cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Thermalization in Nature and on a Quantum Computer
Creators: name: Riera, Arnau
name: Gogolin, Christian
name: Eisert, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we show how Gibbs or thermal states appear dynamically in closed quantum many-body systems, building on the program of dynamical typicality. We introduce a novel perturbation theorem for physically relevant weak system-bath couplings that is applicable even in the thermodynamic limit. We identify conditions under which thermalization happens and discuss the underlying physics. Based on these results, we also present a fully general quantum algorithm for preparing Gibbs states on a quantum computer with a certified runtime and error bound. This complements quantum Metropolis algorithms, which are expected to be efficient but have no known runtime estimates and only work for local Hamiltonians.
description: 4 pages plus 8 pages appendix, 3 figures
Introducción a Git y GitHub
Creators: name: de la Cruz, Luis Miguel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: El software Git permite gestionar de manera eficiente archivos de proyectos, documentos o software, y se puede sincronizar con GitHub para compartir los archivos con otros usuarios y desarrolladores. En este documento se da una introducción al uso de Git y GitHub con ejemplos sencillos.
Random repeated interaction quantum systems
Creators: name: Bruneau, Laurent
name: Joye, Alain
name: Merkli, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82C10; 60H25

description: We consider a quantum system S interacting sequentially with independent systems E_m, m=1,2,... Before interacting, each E_m is in a possibly random state, and each interaction is characterized by an interaction time and an interaction operator, both possibly random. We prove that any initial state converges to an asymptotic state almost surely in the ergodic mean, provided the couplings satisfy a mild effectiveness condition. We analyze the macroscopic properties of the asymptotic state and show that it satisfies a second law of thermodynamics. We solve exactly a model in which S and all the E_m are spins: we find the exact asymptotic state, in case the interaction time, the temperature, and the excitation energies of the E_m vary randomly. We analyze a model in which S is a spin and the E_m are thermal fermion baths and obtain the asymptotic state by rigorous perturbation theory, for random interaction times varying slightly around a fixed mean, and for small values of a coupling constant.
description: Statements of Theorem 1.5 and 3.2, and proof of Theorem 3.3 modified. To appear in Comm. Math. Phys
Spiked Monopoles
Creators: name: Evslin, Jarah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce the spiked monopole, which is a 't Hooft-Polyakov monopole with two charged scalar Higgs fields, of which one enjoys a quartic self-interaction. The free Higgs field behaves as in a BPS monopole, reducing the inter-monopole repulsion. The other Higgs has a spiked profile similar to a non-BPS monopole. Using the methods from numerical relativity recently adapted to the Yang-Mills-Higgs theory by Vachaspati, we simulate the interactions of such monopoles. During the long lifetime of these simulations the individual monopoles are stable. We find that they are always repulsive, with a small repulsion only when the interaction Higgs VEV is proportionately small. We briefly comment on implications for giant monopole dark matter models and on supermassive black hole seeding by the spikes.
description: 18 pages, 4 PDF figures
Tangles of superpositions and the convex-roof extension
Creators: name: Osterloh, Andreas
name: Siewert, Jens
name: Uhlmann, Armin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss aspects of the convex-roof extension of multipartite entanglement measures, that is, $SL(2,\CC)$ invariant tangles. We highlight two key concepts that contain valuable information about the tangle of a density matrix: the {\em zero-polytope} is a convex set of density matrices with vanishing tangle whereas the {\em convex characteristic curve} readily provides a non-trivial lower bound for the convex roof and serves as a tool for constructing the convex roof outside the zero-polytope. Both concepts are derived from the tangle for superpositions of the eigenstates of the density matrix. We illustrate their application by considering examples of density matrices for two-qubit and three-qubit states of rank 2, thereby pointing out both the power and the limitations of the concepts.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, revtex4
On Metastable Vacua and the Warped Deformed Conifold: Analytic Results
Creators: name: Bena, Iosif
name: Giecold, Gregory
name: Grana, Mariana
name: Halmagyi, Nick
name: Massai, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Continuing the programme of constructing the backreacted solution corresponding to smeared anti-D3 branes in the warped deformed conifold, we solve analytically the equations governing the space of first-order deformations around this solution. We express the results in terms of at most three nested integrals. These are the simplest expressions for the space of $SU(2) \times SU(2) \times \ZZ_2$-invariant deformations, in which the putative solution for smeared anti-D3 branes must live. We also explain why one cannot claim to identify this solution without fully relating the coefficients of the infrared and ultraviolet expansions of the deformation modes. The analytic solution we find is the first step in this direction.
description: 16 pages
Fourth order indirect integration method for black hole perturbations: even modes
Creators: name: Ritter, Patxi
name: Spallicci, Alessandro D. A. M.
name: Aoudia, Sofiane
name: Cordier, Stephane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On the basis of a recently proposed strategy of finite element integration in time domain for partial differential equations with a singular source term, we present a fourth order algorithm for non-rotating black hole perturbations in the Regge-Wheeler gauge. Herein, we address even perturbations induced by a particle plunging in. The forward time value at the upper node of the $(r^*,t)$ grid cell is obtained by an algebraic sum of i) the preceding node values of the same cell, ii) analytic expressions, related to the jump conditions on the wave function and its derivatives, iii) the values of the wave function at adjacent cells. In this approach, the numerical integration does not deal with the source and potential terms directly, for cells crossed by the particle world line. This scheme has also been applied to circular and eccentric orbits and it will be object of a forthcoming publication.
description: This series of papers deals with EMRI for LISA. With the respect to the v1 version, the algorithm has been improved; convergence tests and references have been added; v2 is composed by 23 pages, and 6 figures. Paper accepted by Class. Quantum Gravity for the special issue on Theory Meets Data Analysis at Comparable and Extreme Mass Ratios (Capra and NRDA) at Perimeier Institute in June 2010
Modeling complex tasks: An individual difference approach
Creators: name: Rehling, John
name: Lovett, Marsha
name: Lebiere, Christian
name: Reder, Lynne M.
name: Baris  Demiral
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: It is the usual case in cognitive modeling that a model's output is compared to the average of a number of subjects, in which case the enterprise of modeling is apparently to capture the behavior of the typical individual. Our approach is to administer wow simple tasks to each subject, using performance on those tasks as measure of individual ability. Those measure are then used as the values for parameters in an ACT-R model of more complex task, so that the model can predict individual performance on that task.
The motivic zeta function and its smallest poles
Creators: name: Segers, Dirk
name: Van Proeyen, Lise
name: Veys, Willem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14B05, 14E15, 14J17

