cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
ExoSGAN and ExoACGAN: Exoplanet Detection using Adversarial Training Algorithms
Creators: name: Agnes, Cicy K
name: Naveed, Akthar
name: Chacko, Anitha Mary M O
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Exoplanet detection opens the door to the discovery of new habitable worlds and helps us understand how planets were formed. With the objective of finding earth-like habitable planets, NASA launched Kepler space telescope and its follow up mission K2. The advancement of observation capabilities has increased the range of fresh data available for research, and manually handling them is both time-consuming and difficult. Machine learning and deep learning techniques can greatly assist in lowering human efforts to process the vast array of data produced by the modern instruments of these exoplanet programs in an economical and unbiased manner. However, care should be taken to detect all the exoplanets precisely while simultaneously minimizing the misclassification of non-exoplanet stars. In this paper, we utilize two variations of generative adversarial networks, namely semi-supervised generative adversarial networks and auxiliary classifier generative adversarial networks, to detect transiting exoplanets in K2 data. We find that the usage of these models can be helpful for the classification of stars with exoplanets. Both of our techniques are able to categorize the light curves with a recall and precision of 1.00 on the test data. Our semi-supervised technique is beneficial to solve the cumbersome task of creating a labeled dataset.
description: 26 pages total
Testing Gravity with Pulsars in the SKA Era
Creators: name: Shao, Lijing
name: Stairs, Ingrid H.
name: Antoniadis, John
name: Deller, Adam T.
name: Freire, Paulo C. C.
name: Hessels, Jason W. T.
name: Janssen, Gemma H.
name: Kramer, Michael
name: Kunz, Jutta
name: Lämmerzahl, Claus
name: Perlick, Volker
name: Possenti, Andrea
name: Ransom, Scott
name: Stappers, Benjamin W.
name: van Straten, Willem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Square Kilometre Array (SKA) will use pulsars to enable precise measurements of strong gravity effects in pulsar systems, which yield tests of gravitational theories that cannot be carried out anywhere else. The Galactic census of pulsars will discover dozens of relativistic pulsar systems, possibly including pulsar -- black hole binaries which can be used to test the "cosmic censorship conjecture" and the "no-hair theorem". Also, the SKA's remarkable sensitivity will vastly improve the timing precision of millisecond pulsars, allowing probes of potential deviations from general relativity (GR). Aspects of gravitation to be explored include tests of strong equivalence principles, gravitational dipole radiation, extra field components of gravitation, gravitomagnetism, and spacetime symmetries.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures, to be published in: "Advancing Astrophysics with the Square Kilometre Array", Proceedings of Science, PoS(AASKA14)042
A conical approach to Laurent expansions for multivariate meromorphic germs with linear poles
Creators: name: Guo, Li
name: Paycha, Sylvie
name: Zhang, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32A20, 32A27, 52A20, 52C07

description: We use convex polyhedral cones to study a large class of multivariate meromorphic germs, namely those with linear poles, which naturally arise in various contexts in mathematics and physics. We express such a germ as a sum of a holomorphic germ and a linear combination of special non-holomorphic germs called polar germs. In analyzing the supporting cones -- cones that reflect the pole structure of the polar germs -- we obtain a geometric criterion for the non-holomorphicity of linear combinations of polar germs. This yields the uniqueness of the above sum when required to be supported on a suitable family of cones and assigns a Laurent expansion to the germ. Laurent expansions provide various decompositions of such germs and thereby a uniformized proof of known results on decompositions of rational fractions. These Laurent expansions also yield new concepts on the space of such germs, all of which are independent of the choice of the specific Laurent expansion. These include a generalization of Jeffrey-Kirwan's residue, a filtered residue and a coproduct in the space of such germs. When applied to exponential sums on rational convex polyhedral cones, the filtered residue yields back exponential integrals.
description: 30 pages
Cosmology on the Largest Scales with the SKA
Creators: name: Camera, S.
name: Raccanelli, A.
name: Bull, P.
name: Bertacca, D.
name: Chen, X.
name: Ferreira, P. G.
name: Kunz, M.
name: Maartens, R.
name: Mao, Y.
name: Santos, M. G.
name: Shapiro, P. R.
name: Viel, M.
