cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
D3.3 – GreenSCENT platform "Technical architecture and user guide
Creators: name: Manfredi, Angelo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This document reports the top-level architecture of the GreenSCENT web platform. It describes themain components, their interactions, and the features each one offers.Most components are considered as black boxes, so the details of their inner architecture are notdescribed. However, some components are detailed further to highlight the most relevant features ofthe system, such as scalability or performance.The guidelines reported in the deliverable D3.1 (GreenSCENT platform design and integration)which focus on the management of multimedia content related to green deal topics, laid the groundfor the architectural choice of the web platform and the definition of the web interfaces andcomponent/functionality interactions.Furthermore, this document proposes a section specifically designed to guide end-users on how touse the web application. This section describes web interfaces in terms of:• The proposed features (filters, buttons, etc).• How to read the data.• The data required (mandatory/optional) to perform an action.• Any other information useful to help the users to understand the interface.
Dissociating the causal roles of frontal and parietal cortex in working memory capacity [Registered Report Stage 1 - Protocol]
Creators: name: Kiyonaga, Anastasia
name: Scimeca, Jason
name: D’Esposito, Mark
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 179999 Psychology and Cognitive Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Neuroscience

description: ABSTRACT: Working memory (WM) is considered essential to many facets of cognition, yet there is little consensus on the psychological and neural mechanisms that determine its capacity. An extensive body of research has attributed critical roles to frontal and parietal cortex in WM. However, this research has been inconsistent as to the precise roles that these regions play in WM, and whether the roles of each region are dissociable from one another. This registered report will use fMRI, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), and computational modeling to clarify the source(s) of limitations in the quantity and quality of information that can be retained temporarily in mind. We will first use fMRI to localize specific functional regions that are considered critical WM nodes: dorsolateral PFC, superior intraparietal sulcus (IPS), and inferior IPS. We will then use focal TMS to characterize the causal involvement of these target regions in two canonical tests of WM.
Observations of TeV gamma ray flares from Markarian 501 with the Telescope Array Prototype
Creators: name: Telescope Array Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We will report the observations of TeV gamma ray flares from Markarian 501 using Telescope Array Prototype. The observation were carried out continuously from the end of March to the end of July in 1997. The energy spectrum, and the time variation of the gamma ray intensities are shown. The intensity has been changed by the order of magnitude in this period and the possible quasi periodic oscillation of 12.7days were discovered.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
Figure S6 1H NMR of compound Re(CO)3L2 from Synthesis of novel technetium-99 m tricarbonyl-HBED-CC complexes and structural prediction in solution by density functional theory calculation
Creators: name: Shi, Shengyu
name: Yao, Lifeng
name: Li, Linlin
name: Wu, Zehui
name: Zha, Zhihao
name: Kung, Hank F.
name: Zhu, Lin
name: Fang, De-Cai
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019

description: HBED-CC (N,N'-Bis[2-hydroxy-5-(carboxyethyl)benzyl]ethylenediamine-N,N'-diacetic acid, L1) is a common bifunctional chelating agent in preparation of 68Ga-radiopharmaceuticals. Due to its high stability constant for the Ga3+ complex (logKGaL = 38.5) and its acyclic structure, it is well known for a rapid and efficient radiolabelling at ambient temperature with Gallium-68 and its high in vivo stability. [99 mTc][Tc(CO)3(H2O)3]+ is an excellent precursor for radiolabelling of biomolecules. The aim of this study was to develop a novel preparation method of 99 mTc-HBED-CC complexes. In this study, HBED-CC-NI (2,2'-(ethane-1,2-diylbis((2-hydroxy-5-(3-((2-(2-nitro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-3-oxopropyl)benzyl)-azanediyl))-diacetic acid, L2), a derivative of HBED-CC, was designed and synthesized. Both L1 and L2 were radiolabelled by [99 mTc][Tc(CO)3(H2O)3]+ successfully for the first time. In order to explore the coordination mode of metal and chelates, non-radioactive Re(CO)3L1 and Re(CO)3L2 were synthesized and characterized spectroscopically. Tc(CO)3L1 and Tc(CO)3L2 in solution were calculated by density functional theory and were analysed with radio-HPLC chromatograms. It showed that [99 mTc]Tc(CO)3L2 forms two stable diastereomers in solution, which is similar to those of [68Ga]Ga-HBED-CC complexes. Natural bond orbital analysis through the natural population charges revealed a charge transfer between [99 mTc][Tc(CO)3]+ and L1 or L2. The experimental results showed that tricarbonyl technetium might form stable complex with HBED-CC derivatives, which is useful for the future application of using HBED-CC as a bifunctional chelating agent in developing new 99 mTc-radiopharmaceuticals as diagnostic imaging agents.
