cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cross-approaches for advising cassava trait-preferences for boiling
Creators: name: Honfozo, Laurenda F.
name: Moussa, Imayath M. Djibril
name: Adinsi, Laurent
name: Bouniol, Alexandre
name: Adetonah, Sounkoura
name: Chadare, Flora J.
name: Padonou, Wilfried S.
name: Hounhouigan, Joseph D.
name: Forsythe, Lora
name: Akissoe, Noël H.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Cassava is one of the most common food crops grown and consumed in many parts of Africa, and boiled cassava is especially popular in West Africa. However, its quality characteristics and attributes are not well documented. This study aimed at generating data to produce useful information on cassava trait preferences for boiling. To understand end-users’ trait-preferences for raw and boiled cassava, the study used a mix of approaches including a qualitative survey, process diagnosis and consumer testing. Gender-disaggregated data on cassava varieties were clustered into three categories: “common varieties with similar rank”, “common varieties but differently ranked” and “varieties exclusively cited by women or men”. Raw cassava root for making high-quality boiled cassava should have cracked peel, a sweet taste, and white flesh. Irrespective of cassava varieties, the three descriptors: “hard to break in the hand”, “not crumbly in the mouth” and “too bitter tasting” greatly penalized the overall liking, lowering values by a range of 2.2 to 2.6 on a nine-point scale (i.e. by about a quarter). Accordingly, high-quality boiled cassava should be attractive with white, homogenous flesh, a sweet taste, easy to break in the hand, crumbly in the mouth, and fiber-free.
Measuring the pass-through effect of global food price volatility and South Africa’s CPI on the headline inflation of Zimbabwe
Creators: name: Mhonyera, Gabriel
name: Masunda, Stein
name: Meyer, Daniel Francois
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Pronounced food price volatility has challenging effects on the macroeconomic performance of countries. Particularly, large food price swings can generate rippling effects on inflation and poverty. This article examines the inflation effect of global food price volatility and South Africa’s Consumer Price Index (CPI) on Zimbabwe using annual data spanning 1995 to 2019. Using the Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedastic (GARCH) techniques for volatility modelling and a standard backward-looking Phillips curve framework that controls for an output gap, the results of this article indicate that volatility of global food prices and the variations in South Africa’s CPI are significantly transmitted to Zimbabwe’s headline inflation. For instance, every 10% increase in global food prices results in 33% of the variation being passed through into the headline inflation of Zimbabwe. For South Africa’s CPI, the results indicate that about 228% is passed through into Zimbabwe’s headline inflation for every 10% increase in prices. Policymakers in Zimbabwe, therefore, should be wary of global food prices and South Africa’s CPI and it is also fundamental that the country improves its food processing capacity in terms of both the revival and efficacy of existing manufacturing facilities within its food industry.
Periodic steady state and interference in a periodically driven quantum system
Creators: name: Russomanno, Angelo
name: Silva, Alessandro
name: Santoro, Giuseppe E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the coherent dynamics of a quantum many-body system subject to a time-periodic driving. We argue that in many cases, destructive interference in time makes most of the quantum averages time-periodic, after an initial transient. We discuss in detail the case of a quantum Ising chain periodically driven across the critical point, finding that, as a result of quantum coherence, the system never reaches an infinite temperature state. Floquet resonance effects are moreover observed in the frequency dependence of the various observables, which display a sequence of well-defined peaks or dips. Extensions to non-integrable systems are discussed.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, supplementary material, Accepted by PRL
High-dimensional structure estimation in Ising models: Local separation criterion
Creators: name: Anandkumar, Animashree
name: Tan, Vincent Y. F.
