cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantum Computing Simulation of a Mixed Spin-Boson Hamiltonian and Its Performance for a Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics Problem
Creators: name: Tudorovskaya, Maria
name: Ramo, David Muñoz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we aim to broaden the spectrum of possible applications of quantum computers and use their capabilities to investigate effects in cavity quantum electrodynamics ("cavity QED"). Interesting application examples are material properties, multiphoton effects such as superradiance, systems with strong field-matter coupling, and others. For QED applications, experimental studies are challenging, and classical simulations are often expensive. Therefore, exploring the capabilities of quantum computers is of interest. Below we present a methodology for simulating a phase transition in a pair of coupled cavities that permit photon hopping. We map the spin and boson systems to separate parts of the register and use first-order Trotterization to time-propagate the wavefunction. The order parameter, which is the observable for the phase transition, is calculated by measuring the number operator and its square. We introduce a boson-to-qubit mapping to facilitate a multi-photon, multi-atom case study. Our mapping scheme is based on the inverse Holstein-Primakoff transformation. In the multi-photon regime, boson operators are expressed via higher-spin operators which are subsequently mapped on a circuit using Pauli operators. We use a Newton series expansion to enable rigorous treatment of the square root operator. We reproduce the results of classical simulations of a phase transition with a noiseless 6-qubit simulation. We find that the simulation can be performed with a modest amount of quantum resources. Finally, we perform simulations on noisy emulators and find that mitigation techniques are essential to distinguish signal from noise.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures
Toward sustainable household laundry. Washing quality vs. environmental impacts
Creators: name: Tomšič, Brigita
name: Ofentavšek, Lara
name: Fink, Rok
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: We tested the efficacy of standard soil removal and bacterial reduction from textile. A life cycle analysis for different washing cycles was also performed. The results show that washing at 40 °C and 10 g/L was the most effective and resulted in good removal of standard soiling. However, bacteria reduction was highest at 60 °C, 5 g/L and 40 °C, 20 g/L (> 5 log CFU/carrier). With the 40 °C, 10 g/L scenario, we approached the standard requirements for household laundry of ~ 4 log CFU/carrier reduction and good soil removal. Howsoever, life cycle analysis shows that washing at 40 °C and 10 g/L has a higher environmental impact than 60 °C and 5 g/L due to the significant contribution of the detergent. Reducing energy consumption and reformulation of detergents needs to be implemented in the household laundry to achieve sustainable washing without compromising the quality.
How Much is the Efficiency of Solar Cells Enhanced by Quantum Coherence?
Creators: name: Oh, Sangchul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study how much the efficiency of a solar cell as a quantum heat engine could be enhanced by quantum coherence. In contrast to the conventional approach that a quantum heat engine is in thermal equilibrium with both hot and cold reservoirs, we propose a new description that the quantum heat engine is in the cold reservoir and the thermal radiation from the hot reservoir is described by the pumping term in the master equation. This pumping term solves the problem of the incorrect mean photon number of the hot reservoir assumed by the previous studies. By solving the master equation, we obtain the current-voltage and the power-voltage curves of the photocell for different pumping rates. We find that, as the photon flux increases, the power output of the photocell increases linearly at first and then becomes saturated, but the efficiency decreases rapidly. It is demonstrated that while the power output is enhanced significantly by the quantum coherence via the dark state of the coupled donors, the improvement of the efficiency is not significant.
description: 5 pages
Unbiased Reconstruction of the Large Scale Structure
Creators: name: Zaroubi, Saleem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new Unbiased Minimal Variance (UMV) estimator for the purpose of reconstructing the large--scale structure of the universe from noisy, sparse and incomplete data. Similar to the Wiener Filter (WF), the UMV estimator is derived by requiring the linear minimal variance solution given the data and an assumed prior model specifying the underlying field covariance matrix. However, unlike the WF, the minimization is carried out with the added constraint of an unbiased reconstructed mean field. The new estimator does not necessitate a noise model to estimate the underlying field; however, such a model is required for evaluating the errors at each point in space. The general application of the UMV estimator is to predict the values of the reconstructed field in un-sampled regions of space (e.g., interpolation in the unobserved Zone of Avoidance), and to dynamically transform from one measured field to another (e.g., inversion of radial peculiar velocities to over-densities). Here, we provide two very simple applications of the method. The first, is to recover a 1D signal from noisy, convolved data with gaps, e.g., CMB time-ordered data. The second application is a reconstruction of the density and 3D peculiar velocity fields from mock SEcat galaxy peculiar velocity catalogs.
