cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Inter-tumor genomic heterogeneity of breast cancers: comprehensive genomic profile of primary early breast cancers and relapses
Creators: name: Fumagalli, Caterina
name: Ranghiero, Alberto
name: Gandini, Sara
name: Corso, Federica
name: Taormina, Sergio
name: Camilli, Elisa De
name: Rappa, Alessandra
name: Vacirca, Davide
name: Viale, Giuseppe
name: Guerini-Rocco, Elena
name: Barberis, Massimo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1.docx: Genes and type of alterations investigated in both FoundationOne and Oncomine Comprehensive Assay panels.
Stabilizing shallow color centers in diamond created by nitrogen delta-doping using SF$_6$ plasma treatment
Creators: name: Osterkamp, Christian
name: Lang, Johannes
name: Scharpf, Jochen
name: McGuinness, Christoph Müller Liam Paul
name: Diemant, Thomas
name: Behm, R. J.
name: Naydenov, Boris
name: Jelezko, Fedor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we report the fabrication of stable, shallow (< 5 nm) nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond by nitrogen delta doping at the last stage of the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) growth process. The NVs are stabilized after treating the diamond in $SF_6$ plasma, otherwise the color centers are not observed, suggesting a strong influence from the surface. X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements show the presence of only fluorine atoms on the surface, in contrast to previous studies, and suggests very good surface coverage. We managed to detect hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance signal from protons in the immersion oil, revealing a depth of the NVs of about 5 nm
description: This is the version submitted to APL. The published version has some minor changes
Charging Kerr-Schild spacetimes in higher dimensions
Creators: name: Ortaggio, Marcello
name: Srinivasan, Aravindhan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study higher dimensional charged Kerr-Schild (KS) spacetimes that can be constructed by a KS transformation of a vacuum solution with an arbitrary cosmological constant, and for which the vector potential is aligned with the KS vector $\mathbf{k}$. Focusing on the case of an expanding $\mathbf{k}$, we first characterize the presence of shear as an obstruction to non-null fields (thereby extending an early no-go result of Myers and Perry). We next obtain the complete family of shearfree solutions. In the twistfree case, they coincide with charged Schwarzschild-Tangherlini-like black holes. Solutions with a twisting $\mathbf{k}$ consist of a four-parameter family of higher dimensional charged Taub-NUT metrics with a base space of constant holomorphic sectional curvature. In passing, we identify the configurations for which the test-field limit gives rise to instances of the KS double copy. Finally, it is shown that null fields define a branch of twistfree but shearing solutions, exemplified by the product of a Vaidya-like radiating spacetime with an extra dimension.
description: 30 pages. v2: typos fixed, new footnote 6, appendix A extended to the 4D hyperbolic and planar cases, example of an odd-dimensional vacuuum NUT (with non-Einstein base) added in appendix C, removed an incorrect statement about the 4D case in appendix D, refs. added (main results unchanged)
Algebraic structures with unbounded Chern numbers
Creators: name: Schreieder, Stefan
name: Tasin, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32Q55, 57R20, 14J99, 57R77

description: We determine all Chern numbers of smooth complex projective varieties of dimension at least four which are determined up to finite ambiguity by the underlying smooth manifold. We also give an upper bound on the dimension of the space of linear combinations of Chern numbers with that property and prove its optimality in dimension four.
description: 15 pages; final version, to appear in Journal of Topology
Thermodynamic and electronic properties of a tight-binding lattice-gas model
Creators: name: Chacón, E
name: Hernandez, J P
name: Tarazona, P
name: Reinaldo-Falagán, M
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1997

description: Thermodynamic and electronic properties are obtained for a lattice-gas model fluid with self-consistent, partial, occupation of its sites; the self consistency consists in obtaining ionic configurations from grand-canonical Monte Carlo simulations based on fits to the exact, electronic, tight-binding energies of isothermal ensembles of those same ionic configurations. The energy of an ion is found to be a concave-up function of its local coordination. Liquid-vapor coexistence densities and the electrical conductivity, which shows a metal-nonmetal transition, have been obtained.
