cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Electronic monitoring of small arthropods in closed mesocosms
Creators: name: Dupray Sébastien
name: Rumsais, Blatrix
name: Laurent, Roy
name: Soulié Anne-Sophie
name: Dadu Liza
name: Degueldre David
name: Nathalie, Sleeckx
name: Dominique, Bicout
name: Lise, Roy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: experimental manipulations
closed mesocosms
nanocomputer
electronic tracking
population dynamics
small arthropods

description: The study of small animals in habitat containing coarse substrates of similar granularity (soil, manure . . . ) is hampered by the great difficulties in monitoring the daily activity and demographic dynamics of populations in their environment. However, this is a major issue to improve the management of wingless hematophagous vectors, to progress in the understanding of the role of microarthropods in humus formation as well as in the fun- damental understanding of foraging behaviors and trophic interactions in social insects. The use of experimental units such as mesocosms or experimental anthills provides infor- mation on general effect of the groups’ activity, but doesn’t allow to unravel processes. On the other hand, recently developed electronic tracking tools allow the study in vitro of animal behavior. We have designed a new mixed experimental system that allows both the development of invertebrate populations in environments similar to their natural environment and the continuous electronic monitoring of the activity of individuals on one or more strategic points, including over several generations. The electronic tracking system can be replicated in dozens of copies, so as to monitor several units and/or several points per unit at the same time. We used this mixed experimental system to conduct a study that we will soon publish in a scientific journal. This repository presents the details of the tool, its validation and its potential use for other experimental applications. Financial support for this work was provided by the European Regional Development Fund provided by the Interreg North-West Europe Programme (project ’MiteControl’, grant number NWE 756) supported this work), as well as by VetAgro Sup – Lyon (service “Development of a sampling method for estimating vector population dynamics” within the VeCA project led by D. J. Bicout).
THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF DEVELOPING MORAL AND ETHICAL COMPETENCE OF FUTURE PEDAGOGUES
Creators: name: Aldashev, Ilkhomjon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The article examines the theoretical and methodological foundations and effectiveness of developing the moral and ethical competence of future pedagogues, the improved methodical foundations and technological system of developing the moral and ethical competence of future pedagogues. Also, the content of developing the spiritual and moral competence of future pedagogues was analyzed.
A Behavioral Analysis of EPA's MOBILE Emission Factor Model
Creators: name: Harrington, Winston
name: McConnell, Virginia D.
name: Cannon, Matthew
name: Harrington, Winston
name: McConnell, Virginia D.
name: Cannon, Matthew
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: emission reduction
subject: vehicle inspection and maintenance program

description: This paper examines the behavioral and stochastic aspects of modeling emission reductions from vehicle Inspection and Maintenance (I/M) programs. Forecasts of the potential emission reductions from such programs have been modeled by the use of the Environmental Protection Agency's MOBILE Model, EPA's computer model for estimating emission factors for mobile sources. We examine the structure of this Model and review the way behavior of drivers, mechanics and state regulatory authorities is incorporated in the current generation of the Model. We focus particularly on assumptions about vehicle repair under I/M, compliance with I/M requirements, and the impact of test measurement error on predicted I/M effectiveness. We also include some preliminary comparisons of the Model's outcomes to results of the I/M program in place in Arizona. Finally, we perform some sensitivity analyses to determine the most influential underlying parameters of the Model. We find that many of the assumptions of the I/M component of the Model are based on relatively small data sets on vehicle done in a laboratory setting, and that the output of the Model makes it difficult to compare the results against real world data from on-going state programs. In addition, the Model assumes that vehicles will either be repaired or receive a waiver. In the Arizona program there appears to be a third category of vehicles -- those which fail the test and do not receive passes. This share may be as high as a third of all failing vehicles. Vehicles which do not eventually pass the test would be treated in the Model as non-compliant. However, in current programs, states do not seem to be measuring and entering the compliance rate correctly. The paper also examines the evidence about whether emissions deteriorate over the life of vehicle in a grams per mile basis (as assumed by the Model) or a grams per gallon basis. It finds support for the argument that emissions deteriorate on a grams per gallon basis. We find through sensitivity analysis that the repair effectiveness assumed by the Model to occur in an IM240 test are much greater than for the idle test, and that identification rates and repair effectiveness vary a great deal according to the cutpoint. These results are based on small numbers of vehicle tests in a laboratory setting and could be compared to real world evidence. Examining costs and cost-effectiveness of variations in I/M programs is important for determining improvements in I/M programs. States may not have incentives to develop cost-effective programs based on current Model that forecast emission reduction "credits" that are overly optimistic.
Can the Steep Mass Profile of A1689 Be Explained by a Triaxial Dark Halo?
Creators: name: Oguri, Masamune
name: Takada, Masahiro
name: Umetsu, Keiichi
name: Broadhurst, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The steep mass profile of A1689 derived from recent detailed lensing observations is not readily reconciled with the low concentration halos predicted by the standard CDM model. However, halo triaxiality may act to bias the profile constraints derived assuming a spherically symmetric mass distribution, since lensing relates only to the projected mass distribution. A degree of halo triaxiality is inherent to the CDM structure formation, arising from the collision-less nature of the dark matter. Here we compare the CDM-based model predictions of triaxial halo with the precise lensing measurements of A1689 based on the ACS/HST and Subaru data, over a wide range of 10kpc
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Quantum Simulation of Light-Front Parton Correlators
Creators: name: Echevarria, M. G.
name: Egusquiza, I. L.
name: Rico, E.
name: Schnell, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The physics of high-energy colliders relies on the knowledge of different non-perturbative parton correlators, such as parton distribution functions, that encode the information on universal hadron structure and are thus the main building blocks of any factorization theorem of the underlying process in such collision. These functions are given in terms of gauge-invariant light-front operators, they are non-local in both space and real time, and are thus intractable by standard lattice techniques due to the well-known sign problem. In this paper, we propose a quantum algorithm to perform a quantum simulation of these type of correlators, and illustrate it by considering a space-time Wilson loop. We discuss the implementation of the quantum algorithm in terms of quantum gates that are accessible within actual quantum technologies such as cold atoms setups, trapped ions or superconducting circuits.
description: v2: minor changes, motivation improved, new figure added, accepted for publication in PRD; 13 pages, 5 figures. v1: 12 pages, 4 figures
Cost-Effective Reduction of NOx Emissions from Electricity Generation
Creators: name: Burtraw, Dallas
name: Palmer, Karen L.
name: Bharvirkar, Ranjit
name: Paul, Anthony
name: Burtraw, Dallas
name: Palmer, Karen L.
name: Bharvirkar, Ranjit
name: Paul, Anthony
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: emissions trading
subject: electricity
subject: particulates
subject: nitrogen oxides
subject: NOx
subject: health benefits

