cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Low mass loss rates in O-type stars: Spectral signatures of dense clumps in the wind of two Galactic O4 stars
Creators: name: Bouret, J. -C.
name: Lanz, T.
name: Hillier, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have analyzed the far-UV spectrum of two Galactic O4 stars, the O4If+ supergiant HD190429A and the O4V((f)) dwarf HD96715, using archival FUSE and IUE data. We have conducted a quantitative analysis based on the two NLTE model atmosphere and wind codes, TLUSTY and CMFGEN. We have derived the stellar and wind parameters and the surface composition of the two stars. The surface of HD190429A has a composition typical of an evolved O supergiant (N-rich, C and O-poor), while HD96715 exhibits surface N enhancement similar to the enrichment found in SMC O dwarfs and attributed to rotationally-induced mixing. We find that homogeneous wind models could not match the observed profile of O V1371 and require very low phosphorus abundance to fit the P V1118-1128 resonance lines. However, we are able to match the O V and P V lines using clumped wind models. We find that N IV1718 is also sensitive to wind clumping. For both stars, we have calculated clumped wind models that match well all these lines from different species and that remain consistent with Halpha data. These fits therefore provide a coherent and thus much stronger evidence of wind clumping in O stars than earlier claims. We find that the wind of these two stars is highly clumped, as expressed by very small volume filling factors, namely f=0.04 for HD190429A and f=0.02 for HD96715. In agreement with our analysis of SMC stars, clumping starts deep in the wind, just above the sonic point. The most crucial consequence of our analysis is that the mass loss rates of O stars need to be revised downward significantly, by a factor of 3 and more. Accounting for wind clumping is essential when determining the wind properties of O stars. Our study therefore calls for a fundamental revision in our understanding of mass loss and of O-type star winds. (abridged)
description: To appear in Astronomy & Astrophysics; 16 pages; accepted version after minor revision
Efficient Bayesian inversion for shape reconstruction of lithography masks
Creators: name: Farchmin, Nando
name: Hammerschmidt, Martin
name: Schneider, Philipp-Immanuel
name: Wurm, Matthias
name: Bodermann, Bernd
name: Bär, Markus
name: Heidenreich, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Background: Scatterometry is a fast, indirect and non-destructive optical method for quality control in the production of lithography masks. To solve the inverse problem in compliance with the upcoming need for improved accuracy, a computationally expensive forward model has to be defined which maps geometry parameters to diffracted light intensities. Aim: To quantify the uncertainties in the reconstruction of the geometry parameters, a fast to evaluate surrogate for the forward model has to be introduced. Approach: We use a non-intrusive polynomial chaos based approximation of the forward model which increases speed and thus enables the exploration of the posterior through direct Bayesian inference. Additionally, this surrogate allows for a global sensitivity analysis at no additional computational overhead. Results: This approach yields information about the complete distribution of the geometry parameters of a silicon line grating, which in return allows to quantify the reconstruction uncertainties in the form of means, variances and higher order moments of the parameters. Conclusion: The use of a polynomial chaos surrogate allows to quantify both parameter influences and reconstruction uncertainties. This approach is easy to use since no adaptation of the expensive forward model is required.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1910.14435
A rotation-driven pulsar radio emission mechanism
Creators: name: Melrose, D. B.
name: Rafat, M. Z.
name: Mastrano, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose and discuss an alternative pulsar radio emission mechanism that relies on rotation-driven plasma oscillations, rather than on a beam-driven instability, and suggest that it may be the generic radio emission mechanism for pulsars. We identify these oscillations as superluminal longitudinal waves in the pulsar plasma, and point out that these waves can escape directly in the O~mode. We argue that the frequency of the oscillations is $ω_0\approxω_{\rm p}(2\langleγ\rangle)^{1/2}/γ_{\rm s}$, where $γ_{\rm s}$ is the Lorentz factor of bulk streaming motion and $\langleγ\rangle$ is the mean Lorentz factor in the rest frame of the plasma. The dependence of the plasma frequency $ω_{\rm p}$ on radial distance implies a specific frequency-to-radius mapping, $ω_0\propto r^{-3/2}$. Escape of the energy in these oscillations is possible if they are generated in overdense, field-aligned regions that we call fibers; the wave energy is initially refracted into underdense regions between the fibers, which act as ducts. Some implications of the model for the interpretation of pulsar radio emission are discussed.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 8 of An alternative for proteinase K-heat-sensitive protease from fungus Onygena corvina for biotechnology: cloning, engineering, expression, characterization and special application for protein sequencing
Creators: name: Skowron, Piotr M.
name: Krefft, Daria
name: Brodzik, Robert
name: Kasperkiewicz, Paulina
name: Drag, Marcin
name: Klaus-Peter Koller
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 8. Synthetic DNA fragment map and features, comprising optimized SP-PRO-NHSSP gene with deleted C-terminal 4 aa and His6-tag. Secretion peptide native—marked in green, propeptide—marked in yellow.
