cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Optimizing the Dice Score and Jaccard Index for Medical Image Segmentation: Theory & Practice
Creators: name: Bertels, Jeroen
name: Eelbode, Tom
name: Berman, Maxim
name: Vandermeulen, Dirk
name: Maes, Frederik
name: Bisschops, Raf
name: Blaschko, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The Dice score and Jaccard index are commonly used metrics for the evaluation of segmentation tasks in medical imaging. Convolutional neural networks trained for image segmentation tasks are usually optimized for (weighted) cross-entropy. This introduces an adverse discrepancy between the learning optimization objective (the loss) and the end target metric. Recent works in computer vision have proposed soft surrogates to alleviate this discrepancy and directly optimize the desired metric, either through relaxations (soft-Dice, soft-Jaccard) or submodular optimization (Lovász-softmax). The aim of this study is two-fold. First, we investigate the theoretical differences in a risk minimization framework and question the existence of a weighted cross-entropy loss with weights theoretically optimized to surrogate Dice or Jaccard. Second, we empirically investigate the behavior of the aforementioned loss functions w.r.t. evaluation with Dice score and Jaccard index on five medical segmentation tasks. Through the application of relative approximation bounds, we show that all surrogates are equivalent up to a multiplicative factor, and that no optimal weighting of cross-entropy exists to approximate Dice or Jaccard measures. We validate these findings empirically and show that, while it is important to opt for one of the target metric surrogates rather than a cross-entropy-based loss, the choice of the surrogate does not make a statistical difference on a wide range of medical segmentation tasks.
description: MICCAI 2019
Limiting spherical integrals of bounded continuous functions
Creators: name: Alam, Irfan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 28E05 (Primary), 28C20, 03H05, 26E35, 46S20 (Secondary)

description: We use nonstandard analysis to study the problem of expressing a Gaussian integral in terms of the limiting behavior of a sequence of spherical integrals. Peterson and Sengupta proved that if a Gaussian measure $μ$ has full support on a finite-dimensional Euclidean space, then the expected value of a bounded measurable function on that domain can be expressed as a limit of integrals over spheres $S^{n-1}(\sqrt{n})$ intersected with certain affine subspaces of $\mathbb{R}^n$. This allows one to realize the Gaussian Radon transform of such functions as a limit of spherical integrals. Using nonstandard analysis, we study such limits in terms of Loeb integrals over a single hyperfinite dimensional sphere. This nonstandard geometric approach generalizes the known limiting result for bounded continuous functions to the case when the Gaussian measure is not necessarily fully supported. We also present an asymptotic linear algebra result needed in the above proof.
description: 26 pages, 3 figures, updated with submitted version (corrected minor mistakes and edited exposition slightly at a few places)
Ozineus barbiflavus Martins & Monne 1974
Creators: name: Monné, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Ozineus
Ozineus barbiflavus

description: 5. Ozineus barbiflavus Martins & Monné, 1974
Type locality — Brazil, São Paulo: Barueri. (MZSP). Distribution — Brazil (São Paulo to Santa Catarina).
 Ozineus barbiflavus Martins & Monné, 1974a: 22, fig. 11.
description: Published as part of Monné, Miguel A., 2005, Catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of the Neotropical Region. Part II. Subfamily Lamiinae, pp. 1-760 in Zootaxa 1023 (1) on pages 1-760, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.946.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5049553
Quantum spin pumping with adiabatically modulated magnetic barrier's
Creators: name: Benjamin, Ronald
name: Benjamin, Colin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quantum pump device involving magnetic barriers produced by the deposition of ferro magnetic stripes on hetero-structure's is investigated. The device for dc- transport does not provide spin-polarized currents, but in the adiabatic regime, when one modulates two independent parameters of this device, spin-up and spin-down electrons are driven in opposite directions, with the net result being that a finite net spin current is transported with negligible charge current. We also analyze our proposed device for inelastic-scattering and spin-orbit scattering. Strong spin-orbit scattering and more so inelastic scattering have a somewhat detrimental effect on spin/charge ratio especially in the strong pumping regime. Further we show our pump to be almost noiseless, implying an optimal quantum spin pump.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures. Manuscript revised with additional new material on spin-orbit scattering and inelastic scattering. Further new additions on noiseless pumping and analytical results with distinction between weak and strong pumping regimes. Accepted for publication in Physical Review B
On the Herzog-Schönheim conjecture for uniform covers of groups
Creators: name: Sun, Zhi-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20D60; 05A18; 11B25; 11N45; 20D20; 20D35; 20E15; 20F16

