cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Income Stabilisation in a Changing Agricultural World: Policy and Tools
Creators: name: Garrido, Alberto
name: Bielza, Maria
name: Garrido, Alberto
name: Bielza, Maria
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008

description: This paper attempts to draw conclusions regarding Risk Management instruments (RMI) for potential development or expansion in the EU (Garrido and Bielza, 2007). Using data from EU countries, compiled in the course of two EU research projects about RMIs, we perform a cross-sectional analysis of the role of agricultural insurance and ad hoc payments. Tests of comparisons of means of key insurance data reveal the impact of insurance policies and the degree of competitiveness in supply side. While the presence of subsidies explains differences across EU member states' (MSs) insurance data, the degree of competitiveness is not a differentiating factor. In the last part of the paper, we rate a number of RMIs on the basis of a number of criteria. We conclude that RMIs on EU scale should be flexible enough to accommodate very diverse risk contexts, farmers’ demands and ongoing national programmes. Our conclusions may be useful in defining RMIs within the scope of European Agricultural Policy, and as an extension of similar studies (Cafiero et al. 2005; European Commission (2006a).
Charge qubits in semiconductor quantum computer architectures: Tunnel coupling and decoherence
Creators: name: Hu, Xuedong
name: Koiller, Belita
name: Sarma, S. Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider charge qubits based on shallow donor electron states in silicon and coupled quantum dots in GaAs. Specifically, we study the feasibility of P$_2^+$ charge qubits in Si, focusing on single qubit properties in terms of tunnel coupling between the two phosphorus donors and qubit decoherence caused by electron-phonon interaction. By taking into consideration the multi-valley structure of the Si conduction band, we show that inter-valley quantum interference has important consequences for single-qubit operations of P$_2^+$ charge qubits. In particular, the valley interference leads to a tunnel-coupling strength distribution centered around zero. On the other hand, we find that the Si bandstructure does not dramatically affect the electron-phonon coupling and consequently, qubit coherence. We also critically compare charge qubit properties for Si:P$_2^+$ and GaAs double quantum dot quantum computer architectures.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Correlations in few two-component quantum walkers on a tilted lattice
Creators: name: Sarkar, Saubhik
name: Sowiński, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of inter-component interactions on the dynamical properties of quantum walkers. We consider the simplest situation of two indistinguishable non-interacting walkers on a tilted optical lattice interacting with a walker from a different component. The mediated effect of the third particle is then analyzed in the backdrop of various controlling parameters. The interaction-induced two-particle correlations are shown to be non-trivially affected by the particle statistics, choice of initial states, and tilting configurations of the lattice. Our analysis thus offers an overall picture and serves as a starting point of a study of interacting multi-component quantum walkers.
description: close to the published version
Additional file 8 of Photosynthetic performance and photosynthesis-related gene expression coordinated in a shade-tolerant species Panax notoginseng under nitrogen regimes
Creators: name: Zhang, Jin-Yan
name: Cun, Zhu
name: Chen, Jun-Wen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 8: Figure S7. The pathway and genes encoding for the photoprotection. In heat map, firebrick indicates that the gene has a high expression in the nitrogen level; navy indicates that the gene has a lower expression in the nitrogen level. (a) The expression pattern of DEGs involved in Lutein cycle. (b) The expression pattern of DEGs involved in Antioxidant pathway. (c) The expression pattern of DEGs involved in Chlorophyll degradation pathway. (d) The expression pattern of DEGs involved in nitrate assimilation. (e) The expression pattern of DEGs involved in Carotenoid metabolism.
Methods of Risk Protection Used by Polish Farmers
Creators: name: Kloczko-Gajewska, Anna
name: Sulewski, Piotr
name: Kloczko-Gajewska, Anna
name: Sulewski, Piotr
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: risk in agriculture
subject: risk management
subject: family farms

description: To answer the research question: what methods of protection against risk do Polish farmers use depending on the farm type, the sample was divided into clusters depending on farm characteristics. The results show that small farms use completely different risk management tools than medium and large farms, no matter what their main product is. There is also a significant difference between farms that have relatively large share of off-farm income and the remaining ones. Summing up, policy makers should prepare a diversified offer of risk management tools for farmers, depending on their needs.
