cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Obesity is Associated with Increased Prevalence of Glenohumeral Osteoarthritis and Arthroplasty
Creators: name: Wall, Kevin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Introduction: It is known that there is an association between higher body mass index (BMI) and lower extremity osteoarthritis (OA), but the presence of this degenerative disease in the shoulder remains relatively unknown. Adipokines, cytokines at increased concentrations in higher body mass index (BMI) individuals play a role in cartilage degeneration providing a plausible link between BMI and glenohumeral OA. We examined the association between BMI and the prevalence of glenohumeral OA and arthroplasty.Methods: This retrospective cohort study compared 596,874 age and gender matched patients across six BMI cohorts from a private payer database (Humana). The prevalence of glenohumeral OA was determined in each cohort, as was the standardized arthroplasty rates. Odds ratios were calculated for both OA and standardized arthroplasty rates by comparing thereference cohort, BMI < 19, cohort to the other five BMI cohorts.Results: Individuals in the five cohorts above the BMI < 19 level were all at increased odds of developing glenohumeral OA compared to those in the BMI < 19 cohort (OR range: 1.21 –1.92). Those in the three cohorts above BMI 30 were also at increased odds of undergoing arthroplasty (OR range: 1.19 – 1.52) compared with the reference standard. Conclusions: Patients with higher BMI are at increased odds of developing glenohumeral OA, despite the conventional belief that such an association is limited to hip and knee joints. Additionally, the previously unreported finding of an increased rate of arthroplasty performed on obese patients represents a novel source of a disproportionately high surgical burden among thissegment of the population.
LINNA: Likelihood Inference Neural Network Accelerator
Creators: name: To, Chun-Hao
name: Rozo, Eduardo
name: Krause, Elisabeth
name: Wu, Hao-Yi
name: Wechsler, Risa H.
name: Salcedo, Andrés N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bayesian posterior inference of modern multi-probe cosmological analyses incurs massive computational costs. For instance, depending on the combinations of probes, a single posterior inference for the Dark Energy Survey (DES) data had a wall-clock time that ranged from 1 to 21 days using a state-of-the-art computing cluster with 100 cores. These computational costs have severe environmental impacts and the long wall-clock time slows scientific productivity. To address these difficulties, we introduce LINNA: the Likelihood Inference Neural Network Accelerator. Relative to the baseline DES analyses, LINNA reduces the computational cost associated with posterior inference by a factor of 8--50. If applied to the first-year cosmological analysis of Rubin Observatory's Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST Y1), we conservatively estimate that LINNA will save more than US $\$300,000$ on energy costs, while simultaneously reducing $\rm{CO}_2$ emission by $2,400$ tons. To accomplish these reductions, LINNA automatically builds training data sets, creates neural network surrogate models, and produces a Markov chain that samples the posterior. We explicitly verify that LINNA accurately reproduces the first-year DES (DES Y1) cosmological constraints derived from a variety of different data vectors with our default code settings, without needing to retune the algorithm every time. Further, we find that LINNA is sufficient for enabling accurate and efficient sampling for LSST Y10 multi-probe analyses. We make LINNA publicly available at https://github.com/chto/linna, to enable others to perform fast and accurate posterior inference in contemporary cosmological analyses.
description: 21 pages, 12 figures, submitted to JCAP, comments are welcome
Upstream Policy Changes to Improve Population Health and Health Equity: A Priority Agenda
Creators: name: Ray, Rashawn
name: Lantz, Paula M.
name: Williams, David
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2023
Subjects: health equity
policy
population health
race
racism

