cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Integrando componentes de investigación y niveles formativos en el diseño de un programa de postgrado. Caso maestría en agroempresas y agronegocios de la Universidad Técnica del Norte en Ibarra-Ecuador
Integrating research components and training levels in the design of a postgraduate program. Case study in agribusiness and agribusiness of the Technical University of North in Ibarra-Ecuador.
Creators: name: Aguirre, Patricia
name: Munoz, Ricardo
name: Aguirre, Patricia
name: Munoz, Ricardo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Agribusiness
subject: productive chain
subject: research agenda
subject: postgrade
subject: master

description: The relationship between research and postgraduate in agribusiness can be associated with the production of scientific, technological and organizational knowledge. Postgraduate preparation contributes to the development of research, so it seems obvious that the components of research can be an active part of the studies plans, even from the creation or development of the curriculum of a postgraduate. This work sought to integrate components derived from the agribusiness system and a research agenda with the definition of formative modules categorized to support a postgraduate master's degree program in the field of agribusiness developed at a Technical University of Northern (UTN), Ecuador. A matrix was generated using the support of a contextual model that contributed the areas or stages of the agribusiness system, the main research lines were obtained from the research agenda in agribusiness generated in the local context and defined training modules categorized by Stokes model. The main result was the integration of training modules aligned to contextualize research components in a defined environment such as the UTN located in zone 1 of Ecuador. The elements of the matrix that by design focus on the problem in different areas of the system or sector of interest, would allow to contribute with theory and applications to the teaching material contemplated in the various topics that can configure a module training postgraduate master's degree in agribusiness.
On the Mechanical and Thermal Stability of Free-standing Monolayer Amorphous Carbon
Creators: name: Felix, Levi C.
name: Tromer, Raphael M.
name: Junior, Luiz A. Ribeiro
name: Galvao, Douglas S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: I.6
subject: 70-08

description: Recently (C.-T. Toh et al., Nature 577, 199 (2020)), the first synthesis of free-standing monolayer amorphous carbon (MAC) was achieved. MAC is a pure carbon structure composed of five, six, seven and eight atom rings randomly distributed. MAC proved to be surprisingly stable and highly fracture resistant. Its electronic properties are similar to boron nitride. In this work, we have investigated the mechanical properties and thermal stability of MAC models using fully-atomistic reactive molecular dynamics simulations. For comparison purposes, the results are contrasted against pristine graphene (PG) models of similar dimensions. Our results show that MAC and PG exhibit distinct mechanical behavior and fracture dynamics patterns. While PG after a critical strain threshold goes directly from elastic to brittle regimes, MAC shows different elastic stages between these two regimes. Remarkably, MAC is thermally stable up to 3600 K, which is close to the PG melting point. These exceptional physical properties make MAC-based materials promising candidates for new technologies, such as flexible electronics.
description: 5 figures and 10 pages
Mental accounting for negotiation and exchange
Creators: name: Mislin, Alexandra
name: Bottom, William
name: Boumgarden, Peter A.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Complex negotiations occur within a broader stream of ongoing social exchange, but negotiation research focuses on narrowly circumscribed encounters. Building on Trivers’ model of reciprocal altruism and Thaler’s theory of mental accounting, we propose a model of a negotiator who opens and updates ‘relational accounts’ that regulate social exchange. The accounts generate particular emotional response profiles forming the basis for social motives to compete, cooperate, or self-sacrifice. In one study we manipulated Thaler’s mental accounting scenarios to test whether these emotional responses mediate the impact of specific social events on social motives. Having found evidence for this mediation, we ran a second study testing whether social motive mediates the impact of specific events on the vigor with which a party implements the terms of a negotiated agreement. Evidence for this mediation helps to fill a significant gap in our current understanding of the implementation process. Implications of mental accounting for the development of a general, multi-level behavioral theory of negotiation are considered.
Factores motivacionales presentes en la productividad laboral agrícola en la zona central de Chile. Estudio de caso: embalaje de ciruelas y nectarines para exportación
Motivational factors in agricultural labor productivity in central Chile. Case study: packaging of plums and nectarines for export
Creators: name: Palavecino, Simon Villablanca
name: Ascencio, Jose Luis Llanos
name: Perez-Bonilla, Alejandra A.