Glass formation in binary alloys with different atomic symmetries
Creators: name: Hu, Yuan-Chao
name: Zhang, Kai
name: Kube, Sebastian A.
name: Schroers, Jan
name: Shattuck, Mark D.
name: O'Hern, Corey S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Prediction of the glass forming ability (GFA) of alloys remains a major challenge. We are not able to predict the composition dependence of the GFA of even binary alloys. To investigate the effect of each element's propensity to form particular crystal structures on glass formation, we focus on binary alloys composed of elements with the same size, but different atomic symmetries using the patchy-particle model. For mixtures with atomic symmetries that promote different crystal structures, the minimum critical cooling rate $R_c$ is only a factor of $5$ lower than that for the pure substances. For mixtures with different atomic symmetries that promote local crystalline and icosahedral order, the minimum $R_c$ is more than $3$ orders of magnitude lower than that for pure substances. Results for $R_c$ for the patchy-particle model are in agreement with those from embedded atom method simulations and sputtering experiments of NiCu, TiAl, and high entropy alloys.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Collaborative Supply Chain Initiatives as Devices to Cope with Income Variability in the Scottish Red Meat Sector
Creators: name: Revoredo-Giha, Cesar
name: Leat, Philip M.K.
name: Revoredo-Giha, Cesar
name: Leat, Philip M.K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Income instability
subject: producers’ clubs
subject: red meat sector
subject: Scotland

description: The purpose of this paper is to discuss whether collaborative supply chain initiatives may help to provide income stability for farmers, focussing the analysis on the red meat supply chain in Scotland. Collaborative supply chains may contribute with two elements to attain higher income stability: first, greater demand stability and market access, and second, less variability in the price received for carcasses, as the produced output fits better the required specifications (i.e., no lost premia). The analysis of a survey applied to Scottish red meat producers showed that farmers that are part of a producers’ club do not differ from other farmers in their perception of marketing problems (e.g., price stability, etc.). However, in terms of their marketing aims, at least for beef producers, they seem to be more satisfied than farmers selling through auctions. An in-depth case study of a producers’ club in Scotland showed that farmers within the club are heterogeneous, not all of them taking advantage of the possibilities offered by the club in terms of improving the quality of their output and targeting better the required specifications, which creates potential to attain more stable income.
Incommensurate magnetic ordering in Cu2Te2O5X2 (X=Cl, Br) studied by single crystal neutron diffraction
Creators: name: Zaharko, O.
name: Ronnow, H.
name: Mesot, J.
name: Crowe, S. J.
name: Paul, D. M^cK.
name: Brown, P. J.
name: Daoud-Aladine, A.
name: Meents, A.
name: Wagner, A.
name: Prester, M.
name: Berger, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polarized and unpolarized neutron diffraction studies have been carried out on single crystals of the coupled spin tetrahedra systems Cu2Te2O5X2 (X=Cl, Br). A model of the magnetic structure associated with the propagation vectors k'Cl ~ -0.150,0.422,1/2 and k'Br ~ -0.172,0.356,1/2 and stable below TN=18 K for X=Cl and TN=11 K for X=Br is proposed. A feature of the model, common to both the bromide and chloride, is a canted coplanar motif for the 4 Cu2+ spins on each tetrahedron which rotates on a helix from cell to cell following the propagation vector. The Cu2+magnetic moment determined for X=Br, 0.395(5)muB, is significantly less than for X=Cl, 0.88(1)muB at 2K. The magnetic structure of the chloride associated with the wave-vector k' differs from that determined previously for the wave vector k~0.150,0.422,1/2 [O. Zaharko et.al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 217206 (2004)].
Status of the Standard Solar Model Prediction of Solar Neutrino Fluxes
Creators: name: Gai, Moshe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Standard Solar Model (BP04) predicts a total 8B neutrino flux that is 17.2% larger than measured in the salt phase of the SNO detector (and if it were significant it will indicate oscillation to sterile neutrinos). Hence it is important to examine in details uncertainties (and values) of inputs to the SSM. Currently, the largest fractional uncertainty is due to the new evaluation of the surface composition of the sun. We examine the nuclear input on the formation of solar 8B [S17(0)] and demonstrate that it is still quite uncertain due to ill known slope of the measured astrophysical cross section factor and thus ill defined extrapolation to zero energy. This yields an additional reasonably estimated uncertainty due to extrapolation of +0.0 -3.0 eV-b (+0% -14%). Since a large discrepancy exists among measured as well as among predicted slopes, the value of S17(0) is dependent on the choice of data and theory used to extrapolate S17(0). This situation must be alleviated by new measurement(s). The "world average" is driven by the Seattle result due to the very small quoted uncertainty, which we however demonstrate it to be an over-estimated accuracy. We propose more realistic error bars for the Seattle results based on the published Seattle data.
description: Fifth International Conferenceon Non-Accelerator New Physics, Dubna, June 20-25, 2005. Work Supported by USDOE Grant No. DE-FG02-94ER40870
Additional file 5 of Photosynthetic performance and photosynthesis-related gene expression coordinated in a shade-tolerant species Panax notoginseng under nitrogen regimes
Creators: name: Zhang, Jin-Yan
name: Cun, Zhu
name: Chen, Jun-Wen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 5: Table S1. KEGG enrichment analysis of the first 13 pathways related to the protective mechanism.
