cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Softening of breathing elastic mode and trigonal elastic mode in disordered pyrochlore magnet NaCaCo$_2$F$_7$
Creators: name: Watanabe, T.
name: Kato, H.
name: Hara, Y.
name: Krizan, J. W.
name: Cava, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cobalt pyrochlore fluoride NaCaCo$_2$F$_7$ is a disordered frustrated magnet composed of Co$^{2+}$ ions with an effective spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ magnetic moment and exhibits spin freezing below $T_f \sim$2.4 K. We perform ultrasound velocity measurements on a single crystal of the cubic NaCaCo$_2$F$_7$. The temperature dependence of the bulk modulus (the breathing elastic mode) exhibits Curie-type softening upon cooling below $\sim$20 K down to $T_f$, which is suppressed by the magnetic field. This Curie-type softening should be a precursor to the enhancement of the strength of exchange disorder via the spin-lattice coupling, which causes the spin freezing. In contrast to the magnetic-field-suppressed Curie-type softening in the bulk modulus, the trigonal shear modulus exhibits softening with a characteristic minimum upon cooling, which is enhanced by the magnetic field at temperatures below $\sim$20 K. This magnetic-field-enhanced elastic anomaly in the trigonal shear modulus suggests a coupling of the lattice to the dynamical spin-cluster state. For NaCaCo$_2$F$_7$, the observed elastic anomalies reveal an occurrence of magnetic-field-induced crossover from an isostructural lattice instability toward the spin freezing to a trigonal lattice instability arising from the emergent dynamical spin-cluster state.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Income Inequality Trends in sub-Saharan Africa: Divergence, determinants and consequences: Inequality Levels, Trends and Determinants in sub-Saharan Africa: An Overview of main changes since the early 1990s
Creators: name: CORNIA, GIOVANNI ANDREA
name: CORNIA, GIOVANNI ANDREA
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Africa
subject: income inequality

description: The last decade has witnessed a renewed interest in the issue of inequality. First, the liberalisation of the 1980s and 1990s led in several cases to a surge in inequality. Second, a growing body of literature has documented the detrimental effects of inequality on longterm growth, poverty, intergenerational mobility, health status, crime rate and political stability. Third, inclusion of inequality among the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) has de facto opened the door to scrutiny of the inequality-growth-poverty nexus. Indeed, as shown by Bourguignon (2003) and others, growth elasticity of poverty reduction depends on the initial level of inequality and its change over time. For instance, in Latin America, 40.0 per cent of the poverty decline over 2002-2012 was due to the decline in income inequality. Fourth, greater availability of survey data has made analysis of inequality levels, trends and determinants more practicable than in the past. In addition, recent analyses of health and education inequality and wealth distribution have contributed to the understanding of the interaction among wealth, income, education and health inequality. As a result, policy circles are now paying growing attention to this issue, including in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) where this debate had received limited attention until the last decade.
Randomization Tests for Weak Null Hypotheses in Randomized Experiments
Creators: name: Wu, Jason
name: Ding, Peng
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: The Fisher randomization test (FRT) is appropriate for any test statistic, under a sharp null hypothesis that can recover all missing potential outcomes. However, it is often sought after to test a weak null hypothesis that the treatment does not affect the units on average. To use the FRT for a weak null hypothesis, we must address two issues. First, we need to impute the missing potential outcomes although the weak null hypothesis cannot determine all of them. Second, we need to choose a proper test statistic. For a general weak null hypothesis, we propose an approach to imputing missing potential outcomes under a compatible sharp null hypothesis. Building on this imputation scheme, we advocate a studentized statistic. The resulting FRT has multiple desirable features. First, it is model-free. Second, it is finite-sample exact under the sharp null hypothesis that we use to impute the potential outcomes. Third, it conservatively controls large-sample Type I error under the weak null hypothesis of interest. Therefore, our FRT is agnostic to the treatment effect heterogeneity. We establish a unified theory for general factorial experiments and extend it to stratified and clustered experiments. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Acquired CAPD in service members and veterans (Tepe et al., 2020)
Creators: name: Tepe, Victoria
name: Papesh, Melissa
name: Shoshannah Russell
name: M. Samantha Lewis
name: Pryor, Nina
name: Guillory, Lisa
Publisher: name: ASHA journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 170205 Neurocognitive Patterns and Neural Networks
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 170112 Sensory Processes, Perception and Performance

description: Purpose: A growing body of evidence suggests that military service members and military veterans are at risk for deficits in central auditory processing. Risk factors include exposure to blast, neurotrauma, hazardous noise, and ototoxicants. We overview these risk factors and comorbidities, address implications for clinical assessment and care of central auditory processing deficits in service members and veterans, and specify knowledge gaps that warrant research.Method: We reviewed the literature to identify studies of risk factors, assessment, and care of central auditory processing deficits in service members and veterans. We also assessed the current state of the science for knowledge gaps that warrant additional study. This literature review describes key findings relating to military risk factors and clinical considerations for the assessment and care of those exposed.Conclusions: Central auditory processing deficits are associated with exposure to known military risk factors. Research is needed to characterize mechanisms, sources of variance, and differential diagnosis in this population. Existing best practices do not explicitly consider confounds faced by military personnel. Assessment and rehabilitation strategies that account for these challenges are needed. Finally, investment is critical to ensure that Veterans Affairs and Department of Defense clinical staff are informed, trained, and equipped to implement effective patient care.