Additional file 9 of An alternative for proteinase K-heat-sensitive protease from fungus Onygena corvina for biotechnology: cloning, engineering, expression, characterization and special application for protein sequencing
Creators: name: Skowron, Piotr M.
name: Krefft, Daria
name: Brodzik, Robert
name: Kasperkiewicz, Paulina
name: Drag, Marcin
name: Klaus-Peter Koller
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 9. Synthetic DNA fragment sequence, translation and features, comprising optimized SP-PRO-NHSSP gene with deleted C-terminal 4 aa and His6-tag. Secretion peptide native—marked in green, propeptide—marked in yellow.
Open Strings and Supersymmetry Breaking
Creators: name: Angelantonj, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review several mechanisms for supersymmetry breaking in orientifold models. In particular, we focus on non-supersymmetric open-string realisations that correspond to consistent flat-space solutions of the classical equations of motion. In these models, the one-loop vacuum energy can typically fixed by the size of the compact extra dimensions, and can thus be tuned to extremely small values if enough extra dimensions are large.
description: Contribution to the proceedings of the XVI SIGRAV conference. V2 refs added, V3 one ref added
Current in a Spin-orbit-coupling System
Creators: name: Li, Yi
name: Tao, Ruibao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formulae of particle current as well as spin- and angular momentum currents are studied for most spin-orbit coupling (SOC) systems. It is shown that the conventional expression of currents in some literatures are not complete for some SOC systems. The particle current in Dresselhaus system must have extra terms in additional to the conventional one, but no extra term for Rashba, Luttinger model. Further more, we also prove that the extra terms of total angular momentum appear in Rashba current in addition to conventional one.
description: 26 pages
Role of Isabella in G.A. Rossini’s "L’Italiana in Algeri"
Creators: name: Evdokimoff, Erinn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The thesis for the Master of Music degree in Opera consists of the performance of a major role in one full opera production. I performed the role of Isabella in G.A. Rossini's "L'Italiana in Algeri" on November 2, 2002.
title: Creating a family through surrogacy: Negotiating parental positions, familial boundaries and kinship practices
Creators: name: Teschlade, Julia
name: Peukert, Almut
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: doing family
subject: egg donation
subject: Elternschaft
subject: Familie
subject: gay fathers
subject: parenthood
subject: surrogacy
subject: Vaterschaft
subject: ddc:300

description: This article focuses on male same-sex couples who fulfil their wish for a child through gestational surrogacy. As two-father families they must engage with society’s expectation that every child has both a mother and a father. Thus, the position of the mother must be filled, or at least accounted for. The empirical data derive from interviews with male samesex couples from Germany. Following the grounded theory approach, we analyse the couples’ ‘doing (being) family’ from two perspectives. First, we discuss how family roles are negotiated within the family formation process. The fathers employ different strategies to address the issue of the ‘absent mother’. Second, we examine how the couples draw boundaries in family formation processes to ensure that they are seen as the child’s only parents. We argue that social discourses lack broader definitions of (family) relations beyond the gendered categorizations of father and mother.
The Precautionary Principle Revisited: Its Interpretations and their Conservation Consequences
Creators: name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Biodiversity
subject: conservation
subject: climate change
subject: flexibility
subject: learning
subject: precautionary principle
subject: uncertainty

description: The precautionary principle was included in 1992 in the Rio Declaration on Environmental and Development and is a part of important international agreements and documents, for example, the Convention on Biological Diversity. Yet the interpretation of this principle is not straightforward as a guide for environmental policy – a variety of interpretations are possible. This paper identifies and examines various economic versions of the principle. Furthermore, it shows that different economic versions of the principle can give rise to conflicting policy recommendations for resource conservation. In addition, it demonstrates that applications of the principle do not always favour (natural) resource conservation (for example, biodiversity conservation) although the main support for it politically has been on the assumption it does. The principle’s potential consequences for biodiversity conservation of the introduction of new genetic material, such as genetically modified organisms are explored
On the CMC foliation of future ends of a spacetime
Creators: name: Gerhardt, Claus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider spacetimes with compact Cauchy hypersurfaces and with Ricci tensor bounded from below on the set of timelike unit vectors, and prove that the results known for spacetimes satisfying the timelike convergence condition, namely, foliation by CMC hypersurfaces, are also valid in the present situation, if corresponding further assumptions are satisfied. In addition we show that the volume of any sequence of spacelike hypersurfaces, which run into the future singularity, decays to zero provided there exists a time function covering a future end, such that the level hypersurfaces have non-negative mean curvature and decaying volume.
description: 12 pages, a pdf version can also be retrieved from http://www.math.uni-heidelberg.de/studinfo/gerhardt/foliation2.pdf and bibtex data from http://www.math.uni-heidelberg.de/studinfo/gerhardt/bibtexcgfoliation2.html, v2: the result of Lemma 2.1 improved, Theorem 0.3 removed, because it is already known, v3: Minor changes, section numbering starts with 1
Anomalies and accidental symmetries: charging the scalar leptoquark under $L_μ$-$L_τ$
Creators: name: Davighi, Joe
name: Kirk, Matthew
name: Nardecchia, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While the $S_3$ scalar leptoquark presents a possible tree-level explanation of the $b \to s \ell \ell$ flavour anomalies, it suffers from two conceptual problems which are often disregarded by model-builders. Firstly, the quantum numbers of the $S_3$ allow for a renormalisable diquark operator that would trigger rapid proton decay unless its coupling were tuned away. Secondly, one expects the leptoquark to have generic couplings to leptons, which require tuning to avoid stringent experimental bounds on lepton flavour violation. By gauging a $U(1)$ current that acts as $L_μ- L_τ$ on the Standard Model (SM) fermions, and under which the leptoquark has charge $-1$, one can remedy both these problems. The additional $U(1)$, which is spontaneously broken at some high scale, is associated with a massive $Z^\prime$ gauge boson and a scalar SM singlet $Φ$, which play no direct role in mediating the anomalous $B$ meson decays. By computing one- and two-loop mass corrections, we show that this pair of particles can be hidden away at much higher mass scales without destabilising either the Higgs or the leptoquark masses. The only low-energy relic of gauging $L_μ- L_τ$ is thus the accidental global symmetry structure of the lagrangian. On the other hand, we find quite generally that an $S_3$ leptoquark that mediates the $b \to s \ell \ell$ anomalies cannot be much heavier than a few TeV without itself inducing large Higgs mass corrections.
description: 32 pages, 6 figures. v2: journal version - corrected diagrams in fig 6, improved discussion of baryon number violation and added brief discussion of neutrino mass generation, references added
title: Revolution der Verwandtschaft. Beziehungsweisen in Heinrich von Kleists "Die Verlobung in St. Domingo"
Creators: name: Kappeler
name: , Florian
name: Kappeler, Florian
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Beziehungsweisen
subject: Intersektionalität
subject: Kleist
subject: Revolution, Verwandtschaft
subject: ddc:830

description: Wenn moderne Revolutionen wesentlich Verwandtschaftsverhältnisse betreffen, welche Fragen wirft dann die Haitianische Revolution als eine Selbstbefreiung von people of color von rassistischen und sexistischen Verhältnissen auf? Der Artikel geht diesem Problem anhand der Darstellung von Beziehungsweisen in Heinrich von Kleists Die Verlobung in St. Domingo (1811) nach. Narrative der Verwandtschaft werden hier anhand der Verlobung eines Mädchens aus einem revolutionären Haushalt mit einem aus der Schweiz stammenden Söldner der Konterrevolution sowie seiner patriarchalen Großfamilie präsentiert. Der Beitrag argumentiert in intersektionaler Perspektive, dass der revolutionäre Haushalt Tonis neue Verwandtschaftsformen etabliert, zugleich aber noch von den sexistischen und rassistischen Verhältnissen des Kolonialismus geprägt ist. Die Widersprüchlichkeit des Eherechts in der Übergangssituation des Jahres 1803 konterkariert den Versuch, eine neue Praxis interkultureller Verwandtschaftsformen zu begründen.
Baryon and Lepton Number Violation from Gravitational Waves
Creators: name: Fornal, Bartosz
name: Haghi, Barmak Shams Es
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a unique gravitational wave signature for a class of models with a vast hierarchy between the symmetry breaking scales. The unusual shape of the signal is a result of the overlapping contributions to the stochastic gravitational wave background from cosmic strings produced at a high scale and a cosmological phase transition at a low scale. We apply this idea to a simple model with gauged baryon and lepton number, in which the high-scale breaking of lepton number is motivated by the seesaw mechanism for the neutrinos, whereas the low scale of baryon number breaking is required by the observed dark matter relic density. The novel signature can be searched for in upcoming gravitational wave experiments.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 6 of An alternative for proteinase K-heat-sensitive protease from fungus Onygena corvina for biotechnology: cloning, engineering, expression, characterization and special application for protein sequencing
Creators: name: Skowron, Piotr M.
name: Krefft, Daria
name: Brodzik, Robert
name: Kasperkiewicz, Paulina
name: Drag, Marcin
name: Klaus-Peter Koller
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 6. pPink-HC-NHSSP plasmid sequence and features. Secretion peptide native—marked in green, propeptide—marked in yellow, His6-tag—marked in red.
