cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Introduction: Farmer’s adaptation to environmental changes
Creators: name: Drogué, Sophie
name: Jacquet, Florence
name: Subervie, Julie
name: Drogué, Sophie
name: Jacquet, Florence
name: Subervie, Julie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: This introduction summarizes some of the key research findings from the articles included in this special issue of The Review in Agriculture and Environment Studies. These articles were drawn from an INRA-funded workshop held in Montpellier in September 2012 entitled Adaptation Practices and Adoption of New Technologies. The workshop focused on current research in agricultural economics and farm management that extends beyond the study of productivity. Specifically, research in this area now also aims to provide a better understanding of farmers’ ability and willingness to respond to new environmental challenges. In particular, these challenges pertain to adaptation to the changing climatic context and recent developments in environmental policies. The selected articles address the issue of farmers’ adaptation to environmental changes in light of their individual preferences. In brief, their findings indicate that taking heterogeneity into account is indeed crucial when analysing or promoting new adaptation strategies.
Adoption and adaptation in developing country agriculture
Creators: name: Macours, Karen
name: Macours, Karen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: agricultural technology adoption
subject: climate change adaptation

description: This paper reviews some of the challenges related to understanding constraints to agricultural productivity improvements in developing countries. It takes a micro-level approach to shed light on the complexity of farmers’ adoption of new technologies and practices and of climate change adaptation decisions. The main arguments are illustrated using an example from the evaluation of a randomized pilot program in Nicaragua. The paper also highlights open questions for future research.
Elliptic Gorenstein singularities, log canonical thresholds and log Enriques surfaces
Creators: name: Prokhorov, Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14E30, 14J28, 14J17

description: We point out an interesting relation between hypersurface elliptic singularities and log Enriques surfaces: with a few exceptions, every hypersurface elliptic singularity define some klt log Enriques surface $(S,Diff)$. In many cases, the log canonical cover of $(S,Diff)$ is a Du Val K3 surface with ``large'' nonsymplectic automorphism group.
description: 19 pages, LaTeX2e, uses package longtable.sty, several references are added
The Impact of Implementing an Individualised Peer-Tutoring Programme on Low-Attaining Secondary School Readers
Creators: name: White, Amber Holley
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: reading intervention
Peer-tutoring
reader self-concept
low-attaining students
low-attaining readers
cross-ability peer tutoring
secondary readers
self-perceptions

