cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Platanthera chlorantha Rchb.
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: P.chlorantha (Custer) Rchb. (P.montana Rchb. f.) Cat. 338. Obere Höhengrenze festzustellen. l: Chalavornayres-Lac de Tanay, etwa 1200m (Gsell); Vionnaz-Revereulaz (Marietan); zwischen Troistorrents und«LesPres» (Villaret); Bonavau ob Champery (Pugsley); Les Gietes; Bois Noir; Evionnaz (alles: Marietan); Ravoire (F.). - 2:Foret de Tourbillon bei Ovronnaz; Les Verines ob Chamoson;Saviese,mehrfach,bis1300m;ob Ayent; Tal der Ertenze (alles: Marietan); Montana - La Chaux (Knetsch); beim Weiler Naters-Bitsch (Marietan). - 3:Champex (Miller); Val d'Anniviers, mehrfach (Marietan). - 4: Schatzturm im Binntal (Hellmayr).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Ferromagnetic monolayer with interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction: magnon spectrum and effect of quenched disorder
Creators: name: Utesov, Oleg I.
name: Syromyatnikov, Arseny V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss theoretically a ferromagnetic monolayer with an interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (iDMI) and a small axial anisotropy. It is shown that the system has a long-period cycloid magnetic order slightly distorted by the anisotropy whose modulation vector $\bf k$ can have several orientations. We find that due to iDMI-induced umklapp terms in the Hamiltonian, the spectrum of long-wavelength magnons is essentially anisotropic: it is linear and quadratic for momenta directed along and perpendicular to $\bf k$, respectively. Due to such a quasi-1D spectrum, the temperature correction to the mean spin value has a power-law singularity hampering the magnetic ordering at $T\ne0$. We demonstrate that the umklapps lead to a peculiar band structure of the magnon spectrum similar to electronic bands in solids. We discuss also the effect of vacancies and defect bonds on system properties at $T=0$. Owing to the quasi-1D character of the spectrum, the distortion of the cycloid structure by a single defect bond is described by the field of 1D electric dipole. As a result, even infinitesimal concentrations of defects $c$ destroy the long-range order and establish a short-range order whose correlation length shows a power-law dependence on $1/c$. Our findings should also be applicable to ultra-thin films with strong enough iDMI.
description: 14 pages, 6 pages
Plasma panel-based radiation detectors
Creators: name: Friedman, Peter
name: Ball, Robert
name: Beene, James
name: Benhammou, Yan
name: Ben-Moshe, Meny
name: Bentefour, Hassan
name: Chapman, J. W.
name: Etzion, Erez
name: Ferretti, Claudio
name: Levin, Daniel
name: Silver, Yiftah
name: Varner, Robert
name: Weaverdyck, Curtis
name: Zhou, Bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The plasma panel sensor (PPS) is a gaseous micropattern radiation detector under current development. It has many operational and fabrication principles common to plasma display panels. It comprises a dense matrix of small, gas plasma discharge cells within a hermetically sealed panel. As in plasma display panels, it uses nonreactive, intrinsically radiation-hard materials such as glass substrates, refractory metal electrodes, and mostly inert gas mixtures. We are developing these devices primarily as thin, low-mass detectors with gas gaps from a few hundred microns to a few millimeters. The PPS is a high gain, inherently digital device with the potential for fast response times, fine position resolution (<50-mm RMS) and low cost. In this paper, we report on prototype PPS experimental results in detecting betas, protons, and cosmic muons, and we extrapolate on the PPS potential for applications including the detection of alphas, heavy ions at low-to-medium energy, thermal neutrons, and X-rays.
Physiologische Aspekte der circadianen Rhythmik bei Kleinsäugern
Creators: name: Dernbach, Haiko
Publisher: name: Hannover : Universität
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Per mutant mice
subject: oxygen consumption
subject: T-cycle variation
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: [no abstract]
City Makers: A New Paradigm for Urbanism
Creators: name: Schröder, Jörg
Publisher: name: Hannover : Regionales Bauen und Siedlungsplanung, Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Urban design
subject: Urban planning
subject: Bologna
subject: Emilia Linear City
subject: Makers
subject: Design
subject: Städtebau
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::700 | Künste, Bildende Kunst allgemein::720 | Architektur

description: Looking at the emblematic photography by Mau- ro Masera of 1960 that sets the freshly produced Sanluca chair on stage in the arcades of San Luca in Bologna, we experience a flash-back to the inventiveness and energy of the Italian design in the 1960ies. The approach of City Makers responds to a so- cial, economic and cultural move towards re-es- tablishing materiality in the age of digitalisation. With the project City Makers we develop two—as 9 will be shown—strongly interlinked lines of re- search: firsthand, the question of place and space as stage and source of the new creative and pro- ductive urban paradigm of making. And secondly, the question of the influence of a maker paradigm to the concepts and ways to work on the positive transformation of city and territory.
Cuestionario de la tercera encuesta a representantes políticos en España (2022)
Creators: name: Coller, Xavier
name: Pamies, Carles
name: Benítez, Andrés
name: Carrasco, Beatriz
name: Domínguez, Pablo
name: Sánchez-Ferrer, Leonardo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: political elites
spain
parliaments
survey