name: Xu, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of the Universe on ultra-large scales is one of the major science cases for the Square Kilometre Array (SKA). The SKA will be able to probe a vast volume of the cosmos, thus representing a unique instrument, amongst next-generation cosmological experiments, for scrutinising the Universe's properties on the largest cosmic scales. Probing cosmic structures on extremely large scales will have many advantages. For instance, the growth of perturbations is well understood for those modes, since it falls fully within the linear regime. Also, such scales are unaffected by the poorly understood feedback of baryonic physics. On ultra-large cosmic scales, two key effects become significant: primordial non-Gaussianity and relativistic corrections to cosmological observables. Moreover, if late-time acceleration is driven not by dark energy but by modifications to general relativity, then such modifications should become apparent near and above the horizon scale. As a result, the SKA is forecast to deliver transformational constraints on non-Gaussianity and to probe gravity on super-horizon scales for the first time.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures; updated acknowledgments and references. This article is part of the 'SKA Cosmology Chapter, Advancing Astrophysics with the SKA (AASKA14) Conference, Giardini Naxos (Italy), June 9th-13th 2014'
title: Religious and other conflicts in 1930's Chihuahua: the immense silence and quest for lost patrimony
Creators: name: Stover, Philip
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2024

description: This thesis is a study of religious, ideological, and natural resource conflicts in Chihuahua, Mexico from 1929 to 1940. Its frame of reference is that these conflicts were part of a quest for lost patrimony on the part of individuals, locales, and state and federal governments. Patrimony in this context is defined as both natural and attributed rights and expectations for the resources with which to experience an expected cultural and personal customary lifestyle. These struggles were not grand battles, but local conflicts between competing individuals and small groups for those rights and the power to achieve them. The campesino of this time period were not looking for a new way to exist, but for the creation of, or return to, a customary way of living which was part of their individual and collective memory and inheritance. The 1930s in Chihuahua was an important time of recovery and hope for the Chihuahuense. This thesis seeks to highlight the frustration and violence that accompanied the failed realization of those goals among both the native-born and migrant cultures that often came into conflict in 1930s Chihuahua.
Learning to self-fold at a bifurcation
Creators: name: Arinze, Chukwunonso
name: Stern, Menachem
name: Nagel, Sidney R.
name: Murugan, Arvind
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Disordered mechanical systems can deform along a network of pathways that branch and recombine at special configurations called bifurcation points. Multiple pathways are accessible from these bifurcation points; consequently, computer-aided design algorithms have been sought to achieve a specific structure of pathways at bifurcations by rationally designing the geometry and material properties of these systems. Here, we explore an alternative physical training framework in which the topology of folding pathways in a disordered sheet is changed in a desired manner due to changes in crease stiffnesses induced by prior folding. We study the quality and robustness of such training for different `learning rules', that is, different quantitative ways in which local strain changes the local folding stiffness. We experimentally demonstrate these ideas using sheets with epoxy-filled creases whose stiffnesses change due to folding before the epoxy sets. Our work shows how specific forms of plasticity in materials enable them to learn non-linear behaviors through their prior deformation history in a robust manner.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Rings of small rank over a Dedekind domain and their ideals
Creators: name: O'Dorney, Evan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13F05, 11E16, 11E20, 11R11, 11R16 (Primary), 13B02, 13A15, 11E76 (Secondary)

description: In 2001, M. Bhargava stunned the mathematical world by extending Gauss's 200-year-old group law on integral binary quadratic forms, now familiar as the ideal class group of a quadratic ring, to yield group laws on a vast assortment of analogous objects. His method yields parametrizations of rings of degree up to 5 over the integers, as well as aspects of their ideal structure, and can be employed to yield statistical information about such rings and the associated number fields. In this paper, we extend a selection of Bhargava's most striking parametrizations to cases where the base ring is not Z but an arbitrary Dedekind domain R. We find that, once the ideal classes of R are properly included, we readily get bijections parametrizing quadratic, cubic, and quartic rings, as well as an analogue of the 2x2x2 cube law reinterpreting Gauss composition for which Bhargava is famous. We expect that our results will shed light on the analytic distribution of extensions of degree up to 4 of a fixed number field and their ideal structure.
description: 39 pages, 1 figure. Harvard College senior thesis, edited
Matching generalised transverse-momentum-dependent distributions onto generalised parton distributions at one loop
Creators: name: Bertone, Valerio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The operator definition of generalised transverse-momentum-dependent (GTMD) distributions is exploited to compute for the first time the full set of one-loop corrections to the off-forward matching functions. These functions allow one to obtain GTMDs in the perturbative regime in terms of generalised parton distributions (GPDs). In the unpolarised case, non-perturbative corrections can be incorporated using recent determinations of transverse-momentum-dependent (TMD) distributions. Evolution effects for GTMDs closely follow those for TMDs and can thus be easily accounted for up to next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy. As a by-product, the relevant one-loop anomalous dimensions are derived, confirming previous results. As a practical application, numerical results for a specific kind of GTMDs are presented, highlighting some salient features.
