cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Probing tiny motions of nanomechanical resonators: classical or quantum mechanical?
Creators: name: Wei, L. F.
name: Liu, Yu-xi
name: Sun, C. P.
name: Nori, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a spectroscopic approach to probe tiny vibrations of a nanomechanical resonator (NAMR), which may reveal classical or quantum behavior depending on the decoherence-inducing environment. Our proposal is based on the detection of the voltage-fluctuation spectrum in a superconducting transmission line resonator (TLR), which is {\it indirectly} coupled to the NAMR via a controllable Josephson qubit acting as a quantum transducer. The classical (quantum mechanical) vibrations of the NAMR induce symmetric (asymmetric) Stark shifts of the qubit levels, which can be measured by the voltage fluctuations in the TLR. Thus, the motion of the NAMR, including if it is quantum mechanical or not, could be probed by detecting the voltage-fluctuation spectrum of the TLR.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. to appear in Physical Review Letters
Additional file 1 of How many key informants are enough? Analysing the validity of the community readiness assessment
Creators: name: Muellmann, Saskia
name: Brand, Tilman
name: Jürgens, Dorothee
name: Gansefort, Dirk
name: Zeeb, Hajo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Mean CR score in 4 communities with random order of respondents. Number of participants are shown on the X axis. Figure S2. Standardized change in CR mean score over number of respondents (X axis) with random order of respondents. Table S1. Association between number of interviews and newly identified issues of CR (linear ordinary least square regression). Figure S3. Newly identified community efforts for the promotion of physical activity for older adults by number of key informants (X axis). Figure S4. Newly identified contact and information channels for the promotion of physical activity for older adults by number of key informants (X axis). Figure S5. Newly identified barriers to participation in physical activity for older adults by number of key informants (X axis).
Environment, Human Development and Economic Growth
Creators: name: Costantini, Valeria
name: Monni, Salvatore
name: Costantini, Valeria
name: Monni, Salvatore
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Over the last few years, environmental issues have entered into policy design, particularly development and growth policies. Natural resources are considered necessary production inputs and environmental quality is considered a welfare determinant. The integration of environmental issues into economic growth and development theories and empirics is currently widely analyzed in the literature. The effects of natural resources endowment on economic growth are mainly analyzed through the so-called Resource Curse Hypothesis (RCH) whereas the effects of economic growth on environmental quality are part of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC). Furthermore, recent contributions on RCH and EKC have shown the important role of institutions and human development dimensions in building a sustainable development path. In this paper, we attempt to analyze the causal relationships between economic growth, human development and sustainability combining the RCH and EKC models and adopting a human development perspective.
Evaporating droplets on inclined plant leaves and synthetic surfaces: experiments and mathematical models
Creators: name: Tredenick, Eloise C.
name: Forster, W. Alison
name: Pethiyagoda, Ravindra
name: van Leeuwen, Rebecca M.
name: McCue, Scott W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hypothesis: Evaporation of surfactant droplets on leaves is complicated due to the complex physical and chemical properties of the leaf surfaces. However, for certain leaf surfaces for which the evaporation process appears to follow the standard constant-contact-radius or constant-contact-angle modes, it should be possible to mimic the droplet evaporation with both a well-chosen synthetic surface and a relatively simple mathematical model. Experiments: Surfactant droplet evaporation experiments were performed on two commercial crop species, wheat and capsicum, along with two synthetic surfaces, up to a $90\,^{\circ}$ incline. The time-dependence of the droplets' contact angles, height, volume and contact radius was measured throughout the evaporation experiments. Mathematical models were developed to simulate the experiments. Findings: With one clear exception, for all combinations of surfaces, surfactant concentrations and angles, the experiments appear to follow the standard evaporation modes and are well described by the mathematical models (modified Popov and Young-Laplace-Popov). The exception is wheat with a high surfactant concentration, for which droplet evaporation appears nonstandard and deviates from the diffusion limited models, perhaps due to additional mechanisms such as the adsorption of surfactant, stomatal density or an elongated shape in the direction of the grooves in the wheat surface.
