cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Lossless plasmons in highly mismatched alloys
Creators: name: Allami, Hassan
name: Krich, Jacob J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the potential of highly mismatched alloys (HMAs) for realizing lossless plasmonics. Systems with a plasmon frequency at which there are no interband or intraband processes possible are called lossless, as there is no 2-particle loss channel for the plasmon. We find that the band splitting in HMAs with a conduction band anticrossing guarantees a lossless frequency window. When such a material is doped, producing plasmonic behavior, we study the conditions required for the plasmon frequency to fall in the lossless window, realizing lossless plasmons. Considering a generic class of HMAs with a conduction band anticrossing, we find universal contours in their parameter space within which lossless plasmons are possible for some doping range. Our analysis shows that HMAs with heavier effective masses are most promising for realizing a lossless plasmonic material.
description: 6 pages including appendices and 3 figures
Effect of Second-Generation Antidepressants on Mania- and Depression-Related Visits in Adults with Bipolar Disorder: A Retrospective Study
Creators: name: Christensen, Dale
name: Hansen, Richard
name: Fu, Alex
name: Liu, Gordon
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Objective: To assess the effect of second-generation antidepressants on mania-related and depression-related office visits for adults with bipolar disorder. Methods: Using a national managed-care claims database, we retrospectively identified continuously enrolled patients with bipolar disorder who had a new antidepressive prescription treatment between January 1998 and December 2002. Patients were followed for at least 12 months after the date of initial use of antidepressant monotherapy, mood stabilizer monotherapy, or antidepressant–mood stabilizer combination therapy. Logit models with propensity score matching were used to identify the relationship between treatment types and the likelihood of having mania-related visits within 12 months. Negative binomial models and Cox proportional hazard models were used to predict the number of depression-related visits and time to first mania- or depression-related visit. Results: Patients on antidepressant monotherapy and combination therapy did not have different likelihoods of mania-related visits compared with those on mood stabilizer monotherapy (with odds ratios (ORs) 0.67 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.42–1.04) and 0.99 (95% CI 0.69–1.43), respectively). The numbers of depression-related visits for the same comparisons were significantly lower, with incidence rate ratios of 0.68 (95% CI 0.56–0.82) and 0.65 (95% CI 0.52–0.81), respectively. The results of time to first mania- or depression-related visit provided similar indications. Conclusions: Second-generation antidepressant was associated with a decreased number of depression-related visits but was not associated with an increased risk of mania-related visits within a 1-year period. Although more work is needed to establish the safety and efficacy of second-generation antidepressants in treating bipolar depression, the evidence from this study supports a favorable risk–benefit profile.
The trade-offs of democracy: Pitting democracy against the economic and non-economic threat
Creators: name: Neundorf, Anja
name: Sirianne Dahlum
name: Öztürk, Aykut
name: Frederiksen, Kristian Vrede Skaaning
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: This is an addendum to our original pre-registration at https://osf.io/pejzx
"This is not a democracy'': Societal characteristics and citizens' assessments of democratic quality
Creators: name: Neundorf, Anja
name: Frederiksen, Kristian Vrede Skaaning
name: Öztürk, Aykut
name: Sirianne Dahlum
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: This is an addendum to our original pre-registration at https://osf.io/rqwkb.
(100132) Mary Ann Diddams
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Local Weyl modules and cyclicity of tensor products for Yangians
Creators: name: Tan, Yilan
name: Guay, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20G42, 81R50

description: We provide a sufficient condition for the cyclicity of an ordered tensor product $L=V_{a_1}(ω_{b_1})\otimes V_{a_2}(ω_{b_2})\otimes...\otimes V_{a_k}(ω_{b_k})$ of fundamental representations of the Yangian $Y(\mathfrak{g})$. When $\mathfrak{g}$ is a classical simple Lie algebra, we make the cyclicity condition concrete, which leads to an irreducibility criterion for the ordered tensor product $L$. In the case when $\mathfrak{g}=\mathfrak{sl}_{l+1}$, a sufficient and necessary condition for the irreducibility of the ordered tensor product $L$ is obtained. The cyclicity of the ordered tensor product $L$ is closely related to the structure of the local Weyl modules of $Y(\mathfrak{g})$. We show that every local Weyl module is isomorphic to an ordered tensor product of fundamental representations of $Y(\mathfrak{g})$.