description: POLICY POINTS: Upstream factors—social structures/systems, cultural factors, and pub-lic policy—are primary forces that drive downstream patterns and in-equities in health that are observed across race and locations. A public policy agenda that aims to address inequities related to thewell-being of children, creation and perpetuation of residential segre-gation, and racial segregation can address upstream factors. Past successes and failures provide a blueprint for addressing upstreamhealth issues and inhibit health equity.
Reducing the burden of cardiovascular disease and its risk factors in Navajo population through food stores on Navajo Nation
Creators: name: Khan, Kiran
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its risk factors are increasing at an alarming rate among the adult Navajo population, who are also suffering from the rising challenge of food insecurity. Changes over the past few decades in the food environment of Navajo population, and their increasing consumption of unhealthy foods and beverages link to the prevalence of CVDs. It is of urgent public health concern to address the burden of CVDs among the Navajo population, as inaction can lead to worsening morbidity, mortality and healthcare costs in decades to come. Access to healthier food options is the first and foremost area where bringing a change in the health environment, can improve outcomes for CVDs. Navajo Nation, on account of being a food desert, faces significant barriers to the availability of healthy food and beverage options. Food policy development process for Navajo Nation is an interplay among federal, state and tribal laws. For the Navajo Nation, interventions to reduce the burden of CVD and its risk factors are best suited at the community level as cultural contexts will need to be included and it will be important to gain the support of local leaders and elders. A community level intervention for the Navajo Nation will not only help improve overall health by influencing societal norms towards healthy behavior but will also be strengthening the community mediating structures towards tailored health policy development. This paper proposes adopting a policy intervention at the community level which will lead to behavior modification towards healthy eating and reduce risk of CVDs and its risk factors among Navajo population. The proposed intervention is increasing the number of food stores on Navajo Nation and providing healthy food and beverage choices in food stores of all sizes along with nutrition education, through provision of small business loans to local entrepreneurs.
Long-Distance Entanglement of Spin Qubits via Quantum Hall Edge States
Creators: name: Yang, Guang
name: Hsu, Chen-Hsuan
name: Stano, Peter
name: Klinovaja, Jelena
name: Loss, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The implementation of a functional quantum computer involves entangling and coherent manipulation of a large number of qubits. For qubits based on electron spins confined in quantum dots, which are among the most investigated solid-state qubits at present, architectural challenges are often encountered in the design of quantum circuits attempting to assemble the qubits within the very limited space available. Here, we provide a solution to such challenges based on an approach to realizing entanglement of spin qubits over long distances. We show that long-range Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida interaction of confined electron spins can be established by quantum Hall edge states, leading to an exchange coupling of spin qubits. The coupling is anisotropic and can be either Ising-type or XY-type, depending on the spin polarization of the edge state. Such a property, combined with the dependence of the electron spin susceptibility on the chirality of the edge state, can be utilized to gain valuable insights into the topological nature of various quantum Hall states.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures
title: Celiac sprue : classical patterns in MDCT
Creators: name: Kala, Prachi
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Small bowel
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Inflammation

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Learning objectives Because of the varied presentation of the celiac disease CT plays critical role not only in establishing diagnosis but also helps in excluding other conditions with similar clinical presentation. Improved CT resolution and newer...
Solvent-Free Electrolyte for High-Temperature Rechargeable Lithium Metal Batteries
Creators: name: Phan, An L.
name: Jayawardana, Chamithri
name: Le, Phung ML
name: Zhang, Jiaxun
name: Nan, Bo
name: Zhang, Weiran
name: Lucht, Brett L.
name: Hou, Singyuk
name: Wang, Chunsheng
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2023
Subjects: electrolytes
eutectic
high-temperature
Li metal batteries
molten salts

description: The formation of lithiophobic inorganic solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on Li anode and cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) on the cathode is beneficial for high-voltage Li metal batteries. However, in most liquid electrolytes, the decomposition of organic solvents inevitably forms organic components in the SEI and CEI. In addition, organic solvents often pose substantial safety risks due to their high volatility and flammability. Herein, an organic-solvent-free eutectic electrolyte based on low-melting alkali perfluorinated-sulfonimide salts is reported. The exclusive anion reduction on Li anode surface results in an inorganic, LiF-rich SEI with high capability to suppress Li dendrite, as evidenced by the high Li plating/stripping CE of 99.4% at 0.5 mA cm−2 and 1.0 mAh cm−2, and 200-cycle lifespan of full LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 (2.0 mAh cm−2) || Li (20 µm) cells at 80 °C. The proposed eutectic electrolyte is promising for ultrasafe and high-energy Li metal batteries.
Infrared appearance of wind-blown bubbles around young massive stars
Creators: name: Kirsanova, Maria S.
name: Pavlyuchenkov, Yaroslav N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thousands of ring-like bubbles appear on infrared images of the Galaxy plane. Most of these infrared bubbles form during expansion of HII regions around massive stars. However, the physical effects that determine their morphology are still under debate. Namely, the absence of the infrared emission toward the centres of the bubbles can be explained by pushing the dust grains by stellar radiation pressure. At the same time, small graphite grains and PAHs are not strongly affected by the radiation pressure and must be removed by another process. Stellar ultraviolet emission can destroy the smallest PAHs but the photodestruction is ineffective for the large PAHs. Meanwhile, the stellar wind can evacuate all types of grains from HII regions. In the frame of our chemo-dynamical model we vary parameters of the stellar wind and illustrate their influence on the morphology and synthetic infrared images of the bubbles.
description: 6 pages, Proceedings IAU Symposium #362
British Gallup Poll CQ 893
Creators: name: Social Surveys (Gallup Poll) Limited
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2013