Managing Weather and Price Risk on a Farm Level: A case study of linear programming in optimization of farm production structure
Creators: name: Mazurkiewicz, Andrzej
name: Mazurkiewicz, Andrzej
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008

description: Weather and price risks have always been a significant factor in agriculture. Although, on academic level, a number of advanced methods of reducing the above risks is known, polish farmers definitely do not use them. During long history of agriculture, however, heuristic methods regarding the weather risk have been developed by them. Those methods can be embedded while constructing linear models of farms. This paper presents results obtained from a practical application of a newly developed linear farm model generator. It has been used to analyze profitability of the “Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Experimental Station” in Radzików in Poland, while taking the weather and price risks in consideration.
The New Generation Planetary Population Synthesis (NGPPS). III. Warm super-Earths and cold Jupiters: A weak occurrence correlation, but with a strong architecture-composition link
Creators: name: Schlecker, M.
name: Mordasini, C.
name: Emsenhuber, A.
name: Klahr, H.
name: Henning, Th.
name: Burn, R.
name: Alibert, Y.
name: Benz, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observational findings have suggested a positive correlation between the occurrence rates of inner super-Earths and outer giant planets. These results raise the question of whether this trend can be reproduced and explained by planet formation theory. Here, we investigate the properties of inner super-Earths and outer giant planets that form according to a core accretion scenario. We study the mutual relations between these planet species in synthetic planetary systems and compare them to the observed exoplanet population. We invoked the Generation 3 Bern model of planet formation and evolution to simulate 1000 multi-planet systems. We then confronted these synthetic systems with the observed sample, taking into account the detection bias that distorts the observed demographics. The formation of warm super-Earths and cold Jupiters in the same system is enhanced compared to the individual appearances, although it is weaker than what has been proposed through observations. We attribute the discrepancy to warm and dynamically active giant planets that frequently disrupt the inner systems, particularly in high-metallicity environments. In general, a joint occurrence of the two planet types requires intermediate solid reservoirs in the originating protoplanetary disk. Furthermore, we find differences in the volatile content of planets in different system architectures and predict that high-density super-Earths are more likely to host an outer giant. This correlation can be tested observationally.
description: 29 pages, 28 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Pion Rescattering in Nuclei
Creators: name: Paschos, E. A.
name: Schienbein, I.
name: Yu, J. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nuclear corrections are presented for neutrino and electron induced reactions in a pedagogical manner. The formalism is demonstrated with numerical studies and is shown to produce substantial corrections in channels where the pions have the same charge with the exchanged current. Two comparisons with available data show consistency of the model. Further studies along these lines will improve the accuracy of the results and enhance the discovery potential of experiments.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, to appear in the Proceedings of the 3rd Int. Workshop on Neutrino-Nucleon Interaction (NUINT'04)
Additional file 6 of Photosynthetic performance and photosynthesis-related gene expression coordinated in a shade-tolerant species Panax notoginseng under nitrogen regimes
Creators: name: Zhang, Jin-Yan
name: Cun, Zhu
name: Chen, Jun-Wen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 6: Figure S5. Calvin cycle pathways of Panax notoginseng and hierarchical cluster analysis of genes that were differentially expressed under different nitrogen level. Red indicates that the gene has a high expression in the nitrogen level; green indicates that the gene has a lower expression in the nitrogen level.
Managing Price Risk in a Changing Policy Environment: The Case of the EU Dairy Industry
Creators: name: O'Connor, Declan
name: Keane, Michael
name: Barnes, Edel
name: O'Connor, Declan
name: Keane, Michael
name: Barnes, Edel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Dairy
subject: Risk Management
subject: EU
subject: US

description: The EU dairy industry faces an unprecedented level of change. The anticipated removal of milk quotas and the move to a less restricted global trade environment will provide the industry with both opportunities and challenges. The primary challenge will be the need for the industry to deal with more volatile prices. Active management of the risks associated with these more volatile prices will help to place the industry in a more competitive position. However this will require the industry and policy makers to embrace a new set of tools. For example the US dairy industry has been much more active in the management of risk and lessons from their experience provide a valuable insight into which tools may be more appropriate in an EU context.
