cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ondansetron use in early pregnancy and the risk of miscarriage
Creators: name: Stürmer, T.
name: Lund, J.L.
name: Engel, S.M.
name: Jonsson Funk, M.
name: Boggess, K.
name: Suarez, E.A.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Ltd
Year: 2021

description: Background: Ondansetron is commonly used to treat nausea and vomiting in pregnancy despite inconclusive evidence of its safety. Previous studies have reported no increase in risk of miscarriage but relied on methods that failed to account for gestational weeks at risk and non-user comparators, which may increase the potential for unmeasured confounding. Our objective was to estimate the risk of miscarriage among women prescribed ondansetron vs alternative antiemetics during the first 20 weeks of pregnancy. Methods: A pregnancy cohort was created using electronic health record data from a health care system in North Carolina. Women were classified as exposed to either ondansetron or comparator antiemetics (metoclopramide or promethazine) based on the first antiemetic prescription received in the first 20 weeks of gestation. Cumulative incidence of miscarriage at 20 weeks was estimated in each antiemetic group. Hazard ratios (HR) were estimated with 95% confidence intervals and measured confounding was controlled using inverse probability of treatment weights. Sensitivity analyses assessed the potential impact of exposure misclassification, latency period, and selection bias. Results: We identified 2620 eligible pregnancies with antiemetic orders; 65% had a first ondansetron order and 35% had a first comparator antiemetic order. In total, 95 women had a miscarriage. After adjustment, there was no difference in risk of miscarriage (HR 1.21, 95% CI 0.77, 1.90). Results from the per-protocol and other sensitivity analyses were similar to the main analysis. Conclusions: We did not observe an increase in the risk of miscarriage for pregnancies exposed to ondansetron vs comparator antiemetics.
title: Charakterisierung expandierter ultradünner DLC-Folien für die Laser-Protonenbeschleunigung
Creators: name: Nolte, Mathis
Publisher: name: Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Lasererzeugtes Plasma
subject: Teilchenbeschleunigung
subject: MULTI-fs Simulation
subject: 530

description: Die in dieser Arbeit betrachteten Parameter mit ihren Abhängigkeiten von der Laserintensität können weiteren PIC-Simulationen als Inputparameter gegeben werden. Diese betrachten das Problem der Laser-Plasma-Wechselwirkung kinetisch und könnten so in Verbindung mit den Ergebnissen der MULTIfs Simulationen zu einem besseren Verständnis der gesamten Laser-Plasma-Wechselwirkung führen.
Zentralismus als (Mit-)Ursache schwerer Kirchenkonflikte
Creators: name: Bommer, Josef
name: Herbstrith, Waltraud
name: Krätzl, Helmut
name: Stark, Axel H.
name: Jantsch, Franz
name: Schmidtmayr, Hartwin
Publisher: name: Diakonia
Year: 1970

description: Diakonia, Bd. 20 Nr. 6 (1989): Diakonia, Band 20, Heft 6
Light Higgs channel of the resonant decay of magnon condensate in superfluid $^3$He-B
Creators: name: Zavjalov, V. V.
name: Autti, S.
name: Eltsov, V. B.
name: Heikkinen, P.
name: Volovik, G. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In superfluids the order parameter, which describes spontaneous symmetry breaking, is an analogue of the Higgs field in the Standard Model of particle physics. Oscillations of the field amplitude are massive Higgs bosons, while oscillations of the orientation are massless Nambu-Goldstone bosons. The 125~GeV Higgs boson, discovered at Large Hadron Collider, is light compared to electroweak energy scale, which led to a suggestion of the ``little Higgs'' extension of the Standard Model, in which the light Higgs appears as a NG mode acquiring mass due to violation of a hidden symmetry. Here we show that such light Higgs exists in superfluid $^3$He-B, where one of three Nambu-Goldstone spin-wave modes acquires small mass due to the spin-orbit interaction. Other modes become optical and acoustic magnons. We observe parametric decay of Bose-Einstein condensate of optical magnons to light Higgs modes and decay of optical to acoustic magnons. Formation of a light Higgs from a Nambu-Goldstone mode observed in $^3$He-B opens a possibility that such scenario can be realized in other systems, where violation of some hidden symmetry is possible, including the Standard Model.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Regularity of spectral fractional Dirichlet and Neumann problems
Creators: name: Grubb, Gerd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35P99, 35S15, 47G30

