cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Performance of volume phase gratings manufactured using ultrafast laser inscription
Creators: name: Lee, David
name: Thomson, Robert R.
name: Cunningham, Colin R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultrafast laser inscription (ULI) is a rapidly maturing technique which uses focused ultrashort laser pulses to locally modify the refractive index of dielectric materials in three-dimensions (3D). Recently, ULI has been applied to the fabrication of astrophotonic devices such as integrated beam combiners, 3D integrated waveguide fan-outs and multimode-to-single mode convertors (photonic lanterns). Here, we outline our work on applying ULI to the fabrication of volume phase gratings (VPGs) in fused silica and gallium lanthanum sulphide (GLS) glasses. The VPGs we fabricated had a spatial frequency of 333 lines/mm. The optimum fused silica grating was found to exhibit a first order diffraction efficiency of 40 % at 633 nm, but exhibited approximately 40 % integrated scattered light. The optimum GLS grating was found to exhibit a first order diffraction efficiency of 71 % at 633 nm and less than 5 % integrated scattered light. Importantly for future astronomy applications, both gratings survived cooling to 20 K. This paper summarises the grating design and ULI manufacturing process, and provides details of the diffraction efficiency performance and blaze curves for the VPGs. In contrast to conventional fabrication technologies, ULI can be used to fabricate VPGs in almost any dielectric material, including mid-IR transmitting materials such as the GLS glass used here. Furthermore, ULI potentially provides the freedom to produce complex groove patterns or blazed gratings. For these reasons, we believe that ULI opens the way towards the development of novel VPGs for future astronomy related applications.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, submitted to proceedings of SPIE conference no. 8450, "Modern Technologies in Space and Ground-based Telescopes and Instrumentation II"
Additional file 6 of Impact of adjuvant chemotherapy on T1N0M0 breast cancer patients: a propensity score matching study based on SEER database and external cohort
Creators: name: Shen, Kaiwen
name: Yao, Longdi
name: Zhu, Jingyuan
name: Gu, Ximing
name: Wang, Jie
name: Qian, Wei
name: Zheng, Zhijian
name: Fu, Deyuan
name: Wu, Song
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 6: Table S3. Multivariate Cox regressionanalyses of overall survival for T1, T1a, T1b, and T1c breast cancer patientsregarding treatment methods.
Exact mean exit time for surface-mediated diffusion
Creators: name: Rupprecht, J. -F.
name: Bénichou, O.
name: Grebenkov, D. S.
name: Voituriez, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an exact expression for the mean exit time through the cap of a confining sphere for particles alternating phases of surface and of bulk diffusion. The present approach is based on an integral equation which can be solved analytically. In contrast to the statement of Berezhkovskii and Barzykin [J. Chem. Phys. 136, 54115 (2012)], we show that the mean exit time can be optimized with respect to the desorption rate, under analytically determined criteria.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
"Just a little bit on the outside for the whole time": Social belonging confidence and the persistence of Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence students
Creators: name: Mao, Katherine
name: Ferguson, Sharon
name: Magarian, James
name: Olechowski, Alison
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The growing field of machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) presents a unique and unexplored case within persistence research, meaning it is unclear how past findings from engineering will apply to this developing field. We conduct an exploratory study to gain an initial understanding of persistence in this field and identify fruitful directions for future work. One factor that has been shown to predict persistence in engineering is belonging; we study belonging through the lens of confidence, and discuss how attention to social belonging confidence may help to increase diversity in the profession. In this research paper, we conduct a small set of interviews with students in ML/AI courses. Thematic analysis of these interviews revealed initial differences in how students see a career in ML/AI, which diverge based on interest and programming confidence. We identified how exposure and initiation, the interpretation of ML and AI field boundaries, and beliefs of the skills required to succeed might influence students' intentions to persist. We discuss differences in how students describe being motivated by social belonging and the importance of close mentorship. We motivate further persistence research in ML/AI with particular focus on social belonging and close mentorship, the role of intersectional identity, and introductory ML/AI courses.
description: Published in the 2023 Annual Conference of the American Society for Engineering Education
Additional file 7 of Impact of adjuvant chemotherapy on T1N0M0 breast cancer patients: a propensity score matching study based on SEER database and external cohort
Creators: name: Shen, Kaiwen
name: Yao, Longdi
name: Zhu, Jingyuan
name: Gu, Ximing
name: Wang, Jie
name: Qian, Wei
name: Zheng, Zhijian
name: Fu, Deyuan
name: Wu, Song
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additionalfile 7: Table S4. MultivariableCox regression analyses of overall survival forfour molecular subtypes in T1a breast cancer patients.
