cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An Open-Source Multi-Goal Reinforcement Learning Environment for Robotic Manipulation with Pybullet
Creators: name: Yang, Xintong
name: Ji, Ze
name: Wu, Jing
name: Lai, Yu-Kun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This work re-implements the OpenAI Gym multi-goal robotic manipulation environment, originally based on the commercial Mujoco engine, onto the open-source Pybullet engine. By comparing the performances of the Hindsight Experience Replay-aided Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient agent on both environments, we demonstrate our successful re-implementation of the original environment. Besides, we provide users with new APIs to access a joint control mode, image observations and goals with customisable camera and a built-in on-hand camera. We further design a set of multi-step, multi-goal, long-horizon and sparse reward robotic manipulation tasks, aiming to inspire new goal-conditioned reinforcement learning algorithms for such challenges. We use a simple, human-prior-based curriculum learning method to benchmark the multi-step manipulation tasks. Discussions about future research opportunities regarding this kind of tasks are also provided.
description: Submitted to Taros 2021
Probing the local rapidity distribution of a 1D Bose gas
Creators: name: Dubois, L.
name: Thémèze, G.
name: Nogrette, F.
name: Dubail, J.
name: Bouchoule, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One-dimensional Bose gases with contact repulsive interactions are characterized by the presence of infinite-lifetime quasiparticles whose momenta are called the `rapidities'. Here we develop a probe of the local rapidity distribution, based on the fact that rapidities are the asymptotic momenta of the particles after a long one-dimensional expansion. This is done by performing an expansion of a selected slice of the gas. We first apply this idea to a cloud in the quasi-condensate regime at equilibrium in a trap. We obtain an experimental picture of the position-dependent rapidity distribution which is in fair agreement with the theory prediction. The asymptotic regime is barely reached, but we show that finite expansion time can be taken into account using the Generalized Hydrodynamics theory. We then apply this local probe to an out-of-equilibrium situation where the local rapidity distribution is expected to be doubly peaked -- a hallmark of a non-thermal state -- even though the global rapidity distribution would possess no such distinctive feature. We observe the doubly-peaked local rapidity distribution.
On finite groups isospectral to simple classical groups
Creators: name: Vasil'ev, Andrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20D06, 20D20

description: The spectrum $ω(G)$ of a finite group $G$ is the set of element orders of $G$. Finite groups $G$ and $H$ are isospectral if their spectra coincide. Suppose that $L$ is a simple classical group of sufficiently large dimension (the lower bound varies for different types of groups but is at most 62) defined over a finite field of characteristic $p$. It is proved that a finite group $G$ isospectral to $L$ cannot have a nonabelian composition factor which is a group of Lie type defined over a field of characteristic distinct from $p$. Together with a series of previous results this implies that every finite group $G$ isospectral to $L$ is `close' to $L$. Namely, if $L$ is a linear or unitary group, then $L\leqslant G\leqslant\operatorname{Aut}(L)$, in particular, there are only finitely many such groups $G$ for given $L$. If $L$ is a symplectic or orthogonal group, then $G$ has a unique nonabelian composition factor $S$ and, for given $L$, there are at most 3 variants for $S$ (including $S\simeq L$).
description: 70 pages
Questioning the adequacy of certain quantum arrival-time distributions
Creators: name: Das, Siddhant
name: Struyve, Ward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that a class of exponentially decaying time-of-arrival probability distributions suggested by Włodarz, Marchewka and Schuss, and Jurman and Nikolić, as well as a semiclassical distribution implicit in time-of-flight momentum measurements, do not show the expected behavior for a Gaussian wave train. This casts doubts on the physical adequacy of these arrival-time proposals. In contrast, the quantum flux distribution (a special case of the Bohmian arrival-time distribution) displays the expected behavior.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Harmonic morphisms from homogeneous spaces of positive curvature
Creators: name: Gudmundsson, Sigmundur
name: Svensson, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58E20, 53C43, 53C12

description: We prove local existence of complex-valued harmonic morphisms from any Riemannian homogeneous spaces of positive curvature, except the Berger space Sp(2)/SU(2).