description: Accepted by Journal of Colloid and Interface Science
Ort der Theorie in der Prähistorischen Archäologie: Gedanken zur aktuellen Debatte im deutschsprachigen Raum
Creators: name: Veit, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2021

description: Der vorliegende Beitrag skizziert und kommentiert – mit einem besonderen Fokus auf die Prähistorische Archäologie im deutschsprachigen Raum – den aktuellen Stand der Debatte über den Ort des Theoretischen in den archäologischen Wissenschaften. Zugleich versucht er zu ergründen, was eine sich dezidiert als ,theoretisch‘ verstehende Archäologie im Kern ausmacht und welcher Nutzen und welche Nebenwirkungen sich aus einer solchen Orientierung für unsere Erkenntnisbemühungen ergeben. Entsprechend verbinden sich in der Darstellung systematische Erörterungen zum Wesen des Theoretischen mit Beobachtungen zur Geschichte und Systematik archäologischer Theoriebildung und mit einer kritischen Analyse aktueller fachlicher Theorieprogrammatik und -praxis. Archäologische Theoriebildung wird dabei als ein im Kern nachholendes Verfahren präsentiert, dessen Ergebnisse durch den weiteren Fortgang der fachwissenschaftlichen Forschung zu einem gewissen Grade infrage gestellt werden, was seine Vertreter beständig zu einer retrospektiven (Neu-)Theoretisierung der Fachpraxis nötigt. Umgekehrt bedeutet dies aber auch, dass dort, wo eine solche Rückkopplung ausbleibt, dem Fach ein zentrales Element disziplinärer Selbstkritik und Dynamisierung fehlt. In diesem Sinne sind Theoretisierung und Verwissenschaftlichung untrennbar miteinander verbunden.
description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 98 2020(2021)
Deep learning based quantum vortex detection in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Metz, Friederike
name: Polo, Juan
name: Weber, Natalya
name: Busch, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum vortices naturally emerge in rotating Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) and, similarly to their classical counterparts, allow the study of a range of interesting out-of-equilibrium phenomena like turbulence and chaos. However, the study of such phenomena requires to determine the precise location of each vortex within a BEC, which becomes challenging when either only the condensate density is available or sources of noise are present, as is typically the case in experimental settings. Here, we introduce a machine learning based vortex detector motivated by state-of-the-art object detection methods that can accurately locate vortices in simulated BEC density images. Our model allows for robust and real-time detection in noisy and non-equilibrium configurations. Furthermore, the network can distinguish between vortices and anti-vortices if the condensate phase profile is also available. We anticipate that our vortex detector will be advantageous both for experimental and theoretical studies of the static and dynamical properties of vortex configurations in BECs.
description: 13+8 pages, 5+4 figures
Thermodynamics of Dual CFTs for Kerr-AdS Black Holes
Creators: name: Cai, Rong-Gen
name: Cao, Li-Ming
name: Pang, Da-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently Gibbons {\it et al.} in hep-th/0408217 defined a set of conserved quantities for Kerr-AdS black holes with the maximal number of rotation parameters in arbitrary dimension. This set of conserved quantities is defined with respect to a frame which is non-rotating at infinity. On the other hand, there is another set of conserved quantities for Kerr-AdS black holes, defined by Hawking {\it et al.} in hep-th/9811056, which is measured relative to a frame rotating at infinity. Gibbons {\it et al.} explicitly showed that the quantities defined by them satisfy the first law of black hole thermodynamics, while those quantities defined by Hawking {\it et al.} do not obey the first law. In this paper we discuss thermodynamics of dual CFTs to the Kerr-AdS black holes by mapping the bulk thermodynamic quantities to the boundary of the AdS space. We find that thermodynamic quantities of dual CFTs satisfy the first law of thermodynamics and Cardy-Verlinde formula only when these thermodynamic quantities result from the set of bulk quantities given by Hawking {\it et al.}. We discuss the implication of our results.
description: Revtex4, twocolumn, 6 pages, v2: 7 pages, more references and comments added, an err corrected
ungewöhnlicher Drachengriffel von der Burg Anhalt im Harz
Creators: name: Gärtner, Tobias
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2021

description: Auf der Burg Anhalt im Selketal wurde ein Schreibgriffel gefunden, der mutmaßlich dem 13. Jahrhundert zuzuordnen ist und zu dessen figürlicher Verzierung es bislang keine Parallele gibt. Es ist ein männlicher Reiter mit starker Körperbehaarung dargestellt, bei dem es sich vermutlich um einen Wilden Mann handelt. Er reitet rückwärts und bändigt sein Reittier, das wohl als Löwe, vielleicht auch als Wolf oder Hund anzusehen ist. Das Motiv des Wilden Mannes ist in der höfischen Kultur des hohen und späten Mittelalters weit verbreitet. Es stellt sich die Frage nach der inhaltlichen Deutung der ungewöhnlichen Darstellung, für deren Beantwortung die höfische Literatur des 12./13. Jahrhunderts sowie figürliche Bauplastik, Buchillustrationen und Bildteppiche herangezogen werden müssen. Der Griffel ist als Statussymbol von Mitgliedern des gebildeten und schreibkundigen höfischen Milieus aus dem Umfeld der askanischen Herrscherfamilie zu bewerten.