title: Effects of Hypoxia and Sulfide Intrusion on Eelgrass (Zostera marina)
Creators: name: Ciesielski, Melissa
Publisher: name: Western Washington University
Year: 2015

description: "
Eelgrass, Zostera marina, provides critical habitat for many marine species in the Pacific Northwest. Although most eelgrass beds in the Salish Sea are stable, a few areas are experiencing decline. One region experiencing eelgrass decline is Hood Canal, a region that also has frequent hypoxic events. Hypoxia has the potential to be a stressor to eelgrass as it can lead to tissue anoxia at night. These tissues then must undergo anaerobic metabolism, which is less energetically efficient and can produce toxic byproducts. Hypoxia may also work in synergy with other stressors, such as sediment pore-water sulfide. Hypoxia can facilitate the intrusion of sulfide, a known phytotoxin, into eelgrass tissues. Pore-water sulfide has been found in elevated concentrations in the Puget Sound associated with wood waste and reductions in eelgrass density. Additionally, elevated pore-water sulfide has been found at sites in the San Juan Archipelago where eelgrass has declined. Furthermore, hypoxic events and elevated pore-water sulfide can co-occur as a result of eutrophication. In order to better understand the processes that lead to eelgrass decline across Puget Sound, this study examined the interaction between sulfide and hypoxia on the growth and photosynthetic efficiency of Zostera marina.

Eelgrass shoots were collected from Padilla Bay, Washington and placed into seawater tanks in 18 oz. cups of sediment with a disk of agar at the bottom to simulate organic enrichment and to stimulate sulfide production. The growth rate and photosynthetic efficiency of the eelgrass shoots were monitored weekly for six weeks. After week three, the water columns of six of the tanks were reduced to hypoxic conditions (L-1). During week 6, the oxygen concentration was dropped further to near anoxic conditions. After week 6, eelgrass tissue samples were collected for measurement of total sulfur, carbon, and nitrogen.

The results indicated that hypoxia had a significant negative effect on Z. marina shoots, which was evidenced by strong reductions in growth rates and photosynthetic efficiencies. While there was no direct effect of pore-water sulfide on the shoots, it was evident that hypoxia enhanced sulfide intrusion into the shoots. However, intrusion was limited to below-ground tissues and the total sulfur content in the below-ground tissues was not correlated with the measured pore-water sulfide concentrations. These findings indicate that hypoxia in conjunction with sediment organic enrichment harms eelgrass health and enhances the intrusion of sulfide into plant tissues, over a wide range of pore-water sulfide concentrations.
"
Discussion of "Multiple Testing for Exploratory Research" by J. J. Goeman and A. Solari
Creators: name: Westfall, Peter H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Discussion of "Multiple Testing for Exploratory Research" by J. J. Goeman and A. Solari [arXiv:1208.2841].
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/11-STS356C the Statistical Science (http://www.imstat.org/sts/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
title: O contrato de depósito, o direito de autor, os direitos industriais e a infração de direito exclusivo de distribuição de mercadorias guardadas em depósito
Creators: name: Remédio Marques, João Paulo
Publisher: name: Universidade Lusíada Editora
Year: 2018

description: Contratação mercantil : alguns conteúdos / coordenação [de] Alberto Ribeiro de Almeida. - Lisboa : Universidade Lusíada, 2018. - P. 95-118. - ISBN 978-989-640-218-1
Three dimensional tracking of gold nanoparticles using digital holographic microscopy
Creators: name: Verpillat, Frédéric
name: Joud, Fadwa
name: Desbiolles, Pierre
name: Gross, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we present a digital holographic microscope to track gold colloids in three dimensions. We report observations of 100nm gold particles in motion in water. The expected signal and the chosen method of reconstruction are described. We also discuss about how to implement the numerical calculation to reach real-time 3D tracking.
Additional file 10 of Alternative stable states, nonlinear behavior, and predictability of microbiome dynamics
Creators: name: Fujita, Hiroaki
name: Ushio, Masayuki
name: Suzuki, Kenta
name: Abe, Masato S.
name: Yamamichi, Masato
name: Iwayama, Koji
name: Canarini, Alberto
name: Hayashi, Ibuki
name: Fukushima, Keitaro
name: Fukuda, Shinji
name: Kiers, E. Toby
name: Toju, Hirokazu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 10: Figure S10. Comparison of predicted and observed community structure (seven-day-ahead forecasting).
