cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Socio-economic contribution of small-scale and large-scale fisheries in British Columbia
Creators: name: Gibson, Darah
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Small-scale fisheries have been the focus of much fisheries research in the last decades, as they were often overlooked in the past. Small-scale fisheries can be a challenge to study due to lack of landings and economic data or vague definitions of what and who are involved in this fishing sector. In this study, 17 features of small-scale fisheries that can apply globally have been collated through intensive literature review. All commercial fisheries and Food, Social and Ceremonial (FSC) fisheries in British Columbia are analysed qualitatively for the presence or absence of these features. Qualitative assessment suggests that FSC fisheries and Aboriginal commercial fisheries exhibit the greatest number of small-scale fishery features. These fisheries represent important cultural and economic opportunities for groups that often live in more isolated communities along the coast. Sablefish fisheries have the fewest small-scale fishery features due to the large capital investment required to purchase a licence and quota to participate, and most vessels operating on offshore fishing grounds. Further quantitative assessment of small-scale and large-scale was carried out using three methods: (1) cumulative percent distribution; (2) vessel length split, and (3) point-based framework. All three of these approaches identify the Aboriginal commercially licensed fisheries, salmon gillnetters, salmon trollers, crab, shrimp and prawn trappers and trawlers, urchin and rockfish hook and line fisheries as small-scale. Therefore, these are regarded as constituting the small-scale fisheries sector in British Columbia. These fisheries caught 25% of the landings by weight, which corresponds to 46% of the landed value, underscoring the high prices their catches command in the market relative to those of LSF for the 2013 fishing season. In terms of ownership, individuals own 68% of the small-scale vessels in BC as opposed to 98% corporate ownership in the large-scale sector. In terms of geographical ownership, parties or individuals outside of Vancouver and its surrounding areas own 64% of the small-scale sector.
Ionic exclusion phase transition in neutral and weakly charged cylindrical nanopores
Creators: name: Buyukdagli, Sahin
name: Manghi, Manoel
name: Palmeri, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A field theoretic variational approach is introduced to study ion penetration into water-filled cylindrical nanopores in equilibrium with a bulk reservoir. It is shown that (i) an ion located in a neutral pore undergoes two opposing mechanisms: the deformation of its surrounding ionic cloud of opposite charge, with respect to the reservoir, which increases the surface tension and tends to exclude ions form the pore, and (ii) the attractive contribution to the ion self-energy of the repulsive image forces associated with the dielectric jump between the solvent and the pore wall, which becomes more and more screened when ions enter the pore. For pore radii around 1 nm and bulk concentrations lower than 0.2 mol/L, this mechanism leads to a first-order phase transition, similar to capillary "evaporation", from an ionic-penetration state to an ionic-exclusion state. The discontinuous phase transition survives within the biological concentration range (~ 0.15 mol/L) for small enough membrane dielectric permittivities (< 5). In the case of a weakly charged pore, counterion penetration exhibits a non-monotonic behaviour and is characterized by two regimes: at low reservoir concentration or small pore radii, coions are excluded and the energy barrier for counterions is reduced but image forces remain strong enough, so that the counterion partition coefficient in the pore decreases with increasing reservoir concentration up to a characteristic value; for larger reservoir concentrations, image forces are screened and the partition coefficient of counterions increases with the reservoir electrolyte concentration.
Phonons in potassium doped graphene: the effects of electron-phonon interactions, dimensionality and ad-atom ordering
Creators: name: Howard, C. A.
name: Dean, M. P. M.
name: Withers, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Graphene phonons are measured as a function of electron doping via the addition of potassium adatoms. In the low doping regime, the in-plane carbon G-peak hardens and narrows with increasing doping, analogous to the trend seen in graphene doped via the field-effect. At high dopings, beyond those accessible by the field-effect, the G-peak strongly softens and broadens. This is interpreted as a dynamic, non-adiabatic renormalization of the phonon self-energy. At dopings between the light and heavily doped regimes, we find a robust inhomogeneous phase where the potassium coverage is segregated into regions of high and low density. The phonon energies, linewidths and tunability are remarkably similar for 1-4 layer graphene, but significantly different to doped bulk graphite.
description: Accepted in Phys. Rev. B as a Rapid Communication. 5 pages, 3 figures, revised text with additional data
Additional file 1 of Targeted thrombolysis by magnetoacoustic particles in photothrombotic stroke model
Creators: name: Choi, Wonseok
name: Cho, Hyeyoun
name: Kim, Gahee
name: Youn, Inchan
name: Key, Jaehong
name: Han, Sungmin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supporting Information.
