cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Strange metals and black holes: insights from the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model
Creators: name: Sachdev, Subir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Complex many-particle quantum entanglement is a central theme in two distinct major topics in physics: the strange metal state found in numerous correlated electron compounds, and the quantum theory of black holes in Einstein gravity. The Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model provides a solvable theory of entangled many-particle quantum states without quasiparticle excitations. This article reviews how this toy model has led to realistic universal models of strange metals, and to new insights on the quantum states of black holes.
description: 31 pages, 11 figures; Some of the introductory discussion in this article overlaps with the review in arXiv:2205.02285; companion article on black holes is arXiv:2304.13744
Stochastic scattering theory for excitation induced dephasing: Time-dependent nonlinear coherent exciton lineshapes
Creators: name: Kandada, Ajay Ram Srimath
name: Li, Hao
name: Thouin, Félix
name: Bittner, Eric R.
name: Silva, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a stochastic theory that treats time-dependent exciton-exciton s-wave scattering and that accounts for dynamic Coulomb screening, which we describe within a mean-field limit. With this theory, we model excitation-induced dephasing effects on time-resolved two-dimensional coherent optical lineshapes and we identify a number of features that can be attributed to the many-body dynamics occurring in the background of the exciton, including dynamic line narrowing, mixing of real and imaginary spectral components, and multi-quantum states. We test the model by means of multidimensional coherent spectroscopy on a two-dimensional metal-halide semiconductor that hosts tightly bound excitons and biexcitons that feature strong polaronic character. We find that the exciton nonlinear coherent lineshape reflects many-body correlations that give rise to excitation-induced dephasing. Furthermore, we observe that the exciton lineshape evolves with population time over time windows in which the population itself is static, in a manner that reveals the evolution of the multi-exciton many-body couplings. Specifically, the dephasing dynamics slow down with time, at a rate that is governed by the strength of exciton many-body interactions and on the dynamic Coulomb screening potential. The real part of the coherent optical lineshape displays strong dispersive character at zero time, which transforms to an absorptive lineshape on the dissipation timescale of excitation-induced dephasing effects, while the imaginary part displays converse behavior. Our microscopic theoretical approach is sufficiently flexible to allow for a wide exploration of how system-bath dynamics contribute to linear and non-linear time-resolved spectral behavior.
description: Accepted in The Journal of Chemical Physics, special issue on Excitons: Energetics and Spatio-temporal Dynamics
title: Julia Kavanagh In Her Times: Novelist And Biographer, 1824-1877.
Creators: name: Forsyth, Michael
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1999

description: This study seeks to identify the contribution of Julia Kavanagh within early and mid-Victorian literature and as a contributor to the concept of the contribution of a women's tradition to the developemnt of French and English arts and culture. It examines her progress as a popular novelist to changing tastes during her working career and her reputation among her contemporaries, including the niche she created for novels with a French background, based on her early life in, and later return to France. Her principal non-fiction works Woman In France in the 18th Century, Women of Christianity and French and English Women of Letters are considered as evidence of a developing thesis on the contribution of a distinct female contribution in these areas, with some discussion on the relationship between these ideas and Kavanagh's practice as a novelist. Four of Kavanagh's novels are discussed in detail; Madeleine (1848) and Rachel Gray (1856) are atypical and demonstrate a more personal interest in the lives of poor single women, and reflect the author's strong Catholic faith; Nathalie (1850) and Adèle (1858) on the other hand, demonstrate the impact and influence of Brontë's Jane Eyre on Kavanagh's output. The study seeks to identify the influence on Kavanagh's work of her French upbringing, and particularly of the abandonment of herself and her blind mother by her father, leaving Kavanagh to support them by her writings, with particular reference to Rachel Gray. The study also includes a close study of a portion of Adèle, and a review of characteristic themes in Kavanagh's fiction and non-fiction. The bibliography of Kavanagh's works is the most complete to date
A Game to Assess Human Decision Making with AI Support
Creators: name: Guttman, Rotem
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 80605 Decision Support and Group Support Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: When using decision-support systems that are based on artificial intelligence (AI), humans often make poor choices. The failure of these systems to reward expectations about their utility have led to several such systems being abandoned. Although preliminary research indicates that the inability to communicate model output understandably to the humans who use the systems may contribute to this problem, it is currently unknown what specific changes in the way that AI systems communicate with users would be most likely to increase their success. In this blog post, I describe SEI research that is collecting data on actual human decision making to determine the most effective designs for AI-system interfaces within a chosen domain.
