cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Facing decoupling: use of payments and investment reaction to decoupling in the EU
Creators: name: Viaggi, Davide
name: Raggi, Meri
name: Gomez Y Paloma, Sergio
name: Viaggi, Davide
name: Raggi, Meri
name: Gomez Y Paloma, Sergio
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Production Economics
subject: decoupling
subject: empirical survey
subject: investment
subject: CAP reform

description: The main objective of this paper is to evaluate ex-post the effects of the 2003 reform, in particular decoupling, of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) in the European Union (EU), with a specific focus on farm investment behaviour. In the past years a number of studies have addressed the issue of the impact of EU policy reforms. However, long-term effects of policy changes and related impacts on structural and investment behaviour received relatively little attention. This study is based on a survey of farm households in a number of EU Member States. In the majority of cases, farmers stated they were indifferent to decoupling. Where any change occurred, the impact of decoupling was highly differentiated. Numerous reactions are better explained by various individual household/farm characteristics, rather than by association with a specific agricultural system.
Methadone dosing in Vancouver, British Columbia : the distribution of prescribed doses, predictors of dose and dose-associated behaviours
Creators: name: Piaseczna, Magdalena Anna
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Objectives: The primary objectives of this study are to describe the methadone doses that are being prescribed in a large population of injection drug users in Vancouver, British Columbia, to determine whether methadone dose adequacy, along with other factors, are associated with prescribing certain methadone doses and to determine whether patient perception of dose adequacy is associated with the presence of HIV-risk behaviours over time. This thesis also aims to provide a deeper understanding of methadone treatment programs in British Columbia and suggest ways in which methadone maintenance treatment programs can be improved. Methods: The Vancouver Injection Drug Users Study follows injection drug users in British Columbia's Lower Mainland through semi-annual interviewer-administered questionnaires. Interviewers gather detailed information, including data regarding participants' age, gender, HIV status, injection and drug-using behaviour, treatment program utilization. Linear, logistic and generalized estimating equation analyses were performed to address the objectives above. Results: The median methadone dose was approximately 100 mg per day. Patient perspective of dose adequacy was significantly associated with the dose that patients were prescribed, with persons who reported too low a dose receiving the highest doses and those who reported that their dose was high received the lowest methadone doses. Subsequent analyses demonstrated that patients' perspectives of dose adequacy were associated with prevalence of specific HIV risk behaviours such as condom use heroin injection. Conclusion: Methadone doses in the Lower Mainland are high compared to the majority of reports in the literature around the world. Patient satisfaction with dose is highly associated with prescribed methadone dose, which in turn strongly associated with HIV risk behaviours over time. Methadone providers need to work with patients to ensure patient satisfaction with methadone treatment to positively influence methadone treatment outcomes.
TransForm: Formally Specifying Transistency Models and Synthesizing Enhanced Litmus Tests
Creators: name: Hossain, Naorin
name: Trippel, Caroline
name: Martonosi, Margaret
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Memory consistency models (MCMs) specify the legal ordering and visibility of shared memory accesses in a parallel program. Traditionally, instruction set architecture (ISA) MCMs assume that relevant program-visible memory ordering behaviors only result from shared memory interactions that take place between user-level program instructions. This assumption fails to account for virtual memory (VM) implementations that may result in additional shared memory interactions between user-level program instructions and both 1) system-level operations (e.g., address remappings and translation lookaside buffer invalidations initiated by system calls) and 2) hardware-level operations (e.g., hardware page table walks and dirty bit updates) during a user-level program's execution. These additional shared memory interactions can impact the observable memory ordering behaviors of user-level programs. Thus, memory transistency models (MTMs) have been coined as a superset of MCMs to additionally articulate VM-aware consistency rules. However, no prior work has enabled formal MTM specifications, nor methods to support their automated analysis. To fill the above gap, this paper presents the TransForm framework. First, TransForm features an axiomatic vocabulary for formally specifying MTMs. Second, TransForm includes a synthesis engine to support the automated generation of litmus tests enhanced with MTM features (i.e., enhanced litmus tests, or ELTs) when supplied with a TransForm MTM specification. As a case study, we formally define an estimated MTM for Intel x86 processors, called x86t_elt, that is based on observations made by an ELT-based evaluation of an Intel x86 MTM implementation from prior work and available public documentation. Given x86t_elt and a synthesis bound as input, TransForm's synthesis engine successfully produces a set of ELTs including relevant ELTs from prior work.
