cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sub-micrometer near-field focusing of spin waves in ultrathin YIG films
Creators: name: Divinskiy, B.
name: Thiery, N.
name: Vila, L.
name: Klein, O.
name: Beaulieu, N.
name: Youssef, J. Ben
name: Demokritov, S. O.
name: Demidov, V. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally demonstrate tight focusing of a spin wave beam excited in extended nanometer-thick films of Yttrium Iron Garnet by a simple microscopic antenna functioning as a single-slit near-field lens. We show that the focal distance and the minimum transverse width of the focal spot can be controlled in a broad range by varying the frequency/wavelength of spin waves and the antenna geometry. The experimental data are in good agreement with the results of numerical simulations. Our findings provide a simple solution for implementation of magnonic nano-devices requiring local concentration of the spin-wave energy.
title: Influence of Zr, Cr and Sc alloying on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a Al-Mg-Si casting alloy
Creators: name: Prach, Olena
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2021

description: The aim of this work is to investigate the influence of Zr, Cr and Sc alloying elements on a Al-5Mg-2Si-0.6Mn alloy produced using high-pressure die casting technique (HPDC). Previous study has shown a promising improvement of the mechanical properties in die-casting alloys doped with Sc. However, taking into account the high price of the Al-Sc master alloys and of pure Sc (even a small addition of it can increase the price of the alloy significantly), an important motivation of this research is to explore the possibility of full or partial Sc substitution by Zr and/or Cr. Thus, the first part of this research deals with the effects produced by chosen alloying elements in the as-received alloys. As compared to the wrought Al-Mg-Si alloys, where the main strengthening effect is produced by precipitation hardening through formation of Mg2Si nanoscale particles, here the effect induced by solution strengthening takes place. Despite the fact that HPDC alloys are not recommended to heat treated with high temperatures (T6) due to the enhanced porosity, several temperature modes have been proposed in order to reach the strengthening effect through formation of Al3Sc and Mg2Si strengthening particles. Such a combination of precipitates is not straightforward due to the different temperature of formation of these particles. Nevertheless, it was thought to be possible to combine two mechanisms: precipitation hardening and solid solution strengthening; or alternatively to find the optimal heat treatment for the investigated alloys. With this task the second part of current work deals.
An Optimal Algorithm for Approximate Nearest Neighbor Searching in Fixed Dimensions
Creators: name: Wu, Angela
name: Arya, Sunil
name: Mount, David M.
name: Netanyahu, Nathan S.
name: Silverman, Ruth
Publisher: name: ACM
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 46
subject: Information and computing sciences

description: Consider a set S of n data points in real d-dimensional space, Rd, where distances are measured using any Minkowski metric. In nearest neighbor searching, we preprocess S into a data structure, so that given any query point q [ Rd, is the closest point of S to q can be reported quickly. Given any positive real e , a data point p is a (11 e )-approximate nearest neighbor of q if its distance from q is within a factor of (1 1 e ) of the distance to the true nearest neighbor. We show that it is possible to preprocess a set of n points in Rd in O(dn log n) time and O(dn) space, so that given a query point q [ Rd, and e . 0, a (11 e )-approximate nearest neighbor of q can be computed in O(cd, e log n) time, where cd, e # d 1 1 6d/ e d is a factor depending only on dimension and e . In general, we show that given an integer k $ 1, (1 1 e )-approximations to the k nearest neighbors of q can be computed in additional O(kd log n) time.
Diffusion-limited aggregation in channel geometry
Creators: name: Somfai, Ellak
name: Ball, Robin C.
name: DeVita, Jason P.
name: Sander, Leonard M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed extensive numerical simulation of diffusion-limited aggregation in two dimensional channel geometry. Contrary to earlier claims, the measured fractal dimension D = 1.712 +- 0.002 and its leading correction to scaling are the same as in the radial case. The average cluster, defined as the average conformal map, is similar but not identical to Saffman-Taylor fingers.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, submitted to PRE (minor changes)
XML framework for concept description and knowledge representation
Creators: name: de Vries, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.7.2; E.2; H.1.1; G.2.3

