of defining a new functional within this approach is drastically lower as compared with the one for the optimization which includes the global experimental data on spherical, transitional and deformed nuclei into the fitting protocol.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure and 1 Table, in press as Letter in Phys. Rev. C. Includes "Supplemental-material.pdf" as a separate file with this submission. This file provides technical and numerical details on the anchor-based optimization method
Industrial Services as a Research Discipline
Creators: name: Gitzel, Ralf
name: Schmitz, Björn
name: Fromm, Hansjörg
name: Isaksson, Alf
name: Setzer, Thomas
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V. (The German Informatics Society)
Year: 2016
Subjects: industrial services, research discipline, research challenges, research trends

description: Services in the industrial sector—commonly referred to as industrial services—are an important source of profit, differentiation and future growth for their providers. This sector includes industries such as heavy equipment manufacturing, energy production, chemical production and oil and gas. Despite its importance, neither the term industrial service(s) nor its concrete subareas are unambiguously defined. The goal of this paper is to motivate research which addresses the challenges currently faced in the industrial sector with regard to service. For this purpose, we review existing definitions of industrial services and identify the services in scope as well as the scientific disciplines that can contribute. The main part of the paper is a list of relevant current and future challenges which have been encountered by the authors during their daily practice.
description: Enterprise Modelling and Information Systems Architectures, Vol 11 (2016)
Physisorption of an organometallic platinum complex on silica. An ab initio study
Creators: name: Shen, Juan
name: Muthukumar, Kaliappan
name: Jeschke, Harald O.
name: Valenti, Roser
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interaction of trimethyl methylcyclopentadienyl platinum (MeCpPtMe3) with a fully hydroxylated SiO2 surface has been explored by means of ab initio calculations. A large slab model cut out from the hydroxylated beta-cristobalite SiO2 (111) surface was chosen to simulate a silica surface. Density functional theory calculations were performed to evaluate the energies of MeCpPtMe3 adsorption to the SiO2 surface. Our results show that the physisorption of the molecule is dependent on both (i) the orientation of the adsorbate and (ii) the adsorption site on the substrate. The most stable configuration was found with the MeCp and Me3 groups of the molecule oriented towards the surface. Finally, we observe that van-der-Waals corrections are crucial for the stabilization of the molecule on the surface. We discuss the relevance of our results for the growth of Pt-based nanostructured materials via deposition processes such as electron beam induced deposition.
description: 18pages, 7figures, submitted
Data Analytics and Modeling for Appointment No-show in Community Health Centers
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: access to care
appointment non-adherence
community health centers
electronic health records
predictive modeling
Adolescent
Adult
Appointments and Schedules
Bayes Theorem
Cell Phone
Child
Child, Preschool
Community Health Centers
Data Science
Electronic Health Records
Female
Humans
Infant
Logistic Models
Male
Medically Underserved Area
Middle Aged
Neural Networks, Computer
No-Show Patients
Primary Health Care
Smoking
Socioeconomic Factors
Time Factors
Young Adult

