cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Palmyra. Apologie der Pluralität
Creators: name: Krebs, Marie Theres
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Kulturelle Erbe
subject: "Palmyra"
subject: Denkmalpflege
subject: Denkmalsturz
subject: historical monuments
subject: "Palmyra"
subject: cultural heritage
subject: destruction of historical monuments

description: Die mutwillige Zerstörung antiker Monumente der Ruinenstadt Palmyra durch die Terrormiliz Islamischer Staat im Jahr 2015 wurde in dieser Arbeit kritisch beleuchtet. Es wurde untersucht, welche gesellschaftliche Bedeutung das „kulturelle Erbe“ in der heutigen Zeit einnimmt und weshalb es zu politischen-kämpferischen Zwecken instrumentalisiert wird. Die Funktionen des Denkmalsturzes und der Damnatio memoriae wurden als geschichtlich wiederkehrende Phänomene aufgezeigt und hinsichtlich ihrer politischen sowie gesellschaftlichen Auswirkung betrachtet. Ein besonderer Fokus liegt auf der historischen Untersuchung der Symbolgeschichte Palmyras, vor dessen Hintergrund der Denkmalsturz – genauso wie der geforderte Wiederaufbau – im Folgenden diskutiert wird. Weiter wird die baugeschichtliche Entwicklung der Ruinenstadt anhand archäologischer Befunde untersucht und in einem weiteren Schritt in Form von Schwarzplänen dargestellt. Mit dieser architektonischen Darstellungsweise wird die Historie objektiv abgebildet und in ein wertneutrales Narrativ überführt. Auf dieser Grundlage können Entwicklungskonzepte und Denkmalschutzstrategien für Palmyra erarbeitet werden.
description: This work critically examines the willful destruction of ancient monuments in the ruin city Palmyra by the terror militia ISIS in 2015. It analyzes the social meaning of the „cultural heritage“ nowadays and it´s instrumentalization for political-militant purposes. The function of grade falls as well as the damnatio memoriae is being pointed out as recurring phenomenas and their political and social impact will be analyzed. The historic examination of Palmyras symbolic history will be discussed in the following, focusing on the grade falls´ background as well as the requested reconstruction. Furthermore the ruin citys architectural development will be inspected by means of ancient findings and then depicted in the shape of black plans. This architectural representation helps to picture the history objectively and to transfer it into a value-neutral narrative. On this basis concepts for Palmyras monumental protection can be developed.
The internal dynamical equilibrium of HII regions: a statistical study
Creators: name: Relano, M.
name: Beckman, J. E.
name: Zurita, A.
name: Rozas, M.
name: Giammanco, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of the integrated Halpha emission line profiles for the HII region population of the spiral galaxies NGC 1530, NGC 6951 and NGC 3359. We show that 70% of the line profiles show two or three Gaussian components. The relations between the Halpha luminosity and non-thermal line width for the HII regions of the three galaxies are studied and compared with the relation found taken all the HII regions of the three galaxies as a single distribution. A clearer envelope in non-thermal line width is found when only those HII regions with non-thermal line width bigger than 13kms are considered. The linear fit for the envelope is logL=36.8+2.0*log(sigma). The masses of the HII regions on the envelope using the virial theorem and the mass estimates from the Halpha luminosity are comparable, which offers evidence that the HII regions on the envelope are virialized systems, while the remaining regions, the majority, are not in virial equilibrium.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures,accepted for publication in A&A
Phase-space analysis of the viscous fluid cosmological models in the coincident $f(Q)$ gravity
Creators: name: Rana, Dheeraj Singh
name: Solanki, Raja
name: Sahoo, P. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we consider a newly proposed parameterization of the viscosity coefficient $ζ$, specifically $ζ=\barζ_0 {Ω^s_m} H $, where $\barζ_0 = \frac{ζ_0}{Ω^s_{m_0}} $ within the coincident $f(Q)$ gravity formalism. We consider a non-linear function $f(Q)= -Q +αQ^n$, where $α$ and $n$ are arbitrary model parameters, which is a power-law correction to the STEGR scenario. We find an autonomous system by invoking the dimensionless density parameters as the governing phase-space variables. We discuss the physical significance of the model corresponding to the parameter choices $n=-1$ and $n=2$ along with the exponent choices $s=0, 0.5$, and $1.05$. We find that model I shows the stable de-Sitter type or stable phantom type (depending on the choice of exponent $s$) behavior with no transition epoch, whereas model II shows the evolutionary phase from the radiation epoch to the accelerated de-Sitter epoch via passing through the matter-dominated epoch. Hence, we conclude that model I provides a good description of the late-time cosmology but fails to describe the transition epoch, whereas model II modifies the description in the context of the early universe and provides a good description of the matter and radiation era along with the transition phase.
description: Physics of the Dark Universe accepted version
The importance of chain context in assessing small nucleotide variants in titin: in silico case study of the I10-I11 tandem and its arrhythmic right ventricular cardiomyopathy linked position T2580.
