cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
AdS/CFT in the Infinite Momentum Frame
Creators: name: Brecher, D.
name: Chamblin, A.
name: Reall, H. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper considers the spacetimes describing pp-waves propagating on extremal non-dilatonic branes. It is shown that an observer moving along a geodesic will experience infinite curvature at the horizon of the brane, which should therefore be regarded as singular. Taking the decoupling limit of these brane-wave spacetimes gives a pp-wave in AdS, the simplest example being the Kaigorodov spacetime. It has been conjectured that gravity in this spacetime is dual to a CFT in the infinite momentum frame with constant momentum density. If correct, this implies that the CFT must resolve the singularity of the bulk spacetime. Evidence in favour of this conjecture is presented. The unbroken conformal symmetries determine the scalar 2-point function up to an arbitrary function of one variable. However, an AdS/CFT calculation shows that this function is constant (to leading order in $1/N^2$) and the result is therefore the same as when the full conformal symmetry is unbroken. This paper also discusses a recently discovered Virasoro symmetry of metrics describing pp-waves in AdS and naked singularities in the Randall-Sundrum scenario.
description: 32 pages LaTeX. Corrected a typo, added a section on supersymmetry, comments on the implications of our analysis for the Randall-Sundrum scenario, and a brief discourse about free field theory and the ambiguity in the 2-point function
Stochastic coalescence in logarithmic time
Creators: name: Po-Shen  Loh
name: Lubetzky, Eyal
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The following distributed coalescence protocol was introduced by Dahlia Malkhi in 2006 motivated by applications in social networking. Initially there are n agents wishing to coalesce into one cluster via a decentralized stochastic process, where each round is as follows: every cluster flips a fair coin to dictate whether it is to issue or accept requests in this round. Issuing a request amounts to contacting a cluster randomly chosen proportionally to its size. A cluster accepting requests is to select an incoming one uniformly (if there are such) and merge with that cluster. Empirical results by Fernandess and Malkhi suggested the protocol concludes in O(logn) rounds with high probability, whereas numerical estimates by Oded Schramm, based on an ingenious analytic approximation, suggested that the coalescence time should be super-logarithmic. Our contribution is a rigorous study of the stochastic coalescence process with two consequences. First, we confirm that the above process indeed requires super-logarithmic time w.h.p., where the inefficient rounds are due to oversized clusters that occasionally develop. Second, we remedy this by showing that a simple modification produces an essentially optimal distributed protocol; if clusters favor their smallest incoming merge request then the process does terminate in O(logn) rounds w.h.p., and simulations show that the new protocol readily outperforms the original one. Our upper bound hinges on a potential function involving the logarithm of the number of clusters and the cluster-susceptibility, carefully chosen to form a supermartingale. The analysis of the lower bound builds upon the novel approach of Schramm which may find additional applications: rather than seeking a single parameter that controls the system behavior, instead one approximates the system by the Laplace transform of the entire cluster-size distribution.
Regge-plus-resonance treatment of the p(gamma,K^+)Sigma^0 and p(gamma,K^0)Sigma^+ reactions at forward kaon angles
Creators: name: Corthals, T.
name: Ireland, D. G.
name: Van Cauteren, T.
name: Ryckebusch, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An effective-Lagrangian framework for K Sigma photoproduction from the proton is presented. The proposed model is applicable at forward kaon angles and photon lab energies from threshold up to 16 GeV. The high-energy part of the p(gamma,K^+)Sigma^0 and p(gamma,K^0)Sigma^+ amplitudes is expressed in terms of Regge-trajectory exchange in the t channel. By supplementing this Regge background with a number of s-channel resonances, the model is extended towards the resonance region. The resulting ``Regge-plus-resonance'' (RPR) approach has the advantage that the background contributions involve only a few parameters, which can be largely constrained by the high-energy data. This work compares various implementations of the RPR model, and explores which resonance contributions are required to fit the data presently at hand. It is demonstrated that, through the inclusion of one K and two K* trajectories, the RPR framework provides an efficient and unified description of the K^+ Sigma^0 and K^0 Sigma^+ photoproduction channels over an extensive energy range.
description: 33 pages, 15 figures; added discussion on new double-polarization data (Cx and Cz) in Section IV
Asteroseismology of Kepler Algol type oscillating eclipsing binaries
Creators: name: Liakos, Alexios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. This research paper contains light curve modelling, spectroscopy and detailed asteroseismic studies for four out of five in total semidetached eclipsing binaries with a delta Scuti component, that have been detected to date through Kepler mission, namely KIC 06669809, KIC 10581918, KIC 10619109 and KIC 11175495. Aims. The goal is to study the pulsational characteristics of the oscillating stars of the systems as well as to estimate their absolute parameters and enrich the so far poor sample of this kind of systems. Methods. Ground based spectroscopic observations provide the means to estimate the spectral types of the primary components and to model the light curves with higher certainty. The photometric data are analysed using eclipsing binary modeling techniques, while Fourier analysis is applied on their residuals in order to reveal the pulsation frequency modes. Results. The results of analyses show that the primaries are pulsating stars of delta Scuti type and that all systems belong to the group of Algol type binaries with an oscillating star, namely oEA stars. The primaries of KIC 06669809, KIC 10581918, and KIC 10619109 pulsate in three, two, and five frequencies, respectively and in more than 200 other detected as combinations. The delta Scuti star of KIC 11175495 is the youngest and the fastest pulsator in binary systems that has ever been found and it oscillates in three main non radial frequencies, while other 153 are also found as depended ones. Moreover, a comparison of their properties with other systems of the same type as well as with theoretical models of pulsating stars are also presented and discussed.
description: 22 pages, 29 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Soliton solution of continuum magnetization-equation in conducting ferromagnet with a spin-polarized current
Creators: name: Li, Z. D.
name: Liang, J. Q.
name: Li, Lu
name: Liu, W. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exact soliton solutions of a modified Landau-Lifshitz equation for the magnetization of conducting ferromagnet in the presence of a spin-polarized current are obtained by means of inverse scattering transformation. From the analytical solution effects of spin-current on the frequency, wave number, and dispersion law of spin wave are investigated. The one-soliton solution indicates obviously current-driven precession and periodic shape-variation as well. The inelastic collision of solitons by which we mean the shape change before and after collision appears due to the spin current. We, moreover, show that complete inelastic collisions can be achieved by adjusting spectrum and current parameters. This may lead to a potential technique for shape control of spin wave.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
Preperiodic points for quadratic polynomials over cyclotomic quadratic fields
Creators: name: Doyle, John R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37P05 (Primary), 37P35, 14G05 (Secondary)

