cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Constraints on a tidal charge of the supermassive black hole in M87* with the EHT observations in April 2017
Creators: name: Zakharov, Alexander F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: More than two years ago the Event Horizon Telescope collaboration presented the first image reconstruction around the shadow for the supermassive black hole in M87*. It gives an opportunity to evaluate the shadow size. Recently, the Event Horizon Telescope collaboration constrained parameters ("charges") of spherical symmetrical metrics of black holes from an estimated allowed interval for shadow radius from observations of M87* in 2017. Earlier, analytical expressions for the shadow radius as a function of charge (including a tidal one) in the case of Reissner--Nordström metric have been obtained. Some time ago, Bin-Nun proposed to apply a Reissner--Nordström metric with a tidal charge as an alternative to the Schwarzschild metric in Sgr~A*. If we assume that a Reissner--Nordström black hole with a tidal charge exists in M87*, therefore, based on results of the shadow size evaluation for M87* done by the Event Horizon Telescope collaboration we constrain a tidal charge. Similarly, we evaluate a tidal charge from shadow size estimates for Sgr~A*.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure, revised according to the version published in Universe
Supplementary methods and results from Trans-generational immunization in the acrobat ant Crematogaster scutellaris.
Creators: name: Bordoni, Adele
name: Dapporto, Leonardo
name: Tatini, Irene
name: Celli, Martina
name: Bercigli, Manuel
name: Barrufet, Serena Resurreción
name: Perito, Brunella
name: Turillazzi, Stefano
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary methods for lethal dosage assessments and supplementary results
(2331) Eliza [Padgett]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Results on a Survey on Research Software Metadata in the NFDI Consortia
Creators: name: Castro, Leyla Jael
name: Ferenz, Stephan
name: Hajiabadi, Hamideh
name: Kuckertz, Patrick
name: Löbe, Matthias
name: Schmidt, Christian
name: Struck, Alexander
name: Thiery, Florian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This paper presents the results of a survey conducted by the working group on research software metadata within the NFDI (Nationale Forschungsdateninfrastruktur / National Research Data Infrastructure) to gain a better understanding of the requirements and practices for research software metadata in the different NFDI consortia. The survey consisted of four main parts: usage of research software, FAIRness of research software, state of metadata on research software, and artifacts developed to support FAIRness. The survey was distributed to representatives of the 26 NFDI consortia, with responses from 21 of them.

The survey showed that research software is primarily used for data processing, simulation, and software prototyping. Analysis scripts, libraries, stand-alone software, and web services are the most common software types. Some consortia reported that research software could be considered a research output, while others only viewed it as a supplement to traditional publications.

Proper citation of software is crucial for ensuring FAIRness. Approximately half of the domains represented by the surveyed NFDI consortia already use DOIs for citing software. Some domains had not yet fully adopted practices for documenting research software, posing challenges for both developers and users. Researchers typically search for software using generic search engines, academic papers, and community-specific marketplaces where they exist.

In respect to metadata, only a few domain-specific metadata schemas for research software were identified by the consortia, with generic metadata schemas such as Codemeta, Bioschemas, schema.org, and the Citation File Format being the most commonly mentioned. Relevant metadata elements for research software include algorithms, methods, software/hardware requirements, and tasks performed by the software.

The survey results will guide activities in the NFDI working group on research software metadata and will also be a relevant foundation for the base service nfdi.software.
Robust Two-Qubit Quantum Registers
Creators: name: Grigorenko, I. A.
name: Khveshchenko, D. V.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: We carry out a systematic analysis of a pair of coupled qubits, each of which is subject to its own dissipative environment, and argue that a combination of the interqubit couplings which provides for the lowest possible decoherence rates corresponds to the incidence of a double spectral degeneracy in the two-qubit system. We support this general argument by the results of an evolutionary genetic algorithm which can also be used for optimizing time-dependent processes (gates) and their sequences that implement various quantum computing protocols.
Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transitions in an easy-plane ferromagnetic superfluid
Creators: name: Underwood, Andrew P. C.
name: Groszek, Andrew J.
name: Yu, Xiaoquan
name: Blakie, P. B.
name: Williamson, L. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A two-dimensional (2D) spin-1 Bose gas exhibits two Berezenskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) transitions in the easy-plane ferromagnetic phase. The higher temperature transition is associated with superfluidity of the mass current determined predominantly by a single spin component. The lower temperature transition is associated with superfluidity of the axial spin current, quasi-long range order of the transverse spin density and binding of polar-core spin vortices (PCVs). Above the spin BKT temperature, the component circulations that make up each PCV spatially separate, suggesting possible deconfinement analogous to quark deconfinement in high energy physics. Intercomponent interactions give rise to superfluid drag between the spin components, which we calculate analytically at zero temperature. We present the mass/spin superfluid phase diagram as a function of quadratic Zeeman energy $q$. At $q=0$ the system is in an isotropic spin phase with $\mathrm{SO}(3)$ symmetry. Here the fluid response exhibits a system size dependence, suggesting the absence of a BKT transition. Despite this, for finite systems the decay of spin correlations changes from exponential to algebraic as the temperature is decreased.