description: 26 page
A Cost Function Analysis of Shigellosis in Thailand
Creators: name: von Seidlein, Lorenz
name: Youngkong, Sitaporn
name: Samosornsuk, Seksun
name: Stewart, John
name: Chaicumpa, Wanpen
name: Riewpaiboon, Arthorn
name: Clemens, John
name: Sreshthaputra, Nutta
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop a cost function model to estimate the public treatment cost of shigellosis patients in Thailand. Methods: This study is an incidence-based cost-of-illness analysis from a provider's perspective. The sample cases in this study were shigellosis patients residing in Kaengkhoi District, Saraburi Province, Thailand. All diarrhea patients who came to the health-care centers in Kaengkhoi District, Kaengkhoi District Hospital and Saraburi Regional Hospital during the period covering May 2002 to April 2003 were tested for Shigella spp. The sample for our study included all patients with culture that confirmed the presence of shigellosis. Public treatment cost was defined as the costs incurred by the health-care service facilities arising from individual cases. The cost was calculated based on the number of services that were utilized (clinic visits, hospitalization, pharmaceuticals, and laboratory investigations), as well as the unit cost of the services (material, labor and capital costs). The data were summarized using descriptive statistics. Furthermore, the stepwise multiple regressions were employed to create a cost function, and the uncertainty was tested by a one-way sensitivity analysis of varying discount rate, cost category, and drug prices. Results: Cost estimates were based from 137 episodes of 130 patients. Ninety-four percent of them received treatment as outpatients. One-fifth of the episodes were children aged less than 5 years old. The average public treatment cost was US$8.65 per episode based on 2006 prices (95% CI, 4.79, and 12.51) (approximately US$1 = 38.084 Thai baht). The majority of the treatment cost (59.3%) was consumed by the hospitalized patients, though they only accounted for 5.8% of all episodes. The sensitivity analysis on the component of costs and drug prices showed a variation in the public treatment cost ranging from US$8.29 to US$9.38 (−4.20% and 8.43% of the base-case, respectively). The public treatment cost model has an adjusted R2 of 0.788. The positive predictor variables were types of services (inpatient and outpatient), types of health-care facilities (health center, district hospital, regional hospital), and insurance schemes (civil servants medical benefit scheme, social security scheme and universal health coverage scheme). Treatment cost was estimated for various scenarios based on the fitted cost model. Conclusion: The average public treatment cost of shigellosis in Thailand was estimated in this study. Service types, health-care facilities, and insurance schemes were the predictors used to predict nearly 80% of the cost. The estimated cost based on the fitted model can be employed for hospital management and health-care planning.
Charge symmetry breaking in $Λ$ hypernuclei revisited
Creators: name: Gal, Avraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The large charge symmetry breaking (CSB) implied by the $Λ$ binding energy difference $ΔB^{4}_Λ(0^+_{\rm g.s.})\equiv B_Λ(_Λ^4$He)$-$$B_Λ(_Λ^4$H) = 0.35$\pm$0.06 MeV of the $A=4$ mirror hypernuclei ground states, determined from emulsion studies, has defied theoretical attempts to reproduce it in terms of CSB in hyperon masses and in hyperon-nucleon interactions, including one pion exchange arising from $Λ-Σ^0$ mixing. Using a schematic strong-interaction $ΛN\leftrightarrowΣN$ coupling model developed by Akaishi and collaborators for $s$-shell $Λ$ hypernuclei, we revisit the evaluation of CSB in the $A=4$ $Λ$ hypernuclei and extend it to $p$-shell mirror $Λ$ hypernuclei. The model yields values of $ΔB^{4}_Λ (0^+_{\rm g.s.})\sim 0.25$ MeV. Smaller size and mostly negative $p$-shell binding energy differences are calculated for the $A=7-10$ mirror hypernuclei, in rough agreement with the few available data. CSB is found to reduce by almost 30 keV the 110 keV $_{~Λ}^{10}$B g.s. doublet splitting anticipated from the hyperon-nucleon strong-interaction spin dependence, thereby explaining the persistent experimental failure to observe the $2^-_{\rm exc}\to 1^-_{\rm g.s.}$ $γ$-ray transition.
description: a few clarifying statements added to v2; matches published PLB version plus a note added after publication on p.13
(100128) James Dawson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Chemical diversity of the atmospheres and interiors of sub-Neptunes: a case study of GJ 436 b
Creators: name: Guzmán-Mesa, A.
name: Kitzmann, D.
name: Mordasini, C.