One-dimensional moiré superlattices and flat bands in collapsed chiral carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Arroyo-Gascón, Olga
name: Fernández-Perea, Ricardo
name: Morell, Eric Suárez
name: Cabrillo, Carlos
name: Chico, Leonor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that one-dimensional moiré patterns, analogous to those found in twisted bilayer graphene, can arise in collapsed chiral carbon nanotubes. Resorting to a combination of approaches, namely, molecular dynamics to obtain the relaxed geometries and tight-binding calculations validated against ab initio modeling, we find that magic angle physics occur in collapsed carbon nanotubes. Velocity reduction, flat bands and localization in AA regions with diminishing moiré angle are revealed, showing a magic angle close to 1$^{\rm o}$. From the spatial extension of the AA regions and the width of the flat bands, we estimate that many-body interactions in these systems are stronger than in twisted bilayer graphene. Chiral collapsed carbon nanotubes stand out as promising candidates to explore many-body effects and superconductivity in low dimensions, emerging as the one-dimensional analogues of twisted bilayer graphene.
The Production of Biofuels: Welfare and Environmental Consequences for Asia
Creators: name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Biofuels
subject: conservation

description: The production of biofuels has been supported by many conservationists and environmentalists on the grounds that it reduces greenhouse gas emissions and is a renewable energy substitute for non-renewable fossil fuels, mainly oil. More recently the domestic production of biofuels (and the domestic supply of other forms of alternative energy) have been welcomed by several nations as ways to reduce their oil imports and increase their energy self-sufficiency, as for example, has happened in the United States. India also which is very dependent on oil imports has also begun to produce biofuels in Kerala and elsewhere. However, doubts have been raised about the effectiveness of biofuel use as a means to reduce the accumulation of greenhouse gases and elementary economics teaches us that it is likely to have opportunity costs. For example, increased cropping to provide biofuels can be at the expense of the production of food and natural fibres thereby adding to their prices. It may also increase the conversion of natural areas to agricultural use and consequently, add to biodiversity loss and an increase in greenhouse gas in the atmosphere. For example, in Borneo, forests are being converted to grow oil palm, partly used for biodiesel production in developing countries. These issues are discussed generally and their economic welfare implications are given particular attention in relation to Asian nations. Amongst the different situations examined from economic welfare and environmental points of view are the following: 1. Asian nations producing biofuels for their own use from home-grown crops, as is the case of India and China. 2. The external trade of Asian countries in feedstock for biofuels, such as palm oil in Indonesia and Malaysia and in biofuel itself. 3. Possible Asian ventures to grow crops for biofuels abroad or import biofuels. 4. The economic consequences for Asian countries of decisions by higher income countries, such as the United States (which also happens to be a major global exporter of food and natural fibre), to raise their production of biofuels. Analysis is provided that casts doubts on the likelihood that the introduction of biofuels will reduce greenhouse gas accumulation in the atmosphere.
Effects of jet quenching on the hydrodynamical evolution of quark-gluon plasma
Creators: name: Chaudhuri, A. K.
name: Heinz, Ulrich W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of jet quenching on the hydrodynamical evolution of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) fluid created in a heavy-ion collision. In jet quenching, a hard QCD parton, before fragmenting into a jet of hadrons, deposits a fraction of its energy in the medium, leading to suppressed production of high-pT hadrons. Assuming that the deposited energy quickly thermalizes, we simulate the subsequent hydrodynamic evolution of the QGP fluid. For partons moving at supersonic speed, v_p > c_s, and sufficiently large energy loss, a shock wave forms leading to conical flow [1]. The PHENIX Collaboration recently suggested that observed structures in the azimuthal angle distribution [2] might be caused by conical flow. We show here that conical flow produces different angular structures than predicted in [1] and that, for phenomenologically acceptable values of parton energy loss, conical flow effects are too weak to explain the structures seen by PHENIX [2].
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Last figure changed, now showing angular distribution of pions instead of photons. Added comments on "lost jets" and pT-dependence of angular correlations
title: Zwischen ‚Exzellenz‘ und Existenz. Wissenschaftskarriere, Arbeits- und Geschlechterarrangements in Deutschland und Österreich
Creators: name: Binner, Kristina
name: Weber, Lena
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Arbeitsteilung
subject: Exzellenz
subject: Geschlechter(un)gleichheit
subject: Gleichberechtigung
subject: Hochschule
subject: Qualitative Forschung
subject: Unternehmerische Hochschule
subject: Wissenschaftliche Karriere
subject: ddc:370

description: In der Gesellschaft wie auch in der Wissenschaft haben einige Veränderungen in Richtung Geschlechtergleichstellung stattgefunden. In den letzten Jahren werden wissenschaftliche Karrieren in Deutschland und Österreich jedoch nach ‚Exzellenzkriterien‘ und dem Leitbild der ‚unternehmerischen Hochschule‘ reorganisiert und Karrierepfade prekarisiert. Dieser Beitrag untersucht länderübergreifend, ob sich dadurch Geschlechterarrangements erneut ungleich gestalten. Dazu wird mit der Perspektive der alltäglichen und biografischen Arbeitsarrangements der Zusammenhang zwischen wissenschaftlichen Karrieren und Geschlecht analysiert. Im Fokus stehen die subjektiven Wahrnehmungen von Alltagsorganisation und biografischen Entscheidungen von NachwuchswissenschaftlerInnen, die in zwei qualitativen Interviewstudien befragt wurden. Es wird auf der Subjektebene gezeigt, wie in Zeiten ‚exzellenter‘ Spitzenforschung Geschlechterungleichheiten in Alltag und Biografie erzeugt werden.
Search for extraterrestrial point sources of high energy neutrinos with AMANDA-II using data collected in 2000-2002
Creators: name: The AMANDA Collaboration
name: Ackermann, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The results of a search for point sources of high energy neutrinos in the northern hemisphere using data collected by AMANDA-II in the years 2000, 2001 and 2002 are presented. In particular, a comparison with the single-year result previously published shows that the sensitivity was improved by a factor of 2.2. The muon neutrino flux upper limits on selected candidate sources, corresponding to an E^{-2} neutrino energy spectrum, are included. Sky grids were used to search for possible excesses above the background of cosmic ray induced atmospheric neutrinos. This search reveals no statistically significant excess for the three years considered.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables, submitted to PRD Rapid Communication
Prospects on high-energy source searches based on pattern recognition: Object detection in the H.E.S.S. Galactic Plane Survey and catalogue cross-matches
Creators: name: Remy, Q.
name: Gallant, Y. A.
name: Renaud, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The H.E.S.S. Galactic Plane Survey (HGPS) represents one of the most sensitive surveys of the Galactic Plane at very high energies (VHE, 0.1-100 TeV). However the source detection algorithm of the HGPS pipeline is not well-suited for complex regions, including sources with shell-like morphologies. As an alternative and complementary approach, we have investigated blind search methods for VHE gamma-ray source detection based on well-known and widely used image processing and pattern recognition techniques. Our goal is to build in a short amount of computational time a list of potentially valuable objects without prior case-specific morphological assumptions. We aim to classify and rank the detected objects in order to identify only the most promising source candidates for further multi-wavelength-association searches, dedicated analyses, or deeper observations. In the approach proposed, we extract sparse and pertinent structural information from the significance maps using a edge detection operator. We then apply a Hough circle transform and detect a collection of objects as local maxima in the Hough space. On the basis of morphological parameters we can characterize different object classes. Classification can be used to identify valuable source candidates sharing the characteristics of well-known sources. We show that using these pattern recognition techniques we can detect objects with partial circular symmetry irrespective of a morphological template (e.g. point-like, Gaussian-like, or shell-like). All the shell-type supernova remnants (SNRs) catalogued in the HGPS are associated with at least one detected object. Catalogue cross-matches indicate that several detected objects not catalogued in the HGPS are spatially coincident with multi-wavelength counterparts. Further investigation on the most promising candidates will be conducted in dedicated follow-up analyses.
Environmental Governance, Globalisation and Economic Performance
Creators: name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: environmental economics
subject: environmental governance
subject: environmental law
subject: environmental regulation
subject: globalisation
subject: global warming
subject: greenhouse gases
subject: transboundary pollution
subject: transboundary natural resources.