description: This paper analyzes the benefits and costs of policies to reduce nitrogen oxides (NOX) emissions from electricity generation in the United States. Because emissions of NOX contribute to the high concentration of atmospheric ozone in the eastern states that is associated with health hazards, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has called on eastern states to formulate state implementation plans (SIPs) for reducing NOX emissions. Our analysis considers three NOX reduction scenarios: a summer seasonal cap in the eastern states covered by EPA's NOX SIP Call, an annual cap in the same SIP Call region, and a national annual cap. All scenarios allow for emissions trading. Although EPA's current policy is to implement a seasonal cap in the SIP Call region, this analysis indicates that an annual cap in the SIP Call region would yield about 400 million dollars more in net benefits (benefits less costs) than would a seasonal policy, based on particulate-related health effects only. An annual cap in the SIP Call region is also the policy that is most likely to achieve benefits in excess of costs. Consideration of omissions from this accounting, including the potential benefits from reductions in ozone concentrations, strengthens the finding that an annual program offers greater net benefits than a seasonal program.
Design of the New Wideband Vivaldi Feed for the HERA Radio-Telescope Phase II
Creators: name: Fagnoni, Nicolas
name: Acedo, Eloy de Lera
name: Drought, Nick
name: DeBoer, David R.
name: Riley, Daniel
name: Razavi-Ghods, Nima
name: Carey, Steven
name: Parsons, Aaron R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents the design of a new dual-polarised Vivaldi feed for the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA) radio-telescope. This wideband feed has been developed to replace the Phase I dipole feed, and is used to illuminate a 14-m diameter dish. It aims to improve the science capabilities of HERA, by allowing it to characterise the redshifted 21-cm hydrogen signal from the Cosmic Dawn as well as from the Epoch of Reionization. This is achieved by increasing the bandwidth from 100 -- 200 MHz to 50 -- 250 MHz, optimising the time response of the antenna - receiver system, and improving its sensitivity. This new Vivaldi feed is directly fed by a differential front-end module placed inside the circular cavity and connected to the back-end via cables which pass in the middle of the tapered slot. We show that this particular configuration has minimal effects on the radiation pattern and on the system response.
description: 15 pages, 32 figures. This article has been accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation. This is the author's version which has not been fully edited and content may change prior to final publication. Citation information: DOI 10.1109/TAP.2021.3083788. Copyright 2021 IEEE. Personal use is permitted, but republication/redistribution requires IEEE permission
Indonesien als Herausforderung für den Ökumenischen Rat der Kirchen
Creators: name: Aring, Paul Gerhard
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 23 Nr. 4 (1974): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 23, Heft 4
Danoceras undefined-A
Creators: name: Kröger, Björn
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Cephalopoda
Oncoceratida
Diestoceratidae
Danoceras
Danoceras undefined-A