description: Government approval (1); Margaret Thatcher job performance (1); Neil Kinnock job performance (1); David Steel job performance (1); David Owen job performance (1); party support (1); June 1983 General Election (2); confidence in U.S. world problems (1); U.S. policies past year (1); Russian policies past year (1); U.S. nuclear weapons in Europe peace (1); cruise missiles in Britain support (1); Spain, Portugal joining European Economic Community support (4); Spain joining North Atlantic Treaty Organization support (2); Spanish government (1); reasonable point of view for Spaniards to be reluctant to join NATO without joining EEC as well (1); Spain's democracy rating (1); Britain's democracy rating (1); knowledge of political leaders (1); political leaders ratings (1); video cassette recorder (2); full employment (1); wearing face mask on job (6); amount of cards and letters sent (4); agreement with statements about letter/card sending (10); advertising for social letters/greeting cards (4).
Transport coefficients of heavy baryons
Creators: name: Tolos, Laura
name: Torres-Rincon, Juan M.
name: Das, Santosh K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the transport coefficients (drag and momentum diffusion) of the low-lying heavy baryons $Λ_c$ and $Λ_b$ in a medium of light mesons formed at the later stages of high-energy heavy-ion collisions. We employ the Fokker-Planck approach to obtain the transport coefficients from unitarized baryon-meson interactions based on effective field theories that respect chiral and heavy-quark symmetries. We provide the transport coefficients as a function of temperature and heavy-baryon momentum, and analyze the applicability of certain nonrelativistic estimates. Moreover we compare our outcome for the spatial diffusion coefficient to the one coming from the solution of the Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck transport equation and we find a very good agreement between both calculations. The transport coefficients for $Λ_c$ and $Λ_b$ in a thermal bath will be used in a subsequent publication as input in a Langevin evolution code for the generation and propagation of heavy particles in heavy-ion collisions at LHC and RHIC energies.
description: 26 pages, 12 figures. Title changed. Small additions and corrections. Version accepted for publication by Physical Review D journal
title: Differential Diagnosis of Solitary Breast Mass by MR Imaging, According to BI-RADS MRI and Lesion Size.
Creators: name: Kawai, Makiko
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: Breast

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Breast MRI is considered as an imaging tool of highest sensitivity in detection of breast lesions. In: ACR (American College of Radiology) Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) lexicon are becoming widely used to characterize lesions on...
The Native Health Initiative’s Hip Hop and Health Approach: Social Justice Hustlers and Community Generated Youth Empowerment
Creators: name: Malik, Sophia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The Native Health Initiative (NHI) is a partnership between Indigenous communities and health profession students. NHI uses community asset identification and support to address health inequities. This work is done with an approach called “loving service” which means that relationships and humanity are the starting point for all efforts, rather than funding being the seed for change. A major purpose of NHI’s work is youth empowerment. One of the tools used towards youth empowerment are youth project grants. The Positively Hip Hop Grant component of NHI’s youth empowerment programs began in 2012. The creation and success of this grant program works as an example of Positive Youth Development in action. More importantly, this program has recognized that when youth can identify with, be knowledgeable about, and live their cultural tradition, religion, and ceremonies, they have attained a strong yet often unrecognized positive predictive health determinant. This paper describes the program plan and evaluation strategies for NHI’s youth empowerment programs, with a focus on the Hip-hop and culturally focused activities.
Tracking Changes in Vegetation Structure Following Fire in the Cerrado Biome Using ICESat-2
Creators: name: Konduri, Venkata Shashank
name: Morton, Douglas C.
name: Andela, Niels
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2023