Zero Metallicity with Zero CPU Hours: Masses of the First Stars on the Laptop
Creators: name: Gurian, James
name: Jeong, Donghui
name: Liu, Boyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop an analytic model for the mass of the first stars forming in the center of primordial gas clouds as a function of host halo mass, redshift, and degree of rotation. The model is based on the estimation of key timescales determining the following three processes: the collapse of the gas cloud, the accretion onto the protostellar core, and the radiative feedback of the protostellar core. The final stellar mass is determined by the total mass accreted until the radiative feedback halts the accretion. The analytic estimation, motivated by the result of the full numerical simulations, leads to algebraic expressions allowing an extremely fast execution. Despite its simplicity, the model reproduces the stellar mass scale and its parameter dependences observed in state-of-the-art cosmological zoom-in simulations. This work clarifies the basic physical principles undergirding such numerical treatments and provides a path to efficiently calibrating numerical predictions against eventual observations of the first stars.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures; accepted at ApJ
Loading loss-cone distributions in particle simulations
Creators: name: Zenitani, Seiji
name: Nakano, Shin'ya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical procedures to generate random variates that follow loss-cone velocity distributions in particle simulations are presented. We propose a simple summation algorithm for the Ashour-Abdalla--Kennel-type loss-cone distribution, also known as the subtracted Maxwellian. For the Dory-type loss-cone distribution, we use a random variate for the gamma distribution. Extending earlier algorithms for the kappa and Dory-type distributions, we construct a novel algorithm to generate a popular form of a kappa loss-cone distribution. To better express the loss cone, we discuss another family of loss-cone distributions based on the pitch angle. In addition to the acceptance-rejection method, we propose two transformation algorithms that convert an isotropic distribution into a loss-cone distribution. This allows us to generate loss-cone and kappa loss-cone distributions from the Maxwell and kappa distributions.
description: To appear in JGR Space Physics; Jupyter notebook is attached to the gzipped tar file in the "Other formats" link
The partition function and level density for Yang–Mills–Higgs quantum mechanics
Creators: name: Ng, Y Jack
name: Matinyan, S G
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: We calculate the partition function Z(t) and the asymptotic integrated level density N(E) for Yang-Mills-Higgs Quantum Mechanics for two and three dimensions (n = 2, 3). Due to the infinite volume of the phase space Γ on energy shell for n = 2, it is not possible to disentangle completely the coupled oscillators (x2y2-model) from the Higgs sector. The situation is different for n = 3 for which Γ is finite. The transition from order to chaos in these systems is expressed by the corresponding transitions in Z(t) and N(E), analogous to the transitions in adjacent level spacing distribution from Poisson distribution to Wigner-Dyson distribution. We also discuss a related system with quartic coupled oscillators and two dimensional quartic free oscillators for which, contrary to YMHQM, both coupling constants are dimensionless.
When performance gets personal: Towards a theory of performance-based identity
Creators: name: Walker, Benjamin
name: Caprar, Dan V
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: No description supplied
Light induced magnetization in a spin S=1 easy-plane antiferromagnetic chain
Creators: name: Herbrych, J.
name: Zotos, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The time evolution of magnetization induced by circularly polarized light in a $S=1$ Heisenberg chain with large, easy--plane anisotropy is studied numerically and analytically. Results at constant light frequency $Ω=Ω_0$ are interpreted in terms of absorption lines of the electronic spin resonance spectrum. Applying a time dependent light frequency $Ω=Ω(t)$, so called chirping, is shown to be an efficient procedure in order to obtain within a short time a large, controlled value of the magnetization $M^z$. Furthermore, comparison with a $2$ - level model provides a qualitative understanding of the induced magnetization process.
MAST Upgrade - Construction Status
Creators: name: Milnes, Joe
name: Ayed, Nizar Ben
name: Dhalla, Fahim
name: Fishpool, Geoff
name: Hill, John
name: Katramados, Ioannis
name: Martin, Richard
name: Naylor, Graham
name: O'Gorman, Tom
name: Scannell, Rory
name: team, the MAST Upgrade
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Mega Amp Spherical Tokamak (MAST) is the centre piece of the UK fusion research programme. In 2010, a MAST Upgrade programme was initiated with three primary objectives, to contribute to: 1) Testing reactor concepts (in particular exhaust solutions via a flexible divertor allowing Super-X and other extended leg configurations); 2) Adding to the knowledge base for ITER (by addressing important plasma physics questions and developing predictive models to help optimise ITER performance of ITER) and 3) Exploring the feasibility of using a spherical tokamak as the basis for a fusion Component Test Facility. With the project mid-way through its construction phase, progress will be reported on a number of the critical subsystems. This will include manufacture and assembly of the coils, armour and support structures that make up the new divertors, construction of the new set coils that make up the centre column, installation of the new power supplies for powering the divertor coils and enhanced TF coil set, progress in delivering the upgraded diagnostic capability, the modification and upgrading of the NBI heating systems and the complete overhaul of the machine control infrastructure, including a new control room with full remote participation facilities.
description: 6 pages, 14 figures
Neutrix calculus and finite quantum field theory
Creators: name: van Dam, H
name: Ng, Y Jack
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: In general, quantum field theories (QFT) require regularizations and infinite renormalizations due to ultraviolet divergences in their loop calculations. Furthermore, perturbation series in theories like QED are not convergent series, but are asymptotic series. We apply neutrix calculus, developed in connection with asymptotic series and divergent integrals, to QFT, obtaining finite renormalizations. While none of the physically measurable results in renormalizable QFT is changed, quantum gravity is rendered more manageable in the neutrix framework.