Detecting out-of-time-order correlations via quasi-adiabatic echoes as a tool to reveal quantum coherence in equilibrium quantum phase transitions
Creators: name: Lewis-Swan, Robert J.
name: Muleady, Sean R.
name: Rey, Ana Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new dynamical method to connect equilibrium quantum phase transitions and quantum coherence using out-of-time-order correlations (OTOCs). Adopting the iconic Lipkin-Meshkov-Glick and transverse-field Ising models as illustrative examples, we show that an abrupt change in coherence and entanglement of the ground state across a quantum phase transition is observable in the spectrum of multiple quantum coherence (MQC) intensities, which are a special type of OTOC. We also develop a robust protocol to obtain the relevant OTOCs using quasi-adiabatic quenches through the ground state phase diagram. Our scheme allows for the detection of OTOCs without time-reversal of coherent dynamics, making it applicable and important for a broad range of current experiments where time-reversal cannot be achieved by inverting the sign of the underlying Hamiltonian.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, and supplementary material; v5: updated affiliation, minor improvements to main manuscript
Additional file 3 of Photosynthetic performance and photosynthesis-related gene expression coordinated in a shade-tolerant species Panax notoginseng under nitrogen regimes
Creators: name: Zhang, Jin-Yan
name: Cun, Zhu
name: Chen, Jun-Wen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 3: Figure S3. Responses of PSII total electron transport rate (JT, a), rate of electron transport for oxidation reaction (JO, b) and carboxylation reaction (JC, c) to photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) in Panax notoginseng grown under different levels of nitrogen. Values for each point were means ± SD (n = 7). Significant differences are indicated by asterisks (ANOVA; P values ≤0.05).
Policy Risk Through Modulation of Direct Payments: Can Farms Live with a Strategic Disadvantage?
Creators: name: Osuch, Amanda
name: Sahrbacher, Christoph
name: Kellermann, Konrad
name: Happe, Kathrin
name: Osuch, Amanda
name: Sahrbacher, Christoph
name: Kellermann, Konrad
name: Happe, Kathrin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: modulation
subject: CAP
subject: decoupling
subject: agri-environmental payments

description: This paper explores the impacts of modulation as suggested by the EU Commission (“Preparing for the “Health Check” of the CAP reform”, 2007). The agent-based model AgriPoliS has been adapted to the case study region Ostprignitz-Ruppin (Brandenburg, Germany). Impacts on farm structures, regional production and the distribution of profits throughout farms are investigated, as well as impacts of the transfer of money coming from modulation to a second pillar measure widely spread in the case study region. The relative gains or losses of farms depending on their modulation groups are documented and potential expectations on such policies discussed.
Exciton-polaron interactions in monolayer WS$_2$
Creators: name: Muir, Jack B.
name: Levinsen, Jesper
name: Earl, Stuart K.
name: Conway, Mitchell A.
name: Cole, Jared H.
name: Wurdack, Matthias
name: Mishra, Rishabh
name: Ing, David J.
name: Estrecho, Eliezer
name: Lu, Yuerui
name: Efimkin, Dmitry K.
name: Tollerud, Jonathan O.
name: Ostrovskaya, Elena A.
name: Parish, Meera M.
name: Davis, Jeffrey A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interactions between quasiparticles are of fundamental importance and ultimately determine the macroscopic properties of quantum matter. A famous example is the phenomenon of superconductivity, which arises from attractive electron-electron interactions that are mediated by phonons or even other more exotic fluctuations in the material. Here we introduce mobile exciton impurities into a two-dimensional electron gas and investigate the interactions between the resulting Fermi polaron quasiparticles. We employ multi-dimensional coherent spectroscopy on monolayer WS$_2$, which provides an ideal platform for determining the nature of polaron-polaron interactions due to the underlying trion fine structure and the valley specific optical selection rules. At low electron doping densities, we find that the dominant interactions are between polaron states that are dressed by the same Fermi sea. In the absence of bound polaron pairs (bipolarons), we show using a minimal microscopic model that these interactions originate from a phase-space filling effect, where excitons compete for the same electrons. We furthermore reveal the existence of a bipolaron bound state with remarkably large binding energy, involving excitons in different valleys cooperatively bound to the same electron. Our work lays the foundation for probing and understanding strong electron correlation effects in two-dimensional layered structures such as moiré superlattices.
Observations of convection in A-type stars
Creators: name: Smalley, Barry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Convection and turbulence in stellar atmospheres have a significant effect on the emergent flux from A-type stars. The recent theoretical advancements in convection modelling have proved a challenge to the observers to obtain measurements with sufficient precision and accuracy to allow discrimination between the various predictions. A discussion of the current observational techniques used to evaluate the various convection theories is presented. These include filter photometry, spectrophotometry, hydrogen lines, and metal lines. The results from these techniques are given, along with the successes and limitations.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, Invited Lecture at IAU Symposium 224 "The A Star Puzzle", 7-13 July 2004, Poprad, Slovakia
Farm Income Variability in Hungary: A Comparison with the EU Based on FADN Records
Creators: name: Podruzsik, Szilard
name: Hubbard, Carmen
name: Keszthelyi, Szilard
name: Hubbard, Lionel J.
name: Podruzsik, Szilard
name: Hubbard, Carmen
name: Keszthelyi, Szilard
name: Hubbard, Lionel J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008

description: This paper intends to shed some light upon the changes in farm incomes in Hungary as a result of the country’s accession to the EU in 2004. Subsidies for arable farms increased by 20 percent over three years. The highest degree of increase is observed in the case of arable farms. In terms of national farm subsidies the largest increase can also be identified in the case of large corporate arable and mixed farms. Nevertheless, it was found that the farm income level in Hungary is only half of that in the EU-25.
