cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Infrared camera-based imaging techniques for solar-grade silicon
Creators: name: Pohl, Peter
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Lock-in thermography
subject: trapping
subject: lifetime
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: [no abstract]
A Formalization of Finite Group Theory: Part II
Creators: name: Russinoff, David M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This is the second installment of an exposition of an ACL2 formalization of finite group theory. The first, which was presented at the 2022 ACL2 workshop, covered groups and subgroups, cosets, normal subgroups, and quotient groups, culminating in a proof of Cauchy's Theorem: If the order of a group G is divisible by a prime p, then G has an element of order p. This sequel addresses homomorphisms, direct products, and the Fundamental Theorem of Finite Abelian Groups: Every finite abelian group is isomorphic to the direct product of a list of cyclic p-groups, the orders of which are unique up to permutation. This theorem is a suitable application of ACL2 because of its extensive reliance on recursion and induction as well as the constructive nature of the factorization. The proof of uniqueness is especially challenging, requiring the formalization of vague intuition that is commonly taken as self-evident.
description: In Proceedings ACL2-2023, arXiv:2311.08373
Informal modes of governance in customer producer relations : the electronics industry in the Greater Pearl River Delta (China)
Creators: name: Meyer, Susanne
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Regional economic development (R11)
subject: institutional economics (B52)
subject: China (O53)
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::330 | Wirtschaft
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::650 | Management

description: [no abstract]
Identification and molecular characterization of the Rdr1 resistance gene from roses
Creators: name: Yasmin, Aneela
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Rosa
subject: black spot
subject: Rdr1
subject: Agrobacterium mediated transient disease assay
subject: Sternrußtau
subject: Agrobacterium transientes Komplementationssystem
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::630 | Landwirtschaft, Veterinärmedizin

description: [no abstract]
Identification and functional characterisation of enzymes in the glycosylation pathway of Leishmania major
Creators: name: Lamerz, Anne-Christin
Publisher: name: Hannover : Universität
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase
subject: UDP-galactose
subject: Leishmania
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: [no abstract]
Ultrafast modulation of near-field heat transfer with tunable metamaterials
Creators: name: Cui, Longji
name: Huang, Yong
name: Wang, Ju
name: Zhu, Ke-Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a mechanism of active near-field heat transfer modulation relying on externally tunable metamaterials. A large modulation effect is observed and can be explained by the coupling of surface modes, which is dramatically varied in the presence of controllable magnetoelectric coupling in metamaterials. We finally discuss how a practical picosecond-scale thermal modulator can be made. This modulator allows manipulating nanoscale heat flux in an ultrafast and noncontact (by optical means) manner.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
Identification of microRNAs miR-203 and miR-335 forming a network of regulation in breast cancer development
Creators: name: Heyn, Holger
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: MicroRNA
subject: BRCA1
subject: breast cancer
subject: MikroRNA
subject: Brustkrebs
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: [no abstract]
Impact of climate change on vegetable pest insects : Aleyrodes proletella as a model organism
Creators: name: Tölle-Nolting, Christine
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Climate change
subject: Aleyrodes proletella
subject: heat waves
subject: glucosinolates
subject: drought
subject: simulated rain
subject: Klimawandel
subject: Hitzewellen
subject: simulierter Regen
subject: Glucosinolate
subject: Trockenheit
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: [no abstract]
Identification of the causal agent, epidemiology and forecast of purple spot (Stemphylium vesicarium) on asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.)
Creators: name: Bohlen-Janßen, Henrik Enno
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Asparagus
subject: forecast
subject: SIMSTEM
subject: purple spot
subject: Stemphylium vesicarium
subject: Spargel
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::630 | Landwirtschaft, Veterinärmedizin

description: [no abstract]
Reducing 2-QuBit Gate Count for ZX-Calculus based Quantum Circuit Optimization
Creators: name: Staudacher, Korbinian
name: Guggemos, Tobias
name: Grundner-Culemann, Sophia
name: Gehrke, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the near term, programming quantum computers will remain severely limited by low quantum volumes. Therefore, it is desirable to implement quantum circuits with the fewest resources possible. For the common Clifford+T circuits, most research is focused on reducing the number of T gates, since they are an order of magnitude more expensive than Clifford gates in quantum error corrected encoding schemes. However, this optimization sometimes leads to more 2-qubit gates, which, even though they are less expensive in terms of fault-tolerance, contribute significantly to the overall circuit cost. Approaches based on the ZX-calculus have recently gained some popularity in the field, but reduction of 2-qubit gates is not their focus. In this work, we present an alternative for improving 2-qubit gate count of a quantum circuit with the ZX-calculus by using heuristics in ZX-diagram simplification. Our approach maintains the good reduction of the T gate count provided by other strategies based on ZX-calculus, thus serving as an extension for other optimization algorithms. Our results show that combining the available ZX-calculus-based optimizations with our algorithms can reduce the number of 2-qubit gates by as much as 40% compared to current approaches using ZX-calculus. Additionally, we improve the results of the best currently available optimization technique of Nam et. al for some circuits by up to 15%.
