cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Non-stochastic matrix Schrödinger equation for open systems
Creators: name: Joubert-Doriol, Loïc
name: Ryabinkin, Ilya G.
name: Izmaylov, Artur F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an extension of the Schrödinger equation for a quantum system interacting with environment. This equation describes dynamics of auxiliary wave-functions $\mathbf{m}$, from which the system density matrix can be reconstructed as $\hatρ = \mathbf{m} \mathbf{m}^\dagger$. We formulate a compatibility condition, which ensures that the reconstructed density satisfies a given quantum master equation for the system density. The resulting non-stochastic evolution equation preserves positive-definiteness of the system density and is applicable to both Markovian and non-Markovian system-bath treatments. Our formalism also resolves a long-standing problem of energy non-conservation in the time-dependent variational principle applied to mixed states of closed systems.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Investigating the role of antibody dysregulation in lung disease
Creators: name: Boustani, Karim
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: Antibodies play a critical role in providing long-term immunity against pathogens. They are also required for the maintenance of commensal homeostasis at mucosal surfaces. However, their dysregulation can result in the generation of autoantibody, resulting in autoimmune disease and a shift away from a protective function to a more pathogenic role. There is growing evidence to support the dysregulation of antibody responses in chronic lung diseases such as interstitial lung disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and, more recently, COVID-19. The aim of this thesis was to investigate how dysregulated antibody responses contribute to the pathogenesis of ILD and to pulmonary changes in individuals with persistent respiratory symptoms following COVID-19. Total antibody and autoantibody responses were characterised in a cohort of patients with IPF, CHP, CTD-ILD and healthy controls. A broad autoantibody signature was identified in approximately half of patients that was absent in healthy controls. Additionally, this signature was specific to the airways as autoantibody was not detected systemically. Analysis of antibody coating of airway bacteria revealed a loss of binding by antibody in patients with IPF compared to healthy controls, despite local increases in antibodies against taxa whose abundances are commonly elevated in IPF airways. Patients with IPF had increases in lung B cells. Further, approximately half of patients with IPF had extensive B cell aggregates within the lung parenchyma that co-localised with CXCL13, highlighting the lungs as a potential local niche for the generation of dysregulated antibody. Dysregulated antibody responses were also a feature in post- COVID patients and were associated with worse lung function.. Collectively, these findings confirm a dysregulation of antibody responses in ILD and post-COVID airways in the absence of systemic changes and highlight the importance of airway sampling, particularly in determining future therapeutic strategies for lung fibrosis.
A Coronal Mass Ejection Source Region Catalogue and their Associated Properties
Creators: name: Majumdar, Satabdwa
name: Patel, Ritesh
name: Pant, Vaibhav
name: Banerjee, Dipankar
name: Rawat, Aarushi
name: Pradhan, Abhas
name: Singh, Paritosh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The primary objective of this study is to connect the coronal mass ejections (CMEs) to their source regions, primarily creating a CME source region (CSR) catalogue, and secondly probing into the influence the source regions have on different statistical properties of CMEs. We create a source region catalogue for 3327 CMEs from 1998 to 2017, thus capturing the different phases of cycle 23 and 24. The identified source regions are segregated into 3 classes, Active Regions (ARs), Prominence Eruptions (PEs) and Active Prominences (APs), while the CMEs are segregated into slow and fast based on their average projected speeds. We find the contribution of these three source region types to the occurrences of slow and fast CMEs to be different in the above period. A study of the distribution of average speeds reveals different power-laws for CMEs originating from different sources, and the power-law is different during the different phases of cycles 23 and 24. A study of statistical latitudinal deflections showed equator-ward deflections, while the magnitude of deflections again bears an imprint of the source regions. An East-West asymmetry is also noted, particularly in the rising phase of cycle 23, with the presence of active longitudes for the CMEs, with a preference towards the Western part of the Sun. Our results show that different aspects of CME kinematics bear a strong imprint of the source regions they originate from, thus indicating the existence of different ejection and/or propagation mechanisms of these CMEs.