description: Given a number field $K$ and a polynomial $f(z) \in K[z]$ of degree at least 2, one can construct a finite directed graph $G(f,K)$ whose vertices are the $K$-rational preperiodic points for $f$, with an edge $α\to β$ if and only if $f(α) = β$. Restricting to quadratic polynomials, the dynamical uniform boundedness conjecture of Morton and Silverman suggests that for a given number field $K$, there should only be finitely many isomorphism classes of directed graphs that arise in this way. Poonen has given a conjecturally complete classification of all such directed graphs over $\mathbb{Q}$, while recent work of the author, Faber, and Krumm has provided a detailed study of this question for all quadratic extensions of $\mathbb{Q}$. In this article, we give a conjecturally complete classification like Poonen's, but over the cyclotomic quadratic fields $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{-1})$ and $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{-3})$. The main tools we use are dynamical modular curves and results concerning quadratic points on curves.
description: v4 includes a few more details, especially toward the end of Section 3 and in Appendix A. Other minor changes have been made. An additional Magma file (main.txt), containing calculations for the main body of the article, have been added as an ancillary file
RXTE Studies of Cyclotron Lines in Accreting Pulsars
Creators: name: Heindl, W. A.
name: Coburn, W.
name: Gruber, D. E.
name: Pelling, M.
name: Rothschild, R. E.
name: Kretschmar, P.
name: Kreykenbohm, I.
name: Wilms, J.
name: Pottschmidt, K.
name: Staubert, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we summarize the RXTE measurements of cyclotron resonance scattering features in 8 accreting pulsars. The wide bandpass and modest resolution of the RXTE instruments make them ideal for measuring these generally broad features. In particular, the high energy response of HEXTE provides a window for discovery of new lines not detectable with proportional counters such as Ginga or the PCA alone.
description: 5 pages. To appear in "Proceedings of the 5th Compton Symposium"
A fully discrete energy stable scheme for a phase-field moving contact line model with variable densities and viscosities
Creators: name: Zhu, Guangpu
name: Chen, Huangxin
name: Li, Aifen
name: Sun, Shuyu
name: Yao, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we propose a fully discrete energy stable scheme for the phase-field moving contact line model with variable densities and viscosities. The mathematical model consists of a Cahn-Hilliard equation, a Navier-Stokes equation and the generalized Navier boundary condition for the moving contact line. A scalar auxiliary variable is adopted to transform the governing system into an equivalent form, allowing the double well potential to be treated semi-explicitly. A stabilization term is added to balance the explicit nonlinear term originating from the surface energy at fluid-solid interface. A pressure stabilization method is used to decouple the computation of velocity and pressure. Some subtle implicit-explicit treatments are adopted to deal with convention and stress terms. We establish a rigorous proof of energy stability for the proposed time-marching scheme. Then a finite difference method on staggered grids is used to spatially discretize the constructed time-marching scheme. We further prove that the fully discrete scheme also satisfies the discrete energy dissipation law. Numerical results demonstrate accuracy and energy stability of the proposed scheme. Using our numerical scheme, we analyze the contact line dynamics through a shear flow driven droplet sliding case. Three-dimensional droplet spreading is also investigated on a chemically patterned surface. Our numerical simulation accurately predicts the expected energy evolutions and it successfully reproduces expected phenomena that an oil droplet contracts inwards on a hydrophobic zone and spreads outwards quickly on a hydrophilic zone.
A strictly commutative model for the cochain algebra of a space
Creators: name: Richter, Birgit
name: Sagave, Steffen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55P48, 16E45, 18D50, 55P62

