cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the Star Formation Rate - Brightest Cluster Relation: Estimating the peak SFR in post-merger galaxies
Creators: name: Bastian, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We further the recent discussion on the relation between the star-formation rate (SFR) of a galaxy and the luminosity of its brightest star-cluster (SFR vs. M$_{V}^{brightest}$). We first show that the observed trend between SFR vs. M$_{V}^{brightest}$ is due to the brightest cluster in a galaxy being preferentially young (<15 Myr - for a constant SFR) and hence a good tracer of the current SFR, although we give notable exceptions to this rule. Using a series of Monte Carlo simulations we show that a pure power-law mass function with index, alpha=2, is ruled out by the current data. Instead we find that a Schechter function (i.e. a power-law with an exponential truncation at the high mass end) provides an excellent fit to the data. Additionally, these simulations show that bound cluster formation (in Msun/yr) represents only ~8+-3% of the total star-formation within a galaxy, independent of the star-formation rate. From this we conclude that there is only a single mode of cluster formation which operates over at least six orders of magnitude in the SFR. Using this relation, we can extrapolate backwards in time in order to estimate the peak SFR of major merger galaxies, such as NGC7252, NGC1316 and NGC3610. The derived SFRs for these galaxies are between a few hundred and a few thousand solar masses per year. The inferred far infrared luminosity of the galaxies, from the extrapolated SFR, places them well within the range of Ultra-luminous galaxies (ULIRGs) and for NGC 7252 within the Hyper-luminous infrared galaxy regime. Thus, we provide evidence that these post merger galaxies passed through a ULIRG/HLIRG phase and are now evolving passively. Using the current and extrapolated past SFR of NGC 34, we infer that the ULIRG phase of this galaxy has lasted for at least 150 Myr.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
NA60 results on $p_T$ spectra and the $ρ$ spectral function in In-In collisions
Creators: name: Seixas, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The NA60 experiment at the CERN SPS has studied low-mass muon pairs in 158 AGeV In-In collisions. A strong excess of pairs is observed above the yield expected from neutral meson decays. The unprecedented sample size of close to 400K events and the good mass resolution of about 2% have made it possible to isolate the excess by subtraction of the decay sources (keeping the $ρ$). The shape of the resulting mass spectrum exhibits considerable broadening, but essentially no shift in mass. The acceptance-corrected transverse-momentum spectra have a shape atypical for radial flow and show a significant mass dependence, pointing to different sources in different mass regions.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, Quark Matter 2006 conference proceedings
Are neutron stars with crystalline colour superconducting cores interesting for the LIGO experiment?
Creators: name: Haskell, B.
name: Andersson, N.
name: Jones, D. I.
name: Samuelsson, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate the maximal deformation that can be sustained by a rotating neutron star with a crystalline colour superconducting quark core. Our results suggest that current gravitational-wave data from LIGO have already reached the level where a detection would have been possible over a wide range of the poorly constrained QCD parameters. This leads to the non-trivial conclusion that compact objects \emph{do not} contain maximally strained colour crystalline cores drawn from this range of parameter space. We discuss the uncertainties associated with our simple model and how it can be improved in the future.
description: published as Physical Review Letters, vol. 99, Issue 23, id. 231101
Surface and Lifetime Studies for Unintended Deposition of Ni/Cu on Solar Cells during Contact Plating
Creators: name: Raval, M.C.
name: Joshi, A.
name: Singh Solanki, C.S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Characterization and Modelling

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1234-1237
description: Electroplated Ni-Cu based front contacts for c-Si are deposited on patterned ARC and during the
process unwanted deposition on unpatterned areas can occur which may lead to shading and possible shunt
formation. In this work, study of unintended plating on ARC is carried out by surface deposition analysis and carrier
life time studies wherein the front side of solar cells are exposed to electroless Ni bath and electroplating Cu
bath. It has been observed that for exposure to Ni bath without any pre-treatment, deposition of miscellaneous ions
present in bath occurs on the ARC which have a shading effect, but tend to recover after annealing. For samples pretreated
with 1% HF and PdCl2 based solution before Ni plating, Ni deposition was observed with change in
reflectance and passivation properties of the ARC. From QSSPC life time studies under UV illumination it was
observed that decrease in lifetime increased from 20% to 58.5% as the bath temperature increased from 70°C to
90°C. A substantial decrease of 22mV in implied Voc resulted after exposure to Ni bath at temperature of 90°C.
Dispersed copper deposits were observed for exposure to Cu bath which did not adversely impact the solar cell
properties.
