Observation of Time Reversal Violation in the B0 Meson System
Creators: name: The BABAR Collaboration
name: Lees, J. P.
name: Poireau, V.
name: Tisserand, V.
name: Tico, J. Garra
name: Grauges, E.
name: Palanoab, A.
name: Eigen, G.
name: Stugu, B.
name: Brown, D. N.
name: Kerth, L. T.
name: Kolomensky, Yu. G.
name: Lynch, G.
name: Koch, H.
name: Schroeder, T.
name: Asgeirsson, D. J.
name: Hearty, C.
name: Mattison, T. S.
name: McKenna, J. A.
name: So, R. Y.
name: Khan, A.
name: Blinov, V. E.
name: Buzykaev, A. R.
name: Druzhinin, V. P.
name: Golubev, V. B.
name: Kravchenko, E. A.
name: Onuchin, A. P.
name: Serednyakov, S. I.
name: Skovpen, Yu. I.
name: Solodov, E. P.
name: Todyshev, K. Yu.
name: Yushkov, A. N.
name: Bondioli, M.
name: Kirkby, D.
name: Lankford, A. J.
name: Mandelkern, M.
name: Atmacan, H.
name: Gary, J. W.
name: Liu, F.
name: Long, O.
name: Vitug, G. M.
name: Campagnari, C.
name: Hong, T. M.
name: Kovalskyi, D.
name: Richman, J. D.
name: West, C. A.
name: Eisner, A. M.
name: Kroseberg, J.
name: Lockman, W. S.
name: Martinez, A. J.
name: Schumm, B. A.
name: Seiden, A.
name: Chao, D. S.
name: Cheng, C. H.
name: Echenard, B.
name: Flood, K. T.
name: Hitlin, D. G.
name: Ongmongkolkul, P.
name: Porter, F. C.
name: Rakitin, A. Y.
name: Andreassen, R.
name: Huard, Z.
name: Meadows, B. T.
name: Sokoloff, M. D.
name: Sun, L.
name: Bloom, P. C.
name: Ford, W. T.
name: Gaz, A.
name: Nauenberg, U.
name: Smith, J. G.
name: Wagner, S. R.
name: Ayad, R.
name: Toki, W. H.
name: Spaan, B.
name: Schubert, K. R.
name: Schwierz, R.
name: Bernard, D.
name: Verderi, M.
name: Clark, P. J.
name: Playfer, S.
name: Bettoni, D.
name: Bozzi, C.
name: Calabrese, R.
name: Cibinetto, G.
name: Fioravanti, E.
name: Garzia, I.
name: Luppi, E.
name: Munerato, M.
name: Piemontese, L.
name: Santoro, V.
name: Baldini-Ferroli, R.
name: Calcaterra, A.
name: de Sangro, R.
name: Finocchiaro, G.
name: Patteri, P.
name: Peruzzi, I. M.
name: Piccolo, M.
name: Rama, M.
name: Zallo, A.
name: Contri, R.
name: Guido, E.
name: Vetere, M. Lo
name: Monge, M. R.
name: Passaggio, S.
name: Patrignani, C.
name: Robutti, E.
name: Bhuyan, B.
name: Prasad, V.
name: Lee, C. L.
name: Morii, M.
name: Edwards, A. J.
name: Adametz, A.
name: Uwer, U.
name: Lacker, H. M.
name: Lueck, T.
name: Dauncey, P. D.
name: Mallik, U.
name: Chen, C.
name: Cochran, J.
name: Meyer, W. T.
name: Prell, S.
name: Rubin, A. E.
name: Gritsan, A. V.
name: Guo, Z. J.
name: Arnaud, N.
name: Davier, M.
name: Derkach, D.
name: Grosdidier, G.
name: Diberder, F. Le
name: Lutz, A. M.
name: Malaescu, B.
name: Roudeau, P.
name: Schune, M. H.
name: Stocchi, A.