An odd feature of the `most classical' states of $SU(2)$ invariant quantum mechanical systems
Creators: name: Szabados, László B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Complex and spinorial techniques of general relativity are used to determine all the states of the $SU(2)$ invariant quantum mechanical systems in which the equality holds in the uncertainty relations for the components of the angular momentum vector operator in two given directions. The expectation values depend on a discrete quantum number and two parameters, one of them is the angle between the two angular momentum components and the other is the quotient of the two standard deviations. Allowing the angle between the two angular momentum components to be arbitrary, \emph{a new genuine quantum mechanical phenomenon emerges}: It is shown that although the standard deviations change continuously, one of the expectation values changes \emph{discontinuously} on this parameter space. Since physically neither of the angular momentum components is distinguished over the other, this discontinuity suggests that the genuine parameter space must be a \emph{double cover} of this classical one: It must be diffeomorphic to a \emph{Riemann surface} known in connection with the complex function $\sqrt{z}$. Moreover, the angle between the angular momentum components plays the role of the parameter of an interpolation between the continuous range of the expectation values found in the special case of the orthogonal angular momentum components and the discrete point spectrum of one angular momentum component. The consequences in the \emph{simultaneous} measurements of these angular momentum components are also discussed briefly.
description: 26 pages; v3: typos corrected, discussion improved; v4: final version, a new appendix with quantum optical/information theoretical interpretation of certain spinorial notions is added, appeared in J.Math.Phys
title: CUBCO+: prediction of protein complexes based on min-cut network partitioning into biclique spanned subgraphs
Creators: name: Omranian, Sara
name: Nikoloski, Zoran
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften

description: High-throughput proteomics approaches have resulted in large-scale protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks that have been employed for the prediction of protein complexes. However, PPI networks contain false-positive as well as false-negative PPIs that affect the protein complex prediction algorithms. To address this issue, here we propose an algorithm called CUBCO+ that: (1) employs GO semantic similarity to retain only biologically relevant interactions with a high similarity score, (2) based on link prediction approaches, scores the false-negative edges, and (3) incorporates the resulting scores to predict protein complexes. Through comprehensive analyses with PPIs from Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and Homo sapiens, we show that CUBCO+ performs as well as the approaches that predict protein complexes based on recently introduced graph partitions into biclique spanned subgraphs and outperforms the other state-of-the-art approaches. Moreover, we illustrate that in combination with GO semantic similarity, CUBCO+ enables us to predict more accurate protein complexes in 36% of the cases in comparison to CUBCO as its predecessor.
description: Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe; 1315
Fourier Series Expansion Based Filter Parametrization for Equivariant Convolutions
Creators: name: Xie, Qi
name: Zhao, Qian
name: Xu, Zongben
name: Meng, Deyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: It has been shown that equivariant convolution is very helpful for many types of computer vision tasks. Recently, the 2D filter parametrization technique plays an important role when designing equivariant convolutions. However, the current filter parametrization method still has its evident drawbacks, where the most critical one lies in the accuracy problem of filter representation. Against this issue, in this paper we modify the classical Fourier series expansion for 2D filters, and propose a new set of atomic basis functions for filter parametrization. The proposed filter parametrization method not only finely represents 2D filters with zero error when the filter is not rotated, but also substantially alleviates the fence-effect-caused quality degradation when the filter is rotated. Accordingly, we construct a new equivariant convolution method based on the proposed filter parametrization method, named F-Conv. We prove that the equivariance of the proposed F-Conv is exact in the continuous domain, which becomes approximate only after discretization. Extensive experiments show the superiority of the proposed method. Particularly, we adopt rotation equivariant convolution methods to image super-resolution task, and F-Conv evidently outperforms previous filter parametrization based method in this task, reflecting its intrinsic capability of faithfully preserving rotation symmetries in local image features.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures
Description of the R&I ecosystem landscapes of Grand-Est, Styria and Värmland. DigiTeRRI Deliverable 2.3.
Creators: name: Paier, Manfred
name: Kasztler, Andrea
name: Toussaint, Stéphanie
name: Heller-Schuh, Barbara
name: Schiebel, Edgar
name: Zahradnik, Georg
name: Stegmann McCallion, Malin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: R&I ecosystems
Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI)
Digitalisation
Institutional mapping
Science mapping
R&D networks
Technological specialization

description: Mapping of the territorial R&I ecosystems Grand Est, Styria and Värmland in a comparative perspective, with respect to (i) R&I governance, strategies and actors, and (ii) regarding their R&I activities and the role of digitalisation therein.