description: Let G be any group and $a_1G_1,...,a_kG_k (k>1)$ be left cosets in G. In 1974 Herzog and Schönheim conjectured that if $\Cal A=\{a_iG_i\}_{i=1}^k$ is a partition of G then the (finite) indices $n_1=[G:G_1],...,n_k=[G:G_k]$ cannot be distinct. In this paper we show that if $\Cal A$ covers all the elements of G the same times and $G_1,...,G_k$ are subnormal subgroups of G not all equal to G, then $M=\max_{1\le j\le k}|\{1\le i\le k:n_i=n_j\}|$ is not less than the smallest prime divisor of $n_1... n_k$, moreover $\min_{1\ls i\ls k}\log n_i=O(M\log^2 M)$ where the O-constant is absolute.
description: 22 pages
On Weak Lensing Response Functions
Creators: name: Munshi, D.
name: Takahashi, R.
name: McEwen, J. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce the response function (RFs) approach to model the weak lensing statistics in the context of separate universe formalism. Numerical results for the RFs are presented for various semi-analytical models that include perturbative modelling and variants of halo models. These results extend the recent studies of the Integrated Bispectrum (IB) and Trispectrum to arbitrary order. We find that due to the line-of-sight (los) projection effects, the expressions for RFs are not identical to the squeezed correlation functions of the same order. We compute the RFs in three-dimensions (3D) using the spherical Fourier-Bessel (sFB) formalism which provides a natural framework for incorporating photometric redshifts, and relate these expressions to tomographic and projected statistics. We generalise the concept of $k$-cut power spectrum to $k$-cut response functions. In addition to the response function for high-order spectra, we also define their counterparts in real space, since they are easier to estimate from surveys with low sky-coverage and non-trivial survey boundaries.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures
Positive Correlations in Tunneling through coupled Quantum Dots
Creators: name: Sprekeler, H.
name: Kiesslich, G.
name: Wacker, A.
name: Schoell, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to the Fermi-Dirac statistics of electrons the temporal correlations of tunneling events in a double barrier setup are typically negative. Here, we investigate the shot noise behavior of a system of two capacitively coupled quantum dot states by means of a Master equation model. In an asymmetric setup positive correlations in the tunneling current can arise due to the bunching of tunneling events. The underlying mechanism will be discussed in detail in terms of the current-current correlation function and the frequency-dependent Fano factor.
description: HCIS 13 in Modena
Ozineus bicristatus Melzer 1935
Creators: name: Monné, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Ozineus
Ozineus bicristatus

description: 6. Ozineus bicristatus Melzer, 1935
Type locality — Brazil, Minas Gerais: Passa Quatro (Fazenda dos Campos). (MZSP). Distribution — Brazil (Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro).
 Ozineus bicristatus Melzer, 1935: 200; Zikán & Zikán, 1944: 37 (distr.); Zikán & Wygodzinsky, 1948: 62 (type).
description: Published as part of Monné, Miguel A., 2005, Catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of the Neotropical Region. Part II. Subfamily Lamiinae, pp. 1-760 in Zootaxa 1023 (1) on pages 1-760, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.946.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5049553
Data_MRH-NCH_OIKOS.xlsx
Creators: name: Jiménez, Daniel Plazas
name: Cianciaruso, Marcus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Data from "Leaf decomposition depends on nutritional trait values but increasing trait variability does not always increase decomposition efficiency" 
Model for disordered proteins with strongly sequence-dependent liquid phase behavior
Creators: name: Statt, Antonia
name: Casademunt, Helena
name: Brangwynne, Clifford P.
name: Panagiotopoulos, Athanassios Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phase separation of intrinsically disordered proteins is important for the formation of membraneless organelles, or biomolecular condensates, which play key roles in the regulation of biochemical processes within cells. In this work, we investigated the phase separation of different sequences of a coarse-grained model for intrinsically disordered proteins and discovered a surprisingly rich phase behavior. We studied both the fraction of total hydrophobic parts and the distribution of hydrophobic parts. Not surprisingly, sequences with larger hydrophobic fractions showed conventional liquid-liquid phase separation. The location of the critical point was systematically influenced by the terminal beads of the sequence, due to changes in interfacial composition and tension. For sequences with lower hydrophobicity, we observed not only conventional liquid-liquid phase separation, but also reentrant phase behavior, in which the liquid phase density decreases at lower temperatures. For some sequences, we observed formation of open phases consisting of aggregates, rather than a normal liquid. These aggregates had overall lower densities than the conventional liquid phases, and exhibited complex geometries with large interconnected string-like or membrane-like clusters. Our findings suggest that minor alterations in the ordering of residues may lead to large changes in the phase behavior of the protein, a fact of significant potential relevance for biology.
Ozineus cinerascens Bates 1863
Creators: name: Monné, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Ozineus
Ozineus cinerascens

