cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Improving the Volume Dependence of Two-Body Binding Energies Calculated with Lattice QCD
Creators: name: Davoudi, Zohreh
name: Savage, Martin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Volume modifications to the binding of two-body systems in large cubic volumes of extent L depend upon the total momentum and exponentially upon the ratio of L to the size of the boosted system. Recent work by Bour et al determined the momentum dependence of the leading volume modifications to nonrelativistic systems with periodic boundary conditions imposed on the single-particle wavefunctions, enabling them to numerically determine the scattering of such bound states using a low-energy effective field theory and Luscher's finite-volume method. The calculation of bound nuclear systems directly from QCD using Lattice QCD has begun, and it is important to reduce the systematic uncertainty introduced into such calculations by the finite spatial extent of the gauge-field configurations. We extend the work of Bour et al from nonrelativistic quantum mechanics to quantum field theory by generalizing the work of Luscher and of Gottlieb and Rummukainen to boosted two-body bound states. The volume modifications to binding energies can be exponentially reduced from ~ e^{-kappa L}/L to ~ e^{-2 kappa L}/L in nonrelativistic systems (where kappa is the binding momentum of the state) by forming particular combinations of the binding energies determined in the four lowest-lying boosted systems. Relativistic corrections to this combination, and others, that violate the exponential reduction are determined. An analysis of what can be expected from Lattice QCD calculations of the deuteron is performed, the results of which are representative of a generic loosely bound system.
description: 12 pages, 7 figs, v2 - typos fixed
Comparing methods for recovering genomic RNA from SARS-CoV-2 in municipal wastewater for molecular analysis
Creators: name: McCalder, Janine Alison
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Wastewater
subject: RT-qPCR
subject: SARS-CoV-2
subject: Wastewater-based surveillance
subject: Biology--Molecular
subject: Virology

description: SARS-CoV-2, an enveloped virus with a single stranded positive sense RNA genome (Baltimore class 4), is shed in the excreta (e.g., feces, sputum, urine) of people infected with the virus, resulting in the presence of viral genetic fragments in municipal wastewater. This RNA is quantifiable using wastewater-based surveillance (WBS) molecular biology and genomic methods. RNA extracted from wastewater can be assessed using RT-qPCR to track disease trends within populations of various sizes (e.g., whole city, neighbourhoods, hospitals, etc) in a non-invasive, unbiased, and highly inclusive way. Despite accelerated development and utilisation of WBS during the COVID-19 pandemic, many unknowns and challenges still confront this burgeoning field. Fundamental structural differences between enveloped SARS-CoV-2 and the majority of viruses in wastewater (e.g., non-enveloped enteric viruses) raise important questions about how previously established methods perform for this novel coronavirus. Establishing a reliable workflow for wastewater-based monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 requires a series of connected methods, including viral recovery from wastewater and downstream molecular and/or genomic analyses. Selecting the best possible components of an overall workflow requires method comparison and optimisation. In this study, several wastewater processing methods were assessed for the recovery of a bovine coronavirus surrogate, which has a similar structure to that of SARS-CoV-2, to establish an effective method for viral recovery from wastewater. This comparison revealed that ultrafiltration and direct extraction performed better than electronegative membrane filtration, which exhibited RT-qPCR gene abundance estimates an order of magnitude lower than the other two methods. Consequently, two validated workflows implementing ultrafiltration and direct extraction were then compared during a 29-month longitudinal analysis of SARS-CoV-2 quantification using RT-qPCR. Despite each workflow representing a distinct method for viral recovery, trends were similar with both methods indicating that consistent application of a given workflow, and not necessarily which workflow is used, is paramount in WBS. RNA extraction methods were furthermore compared using an amplicon-based sequencing strategy to assess the SARS-CoV-2 variant profiles in municipal wastewater samples. This comparison did not reveal significant differences in sequencing results between the two extraction strategies, but rather underscored the importance of wastewater sample handling and storage prior to genomic assessment.
Universal Programmable Quantum Circuit Schemes to Emulate an Operator
Creators: name: Daskin, Anmer
name: Grama, Ananth
name: Kollias, Giorgos
name: Kais, Sabre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Unlike fixed designs, programmable circuit designs support an infinite number of operators. The functionality of a programmable circuit can be altered by simply changing the angle values of the rotation gates in the circuit. Here, we present a new quantum circuit design technique resulting in two general programmable circuit schemes. The circuit schemes can be used to simulate any given operator by setting the angle values in the circuit. This provides a fixed circuit design whose angles are determined from the elements of the given matrix-which can be non-unitary-in an efficient way. We also give both the classical and quantum complexity analysis for these circuits and show that the circuits require a few classical computations. They have almost the same quantum complexities as non-general circuits. Since the presented circuit designs are independent from the matrix decomposition techniques and the global optimization processes used to find quantum circuits for a given operator, high accuracy simulations can be done for the unitary propagators of molecular Hamiltonians on quantum computers. As an example, we show how to build the circuit design for the hydrogen molecule.
