cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Time-frequency and time-scale analysis of deformed stationary processes, with application to non-stationary sound modeling
Creators: name: Omer, H
name: Torrésani, B
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A class of random non-stationary signals termed timbre x dynamics is introduced and studied. These signals are obtained by non-linear transformations of sta-tionary random gaussian signals, in such a way that the transformation can be approximated by translations in an appropriate representation domain. In such situations, approximate maximum likelihood estimation techniques can be de-rived, which yield simultaneous estimation of the transformation and the power spectrum of the underlying stationary signal. This paper focuses on the case of modulation and time warping of station-ary signals, and proposes and studies estimation algorithms (based on time-frequency and time-scale representations respectively) for these quantities of interest. The proposed approach is validated on numerical simulations on synthetic signals, and examples on real life car engine sounds.
description: Applied and Computational Harmonic Analysis, Elsevier, 2016, \<10.1016/j.acha.2015.10.002\>
Local conditions for the decentralization of energy systems
Creators: name: Arvanitopoulos, Theodoros
name: Wilson, Charlie
name: Ferrini, Silvia
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine
Pharmacology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Local energy systems (LES) are designed to decarbonize, balance, and coordinate supply, storage and demand resources. Which local conditions enable LES to flourish? Using a unique dataset of 146 LES projects in the UK from 2010 to 2020, we apply econometric methods to identify energy, institutional and socio-economic conditions significantly associated with LES, but not other local energy forms. We show distributed power generation, low-carbon infrastructure firm activity, local government strategy and active energy efficiency markets are enablers of LES involving multiple actors, sectors and skill sets. These conditions describe a clear policy agenda for stimulating and supporting emerging local energy markets.
Examining the Use of Biomedicine and Folk Medicine across Socioeconomic Factors and Health in China
Creators: name: Chandra, Archita
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: The current study analyzes the influences of access to biomedicine and folk medicine on the relationship between socioeconomic factors (measured by income and urbanicity) and health outcomes (measured by infectious and chronic disease prevalence). This study tests a medical system mediational framework whereby socioeconomic factors influence health through access to biomedical preventive care and TCM resources. This framework was tested against a disease prevention mediational framework whereby socioeconomic factors influenced the use of different health resources through health outcomes. Both frameworks were tested when infectious and chronic disease prevalence was compared to the general sample and when the two disease groups were compared to each other. This epidemiological study analyzed data from the 2011 wave of the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), which included respondents in a multistage random cluster design from industrial urban and rural centers across nine provinces in China. Results showed that while biomedical preventive care and TCM individually accounted for variations in how socioeconomic factors impacted disease prevalence, socioeconomic factors did not affect health through this access to health resources. As such, it seems that access to both biomedical and folk medical health resources seems to affect socioeconomic factors’ influence on health through mechanisms completely independent of the given relationship. In contrast, results for the disease prevention mediational framework when disease prevalence was compared with each other showed that the socioeconomic factor of income affected TCM use through health outcomes. As such, it seems that health outcomes may affect how socioeconomic factors effect access to biomedical and folk medical health resources.
The misalignment of fiscal multipliers in Italian regions
Creators: name: Lucidi, Francesco Simone
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy
Computational Biology

description: This paper estimates fiscal multipliers resulting from shocks to current public expenditure, total public revenues, and public investment in Italian regions by accounting for the structural heterogeneity between Northern and Southern economies. The estimation is carried out by estimating a Bayesian panel vector autoregression, where the structural shocks are identified using sign restrictions suggested by economic theory. The results shed new light on regional fiscal shocks’ magnitude and propagation. Moreover, a misalignment of fiscal multipliers is revealed, possibly policy relevant to local and central authorities.
Fast k-NN search
Creators: name: Hyvönen, Ville
name: Pitkänen, Teemu
name: Tasoulis, Sotiris
name: Jääsaari, Elias
name: Tuomainen, Risto
name: Wang, Liang
name: Corander, Jukka
name: Roos, Teemu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Efficient index structures for fast approximate nearest neighbor queries are required in many applications such as recommendation systems. In high-dimensional spaces, many conventional methods suffer from excessive usage of memory and slow response times. We propose a method where multiple random projection trees are combined by a novel voting scheme. The key idea is to exploit the redundancy in a large number of candidate sets obtained by independently generated random projections in order to reduce the number of expensive exact distance evaluations. The method is straightforward to implement using sparse projections which leads to a reduced memory footprint and fast index construction. Furthermore, it enables grouping of the required computations into big matrix multiplications, which leads to additional savings due to cache effects and low-level parallelization. We demonstrate by extensive experiments on a wide variety of data sets that the method is faster than existing partitioning tree or hashing based approaches, making it the fastest available technique on high accuracy levels.
