cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Incompatible Magnetic Order in Multiferroic Hexagonal DyMnO3
Creators: name: Wehrenfennig, C.
name: Meier, D.
name: Lottermoser, Th.
name: Lonkai, Th.
name: Hoffmann, J. -U.
name: Aliouane, N.
name: Argyriou, D. N.
name: Fiebig, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic order of the manganese and rare-earth lattices according to different symmetry representations is observed in multiferroic hexagonal (h-) DyMnO$_3$ by optical second harmonic generation and neutron diffraction. The incompatibility reveals that the 3d-4f coupling in the h-$R$MnO$_3$ system ($R$ = Sc, Y, In, Dy - Lu) is substantially less developed than commonly expected. As a consequence, magnetoelectric coupling effects in this type of split-order parameter multiferroic that were previously assigned to a pronounced 3d-4f coupling have now to be scrutinized with respect to their origin.
The targum (1879:Feb.)
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Targum Association
Year: 1879

description: Some University historians indicate that the Targum was first published as an annual in 1867, but of this we have no extant evidence. In January 1869, the Targum as we now know it, made its appearance as a monthly paper that concerned itself with student “literary contributions” and college news as well as serving as a vehicle for bringing news to alumni and the general public. The newspaper, which originally was for sale, varied in frequency over the years as did its title (The Targum, Rutgers Targum, Rutgers Daily Targum, and Daily Targum). The newspaper has continuously been published since 1869 with the exception of 19 months during the second world war, between February 1944 and October 1945. The Targum was published by the students of Rutgers College, and later Rutgers University—New Brunswick represented through the years as the Targum Association, Rutgers Targum Association, and Rutgers College Targum. As a student organization, the Targum operated under the oversight of the dean of students and student government but in October 1980, the Targum became an independent college paper.
Heisenberg Spin Bus as a Robust Transmission Line for Perfect State Transfer
Creators: name: Oh, Sangchul
name: Wu, Lian-Ao
name: Shim, Yun-Pil
name: Friesen, Mark
name: Hu, Xuedong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the protocol known as quantum state transfer for a strongly coupled antiferromagnetic spin chain or ring (acting as a spin bus), with weakly coupled external qubits. By treating the weak coupling as a perturbation, we find that perfect state transfer (PST) is possible when second order terms are included in the expansion. We also show that PST is robust against variations in the couplings along the spin bus and between the bus and the qubits. As evidence of the quantum interference which mediates PST, we show that the optimal time for PST can be smaller with larger qubit separations, for an even-size chain or ring.
description: 6 figures,submitted
Fractal Weyl law for three-dimensional chaotic hard-sphere scattering systems
Creators: name: Eberspächer, Alexander
name: Main, Jörg
name: Wunner, Günter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fractal Weyl law connects the asymptotic level number with the fractal dimension of the chaotic repeller. We provide the first test for the fractal Weyl law for a three-dimensional open scattering system. For the four-sphere billiard, we investigate the chaotic repeller and discuss the semiclassical quantization of the system by the method of cycle expansion with symmetry decomposition. We test the fractal Weyl law for various symmetry subspaces and sphere-to-sphere separations.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. E
Far-infrared properties of submillimeter and optically faint radio galaxies
Creators: name: Magnelli, B.
name: Lutz, D.
name: Berta, S.
name: Altieri, B.
name: Andreani, P.
name: Aussel, H.
name: Castaneda, H.
name: Cava, A.
name: Cepa, J.
name: Cimatti, A.
name: Daddi, E.
name: Dannerbauer, H.
name: Dominguez, H.
name: Elbaz, D.
name: Schreiber, N. Forster
name: Genzel, R.
name: Grazian, A.
name: Gruppioni, C.
name: Magdis, G.
name: Maiolino, R.
name: Nordon, R.
name: Fournon, I. Perez
name: Garcia, I. Perez
name: Poglitsch, A.
name: Popesso, P.
name: Pozzi, F.
name: Riguccini, L.
name: Rodighiero, G.
name: Saintonge, A.
name: Santini, P.
name: Sanchez-Portal, M.
name: Shao, L.
name: Sturm, E.
name: Tacconi, L.
name: Valtchanov, I.
name: Wieprecht, E.
