cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Modulation of the ClpCP protease of Bacillus subtilis by a phage-encoded adaptor-like protein
Creators: name: Mulvenna, Nancy Marie
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: Bacteriophages (phages) subvert their bacterial hosts through the use of phage-encoded proteins called host takeover factors (HTF). HTF target a number of biological processes and their purpose is to either shut off or modulate host biosynthetic machinery. Despite being the most abundant entities on earth, phages and their HTF remain mostly uncharacterised. The Bacillus subtilis infecting phage, SPO1, encodes 26 genes postulated to be HTF of mostly unknown function. These genes are collectively referred to as the host takeover module (HTM). The first objective of the work described in this thesis was to complete the systematic screen of the SPO1 HTM for HTF that attenuate B. subtilis growth. To this end, the effect of expressing the HTF genes in their respective operons was analysed. The HTF with the most pronounced effect were purified and B. subtilis binding partners found. One such HTF was Gp53 which interacts with the AAA+ ATPase ClpC. The major objective of the work described in this thesis was to characterise in detail the SPO1 HTF Gp53. Using bacterial-two hybrid assays, the binding site of Gp53 on ClpC was mapped and mutational analysis identified residues in both proteins required for the interaction. Gp53 was found to stimulate the ATPase activity of ClpC and compete with the native adaptor, MecA, for binding to ClpC. In vitro degradation assays with ClpC and its protease subunit, ClpP, revealed that Gp53 competition alters normal degradation of native substrates. It also appears that, during infection, Gp53 may alter the degradation of SPO1 proteins Gp39 and Gp40. Thus, the results of this study reveal a novel HTF that modulates the activity of the B. subtilis ClpCP protease in an adaptor-like manner and enables efficient SPO1 phage progeny development.
HotFuzz: Discovering Algorithmic Denial-of-Service Vulnerabilities Through Guided Micro-Fuzzing
Creators: name: Blair, William
name: Mambretti, Andrea
name: Arshad, Sajjad
name: Weissbacher, Michael
name: Robertson, William
name: Kirda, Engin
name: Egele, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Contemporary fuzz testing techniques focus on identifying memory corruption vulnerabilities that allow adversaries to achieve either remote code execution or information disclosure. Meanwhile, Algorithmic Complexity (AC)vulnerabilities, which are a common attack vector for denial-of-service attacks, remain an understudied threat. In this paper, we present HotFuzz, a framework for automatically discovering AC vulnerabilities in Java libraries. HotFuzz uses micro-fuzzing, a genetic algorithm that evolves arbitrary Java objects in order to trigger the worst-case performance for a method under test. We define Small Recursive Instantiation (SRI) as a technique to derive seed inputs represented as Java objects to micro-fuzzing. After micro-fuzzing, HotFuzz synthesizes test cases that triggered AC vulnerabilities into Java programs and monitors their execution in order to reproduce vulnerabilities outside the fuzzing framework. HotFuzz outputs those programs that exhibit high CPU utilization as witnesses for AC vulnerabilities in a Java library. We evaluate HotFuzz over the Java Runtime Environment (JRE), the 100 most popular Java libraries on Maven, and challenges contained in the DARPA Space and Time Analysis for Cybersecurity (STAC) program. We evaluate SRI's effectiveness by comparing the performance of micro-fuzzing with SRI, measured by the number of AC vulnerabilities detected, to simply using empty values as seed inputs. In this evaluation, we verified known AC vulnerabilities, discovered previously unknown AC vulnerabilities that we responsibly reported to vendors, and received confirmation from both IBM and Oracle. Our results demonstrate that micro-fuzzing finds AC vulnerabilities in real-world software, and that micro-fuzzing with SRI-derived seed inputs outperforms using empty values.
description: Network and Distributed Systems Security (NDSS) Symposium, San Diego, CA, USA, February 2020
Uniformly accelerated charge in a quantum field : from radiation reaction to unruh effect
Creators: name: Johnson, Philip
name: Hu, B.L.