description: Consider the fractional powers $(A_{\operatorname{Dir}})^a$ and $(A_{\operatorname{Neu}})^a$ of the Dirichlet and Neumann realizations of a second-order strongly elliptic differential operator $A$ on a smooth bounded subset $Ω$ of ${\Bbb R}^n$. Recalling the results on complex powers and complex interpolation of domains of elliptic boundary value problems by Seeley in the 1970's, we demonstrate how they imply regularity properties in full scales of $H^s_p$-Sobolev spaces and Hölder spaces, for the solutions of the associated equations. Extensions to nonsmooth situations for low values of $s$ are derived by use of recent results on $H^\infty $-calculus. We also include an overview of the various Dirichlet- and Neumann-type boundary problems associated with the fractional Laplacian.
description: 14 pages, final version to appear in Mathematische Nachrichten
Lack of associations of ten candidate coronary heart disease risk genetic variants and subclinical atherosclerosis in four U.S. populations: The Population Architecture using Genomics and Epidemiology (PAGE) study
Creators: name: North, Kari E.
name: Boston, Jonathan
name: Brown-Gentry, Kristin D.
name: Ritchie, Marylyn D.
name: Nato, Alejandro Q.
name: Kao, W.H. Linda
name: Zhang, Lili
name: Franceschini, Nora
name: Buzkova, Petra
name: Wilson, Sarah
name: Wassel, Christina L.
name: Matise, Tara C.
name: Jenny, Nancy S.
name: Crawford, Dana C.
name: Roman, Mary J.
name: Deelman, Ewa
name: Heiss, Gerardo
name: Cole, Shelley A.
name: McClellan, Bob E.
name: Jorgensen, Neal W.
name: Goodloe, Robert
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: A number of genetic variants have been discovered by recent genome-wide association studies for their associations with clinical coronary heart disease (CHD). However, it is unclear whether these variants are also associated with the development of CHD as measured by subclinical atherosclerosis phenotypes, ankle brachial index (ABI), carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT) and carotid plaque.
Klein tunneling and supercollimation of pseudospin-1 electromagnetic waves
Creators: name: Fang, A.
name: Zhang, Z. Q.
name: Louie, Steven G.
name: Chan, C. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pseudospin plays a central role in many novel physical properties of graphene and other artificial systems which have pseudospins of 1/2. Here we show that in certain photonic crystals (PCs) exhibiting conical dispersions at k = 0, the eigenmodes near the "Dirac-like point" can be described by an effective spin-orbit Hamiltonian with a pseudospin of 1, treating wave propagations in the upper cone, the lower cone and a flat band (corresponding to zero refractive index) within a unified framework. The 3-component spinor gives rise to boundary conditions distinct from those of pseudospin-1/2, leading to new wave transport behaviors as manifested in Klein tunneling and supercollimation. For example, collimation can be realized more easily with pseudospin-1 than pseudospin-1/2. The special wave scattering properties of pseudospin-1 photons, coupled with the discovery that the effective photonic "potential" can be varied by a simple change of length scale, may offer new ways to control photon transport.
description: 34 pages, 6 figures
Neurotoxicity of Ortho-Phthalates: Recommendations for Critical Policy Reforms to Protect Brain Development in Children
Creators: name: Engel, S.M.
name: Swanson, M.
name: Whyatt, R.M.
name: Zota, A.R.
name: Hauser, R.
name: Bennet, D.H.
name: Brody, C.
name: Patisaul, H.B.
Publisher: name: American Public Health Association Inc.
Year: 2021

description: Robust data from longitudinal birth cohort studies and experimental studies of perinatally exposed animals indicate that exposure to ortho-phthalates can impair brain development and increase risks for learning, attention, and behavioral disorders in childhood. This growing body of evidence, along with known adverse effects on male reproductive tract development, calls for immediate action. Exposures are ubiquitous; the majority of people are exposed to multiple ortho-phthalates simultaneously. We thus recommend that a class approach be used in assessing health impacts as has been done with other chemical classes. We propose critically needed policy reforms to eliminate ortho-phthalates from products that lead to exposure of pregnant women, women of reproductive age, infants, and children. Specific attention should be focused on reducing exposures among socially vulnerable populations such as communities of color, who frequently experience higher exposures. Ortho-phthalates are used in a vast array of products and elimination will thus necessitate a multipronged regulatory approach at federal and state levels. The fact that manufacturers and retailers have already voluntarily removed ortho-phthalates from a wide range of products indicates that this goal is feasible.
Sex-influenced association of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with coronary heart disease
Creators: name: Wojczynski, Mary K.
name: Graff, Mariaelisa
name: North, Kari E.
name: Borecki, Ingrid B.
name: Feitosa, Mary F.
name: Reiner, Alexander P.
name: Carr, Jeffrey J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: This study investigated whether nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) predicts prevalent coronary heart disease (CHD).
title: Spannungsfeld Vereinbarkeit
title: Arbeitsaufteilung, Geschlechterrollen und  Aushandlungen im Paarkontext
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Kümmerling, Angelika
name: Zink, Lina
name: Jansen, Andreas
Publisher: name: Bertelsmann Stiftung
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/01wj9hk44
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025
Subjects: Hausarbeit
Sorgearbeit
Frauenerwerbsbeteiligung

description: Im Fokus der Studie des zweiten Teils der Reihe "Spannungsfeld Vereinbarkeit“ stehen die Arbeitsaufteilung, Geschlechterrollen und Aushandlungen zwischen Frauen und Männern in heterosexuellen Paarbeziehungen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen eine stark verzerrte  unterschiedliche Wahrnehmung über die Zuständigkeiten im Haushalt. Die ungleiche Verteilung der Haus- und Sorgearbeit und traditionelle Rollenbilder sind weiterhin ein Hemmnis für eine stärkere Erwerbsbeteiligung von Frauen.