name: Heng, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The atmospheres of sub-Neptunes are expected to exhibit considerable chemical diversity, beyond what is anticipated for gas-giant exoplanets. In the current study, we construct self-consistent radiative transfer and equilibrium chemistry models to explore this chemical diversity. We use GJ 436 b as a case study to further study joint atmosphere-interior models. In particular, we constrain the properties of the interior and atmosphere of the planet based on the available Spitzer measurements. While it is possible to fit the emission spectrum of GJ 436 b using a high-metallicity model, we demonstrate that such an atmosphere is inconsistent with physically plausible interior structures. It remains the case that no existing study can adequately fit the 4.5-micron Spitzer secondary eclipse measurement, which is probably caused by chemical disequilibrium. Finally, an information content analysis reveals that emission and transmission spectra constrain the carbon-to-oxygen ratio and metallicity at different wavelengths, but the former are less susceptible to flat spectra stemming from highly metal-enriched atmospheres. With the recently-launched JWST, we recommend that future analysis of emission and transmission spectra of sub-Neptune planets are carried out self-consistently using both the atmospheric and interior structure models.
description: 23 pages, 15 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Is there evidence for dark energy evolution?
Creators: name: Ding, Xuheng
name: Biesiada, Marek
name: Cao, Shuo
name: Li, Zhengxiang
name: Zhu, Zong-Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, Sahni, Shafielo o & Starobinsky (2014) combined two independent measurements of $H(z)$ from BAO data with the value of the Hubble constant $H_0 = H(z=0)$, in order to test the cosmological constant hypothesis by means of an improved version of the $Om$ diagnostic. Their result indicated a considerable tension between observations and predictions of the $Λ$CDM model. However, such strong conclusion was based only on three measurements of $H(z)$. This motivated us to repeat similar work on a larger sample. By using a comprehensive data set of 29 $H(z)$, we find that discrepancy indeed exists. Even though the value of $Ω_{m,0} h^2$ inferred from $Omh^2$ diagnostic depends on the way one chooses to make a summary statistics (weighted mean or the median), the persisting discrepancy supports the claims of Sahni, Shafielo o & Starobinsky (2014) that $Λ$CDM model may not be the best description of our Universe.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for publication in the ApJL
Lifecycle Health Technology Assessment Methods or Frameworks using Real World Evidence: A Scoping Review Protocol
Creators: name: Carter, Caitlin
name: Jiahao Zhao
name: Masucci, Lisa
name: Wong, William WL
name: Chan, Kelvin KW
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: scoping review

description: This scoping review seeks to explore the literature on methods or frameworks for life-cycle health technology assessment using real-world evidence. This scoping review is guided by the scoping review framework proposed by Arksey and O’Malley (2005), updated by Levac et al. (2010) and The Joanna Briggs Institute (2015).
S-DABT: Schedule and Dependency-Aware Bug Triage in Open-Source Bug Tracking Systems
Creators: name: Jahanshahi, Hadi
name: Cevik, Mucahit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Fixing bugs in a timely manner lowers various potential costs in software maintenance. However, manual bug fixing scheduling can be time-consuming, cumbersome, and error-prone. In this paper, we propose the Schedule and Dependency-aware Bug Triage (S-DABT), a bug triaging method that utilizes integer programming and machine learning techniques to assign bugs to suitable developers. Unlike prior works that largely focus on a single component of the bug reports, our approach takes into account the textual data, bug fixing costs, and bug dependencies. We further incorporate the schedule of developers in our formulation to have a more comprehensive model for this multifaceted problem. As a result, this complete formulation considers developers' schedules and the blocking effects of the bugs while covering the most significant aspects of the previously proposed methods. Our numerical study on four open-source software systems, namely, EclipseJDT, LibreOffice, GCC, and Mozilla, shows that taking into account the schedules of the developers decreases the average bug fixing times. We find that S-DABT leads to a high level of developer utilization through a fair distribution of the tasks among the developers and efficient use of the free spots in their schedules. Via the simulation of the issue tracking system, we also show how incorporating the schedule in the model formulation reduces the bug fixing time, improves the assignment accuracy, and utilizes the capability of each developer without much comprising in the model run times. We find that S-DABT decreases the complexity of the bug dependency graph by prioritizing blocking bugs and effectively reduces the infeasible assignment ratio due to bug dependencies. Consequently, we recommend considering developers' schedules while automating bug triage.