description: In Proceedings QPL 2022, arXiv:2311.08375
Identification of Causal Influences in Quantum Processes
Creators: name: Friend, Isaac
name: Kissinger, Aleks
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Though the topic of causal inference is typically considered in the context of classical statistical models, recent years have seen great interest in extending causal inference techniques to quantum and generalized theories. Causal identification is a type of causal inference problem concerned with recovering from observational data and qualitative assumptions the causal mechanisms generating the data, and hence the effects of hypothetical interventions. A major obstacle to a theory of causal identification in the quantum setting is the question of what should play the role of "observational data," as any means of extracting data at a certain locus will almost certainly disturb the system. Hence, one might think a priori that quantum measurements are already too much like interventions, so that the problem of causal identification trivializes. This is not the case. Fixing a limited class of quantum instruments (namely the class of all projective measurements) to play the role of "observations," we note that as in the classical setting, there exist scenarios for which causal identification is not possible. We then present sufficient conditions for quantum causal identification, starting with a quantum analogue of the well-known "front-door criterion" and finishing with a broader class of scenarios for which the effect of a single intervention is identifiable. These results emerge from generalizing the process-theoretic account of classical causal inference due to Jacobs, Kissinger, and Zanasi beyond the setting of Markov categories, and thereby treating the classical and quantum problems uniformly.
description: In Proceedings QPL 2022, arXiv:2311.08375
Instrumental and sensory analyses of peptides created by the peptidolysis of plant sources
Creators: name: Schmidt, Lars-Oliver Paul
Publisher: name: Hannover : Institutionelles Repositorium der Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: taste active glutamyl peptides
subject: wheat gluten hydrolysates
subject: fractionation
subject: size exclusion chromatography
subject: preparative HPLC
subject: sensory analysis
subject: mass spectrometry
subject: umami
subject: geschmacksaktive glutamyl-Peptide
subject: Weizengluten-Hydrolysat
subject: Fraktionierung
subject: Größenausschluss-Chromatografie
subject: präparative HPLC
subject: sensorische Analyse
subject: Massenspektrometrie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: Umami is one of the five basic tastes beside sweet, bitter, sour, and salty. It is well known in various fermented food preparations like soy sauce. Umami represents the taste of L-glutamate and 5’-ribonucleotides, such as guanosine and inosine monophosphate. Since the acceptance of the consumers for monosodium glutamate (MSG) is steadily declining, the interest of the food industry for umami active substitutes increased continuously. This study was based on the umami taste of wheat gluten hydrolysates. Differently produced hydrolysates were examined. At the beginning of this project, the overall umami taste of the samples and the peptide composition were determined. Up to 197 small biomolecules were identified, among them several umami active compounds like Ile-Glu, Val-Glu, Val-Asp, Ser-Glu, Glu-Gln-Glu, Val-Val, pGlu-Pro, pGlu-Gln, and pGlu-Gly. The composition of wheat gluten hydrolysate has not previously been described in such detail. A fractionation approach was performed to generate samples containing a lower number of substances while still imparting the umami taste. Fractionation via Size Exclusion Chromatography (SEC) led to three fractions eliciting intense umami taste. A fivefold increase of the umami taste was described by 93 % of the panellists. As before, their peptide composition was determined by UPLC-HR-QTOF-MS/MS. Several peptides were identified, which made the sub-fractions unique, and the known umami active compounds of the starting material were found again. However, the multitude of identified substances made it impossible to discover a single substance that imparted the umami taste. Another fractionation was performed. Sub-fractionation via prepHPLC did not lead to samples showing a significant umami taste in the sensory analysis, even though known umami active substances were identified (Glu-Leu, Val-Glu, Val-Gly, Val-Asp, Pro-Glu, Pro-Gly, Pro-Thr, and diketo-Glu-Gln). A refined SEC sub-fractionation approach led to taste active sub-fractions. Only 17 substances were identified in the sub-fractions, whereas two (Glu-Leu, diketo-Glu-Pro) of them had known umami activities. Sensory analysis of the remaining 15 single compounds needs to be performed to discover a compound with umami activity, which was not described yet.