description: This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement nº 873010. Project title: Responsible Research and Innovation approach for transitioning the traditional industry regions into digitalised industry territories (DigiTeRRI). Project coordinator: Marianne Hörlesberger, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH Project URL: www.digiterri.eu
Binary mergers in the centers of galaxies: synergy between stellar flybys and tidal fields
Creators: name: Winter-Granic, Mila
name: Petrovich, Cristobal
name: Peña-Donaire, Valentín
name: Hamilton, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galactic centers are very dynamically active environments, often harbouring a nuclear star cluster and supermassive black hole at their cores. Binaries in these environments are subject to strong tidal fields that can efficiently torque its orbit, exciting near unity eccentricities that ultimately lead to their merger. In turn, frequent close interactions with passing stars impulsively perturb the orbit of the binary, generally softening their orbit until their evaporation, potentially hindering the role of tides to drive these mergers. In this work, we study the evolution of compact object binaries in the galactic center and their merger rates, focusing for the first time on the combined effect of the cluster's tidal field and flyby interactions. We find a significant synergy between both processes, where merger rates increase by a factor of ~10-30 compared to models in which only flybys or tides are taken into account. This synergy is a consequence of the persistent tides-driven eccentricity excitation that is enhanced by the gradual diffusion of $j_z$ driven by flybys. The merger efficiency peaks when the diffusion rate is ~10-100 slower than the tides-driven torquing. Added to this synergy, we also find that the gradual softening of the binary can lift the relativistic quenching of initially tight binaries, otherwise unable to reach extreme eccentricities, and thus expanding the available phase-space for mergers. Cumulatively, we conclude that despite the gradual softening of binaries due to flybys, these greatly enhance their merger rates in galaxy centers by promoting the tidal field-driven eccentricity excitation.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures. Revised version, submitted to the AAS Journals
F-term Axion Monodromy Inflation
Creators: name: Marchesano, Fernando
name: Shiu, Gary
name: Uranga, Angel M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The continuous shift symmetry of axions is at the heart of several realizations of inflationary models. In particular, axion monodromy inflation aims at achieving super-Planckian field ranges for the inflaton in the context of string theory. Despite the elegant underlying principle, explicit models constructed hitherto are exceedingly complicated. We propose a new and better axion monodromy inflationary scenario, where the inflaton potential arises from an F-term. We present several scenarios, where the axion arises from the Kaluza-Klein compactification of higher dimensional gauge fields (or p-form potentials) in the presence of fluxes and/or torsion homology. The monodromy corresponds to a change in the background fluxes, and its F-term nature manifests in the existence of domain walls interpolating among flux configurations. Our scenario leads to diverse inflaton potentials, including linear large field behaviour, chaotic inflation, as well as potentials with even higher powers. They provide an elegant set of constructions with properties in the ballpark of the recent BICEP2 observational data on primordial gravitational waves.
description: minors corrections, references added
QUBO-inspired Molecular Fingerprint for Chemical Property Prediction
Creators: name: Yawata, Koichiro
name: Osakabe, Yoshihiro
name: Okuyama, Takuya
name: Asahara, Akinori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Molecular fingerprints are widely used for predicting chemical properties, and selecting appropriate fingerprints is important. We generate new fingerprints based on the assumption that a performance of prediction using a more effective fingerprint is better. We generate effective interaction fingerprints that are the product of multiple base fingerprints. It is difficult to evaluate all combinations of interaction fingerprints because of computational limitations. Against this problem, we transform a problem of searching more effective interaction fingerprints into a quadratic unconstrained binary optimization problem. In this study, we found effective interaction fingerprints using QM9 dataset.
description: 2022 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data). arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2303.09772
Measuring the Stellar and Planetary Properties of the 51 Eridani System
Creators: name: Elliott, Ashley
name: Boyajian, Tabetha
name: Ellis, Tyler
name: von Braun, Kaspar
name: Mann, Andrew W.
name: Schaefer, Gail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to study exoplanets, a comprehensive characterization of the fundamental properties of the host stars, such as angular diameter, temperature, luminosity, and age, is essential, as the formation and evolution of exoplanets are directly influenced by the host stars at various points in time. In this paper, we present interferometric observations taken of directly imaged planet host 51 Eridani at the CHARA Array. We measure the limb-darkened angular diameter of HD 29391 to be $θ_{\rm LD} = 0.450\pm 0.006 \rm ~mas$ and combining with the Gaia zero-point corrected parallax, we get a stellar radius of $1.45 \pm 0.02 \rm~R_{\odot}$. We use the PARSEC isochrones to estimate an age of $23.2^{+1.7}_{-2.0} \rm ~Myr$ and a mass of $1.550^{+0.006}_{-0.005}\rm ~M_{\odot}$. The age and mass agree well with values in the literature, determined through a variety of methods ranging from dynamical age trace-backs to lithium depletion boundary methods. We derive a mass of $4.1 \pm 0.4\rm ~M_{Jup}$ for 51 Eri b using the Sonora Bobcat models, which further supports the possibility of 51 Eri b forming under either the hot-start formation model or the warm-start formation model.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables
Massive Gravitons as Feebly Interacting Dark Matter Candidates
Creators: name: Cai, Haiying
name: Cacciapaglia, Giacomo
name: Lee, Seung J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We detailed our discovery of a chiral enhancement in the production cross sections of massive spin-2 gravitons, below the electroweak symmetry breaking scale, that makes them ideal dark matter candidates for the freeze-in mechanism. The result is independent of the physics at high scales, and points toward masses in the keV- MeV range. The graviton is, therefore, a sub-MeV dark matter particle, as favored by the small scale galaxy structures. We apply the novel calculation to a Randall-Sundrum model with multiple branes, showing a significant parameter space where the first two massive gravitons saturate the dark matter relic density.