description: 29 Pages, 18 Figures. Accepted in The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series (APJS)
The effect of meditation on brain structure: cortical thickness mapping and diffusion tensor imaging
Creators: name: Jo, Hang Joon
name: Jung, Ye-Ha
name: An, Seung Chan
name: Lee, Ul Soon
name: Jang, Joon Hwan
name: Kang, Do-Hyung
name: Kim, Sun Hyung
name: Kwon, Jun Soo
name: Choi, Chi-Hoon
name: Jung, Wi Hoon
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: A convergent line of neuroscientific evidence suggests that meditation alters the functional and structural plasticity of distributed neural processes underlying attention and emotion. The purpose of this study was to examine the brain structural differences between a well-matched sample of long-term meditators and controls. We employed whole-brain cortical thickness analysis based on magnetic resonance imaging, and diffusion tensor imaging to quantify white matter integrity in the brains of 46 experienced meditators compared with 46 matched meditation-naïve volunteers. Meditators, compared with controls, showed significantly greater cortical thickness in the anterior regions of the brain, located in frontal and temporal areas, including the medial prefrontal cortex, superior frontal cortex, temporal pole and the middle and interior temporal cortices. Significantly thinner cortical thickness was found in the posterior regions of the brain, located in the parietal and occipital areas, including the postcentral cortex, inferior parietal cortex, middle occipital cortex and posterior cingulate cortex. Moreover, in the region adjacent to the medial prefrontal cortex, both higher fractional anisotropy values and greater cortical thickness were observed. Our findings suggest that long-term meditators have structural differences in both gray and white matter.
Study of gamma induced defects in Nd doped phosphate glass using UV-Vis spectrophotometer and photophysics beamline on INDUS-1
Creators: name: Rai, V. N.
name: Sekhar, B. N. Raja
name: Jagtap, B. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nd doped phosphate glasses have been studied before and after gamma irradiation in order to understand the effect of glass composition and radiation induced defects on the optical properties of glasses. UV, Vis absorption and photoluminescence spectra of these glasses are found strongly dependent on the composition of glass matrix, particularly on the ratio of oxygen (O) and neodymium (Nd) concentration obtained from energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopic (EDX) measurement. Gamma irradiation of glass modifies the transmission below 700 nm due to generation of some new absorption bands corresponding to different types of defects. Observations indicate toward possibility of change in the valence state of Nd3+ to Nd2+ and generation of oxygen vacancies in glass matrix. EDX and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS) measurements indicate change in the composition of glasses particularly decrease in the relative concentration of oxygen in glass samples after gamma irradiation.
Probing reflection from aerosols with the near-infrared dayside spectrum of WASP-80b
Creators: name: Jacobs, Bob
name: Désert, Jean-Michel
name: Gao, Peter
name: Morley, Caroline V.
name: Arcangeli, Jacob
name: Barat, Saugata
name: Marley, Mark S.
name: Moses, Julianne I.
name: Fortney, Jonathan J.
name: Bean, Jacob L.
name: Stevenson, Kevin B.
name: Panwar, Vatsal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of aerosols is intimately linked to the global energy budget and the composition of a planet's atmospheres. Their ability to reflect incoming light prevents energy from being deposited into the atmosphere, and they shape spectra of exoplanets. We observed five near-infrared secondary eclipses of WASP-80b with the Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) aboard the \textit{Hubble Space Telescope} to provide constraints on the presence and properties of atmospheric aerosols. We detect a broadband eclipse depth of $34\pm10$\,ppm for WASP-80b. We detect a higher planetary flux than expected from thermal emission alone at $1.6σ$, which hints toward the presence of reflecting aerosols on this planet's dayside, indicating a geometric albedo of $A_g<0.33$ at 3$σ$. We paired the WFC3 data with Spitzer data and explored multiple atmospheric models with and without aerosols to interpret this spectrum. Albeit consistent with a clear dayside atmosphere, we found a slight preference for near-solar metallicities and for dayside clouds over hazes. We exclude soot haze formation rates higher than $10^{-10.7}$ g cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$ and tholin formation rates higher than $10^{-12.0}$ g cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$ at $3σ$. We applied the same atmospheric models to a previously published WFC3/Spitzer transmission spectrum for this planet and found weak haze formation. A single soot haze formation rate best fits both the dayside and the transmission spectra simultaneously. However, we emphasize that no models provide satisfactory fits in terms of the chi-square of both spectra simultaneously, indicating longitudinal dissimilarity in the atmosphere's aerosol composition.
description: Published in ApJ Letters (20 Oct 2023)
Star catalog position and proper motion corrections in asteroid astrometry
Creators: name: Farnocchia, D.
name: Chesley, S. R.
name: Chamberlin, A. B.
name: Tholen, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a scheme to correct asteroid astrometric observations for star catalog systematic errors due to inaccurate star positions and proper motions. As reference we select the most accurate stars in the PPMXL catalog, i.e., those based on 2MASS astrometry. We compute position and proper motion corrections for 19 of the most used star catalogs. The use of these corrections provides better ephemeris predictions and improves the error statistics of astrometric observations, e.g., by removing most of the regional systematic errors previously seen in Pan-STARRS PS1 asteroid astrometry. The correction table is publicly available at ftp://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/pub/ssd/debias/debias_2014.tgz and can be freely used in orbit determination algorithms to obtain more reliable asteroid trajectories.
