cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Tourism locating procedures through the examples of Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county subregions
Creators: name: Dudas, Peter
name: Korodi, Marta
name: Laszlo, Eva
name: Dudas, Peter
name: Korodi, Marta
name: Laszlo, Eva
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: tourism
subject: rural development
subject: locating procedure
subject: development position

description: The secondary research on rural sub-regional tourism is investigating the determining factors and the relationships between them. The analysis concentrates on the tourism potential of rural sub-regions and the performance of tourism. We used the method of discriminant analysis for classifying observations into two or more groups based on the specified predictors. Output includes the classification matrix, the squared distance between group centers, the linear discriminant function, means standard deviations, covariance matrices, and a summary of how each observation was classified. After that, we have classified rural sub-regions according to their strategies of tourism development. The strategy of development for sub-regions belonging to the same group should be the same. This classification can be a useful basis for the conceptions of rural development and development of tourism.
Revealing the single electron pocket of FeSe in a single orthorhombic domain
Creators: name: Rhodes, Luke C.
name: Watson, Matthew D.
name: Haghighirad, Amir A.
name: Evtushinsky, Daniil V.
name: Kim, Timur K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the electronic structure of FeSe from within individual orthorhombic domains. Enabled by an angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy beamline with a highly focused beamspot (nano-ARPES), we identify clear stripe-like orthorhombic domains in FeSe with a length scale of approximately 1-5~$μ$m. Our photoemission measurements of the Fermi surface and band structure within individual domains reveal a single electron pocket at the Brillouin zone corner. This result provides clear evidence for a one-electron pocket electronic structure of FeSe, observed without the application of uniaxial strain, and calls for further theoretical insight into this unusual Fermi surface topology. Our results also showcase the potential of nano-ARPES for the study of correlated materials with local domain structures.
The possibilities of rural development and the potential role of hunting tourism in rural development
Creators: name: Marselek, Sandor
name: Fabian, Gyula
name: Marselek, Sandor
name: Fabian, Gyula
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: rural development
subject: tourism
subject: game management
subject: hunting tourism
subject: marketing

description: Rural development is of great significance for the future of both the EU and Hungary. We must reduce migration, create new jobs and focus on sustainability and the principles and goals of environmental protection and nature conservation. For this reason, it is necessary to apply for EU project funding. EU priorities regarding rural development serve the creation of a ‘liveable countryside’. Rural development is connected to tourism that can help compensate for decreasing income from agriculture. Services related to hunting could achieve a significant role in the development of tourism as they can be harmonised with rural development and with rural and ecotourism. Hunting tourism and game management can be connected to several rural development goals, so it would be important to include them in applications for rural development project funding. Game management and hunting tourism could play a significant role in rural development as they are almost totally independent from geographical and other characteristics. Hunting tourism is only partly related to the present structure of tourism since the organisational tasks are carried out by hunting organisation agencies. Although the professional and organisational framework of hunting tourism is laid down, its marketing activities and quality standards should be improved. Hungarian hunting tourism plays a leading role in Europe. It is of special interest to all of us to protect and improve its position.
Rare-earth-free noncollinear metallic ferrimagnets Mn4-xZxN with compensation at room temperature
Creators: name: Zhang, Rui
name: He, Yangkun
name: Fruchart, Daniel
name: Coey, J. M. D.
name: Gercsi, Zsolt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Compensated ferrimagnets, like antiferromagnets, show no net magnetization but their transport and magneto-optic properties resemble those of ferromagnets, thereby creating opportunities for applications in high-frequency spintronics and low-energy loss communications. Here we study the modification the noncollinear ferrimagnetic spin structure of Mn4N by a variety of metallic substitutions Z (Z = Cu - Ge and Ag - Sn) to achieve compensation at room temperature. The noncollinear frustrated 2.35 Bohr magneton moments of Mn on 3c sites of the (111) kagome planes tilt about 20 degree out-of-plane in Mn4N and are easily influenced by the substitutions on 1a sites, leading to different efficiency of compensation in Mn4-xZxN that increases gradually from group 11 (Cu, Ag) to group 14 (Ge, Sn) with increasing number of valance electrons. Elements from the 5th period are more efficient for compensation than those from the 4th period due to lattice expansion. The manganese site moments are determined by Z, orbital hybridization, charge transfer and the tilt angle, analyzed by constrained density functional theory. The Ga compound with compensation at room temperature for x = 0.26 is recommended for high-frequency spintronic applications.
An examination of the evolutionary basis of range limitation
Creators: name: Slooten, Greta
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The thesis objective - to test the importance of gene flow in regulating species range expansion - is accomplished through two studies. The first compares the predicted and actual density distributions of two species, Cakile maritima, an outcrosser, and C. edentula, an inbreeder. Both are coastal, succulent, annual Brassicaceae whose distributions cover the Pacific coast of North America. The second study examines variation in seed oil content along this latitudinal gradient. Lipids are the primary reserve material in most seeds and are composed of triacylglycerides containing various proportions of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Previous work has documented variation in seed oil responding to germination temperature. These changes are presumed to represent a response to selection for optimal germination at different temperatures. It has been shown that plants occurring at higher latitudes have higher percentages of unsaturated fatty acids allowing seed oils with lower melting points to reach germination temperatures faster. Plants at lower latitudes have lower percentages of unsaturated fatty acids as they provide less energy to the plant embryo (Linder, 2000). The theory above predicts that the genes of the lower latitude plants, will overwhelm the adaptive response of border populations to the cold climate in the north, forcing these populations away from their optimum; thus, limiting adaptation and causing range limitation. However, results provide no evidence of an effect of gene flow on density distribution or seed oil adaptation at the periphery in either species. Many other factors are known to affect adaptation at the border of these species ranges and further work investigating the effect of gene flow in natural populations is needed to clarify the contribution, if any, of gene flow on range limitation.
Examination of the value system and food preferences in the institutional catering market in light of primary research carried out in Békés county
Creators: name: Fodor, Monika
name: Fodor, Monika
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: food consumption preferences
subject: value system
subject: factor analysis
subject: cluster analysis