description: Danoceras sp. A
Fig. 27D
Material examined
ESTONIA • Vormsi Island, Hosholm shore (tower locality); Adila Formation, Pirgu Regional Stage; GIT 878 -269.
Description
The specimen comprises parts of a nearly complete mature body chamber and four chambers of the phragmocone, lacking the outer shell. At the base of the body chamber, the conch height and width are 34 mm and 29 mm respectively (CHI = 1.12). The conch cross section is oval, compressed with narrow dorsal and ventral margins, the ventral (prosiphuncular) margin is narrower. The body chamber is 28 mm long, very slightly exogastrically curved. At its base, a narrow band of oncomyarian, buttressed muscle scars occur. A wide, inconspicuous constriction occurs ca 5 mm adapically from the peristome. The peristome is incompletely preserved, and the hyponomic sinus is not seen. At the peristome, the conch height is 32 mm. The sutures form shallow lateral lobes. The adoralmost two sutures are crowded. Adapically, the sutures are 5 mm apart, where the conch height is 33 mm. The siphuncle is preserved near the conch margin. The septal foramen is ca 2 mm wide and the siphuncular segments apparently are relatively narrow, Danoceras -like.
Remarks
This single specimen differs from all known species of Danoceras in its small mature size in combination with a relatively long and tubular body chamber. However, based on this single, fragmentary preserved specimen the erection of a new species is not possible.
description: Published as part of Kröger, Björn, 2025, The Lyckholm acme of cephalopods - Review of the late Katian (Vormsi-Pirgu regional stages) Ordovician cephalopods of Estonia, pp. 1-169 in European Journal of Taxonomy 978 on page 66, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2025.978.2801, http://zenodo.org/record/14988376
Estimating the Welfare Effect of Congestion Taxes: The Critical Importance of Other Distortions Within the Transport System
Creators: name: Parry, Ian W.H.
name: Bento, Antonio M.
name: Parry, Ian W.H.
name: Bento, Antonio M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Public Economics
subject: congestion tax
subject: welfare effect
subject: transit subsidy
subject: gasoline tax
subject: accidents
subject: pollution

description: This paper uses analytical and numerical models to illustrate how the presence of other distortions within the transport system changes the overall welfare effect of a congestion tax. These other distortions include a transit fare subsidy, congestion on competing (unpriced) routes, accident externalities, gasoline taxes, and pollution externalities. Each of these pre-existing distortions can substantially alter the welfare effect of a congestion tax that would be predicted by a first-best analysis. If congestion taxes encourage travel on other congested routes, they can produce sizeable indirect welfare losses. In addition, induced reductions in the demand for gasoline can lead to substantial welfare losses when, as appears to be the case for European countries, gasoline taxes significantly exceed marginal pollution damages. On the other hand, congestion taxes may produce significant welfare gains by offsetting accident externalities, though these gains are partially offset by increased accidents on competing roadways. To the extent that congestion taxes increase the demand for transit, they can induce significant welfare gains or losses, depending on whether transit fares are above or below marginal supply costs. The importance of other distortions varies considerably across different transport systems and across different countries. Our generic analysis illustrates the proportionate change in the welfare effect of a congestion tax due to each of these distortions over a wide range of parameter scenarios.
High Energy Neutrinos from Cosmic Ray Interactions in Clusters of Galaxies
Creators: name: De Marco, Daniel
name: Blasi, Pasquale
name: Hansen, Patricia
name: Stanev, Todor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spatial clustering of galaxies in galaxy clusters implies that the background of infrared (IR) light in the intracluster medium (ICM) may exceed the universal background. Cosmic rays injected within the ICM propagate diffusively and at low enough energies are trapped there for cosmological times. The photopion production interactions of cosmic rays with the IR photons are responsible for the generation of neutrinos whose detection may shed some light on the origin and propagation of high energy cosmic rays in the universe. Here we discuss our calculations of the flux of neutrinos from single clusters as well as the contribution of photopion production in clusters of galaxies to the diffuse neutrino background.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, submitted to PRD
Carbon-carbon bond formation : reactions of alkenyltrimethylstannanes mediated by copper(I) salts
Creators: name: Yee, James Gee Ken
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The work in this thesis is described in two sections. In the first section, the conjugate addition of alkenyltrirnethylstannane functions to α,β-alkynic esters mediated by copper(I) chloride are discussed. An experimental protocol employing copper(I) chloride and acetic acid in N,N-dimethylforaiamide was developed to effect the stereoselective conversion of the precursors 80 and 178-185 into the monocyclic compounds 81 and bicyclic compounds 186-193, respectively. The intramolecular copper(I)-mediated conjugate addition of aryltrimethyl stannane functions to α,β -alkynic esters was also explored. A variety of bicyclic compounds of general structure 89 that each incorporate an aromatic ring were prepared by this method. α,β -Alkynic aldehydes and α,β -alkynic ketones were shown to function as viable Michael acceptors in the conversion of 233 and 235 into 236-237 and 238-239, respectively. The catalytic nature of the copper(I) chloride in the reaction was also demonstrated. In the second part of this thesis, the copper(I) chloride-mediated oxidative coupling of alkenyltrimethylstannane and aryltrimethylstannane functions is discussed. The intermolecular homocoupling of β-trirnethylstannyl- α,β -unsaturated ketones 100 produced the structurally unusual diketones 101 upon the treatment of the precursors with copper(I) chloride. The synthesis of the 5-, 6-, and 7-membered ring compounds 105, 107, 109, 111, and 113 from the precursors 104, 106, 108, 110, and 112, respectively, was accomplished by use of the intramolecular variant of the coupling reaction. The scope of the methodology was extended to include the formation of 9-membered and 10-membered ring compounds of general structure 115.
Distinguishing trivial and topological zero energy states in long nanowire junctions
Creators: name: Cayao, Jorge
name: Black-Schaffer, Annica M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The emergence of zero energy states in non-topological superconductors represents an inevitable problem that obscures the proper identification of zero energy Majorana bound states (MBSs) and prevents their use as topologically protected qubits. In this Research Letter we investigate long superconductor-normal-superconductor junctions where trivial zero energy states, robust over a large range of parameters, appear as a result of helicity and confinement in the normal region. We demonstrate that both equilibrium supercurrents and critical currents are sensitive to variations in the length of the superconductor regions in the topological phase hosting MBSs, but, remarkably, no such length dependence exists when robust, but trivial, zero energy states are present. This strikingly different response originates from the non-local nature of the MBSs and we, therefore, propose it as a simple protocol for distinguishing between trivial and topological zero energy states.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures + 3 pages supplemental material. Published version
The EU Emissions Trading Directive: Opportunities and Potential Pitfalls
Creators: name: Kruger, Joseph
name: Pizer, William A.
name: Kruger, Joseph
name: Pizer, William A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: European Union
subject: climate change
subject: emissions trading