description: The commutative differential graded algebra $A_{\mathrm{PL}}(X)$ of polynomial forms on a simplicial set $X$ is a crucial tool in rational homotopy theory. In this note, we construct an integral version $A^{\mathcal{I}}(X)$ of $A_{\mathrm{PL}}(X)$. Our approach uses diagrams of chain complexes indexed by the category of finite sets and injections $\mathcal{I}$ to model $E_{\infty}$ differential graded algebras by strictly commutative objects, called commutative $\mathcal{I}$-dgas. We define a functor $A^{\mathcal{I}}$ from simplicial sets to commutative $\mathcal{I}$-dgas and show that it is a commutative lift of the usual cochain algebra functor. In particular, it gives rise to a new construction of the $E_{\infty}$ dga of cochains. The functor $A^{\mathcal{I}}$ shares many properties of $A_{\mathrm{PL}}$, and can be viewed as a generalization of $A_{\mathrm{PL}}$ that works over arbitrary commutative ground rings. Working over the integers, a theorem by Mandell implies that $A^{\mathcal{I}}(X)$ determines the homotopy type of $X$ when $X$ is a nilpotent space of finite type.
description: v3: 23 pages; corrected an error in Lemma 3.7, adjusted some model structures accordingly and made various other small improvements
Self-starting stable coherent mode-locking in a two-section laser
Creators: name: Arkhipov, Rostislav M.
name: Arkhipov, Mikhail V.
name: Babushkin, Ihar
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: mode-locking
subject: ultrashort laser pulse
subject: coherent pulse propagation
subject: area theorem
subject: self-induced transparency
subject: 42.60.Fc
subject: 42.65.Re
subject: 42.50.Md
subject: 42.60.Da

description: In the present work we report the possibility of passive mode-locking based on the coherent interaction of light with the amplifying and absorbing media in lasers with ring and linear cavities. We consider the realistic and practically interesting case when the absorbing and amplifying media are separated in the cavity space but not homogeneously mixed in the volume of the cavity, as was considered earlier in the literature. We perform qualitative consideration of coherent passive mode-locking based on the area theorem of McCall and Hahn and its graphical representation for the first time. We show that other, not soliton scenarios of passive mode-locking exist, and that coherent mode-locking is self-starting (lasing without an injection seeding pulse is possible). We point to the fact that the spectral width of the laser generation can be significantly larger than the spectral bandwidth of the gain medium. Numerical simulations were performed using the system of Maxwell-Bloch equations in the slowly varying envelope approximation.
Stepwise Projection: Toward Brane Setups for Generic Orbifold Singularities
Creators: name: Feng, Bo
name: Hanany, Amihay
name: He, Yang-Hui
name: Prezas, Nikolaos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The construction of brane setups for the exceptional series E6,E7,E8 of SU(2) orbifolds remains an ever-haunting conundrum. Motivated by techniques in some works by Muto on non-Abelian SU(3) orbifolds, we here provide an algorithmic outlook, a method which we call stepwise projection, that may shed some light on this puzzle. We exemplify this method, consisting of transformation rules for obtaining complex quivers and brane setups from more elementary ones, to the cases of the D-series and E6 finite subgroups of SU(2). Furthermore, we demonstrate the generality of the stepwise procedure by appealing to Frobenius' theory of Induced Representations. Our algorithm suggests the existence of generalisations of the orientifold plane in string theory.
description: 22 pages, 3 figures
Stationary distribution and cover time of random walks on random digraphs
Creators: name: Cooper, Colin
name: Frieze, Alan
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study properties of a simple random walk on the random digraph Dn,p when np = d log n , d>1. We prove that whp the value πv of the stationary distribution at vertex v  is asymptotic to deg−(v)/m where deg−(v) is the in-degree of v  and m=n(n−1)p is the expected number of edges of Dn,p. If d=d(n)→∞ with n, the stationary distribution is asymptotically uniform whp. Using this result we prove that, for d>1, whp the cover time of Dn,p is asymptotic to d log(d/(d − 1))n log n . If d=d(n)→∞ with n , then the cover time is asymptotic to n log n
Not all lensing is low: An analysis of DESI×DES using the Lagrangian Effective Theory of LSS
Creators: name: Chen, Shi-Fan
name: DeRose, Joseph
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Supplementary material to DESI's publication "Not all lensing is low: An analysis of DESI×DESusing the Lagrangian Effective Theory of LSS"  to comply with the data management plan.
Dimension Dependence of Clustering Dynamics in Models of Ballistic Aggregation and Freely Cooling Granular Gas
Creators: name: Paul, Subhajit
name: Das, Subir K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Via event-driven molecular dynamics simulations we study kinetics of clustering in assemblies of inelastic particles in various space dimensions. We consider two models, viz., the ballistic aggregation model (BAM) and the freely cooling granular gas model (GGM), for each of which we quantify the time dependence of kinetic energy and average mass of clusters (that form due to inelastic collisions). These quantities, for both the models, exhibit power-law behavior, at least in the long time limit. For the BAM, corresponding exponents exhibit strong dimension dependence and follow a hyperscaling relation. In addition, in the high packing fraction limit the behavior of these quantities become consistent with a scaling theory that predicts an inverse relation between energy and mass. On the other hand, in the case of the GGM we do not find any evidence for such a picture. In this case, even though the energy decay, irrespective of packing fraction, matches quantitatively with that for the high packing fraction picture of the BAM, it is inversely proportional to the growth of mass only in one dimension, and the growth appears to be rather insensitive to the choice of the dimension, unlike the BAM.
Promoting the Mediterranean diet: A co-design game approach
Creators: name: Aikaterina Chatziavgeri
name: Metin Guldas
name: Noemi Boqué Terré
name: Asmaa EL Hamdouchi
name: Lazaros Gymnopoulos
name: Kosmas Dimitropoulos
Publisher: name: Springer, Cham
Year: 2023
Subjects: Game-based learning, Nutrition, Mediterranean diet, Educational game