description: In my present paper I try to characterise the differences present at the level of food preferences by means of examining the value system as, in my opinion, differences in the value system are reflected in concrete product choices and thus also in food selection. By using factor and cluster analysis I have proven that consumer groups formed alongside the value system also differ regarding food consumption viewpoints. Furthermore, in my paper I also aim to characterise food preference as a determining factor of modes of daily eating. Based on the results, I have concluded that the impact of time-related preferences on food selection can be felt in consumers’ opinions, but cannot be regarded as dominant. In the system of food selection viewpoints, internal and external criteria related to quality still play an important role, while factors linked to price have a definite priority. Based on the results of the research I have also concluded that the order of preferences typical of food consumption determines the ranking of institutional catering alternatives.
Robust Tensor Decomposition for Image Representation Based on Generalized Correntropy
Creators: name: Zhang, Miaohua
name: Gao, Yongsheng
name: Sun, Changming
name: Blumenstein, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Traditional tensor decomposition methods, e.g., two dimensional principal component analysis and two dimensional singular value decomposition, that minimize mean square errors, are sensitive to outliers. To overcome this problem, in this paper we propose a new robust tensor decomposition method using generalized correntropy criterion (Corr-Tensor). A Lagrange multiplier method is used to effectively optimize the generalized correntropy objective function in an iterative manner. The Corr-Tensor can effectively improve the robustness of tensor decomposition with the existence of outliers without introducing any extra computational cost. Experimental results demonstrated that the proposed method significantly reduces the reconstruction error on face reconstruction and improves the accuracies on handwritten digit recognition and facial image clustering.
description: 13 pages
Scoping Review Protocol: Examining the Use of Experience Sampling Methods in Sport Psychology Research
Creators: name: Majer, Mara
name: Côté, Jean
name: Martin, Luc
name: Wilson, Stuart
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Sports Studies
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: ecological momentary assessment
subject: experience sampling methods
subject: sport psychology

description: The aim of this scoping review is to gather all existing literature using ESM in sport psychology and identify any gaps in the research to fuel future questions.
The income generating capacity of vegetable forcing model farms
Creators: name: Tegla, Zsolt
name: Varga, Erika
name: Hagen, Istvan Zsombor
name: Tegla, Zsolt
name: Varga, Erika
name: Hagen, Istvan Zsombor
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Farm Management
subject: Production Economics
subject: production value
subject: variable costs
subject: ESU
subject: vegetable forcing
subject: income