Creators: name: JR Fleming
name: DJ Rigden
name: O Mayans
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Non-synonymous small nucleotide variations (nsSNVs) in the giant muscle protein, titin, have key roles in the development of several myopathologies. Although there is considerable motive to screen at-risk individuals for nsSNVs, to identify patients in early disease stages while therapeutic intervention is still possible, the clinical significance of most titin variations remains unclear. Therefore, there is a growing need to establish methods to classify nsSNVs in a simple, economic and rapid manner. Due to its strong correlation to arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC), one particular mutation in titin – T2580I, located in the I10 immunoglobulin domain – has received considerable attention. Here, we use the I10-I11 tandem as a case study to explore the possible benefits of considering the titin chain context – i.e. domain interfaces – in the assessment of titin nsSNVs. Specifically, we investigate which exchanges mimic the conformational molecular phenotype of the T2580I mutation at the I10-I11 domain interface. Then, we computed a residue stability landscape for domains alone and in tandem to define a Domain Interface Score (DIS) which identifies several hotspot residues. Our findings suggest that the T2580 position is highly sensitive to exchange and that any variant found in this position should be considered with care. Furthermore, we conclude that the consideration of the higher order structure of the titin chain is important to gain accurate insights into the vulnerability of positions in linker regions and that titin nsSNV prediction benefits from a contextual analysis.
DEVELOPMENT PROBLEMS OF RETAIL FINANCIAL SERVICES IN UZBEKISTAN
Creators: name: Komilovich, Salaev Sanatbek
name: Ozodovich, Abdullaev Farkhod
name: Komilovich, Salaev Sanatbek
name: Ozodovich, Abdullaev Farkhod
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: retail financial services
subject: retail lending
subject: interest rate

description: The paper aims to analyse the development of retail financial services in conditions of government intervention. It is argued that excessive state control of the market for retail financial services is needed in times of crisis and increased moral hazard occurrence but is not effective in the long term. Development could be achieved by expanding privatization in the banking sector and permitting the sector to function freely according to market rules.
Extended Japanese Commonsense Morality Dataset with Masked Token and Label Enhancement
Creators: name: Ohashi, Takumi
name: Nakagawa, Tsubasa
name: Iyatomi, Hitoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have made it crucial to integrate moral reasoning into AI systems. However, existing models and datasets often overlook regional and cultural differences. To address this shortcoming, we have expanded the JCommonsenseMorality (JCM) dataset, the only publicly available dataset focused on Japanese morality. The Extended JCM (eJCM) has grown from the original 13,975 sentences to 31,184 sentences using our proposed sentence expansion method called Masked Token and Label Enhancement (MTLE). MTLE selectively masks important parts of sentences related to moral judgment and replaces them with alternative expressions generated by a large language model (LLM), while re-assigning appropriate labels. The model trained using our eJCM achieved an F1 score of 0.857, higher than the scores for the original JCM (0.837), ChatGPT one-shot classification (0.841), and data augmented using AugGPT, a state-of-the-art augmentation method (0.850). Specifically, in complex moral reasoning tasks unique to Japanese culture, the model trained with eJCM showed a significant improvement in performance (increasing from 0.681 to 0.756) and achieved a performance close to that of GPT-4 Turbo (0.787). These results demonstrate the validity of the eJCM dataset and the importance of developing models and datasets that consider the cultural context.
X-ray diffraction peak profiles from threading dislocations in GaN epitaxial films
Creators: name: Kaganer, V. M.
name: Brandt, O.
name: Trampert, A.
name: Ploog, K. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the lineshape of x-ray diffraction profiles of GaN epitaxial layers with large densities of randomly distributed threading dislocations. The peaks are Gaussian only in the central, most intense part of the peak, while the tails obey a power law. The $q^{-3}$ decay typical for random dislocations is observed in double-crystal rocking curves. The entire profile is well fitted by a restricted random dislocation distribution. The densities of both edge and screw threading dislocations and the ranges of dislocation correlations are obtained.
