cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Computer simulation of model cohesive powders: Plastic consolidation, structural changes and elasticity under isotropic loads
Creators: name: Gilabert, Francisco
name: Roux, Jean-Noël
name: Castellanos, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quasistatic behavior of a simple 2D model of a cohesive powder under isotropic loads is investigated by Discrete Element simulations. The loose packing states, as studied in a previous paper, undergo important structural changes under growing confining pressure P, while solid fraction Φirreversibly increases by large amounts. The system state goes through three stages, with different forms of the plastic consolidation curve Φ(P*), under growing reduced pressure P* = Pa/F0, defined with adhesion force F0 and grain diameter a. In the low-confinement regime (I), plastic compaction is negligible, and the structure is influenced by the assembling process. The following stage (regime II) is independent of initial conditions. The void ratio varies linearly with log P, as described in the engineering literature. In the last stage of compaction (III), a maximum solid fraction is approached, and properties of cohesionless granular packs are retrieved. Under consolidation, while the fractal range of density correlations decreases, force patterns reorganize, and elastic moduli increase by a large factor. Plastic deformation events correspond to very small changes in the network topology, while the denser regions tend to move like rigid bodies. Elastic properties are dominated by the bending of thin junctions in loose systems. For growing RR those tend to reduce to particle chains, the folding of which, rather than tensile ruptures, controls plastic compaction.
Absence of Electron Surfing Acceleration in a Two-Dimensional Simulation
Creators: name: Ohira, Yutaka
name: Takahara, Fumio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron acceleration in high Mach number perpendicular shocks is investigated through two-dimensional electrostatic particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation. We simulate the shock foot region by modeling particles that consist of three components such as incident protons and electrons and reflected protons in the initial state which satisfies the Buneman instability condition. In contrast to previous one-dimensional simulations in which strong surfing acceleration is realized, we find that surfing acceleration does not occur in two-dimensional simulation. This is because excited electrostatic potentials have a two-dimensional structure that makes electron trapping impossible. Thus, the surfing acceleration does not work either in itself or as an injection mechanism for the diffusive shock acceleration. We briefly discuss implications of the present results on the electron heating and acceleration by shocks in supernova remnants.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJL
An advanced multipole model for (216) Kleopatra triple system
Creators: name: Brož, M.
name: Marchis, F.
name: Jorda, L.
name: Hanuš, J.
name: Vernazza, P.
name: Ferrais, M.
name: Vachier, F.
name: Rambaux, N.
name: Marsset, M.
name: Viikinkoski, M.
name: Jehin, E.
name: Benseguane, S.
name: Podlewska-Gaca, E.
name: Carry, B.
name: Drouard, A.
name: Fauvaud, S.
name: Birlan, M.
name: Berthier, J.
name: Bartczak, P.
name: Dumas, C.
name: Dudziński, G.
name: Ďurech, J.
name: Castillo-Rogez, J.
name: Cipriani, F.
name: Colas, F.
name: Fetick, R.
name: Fusco, T.
name: Grice, J.
name: Kryszczynska, A.
name: Lamy, P.
name: Marciniak, A.
name: Michalowski, T.
name: Michel, P.
name: Pajuelo, M.
name: Santana-Ros, T.
name: Tanga, P.
name: Vigan, A.
name: Vokrouhlický, D.
name: Witasse, O.
name: Yang, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To interpret adaptive-optics observations of (216) Kleopatra, we need to describe an evolution of multiple moons, orbiting an extremely irregular body and including their mutual interactions. Such orbits are generally non-Keplerian and orbital elements are not constants. Consequently, we use a modified $N$-body integrator, which was significantly extended to include the multipole expansion of the gravitational field up to the order $\ell = 10$. Its convergence was verified against the `brute-force' algorithm. We computed the coefficients $C_{\ell m},S_{\!\ell m}$ for Kleopatra's shape, assuming a~constant bulk density. For solar-system applications, it was also necessary to implement a variable distance and geometry of observations. Our $χ^2$ metric then accounts for the absolute astrometry, the relative astrometry (2nd moon with respect to 1st), angular velocities, and also silhouettes, constraining the pole orientation. This allowed us to derive the orbital elements of Kleopatra's two moons. Using both archival astrometric data and new VLT/SPHERE observations (ESO LP 199.C-0074), we were able to identify the true periods of the moons, $P_1 = (1.822359\pm0.004156)\,{\rm d}$, $P_2 = (2.745820\pm0.004820)\,{\rm d}$. They orbit very close to the 3:2 mean-motion resonance, but their osculating eccentricities are too small compared to other perturbations (multipole, mutual), so that regular librations of the critical argument are not present. The resulting mass of Kleopatra, $m_1 = (1.49\pm0.16)\cdot10^{-12}\,M_\odot$ or $2.97\cdot10^{18}\,{\rm kg}$, is significantly lower than previously thought. An implication explained in the accompanying paper (Marchis et al.) is that (216) Kleopatra is a critically rotating body.
