cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
ROUGHNESS, WEAR AND THERMAL ANALYSIS OF UHMWPE NANOCOMPOSITES ASACETABULAR CUP IN HIP JOINT REPLACEMENT
Creators: name: Oleiwi, Jawad K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90301 Biomaterials
subject: FOS: Medical engineering
subject: 91202 Composite and Hybrid Materials
subject: FOS: Materials engineering
subject: 91299 Materials Engineering not elsewhere classified

description: Reinforcement UHMWPE by nano additives represented by carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and nanohydroxyapatite(nHA) with four weight fractions (1, 2, 3 and 5%) has a vital role to the improvement of surface roughness and wearresistance of produced nanocomposites. A surface roughness of new nanocomposites was decreased with an increasing weight fraction of each additive especially with CNTs due to the larger surface area of this nanofiller compared with nHA particles that achieve lower area.The results of wear rate indicated the reduction in this rate with reinforcing and this reduction increases with an increasing weight fraction of each additive especially with nHA due to the better filling of the voids by HA particlescompared with CNTs that have a hollow structure and may be left some holes in the bulk composite.The calculated volumetric rate also gave the same results as in weight loss as a function to the weight fraction of additives. The density was increased for prepared nanocomposites due to filling the pores compared with pure UHMWPE which has many holes filled by air. The increasing in density for UHMWPE /nHA composites was higher than UHMWPE /CNTs composites due to the good filling of the pores. Thermal analysis was done for prepared nanocomposites and the results gave rising in melting and crystallinity temperature for composites compared with pure UHMWPE.
Psychometric and Machine Learning Approaches to Reduce the Length of Scales
Creators: name: Gonzalez, Oscar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Brief measures are important in psychology research because they reduce participant burden. Researchers can select items from longer measures either to build a short-form or to administer items conditional on a participant’s previous responses. Researchers who carry out these item selection strategies either focus on estimating a precise score on the measure (typically carried out in a psychometric approach) or on predicting the score on the measure (possibly taking a machine learning approach). However, it is unclear how scores from the psychometric and machine learning approaches compare to each other. In this paper, the following four statistical approaches to select items are reviewed and illustrated: item response theory to build static short-forms, computerized adaptive testing, the genetic algorithm, and regression trees. Theoretical strengths and weaknesses between these four statistical approaches are discussed, and the overlap between the areas of psychometrics and machine learning is considered.
Symplectic evolution of Wigner functions in markovian open systems
Creators: name: Brodier, O.
name: de Almeida, A. M. Ozorio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Wigner function is known to evolve classically under the exclusive action of a quadratic hamiltonian. If the system does interact with the environment through Lindblad operators that are linear functions of position and momentum, we show that the general evolution is the convolution of the classically evolving Wigner function with a phase space gaussian that broadens in time. We analyze the three generic cases of elliptic, hyperbolic and parabolic Hamiltonians. The Wigner function always becomes positive in a definite time, which is shortest in the hyperbolic case. We also derive an exact formula for the evolving linear entropy as the average of a narrowing gaussian taken over a probability distribution that depends only on the initial state. This leads to a long time asymptotic formula for the growth of linear entropy.
description: this new version treats the dissipative case
The effect of bin order on waste sorting behaviour
Creators: name: Quemado, Diego
name: Chang, Ching Hsuan Jason
name: Tang, Julian
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: To test how the order of bins at waste disposal stations impacts sorting behaviour, 180 participants were observed disposing waste at a restaurant in three conditions of different bin orders, with 60 participants in each condition. The first condition had the bin order of: Compost, Garbage, and Recycle. The second condition had the bin order of: Garbage, Compost, and Recycle. The third condition had the bin order: Recycle, Compost, and Garbage. Waste sorting accuracy was measured as the percentage of the total number of items that each participant sorted into the correct bins, recorded independently by three observers. The means of the three conditions were 60.43% for condition 1, 66.50% for condition 2, and 59.76% for condition 3. Inter-rater reliability was high, with 81% of data collected in agreement. A one-way ANOVA was used to find any significant differences between the three means and independent samples t-tests were used to find any significant differences between any two conditions. All statistical tests found no significant differences, suggesting that the position of the garbage bin at waste disposal stations does not matter, and that future studies are needed to further explore the impact of bin order on waste sorting behaviour. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Increased incidence of spontaneous abortions on exposure to cadmium and lead: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Kaur, Mandeep
name: Sharma, Priya
name: Kaur, Rajinder
name: Khetarpal, Preeti
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Spontaneous abortions are the most severe complication of early pregnancy and are a major reproductive health problem. Although this could be caused due to various cytogenetic, immunological, or endocrinological reasons, role of environmental toxicants cannot be ruled out. In order to explore the role of cadmium and lead in causing spontaneous abortions, current systematic review and meta-analysis had been carried out. Literature search was performed using appropriate keywords in PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases up to December 25 2020 according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines (PRISMA). Metananalysis was carried out with the help of RevMan software (version 5.3). Meta-analysis of nine studies on cadmium concentrations in blood of women with at least one spontaneous abortions and controls revealed standardized mean difference (SMD)=3.39, 95% CI (2.17, 4.61), with p p Populations exposed to heavy metals such as cadmium and lead are at higher risk of pregnancy loss. Therefore, couples experiencing repeated pregnancy losses may be screened for heavy metal load.
title: Transport and suburban development in Battersea, Wandsworth, & Putney - 1830 to 1914
Creators: name: Smith, John Ernest
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1987

description: Between 1830 and 1914 London grew dramatically both in population and extent; the same period a system of public transport was established that brought speedy travel within the reach of the majority of the population. In this period the parishes of Battersea, Wandsworth and Putney, which lie south-west from Westminster on the south bank of the Thames, became an integral part of the metropolis, and they shared in all the technological improvements in transport that took place at this time. The massive suburban development of the nineteenth century was not mainly the result of improved travel facilities rather such facilities were only provided when prior house building had created a large body of potential passengers. Most of the railways opened in this period were built as part of main lines whose principal business was from freight or from long distance passengers. Even when a line was promoted to encourage house building, the houses were not built until land closer to London was used up. Of the other forms of transport the horse omnibus was restricted to a middle-class clientele by high fares, and the river steamers, although cheap, were of only limited value because of the seasonal nature of the service. The need to generate profits confined the horse-drawn tramcars to areas already well stocked with houses, and the efforts of the L.C.C. to push the electrified tram: ways into undeveloped localities was hampered by middle-class opposition. Although improvements in transport assisted in the process of urban development, they were not its prime cause. The timing and nature of urban growth were influenced by many factors which vary in importance from estate to estate; these factors included the pattern of landownership and the nature of local tenures, the policies of landowners and the course of the national and metropolitan building cycles. The ultimate character of the suburbs was controlled by fundamental influences such as the type of development that had already occurred in adjacent, older parts of the city, and by the local topography, especially by the height of land above sea level.
COMPRESSION AND HARDNESS WITH FTIR CHARACTERIZATION OF UHMWPE NANOCOMPOSITES AS ACETABULAR CUP IN HIP JOINT REPLACEMENT
Creators: name: Oleiwi, Jawad K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90301 Biomaterials
subject: FOS: Medical engineering
subject: 91202 Composite and Hybrid Materials
subject: FOS: Materials engineering
subject: 91299 Materials Engineering not elsewhere classified

description: Eight nano composites were prepared to use as an acetabular cup for hip joint implantation with a matrix ofUHMWPE and nano-reinforcements include carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and nano hydroxyapatite (nHA) by adding four weight fractions involve (1, 2, 3 and 5%wt) of each material. FTIR spectra were used to identify the incorporation between the matrix and nano fillers and the shifting in main peaks confirmed the good cross linking that occurs within the composites structure. Compression and hardness for prepared nanocomposites were investigated. The compressive strength was increased to get the highest values for UHMWPE/3%nHA followed by HUMWPE 3% CNTs composite due to nature of hydroxyapatite particles to fill the voids compared with the structure of nanotubes. The improving of hardness also observed at 3% of nanoadditives, but UHMWPE/3%CNTs composite has a hardness higher than HUMWPE/3% nHA because of the structure of tubes that act as fibers to get hard material compared with reinforcing by particles of HA.
SCORES ON READING, MATHEMATICS AND ENGLISH PLACEMENT TESTS AS PREDICTORS OF FRESHMAN ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT AT SELECTED MARYLAND POSTSECONDARY INSTITUTIONS (REGRESSION ANALYSIS, MULTIPLE, COLLEGE, CORRELATION STUDY)
Creators: name: Brooks, Marcellina Marie
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education
classificationCode: 3904
subject: Specialist studies in education

description: The purpose of this study was to determine the relative influence of six variables (overall high school grade-point average, Scholastic Aptitude Test verbal and mathematics scores, and scores on reading, mathematics and English placement tests) individually and in combination, in predicting the academic achievement of freshmen at selected Maryland postsecondary institutions. Inferences were drawn from the findings of this study regarding the feasibility of using placement test scores as indicators of students' academic achievement. The analysis sample for the study consisted of 1,307 first-time, full-time freshmen who entered one of the five state colleges and universities in Maryland in the fall semester of 1980, 1981, or 1982. The method of research used was ex post facto predicting measurements of academic achievement from students' high school grade-point averages and standardized test scores. Stepwise regression analysis was used to measure six predictor variables against the criterion, first-year college grade-point average. Study findings indicated freshman student academic achievement for the study sample students can be predicted to .42 by using the high school grade-point average, Scholastic Aptitude Test scores and placement test results. These variables correlated positively with first-year college grade-point average. Combination of two or more variables increased the accuracy of predicting college achievement beyond that obtained by any single variable (.32). A prediction equation was determined for each institution and for the five study institutions in aggregate. High school grade-point average was found to be the single most important variable in prediction of first-year college grade-point average for study sample students. The combination of high school grade-point average, Scholastic Aptitude Test-Mathematics score along with Test of Standard Written English score strengthens such prediction by .10 to a total multiple correlation of .42. The Nelson-Denny Reading Test and the California Achievement Test in Mathematics were ineffective predictors of college academic achievement for study sample students at each institution and at the sample institutions in aggregate. Therefore, the investigator questions continued use of these two tests for placement of freshman students in courses at selected postsecondary institutions in Maryland.
The Bimodal Distribution in Exoplanet Radii: Considering Varying Core Compositions and $\rm H_{2}$ Envelope's Sizes
Creators: name: Modirrousta-Galian, Darius
name: Locci, Daniele
name: Micela, Giuseppina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several models have been introduced in order to explain the radius distribution in exoplanet radii observed by Fulton et al. (2017) with one peak at $\rm \sim 1.3 R_{\oplus} $ the other at $\rm \sim 2.4 R_{\oplus} $ and the minimum at $\rm \sim 1.75R_{\oplus} $. In this paper we focus on the hypothesis that the exoplanet size distribution is caused by stellar XUV-induced atmospheric loss. We evolve $10^{6}$ synthetic exoplanets by exposing them to XUV irradiation from synthetic ZAMS stars. For each planet we set a different interior composition which ranged from $\rm 100 \: wt\%$ Fe (very dense) through $\rm 100 \: wt\%$ $\rm MgSiO_{3}$ (average density) and to $\rm 100 \: wt\%$ $\rm H_{2}O$ ice (low density) with varying hydrogen envelop sizes which varied from $\rm 0 \: wt\%$ (a negligible envelop) to $\rm 100 \: wt\%$ (a negligible core). Our simulations were able to replicate the bimodal distribution in exoplanet radii. We argue that in order to reproduce the distribution by Fulton et al. (2017) it is mandatory for there to be a paucity of exoplanets with masses above $\rm \sim 8M_{\oplus}$. Furthermore, our best-fit result predicts an initial flat distribution in exoplanet occurrence for $\rm M_{P} \lesssim 8M_{\oplus}$ with a strong deficiency for planets with $\rm \lesssim 3M_{\oplus}$. Our results are consistent with the $\rm \sim 1.3R_{\oplus}$ radius peak mostly encompassing denuded exoplanets whilst the $\rm \sim 2.4R_{\oplus}$ radius peak mainly comprising exoplanets with large hydrogen envelops
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE PRODUCTIVITY EFFECT OF THE SHIFT OF WOMEN WORKERS OUT OF HOUSEWORK
Creators: name: Bustillo, Ines
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The purpose of this study is to assess the productivity effect of the shift of women workers out of the household sector into paid employment for the United States economy during the period 1960-80. This study questions the validity of one explanation frequently cited to explain the decline in the growth of labor productivity since the mid-1960s: that the growing numbers of women working outside the home has reduced productivity growth. It is argued that the traditional GNP measure understates productivity growth in a period of rising female labor force participation, relative to a more comprehensive measure of economic output. To assess the quantitative impact of the household shift in a comprehensive measure of productivity, one that includes the household sector, the value of output produced in the household had to be obtained. Output was estimated using a Cobb-Douglas production function, considering the contribution of labor and capital inputs. The labor input was measured by the market wage foregone by allocating time to housework. Potential market wages were adjusted for the presence of barriers to intersectoral mobility of labor. Otherwise, potential market wages would overstate the value of household labor and understate measures of productivity growth. For the productivity analysis, a decomposition equation of aggregate productivity growth was used. This equation, developed by Norsworthy and Fulco, partitions changes in economy-wide average productivity into a productivity effect, a shift effect, and an interaction effect. The results show that if one adopts an expanded definition of the economy, then the slowdown in productivity growth since 1973 is substantially reduced. While the productivity gains from the shift out of housework have not completely offset the decline in productivity in the business sector, they have moderated it substantially.
Streptocarpus ionanthus subsp. ionanthus var. diplotrichus Christenh. 2012, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Christenhusz, Maarten J. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Gesneriaceae
Streptocarpus
Streptocarpus ionanthus
Streptocarpus ionanthus subsp. ionanthus var. diplotrichus (b.l.burtt) christenh.

description: Streptocarpus ionanthus subsp. ionanthus var. diplotrichus (B.L.Burtt) Christenh., comb. nov.
 Basionym: Saintpaulia diplotricha Burtt (1947: 23).
 Type: TANZANIA. Lushoto Distr.: Usambara, 1000 m, 26 November 1895, Buchwald 149 (holotype K!- 000378665, isotypes B!, BM, BR).
 Homotypic synonym: Saintpaulia ionantha subsp. ionantha var. diplotricha (B.L.Burtt) I.Darbysh.
description: Published as part of Christenhusz, Maarten J. M., 2012, On African violets and Cape primroses-towards a monophyletic Streptocarpus (Gesneriaceae), pp. 3-9 in Phytotaxa 46 on page 6, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.46.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/4814794
Observation of Time-Reversal Invariant Helical Edge-Modes in Bilayer Graphene/WSe$_2$ Heterostructure
Creators: name: Tiwari, Priya
name: Srivastav, Saurabh Kumar
name: Ray, Sujay
name: Das, Tanmoy
name: Bid, Aveek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological insulators, along with Chern insulators and Quantum Hall insulator phases, are considered as paradigms for symmetry protected topological phases of matter. This article reports the experimental realization of the time-reversal invariant helical edge-modes in bilayer graphene/monolayer WSe$_2$-based heterostructures -- a phase generally considered as a precursor to the field of generic topological insulators. Our observation of this elusive phase depended crucially on our ability to create mesoscopic devices comprising both a moiré superlattice potential and strong spin-orbit coupling; this resulted in materials whose electronic band structure could be tuned from trivial to topological by an external displacement field. We find that the topological phase is characterized by a bulk bandgap and by helical edge-modes with electrical conductance quantized exactly to $2e^2/h$ in zero external magnetic field. We put the helical edge-modes on firm grounds through supporting experiments, including the verification of predictions of the Landauer-B$\mathrm{\ddot{u}}$ttiker model for quantum transport in multi-terminal mesoscopic devices. Our non-local transport properties measurements show that the helical edge-modes are dissipationless and equilibrate at the contact probes. We achieved the tunability of the different topological phases with electric and magnetic fields, which allowed us to achieve topological phase transitions between trivial and multiple, distinct topological phases. We also present results of a theoretical study of a realistic model which, in addition to replicating our experimental results, explains the origin of the topological insulating bulk and helical edge-modes. Our experimental and theoretical results establish a viable route to realizing the time-reversal invariant $\mathbb{Z}_2$ topological phase of matter.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures
DNN-Based Distributed Multichannel Mask Estimation for Speech Enhancement in Microphone Arrays
Creators: name: Furnon, Nicolas
name: Serizel, Romain
name: Illina, Irina
name: Essid, Slim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Multichannel processing is widely used for speech enhancement but several limitations appear when trying to deploy these solutions to the real-world. Distributed sensor arrays that consider several devices with a few microphones is a viable alternative that allows for exploiting the multiple devices equipped with microphones that we are using in our everyday life. In this context, we propose to extend the distributed adaptive node-specific signal estimation approach to a neural networks framework. At each node, a local filtering is performed to send one signal to the other nodes where a mask is estimated by a neural network in order to compute a global multi-channel Wiener filter. In an array of two nodes, we show that this additional signal can be efficiently taken into account to predict the masks and leads to better speech enhancement performances than when the mask estimation relies only on the local signals.
description: Submitted to ICASSP2020
A Phenomenological Description of the Non-Fermi-Liquid Phase of MnSi
Creators: name: Narikiyo, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to understand the non-Fermi-liquid behavior of MnSi under pressure we propose a scenario on the basis of the multispiral state of the magnetic moment. This state can describe the recent critical experiment of the Bragg sphere in the neutron scattering which is the key ingredient of the non-Fermi-liquid behavior.
description: 3 pages
Theoretical precision in estimates of the hadronic contributions to (g-2)_mu and alpha_QED(M_Z)
Creators: name: Jegerlehner, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I review recent estimates of the non-perturbative hadronic vacuum polarization contributions. Since these at present can only be evaluated in terms of experimental data of limited precision, the related uncertainties pose a serious limitation in our ability to make precise predictions. Besides e+e- - annihilation data also tau decay spectra can help to get better predictions. Here, it is important to account for all possible iso-spin violations in tau - decay spectra, from which e+e- cross sections may be obtained by an iso-spin rotation. The observed 10% discrepancy in the region above the rho may be understood as a so far unaccounted iso-spin breaking effect.
description: 10 pages, 2 tables, 4 figures
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE PRODUCTIVITY EFFECT OF THE SHIFT OF WOMEN WORKERS OUT OF HOUSEWORK
Creators: name: Bustillo, Ines
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: The purpose of this study is to assess the productivity effect of the shift of women workers out of the household sector into paid employment for the United States economy during the period 1960-80. This study questions the validity of one explanation frequently cited to explain the decline in the growth of labor productivity since the mid-1960s: that the growing numbers of women working outside the home has reduced productivity growth. It is argued that the traditional GNP measure understates productivity growth in a period of rising female labor force participation, relative to a more comprehensive measure of economic output. To assess the quantitative impact of the household shift in a comprehensive measure of productivity, one that includes the household sector, the value of output produced in the household had to be obtained. Output was estimated using a Cobb-Douglas production function, considering the contribution of labor and capital inputs. The labor input was measured by the market wage foregone by allocating time to housework. Potential market wages were adjusted for the presence of barriers to intersectoral mobility of labor. Otherwise, potential market wages would overstate the value of household labor and understate measures of productivity growth. For the productivity analysis, a decomposition equation of aggregate productivity growth was used. This equation, developed by Norsworthy and Fulco, partitions changes in economy-wide average productivity into a productivity effect, a shift effect, and an interaction effect. The results show that if one adopts an expanded definition of the economy, then the slowdown in productivity growth since 1973 is substantially reduced. While the productivity gains from the shift out of housework have not completely offset the decline in productivity in the business sector, they have moderated it substantially.
Analysis of energy conversion processes at kinetic scales associated with a series of dipolarization fronts observed by MMS during a substorm
Creators: name: ALQEEQ, Soboh
name: Contel, O. Le
name: Canu, P.
name: Retinò, A.
name: Chust, T.
name: Mirioni, L.
name: Khotyaintsev, Y.
name: R. Nakamura
name: F. D. Wilder
name: N. Ahmadi
name: H. Y. Wei
name: M. Argall
name: D. Fischer
name: D. J. Gershman
name: J. L. Burch
name: R. B. Torbert
name: B. L. Giles
name: S. A. Fuselier
name: R. E. Ergun
name: P.-A. Lindqvist
name: D. L. Turner
name: I. J. Cohen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Dipolarization fronts

description: In July 2017, the MMS constellation was in the magnetotail with an apogee of 25 Earth radii and an average inter satellite distance of 10 km (i.e. at electron scales). On 23 July around 16:19 UT, MMS was located at the edge of the current sheet which was in a quasi-static state. Then, MMS suddenly entered in the central plasma sheet and detected the local onset of a small substorm as indicated by the AE index (~400 nT). Fast earthward plasma flows
 were measured for about 1 hour starting with a period of quasi-steady flow and followed by a saw-tooth like series of fast flows associated with dipolarization fronts. This plasma transport sequence finished with a flow reversal still occurring close to the magnetic equator. In the present study, we investigate the energy conversion processes at ion and electron scales for these different phases with particular attention on the processes in the vicinity of the dipolarization fronts.
Entropy Fit Indices: New Fit Measures for Assessing the Structure and Dimensionality of Multiple Latent Variables
Creators: name: Golino, Hudson
name: Moulder, Robert
name: Shi, Dingjing
name: Christensen, Alexander P.
name: Garrido, Luis Eduardo
name: Nieto, Maria Dolores
name: Nesselroade, John
name: Sadana, Ritu
name: Thiyagarajan, Jotheeswaran Amuthavalli
name: Boker, Steven M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Plant Biology

description: The accurate identification of the content and number of latent factors underlying multivariate data is an important endeavor in many areas of Psychology and related fields. Recently, a new dimensionality assessment technique based on network psychometrics was proposed (Exploratory Graph Analysis, EGA), but a measure to check the fit of the dimensionality structure to the data estimated via EGA is still lacking. Although traditional factor-analytic fit measures are widespread, recent research has identified limitations for their effectiveness in categorical variables. Here, we propose three new fit measures (termed entropy fit indices) that combines information theory, quantum information theory and structural analysis: Entropy Fit Index (EFI), EFI with Von Neumman Entropy (EFI.vn) and Total EFI.vn (TEFI.vn). The first can be estimated in complete datasets using Shannon entropy, while EFI.vn and TEFI.vn can be estimated in correlation matrices using quantum information metrics. We show, through several simulations, that TEFI.vn, EFI.vn and EFI are as accurate or more accurate than traditional fit measures when identifying the number of simulated latent factors. However, in conditions where more factors are extracted than the number of factors simulated, only TEFI.vn presents a very high accuracy. In addition, we provide an applied example that demonstrates how the new fit measures can be used with a real-world dataset, using exploratory graph analysis.
CNTS AND NHA AS REINFORCEMENT TO IMPROVE FLEXURAL AND IMPACT PROPERTIES OF UHMWPE NANOCOMPOSITES FOR HIP JOINT APPLICATIONS
Creators: name: Oleiwi, Jawad K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90301 Biomaterials
subject: FOS: Medical engineering
subject: 91202 Composite and Hybrid Materials
subject: FOS: Materials engineering
subject: 91299 Materials Engineering not elsewhere classified

description: Nano materials with their unique properties achieve good improvement when they used to reinforce polymer matrix composites. CNTs and nHA were added to matrix ofUHMWPE to produce eight nanocomposites by adding four weight fractions (%) involve 1, 2, 3 and 5% of each material.Some mechanical properties were tested in this research include the Flexural strength & Shear strength which indicated that UHMWPE/3%CNTs gave the highest strengthfollowed by UHMWPE/5%nHA. Also the results showed that the highest impact strength was for UHMWPE/3%nHA followed by UHMWPE/3%CNTs. This improvement in thesetested properties is due to the filling the pores in nanocomposites compared with pure UHMWPE which has many holes filled by air which decrease the mechanical properties of the later.
Solar Orbiter's first Venus flyby: observations from the Radio and Plasma Wave instrument
Creators: name: Hadid, Lina
name: RPW Team
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: On December 27, 2020, Solar Orbiter completed its first gravity assist manoeuvre of Venus (VGAM1). While this flyby was performed to provide the spacecraft with sufficient velocity to get closer to the Sun and observe its poles from progressively higher inclinations, the Radio and Plasma Wave (RPW) consortium, along with other operational in-situ instruments, had the opportunity to perform high cadence measurements and study the plasma properties in the induced magnetosphere of Venus. In this work, we review the main observations of the RPW instrument during VGAM1. They include the identification of a number of magnetospheric plasma wave modes, measurements of the electron number densities computed using the quasi-thermal noise spectroscopy technique and inferred from the probe-to-spacecraft potential, the observation of dust impact signatures, kinetic solitary structures, and localized structures at the bow-shock, in addition to the validation of the wave normal analysis on-board from the Low Frequency Receiver.
Uncertainty estimation in equality-constrained MAP and maximum likelihood estimation with applications to system identification and state estimation
Creators: name: Dutra, Dimas Abreu Archanjo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In unconstrained maximum a posteriori (MAP) and maximum likelihood estimation, the inverse of minus the merit-function Hessian matrix is an approximation of the estimate covariance matrix. In the Bayesian context of MAP estimation, it is the covariance of a normal approximation of the posterior around the mode; while in maximum likelihood estimation, it an approximation of the inverse Fisher information matrix, to which the covariance of efficient estimators converge. These measures are routinely used in system identification to evaluate the estimate uncertainties and diagnose problems such as overparametrization, improper excitation and unidentifiability. A wide variety of estimation problems in systems and control, however, can be formulated as equality-constrained optimizations with additional decision variables to exploit parallelism in computer hardware, simplify implementation and increase the convergence basin and efficiency of the nonlinear program solver. The introduction of the extra variables, however, dissociates the inverse Hessian from the covariance matrix. Instead, submatrices of the inverse Hessian of the constrained-problem's Lagrangian must be used. In this paper, we derive these relationships, showing how the estimates' covariance can be estimated directly from the augmented problem. Application examples are shown in system identification with the output-error method and joint state-path and parameter estimation.
INVESTIGATION OF ELUENTS FOR ION CHROMATOGRAPHY AND COMPARISON OF POLYMERIC ANION EXCHANGE COLUMNS
Creators: name: Glatz, Joseph Albert
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Six anion exchange columns were compared for retentivity and selectivity using o-phthalic and isophthalic acids as eluents. A linear relationship was found between column capacity (meg/column) and the capacity factors (k') for Cl('-), NO(,3)('-), and SO(,4)('-2) anions. The two polymeric anion exchange columns produced better chromatography than the silica based materials. Several new organic diacids were also investigated for use as eluents in single column ion chromatography. Depending upon the column used, all the diacids provided good to excellent separations for the anions tested. Adsorption of the eluent onto the non-functionalized ion exchange matrix was found to be an important criteron in eluent selection and chromatographic performance. Generally, diacids that were more hydrophobic in nature (aromatic or olefinic) were also the stronger eluents. A correlation between anion retention and the eluents' structure was found in several cases. The retention mechanism operating in anionic single column ion chromatography appears to include complex interactions or adsorption phenomena between eluent and ion exchange matrix and not solely a simple ion exchange process between eluent and sample anions.
Inflationary Cosmological Perturbations of Quantum-Mechanical Origin
Creators: name: Martin, Jerome
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This review article aims at presenting the theory of inflation. We first describe the background spacetime behavior during the slow-roll phase and analyze how inflation ends and the Universe reheats. Then, we present the theory of cosmological perturbations with special emphasis on their behavior during inflation. In particular, we discuss the quantum-mechanical nature of the fluctuations and show how the uncertainty principle fixes the amplitude of the perturbations. In a next step, we calculate the inflationary power spectra in the slow-roll approximation and compare these theoretical predictions to the recent high accuracy measurements of the Cosmic Microwave Background radiation (CMBR) anisotropy. We show how these data already constrain the underlying inflationary high energy physics. Finally, we conclude with some speculations about the trans-Planckian problem, arguing that this issue could allow us to open a window on physical phenomena which have never been probed so far.
description: Review Article, 47 pages, 3 figures. Lectures given at the 40th Karpacz Winter School on Theoretical Physics (Poland, Feb. 2004), submitted to Lecture Notes in Physics
Device-Independent Certification of Genuinely Entangled Subspaces
Creators: name: Baccari, Flavio
name: Augusiak, Remigiusz
name: Šupić, Ivan
name: Acín, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Self-testing is a procedure for characterizing quantum resources with the minimal level of trust. Up to now it has been used as a device-independent certification tool for particular quantum measurements, channels, and pure entangled states. In this work we introduce the concept of self-testing more general entanglement structures. More precisely, we present the first self-tests of an entangled subspace - the five-qubit code and the toric code. We show that all quantum states maximally violating a suitably chosen Bell inequality must belong to the corresponding code subspace, which remarkably includes also mixed states.
description: 14 pages (5 + appendices), 6 figures
Multi-instrument STIX microflare study
Creators: name: J. Saqri
name: A. Veronig
name: A. Warmuth
name: A. F. Battaglia
name: S. Krucker
name: Team, The STIX
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: sun, solar flare, microflare,STIX, SDO AIA, GOES

description: Solar flares are generally thought to be the impulsive release of magnetic energy giving rise to a wide range of solar phenomena. During its commissioning phase in 2020, the Spectrometer/Telescope for Imaging X-rays (STIX) on board the Solar Orbiter (SOLO) spacecraft clearly observed 26 microflares and demonstrated its capability to reconstruct spectra for larger (GOES B class and larger) events. In this study, we make use of these capabilities to perform flare plasma diagnostics for a well observed B6 event which has the best count statistics in this set of commissioning flares. As there is only limited data from other SOLO instruments available to complement these initial observations, we make use of observations from GOES and instruments onboard the SDO spacecraft to complement the STIX instrument. It is demonstrated that the high spatial resolution, high cadence AIA EUV data and the DEM reconstructed from the data is a valuable tool to complement observations from the STIX X-ray instrument as it allows to distinguish the different components of the multi-thermal flare plasma (e.g. flare kernels and loops) and to observe flare plasma outside the sensitivity range of X-ray instruments. The capabilities demonstrated here will be very usefull when Solar Orbiter enters its nominal science phase towards the end of 2021. The SDO/AIA instrument provides high resolution, high cadence EUV imaging that additionally allows to reconstruct the Differential Emission Measure (DEM) of the thermal flare plasma while GOES provides an spatially integrated measurement in two X-ray channels that can be used for plasma diagnostics.
Likely striping in stochastic nematic elastomers
Creators: name: Mihai, L. Angela
name: Goriely, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For monodomain nematic elastomers, we construct generalised elastic-nematic constitutive models combining purely elastic and neoclassical-type strain-energy densities. Inspired by recent developments in stochastic elasticity, we extend these models to stochastic-elastic-nematic forms where the model parameters are defined by spatially-independent probability density functions at a continuum level. To investigate the behaviour of these systems and demonstrate the effects of the probabilistic parameters, we focus on the classical problem of shear striping in a stretched nematic elastomer for which the solution is given explicitly. We find that, unlike in the neoclassical case where the inhomogeneous deformation occurs within a universal interval that is independent of the elastic modulus, for the elastic-nematic models, the critical interval depends on the material parameters. For the stochastic extension, the bounds of this interval are probabilistic, and the homogeneous and inhomogeneous states compete in the sense that both have a a given probability to occur. We refer to the inhomogeneous pattern within this interval as "likely striping".
Solar Wind Energy Flux Observations in the Inner Heliosphere: First Results from Parker Solar Probe
Creators: name: LIU Mingzhe
name: ISSAUTIER Karine
name: Meyer-Vernet Nicole
name: Moncuquet Michel
name: Maksimovic Milan
name: Halekas Jasper
name: Jia, Huang
name: Griton Lea
name: Bale Stuart
name: Pulupa Marc
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: (Sun:) solar wind—Sun: heliosphere—Sun: corona—Sun: fundamental parameters—plasmas—acceleration of particles

description: Parker Solar Probe (PSP), launched on August 12th, 2018, is an ongoing mission to probe the solar corona (perihelion from 35.7 solar radii (Rs) to 9.86 Rs). In particular, this gives us an opportunity to study the solar wind energy flux in the inner heliosphere, which is of great importance to determine the acceleration of the solar wind at the base of the corona. We investigate the solar wind energy flux in the inner heliosphere using 12-day observations around each perihelion of Encounter One (E01), Two (E02), Four (E04), and Five (E05) of PSP, respectively, with a minimum heliocentric distance of 27.8 Rs. Energy flux is calculated based on electron parameters (density ne, core electron temperature Tc, and suprathermal electron temperature Th) obtained by analyzing plasma quasi-thermal noise (QTN) spectrum measured by RFS/FIELDS and the bulk proton parameters (bulk speed Vp, and temperature Tp) measured by SPC/SWEAP. Combining observations from E01, E02, E04, and E05, the averaged energy flux value normalized to 1 Rs plus the energy necessary to overcome the solar gravitation (WR⊙) is about 70 ± 14 W/m2, similar to the average value (79 ± 18 W/m2) derived by Le Chat et al. (2012) from 24-year observations by Helios, Ulysses, and Wind at various distances and heliolatitudes. It is remarkable that the distributions of WR⊙ are nearly symmetrical and well fitted by Gaussians, much more so than at 1 AU, which may imply that the small heliocentric distance limits the interactions with transient plasma structures.
Dressed-state approach to a simple radiating atom
Creators: name: Flores-Hidalgo, G.
name: Malbouisson, A. P. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a system consisting of an atom in the dipole approximation, coupled to the electromagnetic field. Using recently introduced renormalized coordinates and dressed states, we give a non-perturbative solution to the atom radiation process. From this formalism a non-exponential decay law naturally emerges. However, at least for low frequencies and weak coupling, there is only a very small, practically non-detectable, deviation from a purely exponential decay, in agreement with all previous results in the literature.
description: Comments and references added, title changed, 8 pages 1 figure
INVESTIGATION OF ELUENTS FOR ION CHROMATOGRAPHY AND COMPARISON OF POLYMERIC ANION EXCHANGE COLUMNS
Creators: name: Glatz, Joseph Albert
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
classificationCode: 3401
subject: Analytical chemistry

description: Six anion exchange columns were compared for retentivity and selectivity using o-phthalic and isophthalic acids as eluents. A linear relationship was found between column capacity (meg/column) and the capacity factors (k') for Cl('-), NO(,3)('-), and SO(,4)('-2) anions. The two polymeric anion exchange columns produced better chromatography than the silica based materials. Several new organic diacids were also investigated for use as eluents in single column ion chromatography. Depending upon the column used, all the diacids provided good to excellent separations for the anions tested. Adsorption of the eluent onto the non-functionalized ion exchange matrix was found to be an important criteron in eluent selection and chromatographic performance. Generally, diacids that were more hydrophobic in nature (aromatic or olefinic) were also the stronger eluents. A correlation between anion retention and the eluents' structure was found in several cases. The retention mechanism operating in anionic single column ion chromatography appears to include complex interactions or adsorption phenomena between eluent and ion exchange matrix and not solely a simple ion exchange process between eluent and sample anions.
The presence of active brown adipose tissue determines cold-induced energy expenditure and oxylipin profiles in humans: Supplementary Materials and Methods
Creators: name: Kulterer, Oana Cristina
name: Niederstaetter, Laura
name: Herz, Carsten Thilo
name: Haug, Alexander R.
name: Bileck, Andrea
name: Pils, Dietmar
name: Kautzky-Willer, Alexandra
name: Gerner, Christopher
name: Kiefer, Florian Wolfgang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110306 Endocrinology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplementary material related to the article entitled "The presence of active brown adipose tissue determines cold-induced energy expenditure and oxylipin profiles in humans: Supplementary Materials and Methods".