cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Is the type-D NUT C-metric really "missing" from the most general Plebański-Demiański solution?
Creators: name: Wu, Shuang-Qing
name: Wu, Di
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It remains a long-standing problem, unsettled for almost two decades in the general relativity community, ever since Griffiths and Podolsky demonstrated in Ref. [J.B. Griffiths and J. Podolsky, Class. Quant. Grav. 22, 3467 (2005)] that the type-D NUT C-metric seems to be absent from the most general family of the type-D Plebański-Demiański (P-D) solution. However, Astorino [Phys. Rev. D 109, 084038 (2024)] presented a different form of rotating and accelerating black holes and showed that all known four-dimensional type-D accelerating black holes (without the NUT charge) can be recovered via various different limits in a definitive fashion. In particular, he provided, for the first time, the correct expressions for the type-D static accelerating black holes with a nonzero NUT charge, which was previously impossible using the traditional parametrization of the familiar P-D solution. Nevertheless, it still remains elusive how these two different forms of the four-dimensional rotating and accelerating solutions are related. In this paper, we aim to fill this gap by finding the obvious coordinate transformations and parameter identifications between the vacuum metrics after two different parametrizations of the generated solution via the inverse scattering method from the seed metric -- the Rindler vacuum background. We then resolve this ``missing" puzzle by providing another Möbius transformation and linear combinations of the Killing coordinates, which clearly cast the type-D NUT C-metric into the familiar form of the P-D solution. Additionally, we propose an alternative new routine for the normalization of the obtained metric derived via the inverse scattering method from the vacuum seed solution, which could be potentially useful for the construction of higher-dimensional solutions using the trivial vacuum background as the seed metric.
description: 16 pages, No figure, revtex4-1.cls, match with the published version
Revisiting the Green-Kubo relation for friction in nanofluidics
Creators: name: Bui, Anna T.
name: Cox, Stephen J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A central aim of statistical mechanics is to establish connections between a system's microscopic fluctuations and its macroscopic response to a perturbation. For non-equilibrium transport properties, this amounts to establishing Green-Kubo (GK) relationships. In hydrodynamics, relating such GK expressions for liquid-solid friction to macroscopic slip boundary conditions has remained a long-standing problem due to two challenges: (i) The GK running integral of the force autocorrelation function decays to zero rather than reaching a well-defined plateau value; and (ii) debates persist on whether such a transport coefficient measures an intrinsic interfacial friction or an effective friction in the system. Inspired by ideas from the coarse-graining community, we derive a GK relation for liquid-solid friction where the force autocorrelation is sampled with a constraint of momentum conservation in the liquid. Our expression does not suffer from the "plateau problem" and unambiguously measures an effective friction coefficient, in an analogous manner to Stokes' law. We further establish a link between the derived friction coefficient and the hydrodynamic slip length, enabling a straightforward assessment of continuum hydrodynamics across length scales. We find that continuum hydrodynamics describes the simulation results quantitatively for confinement length scales all the way down to 1 nm. Our approach amounts to a straightforward modification to the present standard method of quantifying interfacial friction from molecular simulations, making possible a sensible comparison between surfaces of vastly different slippage.
description: Main: 12 pages, 3 figures. SI: 26 pages, 11 figures
Aphis aliena Theobald 1915
Creators: name: Hassan, Muhammad Asghar
name: Asif, Muhammad
name: Chakrabarti, Samiran
name: Amin, Muhammad
name: Abbas, Zohair
name: Maryam, Zershina
name: Iqbal, Zafar
name: Ali, Muhammad
name: Qasim, Muhammad
name: Bashir, Nawaz Haider
name: Ali, Muhammad Yasir
name: Xing, Jichun
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Aphididae
Aphis
Aphis aliena

description: 7. Aphis aliena Theobald, 1915
Host plant
Teucrium sp. (Lamiaceae).
Distribution in Pakistan
KPK: Swat (Kalam Valley) (Naumann-Etienne & Remaudière 1995; Blackman & Eastop 2006).
description: Published as part of Hassan, Muhammad Asghar, Asif, Muhammad, Chakrabarti, Samiran, Amin, Muhammad, Abbas, Zohair, Maryam, Zershina, Iqbal, Zafar, Ali, Muhammad, Qasim, Muhammad, Bashir, Nawaz Haider, Ali, Muhammad Yasir & Xing, Jichun, 2024, A comprehensive checklist and host plants of Aphididae (Aphidomorpha: Hemiptera) from Pakistan, pp. 1-114 in European Journal of Taxonomy 945 on page 6, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2024.945.2613, http://zenodo.org/record/13177348
Writing at university 1: Reading strategies (2nd edition)
Creators: name: Ruegg, Rachael
name: Kerr, Alastair
name: Quigley, Katherine
name: Malthus, Miriam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 470306
subject: English as a second language

description: This is the first in a series of short courses introducing academic writing for ESL students. This first course deals with reading strategies for writing. The original version of these materials was published online in 2021. This is a slightly revised 2nd edition of those materials.