description: 28 pages including references, 6 figures, accompanied by a code to reproduce the numerical results
On the first Hochschild cohomology of admissible algebras
Creators: name: Li, Fang
name: Tan, Dezhan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16E40, 16G20, 16W25, 16S32

description: Our aim in this paper is to investigate the first Hochschild cohomology of {\em admissible algebras} which can be seen as a generalization of basic algebras. For this purpose, we study differential operators on an admissible algebra. Firstly, differential operators from a path algebra to its quotient algebra as an admissible algebra are discussed. Based on this discussion, the first cohomology with admissible algebras as coefficient modules is characterized, including their dimension formula. Besides, for planar quivers, the $k$-linear bases of the first cohomology of acyclic complete monomial algebras and acyclic truncated quiver algebras are constructed over the field $k$ of characteristic $0$.
description: 16 pages
On the Versatile Uses of Partial Distance Correlation in Deep Learning
Creators: name: Zhen, Xingjian
name: Meng, Zihang
name: Chakraborty, Rudrasis
name: Singh, Vikas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Comparing the functional behavior of neural network models, whether it is a single network over time or two (or more networks) during or post-training, is an essential step in understanding what they are learning (and what they are not), and for identifying strategies for regularization or efficiency improvements. Despite recent progress, e.g., comparing vision transformers to CNNs, systematic comparison of function, especially across different networks, remains difficult and is often carried out layer by layer. Approaches such as canonical correlation analysis (CCA) are applicable in principle, but have been sparingly used so far. In this paper, we revisit a (less widely known) from statistics, called distance correlation (and its partial variant), designed to evaluate correlation between feature spaces of different dimensions. We describe the steps necessary to carry out its deployment for large scale models -- this opens the door to a surprising array of applications ranging from conditioning one deep model w.r.t. another, learning disentangled representations as well as optimizing diverse models that would directly be more robust to adversarial attacks. Our experiments suggest a versatile regularizer (or constraint) with many advantages, which avoids some of the common difficulties one faces in such analyses. Code is at https://github.com/zhenxingjian/Partial_Distance_Correlation.
description: This paper has been selected as best paper award for ECCV 2022!
Attosecond Field Emission
Creators: name: Kim, H. Y.
name: Garg, M.
name: Mandal, S.
name: Seiffert, L.
name: Fennel, T.
name: Goulielmakis, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Field-emission of electrons underlies major advances in science and technology, ranging from imaging the atomic-scale structure of matter to signal processing at ever-higher frequencies. The advancement of these applications to their ultimate limits of temporal resolution and frequency calls for techniques that can confine and probe the field emission on the sub-femtosecond time scale. We used intense, sub-cycle transients to induce optical field emission of electron pulses from tungsten nanotips and a weak replica of the same transient to directly probe the emission dynamics in real-time. Access into the temporal profile of the emerging electron pulses, including the duration $τ$ = (53 as $\pm$ 5 as) and chirp, and the direct probing of nanoscale near-fields, open new prospects for research and applications at the interface of attosecond physics and nanooptics.
Numerical modelling of imposed magnetohydrodynamic effects in hypersonic flows
Creators: name: Muir, Heather A.
name: Nikiforakis, Nikos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weakly ionised plasmas, formed in high enthalpy hypersonic flows, can be actively manipulated via imposed magnetic fields - a concept termed magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow control. Imposed MHD effects, within flows which exhibit multiple shock interactions, are consequential for emerging aerospace technologies: including aerodynamic control via magnetic actuation. However, numerical modelling of this flow type remains challenging due to the sensitivity of feature formation and the real gas modelling of weakly ionised, electrically conductive, air plasma. In this work, numerical simulation capabilities have been developed for the study of MHD affected, hypersonic flows, around 2D axisymmetric non-simple geometries. The validated numerical methodology, combined with an advanced 19 species equation of state for air plasma, achieves quantitative agreement between simulation and experiment for a Mach 5.6 double cone geometry with applied magnetic field. Numerical studies are conducted for varied conical surface angle and magnetic field configuration. This paper demonstrates how, for hypersonic flows with complex shock interactions, the MHD affected flow is not only augmented in terms of shock position, but may exhibit topological adaptations in the fundamental flow structure. A classification system is introduced for the emergent flow topologies. The applied numerical studies examine the mechanisms by which the magnetic field configuration influences the MHD augmented shock structure, leading to: (1) differences in magnitude of MHD enhancement effect, and (2) structural adaptations of the flow topology. Most critically, classes of conditions are identified which produce topological equivalence between the magnetic interaction effects and a generalised mechanical control surface.