description: An XML framework for concept description is given, based upon the fact that the tree structure of XML implies the logical structure of concepts as defined by attributional calculus. Especially, the attribute-value representation is implementable in the XML framework. Since the attribute-value representation is an important way to represent knowledge in AI, the framework offers a further and simpler way than the powerful RDF technology.
description: 9 pages
Revealing magnetic component in crystalline Fe-gluconate
Creators: name: Dubiel, Stanisław M.
name: Żukrowski, Jan
name: Bałanda, Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low temperature Mössbauer spectroscopic and magnetization measurements were performed on a crystalline sample of Fe-gluconate. Fe atoms were revealed to exist in two phases i.e. a major (90-94 pct.) and a minor (6-10 pct.). Based on values of spectral parameters the former can be regarded as ferrous and the latter as ferric. A sub spectrum associated with the ferric phase shows a significant broadening below ca. 30 K corresponding to 7.5 kGs. A magnetic origin of the effect was confirmed by the magnetization measurements. Evidence on the effect of the magnetism on the lattice vibrations of Fe atoms in both components was found. The Debye temperature, T_D, associated with the vibrations of Fe2+ ions is by a factor of about 2 smaller in the temperature range below ca. 30 K than the one determined from the data measured above ca. 30 K. Interestingly, the T_D-value found for the Fe3+ ions from the data recorded below ca.30 K is about two times smaller than the corresponding value determined for the Fe2+ ions.
description: 19 Pages, 12 Figures, 2 Tables, 17 References
Moving and Reactive Boundary Conditions in Moving-Mesh Hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Prust, Logan J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We outline the methodology of implementing moving boundary conditions into the moving-mesh code MANGA. The motion of our boundaries is reactive to hydrodynamic and gravitational forces. We discuss the hydrodynamics of a moving boundary as well as the modifications to our hydrodynamic and gravity solvers. Appropriate initial conditions to accurately produce a boundary of arbitrary shape are also discussed. Our code is applied to several test cases, including a Sod shock tube, a Sedov-Taylor blast wave and a supersonic wind on a sphere. We show the convergence of conserved quantities in our simulations. We demonstrate the use of moving boundaries in astrophysical settings by simulating a common envelope phase in a binary system, in which the companion object is modeled by a spherical boundary. We conclude that our methodology is suitable to simulate astrophysical systems using moving and reactive boundary conditions.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Forecasting Tax Revenue and its Volatility in Tanzania
Creators: name: Chimilila, Cyril
name: Chimilila, Cyril
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Tax Revenue Forecasting
subject: Combined Forecasts
subject: ARMA and GARCH

description: Forecasting tax revenue and its predictability is important for government budgeting and tax administration purposes. This study used monthly tax revenue data for a period of 182 months spanning January 2000 to February 2015. The study applied ARMA and combined forecast models, and GARCH models to forecast tax revenue and its volatility, respectively. Tax revenue was found to increase steady over the period, although with a persistent volatility which increases over time. The observed volatility was found to be associated with taxes from bases (income) which have high volatility. Based on various forecast accuracy evaluation criteria, the study recommends combined forecasts and GARCH(1,1) models for forecasting monthly revenue and its volatility, respectively. The study further recommends enhanced diversity of taxes through widening consumption tax base within the existing tax portfolio so as to enhance its contribution to revenue collection and reduce volatility.
Cosmological perturbations across a curvature bounce
Creators: name: Gasperini, M.
name: Giovannini, M.
name: Veneziano, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: String-inspired cosmologies, whereby a non-singular curvature bounce is induced by a general-covariant, $T$-duality-invariant, non-local dilaton potential, are used to study numerically how inhomogeneities evolve and to compare the outcome with analytic expressions obtained through different matching conditions across the bounce. Good agreement is found if continuity across the bounce is assumed to hold for $\cal{R}$, the curvature perturbation on comoving hypersurfaces, rather than for the Bardeen potential.
description: 36 pages, 5 included figures
The Link between Farm Household Objectives and Investment in Irrigation Scheme: Implications for Collective Action Coordination Efficiency
Creators: name: George, Sonda
name: Ngaruko, Deus
name: George, Sonda
name: Ngaruko, Deus
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Transaction cost
subject: collective action coordination
subject: irrigation systems
subject: 2SLS
subject: Instrumental variable
subject: Tanzania

description: This paper examined the association between farm household varying objectives (commercial or subsistence orientation) and own investment expenditures (enterprising tendency) interdependence in explaining the implications for Collective Action (CA) coordination in the common. Cross sectional research design was employed to collect data from a total of 184 randomly sampled farm households involved in rice irrigation farming in the selected seven irrigation schemes located in five districts of Ngudu, Misungwi, Shinyanga rural, Bunda and Rorya within the Lake Victoria basin. Collected data were analysed using 2SLS regression analysis to establish factors determining enterprising tendency, a proxy for coordination incentive. Results indicated that farm household objectives; particularly commercial/market oriented production was an important incentive for coordination. This variable must be hand in hand with other exogenous variables designated as “excluded instruments” for greater impact, which positively and significantly supported market oriented production. Other variables like trust, contact cost/communication and experience were important determinant of enterprising tendency (incentives/ disincentive) in the Tanzanian irrigation systems CA coordination. The study recommends strengthening of advisory services in the irrigation schemes, particularly capacity building with regard to business development services (BDS) for commercial oriented production, and a comprehensive CA management training tailored particularly, into building trust among member farmers, which positively influenced enterprising tendency. Improvement of group leadership management training- which was a disincentive for investment in the irrigation, and so do CA coordination is crucial.
Energy spectra of the ocean's internal wave field: theory and observations
Creators: name: Lvov, Yuri V.
name: Polzin, Kurt L.
name: Tabak, Esteban G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high-frequency limit of the Garrett and Munk spectrum of internal waves in the ocean and the observed deviations from it are shown to form a pattern consistent with the predictions of wave turbulence theory. In particular, the high frequency limit of the Garrett and Munk spectrum constitutes an {\it exact} steady state solution of the corresponding kinetic equation.
description: 4 pages, one color figure
FACTOR MARKET ACTIVITY AND THE INVERSE FARM SIZEPRODUCTIVITY RELATIONSHIP IN TANZANIA
Creators: name: Wineman, Ayala
name: Jayne, Thomas S.
name: Wineman, Ayala
name: Jayne, Thomas S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Tanzania