Estimating Jones and HOMFLY polynomials with One Clean Qubit
Creators: name: Jordan, Stephen P.
name: Wocjan, Pawel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Jones and HOMFLY polynomials are link invariants with close connections to quantum computing. It was recently shown that finding a certain approximation to the Jones polynomial of the trace closure of a braid at the fifth root of unity is a complete problem for the one clean qubit complexity class. This is the class of problems solvable in polynomial time on a quantum computer acting on an initial state in which one qubit is pure and the rest are maximally mixed. Here we generalize this result by showing that one clean qubit computers can efficiently approximate the Jones and single-variable HOMFLY polynomials of the trace closure of a braid at any root of unity.
description: 22 pages, 11 figures, revised in response to referee comments
A Review of Third Way Consistent Theories
Creators: name: Deger, Nihat Sadik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We will give an overview of the "third way consistent" theories. Field equations of such models do not come from the variation of a local action without auxiliary fields, yet their covariant divergences still vanish on-shell. First examples were discovered in three dimensions which were pure massive gravity and Yang-Mills theories. However, recently interacting $p$-form theories with this property in arbitrary dimensions were also constructed. After explaining construction of these theories and some of their general features, we will discuss some open problems and future directions
description: This paper is written for the Festscrift prepared for Prof. Tekin Dereli; v2:minor corrections
Long Term Performance of PV Modules: System Optimization through the Application of Innovative Non-Destructive Characterization Methods
Creators: name: Voronko, Y.
name: Eder, G.
name: Weiss, M.
name: Knausz, M.
name: Oreski, G.
name: Koch, T.
name: Berger, K.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3530-3535
description: Innovative and highly sensitive analytical tools for the non-destructive detection and visualization of
defects, delamination and material incompatibilities within the multi-material laminate of a PV-module are presented.
The presence and position of physical imperfections such as delamination, voids or impurities within a module were
determined with Pulse Thermography (PT) and Scanning Acoustic Microscopy (SAM). With SAM it is also possible
to identify cracks within a wafer very accurately, as could be demonstrated in a comparative measurement with
Electroluminescence (EL) experiments. For the non-destructive identification of chemical changes in the individual
layers of a PV-module - caused by degradation, decomposition or impurities - confocal Raman microscopy has
proven to be a very powerful tool.
Limiting behavior of asteroid obliquity and spin using a semi-analytic thermal model of the YORP effect
Creators: name: Golubov, Oleksiy
name: Unukovych, Vladyslav
name: Scheeres, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Yarkovsky--O'Keefe--Radzievskii--Paddack (YORP) effect governs the spin evolution of small asteroids. The axial component of YORP, which alters the rotation rate of the asteroid, is mostly independent of its thermal inertia, while the obliquity component is very sensitive to the thermal model of the asteroid. Here we develop a semi-analytic theory for the obliquity component of YORP. We integrate an approximate thermal model over the surface of an asteroid, and find an analytic expression for the obliquity component in terms of two YORP coefficients. This approach allows us to investigate the overall evolution of asteroid rotation state, and to generalize the results previously obtained in the case of zero thermal inertia. The proposed theory also explains how a non-zero obliquity component of YORP originates even for a symmetric asteroid due to its finite thermal inertia. In many cases, this causes equatorial planes of asteroids to align with their orbital planes. The studied non-trivial behavior of YORP as a function of thermal model allows for a new kind of rotational equilibria, which can have important evolutionary consequences for asteroids.
description: Accepted to AJ
Suppression of vortex channeling in meandered YBa2Cu3O7-d grain boundaries
Creators: name: Durrell, J. H.
name: Feldmann, D. M.
name: Cantoni, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the in-plane magnetic field (H) dependence of the critical current density (Jc) in meandered and planar single grain boundaries (GBs) isolated in YBa2Cu3O7-d (YBCO) coated conductors. The Jc(H)properties of the planar GB are consistent with those previously seen in single GBs of YBCO films grown on SrTiO3 bi-crystals. In the straight boundary a characteristic flux channeling regime when H is oriented near the GB plane, associated with a reduced Jc, is seen. The meandered GB does not show vortex channeling since it is not possible for a sufficient length of vortex line to lie within it.
description: Submitted to APL
Natively Textured Surface Hydrogenated Ga-Doped ZnO (HGZO) TCO Layers for Thin Film Solar Cells
Creators: name: Chen, X.-L.
name: Wang, F.
name: Geng, X.H.
name: Wei, C.C.
name: Zhang, D.K.
name: Hou, G.-F.
name: Wang, G.-C.
name: Huang, Q.
name: Zhao, Y.