Wichtige Erkenntnisse der Studie:

Verzerrte Unterschiedliche Wahrnehmung der Aufgabenteilung im Paar: Männer und Frauen in Paarbeziehungen haben sehr unterschiedliche Wahrnehmungen davon, wer im Haushalt für die Haus- und Sorgearbeit zuständig ist. Männer empfinden Zuständigkeiten für Haushaltsaufgaben deutlich gleichverteilter als Frauen.
Männer überschätzen ihren Beitrag: Selbst bei befragten Frauen und Männern, die sich Aufgaben nach dem Prinzip „Wir machen das gemeinsam“ teilen, leisten Frauen in der Woche deutlich mehr Stunden für Haushaltsarbeit und Kinderbetreuung. Insgesamt sind Frauen mit dieser ungleichen Aufgabenteilung deutlich unzufriedener als Männer.
Traditionelle Geschlechterrollen wirken nach wie vor: Traditionelle Rollenbilder beeinflussen weiterhin maßgeblich die Aufteilung von Erwerbs-, Haus- und Sorgearbeit. Sachbezogene Aspekte wie Infrastruktur und berufliche Möglichkeiten treten oft hinter den geschlechtsspezifischen Kompetenzzuschreibungen, wer was am besten kann, zurück.
Die Studie zeigt, dass der zeitliche Umfang für Erwerbsarbeit von Frauen tatsächlich von der Aufgabenlast im Haushalt bestimmt wird. Um Frauen in der Erwerbsbeteiligung zu stärken, müssen sie bei dieser Aufgabenlast unterstützt und vor allem die Verantwortung der Männer stärker in den Blick genommen werden. Damit die Haus- und Sorgearbeit zukünftig anders aufgeteilt werden kann, bedarf es einer intelligenten Verzahnung von Maßnahmen auf individueller, betrieblicher und politischer Ebene, die es Männern erlaubt, dieser Verantwortung nachzugehen.
Growth, socioeconomic position and later life outcomes in Guatemala, 1953–2017
Creators: name: Mansukoski, Liina
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 119999 Medical and Health Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other medical sciences

description: It is well-established that early life environmental exposures and later life health and non-communicable disease (NCD) risk are related, however, life course evidence from low- and middle-income countries is currently limited. Guatemala, a middle-income country located in Central America, is both one of the most income inequal and most stunted countries in the world. It is also the site of the Universidad del Valle de Guatemala (UVG) Longitudinal Study of Child and Adolescent Development. The study followed the growth of over 40,000 urban school children of different socioeconomic position (SEP) groups between 1953-1999. Previous research, on subsamples of the study, has identified socioeconomic inequalities in both physical growth and cognitive ability but the later life health of UVG Study individuals is unknown, as are the broader patterns of growth and development of the entire sample. [Continues.]
Gestational blood levels of toxic metal and essential element mixtures and associations with global DNA methylation in pregnant women and their infants
Creators: name: Engel, S.M.
name: Duale, N.
name: Skogheim, T.S.
name: Weyde, K.V.F.
name: Kamstra, J.H.
name: Caspersen, I.H.
name: Olsen, A.-K.
name: Meltzer, H.M.
name: Xia, Y.
name: Aase, H.
name: Villanger, G.D.
name: Biele, G.
Publisher: name: Elsevier B.V.
Year: 2021

description: Background: Pregnant women and their fetuses are exposed to multiple toxic metals that together with variations in essential element levels may alter epigenetic regulation, such as DNA methylation. Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate the associations between gestational levels of toxic metals and essential elements and mixtures thereof, with global DNA methylation levels in pregnant women and their newborn children. Methods: Using 631 mother-child pairs from a prospective birth cohort (The Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study), we measured maternal blood concentration (gestation week ~18) of five toxic metals and seven essential elements. We investigated associations as individual exposures and two-way interactions, using elastic net regression, and total mixture, using quantile g-computation, with blood levels of 5-methylcytocine (5mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) in mothers during pregnancy and their newborn children (cord blood). Multiple testing was adjusted for using the Benjamini and Hochberg false discovery rate (FDR) approach. Results: The most sensitive marker of DNA methylation appeared to be 5mC levels. In pregnant mothers, elastic net regression indicated associations between 5mC and selenium and lead (non-linear), while in newborns results indicated relationships between maternal selenium, cobalt (non-linear) and mercury and 5mC, as well as copper (non-linear) and 5hmC levels. Several possible two-way interactions were identified (e.g. arsenic and mercury, and selenium and maternal smoking in newborns). None of these findings met the FDR threshold for multiple testing. No net effect was observed in the joint (mixture) exposure-approach using quantile g-computation. Conclusion: We identified few associations between gestational levels of several toxic metals and essential elements and global DNA methylation in pregnant mothers and their newborn children. As DNA methylation dysregulation might be a key mechanism in disease development and thus of high importance for public health, our results should be considered as important candidates to investigate in future studies.
title: Fake News - Wirkmechanismen, Verbreitung und Erkennung insbesondere in Social Media
Creators: name: Schindler, Paulina
Publisher: name: Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Falschmeldung
subject: Wirkung
subject: Empfänger
subject: Erkennung
subject: Verbreitung
subject: Roboter
subject: Social Media
subject: 004
subject: 330

