cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Poison Pill in Japan: The Missing Infrastructure
Creators: name: Gilson, Ronald J.
Publisher: name: Columbia Business Law Review
Year: 2004

description: The coming of hostile takeovers to Japan has been anticipated, and anticipated, and anticipated. Each report of a reduction in the size of crossholdings among Japanese companies and in the size of Japanese bank stockholdings in their clients has given rise to an expectation that now, at last, hostile offers would emerge. It is not surprising that commentators looked forward, optimistically, to the arrival of a potentially disruptive takeover technique. The extended Japanese recession, together with management resistance to internally implemented restructurings and the barriers to externally imposed restructurings, has created the potential for substantial private and social gain from rationalizing production. Nonetheless, in Japan the much anticipated hostile takeovers did not materialize. In turn, the absence of takeovers resulted in little clamor for defensive tactics; without a threat on the horizon, no demand for protection developed. A number of events now suggest that the long wait for hostile transactions in Japan may be approaching its end. The combination of crossholdings, bank holdings and governmental stasis that has frozen Japanese corporate governance leaves hostile takeovers as one of the few external mechanisms for systemic change that existing institutions do not block or at least greatly impede. Most important, the institutional infrastructure that ultimately reduced the defensive impact of the poison pill in the United States does not now exist in Japan. Thus, the poison pill has the potential to be greatly more pernicious in Japan than it has been in the United States, both because of the absence of ameliorating institutions in Japan, and because the impact is likely to be greater because in Japan the forces for change in industrial organization outside the market for corporate control are significantly less strong than in the U.S.
description: Columbia Business Law Review, Vol. 2004 No. 1
Poison Pill in Japan
Creators: name: Kawei, Satoshi
Publisher: name: Columbia Business Law Review
Year: 2004

description: Due to an extended economic downturn, Japanese corporations have started selling their cross-held shares, which has increased the amount of floating stock released into the market. Also, Japanese corporate law has undergone significant changes, including the relaxation of corporate restructuring and strengthening of corporate governance, making it more difficult for management to reject hostile offers with a significant premium. Based upon these two factors, the risk of hostile acquisition is now becoming “real” for Japanese corporations. In response to the increased possibility of hostile acquisitions in Japan, academics and practitioners have been discussing defensive measures. In almost all cases, the discussions refer to defensive measures employed in the United States, with the poison pill being mentioned in particular because it is the most popular and effective type of defensive measure. In this paper, I would like to discuss the legal issues relating to the poison pill in the context of Japanese law and present possible versions of the Japanese poison pill.
description: Columbia Business Law Review, Vol. 2004 No. 1
Prescribing the Pill in Japan? Foreword to the Hostile M&A Conference Issue
Creators: name: Milhaupt, Curtis J.
Publisher: name: Columbia Business Law Review
Year: 2004

description: Contrary to popular belief, corporate Japan is changing–incrementally, to be sure, but changing nonetheless. One of the areas of greatest potential change is the legal and business environment for mergers and acquisitions (“M&A”), including hostile M&A. Recent amendments to Japan’s Commercial Code in the areas of stock swaps and divestitures are helping to facilitate M&A transactions. At the same time, the constellation of shareholders in Japanese firms is changing as cross-shareholding declines and foreign investment increases. M&A activity in Japan has increased significantly in recent years. While virtually all of the recent deals have been friendly, there have been several prominent examples of unsolicited bids, by both foreign and Japanese bidders. In the space of a few years, hostile takeovers of Japanese firms have gone from the unthinkable to the distinctly possible. It is possible that over the next few years, such transactions will become a small but meaningful feature of the Japanese corporate governance landscape. The symposium was designed to achieve a deeper understanding of the current legal and business environments for hostile M&A and defensive measures in Japan, and to glean possible lessons from the U.S. experience with hostile takeovers.
description: Columbia Business Law Review, Vol. 2004 No. 1
A Case for Competitive Bidding for Lead Counsel in Securities Class Actions
Creators: name: Tuxbury, James L.
Publisher: name: Columbia Business Law Review
Year: 2003