description: Revised version with new section and figures. To appear in MNRAS
Gribov copies, avalanches and dynamic generation of a gluon mass
Creators: name: Tissier, Matthieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analytic calculations in the infrared regime of nonabelian gauge theories are hampered by the presence of Gribov copies which results in some ambiguity in the gauge-fixing procedure. This problem shares strong similarities with the issue of finding the true ground state among a large number of metastable states, a typical situation in the field of statistical physics of disordered systems. Building on this analogy, we propose a new gauge-fixing procedure which, we argue, makes more explicit the influence of the Gribov copies. A 1-loop calculation shows that the dynamics of these copies can lead to the spontaneous generation of a gauge-dependent gluon mass.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
Matter Density versus Distance for the Neutrino Beam from Fermilab to Lead, South Dakota, and Comparison of Oscillations with a Variable and a Constant Density
Creators: name: Roe, Byron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is divided into two parts. In the first part, the material densities passed through for neutrinos going from FNAL to Sanford Laboratory are calculated using two recent density tables, Crustal [G. Laske, G. Masters. Z. Ma, and M. Pasyanos, Update on CRUST1.0 -- A 1-degree global model of Earth's crust, Geophys. Res. Abstracts 15, EGU2013-2658 (2013)] and Shen-Ritzwoller [W. Shen and M. H. Ritzwoller. Crustal and uppermost mantle structure beneath the United States, J. Geophys. Res.: Solid Earth 121, 4306 (2016)], as well as the values from an older table PEMC [A. M. Dziewonski, A. L. Hales and E. R. Lapwood, Parametrically simple earth models consistent with geophysical data, Phys. Earth Plan. Int. 10 12 (1975)]. In the second part, neutrino oscillations at Sanford Laboratory are examined for the variable density table of Shen-Ritzwoller. These results are then compared with oscillation results using the mean density from the Shen-Ritzwoller tables and one other fixed density. For the tests made here, the mean density results are quite similar to those found using the variable density vs distance.
NLO corrections to the deeply virtual meson production revisited: impact on the extraction of generalized parton distributions
Creators: name: Čuić, Marija
name: Duplančić, Goran
name: Kumerički, Krešimir
name: Passek-K., Kornelija
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the next-to-leading order (NLO) perturbative QCD corrections for the deeply virtual meson production (DVMP) process, exploring its phenomenology both in isolation and in a multichannel fit combined with deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS). Our approach involves the conformal partial wave (CPaW) formalism, which allows for the straightforward inclusion of higher-order contributions and evolutionary effects. Our findings indicate that a description of the longitudinal component of the vector meson DVMP cross-section at high energies is achievable only at NLO within the standard collinear approach. Furthermore, we demonstrate a simultaneous description of DIS, DVCS, and DVMP processes, providing insights into the proton structure described at NLO by unique universal generalized parton distribution (GPD) functions.
description: 36 pages, 13 figures, small corrections, refs added, matches published version + erratum
Supplementary figures S1-S3 from Structural centrosome aberrations sensitize polarized epithelia to basal cell extrusion
Creators: name: Ganier, Olivier
name: Schnerch, Dominik
name: Nigg, Erich A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: Cell Biology

description: Supplementary figures S1-S3 and legends
Relationship between critical current and flux-flow resistivity in the mixed state of Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_x$)$_2$As$_2$
Creators: name: Huang, Xinyi
name: Singh, Y. P.
name: Haney, D. J.
name: Hu, T.
name: Xiao, H.
name: Wen, Hai-Hu
name: Zhang, Shuai
name: Dzero, M.
name: Almasan, Carmen C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the temperature and magnetic field dependence of vortex dissipation and critical current in the mixed-state of unconventional superconducting alloys Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_x$)$_2$As$_2$ ($0.044 \leq x \leq 0.100$) through current-voltage measurements. Our results reveal that all the electric field $E$ vs current density $j$ curves in the Ohmic regime merge to one point ($j_0,E_0$) and that there is a simple relationship between the critical current density $j_c$ and flux-flow resistivity $ρ_{\rm ff}$: $ρ_{\rm ff}/ρ_{\rm n} = (1- j_{c}/j_{0})^{-1}$, where $ρ_{\rm n}=E_0/j_0$ is the normal-state resistivity just above the superconducting transition. In addition, $E_0$ is positive for all five dopings, reflecting the abnormal behavior of the flux-flow resistivity $ρ_{\rm ff}$: it increases with decreasing magnetic field. In contrast, $E_0$ is negative for the conventional superconductor Nb since, as expected, $ρ_{\rm ff}$ decreases with decreasing magnetic field. Furthermore, in the under-doped and over-doped single crystals of Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_x$)$_2$As$_2$, the parameter $E_0$ remains temperature independent, while it decreases with increasing temperature for the single crystals around optimal doping ($ 0.060\leq x\leq 0.072 $). This result points to the co-existence of superconductivity with some other phase around optimal doping.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Realizing Half-Diminished Reality from Video Stream of Manipulating Objects
Creators: name: Okumoto, Hayato
name: Yoshida, Mitsuo
name: Umemura, Kyoji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: When we watch a video, in which human hands manipulate objects, these hands may obscure some parts of those objects. We are willing to make clear how the objects are manipulated by making the image of hands semi-transparent, and showing the complete images of the hands and the object. By carefully choosing a Half-Diminished Reality method, this paper proposes a method that can process the video in real time and verifies that the proposed method works well.
description: The 2016 International Conference On Advanced Informatics: Concepts, Theory And Application (ICAICTA2016)
Sub-Critical Closed String Field Theory in D Less Than 26
Creators: name: Kaku, Michio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct the second quantized action for sub-critical closed string field theory with zero cosmological constant in dimensions $ 2 \leq D < 26$, generalizing the non-polynomial closed string field theory action proposed by the author and the Kyoto and MIT groups for $D = 26$. The proof of gauge invariance is considerably complicated by the presence of the Liouville field $ϕ$ and the non-polynomial nature of the action. However, we explicitly show that the polyhedral vertex functions obey BRST invariance to all orders. By point splitting methods, we calculate the anomaly contribution due to the Liouville field, and show in detail that it cancels only if $D - 26 + 1 + 3 Q ^ 2 = 0 $, in both the bosonized and unbosonized polyhedral vertex functions. We also show explicitly that the four point function generated by this action reproduces the shifted Shapiro-Virasoro amplitude found from $c=1$ matrix models and Liouville theory in two dimensions. LATEX file.
description: 28 pages, CCNY-HEP-93-6
Magnetic order in the S=1/2 two-dimensional molecular antiferromagnet, copper pyrazine perchlorate Cu(Pz)_2(ClO_4)_2
Creators: name: Lancaster, T.
name: Blundell, S. J.
name: Brooks, M. L.
name: Baker, P. J.
name: Pratt, F. L.
name: Manson, J. L.
name: Conner, M. M.
name: Xiao, F.
name: Landee, C. P.
name: Chaves, F. A.
name: Soriano, S.
name: Novak, M. A.
name: Papageorgiou, T.
name: Bianchi, A.
name: Herrmannsdorfer, T.
name: Wosnitza, J.
name: Schlueter, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an investigation of magnetic ordering in the two-dimensional S=1/2 quantum magnet Cu(Pz)_2(ClO_4)_2 using specific heat and zero field muon-spin relaxation (μ^+SR). The magnetic contribution to the specific heat is consistent with an exchange strength of 17.7(3) K. We find unambiguous evidence for a transition to a state of three-dimensional long range order below a critical temperature T_N=4.21(1) K using μ^+SR even though there is no feature in the specific heat at that temperature. The absence of a specific heat anomaly at T_N is consistent with recent theoretical predictions. The ratio of T_N/J=0.24 corresponds to a ratio of intralayer to interlayer exchange constants of |J'/J|=6.8x10^-4, indicative of excellent two-dimensional isolation. The scaled magnetic specific heat of [Cu(Pz)_2(HF_2)]BF_4, a compound with an analogous structure, is essentially identical to that of Cu(Pz)_2(ClO_4)_2 although both differ slightly from the predicted value for an ideal 2D S=1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
CoAnnotating: Uncertainty-Guided Work Allocation between Human and Large Language Models for Data Annotation
Creators: name: Li, Minzhi
name: Shi, Taiwei
name: Ziems, Caleb
name: Kan, Min-Yen
name: Chen, Nancy F.
name: Liu, Zhengyuan
name: Yang, Diyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Annotated data plays a critical role in Natural Language Processing (NLP) in training models and evaluating their performance. Given recent developments in Large Language Models (LLMs), models such as ChatGPT demonstrate zero-shot capability on many text-annotation tasks, comparable with or even exceeding human annotators. Such LLMs can serve as alternatives for manual annotation, due to lower costs and higher scalability. However, limited work has leveraged LLMs as complementary annotators, nor explored how annotation work is best allocated among humans and LLMs to achieve both quality and cost objectives. We propose CoAnnotating, a novel paradigm for Human-LLM co-annotation of unstructured texts at scale. Under this framework, we utilize uncertainty to estimate LLMs' annotation capability. Our empirical study shows CoAnnotating to be an effective means to allocate work from results on different datasets, with up to 21% performance improvement over random baseline. For code implementation, see https://github.com/SALT-NLP/CoAnnotating.