Ground state energy is not always convex in the number of electrons
Creators: name: Di Marino, Simone
name: Lewin, Mathieu
name: Nenna, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide the first counterexample showing that the ground state energy of electrons in an external Coulomb potential is not always a convex function of the number of electrons. This convexity has been conjectured for decades and plays an important role in quantum chemistry. Our counterexample involves six nuclei with small fractional charges placed far apart. The ground state energy of 3 electrons is shown to be higher than the average of the energies for 2 and 4 electrons. We also show that the nuclei can bind 2 or 4 electrons, but not 3. This article raises the question of whether the energy convexity really holds for all possible molecules (with nuclei of integer charge).
description: This paper is dedicated to Trygve Helgaker on the occasion of his 70th birthday. Final version to appear in J. Phys. Chem. A
Evaluating the gravitational wave detectability of globular clusters and the Magellanic Clouds for LISA
Creators: name: van Zeist, Wouter G. J.
name: Nelemans, Gijs
name: Zwart, Simon F. Portegies
name: Eldridge, Jan J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the stellar evolution code BPASS and the gravitational wave simulation code LEGWORK to simulate populations of compact binaries that may be detected by the in-development space-based gravitational wave (GW) detector LISA. Specifically, we simulate the Magellanic Clouds and binary populations mimicking several globular clusters, neglecting dynamical effects. We find that the Magellanic Clouds would have a handful of detectable sources each, but for globular clusters the amount of detectable sources would be less than one. We compare our results to earlier research and find that our predicted numbers are several tens of times lower than calculations using the stellar evolution code BSE that take dynamical effects into account, but also calculations using the stellar evolution code SeBa for the Magellanic Clouds. This correlates with earlier research which compared BPASS models for GW sources in the Galactic disk with BSE models and found a similarly sized discrepancy. We analyse and explain this discrepancy as being caused by differences between the stellar evolution codes, particularly in the treatment of mass transfer and common-envelope events in binaries, where in BPASS mass transfer is more likely to be stable and tends to lead to less orbital shrinkage in the common-envelope phase than in other codes. This difference results in fewer compact binaries with periods short enough to be detected by LISA existing in the BPASS population. For globular clusters, we conclude that the impact of dynamical effects is uncertain from the literature, but the differences in stellar evolution have an effect of a factor of a few tens.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures, 4 tables. Submitted to A&A
Aphis asclepiadis Fitch 1851
Creators: name: Hassan, Muhammad Asghar
name: Asif, Muhammad
name: Chakrabarti, Samiran
name: Amin, Muhammad
name: Abbas, Zohair
name: Maryam, Zershina
name: Iqbal, Zafar
name: Ali, Muhammad
name: Qasim, Muhammad
name: Bashir, Nawaz Haider
name: Ali, Muhammad Yasir
name: Xing, Jichun
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Aphididae
Aphis
Aphis asclepiadis

description: 8. Aphis asclepiadis Fitch, 1851
Host plants
Carthamus tinctorius L., Helianthus annuus L. (Asteraceae).
Distribution in Pakistan
AK: Poonch (Hajira) (Amin et al. 2023).
description: Published as part of Hassan, Muhammad Asghar, Asif, Muhammad, Chakrabarti, Samiran, Amin, Muhammad, Abbas, Zohair, Maryam, Zershina, Iqbal, Zafar, Ali, Muhammad, Qasim, Muhammad, Bashir, Nawaz Haider, Ali, Muhammad Yasir & Xing, Jichun, 2024, A comprehensive checklist and host plants of Aphididae (Aphidomorpha: Hemiptera) from Pakistan, pp. 1-114 in European Journal of Taxonomy 945 on page 6, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2024.945.2613, http://zenodo.org/record/13177348
MEGS: Morphological Evaluation of Galactic Structure
Creators: name: Çakır, Ufuk
name: Buck, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the morphology of galaxies is a critical aspect of astrophysics research, providing insight into the formation, evolution, and physical properties of these vast cosmic structures. Various observational and computational methods have been developed to quantify galaxy morphology, and with the advent of large galaxy simulations, the need for automated and effective classification methods has become increasingly important. This paper investigates the use of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) as an interpretable dimensionality reduction algorithm for galaxy morphology using the IllustrisTNG cosmological simulation dataset with the aim of developing a generative model for galaxies. We first generate a dataset of 2D images and 3D cubes of galaxies from the IllustrisTNG simulation, focusing on the mass, metallicity, and stellar age distribution of each galaxy. PCA is then applied to this data, transforming it into a lower-dimensional image space, where closeness of data points corresponds to morphological similarity. We find that PCA can effectively capture the key morphological features of galaxies, with a significant proportion of the variance in the data being explained by a small number of components. With our method we achieve a dimensionality reduction by a factor of $\sim200$ for 2D images and $\sim3650$ for 3D cubes at a reconstruction accuracy below five percent. Our results illustrate the potential of PCA in compressing large cosmological simulations into an interpretable generative model for galaxies that can easily be used in various downstream tasks such as galaxy classification and analysis.