Radial Velocity Detection of Earth-mass Planets in the Presence of Activity Noise: The Case of Alpha Centauri Bb
Creators: name: Hatzes, Artie P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of the publicly available HARPS radial velocity (RV) measurements for Alpha Cen B, a star hosting an Earth-mass planet candidate in a 3.24 day orbit. The goal is to devise robust ways of extracting low-amplitude RV signals of low mass planets in the presence of activity noise. Two approaches were used to remove the stellar activity signal which dominates the RV variations: 1) Fourier component analysis (pre-whitening), and 2) local trend filtering (LTF) of the activity using short time windows of the data. The Fourier procedure results in a signal at P = 3.236 days and K = 0.42 m/s which is consistent with the presence of an Earth-mass planet, but the false alarm probability for this signal is rather high at a few percent. The LTF results in no significant detection of the planet signal, although it is possible to detect a marginal planet signal with this method using a different choice of time windows and fitting functions. However, even in this case the significance of the 3.24-d signal depends on the details of how a time window containing only 10% of the data is filtered. Both methods should have detected the presence of Alpha Cen Bb at a higher significance than is actually seen. We also investigated the influence of random noise with a standard deviation comparable to the HARPS data and sampled in the same way. The distribution of the noise peaks in the period range 2.8 - 3.3 days have a maximum of approximately 3.2 days and amplitudes approximately one-half of the K-amplitude for the planet. The presence of the activity signal may boost the velocity amplitude of these signals to values comparable to the planet. It may be premature to attribute the 3.24 day RV variations to an Earth-mass planet. A better understanding of the noise characteristics in the RV data as well as more measurements with better sampling will be needed to confirm this exoplanet.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Changes in the self-energy and d-wave pairing strength with doping in overdoped La(2-x)Sr(x)CuO4
Creators: name: Dahm, Thomas
name: Scalapino, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) studies of the overdoped cuprate superconductor La$_{2-x}$Sr$_x$CuO$_4$ find only small changes in the near nodal electron self energy over a spectral range of several hundred meV as the doping increases from x=0.2 to x=0.3 and the superconducting transition temperature T_c decreases from 32K to 0K. These measurements put constraints on the structure of the electron-electron interaction. Here we show that a spin-fluctuation interaction leads to behavior which is consistent with these experimental results.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
CREPE Notes: A new method for segmenting pitch contours into discrete notes
Creators: name: Riley, Xavier
name: Dixon, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Tracking the fundamental frequency (f0) of a monophonic instrumental performance is effectively a solved problem with several solutions achieving 99% accuracy. However, the related task of automatic music transcription requires a further processing step to segment an f0 contour into discrete notes. This sub-task of note segmentation is necessary to enable a range of applications including musicological analysis and symbolic music generation. Building on CREPE, a state-of-the-art monophonic pitch tracking solution based on a simple neural network, we propose a simple and effective method for post-processing CREPE's output to achieve monophonic note segmentation. The proposed method demonstrates state-of-the-art results on two challenging datasets of monophonic instrumental music. Our approach also gives a 97% reduction in the total number of parameters used when compared with other deep learning based methods.
Additional file 7 of An integrative gene expression signature analysis identifies CMS4 KRAS-mutated colorectal cancers sensitive to combined MEK and SRC targeted therapy
Creators: name: Yang, Mingli
name: Davis, Thomas B.
name: Pflieger, Lance
name: Nebozhyn, Michael V.
name: Loboda, Andrey
name: Wang, Heiman
name: Schell, Michael J.
name: Thota, Ramya
name: Pledger, W. Jack
name: Yeatman, Timothy J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file7. 154 CRC cell lines_CMS_signaturescores.xls.
Key criteria for developing ecosystem service indicators to inform decision making
Creators: name: Van Oudenhoven, Alexander P.E.
name: Schröter, Matthias
name: Drakou, Evangelia G.
name: Geijzendorffer, Ilse R.
name: Jacobs, Sander
name: Van Bodegom, Peter M.
name: Chazee, Laurent
name: Czúcz, Bálint
name: Grunewald, Karsten
name: Lillebø, Ana I.
name: Nogueira, António J.A.
name: Pacheco-Romero, Manuel
name: Perennou, Christian
name: Remme, Roy P.
name: Rova, Silvia
name: Syrbe, Ralf-Uwe
name: Tratalos, Jamie A.