Bernard Delmaire, Le compte général du receveur d'Artois pour 1303–1304. Edition précédée d'une introduction à l'étude des institutions financières de l'Artois aux XIIIe–XIVe siècles, 1977
Creators: name: Trautz, Fritz
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2018

description: -
description: Francia, Bd. 10 (1982)
Additional file 4: of Transposable element insertions shape gene regulation and melanin production in a fungal pathogen of wheat
Creators: name: Krishnan, Parvathy
name: Meile, Lukas
name: Plissonneau, Clémence
name: Ma, Xin
name: Hartmann, Fanny
name: Croll, Daniel
name: McDonald, Bruce
name: Sánchez-Vallet, Andrea
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Zmr1 expression levels are lower in 3D1 than in 3D7 at 7 days post inoculation. Mean and standard errors (se) of the relative quantification (RQ, fold change in expression level of Zmr1 with respect to the Zmr1 expression levels of the strain 3D1 at 7 days post inoculation, dpi) of the expression of Zmr1 in 3D1 and 3D7 at 7 and 9 dpi. The experiment was performed three times with similar results. (PDF 31 kb)
Characterizing a cluster's dynamic state using a single epoch of radial velocities
Creators: name: Cottaar, Michiel
name: Meyer, Michael R.
name: Parker, Richard J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radial velocity measurements can be used to constrain the dynamical state of a stellar cluster. However, for clusters with velocity dispersions smaller than a few km/s the observed radial velocity distribution tends to be dominated by the orbital motions of binaries rather than the stellar motions through the potential well of the cluster. Our goal is to characterize the intrinsic velocity distribution of a cluster from a single epoch of radial velocity data, even for a cluster with a velocity dispersion of a fraction of a km/s, using a maximum likelihood procedure. Assuming a period, mass ratio, and eccentricity distribution for the binaries in the observed cluster this procedure fits a dynamical model describing the velocity distribution for the single stars and center of masses of the binaries, simultaneously with the radial velocities caused by binary orbital motions, using all the information available in the observed velocity distribution. We find that the fits to the intrinsic velocity distribution depend only weakly on the binary properties assumed, so the uncertainty in the fitted parameters tends to be dominated by statistical uncertainties. Based on Monte Carlo simulations we provide an estimate of how these statistical uncertainties vary with the velocity dispersion, binary fraction, and the number of observed stars, which can be used to estimate the sample size needed to reach a specific accuracy. Finally we test the method on the well-studied open cluster NGC 188, showing that it can reproduce a velocity dispersion of only 0.5 km/s using a single epoch of the multi-epoch radial velocity data. If the binary period, mass ratio, and eccentricity distribution of the observed stars are roughly known, this procedure can be used to correct for the effect of binary orbital motions on an observed velocity distribution. [Abridged]
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, accepted by A&A
Full SED fitting with the KOSMA-τ PDR code - I. Dust modelling
Creators: name: Röllig, M.
name: Szczerba, R.
name: Ossenkopf, V.
name: Glück, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revised the treatment of interstellar dust in the KOSMA-τ PDR model code to achieve a consistent description of the dust-related physics in the code. The detailed knowledge of the dust properties is then used to compute the dust continuum emission together with the line emission of chemical species. We coupled the KOSMA-τ PDR code with the MCDRT (multi component dust radiative transfer) code to solve the frequency-dependent radiative transfer equations and the thermal balance equation in a dusty clump under the assumption of spherical symmetry, assuming thermal equilibrium in calculating the dust temperatures, neglecting non-equilibrium effects. We updated the calculation of the photoelectric heating and extended the parametrization range for the photoelectric heating toward high densities and UV fields. We revised the computation of the H2 formation on grain surfaces to include the Eley-Rideal effect, thus allowing for high-temperature H2 formation. We demonstrate how the different optical properties, temperatures, and heating and cooling capabilities of the grains influence the physical and chemical structure of a model cloud. The most influential modification is the treatment of H2 formation on grain surfaces that allows for chemisorption. This increases the total H2 formation significantly and the connected H2 formation heating provides a profound heating contribution in the outer layers of the model clumps. The contribution of PAH surfaces to the photoelectric heating and H2 formation provides a boost to the temperature of outer cloud layers, which is clearly traced by high-J CO lines. Increasing the fraction of small grains in the dust size distribution results in hotter gas in the outer cloud layers caused by more efficient heating and cooler cloud centers, which is in turn caused by the more efficient FUV extinction.
