cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Post-mortem lung features on computed tomography in cardiac death cases: ischemic cardiac death vs. non-ischemic cardiac death.
Creators: name: Kawasumi, Yusuke
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: CT
subject: Cardiac
subject: Lung
subject: Forensic / Necropsy studies
subject: Forensics

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The utility of post-mortem computed tomography (CT) has been confirmed and it is generally used in forensic medicine [1-3]. Radiologists have an increased opportunity to see such cases. However, it is often difficult to interpret post-mortem CT...
Temporal Trends in Hospitalization for Acute Decompensated Heart Failure in the United States, 1998–2011
Creators: name: Loehr, Laura R.
name: Rosamond, Wayne D.
name: Wright, Jacqueline
name: Quibrera, Miguel
name: Wruck, Lisa
name: Matsushita, Kunihiro
name: Heiss, Gerardo
name: Coresh, Josef
name: Chang, Patricia P.
name: Agarwal, Sunil K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Estimates of the numbers and rates of acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) hospitalization are central to understanding health-care utilization and efforts to improve patient care. We comprehensively estimated the frequency, rate, and trends of ADHF hospitalization in the United States. Based on Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study surveillance adjudicating 12,450 eligible hospitalizations during 2005–2010, we developed prediction models for ADHF separately for 3 International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) code 428 discharge diagnosis groups: 428 primary, 428 nonprimary, or 428 absent. We applied the models to data from the National Inpatient Sample (11.5 million hospitalizations of persons aged ≥55 years with eligible ICD-9-CM codes), an all-payer, 20% probability sample of US community hospitals. The average estimated number of ADHF hospitalizations per year was 1.76 million (428 primary, 0.80 million; 428 nonprimary, 0.83 million; 428 absent, 0.13 million). During 1998–2004, the rate of ADHF hospitalization increased by 2.0%/year (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.8, 2.5) versus a 1.4%/year (95% CI: 0.8, 2.1) increase in code 428 primary hospitalizations (P < 0.001). In contrast, during 2005–2011, numbers of ADHF hospitalizations were stable (−0.5%/year; 95% CI: −1.4, 0.3), while the numbers of 428-primary hospitalizations decreased by −1.5%/year (95% CI: −2.2, −0.8) (P for contrast = 0.03). In conclusion, the estimated number of hospitalizations with ADHF is approximately 2 times higher than the number of hospitalizations with ICD-9-CM code 428 in the primary position. The trend increased more steeply prior to 2005 and was relatively flat after 2005.
Top physics at the LHC
Creators: name: Del Duca, Vittorio
name: Laenen, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the present situation in top quark physics, in these early days of Run II of the LHC. We take mostly a Standard Model perspective, showing recent results, and review the key concepts and results of the associated theoretical predictions. The issues we discuss are the top quark mass, top quark pair and single top production, production in association with other particles, charge asymmetry and top quark decay.
description: 39 pages, 3 figures. Invited review for, and version to be published in, International Journal of Modern Physics A
title: The view from the mastoid fontanel of the neonatal brain
Creators: name: Sarioglu, Fatma
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Haemorrhage
subject: Congenital
subject: Artifacts
subject: Normal variants
subject: Education
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Paediatric