description: 6 pages plus appendix, 2 figures; published version
Wave momentum shaping for moving objects in heterogeneous and dynamic media
Creators: name: Orazbayev, Bakhtiyar
name: Malléjac, Matthieu
name: Bachelard, Nicolas
name: Rotter, Stefan
name: Fleury, Romain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light and sound waves have the fascinating property that they can move objects through the transfer of linear or angular momentum. This ability has led to the development of optical and acoustic tweezers, with applications ranging from biomedical engineering to quantum optics. Although impressive manipulation results have been achieved, the stringent requirement for a highly controlled, low-reverberant, and static environment still hinders the applicability of these techniques in many scenarios. Here, we overcome this challenge and demonstrate the manipulation of objects in disordered and dynamic media, by optimally tailoring the momentum of sound waves iteratively in the far field. The method does not require information about the object's physical properties or the spatial structure of the surrounding medium but relies only on a real-time scattering matrix measurement and a positional guidestar. Our experiment demonstrates the possibility of optimally moving and rotating objects, extending the reach of wave-based object manipulation to complex and dynamic scattering media. We envision new opportunities for biomedical applications, sensing, or manufacturing.
Efficient Modeling and Forecasting of the Electricity Spot Price
Creators: name: Ziel, Florian
name: Steinert, Rick
name: Husmann, Sven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Econometrics (econ.EM)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: Trading and Market Microstructure (q-fin.TR)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The increasing importance of renewable energy, especially solar and wind power, has led to new forces in the formation of electricity prices. Hence, this paper introduces an econometric model for the hourly time series of electricity prices of the European Power Exchange (EPEX) which incorporates specific features like renewable energy. The model consists of several sophisticated and established approaches and can be regarded as a periodic VAR-TARCH with wind power, solar power, and load as influences on the time series. It is able to map the distinct and well-known features of electricity prices in Germany. An efficient iteratively reweighted lasso approach is used for the estimation. Moreover, it is shown that several existing models are outperformed by the procedure developed in this paper.
Compatibility of Planck and BICEP2 in the Light of Inflation
Creators: name: Martin, Jerome
name: Ringeval, Christophe
name: Trotta, Roberto
name: Vennin, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the implications for inflation of the detection of B-modes polarization in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) by BICEP2. We show that the hypothesis of primordial origin of the measurement is only favored by the first four bandpowers, while the others would prefer unreasonably large values of the tensor-to-scalar ratio. Using only those four bandpowers, we carry out a complete analysis in the cosmological and inflationary slow-roll parameter space using the BICEP2 polarization measurements alone and extract the Bayesian evidences and complexities for all the Encyclopaedia Inflationaris models. This allows us to determine the most probable and simplest BICEP2 inflationary scenarios. Although this list contains the simplest monomial potentials, it also includes many other scenarios, suggesting that focusing model building efforts on large field models only is unjustified at this stage. We demonstrate that the sets of inflationary models preferred by Planck alone and BICEP2 alone are almost disjoint, indicating a clear tension between the two data sets. We address this tension with a Bayesian measure of compatibility between BICEP2 and Planck. We find that for models favored by Planck the two data sets tend to be incompatible, whereas there is a moderate evidence of compatibility for the BICEP2 preferred models. As a result, it would be premature to draw any conclusion on the best Planck models, such as Starobinsky and/or Kahler moduli inflation. For the subset of scenarios not exhibiting data sets incompatibility, we update the evidences and complexities using both data sets together.
