Selenocopris Burmeister
Creators: name: Nunes, Rafael V.
name: Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Scarabaeidae
Selenocopris

description: Key for species groups and brachypterous species of Selenocopris Burmeister
The following key allows the identification of the Selenocopris species groups and the brachypterous species of the subgenus, now assigned to the quadraticeps species group. When not specified, the characters fit both for males and females. Females differ from males by always having the 6th abdominal sternite not shortened medially (usually three times wider than the 5th sternite) and/or having modifications on the median portion of it or at the apex of pygidium (Figs. 1 A, 1H–L).
1 Clypeo-genal junction border rounded, lacking angulation (Fig. 1 F) and/or clypeal teeth separated from adjacent clypeal bor- der by external emarginations (Fig. 1 F). Female pygidium swollen, apex excavated in some species (Figs. 2 B–C) and/or female 6th abdominal sternite bearing a rounded central lobe advancing above pygidium apex. (Fig. 1 I). South portion of Atlantic Forest (Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina) and gallery forests at Central Brazil and South America Chaco ................................................................................................. bicuspis species group
- Clypeo-genal junction border not rounded, forming at least an obtuse angle, which may be very obtuse on smaller males and females (Fig. 1 G), clypeal teeth never separated from adjacent clypeal border by external emarginations (Fig. 1 G). Female pygidium normally convex, apex never excavated; female 6th abdominal sternite either 3x wider than other segments (Fig. 1 L) or having other modifications at the median portion (emarginations, grooves, projecions or tubercles) (Figs. 1 H, 1K). Forest habitats in South America............................................................................... 2
2 Male 6th abdominal ventrite with strong transverse groove all along its extension (Fig. 1 J). Female 6th abdominal ventrite with a "U" shape emargination at medial portion (Fig. 1 K). Apex of male paramera curved inward (dorsal and ventral view) lacking rounded or circular excavations near basis (dorsal view). Pronotum simply convex, having at most a pair of tubercles at anterior portion......................................................................... ascanius species group
- Male 6th abdominal segment lacking strong transverse groove all over its extension. Female 6th abdominal sternite with tubercles or other modifications at medial portion (Figs. 1 A,H,L). Male paramera curved inward or outward (dorsal and ventral view) and/or truncated at apex and having rounded or circular excavations near basis (dorsal view) (Fig. 3 C–D). Pronotum simply convex or having excavations, tubercles, lobes or strong declivity at anterior portion......................... 3
3 Male clypeo-genal junction border either in straight sub-straight or even acute angle, in some cases expanded (Fig. 1 G). Genal border usually curved inward and clypeal teeth always curved upward. Female 6th abdominal sternite or 3x larger then 5th segment medially or having a central pair of tubercles (Figs. 1 A, 1L)...... quadraticeps species group (continues on couplet 5)
- Male clypeo-genal junction border always obtuse and never expanded. Genal border straight and clypeal teeth curved upward or not. Female 6th abdominal sternite with a pair of triangular projections advancing beneath pygidial apex (Fig. 1 H)..... 4
4 Body almost always over 15 mm in length. Elytral striae and its punctures shallowly and weakly impressed (Fig. 1 D). Elytral interstriae flat, with either silky aspect given by its microsculpture (chagrination) and/or bearing brown or blue reflections. Male paramera bearing longitudinal excavations (dorsal and ventral view) (as those on Fig. 3 C–D)...... fissus species group
- Body almost always under 15 mm in length. Elytral striae and its punctures deeply impressed (Fig. 1 E). Elytral interstriae shinny, not bearing microsculpture (chagrination), sometimes with color reflections. Male paramera lacking longitudinal excavations.......................................................................... spadiceus species group
5 Brachypterous species (atrophied hind wings) (Fig. 2 E): lacking humeral callus; pronotum wider than elytra (dorsal view); elytra strongly convex (lateral view) (Fig. 1 B).............................................................. 6
- Macropterous species (fully developed hind wings) (Fig. 2 E): having humeral callus; pronotum with the same width as elytra (dorsal view); elytra normally convex (lateral view).............................. macropterous species not dealt here
6 Pygidium bearing ocellate punctures near anterior margin (basis) (Fig. 2 D). Chapada dos Guimarães, Mato Grosso state, Brazil ........................................................... Dichotomius (S.) ingens (Luederwaldt 1935) (Fig. 3)
- Pygidium lacking ocellate punctures (Fig. 2 C), at most having very fine punctures (20x)............................. 7
7 Posterior portion of pronotal disc bearing ocellate punctures (Figs. 6 A–B). Elytral striae widened, lacking distinct punctures (Figs. 6 A–B, E). Chapada dos Parecis at Mato Grosso state, Brazil ................ Dichotomius (S.) paresi n.sp. (Fig. 6)
- Pronotal disc lacking ocellate punctures, those being sometimes restricted to posterior margin, anterior angles and/or to the anterior excavation. Elytral striae narrow and always bearing distinct punctures all over its extension (Fig. 1 E).......... 8
8 Cephalic carina surface wrinkled (striated) (Figs. 4 A–B, E). Anterior excavation of pronotum bearing coarse punctures (Fig. 4 F). Chapadão do Céu, Goiás state, Brazil .............................................. Dichotomius (S.) darwini
- Cephalic carina lacking striation. Anterior excavation of pronotum bearing at most fine punctures (20 x) (as on Fig. 7 E)... 9
9 Clypeo-frontal horn carinate, strongly transverse, widely emarginated at the apex and producing two tubercles at each apex (Fig. 7 A). On smaller individuals, cephalic horn not producing lateral tubercles but still with a conspicuous emargination at apex. Smaller species (maximum body length: 19.5 mm; maximum pronotum width: 13 mm). Descalvado Municipality, São Paulo state, Brazil ..................................................... Dichotomius (S.) periotoi n. sp. (Fig. 7)
- Clypeo-frontal horn carinate but not strongly transverse, lacking emargination and tubercles at the apex (Fig. 5 A). Females and smaller individuals unknown. Larger species (maximum body length: 25 mm; maximum pronotum width: 14 mm). Serra da Canastra, Southwest of Minas Gerais state, Brazil .............................. Dichotomius (S.) manni n. sp. (Fig. 5)
description: Published as part of Nunes, Rafael V. & Vaz-De-Mello, Fernando Z., 2016, New brachypterous species of Dichotomius (Selenocopris) Burmeister (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) with the definition of species groups and taxonomic notes in the subgenus in Zootaxa 4139 (1), DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4139.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/271999