description: The European Union is on the verge of establishing an emissions trading program ten times the size of the Acid Rain trading program in the United States. Its design takes advantage of many lessons from existing experience with trading programs, as well as economic theory, and innovates in important ways. While we view this as an impressive development, concerns about equity, enforcement, and efficiency remain. Specifically, a lack of data and weaker environmental institutions in some EU Member States raises questions about both allowance allocations and compliance and enforcement. Although much attention has focused on whether prices will be "too low" in the first phase of the program, a greater risk is that uncertainty about program elements, technology and behavioral response, and external events could create volatile markets and costly compliance in the second phase. Regardless of outcome, the EU trading system will be influential in future international efforts to reduce greenhouse gases.
Algebraic cycles and Gushel-Mukai fivefolds
Creators: name: Laterveer, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14C15, 14C25, 14C30

description: We show that Gushel-Mukai fivefolds admit a multiplicative Chow-Künneth decomposition, in the sense of Shen-Vial. As a consequence, a certain tautological subring of the Chow ring of powers of these varieties injects into cohomology.
description: 19 pages, to appear in J. Pure and Applied Algebra, comments welcome. v2: minor corrections to the proof of Corollary 4.1
On and Off the Liability Bandwagon: Explaining State Adoptions of Strict Liability in Hazardous Waste Programs
Creators: name: Alberini, Anna
name: Austin, David H.
name: Alberini, Anna
name: Austin, David H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: strict liability
subject: toxic spills
subject: liability policy
subject: hazardous materials

description: We analyze factors in states' decisions to switch their approaches to hazardous waste liability policy from negligence standards to policies based on strict liability. Many, but not all, states have switched in recent years. We explain differences in the timing of states' adoption of strict liability into their "mini-superfund" programs using data on states' industrial activities, environmental programs, wealth and education, and political orientation. We test implications of a theoretical model in which states adopt the liability regime (strict versus negligence-based liability) that they see as having greater net benefits. We test this model by estimating a profit equation of the presence or absence of strict liability in a state hazardous waste cleanup program. We find that the likelihood of a state adopting strict liability is positively associated with the number of large manufacturing plants located in that state, but negatively associated with the number of large mining establishments. We also find that educational attainment of residents, state government resources, effectiveness of other state environmental programs, and political variables are significant determinants of the likelihood of strict liability adoption. Our findings suggest states may view strict liability as better suited to industrial waste sites than to mining pollution, that they may be partly motivated by a "deep pocket" mentality, or that they may anticipate engaging in "precaution targeting" (Tietenberg, 1989). Non-adopters may have fewer resources available to confront environmental problems, may not wish to discourage business activity, or may have other programs in place which effectively substitute (at least for a time) for strict liability imposed on parties responsible for hazardous waste releases.
Procheneosaurus altidens Lambe 1902
Creators: name: Sahni, Ashok
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1972
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Dinosauria
Hadrosauridae
Procheneosaurus
Procheneosaurus altidens