description: accepted for publication in A&A
The Effects of Cryopreservation on Human Dental Pulp-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Creators: name: Tomlin, Allison Elaine
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Year: 2016

description: Many studies have demonstrated clinical applications for the use of dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) for the treatment of various conditions. This has driven medical and scientific interest in the collection, isolation and banking of DPSC tissues for research into these potential therapies. Few studies to date have evaluated the viability of DPSC following long-term cryopreservation. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of cryopreservation on dental pulp-derived stem cells (DPSC) viability over a period of three years. Dental pulp-derived stem cells were isolated and cultured from thirty-one healthy teeth. DPSC isolates were assessed for doubling-time and baseline viability prior to cryopreservation and were assessed again at three time points; one week (T1), 18 months (T2), and 36 months (T3). DPSC can be grouped based on their observed doubling times; slow (sDT), intermediate (iDT), and rapid (rDT). Viability results demonstrated all three types of DPSC isolates (sDT, iDT and rDT) exhibit time-dependent reductions in viability following cryopreservation, with the greatest reduction observed among sDT-DPSCs and the smallest observed among the rDT-DPSC isolates. Cryopreserved DPSCs demonstrate time-dependent reductions in cellular viability. Although reductions in viability were smallest at the initial time point (T1) and greatest at the final time point (T3), these changes were markedly different among DPSC isolates with similar doubling times (DTs). Furthermore, the analysis of various DPSC biomarkers  including both intracellular and cell surface markers, revealed differential mRNA expression. More specifically, the relative high expression of Sox-2 was only found only among the rDT isolates, which was associated with the smallest reduction in viability over time. The expression of Oct4 and NANOG were also higher among rDT isolates, however, expression was comparatively lower among the sDT isolates that had the highest reduction in cellular viability over the course of this study. My second study may suggest that some biomarkers, including Nestin, NANOG, Sox-2, Oct4 may have some potential for use as biomarkers that may be associated with either higher or lower cellular viability over long-term storage applications. The analysis of these specific intracellular biomarkers revealed that Oct4 and Sox-2 may be the most important variable factors associated with both DPSC growth rate and viability during cryopreservation. This information may be useful for future applications and therapies that could screen and sort DPSC using predetermined biomarkers to improve both efficiency and feasibility.
Dark aspects of massive spinor electrodynamics
Creators: name: Kim, Edward J.
name: Kouwn, Seyen
name: Oh, Phillial
name: Park, Chan-Gyung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the cosmology of massive spinor electrodynamics when torsion is non-vanishing. A non-minimal interaction is introduced between the torsion and the vector field and the coupling constant between them plays an important role in subsequential cosmology. It is shown that the mass of the vector field and torsion conspire to generate dark energy and pressureless dark matter, and for generic values of the coupling constant, the theory effectively provides an interacting model between them with an additional energy density of the form $\sim 1/a^6$. The evolution equations mimic $Λ$CDM behavior up to $1/a^3$ term and the additional term represents a deviation from $Λ$CDM. We show that the deviation is compatible with the observational data, if it is very small. We find that the non-minimal interaction is responsible for generating an effective cosmological constant which is directly proportional to the mass squared of the vector field and the mass of the photon within its current observational limit could be the source of the dark energy.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure. Accepted for publication in JCAP
The Electrochemical Deposition of Samarium and Europium Dissolved in Ionic Liquid Solvent
Creators: name: Martinez, Bea
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Year: 2017

description: Rare-earth elements include the lanthanide series in the periodic table with the addition of scandium and yttrium. China produces approximately 95% of the world's rare-earths supply and is the largest consumer of the world's rare earth supply. Domestic production of rare-earth metals is a priority in the US. The domestic demand for rare-earth elements is largely based on their use in electronic devices, catalytic converters, and more importantly defense applications. Therefore, China's monopoly of rare-earth elements is viewed as a threat to national security. Although capital investments have resulted in an increase in domestic mining and refining of rare-earth materials, full scale production will take time. Alternatively, new methods for the reclamation of rare-earth materials could reduce the dependence on imported materials, as well as reduce electronic wastes in landfills. In this thesis, a path for the electrochemical reclamation of rare-earth materials is explored. Specifically, the dissolution of samarium carbonate and europium carbonate are examined in ionic liquid containing the acid N,N-bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, HTf2N. The use of carbonate derivatives facilitates the dissolution of the rare-earth species through the formation of carbonic acid. The carbonic acid can then be purged through a decomposition reaction that produces water and carbon dioxide. The dissolution and coordination of the lanthanide with bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide anion, Tf2N, is evaluated using a spectroscopic method (UV-Vis). The electrochemistry of samarium and europium is examined in the ionic liquid and the studies demonstrate that electrochemical deposition of samarium and europium species occur. SEM/EDX analysis of the deposit on a grafoil electrode confirms the electrochemical reclamation of samarium and europium metal.
Differentiating patients with obstructive sleep apnea from healthy controls based on heart rate - blood pressure coupling quantified by entropy-based indices
Creators: name: Pilarczyk, Paweł
name: Graff, Grzegorz
name: Amigó, José M.
name: Tessmer, Katarzyna
name: Narkiewicz, Krzysztof
name: Graff, Beata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce an entropy-based classification method for pairs of sequences (ECPS) for quantifying mutual dependencies in heart rate and beat-to-beat blood pressure recordings. The purpose of the method is to build a classifier for data in which each item consists of the two intertwined data series taken for each subject. The method is based on ordinal patterns, and uses entropy-like indices. Machine learning is used to select a subset of indices most suitable for our classification problem in order to build an optimal yet simple model for distinguishing between patients suffering from obstructive sleep apnea and a control group.
description: 7 figures
Rejoinder to "Multiple Testing for Exploratory Research"
Creators: name: Goeman, Jelle J.
name: Solari, Aldo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Rejoinder to "Multiple Testing for Exploratory Research" by J. J. Goeman, A. Solari [arXiv:1208.2841].
