cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Surface phonons limit heat conduction in thin films
Creators: name: Morita, Michimasa
name: Shiga, Takuma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding microscopic heat conduction in thin films is important for nano/micro heat transfer and thermal management for advanced electronics. As the thickness of thin films is comparable to or shorter than a phonon wavelength, phonon dispersion relations and transport properties are significantly modulated, which should be taken into account for heat conduction in thin films. Although phonon confinement and depletion effects have been considered, it should be emphasized that surface-localized phonons (surface phonons) arise whose influence on heat conduction may not be negligible due to the high surface-to-volume ratio. However, the role of surface phonons in heat conduction has received little attention thus far. In the present work, we performed anharmonic lattice dynamics calculations to investigate the thickness and temperature dependence of in-plane thermal conductivity of silicon thin films with sub-10-nm thickness in terms of surface phonons. Through systematic analysis of the influences of surface phonons, we found that anharmonic coupling between surface and internal phonons localized in thin films significantly suppresses overall in-plane heat conduction in thin films. We also discovered that specific low-frequency surface phonons significantly contribute to surface--internal phonon scattering and heat conduction suppression. Our findings are beneficial for the thermal management of electronics and phononic devices and may lead to surface phonon engineering for thermal conductivity control.
Mass accretion histories & density profiles of LCDM clusters
Creators: name: Tasitsiomi, Argyro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the mass accretion histories (MAHs) and density profiles of cluster-size halos in a flat LCDM cosmology.To fit the MAHs of all systems we need to generalize the MAH fit found in previous systematic studies of predominantly galactic halos.We find that the concentration of the density distribution is tightly correlated with the halo MAH and its formation redshift. During the early period of fast mass growth the concentration remains roughly constant and low (~3-4), while during the slow accretion phase it increases with decreasing redshift as 1/(1+z).We consider fits of three widely discussed analytic density profiles.We find that there is no unique best fit for all clusters.At the same time, if a cluster is best fit by a particular analytic profile at z=0, the same is usually true at earlier epochs out to z ~ 1-2.The local logarithmic slope of the density profiles at 3% of the virial radius ranges from -1.2 to -2.0.In addition, the logarithmic slope becomes shallower with decreasing radius without reaching an asymptotic value down to the smallest resolved scale (<1% of the virial radius).During the early MAH period of rapid mass growth the density profiles can be well described by a single power law rho(r) ~ r^-a with a ~ 1.5-2.The relatively shallow power law slopes result in low concentrations at these stages of evolution, as the scale radius where the density profiles reaches the slope of -2 is at large radii.This indicates that the inner power law like density distribution of halos is built up during the periods of rapid mass accretion and active merging, while the outer steeper profile is formed when the mass accretion slows down.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the XXIst IAP Colloquium 'Mass profiles and shapes of cosmological structures', Paris 4-9 July 2005, France, eds. G. Mamon, F. Combes, C. Deffayet, B. Fort, EAS Publications Series
The Development Process of Japanese Rice Farming in Butte County in the Early 1910s
Creators: name: Tateiwa, Toshikazu
name: Tateiwa, Toshikazu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: rice industry in California
subject: Japanese immigrant
subject: rice farming of Japanese immigrant
subject: Butte County
subject: Tsunetarô Hayashi

description: Many Japanese immigrants were engaged in the early period of rice farming in California, which began in 1912. We find no records regarding Japanese rice farmers in Butte County, where early rice farming in California started, among the official documents in the Chattel Mortgages Records for any date prior to 1915. However, the documents of the relevant title company tell us that Japanese rice farming in Butte County had already begun in the early 1910s. We also know that the relationships between Japanese rice farmers and landowners were very strong and steady. We presume that Japanese rice farmers secured the funds for their management from their landowners. These relationships of Japanese rice farmers and landowners can be considered one of the distinguishing characteristics of early 1910s Butte County. This trait was not similar to that in Colusa County.
Microgaster subtorquata GRANGER 1949
Creators: name: Madl, M.
name: Achterberg, C. Van
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Braconidae
Microgaster
Microgaster subtorquata

description: Microgaster subtorquata GRANGER 1949
 Microgaster subtorquatus n.sp.: GRANGER 1949: 220 (key), 222 (fig. 222), 225 (fig. 238), 228 (descr. ♂ ♀, Madagascar).
 Microgaster subtorquatus GRANGER 1949: SHENEFELT 1973: 732 (cat.).
D i s t r i b u t i o n Madagascar: Prov. Toamasina: Andasibe (Perinet) – Prov. Toliara: Bekily.
Endemic.
description: Published as part of Madl, M. & Achterberg, C. Van, 2014, A catalogue of the Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) of the Malagasy subregion, pp. 5-220 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 46 (1) on page 146, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4507364
MUHAMMAD SHAYBONIYXON VA ISMOIL SAFAVIY O'RTASIDAGI MAKTUBLASHUV
Creators: name: Qayumov  Zokirjon  Shokirjon o'g'li                                                        Namangan  davlat  universiteti                                                                             Tarix  yo'nalishi  magistranti
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ilmiy  maqolada  o’z  davrining  qudratli  hukmdorlaridan  bo’lgan  Shayboniyxon  va  shoh  Ismoil  Safaviy  o’rtasidagi  diplomatik  munosabatlar  tarixiy  manbalar  asosida  yoritib  berilgan. 