description: accepted in A&A
Arc-shaped structure factor in the $J_1$-$J_2$-$J_3$ classical Heisenberg model on the triangular lattice
Creators: name: Glittum, Cecilie
name: Syljuåsen, Olav F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the $J_1$-$J_2$-$J_3$ classical Heisenberg model with ferromagnetic $J_1$ on the triangular lattice using the nematic bond theory. For parameters where the momentum space coupling function $J_{\vec{q}}$ shows a discrete set of minima, we find that the system in general exhibits a single first-order phase transition between the high-temperature ring liquid and the low-temperature single-$\vec{q}$ planar spiral state. Close to where $J_{\vec{q}}$ shows a continuous minimum, we on the other hand find several phase transitions upon lowering the temperature. Most interestingly, we find an intermediate temperature "arc" regime, where the structure factor breaks rotational symmetry and shows a broad arc-shaped maximum. We map out the parameter region over which this arc regime exists and characterize details of its static structure factor over the same region.
Extracting the Pair Distribution Function of Liquids and Liquid-Vapor Surfaces by Grazing Incidence X-ray Diffraction Mode
Creators: name: Vaknin, David
name: Bu, Wei
name: Travesset, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the structure factor $S(q)$ of water can be obtained from X-ray synchrotron experiments at grazing angle of incidence (in reflection mode) by using a liquid surface diffractometer. The corrections used to obtain $S(q)$ self-consistently are described. Applying these corrections to scans at different incident beam angles (above the critical angle) collapses the measured intensities into a single master curve, without fitting parameters, which within a scale factor yields $S(q)$. Performing the measurements below the critical angle for total reflectivity yields the structure factor of the top most layers of the water/vapor interface. Our results indicate water restructuring at the vapor/water interface. We also introduce a new approach to extract $g(r)$, the pair distribution function (PDF), by expressing the PDF as a linear sum of Error functions whose parameters are refined by applying a non-linear least square fit method. This approach enables a straightforward determination of the inherent uncertainties in the PDF. Implications of our results to previously measured and theoretical predictions of the PDF are also discussed.
Black hole in asymmetric cosmological bounce
Creators: name: Pérez, Daniela
name: Bergliaffa, Santiago E. Perez
name: Romero, Gustavo E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the causal structure of the McVittie spacetime for a cosmological model with an asymmetric bounce. The analysis includes the computation of trapping horizons, regular, trapped, and anti-trapped regions, and the integration of the trajectories of radial null geodesics before, during, and after the bounce. We find a trapped region since the beginning of the contracting phase up to shortly before the bounce, thus showing the existence of a black hole. When the universe reaches a certain minimum scale in the contracting phase, the trapping horizons disappear and the central singularity becomes naked. These results suggest that neither a contracting nor an expanding universe can accommodate a black hole at all times.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomische Nachrichten. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2103.00108
The Orbifolds of Permutation-Type as Physical String Systems at Multiples of $\mathbf{c=26}$ V. Cyclic Permutation Orbifolds
Creators: name: Halpern, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I consider the $\mathbb{Z}_λ,$ $λ$ prime free-bosonic permutation orbifolds as interacting physical string systems at $\hat{c} = 26λ$. As a first step, I introduce twisted tree diagrams which confirm at the interacting level that the physical spectrum of each twisted sector is equivalent to that of an ordinary $c=26$ closed string. The untwisted sectors are surprisingly more difficult to understand, and there are subtleties in the sewing of the loops, but I am able to propose provisional forms for the full modular-invariant cosmological constants and one-loop diagrams with insertions.
