cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Discovery of extended VHE gamma-ray emission from the asymmetric pulsar wind nebula in MSH 15-52 with H.E.S.S
Creators: name: Collaboration, H. E. S. S.
name: :
name: Aharonian, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Supernova Remnant MSH 15-52 has been observed in very high energy (VHE) gamma-rays using the H.E.S.S. 4-telescope array located in Namibia. A gamma-ray signal is detected at the 25 sigma level during an exposure of 22.1 hours live time. The image reveals an elliptically shaped emission region around the pulsar PSR B1509-58, with semi-major axis 6' in the NW-SE direction and semi-minor axis 2' approximately. This morphology coincides with the diffuse pulsar wind nebula as observed at X-ray energies by ROSAT. The overall energy spectrum from 280 GeV up to 40 TeV can be fitted by a power law with photon index Gamma = 2.27 +/- 0.03(stat.) +/- 0.20(syst.). The detected emission can be plausibly explained by inverse Compton scattering of accelerated relativistic electrons with soft photons.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted by A&A letters
Eigenvalues of the Liouvillians of Quantum Master Equation for a Harmonic Oscillator
Creators: name: Tay, B. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The eigenvalues of the Liouvillians of Markovian master equation for a harmonic oscillator have a generic form. The Liouvillians considered are quadratic in the position coordinates or creation and annihilation operators, as well as having positive renormalized frequencies. We prove this by showing that a generic Liouvillian of this form can be similarly related to the Liouvillian of the Kossakowski--Lindblad equation, whose eigenvalues are already known. The left and right eigenfunctions of the generic Liouvillian also form a complete and biorthogonal set. Examples of similarly related right eigenfunctions are given.
description: To appear in Physica A
Giant Tunable Mechanical Nonlinearity in Graphene–Silicon Nitride Hybrid Resonator
Creators: name: Singh, Rajan
name: Sarkar, Arnab
name: Guria, Chitres
name: Nicholl, Ryan J. T.
name: Chakraborty, Sagar
name: Bolotin, Kirill
name: Ghosh, Saikat
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mechanical Nonlinerity
subject: Frequency Comb
subject: Graphene
subject: Silicon Nitride
subject: NEMS
subject: Hybrid Resonators
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::539 Moderne Physik

description: High quality factor mechanical resonators have shown great promise in the development of classical and quantum technologies. Simultaneously, progress has been made in developing controlled mechanical nonlinearity. Here, we combine these two directions of progress in a single platform consisting of coupled silicon nitride (SiNx) and graphene mechanical resonators. We show that nonlinear response can be induced on a large area SiNx resonator mode and can be efficiently controlled by coupling it to a gate-tunable, freely suspended graphene mode. The induced nonlinear response of the hybrid modes, as measured on the SiNx resonator surface is giant, with one of the highest measured Duffing constants. We observe a novel phononic frequency comb which we use as an alternate validation of the measured values, along with numerical simulations which are in overall agreement with the measurements.
THE FAST METHOD: ESTIMATING UNCONDITIONAL DEMAND ELASTICITIES FOR PROCESSED FOOD IN THE PRESENCE OF FIXED EFFECTS
Creators: name: Bergtold, Jason S.
name: Akobundu, Eberechukwu
name: Peterson, Everett B.
name: Bergtold, Jason S.
name: Akobundu, Eberechukwu
name: Peterson, Everett B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: This study estimated a set of unconditional own-price and expenditure elasticities for 49 processed food categories using scanner data and the FAST multistage demand system. Overall, our estimated own-price and expenditure elasticities are generally much larger, in absolute terms, than previous estimates. The use of disaggregated product groupings and the estimation of unconditional elasticities accounts for these higher estimates. Over half of the own-price elasticities are larger, on an absolute basis, than 0.9. Providing more disaggregate product level demand elasticities could aid in the economic analysis of issues relating to industry competitiveness or the impact of public policy.