Current and future directions in network biology
Creators: name: Zitnik, Marinka
name: Li, Michelle M.
name: Wells, Aydin
name: Glass, Kimberly
name: Gysi, Deisy Morselli
name: Krishnan, Arjun
name: Murali, T. M.
name: Radivojac, Predrag
name: Roy, Sushmita
name: Baudot, Anaïs
name: Bozdag, Serdar
name: Chen, Danny Z.
name: Cowen, Lenore
name: Devkota, Kapil
name: Gitter, Anthony
name: Gosline, Sara
name: Gu, Pengfei
name: Guzzi, Pietro H.
name: Huang, Heng
name: Jiang, Meng
name: Kesimoglu, Ziynet Nesibe
name: Koyuturk, Mehmet
name: Ma, Jian
name: Pico, Alexander R.
name: Pržulj, Nataša
name: Przytycka, Teresa M.
name: Raphael, Benjamin J.
name: Ritz, Anna
name: Sharan, Roded
name: Shen, Yang
name: Singh, Mona
name: Slonim, Donna K.
name: Tong, Hanghang
name: Yang, Xinan Holly
name: Yoon, Byung-Jun
name: Yu, Haiyuan
name: Milenković, Tijana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Network biology is an interdisciplinary field bridging computational and biological sciences that has proved pivotal in advancing the understanding of cellular functions and diseases across biological systems and scales. Although the field has been around for two decades, it remains nascent. It has witnessed rapid evolution, accompanied by emerging challenges. These challenges stem from various factors, notably the growing complexity and volume of data together with the increased diversity of data types describing different tiers of biological organization. We discuss prevailing research directions in network biology and highlight areas of inference and comparison of biological networks, multimodal data integration and heterogeneous networks, higher-order network analysis, machine learning on networks, and network-based personalized medicine. Following the overview of recent breakthroughs across these five areas, we offer a perspective on the future directions of network biology. Additionally, we offer insights into scientific communities, educational initiatives, and the importance of fostering diversity within the field. This paper establishes a roadmap for an immediate and long-term vision for network biology.
description: 52 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
Relativistic Modeling of Quark Stars with Tolman IV Type Potential
Creators: name: Malaver, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we studied the behavior of relativistic objects with anisotropic matter distribution considering Tolman IV form for the gravitational potential Z. The equation of state presents a quadratic relation between the energy density and the radial pressure. New exact solutions of the Einstein-Maxwell system are generated. A physical analysis of electromagnetic field indicates that is regular in the origin and well behaved. We show as the presence of an electrical field modifies the energy density, the radial pressure and the mass of the stellar object and generates a singular charge density.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1407.1936
Entwicklung einer Kontinuumsbeschreibung für die Versetzungsmobilität in Versetzungsnetzwerken
Creators: name: Sudmanns, Markus
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2020
Subjects: Werkstoffsimulation
plastische Verformung von Metallen
physikalisch-basierte Kontinuumsbeschreibung
Versetzungsnetzwerke
Versetzungsdynamik
material simulation
plastic deformation of metals
physically-based continuum formulation
dislocation networks
dislocation dynamic

description: Diese Arbeit thematisiert die Homogenisierung gleitsystemübergreifender Versetzungsreaktionen in einer physikalisch begründeten Formulierung der Metallplastizität. Basierend auf Vergleichen mit diskreten Versetzungsdynamiksimulationen wird eine Beschreibung von Versetzungsnetzwerken entwickelt. Damit wird die Verfestigung als eine Folge der Evolution von Versetzungsnetzwerken erreicht, welche wiederum aus einem Zusammenspiel aus plastischer Scherung und physikalischen Mechanismen entsteht.