description: This study focuses on improving the reading skills of a group of low-attaining secondary school students and their perceptions of themselves as readers. While other studies have mainly focused on younger students’ initial efforts to learn to read or on specific aspects determined by the author’s theoretical perspective, this present study’s pragmatic approach enables the complex needs of older low-attaining readers to be recognised. In the study, cognitive, emotional and social aspects of reading were explored and a peer-tutoring programme was designed to address the participants’ needs in these areas. The unique feature of this programme involved students moving from a position of being tutees to becoming tutors and their different perceptions as they took on these different roles is explored. Over two twelve-week phases, four secondary readers and their peer tutoring partners were cases which enabled an exploration of the effects that this intervention had on their reading attainment and their perceptions of themselves as readers. By employing a parallel concurrent mixed method design, the cognitive elements were observed through the employment of summative pre- and post-tests and formative assessments conducted every three weeks. The emotional and social elements of the reading process were detected through three open-ended interviews in each phase, along with recorded weekly observations of the partnerships participating in the sessions, providing a means for the complexity of the adolescents’ relationships with text to evolve. Both the quantitative and qualitative data indicate that by the end of the study all participants’ reading levels had progressed and they had all experienced positive changes to their perceptions of themselves as readers. With the exception of one tutee, all participants displayed substantial progress in standardised testing, while the individuals who assumed the tutor role experienced greater gains to their perceptions of themselves as readers. However, the participants who acted in both roles showed greater improvements to their self-perceptions than those who had only assumed one role. These findings highlight the importance of addressing the social needs of secondary students who are low attainers in reading. Reimagining cross-ability peer tutoring provided a means to meet these cognitive, emotional and social needs. By having low-attaining readers in both the tutee and tutor roles, positive relationships developed between the partnerships and tutees were provided with a role model that they emulated by the second phase of the study.
Tendency to Maximum Complexity in a Non-Equilibrium Isolated System
Creators: name: Calbet, Xavier
name: Lopez-Ruiz, Ricardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The time evolution equations of a simplified isolated ideal gas, the "tetrahe- dral" gas, are derived. The dynamical behavior of the LMC complexity [R. Lopez-Ruiz, H. L. Mancini, and X. Calbet, Phys. Lett. A 209, 321 (1995)] is studied in this system. In general, it is shown that the complexity remains within the bounds of minimum and maximum complexity. We find that there are certain restrictions when the isolated "tetrahedral" gas evolves towards equilibrium. In addition to the well-known increase in entropy, the quantity called disequilibrium decreases monotonically with time. Furthermore, the trajectories of the system in phase space approach the maximum complexity.
description: 22 pages, 0 figures. Published in Phys. Rev. E 63, 066116(9) (2001)
Neutron Stars and Black Holes in the Small Magellanic Cloud: The SMC NuSTAR Legacy Survey
Creators: name: Lazzarini, M.
name: Williams, B. F.
name: Hornschemeier, A. E.
name: Antoniou, V.
name: Vasilopoulos, G.
name: Haberl, F.
name: Vulic, N.
name: Yukita, M.
name: Zezas, A.
name: Bodaghee, A.
name: Lehmer, B. D.
name: Maccarone, T. J.
name: Ptak, A.
name: Wik, D.
name: Fornasini, F. M.
name: Hong, Jaesub
name: Kennea, J. A.
name: Tomsick, J. A.
name: Venters, T.
name: Udalski, A.
name: Cassity, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a source catalog from the first deep hard X-ray ($E>10$ keV) survey of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), the NuSTAR Legacy Survey of the SMC. We observed three fields, for a total exposure time of 1 Ms, along the bar of this nearby star-forming galaxy. Fields were chosen for their young stellar and accreting binary populations. We detected 10 sources above a 3$σ$ significance level (4$-$25 keV) and obtained upper limits on an additional 40 sources. We reached a 3$σ$ limiting luminosity in the 4$-$25 keV band of $\sim$ $10^{35}$ erg s$^{-1}$, allowing us to probe fainter X-ray binary (XRB) populations than has been possible with other extragalactic NuSTAR surveys. We used hard X-ray colors and luminosities to constrain the compact-object type, exploiting the spectral differences between accreting black holes and neutron stars at $E>10$ keV. Several of our sources demonstrate variability consistent with previously observed behavior. We confirmed pulsations for seven pulsars in our 3$σ$ sample. We present the first detection of pulsations from a Be-XRB, SXP305 (CXO J005215.4$-$73191), with an X-ray pulse period of $305.69\pm0.16$ seconds and a likely orbital period of $\sim$1160-1180 days. Bright sources ($\gtrsim 5\times 10^{36}$ erg s$^{-1}$) in our sample have compact-object classifications consistent with their previously reported types in the literature. Lower luminosity sources ($\lesssim 5\times 10^{36}$ erg s$^{-1}$) have X-ray colors and luminosities consistent with multiple classifications. We raise questions about possible spectral differences at low luminosity between SMC pulsars and the Galactic pulsars used to create the diagnostic diagrams.
description: 8 tables, 18 figures
European State Finance Database; Brittany Capitation Files, 1696
Brittany Capitation Files, 1696
Creators: name: Bonney, R.
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 1993

description: The European State Finance Database (ESFD) is an international collaborative research project for the collection of data in European fiscal history. There are no strict geographical or chronological boundaries to the collection, although data for this collection comprise the period between c.1200 to c.1815. The purpose of the ESFD was to establish a significant database of European financial and fiscal records. The data are drawn from the main extant sources of a number of European countries, as the evidence and the state of scholarship permit. The aim was to collect the data made available by scholars, whether drawing upon their published or unpublished archival research, or from other published material.