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To tell how to perform mastoid fontanel imaging To display the normal anatomy seen from the mastoid fontanel view To demonstrate pitfalls and artifacts of the mastoid fontanel imaging To show pathologies of the posterior fossa that can be evaluated...
Numerical solution of the relativistic single-site scattering problem for the Coulomb and the Mathieu potential
Creators: name: Geilhufe, Matthias
name: Achilles, Steven
name: Köbis, Markus Arthur
name: Arnold, Martin
name: Mertig, Ingrid
name: Hergert, Wolfram
name: Ernst, Arthur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a reliable fully-relativistic Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker Green function method, an accurate solution of the underlying single-site scattering problem is necessary. We present an extensive discussion on numerical solutions of the related differential equations by means of standard methods for a direct solution and by means of integral equations. Our implementation is tested and exemplarily demonstrated for a spherically symmetric treatment of a Coulomb potential and for a Mathieu potential to cover the full-potential implementation. For the Coulomb potential we include an analytic discussion of the asymptotic behaviour of irregular scattering solutions close to the origin ($r\ll1$).
description: 16 pages, 6 figures, preprint
Body Mass Index and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Study of US Military Veterans
Creators: name: Sandler, Dale P.
name: Bellocco, Rino
name: Peters, Tracy L.
name: Allen, Kelli D.
name: Umbach, David M.
name: Keller, Jean
name: Kamel, Freya
name: Fang, Fang
name: Schmidt, Silke
name: Ye, Weimin
name: Beard, John D.
name: Mariosa, Daniela
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Abstract Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) may be associated with low body mass index (BMI) at the time of diagnosis. However, the role of premorbid BMI in the development of ALS and survival after diagnosis remains unclear. In 2005–2010, we interviewed 467 patients with ALS from the US National Registry of Veterans with ALS and 975 frequency-matched veteran controls. In this sample, we evaluated the association of BMI and BMI change at different ages with ALS risk using unconditional logistic models and with survival after ALS diagnosis using Cox proportional hazards models. After adjustment for confounders, compared with a moderate increase in BMI between ages 25 and 40 years, stable or decreasing BMI was positively associated with ALS risk (odds ratio (OR) = 1.61, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.20, 2.16). A 1-unit increase in BMI at age 40 years (OR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.91, 0.98) but not at age 25 years (OR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.95, 1.03) was inversely associated with ALS. These associations were similar for bulbar and spinal ALS but stronger for those with a delay of less than 1 year between symptom onset and diagnosis. We found no association between prediagnosis BMI and survival. A decreasing BMI from early to middle age and a low BMI in middle age may be positively associated with ALS risk.
title: Technological development for applying MR Elastography to shoulder muscles
Creators: name: Ito, Daiki
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Inflammation
subject: Image verification
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: MR
subject: Elastography
subject: Soft tissues / Skin
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: MR physics

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Palpation remains the fundamental clinical tools to diagnose abnormal stiffness changes in soft tissue. However,palpation is subjective, and detecting stiffness changes is impossible in deep tissues. MR elastography (MRE) is possible to...
Update of evidence from homeopathic intervention studies
Creators: name: Gaertner, Katharina
name: Baumgartner, Stephan
name: Walach, Harald
name: Frass, Michael
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Life Sciences

description: This project aims to evaluate the evidence body of homeopathic intervention studies (HOMIS) in humans. It is a further development of the research protocol previously registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) on 17/08/2015 (registration number CRD42015025399; available from: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPEROFILES/25399_PROTOCOL_20181201.pdf). The original project was discontinued and the protocol defining the adapted approach is available from the Zenodo database: https://zenodo.org/record/4066778#.X3swES2w2-W.
title: Adaptive technology of MR Elastography for a conventional MRI
Creators: name: Numano, Tomokazu
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: MR
subject: Elastography
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: MR physics

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: In this work we developed a novel retrofit MR Elastography (MRE) system consist of both a conventional gradient-echo type multi echo MR sequence and a radio frequency (RF) excitation pulse synchronized pneumatic actuator. The special MR phase...
title: Imaging spectrum of diabetic foot
Creators: name: Chow, Mon Ben
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Inflammation
subject: Infection
subject: Arthritides
subject: Education
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Musculoskeletal system