The ionization structure of early-B supergiant winds
Creators: name: Prinja, R. K.
name: Massa, D.
name: Searle, S. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present empirically determined ionization conditions for the winds of 106 luminous B0 to B5 stars observed by IUE. The UV wind lines are modelled to extract products of mass-loss rates (Mdot) times ionization fractions (Mdot q_i(w), where w = v/v_infty) for N V, C IV, Si IV, Si III, Al III and C II. We describe the general behaviour of the Mdot q_i(w) and their ratios, demonstrating that the wind ionization increases with distance from the star, contrary to recent findings for O star winds. Using empirical mass-loss rates (from H alpha observations) and model prescriptions, we derive mean q_i(w) values integrated over the wind, . These are quite small, never exceeding 15% for Al III or 2% for Si IV. This is surprising, since the for these ions clearly peak within the observed spectral range. We conclude that the low arise because the are underestimated by the wind models, which assume that the outflows are smooth when they are, in fact, highly structured.
description: Accepted by A&A letters, 4 pages, 3 figures
On the Period--Luminosity--Metallicity relation of Classical Cepheids
Creators: name: Ripepi, V.
name: Catanzaro, G.
name: Molinaro, R.
name: Marconi, M.
name: Clementini, G.
name: Cusano, F.
name: De Somma, G.
name: Leccia, S.
name: Musella, I.
name: Testa, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classical Cepheids (DCEPs) are the most important primary indicators for the extragalactic distance scale. Establishing the dependence on metallicity of their period--luminosity and period--Wesenheit (PL/PW) relations has deep consequences on the estimate of the Hubble constant (H$_0$). We aim at investigating the dependence on metal abundance ([Fe/H]) of the PL/PW relations for Galactic DCEPs. We combined proprietary and literature photometric and spectroscopic data, gathering a total sample of 413 Galactic DCEPs (372 fundamental mode -- DCEP\_F and 41 first overtone -- DCEP\_1O) and constructed new metallicity-dependent PL/PW relations in the near infra-red (NIR) adopting the Astrometric Based Luminosity. We find indications that the slopes of the PL$(K_S)$ and PW$(J,K_S)$ relations for Galactic DCEPs might depend on metallicity when compared to the Large Magellanic Cloud relationships. Therefore, we have used a generalized form of the PL/PW relations to simultaneously take into account the metallicity dependence of the slope and intercept of these relations. We calculated PL/PW relations which, for the first time, explicitly include a metallicity dependence of both the slope and intercept terms. Although the insufficient quality of the available data makes our results not yet conclusive, they are relevant from a methodological point of view. The new relations are linked to the geometric measurement of the distance to the Large Magellanic Cloud and allowed us to estimate a {\it Gaia} DR2 parallax zero point offset $Δ\varpi$=0.0615$\pm$0.004 mas from the dataset of DCEPs used in this work.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication on Astronomy and Astrophysics
The Role of Public-Private Partnerships and Collective Action in Ensuring Smallholder Participation in High Value Fruit and Vegetable Supply Chains
Creators: name: Narrod, Clare A.
name: Roy, Devesh
name: Okello, Julius Juma
name: Avendano, Belem
name: Rich, Karl M.
name: Narrod, Clare A.
name: Roy, Devesh
name: Okello, Julius Juma
name: Avendano, Belem
name: Rich, Karl M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: food safety
subject: supply chain management
subject: public private partnerships
subject: collective action
subject: public and private standards
subject: traceability

description: Many developing countries have moved into the production of non-traditional agricultural products to diversify their exports and increase foreign currency earnings. Accessing developed country markets and urban domestic markets requires meeting the food safety requirements due to several demand and supply side factors. Food retailers have developed protocols relating to pesticide residues, field and packinghouse operations, and traceability. In this changing scenario where food safety requirements are getting increasingly stringent, there are worries regarding the livelihood of the poor since companies that establish production centers in LDCs might exclude them. Poor producers face problems of how to produce safe food, be recognized as producing safe food, identify cost-effective technologies for reducing risk, and be competitive with larger producers with advantage of economies of scale in compliance with food safety requirements. In enabling the smallholders to remain competitive in such a system, new institutional arrangements are required. In particular, public-private partnerships can play a key role in creating farm to fork linkages that can satisfy the market demands for food safety while retaining smallholders in the supply chain. Furthermore, organized producer groups monitoring their own food safety requirements through collective action often become attractive to buyers who are looking for ways to ensure traceability and reduce transaction costs. This paper compares how small producers of different fruit and vegetable products in different countries have coped with increased demands for food safety from their main export markets. These commodities are Kenyan green beans, Mexican cantaloupes, and Indian grapes.