My Musical Self : Examining Social Influences of Community Band Membership on Musical Identity Using Social Identity Theory
Creators: name: Lummiss, Megan K. E.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2023
Subjects: Music Education
Adult Learning
Musical Identity
Lifelong Learning

description: Research demonstrates that involvement in musical ensembles provides an environment for individuals to grow personally, musically, socially, and independently (Cavitt, 2005; Coffin, 2005; Coffman, 2002, 2006, 2008; Coffman & Adamek, 2001; Dabback, 2008; Taylor, Kruse, Nickel, Lee, & Bowen, 2011). Typically, research with community bands focuses on older adults who are in the retirement phase of life (see Ernst, 2001; Ernst & Emmons, 1992; Dabback, 2008; Hays, 2004; Hays & Minichiello, 2005; Coffman, 2002, 2006, 2008; Southcott, 2009). However, many community bands are seeing more of an intergenerational aspect to community band membership. The current study explored how individual participation in intergenerational community concert bands influences participants' musical identity with respect to: a) the instrument, the section, and the band as a whole?; b) prolonged membership and multi-band membership?; and c) learning new musical repertoire. Adopting a qualitative multiple case study approach and guided by a Social Identity Theory and musical identity theoretical framework, this study included fourteen participants (N=14) from three community concert bands in Eastern Ontario. Each participant completed a demographic questionnaire, a series of four journal entries, one virtual semi-structured interview, and one virtual focus group session with participants from the same respective band. Data was analyzed using Bloomberg and Volpe’s (2008) "roadmap" to identify the themes both within and across cases (Miles & Huberman, 1994; Seidman, 2006). The main findings of this study relate to how musical identity is influenced by group membership, social comparisons, and perceived musical ability to influence the well-being of intergenerational community band members. Further implications relate to the value of music education and lifelong learning.
Brewing at the time of COVID: the impact of the pandemic crisis on UK craft breweries and its implications for the sector and local economies
Creators: name: Cabras, Ignazio
name: Shakina, Ekaterina
name: Waehning, Nadine
name: Sohns, Franziska
name: Bosworth, Gary
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Ecology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: The COVID-19 crisis has had a significant impact on UK craft breweries. In this paper we explore and assess the impact of COVID-19 on the UK craft beer sector from a locational perspective, targeting entrepreneurial responses from breweries within and across the urban, suburban and rural dimensions. Using a mix of quantitative and qualitative data collected between 2015 and 2022, we identify a marked geographical contextualization in terms of how UK craft breweries adapted and responded to the pandemic crisis, which explains how location shaped and still shape breweries’ strategies in a post-COVID-19 ‘new normal’ world.
The number and degree distribution of spanning trees in the Tower of Hanoi graph
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhongzhi
name: Wu, Shunqi
name: Li, Mingyun
name: Comellas, Francesc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The number of spanning trees of a graph is an important invariant related to topological and dynamic properties of the graph, such as its reliability, communication aspects, synchronization, and so on. However, the practical enumeration of spanning trees and the study of their properties remain a challenge, particularly for large networks. In this paper, we study the num- ber and degree distribution of the spanning trees in the Hanoi graph. We first establish recursion relations between the number of spanning trees and other spanning subgraphs of the Hanoi graph, from which we find an exact analytical expression for the number of spanning trees of the n-disc Hanoi graph. This result allows the calculation of the spanning tree entropy which is then compared with those for other graphs with the same average degree. Then, we introduce a vertex labeling which allows to find, for each vertex of the graph, its degree distribution among all possible spanning trees.
description: 25 pages, 8 figures
Radiation Heat Transfer in Particle-Laden Gaseous Flame: Flame Acceleration and Triggering Detonation
Creators: name: Liberman, M. A.
name: Ivanov, M. F
name: Kiverin, A. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study we examine influence of the radiation heat transfer on the combustion regimes in the mixture, formed by suspension of fine inert particles in hydrogen gas. The gaseous phase is assumed to be transparent for the thermal radiation, while the radiant heat absorbed by the particles is then lost by conduction to the surrounding gas. The particles and gas ahead of the flame is assumed to be heated by radiation from the original flame. It is shown that the maximum temperature increase due to the radiation preheating becomes larger for a flame with lower velocity. For a flame with small enough velocity temperature of the radiation preheating may exceed the crossover temperature, so that the radiation heat transfer may become a dominant mechanism of the flame propagation. In the case of non-uniform distribution of particles, the temperature gradient formed due to the radiation preheating can initiate either deflagration or detonation ahead of the original flame via the Zel'dovich's gradient mechanism. The initiated combustion regime ignited in the preheat zone ahead of the flame depends on the radiation absorption length and on the steepness of the formed temperature gradient. Scenario of the detonation triggering via the temperature gradient mechanism formed due to the radiation preheating is plausible explanation of the transition to detonation in Supernovae Type Ia explosion.