name: Zhang, X.D.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2140-2142
description: The main purposes are to obtain natively textured surface ZnO-based transparent conductive oxide
(TCO) layers for thin film solar cells. Natively textured surface hydrogenated Ga-doped ZnO (HGZO) thin films have
been directly deposited without any surface treatment on glass substrates via pulsed direct-current (DC) magnetron
sputtering at the substrate temperature of 573 K. The influences of W-doped In2O3 (IWO) buffer layers on the
microstructure, electrical and optical performances of HGZO thin films have been investigated. The experiments
indicate that the IWO buffer layer can effectively improve the surface roughness of HGZO thin films and enhance the
light scattering ability of HGZO thin films. The haze values at 550 nm wavelength increases from 7.05% of HGZO
thin film to 18.37% of IWO/HGZO thin film. Through the optimization of process conditions, the IWO/HGZO thin
film with 10 nm-IWO buffer layer exhibits high optical transmittance of ~82.18% in the visible and near infra-red
region (~400-1100 nm), excellent electrical properties with a relative low sheet resistance of ~3.6Ω/ and as a high
haze value of 18.37% at the wavelength of 550 nm. Such an in situ texturing method for sputtered ZnO-TCO thin
films has advantages of efficiently reducing production costs and dramatically saving time in photovoltaic (PV)
industrial processing.
Spotless days and geomagnetic index as the predictors of solar cycle 25
Creators: name: Burud, Dipali S.
name: Jain, Rajmal
name: Awasthi, Arun K.
name: Chaudhari, Sneha
name: Tripathy, Sushanta C.
name: Gopalswamy, N.
name: Chamadia, Pramod
name: Kaushik, Subhash C.
name: Vhatkar, Rajiv
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the sunspot activity in relation to spotless days (SLDs) during the descending phase of solar cycle $11$--$24$ to predict the amplitude of sunspot cycle $25$. For this purpose, in addition to SLD, we also use the geomagnetic activity (aa index) during the descending phase of a given cycle. A very strong correlation of the SLD (R=$0.68$) and aa index (R=$0.86$) during the descending phase of a given cycle with the maximum amplitude of next solar cycle has been estimated.The empirical relationship led us to deduce the amplitude of cycle $25$ to be 99.13$\pm$ 14.97 and 104.23$\pm$ 17.35 using SLD and aa index, respectively as predictors.Both the predictors provide comparable amplitude for solar cycle $25$ and reveal that the solar cycle $25$ will be weaker than cycle $24$. Further we derive that the maximum of cycle $25$ is likely to occur between February and March 2024. While the aa index has been used extensively in the past, this work establishes SLDs as another potential candidate for predicting the characteristics of the next cycle.
Magnetic and electric properties of double-perovskites and estimation of their Curie temperatures by ab initio calculations
Creators: name: Mandal, T. K.
name: Felser, C.
name: Greenblatt, M.
name: Kubler, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First principles electronic structure calculations have been carried out on ordered double perovskites Sr_2B'B"O_6 (for B' = Cr or Fe and B" 4d and 5d transition metal elements) with increasing number of valence electrons at the B-sites, and on Ba_2MnReO_6 as well as Ba_2FeMoO_6. The Curie temperatures are estimated ab initio from the electronic structures obtained with the local spin-density functional approximation, full-potential generalized gradient approximation and/or the LDA+U method (U - Hubbard parameter). Frozen spin-spirals are used to model the excited states needed to evaluate the spherical approximation for the Curie temperatures. In cases, where the induced moments on the oxygen was found to be large, the determination of the Curie temperature is improved by additional exchange functions between the oxygen atoms and between oxygen and B' and B" atoms. A pronounced systematics can be found among the experimental and/or calculated Curie temperatures and the total valence electrons of the transition metal elements.
description: 8 pages, 11 figures. Submitted to the Physical Review B
Accurate Power Measurements of High Capacitance PV Modules with Short Pulse Simulators in a Single Flash
Creators: name: Monokroussos, C.
name: Etienne, D.
name: Morita, K.
name: Dreier, C.
name: Therhaag, U.
name: Herrmann, W.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
Standardisation

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3687-3692
description: A method for measuring accurately and rapidly the current-voltage characteristics of high-capacitance
photovoltaic devices using pulsed sunlight simulators is detailed. The data acquisition is performed in a single light
flash, whose duration can be as short as milliseconds. The innovation of the method is that it introduces the time as an
independent variable in the IV measurement. The method allows sufficient time for every individual IV data point to
relax from capacitive effects, while employing efficient time management to the applied measurement load to achieve
full IV tracking in a single flash of light. The resulting IV characteristics are the same as would be measured under
steady-state illumination conditions and thus, provide an accurate estimation of the actual performance of the solar
cell or module under artificial sunlight. The method, which is called Dynamic IV (t-IV), was validated in an
experiment, which examined three different types of commercially available high-capacitance PV modules. The
results of the Dynamic IV were compared against steady-state IV measurements of each module showing agreement
with deviations largely overlapping within the limits of the measurement repeatability and not exceeding 0.2% on
maximum power output.