description: *This is an updated version of the TransForm paper that features updated results reflecting performance optimizations and software bug fixes. 14 pages, 11 figures, Proceedings of the 47th Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture (ISCA)
On particle acceleration around shocks II: a fully general method for arbitrary shock velocities and scattering media
Creators: name: Blasi, Pasquale
name: Vietri, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The probability that a particle, crossing the shock along a given direction, be reflected backwards along another direction, was shown to be the key element in determining the spectrum of non--thermal particles accelerated via the Fermi mechanism around a plane--parallel shock in the test--particle limit. Here an explicit equation for this probability distribution is given, for both the upstream and downstream sections. Though analytically intractable, this equation is solved numerically, allowing the determination of the spectrum in full generality, without limitation to shock speed or scattering properties. A number of cases is then computed, making contact with previous numerical work, in all regimes: Newtonian, trans--relativistic, and fully relativistic.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures. To appear in The Astrophysical Journal
Exploring production-theoretical insights for analyzing trade-offs between economic performance and environmental pressure at firm level
Creators: name: Van Meensel, Jef
name: Lauwers, Ludwig H.
name: Van Huylenbroeck, Guido
name: Van Passel, Steven
name: Van Meensel, Jef
name: Lauwers, Ludwig H.
name: Van Huylenbroeck, Guido
name: Van Passel, Steven
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Production Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: trade-off analysis
subject: production theory
subject: economic performance
subject: environmental performance
subject: materials balance

description: The objective of this paper is to construct a framework for analyzing trade-offs between economic performance and environmental pressure at firm level. Based on a literature review, partially conflicting economic-environmental trade-off paradigms are structured and five necessary conditions for adequate trade-off analysis are put forward. These conditions are delimitating a clear system for which trade-offs are analyzed, assessing the direction of causality between economic performance and environmental pressure, allowing for firm-specific trade-off differences, comprehensiveness with respect to management activities that can be evaluated and flexibility to analyze trade-offs under different market and environmental regulation conditions. To deal with the causality condition, theoretically consistent production, cost, revenue and emission functions are constructed, taking into account the materials balance principle for emission. The linkage between production, economic performance and environmental pressure is then used to construct a framework that integrates the five necessary conditions for trade-off analysis. Our theoretical elaboration shows that economic-environmental implications are firm-specific and depend on the management activity that is applied, on market conditions and on environmental regulation conditions. Theoretically, both pollution prevention and end-of-pipe measures may yield positive or negative economic-environmental trade-offs. Economic-environmental implications of different management activities represent different stages in the trade-off curve. In fact, the partially conflicting trade-off paradigms in literature are also different stages in the trade-off curve. At the end of this paper, some recommendations are given for making the framework operational.
Sampling Theory of Food Safety System
Creators: name: Li, Bing
name: Chen, Guohua
name: Zhu, Ning
name: Li, Bing
name: Chen, Guohua
name: Zhu, Ning
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Exposure model
subject: pollutant model
subject: Stratified sampling
subject: Experimental design
subject: Risk evaluation model
subject: China

description: We introduce the stratified sampling method, and put forward theoretical unbiased estimation of stratified sampling program, as well as the model and statistics of experimental design test. We also discuss the establishment of dietary exposure model, pollutant distribution model, and risk evaluation model. Finally, we present some methods for sampling design in China.
Nucleation and growth in one dimension, part II: Application to DNA replication kinetics
Creators: name: Jun, Suckjoon
name: Bechhoefer, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by recent experiments on DNA replication, we apply a one-dimensional nucleation-and-growth model to DNA-replication kinetics, focusing on how to extract the time-dependent nucleation rate I(t) and growth speed v from data. We discuss generic experimental problems, namely spatial inhomogeneity, measurement noise, and finite-size effects. After evaluating how each of these affects the measurements of I(t) and v, we give guidelines for the design of experiments. These ideas are then discussed in the context of the DNA-replication experiments.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Edge collapse and subsequent longitudinal accretion in Filament S242
Creators: name: Yuan, Lixia
name: Li, Guang-Xing
name: Zhu, Ming
name: Liu, Tie
name: Wang, Ke
name: Liu, Xunchuan
name: Kim, Kee-Tae
name: Tatematsu, Ken'ichi
name: Yuan, Jinghua