Enhancing teleportation of quantum Fisher information by partial measurements
Creators: name: Xiao, Xing
name: Yao, Yao
name: Zhong, Wo-Jun
name: Li, Yan-Ling
name: Xie, Ying-Mao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The purport of quantum teleportation is to completely transfer information from one party to another distant partner. However, from the perspective of parameter estimation, it is the information carried by a particular parameter, not the information of total quantum state that needs to be teleported. Due to the inevitable noise in environment, we propose two schemes to enhance quantum Fisher information (QFI) teleportation under amplitude damping noise with the technique of partial measurements. We find that post partial measurement can greatly enhance the teleported QFI, while the combination of prior partial measurement and post partial measurement reversal could completely eliminate the effect of decoherence. We show that, somewhat consequentially, enhancing QFI teleportation is more economic than that of improving fidelity teleportation. Our work extends the ability of partial measurements as a quantum technique to battle decoherence in quantum information processing.
description: Revised version, minor changes, accepted by Phys. Rev. A
Complexity emerges in measures of the marking dynamics in football games
Creators: name: Chacoma, A.
name: Kuperman, M. N.
name: Billoni, O. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we study the dynamics of marking in football matches. To do this, we surveyed and analyzed a database containing the trajectories of players from both teams on the field of play during three professional games. We describe the dynamics through the construction of temporal bipartite networks of proximity. Based on the introduced concept of proximity, the nodes are the players, and the links are defined between opponents that are close enough to each other at a given moment. By studying the evolution of the heterogeneity parameter of the networks during the game, we characterized a scaling law for the average shape of the fluctuations, unveiling the emergence of complexity in the system. Moreover, we proposed a simple model to simulate the players' motion in the field from where we obtained the evolution of a synthetic proximity network. We show that the model captures with a remarkable agreement the complexity of the empirical case, hence it proves to be helpful to elucidate the underlying mechanisms responsible for the observed phenomena.
Dynamics of Mass Polar Spheroids During Sedimentation
Creators: name: Nissanka, Kavinda J.
name: Ma, Xiaolei
name: Burton, Justin C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of sedimenting particles under gravity are surprisingly complex due to the presence of effective long-ranged forces. When the particles are polar with a well-defined symmetry axis and non-uniform density, recent theoretical predictions suggest that prolate objects will repel and oblate ones will weakly attract. We tested these predictions using mass polar proalte spheroids, which are composed of 2 mm spheres glued together. We probed different aspect rations ($κ$) and center of mass offsets ($χ$) by combining spheres of different densities. Experiments were done in both quasi-two-dimensional (2D) and three=dimensional (3D) chambers. By optically tracking the motion of single particles, we found that the dynamics were well-described by a reduced mobility matrix model that could be solved analytically. Pairs of particles exhibited an effective repulsion, and their separation roughly scaled as ~$(κ-1)/χ^{0.39}$, i.e. particles that were more prolate or had smaller mass asymmetry had stronger repulsion effects. In 3D, particles with $χ>0$ were distributed more uniformly than $χ=0$ particles, and the degree of uniformity increased with $κ$, indicating that the effective 2-body repulsion manifests for a large number of particles.
Structural correlations and phase separation in binary mixtures of charged and uncharged colloids
Creators: name: Allahyarov, Elshad
name: Löwen, Hartmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Structural correlations between colloids in a binary mixture of charged and uncharged spheres are calculated using computer simulations of the primitive model with explicit microions. For aqueous suspensions in a solvent of large dielectric constant, the traditional Derjaguin-Landau-Vervey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory of linear screening, supplemented with hard core interactions, reproduces the structural correlations obtained in the full primitive model quantitatively. However for lower dielectric contrast, the increasing Coulomb coupling between the micro- and macroions results in strong deviations. We find a fluid-fluid phase separation into two regions either rich in charged or rich in uncharged particles which is not reproduced by DLVO theory. Our results are verifiable in scattering or real-space experiments on charged-uncharged mixtures of colloids or nanoparticles.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables
Measurement of angular correlations between $\rm D$ mesons and charged particles in pp and p-Pb collisions with ALICE at the LHC
Creators: name: Kar, Somnath
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the azimuthal correlations between $\rm D^0$, $\rm D^+$ and $\rm D^{*+}$ mesons and charged particles in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=7~\mathrm{TeV}$ and p-Pb collisions at ${\sqrt{s_{\scriptscriptstyle \rm NN}}}=5.02~\mathrm{TeV}$ at the Large Hadron Collider. D mesons were reconstructed from their hadronic decays in the central rapidity region and in the transverse-momentum range 3 $\le p_{T} \le$ 16 $\mathrm{GeV}/c$, and they were correlated to charged particles reconstructed in the pseudo-rapidity range $|η| < 0.8$. A comparative study of the pp results with Monte Carlo Pythia studies and also with p-Pb results are presented here.
