cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Standard machine learning approaches outperform deep representation learning on phenotype prediction from transcriptomics data
Creators: name: Smith, Aaron M.
name: Walsh, Jonathan R.
name: Long, John
name: Davis, Craig B.
name: Henstock, Peter
name: Hodge, Martin R.
name: Maciejewski, Mateusz
name: Xinmeng Jasmine Mu
name: Ra, Stephen
name: Shanrong Zhao
name: Ziemek, Daniel
name: Fisher, Charles K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 1 Supplementary Figures and Tables.
Efficiency and Biodiversity – Empirical Evidence from Tanzania
Creators: name: Abdallah, Jumanne
name: Sauer, Johannes
name: Abdallah, Jumanne
name: Sauer, Johannes
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Agribusiness
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: This paper aims to deliver empirical evidence on the links between production efficiency, biodiversity, and resource management by analysing a case study on small-scale tobacco production in the Miombo woodlands in Tanzania. The subsistence nature of tobacco production in Tanzania suggests that most power driven equipments, fertilizers and sustainable crop processing technologies are beyond the reach of most small-scale tobacco growers. The consequence is that in order to expand their production tobacco farmers heavily substitute such inputs by an increasing use of wood. Hence an increasing amount of forest land is cleared by the farmers resulting in forest degradation and a loss of biodiversity. This study determines in a first step the efficiency of tobacco production bordering the Miombo woodlands in Tanzania as well as investigates factors for the relative inefficiency on farm level. In a second step the relation between forest species diversity in the surrounding woodlands and tobacco production efficiency as well as between diversity and the type of institutional arrangement with respect to forest management are empirically analysed. The results indicate that the different efficiency measures vary widely over the sample, showing a significant positive effect of the curing technology – i.e. the design of the barn - and the source of the firewood. The majority of farmers produce with increasing returns to scale. A strong positive correlation between the tobacco production efficiency and forest diversity as well as between community based arrangements and forest diversity is revealed. This finally suggests that agricultural production efficiency is conducive for environmental sustainability with respect to tobacco in Tanzania as well as supports property rights based institutional arrangements for forest resource management.
Validation of the mutational spectra obtained with thelacZ Escherichia coli CLP and the Ames II Salmonella typhimurium strains
Creators: name: Ogwuru, Nwaka
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: The six lacZ-- E.coli CLP strains (CL10XP; where X = 1--6) are each reverted by one of the six possible base substitutions. The relative responses of the six strains taken in parallel can be used to determine a compound's mutation spectrum. The responses of these strains to a set of mutagens of known mutational spectra and modes of action were tested. The predominant mutations caused by a set of seven diagnostic mutagens and the strains that scored these mutations were: 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide, G → A (CL102P), G → C (CL103P) and G → T (CL104P); streptonigrin, A → C (CL101P), A → T (CL105P) and A → G (CL106P); N-methyl-N'-nitro- N-nitrosoguanidine G → T (CL102P); 5-azacytidine G C, (CL103P), N4-aminocytidine G → A, (CL102P) and A → G (CL106P) and N4-hydroxycytidine A → G (CL106P) . These responses were consistent with the results reported by Gee et al., (1994) using the Salmonella 700X (X = 1--6) bacterial test system. A further validation of the responses of the six CLP strains and the six Ames II strains was performed using six polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon diol epoxide (PAHDE) isomers, the four stereoisomeric 1,2,3,4-tetrahydrobenzo[cjphenanthrene 3,4-diol 1,2-epoxides (BcPhDEs) and two of the stereoisomeric 7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene 7,8-diol 9,10-epoxides (BaPDEs) for which published mutational spectra exist. Comparisons of the bacterial mutational spectra with the published mutational spectra for the PAHDEs indicate that the E. coli strain CL103P scores G → C mutations consistently lower than published values, and the E. coli strain CL106P (A → G) may be a potential low scoring strain. In the Ames II Salmonella typhimurium TA 70OX system, a high scoring strain is TA 7004 (G → A), which often scores higher than published values. The S. typhimurium AT strains (TA 7001-- 7003) often scored a lower percentage of mutations. The low responses may be due to the excess response of some of the GC strains, particularly TA 7004.