description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 98 2020(2021)
Leveraging Administrative Data for Bias Audits: Assessing Disparate Coverage with Mobility Data for COVID-19 Policy
Creators: name: Coston, Amanda
name: Guha, Neel
name: Ouyang, Derek
name: Lu, Lisa
name: Chouldechova, Alexandra
name: Ho, Daniel E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Anonymized smartphone-based mobility data has been widely adopted in devising and evaluating COVID-19 response strategies such as the targeting of public health resources. Yet little attention has been paid to measurement validity and demographic bias, due in part to the lack of documentation about which users are represented as well as the challenge of obtaining ground truth data on unique visits and demographics. We illustrate how linking large-scale administrative data can enable auditing mobility data for bias in the absence of demographic information and ground truth labels. More precisely, we show that linking voter roll data -- containing individual-level voter turnout for specific voting locations along with race and age -- can facilitate the construction of rigorous bias and reliability tests. These tests illuminate a sampling bias that is particularly noteworthy in the pandemic context: older and non-white voters are less likely to be captured by mobility data. We show that allocating public health resources based on such mobility data could disproportionately harm high-risk elderly and minority groups.
Zu den Fragmenten eines Silberbechers aus Brandgrab 5/1995 von Hagenow, Lkr. Ludwigslust-Parchim
Creators: name: Niemeyer, Barbara
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2021

description: Die aus Grab 5/1995 von Hagenow vorliegenden Silberfragmente können mit aller Vorsicht zu einem weitmundigen, doppelwandigen scyphus mit zylindrischer Wand, reliefierter Außenwandung und dreiteiligem Ringgriff rekonstruiert werden. Die Fragmente des Innenbechers mit stark profiliertem Mündungsrand und die erhaltene Daumenplatte sind original-römisch, die Fragmente des Außenmantels dagegen im sogenannten ,germanischen Reliefstil‘ neu gearbeitet worden. Sicher zu rekonstruieren sind zwei antithetische Capricorni. Falls alle erhaltenen Fragmente tatsächlich zu ein und demselben Gefäß gehört haben, muss es sich um ein römisch-,germanisches‘ Pasticcio gehandelt haben. Bemerkenswert ist, dass der ,germanische‘ Toreut bzw. sein Auftraggeber die augusteische Siegessymbolik der Capricorni übernommen und in die lokale Formensprache transferiert hat.
description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 98 2020(2021)
title: R/V SHINSEI MARU Cruise report KS-23-J08C
Creators: name: Ishibashi, Shojiro
Publisher: name: JAMSTEC
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cruise report
subject: R/V SHINSEI MARU
subject: oceans

description: [CRUISE REPORT]
 This document is a preliminary report of KS-23-J08C on R/V SHINSEI MARU from 2023-10-18 to 2023-10-25.
Restructuring Italian Utility Markets: Household Distributional Effects
Creators: name: Miniaci, Raffaele
name: Scarpa, Carlo
name: Valbonesi, Paola
name: Miniaci, Raffaele
name: Scarpa, Carlo
name: Valbonesi, Paola
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Competition in public utility sectors has been encouraged in recent years throughout Europe. In this paper we try and analyse the welfare effects of these reforms in Italy, with particular attention to water and energy goods. The first step is to introduce a sensible measure of affordability of public utilities and to see how many households fall below a critical threshold. This issue is analysed stressing how climatic conditions dramatically affect households' expenditure and how the affordability of utility bills varies a lot from region to region. So far, utilities' reforms do not seem to have produced negative effects on the weaker group of households.
title: R/V Kaimei Cruise Report KM23-13
Creators: name: Arai, Ryuta
name: Yamamoto, Fujio
name: Shiraishi, Kazuya
Publisher: name: JAMSTEC
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cruise report
subject: R/V KAIMEI
subject: oceans

description: [CRUISE REPORT]
 This document is a preliminary report of KM23-13 Leg1 on R/V KAIMEI from 2023-09-27 to 2023-10-02, KM23-13 Leg2 on R/V KAIMEI from 2023-10-02 to 2023-10-08 and KM23-13 Leg3 on R/V KAIMEI from 2023-10-08 to 2023-10-28.
Chronology and spatial distribution of terra sigillata potters’ stamps and coins within the Nijmegen castra and canabae
Creators: name: Veen, Vincent Van Der
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2021

description: This paper discusses the chronology of the legionary fortress (castra) and surrounding civil settlement (canabae legionis) of Nijmegen, the Netherlands, by examining distribution patterns of terra sigillata potters’ stamps and coins. It partially draws on previously published data, but supplements this with a large amount of hitherto unavailable data from various sources to provide a new chronological framework for these military and semi-military assemblages. While previous research has usually focussed on either the castra or the canabae, this is the first attempt at a comprehensive comparative study of both sites, providing new insights into their development and interaction. The main research questions addressed are: How are the finds distributed across the research area and what does this tell us about the impact of depositional patterns, post-depositional processes, and differing excavation techniques? What are the start and end dates of the castra and canabae and are these the same? And finally, can any chronological patterns be discerned and how should these be explained?
description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 98 2020(2021)
Additional file 1 of Preparedness of pre-intern medical graduates of three universities in Sri Lanka to diagnose and manage anaphylaxis
Creators: name: Chandrani Nirmala Wijekoon
name: Indika Wettasinghe
name: Dinithi Fernando
name: Arosha Sampath Dissanayake
name: Gunawardana, Malinda
name: Gayani Minuwanpitiya
name: Palinda Thenuwara
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1. Study Instrument. This is the questionnaire used for data collection.