Reminiscences of A. D. Cooley 1969
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Veterans
Aeronautics, Military
World War, 1939-1945--Naval operations, American
Aviation

description: Enlisted service, 1921-1924; commissioned, 1924; early officer assignments; aviation training, Marine Corps aviation in the 1930s; Guadalcanal; organization of Marine Corps carrier groups in World War II; Director of Aviation, HQMC.
Unraveling complex networks under the prism of dynamical processes: relations between structure and dynamics
Creators: name: Schaub, Michael Thomas
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: We consider relations of structure and dynamics in complex networks. Firstly, a dynamical perspective on the problem of community detection is developed: how to partition a graph into sets of nodes which have stronger relations to each other than to other nodes in the network. We show how several approaches to this problem can be re-interpreted from a dynamical perspective. It is demonstrated how this perspective can circumvent limitations of commonly used, structure based community detection methods such as Modularity or the map-equation, which are prone to over-partition communities of large effective diameter. Secondly, we present graph-theoretical measures to quantify edge-to-edge relations, inspired by the notion of flow redistribution induced by edge failures. We demonstrate how our measures can reveal the dynamical interplay between the edges in a network, including potentially non-local interactions. We showcase the general applicability of our edge-centric measures through analyses of several example systems from different areas. Finally, relations between structure and dynamics are discussed in the context of neural networks. We show how the topology of networks of leaky-integrate-and-fire neurons can be changed such that a “slow-dynamics” arises, in which groups of neurons vary their firing rates coherently, and discuss how this is reflected in spectrum of the network’s coupling matrix. We further consider the problem of detecting cell assemblies, groups of neurons which share a more similar temporal activity pattern when compared to members of other groups, in time series of neural firing events. Using a biophysically inspired pairwise coupling measure we can infer a functional network from the data, and map the task of finding cell assemblies onto a community detection problem, which can be solved within our dynamical framework.
Stripe order and magnetic anisotropy in the $S=1$ antiferromagnet BaMoP$_2$O$_8$
Creators: name: Hembacher, Jan
name: Badrtdinov, Danis I.
name: Ding, Lei
name: Sobczak, Zuzanna
name: Ritter, Clemens
name: Mazurenko, Vladimir V.
name: Tsirlin, Alexander A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic behavior of BaMoP$_2$O$_8$ with the spatially anisotropic triangular arrangement of the $S=1$ Mo$^{4+}$ ions is explored using thermodynamic measurements, neutron diffraction, and density-functional band-structure calculations. A broad maximum in the magnetic susceptibility around 46\,K is followed by the stripe antiferromagnetic order with the propagation vector ${\mathbf k}=(\frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{2})$ formed below $T_N\simeq 21$ K. This stripe phase is triggered by a pronounced one-dimensionality of the spin lattice, where one of the in-plane couplings, $J_2\simeq 4.6$ meV, is much stronger than its $J_1\simeq 0.4$ meV counterpart, and stabilized by the weak easy-axis anisotropy. The ordered moment of 1.42(9) $μ_B$ at 1.5 K is significantly lower than the spin-only moment of 2 $μ_B$ due to a combined effect of quantum fluctuations and spin-orbit coupling.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Apocenter Pile-Up: Origin of the Stellar Halo Density Break
Creators: name: Deason, Alis J.
name: Belokurov, Vasily
name: Koposov, Sergey E.
name: Lancaster, Lachlan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the orbital properties of halo stars using 7-dimensional information provided by Gaia and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. A metal-rich population of stars, present in both local main sequence stars and more distant blue horizontal branch stars, have very radial orbits (eccentricity ~ 0.9) and apocenters that coincide with the stellar halo "break radius" at galactocentric distance r ~ 20 kpc. Previous work has shown that the stellar halo density falls off much more rapidly beyond this break radius. We argue that the correspondence between the apocenters of high metallicity, high eccentricity stars and the broken density profile is caused by the build-up of stars at the apocenter of a common dwarf progenitor. Although the radially biased stars are likely present down to metallicities of [Fe/H] ~ -2 the increasing dominance at higher metallicities suggests a massive dwarf progenitor, which is at least as massive as the Fornax and Sagittarius dwarf galaxies, and is likely the dominant progenitor of the inner stellar halo.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Dynamical response and dimensional crossover for spatially anisotropic antiferromagnets
Creators: name: Dupont, Maxime
name: Capponi, Sylvain
name: Laflorencie, Nicolas
name: Orignac, Edmond
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theoretically challenging, the understanding of the dynamical response in quantum antiferromagnets is of great interest, in particular for both inelastic neutron scattering (INS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments. In such a context, we theoretically address this question for quasi-one-dimensional quantum magnets, e.g. weakly coupled spin chains for which many compounds are available in Nature. In this class of systems, the dimensional crossover between a three-dimensional ordered regime at low temperature towards one-dimensional physics at higher temperature is a non-trivial issue, notably difficult concerning dynamical properties. Here we present a comprehensive theoretical study based on both analytical calculations (bosonization + random phase and self-consistent harmonic approximations) and numerical simulations (quantum Monte Carlo + stochastic analytic continuation) which allows us to describe the full temperature crossover for the NMR relaxation rate $1/T_1$, from one-dimensional Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid physics to the three-dimensional ordered regime, as a function of inter-chain couplings. The dynamical structure factor, directly probing the INS intensity, is also computed in the different regimes.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures
Novel miniaturised and highly versatile biomechatronic platforms for the characterisation of melanoma cancer cells
Creators: name: Alqabandi, Jassim
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: There has been an increasing demand to acquire highly sensitive devices that are able to detect and characterize cancer at a single cell level. Despite the moderate progress in this field, the majority of approaches failed to reach cell characterization with optimal sensitivity and specificity. Accordingly, in this study highly sensitive, miniaturized-biomechatronic platforms have been modeled, designed, optimized, microfabricated, and characterized, which can be used to detect and differentiate various stages of melanoma cancer cells. The melanoma cell has been chosen as a legitimate cancer model, where electrophysiological and analytical expression of cell-membrane potential have been derived, and cellular contractile force has been obtained through a correlation with micromechanical deflections of a miniaturized cantilever beam. The main objectives of this study are in fourfold: (1) to quantify cell-membrane potential, (2) correlate cellular biophysics to respective contractile force of a cell in association with various stages of the melanoma disease, (3) examine the morphology of each stage of melanoma, and (4) arrive at a relation that would interrelate stage of the disease, cellular contractile force, and cellular electrophysiology based on conducted in vitro experimental findings. Various well-characterized melanoma cancer cell lines, with varying degrees of genetic complexities have been utilized. In this study, two-miniaturized-versatile-biomechatronic platforms have been developed to extract the electrophysiology of cells, and cellular mechanics (mechanobiology). The former platform consists of a microfluidic module, and stimulating and recording array of electrodes patterned on a glass substrate, forming multi-electrode arrays (MEAs), whereas the latter system consists of a microcantilever-based biosensor with an embedded Wheatstone bridge, and a microfluidic module. Furthermore, in support of this work main objectives, dedicated microelectronics together with customized software have been attained to functionalize, and empower the two-biomechatronic platforms. The bio-mechatronic system performance has been tested throughout a sufficient number of in vitro experiments.
Nucleic acid delivery using poly(ethylenimine)-based polymers for programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) knockdown in ovarian cancer to enhance immunotherapy
Creators: name: Teo, Pei Yun
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: Ovarian cancer remains the most lethal gynaecological cancer mainly due to the lack of reliable biomarkers and eventual development of chemo-resistance. This emphasizes the need for better therapies. Ovarian cancer is considered as an immunogenic tumour and adoptive immunotherapy is a promising treatment strategy. However, co-inhibitory molecules such as programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), highly expressed on ovarian cancer cells interacts with its receptor, programmed death-1 (PD-1), expressed on T cells, causing immunosuppression. The aim of this Ph.D. was to 1) develop more efficient and targeted gene delivery agents by functionalizing poly(ethylenimine) (PEI) with various hydrophobic groups and folic acid (FA) targeting ligand, 2) deliver PD-L1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) or short hairpin RNA (shRNA) into ovarian cancer cells to block PD-1/PD-L1 interactions and 3) to study how T cell function and anti-tumour activity are affected as a consequence of PD-L1 knockdown. 4) In addition, detection of soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1), using an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and an Acoustic Membrane MicroParticle (AMMP) technology was also studied for its potential use as a biomarker for ovarian cancer diagnosis. When PEI was functionalized with various hydrophobic functional groups (ethyl, octyl, deodectyl, benzl, phenyl urea) using the established methyl-carboxytrimethylene carbonate (MTC) platform, cytotoxicity was greatly reduced (for PEI, Mn=10 kDa) and gene transfection efficiency was substantially enhanced (Teo et al., 2013, Yang et al., 2013). Hydrophobic modification, however, did not improve siRNA delivery and PEI polymers functionalized with FA targeting groups (FA, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), PEG-FA), were investigated for PD-L1 delivery. FA-functionalized PEI displayed a higher specificity of uptake into ovarian cancer cells. PD-L1 knockdown in ovarian cancer cells using FA-functionalized PEI/PD-L1 siRNA polyplexes rendered tumour cells more susceptible to killing by chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) expressing T cells (Teo et al., 2015). In addition, an in-house ELISA, but not the AMMP platform, successfully detected sPD-L1 in patient plasma which differentiated patients with benign or malignant disease. In conclusion, PD-L1 has tremendous potential as a therapeutic and diagnostic target for ovarian cancer. Furthermore, modified PEI gene delivery agents has been shown to be an effective therapeutic tool in ovarian cancer and its use may be extended to a wide range of diseases which arise due to errant genes.
