cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Factors Affecting Liquidity of Commercial Banks in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Teshome, Wubayehu
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2017

description: Banks are both the center for liquidity creation and financial crisis due to its role in the 'maturity transformation' of short term deposits into long term loans make banks inherently vulnerable to liquidity risk, both of an institution specific nature and that which affects markets as a whole. The study had assessed the factors affecting liquidity of commercial banks in Ethiopia by using the data over the period of 2011 to 2015 on sample size of twelve commercial banks in Ethiopia out of 17 in total with the aim of investigating macroeconomic as well as government policy and bank specific variables which affecting the liquidity of commercial banks in Ethiopia. The study employed sequential mixed research method approach by combining secondary data through balanced random effect regression model and interviews. The results of the study revealed that all macroeconomic and government policy variables were statistically significant in determining the liquidity of commercial banks in Ethiopia. Among those variables foreign direct investment and NBE-bill purchase had negative effect whereas unemployment rate and real GDP growth rate had positive relationship with banks' liquidity. On the other hand, among the bank-specific factors funding cost was statistically insignificant variable in affecting commercial banking liquidity in Ethiopia whereas level of deposit and bank size had statistically significant and negative relationship with banks' liquidity. Thus, the study suggests that macroeconomic factors are more important than firm-specific in determining the Ethiopian commercial banking liquidity. Therefore, banks shall be more concerned about macroeconomic environment in addition to internal environment as a cornerstone while reviewing its policy and developing strategies to enhance their liquidity position. Key words: Ethiopian commercial banks, liquidity ratio, liquid assets, NBE –bills, deposit
The magnetic properties of the hollow cylindrical ideal remanence magnet
Creators: name: Bjørk, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the magnetic properties of the hollow cylindrical ideal remanence magnet. This magnet is the cylindrical permanent magnet that generates a uniform field in the cylinder bore, using the least amount of magnetic energy to do so. The remanence distribution of this magnet is derived and the generated field is compared to that of a Halbach cylinder of equal dimensions. The ideal remanence magnet is shown in most cases to generate a significantly lower field than the equivalent Halbach cylinder, although the field is generated with higher efficiency. The most efficient Halbach cylinder is shown to generate a field exactly twice as large as the equivalent ideal remanence magnet.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Variation of the quadrupole hyperfine structure and nuclear radius due to an interaction with scalar and axion dark matter
Creators: name: Flambaum, V. V.
name: Mansour, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atomic spectroscopy is used to search for the space-time variation of fundamental constants which may be due to an interaction with scalar and pseudo-scalar (axion) dark matter. In this letter, we study the effects which are produced by the variation of the nuclear radius and electric quadrupole moment. The sensitivity of the electric quadrupole hyperfine structure to both the variation of the quark mass and the effects of dark matter exceeds that of the magnetic hyperfine structure by 1-2 orders of magnitude. Therefore, the measurement of the variation of the ratio of the electric quadrupole and magnetic dipole hyperfine constants is proposed. The sensitivity of the optical clock transitions in the Yb$^+$ ion to the variation of the nuclear radius allows us to extract, from experimental data, limits on the variation of the hadron and quark masses, the QCD parameter $θ$ and the interaction with axion and scalar dark matter.
description: v2: References added
The Spiral Wave Instability Induced by a Giant Planet: I. Particle Stirring in the Inner Regions of Protoplanetary Disks
Creators: name: Bae, Jaehan
name: Nelson, Richard P.
name: Hartmann, Lee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have recently shown that spiral density waves propagating in accretion disks can undergo a parametric instability by resonantly coupling with and transferring energy into pairs of inertial waves (or inertial-gravity waves when buoyancy is important). In this paper, we perform inviscid three-dimensional global hydrodynamic simulations to examine the growth and consequence of this instability operating on the spiral waves driven by a Jupiter-mass planet in a protoplanetary disk. We find that the spiral waves are destabilized via the spiral wave instability (SWI), generating hydrodynamic turbulence and sustained radially-alternating vertical flows that appear to be associated with long wavelength inertial modes. In the interval $0.3~R_p \leq R \leq 0.7~R_p$, where $R_p$ denotes the semi-major axis of the planetary orbit (assumed to be 5~au), the estimated vertical diffusion rate associated with the turbulence is characterized by $α_{\rm diff} \sim (0.2-1.2) \times 10^{-2}$. For the disk model considered here, the diffusion rate is such that particles with sizes up to several centimeters are vertically mixed within the first pressure scale height. This suggests that the instability of spiral waves launched by a giant planet can significantly disperse solid particles and trace chemical species from the midplane. In planet formation models where the continuous local production of chondrules/pebbles occurs over Myr time scales to provide a feedstock for pebble accretion onto these bodies, this stirring of solid particles may add a time constraint: planetary embryos and large asteroids have to form before a gas giant forms in the outer disk, otherwise the SWI will significantly decrease the chondrule/pebble accretion efficiency.