description: 13 pages, 9 without appendix, source code on GitHub: https://github.com/ufuk-cakir/MEGS , data on Zenodo: https://zenodo.org/record/8375344 , see also GAMMA: https://github.com/ufuk-cakir/GAMMA
Mitigating tilt-induced artifacts in reflection ptychography via optimization of the tilt angles
Creators: name: Senhorst, Sander
name: Shao, Yifeng
name: Weerdenburg, Sven
name: Horsten, Roland
name: Porter, Christina
name: Coene, Wim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ptychography in a reflection geometry shows great promise for non-destructive imaging of 3-dimensional nanostructures at the surface of a thick substrate. A major challenge to obtain high quality reflection-ptychographic images under near-grazing conditions has been to calibrate the incidence angle used to straighten the measured curved diffraction patterns in a process referred to as 'tilted plane correction' (TPC). In this work, we leverage the flexibility of automatic differentiation (AD)-based modeling to realise an alternative approach, where the tilted propagation is included into the forward model. Use of AD allows us to jointly optimize the tilt angles with the typical probe and object, eliminating the need for accurate calibration or random search optimization. The approach was validated using datasets generated with an extreme ultraviolet (EUV) beamline based on either a tabletop high harmonic generation (HHG) source or a visible laser. We demonstrate that the proposed approach can converge to a precision of $\pm 0.05°$ for probe beams at $70°$ angle of incidence, possibly precise enough for use as a calibration approach. Furthermore, we demonstrate that optimizing for the tilt angles reduces artifacts and increases reconstruction fidelity. Use of AD not only streamlines the current ptychographic reconstruction process, but should also enable optimization of more complex models in other domains, which will undoubtedly be essential for future advancements in computational imaging.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
HRA: A Multi-Criteria Framework for Ranking Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms
Creators: name: Goula, Evgenia-Maria K.
name: Sotiropoulos, Dimitris G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Metaheuristic algorithms are essential for solving complex optimization problems in different fields. However, the difficulty in comparing and rating these algorithms remains due to the wide range of performance metrics and problem dimensions usually involved. On the other hand, nonparametric statistical methods and post hoc tests are time-consuming, especially when we only need to identify the top performers among many algorithms. The Hierarchical Rank Aggregation (HRA) algorithm aims to efficiently rank metaheuristic algorithms based on their performance across many criteria and dimensions. The HRA employs a hierarchical framework that begins with collecting performance metrics on various benchmark functions and dimensions. Rank-based normalization is employed for each performance measure to ensure comparability and the robust TOPSIS aggregation is applied to combine these rankings at several hierarchical levels, resulting in a comprehensive ranking of the algorithms. Our study uses data from the CEC 2017 competition to demonstrate the robustness and efficacy of the HRA framework. It examines 30 benchmark functions and evaluates the performance of 13 metaheuristic algorithms across five performance indicators in four distinct dimensions. This presentation highlights the potential of the HRA to enhance the interpretation of the comparative advantages and disadvantages of various algorithms by simplifying practitioners' choices of the most appropriate algorithm for certain optimization problems.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure
Tumor aware recurrent inter-patient deformable image registration of computed tomography scans with lung cancer
Creators: name: Jiang, Jue
name: Choi, Chloe Min Seo
name: Thor, Maria
name: Deasy, Joseph O.
name: Veeraraghavan, Harini
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Background: Voxel-based analysis (VBA) for population level radiotherapy (RT) outcomes modeling requires topology preserving inter-patient deformable image registration (DIR) that preserves tumors on moving images while avoiding unrealistic deformations due to tumors occurring on fixed images. Purpose: We developed a tumor-aware recurrent registration (TRACER) deep learning (DL) method and evaluated its suitability for VBA. Methods: TRACER consists of encoder layers implemented with stacked 3D convolutional long short term memory network (3D-CLSTM) followed by decoder and spatial transform layers to compute dense deformation vector field (DVF). Multiple CLSTM steps are used to compute a progressive sequence of deformations. Input conditioning was applied by including tumor segmentations with 3D image pairs as input channels. Bidirectional tumor rigidity, image similarity, and deformation smoothness losses were used to optimize the network in an unsupervised manner. TRACER and multiple DL methods were trained with 204 3D CT image pairs from patients with lung cancers (LC) and evaluated using (a) Dataset I (N = 308 pairs) with DL segmented LCs, (b) Dataset II (N = 765 pairs) with manually delineated LCs, and (c) Dataset III with 42 LC patients treated with RT. Results: TRACER accurately aligned normal tissues. It best preserved tumors, blackindicated by the smallest tumor volume difference of 0.24\%, 0.40\%, and 0.13 \% and mean square error in CT intensities of 0.005, 0.005, 0.004, computed between original and resampled moving image tumors, for Datasets I, II, and III, respectively. It resulted in the smallest planned RT tumor dose difference computed between original and resampled moving images of 0.01 Gy and 0.013 Gy when using a female and a male reference.
description: Minor revision under the journal of Medical Physics
Aphis astragalina Hille Ris Lambers 1974
Creators: name: Hassan, Muhammad Asghar
name: Asif, Muhammad
name: Chakrabarti, Samiran
name: Amin, Muhammad
name: Abbas, Zohair
name: Maryam, Zershina
name: Iqbal, Zafar
name: Ali, Muhammad
name: Qasim, Muhammad
name: Bashir, Nawaz Haider
name: Ali, Muhammad Yasir
name: Xing, Jichun
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Aphididae
Aphis
Aphis astragalina

description: 9. Aphis astragalina Hille Ris Lambers, 1974
Host plant
Teucrium sp. (Lamiaceae).