Scattering approach to backaction in coherent nanoelectromechanical systems
Creators: name: Bennett, Steven D.
name: Maassen, Jesse
name: Clerk, Aashish A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present theoretical results for the backaction force noise and damping of a mechanical oscillator whose position is measured by a mesoscopic conductor. Our scattering approach is applicable to a wide class of systems; in particular, it may be used to describe point contact position detectors far from the weak tunneling limit. We find that the backaction depends not only on the mechanical modulation of transmission probabilities but also on the modulation of scattering phases, even in the absence of a magnetic field. We illustrate our general approach with several simple examples, and use it to calculate the backaction for a movable, Au atomic point contact modeled by ab initio density functional theory.
description: Published version; erratum added
On the Coupling Property of Lévy Processes
Creators: name: Schilling, René L.
name: Wang, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G51, 60G50, 60J25, 60J75

description: We give necessary and sufficient conditions guaranteeing that the coupling for Lévy processes (with non-degenerate jump part) is successful. Our method relies on explicit formulae for the transition semigroup of a compound Poisson process and earlier results by Mineka and Lindvall-Rogers on couplings of random walks. In particular, we obtain that a Lévy process admits a successful coupling, if it is a strong Feller process or if the Lévy (jump) measure has an absolutely continuous component.
description: 14 pages
Urban agriculture policy community Kelowna
Creators: name: Hamilton, Cassandra Lee
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: This research is a qualitative descriptive case study about the urban agriculture policy community in Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada. I use Sabatier’s Advocacy Coalition Framework to structure the research and examine the policy actors within the policy community, their beliefs about urban agriculture in Kelowna, the relationships they share with other policy actors, the challenges they face, and their priorities in advancing the urban agriculture agenda to align with their vision of a healthy community. This research is informed by population health and food security theory, and the World Health Organization Healthy Cities movement. This research was conducted using semi-structured interviews with 11 policy actors in the policy community, representing a variety of sectors in the food system. This study reveals that overall, the policy actors interviewed understood urban agriculture in much the same way. In their own language, they all pointed to the importance of urban agriculture with respect to its contribution to fostering a healthy community. The actors could articulate their roles as they relate to urban agriculture policy, but many actors recognized that their roles were evolving and with that, their understanding of their roles in the policy community. This contributed to their understanding of the roles of other policy actors in the community and if, why, and how to partner with them. Some challenges with partnerships are identified. The participants shared many priorities. The results suggest that the policy community is not well networked and that most actors do not collaborate with each other, and in most cases, are not aware of one another. However, collaborations between a few of the policy actors has suggested the modest formation of a policy coalition. The policy actors have a clear desire to work together and to better understand the policy community. Additionally, the policy actors agree that urban agriculture is beneficial for Kelowna and that more opportunities for urban agriculture must be pursued and promoted to foster a healthier community. This research provides a snapshot of Kelowna’s urban agriculture policy community and provides insight into potential priorities and possible next steps for the policy actors within it.
Extended weight semigroups of affine spherical homogeneous spaces of non-simple semisimple algebraic groups
Creators: name: Avdeev, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14M27, 14M17, 22E46, 43A85

description: The extended weight semigroup of a homogeneous space G/H of a connected semisimple algebraic group G characterizes the spectra of the representations of G on the spaces of regular sections of homogeneous linear bundles over G/H, including the space of regular functions on G/H. We compute the extended weight semigroups for all strictly irreducible affine spherical homogeneous spaces G/H, where G is a simply connected non-simple semisimple complex algebraic group and H a connected closed subgroup of it. In all the cases we also find the highest weight functions corresponding to the indecomposable elements of this semigroup. Among other things, our results complete the computation of the weight semigroups for all strictly irreducible simply connected affine spherical homogeneous spaces of semisimple complex algebraic groups.
description: v2: 23 pages, cosmetic changes
Generalized Geologic Map for Land-Use Planning: Menifee County, Kentucky
Creators: name: Carey, Daniel I.
name: Eclov, Peter
Publisher: name: Kentucky Geological Survey, University of Kentucky
Year: 2007

description: Abstract:
This map is not intended to be used for selecting individual sites. Its purpose is to inform land-use planners, government officials, and the public in a general way about geologic bedrock conditions that affect the selection of sites for various purposes. The properties of thick soils may supercede those of the underlying bedrock and should be considered on a site-to-site basis. At any site, it is important to understand the characteristics of both the soils and the underlying rock.