description: 26 pages, 19 figures, uses RevTex. References added, matches published version
A novel Three-Dimensional Micro-Electrode Array for in-vitro electrophysiological applications
Creators: name: COLISTRA, NICOLO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli studi di Genova
Year: 2019

description: Microelectrode arrays (MEAs) represent a powerful and popular tool to study in vitro neuronal networks and acute brain slices. The research standard for MEAs is planar or 2D-MEAs, which have been in existence for over 30 years and used for extracellular recording and stimulation from cultured neuronal cells and tissue slices. However, planar MEAs suffer from rapid data attenuation in the z-direction when stimulating/recording from 3D in-vitro neuronal cultures or brain slices. The existing proposed 3D in-vitro neuronal models allow to record the electrophysiological activity of the 3D network only from the bottom layer (i.e. the one directly coupled to the planar MEAs). Thus, to further develop and optimize such 3D neuronal network systems and to study and understand how the 3D neuronal network dynamics changes in different layers of the 3D structure, new three-dimensional microelectrodes arrays (3D-MEAs) are required. Early attempts in this field resulted in interesting integrated approaches toward protruding or spiked 3D-MEAs. Although these first prototypes could be successfully employed with brain slices, the limited heights of the electrodes (up to max 70 ?m) and the peculiar shape of the recording areas made them not an ideal solution for 3D neuronal cultures. Moreover, a convenient and versatile method for the fabrication of multilevel 3D microelectrode arrays has yet to be obtained, due to the usually complicated and expensive designs and a lack of a full compatibility with standard MEAs both in terms of materials and recording area dimensions. To overcome the afore-mentioned challenges, in this work, I present the design, microfabrication, and characterization of a new 3D-MEA composed of pillar-shaped gold 3D structures with heights of more than 100 ?m that can be used, in principle, on every kind of MEA, both custom-made and commercial. I successfully demonstrate the capability and ability of such 3D-MEA to record electrophysiological spontaneous activity from 3D engineered in-vitro neuronal networks and both 4-AP-induced epileptiform-like and electrically-evoked activity from mouse acute brain slices. I also demonstrate how the developed 3D-MEA allows better recording and stimulating conditions while interfacing with acute brain slices as compared to planar electrode arrays and previously reported 3D MEA technologies.
The generation and characterization of a human induced pluripotent stem cell model for the tuberous sclerosis complex
Creators: name: Zucco, Avery
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2018

description: Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by the mutation of either the TSC1 or TSC2 genes and characterized by the presence of benign cortical lesions known as cortical tubers. A large proportion of patients with TSC exhibit neurological symptoms including epilepsy and intellectual disability, and a further 50% meet the diagnostic criteria for Autism. However, the appearance of this broad spectrum of neurologic manifestations does not always correlate with the neuroanatomical defects common to TSC, suggesting the possibility of underlying functional defects affecting neural development in TSC patients. Here we have utilized neural progenitor cells (NPCs) capable of fully differentiating into neurons, which carry a heterozygous TSC2 mutation generated from patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to investigate TSC cellular and molecular phenotypes. In these cell lines we observe that TSC2 +/ NPCs exhibit changes in cell signaling along the Akt/mTORC1 signaling axis. This pathway is classically affected in TSC, with elevated pS6 and decreased phospho-Akt levels known as neuropathological hallmarks in knockout mouse models and studies of abnormal human tissue. Consistent with these previous findings we observed a decrease in the activity of AKT as measured by levels of phospho-AKT Thr308 and Ser473. Evidence of increased mTORC1 signaling was seen in one patient, but not another, suggesting TSC2 heterozygosity may produce modest signaling changes near a functional threshold for generating a molecular phenotype in NPCs. TSC2 heterozygous NPCs also exhibited a reduced capacity to produce neurons in vitro, suggesting that neural development may be impacted in TSC. Moreover, this phenotype was reproduced upon AKT inhibition of control NPC lines, but was unaffected under treatment with rapamycin, suggesting that AKT signaling may play a more prominent role in mediating the neurodevelopmental defects of TSC than previously thought.
Transposed Poisson structures on solvable Lie algebras with filiform nilradical
Creators: name: Abdurasulov, Kobiljon
name: Adashev, Jobir
name: Eshmeteva, Sabohat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17A30 (Primary), 17B40, 17B61, 17B63 (Secondary)

description: In this article, we described 1/2-derivations of solvable Lie algebras with a thread-like nilradical. Nontrivial transposed Poisson algebras with solvable Lie algebras are constructed. That is, by using 1/2-derivations of Lie algebras, we have established commutative associative multiplication to construct a transposed Poisson algebra with an associated given Lie algebra.
description: 43 pages
Discovery of a rich proto-cluster at z=2.9 and associated diffuse cold gas in the VIMOS Ultra-Deep Survey (VUDS)
Creators: name: Cucciati, O.
name: Zamorani, G.
name: Lemaux, B. C.
name: Bardelli, S.
name: Cimatti, A.
name: Fevre, O. Le
name: Cassata, P.
name: Garilli, B.
name: Brun, V. Le
name: Maccagni, D.
name: Pentericci, L.
name: Tasca, L. A. M.
name: Thomas, R.
name: Vanzella, E.
name: Zucca, E.
name: Amorin, R.
name: Capak, P.
name: Cassara, L.
name: Castellano, M.
name: Cuby, J. G.
name: de la Torre, S.
name: Durkalec, A.
name: Fontana, A.
name: Giavalisco, M.
name: Grazian, A.
name: Hathi, N. P.
name: Ilbert, O.
name: Moreau, C.
name: Paltani, S.
name: Ribeiro, B.
name: Salvato, M.
name: Schaerer, D.