The ESFD project at the University of Leicester serves also to assist scholars working with the data by providing statistical manipulations of data and high quality graphical outputs for publication. The broad aim of the project was to act as a facilitator for a general methodological and statistical advance in the area of European fiscal history, with data capture and the interpretation of data in key publications as the measurable indicators of that advance. The data were originally deposited at the UK Data Archive in SAS transport format and as ASCII files; however, data files in this new edition have been saved as tab delimited files. Furthermore, this new edition features documentation in the form of a single file containing essential data file metadata, source details and notes of interest for particular files.
Interplay of disorder and interactions in a flat-band supporting diamond chain
Creators: name: Roy, Nilanjan
name: Ramachandran, Ajith
name: Sharma, Auditya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We systematically study the effect of disorder and interactions on a quasi-one dimensional diamond chain possessing flat bands. Disorder localizes all the single particle eigenstates, while at low disorder strengths we obtain weak flat-band based localization (FBL), at high disorder strengths, we see conventional Anderson localization (AL). The compactly localized (CL) eigenstates of flat bands show a persisting oscillatory recurrence in the study of single-particle wavepacket dynamics. For low disorder a damped oscillatory recurrence behavior is observed which is absent for high disorder. Non-interacting many particle fermion states also follow the same trend except showing a delocalizing tendency at intermediate disorder due to the fermionic statistics in the system. As interactions are switched on, for the finite-sizes that we are able to study, a non-ergodic `mixed phase' is observed at low disorder which is separated from the MBL phase at high disorder by a thermal phase at intermediate-disorder. A study of many-body nonequilibrium dynamics reinforces these findings.
description: 16 pages, 29 figures (Appendix included)
Production of charged pions, kaons and (anti-)protons in Pb-Pb and inelastic pp collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV
Creators: name: ALICE Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mid-rapidity production of $π^{\pm}$, $\rm{K}^{\pm}$ and ($\bar{\rm{p}}$)p measured by the ALICE experiment at the LHC, in Pb-Pb and inelastic pp collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ = 5.02 TeV, is presented. The invariant yields are measured over a wide transverse momentum ($p_{\rm{T}}$) range from hundreds of MeV/$c$ up to 20 GeV/$c$. The results in Pb-Pb collisions are presented as a function of the collision centrality, in the range 0$-$90%. The comparison of the $p_{\rm{T}}$-integrated particle ratios, i.e. proton-to-pion (p/$π$) and kaon-to-pion (K/$π$) ratios, with similar measurements in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ = 2.76 TeV show no significant energy dependence. Blast-wave fits of the $p_{\rm{T}}$ spectra indicate that in the most central collisions radial flow is slightly larger at 5.02 TeV with respect to 2.76 TeV. Particle ratios (p/$π$, K/$π$) as a function of $p_{\rm{T}}$ show pronounced maxima at $p_{\rm{T}}$ $\approx$ 3 GeV/$c$ in central Pb-Pb collisions. At high $p_{\rm{T}}$, particle ratios at 5.02 TeV are similar to those measured in pp collisions at the same energy and in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ = 2.76 TeV. Using the pp reference spectra measured at the same collision energy of 5.02 TeV, the nuclear modification factors for the different particle species are derived. Within uncertainties, the nuclear modification factor is particle species independent for high $p_{\rm{T}}$ and compatible with measurements at $\sqrt{s_{\rm{NN}}}$ = 2.76 TeV. The results are compared to state-of-the-art model calculations, which are found to describe the observed trends satisfactorily.
description: 39 pages, 16 captioned figures, 5 tables, authors from page 34, published version, figures at http://alice-publications.web.cern.ch/node/5573
Pair annihilation and radio emission from galactic jet sources: The case of Nova Muscae
Creators: name: Kaiser, Christian R.
name: Hannikainen, Diana C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the hard X-ray spectra of some X-ray binaries line features at around 500 keV are detected. We interpret these as arising from pair annihilation in relativistic outflows leading to a significant Doppler shift of the lines' frequencies. We show how this can be used to accurately determine the bulk velocity and orientation to the line of sight of the outflows. Constraints on the energy requirements of such outflows are also derived. Furthermore, we show that a small fraction of pairs escaping the annihilation region may give rise to the radio synchrotron emission observed in some of these objects. We apply these ideas to the hard X-ray and radio observations of Nova Muscae 1991. In this object, the energy requirements seem to rule out a large proton fraction in the outflows.
description: 7 pages, to appear in MNRAS
European State Finance Database; French Dixieme Files, 1711-1717
French Dixieme Files, 1711-1717
Creators: name: Bonney, R.
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 1993

description: The European State Finance Database (ESFD) is an international collaborative research project for the collection of data in European fiscal history. There are no strict geographical or chronological boundaries to the collection, although data for this collection comprise the period between c.1200 to c.1815. The purpose of the ESFD was to establish a significant database of European financial and fiscal records. The data are drawn from the main extant sources of a number of European countries, as the evidence and the state of scholarship permit. The aim was to collect the data made available by scholars, whether drawing upon their published or unpublished archival research, or from other published material.