description: If there’s one thing lawyers seem to hate, it’s competition. Or it would at least seem that way by the array of lawyers who have spoken out against any process of competitive bidding in the selection of lead counsel in securities class actions. This chorus has grown in strength in the face of a recent Third Circuit decision and Ninth Circuit decision. The Third Circuit held that competitive bidding for the position of lead counsel of a securities class action was generally not permitted under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (‘PSLRA‘). On the heels of that decision, the Ninth Circuit recently decided that the district court erred in appointing class counsel based primarily on a showing of differences in potential attorney fees. The question is, after these decisions, what role, if any, does competitive bidding play in the selection of lead counsel in securities class actions? This note will argue that competitive bidding should not be relegated to rare situations as the Third Circuit found appropriate under the PSLRA. Rather, an interpretation of the PSLRA that forbids competitive bidding is bad policy, and the PSLRA should be amended to allow the presiding judge to exercise his or her discretion to protect absent class members and insure a meaningful adequate representation test for the lead plaintiff in terms of negotiations with lead counsel. The decision to apply an exacting level of scrutiny to the relationship between the lead plaintiff and lead counsel should not be made in every case. Rather, the court must evaluate the general characteristics of the case, and make a determination as to the complexity of the particular issues. In the ‘ideal‘ cases, described in the next paragraphs, the court must apply a more exacting scrutiny of the adequacy of the lead plaintiff to competitively negotiate with lead counsel, or be willing to step in and perform their own competitive bidding process.
description: Columbia Business Law Review, Vol. 2003 No. 1
Additional file 2 of Early exposure to infections increases the risk of allergic rhinitis—a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Chen, JunRong
name: Liu, Xiaohua
name: Liu, Zixin
name: Zhou, Yaqian
name: Xie, Li
name: Zhang, Jialin
name: Tan, Jin
name: Yang, Yide
name: Tian, Mei
name: Dong, Yunpeng
name: Li, Jian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Listof excluded studies with reasons for exclusion.
Theoretical study of the experimentally important states of dysprosium
Creators: name: Dzuba, V. A.
name: Flambaum, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Configuration interaction method is used to calculate transition amplitudes and other properties of the low states of dysprosium which are used in cooling and in study of the time variation of the fine structure constant and violation of fundamental symmetries. The branching ratio for the cooling state to decay to states other than ground state is found to be smaller than $10^{-4}$. The matrix element of the weak interaction between degenerate states at $E=19797.96$ cm$^{-1}$ is about 2 Hz which is consistent with the experimental limit $|H_W| = |2.3 \pm 2.9({\rm statistical}) \pm 0.7({\rm systematic})|$ Hz [A. T. Nguyen, D. Budker, D. DeMille, and M. Zolotorev, Phys. Rev. A {\bf 56}, 3453 (1997)] and points to feasibility of its experimental measurement. Applications include search for physics beyond the standard model using the PNC isotopic chain approach.
description: 5 pages, 5 tables, no figures
Hamiltonian circle actions with minimal isolated fixed points
Creators: name: Li, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D05, 53D20, 55N25, 57R20, 32H02, 14J70

description: Let the circle act in a Hamiltonian fashion on a compact symplectic manifold $(M, ω)$ of dimension $2n$. Then the $S^1$-action has at least $n+1$ fixed points. We study the case when the fixed point set consists of precisely $n+1$ isolated points. We first show certain equivalence on the first Chern class of $M$ and some particular weight of the $S^1$-action at some fixed point. Then we show that the particular weight can completely determine the integral cohomology ring of $M$, the total Chern class of $M$, and the sets of weights of the $S^1$-action at all the fixed points. We will see that all these data are isomorphic to those of known examples, $\CP^n$, or $\Gt_2(\R^{n+2})$ with $n\geq 3$ odd, equipped with standard circle actions.
description: title is slightly changed. Some contents are changed
On a singular variety associated to a polynomial mapping from $\C^n$ to $\C^{n-1}$
Creators: name: Thuy, Nguyen Thi Bich
name: Ruas, Maria Aparecida Soares
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We construct a singular variety ${\mathcal{V}}_G$ associated to a polynomial mapping $G : \C^{n} \to \C^{n - 1}$ where $n \geq 2$. We prove that in the case $G : \C^{3} \to \C^{2}$, if $G$ is a local submersion but is not a fibration, then the homology and the intersection homology with total perversity (with compact supports or closed supports) in dimension two of the variety ${\mathcal{V}}_G$ is not trivial. In the case of a local submersion $G : \C^{n} \to \C^{n - 1}$ where $n \geq 4$, the result is still true with an additional condition.
The proper characteristics of frame reference as a 4-invariants
Creators: name: Voytik, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper proposes 4-dimensional equations for the proper characteristics of a rigid reference frame \[ {{{W}'}^{γ}}=Λ^{0}_{\;\;i}\frac{dΛ^{γi}}{d{t}}\,\,,\] \[ {{{Ω}'}^{γ}}=-\frac{1}{2}\,{{e}^{αμγ}}Λ_{\;\;i}^{μ}\frac{d{{Λ}^{αi}}}{d{t}}\,\,.\] From these conditions follow the law of motion of the proper tetrad and the equations of the inverse problem of kinematics, i.e., differential equations that solve the problem of restoring the motion parameters of a rigid reference frame from known proper acceleration and angular velocity. In particular, it is shown that when boosted, a moving reference frame that has proper Thomas precession relative to the new laboratory frame will have a combination of two rotations: the new Thomas proper precession and the Wigner rotation, which together give the original frequency of Thomas precession $$ \frac{1-\sqrt{1-v^{2}}}{v^{2}\sqrt{1-v^{2}}}\,\,e^{βμν}v^μ\dot{v}^ν=ω'^β_{W} + b^{βα}_{W}\,\frac{1-\sqrt{1-v^{*2}}}{v^{*2}\sqrt{1-v^{*2}}}\,\,e^{αμν}v^{*μ}\dot{v}^{*ν}\,.$$
description: 12 pages
A remark on a polynomial mapping from $\C^n$ to $\C^n$
Creators: name: Thuy, Nguyen Thi Bich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide relations of the results obtained in the articles \cite{ThuyCidinha} and \cite{VuiThang}. Moreover, we provides some examples to illustrate these relations, using the software {\it Maple} to complete the complicate calculations of the examples. We give some discussions on these relations.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1503.08079
The QSO HE0450-2958: Scantily dressed or heavily robed? A normal quasar as part of an unusual ULIRG
Creators: name: Jahnke, Knud
name: Elbaz, David
name: Pantin, Eric
name: Böhm, Asmus
name: Wisotzki, Lutz
name: Letawe, Geraldine
name: Chantry, Virginie
name: Lagage, Pierre-Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) The luminous z=0.286 quasar HE0450-2958 is interacting with a companion galaxy at 6.5 kpc distance and the whole system is a ULIRG. A so far undetected host galaxy triggered the hypothesis of a mostly "naked" black hole (BH) ejected from the companion by three-body interaction. We present new HST/NICMOS 1.6micron imaging data at 0.1" resolution and VLT/VISIR 11.3micron images at 0.35" resolution that for the first time resolve the system in the near- and mid-infrared. We combine these with existing optical HST and CO maps. (i) At 1.6micron we find an extension N-E of the quasar nucleus that is likely a part of the host galaxy, though not its main body. If true, this places HE0450-2958 directly onto the M_BH-M_bulge-relation for nearby galaxies. (ii) HE0450-2958 is consistent with lying at the high-luminosity end of Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxies, and more exotic explanations like a "naked quasar" are unlikely. (iii) All 11.3micron radiation in the system is emitted by the quasar nucleus, which is radiating at super-Eddington rate, L/L_Edd=6.2+3.8-1.8, or 12 M_sun/yr. (iv) The companion galaxy is covered in optically thick dust and is not a collisional ring galaxy. It emits in the far infrared at ULIRG strength, powered by Arp220-like star formation (strong starburst-like). An M82-like SED is ruled out. (v) With its black hole accretion rate HE0450-2958 produces not enough new stars to maintain its position on the M_BH-M_bulge-relation, and star formation and black hole accretion are spatially disjoint; the bulge has to grow by redistribution of preexisting stars. (vi) Systems similar to HE0450-2958 with spatially disjoint ULIRG-strength star formation and quasar activity are rare. At z<0.43 we only find <4% (3/77) candidates for a similar configuration.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
SETTLEMENT OF DEFAULT BY THE DEBTOR ON THE CREDIT AGREEMENT
Creators: name: BAGUS IKHWAN CHRISTIAN
name: ACHMAD BUSRO
name: BAMBANG EKO TURISNO
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Settlement, Default, Debtor, Agreement, Credit.

description: Abstract
The purpose of this study is to analyze:  1) What is the legal basis of credit agreements?   2) How is the settlement of default by the debtor on the credit agreement? The research method used is normative juridical with a statutory approach, concept approach, and case studies. The results showed that: 1) Based on Article 1 number 11 of Law Number 10 of 1998 concerning Amendments to Law Number 7 of 1992 concerning Banking explained the definition of Credit: "Credit is the provision of money or bills that can be likened to it, based on an agreement or loan agreement between a bank and another party that requires the borrower to pay off its debt after a certain period of time with a grant interest". In the provisions of the article, what is meant by agreement or loan agreement is a form of credit agreement where the agreement must be made in writing. 2) If the debtor remains unwilling or unable to fulfill the credit agreement, then the debtor can be sued by the creditor through the District Court on the basis of default. In certain circumstances, the Bank as a creditor can also carry out Parate Execution, which is the execution of collateral objects without going through the determination of the Chief Justice of the District Court.
Prospects for dark matter detection with IceCube in the context of the CMSSM
Creators: name: Trotta, R.
name: de Austri, R. Ruiz
name: Heros, C. Pérez de los
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study in detail the ability of the nominal configuration of the IceCube neutrino telescope (with 80 strings) to probe the parameter space of the Constrained MSSM (CMSSM) favoured by current collider and cosmological data. Adopting conservative assumptions about the galactic halo model and the expected experiment performance, we find that IceCube has a probability between 2% and 12% of achieving a 5sigma detection of dark matter annihilation in the Sun, depending on the choice of priors for the scalar and gaugino masses and on the astrophysical assumptions. We identify the most important annihilation channels in the CMSSM parameter space favoured by current constraints, and we demonstrate that assuming that the signal is dominated by a single annihilation channel canlead to large systematic errors in the inferred WIMP annihilation cross section. We demonstrate that ~ 66% of the CMSSM parameter space violates the equilibrium condition between capture and annihilation in the center of the Sun. By cross-correlating our predictions with direct detection methods, we conclude that if IceCube does detect a neutrino flux from the Sun at high significance while direct detection experiments do not find a signal above a spin-independent cross section sigma_SI^p larger than 5x10^{-9} pb, the CMSSM will be strongly disfavoured, given standard astrophysical assumptions for the WIMP distribution. This result is robust with respect to a change of priors. We argue that the proposed low-energy DeepCore extension of IceCube will be an ideal instrument to focus on relevant CMSSM areas of parameter space.
description: 32 pages, 12 figures. Updated discussion of comparison with direct detection. References added. Main results unchanged. Matches version accepted by JCAP
Recent Delaware Decisions May Prove to be “Entirely Unfair” to Minority Shareholders in Parent Merger with Partially Owned Subsidiary
Creators: name: Resnick, Brian M.
Publisher: name: Columbia Business Law Review
Year: 2003

description: Two Delaware cases that were decided in the summer of 2001 strip a target’s minority shareholders of the protections afforded them by an entire fairness review in the context of a parent company’s acquisition of a partially owned subsidiary through a tender offer followed by a back-end short-form merger. In In re Siliconix Inc. Shareholders Litigation, a class action lawsuit, Delaware Vice Chancellor John Noble held that a unilateral tender offer (whether a cash offer or a stock-for-stock exchange offer) by a parent for a subsidiary does not invoke the entire fairness doctrine, principally because the transaction does not involve a merger requiring any action from the target’s board of directors. In Glassman v. Unocal Exploration Corp., handed down a month later, the Delaware Supreme Court held that in a short-form merger pursuant to title 8, section 253 of the Delaware Code, the ‘parent corporation does not have to establish entire fairness, and, absent fraud or illegality, the only recourse for a minority stockholder who is dissatisfied with the merger consideration is appraisal.‘ As a result of these two decisions, it appears that a parent company can freeze out the minority without ever having to satisfy an entire fairness review by first engaging in a tender offer, and subsequently executing a short-form merger.
description: Columbia Business Law Review, Vol. 2003 No. 1
An algorithm to classify the asymptotic set associated to a polynomial mapping
Creators: name: Thuy, Nguyen Thi Bich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide an algorithm to classify the asymptotic sets of the dominant polynomial mappings $F: \C^3 \to \C^3$ of degree 2, using the definition of the so-called "{\it façons}" in \cite{Thuy}. We obtain a classification theorem for the asymptotic sets of dominant polynomial mappings $F: \C^3 \to \C^3$ of degree 2. This algorithm can be generalized for the dominant polynomial mappings $F: \C^n \to \C^n$ of degree $d$, with any $(n, d) \in {(\N^*)}^2$.
The interplay between gene regulatory networks and cell signaling: engineering the collective behaviour
Creators: name: Heydari, Tiam
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2025

description: This thesis explores two key aspects of stem cell research and gene regulation. The first part introduces IQCELL, a platform that I developed to analyze single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data and infer executable logical Gene Regulatory Networks (GRNs). By simulating these GRNs, IQCELL enables the investigation of developmental programs and aids in the development of strategies to manipulate stem cell fate. The architecture of IQCELL is described, followed by its application to scRNA-seq datasets from early mouse T-cell and red blood cell development. The results demonstrate that IQCELL can accurately infer a substantial portion (over 74%) of previously reported causal gene interactions and simulate the effects of known gene perturbations. Additionally, an IQCELL gene selection pipeline is implemented, allowing the identification of candidate genes without prior knowledge. The simulations based on the inferred gene set yield comparable results to the original curated lists. The second part of the thesis focuses on characterizing the collective order of stem cells based on their entropy levels and the relationship between ordered system states. Specifically, the research explores the impact of cell density and Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 (BMP4) ligands on the coordinated state of stem cells. Through analyzing the dynamics of gene expression, a minimal functional mathematical model of colonies is developed. This model serves to identify and implement mechanisms for controlling collective outcomes in stem cell colonies. By leveraging the insights gained from gene expression dynamics, the research provides a means to manipulate the collective behavior of stem cells. By combining these two approaches, the thesis offers a comprehensive framework for studying stem cell fate determination. The IQCELL platform facilitates the inference and simulation of GRNs, providing insights into the underlying gene interactions, while the analysis of collective order and gene expression dynamics enhances our understanding of how stem cells coordinate and respond to environmental cues. Together, these findings contribute to the advancement of stem cell research and the development of strategies for controlling stem cell fate.
Decade time-scale modulation of low mass X-ray binaries
Creators: name: Durant, Martin
name: Cornelisse, Remon
name: Remillard, Ron
name: Levine, Alan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Regular observations by the All Sky Monitor aboard the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer satellite have yielded well-sampled light-curves with a time baseline of over ten years. We find that up to eight of the sixteen brightest persistent low mass X-ray binaries show significant, possible sinusoidal, variations with periods of order ten years. We speculate on its possible origin and prevalence in the population of low mass X-ray binaries and we find the presence of a third object in the system, or long-period variability intrinsic to the donor star, as being attractive origins for the X-ray flux modulation we detect. For some of the objects in which we do not detect a signal, there is substantial short-term variation which may hide modest modulation on long time-scales. Decade time-scale modulations may thus be even more common.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables. Accepted by MNRAS
Multi-Phase and Multi-Component Reactive Transport in the Earth's interior
Creators: name: Oliveira Bravo, Benat
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Multi-Phase Multi-Component Reactive Transport (MPMCRT) controls a number of important complex geodynamic/geochemical problems, such as melt generation and percolation, metasomatism, rheological weakening, magmatic differentiation, ore emplacement, and fractionation of chemical elements, to name a few. These interacting processes occur over very different spatial and temporal scales and under very different physico-chemical conditions. Therefore, there is a strong motivation in geodynamics for investigating the equations governing MPMCRT, their mathematical structure and properties, and the numerical techniques necessary to obtain reliable and accurate results.
In this thesis we attempt to outline the basic conceptual and numerical frameworks to solve multiscale MPMCRT problems in the Earth's interior. The numerical model is based on two main ingredients: 1) a general and scalable multi-phase approach based on Ensemble Averaging Theory, coupled with 2) a sound chemical thermodynamic framework for the reactive and chemical transport phenomena. Our approach combines rigorous solutions to the conservation equations (mass, energy and momentum) for each dynamic phase (instead of the more common mixturetype approach) within the context of classical irreversible thermodynamics. This is achieved via a novel particle-based Lagrangian-Eulerian Finite Element algorithm developed here, which allows for accurate tracking of phases (even in the presence of sharp fronts), and the reactions between them, valid over a wide spectrum of scales and problems. Interfacial processes such as phase changes, chemical diffusion+reaction and surface tension effects, as well as visco-elasto-plastic rheologies and REE disequilibrium partitioning are explicitly incorporated in the context of ensemble averaging. Phase assemblages, mineral and melt compositions, and all other physical parameters of the multiphase system are obtained through dynamic free-energy minimization procedures. The present numerical framework provides a reliable platform that can be used not only to study the dynamics and feedbacks of multi-phase systems of different nature and scales (the predictive forward problem) but also the possibility of making realistic comparisons with both geophysical and geochemical data sets.
Partially abelian representations of knot groups
Creators: name: Cho, Yunhi
name: Yoon, Seokbeom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A knot complement admits a pseudo-hyperbolic structure by solving Thurston's gluing equations for an octahedral decomposition. It is known that a solution to these equations can be described in terms of region variables, also called $w$-variables. In this paper, we consider the case when pinched octahedra appear as a boundary parabolic solution in the decomposition. A $w$-solution with pinched octahedra induces a solution for a new knot obtained by changing the crossing or inserting a tangle at the pinched place. We discuss this phenomenon with corresponding holonomy representations and give some examples including ones obtained from connected sum.
description: 11 pages
The Hawking radiation in massive gravity: Path integral and the Bogoliubov method
Creators: name: Arraut, Ivan
name: Segovia, Carlos
name: Rosado, Wilson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove the consistency of the different approaches for deriving the black-hole radiation for the spherically symmetric case inside the theory of Massive Gravity. By comparing the results obtained by using the Bogoliubov transformations with those obtained by using the Path-Integral formulation, we find that in both cases the presence of the extra-degrees of freedom create the effect of extra-particles creation due to the distorsions on the definitions of time defined by the different observers at large scales. This however does not mean extra-particle creation at the horizon level. Instead, the apparent additional particles perceived at large scales, emerge from the way distant observers define their time coordinate, which is distorted due to the existence of extra-degrees of freedom.
description: Published version
Studies on the importance of creatine during pregnancy for the mother and newborn
Creators: name: Ellery, Stacey Joan
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The primary focus of this thesis was the use of the spiny mouse to model birth asphyxia-induced neonatal Acute Kidney Injury (AKI). Understanding what effect birth asphyxia has on the neonatal kidney at a molecular, structural and functional level, determining if deficits persist into adulthood, and the potential for intervention using maternal creatine supplementation, were important goals. The work in this thesis also characterised maternal creatine homeostasis during late pregnancy, to assess the potential role of creatine as a cellular energy buffer in the placenta, fetus and maternal tissues during gestation. Finally, studies in this thesis assessed the effects of maternal dietary creatine supplementation from mid-gestation on maternal weight gain, kidney function, and maternal de novo creatine synthesis, to establish if maternal dietary creatine supplementation is safe for the mother, an imperative first step before creatine can be considered further as a treatment to prevent the adverse outcomes of birth asphyxia in pregnant women. Results reported in this thesis provide evidence to this point and allow evaluation for the further development of a creatine treatment regime that could be applied in many obstetric populations.
Electric g Tensor Control and Spin Echo of a Hole-Spin Qubit in a Quantum Dot Molecule
Creators: name: Roloff, Robert
name: Eissfeller, Thomas
name: Vogl, Peter
name: Pötz, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The feasibility of high-fidelity single-qubit operations of a hole spin in a quantum dot molecule by electric g tensor control is demonstrated. Apart from a constant external magnetic field the proposed scheme allows for an exclusively electric control of the hole spin. Realistic electric gate bias profiles are identified for various qubit operations using process-tomography-based optimal control. They are shown to be remarkably robust against decoherence and dissipation arising from the interaction of the hole with host-lattice nuclear spins and phonons, with a fidelity loss of $\approx$ 1 percent for gate operation times of $\approx 10$ ns. Spin-echo experiments for the hole spin are modeled to explore dephasing mechanisms and the role of pulse-timing imperfections on the gate fidelity loss is discussed.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, revtex4
O Teorema de Poincare-Hopf
Creators: name: Brasselet, Jean-Paul
name: Thuy, Nguyen Thi Bich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Poincare-Hopf Theorem is one of the most used in other areas of science. There are applications of the Poincare-Hopf Theorem in physics, chemistry, biology and even in economics, psychology, etc ... The Poincare-Hopf Theorem connects an invariant of combinatorial, the character of Euler-Poincare to an invariant of differential geometry, index of vector fields. The results that connect two very different areas of mathematics can be considered as the most beautiful, useful and fruitful.
description: in Portuguese
Augmenting the Duties of Directors to Protect Minority Shareholders in the Context of Going-Private Transactions: The Case for Obligating Directors to Express a Valuation Opinion in Unilateral Tender Offers After Siliconix, Aquila and Pure Resources
Creators: name: Cannon, Kimble
Publisher: name: Columbia Business Law Review
Year: 2003

description: This article addresses the threat posed by unilateral tender offers initiated by controlling shareholders. First, the article will examine why it is particularly compelling today for majority shareholders to acquire the remaining stock in the public companies they control. Second, the article will address the process for taking a company private and the various deal structures that can be employed. Third, the article will review the standard of conduct governing directors in various related-party transactions. Fourth, the article will discuss both recent Delaware judicial decisions making it easier for directors to sit on the sidelines while controlling shareholders use the inherently coercive tender offer process to force minority shareholders into accepting below-value offers for their shares, and recent Delaware case law rejecting this trend. Finally, the article concludes by proposing significant changes to the rules governing directorial duties to minority shareholders in the context of controlling-shareholder initiated unilateral tender offers.
description: Columbia Business Law Review, Vol. 2003 No. 1
Stackelberg Network Pricing is Hard to Approximate
Creators: name: Joret, Gwenaël
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the Stackelberg Network Pricing problem, one has to assign tariffs to a certain subset of the arcs of a given transportation network. The aim is to maximize the amount paid by the user of the network, knowing that the user will take a shortest st-path once the tariffs are fixed. Roch, Savard, and Marcotte (Networks, Vol. 46(1), 57-67, 2005) proved that this problem is NP-hard, and gave an O(log m)-approximation algorithm, where m denote the number of arcs to be priced. In this note, we show that the problem is also APX-hard.
Differential complexes and Hodge theory on log-symplectic manifolds
Creators: name: Ran, Ziv
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J40, 32G07, 32J27, 53D17

description: We study certain complexes of differential forms, including reverse de Rham complexes, on (real or complex) Poisson manifolds, especially holomorphic log-symplectic ones. We relate these to the degeneracy divisor and rank loci of the Poisson bivector. In some good holomorphic cases we compute the local cohomology of these complexes. In the Kahlerian case, we deduce a relation between the multiplicity loci of the degeneracy divisor and the Hodge numbers of the manifold. We also show that vanishing of one of these Hodge numbers is related tounobstructed deformations of the normalized degeneracy divisor with its induced Poisson structure.
description: to appear in Asian J. Math
On classical tensor categories attached to the irreducible representations of the General Linear Supergroups $GL(n\vert n)$
Creators: name: Heidersdorf, Thorsten
name: Weissauer, Rainer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 17B10, 17B20, 17B55, 18D10, 20G05

description: We study the quotient of $\mathcal{T}_n = Rep(GL(n|n))$ by the tensor ideal of negligible morphisms. If we consider the full subcategory $\mathcal{T}_n^+$ of $\mathcal{T}_n$ of indecomposable summands in iterated tensor products of irreducible representations up to parity shifts, its quotient is a semisimple tannakian category $Rep(H_n)$ where $H_n$ is a pro-reductive algebraic group. We determine the connected derived subgroup $G_n \subset H_n$ and the groups $G_λ = (H_λ^0)_{der}$ corresponding to the tannakian subcategory in $Rep(H_n)$ generated by an irreducible representation $L(λ)$. This gives structural information about the tensor category $Rep(GL(n|n))$, including the decomposition law of a tensor product of irreducible representations up to summands of superdimension zero. Some results are conditional on a hypothesis on $2$-torsion in $π_0(H_n)$.
description: v6: changes in Section 11.7 and 11.8. v5: Replaced former lemma A.7 with Theorem B.3 in the new appendix B. v4: We proved a conjecture on determinants from an earlier version of the paper. This allowed us to extend the results on the groups $H_n$ considerably. v3: Minor changes. v2: Minor changes: Removed typos, added Corollaries 5.12, 5.13, 5.14
Stopping the Enron End-Runs and Other Trick Plays: The Book-Tax Accounting Conformity Defense
Creators: name: Luppino, Anthony J.
Publisher: name: Columbia Business Law Review
Year: 2003

description: In accounting for business transactions in the United States, it has long been the case that keeping two different sets of books (one for financial reporting and one for income tax reporting) is permissible and ‘generally accepted.‘ A company can often effect a transaction that in economic substance begins at ‘point A‘ and ends at ‘point B,‘ but account for the path taken in one manner in its financial statements and in a markedly different manner in the company’s income tax returns. Three prominent examples of this accounting divergence that have recently become subject to public scrutiny (and head scratching) are: ‘synthetic leases‘ of real estate (where a company claims to ‘own‘ financed property for income tax purposes, but claims to be a mere ‘tenant‘ under an ‘operating lease‘ for financial accounting purposes); ‘off-balance sheet‘ partnerships (one of Enron’s financial accounting ‘end runs‘ under which, among other things, a company in effective control of a partnership may claim responsibility for all or part of the partnership’s liabilities in its income tax reporting, but exclude such liabilities from its balance sheet for financial statement purposes); and accounting for the grant and exercise of compensatory ‘nonqualified‘ employee stock options at a bargain price (whereby a tax deduction is recognized for the compensation represented by the bargain element of the transaction, but financial accounting under U.S. ‘generally accepted accounting principles‘ (‘GAAP‘) has failed to require that a charge be taken against the employer’s income in its financial statements).
description: Columbia Business Law Review, Vol. 2003 No. 1
Arbitration in the Corporate Context
Creators: name: Becker, Julie K.
name: Soderquist, Larry
Publisher: name: Columbia Business Law Review
Year: 2003

description: Those involved in corporations easily perceive the efficiency and cost advantages in arbitration over litigation. Efficiency is gained through informality of procedural and evidentiary rules, as well as limited discovery. Unlike a judge, the arbitrator or arbitration panel is selected by the parties and typically will be an expert in the relevant field, saving the costs of educating a judge or jury about the factual setting and increasing the parties’ confidence that a sensible result will be reached. Arbitration can be particularly effective when the parties have an ongoing relationship, as it avoids the entrenchment created by the adversarial stance of protracted litigation. Parties may also have a sense that any unfairness in a given arbitral award will be equalized over the life of the relationship. Less apparent, however, is that most of these advantages have substantial negative implications as well. In the interest of speedy adjudication, an arbitral decision is normally rendered without an opinion. Experts chosen by the parties for their familiarity with the subject matter are rarely experts in the law, and in any event are not bound to follow the law at all. Though limited discovery saves time and money, it hinders a party’s ability to develop facts. This can be critically important. Furthermore, judicial review is extremely limited in scope and extraordinarily deferential to arbitrators. This lack of meaningful recourse to the courts after binding arbitration greatly increases the threat of permanent harm from repeat player bias and other fairness concerns.
description: Columbia Business Law Review, Vol. 2003 No. 1
My pandemic news is better than yours: audience perceptions of early news coverage about Covid-19
Creators: name: Perryman, Mallory R.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This study focuses on how American audiences perceived news coverage during the early days of the Covid-19 pandemic in the United States. Through a survey-experiment of news consumers (N = 767) over a three-day period in mid-March 2020, this study shows that citizens had positive attitudes toward their own Covid-19 news sources, but were critical about the news sources others were using to get information about the virus. Data reveal evidence of presumed media influence, where audiences believed others’ health behaviors were being influenced by pandemic news.
A Geometric Approach to the Modified Milnor Problem
Creators: name: Chen, Lina
name: Rong, Xiaochun
name: Xu, Shicheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C21, 53C23, 20F34, 20F18, 20E07

description: The Milnor Problem (modified) in the theory of group growth asks whether any finite presented group of vanishing algebraic entropy has at most polynomial growth. We show that a positive answer to the Milnor Problem (modified) is equivalent to the Nilpotency Conjecture in Riemannian geometry: given $n, d>0$, there exists a constant $ε(n,d)>0$ such that if a compact Riemannian $n$-manifold $M$ satisfies that Ricci curvature $\op{Ric}_M\ge -(n-1)$, diameter $d\ge \op{diam}(M)$ and volume entropy $h(M)<ε(n,d)$, then the fundamental group $π_1(M)$ is virtually nilpotent. We will verify the Nilpotency Conjecture in some cases, and we will verify the vanishing gap phenomena for more cases i.e., if $h(M)<ε(n,d)$, then $h(M)=0$.
description: 25 pages
Additional file 2 of A simple and effective method to purify and activate T cells for successful generation of chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells from patients with high monocyte count
Creators: name: Wang, Haiying
name: Tsao, Shih-Ting
name: Gu, Mingyuan
name: Fu, Chengbing
name: He, Feng
name: Li, Xiu
name: Zhang, Mian
name: Li, Na
name: Hu, Hong-Ming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Cell-bead co-incubation duration is not critical in the T-cell selection process. The cell-bead co-incubation time, ranging from 30 minutes to 60 minutes, during T cell selection did not affect T cell activation, CAR-T proliferation, and CAR transduction efficiency. (a) CD25 expression percentage in CD3+ cells, (b) CD69 expression percentage in CD3+ cells, and (c) live cell diameter before CD3+ T cell selection and after 48-hour T cell activation. In (a), (b), and (c), an unpaired t-test was used, and a two-tailed P value was calculated between 30 minutes and 45 minutes, 30 minutes and 60 minutes, and 45 minutes and 60 minutes; ns, P>0.3000. (d) Changes in CD25 expression percentage in CD3+ cells, (e) CD69 expression percentage in CD3+ cells, and (f) live cell diameter in the CAR-T manufacturing process. (g) Expansion fold of CAR-T cells after retroviral transduction. (h) CAR expression percentage in CD3+ cells at days 6 and 9 after retroviral transduction.
On the potential functions for a link diagram
Creators: name: Yoon, Seokbeom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M25, 57M27

description: For an oriented diagram of a link $L$ in the 3-sphere, Cho and Murakami defined the potential function whose critical point, slightly different from the usual sense, corresponds to a boundary parabolic $\mathrm{PSL}(2,\mathbb{C})$-representation of $π_1(S^3 \setminus L)$. They also showed that the volume and Chern-Simons invariant of such a representation can be computed from the potential function with its partial derivatives. In this paper, we extend the potential function to a $\mathrm{PSL}(2,\mathbb{C})$-representation that is not necessarily boundary parabolic. Under a mild assumption, it leads us to a combinatorial formula for computing the volume and Chern-Simons invariant of a $\mathrm{PSL}(2,\mathbb{C})$-representation of a closed 3-manifold.
description: 22 pages
PARTNERSHIP AUDIT RULES OF 2015: THE IMPLICATIONS FOR MISVALUED PRIVATE FUNDS AND NEW PARTNERS
Creators: name: Malakhouskaya, Iryna
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Tax Law
Year: 2019

description: This Note takes an interdisciplinary approach by analyzing new Partnership Audit Rules’ effects on misvalued private funds from Securities Law and Tax Law perspectives. First, the funds’ valuation regulations are examined; second, the new Partnership Audit Rules are reviewed; and finally, implications for new investors and private funds are examined. This Note suggests that marketability of private funds, which are ineligible for an opt-out option, would decrease. Especially serious negative effects may be anticipated for private funds with a history of misvaluation administrative proceedings. Nevertheless, several protective measures are available for new partners who want to continue taking advantage of pooled investment vehicles. Finally, there is a potential positive effect on the private funds’ valuation techniques and, consequently, on the number of the SEC administrative proceedings relating to misvalued funds.
description: Columbia Journal of Tax Law, Vol. 10 No. 2 (2019): Summer 2019
Adoção da política de compartilhamento de dados científicos nos periódicos da Ciência da Informação indexados no DOAJ
Creators: name: Anjos, Renata Lemos dos
name: Simões, Anderson Rafael Castro
name: Dias, Guilherme Ataíde
name: Autran, Marynice de Medeiros
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Apresentação realizada na sessão Pecha Kucha IV da 12ª Conferência Luso-Brasileira de Ciência Aberta, formato híbrido, de 13 a 15 de outubro de 2021.
A Laplacian Approach to $\ell_1$-Norm Minimization
Creators: name: Bonifaci, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 90C25

description: We propose a novel differentiable reformulation of the linearly-constrained $\ell_1$ minimization problem, also known as the basis pursuit problem. The reformulation is inspired by the Laplacian paradigm of network theory and leads to a new family of gradient-based methods for the solution of $\ell_1$ minimization problems. We analyze the iteration complexity of a natural solution approach to the reformulation, based on a multiplicative weights update scheme, as well as the iteration complexity of an accelerated gradient scheme. The results can be seen as bounds on the complexity of iteratively reweighted least squares (IRLS) type methods of basis pursuit.