Ballistic spin-transport properties of magnetic tunnel junctions with MnCr-based ferrimagnetic quaternary Heusler alloys
Creators: name: Roy, Tufan
name: Tsujikawa, Masahito
name: Shirai, Masafumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the suitability of nearly half-metallic ferrimagnetic quaternary Heusler alloys, CoCrMnZ (Z=Al, Ga, Si, Ge) to assess the feasibility as electrode materials of MgO-based magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ). Low magnetic moments of these alloys originated from the anti-ferromagnetic coupling between Mn and Cr spins ensure a negligible stray field in spintronics devices as well as a lower switching current required to flip their spin direction. We confirmed mechanical stability of these materials from the evaluated values of elastic constants, and the absence of any imaginary frequency in their phonon dispersion curves. The influence of swapping disorders on the electronic structures and their relative stability are also discussed. A high spin polarization of the conduction electrons are observed in case of CoCrMnZ/MgO hetrojunctions, independent of terminations at the interface. Based on our ballistic transport calculations, a large coherent tunnelling of the majority-spin $s$-like $Δ_1$ states can be expected through MgO-barrier. The calculated tunnelling magnetoresistance (TMR) ratios are in the order of 1000\%. A very high Curie temperatures specifically for CoCrMnAl and CoCrMnGa, which are comparable to $bcc$ Co, could also yield a weaker temperature dependece of TMR ratios for CoCrMnAl/MgO/CoCrMnAl (001) and CoCrMnGa/MgO/CoCrMnGa (001) MTJ.
description: 24 pages, 13 figures
Common and distinct neural features of social and non-social reward processing in autism and social anxiety disorder
Creators: name: Richey, John A.
name: Bodfish, James W.
name: Damiano, Cara R.
name: Sabatino, Antoinette
name: Miller, Stephanie
name: Hanna, Eleanor
name: Hughes, Lauren
name: Dichter, Gabriel S.
name: Rittenberg, Alison
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and social anxiety disorder (SAD) are both characterized by social dysfunction, but no study to date has compared neural responses to social rewards in ASDs and SAD. Neural responses during social and non-social reward anticipation and outcomes were examined in individuals with ASD (n = 16), SAD (n = 15) and a control group (n = 19) via functional magnetic resonance imaging. Analyses modeling all three groups revealed increased nucleus accumbens (NAc) activation in SAD relative to ASD during monetary reward anticipation, whereas both the SAD and ASD group demonstrated decreased bilateral NAc activation relative to the control group during social reward anticipation. During reward outcomes, the SAD group did not differ significantly from the other two groups in ventromedial prefrontal cortex activation to either reward type. Analyses comparing only the ASD and SAD groups revealed greater bilateral amygdala activation to social rewards in SAD relative to ASD during both anticipation and outcome phases, and the magnitude of left amygdala hyperactivation in the SAD group during social reward anticipation was significantly correlated with the severity of trait anxiety symptoms. Results suggest reward network dysfunction to both monetary and social rewards in SAD and ASD during reward anticipation and outcomes, but that NAc hypoactivation during monetary reward anticipation differentiates ASD from SAD.
NOTIONES Whitepaper - The EU Framework on Artificial Intelligence
Creators: name: Frascà, Domenico
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Artificial Intelligence
trustworthy AI
Security
Intelligence
Law Enforcement
EU policing

description: In the context of the global race for artificial intelligence, the European Union aims to strengthen its competitive position with respect to its main competitors – the United States and China – by anticipating them in the definition of a comprehensive regulatory framework on trustworthy AI that could become a global standard. Indeed, acting as a tech regulator, the European Commission believes that the Artificial Intelligence Act will become an international point of reference for similar legislation, thanks to its balanced approach between fundamental rights protection and public security. Structured around a risk-based approach, the proposed regulation introduces obligations in proportion to the potential harmful impact of AI applications on humans, where riskier AI systems deserve tighter obligations. AI systems are efficient tools at the disposal of security practitioners and citizens but it is necessary to safeguard accountability and avoid misuse that can endanger national security and the respect for human rights. In this direction, the AP4AI Project has been established by Europol in February 2022. The EC proposal for the Artificial Intelligence Act of April 2021 does not address the issue of human training on AI. The proposal simply states that it needs to be adequate for the task, without establishing minimum technical requirements or setting up specific training structures [18]. Therefore, this fundamental aspect will not be regulated in the European framework – meaning, the training of personnel responsible for supervising AI systems may be informally delegated to the structures and initiatives of the Member States. The NATO approach was described to explore possible parallelisms between defence and civil security with regard to Artificial Intelligence preparedness of human operators. However, related documents are focused on the emergence of new technologies rather than on how military and civilian personnel use them. The civil security community of NOTIONES expresses concerns about this rather significant gap, especially since the future EU framework on Artificial Intelligence aims to become an international standard and advises the need to promote new tools, strategies and practices to improve the knowledge, expertise and capability of personnel in the supervision of AI systems used for Security, Intelligence and Law Enforcement. From a long-term perspective, it is crucial that the EU – in the search for strategic autonomy – continues to allocate public resources for the development of a leading “AI made in Europe” and favours the creation of a European environment that stimulates private investment.