description: Let f be a regular function on a nonsingular complex algebraic variety of dimension d. We prove a formula for the motivic zeta function of f in terms of an embedded resolution. This formula is over the Grothendieck ring itself, and specializes to the formula of Denef and Loeser over a certain localization. We also show that the space of n-jets satisfying f=0 can be partitioned into locally closed subsets which are isomorphic to a cartesian product of some variety with an affine space of dimension the round up of dn/2. Finally, we look at the consequences for the poles of the motivic zeta function.
A Modular Type-checking algorithm for Type Theory with Singleton Types and Proof Irrelevance
Creators: name: Abel, Andreas
name: Coquand, Thierry
name: Pagano, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.1

description: We define a logical framework with singleton types and one universe of small types. We give the semantics using a PER model; it is used for constructing a normalisation-by-evaluation algorithm. We prove completeness and soundness of the algorithm; and get as a corollary the injectivity of type constructors. Then we give the definition of a correct and complete type-checking algorithm for terms in normal form. We extend the results to proof-irrelevant propositions.
The need for inertia in nonequilibrium steady states of sheared binary fluids
Creators: name: Fielding, Suzanne M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study numerically phase separation in a binary fluid subject to an applied shear flow in two dimensions, with full hydrodynamics. To do so, we introduce a mixed finite-differencing/spectral simulation technique, with a transformation to render trivial the implementation of Lees-Edwards sheared periodic boundary conditions. For systems with inertia, we reproduce the nonequilibrium steady states reported in a recent lattice Boltzmann study. The domain coarsening that would occur in zero shear is arrested by the applied shear flow, which restores a finite domain size set by the inverse shear rate. For inertialess systems, in contrast, we find no evidence of nonequilibrium steady states free of finite size effects: coarsening persists indefinitely until the typical domain size attains the system size, as in zero shear. We present an analytical argument that supports this observation, and that furthermore provides a possible explanation for a hitherto puzzling property of the nonequilibrium steady states with inertia.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures
Illuminated Charters in France – Challenges for Diplomatics and Digital Humanities
Creators: name: Bartz, Gabriele
Publisher: name: Departement for Digital Humanities, University of Graz
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Art history
subject: France
subject: Diplomatics