description: Tiene ante sí el cuestionario de la tercera encuesta a parlamentarios en España. Como seguramente sabe, esta encuesta se incardina en un proyecto internacional denominado Comparative Candidates Survey y está, en parte, patrocinada por el Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (a través del proyecto competitivo “La construcción social del consenso en entornos políticos multipartidistas”, PID2019-108667GB-I00), y la Junta de Andalucía (con el proyecto competitivo “El conflicto en la política española. El nuevo escenario de Andalucía en perspectiva comparada”, P18-RT-5234). El cuestionario - que fue administrado en papel y online en distintos idiomas oficiales y cooficiales - sirve para entender mejor las preguntas y las categorías de respuestas que se facilitaron a los diputados/as. En esta encuesta han participado 547 personas a las que agradecemos sinceramente que hayan dedicado su tiempo a responder el cuestionario. Los comentarios que nos han hecho llegar han sido siempre bien recibidos (incluso el que mostraba gran desconfianza) y nos animan a seguir. Teniendo en cuenta que la población de parlamentarios/as en activo en las 19 cámaras de representación en España es de 1827, la tasa de respuesta es un nada despreciable 30%. Aun así, sería deseable que en el futuro más representantes entendieran la importancia de participar en estudios académicos. Si usted precisa alguna aclaración, puede ponerse en contacto con nosotros en la dirección siguiente: proyecto.consenso@poli.uned.es. Por favor, refiérase siempre a la última versión de este cuestionario que puede encontrar en la dirección siguiente: https://consenso.uned.es/
title: Эргонимия сферы туризма (на материале г. Казань РФ и г. Уральск РК)
Creators: name: Донскова, Галина
name: Утарова, Нургуль
Publisher: name: Новгородский печатный двор
Year: 2019

description: В статье рассматриваются проблемы формирования эргонимов сферы туризма на материале названий гостиниц городов Казани и Уральска. Выявляются как общие языковые черты, так и специфика эргонимии этих городов.
Red Supergiant Stars as Cosmic Abundance Probes: II. NLTE Effects in J-band Silicon Lines
Creators: name: Bergemann, Maria
name: Kudritzki, Rolf-Peter
name: Wueurl, Matthias
name: Plez, Bertrand
name: Davies, Ben
name: Gazak, Zach
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Medium resolution J-band spectroscopy of individual red supergiant stars is a promising tool to investigate the chemical composition of the young stellar population in star forming galaxies. As a continuation of recent work on iron and titanium, detailed non-LTE calculations are presented to investigate the influence of NLTE on the formation of silicon lines in the J-band spectra of red supergiants. Substantial effects are found resulting in significantly stronger absorption lines of neutral silicon in non-LTE. As a consequence, silicon abundances determined in non-LTE are significantly smaller than in LTE with the non-LTE abundance corrections varying smoothly between -0.4 dex to -0.1 dex for effective temperatures between 3400K to 4400K. The effects are largest at low metallicity. The physical reasons behind the non-LTE effects and the consequences for extragalactic J-band abundance studies are discussed.
description: 17 pages, accepted for publication in ApJ
RTLLM: An Open-Source Benchmark for Design RTL Generation with Large Language Model
Creators: name: Lu, Yao
name: Liu, Shang
name: Zhang, Qijun
name: Xie, Zhiyao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Inspired by the recent success of large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT, researchers start to explore the adoption of LLMs for agile hardware design, such as generating design RTL based on natural-language instructions. However, in existing works, their target designs are all relatively simple and in a small scale, and proposed by the authors themselves, making a fair comparison among different LLM solutions challenging. In addition, many prior works only focus on the design correctness, without evaluating the design qualities of generated design RTL. In this work, we propose an open-source benchmark named RTLLM, for generating design RTL with natural language instructions. To systematically evaluate the auto-generated design RTL, we summarized three progressive goals, named syntax goal, functionality goal, and design quality goal. This benchmark can automatically provide a quantitative evaluation of any given LLM-based solution. Furthermore, we propose an easy-to-use yet surprisingly effective prompt engineering technique named self-planning, which proves to significantly boost the performance of GPT-3.5 in our proposed benchmark.
Satellites in MW-like hosts: Environment dependence and close pairs
Creators: name: Gonzalez, Roberto E.
name: Kravtsov, Andrey V.
name: Gnedin, Nickolay Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Previous studies showed that an estimate of the likelihood distribution of the Milky Way halo mass can be derived using the properties of the satellites similar to the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds (LMC and SMC). However, it would be straightforward to interpret such an estimate only if the properties of the Magellanic Clouds (MCs) are fairly typical and are not biased by the environment. In this study we explore whether the environment of the Milky Way affects the properties of the SMC and LMC such as their velocities. To test for the effect of the environment, we compare velocity distributions for MC-sized subhalos around Milky Way hosts in a sample selected simply by mass and in the second sample of such halos selected with additional restrictions on the distance to the nearest cluster and the local galaxy density, designed to mimic the environment of the Local Group (LG). We find that satellites in halos in the LG-like environments do have somewhat larger velocities, as compared to the halos of similar mass in the sample without environmental constraints. We derive the host halo likelihood distribution for the samples in the LG-like envirionment and in the control sample and find that the environment does not significantly affect the derived likelihood. We use the updated properties of the SMC and LMC to derive the constraint on the MW halo mass $\log{({\rm M}_{200} /\msol)}=12.06^{+0.31}_{-0.19}$ (90% confidence interval). We also explore the incidence of close pairs with relative velocities and separations similar to those of the LMC and SMC and find that such pairs are quite rare among $Λ$CDM halos. Taking into account the close separation of the MCs in the Busha et al.\ 2011 method results in the shift of the MW halo mass estimate to smaller masses, with the peak shifting approximately by a factor of two.[Abridged]
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, Submitted to ApJ
Classification of Human- and AI-Generated Texts: Investigating Features for ChatGPT
Creators: name: Mindner, Lorenz
name: Schlippe, Tim
name: Schaaff, Kristina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, generative AIs like ChatGPT have become available to the wide public. These tools can for instance be used by students to generate essays or whole theses. But how does a teacher know whether a text is written by a student or an AI? In our work, we explore traditional and new features to (1) detect text generated by AI from scratch and (2) text rephrased by AI. Since we found that classification is more difficult when the AI has been instructed to create the text in a way that a human would not recognize that it was generated by an AI, we also investigate this more advanced case. For our experiments, we produced a new text corpus covering 10 school topics. Our best systems to classify basic and advanced human-generated/AI-generated texts have F1-scores of over 96%. Our best systems for classifying basic and advanced human-generated/AI-rephrased texts have F1-scores of more than 78%. The systems use a combination of perplexity, semantic, list lookup, error-based, readability, AI feedback, and text vector features. Our results show that the new features substantially help to improve the performance of many classifiers. Our best basic text rephrasing detection system even outperforms GPTZero by 183.8% relative in F1-score.
title: О семантике этнонимов хайдинцы и юги
Creators: name: Калинин, Степан
Publisher: name: Новгородский печатный двор
Year: 2019