name: Vallejos, María
name: Albert, Christian
Publisher: name: Amsterdam : Elsevier
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Science-policy interface
subject: CSL
subject: Credibility
subject: Salience
subject: Legitimacy
subject: Environmental Planning
subject: Feasibility
subject: ecosystem services
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::700 | Künste, Bildende Kunst allgemein::710 | Landschaftsgestaltung, Raumplanung
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::700 | Künste, Bildende Kunst allgemein::720 | Architektur

description: Decision makers are increasingly interested in information from ecosystem services (ES) assessments. Scientists have for long recognised the importance of selecting appropriate indicators. Yet, while the amount and variety of indicators developed by scientists seems to increase continuously, the extent to which the indicators truly inform decision makers is often unknown and questioned. In this viewpoint paper, we reflect and provide guidance on how to develop appropriate ES indicators for informing decision making, building on scientific literature and practical experience collected from researchers involved in seven case studies. We synthesized 16 criteria for ES indicator selection and organized them according to the widely used categories of credibility, salience, legitimacy (CSL). We propose to consider additional criteria related to feasibility (F), as CSL criteria alone often seem to produce indicators which are unachievable in practice. Considering CSLF together requires a combination of scientific knowledge, communication skills, policy and governance insights and on-field experience. In conclusion, we present a checklist to evaluate CSLF of your ES indicators. This checklist helps to detect and mitigate critical shortcomings in an early phase of the development process, and aids the development of effective indicators to inform actual policy decisions.
Intelligent crack extraction based on terrestrial laser scanning measurement
Creators: name: Yang, Hao
name: Xu, Xiangyang
Publisher: name: Thousand Oaks, CA : SAGE
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: TLS
subject: crack extraction
subject: tunnel structures
subject: Canny algorithm
subject: intelligent identification
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: The hazards of cracks, which could badly decrease reliability and safety of structures, are receiving increasing attention with the popularity of tunnel constructions. Traditional crack inspection relies on visual examination, which is time-, cost- and labor-intensive. Therefore, how to identify and measure cracks intelligently is significantly essential. The paper focuses on the Canny method to extract cracks of tunnel structures by the intensity value of reflectivity. We propose and investigate a novel method which combines dilation and the Canny algorithm to identify and extract the cracks automatically and intelligently based on the point cloud data of terrestrial laser scanning measurement. In order for measurement of cracks, the projection of summed edge pixels is adopted, where a synthesis is carried out on the detection results with all sampling parameters. Based on the synthesized image, vertical crack presents two sharp peaks where the space of the peaks indicates the average width of the crack, as well as its position. The advantage of the method is that it does not require determination of Canny detector parameters. The deviation between manual measurement and Canny detection is 2.92%.
Intended process water management concept for the mechanical biological treatment of municipal solid waste
Creators: name: Weichgrebe, D.
name: Maerker, S.
name: Böning, T.
name: Stegemann, H.
Publisher: name: Amsterdam : Elsevier
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mechanical biological waste treatment
subject: Process water
subject: Municipal solid waste
subject: Exhaust air treatment
subject: Intensive tunnel rotting
subject: Abluftreinigung
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Accumulating operational experience in both aerobic and anaerobic mechanical biological waste treatment (MBT) makes it increasingly obvious that controlled water management would substantially reduce the cost of MBT and also enhance resource recovery of the organic and inorganic fraction. The MBT plant at Gescher, Germany, is used as an example in order to determine the quantity and composition of process water and leachates from intensive and subsequent rotting, pressing water from anaerobic digestion and scrubber water from acid exhaust air treatment, and hence prepare an MBT water balance. The potential of, requirements for and limits to internal process water reuse as well as the possibilities of resource recovery from scrubber water are also examined. Finally, an assimilated process water management concept with the purpose of an extensive reduction of wastewater quantity and freshwater demand is presented.
The wind of the M-type AGB star RT Virginis probed by VLTI/MIDI
Creators: name: Sacuto, Stéphane
name: Ramstedt, Sofia
name: Höfner, Susanne
name: Olofsson, Hans
name: Bladh, Sara
name: Eriksson, Kjell
name: Aringer, Bernhard
name: Klotz, Daniela
name: Maercker, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the circumstellar environment of the M-type AGB star RT Vir using mid-infrared high spatial resolution observations from the ESO-VLTI focal instrument MIDI. The aim of this study is to provide observational constraints on theoretical prediction that the winds of M-type AGB objects can be driven by photon scattering on iron-free silicate grains located in the close environment (about 2 to 3 stellar radii) of the star. We interpreted spectro-interferometric data, first using wavelength-dependent geometric models. We then used a self-consistent dynamic model atmosphere containing a time-dependent description of grain growth for pure forsterite dust particles to reproduce the photometric, spectrometric, and interferometric measurements of RT Vir. Since the hydrodynamic computation needs stellar parameters as input, a considerable effort was first made to determine these parameters. MIDI differential phases reveal the presence of an asymmetry in the stellar vicinity. Results from the geometrical modeling give us clues to the presence of aluminum and silicate dust in the close circumstellar environment (< ~5 stellar radii). Comparison between spectro-interferometric data and a self-consistent dust-driven wind model reveals that silicate dust has to be present in the region between 2 to 3 stellar radii to reproduce the 59 and 63 m baseline visibility measurements around 9.8 micron. This gives additional observational evidence in favor of winds driven by photon scattering on iron-free silicate grains located in the close vicinity of an M-type star. However, other sources of opacity are clearly missing to reproduce the 10-13 micron visibility measurements for all baselines. This study is a first attempt to understand the wind mechanism of M-type AGB stars by comparing photometric, spectrometric, and interferometric measurements with state-of-the-art, self-consistent dust-driven wind models. The agreement of the dynamic model atmosphere with interferometric measurements in the 8-10 micron spectral region gives additional observational evidence that the winds of M-type stars can be driven by photon scattering on iron-free silicate grains. Finally, a larger statistical study and progress in advanced self-consistent 3D modeling are still required to solve the remaining problems.