description: An extension of "DABT: A Dependency-aware Bug Triaging Method" arXiv:2104.12744
Bracteacoccus genome
Creators: name: 平 红 梁(Hongping Liang)
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2023
Subjects: Genome sequencing and assembly
Raw sequence reads
Multispecies
Environmental

description: 面对能源短缺和环境污染两大严峻问题，第三代生物燃料“产油微藻”是极具前景的新能源。产油微藻广泛分布于海水、淡水和微咸水，以及工业废水等环境中。其在缺氮、干旱、高温等胁迫下以甘油三酯（TAG）的形式储存所固定的太阳能与二氧化碳，具有生长迅速、甘油三酯含量高、富含多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）等优点。本研究以产油微藻为研究对象，结合基因组，转录组，代谢组探究其在不同胁迫环境下代谢流的变化。
Metal-Free Assemblage of Four C−N and Two C−C Bonds via a Cascade Five Component Diastereoselective Synthesis of Pyrido[1,2-a]Pyrimidines
Creators: name: Heravi, Majid Mommahed
name: Atieh Rezvanian
name: Alinaghian, Fereshteh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 30302 Nanochemistry and Supramolecular Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30502 Natural Products Chemistry
subject: 30205 Non-metal Chemistry
subject: Nuclear Chemistry
subject: 30303 Optical Properties of Materials
subject: 30503 Organic Chemical Synthesis
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: 30599 Organic Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: 30504 Organic Green Chemistry

description: An efficient heteroannulation synthesis of N‐fused, pyrido[1,2‐a]pyrimidines was successfully achieved via a sequential, one‐pot five‐component reaction, involving primary amines, diketene (DK), differently substituted aromatic aldehydes, nitro ketene dithioacetal and propanediamine in ethanol at 70 °C. This new protocol constructs two rings through the formation of four C–N and two C–C bonds via a one pot sequential reaction involving ring‐opening/ Knoevenagel condensation, /nucleophilic substitution (SN)/ Michael addition followed by imine−enamine tautomerization and final N‐heterocyclization. The method is particularly attractive due to the advantages such as: atom economy, optimum convergence, commercially available or readily accessible starting materials, high bond‐forming efficiency, free metal‐catalyst and mild reaction conditions. The products were isolated by just decantation of the solvent and purification without using column chromatography method
Private Demand for Cholera Vaccines in Hue, Vietnam
Creators: name: Canh, Do
name: Thuy, Dang
name: Thoa, Le
name: Nyamete, Andrew
name: Thiem, Vu
name: Poulos, Christine
name: Deen, Jacqueline
name: Whittington, Dale
name: Kim, Dohyeong
name: Clemens, John
name: Cook, Joe
name: Anh, Dang
name: Hoa, Nguyen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Objectives: This study aims to measure the private demand for oral cholera vaccines in Hue, Vietnam, an area of relatively low endemicity of cholera, using the contingent valuation method.MethodsInterviews were conducted with either the head of household or spouse in 800 randomly selected households with children less than 18 years old. Respondents were asked whether they would purchase an oral cholera vaccine with different levels of effectiveness and durations of effectiveness (both for themselves and for other household members) at a specified price.ResultsThe median respondent willingness to pay for 50% effective/3-year vaccine was estimated to be approximately $5, although 17% of the study sample would not pay for a cholera vaccine. The median economic benefit to a household of vaccinating all household members against cholera, as measured by its stated willingness to pay, was estimated to be $40 for a vaccine with these attributes.ConclusionsThe perceived private economic benefits of a cholera vaccine were high, but not evenly distributed across the population. A minority of the people in Hue place no value on receiving a cholera vaccine.
Existence of Static Dyonic Black Holes in $4d$ $N = 1$ Supergravity With Finite Energy
Creators: name: Akbar, Fiki Taufik
name: Gunara, Bobby Eka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 83C57, 83C10, 83E50

description: We prove the existence and the uniqueness of the static dyonic black holes in four dimensional $N=1$ supergravity theory coupled vector and scalar multiplets. We set the near-horizon geometry to be a product of two Einstein surfaces, whereas the asymptotic geometry has to be a space of constant scalar curvature. Using these data, we show that there exist a unique solution for scalar fields which interpolates these regions.
description: 10 pages, no figure. Typos corrected and some references added
(100129) Henry Diddams
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(100125) Jane Davies
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Evolutionary outcomes for pairs of planets undergoing orbital migration and circularization: second order resonances and observed period ratios in Kepler's planetary systems
Creators: name: Xiang-Gruess, M.