description: Fake News können in verschiedenen Formen auftreten. Zugehörige Wirkmechanismen, Verbreitungsmethoden und grundlegende Ansätze zu deren Erkennung werden in dieser Arbeit in breitem Umfang betrachtet und systematisiert aufbereitet. Dabei liegt der Fokus auf dem Social-Media-Bereich.
The ERLIN1-CHUK-CWF19L1 gene cluster influences liver fat deposition and hepatic inflammation in the NHLBI Family Heart Study
Creators: name: North, Kari E.
name: Carr, Jeffrey J.
name: Wojczynski, Mary K.
name: Feitosa, Mary F.
name: Borecki, Ingrid B.
name: Zhang, Qunyuan
name: Province, Michael A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) ranges from simple steatosis to hepatic inflammation to cirrhosis. We sought to identify common genetic variants contributing to NAFLD, using CT measured fatty liver (FL), and alanine aminotransferase levels (ALT), as a biochemical marker of hepatic inflammation.
Lipoprotein associated phospholipase A2 activity, apolipoprotein C3 loss-of-function variants and cardiovascular disease: The Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities Study
Creators: name: Sharrett, A. Richey
name: Ballantyne, Christie M.
name: Heiss, Gerardo
name: Boerwinkle, Eric
name: Sun, Wensheng
name: Pokharel, Yashashwi
name: Folsom, Aaron R.
name: Hoogeveen, Ron C.
name: Polfus, Linda M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (LpPLA2) activity was associated with higher CHD risk in a meta-analysis, which was partly dependent on circulating lipid levels. Apolipoprotein C3 loss-of-function (ApoC3 LOF) mutations were related with reduced postprandial lipemia and CHD risk. However, the association of LpPLA2 activity with ApoC3 LOF is not known.
Validity of self-report of lipid medication use: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Creators: name: Bhaskara, Sahiti
name: Ballantyne, Christie M.
name: Folsom, Aaron R.
name: Whitsel, Eric A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: To evaluate the validity of self-reported lipid medication use in an epidemiological study.
Orbital Anatomy for the Surgeon
Creators: name: Golden, Brent A.
name: Turvey, Timothy A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: An anatomic description of the orbit and its contents and the eyelids directed toward surgeons is the focus of this article. The bone and soft tissue anatomic nuances for surgery are highlighted, including a section on osteology, muscles, and the orbital suspensory system. Innervation and vascular anatomy are also addressed.
Information spreading in a large population of active transmitters and passive receivers
Creators: name: Aalto, Pekka
name: Leskelä, Lasse
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 60K35, 91D30, 92D25

description: This paper discusses a simple stochastic model for the spread of messages in a large population with two types of individuals: transmitters and receivers. Transmitters, after receiving the message, start spreading copies of the message to their neighbors. Receivers may receive the message, but will never spread it further. We derive approximations of the broadcast time and the first passage times of selected individuals in populations of size tending to infinity. These approximations explain how much the fact that only a fraction of the individuals are transmitters slows down the propagation of information. Our results also sharply characterize the statistical dependence structure of first passage times using Gumbel and logistic distributions of extreme value statistics.
description: 22 pages
Epigenetically mediated electrocardiographic manifestations of sub-chronic exposures to ambient particulate matter air pollution in the Women's Health Initiative and Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
Creators: name: Holliday, K.M.
name: Baldassari, A.
name: Horvath, S.
name: Hou, L.
name: Justice, A.E.
name: Bressler, J.
name: Engel, S.M.
name: Stewart, J.D.
name: Jordahl, K.M.
name: Guan, W.
name: Liao, D.
name: Conneely, K.N.
name: Bhatti, P.
name: Gondalia, R.
name: Sheps, D.
name: Li, Y.
name: Baccarelli, A.A.
name: Fornage, M.
name: Yanosky, J.D.
name: Assimes, T.L.
name: Whitsel, E.A.
name: North, K.E.
name: Demerath, E.W.
Publisher: name: Academic Press Inc.
Year: 2021

description: Background: Short-duration exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM) air pollution is associated with cardiac autonomic dysfunction and prolonged ventricular repolarization. However, associations with sub-chronic exposures to coarser particulates are relatively poorly characterized as are molecular mechanisms underlying their potential relationships with cardiovascular disease. Materials and methods: We estimated associations between monthly mean concentrations of PM < 10 μm and 2.5–10 μm in diameter (PM10; PM2.5-10) with time-domain measures of heart rate variability (HRV) and QT interval duration (QT) among U.S. women and men in the Women's Health Initiative and Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (nHRV = 82,107; nQT = 76,711). Then we examined mediation of the PM-HRV and PM-QT associations by DNA methylation (DNAm) at three Cytosine-phosphate-Guanine (CpG) sites (cg19004594, cg24102420, cg12124767) with known sensitivity to monthly mean PM concentrations in a subset of the participants (nHRV = 7,169; nQT = 6,895). After multiply imputing missing PM, electrocardiographic and covariable data, we estimated associations using attrition-weighted, linear, mixed, longitudinal models adjusting for sociodemographic, behavioral, meteorological, and clinical characteristics. We assessed mediation by estimating the proportions of PM-HRV and PM-QT associations mediated by DNAm. Results: We found little evidence of PM-HRV association, PM-QT association, or mediation by DNAm. Conclusions: The findings suggest that among racially/ethnically and environmentally diverse U.S. populations, sub-chronic exposures to coarser particulates may not exert appreciable, epigenetically mediated effects on cardiac autonomic function or ventricular repolarization. Further investigation in better-powered studies is warranted, with additional focus on shorter duration exposures to finer particulates and non-electrocardiographic outcomes among relatively susceptible populations.
Langford sequences and a product of digraphs
Creators: name: López, Susana-Clara
name: Muntaner-Batle, Francesc-Antoni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C78