description: В работе приводится семантический анализ этнонимов хайдинцы и юги – наименований двух енисейских народностей Восточной Сибири. Рассматривается вопрос о происхождении этих наименований, анализируется также их связь с мифологическими представлениями енисейских народов.
Skalierbare Videocodierung mittels Teilbandzerlegung
Creators: name: Benzler, Ulrich-Lorenz
Publisher: name: Hannover : Universität
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Video coding
subject: spatial scalability
subject: subband coding
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau::621 | Angewandte Physik::621,3 | Elektrotechnik, Elektronik

description: [no abstract]
title: «Имя собственное в имени собственном»: название картины с топонимическим элементом
Creators: name: Мухаметгареева, Наталья
name: Яковлева, Евгения
Publisher: name: Новгородский печатный двор
Year: 2019

description: В данной статье на материале артионимов (названий полотен французских импрессионистов) рассматриваются сложные по форме словесные конструкции, содержащие в своем составе ойконимы, топонимы, урбанонимы и другие имена собственные. В рамках лингвокультурологии данный факт является весьма значимым и позволяет задействовать подобные языковые единицы в учебном процессе, в частности, при преподавании страноведения Франции: ее языка, географии, истории и культуры.
Exotic eigenvalues and analytic resolvent for a graph with a shrinking edge
Creators: name: Berkolaiko, Gregory
name: Borisov, Denis I.
name: King, Marshall
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 34B45, 34L15, 47A10, 81Q10, 81Q35

description: We consider a metric graph consisting of two edges, one of which has length $\varepsilon$ which we send to zero. On this graph we study the resolvent and spectrum of the Laplacian subject to a general vertex condition at the connecting vertex. Despite the singular nature of the perturbation (by a short edge), we find that the resolvent depends analytically on the parameter $\varepsilon$. In contrast, the negative eigenvalues escape to minus infinity at rates that could be fractional, namely, $\varepsilon^0$, $\varepsilon^{-2/3}$ or $\varepsilon^{-1}$. These rates take place when the corresponding eigenfunction localizes, respectively, only on the long edge, on both edges, or only on the short edge.
description: 17 pages, 1 figure
Transferability of interatomic potentials for germanene (2D germanium)
Creators: name: Maździarz, Marcin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The capacities of various interatomic potentials available for elemental germanium, with the scope to choose the potential suitable for the modeling of germanene (2D germanium) allotropes were investigated. Structural and mechanical properties of the flat (F), low-buckled (LB), trigonal dumbbell (TD) and large honeycomb dumbbell (LHD) single-layer germanium (germanene) phases, were obtained using the density functional theory (DFT) and molecular statics (MS) computations with Tersoff, MEAM, Stillinger-Weber, EDIP, ReaxFF and machine-learning-based (ML-IAP) interatomic potentials. A systematic quantitative comparative study and discussion of the findings are given.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures
title: Особенности изменения морфологической структуры маточных труб на фоне хронического воспаления
Creators: name: Коновалова, Марина
name: Корабельникова, Инна
name: Воробцова, Ирина
name: Шовина, Дарья
name: Швындина, Анастасия
name: Соколова, Мария
name: Коновалов, Лев
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2019