description: 46 pages, 4 figures
Tailoring of Plasmonic Functionalized Metastructures to Enhance Local Heating Release
Creators: name: Ferraro, Antonio
name: Lio, Giuseppe Emanuele
name: Hmina, Abdelhamid
name: Palermo, Giovanna
name: Maurer, Thomas
name: Caputo, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Plasmonic nanoheaters are reported that produce a significant local heating when excited by a 532 nm wavelength focussed laser beam. A significant temperature increase derives from the strong confinement of electric field enabled by the specific arrangement of Au nanodisks constituting the nanoheater. The thermal response is much more sensitive when layering the gold nanoheaters by a thick layer of doped polymer, reaching a temperature variation of more than 250°C. The modulation of the excitation by a chopper enables the fine control of the thermal response with a measured maximum temperature variation of about 60°C in a single period. These intriguing features can be efficiently exploited for the design of novel systems finding application in nano medicine and nano chemistry
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Morita classes of algebras in modular tensor categories
Creators: name: Kong, Liang
name: Runkel, Ingo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 16D90; 18D10; 81T40

description: We consider algebras in a modular tensor category C. If the trace pairing of an algebra A in C is non-degenerate we associate to A a commutative algebra Z(A), called the full centre, in a doubled version of the category C. We prove that two simple algebras with non-degenerate trace pairing are Morita-equivalent if and only if their full centres are isomorphic as algebras. This result has an interesting interpretation in two-dimensional rational conformal field theory; it implies that there cannot be several incompatible sets of boundary conditions for a given bulk theory.
description: 28 pages, several figures, version to appear in Adv. Math
Voyeuristi alla finestra: Peeping Tom, dalla leggenda al cinema
Creators: name: Staiano, Laura
Publisher: name: Università degli  Studi di Milano
Year: 2015
Subjects: Lady Godiva; Peeping Tom; La finestra sul cortile; L’occhio che uccide; voyeurismo; pulsione scopica

description: This essay deals with voyeuristic attitudes and ʹscopic powerʹ, i.e. the power to gaze at forbidden things and people without being seen. Indeed, its object par excellence coincides with female nakedness, while its subject is an invisible masculinity, which takes delight in looking.

The paper is based on a study of the Anglo-Saxon legend of Lady Godiva and it is strictly connected with the subject of my dissertation in progress – metaphorical and physical blindness in 18th century French literature (since several voyeurs got blind because of their instincts and desires). Lady Godiva’s voyeur, called Peeping Tom, is struck blind for having looked out of his window and seen the noblewoman riding naked. This legend has inspired many artists in different fields, and nowadays its heroine is very famous and venerated. In particular, this essay focuses on the relation between this legend and compulsive looking (or scopophilia) in two renowned films, Rear Window by Alfred Hitchcock, and Peeping Tom by Michael Powell.
description: Altre Modernità, 2015: NUMERO SPECIALE Finestre: sguardi e riflessi, trasparenze e opacità
The attitudes of counsellors towards their client : does foreign accent make a difference?
Creators: name: Alexander, Linda Jean
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This research addressed the nature of mainstream counsellors' attitudes towards their culturally different clients. This investigator conducted two separate studies in which all of the subjects were students in the Department of Counselling Psychology at The University of British Columbia. The counsellors in the first study were in the first year of the counselling program (novice) while those in the second study were in their final year (mature). The research design was an experimental post-test only control group. Counsellors' attitudes towards their culturally different clients were investigated by presenting a client who had a foreign accent. In each study one group was exposed to a non-accented client in a counselling situation and the other group was exposed to a foreign-accented client. A matched-guise videotape of a client presenting a counselling problem was shown to the two groups of counsellors in each study. Each counsellor in the control group viewed a non-accented client and each counsellor in the experimental group viewed the same client but with a foreign accent. To measure the attitudes of counsellors towards their clients, a Semantic Differential Attitude Scale was constructed utilizing 50 bipolar adjectives. In addition, the counsellors responded to a written Interview Questionnaire designed to investigate what may influence the attitudes of the counsellors, such as: similarity of beliefs; perception of the client's motivation and an awareness of cultural differences. In both studies all counsellors rated the client in the accented and non-accented situations with an overall positive attitude on the Semantic Differential Scale. However, the counsellors exposed to the accented client, in Study One responded with a more positive intensity of attitude than the counsellors who viewed the non-accented client (p≤.001). The counsellors in the second study did not differ in their attitudes towards the accented or non-accented client (p>.05). In response to the Interview Questionnaire, the novice, beginner counsellors in Study One generally reacted to the client on a more personal level with the mainstream counsellors in the accented situation reporting more affinity towards the client. Those more mature counsellors in Study Two were less involved and attended to the external influences on the client (accented or not). Recommendations for future counselling research are suggested in the areas of the attitudes of counsellors towards their accented clients; similarity of experience as a variable which influences the cross-cultural counselling process; and the utilization of the matched-guise videotape in training and education.