Noncommutative circle bundles and new Dirac operators
Creators: name: Dabrowski, Ludwik
name: Sitarz, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L87, 58B34

description: We study spectral triples over noncommutative principal U(1) bundles. Basing on the classical situation and the abstract algebraic approach, we propose an operatorial definition for a connection and compatibility between the connection and the Dirac operator on the total space and on the base space of the bundle. We analyze in details the example of the noncommutative three-torus viewed as a U(1) bundle over the noncommutative two-torus and find all connections compatible with an admissible Dirac operator. Conversely, we find a family of new Dirac operators on the noncommutative tori, which arise from the base-space Dirac operator and a suitable connection.
description: 25 pages, LaTeX, substantially rewritten
Compact vortex in a generalized Born-Infeld model
Creators: name: Bazeia, D.
name: da Hora, E.
name: Rubiera-Garcia, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study vortexlike solutions in a generalized Born-Infeld model. The model is driven by two distinct parameters, one which deals with the Born-Infeld term, and the other, which controls the presence of high-order power term in the covariant derivative of the Higgs field. We numerically solve the equations of motion and depict the main vortex features, for several values of the two parameters of the model. The results indicate the presence of compact vortex, when the parameter responsible for the high-order power in the derivative increases to sufficiently large values.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures; version to appear in PRD
Effective Theories for Circuits and Automata
Creators: name: DeDeo, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Abstracting an effective theory from a complicated process is central to the study of complexity. Even when the underlying mechanisms are understood, or at least measurable, the presence of dissipation and irreversibility in biological, computational and social systems makes the problem harder. Here we demonstrate the construction of effective theories in the presence of both irreversibility and noise, in a dynamical model with underlying feedback. We use the Krohn-Rhodes theorem to show how the composition of underlying mechanisms can lead to innovations in the emergent effective theory. We show how dissipation and irreversibility fundamentally limit the lifetimes of these emergent structures, even though, on short timescales, the group properties may be enriched compared to their noiseless counterparts.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures
Solving the A{FB}^b anomaly in natural composite models
Creators: name: Da Rold, Leandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Standard Model with a light Higgs provides a very accurate description of the electroweak precision observables. The largest deviation between the Standard Model predictions and the experimental measurements, the forward-backward asymmetry of the bottom quark A{FB}^b, can be interpreted as an indication of new physics at the TeV scale. The strong agreement between theory and experiment in the branching fraction of the Z into b-quarks puts strong constraints for new physics aiming to solve the A{FB}^b puzzle. We study a class of natural composite Higgs models that can solve the A{FB}^b anomaly reproducing the observed Rb as well as the top and bottom masses. We find that the subgroup of the custodial symmetry able to protect Zb_L anti-b_L from large corrections generated by the top sector play an important role if we want to maintain naturalness in the composite sector. We make a thorough study of the composite operators mixing with the b-quark, determine their embedding under the global composite symmetry and the parameter space that lead to the correct Zb anti-b couplings while keeping the top and bottom masses to their physical values. We study the predictions for the spectrum of light fermionic resonances and the corrections to Zt anti-t couplings in this scenario.
description: 26 pages, 6 figures, version published in JHEP, short discussion on radiative corrections and LHC phenomenology added, references added, results and conclusions unchanged
Additional file 1 of Medium-chain triglycerides may improve memory in non-demented older adults: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Creators: name: Giannos, Panagiotis
name: Prokopidis, Konstantinos
name: Lidoriki, Irene
name: Triantafyllidis, Konstantinos K.
name: Kechagias, Konstantinos S.
name: Celoch, Kamil
name: Candow, Darren G.
name: Ostojic, Sergej M.
name: Forbes, Scott C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Search terms employed in the literature search.
The solution to the BCS gap equation and the second-order phase transition in superconductivity
Creators: name: Watanabe, Shuji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 45G05, 46N50, 47H10, 82B26, 82D55

description: The existence and the uniqueness of the solution to the BCS gap equation of superconductivity is established in previous papers, but the temperature dependence of the solution is not discussed. In this paper, in order to show how the solution varies with the temperature, we first give another proof of the existence and the uniqueness of the solution and point out that the unique solution belongs to a certain set. Here this set depends on the temperature $T$. We define another certain subset of a Banach space consisting of continuous functions of both $T$ and $x$. Here, $x$ stands for the kinetic energy of an electron minus the chemical potential. Let the solution be approximated by an element of the subset of the Banach space above. We second show, under this approximation, that the transition to a superconducting state is a second-order phase transition.