description: Proceedings of the ICPAQGP,2015 conference, February 2-6, 2015. 6 pages, 5 figures
Making the case for causal dynamical triangulations
Creators: name: Cooperman, Joshua H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of the causal dynamical triangulations approach is to define nonperturbatively a quantum theory of gravity as the continuum limit of a lattice-regularized model of dynamical geometry. My aim in this paper is to give a concise yet comprehensive, impartial yet personal presentation of the causal dynamical triangulations approach.
description: 8.5 pages plus references, 5 figures
Prospects of Gravitational Wave Follow-up Through a Wide-field Ultra-violet Satellite: a Dorado Case Study
Creators: name: Dorsman, Bas
name: Raaijmakers, Geert
name: Cenko, S. Bradley
name: Nissanke, Samaya
name: Singer, Leo P.
name: Kasliwal, Mansi M.
name: Piro, Anthony L.
name: Bellm, Eric C.
name: Hartmann, Dieter H.
name: Hotokezaka, Kenta
name: Lukošiūtė, Kamilė
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detection of gravitational waves from binary neuron star merger GW170817 and electromagnetic counterparts GRB170817 and AT2017gfo kick-started the field of gravitational wave multimessenger astronomy. The optically red to near infra-red emission (`red' component) of AT2017gfo was readily explained as produced by the decay of newly created nuclei produced by rapid neutron capture (a kilonova). However, the ultra-violet to optically blue emission (`blue' component) that was dominant at early times (up to 1.5 days) received no consensus regarding its driving physics. Among many explanations, two leading contenders are kilonova radiation from a lanthanide-poor ejecta component or shock interaction (cocoon emission). In this work, we simulate AT2017gfo-like light curves and perform a Bayesian analysis to study whether an ultra-violet satellite capable of rapid gravitational wave follow-up, could distinguish between physical processes driving the early `blue' component. We find that a Dorado-like ultra-violet satellite, with a 50 sq. deg. field of view and a limiting magnitude (AB) of 20.5 for a 10 minute exposure is able to distinguish radiation components up to at least 160 Mpc if data collection starts within 3.2 or 5.2 hours for two possible AT2017gfo-like light curve scenarios. We also study the degree to which parameters can be constrained with the obtained photometry. We find that, while ultra-violet data alone constrains parameters governing the outer ejecta properties, the combination of both ground-based optical and space-based ultra-violet data allows for tight constraints for all but one parameter of the kilonova model up to 160 Mpc. These results imply that an ultra-violet mission like Dorado would provide unique insights into the early evolution of the post-merger system and its driving emission physics.
description: 13 pages, 2 tables, 7 figures. Comments welcome. To be submitted to ApJ
Quintic algebras over Dedekind domains and their sextic resolvents
Creators: name: O'Dorney, Evan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13F05, 13B02 (Primary), 11E76, 11R21 (Secondary)

description: Bhargava parametrized quintic rings over $\mathbb{Z}$ by quadruples of $5\times 5$ alternating matrices. We extend the construction to work similarly over any Dedekind domain $R$. No assumptions are needed on the characteristic of $R$. The resolvent consists of a pair of locally free modules $L$, $M$ with two multilinear maps between them; we can view $L$ as $Q/R$, for $Q$ the quintic ring, and $M$ as $S/R$, where $S$ is a sextic resolvent ring. As in Bhargava's treatment, any quintic ring has a resolvent ring, and for a maximal ring, the resolvent is unique. We hope that this work will enable the removal of the condition that the characteristic be different from $2$ in Bhargava-Shankar-Wang's proof of Linnik's conjecture on the asymptotic distribution of discriminants of relative extensions.
description: 13 pages. Accepted at Research in Number Theory
A physically motivated `charge-exchange method' for measuring electron temperatures within HII regions
Creators: name: Kreckel, K.
name: Egorov, O.
name: Belfiore, F.
name: Groves, B.
name: Glover, S. C. O.
name: Klessen, R. S.
name: Sandstrom, K.
name: Bigiel, F.
name: Dale, D. A.
name: Grasha, K.
name: Scheuermann, F.
