cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sets, groups, and fields definable in vector spaces with a bilinear form
Creators: name: Dobrowolski, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study definable sets, groups, and fields in the theory $T_\infty$ of infinite-dimensional vector spaces over an algebraically closed field equipped with a nondegenerate symmetric (or alternating) bilinear form. First, we define an ($\mathbb{N}\times \mathbb{Z},\leq_{lex}$)-valued dimension on definable sets in $T_\infty$ enjoying many properties of Morley rank in strongly minimal theories. Then, using this dimension notion as the main tool, we prove that all groups definable in $T_\infty$ are (algebraic-by-abelian)-by-algebraic, which, in particular, answers a question of Granger. We conclude that every infinite field definable in $T_\infty$ is definably isomorphic to the field of scalars of the vector space. We derive some other consequences of good behaviour of the dimension in $T_\infty$, e.g. every generic type in any definable set is a definable type; every set is an extension base; every definable group has a definable connected component. We also consider the theory $T^{RCF}_\infty$ of vector spaces over a real closed field equipped with a nondegenerate alternating bilinear form or a nondegenerate symmetric positive-definite bilinear form. Using the same construction as in the case of $T_\infty$, we define a dimension on sets definable in $T^{RCF}_\infty$, and using it we prove analogous results about definable groups and fields: every group definable in $T^{RCF}_{\infty}$ is (semialgebraic-by-abelian)-by-semialgebraic (in particular, it is (Lie-by-abelian)-by-Lie), and every field definable in $T^{RCF}_{\infty}$ is definable in the field of scalars, hence it is either real closed or algebraically closed.
description: v2: The particular bounds on dimension obtained in Section 3 were corrected, and a number of minor corrections has been made throughout the paper
title: Application of laser modification for strengthening the working surfaces of machine details
Creators: name: Vedernikova, I.I.
name: Poletaev, V.A.
Publisher: name: Scientific Research Centre "MachineStructure"
Year: 2019

description: The issues of developing a method of hardening the working surfaces of machine parts. The method of laser modification is presented. Both the method itself and the results obtained from the various modes of this method are described. Based on the results, tests were carried out and in the end a laser modification mode with the best indicators of hardness, strength and wear resistance was selected.
Synthesis and Properties of Bismuth Ferrite Multiferroic Nanoflowers
Creators: name: Chybczynska, K.
name: Lawniczak, P.
name: Hilczer, B.
name: Leska, B.
name: Pankiewicz, R.
name: Pietraszko, A.
name: Kepinski, L.
name: Kaluski, T.
name: Cieluch, P.
name: Matelski, F.
name: Andrzejewski, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The method of microwave assisted hydrothermal synthesis of bismuth ferrite multiferroic nanoflowers, their mechanism of growth, magnetic as well as dielectric properties are presented. The nanoflowers are composed of numerous petals formed by BiFeO3 (BFO) nanocrystals and some amount of amorphous phase. The growth of the nanoflowers begins from the central part of calyx composed of only few petals towards which subsequent petals are successively attached. The nanoflowers exhibit enhanced magnetization due to size effect and lack of spin compensation in the spin cycloid. The dielectric properties of the nanoflowers are influenced by water confined to crystal nanovoids resulting in a broad dielectric permittivity maximum at 200 K ÷ 300 K and also by Polomska transition above the temperature of 450 K.
description: 8 pages, 13 figures
The relativized Lascar groups, type-amalgamation, and algebraicity
Creators: name: Dobrowolski, Jan
name: Kim, Byunghan
name: Kolesnikov, Alexei
name: Lee, Junguk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We apply compact group theory to obtain some model-theoretic results about the relativized Lascar Galois group of a strong type.
Dissociation and ionization of HeH+in sub-cycle-controlled intense two-color fields
Creators: name: Oppermann, F.
name: Wustelt, P.
name: Florin, T.
name: Mhatre, S.
name: Gräfe, S.
name: Paulus, G.G.
name: Lein, M.
Publisher: name: Bristol : Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: helium hydride molecular ion
subject: time-dependent Schrödinger equation
subject: two-color laser fields
subject: Color
subject: Ground state
subject: Ionization
subject: Quantum theory
subject: Dissociation process
subject: Fragmentation channels
subject: Helium hydride
subject: Ionization yield
subject: Non-Born Oppenheimer
subject: Nuclear motions
subject: Quantum mechanical
subject: Two-color laser pulse
subject: Dissociation
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Using quantum-mechanical, one-dimensional, non-Born-Oppenheimer simulations we study the control over the strong-field dynamics of the helium hydride molecular ion HeH+ due to interaction driven by short and strong two-color laser pulses. We calculate yields of two competing fragmentation channels: electron removal and dissociation. We find that by changing the relative phase of the two colors, we can select the dominating channel. Nuclear motion is decisive for explaining ionization in this target. Ionization yields are vastly underestimated when nuclear motion is excluded and they are substantially reduced in the heavier isotopologue HeD+. Coupling of the two lowest electronic states is crucial even for the ground-state dissociation process. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd.
P2P perspectives: Let’s connect the dots, agree on standards - and talk about it
Creators: name: Heller, Lambert
Publisher: name: Hannover : Institutionelles Repositorium der Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Blockchain
subject: Open Science
subject: peer-to-peer network
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::000 | Allgemeines, Wissenschaft::020 | Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft

description: Talk given at the Blockchain for Science Con, November 5-6 2018, Berlin. https://www.blockchainforsciencecon.com/
title: Determination of mechanical and tribological properties of friction surfaces during laser hardening of steel 40Cr
Creators: name: Biryukov, V.P.
name: Starostin, D.A.
name: D.V., Klevetov
Publisher: name: Scientific Research Centre "MachineStructure"
Year: 2019

description: The work is devoted to study of effect of laser hardening on the geometrical parameters of the zones of hardening, mikrohardnes hardened layers. Comparative wear tests have shown that with the increase in the area of hardening of the friction surface, the wear resistance increases. The results can be used in the development of new technologies of laser hardening of parts made of structural steels.
Additional file 5 of Scoping review of Culex mosquito life history trait heterogeneity in response to temperature
Creators: name: Moser, S. Kane
name: Barnard, Martha
name: Frantz, Rachel M.
name: Spencer, Julie A.
name: Rodarte, Katie A.
name: Crooker, Isabel K.
name: Bartlow, Andrew W.
name: Romero-Severson, Ethan
name: Manore, Carrie A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5: Table S5. Descriptions of temperature-dependent functions fitted to the raw data and AICc values.
Chancen und Herausforderungen im Zusammenspiel von Forschungsdatenmanagement und Forschungsinformationssystemen
Creators: name: Hauck, Reingis
name: Broll, Sandra
Publisher: name: Hannover : Institutionelles Repositorium der Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: FDM
subject: Forschungsdaten
subject: FIS
subject: Forschungsinformationssystem
subject: Workflow
subject: Repositorium
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::000 | Allgemeines, Wissenschaft::020 | Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft

description: Erfolgreiches Forschungsdatenmanagement (FDM) hängt im großen Maße von der Bereitstellung der entsprechenden IT-Infrastruktur ab, die Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler im Forschungsprozess angemessen unterstützt. Hierbei ist nicht nur auf technische Aspekte zu achten sondern auch auf wissenschaftsfreundliche Workflows, die darauf Rücksicht nehmen, dass eine Vielfalt von IT-Systemen im Alltag des Hochschullebens zu bedienen ist (Simons et al. 2016). Im Folgenden sollen die Chancen und Herausforderungen im Zusammenspiel von Volltextrepositorium, Datenrepositorium und Forschungsinformationssystem exemplarisch am Beispiel der Leibniz Universität Hannover (LUH) beleuchtet werden. Die LUH führt zurzeit ein Forschungsinformationssystem (Pure) ein, das Informationen zu den Forschungsaktivitäten ihrer Mitglieder zusammenführt. Diese sogenannten Forschungsinformationen umfassen neben Metadaten zu (Text-)Publikationen und Projekten auch Metadaten zu publizierten Forschungsdatensätzen. Parallel zur Einführung des Forschungsinformationssystems wurde der Aufbau eines institutionellen Volltextrepositoriums umgesetzt. Im Sommer 2016 wurde der Aufbau eines institutionellen Forschungsdatenrepositoriums als Teil des institutionellen Konzepts zum Forschungsdatenmanagement an der LUH beschlossen. In diesem Zusammenhang wird die Frage der Schnittstelle zwischen Daten- und Volltextrepositorium sowie zum Forschungsinformationssystem im Hinblick auf wissenschaftsfreundliche Workflows aufgegriffen. Die Datenpublikation soll nicht als weiterer administrativer Overhead von Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftlern verbucht werden müssen. Neben dem Primat der Eingabefreundlichkeit gilt, dass Forschungsinformationssysteme per definitionem das zentrale Berichtstool für das Forschungsmanagement darstellen. Auf institutioneller Ebene besteht das Interesse, das tatsächliche Verhalten hinsichtlich des Forschungsdatenmanagements mit Zahlen zu hinterlegen, u.a. zu Art und Umfang der Daten und Anzahl der Datenpublikationen. Eine ganzheitliche Systemarchitektur erfordert, sich entwickelnde Anforderungen mitzudenken. Der Blick nach Großbritannien kann hier weiterhelfen: Sowohl hinsichtlich der Umsetzung von Datenmanagementkonzepten als auch in der Nutzung von Forschungsinformationssystemen besteht dort ein erheblicher Erfahrungsvorsprung, der zu nutzen gilt.
Probing the large scale structure using gravitational-wave observations of binary black holes
Creators: name: Vijaykumar, Aditya
name: Saketh, M. V. S.
name: Kumar, Sumit
name: Ajith, Parameswaran
name: Choudhury, Tirthankar Roy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Third generation gravitational-wave (GW) detectors are expected to detect a large number of binary black holes (BBHs) to large redshifts, opening up an independent probe of the large scale structure using their clustering. This probe will be complementary to the probes using galaxy clustering -- GW events could be observed up to very large redshifts ($z \sim 10$) although the source localization will be much poorer at large distances ($\sim$ tens of square degrees). We explore the possibility of probing the large scale structure from the spatial distribution of the observed BBH population, using their two-point (auto)correlation function. We find that we can estimate the bias factor of population of BBH (up to $z \sim 0.7$) with a few years of observations with these detectors. Our method relies solely on the source-location posteriors obtained from the GW events and does not require any information from electromagnetic observations. This will help in identifying the type of galaxies that host the BBH population, thus shedding light on their origins.
description: Accepted version in Phys. Rev. D
Non-cuttable material created through local resonance and strain rate effects
Creators: name: Szyniszewski, Stefan
name: Vogel, Rene
name: Bittner, Florian
name: Jakubczyk, Ewa
name: Anderson, Miranda
name: Pelacci, Manuel
name: Chinedu, Ajoku
name: Endres, Hans-Josef
name: Hipke, Thomas
Publisher: name: London : Macmillan
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: spheres
subject: vibrations
subject: resonance
subject: magnitude
subject: metal
subject: structure
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik

description: We have created a new architected material, which is both highly deformable and ultra‐resistant to dynamic point loads. The bio-inspired metallic cellular structure (with an internal grid of large ceramic segments) is non-cuttable by an angle grinder and a power drill, and it has only 15% steel density. Our architecture derives its extreme hardness from the local resonance between the embedded ceramics in a flexible cellular matrix and the attacking tool, which produces high-frequency vibrations at the interface. The incomplete consolidation of the ceramic grains during the manufacturing also promoted fragmentation of the ceramic spheres into micron-size particulate matter, which provided an abrasive interface with increasing resistance at higher loading rates. The contrast between the ceramic segments and cellular material was also effective against a waterjet cutter because the convex geometry of the ceramic spheres widened the waterjet and reduced its velocity by two orders of magnitude. Shifting the design paradigm from static resistance to dynamic interactions between the material phases and the applied load could inspire novel, metamorphic materials with pre-programmed mechanisms across different length scales. © 2020, The Author(s).
Transverse optical instability patterns in semiconductor microcavities: polariton scattering and low-intensity all-optical switching
Creators: name: Luk, M. H.
name: Tse, Y. C.
name: Kwong, N. H.
name: Leung, P. T.
name: Lewandowski, Przemslaw
name: Binder, R.
name: Schumacher, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed theoretical study of transverse exciton-polariton patterns in semiconductor quantum-well microcavities. These patterns are initiated by directional instabilities in the uniform pump-generated polariton field and are measured as optical patterns in a transverse plane in the far field. Based on a microscopic many-particle theory, we investigate the spatio-temporal dynamics of the formation, selection, and optical control of these patterns. An emphasis is placed on a previously proposed low-intensity, all-optical switching scheme designed to exploit these instability-driven patterns. Simulations and detailed analyses of simplified and more physically transparent models are used. Two aspects are studied in detail. First we study the dependencies of the stability behaviors of various patterns, as well as transition time scales, on parameters relevant to the switching action(the degree of built-in azimuthal anisotropy in the system and the switching beam intensity). It is found that if the parameters are varied, the pattern system undergoes abrupt transitions at threshold parameter values which are accompanied by multiple-stability and hysteresis behaviors. Moreover, during a real-time switching action, the transient dynamics of the system may depend significantly on the proximity of unstable patterns. The second aspect is a classification and detailed analysis of the polariton scattering processes contributing to the pattern dynamics, giving us an understanding of the selection and control of patterns as results of these processes' intricate interplay. The crucial role played by the relative phases of the polariton field in determining the gains or losses of polariton densities in various momentum modes is highlighted, and interpretation of the actions of the various processes in terms of concepts commonly used in classical pattern-forming systems is given.
description: 56 pages (preprint), 19 figures
title: Hardening cutting tools of pulsed magnetic treatment
Creators: name: Orlov, A.S.
name: Poletaev, V.A.
Publisher: name: Scientific Research Centre "MachineStructure"
Year: 2019