Publisher: name: Department of Physics, University of Maryland
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 51
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a stochastic theory for the nonequilibrium dynamics of charges moving in a quantum scalar field based on the worldline influence functional and the close-time-path (CTP or in-in) coarse-grained effective action method. We summarize (1) the steps leading to a derivation of a modified Abraham- Lorentz-Dirac equation whose solutions describe a causal semiclassical theory free of runaway solutions and without pre-acceleration patholigies, and (2) the transformation to a stochastic effective action which generates Abraham-Lorentz-Dirac-Langevin equations depicting the fluctuations of a particle’s worldline around its semiclassical trajectory. We point out the misconceptions in trying to directly relate radiation reaction to vacuum fluctuations, and discuss how, in the framework that we have developed, an array of phenomena, from classical radiation and radiation reaction to the Unruh effect, are interrelated to each other as manifestations at the classical, stochastic and quantum levels. Using this method we give a derivation of the Unruh effect for the spacetime worldline coordinates of an accelerating charge. Our stochastic particle-field model, which was inspired by earlier work in cosmological backreaction, can be used as an analog to the black hole backreaction problem describing the stochastic dynamics of a black hole event horizon.
Lectures on the Plane-Wave String/Gauge Theory Duality
Creators: name: Plefka, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: These lectures give an introduction to the novel duality relating type IIB string theory in a maximally supersymmetric plane-wave background to N=4, d=4, U(N) Super Yang-Mills theory in a particular large N and large R-charge limit due to Berenstein, Maldacena and Nastase. In the first part of these lectures the duality is derived from the AdS/CFT correspondence by taking a Penrose limit of the AdS_5 x S^5 geometry and studying the corresponding double-scaling limit on the gauge theory side. The resulting free plane-wave superstring is then quantized in light-cone gauge. On the gauge theory side of the correspondence the composite Super Yang-Mills operators dual to string excitations are identified, and it is shown how the string spectrum can be mapped to the planar scaling dimensions of these operators. In the second part of these lectures we study the correspondence at the interacting respectively non-planar level. On the gauge theory side it is demonstrated that the large N large R-charge limit in question preserves contributions from Feynman graphs of all genera through the emergence of a new genus counting parameter - in agreement with the string genus expansion for non-zero g_s. Effective quantum mechanical tools to compute higher genus contributions to the scaling dimensions of composite operators are developed and explicitly applied in a genus one computation. We then turn to the interacting string theory side and give an elementary introduction into light-cone superstring field theory in a plane-wave background and point out how the genus one prediction from gauge theory can be reproduced. Finally, we summarize the present status of the plane-wave string/gauge theory duality.
description: 46 pages, Lectures given at the RTN Winter School on Strings, Supergravity and Gauge Theory, Turin 7-11 January 2003; v2: references and comments in section 6.3 added; v3: references added
Business disruptions from social distancing
Creators: name: Koren, Miklós
name: Pető, Rita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Social distancing interventions can be effective against epidemics but are potentially detrimental for the economy. Businesses that rely heavily on face-to-face communication or close physical proximity when producing a product or providing a service are particularly vulnerable. There is, however, no systematic evidence about the role of human interactions across different lines of business and about which will be the most limited by social distancing. Here we provide theory-based measures of the reliance of U.S. businesses on human interaction, detailed by industry and geographic location. We find that 49 million workers work in occupations that rely heavily on face-to-face communication or require close physical proximity to other workers. Our model suggests that when businesses are forced to reduce worker contacts by half, they need a 12 percent wage subsidy to compensate for the disruption in communication. Retail, hotels and restaurants, arts and entertainment and schools are the most affected sectors. Our results can help target fiscal assistance to businesses that are most disrupted by social distancing.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables
Worldline influence functional : Abraham-Lorentz-Dirac-Langevin equation from QED
Creators: name: Johnson, Philip
name: Hu, B.L.
Publisher: name: Department of Physics
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 51
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a stochastic theory of charges moving in an electromagnetic field using nonequilibrium quantum field theory. We give a first principles’ derivation of the Abraham-Lorentz-Dirac-Langevin equation which depicts the quantum expectation value for a particle’s trajectory and its stochastic fluctuations by combining the worldline path integral quantization with the Feynman-Vernon influence functional or closed-time-path effective action methods [1, 2]. At lowest order, the equations of motion are approximated by a stochastic Lorentz-Dirac equation.