Inverse design of 3d molecular structures with conditional generative neural networks
Creators: name: Gebauer, Niklas W. A.
name: Gastegger, Michael
name: Hessmann, Stefaan S. P.
name: Müller, Klaus-Robert
name: Schütt, Kristof T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rational design of molecules with desired properties is a long-standing challenge in chemistry. Generative neural networks have emerged as a powerful approach to sample novel molecules from a learned distribution. Here, we propose a conditional generative neural network for 3d molecular structures with specified chemical and structural properties. This approach is agnostic to chemical bonding and enables targeted sampling of novel molecules from conditional distributions, even in domains where reference calculations are sparse. We demonstrate the utility of our method for inverse design by generating molecules with specified motifs or composition, discovering particularly stable molecules, and jointly targeting multiple electronic properties beyond the training regime.
Small Signal Analysis and Gain Scheduling Control of a Photovoltaic DC/DC Converter
Creators: name: Nanou, S.
name: Papathanassiou, S.
name: Vokas, G.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
Balance of System Components

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3579-3583
description: In this paper, the dynamics of a grid connected photovoltaic energy conversion system, comprising a
PV generator and a DC/DC converter are investigated. The analysis is performed both in the frequency and time
domains, using a suitable linearized model, as well as the full non-linear electrical model of the system. The objective
is to determine the main factors affecting the system dynamic behavior and to illustrate the effect of the controller
settings on the expected performance. A comparative assessment of gain scheduling strategies for the main controller
is also included, using classic control theory techniques.
title: Rapport de voyage, Chantilly (1922) : Ligne de l'Indochine, 1939, voyage n°7
Creators: name: Belval, Max
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Compagnie des Messageries Maritimes
subject: Transports maritimes - Histoire
subject: Marine marchande
subject: Journaux de bord

description: Chapitrage : Rapport du commandant - Rapport de mer
description: Source: French Lines & Compagnies, 1997 002 3993-12
description: Coverage: 1939-04-19/1939-07-03
Time-reversal symmetry breaking in Re-based superconductors: Recent developments
Creators: name: Shang, T.
name: Shiroka, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the recent search for unconventional- and topological superconductivity, noncentrosymmetric superconductors (NCSCs) rank among the most promising candidate materials. Surprisingly, some of them -- especially those containing rhenium -- seem to exhibit also time-reversal symmetry (TRS) breaking in their superconducting state, while TRS is preserved in many other isostructural NCSCs. To date, a satisfactory explanation for such discrepant behavior, albeit crucial for understanding the unconventional superconductivity of these materials, is still missing. Here we review the most recent developments regarding the Re-based class, where the muon-spin relaxation ($μ$SR) technique plays a key role due to its high sensitivity to the weak internal fields associated with the TRS breaking phenomenon. We discuss different cases of Re-containing superconductors, comprising both centrosymmetric- and noncentrosymmetric crystal structures and ranging from pure rhenium, to Re$T$ ($T$ = 3$d$-5$d$ early transition metals), to the dilute-Re case of ReBe$_{22}$. $μ$SR results suggest that the rhenium presence and its amount are two key factors for the appearance and the extent of TRS breaking in Re-based superconductors. Besides summarizing the existing findings, we also put forward future research ideas regarding the exciting field of materials showing TRS breaking.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Microwave response in a topological superconducting quantum interference device
Creators: name: Pan, Wei
name: Soh, Daniel
name: Yu, Wenlong
name: Davids, Paul
name: Nenoff, Tina M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photon detection at microwave frequency is of great interest due to its application in quantum computation information science and technology. Herein are results from studying microwave response in a topological superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) realized in Dirac semimetal Cd3As2. The temperature dependence and microwave power dependence of the SQUID junction resistance are studied, from which we obtain an effective temperature at each microwave power level. It is observed the effective temperature increases with the microwave power. This observation of microwave response may pave the way for single photon detection at the microwave frequency in topological quantum materials.