description: Fires mediate grass and tree competition and alter vegetation structure in savanna ecosystems, with important implications for regional carbon, water, and energy fluxes. However, direct observations of how fire frequency influences vegetation structure and post-fire recovery have been limited to small experimental field studies. Here, we combined lidar-derived canopy height and canopy cover from NASA's Ice, Cloud, and land Elevation Satellite-2 with over two decades of burned area data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer sensors to provide the first biome-wide estimates of post-fire changes in canopy structure for major vegetation types in the Cerrado (Brazil). Mean canopy height decreased with increasing burn frequency for all natural cover types, with the greatest decline observed for forests and savannas. The ability to separate changes in fractional canopy cover from height growth using lidar data highlighted the long-time scales of vegetation recovery in forests and savannas after fire. For forests in medium and high precipitation areas, canopy cover returned to unburned values within 5 years following fire, whereas mean canopy height remained below unburned values, even in the oldest fires (14–20 years). Recovery times increased with decreasing rainfall, with average values of both fractional cover and canopy height below unburned areas after 14–20 years for savannas. We observed gradual recovery of vegetation height and cover over decades, even in mesic or wet savanna regions like the Cerrado. Infrequent fire activity, particularly in areas with greater land management, influences ecosystem structure across the biome, with important consequences for biodiversity conservation.
Entropy-Stable Gauss Collocation Methods for Ideal Magneto-Hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Rueda-Ramírez, Andrés M
name: Hindenlang, Florian J
name: Chan, Jesse
name: Gassner, Gregor J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we present an entropy-stable Gauss collocation discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method on 3D curvilinear meshes for the GLM-MHD equations: the single-fluid magneto-hydrodynamics (MHD) equations with a generalized Lagrange multiplier (GLM) divergence cleaning mechanism. For the continuous entropy analysis to hold and to ensure Galilean invariance in the divergence cleaning technique, the GLM-MHD system requires the use of non-conservative terms. Traditionally, entropy-stable DG discretizations have used a collocated nodal variant of the DG method, also known as the discontinuous Galerkin spectral element method (DGSEM) on Legendre-Gauss-Lobatto (LGL) points. Recently, Chan et al. ("Efficient Entropy Stable Gauss Collocation Methods". SIAM -2019) presented an entropy-stable DGSEM scheme that uses Legendre-Gauss points (instead of LGL points) for conservation laws. Our main contribution is to extend the discretization technique of Chan et al. to the non-conservative GLM-MHD system. We provide a numerical verification of the entropy behavior and convergence properties of our novel scheme on 3D curvilinear meshes. Moreover, we test the robustness and accuracy of our scheme with a magneto-hydrodynamic Kelvin-Helmholtz instability problem. The numerical experiments suggest that the entropy-stable DGSEM on Gauss points for the GLM-MHD system is more accurate than the LGL counterpart.
Central projections of auditory nerve fibers in the western rat snake (Pantherophis obsoletus)
Creators: name: Han, Dawei
name: Carr, Catherine E.
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2023
Subjects: auditory
cochlear nerve
cochlear nuclei
immunohistochemistry
reptile
snake
tract tracing

description: Despite the absence of tympanic middle ears, snakes can hear. They are thought to primarily detect substrate vibration via connections between the lower jaw and the inner ear. We used the western rat snake (Pantherophis obsoletus) to determine how vibration is processed in the brain. We measured vibration-evoked potential recordings to reveal sensitivity to low-frequency vibrations. We then used tract tracing combined with immunohistochemistry and Nissl staining to describe the central projections of the papillar branch of the VIIIth nerve. Applications of biotinylated dextran amine to the basilar papilla (homologous to the organ of Corti of mammals) labeled bouton-like terminals in two first-order cochlear nuclei, a rostrolateral nucleus angularis (NA) and a caudomedial nucleus magnocellularis (NM). NA formed a distinct dorsal eminence, consisted of heterogenous cell types, and was parvalbumin positive. NM was smaller and poorly separated from the surrounding vestibular nuclei. NM was distinguished by positive calbindin label and included fusiform and round cells. Thus, the atympanate western rat snake shares similar first-order projections to tympanate reptiles. Auditory pathways may be used for detecting vibration, not only in snakes but also potentially in atympanate early tetrapods.
COMPHACRISIS: The Story of a Grant
Creators: name: Hosseini, Mina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: MSCA
Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions
postdoctoral fellowship
COMPHACRISIS
career development
UCD Sutherland School of Law
Horizon Europe
competition law
COVID-19

description: Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions (MSCA) is recognised globally as one of the most prestigious and competitive postdoctoral fellowships, focusing on mobility, career development, and knowledge transfer. Dr Mina Hosseini is conducting COMPHACRISIS on EU competition law and policy in the pharmaceutical sector (before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic) at UCD Sutherland School of Law under the supervision of Professor Imelda Maher. In her presentation at Work Smarter Together (23-03-2023) at UCD, Mina shared some tips and tricks for developing ideas, structuring the draft, identifying weaknesses, and submitting a successful grant application. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon Europe MSCA programme under grant agreement No. 101061575
High gradients at SRF photoinjector cavities with low RRR copper cathode plug screwed to the cavity back wall
Creators: name: Vogel, Elmar
name: Sekutowicz, J.
name: Bazyl, D.
name: Büttner, T.
name: van der Horst, B.
name: Iversen, J.
name: Klinke, D.
name: Muhs, A.
name: Reschke, D.
name: Sägebarth, S.
name: Schilling, Patrick
name: Schmökel, M.
name: Steder, L.
name: Thie, J.-H.
name: Weise, H.
name: Wiencek, M.
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2023