name: Palavecino, Simon Villablanca
name: Ascencio, Jose Luis Llanos
name: Perez-Bonilla, Alejandra A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: fruit packing
subject: labor productivity
subject: work motivation

description: Worker motivation large extent determine productivity and efficiency human resource use in an organization. This paper presents a statistically validated exploratory and empirical study, based on instruments made from experiences that seek to determine the influence of motivation on labor productivity in fruit packing plant (plums and nectarines) in the area central Chile. Three approaches from the side of the content theories of motivation Maslow, Herzberg and Alderfer are compared to establish which of these theories best explain the motivation of agricultural workers in the process of fruit packing respect to labor productivity. Motivation factors were characterized successfully by a factor analysis model; the "working conditions" was the motivation factor negatively affecting labor productivity. This factor includes the criticism or orders received from the fruit packing plant manager, availability and cleanliness of the bathroom, fresh water availability for drinking and protection elements. It was also found that empirically identified motivational factors are explained by content theories of motivation, both Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs theory as Alderfer's ERG (existence relatedness and growth) theory.
Mental accounting for negotiation and exchange
Creators: name: Mislin, Alexandra
name: Bottom, William
name: Boumgarden, Peter A.
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society

description: Complex negotiations occur within a broader stream of ongoing social exchange, but negotiation research focuses on narrowly circumscribed encounters. Building on Trivers’ model of reciprocal altruism and Thaler’s theory of mental accounting, we propose a model of a negotiator who opens and updates ‘relational accounts’ that regulate social exchange. The accounts generate particular emotional response profiles forming the basis for social motives to compete, cooperate, or self-sacrifice. In one study we manipulated Thaler’s mental accounting scenarios to test whether these emotional responses mediate the impact of specific social events on social motives. Having found evidence for this mediation, we ran a second study testing whether social motive mediates the impact of specific events on the vigor with which a party implements the terms of a negotiated agreement. Evidence for this mediation helps to fill a significant gap in our current understanding of the implementation process. Implications of mental accounting for the development of a general, multi-level behavioral theory of negotiation are considered.
Zero-temperature magnetic-field-induced phase transition between two ordered gapped phases in spin-ladders with ferromagnetic legs
Creators: name: Bibikov, P. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest that under an increase of a magnetic field a spin-ladder with ferromagnetic legs does not pass without fail through an incommensurate phase but possibly in a straight way turns into a fully polarized ferromagnetic phase. The spin gap remains finite at the transition point. This scenario is demonstrated for the special spin-ladder model with exact singlet-rung ground state. We suppose that this kind of behavior realizes for the spin-ladder material (5IAP)_2CuBr_4*H_2O
description: 4 pages
Flying bagels and social graces : The impact of strategic expressions of emotion on distrust and post settlement behavior
Creators: name: Campagna, Rachel L.
name: Bottom, William
name: Kong, Dejun
name: Mislin, Alexandra
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society

description: Strategic emotion can be used as a negotiation tactic to extract value from one’s opponent. Previous research findings have found that the use of this tactic can influence not only the amount of value claimed, but post-negotiation behaviors. However, interacting with an opponent who possesses power based on their alternative to an agreement can halt the amount of value claimed. Individuals with more power (i.e. a better BATNA) are less likely to concede and more likely to make attempts to earn more points or money for themselves. While interacting, these variables – use of strategic emotion and level of power – produce perceptions that may alter not only the negotiated outcomes, but what occurs post-hoc after the contract has been negotiated. This experiment examined these effects – the influence of power and the strategic use of emotion – on economic outcomes within a negotiation as well as post-negotiation behavior. Despite prior research findings, our results fail to replicate the influence of emotion on value claimed – angry participants do not claim more value but does influence post-negotiation behaviors.
The Effects of Stress Tensor Fluctuations upon Focusing
Creators: name: Borgman, J.
name: Ford, L. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We treat the gravitational effects of quantum stress tensor fluctuations. An operational approach is adopted in which these fluctuations produce fluctuations in the focusing of a bundle of geodesics. This can be calculated explicitly using the Raychaudhuri equation as a Langevin equation. The physical manifestation of these fluctuations are angular blurring and luminosity fluctuations of the images of distant sources. We give explicit results for the case of a scalar field on a flat background in a thermal state.
description: 26 pages, 1 figure, new material added in Sect. III and in Appendices B and C
Flying bagels and social graces : The impact of strategic expressions of emotion on distrust and post settlement behavior
Creators: name: Campagna, Rachel L.
name: Bottom, William
name: Kong, Dejun
name: Mislin, Alexandra
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Strategic emotion can be used as a negotiation tactic to extract value from one’s opponent. Previous research findings have found that the use of this tactic can influence not only the amount of value claimed, but post-negotiation behaviors. However, interacting with an opponent who possesses power based on their alternative to an agreement can halt the amount of value claimed. Individuals with more power (i.e. a better BATNA) are less likely to concede and more likely to make attempts to earn more points or money for themselves. While interacting, these variables – use of strategic emotion and level of power – produce perceptions that may alter not only the negotiated outcomes, but what occurs post-hoc after the contract has been negotiated. This experiment examined these effects – the influence of power and the strategic use of emotion – on economic outcomes within a negotiation as well as post-negotiation behavior. Despite prior research findings, our results fail to replicate the influence of emotion on value claimed – angry participants do not claim more value but does influence post-negotiation behaviors.
