cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Domain Generalization for Endoscopic Image Segmentation by Disentangling Style-Content Information and SuperPixel Consistency
Creators: name: Teevno, Mansoor Ali
name: Martinez-Garcia-Pena, Rafael
name: Ochoa-Ruiz, Gilberto
name: Ali, Sharib
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Frequent monitoring is necessary to stratify individuals based on their likelihood of developing gastrointestinal (GI) cancer precursors. In clinical practice, white-light imaging (WLI) and complementary modalities such as narrow-band imaging (NBI) and fluorescence imaging are used to assess risk areas. However, conventional deep learning (DL) models show degraded performance due to the domain gap when a model is trained on one modality and tested on a different one. In our earlier approach, we used a superpixel-based method referred to as "SUPRA" to effectively learn domain-invariant information using color and space distances to generate groups of pixels. One of the main limitations of this earlier work is that the aggregation does not exploit structural information, making it suboptimal for segmentation tasks, especially for polyps and heterogeneous color distributions. Therefore, in this work, we propose an approach for style-content disentanglement using instance normalization and instance selective whitening (ISW) for improved domain generalization when combined with SUPRA. We evaluate our approach on two datasets: EndoUDA Barrett's Esophagus and EndoUDA polyps, and compare its performance with three state-of-the-art (SOTA) methods. Our findings demonstrate a notable enhancement in performance compared to both baseline and SOTA methods across the target domain data. Specifically, our approach exhibited improvements of 14%, 10%, 8%, and 18% over the baseline and three SOTA methods on the polyp dataset. Additionally, it surpassed the second-best method (EndoUDA) on the Barrett's Esophagus dataset by nearly 2%.
Paguma larvata
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Carnivora
Viverridae
Paguma
Paguma larvata

description: Paguma larvata (H. Smith, 1827). In Griffith, Cuvier's Anim. Kingd., 2:281. TYPE LOCALITY: China, Canton. DISTRIBUTION: India and Nepal, China north to Hopei and Shansi; vic. Peking; Hainan Isl. (China); Taiwan; Thailand; Malaya; Vietnam; Sumatra; N. Borneo; Viper Isl. (S. Andaman Isis.). COMMENT: Hamilton-Smith type locality unknown. Gray first assigned the name to two specimens collected by J. R. Reeve from Canton, China; see Pocock, 1934, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1934:666(WCW). Probably includes lanígera (SW); see Ellerman and Morrison-Scott, 1951:290. ISIS NUMBER: 5301412005011001001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Carnivora, pp. 244-289 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 269, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352980
description: {"references": ["Ellerman, J. R., and T. C. S. Morrison-Scott. 1951. Checklist of Palaearctic and Indian mammals 1758 to 1946. Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), London, 810 pp."]}
Notes and News
Creators: name: Todd, Henry Alfred
name: Weeks, Raymond
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1910
Subjects: subject: Literature--Research
subject: Business announcements
subject: Scholars
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: Europeans
subject: Romance literature

description: News and notes about important people in the world of Romance Literature. This section tells readers about recent award recipients, changes on college campuses, and people getting new jobs, among other things.
Obituary
Creators: name: Todd, Henry Alfred
name: Weeks, Raymond
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1910
Subjects: subject: Obituaries
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: Europeans
subject: Romance literature

description: By the death at Baltimore on the ninth of November, 1910, of A. Marshall Elliott, professor of the Romance languages in the Johns Hopkins University, there has been stricken from the roll of active service the most conspicuous name in the contemporary annals of Modern Language instruction in America. Associated by family ties with the circle of Friends in the city of Baltimore, Mr. Elliott, from the earliest announcement of the Johns Hopkins endowment, was prominently mentioned in connection with a professorship in the new institution,—tho it is known that his own predilection was at that time toward the prosecution' of Oriental rather than Romance investigation. At the opening of the University in 1876, Elliott was only thirty-two years of age, but his reputation was already re-enforced by academic degrees from Haverford and Harvard Colleges and by prolonged travel and study in Europe and the Orient.
Paradoxurus F. Cuvier 1821
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Carnivora
Viverridae
Paradoxurus

description: Paradoxurus F. Cuvier, 1821. In F. Cuvier and E. Geoffroy, Hist. Nat. Mamm., 24:5. COMMENT: Subfamily Paradoxurinae; see Gill, 1872, 1 1 (1):4. ISIS NUMBER: 5301412005012000000.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Carnivora, pp. 244-289 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 269, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352980
description: {"references": ["Gill, T. 1872. Arrangement of the families of mammals with analytical tables. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 11: 1 - 98."]}
title: Ruminal Protection and Intestinal Availability of Rumen-Protected Methionine and Lysine in Lactating Dairy Cows
Creators: name: Menchu, Sara
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2019