Towards the understanding of Decoherence on Ion Traps
Creators: name: Cunha, M. O. Terra
name: Nemes, M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two mechanisms of decoherence in ion traps are studied, specially related to the experiment [Kielpinski et al., Science 291 (2001) 1013]. Statistical hypothesis are made about the unknown variables and the expected behaviour of the visibility of the best experimental pattern is calculated for each mechanism. Data from the experiment are analyzed and show to be insufficient to distinguish between them. We suggest improvements which can do this with slight modifications in the present facilities.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys Lett A
TPLVM: Portfolio Construction by Student's $t$-process Latent Variable Model
Creators: name: Uchiyama, Yusuke
name: Nakagawa, Kei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Portfolio Management (q-fin.PM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Optimal asset allocation is a key topic in modern finance theory. To realize the optimal asset allocation on investor's risk aversion, various portfolio construction methods have been proposed. Recently, the applications of machine learning are rapidly growing in the area of finance. In this article, we propose the Student's $t$-process latent variable model (TPLVM) to describe non-Gaussian fluctuations of financial timeseries by lower dimensional latent variables. Subsequently, we apply the TPLVM to minimum-variance portfolio as an alternative of existing nonlinear factor models. To test the performance of the proposed portfolio, we construct minimum-variance portfolios of global stock market indices based on the TPLVM or Gaussian process latent variable model. By comparing these portfolios, we confirm the proposed portfolio outperforms that of the existing Gaussian process latent variable model.
Additional file 1 of Drop jumps versus sled towing and their effects on repeated sprint ability in young basketball players
Creators: name: Zagatto, Alessandro M.
name: Claus, Gabriel M.
name: Dutra, Yago M.
name: de Poli, Rodrigo A.
name: Lopes, Vithor H. F.
name: Goodall, Stuart
name: Loturco, Irineu
name: Boullosa, Daniel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Material: Supplementary Table 1. Outcomes of optimal recovery interval related to conditioning activity drop jumps. Supplementary Table 2. Outcomes of optimal recovery interval related to conditioning activity heavy sled towing.
Increasing education, awareness, participation and effectiveness in composting on campus
Creators: name: Boyle, Ali
name: Elliott, Janice
name: Keating, Mary Ann
name: McIntyre, Christina
name: Stephens, Teya
name: White, Wendi
name: Zhang, Keith
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: UBC Waste Management (UBCWM) continues to struggle with promoting awareness of the composting program at UBC, as well as preventing contamination of the compost bins. Our report focused on the Student Union Building (SUB), as the SUB is a highly frequented area, and serves as a microcosm of the larger campus. This report attempts to address the reason for the issues surrounding composting, as well as provide some recommendations towards improving the current program, through investigating a paper towel composting program and devising more effective signage. Background research included previous AGSC 450 UBCFSP reports and the Sauder Social Marketing Plan for UBC Food Services. Our team visually assessed the composting bins and signs in the SUB, before holding a meeting with Nadine Stunzi of UBCWM. Focus groups were then conducted, to determine the current level of compost awareness, and discuss attributes of effective signs. To investigate existing paper towel composting programs, phone interviews were performed with four Canadian institutions. Research revealed that students are unaware of composting at UBC, and that current marketing tools to promote awareness are not effective. The main issues discussed in the focus groups were a lack of education and a need for clearer signs addressing contamination issues. Implementation of a paper towel composting program has been greatly successful at other institutions, but has potential to upset the carbon:nitrogen ratio of UBC compost if food waste does not increase correspondingly. Before food waste can be increased, it is critical to address the issue of contamination. This can be approached by adopting a uniform, invariable sign program at all food venues, possessing effective characteristics as identified by our focus groups. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Additional file 1 of Temporal expression profiling of DAMPs-related genes revealed the biphasic post-ischemic inflammation in the experimental stroke model
Creators: name: Yamaguchi, Atsushi
name: Jitsuishi, Tatsuya
name: Hozumi, Takashi
name: Iwanami, Jun
name: Kitajo, Keiko
name: Yamaguchi, Hiroo
name: Yasutake Mori
name: Mogi, Masaki
name: Setsu Sawai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Top up-regulated genes and GO biological processes at day 3, 7 (d3, d7) post-stroke. Figures S2-S4. The results of qRT-PCR at each time point (control, day 1, 3, 7, 14, 28 post-stroke). Figure S5. Top down-regulated genes and GO biological processes at day 14 post-stroke. Figure S6. Semi-quantification of brain swelling and Iba1-stained cells. Figure S7. Temporal expression profiling for Neuroinflammation-related genes. Figure S8. DAMPs-related molecules in RNA-seq data of rat tMCAO model (BMC Genomics (2018) 19:655).