description: Slides of the presentation in the ERC project "From Digital to Distant Diplomatics" (Grant no. 101019327), 27.6.2024 Graz
On the origin of the hydraulic jump in a thin liquid film
Creators: name: Bhagat, R. K.
name: Jha, N. K.
name: Linden, P. F.
name: Wilson, D. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For more than a century, it has been believed that all hydraulic jumps are created due to gravity. However, we found that thin-film hydraulic jumps are not induced by gravity. This study explores the initiation of thin-film hydraulic jumps. For circular jumps produced by the normal impingement of a jet onto a solid surface, we found that the jump is formed when surface tension and viscous forces balance the momentum in the film and gravity plays no significant role. Experiments show no dependence on the orientation of the surface and a scaling relation balancing viscous forces and surface tension collapses the experimental data. Experiments on thin film planar jumps in a channel also show that the predominant balance is with surface tension, although for the thickness of the films we studied gravity also played a role in the jump formation. A theoretical analysis shows that the downstream transport of surface tension energy is the previously neglected, critical ingredient in these flows and that capillary waves play the role of gravity waves in a traditional jump in demarcating the transition from the supercritical to subcritical flow associated with these jumps.
Università e Scuole: costruire alleanze educative attraverso la pratica filosofica di comunità
Creators: name: Tigano, Alessandra
Publisher: name: Gli Argonauti. Rivista di Studi Storico-Educativi e Pedagogici
Year: 2025
Subjects: Philosophy for children/Citizen/Community; didattica della comunità di ricerca filosofica; docente riflessivo; Insegnare a pensare; Obiettivi ONU 2030 Philosophy for children/Citizen/Community; Philosophical Inquiry and practice; The reflective practition

description: Lo studio esamina le ricerche pioneristiche promosse dalle proff.sse Rosaria Longo, Francesca Pulvirenti e Alessandra Tigano del Dipartimento di Scienze della Formazione dell’Ateneo di Catania nell’ambito del movimento educativo internazionale della Philosophy for Community (P4C). Le analisi mettono in luce il ruolo etico e civile della filosofia (legge n.92/2019) e la sua capacità di costruire alleanze educative e “reti d’incontro” tra Università, Scuole e Crif. La pratica filosofica di comunità si declina come risorsa educativa che rigenera la didattica generale di tutte le discipline d’insegnamento, con un occhio di riguardo allo sviluppo dei modelli enattivi, socio-costruttivisti e riflessivi della professionalità docente, orientati ai Globals goals 2030 delle Nazioni Unite: istruzione di qualità, lotta alle povertà educative, cittadinanza inclusiva, responsabile e sostenibile.

This study examines the pioneering researches promoted by University Professors Rosaria Longo, Francesca Pulvirenti and Alessandra Tigano of the Department of Education Sciences of the University of Catania in the framework of the international educational movement of Philosophy for Community (P4C). The research underlines the ethical and civic role of philosophy (law n.92/ 2019) and its capacity to build “meeting networks”among University, Schools and Crif. The philosophical practice of community becomes an educational resource that renews the general teaching methodology of all disciplines, with a particular attention to the developement of enactive, social cultural models of teaching profession, based on 2030 United Nations Global goals: high quality education, struggle against poor education, inclusive, responsable and sustainable citizenship.
description: Gli Argonauti. Rivista di Studi Storico-Educativi e Pedagogici, V. 3, N. 1-2 (2023)
Modeling age-related memory deficits: a two-parameter solution.
Creators: name: Norbou G. Buchler
name: Reder, Lynne M.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Recent research and meta-analytic reviews suggest that 1 observed pattern of impaired and intact memory performance with advancing age is a deficit in measures of episodic but not semantic memory. The authors used computational modeling to explore a number of age-related parameters to account for this pattern. A 2-parameter solution based on lifelong experience successfully fit the pattern of results in 5 published studies of the word-frequency mirror effect and paired-associate recognition. Lifelong experience increases the strength (resting level of activation) of concepts in the network but also saturates the network with an increasing number of episodic associations to each concept. More episodic associations to each concept mean that activation spreads more diffusely, making retrieval of any newly established memory trace less likely; however, the greater strength of a concept makes recognition based on familiarity more likely. The simulations provide good quantitative fits to the extant age-related memory literature and support the plausibility of this mechanistic account.
Connection between the high energy-scale evolution of the P- and T-odd $πN N$ coupling constant and the strong $πN N$ interaction
Creators: name: Blunden, P. G.
name: Kondratyuk, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The large energy-scale behaviour of the parity and time-reversal violating (PTV) pion-nucleon coupling constant is analyzed in a model combining renormalization-group techniques and the dressing of the PTV vertex with a pion loop. With the strong $πN N$ vertex as a mixture of the pseudovector and pseudoscalar couplings, we show that depending on the admixture parameter, two qualitatively distinct types of behaviour are obtained for the PTV coupling constant at high energy scales: an asymptotic freedom or a fixed-point. We find a critical value of the admixture parameter which delineates these two scenarios. Several examples of the high-energy scale behaviour of the PTV $πN N$ constant are considered, corresponding to realistic hadronic models of the strong pion-nucleon interaction.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
Cissidium flavum Darby 2020, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Darby, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Ptiliidae
Cissidium
Cissidium flavum