description: Rumen protected Methionine (MET) and Lysine (LYS) are critical for milk protein synthesis in dairy cows. N-acetyl-L-methionine (NALM) is a MET derivative that consists of L-Met protected with an acetyl group that is attached to the α-amino group.N-acetyl-L-lysine (NALL) is a LYS derivative that is similarly protected. The objectives of these studies were to quantify the gastrointestinal availability of NALM and NALL. Three experiments were run as 3 × 3 Latin square using 3 second lactation Holstein cows that have been fitted with cannulas in the rumen and duodenum. The cows were fed diets containing the supplements for two weeks prior to each experiment so that the rumen microbes had time to adjust to the supplement. Each period consisted of 10 d of adaptation followed by 2 d of sampling. A dose of 0, 30, or 60 g of NALM was placed under the rumen mat at the time of feeding every day during experiment 1. The cows were similarly supplied with 0, 60, or 120 g of ƐNALL during experiment 2. The cows were supplemented with 0 g, 120 g ofƐNALL, or 120 g of diNALL during experiment 3. On day one of sampling, a liquid marker (Co-EDTA) was also administered at the time of the protected AA administration. Blood, ruminal, and duodenal samples were taken at hours 0, 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 24 post-feeding. There were no differences for milk production, milk protein, milk fat, or DMI for NALM or either NALL. There were no differences for ruminal escape (69.1% and 46.2% respectively) and duodenal appearance (2.16% and 3.40% respectively). The ruminal escape of ƐNALL was not different between the 120 g dose (32.7%) and the 60 g dose (27.2%). Duodenal appearance was higher (P < 0.01) for the 60 g dose (2.86%) than for the 120 g dose (1.19%) of ƐNALL. Acetate, propionate, butyrate, and valerate were higher (P < 0.01) for the supplemented cows during experiment 1 with NALL. There were no differences between ƐNALL and diNALL for rumen escape, duodenal appearance, VFA production, or blood LYS AUC. Results of the experiment verify significant protection of the N-acetyl MET and LYS from rumen degradation.
Semileptonic decays $B_c^+\to D^{(*)}_{(s)}(l^+ν,l^+l^-,ν\barν)$ in the perturbative QCD approach
Creators: name: Wang, Wen-Fei
name: Yu, Xin
name: Lü, Cai-Dian
name: Xiao, Zhen-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study the semileptonic decays of $B_c^+\to D^{(*)}_{(s)}(l^+ν_l,l^+l^-,ν\barν)$ (here $l$ stands for $e$, $μ$, or $τ$). After evaluating the $B_c^+ \to (D_{(s)},D^*_{(s)})$ transition form factors $F_{0,+,T}(q^2)$ and $V(q^2), A_{0,1,2}(q^2), T_{1,2,3}(q^2)$ by employing the perturbative QCD factorization approach, we calculate the branching ratios for all these semileptonic decays. Our predictions for the values of the $B_c^+ \to D_{(s)}$ and $B_c^+ \to D^*_{(s)}$ transition form factors are consistent with those obtained by using other methods. The branching ratios of the decay modes with $\barνν$ are almost an order of magnitude larger than the corresponding decays with $l^+l^-$ after the summation over the three neutrino generations. The branching ratios for the decays with $b\to d$ transitions are much smaller than those decays with the $b\to s$ transitions, due to the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa suppression. We define ratios $R_D$ and $R_{D^*}$ for the branching ratios with the $τ$ lepton versus $μ$, $e$ lepton final states to cancel the uncertainties of the form factors, which could possibly be tested in the near future.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure
A New Approach to Spatial Covariance Modeling of Functional Brain Imaging Data: Ordinal Trend Analysis
Creators: name: Habeck, Christian G.
name: Krakauer, John W.
name: Ghez De Castelnvovo, Claude
name: Sackeim, Harold A.
name: Eidelberg, David
name: Stern, Yaakov
name: Moeller, James R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Cognition
subject: Cognitive science
subject: Cognition--Measurement
subject: Diagnostic imaging
subject: Brain--Imaging
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In neuroimaging studies of human cognitive abilities, brain activation patterns that include regions that are strongly interactive in response to experimental task demands are of particular interest. Among the existing network analyses, partial least squares (PLS; McIntosh, 1999; McIntosh, Bookstein, Haxby, & Grady, 1996) has been highly successful, particularly in identifying group differences in regional functional connectivity, including differences as diverse as those associated with states of awareness and normal aging. However, we address the need for a within-group model that identifies patterns of regional functional connectivity that exhibit sustained activity across graduated changes in task parameters. For example, predictions of sustained connectivity are commonplace in studies of cognition that involve a series of tasks over which task difficulty increases (Baddeley, 2003). We designed ordinal trend analysis (OrT) to identify activation patterns that increase monotonically in their expression as the experimental task parameter increases, while the correlative relationships between brain regions remain constant. Of specific interest are patterns that express positive ordinal trends on a subject-by-subject basis. A unique feature of OrT is that it recovers information about functional connectivity based solely on experimental design variables. In particular, there is no requirement by OrT to provide either a quantitative model of the uncertain relationship between functional brain circuitry and subject variables (e.g., task performance and IQ) or partial information about the regions that are functionally connected. In this letter, we provide a step-by-step recipe of the computations performed in the new OrT analysis, including a description of the inferential statistical methods applied. Second, we describe applications of OrT to an event-related fMRI study of verbal working memory and H2 15 O-PET study of visuomotor learning. In sum, OrT has potential applications to not only studies of young adults and their cognitive abilities, but also studies of normal aging and neurological and psychiatric disease.
Paradoxurus hermaphroditus
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Carnivora
Viverridae
Paradoxurus
Paradoxurus hermaphroditus