description: In the past few years, a plethora of serious games concerning eating habits have been developed aiming to help improve people’s diet and prevent chronic diseases. However, little emphasis has been placed on the Mediterranean diet and the Mediterranean way of life. In this paper we propose a novel educational game that promotes the Mediterranean diet among school students in Mediterranean countries. The work was conducted within the PRIMA SWITCHtoHEALTHY project [1], with a focus on food groups, healthy ingredients, water intake, not skipping meals, and physical activity. The game design followed a co-design ap-proach which is based on the educational game design principles [2]. A related questionnaire regarding game factors was adopted and adjusted to the require-ments of the proposed game. Each factor consists of up to three questions, certain questions were updated and a new factor that reflects “Transfer to real life” was introduced. The purpose of this process is to gather end-user feedback, with the goal of optimizing and validating the game design. To avoid bias, respondents were diverse in terms of age, nationality, and status. Children, parents, researchers, and nutritionists from Turkey, Spain, Lebanon, Morocco, and Greece participated in the survey. The higher the score, the more satisfied the user is with each question; nevertheless, low scores can occasionally be justified. The game was revised in consideration to the responses, resulting in a co-designed game.
Impact of slippage on the morphology and stability of a dewetting rim
Creators: name: Münch, Andreas
name: Wagner, Barbara
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: asymptotic expansions
subject: dewetting films
subject: stability analysis
subject: 34E15
subject: 35B36
subject: 76D08
subject: 68.15.+e
subject: 47.54.+r
subject: 68.37.Ps

description: In this study lubrication theory is used to describe the stability and morphology of the rim that forms as a thin polymer film dewets from a hydrophobized silicon wafer. Thin film equations are derived from the governing hydrodynamic equations for the polymer to enable the systematic mathematical and numerical analysis of the properties of the solutions for different regimes of slippage and for a range of time scales. Dewetting rates and the cross sectional profiles of the evolving rims are derived for these models and compared to experimental results. Experiments also show that the rim is typically unstable in the spanwise direction and develops thicker and thinner parts that may grow into ``fingers''. Linear stability analysis as well as nonlinear numerical solutions are presented to investigate shape and growth rate of the rim instability. It is demonstrated that the difference in morphology and the rate at which the instability develops can be directly attributed to the magnitude of slippage. Finally, a derivation is given for the dominant wavelength of the bulges along the unstable rim.
Tightening the Spin-Orbit Angle Demographics of Hot Jupiters
Creators: name: Ahlers, John
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Exoplanets
Stellar Astrophysics

description: The angle between the stellar spin angular momentum and the planetary orbital angular momentum --- spin-orbit angle --- is one of the key parameters in understanding a planetary system's architecture and formation history. Traditionally, only a projected (or line of sight) version of this angle can be feasibly measured. A planet's true 3-D spin-orbit angle is more difficult to constrain; as such, only a handful of true spin-orbit angles have been determined to date. Our current research will significantly expand spin-orbit angle demographics by measuring true spin-orbit angles of hot Jupiters orbiting A/F-type stars observed by TESS, where spin-orbit misalignment is most common. We are measuring true spin-orbit angles using the gravity-darkening transit analysis technique, which applies specifically to high-mass, rapidly-rotating stars. With precision photometry from TESS, we have for the first time the opportunity to obtain true spin-orbit angles en masse in a straightforward and cost-effective way. Our team's proposed research will improve accessibility to studying planets transiting A/F stars, a subset that encompasses up to 40% of expected TESS planet discoveries. We will also measure valuable and difficult-to-obtain stellar parameters such as oblateness and effective temperature gradient, which will be necessary for future atmospheric studies of the selected planets.
description: {"references": ["Von Zeipel, H. \"The radiative equilibrium of a slightly oblate rotating star.\"\u00a0Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society\u00a084 (1924): 684-701.", "Monnier, John D., et al. \"Imaging the surface of Altair.\"\u00a0Science\u00a0317.5836 (2007): 342-345.", "Albrecht, Simon H., et al. \"A Preponderance of Perpendicular Planets.\"\u00a0arXiv preprint arXiv:2105.09327\u00a0(2021).", "Ahlers, John P., et al. \"KELT-9 b's Asymmetric TESS Transit Caused by Rapid Stellar Rotation and Spin\u2013Orbit Misalignment.\"\u00a0The Astronomical Journal\u00a0160.1 (2020): 4", "Ahlers, John P., et al. \"Gravity-darkening analysis of the misaligned hot Jupiter MASCARA-4 b.\"\u00a0The Astrophysical Journal\u00a0888.2 (2020): 63."]}
Dynamic formation of oriented patches in chondrocyte cell cultures
Creators: name: Grote, Marcus
name: Palumberi, Viviana
name: Wagner, Barbara
name: Barbero, Andrea
name: Martin, Ivan
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: cell alignment
subject: pattern formation
subject: stability
subject: integro-partial differential equations
subject: image processing
subject: 35R09
subject: 92C17
subject: 35B36
subject: 35B35