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: - Understand the biomechanics of diabetic foot. - Recognise thevarious imaging findings related to diabetic foot and complications. - Differentiate Charcot joint and...
title: Method to Propagate Efficiently Shear Waves to Psoas Major Muscle in MR Elastography
Creators: name: Onishi, Takaaki
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Image verification
subject: Efficacy studies
subject: Elastography
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Low back pain (LBP) is a very common health problem and affects all ranges of the population. LBP occurs in similar proportions in all cultures, interferes with quality of life and work performance, and is the most common reason for medical...
Effects of Antiretroviral Therapy and Depressive Symptoms on All-Cause Mortality Among HIV-Infected Women
Creators: name: Griswold, Michael E.
name: Pence, Brian W.
name: Wang, Cuiwei
name: Bacchetti, Peter
name: Rubtsova, Anna
name: Feaster, Daniel J.
name: Gange, Stephen
name: Adimora, Adaora A.
name: Cohen, Mardge H.
name: Mack, Wendy
name: Cole, Stephen R.
name: Todd, Jonathan V.
name: Anastos, Kathryn
name: Weedon, Jeremy
name: Lesko, Catherine R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Abstract Depression affects up to 30% of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals. We estimated joint effects of antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation and depressive symptoms on time to death using a joint marginal structural model and data from a cohort of HIV-infected women from the Women's Interagency HIV Study (conducted in the United States) from 1998–2011. Among 848 women contributing 6,721 years of follow-up, 194 participants died during follow-up, resulting in a crude mortality rate of 2.9 per 100 women-years. Cumulative mortality curves indicated greatest mortality for women who reported depressive symptoms and had not initiated ART. The hazard ratio for depressive symptoms was 3.38 (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.15, 5.33) and for ART was 0.47 (95% CI: 0.31, 0.70). Using a reference category of women without depressive symptoms who had initiated ART, the hazard ratio for women with depressive symptoms who had initiated ART was 3.60 (95% CI: 2.02, 6.43). For women without depressive symptoms who had not started ART, the hazard ratio was 2.36 (95% CI: 1.16, 4.81). Among women reporting depressive symptoms who had not started ART, the hazard ratio was 7.47 (95% CI: 3.91, 14.3). We found a protective effect of ART initiation on mortality, as well as a harmful effect of depressive symptoms, in a cohort of HIV-infected women.
The neutron skin thickness from the measured electric dipole polarizability in $^{68}$Ni, $^{120}$Sn, and $^{208}$Pb
Creators: name: Roca-Maza, X.
name: Viñas, X.
name: Centelles, M.
name: Agrawal, B. K.
name: Colo', G.
name: Paar, N.
name: Piekarewicz, J.
name: Vretenar, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The information on the symmetry energy and its density dependence is deduced by comparing the available data on the electric dipole polarizability $α_D$ of ${}^{68}$Ni, ${}^{120}$Sn, and ${}^{208}$Pb with the predictions of the Random Phase Approximation, using a representative set of nuclear energy density functionals. The calculated values of $α_D$ are used to validate different correlations involving $α_D$, the symmetry energy at the saturation density $J$, the corresponding slope parameter $L$ and the neutron skin thickness $Δr_{\!np}$, as suggested by the Droplet Model. A subset of models that reproduce simultaneously the measured polarizabilities in ${}^{68}$Ni, ${}^{120}$Sn, and ${}^{208}$Pb are employed to predict the values of the symmetry energy parameters at saturation density and $Δr_{\!np}$. The resulting intervals are: $J\!=\!30 \text{-}35$ MeV, $L\!=\!20 \text{-} 66$ MeV; and the values for $Δr_{\!np}$ in ${}^{68}$Ni, ${}^{120}$Sn, and ${}^{208}$Pb are in the ranges: 0.15\text{-}0.19 fm, 0.12\text{-}0.16 fm, and 0.13\text{-}0.19 fm, respectively. The strong correlation between the electric dipole polarizabilities of two nuclei is instrumental to predict the values of electric dipole polarizabilities in other nuclei.
description: 12 pages, 2 tables and 6 figures
title: Model-based iterative reconstruction algorithm in abdominal computed tomography: comparison of image quality with filtered back projection and statistical iterative reconstruction techniques
Creators: name: Kuo, Yu
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cysts
subject: Perception image
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: CT
subject: Abdomen

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Computed tomography (CT) study of the abdomen is an important imaging study for clinical diagnosis. The number of CT studies has been increasing since its debut. It is estimated that more than 80 million CT procedures were performed in the U.S. in...
Rotation, differential rotation, and gyrochronology of active Kepler stars
Creators: name: Reinhold, Timo
name: Gizon, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high-precision photometry from the CoRoT and Kepler satellites has led to measurements of surface rotation periods for tens of thousands of stars. Our main goal is to derive ages of thousands of field stars using consistent rotation period measurements in different gyrochronology relations. Multiple rotation periods are interpreted as surface differential rotation (DR). We re-analyze the sample of 24,124 Kepler stars from Reinhold et al. (2013) using different approaches based on the Lomb-Scargle periodogram. Each quarter (Q1-Q14) is treated individually using a prewhitening approach. Additionally, the full time series, and different segments thereof are analyzed. For more than 18,500 stars our results are consistent with the rotation periods from McQuillan et al. (2014). Thereof, more than 12,300 stars show multiple significant peaks, which we interpret as DR. Gyrochronology ages between 100 Myr and 10 Gyr were derived for more than 17,000 stars using different gyrochronology relations. We find a bimodal age distribution for Teff between 3200-4700 K. The derived ages reveal an empirical activity-age relation using photometric variability as stellar activity proxy. Additionally, we found 1079 stars with extremely stable (mostly short) periods. Half of these periods may be associated with rotation stabilized by non-eclipsing companions, the other half might be due to pulsations. The derived gyrochronology ages are well constrained since more than 93.0 % of the stars seem to be younger than the Sun where calibration is most reliable. Explaining the bimodality in the age distribution is challenging, and limits accurate stellar age predictions. The existence of cool stars with almost constant rotation period over more than three years of observation might be explained by synchronization with stellar companions, or a dynamo mechanism keeping the spot configurations extremely stable.
description: 16 pages, 15 figures; Tables 2 & 4 will entirely be available (later...)
title: Radiation-Induced Angiosarcoma of the Breast – A 15-year retrospective review
Creators: name: Alves, Ines
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Vascular
subject: Mammography
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Treatment effects
subject: Radiation therapy / Oncology
subject: Statistics
subject: Cancer
subject: Pathology
subject: Epidemiology

