Trichoscypha patens Engl.
Creators: name: Breteler, F. J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2004
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Sapindales
Anacardiaceae
Trichoscypha
Trichoscypha patens

description: 15. Trichoscypha patens (Oliv.) Engl.
Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 1: 425 (1881); Keay in Hutch. & Dalz., Fl. West Trop. Afr. ed. 2, 1: 736 (1958); Van der Veken, Fl. Congo Belge et Ruanda-Urundi 9: 81 (1960); Breteler, Adansonia, sér. 3, 23: 250 (2001). — Sorindeia patens Oliv., Fl. Trop. Afr. 1: 441 (1868).
— Type: Mann 1847, Equatorial Guinea, Corisco Bay, ♀ fl. Sep. 1862 (holo-, K!; iso-, A!, P!).
Trichoscypha victoriae Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 36: 224 (1905).
— Syntypes: Preuss 1206, 1293, Cameroun, Bimbia, ♂ fl. Mar.-May (B, delet.; lecto-, Preuss 1206, P!, designated here).
Trichoscypha paniculata Engl., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 43: 413 (1909), as T. panniculata. — Syntypes: Zenker 2976, 3006, Cameroun, Bipindi, ♂ fl. 1904 (B; lecto-, designated here, Zenker 2976, B!; iso-, BM!, COI!, G!, GOET!, K!, MO!, P!, WAG!, Z!).
Tree up to 22 m tall, trunk to 40 cm in diam., or liana? (see Notes). Leaves up to c. 80 cm long, 3-5(-7)-jugate; leaflets usually alternate, ± coriaceous, ± glabrous, elliptic to obovate or oblong, (5-)10-18(-26) × (2-)3-7(-9) cm, apex caudateacuminate, the acumen 1.5(-2) cm long, midrib raised (at least plane) above; lateral nerves (5-)7- 11(-14) pairs. Inflorescence a panicle to 60 × 30 cm, (sub)terminal, loose, usually pendulous. Flowers (Jan.-Dec.) yellowish. Fruits (Feb.-Dec.) red, ellipsoid, laterally compressed or not, up to 4 × 3 cm, smooth, glabrous. — Figs 2D; 10.
HABITAT AND DISTRIBUTION. — Rain forest from Nigeria to Congo (Kinshasa), not recorded from Congo (Brazzaville) or Cabinda (Angola). Alt. up to 650 m.
SELECTED SPECIMENS. — CAMEROUN: Bates 1848, Bitye, fl. (FHO!, K!, P!); Bos 3279, 13 km Kribi-Ebolowa, juv. fr. Nov. (BR!, WAG!); Breteler 1843, 16 km Bertoua-Deng Deng, fr. Sep. (P!, WAG!, YA); Breteler 2847, Djemiong, fl. Apr. (A!, BR!, K!, P!, WAG!, Z!); J.J. de Wilde 7657, Nkolandom I, fl. Oct. (BR!, K!, MA!, WAG!, YA); Elad & Tchouto 1496, Akok, fr. Dec. (WAG!); Letouzey 3286, between Goyoum and Lindii, ster. Jan. (P!); Letouzey 10262, Zingui, fl. Apr. (BR!, COI!, HBG!, K!, P!, WAG!); Maitland 182, Limbe (Victoria), fl. Jan. (K!); Milbraed 5163, Lomié, fl. May (HBG!); Nemba & Thomas 118, Konye, fr. June (A!, B!, BR!, MO!, P!, WAG!); Tchouto & Elad ELEX 8, Bidou, Elephant Mt., juv. fr. Oct. (WAG!); Thomas 4808, Bai, fl. May, (K!); Thomas & Mambo 8220, Banyu, fl. Apr. (P!); Waterman & Mckey 833, Tissongo Lake, fl. June (K!); Zenker 2976, Bipindi, fl. b. (B!, BM!, BR!, COI!, G!, GOET!, K!, MO!, P!, WAG!, Z!). — CONGO (Kinshasa): Dubois 306, Kinganga Forest, fr. May (BR!, WAG!); Davio 26, Mvuazi, fl. Dec. (G!, K!, WAG!); Wagemans 1937, Gimbi, ster. Mar. (BR!, K!, WAG!). — EQUATORIAL GUINEA: Lisowski M 98, Jandye, fl. b. Aug. (BRLU!); Mann 1847, Corisco Bay, fl. Sep. (A!, K!, P!). — GABON: Breteler & Jongkind 10848, 30 km E of Lastoursville, fl. Nov. (LBV, WAG!); Breteler c.s. 13105, 20- 30 km NNW of Ndjolé, fl. Sep. (WAG!); Breteler et al. 14943, Makandé, fr. Feb. (LBV, WAG!); J.J. de Wilde et al. 11694, Ngounié, fr. Dec. (LBV, WAG!); Floret 1880, Booué, fl. Oct. (MA!, P!); Hladik 1881, Ipassa, fr. Dec. (P!); Klaine 633, near Libreville, fr. Dec. (P!); Klaine 1028, near Libreville, fl. July (P!); Le Testu 7459, Moupeyou, fl. Sep. (BM!, P!, WAG!); Le Testu 8576, Iwatchi, fl. Dec. (BM!, BR!, P!, WAG!); Le Testu 9209, Mbabou, fl. July (BM!, BR!, MA!, P!, WAG!); Le Testu 9327, Mitzic, fl. Oct. (BM!, BR!, P!, WAG!); Le Testu 9398, Oyem, fl. Nov. (BM!, BR!, P!, WAG!); McPherson 15677, S of Ayem, fr. Dec. (LBV!, MO!); Reitsma c.s. 1477, Oveng, fl. Sep. (MO!, WAG!). — NIGERIA: Latilo & Oguntayo FHI 67724, Bendiga-Ayuk, fl. Feb. (K!, WAG!); Onochie FHI 32911, Stubbs Creek F.R., fl. May (K); Talbot 1725, Oban, fl. (BM!, K!). — CULTA (Netherlands): Breteler 3025, Wageningen, seedling (WAG!).
NOTES. — Although most collectors report the habit of Trichoscypha patens as a tree, some do not. Mann noted for the type of this species “climbing plant of 30 ft ”, and also Klaine (Nos 633 and 1028) noted the habit as “liana”. In two other cases (Breteler & Jongkind 10848; Hladik 1881) the collectors noted “liana?” Trichoscypha patens, like many other species thus appears to be very variable in habit, although it is usually a tree.
VAN DER VEKEN (1960) cited under this species A. Léonard 5945 from Kamusuku in Kivu, in eastern Congo (Kinshasa) (BR), a locality that is more than 1200 km away from the known limit of distribution of this species. The specimen, with flower buds only, is reported to have red inflorescences that exhibit the more dense indumentum characteristic of T. arborea. However, the latter species has an even more westerly distribution than of T. patens. More collections from Kivu are thus needed to ascertain to which species this specimen should be assigned.
description: Published as part of Breteler, F. J., 2004, The genus Trichoscypha (Anacardiaceae) in Lower Guinea and Congolia: A synoptic revision, pp. 97-127 in Adansonia (3) (3) 26 (1) on pages 121-122, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4605259