Euler structures, the variety of representations and the Milnor-Turaev torsion
Creators: name: Burghelea, Dan
name: Haller, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R20, 58J52

description: In this paper we extend and Poincare dualize the concept of Euler structures, introduced by Turaev for manifolds with vanishing Euler-Poincare characteristic, to arbitrary manifolds. We use the Poincare dual concept, co-Euler structures, to remove all geometric ambiguities from the Ray-Singer torsion by providing a slightly modified object which is a topological invariant. We show that when the co-Euler structure is integral then the modified Ray-Singer torsion when regarded as a function on the variety of generically acyclic complex representations of the fundamental group of the manifold is the absolute value of a rational function which we call in this paper the Milnor-Turaev torsion.
description: This is the version published by Geometry & Topology on 16 September 2006
Using smartphones as hydrophones: two experiments in underwater acoustics
Creators: name: Monteiro, Martin
name: Marti, Arturo C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During the last years, it has become increasingly clear that smartphones are valuable tools to be used almost everywhere. Until recently, a place that still resisted smartphone onslaught was the aquatic media. However, nowadays, many modern smartphones are waterproof and the performance of their microphones results sufficiently adequate to employ them as hydrophones. This capability gives rise to several interesting applications. Here, we describe two experiments in underwater acoustics which require two smartphones -- at least one should be waterproof. The first experiment consists in a simple time-of-flight measurement of the sound speed in water and the comparison with the corresponding value in air. The second experiment deals with the acoustic location -- or ranging -- of a distant object by comparing the time it takes for the sound to reach the object travelling in two different media (air and water in this case) with known sound speed.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Serial Correlation, Periodicity and Scaling of Eigenmodes in an Emerging Market
Creators: name: Wilcox, Diane
name: Gebbie, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We investigate serial correlation, periodic, aperiodic and scaling behaviour of eigenmodes, i.e. daily price fluctuation time-series derived from eigenvectors, of correlation matrices of shares listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) from January 1993 to December 2002. Periodic, or calendar, components are detected by spectral analysis. We find that calendar effects are limited to eigenmodes which correspond to eigenvalues outside the Wishart range. Using a variance ratio test, we uncover serial correlation in the first eigenmodes and find slight negative serial correlation for eigenmodes within the Wishart range. Our spectral analysis and variance ratio investigations suggest that interpolating missing data or illiquid trading days with zero-order hold introduces high frequency noise and spurious serial correlation. Aperiodic and scaling behaviour of the eigenmodes are investigated by using rescaled-range (R/S) methods and detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA). We find that DFA and classic and modified R/S exponents suggest the presence of long-term memory effects in the first five eigenmodes.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures. Added section on Variance Ratios, extended discussion with added reference
WSN simulators evaluation: an approach focusing on energy awareness
Creators: name: Bakni, Michel
name: Chacón, Luis Manuel Moreno
name: Cardinale, Yudith
name: Terrasson, Guillaume
name: Curea, Octavian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The large number of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) simulators available nowadays, differ in their design, goals, and characteristics. Users who have to decide which simulator is the most appropriate for their particular requirements, are today lost, faced with a panoply of disparate and diverse simulators. Hence, it is obvious the need for establishing guidelines that support users in the tasks of selecting a simulator to suit their preferences and needs. In previous works, we proposed a generic and novel approach to evaluate networks simulators, considering a methodological process and a set of qualitative and quantitative criteria. In particularly, for WSN simulators, the criteria include relevant aspects for this kind of networks, such as energy consumption modelling and scalability capacity. The aims of this work are: (i) describe deeply the criteria related to WSN aspects; (ii) extend and update the state of the art of WSN simulators elaborated in our previous works to identify the most used and cited in scientific articles; and (iii) demonstrate the suitability of our novel methodological approach by evaluating and comparing the three most cited simulators, specially in terms of energy modelling and scalability capacities. Results show that our proposed approach provides researchers with an evaluation tool that can be used to describe and compare WSN simulators in order to select the most appropriate one for a given scenario
description: 20 Pages
Resistance of superconducting nanowires connected to normal metal leads
Creators: name: Boogaard, G. R.
name: Verbruggen, A. H.
name: Belzig, W.
name: Klapwijk, T. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study experimentally the low temperature resistance of superconducting nanowires connected to normal metal reservoirs. We find that a substantial fraction of the nanowires is resistive, down to the lowest temperature measured, indicative of an intrinsic boundary resistance due to the Andreev-conversion of normal current to supercurrent. The results are successfully analyzed in terms of the kinetic equations for diffusive superconductors.
Worldline influence functional : Abraham-Lorentz-Dirac-Langevin equation from QED
Creators: name: Johnson, Philip
name: Hu, B.L.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: We present a stochastic theory of charges moving in an electromagnetic field using nonequilibrium quantum field theory. We give a first principles’ derivation of the Abraham-Lorentz-Dirac-Langevin equation which depicts the quantum expectation value for a particle’s trajectory and its stochastic fluctuations by combining the worldline path integral quantization with the Feynman-Vernon influence functional or closed-time-path effective action methods [1, 2]. At lowest order, the equations of motion are approximated by a stochastic Lorentz-Dirac equation.