The ESFD project at the University of Leicester serves also to assist scholars working with the data by providing statistical manipulations of data and high quality graphical outputs for publication. The broad aim of the project was to act as a facilitator for a general methodological and statistical advance in the area of European fiscal history, with data capture and the interpretation of data in key publications as the measurable indicators of that advance. The data were originally deposited at the UK Data Archive in SAS transport format and as ASCII files; however, data files in this new edition have been saved as tab delimited files. Furthermore, this new edition features documentation in the form of a single file containing essential data file metadata, source details and notes of interest for particular files.
European State Finance Database; Great Britain: Income and Expenditure, 1790-1816
Great Britain: Income and Expenditure, 1790-1816
Creators: name: Bonney, R.
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 1993

description: The European State Finance Database (ESFD) is an international collaborative research project for the collection of data in European fiscal history. There are no strict geographical or chronological boundaries to the collection, although data for this collection comprise the period between c.1200 to c.1815. The purpose of the ESFD was to establish a significant database of European financial and fiscal records. The data are drawn from the main extant sources of a number of European countries, as the evidence and the state of scholarship permit. The aim was to collect the data made available by scholars, whether drawing upon their published or unpublished archival research, or from other published material.

The ESFD project at the University of Leicester serves also to assist scholars working with the data by providing statistical manipulations of data and high quality graphical outputs for publication. The broad aim of the project was to act as a facilitator for a general methodological and statistical advance in the area of European fiscal history, with data capture and the interpretation of data in key publications as the measurable indicators of that advance. The data were originally deposited at the UK Data Archive in SAS transport format and as ASCII files; however, data files in this new edition have been saved as tab delimited files. Furthermore, this new edition features documentation in the form of a single file containing essential data file metadata, source details and notes of interest for particular files.
MOESM1 of Analysis of serological data to investigate heterogeneity of malaria transmission: a community-based cross-sectional study in an area conducting elimination in Indonesia
Creators: name: Surendra, Henry
name: Mahardika Wijayanti
name: Murhandarwati, Elsa
name: Irnawati
name: Titik Yuniarti
name: Mardiati
name: Herdiana
name: Sumiwi, Maria
name: Hawley, William
name: Lobo, Neil
name: Cook, Jackie
name: Drakeley, Chris
name: Supargiyono
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 1. Seroprevalence for each antigen studied.
Initial data for fluid bodies in general relativity
Creators: name: Dain, Sergio
name: Nagy, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that there exist asymptotically flat almost-smooth initial data for Einstein-perfect fluid's equation that represent an isolated liquid-type body. By liquid-type body we mean that the fluid energy density has compact support and takes a strictly positive constant value at its boundary. By almost-smooth we mean that all initial data fields are smooth everywhere on the initial hypersurface except at the body boundary, where tangential derivatives of any order are continuous at that boundary. PACS: 04.20.Ex, 04.40.Nr, 02.30.Jr
description: 38 pages, LaTeX 2e, no figures. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
MOESM2 of Analysis of serological data to investigate heterogeneity of malaria transmission: a community-based cross-sectional study in an area conducting elimination in Indonesia
Creators: name: Surendra, Henry
name: Mahardika Wijayanti
name: Murhandarwati, Elsa
name: Irnawati
name: Titik Yuniarti
name: Mardiati
name: Herdiana
name: Sumiwi, Maria
name: Hawley, William
name: Lobo, Neil
name: Cook, Jackie
name: Drakeley, Chris
name: Supargiyono
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Demographic characteristics and factors associated with P. vivax transmission in Sabang, Indonesia, 2013.
European State Finance Database; European Silver Movements, 1501-1800
European Silver Movements, 1501-1800
Creators: name: Bonney, R.
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 1993

description: The European State Finance Database (ESFD) is an international collaborative research project for the collection of data in European fiscal history. There are no strict geographical or chronological boundaries to the collection, although data for this collection comprise the period between c.1200 to c.1815. The purpose of the ESFD was to establish a significant database of European financial and fiscal records. The data are drawn from the main extant sources of a number of European countries, as the evidence and the state of scholarship permit. The aim was to collect the data made available by scholars, whether drawing upon their published or unpublished archival research, or from other published material.