SUSY Phenomenology of KKLT Flux Compactifications
Creators: name: Falkowski, Adam
name: Lebedev, Oleg
name: Mambrini, Yann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study SUSY phenomenology of the KKLT (Kachru-Kallosh-Linde-Trivedi) scenario of string theory compactifications with fluxes. This setup leads to a specific pattern of soft masses and distinct phenomenological properties. In particular, it avoids the cosmological gravitino/moduli problems. Remarkably, the model allows for the correct abundance of SUSY dark matter consistently with all experimental constraints including the bound on the Higgs mass, b-->s gamma, etc. This occurs for both small and large tan beta, and requires the SUSY spectrum above 1 TeV.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures; v2: erratum attached
Intrinsic and Extrinsic Defect-Related Excitons in TMDCs
Creators: name: Greben, Kyrylo
name: Arora, Sonakshi
name: Harats, Moshe Gedalia
name: Bolotin, Kirill
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs)
subject: two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors
subject: low-temperature photoluminescence
subject: defect-bound excitons
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::539 Moderne Physik

description: We investigate the excitonic peak associated with defects and disorder in low-temperature photoluminescence of monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs). To uncover the intrinsic origin of defect-related (D) excitons, we study their dependence on gate voltage, excitation power, and temperature in a prototypical TMDC monolayer MoS2. Our results suggest that D excitons are neutral excitons bound to ionized donor levels, likely related to sulfur vacancies, with a density of 7 × 1011 cm–2. To study the extrinsic contribution to D excitons, we controllably deposit oxygen molecules in situ onto the surface of MoS2 kept at cryogenic temperature. We find that, in addition to trivial p-doping of 3 × 1012 cm–2, oxygen affects the D excitons, likely by functionalizing the defect sites. Combined, our results uncover the origin of D excitons, suggest an approach to track the functionalization of TMDCs, to benchmark device quality, and pave the way toward exciton engineering in hybrid organic–inorganic TMDC devices.
A nonexistence result for CMC surfaces in hyperbolic 3-manifolds
Creators: name: Meeks, William H.
name: Ramos, Alvaro K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 53A10, Secondary 49Q05, 53C42

description: We prove that a complete hyperbolic 3-manifold of finite volume does not admit a properly embedded noncompact surface of finite topology with constant mean curvature greater than or equal to 1.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
ENGAGING STUDENTS IN RESEARCH: THE USE OF STRUCTURED PROFESSIONAL DIALOGUE
Creators: name: Garcia, Philip
name: Nelson, Carl H.
name: Garcia, Philip
name: Nelson, Carl H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: Graduate students frequently have difficulty defining, developing, and resolving research problems in a manner consistent with the agricultural economics community. Here, we report on a seminar designed to assist graduate students integrate subject matter courses into independent research proposals through participation in professional dialogue. Professional dialogue involves developing arguments to explain and resolve questions where the explanations are supported by warranted evidence and appropriately qualified. The premise of the seminar is that more active problem solvers are developed using professional dialogue to sharpen critical thinking and writing skills.
CHEMICAL AND FERTILIZER APPLICATIONS IN RESPONSE TO CROP INSURANCE: EVIDENCE FROM CENSUS MICRO DATA
Creators: name: Roberts, Michael J.
name: O'Donoghue, Erik J.
name: Key, Nigel D.
name: Roberts, Michael J.
name: O'Donoghue, Erik J.
name: Key, Nigel D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Risk and Uncertainty

description: This paper presents preliminary evidence on the effect of crop insurance on fertilizer and chemical inputs in agriculture. Our estimates are based on two sources of identification that emerge from a policy change concerning insurance subsidies that approximately doubled total premiums and the share of acres insured. First, we compare per-acre applications on these inputs from the same farms before and after the policy change. Second, we compare farm-level changes in input applications to differential changes in coverage growth induced by the policy change. We are able to make this second comparison because farms in some regions were more heavily insured than others before the policy change so they were not required to increase coverage in order to obtain the subsidy. Thus, the policy change caused some farms to increase coverage more than others. We find that the insurance subsidies induced modest reductions in fertilizer and chemical applications on tobacco and cotton crops and a modest increase in chemical applications on corn.
Thermal Conductivity, Thermopower, and Figure of Merit of La_{1-x}Sr_xCoO_3
Creators: name: Berggold, K.
name: Kriener, M.
name: Zobel, C.
name: Reichl, A.
name: Freimuth, A.
name: Lorenz, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the thermal conductivity k and the thermopower S of single crystals of La_{1-x}Sr_xCoO_3 with 0<= x <= 0.3. For all Sr concentrations La_{1-x}Sr_xCoO_3 has rather low k values, whereas S strongly changes as a function of x. We discuss the influence of the temperature- and the doping-induced spin-state transitions of the Co ions on both, S and k. From S, k, and the electrical resistivity rho we derive the thermoelectric figure of merit Z=S^2/(k*rho). For intermediate Sr concentrations we find notably large values of Z indicating that Co-based materials could be promising candidates for thermoelectric cooling.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures included, submitted to Phys. Rev. B
Thermal fluctuations of vortex clusters in quasi-two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Pogosov, W. V.