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Radiation-induced angiosarcoma (RIS) of the breast is a rare but recognized complication of radiation therapy for breast carcinoma, with an overall high recurrence rate and poor outcome. Their diagnosis is often delayed because of their benign...
Correlated electron behavior of metalorganic molecules: insights from density functional theory combined with many-body effects using exact diagonalization
Creators: name: Bhandary, Sumanta
name: Schüler, Malte
name: Thunström, Patrik
name: di Marco, Igor
name: Brena, Barbara
name: Eriksson, Olle
name: Wehling, Tim
name: Sanyal, Biplab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A proper theoretical description of electronic structure of the 3d orbitals in the metal centers of functional metalorganics is a challenging problem. In this letter, we apply density functional theory and an exact diagonalization method in a many body approach to study the ground state electronic configuration of an iron porphyrin (FeP) molecule. Our study reveals that dynamical correlation effects are important, and FeP is a potential candidate for realizing a spin crossover due to a subtle balance of crystal field effects, on-site Coulomb repulsion and hybridization between the Fe d-orbitals and ligand N p-states. The mechanism of switching between two close lying electronic configurations of Fe-d orbitals is shown. We discuss the generality of the suggested approach and the possibility to properly describe the electronic structure and related low energy physics of the whole class of correlated metal centered organometallic molecules.
title: Pancreatic head mass: not always tumor!
Creators: name: Velarde Pedraza, Ana
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Inflammation
subject: Education and training
subject: Localisation
subject: Education
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: CT
subject: Pancreas
subject: Oncology
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: - Review concept of chronic pancreatitis focusing on its presentation as inflammatory pancreatic mass. - Describe imaging findings in tumoral and inflammatory pancreatic masses in CT that may confound us. - Stablish helpful radiological findings to...
Local scale transformations on the lattice with tensor network renormalization
Creators: name: Evenbly, Glen
name: Vidal, Guifre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Consider the partition function of a classical system in two spatial dimensions, or the Euclidean path integral of a quantum system in two space-time dimensions, both on a lattice. We show that the tensor network renormalization (TNR) algorithm [\emph{G. Evenbly and G. Vidal, Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 180405}] can be used to implement local scale transformations on these objects, namely a lattice version of conformal maps. Specifically, we explain how to implement the lattice equivalent of the logarithmic conformal map that transforms the Euclidean plane into a cylinder. As an application, and with the 2D critical Ising model as a concrete example, we use this map to build a lattice version of the scaling operators of the underlying conformal field theory, from which one can extract their scaling dimensions and operator product expansion coefficients.
description: Revised version, with additional numeric results. Main text: 5 pages, 5 figures. Supplementary material: 9 pages, 13 figures
title: Grading and follow-up imaging of cervical facet joint edema
Creators: name: Nevalainen, Mika
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Oedema
subject: Statistics
subject: MR
subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: Head and neck