Sharp geometric and functional inequalities in metric measure spaces with lower Ricci curvature bounds
Creators: name: Cavalletti, Fabio
name: Mondino, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For metric measure spaces verifying the reduced curvature-dimension condition $CD^*(K,N)$ we prove a series of sharp functional inequalities under the additional assumption of essentially non-branching. Examples of spaces entering this framework are (weighted) Riemannian manifolds satisfying lower Ricci curvature bounds and their measured Gromov Hausdorff limits, Alexandrov spaces satisfying lower curvature bounds and more generally $RCD^*(K,N)$-spaces, Finsler manifolds endowed with a strongly convex norm and satisfying lower Ricci curvature bounds, etc. In particular we prove Brunn-Minkowski inequality, $p$-spectral gap (or equivalently $p$-Poincaré inequality) for any $p\in [1,\infty)$, log-Sobolev inequality, Talagrand inequality and finally Sobolev inequality. All the results are proved in a sharp form involving an upper bound on the diameter of the space; if this extra sharpening is suppressed, all the previous inequalities for essentially non-branching $CD^*(K,N)$ spaces take the same form of the corresponding ones holding for a weighted Riemannian manifold verifying curvature-dimension condition $CD(K,N)$ in the sense of Bakry-Émery. In this sense inequalities are sharp. We also discuss the rigidity and almost rigidity statements associated to the $p$-spectral gap. Finally let us mention that for essentially non-branching metric measure spaces, the local curvature-dimension condition $CD_{loc}(K,N)$ is equivalent to the reduced curvature-dimension condition $CD^*(K,N)$. Therefore we also have shown that sharp Brunn-Minkowski inequality in the \emph{global} form can be deduced from the \emph{local} curvature-dimension condition, providing a step towards (the long-standing problem of) globalization for the curvature-dimension condition $CD(K,N)$.
description: accepted for publication "Geom. Topol." arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1502.06465
Random Maps with Sociological Flavor
Creators: name: Krapivsky, P. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A map of a set to itself admits a representation by a graph with vertices being the elements of the set and an edge between every vertex and its image. Communities defined as the maximal connected components are uni-cyclic. The distributions of the sizes of communities and lengths of cycles for unconstrained random maps is a classical subject. We call experts the images and followers the remaining vertexes, and we further define prophets, egocentrics, and introverts. We introduce and analyze classes of random maps with sociological flavor.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures; v2: various small improvements and added references
Spaces of quasi-exponentials and representations of \gln
Creators: name: Mukhin, E
name: Varchenko, A
name: Tarasov, V
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: We consider the action of the Bethe algebra BK on (⊗ks=1Lλ(s) )λ, the weight subspace of weight λ of the tensor product of k polynomial irreducible glN-modules with highest weights λ(1), . . . ,λ(k), respectively. The Bethe algebra depends on N complex numbers K = (K1, . . . ,KN). Under the assumption that K1, . . . ,KN are distinct, we prove that the image of BK in End ((⊗ks=1Lλ(s) )λ) is isomorphic to the algebra of functions on the intersection of k suitable Schubert cycles in the Grassmannian of N-dimensional spaces of quasi-exponentials with exponents K. We also prove that the BK-module (⊗ks=1Lλ(s) )λ is isomorphic to the coregular representation of that algebra of functions. We present a Bethe ansatz construction identifying the eigenvectors of the Bethe algebra with points of that intersection of Schubert cycles.
Metodologias Ativas e Sustentabilidade Ambiental - revisão de escopo
Creators: name: Silva, Augusto Santana Palma
Publisher: name: OSF
Year: 2023

description: Revisão de escopo de estudos envolvendo o emprego de metodologias ativas em processos de ensino-aprendizagem da temática Sustentabilidade Ambiental.
Fundamental limitation of ultrastrong coupling between light and atoms
Creators: name: Vukics, A.
name: Grießer, T.
name: Domokos, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent work of ours [Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 073601 (2014)], we generalized the Power-Zineau-Woolley gauge to describe the electrodynamics of atoms in an arbitrary confined geometry. Here we complement the theory by proposing a tractable form of the polarization field to represent atomic material with well-defined intra-atomic potential. The direct electrostatic dipole-dipole interaction between the atoms is canceled. This theory yields a suitable framework to determine limitations on the light-matter coupling in quantum optical models with discernible atoms. We find that the superradiant criticality is at the border of covalent molecule formation and crystallization.