The ESFD project at the University of Leicester serves also to assist scholars working with the data by providing statistical manipulations of data and high quality graphical outputs for publication. The broad aim of the project was to act as a facilitator for a general methodological and statistical advance in the area of European fiscal history, with data capture and the interpretation of data in key publications as the measurable indicators of that advance. The data were originally deposited at the UK Data Archive in SAS transport format and as ASCII files; however, data files in this new edition have been saved as tab delimited files. Furthermore, this new edition features documentation in the form of a single file containing essential data file metadata, source details and notes of interest for particular files.
Single-shot 3D multi-person pose estimation in complex images
Creators: name: Benzine, Abdallah
name: Luvison, Bertrand
name: Pham, Quoc Cuong
name: Achard, Catherine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose a new single shot method for multi-person 3D human pose estimation in complex images. The model jointly learns to locate the human joints in the image, to estimate their 3D coordinates and to group these predictions into full human skeletons. The proposed method deals with a variable number of people and does not need bounding boxes to estimate the 3D poses. It leverages and extends the Stacked Hourglass Network and its multi-scale feature learning to manage multi-person situations. Thus, we exploit a robust 3D human pose formulation to fully describe several 3D human poses even in case of strong occlusions or crops. Then, joint grouping and human pose estimation for an arbitrary number of people are performed using the associative embedding method. Our approach significantly outperforms the state of the art on the challenging CMU Panoptic and a previous single shot method on the MuPoTS-3D dataset. Furthermore, it leads to good results on the complex and synthetic images from the newly proposed JTA Dataset.
Asthma: From Diagnosis to Endotype to Treatment.
Creators: name: Lodge, Katharine M
name: Knolle, Martin D
name: Jha, Akhilesh
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: Humans
Asthma
Glucocorticoids
Phenotype
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized

description: Aaron S et al. Re-evaluation of diagnosis in adults with physician-diagnosed asthma. JAMA (1) Reviewed by Akhilesh Jha Asthma diagnosis is based on classical symptoms together with variable airflow limitation (2). Accuracy is essential to ensure appropriate long-term medication; misdiagnosis can lead to unnecessary drug-related adverse effects and medical expenditure. Lefaudeux D et al. U-BIOPRED clinical adult asthma clusters linked to a subset of sputum omics. J Allergy Clin Immunol (6) Reviewed by Martin Knolle Recent advances in asthma phenotyping (7-9) have enabled more effective and targeted asthma treatments. However, a mechanistic understanding of these inflammatory endotypes remains limited. To this end, the ‘Unbiased Biomarkers for the Prediction of Respiratory Disease Outcomes’ (U-BIOPRED) consortium has applied ‘multi-omics’ approaches to well-characterised asthma patient cohorts (10). Nair P et al. Oral glucocorticoid-sparing effect of benralizumab in severe asthma. N Engl J Med (15) Reviewed by Katharine M Lodge Patients with treatment-refractory asthma account for a large proportion of asthma healthcare costs and suffer substantial glucocorticoid-induced co-morbidities (16, 17). Type 2 immune response-driven eosinophilia is associated with severe and uncontrolled asthma (18). Interleukin 5 (IL-5), a pro-inflammatory cytokine produced by Th2 cells, promotes eosinophil recruitment and survival, and represents an important therapeutic target (19). Monoclonal antibodies against IL-5 (mepolizumab and reslizumab) or the IL-5 receptor (benralizumab) reduce exacerbation frequency in severe eosinophilic asthma, with potential for lung function and quality of life improvement (20-22).
European State Finance Database; Anglo-Portuguese Trade and Brazilian Gold, 1701-1810
Anglo-Portuguese Trade and Brazilian Gold, 1701-1810
Creators: name: Bonney, R.
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 1993

description: The European State Finance Database (ESFD) is an international collaborative research project for the collection of data in European fiscal history. There are no strict geographical or chronological boundaries to the collection, although data for this collection comprise the period between c.1200 to c.1815. The purpose of the ESFD was to establish a significant database of European financial and fiscal records. The data are drawn from the main extant sources of a number of European countries, as the evidence and the state of scholarship permit. The aim was to collect the data made available by scholars, whether drawing upon their published or unpublished archival research, or from other published material.

The ESFD project at the University of Leicester serves also to assist scholars working with the data by providing statistical manipulations of data and high quality graphical outputs for publication. The broad aim of the project was to act as a facilitator for a general methodological and statistical advance in the area of European fiscal history, with data capture and the interpretation of data in key publications as the measurable indicators of that advance. The data were originally deposited at the UK Data Archive in SAS transport format and as ASCII files; however, data files in this new edition have been saved as tab delimited files. Furthermore, this new edition features documentation in the form of a single file containing essential data file metadata, source details and notes of interest for particular files.
Quantum computing with spatially delocalized qubits
Creators: name: Mompart, J.
name: Eckert, K.
name: Ertmer, W.
name: Birkl, G.
name: Lewenstein, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the operation of quantum gates for neutral atoms with qubits that are delocalized in space, i.e., the computational basis states are defined by the presence of a neutral atom in the ground state of one out of two trapping potentials. The implementation of single qubit gates as well as a controlled phase gate between two qubits is discussed and explicit calculations are presented for rubidium atoms in optical microtraps. Furthermore, we show how multi-qubit highly entangled states can be created in this scheme.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
European State Finance Database: Richelieu Reform Plan: Expenditure and Revenues, 1640
European State Finance Database, c.1200-1815
Creators: name: Bonney, R.
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 1993