Shock formation in the collapse of a vapor nano-bubble
Creators: name: Magaletti, Francesco
name: Marino, Luca
name: Casciola, Carlo Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper a diffuse-interface model featuring phase change, transition to supercritical conditions, thermal conduction, compressibility effects and shock wave propagation is exploited to deal with the dynamics of a cavitation bubble. At variance with previous descriptions, the model is uniformly valid for all phases (liquid, vapor and supercritical) and phase transitions involved, allowing to describe the non-equilibrium processes ongoing during the collapse. As consequence of this unitary description, rather unexpectedly for pure vapor bubbles, the numerical experiments show that the collapse is accompanied by the emission of a strong shock wave in the liquid and by the oscillation of the bubble that periodically disappears and reappears, due to transition to super/sub critical conditions. The mechanism of shock wave formation is strongly related to the transition of the vapor to supercritical state, with a progressive steepening of the compression wave to form the shock which is eventually reflected as an outward propagating wave in the liquid.
Data konkordansi dan kode pemrograman untuk "Kajian konkordansi korpus terhadap perilaku konstruksional makna literal dan metaforis pasangan verba sinonim pandang dan tatap"
Creators: name: Rajeg, Gede Primahadi Wijaya
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 200499 Linguistics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: Linguistics
subject: 200408 Linguistic Structures (incl. Grammar, Phonology, Lexicon, Semantics)

description: Repositori ini berisi berkas berikut: Sampel konkordansi pandang dan tatap dalam bentuk aktif meN- dan di- kode pemrograman R untuk analisis statistik dan visualisasi, dan Grafik batang dalam makalah (Gambar 1 [fig1.png] dan Gambar 2 [fig2.png]) Berkas-berkas tersebut merupakan bagian dari bab buku berjudul: "Kajian konkordansi korpus terhadap perilaku konstruksional makna literal dan metaforis pasangan verba sinonim pandang dan tatap", yang akan terbit pada buku persembahan berjudul Putra Bahasa (penyunting: Prof. Dr. I Nengah Sudipa). Makalah ini dilandasi atas material yang disajikan pada Rajeg (2021).
Cyclopiazonic acid in soft-ripened and blue cheeses marketed in the USA
Creators: name: Maragos, Chris M.
name: Probyn, Crystal
name: Proctor, Robert H
name: Sieve, Kristal K
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Strains of Penicillium camemberti and P. roqueforti are used in the production of soft-ripened and blue-veined cheeses. However, some strains can produce toxic secondary metabolites (mycotoxins), including α-cyclopiazonic acid (CPA), a neurotoxin. Data on the levels of CPA in cheeses marketed in the USA are extremely limited. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was adapted for measuring CPA in soft-ripened and blue-veined cheeses. Recoveries from cheese curds were 103 ± 27% (n = 30). A total of 254 samples of soft-ripened, blue and miscellaneous cheeses were examined. CPA was detected in 36/79 (45.6%) of soft-ripened cheeses and in 41/168 (24.4%) of blue-veined cheeses. Median levels in positive samples were 48.5 µg/kg and 30 µg/kg, respectively. The highest levels found were 3,820 µg/kg (in a Brie), 1,250 µg/kg (in a blue) and 7,900 µg/kg (in a Monte Enebro). The implication of such exposures is unknown, as a consensus on acceptable intake remains to be established.
Polychlorinated biphenyls and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans in imported canned fish in Nigeria and risk assessment
Creators: name: Afolabi, Obehi L.
name: Iwegbue, Chukwujindu M. A.
name: Obi, Grace
name: Tesi, Godswill O.
name: Nwajei, Godwin E.
name: Martincigh, Bice S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans (PCDD/Fs) were measured in imported canned fish such as mackerel, sardine and tuna to evaluate the risk relating to human consumption of these products. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was used to evaluate the concentrations of PCBs and PCDD/Fs in the samples. The ∑28 PCB concentrations in the canned mackerel, tuna and sardine ranged from 0.33 to 9.48 ng g −1, −1 and −1, respectively, while the ∑14 PCDD/Fs concentrations varied from 0.06 to 4.70 ng g−1 for mackerel, 0.72 to 9.43 ng g−1 for tuna and not detected to 22.0 ng g −1 for sardines. Health risk analysis suggests that ingestion of these samples could lead to adverse non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks over a lifetime.