description: Cissidium flavum sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: A36CD579-8C69-473F-B1FA-2CACDF167FBB
Fig. 71
Etymology
Johnson ms name, after the yellow colour of the specimen.
Material examined
Holotype BRAZIL • ♀; Tainhas R.G. de Sul; 1 May 1959; specimen mounted as a disarticulated slide; F. Plaumann leg.; FMNH.
Description
SIZE. Habitus (Fig. 71A), length 0.62 mm.
COLOUR. Yellow.
HEAD. With a transverse depression behind the eyes, width across eyes 0.19 mm; mentum and prementum obscured; antennomeres III–XI length 0.31 mm, III–IX length 0.19 mm, X–XI length 0.12 mm globular.
PRONOTUM. Length 0.17 mm, width 0.27 mm, pubescent, without foveolae and foveae; lateral margins shallow angled, narrowly bordered, the borders extending along the posterior margin to the angulate medial emargination opposite the scutellum, hind angles sharp, acute (Fig. 71B).
ELYTRA. Length 0.42 mm, width 0.35 mm, pubescent, setae same length as pronotum, without foveae and foveolae.
MESOVENTRITE. Collar with tapering medial extension; mid-keel narrow, anterior corners almost obliterated before reaching collar, posterior corners not joining mesocoxal anterior borders, raised at junction with keel; keel with ± nine setae, broad at base and tapering to bluntly pointed termination at mesocoxal hind margins; mesoventral lateral margins without clear serrations; humeri toothed (Fig. 71C).
METAVENTRITE. Length 0.12 mm, sparsely pubescent, disc simple, width across spines 0.08 mm, spines short; posterior margins of mesocoxal cavities without serrations.
WINGS. Macropterous.
GENITALIA. Female spermatheca globular. Male not known.
Remarks
One of the three Brazilian species in this group. Distinguished by the pointed median extension of the mesoventral keel together with the partially parallel- sided mid-keel.
description: Published as part of Darby, Michael, 2020, A revision of Cissidium Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Ptiliidae) with seventy seven new species, pp. 1-188 in European Journal of Taxonomy 622 on pages 113-114, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.622, http://zenodo.org/record/3777282
D7.1 Overall Implementation Plan and  Management (I)
Creators: name: LASKARI, Marina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Project planning
Implementation strategies
Stakeholder coordination
Urban development
Sustainable innovation

description: Attached is the Deliverable D7.1 Overall LL Implementation Plan, including a detailed and tailored Scoping and Implementation Plan that will be carried out in each of the six PROBONO LLs. The submission date was changed from the initial in M8 (August 2022) to M9 (September 2022) informing about that need the Project Officer. The Lead Beneficiary has used this time in addition to aligning and coordinating better the input-output interlinks with the rest of the WPs under development and is not mature enough due to the date of the initial date on M8.
An exploration around completeness of the international accounting standards board's qualitative characteristics
Creators: name: Evans, Gareth Christopher
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Accounting
qualitative characteristics
Conceptual Framework
financial reporting
relevance
faithful representation
prudence
matching
transparency
stewardship
reliability
content analysis
Foucault
Foucauldian lens
critical discourse analysis
constraints

description: The Qualitative Characteristics of decision-useful financial information, as set out in the revised March 2018 Conceptual Framework for financial reporting of the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), are fundamental for standard setting, relied on by companies when making accounting policy changes and choices. This thesis set out to explore the completeness of these qualitative characteristics after the literature review showed no overarching conceptual context of the qualitative characteristics that was universally agreed upon.This research used both Foucauldian critical discourse analysis and content analysis paradigms to elucidate the inclusion conundrum. Foucauldian analysis allowed focus on power relationships, governmentality and subjectification in accounting society, as expressed through language and practices of the IASB who ultimately decide on the qualitative characteristics, and the IASB’s interaction with professional accountants preparing international, domestic UK and local Isle of Man (IOM) banks’ annual reports. Content analysis was used to analyse data collected via interviews with preparers and users of banks’ accounts, changes in banks’ accounting policies after the conceptual framework was published, and comment letters from banks’ who wroteto the IASB. Geographical and cultural spread was attained by exploring the annual reports of both building societies and regulated banks’ listed on the UK FTSE, South African JSE, and Australian stock exchange main boards, in addition to those of local IOM banks’. The original contribution to knowledge found was the potential significant omissions of the constraints of ‘materiality’, ‘transparency’, and ‘regulatory or supervisory framework’ surrounding the qualitative characteristics having been shown to be valid and includable, the adjective ‘decision-useful’ reinstated in the chapter title, and the IASB project’s team technical writers needing to show completeness of attention to all comments.From these findings, a freshly formulated chapter in the conceptual framework on the qualitative characteristics can be submitted for consideration by the IASB, with potential for implementation internationally on post-implementation review.
title: How do galaxies get their gas?
Creators: name: Keres, D
name: Katz, N
name: Weinberg, DH
name: Dave, R
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: methods : numerical
subject: cooling flows
subject: galaxies : evolution
subject: galaxies : formation
subject: Astrophysics and Astronomy

description: This is the pre-published version harvested from ArXiv. The published version is located at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.09451.x/abstract
description: We examine the temperature history of gas accreted by forming galaxies in smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations. About half of the gas follows the track expected in the conventional picture of galaxy formation, shock heating to roughly the virial temperature of the galaxy potential well (T∼ 106 K for a Milky Way type galaxy) before cooling, condensing and forming stars. However, the other half radiates its acquired gravitational energy at much lower temperatures, typically T < 105 K, and the histogram of maximum gas temperatures is clearly bimodal. The ‘cold mode’ of gas accretion dominates for low-mass galaxies (baryonic mass Mgal≲ 1010.3 M⊙ or halo mass Mhalo≲ 1011.4 M⊙), while the conventional ‘hot mode’ dominates the growth of high-mass systems. Cold accretion is often directed along filaments, allowing galaxies to efficiently draw gas from large distances, while hot accretion is quasi-spherical. The galaxy and halo mass dependence leads to redshift and environment dependence of cold and hot accretion rates, with the cold mode dominating at high redshift and in low-density regions today, and the hot mode dominating in group and cluster environments at low redshift. The simulations reproduce an important feature of the observed relation between the galaxy star formation rate (SFR) and the environment, namely a break in star formation rates at surface densities Σ∼ 1 h275 Mpc−2, outside the virial radii of large groups and clusters. The cosmic SFR tracks the overall history of gas accretion, and its decline at low redshift follows the combined decline of cold and hot accretion rates. The drop in cold accretion is driven by the decreasing infall rate on to haloes, while for hot accretion this slower mass growth is further modified by the longer cooling times within haloes. If we allowed hot accretion to be suppressed by conduction or active galactic nuclei feedback, then the simulation predictions would change in interesting ways, perhaps resolving conflicts with the colours of ellipticals and the cut-off of the galaxy luminosity function. The transition at Mhalo∼ 1011.4 M⊙ between cold-mode domination and hot-mode domination is similar to that found by Birnboim & Dekel using one-dimensional simulations and analytic arguments. The corresponding baryonic mass is tantalizingly close to the scale at which Kauffmann et al. find a marked shift in galaxy properties, and we speculate on possible connections between these theoretical and observational transitions.
Prescribing a heat flux coming from a wave equation
Creators: name: Ikehata, Masaru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35R30, 35L05

description: What happens when one prescribes a heat flux which is proportional to the Neumann data of a solution of the wave equation in the whole space on the surface of a heat conductive body? It is shown that there is a difference in the asymptotic behaviour of the indicator function in the most recent version of the time domain enclosure method, which aims at extracting information about an unknown cavity embedded in the body.
description: 19 pages, the final version
An unknown story: Majorana and the Pauli-Weisskopf scalar electrodynamics
Creators: name: Esposito, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An account is given of an interesting but unknown theory by Majorana regarding scalar quantum electrodynamics, elaborated several years before the known Pauli-Weisskopf theory. Theoretical calculations and their interpretation are given in detail, together with a general historical discussion of the main steps towards the building of a quantum field theory for electrodynamics. A possible peculiar application to nuclear constitution, as conceived around 1930, considered by Majorana is as well discussed.
description: Latex, amsart, 20 pages, 2 figures; to be published in Annalen der Physik
Possible Drawbacks to take into Account while Utilizing Wearable Tracking Devices
Creators: name: D.K Garba
name: M.A Baballe
Publisher: name: gjrpublication
Year: 2024

description: Wearable sensors that monitor vital signs can potentially be used to evaluate the health of patients. Thus, they can be of great use to both patients and medical professionals in the process of diagnosing illnesses, especially when it comes to taking a patient's body temperature in the case of infectious disorders.
Some Open Points in Nonextensive Statistical Mechanics
Creators: name: Tsallis, Constantino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present and discuss a list of some interesting points that are currently open in nonextensive statistical mechanics. Their analytical, numerical, experimental or observational advancement would naturally be very welcome.
description: 30 pages including 6 figures. Invited paper to appear in the International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos
Multilingual data in ELTeC: enacting European literary traditions
Creators: name: Patras, Roxana
name: Lionte, Ioana-Alexandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: multilingualism, ELTeC, titling practices

description: This workshop aims to present challenges that arose during the implementation of the CA 16204: Distant Reading for European Literary History and several solutions for fostering a culturally-informed and linguistically-aware use of data, which the project members – representing 30 participating countries – have identified together through close collaboration within the 4 working groups. The first part is a discussion of pros and cons regarding the application of strict sampling principles to heterogeneous and non-synchronously-developed literary traditions, many of them defined as “emergent”, thus having an intermittent dynamic between 1840 and 1920. While for the relatively young literary traditions of the Central and South-Eastern Europe, the metadata-based approach, “the distance as a condition of knowledge,” the forced estrangement from a novel’s content, and the ELTeC selection criteria (e.g. at least 10/15 % female authored novels, 20 % long novels) might look like “a bed of Procrustes,” the encoding schema (Level 1 and 2 in particular) allows for enough illustration of linguistic and cultural specificity. In fact, ELTeC presently accommodates 14 typologically-diverse languages such as Romance, Balto-Slavic, and Germanic (for the current status of ELTeC, check https://distantreading.github.io/ELTeC/), and it is used as a benchmark corpus to test the performance of tools on lesser resourced languages. Moreover, new entries (Ukrainian, Belorussian), extensions to collections that contain texts published before or after the indicated time span, as well as multilingual collections (e.g. Swiss) are encouraged. The second part is a case study on the ELTeC paratext (titles as “thresholds” to “the great unread”) aiming to illustrate how the ELTeC multilingual diversity can be employed in order combat language indifference and to devise more comprehensive research questions questioning theoretical assumptions and integrating both linguistic and literary concepts. While it includes first editions as well as later ones, ELTeC reflects literary and cultural conventions (e.g. genres, periods), rather than linguistic features. Nevertheless, tokenization and POS tagging tests that have been done on the titles from the Romance language collections (French, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish, and Romanian) brought to the fore several situations that should challenge current tokenization practices.
Modality-independent coding of spatial layout in the human brain.
Creators: name: Wolbers, Thomas
name: Klatzky, Roberta
name: Loomis, Jack M.
name: Wutte, Magdalena G.
name: Giudice, Nicholas A.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: In many nonhuman species, neural computations of navigational information such as position and orientation are not tied to a specific sensory modality [1, 2]. Rather, spatial signals are integrated from multiple input sources, likely leading to abstract representations of space. In contrast, the potential for abstract spatial representations in humans is not known, because most neuroscientific experiments on human navigation have focused exclusively on visual cues. Here, we tested the modality independence hypothesis with two functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiments that characterized computations in regions implicated in processing spatial layout [3]. According to the hypothesis, such regions should be recruited for spatial computation of 3D geometric configuration, independent of a specific sensory modality. In support of this view, sighted participants showed strong activation of the parahippocampal place area (PPA) and the retrosplenial cortex (RSC) for visual and haptic exploration of information-matched scenes but not objects. Functional connectivity analyses suggested that these effects were not related to visual recoding, which was further supported by a similar preference for haptic scenes found with blind participants. Taken together, these findings establish the PPA/RSC network as critical in modality-independent spatial computations and provide important evidence for a theory of high-level abstract spatial information processing in the human brain.
Cissidium globosum Darby 2015
Creators: name: Darby, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Ptiliidae
Cissidium
Cissidium globosum

description: Cissidium globosum Darby, 2015
Figs 2G, 72
Material examined
Holotype BOLIVIA • ♀; Santa Cruz Dep., Espejillos; 17°54′04″ S, 63°26′16″ E; 536 m a.s.l.; 1 Dec. 2013; sifting under palms; Winkler app. extrac.; P. Baňař leg.; UASC.
Supplementary description
The following description amplifies the type description of Darby (2015), in particular by adding more details of the meso- and metaventral characters, in order to conform with the entries in the present paper.
SIZE. Habitus (Fig. 72A), length 0.61 mm.
COLOUR. Brownish yellow, legs and antennae paler.
HEAD. With a linear depression between the eyes, distance across the eyes 0.19 mm; antennomeres III–XI 0.26 mm long, terminal antennomeres globose (Fig. 2G).
PRONOTUM. 0.25 mm wide, 0.17 mm long (Fig. 72B).
ELYTRA. 0.41 mm long, 0.35 mm wide, foveolae deeper than those on pronotum.
MESOVENTRITE. Medial extension of collar broad; mid-keel with concave lateral margins, the anterior corners wider than the posterior corners which do not reach the mesocoxal anterior borders, shallowly raised before keel with ± six setae from concave foveolae; keel short, pointed, terminating close to rear margin of mesocoxae; lateral margins of mesoventrite without serrations (Fig. 72C).
METAVENTRITE. Posterior margins of mesocoxae partially serrate, spines long.
GENITALIA. Female spermatheca globular. Males not known.
Remarks
Separable from the six other Bolivian Cissidium by its small size, the strongly arched median extension of the mesoventral collar and the parallel sided mid-keel.
description: Published as part of Darby, Michael, 2020, A revision of Cissidium Motschulsky (Coleoptera: Ptiliidae) with seventy seven new species, pp. 1-188 in European Journal of Taxonomy 622 on pages 114-115, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2020.622, http://zenodo.org/record/3777282
Unveiling Culinary Waste: An In-depth Analysis of Portioning, Service Methods, Planning Practices, and Over-peeling in the Context of Food Wastage in Kabarnet Hotel
Creators: name: Ogweyo, Ogalo Peter
Publisher: name: The Eldoret National Polytechnic
Year: 2024

description: This study investigated about factors influencing food wastage in Kabarnet Hotel, Baringo County, Kenya, emphasizing the importance of sustainable culinary practices. The research focuses on four dimensions: food portioning, service methods, planning practices, and over-peeling of food items. Through a descriptive survey design, qualitative and quantitative data were collected from 30 respondents, representing 10% of the targeted population of 300 hotel workers. The study reveals that 60.00% of respondents had a secondary level of education, indicating a need for education and training programs on food wastage awareness. Concerning over-peeling, 60.00% strongly agreed that it contributes to food wastage, emphasizing its significance in line with recent studies. Regarding food portioning, 80.00% agreed that it influences food wastage, supporting findings from relevant literature. The impact of service methods was highlighted, with 40.00% indicating a high influence, underscoring the importance of proper service practices. In the context of planning, 60.00% of respondents agreed that it influences food wastage, reinforcing the importance of strategic planning practices. In conclusion, the study recommends education and training, awareness campaigns, efficient portioning practices, sustainable service methods, and strategic menu planning to minimize food wastage. The research contributes actionable insights for local efforts and addresses the broader global agenda of reducing food wastage
Making the Dataspace Protocol an international standard
Creators: name: Turkmayali, Anil
name: Gras, Nora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Harnessing the power of data is no longer optional but essential for success in business, politics, and society. However, to truly unlock its potential, we must handle data with utmost care. When collecting, processing, and sharing data, we need to prioritize trust and data sovereignty.

Data spaces are digital environments designed for the trusted sharing and management of data among various participants. Data spaces can enable more efficient implementations of advanced services and solutions based on data. Data spaces guarantee data sovereignty to participating individuals and organizations, allowing data holders to control the terms and conditions by which the data is re-used.

Data spaces have the potential to make business, economies, and life dramatically better. They are a paradigm shift for the way we share data – and they are a prerequisite to make the data economy and game changers like artificial intelligence happen.

But we at IDSA already back in 2017 observed that all these amazing things are not happening, at least not at the speed and scale we want and hope for. What was missing? A technology that integrates key processes common to all data spaces into a robust framework, following best practices, regardless of region, sector, use case, business model, or applicable legal regulations. Those are processes like exchanging information about what kind of data is available, negotiating a contract, and proceeding to the actual data exchange. 

What we were missing is a data space protocol, better, the IDSA Dataspace Protocol (DSP). This challenge affected all organizations participating and providing services in data spaces. Beyond common practices, we recognized that only standardized technology could provide organizations with sufficient confidence to invest in learning and implementing these new solutions. International standards are instrumental in addressing such challenges.

The DSP is not just a technical innovation; it is a strategic enabler for the data-driven economy. The DSP orchestrates the necessary steps for two or more parties to share data, including requesting a catalogue, negotiating a contract, and managing the transfer process. Its impact could be as profound as the protocols that shaped the internet like the Internet Protocol (IP), transforming fragmented and isolated networks into a global, interconnected one. Similarly, the GSM standard  revolutionized global mobile telephony. Just as these protocols laid the foundation for the Internet and modern communications, the Dataspace Protocol will lay the foundation for trustworthy and sovereign data sharing –unlocking new opportunities for collaboration and innovation in various sectors.
Missing the Big Picture: Impaired Development of Global Shape Processing in Autism
Creators: name: K. Suzanne  Scherf
name: Luna, Beatriz
name: Kimchi, Ruth
name: Minshew, Nancy
name: Behrmann, Marlene
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Individuals with autism exhibit hypersensitivity to local elements of the input, which may interfere with the ability to group visual elements perceptually. We investigated the development of perceptual grouping abilities in high-functioning individuals with autism (HFA) across a wide age range (8–30 years) using a classic compound letter global/local (GL) task and a more fine-grained microgenetic prime paradigm (MPP), including both few- and many-element hierarchical displays. In the GL task, contrary to the typically developing (TD) controls, HFA participants did not develop an increasing sensitivity to the global information with age. In the MPP, like the TD controls, individuals with autism at all three age groups evinced a bias to individuate the few-element displays. However, contrary to the TD controls, the HFA group failed to show age-related improvements in the ability to encode the global shape of the many-element displays. In fact, across the age range, the HFA group was consistently faster than the TD controls at perceiving the local elements in these displays. These results indicate that in autism the full process of garnering shape information from perceptual grouping, which is essential for the ability to do fast and efficient object recognition and identification, never matures, and this is especially evident in adolescence when this ability begins to improve in TD individuals. The atypical development of these perceptual organizational abilities may disrupt processing of visually presented objects, which may, in turn, fundamentally impede the development of major aspects of the social and emotional behaviors in individuals with autism.
Lifetimes of low-lying excited states in $^{86}_{36}$Kr$_{50}$
Creators: name: Henderson, J.
name: Chester, A.
name: Ball, G. C.
name: Caballero-Folch, R.
name: Domingo, T.
name: Drake, T. E.
name: Evitts, L. J.
name: Hackman, G.
name: Hallam, S.
name: Garnsworthy, A. B.
name: Moukaddam, M.
name: Ruotsalainen, P.
name: Smallcombe, J.
name: Smith, J. K.
name: Starosta, K.
name: Svensson, C. E.
name: Williams, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of nuclear magic numbers at extremes of isospin is a topic at the forefront of contemporary nuclear physics. $N=50$ is a prime example, with increasing experimental data coming to light on potentially doubly-magic $^{100}$Sn and $^{78}$Ni at the proton-rich and proton-deficient extremes, respectively. Experimental discrepancies exist in the data for less exotic systems. In $^{86}$Kr the $B(E2;2^+_1\rightarrow0^+_1)$ value - a key indicator of shell evolution - has been experimentally determined by two different methodologies, with the results deviating by $3σ$. Here, we report on a new high-precision measurement of this value, as well as the first measured lifetimes and hence transition strengths for the $2^+_2$ and $3^-_{(2)}$ states in the nucleus. The Doppler-shift attenuation method was implemented using the TIGRESS gamma-ray spectrometer and TIGRESS integrated plunger (TIP) device. High-statistics Monte-Carlo simulations were utilized to extract lifetimes in accordance with state-of-the-art methodologies. Lifetimes of $τ(2^+_1)=336\pm4\text{(stat.)}\pm20\text{(sys.)}$ fs, $τ(2^+_2)=263\pm9\text{(stat.)}\pm19\text{(sys.)}$ fs and $τ(3^-_{(2)})=73\pm6\text{(stat.)}\pm32\text{(sys.)}$ fs were extracted. This yields a transition strength for the first-excited state of $B(E2;2^+_1\rightarrow0^+)=259\pm3\text{(stat.)}\pm16\text{(sys.)}$ e$^2$fm$^4$. The measured lifetime disagrees with the previous Doppler-shift attenuation method measurement by more than $3σ$, while agreeing well with a previous value extracted from Coulomb excitation. The newly extracted $B(E2;2^+_1\rightarrow0^+_1)$ value indicates a more sudden reduction in collectivity in the $N=50$ isotones approaching $Z=40$.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures, to be submitted to Physical Review C
The geometry of sound rays in a wind
Creators: name: Gibbons, G. W.
name: Warnick, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We survey the close relationship between sound and light rays and geometry. In the case where the medium is at rest, the geometry is the classical geometry of Riemann. In the case where the medium is moving, the more general geometry known as Finsler geometry is needed. We develop these geometries ab initio, with examples, and in particular show how sound rays in a stratified atmosphere with a wind can be mapped to a problem of circles and straight lines.
description: Popular review article to appear in Contemporary Physics
Wavenumber-explicit $hp$-FEM analysis for Maxwell's equations with transparent boundary conditions
Creators: name: Melenk, Jens Markus
name: Sauter, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The time-harmonic Maxwell equations at high wavenumber $k$ are discretized by edge elements of degree $p$ on a mesh of width $h$. For the case of a ball and exact, transparent boundary conditions, we show quasi-optimality of the Galerkin method under the $k$-explicit scale resolution condition that a) $kh/p$ is sufficient small and b) $p/\log k$ is bounded from below.
Design and Simulation of a Traffic Light Management System
Creators: name: D.K Garba
name: M. A Baballe
Publisher: name: gjrpublication
Year: 2024

description: Batteries are used to power the whole system, and if they go down, you can also charge them. There is also a switch on the system that is used to power it on or off. In this research, the four lanes of traffic are named lane A, lane B, lane C, and lane D. There is a wireless system that is used to control the four lanes in case you decide not to use the control button on the system. The buttons are also labeled A, B, C, and D. Also on the wireless system, it is labeled A, B, C, and D, indicating the four lanes of the research. If there is an emergency in lane D and lane A is the one that is working or giving permission to go, you can use either the control switch from the system or the wireless control system to give lane D permission to go. If the cars in the lane, which is D, have passed, then they will automatically go back to the lane in which they are operating, which is lane A. If all the cars have finished passing in lane A, they will then go to lane B, lane C, and lane D and return to lane A again.