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/11-STS356REJ the Statistical Science (http://www.imstat.org/sts/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Additional file 7 of Blood metabolic and physiological profiles of Bama miniature pigs at different growth stages
Creators: name: Mo, Jiayuan
name: Lu, Yujie
name: Xing, Tianqi
name: Xu, Di
name: Zhang, Kun
name: Zhang, Shuai
name: Wang, Yubin
name: Yan, Gang
name: Lan, Ganqiu
name: Liang, Jing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 8. Figure S4. The orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) analysis between 8M and 12M.
GRAVITY: metrology
Creators: name: Gillessen, S.
name: Lippa, M.
name: Eisenhauer, F.
name: Pfuhl, O.
name: Haug, M.
name: Kellner, S.
name: Ott, T.
name: Wieprecht, E.
name: Sturm, E.
name: Haussmann, F.
name: Kister, C. F.
name: Moch, D.
name: Thiel, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: GRAVITY is a second generation VLTI instrument, combining the light of four telescopes and two objects simultaneously. The main goal is to obtain astrometrically accurate information. Besides correctly measured stellar phases this requires the knowledge of the instrumental differential phase, which has to be measured optically during the astronomical observations. This is the purpose of a dedicated metrology system. The GRAVITY metrology covers the full optical path, from the beam combiners up to the reference points in the beam of the primary telescope mirror, minimizing the systematic uncertainties and providing a proper baseline in astrometric terms. Two laser beams with a fixed phase relation travel backward the whole optical chain, creating a fringe pattern in any plane close to a pupil. By temporal encoding the phase information can be extracted at any point by means of flux measurements with photo diodes. The reference points chosen sample the pupil at typical radii, eliminating potential systematics due differential focus. We present the final design and the performance estimate, which is in accordance with the overall requirements for GRAVITY.
description: Proceedings of SPIE, Vol. 8445, Paper No. 8445-58, 2012
Die neue Grundsteuer und ihre Auswirkungen für die Land- und Forstwirtschaft
Creators: name: Back, Hans
name: Bahrs, Enno
Publisher: name: Berichte über Landwirtschaft - Zeitschrift für Agrarpolitik und Landwirtschaft
Year: 2021

description: Die Bundesregierung hat in 2019 die Neuregelung der Grundsteuer beschlossen, da das Bundesverfassungsgerichts die Einheitsbewertung als Maßstab der Grundsteuer aufgrund von „Veralterung“ als verfassungswidrig eingestuft hat. Somit wird ab dem Jahr 2025 eine neue Bewertung maßgeblich sein, die auch für die Land- und Forstwirtschaft mit ihren vielen Millionen Grundstücken trotz angestrebter nationaler Aufkommensneutralität erhebliche Auswirkungen haben kann. Für die Land- und Forstwirtschaft bleibt es bei einem Ertragswertverfahren als Bemessungsgrundlage für die Grundsteuer A im Rahmen des (neuen) einheitlichen Bundesmodells gemäß Bewertungsgesetz. Neu ist die Eigentümerveranlagung für die neuen Bundesländer, was zu einer temporären Dynamik bei Pachtpreisverhandlungen führen kann, weil dort bislang eine Nutzerveranlagung maßgeblich ist. Die Wohnhäuser der Land- und Forstwirtschaft werden zukünftig unter der Grundsteuer B subsumiert, die aufgrund landesindividueller Regelungen zu einem föderalen Flickenteppich an Wertermittlungsmethoden und Steuerbelastungen führen wird. Unabhängig davon ist die Bewertung land- und forstwirtschaftlicher Wohngrundstücke in Rand- und Außenbereichen problematisch, wenn die gegenwärtig erkennbaren Bewertungsmaßstäbe ohne besondere Wertansätze für derartige Grundstücke anhand der Bodenrichtwerte und Mietniveaustufen deckungsgleich in der Bundes- sowie den bereits bekannten Länderregelungen umgesetzt werden. Bei der Bewertung der Wirtschaftsteile ist die zukünftige Anwendung der alten Vieheinheitenregelung nicht mehr akzeptabel und sollte überdacht werden. Dies gilt auch für die unterstellten Ertragswerte für den Bereich Forst, die die jüngsten Schäden im Deutschen Wald unzureichend berücksichtigen. Somit ist zu resümieren, dass die Neuregelungen bei der Grundsteuer aus der besonderen Sicht der Land- und Forstwirtschaft weitgehend aus inhaltlicher und organisatorischer Sicht akzeptabel erscheinen. Sie weisen jedoch noch Verbesserungspotenzial auf.