Evidence for a role of the oxytocin system, indexed by genetic variation in CD38 , in the social bonding effects of expressed gratitude
Creators: name: Algoe, Sara B.
name: Way, Baldwin M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Oxytocin is thought to play a central role in promoting close social bonds via influence on social interactions. The current investigation targeted interactions involving expressed gratitude between members of romantic relationships because recent evidence suggests gratitude and its expression provides behavioral and psychological ‘glue’ to bind individuals closer together. Specifically, we took a genetic approach to test the hypothesis that social interactions involving expressed gratitude would be associated with variation in a gene, CD38, which has been shown to affect oxytocin secretion. A polymorphism (rs6449182) that affects CD38 expression was significantly associated with global relationship satisfaction, perceived partner responsiveness and positive emotions (particularly love) after lab-based interactions, observed behavioral expression of gratitude toward a romantic partner in the lab, and frequency of expressed gratitude in daily life. A separate polymorphism in CD38 (rs3796863) previously associated with plasma oxytocin levels and social engagement was also associated with perceived responsiveness in the benefactor after an expression of gratitude. The combined influence of the two polymorphisms was associated with a broad range of gratitude-related behaviors and feelings. The consistent pattern of findings suggests that the oxytocin system is associated with solidifying the glue that binds adults into meaningful and important relationships.
A Comprehensive Study of Groundbreaking Machine Learning Research: Analyzing highly cited and impactful publications across six decades
Creators: name: Ezugwu, Absalom E.
name: Greeff, Japie
name: Ho, Yuh-Shan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine learning (ML) has emerged as a prominent field of research in computer science and other related fields, thereby driving advancements in other domains of interest. As the field continues to evolve, it is crucial to understand the landscape of highly cited publications to identify key trends, influential authors, and significant contributions made thus far. In this paper, we present a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of highly cited ML publications. We collected a dataset consisting of the top-cited papers from reputable ML conferences and journals, covering a period of several years from 1959 to 2022. We employed various bibliometric techniques to analyze the data, including citation analysis, co-authorship analysis, keyword analysis, and publication trends. Our findings reveal the most influential papers, highly cited authors, and collaborative networks within the machine learning community. We identify popular research themes and uncover emerging topics that have recently gained significant attention. Furthermore, we examine the geographical distribution of highly cited publications, highlighting the dominance of certain countries in ML research. By shedding light on the landscape of highly cited ML publications, our study provides valuable insights for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners seeking to understand the key developments and trends in this rapidly evolving field.
description: Journal of Engineering Research (2023)
Les risques conchylicoles en Baie de Quiberon. Deuxième partie : le risque de prédation sur l’huître creuse Crassostrea gigas. Rapport final du projet Risco 2010-2013
Creators: name: Mazurie, Joseph
name: Stanisiere, Jean-Yves
name: Bouget, Jean-Francois
name: Langlade, Aime
name: Leclerc, Emilie
name: Quinsat, Kevin
name: Herve, Gilles
name: Augustin, Jean-Marie
name: Ehrhold, Axel
name: Sinquin, Jean-Marc
name: Meidi-Deviarni, Ika
name: Goubert, Evelyne
name: Cochet, Helene
name: Dreano, Alain
Publisher: name: Ifremer
Year: 2013
Subjects: Baie de Quiberon
huître
Crassostrea gigas
risque
mortalité
prédation
étoiles de mer
bigorneaux perceurs
Risco
Bay of Quiberon
oyster
risk
mortality
predation
starfish
oyster drills

description: This study (“Risco”), implicating both industry, socio-economic experts and biologists, was funded by the Regional Council of Brittany, for 3 years (2010-2012), to investigate about the causes of oysters (Crassostrea gigas) mortalities in the bay of Quiberon (South Brittany, France). The protocol including both a sonar and video visualization of the bottom, and a monthly survey of 15 experimental oyster structures, allowed to assess the risk due to predation. A clear spatial distribution of the predatory effect was evidenced, with starfish (Asterias rubens and Marthasterias glacialis) predominating in the North-East sector, and boring snails (Ocenebra erinacea and Pterophora inornata) in the South-Center area.. The main mortalities from these predators (3/4 from starfish and ¼ from oyster drills) occur in spring and summer. Mortalities by sea breams (Sparus aurata) were observed punctually. Management measures against predators appear essential to control this risk. However, another environmental factor, namely hypoxia, might be the main cause of oyster mortalities in 2006.