name: Huang, Furong
name: Willsky, Alan S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the problem of high-dimensional Ising (graphical) model selection. We propose a simple algorithm for structure estimation based on the thresholding of the empirical conditional variation distances. We introduce a novel criterion for tractable graph families, where this method is efficient, based on the presence of sparse local separators between node pairs in the underlying graph. For such graphs, the proposed algorithm has a sample complexity of $n=Ω(J_{\min}^{-2}\log p)$, where $p$ is the number of variables, and $J_{\min}$ is the minimum (absolute) edge potential in the model. We also establish nonasymptotic necessary and sufficient conditions for structure estimation.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/12-AOS1009 the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Machine Learning Assisted Study of Early-Stage MOF Self-Assembly: Structural Characterization and Multi-Scale Modeling
Creators: name: Shukla, Rishabh
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Metal-organic framework
subject: Self-assembly
subject: Molecular simulation
subject: Multi-scale modeling
subject: Machine learning
subject: Effective potentials
subject: Particle swarm optimization
subject: Chemistry--Physical

description: Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) are an important class of materials with a broad range of applications (e.g., gas storage and catalysis). While a great number of MOF compounds are reported in the literature, where these studies have described a multitude of ways of synthesizing MOFs, there have been few studies probing the self-assembly process. Mechanisms of MOF self-assembly are amenable to Molecular Dynamic (MD) simulations, although there have been very few such studies to date, and even they suffer from unreasonable assumptions or fall short due to the limited timescales available to all-atom simulations. To allow simulations to reach much longer timescales, this thesis project looks to find an optimal way to develop effective potentials. The all-atom molecular interactions have been redefined so that the explicit solvent molecules could be omitted from the system without losing the solvent effect on the self-assembly processes. Since a large majority of atoms in the explicit system are the solvent molecules, we expect the effective potentials would result in a dramatic acceleration of the simulations. The complexity of the potential space makes the optimization slow and sensitive to small perturbations. We have explored the challenges associated with the iterative optimization of effective potentials and worked especially on the transferability of these potentials from a small MOF-like system to an ever-evolving environment in MOF self-assembly. Another important aspect of the project is to characterize the structures seen in the self-assembly process and to quantify the structural order, which can be further used to bias the simulations and further speed up the sampling, thus bridging the gap between experimental and computational studies.
Insights into the electronic structure of Co2FeSi from x-ray magnetic linear dichroism
Creators: name: Meinert, Markus
name: Schmalhorst, Jan-Michael
name: Glas, Manuel
name: Reiss, Günter
name: Arenholz, Elke
name: Böhnert, Tim
name: Nielsch, Kornelius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experimental evidence both for and against a half-metallic ground-state of the Heusler compound Co2FeSi has been published. Density functional theory based calculations suggest a non half-metallic ground state. It has been argued, that on-site Coulomb interaction of the d electrons has to be taken into account via the LDA+U method, which predicts a half-metallic ground-state for U = 2.5...4.5 eV. X-ray magnetic linear dichroism (XMLD) can be used as a tool to assess the appropriateness of the LDA+U approach: the calculated spectra within the LDA+U or GGA+U schemes are different from those within the LDA or GGA. Due to its ability to separate different orbital symmetries, XMLD allows us to distinguish between different models of the electronic structure of Co2FeSi. In this article we discuss experimental XMLD spectra and compare them with detailed first principles calculations. Our findings give evidence for the inadequacy of the LDA+U or GGA+U band structures, whereas constrained calculations with the GGA and a fixed spin moment of 6 μ_B give better overall agreement between experiment and theory.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables
Additional file 1 of Exploring sensory phenotypes in autism spectrum disorder
Creators: name: Scheerer, Nichole E.
name: Curcin, Kristina
name: Stojanoski, Bobby
name: Anagnostou, Evdokia
name: Nicolson, Rob
name: Kelley, Elizabeth
name: Georgiades, Stelios
name: Liu, Xudong
name: Stevenson, Ryan A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1. Bayesian Information Criteria (BIC) values for k-means 2-6 models are plotted. Further, the results of a bootstrapping procedure that produced 100 iterations of the 5 cluster solution is presented.
An Examination of Mode of Birth, Maternal Postpartum Mental Health, and Childhood Behavioural Problems
Creators: name: Grisbrook, Marie-Andrée
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: cesarean section
subject: postpartum depression
subject: post-traumatic stress disorder
subject: child behaviour
subject: Education--Health
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Mental Health
subject: Public Health

description: Cesarean section (C-section) deliveries account for 21% of all deliveries worldwide (Betran, Ye, Moller, Souza, & Zhang, 2021). They are frequently considered a medical necessity in labour dystocia, placenta previa, and malpresentation (Caughey, Cahill, Guise, & Rouse, 2014). However, delivery via C-section has been associated with an increased risk of internalizing (anxiousness, depressiveness, withdrawal) and externalizing (aggression, hyperactivity) behavioural problems among children (Rutayisire et al., 2018; Sirvinskiene, Zemaitiene, Jusiene, & Markuniene, 2016). Research evaluating the link between C-section and child behaviour is inconclusive and limited. Delivery via an emergency C-section is the strongest factor linked to a negative perception of the birth experience (Waldenstrom & Schytt, 2009). A negative perception of the birth experience is strongly associated with postpartum post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (Dekel, Ein-Dor, et al., 2019; Soderquist, Wijma, & Wijma, 2002; Verreault et al., 2012), which may be comorbid with postpartum depression (PPD) (Soderquist, Wijma, & Wijma, 2006). Therefore, it is hypothesized that the relationship between C-section and child behaviour depends on the type of C-section, and postpartum PTSD and PPD mediate this association. This manuscript-based dissertation is comprised of five papers. The first and second manuscripts include a review protocol and systematic review outlining the procedures and current evidence regarding the association between C-section delivery and child externalizing and internalizing behavioural problems. The third manuscript presents results regarding the association between C-section delivery and maternal PPD and the role of maternal PTSD in mediating this association. The fourth manuscript presents the study findings on the association between C-section delivery and child behavioural problems and the role of maternal postpartum PTSD and PPD as mediating factors. The final manuscript reviews the current landscape of maternal postpartum mental health screening in Canada and suggests improvements for screening. The dissertation concludes with implications for nursing practice, policy, education, and research.
Optimal Power Allocation for Two-Way Decode-and-Forward OFDM Relay Networks
Creators: name: He, Fei
name: Sun, Yin
name: Chen, Xiang
name: Xiao, Limin
name: Zhou, Shidong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a novel two-way decode-and-forward (DF) relay strategy for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) relay networks. This DF relay strategy employs multi-subcarrier joint channel coding to leverage frequency selective fading, and thus can achieve a higher data rate than the conventional per-subcarrier DF relay strategies. We further propose a low-complexity, optimal power allocation strategy to maximize the data rate of the proposed relay strategy. Simulation results suggest that our strategy obtains a substantial gain over the per-subcarrier DF relay strategies, and also outperforms the amplify-and-forward (AF) relay strategy in a wide signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) region.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, accepted by IEEE ICC 2012
Application of Nanoparticles in Regular and Foamed Cement-Based Systems
Creators: name: Mehairi, Ahmed
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: cement
subject: compressive strength
subject: dispersion
subject: fatigue
subject: nanoparticles
subject: porosity
subject: permeability
subject: foam
subject: foam stability
subject: foamability
subject: CaCO3
subject: CO2 capture
subject: foamed concrete
subject: CO2
subject: thermal insulation
subject: Engineering--Chemical
subject: Materials Science

description: Nano-modification of cement-based materials (CBMs) has the potential to enhance the mechanical properties of conventional CBMs and provide sustainable and energy-efficient solutions to mitigate the environmental footprint of cement manufacturing. Over the past years, the addition of nanoparticles (NPs) into cement paste, mortar, and concrete has shown outstanding enhancements in their mechanical properties and durability. Large-scale application of NPs in CBMs still, however, faces challenges such as improper dispersion, poor economics due to the cost of NPs, and potential health concerns associated with NPs handling. This work attempts to tackle these barriers by proposing inexpensive methods of NPs incorporation into oil well cement slurry and foamed concrete (FC). For oil well cement slurry, an easily scalable approach of NPs synthesis during cement slurry mixing is developed. Three methods for preparing in situ Fe(OH)3 NPs are presented. At 0.7 wt% of dry oil well cement, in situ prepared Fe(OH)3 NPs increases the 1-day compressive strength of the cement slurry by up to 90% and 38% at 25 oC and 80 oC, respectively, outperforming commercial NPs. Significant reductions in porosity (up to 48%) and permeability (up to 93%) are also achieved. Moreover, cement slurries with Fe(OH)3 NPs exhibit high resistance to fatigue from repeated compression cycles. In addition to oil well cement slurry, incorporation of NPs into FC through NP-stabilized preformed foams has been shown to overcome major FC drawbacks such as slurry instability and poor durability. In this study, the formulation of a stable in-house CaCO3 NPs/ hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) dispersion is achieved. In the presence of pure N2 and a 2:1 CO2/N2 gas mixture, foams produced from this dispersion have half-lives of 5 – 6 h compared to 5 – 7 mins for CTAB alone. The presence of CaCO3 NPs also reduces the average bubble size by 67% and enhances foam thermal stability. The utilization of CaCO3 NPs/CTAB aqueous foam in FC improves slurry stability and leads to a narrower and more uniform pore size distribution than FC made with CTAB alone. CaCO3 NPs also accelerate the formation of hydration products and promote the formation of a denser solid matrix. These combined effects contribute to a less connected pore structure, reduction in atmospheric carbonation, and improved heat transfer and fire resistance properties.
Talliella sinica Bordoni, 2013, nov.sp.
Creators: name: Bordoni, A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Talliella
Talliella sinica

description: Talliella sinica nov.sp.
M a t e r i a l s t u d i e d: Holotype: Zhejiang, Mt West Tianmu, Linan city, Li-Zheng Li 7- 12.IX.1999 (SNUC); paratype: same data, 1 (SNUC).