International peers : perceptions of the host-national peers in a program designed to aid the adjustment of international students at the University of British Columbia
Creators: name: Duthie, Myrna
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Perceptions of the Host-National Peers in a Program Designed to Aid the Adjustment of International Students at the University of British Columbia Foreign students want and need social contact with people from the host country when they study abroad. The Counselling Psychology Department at the University of British Columbia has developed a peer program where Canadian students are paired with foreign students in an attempt to ease the feelings of loneliness and isolation which these foreign students often experience. This paper contains a review of related literature, a description of the peer program, an analysis of interviews with host-national participants and recommendations for improvements to the program. The literature review surveys the problems associated with foreign students on North American campuses, several theories of the adjustment process and programs designed to aid that adjustment. Some factors which help students adjust to a new environment are counselling and peer support. Host peers commented on how and why they became participants in the program. They revealed some of the problems associated with being a helping peer. The benefits they received from the program were many but they were able to identify several aspects of the program which could be changed to make the program more rewarding to themselves and to the foreign peers.
Optical solitons as quantum objects
Creators: name: Pomeau, Y.
name: Berre, M. Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The intensity of classical bright solitons propagating in linearly coupled identical fibers can be distributed either in a stable symmetric state at strong coupling or in a stable asymmetric state if the coupling is small enough. In the first case, if the initial state is not the equilibrium state, the intensity may switch periodically from fiber to fiber, while in the second case the a-symmetrical state remains forever, with most of its energy in either fiber. The latter situation makes a state of propagation with two exactly reciprocal realizations. In the quantum case, such a situation does not exist as an eigenstate because of the quantum tunneling between the two fibers. Such a tunneling is a purely quantum phenomenon which does not not exist in the classical theory. We estimate the rate of tunneling by quantizing a simplified dynamics derived from the original Lagrangian equations with test functions. This tunneling could be within reach of the experiments, particularly if the quantum coherence of the soliton can be maintained over a sufficient amount of time.
description: about 17 Pages, 9 Figures
Innovation Management in Manufacturing - A Study on Industrial Application, Deficits, and Opportunities
Creators: name: Gärtner, Quirin
name: Zhang, Xuezhou
name: Sippl, Fabian
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Manufacturing
subject: Production
subject: Innovation Management
subject: Radical Innovation
subject: Industry 5.0
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Manufacturing companies are constantly pressured to innovate in an increasingly complex and discontinuous environment. In addition to developing new products and product features, innovation management in manufacturing has become necessary to ensure the competitiveness of technologies and processes in the context of digitalization, human centricity, sustainability and resilience (Industry 5.0). In the study, presented in this paper, companies from various industries participated in an online survey on their approach to incremental and radical innovation in manufacturing and the associated innovation management. In the study, more than 50 participants provide insight into the innovation management of their manufacturing unit and identify concrete fields of action as well as challenges in the areas of technology, organization and people. The study results are intended to provide manufacturing innovation managers with an overview of the challenges, deficits and potentials of innovation management in manufacturing and to help them identify and describe challenges in their organization.
Unitarity Violation and the Geometry of Higgs EFTs
Creators: name: Cohen, Timothy
name: Craig, Nathaniel
name: Lu, Xiaochuan
name: Sutherland, Dave
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the scale of unitarity violation from the geometry of Effective Field Theory (EFT) extensions of the Standard Model Higgs sector. The high-energy behavior of amplitudes with more than four scalar legs depends on derivatives of geometric invariants with respect to the physical Higgs field $h$, such that higher-point amplitudes begin to reconstruct the scalar manifold away from our vacuum. In theories whose low-energy limit can be described by the Higgs EFT (HEFT) but not the Standard Model EFT (SMEFT), non-analyticities in the vicinity of our vacuum limit the radius of convergence of geometric invariants, leading to unitarity violation at energies below $4πv$. Our results unify approaches to the HEFT/SMEFT dichotomy based on unitarity, analyticity, and geometry, and more broadly illustrate the sense in which observables probe the geometry of an EFT. Along the way, we provide novel basis-independent results for Goldstone/Higgs boson scattering amplitudes expressed in terms of geometric covariant quantities.
description: 42+12 pages, 6 figures. v2: Added references. v3: Journal version
Distribution of Kinks in an Ising Ferromagnet After Annealing and the Generalized Kibble-Zurek Mechanism
Creators: name: Mayo, Jack J.