Edge photocurrent driven by THz electric field in bi-layer graphene
Creators: name: Candussio, S.
name: Durnev, M. V.
name: Tarasenko, S. A.
name: Yin, J.
name: Keil, J.
name: Yang, Y.
name: Son, S. -K.
name: Mishchenko, A.
name: Plank, H.
name: Bel'kov, V. V.
name: Slizovskiy, S.
name: Fal'ko, V.
name: Ganichev, S. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the observation of edge electric currents excited in bi-layer graphene by terahertz laser radiation. We show that the current generation belongs to the class of second order in electric field phenomena and is controlled by the orientation of the THz electric field polarization plane. Additionally, applying a small magnetic field normal to the graphene plane leads to a phase shift in the polarization dependence. Increasing the magnetic field strength, the current starts to exhibit 1/B-magnetooscillations with a period consistent with that of the Shubnikov-de-Haas effect and amplitude by an order of magnitude larger as compared to the current at zero magnetic field measured under the same conditions. The microscopic theory developed shows that the current is formed in the edges vicinity limited by the mean-free path of carriers and the screening length of the high-frequency electric field. The current originates from the alignment of the free carrier momenta and dynamic accumulation of charge at the edges, where the P-symmetry is naturally broken. The observed magnetooscillations of the photocurrent are attributed to the formation of Landau levels.
ZMIANY GLOBALNYCH ŁAŃCUCHÓW WARTOŚCI W SEKTORZE ROLNO-SPOŻYWCZYM
Creators: name: Kraciuk, Jakub
name: Piekutowska, Agnieszka
name: Kraciuk, Jakub
name: Piekutowska, Agnieszka
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: value chain
subject: agri-food sector

description: The aim of the study was to show the essence of global value chains and their relocation internationally. The changes taking place in the agri-food industry are shown, consisting primarily on acquisitions of many links of these chains by multinational corporations and strengthening by multinational corporations their position on the international market. That is the reason why those entities become main beneficiaries of the processes taking place in the global economy. The losers of these processes are primarily smallholders from the south and plantation workers, who are the weakest links in the value chain.
New results for virial coefficients of hard spheres in D dimensions
Creators: name: Clisby, Nathan
name: McCoy, Barry M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new results for the virial coefficients B_k with k <= 10 for hard spheres in dimensions D=2,...,8.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, to appear in conference proceedings of STATPHYS 2004 in Pramana - Journal of Physics
POMOC PUBLICZNA UDZIELONA ROLNIKOM POMORZA ŚRODKOWEGO W NASTĘPSTWIE WYSTĄPIENIA KLĘSK ŻYWIOŁOWYCH
Creators: name: Kurdyś-Kujawska, Agnieszka
name: Kurdyś-Kujawska, Agnieszka
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: farm
subject: natural disasters
subject: public aid
subject: credit disaster
subject: subsidised agricultural insurance
subject: PROW

description: The aim of the study was to determine the scope of public aid received by farmers from middle Pomerania affected by natural disasters. The study involved 256 owners and managers holdings, and the time range covered the years 2004-2012. A high risk of agricultural activity resulting from the variables climatic conditions and ineffectiveness in prevention and combating that risk makes it necessary to activate the different forms of aid from the measures the state budget. Public aid is addressed to farmers who suffered injury in agricultural holdings as a result of natural disasters. Owners of agricultural holdings from middle Pomerania to the fullest extent have benefited from compensation to premiums to insure agricultural crops and livestock. Farmers have shown little interest in the use of measures under the programme of the RDP 2007-2013, action 126.
Ultraviolet cascade in the thermalization of the classical phi^4 theory in 3+1 dimensions
Creators: name: Destri, C.
name: de Vega, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dynamics of thermalization and the approach to equilibrium in the classical phi^4 theory in 3+1 spacetime dimensions. The non-equilibrium dynamics is studied by numerically solving the equations of motion in a light- cone-like discretization of the model for a broad range of initial conditions and energy densities.A smooth cascade of energy towards the ultraviolet is found to be the basic mechanism of thermalization.After an initial transient stage,at a time scale of several hundreds inverse masses,the squared of the field gradient becomes larger than the nonlinear term and a stage of universal cascade emerges. As the cascade progresses, the modes with higher wavenumbers exhibit weaker and weaker nonlinearities well described by the Hartree approximation while the infrared modes retain strong selfinteractions. Two timescales for equilibration appears.For k^2>(t) we observe an effective thermalization with a time scale in the thousands of inverse masses and the Hartree approximation holds. By effective thermalization we mean that the observable acquires the equilibrium functional form with an effective time dependent temperature Teff, which slowly decreases with time. Infrared modes with k^2 < (t) equilibrate only by time scales in the millions of inverse masses. Infrared modes with k^2 < (t) equilibrate only by time scales in the millions.Virialization and the equation of state start to set much earlier than effective thermalization.The applicability of these results in quantum field theory for large occupation numbers and small coupling is analyzed.