description: © The Author(s) 2018. Objectives: Using predictive modeling techniques, we developed and compared appointment no-show prediction models to better understand appointment adherence in underserved populations. Methods and Materials: We collected electronic health record (EHR) data and appointment data including patient, provider and clinical visit characteristics over a 3-year period. All patient data came from an urban system of community health centers (CHCs) with 10 facilities. We sought to identify critical variables through logistic regression, artificial neural network, and naïve Bayes classifier models to predict missed appointments. We used 10-fold cross-validation to assess the models’ ability to identify patients missing their appointments. Results: Following data preprocessing and cleaning, the final dataset included 73811 unique appointments with 12,392 missed appointments. Predictors of missed appointments versus attended appointments included lead time (time between scheduling and the appointment), patient prior missed appointments, cell phone ownership, tobacco use and the number of days since last appointment. Models had a relatively high area under the curve for all 3 models (e.g., 0.86 for naïve Bayes classifier). Discussion: Patient appointment adherence varies across clinics within a healthcare system. Data analytics results demonstrate the value of existing clinical and operational data to address important operational and management issues. Conclusion: EHR data including patient and scheduling information predicted the missed appointments of underserved populations in urban CHCs. Our application of predictive modeling techniques helped prioritize the design and implementation of interventions that may improve efficiency in community health centers for more timely access to care. CHCs would benefit from investing in the technical resources needed to make these data readily available as a means to inform important operational and policy questions.
Kinematics signature of a giant planet in the disk of AS 209
Creators: name: Fedele, D.
name: Bollati, F.
name: Lodato, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [abridged] ALMA observations of dust in protoplanetary disks are revealing the existence of sub-structures such as rings, gaps and cavities. Such morphology are expected to be the outcome of dynamical interaction between the disk and planets. However, other mechanisms are able to produce similar dust sub-structures. A solution is to look at the perturbation induced by the planet to the gas surface density and/or to the kinematics. In the case of the disk around AS 209, a prominent gap has been reported in the surface density of CO at $r \sim 100\,$au. Recently, Bae et al. (2022) detected a localized velocity perturbation in the $^{12}$CO $J=2-1$ emission along with a clump in $^{13}$CO $J=2-1$ at nearly 200 au, interpreted as a gaseous circumplanetary disk. We report a new analysis of ALMA archival observations of $^{12}$CO and $^{13}$CO J=2-1. A clear kinematics perturbation (kink) is detected in multiple channels and over a wide azimuth range in both dataset. We compared the observed perturbation with a semi-analytic model of velocity perturbations due to planet-disk interaction. The observed kink is not consistent with a planet at 200\,au as this would require a low gas disk scale height ($< 0.05$) in contradiction with previous estimate ($h/r \sim 0.118$ at $r = 100$ au). When we fix the disk scale height to 0.118 (at $r = 100$ au) we find instead that a planet of 3-5 M$_{\rm Jup}$ at 100 au induces a kinematics perturbation similar to the observed one. Thus, we conclude that a giant protoplanet orbiting at $r \sim 100\,$au is responsible of the large scale kink as well as of the perturbed dust and gas surface density previously detected. The position angle of the planet is constrained to be between 60$^{\circ}$-100$^{\circ}$. Future observations with high contrast imaging technique in the near- and mid- infrared are needed to confirm the presence and position of such a planet.
description: Accepted by A&A
Structures In The Au Mic Disk Are Still Moving Fast …
Creators: name: Boccaletti, A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016

description: Observations of AU Mic in 2014 with SPHERE, once combined with former HST data, revealed a series of five arch-like structures of which localization and speed are at odd with keplerian motions. Rather, a complex star/disk interaction is considered. We will present new results from a follow up program in 2015 (intensity and polarimetry), which confirms fast motion of individual structures.
description: C. Thalmann, A.M. Lagrange, M. Janson, J.C. Augereau, G. Schneider, J. Milli, C. Grady, J. Debes, M. Langlois, D. Mouillet, T. Henning, C. Dominik, A.L. Maire, J.L. Beuzit, J. Carson, K. Dohlen, M. Feldt, T. Fusco, C. Ginski, J.H. Girard,
D. Hines, M. Kasper, D. Mawet, F. Ménard, M. Meyer, C. Moutou, J. Olofsson,
T. Rodigas, J.F. Sauvage, J. Schlieder, H.M. Schmid, M. Turatto, S. Udry,
F. Vakili, A. Vigan, Z. Wahhaj, J. Wisniewski
SPHERE-team + US-team Collaboration
Searching for $Z'$ bosons decaying to gluons
Creators: name: Alwall, Johan
name: Khader, Mazin
name: Rajaraman, Arvind
name: Whiteson, Daniel
name: Yen, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The production and decay of a new heavy vector boson, a chromophilic $Z'$ vector boson, is described. The chromophilic $Z'$ couples only to two gluons, but its two-body decays are absent, leading to a dominant decay mode of $Z'\rightarrow q\bar{q}g$. The unusual nature of the interaction predicts a cross-section which grows with $m_{Z'}$ for a fixed coupling and an accompanying gluon with a coupling that rises with its energy. We study the $t\bar{t}g$ decay mode, proposing distinct reconstruction techniques for the observation of an excess and for the measurement of $m_{Z'}$. We estimate the sensitivity of current experimental datasets.
description: For submission to PRD
Conditional mutagenesis by oligonucleotide-mediated integration of loxP sites in zebrafish
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Alleles
Animals
Base Sequence
DNA Transposable Elements
Genome
Homologous Recombination
Introns
Mutagenesis
Mutation
Oligonucleotides
Reproducibility of Results
T-Box Domain Proteins
Zebrafish
Zebrafish Proteins