Additional file 1 of Macrophage-derived exosomal HMGB3 regulates silica-induced pulmonary inflammation by promoting M1 macrophage polarization and recruitment
Creators: name: Qin, Xiaofeng
name: Niu, Zhiyuan
name: Chen, Hui
name: Hu, Yongbin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology

description: Supplementary Material 1
Capture and Escape: The Dependence of Radiation Forces on Clumping in Dusty Envelopes
Creators: name: Jumper, Peter H.
name: Matzner, Christopher D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dust barriers effectively capture the photon momentum of a central light source, but low-density channels, along with re-emission at longer wavelengths, enhance its escape. We use Monte Carlo simulations to study the effects of inhomogeneity on radiation forces imparted to a dust envelope around a central star. We survey the strength and scale of an inhomogeneous perturbation field, as well as the optical depth of its spherical reference state. We run at moderate numerical resolution, relying on our previous resolution study for calibration of the associated error. We find that inhomogeneities matter most when their scale exceeds the characteristic mean free path. As expected, they tend to reduce the net radiation force and extend its range; however, there is significant variance among realizations. Within our models, force integrals correlate with the emergent spectral energy distribution, given a specified set of dust properties. A critical issue is the choice of integral measures of the radiation force: for strong deviations from spherical symmetry the relevant measures assess radial forces relative to the cloud centre of mass. Of these, we find the virial term due to radiation to be the least stochastic of several integral measures in the presence of inhomogeneities.
description: 11 pages, 15 figures, 1 table; Update to MNRAS version with an additional bibliographic correction; comments welcome
title: EJP SOIL Online Submission and Evaluation System and Templates for the Proposal Submission
title: WP3 Internal Calls D3.1
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Adamczyk, Bartosz
name: Stangl, Rosemarie; Minixhofer, Pia
name: Rodríguez, Elena
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: evaluation
SOP
project
funding

description: This document describes the Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) used in EJP SOIL. The SOPs are used to ensure that actions are carried out in the beforehand agreed manner.  They include the roles and responsibilities as well as the processes of preparation, evaluation and monitoring of the internal calls and the research projects, and their reporting.
Hot accretion discs with thermal Comptonisation and advection in luminous black hole sources
Creators: name: Zdziarski, Andrzej A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We solve for the structure of a hot accretion disc with unsaturated thermal Comptonisation of soft photons and with advection, generalizing the classical model of Shapiro et al. The upper limit on the accretion rate due to advection constrains the luminosity to $\simless 0.15 y^{3/5} α^{7/5}$ of the Eddington limit, where $y$ and $α$ are the Compton and viscosity parameters, respectively. The characteristic temperature and Thomson optical depth of the inner flow at accretion rates within an order of magnitude of that upper limit are $\sim 10^9$ K and $\sim 1$, respectively. The resulting spectra are then in close agreement with the X-ray and soft \g-ray spectra from black-hole binaries in the hard state and Seyferts. At low accretion rates, bremsstrahlung becomes the dominant radiative process.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, accepted to M.N.R.A.S. Letters
Directly probing thin film morphology - optoelectronic property relationships in organic and hybrid solar cells
Creators: name: Wood, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: Solution processable organic semiconductors offer a promising route towards low-cost solar photovoltaics. The performance of these devices is critically dependent on the morphology of the thin film active layer and is very sensitive to both the chemical structure and deposition conditions of the materials. In this thesis a range of complementary techniques are used to characterise the morphology, particularly resonant Raman spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy, in addition to analysis of the device performance. By comparing these results we are able to fulfil the aim of this project, which was to elucidate the fundamental relationships between the thin film morphology and photovoltaic performance for a range of organic and hybrid solar cells. For polymer/polymer blends we consider the impacts of nanowire formation, molecular weight, and thermal annealing on the thin film molecular order. By controlling the interactions between the two polymers we are able to increase the charge carrier mobilities by several orders of magnitude, resulting in reduced bimolecular recombination and enhanced device efficiency. For the hybrid polymer/inorganic devices that we consider, we identify an interfacial region of disordered polymer, which can be partly controlled but not fully overcome. We suggest that this represents an intrinsic limitation, which should be addressed by considering alternative routes to interface formation. Donor-acceptor copolymers are an important class of materials showing promising optoelectronic properties for polymer/fullerene solar cells. We consider how various chemical modifications including fluorination, side chain branching, and heavy atom substitution affect the molecular properties and thin film morphology. In particular, we consider the nature of the electronic absorption transitions of diketopyrrolopyrrole-based copolymers and find that the low energy transition is localised on the diketopyrrolopyrrole unit and is very stable to photodegradation, whereas the high energy transition couples more strongly to the donor unit, which is more vulnerable to photooxidation.
