cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Polyisocyanurate Foam Pyrolysis and Flame Spread Modeling
Creators: name: Chaudhari, Dushyant M.
name: Stoliarov, Stanislav I.
name: Beach, Mark W.
name: Suryadevara, Kali A.
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2021
Subjects: PIR
thermal decomposition
pyrolysis properties
blowing agent
ThermaKin
Single Burning Item
flame heat flux
flame growth

description: Polyisocyanurate (PIR) foam is a robust thermal insulation material utilized widely in the modern construction. In this work, the flammability of one representative example of this material was studied systematically using experiments and modeling. The thermal decomposition of this material was analyzed through thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and microscale combustion calorimetry. The thermal transport properties of the pyrolyzing foam were evaluated using Controlled Atmosphere Pyrolysis Apparatus II experiments. Cone calorimetry tests were also carried out on the foam samples to quantify the contribution of the blowing agent (contained within the foam) to its flammability, which was found to be significant. A complete pyrolysis property set was developed and was shown to accurately predict the results of all aforementioned measurements. The foam was also subjected to full-scale flame spread tests, similar to the Single Burning Item test. A previously developed modeling approach based on a coupling between detailed pyrolysis simulations and a spatially-resolved relationship between the total heat release rate and heat feedback from the flame, derived from the experiments on a different material in the same experimental setup, was found to successfully predict the evolution of the heat release rate measured in the full-scale tests on the PIR foam.
Prices for Spanish and Latin books published by Martinus Nutius I, ca. 1558
Creators: name: Proot, Goran
name: Mandelbrote, Giles
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: book history
economic history
Antwerp
Early Modern Period

description: Analysis of a list of books with prices from the Antwerp printer Martinus Nutius I.
THE INTERRELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP, JOB SATISFACTION, AND TEACHER MOTIVATION IN ABU DHABI PRIMARY SCHOOLS
Creators: name: ALHAMMADI BADRIA ALI MOHAMED HUMAID
name: MOHD ASRI BIN MOHD NOOR
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Transformational Leadership, Teacher Motivation, Teacher Satisfaction

description: Abstract
The significant role of transformational leadership in educational institutions shows the need to study how leadership could foster the level of motivation and satisfaction among the teaching staff. As the degree of satisfaction and motivation among teachers in the UAE is not high, particularly within the context of public schools. Therefore, this study aims to examine the interrelationships between transformational leadership, teacher motivation, and teacher satisfaction in Abu Dhabi primary schools. This study applied quantitative methods based on regression analysis. Self-administrated questionnaire is data instrument. The data collection has been conducted on a sample of 450 teachers. Simple random sampling technique has been applied in the survey procedure. The findings reveal that transformational leadership of school principal has a significant effect on teacher motivation and satisfaction, whereas teacher motivation influence job satisfaction as well. By identifying the factors that influence teacher motivation, educators can develop strategies to enhance job satisfaction, engagement, and ultimately, student achievement. To that end, this study provides new evidence to the substantial role of transformational leadership in the domain of education, specifically in primary schools. The implication of this paper is highlighting the effectiveness of transformational leadership in fostering a positive school environment and promoting professional growth among teachers. By exploring this relationship, school management can help identify strategies and interventions that can enhance teacher motivation and satisfaction, ultimately leading to improved student outcomes.
Divergent Thermopower without a Quantum Phase Transition
Creators: name: Limtragool, Kridsanaphong
name: Phillips, Philip W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general principle of modern statistical physics is that divergences of either thermodynamic or transport properties are only possible if the correlation length diverges. We show by explicit calculation that the thermopower in the quantum XY model $d=1+1$ and the Kitaev model in $d=2+1$ can 1) diverge even when the correlation length is finite and 2) remain finite even when the correlation length diverges, thereby providing a counterexample to the standard paradigm.Two conditions are necessary: 1) the sign of the charge carriers and that of the group velocity must be uncorrelated and 2) the current operator defined formally as the derivative of the Hamiltonian with respect to the gauge field does not describe a set of excitations that have a particle interpretation, as in strongly correlated electron matter. The recent experimental\cite{2dtp} and theoretical\cite{kirkpatrick} findings on the divergent thermopower of a 2D electron gas are discussed in this context.
description: 4.5 pages, 5 figures. An internal footnote is added regarding how the thermopower can be uniquely defined for the models treated here
Structural Analysis and Whole Genome Mapping of a New Type of Plant Virus Subviral RNA: Umbravirus-Like Associated RNAs
Creators: name: Liu, Jingyuan
name: Carino, Elizabeth
name: Bera, Sayanta
name: Gao, Feng
name: May, Jared P.
name: Simon, Anne E.
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2021
Subjects: umbravirus
satellite RNAs
coat-dependent RNA replicon
nonsense-mediated decay
genome-length RNA structure