Weyl-Kondo Semimetal: Towards Control of Weyl Nodes
Creators: name: Grefe, Sarah E.
name: Lai, Hsin-Hua
name: Paschen, Silke
name: Si, Qimiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heavy fermion semimetals represent a promising setting to explore topological metals driven by strong correlations. In this paper, we i) summarize the theoretical results in a Weyl-Kondo semimetal phase for a strongly correlated model with inversion-symmetry-breaking and time-reversal invariance, and the concurrent work that has experimentally discovered this phase in the non-magnetic non-centrosymmetric heavy fermion system Ce$_3$Bi$_4$Pd$_3$; and ii) describe what is expected theoretically when the time-reversal symmetry is also broken.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures; published version, and with updated references
Anniversaries and Commemorations: Opportunities for Health Sciences Librarians
Creators: name: Kubilius, Ramune Kubilius
Publisher: name: DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: anniversaries
subject: commemorations
subject: Northwestern University
subject: Libraries, Medical
subject: History of Medicine
subject: Exhibitions as Topic
subject: Anniversaries and Special Events
subject: Anniversaries
subject: Librarians
subject: Libraries

description: Updated version of presentation given in the "Lightning Talks" segment of the 2018  Health Science Librarians of Illinois (HSLI) annual conference with its theme, "Rivers of Data, Streams of Knowledge", held September 26-28, 2018 in Rockford, IL.
description: Two hundred years ago, on December 3, 1818, Illinois became the 21st state in the Union. One hundred years ago, three small countries, Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia, declared their independence as free-standing democratic nations. 2021 will mark the one hundredth anniversary of a brief visit to the United States (including the Chicago area) by noted researcher, Marie Curie. 2017 marked the twentieth anniversary of the publication of the first Harry Potter book. How did these historical milestones become opportunities? Though this arena may often be the work and purview of archivists (or others), what are some ways health sciences librarians can contribute and showcase their skills?  The avenues of involvement may differ and results can be varied- a group project, a presentation, an exhibit, or an event. This presentation offers a few examples of how a librarians interest in medical history provided opportunities to collaborate, to utilize reference and other skills, was professionally satisfying, while also being relevant to larger institutional missions and goals. [This lightning talk builds in part on a poster presented at 2017 HSLI and Midwest Chapter/MLA conferences, and a presentation made at the 2018 Association for the Advancement of Baltic Studies conference at Stanford University].
description: presentation_location: Rockford, Illinois, United States
Quantum hamiltonians and prime numbers
Creators: name: Rosu, H. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A short review of Schroedinger hamiltonians for which the spectral problem has been related in the literature to the distribution of the prime numbers is presented here. We notice a possible connection between prime numbers and centrifugal inversions in black holes and suggest that this remarkable link could be directly studied within trapped Bose-Einstein condensates. In addition, when referring to the factorizing operators of Pitkanen and Castro and collaborators, we perform a mathematical extension allowing a more standard supersymmetric approach
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, accepted as a Brief Review at MPLA
Many-body Aharonov-Bohm caging in a lattice of rings
Creators: name: Nicolau, Eloi
name: Marques, Anselmo M.
name: Dias, Ricardo G.
name: Mompart, Jordi
name: Ahufinger, Verònica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a system of a few ultracold bosons loaded into the states with orbital angular momentum $l=1$ of a one-dimensional staggered lattice of rings. Local eigenstates with winding numbers $+l$ and $-l$ form a Creutz ladder with a real dimension and a synthetic one. States with opposite winding numbers in adjacent rings are coupled through complex tunnelings, which can be tuned by modifying the central angle $ϕ$ of the lattice. We analyze both the single-particle case and the few boson bound-state subspaces for the regime of strong interactions using perturbation theory, showing how the geometry of the system can be engineered to produce an effective $π$-flux through the plaquettes. We find non-trivial topological band structures and many-body Aharonov-Bohm caging in the $N$-particle subspaces even in the presence of a dispersive single-particle spectrum. Additionally, we study the family of models where the angle $ϕ$ is introduced at an arbitrary lattice periodicity $Γ$. For $Γ>2$, the $π$-flux becomes non-uniform, which enlarges the spatial extent of the Aharonov-Bohm caging as the number of flat bands in the spectrum increases. All the analytical results are benchmarked through exact diagonalization.