description: © 2018 Burg et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Many eukaryotic genes play essential roles in multiple biological processes in several different tissues. Conditional mutants are needed to analyze genes with such pleiotropic functions. In vertebrates, conditional gene inactivation has only been feasible in the mouse, leaving other model systems to rely on surrogate experimental approaches such as overexpression of dominant negative proteins and antisense-based tools. Here, we have developed a simple and straightforward method to integrate loxP sequences at specific sites in the zebrafish genome using the CRISPR/Cas9 technology and oligonucleotide templates for homology directed repair. We engineered conditional (floxed) mutants of tbx20 and fleer, and demonstrate excision of exons flanked by loxP sites using tamoxifen-inducible CreERT2 recombinase. To demonstrate broad applicability of our method, we also integrated loxP sites into two additional genes, aldh1a2 and tcf21. The ease of this approach will further expand the use of zebrafish to study various aspects of vertebrate biology, especially post-embryonic processes such as regeneration.
title: RECIRCULATING CALCIUM HYDROXIDE SOLUTION
title: A PRACTICAL CHOICE FOR ON-FARM HIGH SOLIDS LIGNOCELLULOSE PRETREATMENT
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Sympson, William S.
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Bioresource and Agricultural Engineering

description: Pretreatment is a necessary step in the utilization of lignocellulosic biomass for biochemical conversion to higher value products. There are multiple chemical choices for industrial settings, however on-farm choices are constrained to near ambient conditions with minimal specialized equipment, training, and limited waste disposal. Calcium hydroxide (lime) is suitable for on-farm use. This work presents the novel idea of pretreating biomass by recirculating a filtered, saturated lime solution in an up-flow, high solids (14-16% w/w) configuration at ambient conditions. In this system, lime solids were efficiently consumed, post-pretreatment washing of substrate did not significantly improve glucose yields, and energy and resources were conserved. Pretreatment effectiveness was assessed by glucose yield comparisons for both switchgrass and corn stover. Using mean glucose yields from 5mm corn stover, lime pretreatment required 350kgs of dry stover to produce 100kgs glucose at a chemical cost of $8.67 while NaOH required 300kgs at a cost of $22.38. The recirculation concept was used to enzymatically hydrolyze pretreated substrate in-situ with an initial solids content of 14-16% (w/w). The bulk in-situ hydrolysis produced mean glucose yields ~70% greater than an NREL hydrolysis modified to 16% (w/w) solids and reached ~77% of the yield of an NREL hydrolysis at 2.7% (w/w) solids.
Wilsonian effective potentials and closed string field theory
Creators: name: Erler, Theodore
name: Fırat, Atakan Hilmi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate Wilsonian effective field theory as a model for the construction of the tachyon potential and nonperturbative vacua in closed string field theory. In a number of cases we are able to find the effective potential exactly, and observe what appear to be universal features. We find that the effective field theory contains the same nonperturbative vacuum structure as the bare Lagrangian, though this information is encoded less efficiently as the distance scale of the effective field theory is increased. The implication is that closed string field theory plausibly contains information about the nonperturbative vacuum structure of string theory, in spite of its similarities to effective field theory. We also truncate the effective potential at a fixed power of the field and investigate how the global structure of the effective potential may be approximated via Padé resummation. Qualitative comparisons suggest that computation of the eighth to sixteenth order closed string vertex should be enough to obtain reliable results for the closed string field theory action evaluated on the tachyon field.
description: 36 pages, 14 figures, 3 tables
Quantum string cosmology in the phase space
Creators: name: Cordero, Ruben
name: Diaz, Erik
name: Garcia-Compean, Hugo
name: Turrubiates, Francisco J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Deformation quantization is applied to quantize gravitational systems coupled with matter. This quantization procedure is performed explicitly for quantum cosmology of these systems in a flat minisuper(phase)space. The procedure is employed in a quantum string minisuperspace corresponding to an axion-dilaton system in an isotropic FRW Universe. The Wheeler-DeWitt-Moyal equation is obtained and its corresponding Wigner function is given analytically in terms of Meijer's functions. Finally, this Wigner functions is used to extract physical information of the system.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, to appear in the Proceedings of the VIII Mexican Workshop on Gravitation and Mathematical Physics
A Close-Up View Of The Horseshoe Disk Hd142527
Creators: name: Boehler, Yann
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016