name: Papaloizou, J. C. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to study the origin of the architectures of low mass planetary systems, we perform numerical surveys of the evolution of pairs of coplanar planets in the mass range $(1-4)\ \rmn{M}_{\oplus}.$ These evolve for up to $2\times10^7 \rmn{yr}$ under a range of orbital migration torques and circularization rates assumed to arise through interaction with a protoplanetary disc. Near the inner disc boundary, significant variations of viscosity, interaction with density waves or with the stellar magnetic field could occur and halt migration, but allow ircularization to continue. This was modelled by modifying the migration and circularization rates. Runs terminated without an extended period of circularization in the absence of migration torques gave rise to either a collision, or a system close to a resonance. These were mostly first order with a few $\%$ terminating in second order resonances. Both planetary eccentricities were small $< 0.1$ and all resonant angles liberated. This type of survey produced only a limited range of period ratios and cannot reproduce Kepler observations. When circularization alone operates in the final stages, divergent migration occurs causing period ratios to increase. Depending on its strength the whole period ratio range between $1$ and $2$ can be obtained. A few systems close to second order commensurabilities also occur. In contrast to when arising through convergent migration, resonant trapping does not occur and resonant angles circulate. Thus the behaviour of the resonant angles may indicate the form of migration that led to near resonance.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures, 2014, MNRAS, 449, 3043
On the implications of positive W mass shift
Creators: name: Balkin, Reuven
name: Madge, Eric
name: Menzo, Tony
name: Perez, Gilad
name: Soreq, Yotam
name: Zupan, Jure
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the phenomenological implications of the recent $W$ mass measurement by the CDF collaboration, which exhibits tension with the standard model (SM) electroweak fit. Performing the fit to the electroweak observables within the SM effective field theory, we find that the new physics that contributes either to the determination of the electroweak vacuum expectation value, or to the oblique parameters, can improve the agreement with data. The best description is obtained from a fit where flavor universality is not required in the new physics operators, with 2 to 3 $σ$ indications for several nonzero Wilson coefficients. We point out that top partners with order TeV masses could lead to the observed shift in the $W$ mass.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures, 1 Table, version matching the published one
A PDE Approach to Data-driven Sub-Riemannian Geodesics in SE(2)
Creators: name: Bekkers, Erik J.
name: Duits, Remco
name: Mashtakov, Alexey
name: Sanguinetti, Gonzalo R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a new flexible wavefront propagation algorithm for the boundary value problem for sub-Riemannian (SR) geodesics in the roto-translation group $SE(2) = \mathbb{R}^2 \rtimes S^1$ with a metric tensor depending on a smooth external cost $\mathcal{C}:SE(2) \to [δ,1]$, $δ>0$, computed from image data. The method consists of a first step where a SR-distance map is computed as a viscosity solution of a Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman (HJB) system derived via Pontryagin's Maximum Principle (PMP). Subsequent backward integration, again relying on PMP, gives the SR-geodesics. For $\mathcal{C}=1$ we show that our method produces the global minimizers. Comparison with exact solutions shows a remarkable accuracy of the SR-spheres and the SR-geodesics. We present numerical computations of Maxwell points and cusp points, which we again verify for the uniform cost case $\mathcal{C}=1$. Regarding image analysis applications, tracking of elongated structures in retinal and synthetic images show that our line tracking generically deals with crossings. We show the benefits of including the sub-Riemannian geometry.
description: Extended version of SSVM 2015 conference article "Data-driven Sub-Riemannian Geodesics in SE(2)"
Cost-Effectiveness of New-Generation Oral Cholera Vaccines: A Multisite Analysis
Creators: name: Whittington, Dale
name: Poulos, Christine
name: Cook, Joseph
name: Clemens, John
name: Jeuland, Marc
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Objectives: We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of a low-cost cholera vaccine licensed and used in Vietnam, using recently collected data from four developing countries where cholera is endemic. Our analysis incorporated new findings on vaccine herd protective effects. Methods: Using data from Matlab, Bangladesh, Kolkata, India, North Jakarta, Indonesia, and Beira, Mozambique, we calculated the net public cost per disability-adjusted life year avoided for three immunization strategies: 1) school-based vaccination of children 5 to 14 years of age; 2) school-based vaccination of school children plus use of the schools to vaccinate children aged 1 to 4 years; and 3) community-based vaccination of persons aged 1 year and older. Results: We determined cost-effectiveness when vaccine herd protection was or was not considered, and compared this with commonly accepted cutoffs of gross domestic product (GDP) per person to classify interventions as cost-effective or very-cost effective. Without including herd protective effects, deployment of this vaccine would be cost-effective only in school-based programs in Kolkata and Beira. In contrast, after considering vaccine herd protection, all three programs were judged very cost-effective in Kolkata and Beira. Because these cost-effectiveness calculations include herd protection, the results are dependent on assumed vaccination coverage rates. Conclusions: Ignoring the indirect effects of cholera vaccination has led to underestimation of the cost-effectiveness of vaccination programs with oral cholera vaccines. Once these effects are included, use of the oral killed whole cell vaccine in programs to control endemic cholera meets the per capita GDP criterion in several developing country settings.