description: 12 pages, 14 figures
Dealing with fragile states: Entry points and approaches for development cooperation
Creators: name: Debiel, Tobias
name: Debiel, Tobias
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: International Development

description: Fragile states are characterised by a great potential for crisis that endangers human security and the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). It is increasingly being recognized that external actors should stay involved, either directly or indirectly; at the same time, though, new entry points and approaches are needed (the "stay engaged, but differently“ principle). Donor behavior in cases of fragile statehood can be based on two key parameters: (a) the effectiveness of state institutions, (b) the legitimacy of the respective government. In order not to create parallel and hybrid structures, donors are well-advised, in general, to focus on existing structures and coordinate their political priorities with the governments (systems and policy alignment). However, lack of development orientation, widespread corruption, or markedly repressive rule may make such a cooperation a highly problematic proposition. Thus, it will in a substantial number of cases also be necessary to engage with partners “beyond the state,” i.e. with nonstate groups, the private sector, and local governmental units. A major task for development cooperation is the (re-)creation of capabilities in six governance arenas: security, political, judicial, administrative, social, and economic governance. This must be approached on a country-by-country basis, based on empirical assessments of the current situation, and preferably drawing on the knowledge of local experts. Despite this qualification some cross-cutting priorities are identified within the study: (re)establishment of the state monopoly on the legitimate use of forces and efforts to combat ordinary crime; a functioning separation of powers (horizontal checks and balances); respect for the rule of law, and “legal empowerment” of citizens; efforts to combat corruption and to eliminate criminal economies. Donors’ ability to have a positive impact on fragile states remains limited, unless they pursue coherent policies on the national level and coordinate more effectively on the international level. The development of common country strategies, the clarification of responsibilities as well as harmonised analysis and decision-making mechanisms in the case of ‘states at risk’ are steps in the right direction.
Charge 4$e$ superconductor: a wavefunction approach
Creators: name: Li, Pengfei
name: Jiang, Kun
name: Hu, Jiangping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply a wavefunction approach to study the charge 4$e$ superconductor. The wavefunction takes a similar structure to the BCS wavefunction for charge 2$e$ superconductors. The mean-field Hamiltonian and the Green's functions of charge 4$e$ are constructed. The physical properties including the density of states, gauge invariance, flux quantization, superfluid density and Josephson effects are systematically studied. All these results form a microscopic description of the charge 4$e$ SC and can be served as the hallmarks for experimental verifications.
description: 3 pages, 1 figures in the main text
The Trade-Off Between Child Labor and Schooling: Influence of Social Labeling NGOs in Nepal
Creators: name: Chakrabarty, Sayan
name: Grote, Ulrike
name: Lüchters, Guido
name: Chakrabarty, Sayan
name: Grote, Ulrike
name: Lüchters, Guido
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Does the labeling of products which have been produced without any child laborers contribute to increased welfare of children? This paper presents some results of a survey in Nepal conducted to analyze which factors determine the probability of a child to work, and to examine the influence of non governmental organizations (NGOs) which are engaged in social labeling, on the incidence of child labor and child schooling. Data were obtained from interviews with 410 households of Kathmandu Valley in Nepal. The results of the econometric analysis show that the probability of child labor (i) decreases if the carpet industry has implemented a labeling program, (ii) decreases if the adult’s income increases (‘luxury axiom’), (iii) decreases if the head of the household is educated, (iv) increases with the age of the head of the household, and (v) is increased in the presence of more children (aged 5-14) in the household. It can also be shown that labeling NGOs have a significant positive influence on sending the ex-child laborers to school.
A comparison of labor market segmentation: Germany and the United States
Creators: name: Strand, Alexander
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: This dissertation explores several topics related to international comparisons of labor market segmentation. A segmented labor market is one in which mobility barriers prevent certain workers from obtaining the job of their choice. Some theorists have asserted that women are segmented into certain occupations. If true, this "crowding" would lead to lower wages than are warranted by the incentives and demands of the occupations into which women are segregated. Previous empirical tests of this hypothesis have produced conflicting results. An international comparison offers a unique opportunity to examine the effects of differing gender roles and labor market institutions on the relation between occupational segregation and wages. Germany is an ideal subject country for this study because German women's labor market behavior is unique among industrial countries. The United States is the reference country. The German Socio-Economic Panel data are used as well as the Panel Study of Income Dynamics. The relationship between the gender composition of a worker's occupation and wages is described in detail. The techniques that have been previously applied to the U.S. are reproduced and applied to Germany. The presentation of the degree and kind of occupational segregation is more comprehensive than that in the previous literature of international comparisons. This adds the result that there is more extreme occupational segregation in the U.S. while still confirming previous research showing more aggregate occupational segregation in Germany. The main result is that there is a smaller independent effect of occupational segregation on wages in Germany than in the U.S. even though Germany has a greater gross correlation of the degree of segregation and wages. A more general comparative analysis of labor market segmentation is also developed. The empirical methods are evaluated to determine which would be suitable for international comparisons. The endogenous switching model is chosen because it does not rely on the judgment of the researcher in defining segments. However, the model does not produce labor market segments for Germany that fit expectations based on prior research. The implications of this unexpected finding are explored.