description: 47 pages, 31 figures. Presentation improved, 4 new figures
Superspreaders and High Variance Infectious Diseases
Creators: name: Oz, Yaron
name: Rubinstein, Ittai
name: Safra, Muli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A well-known characteristic of pandemics such as COVID-19 is the high level of transmission heterogeneity in the infection spread: not all infected individuals spread the disease at the same rate and some individuals (superspreaders) are responsible for most of the infections. To quantify this phenomenon requires the analysis of the effect of the variance and higher moments of the infection distribution. Working in the framework of stochastic branching processes, we derive an approximate analytical formula for the probability of an outbreak in the high variance regime of the infection distribution, verify it numerically and analyze its regime of validity in various examples. We show that it is possible for an outbreak not to occur in the high variance regime even when the basic reproduction number $R_0$ is larger than one and discuss the implications of our results for COVID-19 and other pandemics.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
ROLA INTEGRACJI POZIOMEJ W OGRANICZANIU WYSTĘPOWANIA RYZYKA PRODUKCYJNEGO W KONTEKŚCIE REFORMY WSPÓLNEJ POLITYKI ROLNEJ – ASPEKTY PRAWNE I EKONOMICZNE
Creators: name: Lipińska, Izabela
name: Lipińska, Izabela
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: horizontal integration
subject: production risk
subject: legal instruments of risk management
subject: common agricultural policy
subject: food security

description: The paper aims to analyze the article concerns the aspects of horizontal integration in the scope of the risk limitation in the agricultural production. The producers’ cooperation strengthen their market’s position. Such a commercial structure allows the implementation of risk management methods, which are not accessible for single producers. The horizontal integration in Poland is not ample. Thus it is necessary to implement some legal instruments to improve the integration. The farmers should be convinced to cooperate and one of the main incentive should be the financial support. The effective and common risk’s stimulation seems to be necessary.
Free-floating "planets'' in the macrolensed quasar Q2237+0305
Creators: name: Tuntsov, Artem
name: Lewis, Geraint
name: Walker, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been claimed that the variability of field quasars resembles gravitational lensing by a large cosmological population of free-floating planets with mass of about 10 Earths. But Galactic photometric monitoring experiments, on the other hand, exclude a large population of such planetary-mass gravitational lenses. These apparently contradictory pieces of evidence can be reconciled if the objects under consideration have a mean column-density that lies between the critical column-densities for gravitational lensing in these two contexts. Dark matter in that form is known to be weakly collisional, so that a core develops in galaxy halo density profiles, and a preferred model has already been established. Here we consider what such a model implies for Q2237+0305, which is the best-studied example of a quasar that is strongly lensed by an intervening galaxy. We construct microlensing magnification maps appropriate to the four macro-images of the quasar -- all of which are seen through the bulge of the galaxy. Each of these maps exhibits a caustic network arising from the stars, plus many small, isolated caustics arising from the free-floating "planets" in the lens galaxy. The "planets" have little influence on the magnification histograms but a large effect on the statistics of the magnification gradients. We compare our predictions to the published OGLE photometry of Q2237+0305 and find that these data are consistent with the presence of the hypothetical "planets". However, the evidence is relatively weak because the OGLE dataset is not well suited to testing our predictions and requires low-pass filtering for this application. New data from a large, space-based telescope are desirable to address this issue.
description: v2: added DOI, updated references, published in MNRAS as accepted manuscript
Density wave and supersolid phases of correlated bosons in an optical lattice
Creators: name: Kovrizhin, Dmitry L.
name: Pai, G. Venketeswara
name: Sinha, Subhasis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the recent experiment on the Bose-Einstein condensation of $^{52}$Cr atoms with long-range dipolar interactions (Werner J. et al., Phys. Rev. Lett., 94 (2005) 183201), we consider a system of bosons with repulsive nearest and next-nearest neighbor interactions in an optical lattice. The ground state phase diagram, calculated using the Gutzwiller ansatz, shows, apart from the superfluid (SF) and the Mott insulator (MI), two modulated phases, \textit{i.e.}, the charge density wave (CDW) and the supersolid (SS). Excitation spectra are also calculated which show a gap in the insulators, gapless, phonon mode in the superfluid and the supersolid, and a mode softening of superfluid excitations in the vicinity of the modulated phases. We discuss the possibility of observing these phases in cold dipolar atoms and propose experiments to detect them.
