cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Contactless Electroluminescence for Shunt-Value Measurement in Solar Cells
Creators: name: Sinton, R.A.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Cells and Materials, Processing Technology of

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 1157-1159
description: In recent years, there have been many new applications of PhotoLuminescence and ElectroLuminescence for use in silicon wafer, solar cell, and module characterization. This paper will present data and modeling for a contactless electroluminescence measurement of shunt values on solar cells. In this scheme, a large fraction of the free-standing solar cell is illuminated. A small fraction of the cell area is shadowed to be dark, and “viewed” by an electroluminescence photodetector. The sensor sees a “dark” region of the cell, largely indicative of the PN-junction voltage everywhere on the solar cell due to the gridlines on a finished cell. At low illumination, the gridlines can maintain a nominally constant voltage across a solar cell because the lateral currents are small. An analysis analogous to the standard Suns-Voc technique is used to extract shunt values. A simple interpretation of Suns-EL data is also demonstrated. The measurement represents a simplification over a PL method, yet avoids the electrical contacting usually associated with EL measurements. Some artifacts associated with PL shunt detection are avoided in this method since the excitation is dark injection from the junction, which depends directly on the voltage present on the cell gridlines.
Quantitative Stress Measurements of Bulk Microdefects in Multicrystalline Silicon
Creators: name: Schoenfelder, S.
name: Sampson, A.
name: Ganapati, V.
name: Koepge, R.
name: Bagdahn, J.
name: Buonassisi, T.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 977-980
description: In this work, inclusions of silicon carbide and silicon nitride in multicrystalline silicon are investigated
experimentally by photoelasticity and theoretically by numerical simulation in a finite-element model. Large tensile
stresses were observed in experiment at the interface from silicon carbide to silicon while silicon nitride induced
much lower stresses. The results of the finite-element model indicate that the stresses are induced while cooling
during crystallization, by the mismatch of coefficients of thermal expansion.
New Dielectric Patterning Technique for Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Lennon, A.
name: Rodriguez, J.
name: Allen, V.
name: Ho-Baillie, A.
name: Wenham, S.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 993-996
description: In this paper we describe the use of a new dielectric patterning technique for use in silicon solar cell
fabrication. The technique does not require a resist layer, involves fewer steps than photolithography and is safer than
existing immersion etching techniques in that corrosive etchant is only formed in-situ on the surface to be etched. It
uses an inkjet device for the patterned deposition of a solution containing fluoride ions onto an acidic water-soluble
polymer layer formed over the SiO2 or SiNx dielectric layer. The deposited solution reacts with the polymer layer, at
the locations where it is deposited, to form an etchant that etches the dielectric layer under the polymer layer to form
a pattern of openings. After the pattern is formed, the acidic water-soluble polymer and the etch residue are easily
removed by rinsing in water. Compared to existing resist-based dielectric patterning techniques, the technique
reduces chemical usage and produces significantly less hazardous fluoride waste. We demonstrate the use of this new
dielectric patterning technique to reliably and consistently etch front-grid patterns comprising grooves ~ 40 m wide
in 75 nm thick SiNx antireflection layers. Furthermore, we show that the etched grooves can be successfully
metallised using Ni/Cu light-induced plating to result in metal fingers which are ~ 55 m in width.
Investigation of Copper Plated Contacts for Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Posthuma, N.E.
name: Hernández, J.L.
name: Lazov, V.
name: Philipsen, H.
name: Prajapati, V.
name: Janssens, T.
name: Van Kerschaver, E.
name: Poortmans, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 997-1001
description: As an alternative method to printing techniques, the metal contacts of silicon solar cells can be realized
by plating. Copper is an interesting choice of metal, especially taking into account its high conductivity and low
price. However, barrier layers are needed to prevent copper diffusion into the silicon. In this paper we use TXRF,
QSSPC and CDI to evaluate the potential diffusion of copper through the silicon nitride anti reflection coating after
exposing the wafers to Cu plating solutions. Three plating solutions with varying purity are investigated. Furthermore
first PERC solar cells have been realized with copper plated contacts having a Ti/Cu contact layer with a best large
area cell efficiency of 18.3%.
3-Layer Electrochemical Refining of Silicon
Creators: name: Olsen, E.
name: Rolseth, S.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 1006-1010
description: Purification of metallurgical Si by three layer electrochemical refining was
demonstrated in a large laboratory scale reactor with current efficiencies above 90%. Purified
Si was produced on the order of kilograms. As expected from the principle, elements more
electronegative (less noble) than Si tended to accumulate in the electrolyte whereas elements
less electronegative (more noble) was retained in the bottom alloy charge. Purified Si was
deposited at the top. The content of most transition metals as well as phosphorous (P),
approached 1 ppmw in the purified metal. The content of Al and Cu was somewhat higher
which can be be attributed to the scale of the experiments. A high grade of purification is
expected in larger, industrial scale reactors also for these elements. Boron, as the single
element, was found not to be subject to electrochemical purification. Thermodynamic studies
attributed this to fundamental properties of this element[3,4,5]. However, electrocatalyzed
precipitation reactions involving borides have been studied and may be performed in parallell
in a common, industrial reactor enabling purification also for boron.
Livro «Vivência parental da doença crónica: estudo sobre a experiência subjectiva da doença em mães de crianças com fibrose quística e com diabetes», da autoria de Margarida Custódio dos Santos
Creators: name: Soares, Isabel
Publisher: name: Saúde & Tecnologia
Year: 2011