EFT Asymptotics: the Growth of Operator Degeneracy
Creators: name: Melia, Tom
name: Pal, Sridip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We establish formulae for the asymptotic growth (with respect to the scaling dimension) of the number of operators in effective field theory, or equivalently the number of $S$-matrix elements, in arbitrary spacetime dimensions and with generic field content. This we achieve by generalising a theorem due to Meinardus and applying it to Hilbert series -- partition functions for the degeneracy of (subsets of) operators. Although our formulae are asymptotic, numerical experiments reveal remarkable agreement with exact results at very low orders in the EFT expansion, including for complicated phenomenological theories such as the standard model EFT. Our methods also reveal phase transition-like behaviour in Hilbert series. We discuss prospects for tightening the bounds and providing rigorous errors to the growth of operator degeneracy, and of extending the analytic study and utility of Hilbert series to EFT.
description: 35+9 pages; v2: resubmission for review process in SciPost, minor changes
[Class elicitation session]
Creators: name: Palacio, Philip Tim
name: Chen, I-Hsuan
name: Sheil, Christine
name: Stickles, Elise
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cab

description: 3 WAV, 3 TextGrid, and 3 TXT files.
Playing around with verbal morphology: ha and wa (cms).
Garifuna subordinate clauses - conditionals, counterfactuals (ems_03).
Garifuna modal verbs (ihc).
Branching Ratio and CP Asymmetry of $B \to πη^{(\prime)}$ Decays in the Perturbative QCD Approach
Creators: name: Wang, Huisheng
name: Liu, Xin
name: Xiao, Zhenjun
name: Guo, Libo
name: Lü, Cai-Dian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the branching ratios and CP-violating asymmetries for $B^0 \to π^0 η^{(\prime)}$ and $B^+\to π^+ η^{(\prime)}$ decays in the perturbative QCD (pQCD) factorization approach here. We not only calculate the usual factorizable contributions, but also evaluate the non-factorizable and annihilation type contributions. Besides the current-current operators, the contributions from the QCD and electroweak penguin operators are also taken into account. The pQCD results for the CP-averaged branching ratios are $Br(B^+ \to π^+ η) \approx 4.1 \times 10^{-6}$, $Br(B^+ \to π^+ η^\prime) \approx 2.4 \times 10^{-6}$, and $Br(B^0 \to π^0 η^{(\prime)}) \approx 0.2 \times 10^{-6}$, which agree very well with the measured values or currently available experimental upper limits. We also predict large CP-violating asymmetries in these decays: $A_{CP}^{dir}(π^\pm \etap)\sim A_{CP}^{dir}(π^0 \etap)\sim -0.35 $, and $A_{CP}^{mix}(π^0 \etap)\sim 0.67$, but with large errors. The pQCD prediction for $A_{CP}^{dir}(π^\pm η)$ ($A_{CP}^{dir}(π^\pm η^\prime))$ has the same (opposite) sign with the primary measured values. Further improvements in both theory and experiments are needed to clarify this discrepancy.
description: 28 pages, 8 figures, several typos corrected
Pricing and Hedging Illiquid Energy Derivatives: an Application to the JCC Index
Creators: name: Scarpa, Elisa
name: Manera, Matteo
name: Scarpa, Elisa
name: Manera, Matteo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: In this paper we discuss a simple econometric strategy for pricing and hedging illiquid financial products, such as the Japanese crude oil cocktail (JCC) index, the most popular OTC energy derivative in Japan. First, we review the existing literature for computing optimal hedge ratios (OHR) and we propose a critical classification of the existing approaches. Second, we compare the empirical performance of different econometric models (namely, regression models in price-levels, price first differences, price returns, as well as error correction and autoregressive distributed lag models) in terms of their computed OHR using monthly data on the JCC over the period January 2000-January 2006. Third, we illustrate and implement a procedure to cross-hedge and price two different swaps on the JCC: a one-month swap and a three-month swap with a variable oil volume. We explain how to compute a bid/ask spread and to construct the hedging position for the JCC swap. Fourth, we evaluate our swap pricing scheme with backtesting and rolling regression techniques. Our empirical findings show that it is not necessary to use sophisticated econometric techniques, since the price level regression model permits to compute a more reliable optimal hedge ratio relative to its competing alternatives.