Kalit  so’zlar:

Shayboniyxon, Ismoil Safaviy, “Olamoroyi Safaviy”,  “Taixi Rashidiy”, “Abdullanoma”, “Musaxxir  al-bilod”
Cost of living, salaries, consumption and the situation of the Italian middle classes
Creators: name: TAGLIACARNE, G.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Italy, middle class, lira, depreciation, inflation, real wages
subject: E24, E31, J31, F31

description: The article examines and compares the recent developments arising from the depreciation of the lira. The author calls attention to some disturbances of social importance caused by recent inflationary phenomena in Italy; more especially to the erosion of real wages and the tendency to level down remuneration, a tendency leading to serious disruptions in the status of some of the most valuable categories of the Italian middle class. JEL: E24, E31, J31, F31
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 1, N. 2 (1947)
title: Ethnicity, learning disability, and the Mental Capacity Act 2005 : a social constructionist ethnography of an integrated learning disability service
Creators: name: Boahen, Godfred Fordjour
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2014

description: This thesis explores how the Mental Capacity Act 2005 (MeA) is operationalised within an integrated statutory learning disability service and examines how the legislation IS manifested in everyday lived experience of an ethnic minority. In England and Wales, the MCA established a framework for assessing cognitive decision-making ability with mental capacity conceptualised as 'objective', 'rational' and person-specific. Taking as points of departure rationality and individualism which are associated with Western liberal democracy, the MCA evokes interest in how the notion of mental capacity is understood within different cultures. In the statutory context, with on-going heated debates about the epistemology of mental capacity, there is the need to examine how professionals concretise an arguably nebulous concept in their roles. These aforementioned issues are addressed in this thesis through examination of data collected during two phases of ethnographic fieldwork in a London local authority. Proposing a new relational model as a theoretical approach, I P:: .. it is argued that ethnicity, learning disability, and mental capacity emanate from human interactions; therefore, greater attention should be paid to context and localised meanings to better understand how they interact in everyday living.
Italian tax policy
Creators: name: COSCIANI, C.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fiscal policy, Italy, Italian tax system, inflation, reconstruction, capital levy, reform
subject: E62, E31, H20

description: The article provides a reasoned survey of the intricate network of fiscal measures taken by the Italian Government in the last few years. This study, with its references to the several laws and special measures, will be useful to the reader desirous of information on the superstructures added to the Italian tax system as a result of the war, on the impediments placed in its way by inflationary forces, on the steps and the provisions taken to offset them, on the reasons for their success or failure, on the progress so far made in spite of the many difficulties, on the principal problems that still have to be solved. This is an aspect of Italian reconstruction now entering on a decisive phase with the application of the capital levy and with the expected beginning of the work for a general fiscal reform. JEL: E62, E31, H20
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 1, N. 2 (1947)
Microgaster torquatiger GRANGER 1949
Creators: name: Madl, M.
name: Achterberg, C. Van
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Braconidae
Microgaster
Microgaster torquatiger

description: Microgaster torquatiger GRANGER 1949
 Microgaster torquatiger n.sp.: GRANGER 1949: 220 (key), 225 (fig. 229), 228 (fig. 245), 234 (descr. ♀, Madagascar).
 Microgaster torquatiger GRANGER 1949: SHENEFELT 1973: 735 (cat.).
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Madagascar: Prov. Antananarivo: Antsirabe.
Endemic.
description: Published as part of Madl, M. & Achterberg, C. Van, 2014, A catalogue of the Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) of the Malagasy subregion, pp. 5-220 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 46 (1) on page 146, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4507364
Quantum spin systems at positive temperature
Creators: name: Biskup, Marek
name: Chayes, Lincoln
name: Starr, Shannon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 82B10; 82B26; 81Q20

description: We develop a novel approach to phase transitions in quantum spin models based on a relation to their classical counterparts. Explicitly, we show that whenever chessboard estimates can be used to prove a phase transition in the classical model, the corresponding quantum model will have a similar phase transition, provided the inverse temperature $β$ and the magnitude of the quantum spins $\CalS$ satisfy $β\ll\sqrt\CalS$. From the quantum system we require that it is reflection positive and that it has a meaningful classical limit; the core technical estimate may be described as an extension of the Berezin-Lieb inequalities down to the level of matrix elements. The general theory is applied to prove phase transitions in various quantum spin systems with $\CalS\gg1$. The most notable examples are the quantum orbital-compass model on $\Z^2$ and the quantum 120-degree model on $\Z^3$ which are shown to exhibit symmetry breaking at low-temperatures despite the infinite degeneracy of their (classical) ground state.
description: 47 pages, version to appear in CMP (style files included)
The challenge of an expanded therapeutic window in pulmonary hypertension
Creators: name: Stewart, Simon
name: Strange, Geoffrey Arthur
name: Playford, David
Publisher: name: Torrens University Australia
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110201 Cardiology (incl. Cardiovascular Diseases)
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Our understanding of the causes and consequences of pulmonary hypertension is limited. Consequently, its most distinctive forms with the worst prognosis have been the focus for diagnosis and treatment. We highlight the emerging challenge of reframing the prevalence and prognostic implications of pulmonary hypertension, focusing on the optimal therapeutic window to address the high mortality linked to this condition.
The Italian money market and the financig of the Treasury
Creators: name: MANCINI, M.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Italian banking system, Treasury, reserve requirements, money market
subject: G10, G21, E44

description: The article outlines the contribution made by the Italian banking system to financing the Treasury, and the devices and the circumstances that favoured its development. The business revival, by competing for bank loans, has of late weakened to a marked degree the position of the Treasury. This has given rise to new problems and to a proposal for a system of reserve requirements which would assure the Treasury a steady flow of funds during this critical period. JEL: G10, G21, E44
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 1, N. 2 (1947)
Path integral calculation of heat kernel traces with first order operator insertions
Creators: name: Bastianelli, Fiorenzo
name: Comberiati, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study generalized heat kernel coefficients, which appear in the trace of the heat kernel with an insertion of a first-order differential operator, by using a path integral representation. These coefficients may be used to study gravitational anomalies, i.e. anomalies in the conservation of the stress tensor. We use the path integral method to compute the coefficients related to the gravitational anomalies of theories in a non-abelian gauge background and flat space of dimensions 2, 4, and 6. In 4 dimensions one does not expect to have genuine gravitational anomalies. However, they may be induced at intermediate stages by regularization schemes that fail to preserve the corresponding symmetry. A case of interest has recently appeared in the study of the trace anomalies of Weyl fermions.
description: 24 pages, modified title, reference and comments added, matches published version
Improvements in electronic speckle pattern interferometry for residual stress measurements
Creators: name: Cavusoglu, Mehmet Cagdas
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry (ESPI) is an optical technique used for measuring surface displacements in the order of a wavelength of light by comparing interference patterns taken before and after surface deformation. Residual stress measurement is one of the applications where ESPI is useful. The technique is attractive because it provides very detailed information on deformation field and low per-measurement cost. However, ESPI data possess high noise content due to its high sensitivity to disturbances. In this research, factors that affect the quality of ESPI data were studied. The most important ones were found to be the specimen surface quality, illumination level and speckle size. The image quality was greatly improved by surface preparation. Good and faulty data were separated by evaluating their modulation level and identifying the saturated pixels. Mathematical methods were proposed to improve the data quality by either replacing the faulty data with good data or smoothing the data by filtering. Two common-path arrangements with single and double mirrors, which provide in-plane sensitive measurements, were designed to eliminate the separate and delicate optical paths. They improved the stability of ESPI measurements and greatly reduced the pixel drift that was a problem in the existing arrangement. The double mirror arrangement provided the measurement of full stress field. The single mirror method was confirmed by stress measurement, whereas the double mirror method could not be validated due to low data quality. Recommendations were made for an enhanced future design of this method.
On quantales that classify C*-algebras
Creators: name: Kruml, David
name: Resende, Pedro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 46L05; Secondary 06F07, 46L85, 46M15, 54A05

description: The functor Max of Mulvey assigns to each unital C*-algebra A the unital involutive quantale Max A of closed linear subspaces of A, and it has been remarked that it classifies unital C*-algebras up to *-isomorphism. In this paper we provide a proof of this and of the stronger fact that for every isomorphism u : Max A -> Max B of unital involutive quantales there is a *-isomorphism u' : A -> B such that Max u' coincides with u when restricted to the left-sided elements of Max A. But we also show that isomorphisms u : Max A -> Max B may exist for which no isomorphism v : A -> B is such that Max v = u.
Formation and Collapse of Nonaxisymmetric Protostellar Cores in Planar Magnetic Molecular Clouds
Creators: name: Basu, Shantanu
name: Ciolek, Glenn E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend our earlier work on ambipolar diffusion induced formation of protostellar cores in isothermal sheet-like magnetic interstellar clouds, by studying nonaxisymmetric collapse for the physically interesting regime of magnetically critical and supercritical model clouds ($\mui \geq 1$, where $\mui$ is the initial mass-to-magnetic flux ratio in units of the critical value for gravitational collapse). Cores that form in model simulations are effectively triaxial, with shapes that are typically closer to being oblate, rather than prolate. Infall velocities in the critical model ($\mui = 1$) are subsonic; in contrast, a supercritical model ($\mui = 2$) has extended supersonic infall that may be excluded by observations. For the magnetically critical model, ambipolar diffusion forms cores that are supercritical ($\muc > 1$) and embedded within subcritical envelopes ($\muenv < 1$). Cores in our models have density profiles that eventually merge into a near-uniform background, which is suggestive of observed properties of cloud cores.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, aastex, accepted by ApJ Letters
Artificial intelligence and quasar absorption system modelling; application to fundamental constants at high redshift
Creators: name: Lee, Chung-Chi
name: Webb, John K.
name: Carswell, R. F.
name: Milaković, Dinko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exploring the possibility that fundamental constants of Nature might vary temporally or spatially constitutes one of the key science drivers for the European Southern Observatory's ESPRESSO spectrograph on the VLT and for the HIRES spectrograph on the ELT. High-resolution spectra of quasar absorption systems permit accurate measurements of fundamental constants out to high redshifts. The quality of new data demands completely objective and reproducible methods. We have developed a new fully automated Artificial Intelligence-based method capable of deriving optimal models of even the most complex absorption systems known. The AI structure is built around VPFIT, a well-developed and extensively-tested non-linear least-squares code. The new method forms a sophisticated parallelised system, eliminating human decision-making and hence bias. Here we describe the workings of such a system and apply it to synthetic spectra, in doing so establishing methods of importance for future analyses of VLT and ELT data. The results show that modelling line broadening for high-redshift absorption components should include both thermal and turbulent components. Failing to do so means it is easy to derive the wrong model and hence incorrect parameter estimates. We also argue that model non-uniqueness can be significant, such that it is not feasible to expect to derive an unambiguous estimate of the fine structure constant alpha from one or a small number of measurements. No matter how optimal the modelling method, it is a fundamental requirement to use a large sample of measurements to meaningfully constrain temporal or spatial alpha variation.
description: Accepted by MNRAS, 1 April 2021
An Empirical Study of Bots in Software Development -- Characteristics and Challenges from a Practitioner's Perspective
Creators: name: Erlenhov, Linda
name: Neto, Francisco Gomes de Oliveira
name: Leitner, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Software engineering bots - automated tools that handle tedious tasks - are increasingly used by industrial and open source projects to improve developer productivity. Current research in this area is held back by a lack of consensus of what software engineering bots (DevBots) actually are, what characteristics distinguish them from other tools, and what benefits and challenges are associated with DevBot usage. In this paper we report on a mixed-method empirical study of DevBot usage in industrial practice. We report on findings from interviewing 21 and surveying a total of 111 developers. We identify three different personas among DevBot users (focusing on autonomy, chat interfaces, and "smartness"), each with different definitions of what a DevBot is, why developers use them, and what they struggle with. We conclude that future DevBot research should situate their work within our framework, to clearly identify what type of bot the work targets, and what advantages practitioners can expect. Further, we find that there currently is a lack of general purpose "smart" bots that go beyond simple automation tools or chat interfaces. This is problematic, as we have seen that such bots, if available, can have a transformative effect on the projects that use them.
description: To be published at the ACM Joint European Software Engineering Conference and Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering (ESEC/FSE)
Quantum Key Distribution with Vacua or Dim Pulses as Decoy States
Creators: name: Lo, Hoi-Kwong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, Hwang has proposed a decoy state method in quantum key distribution (QKD). In Hwang's proposal, the average photon number of the decoy state is about two. Here, we propose a new decoy state scheme using vacua or very weak coherent states as decoy states and discuss its advantages.
description: This Abstract was published in June 2004 as a conference proceeding of IEEE ISIT 2004. Here, we proposed for the first time the idea of using a vacua or weak coherent states as decoy states. We also noted, for the first time, that decoy state QKD are unconditionally secure because of the GLLP (Gottesman, Lo, Lutkenhaus, Preskill) result
The impact of optimized diet patterns at a macro-level: the case of Tunisia
Creators: name: Drogué, S.
name: Vignes, R.
name: Amiot, M.
name: Drogué, S.
name: Vignes, R.
name: Amiot, M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: dietary adjustment
subject: food
subject: olive oil
subject: mathematical programming

description: In the last 40 years Tunisia has experienced – as many other developing and emerging countries – a dietary transition, which led to an increase in the consumption of sugar, fats and animal products. This transition was accompanied by an increase in non-communicable diseases and particularly in cardio-vascular diseases. Using the framework developed by Srinivasan (2007) we optimized the Tunisian food intake using the French dietary recommendations (ANC) as constraints. We reproduced and enriched the work by including micronutrients in the analysis. Moreover we added a constraint on olive oil (a traditional culinary product in Tunisia), which consumption has also declined steadily over the period. Using this static model, we showed that the main needs in macro- and micronutrients are already covered by the food supply in Tunisia. However, the energy intake equivalent to 3329 Kcal per capita and per day, represented an average excess of 1000 Kcal for an adult. The adherence to all the dietary nutritional recommendations would induce an imperative shift to a less consumption of sugar and cereal-based products. Moreover, optimizing sustainable diets induced the reduction of the imports of cereals, sugar, and plant oils other than olive oil that is recognized to protect against cardiovascular diseases.
SGRS J0515-8100: a Fat-Double giant radio galaxy
Creators: name: Subrahmanyan, Ravi
name: Hunstead, R. W.
name: Cox, N. L. J.
name: McIntyre, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present here the first detailed study of a giant radio galaxy of the Fat-Double type. The lobes of the double radio galaxy SGRS J0515-8100 have transverse widths that are 1.3 times their extent from the center, their surface brightness is the lowest among known giant radio sources and the lobes have relatively steep radio spectra. We infer that these wide lobes were created as a result of a highly variable and intermittent jet whose axis direction also varied significantly: the Fat-Double lobes in this giant radio source are a result of the ejection and deposition of synchrotron plasma over a wide range of angles over time rather than the expansion of relic lobes. Additionally, the optical host shows evidence for an ongoing galaxy-galaxy interaction. SGRS J0515-8100 supports the hypothesis that interactions with companions might perturb the inner accretion disk that produces and sustains the jets at the centers of active galactic nuclei. As a result, it appears unnecessary to invoke black-hole coalescence to explain such morphologies, implying that the corresponding event rates predicted for gravitational wave detectors may be overestimates.
description: Accepted for publication in Apj, 10 figures
Recent developments in the banking activity in Italy
Creators: name: GAMBINO, A.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Italy, banking, credit policy, expansion, inflation, easy money, fiscal stringency, credit control mechanism
subject: E51, E52, G21

description: The article analyses the recent developments in Italian banking. The author emphasises the exceptional intensity and rapidity of the variations that have occurred, above all since the first quarter of 1946, in the expansion of both bank credits and bank deposits. Considering this experience within the framework of notions now generally accepted, he expresses the opinion that the expansion of bank money, favoured by an active credit policy, has contributed to accentuate in Italy the inflation due to the growth in the volume of note circulation. This period of easy money has been followed by one of financial stringency, calling attention to the need of securing a better coordination and smoother working of the credit control mechanism. JEL: E51, E52, G21
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 1, N. 2 (1947)
Microgaster tristicula GRANGER 1949
Creators: name: Madl, M.
name: Achterberg, C. Van
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Braconidae
Microgaster
Microgaster tristicula

description: Microgaster tristicula GRANGER 1949
 Microgaster tristiculus n.sp.: GRANGER 1949: 220 (key), 222 (fig. 220), 225 (fig. 236), 226 (descr. ♀, Madagascar).
 Microgaster tristiculus GRANGER 1949: SHENEFELT 1973: 736 (cat.).
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Madagascar: Prov. Toliara: Bekily.
Endemic.
description: Published as part of Madl, M. & Achterberg, C. Van, 2014, A catalogue of the Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) of the Malagasy subregion, pp. 5-220 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 46 (1) on page 146, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4507364
Measuring the Slope of the Dust Extinction Law and the Power Spectrum of Dust Clouds Using Differentially-Reddened Globular Clusters
Creators: name: Melbourne, J.
name: Guhathakurta, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present 3 methods for measuring the Galactic dust extinction law slope R_V and a method for quantifying fine structure in dust clouds in the direction of differentially-reddened globular clusters. We apply these methods to the low- latitude globular cluster NGC4833 which displays variable extinction/reddening about a mean ~ 1. A set of Monte Carlo simulations is used to characterize the efficacy of the methods. The essence of the first 2 methods is to determine, for an assumed value of R_V, the relative visual extinction delta(A_V) of each cluster horizontal branch (HB) star with respect to an empirical HB locus; the locus is derived from the CMD of a subset of stars near the cluster center in which differential reddening is small. A star-by-star comparison of delta(A_V) from the (B-V,V) CMD with that from the (V-I,V) CMD is used to find the optimal R_V. In the third method, R_V is determined by minimizing the scatter in the HB in the (B-V, V) CMD after correcting the photometry for extinction and reddening using the Schlegel et al. (1998) dust maps. The weighted average of the results from 3 methods gives R_V = 3.0 +/- 0.4 for the dust towards NGC4833. The dust fine structure is quantified via the difference, Delta(A_V)_ij = [delta(A_V)]_i - [delta(A_V)]_j, between pairs of cluster HB stars (i,j) as a function of their angular separation r_ij. The variance of Delta(A_V)_ij is found to have a power- law dependence on angular scale: var(r) \propto r^(+0.9 +/- 0.1). This translates into an angular power spectrum P(kappa) \propto kappa^(-1.9 +/- 0.1) for r ~ 1' - 5', where kappa = 1/r. The dust angular power spectrum on small scales (from optical data) matches smoothly onto the larger-scale power spectrum derived from Schlegel et al.'s far-infrared map of the dust thermal emission.
description: 36 pages, 15 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal (July 2004)
Machine Learning Clustering Techniques for Selective Mitigation of Critical Design Features
Creators: name: Lange, Thomas
name: Balakrishnan, Aneesh
name: Glorieux, Maximilien
name: Alexandrescu, Dan
name: Sterpone, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Selective mitigation or selective hardening is an effective technique to obtain a good trade-off between the improvements in the overall reliability of a circuit and the hardware overhead induced by the hardening techniques. Selective mitigation relies on preferentially protecting circuit instances according to their susceptibility and criticality. However, ranking circuit parts in terms of vulnerability usually requires computationally intensive fault-injection simulation campaigns. This paper presents a new methodology which uses machine learning clustering techniques to group flip-flops with similar expected contributions to the overall functional failure rate, based on the analysis of a compact set of features combining attributes from static elements and dynamic elements. Fault simulation campaigns can then be executed on a per-group basis, significantly reducing the time and cost of the evaluation. The effectiveness of grouping similar sensitive flip-flops by machine learning clustering algorithms is evaluated on a practical example.Different clustering algorithms are applied and the results are compared to an ideal selective mitigation obtained by exhaustive fault-injection simulation.
Energy and Momentum in General Relativity
Creators: name: Sharif, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The energy and momentum for different cosmological models using various prescriptions are evaluated. In particular, we have focused our attention on the energy and momentum for gravitational waves and discuss the results. It is concluded that there are methods which can provide physically acceptable results.
The value of the participation in Solidarity Purchasing Groups (SPGs): an empirical analysis in Piedmont
Creators: name: Corsi, Alessandro
name: Novelli, Silvia
name: Corsi, Alessandro
name: Novelli, Silvia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: ethical purchasing groups
subject: consumers’ choices
subject: stated preferences
subject: alternative food networks

description: Solidarity purchasing groups (SPGs) are common Alternative Food Networks in many towns in Italy. They are set up by groups of citizens who cooperate in order to buy food and other commonly used goods collectively and directly from producers, at a price that is fair to both parties. Within the group, the choice of the products and the farmers usually follow some guidelines related to the respect for the environment and the solidarity between the members of the group and the producers. Though still a small niche, SPGs are quite numerous and represent an interesting alternative to traditional setting of the food chain. The main motivation of members for participating in SPGs is arguably not a monetary one, i.e., it is not lower prices. Ethical motivations and environmental concerns are typically proposed among the goals of the groups. Nevertheless, the budget constraint is always operating, and it is of interest to measure how much the ethical and environmental motivations are able to overcome the budget constraint. This is tantamount to measure the value members attach to their participation to the SPG. Hence, the aim of this study was to estimate the value the group members attach to their participation. A stated preferences methodology was employed on a first sample of members of SPGs in Torino (Italy) and other neighbouring towns to estimate the value consumers buying in such groups attach to this particular channel, in comparison to the conventional supermarkets. Preliminary results show that SPG members do state a preference for buying with their organization rather than at a supermarket’s even when the prospected prices are substantially higher for the purchase through the SPG.
Survey of the Italian monetary situation
Creators: name: CERIANI, L.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Italy, banking, national finance, economic recovery, monetary situation
subject: E50

description: The editorial survey illustrates some banking problems now being much discussed in Italy in view of their reactions on national finance, economic recovery, and the monetary situation. The conclusions of the authors are completed by a brief glance at other important factors affecting the situation. JEL: E50
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 1, N. 2 (1947)
The Spatial Justice Conceptual Model: advancing the theory and application of Spatial Justice
Creators: name: Lopez, Hugo
name: Rocco, Roberto
name: Gonçalves, Juliana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Spatial Justice
Sustainability transition
just transition
spatial planning
urban design

description: This publication introduces the Spatial Justice Conceptual Model (SJCM) as an unpacking and a supportive application of the concept of Spatial Justice. The SJCM conceptualises Spatial Justice by defining applicable components for each justice dimension (Recognition, Procedural, and Distributive). When approached as an analytical framework, it allows for a structured and comprehensive way of assessing how aspects of spatial justice are considered in planning and design, while drawing attention to the underlying components that build each dimension.
Nonorthogonal decoy-state Quantum Key Distribution
Creators: name: Li, Jing-Bo
name: Fang, Xi-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In practical quantum key distribution (QKD), weak coherent states as the photon sources have a limit in secure key rate and transmission distance because of the existence of multiphoton pulses and heavy loss in transmission line. Decoy states method and nonorthogonal encoding protocol are two important weapons to combat these effects. Here, we combine these two methods and propose a efficient method that can substantially improve the performance of QKD. We find a 79 km increase in transmission distance over the prior record using decoy states method.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure; Revtex4, submitted to PRL
The Evolution of the Star-forming Interstellar Medium across Cosmic Time
Creators: name: Tacconi, Linda J.
name: Genzel, Reinhard
name: Sternberg, Amiel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the past decade increasingly robust estimates of the dense molecular gas content in galaxy populations between redshift 0 and the peak of cosmic galaxy/star formation from redshift 1-3 have become available. This rapid progress has been possible due to the advent of powerful ground-based, and space telescopes for combined study of several millimeter to far-IR, line or continuum tracers of the molecular gas and dust components. The main conclusions of this review are: 1. Star forming galaxies contained much more molecular gas at earlier cosmic epochs than at the present time. 2. The galaxy integrated depletion time scale for converting the gas into stars depends primarily on z or Hubble time, and at a given z, on the vertical location of a galaxy along the star-formation rate versus stellar mass "main-sequence" (MS) correlation. 3. Global rates of galaxy gas accretion primarily control the evolution of the cold molecular gas content and star formation rates of the dominant MS galaxy population, which in turn vary with the cosmological expansion. A second key driver may be global disk fragmentation in high-z, gas rich galaxies, which ties local free-fall time scales to galactic orbital times, and leads to rapid radial matter transport and bulge growth. Third, the low star formation efficiency inside molecular clouds is plausibly set by super-sonic streaming motions, and internal turbulence, which in turn may be driven by conversion of gravitational energy at high-z, and/or by local feedback from massive stars at low-z. 4. A simple 'gas regulator' model is remarkably successful in predicting the combined evolution of molecular gas fractions, star formation rates, galactic winds, and gas phase metallicities.
description: To be published in Annual Reviews of Astronomy and Astrophysics
Microplitis hova GRANGER 1949
Creators: name: Madl, M.
name: Achterberg, C. Van
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Braconidae
Microplitis
Microplitis hova

description: Microplitis hova GRANGER 1949
 Microplitis hova n.sp.: GRANGER 1949: 236 (key, descr. ♂ ♀, figs 247, 248, Madagascar). Microplitis hova GRANGER 1949: SHENEFELT 1973: 746 (cat.).
 Microplitis hova GRANGER 1949: ROUSSE & GUPTA 2013: 502 (tax., Madagascar).
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Madagascar: Prov. Toliara: Bekily.
Endemic.
description: Published as part of Madl, M. & Achterberg, C. Van, 2014, A catalogue of the Braconidae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonoidea) of the Malagasy subregion, pp. 5-220 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 46 (1) on page 146, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4507364
Implementation of a health monitoring system within a fault tolerant steer-by-wire system
Creators: name: Li, Mo
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The objective of this thesis is to examine the improvement of the design and implementation of a fault tolerant Steer-by-Wire system. This application integrates the methods of multi-level redundancy developed in previous work with a tool set for monitoring the health of the computer controlled system. It allows the system to tolerate faults at all levels of its organization. The health monitoring system adopted is based on a simplified representation of the dynamic model of the Steer-by-Wire application. By comparing the output of a system model to the actual output achieved by the application, it provides three measures of component health, all of which indicate errors based on the performance of a system state relative to a base model. The analytical redundancy provided by the health monitoring system may be used to either reduce overall system cost through replacement of a physical sensor, or as an additional sensor to allow continued voting after the first failure of a physical sensor thus avoiding significant system degradation. The health monitoring system has been implemented on a prototype of a three-wheeled vehicle. The vehicle has two "independent" steering systems: the first resembles a conventional power assist, the second a Steer-by-Wire configuration.
हाथियों का पारिस्थितिकी मूल्य
Creators: name: आशा1, पूजा2, रवि डबास3
Publisher: name: veterinary today
Year: 2024

description: हाथी, जो दुचनया िे सबसे बडे स्थलीय स्तनधारी हैं, अफ्रीिा और एचशया में पाए जाते हैं और अपने पाररस्थस्थचतिी तंत्र में "िीस्टोन प्रजाचत" िे रूप में महत्वपूर्ण भूचमिा चनभाते हैं। इनिी गचतचिचधयों से पयाणिरर् पर गहरा प्रभाि पडता है, जो िई अन्य प्रजाचतयों िे अस्थस्तत्व िे चलए आिश्यि होता है। सूखे िे दौरान हाथी जमीन में खुदाई िर पानी िे गड्ढे बनाते हैं, चजससे अन्य जानिरों िो भी पानी चमल पाता है। बीज फै लाने िी प्रचिया में िे नए पौधों और आिासों िो जन्म देते हैं, चजससे जैि चिचिधता बनी रहती है। हाथी िलते समय रास्ते बनाते हैं, चजससे छोटे जानिरों िे चलए आिागमन आसान हो जाता है और पौधों िो बढ़ने िे अिसर चमलते हैं। हाथी िा गोबर िई िीटों िे चलए भोजन िा स्रोत है, जो पचियों और अन्य प्रजाचतयों िे भोजन शंखला में शाचमल होते हैं। हाचथयों िे पैरों िे चनशान पानी से भरिर उभयिरों िो प्रजनन िे चलए सुरचित आश्रय प्रदान िरते हैं। इसिे अलािा, हाथी चमट्टी से खचनज चनिालते हैं, चजससे अन्य शािाहारी जानिर भी लाभास्थित होते हैं। इन चिचभन्न िायों िे िारर् हाथी पयाणिरर्ीय संतुलन और जैि चिचिधता बनाए रखने में महत्वपूर्ण योगदान िरते हैं, और उनिे संरिर् िी आिश्यिता अत्यचधि महत्वपूर्ण है।
SNR-Based Teachers-Student Technique for Speech Enhancement
Creators: name: Hao, Xiang
name: Su, Xiangdong
name: Wang, Zhiyu
name: Zhang, Qiang
name: Xu, Huali
name: Gao, Guanglai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: It is very challenging for speech enhancement methods to achieves robust performance under both high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and low SNR simultaneously. In this paper, we propose a method that integrates an SNR-based teachers-student technique and time-domain U-Net to deal with this problem. Specifically, this method consists of multiple teacher models and a student model. We first train the teacher models under multiple small-range SNRs that do not coincide with each other so that they can perform speech enhancement well within the specific SNR range. Then, we choose different teacher models to supervise the training of the student model according to the SNR of the training data. Eventually, the student model can perform speech enhancement under both high SNR and low SNR. To evaluate the proposed method, we constructed a dataset with an SNR ranging from -20dB to 20dB based on the public dataset. We experimentally analyzed the effectiveness of the SNR-based teachers-student technique and compared the proposed method with several state-of-the-art methods.
description: Published in 2020 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME 2020)
How important are crop shares in managing risk for specialized arable farms? A panel estimation of a programming model for three European regions
Creators: name: Britz, Wolfgang
name: Arata, Linda
name: Britz, Wolfgang
name: Arata, Linda
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: risk behaviour
subject: cost function estimation
subject: programming model

description: We estimate a dual cost function together with farmers’ risk attitude in a programming model setup which allows for zero activity levels and not binding constraints. We use crop shares as decision variables in order to avoid scale bias and to shed light on farm risk management strategies. The model is estimated for three unbalanced panels of specialized arable farms observed for at least three consecutive years in Northern Italy, Cologne-Aachen region in Germany and the Grandes-Culture Region of France over the time period 1995-2008. Our estimated models show quite satisfactory fit with regard to crop shares and costs while results indicate that specialised arable farms from these regions use crop shares only marginally as a risk management instrument. The supply elasticities with respect to price show values in a reasonable range. The cost reducing effects of farm size measured in hectare is neglectable and, as expected, we find a positive correlation between farm size and the number of crops grown in a year.
Denkschulung stärkt alle Kognitive Akzeleration in motivierenden Themen der Schulmathematik
Creators: name: Capiaghi, Magdalena
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Sonderpädagogik
Mathematik
Masterarbeit

description: Die Entwicklungsarbeit untersuchte die Auswirkungen der Kombination des projektbasierten Mathematikunterrichts nach Frey mit der Denkschulung auf das integrative Teamteaching und auf die mathematische, soziale und autonome Entwicklung der Kinder mit Migrationshintergrund auf der Grundstufe (1./2. Klasse). 21 Lernende entwickelten in Kleingruppen während zwei Durchgängen interessenbezogene Projekte zu mathematischen Grössen. Auftauchenden kognitiven Konflikten wurde in Denkschulungen nach der Methode der kognitiven Akzeleration (Adey, 2008) nachgegangen. Die qualitativ erhobenen Daten (Leitfadeninterview, strukturierte Beobachtung im Forschungstagebuch, Videoanalyse, Reflexionsgespräch) zeigten in der Klasse flächendeckend positive Kompetenzentwicklungen. Die Zusammenarbeit im Projekt und in der kognitiven Akzeleration dynamisierte und vertiefte das Teamteaching.