description: Проведен сравнительный анализ морфологических изменений в 106 маточных трубах при наличии хронического воспалительного процесса и при его отсутствии. В I группу вошли 52 препарата маточных труб, удаленных во время операций по поводу обострения хронических воспалительных заболеваний придатков матки. Во II группу вошли 54 препарата маточных труб 27 гинекологически здоровых женщин, ставших жертвами ДТП и подлежавших судебно-медицинскому вскрытию. При выполнении анатомических исследований были соблюдены все этические нормы, предусмотренные законодательством Российской Федерации. При исследовании использовались стандартные методы проводки препаратов и окраски гематоксилин-эозином, по Ван-Гизону, импрегнацией серебром по Футу.
Quenching nitrogen-vacancy center photoluminescence with infrared pulsed laser
Creators: name: Lai, N. D.
name: Faklaris, O.
name: Zheng, D.
name: Jacques, V.
name: Chang, H. -C.
name: Roch, J. -F.
name: Treussart, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diamond nanocrystals containing Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) color centers have been used in recent years as fluorescent probes for near-field and cellular imaging. In this work we report that an infrared (IR) pulsed excitation beam can quench the photoluminescence of NV color center in a diamond nanocrystal (size < 50 nm) with an extinction ratio as high as ~90%. We attribute this effect to the heating of the nanocrystal consecutive to multi-photon absorption by the diamond matrix. This quenching is reversible: the photoluminescence intensity goes back to its original value when the IR laser beam is turned off, with a typical response time of hundred picoseconds, allowing for a fast control of NV color center photoluminescence. We used this effect to achieve sub-diffraction limited imaging of fluorescent diamond nanocrystals on a coverglass. For that, as in Ground State Depletion super-resolution technique, we combined the green excitation laser beam with the control IR depleting one after shaping its intensity profile in a doughnut form, so that the emission comes only from the sub-wavelength size central part.
description: 5 figures, 15 pages
Die digitalisierte Gesellschaft
Creators: name: Philipps, Axel
Publisher: name: Berlin, Boston : De Gruyter
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Digitale Soziologie
subject: Digitalisierung
subject: Big Data
subject: digitale Werkzeuge
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: Rezensierte Publikationen: Christoph Kucklick, Die granulare Gesellschaft. Wie das Digitale unsere Wirklichkeit auflöst. Berlin: Ullstein 2015, 268 S., gb., 18,00 €. Deborah Lupton, Digital Sociology. London & New York: Routledge 2015, 230 S., kt., 37,50 €
Verarbeitung von deutschen W-Fragen mit starken und schwachen Maskulina durch ein- und mehrsprachige Kinder und Erwachsene – Evidenz für morphosyntaktische Schemata?
Creators: name: Binanzer, Anja
name: Cristante, Valentina
name: Bittner, Andreas
Publisher: name: Berlin : Walter de Gruyter
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Linguistik
subject: Spracherwerb
subject: Psycholinguistik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::400 | Sprache, Linguistik

description: An der Schnittstelle von theoretischer Linguistik und Psycholinguistik erörtert dieser Beitrag zur Verarbeitung semantischer Rollen, ob und wie die mentale Repräsentation der sprachlichen Kodierung der Agens- und Patiens- Rollen im Rahmen gebrauchsbasierter Schema-Ansätze (Bybee 1985, 1988, 2010; Köpcke 1993) modelliert werden kann. Diese Fragestellung wird auf einer empirischen Datengrundlage diskutiert, die durch ein Eye Tracking Experiment (Visual World Paradigm) zur Verarbeitung von SVO- und OVS-Fragen mit starken und schwachen Maskulina durch kindliche L1- und L2-Lernende sowie erwachsene L1-Sprecherinnen und -Sprecher des Deutschen gewonnen wurde. Zentral ist die Frage, ob sich Argumente oder sogar Evidenzen dafür finden, dass Sprecherinnen und Sprecher in Abhängigkeit vom Grad der Spracherfahrung mit dem Deutschen in ihrer mentalen Grammatik morphosyntaktische Paar-Schemata (nach Wecker 2016) ausbilden, die sich gerade bei der Verarbeitung von starken und schwachen Maskulina, die ein unterschiedliches Deklinationsverhalten aufweisen, exemplarisch belegen lassen müssten.
title: Заболеваемость острыми кишечными инфекциями вирусной этиологии (ротавирусы, астровирусы, норавирусы) на территории Новгородской области за 2013-2018 гг.
Creators: name: Архипов, Георгий
name: Кириллова, Екатерина
name: Архипова, Екатерина
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2019