description: Within the branch of horticultural production, vegetable forcing can play a very significant role in the future employment of the rural labour force, due to its less seasonal employment and high workforce demand. Taking the ecological endowments of Hungary into consideration the farms of the South Great Plains may play a decisive role in this. During our research we examined eight model hydro-cultured vegetable forcing farms that are competitive due to their income-generating capacity and are suitable for further development. We concluded that pepper forcing farms of 1 ha generated €138,980 SGM, tomato forcing farms €129,486 SGM and cucumber forcing farms €121,641 SGM. By dividing the Standard Gross Margin by €1,200 we found that the farms examined belonged to the 111.65 ESU size category in the case of peppers, 107.91 ESU in the case of tomatoes and 101.37 ESU in the case of cucumbers, so they can be regarded as rather large farms according to the standards accepted within the EU. Within the category of variable costs, an increase in the Standard Gross Margin (SGM) of viable farms of the right size (in the economic sense of the word) is possible by decreasing heating costs. In the model farms examined the heating costs of greenhouses heated by thermal water was 60% less than those using forcing equipment fuelled by coal. The increasing costs of thermal water (environmental protection fines, mine charges, fees for using water deposits) significantly undermines this global competitive advantage.
Recent analytical and numerical techniques applied to the Einstein equations
Creators: name: Neilsen, Dave
name: Lehner, Luis
name: Sarbach, Olivier
name: Tiglio, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Combining deeper insight of Einstein's equations with sophisticated numerical techniques promises the ability to construct accurate numerical implementations of these equations. We illustrate this in two examples, the numerical evolution of ``bubble'' and single black hole spacetimes. The former is chosen to demonstrate how accurate numerical solutions can answer open questions and even reveal unexpected phenomena. The latter illustrates some of the difficulties encountered in three-dimensional black hole simulations, and presents some possible remedies.
description: Contribution to appear in the Proceedings of the March-2004 Heraeus Seminar in Bad Honnef (Eds D. Giulini, J. Frauendiener and V. Perlick)
Subradiant emission from regular atomic arrays: universal scaling of decay rates from the generalized Bloch theorem
Creators: name: Zhang, Yu-Xiang
name: Mølmer, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hermitian part of the dipole-dipole interaction in infinite periodic arrays of two-level atoms yields an energy band of singly excited states. In this Letter, we show that a dispersion relation, $ω_k-ω_{k_\ex} \propto (k-k_{\ex})^s$, near the band edge of the infinite system leads to the existence of subradiant states of finite one-dimensional arrays of $N$ atoms with decay rates scaling as $N^{-(s+1)}$. This explains the recently discovered $N^{-3}$ scaling and it leads to the prediction of power law scaling with higher power for special values of the lattice period. For the quantum optical implementation of the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) topological model in a dimerized emitter array, the band-gap-closing inherent to topological transitions changes the value of $s$ in the dispersion relation and alters the decay rates of the subradiant states by many orders of magnitude.
description: 6+7 pages, 3 figures. Comments are welcome
Stochastic Production Frontiers and Decomposition of Output Growth: The case of citrus-growing farms in Tunisia
Creators: name: Dhehibi, Boubaker
name: Elloumi, Mohamed
name: Dhehibi, Boubaker
name: Elloumi, Mohamed
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Citrus sector
subject: Tunisia
subject: productivity
subject: technical change
subject: technical efficiency.

description: The aim of this paper is to investigate the relative contribution of technical efficiency, technological change and increased input use to the output growth of the Tunisian citrus growing farms using a stochastic frontier production function approach applied to panel data for the period 2003-2005. Knowledge of the relative contribution of factors productivity and input use to output growth and improvements in technical efficiency is crucial to provide a comprehensive view of the state of the citrus producing sector in the country and help farm managers and policy makers draw appropriate policy measures. The proposed methodology is based on the use of a flexible translog functional form. Results indicate that technical efficiency of production in citrus producing farms investigated ranges from a minimum of 11.19% to a maximum of 96.82% with an average technical efficiency estimate of 49.97%. This suggests that citrus producers may increase their production by as much as 50.03% through more efficient use of production inputs. Furthermore, the production is characterized by increasing returns to scale, which on average was 1.057. Finally, investigation of the sources of production growth reveals that the contribution of total factor productivity is found to be the main source of that growth.
The Proportion of the Seasonal Period as a Season Index in Weekly Agricultural Data
Creators: name: Martin-Rodriguez, Gloria
name: Caceres-Hernandez, Jose Juan
name: Martin-Rodriguez, Gloria
name: Caceres-Hernandez, Jose Juan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: weekly data
subject: heterogeneous seasonal patterns
subject: splines

description: In this paper a seasonal model is proposed to deal with weekly agricultural seasonal patterns in which neither the length of the seasonal period nor the magnitude of the seasonal effects remain the same over time. To model this heterogeneous seasonal behaviour, the seasonal effect at a season is defined as a function of the proportion of the length of the seasonal period elapsed up to this season, and the seasonal pattern is modelled by means of evolving splines. The methodology is illustrated for weekly Canary tomato prices.
Knowing people intuitively? The effect of intuition (vs. deliberation) on person perception accuracy
Creators: name: Zimmermann, Johannes
name: Back, Mitja
name: Anoschin, Albert
name: Remmers, Carina
name: Grosz, Michael P.
name: Rau, Richard
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: deliberation
subject: intuition
subject: person perception
subject: zero aquaintance judgments

description: Popular science publications and media reports claim that an accurate perception of others (e.g., when meeting a person for the first time) requires people to follow their intuition (rather than deliberate reasoning; see for example “Knowledge of Human Nature”, 2023). The aim of the current research is to explore this topic more thoroughly. We will study (a) preferences for and beliefs about intuition (vs. deliberation) in the context of zero acquaintance judgments, and (b) the accuracy of intuitive (vs. deliberate) zero acquaintance judgements.