description: Procheneosaurus altidens (Lambe, 1902)
Figure 8W, X
Trachodon (Pteropelyx) altidens LAMBE, 1902, p. 76.
Procheneosaurus? altidens: LULL AND WRIGHT, 1942, p. 222.
A crested ornithopod is indicated by a small group of teeth, AMNH 8527 from Clambank Hollow, which are markedly different from those of Kritosaurus (fig. 8W, X). The teeth are large, with a long, narrow and elongated enamel face having a prominently raised medial keel. Sides of the enamel face are ornamented toward the apex of the crown with small papillae. Unlike teeth of Kritosaurus, the crown is not diamondshaped but is rectangular in lateral view.
The teeth, which vary greatly in size, closely resemble teeth of Trachodon (Pteropelyx) altidens Lambe (1902, pl. 4, fig. 4). The species was later tentatively transferred to the genus Procheneosaurus by Lull and Wright (1942, pp. 222-223).
description: Published as part of Sahni, Ashok, 1972, The vertebrate Fauna of the Judith River formation, Montana, pp. 319-416 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 147 (6) on pages 360-361, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3382461
Discussing the Rules: Electronic Rulemaking and Democratic Deliberation
Creators: name: Beierle, Thomas C.
name: Beierle, Thomas C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Political Economy
subject: rulemaking
subject: public participation
subject: electronic democracy
subject: electronic dockets
subject: deliberation
subject: e-government

description: Of all recent efforts to transform the federal bureaucracy through the use of information technology, electronic rulemaking holds the most potential for enhancing the role of the public in policymaking. In its more expansive formulation, electronic rulemaking would allow citizens to learn about proposed regulations on the Web, comment on them electronically, read comments by others, and even discuss relevant issues with fellow citizens and agency staff. This paper outlines what we should expect from public involvement in electronic rulemaking, concluding that its promise lies in embedding democratic deliberation into administrative decision-making. The current move to put rulemaking dockets online, while important, is likely to fall short of electronic rulemaking's potential. For important rules, electronic dockets should be supplemented with electronic dialogues, which support and encourage iterative discussions.
The Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers for Finding the Distance between Ellipsoids
Creators: name: Dolgopolik, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65D18, 68U05, 65K10, 90C26

description: We study several versions of the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) for solving the convex problem of finding the distance between two ellipsoids and the nonconvex problem of finding the distance between the boundaries of two ellipsoids. In the convex case we present the ADMM with and without automatic penalty updates and demonstrate via numerical experiments on problems of various dimensions that our methods significantly outperform all other existing methods for finding the distance between ellipsoids. In the nonconvex case we propose a heuristic rule for updating the penalty parameter and a heuristic restarting procedure (a heuristic choice of a new starting for point for the second run of the algorithm). The restarting procedure was verified numerically with the use of a global method based on KKT optimality conditions. The results of numerical experiments on various test problems showed that this procedure always allows one to find a globally optimal solution in the nonconvex case. Furthermore, the numerical experiments also demonstrated that our version of the ADMM significantly outperforms existing methods for finding the distance between the boundaries of ellipsoids on problems of moderate and high dimensions.
description: Multiple mistakes and typos were corrected in the second and third versions. In particular, erroneous Proposition 1 was replaced by Lemma 1
Cost Savings Sans Allowance Trades? Evaluating the SO2 Emission Trading Program to Date
Creators: name: Burtraw, Dallas
name: Burtraw, Dallas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: emission trading
subject: SO2
subject: Clean Air Act
subject: cost-effectiveness
subject: incentive-based regulation