Neutrino Scattering, Absorption and Annihilation above the accretion disks of Gamma Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Kneller, J. P.
name: McLaughlin, G. C.
name: Surman, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The central engine that drives gamma ray burst (GRB) explosions may derive from the ability of electrons/positrons and nucleons to tap into the momentum and energy from the large neutrino luminosity emitted by an accretion disk surrounding a black hole. This transfer of momentum and energy occurs due to neutrino absorption, scattering, and annihilation and the non-spherical geometry of the source both increases the annihilation efficiency and, close to the black hole, directs the momentum transfer towards the disk axis. We present annihilation efficiencies and the momentum/energy transfers for a number of accretion disk models and compute the critical densities of infalling material below which the transfer of neutrino momentum/energy will lead to an explosion. Models in which the neutrinos and antineutrinos become trapped within the disk have noticeably different momentum and energy deposition structure compared to thin disk models that may lead to significant differences in the explosion dynamics.
title: Unimployment in Spain - The Spanish Production System
Creators: name: Ruiz-Ogarrio Blanco, Alfredo
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Spain Unemployment Production

description: Since crisis started in 2007, worldwide economies had been affected by this issue, especially Spain. Spain is a very volatile country and because of that risk-prime and unemployment has increased a lot in the years after the crisis began. We are going to predict the future of unemployment in Spain for the period 2014-2018 through the using of Input-Output tables for five different sectors (agriculture, industry, construction, finances and services) and in three different scenarios. Also apart of using IO tables we have used data from other sources such as AMECO, INE, OECD, etc. Input-Output tables are a tool which examines all the flush of money within an economy and express in a matrix all the correlations within the sectors. It says the inputs we have to introduce in the system to increase the output in one unit. Amidst what appears to be the final stages of the economic crisis for Spain, this work gives a closer look into the Spanish productive system and the Spanish economy. During the first part of this thesis three works dealing with the topic of the Spanish productive system are analyzed. They are thoroughly explored and explained with the idea of giving a sample of what researchers are working regarding this topic. In the second part, chapters 2 through 10, the actual analysis of the Spanish production system is given. This part starts by describing general institutions and determinants and how they work in order to later describe the evolution of an aggregate of main sectors through the last 20 to 25 years and to point out the most influencing factors in each of them, mostly in the form of regulation. In many cases these descriptions give ideas of some underlying problems with particular sectors. Next, some aspects of Spain's economy in the international context, like exports of goods and services for example, are described leading toward the end of this part where several macroeconomic indicators are described.
Integracja gospodarcza w sektorze rolniczym wobec uczestnictwa Białorusi w Euroazjatyckiej Wspólnocie Gospodarczej
Creators: name: Golovkov, Vladimir
name: Komik, Vasil
name: Sytchevnik, Anna
name: Golovkov, Vladimir
name: Komik, Vasil
name: Sytchevnik, Anna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: integration
subject: agriculture
subject: food security
subject: international cooperation
subject: / integracja
subject: rolnictwo
subject: bezpieczeństwo żywnościowe
subject: współpraca międzynarodowa

description: The paper considers the problem of integration in agriculture of Belarus after it has joined the Eurasian Economic Community. Authors analyze the current state of agro-industrial complex in Belarus and indicate its development priorities for the coming years. / Synopsis. Artykuł dotyczy problemów integracji rolnictwa Białorusi podczas wprowadzania jej do Euroazjatyckiej Wspólnoty Gospodarczej. Autorzy analizują aktualny stan rolnictwa Białorusi i wskazują priorytety jego rozwoju w następnych latach.
Large-scale Online Ridesharing: The Effect of Assignment Optimality on System Performance
Creators: name: Fiedler, David
name: Čertický, Michal
name: Alonso-Mora, Javier
name: Pěchouček, Michal
name: Čáp, Michal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Mobility-on-demand (MoD) systems consist of a fleet of shared vehicles that can be hailed for one-way point-to-point trips. The total distance driven by the vehicles and the fleet size can be reduced by employing ridesharing, i.e., by assigning multiple passengers to one vehicle. However, finding the optimal passenger-vehicle assignment in an MoD system is a hard combinatorial problem. In this work, we demonstrate how the VGA method, a recently proposed systematic method for ridesharing, can be used to compute the optimal passenger-vehicle assignments and corresponding vehicle routes in a massive-scale MoD system. In contrast to existing works, we solve all passenger-vehicle assignment problems to optimality, regularly dealing with instances containing thousands of vehicles and passengers. Moreover, to examine the impact of using optimal ridesharing assignments, we compare the performance of an MoD system that uses optimal assignments against an MoD system that uses assignments computed using insertion heuristic and against an MoD system that uses no ridesharing. We found that the system that uses optimal ridesharing assignments subject to the maximum travel delay of 4 minutes reduces the vehicle distance driven by 57 % compared to an MoD system without ridesharing. Furthermore, we found that the optimal assignments result in a 20 % reduction in vehicle distance driven and 5 % lower average passenger travel delay compared to a system that uses insertion heuristic.