description: The European State Finance Database (ESFD) is an international collaborative research project for the collection of data in European fiscal history. There are no strict geographical or chronological boundaries to the collection, although data for this collection comprise the period between c.1200 to c.1815. The purpose of the ESFD was to establish a significant database of European financial and fiscal records. The data are drawn from the main extant sources of a number of European countries, as the evidence and the state of scholarship permit. The aim was to collect the data made available by scholars, whether drawing upon their published or unpublished archival research, or from other published material.

The ESFD project at the University of Leicester serves also to assist scholars working with the data by providing statistical manipulations of data and high quality graphical outputs for publication. The broad aim of the project was to act as a facilitator for a general methodological and statistical advance in the area of European fiscal history, with data capture and the interpretation of data in key publications as the measurable indicators of that advance. The data were originally deposited at the UK Data Archive in SAS transport format and as ASCII files; however, data files in this new edition have been saved as tab delimited files. Furthermore, this new edition features documentation in the form of a single file containing essential data file metadata, source details and notes of interest for particular files.
MOESM3 of Analysis of serological data to investigate heterogeneity of malaria transmission: a community-based cross-sectional study in an area conducting elimination in Indonesia
Creators: name: Surendra, Henry
name: Mahardika Wijayanti
name: Murhandarwati, Elsa
name: Irnawati
name: Titik Yuniarti
name: Mardiati
name: Herdiana
name: Sumiwi, Maria
name: Hawley, William
name: Lobo, Neil
name: Cook, Jackie
name: Drakeley, Chris
name: Supargiyono
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3. Scatter plots matrix of antibody responses (optical density) to P. falciparum and to P. vivax antigens tested in the study describing the absence of cross-reactivity between the P. falciparum and P. vivax antigens.
Forecasting of the Egg Price Based on EEMD
Creators: name: WANG, Dan
name: HE, Yucheng
name: WANG, Dan
name: HE, Yucheng
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Egg price
subject: EEMD
subject: BP

description: In the transitional period of "new normal", the target price is put forward to deepen the reform system of agricultural product price. Egg is the main agricultural product and its price has fluctuated violently in recent years. Setting up a target price for egg will reduce the price fluctuations. This article brings up a three-step agricultural price forecasting model based on EEMD and applies it to the analysis of egg price. It shows that the upward trend can be divided into three stages, and the fluctuation is greater than that of food consumer price in the foreseeable future. The volatility of egg price is bad for the development of the fresh market and stable life of the residents. This article finally puts forward some recommendations.
MOESM1 of Comparative evaluation of anopheline sampling methods in three localities in Indonesia
Creators: name: Brandyce St. Laurent
name: Supratman Sukowati
name: Burton, Timothy
name: Bretz, David
name: Mulyadi Zio
name: Syah Firman
name: Sumardi
name: Heru Sudibyo
name: Safitri, Amalia
name: Suwito
name: Puji Asih
name: Sully Kosasih
name: Shinta
name: Hawley, William
name: Burkot, Thomas
name: Collins, Frank
name: Syafruddin, Din
name: Lobo, Neil
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Tukeyâ s multiple comparisons tests for traps within each village.
Representation Learning beyond Semantic Similarity: Character-aware and Function-specific Approaches
Creators: name: Gerz, Daniela Susanne
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: multilingual
representation learning
word vector spaces