description: O livro Vivência parental da doença crónica: estudo sobre a experiência subjectiva da doença em mães de crianças com fibrose quística e com diabetes, da autoria de Margarida Custódio dos Santos, integra uma investigação muito bem conduzida e de grande relevância clínica, apoiada numa revisão crítica da literatura sobre a problemática em estudo. Esta obra apresenta-nos um trabalho científico rigoroso e sério, claro e bem organizado, revelador de um conhecimento aprofundado da Psicologia Pediátrica numa perspectiva desenvolvimentista.
description: Saúde & Tecnologia, N.º 05 (2011): Maio 2011
Energy-Efficient Packet Scheduling with Finite Blocklength Codes: Convexity Analysis and Efficient Algorithms
Creators: name: Xu, Shengfeng
name: Chang, Tsung-Hui
name: Lin, Shih-Chun
name: Shen, Chao
name: Zhu, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper considers an energy-efficient packet scheduling problem over quasi-static block fading channels. The goal is to minimize the total energy for transmitting a sequence of data packets under the first-in-first-out rule and strict delay constraints. Conventionally, such design problem is studied under the assumption that the packet transmission rate can be characterized by the classical Shannon capacity formula, which, however, may provide inaccurate energy consumption estimation, especially when the code blocklength is finite. In this paper, we formulate a new energy-efficient packet scheduling problem by adopting a recently developed channel capacity formula for finite blocklength codes. The newly formulated problem is fundamentally more challenging to solve than the traditional one because the transmission energy function under the new channel capacity formula neither can be expressed in closed form nor possesses desirable monotonicity and convexity in general. We analyze conditions on the code blocklength for which the transmission energy function is monotonic and convex. Based on these properties, we develop efficient offline packet scheduling algorithms as well as a rolling-window based online algorithm for real-time packet scheduling. Simulation results demonstrate not only the efficacy of the proposed algorithms but also the fact that the traditional design using the Shannon capacity formula can considerably underestimate the transmission energy for reliable communications.
description: 30 pages, 6 figures. Submitted to IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications. Conference version appears in IEEE GLOBECOM 2015
Comparative Performance of Backsheets for Photovoltaic Modules
Creators: name: Gambogi, W.J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 4079-4083
description: Photovoltaic (PV) modules operate in a very challenging environment for an electronic
component: >25 years of direct exposure to outdoor conditions. PV modules are exposed to direct sunlight with
a high UV content, high temperatures during the day, low temperatures at night, diurnal and seasonal
temperature variation, rain, condensation and high humidity. Moreover, PV modules are expected to maintain
power output within acceptable limits over a period of 25 years and beyond.
To meet these challenging lifetime requirements, the PV industry has developed cost-effective packaging
systems which address these requirements. For crystalline silicon modules, a typical system includes a solar
glass superstrate, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) encapsulant, and a flexible backsheet comprised of polyvinyl
fluoride (PVF) and polyester (PET) in a PVF/PET/PVF structure. In this structure, the PVF serves to protect
the PET from UV and moisture degradation while contributing to the mechanical and insulation properties of
the packaging system.
In this paper, we will identify key backsheet properties and test methods, describe the performance of the
backsheet component and compare alternatives to industry standard TPT™ (Tedlar®/PET/Tedlar®) and TPE
(Tedlar®/PET/EVA) backsheets including alternative fluoropolymer and non-fluoropolymer PV backsheet
structures. Performance of individual films and candidate PV modules under test conditions beyond the
conditions required in qualification standards will be also discussed.
Distance-Aware Occlusion Detection with Focused Attention
Creators: name: Li, Yang
name: Tu, Yucheng
name: Chen, Xiaoxue
name: Zhao, Hao
name: Zhou, Guyue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For humans, understanding the relationships between objects using visual signals is intuitive. For artificial intelligence, however, this task remains challenging. Researchers have made significant progress studying semantic relationship detection, such as human-object interaction detection and visual relationship detection. We take the study of visual relationships a step further from semantic to geometric. In specific, we predict relative occlusion and relative distance relationships. However, detecting these relationships from a single image is challenging. Enforcing focused attention to task-specific regions plays a critical role in successfully detecting these relationships. In this work, (1) we propose a novel three-decoder architecture as the infrastructure for focused attention; 2) we use the generalized intersection box prediction task to effectively guide our model to focus on occlusion-specific regions; 3) our model achieves a new state-of-the-art performance on distance-aware relationship detection. Specifically, our model increases the distance F1-score from 33.8% to 38.6% and boosts the occlusion F1-score from 34.4% to 41.2%. Our code is publicly available.
description: Accepted to IEEE Transactions on Image Processing. Code: https://github.com/Yang-Li-2000/Distance-Aware-Occlusion-Detection-with-Focused-Attention.git
Silicon Quantum Dot Based Solar Cells: Addressing the Issues of Doping, Voltage and Current Transport
Creators: name: Conibeer, G.J.
name: Green, M.A.
name: König, D.
name: Perez-Wurfl, I.
name: Huang, S.
name: Hao, X.
name: Di, D.
name: Shi, L.
name: Shrestha, S.
name: Puthen-Veetil, B.
name: So, Y.H.
name: Zhang, B.
name: Wan, Z.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics: New Concepts and Ultra-high Efficiency
New Materials, Cells and Modules