name: Machida, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the thermal fluctuations of vortex positions in small vortex clusters in a harmonically trapped rotating Bose-Einstein condensate. It is shown that the order-disorder transition of two-shells clusters occurs via the decoupling of shells with respect to each other. The corresponding "melting" temperature depends stronly on the commensurability between numbers of vortices in shells. We show that "melting" can be achieved at experimentally attainable parameters and very low temperatures. Also studied is the effect of thermal fluctuations on vortices in an anisotropic trap with small quadrupole deformation. We show that thermal fluctuations lead to the decoupling of a vortex cluster from the pinning potential produced by this deformation. The decoupling temperatures are estimated and strong commensurability effects are revealed.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures; final version, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. A
Allicin, the Odor of Freshly Crushed Garlic: A Review of Recent Progress in Understanding Allicin’s Effects on Cells
Creators: name: Borlinghaus, Jan
name: Foerster (Née Reiter), Jana
name: Kappler, Ulrike
name: Antelmann, Haike
name: Noll, Ulrike
name: Gruhlke, Martin C. H.
name: Slusarenko, Alan J.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: TRPA1
subject: Yap1
subject: Keap1-Nrf2
subject: DNA gyrase
subject: glutathione
subject: glutathione reductase
subject: lung pathogens
subject: Haemophilus influenzae
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: The volatile organic sulfur compound allicin (diallyl thiosulfinate) is produced as a defense substance when garlic (Allium sativum) tissues are damaged, for example by the activities of pathogens or pests. Allicin gives crushed garlic its characteristic odor, is membrane permeable and readily taken up by exposed cells. It is a reactive thiol-trapping sulfur compound that S-thioallylates accessible cysteine residues in proteins and low molecular weight thiols including the cellular redox buffer glutathione (GSH) in eukaryotes and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as bacillithiol (BSH) in Gram-positive firmicutes. Allicin shows dose-dependent antimicrobial activity. At higher doses in eukaryotes allicin can induce apoptosis or necrosis, whereas lower, biocompatible amounts can modulate the activity of redox-sensitive proteins and affect cellular signaling. This review summarizes our current knowledge of how bacterial and eukaryotic cells are specifically affected by, and respond to, allicin.
Systematic investigation of the effect of 56Ni mixing in the early photospheric velocity evolution of stripped-envelope supernovae
Creators: name: Moriya, Takashi J.
name: Suzuki, Akihiro
name: Takiwaki, Tomoya
name: Pan, Yen-Chen
name: Blinnikov, Sergei I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mixing of 56Ni, whose nuclear decay energy is a major luminosity source in stripped-envelope supernovae, is known to affect the observational properties of stripped-envelope supernovae such as light-curve and color evolution. Here we systematically investigate the effect of 56Ni mixing on the photospheric velocity evolution in stripped-envelope supernovae. We show that 56Ni mixing significantly affects the early photospheric velocity evolution. The photospheric velocity, which is often used to constrain the ejecta mass and explosion energy, significantly varies by just changing the degree of 56Ni mixing. In addition, the models with a small degree of 56Ni mixing show a flattening in the early photospheric velocity evolution, while the fully mixed models show a monotonic decrease. The velocity flattening appears in both helium and carbon+oxygen progenitor explosions with a variety of ejecta mass, explosion energy, and 56Ni mass. Some stripped-envelope supernovae with early photospheric velocity information do show such a flattening. We find that Type Ib SN 2007Y, which has early photospheric velocity information, has a signature of a moderate degree of 56Ni mixing in the photospheric velocity evolution and about a half of the ejecta is mixed in it. The immediate spectroscopic follow-up observations of stripped-envelope supernovae shortly after the explosion providing the early photospheric evolution give an important clue to constrain 56Ni mixing in the ejecta.
description: 9 pages, 13 figures, 1 table, accepted by Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Electron Symmetry Breaking during Attosecond Charge Migration Induced by Laser Pulses: Point Group Analyses for Quantum Dynamics
Creators: name: Haase, Dietrich
name: Hermann, Gunter
name: Manz, Jörn
name: Pohl, Vincent
name: Tremblay, Jean Christophe
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: attosecond chemistry
subject: benzene
subject: charge migration
subject: group theory
subject: laser control
subject: Mgporphyrin
subject: point groups D4h
subject: D6h and subgroups
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::541 Physikalische Chemie

description: Quantum simulations of the electron dynamics of oriented benzene and Mg-porphyrin driven by short (<10 fs) laser pulses yield electron symmetry breaking during attosecond charge migration. Nuclear motions are negligible on this time domain, i.e., the point group symmetries G = D6h and D4h of the nuclear scaffolds are conserved. At the same time, the symmetries of the one-electron densities are broken, however, to specific subgroups of G for the excited superposition states. These subgroups depend on the polarization and on the electric fields of the laser pulses. They can be determined either by inspection of the symmetry elements of the one-electron density which represents charge migration after the laser pulse, or by a new and more efficient group-theoretical approach. The results agree perfectly with each other. They suggest laser control of symmetry breaking. The choice of the target subgroup is restricted, however, by a new theorem, i.e., it must contain the symmetry group of the time-dependent electronic Hamiltonian of the oriented molecule interacting with the laser pulse(s). This theorem can also be applied to confirm or to falsify complementary suggestions of electron symmetry breaking by laser pulses.
