cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Hot phonon effects on the high-field transport in metallic carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Auer, Christoph
name: Schürrer, Ferdinand
name: Ertler, Christian
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We present a kinetic transport model for hot electrons and hot phonons in metallic single-wall carbon nanotubes. The transport model is based on a coupled system of Boltzmann equations of linearly dispersive electrons and optical phonons. An efficient and accurate deterministic numerical scheme is developed to solve the set of kinetic equations. With this numerical tool we study in detail the high-field transport properties of ohmically contacted molecular nanotube wires lying on a substrate. The simulations demonstrate that the optical phonons are strongly driven out of thermal equilibrium. Nonequilibrium optical phonons are found to influence considerably the electron transport in the high-field regime. We observe that the steady-state current at high bias is sensitive to the anharmonic lifetime of the optical phonons and to the phonon group velocities. Comparisons of experimental current-voltage characteristics with the theoretical results obtained with electron-phonon coupling coefficients as predicted by density functional calculations exhibit very good agreement.
Additional file 1 of Non-linear dose response of DNA double strand breaks in response to chronic low dose radiation in individuals from high level natural radiation areas of Kerala coast
Creators: name: Jain, Vinay
name: Saini, Divyalakshmi
name: Soren, D. C.
name: Kumar, V. Anil
name: Vivek Kumar, P. R.
name: Koya, P. K. M.
name: Jaikrishan, G.
name: Das, Birajalaxmi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Supplementary Material 1
Resonant tunneling magneto resistance in coupled quantum wells
Creators: name: Ertler, Christian
name: Fabian, Jaroslav
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: A three barrier resonant tunneling structure in which the two quantum wells are formed by a magnetic semiconductor is theoretically investigated. Self-consistent numerical simulations of the structure predict giant magnetocurrent in the resonant bias regime as well as significant current spin polarization for a considerable range of applied biases. The requirements for large magnetocurrent are spin resolved resonance levels as well as asymmetry (spatial or magnetic) of the coupled quantum wells.
Additive unit representations in global fields - A survey
Creators: name: Barroero, Fabrizio
name: Frei, Christopher
name: Tichy, Robert F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 00-02, 11R27, 16U60

description: We give an overview on recent results concerning additive unit representations. Furthermore the solutions of some open questions are included. The central problem is whether and how certain rings are (additively) generated by their units. This has been investigated for several types of rings related to global fields, most importantly rings of algebraic integers. We also state some open problems and conjectures which we consider to be important in this field.
description: 13 pages
Adaptive and Secure Routing Protocol for Emergency Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Creators: name: Panaousis, Emmanouil A.
name: Ramrekha, Tipu A.
name: Millar, Grant P.
name: Politis, Christos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The nature of Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (MANETs) makes them suitable to be utilized in the context of an extreme emergency for all involved rescue teams. We use the term emergency MANETs (eMANETs) in order to describe next generation IP-based networks, which are deployed in emergency cases such as forest fires and terrorist attacks. The main goal within the realm of eMANETs is to provide emergency workers with intelligent devices such as smart phones and PDAs. This technology allows communication "islets" to be established between the members of the same or different emergency teams (policemen, firemen, paramedics). In this article, we discuss an adaptive and secure routing protocol developed for the purposes of eMANETs. We evaluate the performance of the protocol by comparing it with other widely used routing protocols for MANETs. We finally show that the overhead introduced due to security considerations is affordable to support secure ad-hoc communications among lightweight devices.
description: 17 Pages, IJWMN
Bias dependent inversion of tunneling magnetoresistance in Fe/GaAs/Fe tunnel junctions
Creators: name: Moser, Jürgen
name: Zenger, Marcus
name: Gerl, Christian
name: Schuh, Dieter
name: Meier, R.
name: Chen, PeiFeng
name: Bayreuther, Günther
name: Wegscheider, Werner
name: Weiss, Dieter
name: Lai, C.
name: Huang, R.
name: Kosuth, M.
name: Ebert, H.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We investigated spin dependent transport through Fe/GaAs/Fe tunnel junctions. The tunneling magnetoresistance effect (TMR) was probed for different types of Fe/GaAs interfaces. For interfaces cleaned by hydrogen plasma the TMR effect is increased and observable at room temperature. If an epitaxial Fe/GaAs(001) interface is involved, the tunnel junction exhibits a bias dependent inversion of the TMR effect. This is a first experimental signature for band structure effects at a Fe/GaAs interface and relevant for spin injection experiments.
Spin injection through the depletion layer: A theory of spin-polarized p-n junctions and solar cells
Creators: name: Zutic, Igor
name: Fabian, Jaroslav
name: Sarma, S. Das
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: A drift-diffusion model for spin-charge transport in spin-polarized p-n junctions is developed and solved numerically for a realistic set of material parameters based on GaAs. It is demonstrated that spin polarization can be injected through the depletion layer by both minority and majority carriers, making all semiconductor devices such as spin-polarized solar cells and bipolar transistors feasible. Spin-polarized p-n junctions allow for spin-polarized current generation, spin amplification, voltage control of spin polarization, and a significant extension of spin diffusion range.
The nebular spectrum of the type Ia supernova 2003hv: evidence for a non-standard event
Creators: name: Mazzali, Paolo A.
name: Maurer, I.
name: Stritzinger, M.
name: Taubenberger, S.
name: Benetti, S.
name: Hachinger, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical and near-infrared late-time spectrum of the under-luminous Type Ia supernova 2003hv is analysed with a code that computes nebular emission from a supernova nebula. Synthetic spectra based on the classical explosion model W7 are unable to reproduce the large \FeIII/\FeII\ ratio and the low infrared flux at $\sim 1$ year after explosion, although the optical spectrum of SN\,2003hv is reproduced reasonably well for a supernova of luminosity intermediate between normal and subluminous (SN\,1991bg-like) ones. A possible solution is that the inner layers of the supernova ejecta ($v \lsim 8000$\,\kms) contain less mass than predicted by classical explosion models like W7. If this inner region contains $\sim 0.5 \Msun$ of material, as opposed to $\sim 0.9 \Msun$ in Chandrasekhar-mass models developed within the Single Degenerate scenario, the low density inhibits recombination, favouring the large \FeIII/\FeII\ ratio observed in the optical, and decreases the flux in the \FeII\ lines which dominate the IR spectrum. The most likely scenario may be an explosion of a sub-Chandrasekhar mass white dwarf. Alternatively, the violent/dynamical merger of two white dwarfs with combined mass exceeding the Chandrasekhar limit also shows a reduced inner density.
description: MNRAS, in press
Proposal for a digital converter of analog magnetic signals
Creators: name: Ertler, Christian
name: Fabian, Jaroslav
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: A device which converts analog magnetic signals directly into digital information is proposed. The device concept is based on the monostable-bistable transition logic element, which consists of two resonant tunneling diodes (load and driver) connected in series and employs the monostable-to-bistable working point transition of the circuit. Using a magnetic resonant tunneling diode as the driver allows to control the resulting working point of the bistable region by an external magnetic field leading either to high or low output voltage of the circuit, effectively realizing what could be called digital magnetoresistance.
Mapped Karst Groundwater Basins in the Somerset 30 X 60 Minute Quadrangle
Creators: name: Currens, James C.
name: Paylor, Randall L.
name: Ray, Joseph A.
name: Blair, Robert J.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Geological Survey, University of Kentucky
Year: 2011

description: Copyright: © 2011, University of Kentucky, Kentucky Geological Survey
Hofstadter butterflies of carbon nanotubes: Pseudofractality of the magnetoelectronic spectrum
Creators: name: Nemec, Norbert
name: Cuniberti, Gianaurelio
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: The electronic spectrum of a two-dimensional square lattice in a perpendicular magnetic field has become known as the Hofstadter butterfly [Hofstadter, Phys. Rev. B 14, 2239 (1976).]. We have calculated quasi-one-dimensional analogs of the Hofstadter butterfly for carbon nanotubes (CNTs). For the case of single-wall CNTs, it is straightforward to implement magnetic fields parallel to the tube axis by means of zone folding in the graphene reciprocal lattice. We have also studied perpendicular magnetic fields which, in contrast to the parallel case, lead to a much richer, pseudofractal spectrum. Moreover, we have investigated magnetic fields piercing double-wall CNTs and found strong signatures of interwall interaction in the resulting Hofstadter butterfly spectrum, which can be understood with the help of a minimal model. Ubiquitous to all perpendicular magnetic field spectra is the presence of cusp catastrophes at specific values of energy and magnetic field. Resolving the density of states along the tube circumference allows recognition of the snake states already predicted for nonuniform magnetic fields in the two-dimensional electron gas. An analytic model of the magnetic spectrum of electrons on a cylindrical surface is used to explain some of the results.
Additional file 2 of Non-linear dose response of DNA double strand breaks in response to chronic low dose radiation in individuals from high level natural radiation areas of Kerala coast
Creators: name: Jain, Vinay
name: Saini, Divyalakshmi
name: Soren, D. C.
name: Kumar, V. Anil
name: Vivek Kumar, P. R.
name: Koya, P. K. M.
name: Jaikrishan, G.
name: Das, Birajalaxmi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Supplementary Material 2
Crystallization of the Lewis-Wahnström ortho-terphenyl model
Creators: name: Pedersen, Ulf R.
name: Hudson, Toby S.
name: Harrowell, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Crystallization is observed during long molecular dynamics simulations of bent trimers, a molecular model proposed by Lewis and Wahnström for ortho-terphenyl. In the crystal, the three spheres that make up the rigid molecule sit near sites of a body centered cubic lattice, the trimer bond angle being almost optimal for this structure. The crystal exhibits orientational disorder with the molecules aligned randomly along the three Cartesian axis (an example of cubatic orientational order). The rotational and translational mobilities exhibit only modest decreases on crystallization, by factors of 10 and 3 respectively. The rotational relaxation does change from Debye-like in the liquid to large angle jumps in the crystal. We consider the origin of the superior glass forming ability of the the trimer over the monatomic liquid.
description: 6 pages
Design, microfabrication, and characterization of a moulded PDMS/SU-8 inkjet dispenser for a lab-on-a-printer platform technology
Creators: name: Bsoul, Anas Amjad Mohammad
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2020

description: This thesis presents a novel concept, lab-on-a-printer, whereby microfluidic modules are directly integrated into an inkjet dispenser. To enable this concept, a novel inkjet dispenser that can be integrated with microfluidic modules is designed, fabricated, and characterized. To limit the risk of cross contamination which is critical to many targeted applications, the inkjet dispenser is designed to have a modular structure that enables reusing its actuation unit and the disposal of its microfluidic chip. Furthermore, a low-cost fabrication process for the disposable microfluidic chip, mainly based on simple Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) moulding and SU-8 epoxy-based negative photoresist casting processes, is developed to reduce its cost. The use of PDMS in the fabrication of the microfluidic chip creates a path for its integration with pre-existing PDMS-based microfluidic modules. The fabricated inkjet dispensers are characterized to understand their limitations and identify their potential applications. For instance, droplet-to-droplet variations and maximum printable ink viscosity are used as characterization metrics. Diameters of more than 50,000 droplets per tested device are found to have a coefficient of variation (CV) in a range of 0.8% - 2.5% for each of 10 tested devices. A water and glycerol mixture with a viscosity of ~19 mP·s is identified as the mixture with maximum printable viscosity. Numerical simulations are employed to identify the key design parameters for the inkjet dispenser. These simulation results, combined with manufacturability constraints, are used to derive techniques for improving performance, hence broadening the potential applications of the technology. This resulted in inkjet dispensers with improved performance, where the maximum printable viscosity is doubled, meeting and surpassing commercial devices. Finally, a novel approach to integrate microfluidics with the inkjet dispenser is presented. This approach is successfully implemented to integrate the inkjet dispenser with a microfluidic mixer to demonstrate the capability of the integrated lab-on-a-printer platform concept, specifically the capability of printing patterns with a configurable ink composition. The presented lab-on-a-printer concept has potential applications in multiple scientific fields including biology, chemistry, and printable electronics.
Proposal for all-electrical measurement of T1 in semiconductors
Creators: name: Zutic, Igor
name: Fabian, Jaroslav
name: Sarma, S. Das
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: In an inhomogeneously-doped magnetic semiconductor, spin relaxation time T1 can be determined by all-electrical measurements. Nonequilibrium spin injected in a magnetic p–n junction gives rise to the spin-voltaic effect, in which the nonequilibrium spin-induced charge current is very sensitive to T1 and can flow even at no applied bias. It is proposed that T1 can be determined by measuring the I–V characteristics in such a geometry. In a magnetic p–n junction, for which the results can be calculated analytically, it is also possible to extract the g-factor and the degree of injected-carrier spin polarization.
Baryon spectroscopy and heavy quarks
Creators: name: Richard, Jean-Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two topics are briefly reviewed in this talk: the decay of flavored hadrons or quarkonium states involving a baryon--antibaryon pair, and the spectroscopy of heavy baryons containing one, two or three heavy quarks. Some prospects for exotic heavy baryons are also discussed.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, Invited talk at "Charm 2010", 4th Int. Workshop on Charm Physics, Oct. 21-24, 2010, IHEP, Beijing, China, to appear in the Proceedings, ed.\ Hai-Bo Li et al., to be published in IJMPCS
Carrier-induced ferromagnetism in Ge(Mn,Fe) magnetic semiconductor thin-film structures
Creators: name: Gareev, Rashid
name: Bugoslavsky, Y.
name: Schreiber, R.
name: Paul, A.
name: Sperl, Matthias
name: Döppe, Matthias
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We report on the carrier-induced ferromagnetism in Ge(Mn,Fe) magnetic semiconductor insulating-type thin-film structures prepared using sequential deposition at Tg=520 K with subsequent annealing at Tg. In the resulting films Mn and Fe are diffused in the Ge matrix without compromising the epitaxial structure. The anomalous Hall effect serves as a manifestation of the carrier-induced magnetism, with p-type conductivity and the Curie temperature TC=209 K. The additional doping with Fe stabilizes epitaxial growth and carrier-mediated magnetism at levels of magnetic doping exceeding 10%. We conclude that indirect ferromagnetic exchange is mediated by localized holes with concentration n${\approx}$1020 cm–3 and mobility µ${\approx}$10 cm2/(V s).
Additional file 3 of Non-linear dose response of DNA double strand breaks in response to chronic low dose radiation in individuals from high level natural radiation areas of Kerala coast
Creators: name: Jain, Vinay
name: Saini, Divyalakshmi
name: Soren, D. C.
name: Kumar, V. Anil
name: Vivek Kumar, P. R.
name: Koya, P. K. M.
name: Jaikrishan, G.
name: Das, Birajalaxmi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Supplementary Material 3
Impact of Mobility on the Performance of Multicast Routing Protocols in MANET
Creators: name: Manoharan, R.
name: Ilavarasan, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The advent of ubiquitous computing and the proliferation of portable computing devices have raised the importance of mobile ad-hoc network. A major challenge lies in adapting multicast communication into such environments where mobility and link failures are inevitable. The purpose of this paper is to study impact of mobility models in performance of multicast routing protocols in MANET. In this work, three widely used mobility models such as Random Way Point, Reference Point Group and Manhattan mobility models and three popular multicast routing protocols such as On-Demand Multicast Routing Protocol, Multicast Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector Routing protocol and Adaptive Demand driven Multicast Routing protocol have been chosen and implemented in NS2. Several experiments have been carried out to study the relative strengths, weakness and applicability of multicast protocols to these mobility models.
description: 10 Pages, IJWMN
Additional file 4 of Non-linear dose response of DNA double strand breaks in response to chronic low dose radiation in individuals from high level natural radiation areas of Kerala coast
Creators: name: Jain, Vinay
name: Saini, Divyalakshmi
name: Soren, D. C.
name: Kumar, V. Anil
name: Vivek Kumar, P. R.
name: Koya, P. K. M.
name: Jaikrishan, G.
name: Das, Birajalaxmi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Supplementary Material 4
Spin-polarized current amplification and spin injection in magnetic bipolar transistor
Creators: name: Fabian, Jaroslav
name: Zutic, Igor
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: The magnetic bipolar transistor (MBT) is a bipolar junction transistor with an equilibrium and nonequilibrium spin (magnetization) in the emitter, base, or collector. The low-injection theory of spin-polarized transport through MBT's and of a more general case of an array of magnetic p-n junctions is developed and illustrated on several important cases. Two main physical phenomena are discussed: electrical spin injection and spin control of current amplification (magnetoamplification). It is shown that a source spin can be injected from the emitter to the collector. If the base of a MBT has an equilibrium magnetization, the spin can be injected from the base to the collector by intrinsic spin injection. The resulting spin accumulation in the collector is proportional to exp(qVbe/kBT), where q is the proton charge, Vbe is the bias in the emitter-base junction, and kBT is the thermal energy. To control the electrical current through MBT's both the equilibrium and the nonequilibrium spin can be employed. The equilibrium spin controls the magnitude of the equilibrium electron and hole densities, thereby controlling the currents. Increasing the equilibrium spin polarization of the base (emitter) increases (decreases) the current amplification. If there is a nonequilibrium spin in the emitter, and the base or the emitter has an equilibrium spin, a spin-valve effect can lead to a giant magnetoamplification effect, where the current amplifications for the parallel and antiparallel orientations of the equilibrium and nonequilibrium spins differ significantly. The theory is elucidated using qualitative analyses and is illustrated on a MBT example with generic materials parameters.
Assessment of atrial fibrillation patients' education needs.
Creators: name: Salmasi, Shahrzad
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2019

description: Introduction: Education facilitates construction of a correct illness representation, corrects beliefs about medications and improves patients’ illness-treatment coherence. There is no consensus on the best education strategy for atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. Identifying patients’ education needs is the first step towards development of an effective education program. Purpose: The overall aim of this thesis was to provide insights into AF patients’ education needs from patient and clinician viewpoints, and to inform the design of AF patient education programs and initiatives. Methods: The current evidence on AF patients’ knowledge gaps was summarized through a literature review. This was followed by a qualitative descriptive study utilizing semi-structured interviews with patients and clinicians who were recruited through purposive sampling. All interviews were conducted by a Master of science student. The interviews were conducted in English, in a private room or over the phone, without the presence of any non-participants. Each interview lasted approximately 30 minutes and was audio-recorded. Verbatim transcripts were generated within three days of the interview. The reporting of this qualitative study conforms to the Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research (SQRQ) and the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ). Analysis: The analysis of the data was iterative, occurring as interviews proceeded. The interview guides were revised frequently based on the emerging data. The data collected were analyzed through inductive qualitative thematic analysis. Data from patients and clinicians were analyzed independently. Results: Eleven clinicians and ten patients were interviewed. Clinician and patient interviews led to emergence of three and four themes, respectively. This research went beyond identification of knowledge gaps by offering a rich description on patients’ misconceptions, information seeking behavior, education style preferences, attitudes towards online education, expectations of an education program, emotional education needs, preferences for risk communication, and clinicians’ views on the topic. A key finding of my study was the identification of patients’ emotional education needs: the need for education that addresses patients’ concerns and relieves their anxiety. Summarizing my study findings, I offered a set of recommendations that can be used by those involved in educating AF patients.
Heliophysics Event Knowledgebase for the Solar Dynamics Observatory and Beyond
Creators: name: Hurlburt, N.
name: Cheung, M.
name: Schrijver, C.
name: Chang, L.
name: Freeland, S.
name: Green, S.
name: Heck, C.
name: Jaffey, A.
name: Kobashi, A.
name: Schiff, D.
name: Serafin, J.
name: Seguin, R.
name: Slater, G.
name: Somani, A.
name: Timmons, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The immense volume of data generated by the suite of instruments on SDO requires new tools for efficient identifying and accessing data that is most relevant to research investigations. We have developed the Heliophysics Events Knowledgebase (HEK) to fill this need. The HEK system combines automated data mining using feature-detection methods and high-performance visualization systems for data markup. In addition, web services and clients are provided for searching the resulting metadata, reviewing results, and efficiently accessing the data. We review these components and present examples of their use with SDO data.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures
The Ebers–Moll model for magnetic bipolar transistors
Creators: name: Fabian, Jaroslav
name: Zutic, Igor
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: The equivalent electrical circuit of the Ebers–Moll-type is introduced for magnetic bipolar transistors. In addition to conventional diodes and current sources, the new circuit comprises two novel elements due to spin-charge coupling. A classification scheme of the operating modes of magnetic bipolar transistors in the low bias regime is presented. ©2005 American Institute of Physics
Spin injection into silicon
Creators: name: Zutic, Igor
name: Fabian, Jaroslav
name: Erwin, Steven C.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: Spin injection and detection in silicon is a difficult problem, in part because the weak spin-orbit coupling and indirect gap preclude using standard optical techniques. Two ways to overcome this difficulty are proposed, both based on spin-polarized transport across a heterojunction. Using a realistic transport model incorporating the relevant spin dynamics of both electrons and holes, it is argued that symmetry properties of the charge current can be exploited to detect electrical spin injection in silicon using currently available techniques.
Additional file 1 of The roles of multi-component interventions in reducing mistreatment of women and enhancing respectful maternity care: a systematic review
Creators: name: Kasaye, Habtamu
name: Sheehy, Annabel
name: Scarf, Vanessa
name: Baird, Kathleen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Infrared and optical polarimetry around the low-mass star-forming region NGC 1333 IRAS 4A
Creators: name: Alves, Felipe O.
name: Acosta-Pulido, José A.
name: Girart, Josep M.
name: Franco, Gabriel A. P.
name: López, Rosario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed J- and R-band linear polarimetry with the 4.2 m William Herschel Telescope at the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos and with the 1.6 m telescope at the Observatório do Pico dos Dias, respectively, to derive the magnetic field geometry of the diffuse molecular cloud surrounding the embedded protostellar system NGC 1333 IRAS 4A. We obtained interstellar polarization data for about two dozen stars. The distribution of polarization position angles has low dispersion and suggests the existence of an ordered magnetic field component at physical scales larger than the protostar. Some of the observed stars present intrinsic polarization and evidence of being young stellar objects. The estimated mean orientation of the interstellar magnetic field as derived from these data is almost perpendicular to the main direction of the magnetic field associated with the dense molecular envelope around IRAS 4A. Since the distribution of the CO emission in NGC 1333 indicates that the diffuse molecular gas has a multi-layered structure, we suggest that the observed polarization position angles are caused by the superposed projection along the line of sight of different magnetic field components.
description: 37 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables, accepted for publication in AJ
Switching and defect dynamics in multistable liquid crystal devices
Creators: name: Tiribocchi, A.
name: Gonnella, G.
name: Marenduzzo, D.
name: Orlandini, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the switching dynamics of multistable nematic liquid crystal devices. In particular we identify a remarkably simple 2-dimensional (2D) device which exploits hybrid alignment at the surfaces to yield a bistable response. We also consider a 3-dimensional (3D) tristable nematic device with patterned anchoring, recently implemented in practice, and discuss how the director and disclination patterns change during switching.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures
title: Indentation-Induced Structural Changes in Vitreous Silica Probed by in-situ Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering
Creators: name: Fuhrmann, Sindy
name: Macedo, Guilherme N. B. M. de
name: Limbach, René
name: Krywka, Christina
name: Bruns, Sebastian
name: Durst, Karsten
name: Wondraczek, Lothar
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2023

description: The transient (or permanent) structural modifications which occur during local deformation of oxide glasses are typically studied on the basis of short-range data, for example, obtained through vibrational spectroscopy. This is in contrast to macroscopic observations, where variations in material density can usually not be explained using next-neighbor correlations alone. Recent experiments employing low-frequency Raman spectroscopy have pointed-out this issue, emphasizing that the deformation behavior of glasses is mediated through structural heterogeneity and drawing an analogy to granular media. Here, we provide additional support to this understanding, using an alternative experimental method. Structural modification of vitreous silica in the stress field of a sharp diamond indenter tip was monitored by in-situ small-angle X-ray scattering. The influenced zone during loading and after unloading was compared, demonstrating that changes in the position of the first sharp diffraction peak (FSDP) directly in the center of the indent are of permanent character. On the other hand, variations in the amplitude of electron density fluctuations (AEDF) appear to fully recover after load release. The lateral extent of the modifications and their relaxation are related to the short- to intermediate-range structure and elastic heterogeneity pertinent to the glass network. With support from Finite Element Analysis, we suggest that different structural length scales govern shear deformation and isotropic compaction in vitreous silica.
Eigenfunctions decay for magnetic pseudodifferential operators
Creators: name: Iftimie, Viorel
name: Purice, Radu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35B40, 35J10, 35Q40, 35S05, 81Q15

description: We prove rapid decay (even exponential decay under some stronger assumptions) of the eigenfunctions associated to discrete eigenvalues, for a class of self-adjoint operators in $L^2(\mathbb{R}^d)$ defined by ``magnetic'' pseudodifferential operators (studied in \cite{IMP1}). This class contains the relativistic Schrödinger operator with magnetic field.
Additional file 2 of The roles of multi-component interventions in reducing mistreatment of women and enhancing respectful maternity care: a systematic review
Creators: name: Kasaye, Habtamu
name: Sheehy, Annabel
name: Scarf, Vanessa
name: Baird, Kathleen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2.
Recent Results and Perspectives for Precision Astrometry and Photometry with Adaptive Optics
Creators: name: Lu, Jessica R.
name: Ghez, Andrea M.
name: Yelda, Sylvana
name: Do, Tuan
name: Clarkson, Will
name: McCrady, Nate
name: Morris, Mark R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large ground-based telescopes equipped with adaptive optics (AO) systems have ushered in a new era of high-resolution infrared photometry and astrometry. Relative astrometric accuracies of <0.2 mas have already been demonstrated from infrared images with spatial resolutions of 55-95 mas resolution over 10-20'' fields of view. Relative photometric accuracies of 3% and absolute photometric accuracies of 5%-20% are also possible. I will review improvements and current limitations in astrometry and photometry with adaptive optics of crowded stellar fields. These capabilities enable experiments such as measuring orbits for brown dwarfs and exoplanets, studying our Galaxy's supermassive black hole and its environment, and identifying individual stars in young star clusters, which can be used test the universality of the initial mass function.
description: SPIE Conference Proceeding
title: Studi in onore di Antonio Fiorella (volume II)
Creators: name: Catenacci, Mauro
name: Rampioni, Roberto
name: D’Ascola, Vincenzo Nico
Publisher: name: RomaTrE-Press
Year: 2021

description: L’opera collaziona un consistente numero di saggi, dedicati ad Antonio Fiorella quale testimonianza del significativo contributo da lui fornito alla scienza penalistica e firmati sia da esponenti di chiara fama, italiani e stranieri, dell’Accademia, della Magistratura e dell’Avvocatura, che da giovani studiosi della materia penalistica. Con essa si è inteso offrire un ‘luogo’ di confronto e di approfondimento critico sullo stato del diritto penale e sulle sue possibili prospettive di sviluppo, in un momento storico, come quello attuale, nel quale le categorie fondamentali del diritto penale liberale sembrano messe duramente messe alla prova dall’emergere, sia nel sentire sociale che nella stessa legislazione, di preoccupanti istanze iper-securitarie e iper-punitive.
Bipolar Spintronics
Creators: name: Zutic, Igor
name: Fabian, Jaroslav
name: Erwin, Steven C.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: By incorporating spin-dependent properties and magnetism in semiconductor structures, new applications can be considered which go beyond magnetoresistive effects in metallic systems. Notwithstanding the prospects for spin/magnetism-enhanced logic in semiconductors, many important theoretical, experimental, and materials challenges remain. Here we discuss the challenges for realizing a particular class of associated applications and our proposal for bipolar spintronic devices in which carriers of both polarities (electrons and holes) would contribute to spin-charge coupling. We formulate the theoretical framework for bipolar spinpolarized transport and describe several novel effects in two- and three-terminal structures which arise from the interplay between nonequilibrium spin and equilibrium magnetization.
Rationality of rationally connected threefolds admitting non-isomorphic endomorphisms
Creators: name: Zhang, De-Qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14E20, 14J45, 14E08, 32H50

description: We prove a structure theorem for non-isomorphic endomorphisms of weak Q-Fano threefolds, or more generally for threefolds with big anti-canonical divisor. Also provided is a criterion for a fibred rationally connected threefold to be rational. As a consequence, we show (without using the classification) that every smooth Fano threefold having a non-isomorphic surjective endomorphism is rational.
description: Transactions of the American Mathematical Society, to appear; 21 pages
Factors associated with cervical cancer screening in sexual and gender minority populations
Creators: name: Chan, Candace
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2019

description: Introduction Cervical cancer is the 13th most prevalent cancer in Canada and in 2017, there was an expected 1,550 new cases and 400 deaths related to cervical cancer. For cervical cancer screening, the BC Cancer Agency recommends that women between 25-69 years of age, be screened every 3 years. Population-based data has shown that cervical cancer screening rates are decreasing, and this is troublesome in sexual and gender minority (SGM) communities since these communities are at a higher risk for cervical cancer than their heterosexual counterparts. The purpose of this study is to identify factors associated with cervical cancer screening in the SGM community in British Columbia. Methods A mixed-methods cross-sectional survey was developed for this study. Participants who speak English, have access to the internet, were at least 21 years of age, reside in BC, have a cervix and self-identify as a member of the SGM community were included in this study. Results A total of 239 participants were included in this study and 81% of participants that were eligible to be screened based on BC Cancer screening guidelines, accessed screening. Participants who were eligible for screening were mainly white, had post-secondary education and lived in Vancouver, BC. From multiple logistic regression analyses, adjusted for age, BMI, culture and education, barriers associated with screening within recommended guidelines were self-identifying as asexual (AOR: 0.06; 95% CI: 0.01-0.040) and perceiving more barriers (AOR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.74-0.89), whereas facilitators were not receiving poor service when using a telephone health line (AOR: 2.63; 95% CI: 1.01-7.14) and being health motivated (AOR: 1.13; 95% ci: 1.02-1.25). Analysis of qualitative data led to the identification of six themes as barriers (such as history of sexual assault, and gender dysphoria) and one theme, tailored services, as a facilitator. Conclusion While BC has sexual and gender inclusive guidelines for cervical cancer screening, barriers for accessing cervical cancer screening still exist and this needs to be addressed across all sectors, from health care providers to the SGM communities themselves.
Homomorphisms from a finite group into wreath products
Creators: name: Schlage-Puchta, Jan-Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20P05

description: Let $G$ be a finite group, $A$ a finite abelian group. Each homomorphism $ϕ:G\to A\wr S_n$ induces a homomorphism $\barϕ:G\to A$ in a natural way. We show that as $ϕ$ is chosen randomly, then the distribution of $\barϕ$ is close to uniform. As application we prove a conjecture of T. Müller on the number of homomorphisms from a finite group into Weyl groups of type $D_n$.
Magnetic Bipolar Transistor
Creators: name: Fabian, Jaroslav
name: Zutic, Igor
name: Sarma, S. Das
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: A magnetic bipolar transistor is a bipolar junction transistor with one or more magnetic regions, and/or with an externally injected nonequilibrium (source) spin. It is shown that electrical spin injection through the transistor is possible in the forward active regime. It is predicted that the current amplification of the transistor can be tuned by spin. ©2004 American Institute of Physics.
Transition pressures and enthalpy barriers for the cubic diamond-->beta-tin transition in Si and Ge under nonhydrostatic conditions
Creators: name: Gaál-Nagy, Katalin
name: Strauch, Dieter
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We present an ab initio study of the phase transition cubic diamond-->beta-tin in Si and Ge under hydrostatic and nonhydrostatic pressure. For this purpose we have developed a method to calculate the influence of nonhydrostatic pressure components not only on the transition pressure but also on the enthalpy barriers between the phases. The calculations were performed using the plane-wave pseudopotential approach to the density-functional theory within the local-density and the generalized-gradient approximation implemented in VASP. We find good agreement with available experimental and other theoretical data.
Use of Spatial Analysis to Support Environmental Health Research and Practice
Creators: name: Miranda, Marie Lynn
name: Edwards, S.E
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2023

description: Recent advances in spatial statistics and geographic information systems provide innovative platforms for diagnosing environmental health problems and for developing interventions. This article discusses when and where spatial techniques can most effectively be deployed to address environmental health issues, especially as they relate to environmental justice concerns.
Selective darkening of degenerate transitions demonstrated with two superconducting quantum bits
Creators: name: de Groot, P. C.
name: Lisenfeld, J.
name: Schouten, R. N.
name: Ashhab, S.
name: Lupascu, A.
name: Harmans, C. J. P. M.
name: Mooij, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Controlled manipulation of quantum states is central to studying natural and artificial quantum systems. If a quantum system consists of interacting sub-units, the nature of the coupling may lead to quantum levels with degenerate energy differences. This degeneracy makes frequency-selective quantum operations impossible. For the prominent group of transversely coupled two-level systems, i.e. qubits, we introduce a method to selectively suppress one transition of a degenerate pair while coherently exciting the other, effectively creating artificial selection rules. It requires driving two qubits simultaneously with the same frequency and specified relative amplitude and phase. We demonstrate our method on a pair of superconducting flux qubits. It can directly be applied to the other superconducting qubits, and to any other qubit type that allows for individual driving. Our results provide a single-pulse controlled-NOT gate for the class of transversely coupled qubits.
Resonant tunneling magnetoresistance in antiferromagnetically coupled Fe-based structures with multilayered Si/Ge spacers
Creators: name: Gareev, Rashid
name: Weides, Martin
name: Schreiber, Reinert
name: Poppe, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We report on the experimental evidence of the tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) effect near 3% and its inversion in strongly antiferromagnetically coupled Fe (001)/([Si(0.2 nm)/Ge(0.2 nm)]*5)/Fe epitaxial structures with diffused interfaces. We explain the inversion of TMR with biasing voltage by resonant tunneling across impurity states with weak spin split E${\approx}$10 meV and spin-dependent filtering in the spacer layer. The resonant tunneling is manifested in spin-dependent resonances close to zero biasing voltages related to antiferromagnetic coupling across impurity states.
A Modified Cross Correlation Algorithm for Reference-free Image Alignment of Non-Circular Projections in Single-Particle Electron Microscopy
Creators: name: Park, Wooram
name: Chirikjian, Gregory S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we propose a modified cross correlation method to align images from the same class in single-particle electron microscopy of highly non-spherical structures. In this new method, First we coarsely align projection images, and then re-align the resulting images using the cross correlation (CC) method. The coarse alignment is obtained by matching the centers of mass and the principal axes of the images. The distribution of misalignment in this coarse alignment can be quantified based on the statistical properties of the additive background noise. As a consequence, the search space for re-alignment in the cross correlation method can be reduced to achieve better alignment. In order to overcome problems associated with false peaks in the cross correlations function, we use artificially blurred images for the early stage of the iterative cross correlation method and segment the intermediate class average from every iteration step. These two additional manipulations combined with the reduced search space size in the cross correlation method yield better alignments for low signal-to-noise ratio images than both classical cross correlation and maximum likelihood(ML) methods.
description: 29pages
Entanglement distillation by adiabatic passage in coupled quantum dots
Creators: name: Fabian, Jaroslav
name: Hohenester, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: The adiabatic passage of two correlated electrons in three coupled quantum dots is shown to provide a robust and controlled way of distilling, transporting, and detecting spin entanglement, as well as measuring the rate of spin disentanglement. By employing tunable interdot coupling the scheme creates from an unentangled two-electron state, a superposition of spatially separated singlet and triplet states. A single measurement of a dot population (charge) collapses the wave function to either of these states, realizing the entanglement to the charge conversion. The scheme is robust, with the efficiency close to 100%, for a large range of realistic spectral parameters.