description: Accepted Manuscript version. Currently published online in the Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/15472450.2022.2121651
title: "I Feel This Challenge - But I Don't Have The Background" : Teachers' Responses To Their Bilingual Pupils In 6 Scottish Primary Schools : An Ethnographic Study
Creators: name: Smythe, Geraldine
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2001

description: The central question of this research project may be stated as 'What are the beliefs about best practice whic influence non-specialist mainstream class teachers when teaching bilingual pupils and how have these beliefs been formed?' This thesis reports on an investigation into the influences on mainstream teachers' practice as they respond to the needs of bilingual children in primary classrooms in the area of Scotland which, until 1996, formed Strathclyde Region. The research reported in this thesis derived from Smyth and McKee (1996) which found that newly qualifying teachers in Scotland did not feel equipped to support bilingual learners in the classroom. a multi-site case study was conducted in twelve classrooms in six education authorities using non-participant observation and interviews with class teachers. The transcriptions of the interviews were analysed to find the cultural models which inform teachers' practice. This analysis found that the Master Model which informed teachers' practice in the context being researched was that 'bilingual pupils need to become monolingual to succeed'. This master model helps to shape and organise the teachers' beliefs and leads to a number of related cultural models. This thesis discusses three of these: - Parents who do not speak English hinder the child's academic progress, by definition, their ability to become monolingual; - the role of schools and literacy events is to promote monolingualism; - those bilingual learners who do not fit the 'Master Model' i.e. those who do not operate monolingually in the dominant language are problematic and require learning support. The cultural models which were found to influence the teachers' practices were not exclusive to teachers in one school or of a certain length of experience, but were found to pertain across the sample of seventeen teachers, albeit with overlaps and internal contradictions. The subtractive view of bilingualism which was found to dominate the Cultural Models in the policy vacuum that exists as regards education for bilingual children in Scotland has been shown (Skutnabb-Kangas, 1981; Cummins, 1984; Gibbons, 1991; Thomas and Collier, 1997) to have long-term detrimental effects on bilingual children’s educational achievement.
Classification of Singular Fibres on Rational Elliptic Surfaces in Characteristic Three
Creators: name: Jarvis, Tyler J.
name: Lang, William E.
name: Petrosyan, Nansen
name: Rimmasch, Gretchen
name: Rogers, Julie
name: Summers, Erin D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J27;14J26

description: We determine and list all possible configurations of singular fibres on rational elliptic surfaces in characteristic three. In total, we find that 267 distinct configurations exist. This result complements Miranda and Persson's classification in characteristic zero, and Lang's classification in characteristic two.
description: 40 Pages. Minor typos corrected
Evidence for chiral supercurrent in quantum Hall Josephson junctions
Creators: name: Vignaud, Hadrien
name: Perconte, David
name: Yang, Wenmin
name: Kousar, Bilal
name: Wagner, Edouard
name: Gay, Frédéric
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Courtois, Hervé
name: Han, Zheng
name: Sellier, Hermann
name: Sacépé, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hybridizing superconductivity with the quantum Hall (QH) effects has major potential for designing novel circuits capable of inducing and manipulating non-Abelian states for topological quantum computation. However, despite recent experimental progress towards this hybridization, concrete evidence for a chiral QH Josephson junction -- the elemental building block for coherent superconducting-QH circuits -- is still lacking. Its expected signature is an unusual chiral supercurrent flowing in QH edge channels, which oscillates with a specific $2ϕ_0$ magnetic flux periodicity ($ϕ_0=h/2e$ is the superconducting flux quantum, $h$ the Planck constant and $e$ the electron charge). Here, we show that ultra-narrow Josephson junctions defined in encapsulated graphene nanoribbons exhibit such a chiral supercurrent, visible up to 8 teslas, and carried by the spin-degenerate edge channel of the QH plateau of resistance $h/2e^2\simeq 12.9$ k$Ω$. We observe reproducible $2ϕ_0$-periodic oscillation of the supercurrent, which emerges at constant filling factor when the area of the loop formed by the QH edge channel is constant, within a magnetic-length correction that we resolve in the data. Furthermore, by varying the junction geometry, we show that reducing the superconductor/normal interface length is pivotal to obtain a measurable supercurrent on QH plateaus, in agreement with theories predicting dephasing along the superconducting interface. Our findings mark a critical milestone along the path to explore correlated and fractional QH-based superconducting devices that should host non-Abelian Majorana and parafermion zero modes.