name: Fan, Zhijie
name: Chern, Gia-Wei
name: del Campo, Adolfo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the annealing dynamics of a one-dimensional Ising ferromagnet induced by a temperature quench in finite time. In the limit of slow cooling, the asymptotic two-point correlator is analytically found under Glauber dynamics, and the distribution of the number of kinks in the final state is shown to be consistent with a Poissonian distribution. The mean kink number, the variance, and the third centered moment take the same value and obey a universal power-law scaling with the quench time in which the temperature is varied. The universal power-law scaling of cumulants is corroborated by numerical simulations based on Glauber dynamics for moderate cooling times away from the asymptotic limit, when the kink-number distribution takes a binomial form. We analyze the relation of these results to physics beyond the Kibble-Zurek mechanism for critical dynamics, using the kink number distribution to assess adiabaticity and its breakdown. We consider linear, nonlinear, and exponential cooling schedules, among which the latter provides the most efficient shortcuts to cooling in a given quench time. The non-thermal behavior of the final state is established by considering the trace norm distance to a canonical Gibbs state.
description: 24 pages, 11 figures
Photonic Microwave and RF Channelizers using Kerr Micro-combs
Creators: name: Tan, Mengxi
name: Xu, Xingyuan
name: Moss, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review recent work on broadband RF channelizers based on integrated optical frequency Kerr micro-combs combined with passive micro-ring resonator filters, with microcombs having channel spacings of 200GHz and 49GHz. This approach to realizing RF channelizers offers reduced complexity, size, and potential cost for a wide range of applications to microwave signal detection.
description: 25 pages, 11 figures, 185 references. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1805.05474, arXiv:2005.02869
A unified construction yielding precisely Hilbert and James sequences spaces
Creators: name: Repovš, Dušan
name: Semenov, Pavel V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 54C60; 54C65; 41A65; 54C55; 54C20

description: Following James' approach, we shall define the Banach space $J(e)$ for each vector $e=(e_1,e_2,...,e_d) \in \Bbb{R}^d$ with $ e_1 \ne 0$. The construction immediately implies that J(1) coincides with the Hilbert space $i_2$ and that $J(1;-1)$ coincides with the celebrated quasireflexive James space $J$. The results of this paper show that, up to an isomorphism, there are only the following two possibilities: (i) either $J(e)$ is isomorphic to $l_2$, if $e_1+e_2+...+e_d\ne 0$ (ii) or $J(e)$ is isomorphic to $J$. Such a dichotomy also holds for every separable Orlicz sequence space $l_M$.
Casimir Interactions for Anisotropic Magnetodielectric Metamaterials
Creators: name: Rosa, F. S. S.
name: Dalvit, D. A. R.
name: Milonni, P. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend our previous work [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 100}, 183602 (2008)] on the generalization of the Casimir-Lifshitz theory to treat anisotropic magnetodielectric media, focusing on the forces between metals and magnetodielectric metamaterials and on the possibility of inferring magnetic effects by measurements of these forces. We present results for metamaterials including structures with uniaxial and biaxial magnetodielectric anisotropies, as well as for structures with isolated metallic or dielectric properties that we describe in terms of filling factors and a Maxwell Garnett approximation. The elimination or reduction of Casimir "stiction" by appropriate engineering of metallic-based metamaterials, or the indirect detection of magnetic contributions, appear from the examples considered to be very challenging, as small background Drude contributions to the permittivity act to enhance attraction over repulsion, as does magnetic dissipation. In dielectric-based metamaterials the magnetic properties of polaritonic crystals, for instance, appear to be too weak for repulsion to overcome attraction. We also discuss Casimir-Polder experiments, that might provide another possibility for the detection of magnetic effects.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures
EMC effect in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering process
Creators: name: Lu, Baogui
name: Ma, Bo-Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By considering the $x$-dependence of $π^+$, $π^-$, $K^+$, $K^-$, $Λ$, $\barΛ$, $p$, $\bar{p}$ hadron productions in charged lepton semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering off nuclear target (using Fe as an example) and deuteron D target, % at $Q^2=5$ GeV$^2$, we find that $(\barΛ^A/Λ^A)/(\barΛ^D/Λ^D)$ and $({\bar{p}}^A/{p}^A)/({\bar{p}}^A/p^A)$ are ideal to figure out the nuclear sea content, which is predicted to be different by different models accounting for the nuclear EMC effect.