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 182-190
description: Silicon quantum dot (Si QD) solar cells offer the potential to tune the effective band gap, through quantum
confinement, and allow fabrication of optimised tandem devices in one growth run in a thin film process. Previous work in our
group has shown how such cells can be fabricated by sputtering of thin layers of silicon rich oxide sandwiched between a
stoichiometric oxide that on annealing crystallise to form Si QDs of uniform and controllable size. Doping multilayers with P and
B allows formation of a rectifying junction with an effective band gap of 1.8eV, which can give an open circuit voltage (VOC) of
almost 500mV. However, the doping behaviour of P and B in these QD materials is not well understood. In addition P and B
have big but opposite effects on QD crystallisation, with P (B) forming larger (smaller) QDs than for undoped material. Two
possible models for the doping mechanisms in these materials are explored: one relying on doping of a sub-oxide region around
the Si QDs and the other based on the differing nucleation effects of P and B. In addition initial results on heterointerfaces in the
QD superstructure are assessed as a means to improve vertical current transport, and the effects of hydrogenation on improving
VOC by passivating defects. Routes to incorporating these explanations for doping and other structural improvements are
discussed as means of optimising the performance of these Si QD cells.
Integral Excision for K-Theory
Creators: name: Dundas, Bjørn Ian
name: Kittang, Harald Øyen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 19D55, 19E20, 55P42, 55P60, 14J17, 14F43