Distribution in Pakistan
BA: Quetta (Naumann-Etienne & Remaudière 1995; Naseem et al. 2019).
description: Published as part of Hassan, Muhammad Asghar, Asif, Muhammad, Chakrabarti, Samiran, Amin, Muhammad, Abbas, Zohair, Maryam, Zershina, Iqbal, Zafar, Ali, Muhammad, Qasim, Muhammad, Bashir, Nawaz Haider, Ali, Muhammad Yasir & Xing, Jichun, 2024, A comprehensive checklist and host plants of Aphididae (Aphidomorpha: Hemiptera) from Pakistan, pp. 1-114 in European Journal of Taxonomy 945 on page 6, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2024.945.2613, http://zenodo.org/record/13177348
DICIONARIZAÇÃO COMO FERRAMENTA DE REVITALIZAÇÃO DE LÍNGUAS AMEAÇADAS: DOIS RELATOS DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Creators: name: Soares, Matheus
name: Rodrigues Jr., Douglas
name: Galucio, Ana Vilacy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Retomada linguística
Patrimônio cultural
Povos indígenas

description: Muitas línguas indígenas brasileiras têm sido forçadas em um caminho que leva à perda de espaços de uso e, em última instância, ao seu desaparecimento devido, principalmente, à quebra de transmissão da língua entre as gerações do povo e consequente redução do número de falantes. Nesse contexto, iniciativas voltadas à documentação e revitalização dessas línguas têm aumentado no país. Dicionários multimídia que apresentam imagens e áudio e/ou vídeos com a pronúncia das palavras e de exemplos de uso, estão entre as diversas estratégias, produtos e atividades que podem ser utilizadas para auxiliar processos de fortalecimento e revitalização linguística. A dicionarização de uma língua é uma tarefa complexa, mas que pode ser aliada nos processos de documentação e revitalização. Os dicionários constituem um meio de fácil acesso a informações e dados da língua. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar o relato de pesquisa desenvolvida no âmbito de dois projetos de Iniciação Científica voltados à organização de dicionários multimídia bilíngues para duas línguas extremamente ameaçadas. A partir dessa experiência, no âmbito da formação de jovens pesquisadores, refletimos sobre como as metodologias de descrição e documentação podem ser associadas à metodologia de dicionarização para auxiliar no processo de revitalização de línguas ameaçadas. Os resultados indicam que a dicionarização de línguas ameaçadas constitui uma ferramenta importante nos processos de revitalização e documentação de uma língua. O dicionário é útil e importante do ponto de vista científico e também do ponto de vista da aplicação prática, se incorporado pela comunidade de fala, para uso, podendo servir de ferramenta para o processo de revitalização da língua. Os dicionários também possuem relevância como fonte de dados linguísticos para estudos histórico-comparativos e tipológicos. A participação em projetos de pesquisa em programas de da Iniciação Científica contribui positivamente para a formação de jovens pesquisadores.
Aphis craccivora Koch 1854
Creators: name: Hassan, Muhammad Asghar
name: Asif, Muhammad
name: Chakrabarti, Samiran
name: Amin, Muhammad
name: Abbas, Zohair
name: Maryam, Zershina
name: Iqbal, Zafar
name: Ali, Muhammad
name: Qasim, Muhammad
name: Bashir, Nawaz Haider
name: Ali, Muhammad Yasir
name: Xing, Jichun
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Aphididae
Aphis
Aphis craccivora

description: 10. Aphis craccivora Koch, 1854
Host plants
Amaranthus viridis L. (Amaranthaceae), Coriandrum sativum L. (Apiaceae), Bidens biternata (Lour.) Merr. & Sherff, Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronquist, Dendranthema indicum (L.) Des Moul., Parthenium hysterophorus L., Sonchus asper (L.) Hill (Asteraceae), Chenopodium album L. (Chenopodiaceae), Arachis hypogaea L., Euphorbia prostrata Aiton (Euphorbiaceae), Alhagi maurorum Medik., Cajanus indicus Spreng., Cassia fistula L., Dalbergia sissoo DC., Dolichos lablab L., Indigofera tinctoria L., Lathyrus sativus L., Lens culinaris Medik., Medicago sativa L., M. polymorpha L., Melilotus indica (L.) All., Phaseolus radiatus L., Robinia pseudoacacia L., Senna surattensis (Burm.f.) H.S.Irwin & Barneby, Sesbania aegyptiaca Poir., Tephrosia purpurea (L.) Pers., Trigonella foenum-graecum L., Vicia faba L. (Fabaceae), Asparagus sp. (Liliaceae), Alcea rosea L., Hibiscus sp. (Malvaceae), Ficus carica L. (Moraceae), Psidium guajava L. (Myrtaceae), Bougainvillea sp. (Nyctaginaceae), Punica granatum L. (Punicaceae), Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl., Pyrus malus L. (Rosaceae), Salix sp. (Salicaceae), Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle (Simaroubaceae), Cestrum sp., Solanum nigrum L. (Solanaceae), Tribulus terrestris L. (Zygophyllaceae), and some unidentified plants of Brassicaceae Burnett, Musaceae Juss., Nitrariaceae Lindl., Poaceae, and Rutaceae Juss.
