cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Освещение темы Великой Отечественной войны в Республике Крым на примере Крымскотатарского музея культурно-исторического наследия
Creators: name: Чачи Эбазер Мустафаевич
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Великая Отечественная война
историческая память
Крымскотатарский музей культурно-исторического наследия
музейная деятельность
региональный музей
The Great Patriotic War
historical memory
Crimean Tatar Museum of Cultural and Historical Heritage
museum activities
regional museum

description: Аннотация. В статье рассмотрены направления деятельности региональных музеев Российской Федерации по сохранению исторической памяти о Великой Отечественной войне 1941–1945 гг. на примере одного из учреждений культуры Республики Крым – Крымскотатарского музея культурно-исторического наследия. Изучен механизм функционирования региональных музеев Росии, формирования и передачи исторической памяти, посредством анализа научно-исследовательской, фондовой, экспозиционно-выставочной и просветительской работы одной культурной организации. До настоящего времени в Крыму не было издано научных трудов, посвященных развитию музейного дела по Великой Отечественной войне. В основу исследования положены фондовые материалы Крымскотатарского музея культурно-исторического наследия, также ранее опубликованные книги специалистов и музееведов. Сделан вывод, что музейная работа, направленная на формирование героического и трагического образа Великой Отечественной войны, способствует максимальному расширению аудитории музейного учреждения и повышает интерес к истории страны. 

Abstract. The article examines the areas of activity of regional museums of the Russian Federation to preserve the historical memory of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 using the example of one of the cultural institutions of the Republic of Crimea - the Crimean Tatar Museum of Cultural and Historical Heritage. The mechanism of functioning of regional museums of Russia, the formation and transfer of historical memory, through the analysis of research, collection, exhibition and educational work of one cultural organization is studied. Until now, no scientific works devoted to the development of museum work on the Great Patriotic War have been published in Crimea. The study is based on the collection materials of the Crimean Tatar Museum of Cultural and Historical Heritage, as well as previously published books by specialists and museologists. It is concluded that museum work aimed at forming a heroic and tragic image of the Great Patriotic War contributes to the maximum expansion of the audience of the museum institution and increases interest in the history of the country.
Parameter-free Stark Broadening of Hydrogen Lines in DA White Dwarfs
Creators: name: Tremblay, P. -E.
name: Bergeron, P.
name: Dupuis, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new calculations for the Stark broadening of the hydrogen line profiles in the dense atmospheres of white dwarf stars. Our improved model is based on the unified theory of Stark broadening from Vidal, Cooper & Smith, but it also includes non-ideal gas effects from the Hummer & Mihalas occupation probability formalism directly inside the line profile calculations. This approach improves upon previous calculations that relied on the use of an ad-hoc free parameter to describe the dissolution of the line wing opacity in the presence of high electric microfields in the plasma. We present here the first grid of model spectra for hot Teff >~ 12,000 K DA white dwarfs that has no free parameters. The atmospheric parameters obtained from optical and UV spectroscopic observations using these improved models are shown to differ substantially from those published in previous studies.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, to appear in Journal of Physics Conference Proceedings for the 16th European White Dwarf Workshop
One-loop effective action in ${\cal N}=2$ supersymmetric massive Yang-Mills theory
Creators: name: Buchbinder, I. L.
name: Pletnev, N. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the ${\cal N}=2$ supersymmetric theory of the massive Yang-Mills field formulated in the ${\cal N}=2$ harmonic superspace. The various gauge-invariant forms of writing the mass term in the action (in particular, using the Stueckelberg superfield), which result in dual formulations of the theory, are presented. We develop a gauge-invariant and explicitly supersymmetric scheme of the loop off-shell expansion of the superfield effective action. In the framework of this scheme, we calculate gauge-invariant and explicitly ${\cal N}=2$ supersymmetric one-loop counterterms including new counterterms depending on the Stueckelberg superfield. Component structure of one of these counterterms is analyzed.
description: 18, pages, Accepted for publication in Theor. Math. Phys
Identification of an autoinhibitory, mitophagy-inducing peptide derived from the transmembrane domain of USP30
Creators: name: Qin, Xuan
name: Wang, Rui
name: Xu, Hongkun
name: Tu, Licheng
name: Chen, Hailing
name: Li, Heng
name: Liu, Na
name: Wang, Jinpeng
name: Li, Shuiming
name: Yin, Feng
name: Xu, Naihan
name: Li, Zigang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: The mitochondrial-anchored deubiquitinating enzyme USP30 (ubiquitin specific peptidase 30) antagonizes PRKN/parkin-mediated mitophagy, making it a potential target for treating Parkinson disease. However, few inhibitors targeting USP30 have been reported. Here, we report a novel peptide (Q14) derived from the transmembrane (TM) domain of USP30 that can target mitochondrial-anchored USP30 directly and increase mitophagy through two intriguing and distinct mechanisms: a novel autoinhibition mechanism in USP30 and accelerated autophagosome formation via the LC3-interacting region (LIR) of the Q14 peptide. We identified the potential binding sites between the Q14 peptide and USP30 and postulated that an allosteric autoinhibition mechanism regulates USP30 activity. Furthermore, the LIR motif in the Q14 peptide offers additional binding with LC3 and accelerated autophagosome formation. The two mechanisms synergistically enhance mitophagy. Our work provides novel insight and direction to the design of inhibitors for USP30 or other deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs). Abbreviations: 3-MA: 3-methyladenine; ATTEC: autophagosome-tethering compound; BafA1: bafilomycin A1; BNIP3: BCL2 interacting protein 3; BNIP3L/NIX: BCL2 interacting protein 3 like; CCCP: carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone; DMSO: dimethyl sulfoxide; FP: fluorescence polarization; FUNDC1: FUN14 domain containing 1; HCQ: hydroxychloroquine; LIR: LC3-interacting region; MST: microscale thermophoresis; mtDNA: mitochondrial DNA; mtPA-GFP: mitochondria-targeted photoactive fluorescence protein; OMM: outer mitochondrial membrane; PINK1: PTEN induced kinase 1; PRKN/parkin: parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase; Rap: rapamycin; SA: streptavidin; TM: transmembrane; Ub: ubiquitin; Ub-AMC: Ub-7-amido-4-methylcoumarin; UPS: ubiquitin-protease system; USP: ubiquitin specific peptidase; USP30: ubiquitin specific peptidase 30.
Gefühlsge stalten. Haltungen als emotionale Selbstverhältnisse
Creators: name: Weber-Guskar, Eva
Publisher: name: Thaumàzein | Rivista di Filosofia
Year: 2014
Subjects: Eva Weber-Guskar; hexis; Haltung; emotions