name: Scodeggio, M.
name: Sommariva, V.
name: Talia, M.
name: Taniguchi, Y.
name: Tresse, L.
name: Vergani, D.
name: Wang, P. W.
name: Charlot, S.
name: Contini, T.
name: Fotopoulou, S.
name: Lopez-Sanjuan, C.
name: Mellier, Y.
name: Scoville, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [Abridged] We characterise a massive proto-cluster at z=2.895 that we found in the COSMOS field using the spectroscopic sample of the VIMOS Ultra-Deep Survey (VUDS). This is one of the rare structures at z~3 not identified around AGNs or radio galaxies, so it is an ideal laboratory to study galaxy formation in dense environments. The structure comprises 12 galaxies with secure spectroscopic redshift in an area of 7'x8', in a z bin of Dz=0.016. The measured galaxy number overdensity is delta_g=12+/-2. This overdensity has total mass of M~8.1x10^(14)M_sun in a volume of 13x15x17 Mpc^3. Simulations indicate that such an overdensity at z~2.9 is a proto-cluster that will collapse in a cluster of total mass M~2.5x10^(15)M_sun at z=0. We compare the properties of the galaxies within the overdensity with a control sample at the same z but outside the overdensity. We did not find any statistically significant difference between the properties (stellar mass, SFR, sSFR, NUV-r, r-K) of the galaxies inside and outside the overdensity. The stacked spectrum of galaxies in the overdensity background shows a significant absorption feature at the wavelength of Lya redshifted at z=2.895 (lambda=4736 A), with a rest frame EW = 4+/- 1.4 A. Stacking only background galaxies without intervening sources at z~2.9 along their line of sight, we find that this absorption feature has a rest frame EW of 10.8+/-3.7 A, with a detection S/N of ~4. These EW values imply a high column density (N(HI)~3-20x10^(19)cm^(-2)), consistent with a scenario where such absorption is due to intervening cold gas streams, falling into the halo potential wells of the proto-cluster galaxies. However, we cannot exclude the hypothesis that this absorption is due to the diffuse gas within the overdensity.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in A&A (revised version after referee's comments and language editing)
HYPERION. Coevolution of supermassive black holes and galaxies at $z>6$ and the build-up of massive galaxies
Creators: name: Tripodi, R.
name: Feruglio, C.
name: Fiore, F.
name: Zappacosta, L.
name: Piconcelli, E.
name: Bischetti, M.
name: Bongiorno, A.
name: Carniani, S.
name: Civano, F.
name: Chen, C. -C.
name: Cristiani, S.
name: Cupani, G.
name: Di Mascia, F.
name: D'Odorico, V.
name: Fan, X.
name: Ferrara, A.
name: Gallerani, S.
name: Ginolfi, M.
name: Maiolino, R.
name: Mainieri, V.
name: Marconi, A.
name: Saccheo, I.
name: Salvestrini, F.
name: Tortosa, A.
name: Valiante, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We used low- to high-frequency ALMA observations to investigate the cold gas and dust in ten QSOs at $z\gtrsim 6$. Our analysis of the CO(6-5) and CO(7-6) emission lines in the selected QSOs provided insights into their molecular gas masses, which average around $10^{10}\ \rm M_\odot$, consistent with typical values for high-redshift QSOs. Proprietary and archival ALMA observations in bands 8 and 9 enabled precise constraints on the dust properties and star formation rate (SFR) of four QSOs in our sample for the first time. The examination of the redshift distribution of dust temperatures revealed a general trend of increasing $T_{\rm dust}$ with redshift, which agrees with theoretical expectations. We computed a mean cold dust spectral energy distribution considering all ten QSOs. This offers a comprehensive view of the dust properties of high-$z$ QSOs. The QSOs marked by a more intense growth of the supermassive black hole (HYPERION QSOs) showed lower dust masses and higher gas-to-dust ratios on average, but their $\rm H_2$ gas reservoirs are consistent with those of other QSOs at the same redshift. The observed high SFR in our sample yields high SF efficiencies and thus very short gas depletion timescales ($τ_{\rm dep}\sim 10^{-2}$ Gyr). Beyond supporting the paradigm that high-$z$ QSOs reside in highly star-forming galaxies, our findings portrayed an interesting evolutionary path at $z>6$. Our study suggests that they are undergoing rapid galaxy growth that might be regulated by strong outflows. Their inferred evolutionary path shows a convergence toward the massive end of the local relation, which supports the idea that they are candidate progenitors of local massive galaxies. The observed pathway involves intense BH growth followed by substantial galaxy growth, in contrast with a symbiotic growth scenario. The abstract has been shortened (full version in the article).