A WHEAT POLICY FOR THE SEVENTIES
Creators: name: Campbell, Keith O.
name: Campbell, Keith O.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1971
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: A study of the origins of the wheat surplus problem in Australia suggests that more far-reaching adjustments in national wheat policy are required than those currently envisaged. Ten specific recommendations for the reform of the present policy are outlined. A new form of income stabilisation scheme is proposed.
Loop Quantum Geometry: A primer
Creators: name: Corichi, Alejandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is the written version of a lecture given at the ``VI Mexican School of Gravitation and Mathematical Physics" (Nov 21-27, 2004, Playa del Carmen, Mexico), introducing the basics of Loop Quantum Geometry. The purpose of the written contribution is to provide a Primer version, that is, a first entry into Loop Quantum Gravity and to present at the same time a friendly guide to the existing pedagogical literature on the subject. This account is geared towards graduate students and non-experts interested in learning the basics of the subject.
description: 25 pages. Contribution for the Proceedings of the VI Mexican School of Gravitation and Mathematical Physics. Corrected typos
Invariant vector fields and the prolongation method for supersymmetric quantum systems
Creators: name: Alvarez-Moraga, Nibaldo
name: Hussin, Veronique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The kinematical and dynamical symmetries of equations describing the time evolution of quantum systems like the supersymmetric harmonic oscillator in one space dimension and the interaction of a non-relativistic spin one-half particle in a constant magnetic field are reviewed from the point of view of the vector field prolongation method. Generators of supersymmetries are then introduced so that we get Lie superalgebras of symmetries and supersymmetries. This approach does not require the introduction of Grassmann valued differential equations but a specific matrix realization and the concept of dynamical symmetry. The Jaynes-Cummings model and supersymmetric generalizations are then studied. We show how it is closely related to the preceding models. Lie algebras of symmetries and supersymmetries are also obtained.
description: 37 pages, 7 tables
RcdMathLib: An Open Source Software Library for Computing on Resource-Limited Devices
Creators: name: Kasmi, Zakaria
name: Norrdine, Abdelmoumen
name: Schiller, Jochen
name: Güneş, Mesut
name: Motzko, Christoph
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: singular value decomposition
subject: trilateration
subject: Gauss-Newton
subject: Levenberg-Marquardt
subject: multipath recognition and mitigation
subject: positioning
subject: RIOT-OS
subject: microcontrollers
subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke

description: We developped an open source library called RcdMathLib for solving multivariate linear and nonlinear systems. RcdMathLib supports on-the-fly computing on low-cost and resource-constrained devices, e.g., microcontrollers. The decentralized processing is a step towards ubiquitous computing enabling the implementation of Internet of Things (IoT) applications. RcdMathLib is modular- and layer-based, whereby different modules allow for algebraic operations such as vector and matrix operations or decompositions. RcdMathLib also comprises a utilities-module providing sorting and filtering algorithms as well as methods generating random variables. It enables solving linear and nonlinear equations based on efficient decomposition approaches such as the Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) algorithm. The open source library also provides optimization methods such as Gauss–Newton and Levenberg–Marquardt algorithms for solving problems of regression smoothing and curve fitting. Furthermore, a positioning module permits computing positions of IoT devices using algorithms for instance trilateration. This module also enables the optimization of the position by performing a method to reduce multipath errors on the mobile device. The library is implemented and tested on resource-limited IoT as well as on full-fledged operating systems. The open source software library is hosted on a GitLab repository.
Dynamical Evolution of Barred Galaxies
Creators: name: Athanassoula, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Angular momentum redistribution within barred galaxies drives their dynamical evolution. Angular momentum is emitted mainly by near-resonant material in the bar region and absorbed by resonant material mainly in the outer disc and in the halo. This exchange determines the strength of the bar, the decrease of its pattern speed, as well as its morphology. If the galaxy has also a gaseous component and/or a companion or satellite, then these also take part in the angular momentum exchange. During the evolution a bar structure forms in the inner parts of the halo as well. This bar is shorter and fatter than the disc bar and stays so all through the simulation, although its length grows considerably with time. Viewed edge-on, the bar in the disc component acquires a boxy or peanut shape. I describe the families of periodic orbits that explain such structures and review the observations showing that boxy/peanut `bulges' are in fact just bars seen edge-on.
description: 24 pages, 11 figures, invited review, 2004 DDA meeting in Cannes, april 19-23, Celestial Mechanics & Dynamical Astronomy (in press)
How can mathematical models help in the biogas generation process?