A novel EM concentrator with open-concentrator region based on multi-folded transformation optics
Creators: name: Madni, Hamza Ahmad
name: Hussain, Khurram
name: Jiang, Wei Xiang
name: Liu, Shuo
name: Aziz, Asad
name: Iqbal, Shahid
name: Mahboob, Athar
name: Cui, Tie Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Conventional concentrators with inhomogeneous coating materials that fully enclose the destined region pose great challenges for fabrication. In this paper, we propose to design an EM concentrator with homogeneous materials. Distinguished from conventional ones, the elaborately designed EM concentrator features a concentrator region that is open to the outer-world, which is achieved with multi-folded transformation optics method by compressing and folding the coating materials to create window(s). Based on this concept, we also investigate open-rotator and open rotational-concentrator devices, which could simultaneously rotate and store the EM waves in the central destined region. Due to the open nature of our proposed designs, we believe they will find potential applications in remote controlling with impressive new functionalities.
Extended Source Effects in Astrometric Gravitational Microlensing
Creators: name: Mao, Shude
name: Witt, Hans J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extended source size effects have been detected in photometric monitoring of gravitational microlensing events. We study similar effects in the centroid motion of an extended source lensed by a point mass. We show that the centroid motion of a source with uniform surface brightness can be obtained analytically. For a source with circularly symmetric limb-darkening profile, the centroid motion can be expressed as a one-dimensional integral, which can be evaluated numerically. We found that when the impact parameter is comparable to the source radius, the centroid motion is significantly modified by the finite source size. In particular, when the impact parameter is smaller than the source radius, the trajectories become clover-leaf like. Such astrometric motions can be detected using space interferometers such as the Space Interferometry Mission. Such measurements offer exciting possibilities of determining stellar parameters such as stellar radius to excellent accuracy.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Reminiscences of A. S. (Mike) Monroney 1969
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Legislators--United States
Presidents--Election--1960.--United States

description: First impressions of Adlai Stevenson; Speakers Bureau; whistlestop speeches; 1956 battle over vice presidential candidacy; "draft Stevenson" movement 1960; John F. Kennedy; 1960 Democratic Convention; Stevenson's influence on younger politicians and the Democratic Party.
Sub-femtosecond determination of transmission delay times for a dielectric mirror (photonic bandgap) as a function of angle of incidence
Creators: name: Steinberg, Aephraim M.
name: Chiao, Raymond Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a two-photon interference technique, we measure the delay for single-photon wavepackets to be transmitted through a multilayer dielectric mirror, which functions as a ``photonic bandgap'' medium. By varying the angle of incidence, we are able to confirm the behavior predicted by the group delay (stationary phase approximation), including a variation of the delay time from superluminal to subluminal as the band edge is tuned towards to the wavelength of our photons. The agreement with theory is better than 0.5 femtoseconds (less than one quarter of an optical period) except at large angles of incidence. The source of the remaining discrepancy is not yet fully understood.
description: 5 pages and 5 figures
Table S8 calculation detail about coordinates from Synthesis of novel technetium-99 m tricarbonyl-HBED-CC complexes and structural prediction in solution by density functional theory calculation
Creators: name: Shi, Shengyu
name: Yao, Lifeng
name: Li, Linlin
name: Wu, Zehui
name: Zha, Zhihao
name: Kung, Hank F.
name: Zhu, Lin
name: Fang, De-Cai
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019

description: HBED-CC (N,N'-Bis[2-hydroxy-5-(carboxyethyl)benzyl]ethylenediamine-N,N'-diacetic acid, L1) is a common bifunctional chelating agent in preparation of 68Ga-radiopharmaceuticals. Due to its high stability constant for the Ga3+ complex (logKGaL = 38.5) and its acyclic structure, it is well known for a rapid and efficient radiolabelling at ambient temperature with Gallium-68 and its high in vivo stability. [99 mTc][Tc(CO)3(H2O)3]+ is an excellent precursor for radiolabelling of biomolecules. The aim of this study was to develop a novel preparation method of 99 mTc-HBED-CC complexes. In this study, HBED-CC-NI (2,2'-(ethane-1,2-diylbis((2-hydroxy-5-(3-((2-(2-nitro-1H-imidazol-1-yl)ethyl)amino)-3-oxopropyl)benzyl)-azanediyl))-diacetic acid, L2), a derivative of HBED-CC, was designed and synthesized. Both L1 and L2 were radiolabelled by [99 mTc][Tc(CO)3(H2O)3]+ successfully for the first time. In order to explore the coordination mode of metal and chelates, non-radioactive Re(CO)3L1 and Re(CO)3L2 were synthesized and characterized spectroscopically. Tc(CO)3L1 and Tc(CO)3L2 in solution were calculated by density functional theory and were analysed with radio-HPLC chromatograms. It showed that [99 mTc]Tc(CO)3L2 forms two stable diastereomers in solution, which is similar to those of [68Ga]Ga-HBED-CC complexes. Natural bond orbital analysis through the natural population charges revealed a charge transfer between [99 mTc][Tc(CO)3]+ and L1 or L2. The experimental results showed that tricarbonyl technetium might form stable complex with HBED-CC derivatives, which is useful for the future application of using HBED-CC as a bifunctional chelating agent in developing new 99 mTc-radiopharmaceuticals as diagnostic imaging agents.