description: combined with former arXiv:1207.1740
Cosmological perturbations of self-accelerating universe in nonlinear massive gravity
Creators: name: Gumrukcuoglu, A. Emir
name: Lin, Chunshan
name: Mukohyama, Shinji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study cosmological perturbations of self-accelerating universe solutions in the recently proposed nonlinear theory of massive gravity, with general matter content. While the broken diffeomorphism invariance implies that there generically are 2 tensor, 2 vector and 2 scalar degrees of freedom in the gravity sector, we find that the scalar and vector degrees have vanishing kinetic terms and nonzero mass terms. Depending on their nonlinear behavior, this indicates either nondynamical nature of these degrees or strong couplings. Assuming the former, we integrate out the 2 vector and 2 scalar degrees of freedom. We then find that in the scalar and vector sectors, gauge-invariant variables constructed from metric and matter perturbations have exactly the same quadratic action as in general relativity. The difference from general relativity arises only in the tensor sector, where the graviton mass modifies the dispersion relation of gravitational waves, with a time-dependent effective mass. This may lead to modification of stochastic gravitational wave spectrum.
description: 32 pages, 1 figure; v2: minor update to match the published version
The n-th prime asymptotically
Creators: name: de Reyna, Juan Arias
name: Jeremy, Toulisse
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A new derivation of the classic asymptotic expansion of the n-th prime is presented. A fast algorithm for the computation of its terms is also given, which will be an improvement of that by Salvy (1994). Realistic bounds for the error with $\li^{-1}(n)$, after having retained the first m terms, for $1\le m\le 11$, are given. Finally, assuming the Riemann Hypothesis, we give estimations of the best possible $r_3$ such that, for $n\ge r_3$, we have $p_n> s_3(n)$ where $s_3(n)$ is the sum of the first four terms of the asymptotic expansion.
XAI_Drought_Impacts
Creators: name: Zhang, Beichen
name: Abu Salem, Fatima K.
name: Hayes, Michael J.
name: Smith, Kelly Helm
name: Tadesse, Tsegaye
name: Wardlow, Brian D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Disaster and emergency management
Data engineering and data science
Machine learning not elsewhere classified

description: Datasets and demo scripts for the journal article Explainable Machine Learning Applications to Predict and Assess Complex Drought Impacts
Analytical, Dynamic Variable Game Theory Modelling, and Practical Investigations of the Sequential Tactics of Coursing and Tending in Bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis)
Creators: name: Tate, Ryan Geoffrey
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Sequential Strategy
subject: Fixed Sequence Tactics
subject: Bighorn Sheep
subject: Ovis canadensis
subject: Dynamic Variable Model
subject: Coursing
subject: Tending
subject: Hawk-Dove Game
subject: Transition Time
subject: Age
subject: Domiance
subject: Biostatistics
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Zoology

description: Animals might use different mating tactics to increase their fitness. While some are genetically determined, some are plastic, depending on intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Within the plastic tactics, there can be further temporal structure, in which animals switch tactics once they reach a certain size or competitive ability. This thesis reviews the literature on the terminologies, strategies versus tactics, used in evolutionary game theory, while also making suggestions on improving, standardizing, and clarifying the use of terminology. It then looks at fixed-sequence mating tactics, using an analytical model, to investigate the conditions under which a fixed-sequence tactic can evolve. Then, using a dynamic variable game theory model, the thesis examines various parameters affecting the likelihood of a mating tactic called coursing to involve challenging the dominant male, using another tactic, called tending. Finally, this thesis analyses a long-term data set on bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) to see how coursing effort affects coursing and later-in-life tending outcomes.
Study of Pi plus → e plus Nu e decay
Creators: name: Malbrunot, Chloé
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: The pion branching ratio (R^π = [formula omitted] ) is an auspicious observable for a test of the standard model of particle physics (SM). Rπ has been calculated within this framework with high precision because the strong interaction dynamics cancel out in the ratio and the structure dependence only appears through electroweak corrections. Since the discovery of the electronic pion decay in 1958, Rπ was measured with increasing precision and confirmed the SM value of RπSM = 1.2352(2) x 10⁻⁴. However, the current experimental precision is 20 times worse than the theoretical one leaving a large window for potential new physics at “high-mass" scales (up to ∽1000 TeV). The PIENU experiment aims at measuring Rπ with an improved precision by a factor larger than 5 over the previous experiment at TRIUMF (Rπexp = (1.2265 ± 0:0056) x 10⁻⁴) in order to confront the theoretical prediction at the 0.1% level. The result presented in this thesis focuses on a fraction of the data taken since the beginning of physics data taking in 2009. A blind analysis has been implemented in order to avoid a human bias. With this set of data, the procedure is established for the final analysis. An improvement by a factor 1.17, dominated by statistical uncertainty, has been reached in the branching ratio precision. If added to the current Particle Data Group value, the result of this analysis reduces the uncertainty on the branching ratio by ∽25%.