description: Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, in press
Past and future impact of the winter North Atlantic Oscillation in the Caspian Sea catchment area
Creators: name: Nandini-Weiss, Sri D.
name: Prange, Matthias
name: Arpe, Klaus
name: Merkel, Ute
name: Schulz, Michael
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2019

description: The Caspian Sea level (CSL) has undergone variations of more than 3 m during the past century with important implications for the life of coastal people, economy and the ecosystem. The origin of these variations as well as future changes in the Caspian water budget are still a matter of debate. Here, the major modes of North Atlantic winter climate variability and atmospheric teleconnections that have a potential effect on the hydroclimate of the Caspian catchment region are examined. The skill of the Community Earth System Model (CESM1.2.2) regarding the simulation of the modern climatology in the Caspian region and the major North Atlantic modes are analysed using different atmospheric grid resolutions and setups of the atmospheric component, the Community Atmosphere Model (CAM4 and CAM5). CESM1.2.2 with CAM5 atmosphere physics and 1° atmospheric grid resolution shows reasonable skill in simulating the regional Caspian basin climatology and the winter North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Using this model version, a weakly positive (r = .2) statistically significant (p
Towards Large Volume Big Divisor D3-D7 "mu-Split Supersymmetry" and Ricci-Flat Swiss-Cheese Metrics, and Dimension-Six Neutrino Mass Operators
Creators: name: Dhuria, Mansi
name: Misra, Aalok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that it is possible to realize a "mu-split SUSY" scenario [1] in the context of large volume limit of type IIB compactifications on Swiss-Cheese Calabi-Yau's in the presence of a mobile space-time filling D3-brane and a (stack of) D7-brane(s) wrapping the "big" divisor Sigma_B. For this, we investigate the possibility of getting one Higgs to be light while other to be heavy in addition to a heavy Higgsino mass parameter. Further, we examine the existence of long lived gluino that manifests one of the major consequences of mu-split SUSY scenario, by computing its decay width as well as lifetime corresponding to the 3-body decays of the gluino into a quark, a squark and a neutralino or Goldstino, as well as 2-body decays of the gluino into either a neutralino or a Goldstino and a gluon. Guided by the geometric Kaehler potential for Sigma_B obtained in [2] based on GLSM techniques, and the Donaldson's algorithm [3] for obtaining numerically a Ricci-flat metric, we give details of our calculation in [4] pertaining to our proposed metric for the full Swiss-Cheese Calabi-Yau, but for simplicity of calculation, close to Sigma_B, which is Ricci-flat in the large volume limit. Also, as an application of the one-loop RG flow solution for the Higgsino mass parameter, we show that the contribution to the neutrino masses at the EW scale from dimension-six operators arising from the Kaehler potential, is suppressed relative to the Weinberg-type dimension-five operators.
description: v3: an error in the Higgsino content of the neutralino and the consequent estimates of tree-level 3-body and 1-loop 2-body gluino decay (involving the neutralino) widths and lifetimes, corrected; conclusions, qualitatively, unchanged. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1105.0365 by other author
Perturbed invariant under a cyclic permutation with trace of neutrino mass matrix remain constant
Creators: name: Damanik, Asan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a neutrino mass matrix $M_ν$ via a seesaw mechanism whith perturbed invariant under a cyclic permutation by introducing one parameter $δ$ into the diagonal elements of $M_ν$ with assumption that trace of the perturbed $M_ν$ is equal to trace of the unperturbed $M_ν$. We found that the perturbed neutrino mass matrices $M_ν$ can predicts the mass-squared difference $Δm_{ij}^{2}\neq 0$ with the possible hierarchy of neutrino mass is normal or inverted hierarchy. By using the advantages of the mass-squared differences and mixing parameters data from neutrino oscillaton experiments, we obtained neutrino masses in inverted hierarchy with masses: $|m_{1}|=0.101023$ eV, $|m_{2}|=0.101428$ eV, and $|m_{3}|=0.084413$ eV.
description: 7 pages, version MPLA
Hydroclimate in the Pamirs Was Driven by Changes in Precipitation-Evaporation Seasonality Since the Last Glacial Period
Creators: name: Aichner, Bernhard
name: Makhmudov, Zafar
name: Rajabov, Ilhomjon
name: Zhang, Qiong
name: Pausata, Francesco S. R.
name: Werner, Martin
name: Heinecke, Liv
name: Kuessner, Marie L.
name: Feakins, Sarah J.