Designing for Appropriate Reliance: The Roles of AI Uncertainty Presentation, Initial User Decision, and User Demographics in AI-Assisted Decision-Making
Creators: name: Cao, Shiye
name: Liu, Anqi
name: Huang, Chien-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Appropriate reliance is critical to achieving synergistic human-AI collaboration. For instance, when users over-rely on AI assistance, their human-AI team performance is bounded by the model's capability. This work studies how the presentation of model uncertainty may steer users' decision-making toward fostering appropriate reliance. Our results demonstrate that showing the calibrated model uncertainty alone is inadequate. Rather, calibrating model uncertainty and presenting it in a frequency format allow users to adjust their reliance accordingly and help reduce the effect of confirmation bias on their decisions. Furthermore, the critical nature of our skin cancer screening task skews participants' judgment, causing their reliance to vary depending on their initial decision. Additionally, step-wise multiple regression analyses revealed how user demographics such as age and familiarity with probability and statistics influence human-AI collaborative decision-making. We discuss the potential for model uncertainty presentation, initial user decision, and user demographics to be incorporated in designing personalized AI aids for appropriate reliance.
description: Accepted to CSCW2024
Current bombardment of the Earth-Moon system : emphasis on cratering asymmetries
Creators: name: Gallant, John
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: We calculate the current spatial distribution of projectile delivery to the Earth and Moon using numerical orbital dynamics simulations of candidate impactors drawn from a debiased Near-Earth-Object (NEO) model. Surprisingly, we find that the average lunar impact velocity is 20 km/s, which has ramifications in converting observed crater densities to impactor size distributions. We determine that current crater production on the leading hemisphere of the Moon is 1.29 ± 0.01 that of the trailing when considering the ratio of craters within 30° of the apex to those within 30° of the antapex and that there is virtually no nearside-farside asymmetry. As expected, the degree of leading-trailing asymmetry increases when the Moon’s orbital distance is decreased. We examine the latitude distribution of impactor sites and find that for both the Earth and Moon there is a small deficiency of time-averaged impact rates at the poles. The ratio between deliveries within 30° of the pole to that of a 30° band centered on the equator is nearly unity for Earth (< 1%)(0.992 ± 0.001) but detectably non-uniform for the Moon (~10%) (0.912 ± 0.004). The terrestrial arrival results are examined to determine the degree of AM/PM asymmetry to compare with meteorite fall times (of which there seems to be a PM excess). Our results show that the impact flux of objects derived from the NEOs in the AM hours is ~2 times that of the PM hemisphere, further supporting the assertion that meteorite-dropping objects are recent ejections from the main asteroid belt rather than young fragments of NEOs.
A Simple Random-Walk Model Explains the Disruption Process of Hierarchical, Eccentric 3-Body Systems
Creators: name: Mushkin, Jonathan
name: Katz, Boaz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the disruption process of hierarchical 3-body systems with bodies of comparable mass. Such systems have long survival times that vary by orders of magnitude depending on the initial conditions. By comparing with 3-body numerical integrations, we show that the evolution and disruption of such systems can be statistically described as a simple random-walk process in the outer-orbit's energy, where the energy-exchange per pericenter passage (step-size) is calculated from the initial conditions. In our derivation of the step-size, we use previous analytic results for parabolic encounters, and average over the (Kozai-Lidov) oscillations in orbital parameters, which are faster then the energy diffusion timescale. While similar random-walk models were studied before, this work differs in two manners: (a) this is the first time that the Kozai-Lidov averaged step-size is derived from first principles and demonstrated to reproduce the statistical evolution of numerical ensembles without fitting parameters, and (b) it provides a characteristic life-time, instead of answering the binary question (stable/unstable), set by case-specific criteria.
description: 11 pages, 14 figures;
Elucidating biophysical basis of binding of inhibitors to SARS-CoV-2 main protease by using molecular dynamics simulations and free energy calculations
Creators: name: Md Fulbabu Sk
name: Rajarshi Roy
name: Jonniya, Nisha Amarnath
name: Sayan Poddar
name: Kar, Parimal
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: The recent outbreak of novel “coronavirus disease 2019” (COVID-19) has spread rapidly worldwide, causing a global pandemic. In the present work, we have elucidated the mechanism of binding of two inhibitors, namely α-ketoamide and Z31792168, to SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro or 3CLpro) by using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations and free energy calculations. We calculated the total binding free energy (ΔGbind) of both inhibitors and further decomposed ΔGbind into various forces governing the complex formation using the Molecular Mechanics/Poisson-Boltzmann Surface Area (MM/PBSA) method. Our calculations reveal that α-ketoamide is more potent (ΔGbind= - 9.05 kcal/mol) compared to Z31792168 (ΔGbind= - 3.25 kcal/mol) against COVID-19 3CLpro. The increase in ΔGbind for α-ketoamide relative to Z31792168 arises due to an increase in the favorable electrostatic and van der Waals interactions between the inhibitor and 3CLpro. Further, we have identified important residues controlling the 3CLpro-ligand binding from per-residue based decomposition of the binding free energy. Finally, we have compared ΔGbind of these two inhibitors with the anti-HIV retroviral drugs, such as lopinavir and darunavir. It is observed that α-ketoamide is more potent compared to lopinavir and darunavir. In the case of lopinavir, a decrease in van der Waals interactions is responsible for the lower binding affinity compared to α-ketoamide. On the other hand, in the case of darunavir, a decrease in the favorable intermolecular electrostatic and van der Waals interactions contributes to lower affinity compared to α-ketoamide. Our study might help in designing rational anti-coronaviral drugs targeting the SARS-CoV-2 main protease.