Simulation and physical model based gamma-ray burst afterglow analysis
Creators: name: van Eerten, Hendrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Advances in our numerical and theoretical understanding of gamma-ray burst afterglow processes allow us to construct models capable of dealing with complex relativistic jet dynamics and non-thermal emission, that can be compared directly to data from instruments such as Swift. Because afterglow blast waves and power law spectra are intrinsically scale-invariant under changes of explosion energy and medium density, templates can be generated from large-scale hydrodynamics simulations. This allows for iterative template-based model fitting using the physical model parameters (quantifying the properties of the burster, emission and observer) directly as fit variables. Here I review how such an approach to afterglow analysis works in practice, paying special attention to the underlying model assumptions, possibilities, caveats and limitations of this type of analysis. Because some model parameters can be degenerate in certain regions of parameter space, or unconstrained if data in a limited number of a bands is available, a Bayesian approach is a natural fit. The main features of the standard afterglow model are reviewed in detail.
description: Invited contribution to Journal of High Energy Astrophysics special issue "Swift: 10 years of discovery". Replaced with expanded version matching JHEAP publication
Kinematics of the X-shaped Milky Way Bulge: Expectations from a Self-consistent N-body Model
Creators: name: Qin, Yujing
name: Shen, Juntai
name: Li, Zhao-Yu
name: Mao, Shude
name: Smith, Martin C.
name: Rich, R. Michael
name: Kunder, Andrea
name: Liu, Chao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the kinematics (both the radial velocity and the proper motion) of the vertical X-shaped feature in the Milky Way with an N-body bar/bulge model. From the solar perspective, the distance distribution of particles is double-peaked in fields passing through the X-shape. The separation and amplitude ratio between the two peaks qualitatively match the observed trends towards the Galactic bulge. We confirm clear signatures of cylindrical rotation in the pattern of mean radial velocity across the bar/bulge region. We also find possible imprints of coherent orbital motion inside the bar structure in the radial velocity distribution along l=0 degree, where the near and far sides of the bar/bulge show excesses of approaching and receding particles. The coherent orbital motion is also reflected in the slight displacement of the zero-velocity-line in the mean radial velocity, and the displacement of the maximum/minimum in the mean longitudinal proper motion across the bulge region. We find some degree of anisotropy in the stellar velocity within the X-shape, but the underlying orbital family of the X-shape cannot be clearly distinguished. Two potential applications of the X-shape in previous literature are tested, i.e., bulge rotation and Galactic center measurements. We find that the proper motion difference between the two sides of the X-shape can be used to estimate the mean azimuthal streaming motion of the bulge, but not the pattern speed of the bar. We also demonstrate that the Galactic center can be located with the X-shape, but the accuracy depends on the fitting scheme, the number of fields, and their latitudinal coverage.
description: Minor changes to match the ApJ accepted version; 17 pages; emulateapj format. The electronic tables of our model result are available upon request
(100126) Anne Davis
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Restructuring TCAD System: Teaching Traditional TCAD New Tricks
Creators: name: Myung, Sanghoon
name: Jang, Wonik
name: Jin, Seonghoon
name: Choe, Jae Myung
name: Jeong, Changwook
name: Kim, Dae Sin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Traditional TCAD simulation has succeeded in predicting and optimizing the device performance; however, it still faces a massive challenge - a high computational cost. There have been many attempts to replace TCAD with deep learning, but it has not yet been completely replaced. This paper presents a novel algorithm restructuring the traditional TCAD system. The proposed algorithm predicts three-dimensional (3-D) TCAD simulation in real-time while capturing a variance, enables deep learning and TCAD to complement each other, and fully resolves convergence errors.