description: In recent years we increased the typical maximum peak field on axis gradients obtained in L-band superconducting RF (SRF) photoinjector cavities at vertical tests to around 55 MV/m. This was achieved with niobium cathode plugs directly screwed to the cavity back wall omitting an RF choke filter and a load lock system for cathodes. Copper demonstrated being a suitable cathode material in normal conducting injector cavities used at X-Ray Free Electron Lasers (XFELs) operating with pulsed RF. In this article we present the first experimental confirmation that peak field on axis gradients around 55 MV/m and beyond can be achieved in L-band SRF photoinjector cavities with copper cathode plugs screwed to the cavity back wall. We view this as a major milestone for the development of a high gradient photoinjector operating continuous wave (CW).
British Gallup Poll CQ 895
Creators: name: Social Surveys (Gallup Poll) Limited
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2013

description: Government approval (1); Margaret Thatcher job performance (1); Neil Kinnock job performance (1); David Steel job performance (1); David Owen job performance (1); party support (1); June 1983 General Election (2); economic development (2); price changes (1); personal financial situation development (2); time to buy (1); ability to make ends meet (1); future unemployment (1); comparative cost of living (1); comparative spending (1); future savings likelihood (1); good time to save (1); U.S. in world problems (1); U.S. policies past year (1); Russian policies past year (1); U.S. nuclear weapons in Europe peace (1); Cruise missiles in Britain support (1); video cassette recorders and tapes (9); knowledge of travel companies (2); ads for Tjareborg (2); vacation habits (5); Reader's Digest buying (6); last time you looked at Reader's Digest (1); top Reader's Digest articles (4); hi-fi video or a television costing 50-30 or more pounds (1); knowledge of hi-fi video or televisions (2); hi-fi video or televisions ads (2); foreign traveling (2).
Synthetic mucus biomaterials for antimicrobial peptide delivery
Creators: name: Yang, Sydney
name: Duncan, Gregg A.
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2023
Subjects: antimicrobial peptides
biomaterials
hydrogel
mucin

description: Despite the promise of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as treatments for antibiotic-resistant infections, their therapeutic efficacy is limited due to the rapid degradation and low bioavailability of AMPs. To address this, we have developed and characterized a synthetic mucus (SM) biomaterial capable of delivering LL37 AMPs and enhancing their therapeutic effect. LL37 is an AMP that exhibits a wide range of antimicrobial activity against bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa. LL37 loaded SM hydrogels demonstrated controlled release with 70%–95% of loaded LL37 over 8 h due to charge-mediated interactions between mucins and LL37 AMPs. Compared to treatment with LL37 alone where antimicrobial activity was reduced after 3 h, LL37-SM hydrogels inhibited P. aeruginosa (PAO1) growth over 12 h. LL37-SM hydrogel treatment reduced PAO1 viability over 6 h whereas a rebound in bacterial growth was observed when treated with LL37 only. These data demonstrate LL37-SM hydrogels enhance antimicrobial activity by preserving LL37 AMP activity and bioavailability. Overall, this work establishes SM biomaterials as a platform for enhanced AMP delivery for antimicrobial applications.
title: Differentiation of clear renal cell carcinoma and papillary renal carcinoma using 320-slice dynamic volume CT perfusion
Creators: name: Chen, Chao
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Cancer

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To compare various CT perfusion features of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (clear cell RCC) with those of papillary renal cell carcinoma (papillary...
Pew Research Center Poll # 2005-11NAT: Global Attitudes Project--Spring 2005 11 Nation Surveys
Creators: name: Pew Research Center
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2007