description: Increasing globalisation of economic activity and accompanying economic growth have been factors in the worldwide loss of natural environments and biodiversity loss, and these losses have accelerated since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, Emissions of many types of pollutants and wastes from human activity are rising globally and are exceeding the capacity of natural environments to absorb and neutralize them. This problem is exacerbated by the fact that the quality and size of some natural sinks for neutralizing them (such as forests) are declining. Consequently, these wastes are accumulating in many environments and pose a growing threat to human welfare and to sustainable economic development. There are, for instance, global concerns about greenhouse gas emissions, about the release of ozone-depleting substances and about the worldwide loss of existing biodiversity. Many new transboundary and local environmental issues have also emerged as a result of global economic growth. After considering such matters, arguments for global governance and the international harmonization of rules for regulating environmental use are examined. Reasons why the global spread of the Western evolved economic system reduces moral responsibility for environmental damage and increases the need for greater and more effective global and international environmental governance are outlined. Subsequently, several important global and international environmental problems are identified and shortcomings in their governance are highlighted. Further analysis is then completed to discover reasons why as economic globalisation increases, there are continuing failures in market and political systems to provide adequate governance of global and international environmental problems.
Accurately constraining velocity information from spectral imaging observations using machine learning techniques
Creators: name: MacBride, Conor D.
name: Jess, David B.
name: Grant, Samuel D. T.
name: Khomenko, Elena
name: Keys, Peter H.
name: Stangalini, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Determining accurate plasma Doppler (line-of-sight) velocities from spectroscopic measurements is a challenging endeavour, especially when weak chromospheric absorption lines are often rapidly evolving and, hence, contain multiple spectral components in their constituent line profiles. Here, we present a novel method that employs machine learning techniques to identify the underlying components present within observed spectral lines, before subsequently constraining the constituent profiles through single or multiple Voigt fits. Our method allows active and quiescent components present in spectra to be identified and isolated for subsequent study. Lastly, we employ a Ca II 8542 Å spectral imaging dataset as a proof-of-concept study to benchmark the suitability of our code for extracting two-component atmospheric profiles that are commonly present in sunspot chromospheres. Minimisation tests are employed to validate the reliability of the results, achieving median reduced $χ^2$ values equal to 1.03 between the observed and synthesised umbral line profiles.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures. Improved formatting of abstract and references
THE ROLE OF THE EUROPEAN RESEARCH NETWORKS IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT
Creators: name: Voicilas, Dan Marius
name: Cvijanovic, Gorica
name: Mijajlovic, Nada
name: Voicilas, Dan Marius
name: Cvijanovic, Gorica
name: Mijajlovic, Nada
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: Europe
subject: Networks
subject: Rural Development
subject: Experience

description: The present paper intends to present “a short history” of a young research network established a few years ago. The network has already a European cover and impact. Its activity was very intense and the results over expectations. Moreover, the cohesion among members makes possible the development of the activity for the future. By this article we want to give an example of a “good practice” in this field. Could be an example for other networks, institutes, research centres and researcher of how an idea can become reality.
Delineating the effects of load on temporally dissociable working memory components in schizophrenia
Creators: name: Cairo, Tara A.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis is comprised of two functional MRI experiments, both of which used event-related designs to examine the patterns of activity associated with the temporally separate encoding, delay and response components of a variable-load working memory (WM) task. In experiment one, the patterns of load dependence associated with different components were assessed in healthy subjects. The majority of the regions activated during encoding were found to show a linear increase in activity with load. In contrast, the majority of the regions activated during responding did not show activity that increased linearly with load. In experiment two, we used the design developed in experiment one to delineate the effects of load on each WM component in patients with schizophrenia compared to non-patient controls. Contrasts for the average activity across memory load revealed that the two groups activated similar networks of regions for all components. For encoding, a reduced ability to increase activity with increasing load was found in the schizophrenic group. For the highest load delay condition, a reduced extent of activity was identified in the schizophrenic group in the left parietal cortex, a brain region implicated in short-term storage. For both phases, a greater degree of differential activity was associated with poorer performance, indicating that these activation differences are reflective of the neural abnormalities that underlie WM impairment. These findings support the notion that load dependent WM inefficiencies are present in schizophrenia.
A relational perspective on the Wigner-Araki-Yanase theorem
Creators: name: Loveridge, Leon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel interpretation of the Wigner-Araki-Yanase (WAY) theorem based on a relational view of quantum mechanics. Several models are analysed in detail, backed up by general considerations, which serve to illustrate that the moral of the WAY theorem may be that in the presence of symmetry, a measuring apparatus must fulfil the dual purpose of both reflecting the statistical behaviour of the system under investigation, and acting as a physical reference system serving to define those quantities which must be understood as relative.
description: Version 2 contains some corrections and improvements suggested by an anonymous referee
Aspects of short range correlations in a relativistic model
Creators: name: Panda, P. K.
name: Menezes, D. P.
name: Providência, C.
name: Da Providência, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work short range correlations are introduced for the first time in a relativistic approach to the equation of state of the infinite nuclear matter in the framework of the Hartree-Fock approximation using an effective Hamiltonian derived from the $σ-ω$ Walecka model. The unitary correlation method is used to introduce short range correlations. The effect of the correlations in the ground state properties of the nuclear matter is discussed.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
title: „Die Kinder gehören zur Mutter!?“ – Implizite Genderkonzepte und deren Bedeutung für die Genese von Wohnarrangements und Arbeitsteilung nach einer Trennung
Creators: name: Monz, Anna
name: Cornelißen, Waltraud
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Arbeitsteilung
subject: Care
subject: Gender
subject: Qualitative Forschung
subject: Scheidung
subject: Trennung
subject: Wohnarrangement
subject: ddc:303

description: Trennung und Scheidung bieten Paaren die Möglichkeit, Arbeitsteilungsarrangements neu zu gestalten. Dieser Beitrag zeigt, dass einige zentrale Entscheidungen nicht explizit ausgehandelt werden, sondern sich aus den vormals paarintern als selbstverständlich erachteten Gender-, Beziehungs- und Elternschaftskonzepten ergeben. Dennoch ist im Trennungsprozess eine vorsichtige Modernisierung des Sorge- und Erwerbsarrangements in Richtung einer eher paritätischen Aufteilung der Arbeit unter den Eltern erkennbar. Anhand von vier systematisch ausgewählten Fällen werden vier Muster der Transformation von Arbeitsteilungsarrangements nach einer Trennung rekonstruiert.
QFT Lectures on AdS-CFT
Creators: name: Rehren, Karl-Henning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is discussed to which extent the AdS-CFT correspondence is compatible with fundamental requirements in quantum field theory.
description: 24 pages, Lectures at Zlatibor Summer School on Modern Mathematical Physics, August 2004
Influence of host plant on the wing shape of Bactrocera cucurbitae and Bactrocera tau (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Creators: name: Ganie, Sajad Ahmad
name: Rehman, Sheikh Aafreen
name: Bano, Parveena
name: Tofilski, Adam
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Bactrocera fruit flies are a significant pest of fruits and vegetables. Some of them are polyphagous and show rapid reproduction. Our study evaluated the impact of three host plants: bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria), ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula), and cucumber (Cucumis sativus) on the shape and size of the wings of Bactrocera cucurbitae and B. tau by using geometric morphometrics. The wings of females were significantly larger than those of males, and the wings of B. cucurbitae were significantly smaller than those of B. tau. Individuals feeding on different host plants did not differ significantly in wing size. Wing shape differed significantly both between sexes and between species. Differences in wing shape between males and females were larger than differences between B. cucurbitae and B. tau. Wing shape can be used to identify males and females of the two species without errors. Wing shape differed significantly between males of the two species feeding on cucumber and bottle gourd. Wing shape can be used to identify males of B. cucurbitae and B. tau feeding on those two host plants without errors.
A survey and an extensive evaluation of popular audio declipping methods
Creators: name: Záviška, Pavel
name: Rajmic, Pavel
name: Ozerov, Alexey
name: Rencker, Lucas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Dynamic range limitations in signal processing often lead to clipping, or saturation, in signals. The task of audio declipping is estimating the original audio signal, given its clipped measurements, and has attracted much interest in recent years. Audio declipping algorithms often make assumptions about the underlying signal, such as sparsity or low-rankness, and about the measurement system. In this paper, we provide an extensive review of audio declipping algorithms proposed in the literature. For each algorithm, we present assumptions that are made about the audio signal, the modeling domain, and the optimization algorithm. Furthermore, we provide an extensive numerical evaluation of popular declipping algorithms, on real audio data. We evaluate each algorithm in terms of the Signal-to-Distortion Ratio, and also using perceptual metrics of sound quality. The article is accompanied by a repository containing the evaluated methods.
Finding the Standard Model of Particle Physics, A Combinatorial Problem
Creators: name: Jureit, Jan-H.
name: Stephan, Christoph A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a combinatorial problem which consists in finding irreducible Krajewski diagrams from finite geometries. This problem boils down to placing arrows into a quadratic array with some additional constrains. The Krajewski diagrams play a central role in the description of finite noncommutative geometries. They allow to localise the standard model of particle physics within the set of all Yang-Mills-Higgs models.
The Stellar Mass Assembly of Low Redshift, Massive, Central Galaxies in SDSS and the TNG300 simulation
Creators: name: Jackson, Thomas M.
name: Pasquali, A.
name: Pacifici, C.
name: Engler, C.
name: Pillepich, A.
name: Grebel, E. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stellar mass assembly of galaxies can be affected by both secular and environmental processes. In this study, for the first time, we investigate the stellar mass assembly of $\sim90,000$ low redshift, central galaxies selected from SDSS group catalogues (M$_{\rm Stellar}\gtrsim10^{9.5}$M$_{\odot}$, M$_{\rm Halo}\gtrsim10^{12}$M$_{\odot}$) as a function of both stellar and halo mass. We use estimates of the times at which 10, 50 and 90 per cent of the stellar mass was assembled from photometric spectral energy distribution fitting, allowing a more complete investigation than single stellar ages alone. We consider trends in both stellar and halo mass simultaneously, finding dependencies of all assembly times on both. We find that galaxies with higher stellar masses (at constant halo mass) have on average older lookback times, similar to previous studies of galaxy assembly. We also find that galaxies at higher halo mass (at constant stellar mass) have younger lookback times, possibly due to a larger reservoir of gas for star formation. An exception to this is a sub sample with high stellar-to-halo mass ratios, which are likely massive, field spirals. We compare these observed trends to those predicted by the TNG300 simulation, finding good agreement overall as a function of either stellar or halo mass. However, some differences in the assembly times (of up to $\sim 3$ Gyr) appear when considering both stellar and halo mass simultaneously, noticeably at intermediate stellar masses (M$_{\rm Stellar} \sim 10^{11}$ M$_{\odot}$). These discrepancies are possibly linked to the quenched fraction of galaxies and the kinetic mode AGN feedback implemented in TNG300.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, Accepted for publication MNRAS
“SOCIAL AGRICULTURE”: A PATTERN BETWEEN FARM INNOVATION, SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND MULTIFUNCTIONALITY
Creators: name: Macri, Maria Carmela
name: Perito, Maria Angela
name: Macri, Maria Carmela
name: Perito, Maria Angela
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Social agriculture
subject: Innovation
subject: Corporate Social Responsibility
subject: Multifunctionality of Agriculture

description: Rural context and agricultural process are assuming growing credibility as a mean to promote well being and social inclusion in the population as a whole. Fattoria solidale del Circeo” constitutes one of the many examples of social agriculture that have risen in the recent years in Italy. Differently from the general case, it is a large farm which is moving from a conventional an intensive farming system to another model, without abandoning its entrepreneurial nature. Even if it is not easy to assign a theoretic paradigm, it could be useful both in order to understand it and to give correct instruments to policy makers. So we can try to put the Fattoria Solidale del Circeo’s experience in a theoretic context. It seems to us that at least three different models can be applied: the well-established Schumpeterian model of innovation; the Corporate Social Responsibility, the Multifunctionality of agriculture.
title: Geschlechterunterschiede bei Karrierewegen von FachhochschulprofessorInnen: eine empirische Bestandsaufnahme
Creators: name: Sembritzki, Thorben
name: Thiele, Lisa
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Berufungsverfahren
subject: Fachhochschule
subject: Frauenförderung
subject: Hochschule
subject: Karriere
subject: Karriereweg
subject: Professur
subject: ddc:370

description: Der Beitrag untersucht geschlechtsbezogene Unterschiede bei der Besetzung von Professuren an Fachhochschulen, etwa mit Blick auf die Zahlen von Frauen und Männern, die sich bewerben, ihre vorangegangenen Karrierewege und Bewerbungsmotive, den Ausstieg oder Ausschluss aus dem Verfahren, die mit der Annahme der Professur verbundene Veränderung der persönlichen finanziellen Situation und die erreichte Arbeitszufriedenheit. Der Untersuchung liegt ein exploratives Mixed-Methods-Design zugrunde, das qualitative ExpertInneninterviews mit quantitativen Analysen von Daten aus Berufungsakten und einer Online-Befragung von neu berufenen StelleninhaberInnen verbindet. Dabei zeigt sich, dass Frauen insgesamt kürzere Zeiten der beruflichen Praxis angeben als Männer, insbesondere in der Privatwirtschaft, und der Wechsel auf eine FH-Professur für sie eher mit dem Erreichen einer höheren Position und eines besseren Einkommens verbunden ist. Zum Schluss werden bestehende Forschungslücken identifiziert und mögliche Ansätze für weiterführende Forschung zum Karriereweg FH-Professur sowie zu Berufungsverfahren diskutiert.