description: Figured Feelings. Personal Postures as emotional self-relationships
The renaissance of the philosophy of emotions in the last decades provided several detailed theories of the different types of affective phenomena, such as feelings, emotions and moods. Now we can ask further how all these contribute to more complex phenomena such as a condition of a person or her posture. The main these of this article is that at least one meaning of a condition or posture of a person (referring to the greek “hexis”) can be best explained as a self-relationship of a person in which that person is shaping her emotions, or, more precisely, her emotional dispositions (and therewith also her dispositions to act). I develop this idea in three steps. First, I sketch which meaning of “stance” (German: “Haltung”) I focus on and how it can generally be conceived of as forming ones emotions; secondly, I explain how this process of forming and shaping can be understood in more detail; and finally, I illustrate this general explication with the example of the stance of dignity.
description: Thaumàzein | Rivista di Filosofia, Vol 2 (2014): Etica e Passioni
Congridae Smith 2018
Creators: name: Smith, David G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Anguilliformes
Congridae

description: Family Congridae   Diagnosis. Medium to large size. Body moderately elongate to elongate, round in cross section anteriorly, compressed posteriorly; anus usually located at anterior one-half to one-third TL; tail variable in form, from blunt to slender. Snout variable in form, from long and slender to short and pug-nosed. Mouth variable, gape usually ending below eye; upper jaw usually longer than lower, occasionally jaws equal, and rarely lower jaw longer. Eye well developed. Anterior nostril tubular, near tip of snout; posterior nostril usually on side of head in front of eye, rarely above eye or on upper lip; flange on upper and lower lip present or absent. Teeth variable, from small and granular to long and fang-like. Gill opening usually a crescentic slit just in front of pectoral fin. Dorsal and anal fins present, confluent around tip of tail; dorsal-fin origin closer to pectoral fin than to anus. Pectoral fin usually present and well developed. Lateral line complete. Scales absent.
description: Published as part of Smith, David G., 2018, A new genus and species of congrid eel from the Philippines (Anguillliformes: Congridae: Bathymyrinae), pp. 78-83 in Zootaxa 4454 (1) on page 78, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4454.1.9, http://zenodo.org/record/1446729
Electromagnetic effects in eta --> 3 pi
Creators: name: Ditsche, Christoph
name: Kubis, Bastian
name: Meißner, Ulf-G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We re-evaluate the electromagnetic corrections to eta --> 3 pi decays at next-to-leading order in the chiral expansion, arguing that effects of order e^2(m_d-m_u) disregarded so far are not negligible compared to other contributions of order e^2 times a light quark mass. Despite the appearance of the Coulomb pole in eta --> pi+ pi- pi0 and cusps in eta --> 3 pi0, the overall corrections remain small.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, talk given at 6th International Workshop on Chiral Dynamics, Bern, Switzerland, July 6-10, 2009
Life cycles of agriculturally relevant ENSO teleconnections in North and South America
Creators: name: Anderson, Weston Buckley
name: Seager, Richard
name: Baethgen, Walter E.
name: Cane, Mark A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Southern oscillation
Teleconnections (Climatology)
Crops and climate