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To grade the degree of cervical facet edema and the corresponding neuroforaminal narrowing, and to correlate severity of the edema to cervical radiculopathy. Additionally, follow-up MRI studies were examined to evaluate the course of cervical facet...
Gluon saturation and Feynman scaling in leading neutron production
Creators: name: Carvalho, F.
name: Gonçalves, V. P.
name: Spiering, D.
name: Navarra, F. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we extend the color dipole formalism to the study of leading neutron production in $e + p \rightarrow e + n + X$ collisions at high energies and estimate the related observables, which were measured at HERA and may be analysed in future electron-proton ($ep$) colliders. In particular, we calculate the Feynman $x_F$ distribution of leading neutrons, which is expressed in terms of the pion flux and the photon-pion total cross section. In the color dipole formalism, the photon-pion cross section is described in terms of the dipole-pion scattering amplitude, which contains information about the QCD dynamics at high energies and gluon saturation effects. We consider different models for the scattering amplitude, which have been used to describe the inclusive and diffractive $ep$ HERA data. Moreover, the model dependence of our predictions with the description of the pion flux is analysed in detail. We show that the recently released H1 leading neutron spectra can be reproduced using the color dipole formalism and that these spectra could help us to observe more clearly gluon saturation effects in future $ep$ colliders.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Recovery from Giant Eruptions in Very Massive Stars
Creators: name: Kashi, Amit
name: Davidson, Kris
name: Humphreys, Roberta M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a hydro-and-radiative-transfer code to explore the behavior of a very massive star (VMS) after a giant eruption -- i.e., following a supernova impostor event. Beginning with reasonable models for evolved VMSs with masses of $80~M_\odot$ and $120~M_\odot$, we simulate the change of state caused by a giant eruption via two methods that explicitly conserve total energy: 1. Synthetically removing outer layers of mass of a few $M_\odot$ while reducing the energy of the inner layers. 2. Synthetically transferring energy from the core to the outer layers, an operation that automatically causes mass ejection. Our focus is on the aftermath, not the poorly-understood eruption itself. Then, using a radiation-hydrodynamic code in 1D with realistic opacities and convection, the interior disequilibrium state is followed for about 200 years. Typically the star develops a $\sim 400 ~\rm{km}~\rm{s}^{-1}$ wind with a mass loss rate that begins around $0.1 ~M_\odot~\rm{yr^{-1}}$ and gradually decreases. This outflow is driven by $κ$-mechanism radial pulsations. The 1D models have regular pulsations but 3D models will probably be more chaotic. In some cases a plateau in the mass-loss rate may persist about 200 years, while other cases are more like $η$ Car which lost $>10~M_\odot$ and then had an abnormal mass loss rate for more than a century after its eruption. In our model, the post-eruption outflow carried more mass than the initial eruption. These simulations constitute a useful preliminary reconnaissance for 3D models which will be far more difficult.
description: Accepted for publication in the ApJ
title: Anomalous pulmonary venous connection: the journey from theory to practice!
Creators: name: Schiau, Călin
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Congenital
subject: Arteriovenous malformations
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: CT
subject: Veins / Vena cava
subject: Pulmonary vessels
subject: Cardiovascular system

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The learning objectives of this report are: to familiarize readers with the clinical manifestations, radiological findings and differential diagnosis of anomalous pulmonary venous connection to emphasize the role that imaging methods can play in...
Viral metagenomics, protein structure, and reverse genetics: Key strategies for investigating coronaviruses
Creators: name: Graham, Rachel L.
name: Menachery, Vineet D.
name: Johnson, Bryan A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Viral metagenomics, modeling of protein structure, and manipulation of viral genetics are key approaches that have laid the foundations of our understanding of coronavirus biology. In this review, we discuss the major advances each method has provided and discuss how future studies should leverage these strategies synergistically to answer novel questions.
title: MRI in prenatal diagnosis of placental adhesive disorders: radio-pathologic correlation
Creators: name: Bednarova, Iliana
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Obstetrics
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Complications
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Obstetrics (Pregnancy / birth / postnatal period)
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Foetal imaging