name: Wu, Yuefang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Filament S242 is 25 pc long with massive clumps and YSO clusters concentrated in its end regions; it is considered a good example of edge collapse. We mapped this filament in the $^{12}$CO(1-0) and $^{13}$CO(1-0) lines. A large-scale velocity gradient along filament S242 has been detected; the relative velocity between the two end-clumps is $\sim$ 3 km s$^{-1}$, indicating an approaching motion between them. These signatures are consistent with the filament S242 being formed through the collapse of a single elongated entity, where an effect known as "gravitational focusing" drives the ends of the filament to collapse (edge collapse). Based on this picture, we estimate a collapse timescale of $\sim$ 4.2 Myr, which is the time needed for a finite and elongated entity evolving to the observed filament S242. For the whole filament, we find that increases in surface densities lead to increases in velocity dispersion, which can be consistently explained as the result of self-gravity. We also calculated the contribution of longitudinal collapse to the observed velocity dispersion and found it to be the dominant effect in driving the gas motion near the end-clumps. We propose that our filament S242 is formed through a two-stage collapse model, where the edge collapse of a truncated filament is followed by a stage of longitudinal accretion toward the dense end-clumps.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures; Accepted for publication in A&A
Development Path for Small Towns in Underdeveloped Areas - A Case of Ganzhou City in Jiangxi Province
Creators: name: Cheng, Dongwang
name: Cheng, Dongwang
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Small town
subject: Development path
subject: Ganzhou City of China

description: With the increase of per capita GDP, the urbanization level of Ganzhou city has increased significantly. However, urbanization in central region was obviously higher than western and eastern regions. In order to gradually narrow the gap of urbanization between them and to enhance the overall level of urbanization, I try to set up a development mechanism for small towns in Ganzhou City from seven different paths. They are ①establish a strict and normative land management system, ② constitute a Unified household registration system in urban and rural areas, ③ construct a unified and fair employment system, ④ build a multi-layered social security system, ⑤ establish a multilateral financial system and the investment and financing system in small towns for long-term development, ⑥ set up a high efficient administrative system in small towns, ⑦ construct a scientific docking mechanism for industrial gradient transfer. These seven different paths can not only promote the development of rural reform in Ganzhou City, but also has demonstration significance to the development of small towns in underdeveloped areas of China.
Coupling Mechanism of the Tourism Industrial Network Based on Circular Economy
Creators: name: Han, Xinming
name: Zheng, Xiangjiang
name: Han, Xinming
name: Zheng, Xiangjiang
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Circular economy
subject: Tourism industrial network
subject: Coupling mechanism

description: This paper summarizes the research situation of circular economy and tourism industrial network at home and abroad, introduces the concept and characteristics of tourism industrial network, and analyzes the coupling mechanism of tourism industrial network based on circular economy.
Stainability of Cultivated Land in Henan Province Based on Ecological Footprint
Creators: name: Li, Ying-Chao
name: Li, Ying-Chao
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Ecological footprint
subject: Cultivated land
subject: Sustainable utilization
subject: China

description: This paper summarizes the regional situation of Henan Province of China, and introduces the principle of ecological footprint mode, as well as computing formulas of ecological footprint and ecological capacity. According to the related data of Henan Province from 1998 to 2007, this paper firstly calculates the per capita ecological footprint and per capita ecological capacity of Henan Province. Result indicates that cultivated land in Henan Province shows ecological surplus with sustainable land use. And ecological surplus has increased since the year 2003. Secondly, dynamic analysis of ecological footprint of arable land is carried out in Henan Province. Thirdly, this paper also studies on the per capita ecological demand and supply in 18 districts and cities of Henan Province in 2007. And cultivated land in these areas is sustainable. Zhumadian City has the highest ecological surplus and per capita ecological capacity, and Nanyang City has the highest per capita ecological footprint. Based on this, this paper puts forward five proposals on ensuring the increase of grain yield.
Driving Factors and Model of Change in Arable Land Area in China
Creators: name: Lei, Zhanbo
name: Du, Haowen
name: Lei, Zhanbo
name: Du, Haowen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Arable land
subject: Driving factor
subject: Factor analysis
subject: Regression analysis
subject: China

description: We analyze the characteristics of the change in arable land area in China according to the change data of arable land area and other relevant data from the year 1996 to 2006, and adopt Factor Analysis Method and Stepwise Regression Method to carry out quantitative analysis on the driving factors of arable land change of China. We also establish the regression model of driving factors and arable land area. Finally, some corresponding suggestions are put forward.
Additional file 1 of Associations of perceived neighborhood environment and physical activity with metabolic syndrome among Mexican–Americans adults: a cross sectional examination
Creators: name: Joseph, Rodney P.
name: Vega-López, Sonia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Correlations (Spearman’s) among individual scales on the Neighborhood Scales Questionnaire.