description: The characteristic evolution of El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on timescales of months to years means that risks to agriculture have structure between seasons and years. The potential for consecutive ENSO-induced yield anomalies is of particular interest in major food producing areas, where modest changes in yield have significant effects on global markets. In this study, we analyse how multi-year El Niño and La Niña life cycles relate to climate sensitive portions of major crop-growing seasons in North and South America. We analyse the dynamics underlying these life cycles to illustrate which aspects of the system are most important for agriculture. In North America, the same-season teleconnections affecting soybean and maize have been well studied, but we demonstrate the importance of lagged soil moisture teleconnections for wheat in the southern Great Plains. In South America, peak ENSO sea surface temperature (SST) teleconnections are concurrent with, and therefore critical for, wheat and maize growing seasons while soil moisture memory in Argentina plays an important role during the soybean growing season. Finally, we show that ENSO teleconnection life cycles are consistent with historical yield anomalies. Both El Niño and La Niña life cycles tend to force consecutive seasons of either above or below expected yields. While the magnitude of the yield anomalies forced by ENSO is often modest, they occur in major crop-producing regions.
Covariability of climate and streamflow in the Upper Rio Grande from interannual to interdecadal timescales
Creators: name: Pascolini-Campbell, Madeleine Anne
name: Seager, Richard
name: Pinson, Ariane
name: Cook, Benjamin I.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Hydrology
Streamflow
Climatic changes
Rivers

description: Study region: The Upper Rio Grande (URG) flows from its headwaters in Colorado, U.S., and provides an important source of water to millions of people in the U.S. states of Colorado, New Mexico, Texas, and also Mexico. Study focus: We reassess the explanatory power of the relationship of sea surface temperatures (SST) on URG streamflow variability on interannual to interdecadal timescales. We find a significant amount of the variance of spring-summer URG streamflow cannot be fully explained by SST. New hydrological insights: We find that the interdecadal teleconnection between SST and streamflow is more clear than on interannual timescales. The highest ranked years tend to be clustered during positive phases of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). During the periods of decadal high flow (1900–1920, and 1979–1995), Pacific SST resembles a positive PDO pattern and the Atlantic a negative Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) pattern; an interbasin pattern shown in prior studies to be conducive to high precipitation and streamflow. To account for the part of streamflow variance not explained by SST, we analyze atmospheric Reanalysis data for the months preceding the highest spring-summer streamflow events. A variety of atmospheric configurations are found to precede the highest flow years through anomalous moisture convergence. This lack of consistency suggests that, on interannual timescales, weather and not climate can dominate the generation of high streamflow events.
Rank functions and partial stability spectra for tame AECs
Creators: name: Lieberman, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03C45; 03C95

description: We introduce a family of rank functions and related notions of total transcendence for Galois types in abstract elementary classes. We focus, in particular, on abstract elementary classes satisfying the condition know as tameness (currently suspected to be a necessary condition for the development of a reasonable classification theory) where the connections between stability and total transcendence are most evident. As a byproduct, we obtain a partial upward stability transfer result for tame abstract elementary classes stable in a cardinal lambda satisfying lambda^{aleph_0}, a substantial generalization of a result of Baldwin, Kueker, and VanDieren.
description: 15 pages
Crop production variability in North and South America forced by life-cycles of the El Niño Southern Oscillation
Creators: name: Anderson, Weston Buckley
name: Seager, Richard
name: Baethgen, Walter E.
name: Cane, Mark A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Southern oscillation
Teleconnections (Climatology)
Crops and climate