description: If A is a homotopy cartesian square of ring spectra satisfying connectivity hypotheses, then the cube induced by Goodwillie's integral cyclotomic trace from K(A) to TC(A) is homotopy cartesian. In other words, the homotopy fiber of the cyclotomic trace satisfies excision. The method of proof gives as a spin-off new proofs of some old results, as well as some new results, about periodic cyclic homology, and - more relevantly for our current application - the T-Tate spectrum of topological Hochschild homology, where T is the circle group
description: 21 pages
KIC 7177553: a quadruple system of two close binaries
Creators: name: Lehmann, H.
name: Borkovits, T.
name: Rappaport, S. A.
name: Ngo, H.
name: Mawet, D.
name: Csizmadia, Sz.
name: Forgacs-Dajka, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: KIC 7177553 was observed by the Kepler satellite to be an eclipsing eccentric binary star system with an 18-day orbital period. Recently, an eclipse timing study of the Kepler binaries has revealed eclipse timing variations in this object with an amplitude of about 100 sec, and an outer period of 529 days. The implied mass of the third body is that of a superJupiter, but below the mass of a brown dwarf. We therefore embarked on a radial velocity study of this binary to determine its system configuration and to check the hypothesis that it hosts a giant planet. From the radial velocity measurements, it became immediately obvious that the same Kepler target contains another eccentric binary, this one with a 16.5-day orbital period. Direct imaging using adaptive optics reveals that the two binaries are separated by 0.4 arcsec (about 167 AU), and have nearly the same magnitude (to within 2%). The close angular proximity of the two binaries, and very similar Gamma velocities, strongly suggest that KIC 7177553 is one of the rare SB4 systems consisting of two eccentric binaries where at least one system is eclipsing. Both systems consist of slowly rotating, non-evolved, solar-like stars of comparable masses. From the orbital separation and the small difference in Gamma velocity, we infer that the period of the outer orbit most likely lies in the range 1000 to 3000 years. New images taken over the next few years, as well as the high-precision astrometry of the Gaia satellite mission, will allow us to set much narrower constraints on the system geometry. Finally, we note that the observed eclipse timing variations in the Kepler data cannot be produced by the second binary. Further spectroscopic observations on a longer time scale will be required to prove the existence of the massive planet.
description: 11 pages, 4 tables, 9 figures
A piece of cake: the ground-state energies in gamma_i-deformed N=4 SYM theory
Creators: name: Fokken, Jan
name: Sieg, Christoph
name: Wilhelm, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the non-supersymmetric gamma_i-deformed N=4 SYM theory, the scaling dimensions of the operators tr[Z^L] composed of L scalar fields Z receive finite-size wrapping and prewrapping corrections in the 't Hooft limit. In this paper, we calculate these scaling dimensions to leading wrapping order directly from Feynman diagrams. For L>=3, the result is proportional to the maximally transcendental `cake' integral. It matches with an earlier result obtained from the integrability-based Luescher corrections, TBA and Y-system equations. At L=2, where the integrability-based equations yield infinity, we find a finite rational result. This result is renormalization-scheme dependent due to the non-vanishing beta-function of an induced quartic scalar double-trace coupling, on which we have reported earlier. This explicitly shows that conformal invariance is broken - even in the 't Hooft limit.
description: 21 pages, LaTeX, BibTeX, pstricks, feynmp
On the Conceptual Issues Surrounding the Notion of Relational Bohmian Dynamics
Creators: name: Vassallo, Antonio
name: Ip, Pui Him
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper presents a program to construct a non-relativistic relational Bohmian theory, that is, a theory of $N$ moving point-like particles that dispenses with space and time as fundamental background structures. The relational program proposed is based on the best-matching framework originally developed by Julian Barbour. In particular, the paper focuses on the conceptual problems that arise when trying to implement such a program. It is argued that pursuing a relational strategy in the Bohmian context leads to a more parsimonious ontology than that of standard Bohmian mechanics without betraying the original motivations for adopting a primitive ontology approach to quantum physics. It is also shown how a relational Bohmian approach might clarify the issue of the timelessness of the dynamics resulting from the quantization of a classical relational system of particles.
description: 39 pages, accepted for publication in Foundations of Physics
A Boundary Value Problem for a Class of Anisotropic Degenerate Parabolic-Hyperbolic Equations
Creators: name: Frid, Hermano
name: Li, Yachun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a mixed type boundary value problem for a class of degenerate parabolic-hyperbolic equations. Namely, we consider a Cartesian product domain and split its boundary into two parts. In one of them we impose a Dirichlet boundary condition; in the other, we impose a Neumann condition. We apply a normal trace formula for $L^2$-divergence-measure fields to prove a new strong trace property in the part of the boundary where the Neumann condition is imposed. We prove existence and uniqueness of the entropy solution. This is a revised corrected version of the paper published in Arch.\ Ration.\ Mech.\ Anal.\ {\bf 226} (2017), no. 3, 975--1008.
Re-Purposing FDA-Approved Drugs for Opioid Use Disorder
Creators: name: Patel, Krishna
name: Waldron, David
name: Graziane, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Pharmacology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mental Health