Digitales Publizieren. Bedingungen - Optionen - Empfehlungen
Creators: name: Stäcker, Thomas
name: Baum, Constanze
name: Kleineberg, Michael
name: Baillot, Anne
name: Kaden, Ben
name: Chen, Esther
name: Walkowski, Niels-Oliver
name: Schwaderer, Christian
name: Ernst, Thomas
name: Steyer, Timo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: DHd2016

description: Auf der DHd16 in Leipzig war die AG Digitales Publizieren mit einem Poster vertreten. Das Poster präsentierte zentrale Aspekte des erstellten Workingpapers und schuf damit die Basis für viele interessante Gespräche mit Tagungsteilnehmern/innen.
Für das Poster bekam die AG den zweiten Platz im Rahmen der Poster-Awards verliehen
Das Abstract zum Poster ist zu finden unter: http://www.dhd2016.de/abstracts/posters-005.html.
Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) infection in chickens: Some aspects of pathogenesis and diagnosis
Creators: name: Ishara Muhammadu Isham, Fathima
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV)
subject: Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay
subject: Digital PCR (dPCR) assay
subject: Maternal antibody
subject: Lymphoid organs
subject: Sex
subject: Virology
subject: Veterinary Science

description: Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) causes infectious bronchitis (IB) in chickens. IB has a significant impact on the poultry industry. Therefore, this thesis focuses on some aspects of pathogenesis and diagnosis of IBV in chickens. The quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) technique is used for the detection and quantification of IBV genome load. In this thesis, performance characteristics of the digital PCR (dPCR) technique were compared to qPCR assay for the detection and quantification of IBV genome loads. The dPCR assay had higher assay sensitivity and precision than qPCR assay. Hence, dPCR is a better technique to detect and quantify IBV genome load. In this thesis, we further aimed to evaluate the impact of the presence of maternal antibodies on IBV infection in primary and secondary lymphoid organs. The IBV genome load and histopathological lesion scores were significantly lower in progenies from vaccinated hens compared to progenies from non-vaccinated hens in oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs and in bursa of Fabricius (BF) and cecal tonsils (CT). These findings suggest that the presence of maternal antibody in progeny could provide some degree of protection against IBV infection in BF and CT. In this study we aimed to compare IBV pathogenesis and host immune responses in young male and female chickens. No significant difference was observed between the infected male and female chickens in the IBV shedding, IBV genome load in trachea, lung, kidney, BF, thymus, spleen, and CT and in the IBV-induced lesion in all the tissues. A significantly higher percentage of IBV immune-positive area was observed in the infected male chickens compared to female chickens in kidney. There was no significant difference between infected male and female chickens in all the tissues in the B lymphocytes percentage and in all tissues except trachea in the percentage of cluster of differentiation 8 positive (CD8+) T cells, where female chickens had a higher recruitment when compared to male chickens. Most of the findings of this study suggest that the sex of the chickens does not play a significant role in the pathogenesis of IBV and the host immune response in young chickens.
Color-neutral heavy particle production in nucleus-nucleus collisions in the quasi-classical approximation
Creators: name: Liou, Tseh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a diagrammatic approach to study color-neutral heavy particle production in nucleus-nucleus collisions in a quasi-classical approximation without small-$x$ evolution. In order to treat the two nuclei symmetrically, we use the Coulomb gauge which gives the appropriate light cone gauge for each nucleus. The resulting cross section is factorized into a product of two Weizsäcker-Williams gluon distributions of the two nuclei when the transverse momentum of the produced scalar particle is around the saturation momentum. We confirm our results in covariant gauge where the transverse momentum broadening of hard gluons can be described as a diffusion process. The transverse momentum factorization manifests itself in light cone gauge but not so clearly in covariant gauge.
description: 25 pages, 29 figures, v2: extended and improved discussion, a new appendix and references added
Exploring Travel Behavior and Activity Patterns using Urban Transit Mobility Sensing Data
Creators: name: Aminpour, Nima
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Activity pattern
subject: Topic modeling
subject: Transit smart card
subject: Engineering

description: In this study, we employ a probabilistic topic modeling algorithm, known as Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), to autonomously deduce the purposes of trips based on activity characteristics extracted from smart card transit data. While the majority of existing literature has primarily concentrated on identifying patterns related to home and work-related activities, our research delves deeper into the realm of non-home and non-work activities, aiming to uncover distinctive patterns associated with a more granular spectrum of activities. Temporal attributes of activities are derived from trip data recorded by the Tehran subway's automatic fare collection system. Furthermore, we enrich the spatial attributes of non-home and non-work activities by incorporating land-use data. Multiple activity attributes, including start time, duration, frequency, and land-use information, are harnessed to infer activity purposes and patterns. Our analysis uncovers 14 distinct patterns associated with non-commuting activities, based on their temporal and spatial characteristics. These patterns encompass educational, recreational, commercial, health, and other service-related activity types. To gain further insights, we analyze changes in passenger trip patterns and behaviors before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, with a specific focus on non-home and non-work-related activities. Our investigation reveals significant alterations in these patterns. For instance, we observe a reduction in both the number and duration of recreational patterns, alongside the elimination of morning patterns in educational activities. Moreover, the number of commercial activities has decreased. The proposed model effectively captures shifts in travel behavior triggered by various disruptions, making use of smart card transit data. This capacity holds the potential to facilitate travel demand modeling, inform future planning and system management, and enable more adaptive decision-making processes.