description: Accepted for publication in the The Astrophysical Journal, 19 pages, 12 figures, 1 table
Realistic 3D hydrodynamics simulations find significant turbulent entrainment in massive stars
Creators: name: Rizzuti, F.
name: Hirschi, R.
name: Georgy, C.
name: Arnett, W. D.
name: Meakin, C.
name: Murphy, A. StJ.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our understanding of stellar structure and evolution coming from one-dimensional (1D) stellar models is limited by uncertainties related to multi-dimensional processes taking place in stellar interiors. 1D models, however, can now be tested and improved with the help of detailed three-dimensional (3D) hydrodynamics models, which can reproduce complex multi-dimensional processes over short timescales, thanks to the recent advances in computing resources. Among these processes, turbulent entrainment leading to mixing across convective boundaries is one of the least understood and most impactful. Here we present the results from a set of hydrodynamics simulations of the neon-burning shell in a massive star, and interpret them in the framework of the turbulent entrainment law from geophysics. Our simulations differ from previous studies in their unprecedented degree of realism in reproducing the stellar environment. Importantly, the strong entrainment found in the simulations highlights the major flaws of the current implementation of convective boundary mixing in 1D stellar models. This study therefore calls for major revisions of how convective boundaries are modelled in 1D, and in particular the implementation of entrainment in these models. This will have important implications for supernova theory, nucleosynthesis, neutron stars and black holes physics.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
A simple and efficient route towards improved energetics within the framework of density-corrected density functional theory
Creators: name: Graf, Daniel
name: Thom, Alex J. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The crucial step in density-corrected Hartree-Fock density functional theory (DC(HF)-DFT) is to decide whether the density produced by the density functional for a specific calculation is erroneous and hence should be replaced by, in this case, the HF density. We introduce an indicator, based on the difference in non-interacting kinetic energies between DFT and HF calculations, to determine when the HF density is the better option. Our kinetic energy indicator directly compares the self-consistent density of the analysed functional with the HF density, is size-intensive, reliable, and most importantly highly efficient. Moreover, we present a procedure that makes best use of the computed quantities necessary for DC(HF)-DFT by additionally evaluating a related hybrid functional and, in that way, not only "corrects" the density but also the functional itself; we call that procedure corrected Hartree-Fock density functional theory (C(HF)-DFT).
Supercurrent-Induced Spin-Orbit Torques
Creators: name: Hals, Kjetil M. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate the supercurrent-induced magnetization dynamics of a two-dimensional lattice of ferromagnetically ordered spins placed on a conventional superconductor with broken spatial inversion symmetry and strong spin-orbit coupling. We develop a phenomenological description of the coupled dynamics of the superconducting condensate and the spin system, and demonstrate that supercurrents produce a reactive spin-orbit torque on the magnetization. By performing a microscopic self-consistent calculation, we show that the spin-orbit torque originates from a spin-polarization of the Cooper pairs due to current-induced spin-triplet correlations. Interestingly, we find that there exists an intrinsic limitation for the maximum achievable spin-orbit torque, which is determined by the coupling strength between the condensate and the spin system. In proximitized hole-doped semiconductors, the maximum achievable spin-orbit torque field is estimated to be on the order of $0.16$ mT, which is comparable to the critical field for current-induced magnetization switching in ferromagnetic semiconductors.
description: Final version accepted by Physical Review B
Recent arrivals to the main asteroid belt
Creators: name: Marcos, C. de la Fuente
name: Marcos, R. de la Fuente
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The region where the main asteroid belt is now located may have started empty, to become populated early in the history of the Solar system with material scattered outward by the terrestrial planets and inward by the giant planets. These dynamical pathways toward the main belt may still be active today. Here, we present results from a data mining experiment aimed at singling out present-day members of the main asteroid belt that may have reached the belt during the last few hundred years. Probable newcomers include 2003 BM1, 2007 RS62, 457175 (2008 GO98), 2010 BG18, 2010 JC58, 2010 JV52, 2010 KS6, 2010 LD74, 2010 OX38, 2011 QQ99, 2013 HT149, 2015 BH103, 2015 BU525, 2015 RO127, 2015 RS139, 2016 PC41, 2016 UU231, 2020 SA75, 2020 UO43, and 2021 UJ5, all of them in the outer belt. Some of these candidates may have been inserted in their current orbits after experiencing relatively recent close encounters with Jupiter. We also investigated the likely source regions of such new arrivals. Asteroid 2020 UO43, if real, has a non-negligible probability of having an origin in the Oort cloud or even interstellar space. Asteroid 2003 BM1 may have come from the neighborhood of Uranus. However, most newcomers -- including 457175, 2011 QQ99, and 2021 UJ5 -- might have had an origin in Centaur orbital space. The reliability of these findings is assessed within the context of the uncertainties of the available orbit determinations.