description: 6 pages
Additional file 1 of Goal-directed haemodynamic therapy (GDHT) in surgical patients: systematic review and meta-analysis of the impact of GDHT on post-operative pulmonary complications
Creators: name: Ahilanandan Dushianthan
name: Knight, Martin
name: Russell, Peter
name: Grocott, Michael PW
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary material Table. A Study characteristics in detail. Supplementary material Figure A: review authors’ judgements about each risk of bias item presented as percentages across all included studies. Green indicates no risk of bias, yellow and red represents unclear risk and high risk respectively
Programming with models: writing statistical algorithms for general model structures with NIMBLE
Creators: name: de Valpine, Perry
name: Turek, Daniel
name: Paciorek, Christopher J.
name: Anderson-Bergman, Clifford
name: Lang, Duncan Temple
name: Bodik, Rastislav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We describe NIMBLE, a system for programming statistical algorithms for general model structures within R. NIMBLE is designed to meet three challenges: flexible model specification, a language for programming algorithms that can use different models, and a balance between high-level programmability and execution efficiency. For model specification, NIMBLE extends the BUGS language and creates model objects, which can manipulate variables, calculate log probability values, generate simulations, and query the relationships among variables. For algorithm programming, NIMBLE provides functions that operate with model objects using two stages of evaluation. The first stage allows specialization of a function to a particular model and/or nodes, such as creating a Metropolis-Hastings sampler for a particular block of nodes. The second stage allows repeated execution of computations using the results of the first stage. To achieve efficient second-stage computation, NIMBLE compiles models and functions via C++, using the Eigen library for linear algebra, and provides the user with an interface to compiled objects. The NIMBLE language represents a compilable domain-specific language (DSL) embedded within R. This paper provides an overview of the design and rationale for NIMBLE along with illustrative examples including importance sampling, Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) and Monte Carlo expectation maximization (MCEM).
description: 20 pages, 2 figures
Double-beta decay
Creators: name: Elliott, Steven
name: Engel, Jonathan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: We review recent developments in double-beta decay, focusing on what can be learned about the three light neutrinos in future experiments. We examine the effects of uncertainties in already measured neutrino parameters and in calculated nuclear matrix elements on the interpretation of upcoming double-beta decay measurements. We then review a number of proposed experiments.
Lattice methods for strongly interacting many-body systems
Creators: name: Drut, Joaquín
name: Nicholson, Amy
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Lattice  field theory methods, usually associated with non-perturbative studies of quantum chromodynamics, are becoming increasingly common in the calculation of ground-state and thermal properties of strongly interacting non-relativistic few- and many-body systems, blurring the interfaces between condensed matter, atomic and low-energy nuclear physics. While some of these techniques have been in use in the area of condensed matter physics for a long time, others, such as hybrid Monte Carlo and improved effective actions, have only recently found their way across areas. With this topical review, we aim to provide a modest overview and a status update on a few notable recent developments. For the sake of brevity we focus on zero-temperature, non-relativistic problems. After a short introduction, we lay out some general considerations and proceed to discuss sampling algorithms, observables, and systematic effects. We show selected results on ground- and excited-state properties of fermions in the limit of unitarity. The appendix contains details on group theory on the lattice.
Separable effects for adherence
Creators: name: Wanis, Kerollos Nashat
name: Stensrud, Mats Julius
name: Sarvet, Aaron Leor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Comparing different medications is complicated when adherence to these medications differs. We can overcome the adherence issue by assessing effectiveness under sustained use, as in the usual causal `per-protocol' estimand. However, when sustained use is challenging to satisfy in practice, the usefulness of this estimand can be limited. Here we propose a different class of estimands: separable effects for adherence. These estimands compare modified medications, holding fixed a component responsible for non-adherence. Under assumptions about treatment components' mechanisms of effect, the separable effects estimand can eliminate differences in adherence. These assumptions are amenable to interrogation by subject-matter experts and can be evaluated using causal graphs. We describe an algorithm for constructing causal graphs for separable effects, illustrate how these graphs can be used to reason about assumptions required for identification, and provide semi-parametric weighted estimators.