Library programming in undergraduate 'Ready for Research' badge: Reflections from librarians and students
Creators: name: Murphy, James E.
name: Chiang, Bronte
name: Flanagan, Kyla
name: Stewart, Rachel
Publisher: name: Libraries & Cultural Resources
Year: 2023

description: Conference Poster, ISSOTL 2023 Annual Conference, Utrecht Netherlands
description: Librarian involvement in post-secondary teaching and learning programming depends greatly on institutional context. Librarians and SoTL scholars have much in common, with librarians focusing on how students interact with the information they encounter in their academic activities. How do librarians perceive their contributions to undergraduate teaching and learning outside course-integrated instruction? And how do students respond to the information literacy skills librarians aim to impart? This year saw the launch of a micro-credential badge at University of Calgary aimed to prepare undergraduate students to be ready to engage in research activities. Organized and facilitated by the Taylor Institute for Teaching and Learning, the pilot year involved a significant presence of workshops from librarians and library staff. This presentation: (1) showcases the context leading to this collaboration and (2) highlights survey feedback and reflections from both librarians teaching and students learning in the program.
Variable group delay in a metamaterial with field-gradient-induced transparency
Creators: name: Tamayama, Yasuhiro
name: Nakanishi, Toshihiro
name: Kitano, Masao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We realize variable control of the group delay in an electromagnetically induced transparency-like metamaterial. Its unit cell is designed to have a bright mode and a dark mode. The coupling strength between these two modes is determined by the electromagnetic field gradient. In this metamaterial with field-gradient-induced transparency, the group delay at the transparency frequency can be varied by varying the incident angle of the electromagnetic plane waves. By tilting a single layer of the metamaterial, the group delay of a microwave pulse can be varied between 0.50 and 1.85 ns.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
Electronic Structure of Heavy Fermion Uranium Compounds Studied by Core-Level Photoelectron Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Fujimori, Shin-ichi
name: Ohkochi, Takuo
name: Kawasaki, Ikuto
name: Yasui, Akira
name: Takeda, Yukiharu
name: Okane, Tetsuo
name: Saitoh, Yuji
name: Fujimori, Atsushi
name: Yamagami, Hiroshi
name: Haga, Yoshinori
name: Yamamoto, Etsuji
name: Tokiwa, Yoshifumi
name: Ikeda, Shugo
name: Sugai, Takashi
name: Ohkuni, Hitoshi
name: Kimura, Noriaki
name: Onuki, Yoshichika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-energy-resolution core-level and valence-band photoelectron spectroscopic studies were performed for the heavy Fermion uranium compounds UGe2, UCoGe, URhGe, URu2Si2, UNi2Al3, UPd2Al3, and UPt3 as well as typical localized and itinerant uranium compounds to understand the relationship between the uranium valence state and their core-level spectral line shapes. In addition to the main line and high-binding energy satellite structure recognized in the core-level spectra of uranium compounds, a shoulder structure on the lower binding energy side of the main lines of localized and nearly localized uranium compounds was also found. The spectral line shapes show a systematic variation depending on the U 5f electronic structure. The core-level spectra of UGe2, UCoGe, URhGe, URu2Si2, and UNi2Al3 are rather similar to those of itinerant compounds, suggesting that U 5f electrons in these compounds are well hybridized with ligand states. On the other hand, the core-level spectra of UPd2Al3 and UPt3 show considerably different spectral line shapes from those of the itinerant compounds, suggesting that U 5f electrons in UPd2Al3 and UPt3 are less hybridized with ligand states, leading to the correlated nature of U 5f electrons in these compounds. The dominant final state characters in their core-level spectra suggest that the numbers of 5f electrons in UGe2, UCoGe, URhGe, URu2Si2, UNi2Al3, and UPd2Al3 are close to but less than three, while that of UPt3 is close to two rather than to three.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. (in press)
Additional file 5 of Glycemic control and neonatal outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus treated using glyburide, metformin, or insulin: a pairwise and network meta-analysis
Creators: name: Yu, Dan-Qing
name: Xu, Guan-Xin
name: Teng, Xin-Yuan
name: Xu, Jing-Wei
name: Tang, Liang-Fang
name: Feng, Chun
name: Rao, Jin-Peng
name: Jin, Min
name: Wang, Li-Quan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biochemistry
Medicine
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 5: Supplementary Fig. 4. Pairwise meta-analysis of FBG.