Distribution in Pakistan
AK: Bagh (Singola), Poonch (Abbaspur, Alisojal, Banjosa, Hajira, Haveli, Hussainkot, Khaigala, Paniola, Rawalakot, Thorar, Tolipir), Sudhanoti (Mang, Palandari, Thrar Khal); BA: Quetta; GB: Gupis-Yasin (Gupis), Gilgit (Nomal); KPK: Chitral, Mansehra (Naran Valley); PB: Attock, Bahawalpur (Mandi Yazman), Bhakkar, Chakwal, Faisalabad, Gujranwala (Kamonke, Nandipur, Qila Didar Singh), Islamabad Capital, Khushab, Lahore, Layyah, Mianwali, Multan, Rawalpindi (Murree, Rawalpindi), Sialkot [widely distributed throughout the country]; cosmopolitan species (Das 1918; Nasir & Yousuf 1992; Naumann-Etienne & Remaudière 1995; Irshad 2001; Blackman & Eastop 2006; Hassan et al. 2010; Bodlah et al. 2011, 2012; Javed et al. 2014; Khan et al. 2012; Amin et al. 2017b, 2019 a, 2021; Maryam et al. 2019; Naseem et al. 2019).
description: Published as part of Hassan, Muhammad Asghar, Asif, Muhammad, Chakrabarti, Samiran, Amin, Muhammad, Abbas, Zohair, Maryam, Zershina, Iqbal, Zafar, Ali, Muhammad, Qasim, Muhammad, Bashir, Nawaz Haider, Ali, Muhammad Yasir & Xing, Jichun, 2024, A comprehensive checklist and host plants of Aphididae (Aphidomorpha: Hemiptera) from Pakistan, pp. 1-114 in European Journal of Taxonomy 945 on pages 6-7, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2024.945.2613, http://zenodo.org/record/13177348
Origin of Black Hole Spin in Lower-Mass-Gap Black Hole-Neutron Star Binaries
Creators: name: Qin, Ying
name: Wang, Zhen-Han-Tao
name: Meynet, Georges
name: Hu, Rui-Chong
name: Fu, Chengjie
name: Shu, Xin-Wen
name: Wang, Zi-Yuan
name: Yi, Shuang-Xi
name: Tang, Qing-Wen
name: Song, Han-Feng
name: Liang, En-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During the fourth observing run, the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA Collaboration reported the detection of a coalescing compact binary (GW230529$_{-}$181500) with component masses estimated at $2.5-4.5\, M_\odot$ and $1.2-2.0\, M_\odot$ with 90\% credibility. Given the current constraints on the maximum neutron star (NS) mass, this event is most likely a lower-mass-gap (LMG) black hole-neutron star (BHNS) binary. The spin magnitude of the BH, especially when aligned with the orbital angular momentum, is critical in determining whether the NS is tidally disrupted. An LMG BHNS merger with a rapidly spinning BH is an ideal candidate for producing electromagnetic counterparts. However, no such signals have been detected. In this study, we employ a detailed binary evolution model, incorporating new dynamical tide implementations, to explore the origin of BH spin in an LMG BHNS binary. If the NS forms first, the BH progenitor (He-rich star) must begin in orbit shorter than 0.35 days to spin up efficiently, potentially achieving a spin magnitude of $χ_{\rm BH} > 0.3$. Alternatively, if a non-spinning BH (e.g., $M_{\rm BH} = 3.6\, M_\odot$) forms first, it can accrete up to $\sim 0.2\, M_\odot$ via Case BA mass transfer (MT), reaching a spin magnitude of $χ_{\rm BH} \sim 0.18$ under Eddington-limited accretion. With a higher Eddington accretion limit (i.e., 10.0 $\Dot{M}_{\rm Edd}$), the BH can attain a significantly higher spin magnitude of $χ_{\rm BH} \sim\,0.65$ by accreting approximately $1.0\, M_\odot$ during Case BA MT phase.
description: Accepted by A&A Letters (09/11/2024)
Characteristics of the quick repeat-recall test (Q-RRT)
Creators: name: Kuk, Francis
name: Slugocki, Christopher
name: Korhonen, Petri
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: To determine the reliability and validity of the Quick Repeat-Recall Test (Q-RRT). Within-subject repeated measures. Participants completed the Q-RRT at a speech level of 75 dB SPL in 2 noise configurations at signal-to-noise ratios of 5, 10, and 15 dB in a counterbalanced order, along with the full-RRT. The Q-RRT was repeated after 1–3 weeks to estimate within-session and between-session reliability. Participants also completed external validation measures relating speech-in-noise ability (Hearing-In-Noise Test, HINT), memory (Reading Span Test, RST; Forward Digit Span Test, DST-F), and noise acceptance (Tracking of Noise Tolerance, TNT). Twenty-five normal-hearing listeners (mean age = 63.9 years). Group Repeat and Recall scores were similar between the full-RRT and the Q-RRT. However, Listening Effort and Tolerable Time ratings were significantly poorer for the full-RRT than the Q-RRT. The average repeat scores correlated with the HINT scores, while the recall scores correlated with the DST-F and RST scores. Tolerable Time ratings also correlated with the TNT scores. Within-session and between-session test-retest reliability using intraclass correlation coefficients were fair-to-excellent (0.41–0.91) depending on the outcome measures. The Q-RRT is a reliable and valid measure of speech-in-noise ability, working memory, listening effort, and noise acceptance.