a) In the Pre-Study, we seek to explore laypeople’s preferences for and beliefs about intuition (vs. deliberation) in the context of zero acquaintance judgments. We will investigate people’s self-reported usage of and preference for intuition (vs. deliberation), their meta-cognitive certainty about their own intuitive (vs. deliberate) judgments, as well as their thoughts about other people’s intuitive and deliberate judgments regarding error proneness and accuracy. To assure generalizability of our findings on preferences and beliefs about intuition in the context of judging strangers, we will run the study both in a German-speaking and in an English-speaking sample.

b) In the Who Knows Study, we will use a gamified smartphone application – the Who Knows app. Here, users assess personality related traits, preferences, and behaviors of strangers (i.e., targets) based on short video introductions. As target stimuli, the Who Knows app uses real people who volunteered to appear in the app. Each game round involves making predictions regarding five items (drawn randomly from a pool of over 800 items) for a new target (drawn randomly from a pool of over 50 targets). Participants will be recruited from the app’s existing user base. Specifically, all users who have completed at least fifteen rounds in the regular gaming mode will be invited to take part in the experiment. For the time they are enrolled in the experiment, they will be prompted to make judgments intuitively in half of the rounds, and in the remaining half of the rounds they will be prompted to judge deliberately (see independent variables). We hereby seek to test the popular idea (see Pre-Study) that other people’s personalities can be better judged intuitively.

Note that the app is in German. Any instructions, items, etc. mentioned here are free translations. Details on the app can be found in Rau et al. (2023).
Soliton solutions in the class of implicit difference schemes
Creators: name: Makhro, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We announce a detailed numerical investigation for some class of difference schemes, which arises from Euler implicit scheme. Such schemes demonstrate unusual behavior and leads to origin of solitons. Applications to some nonlinear problems are discussed.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures
Additional file 2 of Patient perceptions of an electronic-health-record-based rheumatoid arthritis outcomes dashboard: a mixed-methods study
Creators: name: Nasrallah, Catherine
name: Wilson, Cherish
name: Hamblin, Alicia
name: Hariz, Christine
name: Young, Cammie
name: Li, Jing
name: Yazdany, Jinoos
name: Schmajuk, Gabriela
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplementary Material 2.
Unstable Individual Preferences and Stable Aggregate Demand: French Consumers’ Willingness to Pay for Farmed and Wild Cod
Creators: name: Alfnes, Frode
name: Rickertsen, Kyrre
name: Alfnes, Frode
name: Rickertsen, Kyrre
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: aggregation
subject: consumer preferences
subject: demand
subject: experimental markets
subject: food choices

description: We use panel data from two experiments conducted five months a part to investigate the stability of individual preferences and aggregate demand for five types of fish. Even though the bids in the two experiments are positively correlated, they clearly suggest that the individual preferences are unstable. This may be explained by internal desire for variety or by external effects such as new relevant information, seasonality in preferences, changes in the quality of the fish, and changes in the market price of fish. However, the aggregate demand curves of the participants are stable when we control for changes in the perceived quality of the fish and price expectations of the participants. In other words, the stability is generated by aggregation rather than derived from stable individual preferences.
Pumping and mixing in active pores
Creators: name: Antunes, G. C.
name: Malgaretti, P.
name: Harting, J.
name: Dietrich, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show both numerically and analytically that a chemically patterned active pore can act as a micro/nano-pump for fluids, even if it is fore-aft symmetric. This is possible due to a spontaneous symmetry breaking which occurs when advection rather than diffusion is the dominant mechanism of solute transport. We further demonstrate that, for pumping and tuning the flow rate, a combination of geometrical and chemical inhomogeneities is required. For certain parameter values, the flow is unsteady, and persistent oscillations with a tunable frequency appear. Finally, we find that the flow may lose its axial symmetry and hence promotes mixing in the low Reynolds number regime.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, 1 video ; additional discussion
Impact of Land Reforms on Human Capital Formation: Household Level Evidence from West Bengal
Creators: name: Deininger, Klaus W.
name: Jin, Songqing
name: Yadav, Vandana
name: Deininger, Klaus W.
name: Jin, Songqing
name: Yadav, Vandana
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Human Capital
subject: Impact Evaluation
subject: Land Reforms