description: Transitions disks are perfect laboratories to study disks in dissipation phase, generally due to the presence of planets. We present ALMA observations of the very large horseshoe transitional disk HD142527 (up to 400 AU in gas). Many features are now visible as shadows by the inner disk, large inner cavity, local heating due to surface perturbations, photodissociation effects, etc.
description: Yann Boehler, Andrea Isella et al. (In preparation)
On dynamic pitch benefit for speech recognition in speech masker
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: speech recognition in noise
pitch perception
aging
hearing loss
cognition

description: © 2018 Shen and Souza. Previous work demonstrated that dynamic pitch (i.e., pitch variation in speech) aids speech recognition in various types of noises. While this finding suggests dynamic pitch enhancement in target speech can benefit speech recognition in noise, it is of importance to know what noise characteristics affect dynamic pitch benefit, and who will benefit from enhanced dynamic pitch cues. Following our recent finding that temporal modulation in noise influences dynamic pitch benefit, we examined the effect of speech masker characteristics on dynamic pitch benefit. Specifically, the first goal of the study was to test the hypothesis that dynamic pitch benefit varies depending on the availability of pitch cues in the masker and the intelligibility of masker. The second goal of this study was to investigate whether older listeners as a group can benefit from dynamic pitch for speech recognition in speech maskers. In addition, individual factors of hearing loss and working memory capacity were examined for their impact on older listeners' dynamic pitch benefit. Twenty-three younger listeners with normal hearing and 37 older listeners with varying levels of hearing sensitivity participated the study, in which speech reception thresholds were measured with sentences in speech maskers. While we did not find an effect of masker characteristics on dynamic pitch benefit, the results showed older listeners can benefit from dynamic pitch for recognizing speech in speech maskers. The data also suggest that among those older listeners with hearing loss, dynamic pitch benefit is stronger for individuals with higher working memory capacity. This can be attributed to their ability to exploit facilitated lexical access in processing of degraded speech signal.
Staggered Quantum Algorithm For Element Distinctness
Creators: name: Abreu, A. S.
name: Kowada, L. A. B.
name: Marquezino, F. L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: quantum algoritms
quantum walks
staggered quantum walks
element distinctness

description: The element distinctness problem consists in finding, given a list of elements, if there is some collision (two or more equal elements).

The quantum algorithm for element distinctness was first proposed by Ambainis and uses important concepts of quantum walks. Ambainis' algorithm performs a quantum walk over the edges of a Johnson graph while searches for a marked vertex. Szegedy generalized this process into a quantum walk model on bipartite graphs, leading to the formulation of other important algorithms. Recently, Portugal et al. introduced the staggered quantum walk, a novel quantum walk model which includes Szegedy's model as a particular case. In this work, we reformulate the element distinctness quantum algorithm using a staggered quantum walk. We show that our new formulation requires less memory than the original one while keeping the same query complexity.
GNOMES II: Analysis of the Galactic diffuse molecular ISM in all four ground state hydroxyl transitions using Amoeba
Creators: name: Petzler, Anita
name: Dawson, J. R.
name: Nguyen, Hiep
name: Heiles, Carl
name: Wardle, M.
name: Lee, M. -Y.
name: Murray, Claire E.
name: Thompson, K. L.
name: Stanimirovic, Snezana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observations of the four 2 Pi 3/2 J = 3/2 ground-rotational state transitions of the hydroxyl molecule (OH) along 107 lines of sight both in and out of the Galactic plane: 92 sets of observations from the Arecibo telescope and 15 sets of observations from the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA). Our Arecibo observations included off-source pointings, allowing us to measure excitation temperature (Tex) and optical depth, while our ATCA observations give optical depth only. We perform Gaussian decomposition using the Automated Molecular Excitation Bayesian line-fitting Algorithm 'AMOEBA' (Petzler, Dawson, and Wardle 2021) fitting all four transitions simultaneously with shared centroid velocity and width. We identify 109 features across 38 sightlines (including 58 detections along 27 sightlines with excitation temperature measurements). While the main lines at 1665 and 1667 MHz tend to have similar excitation temperatures (median Tex(main) difference = 0.6 K, 84% show Tex(main) difference < 2 K), large differences in the 1612 and 1720 MHz satellite line excitation temperatures show that the gas is generally not in LTE. For a selection of sightlines we compare our OH features to associated (on-sky and in velocity) HI cold gas components (CNM) identified by Nguyen et al. (2019) and find no strong correlations. We speculate that this may indicate an effective decoupling of the molecular gas from the CNM once it accumulates.
description: Accepted for publication to PASA. 41 pages, 27 figures
Comparison of Head Impact Exposure Between Concussed Football Athletes and Matched Controls: Evidence for a Possible Second Mechanism of Sport-Related Concussion
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Repetitive head impact exposure
Subconcussive
Traumatic brain injury
Sport-related concussion