name: Sachse, Dirk
name: Mischke, Steffen
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2019

description: The Central Asian Pamir Mountains (Pamirs) are a high-altitude region sensitive to climatic change, with only few paleoclimatic records available. To examine the glacial-interglacial hydrological changes in the region, we analyzed the geochemical parameters of a 31-kyr record from Lake Karakul and performed a set of experiments with climate models to interpret the results. δD values of terrestrial biomarkers showed insolation-driven trends reflecting major shifts of water vapor sources. For aquatic biomarkers, positive δD shifts driven by changes in precipitation seasonality were observed at ca. 31–30, 28–26, and 17–14 kyr BP. Multiproxy paleoecological data and modelling results suggest that increased water availability, induced by decreased summer evaporation, triggered higher lake levels during those episodes, possibly synchronous to northern hemispheric rapid climate events. We conclude that seasonal changes in precipitation-evaporation balance significantly influenced the hydrological state of a large waterbody such as Lake Karakul, while annual precipitation amount and inflows remained fairly constant.
Consistency test of neutrinoless double beta decay with one isotope
Creators: name: Duerr, Michael
name: Lindner, Manfred
name: Zuber, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a consistency test which makes it possible to discriminate unknown nuclear background lines from neutrinoless double beta decay with only one isotope. By considering both the transition to the ground state and to the first excited $0^+$ state, a sufficiently large detector can reveal if neutrinoless double beta decay or some other nuclear physics process is at work. Such a detector could therefore simultaneously provide a consistency test for a certain range of Majorana masses and be sensitive to lower values of the effective Majorana mass.
description: 1+12 pages, 4 figures; v2: discussion enhanced, figures improved, matches journal version
Quantum transport in one-dimensional systems via a master equation approach: Numerics and an exact solution
Creators: name: Znidaric, Marko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss recent findings about properties of quantum nonequilibrium steady states. In particular we focus on transport properties. It is shown that the time dependent density matrix renormalization method can be used successfully to find a stationary solution of Lindblad master equation. Furthermore, for a specific model an exact solution is presented.
description: PNLD 2010 conference proceedings; 10 pages
Additional file 2 of Medium-chain triglycerides may improve memory in non-demented older adults: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Creators: name: Giannos, Panagiotis
name: Prokopidis, Konstantinos
name: Lidoriki, Irene
name: Triantafyllidis, Konstantinos K.
name: Kechagias, Konstantinos S.
name: Celoch, Kamil
name: Candow, Darren G.
name: Ostojic, Sergej M.
name: Forbes, Scott C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes and Study (PICOS) criteria for the inclusion of studies in the systematic review.
hum ex coex col
Creators: name: Sonne, Jesper
name: Maruyama, Pietro Kiyoshi
name: González, Ana M. Martín
name: Rahbek, Carsten
name: Bascompte, Jordi
name: Dalsgaard., Bo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 60202 Community Ecology (excl. Invasive Species Ecology)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60302 Biogeography and Phylogeography

description: Supplementary data and R code for the paper: "Extinction, coextinction, and colonization affecting plant-hummingbird networks under climate change"
Late Holocene to Recent aragonite-cemented transgressive lag deposits in the Abu Dhabi lagoon and intertidal sabkha
Creators: name: Ge, Yuzhu
name: Pederson, Chelsea L.
name: Lokier, Stephen W.
name: Traas, Jan P.
name: Nehrke, Gernot
name: Neuser, Rolf D.
name: Goetschl, Katja E.
name: Immenhauser, Adrian
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2020

description: Modern cemented intervals (beachrock, firmgrounds to hardgrounds and concretionary layers) form in the lagoon and intertidal sabkha of Abu Dhabi. Seafloor lithification actively occurs in open, current-swept channels in low-lying areas between ooid shoals, in the intertidal zone of the middle lagoon, some centimetres beneath the inner lagoonal seafloor (i.e. within the sediment column) and at the sediment surface the intertidal sabkha. The concept of ‘concretionary sub-hardgrounds’, i.e. laminar cementation of sediments formed within the sediment column beneath the shallow redox boundary, is introduced and discussed. Based on calibrated radiocarbon ages, seafloor lithification commenced during the Middle to Late Holocene (ca 9000 cal yr bp), and proceeds to the present-day. Lithification occurs in the context of the actualistic relative sea-level rise shifting the coastline landward across the extremely low-angle carbonate ramp. The cemented intervals are interpreted as parasequence boundaries in the sense of ‘marine flooding surfaces’, but in most cases the sedimentary cover overlying the transgressive surface has not yet been deposited. Aragonite, (micritic) calcite and, less commonly, gypsum cements lithify the firmground/hardground intervals. Cements are described and placed into context with their depositional and marine diagenetic environments and characterized by means of scanning electron microscope petrography, cathodoluminescence microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The morphology of aragonitic cements changes from needle-shaped forms in lithified decapod burrows of the outer lagoon ooidal shoals to complex columnar, lath and platy crystals in the inner lagoon. Precipitation experiments provide first tentative evidence for the parameters that induce changes in aragonite cement morphology. Data shown here shed light on ancient, formerly aragonite-cemented seafloors, now altered to diagenetic calcites, but also document the complexity of highly dynamic near coastal depositional environments.