name: Wormser, G.
name: Lange, D. J.
name: Wright, D. M.
name: Chavez, C. A.
name: Coleman, J. P.
name: Fry, J. R.
name: Gabathuler, E.
name: Hutchcroft, D. E.
name: Payne, D. J.
name: Touramanis, C.
name: Bevan, A. J.
name: Di Lodovico, F.
name: Sacco, R.
name: Sigamani, M.
name: Cowan, G.
name: Brown, D. N.
name: Davis, C. L.
name: Denig, A. G.
name: Fritsch, M.
name: Gradl, W.
name: Griessinger, K.
name: Hafner, A.
name: Prencipe, E.
name: Barlow, R. J.
name: Jackson, G.
name: Lafferty, G. D.
name: Behn, E.
name: Cenci, R.
name: Hamilton, B.
name: Jawahery, A.
name: Roberts, D. A.
name: Dallapiccola, C.
name: Cowan, R.
name: Dujmic, D.
name: Sciolla, G.
name: Cheaib, R.
name: Lindemann, D.
name: Patel, P. M.
name: Robertson, S. H.
name: Biassoni, P.
name: Neri, N.
name: Palombo, F.
name: Stracka, S.
name: Cremaldi, L.
name: Godang, R.
name: Kroeger, R.
name: Sonnek, P.
name: Summers, D. J.
name: Nguyen, X.
name: Simard, M.
name: Taras, P.
name: De Nardo, G.
name: Monorchio, D.
name: Onorato, G.
name: Sciacca, C.
name: Martinelli, M.
name: Raven, G.
name: Jessop, C. P.
name: LoSecco, J. M.
name: Wang, W. F.
name: Honscheid, K.
name: Kass, R.
name: Brau, J.
name: Frey, R.
name: Sinev, N. B.
name: Strom, D.
name: Torrence, E.
name: Feltresi, E.
name: Gagliardi, N.
name: Margoni, M.
name: Morandin, M.
name: Pompili, A.
name: Posocco, M.
name: Rotondo, M.
name: Simi, G.
name: Simonetto, F.
name: Stroili, R.
name: Akar, S.
name: Ben-Haim, E.
name: Bomben, M.
name: Bonneaud, G. R.
name: Briand, H.
name: Calderini, G.
name: Chauveau, J.
name: Hamon, O.
name: Leruste, Ph.
name: Marchiori, G.
name: Ocariz, J.
name: Sitt, S.
name: Biasini, M.
name: Manoni, E.
name: Pacetti, S.
name: Rossi, A.
name: Angelini, C.
name: Batignani, G.
name: Bettarini, S.
name: Carpinelli, M.
name: Casarosa, G.
name: Cervelli, A.
name: Forti, F.
name: Giorgi, M. A.
name: Lusiani, A.
name: Oberhof, B.
name: Paoloni, E.
name: Perez, A.
name: Rizzo, G.
name: Walsh, J. J.
name: Pegna, D. Lopes
name: Olsen, J.
name: Smith, A. J. S.
name: Telnov, A. V.
name: Anullia, F.
name: Faccini, R.
name: Ferrarotto, F.
name: Ferroni, F.
name: Gaspero, M.
name: Gioi, L. Li
name: Mazzoni, M. A.
name: Piredda, G.
name: Bunger, C.
name: Grunberg, O.
name: Hartmann, T.
name: Leddig, T.
name: Schroder, H.
name: Voss, C.
name: Waldi, R.
name: Adye, T.
name: Olaiya, E. O.
name: Wilson, F. F.
name: Emery, S.
name: de Monchenault, G. Hamel
name: Vasseur, G.
name: Y`eche, Ch.
name: Aston, D.
name: Bard, D. J.
name: Bartoldus, R.
name: Benitez, J. F.
name: Cartaro, C.
name: Convery, M. R.
name: Dorfan, J.
name: Dubois-Felsmann, G. P.