description: 29 pages; 6 tables; 18 figures. Accepted by A&A. A section about SF efficiency has been added compared to the previous version
Universal mechanical instabilities in the energy landscape of amorphous solids: evidence from athermal quasistatic expansion
Creators: name: Dattani, Umang A.
name: Karmakar, Smarajit
name: Chaudhuri, Pinaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using numerical simulations, we study the failure of an amorphous solid under quasi-static expansion starting from a homogeneous high-density state. During the volume expansion, we demonstrate the existence of instabilities manifesting via saddle-node bifurcation in which a minimum meets a saddle. During all such events, the smallest eigenvalue of the Hessian matrix vanishes as a square-root singularity. The plastic instabilities are manifested via sudden jumps in pressure and energy, with the largest event happening when a cavity appears, leading to the yielding of the material. We show that during cavitation and prior to complete fracture, the statistics of pressure or energy jumps corresponding to the plastic events show sub-extensive finite-size scaling, similar to the case of simple shear but with different exponents. Thus, overall, our study reveals universality in the fundamental characteristics during mechanical failure in amorphous solids under any quasi-static deformation protocol.
description: 4 figures, ancillary pdf
Charged Rényi Entropies in CFTs with Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet Holographic Duals
Creators: name: Pastras, Georgios
name: Manolopoulos, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the Rényi entropy $S_q(μ,λ)$, for a spherical entangling surface in CFT's with Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet-Maxwell holographic duals. Rényi entropies must obey some interesting inequalities by definition. However, for Gauss-Bonnet couplings $λ$, larger than a specific value, but still allowed by causality, we observe a violation of the inequality $\frac{\partial}{\partial q}\left({\frac{q - 1}{q}S_q(μ,λ)} \right) \ge 0$, which is related to the existence of negative entropy black holes, providing interesting restrictions in the bulk theory. Moreover, we find an interesting distinction of the behaviour of the analytic continuation of $S_q(μ,λ)$ for imaginary chemical potential, between negative and non-negative $λ$.
description: 50 pages, 16 figures. v3: Version to appear in JHEP
On the minimization of Dirichlet eigenvalues
Creators: name: Berg, M. van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49Q10, 49R05, 35J25, 35P15

description: Results are obtained for two minimization problems: $$I_k(c)=\inf \{λ_k(Ω): Ω \textup{open, convex in}\ \mathbb{R}^m,\ \mathcal{T}(Ω)= c \},$$ and $$J_k(c)=\inf\{λ_k(Ω): Ω \textup{quasi-open in}\ \mathbb{R}^m, |Ω|\le 1, \mathcal {P}(Ω)\le c \},$$ where $c>0$, $λ_k(Ω)$ is the $k$'th eigenvalue of the Dirichlet Laplacian acting in $L^2(Ω)$, $|Ω|$ denotes the Lebesgue measure of $Ω$, $\mathcal{P}(Ω)$ denotes the perimeter of $Ω$, and where $\mathcal{T}$ is in a suitable class set functions. The latter include for example the perimeter of $Ω$, and the moment of inertia of $Ω$ with respect to its center of mass.
description: 15 pages
Supertwistors and massive particles
Creators: name: Mezincescu, Luca
name: Routh, Alasdair J.
name: Townsend, Paul K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the (super)twistor formulation of massless (super)particle mechanics, the mass-shell constraint is replaced by a "spin-shell" constraint from which the spin content can be read off. We extend this formalism to massive (super)particles (with N-extended spacetime supersymmetry) in three and four space-time dimensions, explaining how the spin-shell constraints are related to spin, and we use it to prove equivalence of the massive N=1 and BPS-saturated N=2 superparticle actions. We also find the supertwistor form of the action for "spinning particles" with N-extended worldline supersymmetry, massless in four dimensions and massive in three dimensions, and we show how this simplifies special features of the N=2 case.
description: 41 pages. v2 has many additional references, and more details of "hidden" supersymmetries of massive superparticle actions. New format in v3, which corrects typos and includes alternative massive 4D superparticle action with only first-class constraints
A Subquadratic Algorithm for Minimum Palindromic Factorization
Creators: name: Fici, Gabriele
name: Gagie, Travis
name: Kärkkäinen, Juha
name: Kempa, Dominik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We give an $\mathcal{O}(n \log n)$-time, $\mathcal{O}(n)$-space algorithm for factoring a string into the minimum number of palindromic substrings. That is, given a string $S [1..n]$, in $\mathcal{O}(n \log n)$ time our algorithm returns the minimum number of palindromes $S_1,\ldots, S_\ell$ such that $S = S_1 \cdots S_\ell$. We also show that the time complexity is $\mathcal{O}(n)$ on average and $Ω(n\log n)$ in the worst case. The last result is based on a characterization of the palindromic structure of Zimin words.