D e s c r i p t i o n: Length of body about 3,7 mm; from anterior margin of head to posterior margin of elytra: 2,1 mm. Small, shiny species. Head and elytra more or less brown; pronotum, abdomen, antennae and legs yellowish brown. Head oblong, anteriorly narrow, with largely rounded posterior angles. Eyes proportionally large, almost flat. Surface of head with deep, dense, partially oblong punctures, apart a wide median strip. Pronotum a little longer and narrower than head, with very oblique anterior margins and very largely rounded anterior angles. Surface with dorsal series of 7-8 punctures and lateral series of 4-5 punctures. Elytra sub-rectangular, longer and wider than pronotum, with sub-rectilinear sides and marked humeral angles. Surface with two series of wide punctures near the suture, one median and one lateral, the last two series composed by smaller punctures. Abdomen with more or less polygonal micro-reticulation and fine and very sparse puncturation.
Tergite and sternite of the male genital segment as in Figs 56-57. Aedeagus (Fig. 58) small, 0,66 mm long, sub-ovoidal, with short parameres; inner sac with some narrow spines.
 E t y m o l o g y: The specific epithet refers to the Latin sinicus- a- um (chinese).
G e o g r a p h i c a l d i s t r i b u t i o n: The species is known only from the type locality, in Zhejiang.
 N o t e: The new species is the first record of the genus Talliella BORDONI 2002 for China. The genus Talliella was known until now for three species and seems not common (T. armentalis BORDONI 2002 from Nepal; T. minuta BORDONI 2002 from Thailand;. T. cadaverina BORDONI 2002 from Sabah). An other species from Laos is in press (T. laosiana nov.sp.).
description: Published as part of Bordoni, A., 2013, New data on the Xantholinini from China. 24. New genus, new species and new records of the Shanghai Normal University collection (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) 244 ° contribution to the knowledge of the Staphylinidae, pp. 1745-1797 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 45 (2) on page 1756, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10273196
Understanding farmers’ intention to adopt sustainable agriculture in Sikkim: The role of environmental consciousness and attitude
Creators: name: Bhujel, Roshan Raj
name: Joshi, H.G.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Plant Biology

description: This study aimed to comprehensively investigate the key factors influencing farmers’ intentions to adopt sustainable agricultural practices in the unique context of Sikkim. It extends the theory of planned behavior by incorporating environmental consciousness and knowledge as additional independent variables. It examines their impact on farmers’ intentions, attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. A sample of 384 farmers from two districts of Sikkim was selected using a multistage sampling technique. The collected data were analyzed using Smart PLS SEM 4 software, employing path analysis to determine the direct and indirect effects of the independent variables on farmers’ intention to adopt sustainable agriculture. Environmental consciousness strongly influenced farmers’ attitudes and subjective norms. Knowledge also significantly affects farmers’ perceived behavioral control. Notably, an impactful link was found between environmental consciousness and the intention to adopt sustainable agriculture. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and practitioners. Targeted interventions and educational programs should be developed to enhance farmers’ environmental consciousness and knowledge, thereby promoting the adoption of sustainable agricultural practices in Sikkim. This study extends the theory of planned behavior by incorporating environmental consciousness and knowledge as additional determinants. It contributes to understanding the behavioral factors influencing farmers’ intentions to adopt sustainable agriculture and their interrelationships within the context of Sikkim. This study comprehensively investigated the determinants of farmers’ intentions to adopt sustainable agricultural practices in Sikkim. It contributes to the existing literature by incorporating environmental consciousness and knowledge into the theory of planned behavior, providing a nuanced understanding of the adoption process.
Understanding the General Data Protection Regulation: A Primer for Global Publishers
Creators: name: McGregor, Susan E.
name: Zylberberg, Hugo
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Journalism
Online journalism
Journalism--Data processing
Press
Data protection

description: The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is a major piece of EU legislation that will transform the operating landscape for any organization that handles data about EU residents. While the regulation, which goes into enforcement effect on May 25, 2018, will have the greatest impact on technology companies and advertising networks that directly monetize user data, the media companies that often depend on them for both reach and revenue will also be significantly affected by the changes it brings—both directly and indirectly. The goal of this report is to provide an overview of the regulation and its likely impacts for news organizations and publishers with primary audiences outside the European Union. Unlike its predecessors, the GDPR applies to organizations that collect data about EU residents, whether or not that organization has a physical presence in the EU. What’s more, violations can incur fines of twenty million euros or more. Thus, while non-EU news organizations may be less likely to come under immediate scrutiny because of the GDPR, they are still subject to its provisions and will benefit from thinking strategically about many of the issues it addresses. Moreover, the GDPR is likely to cause substantial changes in the operations of both digital platform and advertising companies, the effects of which will have undeniable consequences for publishers.