Collective Action for Small-Scale Producers of Agricultural Biodiversity Products
Creators: name: Kruijssen, Froukje
name: Keizer, Menno
name: Giuliani, Alessandra
name: Kruijssen, Froukje
name: Keizer, Menno
name: Giuliani, Alessandra
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: agricultural biodiversity
subject: market chain
subject: market access
subject: livelihoods
subject: collective action

description: The role of well-functioning markets for development is now widely recognized, however the challenge remains to make these markets benefit the poor and the environment. Increasing attention is being given to the potential role markets can play for agrobiodiversity conservation through product diversification and increasing competitiveness in niche and novelty markets. Bioversity International has undertaken several studies that explore the use of market-based approaches to on-farm agrobiodiversity management and livelihood improvement. Case studies have been developed on a range of species, varieties and derived products, including underutilized species and commodities in several regions of the world. This paper explores how the theory of collective action can provide a more synthetic understanding of how market chains operate and how changes in the market chain and market institutions can permit a more equitable distribution of welfare benefits. The case studies illustrate the need for improved trust, a mutual understanding of each actor’s involvement and the need for an agreed process of collective action that involves a high level of community participation to achieve an improved market chain organization benefiting the poor. The cases differ in their degree of collective action, the level of market organization and the ways in which handling, processing, and innovative marketing add value to the agrobiodiversity products. Comparative analysis of these cases identified a range of options and situations in which market development can support agrobiodiversity conservation and livelihoods. Bringing together these experiences will also help to identify the situations in which a collective approach can maximize the capturing of market benefits for smallholders. Trade-offs between income generation, livelihood security, and agrobiodiversity conservation should be further examined in order to find solutions that support sustainable development of poor communities that manage agricultural biodiversity.
Collaborative tagging as a tripartite network
Creators: name: Lambiotte, R.
name: Ausloos, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We describe online collaborative communities by tripartite networks, the nodes being persons, items and tags. We introduce projection methods in order to uncover the structures of the networks, i.e. communities of users, genre families... To do so, we focus on the correlations between the nodes, depending on their profiles, and use percolation techniques that consist in removing less correlated links and observing the shaping of disconnected islands. The structuring of the network is visualised by using a tree representation. The notion of diversity in the system is also discussed.
Additional file 4 of Photosynthetic performance and photosynthesis-related gene expression coordinated in a shade-tolerant species Panax notoginseng under nitrogen regimes
Creators: name: Zhang, Jin-Yan
name: Cun, Zhu
name: Chen, Jun-Wen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 4: Figure S4. Common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and their expression profile between moderate- (MN) vs. low- (LN) nitrogen and MN vs. high-nitrogen (HN). Red number indicates up-relation, green number indicates down-relation.
The Li Overabundance of J37: Diffusion or Accretion?
Creators: name: Ashwell, J. F.
name: Jeffries, R. D.
name: Smalley, B.
name: Deliyannis, C. P.
name: Steinhauer, A.
name: King, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In September 2002 the discovery of a super Li-rich F-dwarf (J37) in NGC 6633, an iron poor analogue of the better studied Hyades and Praecepe open clusters, was announced. This unique star was thought to be the smoking gun for the action of diffusion, models of which predict a narrow "Li-peak" at approximately the correct temperature. However, with more detailed studies into J37s abundance pattern this star provides firm evidence for the accretion of planetesimals or other material from the circumstellar environment of new born stars. Thanks to the specific predictions made about the behaviour of Be abundances, (the most striking of which being no Be in super-Li-rich dwarfs subject to diffusion) the opposing diffusion/accretion predictions can be tested. Initial modelling of the Be line indicates that J37 is as Be rich as it is Li rich; log N(Be) = 2.25 +/- 0.25, and so is broadly consistent with an accretion-fuelled enhancement. However, that both Li and Be are enhanced by much more than the iron-peak elements (as determined in previous studies) suggests that diffusion also plays a role in increasing the abundances of Li and Be specifically. Furthermore, a new data set from the UVES/UT2 combination has allowed the elemental abundance of Iron to be measured, and the set of preliminary stellar parameters determined; Teff ~ 7340 K, log g ~ 4.1, microturbulence ~ 4.3 km/s, [Fe/H] ~ 0.50. This again provides distinct evidence for the effects of accretion in J37 and requires a new synthesis of the Be doublet.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. Poster presented at IAU Symposium 224 "The A Star Puzzle", 7-13 July 2004, Poprad, Slovakia
Cosmological significance of one-loop effective gravity
Creators: name: Espriu, D.