description: 37 pages, 14 figures, 10 tables, 3 appendices. Accepted for publication in Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy (bibtex part improved)
Determinants of Profitability: Evidence from Large Manufacturing Food and Beverage Companies of Addis Ababa
Creators: name: Yirgu, Yodit
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2017

description: Determinants of Profitability: Evidence from Large Manufacturing food and beverage Companies of Addis Ababa. This study sets out to examine the determinants of food and beverages profitability specifically focused on large manufacturing companies of the sector who submitted their annual financial statement reportto ERCA LTO, during the period 2011-2015. Consequently,the researcher used secondary data obtained from the financial statements (Balance sheet and Profit/Loss account) of food and beverage companies, and financial publications of CSA, MOFED and MOT. Quantitative research approach was adopted.The study performs a panel least square regression analysis to examine the proposed relationship. The study had a population size of 29 food and beveragecompanies operating in Addis Ababa. Simple random sampling technique was used to select the sampled companies from the period of 2011-2015, consisting of 14 companies with 70 observations.The results of panel least square regression analysis showed that: Firm size, Leverage and capital intensity, have statistically significant and negative impact on profitability. On the other hand, Managerial efficiency has a positive and statistically significant impact on manufacturing food and beverage companies' profitability. The study concluded that size may have no or negative impact on profitability, managerial efficiency has strong effect on profitability. Beside the study suggested for the stakeholders that give more attention on the major variables of the sectors such as firm size and capital intensity. While the results may not be generalizable to all food and beverage manufacturing companies found in the country, the findings should provide food and beverage executives and managers with valuable information for developing their strategies with regard to firm specific determinants. Key Words: - ROA, Firm specific factors, Inflation
H0LiCOW VI. Testing the fidelity of lensed quasar host galaxy reconstruction
Creators: name: Ding, Xuheng
name: Liao, Kai
name: Treu, Tommaso
name: Suyu, Sherry H.
name: Chen, Geoff C. -F.
name: Auger, Matthew W.
name: Marshall, Philip J.
name: Agnello, Adriano
name: Courbin, Frederic
name: Nierenberg, Anna M.
name: Rusu, Cristian E.
name: Sluse, Dominique
name: Sonnenfeld, Alessandro
name: Wong, Kenneth C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The empirical correlation between the mass of a super-massive black hole (MBH) and its host galaxy properties is widely considered to be evidence of their co-evolution. A powerful way to test the co-evolution scenario and learn about the feedback processes linking galaxies and nuclear activity is to measure these correlations as a function of redshift. Unfortunately, currently MBH can only be estimated in active galaxies at cosmological distances. At these distances, bright active galactic nuclei (AGN) can outshine the host galaxy, making it extremely difficult to measure the host's luminosity. Strongly lensed AGNs provide in principle a great opportunity to improve the sensitivity and accuracy of the host galaxy luminosity measurements as the host galaxy is magnified and more easily separated from the point source, provided the lens model is sufficiently accurate. In order to measure the MBH-L correlation with strong lensing, it is necessary to ensure that the lens modelling is accurate, and that the host galaxy luminosity can be recovered to at least a precision and accuracy better than that of the typical MBH measurement. We carry out extensive and realistic simulations of deep Hubble Space Telescope observations of lensed AGNs obtained by our collaboration. We show that the host galaxy luminosity can be recovered with better accuracy and precision than the typical uncertainty on MBH(~ 0.5 dex) for hosts as faint as 2-4 magnitudes dimmer than the AGN itself. Our simulations will be used to estimate bias and uncertainties on the actual measurements to be presented in a future paper.