description: Land reforms in India were aimed at securing access to land for poor rural households. We use data from West Bengal to highlight the impact of the state’s 1978 land reform program on human capital accumulation within the beneficiary households. The results from the study indicate that reform positively impacted the decision to invest in education. We ascertain a highly significant positive effect on long-term accumulation of human capital, and find that the size of benefit was modest in first generation and much larger for second generation beneficiaries. The second generation also does not have a gender bias, allowing women to catch up in their levels of education.
Witten deformation for noncompact manifolds with bounded geometry
Creators: name: Dai, Xianzhe
name: Yan, Junrong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the Landau-Ginzburg model, we study the Witten deformation on a noncompact manifold with bounded geometry, together with some tameness condition on the growth of the Morse function $f$ near infinity. We prove that the cohomology of the Witten deformation $d_{Tf}$ acting on the complex of smooth $L^2$ forms is isomorphic to the cohomology of Thom-Smale complex of $f$ as well as the relative cohomology of a certain pair $(M, U)$ for sufficiently large $T$. We establish an Agmon estimate for eigenforms of the Witten Laplacian which plays an essential role in identifying these cohomologies via Witten's instanton complex, defined in terms of eigenspaces of the Witten Laplacian for small eigenvalues. As an application we obtain the strong Morse inequalities in this setting.
RCS043938-2904.9: A New Rich Cluster of Galaxies at z=0.951
Creators: name: Barrientos, L. Felipe
name: Gladders, Michael D.
name: Yee, H. K. C.
name: Infante, Leopoldo
name: Ellingson, Erica
name: Hall, Patrick B.
name: Hertling, Gisela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present deep I, J_s, K_s imaging and optical spectroscopy of the newly discovered Red-Sequence Cluster Survey cluster RCS043938-2904.9. This cluster, drawn from an extensive preliminary list, was selected for detailed study on the basis of its apparent optical richness. Spectroscopy of 11 members places the cluster at z=0.951 +- 0.006, and confirms the photometric redshift estimate from the (R-z) color-magnitude diagram. Analysis of the infrared imaging data demonstrates that the cluster is extremely rich, with excess counts in the Ks-band exceeding the expected background counts by 9 sigma. The properties of the galaxies in RCS043938-2904.9 are consistent with those seen in other clusters at similar redshifts. Specifically, the red-sequence color, slope and scatter, and the size-magnitude relation of these galaxies are all consistent with that seen in the few other high redshift clusters known, and indeed are consistent with appropriately evolved properties of local cluster galaxies. The apparent consistency of these systems implies that the rich, high-redshift RCS clusters are directly comparable to the few other systems known at z ~ 1, most of which have been selected on the basis of X-ray emission.
description: 12 pages, 1 color figure. Accepted for publication on The ApJ Letters
Preferences for domestic water services in the Middle Olifants sub-basin of South Africa
Creators: name: Kloos, Julia
name: Tsegai, Daniel W.
name: Kloos, Julia
name: Tsegai, Daniel W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Using household survey data, this study investigates preferences for domestic water services in the Middle Olifants sub-basin of South Africa. Water is a relative scarce resource in South Africa that is distributed unevenly both geographically and seasonally as well as socio-politically. For a water management addressing the policy objectives of efficiency in use, equity in access and benefits and long-term sustainability, economic valuation of the different water uses is required. In order to detect households' preferences, a choice experiment was conducted. Results suggested the presence of preference heterogeneity and therefore, a latent class model was applied, dividing households into homogeneous groups according to their preferences. Four distinct groups of households could be found which differ significantly in terms of their socio-economic characteristics, their attitudes toward pricing of water and their satisfaction with current water service levels. Willingness to pay (WTP) estimates of different water service characteristics in all groups indicate that households are willing to pay higher prices for a better and more reliable water services provision. But the amount households are willing to pay differs among the groups. This information is helpful for policy-makers to enable the design of water services in the Middle Olifants according to preferences of local households. Besides, WTP estimation can provide a basis for setting water tariffs.
Effect of vacancy defects on geometrically frustrated magnets
Creators: name: Syzranov, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quenched disorder may prevent the formation of the widely sought quantum-spin-liquid states (QSLs) or mask their signatures by inducing a spin-glass state, which is why considerable experimental efforts are directed at purifying materials that may host QSLs. However, in geometrically frustrated (GF) magnets, the largest class of materials in which QSLs are sought, the glass-transition temperature $T_g$ grows with decreasing the density of vacancy defects, accompanied by a simultaneous growth of the magnetic susceptibility. In this paper, we develop a phenomenological theory of glass transitions and magnetic susceptibility in 3D geometrically frustrated (GF) magnetic materials. We consider a model of a GF magnet in which the glass transition occurs in the absence of vacancies, e.g., due to other types of quenched disorder. We show that disorder that creates weak local perturbations, e.g. weak random strain, leads to the growth of the transition temperature $T_g$. By contrast, vacancies reduce $T_g$ for small vacancy concentrations. Another consequence of the presence of vacancies is the creation of quasispins, effective magnetic moments localised near the vacancies, that contribute to the magnetic susceptibility of the system together with the bulk spins. We show that increasing the vacancy density leads to an increase of the total magnetic susceptibility.
description: 4.2+1 pages, 2+1 figures
EFFECTS OF POLICY INSTRUMENTS ON FARM INVESTMENTS AND PRODUCTION DECISIONS IN THE SPANISH COP SECTOR
Creators: name: Kallas, Zein
name: Serra, Teresa
name: Gil, Jose Maria
name: Kallas, Zein
name: Serra, Teresa
name: Gil, Jose Maria
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Production Economics
subject: farm investments
subject: Common Agricultural Policy
subject: decoupling
subject: production