description: Title IV of the 1990 amendments to the Clean Air Act initiated a historic experiment in incentive-based environmental regulation through the use of tradable allowances for emission of sulfur dioxide by electric generating facilities. To date, relatively little allowance trading has taken place; however, the costs of compliance have been much less than anticipated. The purpose of this paper is to address the apparent paradox that the allowance trading program may not require (very much) trading to be successful. Title IV represented two great steps forward in environmental regulation: first a move toward performance standards and second formal allowance trading. The first step has been sufficient to date for improving dynamic efficiency and achieving relative cost-effectiveness.
PRICING AND USE OF DROUGHT-STRESSED AND IMMATURE CORN AS SILAGE FOR DAIRY CATTLE
Creators: name: Black, J. Roy
name: Schwab, Gerald
name: Bucholtz, Herb
name: Rust, Steven R.
name: Black, J. Roy
name: Schwab, Gerald
name: Bucholtz, Herb
name: Rust, Steven R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: No abstract available.
Local Post-Hoc Explanations for Predictive Process Monitoring in Manufacturing
Creators: name: Mehdiyev, Nijat
name: Fettke, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This study proposes an innovative explainable predictive quality analytics solution to facilitate data-driven decision-making for process planning in manufacturing by combining process mining, machine learning, and explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) methods. For this purpose, after integrating the top-floor and shop-floor data obtained from various enterprise information systems, a deep learning model was applied to predict the process outcomes. Since this study aims to operationalize the delivered predictive insights by embedding them into decision-making processes, it is essential to generate relevant explanations for domain experts. To this end, two complementary local post-hoc explanation approaches, Shapley values and Individual Conditional Expectation (ICE) plots are adopted, which are expected to enhance the decision-making capabilities by enabling experts to examine explanations from different perspectives. After assessing the predictive strength of the applied deep neural network with relevant binary classification evaluation measures, a discussion of the generated explanations is provided.
description: Accepted for publication in ECIS-2021 Proceedings (initial submission November 18, 2020). This version is an extension of the previous arXiv version
Permitted Oxygen Abundances and the Temperature Scale of Metal-Poor Turn-Off Stars
Creators: name: Melendez, J.
name: Shchukina, N. G.
name: Vasiljeva, I. E.
name: Ramirez, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use high quality VLT/UVES published data of the permitted OI triplet and FeII lines to determine oxygen and iron abundances in unevolved (dwarfs, turn-off, subgiants) metal-poor halo stars. The calculations have been performed both in LTE and NLTE, employing effective temperatures obtained with the new infrared flux method (IRFM) temperature scale by Ramirez & Melendez, and surface gravities from Hipparcos parallaxes and theoretical isochrones. A new list of accurate transition probabilities for FeII lines, tied to the absolute scale defined by laboratory measurements, has been used. We find a plateau in the oxygen-to-iron ratio over more than two orders of magnitude in iron abundance (-3.2 < [Fe/H] < -0.7), with a mean [O/Fe] = 0.5 dex (sigma = 0.1 dex), independent of metallicity, temperature and surface gravity. According to the new IRFM Teff scale, the temperatures of turn-off halo stars strongly depend on metallicity, a result that is in excellent qualitative and quantitative agreement with stellar evolution calculations, which predict that the Teff of the turn-off at [Fe/H] = -3 is about 600-700 K higher than that at [Fe/H] = -1.
description: In press, ApJ
Single-shot readout of a solid-state spin in a decoherence-free subspace
Creators: name: Farfurnik, D.
name: Pettit, R. M.
name: Luo, Z.
name: Waks, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The efficient single photon emission capabilities of quantum dot molecules position them as promising platforms for quantum information processing. Furthermore, quantum dot molecules feature a "decoherence-free" subspace that enables spin qubits with long coherence time. To efficiently read out the spin state within this subspace requires optically cycling isolated transitions that originate from a triplet manifold within the quantum dot molecule. We propose and theoretically study a two-stage spin readout protocol within this decoherence-free subspace that allows single-shot readout performance. The process incorporates a microwave $π$-pulse and optically cycling the isolated transitions, which induces fluorescence that allows us to identify the initial spin state. This protocol offers enhanced readout fidelity compared to previous schemes that rely on the excitation of transitions that strongly decay to multiple ground states or require long initialization via slow, optically forbidden transitions. By simulating the performance of the protocol, we show that an optimal spin readout fidelity of over 97% and single-shot readout performance are achievable for a photon collection efficiency of just 0.12%. This high readout performance for such realistic photon collection conditions within the decoherence-free subspace expands the potential of quantum dot molecules as building blocks for quantum networks.
Tensor-restriction categories
Creators: name: Heunen, C.
name: Lemay, J. S. Pacaud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18D10