description: 18 pages, 13 figures. Revised version after submitted to MNRAS
RF instrumentation for the mobile measurement of electric field strength
Creators: name: Hicks, Peter Richard.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
DiaTrend: A dataset from advanced diabetes technology to enable development of novel analytic solutions
Creators: name: Prioleau, Temiloluwa
name: Bartolome, Abigail
name: Comi, Richard
name: Stanger, Catherine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Objective digital data is scarce yet needed in many domains to enable research that can transform the standard of healthcare. While data from consumer-grade wearables and smartphones is more accessible, there is critical need for similar data from clinical-grade devices used by patients with a diagnosed condition. The prevalence of wearable medical devices in the diabetes domain sets the stage for unique research and development within this field and beyond. However, the scarcity of open-source datasets presents a major barrier to progress. To facilitate broader research on diabetes-relevant problems and accelerate development of robust computational solutions, we provide the DiaTrend dataset. The DiaTrend dataset is composed of intensive longitudinal data from wearable medical devices, including a total of 27,561 days of continuous glucose monitor data and 8,220 days of insulin pump data from 54 patients with diabetes. This dataset is useful for developing novel analytic solutions that can reduce the disease burden for people living with diabetes and increase knowledge on chronic condition management in outpatient settings.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
Determinants of Banks Liquidity: Empirical Evidence on Ethiopian Commercial Banks
Creators: name: Melese, Nigist
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2015

description: Liquidity creation is the main concerns of commercial banks since it is crucial for its existence; hence the main objective of this study was to identify the determinants of commercial banks liquidity in Ethiopia. The data covered the period from 2007-2013 for the sample of ten commercial banks in Ethiopia and used secondary data. Both bank specific and macroeconomic variables were analyzed by employing the balanced panel fixed effect regression model and the result of the study revealed that capital adequacy, profitability, and real GDP growth rate have negative and statistically significant impacts on liquidity of Ethiopian commercial banks while bank size has positive and statistically significant impact on liquidity. Whereas nonperforming loan, loan growth, inflation rate, and interest rate margin were found to be statistically insignificant/ has no any impact on liquidity of Ethiopian commercial banks for the tested period. Keyterms: Liquidity, Ethiopian commercial banks, liquidity determinants, balanced panel data
Spatial distribution of low-energy plasma around comet 67P/CG from Rosetta measurements
Creators: name: Edberg, N. J. T.
name: Eriksson, A. I.
name: Odelstad, E.
name: Henri, P.
name: Lebreton, J. -P.
name: Gasc, S.
name: Rubin, M.
name: André, M.
name: Gill, R.
name: Johansson, E. P. G.
name: Johansson, F.
name: Vigren, E.
name: Wahlund, J. E.
name: Carr, C. M.
name: Cupido, E.
name: Glassmeier, K. -H.
name: Goldstein, R.
name: Koenders, C.
name: Mandt, K.
name: Nemeth, Z.
name: Nilsson, H.
name: Richter, I.
name: Wieser, G. Stenberg
name: Szego, K.
name: Volwerk, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use measurements from the Rosetta plasma consortium (RPC) Langmuir probe (LAP) and mutual impedance probe (MIP) to study the spatial distribution of low-energy plasma in the near-nucleus coma of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. The spatial distribution is highly structured with the highest density in the summer hemisphere and above the region connecting the two main lobes of the comet, i.e. the neck region. There is a clear correlation with the neutral density and the plasma to neutral density ratio is found to be about 1-2x10^-6, at a cometocentric distance of 10 km and at 3.1 AU from the sun. A clear 6.2 h modulation of the plasma is seen as the neck is exposed twice per rotation. The electron density of the collisonless plasma within 260 km from the nucleus falls of with radial distance as about 1/r. The spatial structure indicates that local ionization of neutral gas is the dominant source of low-energy plasma around the comet.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Denoising of discrete-time chaotic signals using echo state networks
Creators: name: Duarte, André L. O.
name: Eisencraft, Marcio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: I.2; I.6
subject: 37

description: Noise reduction is a relevant topic when considering the application of chaotic signals in practical problems, such as communication systems or modeling biomedical signals. In this paper an echo state network (ESN) is employed to denoise a discrete-time chaotic signal corrupted by additive white Gaussian noise. The choice for applying ESNs in this context is motivated by their successful exploitation for separation and prediction of chaotic signals. The results show that the processing gain of ESN is higher than that of the Wiener filter, especially when the power spectral density of the chaotic signals is white.