Electrophysiological Correlates of Naturally Occurring Thought Patterns
Creators: name: Park, YeEun
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: EEG
subject: thought
subject: Psychology--Cognitive
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Psychology--Experimental

description: Humans engage in a continuous flow of thoughts throughout the day. These thoughts change depending on the context in which they occur and correspond with unique patterns of connectivity within and between neural networks. Notably, less is known about the electrophysiological signatures of these thought patterns. To address this question, this study examined the interplay between thought patterns and electrophysiological activity in internally and externally oriented contexts. Forty-one participants were asked to attend internally to their own thoughts (thought focus condition) and externally to a set of videos (video focus condition), during which they were asked to report various dimensions of their ongoing thoughts. We implemented principal component analysis on the ratings of these multiple thought dimensions and identified three thought patterns (representing co-occurring thought dimensions): present external thought, goal-oriented future thoughts, and freely moving external positive thoughts. We found that these three thought patterns differentially associated with the experimental conditions and EEG measures. Present external thought was more closely associated with the video focus condition and showed increased frontal alpha and posterior alpha. Goal-oriented future thoughts increased during the thought versus video focus condition but was not significantly linked to any EEG measures. Freely moving external positive thoughts were more strongly associated with the video focus condition and showed decreased frontal alpha activity. Taken together, our results highlight the complex relationship between thought patterns and electrophysiological activity in different contexts.
Computational study of a quantum mechanical based model of magnetoreception
Creators: name: Garcia Chavez, Miguel Angel
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: In this work we study a quantum mechanical model of magnetoreception in birds based on a pair of electrons undergoing coherent evolution. The magnetoreception arises because there is a different outcome depending on whether the electrons form a singlet or a triplet state, and a magnetic field can influence this configuration. We perform a variety of computational simulations on a simplified model of the above mechanism, with the purpose to study the effect of changing the different variables in which the process depends, ultimately to determine the plausibility of the mechanism.
Geologic History and Deformation Monitoring of the Sunnydale Landslide
Creators: name: Bodtker, Jackson William
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Geohazards
subject: Geomorphology
subject: Landslide
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: The Sunnydale Landslide is a slow-moving rock-slope deformation on the western bank of the Yukon River directly across from Dawson City, Yukon. Field mapping documented road subsidence, expanding tension cracks, recent and ongoing rockfall and shallow landslide activity, and production of detailed geomorphological and surficial geology maps of the landslide. Results from geologic dating of the slide show that is has been a feature of the landscape since at least 10,000 years before present. Due to this age, present rates of surface displacement across the slide are incompatible with observed total deformation, implying either episodic movement or recent acceleration. Results from photograph interpretation and dendrogeomorphological study show deformation throughout much of the 20th century. Additionally, lidar and GNSS/GPS monitoring from 2014 to 2023 show over 20 cm of 3D displacement annually in parts of the landslide. Recent lidar differencing and GNSS data suggests possible acceleration of the landslide, which indicates a higher level of risk of rapid failure and subsequent impacts to Dawson City. Limitations in data availability as well as errors inherent to these data sources preclude certainty on observations of acceleration and probability of rapid failure. The installation of a near real-time GNSS monitoring array in April of 2023 facilitates continued monitoring and clarification of potential changes in rates of motion on the Sunnydale Slide at the time of writing and into the future.
The smoothness of the interstellar extinction curve in the UV. Comparison with recent laboratory measurements of PAH mixtures
Creators: name: Steglich, Mathias
name: Carpentier, Yvain
name: Jäger, Cornelia
name: Huisken, Friedrich
name: Räder, Hans-Joachim
name: Henning, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. As revealed by high-resolution spectral investigations in the wavelength range between 300 and 400 nm, the interstellar extinction curve does not display any of the sharp electronic absorption bands that are characteristic for large polyatomic molecules, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which belong to the most abundant interstellar molecules. Aims. We aim to verify whether the absorption curves of mixtures of medium-sized PAHs produced in the laboratory can explain the astronomical observations. Methods. The PAH mixtures were synthesized by infrared laser pyrolysis and subsequent chemical extraction and size separation. The matrix isolation technique was used to study the absorption spectra of isolated molecules at low temperature. Results. Our experimental results demonstrate that the UV-visible absorption curves of PAH mixtures can be very smooth, displaying no sharp bands, if the molecular diversity is sufficiently high. Conclusions. In view of the absence of sharp electronic features on the interstellar extinction curve for 300 < λ < 400 nm, we conclude from our experimental findings that the interstellar PAH population must be very diverse. The low fractional abundances of individual species prevent their detection on the basis of spectral fingerprints in the UV.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
The Partnership Press: Lessons for Platform-Publisher Collaborations as Facebook and News Outlets Team to Fight Misinformation
Creators: name: Ananny, Mike
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Journalism
Online journalism
Press
Social media
Fake news

description: In December 2016, shortly after the US presidential election, Facebook and five US news and fact-checking organizations—ABC News, Associated Press, FactCheck.org, PolitiFact, and Snopes—entered a partnership to combat misinformation. Motivated by a variety of concerns and values, relying on different understandings of misinformation, and with a diverse set of stakeholders in mind, they created a collaboration designed to leverage the partners’ different forms of cultural power, technological skill, and notions of public service. Concretely, the partnership centers around managing a flow of stories that may be considered false. Here’s how it works: through a proprietary process that mixes algorithmic and human intervention, Facebook identifies candidate stories; these stories are then served to the five news and fact-checking partners through a partners-only dashboard that ranks stories according to popularity. Partners independently choose stories from the dashboard, do their usual fact-checking work, and append their fact-checks to the stories’ entries in the dashboards. Facebook uses these fact-checks to adjust whether and how it shows potentially false stories to its users. Variously seen as a public relations stunt, a new type of collaboration, or an unavoidable coupling of organizations through circumstances beyond either’s exclusive control, the partnership emerged as a key example of platform-publisher collaboration. This report contextualizes the partnership, traces its dynamics through a series of interviews, and uses it to motivate a general set of questions that future platform press partnerships might ask themselves before collaborating.