description: Restriction categories were established to handle maps that are partially defined with respect to composition. Tensor topology realises that monoidal categories have an intrinsic notion of space, and deals with objects and maps that are partially defined with respect to this spatial structure. We introduce a construction that turns a firm monoidal category into a restriction category and axiomatise the monoidal restriction categories that arise this way, called tensor-restriction categories.
description: 31 pages
Forces between like-charged walls immersed in electrolyte solution
Creators: name: Otto, Frank
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The effects of a molecular solvent on the forces between two infinite like-charged walls immersed in aqueous electrolyte solution are investigated. The solution models are chosen such that the numerical solution of accurate anisotropic integral equation theories is possible, and the anisotropic hypernetted-chain (AHNC) approximation is used in the present calculations. The resulting average particle densities and the pair correlation functions are used to analyze the force acting between the walls in detail. Mixtures of neutral hard-sphere solvent particles and counterions are employed to investigate the influence of the finite size of the solvent molecules. At wall separations of a few solvent diameters, even at relatively high surface charge and moderate solvent density, the ionic contribution to the force tends to be dominated by the hard-core or packing component. If the ions and solvent particles are of equal size, then the net pressure between the walls can be reasonably well approximated by adding the pressures of pure one-component ionic and solvent systems. However, if the ion and solvent diameters are significantly different, the pressure curve is more complex, and the hard-core component must be evaluated for a mixture of neutral hard spheres. The interaction of the walls is also investigated at the McMillan-Mayer (MM) level of description. In these models, the solvent is not represented by discrete particles but exerts its influence through solvent-averaged ion-ion potentials of mean force which serve as effective potentials. The approximations involved in applying MM theory to the inhomogeneous slit system are discussed. The wall-wall interactions obtained can differ dramatically from the primitive model (dielectric continuum solvent) case. Most interestingly, at the MM level, the force between like-charged walls at small separations and with realistic surface charges can be attractive for monovalent counterions, which is due to solvent effects on the effective counterion-counterion interaction. Several ion-ion potentials of mean force for "realistic" models for Na+ and CI- in water are available in the literature. We find that the forces strongly depend on the model employed and different models for the same ion can give qualitatively different results. To construct a self-consistent model, ion-wall potentials of mean force must also be considered. Typical model ion-wall potentials show an additional counterion attraction towards the walls. Incorporation of these wall potentials yields an overall increase of the attraction between the walls. The possible relevance of our observations in the interpretation of experimental force measurements is briefly discussed.
Nonisomorphic curves that become isomorphic over extensions of coprime degrees
Creators: name: Goldstein, Daniel
name: Guralnick, Robert M.
name: Howe, Everett W.
name: Zieve, Michael E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14H37 (Primary) 14H25, 14H45 (Secondary)

description: We show that one can find two nonisomorphic curves over a field K that become isomorphic to one another over two finite extensions of K whose degrees over K are coprime to one another. More specifically, let K_0 be an arbitrary prime field and let r and s be integers greater than 1 that are coprime to one another. We show that one can find a finite extension K of K_0, a degree-r extension L of K, a degree-s extension M of K, and two curves C and D over K such that C and D become isomorphic to one another over L and over M, but not over any proper subextensions of L/K or M/K. We show that such C and D can never have genus 0, and that if K is finite, C and D can have genus 1 if and only if {r,s} = {2,3} and K is an odd-degree extension of F_3. On the other hand, when {r,s}={2,3} we show that genus-2 examples occur in every characteristic other than 3. Our detailed analysis of the case {r,s} = {2,3} shows that over every finite field K there exist nonisomorphic curves C and D that become isomorphic to one another over the quadratic and cubic extensions of K. Most of our proofs rely on Galois cohomology. Without using Galois cohomology, we show that two nonisomorphic genus-0 curves over an arbitrary field remain nonisomorphic over every odd-degree extension of the base field.
description: LaTeX, 32 pages. Further references added to the discussion in Section 10
EQUINE CLIENT SATISFACTION AT THE VETERINARY TEACHING HOSPITAL, MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY--JULY 1, 1999 THROUGH JUNE 30, 2000
Creators: name: Lloyd, James W.
name: Donovan, Debra
name: Camara, Youssouf
name: Leeper, Delta
name: Gross, Renee
name: Lloyd, James W.
name: Donovan, Debra
name: Camara, Youssouf
name: Leeper, Delta
name: Gross, Renee
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: Understanding clients' wants and needs is vital to the sustained success of any service business, and veterinary medicine offers no exception. The Veterinary Teaching Hospital (VTH) at the Michigan State University College of Veterinary Medicine (MSU-CVM) has successfully maintained a position at the forefront of the veterinary profession throughout most of its history. The staff has consistently been composed of clinicians who have been chosen because of their excellence and expertise. However, the assumption that emphasis on clinical excellence will, by itself, provide the foundation for sustained success in the client flow and business at the hospital has been unchallenged to date. In order to provide the best possible customer service, our clients' likes, dislikes, wants, and needs must be fully characterized and quantified. To assess client satisfaction with the VTH, a study was designed whose objective was to identify the areas in the VTH that are most valued and highly regarded versus those that need improvement in order to sustain the current success of the equine hospital. The results of this study can be used as an outline for the development of a plan to maintain and improve customer satisfaction and, ultimately, to sustain the teaching caseload and business of the hospital. In addition, this endeavor will serve to set a good example for our students by modeling the best management practices and establishing a critical blend of quality medicine/surgery and customer service.
Deformed algebra and the effective dynamics of the interior of black holes
Creators: name: Bosso, Pasquale
name: Obregón, Octavio
name: Rastgoo, Saeed
name: Yupanqui, Wilfredo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the classical Hamiltonian of the interior of the Schwarzschild black hole in Ashtekar-Barbero connection formalism. Then, inspired by generalized uncertainty principle models, we deform the classical canonical algebra and derive the effective dynamics of the model under this modification. We show that such a deformation leads to the resolution of the singularity of the black hole and a minimum nonzero radius for the infalling 2-spheres, provided that the deformation parameters are chosen to be negative.
description: 24 pages, 2 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2011.11815, v2: analysis extended, a new prescription to deal with fiducial elements introduced, figures are slightly modified and are now in color
The Socle and finite dimensionality of some Banach algebras
Creators: name: Ghaffari, Ali
name: Medghalchi, Ali Reza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22A25, 46H15