description: Accepted for publication in Signal Processing - Elsevier
Generalizable multi-task, multi-domain deep segmentation of sparse pediatric imaging datasets via multi-scale contrastive regularization and multi-joint anatomical priors
Creators: name: Boutillon, Arnaud
name: Conze, Pierre-Henri
name: Pons, Christelle
name: Burdin, Valérie
name: Borotikar, Bhushan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Clinical diagnosis of the pediatric musculoskeletal system relies on the analysis of medical imaging examinations. In the medical image processing pipeline, semantic segmentation using deep learning algorithms enables an automatic generation of patient-specific three-dimensional anatomical models which are crucial for morphological evaluation. However, the scarcity of pediatric imaging resources may result in reduced accuracy and generalization performance of individual deep segmentation models. In this study, we propose to design a novel multi-task, multi-domain learning framework in which a single segmentation network is optimized over the union of multiple datasets arising from distinct parts of the anatomy. Unlike previous approaches, we simultaneously consider multiple intensity domains and segmentation tasks to overcome the inherent scarcity of pediatric data while leveraging shared features between imaging datasets. To further improve generalization capabilities, we employ a transfer learning scheme from natural image classification, along with a multi-scale contrastive regularization aimed at promoting domain-specific clusters in the shared representations, and multi-joint anatomical priors to enforce anatomically consistent predictions. We evaluate our contributions for performing bone segmentation using three scarce and pediatric imaging datasets of the ankle, knee, and shoulder joints. Our results demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms individual, transfer, and shared segmentation schemes in Dice metric with statistically sufficient margins. The proposed model brings new perspectives towards intelligent use of imaging resources and better management of pediatric musculoskeletal disorders.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures, 5 tables, Accepted for publication in the Journal of Medical Image Analysis
The performance of Micro Finance Institutions in Ethiopia: A Case of Six Microfinance Institutions
Creators: name: Yirsaw, Alemayehu
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2008

description: Currently micro financing is one of the most powerful tools for combating poverty primarily by providing loan to the poor section of the society. The number of micro financing institutions serving the poor in Ethiopia has grown to over 27with in short period of time .The steady growth in the sector has created a competition for scarce funding among institutions. Hence, recent years have seen a growing push to measure performance of micro financing institutions in order to be able to compete and achieve their objectives. In light of this , the paper attempted to look at the performance of MFIs by taking six institutions as a case from Profitability and Sustainability; Asset and Liability management; and Efficiency and productivity perspectives Data for the study was from secondary sources and various ratios and indicators were used to measure the performance of the MFIs .Five years data from 2002 to 2006 were used to see the trend in performance The majority of MFIs passed both operational and financial self sufficiency and fewer still requires support to survive and sustain in the industry. Most MFIs are strong performers on return on asset .in connection with liquidity, most MFIs lack strong position to effect immediate obligations. large MFIs are more efficient and productive than small and medium ones. But small MFIs seem to reach the poorest section of the society. Finally ,the trend in performance of microfinance institutions during those years of operation was encouraging
An `Analytic Dynamical Magnetosphere' formalism for X-ray and optical emission from slowly rotating magnetic massive stars
Creators: name: Owocki, Stanley P.
name: ud-Doula, Asif
name: Sundqvist, Jon O.
name: Petit, Veronique
name: Cohen, David H.
name: Townsend, Richard H. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Slowly rotating magnetic massive stars develop "dynamical magnetospheres" (DM's), characterized by trapping of stellar wind outflow in closed magnetic loops, shock heating from collision of the upflow from opposite loop footpoints, and subsequent gravitational infall of radiatively cooled material. In 2D and 3D magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations the interplay among these three components is spatially complex and temporally variable, making it difficult to derive observational signatures and discern their overall scaling trends.Within a simplified, steady-state analysis based on overall conservation principles, we present here an "analytic dynamical magnetosphere" (ADM) model that provides explicit formulae for density, temperature and flow speed in each of these three components -- wind outflow, hot post-shock gas, and cooled inflow -- as a function of colatitude and radius within the closed (presumed dipole) field lines of the magnetosphere. We compare these scalings with time-averaged results from MHD simulations, and provide initial examples of application of this ADM model for deriving two key observational diagnostics, namely hydrogen H-alpha emission line profiles from the cooled infall, and X-ray emission from the hot post-shock gas. We conclude with a discussion of key issues and advantages in applying this ADM formalism toward derivation of a broader set of observational diagnostics and scaling trends for massive stars with such dynamical magnetospheres.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, accepted for MNRAS
Scaling of electron heating by magnetization during reconnection and applications to dipolarization fronts and super-hot solar flares
Creators: name: Barbhuiya, M. Hasan
name: Cassak, Paul. A.
name: Shay, Michael. A.