Deuteron and antideuteron production in Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN)=200 GeV
Creators: name: PHENIX Collaboration
name: Adler, S. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The production of deuterons and antideuterons in the transverse momentum range 1.1 < p_T < 4.3 GeV/c at mid-rapidity in Au + Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN)=200 GeV has been studied by the PHENIX experiment at RHIC. A coalescence analysis comparing the deuteron and antideuteron spectra with those of protons and antiprotons, has been performed. The coalescence probability is equal for both deuterons and antideuterons and increases as a function of p_T, which is consistent with an expanding collision zone. Comparing (anti)proton yields p_bar/p = 0.73 +/- 0.01, with (anti)deuteron yields: d_bar/d = 0.47 +/- 0.03, we estimate that n_bar/n = 0.64 +/- 0.04.
description: 326 authors, 6 pages text, 5 figures, 1 Table. Submitted to PRL. Plain text data tables for the points plotted in figures for this and previous PHENIX publications are (or will be) publicly available at http://www.phenix.bnl.gov/papers.html
Ultra peripheral heavy ion collisions and the energy dependence of the nuclear radius
Creators: name: Roldao, C. G.
name: Natale, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To estimate realistic cross sections in ultra peripheral heavy ion collisions we must remove effects of strong absorption. One method to eliminate these effects make use of a Glauber model calculation, where the nucleon-nucleon energy dependent cross sections at small impact parameter are suppressed. In another method we impose a geometrical cut on the minimal impact parameter of the nuclear collision ($b_{min} > R_1 + R_2$, where $R_i$ is the radius of ion "$i$"). In this last case the effect of a possible nuclear radius dependence with the energy has not been considered in detail up to now. Here we introduce this effect showing that for final states with small invariant mass the effect is negligible. However when the final state has a relatively large invariant mass, e.g. an intermediate mass Higgs boson, the cross section can decrease up to 50%.
description: To appear in Phys. Lett. B
Critical frontier of the triangular antiferromagnet in a field
Creators: name: Qian, X. F.
name: Wegewijs, M.
name: Bloete, H. W. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the critical line of the triangular Ising antiferromagnet in an external magnetic field by means of a finite-size analysis of results obtained by transfer-matrix and Monte Carlo techniques. We compare the shape of the critical line with predictions of two different theoretical scenarios. Both scenarios, while plausible, involve assumptions. The first scenario is based on the generalization of the model to a vertex model, and the assumption that the exact analytic form of the critical manifold of this vertex model is determined by the zeroes of an O(2) gauge-invariant polynomial in the vertex weights. However, it is not possible to fit the coefficients of such polynomials of orders up to 10, such as to reproduce the numerical data for the critical points. The second theoretical prediction is based on the assumption that a renormalization mapping exists of the Ising model on the Coulomb gas, and analysis of the resulting renormalization equations. It leads to a shape of the critical line that is inconsistent with the first prediction, but consistent with the numerical data.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
Electron and muon $g-2$, radiative neutrino mass, and $\ell' \to \ell γ$ in a $U(1)_{e-μ}$ model
Creators: name: Chen, Chuan-Hung
name: Nomura, Takaaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A nonconventional $U(1)_{e-μ}$ gauge model is proposed to explain the unexpected anomalous magnetic moments of the electron and muon (lepton $g-2$), where only the right-handed electron and muon in the standard model carry the $U(1)_{e-μ}$ charge. Although the light lepton masses are suppressed when the gauge symmetry is spontaneously broken, they can be generated through the Yukawa couplings to newly introduced particles, such as vector-like lepton doublets and singlet, and scalar singlets. It is found that the same Yukawa couplings combined with the new scalar couplings to the Higgs can induce the radiative lepton-flavor violation processes $\ell' \to \ell γ$ and lepton $g-2$, where the lepton $g-2$ is proportional to $m_{\ell}$. When Majorana fermions and a scalar singlet are further added into the model, the active neutrinos can obtain masses via the radiative seesaw mechanism. When the bounds from the $m_e$ and $m_μ$ and the neutrino data are satisfied, we find that the electron $g-2$ can reach an order of $-10^{-12}$, and the muon $g-2$ can be an order of $10^{-9}$. In addition, when the $μ\to e γ$ decay is suppressed, the resulting branching ratio for $τ\to e γ$ can be of $O(10^{-8})$, and that for $τ\to μγ$ can be as large as the current upper limit.