description: Maintext and SI
Comparing DevSecOps and Systems Engineering Principles
Creators: name: Turner, Richard
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 80309 Software Engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Software developers and sustainers are seeing significant improvement by adopting Lean, Agile and DevSecOps iteration-based approaches. Now similar approaches are being proposed for more complex projects, including embedded software systems and software-driven systems of systems. These systems are generally developed with a strong systems engineering component. The interaction of these two disciplines is not well understood, and experience from early application suggests model clashes between them. In this blog post, I look at the underlying principles espoused by each of these disciplines.
Ubezpieczenia upraw rzepaku od skutków złego przezimowania; uwarunkowania środowiskowe i ekonomiczne
Creators: name: Hęćka, Aleksandra
name: Łyskawa, Krzysztof
name: Hęćka, Aleksandra
name: Łyskawa, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Production Economics
subject: rape
subject: winter kills
subject: crop insurance
subject: profitability of crop insurance
subject: / rzepak
subject: skutki złego przezimowania
subject: ubezpieczenie upraw
subject: opłacalność ubezpieczenia upraw

description: The intensity of weather phenomena causes effects in agriculture which take a character of mass damages (e.g. damage caused by winter-kills). Farmers that have been affected by damages in crops are looking for a coverage of these losses by the payments from insurance contracts. However, it should be investigated whether the conditions of the currently operating crop insurance contracts allow for a full financial protection of farmers interests. In particular, whether the payments are sufficient to compensate their lost expenses or to compensate lost revenue. Authors investigated the answers to these questions for the cultivation of oilseed rape. Their conclusions have been extended to the analysis of frequency and intensity of negative mass atmospheric phenomena in Poland. / Synopsis. Intensywność zjawisk pogodowych powoduje występowanie w rolnictwie zdarzeń, które przyjmują charakter szkód masowych (np. szkody spowodowane wymarznięciem roślin w okresie zimowym). Rolnictwo, dotknięte szkodami w uprawach, poszukuje pokrycia owych strat przez wypłaty z umowy ubezpieczenia. Jednak należy zastanowić się, czy funkcjonujące obecnie warunki ubezpieczenia upraw w pełni pokrywają interes majątkowy rolnika, czy wypłacane odszkodowania wystarczają na pokrycie poniesionych wydatków, czy też rekompensują utracony przychód. Autorzy zbadali odpowiedzi na przedmiotowe pytania względem uprawy rzepaku ozimego. Swoje wnioski poszerzyli o analizę częstotliwości i intensywności niekorzystnych, masowych zjawisk atmosferycznych w Polsce.
Handel zagraniczny Unii Europejskiej roślinami ozdobnymi
Creators: name: Jabłońska, Lilianna
name: Bońkowska, Anna
name: Olewnicki, Dawid
name: Stefanowska, Agnieszka
name: Jabłońska, Lilianna
name: Bońkowska, Anna
name: Olewnicki, Dawid
name: Stefanowska, Agnieszka
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: imports
subject: exports
subject: ornamental plants
subject: EU
subject: / import
subject: eksport
subject: rośliny ozdobne
subject: UE

description: The changes in the EU’s foreign trade in ornamental plants over the years 1995-2010 have been studied. The imports and exports values, structure of assortment and trade balance have been analyzed. It's geographic structure was analyzed in detail, by identifying the countries of plant origin and destination, as well as the largest EU exporters and importers. It was found that the intra-EU turnovers are the basis, but rising imports from African countries and exports to behind the EU eastern border is observed. The Netherlands is a major exporter while Germany a major importer. However, the increasing role of Germany as a supplier and of Netherlands as a buyer is visible. / Synopsis. W pracy badano zmiany w handlu zagranicznym roślinami ozdobnymi w UE w latach 1995-2010. Analizowano wartość importu i eksportu, saldo obrotów oraz strukturę asortymentową. Szczegółowo analizowano strukturę geograficzną, identyfikując kraje pochodzenia i przeznaczenia roślin oraz największych unijnych eksporterów i importerów. Wykazano, że podstawą handlu są obroty wewnątrzunijne, ale rośnie import z krajów Afryki oraz eksport za wschodnią granicę UE. Główny eksporter to Holandia, a importer Niemcy, przy czym wzrasta rola Niemiec jako dostawcy roślin, a Holandii jaki odbiorcy.