description: Paradoxurus hermaphroditus (Pallas, 1777). In Schreber, Die Saugethiere, 3:426. TYPE LOCALITY: India. DISTRIBUTION: Sri Lanka and India to S. China, Hainan Isl., and Malaysia; Philippine Isis.; W. Indonesia (incl. Lesser Sunda Isis.). COMMENT: Scattered records in Sulawesi, Moluccas, and Aru Isis, probably result from introduction (WCW). ISIS NUMBER: 5301412005012001001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Carnivora, pp. 244-289 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 269, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352980
Direct Evaluation of the Helium Abundances in Omega Centauri
Creators: name: Dupree, A. K.
name: Avrett, E. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A direct measure of the helium abundances from the near-infrared transition of He I at 1.08 micron is obtained for two nearly identical red giant stars in the globular cluster Omega Centauri. One star exhibits the He I line; the line is weak or absent in the other star. Detailed non-LTE semi-empirical models including expansion in spherical geometry are developed to match the chromospheric H-alpha, H-beta, and Ca II K lines, in order to predict the helium profile and derive a helium abundance. The red giant spectra suggest a helium abundance of Y less than or equal 0.22 (LEID 54064) and Y=0.39-0.44 (LEID 54084) corresponding to a difference in the abundance Delta Y greater or equal than 0.17.Helium is enhanced in the giant star (LEID 54084) that also contains enhanced aluminum and magnesium. This direct evaluation of the helium abundances gives observational support to the theoretical conjecture that multiple populations harbor enhanced helium in addition to light elements that are products of high-temperature hydrogen burning. We demonstrate that the 1.08 micron He I line can yield a helium abundance in cool stars when constraints on the semi-empirical chromospheric model are provided by other spectroscopic features.
description: ApJ Letters, in press
Electromagnetic properties of spin-3/2 Majorana particles
Creators: name: Nieves, Jose F
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structure of the electromagnetic vertex function of spin-3/2 particles is analyzed in a general way, for the diagonal and off-diagonal couplings, of charged as well as neutral particles including the case of self-conjugate (Majorana) particles. The restrictions imposed by common principles such as electromagnetic gauge invariance and hermiticity are studied, and the implications due to the discrete space-time symmetries or the Majorana condition are deduced when they are applicable. In some cases certain features of the vertex function are analogous to the known ones for the spin-1/2 or spin-1 particles, but we find and discuss other particular properties which are related to the spin-3/2 Rarita-Schwinger representation. For example, in the diagonal Majorana case, the vertex function can contain a term of the form $γ_μγ_5$, which resembles the axial charge radius term for Majorana neutrinos, plus another one that resembles the vertex function for self-conjugate spin-1 particles, but with the particularity that the two terms may not appear independently of each other, but instead with a specific relative coefficient. In essence this is due to the requirement that the vertex function does not mix the genuine spin-3/2 degrees of freedom with the spurious spin-1/2 components of the Rarita-Schwinger representation. The analogous results for the other cases (off-diagonal and charged couplings) are discussed as well.
description: 19 pages
Bufo juxtasper Inger 1964
Creators: name: Miracle, Eulàlia Gassó
name: Van, Lars W.
name: Ostende, Den Hoek
name: Arntzen, Jan Willem
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Amphibia
Anura
Bufonidae
Bufo
Bufo juxtasper

description: Bufo juxtasper Inger, 1964
Inger, 1964. Fieldiana, Zool., 44: 154.
 Current name: Phrynoidis juxtaspera (Inger, 1964)
 Paratypes: RMNH 14515, 1 spec. Loc.: “upper Sibau River, Kalimantan” [Indonesia]. Leg.: J. Büttikofer. RMNH 14517, 1 spec. Loc.: “upper Mahakam River, Kalimantan” [Indonesia]. Leg.: A.W. Nieuwenhuis. Remarks. The RMNH paratypes were numbered after Inger’s publication. The holotype (FMNH 77472) and paratypes are in the Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago.
description: Published as part of Miracle, Eulàlia Gassó, Van, Lars W., Ostende, Den Hoek & Arntzen, Jan Willem, 2007, Type specimens of amphibians in the National Museum of Natural History, Leiden, The Netherlands, pp. 25-68 in Zootaxa 1482 on page 33, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.176896
Obituary
Creators: name: Todd, Henry Alfred
name: Weeks, Raymond
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1910
Subjects: subject: Obituaries
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: Europeans
subject: Romance literature

description: At the moment of going to press, news is received of the sudden death, from an attack of cerebral hemorrhages, of John E. Matzke, since 1893 Professor of Romanic Languages at Stanford University, and widely known both in this country and abroad, for his important contributions to Romance scholarship.
title: By Proxy: A Radiocarbon Perspective on Prehistoric Mobility Using Summed Probability Distributions and Paleoenvironmental Reconstructions in Wyoming and Montana
Creators: name: Mendez, Anastasia M. Lugo
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2019

description: Stone circles are among the most common and understudied archaeological features in the Rocky Mountains and High Plains. Their widespread availability coupled with increased archaeological research accompanying oil and natural gas exploration in the region has expanded the availability and size of the region’s radiocarbon database. The dates as data approach uses radiocarbon ages as variables from a larger sample. This thesis compiles radiocarbon ages associated with tipi ring sites in Wyoming and Montana and creates a summed probability distribution from these ages to serve as a proxy for prehistoric mobility. The distribution is corrected for taphonomic bias, or data loss, and compared to two paleoenvironmental proxies from northwestern Wyoming lakes to determine whether prehistoric mobility meets the expectations of the patch choice model. Running correlation windows provide statistical comparisons between datasets. Although a weak statistical relationship is apparent between mobility and the paleoenvironmental reconstructions over the 5000-year study period, no statistically significant correlations were identified at 150-or 200-year scales. Moderate strength correlations between the environmental data and mobility proxy when mobility is lagged suggest a delayed relationship between the datasets. Future research must include expanding the radiocarbon database and obtaining finer-scale paleoenvironmental reconstructions.
Notes and News
Creators: name: Todd, Henry Alfred
name: Weeks, Raymond
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1910
Subjects: subject: Scholars
subject: Literature--Research
subject: Business announcements
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: Europeans
subject: Romance literature

description: News and notes about authors in the world of Romance Literature. This section tells readers about recent award recipients, changes on college campuses, and people getting new jobs, among other things.
Hanssen, F., La Seguidilla (Book Review)
Creators: name: Lang, H. R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1910
Subjects: subject: Folk songs, Spanish
subject: Lyric poetry--Study and teaching
subject: Spanish poetry
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: Europeans
subject: Romance literature

description: This publication embodies a most welcome contribution to the study of the poetic types of the Spanish Peninsula, which are still far from receiving the attention which they demand. This is especially true of the popular lyric of Spain which, as the artistic expression of an unlettered community, is of very great value for the historical and comparative treatment of poetry. Dr. Hanssen has divided his discussion of the Seguidilla into forty-five paragraphs dealing, in a sequence which is perhaps not as well adapted as one might wish to a clear exposition of the essential questions involved, with a brief bibliography of the subject, the origin of the name seguidilla, the various metrical forms affected by this type at the present as well as in former times, its geographical distribution, the popular and literary sources in which it is found (here we miss, among other references, one to the two specimens offered in the Picara Justina, i p. 1.  2, c. 4; iii p. 1.  2, c. 5, to which attention is called in Revue Hispanique, 1906, p. 93), the origin of the rhythms of popular poetry, the primitive rhythm of the folk-song of Castile, the classification of seguidillas according to the shifting of the final accent in the verses employed in them, and general observations regarding the rhythm and the origin of the Seguidillas.
Paradoxurus jerdoni Blanford 1885
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Carnivora
Viverridae
Paradoxurus
Paradoxurus jerdoni

description: Paradoxurus jerdoni Blanford, 1885. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1885:613. TYPE LOCALITY: India, Madras, Palni Hills, Kodaikanal. DISTRIBUTION: S. India. ISIS NUMBER: 5301412005012002001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Carnivora, pp. 244-289 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 269, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352980
Paradoxurus zeylonensis
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Carnivora
Viverridae
Paradoxurus
Paradoxurus zeylonensis

description: Paradoxurus zeylonensis (Pallas, 1778). In Schreber, Die Saugethiere, 3:451. TYPE LOCALITY: Sri Lanka (" Ceylon "). DISTRIBUTION: Sri Lanka. ISIS NUMBER: 5301412005012003001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Carnivora, pp. 244-289 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 270, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352980
Evaluating the impact of Tasmania’s reserve system on forest cover
Creators: name: Byrne, Jason
name: Stoudmann, Natasha
name: Adams, Vanessa
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Environmental Sciences

description: This registration contains the protocol for matching analysis going to be conducted to assess the impact of Tasmania's reserve system on forest cover. The protocol can be found as pdf in the supplemental files.
Poiana Gray 1865
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Carnivora
Viverridae
Poiana

description: Poiana Gray, 1865. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1864:520. COMMENT: Subfamily Viverrinae; see Gill, 1872, 11 (1):4. May be congeneric with Prionodon (PG, WCW). ISIS NUMBER: 5301412005003000000.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Carnivora, pp. 244-289 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 270, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352980
description: {"references": ["Gill, T. 1872. Arrangement of the families of mammals with analytical tables. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 11: 1 - 98."]}
The Effect of Diffusion on the Particle Spectra in Pulsar Wind Nebulae
Creators: name: Vorster, M. J.
name: Moraal, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A possible way to calculate particle spectra as a function of position in pulsar wind nebulae is to solve a Fokker-Planck transport equation. This paper presents numerical solutions to the transport equation with the processes of convection, diffusion, adiabatic losses, and synchrotron radiation included. In the first part of the paper the steady-state version of the transport equation is solved as a function of position and energy. This is done to distinguish the various effects of the aforementioned processes on the solutions to the transport equation. The second part of the paper deals with a time-dependent solution to the transport equation, specifically taking into account the effect of a moving outer boundary. The paper highlights the fact that diffusion can play a significant role in reducing the amount of synchrotron losses, leading to a modification in the expected particle spectra. These modified spectra can explain the change in the photon index of the synchrotron emission as a function of position. The solutions presented in this paper are not limited to pulsar wind nebulae, but can be applied to any similar central source system, e.g. globular clusters.
Dispersion cancellation in high resolution two-photon interference
Creators: name: Okano, Masayuki
name: Okamoto, Ryo
name: Tanaka, Akira
name: Ishida, Shutaro
name: Nishizawa, Norihiko
name: Takeuchi, Shigeki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dispersion cancellation observed in Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference between frequency-entangled photon pairs has been the basis of quantum optical coherence tomography and quantum clock synchronization. Here we explore the effect of phase dispersion on ultranarrow HOM dips. We show that the higher-order dispersion, the line width of the pump laser, and the spectral shape of the parametric fluorescence have a strong effect on the dispersion cancellation in the high-resolution regime with several experimental verifications. Perfect dispersion cancellation with a linewidth of 3μm is also demonstrated through 25 mm of water.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Commentaire Anonyme sur Prudence d'après le manuscrit 413 de Valenciennes par John M. Burnam
Creators: name: Rand, E. K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1910
Subjects: subject: Carolingians--Language
subject: French literature
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: Europeans
subject: Romance literature

description: The period following the Carolingian Renaissance abounded in commentaries. To compare small things with great, it suggests the Alexandrine age, which succeeded the creative period in Greek literature. Not many of the commentaries of the ninth century have been published, and the reason is not far to seek. They contain little information of value concerning the classical authors whose work they were written to explain; an attempt like that of F. Schlee in his Scholia Terentiana (1803) to sift out the ancient and profitable material, can furnish only ludicrous results. But viewing these commentaries as illustrations of the culture of their times, they acquire interest at once; in fact the history of the period cannot be written until many more of them are published. They can show how information about antiquity gradually increased in the ninth century, how it was accompanied, nevertheless, by gross ignorance and the readiness to invent when facts were lacking, and how the humanistic and belletristic tendencies of the times of Charlemagne yielded finally to the passion for philosophy of which we find the first great partisan in John the Scot.
Robustness of the public transport network against attacks on its routes
Creators: name: Cicchini, Tomás
name: Caridi, Inés
name: Ermannn, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate the robustness of Public Transport Networks (PTNs) when subjected to route attacks, focusing specifically on public bus lines. Such attacks, mirroring real-world scenarios, offer insight into the multifaceted dynamics of cities. Our study delves into the consequences of systematically removing entire routes based on strategies that use centrality measures. We evaluate the network's robustness by analyzing the sizes of fragmented networks, focusing on the largest components and derived metrics. To assess the efficacy of various attack strategies, we employ them on both a synthetic PTN model and a real-world example, specifically the Buenos Aires Metropolitan Area in Argentina. We examine these strategies and contrast them with random, and one-step most and least harmful procedures. Our findings indicate that \textit{betweenness}-based attacks and the one-step most (\textit{maximal}) harmful procedure emerge as the most effective attack strategies. Remarkably, the \textit{betweenness} strategy partitions the network into components of similar sizes, whereas alternative approaches yield one dominant and several minor components.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Regional Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolic Rate in Persistent Lyme Encephalopathy
Creators: name: Fallon, Brian A.
name: Lipkin, Richard B.
name: Corbera, Kathy M.
name: Yu, Shan
name: Nobler, Mitchell S.
name: Keilp, John G.
name: Petkova, Eva
name: Lisanby, Sarah H.
name: Moeller, James R.
name: Slavov, Iordan
name: Van Heertum, Ronald L.
name: Mensh, Brett D.
name: Sackeim, Harold A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Cerebral circulation
Case-control method
Lyme disease--Treatment
Medical sciences
Medicine
Pathology

description: Context:  There is controversy regarding whether objective neurobiological abnormalities exist after intensive antibiotic treatment for Lyme disease.

Objectives:  To determine whether patients with a history of well-characterized Lyme disease and persistent cognitive deficit show abnormalities in global or topographic distributions of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) or cerebral metabolic rate (rCMR).

Design:  Case-controlled study.

Setting:  A university medical center.

Participants:  A total of 35 patients and 17 healthy volunteers (controls). Patients had well-documented prior Lyme disease, a currently reactive IgG Western blot, prior treatment with at least 3 weeks of intravenous cephalosporin, and objective memory impairment.

Main Outcome Measures:  Patients with persistent Lyme encephalopathy were compared with age-, sex-, and education-matched controls. Fully quantified assessments of rCBF and rCMR for glucose were obtained while subjects were medication-free using positron emission tomography. The CBF was assessed in 2 resting room air conditions (without snorkel and with snorkel) and 1 challenge condition (room air enhanced with carbon dioxide, ie, hypercapnia).

Results:  Statistical parametric mapping analyses revealed regional abnormalities in all rCBF and rCMR measurements that were consistent in location across imaging methods and primarily reflected hypoactivity. Deficits were noted in bilateral gray and white matter regions, primarily in the temporal, parietal, and limbic areas. Although diminished global hypercapnic CBF reactivity (P < .02) was suggestive of a component of vascular compromise, the close coupling between CBF and CMR suggests that the regional abnormalities are primarily metabolically driven. Patients did not differ from controls on global resting CBF and CMR measurements.

Conclusions:  Patients with persistent Lyme encephalopathy have objectively quantifiable topographic abnormalities in functional brain activity. These CBF and CMR reductions were observed in all measurement conditions. Future research should address whether this pattern is also seen in acute neurologic Lyme disease.
Luquiens, F. B., The Reconstruction of the Original Chanson de Roland (Book Review)
Creators: name: Will, J. A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1910
Subjects: subject: French poetry
subject: Manuscripts, French
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: Europeans
subject: Romance literature

description: This paper is announced as the introduction to a series the purpose of which is the reconstruction of the original Roland. The author hopes by methods of literary criticism to be able to fashion a text which will be open to fewer objections than those we already possess. "Although the Chanson de Roland has been studied for three-quarters of a century, many of its problems, including several of the most important ones, are as yet unsolved. In the opinion of the present writer, however, a great number of these problems are solvable if the following thesis be proved—that the original Chanson de Roland was a poem of marked and consistent technical excellence." To prove the "marked and consistent technical excellence" of the original poem, Mr. Luquiens deems it sufficient to establish the merits of a more or less distant relative.
Wilhelm von Humboldt et l’anthropologie comparée
Creators: name: Giacomoni, Paola
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Science--Philosophy
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Anthropological linguistics

description: In Humboldt’s essays on anthropology the science of anatomy plays the role of a model. The direct connection is the comparatistic method, according to which cultures are compared to each other in the same way in which human and animal body can be compared. In an age in which many different scientific fields in Europe are inclined to work in a comparatistic way, Wilhelm von Humboldt benefits of several scientific influences and builds his own theory of anthropological difference, which can be considered as the foundation of the methodology of the great linguistic essays written in his last years.

Dans les écrits anthropologiques de Wilhelm von Humboldt l’anatomie joue le rôle d’un modèle pour l’anthropologie. Le lien entre les deux est assuré par la méthode comparatiste. La différence entre corps humain et corps animal peut être envisagée comme un modèle pour la différence entre des données anthropologiques. Vers le tournant des XVIIIe et XIXe siècles, à une époque où le monde scientifique européen tendait à travailler de manière comparatiste, Wilhelm von Humboldt intégra les nombreuses influences issues de différents domaines scientifiques en une théorie propre de la différence anthropologique, qui peut être considérée comme le fondement de la méthode développée dans les grands textes linguistiques de ses dernières années.
Generative AI and Language Learning: Insights from Vygotsky’s Perspective
Creators: name: Cong-Lem, Ngo
name: Daneshfar, Samran
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 520102
subject: Educational psychology
classificationCode: 470306
subject: English as a second language
classificationCode: 470307
subject: English language
classificationCode: 470401
subject: Applied linguistics and educational linguistics
classificationCode: 390405
subject: Educational technology and computing

description: In this book chapter, we carefully examine how generative artificial intelligence, such as ChatGPT, can facilitate second/foreign language acquisition from a Vygotskyan cultural-historical perspective. Core theoretical concepts from Vygotsky's works include perezhivanie, speech development, and the zone of proximal development (ZPD). Three foundational principles for understanding second language acquisition within this framework encompass: (1) considering the environment as a wellspring of the ideal forms of the target language, (2) emphasizing internalization through active and meaningful social interactions, and (3) acknowledging optimal second language acquisition when effectively scaffolded in the zone of proximal development of the individual. Furthermore, we underscore the significance of ChatGPT's capabilities, including providing input in the target language, simulating genuine conversations, responding to queries on various subjects, and furnishing feedback—essential functions for cultivating the process of learning a second or foreign language.
Mountain Landscape and the Aesthetic of the Sublime in Romantic Narration
Creators: name: Giacomoni, Paola
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Sublime, The, in literature
Romance literature
Landscapes in literature
Mountains

description: Sublime concepts about mountain landscape in the Romantic literature: Rousseau, Goethe, Tieck, Mary Shelley, Foscolo.
Roland 2165: tendent de l'espleitier
Creators: name: Todd, H. A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1910
Subjects: subject: French literature
subject: French language
subject: Romance literature
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: Europeans
subject: Philology

description: The reading of verse 2165 of the Oxford text of the Chanson de Roland appears never to have given occasion to the slightest question or discussion; yet I believe that under the sainte-nitouche simplicity of its external aspect there lurks the compelling necessity of an emendation.
title: Revamping Timing Error Resilience to Tackle Choke Points at NTC
Creators: name: Bal, Aatreyi
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2019

description: The growing market of portable devices and smart wearables has contributed to innovation and development of systems with longer battery-life. While Near Threshold Computing (NTC) systems address the need for longer battery-life, they have certain limitations. NTC systems are prone to be significantly affected by variations in the fabrication process, commonly called process variation (PV). This dissertation explores an intriguing effect of PV, called choke points. Choke points are especially important due to their multifarious influence on the functional correctness of an NTC system. This work shows why novel research is required in this direction and proposes two techniques to resolve the problems created by choke points, while maintaining the reduced power needs.
A Bayesian genome screening of maximum number of drinks as an alcoholism phenotype with the new Haseman-Elston method
Creators: name: Oh, Cheongeun
name: Wang, Shuang
name: Liu, Nianjun
name: Chen, Liang
name: Zhao, Hongyu
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Bayesian statistical decision theory--Data processing
subject: Human gene mapping
subject: Linkage (Genetics)
subject: Alcoholism--Genetic aspects
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biometry
subject: Medical sciences

description: Common human disorders, such as alcoholism, may be the result of interactions of many genes as well as environmental risk factors. Therefore, it is important to incorporate gene × gene and gene × environment interactions in complex disease gene mapping. In this study, we applied a robust Bayesian genome screening method that can incorporate interaction effects to map genes underlying alcoholism through its application to the data of the Collaborative Studies on Genetics of Alcoholism provided by Genetic Analysis Workshop 14. Our Bayesian genome screening method uses the regression-based stochastic variable selection, coupled with the new Haseman-Elston method to identify markers linked to phenotypes of interest. Compared to traditional linkage methods based on single-gene disease models, our method allows for multilocus disease models for simultaneous screening including both main and interaction (epistatic) effects. It is conceptually simple and computationally efficient through the use of Gibbs sampler. We conducted genome-wide analysis and comparison between scans based on microsatellites and single-nucleotide polymorphisms. A total of 328 microsatellites and 11,560 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (by Affymetrix) on 22 autosomal chromosomes and sex chromosome were used.
Poiana richardsoni
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Carnivora
Viverridae
Poiana
Poiana richardsoni

description: Poiana richardsoni (Thomson, 1842). Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 10, 1:204. TYPE LOCALITY: Equatorial Guinea, Bioko (" Fernando Po "). DISTRIBUTION: Sierra Leone; Liberia; Ivory Coast; Bioko; Cameroun; Gabon; Congo Republic; Zaire. COMMENT: Includes liberiensis (replaces leightoni, a lapsus); see Coetzee, 1977, Part 8: 18. Rosevear, 1974:227, raised leightoni to the species level based on white versus offwhite ventral coloration and presence of more or less continuous dark spinal line despite his comment earlier in the same work, on the unreliability of such characters (p. 186- 188). He also supported the distinction with a recent record and a distributional gap with other known forms. Poiana records are few and scattered; recent studies of Poiana placed leightoni as a subspecies; see de Beaufort, 1965, Mammalia, 29:275-280; Michaelis, 1972, Saugetierk. Mitt., 20:1 -110; Kingdon, 1977:159. No skulls of leightoni are known (WCW). ISIS NUMBER: 5301412005003001001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Carnivora, pp. 244-289 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 270, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352980
description: {"references": ["Rosevear, D. R. 1974. The carnivores of West Africa. Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), London, 723: 1 - 548.", "Beaufort, F., de. 1965. Repartition et taxinomie de la Poiane (Viverridae). Mammalia, 29 (2): 275 - 280.", "Michaelis, B. 1972. Die Schleichkatzen (Viverriden) Afrikas. Saugetierkundliche Mitteilungen, 20 (1 - 2): 1 - 110.", "Kingdon, J. 1977. East African mammals: An atlas of evolution in Africa. (Carnivores). Academic Press, New York, 3 A: 1 - 476."]}
Comparison of single-nucleotide polymorphisms and microsatellites in inference of population structure
Creators: name: Liu, Nianjun
name: Chen, Liang
name: Wang, Shuang
name: Oh, Cheongeun
name: Zhao, Hongyu
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Microsatellites (Genetics)
subject: Human population genetics--Research
subject: Single nucleotide polymorphisms
subject: Biometry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Demography
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are a class of attractive genetic markers for population genetic studies and for identifying genetic variations underlying complex traits. However, the usefulness and efficiency of SNPs in comparison to microsatellites in different scientific contexts, e.g., population structure inference or association analysis, still must be systematically evaluated through large empirical studies. In this article, we use the Collaborative Studies on Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA) data from Genetic Analysis Workshop 14 (GAW14) to compare the performance of microsatellites and SNPs in the whole human genome in the context of population structure inference. A total of 328 microsatellites and 15,840 SNPs are used to infer population structure in 236 unrelated individuals. We find that, on average, the informativeness of random microsatellites is four to twelve times that of random SNPs for various population comparisons, which is consistent with previous studies. Our results also indicate that for the combined set of microsatellites and SNPs, SNPs constitute the majority among the most informative markers and the use of these SNPs leads to better inference of population structure than the use of microsatellites. We also find that the inclusion of less informative markers may add noise and worsen the results.
Royal Horticultural Society certificate of international registration
Creators: name: Royal Horticultural Society (Great Britain)
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Rhododendrons
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1097180
subject: Flowers
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/927866
subject: Abkhazi, Peggy, 1902-
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/163887

description: A certificate for the rhododendron called "Peggy Abkhazi" to be officially registered internationally by W.A. Dale from Sidney, B.C. with the Royal Horticultural Society.
title: The Total Western Diet and Vancomycin Treatment Increase Inflammation-Mediated Colorectal Cancer
Creators: name: Aardema, Niklas David Joakim
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2019

description: Prior work by our research group showed that the total Western diet (TWD), a rodent diet which models the typical American diet, promoted the development of colon tumors when fed to mice. Other researchers previously showed that vancomycin, an antibiotic that changes the gut microbiome composition, causes differential changes in the severity of colon inflammation and CRC. Our goal was to determine the combined effects of feeding the TWD and vancomycin treatment on colitis and CRC, and if these factors interact. We hypothesized that vancomycin treatment would mitigate colitis and CRC in mice fed the TWD. To this end, mice were fed either a healthy diet or the TWD. Mice were also given either vancomycin in their drinking water, or plain water. Colon inflammation and tumor development was induced in mice by treating them with a gut irritant and a chemical carcinogen. Contrary to our hypothesis, mice fed the TWD and treated with vancomycin experienced more severe intestinal inflammation and had greater tumor burden compared to mice fed a standard diet. Furthermore, vancomycin treatment decreased the number of bacteria l species present in the fecal microbiome and altered the relative abundance of the taxa that were present. Rather than the diet consumed, vancomycin was the driving force in determining the bacterial community composition. Overall, these results suggest that vancomycin-induced changes to the gut microbiome may be associated with increased development of colon tumors, particularly in the context of a Western dietary pattern.