description: In this analysis we show how globally coherent teleconnections from life-cycles of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) lead to correlated crop production anomalies in North and South America. We estimate the magnitude of ENSO-induced Pan-American production anomalies and discuss how increasing crop harvesting frequency may affect Pan-American production variability. We find that ENSO accounts for ∼72%, 30% and 57% of Pan-American maize, soybean and wheat production variability, respectively. ENSO-induced production anomalies are greatest for maize, with median anomalies of ∼5% of Pan-American production. ENSO-induced yield anomalies for maize and soybeans tend to be of the same sign in North America and southeast South America but of an opposite sign in northeast Brazil. Teleconnections for wheat are more complicated because ENSO affects wheat yields via lagged soil moisture teleconnections in the US and an increased probability of disease in South America, but anomalies tend to be of the same sign in North America and southeast South America. After broadly characterizing ENSO-induced production anomalies, we demonstrate that they are not static in time. Increasing crop harvesting frequency has affected the correlated risks posed by ENSO. We use a soil water balance to show that in Brazil changing to a safrinha cropping cycle increases both the mean water stress and the ENSO-induced soil water content anomalies during flowering in both the maize and soybean seasons, which is a result of increasing evaporative demand during times of lower precipitation and moving the flowering seasons into months with strong ENSO teleconnections. Increasing crop harvesting frequency in Brazil has therefore increased ENSO-induced production variability of soybeans and maize.
On the very high energy (>25GeV) pulsed emission in the Crab pulsar
Creators: name: George, Machabeli
name: Zaza, Osmanov
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have examined the recently detected very high energy (VHE) pulsed radiation from the Crab pulsar. According to the observational evidence, the observed emission (>25GeV) peaks at the same phase with the optical spectrum. Considering the cyclotron instability, we show that the pitch angle becomes non-vanishing leading to the efficient synchrotron mechanism near the light cylinder surface. The corresponding spectral index of the emission equals -1/2. By studying the inverse Compton scattering and the curvature radiation, it is argued that the aforementioned mechanisms do not contribute to the VHE radiation detected by MAGIC.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure
Man and river : a preliminary report on the origin and nature of faecal coliforms in two Tasmanian rivers
Creators: name: Felgenhaur, John William
name: Spratt, Peter Elliott
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This Report is very much of a preliminary nature. It is a first attempt to determine the relevant influences acting on a local river system in order to explain various phenomena of faecal coliform activity observed by others both locally and overseas. The work is intended to determine the important parameters controlling the coliforms in the systems being examined so that later definitive work can be clearly focused. Our approach has entailed the establishment of a broad background picture of the environmental system in which the coliforms live and in which the tests for them have been determined. There is then, much which will not be needed for later detailed studies, but which must first be done in order to establish what is necessary and what is not. Our scope has been greatly limited by restrictions of time, laboratory space and equipment, restricting work to only the winter months though it is perhaps a finding in itself that the summer months appear to be the most important. The Report is written in a discursive style, and we have attempted to make each section and chapter as self contained as possible, so that persons unfamiliar with the field could, by repetition, gain some idea of the principles on which we have based our work.
Narrow Radiative Recombination Continua: A Signature of Ions Crossing the Contact Discontinuity of Astrophysical Shocks
Creators: name: Nordon, Raanan
name: Behar, Ehud
name: Soker, Noam
name: Kastner, Joel H.
name: Yu, Young Sam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-rays from planetary nebulae (PNs) are believed to originate from a shock driven into the fast stellar wind (v ~ 1000 km/s) as it collides with an earlier circumstellar slow wind (v ~ 10 km/s). In theory, the shocked fast wind (hot bubble) and the ambient cold nebula can remain separated by magnetic fields along a surface referred to as the contact discontinuity (CD) that inhibits diffusion and heat conduction. The CD region is extremely difficult to probe directly owing to its small size and faint emission. This has largely left the study of CDs, stellar-shocks, and the associated micro-physics in the realm of theory. This paper presents spectroscopic evidence for ions from the hot bubble (kT ~ 100 eV) crossing the CD and penetrating the cold nebular gas (kT ~ 1 eV). Specifically, a narrow radiative recombination continuum (RRC) emission feature is identified in the high resolution X-ray spectrum of the PN BD+30 3639 indicating bare C VII ions are recombining with cool electrons at kT_e=1.7+-1.3 eV. An upper limit to the flux of the narrow RRC of H-like C VI is obtained as well. The RRCs are interpreted as due to C ions from the hot bubble of BD+30 3639 crossing the CD into the cold nebula, where they ultimately recombine with its cool electrons. The RRC flux ratio of C VII to C VI constrains the temperature jump across the CD to Delta kT > 80 eV, providing for the first time direct evidence for the stark temperature disparity between the two sides of an astrophysical CD, and constraining the role of magnetic fields and heat conduction accordingly. Two colliding-wind binaries are noted to have similar RRCs suggesting a temperature jump and CD crossing by ions may be a common feature of stellar wind shocks.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, accepted to ApJ. Corrected typos, minor modifications to eq. 5 and corresponding text
Generation-by-Generation Dissection of the Response Function in Long Memory Epidemic Processes
Creators: name: Saichev, A.
name: Sornette, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a number of natural and social systems, the response to an exogenous shock relaxes back to the average level according to a long-memory kernel $\sim 1/t^{1+θ}$ with $0 \leq θ<1$. In the presence of an epidemic-like process of triggered shocks developing in a cascade of generations at or close to criticality, this "bare" kernel is renormalized into an even slower decaying response function $\sim 1/t^{1-θ}$. Surprisingly, this means that the shorter the memory of the bare kernel (the larger $1+θ$), the longer the memory of the response function (the smaller $1-θ$). Here, we present a detailed investigation of this paradoxical behavior based on a generation-by-generation decomposition of the total response function, the use of Laplace transforms and of "anomalous" scaling arguments. The paradox is explained by the fact that the number of triggered generations grows anomalously with time at $\sim t^θ$ so that the contributions of active generations up to time $t$ more than compensate the shorter memory associated with a larger exponent $θ$. This anomalous scaling results fundamentally from the property that the expected waiting time is infinite for $0 \leq θ\leq 1$. The techniques developed here are also applied to the case $θ>1$ and we find in this case that the total renormalized response is a {\bf constant} for $t < 1/(1-n)$ followed by a cross-over to $\sim 1/t^{1+θ}$ for $t \gg 1/(1-n)$.
description: 27 pages, 4 figures
No Access Are Glacials Dry? Consequences for Paleoclimatology and for Greenhouse Warming
Creators: name: Scheff, Jacob S.
name: Seager, Richard
name: Liu, Haibo
name: Coats, Sloan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Climatic changes
Hydrologic cycle
Paleoclimatology
Glacial climates
Atmospheric circulation--Models