Long Period Variables in the LMC: Results from MACHO and 2MASS
Creators: name: Fraser, Oliver J.
name: Hawley, Suzanne L.
name: Cook, Kem H.
name: Keller, Stefan C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the eight year light-curve database from the MACHO (MAssive Compact Halo Objects) project together with infrared colors and magnitudes from 2MASS (the Two Micron All Sky Survey) to identify a sample of 22,000 long period variables in the Large Magellanic Cloud (referred to hereafter as LMC LPVs). A period-luminosity diagram of these stars reveals six well-defined sequences, in substantial agreement with previous analyses of samples from OGLE (Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment). In our analysis we identify analogues to galactic LPVs in the LMC LPV sample. We find that carbon-dominated AGB stars populate only two of the sequences, one of which includes the Mira variables. The high-luminosity end of the same two sequences are also the location of the only stars with $J-K_s > 2$, indicating that they are enshrouded in dust. The unknown mechanism that drives the variability of stars in the longest period produces different morphology in the period-luminosity diagram as compared to the shortest period sequences, which are thought to be caused by pulsation. In particular, the longest period sequence extends to lower luminosity RGB stars and the luminosity function does not peak among the AGB stars. We point out several features which will constrain new models of the period-luminosity sequences.
Światowy towarowy rynek giełdowy; aktualny stan i tendencje w rozwoju
Creators: name: Jerzak, Michał A.
name: Jerzak, Michał A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: commodity exchange
subject: futures contract
subject: the Internet trading platform
subject: price risk management
subject: / giełda towarowa
subject: kontrakt terminowy
subject: internetowa platforma handlowa
subject: zarządzanie ryzykiem cenowym

description: This paper presents a study of the global commodity exchange market and identifies trends and direction of development of this institution in the world. It was found that the commodity exchanges were subject to significant changes resulting from the development of the economy and the needs of market participants, which in turn led to the creation of global electronic trading platforms. However, this institution has always been a place of the information on prices and on agricultural commodities market generation. First of all it enables price risk management. Despite a significant development of stock markets in financial instruments the nominal share of the stock exchange operators in trading agricultural commodities futures is growing. / Synopsis. W niniejszym artykule dokonano studium stanu światowego towarowego rynku giełdowego, a także wskazano na tendencje i kierunki rozwoju instytucji giełd towarowych na świecie. Instytucja ta podlegała znacznym przemianom wynikającym z rozwoju gospodarki i potrzeb uczestników rynku, co w konsekwencji doprowadziło do stworzenia globalnych elektronicznych platform handlowych. Giełda była zawsze miejscem generowania informacji rynkowej w zakresie poziomu cen i sytuacji na rynku surowców rolnych. Przede wszystkim jednak umożliwiała zarządzanie ryzykiem niekorzystnej zmiany ceny na rynku. Stwierdzono, że pomimo znaczącego rozwoju giełdowych rynków instrumentów finansowych, nominalny udział w obrotach operatorów giełdowych kontraktów na surowce rolnicze stale wzrasta.
Ant colony optimization and rectilinear Steiner minimal trees
Creators: name: Blackman, Anthony Curtis
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This paper consists of two distinct parts. In the first part, we introduce the Rectilinear Steiner Minimal Tree (RSMT) problem and describe the Ant Colony algorithm which we use to construct the RSMT. The development of an Ant Colony algorithm called AntCol Steiner is described and we create a working program of the algorithm using the Sun Microsystems Java programming language (see appendix A to H for details). We investigate the effectiveness of our algorithm by using AntCol Steiner to construct; and draw RSMT a given a random set of terminals. In the second part, we look at an application of the Kirchoff's Matrix Tree theorem. We find the length of a Rectilinear Minimal Spanning Tree (RMST) spanning a set of random terminals. We verify the accuracy of our results from the Kirchoff's Matrix Tree algorithm using Prim's RMST Algorithm. Our original plan was to develop an algorithm based on this theorem to determine the length of a RSTM. However, we were unable to modify the algorithm we used to find the length of the RMST, for the case of a RSMT.