description: "Ladder of Life" (3); satisfaction with direction of the country (1); opinion of other countries/groups (11); other countries opinions of survey country (1); spread of U.S. ideas/customs around the world (3); reason for unfavorable view of the U.S. (1); U.S. international policy decision-making (1); U.S.-led efforts against terrorism (1); opinion of the U.S. due to recent events (4); religiosity of U.S. (1); characteristics associated with Americans (7); world military superpowers (2); Turkey becoming member of the E.U. (1); immigration (5); religious violence (2); Muslim assimilation into survey country (1); ban on the wearing of head scarves by Muslims in some countries (2); strength of Muslims sense of Islamic identity (3); worries about Islamic identity (2); concern about Islamic extremism (2); confidence in political leaders (4); democracy vs. strong leadership (1); good democracy vs. strong economy (1); use of military force against Iraq (2); removal of Saddam Hussein from power (1); January elections in Iraq (1); U.S. military effort in Iraq (2); emotional involvement in the news from Iraq (1); recommended country to live in to lead good life (1); U.S.-Western European partnership (2); most trusted country to stop killings of innocent people by foreign armies/tribes/police (1); most trusted country to protect the environment (1); Chinas growing economy (1); Chinas military power (1); most influential country on U.S. foreign policy (1); importance of religion in life (1); George W. Bush job performance (1); vote in 2004 Presidential election (2); computer usage (1); use of the internet to send/receive e-mail (1).
Accurate non-covalent interaction energies via an efficient MP2 scaling procedure
Creators: name: Fabiano, E.
name: Della Sala, F.
name: Grabowski, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the observed proportionality of CCSD(T) and MP2 correlation interaction energies [I. Grabowski, E. Fabiano, F. Della Sala, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 15, 15485 (2013)] we propose a simple scaling procedure to compute accurate interaction energies of non-covalent complexes. Our method makes use of MP2 and CCSD(T) correlation energies, computed in relatively small basis sets, and fitted scaling coefficients to yield interaction energies of almost complete basis set limit CCSD(T) quality. Thanks to the good transferability of the scaling coefficients involved in the calculations, good results can be easily obtained for different intermolecular distances.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Psychological Harms of Screening for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review
Creators: name: Coletti, Russell
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Abstract Background: Recommendations for screening for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) are based on evidence containing large amounts of uncertainty regarding the relative benefits and harms of screening. Evidence is particularly scarce about the potential psychological harms. Objective: This systematic review examines the literature to determine what is currently known about the psychological harms of screening for T2DM. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and reference lists of published literature were searched for English-language studies published up until April 5th, 2013. Studies assessing psychological outcomes for at least one screened group within 3 years of screening were included. Data from included studies were extracted and strength of evidence was assessed for each psychological outcome. Results: Out of 4,435 search results, 14 articles were included. Screening produces a dose-dependent effect on levels of anxiety and worry shortly after testing. A diagnosis of screen-detected diabetes is associated with higher cognitive distress as well as thought intrusiveness. Depression appears to be associated with treatment of screen-detected diabetes, but not the actual screening test or diagnosis itself. Screening appears to have no effect on general psychological quality of life or negative well-being. Overall strength of evidence is low due to the few number fair of studies assessing each outcome. Conclusion: Overall, the available literature is insufficient to say with high certainty that screening for T2DM results in meaningful psychological harm, though the included studies hint that screening is not entirely benign.
The policy response to global value chain disruption
Creators: name: Dadush, Uri
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2023

description: This article considers how policymakers should react to the disruption of Global Value Chains, which became dramatically evident during the pandemic. It argues that repeated shocks to GVCs, as seen in recent years, are not purely random and disjointed events. They are the result of fundamental shifts in the geopolitical environment, global economy, and climate. Firms have concluded that international supply chains have become endemically riskier, and this is changing their risk/efficiency calculus. But there is no reason and – so far – little evidence to suggest that GVCs will stage a large-scale retreat. Powerful economic forces are at work that will prompt increased reliance on GVCs and improve their operability in the future. Governments tend to overreact when faced with supply shocks, and unnecessarily impede GVCs; more nuanced and coordinated responses are needed. The WTO can play an important role, promoting the resilience of GVCs.
Pew Research Center Poll: January 2010 Omnibus Survey
Creators: name: Pew Research Center
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2010

description: Barack Obama job performance (1); Dow Jones Industrial Average (1); attempted bombing on Christmas Day (1); American military fatalities (1); unemployment rate (1); country holding U.S. government debt (1); Senators needed to break filibuster (1); Republican Senators voting on health care reform (1); oil consumption (1); majority leader of the U.S. Senate (1); chairperson of Republican National Committee (1); Stephen Colbert (1); women in Supreme Court (1); following news about Haiti earthquake (1); Obama administration handling Haiti (1); Government handling Haiti (1); News source for Haiti earthquake (1); television news source (1); website news source (1); Alternate communication (3); donation to Haiti earthquake aid (1); donating to charity (2); method of donation (2).
Particle Formation and Ordering in Strongly Correlated Fermionic Systems: Solving a Model of Quantum Chromodynamics
Creators: name: Azaria, P.
name: Konik, R. M.
name: Lecheminant, Ph.
name: Palmai, T.
name: Takacs, G.
name: Tsvelik, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study a (1+1)-dimensional version of the famous Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD2) both at zero and finite hadron density. We use non-perturbative techniques (non-Abelian bosonization and Truncated Conformal Space Approach). At zero density we describe a formation of fermion three-quark (nucleons and $Δ$-baryons) and boson (two-quark mesons, six-quark deuterons) bound states and also a formation of a topologically nontrivial phase. At finite hadron density, the model has a rich phase diagram which includes phases with density wave and superfluid quasi-long-range (QLR) order and also a phase of a baryon Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid (strange metal). The QLR order results as a condensation of scalar mesons (the density wave) or six-quark bound states (deuterons).
description: 31 pages, pdflatex file, 7 figures; typos corrected, the version from Phys. Rev. D
Pew Research Center Poll: March 2010 Political Survey
Creators: name: Pew Research Center
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2010