name: Roytershteyn, Vadim
name: Swisdak, Marc
name: Caspi, Amir
name: Runov, Andrei
name: Liang, Haoming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron ring velocity space distributions have previously been seen in numerical simulations of magnetic reconnection exhausts and have been suggested to be caused by the magnetization of the electron outflow jet by the compressed reconnected magnetic fields [Shuster et al., ${\it Geophys.~Res.~Lett.}, {\bf 41}$, 5389 (2014)]. We present a theory of the dependence of the major and minor radii of the ring distributions solely in terms of upstream (lobe) plasma conditions, thereby allowing a prediction of the associated temperature and temperature anisotropy of the rings in terms of upstream parameters. We test the validity of the prediction using 2.5-dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations with varying upstream plasma density and temperature, finding excellent agreement between the predicted and simulated values. We confirm the Shuster et al. suggestion for the cause of the ring distributions, and also find that the ring distributions are located in a region marked by a plateau, or shoulder, in the reconnected magnetic field profile. The predictions of the temperature are consistent with observed electron temperatures in dipolarization fronts, and may provide an explanation for the generation of plasma with temperatures in the 10s of MK in super-hot solar flares. A possible extension of the model to dayside reconnection is discussed. Since ring distributions are known to excite whistler waves, the present results should be useful for quantifying the generation of whistler waves in reconnection exhausts.
description: Accepted for publication in Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
Community Detection Using Revised Medoid-Shift Based on KNN
Creators: name: Hou, Jie
name: Li, Jiakang
name: Peng, Xiaokang
name: Ke, Wei
name: Lu, Yonggang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Community detection becomes an important problem with the booming of social networks. The Medoid-Shift algorithm preserves the benefits of Mean-Shift and can be applied to problems based on distance matrix, such as community detection. One drawback of the Medoid-Shift algorithm is that there may be no data points within the neighborhood region defined by a distance parameter. To deal with the community detection problem better, a new algorithm called Revised Medoid-Shift (RMS) in this work is thus proposed. During the process of finding the next medoid, the RMS algorithm is based on a neighborhood defined by KNN, while the original Medoid-Shift is based on a neighborhood defined by a distance parameter. Since the neighborhood defined by KNN is more stable than the one defined by the distance parameter in terms of the number of data points within the neighborhood, the RMS algorithm may converge more smoothly. In the RMS method, each of the data points is shifted towards a medoid within the neighborhood defined by KNN. After the iterative process of shifting, each of the data point converges into a cluster center, and the data points converging into the same center are grouped into the same cluster. The RMS algorithm is tested on two kinds of datasets including community datasets with known ground truth partition and community datasets without ground truth partition respectively. The experiment results show sthat the proposed RMS algorithm generally produces betster results than Medoid-Shift and some state-of-the-art together with most classic community detection algorithms on different kinds of community detection datasets.
Weathering behaviour of UVPC pipe
Creators: name: Lehunt, Robert John.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Passive superresolution imaging of incoherent objects
Creators: name: Frank, Jernej
name: Duplinskiy, Alexander
name: Bearne, Kaden
name: Lvovsky, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate Hermite Gaussian Imaging (HGI) -- a novel passive super-resolution technique -- for complex 2D incoherent objects in the sub-Rayleigh regime. The method consists of measuring the field's spatial mode components in the image plane in the overcomplete basis of Hermite-Gaussian modes and their superpositions and subsequently using a deep neural network to reconstruct the object from these measurements. We show a three-fold resolution improvement over direct imaging. Our HGI reconstruction retains its superiority even if the same neural network is applied to improve the resolution of direct imaging. This superiority is also preserved in the presence of shot noise. Our findings are the first step towards passive super-resolution imaging protocols in fluorescent microscopy and astronomy.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures
Factors Affecting the Real Estate Market: the Case of Addis Ababa City
Creators: name: Aqubamicheal, Kiros
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2009

description: This Research project entitled with "Factors affecting the real estate market: The case of Addis Ababa City"; identify and describes the main factors affecting the real estate market in Addis Ababa city. The study identified existing operations of the real estate companies in the market and with a focus on currently existing situations in most aspect of the market; major problems are addressed. Both primary data and secondary data are obtained and used. The questionnaire and interview method of data collection and qualitative research method were used. The study finding indicates that the real estate market is constrained by different factors. Because of its dependence on the Diaspora group of clients for its demand side, and with existing economic downturn; there is currently a considerable decline in sales of sampled companies and considerable impact on their ongoing contracts and operations. There is slow and insufficient supply of land, currently the shortage and increased prices of housing construction materials is another factor affecting the market. The inflation and the global economic crises affected the market, materially. Housing prices are less affordable in the market and most of all, long term housing finance are almost nonexistent
Threddy: An Interactive System for Personalized Thread-based Exploration and Organization of Scientific Literature
Creators: name: Kang, Hyeonsu B.