description: 7. Ozineus cinerascens Bates, 1863
Type locality — Brazil, Pará: Santarém. (MNHN). Distribution — French Guiana, Brazil (Pará).
 Ozineus cinerascens Bates, 1863: 280.
 Ozineus cinerascens var. pallipes Bates, 1863: 281.
Type locality — Brazil, Pará: Vila Nova. [Parintins]. (MNHN).
description: Published as part of Monné, Miguel A., 2005, Catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of the Neotropical Region. Part II. Subfamily Lamiinae, pp. 1-760 in Zootaxa 1023 (1) on pages 1-760, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.946.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5049553
Orthonasal olfactory blockage determines the neural reorganization in the brain: first minutes
Creators: name: S. Tukaiev
name: I. Zyma
name: Alves Ferreira, João Miguel
Publisher: name: European Journal of Neurology.
Year: 2024

description: Title

Orthonasal olfactory blockage determines the neural reorganization in the brain: first minutes

Introduction

We aim to conduct a neurophysiological study of neocortical mechanisms for the effects of olfactory sensation on functional activity of human brain under temporary obstruction of nasal breathing as model of olfactory dysfunction.

Methods

123 healthy volunteers participated in this study. EEG was registered during the rest state (5 min), olfactory blockage (5 min), under odor stimulation with the lemon essential oil (5 min) and renewal of nasal breathing (5 min).

Results

The onset of orthonasal olfactory sensory blockage was accompanied by an increase in the power of processes of local synchronization of beta frequency in the caudal regions of the brain, with simultaneous enhancement of the coherence of the theta band in parietal-occipital zones and a certain enhancement of the interfrontal and intrahemispherical left-side and right-side interactions in the beta2-subband. Thus, the sudden cessation of olfactory detection led to activation of thalamo-cortical loops and top-down control systems (search for the olfactory signal). The prolongation of the nasal blockage, despite the possibility of activation of the retronasal route of odor perception and odorized air, was accompanied by a definite inhibition of distant interactions in the posterior regions of the brain in the 0-band and a significant decrease in right-brain long-distant and parietooccipital beta2-subband functional connectivity.

Conclusion

Restoration of nasal breathing and olfactory perception is accompanied by sufficiently powerful activation of interhemispheric long and short distance information interactions in the thetal,2 and betal frequency bands, which indicated an increase in cognitive activity of the brain - the development of memory processes, focusing attention.
Leadership debate 2011 : positioning the NDP's education agenda
Creators: name: Steeves, Tobey
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: As British Columbia’s political establishments shift regimes the topography of educational reform shifts, too. The New Democrat Party’s 2011 debate tour provided an opportunity to critically assess the contours of the party’s current educational reform agenda. In ‘debates’ which were open to the public and held across the province, candidates jockeying for leadership of the party discussed various aspects of BC’s educational policies - past, present and future. In this paper I apply Bamberg’s (1997) three-leveled Positioning Analysis to a transcript of one of these debates in order to map the preferred subjectivities, lines of power, and horizons of desire within the NDP’s agenda. In so doing, I hope to underscore the importance of sustained critical engagement with educational policy. [The Explorations & Education Conference is the collaborative effort of graduate student representatives from the Graduate Student Council for the Faculty of Education, the Department of Educational Studies and the Department of Curriculum and Pedagogy. The goal is to "to create a safe space for the exchange of academic ideas and to create opportunities particularly for graduate students (at all levels of study) to present their ideas and research".]
Decay of Correlations in Fermi Systems at Non-zero Temperature
Creators: name: Hastings, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The locality of correlation functions is considered for Fermi systems at non-zero temperature. We show that for all short-range, lattice Hamiltonians, the correlation function of any two fermionic operators decays exponentially with a correlation length which is of order the inverse temperature for small temperature. We discuss applications to numerical simulation of quantum systems at non-zero temperature.
description: 3 pages, 0 figures
A coupled Temperley-Lieb algebra for the superintegrable chiral Potts chain
Creators: name: Adderton, Remy
name: Batchelor, Murray T.
name: Wedrich, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hamiltonian of the $N$-state superintegrable chiral Potts (SICP) model is written in terms of a coupled algebra defined by $N-1$ types of Temperley-Lieb generators. This generalises a previous result for $N=3$ obtained by J. F. Fjelstad and T. Månsson [J. Phys. A {\bf 45} (2012) 155208]. A pictorial representation of a related coupled algebra is given for the $N=3$ case which involves a generalisation of the pictorial presentation of the Temperley-Lieb algebra to include a pole around which loops can become entangled. For the two known representations of this algebra, the $N=3$ SICP chain and the staggered spin-1/2 XX chain, closed (contractible) loops have weight $\sqrt{3}$ and weight $2$, respectively. For both representations closed (non-contractible) loops around the pole have weight zero. The pictorial representation provides a graphical interpretation of the algebraic relations. A key ingredient in the resolution of diagrams is a crossing relation for loops encircling a pole which involves the parameter $ρ= e^{ 2π\mathrm{i}/3}$ for the SICP chain and $ρ=1$ for the staggered XX chain. These $ρ$ values are derived assuming the Kauffman bracket skein relation.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, further cubic relations added
Solar $\barν_e$ flux: Revisiting bounds on neutrino magnetic moments and solar magnetic field
Creators: name: Akhmedov, Evgeny
name: Martínez-Miravé, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interaction of neutrino transition magnetic dipole moments with magnetic fields can give rise to the phenomenon of neutrino spin-flavour precession (SFP). For Majorana neutrinos, the combined action of SFP of solar neutrinos and flavour oscillations would manifest itself as a small, yet potentially detectable, flux of electron antineutrinos coming from the Sun. Non-observation of such a flux constrains the product of the neutrino magnetic moment $μ$ and the strength of the solar magnetic field $B$. We derive a simple analytical expression for the expected $\barν_e$ appearance probability in the three-flavour framework and we use it to revisit the existing experimental bounds on $μB$. A full numerical calculation has also been performed to check the validity of the analytical result. We also present our numerical results in energy-binned form, convenient for analyses of the data of the current and future experiments searching for the solar $\barν_e$ flux. In addition, we give a comprehensive compilation of other existing limits on neutrino magnetic moments and of the expressions for the probed effective magnetic moments in terms of the fundamental neutrino magnetic moments and leptonic mixing parameters.
description: 34 pages, 7 figures, 5 tables. Matches the published version
MAP Kyrgyzstan: A performance of Komuz
Creators: name: Zhanybekova, Symbat
Publisher: name: University of Lincoln
Year: 2025
Subjects: W320 - Music education/teaching
W344 - Folk music
W352 - Community music
W900 - Others in creative arts & design

