cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Trade Liberalizing Impacts of NAFTA in Sugar: Global Implications
Creators: name: Knutson, Ronald D.
name: Westhoff, Patrick C.
name: Sherwell, Pablo
name: Knutson, Ronald D.
name: Westhoff, Patrick C.
name: Sherwell, Pablo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: policy
subject: NAFTA
subject: sugar

description: In 2008, the NAFTA provisions opened the U.S. market for sugar imports from Mexico. The FAPRI U.S. agriculture sector model and the Mexican agriculture sector model were utilized simultaneously to analyze the implications for agribusiness interests of free trade with Mexico in sugar. It was found that the dire predictions of U.S. producer interests would not materialize. The economic impacts were much less than had been predicted. It was found that even with free trade, U.S. and Mexican sugar prices do not move in lockstep.
description: www.ifama.org
Additional file 1 of Notch signaling in mouse blastocyst development and hatching
Creators: name: Batista, Mariana R.
name: Diniz, Patrícia
name: Torres, Ana
name: Murta, Daniel
name: Lopes-Da-Costa, Luís
name: Silva, Elisabete
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Boxplot of ∆Ct values of transcription levels of Notch and pluripotency and differentiation genes in 3.5 dpc compact morulae (n = 9), blastocysts (n = 9) and expanded blastocysts (n = 7), and in 4.5 dpc hatched blastocysts (n = 5). Ct values of target genes were normalized to the average of Ct of housekeeping genes Rps29 and Hprt1.
Crop Insurance Purchase Decisions: A Study of Northern Illinois Farmers
Creators: name: Ginder, Matthew G.
name: Spaulding, Aslihan D.
name: Winter, J. Randy
name: Tudor, Kerry W.
name: Ginder, Matthew G.
name: Spaulding, Aslihan D.
name: Winter, J. Randy
name: Tudor, Kerry W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: When selecting crop insurance coverage, farmers must consider multiple factors. The importance associated with factors that are considered when making crop insurance decisions varies among individual farmers. As available crop insurance options increase, selecting the appropriate coverage becomes a more complicated process. The prevalence of crop insurance participation and the existence of multiple selection criteria also makes understanding participant decisions more difficult. This paper provides findings of a mail survey conducted among farmers in northern Illinois. Mainly, this paper examines factors influencing farmers’ crop insurance purchase decisions, types of coverage purchased, and farmers’ risk attitudes.
The Effects of Clumping on Derived Abundances in H II Regions
Creators: name: Mathis, John S.
name: Wood, Kenneth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have compared Monte Carlo photoionization models of H II regions with a uniform density distribution with models with the same central stars and chemical compositions but with 3-D hierarchical clumps. We compare the abundances of He, N, O, Ne, and S obtained from emission line strengths and [O III] and [N II] temperatures to those in our models. We consider stellar temperatures in the range 37.5 -- 45kK and ionizing luminosities from 10^{48} to 10^{51} photons/s. Clumped models have different ionic abundances than uniform. For hot stars, He^0/He^+ is 2 -- 3%, much larger than with uniform models. This amount of He I is independent of metallicity and so impacts the determination of the primordial abundance of He. The total abundances of O, Ne, and S obtained by the usual methods of analysis, using T([OIII) for high stages of ionization and T([NII]) for low, are about as accurate for clumped models as for uniform and within about 20% of the true values. If T([OIII]) is used for analyzing all ions, the derived (O/H) is 40 to 60% too large for cool stars but is good for hot stars. Uniform models have similar errors, so the clumping does not change the accuracy of abundance analysis. The physical causes of the ionic abundance errors are present in real nebulae. In clumped models, helium ionizing radiation from zones of high ionization (low He^0 and low UV opacity) can penetrate nearby regions near the edge of the ionized zone. This effect allows He^0 to absorb more stellar photons than in uniform or radially symmetrical geometries. In turn, these absorptions compete with O+, etc., for those energetic stellar photons.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures. Accepted by MNRAS
Climate Effects on Rainfall Index Insurance Purchase Decisions
Creators: name: Novak, James L.
name: Nadolnyak, Denis A.
name: Novak, James L.
name: Nadolnyak, Denis A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Risk and Uncertainty

description: Rainfall Index (RI) insurance provides forage and hay producers with group risk protection against drought related losses. However, insurance premiums and risk protection are currently based on pooled weather data series and do not account for the impacts of specific climate phases, specifically the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), on local rainfall distribution. This analysis examines differences in the expected payoffs on the RI insurance under varying coverage levels based on probabilities of rainfall shortage during specific climate events at four Agricultural Experiment Stations in Alabama. Policy makers and producers are expected to benefit from the results that show the varying effects of climate on expected payouts from this insurance.
How High is High x?
Creators: name: Franklin, Jerrold
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general three quark bound state satisfying the Pauli principle, and conserving angular momentum and isospin, is used to investigate the spin structure of nucleons at high $x$. It is shown that, if a spin up quark dominates as $x$$\to$1 for a spin up proton, it must be a u quark. Then both $A_{1p}$ and $A_{1n}$, as well as the quark spin distribution $Δu/u$, will approach 1 as $x$$\to$1. The spin distribution $Δd/d$ does not approach 1, but is bound by the limits $-{1/3}\leΔd/d\le 0$ for any $x$. The ratio {$F_{1n}/F_{1p}$ will approach 1/4} (not3/7).
description: Presented at HIX 2004, Marseille July 23-26, 2004
Virtual effects of light gauginos and higgsinos: a precision electroweak analysis of split supersymmetry
Creators: name: Martin, Stephen P.
name: Tobe, Kazuhiro
name: Wells, James D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute corrections to precision electroweak observables in supersymmetry in the limit that scalar superpartners are very massive and decoupled. This leaves charginos and neutralinos and a Standard Model-like Higgs boson as the only states with unknown mass substantially affecting the analysis. We give complete formulas for the chargino and neutralino contributions, derive simple analytic results for the pure gaugino and higgsino cases, and study the general case. We find that in all circumstances, the precision electroweak fit improves when the charginos and neutralinos are near the current direct limits. Larger higgsino and gaugino masses worsen the fit as the theory predictions asymptotically approach those of the Standard Model. Since the Standard Model is considered by most to be an adequate fit to the precision electroweak data, an important corollary to our analysis is that all regions of parameter space allowed by direct collider constraints are also allowed by precision electroweak constraints in split supersymmetry.
description: 22 pages, 5 figures, v2: typos fixed and note added
A Hybrid Model for Weakly-Supervised Speech Dereverberation
Creators: name: Bahrman, Louis
name: Fontaine, Mathieu
name: Richard, Gael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper introduces a new training strategy to improve speech dereverberation systems using minimal acoustic information and reverberant (wet) speech. Most existing algorithms rely on paired dry/wet data, which is difficult to obtain, or on target metrics that may not adequately capture reverberation characteristics and can lead to poor results on non-target metrics. Our approach uses limited acoustic information, like the reverberation time (RT60), to train a dereverberation system. The system's output is resynthesized using a generated room impulse response and compared with the original reverberant speech, providing a novel reverberation matching loss replacing the standard target metrics. During inference, only the trained dereverberation model is used. Experimental results demonstrate that our method achieves more consistent performance across various objective metrics used in speech dereverberation than the state-of-the-art.
Leptonic widths of high excitations in heavy quarkonia
Creators: name: Badalian, A. M.
name: Veselov, A. I.
name: Bakker, B. L. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Agreement with the measured electronic widths of the $ψ(4040)$, $ψ(4415)$, and $Υ(11019)$ resonances is shown to be reached if two effects are taken into account: a flattening of the confining potential at large distances and a total screening of the gluon-exchange interaction at $r\ga 1.2$ fm. The leptonic widths of the unobserved $Υ(7S)$ and $ψ(5S)$ resonances: $Γ_{e^+e^-}(Υ(7S))=0.11$ keV and $Γ(ψ(5S))\approx 0.54$ keV are predicted.
description: 11 pages revtex4
Kupershmidt-(dual-)Nijenhuis structures on a Lie algebra with a representation
Creators: name: Hu, Yuwang
name: Liu, Jiefeng
name: Sheng, Yunhe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, first we study infinitesimal deformations of a Lie algebra with a representation and introduce the notion of a Nijenhuis pair, which gives a trivial deformation of a Lie algebra with a representation. Then we introduce the notion of a Kupershmidt-(dual-)Nijenhuis structure on a Lie algebra with a representation, which is a generalization of the $r$-$n$ structure ($r$-matrix-Nijenhuis structure) introduced by Ravanpak, Rezaei-Aghdam and Haghighatdoost. We show that a Kupershmidt-(dual-)Nijenhuis structure gives rise to a hierarchy of Kupershmidt operators. Finally, we define a Rota-Baxter-Nijenhuis structure to be a Kupershmidt-Nijenhuis structure on a Lie algebra with respect to the adjoint representation, and study the relation between Rota-Baxter-Nijenhuis structures and $r$-matrix-Nijenhuis structures.
description: 16 pages
Consumers' Shopping Patterns and Expenditures on Ethnic Produce: A Case Study from the Eastern Coastal U.S.A.
Creators: name: Govindasamy, Ramu
name: VanVranken, Richard
name: Sciarappa, William
name: Ayeni, Albert
name: Puduri, Venkata S.
name: Pappas, Kim
name: Simon, James E.
name: Mangan, Frank
name: Lamberts, Mary
name: McAvoy, Gene
name: Govindasamy, Ramu
name: VanVranken, Richard
name: Sciarappa, William
name: Ayeni, Albert
name: Puduri, Venkata S.
name: Pappas, Kim
name: Simon, James E.
name: Mangan, Frank
name: Lamberts, Mary
name: McAvoy, Gene
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: This study was undertaken to examine the possible niche markets which East Coast farmers might be able to use to regain their advantage. Their future economic success could hinge on shifting the focus from traditional fruits and vegetables to high-value specialty ethnic produce for which there might be a growing demand. The study results indicate that there is a strong market demand and interest for ethnic produce in the East Coast. Local producers can benefit by concentrating their efforts in producing ethnic vegetables and fresh produce and making these newer products available in the local and regional markets.
Targeted Pandemic Containment Through Identifying Local Contact Network Bottlenecks
Creators: name: Yang, Shenghao
name: Senapati, Priyabrata
name: Wang, Di
name: Bauch, Chris T.
name: Fountoulakis, Kimon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Decision-making about pandemic mitigation often relies upon simulation modelling. Models of disease transmission through networks of contacts--between individuals or between population centres--are increasingly used for these purposes. Real-world contact networks are rich in structural features that influence infection transmission, such as tightly-knit local communities that are weakly connected to one another. In this paper, we propose a new flow-based edge-betweenness centrality method for detecting bottleneck edges that connect nodes in contact networks. In particular, we utilize convex optimization formulations based on the idea of diffusion with p-norm network flow. Using simulation models of COVID-19 transmission through real network data at both individual and county levels, we demonstrate that targeting bottleneck edges identified by the proposed method reduces the number of infected cases by up to 10% more than state-of-the-art edge-betweenness methods. Furthermore, the proposed method is orders of magnitude faster than existing methods.
description: 38 pages, 21 figures
Dirac and Klein-Gordon equations with equal scalar and vector potentials
Creators: name: Alhaidari, A. D.
name: Bahlouli, H.
name: Al-Hasan, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the three-dimensional Dirac and Klein-Gordon equations with scalar and vector potentials of equal magnitudes as an attempt to give a proper physical interpretation of this class of problems which has recently been accumulating interest. We consider a large class of these problems in which the potentials are noncentral (angular-dependent) such that the equations separate completely in spherical coordinates. The relativistic energy spectra are obtained and shown to differ from those of well-known problems that have the same nonrelativistic limit. Consequently, such problems should not be misinterpreted as the relativistic extension of the given potentials despite the fact that the nonrelativistic limit is the same. The Coulomb, Oscillator and Hartmann potentials are considered. This shows that although the nonrelativistic limit is well-defined and unique, the relativistic extension is not. Additionally, we investigate the Klein-Gordon equation with uneven mix of potentials leading to the correct relativistic extension. We consider the case of spherically symmetric exponential-type potentials resulting in the s-wave Klein-Gordon-Morse problem.
description: 12 pages
Economic Evaluation of Soybean Fungicide Seed Treatments
Creators: name: Popp, Michael P.
name: Rupe, John
name: Rothrock, Craig
name: Popp, Michael P.
name: Rupe, John
name: Rothrock, Craig
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Production Economics

description: The effect of nine different fungicide seed treatments for soybeans were tested from 2004 to 2007 at Keiser, Stuttgart, and Hope, Arkansas. While seedling emergence was effective across all treatments, only three treatments showed statistically significant differences in partial returns, defined as gross revenue minus seed and seed treatment costs. Comparisons of the regret a producer would experience as a result of non-optimal seed treatment suggested that broad spectrum seed treatment could enhance profitability by an average of $32 per acre with similar treatment recommendations across a range of seeding rates, output prices and study conditions.
Fast and Accurate Modeling of Transient-State Gradient-Spoiled Sequences by Recurrent Neural Networks
Creators: name: Liu, Hongyan
name: van der Heide, Oscar
name: Berg, Cornelis A. T. van den
name: Sbrizzi, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fast and accurate modeling of MR signal responses are typically required for various quantitative MRI applications, such as MR Fingerprinting and MR-STAT. This work uses a new EPG-Bloch model for accurate simulation of transient-state gradient-spoiled MR sequences, and proposes a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) as a fast surrogate of the EPG-Bloch model for computing large-scale MR signals and derivatives. The computational efficiency of the RNN model is demonstrated by comparing with other existing models, showing one to three orders of acceleration comparing to the latest GPU-accelerated open-source EPG package. By using numerical and in-vivo brain data, two use cases, namely MRF dictionary generation and optimal experimental design, are also provided. Results show that the RNN surrogate model can be efficiently used for computing large-scale dictionaries of transient-states signals and derivatives within tens of seconds, resulting in several orders of magnitude acceleration with respect to state-of-the-art implementations. The practical application of transient-states quantitative techniques can therefore be substantially facilitated.
description: Correct for typo errors
Discovery of multiple shells around V838 Monocerotis
Creators: name: van Loon, Jacco Th.
name: Evans, A.
name: Rushton, Mark T.
name: Smalley, Barry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of multiple shells around the eruptive variable star V838 Mon. Two dust shells are seen in IRAS and MSX images, which themselves are situated in a shell of CO. This securely establishes V838 Mon as an evolved object. We revisit the light echo, which arises from scattering off the innermost resolved dust shell, to infer a distance to V838 Mon of >~5.5 kpc. The dynamical timescales of the ejected shells, location in the Milky Way and inferred luminosity are consistent with V838 Mon being a low-mass AGB star experiencing thermal pulses of which the 2002 eruption might have sent the star into the post-AGB phase. This scenario, however, is inconsistent with the presence of a (young and massive) B3 V companion.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Beam test characterisation of a Plastic Scintillator Prototype for the space-based cosmic ray experiment HERD
Creators: name: Cattaneo, P. W.
name: Pullia, M.
name: Prata, M. C.
name: Rappoldi, A.
name: Rossella, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The High Energy cosmic-Radiation Detector (HERD) facility is planned to go onboard China's Space Station, planned to be operational starting in around 2025 for about 10 years. The main scientific objectives of HERD are the search for signals of dark matter annihilation products, precise cosmic electron/positron spectrum and measurements of anisotropy up to 10 TeV, precise cosmic ray spectrum and composition measurements up to the knee energy (1 PeV), and high energy $γ$-ray monitoring and survey. HERD consists of a 3D cubic crystals calorimeter (CALO) surrounded by microstrip silicon trackers (STKs) and scintillating fiber trackers (FIT) and by a Plastic Scintillator Detector (PSD) for $γ$-ray veto and ion charge measurement. A PSD prototype consisting of a scintillator tile readout by two arrays of SiPMs on opposite sides has been tested with proton and C ion beam at the CNAO (Centro Nazionale Adroterapia Oncologica) in Pavia, (Italy). Preliminary results on charge resolution are presented.
Impact of Hired Foreign Labor on Milk Production and Herd Size in the United States
Creators: name: Susanto, Dwi
name: Rosson, C. Parr
name: Adcock, Flynn J.
name: Anderson, David P.
name: Susanto, Dwi
name: Rosson, C. Parr
name: Adcock, Flynn J.
name: Anderson, David P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Financial Economics
Productivity Analysis

description: Foreign labor has become increasingly important component of U.S. agriculture. Disruption in the supply of agricultural labor has been argued to significantly affect agricultural production. This study analyzes the impacts of foreign labor shortages on the dairy industry using national survey data. The results suggest that a 30 percent hired foreign labor shortage will result in 10.1 billion pound decline in total U.S. milk production. This is equivalent to a loss of 458.9 thousand dairy cows. One of the key implications of this study is the need for immigration or labor policies that help maintain consistent labor availability and stability of the dairy farm workforce.
Measurement and modeling of the effect of fines content on the transverse permeability of oriented strand board (OSB)
Creators: name: Fakhri, Hamidreza
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Most Oriented Strand Board (OSB) panels produced today contain up to 30% fines in the core. Since substantial quantities of fines are generated during the stranding process, there is a strong economic incentive for incorporating as much of this material into finished panels as possible while still meeting product quality standards. The inclusion of fines into the core of an OSB mat affects the permeability of the mat, which in turn may affect the press cycle of the boards. There is some work on the permeability of particleboard and OSB made from only strands or without resin in the literature, but none on resinated mixtures of fines and strands. For this work, OSB furnish was collected from a commercial OSB plant. The species mix in the furnish was approximately 60% aspen, 30% pine, and 10% birch. The strands and fines were separated by screening. A set of 45 boards was made at 3 levels of target density and 5 different strands and fines ratios and transverse permeability of the full thickness, surface, and core layers were measured. Vertical density profile (VDP) and internal bond strength (IB) of the boards were also tested. The results indicate that board density has a major effect on transverse permeability of the full thickness of the OSB panel as well as individual layers within a board (top, bottom, and core). Fines content in the core layer has a statistically significant effect on its permeability. In contrast, there was no statistically significant effect of fines content on permeability of the full thickness samples; this implies that permeability of the core layer was heavily masked by the denser impermeable surface layers. The permeability of the core layer increases with fines content at each panel density level with the rate of increase being higher for the high density panels. Based on these results, a model was developed to predict the permeability of the core of OSB containing a mixture of strands and fines. The model considers the furnish mixture as layers of only strands and only fines arranged in series and parallel configurations. The inputs to the model are the mass fraction of the fines in the layer, the known permeability of the composite comprised of 100% fines and 100% strands .layers as functions of density, and an empirical coefficient 'α' which expresses the contribution from each model. It was found that the upper bound of the permeability data was approximately coincident with the parallel model while the lower bound corresponded with the series model. The permeability data were well described by a rule of mixtures combination of the parallel and series models for α - 0.48.
On a Division Algebra Classification of Constrained Generalized Supersymmetries
Creators: name: Toppan, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this talk we present a division-algebra classification of the generalized supersymmetries admitting bosonic tensorial central charges. We show that for complex and quaternionic supersymmetries a whole class of compatible division-algebra constraints can be imposed. Possible applications to M-theory related dynamical systems are briefly mentioned.
description: Invited plenary talk at the IV International Conference on Mathematical Methods in Physics, August 2004, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Published in PoS WC2004/047
Model Fusion via Neuron Transplantation
Creators: name: Öz, Muhammed
name: Kiefer, Nicholas
name: Debus, Charlotte
name: Hörter, Jasmin
name: Streit, Achim
name: Götz, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Ensemble learning is a widespread technique to improve the prediction performance of neural networks. However, it comes at the price of increased memory and inference time. In this work we propose a novel model fusion technique called \emph{Neuron Transplantation (NT)} in which we fuse an ensemble of models by transplanting important neurons from all ensemble members into the vacant space obtained by pruning insignificant neurons. An initial loss in performance post-transplantation can be quickly recovered via fine-tuning, consistently outperforming individual ensemble members of the same model capacity and architecture. Furthermore, NT enables all the ensemble members to be jointly pruned and jointly trained in a combined model. Comparing it to alignment-based averaging (like Optimal-Transport-fusion), it requires less fine-tuning than the corresponding OT-fused model, the fusion itself is faster and requires less memory, while the resulting model performance is comparable or better. The code is available under the following link: https://github.com/masterbaer/neuron-transplantation.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures, conference: ECML-PKDD 2024
Area covered by disks in small-bounded continuum percolating systems: An application to the string percolation model
Creators: name: Ramírez, J. E.
name: Pajares, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In string percolation model, the study of colliding systems at high energies is based on a continuum percolation theory in two dimensions where the number of strings distributed in the surface of interest is strongly determined by the size and the energy of the colliding particles. It is also expected that the surface where the disks are lying be finite, defining a system without periodic boundary conditions. In this work, we report modifications to the fraction of the area covered by disks in continuum percolating systems due to a finite number of disks and bounded by different geometries: circle, ellipse, triangle, square and pentagon, which correspond to the first Fourier modes of the shape fluctuation of the initial state after the particle collision. We find that the deviation of the fraction of area covered by disks from its corresponding value in the thermodynamic limit satisfies a universal behavior, where the free parameters depend on the density profile, number of disks and the shape of the boundary. Consequently, it is also found that the color suppression factor of the string percolation model is modified by a damping function related to the small-bounded effects. Corrections to the temperature and the speed of sound defined in string systems are also shown for small and elliptically bounded systems.
description: 19 pages, 12 figures
A Case Study of Fall versus Spring Calving for the Rocky Mountain West
Creators: name: Strauch, Brian A.
name: Peck, Dannele E.
name: Held, Larry J.
name: Strauch, Brian A.
name: Peck, Dannele E.
name: Held, Larry J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: Feeder cattle prices are generally lower in the fall, when the volume of calves for sale is highest. Most ranches in the Rocky Mountains calve in March or April, which results in the sale of weaned calves in October, when feeder cattle prices tend to be lowest. This study was initiated with the idea that a rancher might improve profitability by switching to fall calving, which would enable them to sell calves in April at a higher price. In this study, fall calving generated both higher and less variable profit, but mainly because of cost savings.
Additional file 1 of Radiotherapy for pelvic nodal recurrences after radical prostatectomy: patient selection in clinical practice
Creators: name: Panje, Cedric
name: Zilli, Thomas
name: Pra, Alan Dal
name: Arnold, Winfried
name: Brouwer, Kathrin
name: Schüler, Helena I. Garcia
name: Gomez, Silvia
name: Herrera, Fernanda
name: Kaouthar Khanfir
name: Papachristofilou, Alexandros
name: Pesce, Gianfranco
name: Reuter, Christiane
name: Vees, Hansjörg
name: Zwahlen, Daniel
name: Putora, Paul Martin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Initial open-question survey which was sent to the participating centers.
Semi-Selfdecomposable Laws and Related Processes
Creators: name: Satheesh, S
name: Sandhya, E
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60 E 07; 60 G 10; 60 G 18; 60 G 51; 60 G 52; 62 E 10; 62 M 10

description: In this note we identify the class of distributions for {Xn} that can generate a linear, additive, first order auto-regressive scheme that is marginally stationary as semi-selfdecomposable laws. We give a method to construct these distributions. Its implications in subordination and selfdecomposability of Levy processes are given. The discrete analogues of these processes are also discussed.
description: Revised, as in the journal format
Origin of the Recirculation Flow Pattern Induced by Nanosecond Discharges and Criterion for its Development
Creators: name: Roger, Edouard
name: Mariotto, Pierre
name: Laux, Christophe O
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonequilibrium plasmas generated by spark discharges induce chemical, thermal, and flow dynamic effects that are beneficial in many applications such as plasmalysis, plasma-assisted combustion, and plasma flow control. Among the flow dynamic effects generated by these discharges, vorticity is of particular interest because it enhances the mixing of the discharge products with the surrounding environment and accelerates the cooling of the kernel. This article provides a comprehensive examination of the vorticity produced by nanosecond discharges in air. Using computational fluid dynamic simulations of the blast wave resulting from energy deposition in the interelectrode volume during the nanosecond pulse, we analyze the various sources of vorticity during the post-discharge period. The non-uniform strength of the leading shock of the blast wave is found to be the primary promoter of vorticity. Other sources, such as the barocline torque, play a secondary role in explaining the overall recirculation pattern. In addition, the discharge cooling mechanisms are also investigated. The cooling regimes and their efficiencies are classified according to the discharge parameters, such as the inter-electrode gap, the initial kernel temperature, or the frequency of repetitive pulses. Finally, a physics-based, non-dimensional number PI* , equal to the ratio of the initial kernel temperature to the ambient temperature, is introduced. A numerical analysis shows that the transition between the recirculating and non-recirculating flow regimes occurs for PI* on the order of 10. This criterion is validated against experimental and numerical results from the literature.
description: Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, In press
Optimal resource cost for error mitigation
Creators: name: Takagi, Ryuji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the central problems for near-term quantum devices is to understand their ultimate potential and limitations. We address this problem in terms of quantum error mitigation by introducing a framework taking into account the full expressibility of near-term devices, in which the optimal resource cost for the probabilistic error cancellation method can be formalized. We provide a general methodology for evaluating the optimal cost by connecting it to a resource-theoretic quantifier defined with respect to the noisy operations that devices can implement. We employ our methods to estimate the optimal cost in mitigating a general class of noise, where we obtain an achievable cost that has a generic advantage over previous evaluations, as well as a fundamental lower bound applicable to a broad class of noisy implementable operations. We improve our bounds for several noise models, where we give the exact optimal costs for the depolarizing and dephasing noise, precisely characterizing the overhead cost while offering an operational meaning to the resource measure in terms of error mitigation. Our result particularly implies that the heuristic approach presented by Temme et al. [K. Temme, S. Bravyi, and J. M. Gambetta, Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 180509 (2017)] is optimal even in our extended framework, putting fundamental limitations on the advantage provided by the extra degrees of freedom inherent in near-term devices for this noise model.
description: 5+6 pages, 1 figure; published version
Harvest Scheduling as a Timber Appraisal Tool
Creators: name: Singleton, Christopher N.
name: Straka, Thomas J.
name: Singleton, Christopher N.
name: Straka, Thomas J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Production Economics

description: Appraisers often value a forest that contains many different timber stands that can vary due to factors such as age, stocking, species, and site index. Many assumptions are possible on how the various stands will be harvested and what subsequent cash flows might be generated. We describe harvest scheduling methodology that is widely used to obtain the net present value of such a forest under optimal conditions. We illustrate how a popular software package can be used by appraisers to obtain optimal discounted cash flows using harvest scheduling and resulting timber stand values. Christopher
Creation of a gamefish occurrence dataset from public-focused informational newsletters
Creators: name: Hedreen, Rebecca
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: coastal fisheries
Connecticut
data collections
estuarine fisheries
fish catch statistics
game fish
geographical coordinates
geographical distribution
Long Island Sound
sport fishing statistics
historical ecology

description: A Thesis Submitted to the School of Graduate and Professional Studies in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Biology Southern Connecticut State University New Haven, Connecticut December 2021 Abstract: In order to properly assess current ecological conditions, we need long-term ecological data. Historical ecology focuses on that long term, including the need to synthesize data from diverse sources. In the Long Island Sound, the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection has been collecting data for both scientific and recreational purposes for decades, but the format of the recreational data (narrative) is not suitable for scientific analysis. This project is to collate and annotate game fish occurrence data from the Fishing Report newsletters put out by DEEP every week during the fishing season and the DEEP Trophy Fish annual reports, over a 12-year period. Species, location, and measurement data (as available) have been compiled into a data set, with geolocation coordinates added for the identifiable locations. This thesis consists of the machine-readable dataset, the protocol for collating this data, and an assessment of the suitability of the data for different kinds of analysis. The dataset will be published openly for reuse, reanalysis, and collaborative additions.
Glass glass transition and new dynamical singularity points in an analytically solvable p-spin glass like model
Creators: name: Caiazzo, Antonio
name: Coniglio, Antonio
name: Nicodemi, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce and analytically study a generalized p-spin glass like model that captures some of the main features of attractive glasses, recently found by Mode Coupling investigations, such as a glass/glass transition line and dynamical singularity points characterized by a logarithmic time dependence of the relaxation. The model also displays features not predicted by the Mode Coupling scenario that could further describe the attractive glasses behavior, such as aging effects with new dynamical singularity points ruled by logarithmic laws or the presence of a glass spinodal line.
Additional file 1 of Genistein and exercise modulated lipid peroxidation and improved steatohepatitis in ovariectomized rats
Creators: name: Namthip Witayavanitkul
name: Werawatganon, Duangporn
name: Maneerat Chayanupatkul
name: Naruemon Klaikeaw
name: Sompol Sanguanrungsirikul
name: Prasong Siriviriyakul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Additional file 1: Supplement Figure 1. Chemical structure of genistein (C15H10O5).
Regional Economic Implications of Water Allocation and Reliability
Creators: name: Harris, Simon
name: Doak, Murray
name: Ford, Stuart
name: Bywater, Tony
name: Bright, John
name: Thorrold, Bruce S.
name: Harris, Simon
name: Doak, Murray
name: Ford, Stuart
name: Bywater, Tony
name: Bright, John
name: Thorrold, Bruce S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Irrigation
subject: reliability
subject: regional economic impacts

description: The understanding of how allocation decisions can maximise the economic returns to the community from water for irrigation has received little attention, but is a significant issue for regional councils, those interested in water allocation policy development, and for irrigated farmers. There is a tradeoff between the amount of irrigated area and the reliability with which it can be undertaken. Overseas studies have generated a curve with optimum levels of allocation which maximise the economic return to the community from the resource. The study on which this paper is based used a single case study to model the individual and regional economic outcomes for four scenarios of water allocation, using daily time step simulation models of the hydrological, irrigation, farm and financial systems over the 1973 – 2000 period. The results show that there is an increasing return to the region as the allocation from the resource increases, at the expense of lower returns to existing users.
The Relationship Between Wildfire and Welfare
Creators: name: Kaval, Pamela
name: Loomis, John B.
name: Kaval, Pamela
name: Loomis, John B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: well-being evaluation method
subject: Colorado
subject: happiness
subject: wildland urban interface
subject: wildfire intensity

description: We used the well-being evaluation method, a technique for measuring individual utility, to study how people in the wildland urban interface of Colorado (USA) felt about their lives before and after two wildfire scenarios. Variables such as age, family size, fire frequency, and house value were found to affect initial well-being levels. However, after a significant life event, such as a wildfire, many variables that initially affected well-being were no longer significant. We found that after wildfire, the frequency of wildfire occurrence became the most important influence on well-being.
Carrier’s liability concerning the loss, damage and delay within the scope of the convention on the contract for the international carriage of goods by road (CMR)
Creators: name: Sipahioglu, Hüseyin
Year: 2021

description: Disputes regarding international transportation have been included in the scope of uniform rules with different international conventions. In this respect, CMR (Convention Relative au Contrat de Transport International de Marchandises Par Route) determine the general scope of road transport and the countries where the CMR is applicable, form a single legal zone, linked by a single legal system. It should be considered that the liability of the carrier arising from loss, damage and delay form the basis of the CMR. In this study, the liability of the carrier arising from loss, damage and delay are analysed pro rata within the provisions of CMR Convention. In the first chapter of the study, the scope of CMR is generally stated, in the second chapter, the liability of the carrier arising from loss, damage and delay, which constitutes main section of the study, is analysed along with the CMR provisions. Finally, in the last chapter, as a scope of liability, compensation and CMR insurance topics are discussed.
description: Streitigkeiten über den internationalen Transport wurden in den Geltungsbereich einheitlicher Regeln mit unterschiedlichen internationalen Übereinkommen aufgenommen. In dieser Hinsicht bestimmt die CMR (Convention Relative au Contrat de Transport International de Marchandises Par Route) den allgemeinen Geltungsbereich des Straßenverkehrs, und die Länder, in denen die CMR anwendbar ist, bilden eine einzige Rechtszone, die durch ein einziges Rechtssystem verbunden ist. Es ist zu beachten, dass die Haftung des Beförderers aus Verlust, Beschädigung und Verspätung die Grundlage der CMR bildet. In dieser Studie wird die Haftung des Beförderers aufgrund von Verlust, Beschädigung und Verspätung anteilig im Rahmen der Bestimmungen des CMR-Übereinkommens analysiert. Im ersten Kapitel der Studie wird allgemein der Umfang der CMR angegeben, im zweiten Kapitel wird die Haftung des Beförderers aufgrund von Verlust, Beschädigung und Verspätung, die den Hauptteil der Studie darstellt, zusammen mit den CMR-Bestimmungen analysiert. Abschließend werden im letzten Kapitel als Haftungsumfang Themen wie Entschädigung und CMR-Versicherung erörtert.
Dispersionless integrable systems and the Bogomolny equations on an Einstein-Weyl geometry background
Creators: name: Bogdanov, L. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37K10, 37K15, 37K25, 35Q75

description: We derive a dispersionless integrable system describing a local form of a general three-dimensional Einstein-Weyl geometry with an Euclidean (positive) signature, construct its matrix extension and demonstrate that it leads to the Bogomolny equations for a non-abelian monopole on an Einstein-Weyl geometry background. The corresponding dispersionless integrable hierarchy, its matrix extension and the dressing scheme are also considered.
description: 15 pages, to be published in Teor. i Mat. Fiz. (a Russian version)
Long range polarization attraction between two different likely charged macroions
Creators: name: Zhang, Rui
name: Shklovskii, B. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is known that in a water solution with multivalent counterions (Z-ions), two likely charged macroions can attract each other due to correlations of Z-ions adsorbed on their surfaces. This "correlation" attraction is short-ranged and decays exponentially with increasing distance between macroions at characteristic distance A/2π, where A is the average distance between Z-ions on the surfaces of macroions. In this work, we show that an additional long range "polarization" attraction exists when the bare surface charge densities of the two macroions have the same sign, but are different in absolute values. The key idea is that with adsorbed Z-ions, two insulating macroions can be considered as conductors with fixed but different electric potentials. Each potential is determined by the difference between the entropic bulk chemical potential of a Z-ion and its correlation chemical potential at the surface of the macroion determined by its bare surface charge density. When the two macroions are close enough, they get polarized in such a way that their adjacent spots form a charged capacitor, which leads to attraction. In a salt free solution this polarization attractive force is long ranged: it decays as a power of the distance between the surfaces of two macroions, d. The polarization force decays slower than the van der Waals attraction and therefore is much larger than it in a large range of distances. In the presence of large amount of monovalent salt, when A/2π<< d<< r_s (r_s is the Debye-Hückel screening radius), this force is still much stronger than the van der Waals attraction and the correlation attraction mentioned above.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures. Small change in the text, no change in results