Advanced MRI methods for probing disease severity and functional decline in multiple sclerosis
Creators: name: Oladosu, Olayinka Adeoluwa
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Multiple Sclerosis
subject: Diffusion MRI
subject: Texture Analysis
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Radiology

description: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic and severe disease of the central nervous system characterized by complex pathology including inflammatory demyelination and neurodegeneration. MS impacts >2.8 million people worldwide, with most starting with a relapsing-remitting form (RRMS) in young adulthood, and many of them worsening to a secondary-progressive course (SPMS) despite treatment. So, there is a clear need for improved disease characterization. MRI is an ideal tool for non-invasive assessment of MS pathology, but there is still no established measure of disease activity and functional consequences. This project aims to overcome the challenge by developing novel imaging measures based on brain diffusion MRI and phase congruency texture analysis of conventional MRI. Through advanced modeling and analysis of clinically feasible brain MRI, this thesis investigates whether and how the derived measures differentiate MS pathology types and disease severity and predict functional outcomes in MS. The overall process has led to important technical innovations in several aspects. These include: innovative modeling of simple diffusion acquisitions to generate high angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI) measures; new optimization and harmonization techniques for diffusion MRI; innovative neural network models to create new diffusion data for comprehensive HARDI modeling; and novel methods and a graphic user interface for optimizing phase congruency analyses. Assisted by different machine learning methods, collective findings show that advanced measures from both diffusion MRI and phase congruency are highly sensitive to subtle differences in MS pathology, which differentiate disease severity between RRMS and SPMS through multi-dimensional analyses including chronic active lesions, and predict functional outcomes especially in physical and neurocognitive domains. These results are clinically translational and the new measures and techniques can help improve the evaluation and management of both MS and similar diseases.
On the origin of planets at very wide orbits from the re-capture of free floating planets
Creators: name: Perets, Hagai B.
name: Kouwenhoven, M. B. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years several planets have been discovered at wide orbits (>100 AU) around their host stars. Theoretical studies encounter difficulties in explaining their formation and origin. Here we propose a novel scenario for the production of planetary systems at such orbits, through the dynamical recapture of free floating planets (FFPs) in dispersing stellar clusters. This process is a natural extension of the recently suggested scenario for the formation of wide stellar binaries. We use N-body simulations of dispersing clusters with 10-1000 stars and comparable numbers of FFPs to study this process. We find that planets are captured into wide orbits in the typical range ~100-10^6 AU, and have a wide range of eccentricities (thermal distribution). Typically, 3-6 x (f_FFP/1) % of all stars capture a planetary companion with such properties (where f_FFP is the number of FFP per star). The planetary capture efficiency is comparable to that of capture-formed stellar-binaries, and shows a similar dependence on the cluster size and structure. It is almost independent of the specific planetary mass; planets as well as sub-stellar companions of any mass can be captured. The capture efficiency decreases with increasing cluster size, and for a given cluster size the it increases with the host/primary mass. More than one planet can be captured around the same host and planets can be captured into binary systems. Planets can also be captured into pre-existing planetary and into orbits around black holes and massive white dwarfs, if these formed early enough before the cluster dispersal. In particular, stellar black holes have a high capture efficiency (>50 % and 5-10 x (f_FFP/1) % for capture of stars and planetary companions, respectively) due to their large mass. Finally, although rare, two FFPs or brown dwarfs can become bound and form a FFP-binary system with no stellar host.
description: ApJ, in press. Added two figures
School Leadership and Ghana’s Free Senior High School Policy: A Case Study
Creators: name: Adzroe, Jones
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Educational Leadership
subject: School Governance
subject: Fee-free Senior High School
subject: Policy
subject: School Management and Administration
subject: Sustainable Leadership
subject: Distributed Leadership
subject: Equitable Leadership
subject: Dimensional Leadership
subject: Ghana's Free Senior High School Policy
subject: Education

description: School administration under the implementation of Ghana’s Free Senior High School policy has faced several leadership and governance challenges since the inception of the policy. This thesis explores the dynamic interplay between school leadership and Ghana's fee-free educational policy. The policy presents a transformative opportunity for the nation's educational system. However, the effective implementation of such a policy necessitates adept and innovative school leadership. This study explores the leadership strategies, challenges, and impact on governance in Ghanaian secondary schools. The findings of this study reveal that effective school leadership plays a pivotal role in maximizing the full benefits of the policy. It encompasses the ability to foster a positive school culture, provide instructional leadership, and navigate the complexities of policy implementation. Challenges and complexities related to resource allocation, remaining inequities, and stakeholder engagement are examined in-depth. This thesis also underscores the importance of proactive and adaptive school leadership principles in addressing the implementation challenges and capitalizing on the opportunities presented by the policy to improve the leadership practices of school leaders. Furthermore, it highlights the potential of effective leadership to enhance the quality of education, promote inclusivity, and ultimately contribute to the broader socio-economic development of Ghana. By shedding light on the critical nexus between school leadership and educational policy in Ghana, and the implications for educational policymaking and leadership practices in other developing nations facing similar challenges and opportunities in expanding access to quality education.