The equivalent threshold sound pressure levels and test-retest threshold variability of a consumer-grade insert earphone fitted with stock, foam, and otoacoustic emission probe ear tips
Creators: name: Seluakumaran, Kumar
name: Azizi, Amirah Kamal
name: Kulasegarah, Jeyanthi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Consumer-grade insert earphones (IEs) can be utilised for audiometry, but their calibration values and threshold reliability may differ from the audiometric IE. This study measured the equivalent threshold sound pressure levels (ETSPLs), and the test-retest threshold variation when a consumer IE (Sennheiser CX100) was fitted with: (1) silicone stock ear tips that came along with the earphone, (2) replacement foam ear tips (KZ acoustics) and (3) silicone otoacoustic emission (OAE) probe ear tips. Study 1 determined ETSPL values in 25 normal-hearing subjects aged 18–25 years at seven test frequencies (500–8000 Hz). Study 2 assessed the intra- and inter-session test-retest threshold reliability in a separate group of 50 adult subjects. The ETSPL values for the consumer IE deviated from the reference values for audiometric IEs, with the largest differences (7–9 dB) observed at 500 Hz across ear tips. This is likely related to shallow tip insertions. However, test-retest threshold variations were comparable to those reported for audiometric transducers. Ear tip-specific corrections to the reference thresholds in the standards are required for calibration of consumer IEs used in low-cost audiometry when their ear tips only allow superficial insertion into the ear canal.
An introduction to PIDs and Make Data Count: The role of persistent identifiers in supporting visibility & evaluation of open data
Creators: name: Puebla, Iratxe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Persistent identifiers
PIDs
Open data
FAIR
Data metrics
Data citations

description: Presentation about persistent identifiers and the Make Data Count initiative as part of the webinar 'Driving Discoveries Through Strategic Research Data Management' hosted by the Information and Library Network (INFLIBNET) Centre.
Revisiting the Local Interstellar Radiation Field using Gaia DR3
Creators: name: Bianchi, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: Dust grains in the interstellar medium are heated by the integrated radiation from stars in the Milky Way. A knowledge of the Local Interstellar Radiation Field (LISRF) is thus necessary to interpret observations of dust emission in the infrared and constrain (some of) the properties of interstellar grains. The LISRF representation most widely used in dust modelling still dates back to the seminal works of Mezger et al. (1982) and Mathis et al. (1983). Aims: A new version of the LISRF is presented, starting from the photometry of the Gaia Data Release 3 (DR3) and revisiting available data, among which observations from the Pioneer 10 and 11 probes. Methods: The LISRF contribution by direct starlight is estimated in the Gaia bands by summing fluxes of all stars in DR3; the LISRF is extrapolated from the optical to the ultraviolet and near-infrared, using the astrophysical parameters provided by DR3 for a subsample of Gaia stars; the correlation between dust emission at 100 um and residual diffuse emission in the Pioneer and other available maps is exploited to derive the contribution of dust-scattered starlight to the LISRF. Results: The new LISRF is significantly redder and emits ~30% more energy than the old model. The old LISRF is almost a factor two lower in the near-infrared, while in the optical it accounts only for direct starlight. For |b|<50 degree, diffuse starlight contributes on average to ~25% of the total radiation, 3x more than what predicted by literature estimates at high Galactic latitude. Conclusions: The new LISRF can modify the predicted mid-infrared dust emission beyond the uncertainties normally assumed between dust models and observational constraints; these differences should be taken into account to redefine the properties of small grains and of the carriers of the mid-infrared emission bands.
description: 23 pages, 18 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
PEWDD: A database of white dwarfs enriched by exo-planetary material
Creators: name: Williams, Jamie
name: Gaensicke, Boris
name: Swan, Andrew
name: O'Brien, Mairi
name: Izquierdo, Paula
name: Cutolo, Anna-Maria
name: Cunningham, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the Planetary Enriched White Dwarf Database (PEWDD), a collection of published photospheric abundances of white dwarfs accreting planetary debris alongside additional information relevant to metal-enrichment and the presence of infrared excesses, emission lines, and binary companions. PEWDD contains at the time of publishing information on 1739 white dwarfs and will be kept up-to-date with information from new publications. A total of 24 photospheric metals are recorded and are linked to accretion of exo-planetary material. The overall properties of metal-enriched white dwarfs are severely affected by observational selection effects; in particular we find that what metals are detectable strongly correlates with the effective temperature. By considering metal-enriched white dwarfs which have abundances measured by different methods, we find a spread that is comparable with the often quoted ad-hoc estimated abundance uncertainties, i.e. ~0.1-0.2dex. We draw attention to a dichotomy in the median accretion rates for metal-enriched H- and He-dominated white dwarfs, with M_{acc, H} = 7.7e7g/s and M_{acc, He} = 8.7e8g/s when extrapolating bulk compositions from bulk Earth Ca abundance. We identify 40 metal-enriched white dwarfs in binary systems and find evidence that enrichment is suppressed by binary companions within 200au.
description: 19 pages, 13 figures, 2 tables + appendix. Accepted for publication in A&A
Aphis eugeniae van der Goot 1917
Creators: name: Hassan, Muhammad Asghar
name: Asif, Muhammad
name: Chakrabarti, Samiran
name: Amin, Muhammad
name: Abbas, Zohair
name: Maryam, Zershina
name: Iqbal, Zafar
name: Ali, Muhammad
name: Qasim, Muhammad
name: Bashir, Nawaz Haider
name: Ali, Muhammad Yasir
name: Xing, Jichun
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Aphididae
Aphis
Aphis eugeniae

description: 11. Aphis eugeniae van der Goot, 1917
Host plants
Aralia cordata Thunb. (Araliaceae), Eriobotrya japonica, Pyrus sp. (Rosaceae).