description: Studies of football athletes have implicated repetitive head impact exposure in the onset of cognitive and brain structural changes, even in the absence of diagnosed concussion. Those studies imply accumulating damage from successive head impacts reduces tolerance and increases risk for concussion. Support for this premise is that biomechanics of head impacts resulting in concussion are often not remarkable when compared to impacts sustained by athletes without diagnosed concussion. Accordingly, this analysis quantified repetitive head impact exposure in a cohort of 50 concussed NCAA Division I FBS college football athletes compared to controls that were matched for team and position group. The analysis quantified the number of head impacts and risk weighted exposure both on the day of injury and for the season to the date of injury. 43% of concussed athletes had the most severe head impact exposure on the day of injury compared to their matched control group and 46% of concussed athletes had the most severe head impact exposure for the season to the date of injury compared to their matched control group. When accounting for date of injury or season to date of injury, 72% of all concussed athletes had the most or second most severe head impact exposure compared to their matched control group. These trends associating cumulative head impact exposure with concussion onset were stronger for athletes that participated in a greater number of contact activities. For example, 77% of athletes that participated in ten or more days of contact activities had greater head impact exposure than their matched control group. This unique analysis provided further evidence for the role of repetitive head impact exposure as a predisposing factor for the onset of concussion. The clinical implication of these findings supports contemporary trends of limiting head impact exposure for college football athletes during practice activities in an effort to also reduce risk of concussive injury.
Properties of hadrons in a chiral model with (axial-)vector mesons
Creators: name: Giacosa, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent advances in the development of a chiral linear $σ$-model with (axial-)vector mesons are presented. The model is based on the basic requirements of global chiral symmetry and dilatation invariance. The role of (axial-)vector states turns out to be crucial both in the meson and the baryon sectors. First results at nonzero temperature and density are discussed.
description: 7 pages. Based on the presentation given at the International School of Nuclear Physics, "From Quarks and Gluons to Hadrons and Nuclei", Erice (Sicily/ Italy), 16-24 September 2011
Beam-target helicity asymmetry e in K0 Λ and K0 Σ0 photoproduction on the neutron
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: nucl-ex