description: Past cold climates are often thought to have been drier than today on land, which appears to conflict with certain recent studies projecting widespread terrestrial drying with near-future warming. However, other work has found that, over large portions of the continents, the conclusion of future drying versus wetting strongly depends on the physical property of interest. Here, it is shown that this also holds in simulations of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM): the continents have generally wetter topsoils and higher values of common climate wetness metrics than in the preindustrial, as well as generally lower precipitation and ubiquitously lower photosynthesis (likely driven by the low CO2), with streamflow responses falling in between. Using a large existing global pollen and plant fossil compilation, it is also confirmed that LGM grasslands and open woodlands grew at many sites of present-day forest, seasonal forests at many sites of present-day rain forest, and so forth (116–144 sites out of 302), while changes in the opposite sense were very few (9–17 sites out of 302) and spatially confined. These vegetation changes resemble the model photosynthesis responses but not the hydroclimate responses, while published lake-level changes resemble the latter but not the former. Thus, confidence in both the model hydrologic and photosynthesis projections is increased, and there is no significant conflict. Instead, paleo- and modern climate researchers must carefully define “wetting” and “drying” and, in particular, should not assume hydrologic drying on the basis of vegetation decline alone or assume vegetation stress on the basis of declines in hydroclimatic indicators.
Additional file 1 of CYP4B1 polymorphisms and the risk of breast cancer in Chinese women: a case-control study
Creators: name: Yin, Yanhai
name: Tong, Liangqian
name: Wan, Zhenling
name: Sui, Yanfang
name: Li, Fen
name: Huang, Qian
name: Zhao, Xinhan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 1
Asymmetric scattering and non-orthogonal mode patterns in optical micro-spirals
Creators: name: Wiersig, Jan
name: Kim, Sang Wook
name: Hentschel, Martina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasi-bound states in an open system do in general not form an orthogonal and complete basis. It is, however, expected that the non-orthogonality is weak in the case of well-confined states except close to a so-called exceptional point in parameter space. We present numerical evidence showing that for passive optical microspiral cavities the parameter regime where the non-orthogonality is significant is rather broad. Here we observe almost-degenerate pairs of well-confined modes which are highly non-orthogonal. Using a non-Hermitian model Hamiltonian we demonstrate that this interesting phenomenon is related to the asymmetric scattering between clockwise and counterclockwise propagating waves in the spiral geometry. Numerical simulations of ray dynamics reveal a clear ray-wave correspondence.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures
Spatial distribution functions of random packed granular spheres obtained by direct particle imaging
Creators: name: Panaitescu, Andreea
name: Kudrolli, Arshad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the two-point density correlations and Voronoi cell distributions of cyclically sheared granular spheres obtained with a fluorescence technique and compare them with random packing of frictionless spheres. We find that the radial distribution function $g(r)$ is captured by the Percus-Yevick equation for initial volume fraction $ϕ=0.59$. However, small but systematic deviations are observed because of the splitting of the second peak as $ϕ$ is increased towards random close packing. The distribution of the Voronoi free volumes deviates from postulated $Γ$ distributions, and the orientational order metric $Q_6$ shows disorder compared to numerical results reported for frictionless spheres. Overall, these measures show significant similarity of random packing of granular and frictionless spheres, but some systematic differences as well.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 3 of Capsulized faecal microbiota transplantation ameliorates post-weaning diarrhoea by modulating the gut microbiota in piglets
Creators: name: Tang, Wenjie
name: Chen, Daiwen
name: Yu, Bing
name: He, Jun
name: Huang, Zhiqing
name: Zheng, Ping
name: Mao, Xiangbing
name: Luo, Yuheng
name: Luo, Junqiu
name: Wang, Quyuan
name: Wang, Huifen
name: Yu, Jie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. Real-time PCR primers and conditions.
From anonymity to “open doors”: IRB responses to tensions with researchers
Creators: name: Klitzman, Robert L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Institutional review boards (Medicine)
Institutional review boards (Medicine)--Management
Research--Moral and ethical aspects