description: To investigate FDA-approved drugs prescribed for unrelated diseases or conditions that promote remission in subjects diagnosed with opioid use disorder (OUD). This was a retrospective observational study utilizing the TriNetX electronic medical record data. Subjects between 18 and 65 years old were included in this study. First, a drug screen was employed to identify medications used for chronic illness that are associated with OUD remission. Based on Fisher’s exact test for significance, 28 of 101 medications were selected for further analysis. Positive (buprenorphine/methadone) and negative controls (benazepril) were included in the analysis. Medications were analyzed in the absence and presence of buprenorphine or methadone, two medications used to treat OUD, to identify the likelihood of OUD remission up to one year following the index event. We identify 8 medications (prazosin, propranolol, lithium carbonate, olanzapine, quetiapine, bupropion, citalopram, and escitalopram) that may be useful for increasing remission in OUD in the absence of buprenorphine or methadone. Additionally, our results identify psychiatric medications that when taken alongside buprenorphine and methadone improve remission rates. These results provide medication options that may be useful in treating OUD as well as integrated therapies to treat comorbid mental illness.
One-loop Wilson loops and the particle-interface potential in AdS/dCFT
Creators: name: de Leeuw, Marius
name: Ipsen, Asger C.
name: Kristjansen, Charlotte
name: Wilhelm, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We initiate the calculation of quantum corrections to Wilson loops in a class of four-dimensional defect conformal field theories with vacuum expectation values based on N=4 super Yang-Mills theory. Concretely, we consider an infinite straight Wilson line, obtaining explicit results for the one-loop correction to its expectation value in the large-N limit. This allows us to extract the particle-interface potential of the theory. In a further double-scaling limit, we compare our results to those of a previous calculation in the dual string-theory set-up consisting of a D5-D3 probe-brane system with flux, and we find perfect agreement.
description: Published version
New Materials for Intermediate Band Photovoltaic Cells. Theoretical and Experimental Approaches
Creators: name: Wahnón, P.
name: Palacios, P.
name: Aguilera, I.
name: Seminovski, Y.
name: Conesa, J.C.
name: Lucena, R.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics: New Concepts and Ultra-high Efficiency
New Materials, Cells and Modules

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 203-206
description: Density functional theory calculations of certain transition-metal doped semiconductors show a
partially occupied relatively narrow band located between valence band and conduction band. These novel systems,
containing the metallic band, are called intermediate-band materials. They have enhanced optoelectronic properties
which allow an increase in solar energy conversion efficiency of conventional solar cells. We previously proposed
III-V, chalcopyrite and sulfide derived compounds showing desirable characteristics to produce the intermediate band
of interest inside the band-gap. In order to obtain further intermediate-band material proposals, this work focuses on
studing other compounds constituted mainly by tetravalent elements. The first proposal is vanadium substituting Sn
atoms in SnS2, the second one is composed by type II silicon clathrate with two possibilities: vanadium substituting
Si and Ag occluded in the intra-crystalline cavities. UV-Vis-NIR spectra of some of these systems experimentally
synthesized show an agreement with previous theoretical predictions.
Updated Estimates of Annual U.S. Health System Spending from a Hypothetical National Naloxone Co-Prescribing Mandate
Creators: name: Rosenberg, Matthew
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Computational Biology

description: Background: Naloxone-prescription opioid co-prescribing mandates have increasingly been proposed and adopted in the U.S., at both the national and state levels, as a public health intervention for mitigating the impacts of opioid overdoses. In this study, we assess whether a hypothetical national, naloxone co-prescribing mandate has become less costly for the U.S. health system since 2018. Methods: We expand and update an existing economic model of naloxone co-prescribing to estimate annual health system spending. We refresh the model inputs through 2021 to reflect changes to the opioid and naloxone landscapes, expand the model to account for more types of market responses, and develop additional scenarios around alternate implementation strategies such as bulk purchasing. Results: We estimate annual spending increases across all retail opioid patients of $1.4–$4.0 billion with naloxone nasal sprays and auto-injectors, and $0.6–$0.9 billion with traditional injectable naloxone formulations. We also find that bulk purchasing could lead to higher spending increases in some patient populations absent volume discounts. Conclusions: Our estimates are substantially lower than prior research. Key drivers include lower prices for naloxone, higher current naloxone distribution, a longer approved shelf life for naloxone, and lower estimated sizes for some patient populations. Additional research is needed to estimate the potential benefits of naloxone co-prescribing for mitigating opioid overdoses, and whether they could outweigh spending increases. Steps that could make this policy more beneficial or less costly include targeting higher risk patient populations and promoting large-scale purchasing agreements with volume discounts to help offset potential price increases.
Silicon Nanowire Arrays Using Colloidal Crystal Lithography and Metal-Assisted Etching
Creators: name: Wang, X.
name: Pittet, P.
name: Gentile, P.
name: Noë, P.
name: Lévy-Clément, C.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics: New Concepts and Ultra-high Efficiency
New Materials, Cells and Modules