Thermo-mechanical simulation of Si processing for photovoltaic applications
Creators: name: Sinha, Ambrish Chandra
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Wafers for solar cell applications are increasingly being produced via wire sawing of directional solidified multi-crystalline silicon (mc-Si) ingots. During these two processes, defects such as dislocations arise in the material which reduce the final electrical efficiency of the solar cells. Furthermore, processing conditions during these processes can also influence the surface unevenness and warpage in the final wafers. Previously, several researchers have developed finite element models of mc-Si directional solidification process to understand the growth of residual stress and dislocation in the ingots under different cooling conditions, boundary conditions and geometry. Researchers have also developed analytical and finite element models to understand the temperature variation and the material removal behaviour during wire sawing process. However, there has not been much work done in understanding the influence of pre-existing residual stress in the work piece (directionally cooled mc-Si ingots) on the wafer quality during wire sawing.To investigate this, in this work, thermal-stress finite element models were developed for directional solidification and wire sawing process, with later taking the results from former as the stress/strain and dislocation initial conditions. Dislocation creep behaviour of Si was used as the material constitutive behaviour in both the models. The input parameters for the casting model were 3 different cooling rates. The wire sawing simulation was done in the top, middle and bottom section of these ingots. The warpage was, therefore, studied in 9 wafers. These models also simulated the spacial/temporal variation of in-elastic deformation and dislocation density in the ingot and the wafers. The predicted results from the casting model were in good agreement with the past models. The predicted warpage from the wire sawing simulation, however, was less compared to the warpage observed in the industry. This variation in the results may be due to the several assumptions and simplifications taken in the model in-terms of the constitutive behaviour, material properties and boundary conditions.
Linking Ocean Forcing and Atmospheric Interactions to Atlantic Multidecadal Variability in MPI-ESM1.2
Creators: name: Oelsmann, J.
name: Borchert, L.
name: Hand, R.
name: Baehr, J.
name: Jungclaus, J. H.
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2020

description: We investigate how ocean-driven multidecadal sea surface temperature (SST) variations force the atmosphere to jointly set the pace of Atlantic multidecadal variability (AMV). We generate periodic low-frequency Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation oscillations by implementing time-dependent deep-ocean-density restoring in MPI-ESM1.2 to explicitly identify variations driven by Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation without any perturbation at the ocean-atmosphere interface. We show in a coupled experiment that ocean heat convergence variations generate positive SST anomalies, turbulent heat release, and low sea level pressure in the subpolar North Atlantic (NA) and vice versa. The SST signal is communicated to the tropical NA by wind-evaporative-SST feedbacks and to the North-East Atlantic by enhanced northward atmospheric heat transport. Such atmospheric feedbacks and the characteristic AMV-SST pattern are synchronized to the multidecadal time scale of ocean circulation changes by air-sea heat exchange. This coupled ocean-atmosphere mechanism is consistent with observed features of AMV and thus supports a key role of ocean dynamics in driving the AMV.
Orientation-to-alignment conversion and spin squeezing
Creators: name: Rochester, S. M.
name: Ledbetter, M. P.
name: Zigdon, T.
name: Wilson-Gordon, A. D.
name: Budker, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relationship between orientation-to-alignment conversion (a form of atomic polarization evolution induced by an electric field) and the phenomenon of spin squeezing is demonstrated. A "stretched" state of an atom or molecule with maximum angular-momentum projection along the quantization axis possesses orientation and is a quantum-mechanical minimum-uncertainty state, where the product of the equal uncertainties of the angular-momentum projections on two orthogonal directions transverse to the quantization axis is the minimum allowed by the uncertainty relation. Application of an electric field for a short time induces orientation-to-alignment conversion and produces a spin-squeezed state, in which the quantum state essentially remains a minimum-uncertainty state, but the uncertainties of the angular-momentum projections on the orthogonal directions are unequal. This property can be visualized using the angular-momentum probability surfaces, where the radius of the surface is given by the probability of measuring the maximum angular-momentum projection in that direction. Brief remarks are also given concerning collective-spin squeezing and quantum nondemolition measurements.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Colloquium: Nonlinear collective interactions in quantum plasmas with degenerate electron fluids
Creators: name: Shukla, P. K.