On the Segregation Phenomenon in Complex Langevin Simulation
Creators: name: Fujimura, K.
name: Okano, K.
name: Schülke, L.
name: Yamagishi, K.
name: Zheng, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the numerical simulation of certain field theoretical models, the complex Langevin simulation has been believed to fail due to the violation of ergodicity. We give a detailed analysis of this problem based on a toy model with one degree of freedom ($S=-β\cosθ$). We find that the failure is not due to the defect of complex Langevin simulation itself, but rather to the way how one treats the singularity appearing in the drift force. An effective algorithm is proposed by which one can simulate the ${1/β}$ behaviour of the expectation value $$ in the small $β$ limit.
description: (20 pages + 8 figures on request). Siegen Si-93-8, Tokuyama TKYM-93-2
Angle-dependent Weiss oscillations in a nanocorrugated two-dimensional electron gas
Creators: name: Chang, Ching Hao
name: Ortix, Carmine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the diffusive magnetotransport properties of a two-dimensional electron gas residing in a wrinkled nanostructure. The curved geometry of the nanostructure renders an effective inhomogeneous magnetic field which, in turns, yields Weiss oscillations. Since the relative strength of the effective inhomogeneous magnetic field can be tailored by changing the direction of the externally applied magnetic field, these Weiss oscillations exhibit a strong directional dependence. For large external magnetic fields we also find an anisotropic positive magnetoresistance.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures. Accepted by Nano Futures
Synthesis of novel thymol derivatives against MRSA and ESBL producing pathogenic bacteria
Creators: name: Shasank S. Swain
name: Paidesetty, Sudhir K.
name: Padhy, Rabindra N.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Twelve substituted aryl-azo-thymol derivatives (4a to 4 l) were synthesized and characterized by several spectral techniques such as, FTIR, UV-vis, proton NMR, Mass spectrometry and elemental analysis. Antimicrobial activities were evaluated by agar-well diffusion method against isolated MRSA, ESBL-producing pathogenic bacteria and antifungal resistant fungi, in vitro. In addition, drug likeness properties of derivatives were assessed through bioinformatic tools such as, PASS prediction, molecular docking and Lipinski rules of five, along with determination of toxic nature and LD50 values. Among 12 derivatives, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4 g, 4i, 4j and 4 k had significant antibacterial and antifungal activities with minimum inhibitory concentration values, 40 to 80 μg/ml. Moreover, the docking scores of derivatives were −8.27 to −11.44 kcal/mol, against 4 bacterial targets and −9.45 to −12.49 kcal/mol against 2 fungal targets. Thus, from in vitro and in silico studies, thymol derivatives had control of MRSA, ESBL-producing bacteria and antifungal resistant fungi.
Mining the local Universe: the QSO space density
Creators: name: Cristiani, S.
name: Grazian, A.
name: Omizzolo, A.
name: Corbally, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present progress results of a new survey for bright QSOs (V<14.5, R<15.4, B_J<15.2) covering the whole sky at high galactic latitudes, |b|>30. The surface density of QSOs brighter than B_J=14.8 turns out to be 2.9 +- 0.8 10^{-3} deg^{-2}. The optical Luminosity Function at 0.04 < z < 0.3 shows significant departures from the standard pure luminosity evolution, providing new insights in the modelling of the QSO phenomenon.
description: 6 pages Latex, with 3 PostScript figures. To appear in the Proceedings of the MPA/ESO/MPE Joint Astronomy Conference "Mining The Sky", July 31 - August 4, 2000, Garching, Germany
Bias-Variance Tradeoff of Graph Laplacian Regularizer
Creators: name: Chen, Pin-Yu
name: Liu, Sijia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a bias-variance tradeoff of graph Laplacian regularizer, which is widely used in graph signal processing and semi-supervised learning tasks. The scaling law of the optimal regularization parameter is specified in terms of the spectral graph properties and a novel signal-to-noise ratio parameter, which suggests selecting a mediocre regularization parameter is often suboptimal. The analysis is applied to three applications, including random, band-limited, and multiple-sampled graph signals. Experiments on synthetic and real-world graphs demonstrate near-optimal performance of the established analysis.
description: accepted by IEEE Signal Processing Letters
Fewer adverse effects associated with a modified two-bag intravenous acetylcysteine protocol compared to traditional three-bag regimen in paracetamol overdose
Creators: name: Schmidt, Lars E.
name: Rasmussen, Ditlev N.
name: Petersen, Tonny S.
name: Macias-Perez, Ines M.
name: Pavliv, Leo
name: Kaelin, Byron
name: Dart, Richard C.