name: Williams, T. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: Temperature uncertainties plague our understanding of abundance variations within the ISM. Using the PHANGS-MUSE large program, we develop and apply a new technique to model the strong emission lines arising from HII regions in 19 nearby spiral galaxies at ~50 pc resolution and infer electron temperatures for the nebulae. Methods: Due to the charge-exchange coupling of the ionization fraction of the atomic oxygen to that of hydrogen, the emissivity of the observed [OI]6300/Ha line ratio can be modeled as a function of gas phase oxygen abundance (O/H), ionization fraction (f_ion) and electron temperature (T_e). We measure (O/H) using a strong line metallicity calibration, and identify a correlation between f_ion and [SIII]9069/[SII]6716,6730, tracing ionization parameter variations. Results: We solve for T_e, and test the method by reproducing direct measurements of T_e([NII]5755) based on auroral line detections to within ~600 K. We apply this charge-exchange method of calculating T_e to 4,129 HII regions across 19 PHANGS-MUSE galaxies. We uncover radial temperature gradients, increased homogeneity on small scales, and azimuthal temperature variations in the disks that correspond to established abundance patterns. This new technique for measuring electron temperatures leverages the growing availability of optical integral field unit spectroscopic maps across galaxy samples, increasing the statistics available compared to direct auroral line detections.
description: 21 pages, 22 figures, accepted by A&A
Causas posibles de algunas patologías crónicas y cáncer
Creators: name: Ilari, Daniel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: cancer
subject: patologías crónicas
subject: parásitos
subject: hongos
subject: virus
subject: bacteroides
subject: Bacteroides

description: Diversos parásitos, hongos o virus, facilitan la infección con bacteroides (cáncer ) o bacterias. El control de la patología debería hacerse con un análisis bioquímico que identifique a los microorganismos y así poder controlar a ambos agentes, tanto al bacteroide o bacteria, como al parásito u hongo o virus.
Multiparticle production in proton-nucleus collisions beyond eikonal accuracy
Creators: name: Agostini, Pedro
name: Altinoluk, Tolga
name: Armesto, Néstor
name: Dominguez, Fabio
name: Milhano, José Guilherme
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects on multigluon production at mid-rapidity in the Color Glass Condensate of the non-eikonal corrections that stem from relaxing the shockwave approximation and giving the target a finite size. We extend previous works performed in the dilute-dilute approximation suitable for proton-proton collisions, to the dilute-dense one applicable to proton-nucleus. We employ the McLerran-Venugopalan model for the projectile averages. For the target averages, we use the Golec-Biernat--Wüsthoff model and restrict to the leading contributions in overlap area that allow a factorization of ensembles of Wilson lines into products of dipoles. We make the connection with the jet quenching formalism and compare with previous results in the literature, providing a parametrization of the so-called decorated dipoles. We show that the non-eikonal effects on single inclusive particle production, contrary to what happens in jet quenching, are only sizable, of a few percent, for modest energies $\sqrt{s_{NN}}\leq 100$ GeV and central rapidities. On the other hand, we find that the effects on double inclusive gluon production are larger for the same kinematics. We show that, as found previously in the dilute-dilute situation, non-eikonal corrections break the accidental symmetry in the CGC, allowing for the existence of non-vanishing odd azimuthal harmonics.
description: 43 pages, 6 figures
Finite field-dependent BRST symmetry for ABJM theory in ${\cal N}=1$ superspace
Creators: name: Faizal, Mir
name: Upadhyay, Sudhaker
name: Mandal, Bhabani Prasad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we analyse the ABJM theory in ${\cal N}=1$ superspace. Firstly we study the linear and non-linear BRST transformations for the ABJM theory. Then we derive the finite field dependent version of these BRST (FFBRST) transformations. Further we show that such FFBRST transformations relate the generating functional in linear gauge to the generating functional in the non-linear gauge of ABJM theory.
description: 10 pages, Latex, No Figs. To appear in Phys. Lett. B
Spin dependence of ferroelectric polarization in the double exchange model for manganites
Creators: name: Solovyev, I. V.