description: Although the inverse farm size-productivity relationship (IR) is sometimes used to motivate arguments in favor of smallholder-led agricultural development, it remains unclear what drives this relationship. It may be attributed to market imperfections that compel small farms to use land more intensively than large farms. Using a three-wave longitudinal household survey from Tanzania, we examine whether the intensity of the IR is related to local factor market activity for land, labor, credit, and animal and machine traction. The IR is evident in Tanzania, although it disappears when family labor is valued at the prevailing local agricultural wage rate. This suggests that labor market imperfections (possibly linked to other market failures) drive the IR. Furthermore, the IR is significantly weakened in the presence of relatively active markets for most factors of production. This suggests that the IR is at least partly driven by imperfections in rural factor markets, underscoring the importance of strategies to improve the functioning of these markets.
Far-field Excitation of Single Graphene Plasmon Cavities with Ultra-compressed Mode-volumes
Creators: name: Epstein, Itai
name: Alcaraz, David
name: Huang, Zhiqin
name: Pusapati, Varun-Varma
name: Hugonin, Jean-Paul
name: Kumar, Avinash
name: Deputy, Xander
name: Khodkov, Tymofiy
name: Rappoport, Tatiana G.
name: Peres, Nuno M. R.
name: Smith, David R.
name: Koppens, Frank H. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Acoustic-graphene-plasmons (AGPs) are highly confined electromagnetic modes, carrying large momentum and low loss in the mid-infrared/Terahertz spectra. Owing to their ability to confine light to extremely small dimensions, they bear great potential for ultra-strong light-matter interactions in this long wavelength regime, where molecular fingerprints reside. However, until now AGPs have been restricted to micron-scale areas, reducing their confinement potential by several orders-of-magnitude. Here, by utilizing a new type of graphene-based magnetic-resonance, we realize single, nanometric-scale AGP cavities, reaching record-breaking mode-volume confinement factors of $\thicksim5\cdot10^{-10}$. This AGP cavity acts as a mid-infrared nanoantenna, which is efficiently excited from the far-field, and electrically tuneble over an ultra-broadband spectrum. Our approach provides a new platform for studying ultra-strong-coupling phenomena, such as chemical manipulation via vibrational-strong-coupling, and a path to efficient detectors and sensors, in this challenging spectral range.
Exact cosmological solutions of scale-invariant gravity theories
Creators: name: Barrow, John D.
name: Clifton, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have found new anisotropic vacuum solutions for the scale-invariant gravity theories which generalise Einstein's general relativity to a theory derived from the Lagrangian $R^{1+δ}$. These solutions are expanding universes of Kasner form with an initial spacetime singularity at $t=0 $ and exist for $-1/20$.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure
title: Scalable Data Analytics and Machine Learning on the Cloud
Creators: name: Salama, Abdallah
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2021

