cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Contrasting lattice geometry dependent versus independent quantities: ramifications for Berry curvature, energy gaps, and dynamics
Creators: name: Simon, Steven H.
name: Rudner, Mark S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the tight-binding description of electronic, photonic, or cold atomic dynamics in a periodic lattice potential, particle motion is described in terms of hopping amplitudes and potentials on an abstract network of discrete sites corresponding to physical orbitals in the lattice. The physical attributes of the orbitals, including their locations in three-dimensional space, are independent pieces of information. In this paper we identify a notion of geometry-independence: any physical quantity or observable that depends only on the tight-binding parameters (and not on the explicit information about the orbital geometry) is said to be "geometry-independent." The band structure itself, and for example the Chern numbers of the bands in a two-dimensional system, are geometry-independent, while the Bloch-band Berry curvature is geometry-dependent. Careful identification of geometry-dependent versus independent quantities can be used as a novel principle for constraining a variety of results. By extending the notion of geometry-independence to certain classes of interacting systems, where the many-body energy gap is evidently geometry-independent, we shed new light on a hypothesized relation between many-body energy gaps of fractional Chern insulators and the uniformity of Bloch band Berry curvature in the Brillouin zone. We furthermore explore the geometry-dependence of semiclassical wave packet dynamics, and use this principle to show how two different types of Hall response measurements may give markedly different results due to the fact that one is geometry-dependent, while the other is geometry-independent. Similar considerations apply for anomalous thermal Hall response, in both electronic and spin systems.
Delayed Photons from Binary Evolution Help Reionize the Universe
Creators: name: Secunda, Amy
name: Cen, Renyue
name: Kimm, Taysun
name: Gotberg, Ylva
name: de Mink, Selma E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-resolution numerical simulations including feedback and aimed at calculating the escape fraction (fesc) of hydrogen-ionizing photons often assume stellar radiation based on single-stellar population synthesis models. However, strong evidence suggests the binary fraction of massive stars is 70%. Moreover, simulations so far yield values of fesc falling only on the lower end of the roughly 10-20% range, the amount presumed necessary to reionize the Universe. Analyzing a high-resolution (4 pc) cosmological radiation hydrodynamic simulation we study how fesc changes when we include two different products of binary stellar evolution - stars stripped of their hydrogen envelopes and massive blue stragglers. Both produce significant amounts of ionizing photons 10-200 Myr after each starburst. We find the relative importance of these photons are amplified with respect to escaped ionizing photons, because peaks in star formation rates (SFRs) and fesc are often out of phase by this 10-200 Myr. Additionally, low mass, bursty galaxies emit Lyman continuum radiation primarily from binary products when SFRs are low. Observations of these galaxies by the James Webb Space Telescope could provide crucial information on the evolution of binary stars as a function of redshift. Overall, including stripped stars and massive blue stragglers increases our photon-weighted mean escape fraction by around 13% and 10%, respectively, resulting in a mean fesc of 17%. Our results emphasize that using updated stellar population synthesis models with binary stellar evolution provides a more sound physical basis for stellar reionization.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures, submitted to ApJ
Zur "Kurzen Chronik" der äthiopischen Könige
Creators: name: Kropp, Manfred
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 65 (1981): Oriens christianus, Band 65
Heralded single-photon generation using imperfect single-photon sources and a two-photon-absorbing medium
Creators: name: Konrad, Thomas
name: Scherer, Artur
name: Nock, Michael
name: Audretsch, Juergen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a setup for a heralded, i.e. announced generation of a pure single-photon state given two imperfect sources whose outputs are represented by mixtures of the single-photon Fock state $\ket{1}$ with the vacuum $\ket{0}$. Our purification scheme uses beam splitters, photodetection and a two-photon-absorbing medium. The admixture of the vacuum is fully eliminated. We discuss two potential realizations of the scheme.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures (LaTeX). In version v2 we have slightly modified our setup so as to increase the success probability of single-photon generation by a factor of two. In addition, in an appendix we discuss alternative realizations of single-photon generation without a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Three new figures have been added. Version v3 is a revised version published in Phys. Rev. A. It contains numerous minor corrections and clarifications. A new figure has been added in order to clarify our convention regarding labelling the field modes. The action of the beam splitters in the Schroedinger picture is introduced. A new reference has been included
MANURE MANAGEMENT FOR WATER QUALITY COSTS TO ANIMAL FEEDING OPERATIONS OF APPLYING MANURE NUTRIENTS TO LAND
Creators: name: Ribaudo, Marc
name: Kaplan, Jonathan D.
name: Christensen, Lee A.
name: Gollehon, Noel R.
name: Johansson, Robert C.
name: Breneman, Vincent E.
name: Aillery, Marcel P.
name: Agapoff, Jean
name: Peters, Mark
name: Ribaudo, Marc
name: Kaplan, Jonathan D.
name: Christensen, Lee A.
name: Gollehon, Noel R.
name: Johansson, Robert C.
name: Breneman, Vincent E.
name: Aillery, Marcel P.
name: Agapoff, Jean
name: Peters, Mark
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: manure management costs
subject: price and quantity adjustments
subject: water quality
subject: animal waste
subject: manure nutrients
subject: excess nutrients
subject: confined animals
subject: CAFO
subject: manure nitrogen
subject: manure phosphorus
subject: manure use
subject: assimilative capacity
subject: nutrient management plan

description: Nutrients from livestock and poultry manure are key sources of water pollution. Ever-growing numbers of animals per farm and per acre have increased the risk of water pollution. New Clean Water Act regulations compel the largest confined animal producers to meet nutrient application standards when applying manure to the land, and USDA encourages all animal feeding operations to do the same. The additional costs for managing manure (such as hauling manure off the farm) have implications for feedgrain producers and consumers as well. This report's farm-level analysis examines on-farm technical choice and producer costs across major U.S. production areas for hauling manure to the minimum amount of land needed to assimilate manure nutrients. A regional analysis then focuses on off-farm competition for land to spread surplus manure, using the Chesapeake Bay region as a case study. Finally, a sectorwide analysis addresses potential long-term structural adjustments at the national level and ultimate costs to consumers and producers.
Genetic testing for sale : implications of commercial BRCA testing in Canada
Creators: name: Williams-Jones, Bryn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Ongoing research in the fields of genetics and biotechnology hold the promise of improved diagnosis and treatment of genetic diseases, and potentially the development of individually tailored pharmaceuticals and gene therapies. Difficulty, however, arises in determining how these services are to be evaluated and integrated equitably into public health care systems such as Canada's. The current context is one of increasing fiscal restraint on the part of governments, limited financial resources being dedicated to health care, and rising costs for new health care services and technologies. This has led to increasing public debate in the last few years about how to reform public health care, and whether we should prohibit, permit or perhaps even encourage private purchase of health care services. In Canada, some of these concerns have crystallized around the issue of gene patents and commercial genetic testing, in particular as illustrated by the case of Myriad Genetics' patented BRACAnalysis test for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer. While most Canadians who currently access genetic services do so through the public health care system, for those with the means, private purchase is becoming an option. This situation raises serious concerns - about justice in access to health care; about continued access to safe and reliable genetic testing supported by unbiased patient information; and about the broader effects of commercialization for ongoing research and the Canadian public health care system. Commercial genetic testing presents a challenge to health care professionals, policy analysts, and academics concerned with the social, ethical and policy implications of new genetic technologies. Using the Myriad case as an exemplar, tools from moral philosophy, the social sciences, and health policy and law will be brought to bear on the larger issues of how as a society we should regulate commercial research and product development, and more coherently decide which services to cover under public health insurance and which to leave to private purchase. Generally, the thesis is concerned with the question of "how best to bring capital, morality, and knowledge into a productive and ethical relationship" (Rabinow 1999, 20).
Impact of fermionic operators on the Higgs width measurement
Creators: name: Almeida, Eduardo da Silva
name: Éboli, Oscar J. P.
name: Gonzalez-Garcia, M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The off-shell Higgs production in pp -> ZZ at LHC provides at present the most direct measurement of the Higgs width in the absence of beyond the standard model contributions. Here, we analyze the impact of anomalous Z couplings to fermions on the Higgs width determination. We show that, despite these couplings being strongly constrained by the available electroweak precision data, they can substantially affect the Higgs width determination at the LHC Runs 2 and 3. Conversely, in larger integrated luminosities runs, such as those foreseen at the high luminosity LHC and high energy LHC setups, the effect of such anomalous interactions in the Higgs width measurement is minimal.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Economics of Water Quality Protection from Nonpoint Sources: Theory and Practice
Creators: name: Ribaudo, Marc
name: Horan, Richard D.
name: Smith, Mark E.
name: Ribaudo, Marc
name: Horan, Richard D.
name: Smith, Mark E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: water quality
subject: nonpoint-source pollution
subject: economic incentives
subject: standards
subject: education
subject: liability
subject: research

description: Water quality is a major environmental issue. Pollution from nonpoint sources is the single largest remaining source of water quality impairments in the United States. Agriculture is a major source of several nonpoint-source pollutants, including nutrients, sediment, pesticides, and salts. Agricultural nonpoint pollution reduction policies can be designed to induce producers to change their production practices in ways that improve the environmental and related economic consequences of production. The information necessary to design economically efficient pollution control policies is almost always lacking. Instead, policies can be designed to achieve specific environmental or other similarly related goals at least cost, given transaction costs and any other political, legal, or informational constraints that may exist. This report outlines the economic characteristics of five instruments that can be used to reduce agricultural nonpoint source pollution (economic incentives, standards, education, liability, and research) and discusses empirical research related to the use of these instruments.
Solving grain size inconsistency between ALMA polarization and VLA continuum in the Ophiuchus IRS 48 protoplanetary disk
Creators: name: Ohashi, Satoshi
name: Kataoka, Akimasa
name: Van der Marel, Nienke
name: Hull, Charles L. H.
name: Dent, William R. F.
name: Pohl, Adriana
name: Pinilla, Paola
name: van Dishoeck, Ewine F.
name: Henning, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The protoplanetary disk around Ophiuchus IRS 48 shows an azimuthally asymmetric dust distribution in (sub-)millimeter observations, which is interpreted as a vortex, where millimeter/centimeter-sized particles are trapped at the location of the continuum peak. In this paper, we present 860 $μ$m ALMA observations of polarized dust emission of this disk. The polarized emission was detected toward a part of the disk. The polarization vectors are parallel to the disk minor axis, and the polarization fraction was derived to be $1-2$\%. These characteristics are consistent with models of self-scattering of submillimeter-wave emission, which indicate a maximum grain size of $\sim100$ $μ$m. However, this is inconsistent with the previous interpretation of millimeter/centimeter dust particles being trapped by a vortex. To explain both, ALMA polarization and previous ALMA and VLA observations, we suggest that the thermal emission at 860 $μ$m wavelength is optically thick ($τ_{\rm abs}\sim7.3$) at the dust trap with the maximum observable grain size of $\sim100$ $μ$m rather than an optically thin case with $\sim$ cm dust grains. We note that we cannot rule out that larger dust grains are accumulated near the midplane if the 860 $μ$m thermal emission is optically thick.
description: 22 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Silicon crystals for steering of high-intensity particle beams at ultra-high energy accelerators
Creators: name: Mazzolari, A.
name: Romagnoni, M.
name: Bagli, E.
name: Bandiera, L.
name: Baricordi, S.
name: Camattari, R.
name: Casotti, D.
name: Tamisari, M.
name: Sytov, A.
name: Guidi, V.
name: Cavoto, G.
name: Carturan, S.
name: De Salvador, D.
name: Balbo, A.
name: Cruciani, G.
name: Trans, Thu Nhi
name: Verbeni, R.
name: Pastrone, N.
name: Lanzoni, L.
name: Rossall, A.
name: Berg, J. A. van den
name: Jenkins, R.
name: Dumas, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experimental results and simulation models show that crystals might play a relevant role for the development of new generations of high-energy and high-intensity particle accelerators and might disclose innovative possibilities at existing ones. In this paper we describe the most advanced manufacturing techniques of crystals suitable for operations at ultra-high energy and ultra-high intensity particle accelerators, reporting as an example of potential applications the collimation of the particle beams circulating in the Large Hadron Collider at CERN, which will be upgraded through the addition of bent crystals in the frame of the High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider project.
Fully exclusive heavy quark-antiquark pair production from a colourless initial state at NNLO in QCD
Creators: name: Somogyi, Gábor
name: Tramontano, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a local subtraction scheme for computing next-to-next-to-leading order QCD corrections to the production of a massive quark-antiquark pair from a colourless initial state. The subtraction terms are built following the CoLoRFulNNLO method and refined in such a way that their integration gives rise to compact, fully analytic expressions. All ingredients necessary for a numerical implementation of our subtraction scheme are provided in detail. As an example, we calculate the fully differential decay rate of the Standard Model Higgs boson to massive bottom quarks at next-to-next-to-leading order accuracy in perturbative QCD.
description: LaTeX, 32 pages, 4 figures
U.S. Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Marketing: Emerging Trade Practices, Trends, and Issues
Creators: name: Calvin, Linda
name: Cook, Roberta L.
name: Denbaly, Mark
name: Dimitri, Carolyn
name: Glaser, Lewrene K.
name: Handy, Charles R.
name: Jekanowski, Mark D.
name: Kaufman, Phillip R.
name: Krissoff, Barry
name: Thompson, Gary D.
name: Thornsbury, Suzanne
name: Calvin, Linda
name: Cook, Roberta L.
name: Denbaly, Mark
name: Dimitri, Carolyn
name: Glaser, Lewrene K.
name: Handy, Charles R.
name: Jekanowski, Mark D.
name: Kaufman, Phillip R.
name: Krissoff, Barry
name: Thompson, Gary D.
name: Thornsbury, Suzanne
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: produce
subject: fresh fruit and vegetables
subject: fresh-cut produce
subject: trade practices
subject: fees and services
subject: slotting fees
subject: retail consolidation
subject: produce shipper consolidation

description: In the past year, trade practices between fresh produce shippers and food retailers gained national attention. Shippers are concerned that recent retail consolidation has led to market power and the growing incidence of fees and services. Retailers argue that these new trade practices reflect their costs of doing business and the demands of consumers. Trade practices include fees such as volume discounts and slotting fees, as well as services like automatic inventory replenishment, special packaging, and requirements for third-party food safety certification. Trade practices also refer to the overall structure of a transaction-for example, long-term relationships or contracts versus daily sales with no continuing commitment. This study compares trade practices in 1999 with those prevalent in 1994, placing them in the broader context of the evolving shipper/retailer relationship. Most shippers and retailers reported that the incidence and magnitude of fees and services associated with transactions has increased over the last 5 years. Fees paid to retailers are usually around 1-2 percent of sales for most of the commodities we examined, but 1-8 percent for bagged salads. Information on the incidence and magnitude of these new practices is scarce. To augment information that is publicly available, we interviewed a limited number of shippers, retailers, and wholesalers about their firms and trade practices. We received a high level of voluntary cooperation from the interviewed firms.
Additional file 3 of Outcomes of wildlife translocations in protected areas: what is the type and extent of existing evidence? A systematic map protocol
Creators: name: Langridge, Joseph
name: Sordello, Romain
name: Reyjol, Yorick
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3. Illustrating the building process of the search string.
Level algebras with bad properties
Creators: name: Boij, Mats
name: Zanello, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 13H10; Secondary: 13D40, 13E10, 14M05

description: This paper can be seen as a continuation of the works contained in the recent preprints [Za], of the second author, and [Mi], of Juan Migliore. Our results are: 1). There exist codimension three artinian level algebras of type two which do not enjoy the Weak Lefschetz Property (WLP). In fact, for $e\gg 0$, we will construct a codimension three, type two $h$-vector of socle degree $e$ such that {\em all} the level algebras with that $h$-vector do not have the WLP. We will also describe the family of those algebras and compute its dimension, for each $e\gg 0$. 2). There exist reduced level sets of points in ${\mathbf P}^3$ of type two whose artinian reductions all fail to have the WLP. Indeed, the examples constructed here have the same $h$-vectors we mentioned in 1). 3). For any integer $r\geq 3$, there exist non-unimodal monomial artinian level algebras of codimension $r$. As an immediate consequence of this result, we obtain another proof of the fact (first shown by Migliore in [Mi], Theorem 4.3) that, for any $r\geq 3$, there exist reduced level sets of points in ${\mathbf P}^r$ whose artinian reductions are non-unimodal.
description: 10 pages; a few minor changes; to appear in the Proc. of the AMS
Religious controversies and the growth of Ethiopic literature in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries
Creators: name: Getatchew Haile
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 65 (1981): Oriens christianus, Band 65
Precision Higgs Couplings in Neutral Naturalness Models: an Effective Field Theory Approach
Creators: name: Heurtier, Lucien
name: Li, Hao-Lin
name: Song, Huayang
name: Su, Shufang
name: Su, Wei
name: Yu, Jiang-Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Higgs sector in neutral naturalness models provides a portal to the hidden sectors, and thus measurements of Higgs couplings at current and future colliders play a central role in constraining the parameter space of the model. We investigate a class of neutral naturalness models, in which the Higgs boson is a pseudo-Goldstone boson from the universal SO(N)/SO(N-1) coset structure. Integrating out the radial mode from the spontaneous global symmetry breaking, we obtain various dimension-six operators in the Standard Model effective field theory, and calculate the low energy Higgs effective potential with radiative corrections included. We perform a chi-square fit to the Higgs coupling precision measurements at current and future colliders and show that the new physics scale could be explored up to 2.7 (2.8) TeV without (with) the Higgs invisible decay channels at future Higgs factories.
description: 25 pages, 3 figures
Ab-initio Phonon Calculations for the layered compound TiOCl
Creators: name: Pisani, Leonardo
name: Valenti, Roser
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present first-principles frozen-phonon calculations for the three Raman-active $A_g$ modes in the spin-1/2 layered TiOCl system within two different well-known approaches: the local density approximation (LDA) and the so-called LDA+U approximation. We observe that the inclusion of electron correlation in a mean-field level as implemented in the LDA+U leads to a better overall agreement with experimental results. We also discuss the implications of the two approaches on the physics of TiOCl.
description: Phys. Rev. B (Rapid Comm.) (in Press)
Factors Affecting Nutrient Intake of the Elderly
Creators: name: Weimer, Jon P.
name: Weimer, Jon P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: elderly
subject: nutrient intake
subject: dietary status
subject: nutrition

description: The rapid expansion of the population age 60 and older has a number of economic implications. The people in this group, about 18 percent of the population, account for about 30 percent of all health care expenditures. They use hospitals at nearly three times the rate of younger persons, average seven to eight medical visits per year, and occupy the majority of nursing residence beds. Providing information on the relationship of socio-economic and other factors to nutrient intake is basic to improving the health and well-being of the elderly. This exploratory investigation provides estimates of the effects of selected characteristics of the household and its constituents on individual nutrient consumption of elderly heads of households. Formal education was positively related to nutrient consumption. The elderly who live in households with income below 130 percent of the poverty level tended to have lower nutrient intakes than those elderly in households with higher incomes. Blacks, urbanites, and Southerners generally consumed less of the selected nutrients. Neither participation in the Food Stamp Program nor receipt of surplus foods was a significant factor in nutrient intake of elderly individuals. Possible nutrition interventions focus on targeted audiences and programs.
Superfluid transition in disordered dipolar Fermi gases
Creators: name: Matveenko, S. I.
name: Yudson, V. I.
name: Altshuler, B. L.
name: Shlyapnikov, G. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a weakly interacting two-component Fermi gas of dipolar particles (magnetic atoms or polar molecules) in the two-dimensional geometry. The dipole-dipole interaction (together with the short-range interaction at Feshbach resonances) for dipoles perpendicular to the plane of translational motion may provide a superfluid transition. The dipole-dipole scattering amplitude is momentum dependent, which violates the Anderson theorem claiming the independence of the transition temperature on the presence of weak disorder. We have shown that the disorder can strongly increase the critical temperature (up to 10 nK at realistic densities). This opens wide possibilities for the studies of the superfluid regime in weakly interacting Fermi gases, which was not observed so far.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 4 of Relative contribution of muscle strength, lean mass, and lower extremity motor function in explaining between-person variance in mobility in older adults
Creators: name: Wages, Nathan P.
name: Simon, Janet E.
name: Clark, Leatha A.
name: Amano, Shinichi
name: Russ, David W.
name: Manini, Todd M.
name: Clark, Brian C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Table 4. Model of best fit selection for sex (females).
The Multiple System HD 27638
Creators: name: Torres, Guillermo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report spectroscopic observations of HD 27638B, the secondary in a visual binary in which the physically associated primary (separation approximately 19 arcsec) is a B9V star. The secondary shows strong Li 6708 absorption suggesting youth, and has attracted attention in the past as a candidate post-T Tauri star although this has subsequently been ruled out. It was previously known to be a double-lined spectroscopic binary (F8+G6) with a period of 17.6 days, and to show velocity residuals indicating a more distant massive third companion with a period of at least 8 years. Based on our radial velocity measurements covering more than two cycles of the outer orbit, along with other measurements, we derive an accurate triple orbital solution giving an outer period of 9.447 +/- 0.017 yr. The third object is more massive than either of the other two components of HD 27638B, but is not apparent in the spectra. We derive absolute visual magnitudes and effective temperatures for the three visible stars in HD 27638. Isochrone fitting based on those properties gives an age of 200 +/- 50 Myr for the system. We infer also an inclination angle of about 53.3 degrees for the inner orbit of HD 27638B. We detect a near-infrared excess in HD 27638B which we attribute to the third star being a close binary composed of late-type stars. This explains its large mass and lack of a visible signature. Modeling of this excess allows us to infer not only the masses of the components of the unseen companion, but also the inclination angle of the outer orbit (approximately 73 deg). The HD 27638 system is thus at least quintuple.
description: 16 pages in 2-column format, including tables and figures. To appear in The Astronomical Journal
Self-Attention Networks for Intent Detection
Creators: name: Yolchuyeva, Sevinj
name: Németh, Géza
name: Gyires-Tóth, Bálint
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Self-attention networks (SAN) have shown promising performance in various Natural Language Processing (NLP) scenarios, especially in machine translation. One of the main points of SANs is the strength of capturing long-range and multi-scale dependencies from the data. In this paper, we present a novel intent detection system which is based on a self-attention network and a Bi-LSTM. Our approach shows improvement by using a transformer model and deep averaging network-based universal sentence encoder compared to previous solutions. We evaluate the system on Snips, Smart Speaker, Smart Lights, and ATIS datasets by different evaluation metrics. The performance of the proposed model is compared with LSTM with the same datasets.
description: Proceedings of the International Conference on Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing (RANLP 2019)
Additional file 2 of Relative contribution of muscle strength, lean mass, and lower extremity motor function in explaining between-person variance in mobility in older adults
Creators: name: Wages, Nathan P.
name: Simon, Janet E.
name: Clark, Leatha A.
name: Amano, Shinichi
name: Russ, David W.
name: Manini, Todd M.
name: Clark, Brian C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table 2. Overall model of best fit selection.
EFFECTS OF FEDERAL TAX POLICY ON AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Durst, Ron L.
name: Monke, James D.
name: Durst, Ron L.
name: Monke, James D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Public Economics
subject: Federal tax policy
subject: income tax
subject: social security tax
subject: structure
subject: small farms
subject: estate and gift tax
subject: capital gains
subject: farm losses

description: This report analyzes the effects of the current Federal tax code on farming and evaluates tax proposals to assist beginning farmers. Investment, management, and production decisions in agriculture continue to be influenced by Federal tax laws. Farmers continue to benefit from both Federal income and estate tax policies targeted to agriculture. These provisions exert upward pressure on farmland values and help support ongoing trends that increase the number of very small and large farms. However, the influence of the current tax structure with lower marginal tax rates and a broader income base is less than in earlier decades and may be small relative to government farm programs. Tax proposals to assist beginning farmers would likely increase the availability of land for lease or purchase, but would do little to make land more affordable.
Chemical resistance in acidic environments of alkali-activated lightweight composites based on secondary raw materials
Creators: name: Lancellotti, Isabella
name: Dal Poggetto, Giovanni
name: Barbieri, Luisa
name: Nguyen, Hoang
name: Leonelli, Cristina
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The durability problems in Portland cement are related to decalcification of C–S–H; alkali-activated composites are proposed as alternative, focusing on acid exposure and resistance. They were prepared from recycled materials, basic oxygen furnace carbonated and desulfurization slags. The standard material is 100% metakaolin geopolymer compared to slag-based alkali-activated materials (AAMs) with and without reinforcement of fibers (basalt, and cellulose), added in 4 wt%. The acidic environments are H2SO4, HCl, and HNO3 N = 2.14 (10, 7.5, and 12.5 wt%, respectively). The chemical resistance is improved by the addition of basalt fibers. The decrease in weight loss is 48% in HNO3 and 47% in HCl for AAM-Bas sample, while for AAM-Cell it is 9% in HCl and 34% in HNO3. The compressive strength of the AAM and AAM-Bas samples remains constant after HCl attack, while this acid attacks cellulose samples, which are stable in HNO3 and have a compressive strength of 10 MPa.
Texas Metropolitan Blueprint: A Policy Agenda to Secure the Competitiveness and Prosperity of Texas
Creators: name: Clark, Cullum
name: Fulton, William
name: Pedigo, Steven
name: Shelton, Kyle
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2021
Subjects: Texas
Metropolitan

description: Texas is a metropolitan state. It needs a metropolitan policy agenda. Metropolitan regions are home to 9 in 10 Texans, and they are the state’s economic engines. They need a slate of policies that improves the quality of life for all their residents—and at the same time drives their competitiveness. This Texas Metropolitan Blueprint lays out recommendations for policies that address the most important economic development, land use, housing, infrastructure, and transportation challenges of the state’s metropolitan areas. Each is critical to speeding Texas’s economic recovery and securing its long-term prosperity.
Ochterus africanus Jaczewski 1938
Creators: name: Kment, Petr
name: Carapezza, Attilio
name: Jindra, Zdeněk
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Ochteridae
Ochterus
Ochterus africanus

description: Ochterus africanus Jaczewski, 1938
(Figs 15–17)
 Ochterus africanus Jaczewski, 1938: 186 –187 (description, differential diagnosis, illustrations). HOLOTYPE (Figs 14 –16): 1 ♀, Central African Republic: ʻFranzösisch Kongo, Fort Crampel’ (ZMUH). Ochterus africanus: KORMILEV (1973): 2 (list, incertae sedis).
  Distribution. Afrotropical Region:  Central African Republic (JACZEWSKI 1938).
 Note. The photographs of the holotype of O. africanus (Figs 15–17) are presented here for the first time.
description: Published as part of Kment, Petr, Carapezza, Attilio & Jindra, Zdeněk, 2020, Taxonomic catalogue of the family Ochteridae with description of Ochterus papaceki sp. nov. from Socotra Island and Tanzania (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), pp. 23-64 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 60 (1) on page 32, DOI: 10.37520/aemnp.2020.003, http://zenodo.org/record/3879659
Additional file 3 of Relative contribution of muscle strength, lean mass, and lower extremity motor function in explaining between-person variance in mobility in older adults
Creators: name: Wages, Nathan P.
name: Simon, Janet E.
name: Clark, Leatha A.
name: Amano, Shinichi
name: Russ, David W.
name: Manini, Todd M.
name: Clark, Brian C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Table 3. Model of best fit selection for sex (males).
Reproducibility of `COST Reference Microplasma Jets'
Creators: name: Riedel, F
name: Golda, J
name: Held, J
name: Davies, H
name: van der Woude, M W
name: Bredin, J
name: Niemi, K
name: Gans, T
name: der Gathen, V Schulz-von
name: O'Connell, D
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atmospheric pressure plasmas have been ground-breaking for plasma science and technologies, due to their significant application potential in many fields, including medicinal, biological, and environmental applications. This is predominantly due to their efficient production and delivery of chemically reactive species under ambient conditions. One of the challenges in progressing the field is comparing plasma sources and results across the community and the literature. To address this a reference plasma source was established during the `Biomedical Applications of Atmospheric Pressure Plasmas' EU COST Action MP1101. It is crucial that reference sources are reproducible. Here, we present the reproducibility and variance across multiple sources through examining various characteristics, including: absolute atomic oxygen densities, absolute ozone densities, electrical characteristics, optical emission spectroscopy, temperature measurements, and bactericidal activity. The measurements demonstrate that the tested COST jets are reproducible, within the standard deviation, for each measurement.
Structural Change and Agricultural Protection: Costs of Korean Agricultural Policy, 1975 and 1990
Creators: name: Diao, Xinshen
name: Dyck, John H.
name: Skully, David W.
name: Somwaru, Agapi
name: Lee, Chinkook
name: Diao, Xinshen
name: Dyck, John H.
name: Skully, David W.
name: Somwaru, Agapi
name: Lee, Chinkook
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: South Korea
subject: food policy
subject: agricultural development
subject: computable general equilibrium
subject: protectionism
subject: trade liberalization
subject: rural development

description: The economic development of South Korea is often considered a model for developing countries. We use 1975 and 1990 data in a general equilibrium framework with a highly disaggregated sector specification to evaluate the opportunity cost of its agricultural protection. We show that although agriculture's share of the gross domestic product (GDP) declined between 1975 and 1990, the cost of agricultural protection, as measured by the loss in GDP, did not fall. The larger gap between domestic and world prices for the protected sectors exacerbated the distortions in resource allocation. Simulated removal of 1990 agricultural border protection reduced the share of agricultural GDP to the level actually observed in 1996, demonstrating how protection can impede economic structural development. The public policy implication is for developing countries to adopt policies that help the agricultural sector become competitive. Otherwise, as in Korea, the resource costs of delaying adjustment grow over time.
Strong coupling diagnostics for multi-mode open systems
Creators: name: Kow, C.
name: Xiao, Z.
name: Metelmann, A.
name: Kamal, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new method to diagnose strong coupling in multi-mode open systems. Our method presents a non-trivial extension of exceptional point (EP) analysis employed for such systems; specifically, we show how eigenvectors can not only reproduce all the features predicted by EPs but are also able to identify the physical modes that hybridize in different regions of the strong coupling regime. As a demonstration, we apply this method to study hybridization physics in a three-mode optomechanical system and determine the parameter regime for efficient sideband cooling of the mechanical oscillator in the presence of reservoir correlations.
description: 10+ pages, 6 figures
Strongly Enhanced Hole-Phonon Coupling in the Metallic State of the Dilute Two-Dimensional Hole Gas
Creators: name: Gao, X. P. A.
name: Boebinger, G. S.
name: Mills, A. P.
name: Ramirez, A. P.
name: Pfeiffer, L. N.
name: West, K. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the temperature dependent phonon emission rate $P$($T$) of a strongly interacting ($r_s\geq$22) dilute 2D GaAs hole system using a standard carrier heating technique. In the still poorly understood metallic state, we observe that $P$($T$) changes from $P$($T$)$\sim T^5$ to $P$($T$)$\sim T^7$ above 100mK, indicating a crossover from screened piezoelectric(PZ) coupling to screened deformation potential(DP) coupling for hole-phonon scattering. Quantitative comparison with theory shows that the long range PZ coupling between holes and phonons has the expected magnitude; however, in the metallic state, the short range DP coupling between holes and phonons is {\it almost twenty times stronger} than expected from theory. The density dependence of $P$($T$) shows that it is {\it easier} to cool low density 2D holes in GaAs than higher density 2D hole systems.
description: To appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
Supernova Remnant 1987A: Opening the Future by Reaching the Past
Creators: name: Park, Sangwook
name: Zhekov, Svetozar A.
name: Burrows, David N.
name: McCray, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an up-turn in the soft X-ray light curve of supernova remnant (SNR) 1987A in late 2003 (~6200 days after the explosion), as observed with the Chandra X-ray Observatory. Since early 2004, the rapid increase of the 0.5-2 keV band X-ray light curve can no longer be described by the exponential density distribution model with which we successfully fitted the data between 1990 and 2003. Around day ~6200, we also find that the fractional contribution to the observed soft X-ray flux from the decelerated shock begins to exceed that of the fast shock and that the X-ray brightening becomes "global" rather than "spotty". We interpret these results as evidence that the blast wave has reached the main body of the dense circumstellar material all around the inner ring. This interpretation is supported by other recent observations, including a deceleration of the radial expansion of the X-ray remnant, a significant up-turn in the mid-IR intensities, and the prevalence of the optical hot spots around the entire inner ring, all of which occur at around day 6000. In contrast to the soft X-ray light curve, the hard band (3-10 keV) X-ray light curve increases at a much lower rate which is rather similar to the radio light curve. The hard X-ray emission may thus originate from the reverse shock where the radio emission is likely produced. Alternatively, the low increase rate of the hard X-rays may simply be a result of the continuous softening of the overall X-ray spectrum.
description: AASTex preprint style 12 pages including 1 table and 4 figures, Accepted by ApJL
Machine Learning for Intrusion Detection in Industrial Control Systems: Applications, Challenges, and Recommendations
Creators: name: Umer, Muhammad Azmi
name: Junejo, Khurum Nazir
name: Jilani, Muhammad Taha
name: Mathur, Aditya P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Methods from machine learning are being applied to design Industrial Control Systems resilient to cyber-attacks. Such methods focus on two major areas: the detection of intrusions at the network-level using the information acquired through network packets, and detection of anomalies at the physical process level using data that represents the physical behavior of the system. This survey focuses on four types of methods from machine learning in use for intrusion and anomaly detection, namely, supervised, semi-supervised, unsupervised, and reinforcement learning. Literature available in the public domain was carefully selected, analyzed, and placed in a 7-dimensional space for ease of comparison. The survey is targeted at researchers, students, and practitioners. Challenges associated in using the methods and research gaps are identified and recommendations are made to fill the gaps.
Open string topological amplitudes and gaugino masses
Creators: name: Antoniadis, I.
name: Narain, K. S.
name: Taylor, T. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the moduli-dependent couplings of the higher derivative F-terms $(\Tr W^2)^{h-1}$, where $W$ is the gauge N=1 chiral superfield. They are determined by the genus zero topological partition function $F^{(0,h)}$, on a world-sheet with $h$ boundaries. By string duality, these terms are also related to heterotic topological amplitudes studied in the past, with the topological twist applied only in the left-moving supersymmetric sector of the internal $N=(2,0)$ superconformal field theory. The holomorphic anomaly of these couplings relates them to terms of the form $Π^n({\rm Tr}W^2)^{h-2}$, where $Π$'s represent chiral projections of non-holomorphic functions of chiral superfields. An important property of these couplings is that they violate R-symmetry for $h\ge 3$. As a result, once supersymmetry is broken by D-term expectation values, $(\Tr W^2)^2$ generates gaugino masses that can be hierarchically smaller than the scalar masses, behaving as $m_{1/2}\sim m_0^4$ in string units. Similarly, $Π{\rm Tr}W^2$ generates Dirac masses for non-chiral brane fermions, of the same order of magnitude. This mechanism can be used for instance to obtain fermion masses at the TeV scale for scalar masses as high as $m_0\sim{\cal O}(10^{13})$ GeV. We present explicit examples in toroidal string compactifications with intersecting D-branes.
description: 57 pages, 6 figures; Abstract and references corrected
A CONSIDERATION OF THE DEVOLUTION OF FEDERAL AGRICULTURAL POLICY
Creators: name: Gundersen, Craig
name: Kuhn, Betsey A.
name: Offutt, Susan E.
name: Morehart, Mitchell J.
name: Gundersen, Craig
name: Kuhn, Betsey A.
name: Offutt, Susan E.
name: Morehart, Mitchell J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Public policy
subject: devolution
subject: agricultural policy
subject: program delivery

description: Diverse needs and preferences across the United States provide justification for the devolution, or decentralization, of many Federal Government programs to the State or local level. The move toward devolution, however, has not been evidenced in U.S. agricultural policy, despite significant differences across States in such areas as commodity production, production costs, income distribution, and opportunities for off-farm work. The existing structure of USDA funding and program delivery already reflects an appreciation of the gains from devolution, with some programs accommodating differences in State and regional preferences. This report considers the implications of devolving $22 billion in 2003 budget outlays, mostly for domestic commodity and natural resource programs and rural development and housing programs. The local knowledge of needs and references is valuable and can provide the basis for increased program efficiency.