name: Wiezorrek, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use deep observations obtained with the Photodetector Array Camera and Spectrometer (PACS) onboard the Herschel space observatory to study the far-infrared (FIR) properties of submm and optically faint radio galaxies (SMGs and OFRGs). From literature we compiled a sample of 35 securely identified SMGs and nine OFRGs located in the GOODS-N and the A2218 fields. This sample is cross-matched with our PACS 100 um and 160 um multi-wavelength catalogs. About half of the galaxies in our sample are detected with PACS. The dust temperatures and the infrared luminosities of our galaxies are derived by fitting their PACS and SCUBA 850 um (only the upper limits for the OFRGs) flux densities with a single modified (beta=1.5) black body function. The median dust temperature of our SMG sample is T=36+/-8K while for our OFRG sample it is T=47+/-3K. For both samples, median dust temperatures derived from Herschel data agree well with previous estimates. In particular, Chapman et al. (2005) found a dust temperature of T=36+/-7K for a large sample of SMGs assuming the validity of the FIR/radio correlation. The agreement between our studies confirms that the local FIR/radio correlation effectively holds at high redshift even though we find =2.17+/-0.19, a slightly lower value than that observed in local systems. The median IR luminosities of SMGs and OFRGs are 4.6*10^12 Lsun and 2.6*10^12 Lsun, respectively. We note that for both samples the IR luminosity estimates from the radio part of the spectral energy distribution are accurate, while estimates from the mid-IR are considerably (x3) more uncertain. Our observations confirm the remarkably high luminosities of SMGs and thus imply median star-formation rates of 960Msun yr^-1 for SMGs with S(850um)>5mJy and 460Msun yr^-1 for SMGs with S(850um)>2mJy, assuming a Chabrier IMF and no dominant AGN contribution to the far-infrared luminosity.
description: Accepted for publication in the A&A Herschel special issue. 5 pages, 3 figures
Quarks and quantum statistics
Creators: name: Greenberg, O. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I write about Héctor, his contributions to the early work in the quark model, and a general discussion of quantum statistics
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
Long range strain and electrical potential induced by single edge dislocations in GaN
Creators: name: Gmeinwieser, Nikolaus
name: Gottfriedsen, P.
name: Schwarz, Ulrich
name: Wegscheider, Werner
name: Clos, R.
name: Krtschil, A.
name: Krost, A.
name: Engl, Karl
name: Weimar, A.
name: Brüderl, G.
name: Lell, Alfred
name: Härle, Volker
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: GaN; Dislocation; Strain; Potential
subject: 530 Physik
subject: 78.55.Cr; 61.72.Ff; 68.35.Gy; 73.20.At; 73.20.Hb

description: A dipole like strain state is induced by threading edge dislocations emerging at the surface of gallium nitride (GaN) bulk substrates. This local strain is calculated by means of a three-dimensional elastic deformation potential model, taking into account the free surface of the sample. The calculations are in excellent quantitative agreement with the strain state derived from line shifts of the near band edge excitonic spectrum, measured by micro-photoluminescence (μPL). Scanning surface potential microscope (SSPM) measurements show that the dipole structure is not reflected in the local electrical potential distortions around the dislocations and the potential profile decreases laterally faster than the strain distortion, which is detectable even in several micrometer distance from the dislocation core.
Refractive index in holographic superconductors
Creators: name: Gao, Xin
name: Zhang, Hongbao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the probe limit, we investigate the behavior of the electric permittivity and effective magnetic permeability and related optical properties in the s-wave holographic superconductors. In particular, our result shows that unlike the strong coupled systems which admit a gravity dual of charged black holes in the bulk, the electric permittivity and effective magnetic permeability are unable to conspire to bring about the negative Depine-Lakhtakia index at low frequencies, which implies that the negative phase velocity does not appear in the holographic superconductors under such a situation.
description: JHEP style, 1+15 pages, 11 figures, version to appear in JHEP
SHARARATI PRABHUTTV AUR NETRATTVDaridra Vyaktiyon Kee SamasyayenDr. NEETU SINGH TOMAR, Post Doctoral Fellow, University Grant Commission New Delhi
Creators: name: Tomar, Neetusingh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: SHARARATI PRABHUTTV AUR NETRATTV
Microscopic analysis of optical gain in InGaN/GaN quantum wells
Creators: name: Witzigmann, B.
name: Laino, V.
name: Luisier, M.
name: Schwarz, Ulrich
name: Feicht, Georg
name: Wegscheider, Werner
name: Engl, Karl
name: Furitsch, Michael
name: Leber, Andreas
name: Lell, Alfred
name: Härle, Volker
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: indium compounds, gallium compounds, III-V semiconductors, quantum well lasers, semiconductor device models, carrier density
subject: 530 Physik
subject: 42.55.Px

description: A microscopic theory is used to analyze optical gain in InGaN/GaN quantum wells (QW). Experimental data are obtained from Hakki–Paoli measurements on edge-emitting lasers for different carrier densities. The simulations are based on the solution of the quantum kinetic Maxwell–Bloch equations, including many-body effects and a self-consistent treatment of piezoelectric fields. The results confirm the validity of a QW gain description for this material system with a substantial inhomogeneous broadening due to structural variation. They also give an estimate of the nonradiative recombination rate.
Decentralized Estimation over Orthogonal Multiple-access Fading Channels in Wireless Sensor Networks - Optimal and Suboptimal Estimators
Creators: name: Wang, Xin
name: Yang, Chenyang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Optimal and suboptimal decentralized estimators in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) over orthogonal multiple-access fading channels are studied in this paper. Considering multiple-bit quantization before digital transmission, we develop maximum likelihood estimators (MLEs) with both known and unknown channel state information (CSI). When training symbols are available, we derive a MLE that is a special case of the MLE with unknown CSI. It implicitly uses the training symbols to estimate the channel coefficients and exploits the estimated CSI in an optimal way. To reduce the computational complexity, we propose suboptimal estimators. These estimators exploit both signal and data level redundant information to improve the estimation performance. The proposed MLEs reduce to traditional fusion based or diversity based estimators when communications or observations are perfect. By introducing a general message function, the proposed estimators can be applied when various analog or digital transmission schemes are used. The simulations show that the estimators using digital communications with multiple-bit quantization outperform the estimator using analog-and-forwarding transmission in fading channels. When considering the total bandwidth and energy constraints, the MLE using multiple-bit quantization is superior to that using binary quantization at medium and high observation signal-to-noise ratio levels.
Final Report for Creative Sentencing: Protecting Worker Safety in Alberta  by Enhancing Field Level Hazard Assessments  and Training for Ground Hazards Associated with  Tailings Facilities, Dams, and Systems
Creators: name: Baker, Kathleen; Macciotta, Renato; Hendry, Michael T; Lefsrud, Lianne M
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Libraries
Year: 2019

Abstract
Theory of the Spin Relaxation of Conduction Electrons in Silicon
Creators: name: Cheng, J. L.
name: Wu, M. W.
name: Fabian, Jaroslav
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: A realistic pseudopotential model is introduced to investigate the phonon-induced spin relaxation of conduction electrons in bulk silicon. We find a surprisingly subtle interference of the Elliott and Yafet processes affecting the spin relaxation over a wide temperature range, suppressing the significance of the intravalley spin-flip scattering, previously considered dominant, above roughly 120 K. The calculated spin relaxation times T1 agree with the spin resonance and spin injection data, following a T-3 temperature dependence. The valley anisotropy of T1 and the spin relaxation rates for hot electrons are predicted.
Fractal Dimensions for Continuous Time Random Walk Limits
Creators: name: Meerschaert, Mark M.
name: Nane, Erkan
name: Xiao, Yimin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60G22, 28A80

description: In a continuous time random walk (CTRW), each random jump follows a random waiting time. CTRW scaling limits are time-changed processes that model anomalous diffusion. The outer process describes particle jumps, and the non-Markovian inner process (or time change) accounts for waiting times between jumps. This paper studies fractal properties of the sample functions of a time-changed process, and establishes some general results on the Hausdorff and packing dimensions of its range and graph. Then those results are applied to CTRW scaling limits.
description: 22 pages, 1 figure, submitted for publication, a minor correction in section 3.2
Ab initio study of compressed Ar(H2)2: structural stability and anomalous melting
Creators: name: Cazorla, Claudio
name: Errandonea, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the structural stability and dynamical properties of Ar(H2)2 under pressure using first-principles and ab initio molecular dynamics techniques. At low temperatures, Ar(H2)2 is found to stabilize in the cubic C15 Laves structure (MgCu2) and not in the hexagonal C14 Laves structure (MgZn2) as it has been assumed previously. Based on enthalpy energy and phonon calculations, we propose a temperature-induced MgCu2 -> MgZn2 phase transition that may rationalize the existing discrepancies between the sets of Raman and infrared vibron measurements. Our AIMD simulations suggest that the melting line of Ar(H2)2 presents negative slope in the interval 60 < P < 110 GPa. We explain the origin of this intriguing physical phenomenon in terms of decoupling of the Ar and H2 degrees of freedom and effective thermal-like excitations arising from coexisting liquid H2 and solid Ar phases.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Suzaku Observation of the Brightest Broad-Line Radio Galaxy 4C 50.55 (IGR J 21247+5058)
Creators: name: Tazaki, Fumie
name: Ueda, Yoshihiro
name: Ishino, Yukiko
name: Eguchi, Satoshi
name: Isobe, Naoki
name: Terashima, Yuichi
name: Mushotzky, Richard F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results from a deep Suzaku observation of 4C 50.55 (IGR J 21247+5058), the brightest broad-line radio galaxy in the hard X-ray (> 10 keV) sky. The simultaneous broad band spectra over 1-60 keV can be represented by a cut-off power law with two layers of absorption and a significant reflection component from cold matter with a solid angle of Ω/2π\approx 0.2. A rapid flux rise by ~ 20% over 2 \times 10^4 sec is detected in the 2-10 keV band. The spectral energy distribution suggests that there is little contribution to the total X-ray emission from jets. Applying a thermal Comptonization model, we find that corona is optically thick (τ_e \approx 3) and has a relatively low temperature (kT_e \approx 30 keV). The narrow iron-K emission line is consistent with a picture where the standard disk is truncated and/or its inner part is covered by optically thick Comptonizing corona smearing out relativistic broad line features. The inferred disk structure may be a common feature of accretion flows onto black holes that produce powerful jets.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Исследование процессов вакуумной сушки сахара
Creators: name: В.А. Ермолаев
name: А.А. Славянский
name: Д.Е. Фёдоров
name: В.А. Грибкова
name: Н.В. Николаева
Publisher: name: Сахар
Year: 2022
Subjects: кристаллический сахар
вакуум
давление
температура
сушка сахара
вакуумная сушка
режим сушки
crystalline sugar
vacuum
pressure
temperature
sugar drying
vacuum drying
drying mode

description: Статья посвящена исследованию влияния технологических режимов вакуумной сушки сахара на эффективность процесса. Установлено влияние таких параметров, как температура, остаточное давление и толщина слоя сушки на продолжительность обезвоживания и содержание влаги в продукте. Определены рациональные технологические режимы: температура нагрева 30 оС, остаточное давление 3 кПа, толщина слоя сушки 30–40 мм. Показана возможность использования отложенного вакуумирования для регулирования температуры сахара на выходе из сушилки.