description: 4 pages + refs, 3 figures. Interpretation of Fig. 3 results has changed since v1
Supplementary methods and results from Trans-generational immunization in the acrobat ant Crematogaster scutellaris
Creators: name: Bordoni, Adele
name: Dapporto, Leonardo
name: Tatini, Irene
name: Celli, Martina
name: Bercigli, Manuel
name: Barrufet, Serena Resurreción
name: Perito, Brunella
name: Turillazzi, Stefano
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary methods for lethal dosage assessments and supplementary results
Anti-$\mathcal{PT}$ flatbands
Creators: name: Mallick, Arindam
name: Chang, Nana
name: Andreanov, Alexei
name: Flach, Sergej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider tight-binding single particle lattice Hamiltonians which are invariant under an antiunitary antisymmetry: the anti-$\mathcal{PT}$ symmetry. The Hermitian Hamiltonians are defined on $d$-dimensional non-Bravais lattices. For an odd number of sublattices, the anti-$\mathcal{PT}$ symmetry protects a flatband at energy $E = 0$. We derive the anti-$\mathcal{PT}$ constraints on the Hamiltonian and use them to generate examples of generalized kagome networks in two and three lattice dimensions. Furthermore, we show that the anti-$\mathcal{PT}$ symmetry persists in the presence of uniform DC fields and ensures the presence of flatbands in the corresponding irreducible Wannier-Stark band structure. We provide examples of the Wannier-Stark band structure of generalized kagome networks in the presence of DC fields, and their implementation using Floquet engineering.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures. Supplemental Material included. Similar to the published version. Comments are welcome
Policy note: Analysis of expert scenarios addressing ethical implications of the selected technologies
Creators: name: Bernstein, Michael J
name: Mehnert, Wenzel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No.101006249. 2 Quality Control Reviewed by: Review date: Corinna Pannofino (TRI) 14/06/2022 Rowena Rodrigues (TRI) 20/06/2022 Nicole Santiago (TRI) 21/06/2022 Revision history Version Date Description 0.1 08/06/2022 Initial draft 0.2 23/06/2022 Revised draft 0.3 28/06/2022 Revised draft 0.4 29/06/2022 Final draft Keywords Research and innovation policy; climate engineering; extended reality; virtual reality; neurotechnology; public administration; ethics

description: Anticipating social and ethical issues associated with technology development enables proactive governance of research and innovation (R&I) to benefit society. In this policy note, we draw on expert reflections about future scenarios to offer recommendations for climate engineering, digital extended reality, and neurotechnology R&I governance.
Zwischen Ökologisierung des Gewässerschutzes und Kommerzialisierung der Wasserwirtschaft
Creators: name: Moss, Timothy
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Wasserrahmenrichtlinie
subject: Gewässerschutz
subject: Wasserdienstleistungen
subject: Raumplanung
subject: Fachplanung
subject: Water Framework Directive
subject: water protection
subject: water services
subject: spatial planning
subject: 711 Raumplanunug

description: Der Beitrag analysiert zwei parallel laufende Trends in der Wasserbewirtschaftung – die Ökologisierung des Gewässerschutzes und die Kommerzialisierung der Siedlungswasserwirtschaft – aus raumwissenschaftlicher Perspektive. Er stellt die wesentlichen Eigenschaften dieser Trends dar, zeigt ihre jeweiligen Raumdimensionen auf und erschließt daraus die wesentlichen Anforderungen an die Raumplanung und Raumentwicklungspolitik. Schlussfolgerungen werden gezogen, wie Raumplanung und Regionalpolitik künftig noch effektiver auf die laufenden – und damit noch gestaltbaren – Prozesse von Ökologisierung und Kommerzialisierung in der Wasserwirtschaft Einfluss nehmen können.
description: The paper analyses two parallel, but distinct, trends of water management in Germany – the ecological orientation of water protection and the commercialisation of wa ter services – in terms of their relevance for spatial development. It describes the principal features of each of these trends, illustrates their spatial dimensions and elucidates their implications for spatial planning and regional development strategies. Conclusions are drawn on how spatial planning and regional policy could be used to greater effect to shape these ongoing – and thus still open – processes of ecological orientation and commercialisation in the water sector.