description: 24 pages, 7 figures, version accepted for publication in NPB
A comparison of labor market segmentation: Germany and the United States
Creators: name: Strand, Alexander
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This dissertation explores several topics related to international comparisons of labor market segmentation. A segmented labor market is one in which mobility barriers prevent certain workers from obtaining the job of their choice. Some theorists have asserted that women are segmented into certain occupations. If true, this "crowding" would lead to lower wages than are warranted by the incentives and demands of the occupations into which women are segregated. Previous empirical tests of this hypothesis have produced conflicting results. An international comparison offers a unique opportunity to examine the effects of differing gender roles and labor market institutions on the relation between occupational segregation and wages. Germany is an ideal subject country for this study because German women's labor market behavior is unique among industrial countries. The United States is the reference country. The German Socio-Economic Panel data are used as well as the Panel Study of Income Dynamics. The relationship between the gender composition of a worker's occupation and wages is described in detail. The techniques that have been previously applied to the U.S. are reproduced and applied to Germany. The presentation of the degree and kind of occupational segregation is more comprehensive than that in the previous literature of international comparisons. This adds the result that there is more extreme occupational segregation in the U.S. while still confirming previous research showing more aggregate occupational segregation in Germany. The main result is that there is a smaller independent effect of occupational segregation on wages in Germany than in the U.S. even though Germany has a greater gross correlation of the degree of segregation and wages. A more general comparative analysis of labor market segmentation is also developed. The empirical methods are evaluated to determine which would be suitable for international comparisons. The endogenous switching model is chosen because it does not rely on the judgment of the researcher in defining segments. However, the model does not produce labor market segments for Germany that fit expectations based on prior research. The implications of this unexpected finding are explored.
Riverine Women after Resettlement
Creators: name: Patchineelam, Satya Maia
Publisher: name: SPOOL
Year: 2021

description: The construction of Belo Monte Hydropower dam has resettled riverine communities from their homes to the outskirts of the city of Altamira, kilometres away and disconnected from the river. Resettlement can be a threat to both women and men’s adaptation in the new environment, whereas the lack of in-depth studies regarding gender policies and local traditional communities can create even more obstacles for women. The disconnection that stems the resettlement from these individuals has resulted in the loss of their spatial identity and livelihood. This situation caused local traditional people to share resettlement units with city dwellers, thereby jeopardising their traditions and distancing them from both the river and their livelihood.
description: SPOOL, Vol. 8 No. 3 (2021): Landscape Metropolis #8
Recall, consistency, and determinants of flashbulb memories
Creators: name: Tekcan, Ali Izzet
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Two multi-group studies were conducted to investigate flashbulb (FB) memories for the death of the President of Turkey, Turgut Ozal. In Study 1, the recollections of two groups of participants (Turks living in Turkey and in North America) were obtained twice, two weeks and seven months after the event. in addition, two other groups (one in each location) were tested for the first time after seven months. In Study 2, four groups of participants (Turks living in Turkey and abroad as well as foreigners living in Turkey and abroad) attempted to recall the same event 38 months after the occurrence. The results of Study 1 showed that although Turks in Turkey and in North America differed from each other on the intensity of emotional reactions, frequency of rehearsal, and the amount and type of media exposures, the recall levels were similar and very high two weeks after the event, presumably due to the consequentiality of the event for both groups. Those who were tested only once after seven months in Study 1 also showed high levels of recall after seven months. Similarly, in Study 2, all groups except the foreigners abroad, showed a very high recall performance. However, when the participants were retested after seven months in Study 1, there were some inconsistencies between these recollections and their earlier ones. Both studies indicated a memory advantage for Turks living abroad; they were more consistent after seven months (Study 1) and they had higher recall levels after 38 months (Study 2). Results from both studies showed that the intensity of emotional reactions and, for some groups, surprise were related to higher levels of recall and consistency. In general, exposure to very high numbers of news items and frequent rehearsal of the target event as well as of the reception context was positively correlated with recall levels but negatively correlated with consistency. Study 2 also showed that interest in and knowledge about the target event seemed to be the most important variables in the formation of FB memories.