description: 21 latex pages, 15 figures
Circuit complexity in proca theory
Creators: name: Meng, Kun
name: Deng, Meihua
name: Zhao, Jiaqiang
name: Cao, Lianzhen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study circuit complexity in Proca theory with Nielsen's approach and Fubini-Study (FS) metric approach. We place the fields on a lattice to gain a regularized theory, and obtain the ground state by adopting proper coordinates. We calculate complexities of the ground and thermofield double (TFD) states with Nielsen's approach, complexity of the TFD state is found to grows like a logarithmic function. We quantize the Proca fields and give the approximate ground state and TFD state by acting unitary circuit operators on the associated reference states. The circuit lengths are calculated with FS metric, the minimal lengths are given according to the associated geometric spaces. The complexity of TFD state is found to grows linearly with time.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure
Contamination Control for Sensitive Products in the Era of Electrified Vehicles
Creators: name: Brag, Patrick
name: Balogh, Bálint
name: Gordon, Péter
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Contamination control
subject: particle
subject: electronic
subject: vehicle
subject: safety
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: With the growing trend toward electric vehicles, technical cleanliness is also taking on a more prominent role. Insufficient component cleanliness can lead to more frequent or more serious defects, and although contamination con-trol tools and techniques are well known, they are not widely used in production. This article describes how contamination control can be systematically planned and integrated into existing production processes. Contamination control is not a stationary state, but rather a dynamic search for Points of Interest (POI). Only when all POIs have been identified does contamination control become continu-ous monitoring, which ultimately allows the cleanliness requirements specified in the customer-supplier relationship to be verified.
title: Pre-trial Detention and EU Law: Collecting Fragments of Harmonisation Within the Existing Legal Framework
Creators: name: Martufi, Adriano
name: Peristeridou, Christina
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: pre-trial detention
subject: harmonisation
subject: EU criminal law
subject: fundamental rights
subject: procedural guarantees
subject: detention conditions

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2020 5(3), 1477-1492
description: European Forum Insight of 28 December 2020
description: I. Introduction. - II. Defining pre-trial detention: towards an autonomous notion? - III. EU secondary law and pre-trial detention: mapping the intersections. - III.1. The Directive on the right to information. - III.2. The Directive on the right to interpretation and other sources of secondary law. - III.3. The Directive on the presumption of innocence. - III.4. The European Arrest Warrant and the European Supervision Order. - IV. Conclusion.
description: Pre-trial detention has yet to be harmonised under EU law, although evidence points to an overuse that may affect mutual trust. Other instruments however exist that might impact on the way national authorities use pre-trial detention. In this Insight, we seek to detect fragments of harmonisation within the existing legal framework. The Insight thus looks at the EU area of criminal justice to highlight intersections between pre-trial detention and existing instruments, such as the procedural rights Directives and the European Arrest Warrant. Our findings show that the symbiosis of pre-trial detention and some procedures created by EU instruments (e.g. surrender proceedings) raise a plethora of questions regarding the legal standards of pre-trial detention. Several juncture points exist where current instruments could or should influence the manner in which pre-trial detention is regulated under national law. Despite these intersections, we conclude that the lack of an EU regulatory framework remains problematic.
Search for a Signal on QCD Critical Point in Central Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions
Creators: name: Suleymanov, M. K.
name: Khan, E. U.
name: Ahmed, K.
name: Haseeb, Mahnaz Q.
name: Tahir, Farida
name: Huseynaliyev, Y. H.
name: Ajaz, M.
name: Khan, K. H.
name: Wazir, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss that the QCD critical point could appear in central collisions in percolation cluster. We suggest using the nuclear transparency effect and the one of the light nuclear production to identify the critical point.
description: To appear in the proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (QM2008), Jaipur, India, February 4-10, 2008
Classification Of Flow-Based Assembly Structures For The Planning Of Flexible Mixed-Model Assembly
Creators: name: Föhlisch, Nils
name: Burggräf, Peter
name: Adlon, Tobias
name: Meier, Verena
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mixed-Model Assembly
subject: Matrix Assembly
subject: Line Assembly
subject: Flexibility
subject: Efficiency
subject: Assembly Planning
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: The increasing product variance due to the growing individualization of customer requirements leads to smaller batch sizes and higher process time spreads in mixed-model assembly. The resulting decline in efficiency pushes conventional, less flexible assembly lines to the limits of their economic viability. Matrix assembly is an approach to increase flexibility and efficiency by decoupling workstations and dissolving cycle time constraints while maintaining flow. Both matrix and line assembly are flow-based assembly structures characterized by assembly objects moving according to the flow principle. Due to the numerous design options of flow-based assembly structures and the need to consider flexibility as a central decision criterion, the complexity of structural planning increases. The variety of the design options as well as their compatibility make it challenging for assembly planners to decide which configuration provides sufficient flexibility for their use case. This paper presents a novel level-based classification for flow-based assembly structures that identifies the relevant configurations, ranks them according to provided flexibility, and breaks down the characteristics as well as their compatibility. The classification enables planners to efficiently compile, evaluate and select the flow-based structure configurations suitable for the individual use case during assembly structure planning. Planning efficiency and results are improved by transparently providing all configurations and their characteristics' compatibility to the planner without any research effort. The configuration selection focusing on flexibility by means of the classification can be the starting point of a subsequent simulation of the system behavior concerning efficiency.