The origin of non-thermal X-ray filaments and TeV emission in young SNRs
Creators: name: Lyutikov, Maxim
name: Pohl, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At the early, ejecta dominated, stage of supernova remnant (SNR) expansion a fraction of the swept-up circumstellar magnetic field is dynamically compressed to approximate equipartition at the contact discontinuity separating the SN progenitor's wind (or the ISM) and the ejecta. We propose that the thin non-thermal X-ray filaments observed by the Chandra satellite in several young SNRs are associated with such ``pile-up'' of the magnetic field. We use a one-dimensional diffusion-convection transport equation to describe the propagation of non-thermal electrons near the contact discontinuity of a young SNR and to calculate spatially resolved emission spectra in the X-ray and TeV bands. The results suggest that the high-energy electrons are possibly accelerated at the forward shock, and emitting efficiently only when they diffuse into regions of high magnetic field near the contact discontinuity. Much more likely, though, is that they are locally accelerated at the contact discontinuity, in which case the acceleration cannot be related to Fermi-type processes and should occur due to other plasma mechanisms. As a consequence, the forward shock in young SNRs is inconspicuous and often unobservable, similar to that in the Crab nebular.
description: 30 pages, 7 figs, submitted to ApJ
Who trusts strangers? findings and implications from behavioral trust experiments
Creators: name: Mislin, Alexandra
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: High levels of general trust are critical to economic growth and the integration of firms into new markets, but what factors influence the willingness to trust strangers? I examine the circumstances under which individuals across different societies are willing to trust in anonymous counterparts by aggregating and systematically analyzing a widely employed and replicated behavioral measure of trust – the Berg, Dickhaut and McCabe (1995) trust game experiments. Findings indicate that situational factors such as the relative value of what is at stake, the relative well-being of the exchange counterpart, as well as broader institutional factors including levels of government corruption influence a the willingness to trust in anonymous others.
Additional file 1 of Impaired lung function and mortality in Eastern Europe: results from multi-centre cohort study
Creators: name: Sarycheva, Tatyana
name: Capkova, Nadezda
name: Pająk, Andrzej
name: Malyutina, Sofia
name: Simonova, Galina
name: Tamosiunas, Abdonas
name: Bobák, Martin
name: Pikhart, Hynek
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Characteristics of the study sample by degree of lung function impairment based on (NHANES) III equations (n=24 993). Table S2. Characteristics of the study sample by degree of lung function impairment based on Z-score (n=24 993). Table S3. Survival data by country. Table S4. Association between degree of lung function impairment and all-cause mortality by type of FVC predicted. Table S5. Association between degree of lung function impairment (FEV1% predicted) and all-cause mortality by country (follow-up restricted to 10 years). Figure S1. Kaplan–Meier survival curves by groups of lung function impairment.
Learning representations in Bayesian Confidence Propagation neural networks
Creators: name: Ravichandran, Naresh Balaji
name: Lansner, Anders
name: Herman, Pawel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Unsupervised learning of hierarchical representations has been one of the most vibrant research directions in deep learning during recent years. In this work we study biologically inspired unsupervised strategies in neural networks based on local Hebbian learning. We propose new mechanisms to extend the Bayesian Confidence Propagating Neural Network (BCPNN) architecture, and demonstrate their capability for unsupervised learning of salient hidden representations when tested on the MNIST dataset.
Who trusts strangers? findings and implications from behavioral trust experiments
Creators: name: Mislin, Alexandra
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society

description: High levels of general trust are critical to economic growth and the integration of firms into new markets, but what factors influence the willingness to trust strangers? I examine the circumstances under which individuals across different societies are willing to trust in anonymous counterparts by aggregating and systematically analyzing a widely employed and replicated behavioral measure of trust – the Berg, Dickhaut and McCabe (1995) trust game experiments. Findings indicate that situational factors such as the relative value of what is at stake, the relative well-being of the exchange counterpart, as well as broader institutional factors including levels of government corruption influence a the willingness to trust in anonymous others.