description: Astronomy and Astrophysics (2013)
Innovative 3D Model of the Human Middle Ear in High Resolution with a Histological Microgrinding Method: A Feasibility Study and Comparison with μCT
Creators: name: Bradel, Susanne
name: Doniga-Crivat, Laura
name: Besdo, Silke
name: Lexow, Franziska
name: Fehr, Michael
name: Lenarz, Thomas
name: Prenzler, Nils
name: Brandes, Gudrun
Publisher: name: London : Hindawi
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Human
subject: Middle Ear
subject: 3D model
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: Conclusion. The development of a histological 3D model of the tympanic cavity visualizes the exact microanatomy of the sound conduction organ and is therefore essential for finite elements simulations and surgical training. Objectives. So far, no accurate histological 3D model of the sound conduction system existed in literature. For 3D reconstruction of the very fine structures inside and outside the auditory ossicles, a method based on histological slices allows a more differential analysis of both hard and soft tissues and could thus be superior to μCT. Method. A complete temporal bone was embedded in epoxy resin and microground in distances of about 34 μm. After photodocumentation of every plane, a 3D reconstruction was performed by using the Computer Aided Design (CAD) program Rhinoceros 5®. For comparison, a μCT of the same specimen resulted in a 3D model of the calcified structures in the middle ear. Results. The histological 3D model gives an excellent overview to all anatomical soft and bony tissues of the human auditory ossicles. Specifically the fine blood vessel system and the exact dimension of cartilage areas inside the ossicles can be illustrated much more precisely than with μCT data. The present technique also allows the evaluation of the fine connecting ligaments inside the tympanic cavity.
Investigation of Impact Loads Caused by Ultrasonic Cavitation Bubbles in Small Gaps
Creators: name: Bai, Fushi
name: Saalbach, Kai-Alexander
name: Wang, Liang
name: Twiefel, Jens
Publisher: name: Piscataway, NJ : IEEE
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cavitation bubbles
subject: impact loads
subject: small standoff distance
subject: working efficiency
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Ultrasonic cavitation shows a great potential in various industrial applications such as sonochemistry, food processing, ultrasonic cleaning, and surface treatments. These applications have the advantages of high temperatures or high pressure due to the collapse of cavitation bubbles. In surface treatments, the collapse of bubbles occurs near workpiece surfaces and creates micro-jets which lead to high impact forces. As one of these surface treatment processes, ultrasonic cavitation peening requires a small gap between the vibration source and the treated surface to obtain the maximum impact force. Due to these small gaps, the growth and collapse of cavitation bubbles are affected, which result in the changes of impact forces. Therefore, the investigation of the impact loads caused by ultrasonic cavitation bubbles in small gaps is the focus of this contribution. A theoretical model taking into consideration bubble interactions is utilized to estimate the optimal standoff distance at which the largest impact forces occur. Then, experimental investigations are carried out. A piezoelectric sensor with a titanium alloy cover is used to record the number of impacts and their amplitudes. The recorded signals are then processed in time and frequency domains. The experimental results show that large impact loads are generated when the gap width is in the range of 0.5-0.8 mm. It is also found that the maximum working efficiency occurs in this range.
Investigation of intracochlear dual actuator stimulation in a scaled test rig
Creators: name: Van Drunen, Wouter J.
name: Lachheb, Sarra Kacha
name: Glukhovskoy, Anatoly
name: Twiefel, Jens
name: Wurz, Marc C.
name: Lenarz, Thomas
name: Rau, Thomas S.
name: Majdani, Omid
Publisher: name: Berlin, Boston : De Gruyter
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cochlea
subject: EAS
subject: EMS
subject: intracochlear stimulation
subject: cochlear implant
subject: piezoelectric bending actuator
subject: basilar membrane model
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: For patients suffering from profound hearing loss or deafness still having respectable residual hearing in the low frequency range, the combination of a hearing aid with a cochlear implant results in the best quality of hearing perception (EAS – electric acoustic stimulation). In order to optimize EAS, ongoing research focusses on the integration of these stimuli in a single implant device. Within this study, the performance of piezoelectric actuators, particularly the dual actuator stimulation, in a scaled uncoiled test rig was investigated.