Distance effects in L2 Arabic agreement inflection
Creators: name: Khalil, Ala'a
Publisher: name: University of Southern Queensland
Year: 2024
Subjects: Second language processing
linear distance
structural distance
English-speaking learners of Arabic
self-paced reading
agreement inflection

description: The structural and linear relationship between a controller and a target in an agreement relation is a core aspect of forming a grammatical sentence. This study tested whether or not the linear distance between the controller and the target (or, in one experiment, between the filler and the associated gap) moderates sensitivity to ungrammaticality in second language (L2) processing. Data was collected from 40 intermediate English-speaking learners of Arabic (ELAs), plus four native speakers of Arabic, using a word-by-word self-paced moving-window reading task, plus a comprehension task. The study consisted of three experiments, each concerned with the processing of gender and number agreement in a particular type of construction. Experiment One focused on agreement between a noun and a predicative adjective in a verbless sentence. The remaining two experiments were concerned with agreement between a matrix subject and a matrix verb. In Experiment Two, these two items were adjacent vs. separated. In Experiment Three, the distance between the items was short vs. long, plus they were separated by either a subject-headed or object-headed relative clause (RC). In each experiment, reading times were measured at the target plus three spillover regions. Overall, the results of these three experiments showed that, for gender and/or number agreement, distance (and, in Experiment Three, RC type) moderated learners’ sensitivity to agreement anomalies for gender and/or number agreement in at least one of the four critical regions under scrutiny. These results confirm distance as a stumbling block to agreement processing in the L2.
Classical model of elementary particle with Bertotti-Robinson core and extremal black holes
Creators: name: Zaslavskii, O. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the question, whether the Reissner-Nordström RN) metric can be glued to another solutions of Einstein-Maxwell equations in such a way that (i) the singularity at r=0 typical of the RN metric is removed (ii), matching is smooth. Such a construction could be viewed as a classical model of an elementary particle balanced by its own forces without support by an external agent. One choice is the Minkowski interior that goes back to the old Vilenkin and Fomin's idea who claimed that in this case the bare delta-like stresses at the horizon vanish if the RN metric is extremal. However, the relevant entity here is the integral of these stresses over the proper distance which is infinite in the extremal case. As a result of the competition of these two factors, the Lanczos tensor does not vanish and the extremal RN cannot be glued to the Minkowski metric smoothly, so the elementary-particle model as a ball empty inside fails. We examine the alternative possibility for the extremal RN metric - gluing to the Bertotti-Robinson (BR) metric. For a surface placed outside the horizon there always exist bare stresses but their amplitude goes to zero as the radius of the shell approaches that of the horizon. This limit realizes the Wheeler idea of "mass without mass" and "charge without charge". We generalize the model to the extremal Kerr-Newman metric glued to the rotating analog of the BR metric.
description: 23 pages. Misprints corrected
PRODUKTYWNOŚĆ PRZEMYSŁU SPOŻYWCZEGO NA TLE PRZETWÓRSTWA PRZEMYSŁOWEGO W POLSCE
Creators: name: Łukiewska, Katarzyna
name: Łukiewska, Katarzyna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: productivity
subject: food industry
subject: manufacturing

description: The aim of the study was to determine the level and productivity changes in the food industry against the background of manufacturing in Poland in the years 1995-2012. It used a Cobb-Douglas production and productivity indicators. It was found that the pace of change of productivity in the food industry was slightly worse compared to manufacturing. Throughout the reporting period, labour productivity in manufacturing grew by 97.8% (average 4.1%), while in the food industry with 58.0% (average 2.7%). While capital productivity in manufacturing has decreased by 9.2%, (average 0.6%) and the food industry with 16.5% (average 1.1%).