description: Growth factors have a significant impact not only on the growth dynamics but also on the phenotype of chondrocytes (Barbero et al. , J. Cell. Phys. 204, pp. 830-838, 2005). In particular, as chondrocyte populations approach confluence, the cells tend to align and form coherent patches. Starting from a mathematical model for fibroblast populations at equilibrium (Mogilner et al., Physica D 89, pp. 346-367, 1996), a dynamic continuum model with logistic growth is developed. Both linear stability analysis and numerical solutions of the time-dependent nonlinear integro-partial differential equation are used to identify the key parameters that lead to pattern formation in the model. The numerical results are compared quantitatively to experimental data by extracting statistical information on orientation, density and patch size through Gabor filters.
Scattering of plane elastic waves by three-dimensional diffraction gratings
Creators: name: Elschner, Johannes
name: Hu, Guanghui
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Elastic waves
subject: diffraction gratings
subject: Navier equation
subject: variational formulation
subject: 74J20
subject: 74B05
subject: 35J55
subject: 35B27

description: The reflection and transmission of a time-harmonic plane wave in an isotropic elastic medium by a three-dimensional diffraction grating is investigated. If the diffractive structure involves an impenetrable surface, we study the first, second, third and fourth kind boundary value problems for the Navier equation in an unbounded domain by the variational approach. Based on the Rayleigh expansions, a radiation condition for quasi-periodic solutions is proposed. Existence of solutions in Sobolev spaces is established if the grating profile is a two dimensional Lipschitz surface, while uniqueness is proved only for small frequencies or for all frequencies excluding a discrete set. Similar solvability results are obtained for multilayered transmission gratings in the case of an incident pressure wave. Moreover, by a periodic Rellich identity, uniqueness of the solution to the first kind (Dirichlet) boundary value problem is established for all frequencies under the assumption that the impenetrable surface is given by the graph of a Lipschitz function.
Dental disease and dietary patterns in coastal Phoenicia during the Roman period
Creators: name: Nikita, Efthymia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The current paper presents one of the first bioarchaeological studies on dental disease and dietary patterns in coastal Phoenicia during the Roman period, focusing on the dentition of 145 adults from the contemporary and geographically proximal sites of Byblos, Beirut, and Tyre. Pathological conditions of the oral cavity and dental wear were used to assess intra-assemblage and inter-assemblage differences. Byblos in almost all instances exhibited higher levels of dental diseases and wear than Beirut and Tyre, suggesting a greater consumption of carbohydrates but also poorer oral hygiene and greater mechanical stress (dental wear) in this community. This difference between Beirut/Tyre and Byblos may be explained by the politico-economic status of these cities as textual sources highlight the economic and political prowess of Beirut and Tyre due to their status as colonia. In addition, within each assemblage females generally exhibited higher caries (and associated periapical cavities and ante-mortem tooth loss) than males. Although dental caries may be linked to nondietary factors, these patterns may support a more cariogenic diet for females in agreement with literary accounts reciting gender-based divisions in Roman society, at least to the extent that these would manifest in dietary patterns. The findings from this study offer important insights into major and understudied communities along the Phoenician coast. Yet, further research is required, employing complementary methods (e.g., isotopic analysis and dental calculus microdebris) and including larger datasets of Roman Phoenician assemblages.
Effective Field Theory for Dilute Fermions with Pairing
Creators: name: Furnstahl, R. J.
name: Hammer, H. -W.
name: Puglia, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Effective field theory (EFT) methods for a uniform system of fermions with short-range, natural interactions are extended to include pairing correlations, as part of a program to develop a systematic Kohn-Sham density functional theory (DFT) for medium and heavy nuclei. An effective action formalism for local composite operators leads to a free-energy functional that includes pairing by applying an inversion method order by order in the EFT expansion. A consistent renormalization scheme is demonstrated for the uniform system through next-to-leading order, which includes induced-interaction corrections to pairing.
description: 31 pages, 10 figures, affiliation updated, paper unchanged
Stable models and reflexive Banach spaces
Creators: name: Jose╠ü  Iovino
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Abstract: "We show that a formula [phi](x,y) is stable if and only if [phi] is the pairing map on the unit ball of E x E*, where E is a reflexive Banach space. The result remains true if the formula [phi] is replaced by a set of formulas p(x╠ä,y╠ä)."
Interpretation of a Variable Reflection Nebula Associated with HBC 340 and HBC 341 in NGC 1333
Creators: name: Dahm, S. E.
name: Hillenbrand, L. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present multi-epoch, $R-$band imaging obtained from the Palomar Transient Factory of a small, fan-shaped reflection nebula in NGC 1333 that experiences prominent brightness fluctuations. Photometry of HBC 340 (K7e) and HBC 341 (M5e), a visual pair of late-type, young stellar objects lying near the apex of the nebula, demonstrates that while both are variable, the former has brightened by more than two magnitudes following a deep local minimum in September 2014. Keck high dispersion (R$\sim$45,000-66,000), optical spectroscopy of HBC 340 suggests that the protostar is a spectroscopic binary (HBC 340Aa + HBC 340Ab). Both HBC 340 and HBC 341 exhibit strong H$α$ and forbidden line emission, consistent with accretion and outflow. We conclude that the brightness fluctuations in the reflection nebula represent light echos produced by varying incident radiation emanating from HBC 340. The short-term variability observed in the protostar is attributed to irregular accretion activity, while correlated, dipping behavior on a several hundred day time scale may be due to eclipse-like events caused by orbiting circumstellar material. Archival Hubble Space Telescope imaging of the region reveals a second, faint (F814W$\sim$20.3 mag) companion to HBC 340 that lies 1.02" ($\sim$235 AU) east of the protostar. If associated, this probable substellar mass object (20-50 Jupiter masses), HBC 340B, is likely unrelated to the observed brightness variations. The sustained brightening of HBC 340 since late 2014 can be explained by an EXor-like outburst, the recovery from a long duration eclipse event caused by obscuring circumstellar dust, or by the gradual removal of extincting material from along the line of sight. Our analysis here favors one of the extinction scenarios.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal; 11 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables
Uncertainty quantification for the family-wise error rate in multivariate copula models
Creators: name: Stange, Jens
name: Bodnar, Taras
name: Dickhaus, Thorsten
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Delta method
subject: Gumbel-Hougaard copula
subject: multiple testing
subject: simultaneous test procedure
subject: subset pivotality
subject: 62J15
subject: 62F05
subject: 62F03