description: We report the biological and structural characterization of umbravirus-like associated RNAs (ulaRNAs), a new category of coat-protein dependent subviral RNA replicons that infect plants. These RNAs encode an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) following a −1 ribosomal frameshift event, are 2.7–4.6 kb in length, and are related to umbraviruses, unlike similar RNA replicons that are related to tombusviruses. Three classes of ulaRNAs are proposed, with citrus yellow vein associated virus (CYVaV) placed in Class 2. With the exception of CYVaV, Class 2 and Class 3 ulaRNAs encode an additional open reading frame (ORF) with movement protein-like motifs made possible by additional sequences just past the RdRp termination codon. The full-length secondary structure of CYVaV was determined using Selective 2’ Hydroxyl Acylation analyzed by Primer Extension (SHAPE) structure probing and phylogenic comparisons, which was used as a template for determining the putative structures of the other Class 2 ulaRNAs, revealing a number of distinctive structural features. The ribosome recoding sites of nearly all ulaRNAs, which differ significantly from those of umbraviruses, may exist in two conformations and are highly efficient. The 3′ regions of Class 2 and Class 3 ulaRNAs have structural elements similar to those of nearly all umbraviruses, and all Class 2 ulaRNAs have a unique, conserved 3′ cap-independent translation enhancer. CYVaV replicates independently in protoplasts, demonstrating that the reported sequence is full-length. Additionally, CYVaV contains a sequence in its 3′ UTR that confers protection to nonsense mediated decay (NMD), thus likely obviating the need for umbravirus ORF3, a known suppressor of NMD. This initial characterization lays down a road map for future investigations into these novel virus-like RNAs.
Prospects and challenges of quantum emitters in 2D materials
Creators: name: Azzam, Shaimaa I.
name: Parto, Kamyar
name: Moody, Galan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The search for an ideal single-photon source has generated significant interest in discovering novel emitters in materials as well as developing new manipulation techniques to gain better control over the emitters' properties. Quantum emitters in atomically thin two-dimensional (2D) materials have proven very attractive with high brightness, operation under ambient conditions, and the ability to be integrated with a wide range of electronic and photonic platforms. This perspective highlights some of the recent advances in quantum light generation from 2D materials, focusing on hexagonal boron nitride and transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs). Efforts in engineering and deterministically creating arrays of quantum emitters in 2D materials, their electrical excitation, and their integration with photonic devices are discussed. Lastly, we address some of the challenges the field is facing and the near-term efforts to tackle them. We provide an outlook towards efficient and scalable quantum light generation from 2D materials towards controllable and addressable on-chip quantum sources.
Planckian discreteness as seeds for cosmic structure
Creators: name: Amadei, Lautaro
name: Perez, Alejandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a model of inflation driven by the relaxation of an initially Planckian cosmological constant due to diffusion. The model can generate a (approximately) scale invariant spectrum of (adiabatic) primordial perturbations with the correct amplitudes and red tilt without an inflaton. The inhomogeneities observable in the CMB arise from those associated to the fundamental Planckian granularity that are imprinted into the standard model Higgs scalar fluctuations during the inflationary phase. The process admits a semiclassical interpretation and avoids the trans-Planckian problem of standard inflationary scenarios based on the role of vacuum fluctuations. The deviations from scale invariance observed in the CMB are controlled by the self coupling constant of the Higgs scalar of the standard model of particle physics. The thermal production of primordial black holes can produce the amount of cold dark matter required by observations. For natural initial conditions set at the Planck scale the amplitude and tilt of the power spectrum of perturbations observed at the CMB depend only on known parameters of the standard model such as the self coupling of the Higgs scalar and its mass.
description: Peer reviewed version
Searches for dark photons at accelerators
Creators: name: Graham, Matt
name: Hearty, Christopher
name: Williams, Mike
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark matter particles may interact with other dark matter particles via a new force mediated by a dark photon, $A^{\prime}$, which would be the dark-sector analog to the ordinary photon of electromagnetism. The dark photon can obtain a highly suppressed mixing-induced coupling to the electromagnetic current, providing a portal through which dark photons can interact with ordinary matter. This review focuses on $A^{\prime}$ scenarios that are potentially accessible to accelerator-based experiments. We summarize the existing constraints placed by such experiments on dark photons, highlight what could be observed in the near future, and discuss the major experimental challenges that must be overcome to improve sensitivities.
description: 27 pages, 7 figures; Invited contribution for Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science
Reducible Abelian varieties and Lax matrices for Euler's problem of two fixed centres
Creators: name: Tsiganov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Abel's quadratures for integrable Hamiltonian systems are defined up to a group law of the corresponding Abelian variety $A$. If $A$ is isogenous to a direct product of Abelian varieties $A\cong A_1\times\cdots\times A_k$, the group law can be used to construct various Lax matrices on the factors $A_1,\ldots,A_k$. As an example, we discuss 2-dimensional reducible Abelian variety $A=E_+\times E_-$, which is a product of 1-dimensional varieties $E_\pm$ obtained by Euler in his study of the two fixed centres problem, and the Lax matrices on the factors $E_\pm$.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures, AMS fonts
Coplanar waveguide based ferromagnetic resonance in ultrathin film magnetic nanostructures: impact of conducting layers
Creators: name: Glowinski, H.
name: Schmidt, M.
name: Goscianska, I.
name: Dubowik, J.
name: Ansermet, J-Ph.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report broadband ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) measurements based on a coplanar waveguide (CPW) of ultrathin magnetic film structures that comprise in-plane/out-of-plane decoupled layers deposited on nonmagnetic buffer layers of various thickness or other buffer structures with a diverse sheet resistance. We show that the excitation of the fundamental mode can be substantially (up to 10 times) enhanced in the structures deposited on buffer layers with a low sheet resistance in comparison to the structures deposited on thin or weakly conducting buffer layers. The results are analyzed in terms of shielding of the electromagnetic field of CPW by the conducting buffer layers. The effect of enhancement of FMR absorption can be attractive for applications in spintronic devices that utilize magnetization dynamics of ultrathin ferromagnetic layers.
Hotspots of Legacy Phosphorus in Agricultural Landscapes: Revisiting Water-Extractable Phosphorus Pools in Soils
Creators: name: Roswall, Taylor
name: Lucas, Emileigh
name: Yang, Yun-Ya
name: Burgis, Charles
name: Scott, Isis S.P.C.
name: Toor, Gurpal S.
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2021
Subjects: water-extractable phosphorus
extraction ratios
phosphorus saturation
agriculture
legacy soils
water quality