description: Обобщена и проанализирована информация о вспышечной заболеваемости ротавирусной и норовирусной инфекциями на территории Новгородской области за 2013-2018 гг., содержащаяся также и в официальных источниках (Роспотребнадзор по Новгородской области), доступная из официальных документов. Отмечается роль лабораторной диагностики (ОТ-ПЦР) в расшифровке эпидемических вспышек кишечных инфекционных заболеваний разной вирусной этиологии (ротавирусы, норовирусы, астровирусы). Систематизированы и проанализированы показатели (число вспышек, пострадавших, территории, в которых регистрировались вспышки, данные о вспышках в лечебно-профилактических организациях). Отмечаются сложность, неустойчивость ситуации по вспышечной заболеваемости в целом. Для каждого вида вируса наблюдается определенная сезонность: ротавирус и астровирус чаше проявляются в холодное время года, аденовирусная инфекция наблюдается во все сезоны, норавирус проявляется круглый год, но преобладает в зимние месяцы.
The Legislative Effects of Campaign Personalization An Analysis on the Legislative Behavior of Successful German Constituency Candidates
Creators: name: Zittel, Thomas
name: Nyhuis, Dominic
Publisher: name: Thousand Oaks, Calif. [u.a.] : Sage
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: candidates
subject: constituency campaigns
subject: electoral systems
subject: legislative behavior
subject: personalization
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::320 | Politik

description: Personalized campaign styles are of increasing importance in contemporary election campaigns at all levels of politics. Surprisingly, we know little about their implications for the behavior of successful candidates once they take public office. This paper aims to fill this gap in empirical and theoretical ways. It shows that campaign personalization results in legislative personalization. Legislators that ran personalized campaigns are found to be more likely to deviate in roll call votes and to take independent positions on the floor. These findings result from a novel dataset that matches survey evidence on candidates’ campaign styles in the 2009 German Federal Elections with the legislative behavior of successful candidates in the 17th German Bundestag (2009–2013). Combining data from the campaign and legislative arenas allows us to explore the wider consequences of campaign personalization. © The Author(s) 2020.
The structure of cosmic voids in a LCDM Universe
Creators: name: Ricciardelli, E.
name: Quilis, V.
name: Planelles, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Eulerian cosmological codes are especially suited to properly describe the low density regions. This property makes this class of codes excellent tools to study the formation and evolution of cosmic voids. Following such ideas, we present the results of an Eulerian adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) hydrodynamical and N-body simulation, that contrary to the common practice, has been designed to refine the computational grid in the underdense regions of the simulated volume. Thus, the void regions are better described due to the combined effect of the Eulerian character of the numerical technique and the use of high numerical resolution from the AMR approach. To analyse the outcome of this simulation, we have constructed a new void finder optimally suited to find the hierarchy of voids in AMR simulations. The algorithm identifies voids starting from the cells with least density and highest velocity divergence and then expanding the underdense volume until reaching the void walls, defined from the steepness of the density gradient. At redshift z=0, in a cosmological box of comoving side length 100 Mpc/h, we identify hundreds of voids with sizes up to 17 Mpc/h and typical density contrast of -0.8, which show a complex morphology and an intricate hierarchy of nested structures. The analysis of their mass density profile leads to the conclusion that a universal density profile can be applied to voids of any size, density, morphology and redshift.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
User experience with FAIR evaluation tools and services [Webinar]
Creators: name: Huber, Robert
name: Mihai, Hannah
name: Jónsdóttir, Guðbjörg Andrea
name: Shepherdson, John
name: Morris, Matthew
name: Papagiannopoulos, Kostas
name: Bach, Janete Saldanha
name: Klas, Claus-Peter
name: Mutschke, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: FAIR
evaluation tool
PID
data maturity
research data management

description: The webinar updated and extended webinar from 2021 on users’ experiences with FAIR evaluation tools and services. Panelists presented their user stories with FAIRness evaluation tests, lessons learned, and recommendations to other Service Providers. For example, recommendations have been offered on steps to take to improve FAIRness evaluation tests scores. New topics were also featured, including: DATICE: The Icelandic Social Science Data Service and an application of the RDA FAIR Data Maturity Model to PIDs at GESIS.
Grundrente und Mehrwert
Creators: name: Bensch, Hans-Georg
Publisher: name: Lüneburg : Zu Klampen Verlag
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Absolute Ground-Rent
subject: fertility
subject: location
subject: Differential Rent
subject: surplus-profit
subject: agricultural capital
subject: Absolute Rente
subject: Fruchtbarkeit und Lage
subject: Differentialrente
subject: Surplusprofit
subject: agrikoles Kapital
subject: Pächterkapitalist
subject: 3. Band des Kapitals
subject: capitalist farmer
subject: Capital-Volume-III
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::100 | Philosophie