description: The purpose of this note is to describe some algebraic conditions on a Banach algebra which force it to be finite dimensional. One of the main results in Theorem~2 which states that for a locally compact group $G$, $G$ is compact if there exists a measure $μ$ in $\hbox{Soc}(L^{1}(G))$ such that $μ(G) \neq 0$. We also prove that $G$ is finite if $\hbox{Soc}(M(G))$ is closed and every nonzero left ideal in $M(G)$ contains a minimal left ideal.
description: 4 pages, no figures, no tables
SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT OF PRIVATE AND COMMUNAL LANDS IN NORTHERN ETHIOPIA
Creators: name: Gebremedhin, Berhanu
name: Swinton, Scott M.
name: Gebremedhin, Berhanu
name: Swinton, Scott M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: Land degradation in sub-Saharan Africa reduces the land's potential productivity through soil erosion, nutrient depletion, soil moisture stress, deforestation and overgrazing. Efforts to reverse land degradation require an understanding of why it takes place and what factors govern farmers' willingness to invest in land conservation. These factors differ importantly between private and public lands. This study synthesizes results from analyses of the technological and institutional factors determining the adoption of natural resource conservation at both the household and the community levels in the northern Ethiopian region of Tigray. Using 1995-96 data from 250 Tigray farm household interviews, it first examines private land management, focusing on 1) What factors determine farmer perceptions of the severity and yield impact of soil erosion? 2) Is soil conservation profitable, and if so, then under what conditions? 3) What determines farmers' illingness to invest in soil conservation? Using 1998-99 data from a survey of 100 Tigray villages, it proceeds to examine the management of communal lands (grazing lands and woodlots), focusing on 4) What makes communities engage in collective NRM activities? 5) What determines the ffectiveness of collective NRM? At the household level, results highlight the importance of (1) the physical characteristics of plots and villages in shaping farmer perceptions, (2) the land tenure horizon and access to capital in determining willingness to invest in soil conservation. At the community level, they highlight the importance of population density, agricultural potential, as well as access to markets and external rganizations in determining community collective action and its effectiveness in establishing and managing protected grazing areas and woodlots.
Katja Kröss, Die politische Rolle der stadtrömischen Plebs in der Kaiserzeit
Creators: name: Lambrecht, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Bonner Jahrbücher
Year: 2021

description: Rezension zu: Katja Kröss, Die politische Rolle der stadtrömischen Plebs in der Kaiserzeit. Impact of Empire, Band 24. Verlag Brill, Leiden und Boston 2017. XV und 366 Seiten.
description: Bonner Jahrbücher, Bd. 217.2017(2018): Bonner Jahrbücher
Noncommutativity and Tachyon Condensation
Creators: name: Terashima, Seiji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the fuzzy or noncommutative Dp-branes in terms of infinitely many unstable D0-branes, from which we can construct any Dp-branes. We show that the tachyon condensation of the unstable D0-branes induces the noncommutativity. In the infinite tachyon condensation limit, most of the unstable D0-branes disappear and remaining D0-branes are actually the BPS D0-branes with the correct noncommutative coordinates. For the fuzzy S^2 case, we explicitly show only the D0-branes corresponding to the lowest Landau level survive in the limit. We also show that a boundary state for a Dp-brane satisfying the Dirichlet boundary condition on a curved submanifold embedded in the flat space is not localized on the submanifold. This implies that the Dp-brane on it is ambiguous at the string scale and solves the problem for a spherical D2-brane with a unit flux on the world volume which should be equivalent to one D0-brane. We also discuss the diffeomorphism in the D0-brane picture.
description: 30 pages, references added, minor corrections and clarifications, version to appear in JHEP