description: Representation learning is a research area within machine learning and natural language processing (NLP) concerned with building machine-understandable representations of discrete units of text. Continuous representations are at the core of modern machine learning applications, and representation learning has thereby become one of the central research areas in NLP. The induction of text representations is typically based on the distributional hypothesis, and consequently encodes general information about word similarity. Words or phrases with similar meaning obtain similar representations in a vector space constructed for this purpose. This established methodology excels for morphologically-simple languages such as English, and in data-rich settings. However, several useful lexical relations such as entailment or selectional preference, are not captured or get conflated with other relations. Another challenge is dealing with low-data regimes for morphologically-complex and under-resourced languages. In this thesis we construct novel representation learning methods that go beyond the limitations of the distributional hypothesis and investigate solutions that induce vector spaces with diverse properties. In particular, we look at how the vector space induction process influences the contained information, and how the information manifests in a number of core NLP tasks: semantic similarity, lexical entailment, selectional preference, and language modeling. We contribute novel evaluations of state-of-the-art models highlighting their current capabilities and limitations. An analysis of language modeling in 50 typologically-diverse languages demonstrates that representations can indeed pose a performance bottleneck. We introduce a novel approach to leveraging subword-level information in word representations: our solution lifts this bottleneck in low-resource scenarios. Finally, we introduce a novel paradigm of function-specific representation learning that aims to integrate fine-grained semantic relations and real-world knowledge into the word vector spaces. We hope this thesis can serve as a valuable overview on word representations, and inspire future work in modeling \textit{semantic similarity and beyond}.
description: ERC Consolidator Grant LEXICAL (648909)
Global aspects of conformal symmetry and the ANEC in dS and AdS
Creators: name: Rosso, Felipe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from the averaged null energy condition (ANEC) in Minkowski we show that conformal symmetry implies the ANEC for a conformal field theory (CFT) in a de Sitter and anti-de Sitter background. A similar and novel bound is also obtained for a CFT in the Lorentzian cylinder. Using monotonicity of relative entropy, we rederive these results for dS and the cylinder. As a byproduct we obtain the vacuum modular Hamiltonian and entanglement entropy associated to null deformed regions of CFTs in (A)dS and the cylinder. A third derivation of the ANEC in dS is shown to follow from bulk causality in AdS/CFT. Finally, we use the Tomita-Takesaki theory to show that Rindler positivity of Minkowski correlators generalizes to conformal theories defined in dS and the cylinder.
description: 57 pages and 9 figures. v2: references added
European State Finance Database; French Revenues and Expenditure: Taille, Tax, Life Rents and Tontines, 1461-1850
French Revenues and Expenditure: Taille, Tax, Life Rents and Tontines, 1461-1850
Creators: name: Bonney, R.
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 1993

description: The European State Finance Database (ESFD) is an international collaborative research project for the collection of data in European fiscal history. There are no strict geographical or chronological boundaries to the collection, although data for this collection comprise the period between c.1200 to c.1815. The purpose of the ESFD was to establish a significant database of European financial and fiscal records. The data are drawn from the main extant sources of a number of European countries, as the evidence and the state of scholarship permit. The aim was to collect the data made available by scholars, whether drawing upon their published or unpublished archival research, or from other published material.

The ESFD project at the University of Leicester serves also to assist scholars working with the data by providing statistical manipulations of data and high quality graphical outputs for publication. The broad aim of the project was to act as a facilitator for a general methodological and statistical advance in the area of European fiscal history, with data capture and the interpretation of data in key publications as the measurable indicators of that advance. The data were originally deposited at the UK Data Archive in SAS transport format and as ASCII files; however, data files in this new edition have been saved as tab delimited files. Furthermore, this new edition features documentation in the form of a single file containing essential data file metadata, source details and notes of interest for particular files.
On the cosmological evolution of BL Lacs
Creators: name: Caccianiga, A.
name: Maccacaro, T.
name: Wolter, A.
name: Della Ceca, R.
name: Gioia, I. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the cosmological evolution of BL Lac objects by applying the Ve/Va analysis to a new sample of 55 objects presented for the first time in this paper. This sample has been selected from the 239 sources with the brightest X-ray flux (>4X10^-13 erg s^-1 cm^-2) and relatively bright optical counterpart (B<20.5) among the ~1600 objects included in the REX survey. The uniform distribution of the Ve/Va values found in the sample suggests that BL Lac objects are not affected by a strong cosmological evolution in contrast with the behavior observed in the emission line AGNs. The Ve/Va analysis applied to the subsample of the High energy peaked BL Lacs (HBL) does not reveal a significant departure from a uniform distribution. This result suggests either that the cosmological evolution is less extreme than that previously found in other samples or that it is carried out only by a minority of objects, namely by the most extreme HBLs.
description: Accepted for publication in Part 1 of The Astrophysical Journal
Protocol
Creators: name: Mombelli, Monica Augusta
name: Da Silva, Fernando Souza
name: Vinícius Salimos Ferreira
Publisher: name: OSF
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Infection Control
subject: Medical Students
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Nursing Student
subject: Patient Safety
subject: Physician
subject: Realistic Simulation
subject: scoping review