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To illustrate Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) findings of placental adhesive disorders (PAD) with radio-pathologic...
Confocal microscopy through a multimode fiber using optical correlation
Creators: name: Loterie, Damien
name: Goorden, Sebastianus A.
name: Psaltis, Demetri
name: Moser, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a method to obtain confocal imaging through multimode fibers using optical correlation. First, we measure the fiber's transmission matrix in a calibration step. This allows us to create focused spots at one end of the fiber by shaping the wavefront sent into it from the opposite end. These spots are scanned over a sample, and the light coming back from the sample via the fiber is optically correlated with the input pattern. We show that this achieves spatial selectivity in the detection. The technique is demonstrated on microbeads, a dried epithelial cell, and a cover glass.
Genome Wide Identification of SARS-CoV Susceptibility Loci Using the Collaborative Cross
Creators: name: McMillan, Leonard
name: Churchill, Gary A.
name: Miller, Darla R.
name: Threadgill, David W.
name: de Villena, Fernando Pardo-Manuel
name: Green, Richard
name: Menachery, Vineet D.
name: Ferris, Martin T.
name: Whitmore, Alan C.
name: Heise, Mark T.
name: Gralinski, Lisa E.
name: Frieman, Matthew B.
name: Bell, Timothy A.
name: Baric, Ralph S.
name: Aylor, David L.
name: Deming, Damon
name: Katze, Michael G.
name: Buus, Ryan J.
name: Valdar, William
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: New systems genetics approaches are needed to rapidly identify host genes and genetic networks that regulate complex disease outcomes. Using genetically diverse animals from incipient lines of the Collaborative Cross mouse panel, we demonstrate a greatly expanded range of phenotypes relative to classical mouse models of SARS-CoV infection including lung pathology, weight loss and viral titer. Genetic mapping revealed several loci contributing to differential disease responses, including an 8.5Mb locus associated with vascular cuffing on chromosome 3 that contained 23 genes and 13 noncoding RNAs. Integrating phenotypic and genetic data narrowed this region to a single gene, Trim55, an E3 ubiquitin ligase with a role in muscle fiber maintenance. Lung pathology and transcriptomic data from mice genetically deficient in Trim55 were used to validate its role in SARS-CoV-induced vascular cuffing and inflammation. These data establish the Collaborative Cross platform as a powerful genetic resource for uncovering genetic contributions of complex traits in microbial disease severity, inflammation and virus replication in models of outbred populations.
Phenomenology of chiral damping in noncentrosymmetric magnets
Creators: name: Akosa, C. A.
name: Miron, I. M.
name: Gaudin, G.
name: Manchon, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A phenomenology of magnetic chiral damping is proposed in the context of magnetic materials lacking inversion symmetry breaking. We show that the magnetic damping tensor adopts a general form that accounts for a component linear in magnetization gradient in the form of Lifshitz invariants. We propose different microscopic mechanisms that can produce such a damping in ferromagnetic metals, among which spin pumping in the presence of anomalous Hall effect and an effective "$s$-$d$" Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya antisymmetric exchange. The implication of this chiral damping in terms of domain wall motion is investigated in the flow and creep regimes. These predictions have major importance in the context of field- and current-driven texture motion in noncentrosymmetric (ferro-, ferri-, antiferro-)magnets, not limited to metals.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Evaluating and Predicting Response to a Single Session Intervention for Self-Dislike
Creators: name: Mullarkey, Michael
name: Dobias, Mallory
name: Beevers, Christopher
name: Schleider, Jessica
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Clinical Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Updated College Goals Pre-Registration Following Interruption due to COVID-19
Origin of inflation in CFT driven cosmology: $R^2$-gravity and non-minimally coupled inflaton models
Creators: name: Barvinsky, A. O.
name: Kamenshchik, A. Yu.
name: Nesterov, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed derivation of the recently suggested new type of hill-top inflation [arXiv:1509.07270] originating from the microcanonical density matrix initial conditions in cosmology driven by conformal field theory (CFT). The cosmological instantons of topology $S^1\times S^3$, which set up these initial conditions, have the shape of a garland with multiple periodic oscillations of the scale factor of the spatial $S^3$-section. They describe underbarrier oscillations of the inflaton and scale factor in the vicinity of the inflaton potential maximum, which gives a sufficient amount of inflation required by the known CMB data. We build the approximation of two coupled harmonic oscillators for these garland instantons and show that they can generate inflation consistent with the parameters of the CMB primordial power spectrum in the non-minimal Higgs inflation model and in $R^2$ gravity. In particular, the instanton solutions provide smallness of inflationary slow-roll parameters $ε$ and $η<0$ and their relation $ε\simη^2$ characteristic of these two models. We present the mechanism of formation of hill-like inflaton potentials, which is based on logarithmic loop corrections to the asymptotically shift-invariant tree level potentials of these models in the Einstein frame. We also discuss the role of $R^2$-gravity as an indispensable finite renormalization tool in the CFT driven cosmology, which guarantees the non-dynamical (ghost free) nature of its scale factor and special properties of its cosmological garland type instantons. Finally, as a solution to the problem of hierarchy between the Planckian scale and the inflation scale we discuss the concept of a hidden sector of conformal higher spin fields.
description: final version, to be published in European Physical Journal C. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1509.07270
title: Liver stiffness estimation using sonoelastographic technologies – a practical approach
Creators: name: Gersak, Mariana
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Liver
subject: Elastography
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Education
subject: Cirrhosis
subject: Metabolic disorders

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To summarize the main types of elastography which are used in current practice, for liver stiffness estimation, to highlight their advantages, limits and technical parameters in order to perform a reliable liver stiffness estimation. To provide a...
Context Exp 1: Background Context
Creators: name: Ludvig, Elliot
name: Madan, Christopher
name: Spetch, Marcia
name: Mason, Alice
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: behavioral economics
subject: decisions from experience
subject: memory
subject: memory biases
subject: risky decision making

description: Materials and Data from Exp 1 in Paper
Vaccine Efficacy in Senescent Mice Challenged with Recombinant SARS-CoV Bearing Epidemic and Zoonotic Spike Variants
Creators: name: Davis, Nancy
name: Harkema, Jack
name: West, Ande
name: Pickles, Raymond
name: Whitmore, Alan
name: Deming, Damon
name: Heise, Mark
name: Baric, Ralph S.
name: Sheahan, Timothy
name: Sims, Amy
name: Yount, Boyd
name: Suthar, Mehul
name: Donaldson, Eric
name: Johnston, Robert
name: Curtis, Kristopher
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Background: In 2003, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) was identified as the etiological agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome, a disease characterized by severe pneumonia that sometimes results in death. SARS-CoV is a zoonotic virus that crossed the species barrier, most likely originating from bats or from other species including civets, raccoon dogs, domestic cats, swine, and rodents. A SARS-CoV vaccine should confer long-term protection, especially in vulnerable senescent populations, against both the 2003 epidemic strains and zoonotic strains that may yet emerge from animal reservoirs. We report the comprehensive investigation of SARS vaccine efficacy in young and senescent mice following homologous and heterologous challenge.

Methods and Findings: Using Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus replicon particles (VRP) expressing the 2003 epidemic Urbani SARS-CoV strain spike (S) glycoprotein (VRP-S) or the nucleocapsid (N) protein from the same strain (VRP-N), we demonstrate that VRP-S, but not VRP-N vaccines provide complete short- and long-term protection against homologous strain challenge in young and senescent mice. To test VRP vaccine efficacy against a heterologous SARS-CoV, we used phylogenetic analyses, synthetic biology, and reverse genetics to construct a chimeric virus (icGDO3-S) encoding a synthetic S glycoprotein gene of the most genetically divergent human strain, GDO3, which clusters among the zoonotic SARS-CoV. icGD03-S replicated efficiently in human airway epithelial cells and in the lungs of young and senescent mice, and was highly resistant to neutralization with antisera directed against the Urbani strain. Although VRP-S vaccines provided complete short-term protection against heterologous icGD03-S challenge in young mice, only limited protection was seen in vaccinated senescent animals. VRP-N vaccines not only failed to protect from homologous or heterologous challenge, but resulted in enhanced immunopathology with eosinophilic infiltrates within the lungs of SARS-CoV–challenged mice. VRP-N–induced pathology presented at day 4, peaked around day 7, and persisted through day 14, and was likely mediated by cellular immune responses.

Conclusions: This study identifies gaps and challenges in vaccine design for controlling future SARS-CoV zoonosis, especially in vulnerable elderly populations. The availability of a SARS-CoV virus bearing heterologous S glycoproteins provides a robust challenge inoculum for evaluating vaccine efficacy against zoonotic strains, the most likely source of future outbreaks.
title: Spectrum of diagnostic findings in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis assessed by lung MRI – a pictorial essay
Creators: name: Buzan, Maria
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: Thorax
subject: Lung
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To become familiar with the idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) aspect on lung magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); To illustrate specific morphological patterns useful in the positive and differential diagnosis of IPF as seen on lung MRI, in...
title: Steering a Chiba needle in vitro: influence of bevel position and needle bending
Creators: name: Langen, Heinz-Jakob
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biological effects
subject: Biopsy
subject: CT
subject: Interventional non-vascular

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: It is well known that the direction of a needle during a puncture deflects opposite to the alignment of the bevel at the needle tip (Fig. 1). The presented experimental study is intended to determine the extent to which the puncture route can be...
title: Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1 in lung cancer: Comparison with RECIST version 1.0 - A Retrospective Study.
Creators: name: Kalidos, Kalirajan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Audit and standards
subject: CT
subject: Respiratory system
subject: Oncology
subject: Lung

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Assessment of the change in tumor burden is an important aspect of the clinical evaluation of cancer therapeutics. Initially, WHO tumor response criteria was considered as standard guideline for tumor response assessment. 1 In 2000, Response...
Simulation of Quantum Spin Dynamics by Phase Space Sampling of BBGKY Trajectories
Creators: name: Pucci, Lorenzo
name: Roy, Analabha
name: Kastner, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A numerical method, suitable for the simulation of the time evolution of quantum spin models of arbitrary lattice dimension, is presented. The method combines sampling of the Wigner function with evolution equations obtained from the Bogoliubov-Born-Green-Kirkwood-Yvon (BBGKY) hierarchy. Going to higher orders of the BBGKY hierarchy allows for a systematic refinement of the method. Quantum correlations are treated through both, the Wigner function sampling and the BBGKY evolution, bringing about highly accurate estimates of correlation functions. The method is particularly suitable for long-range interacting systems, and we demonstrate its power by comparing with exact results as well as other numerical methods. As an application we compute spin squeezing in a two-dimensional lattice with power-law interactions and a transverse field, which should be accessible in future ion trap experiments.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures; v2: typos corrected, not all of them minor
Yeast Based Small Molecule Screen for Inhibitors of SARS-CoV
Creators: name: Basu, Dipanwita
name: Taylor, Justin
name: Frieman, Matthew
name: Jones, Grant
name: Matthews, Krystal
name: Engel, Daniel A.
name: Pickles, Raymond
name: Baric, Ralph S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Severe acute respiratory coronavirus (SARS-CoV) emerged in 2002, resulting in roughly 8000 cases worldwide and 10% mortality. The animal reservoirs for SARS-CoV precursors still exist and the likelihood of future outbreaks in the human population is high. The SARS-CoV papain-like protease (PLP) is an attractive target for pharmaceutical development because it is essential for virus replication and is conserved among human coronaviruses. A yeast-based assay was established for PLP activity that relies on the ability of PLP to induce a pronounced slow-growth phenotype when expressed in S. cerevisiae. Induction of the slow-growth phenotype was shown to take place over a 60-hour time course, providing the basis for conducting a screen for small molecules that restore growth by inhibiting the function of PLP. Five chemical suppressors of the slow-growth phenotype were identified from the 2000 member NIH Diversity Set library. One of these, NSC158362, potently inhibited SARS-CoV replication in cell culture without toxic effects on cells, and it specifically inhibited SARS-CoV replication but not influenza virus replication. The effect of NSC158362 on PLP protease, deubiquitinase and anti-interferon activities was investigated but the compound did not alter these activities. Another suppressor, NSC158011, demonstrated the ability to inhibit PLP protease activity in a cell-based assay. The identification of these inhibitors demonstrated a strong functional connection between the PLP-based yeast assay, the inhibitory compounds, and SARS-CoV biology. Furthermore the data with NSC158362 suggest a novel mechanism for inhibition of SARS-CoV replication that may involve an unknown activity of PLP, or alternatively a direct effect on a cellular target that modifies or bypasses PLP function in yeast and mammalian cells.
Microphase transitions of block copolymer/homopolymer under shear flow
Creators: name: Guo, Y.
name: Zhang, J.
name: Wang, B.
name: Wu, H.
name: Sun, M.
name: Pan, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cell dynamics simulation is used to investigate the phase behavior of block copolymer/homopolymer mixture subjected to a steady shear flow. Phase transitions occur from transverse to parallel and then to perpendicular lamellar structure with an increase of shear rate and this is the result of interaction between the shear flow and the concentration fluctuation. Rheological properties, such as normal stress differences and shear viscosity, are all closely related with the direction of the lamellae. Furthermore, we specifically explore the phase behavior and the order parameter under weak and strong shear of two different initial states, and realize the importance of the thermal history. It is necessary to apply the shear field at the appropriate time if we want to get what we want. These results provide an easy method to create ordered, defect-free materials in experiment and engineering technology through imposing shear flow.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
title: MR imaging spectrum of malignant gliomas radiation therapy- and chemotherapy-induced injuries: Teaching points and pictorial Essay
Creators: name: Gaha, Mehdi
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Oncology
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR-Spectroscopy
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Radiation effects
subject: Chemotherapy
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The purpose of this study is to review our experience with the MR imaging spectrum ofmalignant gliomas radiation therapy- and chemotherapy-induced injuries, with special focus on radionecrosis...