Thermoelectric phenomena in an antiferromagnetic helix: Role of electric field
Creators: name: Mondal, Kallol
name: Ganguly, Sudin
name: Maiti, Santanu K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The charge and spin-dependent thermoelectric responses are investigated on a single-helical molecule possessing a collinear antiferromagnetic spin arrangement with zero net magnetization in the presence of a transverse electric field. Both the short and long-range hopping scenarios are considered, which mimic biological systems like single-stranded DNA and $α$-protein molecules. A non-equilibrium Green's function formalism is employed following the Landauer-Buttiker prescription to study the thermoelectric phenomena. The detailed dependence of the basic thermoelectric quantities on helicity, electric field, temperature etc., are elaborated on, and the underlying physics is explained accordingly. The charge and spin \textit{figure of merits} are computed and compared critically. For a more accurate estimation, the phononic contribution towards thermal conductance is also included. The present proposition shows a favorable spin-dependent thermoelectric response compared to the charge counterpart.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, comments are Welcome
High-purity free-electron momentum states prepared by three-dimensional optical phase modulation
Creators: name: Feist, Armin
name: Yalunin, Sergey V.
name: Schäfer, Sascha
name: Ropers, Claus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the quantized transfer of photon energy and transverse momentum to a high-coherence electron beam. In an ultrafast transmission electron microscope, a three-dimensional phase modulation of the electron wavefunction is induced by transmitting the beam through a laser-illuminated thin graphite sheet. This all-optical free-electron phase space control results in high-purity superpositions of linear momentum states, providing an elementary component for optically programmable electron phase plates and beam splitters.
Additional file 1 of When less is more: sketching with minimizers in genomics
Creators: name: Ndiaye, Malick
name: Prieto-Baños, Silvia
name: Fitzgerald, Lucy M.
name: Yazdizadeh Kharrazi, Ali
name: Oreshkov, Sergey
name: Dessimoz, Christophe
name: Sedlazeck, Fritz J.
name: Glover, Natasha
name: Majidian, Sina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1. Review history.
High Resolution, Long - Slit Spectroscopy of VY CMa: The Evidence for Localized High Mass Loss Events
Creators: name: Humphreys, Roberta M.
name: Davidson, Kris
name: Ruch, Gerald
name: Wallerstein, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High spatial and spectral resolution spectroscopy of the OH/IR supergiant VY CMa and its circumstellar ejecta reveals evidence for high mass loss events from localized regions on the star occurring over the past 1000 years. The reflected absorption lines and the extremely strong K I emission lines show a complex pattern of velocities in the ejecta. We show that the large, dusty NW arc, expanding at 50 km/sec with respect to the embedded star, is kinematically distinct from the surrounding nebulosity and was ejected about 400 years ago. Other large, more filamentary loops were probably expelled as much as 800 to 1000 years ago while knots and small arcs close to the star resulted from more recent events 100 to 200 years ago. The more diffuse, uniformly distributed gas and dust is surprisingly stationary with little or no velocity relative to the star. This is not what we would expect for the circumstellar material from an evolved red supergiant with a long history of mass loss. We therefore suggest that the high mass loss rate for VY CMa is a measure of the mass carried out by these specific ejections accompanied by streams or flows of gas through low density regions in the dust envelope. VY CMa may thus be our most extreme example of stellar activity, but our results also bring into question the evolutionary state of this famous star. In a separate Appendix, we discuss the origin of the very strong K I and other rare emission lines in its spectrum.
Pomiar zmienności cen na rynku ziarna roślin strączkowych uprawianych w Polsce oraz rynku śruty sojowej
Creators: name: Just, Małgorzata
name: Śmiglak-Krajewska, Magdalena
name: Just, Małgorzata
name: Śmiglak-Krajewska, Magdalena
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: price risk
subject: price volatility
subject: grain legumes prices
subject: soy cake prices
subject: / ryzyko cenowe
subject: zmienność cen
subject: ceny ziarna roślin strączkowych
subject: ceny śruty sojowej

description: An increased volatility of agricultural products' prices, observed in recent years, has caused a greater exposure of market participants to the market risk. The main goal of this article is to estimate the volatility of price returns in the grain legumes grown in Poland and the ground soybean markets. The time series of monthly prices for grain legumes and soy cake in the period from January 2006 to December 2010 were the material for the research. For estimating the volatility of price returns were used: the classic and positional measures of volatility and ARMAX models. The results of the study have shown a large price volatility in the grain legumes and soy cake markets as well as that the predictable and unpredictable components of price returns should be distinguished in order to properly evaluate the real risk exposure. / Synopsis. Obserwowany w ostatnich latach wzrost zmienności cen na rynkach towarów rolnych powoduje większą ekspozycję uczestników rynku na ryzyko rynkowe. Celem opracowania było oszacowanie zmienności logarytmicznych stóp zwrotu cen na rynku ziarna roślin strączkowych uprawianych w Polsce oraz rynku śruty sojowej. Materiał badawczy stanowiły szeregi czasowe miesięcznych cen skupu ziarna rodzimych roślin strączkowych i śruty sojowej w okresie od stycznia 2006 do grudnia 2010 r. Do oszacowania zmienności cen towarów rolnych wykorzystano klasyczne i pozycyjne miary zmienności oraz modele ARMAX. Wyniki przeprowadzonych badań wskazują na dużą zmienności na rynku badanych towarów oraz zasadność rozróżnienia między przewidywalnymi i nieprzewidywalnymi składowymi stóp zwrotu cen, aby właściwie ocenić ekspozycję na ryzyko.
title: Supporting Children's Acquisition Of Language And Literacy: An Investigation Into The Work Of Classroom Assistants In Mainstream Primary Schools
Creators: name: Mersh, Irene E.