description: Skolem and Langford sequences and their many generalizations have applications in numerous areas. The $\otimes_h$-product is a generalization of the direct product of digraphs. In this paper we use the $\otimes_h$-product and super edge-magic digraphs to construct an exponential number of Langford sequences with certain order and defect. We also apply this procedure to extended Skolem sequences.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, to appear in European Journal of Combinatorics
Gaseous VOCs rapidly modify particulate matter and its biological effects – Part 1: Simple VOCs and model PM
Creators: name: Jaspers, I.
name: Jeffries, H. E.
name: Zavala, J.
name: Ebersviller, S.
name: Lin, Y.-H.
name: Sexton, K. G.
name: Lichtveld, K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: This is the first of a three-part study designed to demonstrate dynamic entanglements among gaseous organic compounds (VOC), particulate matter (PM), and their subsequent potential biological effects. We study these entanglements in increasingly complex VOC and PM mixtures in urban-like conditions in a large outdoor chamber. To the traditional chemical and physical characterizations of gas and PM, we added new measurements of gas-only- and PM-only-biological effects, using cultured human lung cells as model indicators. These biological effects are assessed here as increases in cellular damage or expressed irritation (i.e., cellular toxic effects) from cells exposed to chamber air relative to cells exposed to clean air. The exposure systems permit gas-only- or PM-only-exposures from the same air stream containing both gases and PM in equilibria, i.e., there are no extractive operations prior to cell exposure.
Analog of the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality for steering
Creators: name: Cavalcanti, Eric G.
name: Foster, Christopher J.
name: Fuwa, Maria
name: Wiseman, Howard M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH) inequality (and its permutations), are necessary and sufficient criteria for Bell nonlocality in the simplest Bell-nonlocality scenario: 2 parties, 2 measurements per party and 2 outcomes per measurement. Here we derive an inequality for EPR-steering that is an analogue of the CHSH, in that it is necessary and sufficient in this same scenario. However, since in the case of steering the device at Bob's site must be specified (as opposed to the Bell case in which it is a black box), the scenario we consider is that where Alice performs two (black-box) dichotomic measurements, and Bob performs two mutually unbiased qubit measurements. We show that this inequality is strictly weaker than the CHSH, as expected, and use it to decide whether a recent experiment [Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 130401 (2013).] involving a single-photon split between two parties has demonstrated EPR-steering.
description: Expanded v2, new results, new figure. 9 pages, 2 figures
Aromatic organosulfates in atmospheric aerosols: Synthesis, characterization, and abundance
Creators: name: Glasius, Marianne
name: Kundu, Shuvashish
name: Stone, Elizabeth A.
name: Kristensen, Kasper
name: Lehmler, Hans-Joachim
name: Surratt, Jason D.
name: Cui, Tianqu
name: Zhang, Xiaolu
name: Weber, Rodney J.
name: He, Xianran
name: Lin, Ying-Hsuan
name: Staudt, Sean
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Aromatic organosulfates are identified and quantified in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) from Lahore, Pakistan, Godavari, Nepal, and Pasadena, California. To support detection and quantification, authentic standards of phenyl sulfate, benzyl sulfate, 3-and 4-methylphenyl sulfate and 2-, 3-, and 4-methylbenzyl sulfate were synthesized. Authentic standards and aerosol samples were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled to negative electrospray ionization (ESI) quadrupole time-of-flight (ToF) mass spectrometry. Benzyl sulfate was present in all three locations at concentrations ranging from 4 – 90 pg m−3. Phenyl sulfate, methylphenyl sulfates and methylbenzyl sulfates were observed intermittently with abundances of 4 pg m−3, 2-31 pg m−3, 109 pg m−3, respectively. Characteristic fragment ions of aromatic organosulfates include the sulfite radical (•SO3−, m/z 80) and the sulfate radical (•SO4−,m/z 96). Instrumental response factors of phenyl and benzyl sulfates varied by a factor of 4.3, indicating that structurally-similar organosulfates may have significantly different instrumental responses and highlighting the need to develop authentic standards for absolute quantitation organosulfates. In an effort to better understand the sources of aromatic organosulfates to the atmosphere, chamber experiments with the precursor toluene were conducted under conditions that form biogenic organosulfates. Aromatic organosulfates were not detected in the chamber samples, suggesting that they form through different pathways, have different precursors (e.g. naphthalene or methylnaphthalene), or are emitted from primary sources.
Novel Droplet Actuation Platform for High Throughput Single Droplet transport, sorting, and mixing
Creators: name: Pandey, Santosh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other biomedical and clinical sciences not elsewhere classified
Food chemistry and food sensory science
Food nutritional balance
Food packaging, preservation and processing
Food sciences not elsewhere classified
Food technology
Industrial biotechnology diagnostics (incl. biosensors)
Fermentation
Bioprocessing, bioproduction and bioproducts
Biocatalysis and enzyme technology
Nanobiotechnology
Industrial microbiology (incl. biofeedstocks)
Other environmental sciences not elsewhere classified
Biofabrication
Biomaterials
Biomechanical engineering
Biomedical imaging
Biomedical instrumentation
Medical devices
Mechanobiology