description: Realistic simulation or clinical simulation are terms that refer to building a scenario as real as possible, enabling experiential learning within a controlled and safe environment, aimed at enhancing practical skills and decision-making.
Healthcare associated infection (HAI), also known as cross infections, occur when patients acquire infections during their stay in healthcare settings, such as hospitals or clinics. These infections typically result from exposure to pathogens, often transmitted through contact with contaminated surfaces, equipment, or healthcare personnel. HAIs represent a significant public health concern, as they contribute to increased morbidity, prolonged hospital stays, and the spread of antimicrobial-resistant organisms.
Northern Ireland Family Expenditure Survey, 1991
Northern Ireland Family Expenditure Survey, 1968-1998
NIFES
Creators: name: Policy Planning And Research Unit (Northern Ireland), Central Survey Unit
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 1993

description: The Northern Ireland Family Expenditure Survey (NIFES) was conducted in Northern Ireland from 1967-1998, and was the counterpart to the Family Expenditure Survey (FES), which was conducted annually in Great Britain from 1957-2001 (see under GN 33057). The FES/NIFES provided reliable data on expenditure and income in relation to household characteristics. The results of the survey show how expenditure patterns of different kinds of households vary, and the extent to which individual members of a household contribute to the household income. Although originally commissioned to provide expenditure details for the calculation of weights for the Retail Price Index, the FES/NIFES collected much additional information was also collected on the characteristics of co-operating households and the incomes of their members. It thus became a multi-purpose survey, and provided a unique fund of important economic and social data.

From 1968 the Great Britain FES incorporated a sample drawn from the NIFES to become the UK FES. The FES was replaced in 2001 by a new survey series, the Expenditure and Food Survey (EFS) (see under GN 33334), covering the whole of the UK. The EFS is an amalgamation of the previous National Food Survey (NFS) (see under GN 33071) and UK FES.
Interacting vector fields in Relativity without Relativity
Creators: name: Anderson, Edward
name: Barbour, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Barbour, Foster and Ó Murchadha have recently developed a new framework, called here {\it{the 3-space approach}}, for the formulation of classical bosonic dynamics. Neither time nor a locally Minkowskian structure of spacetime are presupposed. Both arise as emergent features of the world from geodesic-type dynamics on a space of 3-dimensional metric--matter configurations. In fact gravity, the universal light cone and Abelian gauge theory minimally coupled to gravity all arise naturally through a single common mechanism. It yields relativity -- and more -- without presupposing relativity. This paper completes the recovery of the presently known bosonic sector within the 3-space approach. We show, for a rather general ansatz, that 3-vector fields can interact among themselves only as Yang--Mills fields minimally coupled to gravity.
description: Replaced with final version accepted by Classical and Quantum Gravity (14 pages, no figures)
On Modern Fruit Production in Japan
Creators: name: ZHAO, Lanhua
name: PIAO, Yilong
name: ZHAO, Lanhua
name: PIAO, Yilong
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Japan
subject: Fruit
subject: Cultivation area
subject: Cultivars
subject: Circulation

description: Japan's fruit tree production technology is in the world leading level. In order to understand Japan's fruit tree production, by through visits to Japan and data collection, this paper analyzes the changes in Japan's fruit tree cultivation area, regional distribution of fruit tree cultivation, main cultivars and market circulation in recent years. The results show that Japan's fruit tree cultivation area underwent great volatility in the 1980s and 1990s and it has been stabilized in recent years; the cultivation area of principal fruit tree is reduced, while the cultivation area of new fruit trees and characteristic fruit tree varieties is increased; the regionalization of fruit tree is obvious and the main cultivars are clear. Japan's principal fruit price goes through slight fluctuations during the year while the price of cherries and peaches goes through great fluctuations. It is concluded that Japan's fruit tree industry is stably developed.
An Outlook on Agricultural Modernization Path with Chinese Characteristics from Scale Agricultural Operation
Creators: name: WANG, Wanjiang
name: WANG, Wanjiang
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Scale agricultural operation
subject: Agricultural modernization
subject: Socialized services

description: First of all, this paper discusses the scale agricultural operation of China from the aspects of practical exploration and rational thinking. Later, it puts forward the concept of further promoting scale agricultural operation according to the present conditions of China, which includes encouraging large household pattern and scale breeding, developing various forms of socialized agricultural services, promoting agriculture industrialization, accelerating regional distribution of advantageous agricultural products and promoting the progress in agricultural science and technology comprehensively.