description: In recent years, cloud computing has become an alternative to on-premise solutions for enterprises to host their IT-stack. The main idea behind cloud computing is to offer remote, bundled IT resources, especially data storage and computing power, without the need for active management by the user. Due to the economy of scale, cloud computing not only often comes with much lower costs than on-premise solutions but also provides users with the ability to scale-up and -down their resources based on their needs. A major building block of enterprise applications today are database management systems (DBMSs), which are used to store and query data about customers, orders, etc. However, at the time of starting this research work in 2013, bringing the DBMSs to the cloud for online analytical processing (OLAP) and online transactional processing (OLTP) workloads was an open issue that needed to be tackled. The main reason was that the DBMS architecture, which was designed in the 1980s, was not able to optimally support the new challenges, such as elasticity and fault-tolerance that were arising when moving DBMSs to the cloud. In the first part of this thesis, we present XDB, which is a new parallel database architecture to support scalable data analytics in the cloud. XDB hence not only implements a new partitioning scheme that supports elastic scalability, but it also implements a fine-grained fault-tolerance cost model that minimizes the total runtime of a query in case of failures. In addition to classical database workloads, deep learning workloads get more and more important in the cloud. Deep learning (DL) on deep neural networks (DNNs) has proven that it can solve complex problems such as image understanding and pattern recognition. However, training DL models can take a considerable amount of time. To speed-up the training process, several modern machine learning frameworks support distributed DL. However, users of these frameworks need manually to define the distribution strategy (i.e. number of workers and parameter servers), which is a long and complex process. This user intensive involvement makes these machine learning frameworks not ready for the cloud yet. In the second part of this thesis, we present XAI as a middleware for scalable machine learning, which runs on top of existing machine learning frameworks. In XAI, we wanted to provide scalable support for artificial intelligence (AI) in the cloud similar to what we did in the first part for DBMS. XAI implements a new approach to automate the distributed deployment of a deep training job, which can optimally choose the number of parameter servers and workers to achieve scalable training in the cloud. In this case, the user of machine learning frameworks no longer spends considerable time to manually set the training and the distribution strategy of the DL job.
Does Sustainable Intensification of Maize Production Enhance Child Nutrition? Evidence from Rural Tanzania
Creators: name: Kim, Jongwoo
name: Mason, Nicole M.
name: Snapp, Sieglinde
name: Kim, Jongwoo
name: Mason, Nicole M.
name: Snapp, Sieglinde
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: Tanzania
subject: Food insecurity
subject: child malnutrition
subject: maize

description: Food insecurity, child malnutrition, and land degradation remain persistent problems in Sub-Saharan Africa. Agricultural sustainable intensification (SI) has been proposed as a possible solution to simultaneously address these challenges. Narrowly defined, SI entails raising agricultural productivity while preserving or improving the natural resource base, but broader definitions of SI require that it also maintain or enhance human well-being, including child nutrition. Yet there is little empirical evidence on if adoption of practices that contribute to SI from an environmental standpoint do indeed improve child nutrition. To begin to fill this gap, this study uses nationally representative household panel survey data from Tanzania to analyze the child nutrition effects of rural households’ adoption of farming practices that contribute to the SI of maize production, an important staple. We consider three soil fertility management practices and group households into four categories based on their use of the practices on their maize plots: Non-adoption; Intensification (use of inorganic fertilizer); Sustainable (use of organic fertilizer, maize-legume intercropping, or both); and SI (joint use of inorganic fertilizer with organic fertilizer and/or maize-legume intercropping).
ASSOCIATIVISMO NA AGRICULTURA FAMILIAR: CONTRIBUições PARA O ESTUDO do desenvolvimento No assentamento rural lagoa grande, em Dourados (MS), Brasil
Knowledge, Production Of Newness And The Socio-Technical Transition In Family Agroindustries
Creators: name: Sangalli, Adriana Rita
name: Da Silva, Heloiza Cristina
name: Da Silva, Ivania Freire
name: Schlindwein, Madalena Maria
name: Sangalli, Adriana Rita
name: Da Silva, Heloiza Cristina
name: Da Silva, Ivania Freire
name: Schlindwein, Madalena Maria
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Farm Management
subject: Family farming
subject: Rural settlement
subject: Associativism

description: The rural associativism consists of an integrated system of farmers and, along with cooperation, plays an important role of participation in the creation processes and strengthening of subsistence strategies focused in the permanence of family farmers in rural settlements. To keep living in these plots, however, has become a major challenge for families across Brazil, particularly in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul. This study was performed aiming to research about mechanisms related to associativism and their display in rural settlement Lagoa Grande located in the city of Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The methodology was field research. The data collection was conduced thought semi-structured interviews, and with visits to the farm of each family. According to results, various deficiencies in the settlement could be mitigated or remedied with higher performance of an Association of Inhabitants. The productive efficiency of plots and, the resulting settling of families, besides public policies, depends on restructuration of the Association of Inhabitants, seeking to restore confidence, with the participation of the community, collaboration, and exigency for fulfillment of the role of board of directors.
Paravelia lacrymosa Rodrigues 2014
Creators: name: Carrenho, Renan
name: Rodrigues, Higor D. D.
name: Lima, Adriana Carneiro de
name: Schwertner, Cristiano F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Veliidae
Paravelia
Paravelia lacrymosa