name: Eliasson, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The current understanding of some important nonlinear collective processes in quantum plasmas with degenerate electrons is presented. After reviewing the basic properties of quantum plasmas, we present model equations (e.g. the quantum hydrodynamic and effective nonlinear Schrödinger-Poisson equations) that describe collective nonlinear phenomena at nanoscales. The effects of the electron degeneracy arise due to Heisenberg's uncertainty principle and Pauli's exclusion principle for overlapping electron wavefunctions that result in tunneling of electrons and the electron degeneracy pressure. Since electrons are Fermions (spin-1/2), there also appears an electron spin current and a spin force acting on electrons due to the Bohr magnetization. The quantum effects produce new aspects of electrostatic (ES) and electromagnetic (EM) waves in a quantum plasma that are summarized in here. Furthermore, we discuss nonlinear features of ES ion waves and electron plasma oscillations (ESOs), as well as the trapping of intense EM waves in quantum electron density cavities. Specifically, simulation studies of the coupled nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) and Poisson equations reveal the formation and dynamics of localized ES structures at nanoscales in a quantum plasma. We also discuss the effect of an external magnetic field on the plasma wave spectra and develop quantum magnetohydrodynamic (Q-MHD) equations. The results are useful for understanding numerous collective phenomena in quantum plasmas, such as those in compact astrophysical objects, in plasma-assisted nanotechnology, and in the next-generation of intense laser-solid density plasma interaction experiments.
description: 25 pages, 14 figures. To be published in Reviews of Modern Physics
General relativistic spin-orbit and spin-spin effects on the motion of rotating particles in an external gravitational field
Creators: name: Iorio, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analytically compute the orbital effects induced on the motion of a spinning particle geodesically traveling around a central rotating body by the general relativistic two-body spin-spin and spin-orbit interactions. We use the weak-field and slow-motion leading-order approximation. Neither assumptions on the eccentricity nor the inclination of the orbit of the particle have been assumed. No specific orientations of the spins involved have been chosen. (Abridged)
description: LaTex2e, 24 pages, no figures, no tables. Minor changes. Version matching the one at press in General Relativity and Gravitation (GRG)
Cultural Resources Survey of Approximately 93 Acres for the Proposed Coolidge Expansion Certificate of Environmental Compatibility Project, Pinal County, Arizona
Creators: name: Petersen, Eric
Publisher: name: SWCA Environmental Consultants (SWCA)
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Randolph
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/42662/randolph
subject: Coolidge
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/54264/coolidge
subject: Pinal (County)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/3961/pinal-county
subject: Historic Native American
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/30/historic-native-american
subject: Spanish
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/31/spanish
subject: Hohokam
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/21/hohokam
subject: Historic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/25/historic
subject: African American
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/26/african-american
subject: O'odham
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/8010/oodham
subject: Euroamerican
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/28/euroamerican
subject: Coolidge Generating Station
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/169084/coolidge-generating-station

description: SRP is proposing the Coolidge Expansion Project, which entails the expansion of and upgrades to the Coolidge Generating Station on SRP-owned land in Coolidge, Pinal County, Arizona. The project would require a Certificate of Environmental Compatibility (CEC) from the ACC. SRP contracted SWCA to support the CEC application process, including conducting a cultural resources survey.
Bayesian versus frequentist upper limits
Creators: name: Röver, Christian
name: Messenger, Chris
name: Prix, Reinhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While gravitational waves have not yet been measured directly, data analysis from detection experiments commonly includes an upper limit statement. Such upper limits may be derived via a frequentist or Bayesian approach; the theoretical implications are very different, and on the technical side, one notable difference is that one case requires maximization of the likelihood function over parameter space, while the other requires integration. Using a simple example (detection of a sinusoidal signal in white Gaussian noise), we investigate the differences in performance and interpretation, and the effect of the "trials factor", or "look-elsewhere effect".
description: http://cdsweb.cern.ch/record/1306523/files/CERN-2011-006.pdf, http://indico.cern.ch/materialDisplay.py?contribId=52&materialId=paper&confId=107747
Additional file 1 of Probabilistic tsunami hazard assessment based on the Gutenberg–Richter law in eastern Shikoku, Nankai subduction zone, Japan
Creators: name: Baba, Toshitaka
name: Kamiya, Masato
name: Tanaka, Naoki
name: Sumida, Yusuke
name: Yamanaka, Ryoichi
name: Watanabe, Kojiro
name: Fujiwara, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Examples of the earthquake source scenarios. Figure S2. Probabilistic tsunami hazard assessment procedure. Figure S3. Tree structure for earthquake occurrence probability. Figure S4. Probability maps for tsunami inundation depths.