Entangling operations in nonlinear two-atom Tavis-Cummings models
Creators: name: Gómez-Rosas, Rocío
name: González-Gutiérrez, Carlos A.
name: Torres, Juan Mauricio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive an analytical approximate solution of the time-dependent state vector in terms of material Bell states and coherent states of the field for a generalized two-atom Tavis-Cummings model with nonlinear intensity dependent matter-field interaction. Using this solution, we obtain simple expressions for the atomic concurrence and purity in order to study the entanglement in the system at specific interaction times. We show how to implement entangling atomic operations through measurement of the field. We illustrate how these operations can lead to a complete Bell measurement. Furthermore, when considering two orthogonal states of the field as levels of a third qubit, it is possible to implement a unitary three-qubit gate capable of generating authentic tripartite entangled states such as the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and the W-state. As an example of the generic model, we present an ion-trap setting employing the quantized mode of the center of mass motion instead of the photonic field, showing that the implementation of realistic entangling operations from intrinsic nonlinear matter-field interactions is indeed possible.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
title: What matters most to older Chinese adults
Creators: name: Choi, Liza Lai Shan
name: Jung, Piera
name: Harder, Marti
name: Zhang, Kelly
Publisher: name: Sage
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Older people
subject: Chinese--Canada

description: Introduction: Although an abundance of gerontological research has focused on subjective well-being, quality of life, and life satisfaction, we know little about what matters most to older adults in sub-cultural groups. The purpose of this study was to explore what matters to older Chinese adults. Methods: The study used a qualitative interpretive design, drawing influences from phenomenology and constructed meaning through participants’ lived experiences. Results: After data analysis, a core theme of cultural foundations and categorical themes emerged. This study emphasized the importance of hearing the voices of Chinese older adults and how they viewed well-being, quality of life, life satisfaction, and health care. Discussion: The findings of this study have added to the body of existing knowledge of what matters most to older adults. These insights may advance nursing as it pertains to culturally congruent health care.
Fixed Route Refueling-Strategy for Fuel Cell Trucks
Creators: name: Kampker, Achim
name: Heimes, Heiner
name: Schmitt, Fabian
name: Bayerlein, Maximilian
name: Scheffs, Philipp
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: hydrogen refueling strategy
subject: hydrogen fuel stations
subject: fixed-route vehicle-refueling problem
subject: fuel cell
subject: heavy-duty truck
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Road logistics are essential to ensure the smooth flow of production and delivery of goods to their destination. Heavy-duty transportation places high demands on the power supply and driving range. Fuel cell electric powertrains appear to be the most suitable solution in the context of zero-emission targets for long-haul trucks. While several companies are working on the development of drivetrains and vehicle concepts, the supply of the required hydrogen remains a challenge. Many uncertainties in the logistics industry are caused by the lack of hydrogen fuel stations. This paper presents a concept to detect suitable hydrogen fuel stations along a planned route and select those that minimize hydrogen consumption. The concept is applied to a known set of fuel stations in Germany and a fixed route defined by the operational task of the truck. First, fuel stations that are relevant to the operational task are identified. Then, the energy consumption of the refueling strategy is minimized by solving the fixed-route vehicle-refueling problem (FRVRP), taking into account vehicle characteristics and unknowns such as the precise distance to the refueling station. An external application programming interface provides the route information. The optimization is then implemented as a mixed integer program (MIP). The resulting strategy indicates the sequence of fuel stations that need to be visited to reach the route destination in the most energy-efficient way. The implementation of the strategy shows that the operation of heavy-duty hydrogen vehicles in Germany is feasible with certain boundary conditions. Therefore, integrating the refueling strategy into the navigation task to avoid running out of fuel is a step towards reaching the zero-emission targets.