name: Chang, Joseph Chee
name: Kim, Yongsung
name: Kittur, Aniket
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reviewing the literature to understand relevant threads of past work is a critical part of research and vehicle for learning. However, as the scientific literature grows the challenges for users to find and make sense of the many different threads of research grow as well. Previous work has helped scholars to find and group papers with citation information or textual similarity using standalone tools or overview visualizations. Instead, in this work we explore a tool integrated into users' reading process that helps them with leveraging authors' existing summarization of threads, typically in introduction or related work sections, in order to situate their own work's contributions. To explore this we developed a prototype that supports efficient extraction and organization of threads along with supporting evidence as scientists read research articles. The system then recommends further relevant articles based on user-created threads. We evaluate the system in a lab study and find that it helps scientists to follow and curate research threads without breaking out of their flow of reading, collect relevant papers and clips, and discover interesting new articles to further grow threads.
description: To appear at ACM UIST'22
Effects of Psychosocial Intervention on the Level of Stress of School- aged Children who Experienced Displacement in Marawi City, Philippines
Creators: name: Datukali, Tashmera P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Children
subject: Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Psychiatry

description: This study was steer primarily to determine the effect of psychosocial
 intervention to the level of stress of school-aged children who experienced
 displacement in Sarimanok Area (Site 1) that housed 100 families who originally own
 real properties located in the ground zero.
 There were randomly selected 38 displaced children – 7-12 years old involved
 in this study and were exposed to 13 sessions of psychosocial intervention. Selection
 of the participants was based on the following criteria: (a) experiences of war atrocities
 and experience of being a displaced child during the war in Marawi City; and, (b)
 obstructions and prevention of return to original homes despite the end of war.
 Exclusion criteria were lack of war experiences because they left Marawi City with their
 families before the war started and spent the whole war period in other areas and
 children who are professionally diagnosed with physical and psychiatric problems.
 This study utilized three questionnaires in gathering data from subjects enrolled
 in the experimental groups using structured interview. On pre-assessment period,
 Questionnaire 1 which dealt on the basic personal and socio-demographical data and
 Questionnaire 2 which was an adopted 26-item self-report questionnaire of children’s
 stress symptom scale designed by Sharrer and Ryan Wenger, were used in the
 interview. During post-assessment, Questionnaire 2 was utilized for a second time
 including the Questionnaire 3 that was focusing on the children’s feelings before and
 after participating the psychosocial interventions.
 The results of this study suggested that there was a statistically significant
 difference between the level of stress perceived by the displaced school-aged children
 in the pre-test and post-test. This finding suggests that participation in the various
 psychological interventions may have reduced the levels of the children’s stress level
 associated with displacement. Future studies should focus on strengthening
 interventions for displaced children who are vulnerable to harmful effects of stress.
Chemistry and Kinematics of the Late-Forming Dwarf Irregular Galaxies Leo A, Aquarius, and Sagittarius DIG
Creators: name: Kirby, Evan N.
name: Rizzi, Luca
name: Held, Enrico V.
name: Cohen, Judith G.
name: Cole, Andrew A.
name: Manning, Ellen M.
name: Skillman, Evan D.
name: Weisz, Daniel R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Keck/DEIMOS spectroscopy of individual stars in the relatively isolated Local Group dwarf galaxies Leo A, Aquarius, and the Sagittarius dwarf irregular galaxy. The three galaxies--but especially Leo A and Aquarius--share in common delayed star formation histories relative to many other isolated dwarf galaxies. The stars in all three galaxies are supported by dispersion. We found no evidence of stellar velocity structure, even for Aquarius, which has rotating HI gas. The velocity dispersions indicate that all three galaxies are dark matter-dominated, with dark-to-baryonic mass ratios ranging from $4.4^{+1.1}_{-0.8}$ (SagDIG) to $9.6^{+2.5}_{-1.8}$ (Aquarius). Leo A and SagDIG have lower stellar metallicities than Aquarius, and they also have higher gas fractions, both of which would be expected if Aquarius were farther along in its chemical evolution. The metallicity distribution of Leo A is inconsistent with a Closed or Leaky Box model of chemical evolution, suggesting that the galaxy was pre-enriched or acquired external gas during star formation. The metallicities of stars increased steadily for all three galaxies, but possibly at different rates. The [$α$/Fe] ratios at a given [Fe/H] are lower than that of the Sculptor dwarf spheroidal galaxy, which indicates more extended star formation histories than Sculptor, consistent with photometrically derived star formation histories. Overall, the bulk kinematic and chemical properties for the late-forming dwarf galaxies do not diverge significantly from those of less delayed dwarf galaxies, including dwarf spheroidal galaxies.