description: Mit der Theorie der Grundrente kommt Marx am Ende des 3. Bandes des Kapitals auf die Verwertung des Eigentums zu sprechen, das sich nicht eines Arbeitsprozesses verdankt und doch Revenue abwirft – Natur, Boden, ganz allgemein: Monopolisierbares. Die hier vorgelegte Interpretation korrigiert einzelne Bestimmungen insbesondere den zentralen Begriff der absoluten Rente, um auf der Grundlage der Bestimmungen von drei Bänden Kapital die Einheit der Urkritischen Theorie zu gewährleisten.
Temporal Uncertainty Localization to Enable Human-in-the-loop Analysis of Dynamic Contrast-enhanced Cardiac MRI Datasets
Creators: name: Yalcinkaya, Dilek M.
name: Youssef, Khalid
name: Heydari, Bobak
name: Simonetti, Orlando
name: Dharmakumar, Rohan
name: Raman, Subha
name: Sharif, Behzad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) is a widely used modality for diagnosing myocardial blood flow (perfusion) abnormalities. During a typical free-breathing DCE-CMRI scan, close to 300 time-resolved images of myocardial perfusion are acquired at various contrast "wash in/out" phases. Manual segmentation of myocardial contours in each time-frame of a DCE image series can be tedious and time-consuming, particularly when non-rigid motion correction has failed or is unavailable. While deep neural networks (DNNs) have shown promise for analyzing DCE-CMRI datasets, a "dynamic quality control" (dQC) technique for reliably detecting failed segmentations is lacking. Here we propose a new space-time uncertainty metric as a dQC tool for DNN-based segmentation of free-breathing DCE-CMRI datasets by validating the proposed metric on an external dataset and establishing a human-in-the-loop framework to improve the segmentation results. In the proposed approach, we referred the top 10% most uncertain segmentations as detected by our dQC tool to the human expert for refinement. This approach resulted in a significant increase in the Dice score (p<0.001) and a notable decrease in the number of images with failed segmentation (16.2% to 11.3%) whereas the alternative approach of randomly selecting the same number of segmentations for human referral did not achieve any significant improvement. Our results suggest that the proposed dQC framework has the potential to accurately identify poor-quality segmentations and may enable efficient DNN-based analysis of DCE-CMRI in a human-in-the-loop pipeline for clinical interpretation and reporting of dynamic CMRI datasets.
description: Accepted for publication in MICCAI 2023
Inferring the mass of sub-millimetre galaxies by exploiting their gravitational magnification of background galaxies
Creators: name: Hildebrandt, H.
name: van Waerbeke, L.
name: Scott, D.
name: Bethermin, M.
name: Bock, J.
name: Clements, D.
name: Conley, A.
name: Cooray, A.
name: Dunlop, J. S.
name: Eales, S.
name: Erben, T.
name: Farrah, D.
name: Franceschini, A.
name: Glenn, J.
name: Halpern, M.
name: Heinis, S.
name: Ivison, R. J.
name: Marsden, G.
name: Oliver, S. J.
name: Page, M. J.
name: Perez-Fournon, I.
name: Smith, A. J.
name: Rowan-Robinson, M.
name: Valtchanov, I.
name: van der Burg, R. F. J.
name: Vieira, J. D.
name: Viero, M.
name: Wang, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dust emission at sub-millimetre wavelengths allows us to trace the early phases of star formation in the Universe. In order to understand the physical processes involved in this mode of star formation, it is essential to gain knowledge about the dark matter structures - most importantly their masses - that sub-millimetre galaxies live in. Here we use the magnification effect of gravitational lensing to determine the average mass and dust content of sub-millimetre galaxies with 250mu flux densities of S_250>15mJy selected using data from the Herschel Multi-tiered Extragalactic Survey. The positions of hundreds of sub-millimetre foreground lenses are cross-correlated with the positions of background Lyman-break galaxies at z~3-5 selected using optical data from the Canada-France Hawaii Telescope Legacy Survey. We detect a cross-correlation signal at the 7-sigma level over a sky area of one square degree, with ~80% of this signal being due to magnification, whereas the remaining ~20% comes from dust extinction. Adopting some simple assumptions for the dark matter and dust profiles and the redshift distribution enables us to estimate the average mass of the halos hosting the sub-millimetre galaxies to be log(M_200/M_sun)=13.17+0.05-0.08(stat.) and their average dust mass fraction (at radii of >10kpc) to be M_dust/M_200~6x10^-5. This supports the picture that sub-millimetre galaxies are dusty, forming stars at a high rate, reside in massive group-sized halos, and are a crucial phase in the assembly and evolution of structure in the Universe.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, accepted by MNRAS
title: Finanzielle Eigenverantwortung der Kommunen
Creators: name: Henneke, Hans-Günter
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2015