Additional file 1 of Effect of immunosuppression on hESC-derived retina organoids in vitro and in vivo
Creators: name: Sims, Robert
name: Lin, Bin
name: Xue, Yuntian
name: Fouda, Raghda
name: McLelland, Bryce T.
name: Nistor, Gabriel
name: Keirstead, Hans S.
name: Browne, Andrew W.
name: Seiler, Magdalene J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1
Multiwavelength morphological study of active galaxies
Creators: name: Bilata-Woldeyes, Betelehem
name: Pović, Mirjana
name: Beyoro-Amado, Zeleke
name: Getachew-Woreta, Tilahun
name: Terefe, Shimeles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studying the morphology of a large sample of active galaxies at different wavelengths and comparing it with active galactic nuclei (AGN) properties, such as black hole mass ($M_{BH}$) and Eddington ratio ($λ_{Edd}$), can help us in understanding better the connection between AGN and their host galaxies and the role of nuclear activity in galaxy formation and evolution. By using the BAT-SWIFT hard X-ray public data and by extracting those parameters measured for AGN and by using other public catalogues for parameters such as stellar mass ($M_*$), star formation rate (SFR), bolometric luminosity ($L_{bol}$), etc., we studied the multiwavelength morphological properties of host galaxies of ultra-hard X-ray detected AGN and their correlation with other AGN properties. We found that ultra hard X-ray detected AGN can be hosted by all morphological types, but in larger fractions (42%) they seem to be hosted by spirals in optical, to be quiet in radio, and to have compact morphologies in X-rays. When comparing morphologies with other galaxy properties, we found that ultra hard X-ray detected AGN follow previously obtained relations. On the SFR vs. stellar mass diagram, we found that although the majority of sources are located below the main sequence (MS) of star formation (SF), still non-negligible number of sources, with diverse morphologies, is located on and/or above the MS, suggesting that AGN feedback might have more complex influence on the SF in galaxies than simply quenching it, as it was suggested in some of previous studies.
description: Proceedings paper of the IAU symposium "Nuclear Activity in Galaxies Across Cosmic Time" (Ethiopia) accepted for publishing under the Cambridge University Press, eds. M. Povi\'c, P. Marziani, J. Masegosa, H. Netzer, S. H. Negu, and S. B. Tessema
Spin transmission through quantum dots with strong spin-orbit interaction
Creators: name: Chang, Cheng-Hung
name: Mal'shukov, Anatoly G.
name: Chao, Koung-An
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum oscillations of the spin conductance through regular and chaotic 2D quantum dots under the varying Rashba spin orbit interaction and at zero magnetic field have been numerically calculated by summing up the spin evolution matrices for classical transmitting trajectories. Fourier analysis of these oscillations showed power spectra strongly dependent on the dot geometry. For narrow rings the spectra are dominated by a single peak in accordance with previous analytic results. In other geometries the spectra are represented by multiple peaks for regular QD and quasicontinuum for chaotic QD.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Efficient description of many-body systems with Matrix Product Density Operators
Creators: name: Jarkovsky, Jiri Guth
name: Molnar, Andras
name: Schuch, Norbert
name: Cirac, J. Ignacio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Matrix Product States form the basis of powerful simulation methods for ground state problems in one dimension. Their power stems from the fact that they faithfully approximate states with a low amount of entanglement, the "area law". In this work, we establish the mixed state analogue of this result: We show that one-dimensional mixed states with a low amount of entanglement, quantified by the entanglement of purification, can be efficiently approximated by Matrix Product Density Operators (MPDOs). In combination with results establishing area laws for thermal states, this helps to put the use of MPDOs in the simulation of thermal states on a formal footing.
Aperiodic nano-photonic design
Creators: name: Gheorma, Ioan L.
name: Haas, Stephan
name: Levi, A. F. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The photon scattering properties of aperiodic nano-scale dielectric structures can be tailored to closely match a desired response by using adaptive algorithms for device design. We show that broken symmetry of aperiodic designs provides access to device functions not available to conventional periodic photonic crystal structures.
description: 23 pages, LaTex, 8 postscript figures
High-field magnetoresistance of Fe/GaAs/Fe tunnel junctions
Creators: name: Zenger, M.
name: Moser, J.
name: Wegscheider, W.
name: Weiss, D.