description: © 2018 American Physical Society. We report the first measurements of the E beam-target helicity asymmetry for the γ - n - →K0Λ and K0Σ0 channels in the energy range 1.70≤W≤2.34 GeV. The CLAS system at Jefferson Lab uses a circularly polarized photon beam and a target consisting of longitudinally polarized solid molecular hydrogen deuteride with low background contamination for the measurements. The multivariate analysis method boosted decision trees is used to isolate the reactions of interest. Comparisons with predictions from the KaonMAID, SAID, and Bonn-Gatchina models are presented. These results will help separate the isospin I=0 and I=1 photocoupling transition amplitudes in pseudoscalar meson photoproduction.
Volatile exposures on the 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko nucleus
Creators: name: Fornasier, S.
name: Hoang, H. V.
name: Fulle, M.
name: Quirico, E.
name: Ciarniello, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the most extensive catalog of exposures of volatiles on the 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko nucleus generated from observations acquired with the OSIRIS cameras on board the Rosetta mission. We identified more than 600 volatile exposures on the comet. Bright spots are found isolated on the nucleus or grouped in clusters, usually at the bottom of cliffs, and most of them are small, typically a few square meters or smaller. Several of them are clearly correlated with the cometary activity. We note a number of peculiar exposures of volatiles with negative spectral slope values in the high-resolution post-perihelion images, which we interpret as the presence of large ice grains ($>$ 1000 $μ$m) or local frosts condensation. We observe a clear difference both in the spectral slope and in the area distributions of the bright spots pre- and post-perihelion, with these last having lower average spectral slope values and a smaller size, with a median surface of 0.7 m$^2$, even if the size difference is mainly due to the higher resolution achieved post-perihelion. The minimum duration of the bright spots shows three clusters: an area-independent cluster dominated by short-lifetime frosts; an area-independent cluster with lifetime of 0.5--2 days, probably associated with the seasonal fallout of dehydrated chunks; and an area-dependent cluster with lifetime longer than 2 days consistent with water-driven erosion of the nucleus. Even if numerous bright spots are detected, the total surface of exposed water ice is less than 0.1% of the total 67P nucleus surface, confirming that the 67P surface is dominated by refractory dark terrains, while exposed ice occupies only a tiny fraction. Moreover, the abundance of volatile exposures is six times less in the small lobe than in the big lobe, adding additional evidence to the hypothesis that comet 67P is composed of two distinct bodies.
description: 24 pages, 19 Figures; paper accepted for publication in Astron. and Astrophysics on February 2023
River Permeability Predicts Population Structure in Birds
Creators: name: Dean, Morgan
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2022
Subjects: dispersal
population structure

description: Intra-specific population genetic differentiation is an important predictor of speciation. Understanding how geographic barriers impact the cohesion of populations is therefore critical in explaining diversification. However, quantifying barrier permeability at broad scales is difficult, as permeability is determined by a host of factors including the attributes of the barrier, ecological constraints on dispersal, and species-level differences in dispersal ability; as a result, large scale comparative empirical studies that examine the relationship between barrier permeability and population divergence are limited. We test whether river and mountain permeability predict intra-specific genetic divergence for 30 species of birds spanning 17 families across both passerines (90%) and non-passerines (10%). Using 141 cross-barrier populations, we model mitochondrial divergence as a function of barrier permeability (river width, and least-cost-distance across mountains), dispersal ability, average population size, diet, habitat, and territoriality. Surprisingly, we find no relationship between dispersal ability and divergence, and no evidence that dispersal ability mediates the effects of barrier permeability on divergence. Similarly, we find no evidence of a strong role for any of our ecological variables on divergence. Variation in mountain permeability does not predict differentiation, suggesting mountains can largely be considered similar in their effects on population genetic structure. We do find that variation in river permeability predicts genetic differentiation, suggesting that rivers vary in their impacts on gene flow, and that width may be a good indicator of river permeability despite its dynamic nature.
Collaborative alert ranking for anomaly detection
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Anomaly detection
Alert ranking
Temporal dependency modeling
Content dependency modeling
Entity embedding
Enterprise security system

description: © 2018 Association for Computing Machinery. Given a large number of low-quality heterogeneous categorical alerts collected from an anomaly detection system, how to characterize the complex relationships between different alerts and deliver trustworthy rankings to end users? While existing techniques focus on either mining alert patterns or filtering out false positive alerts, it can be more advantageous to consider the two perspectives simultaneously in order to improve detection accuracy and better understand abnormal system behaviors. In this paper, we propose CAR, a collaborative alert ranking framework that exploits both temporal and content correlations from heterogeneous categorical alerts. CAR first builds a hierarchical Bayesian model to capture both short-term and long-term dependencies in each alert sequence. Then, an entity embedding-based model is proposed to learn the content correlations between alerts via their heterogeneous categorical attributes. Finally, by incorporating both temporal and content dependencies into a unified optimization framework, CAR ranks both alerts and their corresponding alert patterns. Our experiments - using both synthetic and real-world enterprise security alert data - show that CAR can accurately identify true positive alerts and successfully reconstruct the attack scenarios at the same time.
The Magnetic Field Geometry Of Cool Stars
Creators: name: See, Victor
name: Jardine, Moira
name: Vidotto, Aline
name: Donati, Jean-Francois
name: Folsom, Colin
name: Boro Saikia, Sudeshna
name: Bouvier, Jerome
name: Fares, Rim
name: Gregory, Scott
name: Hussain, Gaitee
name: Jeffers, Sandra
name: Marsden, Stephen
name: Morin, Julien
name: Moutou, Claire
name: do Nascimento Jr, Jose-Dias
name: Petit, Pascal
name: Rosen, Lisa
name: Waite, Ian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: stellar magnetic fields
spectropolarimetry