description: 37 pages, 14 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1506.03994, arXiv:1406.4058
Level Set Jet Schemes for Stiff Advection Equations: The SemiJet Method
Creators: name: Velmurugan, Guhan
name: Kolahdouz, Ebrahim M.
name: Salac, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Many interfacial phenomena in physical and biological systems are dominated by high order geometric quantities such as curvature. Here a semi-implicit method is combined with a level set jet scheme to handle stiff nonlinear advection problems. The new method offers an improvement over the semi-implicit gradient augmented level set method previously introduced by requiring only one smoothing step when updating the level set jet function while still preserving the underlying methods higher accuracy. Sample results demonstrate that accuracy is not sacrificed while strict time step restrictions can be avoided.
Alignment sensing and control for squeezed vacuum states of light
Creators: name: Schreiber, Emil
name: Dooley, Kathrine L.
name: Vahlbruch, Henning
name: Affeldt, Christoph
name: Bisht, Aparna
name: Leong, Jonathan R.
name: Lough, James
name: Prijatelj, Mirko
name: Slutsky, Jacob
name: Was, Michal
name: Wittel, Holger
name: Danzmann, Karsten
name: Grote, Hartmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Beam alignment is an important practical aspect of the application of squeezed states of light. Misalignments in the detection of squeezed light result in a reduction of the observable squeezing level. In the case of squeezed vacuum fields that contain only very few photons, special measures must be taken in order to sense and control the alignment of the essentially dark beam. The GEO600 gravitational wave detector employs a squeezed vacuum source to improve its detection sensitivity beyond the limits set by classical quantum shot noise. Here, we present our design and implementation of an alignment sensing and control scheme that ensures continuous optimal alignment of the squeezed vacuum field at GEO 600 on long time scales in the presence of free-swinging optics. This first demonstration of a squeezed light automatic alignment system will be of particular interest for future long-term applications of squeezed vacuum states of light.
Barriers to Child Participation in a Medicaid Program Providing Oral Health Care in Medical Offices
Creators: name: Seagroves, Jackson Tyler
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Background: Dental caries, commonly known as tooth decay, is one of the most prevalent
chronic diseases in the United States despite being largely preventable. Early childhood caries
(ECC) are particularly detrimental to pediatric health and are more prevalent among children of
lower socioeconomic status, presenting a problem to poorer states with a low dentist-to-population
ratio such as North Carolina (NC). Into the Mouths of Babes (IMB) is an NC program
that addresses ECC and dentist shortage by reimbursing physicians for administering preventive
dental treatments and providing oral health education to children enrolled in Medicaid.
Objective: This study determines the effect of distance a child must travel to an IMB provider on
utilization of IMB services, controlling for dentist utilization and demographic factors. Data
sources: Claims data from 2013 to 2015 for children who utilized IMB services in North
Carolina. Methods: This retrospective longitudinal study used data provided by North Carolina
Division of Medical Assistance (NC-DMA), the organization that administers Medicaid in NC.
A zero-truncated Poisson regression model was used to determine the effect of distance to an
IMB provider on number of IMB visits, while including dentist visits, age at first IMB visit, race,
ethnicity, and gender as predictors. Results: Distance travelled to an IMB provider slightly
decreased IMB utilization. The most influential predictor of IMB utilization was a child’s
utilization of dental services. Demographic factors such as race and ethnicity were related to
IMB utilization. Conclusions: These results show that there is a substantial relationship between
dentist visits and utilization of IMB services; future research should investigate this relationship.
Travel distance does not appear to be an influential barrier to IMB participation, so NC-DMA
and state policymakers should consider focusing on reducing other barriers to pediatric access to
IMB services.
Characterization of finite groups generated by reflections and rotations
Creators: name: Lange, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57Q99, 54B15, 20F55

description: We characterize finite groups G generated by orthogonal transformations in a finite-dimensional Euclidean space V whose fixed point subspace has codimension one or two in terms of the corresponding quotient space V/G with its quotient piecewise linear structure.
description: revised version, accepted by Journal of Topology
Industry evolution, resilience and regional embeddedness: the case of the Danish microbrewing industry
Creators: name: Andersen, Poul Houman
name: Christensen, Jesper Lindgaard
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Marine Biology
Science Policy

description: Excess capacity and increased competition in the Danish microbrewing industry have created a burgeoning shakeout, which has been accelerated by the Covid-19 crisis. We discuss which types of firms are likely to survive this, specifically, to what extent such firms use regional embeddedness as a survival strategy. Using three different types of data, we demonstrate that firms’ regional and local embeddedness is widely used to shelter them from competition pressures. Moreover, the passion among owners and investors for the sector (and its products) alters the purely economic rationality that generally, according to theoretical predictions, determines whether firms survive industry shakeout.