Tepe, V., Papesh, M., Russell, S., Lewis, M. S., Pryor, N., & Guillory, L. (2020). Acquired central auditory processing disorder in service members and veterans. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 63(3), 834-857. https://doi.org/10.1044/2019_JSLHR-19-00293
Additional file 1 of Environmental drivers of autumn migration departure decisions in midcontinental mallards
Creators: name: Weller, Florian G.
name: Beatty, William S.
name: Webb, Elisabeth B.
name: Kesler, Dylan C.
name: Krementz, David G.
name: Asante, Kwasi
name: Naylor, Luke W.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Methods (censoring of positional data sets, and relocation record selection criteria) and Results (inter-individual selection variance in the top model).
Designing a root cellar for the Alma Mater Society's new Student Union Building
Creators: name: Jonathan, Eric
name: Karnadi, Gregorius Gerry
name: Khodyat, Ida
name: Liu, Marlon
name: Wu, Vicky
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: The Alma Mater Society (AMS) is building a new Student Union Building (SUB) to be a leader in green building technology by achieving LEED certified platinum status by the Canada Green Building Council. As part of the designs, a root cellar is to be included in this plan. The goal of this project and paper is to design and evaluate the benefits of having a root cellar. The benefits of a root cellar were evaluated by considering the economic, environmental and social benefits and challenges of storing large quantities of produce purchased in bulk wholesale versus weekly purchase orders. Conceptual design of the cellar was based on the goal of achieving a net zero energy consumption to fit with LEED Certification. A needs assessment was performed for the AMS Food and Beverage department to determine what crops would be best suited for storage in the root cellar. A seasonal buying guide was then prepared for the root cellar based on the findings of the needs assessment report. The final product presented is a medium to large size, roughly 300 square foot facility used to store primarily root vegetables. The cellars construction and physical design parameters are based off of BC government recommended building guide lines for a small root cellar. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Three essays on sustainable finance
Creators: name: Lam, Yun Him Adrian
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: This thesis consists of three papers on sustainable finance. The key goals are: (1) to identify the economic and financial consequences of environmental and social (E\&S) risks, and (2) to examine the economic factors and frictions that drive economic agents to internalize E&S issues and corporate sustainability. The first paper, "Do Health Risks Shape Firm Boundaries?", studies whether pollution-induced health risks affect the corporate make-or-buy decision. The empirical design builds on the United States Report on Carcinogens that officially recognizes cancer risks, which allows me to identify firms that are exposed to increased health risks in the form of cancer risks. The main finding is that the official recognition of cancer risks leads firms to lower in-house production and outsource polluting activities due to litigation risks. However, as larger polluters scale up polluting activities, aggregate pollution levels remain unchanged while market concentration increases. The findings highlight that individual mitigation effort may not necessarily translate into a reduction in aggregate pollution. The second paper, How Does Climate Change Affect Firm Sales? Identifying Supply Effects, studies whether local temperature affects firm sales. The empirical design uses production networks in the United States as a laboratory to control for product demand. The main finding is that a 1 degree celsius increase in average temperature lowers inter-firm sales by 2% after controlling for demand. The effects are driven by labor-intensive firms, financially and operationally constrained firms, and firms that sell more substitutable goods. The findings highlight that local temperature can have economically significant effects on corporate performance via a supply-side channel. The third paper, "Do Employee Rights Affect Shareholder Value?", studies whether legal entitlements to employees affect shareholder value. The empirical design uses a series of court rulings in the United States as a shock to weaken employee rights. The main finding is that weakened employee rights lower firm value and firm cash flows. Additional analyses suggest that employee treatment deteriorates and leads to a reduction in workforce. The findings highlight that employee rights can affect shareholder value via a human capital channel. Together, these three papers summarize the type of economic questions that interest me the most, and outline my research agenda going forward.