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2001

description: This small-scale ethnographic study reports on an investigation into the ways in which classroom assistants support the development of children’s language and literacy in a limited number of mainstream primary schools. The purpose of the study was to gain an understanding of the ways in which assistants support children, the influence of school policies on their work and how, or if, their own language and literacy practices affected their work. The study was carried out between 1997- 2000, a period, which coincided with the introduction of the National Literacy Strategy. Phase One, a pilot study documented the work of classroom assistants in one urban primary school for 5 - 11 year olds. Phase Two, the distribution of a questionnaire survey to 39 urban primary schools and brief observations and interviews in eight of those schools was based on the information obtained in phase one. The data from phase two was analysed and used to select three schools for phase three, two primary and one infant as ‘core data’ schools. This report discusses the results from the questionnaire, semi-structured interviews and observations. It indicates some of the ways in which assistants’ personal literacy practices were used to support children and the links between these and school policy documents. The findings suggest that the management style and ethos of a school affected the deployment of assistants, their access to training and their status as members of staff. The study concludes that heads and teachers need to be aware of not only of what assistants are asked to do but how they do it in order to monitor and evaluate their work, use the skills they bring to the job and plan tailored training.
Phase transitions in the mini-batch size for sparse and dense two-layer neural networks
Creators: name: Marino, Raffaele
name: Ricci-Tersenghi, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The use of mini-batches of data in training artificial neural networks is nowadays very common. Despite its broad usage, theories explaining quantitatively how large or small the optimal mini-batch size should be are missing. This work presents a systematic attempt at understanding the role of the mini-batch size in training two-layer neural networks. Working in the teacher-student scenario, with a sparse teacher, and focusing on tasks of different complexity, we quantify the effects of changing the mini-batch size $m$. We find that often the generalization performances of the student strongly depend on $m$ and may undergo sharp phase transitions at a critical value $m_c$, such that for $mm_c$ the student learns perfectly or generalizes very well the teacher. Phase transitions are induced by collective phenomena firstly discovered in statistical mechanics and later observed in many fields of science. Observing a phase transition by varying the mini-batch size across different architectures raises several questions about the role of this hyperparameter in the neural network learning process.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures
Matrix tri-factorization over the tropical semiring
Creators: name: Omanović, Amra
name: Oblak, Polona
name: Curk, Tomaž
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Tropical semiring has proven successful in several research areas, including optimal control, bioinformatics, discrete event systems, or solving a decision problem. In previous studies, a matrix two-factorization algorithm based on the tropical semiring has been applied to investigate bipartite and tripartite networks. Tri-factorization algorithms based on standard linear algebra are used for solving tasks such as data fusion, co-clustering, matrix completion, community detection, and more. However, there is currently no tropical matrix tri-factorization approach, which would allow for the analysis of multipartite networks with a high number of parts. To address this, we propose the triFastSTMF algorithm, which performs tri-factorization over the tropical semiring. We apply it to analyze a four-partition network structure and recover the edge lengths of the network. We show that triFastSTMF performs similarly to Fast-NMTF in terms of approximation and prediction performance when fitted on the whole network. When trained on a specific subnetwork and used to predict the whole network, triFastSTMF outperforms Fast-NMTF by several orders of magnitude smaller error. The robustness of triFastSTMF is due to tropical operations, which are less prone to predict large values compared to standard operations.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables
Korzyści z opracowywania i czynniki warunkujące sukces nowych produktów na rynku żywności
Creators: name: Kaczorowska, Joanna
name: Kaczorowska, Joanna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: new food product development
subject: food product innovation
subject: success determinants of new product
subject: / opracowywanie nowych produktów żywnościowych
subject: innowacje produktowe na rynku żywności
subject: czynniki sukcesu nowego produktu

description: The development and introduction of new as well as improving existing products creates a chance for companies to exist in the rapidly-changing food market. These actions increase flexibility and stability of functioning, strengthen the current position of companies and provide an opportunity for their development in the future. The effectiveness of these actions depends on the knowledge of determinants for market success of new products and the practical application of this knowledge by companies. / Synopsis. Opracowywanie, wprowadzanie nowych i ulepszanie istniejących produktów jest jednym ze sposobów utrzymania się firm na dynamicznie zmieniającym się rynku żywności. Działania te zwiększają elastyczność i stabilność funkcjonowania, wzmacniają obecną pozycję przedsiębiorstw i stwarzają możliwość ich rozwoju w przyszłości. Skuteczność tych działań zależy od znajomości czynników warunkujących sukces nowych produktów na rynku oraz od wykorzystania tej wiedzy przez przedsiębiorstwa w praktyce.