name: Nikolaev, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The double exchange (DE) model is systematically applied for studying the coupling between ferroelectric (FE) and magnetic orders in several prototypical types of multiferroic manganites. The model was constructed for the magnetically active Mn $3d$ bands in the basis of Wannier functions and include the effect of screened on-site Coulomb interactions. The essence of our approach for the FE polarization is to use the Berry phase theory, formulated in terms of occupied Wannier functions, and to evaluate the asymmetric spin-dependent change of these functions in the framework of the DE model. This enables us to quantify the effect of the magnetic symmetry breaking and derive several useful expressions for the electronic polarization ${\bf P}$, depending on the relative directions of spins. The proposed theory is applied to the solution of three major problems: (i) The magnetic-state dependence of ${\bf P}$ in hexagonal manganites; (ii) The microscopic relationship between canted ferromagnetism and ${\bf P}$ in monoclinic BiMnO$_3$; (iii) The origin of FE activity in orthorhombic manganites. We show that for an arbitrary noncollinear magnetic structure, propagating along the orthorhombic $\boldsymbol{b}$ axis and antiferromagnetically coupled $\boldsymbol{c}$, ${\bf P}$ can be obtained by scaling the one of the E-phase with the prefactor depending only on the relative directions of spins and being the measure of the spin inhomogeneity. This picture works equally well for the twofold (HoMnO$_3$) and fourfold (TbMnO$_3$) periodic manganites. The basic difference is that the twofold periodic magnetic structure is strongly inhomogeneous, that leads to large ${\bf P}$. On the contrary, the fourfold periodic magnetic structure can be viewed as a moderately distorted homogeneous spin spiral, which corresponds to weaker ${\bf P}$.
description: 32 pages, 7 figures
Lagrangian stretching reveals stress topology in viscoelastic flows
Creators: name: Kumar, Manish
name: Guasto, Jeffrey S.
name: Ardekani, Arezoo M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Viscoelastic flows are pervasive in a host of natural and industrial processes, where the emergence of nonlinear and time-dependent dynamics regulate flow resistance, energy consumption, and particulate dispersal. Polymeric stress induced by the advection and stretching of suspended polymers feeds back on the underlying fluid flow, which ultimately dictates the dynamics, instability, and transport properties of viscoelastic fluids. However, direct experimental quantification of the stress field is challenging, and a fundamental understanding of how Lagrangian flow structure regulates the distribution of polymeric stress is lacking. In this work, we show that the topology of the polymeric stress field precisely mirrors the Lagrangian stretching field, where the latter depends solely on flow kinematics. We develop a general analytical expression that directly relates the polymeric stress and stretching in weakly viscoelastic fluids for both nonlinear and unsteady flows, which is also extended to special cases characterized by strong kinematics. Furthermore, numerical simulations reveal a clear correlation between the stress and stretching field topologies for unstable viscoelastic flows across a broad range of geometries. Ultimately, our results establish a connection between the Eulerian stress field and the Lagrangian structure of viscoelastic flows. This work provides a simple framework to determine the topology of polymeric stress directly from readily measurable flow field data and lays the foundation for directly linking the polymeric stress to flow transport properties.
Mass Predictions of Open-Flavour Hybrid Mesons from QCD Sum Rules
Creators: name: Ho, Jason
name: Harnett, Derek
name: Steele, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within QCD, colourless states may be constructed corresponding to exotic matter outside of the traditional quark model. Experiments have recently observed tetraquark and pentaquark states, but no definitive hybrid meson signals have been observed. With the construction of the PANDA experiment at FAIR, and with full commissioning of the GlueX experiment at JLab expected to be completed this year, the opportunity for the observation of hybrid mesons has greatly increased. However, theoretical calculations are necessary to ascertain the identity of any experimental resonances that may be observed. We present selected QCD sum rule results from a full range of quantum numbers for open-flavour hybrid mesons with heavy valence quark content, including non-perturbative condensate contributions up to six-dimensions.
description: Formatted from poster presented at 38th International Conference on High Energy Physics, 3-10 August 2016, Chicago, USA. 4 pages, 1 table and 2 figures. Submitted for publication in Proceedings of Science as PoS(ICHEP2016)849. Original poster attached
Broadband spectroscopy of astrophysical ice analogues: II. Optical constants of CO and CO$_2$ ices in the terahertz and infrared ranges
Creators: name: Gavdush, A. A.
name: Kruczkiewicz, F.
name: Giuliano, B. M.
name: Müller, B.
name: Komandin, G. A.
name: Grassi, T.
name: Theulé, P.
name: Zaytsev, K. I.
name: Ivlev, A. V.