description: Zeeman-Doppler imaging has been used to map the large-scale surface magnetic fields of cool stars across a wide range of stellar masses and rotation periods. The derived field geometries are surprising, with many stars showing strong azimuthal fields that are not observed on the Sun. In this poster, using ~100 magnetic maps of over 50 stars, we present results showing how the magnetic field geometry of cool stars varies as a function of fundamental parameters. The stellar mass, and hence internal structure, critically influences the field geometry, although this is modified by the stellar rotation rate. We discuss the implications of these results for dynamo theory and the nature of stellar magnetic activity.
description: Poster #34
Fermion masses, critical behavior and universality
Creators: name: Feruglio, Ferruccio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We look for signals of critical behavior in the Yukawa sector. By reviewing a set of models for the fermion masses, we select those where a symmetry-breaking order parameter sits at a transition point between a disordered phase and an ordered one. Many models based on ordinary flavor symmetries are formulated in terms of small corrections to a symmetric limit, which can hardly be interpreted unambiguously as a sign of near-criticality. Different is the case of nonlinearly realized flavor symmetries when the system is always in the broken phase. By inspecting a large number of modular and CP invariant models of lepton masses, we find that most of them cluster around the fixed point $τ= i$, where the system enjoys enhanced symmetry. Since a priori all values of the modulus $τ$ are equally acceptable to describe the fermion spectrum, we regard this preference as a hint of near-criticality. We analyze in detail these models in the vicinity of all fixed points, showing that only one possibility provides a good description of neutrino masses and mixing angles. Near the fixed points the models exhibit a universal behavior. Mass ratios and mixing angles scale with appropriate powers of the order parameter, independently of the details of the theory, a feature reminiscent of systems belonging to the same universality class in second-order phase transitions. The observations of this work are inspired by the role near-criticality might play in solving the naturalness problem and are motivated by the fascinating possibility that most of the free parameters of the Standard Model could find a common explanation.
The Midplane Conditions Of Protoplanetary Discs: A Case Study Of Hd163296
Creators: name: Boneberg, Dominika
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016

description: We present a novel approach to study the midplane gas of protoplanetary discs by combining modelling of the SED, CO snowline and ALMA C18O line emission to break degeneracies in the parameter space.

We apply the technique to the disc around the Herbig Ae star HD163296,  focussing on the regions within the CO snowline radius. Our models favour a notably low gas to dust ratio (g/d~20).
description: Olja Panić, Thomas Haworth, Cathie Clarke, Michiel Min

More details: Boneberg et al. 2016 (arXiv:1605.07938)
Late Inspiral and Merger of Binary Black Holes in Scalar-Tensor Theories of Gravity
Creators: name: Healy, James
name: Bode, Tanja
name: Haas, Roland
name: Pazos, Enrique
name: Laguna, Pablo
name: Shoemaker, Deirdre M.
name: Yunes, Nicolás
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational wave observations will probe non-linear gravitational interactions and thus enable strong tests of Einstein's theory of general relativity. We present a numerical relativity study of the late inspiral and merger of binary black holes in scalar-tensor theories of gravity. We consider black hole binaries in an inhomogeneous scalar field, specifically binaries inside a scalar field bubble, in some cases with a potential. We calculate the emission of dipole radiation. We also show how these configurations trigger detectable differences between gravitational waves in scalar-tensor gravity and the corresponding waves in general relativity. We conclude that, barring an external mechanism to induce dynamics in the scalar field, scalar-tensor gravity binary black holes alone are not capable of awaking a dormant scalar field, and are thus observationally indistinguishable from their general relativistic counterparts.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, 1 table