title: Towards An Understanding Of Procrastinating Behaviours In A Key Stage 1 Classroom
Creators: name: Hoad, J. Bridget
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2000

description: This study sets out to understand repeated procrastinating behaviours which may become detrimental to effective teaching, learning and assessment. The five case studies were conducted in a local authority primary school over a period of two years when the children were in Key Stage 1, aged five, six and seven years. The focus of this study was the possible detrimental effects of procrastinating behaviours in curriculum learning, through assigned tasks. Behaviours were observed and interviews conducted to reach a understanding of the tasks from the child’s perspective. The teacher’s perspective of the behaviours within the wide context of the assigned task was interrogated through social constructivist theories of leaming. The communicative process, by which co-participants in a task come to understand that task, was examined in light of the observed procrastinating behaviours. Within this process the influence of pupil learning identities, the use of power and questioning were particularly salient. The case studies suggest, in keeping with the author’s view, that procrastinating behaviours do have a detrimental effect on curriculum teaching, learning and assessment. It would appear that in the course of procrastinating, task objectives may be: ongoingly altered by the learners to confirm existing skills and knowledge, rejected by the learner in favour of alternative interests or progressively dfferentiated by the teacher in order to engage the learner, narrowing the opportunities for shared control of learning. It would seem that these behaviours have much to do with the active interpretation of tasks against the socio-cultural background of what passes as classroom knowledge and becomes classroom culture. It is likely that procrastinating behaviours may be reduced in conditions that allow learning to be ‘scaffolded’ in the social constructivist sense, that value discourse as a means of learning from each other and that share power and control of learning. The study proposes strategies which practitioners might find useful in identifying and reducing the incidence of procrastinating behaviours. These strategies are all concerned with the promotion of discourse in teaching, learning and assessment. They relate to task organisation and management, the construction of classroom culture and the learner’s role in approaching tasks. Through each of the strategies, the community in which the learners find themselves, has a role to play. This proposes a shift from individualism and differentiation to teaching with the goal of full participation.
An Enquiry into the significance of communication of Gospel through Internet
Creators: name: Dharmasenan Ernest Samuel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 220401 Christian Studies (incl. Biblical Studies and Church History)
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion

description: A complete thesis on the use of technology in advancement of the gospel written almost 20 years ago. The thesis is a prophetic fulfilment of how the church should adapt in midst of evolving global pandemic.
title: Training The Military Engineer: A Study Of Assessment And Its Validity
Creators: name: Brooks, Donald Andrew John
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2002

description: The Army train their personnel using a system called 'The Systems Approach to Training' (SAT). The system develops the results of a job analysis into course training objectives that are used to define Army training courses. The outcome expected from the Army training system is individuals who are competent to perform the job they are trained for. The focus of this study is the electrical and mechanical military engineers trained by the Army to carry out engineering tasks throughout the world. They are trained in accordance with SAT but at the end of the courses they are also awarded a BTEC HND. The outcome of the courses is therefore to produce an HND qualified, competent military engineer. This study is concerned with how the students on the courses are assessed as competent and in what way this assessment is valid. There are different forms the validity could take, e.g. content, construct, and criterion-related, however the theory has moved away from individual forms to a unitary concept, with construct validity as the integrating force that binds it together. This study sets out to evaluate the nature of the validity of the course assessments in terms of this unitary concept. An evaluation of the validity of assessment requires more than an exploration of conceptions of validity, assessment content and assessment methods. As the assessment is used to assess military engineering competence this study is concerned with issues of competencebased assessment. Defining engineering competence as the construct presents two problem areas that threaten the validity of the assessment, domain specification and the use of the assessors' judgement. Specific theoretical criteria against which to assess the validity of the assessment must be defined. The criteria will focus on how the construct is represented in the assessment and the claims made for the assessment in terms of predicting occupational performance. This study will be an exploration into the nature of the validity of the assessment of military engineering competence. The results of this study will support the view that the assessment of competence and the validity of that assessment are complex issues, and my study will make a contribution towards the understanding of these issues for those concerned with the theory and practice of education.