description: The article is devoted to the study of the influence of technological modes of vacuum drying of sugar on the efficiency of the process. The influence of parameters such as temperature, residual pressure and thickness of the drying layer on the duration of dehydration and moisture content in the product has been established. Rational technological modes were determined: heating temperature 30 оC, residual pressure 3 kPa, drying layer thickness 30–40 mm. The possibility of using delayed vacuuming to regulate the temperature of sugar at the outlet of the dryer is shown.
Coupling of calcium (Ca²⁺) release by ryanodine receptor (RyR) 3 to its extrusion by sodium/calcium exchanger (NCX) mediates endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca²⁺ discharge from vascular endothelial cells
Creators: name: Ziomek, Gabriela
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an organelle with multiple functions serving to maintain cellular health, the most important of which include its role as the cell’s largest store of the signaling ion calcium (Ca²⁺). The regulation of this ion’s movement into and out of the ER, as well as the cell itself, is therefore of the utmost importance when considering the overarching goal of each cellular body to remain functional. The study outlined in the current thesis discusses hypotheses for the manner in which Ca²⁺’ is released in a dramatic dysregulation event during ER stress, a cellular condition that often results in cell death and which has been implicated in multiple severe health conditions. This pathway was chosen to be studied in endothelial cells (ECs), those comprising the intimal (inner-most) layer of blood vessels. These cells are in direct contact with blood flowing through these tributaries of the vasculature, and their vast array of products controls constriction and many other properties of the blood vessel itself. Dysfunction of these cells results in the loss of their ability to exert protective effects on the affected blood vessel. Importantly, this type of damage to ECs can occur as a result of Ca²⁺ dysregulation at the level of the ER, such as the dramatic ER Ca²⁺ drop being studied here. It is therefore the aim of the current thesis to present evidence for the mechanism whereby dramatic changes in Ca²⁺ levels within the ER lead to problems cellular function, with the ultimate goal of therapy development to prevent affected cells from becoming dysfunctional as a result of such ion dysregulation. Investigation into the way that cytoplasmic and luminal ER Ca²⁺ levels are affected by a range of agonists as well as relevant channel and pump blockers has culminated in a clearer understanding of the likely pathway for this Ca²⁺ movement early in the ER stress response, which may in future be manipulated at the point of ER stress induction to potentially deter subsequent cell failure, and ultimately, vascular disease.
title: An approach to cognitive simulation of air traffic controllers based on coloured petri nets
Creators: name: Smieszek, Hardy
name: Karl, Christian
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications Online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2013

description: Because of intensively growing volumes of air traffic, aerodrome air traffic controllers face increasing workloads, having to deal with more aircraft in the same time. Computerized supporting systems are often meant to compensate for these effects. However, to investigate the actual impact of changed system conditions on the human operator, simulations are needed. Consequently, it is necessary to model the cognitive processes and behaviour of the air traffic controller (ATCO) as well as the airport traffic control system in general. Based on basic guidelines for the development of cognitive simulation, an approach for the development of a timed coloured petri net Model of Airport TRaffIc Control System (MATriCS) is presented. It displays ATCO and airport processes, and supports investigating the performance of both the airport traffic control system in general as well as the ATCO’s performance under changed system conditions such as computer support.
Sensitivity analyses of instruments for microclimatic measurements to observe Park Cool Island in tropical climates: A case study in Singapore
Creators: name: YIK, Sin Kang
Publisher: name: SMU Research Data Repository (RDR)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 410103
subject: Human impacts of climate change and human adaptation
classificationCode: 440612
subject: Urban geography

description: This presentation was delivered at the 23rd International Congress of Biometeorology (ICB 2023) on May 14-17, 2023, in Tempe, Arizona, USA.This presentation emphasizes the importance of accurate microclimate measurements in assessing the viability of parks as Nature-Based Solutions (NbS) for mitigating urban overheating in Singapore. Our research aims to quantify microclimate differences in various setups, identifying the most suitable configuration for tropical climates. Additionally, we investigate the Park Cool Island extent in our study area to determine the effectiveness of parks as NbS in cooling urban environments. Our findings contribute valuable insights for urban planning, aligning with the Singapore government's goal of providing a park within a 10-minute walk of every household.
New insights into pore structure characterization and permeability measurement of fine-grained sedimentary reservoir rocks in the laboratory at reservoir stress states
Creators: name: Letham, Eric
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Fine-grained reservoir rocks are economically important because of the vast quantities of hydrocarbons they contain, but remain poorly understood due to how difficult it is to analyze their highly stress-sensitive, anisotropic, nanometer-scale pore systems in the laboratory. In this thesis, techniques for pore structure characterization and permeability measurement of fine-grained reservoir rocks at reservoir stress states are developed and tested. Klinkenberg gas slippage measurements provide accurate measurements of pore size. The gas slippage technique has many valuable characteristics, such as the ability to measure pore size at reservoir stress and to quantify anisotropy of pore geometry. In addition to pore size, matrix permeability is quantified when measuring gas slippage. The gas slippage technique developed in this thesis provides important petrophysical information about fine-grained reservoir rocks that cannot be acquired using other commonly applied pore structure characterization techniques. A technique to semi-quantitatively determine permeability-effective stress law coefficients is developed by analyzing Klinkenberg plots of permeability measurements made at a wide range of confining pressure and pore pressure. This semi-quantitative technique is important because other fully quantitative techniques that are typically applied to coarse-grained reservoir rocks result in erroneous effective stress laws when applied to fine-grained rocks; in the nanometer-scale pores of fine-grained rocks, gas slippage results in significant permeability variation with pore pressure that is independent of changes to pore geometry, and therefore results in erroneous permeability-effective stress laws. A technique for determining the effective permeability of fine-grained reservoir rocks at different fluid saturations is developed by measuring ethane gas permeability at a range of pore pressures up to the saturated vapour pressure of ethane at laboratory temperature. Liquid/semi-liquid ethane saturation increases with increasing pore pressure due to adsorption and capillary condensation, resulting in restricted fluid flow pathways and hence decreased effective permeability to ethane gas. Ethane gas permeability measurements can be made at different stress states to investigate the sensitivity of effective permeability to stress at the range of stress states experienced during production from a fine-grained reservoir.
Paying for Cures: The Ethics and Economics of Gene Therapies for Rare Diseases
Creators: name: Halley, Meghan
Publisher: name: Center for ELSI Resources and Analysis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ethics
subject: Science
subject: ELSI
subject: gene therapy
subject: sickle cell disease
subject: health economics
subject: nusinersen

description: Rare diseases, most of which have a genetic basis, collectively affect an estimated 300 million individuals worldwide and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Although less than 10% of rare diseases currently have an approved therapy, advances in gene and gene-targeted therapies have brought hope of effective—or even curative—treatment. While the potential for cure has prompted justifiable excitement, the high upfront cost of many of these therapies also raises complex ethical and policy issues. In response to these challenges, health economists have proposed a range of revisions to traditional value assessment frameworks to include elements relevant to gene therapy, such as “scientific spillover” and “value of hope,” in addition to “health outcomes and costs.” These efforts are focused on systematically assessing the benefits and costs of these therapies to provide evidence of their value and, by extension, their price. However, a lack of real-world data on the long-term effectiveness of these therapies necessitates that these assessments are inherently based on unconfirmed assumptions. In response, policymakers and payers are increasingly considering innovative, value-based payment schemes to tie payment for these therapies to patient outcomes over time. Increasing evidence points to inequities in access both within the U.S. and internationally. The tenor of conversations about inequity are likely to increase given the anticipated approval of the first gene therapy for sickle cell disease. The introduction of these therapies also has revealed fault lines within patient communities, with some patients arguing that the emphasis on therapies implicitly devalues their personhood and turns attention away from improving resources to support quality of life for people with disabilities. Addressing the many ethical and economic challenges posed by gene therapies will therefore require engagement with a broad range of stakeholders, a clearer understanding of the goals and values of diverse patient communities, and the development of new methods for measuring and assessing value.
Получение гетерозисных гибридов сахарной свёклы на стерильной основе
Creators: name: М.А. Богомолов
name: Т.В. Вострикова
Publisher: name: Сахар
Year: 2022
Subjects: сахарная свёкла
МС-формы
гетерозис
гибрид
sugar beet
MC-forms
heterosis
hybrid

description: В статье обсуждается проблема гетерозисной селекции раздельноплодной сахарной свёклы с использованием цитоплазматической мужской стерильности. На основе созданных линий сформирован ряд гибридных комбинаций. Одна из них представлена на примере апомиктичной гамма-индуцированной линии МС-2113, обладающей хорошей комбинационной способностью по урожайности и сахаристости корнеплодов, что увеличивает сбор сахара. Рассматриваются перспективы использования МС-форм сахарной свёклы в селекции.
description: The article discusses the problem of heterotic selection of dioecious sugar beets using cytoplasmic male sterility. A number of hybrid combinations have been formed on the basis of the created lines. One of them is presented on the example of the apomictic gamma-induced line MC-2113. It has a good combination ability in terms of yield and sugar content of root crops, that increases the collection of sugar. Prospects for the use of MS-forms of sugar beet in breeding are considered.
Производство сахарсодержащих сиропов
Creators: name: Ю.И. Зелепукин
name: В.П. Яньшин
name: Н.Н. Швецов
name: С.Ю. Зелепукин
Publisher: name: Сахар
Year: 2022
Subjects: топинамбур
инулин
высокофруктозный сироп
Jerusalem artichoke
inulin
high-fructose syrup

description: Для выработки сахарсодержащих сиропов рекомендуется использовать топинамбур. Технология переработки топинамбура во многом похожа на технологию переработки сахарной свёклы: применяются не только аналогичные процессы, но и во многом одинаковое аппаратурное оформление. Как и в сахарном производстве, помимо технологической схемы следует уделять внимание разработке и внедрению схем водои теплоснабжения. Это позволит существенно повысить рентабельность производства, снизить расход воды и пара, тем самым понизить себестоимость продукции. Для расширения переработки топинамбура можно использовать помещение и производственные мощности сахарных заводов, подлежащих закрытию из-за нерентабельности.
description: For the production of sugar-containing syrups, it is recommended to use Jerusalem artichoke. The technology of processing Jerusalem artichoke is in many ways similar to the technology of processing sugar beet. Not only similar processes are used in production, but the hardware design in these productions is largely the same. As in sugar production, in addition to the technological scheme for processing Jerusalem artichoke, attention should be paid to the development and implementation of water supply and heat supply schemes in production. This will significantly increase the profitability of production, reduce the consumption of water and steam, thereby reducing the cost of production. To expand the processing of Jerusalem artichoke, you can use the premises and production facilities of sugar factories that are subject to closure due to their unprofitability.
The effect of M dwarf starspot activity on low-mass planet detection thresholds
Creators: name: Barnes, J. R.
name: Jeffers, S. V.
name: Jones, H. R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In light of the growing interest in searching for low mass, rocky planets, we investigate the impact of starspots on radial velocity searches for earth-mass planets in orbit about M dwarf stars. Since new surveys targeting M dwarfs will likely be carried out at infrared wavelengths, a comparison between V and Y band starspot induced jitter is made, indicating a reduction of up to an order of magnitude when observing in the Y band. The exact reduction in jitter is dependent on the photosphere to spot contrast ratio, with greater improvements at smaller contrasts. We extrapolate a model used to describe solar spot distributions to simulate the spot patterns that we expect to find on M dwarfs. Under the assumption that M dwarfs are near or fully convective, we randomly place starspots on the stellar surface, simulating different levels of spot coverage. Line profiles, distorted by spots are derived and are used to investigate the starspot induced jitter. By making assumptions about the degree of spot activity, detection limits for earth-mass planets in habitable zones are simulated for between 10 and 500 observation epochs. We find that <= 50 epochs are required to detect 1 - 2 MEarth planets (with < 1 per cent false alarm probability) orbiting slowly rotating 0.1 and 0.2 MSun stars. This sensitivity decreases when typical rotation velocities and activity levels for each stellar mass/spectral type are considered. No detections of below 20 MEarth planets are expected for <= 500 observations for the most active stars with vsini >= 20 km/s and dark spots.
description: 12 pages; 8 figures; accepted for publication in MNRAS
Ionic correlations at the nanoscale: inversion of selectivity in a bio-nanochannel
Creators: name: Aguilella-Arzo, Marcel
name: Calero, Carles
name: Faraudo, Jordi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we show, combining a simulation and theoretical study, that electrostatic correlations typical of multivalent ions can reverse the selectivity of a biological nanochannel. Our results provide a physical mechanism for a new, experimentally observed phenomenon, namely the inversion of the selectivity of a bacterial porin (the E. Coli OmpF) in presence of divalent and trivalent cations. Also, the differences and similarities between the driving force for this phenomenon and other similar nano and micro-escale electrokinetic effects (e.g. inversion of streaming current in silica nanochannels) are explored.
Реакция отдельных гибридов сахарной свёклы на различные комбинации гербицидов
Creators: name: Е.А. Дворянкин
Publisher: name: Сахар
Year: 2022
Subjects: сахарная свёкла
гибриды
гербициды
фитотоксичность
погодные условия

description: Исследовано фитотоксическое действие различных комбинаций гербицидов на растения отдельных гибридов сахарной свёклы. Показано, что растения культуры наиболее чувствительны к гербицидам в фазе вилочки – первой пары настоящих листьев. С нарастанием биомассы растений отмечали снижение влияния на них гербицидов. Смеси «Бетанала Эксперт ОФ», «Бетанала максПро» или «Бетанала 22» в низких нормах расхода, внесённые с «Митроном», 1–1,5 л/га оказывали наименьшее влияние на рост и развитие растений сахарной свёклы. Фитотоксичность гербицидов была ниже для растений гибрида Митика, отличающихся более высокой энергией роста в начале вегетации культуры, в сравнении с гибридами РМС 120, РМС 121 и РМС 127.
description: Phytotoxic effect of different combinations of herbicides on plants of some sugar beet hybrids was investigated. It was shown that sugar beet plants were the most sensitive to herbicides at the stages from cotyledonous leaf to first pair of true leaves. With increase of sugar beet plant biomass, decrease in herbicide influence on them was marked. Mixtures of «Betanal Expert OF», «Betanal maxPro» or «Betanal 22» with low consumption rate applied togather with «Mitron» (1–1.5 l/ha) made the least impact on growth and development of sugar beet plants. Phytotoxicity of the herbicides was lower for the Mitika hybrid plants characterized by higher growing capacity at the beginning of the crop vegetation in comparison with the hybrids: RMS 120, RMS 121 and RMS 127.
Constraining the dark energy equation of state using LISA observations of spinning Massive Black Hole binaries
Creators: name: Petiteau, Antoine
name: Babak, Stanislav
name: Sesana, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational wave signals from coalescing Massive Black Hole (MBH) binaries could be used as standard sirens to measure cosmological parameters. The future space based gravitational wave observatory Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) will detect up to a hundred of those events, providing very accurate measurements of their luminosity distances. To constrain the cosmological parameters we also need to measure the redshift of the galaxy (or cluster of galaxies) hosting the merger. This requires the identification of a distinctive electromagnetic event associated to the binary coalescence. However, putative electromagnetic signatures may be too weak to be observed. Instead, we study here the possibility of constraining the cosmological parameters by enforcing statistical consistency between all the possible hosts detected within the measurement error box of a few dozen of low redshift (z<3) events. We construct MBH populations using merger tree realizations of the dark matter hierarchy in a LambdaCDM Universe, and we use data from the Millennium simulation to model the galaxy distribution in the LISA error box. We show that, assuming that all the other cosmological parameters are known, the parameter w describing the dark energy equation of state can be constrained to a 4-8% level (2sigma error), competitive with current uncertainties obtained by type Ia supernovae measurements, providing an independent test of our cosmological model.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, revised version to address referee's comments, submitted to ApJ
Binary population synthesis study on supersoft X-ray phase of single degenerate type Ia supernova progenitors
Creators: name: Meng, Xiangcun
name: Yang, Wuming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the single degenerate (SD) scenario for type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), a mass-accreting white dwarf is expected to experience a supersoft X-ray source (SSS) phase. However, some recent observations showed that the expected number of the mass-accreting WD is much lower than that predicted from theory, whatever in spiral or elliptical galaxies. In this paper, we did a binary population synthesis study on the relative duration of the SSS phase to their whole mass-increasing phase of WDs leading to SNe Ia. We found that for about 40% progenitor systems, the relative duration is shorter than 2% and the evolution of the mean relative duration shows that it is always smaller than 5%, whatever for young or old SNe Ia. In addition, before SNe Ia explosion, more than 55% progenitor systems are experiencing a dwarf novae phase, and only no more than 10% is staying SSS phase. These results are consistent with the recent observations, and imply that both in early- and late-type galaxies, only a small fraction of mass-accreting WD resulting in SNe Ia contribute to the supersoft X-ray flux. So, although our results are not directly related to the X-ray output of SN Ia progenitor, the low supersoft X-ray luminosity observed in early type galaxies may have no ability to exclude the validity of SD model. On the contrary, it is evidence to support the SD scenario.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in RAA
Температурно-влажностный режим хранения – важный фактор сохранности сахара белого
Creators: name: Е.А. Тарасова
name: К.Б. Гурьева
Publisher: name: Сахар
Year: 2022
Subjects: сахар белый
условия хранения
температурно-влажностный режим
равновесная влажность
цветность
white sugar
storage conditions
temperature and humidity regime
balanced humidity
color

description: Условия хранения сахара белого оказывают значительное влияние на показатели его безопасности и качества. Поддержание оптимального температурно-влажностного режима хранения обеспечивает сохранность сахара с наименьшими качественными изменениями. На основании результатов исследовательской работы рекомендованы научно обоснованные параметры температуры и относительной влажности воздуха в складских помещениях, обеспечивающие сохранность сахара белого на протяжении установленного срока годности.
description: Storage conditions for white sugar have a significant impact on its safety and quality. Maintaining optimal temperature and humidity storage conditions ensures the storage of sugar with the least qualitative changes. On the basis of the results of the research, scientifically grounded parameters of temperature and relative humidity in the warehouse are recommended, to ensure the safety of white sugar during the shelf life.
New approaches for understanding urban greenspace using ecosystem services concepts and high spatial resolution mapping
Creators: name: Williams, David
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Urban areas are where most people in the world directly benefit from ecosystem services (ES), yet there is evidence that ES are distributed inequitably with respect to socio-economic status which can lead to environmental injustices. There are a number of barriers to understanding UGS equity, some conceptual and some technical. One barrier is that few studies of environmental justice use similar quantitative methods, nor do they use concordant conceptual frameworks of UGS and ES equity. Another barrier is the fine scale information needed to accurately map greenspace can be difficult and expensive to obtain. In light of these barriers, this thesis seeks to contribute to UGS/ES equity studies in two fundamentally important ways. First, I explore the concepts of equity in ecosystem services as applied to urban settings. I undertake a review of trans-disciplinary literature on urban systems to answer the question “How has environmental justice been considered and incorporated into urban ES research?” I characterize types of urban ES and measure the breadth of justice issues addressed in each article using a new environmental justice index (EJI). I also highlight the methods and results of key quantitative and qualitative papers that can inform future urban ES justice frameworks. Second, I explore how new advances in remote sensing can better characterize UGS distributions via more accurate mapping of heterogeneous urban areas. I combine three-dimensional information from airborne Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data with RapidEye high spatial resolution imagery in a Geographic Object-Based Image Analysis (GEOBIA) approach to classify urban landcover in a large metropolitan region. Though 5m RapidEye pixels were often mixed in urban areas, LiDAR data enabled accurate classification of fine spatial objects such as street trees and single-family dwellings. Ultimately, I propose that mapping ES distributions among urban socio-demographic groups and assessing potential ES tradeoffs is not enough to avoid injustices. Because ES are socio-political constructs, gaining a comprehensive understanding of urban ES injustices is not merely a process of mapping greenspace, but also understanding how the groups in question ascribe value to the ES supply sources around them.
Interferometry with Two Pairs of Spin Correlated Photons
Creators: name: Pavicic, Mladen
name: Summhammer, Johann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new experiment employing two independent sources of spin correlated photon pairs. Two photons from different unpolarized sources each pass through a polarizer to a detector. Although their trajectories never mix or cross they exhibit 4th-order-interference-like correlations when the other two photons interfere on a beam splitter even when the latter two do not pass any polarizers at all. A wave packet calculation shows that the experiment permits a very discriminatory test of hidden variable theories.
description: A teleportation protocol with independent sources. Works also with a Bell pair + a spontaneously emitted photon
Group Anonymity: Problems and Solutions
Creators: name: Chertov, Oleg
name: Tavrov, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Existing methods of providing data anonymity preserve individual privacy, but, the task of protecting respondent groups' information in publicly available datasets remains open. Group anonymity lies in hiding (masking) data patterns that cannot be revealed by analyzing individual records. We discuss main corresponding problems, and provide methods for solving each one. Keywords: group anonymity, wavelet transform.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, 1 table. Published by "Lviv Polytechnica Publishing House" in "Information Systems and Networks" (http://vlp.com.ua/taxonomy/term/3136)
A dynamical phase transition in a model for evolution with migration
Creators: name: Waclaw, Bartlomiej
name: Allen, Rosalind J.
name: Evans, Martin R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Migration between different habitats is ubiquitous among biological populations. In this Letter, we study a simple quasispecies model for evolution in two different habitats, with different fitness landscapes, coupled through one-way migration. Our model applies to asexual, rapidly evolving organisms such as microbes. Our key finding is a dynamical phase transition at a critical value of the migration rate. The time to reach steady state diverges at this critical migration rate. Above the transition, the population is dominated by immigrants from the primary habitat. Below the transition, the genetic composition of the population is highly non-trivial, with multiple coexisting quasispecies which are not native to either habitat. Using results from localization theory, we show that the critical migration rate may be very small --- demonstrating that evolutionary outcomes can be very sensitive to even a small amount of migration.
description: 4+ pages, 4 figures