cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The doubling of the superorbital period of Cyg X-1
Creators: name: Zdziarski, Andrzej A.
name: Pooley, Guy G.
name: Skinner, Gerald K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study properties of the superorbital modulation of the X-ray emission of Cyg X-1. We find that it has had a stable period of about 300 d in soft and hard X-rays and in radio since 2005 until at least 2010, which is about double the previously seen period. This new period, seen in the hard spectral state only, is detected not only in the light curves but also in soft X-ray hardness ratios and in the amplitude of the orbital modulation. On the other hand, the spectral slope in hard X-rays, >20 keV, averaged over superorbital bins is constant, and the soft and hard X-rays and the radio emission change in phase. This shows that the superorbital variability consists of changing the normalization of an intrinsic spectrum of a constant shape and of changes of the absorbing column density with the phase. The maximum column density is achieved at the superorbital minimum. The amplitude changes are likely to be caused by a changing viewing angle of an anisotropic emitter, most likely a precessing accretion disc. The constant shape of the intrinsic spectrum shows that this modulation is not caused by a changing accretion rate. The modulated absorbing column density shows the presence of a bulge around the disc centre, as proposed previously. We also find the change of the superorbital period from about 150 d to about 300 d to be associated with almost unchanged average X-ray fluxes, making the period change difficult to explain in the framework of disc-irradiation models. Finally, we find no correlation of the X-ray and radio properties with the reported detections in the GeV and TeV gamma-ray range.
description: MNRAS, in press, 8 pages
Coexistence of superconductivity and ferromagnetism in two dimensions
Creators: name: Dikin, D. A.
name: Mehta, M.
name: Bark, C. W.
name: Folkman, C. M.
name: Eom, C. B.
name: Chandrasekhar, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ferromagnetism is usually considered to be incompatible with conventional superconductivity, as it destroys the singlet correlations responsible for the pairing interaction. Superconductivity and ferromagnetism are known to coexist in only a few bulk rare-earth materials. Here we report evidence for their coexistence in a two-dimensional system: the interface between two bulk insulators, LaAlO$_3$ (LAO) and SrTiO$_3$ (STO), a system that has been studied intensively recently. Magnetoresistance, Hall and electric-field dependence measurements suggest that there are two distinct bands of charge carriers that contribute to the interface conductivity. The sensitivity of properties of the interface to an electric field make this a fascinating system for the study of the interplay between superconductivity and magnetism.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Exploring the dietary choices of Chinese women living with breast cancer in Metro Vancouver
Creators: name: Ng, Brenda
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in Canadian women, including women from immigrant groups. Many women with breast cancer believe that diet is responsible for their cancer and recurrence. Several ethnic groups have culturally distinctive views on food and its consumption, including the Chinese who constitute the largest visible minority population in Metro Vancouver. Studies have shown that Chinese breast cancer patients in other countries integrate their cultural beliefs about diet and traditional Chinese medicine to prevent cancer recurrence and promote health. However, limited studies have been performed to understand the dietary choices and information needs of Chinese breast cancer patients in British Columbia (B.C.). Currently there are few culturally specific resources despite the large immigrant population in the province. In this qualitative study, purposive sampling was used to recruit 19 first- and second-generation Chinese Canadian women aged 41-73 years in Vancouver, who have been diagnosed with breast cancer within the last five years. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed using qualitative data analysis software and manual coding. Themes were developed using interpretive description methodology, an inductive approach to understanding clinical phenomena and generate implications for clinical practice. A follow-up focus group was held with participants to validate the emergent themes and enhance rigour. Five main themes were generated; (i) dietary change process, (ii) goals of dietary change, (iii) dietary beliefs and uncertainties, (iv) barriers and facilitators to dietary change and (v) information and resource needs. Participants implemented dietary changes to various degrees and the majority reduced consumption of meat. Many expressed fear and uncertainties over the effects of some foods after diagnosis. Barriers and facilitators to dietary change were family preference, convenience, taste and cost. The main sources of diet related information were family, friends, Internet, media, supportive cancer care centre, and doctors of traditional Chinese medicine. Participants revealed the need for consistent, credible and culturally sensitive information on the health effects of certain foods. The preferred means of delivery include a website and/or seminars conducted in Chinese by healthcare professionals who are familiar with Chinese dietary preferences.
Quantum geometry from 2+1 AdS quantum gravity on the torus
Creators: name: Nelson, J. E.
name: Picken, R. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81R50, 83C45

description: Wilson observables for 2+1 quantum gravity with negative cosmological constant, when the spatial manifold is a torus, exhibit several novel features: signed area phases relate the observables assigned to homotopic loops, and their commutators describe loop intersections, with properties that are not yet fully understood. We describe progress in our study of this bracket, which can be interpreted as a q-deformed Goldman bracket, and provide a geometrical interpretation in terms of a quantum version of Pick's formula for the area of a polygon with integer vertices.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures, revised with more explanations, improved figures and extra figures. To appear GERG
Supersymmetry Transformations for Delta Potentials
Creators: name: C., David J. Fernández
name: Gadella, Manuel
name: Nieto, Luis-Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We make a detailed study of the first and second-order SUSY partners of a one-dimensional free Hamiltonian with a singular perturbation proportional to a Dirac delta function. It is shown that the second-order transformations increase the spectral manipulation possibilities offered by the standard first-order supersymmetric quantum mechanics.