Exceptional points in Fermi liquids with quadrupolar interactions
Creators: name: Aquino, Rui
name: Barci, Daniel G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show the existence of non-Hermitian degeneracies, known as exceptional points, in the collective mode spectrum of Fermi liquids with quadrupolar interactions. Through a careful analysis of the analytic properties of the dynamic quadrupolar susceptibility, we show that, in the weak attractive region, two stable collective modes coalesce to an exceptional point. We completely characterize this singularity, explicitly showing its topological properties. Experimental signatures are also discussed.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. In this version we have added "Supplemental Material". Version accepted for publication in PRB Rapid Communications
A New Construction of Einstein-Sasaki Metrics in D >= 7
Creators: name: Lu, H.
name: Pope, C. N.
name: Vazquez-Poritz, J. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct explicit Einstein-Kahler metrics in all even dimensions D=2n+4 \ge 6, in terms of a $2n$-dimensional Einstein-Kahler base metric. These are cohomogeneity 2 metrics which have the new feature of including a NUT-type parameter, in addition to mass and rotation parameters. Using a canonical construction, these metrics all yield Einstein-Sasaki metrics in dimensions D=2n+5 \ge 7. As is commonly the case in this type of construction, for suitable choices of the free parameters the Einstein-Sasaki metrics can extend smoothly onto complete and non-singular manifolds, even though the underlying Einstein-Kahler metric has conical singularities. We discuss some explicit examples in the case of seven-dimensional Einstein-Sasaki spaces. These new spaces can provide supersymmetric backgrounds in M-theory, which play a role in the AdS_4/CFT_3 correspondence.
description: Latex, 18 pages, 2 figures, minor typos corrected
Broadband, millimeter-wave anti-reflective structures on sapphire ablated with femto-second laser
Creators: name: Takaku, R.
name: Hanany, S.
name: Imada, H.
name: Ishino, H.
name: Katayama, N.
name: Komatsu, K.
name: Konishi, K.
name: Kuwata-Gonokami, M.
name: Matsumura, T.
name: Mitsuda, K.
name: Sakurai, H.
name: Sakurai, Y.
name: Wen, Q.
name: Yamasaki, N. Y.
name: Young, K.
name: Yumoto, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We designed, fabricated, and measured anti-reflection coating (ARC) on sapphire that has 116% fractional bandwidth and transmission of at least 97% in the millimeter wave band. The ARC was based on patterning pyramid-like sub-wavelength structures (SWS) using ablation with a 15 W femto-second laser operating at 1030 nm. One side of each of two discs was fabricated with SWS that had a pitch of 0.54 mm and height of 2 mm. The average ablation volume removal rate was 1.6 mm$^{3}$/min. Measurements of the two-disc sandwich show transmission higher than 97% between 43 and 161 GHz. We characterize instrumental polarization (IP) arising from differential transmission due to asymmetric SWS. We find that with proper alignment of the two disc sandwich RMS IP across the band is predicted to be 0.07% at normal incidence, and less than 0.6% at incidence angles up to 20 degrees. These results indicate that laser ablation of SWS on sapphire and on other hard materials such as alumina is an effective way to fabricate broad-band ARC.
Waterworks! : managing water on the False Creek mud flats
Creators: name: Larue, Anais Sherry Marie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis proposes an alternative sewer and storm water management strategy for a newly proposed mixed-use light industrial community that is to reside on the 10.0 hectares Trillium & city park site. This site is currently up for redevelopment on the False Creek Flats of Vancouver. The potential environmental impacts of this development on the adjacent False Creek Inlet, and the Pacific Ocean will be fairly significant if new ecological models of sewer and storm water management are not implemented. The methodology is broken down into five parts. The first section describes the local policies and that are centered on water quality and protection. The second section describes the natural hydrological cycle, and how the conventional sewage and stormwater system disrupts the natural interaction of water with the landscape. This is followed by a brief outline of the environmental impacts that are associated with conventional stormwater and wastewater treatment. The third section explores some of the precedents and case studies that have successfully implemented alternative stormwater and wastewater management strategies on the community level. The fourth section gives a description of the Trillium site, covering the history and its present day conditions. The fifth section outlines the design program for the Trillium site that is based on the outcome of the preceding analysis. The final section proposes an alternative sewage and stormwater management design for the Trillium site based on the findings described in the design program. In conclusion the final design proposal for the Trillium site illustrates how an alternative sewage and stormwater management model can be effectively implemented into a community design to meet specific environmental water quality standards and local policy. However, the healing and ongoing protection of local waterways would require that all communities throughout the city and the Lower Mainland adopt similar alternative systems. The central idea then is to prohibit pollution of water altogether, rather than simply permitting specified amounts of pollutants into the environment. Only then will we really start to live in closer harmony with the natural world.
A Economia Agrícola do Norte de Moçambique: Desenvolvimentos Recentes e Perspectivas
Creators: name: Arlindo, Pedro
name: Santos, Ana Paula
name: Abdula, Danilo Carimo
name: Tschirley, David L.
name: Arlindo, Pedro
name: Santos, Ana Paula
name: Abdula, Danilo Carimo
name: Tschirley, David L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: food security
subject: food policy
subject: Mozambique

description: Resultados das investigações do Departamento de Análise de Políticas MADER-Direcção de Economía
Extension of the Poincaré Symmetry and Its Field Theoretical Implementation
Creators: name: Tanasa, Adrian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We define a new algebraic extension of the Poincaré symmetry; this algebra is used to implement a field theoretical model. Free Lagrangians are explicitly constructed; several discussions regarding degrees of freedom, compatibility with Abelian gauge invariance etc. are done. Finally we analyse the possibilities of interaction terms for this model.
description: Published in SIGMA (Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications) at http://www.emis.de/journals/SIGMA/
Searching for Molecular Outflows with Support Vector Machines: Dark Cloud Complex in Cygnus
Creators: name: Zhang, Shaobo
name: Yang, Ji
name: Xu, Ye
name: Chen, Xuepeng
name: Su, Yang
name: Sun, Yan
name: Zhou, Xin
name: Li, Yingjie
name: Lu, Dengrong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a survey of molecular outflows across the dark cloud complex in the Cygnus region, based on 46.75 deg^2 field of CO isotopologues data from Milky Way Imaging Scroll Painting (MWISP) survey. A supervised machine learning algorithm, Support Vector Machine (SVM), is introduced to accelerate our visual assessment of outflow features in the data cube of 12CO and 13CO J = 1-0 emission. A total of 130 outflow candidates are identified, of which 77 show bipolar structures and 118 are new detections. Spatially, these outflows are located inside dense molecular clouds and some of them are found in clusters or in elongated linear structures tracing the underlying gas filament morphology. Along the line of sight, 97, 31, and 2 candidates reside in the Local, Perseus, and Outer arm, respectively. Young stellar objects as outflow drivers are found near most outflows, while 36 candidates show no associated source. The clusters of outflows that we detect are inhomogeneous in their properties; nevertheless, we show that the outflows cannot inject turbulent energy on cloud scales. Instead, at best, they are restricted to affecting the so called "clump" and "core" scales, and this only on short (~0.3 Myr) estimated timescales. Combined with outflow samples in the literature, our work shows a tight outflow mass-size correlation.
description: 23 pages, 15 figures and 2 tables, accepted for publication in ApJS
Maize Exportation Threat to Rural Food Security? Results of a Survey of Rural Households in Northern Mozambique
Creators: name: SIMA, Research Team
name: SIMA, Research Team
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: food security
subject: food policy
subject: Mozambique
subject: maize

description: This study examined the food security strategies adopted by rural households in both years of good harvest and years of bad harvest. Marketing year 2001/2002 (a poor harvest) and year 2000/2001 (a better harvest year) were used to exemplify the alternative strategies adopted by households in different years. The study focused on the case of northern Mozambique because of the importance of food crop production in the zone and the active food grain markets for domestic and foreign trade particularly in times of low domestic and regional production.
description: Research results from SIMA-Department of Statistics and Department of Policy Analysis MADER-Directorate of Economics
Exportaçã de Milho: Ameaça Contra a Segurança Alimentar Rural? Resultados de Um Inquérito às Famílias Rurais do Norte de Moçambique
Creators: name: SIMA, Research Team
name: SIMA, Research Team
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: food security
subject: food policy
subject: Mozambique
subject: maize

description: This study examined the food security strategies adopted by rural households in both years of good harvest and years of bad harvest. Marketing year 2001/2002 (a poor harvest) and year 2000/2001 (a better harvest year) were used to exemplify the alternative strategies adopted by households in different years. The study focused on the case of northern Mozambique because of the importance of food crop production in the zone and the active food grain markets for domestic and foreign trade particularly in times of low domestic and regional production.
description: Resultados das investigações do SIMA-Dest e Departamento de Análise de Políticas MADER-Direcção de Economía
Jet Physics in Heavy Ion Collisions with Compact Muon Solenoid detector at the LHC
Creators: name: Lokhtin, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The status of CMS jet simulations and physics analysis in heavy ion collisions is presented. Jet reconstruction and high transverse momentum particle tracking in the high multiplicity environment of heavy ion collisions at the LHC using the CMS calorimetry and tracking system are described. The Monte Carlo tools used to simulate jet quenching are discussed.
