Phytobia cacaulandia Sousa & Couri, 2017, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Sousa, Viviane Rodrigues de
name: Couri, Márcia Souto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Agromyzidae
Phytobia
Phytobia cacaulandia

description: Phytobia cacaulandia sp. nov.   
http://zoobank.org/ 8735B5B8-050E-44CA-A4DD-9C23C0A6C688  
Figs 1, 6, 27, 39–41  
Type material. Holotype ♂: BRASIL, RO [Rondônia]: Cacaulândia. Cachoeira do Jamari. 10°13’26.8”S, 63°13’49.0”W – 131m. 22.v.2012. Sousa, V. R. col. [MZUSP] (Fig. 1).  
Description. Male. Body length 3.3 mm; wing length 2.9 mm (Fig. 6).  
Female. Unknown.  
Color. Frons mat black; fronto-orbital plate and ocellar triangle weakly shining black; upper dark orbit touching ovt and ivt; lunule yellowish-silvery; face greyish-brown; clypeus shiny black; gena dark brown; antenna entirely dark brown; arista and palpus brown; proboscis brownish-yellow; labellum brownish-yellow, with light setae; scutum mat black, with yellow area before scutellum, forming one short band divided by narrow yellow stripe (Fig. 27); scutellum light yellow; postpronotum, notopleuron, and anepimeron light yellow; anepisternum light yellow, brown in lower part; katepimeron light yellow; katepisternum brown with upper part light yellow; meron brown; haltere entirely yellow; calypters light yellow, with margin and fringe black; wing slightly infuscate with brown area above Sc and in cup cell; legs brown with fore and mid knees brownish-yellow; pulvilli yellow; abdomen yellow, with brown median stripe on tergites 5 and 6; terminalia dark brown.  
Head. Frons not visible above eye margin in lateral profile; 2 reclinate ors and 2 inclined inwards ori, similar in size; orbital setulae slightly reclinate, in one row; facial keel not differenciated; eye height/parafacialia+gena: 12; ocellar triangle short, ending to second ors; lunule very high, about 40% of frons length; clypeus rounded; epistoma height 0.04 mm; first flagellomere rounded and finely pubescent; arista long, almost same vertical height of eye, finely pubescent; vibrissa strong, measuring 2/3 of aristal length.  
 Thorax. Acr in seven irregular rows; prsc absent; 1+3 dc, third longer and stronger than others; 2 npl, similar in size. Wings. Wing tip between R 4+5 and M; R 4+5 and M straight; C sections 2–4 in proportion: 0.61: 0.22: 0.16; ultimate section of CuA 1 0.55 length of basal section; r-m distal to midpoint of dm. Legs. Fore tibia with 1 pd; mid tibia with 2 pd on middle third.   
Terminalia. Epandrium rounded, setulose, with long setae; cercus long, large, about 1/3 height of epandrium and with small and thin setae; surstylus short, rounded, with about 11–13 long and strong setae; hypandrium U-shaped; phallapodeme about three times length of hypandrium; basiphallus rounded; distiphallus short (Figs 39, 40); ejaculatory apodeme with lower blade broader than base, broader part about 1.9 times wider than constricted area at base (Fig. 41).  
Distribution. Rondônia (Brazil).  
Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the type locality, Cacaulândia, where the holotype was collected.  
 Remarks. This new species has a singularly infuscated wing with a brown area above Sc and in cup cell. This pattern has not been seen in any other species of Phytobia. The wing of P. lanei Spencer, 1966 is conspicuously spotted and the wing of P. rabelloi Spencer, 1966 is fully infuscated. In addition, P. cacaulandia sp. nov. can also be distinguished from other species in the length of the wing, 2.9 mm (5.1 mm in P. lanei), number of dorsocentrals 1+3 (1+ 4 in P. rabelloi), the shape of the phallus, and the ejaculatory apodeme with lower blade broader than base. This species also has a distinct pd on fore tibia.
description: Published as part of Sousa, Viviane Rodrigues de & Couri, Márcia Souto, 2017, Phytobia (Diptera: Agromyzidae) from Brazil: new species, new record and a key to the Neotropical species, pp. 1-25 in Zoologia (e 12308) (e 12308) 34 on pages 3-5, DOI: 10.3897/zoologia.34.e12308, http://zenodo.org/record/13175379