name: Dalhoff, Kim
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Context: The intravenous (IV) N-acetylcysteine (NAC) regimen used worldwide in paracetamol overdose is complex with three separate weight-based doses and is associated with a high incidence of adverse events including non-allergic anaphylactoid reactions (NAARs). In 2012, Denmark adopted the two-bag IV NAC regimen which combined the first two infusions of the three-bag regimen and kept the third infusion unchanged. We compared the safety and efficacy of the two-bag IV NAC regimen with the traditional Danish three-bag regimen. Methods: A medical chart review was conducted in three Danish medical centers from January 2012 through December 2014. Safety and efficacy data were compared for patients who received the traditional infusion protocol in Denmark or the 20-h two-bag IV regimen. Results: Four hundred and ninety-three cases received the two-bag regimen and 274 received the three-bag regimen. The overall incidence of NAARs was 9% with all being mild to moderate in intensity. Fewer subjects in the two-bag group (4%) developed NAARs compared to 17% in the three-bag group (p Conclusions: The incidence of NAARs was lower in patients receiving acetylcysteine in a two-bag regimen compared to the traditional Danish three-bag regimen without an apparent reduction in efficacy.
Photo-induced electronic and spin topological phase transitions in monolayer bismuth
Creators: name: Peng, Bo
name: Lange, Gunnar F.
name: Bennett, Daniel
name: Wang, Kang
name: Slager, Robert-Jan
name: Monserrat, Bartomeu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultrathin bismuth exhibits rich physics including strong spin-orbit coupling, ferroelectricity, nontrivial topology, and light-induced structural dynamics. We use \textit{ab initio} calculations to show that light can induce structural transitions to four transient phases in bismuth monolayers. These light-induced phases exhibit nontrivial topological character, which we illustrate using the recently introduced concept of spin bands and spin-resolved Wilson loops. Specifically, we find that the topology changes via the closing of the electron and spin band gaps during photo-induced structural phase transitions, leading to distinct edge states. Our study provides strategies to tailor electronic and spin topology via ultrafast control of photo-excited carriers and associated structural dynamics.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Probing the spinning of the massive black hole in the Galactic Center via pulsar timing: A Full Relativistic Treatment
Creators: name: Zhang, Fupeng
name: Saha, Prasenjit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pulsars around the Massive Black Hole (MBH) in the Galactic Center (GC) are expected to be revealed by the incoming facilities (e.g., the Square Kilometre Array). Under a full relativistic framework with the pulsar approximated as a test particle, we investigate the constraints on the spinning of the MBH by monitoring the timing of surrounding pulsars. For GC pulsars orbiting closely around the MBH (e.g., $\lesssim1000$AU), we find that full relativistic treatment in modeling accurately their timing signals can be necessary, as the relativistic signals are orders of magnitude larger than the time of arrival measurement accuracies. Although usually there are near-degeneracies among MBH spin parameters, the constraints on the spinning of the MBH are still very tight. By continuously monitoring a normal pulsar in orbits with a period of $\sim2.6$yr and an eccentricity of $0.3-0.9$ under timing precision of $1-5$ms, within $\sim 8$yr the spin magnitude and the orientations of the GC MBH can be constrained with $2σ$ error of $10^{-3}-10^{-2}$ and $10^{-1}-10^\circ$, respectively. Even for pulsars in orbits similar to the detected star S2/S0-2 or S0-102, we find that the spinning of the MBH can still be constrained within $4-8$yr, with the most significant constraints provided near the pericenter passage. If the proper motion of the pulsars with astrometric accuracy of $10μ$as can also be collected along with the timing measurement, then the position, velocity, mass and the distance to the Solar System of the MBH can be constrained about $\sim10μ$as, $\sim1μ$as$/$yr, $\sim 10 M_\odot$ and $\sim1$pc, respectively.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Deformed Fokker-Planck Equations
Creators: name: Ho, Choon-Lin
name: Sasaki, Ryu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Based on the well-known relation between Fokker-Planck equations and Schroedinger equations of quantum mechanics (QM), we propose new deformed Fokker-Planck (FP) equations associated with the Schroedinger equations of "discrete" QM. The latter is a natural discretization of QM and its Schroedinger equations are difference instead of differential equations. Exactly solvable FP equations are obtained corresponding to exactly solvable "discrete" QM, whose eigenfunctions include various deformations of the classical orthogonal polynomials.
description: 4 pages, no figures
Gap junction plasticity as a mechanism to regulate network-wide oscillations
Creators: name: Pernelle, Guillaume
name: Nicola, Wilten
name: Clopath, Claudia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Cortical oscillations are thought to be involved in many cognitive functions and processes. Several mechanisms have been proposed to regulate oscillations. One prominent but understudied mechanism is gap-junctional coupling. Gap junctions are ubiquitous in cortex between GABAergic interneurons. Moreover, recent experiments indicate their strength can be modified in an activity-dependent manner, similar to chemical synapses. We hypothesized that activity-dependent gap junction plasticity acts as a mechanism to regulate oscillations in the cortex. We developed a computational model of gap junction plasticity in a recurrent cortical network. We showed that gap junction plasticity can serve as a homeostatic mechanism for oscillations by maintaining a tight balance between two network states: asynchronous irregular activity and synchronized oscillations. This homeostatic mechanism allows for robust communication between neuronal assemblies through two different mechanisms: transient oscillations and frequency modulation. This implies a direct functional role for gap junction plasticity in information transmission in cortex.
Joint measurement of complementary observables in moment tomography
Creators: name: Teo, Yong Siah
name: Muller, Christian R.
name: Jeong, Hyunseok
name: Hradil, Zdenek
name: Rehacek, Jaroslav
name: Sanchez-Soto, Luis L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wigner and Husimi quasi-distributions, owing to their functional regularity, give the two archetypal and equivalent representations of all observable-parameters in continuous-variable quantum information. Balanced homodyning and heterodyning that correspond to their associated sampling procedures, on the other hand, fare very differently concerning their state or parameter reconstruction accuracies. We present a general theory of a now-known fact that heterodyning can be tomographically more powerful than balanced homodyning to many interesting classes of single-mode quantum states, and discuss the treatment for two-mode sources.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, conference proceedings for Quantum 2017 in Torino
Gamma Ray Bursts, Cosmic Ray Origin, and the Unidentified EGRET Sources
Creators: name: Dermer, Charles D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Statistical arguments show that the volume- and time-averaged kinetic power of GRBs and fireball transients (FTs) into an L* galaxy like the Milky Way is at the level of 10^40 ergs/s. This number, though with wide uncertainties related to the internal or external shock efficiency, is sufficient to power hadronic cosmic rays observed locally. The release of energy by the high-mass progenitor stars of GRBs and FTs is sufficient to power the ultrahigh energy cosmic rays, as already shown by Waxman and Vietri in 1995. It is sufficient to power the cosmic rays above the knee of the cosmic-ray spectrum. Indeed, all hadronic cosmic rays could originate from the high-mass (>~ 100 M_o) stars that collapse to black holes, in the process forming GRBs and FTs. This source class represents a new solution to the problem of cosmic-ray origin. The ~10^4 - 10^7 black holes made by these stars could make their presence known by radiating as they accrete from the ISM, by microlensing background radiations, and by forming luminous binary systems. Some unidentified EGRET sources could be isolated black holes that accrete from the ISM. Better imaging and sensitivity with GLAST and TeV observatories will test this model for the unidentified gamma-ray sources, and this theory for cosmic-ray origin.
description: 21 pages, 5 figs. Presentation at 2nd Rome Workshop on Gamma Ray Bursts in the Afterglow Era (17-20 October 2000). Shortened version to appear in the Proceedings of the Heidelberg 2000 High-Energy Gamma-Ray Workshop, ed. F. A. Aharonian and H. V\"olk (AIP: New York)
Maglev for Dark Matter: Dark-photon and axion dark matter sensing with levitated superconductors
Creators: name: Higgins, Gerard
name: Kalia, Saarik
name: Liu, Zhen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultraprecise mechanical sensors offer an exciting avenue for testing new physics. While many of these sensors are tailored to detect inertial forces, magnetically levitated (Maglev) systems are particularly interesting, in that they are also sensitive to electromagnetic forces. In this work, we propose the use of magnetically levitated superconductors to detect dark-photon and axion dark matter through their couplings to electromagnetism. Several existing laboratory experiments search for these dark-matter candidates at high frequencies, but few are sensitive to frequencies below $\mathrm{1\,kHz}$ (corresponding to dark-matter masses $m_\mathrm{DM}\lesssim10^{-12}\,\mathrm{eV}$). As a mechanical resonator, magnetically levitated superconductors are sensitive to lower frequencies, and so can probe parameter space currently unexplored by laboratory experiments. Dark-photon and axion dark matter can source an oscillating magnetic field that drives the motion of a magnetically levitated superconductor. This motion is resonantly enhanced when the dark matter Compton frequency matches the levitated superconductor's trapping frequency. We outline the necessary modifications to make magnetically levitated superconductors sensitive to dark matter, including specifications for both broadband and resonant schemes. We show that in the $\mathrm{Hz}\lesssim f_\mathrm{DM}\lesssim\mathrm{kHz}$ frequency range our technique can achieve the leading sensitivity amongst laboratory probes of both dark-photon and axion dark matter.
description: 24 pages, 7 figures. Published version
Additional file 1 of Radiomic signature based on CT imaging to distinguish invasive adenocarcinoma from minimally invasive adenocarcinoma in pure ground-glass nodules with pleural contact
Creators: name: Jiang, Yining
name: Che, Siyu
name: Ma, Shuangchun
name: Liu, Xinyan
name: Guo, Yan
name: Liu, Ailian
name: Li, Guosheng
name: Li, Zhiyong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1.
Experimental verification of the steering ellipsoid zoo via two-qubit states
Creators: name: Xu, Kai
name: Liu, Lijun
name: Wang, Ning-Ning
name: Zhang, Chao
name: Huang, Yun-Feng
name: Liu, Bi-Heng
name: Cheng, Shuming
name: Li, Chuan-Feng
name: Guo, Guang-Can
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum steering ellipsoid visualizes the set of all qubit states that can be steered by measuring on another correlated qubit in the Bloch picture. Together with local reduced states, it provides a faithful geometric characterization of the underlying two-qubit state so that almost all nonclassical state features can be reflected in its geometric properties. Consequently, the various types of quantum ellipsoids with different geometric properties form an ellipsoid zoo, which, in this work, is experimentally verified via measurements on many polarization-path photonic states. By generating two-qubit states with high fidelity, the corresponding ellipsoids are constructed to certify the presence of entanglement, one-way Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering, discord, and steering incompleteness. It is also experimentally verified that the steering ellipsoid can be reconstructed from using the twelve vertices of the icosahedron as measurement directions. Our results aid progress in applying the quantum steering ellipsoid to reveal nonclassical features of the multi-qubit system.
description: Several references are added and the presentation is close to the publication version
title: COMPUTER-ANALYSIS OF NEWTOWN CREEK CULVERT
Creators: name: Chang, Ching S.
name: Selig, Ernest T.
name: Espinoza, Julio M.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 1980

description: The design of corrugated-metal buried structures with spans of as much as 25 ft to 50 ft (7.6 m to 15 m) has been largely empirical. Finite element methods of analysis using computers have now been developed to provide a comprehensive and potentially more realistic model of the complex soil-structure interaction problem involved. The structure was a buried arch with a 26-ft (7.9-m) span, 15-ft (4.6-m) rise, and a soil cover of 23 ft (7.0 m). This structure was then thoroughly analyzed using the available finite element computer program, CANDE, developed for the Federal Highway Administration for use in design. The predicted values depended on the soil properties, for which suitable data were not available. This agreement was obtained by selection of the values of the soil properties by successive trials based on a comparison of the computed results with the correct answers for crown deflection and thrust stress. The accuracy of the predictions is therefore not yet proven. In contrast, some characteristics of other measurements, such as horizontal movement of the springline, were not easily predicted.
Accelerations of large inertial particles in turbulence
Creators: name: Fan, Yaning
name: Wang, Cheng
name: Jiang, Linfeng
name: Sun, Chao
name: Calzavarini, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the dynamics of material objects advected by turbulent flows is a long standing question in fluid dynamics. In this perspective article we focus on the characterization of the statistical properties of non-interacting finite-sized massive spherical particles advected by a vigorous turbulent flow. We study the fluctuations and temporal correlations of particle accelerations and explore their behaviours with respect to the particle size and the particle mass density by means of fully-resolved numerical simulations. We observe that the measured trends can not be interpreted as the simple multiplicative combination of the two dominant effects: the spatial filtering of fluid accelerations and the added-mass-adjusted fluid-to-particle density ratio. We argue that other hydrodynamical forces or effects, e.g. preferential flow sampling, have still a significant role even at the largest particle sizes, which rich here the integral scale of turbulence.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Convective Patterns in Binary Fluid Mixtures with Positive Separation Ratios
Creators: name: Huke, B.
name: Luecke, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We summarize our findings about laterally periodic convection structures in binary mixtures in the Rayleigh-Benard system for positive Soret effect. Stationary roll, square, and crossroll solutions and their stability are determined with a multimode Galerkin expansion. The oscillatory competition of squares and rolls in the form of crossroll oscillations is reviewed. They undergo a subharmonic bifurcation cascade where the oscillation period grows in integer steps as a consequence of an entrainment process.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures
Why Modern Open Source Projects Fail
Creators: name: Coelho, Jailton
name: Valente, Marco Tulio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Open source is experiencing a renaissance period, due to the appearance of modern platforms and workflows for developing and maintaining public code. As a result, developers are creating open source software at speeds never seen before. Consequently, these projects are also facing unprecedented mortality rates. To better understand the reasons for the failure of modern open source projects, this paper describes the results of a survey with the maintainers of 104 popular GitHub systems that have been deprecated. We provide a set of nine reasons for the failure of these open source projects. We also show that some maintenance practices -- specifically the adoption of contributing guidelines and continuous integration -- have an important association with a project failure or success. Finally, we discuss and reveal the principal strategies developers have tried to overcome the failure of the studied projects.
description: Paper accepted at 25th International Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering (FSE), pages 1-11, 2017
title: Édition TEI de la pièce Ploutos d’Aristophane (Ve siècle avant J.-C.), traduite par Dom Lobineau (1667 - 1727), env. XVII-XVIIIe
title: Edition in TEI format of the play Ploutos by Aristophanes (5th century BC), translated by Dom Lobineau (1667 - 1727), c. 17th-18th
Creators: name: Bastin-Hammou, Malika
name: Charlois, Célia
name: Garcia-Fernandez, Anne
name: Greslou, Elisabeth
name: Pierazzo, Elena
name: Aristophane (C. 446 – C. 386 BC)
name: Dom Lobineau (Traducteur)
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: TEI
subject: Traduction
subject: Aristophane
subject: XVIIe siècle
subject: XVIIIe siècle
subject: français (langue)
subject: TEI
subject: translation
subject: Aristophanes
subject: 17th century
subject: 18th century
subject: french
subject: LCSH : Theater–Greece
subject: French language
subject: 18th century
subject: 17th century

description: La présente édition s’inscrit dans le cadre du projet Translatoscope de l'Université Grenoble Alpes, dédié à l'étude de l’histoire des traductions d’Aristophane. L’encodage du texte a été réalisé en suivant les recommandations de la Text Encoding Initiative (http://www.tei-c.org/Guidelines/P5/).
description: date: c. 17th-18th centuries
Dataset: Long-term changes in survival of Eurasian lynx in three reintroduced populations in Switzerland
Creators: name: Vogt, Kristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Eurasian lynx
Lynx lynx
survival
mortality
reintroduction
Switzerland

description: For conservation or management programs, basic data on vital rates are important but often hard to acquire for long-lived and elusive wildlife species such as large carnivores. In this study, we analysed long-term changes in survival rates for different sexes and age classes (juvenile, subadult, adult) in three reintroduced Swiss lynx populations (Alps, Jura, Northeastern Switzerland). A novel modelling approach allowed us to combine picture data from camera-trapping and lynx pictures resulting from chance observations, telemetry data and dead-recoveries over a monitoring period of 25 years (1997–2022). Mean annual survival of adult lynx varied between 0.71 and 0.81 for males and between 0.70 and 0.85 for females. Mean survival of subadults ranged between 0.59 and 0.89 among populations. Juvenile survival was highly variable and low on average (< 0.4). Our findings highlight that unknown sources of mortality exist in some populations and that future studies on mortality causes and potential effects of inbreeding on survival are needed to ensure long-term conservation of the lynx in Switzerland. Our study can serve as a basis for future studies on population viability and conservation threats to the species in human-dominated landscapes and demonstrates the complexity and high variation of survival between different age and sex classes in space and time, potentially leading to source sink dynamics.
description: Funding provided by: Haldimann FoundationCrossref Funder Registry ID: Award Number: none
Funding provided by: Charity Foundation from LiechtensteinCrossref Funder Registry ID: Award Number: none
description: see html files provided with the data
On the Problems with Background Independence in String Theory
Creators: name: Shatashvili, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problems with background independence are discussed in the example of open string theory. Based on the recent proposal by Witten I calculate the String Field Theory action in conformal perturbation theory to second order and demonstrate that the proper treatment of contact terms leads to nontrivial equations of motion. I conjecture the form of the field theory action to all orders.
description: 15p., Preprint IASSNS-HEP-93/66
In vitro activities of Ceiba speciosa (A.St.-Hil) Ravenna aqueous stem bark extract
Creators: name: Dörr, Juliana Andréa
name: Bitencourt, Shanna
name: Bortoluzzi, Luísa
name: Alves, Celso
name: Silva, Joana
name: Stoll, Stefani
name: Pinteus, Susete
name: Boligon, Aline Augusti
name: Santos, Roberto Christ Vianna
name: Laufer, Stefan
name: Pedrosa, Rui
name: Goettert, Márcia Inês
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Several species of the genus Ceiba (Malvaceae) are ethnopharmacologically used. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the in vitro beneficial properties of the aqueous stem bark extract of Ceiba speciosa. The extract presented a great amount of phenolic compounds (117.4 ± 6.2 mg GAE/g). The antioxidant activity was assessed by DPPH (IC50 = 42.87 μg/mL), ORAC (2351.17 μmol TE/g) and FRAP (235.94 μM FeSO4/g) methods. In addition, the extract reduced MCF-7 cell viability as assessed by MTT. However, it prevented mitochondrial membrane depolarization and reduced caspase-9 activity induced by hydrogen peroxide. In conclusion, these findings indicate the extract is an excellent source of natural antioxidants and is able to protect ROS-induced cell death. Therefore, C. speciosa extract may possess beneficial properties for application in pharmaceutical industry as an antioxidant. However, further studies to better elucidate its mechanisms and to isolate its active compounds are required.