Additional file 1 of Association between obstructive sleep apnea and venous thromboembolism recurrence: results from a French cohort
Creators: name: Nepveu, Olivier
name: Orione, Charles
name: Tromeur, Cécile
name: Fauché, Alexandre
name: L’heveder, Cecile
name: Guegan, Marie
name: Lemarié, Catherine
name: Jimenez, David
name: Leroyer, Christophe
name: Lacut, Karine
name: Couturaud, Francis
name: Le Mao, Raphael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy
Hematology

description: Additional file 1: eTable 1. Risk factor for recurrent VTE with OSA pooled.
Extracellular plymeric substance (EPS)-degrading enzymes reduce staphylococcal surface attachment and biocide resistance on pig skin in vivo
Creators: name: Kaplan, Jeffrey B.
name: Mlynek, Kevin D.
name: Hettiarachchi, Hashani
name: Alamneh, Yonas A.
name: Biggemann, Lionel
name: Zurawski, Daniel V.
name: Black, Chad C.
name: Bane, Charles E.
name: Kim, Robert K.
name: Granick, Mark S.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Description to be added
A Geometric Theory of Diblock Copolymer Phases
Creators: name: Grason, G. M.
name: DiDonna, B. A.
name: Kamien, R. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the energetics of sphere-like micellar phases in diblock copolymers in terms of well-studied, geometric quantities for their lattices. We argue that the A15 lattice with Pm3n symmetry should be favored as the blocks become more symmetric and corroborate this through a self-consistent field theory. Because phases with columnar or bicontinuous topologies intervene, the A15 phase, though metastable, is not an equilibrium phase of symmetric diblocks. We investigate the phase diagram of branched diblocks and find thatthe A15 phase is stable.
description: 4 pages, RevTeX, 3 eps figures included
Additional file 1 of Choice architecture interventions to change physical activity and sedentary behavior: a systematic review of effects on intention, behavior and health outcomes during and after intervention
Creators: name: Landais, Lorraine L.
name: Damman, Olga C.
name: Schoonmade, Linda J.
name: Timmermans, Danielle R. M.
name: Verhagen, Evert A. L. M.
name: Jelsma, Judith G. M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Search strategy for PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO and the Cochrane Library.
Extracellular plymeric substance (EPS)-degrading enzymes reduce staphylococcal surface attachment and biocide resistance on pig skin in vivo
Creators: name: Kaplan, Jeffrey B.
name: Mlynek, Kevin D.
name: Hettiarachchi, Hashani
name: Alamneh, Yonas A.
name: Biggemann, Lionel
name: Zurawski, Daniel V.
name: Black, Chad C.
name: Bane, Charles E.
name: Kim, Robert K.
name: Granick, Mark S.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Description to be added
Silicon Sensors for Future Particle Trackers
Creators: name: Cartiglia, N.
name: Arcidiacono, R.
name: Borghi, G.
name: Boscardin, M.
name: Costa, M.
name: Galloway, Z.
name: Fausti, F.
name: Ferrero, M.
name: Ficorella, F.
name: Mandurrino, M.
name: Mazza, S.
name: Olave, E. J.
name: Paternoster, G.
name: Siviero, F.
name: Sadrozinski, H. F-W.
name: Sola, V.
name: Staiano, A.
name: Seiden, A.
name: Tornago, M.
name: Zhao, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several future high-energy physics facilities are currently being planned. The proposed projects include high energy $e^+ e^-$ circular and linear colliders, hadron colliders and muon colliders, while the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) has already been approved for construction at the Brookhaven National Laboratory. Each proposal has its own advantages and disadvantages in term of readiness, cost, schedule and physics reach, and each proposal requires the design and production of specific new detectors. This paper first presents the performances required to the future silicon tracking systems at the various new facilities, and then it illustrates a few possibilities for the realization of such silicon trackers. The challenges posed by the future facilities require a new family of silicon detectors, where features such as impact ionization, radiation damage saturation, charge sharing, and analog readout are exploited to meet these new demands.
Bibionellus barrettoi Lane & Forattini 1948
Creators: name: Falaschi, Rafaela Lopes
name: Oliveira, Sarah Siqueira
name: Lamas, Carlos José Einicker
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Bibionidae
Bibionellus
Bibionellus barrettoi

description: Bibionellus barrettoi Lane & Forattini, 1948 (Figs. 1‑2)
Lane & Forattini, 1948: 569 (original description), figs. 1-2 (male genitalia). Ref. Hardy, 1953: 344 (identification key).
 Type locality: Brazil, Goiás, Corumbá de Goiás.
 Holotype ♂ with labels: (1) printed on pink paper: “HOLOTIPO”; (2) handwritten on white paper: “XI.45 [xi.1945] | Goiaz [Goiás] | Corumbá [Corumbá de Goiás] | Barretto col.”; (3) printed with handwritten inscriptions on white paper:“ Bibionellus | barrettoi | det. John Foratini Lane 1948 ”.
description: Published as part of Falaschi, Rafaela Lopes, Oliveira, Sarah Siqueira & Lamas, Carlos José Einicker, 2018, Catalogue of Bibionidae (Diptera: Bibionomorpha) types housed in the collection of the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, pp. 1-5 in Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 58 on page 3, DOI: 10.11606/1807-0205/2018.58.27, http://zenodo.org/record/4637303
Sign-tracking predicts increased choice of cocaine over food in rats
Creators: name: Tunstall, Brendan J.
Publisher: name: National Institute of Health
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the tendency to sign-track to a food cue was predictive of rats’ choice of cocaine over food. First, rats were trained on a procedure where insertion of a retractable lever was paired with food. A sub-group of rats – sign-trackers – primarily approached and contacted the lever, while another subgroup – goal-trackers – approached the site of food delivery. Rats were then trained on a choice task where they could choose between an infusion of cocaine (1.0 mg/kg) and a food pellet (45 mg). Sign-trackers chose cocaine over food significantly more often than did goal-trackers. These results support the incentive-salience theory of addiction and add to a growing number of studies which suggest that sign-trackers may model an addiction-prone phenotype.
Coronal Dimming as a Proxy for Stellar Coronal Mass Ejections
Creators: name: Jin, Meng
name: Cheung, Mark C. M.
name: DeRosa, Marc L.
name: Nitta, Nariaki V.
name: Schrijver, Carolus J.
name: France, Kevin
name: Kowalski, Adam
name: Mason, James P.
name: Osten, Rachel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solar coronal dimmings have been observed extensively in the past two decades and are believed to have close association with coronal mass ejections (CMEs). Recent study found that coronal dimming is the only signature that could differentiate powerful ares that have CMEs from those that do not. Therefore, dimming might be one of the best candidates to observe the stellar CMEs on distant Sun-like stars. In this study, we investigate the possibility of using coronal dimming as a proxy to diagnose stellar CMEs. By simulating a realistic solar CME event and corresponding coronal dimming using a global magnetohydrodynamics model (AWSoM: Alfven-wave Solar Model), we first demonstrate the capability of the model to reproduce solar observations. We then extend the model for simulating stellar CMEs by modifying the input magnetic flux density as well as the initial magnetic energy of the CME flux rope. Our result suggests that with improved instrument sensitivity, it is possible to detect the coronal dimming signals induced by the stellar CMEs.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, to appear in the Proceedings of IAU Symposium No. 354 - Solar and Stellar Magnetic Fields: Origins and Manifestations
Forces between elongated particles in a nematic colloid
Creators: name: Andrienko, D.
name: Tasinkevych, M.
name: Patricio, P.
name: Allen, M. P.
name: da Gama, M. M. Telo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations we study the interactions between elongated colloidal particles (length to breath ratio > 1) in a nematic host. The simulation results are compared to the results of a Landau-de Gennes elastic free energy. We find that depletion forces dominate for the sizes of the colloidal particles studied. The tangential component of the force, however, allows us to resolve the elastic contribution to the total interaction. We find that this contribution differs from the quadrupolar interaction predicted at large separations. The difference is due to the presence of nonlinear effects, namely th e change in the positions and structure of the defects and their annihilation at small separations.
Additional file 2 of Association between obstructive sleep apnea and venous thromboembolism recurrence: results from a French cohort
Creators: name: Nepveu, Olivier
name: Orione, Charles
name: Tromeur, Cécile
name: Fauché, Alexandre
name: L’heveder, Cecile
name: Guegan, Marie
name: Lemarié, Catherine
name: Jimenez, David
name: Leroyer, Christophe
name: Lacut, Karine
name: Couturaud, Francis
name: Le Mao, Raphael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy
Hematology

description: Additional file 2: eTable 2. Risk factors associated with mortality.