Evidence for microlensing by primordial black holes in quasar broad emission lines
Creators: name: Hawkins, M. R. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the detection of black hole mergers by the LIGO gravitational wave telescope, there has been increasing interest in the possibility that dark matter may be in the form of solar mass primordial black holes. One of the predictions implicit in this idea is that compact clouds in the broad emission line regions of high redshift quasars will be microlensed, leading to changes in line structure and the appearance of new emission features. In this paper the effect of microlensing on the broad emission line region is reviewed by reference to gravitationally lensed quasar systems where microlensing of the emission lines can be unambiguously identified. It is then shown that although changes in Seyfert galaxy line profiles occur on timescales of a few years, they are too nearby for a significant chance that they could be microlensed, and are plausibly attributed to intrinsic changes in line structure. In contrast, in a sample of 53 high redshift quasars, 9 quasars show large changes in line profile at a rate consistent with microlensing. These changes occur on a timescale an order of magnitude too short for changes associated with the dynamics of the emission line region. The main conclusion of the paper is that the observed changes in quasar emission line profiles are consistent with microlensing by a population of solar mass compact bodies making up the dark matter, although other explanations like intrinsic variability are possible. Such bodies are most plausibly identified as primordial black holes.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Magnetic Anisotropy of Single Mn Acceptors in GaAs in an External Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Bozkurt, M.
name: Mahani, M. R.
name: Studer, P.
name: Tang, J. -M.
name: Schofield, S. R.
name: Curson, N. J.
name: Flatte, M. E
name: Silov, A. Yu.
name: Hirjibehedin, C. F.
name: Canali, C. M.
name: Koenraad, P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effect of an external magnetic field on the physical properties of the acceptor hole states associated with single Mn acceptors placed near the (110) surface of GaAs. Crosssectional scanning tunneling microscopy images of the acceptor local density of states (LDOS) show that the strongly anisotropic hole wavefunction is not significantly affected by a magnetic field up to 6 T. These experimental results are supported by theoretical calculations based on a tightbinding model of Mn acceptors in GaAs. For Mn acceptors on the (110) surface and the subsurfaces immediately underneath, we find that an applied magnetic field modifies significantly the magnetic anisotropy landscape. However the acceptor hole wavefunction is strongly localized around the Mn and the LDOS is quite independent of the direction of the Mn magnetic moment. On the other hand, for Mn acceptors placed on deeper layers below the surface, the acceptor hole wavefunction is more delocalized and the corresponding LDOS is much more sensitive on the direction of the Mn magnetic moment. However the magnetic anisotropy energy for these magnetic impurities is large (up to 15 meV), and a magnetic field of 10 T can hardly change the landscape and rotate the direction of the Mn magnetic moment away from its easy axis. We predict that substantially larger magnetic fields are required to observe a significant field-dependence of the tunneling current for impurities located several layers below the GaAs surface.
description: None
Evidence for charge delocalization crossover in the quantum critical superconductor CeRhIn$_5$
Creators: name: Wang, Honghong
name: Park, Tae Beom
name: Kim, Jihyun
name: Jang, Harim
name: Bauer, Eric D.
name: Thompson, Joe D.