First-principles study on scanning tunneling microscopy images of hydrogen-terminated Si(110) surfaces
Creators: name: Horie, Shinya
name: Arima, Kenta
name: Hirose, Kikuji
name: Katoh, Jun
name: Ono, Tomoya
name: Endo, Katsuyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scanning tunneling microscopy images of hydrogen-terminated Si(110) surfaces are studied using first-principles calculations. Our results show that the calculated filled-state images and local density of states are consistent with recent experimental results, and the empty-state images appear significantly different from the filled-state ones. To elucidate the origin of this difference, we examined in detail the local density of states, which affects the images, and found that the bonding and antibonding states of surface silicon atoms largely affect the difference between the filled- and empty-state images.
description: 4 pages, and 4 figures
Compatibility of Carnot efficiency with finite power in an underdamped Brownian Carnot cycle in small temperature-difference regime
Creators: name: Miura, Kosuke
name: Izumida, Yuki
name: Okuda, Koji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the possibility of achieving the Carnot efficiency in a finite-power underdamped Brownian Carnot cycle. Recently, it was reported that the Carnot efficiency is achievable in a general class of finite-power Carnot cycles in the vanishing limit of the relaxation times. Thus, it may be interesting to clarify how the efficiency and power depend on the relaxation times by using a specific model. By evaluating the heat-leakage effect intrinsic in the underdamped dynamics with the instantaneous adiabatic processes, we demonstrate that the compatibility of the Carnot efficiency and finite power is achieved in the vanishing limit of the relaxation times in the small temperature-difference regime. Furthermore, we show that this result is consistent with a trade-off relation between power and efficiency by explicitly deriving the relation of our cycle in terms of the relaxation times.
A study of Canadian retail gasoline prices
Creators: name: Eckert, Andrew
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis presents an analysis of the pricing behaviour of firms in Canadian retail gasoline markets. The time series of retail prices for certain Canadian cities can be categorized as exhibiting one of two distinct patterns. In many cities, retail prices remain unchanged for many weeks at a time, despite frequent changes to the wholesale gasoline price. In other cities, retail prices cycle, increasing sharply, and declining more slowly. This thesis addresses questions arising from the observation of these patterns. The first essay considers a theoretical model of price setting behavior, and asks whether the number of stations operated by each firm in a market can determine whether constant prices or price cycles are observed. Constant prices are found to exist only when firms are of similar size. On the other hand, cycle equilibria can be constructed when the firms are of similar size, but also when their sizes differ greatly. Evidence of a negative relationship between price stability and the presence of small firms is also found through an examination of a panel data set of retail prices for a number of Canadian cities. The second essay examines the response of retail prices to wholesale price movements in the presence of a retail price cycle. A simple model based on the predictions of the theory is constructed, and estimated using data for the city of Windsor, Ontario. I find that a new cycle is initiated by a price increase whenever the distance between the previous retail price and the current wholesale price becomes sufficiently small. In addition, retail prices are found to be more responsive to wholesale prices over the increasing portion of the cycle. Finally, when the asymmetric error correction model of Borenstein, Cameron, and Gilbert (1997) is estimated, a more rapid response to wholesale price increases than to decreases is indicated. This asymmetry is shown to be consistent with my structural model, which thus provides an additional potential explanation for the regularities found in previous studies.
Additional file 2 of Preparedness of pre-intern medical graduates of three universities in Sri Lanka to diagnose and manage anaphylaxis
Creators: name: Chandrani Nirmala Wijekoon
name: Indika Wettasinghe
name: Dinithi Fernando
name: Arosha Sampath Dissanayake
name: Gunawardana, Malinda
name: Gayani Minuwanpitiya
name: Palinda Thenuwara
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Table 1, Supplementary Table 2 and Supplementary Table 3. Supplementary Table 1. Knowledge regarding triggers of anaphylaxis. Supplementary Table 2. Knowledge and perception regarding diagnosis and management of anaphylaxis. Supplementary Table 3.: Source of knowledge and skills related to diagnosis and management of anaphylaxis.
Energy Regulation, Roll Call Votes and Regional Resources: Evidence from Russia
Creators: name: Grigoriadis, Theocharis N.
name: Torgler, Benno
name: Grigoriadis, Theocharis N.
name: Torgler, Benno
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: This paper investigates the relative impact of regional energy production on the legislative choices of Russian Duma deputies on energy regulation between 1994 and 2003. We apply Poole's optimal classification method of roll call votes using an ordered probit model to explain energy law reform in the first decade of Russia's democratic transition. Our goal is to analyze the relative importance of home energy on deputies' behavior, controlling for other factors such as party affiliation, electoral mandate, committee membership and socio-demographic parameters. We observe that energy resource factors have a considerable effect on deputies' voting behavior. On the other hand, we concurrently find that regional economic preferences are constrained by the public policy priorities of the federal center that continue to set the tone in energy law reform in post-Soviet Russia.