Peptide aptamer selection for antifungal drug discovery and diagnostics
Creators: name: Grice, Christopher Martin
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: The demand for more effective fungal diagnostics and therapeutics is becoming increasingly urgent with increases in incidence of fungal diseases, antifungal resistance and lack of rapid diagnosis resulting in high mortality rates. The research described in this thesis evaluates the Aspergillus fumigatus pH-signalling receptor PalH (which non-redundantly regulates processing of the transcription factor PacC, and is essential for pathogenicity), as a viable therapeutic target. To assess intracellular modulation of PalH functionality, a novel proof-of-principle library of peptide aptamers (PAs), constrained within an inert thioredoxin A (TrxA) scaffold, was constructed for the expression and isolation of anti-PalH PAs using a S. cerevisiae membrane two-hybrid (YMTH) assay. Three PAs demonstrating significant binding to PalH were recovered. In parallel, peptide antigens representing the four PalH surface exposed regions, were synthesised to permit the generation of murine monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to PalH. Both anti-PalH PAs and anti-PalH mAbs were found to modulate PalH functionality towards a gain-of-function alkaline-mimicking phenotype. These findings demonstrate that therapeutic modalities having the ability to modulate PalH functionality, are accessible by such means and availability of such reagents can assist further characterisation of PalH mode of action. To gain insight into a proposed role for PalH oligomersation in pH signalling and pathogenicity, co-immunoprecipitation of differentially tagged PalH variants derived from A. nidulans diploid analysis, confirmed constitutive presence of an oligomer regardless of environmental pH. Finally, the YMTH assay was further exploited to isolate novel interactors of PalH which could serve as alternative therapeutic targets. The proteins CipC (antibiotic response-like protein), COMPASS complex subunit Sdc1, and a hypothetical protein, were isolated as PalH-interacting moieties impacting pH-dependent activities in A. fumigatus.
Additional file 1 of Economic evaluation of germline genetic testing for breast cancer in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review
Creators: name: Goh, Sook Pin
name: Ong, Siew Chin
name: Chan, Jue Ern
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Search Strategy and Results; Rationale for excluded studies in systematic review
Shortcuts to Adiabatic Classical Spin Dynamics Mimicking Quantum Annealing
Creators: name: Hatomura, Takuya
name: Mori, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a simple construction of shortcuts to adiabaticity tracking instantaneous stationary states in classical spin systems without knowing tracked stationary states. In our construction, control fields of counter-diabatic driving are constituted by state-dependent magnetic fields, which can be easily determined with an aid of numerical calculations. Easiness of our construction is a remarkable feature since it is usually a hard task to determine explicit form of required counter-diabatic terms in many-body systems. We also argue that our method can be applied to solve combinatorial optimization problems by considering classical spin dynamics under a time-dependent Hamiltonian, which mimics the procedure of quantum annealing.
description: Accepted for publication in PRE
Wanted! Daniel:a Düsentrieb - MINT oder nicht MINT? Das ist hier die Frage
Creators: name: Eggers, Julia
name: Neuburger, Rahild
name: Schmid, Yvonne
name: Till, Verena
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 330 Wirtschaft

description: Im Rahmen des Digitaltages haben wir mit Studierenden, Eltern, Führungskräften und vielen anderen über Karriereentscheidungen für und gegen MINT-Berufe diskutiert. Dabei kristallisierten sich fünf verschiedene Bereiche heraus: • Eigenwahrnehmung junger Menschen • Schule • Eltern • Berufliche Aussichten • Politische und privatwirtschaftliche Initiativen Aus den jeweiligen Feldern ergeben sich verschiedene Herausforderungen, aber auch Chancen. So können Kinder aller Geschlechter schon jung erfahren, dass MINT-Kompetenzen das Handwerkszeug zur Lösung von Problemen in allen Lebensbereichen sind. Mit Unterstützung toleranter Eltern, aufmerksamer Lehrenden, spannenden Aufgabenstellungen in der Schule und einem transparenten Verständnis von beruflichen Chancen können wir junge Männer und Frauen für einen individuellen Karrierepfad im MINT-Bereich begeistern. Gesamtgesellschaftlich heben wir dadurch ungenutzte Potenziale und sind auch in Zukunft gewappnet für die Herausforderungen der digitalen Technologien.