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 191-194
description: Arrays of well-ordered vertically aligned Silicon nanowires (SiNWs) were obtained using a top-down
multistep method that combined nanosphere lithography (also named colloidal crystal patterning) and metal-assisted wet
chemical etching of bulk Si. A monolayer of 200 or 100 nm polystyrene (PS) spheres subjected to a reactive ion etching was
used as a mask to deposit a thin layer of gold (Au) on the Si substrate, between the spheres. The Si etching occurring
preferentially at the interface between the Au and Si, the Si surface protected by the spheres was not dissolved. Progress
made in the development of the multistep method enabled the formation of SiNWs with uniform diameter as small as 60 nm.
Thermal oxidation at 1000 °C of the SiNWs was shown to be a promising technique to decrease further SiNWs diameter.
Reduced graphene oxide coated cotton e-textile for wearable chemical warfare agent sensors
Creators: name: Ka, Dongwon
name: Jeong, Keunhong
name: Jin, Youngho
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: Space Science
Neuroscience
Biotechnology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Computational Biology

description: A facile, safe, and scalable method for fabricating electrically conductive-reduced graphene oxide (rGO) e-fabric using a plasma-assisted coating process has been demonstrated. A wearable sensor based on rGO e-fabric was fabricated and used to detect and distinguish deadly chemical warfare agents (CWAs). The rGO e-fabric-based CWA sensor exhibited consistent responses upon repeated exposure to chemicals, including dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) and soman (GD), which is a nerve agent. A difference in responses of the sensor toward GD and DMMP was observed. Theoretical studies further confirmed the potential of the as-prepared device as an e-fabric sensor for the detection of nerve agents. This novel functional e-fabric holds promise for future applications of wearable chemical agent sensors in smart personal protective suits.
Reduced graphene oxide coated cotton e-textile for wearable chemical warfare agent sensors
Creators: name: Ka, Dongwon
name: Jeong, Keunhong
name: Jin, Youngho
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Computational Biology

description: A facile, safe, and scalable method for fabricating electrically conductive-reduced graphene oxide (rGO) e-fabric using a plasma-assisted coating process has been demonstrated. A wearable sensor based on rGO e-fabric was fabricated and used to detect and distinguish deadly chemical warfare agents (CWAs). The rGO e-fabric-based CWA sensor exhibited consistent responses upon repeated exposure to chemicals, including dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) and soman (GD), which is a nerve agent. A difference in responses of the sensor toward GD and DMMP was observed. Theoretical studies further confirmed the potential of the as-prepared device as an e-fabric sensor for the detection of nerve agents. This novel functional e-fabric holds promise for future applications of wearable chemical agent sensors in smart personal protective suits.
What is Physics: The individual and the universal, and seeing past the noise
Creators: name: Rau, A. R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Along with weaving together observations, experiments, and theoretical constructs into a coherent mesh of understanding of the world around us, physics over its past five centuries has continuously refined the base concepts on which the whole framework is built. In quantum physics, first in non-relativistic mechanics and later in quantum field theories, even familiar concepts of position, momentum, wave or particle, are derived constructs from the classical limit in which we live but not intrinsic to the underlying physics. Most crucially, the very idea of the individual, whether an object or an event, distinguished only in a mere label of identity from others identical to it in all the physics, exists only as an approximation, not an element of underlying reality. Failure to recognize this and seeking alternative explanations in many worlds or multiverses leads only to incoherent logic and incorrect physics. As an example, in a physical system such as an atom in a particular state, physics deals with the universal system of all such atoms but makes no meaningful prediction of the position of an electron or the time of decay of any specific atom. Those are incidental, entirely random among all possible positions and times, even while physics makes very precise predictions for the distribution of the outcomes in measurements on atoms in that state. Physics deals with the universal, not the individual.
description: 27 pages
Realistic Limiting Conversion Efficiency Utilizing Multiple Exciton Generation
Creators: name: Takeda, Y.
name: Motohiro, T.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics: New Concepts and Ultra-high Efficiency
New Materials, Cells and Modules

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 207-211
description: We have calculated the limiting conversion efficiency of solar cells comprising quantum dots (QDs)
embedded in a matrix, utilizing multiple exciton generation (MEG). The requisites to achieve high conversion
efficiency have been clarified, as follows. (1) The threshold photon energy above which MEG can take place should
be close to the energy gap of the QDs, leading to a requisite that the effective mass of electrons is much smaller than
that of holes in the QDs. InAs satisfies this requisite, but PbSe or Si does not. (2) The upper limit of the quantum
yield of photon-to-carrier conversion (QY), which is determined from the condition that photo-excited carriers are
still confined in the QDs, should equal 2 or 3. Too high potential barrier for carriers in the QDs that allows a higher
upper limit of QY does not improve the limiting efficiency but likely disturbs carrier transport in reality. This gives a
guide for the choice of the matrix surrounding the QDs. (3) QY as a function of photon energy should rise steeply at
the threshold. The experimentally obtained gradually increasing QY results in a slight improvement under the 1 sun
irradiation, and is not sufficient to compete against triple-junction solar cells under the concentrated irradiation.
Influence of Different Wet Chemical Cleaning Procedures Prior to Silicon Nitride Deposition on Solar Cell Performance and Surface Passivation
Creators: name: Keipert-Colberg, S.
name: Wang, P.
name: Borchert, D.
name: Müller, S.
name: Kühnemann, L.
name: Rinio, M.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Cells and Materials, Processing Technology of