Creators: name: de Souza, Jovani Taveira
name: Obal, Thalita Monteiro
name: Salvador, Rodrigo
name: de Oliveira Florentino, Helenice
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Biogas has garnered increasing interest as a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels. However, due to the complexity of generating biogas, it is crucial to adopt adequate methodologies that aid planning, building, and running operations. Mathematical models have proven to be useful for assisting in the production of biogas, and they are applicable in different stages of the process. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to investigate how mathematical models can contribute to enhancing the efficiency and optimizing the biogas generation process. The Methodi Ordinatio methodology was used to conduct a systematic review of the literature. The VOSviewer software and the bibliometrix package in R were used to generate visual maps. The results revealed that mixed integer linear programming (MILP) models are the most common, accounting for 27% of the studies, followed by simulation models (SIM) with 14%, and hybrid models (HYB) and nonlinear programming models (NLP) in equal proportions, both at 13%. These models are useful for predicting and simulating biogas production. The analysis also revealed a significant trend toward integrating biogas production with the agricultural sector. Continuous advancements and applications of mathematical models are expected to increasingly facilitate biogas generation, thereby propelling global energy usage toward a sustainable energy source.
RISK, UTILITY AND STOCKING RATE
Creators: name: McArthur, I.D.
name: Dillon, John L.
name: McArthur, I.D.
name: Dillon, John L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1971
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: A simple utility-based model of risky wool production is presented. Evaluation of the model indicates the effect on optimal stocking rate of changes in the degree of risk aversion, farm area, variable cost, fixed cost, wool cut, wool price, variance of wool price, climatic variability and tax rate. It is shown that the utility hypothesis implies a lower optimal stocking rate than does expected profit maximization and hence implies a discrepancy between private and public optimal resource use which it is suggested, might be mitigated by a progressive bounty on wool production.
Vortex nucleation in rotating BEC: the role of the boundary condition for the order parameter
Creators: name: Pogosov, W. V.
name: Machida, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the process of vortex nucleation in rotating two-dimensional BEC confined in a harmonic trap. We show that, within the Gross-Pitaevskii theory with the boundary condition of vanishing of the order parameter at infinity, topological defects nucleation occurs via the creation of vortex-antivortex pairs far from the cloud center, where the modulus of the order parameter is small. Then, vortices move towards the center of the cloud and antivortices move in the opposite direction but never disappear. We also discuss the role of surface modes in this process.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
T-REx: Table Repair Explanations
Creators: name: Deutch, Daniel
name: Frost, Nave
name: Gilad, Amir
name: Sheffer, Oren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Data repair is a common and crucial step in many frameworks today, as applications may use data from different sources and of different levels of credibility. Thus, this step has been the focus of many works, proposing diverse approaches. To assist users in understanding the output of such data repair algorithms, we propose T-REx, a system for providing data repair explanations through Shapley values. The system is generic and not specific to a given repair algorithm or approach: it treats the algorithm as a black box. Given a specific table cell selected by the user, T-REx employs Shapley values to explain the significance of each constraint and each table cell in the repair of the cell of interest. T-REx then ranks the constraints and table cells according to their importance in the repair of this cell. This explanation allows users to understand the repair process, as well as to act based on this knowledge, to modify the most influencing constraints or the original database.
A COMPARISON OF INCOME AVERAGING PROCEDURES FOR INCOME TAX PURPOSES
Creators: name: Chisholm, Anthony H.
name: Chisholm, Anthony H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1971
Subjects: Agricultural Finance

description: A comparison is made of a number of income averaging procedures on the basis of selected performance criteria. The main conclusion which emerges is that the Australian income averaging procedure, currently applied to primary producers, has a number of defects. Several of the alternative income averaging procedures reviewed are judged to be superior to the current Australian system.
title: A synthetic manganese–calcium cluster similar to the catalyst of Photosystem II
title: challenges for biomimetic water oxidation
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Mousazade, Younes
name: Mohammadi, Mohammad Reza
name: Bagheri, Robabeh
name: Bikas, Rahman
name: Chernev, Petko
name: Song, Zhenlun
name: Lis, Tadeusz
name: Siczek, Milosz
name: Noshiranzadeh, Nader
name: Mebs, Stefan
name: Dau, Holger
name: Zaharieva, Ivelina
name: Najafpour, Mohammad Mahdi
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: water-oxidation reaction
subject: catalysts
subject: Photosystem II
subject: canning electron microscopy
subject: transmission electronmicroscopy
subject: energy dispersive spectrometry
subject: extended X-ray absorption spectroscopy
subject: chronoampero-metry
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Herein, we report the synthesis, characterization, crystal structure, density functional theory calculations, and water-oxidizing activity of a pivalate Mn–Ca cluster. All of the manganese atoms in the cluster are Mn(IV) ions and have a distorted MnO6 octahedral geometry. Three Mn(IV) ions together with a Ca(II) ion and four-oxido groups form a cubic Mn3CaO4 unit which is similar to the Mn3CaO4 cluster in the water-oxidizing complex of Photosystem II. Using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry, extended X-ray absorption spectroscopy, chronoamperometry, and electrochemical methods, a conversion into nano-sized Mn-oxide is observed for the cluster in the water-oxidation reaction.