Tipula coxitalis Alexander 1935
Creators: name: Men, Qiulei
name: Xue, Guoxi
name: Wang, Fang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tipulidae
Tipula
Tipula coxitalis

description: 3.3 Tipula coxitalis Alexander, 1935 (Figs 3, 24–29) Tipula (Oreomyza) coxitalis Alexander, 1935, 56: 532. Diagnosis. Antenna with scape, pedicel and first flagellomere yellow, flagellomeres two to four bicolored, black basally and yellow apically, rest of flagellomeres uniformly black (Fig. 24); prescutum gray with three brownish gray stripes, scutum yellowish brown, each lobe with two pale brown areas (Fig. 3); wing obscure brown with dark stigma, R 1+2 entire, petiole of cell M 1 distinctly shorter than discal cell (Fig. 24); abdominal tergites with indistinct lateral and median dark stripes (Fig. 24), hypopygium brownish black. Redescription of hypopygium. Tergite nine medially separated, protruding into a pair of horn-shaped processes in lateral angles, a pair of angular arms arising from the ventral surface of tergite nine, the arm with a truncated process directed inward (Fig. 25); sternite nine with caudal margin rounded, ventral surface bearing two strands of long hairs (Fig. 26); gonocoxite elongate, separated from sternite nine, gradually narrowed to apex, paliform apically, a finger-like process generated from base of gonocoxite in ventral view (Fig. 26); outer gonostylus narrow, filiform (Fig. 27); inner gonostylus equipped with black beak at apex, with two narrowed processes at dorsal margin (Fig. 27). Semen pump with compressor apodeme V-shaped, forming a 90° angle with posterior immovable apodeme (Figs 28–29). Posterior immovable apodeme shorter than compressor apodeme, gradually narrowed to apex in lateral view (Fig. 29). Anterior immovable apodeme equal in length to posterior immovable apodeme, gradually narrowed to terminus (Fig. 29). Aedeagus tubular and elongated, 2.5 times longer than semen pump, acute apically. Material examined. 2♂, Anhui Province, Mountain Huang, Hougu, 25 May 2012; 1♂, Anhui Province, Mountain Huang, Hougu, 1 June 2013; 2♂ 3♀, Anhui Province, Mountain Huang, Hougu (30°03'N, 118°07'E; elev. 413 m), 5 June 2014, coll. Qiulei Men. Distribution. China (Anhui, Taiwan).
description: Published as part of Men, Qiulei, Xue, Guoxi & Wang, Fang, 2016, Taxonomy on crane flies from Mountain Huang, China, with descriptions of two new species (Diptera: Tipulidae), pp. 89-101 in Zoological Systematics 41 (1) on page 94, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201606, http://zenodo.org/record/5366744
description: {"references": ["Alexander, C. P. 1935. New or little-known Tipulidae from eastern Asia (Diptera). XXIV. Philippine Journal of Science, 56: 525 - 562."]}
Evaluation of regional on-farm variety trials in Eastern and Southern Africa 2011
Creators: name: P. S. Setimela
name: J. MacRobert
name: G. N. Atlin
name: C. Magorokosho
name: A. Tarekegne
name: D. Makumbi
Publisher: name: Gates Open Research
Year: 2019

description: Evaluation of regional on-farm variety trials in Eastern and Southern Africa 2011
Vortex images on Ba{1-x}KxFe2As2 observed directly by the magnetic force microscopy
Creators: name: Yang, Huan
name: Shen, Bing
name: Wang, Zhenyu
name: Shan, Lei
name: Ren, Cong
name: Wen, Hai-Hu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The vortex states on optimally doped Ba0.6K0.4Fe2As2 and underdoped Ba0.77K0.23Fe2As2 single crystals are imaged by magnetic force microscopy at various magnetic fields below 100 Oe. Local triangular vortex clusters are observed in optimally doped samples. The vortices are more ordered than those in Ba(Fe{1-x}Co{x})2As2, and the calculated pinning force per unit length is about 1 order of magnitude weaker than that in optimally Co-doped 122 at the same magnetic field, indicating that the Co doping at the Fe sites induces stronger pinning. The proportion of six-neighbored vortices to the total amount increases quickly with increasing magnetic field, and the estimated value reaches 100% at several tesla. Vortex chains are also found in some local regions, which enhance the pinning force as well as the critical current density. Lines of vortex chains are observed in underdoped samples, and they may have originated from the strong pinning near the twin boundaries arising from the structural transition.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures
The gatekeeping role of the Office of the Solicitor General at the certiorari stage
Creators: name: Bird, Christine Catherine
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Solicitor General
Supreme Court
Office of the Solicitor General
Certiorari
Agenda setting