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 1612-1616
description: The aim of this work was to gain a deeper understanding of the effects of wet chemical oxidizing steps after the emitter diffusion on the performance of multicrystalline silicon solar cells. Investigating five different cleaning procedures with regard to solar cell efficiency, short circuit current and spectral response revealed distinct differences in the parameters of interest. For a further understanding of the influences, the surface near phosphorus concentration was measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicating a removal of highly doped surface layers for oxidizing cleaning agents. Additionally, lifetime samples were prepared for the comparison of the surface passivation after different cleaning procedures and silicon nitride deposition.
Improved Spectral Sensitivity in Si-Based Solar Cells by High-Mobility Hydrogen-Doped In2O3 Transparent Conductive Oxide
Creators: name: Koida, T.
name: Fujiwara, H.
name: Sai, H.
name: Kondo, M.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Cells and Materials, Processing Technology of

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 1145-1148
description: Hydrogen-doped In2O3 (In2O3:H) films with high electron mobility and improved near-infrared transparency have been applied as a transparent conducting oxide (TCO) electrode in hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) / crystalline silicon heterojunction solar cells and substrate-type hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon (μc-Si:H) thin-film solar cells. The incorporation of In2O3:H, instead of conventional Sn-doped In2O3, improved the short-circuit current density (Jsc) and the resulting conversion efficiency. Detailed optical analysis of the solar cells revealed that the improvement in Jsc is due to the improved spectral sensitivity in the visible and nearinfrared wavelengths by the reduction of reflection loss at the TCO / Si interface and absorption loss in the TCO layer.
Mechanical Behavior and Lamination Issues of Solar Modules Containing Elastomeric and Amorphous Encapsulates
Creators: name: Schulze, S.H.
name: Ehrich, C.
name: Ebert, M.
name: Bagdahn, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 4064-4068
description: Solar cells mostly are embedded into a soft polymer matrix using vacuum lamination process. Since the early
80´s Ethylenevinylacetate (EVA) is widely used for this purpose. The material is of thermoplastic nature, but cross links
covalentely under high temperatures to a non-melt able elastomer. In this work, a method for mathematically describing
isothermal cross linking reaction of a commercially available EVA fast cure is presented using Arrhenius relation. Dynamicmechanical
analysis (DMA) was carried out using a rotational rheometer at different temperatures. Considering the demand
on shorter processing times, neat thermoplastic and reversible melt able polymers come more and more into focus. For a
Polyvinlybutyral (PVB) and a Thermoplastic Silicon Elastomer (TPSE) processing and mechanical have been determined
using DMA under constant temperature sweep. Results show that PVB has lowest, TPSE highest transition temperatures
from solid-like to liquid-like behavior. On the basis of these results, laminated glass beams have been manufactured using
vacuum lamination process. Resulting laminates have been tested at room temperature for their elastic behavior under 3-
point bending mode and their creep behavior when holding a constant load. Elastic behavior was found to be strongly
depended on polymer interlayer thickness and materials used. Creep was observed to be strongest for PVB.
Planet-disc evolution and the formation of Kozai-Lidov planets
Creators: name: Martin, Rebecca G.
name: Lubow, Stephen H.
name: Nixon, Chris
name: Armitage, Philip J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With hydrodynamical simulations we determine the conditions under which an initially coplanar planet-disc system that orbits a member of a misaligned binary star evolves to form a planet that undergoes Kozai-Lidov (KL) oscillations once the disc disperses. These oscillations may explain the large orbital eccentricities, as well as the large misalignments with respect to the spin of the central star, observed for some exoplanets. The planet is assumed to be massive enough to open a gap in the disc. The planet's tilt relative to the binary orbital plane is subject to two types of oscillations. The first type, present at even small inclination angles relative to the binary orbital plane, is due to the interaction of the planet with the disc and binary companion and is amplified by a secular resonance. The second type of oscillation is the KL oscillation that operates on both the planet and disc at larger binary inclination angles. We find that for a sufficiently massive disc, even a relatively low inclination planet-disc system can force a planet to an inclination above the critical KL angle, as a consequence of the first type of tilt oscillation, allowing it to undergo the second type of oscillation. We conclude that the hydrodynamical evolution of a sufficiently massive and inclined disc in a binary system broadens the range of systems that form eccentric and misaligned giant planets to include a wide range of initial misalignment angles (20 to 160 degrees).
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Supplemental Material for Minio et al., 2023
Creators: name: Minio, Andrea
name: Figueroa-Balderas, Rosa
name: Cohen, Stephen P.
name: Ali, Shahin S.
name: Carriel, Denny
name: Britto, Dahyana
name: Stack, Conrad
name: Baruah, Indrani K.
name: Marelli, Jean-Philippe
name: Cantu, Dario
name: Bailey, Bryan A.
Publisher: name: GSA Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: Genomics