name: Park, Tuson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of charge degrees-of-freedom distinguishes scenarios for interpreting the character of a second order magnetic transition at zero temperature, that is, a magnetic quantum critical point (QCP). Heavy-fermion systems are prototypes of this paradigm, and in those, the relevant question is where, relative to a magnetic QCP, does the Kondo effect delocalize their $f$-electron degrees-of-freedom. Herein, we use pressure-dependent Hall measurements to identify a finite-temperature scale $E_\text{loc}$ that signals a crossover from $f$-localized to $f$-delocalized character. As a function of pressure, $E_\text{loc}(P)$ extrapolates smoothly to zero temperature at the antiferromagnetic QCP of CeRhIn$_5$ where its Fermi surface reconstructs, hallmarks of Kondo-breakdown criticality that generates critical magnetic and charge fluctuations. In 4.4% Sn-doped CeRhIn$_5$, however, $E_\text{loc}(P)$ extrapolates into its magnetically ordered phase and is decoupled from the pressure-induced magnetic QCP, which implies a spin-density-wave (SDW) type of criticality that produces only critical fluctuations of the SDW order parameter. Our results demonstrate the importance of experimentally determining $E_\text{loc}$ to characterize quantum criticality and the associated consequences for understanding the pairing mechanism of superconductivity that reaches a maximum $T_\text{c}$ in both materials at their respective magnetic QCP.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures, published in Nature Communications
Integration of gap junction coupling in adenosine signalling of endothelial cells
Creators: name: Bader, Almke
Publisher: name: Hannover : Institutionelles Repositorium der Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: gap junctions
subject: adenosine receptors
subject: gold nanoparticle-mediated laser perforation/dye transfer
subject: Adenosinrezeptoren
subject: Goldnanopartikel-vermittelte Laserperforation/Farbstofftransfer
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: By allowing a direct exchange of ions and metabolites between cells, gap junctions participate in the formation of physiological units in tissues. Gap junctions in endothelial cells are essential for maintaining vascular functions. Adenosine is a ubiquitous extracellular signalling molecule that can evoke cellular responses in large tissue areas by binding in a paracrine manner to its receptors. Adenosine receptor-dependent signalling mechanisms regulate several vascular functions, for example vasodilation or endothelial barrier properties. Since gap junctions are important for various tissue functions, it is essential to include the gap junction regulation into general signalling mechanisms within tissues. Therefore, the regulation of gap junction coupling by adenosine receptor signalling was analysed in the presented work. Activation of the adenosine receptor subtype A2B significantly increased the gap junction coupling and the amount of connexin43 gap junction plaques in microvascular endothelial hCMEC/D3 cells via activation of cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels. On functional level the regulation of gap junctions upon adenosine receptor activation and especially the involvement of CNG channels is as yet a disregarded signalling link and could provide new insights for example into the regulation of inflammatory conditions. Analysis of gap junction coupling was performed with scrape loading/dye transfer assays. To improve this technique a gold nanoparticle-mediated laser perforation/dye transfer (GNOME LP/DT) method was established for a non-invasive, cell-friendly analysis of gap junction-dependent cell coupling. The GNOME LP/DT method enabled the analysis of gap junction coupling with similar results as scrape loading/dye transfer assays and was more reproducible. Additionally, the GNOME LP/DT method was successfully applied to sensitive cells and in complex cell culture systems, for example three-dimensional cell culture or co-culture of blood-brain barrier cells in transwell inserts. Applying the GNOME LP/DT method in such cell culture systems in combination with transendothelial resistance measurements can provide new insight into the role of gap junctions in the physiology of the blood-brain barrier.
On constant-multiple-free sets contained in a random set of integers
Creators: name: Lee, Sang June
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11B30, 05D40

description: For a rational number $r>1$, a set $A$ of positive integers is called an $r$-multiple-free set if $A$ does not contain any solution of the equation $rx = y$. The extremal problem on estimating the maximum possible size of $r$-multiple-free sets contained in $[n]:={1,2,...,n}$ has been studied for its own interest in combinatorial number theory and application to coding theory. Let $a$, $b$ be positive integers such that $a
description: 9 pages, 1 figure, Abstract was modified
Integral points of bounded height via universal torsors
Creators: name: Wilsch, Florian
Publisher: name: Hannover : Institutionelles Repositorium der Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: integral points
subject: universal torsors
subject: Manin's conjecture
subject: universelle Torsore
subject: Manins Vermutung
subject: ganze Punkte
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::510 | Mathematik

description: A conjecture of Manin’s relates the number of rational points of bounded height on Fano varieties with their geometric properties. Analogously to this conjecture on rational points, we study the distribution of integral points of bounded height on three varieties: on a smooth Fano threefold of Picard number 2 and type 30 in the Mori–Mukai classification, on a quartic del Pezzo surface with an A1- and an A3-singularity, and on a toric threefold. We determine asymptotic formulas and interpret the leading term geometrically. For the proofs, we parametrize integral points using universal torsors, and use analytic techniques to count integral points on the torsor. This seems to be the first application of the torsor method to integral points. The asymptotic formula for our toric variety contradicts a result by Chambert-Loir and Tschinkel. We describe an obstruction that explains this contradiction, and study its relation with some constants that appear in asymptotic formulas for the number of integral points of bounded height.
description: Eine Vermutung von Manin stellt einen Bezug zwischen der Anzahl rationaler Punkte beschränkter Höhe auf Fano-Varietäten und geometrischen Eigenschaften her. Analog zu dieser Vermutung für rationale Punkte untersuchen wir die Verteilung ganzer Punkte beschränkter Höhe auf drei Varietäten: auf einer glatten dreidimensionalen Fano-Varietät von Picardrang 2 und Typ 30 in der Mori– Mukai-Klassifikation, auf einer quartischen del-Pezzo-Fläche mit A1- und A3- Singularität und auf einer dreidimensionalen torischen Varietät. Wir bestimmen asymptotische Formeln und interpretieren den führenden Term geometrisch. In den Beweisen parametrisieren wir die ganzen Punkte mit Hilfe universeller Torsore, und zählen ganze Punkte auf den universellen Torsoren mit analytischen Methoden. Dies scheint die erste Anwendung der Torsor-Methode zum Zählen ganzer Punkte zu sein. Die asymptotische Formel für die torische Varietät steht im Widerspruch zu einem Ergebnis von Chambert-Loir und Tschinkel. Wir beschreiben eine Obstruktion, die diesen Widerspruch erklärt und untersuchen ihren Zusammenhang mit einigen Konstanten, die ein Bestandteil asymptotischer Formeln für die Anzahl ganzer Punkte beschränkter Höhe sind.