H2020 692819 SIMPATICO - D4.3: Advanced Methods and Tools for Human Computation
Creators: name: Sanz, Enrique
name: Zabaleta, Koldo
name: Cartelli, Vincenzo
name: Tomarchio, Orazio
name: Di Modica, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: This document is the deliverable “D4.3 – Advanced methods and tools for human computation” of the European project “SIMPATICO - SIMplifying the interaction with Public Administration Through Information technology for Citizens and cOmpanies” (hereinafter also referred to as “SIMPATICO”, project reference: 692819). SIMPATICO addresses a strategic challenge towards the innovation and modernization of the public sector: the need to offer a more efficient and more effective experience to companies and citizens in their daily interaction with Public Administration (PA) by (i) offering a personalized delivery of PA online services; (ii) enabling a better comprehension of the complex processes and documents (forms, regulations, etc.) behind these services; (iii) engaging them to improve the administration processes and services. Citizenpedia component stresses the last point offering the citizens and civil servants the possibility of interacting between them. This interaction promotes an active engagement of people for the continuous improvement of the interaction with these services. This report includes the results of project tasks T4.2 “Social question answering engine”, T4.3 “Collaborative procedures designer” and T4.4 “Citizenpedia collective knowledge base and API”. Each of these tasks corresponds to a software module of the Citizenpedia, the Question & Answer Engine (QAE), the Collaborative Procedure Designer (CPD), the Collective Knowledge Base (CKB) and Servicepedia respectively. This deliverable details the current implemented functionalities, the interfaces, the next steps for each the mentioned components and the new features added base on the feedback obtained during the evaluation first phase.
title: Armenia, Germany, EU: New Impetus for Cooperation in Difficult Times
Creators: name: Schiffers, Sonja Katharina
name: Smolnik, Franziska
Publisher: name: LaZAR
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Außenpolitik
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/4003846-4
subject: Interkantonale Kooperation
valueUri: https://d-nb.info/gnd/7671560-7

description: German Federal Development Minister Svenja Schulze announced on July 1, 2022 that Armenia will become a bilateral partner of German development cooperation. This rescinds the German government’s decision from 2020, when it had determined that previous cooperation with Armenia would be phased out in the coming years. The now-decided intensification of cooperation takes place against the backdrop of the Russian war in Ukraine and increasingly difficult conditions for Yerevan's "multi-vector foreign policy." The situation requires a prudent approach from Armenia's European partners. Cooperation with Armenia has the potential to become an example of the values-based foreign policy agreed in the German government’s coalition agreement; and of a foreign and development policy that sustainably supports democracy, peace and stability in the Eastern neighborhood despite Russia's destabilizing role.
A characterization of energy-preserving methods and the construction of parallel integrators for Hamiltonian systems
Creators: name: Miyatake, Yuto
name: Butcher, John C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: High order energy-preserving methods for Hamiltonian systems are presented. For this aim, an energy-preserving condition of continuous stage Runge--Kutta methods is proved. Order conditions are simplified and parallelizable conditions are also given. The computational cost of our high order methods is comparable to that of the average vector field method of order two.
Treating a weakened virus
Creators: name: Research, Nature
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 32
subject: Biomedical and clinical sciences
classificationCode: 3209
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: A case study published in the Qatar Medical Journal reports that it’s important for primary healthcare and emergency physicians to be aware that renal patients could suffer from complications arising from the reactivation of varicella-zoster virus and from toxicity caused by the drug that treats it.Varicella-zoster is the virus that causes the all-too-well-known chickenpox in children. Once the symptoms of chickenpox have resolved, the virus becomes dormant and can reactivate later in life — often in people whose immunity system is compromised or the elderly — in the form of painful skin eruptions around nerves called “shingles”. Its reactivation can also result in a variety of inflammations and complications in the central nervous system.Nephrologist Yasser Abed from Oman’s Sultan Qaboos University Hospital was presented with the case of a 70-year-old renal dialysis patient who developed a rash around his eye typical of varicella-zoster reactivation. The patient was prescribed with the drug acyclovir in an oral dose that was modified to be appropriate for the kidney disease he was originally being treated for. Acyclovir is excreted by the kidneys, so it is important to adjust its dose in patients with impaired kidney functions. But, a few days later, the patient returned, presenting with confusion and difficulty speaking.Clinical examination and tests did not reveal anything additional (except for later confirmation of varicella-zoster infection), leading Abed to conclude that the patient could be suffering from neurological complications of his varicella-zoster infection, toxicity resulting from the impaired ability of the patient’s kidneys to excrete acyclovir, or he was suffering from an acute stroke. Based on the clinical presentation, Abed suspected the first and prescribed intravenous acyclovir together with an oral steroid to counteract the suspected central nervous inflammation. The patient recovered and was returned home after two full weeks of treatment.A single-dose varicella-zoster vaccine is now available in a few developed countries with a good efficacy and safety profile, writes Abed. “We do believe that there is a need for consensus policies for zoster vaccination in dialysis patients,” he concludes.
Other InformationPublished in: QScience.com Highlights, Published by Nature Research for Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press)
License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Additional file 1 of Does a video clip enhance recruitment into a parenting trial? Learnings from a study within a trial
Creators: name: Mattock, Holly C.
name: Ryan, Rachael
name: O’Farrelly, Christine
name: Babalis, Daphne
name: Ramchandani, Paul G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Appendix 1. Interview schedule for participants. Appendix 2. Interview schedule for researchers.