description: Berichte über Landwirtschaft - Zeitschrift für Agrarpolitik und Landwirtschaft, Aktuelle Beiträge
Additional file 11 of Alternative stable states, nonlinear behavior, and predictability of microbiome dynamics
Creators: name: Fujita, Hiroaki
name: Ushio, Masayuki
name: Suzuki, Kenta
name: Abe, Masato S.
name: Yamamichi, Masato
name: Iwayama, Koji
name: Canarini, Alberto
name: Hayashi, Ibuki
name: Fukushima, Keitaro
name: Fukuda, Shinji
name: Kiers, E. Toby
name: Toju, Hirokazu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 11: Figure S11. Distribution of prediction error in the community-level forecasting.
Milk Teeth and Other Stories
Creators: name: Sipos, Timea
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Year: 2018

description: In writing the immigrant narratives, the writer turned to the work of Junot Díaz, Amy Tan, Justin Torres, Sandra Cisneros, Lisa Ko, Juan Martinez, and Yelena Akhtiorskaya. Some of the books by these writers also served as examples of successful interlinked collections. While many of the stories in the collection are realistic, about half are fabulist. For those stories, the writer read Aimee Bender, Kelly Link, Manuel Gonzales, and the Hungarian writer Ilka PappZakor, to name a few. Few short story collections in the American tradition mix magical realism and immigrant narratives like Milk Teeth and Other Stories. What It Means When a Man Falls from the Sky by Lesley Nneka Arimah was one example the author found that provided a blueprint for how to set immigrants and/or foreigners in a fabulist landscape.
While several Hungarian-American nonfiction writers have written about Hungarian-American experiences in English to wide acclaim, such as Kati Marton and Susan Faludi, there is no strong Hungarian-American literary tradition in American fiction as of now. Milk Teeth and Other Stories gives voice to Hungarian and Hungarian-American women in fictional, sometimes magical stories. The story "Motherland" gives voice to Hungary itself, who narrates Kitti's and her mother Margit's visit back home to their country of origin, but the country also expresses her disdain for the politics of modern-day Hungary. Other stories in the collection, fabulist and realist alike, likewise address the state of the refugee crisis in Hungary, namely "Motherland," "Budapest, 2015," and "Milk Teeth." As the stories center on women's experiences, nearly all of the stories illuminate the treatment of women in the American and Hungarian private and public spheres.
Cryptotis nigrescens
Creators: name: Hutterer, Rainer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Insectivora
Soricidae
Cryptotis
Cryptotis nigrescens

description: Cryptotis nigrescens (J. A. Allen, 1895). Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 7:339. TYPE LOCALITY: "San Isidro (San José), Costa Rica ". DISTRIBUTION: Tropical lowland of Yucatan Peninsula and highlands of Guerrero, Chiapas and Las Margaritas (Mexico), also highlands of Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Costa Rica, and Panama. SYNONYMS: mayensis, merriami, merus, micrura, tersus, zeteki. COMMENTS: There are three distinct subspecies (nigrescens, mayensis, and merriami; see Choate, 1970); N. Woodman and R. Timm (pers. comm.) believe the latter two are valid species.
description: Published as part of Rainer Hutterer, 1993, Order Insectivora, pp. 69-130 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 109, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353085
description: {"references": ["Choate, J. R. 1970. Systematics and zoogeography of Middle American shrews of the genus Cryptotis. University of Kansas, Publications of the Museum of Natural History, 19: 195 - 317."]}
Mixed-Valence-Driven Heavy-Fermion Behavior and Superconductivity in KNi$_2$Se$_2$
Creators: name: Neilson, James R.
name: Llobet, Anna
name: Stier, Andreas V.
name: Wu, Liang
name: Wen, Jiajia
name: Tao, Jing
name: Zhu, Yimei
name: Tesanovic, Zlatko B.
name: Armitage, N. P.
name: McQueen, Tyrel M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on specific heat and magnetoresistance measurements, we report that a "heavy" electronic state exists below $T \approx$ 20 K in KNi$_2$Se$_2$, with an increased carrier mobility and enhanced effective electronic band mass, $m$* = 6$m_b$ to 18$m_b$. This "heavy" state evolves into superconductivity at $T_c$ = 0.80(1) K. These properties resemble that of a many-body heavy-fermion state, which derives from the hybridization between localized magnetic states and conduction electrons. Yet, no evidence for localized magnetism or magnetic order is found in KNi$_2$Se$_2$ from magnetization measurements or neutron diffraction. Instead, neutron pair-distribution-function analysis reveals the presence of local charge-density-wave distortions that disappear on cooling, an effect opposite to what is typically observed, suggesting that the low-temperature electronic state of KNi$_2$Se$_2$ arises from cooperative Coulomb interactions and proximity to, but avoidance of, charge order.