Design and Implementation of a Hybrid Wireless Power and Communication System for Medical Implants
Creators: name: Khaleghi, A.
name: Hasanvand, A.
name: Balasingham, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Data collection and analysis from multiple implant nodes in humans can provide targeted medicine and treatment strategies that can prevent many chronic diseases. This data can be collected for a long time and processed using artificial intelligence (AI) techniques in a medical network for early detection and prevention of diseases. Additionally, machine learning (ML) algorithms can be applied for the analysis of big data for health monitoring of the population. Wireless powering, sensing, and communication are essential parts of future wireless implants that aim to achieve the aforementioned goals. In this paper, we present the technical development of a wireless implant that is powered by radio frequency (RF) at 401 MHz, with the sensor data being communicated to an on-body reader. The implant communication is based on two simultaneous wireless links: RF backscatter for implant-to-on-body communication and a galvanic link for intra-body implant-to-implant connectivity. It is demonstrated that RF powering, using the proposed compact antennas, can provide an efficient and integrable system for powering up to an 8 cm depth inside body tissues. Furthermore, the same antennas are utilized for backscatter and galvanic communication.
Additional file 1 of Correction to: Economic evaluation of advanced practice physiotherapy models of care: a systematic review with meta-analyses
Creators: name: Lafrance, Simon
name: Demont, Anthony
name: Thavorn, Kednapa
name: Fernandes, Julio
name: Santaguida, Carlo
name: Desmeules, François
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Inorganic nanoparticles for functional coating applications
Creators: name: Waltz, Florian
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Functional coatings
subject: zinc oxide
subject: magnesium fluoride
subject: corrosion
subject: magnesium
subject: mesocrystals
subject: polysaccharides
subject: transparent conductive films
subject: Funktionelle Filme
subject: Zinkoxid
subject: Magnesiumfluorid
subject: Korrosion
subject: Mesokristalle
subject: Polysaccharide
subject: transparente leitfähige Filme
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: [no abstract]
Integration of soil-applied azadirachtin with predators, entomopathogens and optical/chemical traps for the management of western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)
Creators: name: Otieno, Jacinter Atieno
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Frankliniella occidentalis
subject: soil application
subject: biological control
subject: entomopathogenic fungi
subject: entomopathogenic nematodes
subject: Orius laevigatus
subject: synergism
subject: additivity
subject: blue sticky traps
subject: light-emitting diodes
subject: Lurem-TR
subject: Bodenapplikation
subject: biologischer Pflanzenschutz
subject: entomopathogene Pilze
subject: entomopathogene Nematoden
subject: Synergismus
subject: Additivität
subject: blaue Klebtafeln
subject: Licht-emittierende Dioden
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::630 | Landwirtschaft, Veterinärmedizin

description: [no abstract]
title: A Novel Parking Management in Smart City Vehicular Datacenters
Creators: name: Rizvi, Syed
name: Zehra, Susan
name: Olariu, Steven
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Researchers have shown that most vehicles spend the majority of their time parked in parking garages, lots, or driveways. During this time, their computing resources are unused and untapped. This has led to substantial interest in Vehicular Cloud, an area of research in which each vehicle acts as a computation node. The main difference between traditional cloud computing and vehicular cloud computing is the availability of nodes. In traditional clouds, nodes are available 24/7, while in vehicular clouds, nodes (vehicles) are only available while parked in parking lots. This creates a dynamic environment as vehicles enter and exit parking garages at random. In this paper, we present a novel framework called ADAM (Auction-based Datacenter Management) for Vehicular Cloud. It uses auction and market design approaches and makes the following contributions: (1) integration of software agents that can search, bid, price, and allocate jobs on behalf of stakeholders, (2) formulation of a truthful auction-based job management system that unifies job allocation, scheduling, and pricing strategies, and (3) simulation studies demonstrating substantial performance benefits. The results of our simulations show that the proposed interactive agents enable efficient processing of large amounts of data, leading to cost savings for stakeholders, reducing the load on conventional clouds, and improving the utility of parked vehicles and parking facilities.