Electronic structure of complex spd Hume-Rothery phases in transition-metal aluminides
Creators: name: De Laissardière, Guy Trambly
name: Nguyen-Manh, Duc
name: Mayou, Didier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of quasicrystals phases and approximants in Al(rich)-Mn system has revived the interest for complex aluminides containing transition-metal atoms. On one hand, it is now accepted that the Hume-Rothery stabilization plays a crucial role. On the other hand, transition-metal atoms have also a very important effect on their stability and their physical properties. In this paper, we review studies that unifies the classical Hume-Rothery stabilization for sp electron phases with the virtual bound state model for transition-metal atoms embedded in the aluminum matrix. These studies lead to a new theory for spd electron phases\". It is applied successfully to Al(Si)--transition-metal alloys and it gives a coherent picture of their stability and physical properties. These works are based on first-principles calculations of the electronic structure and simplified models, compared to experimental results. A more detailed review article is published in Prog. Mater. Sci. 50 (2005) p. 679-788.
Collecting words (Murphy & Diehm, 2020)
Creators: name: Murphy, Kimberly A.
name: Diehm, Emily A.
Publisher: name: ASHA journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: Language

description: Purpose: Morphological interventions promote gains in morphological knowledge and in other oral and written language skills (e.g., phonological awareness, vocabulary, reading, and spelling), yet we have a limited understanding of critical intervention features. In this clinical focus article, we describe a relatively novel approach to teaching morphology that considers its role as the key organizing principle of English orthography. We also present a clinical example of such an intervention delivered during a summer camp at a university speech and hearing clinic.Method: Graduate speech-language pathology students provided a 6-week morphology-focused orthographic intervention to children in first through fourth grade (n = 10) who demonstrated word-level reading and spelling difficulties. The intervention focused children’s attention on morphological families, teaching how morphology is interrelated with phonology and etymology in English orthography.Results: Comparing pre- and posttest scores, children demonstrated improvement in reading and/or spelling abilities, with the largest gains observed in spelling affixes within polymorphemic words. Children and their caregivers reacted positively to the intervention. Therefore, data from the camp offer preliminary support for teaching morphology within the context of written words, and the intervention appears to be a feasible approach for simultaneously increasing morphological knowledge, reading, and spelling.Conclusion: Children with word-level reading and spelling difficulties may benefit from a morphology-focused orthographic intervention, such as the one described here. Research on the approach is warranted, and clinicians are encouraged to explore its possible effectiveness in their practice.
Supplemental Material S1. Examples of morphological intervention strategies, techniques, and tools.
Muphy, K. A., & Diehm, E. A. (2020). Collecting words: A clinical example of a morphology-focused orthographic intervention. Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, 51(3), 544-560. https://doi.org/10.1044/2020_LSHSS-19-00050
Publisher Note: This article is part of the Forum: Morphological Awareness as a Key Factor in Language-Literacy Success for Academic Achievement.
Reconstruction of universal Drinfeld twists from representations
Creators: name: Blohmann, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 17B37; 80R50; 17B10

description: Universal Drinfeld twists are inner automorphisms which relate the coproduct of a quantum enveloping algebra to the coproduct of the undeformed enveloping algebra. Even though they govern the deformation theory of classical symmetries and have appeared in numerous applications, no twist for a semi-simple quantum enveloping algebra has ever been computed. It is argued that universal twists can be reconstructed from their well known representations. A method to reconstruct an arbitrary element of the enveloping algebra from its irreducible representations is developed. For the twist this yields an algebra valued generating function to all orders in the deformation parameter, expressed by a combination of basic and ordinary hypergeometric functions. An explicit expression for the universal twist of su(2) is given up to third order.
description: 24 pages
Artificial Intelligence for Digital and Computational Pathology
Creators: name: Song, Andrew H.
name: Jaume, Guillaume
name: Williamson, Drew F. K.
name: Lu, Ming Y.
name: Vaidya, Anurag
name: Miller, Tiffany R.
name: Mahmood, Faisal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Advances in digitizing tissue slides and the fast-paced progress in artificial intelligence, including deep learning, have boosted the field of computational pathology. This field holds tremendous potential to automate clinical diagnosis, predict patient prognosis and response to therapy, and discover new morphological biomarkers from tissue images. Some of these artificial intelligence-based systems are now getting approved to assist clinical diagnosis; however, technical barriers remain for their widespread clinical adoption and integration as a research tool. This Review consolidates recent methodological advances in computational pathology for predicting clinical end points in whole-slide images and highlights how these developments enable the automation of clinical practice and the discovery of new biomarkers. We then provide future perspectives as the field expands into a broader range of clinical and research tasks with increasingly diverse modalities of clinical data.