High Performance Cooperative Transmission Protocols Based on Multiuser Detection and Network Coding
Creators: name: Han, Zhu
name: Zhang, Xin
name: Poor, H. Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cooperative transmission is an emerging communication technique that takes advantage of the broadcast nature of wireless channels. However, due to low spectral efficiency and the requirement of orthogonal channels, its potential for use in future wireless networks is limited. In this paper, by making use of multiuser detection (MUD) and network coding, cooperative transmission protocols with high spectral efficiency, diversity order, and coding gain are developed. Compared with the traditional cooperative transmission protocols with single-user detection, in which the diversity gain is only for one source user, the proposed MUD cooperative transmission protocols have the merit that the improvement of one user's link can also benefit the other users. In addition, using MUD at the relay provides an environment in which network coding can be employed. The coding gain and high diversity order can be obtained by fully utilizing the link between the relay and the destination. From the analysis and simulation results, it is seen that the proposed protocols achieve higher diversity gain, better asymptotic efficiency, and lower bit error rate, compared to traditional MUD schemes and to existing cooperative transmission protocols. From the simulation results, the performance of the proposed scheme is near optimal as the performance gap is 0.12dB for average bit error rate (BER) 10^{-6} and 1.04dB for average BER 10^(-3), compared to two performance upper bounds.
description: to appear IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Le scelte di politica economica fra teoria ed evidenze empiriche: un approccio storicistico
Creators: name: Capuano, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo
Year: 2015
Subjects: economic theory; mathematics; “historicist” vision; policy makers

description: The principal objective of the article is to show how the economic theory is not an exact science. It does no't have universal value and it is not just link to mathematics, because it does not make itself as a scientific discipline. For this economics has not to use too much mathematics to imitate the exact sciences, The approach that we would like to propose in this article is a “historicist” vision of the economic theories. It wants to be more pragmaticas and less dogmatic to  the advantage to deliver unassailable theories from economists, but simply ideas with solid scientific bases and supported by some statistic bases. It represents exactly what a policy maker needs to make decision in a right historical moment.
description: Argomenti, N° 2 (2015): settembre - dicembre
What do we know about alcohol mixed with energy drink (AmED) use in Australia? Expanding local evidence
Creators: name: Pennay, Amy
name: Peacock, A
name: Droste, N
name: Miller, P
name: Bruno, R
name: Wadds, P
name: Tomsen, S
name: Lubman, D
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 4203
subject: Health services and systems
classificationCode: 4206
subject: Public health

description: Objectives: Despite continued health concerns associated with the practice of consuming alcohol mixed with energy drinks (AmED), few Australian studies have examined the popularity of this combination or attempted to characterise AmED consumers. The purpose of this paper is to replicate two previously used survey approaches to consolidate a national picture of AmED consumption in Australia. Methods: The survey approaches used were: an online survey with a convenience sample of New South Wales (NSW), Australia, residents (n = 1931; 63.7% female; median age 23.0 years); and street intercept surveys in regional and metropolitan entertainment precincts in NSW (n = 1265; 58.2% male; median age 21.0 years). Analyses explored the rates and frequency of AmED use across both samples, and the sociodemographic and substance use predictors of AmED consumption in the past 12 months. Results: More than 90% of participants in both samples reported alcohol consumption in the past 12 months, with approximately 40% of current drinkers also reporting AmED use in the past 12 months. Three-quarters of participants interviewed in entertainment precincts reported alcohol consumption in the previous 12 hours, with one in six of these also reporting AmED consumption in the past 12 hours. AmED users across both samples were more likely than alcohol-only consumers to be younger and male, and to report riskier substance use practices. Conclusions: Health promotion activities are warranted to promote awareness of energy drink guidelines, and the potential harms of exceeding these guidelines, among alcohol consumers. In addition, health workers should consider enquiring about AmED use as an indicator of risk related to substance use.