Anomalies in the dynamics of ferrimagnets near the angular momentum compensation point
Creators: name: Zvezdin, A. K.
name: Gareeva, Z. V.
name: Zvezdin, K. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we elaborate analytical theory of domain wall dynamics close to the angular momentum compensation point based on non-linear dynamic equations derived from the effective Lagrangian of a ferrimagnet. Analysis of the precession angle and domain wall velocity oscillations in post Walker regime in a ferrimagnet is performed. In the framework of the proposed model, we explore dynamic processes in the Walker and post Walker regimes. We show that although spin oscillations quench the dynamics of domain walls near the Walker breakdown field, a further increase of the driving magnetic field increases domain wall speed and mobility. An anomalous behavior of domain wall dynamic properties near the angular momentum compensation point in ferrimagnets is discussed.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
Efficient ab initio calculations of bound and continuum excitons
Creators: name: Sottile, Francesco
name: Marsili, Marherita
name: Olevano, Valerio
name: Reining, Lucia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present calculations of the absorption spectrum of semiconductors and insulators comparing various approaches: (i) the two-particle Bethe-Salpeter equation of Many-Body Perturbation Theory; (ii) time-dependent density-functional theory using a recently developed kernel that was derived from the Bethe-Salpeter equation; (iii) a scheme that we propose in the present work and that allows one to derive different parameter-free approximations to (ii). We show that all methods reproduce the series of bound excitons in the gap of solid argon, as well as continuum excitons in semiconductors. This is even true for the simplest static approximation, which allows us to reformulate the equations in a way such that the scaling of the calculations with number of atoms equals the one of the Random Phase Approximation.
On the Security of the Ping-Pong Protocol
Creators: name: Bostroem, Kim
name: Felbinger, Timo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We briefly review the security of the ping-pong protocol in light of several attack scenarios suggested by various authors since the proposal of the protocol. We refute one recent attack on an ideal quantum channel, and show that a recent claim of falseness of our original security proof is erroneous.
HIN-RNN: A Graph Representation Learning Neural Network for Fraudster Group Detection With No Handcrafted Features
Creators: name: Shehnepoor, Saeedreza
name: Togneri, Roberto
name: Liu, Wei
name: Bennamoun, Mohammed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Social reviews are indispensable resources for modern consumers' decision making. For financial gain, companies pay fraudsters preferably in groups to demote or promote products and services since consumers are more likely to be misled by a large number of similar reviews from groups. Recent approaches on fraudster group detection employed handcrafted features of group behaviors without considering the semantic relation between reviews from the reviewers in a group. In this paper, we propose the first neural approach, HIN-RNN, a Heterogeneous Information Network (HIN) Compatible RNN for fraudster group detection that requires no handcrafted features. HIN-RNN provides a unifying architecture for representation learning of each reviewer, with the initial vector as the sum of word embeddings of all review text written by the same reviewer, concatenated by the ratio of negative reviews. Given a co-review network representing reviewers who have reviewed the same items with the same ratings and the reviewers' vector representation, a collaboration matrix is acquired through HIN-RNN training. The proposed approach is confirmed to be effective with marked improvement over state-of-the-art approaches on both the Yelp (22% and 12% in terms of recall and F1-value, respectively) and Amazon (4% and 2% in terms of recall and F1-value, respectively) datasets.
Capacity Definitions for General Channels with Receiver Side Information
Creators: name: Effros, Michelle
name: Goldsmith, Andrea
name: Liang, Yifan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider three capacity definitions for general channels with channel side information at the receiver, where the channel is modeled as a sequence of finite dimensional conditional distributions not necessarily stationary, ergodic, or information stable. The {\em Shannon capacity} is the highest rate asymptotically achievable with arbitrarily small error probability. The {\em capacity versus outage} is the highest rate asymptotically achievable with a given probability of decoder-recognized outage. The {\em expected capacity} is the highest average rate asymptotically achievable with a single encoder and multiple decoders, where the channel side information determines the decoder in use. As a special case of channel codes for expected rate, the code for capacity versus outage has two decoders: one operates in the non-outage states and decodes all transmitted information, and the other operates in the outage states and decodes nothing. Expected capacity equals Shannon capacity for channels governed by a stationary ergodic random process but is typically greater for general channels. These alternative capacity definitions essentially relax the constraint that all transmitted information must be decoded at the receiver. We derive capacity theorems for these capacity definitions through information density. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate their connections and differences. We also discuss the implication of these alternative capacity definitions for end-to-end distortion, source-channel coding and separation.