Anisotropy in the helicity modulus of a quantum 3D XY-model: application to YBCO
Creators: name: Mitrovic, B.
name: Samokhin, K.
name: Bose, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a variational study of the helicity moduli of an anisotropic quantum three-dimensional (3D) XY-model of YBCO in superconducting state. It is found that both the ab-plane and the c-axis helicity moduli, which are proportional to the inverse square of the corresponding magnetic field penetration depth, vary with temperature T as T to the fourth power in the zero temperature limit. Moreover, the c-axis helicity modulus drops with temperature much faster than the ab-plane helicity modulus because of the weaker Josephson couplings along the c-axis compared to those along the ab-plane. These findings are in disagreement with the experiments on high quality samples of YBCO.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure
Income Inequality Trends in sub-Saharan Africa: Divergence, determinants and consequences: Drivers of Inequality in the Context of the Growth-Poverty-Inequality Nexus in Africa: An overview of key issues
Creators: name: BHORAT, HAROON
name: NAIDOO, KARMEN
name: BHORAT, HAROON
name: NAIDOO, KARMEN
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Africa
subject: Income inequality

description: Approximately one-third of the world’s poor live in Africa. More recently, evidence shows that inequality may indeed be a more significant challenge in Africa than in other regions of the developing world. High levels of poverty and inequality persist in Africa despite its being one of the fastest growing regions in the last decade. In particular, six of the world’s ten fastest growing economies during 2001-2010 were in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) (The Economist and IMF, 2011). Specifically, the fastest growing economies in Africa in this decade (2001-2010) were Angola, followed by Nigeria, Ethiopia, Chad, Mozambique, Rwanda and Equatorial Guinea.
Application of a helicity proxy to edge-on galaxies
Creators: name: Brandenburg, Axel
name: Furuya, Ray S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the prospects of detecting magnetic helicity in galaxies by observing the dust polarization of the edge-on galaxy NGC 891. Our numerical results of mean-field dynamo calculations show that there should be a large-scale component of the rotationally invariant parity-odd B polarization that we predict to be negative in the first and third quadrants, and positive in the second and fourth quadrants. The large-scale parity-even E polarization is predicted to be negative near the axis and positive further away in the outskirts. These properties are shown to be mostly a consequence of the magnetic field being azimuthal and the polarized intensity being maximum at the center of the galaxy and are not a signature of magnetic helicity.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables, MNRAS, in press
Income Inequality Trends in sub-Saharan Africa: Divergence, determinants and consequences: Understanding the Determinants of Africa’s Manufacturing Malaise
Creators: name: BHORAT, HAROON
name: STEENKAMP, FRANÇOIS
name: ROONEY, CHRISTOPHER
name: BHORAT, HAROON
name: STEENKAMP, FRANÇOIS
name: ROONEY, CHRISTOPHER
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Africa
subject: Manufacturing
subject: income inequality

description: Since 2000, Africa has experienced high levels of economic growth. Between 2000 and 2015, sub-Saharan Africa grew at a rate of 5.04 per cent per annum (World Bank, 2016). However, a large portion of the population has not benefitted from this growth. In 2012, 42.7 per cent of SSA lived on less than US$1.90 a day (Beegle et al., 2016). Africa’s Gini coefficient in 2010 was 0.435 (Cornia, 2016).2 The number of poor people increased from 280 million to 330 million in 2012 (World Bank, 2016). A survey of 35 African countries showed that there was ”little evidence for systemic reduction of lived poverty” (Dulani, Mattes and Logan, 2013:1).
H-AP Deployment for Joint Wireless Information and Energy Transfer in Smart Cities
Creators: name: Zhao, Yizhe
name: Hu, Jie
name: Wang, Duohua
name: Yang, Kun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the wireless communication being more various in the future, it's becoming challenging to prolong the lifetime of many battery powered devices, since frequently replacing their batteries is a cumbersome job. An hybrid access point (H-AP) is capable of simultaneously operating wireless information transfer (WIT) and wireless energy transfer (WET) by exploiting the radio frequency (RF) signals. By jointly considering both the mobility of the user and the popularity of the sites, we focus on the design of the H-AP's deployment scheme. Specifically, a mobility model of the grid based city streets is exploited for characterising the users' movements. Based on this mobility model, the impact of the deployment site's popularity on the WIT and WET efficiencies is firstly analysed. Then, an H-AP deployment scheme for striking a balance between the WIT and the WET efficiencies is proposed, which is regarded as the B-deployment scheme. The simulation results demonstrate that the B-deployment scheme is more flexible for satisfying diverse requirement of the WIT and WET efficiencies.
description: 13pages, 11figures
Non perturbative approach to Casimir interactions in periodic geometries
Creators: name: Buescher, Rauno
name: Emig, Thorsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to their collective nature Casimir forces can strongly depend on the geometrical shape of the interacting objects. We study the effect of strong periodic shape deformations of two ideal metal plates on their quantum interaction. A non-perturbative approach which is based on a path integral quantization of the electromagnetic field is presented in detail. Using this approach, we compute the force for the specific case of a flat plate and a plate with a rectangular corrugation. We obtain complementary analytical and numerical results which allow us to identify two different scaling regimes for the force as a function of the mean plate distance, corrugation amplitude and wave length. Qualitative distinctions between transversal electric and magnetic modes are revealed. Our results demonstrate the importance of a careful consideration of the non-additivity of Casimir forces, especially in strongly non-planar geometries. Non-perturbative effects due to surface edges are found. Strong deviations from the commonly used proximity force approximation emerge over a wide range of corrugation wave lengths, even though the surface is composed only of flat segments. We compare our results to that of a perturbative approach and a classical optics approximation.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures
Equilibration of quantum cat states
Creators: name: Jin, Tony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the equilibration properties of isolated ergodic quantum systems initially prepared in a cat state, i.e a macroscopic quantum superposition of states. Our main result consists in showing that, even though decoherence is at work in the mean, there exists a remnant of the initial quantum coherences visible in the strength of the fluctuations of the steady state. We back-up our analysis with numerical results obtained on the XXX spin chain with a random field along the z-axis in the ergodic regime and find good qualitative and quantitative agreement with the theory. We also present and discuss a framework where equilibrium quantities can be computed from general statistical ensembles without relying on microscopic details about the initial state, akin to the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1 of Distinct physical activity and sedentary behavior trajectories in older adults during participation in a physical activity intervention: a latent class growth analysis
Creators: name: Ratz, Tiara
name: Pischke, Claudia R.
name: Voelcker-Rehage, Claudia
name: Lippke, Sonia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1 Flow Chart.
A discrete choice experiment to assess patients’ preferences for HIV treatment in the rural population in Colombia
Creators: name: Goossens, Anne J. M.
name: Cheung, Kei Long
name: Sijstermans, Eric
name: Conde, Rafael
name: Gonzalez, Javier G. R.
name: Hiligsmann, Mickael
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Aim: To elicit patients’ preferences for HIV treatment of the rural population in Colombia. Methods: A discrete choice experiment (DCE), conducted in a HIV clinic in Bogotá, was used to examine the trade-off between five HIV treatment attributes: effect on life expectancy, effect on physical activity, risk of moderate side-effects, accessibility to clinic, and economic costs to access controls. Attributes selection was based on literature review, expert consultation and a focus group with six patients. An efficient experimental design was used to define two versions of the questionnaire with each of 12 choice sets and a dominance task was added to check reliability. A mixed logit model was then used to analyse the data and sub-group analyses were conducted on the basis of age, gender, education, and sexual preference. Results: A total of 129 HIV patients were included for analysis. For all treatment attributes, significant differences between at least two levels were observed, meaning that all attributes were significant predictors of choice. Patients valued the effect on physical activity (conditional relative importance of 27.5%) and the effect on life expectancy (26.0%) the most. Sub-group analyses regard age and education showed significant differences: younger patients and high educated patients valued the effect on physical activity the most important, whereas older patients mostly valued the effect on life expectancy and low educated patients mostly valued the accessibility to clinic. Limitations: One potential limitation is selection bias, as only patients from one HIV clinic were reached. Additionally, questionnaires were partly administered in the waiting rooms, which potentially led to noise in the data. Conclusions: This study suggests that all HIV treatment characteristics included in this DCE were important and that HIV patients from rural Colombia valued short-term efficacy (i.e. effect on physical activity) and long-term efficacy (i.e. effect on life expectancy) the most.
Income Inequality Trends in sub-Saharan Africa: Divergence, determinants and consequences: Resource Dependence and Inequality in Africa: Impacts, consequences and potential solutions
Creators: name: BHORAT, HAROON
name: CHELWA, GRIEVE
name: NAIDOO, KARMEN
name: STANWIX, BENJAMIN
name: BHORAT, HAROON
name: CHELWA, GRIEVE
name: NAIDOO, KARMEN
name: STANWIX, BENJAMIN
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Africa
subject: resource
subject: income inequality

description: Over the last decade an increasing number of the world’s fastest-growing countries have been in Africa. This recent progress created widespread optimism among many as economic development prospects across many parts of the continent improved. This optimism has, however, been accompanied by concerns regarding the inclusivity and longer-term sustainability of the current growth processes, which have been driven largely by extractive industries. Moreover, situating the observed growth in a broader historical context is important. Similar optimism accompanied the relatively short-lived growth boom in Africa following the Second World War (1950-1970), which provided limited longrun gains and should perhaps serve as a cautionary example in the current growth climate (Broadberry and Gardner, 2013). Going further back, Jerven (2010) suggests that periods of rapid growth, followed by reversals, have characterised economic performance in the region for several centuries, with commodity demand always the driving force behind these ‘booms and busts'.
Estimation-Action-Reflection: Towards Deep Interaction Between Conversational and Recommender Systems
Creators: name: Lei, Wenqiang
name: He, Xiangnan
name: Miao, Yisong
name: Wu, Qingyun
name: Hong, Richang
name: Kan, Min-Yen
name: Chua, Tat-Seng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recommender systems are embracing conversational technologies to obtain user preferences dynamically, and to overcome inherent limitations of their static models. A successful Conversational Recommender System (CRS) requires proper handling of interactions between conversation and recommendation. We argue that three fundamental problems need to be solved: 1) what questions to ask regarding item attributes, 2) when to recommend items, and 3) how to adapt to the users' online feedback. To the best of our knowledge, there lacks a unified framework that addresses these problems. In this work, we fill this missing interaction framework gap by proposing a new CRS framework named Estimation-Action-Reflection, or EAR, which consists of three stages to better converse with users. (1) Estimation, which builds predictive models to estimate user preference on both items and item attributes; (2) Action, which learns a dialogue policy to determine whether to ask attributes or recommend items, based on Estimation stage and conversation history; and (3) Reflection, which updates the recommender model when a user rejects the recommendations made by the Action stage. We present two conversation scenarios on binary and enumerated questions, and conduct extensive experiments on two datasets from Yelp and LastFM, for each scenario, respectively. Our experiments demonstrate significant improvements over the state-of-the-art method CRM [32], corresponding to fewer conversation turns and a higher level of recommendation hits.
description: WSDM '20 oral, 9 pages, 3 figures
Comparative study on oral microbial composition of Tibetan pig and Duroc pig through dilution metagenome sequencing technology
Creators: name: 潘洪彬
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2024
Subjects: Raw sequence reads
Metagenome
Multispecies

description: The aim of this study was used dilution metagenome sequencing analyze the difference of oral microbiota between Tibetan pig and Duroc pig.
Social Networking Services as Informal Contexts for Foreign Language Learning
Creators: name: Torsani, Simone
Publisher: name: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2021

description:

This article focuses on online informal learning contexts, namely social networks to which learners may resort for their linguistic needs. The distinguishing feature of such platforms is that content is neither provided by an educational institution, nor is it necessarily presented in a formal fashion. While research has extensively focused on the connection between technology and autonomy, the social aspect behind 2.0 tools has been partly neglected. Therefore, we argue that learner training, i.e. preparing language learners for autonomous language study through technology, should be partly rethought and include such skills as communicating in didactic interactions and evaluating information.

description: EL.LE
Prospects for Higgs Search at D0
Creators: name: Snyder, Scott S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The status of the Higgs search at the upgraded D0 detector is discussed.
description: Proceedings submitted for PASCOS03, Mumbai, India, Jan 3-8, 2003
OPTIMIZING MEMORY AND EDUCATION - THE JAPANESE APPROACH
Creators: name: Brandl, Edenilson
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Memory Enhancement
Integrated Curriculum
Global Citizenship
Creative Writing Skills
Structured Education System
Parental Involvement
Career Guidance
Mental Health Support
Diversity Education
Holistic Development

description: This collection of articles delves into various facets of the Japanese education system, shedding light on its multifaceted approach to enhancing memory, fostering global citizenship, nurturing creative writing talents, and maintaining a highly structured yet effective educational system. From memory enhancement strategies that encompass online lessons and student-centered teaching to the collaborative efforts between parents and schools in shaping well-rounded individuals, these articles provide insights into the comprehensive and holistic nature of Japanese education. Furthermore, they highlight the pivotal role of the government in career guidance and mental health support, as well as the emphasis on diversity education. In a rapidly evolving world, Japan's educational strategies equip students with the cognitive, social, and emotional skills needed for success and responsible global citizenship.

 

Diese Artikelsammlung befasst sich mit verschiedenen Facetten des japanischen Bildungssystems und beleuchtet seinen vielfältigen Ansatz zur Verbesserung des Gedächtnisses, zur Förderung der Weltbürgerschaft, zur Förderung kreativer Schreibtalente und zur Aufrechterhaltung eines hochstrukturierten und dennoch effektiven Bildungssystems. Von Strategien zur Gedächtnisverbesserung, die Online-Unterricht und schülerzentrierten Unterricht umfassen, bis hin zu den gemeinsamen Bemühungen von Eltern und Schulen zur Bildung vielseitiger Persönlichkeiten bieten diese Artikel Einblicke in die umfassende und ganzheitliche Natur der japanischen Bildung. Darüber hinaus unterstreichen sie die zentrale Rolle der Regierung bei der Berufsberatung und der Unterstützung der psychischen Gesundheit sowie den Schwerpunkt auf Diversitätserziehung. In einer sich schnell entwickelnden Welt vermitteln Japans Bildungsstrategien den Schülern die kognitiven, sozialen und emotionalen Fähigkeiten, die sie für Erfolg und eine verantwortungsvolle Weltbürgerschaft benötigen.
Additional file 2 of Distinct physical activity and sedentary behavior trajectories in older adults during participation in a physical activity intervention: a latent class growth analysis
Creators: name: Ratz, Tiara
name: Pischke, Claudia R.
name: Voelcker-Rehage, Claudia
name: Lippke, Sonia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2 Elbow Plot of Fit Statistics Based on Latent Class Growth Analysis of Physical Activity Change Trajectories. The point at which the information criterion value becomes stable, even if more classes are added, is used as indication of the solution best fitting the data. AIC = Akaike’s information criterion; BIC = Bayesian information criterion; SABIC = sample size adjusted BIC.
The untapped potential of preschool volunteers (Schmitt & Gillispie, 2020)
Creators: name: Schmitt, Jacqueline
name: Gillispie, Matthew
Publisher: name: ASHA journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 209999 Language, Communication and Culture not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: Purpose: This pretest–posttest study examined the effectsof a professional development training on five volunteerinstructors’ (VIs) utilization of language and literacy facilitation strategies within interactive shared book readings with low income preschool children. The training specifically targeted the VIs’ use of wh-questions, expansions, and references to story grammar elements (SGEs) with use of a corresponding visual aid.Method: VIs participated in a 3-hr training composed oflecture, video models, role playing, four opportunities toexplicitly practice the target strategies, and four opportunities to receive immediate feedback from the investigators. The VIs led storybook readings that were video-recorded for comparison prior to and after the training sessions (two pretraining, two posttraining). The investigators analyzed the VIs’ language and literacy strategy usage in the readings. The investigators compared the raw number of wh-questions asked, expansions of child responses or comments, the number of references (out of 20) to SGEs, and use of the visual aid pre- and posttraining.Results: After the training, four of the five VIs increased thenumber of wh-questions asked during readings, and one VImaintained a large number of questions asked, compared topretraining readings. All VIs provided an increased numberof references to SGEs (character, setting, problem, fixingproblem, solution) in a variety of capacities (name, definition,book-specific element, visual aid use) to reinforce narrativeconcepts. VIs had inconsistent increases in expansions ofchild responses or comments posttraining.Conclusion: Results revealed the VIs generally increasedtheir facilitation of language and literacy strategies afterparticipating in a professional development training,suggesting utilization of volunteers as instructors maybe a valuable area to explore, especially in low-incomeenvironments where children are at risk for language andliteracy delays.
Supplemental Material S1. Demographic questionnaire.
Supplemental Material S2. Pretraining/posttraining survey.
Supplemental Material S3. Powerpoint training.
Supplemental Material S4. Posttraining reflection.
Schmitt, J., & Gillispie, M. (2020). The untapped potential of preschool classroom volunteers in language– literacy instruction: A feasibility study. Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups. https://doi.org/10.1044/2020_PERSP-20-10002
The flat phase of polymerized membranes at two-loop order
Creators: name: Coquand, O.
name: Mouhanna, D.
name: Teber, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate two complementary field-theoretical models describing the flat phase of polymerized - phantom - membranes by means of a two-loop, weak-coupling, perturbative approach performed near the upper critical dimension $D_{uc}=4$, extending the one-loop computation of Aronovitz and Lubensky [Phys. Rev. Lett. 60, 2634 (1988)]. We derive the renormalization group equations within the modified minimal substraction scheme, then analyze the corrections coming from two-loop with a particular attention paid to the anomalous dimension and the asymptotic infrared properties of the renormalization group flow. We finally compare our results to those provided by nonperturbative techniques used to investigate these two models.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure, published version
Additional file 3 of Distinct physical activity and sedentary behavior trajectories in older adults during participation in a physical activity intervention: a latent class growth analysis
Creators: name: Ratz, Tiara
name: Pischke, Claudia R.
name: Voelcker-Rehage, Claudia
name: Lippke, Sonia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 3 Elbow Plot of Fit Statistics Based on Latent Class Growth Analysis of Sedentary Behavior Change Trajectories. The point at which the information criterion value becomes stable, even if more classes are added, is used as indication of the solution best fitting the data. AIC = Akaike’s information criterion; BIC = Bayesian information criterion; SABIC = sample size adjusted BIC.
Magnetocaloric effect in pyrochlore antiferromagnet Gd2Ti2O7
Creators: name: Sosin, S. S.
name: Prozorova, L. A.
name: Smirnov, A. I.
name: Golov, A. I.
name: Berkutov, I. B.
name: Petrenko, O. A.
name: Balakrishnan, G.
name: Zhitomirsky, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An adiabatic demagnetization process is studied in Gd2Ti2O7, a geometrically frustrated antiferromagnet on a pyrochlore lattice. In contrast to conventional paramagnetic salts, this compound can exhibit a temperature decrease by a factor of ten in the temperature range below the Curie-Weiss constant. The most efficient cooling is observed in the field interval between 120 and 60 kOe corresponding to a crossover between saturated and spin-liquid phases. This phenomenon indicates that a considerable part of the magnetic entropy survives in the strongly correlated state. According to the theoretical model, this entropy is associated with a macroscopic number of local modes remaining gapless till the saturation field. Monte Carlo simulations on a classical spin model demonstrate good agreement with the experiment. The cooling power of the process is experimentally estimated with a view to possible technical applications. The results for Gd2Ti2O7 are compared to those for Gd3Ga5O12, a well-known material for low temperature magnetic refrigeration.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, accepted version
A combinatorial identity with application to Catalan numbers
Creators: name: Pan, Hao
name: Sun, Zhi-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11B65; 05A10; 05A19; 11A07; 11B37

description: By a very simple argument, we prove that if $l,m,n$ are nonnegative integers then $$\sum_{k=0}^l(-1)^{m-k}\binom{l}{k}\binom{m-k}{n}\binom{2k}{k-2l+m} =\sum_{k=0}^l\binom{l}{k}\binom{2k}{n}\binom{n-l}{m+n-3k-l}. On the basis of this identity, for $d,r=0,1,2,...$ we construct explicit $F(d,r)$ and $G(d,r)$ such that for any prime $p>\max\{d,r\}$ we have \sum_{k=1}^{p-1}k^r C_{k+d}\equiv \cases F(d,r)(mod p)& if 3|p-1, \\G(d,r)\ (mod p)& if 3|p-2, where $C_n$ denotes the Catalan number $(n+1)^{-1}\binom{2n}{n}$. For example, when $p\geq 5$ is a prime, we have \sum_{k=1}^{p-1}k^2C_k\equiv\cases-2/3 (mod p)& if 3|p-1, \1/3 (mod p)& if 3|p-2; and \sum_{0
description: 22 pages
Determination of spin-orbit torque efficiencies in heterostructures with in-plane magnetic anisotropy
Creators: name: Liu, Yan-Ting
name: Chen, Tian-Yue
name: Lo, Tzu-Hsiang
name: Tsai, Tsung-Yu
name: Yang, Shan-Yi
name: Chang, Yao-Jen
name: Wei, Jeng-Hua
name: Pai, Chi-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been shown that the spin Hall effect from heavy transition metals can generate sufficient spin-orbit torque and further produce current-induced magnetization switching in the adjacent ferromagnetic layer. However, if the ferromagnetic layer has in-plane magnetic anisotropy, probing such switching phenomenon typically relies on tunneling magnetoresistance measurement of nano-sized magnetic tunnel junctions, differential planar Hall voltage measurement, or Kerr imaging approaches. We show that in magnetic heterostructures with spin Hall metals, there exist current-induced in-plane spin Hall effective fields and unidirectional magnetoresistance that will modify their anisotropic magnetoresistance behavior. We also demonstrate that by analyzing the response of anisotropic magnetoresistance under such influences, one can directly and electrically probe magnetization switching driven by the spin-orbit torque, even in micron-sized devices. This pump-probe method allows for efficient and direct determination of key parameters from spin-orbit torque switching events without lengthy device fabrication processes.
Additional file 1 of A novel approach to determine aortic valve area with phase-contrast cardiovascular magnetic resonance
Creators: name: Troger, Felix
name: Lechner, Ivan
name: Reindl, Martin
name: Tiller, Christina
name: Holzknecht, Magdalena
name: Pamminger, Mathias
name: Kremser, Christian
name: Schwaiger, Johannes
name: Reinstadler, Sebastian J.
name: Bauer, Axel
name: Metzler, Bernhard
name: Mayr, Agnes
name: Klug, Gert
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Figure S1. Intraobserver Variability. Scatter and Bland-Altman plots of stroke volume (Panel A) and aortic valve area (Panel B). AVA: aortic valve area, SV: stroke volume. Figure S2. Interobserver Variability. Scatter and Bland-Altman plots of stroke volume (Panel A) and aortic valve area (Panel B). AVA: aortic valve area, Obs: observer, SV: stroke volume. Figure S3. Bland-Altman plots of SV and AVA between different modalities. AVA: aortic valve area, PC-CMR: phase-contrast-cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging, SV: stroke volume, TTE: transthoracic echocardiography.
The occurrence of PAHs and flame-retardants in air and dust from Australian fire stations
Creators: name: Banks, Andrew P. W
name: Engelsman, Michelle
name: He, Chang
name: Xianyu Wang
name: Mueller, Jochen F.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Firefighters are exposed to a wide range of chemicals whilst on duty, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), organophosphate flame-retardants (OPFRs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). These groups of chemicals are related to combustion emissions. PAHs are formed during combustion. OPFRs and PBDEs are flame-retardants and are inadvertently released during combustion. Exposure to these chemicals occurs when attending fire scenes, and firefighters can track these chemicals back into fire stations leading to further exposure. The objective of this study was to understand the concentrations of PAHs, OPFRs, and PBDEs in fire stations, to evaluate factors that affect chemical concentration, and to assess how air and dust could contribute to firefighters’ relevant exposure risk. Concentrations of 13 PAHs, 9 OPFRs, and 8 PBDEs were quantified in fire station dust (n = 49) and air (n = 15) samples collected between November 2017 and February 2018. The median ∑13PAH concentration was 15 ng m−3 and 3.1 µg g−1 in air and dust, respectively, while the median ∑9 OPFR concentration was 56 ng m−3 in air and 84 µg g−1 in dust, and ∑8 PBDE had a median concentration of 0.78 ng m−3 in air and 26 µg g−1 in dust. The estimated daily intakes through dust and air for ∑13 PAHs, ∑9 OPFRs, and ∑8 PBDEs in firefighters were 3.6, 17, and 1.6 ng (kg body weight)−1 day−1, respectively. The worst-case estimated daily intakes were only 2% of the reference dose for individual chemicals. Pearson’s correlations with chemical concentration for several PAHs, OPFRs, and PBDEs were found between the number of years since fire stations were last renovated, as well as the storage locations of firefighting ensembles. These results suggest chemicals are brought back to fire stations from fire scenes and that they are accumulating in fire stations. They also suggest soiled firefighting ensembles are a source of these chemicals in fire stations and that their proximity to the rest of the station determines the extent to which they contribute to chemical concentrations in fire stations.
Effects of Disorder on the Transport of Collective Modes in an Excitonic Condensate
Creators: name: Remez, Benjamin
name: Cooper, Nigel R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An excitonic insulator (EI) is an unconventional quantum phase of matter in which excitons, bound pairs of electrons and holes, undergo Bose--Einstein condensation, forming a macroscopic coherent state. While its existence was first hypothesized half a century ago, the EI has eluded experimental observation in bulk materials for decades. In the last few years, a resurgence of interest in the subject has been driven by the identification of several candidate materials suspected to support an excitonic condensate. However, one obstacle in verifying the nature of these systems has been to find signatures of the EI that distinguish it from a normal insulator. To address this, we focus on a clear qualitative difference between the two phases: the existence of Goldstone modes born by the spontaneous breaking of a $U(1)$ symmetry in the EI. Even if this mode is gapped, as occurs in the case of an approximate symmetry, this branch of collective modes remains a fundamental feature of the low-energy dynamics of the EI provided the symmetry-breaking is small. We study a simple model that realizes an excitonic condensate, and use mean field theory within the random-phase approximation to determine its collective modes. We subsequently develop a diagrammatic method to incorporate the effects of disorder perturbatively, and use it to determine the scattering rate of the collective modes. We interpret our results within an an effective field theory. The collective modes are found to be robust against symmetry-preserving disorder, implying an experimental fingerprint unique to the EI: the ballistic propagation of low-lying modes over mesoscopic distances, at electronic-scale velocities. We suggest this could affect thermal transport at low temperatures, and could be observed via spatially-resolved pump-probe spectroscopy through the coherent response of phonons that hybridize with the collective modes.
description: 21 pages, 10 figures. v3: Incorporated peer review feedback