description: In Proceedings of 2021 IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting (IEDM)
Quantifying Women's Stated Benefit–Risk Trade-Off Preferences for IBS Treatment Outcomes
Creators: name: Hauber, A. Brett
name: Lynd, Larry
name: Johnson, F. Reed
name: Özdemir, Semra
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Background: The Food and Drug Administration, currently, is exploring quantitative benefit–risk methods to support regulatory decision-making. A scientifically valid method for assessing patients' benefit–risk trade-off preferences is needed to compare risks and benefits in a common metric. Objectives: The study aims to quantify the maximum acceptable risk (MAR) of treatment-related adverse events (AEs) that women with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are willing to accept in exchange for symptom relief. Methods: Research design: A stated-choice survey was used to elicit trade-off preferences among constructed treatment profiles, each defined by symptom severity and treatment-related AEs. Symptom attributes included frequency of abdominal pain and discomfort, frequency of diarrhea, and frequency of urgency. AE attributes included frequency of mild-to-moderate constipation and the risk of four possible serious AEs. Subjects: A Web-enabled survey was administered to 589 female US residents at least 18 years of age with a self-reported diagnosis of diarrhea-predominant IBS. Measures: Preference weights and MAR were estimated using mixed-logit methods. Results: Subjects were willing to accept higher risks of serious AEs in return for treatments offering better symptom control. For an improvement from the lowest to the highest of four benefit levels, subjects were willing to tolerate a 2.65% increase in impacted-bowel risk, but only a 1.34% increase in perforated-bowel risk. Conclusions: Variation in MARs across AE types is consistent with the relative seriousness of the AEs. Stated-preference methods offer a scientifically valid approach to quantifying benefit–risk trade-off preferences that can be used to inform regulatory decision-making.
Boas práticas - Emerald Publishing - EnANPAD 2020
Creators: name: Jun, Andre
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: ANPAD
Emerald

description: Guia com links sobre Boas práticas - Emerald Publishing apresentado no dia 16 de outubro de 2020 no EnANPAD / ANPAD, durante o Encontro com Editores.
Validity of the ICFT R-matrix method: Be-like Al$^{9+}$ a case study
Creators: name: Fernández-Menchero, L.
name: Del Zanna, G.
name: Badnell, N. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have carried-out 98-level configuration-interaction / close-coupling (CI/CC) intermediate coupling frame transformation (ICFT) and Breit-Pauli R-matrix calculations for the electron-impact excitation of Be-like Al$^{9+}$. The close agreement that we find between the two sets of effective collision strengths demonstrates the continued robustness of the ICFT method. On the other hand, a comparison of this data with previous 238-level CI/CC ICFT effective collision strengths shows that the results for excitation up to n=4 levels are systematically and increasingly underestimated over a wide range of temperatures by R-matrix calculations whose close-coupling expansion extends only to n=4 (98-levels). Thus, we find to be false a recent conjecture that the ICFT approach may not be completely robust. The conjecture was based upon a comparison of 98-level CI/CC Dirac R-matrix effective collision strengths for Al$^{9+}$ with those from the 238-level CI/CC ICFT R-matrix calculations. The disagreement found recently is due to a lack of convergence of the close-coupling expansion in the 98-level CI/CC Dirac work. The earlier 238-level CI/CC ICFT work has a superior target to the 98-level CI/CC Dirac one and provides more accurate atomic data. Similar considerations need to be made for other Be-like ions and for other sequences.
description: 11 pages, 12 color online figures, 4 tables, 27 references. Accepted in MNRAS
Non-leptonic decays of Charmed mesons into two Pseudoscalars
Creators: name: Biswas, Aritra
name: Sinha, Nita
name: Abbas, Gauhar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the role of resonant coupled channel final state interactions (FSI), as well as weak annihilation and exchange contributions in explaining all the two body hadronic $D\rightarrow PP$ decay modes data. In the un-unitarized amplitudes we include modified Wilson coefficients with non-factorizable corrections as parameters. For the hadronic form factors, the z-series expansion method is used to get the $q^2$ dependence. The FSI effects are incorporated via a phenomenological approach with widths of resonances to various channels taken from observations where available, and others as additional parameters to be determined from fits of all the theoretical rates to the measured ones. Our results for the rather hard to explain $D^0\rightarrow K^+K^-, π^+π^- $ are in agreement with measured values. We demonstrate that both weak exchange as well as FSI effects are required to get the correct branching ratio for the $D^ \rightarrow K^0\bar{K^0}$ mode. Using our unitarized amplitudes we evaluate the strong phase difference between the amplitudes for $D^0\rightarrow K^-π^+$ and $D^0\rightarrow K^+π^-$ and find it to be in complete agreement with the recent BES III result.
description: 33 pages, 2 figures, Error in one of the experimental branching ratio corrected and fits redone. Main conclusions remain unaltered, additional concluding statements added, references and acknowledgements updated
Polynomial and multilinear Hardy--Littlewood inequalities: analytical and numerical approaches
Creators: name: Campos, J.