description: Supplemental Figure 1 contains the variant distribution across the five M. roreri SMRT-reads assemblies, Supplemental Figure 2 contains the phylogeny between M. roreri isolates based on shared structural variants, Supplemental Figure 3contains the breakdown of non-single copy genes shared between the different isolates, Supplemental Figure 4 contains the shared orthogroups between the 22 M. roreri isolates, Supplemental Figure 5 contains the counts of genes affected by variants categorized by gene function, Supplemental Figure 6 contains the function distribution of the genes affected by SNPs and structural variants in MrC26, Supplemental Table 1 contains the geographic origin of the Moniliophthora roreri isolates used in this study, Supplemental Table 2 contains the complete statistics for the assembly results, Supplemental Table 3 reports the genomes assembly completeness assessment, Supplemental Table 4 reports the results of the RNAseq and differential expression analysis, Supplemental Table 5 reports the count and expression analysis results for the secretome genes, Supplemental Table 6 contains the secretome gene cluster analysis results.
Benefits of High Reflectivity Encapsulants in Combination with LPCVD ZnO Back Contact
Creators: name: Crawford, T.
name: Gossla, M.
name: Knauss, H.
name: Krull, S.
name: Mayer, B.
name: Sinicco, I.
name: Stecher, M.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 4069-4072
description: This paper discusses the use of high performance, cost-effective materials for the back contact and reflector
in the industrial production of thin-film solar modules. Substantial module efficiency gains and cost reductions have been
achieved by introduction of a highly reflective white encapsulating foil. Oerlikon Solar modules incorporate a transparent
and conductive ZnO back contact onto which a white diffuse reflector is applied. The white back reflector was previously
realized by screen printing white paint on to a ZnO back contact. A new approach using a high reflectivity white
encapsulating foil in combination with a LPCVD ZnO back contact is presented. The innovative solution eliminates the
requirement for the screen printing process and associated curing oven process step and hence results in a lower cost and
reduces production complexity in comparison with the prior art. Furthermore the increase in reflectance achieved with the
new reflector has resulted in further reduction in the cost of ownership through reduced absorber layer thickness and
increased module power.
Development of an apparatus for the rapid production of Rubidium-87 Bose Einstein Condensates
Creators: name: Tempone-Wiltshire, Sebastien Joseph
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 20501 Classical and Physical Optics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Atomic Physics
subject: 20601 Degenerate Quantum Gases and Atom Optics

description: This thesis details the design and construction of an apparatus that rapidly produces large Rubidium-87 Bose-Einstein condensates, as well as a method for creating holographic optical elements that can arbitrarily shape the wavefront of light.
Polysilicon Tunnel Junctions as Alternates to Diffused Junctions
Creators: name: Borden, P.
name: Xu, L.
name: McDougall, B.
name: Chang, C.P.
name: Pysch, D.
name: Voisin, P.
name: Glunz, S.W.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Cells and Materials, Processing Technology of

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 1149-1152
description: We report use of heavily doped polysilicon combined with a tunnel dielectric to provide an alternate to diffused junctions for silicon solar cells. Thin tunnel dielectrics (6-12Å) are fabricated using methods adapted from IC processing. These serve as diffusion barriers and passivation layers. When combined with heavily doped polysilicon, they can form an ideal step junction with interface passivation, enabling low dark currents not possible with diffused emitters. We show that it is possible to obtain hyper-abrupt junctions with the tunnel layer providing interface passivation, and that these junctions obtain a VOC of 676 mV on 780 μm thick substrates.
MPEC 2023-S244 : 2023 SM7
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 SM7

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.