cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Upper limits on electric dipole moments of tau-lepton, heavy quarks, and W-boson
Creators: name: Grozin, A. G.
name: Khriplovich, I. B.
name: Rudenko, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss upper limits on the electric dipole moments (EDM) of the tau-lepton, heavy quarks, and W-boson, which follow from the precision measurements of the electron and neutron EDM.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures; misprint corrected, results do not change
Estonia: In and Out of Crisis
Creators: name: Trasberg, Viktor
Publisher: name: MATTIMAR OÜ
Year: 2012
Subjects: Estonia; fiscal policy; monetary policy; taxation; budget; deficit; government expenditures and revenue

description: The paper analyses Estonian economic developments during the first decade of 21st century. Estonia provided in that period a clear-cut example of the classical business cycle with an extreme bubble-burst sequence of economic activities. The author analyses the reasons on such a volatile economic growth pattern and explains economic cycle management particularities in Estonia. In the frames of macroeconomic developments will be analyzed monetary and fiscal policies. The author argues, that Estonia’s fiscal policy has been always pro-cyclical, what has deepened country’s macroeconomic volatility. The paper also analyses critically the government activities and policies during the recent crisis
description: Estonian Discussions on Economic Policy, Vol 20, No 1 (2012)
Continuum and lattice heat currents for oscillator chains
Creators: name: Narayan, Onuttom
name: Young, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that two commonly used definitions for the heat current give different results--through the Kubo formula--for the heat conductivity of oscillator chains. The difference exists for finite chains, and is expected to be important more generally for small structures. For a chain of N particles that are tethered at the ends, the ratio of the heat conductivities calculated with the two currents differs from unity by O(1/N). For a chain held at constant pressure, the difference from unity decays more slowly, and is consistent with O(1/N^eta) with 1 > eta > 0.5.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
The two-dimensional frustrated Heisenberg model on the orthorhombic lattice
Creators: name: Schmidt, Burkhard
name: Siahatgar, Mohammad
name: Thalmeier, Peter
name: Tsirlin, Alexander A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss new high-field magnetization data recently obtained by Tsirlin et al. for layered vanadium phosphates in the framework of the square-lattice model. Our predictions for the saturation fields compare exceptionally well to the experimental findings, and the strong bending of the curves below saturation agrees very well with the experimental field dependence. Furthermore we discuss the remarkably good agreement of the frustrated Heisenberg model on the square lattice in spite of the fact that the compounds described with this model actually have a lower crystallographic symmetry. We present results from our calculations on the thermodynamics of the model on the orthorhombic (i.e., rectangular) lattice, in particular the temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility. This analysis also sheds light on the discussion of magnetic frustration and anisotropy of a class of iron pnictide parent compounds, where several alternative suggestions for the magnetic exchange models were proposed.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Journal of Physics: Conference Series
Effective interactions and melting of a one dimensional defect lattice within a two-dimensional confined colloidal solid
Creators: name: Chui, Yu-Hang
name: Sengupta, Surajit
name: Snook, Ian K.
name: Binder, Kurt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report Monte Carlo studies of a two-dimensional soft colloidal crystal confined in a strip geometry by parallel walls. The wall-particle interaction has corrugations along the length of the strip. Compressing the crystal by decreasing the distance between the walls induces a structural transition characterized by the sudden appearance of a one-dimensional array of extended defects each of which span several lattice parameters, a "soliton staircase". We obtain the effective interaction between these defects. A Lindemann criterion shows that the reduction of dimensionality causes a finite periodic chain of these defects to readily melt as the temperature is raised. We discuss possible experimental realizations and speculate on potential applications.
description: 4 pages 5 embedded figures
Gapless dynamic magnetic ground state in the charge-gapped trimer iridate Ba$_4$NbIr$_3$O$_{12}$
Creators: name: Bandyopadhyay, Abhisek
name: Lee, S.
name: Adroja, D. T.
name: Lees, M. R.
name: Stenning, G. B. G.
name: Aich, P.
name: Tortora, Luca
name: Meneghini, C.
name: Cibin, G.
name: Berlie, Adam
name: Saha, R. A.
name: Takegami, D.
name: Melendez-Sans, A.
name: Poelchen, G.
name: Yoshimura, M.
name: Tsuei, K. D.
name: Hu, Z.
name: Chan, Ting-Shan
name: Chattopadhyay, S.
name: Thakur, G. S.
name: Choi, Kwang-Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an experimental investigation of the magnetic ground state in Ba$_4$NbIr$_3$O$_{12}$, a fractional valent trimer iridate. X-ray absorption and photoemission spectroscopy show that the Ir valence lies between 3+ and 4+ while Nb is pentavalent. Combined dc/ac magnetization, specific heat, and muon spin rotation/relaxation ($μ$SR) measurements reveal no magnetic phase transition down to 0.05~K. Despite a significant Weiss temperature ($Θ_{\mathrm{W}} \sim -15$ to $-25$~K) indicating antiferromagnetic correlations, a quantum spin-liquid (QSL) phase emerges and persists down to 0.1~K. This state likely arises from geometric frustration in the edge-sharing equilateral triangle Ir network. Our $μ$SR analysis reveals a two-component depolarization, arising from the coexistence of rapidly (90\%) and slowly (10\%) fluctuating Ir moments. Powder x-ray diffraction and Ir-L$_3$edge x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy identify ~8-10\% Nb/Ir site-exchange, reducing frustration within part of the Ir network, and likely leading to the faster muon spin relaxation, while the structurally ordered Ir ions remain highly geometrically frustrated, giving rise to the rapidly spin-fluctuating QSL ground state. At low temperatures, the magnetic specific heat varies as $γT + αT^2$, indicating gapless spinon excitations, and possible Dirac QSL features with linear spinon dispersion, respectively.
description: 27 pages, 15 figures
Brownian motion on Lie groups and open quantum systems
Creators: name: Aniello, P.
name: Kossakowski, A.
name: Marmo, G.
name: Ventriglia, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the twirling semigroups of (super)operators, namely, certain quantum dynamical semigroups that are associated, in a natural way, with the pairs formed by a projective representation of a locally compact group and a convolution semigroup of probability measures on this group. The link connecting this class of semigroups of operators with (classical) Brownian motion is clarified. It turns out that every twirling semigroup associated with a finite-dimensional representation is a random unitary semigroup, and, conversely, every random unitary semigroup arises as a twirling semigroup. Using standard tools of the theory of convolution semigroups of measures and of convex analysis, we provide a complete characterization of the infinitesimal generator of a twirling semigroup associated with a finite-dimensional unitary representation of a Lie group.
description: 32 pages
Papua New Guinea at 40: Signs of a New Political Culture?
Creators: name: Claxton, Karl
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT : Coral Bell School of Asia Pacific Affairs, College of Asia and the Pacific, The Australian National University
Year: 2015

description: In April, Papua New Guinea's (PNG's) Registrar of Political Parties, Dr Alphonse Gelu, suggested that current political stability points to ' the emergence of a new political culture ' changing the face of politics for the better (Kenneth 17/4/15, 2). It's tempting to dismiss that comment as political puff; Gelu wasn't speaking as a scholar but as an official supporting a Bill to reinvigorate the Organic Law on the Integrity of Political Parties and Candidates (OLIP PAC). Many familiar features of PNG politics clearly remain. But, given Gelu's expertise, and the strange mix of sure-footed and wobbly moves by Prime Minis ter Peter O'Neill's government since the 2012 election, it's worth giving the proposition serious consideration.
Some aspects of natural products chemistry
Creators: name: Yalpani, Mohamed
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: In part I of this thesis are described some studies toward the total synthesis of tetracycline. Attempts to transform the key aromatic compounds, terrarubein and 6-methylpretetramid into actual or hypothetical biosynthetic intermediates, failed to yield useful non-aromatic products. However, several of the transformations further along the route have been achieved. Thus, the conversion of 12a-deoxy-5a,6-anhydrotetracycline into 7-chloro-5a,6-anhydrotetracycline was successfully carried out. In a different approach it was attempted to convert the synthetic tetracycline derivative 7-chloro-4-dedimethylamino-5a,6-anhydrotetracycline to 7-chloro-5a,6-anhydrotetracycline via a series of bromination-aminatipn experiments. Chromatographic evidence is presented for the formation, in trace amounts, of 7-chloro-5a,6-anhydro-4-epi-tetracycline. Part II is concerned with the study of the possible precursor activity of triacetic acid lactone, a potential polyketomethylene chain intermediate in the biosynthesis of aromatic compounds. (3,5-¹⁴ C) Triacetic acid lactone was fed to P. patulum and labelled griseofulvin was isolated and degraded. It was found that radioactivity is incorporated into griseofulvin a non-specific way. In one strain of the mould used two new metabolites were found as a result of the addition of triacetic acid lactone. Addition of triacetic acid lactone to the mould also causes an unexplained enhancement of metabolite formation.
White Clinical Psychologists, Race and Racism
Creators: name: Ong, Leanna
Publisher: name: University of East London
Year: 2021

description: Racism within the UK remains structurally embedded in the fabric of society. The history of colonisation and race science, and current socio-political climate, influence how Clinical Psychologists are trained, how mental health services are structured, and how racialised individuals are ‘treated’ when accessing therapy. It is well known that racism is a contributing factor to distress and mental health difficulties yet there is very little research examining how racism is talked about in therapy. Whiteness enables power and privilege to dominate, to the detriment of racialised individuals, and exists as an invisible norm. With this in mind, the researcher was interested in the experiences of white clinical psychologists talking about race and racism in therapy. This study interviewed fifteen self-identified white clinical psychologists about their experiences of talking about race and racism within therapy. Interviews probed participants on what hindered and facilitated these experiences. Thematic analysis from a critical realist perspective identified three overarching themes, each with their own subthemes: ‘I’m not a racist, even when I get it wrong’ (‘managing feelings of unease’, ‘certainty in audience’, ‘what my whiteness does’) ‘Proximity to racism’ (‘easier to do nothing’ ‘integral to clinical psychologist’s role’) and ‘Commitment: “anti-racism is a lifelong journey” ’ (‘holding the power for change’, ‘stuckness: don’t stop there’). Experiences were influenced by supervisory relationships, team dynamics, participant’s DClinPsy training, and personal values and upbringing. The findings were linked to previous research on whiteness, power and talking about race within other therapy professionals and discussed in relation to Ryde’s White Awareness Model (2009). Recommendations for training, clinical practice and policy were made, and the researcher concluded by signposting to anti-racism resources and a call to action for clinical psychologists.
PESCO: Prompt-enhanced Self Contrastive Learning for Zero-shot Text Classification
Creators: name: Wang, Yau-Shian
name: Chi, Ta-Chung
name: Zhang, Ruohong
name: Yang, Yiming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present PESCO, a novel contrastive learning framework that substantially improves the performance of zero-shot text classification. We formulate text classification as a neural text matching problem where each document is treated as a query, and the system learns the mapping from each query to the relevant class labels by (1) adding prompts to enhance label matching, and (2) using retrieved labels to enrich the training set in a self-training loop of contrastive learning. PESCO achieves state-of-the-art performance on four benchmark text classification datasets. On DBpedia, we achieve 98.5\% accuracy without any labeled data, which is close to the fully-supervised result. Extensive experiments and analyses show all the components of PESCO are necessary for improving the performance of zero-shot text classification.
description: accepted by ACL 2023
Metal-Insulator Transition and Orbital Order in PbRuO3
Creators: name: Kimber, S. A. J.
name: Rodgers, J. A.
name: Wu, H.
name: Murray, C. A.
name: Argyriou, D. N.
name: Fitch, A. N.
name: Khomskii, D. I.
name: Attfield, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anomalous low temperature electronic and structural behaviour has been discovered in PbRuO3. The structure (space group Pnma, a = 5.56314(1), b = 7.86468(1), c = 5.61430(1) A) and metallic conductivity at 290 K are similar to those of SrRuO3 and other ruthenate perovskites, but a sharp metal-insulator transition at which the resistivity increases by four orders of magnitude is discovered at 90 K. This is accompanied by a first order structural transition to an Imma phase (a = 5.56962(1), b = 7.74550(1), c = 5.66208(1) A at 25 K) that shows a coupling of Ru4+ 4d orbital order to distortions from Pb2+ 6s6p orbital hybridization. The Pnma to Imma transition is an unconventional reversal of the group-subgroup symmetry relationship. No long range magnetic order is evident down to 1.5 K. Electronic structure calculations show that hybridization of Pb 6s6p and Ru 4d orbitals and strong spin-orbit coupling stabilise this previously hidden ground state for ruthenate perovskites
Pseudo-Dirac Neutrinos and Relic Neutrino Matter Effect on the High-energy Neutrino Flavor Composition
Creators: name: Dev, P. S. Bhupal
name: Machado, Pedro A. N.
name: Martinez-Soler, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that if neutrinos are pseudo-Dirac, they can potentially affect the flavor ratio predictions for the high-energy astrophysical neutrino flux observed by IceCube. In this context, we point out a novel matter effect induced by the cosmic neutrino background (C$ν$B) on the flavor ratio composition. Specifically, the active-sterile neutrino oscillations over the astrophysical baseline lead to an energy-dependent flavor ratio at Earth due to the C$ν$B matter effect, which is in principle distinguishable from the vacuum oscillation effect, provided there is an asymmetry between the neutrino and antineutrino number densities, as well as a local C$ν$B overdensity. Considering the projected precision of the 3-neutrino oscillation parameter measurements and improved flavor triangle measurements, we show that the next-generation neutrino telescopes, such as KM3NeT and IceCube-Gen2, can in principle probe the pseudo-Dirac neutrino hypothesis and the C$ν$B matter effect.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures; matches published version
20 ANOS DE PESQUISAS SOBRE COLETA SELETIVA NO BRASIL: UMA ANÁLISE BIBLIOMÉTRICA
Creators: name: Baêta, Darlene Gomes
name: Pinto2, Anderson Moreira
name: Silva, Joysinett Moraes da
name: Guabiroba, Ricardo César da Silva
name: Jacobi, Pedro Roberto
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Environmental Science

description: The aim of this paper was to characterize the profile of scientific production dealing with selective collection in Brazil, as defined by Law 12,305, which in 2010 instituted the National Solid Waste Policy. Based on a bibliometric study in the Spell database - Scientific Periodicals Electronic Library, in the period 2001-2020, 150 articles were identified. Through the research, it was possible to verify that: (i) the first and second decade had, respectively, 33 and 117 publications; (ii) the works analyzed are predominantly of applied purpose, in the Southeast and South regions of Brazil; and (iii) these studies predominantly employ the case study as a research method and have an applied purpose. The second decade of the study (2011-2020), which corresponds to the period in which Law 12,305/10 was already in force, was the period with the most publications, covering 78% of the total works. This demonstrates that the establishment of a specific regulatory framework may have encouraged work in this area. It was also identified the need for greater attention from academia with the development of studies aimed at supporting the implementation of municipal policies for selective collection in North, Northeast and Midwest Brazilian regions. Finally, when evaluating the application addressed in the studies, the multidisciplinary nature of the topic is also observed. This demonstrates that the problems associated with selective collection systems are complex and, in order to be solved, there is a need for knowledge from different areas with combined, cooperative and integrated actions.
The authority of the Church in temporal matters :two addresses given by the Holy Father to the Cardinals, Archbishops and Bishops present in Rome (1) for the canonization of St. Pius X on May 31, 1954 and (2) for ceremonies in honor of Our Lady on November 2, 1954.
Creators: name: Catholic Church. Pope (1939-1958 : Pius XII)
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2023

description:
 Cover title.
 Si diligis.
 Magnificate dominum.
Exchange enhanced switching by alternating fields in quantum antiferromagnets
Creators: name: Khudoyberdiev, Asliddin
name: Uhrig, Götz S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Information can be stored magnetically in antiferromagnets ultrafast since their characteristic times are on the picosecond scale. Various spin torques have proven to be important for efficient and high-speed magnetic memories. So far, this has been understood on the classical level by solving the equations of motion for macrospins describing the collective motion of the sublattice magnetizations. Since spins and hence magnetizations are deeply rooted in quantum mechanics, we show that the exchange enhanced manipulation of sublattice magnetizations extends to quantum antiferromagnets as well. To this end, we solve the time-dependent mean-field equations for Schwinger boson theory under external alternating magnetic fields. Exchange enhancement persists on the quantum level which includes dephasing effects. Significantly lower fields are sufficient to control the sublattice magnetization than for uniform fields which holds great promises for the realization of ultrafast magnetic storage devices.
description: 9 pages, 16 figures
Stability diagrams for Landau damping
Creators: name: Berg, J.S.
Publisher: name: CERN Yellow Reports: Conference Proceedings
Year: 2020

description: Stability diagrams allow one to determine whether a system is stable due to the presence of incoherent tune spread in a beam, a phenomenon known as Landau damping. This paper presents an overview of the mathematical foundations that underpin stability diagrams. I first describe stability diagrams as a mapping between two complex planes: the space of eigenvalues of the underlying Vlasov equation, and a space that can most easily be described as the product of beam current and an effective impedance. I go on to describe the circumstances when the Vlasov description of impedance-driven instabilities can or can not be formulated to construct a stability diagram. Finally I outline how this is applied to impedance-driven collective effects in particle accelerators.
description: CERN Yellow Reports: Conference Proceedings, Vol. 9 (2020): Proceedings of the ICFA mini-Workshop on Mitigation of Coherent Beam Instabilities in Particle Accelerators, Zermatt, Switzerland, 23–27 September 2019
Measuring magnetic profiles at manganite surfaces with monolayer resolution
Creators: name: Verna, A.
name: Davidson, B. A.
name: Szeto, Y.
name: Petrov, A. Yu.
name: Mirone, A.
name: Giglia, A.
name: Mahne, N.
name: Nannarone, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The performance of manganite-based magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) has suffered from reduced magnetization present at the junction interfaces that is ultimately responsible for the spin polarization of injected currents; this behavior has been attributed to a magnetic "dead layer" that typically extends a few unit cells into the manganite. X-ray magnetic scattering in resonant conditions (XRMS) is one of the most innovative and effective techniques to extract surface or interfacial magnetization profiles with subnanometer resolution, and has only recently been applied to oxide heterostructures. Here we present our approach to characterizing the surface and interfacial magnetization of such heterostructures using the XRMS technique, conducted at the BEAR beamline (Elettra synchrotron, Trieste). Measurements were carried out in specular reflectivity geometry, switching the left/right elliptical polarization of light as well the magnetization direction in the scattering plane. Spectra were collected across the Mn L2,3 edge for at least four different grazing angles in order to better analyse the interference phenomena. The resulting reflectivity spectra have been carefully fit to obtain the magnetization profiles, minimizing the number of free parameters as much as possible. Optical constants of the samples (real and imaginary part of the refractive index) in the interested frequency range are obtained through absorption measurements in two magnetization states and subsequent Kramers-Kronig transformation, allowing quantitative fits of the magnetization profile at different temperatures. We apply this method to the study of air-exposed surfaces of epitaxial La2/3Sr1/3MnO3 (001) films grown on SrTiO3 (001) substrates.
description: 11 pages + 3 figures; accepted to JMMM (2009)
Operational experience of beam stability control
Creators: name: Steerenberg, R.
Publisher: name: CERN Yellow Reports: Conference Proceedings
Year: 2020

description: The CERN accelerator complex, as well as other accelerator facilities world-wide, produce a large variety of particle beams for use in experiments. The beam quality is of prime importance and can be characterised by many parameters, such as beam or bunch intensity, longitudinal and transverse beam size, time structure, etc. Certain combinations of these beam parameters, along with the machine characteristics such as impedance, can lead to challenging configurations that can drive the particle beams unstable, potentially leading to degradation of the beam quality and particle losses around the circumference of the accelerator. These losses result in activation of the accelerator components and therefore prolong the cooldown time to allow for hands-on preventive and corrective maintenance, hence reducing the beam time available for physics. Beam stability control is therefore of major importance for the operation of accelerators and can be obtained through distinct means for different accelerators and beam characteristics. This paper outlines the principal operational instability observations and mitigations applied for the CERN accelerator complex, complemented with approaches used in some other accelerator laboratories around the world. An attempt is made to illustrate the interplay between the beam dynamics experts and the operations teams.
description: CERN Yellow Reports: Conference Proceedings, Vol. 9 (2020): Proceedings of the ICFA mini-Workshop on Mitigation of Coherent Beam Instabilities in Particle Accelerators, Zermatt, Switzerland, 23–27 September 2019
Additional file 1: of CircFAT1 sponges miR-375 to promote the expression of Yes-associated protein 1 in osteosarcoma cells
Creators: name: Liu, Gang
name: Huang, Kangmao
name: Jie, Zhiwei
name: Wu, Yizheng
name: Chen, Junxin
name: Chen, Zizheng
name: Fang, Xiangqian
name: Shen, Shuying
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Hematology

description: Supplementary materials and methods. (DOCX 19 kb)
Semifinite von Neumann algebras in gauge theory and gravity
Creators: name: Ahmad, Shadi Ali
name: Klinger, Marc S.
name: Lin, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: von Neumann algebras have been playing an increasingly important role in the context of gauge theories and gravity. The crossed product presents a natural method for implementing constraints through the commutation theorem, rendering it a useful tool for constructing gauge invariant algebras. The crossed product of a Type III algebra with its modular automorphism group is semifinite, which means that the crossed product regulates divergences in local quantum field theories. In this letter, we find a sufficient condition for the semifiniteness of the crossed product of a type III algebra with any locally compact group containing the modular automorphism group. Our condition surprisingly implies the centrality of the modular flow in the symmetry group, and we provide evidence for the necessity of this condition. Under these conditions, we construct an associated trace which computes physical expectation values. We comment on the importance of this result and and its implications for subregion physics in gauge theory and gravity.
description: v2: 7+6 pages, updated to match published version
Review of instabilities with beam-beam effects and possible mitigations
Creators: name: Pieloni, T.
Publisher: name: CERN Yellow Reports: Conference Proceedings
Year: 2020

description: In circular colliders the two counter rotating beams interact electromagnetically at various locations along the ring, where sharing a common beam pipe, and at the interaction regions via the so called beam-beam force. These interactions are of different nature, long-range or head-on and they represent a very important non-linear force acting on the particle beams. When mitigating impedance driven instabilities the impact of beam-beam effects has to be accounted for, since these effects change many of the optical properties and particle dynamics with very important impacts to the stability conditions. Since the beam-beam force can change single particle properties as well as coherent beam oscillations they need to be added in all their aspects to the study of mitigation methods for coherent impedance driven instabilities. The beam-beam effects can help mitigating but can be detrimental in enhancing the coherent motion. Several observations from past colliders have shown the impact of beam-beam effects on beam stability but more recently the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has given the possibility to experimentally probe the impact of these interactions on the beam stability due to the constant appearance of instabilities. A very dense experimental and theoretical campaign has been motivated to better understand their role in the instability picture. In this paper the main contributions to beam stability and mitigations coming from beam-beam effects are explained with direct observations and experimental evidences from the LHC. The challenges arising from the higher energy reach of future colliders has also boosted at a study level the development of alternative mitigating methods and a new strategy for the design of future accelerators with conventional mitigation techniques.
description: CERN Yellow Reports: Conference Proceedings, Vol. 9 (2020): Proceedings of the ICFA mini-Workshop on Mitigation of Coherent Beam Instabilities in Particle Accelerators, Zermatt, Switzerland, 23–27 September 2019
A comparison of estimators of mean and its functions in finite populations
Creators: name: Dey, Anurag
name: Chaudhuri, Probal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Several well known estimators of finite population mean and its functions are investigated under some standard sampling designs. Such functions of mean include the variance, the correlation coefficient and the regression coefficient in the population as special cases. We compare the performance of these estimators under different sampling designs based on their asymptotic distributions. Equivalence classes of estimators under different sampling designs are constructed so that estimators in the same class have equivalent performance in terms of asymptotic mean squared errors (MSEs). Estimators in different equivalence classes are then compared under some superpopulations satisfying linear models. It is shown that the pseudo empirical likelihood (PEML) estimator of the population mean under simple random sampling without replacement (SRSWOR) has the lowest asymptotic MSE among all the estimators under different sampling designs considered in this paper. It is also shown that for the variance, the correlation coefficient and the regression coefficient of the population, the plug-in estimators based on the PEML estimator have the lowest asymptotic MSEs among all the estimators considered in this paper under SRSWOR. On the other hand, for any high entropy $π$PS (HE$π$PS) sampling design, which uses the auxiliary information, the plug-in estimators of those parameters based on the Hájek estimator have the lowest asymptotic MSEs among all the estimators considered in this paper.
Paramagnetic limiting in ferromagnetic superconductors with triplet pairing
Creators: name: Mineev, V. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin susceptibility in the uranium ferromagnet superconductors is calculated. There is shown that the absence of superconductivity paramagnetic limitation for the field directions perpendicular to the direction of the spontaneous magnetization is explained by the itinerant ferromagnet band splitting rather than by a rotation of magnetization toward the external field direction. The qualitative description of the upper critical field temperature dependence is given.
description: 4 pages
title: Transportation Expressions
Creators: name: O'Leary, Pamela
name: Corey, Jay
name: Volpe National Transportation Systems Center
Publisher: name: Bureau of Transportation Statistics
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/05xfdey77
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1994
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/97465
subject: Definitions
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/97467
subject: Glossaries
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/97302
subject: Indexes (Information management)
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/97294
subject: Guides to information
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/87904
subject: Transportation
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/92130
subject: Transportation departments

description: This report compiles definitions of transportation terms used throughout the Department of Transportation and other US government agencies. This is the first edition of Transportation Expressions; future editions will be expanded in scope to include additional US government agencies and private transportation related agency definitions of transportation terms. The terms are organized by their common name. Each term appears in bold print, followed by its definition and the source citation. Source citations are italicized for easy readability. Specific documents, publications or databases used to compile Transportation Expressions are identified in the Source Index. Terms are cross referenced within the document and also with the Term Index. The Term Index refers the reader to all major groupings of related terms.
Optimizing Deep Reinforcement Learning for Adaptive Robotic Arm Control
Creators: name: Shianifar, Jonaid
name: Schukat, Michael
name: Mason, Karl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we explore the optimization of hyperparameters for the Soft Actor-Critic (SAC) and Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) algorithms using the Tree-structured Parzen Estimator (TPE) in the context of robotic arm control with seven Degrees of Freedom (DOF). Our results demonstrate a significant enhancement in algorithm performance, TPE improves the success rate of SAC by 10.48 percentage points and PPO by 34.28 percentage points, where models trained for 50K episodes. Furthermore, TPE enables PPO to converge to a reward within 95% of the maximum reward 76% faster than without TPE, which translates to about 40K fewer episodes of training required for optimal performance. Also, this improvement for SAC is 80% faster than without TPE. This study underscores the impact of advanced hyperparameter optimization on the efficiency and success of deep reinforcement learning algorithms in complex robotic tasks.
Magnetic and spectral studies of some polynuclear carboxylates of copper (11)
Creators: name: Lin, Yun-Chi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Magnetic susceptibility studies over the temperature range 87-330°K, on sixteen complexes of copper (11) are reported. The compounds are conveniently divided into two groups. Group I compounds (copper (11) benzoate and its monopyridine adduct, copper (11) meta-chlorobenzoate and its monopyridine and mono-p-dioxane adducts and the monopyridine and hemipyridine adducts of copper (11) para-chlorobenzoate ) possess magnetic properties expected for a binuclear system and values of the exchange integrals have been calculated, for these compounds. The group 11 compounds (the dipyrldlne adducts and the basic salts of copper (ll) benzoate, copper (11) ortho-, meta- and para-chlorobenzoate ) exhibit only weak magnetic interaction --- their magnetic susceptibilities obeying the Curie-Weiss law with small Weiss constants --- and they are considered to have polymeric structures. Copper (11) para-chlorobenzoate exhibits properties intermediate between the group I and 11 compounds. Confirmatory evidence for assigning binuclear structures to the group I compounds has been obtained from the presence, in the spectra of the group I compounds, of a band at about 400 mμ which is absent from the spectra of the group 11 compounds. Infrared spectra are reported for all the compounds studied and a partial assignment has been made.
Võlakriis Euroopa Liidus: Sissejuhatavaid mõtteid aktuaalsetest probleemidest
Creators: name: Raudjärv, Matti
name: Hennies, Manfred O.E.
Publisher: name: MATTIMAR OÜ
Year: 2012

description: Estonian Discussions on Economic Policy, Vol 20, No 1 (2012)
Jets and Measurements of alpha-s
Creators: name: Bussey, P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A survey is presented of recent measurements in jet physics, and improved determinations of the QCD coupling constant alpha_s that these have made possible.
description: 10 pages including 15 figures. To appear in the proceedings of 2008 Ringberg Workshop on New Trends in HERA Physics
Unlocking the Potential of Model Merging for Low-Resource Languages
Creators: name: Tao, Mingxu
name: Zhang, Chen
name: Huang, Quzhe
name: Ma, Tianyao
name: Huang, Songfang
name: Zhao, Dongyan
name: Feng, Yansong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Adapting large language models (LLMs) to new languages typically involves continual pre-training (CT) followed by supervised fine-tuning (SFT). However, this CT-then-SFT approach struggles with limited data in the context of low-resource languages, failing to balance language modeling and task-solving capabilities. We thus propose model merging as an alternative for low-resource languages, combining models with distinct capabilities into a single model without additional training. We use model merging to develop task-solving LLMs for low-resource languages without SFT data in the target languages. Our experiments based on Llama-2-7B demonstrate that model merging effectively endows LLMs for low-resource languages with task-solving abilities, outperforming CT-then-SFT in scenarios with extremely scarce data. Observing performance saturation in model merging with more training tokens, we further analyze the merging process and introduce a slack variable to the model merging algorithm to mitigate the loss of important parameters, thereby enhancing performance. We hope that model merging can benefit more human languages suffering from data scarcity with its higher data efficiency.
description: To appear in EMNLP2024 Findings
Võlakriis ja süsteemile loomuomane ebastabiilsus: Sissejuhatavaid mõtteid hetkeolukorrast
Creators: name: Raudjärv, Matti
name: Hennies, Manfred O.E.
Publisher: name: MATTIMAR OÜ
Year: 2013

description: Estonian Discussions on Economic Policy, Vol 20, No 2 (2012)
cosmosage: A Natural-Language Assistant for Cosmologists
Creators: name: de Haan, Tijmen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: cosmosage is a natural-language assistant intended for a wide audience, from laypersons interested in cosmology to students, teachers, and professional cosmologists. cosmosage provides a novel way to access knowledge and reason about cosmology. Leveraging the power of advanced large language models (LLMs), cosmosage has learned from a vast corpus of open-access source texts, including textbooks and papers. cosmosage is found to be state-of-the-art on the narrow task of answering questions about cosmology, outperforming all general-purpose models. The model parameters and code are publicly available.
APEX-CHAMP+ high-J CO observations of low-mass young stellar objects: II. Distribution and origin of warm molecular gas
Creators: name: van Kempen, T. A.
name: van Dishoeck, E. F.
name: Guesten, R.
name: Kristensen, L. E.
name: Schilke, P.
name: Hogerheijde, M. R.
name: Boland, W.
name: Menten, K. M.
name: Wyrowski, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin and heating mechanisms of warm (50
description: 18 pages, accepted by A&A, A version with the figures in higher quality can be found on my website: http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/~tvankemp/
Additional file 1 of Comprehensive evaluation of physiological traits under nitrogen stress and participation of linolenic acid in nitrogen-deficiency response in wheat seedlings
Creators: name: Liu, Xiaoxiao
name: Wang, Shiwen
name: Deng, Xiping
name: Zhang, Zhiyong
name: Yin, Lina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Genotype, year of release, breeding place and current commercial status of 24 wheat cultivars.
Modified Compton Effect and CMB Anisotropy
Creators: name: Sadatian, S. Davood
name: Sabouri, Amir
name: Davari, Zahra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent satellite observations have revealed significant anisotropy in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation, a phenomenon that had previously been detected but received limited attention due to its subtlety. With the advent of more precise measurements from satellites, the extent of this anisotropy has become increasingly apparent. This paper examines the CMB radiation by reviewing past research on the causes of CMB anisotropy and presents a new model to explain the observed temperature anisotropy and the anisotropy in the correlation function between temperature and E-mode polarization in the CMB radiation. The proposed model is based on a modified-generalized Compton scattering approach incorporating Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG). We begin by describing the generalized Compton scattering and then discuss the CMB radiation in the context of processes occurring at the last scattering surface. Our findings are derived from the latest observational data from the Planck satellite (2018). In our model, besides the parameters available in the Planck data for the standard model ($Λ$CDM), we introduce two novel parameters: $δ_{L}$, the density of cosmic electrons, and $M^2$, a parameter related to the modified-generalized Compton scattering effects. The results indicate that, based on the 2018 Planck data, small values were obtained for $δ_{L}$ and $M^{2}$, $δ_{L}=1.63\pm0.08(10^{-13})$ and $M^2=2.28\pm0.34(10^{-4})$, showing no significant deviation from the standard model. Moreover, increasing the values of $δ_{L}$ and $M^{2}$ leads to an increase in the range of fluctuations in the CMB temperature anisotropy power spectrum and the correlation function between temperature and E-mode polarization for multipoles $l<500$ until the first peak.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures. Minor revisions
Using ultrasonic sensor for blind and deaf persons combines voice alert and vibration properties
Creators: name: Safaa A.Mahdi
name: H.Muhsin, Asaad
name: I.Al-Mosawi, Ali
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 100599 Communications Technologies not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Persons who are blind and deaf frequently suffering when exercising the essential things of daily life, and that could put lives at risk while traveling, due to the lack of necessary equipment in our country that provides them with assistance to avoid the risk, so came the idea of ​​this research in the design and manufacturing ultrasonic sensor handheld combines the properties of sound monition and that benefit the blind and vibrating alert feature, which benefit from the experience of deafness. The sensor can detect obstacles within the designed range (150 cm) to avoid the blind person through the issuance of distinctive sound or vibration can be issued by the sense of the deaf by putting his finger on the button at the top of the device vibrate when there is a risk.
Agrarismus als Dritter Weg
Creators: name: Müller, Dietmar
name: Harre, Angela
Publisher: name: Jahrbuch für Geschichte des ländlichen Raumes
Year: 2022

description: Jahrbuch für Geschichte des ländlichen Raumes, Bd. 7 (2010): Transforming Rural Societies. Agrarian Property and Agrarianism in East Central Europe in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
Woburn Experimental Station , REPORT for 1956
Creators: name: H. H. Mann
Publisher: name: Lawes Agricultural Trust
Year: 1957
Subjects: subject: rothamsted research
valueUri: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41331872
subject: woburn experimental farm
valueUri: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41530491

description: Scanned PDF of Woburn Experimental Station , part of REPORT for 1956
UAV Formation and Resource Allocation Optimization for Communication-Assisted 3D InSAR Sensing
Creators: name: Lahmeri, Mohamed-Amine
name: Mustieles-Pérez, Víctor
name: Vossiek, Martin
name: Krieger, Gerhard
name: Schober, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we investigate joint unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) formation and resource allocation optimization for communication-assisted three-dimensional (3D) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) sensing. We consider a system consisting of two UAVs that perform bistatic interferometric SAR (InSAR) sensing for generation of a digital elevation model (DEM) and transmit the radar raw data to a ground station (GS) in real time. To account for practical 3D sensing requirements, we use non-conventional sensing performance metrics, such as the SAR interferometric coherence, i.e., the local cross-correlation between the two co-registered UAV SAR images, the point-to-point InSAR relative height error, and the height of ambiguity, which together characterize the accuracy with which the InSAR system can determine the height of ground targets. Our objective is to jointly optimize the UAV formation, speed, and communication power allocation for maximization of the InSAR coverage while satisfying energy, communication, and InSAR-specific sensing constraints. To solve the formulated non-smooth and non-convex optimization problem, we divide it into three sub-problems and propose a novel alternating optimization (AO) framework that is based on classical, monotonic, and stochastic optimization techniques. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is validated through extensive simulations and compared to several benchmark schemes. Furthermore, our simulation results highlight the impact of the UAV-GS communication link on the flying formation and sensing performance and show that the DEM of a large area of interest can be mapped and offloaded to ground successfully, while the ground topography can be estimated with centimeter-scale precision. Lastly, we demonstrate that a low UAV velocity is preferable for InSAR applications as it leads to better sensing accuracy.