name: Caselli, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: Broadband optical constants of astrophysical ice analogues in the infrared (IR) and terahertz (THz) ranges are required for modeling the dust continuum emission and radiative transfer in dense and cold regions, where thick icy mantles are formed on the surface of dust grains. Aims: In this paper, the THz time-domain spectroscopy (TDS) and the Fourier-transform IR spectroscopy (FTIR) are combined to study optical constants of CO and CO$_2$ ices in the broad THz-IR spectral range. Methods: The measured ices are grown at cryogenic temperatures by gas deposition on a cold Si window. A method to quantify the broadband THz-IR optical constants of ices is developed based on the direct reconstruction of the complex refractive index of ices in the THz range from the TDS data, and the use of the Kramers-Kronig relation in the IR range for the reconstruction from the FTIR data. Uncertainties of the Kramers-Kronig relation are eliminated by merging the THz and IR spectra. The reconstructed THz-IR response is then analyzed using classical models of complex dielectric permittivity. Results: The complex refractive index of CO and CO$_2$ ices deposited at the temperature of $28$ K is obtained in the range of 0.3--12.0 THz. Based on the measured dielectric constants, opacities of the astrophysical dust with CO and CO$_2$ icy mantles are computed. Conclusions: The developed method can be used for a model-independent reconstruction of optical constants of various astrophysical ice analogs in a broad THz-IR range. Such data can provide important benchmarks to interpret the broadband observations from the existing and future ground-based facilities and space telescopes. The reported results will be useful to model sources that show a drastic molecular freeze-out, such as central regions of prestellar cores and mid-planes of protoplanetary disks, as well as CO and CO$_2$ snow lines in disks.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A, 9 pages, 7 figures
The SPHINX M-dwarf Spectral Grid. I. Benchmarking New Model Atmospheres to Derive Fundamental M-Dwarf Properties
Creators: name: Iyer, Aishwarya R.
name: Line, Michael R.
name: Muirhead, Philip S.
name: Fortney, Jonathan J.
name: Gharib-Nezhad, Ehsan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: About 70-80% of stars in our solar and galactic neighborhood are M dwarfs. They span a range of low masses and temperatures relative to solar-type stars, facilitating molecule formation throughout their atmospheres. Standard stellar atmosphere models primarily designed for FGK stars face challenges when characterizing broadband molecular features in spectra of cool stars. Here, we introduce SPHINX--a new 1-D self-consistent radiative-convective thermochemical equilibrium chemistry model grid of atmospheres and spectra for M dwarfs in low-resolution (R~250). We incorporate the latest pre-computed absorption cross-sections with pressure-broadening for key molecules dominant in late-K, early/main-sequence-M stars. We then validate our grid models by acquiring fundamental properties (Teff, log(g), [M/H], radius, and C/O) for 10 benchmark M+G binary stars with known host metallicities and 10 M dwarfs with interferometrically measured angular diameters. Incorporating a Gaussian-process inference tool Starfish, we account for correlated and systematic noise in low-resolution (spectral stitching of SpeX, SNIFS, and STIS) observations and derive robust estimates of fundamental M dwarf atmospheric parameters. Additionally, we assess the influence of photospheric heterogeneity on acquired [M/H] and find that it could explain some deviations from observations. We also probe whether the model-assumed convective mixing-length parameter influences inferred radii, effective temperature, and [M/H] and again find that may explain discrepancies between interferometry observations and model-derived stellar parameters for cooler M dwarfs. Mainly, we show the unique strength in leveraging broadband molecular absorption features occurring in low-resolution M dwarf spectra and demonstrate the ability to improve constraints on fundamental properties of exoplanet hosts and late brown dwarf companions.
description: Submitted to ApJ
Dispersive approach to QCD: tau lepton hadronic decay in vector and axial-vector channels
Creators: name: Nesterenko, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dispersive approach to QCD, which extends the applicability range of perturbation theory towards the infrared domain, is developed. This approach properly accounts for the intrinsically nonperturbative constraints, which originate in the low-energy kinematic restrictions on pertinent strong interaction processes. The dispersive approach proves to be capable of describing OPAL (update 2012) and ALEPH (update 2014) experimental data on inclusive tau lepton hadronic decay in vector and axial-vector channels in a self-consistent way.
description: Talk given at 17th International QCD Conference (QCD 14), 30 June - 4 July 2014, Montpellier, France; 4 pages, 1 figure
Two Dimensional Multigap Superconductivity in Bulk 2H-TaSSe
Creators: name: Patra, C.
name: Agarwal, T.
name: Chaudhari, Rajeshwari R.
name: Singh, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconducting transition metal dichalcogenides emerged as a prime candidate for topological superconductivity. This work presents a detailed investigation of superconducting and transport properties on 2H-TaSeS single crystals using magnetization, transport, and specific heat measurements. These measurements suggest multigap anisotropic superconductivity with the upper critical field, breaking Pauli limiting field in both in-plane and out-of-plane directions. The angle dependence of the upper critical field suggests 2-dimensional superconducting nature in bulk 2H- TaSeS.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures