Panurginus crawfordi Cockerell
Creators: name: Romankova, Tatiana G.
name: Astafurova, Yulia V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: 4. Panurginus crawfordi Cockerell
Panurginus crawfordi Cockerell, 1914: 279, 3; Yasumatsu, 1950: 1483, Ƥ; Hirashima, 1966: 123; Osytshnjuk, 1995: 525.
Diagnosis. Panurginus crawfordi is closer to the species of niger -group by lacking of hair tufts on S6, S7 with narrow apical bifurcation, S8 flaps short, and apical part of penis valve triangularly enlarged and bent inside. Meanwhile, the S6 apical elevation is very specific, wing-like; apical plate of S8 with postero-lateral angles hook-like, bent ventro-anteriorly and pointed, that is unique among Panurginus; gonostylus is wider than at P. niger or P. romani. The female with epistomal suture indistinct, and subantennal sutures very thin and shallow (at all congeners distinct and deep). Additionally, P. c r a w f o rd i is well distinguishable by the narrow labral plate, medially flattened in longitudinal carina or knob-like (at all other species it is twice as wide as long, transversal, flattened dorso-ventrally).
Geographical distribution. Russia (South of the Russian Far East, Primorskiy Kray) (Osytshnjuk, 1995; Proshchalykin, Quest, 2009); Japan: Honshu, Shykoku and Kyushu Islands (Cockerell, 1914); Korea (Tadauchi, Lee, 1992). It is the only Panurginus species known from Japan and Korea.
Type material. Type not examined (depository: USNM, Washington, USA). Since the species is very distinct; the descriptions were done using the specimens from Japan and the Russian Far East.
Material examined (20Ƥ, 323). RUSSIA: Primorskiy Kray: Lazovskiy Natural Reserve, 2.VII.1975, 1Ƥ, TR; 25.VI.1976, 1Ƥ, TR; 27.VI.1976, 1Ƥ, TR; 1.VII.1976, 6Ƥ, TR; 2.VIII.1976, 1Ƥ, TR; Benevskoye, 28.V.1980, 2Ƥ, 33, on Taraxacum sp., TR [A.Osytshnjuk det.1988]; Kanikheza, 25.V.1981, 1Ƥ, TR 9.VI.1981, 1Ƥ, N. Moroz; Barabash Levada, 4.VI.1980, 13, AL (IZAN); Kamen–Rybolov, 23–29. V.1983, 23 (ZISP), 1Ƥ, 153 (IZAN), on Malus sp., TR [A. Osytshnjuk det 1988]; Nikolo–Lvovsk, 15 km W Pokrovka, 24.IV.2003, 63, on Armeniaca sibirica, MP (IBSS); Kamenushka, 20 km NE Ussuriysk, 25.V.2003, 13, AL (IBSS). JAPAN: Fukuoka, Kyushu, 25.IV.1931, 4Ƥ, 33, Yasumatsu; Kabi–Wakayama, 20.IV.1969, 1Ƥ, 12. IV.1969, 13, M. Matsumura (IZAN).
Description. MALE. Body length 5−8 mm. Shape. Head trapezoid, as high as wide or slightly transverse, a little wider than mesosoma; vertex almost straight, well visible in frontal view, angled. Antenna attaining base of metanotum; pedicel as long as wide; flagellomeres longer than wide; F1 slightly longer than F2, F2 shortest. Subantennal and epistomal sutures well defined. Facial foveae short, apically truncate, 1.5 times wider than distance to eye. Genal area wider than eye (1.2–1.4), from half length narrowing towards mandible. Labral plate narrow, medially flattened in longitudinal carina, or knob-like. Middle basitarsus 4–4.5 times as long as wide, parallel-sided; mediotarsi flattened, cordate, TM 2 and TM3 slightly elongate, TM4 transverse. Hind basitarsus flattened, 3.5–4 times as long as wide, parallel-sided, slightly narrowed basally; mediotarsi flattened, cordate, with produced inner, apical angle; TM2 as wide as long, TM3 and TM4 transverse, TM5 as long as TM2 and TM3 together. T1 marginal zone ca 1/4, T2–T4 ca 1/2 discal length. Metasomal Sterna & Genitalia (Figs 86–94). S2–S5 with straight posterior margin; S3 with premarginal, lateral, transversal swells (bigger at specimens from Kamen- Rybolov). S4 with apico-lateral swells bearing longitudinal hair brush. S6 apically with 2 teeth lifted above disc, divided by wing-like arch widely opened and pubescent internally; the wings apically pointed, directed posterolaterally; sternal disc laterally shiny, with tiny hair pores, and short, thin, recumbent hairs; sternal shoulders wide, blunt, with posterior margin almost horizontal, short. S7 with 2 apical, parallel protrusions basally shorter than wide and directed backwards; disc with median keel; posterior margin with preapical flaps directed backwards, narrowly rounded and deeply separated from the base of apical tooth. S8 neck 5 times longer than wide, with lateral flaps half neck long; apical plate wide, not structurally divided from neck, with pointed ventro-lateral angles bent anteriorly. Gonocoxite with dorso-apical margin slightly incurved. Gonostylus wide, medially slightly enlarged, 3 times longer than wide, apically widely rounded, apex ventrally with dense, short pubescence. Penis valve robust, at about half length bent ventrally at 45°, apically enlarged triangularly, axe-like, with long internal margin and narrow apical angle. Sculpture. Integument tessellated and with fine punctures. Paraocular area on upper part, frons and vertex matt, shagreened, with shallow, small pits about a pit diameter apart (10−15 µm / 0.5−2); paraocular area below tessellate. Genal area glossy, with shallow pores and pits (10−15 µm / 0.5−2), along upper half of eye narrowly impunctate. Supraclypeal and subantennal areas tessellated, with a few punctures; supraclypeal area medially smooth. Clypeus shiny, smooth, with sparse tiny pits and punctures (5−15 µm) a few diameters apart. Scutum shagreened, medially smooth; with tiny round pits dense to confluent, on disc sparser (5–20 µm / 0.5−4). Scutellum delicately shagreened, medially smooth, with pits 1−2 diameters apart. Metanotum shagreened, with merged, shallow pits. Mesepisternum shagreened, with shallow pits a pit diameter or more apart (15−20 µm / 1−3). Propodeum, including horizontal part of propodeal triangle shagreened; vertical part of propodeal triangle shinier than allied surface, tessellated. Metasomal terga mostly glossy, delicately tessellate on pregradular area and laterally (T1 sometimes completely delicately tessellate), with sparse, punctures (> 3); marginal zones delicately tessellate, impunctate. Metasomal sterna shiny, tessellate, with sparse, punctures laterally merged. Coloration. Wing yellowish-brown with brown veins. Clypeus yellow, with lateral and apical margins narrowly black. Fore tibia inside, fore and mid tarsi, spurs yellow; hind tarsi vary from yellow to completely dark. Vestiture. Pubescence unremarkable. T6 and T7 with white fimbria.
FEMALE. Body length 6.5–8 mm. Shape. Head slightly transverse (0.8−0.9), narrower than mesosoma. Labral plate medially flattened to longitudinal carina, or knob-like. Pedicel longer than wide; F1 elongate, 1.5 times longer than F 2, shorter than F2 and F3 together; F2 transverse, shorter than F3; F3 as long as wide or slightly transverse; other flagellomeres as long as, or slightly longer than wide. Epistomal suture indistinct, subantennal sutures very thin and shallow. Facial fovea well defined, deep, equidistant from eye, apically widened, truncate, 3 times wider than distance from eye. Genal area wider than eye (1.6–2.0), on most of length wide, parallel-sided. Middle basitarsus 3–3.5 times as long as wide, parallel-sided. Hind basitarsus 4.5–5 times longer than wide, enlarged towards apex, dorso-apically narrowly angled; mediotarsi conical, narrow, elongate, TM4 as long as wide. Metasomal terga with slightly depressed marginal zone, on T1 ca 1/3, T2–T4 1/2 discal length. Sculpture. Paraocular area on upper part, frons, and vertex shiny, finely shagreened, with deep pits dense to merged (10−15 µm / 0.5−1.5). Genal area glossy, with shallow pits irregularly spaced (5−25 µm / 1−8), on upper part denser. Paraocular area below glossy, smooth or tessellate; supraclypeal area and clypeus glossy, with sparse, round pits and punctures (5−25 µm) a few diameters apart. Scutum moderately shiny, on anterior quarter shagreened, posteriorly smooth, with shallow, round pits (10−20 µm / 0.5−4) on periphery dense to confluent. Scutellum smooth or on periphery shallowly tessellate, with pits 1–2 diameters apart. Metanotum, finely shagreened, with merged, shallow pits. Mesepisternum shiny, shagreened, with shallow pits a pit diameter or more apart (15−20 µm / 1−3). Metasomal terga shiny, medially smooth, on pregradular area and laterally tessellate, with punctures one or more diameters apart; marginal zones tessellate, impunctate; T1 mostly glossy, punctured sparser than other terga. Pygidial plate shagreened, matt, with apical swell smooth and shiny. Metasomal sterna shiny, tessellate, with shallow hair pores; medio-basally impunctate. Coloration. Wing yellowish-brown; veins yellow to light brown. Tegula anteriorly dark, posteriorly yellow or brown. Legs brown or black; fore TM2–TM5 and spurs yellowish-brown. Pygidial plate reddish, apically dark. Vestiture. Metasomal sterna with thin hairs and long, thin, marginal fringe. Prepygidial and pygidial fimbriae yellowish.
description: Published as part of Romankova, Tatiana G. & Astafurova, Yulia V., 2011, Bees of the genus Panurginus in Siberia, Far East of Russia, and Allied Areas (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae, Panurginae), pp. 1-35 in Zootaxa 3112 on pages 18-19, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.200649