Validation of a model for radon-induced background processes in electrostatic spectrometers
Creators: name: Mertens, S
name: Glück, F
name: Drexlin, G
name: Fränkle, F M
name: Wandkowsky, N
name: Groh, S
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment investigating tritium-decay close to the endpoint with unprecedented precision has stringent requirements on the background level of less than 10-2 counts per second. Electron emission during the α-decay of 219; 220Rn atoms in the electrostatic spectrometers of KATRIN is a serious source of background exceeding this limit. In this paper we compare extensive simulations of Rn-induced background to speci c measurements with the KATRIN prespectrometer to fully characterize the observed Rn-background rates and signatures and determine generic Rn emanation rates from the pre-spectrometer bulk material and its vacuum components.
Unraveling the luminescence signatures of chemical defects in polyethylene
Creators: name: Chen, Lihua
name: Huan, Tran Doan
name: Wang, Chenchen
name: Ramprasad, Rampi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chemical defects in polyethylene (PE) can deleteriously downgrade its electrical properties and performance. Although these defects usually leave spectroscopic signatures in terms of characteristic luminescence peaks, it is nontrivial to make unambiguous assignments of the peaks to specific defect types. In this work, we go beyond traditional density functional theory calculations to determine defect-derived emission and absorption energies in PE. In particular, we characterize PE defect levels in terms of thermodynamic and adiabatic charge transition levels that involve total energy calculations of neutral and charged defects. Calculations are performed at several levels of theory including those involving (semi)local and hybrid electron exchange-correlation functionals, and many-body perturbation theory. With these critical elements, the calculated defect transition levels are in excellent correspondence to observed luminescence spectra of PE, thus clarifying and confirming the origins of the observed peaks. Based on this work, a prescription with a reasonable computational expense is proposed to accurately predict and assign spectroscopic signatures of defects in other organic polymers as well.
Rank Estimation for Third-Order Tensor Completion in the Tensor-Train Format
Creators: name: Vermeylen, Charlotte
name: Olikier, Guillaume
name: Absil, P. -A.
name: Van Barel, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose a numerical method to obtain an adequate value for the upper bound on the rank for the tensor completion problem on the variety of third-order tensors of bounded tensor-train rank. The method is inspired by the parametrization of the tangent cone derived by Kutschan (2018). A proof of the adequacy of the upper bound for a related low-rank tensor approximation problem is given and an estimated rank is defined to extend the result to the low-rank tensor completion problem. Some experiments on synthetic data illustrate the approach and show that the method is very robust, e.g., to noise on the data.
On the synergistic use of SAR and optical imagery to monitor cyanobacteria scum in inland waters
Creators: name: De Santi, Francesca
name: Bresciani, Mariano
name: De Carolis, Giacomo
name: Giardino, Claudia
name: Villa, Paolo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: Optical remote sensing is a validated tool for detecting, monitoring and developing methodologies aimed at a better understanding of the state of lakes. However, it is highly hindered by clouds. For regions with frequent cloud cover, this means loss of data, which derails the purpose of sensing. This makes difficult to spatially and temporally characterize scum area for a comprehensive ecological analysis. Combining data obtained using different types of sensors can be an option worth investigating, and a good candidate for this purpose is the synthetic aperture radar (SAR), due to its capacity to collect data independent of cloudy cover. We use a synergistic approach involving optical and SAR images together with meteorological param- eters to monitor algal cyanobacteria blooms in lakes. The satellite images are provided by the Senti- nel 1 and 2 satellites. Meteorological parameters come from in situ stations or from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) database. Poster presented at 'Dragon 4 Mid-term Results Symposium, Xi’an, P.R. China, 19-22 June 2018'
Subalpine Italian Lakes in the last 15 Years
Creators: name: Bresciani, Mariano
name: Giardino, Claudia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: Subalpine Lakes constitute an environment for ecosystem (flora and fauna), tourism, bathing,
 intake of drinking water, and agriculture. Due to the increasing demand for fresh water, the effect of climate change and the anthropogenic pressure on natural resources, their water quality is in danger. Therefore, there is an increasing need for regular long term monitoring of lake waters as well as to support national and international directives and conventions such as the European Water Framework Directive (WFD). Within this study, Earth Observation (EO) data are used for acquiring timely, frequent synoptic information of main Subalpine lakes in norther Italy with a focus on chlorophyll-a (Chl-a).
title: The characterisation of transketolase from Leishmania mexicana
Creators: name: Veitch, Nicola Jean
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry.