name: Dietl, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate transport through 6 to 10 nm thin epitaxial GaAs(001) barriers sandwiched between polycrystalline iron films. Apart from a pronounced tunneling magnetoresistance effect (TMR) at low magnetic fields we observe a distinct negative magnetoresistance (MR) at low and a positive MR at higher temperatures. We show that the negative MR contribution is only observed for the ferromagnetic iron contacts but is absent if iron is replaced by copper or gold electrodes. Possible explanations of the negative MR involve suppression of spin-flip scattering or Zeeman splitting of the tunneling barrier.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Appl. Phys. Lett
Negotiation and social exchange between principal and agent
Creators: name: Bottom, William P.
name: Holloway, James
name: Miller, Gary J.
name: Mislin, Alexandra
name: Whitford, Andrew
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society

description: The principal-agent problem is fundamental to organization design. A principal must negotiate an incentive contract to motivate a more risk averse agent to undertake costly actions that cannot be observed. In rational choice theory, the problem is solved through an inefficient shifting of risk from principal to agent. However neither field studies nor prior experiments have observed the types of contracts nor the agent response predicted by this theory. Two experiments were conducted to test a modular social cognition theory explanation for this discrepancy. According to this alternative to rational choice theory, individuals have evolved specialized cognitive capabilities for dealing with exchange relations. These very human capabilities do not operate by the same logic as rational choice. Both a study of individual agent decisions to a series of hypothesized contracts in experiment one and the interactive bargaining of experiment two yielded results consistent with the modular theory. The logic of social exchange is quite different from the logic of individual choice or game theory. Implications for theory and practice are considered.
Additional file 1 of Transgenic mice expressing tunable levels of DUX4 develop characteristic facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy-like pathophysiology ranging in severity
Creators: name: Jones, Takako I.
name: Chew, Guo-Liang
name: Barraza-Flores, Pamela
name: Schreier, Spencer
name: Ramirez, Monique
name: Wuebbles, Ryan D.
name: Burkin, Dean J.
name: Bradley, Robert K.
name: Jones, Peter L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1.FLExDUX4 transgenic mice kept in different housing facilities acquire different mouth and gut microbiomes and have differing alopecia and GI health. Figure S2. Mosaic tamoxifen dose-dependent recombination in gastrocnemius muscle of ACTA1-MCM;R26NZG bi-transgenic mice. Figure S3. Increased TMX dosage leads to increased mosaic recombination in skeletal muscle of ACTA1-MCM;R26NZG bi-transgenic mice. Figure S4. There is no significant difference in the transgene recombination rate between male and female ACTA1-MCM/FLExD bi-transgenic FSHD-like mice. Figure S5. Quantification of DUX4-FL protein positive myonuclei. Figure S6. The moderate and severe FSHD-like mouse models show significant weight loss. Figure S7. Maximum isometric forces of the female FSHD-like mouse models. Figure S8. Maximum and specific isometric forces of the male mild and severe FSHD-like mouse models. Figure S9. Pax7 target genes are not significantly misexpressed in the FSHD-like mouse models. Figure S10. GO enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes (>2-fold) in the different FSHD-like severity model mice. Figure S11. Fiber number per cross-section does not significantly change with severity. Figure S12. The heart is not affected by TMX treatment in control or bi-transgenic animals. Figure S13. Quantification of eMyHC positive muscle cells in different FSHD-like mouse models. Figure S14.Mstn gene mRNA expression decreases with increased DUX4-fl expression in the FSHD-like mouse models. Figure S15. Quantification of TUNEL positive nuclei in FSHD-like mouse models. Figure S16. Quantification of SR staining shows significant fibrosis in late stages of the moderate and severe FSHD-like mouse models. Figure S17. Cardiac muscle from FSHD-like mouse models shows no signs of increased fibrosis.
Negotiation and social exchange between principal and agent
Creators: name: Bottom, William P.
name: Holloway, James
name: Miller, Gary J.
name: Mislin, Alexandra
name: Whitford, Andrew
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The principal-agent problem is fundamental to organization design. A principal must negotiate an incentive contract to motivate a more risk averse agent to undertake costly actions that cannot be observed. In rational choice theory, the problem is solved through an inefficient shifting of risk from principal to agent. However neither field studies nor prior experiments have observed the types of contracts nor the agent response predicted by this theory. Two experiments were conducted to test a modular social cognition theory explanation for this discrepancy. According to this alternative to rational choice theory, individuals have evolved specialized cognitive capabilities for dealing with exchange relations. These very human capabilities do not operate by the same logic as rational choice. Both a study of individual agent decisions to a series of hypothesized contracts in experiment one and the interactive bargaining of experiment two yielded results consistent with the modular theory. The logic of social exchange is quite different from the logic of individual choice or game theory. Implications for theory and practice are considered.