Confinement in the Abelian-Higgs-type theories: string picture and field correlators
Creators: name: Antonov, Dmitri
name: Ebert, Dietmar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Field correlators and the string representation are used as two complementary approaches for the description of confinement in the SU(N)-inspired dual Abelian-Higgs-type model. In the London limit of the simplest, SU(2)-inspired, model, bilocal electric field-strength correlators have been derived with accounting for the contributions to these averages produced by closed dual strings. The Debye screening in the plasma of such strings yields a novel long-range interaction between points lying on the contour of the Wilson loop. This interaction generates a Luescher-type term, even when one restrics oneself to the minimal surface, as it is usually done in the bilocal approximation to the stochastic vacuum model. Beyond the London limit, it has been shown that a modified interaction appears, which becomes reduced to the standard Yukawa one in the London limit. Finally, a string representation of the SU(N)-inspired model with the theta-term, in the London limit, can be constructed.
description: 17 pages, no figures, REVTeX 4; Invited contribution to the collection of articles devoted to the 70th birthday of Yu.A. Simonov
Who Forms Local Institutions? Levels of Household Participation in India’s Joint Forest Management Program
Creators: name: Behera, Bhagirath
name: Engel, Stefanie
name: Behera, Bhagirath
name: Engel, Stefanie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Participatory approaches aim at achieving representation of a broad segment of local communities, including poor and marginalized groups in natural resource management. Focusing on the case of Joint Forest Management (JFM) in India, this paper analyzes three levels of participation (attendance of decisive meetings, membership in executive committees, and influence on decisions taken) and their determinants. A conceptual model of the different levels of participation and their linkages is presented and tested through econometric analysis of data from 660 households within 55 JFM communities in Andhra Pradesh. Results indicate that participatory approaches have been somewhat successful in achieving representation of marginalized groups in executive committees and their attendance of meetings. Actual decision-making processes continue, however, to be dominated by community elites as well as forest department officials.
Rice Biotechnology and Its Potential to Combat Vitamin A Deficiency: A Case Study of Golden Rice in Bangladesh
Creators: name: Zimmermann, Roukayatou
name: Ahmed, Faruk
name: Zimmermann, Roukayatou
name: Ahmed, Faruk
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Health Economics and Policy

description: Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) remains a public health problem in many developing countries. Thousands of preschool children go blind every year, and many of them die due to VAD. Also VAD weakens the immune system, making children to be prey to infection diseases. Adults are also affected by VAD, and the most affected population groups are pregnant and lactating women. Fortunately, there are many ways to tackle this problem, including pharmaceutical supplementation, food fortification, dietary education, and breeding food crops rich in micronutrient. One of the famous examples of crops rich in micronutrient is Golden Rice (GR). Golden Rice has been genetically engineered to produce beta-carotene in the grain endosperm. Beta-carotene is a precursor of vitamin A (VA). This study analyses the potential health impacts of this rice on VA deficient consumers in Bangladesh. We have calculated the current burden of VAD in the country by using the methodology of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), then simulated the future benefits by using 24 hours recall data for individual food intake of household members. Finally, we have juxtaposed the health benefits and overall cost of Research and Development (R&D) of GR in Bangladesh to assess its cost-effectiveness. Since GR is still in the stage of R&D, our calculations are of ex ante nature. Therefore, we have used scenarios for our calculations. To test the robustness of parameters used, we have conducted a sensitivity analysis. The results of our study show that GR has a potential to reduce significantly the burden of VAD in Bangladesh and the technology is cost-effective. However, the same results show also that GR alone will not completely eliminate the problems of VAD; therefore GR should be seen as a complementary intervention to the existing ones.
Household Migration Decisions as Survival Strategy: The Case of Burkina Faso
Creators: name: Konseiga, Adama
name: Konseiga, Adama
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
Risk and Uncertainty

description: The paper examines the basic determinants behind the process of migration from Burkina Faso to Cote d’Ivoire. It uses a detailed household survey dataset on migration, natural resource management, risk management and solidarity collected in 2000 and 2002 in Northeastern Burkina Faso. In addition, two other village and institutional level surveys were conducted. The methodology emphasizes the link between economic theories and empirical evidence, using econometric tools that are robust to the selection bias. This enables to investigate the specificities of the seasonal migration and to estimate migration incomes. The structural model of migration decision revealed the importance of migration as a mere survival strategy in the study regions. Results showed that even under the pessimistic scenario where the direct benefits of the regional integration program would go exclusively to the leading economy, households in the Sahel may benefit from an increased economic attractiveness of this destination. Owing to the fact that the migration is seasonal, the increased migration will translate into higher liquidity that enables households to overcome credit and insurance market failures and invest in their main agro pastoral activities. Additionally, the role of the unsecured livestock activity acts as an impediment to migration of the pastoralist groups. The study recommended the development of policies that address security issues through well-functioning rural labor market institutions and enforceable rules regarding shepherd contracts. It is also important to enforce regional laws regarding the free movement of labor.
Recall, consistency, and determinants of flashbulb memories
Creators: name: Tekcan, Ali Izzet
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
classificationCode: 5204
subject: Cognitive and computational psychology
classificationCode: 5205
subject: Social and personality psychology

description: Two multi-group studies were conducted to investigate flashbulb (FB) memories for the death of the President of Turkey, Turgut Ozal. In Study 1, the recollections of two groups of participants (Turks living in Turkey and in North America) were obtained twice, two weeks and seven months after the event. in addition, two other groups (one in each location) were tested for the first time after seven months. In Study 2, four groups of participants (Turks living in Turkey and abroad as well as foreigners living in Turkey and abroad) attempted to recall the same event 38 months after the occurrence. The results of Study 1 showed that although Turks in Turkey and in North America differed from each other on the intensity of emotional reactions, frequency of rehearsal, and the amount and type of media exposures, the recall levels were similar and very high two weeks after the event, presumably due to the consequentiality of the event for both groups. Those who were tested only once after seven months in Study 1 also showed high levels of recall after seven months. Similarly, in Study 2, all groups except the foreigners abroad, showed a very high recall performance. However, when the participants were retested after seven months in Study 1, there were some inconsistencies between these recollections and their earlier ones. Both studies indicated a memory advantage for Turks living abroad; they were more consistent after seven months (Study 1) and they had higher recall levels after 38 months (Study 2). Results from both studies showed that the intensity of emotional reactions and, for some groups, surprise were related to higher levels of recall and consistency. In general, exposure to very high numbers of news items and frequent rehearsal of the target event as well as of the reception context was positively correlated with recall levels but negatively correlated with consistency. Study 2 also showed that interest in and knowledge about the target event seemed to be the most important variables in the formation of FB memories.
A Review of the Efficacy and Cost-Effectiveness of On-Farm BMPs for Mitigating Soil-Related GHG Emissions
Creators: name: Yanni, Sandra
name: Rajsic, Predrag
name: Wagner-Riddle, Claudia
name: Weersink, Alfons
name: Yanni, Sandra
name: Rajsic, Predrag
name: Wagner-Riddle, Claudia
name: Weersink, Alfons
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Production Economics
subject: greenhouse gases
subject: best management practices
subject: cost effectiveness
subject: nitrification inhibitor
subject: cover crops

description: The greenhouse gas (GHG) sources and carbon (C) sinks of Ontario’s agricultural soils and the impacts of management practices and potential strategies to reduce emissions and increase sinks are not well-quantified. In addition, there is a need to determine the economics behind different practices to better inform future program design. The objective of this review was to provide a synthesis of the science on the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of best management practices (BMPs) at mitigating GHG emissions and increasing sinks from soils, landscapes, climates and production systems relevant to Ontario.
Alcohol abuse in individuals with social phobia: Roles of coping responses and alcohol expectancies
Creators: name: Tran, Giao Quynh
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The current study examined personal variables that may contribute to alcohol abuse by individuals with social phobia. Two major research questions were addressed: What increases social phobics' vulnerability to maladaptive behaviors? What distinguishes socially phobic alcohol abusers from non-abusers?; Consistent with Beck and Emery's (1985) cognitive theory, it was hypothesized that less effective coping in social situations and negative self-evaluation increase social phobics' vulnerability to maladaptive behaviors. Based on Abrams and Niaura's (1987) social-learning theory of alcohol abuse, it was hypothesized that less effective coping in alcohol-specific situations, high positive alcohol expectancies of tension reduction, and low negative alcohol expectancies of impairment distinguish socially phobic alcohol abusers from non-abusers. Research hypotheses were tested with a community sample of social phobics with alcohol abuse (SPAs, n = 19), social phobics without alcohol abuse (SPs, n = 19), and normal controls without psychiatric disorders (NCs, n = 21). As predicted, SP participants reported less problem-focused coping than NCs in non-alcohol social situations and rated themselves as less skillful in interpersonal roleplays. However, contrasting the research hypothesis, observers did not rate SPs as less ARM in interpersonal situations. Given that most daily activities involve social situations, these results suggest that social phobics' less effective coping and negative self-evaluations in social situations can increase their vulnerability to maladaptive behaviors. Comparison of SPAs and SPs on self-report problem-focused coping and observed coping skills showed the predicted situation-specific effects for alcohol versus non-alcohol situations. Compared to SPs, SPAs reported less problem-focused coping during alcohol-accessible social situations, but not during alcohol-inaccessible social situations. Similarly, observers rated SPAs as less skillful than SPs on their alcohol-abstinent skills, but not their social skills. As hypothesized, SPAs reported higher positive alcohol expectancies than SPs. However, contrasting study predictions, SPAs and SPs did not differ in negative alcohol expectancies and self-rated coping in alcohol situations. In summary, the present results mostly support cognitive and social-learning theories of social phobia and alcohol abuse, respectively, and highlight methodological issues for assessment of coping skills and negative alcohol expectancies. The current findings may also have implications for treating individuals with comorbid social phobia and alcohol abuse.
Hypaetha quadrilineata subsp. renei
Creators: name: Azadbakhsh, Saeed
name: Mirmoayedi, Alinaghi
name: Jamali, Samad
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Hypaetha
Hypaetha quadrilineata
Hypaetha quadrilineata renei (w. horn, 1897)

description: Hypaetha quadrilineata renei (W. Horn, 1897)
 Material Examined. Hormozgan province, Bandar Abbas env., 12.IV.2016, S. Azadbakhsh leg. & det. (1 specimen).
 Distribution. Southern Iran, Hormozgan province. This subspecies was reported from this locality by Naviaux (1983).
 Biology. The specimen was collected by net at the seashore.
description: Published as part of Azadbakhsh, Saeed, Mirmoayedi, Alinaghi & Jamali, Samad, 2017, New Faunistic Records of Ground Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in Southern Iran, pp. 413-418 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 71 (2) on pages 413-414, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-71.2.413, http://zenodo.org/record/4836649
Angular momentum-related probe of cold gas deficiencies
Creators: name: Li, Jie
name: Obreschkow, Danail
name: Lagos, Claudia
name: Cortese, Luca
name: Welker, Charlotte
name: Džudžar, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent studies of neutral atomic hydrogen (HI) in nearby galaxies found that all field disk galaxies are HI saturated, in that they carry roughly as much HI as permitted before this gas becomes gravitationally unstable. By taking this HI saturation for granted, the atomic gas fraction $f_{\rm atm}$ of galactic disks can be predicted as a function of the stability parameter $q=jσ/(GM)$, where $M$ and $j$ are the baryonic mass and specific angular momentum of the disk and $σ$ is the HI velocity dispersion Obreschkow et al. 2016. The log-ratio $Δf_q$ between this predictor and the observed atomic fraction can be seen as a physically motivated `HI deficiency'. While field disk galaxies have $Δf_q \approx0$, objects subject to environmental removal of HI are expected to have $Δf_q>0$. Within this framework, we revisit the HI deficiencies of satellite galaxies in the Virgo cluster and in clusters of the EAGLE simulation. We find that observed and simulated cluster galaxies are HI deficient and that $Δf_q$ slightly increases when getting closer to the cluster centres. The $Δf_q$ values are similar to traditional HI deficiency estimators, but $Δf_q$ is more directly comparable between observations and simulations than morphology-based deficiency estimators. By tracking the simulated HI deficient cluster galaxies back in time, we confirm that $Δf_q\approx0$ until the galaxies first enter a halo with $M_{\rm halo}>10^{13} {\rm M_{\odot}}$, at which moment they quickly lose HI by environmental effects. Finally, we use the simulation to investigate the links between $Δf_q$ and quenching of star formation.
The four postulates of quantum mechanics are three
Creators: name: Carcassi, Gabriele
name: Maccone, Lorenzo
name: Aidala, Christine A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The tensor product postulate of quantum mechanics states that the Hilbert space of a composite system is the tensor product of the components' Hilbert spaces. All current formalizations of quantum mechanics that do not contain this postulate contain some equivalent postulate or assumption (sometimes hidden). Here we give a natural definition of composite system as a set containing the component systems and show how one can logically derive the tensor product rule from the state postulate and from the measurement postulate. In other words, our paper reduces by one the number of postulates necessary to quantum mechanics.
description: 4 pages+supplementary information. Final version accepted for publication on Phys. Rev. Lett
Deterministic secure communication protocol without using entanglement
Creators: name: Cai, Qing-yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show a deterministic secure direct communication protocol using single qubit in mixed state. The security of this protocol is based on the security proof of BB84 protocol. It can be realized with current technologies.
description: This is an advanced version of quant-ph/0304033