description: The Office of the Solicitor General (OSG) is a key repeat player in the U.S. Supreme Court decision-making process. It maintains a storied co-dependent relationship with the Supreme Court and is the most successful litigant at the merits stage in appellate litigation. Yet, we understand very little about the OSG’s role in the policy making process at the agenda-setting stage. In this dissertation, I seek to add to the discussion of agenda setting and organizational influence in judicial policymaking. Instead of considering the appointed head of the Office, the Solicitor General, I dig deeper into how the full bureaucratic entity behaves in the context of a broader policy process. I present evidence that the OSG’s most consequential role is not at the merits stage, but as an organizational entity talented and empowered to gatekeep access to the Supreme Court. I employ a novel dataset I collected and coded of more than 2,500 certiorari-stage cases involving the Office of the Solicitor General between the 1999 and 2019 terms. I leverage a secondary text as data dataset from cert-stage briefs filed by the Office of the Solicitor General and its opponents. I show the Office of the Solicitor General is extraordinarily successful at keeping cases off of the Supreme Court’s docket. I show evidence of the OSG’s concerted efforts to convince the Supreme Court to deny access (and quickly) to its substantive docket when the request for review disrupts the government’s legal and policy goals. I show the Office of the Solicitor General, due to its high case load and its privileged position with the Supreme Court, develops a process to strategically prioritizes its effort in cert-cases with highly sophisticated opponents and/or in issue areas central to its institutional agenda. Ultimately, I demonstrate the Office of the Solicitor General manages its role as an institutional political entrepreneur by prioritizing a defensive legal strategy and works to gatekeep access to the Supreme Court’s agenda.
On proximity detection systems for pico-projectors
Creators: name: Buckley, Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been suggested that proximity detection systems could potentially be beneficial in increasing the eye-safe luminous flux of laser-based picoprojectors. In this letter it is shown that, whilst the benefit for LCOS-based systems could be significant, the impact upon scanned-beam projectors is far smaller.
Additional file 6 of Glycemic control and neonatal outcomes in women with gestational diabetes mellitus treated using glyburide, metformin, or insulin: a pairwise and network meta-analysis
Creators: name: Yu, Dan-Qing
name: Xu, Guan-Xin
name: Teng, Xin-Yuan
name: Xu, Jing-Wei
name: Tang, Liang-Fang
name: Feng, Chun
name: Rao, Jin-Peng
name: Jin, Min
name: Wang, Li-Quan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biochemistry
Medicine
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 6: Supplementary Table 5. Pairwise meta-analysis of FBG after removal studies with imbalanced baseline blood glucose.
A poetic defiance : the birth of women’s poetry in Iran
Creators: name: Amoozegar-Fassie, Farzad
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: This thesis examines the concept of “motherhood” in the works of renowned Iranian poet Parvin E’tesami (1907-1941). E’tesami’s poetry bequeaths inspiration to Iranian women who search and have searched for the possibilities of revealing their true selves in the face of oppressive cultural practices and political machinations. E’tesami was one of the first poets in the recent history of Iran to advocate an equal and empowered place for women. Through the concept of “motherhood,” she probed female identity, emphasizing and endorsing women’s fostering position, maternal instincts and unique nurturing capabilities. E’tesami expanded the consciousness of a vast number of Iranians by illuminating the roles of women in the political, social and religious spheres. She depicted the female essence through biology and natural characteristics, but at the same time her verse embraced the seemingly contrasting idea of the social construction of women. The notion of “motherhood” in E’tesami’s poems offers Iranian women the foundation for a common voice or a collective goal, but also stimulates the inward—individualized—revitalization of the autonomous self for each reader based on personal beliefs and aspirations. By reconstructing the normative practices of motherhood, E’tesami’s poems generate awareness that helps redraw female consciousness and thereby initiate agency, helping women become agents of resistance who challenge the dominating powers. E’tesami produced a poetic language that is personal and realistic, juxtaposing the uproar of an artist with the anguish of Iranian women. This humanist and feminist approach to poetry introduces readers to liberal themes that challenge social and religious ideals through direct and specific examples of mothers’/women’s positions in Iran.