name: Cavalcante, W.
name: Fávaro, V.
name: Nuñez-Alarcón, D.
name: Pellegrino, D.
name: Serrano-Rodríguez, D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate the growth of the polynomial and multilinear Hardy--Littlewood inequalities. Analytical and numerical approaches are performed and, in particular, among other results, we show that a simple application of the best known constants of the Clarkson inequality improves a recent result of Araujo et al. We also obtain the optimal constants of the generalized Hardy--Littlewood inequality in some special cases.
description: The title was modified. The computer-assisted part of the previous version is now fixed and this new version has a new section which corresponds to the arXiv submission 1504.04207. The arXiv submission 1504.04207 does not exist as an independent paper and now is part of the present paper
title: A Problem Aired: Exploring Radio Therapeutic Discourse and Ethical Self-Formation
Creators: name: Hodges, Ian Colin
Publisher: name: Goldsmiths, University of London
Year: 1998

description: The operation of power within psychotherapeutic practice is explored within a media (radio) counselling setting utilising a discourse analytic approach informed by Foucault's later work (1988, 1992). I argue that psychotherapeutic practices tend to escape the problem of power and following a review of psychotherapy 'process' research, a Foucauldian theoretical framework is presented - drawing upon Foucault's account of ethics (1992) - as providing a means to understand the counselling process as discursive and the operation of power in relation to regulatory practices of the self. A three-part discourse analysis is reported in which media therapeutic exchanges (broadcast telephone conversations) are explored in relation to (discursive) modes of subjection, processes of problematisation and the relation of the exchange to the overhearing audience. The results of the analysis are discussed with reference to the range of means through which clients may be made responsible for their own 'cure' and the manner in which therapeutic discourse has been able to adapt itself to a contemporary media setting.
The Impact of Inclination-dependent Attenuation on Ultraviolet Star Formation Rate Tracers
Creators: name: Doore, Keith
name: Eufrasio, Rafael T.
name: Lehmer, Bret D.
name: Monson, Erik B.
name: Basu-Zych, Antara
name: Garofali, Kristen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine and quantify how hybrid (e.g., UV+IR) star formation rate (SFR) estimators and the $A_{\rm FUV}$-$β$ relation depend on inclination for disk-dominated galaxies using spectral energy distribution modeling that utilizes the inclination-dependent attenuation curves described in Doore et al. We perform this analysis on a sample of 133 disk-dominated galaxies from the CANDELS fields and 18 disk galaxies from the Spitzer Infrared Nearby Galaxies Survey and Key Insights on Nearby Galaxies: A Far-Infrared Survey with Herschel samples. We find that both the hybrid SFR estimators and the $A_{\rm FUV}$-$β$ relation present clear dependencies on inclination. To quantify this dependence in the hybrid SFR estimators, we derive an inclination and a far-UV and near-IR color-dependent parametric relation for converting observed UV and IR luminosities into SFRs. For the $A_{\rm FUV}$-$β$ relation, we introduce an inclination-dependent component that accounts for the majority of the inclination dependence with the scatter of the relation increasing with inclination. We then compare both of these inclination-dependent relations to similar inclination-independent relations found in the literature. From this comparison, we find that the UV+IR correction factor and $A_{\rm FUV}$ for our hybrid and $A_{\rm FUV}$-$β$ relations, respectively, result in a reduction in the residual scatter of our sample by approximately a factor of 2. Therefore, we demonstrate that inclination must be considered in hybrid SFR estimators and the $A_{\rm FUV}$-$β$ relation to produce more accurate SFR estimates in disk-dominated galaxies.
description: 24 pages, 15 figures. 23 page body and 1 page appendix. Updated with published version
Exact 3D scattering solutions for spherical symmetric scatterers
Creators: name: Venås, Jon Vegard
name: Jenserud, Trond
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, exact solutions to the problem of acoustic scattering by elastic spherical symmetric scatterers are developed. The scatterer may consist of an arbitrary number of fluid and solid layers, and scattering with single Neumann conditions (replacing Neumann-to-Neumann conditions) is added. The solution is obtained by separation of variables, resulting in an infinite series which must be truncated for numerical evaluation. The implemented numerical solution is exact in the sense that numerical error is solely due to round-off errors, which will be shown using the symbolic toolbox in MATLAB. A system of benchmark problems is proposed for future reference. Numerical examples are presented, including comparisons with reference solutions, far-field patterns and near-field plots of the benchmark problems, and time-dependent solutions obtained by Fourier transformation.