Molecular Disks in Radio Galaxies: The pathway to ALMA
Creators: name: Prandoni, I.
name: Laing, R. A.
name: de Ruiter, H. R.
name: Parma, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. It has recently been proposed that the jets of low-luminosity radio galaxies are powered by direct accretion of the hot phase of the IGM onto the central black hole. Cold gas remains a plausible alternative fuel supply, however. The most compelling evidence that cold gas plays a role in fueling radio galaxies is that dust is detected more commonly and/or in larger quantities in (elliptical) radio galaxies compared with radio-quiet elliptical galaxies. On the other hand, only small numbers of radio galaxies have yet been detected in CO (and even fewer imaged), and whether or not all radio galaxies have enough cold gas to fuel their jets remains an open question. If so, then the dynamics of the cold gas in the nuclei of radio galaxies may provide important clues to the fuelling mechanism. Aims. The only instrument capable of imaging the molecular component on scales relevant to the accretion process is ALMA, but very little is yet known about CO in southern radio galaxies. Our aim is to measure the CO content in a complete volume-limited sample of southern radio galaxies, in order to create a well-defined list of nearby targets to be imaged in the near future with ALMA. Methods. APEX has recently been equipped with a receiver (APEX-1) able to observe the 230 GHz waveband. This allows us to search for CO(2-1) line emission in our target galaxies. Results. Here we present the results for our first three southern targets, proposed for APEX-1 spectroscopy during science verification: NGC3557, IC4296 and NGC1399. The experiment was successful with two targets detected, and possible indications for a double-horned CO line profile, consistent with ordered rotation. These early results are encouraging, demonstrating that APEX can efficiently detect CO in nearby radio galaxies. We therefore plan to use APEX to obtain CO spectroscopy for all our southern targets.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for Publication in A&A
Speedy Higgs boson discovery in decays to tau lepton pairs : h->tau,tau
Creators: name: Barr, Alan J.
name: French, Sky T.
name: Frost, James A.
name: Lester, Christopher G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Discovery of the Higgs boson in any decay channel depends on the existence of event variables or cuts with sensitivity to the presence of the Higgs. We demonstrate the non-optimality of the kinematic variables which are currently expected to play the largest role in the discovery (or exclusion) of the Higgs at the LHC in the tau channel. Any LHC collaboration looking for opportunities to gain advantages over its rivals should, perhaps, consider the alternative strategy we propose.
description: 4 pages. 3 figures. Additional material in version 2: Figure 2c (distribution of m_tautau^true), Figure 3 (showing the relative sensitivity of different projections), related discussion
On the structure of typical states of a disordered Richardson model and many-body localization
Creators: name: Buccheri, Francesco
name: De Luca, Andrea
name: Scardicchio, Antonello
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a thorough numerical study of the Richardson model with quenched disorder (a fully-connected XX-model with longitudinal random fields). We study the onset of delocalization in typical states (many-body delocalization) and the delocalized phase which extends over the whole range of coupling strength in the thermodynamic limit. We find a relation between the inverse participation ratio, the Edwards-Anderson order parameter and the average Hamming distance between spin configurations covered by a typical eigenstate for which we conjecture a remarkably simple form for the thermodynamic limit. We also studied the random process defined by the spread of a typical eigenstate on configuration space, highlighting several similarities with hopping on percolated hypercube, a process used to mimic the slow relaxation of spin glasses.
description: 8 pages; references and figures added, last section expanded
Das Ich -  ein zweites Selbst - Interkulturelle Selbstkonstruktion und ethnographische Repräsentationsweise in Orhan Pamuks Roman "Die weiße Festung"
Creators: name: Gebhardt-Fuchs, Katrin
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2014
Subjects: Deutsch-türkische Literatur
Interkulturalität
Kulturtheorien
Orhan Pamuk
Interkulturelle Literaturwissenschaft

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit den kulturtheoretischen Grundlagen, insbesondere der Kulturanthropologie und ihrer Erkenntnis über die ethnographische Darstellungsweise von fremden Kulturen in der interkulturellen Literaturwissenschaft. Literarische Texte als Formen der kulturellen Wahrnehmung und Selbstthematisierung zu verstehen, werden am Beispiel der deutsch-türkischen Gegenwartliteratur beleuchtet. Besondere Aufmerksamkeit gilt dem Roman "Die weiße Festung" von Orhan Pamuk.