description: Barack Obama job performance (1); direction of country (1); impression of Congress (1); Congressional parties job performance (2); Obama handling certain issues (4); Obama's traits (4); Obama eliciting certain feelings (4); parties working together to handle issues (2); party with higher standards (1); gun ownership (1): economic conditions (1): economic recovery (1); personal financial situation (2); economic issues (1): healthcare reform (3); cost of health care (2); health care coverage (1); employment (2); job opportunities (1); unemployment (1); experiences over past year (7); possible experiences over next year (5); local gun enforcement laws (1); War in Afghanistan (2): War in Iraq (2); census (17); marijuana (6).
Numerical Study of the Roberge-Weiss Transition
Creators: name: Bornyakov, V. G.
name: Gerasimeniuk, N. V.
name: Goy, V. A.
name: Korneev, A. A.
name: Molochkov, A. V.
name: Nakamura, A.
name: Rogalyov, R. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Roberge-Weiss phase transition numerically. The phase transition is associated with the discontinuities in the quark-number density at specific values of imaginary quark chemical potential. We parameterize the quark number density $ρ_q$ by the polynomial fit function to compute the canonical partition functions. We demonstrate that this approach provides a good framework for analyzing lattice QCD data at finite density and a high temperature. We show numerically that at high temperature, the Lee-Yang zeros lie on the negative real semi-axis provided that the high-quark-number contributions to the grand canonical partition function are taken into account. These Lee-Yang zeros have nonzero linear density, which signals the Roberge-Weiss phase transition. We demonstrate that this density agrees with the quark density discontinuity at the transition line.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures; Fig.1, Fig.4 improved, typos corrected, discussion of statistical errors added
title: Subacromial impingement – anatomy, clinical presentation and novel treatment using high volume image guided injection
Creators: name: Madani, Hardi
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Treatment effects
subject: Arthrography
subject: Athletic injuries

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: 1. We will review the radiological anatomy and function of the subacromial space and its contents and clinical presentations. 2. We will discuss in detail the different theories behind subacromial impingement and propose adhesions as the cause of...
Incorporating multidimensional behavior into a risk management tool for a critically endangered and migratory species
Creators: name: Barbour, Nicole
name: Shillinger, George L.
name: Gurarie, Eliezer
name: Hoover, Aimee L.
name: Gaspar, Philippe
name: Temple-Boyer, Julien
name: Candela, Tony
name: Fagan, William F.
name: Bailey, Helen
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2023
Subjects: biotelemetry
ecological risk management
hidden Markov models
leatherback turtle
migratory species
multidimensional behavior
biotelemetría
comportamiento multidimensional
especie migratoria
gestión de riesgos ecológicos
modelos ocultos de Markov
tortuga laúd

description: Conservation of migratory species exhibiting wide-ranging and multidimensional behaviors is challenged by management efforts that only utilize horizontal movements or produce static spatial–temporal products. For the deep-diving, critically endangered eastern Pacific leatherback turtle, tools that predict where turtles have high risks of fisheries interactions are urgently needed to prevent further population decline. We incorporated horizontal–vertical movement model results with spatial–temporal kernel density estimates and threat data (gear-specific fishing) to develop monthly maps of spatial risk. Specifically, we applied multistate hidden Markov models to a biotelemetry data set (n = 28 leatherback tracks, 2004–2007). Tracks with dive information were used to characterize turtle behavior as belonging to 1 of 3 states (transiting, residential with mixed diving, and residential with deep diving). Recent fishing effort data from Global Fishing Watch were integrated with predicted behaviors and monthly space-use estimates to create maps of relative risk of turtle–fisheries interactions. Drifting (pelagic) longline fishing gear had the highest average monthly fishing effort in the study region, and risk indices showed this gear to also have the greatest potential for high-risk interactions with turtles in a residential, deep-diving behavioral state. Monthly relative risk surfaces for all gears and behaviors were added to South Pacific TurtleWatch (SPTW) (https://www.upwell.org/sptw), a dynamic management tool for this leatherback population. These modifications will refine SPTW's capability to provide important predictions of potential high-risk bycatch areas for turtles undertaking specific behaviors. Our results demonstrate how multidimensional movement data, spatial–temporal density estimates, and threat data can be used to create a unique conservation tool. These methods serve as a framework for incorporating behavior into similar tools for other aquatic, aerial, and terrestrial taxa with multidimensional movement behaviors.
title: Imaging Assessment of the oral cavity prior to radical chemoradiotherapy or bone marrow transplantation: What the oncologist needs to know
Creators: name: Rice, Scott
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Education and training
subject: Cancer
subject: Radiation therapy / Oncology
subject: Complications
subject: Chemotherapy
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Cone beam CT
subject: Oncology
subject: Ear / Nose / Throat
subject: Anatomy