description: Transketolase is a key enzyme of the non-oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway. The identification and characterisation of transketolase in Leishmania mexicana will aid in the understanding of the specific interactions of this enzyme and its products within this biochemical pathway. The pentose phosphate pathway may be a potential target for chemotherapy against Leishmania as it provides several key intermediates necessary for parasite survival within the host cell. In this study, the transketolase gene from L. mexicana was identified and cloned using a variety of molecular methodologies. The transketolase was shown to be similar to transketolases from other organisms, and contained two conserved motifs, a thiamine-pyrophosphate binding motif and a transketolase motif Analysis of the transketolase sequence revealed a carboxy-terminal peroxisome-targeting signal (PTS), suggestive of a glycosomal subcellular localisation. Subcellular fractionation of the promastigote Leishmania revealed that the protein was predominantly cytosolic, however a glycosomal localisation cannot be ruled out in other life cycle stages. Putative L. major and T. brucei transketolase protein sequences also contain a PTS at the C-terminal of the protein. The cloned transketolase gene was expressed as a recombinant protein using a bacterial system with the enzyme containing an N-terminal histidiae tag, allowing for efficient purification. Overexpression of the soluble transketolase protein occurred only at a low temperature (15
Symmetric $Z_2$ spin liquids and their neighboring phases on triangular lattice
Creators: name: Lu, Yuan-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent numerical discovery of a gapped spin liquid phase in spin-$1/2$ triangular-lattice $J_1$-$J_2$ Heisenberg model, we classify symmetric $Z_2$ spin liquids on triangular lattice in the Abrikosov-fermion representation. We find 20 phases with distinct spinon symmetry quantum numbers, 8 of which have their counterparts in the Schwinger-boson representation. Among them we identify 2 promising candidates (#1 and #20), which can realize a gapped $Z_2$ spin liquid with up to next nearest neighbor mean-field amplitudes. We analyze their neighboring magnetic orders and valence bond solid patterns, and find one state (#20) that is connected to 120-degree Neel order by a continuous quantum phase transition. We also identify gapped nematic $Z_2$ spin liquids in the neighborhood of the symmetric states and find 3 promising candidates (#1, #6 and #20).
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables, published version
Fermi gases with imaginary mass imbalance and the sign problem in Monte-Carlo calculations
Creators: name: Chen, Jiunn-Wei
name: Drut, Joaquín
name: Roscher, Dietrich
name: Braun, Jens
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Fermi gases in strongly coupled regimes, such as the unitary limit, are inherently challenging for many-body methods. Although much progress has been made with purely analytic methods, quantitative results require ab initio numerical approaches, such as Monte Carlo (MC) calculations. However, mass-imbalanced and spin-imbalanced gases are not accessible to MC calculations due to the infamous sign problem. It was recently pointed out that the sign problem, for fi nite spin imbalance, can be circumvented by resorting to imaginary polarizations and analytic continuation. Large parts of the phase diagram spanned by temperature and polarization then become accessible to MC calculations. We propose to apply a similar strategy to the mass-imbalanced case, which opens up the possibility to study the associated phase diagram with MC calculations. In particular, our analysis suggests that a detection of a (tri-)critical point in this phase diagram is possible. We also discuss calculations in the zero-temperature limit with our approach.
Satellite observations, autonomous in situ sensors and ecological modelling: a case study in Lake Trasimeno
Creators: name: Giardino, Claudia
name: Bresciani, Mariano
name: Cazzaniga, Ilaria
name: Groetsch, Philipp
name: Pires, Miguel Dionisio
name: Hommersom, Annelies
name: Della Bella, Valentina
name: Padula, Rosalba
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: Regular observations of water quality in lakes provide essential information for resource management. To the aim, integration of satellite remote sensing, in situ monitoring from optical sensors and ecological modeling might provide multi scale and multifrequency data. These data might be also combined to ecological modeling to forecast water conditions to alert for example for cyanobacterial blooms. This study presents the application of a such integrated approach developed in Lake Trasimeno in collaboration with ARPA Umbria, the water authority in charge for monitoring and managing the lake. In the following panels we show the main achievements reached so far from the three components as part of the European EOMORES project. The results all focus on chl-a concentration as it was the most relevant parameters for ARPA Umbria needs. Poster presented at 'Water Quality Information for the Benefit of Society' - Joint Workshop GEO AquaWatch & the NERC GloboLakes project, 29-31 August 2018, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK