cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Spin Squeezing by Rydberg Dressing in an Array of Atomic Ensembles
Creators: name: Hines, Jacob A.
name: Rajagopal, Shankari V.
name: Moreau, Gabriel L.
name: Wahrman, Michael D.
name: Lewis, Neomi A.
name: Marković, Ognjen
name: Schleier-Smith, Monika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the creation of an array of spin-squeezed ensembles of cesium atoms via Rydberg dressing, a technique that offers optical control over local interactions between neutral atoms. We optimize the coherence of the interactions by a stroboscopic dressing sequence that suppresses super-Poissonian loss. We thereby prepare squeezed states of $N=200$ atoms with a metrological squeezing parameter $ξ^2 = 0.77(9)$ quantifying the reduction in phase variance below the standard quantum limit. We realize metrological gain across three spatially separated ensembles in parallel, with the strength of squeezing controlled by the local intensity of the dressing light. Our method can be applied to enhance the precision of tests of fundamental physics based on arrays of atomic clocks and to enable quantum-enhanced imaging of electromagnetic fields.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures, typos corrected, edits for clarity
In Vitro Polarization of Colonoids to Create an Intestinal Stem Cell Compartment
Creators: name: Magness, Scott T.
name: Wang, Yuli
name: Ahmad, Asad A.
name: Allbritton, Nancy L.
name: Williamson, Ian
name: Sims, Christopher E.
name: Attayek, Peter J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The polarity of proliferative and differentiated cellular compartments of colonic crypts is believed to be specified by gradients of key mitogens and morphogens. Indirect evidence demonstrates a tight correlation between Wnt- pathway activity and the basal-luminal patterning; however, to date there has been no direct experimental manipulation demonstrating that a chemical gradient of signaling factors can produce similar patterning under controlled conditions. In the current work, colonic organoids (colonoids) derived from cultured, multicellular organoid fragments or single stem cells were exposed in culture to steep linear gradients of two Wnt-signaling ligands, Wnt-3a and R-spondin1. The use of a genetically engineered Sox9-Sox9EGFP:CAGDsRED reporter gene mouse model and EdU-based labeling enabled crypt patterning to be quantified in the developing colonoids. Colonoids derived from multicellular fragments cultured for 5 days under a Wnt-3a or a combined Wnt-3a and R-spondin1 gradient were highly polarized with proliferative cells localizing to the region of the higher morphogen concentration. In a Wnt-3a gradient, Sox9EGFP polarization was 7.3 times greater than that of colonoids cultured in the absence of a gradient; and the extent of EdU polarization was 2.2 times greater than that in the absence of a gradient. Under a Wnt-3a/R-spondin1 gradient, Sox9EGFP polarization was 8.2 times greater than that of colonoids cultured in the absence of a gradient while the extent of EdU polarization was 10 times greater than that in the absence of a gradient. Colonoids derived from single stem cells cultured in Wnt-3a/R-spondin1 gradients were most highly polarized demonstrated by a Sox9EGFP polarization 20 times that of colonoids grown in the absence of a gradient. This data provides direct evidence that a linear gradient of Wnt signaling factors applied to colonic stem cells is sufficient to direct patterning of the colonoid unit in culture.
Low-Latency, High-Throughput Garbage Collection (Extended Version)
Creators: name: Zhao, Wenyu
name: Blackburn, Stephen M.
name: McKinley, Kathryn S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.3.4

description: Production garbage collectors make substantial compromises in pursuit of reduced pause times. They require far more CPU cycles and memory than prior simpler collectors. concurrent copying collectors (C4, ZGC, and Shenandoah) suffer from the following design limitations. 1) Concurrent copying. They only reclaim memory by copying, which is inherently expensive with high memory bandwidth demands. Concurrent copying also requires expensive read and write barriers. 2) Scalability. They depend on tracing, which in the limit and in practice does not scale. 3) Immediacy. They do not reclaim older objects promptly, incurring high memory overheads. We present LXR, which takes a very different approach to optimizing responsiveness and throughput by minimizing concurrent collection work and overheads. 1) LXR reclaims most memory without any copying by using the Immix heap structure. It then combats fragmentation with limited judicious stop-the-world copying. 2) LXR uses reference counting to achieve both scalability and immediacy, promptly reclaiming young and old objects. It uses concurrent tracing as needed for identifying cyclic garbage. 3) To minimize pause times while allowing judicious copying of mature objects, LXR introduces remembered sets for reference counting and concurrent decrement processing. 4) LXR introduces a novel low-overhead write barrier that combines coalescing reference counting, concurrent tracing, and remembered set maintenance. The result is a collector with excellent responsiveness and throughput. On the widely-used Lucene search engine with a generously sized heap, LXR has 6x higher throughput while delivering 30x lower 99.9 percentile tail latency than the popular Shenandoah production collector in its default configuration.
description: 17 pages, 7 Figures. This extends the original publication with an LBO analysis (Section 5.5)
DeepZipper II: Searching for Lensed Supernovae in Dark Energy Survey Data with Deep Learning
Creators: name: Morgan, Robert
name: Nord, B.
name: Bechtol, K.
name: Möller, A.
name: Hartley, W. G.
name: Birrer, S.
name: González, S. J.
name: Martinez, M.
name: Gruendl, R. A.
name: Buckley-Geer, E. J.
name: Shajib, A. J.
name: Rosell, A. Carnero
name: Lidman, C.
name: Collett, T.
name: Abbott, T. M. C.
name: Aguena, M.
name: Andrade-Oliveira, F.
name: Annis, J.
name: Bacon, D.
name: Bocquet, S.
name: Brooks, D.
name: Burke, D. L.
name: Kind, M. Carrasco
name: Carretero, J.
name: Castander, F. J.
name: Conselice, C.
name: da Costa, L. N.
name: Costanzi, M.
name: De Vicente, J.
name: Desai, S.
name: Doel, P.
name: Everett, S.
name: Ferrero, I.
name: Flaugher, B.
name: Friedel, D.
name: Frieman, J.
name: García-Bellido, J.
name: Gaztanaga, E.
name: Gruen, D.
name: Gutierrez, G.
name: Hinton, S. R.
name: Hollowood, D. L.
name: Honscheid, K.
name: Kuehn, K.
name: Kuropatkin, N.
name: Lahav, O.
name: Lima, M.
name: Menanteau, F.
name: Miquel, R.
name: Palmese, A.
name: Paz-Chinchón, F.
name: Pereira, M. E. S.
name: Pieres, A.
name: Malagón, A. A. Plazas
name: Prat, J.
name: Rodriguez-Monroy, M.
name: Romer, A. K.
name: Roodman, A.
name: Sanchez, E.
name: Scarpine, V.
name: Sevilla-Noarbe, I.
name: Smith, M.
name: Suchyta, E.
name: Swanson, M. E. C.
name: Tarle, G.
name: Thomas, D.
name: Varga, T. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitationally lensed supernovae (LSNe) are important probes of cosmic expansion, but they remain rare and difficult to find. Current cosmic surveys likely contain and 5-10 LSNe in total while next-generation experiments are expected to contain several hundreds to a few thousands of these systems. We search for these systems in observed Dark Energy Survey (DES) 5-year SN fields -- 10 3-sq. deg. regions of sky imaged in the $griz$ bands approximately every six nights over five years. To perform the search, we utilize the DeepZipper approach: a multi-branch deep learning architecture trained on image-level simulations of LSNe that simultaneously learns spatial and temporal relationships from time series of images. We find that our method obtains a LSN recall of 61.13% and a false positive rate of 0.02% on the DES SN field data. DeepZipper selected 2,245 candidates from a magnitude-limited ($m_i$ $<$ 22.5) catalog of 3,459,186 systems. We employ human visual inspection to review systems selected by the network and find three candidate LSNe in the DES SN fields.
description: Accepted by ApJ
Additional file 4 of Effect of a soft exosuit on daily life gait performance in people with incomplete spinal cord injury: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Visch, L.
name: Groen, B. E.
name: Geurts, A. C. H.
name: van Nes, I. J. W.
name: Keijsers, N. L. W.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 4.
Indirect Reciprocity, Resource Sharing, and Environmental Risk: Evidence from Field Experiments in Siberia
Creators: name: Lance Howe,
name: Murphy, James J.
name: West, Colin Thor
name: Gerkey, Drew
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Integrating information from existing research, qualitative ethnographic interviews, and participant observation, we designed a field experiment that introduces idiosyncratic environmental risk and a voluntary sharing decision into a standard public goods game. Conducted with subsistence resource users in rural villages on the Kamchatka Peninsula in Northeast Siberia, we find evidence consistent with a model of indirect reciprocity and local social norms of helping the needy. When participants are allowed to develop reputations in the experiments, as is the case in most small-scale societies, we find that sharing is increasingly directed toward individuals experiencing hardship, good reputations increase aid, and the pooling of resources through voluntary sharing becomes more effective. We also find high levels of voluntary sharing without a strong commitment device; however, this form of cooperation does not increase contributions to the public good. Our results are consistent with previous experiments and theoretical models, suggesting strategic risks tied to rewards, punishments, and reputations are important. However, unlike studies that focus solely on strategic risks, we find the effects of rewards, punishments, and reputations are altered by the presence of environmental factors. Unexpected changes in resource abundance increase interdependence and may alter the costs and benefits of cooperation, relative to defection. We suggest environmental factors that increase interdependence are critically important to consider when developing and testing theories of cooperation
Complete orthogonality preservers between C$^*$-algebras
Creators: name: Garcés, Jorge J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce $n$-orthogonality (and completely orthogonality) preserving operators between C$^*$-algebras. Our main theorem states that every completely orthogonality preserving bounded linear mapping between C$^*$-algebras is a weighted TRO homomorphism. We also give several characterisations of TRO homomorphisms among triple homomorphisms.
Homological Stability for Spaces of Embedded Surfaces
Creators: name: Moran, Federico Cantero
name: Randal-Williams, Oscar
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2016

description: We study the space of oriented genus $\textit{g}$ subsurfaces of a fixed manifold $\textit{M}$, and in particular its homological properties. We construct a “scanning map” which compares this space to the space of sections of a certain fibre bundle over $\textit{M}$ associated to its tangent bundle, and show that this map induces an isomorphism on homology in a range of degrees. Our results are analogous to McDuff’s theorem on configuration spaces, extended from 0-dimensional submanifolds to 2-dimensional submanifolds.
description: F. Cantero Moran was funded through FPI Grant BES-2008-002642 and by Michael Weiss Humboldt professor grant. He was partially supported by project MTM2013-42178-P funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy. O. Randal-Williams was supported by ERC Advanced Grant No. 228082, the Danish National Research Foundation through the Centre for Symmetry and Deformation, and the Herchel Smith Fund.
description: This is the author accepted manuscript. It is currently under an indefinite embargo pending publication by Mathematical Sciences Publisher.
Correlated Optical Convolutional Neural Network with Quantum Speedup
Creators: name: Sun, Yifan
name: Li, Qian
name: Kong, Ling-Jun
name: Zhang, Xiangdong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Compared with electrical neural networks, optical neural networks (ONNs) have the potentials to break the limit of the bandwidth and reduce the consumption of energy, and therefore draw much attention in recent years. By far, several types of ONNs have been implemented. However, the current ONNs cannot realize the acceleration as powerful as that indicated by the models like quantum neural networks. How to construct and realize an ONN with the quantum speedup is a huge challenge. Here, we propose theoretically and demonstrate experimentally a new type of optical convolutional neural network by introducing the optical correlation. It is called the correlated optical convolutional neural network (COCNN). We show that the COCNN can exhibit quantum speedup in the training process. The character is verified from the two aspects. One is the direct illustration of the faster convergence by comparing the loss function curves of the COCNN with that of the traditional convolutional neural network (CNN). Such a result is compatible with the training performance of the recently proposed quantum convolutional neural network (QCNN). The other is the demonstration of the COCNNs capability to perform the QCNN phase recognition circuit, validating the connection between the COCNN and the QCNN. Furthermore, we take the COCNN analog to the 3-qubit QCNN phase recognition circuit as an example and perform an experiment to show the soundness and the feasibility of it. The results perfectly match the theoretical calculations. Our proposal opens up a new avenue for realizing the ONNs with the quantum speedup, which will benefit the information processing in the era of big data.
Shear-layer dynamics at the interface of parallel Couette flows
Creators: name: Kalluri, Manohar Teja
name: Narasimhamurthy, Vagesh D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article aims to make a detailed analysis of co-flowing plane Couette flows. Particularly, the variation of flow quantities from the turbulent to non-turbulent region is studied. While the enstrophy exhibits a sharp jump, the other quantities (e.g., mean velocity, Reynolds normal stress, and kinetic energy) show a continuous variation across the interface. The budget analysis of Reynolds normal stresses reveals that the terms playing a key role in turbulence transportation vary depending on the Reynolds normal stress under study. The terms production, diffusion, and redistribution play an important role in streamwise Reynolds stress ðu0u0 Þ. In the spanwise Reynolds stress ðv0v0 Þ, the diffusion terms play a significant role. In the wall-normal Reynolds stress ðw0w0 Þ, only the redistribution term is significant. The influence of one flow over another in the co-flow state was observed through the additional mean velocity and Reynolds normal stress found in the system compared to a standard plane Couette flow (pCf). Comparing the co-flow system with a conventional pCf system, the former exhibits greater vorticity, vortex stretching, and kinetic energy. A detailed analysis on the geometry and topology of flow structures was studied using flow invariants.
description: 17 PAGES, 21 FIGURES
The noncommutative quantum Hall effect with anomalous magnetic moment in three different relativistic scenarios
Creators: name: Oliveira, R. R. S.
name: Alencar, G.
name: Landim, R. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present paper, we investigate the bound-state solutions of the noncommutative quantum Hall effect (NCQHE) with anomalous magnetic moment (AMM) in three different relativistic scenarios, namely: the Minkowski spacetime (inertial flat case), the spinning cosmic string (CS) spacetime (inertial curved case), and the spinning CS spacetime with noninertial effects (noninertial curved case). In particular, in the first two scenarios, we have an inertial frame, while in the third, we have a rotating frame. With respect to bound-state solutions, we focus primarily on eigenfunctions (Dirac spinor and wave function) and on energy eigenvalues (Landau levels), where we use the flat and curved Dirac equation in polar coordinates to reach such solutions. However, unlike the literature, here we consider a CS with an angular momentum non-null and also the NC of the positions, and therefore, we seek a more general description for the QHE. Once the solutions are obtained, we discuss the influence of all parameters and physical quantities on relativistic energy levels. Finally, we analyze the nonrelativistic limit, and we also compared our problem with other works, where we verified that our results generalize some particular cases of the literature.
description: 54 pages, 11 figures
BEBO-MATH Beobachtungsbogen Mathematik. Entwicklung eines Instruments zur Erfassung des Lernstandes und zur Förderplanung in den mathematischen Bereichen "Ziffern & Zahlen" und "Addition & Subtraktion" für die Arbeit mit dem Lehrmittel Mathematik 1 – 4 des Kantons Zürich. Theoretische Grundlage und Evaluation
Creators: name: Casanova Martin, Michela
name: Rebord, Aurélie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Sonderpädagogik
Mathematik
Schulleistungsmessung
Masterarbeit

description: Aufbauend auf den aktuellsten Erkenntnissen des Zahlerwerbs und der Theorie der Aneignungsniveaus wurde im Rahmen dieser Masterarbeit ein dreidimensionales Modell entworfen, welches ausgehend vom individuellen Lernstand, Fördermöglichkeiten in drei Richtungen aufzeigt. Dieses bildet die Grundlage für das hier entwickelte Instrument (BeboMath & BeboBüchlein), mit welchem auf übersichtliche Weise der Lernstand im Fach Mathematik in den Bereichen „Zahlen & Ziffern“ und „Addition & Subtraktion“ festgehalten und ein nächstmögliches Förderziel abgelesen werden kann. Es ist stufenübergreifend und in verschiedenen Settings einsetzbar. Dieses Instrument stützt sich einerseits auf das offizielle Lehrmittel des Kantons Zürich und andererseits auf den für die heilpädagogische Praxis relevanten Basisstoff. In einer ersten Evaluation wurde es als theoretisch fundiert und praxistauglich befunden.
Exact cosmological solutions for MOG
Creators: name: Roshan, Mahmood
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find some new exact cosmological solutions for the covariant scalar-tensor-vector gravity theory, the so-called MOdified Gravity (MOG). The exact solution of the vacuum field equations has been derived. Also, for non vacuum cases we have found some exact solutions with the aid of the Noether symmetry approach. More specifically, the symmetry vector and also the Noether conserved quantity associated to the point-like Lagrangian of the theory have been found. Also we find the exact form of the generic vector field potential of this theory by considering the behavior of the relevant point-like Lagrangian under the infinitesimal generator of the Noether symmetry. Finally, we discuss the cosmological implications of the solutions.
description: 8 pages, to appear in European Physical Journal C
Adocus lineolatus Cope 1875
Creators: name: Lambe L., M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1902
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Testudines
Adocidae
Adocus
Adocus lineolatus

description: Adocus (?) lineolatus, Cope. 1875. Report U. S. Geol. Survey Terrs., vol. ii. Vertebrata of Cretaceous Formations of the West, p. 92, pi. vi, figs. 11 and 12. This species, readily recognized by its neat aud characteristic sculpture, is represented by two well i^reserved fragments, one, part of the right hyoplastral, the other, from the margin of the carapace in advance of the right axillary notch. The sculpture has the appearance of that of Adocus variolosus, in miniature, with the roughness worn down. Belly River series, Red Deer river, 1901.
description: Published as part of Lambe L. M., 1902, New genera and species from the Belly River Series (mid-Cretaceous), pp. 25-81 in Geological Survey of Canada Contributions to Canadian Palaeontology 3 on page 38, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3233762
Influence of Different Levels of Lipoic Acid Synthase Gene Expression on Diabetic Nephropathy
Creators: name: Maeda, Nobuyo
name: Hiller, Sylvia
name: James, Leighton R.
name: Xu, Longquan
name: Yi, Xianwen
name: Nickeleit, Volker
name: Simington, Stephen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy (DN) but outcomes of many clinical trials are controversial. To define the role of antioxidants in kidney protection during the development of diabetic nephropathy, we have generated a novel genetic antioxidant mouse model with over- or under-expression of lipoic acid synthase gene (Lias). These models have been mated with Ins2Akita/+ mice, a type I diabetic mouse model. We compare the major pathologic changes and oxidative stress status in two new strains of the mice with controls. Our results show that Ins2Akita/+ mice with under-expressed Lias gene, exhibit higher oxidative stress and more severe DN features (albuminuria, glomerular basement membrane thickening and mesangial matrix expansion). In contrast, Ins2Akita/+ mice with highly-expressed Lias gene display lower oxidative stress and less DN pathologic changes. Our study demonstrates that strengthening endogenous antioxidant capacity could be an effective strategy for prevention and treatment of DN.
Scale-invariant gauge theories of gravity: theoretical foundations
Creators: name: Lasenby, Anthony
name: Hobson, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the construction of gauge theories of gravity, focussing in particular on the extension of local Poincaré invariance to include invariance under local changes of scale. We work exclusively in terms of finite transformations, which allow for a more transparent interpretation of such theories in terms of gauge fields in Minkowski spacetime. Our approach therefore differs from the usual geometrical description of locally scale-invariant Poincaré gauge theory (PGT) and Weyl gauge theory (WGT) in terms of Riemann--Cartan and Weyl--Cartan spacetimes, respectively. In particular, we reconsider the interpretation of the Einstein gauge and also the equations of motion of matter fields and test particles in these theories. Inspired by the observation that the PGT and WGT matter actions for the Dirac field and electromagnetic field have more general invariance properties than those imposed by construction, we go on to present a novel alternative to WGT by considering an `extended' form for the transformation law of the rotational gauge field under local dilations, which includes its `normal' transformation law in WGT as a special case. The resulting `extended' Weyl gauge theory (eWGT) has a number of interesting features that we describe in detail. In particular, we present a new scale-invariant gauge theory of gravity that accommodates ordinary matter and is defined by the most general parity-invariant eWGT Lagrangian that is at most quadratic in the eWGT field strengths, and we derive its field equations. We also consider the construction of PGTs that are invariant under local dilations assuming either the `normal' or `extended' transformation law for the rotational gauge field, but show that they are special cases of WGT and eWGT, respectively.
description: 57 pages, 0 figures, 1 table
Short- and long-term variability of young stars in the Orion Nebula Cluster and Molecular Cloud
Creators: name: Rivilla, V. M.
name: Chandler, C. J.
name: Sanz-Forcada, J.
name: Jiménez-Serra, I.
name: Forbrich, J.
name: Martín-Pintado, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We used the Very Large Array to carry out a multi-epoch radio continuum monitoring of the Orion Nebula Cluster and Orion Molecular Cloud. Our observations reveal the presence of 19 sources. With the exception of the sources BN and C the sources show variability between the different epochs. We have found tentative evidence of variability in the massive object related with source I. Our observations also confirm radio flux density variations of a factor >2 on timescales of hours to days in 5 sources. One of these flaring sources, OHC-E, has been detected for the first time. We conclude that the radio emission arises from: i) highly-variable non-thermal gyrosynchrotron emission produced by electrons accelerated in the magnetospheres of pre-main sequence stars; ii) thermal emission from ionized gas and/or heated dust around massive objects and proplyds. Combining our sample with other radio monitoring and a X-ray catalog, we have studied the properties of 51 radio/X-ray stars. We have found severals hints of a direct relation between the X-ray activity and the mechanisms responsible for (at least some fraction of) the radio emission. We have estimated a radio flaring rate of 0.14 flares day-1 in the densest stellar cluster of the region, suggesting that radio flares from young stars are more common events than previously thought.
description: 20 pages, 18 figures. Accepted in The Astrophysical Journal
Non-Invertible Higher-Categorical Symmetries
Creators: name: Bhardwaj, Lakshya
name: Bottini, Lea E.
name: Schafer-Nameki, Sakura
name: Tiwari, Apoorv
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We sketch a procedure to capture general non-invertible symmetries of a d-dimensional quantum field theory in the data of a higher-category, which captures the local properties of topological defects associated to the symmetries. We also discuss fusions of topological defects, which involve condensations/gaugings of higher-categorical symmetries localized on the worldvolumes of topological defects. Recently some fusions of topological defects were discussed in the literature where the dimension of topological defects seems to jump under fusion. This is not possible in the standard description of higher-categories. We explain that the dimension-changing fusions are understood as higher-morphisms of the higher-category describing the symmetry. We also discuss how a 0-form sub-symmetry of a higher-categorical symmetry can be gauged and describe the higher-categorical symmetry of the theory obtained after gauging. This provides a procedure for constructing non-invertible higher-categorical symmetries starting from invertible higher-form or higher-group symmetries and gauging a 0-form symmetry. We illustrate this procedure by constructing non-invertible 2-categorical symmetries in 4d gauge theories and non-invertible 3-categorical symmetries in 5d and 6d theories. We check some of the results obtained using our approach against the results obtained using a recently proposed approach based on 't Hooft anomalies.
description: 104 pages. v2: Removed the distinction between local and global fusion to improve clarity. Added more details on the computation of fusion rules. v3: Minor improvements
Mid-infrared spectrally-pure single-photon states generation from 22 nonlinear optical crystals
Creators: name: Cai, Wu-Hao
name: Tian, Ying
name: Jin, Rui-Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate the preparation of pure-state single-photon source from 14 birefringent crystals (CMTC, THI, LiIO$_3$, AAS, HGS, CGA, TAS, AGS, AGSe, GaSe, LIS, LISe, LGS, and LGSe) and 8 periodic poling crystals (LT, LN, KTP, KN, BaTiO$_3$, MgBaF$_4$, PMN-0.38PT, and OP-ZnSe) in a wavelength range from 1224 nm to 11650 nm. The three kinds of group-velocity-matching (GVM) conditions, the phase matching conditions, the spectral purity, and the Hong-Ou-Mandel interference are calculated for each crystal. This study may provide high-quality single-photon sources for quantum sensing, quantum imaging, and quantum communication applications at the mid-infrared wavelength range.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Sharing geo-information for humanitarian response and disaster management.
Creators: name: Bæhr, Ivan
Publisher: name: Geoforum Perspektiv
Year: 2016

description: Timely and reliable information is essential in emergencies and disaster management. When disaster strikes - may it be natural disasters, technical disaster or conflicts – it is critical to know where, when and what happens – how many people are affected, extent of affected area, damage extent and location of available resources. Sharing geographical information through web solutions may speed up communication and facilitate coordination in a complex environment often with many different players involved and in rapid changing settings. Build on the experience of the author from the field of humanitarian response over the past 25 years the article gives an overview of the development of geo-information for humanitarian response over this period.
description: Geoforum Perspektiv, Vol 14 No 26 (2015): Special issue on this year´s GI-conference, Kortdage
Additional file 2 of Effect of a soft exosuit on daily life gait performance in people with incomplete spinal cord injury: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Visch, L.
name: Groen, B. E.
name: Geurts, A. C. H.
name: van Nes, I. J. W.
name: Keijsers, N. L. W.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 2.
Maps for Copenhagen
Creators: name: Horn, Maj
name: Rom, Signe
Publisher: name: Geoforum Perspektiv
Year: 2016

description: Kort intro: I denne artikel introduceres Maps for Copenhagen, et socialt funderet kunstprojekt og en alternativ guidebog til København der tematiserer byrum, kortlægning og det at være asylansøger i Danmark. Artiklen er bygget op omkring spørgsmål stillet af personer, som på forskellig vis har været en del af projektet. Igennem svar på disse behandles centrale aspekter af det at arbejde kunstnerisk med et politisk emne som asylpolitik, om kunstens mulighed for at komme med funktionelle interventioner i svære problemstillinger, om det performative i kortlægning og om de interesser og historier der kommer til syne igennem en alternativ guidebog til København.
description: Geoforum Perspektiv, Vol 15 No 27 (2016): Performative maps
Precise predictions for V+2 jet backgrounds in searches for invisible Higgs decays
Creators: name: Lindert, Jonas M.
name: Pozzorini, Stefano
name: Schönherr, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present next-to-leading order QCD and electroweak (EW) theory predictions for $V+2\,$jet production, with $V=Z,W^{\pm}$, considering both the QCD and EW production modes and their interference. We focus on phase-space regions where $V+2\,$jet production is dominated by vector-boson fusion, and where these processes yield the dominant irreducible backgrounds in searches for invisible Higgs boson decays. Predictions at parton level are provided together with detailed prescriptions for their implementation in experimental analyses based on the reweighting of Monte Carlo samples. The key idea is that, exploiting accurate data for $W+2\,$jet production in combination with a theory-driven extrapolation to the $Z+2\,$jet process can lead to a determination of the irreducible background at the few-percent level. Particular attention is devoted to the estimate of the residual theoretical uncertainties due to unknown higher-order QCD and EW effects and their correlation between the different $V+2\,$jet processes, which is key to improve the sensitivity to invisible Higgs decays.
description: 26 pages, 16 Figures
SIMCor. Deliverable 7.5 - Uncertainty quantification and re-definition of input space (TUE, M18)
Creators: name: Huberts, Wouter
name: Stiehm, Michael
name: Borowsky, Finja
name: Oldeburg, Jan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: This deliverable demonstrates how the sensitivity analyses described in D7.4 - Sensitivity and uncertainty quantification toolbox (TUE, M15) can be used to re-define the input space. Three possible objectives regarding input space re-definition are considered: 1) reducing the number of parameters that span the input space (i.e., dimensionality reduction by parameter fixing) to facilitate amongst other physiological model development and future model output uncertainty quantification; 2) reducing the input uncertainty domains of the model parameters, boundary conditions and/or model assumptions that will lead to the most significant reduction in model output uncertainty (parameter prioritisation); 3) defining the regions of the input space that result in parameter sets that lead to physiologically realistic realisations of the virtual cohort generator.
 This deliverable starts with a summary of the most important definitions and background of the uncertainty and sensitivity analyses discussed in D7.4. Thereafter, we will show how these sensitivity analysis techniques are applied to address the three different objectives above. In this deliverable three models, possible candidates for virtual cohort generation of the SIMCor use cases (i.e., aortic valve stenosis and heart failure patients), are selected as typical examples. Finally, the future steps towards virtual cohort generation and validation are discussed.
description: SIMCor (In-Silico testing and validation of Cardiovascular IMplantable devices) has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 101017578.
Insulin Receptor Substrate Adaptor Proteins Mediate Prognostic Gene Expression Profiles in Breast Cancer
Creators: name: Yee, Douglas
name: Sarver, Aaron L.
name: Ibrahim, Yasir H.
name: Byron, Sara A.
name: Lee, Adrian V.
name: Perou, Charles M.
name: Shaw, Leslie M.
name: Oh, Annabell S.
name: Fagan, Dedra H.
name: Becker, Marc A.
name: Fan, Cheng
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Therapies targeting the type I insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) have not been developed with predictive biomarkers to identify tumors with receptor activation. We have previously shown that the insulin receptor substrate (IRS) adaptor proteins are necessary for linking IGF1R to downstream signaling pathways and the malignant phenotype in breast cancer cells. The purpose of this study was to identify gene expression profiles downstream of IGF1R and its two adaptor proteins. IRS-null breast cancer cells (T47D-YA) were engineered to express IRS-1 or IRS-2 alone and their ability to mediate IGF ligand-induced proliferation, motility, and gene expression determined. Global gene expression signatures reflecting IRS adaptor specific and primary vs. secondary ligand response were derived (Early IRS-1, Late IRS-1, Early IRS-2 and Late IRS-2) and functional pathway analysis examined. IRS isoforms mediated distinct gene expression profiles, functional pathways, and breast cancer subtype association. For example, IRS-1/2-induced TGFb2 expression and blockade of TGFb2 abrogated IGF-induced cell migration. In addition, the prognostic value of IRS proteins was significant in the luminal B breast tumor subtype. Univariate and multivariate analyses confirmed that IRS adaptor signatures correlated with poor outcome as measured by recurrence-free and overall survival. Thus, IRS adaptor protein expression is required for IGF ligand responses in breast cancer cells. IRS-specific gene signatures represent accurate surrogates of IGF activity and could predict response to anti-IGF therapy in breast cancer.
Microscopic study of the Josephson supercurrent diode effect in Josephson junctions based on two-dimensional electron gas
Creators: name: Costa, Andreas
name: Fabian, Jaroslav
name: Kochan, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconducting systems that simultaneously lack space-inversion and time-reversal symmetries have recently been the subject of a flurry of experimental and theoretical research activities. Their ability to carry supercurrents with magnitudes depending on the polarity (current direction) - termed supercurrent diode effect - might be practically exploited to design dissipationless counterparts of contemporary semiconductor-based diodes. Magnetic Josephson junctions realized in the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) within a narrow quantum well through proximity to conventional superconductors perhaps belong to the most striking and versatile platforms for such supercurrent rectifiers. Starting from the Bogoliubov-de Gennes approach, we provide a minimal theoretical model to explore the impact of the spin-orbit coupling and magnetic exchange inside the 2DEG on the Andreev bound states and Josephson current-phase relations. Assuming realistic junction parameters, we evaluate the polarity-dependent critical currents to quantify the efficiency of these Josephson junctions as supercurrent diodes, and discuss the tunability of the Josephson supercurrent diode effect in terms of spin-orbit coupling, magnetic exchange, and transparency of the nonsuperconducting weak link. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the junctions might undergo current-reversing $ 0 $-$ π$-like phase transitions at large enough magnetic exchange, which appear as sharp peaks followed by a sudden suppression in the supercurrent-diode-effect efficiency. The characteristics of the Josephson supercurrent diode effect obtained from our model convincingly reproduce many unique features observed in recent experiments, validating its robustness and suitability for further studies.
description: 12+2 pages, 9 figures
The life and influence of the 1925th Chicagomap
Creators: name: Jensen, Hanne Louise
name: Jørgensen, Anja
Publisher: name: Geoforum Perspektiv
Year: 2016

description: Abstract This article traces the life and influence of the 1925th Chicagomap produced by Ernest Watson Burgess. The map was produced as part of the work of the Chicago school of Sociology evolving around identifying and decoding the various types of local communities and identifying zones characterized by less attachment and community. Once produced the 1925th Chicagomap and the thoughts behind it gets a life of their own. This article examine how the map and the thoughts behind it occur in different geographical contexts, amongst various urban scholars and in newer research regarding the relation between local attachment and residential location, and the article concludes that the performativity of the map is very potent as it works by inspiring and supporting new maps as well as being a partner in conflicting dialog.
description: Geoforum Perspektiv, Vol 15 No 27 (2016): Performative maps
The language of opinion change on social media under the lens of communicative action
Creators: name: Monti, Corrado
name: Aiello, Luca Maria
name: Morales, Gianmarco De Francisci
name: Bonchi, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: H.4.0; K.4.0

description: Which messages are more effective at inducing a change of opinion in the listener? We approach this question within the frame of Habermas' theory of communicative action, which posits that the illocutionary intent of the message (its pragmatic meaning) is the key. Thanks to recent advances in natural language processing, we are able to operationalize this theory by extracting the latent social dimensions of a message, namely archetypes of social intent of language, that come from social exchange theory. We identify key ingredients to opinion change by looking at more than 46k posts and more than 3.5M comments on Reddit's r/ChangeMyView, a debate forum where people try to change each other's opinion and explicitly mark opinion-changing comments with a special flag called "delta". Comments that express no intent are about 77% less likely to change the mind of the recipient, compared to comments that convey at least one social dimension. Among the various social dimensions, the ones that are most likely to produce an opinion change are knowledge, similarity, and trust, which resonates with Habermas' theory of communicative action. We also find other new important dimensions, such as appeals to power or empathetic expressions of support. Finally, in line with theories of constructive conflict, yet contrary to the popular characterization of conflict as the bane of modern social media, our findings show that voicing conflict in the context of a structured public debate can promote integration, especially when it is used to counter another conflictive stance. By leveraging recent advances in natural language processing, our work provides an empirical framework for Habermas' theory, finds concrete examples of its effects in the wild, and suggests its possible extension with a more faceted understanding of intent interpreted as social dimensions of language.
description: Main paper: 13 pages, 1 figure, 3 tables. Supplementary material: 9 pages, 6 figures, 8 tables
Sarkisov links from toric weighted blowups of $\mathbb{P}^3$ and $\mathbb{P}^4$ at a point
Creators: name: Guerreiro, Tiago Duarte
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study Sarkisov links initiated by the toric weighted blowup of a point in $\mathbb{P}^3$ or $\mathbb{P}^4$ using variation of GIT. We completely classify which of these initiate Sarkisov links and describe the links explicitly. Moreover, if $X$ is the toric weighted blowup of $\mathbb{P}^d$ at a point, we give a simple criterion in terms of the weights of the blowup that characterises when $X$ is weak Fano.
description: 21 pp., Comments are welcome
Mapping Divided Cities and their Separation Walls: Case Studies from Berlin and Jerusalem
Creators: name: Leuenberger, Christine
Publisher: name: Geoforum Perspektiv
Year: 2016

description: This project compares two Separation Barriers and their urban landscape, in two very different cultural contexts: in the cities of Jerusalem and Berlin. The focus is on how different mapmakers cartographically represent both physical divisions - such as walls and barriers, as well as imaginary divides - such as geopolitical or socio-ethnic divisions in divided cities. Jerusalem and Berlin are particularly powerful symbols of political partition as the Berlin Wall split the city of Berlin for over 26 years and Jerusalem remains a divided city to this day. In particular this paper addresses such questions as: how do map-makers across the divides use representational strategies of inclusion or exclusion, mapping and naming to either unify or split divided cities and claim or expunge urban spaces? How do they cartographically represent, visualize or erase geopolitical walls and barriers? Also how has the rise of political tourism affected the visibility of geopolitical walls and barriers in maps and on the ground? By addressing these questions, this paper traces the changing politics of the visibility or relative invisibility of walls and the cityscapes they divide at any given time and place.
description: Geoforum Perspektiv, Vol 15 No 27 (2016): Performative maps
XUV ionization of the H$_2$ molecule studied with attosecond angular streaking
Creators: name: Serov, Vladislav V.
name: Kheifets, Anatoli S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study orientation and two-center interference effects in attosecond time-resolved photoionization of the H$_2$ molecule. Time resolution of XUV ionization of H$_2$ is gained through the phase retrieval capability of attosecond angular streaking demonstrated earlier by Kheifets {\em et al} [arXiv:2202.06147 (2022)]. Once applied to H$_2$, this technique delivers an anisotropic phase and time delay which both depend sensitively on the molecular axis orientation. In addition, the photoelectron momentum distribution displays a very clear two-center interference pattern. When the interference formula due to Walter and Briggs [J. Phys. B {\bf 32} 2487 (1999)] is applied, an effective photoelectron momentum appears to be greater than the asymptotic momentum at the detector. This effect is explained by a molecular potential well surrounding the photoemission center.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2202.06147
An Operational Map of the Polish Coastal Front 1970
Creators: name: Nielsen, Thomas Theis
name: Svenningsen, Stig Roar
name: Tinning, Morten
name: Clemmesen, Michael Hesselholt
Publisher: name: Geoforum Perspektiv
Year: 2016

description: The map of the Operational Plan for the Coastal Front, from Poland 1970 forms the basis for this paper. The map portraits the blueprint of the combined operational war plans for the Polish military in the late 1960’s and 70’s. It details the offensive against NATO countries and their forces in Northern Europe. As such, this map is clearly designed as an operational map produced to outline and regulate, not just the actual plan of the offensive, but also to produce a narrative about the Polish army as capable of undertaking such a massive enterprise. We argue, with a point of departure in this particular map, that the regional, operational scale of military maps can be understood as performative maps, outlining not just plans and structuring space, but often also narratives.
description: Geoforum Perspektiv, Vol 15 No 27 (2016): Performative maps