name: Dunwoodie, W.
name: Ebert, M.
name: Field, R. C.
name: Sevilla, M. Franco
name: Fulsom, B. G.
name: Gabareen, A. M.
name: Graham, M. T.
name: Grenier, P.
name: Hast, C.
name: Innes, W. R.
name: Kelsey, M. H.
name: Kim, P.
name: Kocian, M. L.
name: Leith, D. W. G. S.
name: Lewis, P.
name: Lindquist, B.
name: Luitz, S.
name: Luth, V.
name: Lynch, H. L.
name: MacFarlane, D. B.
name: Muller, D. R.
name: Neal, H.
name: Nelson, S.
name: Perl, M.
name: Pulliam, T.
name: Ratcliff, B. N.
name: Roodman, A.
name: Salnikov, A. A.
name: Schindler, R. H.
name: Snyder, A.
name: Su, D.
name: Sullivan, M. K.
name: Va'vra, J.
name: Wagner, A. P.
name: Wisniewski, W. J.
name: Wittgen, M.
name: Wright, D. H.
name: Wulsin, H. W.
name: Young, C. C.
name: Ziegler, V.
name: Park, W.
name: Purohit, M. V.
name: White, R. M.
name: Wilson, J. R.
name: Randle-Conde, A.
name: Sekula, S. J.
name: Bellis, M.
name: Burchat, P. R.
name: Miyashita, T. S.
name: Puccio, E. M. T.
name: Alam, M. S.
name: Ernst, J. A.
name: Gorodeisky, R.
name: Guttman, N.
name: Peimer, D. R.
name: Soffer, A.
name: Lund, P.
name: Spanier, S. M.
name: Ritchie, J. L.
name: Ruland, A. M.
name: Schwitters, R. F.
name: Wray, B. C.
name: Izen, J. M.
name: Lou, X. C.
name: Bianchi, F.
name: Gamba, D.
name: Zambito, S.
name: Lanceri, L.
name: Vitale, L.
name: Bernabeu, J.
name: Martinez-Vidal, F.
name: Oyanguren, A.
name: Villanueva-Perez, P.
name: Ahmed, H.
name: Albert, J.
name: Banerjee, Sw.
name: Bernlochner, F. U.
name: Choi, H. H. F.
name: King, G. J.
name: Kowalewski, R.
name: Lewczuk, M. J.
name: Nugent, I. M.
name: Roney, J. M.
name: Sobie, R. J.
name: Tasneem, N.
name: Gershon, T. J.
name: Harrison, P. F.
name: Latham, T. E.
name: Band, H. R.
name: Dasu, S.
name: Pan, Y.
name: Prepost, R.
name: Wu, S. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although CP violation in the B meson system has been well established by the B factories, there has been no direct observation of time reversal violation. The decays of entangled neutral B mesons into definite flavor states ($B^0$ or $\bar{B}^0$), and $J/ψK_S^0$ or $c\bar{c} K_S^0$ final states (referred to as $B_+$ or $B_-$), allow comparisons between the probabilities of four pairs of T-conjugated transitions, for example, $\bar{B}^0 \rightarrow B_-$ and $B_- \rightarrow \bar{B}^0$, as a function of the time difference between the two B decays. Using 468 million $B\bar{B}$ pairs produced in $Υ(4S)$ decays collected by the BABAR detector at SLAC, we measure T-violating parameters in the time evolution of neutral B mesons, yielding $ΔS_T^+ = -1.37 \pm 0.14 (stat.) \pm 0.06 (syst.)$ and $ΔS_T^- = 1.17 \pm 0.18 (stat.) \pm 0.11 (syst.)$. These nonzero results represent the first direct observation of T violation through the exchange of initial and final states in transitions that can only be connected by a T-symmetry transformation.
description: 7 pages, 3 postscript figures, 1 table, appendix with 4 pages containing supplementary material. Accepted by Phys. Rev. Lett