description: This is a song that reflects on the effects of parental migration on children left behind. It explores the challenges faced by these children when parents leave in search of better job opportunities abroad, often resulting in a lack of parental care. Drawing inspiration from Chingiz Aitmatov’s White Steamship, which portrays a child’s experience of longing for a father figure, the song combines thoughtful poetry with the traditional Kyrgyz Komuz. Through its composition, it highlights the experiences of these children and raises awareness of the broader social implications of migration. The song is written and played by Symbat Zhanybekova (MAP young participant). It was performed at the MAP Impact Week 2023.https://doi.org/10.24385/lincoln.28408364
Electrical conductivity of vanadium dioxide switching channel
Creators: name: Pergament, Alexander
name: Boriskov, Petr
name: Kuldin, Nikolai
name: Velichko, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electrical conductivity of the switching channel of vanadium dioxide thin-film sandwich structures is studied over a wide temperature range (15-300 K). It is shown that the electrical resistance of the channel varies with temperature as R~exp(aT-b/T) in the high-temperature region (above 70 K). The experimental results are discussed from the viewpoint of the small polaron hopping conduction theory which takes into account the influence of thermal lattice vibrations onto the resonance integral.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Metastable states, anomalous distributions and correlations in the HMF model
Creators: name: Pluchino, Alessandro
name: Latora, Vito
name: Rapisarda, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the microscopic dynamics of the metastable Quasi-Stationary States (QSS) in the Hamiltonian Mean Field (HMF) model, a Hamiltonian system of N classical inertial spins with infinite-range interactions which shows a second order phase transition. In order to understand the origin of metastability, which appears in an energy region below the critical point, we consider two different classes of out-of-equilibrium initial conditions, both leading to QSS, and having respectively initial magnetization equal to one (M1 IC) and equal to zero (M0 IC). We compare the corresponding $μ$-space, the resulting velocity pdfs and correlations, and the eventual aging features of the microscopic dynamics. In both cases the model exhibits non-gaussian pdfs, though anomalous correlations are present only when the system is started with an initial magnetization equal to one. In the M0 IC case the relaxation to equilibrium is almost exponential, while,for M1 IC, when correlations and aging are found, the decay is a power-law and the overall behavior can be very well reproduced by a Tsallis q-exponential function. These results contribute to clarify the overall scenario, which is more complex than previously expected and stress the importance of the dynamics in the relaxation process. The nonextensive statistical mechanics formalism proposed by Tsallis seems to be valid, in the out-of-equilibrium phase, when correlations and strong long-term memory effects emerge. This regime becomes stable if the $N\to \infty $ limit is performed before the $t\to \infty $ limit.
description: 15 pages, 10 figs. Revised version: fig.2 improved, conclusions expanded refs. updated. Invited talk at the Los Alamos int. conf. on "Anomalous distributions..." held in Santa Fe 6-9 Nov. 2002. Physica D (2003) in press. The paper contains a partial reply to the manuscript by Zanette and Montemurro [cond-mat/0209640]. Contact the authors for figures of better quality
Data_from_10.1111/oik.08065.xlsx
Creators: name: Jiménez, Daniel Plazas
name: Cianciaruso, Marcus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Data from "Leaf decomposition depends on nutritional trait values but increasing trait variability does not always increase decomposition efficiency" 
The Spin Mass of an Electron Liquid
Creators: name: Qian, Z.
name: Vignale, G.
name: Marinescu, D. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that in order to calculate correctly the {\it spin current} carried by a quasiparticle in an electron liquid one must use an effective "spin mass" $m_s$, that is larger than both the band mass, $m_b$, which determines the charge current, and the quasiparticle effective mass $m^*$, which determines the heat capacity. We present microscopic calculations of $m_s$ in a paramagnetic electron liquid in three and two dimensions, showing that the mass enhancement $m_s/m_b$ can be a very significant effect.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure
Open charm production in DIS at HERA
Creators: name: Chekanov, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An overview of recent HERA results on inclusive production of D* mesons in deep inelastic scattering is given.
description: 3 pages, 6 EPS figures, Contribution to the proceedings of the International Europhysics Conference on High Energy Physics EPS (July 17th-23rd 2003) in Aachen, Germany
Ozineus cretatus Monne & Martins 1976
Creators: name: Monné, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Ozineus
Ozineus cretatus