description: Ergebnisse der Aktion am Digitaltag 2021 des Arbeitskreises „Diversity Applied“ im Münchner Kreis e.V. am 18. Juni 2021
Fractal Structures Driven by Self-Gravity: Molecular clouds and the Universe
Creators: name: Combes, Francoise
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the interstellar medium, as well as in the Universe, large density fluctuations are observed, that obey power-law density distributions and correlation functions. These structures are hierarchical, chaotic, turbulent, but are also self-organizing. The apparent disorder is not random noise, but can be described by a fractal, with a deterministic fractal dimension. We discuss the theories advanced to describe these fractal structures, and in particular a new theory of the self-gravity thermodynamics, that could explain their existence, and predict their fractal dimension. The media obeying scaling laws can be considered critical, as in second order phase transitions for instance.
description: 37 pages, 3 figures, lecture at "Chaotic Dynamics of Gravitational Systems", Les Arcs 2000, to be published in Celestical Mechanics
How much time does a tunneling particle spend in the barrier region?
Creators: name: Steinberg, Aephraim M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The question in the title may be answered by considering the outcome of a ``weak measurement'' in the sense of Aharonov et al. Various properties of the resulting time are discussed, including its close relation to the Larmor times. It is a universal description of a broad class of measurement interactions, and its physical implications are unambiguous.
description: 5 pages; no figures
Reminiscences of Abel Alan Schechter : 1950
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Journalists
Radio--History
Radio supplies industry
Broadcast journalism
World War, 1939-1945--Propaganda

description: Journalism in the late 1920s and early 1930s; Director, news and special events for National Broadcasting Company, 1943-1945; with U.S. Army from 1944 in charge of radio and press transmission from Southwest Pacific area; Mutual Broadcasting System, 1945-1950
Supplementary Tables from Evolution of the calcium feedback steps of vertebrate phototransduction
Creators: name: Lamb, Trevor D.
name: Hunt, David M.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: 60408 Genomics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Phototransduction gene synteny and list of transcripts examined
Supplementary Figures from Evolution of the calcium feedback steps of vertebrate phototransduction
Creators: name: Lamb, Trevor D.
name: Hunt, David M.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: 60408 Genomics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Molecular phylogenies and gene duplication pattern
Strong-lensing Measurement of the Mass-density Profile out to 3 Effective Radii for $z \sim 0.5$ Early-type Galaxies
Creators: name: Li, Rui
name: Shu, Yiping
name: Wang, Jiangcheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the total mass-density profiles out to three effective radii for a sample of 63 $z \sim 0.5$, massive early-type galaxies (ETGs) acting as strong gravitational lenses through a joint analysis of lensing and stellar dynamics. The compilation is selected from three galaxy-scale strong-lens samples including the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) Emission-Line Lens Survey (BELLS), BELLS for GALaxy-Ly$α$ EmitteR sYstems Survey, and Strong Lensing Legacy Survey (SL2S). Utilizing the wide source-redshift coverage (0.8--3.5) provided by these three samples, we build a statistically significant ensemble of massive ETGs for which robust mass measurements can be achieved within a broad range of Einstein radii up to three effective radii. Characterizing the three-dimensional total mass-density distribution by a power-law profile as $ρ\propto r^{-γ}$, we find that the average logarithmic density slope for the entire sample is $\langleγ\rangle=2.000_{-0.032}^{+0.033}$ ($68\%$CL) with an intrinsic scatter $δ=0.180_{-0.028}^{+0.032}$. Further parameterizing $\langleγ\rangle$ as a function of redshift $z$ and ratio of Einstein radius to effective radius $R_{ein}/R_{eff}$, we find the average density distributions of these massive ETGs become steeper at larger radii and later cosmic times with magnitudes $\mathrm{d} \langleγ\rangle / \mathrm{d}z = -0.309_{-0.160}^{+0.166}$ and $\mathrm{d} \langleγ\rangle / \mathrm{d} \log_{10} \frac{R_{ein}}{R_{eff}} = 0.194_{-0.083}^{+0.092}$.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Galaxy Formation and Evolution: Low Surface Brightness Galaxies
Creators: name: Jimenez, Raul
name: Padoan, Paolo
name: Matteucci, Francesca
name: Heavens, Alan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate in detail the hypothesis that low surface brightness galaxies (LSB) differ from ordinary galaxies simply because they form in halos with large spin parameters. We compute star formation rates using the Schmidt law, assuming the same gas infall dependence on surface density as used in models of the Milky Way. We build stellar population models, predicting colours, spectra, and chemical abundances. We compare our predictions with observed values of metallicity and colours for LSB galaxies and find excellent agreement with all observables. In particular, integrated colours, colour gradients, surface brightness and metallicity match very well to the observed values of LSBs for models with ages larger than 7 Gyr and high values ($λ> 0.05$) for the spin parameter of the halos. We also compute the global star formation rate (SFR) in the Universe due to LSBs and show that it has a flatter evolution with redshift than the corresponding SFR for normal discs. We furthermore compare the evolution in redshift of $[Zn/H]$ for our models to those observed in Damped Lyman $α$ systems by \scite{Pettini+97} and show that Damped Lyman $α$ systems abundances are consistent with the predicted abundances at different radii for LSBs. Finally, we show how the required late redshift of collapse of the halo may constrain the power spectrum of fluctuations.