description: nachhaltige Neuordnung - Förderalismusreform - Steuergestaltung - kommunale Selbstverwaltung - finanzielle Eigenverantwortung - Bundes(-mit-)finanzierung
Gated Silicene as a tunable source of nearly 100% spin-polarized electrons
Creators: name: Tsai, Wei-Feng
name: Huang, Cheng-Yi
name: Chang, Tay-Rong
name: Lin, Hsin
name: Jeng, Horng-Tay
name: Bansil, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Silicene is a one-atom-thick 2D crystal of silicon with a hexagonal lattice structure that is related to that of graphene but with atomic bonds that are buckled rather than flat. This buckling confers advantages on silicene over graphene, because it should, in principle, generate both a band gap and polarized spin-states that can be controlled with a perpendicular electric field. Here we use first-principles calculations to show that field-gated silicene possesses two gapped Dirac cones exhibiting nearly 100% spin-polarization, situated at the corners of the Brillouin zone. Using this fact, we propose a design for a silicene-based spin-filter that should enable the spin-polarization of an output current to be switched electrically, without switching external magnetic fields. Our quantum transport calculations indicate that the proposed designs will be highly efficient (nearly 100% spin polarization) and robust against weak disorder and edge imperfections. We also propose a Y-shaped spin/valley separator that produces spin-polarized current at two output terminals with opposite spins.
Bryozoan borings in shells of Costa Rican miocene oysters
Creators: name: Fischer, Rudolf
name: Aguilar, Teresita
Publisher: name: Hannover : Universität Hannover. Institut für Geologie und Paläontologie
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Bryozoa
subject: Ctenostomata
subject: fossils
subject: borings
subject: bioerosion
subject: ichnology
subject: Miocene
subject: Costa Rica
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: Borings of bryozoan colonies are rare fossils and hitherto unknown from Central America. Four different types of zoaria, belonging to Spathipora sp., Terebripora sp. A, Terebripora cf. falunica and Iramena sp., were recognized. They are developed on shells of Miocene oysters (Saccostrea sp. and Ostrea sp.) from shell - beds of the Venado-Formation (Northern Limon - San Carlos Basin, Costa Rica). The period of colonization and growth by bryozoans and/or a few other benthic invertebrates was probably a short - term event, followed by suffocation from accumlating sediment.
Kinematic Discovery of a Stellar Stream located in Pisces
Creators: name: Martin, Charles
name: Carlin, Jeffrey L.
name: Newberg, Heidi Jo
name: Grillmair, Carl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the kinematic discovery of the Pisces Stellar Stream (PSS), at Galactic longitude of roughly l=135 degrees and longitude between -39 < b < -36 deg. We originally identified this halo substructure from velocities of red giant branch stars in Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 8, and confirmed its presence in turnoff stars from SDSS photometric data. The PSS is a narrow, kinematically cold tidal stream, with a velocity dispersion of 8 km/s. Its metallicity is [Fe/H]=-2.2, with ~0.3 dex dispersion. The color-magnitude signature of the stream turnoff, combined with our measured metallicity, places the PSS at a distance of 35+/-3 kpc. The Pisces Stellar Stream is the same as the previously announced "Triangulum stream" and part of the proposed "stream a". We rule out an association of the PSS with other previously known Milky Way substructures in the same region of the sky.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Anomalous domain wall velocity and Walker breakdown in hybrid systems with anisotropic exchange
Creators: name: Enoksen, Henrik
name: Sudbø, Asle
name: Linder, Jacob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has recently been proposed that spin-transfer torques in magnetic systems with anisotropic exchange can be strongly enhanced, reducing the characteristic current density with up to four orders of magnitude compared to conventional setups. Motivated by this, we analytically solve the equations of motion in a collective-coordinate framework for this type of anisotropic exchange system, to investigate the domain wall dynamics in detail. In particular, we obtain analytical expressions for the maximum attainable domain wall velocity of such a setup and also for the occurrence of Walker breakdown. Surprisingly, we find that, in contrast to the standard case with domain wall motion driven by the nonadiabatic torque, the maximum velocity obtained via the anisotropic exchange torque is completely independent of the nonadiabaticity parameter beta, in spite of the torque itself being very large for small beta. Moreover, the Walker breakdown threshold has an opposite dependence on beta in these two cases; i.e., for the anisotropic exchange torque scenario, the threshold value decreases monotonically with beta. These findings are of importance to any practical application of the proposed giant spin-transfer torque in anisotropic exchange systems.
Dynamical Evolution and Spatial Mixing of Multiple Population Globular Clusters
Creators: name: Vesperini, Enrico
name: McMillan, Stephen L. W.
name: D'Antona, Francesca
name: D'Ercole, Annibale
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study the long-term dynamical evolution of multiple-population clusters, focusing on the evolution of the spatial distributions of the first- (FG) and second-generation (SG) stars.In previous studies we have suggested that SG stars formed from the ejecta of FG AGB stars are expected initially to be concentrated in the cluster inner regions. Here, by means of N-body simulations, we explore the time scales and the dynamics of the spatial mixing of the FG and the SG populations and their dependence on the SG initial concentration.Our simulations show that, as the evolution proceeds, the radial profile of the SG/FG number ratio, NSG/NFG, is characterized by three regions: 1) a flat inner part; 2) a declining part in which FG stars are increasingly dominant; and 3) an outer region where the NSG/NFG profile flattens again (the NSG/NFG profile may rise slightly again in the outermost cluster regions). The radial variation of NSG/NFG implies that the fraction of SG stars determined by observations covering a limited range of radial distances is not, in general, equal to the SG global fraction, (NSG/NFG)glob. The distance at which NSG/NFG equals (NSG/NFG)glob is approximately between 1 and 2 cluster half-mass radii. The results of our simulations suggest that in many Galactic globular clusters the SG should still be more spatially concentrated than the FG.[abridged]
description: 10 pages 9 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Observation of an interedge magnetoplasmon mode in a degenerate two-dimensional electron gas
Creators: name: Sukhodub, G.
name: Hohls, Frank
name: Haug, Rolf J.
Publisher: name: College Park, MD : American Physical Society
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Electric charge
subject: Electric excitation
subject: Electric potential
subject: Electron gas
subject: Frequencies
subject: Heterojunctions
subject: Magnetoplasma
subject: Quantum efficiency
subject: Semiconducting gallium arsenide
subject: Velocity measurement
subject: Edge magnetoplasmon (EMP)
subject: Edge structure
subject: Incident voltage pulse
subject: Two-dimensional elecytron gas
subject: Wave propagation
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: The propagation of edge magnetoplasmons (EMP) in a degenerated two-dimensional electron gas was analyzed. Investigations show that an interedge EMP mode attributed to the excitations of boundary between two regions with constant but different charge densities. The splitting of an incident voltage pulse into several EMP modes propagating with different velocities was also observed. The results show that the internal spatial parameters of the edge structure were derived from the analysis of the propagation velocities of each mode.
Active feature acquisition on data streams under feature drift
Creators: name: Beyer, Christian
name: Büttner, Maik
name: Unnikrishnan, Vishnu
name: Schleicher, Miro
name: Ntoutsi, Eirini
name: Spiliopoulou, Myra
Publisher: name: Berlin : Springer
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Active feature acquisition
subject: Data streams
subject: Feature drift
subject: Budget control
subject: Petroleum reservoir evaluation
subject: Active Learning
subject: Budget constraint
subject: Evaluation framework
subject: Feature acquisition
subject: Feature values
subject: Missing features
subject: Model performance
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Traditional active learning tries to identify instances for which the acquisition of the label increases model performance under budget constraints. Less research has been devoted to the task of actively acquiring feature values, whereupon both the instance and the feature must be selected intelligently and even less to a scenario where the instances arrive in a stream with feature drift. We propose an active feature acquisition strategy for data streams with feature drift, as well as an active feature acquisition evaluation framework. We also implement a baseline that chooses features randomly and compare the random approach against eight different methods in a scenario where we can acquire at most one feature at the time per instance and where all features are considered to cost the same. Our initial experiments on 9 different data sets, with 7 different degrees of missing features and 8 different budgets show that our developed methods outperform the random acquisition on 7 data sets and have a comparable performance on the remaining two. © 2020, The Author(s).
Vom Naturzustand zum Gesellschaftsvertrag? – in ausgewählten politischen Schriften J.J. Rousseaus
Creators: name: Bensch, Hans-Georg
Publisher: name: Hannover : Institutionelles Repositorium der Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Naturzustand
subject: Gleichheit
subject: Gesellschaftszustand
subject: Freiheit
subject: Eigentum
subject: Despotie
subject: Bedürfnisse
subject: Joch
subject: Arbeitsteilung
subject: Rousseau, Jean-Jacques
subject: Du contrat social
subject: Discours sur l'origine et les fondements de l'inégalité parmi les hommes
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::100 | Philosophie