description: 8. Ozineus cretatus Monné & Martins, 1976
Type locality — Peru, Loreto: Pebas. (ZMHB). Distribution — Peru.
 Ozineus cretatus Monné & Martins, 1976: 66, fig. 27.
description: Published as part of Monné, Miguel A., 2005, Catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of the Neotropical Region. Part II. Subfamily Lamiinae, pp. 1-760 in Zootaxa 1023 (1) on pages 1-760, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.946.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5049553
Dynamical torsion for contact Anosov flows
Creators: name: Chaubet, Yann
name: Dang, Nguyen Viet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37C30 37D20 58J52 57Q10

description: We introduce a new object, the dynamical torsion, which extends the potentially ill-defined value at $0$ of the Ruelle zeta function of a contact Anosov flow twisted by an acyclic representation of the fundamental group. We show important properties of the dynamical torsion: it is invariant under deformations among contact Anosov flows, it is holomorphic in the representation and it has the same logarithmic derivative as some refined combinatorial torsion of Turaev. This shows that the ratio between this torsion and the Turaev torsion is locally constant on the space of acyclic representations.
 In particular, for contact Anosov flows path connected to the geodesic flow of some hyperbolic manifold among contact Anosov flows, we relate the leading term of the Laurent expansion of $ζ$ at the origin, the Reidemeister torsion and the torsions of the finite dimensional complexes of the generalized resonant states of both flows for the resonance $0$. This extends previous work of~\cite{dang2018fried} on the Fried conjecture near geodesic flows of hyperbolic $3$--manifolds, to hyperbolic manifolds of any odd dimension.
Ozineus cribripennis Bates 1885
Creators: name: Monné, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Ozineus
Ozineus cribripennis

description: 9. Ozineus cribripennis Bates, 1885
Type locality — Panama, Chiriquí: Volcán de Chiriquí. (BMNH). Distribution — Costa Rica, Panama.
 Ozineus cribripennis Bates, 1885: 396; Chemsak et al., 1992: 144 (cat.).
description: Published as part of Monné, Miguel A., 2005, Catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of the Neotropical Region. Part II. Subfamily Lamiinae, pp. 1-760 in Zootaxa 1023 (1) on pages 1-760, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.946.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5049553
МЕЖНАЦИОНАЛЬНОЕ СОГЛАСИЕ - ПРИОРИТЕТНОЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЕ РАЗВИТИЯ НОВОГО УЗБЕКИСТАН
Creators: name: ВЕНЕРА ЗАДОЯН
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Аннотация:  В статье раскрывается государственная политика Узбекистана  В обеспечении уважения к языку, традициям, обычаям и культуре различных наций и народностей.  Развития культуры толерантности и гуманизма, укрепление межнационального и межконфессионального взаимопонимания и гражданского согласия в обществе
Lorentzian Quintessential Inflation
Creators: name: Benisty, David
name: Guendelman, Eduardo I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From the assumption that the slow roll parameter $ε$ has a Lorentzian form as a function of the e-folds number $N$, a successful model of a quintessential inflation is obtained. The form corresponds to the vacuum energy both in the inflationary and in the dark energy epochs. The form satisfies the condition to climb from small values of $ε$ to $1$ at the end of the inflationary epoch. At the late universe $ε$ becomes small again and this leads to the Dark Energy epoch. The observables that the models predicts fits with the latest Planck data: $r \sim 10^{-3}, n_s \approx 0.965$. Naturally a large dimensionless factor that exponentially amplifies the inflationary scale and exponentially suppresses the dark energy scale appears, producing a sort of {\it{cosmological see saw mechanism}}. We find the corresponding scalar Quintessential Inflationary potential with two flat regions - one inflationary and one as a dark energy with slow roll behavior.
description: This essay is awarded second prize in the 2020 Essay Competition of the Gravity Research Foundation
ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF HIGHER OIL PRICES ON THE TERMS OF TRADE AND GROWTH IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Creators: name: Demissie, Ejiguo
name: Schreiner, Dean F.
name: Demissie, Ejiguo
name: Schreiner, Dean F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
International Development
International Relations/Trade

description: This study examines the movement in the terms of trade and its subsequent effect on economic growth of a sample of non-oil developing countries for the period of 1960 to 1979. Results indicate that the terms of trade have declined significantly in the 1970's. Export and import price index equations were estimated to determine importance of world commodity prices in explaining movements in terms of trade. Results indicate that higher oil prices in the 1970's caused significant deterioration in the terms of trade for the sample of non-oil developing countries.
Sensitivity analysis of a galaxy formation model
Creators: name: Oleskiewicz, Piotr
name: Baugh, Carlton M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first application of a variance-based sensitivity analysis (SA) to a model that aims to predict the evolution and properties of the whole galaxy population. SA is a well-established technique in other quantitative sciences, but is a relatively novel tool for the evaluation of astrophysical models. We perform a multi-parameter exploration of the GALFORM semi-analytic galaxy formation model, to compute how sensitive the present-day K-band luminosity function is to varying different model parameters. The parameter space is scanned using a low-discrepancy sampling technique proposed by Saltelli. We first demonstrate the usefulness of the SA approach by varying just two model parameters, one which controls supernova feedback and the other the heating of gas by AGN. The SA analysis matches our physical intuition regarding how these parameters affect the predictions for different parts of the galaxy luminosity function. We then use SA to compute Sobol' sensitivity indices varying seven model parameters, connecting the variance in the model output to the variance in the input parameters. The sensitivity is computed in luminosity bins, allowing us to probe the origin of the model predictions in detail. We discover that the SA correctly identifies the least- and most important parameters. Moreover, the SA also captures the combined responses of varying multiple parameters at the same time. Our study marks a much needed step away from the traditional "one-at-a-time" parameter variation often used in this area and improves the transparency of multi-parameter models of galaxy formation.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures
Gallium-nitride-based interference-filter-stabilized external cavity diode laser with a surface-activated-bonded output coupler
Creators: name: Ogawa, Hisashi
name: Kemmochi, Tatsuya
name: Takano, Tetsushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on an interference-filter-stabilized external cavity diode laser using a gallium-nitride-based violet laser diode. Surface-activated-bonded glass substrates were employed as cat's eye output couplers in order to suppress power degradation due to optical damage. From the results of a long-term frequency-stabilization test, mode-hop-free operation for about one week was demonstrated. After a continuous operation of about three weeks, the power degradation was less than 10$\%$. The results show the potential of such interference-filter-stabilized external cavity diode lasers for practical and portable quantum technologies such as atomic clocks or atomic interferometers.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Measurements of the Branching Fraction and CP-Violation Asymmetries in B^0-->f0(980)Ks
Creators: name: Aubert, B.
name: Collaboration, BABAR
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present measurements of the branching fraction and CP-violating asymmetries in the decay $B^0 \to f_0(980)K^0_S$. The results are obtained from a data sample of $123\times10^6$ $Υ(4S) \to B\bar{B}$ decays. From a time-dependent maximum likelihood fit we measure the branching fraction ${\cal B}(\Bz\to f_0(980)(\toπ^+π^-)K^0)=(6.0\pm0.9\pm0.6\pm1.2)\times 10^{-6}$, the mixing-induced CP violation parameter $S=-1.62^{+0.56}_{-0.51} \pm 0.09\pm 0.04$ and the direct CP violation parameter $C=0.27\pm 0.36\pm 0.10 \pm 0.07 $, where the first errors are statistical, the second systematic and the third due to model uncertainties. We measure the $f_0(980)$ mass and width to be $m_{f_0(980)}=(980.6 \pm 4.1 \pm 0.5\pm 4.0){\rm MeV}/c^2$ and $Γ_{f_0(980)}=(43^{+12}_{-9} \pm 3 \pm 9){\rm MeV}/c^2$, respectively.
description: submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett. 7 pages, 2 figures
A nonstandard proof of de Finetti's theorem
Creators: name: Alam, Irfan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G09, 60C05, 28E05, 03H05, 26E35

description: We give a nonstandard analytic proof of de Finetti's theorem for an exchangeable sequence of Bernoulli random variables. The theorem postulates that such a sequence is uniquely representable as a mixture of iid sequences of Bernoulli random variables. We use combinatorial arguments to show that this probability distribution is induced by a hyperfinite sample mean.
description: 14 pages; added a brief introduction to nonstandard methods in the appendix, fixed minor errors/typos. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1901.10507
Negative result measurements in mesoscopic systems
Creators: name: Gurvitz, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate measurement of electron transport in quantum dot systems by using single-electron transistor as a noninvasive detector. It is demonstrated that such a detector can operate in the ``negative-result measurement'' regime. In this case the measured current is not distorted, providing that it is a non-coherent one. For a coherent transport, however, the possibility of observing a particular state out of coherent superposition leads to distortion of a measured current even in the ``negative-result measurement'' regime. The corresponding decoherence rate is obtained in the framework of quantum rate equations.
description: supersedes quant-ph/9607029, to appear in Phys. Lett. A
The First 1-2 Gyrs of Galaxy Formation: Dropout Galaxies from z~3-6
Creators: name: Illingworth, Garth
name: Bouwens, Rychard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The unique high-resolution wide-field imaging capabilities of HST with ACS have allowed the characterization of galaxies at redshift 6, less than 1 Gyr from recombination. The dropout technique, applied to deep ACS i, z images in the RCDS 1252-2927, GOODS and UDF-Parallel fields has yielded large samples of these objects, allowing a detailed determination of their properties (e.g., size, color) and meaningful comparisons against lower redshift dropout samples. The use of cloning techniques has enabled us to control for many of the strong selection biases that affect the study of high redshift populations. A clear trend of size with redshift has been identified, and its impact on the luminosity density and star formation rate can be estimated. There is a significant, though modest, decrease in the star formation rate from redshifts z~2.5 out through z~6. The latest data also allow for the first robust determination of the luminosity function at z~6.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, to appear in the Proceedings of the ESO/USM/MPE Workshop on "Multiwavelength Mapping of Galaxy Formation and Evolution", eds. R. Bender and A. Renzini, left-hand axis to Figure 5a corrected
Solvability for non-smooth Schrödinger equations with singular potentials and square integrable data
Creators: name: Morris, Andrew J.
name: Turner, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J25 (Primary) 35J10, 42B37, 47D06, 47A60 (Secondary)

description: We develop a holomorphic functional calculus for first-order operators $DB$ to solve boundary value problems for Schrödinger equations $-\mathrm{div}\, A \nabla u + a V u = 0$ in the upper half-space $\mathbb{R}^{n+1}_+$ with $n\in\mathbb{N}$. This relies on quadratic estimates for $DB$, which are proved for coefficients $A,a,V$ that are independent of the transversal direction to the boundary, and comprised of a complex-elliptic pair $(A,a)$ that are bounded and measurable, and a singular potential $V$ in either $L^{n/2}(\mathbb{R}^n)$ or the reverse Hölder class $B^{q}(\mathbb{R}^n)$ with $q\geq\max\{\tfrac{n}{2},2\}$. In the latter case, square function bounds are also shown to be equivalent to non-tangential maximal function bounds. This allows us to prove that the (Dirichlet) Regularity and Neumann boundary value problems with $L^2(\mathbb{R}^n)$-data are well-posed if and only if certain boundary trace operators defined by the functional calculus are isomorphisms. We prove this property when the principal coefficient matrix $A$ has either a Hermitian or block structure. More generally, the set of all complex coefficients for which the boundary value problems are well-posed is shown to be open.
description: 63 pages, minor updates prior to publication, to be published in Journal of Functional Analysis
Use of innovation platforms in addressing soil fertility challenges: experiences from rural Zambia
Creators: name: CHIKOPELA, L
name: KALINDA, T. H
name: KUNTASHULA, E
name: NICOLAY, G. L
name: KALALA, D
name: CHISHALA, B. H.
name: CHIKOPELA, L
name: KALINDA, T. H
name: KUNTASHULA, E
name: NICOLAY, G. L
name: KALALA, D
name: CHISHALA, B. H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Crop productivity and farmers,
subject: extension,
subject: innovation platform,
subject: low soil fertility,
subject: Soil Fertility Management (SFM) technologies,
subject: Zambia

description: Low soil fertility has been recognized as one of the challenges contributing to low crop productivity in Zambia. In order to address this challenge, the government, the private sector and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have promoted the use of Soil Fertility Management (SFM) technologies such as agroforestry, animal manure, compost, intercropping of legumes, and minimum tillage. In recent years, Innovation Platforms (IPs) have been used as a means to promote farmer participation in appropriate technology identification and development. This is done to enhance technology adoption and rural development in general. In Zambia, there has been little or no documented experiences or lessons learnt in the use of IPs to address any agricultural problem. Therefore, this paper, attempts to fill this information gap by providing information on the experiences in the use of IPs to address low soil fertility challenges in Zambia’s Kasama and Chipata districts. An IP was established in each district with members drawn from different organizations. The objective of the IP was to provide a platform for discussing and disseminating information in order to enhance the awareness of low soil fertility issues and available appropriate SFM technologies. The experience with the use of IPs showed that IPs are a platform were farmers participated freely in identifying and prioritizing soil fertility challenges. Farmers also participated in proposing solutions and developing an action plan to address the challenges. The other experiences with IPs showed that they are effective information and technical knowledge sharing platforms which enhanced awareness of soil fertility challenges and the available SFM technologies. The IPs also contributed to improving working relations among public, private sector and NGOs. Also IPs were equally key in mobilizing locally available resources (skills, competences and finances) to train farmers in some of the SFM technologies; to raise and distribute agro forestry seedlings and planting materials to farmers; and to help access the local media.. Therefore, the use of IPs should be encouraged as an approach for extension service delivery in rural areas. In order to successfully implement IPs it’s recommended that a careful selection of stakeholders to participate in IPs is done. Working with local traditional leaders in IPs is also effective indissemination of information to address low soil fertility challenges.
Ozineus dimidiatus Aurivillius 1922
Creators: name: Monné, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Ozineus
Ozineus dimidiatus

description: 10. Ozineus dimidiatus Aurivillius, 1922
Type locality — Peru, Huanuco: Pozuzu [Pozuzo]. (NHRS). Distribution — Peru.
 Ozineus dimidiatus Aurivillius, 1922c: 169.
description: Published as part of Monné, Miguel A., 2005, Catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of the Neotropical Region. Part II. Subfamily Lamiinae, pp. 1-760 in Zootaxa 1023 (1) on pages 1-760, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.946.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5049553
Formation of effective multi-stakeholder Platforms: Lessons from coffee innovation platforms in Uganda
Creators: name: MAGALA, D. B
name: MANGHENI, M. N
name: MIIRO, R
name: MAGALA, D. B
name: MANGHENI, M. N
name: MIIRO, R
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Coffee
subject: innovation
subject: multi- stakeholder platform
subject: Uganda
subject: value-chain development

description: Agricultural innovation systems’ thinking has been adopted in agricultural research and development to harness the actor innovative capabilities, knowledge enhancement and social transformation. Hence there is growing recognition of the viability of Innovation platforms (IPs) as an approach to stimulating development of agricultural enterprises due to their emphasis on value chain development, networking and partnerships. However, despite the key role of the formation process in realization of desired outcomes, there is insufficient knowledge on how to form vibrant agricultural innovation platforms under diverse contexts. This study sought to examine the gaps and draw lessons for effective IP formation using the case of the coffee IPs in the four districts of Luwero, Ntungamo, Bushenyi and Rakai in Uganda. Data were collected through key informant interviews with 32 actors of the coffee steering committees and from document review. Qualitative data analysis was conducted using content and thematic analysis. Gaps identified in the IP formation processes included exclusion of some key stakeholders, unclear management and financing mechanisms, and weak governance structures at lower levels. To enhance legitimacy of innovation platforms, the study recommends a formation operational model with four main components of actor identification and mobilization, visioning and strategy formulation process, IP culture and development of governance structures.
The field theoretic derivation of the contact value theorem in planar geometries and its modification by the Casimir effect
Creators: name: Dean, D. S.
name: Horgan, R. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The contact value theorem for Coulomb gases in planar or film-like geometries is derived using a Hamiltonian field theoretic representation of the system. The case where the film is enclosed by a material of different dielectric constant to that of the film is shown to contain an additional Casimir-like term which is generated by fluctuations of the electric potential about its mean-field value.
description: Link between Sine-Gordon and Coulomb gas pressures via subtraction of self interaction terms included. Discussion of results within Debye-Huckel approximation included. Added references
Quantum energies of BPS vortices in $D=2+1$ and $D=3+1$
Creators: name: Graham, N.
name: Weigel, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider vortices in scalar electrodynamics and compute the leading quantum correction to their energies for the BPS case of identical classical masses of the Higgs and gauge fields. In particular, we focus on the winding number $n$ dependence of these corrections, from which we can extract the binding energies of configurations with larger $n$. For both dimensionalities, $D=2+1$ and $D=3+1$, we find that quantum corrections are negative and scale approximately linearly with $n$, so that combined vortices are favored over isolated ones.
description: 18 pages, typos corrected to match journal version