title: H διαδικασία της παραγωγής στην κοινωνία
title: The process of production in society
Creators: name: Παγανοπουλος Γεωργιος
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2023

description: Η παρούσα μελέτη εξετάζει την παραγωγή στο σύνολό της, σαν διαδικασία ανταλλαγής ύλης φύσης και ανθρώπου. Πραγματεύεται την όλη διαδικασία από τη σκοπιά του ανθρώπου αλλά και του αποτελέσματος, του παραγόμενου προϊόντος. Διερευνώνται τα στοιχεία της παραγωγής και η σύνδεσή τους, καθώς και οι σχέσεις των ανθρώπων που αναπτύσσονται για αυτό το σκοπό. Αναλύονται οι σχέσεις παραγωγής και ο καταμερισμός της εργασίας. Επιπλέον, εξετάζονται τα παραπάνω στις συγκεκριμένες κοινωνικές μορφές μέχρι τη σύγχρονη παραγωγή και οι τάσεις εξέλιξης. Ειδικότερα, αναλύεται η σύγχρονη κεφαλαιοκρατική παραγωγή στα συστατικά της μέρη και συνδυαστικά, οι νόμοι που την διέπουν. Εξετάζεται η κύκληση του βιομηχανικού κεφαλαίου και οι σημαντικοί μηχανισμοί λειτουργίας του. Η σύγχρονη παραγωγή περιοδολογείται ανάλογα με τα μέσα εργασίας και αναλύονται έννοιες όπως η επιστήμη, η τεχνική και η τεχνολογία. Συγκεκριμένα, εξετάζεται η περίοδος της συνεργασίας, της μανουφακτούρας, της εκμηχανισμένης μηχανουργίας και της ανώτερης εκμηχάνισης, μερικής αυτοματοποίησης. Κεντρική κατηγορία, πυρήνας της όλης διαδικασίας, αποτελεί η εργασία που από τη σκοπιά του παρόντος οδηγείται στην αυτοματοποίηση. Η μελέτη στηρίζεται στα ερευνητικά αποτελέσματα της διαλεκτικής μεθοδολογίας όπου η φύση αίρεται από την κοινωνική παραγωγή.
description: The current study examines production in its entirety, as a process of exchange of matter between nature and man. It discusses the whole process from the point of view of man and the result, the product produced. It explores the elements of production and their interconnection, as well as the relationships of people that develop for this purpose. The relations of production and the division of labour are analysed. In addition, these are examined in the specific social forms up to modern production and the trends of development. In particular, modern capitalist production is analyzed in its component parts and, combined, the laws governing it. The cycling of industrial capital and its important mechanisms of operation are explored. Contemporary production is periodized according to the means of labour and concepts such as science, technique and technology are analyzed. In particular, the period of cooperation, manifolding, mechanised machining and higher mechanisation, partial automation are analysed. The central concept, the core of the whole process is labour, which from the perspective of the present is driven to automation. The study is based on the research results of the dialectical methodology where nature is removed from social production.
Supplementary Figures and Table 1 from Movement patterns and athletic performance of leopards in the Okavango Delta.
Creators: name: Hubel, Tatjana Y.
name: Golabek, Krystyna
name: Rafiq, Kasim
name: J. Weldon McNutt
name: Wilson, Alan M.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Although leopards are the most widespread of all the big cats and are known for their adaptability, they are elusive and little is known in detail about their movement and hunting energetics. We used high-resolution GPS/IMU (inertial measurement unit) collars to record position, activity and the first high-speed movement data on four male leopards in the Okavango Delta, an area with high habitat diversity and habitat fragmentation. Leopards in this study were generally active and conducted more runs during the night, with peaks in activity and number of runs in the morning and evening twilight. Runs were generally short (less than 100 m) and relatively slow (maximum speed 5.3 m s−1, mean of individual medians) compared to other large predators. Average daily travel distance was 11 km and maximum daily travel distance was 29 km. No direct correlation was found between average daily temperature and travel distance or between season and travel distance. Total daily energy requirements based on locomotor cost and basal metabolic rate varied little between individuals and over time. This study provides novel insights into movement patterns and athletic performance of leopards through quantitative high-resolution measurement of the locomotor, energetic, spatial and temporal movement characteristics. The results are unbiased by methodological and observational limitations characteristic of previous studies and demonstrate the utility of applying new technologies to field studies of elusive nocturnal species.
Direct observation of quantum anomalous vortex in Fe(Se,Te)
Creators: name: Lin, Y. S.
name: Wang, S. Y.
name: Zhang, X.
name: Feng, Y.
name: Pan, Y. P.
name: Ru, H.
name: Zhu, J. J.
name: Xiang, B. K.
name: Liu, K.
name: Zheng, C. L.
name: Wei, L. Y.
name: Wang, M. X.
name: Liu, Z. K.
name: Chen, L.
name: Jiang, K.
name: Guo, Y. F.
name: Wang, Ziqiang
name: Wang, Y. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vortices are topological defects of type-II superconductors in an external magnetic field. In a similar fashion to a quantum anomalous Hall insulator, quantum anomalous vortex (QAV) spontaneously nucleates due to orbital-and-spin exchange interaction between vortex core states and magnetic impurity moment, breaking time-reversal symmetry (TRS) of the vortex without an external field. Here, we used scanning superconducting quantum interference device microscopy (sSQUID) to search for its signatures in iron-chalcogenide superconductor Fe(Se,Te). Under zero magnetic field, we found a stochastic distribution of isolated anomalous vortices and antivortices with flux quanta $Φ_0$. By applying a small local magnetic field under the coil of the nano-SQUID device, we observed hysteretic flipping of the vortices reminiscent of the switching of ferromagnetic domains, suggesting locally broken-TRS. We further showed vectorial rotation of a flux line linking a paired vortex-antivortex with the local field. These unique properties of the anomalous vortices satisfied the defining criteria of QAV. Our observation suggests a quantum vortex phase with spontaneous broken-TRS in a high-temperature superconductor.
The Hitchhiker's Guide to Facebook Web Tracking with Invisible Pixels and Click IDs
Creators: name: Bekos, Paschalis
name: Papadopoulos, Panagiotis
name: Markatos, Evangelos P.
name: Kourtellis, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Over the past years, advertisement companies have used various tracking methods to persistently track users across the web. Such tracking methods usually include first and third-party cookies, cookie synchronization, as well as a variety of fingerprinting mechanisms. Facebook (FB) recently introduced a new tagging mechanism that attaches a one-time tag as a URL parameter (FBCLID) on outgoing links to other websites. Although such a tag does not seem to have enough information to persistently track users, we demonstrate that despite its ephemeral nature, when combined with FB Pixel, it can aid in persistently monitoring user browsing behavior across i) different websites, ii) different actions on each website, iii) time, i.e., both in the past as well as in the future. We refer to this online monitoring of users as FB web tracking. We find that FB Pixel tracks a wide range of user activities on websites with alarming detail, especially on websites classified as sensitive categories under GDPR. Also, we show how the FBCLID tag can be used to match, and thus de-anonymize, activities of online users performed in the distant past (even before those users had a FB account) tracked by FB Pixel. In fact, by combining this tag with cookies that have rolling expiration dates, FB can also keep track of users' browsing activities in the future as well. Our experimental results suggest that 23% of the 10k most popular websites have adopted this technology, and can contribute to this activity tracking on the web. Furthermore, our longitudinal study shows that this type of user activity tracking can go as far back as 2015. Simply said, if a user creates for the first time a FB account today, FB could, under some conditions, match their anonymously collected past web browsing activity to their newly created FB profile, from as far back as 2015 and continue tracking their activity in the future.
Single-Step Implementation of Universal Quantum Gates
Creators: name: Khveshchenko, D. V.
name: Grigorenko, I. A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: We construct optimized implementations of the controlled-NOT and other universal two-qubit gates that, unlike many of the previously proposed protocols, are carried out in a single step. The new protocols require tunable interqubit couplings but, in return, show a significant improvement in the quality of gate operations. We make specific predictions for coupled Josephson junction qubits and compare them with the results of recent experiments.
Dissipative Dynamics of Planar d -Wave Josephson Junctions
Creators: name: Khveshchenko, D. V.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: We study quantum dynamics of and phase transitions in a Josephson junction between two planar d-wave superconductors where the processes of both quasiparticle and Cooper pair tunneling give rise to nonlocal dissipative terms in the effective action. By combining a perturbative weak coupling analysis in the charge representation with a variational approach in the phase representation at strong coupling, we ascertain a layout of the junction's phase diagram and discuss the corresponding behaviors.
(2332) Lydia Ann Pinder
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Friedrich von Weech
title: [1837-1906]
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Obser, Karl
Publisher: name: Carl Winter's Universitätsbuchhandlung
Year: 1906
Subjects: subject: 920 Biografien, Genealogie, Insignien
subject: Nachruf
subject: Weech, Friedrich von
subject: München
subject: Karlsruhe

description: Sonderabdruck aus der Zeitschrift für Geschichte des Oberrheins, neue Folge, Bd. XXI, Heft 2
Probing Spacetime Foam with Extragalactic Sources
Creators: name: Van Dam, H.
name: Christiansen, W. A.
name: Ng, Y. Jack
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Because of quantum fluctuations, spacetime is probably "foamy" on very small scales. We propose to detect this texture of spacetime foam by looking for halo structures in the images of distant quasars. We find that the Very Large Telescope interferometer will be on the verge of being able to probe the fabric of spacetime when it reaches its design performance. Our method also allows us to use spacetime foam physics and physics of computation to infer the existence of dark energy or matter, independent of the evidence from recent cosmological observations.
Universities and Colleges Admissions Service (UCAS) Data, 2007-2019: Secure Access
UCAS
Creators: name: Universities And Colleges Application System (UCAS)
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 2020

description: The Universities and Colleges Admissions Service (UCAS) Data, 2007-2019: Secure Access includes information about applicants and applications to UK Higher Education with UCAS registered Higher Education Providers. The data runs from the 2007 application cycle, up to and including the 2019 cycle. All applicants to UK Higher Education are included which covers those domiciled within the UK and those outside. 
Report on economic impacts shifting protein production to NextGenProteins alternative proteins
Creators: name: Agnarsson, Sveinn
name: Sigurjónsson, Hafþór Ægir
name: Smárason, Birgir Örn
name: Jónsdóttir, Rósa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Protein, alternative protein, demand, employment

description: The global population is expected to peak at nearly 11 billion around 2100. A larger population, higher general income levels, and changing consumption patterns will increase the demand for food. Protein is an essential macronutrient, made up of amino acids. As such, protein is therefore an essential part of any diet. World protein consumption, measured as grams per capita, has been growing, mostly due to a vastly increased consumption of animal-based proteins, although more plant-based proteins are also consumed of. Consumption of animal-based proteins has been linked to various diseases and consequently health costs but is also more demanding in an environmental sense; GHG emissions related to the production of meat and dairy products are generally much higher than those associated with production of plantbased proteins and land-use is more intensive. Agriculture in general is also responsible for 70% of global freshwater withdrawals, causes 78% of all ocean and freshwater eutrophication, and is a major threat for biodiversity. Proteins also constitute an important part of feed used in animal husbandry and aquaculture. Most of the proteins used for this purpose come from soybean, rapeseed, and sunflower seed meal, as well as from fishmeal. The market for alternative proteins is expected to grow fast in the coming years provided consumers and investors remain interested in sustainability, and alternative proteins reach parity with animal-based proteins on taste, texture, and price. The proteins produced by the four firms taking part in NextGenProteins are defined as alternative proteins. Two of the proteins are made from insects – crickets and black soldier flies – and the other two from microalgae and single-cell proteins (SCP). It is, however, impossible at this stage of the project to have a clear idea of the impact that shifting protein production to these alternative proteins will have on the economic system in which the firms operate. The production aims of the NextGenProteins producers are relatively modest in terms of quantity. The combined production of the four firms could be 15-20,000 tons in the not-too-distant future, and total employment associated with that level of production could equal 150-200 FTE (Full-time equivalent). Most of the employees would be skilled. Neither the level of production nor employment is likely to have but a very minor impact on the market for proteins and employment in general. However, the importance of the producers could be quite large at a local or even regional level.
A topologically protected quantum dynamo effect in a driven spin-boson model
Creators: name: Bernhardt, Ephraim
name: Elouard, Cyril
name: Hur, Karyn Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a quantum dynamo effect in a driven system coupled to a harmonic oscillator describing a cavity mode or to a collection of modes forming an Ohmic bosonic bath. When the system Hamiltonian changes in time, this induces a dynamical field in the bosonic modes having resonant frequencies with the driving velocity. This field opposes the change of the external driving field in a way reminiscent of Faraday's law of induction, justifying the term 'quantum dynamo effect'. For the specific situation of a periodically driven spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ on the Bloch sphere, we show that the work done by rolling the spin from north to south pole can efficiently be converted into a coherent displacement of the resonant bosonic modes, the effect thus corresponds to a work-to-work conversion and allows to interpret this transmitted energy into the bath as work. We study this effect, its performance and limitations in detail for a driven spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ in the presence of a radial magnetic field addressing a relation with topological systems through the formation of an effective charge in the core of the sphere. We show that the dynamo effect is directly related to the dynamically measured topology of this spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ and thus in the adiabatic limit provides a topologically protected method to convert driving work into a coherent field in the reservoir. The quantum dynamo model is realizable in mesoscopic and atomic systems.
description: 35 pages, 14 figures
Supplementary Figures and Table 1 from Movement patterns and athletic performance of leopards in the Okavango Delta
Creators: name: Hubel, Tatjana Y.
name: Golabek, Krystyna
name: Rafiq, Kasim
name: J. Weldon McNutt
name: Wilson, Alan M.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Although leopards are the most widespread of all the big cats and are known for their adaptability, they are elusive and little is known in detail of their movement and hunting energetics. We use high-resolution GPS/IMU (inertial measurement unit) collars to record position, activity and the first high-speed movement data on four male leopards in the Okavango Delta, an area with high habitat diversity and habitat fragmentation. Leopards in this study were generally active and conducted more runs during the night, with peaks in activity and number of runs in the morning and evening twilight. Runs were generally short (less than 100 m) and relatively slow (maximum speed 5.3 ms−1, mean of individual medians) compared to other large predators. Average daily travel distance was 11 km and maximum daily travel distance was 29 km. No direct correlation was found between average daily temperature and travel distance or between season and travel distance. Total daily energy requirements based on locomotor cost and basal metabolic rate varied little between individuals and over time. This study provides novel insights into movement patterns and athletic performance of leopards through quantitative high-resolution measurement of the locomotor, energetic, spatial and temporal movement characteristics. The results are unbiased by methodological and observational limitations characteristic of previous studies and demonstrate the utility of applying new technologies to field studies of elusive nocturnal species.
The comparison of optical variability of broad-line Seyfert 1 and narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies from the view of Pan-STARRS
Creators: name: Wang, Hongtao
name: Guo, Chao
name: Cao, Hongmin
name: Chen, Yongyun
name: Ding, Nan
name: Guo, Xiaotong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By means of the data sets of the Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System (Pan-STARRS), we investigate the relationship between the variability amplitude and luminosity at 5100 Å, black hole mass, Eddington ratio, $ R_{\rm Fe \, II}$ ( the ratio of the flux of Fe II line within 4435-4685 Å~to the broad proportion of $\rm Hβ$ line) as well as $ R_{5007}$ (the ratio of the flux [O III] line to the total $\rm Hβ$ line) of the broad line Seyfert 1 (BLS1) and narrow line Seyfert 1 (NLS1) galaxies sample in g,r,i,z and y bands, respectively. We also analyze the similarities and differences of the variability characteristics between the BLS1 galaxies and NLS1 galaxies. The results are listed as follows. (1). The cumulative probability distribution of the variability amplitude shows that NLS1 galaxies are lower than that in BLS1 galaxies. (2). We analyze the dependence of the variability amplitude with the luminosity at 5100 Å, black hole mass, Eddington ratio, $ R_{\rm Fe \,II}$ and $ R_{5007}$, respectively. We find significantly negative correlations between the variability amplitude and Eddington ratio, insignificant correlations with the luminosity at 5100 Å. The results also show significantly positive correlations with the black hole mass and $ R_{5007}$, significantly negative correlations with $ R_{\rm Fe\, II}$ which are consistent with Rakshit and Stalin(2017) in low redshift bins (z<0.4) and Ai et al.(2010). (3). The relationship between the variability amplitude and the radio loudness is investigated for 155 BLS1 galaxies and 188 NLS1 galaxies. No significant correlations are found in our results.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, accepted by Astrophysics and Space Science, in Press
Cooperative Localization and Multitarget Tracking in Agent Networks with the Sum-Product Algorithm
Creators: name: Brambilla, Mattia
name: Gaglione, Domenico
name: Soldi, Giovanni
name: Mendrzik, Rico
name: Ferri, Gabriele
name: LePage, Kevin D.
name: Nicoli, Monica
name: Willett, Peter
name: Braca, Paolo
name: Win, Moe Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper addresses the problem of multitarget tracking using a network of sensing agents with unknown positions. Agents have to both localize themselves in the sensor network and, at the same time, perform multitarget tracking in the presence of clutter and miss detection. These two problems are jointly resolved using a holistic and centralized approach where graph theory is used to describe the statistical relationships among agent states, target states, and observations. A scalable message passing scheme, based on the sum-product algorithm, enables to efficiently approximate the marginal posterior distributions of both agent and target states. The proposed method is general enough to accommodate a full multistatic network configuration, with multiple transmitters and receivers. Numerical simulations show superior performance of the proposed joint approach with respect to the case in which cooperative self-localization and multitarget tracking are performed separately, as the former manages to extract valuable information from targets. Lastly, data acquired in 2018 by the NATO Science and Technology Organization (STO) Centre for Maritime Research and Experimentation (CMRE) through a network of autonomous underwater vehicles demonstrates the effectiveness of the approach in a practical application.
description: Submitted to IEEE Open Journal of Signal Processing
(2327) Anne Wilson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Supplementary methods and results from Functional MRI in the Nile crocodile: a new avenue for evolutionary neurobiology.
Creators: name: Behroozi, Mehdi
name: Billings, Brendon K.
name: Helluy, Xavier
name: Manger, Paul R.
name: Güntürkün, Onur
name: Ströckens, Felix
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Details of the MRI processing and results of control experiments only briefly mentioned in the main manuscript
Stochastic Resonant Signaling in Enzyme Cascades
Creators: name: Lan, Yueheng
name: Papoian, Garegin A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: We observe the phenomenon of stochastic resonant signaling in signal amplification enzyme cascades, where certain optimal reaction rates minimize the average threshold-crossing time. We develop a new analytical technique to obtain the mean first passage time, based on a novel decomposition of the master equation. Our analytical results are in good agreement with the exact numerical simulations. We demonstrate that resonant behavior may be a ubiquitous phenomenon in stochastic threshold crossing in cell signaling. The physical principles behind this phenomenon are elucidated.
(2324) Thomas Pinder
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Turnaround in Cyclic Cosmology
Creators: name: Baum, Lauris
name: Frampton, Paul H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: It is speculated how dark energy in a brane world can help reconcile an infinitely cyclic cosmology with the second law of thermodynamics. A cyclic model is described, in which dark energy with w<-1 equation of state leads to a turnaround at a time, extremely shortly before the would-be big rip, at which both volume and entropy of our Universe decrease by a gigantic factor, while very many independent similarly small contracting universes are spawned. The entropy of our model decreases almost to zero at turnaround but increases for the remainder of the cycle by a vanishingly small amount during contraction, empty of matter, then by a large factor during inflationary expansion.
La sopravvivenza dell’antico. Introduzione alla Biblioteca Warburg (1921)
Creators: name: Fritz Saxl, Michela Maguolo
Publisher: name: La Rivista di Engramma
Year: 2023
Subjects: Fritz Saxl
Aby Warburg
Warburg s Library

description: Fritz Saxl’s first article on the Warburg Library, Das Nachleben der Antike. Zur Einführung in die Bibliothek Warburg, was written for the “Hamburger Universitäte Zeitunge”, W. Sem, 1920/21, n. 4 II Jahrgang, Heft 11. The article briefly summarises the salient aspects of the Warburg Library, highlighting a multidisciplinary approach to the study of Antiquity. The text has been translated in Italian by Michela Maguolo.
Lattice Model with Nearest-Neighbor and Next-Nearest-Neighbor Interactions for Gradient Elasticity
Creators: name: Tarasov, Vasily E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lattice models for the second-order strain-gradient models of elasticity theory are discussed. To combine the advantageous properties of two classes of second-gradient models, we suggest a new lattice model that can be considered as a discrete microstructural basis for gradient continuum models. It was proved that two classes of the second-gradient models (with positive and negative sign in front the gradient) can have a general lattice model as a microstructural basis. To obtain the second-gradient continuum models we consider a lattice model with the nearest-neighbor and next-nearest-neighbor interactions with two different coupling constants. The suggested lattice model gives unified description of the second-gradient models with positive and negative signs of the strain gradient terms. The sign in front the gradient is determined by the relation of the coupling constants of the nearest-neighbor and next-nearest-neighbor interactions.
description: 18 pages, LaTeX, 3 figures
Coupled-Channel Calculation of Nonelastic Cross Sections Using a Density-Functional Structure Model
Creators: name: Terasaki, J.
name: Dupuis, M.
name: Escher, J. E.
name: Nobre, G. P.A.
name: Engel, J.
name: Dietrich, F. S.
name: Thompson, I. J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: A microscopic calculation of reaction cross sections for nucleon-nucleus scattering was performed by coupling the elastic channel to all particle-hole excitations in the target and one-nucleon pickup channels. The particle-hole states may be regarded as doorway states through which the flux flows to more complicated configurations, and subsequently to long-lived compound nucleus resonances. Target excitations for (40,48)Ca, 58Ni, 90Zr, and 144Sm were described in a random-phase framework using a Skyrme functional. Reaction cross sections obtained agreed very well with experimental data and predictions of a fitted optical potential. Couplings between inelastic states were found to be negligible, while the pickup channels contribute significantly. For the first time observed absorptions are completely accounted for by explicit channel coupling, for incident energies between 10 and 40 MeV.
FINANCIAL SYSTEM AND THE DIVISION OF STATE BUDGETS INTO DIFFERENT SECTORS AND SECTIONS.
Creators: name: Amirova, Dilshoda
name: Ochildiyeva, Naima
name: Eshmirzayeva, Qurbonoy
name: Mamaraimova, Hilola
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: In the conditions of the accumulation of a large amount of funds in state trust funds, the weakening of state financial control can lead to the ineffective use of these funds and the occurrence of various situations. Therefore, in order to strengthen control over the use of state financial resources, it is appropriate to include them in the state budget. In this case, it is necessary to ensure that the target direction of the collected funds remains unchanged. In this article, thoughts and opinions about the financial system and the division of state budgets into separate areas and sections are discussed.
title: Der Lernmanager als post-panoptische Kommunikationsplattform
Creators: name: Hangartner, Judith
name: Weidmann, Laura
name: Fankhauser, Regula
Publisher: name: Springer VS
Year: 2022

description: Die Digitalisierung bietet neue technische Möglichkeiten zur Individualisierung des Unterrichts. Während die Entwicklung von Lernsoftware das Forschungsinteresse auf sich zieht, bleibt die Nutzung von Lernplattformen zur Unterrichtsorganisation ein Desiderat. Der Beitrag geht aus einer soziologischen Perspektive und mit einem ethnographischen Zugang der Frage nach, wie eine Schule eine digitale Lernplattform zur Unterstützung ihrer individualisierten Unterrichtsorganisation nutzt. Ausgehend von der teilnehmenden Beobachtung der Team-Interaktionen wird diskutiert, wie der digitale Lernmanager in die Zusammenarbeit der Lehrpersonen und ihren Austausch mit den Eltern involviert ist. Der Lernmanager aggregiert umfassende Schüler*innen-Dossiers, erhöht die Transparenz im Team und gegenüber den Eltern und intensiviert so Fragen der Kontrolle. Die empirischen Einblicke werden vor dem Hintergrund des digitalen Ökosystems einerseits, Deleuzes’ Kontrollgesellschaft andererseits interpretiert
Spectral Structure of the Pygmy Dipole Resonance
Creators: name: Kelley, J. H.
name: Tsoneva, N.
name: Lenske, H.
name: Tornow, W.
name: Rusev, G.
name: Hammond, S. L.
name: Kwan, E.
name: Tonchev, A. P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: High-sensitivity studies of E1 and M1 transitions observed in the reaction 138Ba(gamma,gamma{'}) at energies below the one-neutron separation energy have been performed using the nearly monoenergetic and 100% linearly polarized photon beams of the HIgammaS facility. The electric dipole character of the so-called "pygmy" dipole resonance was experimentally verified for excitations from 4.0 to 8.6 MeV. The fine structure of the M1 "spin-flip" mode was observed for the first time in N=82 nuclei.
Direct Measurement of the Friction between and Shear Moduli of Shells of Carbon Nanotubes
Creators: name: Cui, Taoran
name: Qin, Lu Chang
name: Lin, Letian
name: Washburn, Sean
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: We report measurements of the shear modulus of each shell and the friction between the two shells of double-shell carbon nanotubes in single nanotube-based nanoelectromechanical devices operated in a transmission electron microscope. In situ nanobeam electron diffraction is applied to obtain the chiral indices of each shell of the nanotube and it allows us to establish a quantitative correlation between the atomic structure and properties of the nanotube under investigation.
A review on vision-based analysis for automatic dietary assessment
Creators: name: Wang, Wei
name: Min, Weiqing
name: Li, Tianhao
name: Dong, Xiaoxiao
name: Li, Haisheng
name: Jiang, Shuqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Background: Maintaining a healthy diet is vital to avoid health-related issues, e.g., undernutrition, obesity and many non-communicable diseases. An indispensable part of the health diet is dietary assessment. Traditional manual recording methods are not only burdensome but time-consuming, and contain substantial biases and errors. Recent advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI), especially computer vision technologies, have made it possible to develop automatic dietary assessment solutions, which are more convenient, less time-consuming and even more accurate to monitor daily food intake. Scope and approach: This review presents Vision-Based Dietary Assessment (VBDA) architectures, including multi-stage architecture and end-to-end one. The multi-stage dietary assessment generally consists of three stages: food image analysis, volume estimation and nutrient derivation. The prosperity of deep learning makes VBDA gradually move to an end-to-end implementation, which applies food images to a single network to directly estimate the nutrition. The recently proposed end-to-end methods are also discussed. We further analyze existing dietary assessment datasets, indicating that one large-scale benchmark is urgently needed, and finally highlight critical challenges and future trends for VBDA. Key findings and conclusions: After thorough exploration, we find that multi-task end-to-end deep learning approaches are one important trend of VBDA. Despite considerable research progress, many challenges remain for VBDA due to the meal complexity. We also provide the latest ideas for future development of VBDA, e.g., fine-grained food analysis and accurate volume estimation. This review aims to encourage researchers to propose more practical solutions for VBDA.
description: Accepted by Trends in Food Science & Technology