Additional file 1 of Supporting recommendations for childhood preventive interventions for primary health care: elaboration of evidence synthesis and lessons learnt
Creators: name: Jullien, Sophie
name: Huss, Gottfried
name: Weigel, Ralf
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. List of abbreviations.
The Future of Advertising and Publishing
Creators: name: Watson, Sara M.
name: Bell, Emily J.
name: Rashidian, Nushin
name: Hartstone, Abigail
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Journalism
Online journalism
Press
Mass media--Economic aspects

description: The rise of digital media has fundamentally changed the relationship between marketers and publishers. As audiences increasingly move toward mobile consumption, publishers have had to adapt their business models based on new standards set by social media platforms and advertisers. They are now in competition with large tech companies to reach, and to own, the same audiences. The adtech ecosystem, which was designed by platforms and advertisers to capitalize on the growing amount of data retained about readers, has produced a mess of publishers’ main monetization strategies—leaving the entire space in dire need of evaluation and experimentation. On October 20, 2017, the Tow Center for Digital Journalism at Columbia University, the Digital Initiative at Harvard Business School, and the Shorenstein Center on Media, Politics, and Public Policy at the Harvard Kennedy School hosted a Policy Exchange Forum (PEF) and public conference to explore these shifts in “The Future of Advertising and Publishing.” The PEF took place in the morning and comprised a closed discussion (by invitation only) built around two major questions: What is the future of the relationship between publishers and advertisers? More specifically, how can platforms, news publishers, and advertisers ensure a robust future for news publishers by shaping the quality of advertising?
Effects of the Application on Neonatal Beef Calves of Tactile Stimulation and Umbilical Antiseptic on their Pre-Weaned Welfare
Creators: name: Bezerra, Victor Henrique Esterlino Ferreira Brusin
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: bovine
subject: animal welfare
subject: behaviour
subject: health
subject: performance
subject: human-animal relationship
subject: Veterinary Science

description: In the western Canadian beef cow-calf production systems, beef calves are generally kept with their dams in extensive outdoor grazing systems. Due to this, the contact between stockpeople and calves is infrequent. Often, when it does happen, the calf is subjected to potentially aversive experiences associate with capture and restraint, as well as painful procedures such as injections, castration, and branding. Young calves are also at risk of getting various diseases, including neonatal calf diarrhea (NCD), bovine respiratory disease (BRD), and umbilical infections, with negative consequent effects on their welfare. Practices like tactile stimulation and the application of umbilical antiseptic have the potential to improve human-animal relationship, calf health, and productivity, and these practices remains understudied in the context of beef calf processing in western Canada. This thesis aims to evaluate the effects of the application of tactile stimulation and umbilical antiseptic on neonatal beef calves on their welfare level at the pre-weaned stage, using three different welfare indicators: behaviour, health, and productivity. Four experimental groups (TSUA, calves with tactile stimulation and application of umbilical antiseptic; TS, calves with tactile stimulation but no application of umbilical antiseptic; UA, calves without tactile stimulation but with application of umbilical antiseptic; and C, control calves without tactile stimulation or application of umbilical antiseptic) were evaluated to assess the association of these interventions with reactivity when interacting with humans in handling facilities, risk of disease treatment, mortality, and average daily gain. Of all the animal welfare indicators evaluated, only one behavioural indicator differed among treatments; flight speed was significantly lower for calves from TS group, indicating less reactivity, compared with other experimental groups. Other indicators were not significantly different among treatments. Overall, this study demonstrated limited evidence that tactile stimulation and umbilical disinfection, as applied in this study, impacted the welfare of pre-weaned Angus beef calves.