STOSOWANIE ŚRODKÓW PRODUKCJI W ŚWIETLE NOWYCH ZASAD INTEGROWANIA OCHRONY ROŚLIN
Creators: name: Mickiewicz, Antoni
name: Mickiewicz, Bartosz
name: Mickiewicz, Antoni
name: Mickiewicz, Bartosz
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: integrated plant protection
subject: level of use of plant protection means
subject: ecological farms

description: The paper concentrates attention to processes of integrating of plant protection which started to obey in Poland in 2014. In the paper there were presented domestic and European legislation, which precisely estimates duties of farmers and economic subjects functioning in sphere of trade, use and reaction of negative effects of plant protection means use. Using legal regulation there were presented level of used plant protection means and development of ecological farms which are treated as free from chemical production means.
FFTA_2016_paper_30.pdf
Creators: name: Cotta, Wagner
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Article in portuguese submitted to 5th Assistive Technology Fórum in 2016. This work aims to describe the development of a prototype aimed at meeting the basic needs of people with visual impairments. The proposed solution was the result of an research operationalized through interviews in philanthropic institutes to support people with visual impairments.
STAN PLANOWANIA PRZESTRZENNEGO W GMINACH WIEJSKICH I MIEJSKO-WIEJSKICH W WOJEWÓDZTWIE ZACHODNIOPOMORSKIM
Creators: name: Ossowska, Luiza
name: Janiszewska, Dorota A.
name: Ossowska, Luiza
name: Janiszewska, Dorota A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: spatial planning Zachodniopomorskie province
subject: rural and urban-rural communities

description: The aim of the article was to discuss the state of planning in rural and urban-rural communes in Zachodniopomorskie province. The aim was achieved on the basis of data from the Local Data Bank Central Statistical Office of the 2012. Crossing two features – the legal basis of current plans (Act of 1994 or 2003) and the area covered by plans nine types of areas were obtained. Based on the results the state planning of the study area was defined as unsatisfactory.
Macroscopic quantum behaviour : superconductivity and cold atomic gases
Creators: name: Davis, Thomas P.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The study of physics at the atomic scale led to the development of quantum mechanics in the early twentieth century. Since then, quantum mechanics has developed into one of the most successfully tested of all physical theories. Central to quantum mechanics is the concept of coherence. Keeping quantal coherence over large time scales or macroscopic length scales has proven to be a difficult, but fruitful endeavour both theoretically and experimentally. Two manifestations of this so-called macroscopic quantum coherence will be investigated in this thesis; the century-old field of superconductivity and the decade-old field of cold atomic gases. Yttrium barium copper oxide is a layered superconductor whose transition temperature can be changed by controlling the amount of oxygen found between the copper oxide planes. Motivated by recent experiments where the penetration depth along the direction perpendicular to the copper oxygen planes was measured on extremely underdoped samples, a theoretical model is constructed which phenomenologically explains the observed electrodynamic properties. The field of atomic physics underwent a revolution in 1994 when dilute atomic gases were cooled to nanokelvin temperatures, which resulted in the much sought after Bose-Einstein condensate. In the past decade, ultra-cold atomic experiments have been used to study fundamental quantum mechanics and more recently, with the application of optical lattices, many-body physics. The second project contained in this thesis investigates a method to engineer the emergence of Dirac Ferinions in an ultra-cold Fermionic gas with the application of an optical lattice. The Hamiltonian governing the low energy properties of this system is well known, and is shown to undergo a quantum phase transition where the low energy Fermionic quasiparticles acquire a mass, due to the appearance of "antiferromagnetic" ordering.
Eating Through the Ages
Creators: name: Murphy, Susan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 190102 Art History
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: Art
subject: 190502 Fine Arts (incl. Sculpture and Painting)

description: Eating is one of the most basic needs for survival, and as such is an important aspect to any person’s life. From production of food to dinner parties, human life seemingly revolves around it. Every person, regardless of their period of culture, spends part of their day thinking about obtaining or eating food. Because of this, it is no wonder that it holds such a strong place in cultures throughout time. Food and feasting is not only necessary for life itself but is also a means of expression. Like Remy said in Disney’s Ratatouille, “Humans don’t just survive; they discover; they create… I mean, just look at what they do with food!” This human desire to create drives us to make art. Due to this importance of food, it is clear why artists throughout the ages have incorporated the subject into their works. Across a period ranging from the 5th century BCE to the modern era, this exhibition shows that while artistic subjects and styles may have changed along with personal taste, the idea of food as a subject is eternal. This exhibition explores the incorporation of food in art in varying ways as the individual food items being symbols to the idea of food. While food may not be the direct subject of each of these works, all of the works showcased involve sustenance in one form or another—whether it be the overt representation of the humble potato in Vincent Van Gogh’s The Potato Eaters, or a more subtle visualization in Aelbert Cuyp’s River Scene with Milking Woman.