description: Background: Tensions between IRBs and researchers in the US and elsewhere have increased, and may affect whether, how, and to what degree researchers comply with ethical guidelines. Yet whether, how, when, and why IRBs respond to these conflicts have received little systematic attention. Findings: I contacted 60 US IRBs (every fourth one in the list of the top 240 institutions by NIH funding), and interviewed leaders from 34 (response rate = 55%) and an additional 12 members and administrators. IRBs often try to respond to tensions with researchers and improve relationships in several ways, but range widely in how, when, and to what degree (e.g., in formal and informal structure, content, and tone of interactions). IRBs varied from open and accessible to more distant and anonymous, and in the amount and type of “PR work” and outreach they do. Many boards seek to improve the quantity, quality, and helpfulness of communication with PIs, but differ in how. IRBs range in meetings from open to closed, and may have clinics and newsletters. Memos can vary in helpfulness and tone (e.g., using “charm”). IRBs range considerably, too, in the degrees to which they seek to educate PIs, showing them the underlying ethical principles. But these efforts take time and resources, and IRBs thus vary in degrees of responses to PI complaints. Conclusions: This study, the first to explore the mechanisms through which IRBs respond to tensions and interactions with PIs, suggests that these committees seek to respond to conflicts with PIs in varying ways – both formal and informal, involving both the form and content of communications. This study has important implications for future practice, research, and policy, suggesting needs for increased attention to not only what IRBs communicate to PIs, but how (i.e., the tone and the nature of interactions). IRBs can potentially improve relationships with PIs in several ways: using more “open doors” rather than anonymity, engaging in outreach (e.g., through clinics), enhancing the tone as well as content of interactions, educating PIs about the underlying ethics, and helping PIs as much and proactively as possible. Increased awareness of these issues can help IRBs and researchers in the US and elsewhere.
On the stability of call/put option's prices in incomplete models under statistical estimations
Creators: name: Vostrikova, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G07, 60G51, 62F10, (Primary) 91B70 (Secondary)

description: In exponential semi-martingale setting for risky asset we estimate the difference of prices of options when initial physical measure $P$ and corresponding martingale measure $Q$ change to $\tilde{P}$ and $\tilde{Q}$ respectively. Then, we estimate $L_1$-distance of option's prices for corresponding parametric models with known and estimated parameters. The results are applied to exponential Levy models with special choice of martingale measure as Esscher measure, minimal entropy measure and $f^q$-minimal martingale measure. We illustrate our results by considering GMY and CGMY models.
description: 18 pages, no figures
title: 	Lactational performance, rumen fermentation and enteric methane emission of dairy cows fed high-amylase corn silage.
Creators: name: Cueva, S.F.
name: Stefenoni, H.A.
name: Melgar, A.
name: Räisänen, S.E.
name: Lage, C.F.A.
name: Wasson, D.E.
name: Fetter, M.E.
name: Hristov, A.N.
Publisher: name: Penn State Data Commons
Year: 2021

description: The current study investigated the effect of a high-amylase corn silage on lactational performance, enteric methane (CH4) emission, and rumen fermentation of lactating dairy cows. Following a 2-wk covariate period, 48 Holstein cows were blocked based on parity, days-in-milk, milk yield (MY), and CH4 emission. Cows were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments in an 8-wk randomized complete block design experiment: (1) control corn silage (CON) from an isogenic corn without a-amylase trait and (2) Enogen Feed Corn harvested as silage (ECS) containing a bacterial transgene expressing a-amylase in the endosperm of the grain. The ECS and CON silages were included at 40% of the dietary dry matter (DM) and contained 43.3 and 41.8% DM and (%, DM): neutral-detergent fiber, 36.7 and 37.5 and starch, 36.1 vs. 33.1, respectively. Rumen samples were collected from a subset of 10 cows using the ororuminal sampling technique on wk 3 of the experimental period. Enteric CH4 emission was measured using the GreenFeed system (C-Lock Inc, Rapid City, SD). Dry matter intake was similar between treatments. Compared with CON, MY (38.8 vs. 40.8 kg/d), feed efficiency (1.47 vs. 1.55 kg/d), and milk true protein (1.20 vs. 1.25 kg/d), and lactose yields (1.89 vs. 2.00 kg/d) were increased, whereas milk urea nitrogen (14.0 vs. 12.7 mg/dL) was decreased by ECS. There was no effect of treatment on energy corrected MY (ECM), but there was a trend for increased ECM feed efficiency (1.45 vs. 1.50 kg/kg) by ECS compared with CON. Daily CH4 emission was not affected by treatment; emission intensity was decreased by ECS (11.1 vs. 10.3 g/kg milk), but CH4 intensity on ECM basis was not different between treatments. Rumen fermentation, apart from a reduced molar proportion of butyrate by ECS (14.6 vs 11.3%, respectively), was not affected by treatment. Only minor effects of treatment on rumen microbes and milk fatty acid profiles were observed. Apparent total-tract digestibility of nutrients and urinary and fecal nitrogen excretions were not affected by ECS. Overall, ECS inclusion at 40% of dietary DM increased milk, milk protein, and lactose yields and feed efficiency and tended to increase ECM feed efficiency, but had no effect on ECM yield. The increased milk yield with ECS led to a decrease in enteric CH4 emission intensity, compared with the control silage.
Discovery of a magnetic field in the O9 sub-giant star HD 57682 by the MiMeS Collaboration
Creators: name: Grunhut, J. H.
name: Wade, G. A.
name: Marcolino, W. L. F.
name: Petit, V.
name: Henrichs, H. F.
name: Cohen, D. H.
name: Alecian, E.
name: Bohlender, D.
name: Bouret, J. -C.
name: Kochukhov, O.
name: Neiner, C.
name: St-Louis, N.
name: Townsend, R. H. D.
name: Collaboration, the MiMeS
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the detection of a strong, organised magnetic field in the O9IV star HD 57682, using spectropolarimetric observations obtained with ESPaDOnS at the 3.6-m Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope within the context of the Magnetism in Massive Stars (MiMeS) Large Program. From the fitting of our spectra using NLTE model atmospheres we determined that HD 57682 is a $17^{+19}_{-9}$ M$_{\odot}$ star with a radius of $7.0^{+2.4}_{-1.8}$ R$_\odot$, and a relatively low mass-loss rate of $1.4^{+3.1}_{-0.95}\times10^{-9}$ M$_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$. The photospheric absorption lines are narrow, and we use the Fourier transform technique to infer $v\sin i=15\pm3$ km s$^{-1}$. This $v\sin i$ implies a maximum rotational period of 31.5 d, a value qualitatively consistent with the observed variability of the optical absorption and emission lines, as well as the Stokes $V$ profiles and longitudinal field. Using a Bayesian analysis of the velocity-resolved Stokes $V$ profiles to infer the magnetic field characteristics, we tentatively derive a dipole field strength of $1680^{+134}_{-356}$ G. The derived field strength and wind characteristics imply a wind that is strongly confined by the magnetic field.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters
Shaping Tomorrow by Reviewing Yesterday: A Multi-Layered Review of the Historiography of Digitalization
Creators: name: Kort, Tychô
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 430306
subject: Digital history