Symmetry Protected Topological Phases in Spin Ladders with Two-body Interactions
Creators: name: Liu, Zheng-Xin
name: Yang, Zhen-Biao
name: Han, Yong-Jian
name: Yi, Wei
name: Wen, Xiao-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-1/2 two-legged ladders respecting inter-leg exchange symmetry and D2 spin rotation symmetry have new symmetry protected topological (SPT) phases which are different from the Haldane phase. Three of the new SPT phases are tx,ty,tz, which all have symmetry protected two-fold degenerate edge states on each end of the open boundaries. However, the edge states in different phases have different response to magnetic field. For example, the edge states in the tz phase will be split by the magnetic field along the z-direction, but not by the fields in the x- and y-directions. We give the Hamiltonian that realizes each SPT phase and demonstrate a proof-of-principle quantum simulation scheme for Hamiltonians of the t0 and tz phases based on coupled-QED-cavity ladder.
description: 14 pages
Parametric amplification of magnetoplasmons in semiconductor quantum dots
Creators: name: Weick, Guillaume
name: Mariani, Eros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the magnetoplasmon collective modes in quasi-two-dimensional semiconductor quantum dots can be parametrically amplified by periodically modulating the magnetic field perpendicular to the nanostructure. The two magnetoplasmon modes are excited and amplified simultaneously, leading to an exponential growth of the number of bosonic excitations in the system. We further demonstrate that damping mechanisms as well as anharmonicities in the confinement of the quantum dot lead to a saturation of the parametric amplification. This work constitutes a first step towards parametric amplification of collective modes in many-body fermionic systems beyond one dimension.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures; published version
Examining the effects of diet on muscle health in a female diet-induced obesity rat model
Creators: name: Smith, Hannah Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Muscle
subject: Sarcopenia
subject: Obesity
subject: Metabolic syndrome
subject: Metabolic endotoxemia
subject: Prebiotic fibre
subject: High fat/high sucrose diet
subject: Nutrition
subject: Engineering--Biomedical

description: Worldwide obesity has tripled in the last 50 years as energy dense food and low activity levels common in westernized societies have become the norm. The excess fat associated with obesity, puts significant stress on the body’s metabolic pathways, leading to many noncommunicable diseases, including certain musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders, such as sarcopenic obesity. Sarcopenic obesity is the loss of muscle mass and strength coupled with an excess fat mass and fatty infiltrations into the muscle tissue called myosteatosis. Fortunately, obesity is modifiable through diet interventions as it has been previously shown that prebiotic fibre supplementation can decrease body fat percentage and improve metabolic health. However, there are a lack of studies to date that look at the effect of a prebiotic fibre on compromised muscle integrity as a consequence of obesity. To study fat infiltration in muscle tissue, a diet-induced obesity model was developed in male Sprague-Dawley rats, however, female animals were neglected to be considered. The purpose of this thesis was to (1) establish a model of diet-induced obesity in female Sprague-Dawley rats and compare changes in muscle integrity to the already existing male model and (2) determine the effect of a 3-week delayed prebiotic fibre supplement on intramuscular fat infiltration. Through a combination of histological staining techniques and measures of metabolic syndrome and inflammatory cytokines, we quantified intramuscular fat, fibrosis, local inflammation, metabolic dysfunction, and systemic inflammation. It was determined that the diet-induced obesity model in female Sprague-Dawley rats is a viable model and that sex-dependent differences in intramuscular fat infiltration exist. We also observed that the 3-week delayed prebiotic fibre diet supplement was able to protect against certain consequences of obesity such as increased blood triglycerides and fat infiltration in the vastus lateralis, but not others such as fat infiltration in the soleus and systemic inflammation associated with metabolic endotoxemia.
Exploring the prevalence of gambling marketing: An analysis of the prevalence of marketing across televised and social media coverage of NBA and NHL in Ontario
Creators: name: Wheaton, Jamie
name: Rossi, Raffaello
name: Moxey, Maria
name: Tozzi, Edoardo
name: Moradipour, Saeid
Publisher: name: University of Bristol
Year: 2024

description: This report details the findings of a joint project undertaken as a collaboration between University of Bristol and CBC News. The project deployed well-established data collection and analytic methods to explore the prevalence of gambling-related marketing on television (as broadcasted in Ontario) and social media during basketball (NBA) and ice hockey (NHL) matches between the 25th and 29th of October 2023.