description: Controlling phosphorus (P) losses from intensive agricultural areas to water bodies is an ongoing challenge. A critical component of mitigating P losses lies in accurately predicting dissolved P loss from soils, which often includes estimating the amount of soluble P extracted with a laboratory-based extraction, i.e., water-extractable P (WEP). A standard extraction method to determine the WEP pool in soils is critical to accurately quantify and assess the risk of P loss from soils to receiving waters. We hypothesized that narrower soil-to-water ratios (1:10 or 1:20) used in current methods underestimate the pool of WEP in high or legacy P soils due to the equilibrium constraints that limit the further release of P from the solid-to-solution phase. To investigate P release and develop a more exhaustive and robust method for measuring WEP, soils from eight legacy P fields (Mehlich 3–P of 502 to 1127 mg kg−1; total P of 692 to 2235 mg kg−1) were used for WEP extractions by varying soil-to-water ratios from 1:10 to 1:100 (weight:volume) and in eight sequential extractions (equivalent to 1:800 soil-to-water ratio). Extracts were analyzed for total (WEPt) and inorganic (WEPi) pools, and organic (WEPo) pool was calculated. As the ratios widened, mean WEPi increased from 23.7 mg kg−1 (at 1:10) to 58.5 mg kg−1 (at 1:100). Further, WEPi became the dominant form, encompassing 92.9% of WEPt at 1:100 in comparison to 79.0% of WEPt at 1:10. Four of the eight selected soils were extracted using a 1:100 ratio in eight sequential extractions to fully exhaust WEP, which removed a cumulative WEPt of 125 to 549 mg kg−1, equivalent to 276–416% increase from the first 1:100 extraction. Although WEP concentrations significantly declined after the first sequential extraction, WEP was not exhausted during the subsequent extractions, indicating a sizeable pool of soluble P in legacy P soils. We conclude that (i) legacy P soils are long-term sources of soluble P in agricultural landscapes and (ii) the use of a 1:100 soil-to-water ratio can improve quantification and risk assessment of WEP loss in legacy P soils.
Constructor Theory of Information
Creators: name: Deutsch, David
name: Marletto, Chiara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theory of information expressed solely in terms of which transformations of physical systems are possible and which are impossible - i.e. in constructor-theoretic terms. Although it includes conjectured laws of physics that are directly about information, independently of the details of particular physical instantiations, it does not regard information as an a priori mathematical or logical concept, but as something whose nature and properties are determined by the laws of physics alone. It does not suffer from the circularity at the foundations of existing information theory (namely that information and distinguishability are each defined in terms of the other). It explains the relationship between classical and quantum information, and reveals the single, constructor-theoretic property underlying the most distinctive phenomena associated with the latter, including the lack of in-principle distinguishability of some states, the impossibility of cloning, the existence of pairs of variables that cannot simultaneously have sharp values, the fact that measurement processes can be both deterministic and unpredictable, the irreducible perturbation caused by measurement, and entanglement (locally inaccessible information).
Framing Environmental Health Decision-Making: The Struggle over Cumulative Impacts Policy
Creators: name: Payne-Sturges, Devon C.
name: Sangaramoorthy, Thurka
name: Mittmann, Helen
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2021
Subjects: US
cumulative risk
framing theory
environmental justice
public policy
health disparities
ethnographic research

description: Little progress has been made to advance U.S. federal policy responses to growing scientific findings about cumulative environmental health impacts and risks, which also show that many low income and racial and ethnic minority populations bear a disproportionate share of multiple environmental burdens. Recent scholarship points to a “standard narrative” by which policy makers rationalize their slow efforts on environmental justice because of perceived lack of data and analytical tools. Using a social constructivist approach, ethnographic research methods, and content analysis, we examined the social context of policy challenges related to cumulative risks and impacts in the state of Maryland between 2014 and 2016. We identified three frames about cumulative impacts as a health issue through which conflicts over such policy reforms materialize and are sustained: (a) perceptions of evidence, (b) interpretations of social justice, and (c) expectations of authoritative bodies. Our findings illustrate that policy impasse over cumulative impacts is highly dependent on how policy-relevant actors come to frame issues around legislating cumulative impacts, rather than the “standard narrative” of external constraints. Frame analysis may provide us with more robust understandings of policy processes to address cumulative risks and impacts and the social forces that create health policy change.
Implications Of A Dark Sector U(1) For Gamma Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Banks, Tom
name: Fischler, Willy
name: Lorshbough, Dustin
name: Tangarife, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the implications for gamma ray burst studies, of a dark unbroken $U(1)_D$ sector that couples predominantly through gravity to the visible sector. The dominant dark matter component remains neutral under $U(1)_D$. The collapsar model is assumed to explain the origin of long gamma ray bursts. The main idea is that by measuring the change in stellar black hole spin during the duration of the GRB, one can make inferences about the existence of a dark matter accretion disk. This could potentially provide evidence for the existence for a $U(1)_D$ sector.
description: 4 pages, references updated
Systematic underestimation of uncertainties by widespread neutron-scattering data-reduction software - Supplementary Material
Creators: name: Heybrock, Simon
name: Vaytet, Neil
name: Wynen, Jan-Lukas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Code to reproduce the figures of the paper "Systematic underestimation of uncertainties by widespread neutron-scattering data-reduction software". See the included file README.md for usage instructions.
Untitled ItemMagazyn Weterynaryjny 2000 supl.; 5 19-21
Creators: name: Kapulkin, Wadim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 70712 Veterinary Virology
subject: FOS: Veterinary sciences

description: Laboratory diagnostics of Feline Infectious Peritonitis / Feline Coronavirus. Magazyn Weterynaryjny 2000 supl.; 5 19-21
Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP) is a terminal disease resulting from infection of Feline Coronavirus (FeCoV). FeCoV is related and similar (also antigenically) with porcine Transmissible Gastro-Enteritis (TGE) coronavirus, canine coronavirus (CCoV), and also with coronaviruses infecting man.
Genetic Algorithms and the Search for Viable String Vacua
Creators: name: Abel, Steven
name: Rizos, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Genetic Algorithms are introduced as a search method for finding string vacua with viable phenomenological properties. It is shown, by testing them against a class of Free Fermionic models, that they are orders of magnitude more efficient than a randomised search. As an example, three generation, exophobic, Pati-Salam models with a top Yukawa occur once in every 10^{10} models, and yet a Genetic Algorithm can find them after constructing only 10^5 examples. Such non-deterministic search methods may be the only means to search for Standard Model string vacua with detailed phenomenological requirements.
description: 10 figures, 24 pages, JHEP version
Analysis of Radio Image Combination Methods
Creators: name: Lucas, Miles
name: Golap, Kumar
name: Tsutsumi, Takahiro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: astronomy
casa
nrao
reu
nsf
imaging
gbt
vla
alma

description: This is the poster for the 233rd AAS conference in Seattle, Washington. The poster describes the project completed by my 2018 NSF funded REU at NRAO in Socorro, New Mexico. The focus of the poster was on creating a pipeline for testing different ways of simulating, combining, and imaging radio interferometer data and radio single dish data.
Demonstration of a strong Rydberg blockade in three-atom systems with anisotropic interactions
Creators: name: Barredo, Daniel
name: Ravets, Sylvain
name: Labuhn, Henning
name: Béguin, Lucas
name: Vernier, Aline
name: Nogrette, Florence
name: Lahaye, Thierry
name: Browaeys, Antoine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Rydberg blockade in a system of three atoms arranged in different 2D geometries (linear and triangular configurations). In the strong blockade regime, we observe high-contrast, coherent collective oscillations of the single excitation probability, and an almost perfect van der Waals blockade. Our data is consistent with a total population in doubly and triply excited states below 2%. In the partial blockade regime, we directly observe the anisotropy of the van der Waals interactions between $|nD\rangle$ Rydberg states in the triangular configuration. A simple model, that only uses independently measured two-body van der Waals interactions, fully reproduces the dynamics of the system without any adjustable parameter. These results are extremely promising for scalable quantum information processing and quantum simulation with neutral atoms.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, supplemental material (including 1 figure)
Laboratory diagnostics of Feline Infectious Peritonitis / Feline Coronavirus.
Creators: name: Kapulkin, Wadim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 70712 Veterinary Virology
subject: FOS: Veterinary sciences

description: Laboratory diagnostics of Feline Infectious Peritonitis / Feline Coronavirus. Magazyn Weterynaryjny 2000 supl.; 5 19-21
Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP) is a terminal disease resulting from infection of Feline Coronavirus (FeCoV). FeCoV is related and similar (also antigenically) with porcine Transmissible Gastro-Enteritis (TGE) coronavirus, canine coronavirus (CCoV), and also with coronaviruses infecting man.
Asteroseismic measurement of surface-to-core rotation in a main sequence A star, KIC 11145123
Creators: name: Kurtz, Donald W.
name: Saio, Hideyuki
name: Takata, Masao
name: Shibahashi, Hiromoto
name: Murphy, Simon J.
name: Sekii, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have discovered rotationally split core g-mode triplets and surface p-mode triplets and quintuplets in a terminal age main sequence A star, KIC 11145123, that shows both $δ$ Sct p-mode pulsations and $γ$ Dor g-mode pulsations. This gives the first robust determination of the rotation of the deep core and surface of a main sequence star, essentially model-independently. We find its rotation to be nearly uniform with a period near 100 d, but we show with high confidence that the surface rotates slightly faster than the core. A strong angular momentum transfer mechanism must be operating to produce the nearly rigid rotation, and a mechanism other than viscosity must be operating to produce a more rapidly rotating surface than core. Our asteroseismic result, along with previous asteroseismic constraints on internal rotation in some B stars, and measurements of internal rotation in some subgiant, giant and white dwarf stars, has made angular momentum transport in stars throughout their lifetimes an observational science.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Hand Gesture Recognition Using EGaIn-Silicone Soft Sensors
Creators: name: Shin, Sungtae
name: Yoon, Han UI
name: Yoo, Byungseok
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2021
Subjects: machine learning
classification
wearable device
soft sensor
hand gesture recognition
silicone strain sensor
eutectic gallium-indium (EGaln)

description: Exploiting hand gestures for non-verbal communication has extraordinary potential in HCI. A data glove is an apparatus widely used to recognize hand gestures. To improve the functionality of the data glove, a highly stretchable and reliable signal-to-noise ratio sensor is indispensable. To do this, the study focused on the development of soft silicone microchannel sensors using a Eutectic Gallium-Indium (EGaIn) liquid metal alloy and a hand gesture recognition system via the proposed data glove using the soft sensor. The EGaIn-silicone sensor was uniquely designed to include two sensing channels to monitor the finger joint movements and to facilitate the EGaIn alloy injection into the meander-type microchannels. We recruited 15 participants to collect hand gesture dataset investigating 12 static hand gestures. The dataset was exploited to estimate the performance of the proposed data glove in hand gesture recognition. Additionally, six traditional classification algorithms were studied. From the results, a random forest shows the highest classification accuracy of 97.3% and a linear discriminant analysis shows the lowest accuracy of 87.4%. The non-linearity of the proposed sensor deteriorated the accuracy of LDA, however, the other classifiers adequately overcame it and performed high accuracies (>90%).
On the Efficient Evaluation of the Azimuthal Fourier Components of the Green's Function for Helmholtz's Equation in Cylindrical Coordinates
Creators: name: Garritano, James
name: Kluger, Yuval
name: Rokhlin, Vladimir
name: Serkh, Kirill
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this manuscript, we develop an efficient algorithm to evaluate the azimuthal Fourier components of the Green's function for the Helmholtz equation in cylindrical coordinates. A computationally efficient algorithm for this modal Green's function is essential for solvers for electromagnetic scattering from bodies of revolution (e.g., radar cross sections, antennas). Current algorithms to evaluate this modal Green's function become computationally intractable when the source and target are close or when the wavenumber is large. Furthermore, most state of the art methods cannot be easily parallelized. In this manuscript, we present an algorithm for evaluating the modal Green's function that has performance independent of both source-to-target proximity and wavenumber, and whose cost grows as $O(m)$, where $m$ is the Fourier mode. Furthermore, our algorithm is embarrassingly parallelizable.
description: 58 pages, 9 tables, 11 figures
Resolving the existence of Higgsinos in the LHC inverse problem
Creators: name: Jung, Sunghoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The LHC inverse problem is infamously challenging when neutralinos and charginos are heavy and pure and other superparticles are decoupled. This limit is becoming more relevant to particle physics nowadays. Fortunately, in this limit, Higgsinos produce a distinctive signature if they are the LSPs or NLSPs. The identifying signature is the presence of equal numbers of Z bosons and Higgs bosons in NLSP productions and subsequent decays at hadron colliders. The signature is derived from the Goldstone equivalence theorem by which partial widths into Z and Higgs bosons are inherently related and from the fact that Higgsinos consist of two indistinguishable neutralinos. Thus it is valid in general for many supersymmetry models; exceptions may happen when Higgsino NLSPs decay to weakly coupled LSPs such as axinos or gravitinos.
description: 25 pages, 6 figures; v.2: published version with measurement prospects updated
Inverting COSMIC-2 Phase Data to Bending Angle and Refractivity Profiles Using the Full Spectrum Inversion Method
Creators: name: Adhikari, Loknath
name: Ho, Shu-Peng
name: Zhou, Xinjia
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2021
Subjects: radio occultation
Global Navigation Satellite System
excess phase
bending angle
refractivity
Full Spectrum Inversion

description: The radio occultation technique provides stable atmospheric measurements that can work as a benchmark for calibrating and validating satellite-sounding data. Launched on 25 June 2019, the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate 2 and Formosa Satellite Mission 7 (COSMIC-2/FORMOSAT-7) are expected to produce about 5000 high-quality RO observations daily over the tropics and subtropics. COSMIC-2 constellation consists of 6 Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites in 24° inclination orbits at 720 km altitude and distributed mainly between 45°N to 45°S. The COSMIC-2 observations have uniform temporal coverage between 30°N to 30°S. This paper presents an independent inversion algorithm to invert COSMIC-2 geometry and phase data to bending angle and refractivity. We also investigate the quality of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) and LEO position vectors derived from the UCAR COSMIC Data Analysis and Archive Center (CDAAC). The GNSS and LEO position vectors are stable with LEO position variations < 1.4 mm/s. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) on the L1 band ranges from 300–2600 v/v with a mean of 1600 v/v. The inversion algorithm developed at NOAA Center for Satellite Applications and Research (STAR) uses the Full Spectrum Inversion (FSI) method to invert COSMIC-2 geometry and phase data to bending angle and refractivity profiles. The STAR COSMIC-2 bending angle and refractivity profiles are compared with in situ radiosonde, the current COSMIC-2 products derived from CDAAC, and the collocated European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) climate reanalysis data ERA5. The mean bias at 8–40 km altitude among the UCAR, ERA5, and STAR is <0.1% for both bending and refractivity, with a standard deviation in the range of 1.4–2.3 and 0.9–1.1% for bending angles refractivity, respectively. In the lowest 2 km, the RO bias relative to ERA-5 shows a strong latitudinal and SNR dependence.
Laboratory diagnostics of Feline Infectious Peritonitis / Feline Coronavirus.
Creators: name: Kapulkin, Wadim
name: Kita, Pawel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 70712 Veterinary Virology
subject: FOS: Veterinary sciences

description: Laboratory diagnostics of Feline Infectious Peritonitis / Feline Coronavirus. Magazyn Weterynaryjny 2000 supl.; 5 19-21
Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP) is a terminal disease resulting from infection of Feline Coronavirus (FeCoV). FeCoV is related and similar (also antigenically) with porcine Transmissible Gastro-Enteritis (TGE) coronavirus, canine coronavirus (CCoV), and also with coronaviruses infecting man.
Role of Models in the Decision-Making Process in Integrated Urban Water Management: A Review
Creators: name: Mosleh, Leila
name: Negahban-Azar, Masoud
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2021
Subjects: integrated urban water management (IUWM)
urban water management models
urban water system
decision support system

description: Managing urban water systems in which stormwater, wastewater, and drinking water sectors affect each other is a difficult task that requires the right modeling tools for decision making. Integrated urban water management models (IUWMs) are tools that allow decision makers to demonstrate the effectiveness of various management, operational and design strategies. Although models are useful tools, the wide range of available models with many different capabilities make it challenging for the users to select an appropriate model for their specific objectives. In this review we investigated the capabilities of popular models in IUWM. We developed a comprehensive list of indicators to compare the capabilities of the models. We also analyzed the application of these models in a comparative way and evaluated their input requirements. Finally, we provided a procedure to select the appropriate model in the management environment based on the user’s needs. In summary, the results show that most of the models’ applications are focused on supply and demand, wastewater management, and stormwater management. Very few models consider social factors and policy aspects in IUWM. While each model has its own advantages, we found some of them, such as MIKE Urban, Hydro Planner, and Aqua Cycle, to be more comprehensive. Nevertheless, there are still gaps in the models in areas such as water-energy nexus, evaluating ecosystem services, including socioeconomic factors and sustainability analysis.
Symplectic structure of equilibrium thermodynamics
Creators: name: Aragon-Munoz, Luis
name: Quevedo, Hernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The contact geometric structure of the thermodynamic phase space is used to introduce a novel symplectic structure on the tangent bundle of the equilibrium space. Moreover, it turns out that the equilibrium space can be interpreted as a Lagrange submanifold of the corresponding tangent bundle, if the fundamental equation is known explicitly. As a consequence, Hamiltonians can be defined that describe thermodynamic processes.
description: New sections, comments and references added. Final version to appear in IJGMMP
Non-equilibrium conductivity at quantum critical points
Creators: name: Berridge, A. M.
name: Green, A. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum criticality provides an important route to revealing universal non-equilibrium behaviour. A canonical example of a quantum critical point is the Bose-Hubbard model, which we study under the application of an electric field. A Boltzmann transport formalism and $ε$-expansion are used to obtain the non-equilibrium conductivity and current noise. This approach allows us to explicitly identify how a universal non-equilibrium steady state is maintained, by identifying the rate-limiting step in balancing Joule heating and dissipation to a heat bath. It also reveals that the non-equilibrium distribution function is very far from a thermal distribution.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
An Improved Airflow and Watering Balance for a Biowall
Creators: name: Silva, Dhanurja De
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 401102
subject: Environmentally sustainable engineering
classificationCode: 401799
subject: Mechanical engineering not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 330311
subject: Models and simulations of design

description: Clean indoor air is a necessity, in the past opening a window or supplying outdoor air would suffice for removing indoor contaminated air. As humans live in more dense neighborhoods or urban areas, the need for energy efficient clean indoor air is important. As outdoor air pollution increases, a Biowall is a device to improve aesthetics and clean indoor air by pulling air through the root zone of plants in a loosely packed growth media. The Biowall is a sustainable supplement to a single use air filter. For this research a small Biowall was designed, fabricated, tested, and installed in the Children’s wing of a public library. The airflow simulation and watering for the Biowall was explored using Autodesk CFD to simulate the airflow through growth media and identify a hole pattern to distribute airflow evenly through the plant trays. Various watering line designs were also tested until the rectangular design proved to be more balanced at distributing the water evenly to the growth media. Finally, the air cleaning ability of the Biowall was tested using a Clean Air Delivery Rate (CADR) test to quantify the cleaning rate. The Biowall provided 12 cfm of clean air, or about 2 cfm/sq ft of plant tray area.
Overlays Capture Architecture (OCA)
Creators: name: Knowles, Paul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Decentralised semantics
subject: Data capture schemas
subject: https://oca.colossi.network

description: Overlays Capture Architecture (OCA) offers a data harmonisation solution between data models and data representation formats. Primarily devised for semantic object interoperability and privacy-compliant data sharing, OCA is a proposed global standard for data capture that promises to significantly enhance the ability to define, manage, and use data in terms of simplicity, accuracy, and allocation of resources. As defined in its Articles of Association, the mission of the Human Colossus Foundation (HCF) is to develop open data management standards for societal benefit. This document represents the first version of this effort by combining a definition of the semantic domain and its first applications (Part A) with the OCA specification (Part B). HCF endorses this document as part of the overall Dynamic Data Economy (DDE) concept.
Graphical functions in even dimensions
Creators: name: Borinsky, Michael
name: Schnetz, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81Q30, 81Q15, 81T99

description: Graphical functions are special position space Feynman integrals, which can be used to calculate Feynman periods and one- or two-scale processes at high loop orders. With graphical functions, renormalization constants have been calculated to loop orders seven and eight in four-dimensional $ϕ^4$ theory and to order five in six-dimensional $ϕ^3$ theory. In this article we present the theory of graphical functions in even dimensions $\geq4$ with detailed reviews of known properties and full proofs whenever possible.
description: 67 pages, 36 figures
Photogrammetric Measurement and Analysis of the Shape Profile of Pneumatic Artificial Muscles
Creators: name: Chambers, Jonathan M.
name: Wereley, Norman M.
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2021
Subjects: McKibben actuators
pneumatic
hydraulic
photogrammetry

description: Inaccuracies in modeling of the geometric shape of PAMs has long been cited as a probable source of error in modeling and design efforts. The geometric shape and volume of PAMs is commonly approximated using a cylindrical shape profile, even though its shape is non-cylindrical. Correction factors—based on qualitative observations of the PAM’s general shape—are often implemented to compensate for error in this cylindrical shape approximation. However, there is little evidence or consensus on the accuracy and form of these correction factors. Approximations of the shape profile are also used to calculate the internal volume of PAMs, as experimental measurements of the internal volume require intrusive testing methods and specialized equipment. This research presents a photogrammetric method for measuring the shape profile and internal volume of PAMs. A test setup, method of image data acquisition, and a preliminary analysis of the image data, is presented in this research. A 22.2 mm (7/8 in) diameter PAM is used to demonstrate the photogrammetric procedure and test its accuracy. Analysis of the tested PAM characterizes trends of the shape profile with respect to pressure and contraction. The common method of estimating the diameter—through the use of the cylindrical approximation and initial geometry of the PAM—is tested by comparison to the measured shape profile data. Finally, a simple method of calculating the internal volume using the measured shape profile data is developed. The presented method of acquiring photogrammetric measurements of PAM shape produces an accurate characterization of its shape profile, thereby mitigating uncertainty in PAM shape in analysis and other efforts.
Physical characteristics of glasma from the earliest stage of relativistic heavy ion collisions
Creators: name: Carrington, Margaret E.
name: Czajka, Alina
name: Mrówczyński, Stanislaw
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present analytic results that describe the gluon field, or glasma, at very early times after a collision of relativistic heavy ions at proper time $τ=0$. We use a Colour Glass Condensate approach, and perform an expansion in $τ$. The full details of our method are described in our previous paper [1]. In this paper we present an analysis of various physical quantities that can be obtained from the energy-momentum tensor. We show that the expansion to order $τ^6$ can be trusted to about $τ=0.05$ fm. For times small enough that the expansion converges, the transverse and longitudinal pressures move towards their equilibrium values of one third of the energy density. The Fourier coefficients of the azimuthal flow are larger than expected, which contradicts the usual assumption that anisotropy is mostly generated during the hydrodynamic evolution of the plasma. We find a significant correlation between the elliptic flow coefficient and the eccentricity, which indicates that the spatial asymmetry introduced by the initial geometry is effectively transmitted to the azimuthal distribution of the gluon momentum field, even at very early times. This result is interesting because correlations of this kind are characteristic of the onset of hydrodynamic behaviour. We show that the angular momentum of the glasma is orders of magnitude smaller than the angular momentum of the initial system of ions colliding with non-zero impact parameter. This indicates that most of the angular momentum carried by the valence quarks is not transmitted to the glasma, and contradicts the picture of a rapidly rotating initial glasma state that has been proposed by several authors, but agrees with the current lack of experimental evidence for a significant polarization effect of the hyperons and vector mesons produced in heavy ion collisions at the highest accessible energies.
description: 42 pages, 29 figures
Energy carries Information
Creators: name: Ilgin, Irfan
name: Yang, I-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that for every qubit of quantum information, there is a well-defined notion of "the amount of energy that carries it", because it is a conserved quantity. This generalizes to larger systems and any conserved quantites: the eigenvalue spectrum of conserved charges has to be preserved while transferring quantum information. It is possible to "apparently" violate these conservations by losing a small fraction of information, but that must invoke a specific process which requires a large scale coherence. We discuss its implication regarding the black hole information paradox.
description: version 2, 5 pages, no figures: We thank Douglas Stanford for pointing out a technical mistake in Section III of the previous version. We rewrote that section and partially Section IV. We also made the footnotes appear correctly
EXPLORING EDUCATOR PROBLEM-SOLVING BELIEFS IN INDIANA HIGHER EDUCATION: A QUALITATIVE APPROACH
Creators: name: Hook, Krista F
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 390113
subject: Science, technology and engineering curriculum and pedagogy

description: The dissertation study presented here explores what higher education instructors believe about problem-solving. Beliefs about problem-solving pedagogy and the influences that change pedagogical approaches in the post-secondary realm of physics education require more robust exploration. The level of change that occurs through the day-to-day teaching cycle and the support that garners improvement are essential aspects of teaching in higher education that need robust understanding. Insight into higher education could illuminate the transitional experience of students between high school and college-level physics. This study explores the beliefs of Indiana college and high school educators, all of whom teach college-level physics content, and probed how those beliefs shaped higher education instructional strategies and teaching philosophies. The study was conducted using a Constructivist Grounded Theory approach. The findings show that physics educators in college and high school learning environments lacked support explicitly geared toward them and physics. All the educators included in the study taught college-level physics. Four of the six participants were the only ones teaching physics in their schools. Despite the isolation, all participants noted the importance of peer-to-peer learning for themselves and their students, noting interactions with exterior training opportunities (e.g., educational conferences or online educator communities). However, the most crucial source of change in their teaching beliefs and approaches that the participants noted was the feedback they received from students.