description: Submitted to IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, April 2008
On the Low-lying zeros of Hasse-Weil L-functions for Elliptic Curves
Creators: name: Baier, Stephan
name: Zhao, Liangyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11M06, 11M26, 11M41, 11F30, 11G05, 11G40, 11L20, 11L40

description: In this paper, we obtain an unconditional density theorem concerning the low-lying zeros of Hasse-Weil L-functions for a family of elliptic curves. From this together with the Riemann hypothesis for these L-functions, we infer the majorant of 27/14 (which is strictly less than 2) for the average rank of the elliptic curves in the family under consideration. This upper bound for the average rank enables us to deduce that, under the same assumption, a positive proportion of elliptic curves have algebraic ranks equaling their analytic ranks and finite Tate-Shafarevic group. Statements of this flavor were known previously under the additional assumptions of GRH for Dirichlet L-functions and symmetric square L-functions which are removed in the present paper.
description: 23 pages. The majorant of the average analytic rank of all elliptic curves have been improved to 27/14 instead of the 241/122 in the previous version of the paper. To appear in Adv. Math
Spatial Periodicity of Galaxy Number Counts, CMB Anisotropy, and SNIa Hubble Diagram Based on the Universe Accompanied by a Non-Minimally Coupled Scalar Field
Creators: name: Hirano, Koichi
name: Kawabata, Kiyoshi
name: Komiya, Zen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have succeeded in establishing a cosmological model with a non-minimally coupled scalar field $ϕ$ that can account not only for the spatial periodicity or the {\it picket-fence structure} exhibited by the galaxy $N$-$z$ relation of the 2dF survey but also for the spatial power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB) temperature anisotropy observed by the WMAP satellite. The Hubble diagram of our model also compares well with the observation of Type Ia supernovae. The scalar field of our model universe starts from an extremely small value at around the nucleosynthesis epoch, remains in that state for sufficiently long periods, allowing sufficient time for the CMB temperature anisotropy to form, and then starts to grow in magnitude at the redshift $z$ of $\sim 1$, followed by a damping oscillation which is required to reproduce the observed picket-fence structure of the $N$-$z$ relation. To realize such behavior of the scalar field, we have found it necessary to introduce a new form of potential $V(ϕ)\propto ϕ^2\exp(-qϕ^2)$, with $q$ being a constant. Through this parameter $q$, we can control the epoch at which the scalar field starts growing.
description: 19 pages, 18 figures, Accepted for publication in Astrophysics & Space Science
PV Status and Perspectives in Italy
Creators: name: Castello, S.
name: De Lillo, A.
name: De Lia, F.
name: Guastella, S.
name: Paletta, F.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: PV - a Major Electricity Source
PV Globalisation, Policies and Administrative Barriers

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 4444-4448
description: The installations of PV plants in Italy have recorded 9,3 GWp during the 2011 and 2,7 GWp
in the first 9 months of 2012. As consequence, the cumulative and in operation PV plants reached 15,5 GW
at 21 September 2012. Then, Italian PV electricity production can now provide 20 TWh/year, which means
about 6% of the national electricity consumption.
The national market stimulation initiative in operation in Italy, the “Conto Energia” Programme, since its
first phase (started in 2005) has successfully supported the Italian PV market. Furthermore the last year has
been characterized by a series of institutional measures that introduced tariff reduction and, above all,
uncertainty and discontinuity for the entire market. Moreover, the annual cost for the incentive tariff is
quickly approaching the limit of 6,700 M fixed by the fifth phase of the “Conto Energia” programme. As a
consequence, the expected power which could be installed during 2012 is about 3 GWp.
From the technical point of view the main barrier to the diffusion of PV plants is represented by the electric
grid that becomes to be not adequate in some regions of south Italy, where the installed power of wind
turbines and photovoltaic power stations is almost the same order of magnitude of peak load.
Virtual Hadronic and Heavy-Fermion O(alpha^2) Corrections to Bhabha Scattering
Creators: name: Actis, Stefano
name: Czakon, Michal
name: Gluza, Janusz
name: Riemann, Tord
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Effects of vacuum polarization by hadronic and heavy-fermion insertions were the last unknown two-loop QED corrections to high-energy Bhabha scattering and have been first announced in \cite{Actis:2007fs}. Here we describe the corrections in detail and explore their numerical influence. The hadronic contributions to the virtual O(alpha^2) QED corrections to the Bhabha-scattering cross-section are evaluated using dispersion relations and computing the convolution of hadronic data with perturbatively calculated kernel functions. The technique of dispersion integrals is also employed to derive the virtual O(alpha^2) corrections generated by muon-, tau- and top-quark loops in the small electron-mass limit for arbitrary values of the internal-fermion masses. At a meson factory with 1 GeV center-of-mass energy the complete effect of hadronic and heavy-fermion corrections amounts to less than 0.5 per mille and reaches, at 10 GeV, up to about 2 per mille. At the Z resonance it amounts to 2.3 per mille at 3 degrees; overall, hadronic corrections are less than 4 per mille. For ILC energies (500 GeV or above), the combined effect of hadrons and heavy-fermions becomes 6 per mille at 3 degrees; hadrons contribute less than 20 per mille in the whole angular region.