description: Paravelia lacrymosa Rodrigues et al., 2014
 Paravelia lacrymosa Rodrigues, Moreira, Nieser, Chen & Melo in Rodrigues et al., 2014b: 14-15, figs. 7, 9A, 21.
 Holotype: Macropterous ♀, glued to pinned paper; Brasil, MG [Minas Gerais], Serra [do] Caraça, 1380 m, XI.[1]961, Kloss, Lenko, Martins & Silva col.
description: Published as part of Carrenho, Renan, Rodrigues, Higor D. D., Lima, Adriana Carneiro de & Schwertner, Cristiano F., 2020, Type specimens of true bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) housed in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, pp. 1-16 in Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 60 on page 8, DOI: 10.11606/1807-0205/2020.60.17, http://zenodo.org/record/4614885
The structure of extra loops
Creators: name: Kinyon, Michael K.
name: Kunen, Kenneth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20N05

description: The Sylow theorems hold for finite extra loops, as does P. Hall's theorem for finite solvable extra loops. Every finite nonassociative extra loop $Q$ has a nontrivial center, $Z(Q)$. Furthermore, $Q/Z(Q)$ is a group whenever $|Q| < 512$. Loop extensions are used to construct an infinite nonassociative extra loop with a trivial center and a nonassociative extra loop $Q$ of order 512 such that $Q/Z(Q)$ is nonassociative. There are exactly 16 nonassociative extra loops of order $16p$ for each odd prime $p$.
description: 18 pages, AMS-LaTeX; v.3: minor corrections suggested by referee
Impact of health policy changes on emergency medicine in Maryland stratified by socioeconomic status
Creators: name: Hirshon, Jon M.
name: Pimentel, Laura
name: Anderson, David
name: Golden, Bruce
name: Wasil, Edward
name: Barrueto, Fermin
Publisher: name: Western Journal of Emergency Medicine
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4203
subject: Health services and systems

description: Description to be added
First-principles study of adhesion at Cu/SiO$_2$ interfaces
Creators: name: Nagao, Kazutaka
name: Neaton, J. B.
name: Ashcroft, N. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structural, electronic, and adhesive properties of Cu/SiO$_2$ interfaces are investigated using first-principles density-functional theory within the local density approximation. Interfaces between fcc Cu and $α$-cristobalite(001) surfaces with different surface stoichiometries are considered. Interfacial properties are found to be sensitive to the choice of the termination, and the oxygen density at the substrate surface is the most important factor influencing the strength of adhesion. For oxygen-rich interfaces, the O atoms at the interface substantially rearrange after the deposition of Cu layers, suggesting the formation of Cu-O bonds. Significant hybridization between Cu$-d$ and O$-p$ states is evident in site-projected density of states at the interface. As oxygen is systematically removed from the interface, less rearrangement is observed, implying weaker adhesion. Computed adhesion energies for each of the interfaces are found to reflect these observed structural and bonding trends, leading to the largest adhesion energy in the oxygen rich cases. The adhesion energy is also calculated between Cu and SiO$_2$ substrates terminated with hydroxyl groups, and adhesion of Cu to these substrates is found to be considerably reduced. This work supports the notion that Cu films can adhere well to hydroxyl-free SiO$_2$ substrates should oxygen be present in sufficient amounts at the interface.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables
title: Who bites back first?: Malaria control in Ghana and the politics of co-existence
Creators: name: Beisel, Ulrike
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2011

description: There are many studies about global efforts to prevent, manage and control malaria. What is lacking, however, are studies about the relations between scientific interventions and the broader societal dimensions of malaria. In response to this situation the study brings together insights from human and non-human geographies, science and postcolonial studies as well as entomology. Malaria is a disease that emerges out of an encounter between three species: Plasmodium parasite, Anopheles mosquito and human. Accordingly, the object of scholarly attention of this thesis is the encounter itself - the fragile but potentially destructive moment when the lives of three distinct and very much alive species intersect. More concretely, malaria control in Ghana happens in a space where lively mosquitoes meet gold-mining companies, fast evolving parasites encounter enthusiastic vaccine developers and where poor people still struggle to pay for antimalarial drugs. The theoretical and empirical chapters interrogate malaria as a complex interspecies encounter. I examine the agency of human, parasite and mosquito in constituting and (re)defining the disease. Of particular importance to the analysis are practices that constitute malaria and its control interventions. Ultimately, the thesis advocates new inventive spatial topologies in conceptualizing malaria and practicing its control. I argue that human and non-human practices are profoundly intermingled and together constitute the disease. Malaria is articulated in enmeshed ecologies. Reading malaria in this way documents how humans co-exist with micro-organisms, and problematises the ecological conditions as well as social and political configurations of malaria in a postcolonial world.
VARIÁVEIS QUE MAIS INFLUENCIAM NA PLURIATIVIDADE DOS AGRICULTORES FAMILIARES DE ITAPEJARA D´OESTE - PR
Variables that influence the most on the family farmers pluriactivity in Itapejara d’Oeste, State of Paraná
Creators: name: Villwock, Ana Paula Schervinski
name: Santos, Gilson Ditzel
name: Perondi, Miguel Angelo
name: Villwock, Ana Paula Schervinski
name: Santos, Gilson Ditzel
name: Perondi, Miguel Angelo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Production Economics
subject: Pluriactivity
subject: Family farming
subject: Income typology