description: Talk given at 5th International Conference on Physics and Astrophysics of Quark Gluon Plasma, Salt Lake City, Kolkata, India, February 8-12, 2005; 4 pages including 4 figures as EPS-files; prepared using LaTeX package for Journal of Physics J
Some Characteristics of Pro-poor Growth, and Policy Implications for Mozambique
Creators: name: Tschirley, David L.
name: Tschirley, David L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: food security
subject: food policy
subject: Mozambique
subject: pro-poor growth
subject: poverty reduction

description: This short paper first identifies several key characteristics of pro-poor growth, and then briefly discusses the direct and indirect contributions of growth to poverty reduction. Finally, it suggests the types of strategies that are most likely to result in pro-poor growth in economies such as those found in much of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), with a special emphasis on Mozambique.
description: Resultados das investigações do Departamento de Análise de Políticas MADER-Direcção de Economía
Construction of Turbo Code Interleavers from 3-Regular Hamiltonian Graphs
Creators: name: Mazumdar, Arya
name: Chaturvedi, A K
name: Banerjee, Adrish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this letter we present a new construction of interleavers for turbo codes from 3-regular Hamiltonian graphs. The interleavers can be generated using a few parameters, which can be selected in such a way that the girth of the interleaver graph (IG) becomes large, inducing a high summary distance. The size of the search space for these parameters is derived. The proposed interleavers themselves work as their de-interleavers.
description: This paper has been accepted for publication in IEEE Communication Letters
Statistical Physics and Light-Front Quantization
Creators: name: Raufeisen, J.
name: Brodsky, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light-front quantization has important advantages for describing relativistic statistical systems, particularly systems for which boost invariance is essential, such as the fireball created in a heavy ion collisions. In this paper we develop light-front field theory at finite temperature and density with special attention to quantum chromodynamics. We construct the most general form of the statistical operator allowed by the Poincare algebra and show that there are no zero-mode related problems when describing phase transitions. We then demonstrate a direct connection between densities in light-front thermal field theory and the parton distributions measured in hard scattering experiments. Our approach thus generalizes the concept of a parton distribution to finite temperature. In light-front quantization, the gauge-invariant Green's functions of a quark in a medium can be defined in terms of just 2-component spinors and have a much simpler spinor structure than the equal-time fermion propagator. From the Green's function, we introduce the new concept of a light-front density matrix, whose matrix elements are related to forward and to off-diagonal parton distributions. Furthermore, we explain how thermodynamic quantities can be calculated in discretized light-cone quantization, which is applicable at high chemical potential and is not plagued by the fermion-doubling problem.
description: 30 pages, 3 figures; v2: Refs. added, minor changes, accepted for publication in PRD
Weak localization competes with the quantum oscillations in a natural electronic superlattice: the case of Na$_{1.5}$(PO$_2$)$_4$(WO$_3$)$_{20}$
Creators: name: Kolincio, Kamil K.
name: Pérez, Olivier
name: Canadell, Enric
name: Alemany, Pere
name: Duverger-Nédellec, Elen
name: Minelli, Arianna
name: Bosak, Alexei
name: Pautrat, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an investigation of the combined structural and electronic properties of the bronze Na$_{1.5}$(PO$_{2}$)$_{4}$(WO$_{3}$)$_{20}$. Its low dimensional structure and possible large reconstruction of the Fermi surface due to charge density wave instability makes this bulk material a natural superlattice with a reduced number of carriers and Fermi energy. Signatures of multilayered 2D electron weak localization are consequently reported, with an enhanced influence of quantum oscillations. A crossover between these two antagonistic entities previously observed only in genuine low dimensional materials and devices, is shown to occur in a bulk crystal due to its hidden 2D nature.
O “Ouro branco”que não dá riqueza: Como de novo torná-lo uma cultura rentável.
Creators: name: Pitoro, Raul
name: De Marrule, Higino Francisco
name: Govene, Olivia
name: Boughton, Duncan
name: Tschirley, David L.
name: Pitoro, Raul
name: De Marrule, Higino Francisco
name: Govene, Olivia
name: Boughton, Duncan
name: Tschirley, David L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: food security
subject: food policy
subject: Mozambique

description: This flash edition presents the results of a survey on cotton sub sector carried out in Nampula province between November and December of 2000. Specifically, it provides some information on actual cotton profitability to farmers and suggests some actions for the improvement of the actual situation. The main finding is that the problems in cotton sub sector in Mozambique are systematic and long-term. They are related to low productivity, low quality and weak institutional development. In addition, the continuous reduction of international prices in the last five years has made these problems severe. The only solution for these problems in Mozambique and other cotton producing countries is the increase of productivity and quality of cotton.