name: Multamaki, T.
name: Vagenas, E. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the one-loop effective action for gravity in a cosmological setup to determine possible cosmological effects of quantum corrections to Einstein theory. By considering the effect of the universal non-local terms in a toy model, we show that they can play an important role in the very early universe. We find that during inflation, the non-local terms are significant, leading to deviations from the standard inflationary expansion.
description: 8 pages (REVTeX)
Invariants and wave breaking analysis of a Camassa-Holm type equation with quadratic and cubic nonlinearities
Creators: name: Freire, Igor Leite
name: Filho, Nazime Sales
name: de Souza, Ligia Corrêa
name: Toffoli, Carlos Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A non-local evolution equation of the Camassa-Holm type with dissipation is considered. The local well-posedness of the solutions of the Cauchy problem involving the equation is established via Kato's approach and the wave breaking scenario is also described. To prove such result, we firstly construct conserved currents for the equation and from them, conserved quantities.
Higgs and Beyond Standard Model Searches at LEP
Creators: name: Sguazzoni, Giacomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extensive searches for Higgs bosons and other new phenomena predicted by extensions of the Standard Model have been performed at LEP. A summary is given reviewing the principal aspects and presenting a selection of results.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, talk presented at Hadron Structure 2004, Smolenice Castle, Slovakia
Farmer Groups Enterprises and the Marketing of Staple Food Commodities in Africa
Creators: name: Coulter, Jonathan
name: Coulter, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: collective marketing
subject: producer organization
subject: staple food
subject: village storage
subject: inventory credit
subject: microfinance
subject: disbursement-driven

description: There are some apparently successful cases of collective marketing with staple food commodities (grains and root crops), but these are less common than cases involving higher value agricultural products. These can be attributed to the benefit/cost ratio to participants being generally higher for collective marketing of the higher-value crops. Some of the costs are ‘hidden’, in the sense that they are borne by individuals in time spent in attending meetings, and not shown in the financial statements of the enterprises concerned. Examining a series of cases, the paper advocates an approach to the marketing of staples which involves analyzing the value chain and identifying those activities which on the one hand, best lend themselves to individual initiative, and those where on the other hand, group approaches are more likely to prosper. Dual purpose food marketing involving village storage in anticipation of both external market opportunities and local lean season shortages usually falls into the former category. Collective initiatives have a higher probability of success when they complement agricultural intensification and involve bulking substantial quantities of produce for quality-conscious commercial buyers. Prospects for successful collective marketing are moreover greater where there is a history of collective endeavor, where focused on simple activities like bulking and distribution of inputs, where primary groups are small and homogenous in terms of interests and objectives, where they can establish lasting relationships with strong trade counterparties, where supported by effective training (especially re attitudes, numeracy, and business skills), where they can access effectively managed storage and inventory credit services, and where there is framework of law enforcement. The immediate poverty alleviation and programmatic priorities of funding agencies often undermine the effectiveness of promotional activities in support of collective marketing. This problem may be addressed by instituting systems of independent review and peer review processes, and involving open discussion of pros and cons of individual and collective approaches.
Nonlinear Fano resonance and bistable wave transmission
Creators: name: Miroshnichenko, Andrey E.
name: Mingaleev, Sergei F.
name: Flach, Sergej
name: Kivshar, Yuri S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a discrete model that describes a linear chain of particles coupled to a single-site defect with instantaneous Kerr nonlinearity. We show that this model can be regarded as a nonlinear generalization of the familiar Fano-Anderson model, and it can generate the amplitude depended bistable resonant transmission or reflection. We identify these effects as the nonlinear Fano resonance, and study its properties for continuous waves and pulses.
description: 9 pages, 14 figure, submitted to Phys. Rev. E
Spectroscopy of low spin states in 157Dy: Search for evidence of enhanced octupole correlations
Creators: name: Majola, S. N. T.
name: Bark, R. A.
name: Bianco, L.
name: Bucher, T. D.
name: Bvumbi, S. P.
name: Cullen, D. M.
name: Garrett, P. E.
name: Greenlees, P. T.
name: Hartley, D.
name: Hirvonen, J
name: Jakobsson, U.
name: Jones, P. M.
name: Julin, R.
name: Juutinen, S.
name: Ketelhut, S.