description: Our paper assesses the impacts of the partially decoupled (PD) scheme, implemented during the 1990s and first half of the 2000s in the framework of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), on on-farm investment as well as on other production decisions. The Spanish COP sector was taken as a case study due to its economic and political relevance. The empirical analysis is applied on farm-level data from the Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN), observed from 2000 to 2004, based on. We use a reduced-form application of the dual model of investment under uncertainty and a system of censored and non censored equations is estimated. PD payments are found to increase short-run production and to generate a statically significant increase in the investment in farm assets. Results also show the importance of assessing the effects of PD payments in a dynamic framework as the one applied in this paper.
Explanation-Guided Training for Cross-Domain Few-Shot Classification
Creators: name: Sun, Jiamei
name: Lapuschkin, Sebastian
name: Samek, Wojciech
name: Zhao, Yunqing
name: Cheung, Ngai-Man
name: Binder, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cross-domain few-shot classification task (CD-FSC) combines few-shot classification with the requirement to generalize across domains represented by datasets. This setup faces challenges originating from the limited labeled data in each class and, additionally, from the domain shift between training and test sets. In this paper, we introduce a novel training approach for existing FSC models. It leverages on the explanation scores, obtained from existing explanation methods when applied to the predictions of FSC models, computed for intermediate feature maps of the models. Firstly, we tailor the layer-wise relevance propagation (LRP) method to explain the predictions of FSC models. Secondly, we develop a model-agnostic explanation-guided training strategy that dynamically finds and emphasizes the features which are important for the predictions. Our contribution does not target a novel explanation method but lies in a novel application of explanations for the training phase. We show that explanation-guided training effectively improves the model generalization. We observe improved accuracy for three different FSC models: RelationNet, cross attention network, and a graph neural network-based formulation, on five few-shot learning datasets: miniImagenet, CUB, Cars, Places, and Plantae. The source code is available at https://github.com/SunJiamei/few-shot-lrp-guided
The Origin of the Spatial Distribution of X-ray luminous AGN in Massive Galaxy Clusters
Creators: name: Ruderman, Joshua T.
name: Ebeling, Harald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spatial distribution of a 95% complete sample of 508 X-ray point sources (XPS) detected in the 0.5-2.0 keV band in Chandra ACIS-I observations of 51 massive galaxy clusters found in the MACS survey. Covering the redshift range z=0.3-0.7, our cluster sample is statistically complete and comprises all MACS clusters with X-ray luminosities in excess of 4.5 x 10^44 erg/s (0.1-2.4 keV, h_0=0.7, LCDM). Also studied are 20 control fields that do not contain clusters. We find the XPS surface density, computed in the cluster restframe, to exhibit a pronounced excess within 3.5 Mpc of the cluster centers. The excess, believed to be caused by AGN in the cluster, is significant at the 8.0 sigma confidence level compared to the XPS density observed at the field edges. No significant central excess is found in the control fields. To investigate the physical origin of the AGN excess, we study the radial AGN density profile for a subset of 24 virialized clusters. We find a pronounced central spike (r<0.5 Mpc), followed by a depletion region at about 1.5 Mpc, and a broad secondary excess centered at approximately the virial radius of the host clusters (~2.5 Mpc). We present evidence that the central AGN excess reflects increased nuclear activity triggered by close encounters between infalling galaxies and the giant cD-type elliptical occupying the very cluster center. By contrast, the secondary excess at the cluster-field interface is likely due to black holes being fueled by galaxy mergers. In-depth spectroscopic and photometric follow-up observations of the optical counterparts of the XPS in a subset of our sample are being conducted to confirm this picture.
description: ApJ Letters, accepted (4 pages, 3 figures, uses emulateapj)
Additional file 3 of Patient perceptions of an electronic-health-record-based rheumatoid arthritis outcomes dashboard: a mixed-methods study
Creators: name: Nasrallah, Catherine
name: Wilson, Cherish
name: Hamblin, Alicia
name: Hariz, Christine
name: Young, Cammie
name: Li, Jing
name: Yazdany, Jinoos
name: Schmajuk, Gabriela
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplementary Material 3.
CNN Filter DB: An Empirical Investigation of Trained Convolutional Filters
Creators: name: Gavrikov, Paul
name: Keuper, Janis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Currently, many theoretical as well as practically relevant questions towards the transferability and robustness of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) remain unsolved. While ongoing research efforts are engaging these problems from various angles, in most computer vision related cases these approaches can be generalized to investigations of the effects of distribution shifts in image data. In this context, we propose to study the shifts in the learned weights of trained CNN models. Here we focus on the properties of the distributions of dominantly used 3x3 convolution filter kernels. We collected and publicly provide a dataset with over 1.4 billion filters from hundreds of trained CNNs, using a wide range of datasets, architectures, and vision tasks. In a first use case of the proposed dataset, we can show highly relevant properties of many publicly available pre-trained models for practical applications: I) We analyze distribution shifts (or the lack thereof) between trained filters along different axes of meta-parameters, like visual category of the dataset, task, architecture, or layer depth. Based on these results, we conclude that model pre-training can succeed on arbitrary datasets if they meet size and variance conditions. II) We show that many pre-trained models contain degenerated filters which make them less robust and less suitable for fine-tuning on target applications. Data & Project website: https://github.com/paulgavrikov/cnn-filter-db
description: significantly reduced PDF size in v2; Accepted as ORAL at IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 2022 (CVPR)
Additional file 14 of Allele-specific DNA methylation is increased in cancers and its dense mapping in normal plus neoplastic cells increases the yield of disease-associated regulatory SNPs
Creators: name: Do, Catherine
name: Dumont, Emmanuel L. P.
name: Salas, Martha
name: Castano, Angelica
name: Huthayfa Mujahed
name: Maldonado, Leonel
name: Arunjot Singh
name: DaSilva-Arnold, Sonia C.
name: Bhagat, Govind
name: Soren Lehman
name: Christiano, Angela M.
name: Madhavan, Subha
name: Nagy, Peter L.
name: Green, Peter H. R.
name: Feinman, Rena
name: Trimble, Cornelia
name: Illsley, Nicholas P.
name: Marder, Karen
name: Honig, Lawrence
name: Monk, Catherine
name: Goy, Andre
name: Kar Chow
name: Goldlust, Samuel
name: Kaptain, George
name: Siegel, David
name: Tycko, Benjamin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 14. Review history.
Holder continuity of weak solutions of p-Laplacian PDE's with VMO coefficients
Creators: name: Goodtich, C. S.
name: Ragusa, m. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B65 (primary), 49N60, 46E35 (secondary)