description: "Die Abhandlung über [...] die Ungleichheit" und der "Gesellschaftsvertrag" von Rousseau scheinen das Privateigentum völlig entgegengesetzt zu bewerten. Diese Differenz impliziert eine grundsätzlich andere Beurteilung von Naturzustand und Gesellschaftszustand. Mit jeweils doppelten Bedeutungen lassen sich die scheinbar entgegengesetzten berühmten Texte so interpretieren, dass Fortschrittlichkeit und Beschränktheit von Rousseau deutlich werden.
Characterizations of distality via weak equicontinuity
Creators: name: Li, Jian
name: Yang, Yini
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For an infinite discrete group $G$ acting on a compact metric space $X$, we introduce several weak versions of equicontinuity along subsets of $G$ and show that if a minimal system $(X,G)$ admits an invariant measure then $(X,G)$ is distal if and only if it is pairwise IP$^*$-equicontinuous; if the product system $(X\times X,G)$ of a minimal system $(X,G)$ has a dense set of minimal points, then $(X,G)$ is distal if and only if it is pairwise IP$^*$-equicontinuous if and only if it is pairwise central$^*$-equicontinuous; if $(X,G)$ is a minimal system with $G$ being abelian, then $(X,G)$ is a system of order $\infty$ if and only if it is pairwise FIP$^*$-equicontinuous.
description: 20 pages. To appear in Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2108.01271