Map Kerala Initiative: Unveiling Kerala's Open Data Landscape
Creators: name: Karingamadathil, Manoj
name: R T, Athul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: State of the Map 2024
OpenStreetMap
SotM2024
MapKerala
OpenDataKerala
Kerala
Disaster Resilience
OpenGeoData
Map Kerala Portal
OSMIndia
Participatory Mpping

description: Prepared for 2024 Posters - State of the Map 2024 – Nairobi, Kenya
Alternative confidence interval estimation for the mean and coefficient of variation in a two-parameter exponential distribution
Creators: name: Sangnawakij, Patarawan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Virology

description: This paper presents interval estimation for the population mean and coefficient of variation in a two-parameter exponential distribution. The new generalized pivot, profile likelihood function and likelihood ratio statistic are derived and used to construct the confidence intervals. A highlight of this paper is that the generalized and likelihood ratio confidence intervals for the mean and coefficient of variation perform well in terms of coverage probability in many cases. Finally, two real-data applications on the air pollution of particulate matter (PM2.5) and the renewable energy through wind power of Thailand are used for illustration purposes.
Competing $γ$-rigid and $γ$-stable vibrations in neutron rich Gd and Dy isotopes
Creators: name: Budaca, R.
name: Budaca, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An exactly separable version of the Bohr Hamiltonian which combines the $γ$-stable and $γ$-rigid axial vibration-rotation is used to describe the collective properties of few neutron rich transitional nuclei. The coupling between the two types of collective motion is managed through a rigidity parameter which also influences the geometry of the shape-phase space. While the $γ$-angular part of the problem associated to axially symmetric shapes is treated within the small angles approximation and the stiff $γ$ oscillation hypothesis, the $β$ vibration is described by means of a Davidson potential. The resulting model have three free parameters not counting the scale and was successfully applied for the description of the collective spectra for few heavier isotopes of Gd and Dy. In both cases a critical nucleus was identified through a discontinuous behavior in respect to the rigidity parameter and relevant experimental observables.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables
Understanding Perinatal Bereavement in the Setting of Unexpected Loss: A Comprehensive Literature Review
Creators: name: Weatherby, Nora
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Perinatal loss can be a life-changing, devastating event for families who experience
miscarriage, stillbirth or an unexpected fetal diagnosis leading to death. Grief is an individual
process experienced in the setting of loss that has no time frame or measure. For families given
an unexpected prenatal diagnosis or experiencing death of an infant, grief can be more
distressing and traumatic than other grief reactions. To look at bereavement issues from the
perspective of the patient can give insight into the complexity of grief itself and its clinical
presentation to better meet the specific needs of families experiencing perinatal loss. This
integrative review of literature aims to investigate the characteristics of bereavement and grief
responses in the setting of perinatal loss. There has been little work done on the integration of
grief into individuals’ and couples’ lives after a perinatal loss. The goal of learning more about
this process is to contribute to a growing body of research that could lead to the development of
evidence based interventions to support the well-being of individuals and couples who are
grieving after experiencing perinatal loss. How we care for families during times of birth and
death speaks to our values and care for all people across the lifespan.
The nuclear dimension of C*-algebras associated to homeomorphisms
Creators: name: Hirshberg, Ilan
name: Wu, Jianchao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that if X is a finite dimensional locally compact Hausdorff space, then the crossed product of C_0(X) by any automorphism has finite nuclear dimension. This generalizes previous results, in which the automorphism was required to be free. As an application, we show that group C*-algebras of certain non-nilpotent groups have finite nuclear dimension.
description: With an appendix by Gabor Szabo. 28 pages. Minor typos corrected. To appear, Adv. Math. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1308.5418 by other authors
Negative Magnetoresistance in Dirac Semimetal Cd3As2
Creators: name: Li, Hui
name: He, Hongtao
name: Lu, Hai-Zhou
name: Zhang, Huachen
name: Liu, Hongchao
name: Ma, Rong
name: Fan, Zhiyong
name: Shen, Shun-Qing
name: Wang, Jiannong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A large negative magnetoresistance is anticipated in topological semimetals in the parallel magnetic and electric field configuration as a consequence of the nontrivial topological properties. The negative magnetoresistance is believed to demonstrate the chiral anomaly, a long-sought high-energy physics effect, in solid-state systems. Recent experiments reveal that Cd3As2, a Dirac topological semimetal, has the record-high mobility and exhibits positive linear magnetoresistance in the orthogonal magnetic and electric field configuration. However, the negative magnetoresistance in the parallel magnetic and electric field configuration remains unveiled. Here, we report the observation of the negative magnetoresistance in Cd3As2 microribbons in the parallel magnetic and electric field configuration as large as 66% at 50 K and even visible at room temperatures. The observed negative magnetoresistance is sensitive to the angle between magnetic and electrical field, robust against temperature, and dependent on the carrier density. We have found that carrier densities of our Cd3As2 samples obey an Arrhenius's law, decreasing from 3.0x10^17 cm^-3 at 300 K to 2.2x10^16 cm^-3 below 50 K. The low carrier densities result in the large values of the negative magnetoresistance. We therefore attribute the observed negative magnetoresistance to the chiral anomaly. Furthermore, in the perpendicular magnetic and electric field configuration a positive non-saturating linear magnetoresistance up to 1670% at 14 T and 2 K is also observed. This work demonstrates potential applications of topological semimetals in magnetic devices.
Steady-state entanglement enhanced by a dissipative ancilla
Creators: name: Fischbach, Joachim
name: Freyberger, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate how to enhance entanglement in the steady state of interacting two-level systems. The steady state is reached by spontaneous decay of the individual systems. When we additionally couple them to a dissipative two-level ancilla with variable eigenfrequency and coupling strength, we observe a considerable enhancement effect in the entanglement of this steady state. Moreover, we see that the increased entanglement is directly connected to the selection of certain excited states via the environment disturbing the ancilla. This effect could be used in dissipative state preparation schemes as well as a testbed for decoherence models.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. A http://journals.aps.org/pra/
A Self Fulfilling Prophecy
Creators: name: Twiddy, Jack
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: My work deals with the notion that our understanding of death – as an inevitable consequence of life – is rationally unjustified, and further that our assumption of our own mortality serves as a self-fulfilling prophecy preventing us from overcoming this existential challenge. I see a twofold task for myself here: Firstly, to reach the viewer and get them to take such an idea seriously, and secondly, to provide a detailed and scientific rationale for the pursuit of an indefinite lifespan, as well as a plan for how to accomplish this feat. In my various pursuits, I address both components of this idea. My written work primarily deals with the latter goal, and my artwork is geared specifically towards the former. The work that I've produced for my thesis deals with the notion of the self-fulfilling prophecy, and how this relates to our society's treatment of death. It serves as an attempt to break through the defense mechanisms of the viewer, to get them to realistically consider the seriousness of their life in a world where mortality is as-of-yet guaranteed, and to hopefully open their mind – through desperation, if for no other reason – to the possibility of our societal pursuit of radical life extension. It is my hope that in doing so, I might be able to inspire the general public – one individual at a time – to seriously consider and accept the very real possibility of overcoming the current mortal status of our species, and thus lift the current barriers to the research and political and economic support necessary to make such a goal a reality.
Time-dependent study of a black-hole laser in a flowing atomic condensate
Creators: name: de Nova, J. R. M.
name: Finazzi, S.
name: Carusotto, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically study the temporal evolution of a black-hole laser configuration displaying a pair of black and white hole horizons in a flowing atomic condensate. This configuration is initially prepared starting from a homogeneous flow via a suitable space-dependent change of the interaction constant and the evolution is then followed up to long times. Depending on the values of the system parameters, the system typically either converges to the lowest energy solution by evaporating away the horizons or displays a continuous and periodic coherent emission of solitons. By making a physical comparison with optical laser devices, we identify the latter regime of continuous emission of solitons as the proper black-hole laser effect. We include some movies of the temporal evolution of the spatial density and velocity profiles in the most significant cases.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, 12 videos
Escaping the Rabbit Hole:  The Principles of Occupation Policy and the U.S. Occupation of Japan
Creators: name: Shanahan, Michael
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: This study will evaluate U.S. occupation policy to generate a set of basic principles that seem to correlate to success in military occupations. While this set of principles is not exhaustive, they will generate a better understanding of the nature of military occupation and the forms of policy that are vital to its success. The evaluation of policy at the heart of this work will focus on one of the more important occupations in world history: the U.S. military occupation of Japan from 1945 to 1952.
A quantum fiber-pigtail
Creators: name: Cadeddu, Davide
name: Teissier, Jean
name: Braakman, Floris
name: Gregersen, Niels
name: Stepanov, Petr
name: Gérard, Jean-Michel
name: Claudon, Julien
name: Warburton, Richard J.
name: Poggio, Martino
name: Munsch, Mathieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the experimental realization of a quantum fiber-pigtail. The device consists of a semiconductor quantum-dot embedded into a conical photonic wire that is directly connected to the core of a fiber-pigtail. We demonstrate a photon collection efficiency at the output of the fiber of 5.8% and suggest realistic improvements for the implementation of a useful device in the context of quantum information. We finally discuss potential applications in scanning probe microscopy.
Recomendações para a transição ecologica do cultivo do olival
Creators: name: Gallego, Jose Lietor
name: Ruiz, Roberto García
name: Rojas, José Muñoz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Transição ecologica
olival

description: Following the results obtained by SUSTAINOLIVE research, a catalog of recommendations was designed with the aim of developing policies that stimulate and enhance sustainable management practices in olive groves in the short and medium term.
Predictors of Psychological Distress in Low Income Mothers
Creators: name: Adams, Harry
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Purpose: Worldwide at least 10% women experience psychological distress, primarily depression, during the postpartum period. This rate is three to four folders higher for low-income women. The purpose of this study is to explore the extent to which social determinants of health factors and allostatic load (a biological measure of chronic stress) predict psychological distress in low-income pregnant women over the first postpartum year. Methods: We conducted a secondary data analysis using the Child Community Health Research Network (CCHN) dataset obtained via the National Institute of Child and Human Development. Our sample was 2510 mothers, mean age 25.6.  The psychological distress outcome variables were perceived stress, depression, and anxiety symptoms over the first year of postpartum. Our predictors were social determinates of health factors (e.g., demographic factors, maternal hardship, percent poverty level, interpersonal violence, food security) and allostatic load. We used logistic regression models to determine odd ratios for each individual predictor on each outcome of psychological distress over the first year postpartum. Results: Interpersonal violence and perceived food insecurity were significant risk factors of stress, depression and anxiety symptoms over the first year postpartum.  Other significant risk factors of psychological distress symptoms at individual time points included ethnicity, low poverty level, low education attainment, and public insurance status.Conclusions: This is one of the first studies to report risk factors for maternal psychological distress over the first year postpartum. The significance of risk factors for psychological distress change over time. These results indicate both modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors as potential targets for further research.
Decoupling of Deficiency Indices and Applications to Schrödinger-Type Operators with Possibly Strongly Singular Potentials
Creators: name: Gesztesy, Fritz
name: Mitrea, Marius
name: Nenciu, Irina
name: Teschl, Gerald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Primary 35J10, 35P05, Secondary 47B25, 81Q10

description: We investigate closed, symmetric $L^2(\mathbb{R}^n)$-realizations $H$ of Schrödinger-type operators $(- Δ+V)\upharpoonright_{C_0^{\infty}(\mathbb{R}^n \setminus Σ)}$ whose potential coefficient $V$ has a countable number of well-separated singularities on compact sets $Σ_j$, $j \in J$, of $n$-dimensional Lebesgue measure zero, with $J \subseteq \mathbb{N}$ an index set and $Σ= \bigcup_{j \in J} Σ_j$. We show that the defect, $\mathrm{def}(H)$, of $H$ can be computed in terms of the individual defects, $\mathrm{def}(H_j)$, of closed, symmetric $L^2(\mathbb{R}^n)$-realizations of $(- Δ+ V_j)\upharpoonright_{C_0^{\infty}(\mathbb{R}^n \setminus Σ_j)}$ with potential coefficient $V_j$ localized around the singularity $Σ_j$, $j \in J$, where $V = \sum_{j \in J} V_j$. In particular, we prove \[ \mathrm{def}(H) = \sum_{j \in J} \mathrm{def}(H_j), \] including the possibility that one, and hence both sides equal $\infty$. We first develop an abstract approach to the question of decoupling of deficiency indices and then apply it to the concrete case of Schrödinger-type operators in $L^2(\mathbb{R}^n)$. Moreover, we also show how operator (and form) bounds for $V$ relative to $H_0= - Δ\upharpoonright_{H^2(\mathbb{R}^n)}$ can be estimated in terms of the operator (and form) bounds of $V_j$, $j \in J$, relative to $H_0$. Again, we first prove an abstract result and then show its applicability to Schrödinger-type operators in $L^2(\mathbb{R}^n)$. Extensions to second-order (locally uniformly) elliptic differential operators on $\mathbb{R}^n$ with a possibly strongly singular potential coefficient are treated as well.
description: 33 pages
The Impact of School Shootings on Birthrates in America
Creators: name: Hahn, Austin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: The research in this paper investigates the relationship between school shootings and birthrates within United States counties used fixed and random effects regression models. Existing research shows that school shootings have the potential to leave similar effects on a community as a terrorist attack, which themselves have been shown to lower birthrate and fertility rate at the country level. Using demographic and economic information, as well as a database of school shootings in the U.S., it was estimated whether the presence and fatality of a school shooting had an impact on a county’s birthrate one and two years later. The model did not find robust results showing a link. However, whiter counties showed a higher sensitivity and potential to lower birthrates following a shooting, while lower income communities may respond with a slightly higher birthrate.
A finiteness condition on centralizers in locally nilpotent groups
Creators: name: Fernandez-Alcober, Gustavo A.
name: Legarreta, Leire
name: Tortora, Antonio
name: Tota, Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give a detailed description of infinite locally nilpotent groups G such that the index |C_G (x) : | is finite, for every non-normal cyclic subgroup of G. We are also able to extend our analysis to all non-periodic groups satisfying a variation of our condition, where the requirement of finiteness is replaced with a bound.
description: 10 pages, submitted to an international journal. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1412.7330
Multi-wavelength study of flaring activity in BL Lac object S5 0716+714 during 2015 outburst
Creators: name: Chandra, Sunil
name: Zhang, Haocheng
name: Kushwaha, Pankaj
name: Singh, K. P.
name: Bottcher, M.
name: Kaur, Navpreet
name: Baliyan, K. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed investigation of the flaring activity observed from a BL Lac object, S5 0716+714 , during its brightest ever optical state in the second half of January 2015. Observed almost simultaneously in the optical, X-rays and γ-rays, a significant change in the degree of optical polarization (PD) and a swing in the position angle (PA) of polarization were recorded. A detection in the TeV (VHE) was also reported by the MAGIC consortium during this flaring episode. Two prominent sub-flares, peaking about 5-days apart, were seen in almost all the energy bands. The multi-wavelength light-curves, spectral energy distribution (SED) and polarization are modeled using the time-dependent code developed by Zhang et al. (2014). This model assumes a straight jet threaded by large scale helical magnetic fields taking into account the light travel time effects, incorporating synchrotron flux and polarization in 3D geometry. The rapid variation in PD and rotation in PA are most likely due to re-connections happening in the emission region in the jet, as suggested by the change in the ratio of toroidal to poloidal components of magnetic field during quiescent and flaring states.
description: Accepted for publication in the ApJ (5 Figures and two tables)
Unstable mode solutions to the Klein-Gordon equation in Kerr-anti-de Sitter spacetimes
Creators: name: Dold, Dominic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For any cosmological constant $Λ=-3/\ell^2<0$ and any $α<9/4$, we find a Kerr-AdS spacetime $(\mathcal M,g_{\mathrm{KAdS}})$, in which the Klein-Gordon equation $\Box_{g_{\mathrm{KAdS}}}ψ+α/\ell^2ψ=0$ has an exponentially growing mode solution satisfying a Dirichlet boundary condition at infinity. The spacetime violates the Hawking-Reall bound $r_+^2>|a|\ell$. We obtain an analogous result for Neumann boundary conditions if $5/4
description: 56 pages, 2 figures, final version with minor changes, to appear in Comm. Math. Phys
Impact of Spacing of Practice on Learning Brand Name and Generic Drugs
Creators: name: Terenyi, James
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Objective. To test the impact of schedules of retrieval practice on learning brand and generic namedrug information in a self-paced course.Methods. Students completed weekly quizzes on brand and generic name conversions for 100 commonlyprescribed drugs. Each student completed part of the drug list on a schedule of equal, expanding,or contracting spacing, one practice (massed) or study only in a partial block design.Results. On measures of long-term retention, the contracting spacing schedule led to superior retention(67%) compared to the massed practice (50%) and study-only condition (46%); contracting practicealso was significantly higher than expanding practice (58%,) or equal practice (59%). Overall performancedecreased by almost 50% (final exam 95%, long-term retention 55%) over a 6-week period.Conclusion. A contracting spacing schedule was the most effective schedule of practice, and allspacing schedules were superior to massed practice or study-only conditions.
Index calculation by means of harmonic expansion
Creators: name: Imamura, Yosuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review derivation of superconformal indices by means of supersymmetric localization and spherical harmonic expansion for 3d N=2, 4d N=1, and 6d N=(1,0) supersymmetric gauge theories. We demonstrate calculation of indices for vector multiplets in each dimensions by analysing energy eigenmodes in S^pxR. For the 6d index we consider the perturbative contribution only. We put focus on technical details of harmonic expansion rather than physical applications.
description: 26 pages, accepted for publication in PTEP
Lattice models of directed and semiflexible polymers in anisotropic environment
Creators: name: Haydukivska, K.
name: Blavatska, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the conformational properties of polymers in presence of extended columnar defects of parallel orientation. Two classes of macromolecules are considered: the so-called partially directed polymers with preferred orientation along direction of the external stretching field and semiflexible polymers. We are working within the frames of lattice models: partially directed self-avoiding walks (PDSAWs) and biased self-avoiding walks (BSAWs). Our numerical analysis of PDSAWs reveals, that competition between the stretching field and anisotropy caused by presence of extended defects leads to existing of three characteristic length scales in the system. At each fixed concentration of disorder we found a transition point, where the influence of extended defects is exactly counterbalanced by the stretching field. Numerical simulations of BSAWs in anisotropic environment reveal an increase of polymer stiffness. In particular, the persistence length of semiflexible polymers increases in presence of disorder.
Single-Source Gravitational Wave Limits from the J1713+0747 24-hr Global Campaign
Creators: name: Dolch, T.
name: Ellis, J. A.
name: Chatterjee, S.
name: Cordes, J. M.
name: Lam, M. T.
name: Bassa, C.
name: Bhattacharyya, B.
name: Champion, D. J.
name: Cognard, I.
name: Crowter, K.
name: Demorest, P. B.
name: Hessels, J. W. T.
name: Janssen, G.
name: Jenet, F. A.
name: Jones, G.
name: Jordan, C.
name: Karuppusamy, R.
name: Keith, M.
name: Kondratiev, V. I.
name: Kramer, M.
name: Lazarus, P.
name: Lazio, T. J. W.
name: Lorimer, D. R.
name: Madison, D. R.
name: McLaughlin, M. A.
name: Palliyaguru, N.
name: Perrodin, D.
name: Ransom, S. M.
name: Roy, J.
name: Shannon, R. M.
name: Smits, R.
name: Stairs, I. H.
name: Stappers, B. W.
name: Stinebring, D. R.
name: Stovall, K.
name: Verbiest, J. P. W.
name: Zhu, W. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dense, continuous pulsar timing observations over a 24-hr period provide a method for probing intermediate gravitational wave (GW) frequencies from 10 microhertz to 20 millihertz. The European Pulsar Timing Array (EPTA), the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav), the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array (PPTA), and the combined International Pulsar Timing Array (IPTA) all use millisecond pulsar observations to detect or constrain GWs typically at nanohertz frequencies. In the case of the IPTA's nine-telescope 24-Hour Global Campaign on millisecond pulsar J1713+0747, GW limits in the intermediate frequency regime can be produced. The negligible change in dispersion measure during the observation minimizes red noise in the timing residuals, constraining any contributions from GWs due to individual sources. At 10$^{-5}$Hz, the 95% upper limit on strain is 10$^{-11}$ for GW sources in the pulsar's direction.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, published in the proceedings of Amaldi 11
Structure of self-assembled Mn atom chains on Si(001)
Creators: name: Villarreal, R.
name: Longobardi, M.
name: Köster, S. A.
name: Kirkham, Ch. J.
name: Bowler, D.
name: Renner, Ch.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mn has been found to self-assemble into atomic chains running perpendicular to the surface dimer reconstruction on Si(001). They differ from other atomic chains by a striking asymmetric appearance in filled state scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images. This has prompted complicated structural models involving up to three Mn atoms per chain unit. Combining STM, atomic force microscopy and density functional theory we find that a simple necklace-like chain of single Mn atoms reproduces all their prominent features, including their asymmetry not captured by current models. The upshot is a remarkably simpler structure for modelling the electronic and magnetic properties of Mn atom chains on Si(001).
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Momentum Maps for Smooth Projective Unitary Representations
Creators: name: Janssens, Bas
name: Neeb, Karl-Hermann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 17B15, 17B56, 17B65, 22E45, 22E60, 22E65, 22E66

description: For a smooth projective unitary representation of a locally convex Lie group G, the projective space of smooth vectors is a locally convex Kaehler manifold. We show that the action of G on this space is weakly Hamiltonian, and lifts to a Hamiltonian action of the central U(1)-extension of G obtained from the projective representation. We identify the non-equivariance cocycles obtained from the weakly Hamiltonian action with those obtained from the projective representation, and give some integrality conditions on the image of the momentum map.
description: 13 pages