description: Accepted for publication in Journal of Discrete Algorithms
Implications of Seiberg-Witten map on type-I superconductors
Creators: name: Martínez-Carbajal, Daniel
name: de la Cruz, Manuel
name: Patiño-López, Sergio
name: Herrera-Zúñiga, Leonardo D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We incorporate the Seiberg-Witten map of noncommutative theory in the classical London theory of type-I superconductivity when an external magnetic field is applied. After defining the noncommutative Maxwell potentials, we derive the London equation for the supercurrent as a function of the noncommutative parameter, up to second order in gauge fields expansion. Keeping track of the effects of noncommutative gauge fields, we argue that noncommutative magnetic field effects can be cast in the permeability of the superconductor as an emergent property of the material, measurable in possible not-so-far ultra-high-energy experimental setups. Another consequence of the Seiberg-Witten map is the London penetration length that acquires corrections in the expansion. Also, we show that the flux quantization remains consistent relative to the commutative case. Our effective magnetic permeability and London penetration length reduce to the standard ones in the commutative limit.
description: Published version in IJMP-A
Long-Term Dynamics of Voluntary Engagement
Creators: name: Jacobsen, Jannes
name: Schieferdecker, David
name: Gerstorf, Denis
name: Hutter, Swen
name: Specht, Jule
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Civil society
subject: Social participation
subject: Political participation
subject: Longitudinal analyses
subject: Gender differences
subject: SOEP
subject: 150 Psychologie

description: Prior research has suggested three explanations why levels of voluntary engagement rise and fall over time within societies. A social structural explanation considers individual resources crucial for engagement and argues that a redistribution of those resources may bring about changes in engagement. A cohort-based explanation considers socialisation and experiences in formative years as crucial for the uptake of engagement. Finally, a period-based explanation considers extraordinary events, external shocks, and crises to be crucial for engagement. So far, these explanations have mainly been tested separately and little is known about the relative strength of each of the proposed factors. Using data from a large German household panel survey that assessed engagement almost annually across four decades, we found that most social structural factors (e.g., education, employment, income) maintained their predictive effects for engagement, irrespective of cohort or period. The only notable exception was that the gender gap observed has narrowed substantially across periods and cohorts. Moreover, cohort effects were rendered almost negligible once we factored in periods. Taken together, our results suggest that individual characteristics and extraordinary events are the main factors influencing voluntary engagement rather than shared societal experiences of cohorts.
A machine learning and feature engineering approach for the prediction of the uncontrolled re-entry of space objects
Creators: name: Salmaso, Francesco
name: Trisolini, Mirko
name: Colombo, Camilla
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The continuously growing number of objects orbiting around the Earth is expected to be accompanied by an increasing frequency of objects re-entering the Earth's atmosphere. Many of these re-entries will be uncontrolled, making their prediction challenging and subject to several uncertainties. Traditionally, re-entry predictions are based on the propagation of the object's dynamics using state-of-the-art modelling techniques for the forces acting on the object. However, modelling errors, particularly related to the prediction of atmospheric drag may result in poor prediction accuracies. In this context, we explore the possibility to perform a paradigm shift, from a physics-based approach to a data-driven approach. To this aim, we present the development of a deep learning model for the re-entry prediction of uncontrolled objects in Low Earth Orbit (LEO). The model is based on a modified version of the Sequence-to-Sequence architecture and is trained on the average altitude profile as derived from a set of Two-Line Element (TLE) data of over 400 bodies. The novelty of the work consists in introducing in the deep learning model, alongside the average altitude, three new input features: a drag-like coefficient (B*), the average solar index, and the area-to-mass ratio of the object. The developed model is tested on a set of objects studied in the Inter-Agency Space Debris Coordination Committee (IADC) campaigns. The results show that the best performances are obtained on bodies characterised by the same drag-like coefficient and eccentricity distribution as the training set.
Coupling single atoms to a nanophotonic whispering-gallery-mode resonator via optical guiding
Creators: name: Zhou, Xinchao
name: Tamura, Hikaru
name: Chang, Tzu-Han
name: Hung, Chen-Lung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate an efficient optical guiding technique for coupling cold atoms in the near field of a planar nanophotonic circuit, and realize large atom-photon coupling to a whispering-gallery mode in a microring resonator with a single-atom cooperativity $C\gtrsim 8$. The guiding potential is created by diffracted light on a nanophotonic waveguide that smoothly connects to a dipole trap in the far field for atom guiding with subwavelength precision. We observe atom-induced transparency for light coupled to a microring, characterize the atom-photon coupling rate, extract guided atom flux, and demonstrate on-chip photon routing by single atoms. Our demonstration promises new applications with cold atoms on a nanophotonic circuit for chiral quantum optics and quantum technologies.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures