cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
FM-Delta: Fault Management Packet Compression
Creators: name: Mizrahi, Tal
name: Revah, Yoram
name: Kalim, Yehonathan Refael
name: Kapuza, Elad
name: Cassuto, Yuval
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Fault Management (FM) is a cardinal feature in communication networks. One of the most common FM approaches is to use periodic keepalive messages. Hence, switches and routers are required to transmit a large number of FM messages periodically, requiring a hardware-based packet generator that periodically transmits a set of messages that are stored in an expensive on-chip memory. With the rapid growth of carrier networks, and as 5G technologies emerge, the number of users and the traffic rates are expected to significantly increase over the next few years. Consequently, we expect the on-chip memories used for FM to become a costly component in switch and router chips. We introduce a novel approach in which FM messages are stored in compressed form in the on-chip memory, allowing to significantly reduce the memory size. We present FM-Delta, a simple hardware-friendly delta encoding algorithm that allows FM messages to be compressed by a factor of 2.6. We show that this compression ratio is very close to the results of the zlib compression library, which requires much higher implementation complexity.
description: This technical report is an extended version of "FM-Delta: Fault Management Packet Compression", which was accepted to the IFIP/IEEE International Symposium on Integrated Network Management, IM 2017
Food Practices in Residential Care, 2007-2008
Food Practices in an Institutional Context: Children, Care and Control
Creators: name: McIntosh, I.
name: McIntosh, I.
name: Punch, S.
name: Emond, R.
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 2011

description: This is a qualitative data collection.

 Food Practices in Residential Care, 2007-2008 explores the use and meaning of food practices within the context of children's residential care homes in Scotland. The project adopted an interdisciplinary approach building on, and developing, previous work from the sociology of childhood and child care social work. The aim was to investigate the role played by food practices in relation to the exercise of care, control, reward and punishment within an institutional setting. The research explored how the distribution and provision of food is understood and conducted. It also examined the possible ways in which these practices can be resisted and negotiated by children within residential care homes.

 The research was carried out at three residential children's homes which are referred to throughout the transcripts using the pseudonyms Highton, Welton and Lifton. Semi-structured interviews, focus groups and observations were completed with a total of 16 children aged 9 to 18 (11 boys and 5 girls) and 46 members of staff (26 women and 20 men including managerial staff, care workers, cooks, administration and domestic staff) who took part in individual interviews and/or a focus group. (The observation data are not available from the UK Data Archive.)

 Further information on the research project is available from the Stirling University project web page and the ESRC Award web page.
Observing the Sun with Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA): High Resolution Interferometric Imaging
Creators: name: Shimojo, M.
name: Bastian, T. S.
name: Hales, A. S.
name: White, S. M.
name: Iwai, K.
name: Hills, R. E.
name: Hirota, A.
name: Phillips, N. M.
name: Sawada, T.
name: Yagoubov, P.
name: Siringo, G.
name: Asayama, S.
name: Sugimoto, M.
name: Brajsa, R.
name: Skokic, I.
name: Barta, M.
name: Kim, S.
name: de Gregorio, I.
name: Corder, S. A.
name: Hudson, H. S.
name: Wedemeyer, S.
name: Gary, D. E.
name: De Pontieu, B.
name: Loukitcheva, M.
name: Fleishman, G. D.
name: Chen, B.
name: Kobelski, A.
name: Yan, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of the Sun at millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths offer a unique probe into the structure, dynamics, and heating of the chromosphere; the structure of sunspots; the formation and eruption of prominences and filaments; and energetic phenomena such as jets and flares. High-resolution observations of the Sun at millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths are challenging due to the intense, extended, low- contrast, and dynamic nature of emission from the quiet Sun, and the extremely intense and variable nature of emissions associated with energetic phenomena. The Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) was designed with solar observations in mind. The requirements for solar observations are significantly different from observations of sidereal sources and special measures are necessary to successfully carry out this type of observations. We describe the commissioning efforts that enable the use of two frequency bands, the 3 mm band (Band 3) and the 1.25 mm band (Band 6), for continuum interferometric-imaging observations of the Sun with ALMA. Examples of high-resolution synthesized images obtained using the newly commissioned modes during the solar commissioning campaign held in December 2015 are presented. Although only 30 of the eventual 66 ALMA antennas were used for the campaign, the solar images synthesized from the ALMA commissioning data reveal new features of the solar atmosphere that demonstrate the potential power of ALMA solar observations. The ongoing expansion of ALMA and solar-commissioning efforts will continue to enable new and unique solar observing capabilities.
description: 22 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in Solar Physics
Attitudes to Genetically Modified Foods, 2009
Attitudes to GM Foods
Creators: name: National Centre For Social Research
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 2010

description: This is a qualitative data collection. The study was designed to build on the findings of previous Food Standards Agency (FSA) work and specifically aimed to:
explore why people hold particular views to GM food

 better understand how people's attitudes to genetically modified (GM) food are formed

explore how people weigh up the risks and benefits associated with GM food

better understand what causes people to be indifferent to GM food

explore the circumstances in which people change their views
These objectives were met using a three-stage research design. Firstly, in-depth interviews were held with 30 respondents to the British Social Attitudes, 2008* (BSA) survey, in two geographical areas, to explore what shapes attitudes to GM food. Secondly, two deliberative workshops were held with the interviewed respondents to further understand attitude shaping and explore the impact of receiving information about GM food. Finally, six follow-up telephone interviews explored participants' experience of the research process. Purposive sampling ensured diversity in attitudes to GM food as expressed in the BSA survey, in relation to relevant socio-demographic factors.

 Further information about the research, including links to reports, may be found on the NatCen Public Attitudes to GM Foods and FSA Public Attitudes to GM Foods project web pages.

 *The British Social Attitudes Survey, 2008 is held at the UK Data Archive under SN 6390.
MPEC 2023-R92 : 2023 RS2
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 RS2

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
title: Police Response to Domestic Violence: Does Officer Gender Make a Difference?
Creators: name: Whitmore, Amy Leighann
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2003

description: With domestic violence an increasing problem within the United States, police response to domestic violence has emerged as an important issue in its prevention and treatment. Recent research on police response to domestic violence has yielded conflicting results, with some studies showing that officer gender affects responses. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect that officer gender has on both formal and informal police responses to domestic violence. Incident reports were collected from a police agency to examine responses to domestic violence.

Results indicated that officer gender does have a significant effect upon both formal and informal police responses. Consistent with the study's hypotheses, female officers were more likely to make both an arrest and referral, more likely to make a referral only, and less likely to take no action at all. Unexpectedly, female officers were less likely to make only an arrest. These findings indicated that officer gender should be considered an important variable when examining police response to domestic violence.
Analysing Partnership in the Catholic Church Aid Chain, 2005-2007
Analysing Partnership in Aid Chains: a Catholic Church Case Study
Creators: name: Morse, S.
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 2011

description: This is a qualitative data collection.

 The primary aim of the project was to develop and test an analytical framework for partnership in aid chains. The framework was derived by analysing the aid chain of the Catholic Church, focussing specifically on the relationships between the diocese of Abuja Ecclesiastical Province (AEP) and four major Catholic-based donors (Misereor, CAFOD, Trocaire and Catholic Relief Services (CRS)). A semi-structured questionnaire was designed to explore aspects of partnership. This was followed by fieldwork in Nigeria, UK, USA, Ireland, Germany and Belgium. In Nigeria, interviews were held with staff of the diocese that comprise AEP, Province, Inter-Province and Catholic Secretariat as well as Federal Government Officials.

 The research confirmed the complexity of 'partnership' within the Catholic Church development structures. Relationships are south-south, north-north and north-south. South-south primarily comprises partnership within diocese, provinces and the national context, while north-south is between structures of the Nigerian Church and the international donors. North-north is between Catholic donors (including via CARITAS and/or CIDSE networks) and between the Catholic donors and government aid agencies.

 There is 'patchiness' in terms of relationships both between Southern partners and Northern donors but also within each of these groups. For example, there are issues of inequality between diocese in Nigeria in terms of being able to access donor funding as well as sensitive gender issues between religious personnel charged with managing development 'on the ground'. These issues strike at the very heart of Catholic Social Teaching. However, while a snapshot analysis of partnership based on power differential yields some insights, the relationships are much longer term and there is inter-dependence. Partners wanted to work through differences and were willing to invest in doing so. But some problems are clearly more intractable than others and do present a challenge for the Church.

 Further information can be found at the funding award web page. The award is part of the ESRC's Non-Governmental Public Action Programme (NGPA).
Secure Management of Low Power Fitness Trackers
Creators: name: Rahman, Mahmudur
name: Carbunar, Bogdan
name: Topkara, Umut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The increasing popular interest in personal telemetry, also called the Quantified Self or "lifelogging", has induced a popularity surge for wearable personal fitness trackers. Fitness trackers automatically collect sensor data about the user throughout the day, and integrate it into social network accounts. Solution providers have to strike a balance between many constraints, leading to a design process that often puts security in the back seat. Case in point, we reverse engineered and identified security vulnerabilities in Fitbit Ultra and Gammon Forerunner 610, two popular and representative fitness tracker products. We introduce FitBite and GarMax, tools to launch efficient attacks against Fitbit and Garmin. We devise SensCrypt, a protocol for secure data storage and communication, for use by makers of affordable and lightweight personal trackers. SensCrypt thwarts not only the attacks we introduced, but also defends against powerful JTAG Read attacks. We have built Sens.io, an Arduino Uno based tracker platform, of similar capabilities but at a fraction of the cost of current solutions. On Sens.io, SensCrypt imposes a negligible write overhead and significantly reduces the end-to-end sync overhead of Fitbit and Garmin.
Observation of quantum oscillations in FIB fabricated nanowires of topological insulator (Bi2Se3)
Creators: name: Bhattacharyya, Biplab
name: Sharma, Alka
name: Awana, V P S
name: Srivastava, A. K.
name: Senguttuvan, T. D.
name: Husale, Sudhir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since last few years, research based on topological insulators (TI) is in great interests due to intrinsic exotic fundamental properties and future potential applications such as quantum computers or spintronics. The fabrication of TI nanodevices and study on their transport properties mostly focused on high quality crystalline nanowires or nanoribbons. Here we report robust approach of Bi2Se3 nanowire formation from deposited flakes using ion beam milling method. The fabricated Bi2Se3 nanowire devices have been employed to investigate the robustness of topological surface state (TSS) to gallium ion doping and any deformation in the material due to fabrication tools. We report the quantum oscillations in magnetoresistance curves under the parallel magnetic field. The resistance versus magnetic field curves have been studied and compared with Aharonov-Bohm (AB) interference effects which further demonstrate the transport through TSS. The fabrication route and observed electronic transport properties indicate clear quantum oscillations and can be exploited further in studying the exotic electronic properties associated with TI based nanodevices.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, accepted in JPCM
Young People in Jobs Without Training, 2007
Young People Who Enter Jobs Without Training
Creators: name: Huddleston, P.
name: Maguire, S.
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 2011

description: This is a qualitative data collection.

 This research aimed to provide a greater understanding of young people who leave full-time education and who are characterised as having entered jobs without training. A sample of young people who were in jobs without training and who were not working towards or did not have, an NVQ level two (or above) qualification were interviewed. As part of the same study a sample of parents, employers and policy makers were interviewed. Only the young people’s interview transcripts are available from the UK Data Archive.

 Two contrasting localities within England, Warwickshire (North and South) and Tees Valley (Middlesbrough), were selected to represent differences in terms of labour market conditions. A contrast between a rural and an urban location was chosen, in order to define the extent to which these factors impact on young people’s and employers’ behaviour.

 The research objectives of the study were to:
provide a thorough and contemporary understanding of the characteristics, history, experiences, attitudes, barriers, perceptions and ambitions of young people aged 16-18 years who are in a job without training towards a level two (or higher) qualification

provide a thorough understanding of the characteristics, experiences, attitudes and perceptions of their employers focusing in particular on attitudes to training and employment of this age group

determine the role of parents in influencing young people’s decision-making and in facilitating their entry into the labour market

inform the policy implementation of the Learning Agreement Pilot by drawing on an enhanced understanding of the client group, their parents and their employers generated by this research
Further information can be found on the Young People who enter Jobs without Training ESRC Award web page.
Review of till geochemistry and indicator mineral methods for mineral exploration in glaciated terrain
Creators: name: McClenaghan, M. B.
name: Paulen, R. C.
name: Smith, I. R.
name: Rice, J. M.
name: Plouffe, A.
name: McMartin, I.
name: Campbell, J. E.
name: Lehtonen, M.
name: Parsasadr, M.
name: Beckett-Brown, C. E.
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3705
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Appendix 1. References cited in Table 1.
Effects of the Planetary Temperature on the Circumplanetary Disk and on the Gap
Creators: name: Szulágyi, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Circumplanetary disks regulate the late accretion to the giant planet and serve as the birthplace for satellites. Understanding their characteristics via simulations also helps to prepare for their observations. Here we study disks around 1, 3, 5, 10 $\mathrm{M_{Jup}}$ planets with three dimensional, global radiative hydrodynamic simulations with sub-planet peak resolution, and various planetary temperatures. We found that as the 1 $\mathrm{M_{Jup}}$ planet radiates away its formation heat, the circumplanetary envelope transitions to a disk between $T_p = 6000$ K and 4000 K. In the case of 3-10 $\mathrm{M_{Jup}}$ planets a disk always forms. The temperature profile of the circumplanetary disks is very steep, the inner 1/6th is over the silicate condensation temperature and the entire disk is above water freezing point, making satellite formation impossible in this early stage ($
description: Accepted for publication at ApJ
Large magnetocrystalline anisotropy in tetragonally distorted Heuslers: a systematic study
Creators: name: Matsushita, Y. -i.
name: Madjarova, G.
name: Dewhurst, J. K.
name: Shallcross, S.
name: Felser, C.
name: Sharma, S.
name: Gross, E. K. U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With a view to the design of hard magnets without rare earths we explore the possibility of large magnetocrystalline anisotropy energies in Heusler compounds that are unstable with respect to a tetragonal distortion. We consider the Heusler compounds Fe$_2$YZ with Y = (Ni, Co, Pt), and Co$_2$YZ with Y = (Ni, Fe, Pt) where, in both cases, Z = (Al, Ga, Ge, In, Sn). We find that for the Co$_2$NiZ, Co$_2$PtZ, and Fe$_2$PtZ families the cubic phase is always, at $T=0$, unstable with respect to a tetragonal distortion, while, in contrast, for the Fe$_2$NiZ and Fe$_2$CoZ families this is the case for only 2 compounds -- Fe$_2$CoGe and Fe$_2$CoSn. For all compounds in which a tetragonal distortion occurs we calculate the MAE finding remarkably large values for the Pt containing Heuslers, but also large values for a number of the other compounds (e.g. Co$_2$NiGa has an MAE of -2.11~MJ/m$^3$). The tendency to a tetragonal distortion we find to be strongly correlated with a high density of states at the Fermi level in the cubic phase. As a corollary to this fact we observe that upon doping compounds for which the cubic structure is stable such that the Fermi level enters a region of high DOS, a tetragonal distortion is induced and a correspondingly large value of the MAE is then observed.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Changes in lipid membranes may trigger amyloid toxicity in Alzheimer's disease
Creators: name: Drolle, Elizabeth
name: Negoda, Alexander
name: Hammond, Keely
name: Pavlov, Evgeny
name: Leonenko, Zoya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Amyloid beta peptides (A\b{eta}), implicated in Alzheimers disease (AD), interact with the cellular membrane and induce amyloid toxicity. The composition of cellular membranes changes in aging and AD. We designed multi component lipid models to mimic healthy and diseased states of the neuronal membrane. Using atomic force microscopy (AFM), Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) and black lipid membrane (BLM) techniques, we demonstrated that these model membranes differ in their nanoscale structure and physical properties, and interact differently with A\b{eta}. Based on our data, we propose a new hypothesis that changes in lipid membrane due to aging and AD may trigger amyloid toxicity through electrostatic mechanisms, similar to the accepted mechanism of antimicrobial peptide action. Understanding the role of the membrane changes as a key activating amyloid toxicity may aid in the development of a new avenue for the prevention and treatment of AD.
Review of till geochemistry and indicator mineral methods for mineral exploration in glaciated terrain
Creators: name: McClenaghan, M. B.
name: Paulen, R. C.
name: Smith, I. R.
name: Rice, J. M.
name: Plouffe, A.
name: McMartin, I.
name: Campbell, J. E.
name: Lehtonen, M.
name: Parsasadr, M.
name: Beckett-Brown, C. E.
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3705
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Appendix 5-Photo 1. Photograph of mountainous terrain in Fraser Plateau of south-central British Columbia, in western Canada. In this type of terrain, till can be sampled at higher elevations from thin till veneers (Tv) and thicker till blankets (Tb) on valley walls and from thick sediment sequences in valleys filled with till and alluvium (A), using overburden drilling. Appendix 5-Photo 2. Oblique photo showing an area affected by marine incursion near Baker Lake in Arctic Canada. The thick black dashed line indicates the inland limit of marine incursion. Till unmodified by wave action can be collected above this limit (west side of photo). Till surfaces topographically lower than this limit may be significantly reworked and winnowed by waves and be overlain by a bouldery mantle or beach shingles of poorly sorted debris (washed till). Raised beach sediments derived from winnowed till are not suitable sample sites because of significant reworking of till and significant transport distances of sediment in longshore currents. To the right side of the photo, where glaciomarine sediments are thick, till samples must be collected from beneath the cover sediments by digging holes or using deeper till sampling methods. Appendix 5-Photo 3. Oblique photo showing an area affected by glaciomarine incursion within the boreal forest near Gillam in central Canada. The white dashed line indicates the limit of glaciomarine incursion. Till unmodified by wave action can be collected above this limit (west side of photo). Till surfaces topographically lower than the marine limit may be significantly reworked and wave-washed and be overlain by a bouldery mantle, or beach shingles of poorly sorted debris (washed till). To the right side of the photo, where glaciomarine sediments are thick, till samples must be collected from beneath the sediments by digging holes or using other deeper till sampling methods. Photo by Michelle Gauthier.
Spontaneous symmetry breaking in three-Higgs-doublet $S_3$-symmetric models
Creators: name: Emmanuel-Costa, D.
name: Ogreid, O. M.
name: Osland, P.
name: Rebelo, M. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The talk summarises work done by the authors consisting of a detailed study of the possible vacua in models with three Higgs doublets with $S_3$ symmetry and without explicit CP violation. Different vacua require special regions of the parameter space which were analysed in our work. We establish the possibility of spontaneous CP violation in this framework and we also show which complex vacua conserve CP. In our work we discussed constraints from vacuum stability. The results presented here are relevant for model building.
description: 11 pages, no figures. Prepared for the proceedings of DISCRETE2016: the Fifth Symposium on Prospects in the Physics of Discrete Symmetries, 28 November-3 December 2016, University of Warsaw, Poland, to appear in the Journal of Physics: Conference Series (JPCS)
MPEC 2023-R93 : 2023 RT2
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 RT2

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Review of till geochemistry and indicator mineral methods for mineral exploration in glaciated terrain
Creators: name: McClenaghan, M. B.
name: Paulen, R. C.
name: Smith, I. R.
name: Rice, J. M.
name: Plouffe, A.
name: McMartin, I.
name: Campbell, J. E.
name: Lehtonen, M.
name: Parsasadr, M.
name: Beckett-Brown, C. E.
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3705
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Appendix 4 Logistical and geological factors to consider in till sample survey design.
Observation of thermal equilibrium in capillary wave turbulenc
Creators: name: Michel, G.
name: Pétrélis, F.
name: Fauve, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider capillary wave turbulence at scales larger than the forcing one. At such scales, our measurements show that the surface waves dynamics is the one of a thermal equilibrium state in which the effective temperature is related to the injected power. We characterize this evolution with a scaling law and report the statistical properties of the large-scale surface elevation depending on this effective temperature.
Review of till geochemistry and indicator mineral methods for mineral exploration in glaciated terrain
Creators: name: McClenaghan, M. B.
name: Paulen, R. C.
name: Smith, I. R.
name: Rice, J. M.
name: Plouffe, A.
name: McMartin, I.
name: Campbell, J. E.
name: Lehtonen, M.
name: Parsasadr, M.
name: Beckett-Brown, C. E.
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3705
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Appendix 2. References cited in Table 2.
Review of till geochemistry and indicator mineral methods for mineral exploration in glaciated terrain
Creators: name: McClenaghan, M. B.
name: Paulen, R. C.
name: Smith, I. R.
name: Rice, J. M.
name: Plouffe, A.
name: McMartin, I.
name: Campbell, J. E.
name: Lehtonen, M.
name: Parsasadr, M.
name: Beckett-Brown, C. E.
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3705
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Appendix 6-Figure 1. Flowchart showing the sequence of steps for sample processing, archiving, and geochemical analysis of the till matrix that is used at the Geological Survey of Canada. Appendix 6-Figure 2. a) Flowchart showing the main stages of till sample processing to recover the heavy and mid-density mineral fractions and to count indicator minerals that is used by the Geological Survey of Canada. b) photograph of a till sample being passed over a shaking table in the first stage of processing, with light minerals (grey) coming off the table at the bottom of the photo and heavy minerals (dark red and black) coming off the table on the left side. Photograph courtesy of Overburden Drilling Management Limited. Appendix 6-Figure 3. Sample processing flowchart showing the main stages of the processing of a till sample to recover the heavy and mid-density mineral fractions used by the Geological Survey of Finland. Modified from Lehtonen et al. (2015).
Implementation of dual time stepping and GMRES of implicit gas-kinetic scheme for unsteady flow simulations
Creators: name: Li, Ji
name: Zhong, Chengwen
name: Wang, Yong
name: Zhuo, Congshan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.2.8
subject: 76FXX, 76H05, 76M12, 82B40

description: A dual time-stepping strategy of gas-kinetic scheme for the simulation of unsteady flows is introduced in this work. The dual time-stepping strategy is always used in the approaches of unsteady flows, and the ability of dual time-stepping to accelerate the computation with acceptable error tolerance is evident. In our paper, we adopt the techniques of dual time-stepping methods for implicit gas-kinetic scheme to simulate the unsteady flows, which is very popular for the numerical methods based on the Navier-Stokes equations. It is carried out by (a) solving the gas-kinetic scheme in finite volume method; (b) obtaining the inviscid flux Jacobian by Roe scheme; (c) involving the computation of viscous flux Jacobian which is not mentioned in the previous implicit gas-kinetic schemes; (d) approximating the linear system of pseudo steady state by generalized minimal residual algorithm (GMRES). The explicit gas-kinetic scheme has been proved to be an accurate approach for both the steady and unsteady flows, and the implicit gas-kinetic scheme is also be developed to accelerate the convergence of steady state. The dual time-stepping method proposed in our study is of great importance to the computations of unsteady flows. Several numerical cases are performed to evaluate the behavior of dual time stepping strategy of gas-kinetic scheme. The incompressible flow around blunt bodies (stationary circular cylinder and square cylinder) and the transonic buffet on the NACA0012 airfoil are simulated to demonstrate the overall performance of the proposed method which is applicable to the fluid flows from laminar to turbulent and from incompressible to compressible.
description: 20 pages, 16 figures, 8 tables
Barjols, atelier Fabre, fabrication du galoubet, traçage au compas des emplacements des trous à percer sur le dessus de l'instrument (galoubet en ut)
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2024

Abstract
SUSY monopole potentials in 2+1 dimensions
Creators: name: Benini, Francesco
name: Benvenuti, Sergio
name: Pasquetti, Sara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gauge theories in 2+1 dimensions can admit monopole operators in the potential. Starting with the theory without monopole potential, if the monopole potential is relevant there is an RG flow to the monopole-deformed theory. Here, focusing on U(Nc) SQCD with Nf flavors and N=2 supersymmetry, we show that even when the monopole potential is irrelevant, the monopole-modified theory Tm can exist and enjoy Seiberg-like dualities. We provide a renormalizable UV completion of Tm and an electric-magnetic dual description Tm'. We subject our proposal to various consistency checks such as mass deformations and three-sphere partition functions checks. We observe that Tm is the S-duality wall of 4D N=2 SQCD. We also consider monopole-deformed theories with Chern-Simons couplings and their duals.
description: 40 pages, 4 figures
Spreading law on a completely wettable spherical substrate: The energy balance approach
Creators: name: Iwamatsu, Masao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spreading of a cap-shaped spherical droplet on a completely wettable spherical substrate is studied. The non-equilibrium thermodynamic formulation is used to derive the thermodynamic driving force of spreading including the line-tension effect. Then the energy balance approach is adopted to derive the evolution equation of the spreading droplet. The time evolution of the contact angle $θ$ of a droplet obeys a power law $θ\sim t^{-α}$ with the exponent $α$, which is different from that derived from Tanner's law on a flat substrate. Furthermore, the line tension must be positive to promote complete wetting on a spherical substrate, while it must be negative on a flat substrate.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, to be published in Physical Review E
Landau's theorem for slice regular functions on the quaternionic unit ball
Creators: name: Bisi, Cinzia
name: Stoppato, Caterina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30G35

description: Along with the development of the theory of slice regular functions over the real algebra of quaternions $\mathbb{H}$ during the last decade, some natural questions arose about slice regular functions on the open unit ball $\mathbb{B}$ in $\mathbb{H}$. This work establishes several new results in this context. Along with some useful estimates for slice regular self-maps of $\mathbb{B}$ fixing the origin, it establishes two variants of the quaternionic Schwarz-Pick lemma, specialized to maps $\mathbb{B}\to\mathbb{B}$ that are not injective. These results allow a full generalization to quaternions of two theorems proven by Landau for holomorphic self-maps $f$ of the complex unit disk with $f(0)=0$. Landau had computed, in terms of $a:=|f'(0)|$, a radius $ρ$ such that $f$ is injective at least in the disk $Δ(0,ρ)$ and such that the inclusion $f(Δ(0,ρ))\supseteqΔ(0,ρ^2)$ holds. The analogous result proven here for slice regular functions $\mathbb{B}\to\mathbb{B}$ allows a new approach to the study of Bloch-Landau-type properties of slice regular functions $\mathbb{B}\to\mathbb{H}$.
description: 22 pages, to appear in the International Journal of Mathematics
Magnetic excitations in a three-orbital model for the strongly spin-orbit coupled iridates: Effect of mixing between the J=1/2 and 3/2 sectors
Creators: name: Mohapatra, Shubhajyoti
name: Brink, Jeroen van den
name: Singh, Avinash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A three-orbital-model approach for studying spin wave excitations in the strongly spin-orbit coupled layered perovskite iridates is presented which provides a unified description of magnetic excitations as well as the electronic band structure. The calculated spin wave dispersions with realistic three-band parameters are in excellent agreement with the RIXS data for iridates, including the strong AF zone boundary dispersion in the single-layer compound $\rm Sr_2 Ir O_4$ and the large anisotropy gap in the bilayer compound $\rm Sr_3 Ir_2 O_7$. The RIXS spin wave data is shown to provide evidence of mixing between the J=1/2 and 3/2 sectors in both compounds.
description: 23 pages, 6 figures
Survival of Massive Star-forming Galaxies in Cluster Cores Drives Gas-Phase Metallicity Gradients : The Effects of Ram Pressure Stripping
Creators: name: Gupta, Anshu
name: Yuan, Tiantian
name: Martizzi, Davide
name: Tran, Kim-Vy H.
name: Kewley, Lisa J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations of galaxies in a cluster at z=0.35 show that their integrated gas-phase metallicities increase with decreasing cluster-centric distance. To test if ram pressure stripping (RPS) is the underlying cause, we use a semi-analytic model to quantify the "observational bias" that RPS introduces into the aperture-based metallicity measurements. We take integral field spectroscopy of local galaxies, remove gas from their outer galactic disks via RPS, and then conduct mock slit observations of cluster galaxies at z=0.35. Our RPS model predicts a typical cluster-scale metallicity gradient of -0.03 dex/Mpc. By removing gas from the outer galactic disks, RPS introduces a mean metallicity enhancement of +0.02 dex at a fixed stellar mass. This gas removal and subsequent quenching of star formation preferentially removes low mass cluster galaxies from the observed star-forming population. As only the more massive star-forming galaxies survive to reach the cluster core, RPS produces a cluster-scale stellar mass gradient of -0.05 log(M_*/M_sun)/Mpc. This mass segregation drives the predicted cluster-scale metallicity gradient of -0.03 dex/Mpc. However, the effects of RPS alone can not explain the higher metallicities measured in cluster galaxies at z=0.35. We hypothesize that additional mechanisms including steep internal metallicity gradients and self-enrichment due to gas strangulation are needed to reproduce our observations at z=0.35.
description: 17 pages, 21 figures, accepted for publication ApJ
Azimuthal asymmetries in QCD hard scattering: infrared safe but divergent
Creators: name: Catani, S.
name: Grazzini, M.
name: Sargsyan, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider high-mass systems of two or more particles that are produced by QCD hard scattering in hadronic collisions. We examine the azimuthal correlations between the system and one of its particles. We point out that the perturbative QCD computation of such azimuthal correlations and asymmetries can lead to divergent results at fixed perturbative orders. The fixed-order divergences affect basic (and infrared safe) quantities such as the total cross section at fixed (and arbitrary) values of the azimuthal-correlation angle $φ$. Examples of processes with fixed-order divergences are heavy-quark pair production, associated production of vector bosons and jets, dijet and diboson production. A noticeable exception is the production of high-mass lepton pairs through the Drell--Yan mechanism of quark-antiquark annihilation. However, even in the Drell--Yan process, fixed-order divergences arise in the computation of QED radiative corrections. We specify general conditions that produce the divergences by discussing their physical origin in fixed-order computations. We show lowest-order illustrative results for $\cos(nφ)$ asymmetries (with $n=1,2,4,6$) in top-quark pair production and associated production of a vector boson and a jet at the LHC. The divergences are removed by a proper all-order resummation procedure of the perturbative contributions. Resummation leads to azimuthal asymmetries that are finite and computable. We present first quantitative results of such a resummed computation for the $\cos(2φ)$ asymmetry in top-quark pair production at the LHC.
description: 43 pages, 5 eps figures
Racial and Ethnic Diversification Will Likely Shape U.S. Food Demand and Diet Quality
Creators: name: Dong, Diansheng
name: Stewart, Hayden
name: Dong, Diansheng
name: Stewart, Hayden
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Consumer/Household Economics
Crop Production/Industries
Demand and Price Analysis
Environmental Economics and Policy
Farm Management
Financial Economics
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Food Security and Poverty
Health Economics and Policy
Institutional and Behavioral Economics
Political Economy
Production Economics

description: The number of people who call the United States home continues to grow. Results from the most recent decennial census show that the U.S. population increased from about 309 million people in 2010 to about 331 million in 2020. Projections released by the U.S. Census Bureau put the United States on track to reach more than 400 million inhabitants by 2060. Foreign-born residents are forecast to account for about 17 percent of the total U.S. population in 2060, up from 14 percent in 2020. Native-born residents, including children of immigrants, are expected to account for 83 percent.
Episodic mass ejections from common-envelope objects
Creators: name: Clayton, Matthew
name: Podsiadlowski, Philipp
name: Ivanova, Natasha
name: Justham, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After the initial fast spiral-in phase experienced by a common-envelope binary, the system may enter a slow, self-regulated phase, possibly lasting 100s of years, in which all the energy released by orbital decay can be efficiently transported to the surface, where it is radiated away. If the remaining envelope is to be removed during this phase, this removal must occur through some as-yet-undetermined mechanism. We carried out 1-d hydrodynamic simulations of a low-mass red giant undergoing a synthetic common-envelope event in such a slow spiral-in phase, using the stellar evolutionary code MESA. We simulated the heating of the envelope due to frictional dissipation from a binary companion's orbit in multiple configurations and investigated the response of the giant's envelope. We find that our model envelopes become dynamically unstable and develop large-amplitude pulsations, with periods in the range 3-20 years and very short growth time-scales of similar order. The shocks and associated rebounds that emerge as these pulsations grow are in some cases strong enough to dynamically eject shells of matter of up to 0.1 $\mathrm{M}_{\odot}$, $\sim 10$ % of the mass of the envelope, from the stellar surface at above escape velocity. These ejections are seen to repeat within a few decades, leading to a time-averaged mass-loss rate of order $10^{-3}$ $\mathrm{M}_{\odot} \: \mathrm{yr}^{-1}$ which is sufficiently high to represent a candidate mechanism for removing the entire envelope over the duration of the slow spiral-in phase.
description: 24 pages, 15 figures. This article has been accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, published by Oxford University Press
Effective Analysis of C Programs by Rewriting Variability
Creators: name: Iosif-Lazar, Alexandru Florin
name: Melo, Jean
name: Dimovski, Aleksandar S.
name: Brabrand, Claus
name: Wasowski, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Context. Variability-intensive programs (program families) appear in many application areas and for many reasons today. Different family members, called variants, are derived by switching statically configurable options (features) on and off, while reuse of the common code is maximized. Inquiry. Verification of program families is challenging since the number of variants is exponential in the number of features. Existing single-program analysis and verification tools cannot be applied directly to program families, and designing and implementing the corresponding variability-aware versions is tedious and laborious. Approach. In this work, we propose a range of variability-related transformations for translating program families into single programs by replacing compile-time variability with run-time variability (non-determinism). The obtained transformed programs can be subsequently analyzed using the conventional off- the-shelf single-program analysis tools such as type checkers, symbolic executors, model checkers, and static analyzers. Knowledge. Our variability-related transformations are outcome-preserving, which means that the relation between the outcomes in the transformed single program and the union of outcomes of all variants derived from the original program family is equality. Grounding. We show our transformation rules and their correctness with respect to a minimal core imperative language IMP. Then, we discuss our experience of implementing and using the transformations for efficient and effective analysis and verification of real-world C program families. Importance. We report some interesting variability-related bugs that we discovered using various state-of-the-art single-program C verification tools, such as Frama-C, Clang, LLBMC.
description: The Art, Science, and Engineering of Programming, Vol. 1, Issue 1, Article 1
Halo Histories vs. Galaxy Properties at z=0, III: The Properties of Star-Forming Galaxies
Creators: name: Tinker, Jeremy L.
name: Hahn, ChangHoon
name: Mao, Yao-Yuan
name: Wetzel, Andrew R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure how the properties of star-forming central galaxies correlate with large-scale environment, $δ$, measured on $10$Mpc/h scales. We use group catalogs to isolate a robust sample of central galaxies with high purity and completeness. The properties we investigate are star formation rate (SFR), exponential disk scale length $R_{\rm exp}$, and Sersic index of the light profile, $n$. We find that, at all stellar masses, there is an inverse correlation between SFR and $δ$, meaning that above-average star forming centrals live in underdense regions. For $n$ and $R_{\rm exp}$, there is no correlation with $δ$ at $M_{\rm star}\lesssim 10^{10.5}$ $M_\odot$, but at higher masses there are positive correlations; a weak correlation with $R_{\rm exp}$ and a strong correlation with $n$. These data are evidence of assembly bias within the star-forming population. The results for SFR are consistent with a model in which SFR correlates with present-day halo accretion rate, $\dot{M}_h$. In this model, galaxies are assigned to halos using the abundance matching ansatz, which maps galaxy stellar mass onto halo mass. At fixed halo mass, SFR is assigned to galaxies using the same approach,but $\dot{M}_h$ is used to map onto SFR. The best-fit model requires some scatter in the $\dot{M}_h$-SFR relation. The $R_{\rm exp}$ and $n$ measurements are consistent with a model in which these quantities are correlated with the spin parameter of the halo, $λ$. Halo spin does not correlate with $δ$ at low halo masses, but for higher mass halos, high-spin halos live in higher density environments at fixed $M_h$. Put together with the earlier installments of this series, these data demonstrate that quenching processes have limited correlation with halo formation history, but the growth of active galaxies, as well as other detailed properties, are influenced by the details of halo assembly.
description: 13 pages, submitted to MNRAS