Additional file 1 of Bayesian compositional generalized linear mixed models for disease prediction using microbiome data
Creators: name: Zhang, Li
name: Zhang, Xinyan
name: Leach, Justin M.
name: Rahman, A. K. M. F.
name: Howell, Carrie R.
name: Yi, Nengjun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Supplementary Material 1.
Dissipative Quantum Control
Creators: name: Solomon, Allan I
name: Schirmer, Sonia G
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nature, in the form of dissipation, inevitably intervenes in our efforts to control a quantum system. In this talk we show that although we cannot, in general, compensate for dissipation by coherent control of the system, such effects are not always counterproductive; for example, the transformation from a thermal (mixed) state to a cold condensed (pure state) can only be achieved by non-unitary effects such as population and phase relaxation.
description: Contribution to Proceedings of \emph{ICCSUR 8} held in Puebla, Mexico, July 2003, based on talk presented by Allan Solomon (ca 8 pages, latex, 1 latex figure, 2 pdf figures converted to eps, appear to cause some trouble)
Disappearance of N2H+ from the Gas Phase in the Class 0 Protostar IRAM 04191
Creators: name: Belloche, Arnaud
name: Andre, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a high-resolution millimeter study of the very young Class 0 protostar IRAM 04191+1522 in the Taurus molecular cloud. N2H+(1-0) observations with the IRAM Plateau de Bure Interferometer and 30m telescope demonstrate that the molecular ion N2H+ disappears from the gas phase in the inner part of the protostellar envelope (r < 1600 AU, n(H2) > 5 x 10^5 cm^-3). This result departs from the predictions of current chemical models. It suggests either that N2 is more depleted than the models predict, owing to a higher binding energy on polar ice or an enhanced grain chemistry transforming N2 to less volatile species, or that strong deuterium fractionation enhances N2D+ to the detriment of N2H+.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics Letters
Tight Bounds on the Coeffcients of Consecutive $k$-out-of-$n$:$F$ Systems
Creators: name: Drăgoi, Vlad-Florin
name: Cowell, Simon R.
name: Beiu, Valeriu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we compute the coefficients of the reliability polynomial of a consecutive-$k$-out-of-$n$:$F$ system, in Bernstein basis, using the generalized Pascal coefficients. Based on well-known combinatorial properties of the generalized Pascal triangle we determine simple closed formulae for the reliability polynomial of a consecutive system for particular ranges of $k$. Moreover, for the remaining ranges of $k$ (where we were not able to determine simple closed formulae), we establish easy to calculate sharp bounds for the reliability polynomial of a consecutive system.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, accepted for presentation at the International Conference on Computers Communications and Control (ICCCC), May 2020
Psychological foundations of the behavioral theory of negotiation
Creators: name: Mislin, Alexandra
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Walton and McKersie’s Behavioral Theory of Labor Negotiation sought to provide a descriptive theory of the process by which union and management negotiators reached settlements. Their paper drew on existing psychology, behavioral decision theory, and game theory. The basic psychological model of the negotiator was essentially the same as that used in most rational choice theory. Since then descriptive research on negotiation has branched into numerous subfields. Thompson recently characterized the state of research as a many sided prism. In this paper we use recent developments in evolutionary psychology to suggest an alternative psychological foundation for a general behavioral theory of negotiation. Such a theory would not be wedded to the particular institutional structure of collective bargaining. It may begin to synthesize the empirical regularities regarding different aspects of negotiation that have been discovered since the work of Walton and McKersie.
Psychological foundations of the behavioral theory of negotiation
Creators: name: Mislin, Alexandra
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Walton and McKersie’s Behavioral Theory of Labor Negotiation sought to provide a descriptive theory of the process by which union and management negotiators reached settlements. Their paper drew on existing psychology, behavioral decision theory, and game theory. The basic psychological model of the negotiator was essentially the same as that used in most rational choice theory. Since then descriptive research on negotiation has branched into numerous subfields. Thompson recently characterized the state of research as a many sided prism. In this paper we use recent developments in evolutionary psychology to suggest an alternative psychological foundation for a general behavioral theory of negotiation. Such a theory would not be wedded to the particular institutional structure of collective bargaining. It may begin to synthesize the empirical regularities regarding different aspects of negotiation that have been discovered since the work of Walton and McKersie.