Spin polarised scanning tunneling probe for helical Luttinger liquids
Creators: name: Das, Sourin
name: Rao, Sumathi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a three terminal spin polarized stm setup for probing the helical nature of the Luttinger liquid edge state that appears in the quantum spin Hall system. We show that the three-terminal tunneling conductance strongly depends on the angle ($θ$) between the magnetization direction of the tip and the local orientation of the electron spin on the edge while the two terminal conductance is independent of this angle. We demonstrate that chiral injection of an electron into the helical Luttinger liquid (which occurs when $θ$ is zero or $π$) is associated with fractionalization of the spin of the injected electron in addition to the fractionalization of its charge. We also point out a spin current amplification effect induced by the spin fractionalization.
description: Final version to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
Effets de la pandémie de Covid 19 sur les Directions des Ressources Humaines du secteur public au Mali
Creators: name: Seydou K. DAO
name: Ousmane NIAMALY
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Cet article porte sur les effets de la pandémie de COVID-19 sur les directions des ressources humaines du secteur public au Mali. Les directions des ressources humaines sont des structures transversales qui gèrent les courriers de plusieurs services relevant des ministères. Étant en contact permanant avec les usagers et les autres services, elles restent vulnérables aux crises à plus forte raison une crise aussi longue comme la pandémie de COVID-19.

Les données analysées ont été collectées auprès de dix directions des ressources humaines (DRH) du secteur public.

Les principaux résultats montrent que face à cette pandémie, les DRH n’avaient ni de stratégie, ni de plan d’urgence de gestion de la crise de COVID-19. Elles se sont mises à mettre en œuvre les instructions données par le gouvernement. Nous avons également constaté que cette crise a modifié le fonctionnement quotidien des DRH par l’instauration du système de rotation.

Sur la base des données analysées, cette crise a montré le faible leadership des DRH sur leur capacité à prendre des initiatives pour anticiper les crises.
Shapes of macromolecules in good solvents: field theoretical renormalization group approach
Creators: name: Blavatska, V.
name: von Ferber, C.
name: Holovatch, Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we show how the method of field theoretical renormalization group may be used to analyze universal shape properties of long polymer chains in porous environment. So far such analytical calculations were primarily focussed on the scaling exponents that govern conformational properties of polymer macromolecules. However, there are other observables that along with the scaling exponents are universal (i.e. independent of the chemical structure of macromolecules and of the solvent) and may be analyzed within the renormalization group approach. Here, we address the question of shape which is acquired by the long flexible polymer macromolecule when it is immersed in a solvent in the presence of a porous environment. This question is of relevance for understanding of the behavior of macromolecules in colloidal solutions, near microporous membranes, and in cellular environment. To this end, we consider a previously suggested model of polymers in d-dimensions [V. Blavats'ka, C. von Ferber, Yu. Holovatch, Phys. Rev. E, 2001, 64, 041102] in an environment with structural obstacles, characterized by a pair correlation function h(r), that decays with distance r according to a power law: h(r) \sim r-a. We apply the field-theoretical renormalization group approach and estimate the size ratio / and the asphericity ratio \hat{A}_d up to the first order of a double ε=4-d, δ=4-a expansion.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures
Controllable anisotropic exchange coupling between spin qubits in quantum dots
Creators: name: Shim, Yun-Pil
name: Oh, Sangchul
name: Hu, Xuedong
name: Friesen, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exchange coupling between quantum dot spin qubits is isotropic, which restricts the types of quantum gates that can be formed. Here, we propose a method for controlling anisotropic interactions between spins arranged in a bus geometry. The symmetry is broken by an external magnetic field, resulting in XXZ-type interactions that can efficiently generate Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states or universal gate sets for exchange-only quantum computing. Analysis of the bus ground state provides a link between quantum critical phenomena and the communication capacity.
description: 4 pages with 3 figures