description: L’étude « Risco » s’attache aux causes possibles de mortalités massives d’huîtres creuses, de toutes classes d’âge, enregistrées par les concessionnaires de baie de Quiberon (France, 56), à partir de 2006. Le protocole engagé en 2010, avec son volet expérimental fondé sur le suivi mensuel de 15 lots d’huîtres et son volet d’imagerie in situ par sonar et vidéo, permet d’éclairer en particulier le risque lié aux prédateurs. Une spatialisation très marquée de ce risque est mise en évidence, avec une zone à l’ouest relativement épargnée, une zone à l’est très affectée par les étoiles de mer (A. rubens, M. glacialis) et une zone intermédiaire à forte prédation de bigorneaux perceurs (O. erinacea, P. inornata). Entre ces deux groupes, la prédation est réalisée pour les ¾ par les étoiles de mer et pour ¼ par les bigorneaux. Les pertes maximales ont lieu au printemps (recrudescence d’étoiles de mer) et en été (efficacité maximale de prédation). La prédation par dorades, devenue très préoccupante ces dernières années, n’a pas pu être estimée. L’analyse met aussi en évidence l’importance des mesures d’entretien des parcs pour limiter l’incidence des prédateurs. Pour autant, la prédation n’est sans doute pas le facteur principal des mortalités de 2006, une piste environnementale basée sur le risque d’hypoxie étant explorée par ailleurs.
Hyperfine field assessment of the magnetic structure of ZrZn2
Creators: name: Tsvyashchenko, A. V.
name: Salamatin, D. A.
name: Velichkov, A.
name: Salamatin, A. V.
name: Fomicheva, L. N.
name: Sidorov, V. A.
name: Nikolaev, A. V.
name: Fedorov, A. V.
name: Ryasny, G. K.
name: Trofimov, V. N.
name: Spasskiy, A. V.
name: Budzynski, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time differential perturbed angular gamma-gamma-correlation (TDPAC) method on 111Cd nuclei probes inserted in ZrZn1.9 is used to measure the magnetic hyperfine fields (MHF) at Zr and Zn sites and the electric field gradient (EFG) Vzz at Zn sites as a function of temperature at various pressures and as a function of pressure at the temperature 4 K. Our data indicate that the local magnetic moment of Zr in the magnetically ordered state is substantially larger than its value obtained from the macroscopic measurements and that there is also an induced magnetic moment at the Zn site. We conclude that ZrZn2 is not a simple ferromagnet and discuss a possible type of its magnetic ordering.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, submitted for publication
Dipsticks with Reflectometric Readout of an NIR Dye for Determination of Biogenic Amines
Creators: name: Duerkop, Axel
name: Mobarez, Sarah N.
name: Wongkaew, Nongnoot
name: Simsek, Marcel
name: Baeumner, Antje J.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: OPTICAL-DETECTION; FOOD; FLUORESCENCE; LAYER; PROBE; MEAT; dipstick; biogenic amine; electrospun nanofibers; NIR dye; food analysis; reflectometry
subject: 540 Chemie

description: Electrospun nanofibers (ENFs) are remarkable analytical tools for quantitative analysis since they are inexpensive, easily produced in uniform homogenous mats, and provide a high surface area-to-volume ratio. Taking advantage of these characteristics, a near-infrared (NIR)-dye was doped as chemosensor into ENFs of about 500 nm in diameter electrospun into 50 mu m thick mats on indium tin oxide (ITO) supports. The mats were made of cellulose acetate (CA) and used as a sensor layer on optical dipsticks for the determination of biogenic amines (BAs) in food. The ENFs contained the chromogenic amine-reactive chameleon dye S0378 which is green and turns blue upon formation of a dye-BA conjugate. This S(N)1-reaction of the S0378 dye with various BAs was monitored by reflectance measurements at 635 nm where the intrinsic absorption of biological material is low. The difference of the reflectance before and after the reaction is proportional to BA levels from 0.04-1 mM. The LODs are in the range from 0.03-0.09 mM, concentrations that can induce food poisoning but are not recognized by the human nose. The calibration plots of histamine, putrescine, spermidine, and tyramine are very similar and suggesting the use of the dipsticks to monitor the total sample BA content. Furthermore, the dipsticks are selective to primary amines (both mono- and diamines) and show low interference towards most nucleophiles. A minute interference of proteins in real samples can be overcome by appropriate sample pretreatment. Hence, the ageing of seafood samples could be monitored via their total BA content which rose up to 21.7 +/- 3.2 mu mol/g over six days of storage. This demonstrates that optically doped NFs represent viable sensor and transducer materials for food analysis with dipsticks.