Food marketing in the digital age : A conceptual framework
Creators: name: Montgomery, Kathryn
name: Grier, Sonya
name: Chester, Jeff
name: Dorfman, Lori
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3506
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Description to be added
Combining Uncertain and Paradoxical Evidences for DSm Hybrid Models
Creators: name: Dezert, Jean
name: Smarandache, Florentin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 68T37, 94A15, 94A17, 68T40

description: This paper presents a general method for combining uncertain and paradoxical source of evidences for a wide class of fusion problems. From the foundations of the Dezert-Smarandache Theory (DSmT) we show how the DSm rule of combination can be adapted to take into account all possible integrity constraints (if any) of the problem under consideration due to the true nature of elements/concepts involved into it. We show how the Shafer's model can be considered as a specific DSm hybrid model and be easily handled by our approach and a new efficient rule of combination different from the Dempster's rule is obtained. Several simple examples are also provided to show the efficiency and the generality of the approach proposed in this work.
description: 33 pages, many tables and graphs, computer programming
Additional file 1 of Investigation of a thermostable multi-domain xylanase-glucuronoyl esterase enzyme from Caldicellulosiruptor kristjanssonii incorporating multiple carbohydrate-binding modules
Creators: name: Krska, Daniel
name: Larsbrink, Johan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1. Additional table and figures.
How is climate change communication being taught in Australian universities? Exploring current practice, barriers, and opportunities
Creators: name: Carew, Matt Joseph
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 410103
subject: Human impacts of climate change and human adaptation
classificationCode: 390101
subject: Creative arts, media and communication curriculum and pedagogy

description: Climate change communication is an important aspect of effective education on climate change, but there is very little published research on how this topic is currently being taught. This thesis explores how climate change communication is being taught in Australian universities, and the factors that could be helping or hindering its integration.
Exciton spin relaxation in single semiconductor quantum dots
Creators: name: Tsitsishvili, E.
name: Baltz, R. v.
name: Kalt, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the relaxation of the exciton spin (longitudinal relaxation time $T_{1}$) in single asymmetrical quantum dots due to an interplay of the short--range exchange interaction and acoustic phonon deformation. The calculated relaxation rates are found to depend strongly on the dot size, magnetic field and temperature. For typical quantum dots and temperatures below 100 K, the zero--magnetic field relaxation times are long compared to the exciton lifetime, yet they are strongly reduced in high magnetic fields. We discuss explicitly quantum dots based on (In,Ga)As and (Cd,Zn)Se semiconductor compounds.
description: accepted for Phys. Rev. B
Mic2Mic: Using Cycle-Consistent Generative Adversarial Networks to Overcome Microphone Variability in Speech Systems
Creators: name: Mathur, Akhil
name: Isopoussu, Anton
name: Kawsar, Fahim
name: Berthouze, Nadia
name: Lane, Nicholas D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.1; C.m

description: Mobile and embedded devices are increasingly using microphones and audio-based computational models to infer user context. A major challenge in building systems that combine audio models with commodity microphones is to guarantee their accuracy and robustness in the real-world. Besides many environmental dynamics, a primary factor that impacts the robustness of audio models is microphone variability. In this work, we propose Mic2Mic -- a machine-learned system component -- which resides in the inference pipeline of audio models and at real-time reduces the variability in audio data caused by microphone-specific factors. Two key considerations for the design of Mic2Mic were: a) to decouple the problem of microphone variability from the audio task, and b) put a minimal burden on end-users to provide training data. With these in mind, we apply the principles of cycle-consistent generative adversarial networks (CycleGANs) to learn Mic2Mic using unlabeled and unpaired data collected from different microphones. Our experiments show that Mic2Mic can recover between 66% to 89% of the accuracy lost due to microphone variability for two common audio tasks.
description: Published at ACM IPSN 2019
Spectral flow and boundary string field theory for angled D-branes
Creators: name: Jones, Nicholas T.
name: Tye, S. -H. Henry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: D-branes intersecting at an arbitrary fixed angle generically constitute a configuration unstable toward recombination. The reconnection of the branes nucleates at the intersection point and involves a generalization of the process of brane decay of interest to non-perturbative string dynamics as well as cosmology. After reviewing the string spectrum of systems of angled branes, we show that worldsheet twist superfields may be used in the context of Boundary Superstring Field Theory to describe the dynamics. Changing the angle between the branes is seen from the worldsheet as spectral flow with boundary insertions flowing from bosonic to fermionic operators. We calculate the complete tachyon potential and the low energy effective action as a function of angle and find an expression that interpolates between the brane-antibrane and the Dirac-Born-Infeld actions. The potential captures the mechanism of D-brane recombination and provides for interesting new physics for tachyon decay.
description: 32 pages, 9 figures; v2 references added; v3 discussion clarified
Additional file 1 of Evaluating convergence between two data visualization literacy assessments
Creators: name: Brockbank, Erik
name: Verma, Arnav
name: Lloyd, Hannah
name: Huey, Holly
name: Padilla, Lace
name: Fan, Judith E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary file 1.