Decay properties of a class of doubly charged Higgs bosons
Creators: name: Tonasse, M. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the leptonic decays of a doubly charged Higgs bosons class which is predicted by a model based on the SU(3)_C\otimesSU(2)_L\otimesU(1)_N electroweak gauge symmetry. In contrast to other models, decays into taus are largely dominant (99.5 % or more). Coupling of these scalars to two standard charged gauge bosons are either zero or very suppressed. Couplings to two different flavor of charged leptons do not occur. Some coupling features imposed by symmetry and representation content lead to simple relationships between decay rates and doubly charged Higgs masses. Some of the parameters depend only on the decay widths and on the charged lepton masses. In order to clarify the relevance of our results, some aspects of this model are compared with the Higgs triplet model.
description: RevTex 4.1, 16 pages, 1 figure, text corrected
Additional file 12 of Alternative stable states, nonlinear behavior, and predictability of microbiome dynamics
Creators: name: Fujita, Hiroaki
name: Ushio, Masayuki
name: Suzuki, Kenta
name: Abe, Masato S.
name: Yamamichi, Masato
name: Iwayama, Koji
name: Canarini, Alberto
name: Hayashi, Ibuki
name: Fukushima, Keitaro
name: Fukuda, Shinji
name: Kiers, E. Toby
name: Toju, Hirokazu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 12: Figure S12. Comparison of nonlinear and linear forecasting approaches.
Heterotic T-folds with a small number of neutral moduli
Creators: name: Bianchi, Massimo
name: Pradisi, Gianfranco
name: Timirgaziu, Cristina
name: Tripodi, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss non-geometric supersymmetric heterotic string models in D=4, in the framework of the free fermionic construction. We perform a systematic scan of models with four a priori left-right asymmetric Z_2 projections and shifts. We analyze some 2^{20} models, identifying 18 inequivalent classes and addressing variants generated by discrete torsions. They do not contain geometrical or trivial neutral moduli, apart from the dilaton. However, we show the existence of flat directions in the form of exactly marginal deformations and identify patterns of symmetry breaking where product gauge groups, realized at level one, are broken to their diagonal at higher level. We also describe an "inverse Gepner map" from Heterotic to Type II models that could be used, in certain non geometric settings, to define "effective" topological invariants.
description: 37 pages
Additional file 8 of Blood metabolic and physiological profiles of Bama miniature pigs at different growth stages
Creators: name: Mo, Jiayuan
name: Lu, Yujie
name: Xing, Tianqi
name: Xu, Di
name: Zhang, Kun
name: Zhang, Shuai
name: Wang, Yubin
name: Yan, Gang
name: Lan, Ganqiu
name: Liang, Jing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 8. Table S4. Information of 25 different metabolites in positive ion between 8M and 12M.
Extending Neural Network Verification to a Larger Family of Piece-wise Linear Activation Functions
Creators: name: Antal, László
name: Masara, Hana
name: Ábrahám, Erika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we extend an available neural network verification technique to support a wider class of piece-wise linear activation functions. Furthermore, we extend the algorithms, which provide in their original form exact respectively over-approximative results for bounded input sets represented as start sets, to allow also unbounded input set. We implemented our algorithms and demonstrated their effectiveness in some case studies.
description: In Proceedings FMAS 2023, arXiv:2311.08987
Plasmonic modes of gold nano-particle arrays on thin gold films
Creators: name: Hohenau, Andreas
name: Krenn, Joachim R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Regular arrays of metal nanoparticles on metal films have tuneable optical resonances that can be applied for surface enhanced Raman scattering or biosensing. With the aim of developing more surface selective geometries we investigate regular gold nanoparticle arrays on 25nm thick gold films, which allow to excite asymmetric surface plasmon modes featuring a much better field confinement compared to the symmetric modes used in conventional surface plasmon resonance setups. By optical extinction spectroscopy we identify the plasmonic modes sustained by our structures. Furthermore, the role of thermal treatment of the metal structures is investigated, revealing the role of modifications in the crystalline structure of gold on the optical properties.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
Ein unbekanntes Schreiben Voltaires an die Redaktion der ›Franckfurtischen Gelehrten Zeitungen‹ (1753) zur Frage der Drucklegung des ›Siècle de Louis XIV‹
Creators: name: Voss, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2018

description: -
description: Francia, Bd. 11 (1983)
Additional file 13 of Alternative stable states, nonlinear behavior, and predictability of microbiome dynamics
Creators: name: Fujita, Hiroaki
name: Ushio, Masayuki
name: Suzuki, Kenta
name: Abe, Masato S.
name: Yamamichi, Masato
name: Iwayama, Koji
name: Canarini, Alberto
name: Hayashi, Ibuki
name: Fukushima, Keitaro
name: Fukuda, Shinji
name: Kiers, E. Toby
name: Toju, Hirokazu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 13: Figure S13. Candidates of signal indices for anticipating abrupt community changes.