AGGREGATION OF MICRO-FUNCTIONS TO OBTAIN A WHOLE-FARM PRODUCTION FUNCTION
Creators: name: Johnson, R.W.M.
name: Johnson, R.W.M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1971
Subjects: Production Economics

description: In this paper, a re-assessment of the aggregation problem in farm production functions is attempted. Aggregation starts from measurable farm management entities such as the milking cow, breeding ewe etc., and appropriate whole farm production functions are derived that are consistent with these biological units of farming, or as they will be called, the micro-functions of agriculture. The aggregate function, as derived, is based on the geometric means of micro outputs and inputs and could appropriately be said to 'represent' all the micro-functions. It is thus called, later in the paper, the representative production function for the farm firm.
The Roles of Personality Traits, AI Anxiety, and Demographic Factors in Attitudes toward Artificial Intelligence
Creators: name: Kaya, Feridun
name: Aydin, Fatih
name: Schepman, Astrid
name: Rodway, Paul
name: Yetişensoy, Okan
name: Kaya, Meva Demir
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: The present study adapted the General Attitudes toward Artificial Intelligence Scale (GAAIS) to Turkish and investigated the impact of personality traits, artificial intelligence anxiety, and demographics on attitudes toward artificial intelligence. The sample consisted of 259 female (74%) and 91 male (26%) individuals aged between 18 and 51 (Mean = 24.23). Measures taken were demographics, the Ten-Item Personality Inventory, the Artificial Intelligence Anxiety Scale, and the General Attitudes toward Artificial Intelligence Scale. The Turkish GAAIS had good validity and reliability. Hierarchical Multiple Linear Regression Analyses showed that positive attitudes toward artificial intelligence were significantly predicted by the level of computer use (β = 0.139, p = 0.013), level of knowledge about artificial intelligence (β = 0.119, p = 0.029), and AI learning anxiety (β = −0.172, p = 0.004). Negative attitudes toward artificial intelligence were significantly predicted by agreeableness (β = 0.120, p = 0.019), AI configuration anxiety (β = −0.379, p < 0.001), and AI learning anxiety (β = −0.211, p < 0.001). Personality traits, AI anxiety, and demographics play important roles in attitudes toward AI. Results are discussed in light of the previous research and theoretical explanations.
Role of Dirac nodal lines and strain on the high spin Hall conductivity of epitaxial IrO2 thin films
Creators: name: Bose, Arnab
name: Nelson, Jocienne N.
name: Zhang, Xiyue S.
name: Jain, Rakshit
name: Schlom, D. G.
name: Ralph, D. C.
name: Muller, D. A.
name: Shen, K. M.
name: Buhrman, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the discovery of a 'giant' spin Hall effect (SHE) in certain heavy metal elements there has been an intense effort to identify and develop new and technologically viable, heavy-metal-based thin film materials that could generate spin currents with even greater efficiency to exert spin-orbit torques (SOT) on adjacent ferromagnetic nanostructures. In parallel, there have been wide ranging fundamental studies of the spin currents that can arise from robust, intrinsic spin-orbit interaction (SOI) effects in more exotic systems including topological insulators, transition metal dichalcogenides with broken crystalline symmetry, Weyl and Dirac semimetals where gapless electronic excitations are protected by topology and symmetry. Here we experimentally study strong SOT from the topological semimetal IrO2 in (001) and (110) normal films, which exhibit distinctly different SHE strengths. Angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy studies have shown IrO2 exhibits Dirac nodal lines (DNL) in the band structure, which could enable a very high spin Hall conductivity (SHC). The (001) films exhibit exceptionally high damping like torque efficiency ranging from 0.45 at 293 K to 0.65 at 30 K which sets the lower bound of SHC that is ten times higher and of opposite sign than the theoretical prediction. We observe a substantial reduction of SHC in anisotropically strained (110) films, which suggests that the DNLs that are present in the (001) films and contribute to SHC, are disrupted and gapped due to the large anisotropic strain in (110) films, which in turn significantly lowers SHC. Very large value of SHC at room temperature of this Dirac semimetal could be very promising for the practical application.
ON ESTIMATING ALLOCATIVE EFFICIENCY IN CROSS-SECTIONAL ANALYSIS OF PRODUCTION
Creators: name: Anderson, Jock R.
name: Dillon, John L.
name: Anderson, Jock R.
name: Dillon, John L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1971
Subjects: Production Economics

description: In a recent reappraisal of evidence adduced for allocative efficiency in traditional agriculture, Dillon and Anderson employed a method based on a combination of traditional economic aspects and statistical aspects of estimated production functions. However, their reappraisal involved using marginal rather than the (appropriate) joint distributions of the regression coefficients. This paper investigates the error associated with using the inappropriate marginal distribution in a reassessment of allocative efficiency in wool growing in the Australian pastoral zone.
Detecting structural transformation of cobalt phosphonate to active bifunctional catalysts for electrochemical water-splitting
Creators: name: Indra, Arindam
name: Menezes, Prashanth W.
name: Zaharieva, Ivelina
name: Dau, Holger
name: Driess, Matthias
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Graphene
subject: thermoconductive
subject: nonflammable
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: With the rapid development of wearable electronic devices, multifunctional ultrarobust, thermoconductive, nonflammable, and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding films which are widely utilized to efficiently dissipate heat generated from electronic components are in high demand. The poor scalability and mechanical flexibility of multifunctional papers usually hinder their practical application. In this study, mass-scalable ultrarobust graphene nanoplatelet (GnP) cross-linked aramid nanofiber (ANF) papers with a nacre-bioinspired structure are fabricated via an evaporation-induced self-assembly approach. By chemical cross-linking between two-dimensional GnPs and one-dimensional ANFs in the nacre-bioinspired structure by a phosphorus agent, the excellent toughness and folding endurance of the GnP based ANF papers have been successfully achieved with simultaneous integration of high-level multifunctional properties. Specifically, the ultrarobust GnP based ANF paper with 50 wt% GnP loading exhibits exceptional ultimate tensile strength (437 MPa), Young's modulus (19.7 GPa) and toughness (23.9 MJ m−3) as well as superb folding endurance after 10 000 bending cycles. Moreover, the highly ordered alignment of GnP induced an unprecedented thermal/electrical conductivity, and the GnP (50 wt%) based ANF papers with an ultrathin thickness of 21 μm show a superb in-plane thermal conductivity (up to 68.2 W m−1 K−1) and outstanding absolute effectiveness EMI shielding (up to 11 060 dB cm2 g−1) and are comparable with some commercial metals/alloys. These outstanding mechanical flexibility integrated superb thermal/EMI properties along with mass-scale production pave the way for practical applications of GnP based ANF papers in the development of advanced thermal management materials in autonomous cars, air vehicles and wearable devices.
THE INCIDENCE AND EFFECTS OF DEATH DUTIES ON WOOL-GROWING PROPERTIES IN SOUTH AUSTRALIA
Creators: name: Thomson, Norm J.
name: Thomson, Norm J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1971
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: Death duties are allegedly a tax designed to redistribute accumulations of wealth. Therefore, to the extent that they are successful, one might expect death duties to inhibit the trend for wool-growing properties to become more capital-intensive. This aspect of death duties appears to be in complete contrast to other rural policy objectives designed to encourage on-farm investment. However, while a survey of 58 death duty-affected properties established that death duties do reduce the rate of capital accumulation, the impact appears to be less severe on the wealthy than the less-wealthy families.
Monte Carlo simulation of melting transition on DNA nanocompartment
Creators: name: Chang, Song
name: Mao, Youdong
name: Xie, Zhengwei
name: Luo, Chunxiong
name: Ouyang, Qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: DNA nanocompartment is a typical DNA-based machine whose function is dependent of molecular collective effect. Fundamental properties of the device have been addressed via electrochemical analysis, fluorescent microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. Interesting and novel phenomena emerged during the switching of the device. We have found that DNAs in this system exhibit a much steep melting transition compared to ones in bulk solution or conventional DNA array. To achieve an understanding to this discrepancy, we introduced DNA-DNA interaction potential to the conventional Ising-like Zimm-Bragg theory and Peyrard-Bishop model of DNA melting. To avoid unrealistic numerical calculation caused by modification of the Peyrard-Bishop nonlinear Hamiltonian with the DNA-DNA interaction, we established coarse-gained Monte Carlo recursion relations by elucidation of five components of energy change during melting transition. The result suggests that DNA-DNA interaction potential accounts for the observed steep transition.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Relic abundance of mass-varying cold dark matter particles
Creators: name: Rosenfeld, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In models of coupled dark energy and dark matter the mass of the dark matter particle depends on the cosmological evolution of the dark energy field. In this note we exemplify in a simple model the effects of this mass variation on the relic abundance of cold dark matter.