Top-pair production at hadron colliders with next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic soft-gluon resummation
Creators: name: Cacciari, Matteo
name: Czakon, Michal
name: Mangano, Michelangelo L.
name: Mitov, Alexander
name: Nason, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Incorporating all recent theoretical advances, we resum soft-gluon corrections to the total $t\bar t$ cross-section at hadron colliders at the next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic (NNLL) order. We perform the resummation in the well established framework of Mellin $N$-space resummation. We exhaustively study the sources of systematic uncertainty like renormalization and factorization scale variation, power suppressed effects and missing two- and higher-loop corrections. The inclusion of soft-gluon resummation at NNLL brings only a minor decrease in the perturbative uncertainty with respect to the NLL approximation, and a small shift in the central value, consistent with the quoted uncertainties. These numerical predictions agree with the currently available measurements from the Tevatron and LHC and have uncertainty of similar size. We conclude that significant improvements in the $t\bar t$ cross-sections can potentially be expected only upon inclusion of the complete NNLO corrections.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures. V2 updates tables and figures including results for sqrt(S)=8 TeV. Version to appear in Phys Lett B
Metolinus lebu Bordoni, 2013, nov.sp.
Creators: name: Bordoni, A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Metolinus
Metolinus lebu

description: Metolinus lebu nov.sp.
M a t e r i a l s t u d i e d: Holotype: Xizang A. R. (Tibet), Cuona coun., Lebu, 2450-2700 m, Jian-Qing Zhu 17.VIII.2010 (SNUC).
D e s c r i p t i o n: Length of body about 6,3 mm; from anterior margin of head to posterior margin of elytra: 3,3 mm. Reddish brown black, abdomen reddish brown; antennae and legs brown light. Head sub-rectangular, with rounded sides and largely rounded posterior angles. Eyes small and a little protruding. Surface of head with traces of very fine, transverse micro-striation and sparse puncturation. Pronotum massive, longer and narrower than head, with very fine and dense, transverse micro-striation; dorsal series of 5 puntures and lateral series of 4-5 irregular punctures, all well visible. Elytra sub-rectangular, slightly dilated posteriad, longer and wider than pronotum, with scarcely marked humeral angles. Surface with two series of fine punctures near the suture, one median and one lateral. Abdomen with traces of very fine, transverse microstriation and fine, very sparse puncturation.
Posterior margin of 6° visible abdominal tergite and sternite prolongated in a more or less evident median lobe (Figs 51-52). Tergite and sternite of the male genital segment as in Figs 53-54. Aedeagus (Fig. 55) about 1,2 mm long, ovoidal, narrow and elongated, with characteristic distal plate; parameres long and very narrow; inner sac with two long spines, one shaped like.
E t y m o l o g y: The specific epithet refers to the type locality, as a noun in apposition.
G e o g r a p h i c a l d i s t r i b u t i o n: The species is known only from the type locality, in Tibet.
 N o t e: This species is related to the M. fruhstorferi -group from India, Burma, Indonesia, Thailand, Fujian [M. planulatus (SHARP 1889) from Japan and Fujian], Philippines, Sulawesi, Borneo (BORDONI 2002) by the external characters. The new species differs from the congeners especially by the aedeagus.
description: Published as part of Bordoni, A., 2013, New data on the Xantholinini from China. 24. New genus, new species and new records of the Shanghai Normal University collection (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) 244 ° contribution to the knowledge of the Staphylinidae, pp. 1745-1797 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 45 (2) on pages 1755-1756, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10273196
Counterfactual Logic: A Modern Overview
Creators: name: Rios Flores, Mohamar
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: counterfactual logic
subject: counterfactuals
subject: David Lewis
subject: comparative possibility
subject: possible world semantics
subject: modal logic
subject: logic
subject: sphere semantics
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Lewis (1973) described a family of logics for reasoning about counterfactual statements. These logics also contained additional connectives for reasoning about comparative possibility statements and modalities. Moreover, Lewis described a possible world semantics involving a ``sphere system'' that effectively lets you talk about some worlds being more ``similar'' to a given world than others. The resulting theory is very powerful and flexible in many ways similar to the theory of normal modal logics. Unfortunately, Lewis provided an extremely terse formal description of the theory with many important theorems, definitions, and details omitted or described vaguely. There are no other resources that present a complete formal description of this theory. Without this formal description one is unable to propose new logics in this family and prove soundness and completeness theorems for them. To remedy this, we present a reformulation of Lewis' theory using modern methods and notation. All definitions are described formally and all core results are proven in explicit detail. We include an informal overview of the different kinds of statements associated with each connective. The semantics is reformulated in terms of frames. The syntax includes additional rules and theorems to make it easier to use. Both the soundness and the strong soundness theorems are proven. The completeness theorem uses canonical models and the entire construction is shown explicitly. The first edition of Counterfactuals (Lewis, 1973) had an error exposed by Krabbe (1978) that led to the second edition (Lewis, 2001) having a more complex definition. So we present a reformulation of Krabbe's construction within our modernized setting.