description: 38 pages, LaTeX, 21 figures
Mathematical Modelling of the Electronic Contact Mechanism in Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaic Cells
Creators: name: Black, J.
name: Breward, C.W.
name: Fuge, G.
name: Howell, P.
name: Young, R.J.S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Characterization and Modelling

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1238-1241
description: Currently, to attain low contact resistance between the front side silver electrode and silicon emitter in
a silicon photovoltaic cell, the emitter must be highly doped at the surface. This is undesirable because a high level of
doping leads to an increased amount of electron-hole recombination at the front surface, resulting in low short circuit
current and open circuit voltage. An enhanced understanding of the local contact mechanisms will aid development
of silver pastes that achieve low contact resistance to standard and lightly doped emitters and consequently enable the
production of higher efficiency solar cells. In this paper we investigate the electronic contact process between the
emitter and the metal electrode. It is known that a thin interfacial glass layer between the bulk silicon and silver
electrode plays a limiting role in electron transport across the boundary. We present a mathematical model, based on
drift-diffusion equations, for electron transport across the glass layer. Furthermore, we show how the contact
resistance varies with the thickness of the glass layer and with the current density.
Anderson localization and topological phase transitions in non-Hermitian Aubry-André-Harper models with p-wave pairing
Creators: name: Cai, Xiaoming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study non-Hermitian Aubry-André-Harper models with p-wave pairing, where the non-Hermiticity is introduced by on-site complex quasiperiodic potentials. By analysing the $\mathcal{PT}$ symmetry breaking, winding numbers of energy spectra, localization and fractal dimensions of states, and fate of Majorana fermions, a complete phase diagram on Anderson localization and topological phase transitions is obtained. In particular, the non-Hermitian topological nature of Anderson localization phase transitions from extended to critical and then to localized phases is identified, using both analytical and numerical methods. In the critical phase the complex spectrum is topological nontrivial with a fractional winding number. In the localized phase the analytical localization length of states can apply to the Hermitian case, which is absent so far. Both the non-Hermiticity and disorder are detrimental to Majorana fermions.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Control of a PV Generator to Maintain Active Power Reserves during Operation
Creators: name: Nanou, S.
name: Papakonstantinou, A.
name: Papathanassiou, S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: PV Systems
Large PV Power Plants and Distributed PV: System Aspects and Grid Connection

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 4059-4063
description: Present day grid codes require frequency response from distributed generation stations, including PV plants. Provision of under-frequency response requires in turn that a power reserve margin is maintained which can be called upon when grid frequency conditions impose such a need. This paper presents a control strategy of a PV generator in order to achieve operation at a specified power reserve. The proposed control scheme includes a novel estimation strategy of the maximum available power. Time domain simulations are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed PV controller under different operating conditions.
A Novel Lighter Weight Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaic Module Using Acrylic Film as a Cover Sheet
Creators: name: Kajisa, T.
name: Mizuhara, K.
name: Miyauchi, H.
name: Hayashi, K.
name: Tokimitsu, T.
name: Masuda, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2981-2984
description: Acrylic films have been widely used as exterior material like signboard, because of its higher
weatherability. In the present study, lighter weight multi-crystalline silicon photovoltaic (PV) module was investigated by
substitution acrylic film (0.125 mm thickness) for standard glass (3.2 mm thickness) as a cover sheet.
Because of mismatch in coefficients of thermal expansion between layers, cells in plastic PV module were subjected
to stresses with temperature changes. Thus, the constitution of module was determined as 0.125 mm thickness of acrylic
film as a cover sheet, EVA(0.45 mm thickness) as an encapsulant, and 1.6 mm thickness of glass/epoxy resin sheet as a
backsheet using stress simulation to a cell.