description: We derive confidence regions for the realized family-wise error rate (FWER) of certain multiple tests which are empirically calibrated at a given (global) level of significance. To this end, we regard the FWER as a derived parameter of a multivariate parametric copula model. It turns out that the resulting confidence regions are typically very much concentrated around the target FWER level, while generic multiple tests with fixed thresholds are in general not FWER-exhausting. Since FWER level exhaustion and optimization of power are equivalent for the classes of multiple test problems studied in this paper, the aforementioned findings militate strongly in favour of estimating the dependency structure (i. e., copula) and incorporating it in a multivariate multiple test procedure. We illustrate our theoretical results by considering two particular classes of multiple test problems of practical relevance in detail, namely, multiple tests for components of a mean vector and multiple support tests.
Additional file 1 of Developing the INCLUDE Ethnicity Framework—a tool to help trialists design trials that better reflect the communities they serve
Creators: name: Treweek, Shaun
name: Banister, Katie
name: Bower, Peter
name: Cotton, Seonaidh
name: Devane, Declan
name: Gardner, Heidi R.
name: Isaacs, Talia
name: Nestor, Gary
name: Oshisanya, Adepeju
name: Parker, Adwoa
name: Rochester, Lynn
name: Soulsby, Irene
name: Williams, Hywel
name: Witham, Miles D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Supplementary materials for paper published at ACII 2021 by Torre et al.
Creators: name: Torre, Ilaria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Artificial therapist
Smiling
Conversation Analysis
Automatic affect recognition