Effect of radiation from vacuum in the interaction of zero-point fluctuations with charged particles accelerated in electric or magnetic fields
Creators: name: Ulanovsky, Ya. B.
name: Frolov, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possibility of the effect of electromagnetic radiation (hereinafter - radiation from vacuum) due to the interaction of zero-point vacuum fluctuations with free charged particles accelerated at relativistic speeds in electric or magnetic fields is theoretically demonstrated and confirmed by calculations. The proposed effect is similar to the appearance of radiation in the Lamb shift effect in the hydrogen atom and the dynamical Casimir effect. However, unlike these effects, the radiation characteristics depend on the induction of electric or magnetic fields. Moreover, in order to comply with the law of conservation of momentum, the braking radiation of charged particles is considered as the "third body". As opposed to this bremsstrahlung, radiation from vacuum will not have a preferred direction. Analytical expressions describing the radiation characteristics were obtained using a semi-classical method. The calculated values of the energy and intensity of radiation from vacuum demonstrate the possibility of using optical methods to determine the characteristics of such radiation in strong electric or magnetic fields. The results of the work can be used in studies of astrophysical objects with powerful electric or magnetic fields, as well as in investigations of physical vacuum states under laboratory conditions.
description: 6 pages
Gli effetti dell’emergenza Covid-19 su commercio, investimenti e occupazione Una prospettiva italiana
Creators: name: Acconci, Pia
name: Baroncini, Elisa
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2020
Subjects: IUS/13 Diritto internazionale

description: Il volume esamina vari profili dell’incidenza delle emergenze sanitarie internazionali su commercio, investimenti ed occupazione. Raccoglie le riflessioni di numerosi esperti italiani del Gruppo di interesse sul Diritto internazionale dell'economia della Società italiana di Diritto Internazionale e dell'Unione Europea (SIDI), di cui è Co-Coordinatore la professoressa Elisa Baroncini dell’Alma Mater Studiorum – Università di Bologna, e di soci dell’ILA Italy - Sezione italiana dell'International Law Association. Si tratta di riflessioni maturate nel corso delle iniziative proposte ed organizzate dalla professoressa Pia Acconci dell’Università degli studi di Teramo quale coordinatore scientifico del Modulo Jean Monnet “EU Investment Law” (EUIL). L’opera propone a studenti, accademici, amministratori di enti pubblici e organismi privati chiavi di lettura variegate delle modalità di risposta alle emergenze sanitarie collettive e alle crisi economiche transnazionali. Diversi contributi all'opera collettanea evidenziano inoltre come gli Stati possano realizzare, grazie alla partecipazione a organizzazioni internazionali, attività di controllo e prevenzione dei conflitti di norme derivanti dall'interazione tra interessi sociali, quali la tutela della salute e il sostegno all'occupazione, ed economici, come le aspettative di profitto degli operatori del commercio internazionale.
Der Dynastiewechsel von 751. Vorgeschichte, Legitimationsstrategien und Erinnerung, hg. von Matthias Becher und Jörg Jarnut, Münster 2004
Creators: name: McKitterick, Rosamond
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2018

description: -
description: Francia, Bd. 34, Nr. 1 (2007)
title: SAFETY CONCEPTS FOR EVERY RIDE
title: A STATISTICAL ENSEMBLE SIMULATION TO MITIGATE ROTATIONAL FALLS IN EVENTING CROSS COUNTRY
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Wood, Shannon
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mechanical engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: Rotational falls are the leading cause of death and serious injury in the equestrian sport of eventing. Previous studies to develop safety devices used physical models representing one or at most several physical situations leading to different designs and no common understanding. In this thesis, a statistical ensemble model is developed and applied to generate and evaluate 10,000 different situations that might potentially lead to rotational falls. For accurate statistical representation of the horse and rider inertia distributions, measurements of over 400 training or competing horses and riders were recorded and incorporated. Video was recorded of 218 total competitors approaching 10 different jumps on cross country courses in competitions ranging from Preliminary to CCI5*, yielding jump configuration angles for different fence types. Combining information for these, among 26 total variables, a statistical ensemble simulation using impulse momentum physics identifies conditions for rotation and defines design criteria for future general and situation-specific jumps and safety devices. A Jump Safety Quality Index is also devised to represent the benefit of an activating fence design for mitigating rotational falls versus the detriment and competition penalties of false activation.
description: Copyright © Shannon Wood 2020