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The purpose of this educational exhibit is: To demonstratethe radiological features of disease in the oral cavity that may delay or require termination of oncological therapy; To identify the long-term oralcomplications of contemporary oncological...
The Use of Design Thinking to Address Health Access for Refugees with Chronic Health Conditions Living in the US
Creators: name: Lesnar, Breanne
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: The United States (US) is home to a sizable refugee population. Refugees in the US face a number of health challenges unique to their lived experiences of disenfranchisement and trauma. The factors affecting refugee health interact in complicated ways, leading to the characterization of refugee access to health as a complex problem. Complex problems cannot be solved by traditional, blueprint approaches. Instead, innovative methods must be used. This paper proposes and illustrates the application of design thinking for addressing the issue of access to health for Burmese refugee women living in Chapel Hill/Carrboro, North Carolina. Design thinking is a user-centric process for creating solutions that are viable, feasible, and desirable. Design thinking has shown success in a number of fields for inspiring innovation and empowering communities, yet it remains largely unexploited in the community health setting. Design thinking offers a promising approach for public health practitioners seeking to improve population health while maximizing resources.
Pew Research Center Poll: April 2010 Political and Future Survey
Creators: name: Pew Research Center
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2010

description: Barack Obama job performance (1); direction of country (1); Obama handling certain issues (6); Obama's foreign policy (1); economic conditions (2); America's 'haves' and 'have nots' (1); designating self as 'have' or 'have not' (1); party to handle certain issues (6); leader of the Republican party (1); Israeli-Palestinian dispute (1); Obama handling Israeli-Palestinian dispute (1); Obama handling nuclear weapons policy (4); economic situation affecting job situation (1); loans to financial institutions helping economic crisis (1); progress in fixing financial crisis (1); ideology of Supreme Court (2); Obama's Supreme Court nominations (2); reactions to particular words (9); optimistic about future (2); standard of living (1); likely occurrences in United States (8); oceans in 40 years (1); increased population (1): strengthening economy through immigration (1); occurrences within next 40 years (28).
Ab initio calculations of reactions with light nuclei
Creators: name: Quaglioni, S.
name: Hupin, G.
name: Calci, A.
name: Navratil, P.
name: Roth, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An {\em ab initio} (i.e., from first principles) theoretical framework capable of providing a unified description of the structure and low-energy reaction properties of light nuclei is desirable to further our understanding of the fundamental interactions among nucleons, and provide accurate predictions of crucial reaction rates for nuclear astrophysics, fusion-energy research, and other applications. In this contribution we review {\em ab initio} calculations for nucleon and deuterium scattering on light nuclei starting from chiral two- and three-body Hamiltonians, obtained within the framework of the {\em ab initio} no-core shell model with continuum. This is a unified approach to nuclear bound and scattering states, in which square-integrable energy eigenstates of the $A$-nucleon system are coupled to $(A-a)+a$ target-plus-projectile wave functions in the spirit of the resonating group method to obtain an efficient description of the many-body nuclear dynamics both at short and medium distances and at long ranges.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics
Remote control of spin polarization of topological corner states
Creators: name: Zhou, Yinong
name: Wu, Ruqian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In two-dimensional higher-order topological insulators, the corner states are separated by a non-negligible distance. The crystalline symmetries protect the robustness of their corner states with long-range entanglement, which are robust against time-reversal breaking perturbations. Here, we demonstrate the possibility of direct control of the topological corner states by introducing the spin degree of freedom in a rhombus-shaped Kekulé nanostructure with local magnetization and local electric potential. By applying a local magnetization on one corner, the other corner can also be strongly spin polarized. By further applying a local electric potential at the same corner, the sign of the spin polarization can be reversed at both corners. We demonstrate the material realization in a $γ$-graphyne nanostructure with Mn adsorption and Si replacement at one corner by using the first-principles calculations. Our studies give a showcase of the remote correlation of quantum states in higher-order topological materials for spintronic and quantum applications.