4 cells (2 strings x 2 column, 6 inches multi-crystalline silicon cells) PV mini modules were fabricated with the
composition above and tested about long-term reliability against thermal changes and humidity (TC50 & HF10, TC200,
and DH1000), which were based on IEC 61730-2 standard. In the results, it was revealed that all of the reliable tests were
fulfilled by standards of both the module appearance after tests and electrical properties. Moreover, in the impact
resistance test, the PV module using acrylic film cover sheet passed through with the module appearance and electrical
properties, even though the cover sheet was thinner and higher elasticity. It is suggested that a cell in acrylic film PV
module was subjected to lower stress because the mode of stress was compressive and a cell located near and above
neutral axis, when PV module was defined as a multi layered product from the different elastic modulus and coefficient
of thermal expansion materials.
From these results, it is possible for the acrylic film PV module to be used in the immediate future.
Regional Characteristics of the Simulated Insolation by the Japan Meteorological Agency Meso-Scale Numerical Model for the Forecast of the Photovoltaic Power Production
Creators: name: Ohtake, H.
name: Shimose, K.-I.
name: Fonseca Jr., J.G.S.
name: Takashima, T.
name: Oozeki, T.
name: Yamada, Y.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: PV Systems
Large PV Power Plants and Distributed PV: System Aspects and Grid Connection

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 4107-4111
description: In order to forecast a photovoltaic (PV) power production for one-day ahead using an engineering model, it is necessary
to investigate how the forecasted insolation (i.e., global horizontal irradiance (GHI)) by the operational meteorological
meso-scale numerical (physical) model (MSM) in Japan has forecast errors compared with the surface
observed GHI. In this study, regional characteristics of the GHI by the MSM in Japan were investigated by using the
surface observed GHI datasets measured by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA). Correlation coefficients between
the forecasted and the observed daily GHI values in each season are dependent on the locations. Forecast errors
of the GHI by the MSM in summer (rainy seasons, June through August; JJA) are relatively larger than in winter
(December through February; DJF). In particular, underestimations of the GHI by the MSM in summer (JJA) are
significant in the south part of Japan including the Nansei (Southwest) Islands. The forecasted GHI by the MSM in
the south part of Japan (relatively lower latitude (sub-tropical) region) tends to be difficult than those in other Japan
islands. This means that the cloud (microphysical) and/or radiation processes of the MSM associated with the accurate
forecast of the GHI or the PV power production should be improved for reducing forecast errors in summer.
20.2% Efficiency with a-Si:H/c-Si Heterojunction Solar Cells on Mono-Like Substrates
Creators: name: Jay, F.
name: Muñoz, D.
name: Enjalbert, N.
name: D'Alonzo, G.
name: Stendera, J.
name: Dubois, S.
name: Ponthenier, D.
name: Jouini, A.
name: Ribeyron, P.J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 652-654
description: In this work, we present our first results of heterojunction solar cells fabricated on monocrystalline-like
n-type substrates. The mono-like ingot was produced using a combination of quartz rod dipping and a modulated
conductive heat extraction system, made in-house, in a directional solidification system. First, we evaluated the
material quality with symmetrical SiNx layers deposited on different textured samples from different ingots and
ingots height. Then, we performed an external gettering treatment to improve the bulk quality of the wafers to attain
higher bulk lifetime permitting higher open-circuit voltages typical of heterojunction devices. Finally, we fabricated
148cm² HET solar cells using the so-called industrial compatible process on n-type 170μm wafers. We achieved
efficiencies higher than 19% on complete wafers. Optimized 100cm2 cells without edge damaging showed record
efficiencies over 20%.
Evaluation of the Phosphorus Diffusion Profile with Novel One-Step Diffusion Process
Creators: name: Lin, M.L.
name: Wang, B.W.
name: Chen, C.W.
name: Tsai, P.-H.
name: Lin, K.C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1835-1837
description: In order to investigate and figure out the most promising phosphorus diffusion profile, two different
approaches have been employed. The first one is based on previously reported 3-step process, in which another drivein
step is performed after PSG removal. This method could effectively reduce the surface electrically inactive
phosphorus and thus greatly improve Voc. However, the requirement of an extra process step, which causes narrower
process window, might restrict the feasibility of mass production. Therefore, it inspires us to find out other
replaceable methods to get the similar diffusion profiles as 3-step process. This newly developed novel one-step
diffusion process can nearly meet the desired profiles without the requirement of an extra process step. Whichever
method is applied, reduction of surface phosphorus concentration and deeper junction depth both contribute to an
improvement of Voc. Therefore, it seems that shallow and abrupt diffusion profile might not be the optimal condition.
Besides, with this novel one-step diffusion process, the plateau region of phosphorus profile can be tailored while the
tail region is kept unchanged. So, the optimal surface phosphorus concentration, which has the least losses of
minority carrier recombination and contact resistance, can be achieved.