On thermal correlators and bosonization duality in Chern-Simons theories with massive fundamental matter
Creators: name: Mishra, Amiya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider Chern-Simons theory coupled to massive fundamental matter in three spacetime dimensions at finite temperature, in the large $N$ limit. We compute several thermal correlators in this theory for both fermionic and bosonic matter separately. The results are computed in the large $N$ 't Hooft limit but for arbitrary values of the 't Hooft coupling. Furthermore, we generalize the computations of the four-point function of fundamental scalars in the bosonic theory to finite temperature. As a consistency check, we see that the results obtained here agree with the existing previous results in different limiting cases. Moreover, we check that the results are consistent with the conjectured bosonization duality, providing an additional evidence of it.
description: References added in v2
Energy Demand and Temperature: A Dynamic Panel Analysis
Creators: name: Bigano, Andrea
name: Bosello, Francesco
name: Marano, Giuseppe
name: Bigano, Andrea
name: Bosello, Francesco
name: Marano, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: This paper is a first attempt to investigate the effect of climate on the demand for different energy vectors from different final users. The ultimate motivation for this is to arrive to a consistent evaluation of the impact of climate change on key consumption goods and primary factors such as energy vectors. This paper addresses these issues by means of a dynamic panel analysis of the demand for coal, gas, electricity, oil and oil products by residential, commercial and industrial users in OECD and (a few) non-OECD countries. It turns out that temperature has a very different influence on the demand of energy vectors as consumption goods and on their demand as primary factors. In general, residential demand responds negatively to temperature increases, while industrial demand is insensitive to temperature increases. As to the service sector, only electricity demand displays a mildly significant negative elasticity to temperature changes.
Ultraviolet-to-Far Infrared Properties of Lyman Break Galaxies and Luminous Infrared Galaxies at z ~ 1
Creators: name: Burgarella, D.
name: Perez-Gonzalez, P. G.
name: Tyler, K. D.
name: Rieke, G. H.
name: Buat, V.
name: Takeuchi, T. T.
name: Lauger, S.
name: Arnouts, S.
name: Ilbert, O.
name: Barlow, T. A.
name: Bianchi, L.
name: Lee, Y. -W.
name: Madore, B. F.
name: Malina, R. F.
name: Szalay, A. S.
name: Yi, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first large, unbiased sample of Lyman Break Galaxies (LBGs) at z ~ 1. Far ultraviolet-dropout (1530 A) galaxies in the Chandra Deep Field South have been selected using GALEX data. This first large sample in the z ~ 1 universe provides us with a high quality reference sample of LBGs. We analyzed the sample from the UV to the IR using GALEX, SPITZER, ESO and HST data. The morphology (obtained from GOODS data) of 75 % of our LBGs is consistent with a disk. The vast majority of LBGs with an IR detection are also Luminous Infrared Galaxies (LIRGs). As a class, the galaxies not detected at 24 microns are an order of magnitude fainter relative to the UV compared with those detected individually, suggesting that there may be two types of behavior within the sample. For the IR-bright galaxies, there is an apparent upper limit for the UV dust attenuation and this upper limit is anti-correlated with the observed UV luminosity. Previous estimates of dust attenuations based on the ultraviolet slope are compared to new ones based on the FIR/UV ratio (for LBGs detected at 24 microns), which is usually a more reliable estimator. Depending on the calibration we use to estimate the total IR luminosity, beta-based attenuations A_{FUV} are larger by 0.2 to 0.6 mag. than the ones estimated from FIR/UV ratio. Finally, for IR-bright LBGs, median estimated beta-based SFRs are 2-3 times larger than the total SFRs estimated as SFR_{TOT} = SFR_{UV} + SFR_{IR} while IR-based SFRs provide values below SFR_{TOT} by 15 - 20 %. We use a stacking method to statistically constrain the 24 microns flux of LBGs non individually detected. The results suggest that these LBGs do not contain large amounts of dust.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Reddito di cittadinanza e opportunità economica: un confronto tra Italia e Europa
Creators: name: Tridico, Pasquale
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Urbino Carlo Bo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Minimum income; Welfare; Employment levels

description: The objective of this paper is twofold: on the one hand we evaluate, the impact in terms of effectiveness and efficiency of a basic income instrument in Europe. On the other hand we advance, for Italy, a proposal for a guaranteed minimum income (i.e. "means-tested"). Our econometric model, estimated on 34 OECD countries in the period between 1990 to 2013, shows that there are no obstacles for efficiency against the activation of a minimum income in Italy. Moreover, our results show that a scheme of minimum income helps, along with other welfare supports, to increase employment levels.JEL Classification: JEL:I32; I38; J20.
Keywords:
description: Argomenti, N° 2 (2015): settembre - dicembre
Alice in a micro-factory: modeling materials and mechanisms of natural nano-machines
Creators: name: Chowdhury, Debashish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Imagine an under water factory which is about $10 μ$m long in each direction. The factory is filled with machines, each typically a few tens of nanometers long, which perform specfic tasks and operate in a well coordinated manner. A cell, the structural and functional unit of life, is not very different from this micro-factory. In this article, I begin with Alice's guided tour of this micro-factory in her dream during which the guide shows her wide varieties of the nano-machines in this factory. The style of presentation of the first half of this article is inspired by Lewis Carrol's {\it Alice in Wonderland}. In the second half, I introduce the methods of studying the materials and mechanisms of the molecular machines through dialogues; the three participants in this discussion are Alice, her elder brother Alex and her father Albert. The style of presentation of the second half of this article, in terms of a dialogue, is adapted from Galileo's {\it Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems}. Albert, a professor of biophysics, emphasizes the crucial differences between the mechanisms of the natural nano-machines and those of their macroscopic counterparts. He also points out some practical applications of this interdisciplinary research in biomedical science and nano-technology.