description: We consider solutions $u\in W^{1,p}\big(Ω;\mathbb{R}^{N}\big)$ of the $p$-Laplacian PDE \begin{equation} \nabla\cdot\big(a(x)|Du|^{p-2}Du\big)=0,\notag \end{equation} for $x\inΩ\subseteq\mathbb{R}^{n}$, where $Ω$ is open and bounded. More generally, we consider solutions of the elliptic system \begin{equation} \nabla\cdot\left(a(x)g'\big(a(x)|Du|\big)\frac{Du}{|Du|}\right)=0\text{, }x\inΩ\notag \end{equation} as well as minimizers of the functional \begin{equation} \int_Ωg\big(a(x)|Du|\big)\ dx.\notag \end{equation} In each case, the coefficient map $a\ : \ Ω\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$ is only assumed to be of class $VMO(Ω)\cap L^{\infty}(Ω)$, which means that it may be discontinuous. Without assuming that $x\mapsto a(x)$ has any weak differentiability, we show that $u\in\mathscr{C}_{\text{loc}}^{0,α}(Ω)$ for each $0
description: Nonlinear Analysis
Comparative Analysis of the Safe Training Performance about Farmers Use Pesticide -Sichuan Province of China as an example
Creators: name: Wenting, Song
name: Xinhong, Fu
name: Deping, Xiong
name: Yan, Wang
name: Lian, Huang
name: Wenting, Song
name: Xinhong, Fu
name: Deping, Xiong
name: Yan, Wang
name: Lian, Huang
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Training performance
subject: Farmers
subject: Pesticide

description: The Ministry of Agriculture of People’s Republic of China put in practice in non-hazardous food production and high-toxicity pesticides elimination, which aim at human, food and environmental safety. To investigate 491 farmers in Sichuan Province, the paper analyzes comparatively training content, fixed-point samples, different areas and training influence. The training content focuses on pesticide purchase, label reading, personal protection, container disposal, sprayer maintenance and sprayer cleaning. The results of SPSS statistical software show that there is a significant difference in 30 fixed-point samples between before and after training, and each index has obvious performance. And the results of component score and comprehensive scores of different areas show that part of areas’ performance are obvious. Finally, the policy recommendations are suggested aiming at the actual situation.
Red, yellow, or green light? : signaling performance in the Workers’ Compensation Board of British Columbia executive dashboard
Creators: name: Read, Bryan Andrew
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In 2002 the Workers' Compensation Board of British Columbia's management began a project to move its executive-level Balanced Scorecard metrics into a dashboard-type intranet application. This thesis begins by discussing this improvement in the communication of Balanced Scorecard results. It then explores, in detail, two different approaches to assessing performance. The first approach outlines the most common methods being used to set targets. These targets are measurable goals that the organization strives to achieve as part of its corporate strategy. The second approach involves the use of historical data to assess current performance. This section of the thesis discusses how the most recent value, short-term and long-term trends can be ranked against prior period measurements, and then combined into an aggregate performance assessment for the business metric. This result can then be used to communicate performance that is better or worse than historically experienced. Both the target setting and historical ranking approaches can be used in the dashboard to trigger an indicator light (red, yellow, or green) that signals performance to an executive. A red light signals that the organization needs to do additional work to explain performance or to initiate projects to improve results. Ultimately, it is through both setting targets and ranking performance that the WCB or any other organization will move closer to achieving its strategic objectives.
Electrical and Thermal Transport in Antiferromagnet-Superconductor Junctions
Creators: name: Jakobsen, Martin F.
name: Naess, Kristian B.
name: Dutta, Paramita
name: Brataas, Arne
name: Qaiumzadeh, Alireza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that antiferromagnet-superconductor (AF-S) junctions show qualitatively different transport properties than normal metal-superconductor (N--S) and ferromagnet-superconductor (F-S) junctions. We attribute these transport features to presence of two new scattering processes in AF--S junctions, i.e., specular reflection of holes and retroreflection of electrons. Using the Blonder-Tinkham-Klapwijk formalism, we find that the electrical and thermal conductance depend nontrivially on antiferromagnetic exchange strength. Furthermore, we show that the interplay between the Néel vector direction and the interfacial Rashba spin-orbit coupling leads to a large anisotropic magnetoresistance. The unusual transport properties make AF--S interfaces unique among the traditional condensed-matter-system-based superconducting junctions.
Consumers’ Willingness to Pay for New Genetically Modified Food Products: Evidence from Experimental Auctions of Intragenic and Transgenic Foods
Creators: name: Colson, Gregory
name: Huffman, Wallace E.
name: Colson, Gregory
name: Huffman, Wallace E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: GM foods
subject: consumer attributes
subject: willingness to pay
subject: economics experiments

description: Early GM traits were obtained by transferring genes across species, largely from soil bacteria. Part of the consumer resistance to them has been their transgenic nature. Recently, breakthroughs have occurred using intragenic bioengineering where genes are moved long distances within a specie, for example in potato, and without antibiotic markers. The objective of this research is to assess consumers’ acceptance and willingness to pay (WTP) for new intragenic fresh potato, tomato, and broccoli with higher levels of antioxidants and vitamin C, which are consumer traits. To elicit consumer valuations, a new series of experimental auctions were conducted in 2007 that built upon methodology developed in our earlier research. WTP was assessed in a multi-round n-th price auction with seven labeling treatments and five information treatments. We show for the first time that consumers are willing to pay significantly more for intragenic GM vegetables with enhanced levels of antioxidants and vitamin C than for a plain-labeled product and marginally more than for a GM-free product. Supporting earlier research, consumers’ WTP for GM food products is affected by the type of information available to them when they are making their decisions. The findings suggest potential success for future intragenic GM fresh produce.