description: This paper explores the historiography of digitalization through a multi-layered lens, focusing on technology, politics, identity, diversity, and cultural production. It examines how artificial intelligence and digital technologies have historically shaped and been shaped by societal structures, with attention to underrepresented voices. By drawing on diverse historians and perspectives, the paper argues for the value of historiography in understanding and ethically guiding the future of digital transformation.
Hilltop Non-Gaussianity
Creators: name: Kawasaki, Masahiro
name: Nakayama, Kazunori
name: Takahashi, Fuminobu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study non-Gaussianity induced by a pseudo Nambu-Goldstone boson with a cosine-type scalar potential. We focus on how the non-Gaussianity is affected when the pseudo Nambu-Goldstone boson rolls down from near the top of the scalar potential where the deviation from a quadratic potential is large. We find that the resultant non-Gaussianity is similar to that obtained in the quadratic potential, if the pseudo Nambu-Goldstone boson accounts for the curvature perturbation; the non-Gaussianity is enhanced, otherwise.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures; References added; to appear in JCAP
How local IRBs view central IRBs in the US
Creators: name: Klitzman, Robert L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Institutional review boards (Medicine)
Medical sciences--Research--Moral and ethical aspects
Medical ethics

description: Background: Centralization of IRB reviews have been increasing in the US and elsewhere, but many questions about it remain. In the US, a few centralized IRBs (CIRBs) have been established, but how they do and could operate remain unclear. Methods: I contacted 60 IRBs (every fourth one in the list of the top 240 institutions by NIH funding), and interviewed leaders from 34 (response rate = 55%) and an additional 12 members and administrators. Results: These interviewees had often interacted with CIRBs, but supported local reviews, and offered advantages and disadvantages of each. Interviewees argued that local IRBs can provide "local knowledge" of subjects and PIs, and "curbside consults" with PIs, facilitating mutual trust. PIs may interact more fully and informally, and hence effectively with local IRBs. IRBs also felt additional responsibility to protect "their own" subjects. Respondents mentioned a few advantages of CIRBs (e.g., CIRBs may streamline reviews), though far more rarely and cursorily. Overall, interviewees were wary of CIRBs, which they saw as varying widely in quality, depending on who happened to be members. Both local and centralized IRBs appear to have unintended consequences. For instance, discrepancies arose between IRBs that appeared to reflect differences in institutional culture and history, and personalities of chairs and/or vocal members, more than in local community values per se, and thus do not seem to be the intent of the regulations. While some critics see CIRBs as solutions to many IRB problems, critical tradeoffs and uncertainties emerge. Conclusions: These data have critical implications for future policy and research. Debates need to evolve beyond simply a binary discussion of whether CIRBs should replace local IRBs, to examine how and to what degree different models might operate, and what the relative advantages and disadvantages of each are. While some critics see CIRBs as panaceas, certain problems appear likely to continue. Careful consideration needs to be given to whether the advantages of local IRBs outweigh the problems that result, and whether a system can be developed that provides these benefits, while avoiding the disadvantages of local IRBs.
An investigation of environmental knowledge and attitudes involving the design of a test instrument and its use with grade eleven students in Brisbane
Creators: name: Jeays, DR
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The study details the environmental education opportunities in Brisbane at pre-school, primary and secondary levels and provides information about supporting agencies. Literature relating to tests of environmental knowledge and attitudes is surveyed. A full account is given of the steps taken in constructing preliminary tests using the findings of earlier researchers, but also approaching the task from first principles. Test validation was based on the assessments of a panel of experts who were provided with generally accepted definitions of environmental education. The preliminary tests were trialled, followed by item analysis. Items were retained, rejected or revised, some being used in the construction of a 60 item knowledge test. After further trials 30 knowledge items were selected for the final test. They relate to eight major categories of environmental concern and are evenly distributed between specific and