Emergence of Conduction Channels in Lithium Silicate
Creators: name: Lammert, H.
name: Heuer, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of conduction channels in lithium silicate (Li_2O)(SiO_2) is investigated. Regions of the system where many different ions pass by form channels and are thus spatially correlated. For a closer analysis the properties of the individual ionic sites are elucidated. The mobility of ions in single sites is found to depend strongly on the number of bridging oxygens in the coordination shell. The channels are not reflected in the network structure as obtained from the distribution of the bridging oxygens. Spatial correlations similar to those found in the silicate also emerge from studying the dynamics of particles in a simple random lattice model. This supports the suggestion that the observed spatial correlations can be viewed in analogy to the emergence of percolation paths.
description: 5 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. B
Indoor Distance Estimation using LSTMs over WLAN Network
Creators: name: Sankhe, Pranav
name: Azim, Saqib
name: Goyal, Sachin
name: Choudhary, Tanya
name: Appaiah, Kumar
name: Srikant, Sukumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) like GPS suffer from accuracy degradation and are almost unavailable in indoor environments. Indoor positioning systems (IPS) based on WiFi signals have been gaining popularity. However, owing to the strong spatial and temporal variations of wireless communication channels in the indoor environment, the achieved accuracy of existing IPS is around several tens of centimeters. We present the detailed design and implementation of a self-adaptive WiFi-based indoor distance estimation system using LSTMs. The system is novel in its method of estimating with high accuracy the distance of an object by overcoming possible causes of channel variations and is self-adaptive to the changing environmental and surrounding conditions. The proposed design has been developed and physically realized over a WiFi network consisting of ESP8266 (NodeMCU) devices. The experiment were conducted in a real indoor environment while changing the surroundings in order to establish the adaptability of the system. We introduce and compare different architectures for this task based on LSTMs, CNNs, and fully connected networks (FCNs). We show that the LSTM based model performs better among all the above-mentioned architectures by achieving an accuracy of 5.85 cm with a confidence interval of 93% on the scale of (4.14 m * 2.86 m). To the best of our knowledge, the proposed method outperforms other methods reported in the literature by a significant margin.
description: Published in IEEE 16th Workshop on Positioning, Navigation and Communications (WPNC 2019, Germany)
title: The Psychology of Vehicle Performance: Implications for the Uptake of Electric Vehicles
Creators: name: Skippon, Stephen Mark
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2014

description: Road transport accounts for around 16% of global CO2 emissions, and electric vehicles (EVs) represent a potential mitigation route. High performance might offset the disadvantages of higher cost and short range that make their uptake problematic. This research investigated how consumer drivers construe, perceive and value vehicle performance. Research with UK drivers, using the repertory grid method, found that drivers construe vehicle performance as having two independent dimensions, dynamic and cruising performance. A new inter-goal dynamics and feedback control model of driving behaviour was developed to account for differences in the opportunities afforded to perceive vehicle performance in naturalistic driving. This was embedded in a Bayesian model for perception of available vehicle performance. Driving simulation and test track experiments with UK drivers found that: driving behaviour was strongly affected by goal activation; drivers could perceive performance differences in naturalistic driving, but only if they were large; the lowest perceptual difference threshold, for mid-range available vehicle acceleration, was 7.7%; smaller differences could affect driving behaviour (overtaking) through a process of implicit learning. The symbolic value of products is conferred by their symbolic meanings. Two new methods were developed to quantify symbolic meanings, grounded in costly signalling theory, which represents them in terms of personality traits of a typical user. The symbolic meanings of car types, performance attributes and driving styles were all measured. In a randomised controlled trial, UK consumer drivers rated an EV better on dynamic and cruising performance than a conventional ICE control, but this benefit was insufficient to outweigh the disadvantages. The symbolic meaning of an EV was found to be consistent with cruising performance, but inconsistent with dynamic performance. Extended-range EVs would have the dynamic and cruising performance benefits of EVs without the range disadvantages, and may be a desirable option for many once costs reduce.