Tracking the effects of interactions on spinons in gapless Heisenberg chains
Creators: name: Caux, J. -S.
name: Konno, H.
name: Sorrell, M.
name: Weston, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the effects of interactions on the nature of spinon excitations in Heisenberg spin-1/2 chains. We explicitly compute the two-spinon part of the longitudinal structure factor of the infinite chain in zero field for all values of anisotropy in the gapless antiferromagnetic regime, via an exact algebraic approach. Our results allow us to quantitatively describe the behaviour of these fundamental excitations for cases ranging from free to fully coupled chains, thereby explicitly mapping the effects of `turning on the interactions' in a strongly-correlated system.
description: 5 pages, 8 figures
Interaction between M2-branes and Bulk Form Fields
Creators: name: Kim, Yoonbai
name: Kwon, O-Kab
name: Nakajima, Hiroaki
name: Tolla, D. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct the interaction terms between the world-volume fields of multiple M2-branes and the 3- and 6-form fields in the context of ABJM theory with U($N$)$\times$U($N$) gauge symmetry. A consistency check is made in the simplest case of a single M2-brane, i.e, our construction matches the known effective action of M2-brane coupled to antisymmetric 3-form field. We show that when dimensionally reduced, our couplings coincide with the effective action of D2-branes coupled to R-R 3- and 5-form fields in type IIA string theory. We also comment on the relation between a coupling with a specific 6-form field configuration and the supersymmetry preserving mass deformation in ABJM theory.
description: 30 pages, version to appear in JHEP
Funktionalisierte DNA: Netzwerke mit Perylenbisimid, Hybride mit Pyrrolidinyl-PNA und kupferfreie "Click"-Reaktion
Creators: name: Stubinitzky, Claudia
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2014
Subjects: DNA
Perylenbisimid
Bipyridin
DNA-Netzwerke
Pyrrolidinyl-PNA
Einzelbasendiskriminierung
kupferfreie Click-Reaktion
COMBO

description: Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurde funktionalisierte DNA erfolgreich zur Ausbildung von mono- und bifunktionalisierten DNA-Netzwerken, zur Untersuchung des Einzelbasendiskriminierungspotenzials der Pyrrolidinyl-PNA sowie zur kupferfreien "Click"-Reaktion durch Inkorporation von Monobenzozyklooktin eingesetzt.
Narrowing of topological bands due to electronic orbital degrees of freedom
Creators: name: Venderbos, Jörn W. F.
name: Daghofer, Maria
name: Brink, Jeroen van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Fractional Quantum Hall (FQH) effect has been predicted to occur in absence of magnetic fields and at high temperature in lattice systems that have flat bands with non-zero Chern number. We demonstrate that the presence of orbital degrees of freedom in frustrated lattice systems leads to a narrowing of topologically nontrivial bands. This robust effect does not rely on a fine-tuning of long-range hopping parameters as do other recent proposals to realize lattice FQH states and is directly relevant to a wide class of transition metal compounds.
description: published version of paper; added appendices with supplementary information
Anaerobe Metabolite organischer Schadstoffe im Grundwasser - Analytik, Bildung und Nutzung als Indikatoren
Creators: name: Jobelius, Carsten
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2014
Subjects: Anaerober Abbau
Natural attenuation
kontaminiertes Grundwasser
saure aromatische und heterozyklische Metabolite
LC-MS

description: Schwerpunkt dieser Arbeit ist die Untersuchung des Auftretens saurer Metabolite aromatischer und heterozyklischer Schadstoffe in kontaminierten Aquiferen sowie die Erforschung von deren Eignung als Indikatoren für den mikrobiellen Schadstoffabbau. Auf Grundlage entwickelter spezifischer massenspektrometrischer Messmethoden konnten eine Vielzahl von Metaboliten identifiziert und quantifiziert sowie die Zusammenhänge mit dem jeweiligen Ausgangsschadstoff untersucht werden.
Singlet Extensions of the MSSM in the Quiver Landscape
Creators: name: Cvetič, Mirjam
name: Halverson, James
name: Langacker, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We map out possible extensions of the MSSM in the context of type II string theory. We systematically investigate three-stack and four-stack quivers which realize the MSSM spectrum with the addition of a single MSSM singlet S with an allowed S H_u H_d term, which can lead to a dynamical electroweak-scale mu-term. We present the three quivers which satisfy stringent string-theoretic and phenomenological constraints, including the presence of non-zero masses for all three families of quarks and leptons, the perturbative and non-perturbative absence of R-parity violating couplings and rapid dimension-five proton decay, and a mechanism for small neutrino masses. We find that these quivers can realize many models in the class of singlet-extended (supersymmetric) standard models, as D-instanton effects can in principle generate a superpotential of the form f(S), where f is a polynomial. Finally, we address the issue of the stabilization and decoupling of charged moduli which generically appear in D-instanton corrections to the superpotential.
description: 15 pages, plus references. Version 2: accepted to JHEP
Investigations on the Enzymatic Synthesis of Novel Glycolipids - Establishment and optimization of the synthesis including product characterization
Creators: name: Pöhnlein, Martin Stefan
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2014

description: Within this thesis the lipase-catalyzed synthesis of amino sugar fatty acid esters in organic solvents was demonstrated. This synthesis was characterized and optimized by the variation of several crucial reaction parameters. Further the establishment of a screening assay to detect lipase activity in organic solvents and glycolipid syntheses in deep eutectic solvents were successfully performed.