description: Resultados de Investigação do Departamento de Análise de Políticas MADER - Direcção de Economia
The 3x+1 Semigroup
Creators: name: Applegate, David
name: Lagarias, Jeffrey C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11B83

description: The 3x+1 semigroup is the multiplicative semigroup generated by the rational numbers of form (2k+1)/(3k+2) for non-negative k, together with 2. This semigroup encodes backward iteration under the 3x+1 map, and the 3x+1 conjecture implies that it contains every positive integer. We prove this is the case, and show that this semigroup consists of all positive rational numbers a/b such that 3 does not divide b.
description: 16 pages, latex; minor changes
Calibrated Tully-Fisher relations for edge-on galaxies in the BVRI system
Creators: name: Stanchev, O.
name: Nedialkov, P.
name: Georgiev, Ts.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Calibrated Tully-Fisher relations ''absolute magnitude - HI line width'' for spiral galaxies oriented edge-on are derived from published data. The slope of the linear fits, especially in R- and I- bands, is close to the value of -10, as predicted by the theory. The standard errors of the relations in B, V, R and I bands are 0.40, 0.36, 0.31 and 0.34 mag, corresponding to relative distance errors of 18%, 17%, 14% and 16%, respectively. The magnitude of an edge-on galaxy appears to be a good distance indicator.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, published in Comptes rendus de l`Academie bulgare des Sciences, Tome 57, No 6, 2004
Multi Jet Production at High Q2
Creators: name: Kluge, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Deep-inelastic $e^+p$ scattering data, taken with the H1 detector at HERA, are used to investigate jet production over a range of four-momentum transfers $150 < Q^2 < 15000 \mathrm{GeV}^2$ and transverse jet energies $5 < E_T < 50 \mathrm{GeV}$. The analysis is based on data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $\mathcal{L}_\mathrm{int} = 65.4 \mathrm{pb}^{-1}$ taken in the years 1999-2000 at a centre-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s} \approx 319 \mathrm{GeV}$. Jets are defined by the inclusive $k_t$ algorithm in the Breit frame of reference. Dijet and trijet jet cross sections are measured with respect to the exchanged boson virtuality and in addition the ratio of the trijet to the dijet cross section $R_{3/2}$ is investigated. The results are compared to the predictions of perturbative QCD calculations in next-to-leading order in the strong coupling constant $α_s$. The value of $α_s(m_Z)$ determined from the study of $R_{3/2}$ is $α_s(m_Z) = 0.1175 \pm 0.0017 (\mathrm{stat.}) \pm 0.0050 (\mathrm{syst.}) ^{+0.0054}_{-0.0068} (\mathrm{theo.})$.
description: Contributed to 13th International Workshop on Deep Inelastic Scattering (DIS 05), Madison, Wisconsin, 27 Apr - 1 May 2005
The theory and practice of a-modes in Glarean’s "Dodecachordon", 1547
Creators: name: Senyshyn, Tetiana Lada
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The number of compositions with finals on A, possible modal interpretations of Acadences and the potential pitch space available in the gamut (specifically G-mi) had increased substantially by the early sixteenth century. Lacking the tools and a vocabulary sufficient to describe these phenomena, theoretical attempts to relate polyphony characterized by ambiguous relationships facilitated by "A la mi re" to traditional expositions of the monophonic octenary modal system were often contradictory or summary at best. By means of the introduction of an Aeolian mode and its plagal counterpart in his "Dodecachordon" of 1547, Heinrich Glarean hoped to systematically describe and to settle the difficulties theorists before him had encountered in trying to account for a repertory that was increasingly focused on "A la mi re". By invoking the established musical repertoire of the Roman liturgy and famous contemporaneous composers who employed pieces in which "A la mi re" proved so much of a focal point as to be considered a modal final, and by addressing his audience in an experiential manner as educated listeners who have the ability to derive rhetorical meaning from a given passage, Glarean not only managed to bring theory in closer alignment with practice but ensured that a potentially disruptive thesis in which the octenary tradition was supplanted by a dodecaphonic structure would fall on relatively uncritical ears. Glarean's A-modes did not only account for a rapidly growing repertoire in which finals on A figured prominently, however, but served to strip the modal mutation between D- and E- final modes (i.e., "ab Dorian ad Phrygian") of its disturbing character by theoretically sanctioning Dorian to Phrygian mutation through its affinity to A. Despite its assimilation into the evolving style, this once jarring mutation still had the potential to disturb in certain contexts, but this was largely owing to its historical references (first described by Erasmus in 1513 as the combination of incongruous elements) rather than its actual modal character. This thesis attempts to describe the relationship between Dorian and Phrygian modalities through Glarean's understanding of the A-modes by examining late fifteenth- and early sixteenth-century changes in tonal focus, solmization practices and the expansion of the gamut.