description: This file contains the scripts of the sentences spoken by the virtual agent in the paper "Exploring the Effects of Virtual Agents' Smiles on Human-Agent Interaction: A Mixed-Methods Study", published at the ACII 2021 conference.
Deficiency of `Thin' Stellar Bars in Seyfert Host Galaxies
Creators: name: Shlosman, Isaac
name: Peletier, Reynier F.
name: Knapen, Johan H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using all available major samples of Seyfert galaxies and their corresponding control samples of closely matched non-active galaxies, we find that the bar ellipticities (or axial ratios) in Seyfert galaxies are systematically different from those in non-active galaxies. Overall, there is a deficiency of bars with large ellipticities (i.e., `fat' or `weak' bars) in Seyferts, compared to non-active galaxies. Accompanied with a large dispersion due to small number statistics, this effect is strictly speaking at the `2sigma' level. To obtain this result, the active galaxy samples of near-infrared surface photometry were matched to those of normal galaxies in type, host galaxy ellipticity, absolute magnitude, and, to some extent, in redshift. We discuss possible theoretical explanations of this phenomenon within the framework of galactic evolution, and, in particular, of radial gas redistribution in barred galaxies. Our conclusions provide further evidence that Seyfert hosts differ systematically from their non-active counterparts on scales of a few kpc.
description: Astrophysical Journal Letters, in press. Latex, 2 postscript figures
Understanding digital period pedagogies: Exploring how young people navigate menstruation through embodied experience
Creators: name: Clark, Marianne
name: Southerton, Clare
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 3901
subject: Curriculum and pedagogy
classificationCode: 4206
subject: Public health

description: Objective: This paper examines the ways in which young people in Eastern Canada learn about menstruation and construct personal period pedagogies through embodied experiences and encounters with digital and social media. Design: A qualitative exploratory approach was undertaken to elicit the stories and voices of young people who menstruate. Menstruation is conceptualised as a deeply bio-social phenomenon and knowledge was understood as created, contested and negotiated across settings and contexts. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine university students (ages 19–23 years) in Eastern Canada as part of a pilot project informing a broader study about menstruation education and menstrual experiences. To be eligible for inclusion, participants were required to have experienced one menstrual cycle in the past 6 months and engaged with social media at least once per week. Setting: This project was conducted in a small University town in Maritime Canada. Results: Young people interviewed learned about menstruation through knowledges assembled from conversations family members and peers, educational and medical settings and content encountered on social and digital media. Three themes were developed from the analysis. The first two capture how young people actively try to ‘Fill in the Gaps’ left by conventional menstrual education approaches and therefore turn to informal and narrative knowledges circulating on social media in efforts to answer the question ‘Am I normal’. The third theme describes how participants actively ‘Balance Authority and Intimacy’ when seeking menstrual information that resonates with their embodied experiences. Conclusion: Substantial gaps exist in the menstrual knowledges available to young people, particularly in relation to the embodied and emotional dimensions of having and managing a period. Digital and social media have the capacity to contribute to personal period pedagogies by acknowledging and exploring aspects of menstruation not adequately addressed in other contexts.
Pseudogap regime of a two-dimensional uniform Fermi gas
Creators: name: Matsumoto, Morio
name: Hanai, Ryo
name: Inotani, Daisuke
name: Ohashi, Yoji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate pseudogap phenomena in a two-dimensional Fermi gas. Including pairing fluctuations within a self-consistent $T$-matrix approximation, we determine the pseudogap temperature $T^*$ below which a dip appears in the density of states $ρ(ω)$ around the Fermi level. Evaluating $T^*$, we identify the pseudogap region in the phase diagram of this system. We find that, while the observed BKT (Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless) transition temperature $T^{\rm exp}_{\rm BKT}$ in a $^6$Li Fermi gas is in the pseudogap regime, the detailed pseudogap structure in $ρ(ω)$ at $T^{\rm exp}_{\rm BKT}$ still differs from a fully-gapped one, indicating the importance of amplitude fluctuations in the Cooper channel there. Since the observed $T^{\rm exp}_{\rm BKT}$ in the weak-coupling regime cannot be explained by the recent BKT theory which only includes phase fluctuations, our results may provide a hint about how to improve this BKT theory. Although $ρ(ω)$ has not been measured in this system, we show that the assessment of our results is still possible by using the observable Tan's contact.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures
Reverse inequalities for slowly increasing sequences and functions
Creators: name: Stephan, Holger
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: reverse inequalities
subject: slowly increasing sequences
subject: slowly increasing functions
subject: 26D15
subject: 35A23

description: We consider sharp inequalities involving slowly increasing sequences and functions, i.e., functions $f(t)$ with $f'(t) leq 1$ and sequences $(a_i)$ with $a_i+1-a_i leq 1$. The inequalities are reverse to mean inequalities, for example. In the continuous case, integrals of powers are estimated by powers of integrals, whereas in the discrete case powers of sums are estimated by sums of powers of sums. The problem is connected with interpolation theory in Banach spaces, one of them $W^1,infty$.
Exact soliton solution of Spin Chain with a external magnetic field in linear wave background
Creators: name: Li, Qiu-Yan
name: Xie, Zheng-Wei
name: Li, Lu
name: Li, Z. D.
name: Liang, J. Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Employing a simple, straightforward Darboux transformation we construct exact N-soliton solution for anisotropic spin chain driven by a external magnetic field in linear wave background. As a special case the explicit one- and two-soliton solution dressed by the linear wave corresponding to magnon in quantum theory is obtained analytically and its property is discussed in detail. The dispersion law, effective soliton mass, and the energy of each soliton are investigated as well. Our result show that the stability criterion of soliton is related with anisotropic parameter and the amplitude of the linear wave.
description: 11 pages
Ground states and concentration phenomena for the fractional Schrödinger equation
Creators: name: Fall, Mouhamed Moustapha
name: Mahmoudi, Fethi
name: Valdinoci, Enrico
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fractional Laplacian
subject: ground states
subject: concentration phenomena
subject: uniqueness
subject: 35Q55
subject: 35R11
subject: 35B44
subject: 35B40
subject: 35J65
subject: 35J75