description: The scheme of a pulsed magnetic installation for hardening of parts and cutting tools is presented. The principle of operation of its main components is considered and the main technical characteristics are given. The results of the processing of drills pulsed magnetic treatment.
SPARCQ: A new approach for fat fraction mapping using asymmetries in the phase-cycled bSSFP signal profile
Creators: name: Rossi, Giulia MC
name: Mackowiak, Adele LC
name: Hilbert, Tom
name: Acikgoz, Berk C
name: Pierzchała, Katarzyna
name: Kober, Tobias
name: Bastiaansen, Jessica AM
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Purpose: To develop SPARCQ (Signal Profile Asymmetries for Rapid Compartment Quantification), a novel approach to quantify fat fraction using asymmetries in the phase-cycled bSSFP profile. Methods: SPARCQ uses phase-cycling to obtain bSSFP frequency profiles, which display asymmetries in the presence of fat and water at certain repetition times. For each voxel, the measured signal profile is decomposed into a weighted sum of simulated profiles via multi-compartment dictionary matching. Each dictionary entry represents a single-compartment bSSFP profile with a specific off-resonance frequency and relaxation time ratio. Using the results of dictionary matching, the fractions of the different off-resonance components are extracted for each voxel, generating quantitative maps of water and fat fraction and banding-artifact-free images for the entire image volume. SPARCQ was validated using simulations, experiments in a water-fat phantom and in knees of healthy volunteers. Experimental results were compared with reference proton density fat fractions obtained with 1H-MRS (phantoms) and with multiecho gradient-echo MRI (phantoms and volunteers). SPARCQ repeatability was evaluated in six scan-rescan experiments. Results: Simulations showed that fat fraction quantification is accurate and robust for signal-to-noise ratios greater than 20. Phantom experiments demonstrated good agreement between SPARCQ and gold standard fat fractions. In volunteers, banding-artifact-free quantitative maps and water-fat-separated images obtained with SPARCQ and ME-GRE demonstrated the expected contrast between fatty and non-fatty tissues. The coefficient of repeatability of SPARCQ fat fraction was 0.0512. Conclusion: SPARCQ demonstrates potential for fat quantification using asymmetries in bSSFP profiles, and may be a promising alternative to conventional fat fraction quantification techniques.
description: 30 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
Numerical solution of Dyson Brownian motion and a sampling scheme for invariant matrix ensembles
Creators: name: Li, Xingjie Helen
name: Menon, Govind
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60B20, 65R20

description: The Dyson Brownian Motion (DBM) describes the stochastic evolution of $N$ points on the line driven by an applied potential, a Coulombic repulsion and identical, independent Brownian forcing at each point. We use an explicit tamed Euler scheme to numerically solve the Dyson Brownian motion and sample the equilibrium measure for non-quadratic potentials. The Coulomb repulsion is too singular for the SDE to satisfy the hypotheses of rigorous convergence proofs for tamed Euler schemes. Nevertheless, in practice the scheme is observed to be stable for time steps of O(1/N^2) and to relax exponentially fast to the equilibrium measure with a rate constant of O(1) independent of $N$. Further, this convergence rate appears to improve with $N$ in accordance with O(1/N) relaxation of local statistics of the Dyson Brownian motion. This allows us to use the Dyson Brownian motion to sample $N\times N$ Hermitian matrices from the invariant ensembles. The computational cost of generating $M$ independent samples is O(MN^4) with a naive scheme, and O(MN^3\log N) when a fast multipole method is used to evaluate the Coulomb interaction.
description: 11 pages; 6 Figures
title: Отыменные фамилии с суффиксом -ук/-чук на польско-белорусском пограничье в 1891–1900 гг. (на материале метрических записей православного прихода в Райске)
Creators: name: Мордань, Михаил
Publisher: name: Новгородский печатный двор
Year: 2019

description: В статье рассматриваются отыменные фамилии на -ук/-чук, засвидетельствованные в метрических записях в православном приходе в Райске в 1891–1900 гг. Анализ фамильных единиц проводится с учетом словообразовательных, этимологических и языковых особенностей.
Uniform limits of $\mathcal B_1^{**}$-functions
Creators: name: Sworowski, Piotr
name: Sieg, Waldemar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26A15, 26A21

description: We characterise the class of uniform limits of functions from Pawlak's class $\mathcal B_1^{**}$. The resulting class $u\mathscr S_1$, which contains functions with the oscillation rank one, is discussed in connection with its linear span. We apply a general, topological space, setting in our discussion.
description: 6 pages
title: Женский именник детей из национально-смешанных семей с участием татар (на примере Алматы)
Creators: name: Назаров, Алоис
Publisher: name: Новгородский печатный двор
Year: 2019