Intrinsic connectivity in the human brain does not reveal networks for ‘basic’ emotions
Creators: name: Touroutoglou, Alexandra
name: Barrett, Lisa Feldman
name: Lindquist, Kristen A.
name: Dickerson, Bradford C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: We tested two competing models for the brain basis of emotion, the basic emotion theory and the conceptual act theory of emotion, using resting-state functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fcMRI). The basic emotion view hypothesizes that anger, sadness, fear, disgust and happiness each arise from a brain network that is innate, anatomically constrained and homologous in other animals. The conceptual act theory of emotion hypothesizes that an instance of emotion is a brain state constructed from the interaction of domain-general, core systems within the brain such as the salience, default mode and frontoparietal control networks. Using peak coordinates derived from a meta-analysis of task-evoked emotion fMRI studies, we generated a set of whole-brain rs-fcMRI ‘discovery’ maps for each emotion category and examined the spatial overlap in their conjunctions. Instead of discovering a specific network for each emotion category, variance in the discovery maps was accounted for by the known domain-general network. Furthermore, the salience network is observed as part of every emotion category. These results indicate that specific networks for each emotion do not exist within the intrinsic architecture of the human brain and instead support the conceptual act theory of emotion.
Detection of Neutral Phosphorus in the Near Ultraviolet Spectra of Late-Type Stars
Creators: name: Roederer, Ian U.
name: Jacobson, Heather R.
name: Thanathibodee, Thanawuth
name: Frebel, Anna
name: Toller, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the detection of several absorption lines of neutral phosphorus (P, Z=15) in archival near ultraviolet spectra obtained with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph on board the Hubble Space Telescope. We derive phosphorus abundances or interesting upper limits in 14 late-type stars with metallicities spanning -3.8-1.0, the [P/Fe] ratio decreases toward the solar value with increasing metallicity, in agreement with previous observational studies. In stars with [Fe/H]=+0.04+/-0.10, which overlaps with the [P/Fe] ratios found in several high-redshift damped Lyman-alpha systems. This behavior hints at a primary origin in massive stars.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal. 13 pages, 4 figures
Saisie des métadonnées sous ArcGIS 10.1. Selon les normes et standards d'interopérabilité ISO 19115 et ISO 19139, et exportation vers Sextant Version 5 – Version 5 de Sextant – Interface GeoNetwork (Version 2.10).
Creators: name: Boisson, Edith
name: Lamirault-Gall, Marie-Odile
name: Pitel-Roudaut, Mathilde
name: Manceau, Sophie
name: Bermell, Sylvain
Publisher: name: Ifremer
Year: 2014
Subjects: ArcGIS 10.1
ArcCatalog
Sextant
Norme ISO
Directive européenne INSPIRE
Information géographique
Métadonnées

description: Ce document explique la saisie des métadonnées sous ArcGIS 10.1, selon les normes et standards d'interopérabilité ISO 19115 et ISO 19139 et compatibles à la Directive européenne INSPIRE. Il présente également une méthode d'exportation en fichier XML et l'intégration de ce fichier dans le serveur de données géographiques Sextant.
Maternal mindfulness and anxiety during pregnancy affect infants’ neural responses to sounds
Creators: name: Otte, Renée A.
name: Van den Bergh, Bea R. H.
name: Winkler, István
name: Donkers, Franc C. L.
name: van den Heuvel, Marion I.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Maternal anxiety during pregnancy has been consistently shown to negatively affect offspring neurodevelopmental outcomes. However, little is known about the impact of positive maternal traits/states during pregnancy on the offspring. The present study was aimed at investigating the effects of the mother’s mindfulness and anxiety during pregnancy on the infant’s neurocognitive functioning at 9 months of age. Mothers reported mindfulness using the Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory and anxiety using the Symptom Checklist (SCL-90) at ±20.7 weeks of gestation. Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were measured from 79 infants in an auditory oddball paradigm designed to measure auditory attention—a key aspect of early neurocognitive functioning. For the ERP responses elicited by standard sounds, higher maternal mindfulness was associated with lower N250 amplitudes (P < 0.01, η2 = 0.097), whereas higher maternal anxiety was associated with higher N250 amplitudes (P < 0.05, η2 = 0.057). Maternal mindfulness was also positively associated with the P150 amplitudes (P < 0.01, η2 = 0.130). These results suggest that infants prenatally exposed to higher levels of maternal mindfulness devote fewer attentional resources to frequently occurring irrelevant sounds. The results show that positive traits and experiences of the mother during pregnancy may also affect the unborn child. Emphasizing the beneficial effects of a positive psychological state during pregnancy may promote healthy behavior in pregnant women.