DEVELOPMENT OF SERVICE IN ECOLOGICAL AND RELIGIOUS TOURISM OBJECTS AS EXAMPLE, CHOR-CHINAR ECOLOGICAL-RELIGIOUS COMPLEX, URGUT DISTRICT IN SAMARKAND REGION
Creators: name: Gafforova, Shahrizoda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This article examines the impact of service quality on tourist satisfaction and loyalty at the Chor-chinor religious and ecological site. The study emphasizes the importance of enhancing services such as transport, dining, and auxiliary facilities to meet tourists’ expectations. It suggests that the current marketing efforts to attract tourists are insufficient, and basic services need improvement. The findings indicate that improving service quality can lead to increased satisfaction and loyalty among visitors, ultimately benefiting the local economy and community.
Double jeopardy : poorer social-emotional outcomes for children in the NICHD SECCYD experiencing home and child care environments that confer risk
Creators: name: Watamura, Sarah Enos
name: Phillips, Deborah A.
name: Morrissey, Taryn
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society

description: Description to be added
An Extensive Census of HST Counterparts to Chandra X-ray Sources in the Globular Cluster 47 Tucanae. I. Astrometry and Photometry
Creators: name: Edmonds, Peter D.
name: Gilliland, Ronald L.
name: Heinke, Craig O.
name: Grindlay, Jonathan E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the largest number of optical identifications of X-ray sources yet obtained in a single globular cluster. Using deep Chandra/ACIS-I imaging and extensive HST studies with WFPC2, we have detected optical counterparts to at least 22 cataclysmic variables (CVs) and 29 chromospherically active binaries (BY Dras and RS CVns) in 47 Tuc. These identifications are all based on tight astrometric matches between X-ray sources and objects with unusual (non main sequence) optical colors and/or optical variability. In the U vs U-V color magnitude diagram (CMD), the CVs all show evidence for blue colors compared to the main sequence, but most of them fall close to the main sequence in the V vs V-I CMD, showing that the secondary stars dominate the optical light. The X-ray detected active binaries have magnitude offsets above the main sequence that are indistinguishable from those of the much larger sample of optical variables (eclipsing and contact binaries and BY Dras) detected in the WFPC2 studies of Albrow et al. (2001). We also present the results of a new, deeper search for optical companions to MSPs. One possible optical companion to an MSP (47 Tuc T) was found, adding to the two optical companions already known. Finally, we study several blue stars with periodic variability from Albrow et al. (2001) that show little or no evidence for X-ray emission. The optical colors of these objects differ from those of 47 Tuc (and field) CVs.
description: Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal. 25 pages, 12 figures, 3 tables, abridged abstract. Some figures at reduced resolution
Economic development strategies to promote quality childcare
Creators: name: Warner, Mildred
name: Adriance, Shira
name: Barai, Nikita
name: Hallas, Jenna
name: Markeson, Bjorn
name: Morrissey, Taryn
name: Soref, Wendy
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Across the country as state and local teams have conducted economic analyses of the child care sector, they have faced the challenge of how to take the next step and build linkages between economic development and child care policy. The intent of this document it two fold: 1) to educate the child care community in the core concepts of economic development, and 2) to assist the economic development community to see the connections between their work and the child care sector. To this end the document is split into two distinct sections. STRATEGY GUIDE The main text of the document allows the child care community to understand the intent, process and language of economic developers and economic development planning. It describes the basic principles of economic development and the process of economic development planning. It then makes the connection between child care and economic development. TOOLBOX The second part of this report is a toolbox that goes into more detail regarding the specific tools of economic development and examples of how these tools have been applied to child care. It is designed so that readers can easily identify alternative strategies most applicable to their communities. Short descriptions are provided of specific interventions communities have tried to strengthen the child care sector using economic development strategies. This document is one of a series of extension reports created by the Cornell Linking Economic Development and Child Care project.
Additional file 3 of Effects and safety of the combination of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and hyaluronic acid (HA) in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Zhao, Jinlong
name: Huang, Hetao
name: Liang, Guihong
name: Zeng, Ling-Feng
name: Yang, Weiyi
name: Liu, Jun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional files 3.