Genetic dissection of immunoregulatory cell networks in models of CNS autoimmunity
Creators: name: Clarke, Robert Kenneth
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: TR1 cells
subject: Nanoparticle therapy
subject: pMHC-nanoparticles
subject: Central nervous system autoimmunity
subject: Autoimmune disease
subject: Immunoregulatory cell networks
subject: Tissue repair
subject: Suppression of inflammation
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: The Santamaria lab has extensively studied the effects of a nanoparticle-based therapeutic approach for autoimmunity, involving the systemic administration of peptide/major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) class II-coated iron oxide nanoparticles (pMHCII-NPs). Therapeutic activity of pMHCII-NPs has been validated across a series of pre-clinical animal models of autoimmune disease. pMHCII-NP therapy targets pathogenic antigen-experienced auto-reactive T cells specific for an autoimmune disease-relevant epitope, resulting in proliferation and re-programming of these T cells into a suppressive subset that can blunt disease. Previous investigations on the pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic and therapeutic activities of pMHCII-NP have shown that the expanded population of cognate antigen-specific cells acquires a TR1 phenotype. Secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines by these TR1 cells, as well as generation of additional downstream cellular effectors of immunoregulation have been previously implicated. However, the relative contribution and individual role of each of these mediators to the total therapeutic activity of pMHCII-NP remained unknown. To answer these questions, we dissected the pMHCII-NP-induced regulatory cell network using a genetic conditional knockout approach in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model. We hypothesized that pMHCII-NPs treatment triggers the formation of a complex immunoregulatory cell pathway that involves multiple immune and possibly non-immune cell subsets that collectively contribute to the suppression of autoimmunity by inducing bystander immunoregulation and tissue repair. The results presented in this thesis have helped clarify multiple aspects of pMHCII-NP-induced immunoregulatory cell networks. We have delineated the main cellular sources of suppressive cytokines as well as some of their downstream cellular targets. In addition, we have described a novel subset of pMHCII-NP-cognate TR1 cells and its contribution to the therapeutic effect. Bystander suppression in a non-antigen-specific manner has also been described, and the mechanism by which pMHCII-NPs induce tissue repair has also been characterized. Collectively, these studies have further confirmed that pMHCII-NP’s therapeutic effect requires the formation of a complex antigen-specific regulatory cell network and identified the respective contribution of some of the molecular mediators involved in the suppression of inflammation. We have also proven that bystander immunoregulation can be achieved by targeting disease-irrelevant bacterial antigens and delineated a pMHCII-NP-induced active tissue repair mechanism.
Tipulodina xyris
Creators: name: Men, Qiulei
name: Xue, Guoxi
name: Wang, Fang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tipulidae
Tipulodina
Tipulodina xyris

description: 3.4 Tipulodina xyris (Alexander, 1949) (Figs 4, 30–36) Tipula (Tipulodina) xyris Alexander, 1949, 2: 523. Diagnosis. Antenna relatively long, beyond the caudal margin of second abdominal segment, scape and pedicel yellowish, flagellum grayish brown with brown expanded base (Fig. 30). Prescutum grayish brown with three brown stripes (Fig. 4). Scutum, scutellum and postnotum grayish brown. Wings whitish and transparent, wing tip and stigma black (Fig. 30). Abdominal tergites grayish brown, sternites grayish (Fig. 30). Redescription of hypopygium. Ninth tergite transverse, slightly concaved on caudal margin, with a pair of conical processes arising from the middle area (Fig. 31). Sternite nine broad with a straight ventral margin in lateral view, the hind margin deeply concaved in ventral view (Figs 32–33). Sternite eight extended caudad (Fig. 32). Outer gonostylus broadly triangular, widened medially (Figs 31–32, 34). Inner gonostylus narrowed to the tip, rod-shaped and bearing an irregular process on lateral margin (Figs 31–34). Appendages of gonocoxite possessing a slender black rod and a hairy lobe, the rod equipped with many small black setae on apex and with many black teeth on lateral margin (Fig. 34). Semen pump with compressor apodeme fan-shaped, forming a 60° angle with posterior immovable apodeme (Figs 35–36). Posterior immovable apodeme slightly longer than compressor apodeme, curved dorsally in lateral view (Fig. 36). Anterior immovable apodeme very short, not connected apically. Aedeagus tubular and elongated, more than two times longer than semen pump, acute apically (Fig. 36). Material examined. 1♂, Anhui Province, Mountain Huang, Hougu (30°03'N, 118°07'E; elev. 413 m), 8 June 2014, coll. Qiulei Men. Distribution. China (Anhui, Fujian).
description: Published as part of Men, Qiulei, Xue, Guoxi & Wang, Fang, 2016, Taxonomy on crane flies from Mountain Huang, China, with descriptions of two new species (Diptera: Tipulidae), pp. 89-101 in Zoological Systematics 41 (1) on page 94, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201606, http://zenodo.org/record/5366744
description: {"references": ["Alexander, C. P. 1949. New or little-known Tipulidae (Diptera). LXXXV. Oriental-Australasian species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 2: 512 - 538."]}
High fidelity quantum gates via analytically solvable pulses
Creators: name: Economou, Sophia E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that a family of analytically solvable pulses can be used to obtain high fidelity quantum phase gates with surprising robustness against imperfections in the system or pulse parameters. Phase gates are important because they can implement the necessary operations for universal quantum computing. They are particularly suited for systems such as self-assembled quantum dots, trapped ions, and defects in solids, as these are typically manipulated by the transient excitation of a state outside the qubit subspace.
description: Typo in Eq. 1 corrected from previous version