Magnetless Reflective Gyrotropic Spatial Isolator Metasurface
Creators: name: Lavigne, Guillaume
name: Caloz, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the concept of a magnetless Reflective Gyrotropic Spatial Isolator (RGSI) metasurface. This is a birefringent metasurface that reflects vertically polarized incident waves into a horizontally polarized waves, and absorbs horizontally polarized incident waves, hence providing isolation between the two orthogonal polarization. We first synthesize the metasurface using surface susceptibility-based Generalized Sheet Transition Conditions~(GSTCs). We then propose a mirror-backed metaparticle implementation of this metasurface, where transistor-loaded resonators provide the desired magnetless nonreciprocal response. Finally, we demonstrate the metasurface by full-wave simulation results. The proposed RGSI metasurface may be used in various electromagnetic applications, and may also serve as a step towards more sophisticated magnetless nonreciprocal metasurface systems.
A classical theory for second-harmonic generation from metallic nanoparticles
Creators: name: Zeng, Yong
name: Hoyer, Walter
name: Liu, Jinjie
name: Koch, Stephan W.
name: Moloney, Jerome V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we develop a classical electrodynamic theory to study the optical nonlinearities of metallic nanoparticles. The quasi-free electrons inside the metal are approximated as a classical Coulomb-interacting electron gas, and their motion under the excitation of an external electromagnetic field is described by the plasma equations. This theory is further tailored to study second-harmonic generation. Through detailed experiment-theory comparisons, we validate this classical theory as well as the associated numerical algorithm. It is demonstrated that our theory not only provides qualitative agreement with experiments, it also reproduces the overall strength of the experimentally observed second-harmonic signals.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures. Submitted
On the number of support points of maximin and Bayesian optimal designs
Creators: name: Braess, Dietrich
name: Dette, Holger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62K05 (Primary)

description: We consider maximin and Bayesian $D$-optimal designs for nonlinear regression models. The maximin criterion requires the specification of a region for the nonlinear parameters in the model, while the Bayesian optimality criterion assumes that a prior for these parameters is available. On interval parameter spaces, it was observed empirically by many authors that an increase of uncertainty in the prior information (i.e., a larger range for the parameter space in the maximin criterion or a larger variance of the prior in the Bayesian criterion) yields a larger number of support points of the corresponding optimal designs. In this paper, we present analytic tools which are used to prove this phenomenon in concrete situations. The proposed methodology can be used to explain many empirically observed results in the literature. Moreover, it explains why maximin $D$-optimal designs are usually supported at more points than Bayesian $D$-optimal designs.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009053606000001307 in the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Linear relations between polynomial orbits
Creators: name: Ghioca, Dragos
name: Tucker, Thomas J.
name: Zieve, Michael E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14G25 (Primary) 37F10, 11C08 (Secondary)

description: We study the orbits of a polynomial f in C[X], namely the sets {e,f(e),f(f(e)),...} with e in C. We prove that if nonlinear complex polynomials f and g have orbits with infinite intersection, then f and g have a common iterate. More generally, we describe the intersection of any line in C^d with a d-tuple of orbits of nonlinear polynomials, and we formulate a question which generalizes both this result and the Mordell--Lang conjecture.
description: 27 pages
title: From the Ground up: The Use of Minimum Rules in EU Procedural Criminal Law and the Question of Member States' Discretion
Creators: name: Zoumpoulakis, Konstantinos
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: EU criminal law
subject: minimum rules
subject: minimum harmonisation
subject: Art. 82 TFEU
subject: police and judicial cooperation
subject: national discretion

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2020 5(3), 1289-1303
description: I. A brief journey to the world of minimum rules. - I.1. The origins of minimum rules. - I.2. The current legal framework. - II. Orchestrating the harmonisation of procedural criminal norms in the EU. - III. Minimum rules and the question of national discretion. - IV. Raising barriers to national discretion. - V. Conclusion.
description: The concept of minimum rules is inextricably linked to the approximation of criminal norms in the European Union. In the field of procedural criminal law, the adoption of minimum rules supports the need to facilitate mutual recognition and police and judicial cooperation in criminal matters. This Article seeks to introduce the reader to the world of minimum rules. In order to understand what it means to have minimum rules in a criminal law context, it is necessary to discuss about the origins, the development, the use and the role of minimum rules within this particular context. Following a complete depiction of the way in which minimum rules function in the field of procedural criminal law, the question arises: can Member States go beyond minimum rules? This Article attempts a comprehensive answer to the question of national discretion, arguing for the existence of different limits that can confine the discretion of the national legislator to go beyond minimum rules, and advocating the need for an ad hoc assessment of Member States' discretion.