On hypersymmetry in three dimensioons
Creators: name: Zinoviev, Yu. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we presented a number of explicit examples for the cubic vertices describing an interaction of massless spin-5/2 field with massive boson and fermion including all hypertransformations necessary for the vertices to be gauge invariant. Here we restrict ourselves with the massive bosons with spins s=2,1,0 and massive fermions with spins s=3/2,1/2. Our general analysis predicted that the vertex must exist for any boson and fermion with the spin difference 3/2 or 1/2. And indeed it appeared that the vertex exists for all six possible pairs (2,1,0) X (3/2,1/2). As in the case of massive supermultiplets, our construction is based on the gauge invariant description for the massive fields with spins s >= 1. Moreover, we have explicitly checked that all the vertices are invariant also under the gauge symmetries of these massive fields.
description: 16 pages
Inflationary power asymmetry from primordial domain walls
Creators: name: Jazayeri, Sadra
name: Akrami, Yashar
name: Firouzjahi, Hassan
name: Solomon, Adam R.
name: Wang, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the asymmetric primordial fluctuations in a model of inflation in which translational invariance is broken by a domain wall. We calculate the corrections to the power spectrum of curvature perturbations; they are anisotropic and contain dipole, quadrupole, and higher multipoles with non-trivial scale-dependent amplitudes. Inspired by observations of these multipole asymmetries in terms of two-point correlations and variance in real space, we demonstrate that this model can explain the observed anomalous power asymmetry of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) sky, including its characteristic feature that the dipole dominates over higher multipoles. We test the viability of the model and place approximate constraints on its parameters by using observational values of dipole, quadrupole, and octopole amplitudes of the asymmetry measured by a local-variance estimator. We find that a configuration of the model in which the CMB sphere does not intersect the domain wall during inflation provides a good fit to the data. We further derive analytic expressions for the corrections to the CMB temperature covariance matrix, or angular power spectra, which can be used in future statistical analysis of the model in spherical harmonic space.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures. Version published in JCAP
New series of multi-parametric solutions to GYBE: quantum gates and integrability
Creators: name: Khachatryan, Shahane A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain two series of spectral parameter dependent solutions to the generalized Yang-Baxter equations (GYBE), for definite types of $N_1^2\times N_2^2$ matrices with general dimensions $N_1$ and $N_2$. Appropriate extensions are presented for the inhomogeneous GYBEs. The first series of the solutions includes as particular cases the $X$-shaped trigonometric braiding matrices. For construction of the second series the colored and graded permutation operators are defined, and multi-spectral parameter Yang-Baxterization is performed. For some examples the corresponding integrable models are discussed. The unitary solutions existing in these two series can be considered as generalizations of the multipartite Bell matrices in the quantum information theory.
description: 41 pages, 3 figures; edited
On the possible turbulence mechanism in accretion disks in non-magnetic binary stars
Creators: name: Kurbatov, E. P.
name: Bisikalo, D. V.
name: Kaygorodov, P. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The arising of turbulence in gas-dynamic (non-magnetic) accretion disks is a major issue of modern astrophysics. Such accretion disks should be stable against the turbulence generation, in contradiction to observations. Searching for possible instabilities leading to the turbulization of gas-dynamic disks is one of the challenging astrophysical problems. In 2004, we showed that in accretion disks in binary stars the so-called precessional density wave forms and induces additional density and velocity gradients in the disk. Linear analysis of the fluid instability of an accretion disk in a binary system revealed that the presence of the precessional wave in the disk due to tidal interaction with the binary companion gives rise to instability of radial modes with the characteristic growth time of tenths and hundredths of the binary orbital period. The radial velocity gradient in the precessional wave is shown to be responsible for the instability. A perturbation becomes unstable if the velocity variation the perturbation wavelength scale is about or higher than the sound speed. Unstable perturbations arise in the inner part of the disk and, by propagating towards its outer edge, lead to the disk turbulence with parameters corresponding to observations (the Shakura-Sunyaev parameter $α\lesssim 0.01$).
description: Appeared in Phys. Usp
Pesticides, trace elements and pharmaceuticals in tea samples available in Belgian retail shops and the risk associated upon acute and chronic exposure
Creators: name: Szternfeld, Philippe
name: Montalvo, Daniela
name: Broos, Julie
name: Cheyns, Karlien
name: Joly, Laure
name: Vanhee, Celine
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Over the last decade, the consumption of tea and herbal tea has gained more and more popularity across the globe, but the potential presence of chemical contaminants (e.g. pesticides, trace elements, synthetic drugs) may raise health concerns. This study analysed selected teas available in Belgian retail stores and performed a risk assessment for these samples. No chemical adulteration could be detected in dry tea material. More than 38% of the dry leaves samples contained at least one pesticide exceeding the maximal residue level (MRL) set by the EU. However, further risk assessment, based on the values of pesticide residues and the toxic trace elements encountered in the brew, demonstrate that the consumption of these teas will not give rise to health concerns. Nonetheless, attention should be given to the leaching potential of nickel from teas and the presence of arsenic in brews from algae containing teas.