description: The purpose of this study was to assess variables which influenced the most on the productivity of family farmers of Itapejara d’Oeste in the years of 2005 and 2010. Four typologies of analyzing the pluriactivity were established and, then, a description of the average of variables and regression analysis were carried out. Besides the obvious association of non-farm income and of other labor incomes with the phenomenon of pluriactivity, and the natural negative association with agricultural income, we found out that the workforce availability exerts a positive influence. In addition, we found out that the social transfers exert a negative influence in the pluriactivity of rural family income in the municipality of Itapejara d’Oeste.
Study of the Determinants of Chronic Malnutrition in Northern Nigeria: Qualitative Evidence from Kebbi and Bauchi States
Creators: name: Benson, Todd
name: Amare, Mulubrhan
name: Oyeyemi, Motunrayo
name: Fadare, Olusegun
name: Benson, Todd
name: Amare, Mulubrhan
name: Oyeyemi, Motunrayo
name: Fadare, Olusegun
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: Nigeria
subject: Malnutrition

description: The burden in northern Nigeria of chronic malnutrition, particularly undernutrition, is among the heaviest globally. Close to half of all under-fives in the Northeast and Northwest geopolitical zones were estimated to be stunted in their growth for their age in 2013, compared to 22 percent in the rest of Nigeria. To inform discussions on future programming to address drivers of undernutrition, a rapid scoping study of chronic malnutrition in northern Nigeria was conducted. This report presents findings drawn from interviews with key informants and focus group discussions in Kebbi and Bauchi states and in Abuja conducted in April and May 2017.
On the stability of gravity-driven liquid films overflowing microstructures with sharp corners
Creators: name: Bonart, Henning
name: Jung, Johannes
name: Repke, Jens-Uwe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We are concerned with the stability of thin liquid films overflowing single microstructures with sharp corners. The microstructures were of rectangular and triangular shape. Their heights and widths were 0.25, 0.5 and 0.75 times the Nusselt film thickness. To observe smooth, wavy and very unstable films we performed simulations with Reynolds numbers ranging from 10 to 70. The dynamics of the liquid film and the overflowing gas phase were described by the coupling between the Cahn-Hilliard and Navier-Stokes equations. The resulting model forms a very tightly coupled and nonlinear system of equations. Therefore we carefully selected the solution strategy to enable efficient and accurate large-scale simulations. Our results showed that the formation of waves was shifted to higher Reynolds numbers compared to the film on a smooth surface. If waves were finally formed the microstructures led to irregular waves. Our results indicate a great influence of the microstructure's shape and dimension on the stability of the overflowing liquid film.
Effects of Force and Energy in an Evolving Universe with a Gravitational Source
Creators: name: Sharif, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two models are given by crossing the Friedmann metrics with Schwarzschild and Kerr metrics. In these evolving universes with a gravitational source, the force four-vector and the corresponding potentials are evaluated.
RANKING DAS COOPERATIVAS AGROPECUÁRIAS: UM ESTUDO DOS INDICADORES DE DESEMPENHO E A RELAÇÃO COM ATRIBUTOS DE GOVERNANÇA CORPORATIVA
Ranking of Agricultural Cooperatives: A Study of Performance Indicators and Relations Corporate Governance Attributes
Creators: name: Magro, Cristian Bau Dal
name: Gorla, Marcello Christiano
name: Kroenke, Adriana
name: Hein, Nelson
name: Magro, Cristian Bau Dal
name: Gorla, Marcello Christiano
name: Kroenke, Adriana
name: Hein, Nelson
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Production Economics
subject: Ranking
subject: Performance
subject: Corporate Governance
subject: Agricultural Cooperatives