description: We consider here solutions of the nonlinear fractional Schrödinger equation. We show that concentration points must be critical points for the potential. We also prove that, if the potential is coercive and has a unique global minimum, then ground states concentrate suitably at such minimal point. In addition, if the potential is radial, then the minimizer is unique.
Additional file 2 of Developing the INCLUDE Ethnicity Framework—a tool to help trialists design trials that better reflect the communities they serve
Creators: name: Treweek, Shaun
name: Banister, Katie
name: Bower, Peter
name: Cotton, Seonaidh
name: Devane, Declan
name: Gardner, Heidi R.
name: Isaacs, Talia
name: Nestor, Gary
name: Oshisanya, Adepeju
name: Parker, Adwoa
name: Rochester, Lynn
name: Soulsby, Irene
name: Williams, Hywel
name: Witham, Miles D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 2.
A Concentration Inequality for Random Polytopes, Dirichlet-Voronoi Tiling Numbers and the Geometric Balls and Bins Problem
Creators: name: Hoehner, Steven
name: Kur, Gil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52A22 52A27 52C17 52C22

description: Our main contribution is a concentration inequality for the symmetric volume difference of a $ C^2 $ convex body with positive Gaussian curvature and a circumscribed random polytope with a restricted number of facets, for any probability measure on the boundary with a positive density function. We also show that the Dirichlet-Voronoi tiling numbers satisfy $ \text{div}_{n-1} = (2πe)^{-1}(n+\ln n) + O(1)$, which improves a classical result of Zador by a factor of $o(n)$. In addition, we provide a remarkable open problem which is the natural geometric generalization of the famous and fundamental "balls and bins" problem from probability. This problem is tightly connected to the optimality of random polytopes in high dimensions.
description: Typos, journal ref
The BPS Spectrum of N=2 SU(N) SYM and Parton Branes
Creators: name: Fiol, Bartomeu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply ideas that have appeared in the study of D-branes on Calabi-Yau compactifications to the derivation of the BPS spectrum of field theories. In particular, we identify an orbifold point whose fractional branes can be thought of as ``partons'' of the BPS spectrum of N=2 pure SU(N) SYM. We derive the BPS spectrum and lines of marginal stability branes near that orbifold, and compare our results with the spectrum of the field theories.
description: 29 pages, 4 figures, includes package diagrams.tex by Paul Taylor
Second-order analysis of a boundary control problem for the viscous Cahn--Hilliard equation with dynamic boundary condition
Creators: name: Colli, Pierluigi
name: Farshbaf Shaker, Mohammad Hassan
name: Gilardi, Gianni
name: Sprekels, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cahn--Hilliard equation
subject: dynamic boundary conditions
subject: phase separation
subject: singular potentials
subject: optimal control
subject: first and second order optimality conditions
subject: adjoint state system
subject: 35K55
subject: 35K50
subject: 82C26

description: In this paper we establish second-order sufficient optimality conditions for a boundary control problem that has been introduced and studied by three of the authors in the preprint arXiv:1407.3916. This control problem regards the viscous Cahn--Hilliard equation with possibly singular potentials and dynamic boundary conditions.
Lower bounding the Folkman numbers $F_v(a_1, ..., a_s; m - 1)$
Creators: name: Bikov, Aleksandar
name: Nenov, Nedyalko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For a graph $G$ the expression $G \overset{v}{\rightarrow} (a_1, ..., a_s)$ means that for every $s$-coloring of the vertices of $G$ there exists $i \in \{1, ..., s\}$ such that there is a monochromatic $a_i$-clique of color $i$. The vertex Folkman numbers $$F_v(a_1, ..., a_s; m - 1) = \min\{\vert V(G)\vert : G \overset{v}{\rightarrow} (a_1, ..., a_s) \mbox{ and } K_{m - 1} \not\subseteq G\}.$$ are considered, where $m = \sum_{i = 1}^{s}(a_i - 1) + 1$. We know the exact values of all the numbers $F_v(a_1, ..., a_s; m - 1)$ when $\max\{a_1, ..., a_s\} \leq 6$ and also the number $F_v(2, 2, 7; 8) = 20$. In \cite{BN15a} we present a method for obtaining lower bounds on these numbers. With the help of this method and a new improved algorithm, in the special case when $\max\{a_1, ..., a_s\} = 7$ we prove that $F_v(a_1, ..., a_s; m - 1) \geq m + 11$ and this bound is exact for all $m$. The known upper bound for these numbers is $m + 12$. At the end of the paper we also prove the lower bounds $19 \leq F_v(2, 2, 2, 4; 5)$ and $29 \leq F_v(7, 7; 8)$.