Identifying groomed jet splittings in heavy-ion collisions
Creators: name: Mulligan, James
name: Ploskon, Mateusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of jet substructure in heavy-ion collisions may provide key insight to the nature of jet quenching in the quark-gluon plasma. Jet grooming techniques from high-energy physics have been applied to heavy-ion collisions in order to isolate theoretically controlled jet observables and explore possible modification to the hard substructure of jets. However, the grooming algorithms used have not been tailored to the unique considerations of heavy-ion collisions, in particular to the experimental challenge of reconstructing jets in the presence of a large underlying event. We report a set of simple studies illustrating the impact of the underlying event on identifying groomed jet splittings in heavy-ion collisions, and on associated groomed jet observables. We illustrate the importance of the selection of grooming algorithm, as certain groomers are more robust to these effects, while others, including those commonly used in heavy-ion collisions, are susceptible to large background effects -- which, when uncontrolled, can mimic a jet quenching signal. These experimental considerations, along with appropriate theoretical motivation, provide input to the choice of grooming algorithms employed in heavy-ion collisions.
description: Final version after journal review
Hawking Radiation as Tunneling for Extremal and Rotating Black Holes
Creators: name: Angheben, Marco
name: Nadalini, Mario
name: Vanzo, Luciano
name: Zerbini, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The issue concerning semi-classical methods recently developed in deriving the conditions for Hawking radiation as tunneling, is revisited and applied also to rotating black hole solutions as well as to the extremal cases. It is noticed how the tunneling method fixes the temperature of extremal black hole to be zero, unlike the Euclidean regularity method that allows an arbitrary compactification period. A comparison with other approaches is presented.
description: 17 pages, Latex document, typos corrected, four more references, improved discussion in section 5
Right-handed Neutrino Dark Matter, Neutrino Masses, and non-Standard Cosmology in a 2HDM
Creators: name: Arcadi, G.
name: Profumo, S.
name: Queiroz, F. S.
name: Siqueira, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the dark matter phenomenology of a weak-scale right-handed neutrino in the context of a Two Higgs Doublet Model. The expected signal at direct detection experiments is different from the usual spin-independent and spin-dependent classification since the scattering with quarks depends on the dark matter spin. The dark matter relic density is set by thermal freeze-out and in the presence of non-standard cosmology, where an Abelian gauge symmetry is key for the dark matter production mechanism. We show that such symmetry allows us to simultaneously address neutrino masses and the flavor problem present in general Two Higgs Doublet Model constructions. Lastly, we outline the region of parameter space that obeys collider, perturbative unitarity and direct detection constraints.
description: 27 pages, 3 figures. Matches the version accepted for publication in JCAP
Como Será a Comercialização Agrícola em Moçambique em 2002/03? Expectativas dos Comerciantes Rurais de Pequena Escala no Norte e Centro de Moçambique.
Creators: name: Arlindo, Pedro
name: Abdula, Danilo Carimo
name: Paulo, Antonio M.
name: Arlindo, Pedro
name: Abdula, Danilo Carimo
name: Paulo, Antonio M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: food security
subject: food policy
subject: Mozambique

description: This flash edition provides the results of the survey carried out in April 2003 in central and north regions, in order to predict some information that could be useful for planning process of all food chain participants. It was found from the studied regions that there are different expectations of changes in agricultural production levels since last year. These expectations are mainly based on rainfall levels. In the Northern region there were good rainfall and better harvests are expected than last year. In contrast, poor rainfall occurred in the Central region, and poor harvests are expected. It was also found that transport availability, roads and regional markets conditions, diseases occurrence, especially AIDS, are some of the factors that will influence the agricultural markets operation in rural areas.
description: Resultados das Investigações do SIMA-DEst e Departamento de Análise de Políticas MADER-Direcção de Economia
Additional file 2 of Monitoring progress towards the first UNAIDS 90-90-90 target in key populations living with HIV in Norway
Creators: name: Whittaker, Robert
name: Case, Kelsey K.
name: Nilsen, Øivind
name: Blystad, Hans
name: Cowan, Susan
name: Kløvstad, Hilde
name: Sighem, Ard Van
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Model fits to data.