description: В статье рассматривается женский именник детей, родившихся в 2005–2006 гг., в национально-смешанных семьях. Выявлены его состав, частоты имён, параллели со словарем татарских имён, сходства и различия наиболее употребительных имен из именников славян и казахов Алматы, татар Казани.
Magnetic Correlations in Short and Narrow Graphene Armchair Nanoribbons
Creators: name: Golor, Michael
name: Koop, Cornelie
name: Lang, Thomas C.
name: Wessel, Stefan
name: Schmidt, Manuel J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electronic states at the ends of a narrow armchair nanoribbon give rise to a pair of non-locally entangled spins. We propose two experiments to probe these magnetic states, based on magnetometry and tunneling spectroscopy, in which correlation effects lead to a striking, nonlinear response to external magnetic fields. On the basis of low-energy theories that we derive here, it is remarkably simple to assess these nonlinear signatures for magnetic edge states. The effective theories are especially suitable in parameter regimes where other methods such as quantum Monte-Carlo simulations are exceedingly difficult due to exponentially small energy scales. The armchair ribbon setup discussed here provides a promisingly well-controlled (both experimentally and theoretically) environment for studying the principles behind edge magnetism in graphene-based nano-structures.
Additional file 1 of Pneumatic vitreolysis versus vitrectomy for the treatment of vitreomacular traction syndrome and macular holes: complication analysis and systematic review with meta-analysis of functional outcomes
Creators: name: Quiroz-Reyes, Miguel A.
name: Quiroz-Gonzalez, Erick A.
name: Quiroz-Gonzalez, Miguel A.
name: Lima-Gomez, Virgilio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Literature search strategy.
Matrix-valued Boltzmann equation for the non-integrable Hubbard chain
Creators: name: Fürst, Martin L. R.
name: Mendl, Christian B.
name: Spohn, Herbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The standard Fermi-Hubbard chain becomes non-integrable by adding to the nearest neighbor hopping additional longer range hopping amplitudes. We assume that the quartic interaction is weak and investigate numerically the dynamics of the chain on the level of the Boltzmann type kinetic equation. Only the spatially homogeneous case is considered. We observe that the huge degeneracy of stationary states in case of nearest neighbor hopping is lost and the convergence to the thermal Fermi-Dirac distribution is restored. The convergence to equilibrium is exponentially fast. However for small n.n.n. hopping amplitudes one has a rapid relaxation towards the manifold of quasi-stationary states and slow relaxation to the final equilibrium state.
description: 9 figures
Removahedral congruences versus permutree congruences
Creators: name: Albertin, Doriann
name: Pilaud, Vincent
name: Ritter, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52B11, 52B12, 03G10, 06B10

description: The associahedron is classically constructed as a removahedron, i.e. by deleting inequalities in the facet description of the permutahedron. This removahedral construction extends to all permutreehedra (which interpolate between the permutahedron, the associahedron and the cube). Here, we investigate removahedra constructions for all quotientopes (which realize the lattice quotients of the weak order). On the one hand, we observe that the permutree fans are the only quotient fans realized by a removahedron. On the other hand, we show that any permutree fan can be realized by a removahedron constructed from any realization of the braid fan. Our results finally lead to a complete description of the type cone of the permutree fans.
description: 26 pages, 12 figures; Version 2: minor corrections
Contrast-enhanced nano-CT reveals soft dental tissues and cellular layers
Creators: name: Hildebrand, T.
name: Nogueira, L.
name: Sunde, P.T.
name: Ørstavik, D.
name: Glasmacher, B.
name: Haugen, H.J.
Publisher: name: Oxford [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cementum
subject: contrast-enhanced nano-CT
subject: dentin tubule
subject: nano-CT
subject: odontoblast
subject: adult
subject: dentin
subject: diagnostic imaging
subject: human
subject: tooth pulp
subject: Adult
subject: Dental Pulp
subject: Dentin
subject: Humans
subject: Odontoblasts
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: Aim: To introduce a methodology designed to simultaneously visualize dental ultrastructures, including cellular and soft tissue components, by utilizing phosphotungstic acid (PTA) as a contrast-enhancement agent. Methodology: Sound third molars were collected from healthy human adults and fixed in 4% buffered paraformaldehyde. To evaluate the impact of PTA in concentrations of 0.3%, 0.7% and 1% on dental soft and hard tissues for CT imaging, cementum and dentine-pulp sections were cut, dehydrated and stained with immersion periods of 12, 24 h, 2 days or 5 days. The samples were scanned in a high-resolution nano-CT device using pixel sizes down to 0.5 µm to examine both the cementum and pulpal regions. Results: Dental cementum and periodontium as well as odontoblasts and predentine were made visible through PTA staining in high-resolution three-dimensional nano-CT scans. Different segments of the tooth required different staining protocols. The thickness of the cementum could be computed over the length of the tooth once it was made visible by the PTA-enhanced contrast, and the attached soft tissue components of the interior of the tooth could be shown on the dentine-pulp interface in greater detail. Three-dimensional illustrations allowed a histology-like visualization of the sections in all orientations with a single scan and easy sample preparation. The segmentation of the sigmoidal dentinal tubules and the surrounding dentine allowed a three-dimensional investigation and quantitative of the dentine composition, such as the tubular lumen or the ratio of the tubular lumen area to the dentinal surface. Conclusion: The staining protocol made it possible to visualize hard tissues along with cellular layers and soft tissues in teeth using a laboratory-based nano-CT technique. The protocol depended on both tissue type and size. This methodology offers enhanced possibilities for the concomitant visualization of soft and hard dental tissues. © 2021 The Authors. International Endodontic Journal published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Endodontic Society
The Kuranishi map for vector bundles on certain products of curves
Creators: name: Ballico, Edoardo
name: Gasparim, Elizabeth
name: Rubilar, Francisco
name: Suzuki, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We describe deformations of vector bundles on surfaces that are a product of two smooth projective curves. We explicitly describe the Kuranishi map around unstable vector bundles and compare the homologies of the Kuranishi spaces of stable and unstable deformations.
description: The previous version was written in the language of stacks. All references to stacks have been prohibited by the referee in the final version
Shard polytopes
Creators: name: Padrol, Arnau
name: Pilaud, Vincent
name: Ritter, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52B11, 52B12, 03G10, 06B10

description: For any lattice congruence of the weak order on permutations, N. Reading proved that gluing together the cones of the braid fan that belong to the same congruence class defines a complete fan, called a quotient fan, and V. Pilaud and F. Santos showed that it is the normal fan of a polytope, called a quotientope. In this paper, we provide a simpler approach to realize quotient fans based on Minkowski sums of elementary polytopes, called shard polytopes, which have remarkable combinatorial and geometric properties. In contrast to the original construction of quotientopes, this Minkowski sum approach extends to type $B$.
description: 73 pages, 35 figures; Version 2: minor corrections for final version
Slice-torus link invariants, combinatorial invariants, and positivity conditions
Creators: name: Collari, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57K10

description: We prove some necessary conditions for a link to be either concordant to a quasi-positive link, quasi-positive, positive, or the closure of a positive braid. The main applications of our results are a characterisation of positive links with unlinking number $1$ and $2$, and a combinatorial criterion to test if a positive link is the closure of a positive braid. Finally, we compile a table of all positive and positive-braid prime links with less than $8$ crossings.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures, 1 Table. Some small aesthetic changes, small typos fixed, and exposition improved. Added table of positive and braid-positive links with less than 8 crossings. Accepted by the Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society. Comments are welcome!
Distributionally Robust Markov Decision Processes and their Connection to Risk Measures
Creators: name: Bäuerle, Nicole
name: Glauner, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Risk Management (q-fin.RM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 90C40 (Primary) 90C17, 91G70 (Secondary)

description: We consider robust Markov Decision Processes with Borel state and action spaces, unbounded cost and finite time horizon. Our formulation leads to a Stackelberg game against nature. Under integrability, continuity and compactness assumptions we derive a robust cost iteration for a fixed policy of the decision maker and a value iteration for the robust optimization problem. Moreover, we show the existence of deterministic optimal policies for both players. This is in contrast to classical zero-sum games. In case the state space is the real line we show under some convexity assumptions that the interchange of supremum and infimum is possible with the help of Sion's minimax Theorem. Further, we consider the problem with special ambiguity sets. In particular we are able to derive some cases where the robust optimization problem coincides with the minimization of a coherent risk measure. In the final section we discuss two applications: A robust LQ problem and a robust problem for managing regenerative energy.
Additional file 1 of Bioactivity of human adult stem cells and functional relevance of stem cell-derived extracellular matrix in chondrogenesis
Creators: name: Jiang, Yangzi
name: Tuan, Rocky S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Materials and Result. Table S1: Primer sequences for real-time RT-PCR. Fig. S1: Western blot results of Fibronectin under non-reducing condition. Fig. S2: Uncropped full-length gels and blot results of fibronectin under reducing condition. Fig. S3: Uncropped full-length gels and blot results of COL1 under reducing condition. Fig. S4: Uncropped full-length gels and blot results of COL3A1 under reducing condition.
Determination of the strong coupling from hadronic tau decays using renormalization group summed perturbation theory
Creators: name: Abbas, Gauhar
name: Ananthanarayan, B.
name: Caprini, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the strong coupling constant α_s from the τhadroni width using a renormalization group summed (RGS) expansion of the QCD Adler function. The main theoretical uncertainty in the extraction of α_s is due to the manner in which renormalization group invariance is implemented, and the as yet uncalculated higher order terms in the QCD perturbative series. We show that new expansion exhibits good renormalization group improvement and the behaviour of the series is similar to that of the standard CIPT expansion. The value of the strong coupling in {\bar{\rm MS}} scheme obtained with the RGS expansion is α_s(M_τ^2)= 0.338 \pm 0.010. The convergence properties of the new expansion can be improved by Borel transformation and analytic continuation in the Borel plane. This is discussed elsewhere in these proceedings.
description: Contribution to the proceedings of the workshop "Determination of the Fundamental Parameters of QCD", Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 18-22 March 2013, to be published in Mod. Phys. Lett. A, version 2 contains an extra footnote and a reference compared to version 1
On the mini-superambitwistor space and N = 8 super-Yang-Mills theory
Creators: name: Sämann, C.
Publisher: name: New York, NY : Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: N = 8 super-Yang-Mills equation
subject: Penrose-Ward transform
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: We construct a new supertwistor space suited for establishing a Penrose-Ward transform between certain bundles over this space and solutions to the N = 8 super-Yang-Mills equations in three dimensions. This mini-superambitwistor space is obtained by dimensional reduction of the superambitwistor space, the standard superextension of the ambitwistor space. We discuss in detail the construction of this space and its geometry before presenting the Penrose-Ward transform. We also comment on a further such transform for purely bosonic Yang-Mills-Higgs theory in three dimensions by considering third-order formal "subneighborhoods" of a miniambitwistor space. Copyright © 2009 Christian Sämann.
Production of quantum degenerate strontium gases: Larger, better, faster, colder
Creators: name: Stellmer, Simon
name: Grimm, Rudolf
name: Schreck, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on an improved scheme to generate Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) and degenerate Fermi gases of strontium. This scheme allows us to create quantum gases with higher atom number, a shorter time of the experimental cycle, or deeper quantum degeneracy than before. We create a BEC of 84-Sr exceeding 10^7 atoms, which is a 30-fold improvement over previously reported experiments. We increase the atom number of 86-Sr BECs to 2.5x10^4 (a fivefold improvement), and refine the generation of attractively interacting 88-Sr BECs. We present a scheme to generate 84-Sr BECs with a cycle time of 2s, which, to the best of our knowledge, is the shortest cycle time of BEC experiments ever reported. We create deeply-degenerate 87-Sr Fermi gases with T/T_F as low as 0.10(1), where the number of populated nuclear spin states can be set to any value between one and ten. Furthermore, we report on a total of five different double-degenerate Bose-Bose and Bose-Fermi mixtures. These studies prepare an excellent starting point for applications of strontium quantum gases anticipated in the near future.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures, title music by Daft Punk
Additional file 2 of Pneumatic vitreolysis versus vitrectomy for the treatment of vitreomacular traction syndrome and macular holes: complication analysis and systematic review with meta-analysis of functional outcomes
Creators: name: Quiroz-Reyes, Miguel A.
name: Quiroz-Gonzalez, Erick A.
name: Quiroz-Gonzalez, Miguel A.
name: Lima-Gomez, Virgilio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Modified Downs and Black checklists to assess the quality of the included studies.
Alkohol und Eugenik : Ein Versuch über Gerhart Hauptmanns künstlerisches Selbstverständnis
Creators: name: Tempel, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Dresden : Thelem
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Hauptmann, Gerhart
subject: Alkohol
subject: Eugenik
subject: Euthanasie
subject: Nationalsozialismus
subject: Künstlertum
subject: Ploetz, Alfred
subject: Hauptmann, Gerhart
subject: Alkoholkonsum
subject: Eugenik
subject: Euthanasie
subject: Künstler
subject: Ploetz, Alfred
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::800 | Literatur, Rhetorik, Literaturwissenschaft::830 | Deutsche Literatur

description: Mit dem Skandal um die Uraufführung des sozialen Dramas 'Vor Sonnenaufgang' (1889) wird der junge Autor Gerhart Hauptmann schlagartig berühmt. Ein zentrales Motiv des Stücks überfordert das zeitgenössische Publikum: die erblichen Folgen des Alkoholkonsums. Die vorliegende Studie spannt einen weiten Bogen von den naturalistischen Anfängen des schlesischen Dichters bis zu seinem Spätwerk, insbesondere dem 'Märchen' (1941). Die Untersuchung des Alkoholmotivs in seinem Werk und Leben – mit einem umfangreichen biographischen Kapitel – erweist sich als aufschlußreich für das künstlerische Selbstverständnis Hauptmanns, der nur vorübergehend in den Bann der Abstinenzbewegung geriet, sich bald als inspiriertes Medium begriff und dem Alkohol kreativitätsfördernde Wirkung zuschrieb. Die Auseinandersetzung mit der Eugenik, personifiziert in seinem Freund Alfred Ploetz, wird zu einem Lebensthema Hauptmanns. Da der Dichter sich durch die Eugeniker, die durchweg Alkoholgegner waren, in seiner künstlerischen Identität bedroht sah, kommt er zu einer Kritik von Eugenik, Rassenhygiene und NS-'Euthanasie', die nicht primär moralisch, sondern in seinem künstlerischen Selbstverständnis begründet ist.
title: A Capacitance Wavestaff and Measurements of Wave Height Decay in the Surf Zone
Creators: name: Timpy, David L.
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 1982

description: A wavestaff system utilizing capacitance was developed to measure wave heights in the surf zone. Data were used to test the assumption that wave height decays linearly across the surf zone. The instrument system consisted of two wavestaffs and housing which contained the needed electronic circuits and a data recorder. Acceptable frequency response for waves of period greater than two seconds could not be obtained if sensor wires were greater than 0.35 mm in diameter. The size used was 0.35 mm.
JEAI TANIT - Présentation
Creators: name: Aounallah-Skhiri, Hajer
name: Traissac, Pierre
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: "JEAI TANIT - Présentation" Présentation de Hajer Aounallah-Skhiri et Pierre Traissac lors du séminaire de lancement de la JEAI TANIT - 9 juin 2022, Hôtel Mechtel, Tunis, Tunisie
Crocus albiflorus Kit.
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: C. albiflorus Kit. (C. vernus [L.] Wulfen) Cat. 342. Bis 2400 m: Grande Chermontane im Val de Bagnes (J.). Eine Form mit hell-zitronengelbem Perigon: Matt ob Saas-Balen, etwa 1800 m, ein ganzer Bestand (HIRSCHMANN1950).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
The reliability of approximate radiation transport methods for irradiated disk studies
Creators: name: Kuiper, Rolf
name: Klessen, Ralf S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: Dynamical studies of irradiated circumstellar disks require an accurate treatment of radiation transport to, for example, properly determine cooling and fragmentation properties. The radiation transport algorithm should be as fast as the (magneto-) hydrodynamics to allow for an efficient usage of computing resources. Methods: We use a setup of a central star and a slightly flared circumstellar disk. We perform simulations for a wide range of optical depths of the disk's midplane from tau(550nm) = 0.1 up to tau(810nm) = 1 million. We check the accuracy of the gray flux-limited diffusion (FLD) approximation and a gray and frequency-dependent ray-tracing plus FLD approximation. Results: 1. For moderate optical depths, a gray approximation of the stellar irradiation yields a slightly hotter inner rim and a slightly cooler midplane of the disk at larger radii, but is otherwise in agreement with the frequency-dependent treatment. 2. The gray FLD approximation fails to compute an appropriate temperature profile in all regimes of optical depth; the maximum deviations to the comparison runs are 50 percent in the optically thin and up to 280 percent in the optically thick limit. For low optical depth, the isotropic assumption within the FLD method yields a too steep decrease of the radial temperature slope. For higher optical depths, the FLD approximation does not reproduce the shadow behind the optically thick inner rim of the circumstellar disk, yielding artificial heating at larger disk radii. 3. The frequency-dependent RT + gray FLD approximation yields remarkable accuracy for the whole range of optical depths. Conclusions: The high accuracy of the frequency-dependent hybrid radiation transport algorithm makes this method ideally suited for (magneto-) hydrodynamical studies of irradiated circumstellar disks.
description: 8 pages, accepted for publication at A&A; abstract is highly abbreviated
title: A Study of Increased Flow Off the Eastern Seaboard of the United States Within Four Synoptic Flow Patterns During the Winter Months
Creators: name: Liechty, John Dale
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 1983

description: A study of increased winds during the winter season off the United States Eastern Seaboard was made in each of four synoptic flow patterns: prefrontal; postfrontal; northeast; and southerly. Eight years of synoptic data for the months October through March from two pairs of stations were utilized. Each pair consisted of one land and one sea station; of the sea stations, Frying Pan Light was located in or near the warmer water of the Gulf Stream while Chesapeake Light was situated in colder, coastal water. Both land stations were situated in the vicinity of the coast.

A statistical analysis was made of the following data: mean monthly frequency of occurrences; mean monthly duration of occurrences; mean monthly sea surface temperatures; mean monthly air-sea temperature differences; mean monthly maximum wind speeds; mean monthly sea-land wind speed differences; percentage breakdown in categories of the mean monthly maximum wind speeds; and the absolute maximum and mean monthly durations of mean maximum wind speed categories.

The results of the data analysis indicated that, in general, wind speeds and the durations of the occurrences were greater at Wilmington/Frying Pan Light, where the water temperature was warmer, than at Norfolk/Chesapeake Light.
On the reliability of photometric and spectroscopic tracers of halo relaxation
Creators: name: Haghighi, Mohammad H. Zhoolideh
name: Raouf, Mojtaba
name: Khosroshahi, Habib. G.
name: Farhang, Amin
name: Gozaliasl, Ghassem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We characterize the relaxation state of galaxy systems by providing an assessment of the reliability of the photometric and spectroscopic probe via the semi-analytic galaxy evolution model. We quantify the correlations between the dynamical age of simulated galaxy groups and popular proxies of halo relaxation in observation, which are mainly either spectroscopic or photometric. We find the photometric indicators demonstrate a stronger correlation with the dynamical relaxation of galaxy groups compared to the spectroscopic probes. We take advantage of the Anderson Darling statistic ($A^2$) and the velocity-segregation ($\bar{ΔV}$) as our spectroscopic indicators, and use the luminosity gap ($Δm_{12}$) and the luminosity de-centring ($D_{\mathrm{off-set}}$) as photometric ones. Firstly, we find that a combination of $Δm_{12}$ and $D_{\mathrm{off-set}}$ evaluated by a bivariant relation ($\mathrm{B} = 0.04 \times Δm_{12} - 0.11 \times Log(D_{off-set}) + 0.28$), shows a good correlation with the dynamical age compared to all other indicators. Secondly, by using the observational X-ray surface brightness map, we show that the bivariant relation brings about some acceptable correlations with X-ray proxies. These correlations are as well as the correlations between $A^2$ and X-ray proxies, offering reliable yet fast and economical method of quantifying the relaxation of galaxy systems. This study demonstrates that using photometric data to determine the relaxation status of a group will lead to some promising results that are comparable with the more expensive spectroscopic counterpart.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomical Journal (ApJ)