applied knowledge. Ten attitude items were also included to assess optimism - pessimism regarding the future and willingness to surrender freedoms. The test was administered to samples of approximately 100 Grade Eleven students from each of six schools, chosen to be representative of Brisbane high schools. Data was analysed using the computer program EVAL and the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) sub-programs REGRESSION, CROSS-TABS and ONEWAY. For the total sample of 663 students the highest inter-correlations obtained were for knowledge and willingness to surrender freedoms (positive) and for optimism and willingness to surrender freedoms (negative). Students who knew more tended to be less optimistic. Males, in general, knew more, were more optimistic and less willing to surrender freedoms than females. Analysis of variance showed these sex differences to be significant. Significant differences were also found between schools on the three test variables and, for socioeconomic level of school, on the variable knowledge. Students from the one school with a stated environmental philosophy scored significantly higher than the rest of students in knowledge and willingness to surrender freedoms, and lower in optimism. One school with an overt religious philosophy obtained a very low score on willingness to surrender freedoms, the difference from the rest being highly significant. The investigation reports with a degree of optimism on the state of environmental education in Brisbane, but reveals some serious knowledge deficiencies. Among these were failure to appreciate that the earth's resources are limited and to understand evolutionary processes and the inter-relatedness of living things. The study points to the need for further quantitative evaluation.
Debris disc stirring by secular perturbations from giant planets
Creators: name: Mustill, Alexander
name: Wyatt, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detectable debris discs are thought to require dynamical excitation (`stirring'), so that planetesimal collisions release large quantities of dust. We investigate the effects of the secular perturbations of a planet, which may lie at a significant distance from the planetesimal disc, to see if these perturbations can stir the disc, and if so over what time-scale. The secular perturbations cause orbits at different semi-major axes to precess at different rates, and after some time t_cross initially non-intersecting orbits begin to cross. We show that t_cross is proportional to a_disc^(9/2)/(m_pl e_pl a_pl^3), where m_pl, e_pl and a_pl are the mass, eccentricity, and semi-major axis of the planet, and a_disc is the semi-major axis of the disc. This time-scale can be faster than that for the growth of planetesimals to Pluto's size within the outer disc. We also calculate the magnitude of the relative velocities induced amongst planetesimals and infer that a planet's perturbations can typically cause destructive collisions out to 100's of AU. Recently formed planets can thus have a significant impact on planet formation in the outer disc which may be curtailed by the formation of giant planets much closer to the star. The presence of an observed debris disc does not require the presence of Pluto-sized objects within it, since it can also have been stirred by a planet not in the disc. For the star epsilon Eridani, we find that the known RV planet can excite the planetesimal belt at 60 AU sufficiently to cause destructive collisions of bodies up to 100 km in size, on a time-scale of 40 Myr.
description: 13 pages, 14 figures. Accepted to MNRAS. v2: corrected typos
Episodic release of CO2 from the high-latitude North Atlantic Ocean during the last 135 kyr
Creators: name: Ezat, Mohamed M.
name: Rasmussen, Tine L.
name: Hoenisch, Baerbel
name: Groeneveld, Jeroen
name: DeMenocal, Peter B.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Paleoclimatology
Paleoceanography
Atmospheric carbon dioxide

description: Antarctic ice cores document glacial-interglacial and millennial-scale variability in atmospheric pCO2 over the past 800 kyr. The ocean, as the largest active carbon reservoir on this timescale, is thought to have played a dominant role in these pCO2 fluctuations, but it remains unclear how and where in the ocean CO2 was stored during glaciations and released during (de)glacial millennial-scale climate events. The evolution of surface ocean pCO2 in key locations can therefore provide important clues for understanding the ocean’s role in Pleistocene carbon cycling. Here we present a 135-kyr record of shallow subsurface pCO2 and nutrient levels from the Norwegian Sea, an area of intense CO2 uptake from the atmosphere today. Our results suggest that the Norwegian Sea probably acted as a CO2 source towards the end of Heinrich stadials HS1, HS4 and HS11, and may have contributed to the increase in atmospheric pCO2 at these times.