Distribution in Pakistan
PB: Islamabad Capital, Sargodha; SD: Karachi (Naumann-Etienne & Remaudière 1995; Nakatani et al. 2016; Naseem et al. 2019; Riaz et al. 2022).
description: Published as part of Hassan, Muhammad Asghar, Asif, Muhammad, Chakrabarti, Samiran, Amin, Muhammad, Abbas, Zohair, Maryam, Zershina, Iqbal, Zafar, Ali, Muhammad, Qasim, Muhammad, Bashir, Nawaz Haider, Ali, Muhammad Yasir & Xing, Jichun, 2024, A comprehensive checklist and host plants of Aphididae (Aphidomorpha: Hemiptera) from Pakistan, pp. 1-114 in European Journal of Taxonomy 945 on page 7, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2024.945.2613, http://zenodo.org/record/13177348
Comparison of three calibration procedures for free-field reference speech audiometry
Creators: name: de Vaate, Mieke Janssens-bij
name: Rhebergen, Koenraad S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Medicine
Neuroscience
Biotechnology
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: In standards IEC 60645-1 and ANSI S3.6, the free-field equivalent earphone output level method is assumed as the reference for speech audiometry. Three calibration procedures for this method were compared in this study. Speech audiometry was conducted with Dutch consonant-vowel-consonant words for the following conditions: 1. TDH39 earphones, 2. loudspeaker, and 3. free-field simulated with TDH39 earphones. The first calibration procedure was based on the empirically determined difference between the speech recognition threshold (SRT) with earphones and a loudspeaker. The second procedure was based on the theoretical free-field correction, derived from the known speech spectrum and the free-field to coupler difference. The third calibration procedure corresponded to the results of the free-field simulated speech material under earphones. The sample included 20 normal hearing subjects. The differences between the observed SRT in the free-field and earphone conditions and the free-field and simulated free-field conditions were 7.1 dB and 0.6 dB, respectively. The three calibration procedures for the free-field equivalent output method yielded approximately the same results, and therefore all appear to be useful for TDH39 earphones.
Capabilities, opportunities and motivations of staff to provide hearing support to long-term care home residents with dementia
Creators: name: Cross, Hannah
name: Armitage, Christopher J.
name: Dawes, Piers
name: Leroi, Iracema
name: Millman, Rebecca E.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Many long-term care home (LTCH) residents have dementia and hearing loss, causing communication difficulties and agitation. Residents rely on staff for hearing support, but provision is often inconsistent. This study used the Behaviour Change Wheel’s Capability, Opportunity and Motivation model to understand why LTCH staff do or do not, provide hearing support to residents with dementia who they believe could benefit from it. An online survey exploring hearing support provision, capabilities, opportunities, motivations and demographics. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, within-participants ANOVA and multiple linear regression. 165 LTCH staff. Staff provided hearing support to 50% of residents with dementia who they thought would benefit. Self-reported physical and psychological capabilities (skills/knowledge) were significantly higher than physical opportunity (having time/resources). The physical capability was significantly higher than social opportunity (collaborative working) and reflective motivation (feeling motivated). Lower levels of hearing support provision were predicted by LTCH funding (private vs. local authority), job role (care assistant vs. nurse) and fewer physical opportunities. Boosting capabilities through training alone may not be as effective as increasing opportunities via environmental restructuring. Opportunities may include strengthening working relationships with audiologists and ensuring hearing and communication aids are available within LTCHs.
Экспериментальное уточнение максвеллоподобных уравнений гравитации
Creators: name: Solomon, Khmelnik
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012

description: Рассматриваются максвеллоподобные уравнения гравитации и эксперименты Самохвалова. Отмечается, что наблюдаемые эффекты настолько значительны, что для их объяснения в рамках указанных максвеллоподобных уравнений гравитации необходимо дополнить эти уравнения некоторым эмпирическим коэффициентом, который можно назвать гравитационной проницаемостью среды. Далее показывается, что при таком дополнении результаты экспериментов хорошо согласуются с модифицированными таким образом уравнениями гравитации. Дается грубая оценка величины этого коэффициента. Рассматриваются некоторые следствия из указанных уравнений, в частности, гравитационное возбуждение электрического тока, воздействие гравитомагнитной индукции на электрический ток. Указываются некоторые феномены, которые могут быть объяснены с привлечением указанных уравнений.