description: Slightly different version appeared in RESONANCE (IAS & Springer) in two parts
Approximate gauge independence of the induced gravitational wave spectrum
Creators: name: Domènech, Guillem
name: Sasaki, Misao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational waves (GWs) induced by scalar curvature fluctuations are an important source of the cosmological GW background and a crucial counterpart of the primordial black hole scenario. However, doubts have been cast on the theoretically predicted induced GW spectrum due to its seeming gauge dependence. In this paper, we shed light on the gauge dependence issue of the induced GW spectrum in general cosmological backgrounds. First, inspired by the Hamiltonian formalism we provide very simple formulas for the tensor modes at second order in cosmological perturbation theory. We also emphasize the difference between observable and gauge invariant variables. Second, we argue that the Newton (or shear-free) gauge is suitable for both the calculation of induced GWs and the physical interpretation. We then show that, most notably, the induced GW spectrum is invariant under a set of reasonable gauge transformations, i.e. physically well behaved on small scales, once the source term has become inactive. This includes the commonly used flat, constant Hubble and synchronous gauges but excludes the comoving slicing gauge. We also show that a particular solution of the GW equation in a dust dominated universe while the source term is active can be gauged away by a small change of gauge.
description: Typos corrected, matches published version
Evaluating the Empirical Performance of Alternative Econometric Models for Oil Price Forecasting
Creators: name: Scarpa, Elisa
name: Longo, Chiara
name: Manera, Matteo
name: Markandya, Anil
name: Scarpa, Elisa
name: Longo, Chiara
name: Manera, Matteo
name: Markandya, Anil
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: The relevance of oil in the world economy explains why considerable effort has been devoted to the development of different types of econometric models for oil price forecasting. Several specifications have been proposed in the economic literature. Some are based on financial theory and concentrate on the relationship between spot and futures prices ('financial' models). Others assign a key role to variables explaining the characteristics of the physical oil market ('structural' models). The empirical literature is very far from any consensus about the appropriate model for oil price forecasting that should be implemented. Relative to the previous literature, this paper is novel in several respects. First of all, we test and systematically evaluate the ability of several alternative econometric specifications proposed in the literature to capture the dynamics of oil prices. Second, we analyse the effects of different data frequencies on the coefficient estimates and forecasts obtained using each selected econometric specification. Third, we compare different models at different data frequencies on a common sample and common data. Fourth, we evaluate the forecasting performance of each selected model using static and dynamic forecasts, as well as different measures of forecast errors. Finally, we propose a new class of models which combine the relevant aspects of the financial and structural specifications proposed in the literature ('mixed' models). Our empirical findings can be summarized as follows. Financial models in levels do not produce satisfactory forecasts for the WTI spot price. The financial error correction model yields accurate in-sample forecasts. Real and strategic variables alone are insufficient to capture the oil spot price dynamics in the forecasting sample. Our proposed mixed models are statistically adequate and exhibit accurate forecasts. Different data frequencies seem to affect the forecasting ability of the models under analysis.
Additional file 4 of A first insight into the genome of Prototheca wickerhamii, a major causative agent of human protothecosis
Creators: name: Bakuła, Zofia
name: Paweł Siedlecki
name: Gromadka, Robert
name: Gawor, Jan
name: Gromadka, Agnieszka
name: Pomorski, Jan J.
name: Panagiotopoulou, Hanna
name: Jagielski, Tomasz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Supplementary Table 1. List of tRNA gene sequences found in the P. wickerhamii and A. protothecoides.
Branching mechanism of intergranular crack propagation in three dimensions
Creators: name: Itakura, M.
name: Kaburaki, H.
name: Arakawa, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the process of slow intergranular crack propagation by the finite element method model, and show that branching is induced by partial arresting of crack front owing to the geometrical randomness of grain boundaries. A possible scenario for branching instability of crack propagation in disordered continuum medium is also discussed.
description: 4 pages, submitted to Phys.Rev.E; v2:corrected typos v3: final version to be published
Particle Production and Fragmentation at HERA
Creators: name: Saxon, D. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent results from HERA are presented on a range of topics: charged multiplicities, production of non-strange mesons and strange particles, charm fragmentation, baryons decaying to strange particles, antideuteron production, Bose-Einstein correlations, and new interpretations of results on prompt photon production in DIS.
description: latex, 10 pages, 6 figs