description: An open microfluidic system was created to dispense and organize individual droplets on flat plastic sheets. A superhydrophobic substance was sprayed on the commercially available plastic sheets, then hydrophilic symbols were added using an inkjet printer. The patterned plastic sheets were held in place by a tilting platform with two axes that are powered by stepper motors to move the droplets. Different droplet operations were achieved, such as transporting different sized droplets, moving multiple droplets in parallel, mixing and merging multiple droplets, dispensing smaller droplets from a large droplet or a liquid reservoir, and moving droplets in one direction. We used a colorimetric assay to measure the sugar concentration of sheep serum as a way to confirm the concept. We believe our system has greater appeal for biological experiments than silicon-based digital microfluidic technology, due to its flexibility in changing the design of hydrophilic symbols, faster turnaround time in printing the plastic sheets, larger area for more tests and lower operational costs with the use of off-the-shelf products.
 Kong, T., Brien, R., Njus, Z., Kalwa, U., & Pandey, S. (2016). Motorized actuation system to perform droplet operations on printed plastic sheets. Lab on a Chip, 16(10), 1861–1872. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6LC00176A
 https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2016/LC/C6LC00176A
Infinitesimal generators for a class of polynomial processes
Creators: name: Bryc, Wlodzimierz
name: Wesolowski, Jacek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J25

description: We study the infinitesimal generators of evolutions of linear mappings on the space of polynomials, which correspond to a special class of Markov processes with polynomial regressions called quadratic harnesses. We relate the infinitesimal generator to the unique solution of a certain commutation equation, and we use the commutation equation to find an explicit formula for the infinitesimal generator of free quadratic harnesses.
Molecular-genetic correlates of infant attachment: A cautionary tale
Creators: name: Roisman, Glenn I.
name: Belsky, Jay
name: Groh, Ashley M.
name: Burt, Keith B.
name: Booth-Laforce, Cathryn
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: This paper advises caution in relation to the increasing interest in molecular-genetic association studies in developmental psychology based on a set of empirical examples from the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (SECCYD) that highlight the fragility of effects reported in the literature on the molecular-genetic correlates of infant attachment. Specifically, this paper updates and provides three extensions to results reported in Luijk et al. (2011), which recently failed to replicate evidence from smaller-sample studies that a set of dopaminergic, serotonergic, and oxytonergic markers are significantly associated with infant attachment security or disorganization. First, we report here that the average effect of “usual suspect” polymorphisms on infant attachment security and disorganization in the SECCYD is approximately zero. Second, because Luijk et al. (2011) reported data based exclusively on the White infants in the SECCYD, this paper reveals that the average effect of polymorphisms featured in this literature is also of trivial magnitude in the non-White sub-sample (cf. Chen, Barth, Johnson, Gotlib, & Johnson, 2011). Third, this paper attempts, but fails, to replicate a recent finding by Raby et al. (2012) suggesting that, although molecular-genetic polymorphisms might not be implicated in security versus insecurity, the serotonin transporter gene contributes to variation in emotional distress during the Strange Situation Procedure. Implications for future research on the genetics of developmental phenotypes in general and attachment in particular are discussed, with a focus on statistical power and model-based theory testing.
Genetic predisposition to hypertension is associated with preeclampsia in European and Central Asian women
Creators: name: Sigurdsson, J.K.
name: Salimbayeva, D.
name: Klungsøyr, K.
name: Morgan, L.
name: Melbye, M.
name: Kalsheker, N.
name: Heinonen, S.
name: Poston, L.
name: Fadista, J.
name: Jääskeläinen, T.
name: Kasimov, A.
name: Thorsteinsdottir, U.
name: Olafsdottir, T.
name: Kajantie, E.
name: Colgiu, I.
name: Caulfield, M.
name: Habiba, M.
name: O’Shaughnessy, K.
name: Kemp, J.P.
name: Harmon, Q.
name: Feenstra, B.
name: Johannsdottir, H.
name: Gretarsdottir, S.
name: Scaife, P.J.
name: Iversen, A.-C.
name: Bumpstead, S.
name: Tragante, V.
name: Kivinen, K.
name: Kere, J.
name: Dolby, V.A.
name: Lawlor, D.A.
name: GOPEC Consortium
name: Geirsson, R.T.
name: Pouta, A.
name: Redman, C.W.G.
name: Skotte, L.
name: Laivuori, H.
name: Najmutdinova, D.
name: Auro, K.M.
name: Frigge, M.L.
name: Stefansson, K.
name: Macphail, S.
name: McGinnis, R.
name: Stefansson, O.A.
name: Boyd, H.A.
name: FINNPEC Consortium
name: Kivinen, K.
name: Franklin, C.S.
name: Engel, S.M.
name: Svyatova, G.
name: Borges, M.-C.
name: Pipkin, F.B.
name: Berezina, G.
name: Staines-Urias, E.
name: Pipkin, F.B.
name: Miedzybrodska, Z.
name: Hegay, T.
name: Jonsdottir, I.
name: Sørensen, K.M.
name: Aripova, T.
name: Dominiczak, A.F.
name: Simpson, N.A.B.
name: Prescott, G.
name: Kilby, M.
name: Juliusdottir, T.
name: Geller, F.
name: Shooter, S.
name: Hjartardottir, S.
name: Lee, W.K.
name: Helgadottir, A.
name: Williamson, C.
name: Perola, M.
name: Casas, J.P.
name: Dudbridge, F.
name: Thomsen, L.C.V.
name: O’Brien, S.
name: Laivuori, H.
name: Bybjerg-Grauholm, J.
name: Magnus, P.
name: Hougaard, D.M.
name: Kalsheker, N.
name: Cameron, A.
name: Saevarsdottir, S.
name: Trogstad, L.
name: Frisbaek, Y.
name: Williams, N.O.
name: Moffett, A.
name: Zakhidova, N.
name: Dominiczak, A.F.
name: Steinthorsdottir, V.
name: Walker, J.J.
name: Nishanova, F.
name: Farrall, M.
name: Gudbjartsson, D.F.
name: Morgan, L.
name: Thorleifsson, G.
name: Stefansdottir, L.
Publisher: name: Nature Research
Year: 2020

description: Preeclampsia is a serious complication of pregnancy, affecting both maternal and fetal health. In genome-wide association meta-analysis of European and Central Asian mothers, we identify sequence variants that associate with preeclampsia in the maternal genome at ZNF831/20q13 and FTO/16q12. These are previously established variants for blood pressure (BP) and the FTO variant has also been associated with body mass index (BMI). Further analysis of BP variants establishes that variants at MECOM/3q26, FGF5/4q21 and SH2B3/12q24 also associate with preeclampsia through the maternal genome. We further show that a polygenic risk score for hypertension associates with preeclampsia. However, comparison with gestational hypertension indicates that additional factors modify the risk of preeclampsia.
Droplet Actuation Platform as an alternative to digital microfluidics platform for high throughput droplet transport, sorting, and mixing
Creators: name: Pandey, Santosh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other biomedical and clinical sciences not elsewhere classified
Food chemistry and food sensory science
Food nutritional balance
Food packaging, preservation and processing
Food sciences not elsewhere classified
Food technology
Industrial biotechnology diagnostics (incl. biosensors)
Fermentation
Bioprocessing, bioproduction and bioproducts
Biocatalysis and enzyme technology
Nanobiotechnology
Industrial microbiology (incl. biofeedstocks)
Other environmental sciences not elsewhere classified
Biofabrication
Biomaterials
Biomechanical engineering
Biomedical imaging
Biomedical instrumentation
Medical devices
Mechanobiology

description: An open microfluidic system was created to dispense and organize individual droplets on flat plastic sheets. A superhydrophobic substance was sprayed on the commercially available plastic sheets, then hydrophilic symbols were added using an inkjet printer. The patterned plastic sheets were held in place by a tilting platform with two axes that are powered by stepper motors to move the droplets. Different droplet operations were achieved, such as transporting different sized droplets, moving multiple droplets in parallel, mixing and merging multiple droplets, dispensing smaller droplets from a large droplet or a liquid reservoir, and moving droplets in one direction. We used a colorimetric assay to measure the sugar concentration of sheep serum as a way to confirm the concept. We believe our system has greater appeal for biological experiments than silicon-based digital microfluidic technology, due to its flexibility in changing the design of hydrophilic symbols, faster turnaround time in printing the plastic sheets, larger area for more tests and lower operational costs with the use of off-the-shelf products.
 Kong, T., Brien, R., Njus, Z., Kalwa, U., & Pandey, S. (2016). Motorized actuation system to perform droplet operations on printed plastic sheets. Lab on a Chip, 16(10), 1861–1872. https://doi.org/10.1039/C6LC00176A
 https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2016/LC/C6LC00176A
Superintegrable and shape invariant systems with position dependent mass
Creators: name: Nikitin, A. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 0230IK, 0365GE, 1130PB

description: Second order integrals of motion for 3d quantum mechanical systems with position dependent masses (PDM) are classified. Namely, all PDM systems are specified which, in addition to their rotation invariance, admit at least one second order integral of motion. All such systems appear to be also shape invariant and exactly solvable. Moreover, some of them possess the property of double shape invariance and can be solved using two different superpotentials. Among them there are systems with double shape invariance which present nice bridges between the Coulomb and isotropic oscillator systems. A simple algorithm for calculation the discrete spectrum and the corresponding state vectors for the considered PDM systems is presented and applied to solve five of the found systems.
description: misprints are corrected and discussion is extended
The secure base script and the task of caring for elderly parents: implications for attachment theory and clinical practice
Creators: name: Waters, Harriet Salatas
name: Chen, Cory K.
name: Waters, Everett
name: Miklowitz, David J.
name: Hartman, Marilyn
name: Zimmerman, Sheryl
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: This study explores links between adults’ attachment representations and the task of caring for elderly parents with dementia. Participants were 87 adults serving as primary caregivers of a parent or parent-in-law with dementia. Waters and Waters’ (2006) Attachment Script Assessment was adapted to assess script-like attachment representation in the context of caring for their elderly parent. The quality of adult-elderly parent interactions was assessed using the Level of Expressed Emotions Scale (Cole & Kazarian, 1988) and self-report measures of caregivers’ perception of caregiving as difficult. Caregivers’ secure base script knowledge predicted lower levels of negative expressed emotion. This effect was moderated by the extent to which participants experienced caring for elderly parents as difficult. Attachment representations played a greater role in caregiving when caregiving tasks were perceived as more difficult. These results support the hypothesis that attachment representations influence the quality of care that adults provide their elderly parents. Clinical implications are discussed.
IPBES Invasive Alien Species Assessment, data management report for Chapter 3. Section 3.3.4.2: Precipitation change
Creators: name: Pergl, Jan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Data management report

description: Section 3.3.4.2 assesses the role of precipitation as a driver of biological invasions. The experts conducted a systematic review to report on the existing knowledge on this driver. This systematic review consists in the main source of evidence for the section.
The Prevalence of low vitamin D in elite para-athletes: A systematic review
Creators: name: Langley, Christina Kate
name: Morse, Christopher Ian
name: Buffey, Aidan
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 321006
subject: Sport and exercise nutrition

description: Background Vitamin D insufficiency (25OHD, 50–75 nmolˑl −1 ) is a common issue within healthy adults and elite athletes and is associated with decreased musculoskeletal health and performance. However, few studies have identified the prevalence and risk factors associated with vitamin D insufficiency within elite Para-Athletes. Methods An electronic search was completed on the 5th January 2023 and updated on the 21st June 2024, searching Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library and EASY (originally OpenGrey). To meet the eligibility criteria, retrieved studies were required to include at least one baseline measure of a vitamin D biomarker from elite Para-Athletes performing at national or international levels and therefore all quantitative study designs could be included. Risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist (8-item) for analytical cross-sectional studies. Data from the eligible studies was extracted and charted, with a supporting narrative synthesis. Results The search strategy retrieved 3083 articles, of which ten studies met the inclusion criteria. In total there were n=355 Para-Athletes, 69.6% of which comprised of males in the included studies. Across the ten included studies, n=546 samples were taken from n=355 Para-Athletes across different seasons and based upon the 25(OH)D insufficiency and deficiency thresholds set by each individual study 43.2% of the samples were considered insufficient and 28.1% deficient. During the winter months vitamin D insufficiency was at its most prevalent at 74.1%, compared to 57.1% in summer of the 25(OH)D samples measured in Para-Athletes. Wheelchair athletes who competed in indoor sports were also more susceptible to low vitamin D. Conclusion This review has highlighted that vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency is highly prevalent in elite level Para-Athletes, all year, across both summer and winter months. Therefore, this review highlights the need for education, treatment, and preventative measures in elite Para-Athletes throughout the year.
Transport and optical properties of the binary liquid mixture containing 1,3-diaminopropane and alkyl acetates (C1-C4) at T= (303.15-318.15) K: experimental investigations and theoretical modelling
Creators: name: Parmar, Deepak
name: Rani, Manju
name: Wazzan, Nuha
name: Jain, Shruti
name: Kumar, Naveen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Hematology

description: Physicochemical properties of pure liquids and their liquid mixtures at different compositions and at different temperatures have a significant role in the optimisation of chemical processes. Present report involves the analysis of the physicochemical properties of 1,3-diaminopropane and alkyl acetate. The viscosity (η) and refractive index (nD) of 1,3-Diaminopropane, 1,3-DAP (1), with alkyl acetates, AAc, (C1-C4) (2) were measured at different temperatures (T = 303.15 to 318.15 K) under the atmospheric pressure 0.1 MPa. Deviation in viscosity, Δη, deviation in refractive index, ΔnD, and excess Gibbs free energy of activation, G∗E for these binary mixtures were calculated from measured viscosity and refractive index data and fitted to Redlich-Kister polynomial equation (R.K.). The Δη data were analysed in terms of the Graph theoretical approach (GTA) to study the interactions in binary mixtures. The η values were also correlated by using Bloomfield and Dewan (BFD) model and various correlations. nD data were correlated by various relevant correlations.
The mediating role of parenting in the associations between household chaos and children’s representations of family dysfunction
Creators: name: Garrett-Peters, P.
name: Wagner, N.J.
name: Mills-Koonce, W.R.
name: Cox, M.
name: Vernon-Feagans, L.
name: Zvara, B.J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Children’s drawings are thought to reflect their mental representations of self and their interpersonal relations within families. Household chaos is believed to disrupt key proximal processes related to optimal development. The present study examines the mediating role of parenting behaviors in the relations between two measures of household chaos, instability and disorganization, and how they may be evidenced in children’s representations of family dysfunction as derived from their drawings. The sample (N= 962) is from a longitudinal study of rural poverty exploring the ways in which child, family, and contextual factors shape development over time. Findings reveal that, after controlling for numerous factors including child and primary caregiver covariates, there were significant indirect effects from cumulative family disorganization, but not cumulative family instability, on children’s representation of family dysfunction through parenting behaviors. Results suggest that the proximal effects of daily disorganization outweigh the effects of periodic instability overtime.