The CLEO-c Research Program
Creators: name: Stoeck, Holger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In spring 2003, the B physics era ended for the CLEO experiment with a final run at the Y(5S) resonance. Over the summer the experiment and the CESR accelerator were modified to operate at lower center-of-mass energies between 3 and 5 GeV. In September 2003 the CLEO-c detector has begun to take its first data at the psi(3770) resonance, with which a new era for the exploration of the charmonium sector begins. The CLEO-c research program presented here will include studies of leptonic, semileptonic and hadronic charm decays, searches for exotic, gluonic matter and test for new physics beyond the Standard Model.
description: October 2003, 10 pages, To appear in the proceedings of 10th International Conference on Hadron Spectroscopy (HADRON'03), Aschaffenburg, Germany, 31 August - 6 September 2003
Additional file 3 of Association between obstructive sleep apnea and venous thromboembolism recurrence: results from a French cohort
Creators: name: Nepveu, Olivier
name: Orione, Charles
name: Tromeur, Cécile
name: Fauché, Alexandre
name: L’heveder, Cecile
name: Guegan, Marie
name: Lemarié, Catherine
name: Jimenez, David
name: Leroyer, Christophe
name: Lacut, Karine
name: Couturaud, Francis
name: Le Mao, Raphael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy
Hematology

description: Additional file 3: eTable 3. Risk factors associated with mortality with OSA pooled.
Flavalona Sinev & Dumont 2016
Creators: name: Sousa, Francisco Diogo Rocha
name: Elmoor-Loureiro, Lourdes Maria Abdu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Branchiopoda
Diplostraca
Eurycercidae
Flavalona

description: Key to species of Flavalona
  1a Two main head pores....................................................................................................... Flavalona asymmetrica Sousa & Elmoor-Loureiro,2018
 1b Three main head pores.........................................................................2
  2a Main head pores with narrow connection........................................................................................... Flavalona iheringula (Kotov & Sinev,2004)
  2b Main head pores with wide connection....................................................... Flavalona margipluma (Sousa,Santos,Güntzel,Diniz,Melo-Júnior & Elmoor-Loureiro,2015)
description: Published as part of Sousa, Francisco Diogo Rocha & Elmoor-Loureiro, Lourdes Maria Abdu, 2019, Identification key for the Brazilian genera and species of Aloninae (Crustacea, Branchiopoda, Anomopoda, Chydoridae), pp. 1-16 in Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 59 on page 11, DOI: 10.11606/1807-0205/2019.59.24, http://zenodo.org/record/4637337
title: Developing a Whole-Life Value Model for the Irish National Road Network
Creators: name: Buckland, Thomas
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2015

description: Planning of road maintenance helps to spend available budgets efficiently and aims to keep the network in a safe and useable condition for road users. Road pavement maintenance models have traditionally excluded externalities as part of quantitative assessments of maintenance options. However, road maintenance affects wider society and therefore any maintenance decisions should integrate externalities into the decisions and tools that are used to generate maintenance programmes. This thesis investigates how externalities of carbon and noise emissions from maintenance can be included in a pavement maintenance model and the associated impacts on developing a maintenance programme. Pavement maintenance models were studied and it showed that there is a general omission of externalities within the core of the models. A review of externalities (with an emphasis on environmental externalities) demonstrated that road authorities do have policies to take account of externalities but often in a qualitative assessment and often only at a project level, not at a strategic level. This research developed a whole-life cost model into which novel methodologies for modelling carbon and noise were included, with the methodologies developed so that they can be used in other pavement management systems. The result was a model that took account of a wider range of value parameters as part of the economic analysis. Two in-depth case studies were completed to investigate the impact that the methodologies had on a road network. Using current government prices for carbon and noise, noise had a significantly greater impact on the resulting maintenance programme. Sensitivity analysis showed that the resulting maintenance programmes were a lot less sensitive to changes in the price of carbon, although both parameters did lead to changes in the resulting maintenance programme, especially when specific environmentally focused maintenance options were included as treatments.
Totem Park : incorporating more and increasing support for BC local and seasonal items into UBC Food Service Residence cafeterias
Creators: name: Chebaya, Rasha
name: Dalton, Jill
name: Gruner, Danny
name: Lai, Serena
name: Passmore, Andrea
name: Tang, Jenny
name: Yau, Angela
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Sign-tracking predicts increased choice of cocaine over food in rats
Creators: name: Tunstall, Brendan J.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the tendency to sign-track to a food cue was predictive of rats’ choice of cocaine over food. First, rats were trained on a procedure where insertion of a retractable lever was paired with food. A sub-group of rats – sign-trackers – primarily approached and contacted the lever, while another subgroup – goal-trackers – approached the site of food delivery. Rats were then trained on a choice task where they could choose between an infusion of cocaine (1.0 mg/kg) and a food pellet (45 mg). Sign-trackers chose cocaine over food significantly more often than did goal-trackers. These results support the incentive-salience theory of addiction and add to a growing number of studies which suggest that sign-trackers may model an addiction-prone phenotype.