description: Financial-economic performance indicators can be used for drafting games against the applicable nature of game theory. Some corporate governance attributes can influence organization performance. In this sense, the result of the ranking generated based on the indicators can be used to correlate with a few governance attributes. Facing this perspective, the objective of this study consists of establishing a ranking of the agricultural cooperatives based on financial-economic indicators and the relation with corporate governance attributes. The used methodology is characterized as descriptive and document analysis with a quantitative approach. The sample is comprised of 25 agricultural cooperatives. The data collection was conducted by means of management reports and financial statements released in 2013. The results indicated the list of cooperatives that presented better positions based on the financial-economic performance indicators. We concluded that the separation of ownership and control is related to more satisfactory financial-economic performance and that there is no relation between the size of the administration board and the number of cooperative members with the ranking of the financial-economic performance indicators.
E-cigarettes, a safer alternative for teenagers? A UK focus group study of teenagers’ views
Creators: name: Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal
name: Hilton, Shona
name: Weishaar, Heide
name: Sweeting, Helen
name: Trevisan, Filippo
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Concerns exist that e-cigarettes may be a gateway to traditional cigarettes and/or (re)normalise teenage smoking. This qualitative study explores how teenagers in the UK currently perceive e-cigarettes and how and why they do or do not use them.
CP Violation in Three-body $B$ Decays: A Model Ansatz
Creators: name: Mannel, Thomas
name: Olschewsky, Kevin
name: Vos, K. Keri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mechanism of CP violation remains one of the puzzles in particle physics. Key to understanding this phenomenon are nonleptonic $B$ decays, especially multibody decays which exhibit large CP asymmetries in various regions of phase space. A full QCD-based theoretical description of these decays is still missing, requiring the use of models to fit the data. In this paper, we suggest a model ansatz which reflects the underlying physics and the known mechanism of CP violation via the CKM matrix. In addition, since CP violation is driven by the interference between amplitudes with and without valence charm quarks, we argue that the opening of the open-charm threshold may play an important role in generating CP violation in the high invariant mass region. We present a natural extension of the isobar model to incorporate these effects. We suggest an analysis of nonleptonic three-body $B$ decay data including this extension, which would be interesting as it may give new hints to the sources of CP violation both at low and high invariant mass.
description: TUM-HEP-1259/20, SI-HEP-2020-06
Non-Fermi Liquid behavior in CeIrIn$_5$ near a metamagnetic transition
Creators: name: Capan, C.
name: Bianchi, A.
name: Ronning, F.
name: Lacerda, A.
name: Thompson, J. D.
name: Pagliuso, P. G.
name: Sarrao, J. L.
name: Movshovich, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present specific heat and resistivity study of CeIrIn5 in magnetic fields up to 17 T and temperature down to 50 mK. Both quantities were measured with the magnetic field parallel to the c-axis (H || [001]) and within the a-b plane (H \perp [001]). Non-Fermi-liquid (NFL) behavior develops above 12 T for H || [001]. The Fermi liquid state is much more robust for H \perp [001] and is suppressed only moderately at the highest applied field. Based on the observed trends and the proximity to a metamagnetic phase transition, which exists at fields above 25 T for H || [001], we suggest that the observed NFL behavior in CeIrIn5 is a consequence of a metamagnetic quantum critical point.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Letters
Study of the Determinants of Chronic Malnutrition in Northern Nigeria: Qualitative Evidence from Kebbi and Bauchi States
Creators: name: Amare, Mulubrhan
name: Benson, Todd
name: Fadare, Olusegun
name: Oyeyemi, Motunrayo
name: Amare, Mulubrhan
name: Benson, Todd
name: Fadare, Olusegun
name: Oyeyemi, Motunrayo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: Nigeria
subject: malnutrition

description: Close to half of all children under five years of age in the Northeast and Northwest geopolitical zones were estimated to be stunted in their growth for their age in 2013, compared to 22 percent in the rest of Nigeria. To better understand the drivers of chronic child undernutrition in northern Nigeria and how those drivers differ from other areas of the country, an econometric analysis was done of data from the 2008 and 2013 Nigeria Demographic and Health Surveys. The quantitative analyses focused on children aged 6 to 23 months. A standard child-level regression based approach was used for the first part of the analysis using as the dependent variable whether the child is stunted (height-for-age z-score (HAZ) < -2.0). The analysis then was extended by comparing the model for northern Nigeria in 2013 to other areas of Nigeria in 2013 to decompose differences between the models.
Paravelia micromaculata Rodrigues 2014
Creators: name: Carrenho, Renan
name: Rodrigues, Higor D. D.
name: Lima, Adriana Carneiro de
name: Schwertner, Cristiano F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Veliidae
Paravelia
Paravelia micromaculata

description: Paravelia micromaculata Rodrigues et al., 2014
 Paravelia micromaculata Rodrigues, Moreira, Nieser, Chen & Melo in Rodrigues et al., 2014b: 15-17, figs. 8, 9B, 21.
 Holotype: Macropterous ♀, glued to pinned paper; Brasil, Maranhão, Aldeia Yavaruhu, Rio Gurupi, about 30 km west of Canindé, isolated trail, forest stream with mud, gravel and leaf litter, 14.II.1966, B. Malkin col.
description: Published as part of Carrenho, Renan, Rodrigues, Higor D. D., Lima, Adriana Carneiro de & Schwertner, Cristiano F., 2020, Type specimens of true bugs (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) housed in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil, pp. 1-16 in Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 60 on page 9, DOI: 10.11606/1807-0205/2020.60.17, http://zenodo.org/record/4614885
title: Adult student motives for accessing the Vocational Training Opportunities Scheme
Creators: name: Egan, Laurenz Anthony Joseph
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2010