A Multi-objective Optimization Benchmark Test Suite for Real-time Semantic Segmentation
Creators: name: Zhao, Yifan
name: Liang, Zhenyu
name: Lu, Zhichao
name: Cheng, Ran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As one of the emerging challenges in Automated Machine Learning, the Hardware-aware Neural Architecture Search (HW-NAS) tasks can be treated as black-box multi-objective optimization problems (MOPs). An important application of HW-NAS is real-time semantic segmentation, which plays a pivotal role in autonomous driving scenarios. The HW-NAS for real-time semantic segmentation inherently needs to balance multiple optimization objectives, including model accuracy, inference speed, and hardware-specific considerations. Despite its importance, benchmarks have yet to be developed to frame such a challenging task as multi-objective optimization. To bridge the gap, we introduce a tailored streamline to transform the task of HW-NAS for real-time semantic segmentation into standard MOPs. Building upon the streamline, we present a benchmark test suite, CitySeg/MOP, comprising fifteen MOPs derived from the Cityscapes dataset. The CitySeg/MOP test suite is integrated into the EvoXBench platform to provide seamless interfaces with various programming languages (e.g., Python and MATLAB) for instant fitness evaluations. We comprehensively assessed the CitySeg/MOP test suite on various multi-objective evolutionary algorithms, showcasing its versatility and practicality. Source codes are available at https://github.com/EMI-Group/evoxbench.
description: GECCO 2024
GGOS: Ensuring a Coherent Earth Observation System
Creators: name: Sanchez, Laura
name: Pearlman, Michael
name: Angermann, Detlef
name: Sehnal, Martin
name: Gruber, Thomas
name: Soja, Benedikt
name: Riddell, Anna
name: Elger, Kirsten
name: Gross, Richard
name: Heki, Kosuke
name: Ferrandiz, Jose M.
name: Schmidt, Michael
name: Melbourne, Timothy
name: Craddock, Allison
name: Miyahara, Basara
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024

description: The Global Geodetic Observing System (GGOS) is the response of the international geodetic community, organised under the umbrella of the International Association of Geodesy (IAG), to the need to monitor changes in the Earth system continuously. GGOS is Geodesy’s contribution to the Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) by providing the reference frames needed for all position-dependent observations, thus the foundation for most Earth observations, and measuring changes in the Earth's shape, size, gravity field and rotation over time and space. GGOS is built on the Scientific Services of the IAG (IGS, IVS, ILRS, IDS, IERS, IGFS, ISG, PSMSL, IGETS, IDEMS, ICGEM, BGI) and the products they derive on an operational basis for Earth monitoring using space- and ground-based geodetic techniques. A key objective of GGOS is to realise an integrating framework that moves from the provision of technique-specific products to a level of combined, integrated products as the basis for a consistent modelling and interpretation of Earth system processes and interactions. This is necessary to ensure a coherent Earth monitoring system that contributes significantly to a better understanding of global change and its impacts on the environment and society. This is being achieved through strong international and multidisciplinary cooperation, focusing on (1) bringing together different geodetic observing techniques, services and analysis methods to guarantee that the same standards, conventions, models and parameters are used in all data analysis and modelling of Earth system processes; (2) combining geometric, gravimetric, and Earth rotation observations in data analysis and data assimilation to jointly estimate and model all necessary parameters representing the different elements of the Earth system; (3) identifying science and societal needs that can be addressed by (new) geodetic products and define the requirements for accuracy, time resolution, and consistency of these products; (4) identifying service gaps and developing strategies to fill them; and (5) promoting and enhancing the visibility of Geodesy by improving the accessibility of geodetic observations, information and products to the widest range of users and their attribution. This contribution summarises recent achievements, ongoing activities, and main challenges for the near future.
description: EGUsphere
Magnetohydrodynamic simulations of A-type stars: Long-term evolution of core dynamo cycles
Creators: name: Hidalgo, J. P.
name: Käpylä, P. J.
name: Schleicher, D. R. G
name: Ortiz-Rodríguez, C. A.
name: Navarrete, F. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Early-type stars have convective cores due to a steep temperature gradient produced by the CNO cycle. These cores can host dynamos, and the generated magnetic fields can be relevant to explain the magnetism observed in Ap/Bp stars. Our main objective is to characterise the convective core dynamos and differential rotation, and to do the first quantitative analysis of the relation between magnetic activity cycle and rotation period. We use numerical 3D star-in-a-box simulations of a $2.2~M_\odot$ A-type star with a convective core of roughly $20\%$ of the stellar radius surrounded by a radiative envelope. Rotation rates from 8 to 20 days are explored. We use two models of the entire star, and an additional zoom set, where $50\%$ of the radius is retained. The simulations produce hemispheric core dynamos with cycles and typical magnetic field strengths around 60 kG. However, only a very small fraction of the magnetic energy is able to reach the surface. The cores have solar-like differential rotation, and a substantial part of the radiative envelope has quasi-rigid rotation. In the most rapidly rotating cases the magnetic energy in the core is roughly 40\% of the kinetic energy. Finally, we find that the magnetic cycle period $P_\mathrm{cyc}$ increases with decreasing the rotation period $P_\mathrm{rot}$ which is also observed in many simulations of solar-type stars. Our simulations indicate that a strong hemispherical core dynamo arises routinely, but that it is not enough the explain the surface magnetism of Ap/Bp stars. Nevertheless, as the core dynamo produces dynamically relevant magnetic fields it should not be neglected when other mechanisms are explored.
description: Article accepted for publication in A&A