description: To appear in MNRAS
On the use of collagen type-I in the growth of hydroxyapatite on micro-fabricated biomimetic dentin
Creators: name: Miles, Benjamin Nicholas
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: Dentin hypersensitivity is a condition that affects 4 – 14% of western populations like the U.K. It is characterised by a short sharp pain in the gums, usually experienced when an individual consumes cold food or drink. Typical treatments that are primarily delivered by sensitive toothpastes initially relied upon disruption of neuronal activity with potassium ions. However, more recently the most advanced over the counter treatments now act to occlude the tubules present in dentin that are involved in the hydrodynamic cause of dentinal pain. Pre-clinically, the efficacy of these occlusive treatments are assessed in a hydraulic conductance apparatus. This apparatus forces a simulated saliva through a thin section of dentin known as a Pashley dentin disc to determine a volumetric flow rate before and after treatment with the active of interest. Due to the innate variability of dentin a high degree of variability makes the assessment of novel actives difficult and unreliable. This body of work covers the attempt to fabricate a synthetic dentin disc that replicates the microstructure of the dentin and its tubules and in addition, the surface chemistry of the collagen and hydroxyapatite composite observed in dentin in vivo. The focus of this thesis is largely on the exploration of using collagen immobilised at the surface of this silicon mimetic dentin disc to template the growth of hydroxyapatite via a biomineralisation-like processes. An automated perfusion apparatus is used in attempt to mineralise a collagen coated mimetic dentin disc under conditions of continuous flow. A study of this flow mineralisation process over time was undertaken largely by Scanning Electron Microscopy. Whilst deposition of material was achieved at the mimetic dentin surface the full composition and morphology remained inconclusive however this work made significant headway into highlighting suitable routes forward in terms of fabrication and characterisation.
Rodlike counterions at heterogeneously charged surfaces
Creators: name: Naji, Ali
name: Hejazi, Kasra
name: Mahgerefteh, Elnaz
name: Podgornik, Rudolf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spatial and orientational distribution of rodlike counterions (such as mobile nanorods) as well as the effective interaction mediated by them between two plane-parallel surfaces that carry fixed (quenched) heterogeneous charge distributions. The rodlike counterions are assumed to have an internal charge distribution, specified by a multivalent monopolar moment and a finite quadrupolar moment, and the quenched surface charge is assumed to be randomly distributed with equal mean and variance on the two surfaces. While equally charged surfaces are known to repel within the traditional mean-field theories, the presence of multivalent counterions has been shown to cause attractive interactions between uniformly charged surfaces due to the prevalence of strong electrostatic couplings that grow rapidly with the counterion valency. We show that the combined effects due to electrostatic correlations (caused by the coupling between the mean surface field and the multivalent, monopolar, charge valency of counterions) as well as the disorder-induced interactions (caused by the coupling between the surface disorder field and the quadrupolar moment of counterions) lead to much stronger attractive interactions between two randomly charged surfaces. The interaction profile turns out to be a nonmonotonic function of the intersurface separation, displaying an attractive minimum at relatively small separations, where the ensuing attraction can exceed the maximum strong-coupling attraction (produced by multivalent monopolar counterions between uniformly charged surfaces) by more than an order of magnitude.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Quantum Nonlocality in Two-Photon Experiments at Berkeley
Creators: name: Chiao, Raymond Y.
name: Kwiat, Paul G.
name: Steinberg, Aephraim M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review some of our experiments performed over the past few years on two-photon interference. These include a test of Bell's inequalities, a study of the complementarity principle, an application of EPR correlations for dispersion-free time-measurements, and an experiment to demonstrate the superluminal nature of the tunneling process. The nonlocal character of the quantum world is brought out clearly by these experiments. As we explain, however, quantum nonlocality is not inconsistent with Einstein causality.
description: 16 pages including 24 figures
Additional file 1 of MUC5AC concentrations in lung lavage fluids are associated with acute lung injury after cardiac surgery
Creators: name: van Paassen, Judith
name: Hiemstra, Pieter S.
name: van der Linden, Abraham C.
name: de Jonge, Evert
name: Zwaginga, Jaap Jan
name: Klautz, Robert J.M.
name: Arbous, M. Sesmu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Additional file 1 of Two-step spatiotemporal anomaly detection corrected for lag reporting time with application to real-time dengue surveillance in Thailand
Creators: name: Rotejanaprasert, Chawarat
name: Areechokchai, Darin
name: Maude, Richard J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1