description: accepted to ApJ; 20 pages, 13 figures, 2 machine-readable table (see "Other formats")
Yang-Mills Casimir wormholes in $D=2+1$
Creators: name: Santos, Alana C. L.
name: Muniz, Célio R.
name: Maluf, Roberto V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work presents new three-dimensional traversable wormhole solutions sourced by the Casimir density and pressures related to the quantum vacuum fluctuations in Yang-Mills (Y-M) theory. We begin by analyzing the noninteracting Y-M Casimir wormholes, initially considering an arbitrary state parameter $ω$ and determine a simple constant wormhole shape function. Next, we introduce a new methodology for deforming the state parameter to find well-behaved redshift functions. The wormhole can be interpreted as a legitimate Casimir wormhole with an expected average state parameter of $ω=2$. Then, we investigate the wormhole curvature properties, energy conditions, and stability. Furthermore, we discover a novel family of traversable wormhole solutions sourced by the quantum vacuum fluctuations of interacting Yang-Mills fields with a more complex shape function. Deforming the effective state parameter similarly, we obtain well-behaved redshift functions and traversable wormhole solutions. Finally, we examine the energy conditions and stability of solutions in the interacting scenario and compare to the noninteracting case.
description: 30 pages, 13 figures, Improved and accepted version for publication in JCAP
Preconditioned Central Moment Lattice Boltzmann Method on a Rectangular Lattice Grid for Accelerated Computations of Inhomogeneous Flows
Creators: name: Yahia, Eman
name: Premnath, Kannan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Convergence acceleration of flow simulations to their steady states at lower Mach numbers can be achieved via preconditioning the lattice Boltzmann (LB) schemes that alleviate the associated numerical stiffness, which have so far been constructed on square lattices. We present a new central moment LB method on rectangular lattice grids for efficient computations of inhomogeneous and anisotropic flows by solving the preconditioned Navier-Stokes (PNS) equations. Moment equilibria corrections are derived via a Chapman-Enskog analysis for eliminating the truncation errors due to grid-anisotropy arising from the use of the rectangular lattice and the non-Galilean invariant cubic velocity errors resulting from an aliasing effect on the standard D2Q9 lattice for consistently recovering the PNS equations. Such corrections depend on the diagonal components of the velocity gradients, which are locally obtained from the second order non-equilibrium moments and parameterized by an associated grid aspect ratio $r$ and a preconditioning parameter $γ$, and the speed of sound in the collision model is naturally adapted to $r$ via a physically consistent strategy. We develop our approach by using a robust non-orthogonal moment basis and the central moment equilibria are based on a matching principle, leading to simpler expressions for the corrections for using the rectangular grids and for representing the viscosities as functions of the relaxation parameters, $r$ and $γ$, and its implementation is modular allowing a ready extension of the existing LB schemes based on the square lattice. Numerical simulations of inhomogeneous and anisotropic shear-driven bounded flows using the preconditioned rectangular central moment LB method demonstrate the accuracy and significant reductions in the numbers of steps to reach the steady states for various sets of characteristic parameters.
description: 43 pages, 12 figures
Charge and Matter Form Factors of Two-Neutron Halo Nuclei in Halo Effective Field Theory at Next-to-leading-order
Creators: name: Vanasse, Jared
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using halo effective field theory (EFT), an expansion in $R_{core}/R_{halo}$, where $R_{core}$ is the radius of the core and $R_{halo}$ the radius of the halo nucleus, we calculate the charge and neutron form factors of the two-neutron halo nuclei $^{11}$Li, $^{14}$Be, and $^{22}$C to next-to-leading-order (NLO) by treating them as an effective three-body system. From the form factors we extract the point charge and point matter radii, inter-neutron distance, and neutron opening angle. Agreement is found with existing experimental extractions. Results are given for the point charge and point matter radii for arbitrary neutron core scattering effective range, $ρ_{cn}$, that can be used for predictions once $ρ_{cn}$ is measured. Estimates for $ρ_{cn}$ are also used to make NLO predictions. Finally, our point charge radii are compared to other halo-EFT predictions, and setting the core mass equal to the neutron mass our point charge radius is found to agree with an analytical prediction in the unitary limit.
description: 31 pages, 9 figures