description: 5 pages, no figures. Version published in PLB
Just in Time: Personal Temporal Insights for Altering Model Decisions
Creators: name: Boer, Naama
name: Deutch, Daniel
name: Frost, Nave
name: Milo, Tova
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The interpretability of complex Machine Learning models is coming to be a critical social concern, as they are increasingly used in human-related decision-making processes such as resume filtering or loan applications. Individuals receiving an undesired classification are likely to call for an explanation -- preferably one that specifies what they should do in order to alter that decision when they reapply in the future. Existing work focuses on a single ML model and a single point in time, whereas in practice, both models and data evolve over time: an explanation for an application rejection in 2018 may be irrelevant in 2019 since in the meantime both the model and the applicant's data can change. To this end, we propose a novel framework that provides users with insights and plans for changing their classification in particular future time points. The solution is based on combining state-of-the-art algorithms for (single) model explanations, ones for predicting future models, and database-style querying of the obtained explanations. We propose to demonstrate the usefulness of our solution in the context of loan applications, and interactively engage the audience in computing and viewing suggestions tailored for applicants based on their unique characteristic.
A STOCHASTIC MODEL FOR THE OPTIMAL REPLACEMENT OF RUBBER TREES
Creators: name: Etherington, Dan M.
name: Etherington, Dan M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1977
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Recognizing the lack of realism in optimal replacement analyses that assume constant prices and yield patterns over time, a stochastic model appropriate to rubber production is developed. Data drawn from Peninsular Malaysia are used to implement the model. The results suggest that efforts should be directed towards establishing bench mark maximum annuities as guides to more economic replanting decisions rather than emphasizing earlier replanting per se. The significance of price stabilization policies also becomes evident.
Prepackaging Tomatoes
Creators: name: Aronow, William A.
name: Bryan, James E.
name: Aronow, William A.
name: Bryan, James E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1952
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Production Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis

description: Excerpts from the report Summary: In a study of 14 tomato prepackaging plants, it was found that these plants could, on the average, increase their labor efficiency by 36 percent if they all used the most efficient methods and practices found among them. If the plants are typical of the entire tomato prepackaging industry, it is estimated that general adoption of the most efficient methods and practices should result in an annual saving of more than 2-4 million dollars in direct labor cost. However, some plants, particularly those using extensive manual operations, would probably find it necessary to invest in more mechanized equipment than they now have. To summarize, it was found that: (1) An average 24 percent reduction in labor costs could be achieved in terminal market tomato-prepackaging plants by adoption of more efficient operating methods; (2) additional labor savings could be obtained by receiving tomatoes in large, jumble-packed containers instead of in lug boxes, although waste and spoilage losses were found to be greater in plants that purchased their tomatoes in the larger containers; and (3) a total of 78 percent of prepackaged tomatoes purchased in retail stores were imperfect, 37 percent were pressure bruised, and 13 percent were in an unsalable condition. It is evident, therefore, that further increases in the efficiency of prepackaging tomatoes should not be achieved at the expense of rougher handling of the tomatoes, which might cause greater deterioration in their average quality.
Exploring storage technologies for HPSS disk caches
Creators: name: Petzold, Andreas
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2023

description: At KIT we operate HPSS as a tape system for the GridKa WLCG Tier-1 and for the Baden-Württemberg Data Archive service. Performance limitations of the HPSS disk cache systems led us to explore new technology options for the disk cache, based on classic storage systems with SSDs, storage servers with local NVMe devices, and also options based on IBM Storage Scale. We will present details on the different possible solutions, including benchmarks.
D7.1 Report on Earth Science multidisciplinary case study on 2020 lockdown: requirements, testing, demonstration and population
Creators: name: Foglini, Federica
name: Grande, Valentina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: RELIANCE
Research Objects
ROhub
RO-Crate
Data cubes
EOSC

description: This deliverable T7.1 aims at reporting the Multidisciplinary case study on 2020 Lockdown consequences on the environment. The Scientific communities built a shared multidisciplinary research framework using Earth Science data acquired during the 2020 lockdown which generated a fast, drastic and intense reduction of the anthropic pressure on the environment. The team studied the effects of anthropic pressure reduction under the marine and atmospheric perspective. It collected and shared information on environmental variables, sampling strategies, spatial and temporal reduction, sampling methodologies and model experiments linked to changes detected across the pre-pandemic and post-pandemic phases. The joint research activities carried out by means of a Research Object-based approach led to the creation of an Earth Science Lockdown Research Object Inventory containing valuable multidisciplinary research information publicly available.
description: This is the draft version of the deliverable not yet approved by the European Commission.