name: Kheswa, B. V.
name: Korichi, A.
name: Lawrie, E. A.
name: Masiteng, P. L.
name: Maqabuka, B.
name: Mdletshe, L.
name: Minkova, A.
name: Ndayishimye, J.
name: Nieminen, P.
name: Newman, R.
name: Nyako, B. M.
name: Ntshangase, S. S.
name: Peura, P.
name: Rahkila, P.
name: Riedinger, L. L.
name: Riley, M.
name: Roux, D.
name: Ruotsalainen, P.
name: Saren, J.
name: Sharpey-Schafer, J. F.
name: Scholey, C.
name: Shirinda, O.
name: Sithole, A.
name: Sorri, J.
name: Stolze, S.
name: Timar, J.
name: Uusitalo, J.
name: Zimba, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low-spin states of 157Dy have been studied using the JUROGAM II array, following the 155Gd (α, 2n) reaction at a beam energy of 25 MeV. The level scheme of 157Dy has been expanded with four new bands. Rotational structures built on the [523]5/2- and [402]3/2+ neutron orbitals constitute new additions to the level scheme as do many of the inter- and intra-band transitions. This manuscript also reports the observation of cross I- to (I-1)- and I- to (I-1)+ E1 dipole transitions inter-linking structures built on the [523]5/2- (band 5) and [402]3/2+ (band 7) neutron orbitals. These interlacing band structures are interpreted as the bands of parity doublets with simplex quantum number s = -i related to possible octupole correlations.
description: Published in Physical Review C (2019)
Bonus Properties of States of Low Energy
Creators: name: Banerjee, R.
name: Niedermaier, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: States of Low Energy (SLE) are exact Hadamard states defined on arbitrary Friedmann-Lemaître spacetimes. They are constructed from a fiducial state by minimizing the Hamiltonian's expectation value after averaging with a temporal window function. We show the SLE to be expressible solely in terms of the (state independent) commutator function. They also admit a convergent series expansion in powers of the spatial momentum, both for massive and for massless theories. In the massless case the leading infrared behavior is found to be Minkowski-like for all scale factors. This provides a new cure for the infrared divergences in Friedmann-Lemaître spacetimes with accelerated expansion. In consequence, massless SLE are viable candidates for pre-inflationary vacua and in a soluble model are shown to entail a qualitatively correct primordial power spectrum.
description: 57 pages, 1 figure
Dynamics of Structural Transformation: An Empirical Characterization in the Case of China, Malaysia, and Ghana
Creators: name: Badibanga, Thaddee Mutumba
name: Diao, Xinshen
name: Roe, Terry L.
name: Somwaru, Agapi
name: Badibanga, Thaddee Mutumba
name: Diao, Xinshen
name: Roe, Terry L.
name: Somwaru, Agapi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: structural transformation
subject: discovery
subject: technological change

description: The paper develops a metric of structural transformation that can account for the production of new varieties of goods embodying advancements in technological know-how and design. Our measure captures the dynamics of an economy’s transformation and can be viewed as an extension of Hausmann and Klinger’s static measure. We apply our measure to four-digit-level SITC trade data of China, Malaysia, and Ghana over the period 1962–2000. The results show that two important factors characterize the rapid transformation of the Chinese economy: the high proximity of its export basket to three main industrial clusters—capital goods, consumer durable goods, and intermediate inputs—and the increase in the values of the new goods belonging to those three clusters. Malaysia exhibits a similar but more modest pattern. In contrast, the structure of the Ghanaian economy appears unchanged over the entire 1962–2000 period. That economy is dominated by primary goods clusters, and the values of the goods in those clusters have remained relatively low. We also discuss qualitatively the role of policies and institutions in spurring transformation in the three countries.
${\overline{\rm MS}}$ renormalization of $S$-wave quarkonium wavefunctions at the origin
Creators: name: Chung, Hee Sok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute $S$-wave quarkonium wavefunctions at the origin in the $\overline{\rm MS}$ scheme based on nonrelativistic effective field theories. We include the effects of nonperturbative long-distance behaviors of the potentials, while we determine the short-distance behaviors of the potentials in perturbative QCD. We obtain $\overline{\rm MS}$-renormalized quarkonium wavefunctions at the origin that have the correct scale dependences that are expected from perturbative QCD, so that the scale dependences cancel in physical quantities. Based on the calculation of the wavefunctions at the origin, we make model-independent predictions of decay constants and electromagnetic decay rates of $S$-wave charmonia and bottomonia, and compare them with measurements. We find that the poor convergence of perturbative QCD corrections are substantially improved when we include corrections to the wavefunctions at the origin in the calculation of decay constants and decay rates.
description: 62 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables, typos corrected, version published in JHEP