description: The overall aim of this thesis is to uncover adult student motives for returning to a full-time formal adult education programme called the Vocational Training Opportunities Scheme (VTOS) and to better understand the obstacles encountered by such adults. This thesis profiles VTOS students during the 2007 - 2008 academic year and their views are illuminated by research conducted with VTOS coordinators during a three-year period from 2006 to 2008 inclusive. Applying a pragmatic philosophical underpinning or conceptual framework to a mixed methods sequential explanatory strategy, enabled this researcher to address this thesis in a triangulated manner. This thesis evidences the idiosyncratic nature of adult students and uncovers a multitude of motivating factors which influence the decisions of adult learners to participate in VTOS. A key finding of this research is that VTOS students are motivated both by the prospect of employment and by the prospect of further studies leading to employment. Obstacles to accessing VTOS are explored and the restrictive capacity of VTOS emerged as one of the greatest national obstacles. Many other obstacles emerged from within the student, the greatest of which was a lack of self-belief. A series of conclusions and recommendations are presented, including; an increase in the capacity of VTOS to meet current demands, a review of financial incentives for grant assisted adult students, the establishment of Local Adult Learning Boards and the promotion of an ambassador students programme to further encourage word of mouth and reduce the obstacles of fear and self-doubt amongst potential students. It is hoped that the findings of this research will further the discussion of interested parties on the following aspects of VTOS; widening participation, recruitment, admissions, retention, achievement and programme content.
E-cigarettes, a safer alternative for teenagers? A UK focus group study of teenagers’ views
Creators: name: Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal
name: Hilton, Shona
name: Weishaar, Heide
name: Sweeting, Helen
name: Trevisan, Filippo
Publisher: name: BMJ Open
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 32
subject: Biomedical and clinical sciences

description: Concerns exist that e-cigarettes may be a gateway to traditional cigarettes and/or (re)normalise teenage smoking. This qualitative study explores how teenagers in the UK currently perceive e-cigarettes and how and why they do or do not use them.
Subnational Variation in Policy Implementation: The Case of Nigerian Land Governance Reform
Creators: name: Resnick, Danielle
name: Okumo, Austen
name: Resnick, Danielle
name: Okumo, Austen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: governance
subject: Nigeria
subject: land reform
subject: policy implementation
subject: political will
subject: state capacity

description: When and why do policymakers implement land governance reforms? We address this question by focusing on differential implementation of Systematic Land Tenure Regularization (SLTR) across six states in Nigeria. Although improved land governance has many long-term benefits, including developed property and housing markets, increased agricultural investment, and an expanded source of revenue, the short-term outcomes are less visible to citizens. In theory, this would create low political incentives for implementation among policymakers. In practice, we observe higher levels of implementation in some states compared to others despite almost universally low public demand for SLTR. To explain this puzzle, we use a structured comparative analysis that draws on interviews with more than 90 federal and state-level stakeholders in Cross River, Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, and Ondo states. We find that the collective presence of bureaucratic autonomy, diversity of donor funding, and continuity in state government administrations are more likely to explain where SLTR implementation has progressed the most.
Ultrafast charge-transfer exciton dynamics in C$_{60}$ thin films
Creators: name: Emmerich, Sebastian
name: Hedwig, Sebastian
name: Arnoldi, Benito
name: Stöckl, Johannes
name: Haag, Florian
name: Hemm, Ralf
name: Cinchetti, Mirko
name: Mathias, Stefan
name: Stadtmüller, Benjamin
name: Aeschlimann, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high flexibility of organic molecules offers great potential for designing the optical properties of light-active materials for the next generation of optoelectronic and photonic applications. However, despite successful implementations of molecular materials in todays' display and photovoltaic technology, many fundamental aspects of the light-to-charge conversion have still to be uncovered. Here, we focus on the ultrafast dynamics of optically excited excitons in C$_{60}$ thin films depending on the molecular coverage and the light-polarization of the optical excitons. Using time- and momentum-resolved photoemission with fs-XUV radiation, we follow the depopulation dynamics in the excited states while simultaneously monitoring the signatures of the excitonic charge character in the molecular valence states. Optical excitation with visible light results in the instantaneous formation of charge-transfer (CT) excitons, which transform stepwise into energetically lower Frenkel-like excitons. While the number and energetic position of energy levels within this cascade process are independent of the molecular coverage and the light polarization of the optical excitation, we find quantitative differences in the depopulation times and the optical excitation efficiency. Our comprehensive study reveals the crucial role of CT excitons for the excited state dynamics of homo-molecular fullerene materials and thin films.