Untersuchungen zum Einfluss von Zink auf die Aktivität der DNA-Reparaturproteine PARP-1, OGG1 und APE1
Creators: name: Schulze, Elisa
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2014
Subjects: Zink
DNA-Reparatur
PARP-1
OGG1
APE1

description: In den Industrieländern wird eine ausreichende Zinkzufuhr durch eine ausgewogene Ernährung gewährleistet. Allerdings kann eine übermäßige Supplementierung durch Zinkpräparate zur Überversorgung führen. In dieser Arbeit wurde der Einfluss von erhöhten Zinkkonzentrationen auf die Poly(ADP-Ribose)-Polymerase-1, die 8-Oxogunanin-DNA-Glykosylase 1 und die Apurinische/Apyrimidinische-Endonuklease 1 in Zellkulturen und unter Verwendung der isolierten Proteine ermittelt.
Comparison between charge and spin transport in few layer graphene
Creators: name: Maassen, T.
name: Dejene, F. K.
name: Guimarães, M. H. D.
name: Józsa, C.
name: van Wees, B. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transport measurements on few layer graphene (FLG) are important as they interpolate between the properties of single layer graphene (SLG) as a true 2-dimensional material and the 3-dimensional bulk properties of graphite. In this article we present 4-probe local charge transport and non-local spin valve and spin precession measurements on lateral spin field-effect transistors (FET) on FLG. We study systematically the charge and spin transport properties depending on the number of layers and the electrical back gating of the device. We explain the charge transport measurements by taking the screening of scattering potentials into account and use the results to understand the spin data. The measured samples are between 3 and 20 layers thick and we include in our analysis our earlier results of the measurements on SLG for comparison. In our room temperature spin transport measurements we manage to observe spin signals over distances up to 10 u m and measure spin-relaxation times up to tau_s ~500 ps, about 4 times higher than in SLG. We calculate the density of states (DOS) of FLG using a zone-folding scheme to determine the charge diffusion coefficient D_C from the square resistance R_S. The resulting D_C and the spin diffusion coefficient D_S show similar values and depend only weakly on the number of layers and gate induced charge carriers. We discuss the implications of this on the identification of the spin-relaxation mechanism.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Horizontaltragfähigkeit von Wänden aus Leichtbeton-Schalungssteinen - Experimente und numerische Modellierung
Creators: name: Bacht, Tobias
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2014
Subjects: Nichtlineare Finite Elemente Analyse
FEM
Schalungssteine
Mantelbetonsteine
Verlorene Schalung
Numerische Modellierung großformatiger Versuche

description: Eigene experimentellen Untersuchungen wurden auf Basis eines Schalungssteins aus haufwerksporigem Leichtbeton durchgefüht. Die experimentellen Ergebnisse wurden in einem numerischen Modell weitergehend untersucht. Die experimentellen und numerischen Untersuchungen führten schließlich zur Entwicklung eines praxistauglichen Bemessungskonzeptes für Aussteifungswände aus Schalungssteinen.
Hubbard model description of silicon spin qubits: charge stability diagram and tunnel coupling in Si double quantum dots
Creators: name: Sarma, S. Das
name: Wang, Xin
name: Yang, Shuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the recently introduced Hubbard model approach to quantitatively describe the experimental charge stability diagram and tunnel coupling of silicon double quantum dot systems. The results calculated from both the generalized Hubbard model and the microscopic theory are compared with existing experimental data, and excellent agreement between theory and experiment is found. The central approximation of our theory is a reduction of the full multi-electron multi-band system to an effective two-electron model, which is numerically tractable. In the microscopic theory we utilize the Hund-Mulliken approximation to the electron wave functions and compare the results calculated with two different forms of confinement potentials (biquadratic and Gaussian). We discuss the implications of our work for future studies.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Shakenoak revisited: post-Roman occupation and burial at a Cotswold-edge villa in the light of new evidence and approaches
Creators: name: Blair, John
name: Hines, John
name: Tait, Katherine
name: Madgwick, Richard
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Shakenoak villa (Oxfordshire) is situated at the interface of the sub-Roman Cotswolds with the Early Anglo-Saxon upper Thames region. A probable sacred site, it may have been an enduring ritual focus. Place-name and topographical evidence builds an unusually strong impression of continuity across the post-Roman period. As at other Cotswold villas, some buildings were occupied well into the fifth century. A cemetery of at least 22 inhumations, mainly male and with sharp-weapon trauma, provides radiocarbon dates which, when modelled, centre around the middle and second half of the fifth century. Multi-isotope analysis (δ13Ccoll, δ15N, 87Sr/86Sr, δ34S, δ13Ccarb, δ18O) of seven individuals indicates a northern European diet typical for this period, and suggests that most of the individuals came from south-west Britain. They may therefore have been warriors posted here by a post-Roman authority in the Cotswolds, not Germanic-speaking mercenaries from the Continent. The late- or sub-Roman military equipment, and a fifth-century bow brooch, are reassessed in the light of more recent studies and new parallels. A boundary ditch contained redeposited Anglo-Saxon material in the fifth- to eighth-century range, suggesting an adjacent settlement; eighth-century sceattas were found on the villa itself. With the new perspectives, Shakenoak re-emerges as a classic study in continuity.
Rapidly Decaying Supernova 2010X: A Candidate ".Ia" Explosion
Creators: name: Kasliwal, Mansi M.
name: Kulkarni, S. R.
name: Gal-Yam, Avishay
name: Yaron, Ofer
name: Quimby, Robert M.
name: Ofek, Eran O.
name: Nugent, Peter
name: Poznanski, Dovi
name: Jacobsen, Janet
name: Sternberg, Assaf
name: Arcavi, Iair
name: Howell, D. Andrew
name: Sullivan, Mark
name: Rich, Douglas J
name: Burke, Paul F
name: MD, Joseph Brimacombe MB ChB FRCA
name: Milisavljevic, Dan
name: Fesen, Robert
name: Bildsten, Lars
name: Shen, Ken
name: Cenko, S. Bradley
name: Bloom, Joshua S.
name: Hsiao, Eric
name: Law, Nicholas M.
name: Gehrels, Neil
name: Immler, Stefan
name: Dekany, Richard
name: Rahmer, Gustavo
name: Hale, David
name: Smith, Roger
name: Zolkower, Jeff
name: Velur, Viswa
name: Walters, Richard
name: Henning, John
name: Bui, Kahnh
name: McKenna, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the discovery, photometric and spectroscopic follow-up observations of SN 2010X (PTF 10bhp). This supernova decays exponentially with tau_d=5 days, and rivals the current recordholder in speed, SN 2002bj. SN 2010X peaks at M_r=-17mag and has mean velocities of 10,000 km/s. Our light curve modeling suggests a radioactivity powered event and an ejecta mass of 0.16 Msun. If powered by Nickel, we show that the Nickel mass must be very small (0.02 Msun) and that the supernova quickly becomes optically thin to gamma-rays. Our spectral modeling suggests that SN 2010X and SN 2002bj have similar chemical compositions and that one of Aluminum or Helium is present. If Aluminum is present, we speculate that this may be an accretion induced collapse of an O-Ne-Mg white dwarf. If Helium is present, all observables of SN 2010X are consistent with being a thermonuclear Helium shell detonation on a white dwarf, a ".Ia" explosion. With the 1-day dynamic-cadence experiment on the Palomar Transient Factory, we expect to annually discover a few such events.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures; Minor Changes; Note correction in Fig 4 caption; published by ApJL
Cell of origin in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Creators: name: Lee, Alex Y. L.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a deadly disease with a ductal morphology. Prior research has identified both pancreatic acinar and ductal cells as possible cells of origin for histologically similar PDAC. However, because different mutations were induced in acinar and ductal cells, apt comparisons could not be made to address whether the tumor cell of origin influences PDAC initiation, development, and other tumor differences. To address this open question, I induced oncogenic Ras expression (KrasG¹²D) with concomitant homozgyous Trp53 deletion at 4 weeks of age in a ductal cell specific (Sox9CreER; KrasLSL-G12D; Trp53flox/flox (“Duct:KPcKO”)) and an acinar cell specific (Ptf1aCreER; KrasLSL-G12D; Trp53flox/flox (“Acinar:KPcKO”)) mouse model. I found that Duct:KPcKO mice met their humane endpoints earlier (82 days post injection, p.i.) than the Acinar:KPcKO mice (128 days p.i.), for reasons associated with differences in the timing of PDAC onset. While tumors from both cells of origin were similarly proliferative and shared many physical characteristics, Duct:KPcKO mice developed tumors much earlier than Acinar:KPcKO mice and this was further associated with a difference in precursor lesion initiation. Specifically, ductal cells only formed high-grade lesions while acinar cells formed precursor lesions of all grades. These findings suggest that cell type intrinsic differences may allow ductal cells to rapidly form PDAC under genetically favorable conditions. In comparison, acinar cells likely require additional steps to alter cell identity and become duct-like – thus delaying PDAC initiation and extending survival. Taken together, I have demonstrated, by using cell type specific mouse models, that cell of origin can alter disease initiation, progression and impact PDAC phenotype.
Micrometer-scale ballistic transport in encapsulated graphene at room temperature
Creators: name: Mayorov, A. S.
name: Gorbachev, R. V.
name: Morozov, S. V.
name: Britnell, L.
name: Jalil, R.
name: Ponomarenko, L. A.
name: Blake, P.
name: Novoselov, K. S.
name: Watanabe, K.
name: Taniguchi, T.
name: Geim, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Devices made from graphene encapsulated in hexagonal boron-nitride exhibit pronounced negative bend resistance and an anomalous Hall effect, which are a direct consequence of room-temperature ballistic transport on a micrometer scale for a wide range of carrier concentrations. The encapsulation makes graphene practically insusceptible to the ambient atmosphere and, simultaneously, allows the use of boron nitride as an ultrathin top gate dielectric.
Scoperta di un nuovo ibrido di Ophrys (Orchidaceae) nel dipartimento dell'Aveyron, Francia / Discovery of a new Ophrys (Orchidaceae) hybrid, in the Aveyron department, France
Creators: name: Romieg Soca
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Ophrys

description: Souche R., 2005. Scoperta di un nuovo ibrido di Ophrys (Orchidaceae) nel dipartimento dell'Aveyron, Francia / Discovery of a new Ophrys (Orchidaceae) hybrid, in the Aveyron department, France. Caesiana 24: 19-24.
Adaptive introgression from Populus balsamifera (balsam poplar) in P. trichocarpa (black cottonwood)
Creators: name: Suarez-Gonzalez, Adriana
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Hybridization is a widespread phenomenon that has shaped the genome of many lineages. In natural hybrid zones, back-crossing of early-generation hybrids over subsequent generations can result in introgression which can introduce adaptive genetic variation. Populus has emerged as a model genus for population genomic studies of adaptation due to porous species barriers and a wealth of genomic resources available. Populus trichocarpa and P. balsamifera are sibling poplar species ecologically divergent and adapted to strongly contrasting environments. In this thesis, I provide evidence for adaptive introgression in P. trichocarpa and P. balsamifera, by implementing local ancestry analyses together with functional, phenotypic and selection tests. Based on a local ancestry analysis across the whole genome, I detected asymmetric patterns of introgression with stronger signals of introgression from P. balsamifera to P. trichocarpa than vice versa. There was no overlap between the introgressed regions in P. trichocarpa compared to those in P. balsamifera or the enriched GO and Pfam terms in the introgressed regions. In admixed P. trichocarpa individuals, candidate regions for adaptive introgression showed strong signals of selection and were enriched for genes that may play crucial roles for survival and adaptation. These analyses also revealed overrepresentation of P. balsamifera introgression in subtelomeric regions and possible protection of the sex-determining regions from interspecific gene flow. An admixture mapping analysis and phenotypic tests provided strong support that introgressive hybridization is a driver of clinal adaptation in P. trichocarpa and suggest that the northern range extension of P. trichocarpa depends, at least in part, on introgression of alleles from P. balsamifera. A number of genomic regions showing unusually high levels of P. balsamifera introgression were significantly associated with putatively adaptive trait combinations, in particular, regions on chromosome 9 and chromosome 15. Overall, these results contribute to our understanding of introgression as a source of genetic variation associated with adaptive characters that may allow improved survival in new environments. To my knowledge, this is the first fine-scale study on natural hybrids of tree species with such a comprehensive view of the effects of admixture in adaptation.
Simple analytic QCD model with perturbative QCD behavior at high momenta
Creators: name: Contreras, Carlos
name: Cvetic, Gorazd
name: Espinosa, Olivier
name: Martinez, Hector E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analytic QCD models are those where the QCD running coupling has the physically correct analytic behavior, i.e., no Landau singularities in the Euclidean regime. We present a simple analytic QCD model in which the discontinuity function of the running coupling at high momentum scales is the same as in perturbative QCD (just like in the analytic QCD model of Shirkov and Solovtsov), but at low scales it is replaced by a delta function which parametrizes the unknown behavior there. We require that the running coupling agree to a high degree with the perturbative coupling at high energies, which reduces the number of free parameters of the model from four to one. The remaining parameter is fixed by requiring the reproduction of the correct value of the semihadronic tau decay ratio.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures, modified title, added discussions, updated BjPSR data used, added references [20,22-27,28b,29-30,32,35,45-48], numerical results and conclusions unchanged, version to appear in Phys.Rev.D
Optimization of electron pumping by harmonic mixing
Creators: name: Rohling, Niklas
name: Grossmann, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a symmetric bridge coupled to infinite leads, in the presence of a dipole-coupled external ac-field with harmonic mixing, we solve the Schrödinger equation in the time-domain using open boundary conditions as well as in the energy-domain using Floquet scattering theory. As this potential breaks parity and generalized parity, we find a non-vanishing average current. We then optimize the relative amplitude ratio between the fundamental and the second harmonic leading to a maximum in the pump current.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, accepted at Phys. Rev. B, http://prb.aps.org/accepted/B/7b073O7dMc412f17647d3877ee3ac5c3e271dcb1c
DNA metabarcoding reveals fine scale geographical differences of consumed algae in the Galápagos marine iguanas (Amblyrhynchus cristatus)
Creators: name: Anslan, Sten
name: Dalgo, Denisse
name: Reinhardt, Timm
name: Peñafiel, Nicolás
name: Guayasamin, Juan
name: Páez-Rosas, Diego
name: Vences, Miguel
name: Steinfartz, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Brill Online
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 60299 Ecology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Galápagos marine iguanas are primarily associated with the marine environment and show special nutritional adaptations. They are the only lizards worldwide that forage on marine macroalgae. Until now, consumed algae have been identified by direct observations during their feeding activities and microscopic identification in faeces samples. In this study, we use a novel DNA metabarcoding approach to identify consumed algal species from the faeces of marine iguanas. We developed primers for the ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase (rbcL) gene and applied a metabarcoding approach to 25 individual faeces samples collected in four representative sites of two subspecies (Amblyrhynchus cristatus mertensi and A. c. godzilla), found in the San Cristóbal Island. We detected 18 consistently occurring macroalgal operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Most of the OTUs were assigned to Rhodophyta (red algae) and only one OTU to Chlorophyta (green algae). Despite the number of consumed algal species did not differ between two subspecies (OTU richness; P = 0.383), diet overlap level between A. c. mertensi and A. c. godzilla was low (Schoener index = 0.345), suggesting that both subspecies consumed different algal species in their natural environment. Further studies are needed to understand whether the difference of consumed algae reflects disparities in the abundance of algal species between sites, or whether iguanas of the two genetically differentiated subspecies prefer distinct algal species.
Ophrys adrachnites, Ophrys sphegodes et Ophrys aranifera
Creators: name: Romieg Soca
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2003
Subjects: Ophrys

description: Soca R., 2003. Ophrys adrachnites, Ophrys sphegodes et Ophrys aranifera. Monde des Plantes 98(480): 23-26.
Languages and Cultures of Ancient Italy
Creators: name: Marinetti, Anna
name: Murano, Francesca
name: Quochi, Valeria
name: Ballerini, Monica
name: Boschetti, Federico
name: Del Grosso, Angelo Mario
name: Piccini, Silvia
name: Rigobianco, Luca
name: Solinas, Patrizia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Ancient Italy
EpiDoc
Computational lexicon
Oscan
Venetic
Celtic
Faliscan

description: The poster presents a newly started project about languages and cultures of Ancient Italy, which brings together competences from Historical Linguistics, Computational Lexicography and Digital Humanities. The main objective of the project is to investigate the cultures of ancient Italy on the basis of their linguistic documentation (7th - 1stc. B.C.) by means of digital tools specifically tailored for their peculiarities.
description: The paper is supported by the Ministero dell'Università e della Ricerca, Italy [PRIN 2017XJLE8J]
The interferon landscape along the respiratory tract impacts the severity of COVID-19.
Creators: name: Sposito, Benedetta
name: Broggi, Achille
name: Pandolfi, Laura
name: Crotta, Stefania
name: Clementi, Nicola
name: Ferrarese, Roberto
name: Sisti, Sofia
name: Criscuolo, Elena
name: Spreafico, Roberto
name: Long, Jaclyn M
name: Ambrosi, Alessandro
name: Liu, Enju
name: Frangipane, Vanessa
name: Saracino, Laura
name: Bozzini, Sara
name: Marongiu, Laura
name: Facchini, Fabio A
name: Bottazzi, Andrea
name: Fossali, Tommaso
name: Colombo, Riccardo
name: Clementi, Massimo
name: Tagliabue, Elena
name: Chou, Janet
name: Pontiroli, Antonio E
name: Meloni, Federica
name: Wack, Andreas
name: Mancini, Nicasio
name: Zanoni, Ivan
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Model organisms
subject: Infectious Disease
subject: Human Biology & Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is characterized by overproduction of immune mediators, but the role of interferons (IFNs) of the type I (IFN-I) or type III (IFN-III) families remains debated. We scrutinized the production of IFNs along the respiratory tract of COVID-19 patients and found that high levels of IFN-III, and to a lesser extent IFN-I, characterize the upper airways of patients with high viral burden but reduced disease risk or severity. Production of specific IFN-III, but not IFN-I, members denotes patients with a mild pathology and efficiently drives the transcription of genes that protect against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In contrast, compared to subjects with other infectious or noninfectious lung pathologies, IFNs are overrepresented in the lower airways of patients with severe COVID-19 that exhibit gene pathways associated with increased apoptosis and decreased proliferation. Our data demonstrate a dynamic production of IFNs in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients and show IFNs play opposing roles at distinct anatomical sites.
Deterministic creation of stationary entangled states by dissipation
Creators: name: Alharbi, A. F.
name: Ficek, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a practical physical system for creation of a stationary entanglement by dissipation without employing the environment engineering techniques. The system proposed is composed of two perfectly distinguishable atoms, through their significantly different transition frequencies, with only one atom addressed by an external laser field. We show that the arrangement would easily be realized in practice by trapping the atoms at the distance equal to the quarter-wavelength of a standing-wave laser field and locating one of the atoms at a node and the other at the successive antinode of the wave. The undesirable dipole-dipole interaction between the atoms, that could be large at this small distance, is adjusted to zero by a specific initial preparation of the atoms or by a specific polarization of the atomic dipole moments. Following this arrangement, we show that the dissipative relaxation can create a stationary entanglement on demand by tuning the Rabi frequency of the laser field to the difference between the atomic transition frequencies. The laser field dresses the atom and we identify that the entangled state occurs when the frequency of one of the Rabi sidebands of the driven atom tunes to frequency of the undriven atom. It is also found that this system behaves as a cascade open system where the fluorescence from the dressed atom drives the other atom with no feedback.
description: Published version
Mechanical unfolding and folding studies by optical tweezers
Creators: name: Guo, Yabin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: As a single molecule technique, optical tweezers technique proves to be a powerful tool to investigate the physical and chemical properties of DNA/RNA and protein molecules. In this thesis, optical tweezers are applied to two studies. In the first study, we directly investigated the unfolding and folding pathways and kinetics of the wild-type Top7 with optical tweezers. The existence of a folding intermediate state is confirmed. The unfolding process also occasionally shows non-cooperative behavior which has not been observed before. To identify if the mechanical stability of an isolated fragment of Top7 is responsible for the non-cooperative unfolding and folding behavior of Top7, we purified the C-fragment of Top7 and found that it reaches equilibrium at low applied forces, which indicates that Top7’s C-fragment could unfold and fold independently, but the unfolding and folding behavior of Top7 depends on the mutual assistance of both N-terminal and C-terminal residues. Illuminated by computational simulation methods, six residues were mutated aiming at improving the folding cooperativity of Top7. The results show that the folding cooperativity is improved significantly, while the unfolding intermediate appears more frequently. The possible influence of pathways on the frequency of occurrence of unfolding/folding intermediate state is discussed. In the second study, the two-step unfolding behavior of rubredoxin is revealed by optical tweezers. The reversible unfolding/folding behavior under force pressure and chemical pressure are further studied. Optical tweezers technique is proved to be well suited for mechanical unfolding/folding studies of metalloproteins.
Cosmological Parameters from Observations of Galaxy Clusters
Creators: name: Allen, Steven W.
name: Evrard, August E.
name: Mantz, Adam B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studies of galaxy clusters have proved crucial in helping to establish the standard model of cosmology, with a universe dominated by dark matter and dark energy. A theoretical basis that describes clusters as massive, multi-component, quasi-equilibrium systems is growing in its capability to interpret multi-wavelength observations of expanding scope and sensitivity. We review current cosmological results, including contributions to fundamental physics, obtained from observations of galaxy clusters. These results are consistent with and complementary to those from other methods. We highlight several areas of opportunity for the next few years, and emphasize the need for accurate modeling of survey selection and sources of systematic error. Capitalizing on these opportunities will require a multi-wavelength approach and the application of rigorous statistical frameworks, utilizing the combined strengths of observers, simulators and theorists.
description: 53 pages, 21 figures. To appear in Annual Review of Astronomy & Astrophysics
Measuring entanglement using quantum quenches
Creators: name: Cardy, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that block entanglement entropies in one-dimensional systems close to a quantum critical point can in principle be measured in terms of the population of low-lying energy levels following a certain type of local quantum quench.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. v2: references added, minor text changes
Spectrum of Dirichlet Laplacian in a conical layer
Creators: name: Exner, Pavel
name: Tater, Miloš
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81Q10, 35J05

description: We study spectral properties of Dirichlet Laplacian on the conical layer of the opening angle $π-2θ$ and thickness equal to $π$. We demonstrate that below the continuum threshold which is equal to one there is an infinite sequence of isolated eigenvalues and analyze properties of these geometrically induced bound states. By numerical computation we find examples of the eigenfunctions.
description: With some improvements and a broader range of numerical results, to appear in J. Phys. A: Math. Theor
CIRC4Life Exploitation material for Deliverable 8.3
Creators: name: Koutsokeras, Miltiadis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: JSON
Data Model
CIRC4Life

description: JSON samples for CIRC4Life project Deliverable 8.3 Report on the activities of exploitation and dissemination (publication, conference/workshop/seminars presentation, training, teaching and education). The files contain the messages of the ICT Platform API and a sample of the Eco-Account Data Model.
Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten der nicht-kanonischen Wnt-Liganden Wnt5a und Wnt11
Creators: name: Wallkamm, Veronika
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2014

description: Die nicht-kanonischen Zweige des Wnt-Signalnetzwerkes sind Regulatoren der konvergenten Extension während der Xenopus Gastrulation. Dabei übernehmen die nicht-kanonischen Wnt-Liganden Wnt5a und Wnt11 nicht-redundante Aufgaben.