cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Association between school contexts and the development of subjective well-being during adolescence: a context-sensitive longitudinal study of life satisfaction and school satisfaction
Creators: name: Wu, Yi-Jhen
name: Becker, Michael
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Life satisfaction
subject: School satisfaction
subject: Secondary schooling
subject: Ability grouping
subject: Achievement composition
subject: Longitudinal study
subject: 370

description: The transition to secondary school may negatively impact adolescents’ psychosocial and subjective well-being development. However, how subjective well-being develops during secondary school and how school contextual factors, including aspects of ability grouping and achievement composition, are associated with the development of subjective well-being still require clarification. This study examined two measures of subjective well-being, life satisfaction and school satisfaction, to investigate the development of subjective well-being during secondary school. Moreover, school context variations in the form of school tracks and school-level achievement were analyzed to examine the extent to which ability grouping and achievement composition were associated with the development of subjective well-being. A large-scale longitudinal German dataset with four measurement points from grades 6 to 10 was analyzed (Time 1: N = 1,841; Mage = 12.20, SD = 0.81; 48.4% female; 45.3% immigrant students). The latent growth model revealed that life satisfaction and school satisfaction decreased statistically significantly during secondary school, yet school satisfaction showed a temporary increase between the end of primary school and right after the transition to secondary school. School tracks did not statistically significantly predict the magnitude of the decline in life satisfaction or school satisfaction. Only school-level achievement composition significantly negatively predicted the decline in life satisfaction, suggesting that students in schools with higher levels of achievement composition had a greater decrease in life satisfaction than their counterparts in schools with lower levels of achievement composition. Taken together, these findings contribute to the knowledge of how life and school satisfaction develop during secondary school and the long-term associations between subjective well-being and school context factors.
description: Journal of youth and adolescence; 52(5)
Same-Sex Relationships, DOMA, and the Tax Code: Rethinking the Relevance of DOMA to Straight Couples
Creators: name: Terry, Keeva
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2011

description: According to Professor Derrick Bell’s seminal article describing his Interest Convergence Theory, the interests of Blacks are only accommodated when they coincide with the interests of Whites. By analogy, the interests of same-sex couples are only accommodated when they coincide with the interests of heterosexual couples. The elimination of discriminatory provisions that cause heterosexual married couples to pay more federal income tax than their same-sex counterparts might just be the mutually beneficial interest necessary to prompt Congress to recognize same-sex legal unions. Current federal income tax laws require certain heterosexual married couples to pay more federal income tax than domestic partners3 and same-sex married couples who earn identical incomes. Most domestic partners are same-sex couples not allowed to marry one another. In an earlier article, I recommended that Congress create a new federal income tax filing category to eliminate these disparities and to equalize the tax liability between heterosexual married couples and their same-sex counterparts. If Congress finds this recommendation untenable, this Article proposes another solution to mitigate these inequalities: Repeal Section 3 of the Defense of Marriage Act (“DOMA”) which, for federal purposes, limits the definition of marriage to heterosexual marriage (“DOMA’s Marriage Definition”).
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 20 No. 1 (2011)
Narrow-band high-lying excitons with negative-mass electrons in monolayer WSe2.
Creators: name: Lin, Kai-Qiang
name: Ong, Chin Shen
name: Bange, Sebastian
name: Faria Junior, Paulo E
name: Peng, Bo
name: Ziegler, Jonas D
name: Zipfel, Jonas
name: Bäuml, Christian
name: Paradiso, Nicola
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Strunk, Christoph
name: Monserrat, Bartomeu
name: Fabian, Jaroslav
name: Chernikov, Alexey
name: Qiu, Diana Y
name: Louie, Steven G
name: Lupton, John M
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021

description: Monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) show a wealth of exciton physics. Here, we report the existence of a new excitonic species, the high-lying exciton (HX), in single-layer WSe2 with an energy of ~3.4 eV, almost twice the band-edge A-exciton energy, with a linewidth as narrow as 5.8 meV. The HX is populated through momentum-selective optical excitation in the K-valleys and is identified in upconverted photoluminescence (UPL) in the UV spectral region. Strong electron-phonon coupling results in a cascaded phonon progression with equidistant peaks in the luminescence spectrum, resolvable to ninth order. Ab initio GW-BSE calculations with full electron-hole correlations explain HX formation and unmask the admixture of upper conduction-band states to this complex many-body excitation. These calculations suggest that the HX is comprised of electrons of negative mass. The coincidence of such high-lying excitonic species at around twice the energy of band-edge excitons rationalizes the excitonic quantum-interference phenomenon recently discovered in optical second-harmonic generation (SHG) and explains the efficient Auger-like annihilation of band-edge excitons.
Artificial intelligence: a “promising technology”
Creators: name: Hirsch-Kreinsen, Hartmut
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Technological promise
subject: AI community
subject: Key technology
subject: Special mode of innovation
subject: Technological utopia
subject: 300
subject: 330

description: This paper addresses the question of how the ups and downs in the development of artificial intelligence (AI) since its inception can be explained. It focuses on the development of artificial intelligence in Germany since the 1970s, and particularly on its current dynamics. An assumption is made that a mere reference to rapid advances in information technologies and the various methods and concepts of artificial intelligence in recent decades cannot adequately explain these dynamics, because from a social science perspective, this is an oversimplified, technology-centred explanation. Drawing on ideas from social scientific innovation research, the hypothesis is rather that artificial intelligence should be understood as a “promising technology”. Its various stages of development have always been driven by technological promises about its special powers and capabilities when applied to solving economic and societal challenges.
description: AI & society; 39(4)
Can compliment and complaint data inform the care of individuals with chronic subdural haematoma (cSDH)?
Creators: name: Jones, Katherine
name: Davies, Benjamin
name: Stubbs, Daniel J
name: Komashie, Alexander
name: Burnstein, Rowan M
name: Hutchinson, Peter
name: Santarius, Thomas
name: Joannides, Alexis J
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Quality improvement
Quality measurement
Patient Satisfaction
Health Services Research

description: ObjectivesTo explore the frequency and nature of complaints and compliments reported to Patient Advice and Liaison (PALS) in individuals undergoing surgery for a chronic subdural haematoma (cSDH).DesignA retrospective study of PALS user interactions.SubjectsIndividuals undergoing treatment for cSDH between 2014 and 2019.MethodsPALS referrals from patients with cSDH between 2014 and 2019 were identified. Case records were reviewed and data on the frequency, nature and factors leading up to the complaint were extracted and coded according to Healthcare Complaints Analysis Tool (HCAT).ResultsOut of 531 patients identified, 25 (5%) had a PALS interaction, of which 15 (3%) were complaints and 10 (2%) were compliments. HCAT coding showed 8/15 (53%) of complaints were relationship problems, 6/15 (33%) a management problem and 1/15 (7%) other. Of the relationship problems, 6 (75%) were classed as problems with communication and 2 (25%) as a problem with listening. Of the compliments, 9/10 (90%) related to good clinical quality and 1/10 (10%) to staff-patient relationship. Patients were more likely to register a compliment than family members, who in turn were more likely to register a complaint (p<0.005). Complaints coded as a relationship problem had 2/8 (25%) submitted by a patient and 6/8 (75%) submitted by a relative.ConclusionsUsing the HCAT, routinely collected PALS data can easily be coded to quantify and provide unique perspective on tertiary care, such as communication. It is readily suited to quality improvement and audit initiatives.
ANÁLISE DE DEMONSTRACÕES CONTÁBEIS ATRAVÉS DE ÍNDICES
Creators: name: Magalhães, Marcos
name: Stroparo, Telma Regina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009

description: A analise de demonstrações contábeis surgiu no inicio do século XX, hoje em dia é uma grande ferramenta para se estudar a saúde financeira e econômica de qualquer empresa, utilizando índices como estrutura de capital, rentabilidade e liquidez pode-se extrair informações essenciais para se ter a certeza que será um bom investimento.
Prevalence of postoperative neurocognitive disorders in older non-cardiac surgical patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: W.Y. Huang, Wendy
name: Fan, Shirley
name: Li, Wei-Ya
name: Thangavelu, Vetri
name: Saripella, Aparna
name: Englesakis, Marina
name: Yan, Ellene
name: Chung, Frances
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The growing number of older persons undergoing surgery are at a higher risk of neurocognitive disorder due to multimorbidity and age-related changes. Previous reviews estimated postoperative neurocognitive disorder or cognitive dysfunction (POCD) prevalence without accounting for the sample size or study quality. The prevalence of POCD in this population requires further investigation. This systematic review and meta-analysis applies systematic weighting to estimate the pooled prevalence of POCD in older non-cardiac surgical patients.
Forced Marriage and the Exoticization of Gendered Harms in United States Asylum Law
Creators: name: Millbank, Jenni
name: Dauvergne, Catherine
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2010

description: Refugee law scholars and advocates have devoted a great deal of attention to gender-related persecution since the 1980s. The Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) first contended that gender was a valid basis for refugee claims in 1985 and released its original guidelines for the protection of women as refugees in 1991. Critical scholarship has focussed on refugee law’s bias towards recognition of masculinised experiences and on how its categorizations confine women to narrow, victimized identities. After more than twenty years of concerted effort, one might expect to see an increasingly nuanced refugee jurisprudence concerning gender. With this in mind, we began a study of forced marriage as a basis for refugee claims. While claims of forced marriage or pressure to marry as the, or a, main basis of persecution represent only a tiny portion of refugee claims overall, they provide an illuminating sliver reflecting the major recurring themes in gender and sexuality claims from recent decades. Forced marriage is an important case study of gender in refugee law because it involves longstanding and unambiguous human rights standards, it arises in diverse settings and the harms associated with it take many forms and impact differently depending upon the gender and sexuality of those involved. Our examination of these cases reveals the profound schism between human rights norms and refugee law’s protections.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 19 No. 4 (2010)
Supplemental Material - Study Schematic, Detailed methods and Correlation results from Elevated atmospheric CO2 changes defence allocation in wheat but herbivore resistance persists
Creators: name: Johnson, Scott N.
name: Cibils-Stewart, Ximena
name: Waterman, Jamie M.
name: Biru, Fikadu N.
name: Rowe, Rhiannon C.
name: Hartley, Susan E.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A schematic of the experimental design is provided. Published methods cited and summarized in the paper are given in more detail. A correlative graph relevant to the text is shown.
Complete description of re-entrant phase behaviour in a charge variable colloidal model system
Creators: name: Wette, Patrick
name: Klassen, Ina
name: Holland-Moritz, Dirk
name: Herlach, Dieter M.
name: Schoepe, Hans Joachim
name: Lorenz, Nina
name: Reiber, Holger
name: Palberg, Thomas
name: Roth, Stephan V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In titration experiments with NaOH we have determined the full phase diagram of charged colloidal spheres in dependence on the particle density n, the particle effective charge Zeff and the concentration of screening electrolyte c using microscopy, light and Ultra Small Angle X-Ray Scattering (USAXS). For sufficiently large n the system crystallizes upon increasing Zeff at constant c and melts upon increasing c at only slightly altered Zeff. In contrast to earlier work equilibrium phase boundaries are consistent with a universal melting line prediction from computer simulation, if the elasticity effective charge is used. This charge accounts for both counter-ion condensation and many body effects.
description: 10 pages, 3Figures
1/N Effects in Non-Relativistic Gauge-Gravity Duality
Creators: name: Adams, Allan
name: Maloney, Alexander
name: Sinha, Aninda
name: Vazquez, Samuel E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that higher-curvature terms in the gravitational Lagrangian lead, via non-relativistic gauge-gravity duality, to finite renormalization of the dynamical exponent of the dual conformal field theory. Our argument includes a proof of the non-renormalization of the Schrodinger and Lifshitz metrics beyond rescalings of their parameters, directly generalizing the AdS case. We use this effect to construct string-theory duals of non-relativistic critical systems with non-integer dynamical exponents, then use these duals to predict the viscosity/entropy ratios of these systems. The predicted values weakly violate the KSS bound.
description: 26 pages, latex
A-optimal designs for state estimation in networks
Creators: name: Müller, Christine H.
name: Schorning, Kirsten
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: A-optimal designs
subject: Random state models
subject: Network analysis
subject: 310

description: We consider two models for estimating the expected states of nodes in networks where the observations at nodes are given by random states and measurement errors. In the first model, we assume independent successive observations at the nodes and the design question is how often the nodes should be observed to obtain a precise estimation of the expected states. In the second model, all nodes are observed simultaneously and the design question is to determine the nodes which need larger precision of the measurements than other nodes. Both models lead to the same design problem. We derive explicitly A-optimal designs for the most simple network with star configuration. Moreover, we consider the network with wheel configuration and derive some conditions which simplify the numerical calculation of the corresponding A-optimal designs.
description: Statistical paper; 64(4)
Fasting, Failure and Addiction in Metrified Academia
Creators: name: Lenardic, Adrian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Publication Metrics
Quantification
Social Media Addiction
Academic Communication

description: Some personal experiences with the metrification of science publications and academic social media addiction
description: A version of this essay appeared on Future U's online forum https://futureu.education/uncategorized/commentary-fasting-failure-and-addiction-in-metrified-academia/
From Violence against Women to Women’s Violence in Haiti
Creators: name: Faedi, Benedetta
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2010

description: Much of the current scholarship, as well as international policy studies focusing on civil conflicts and armed violence, has primarily construed women as victims and men as perpetrators of violence. Although this prevalent interpretation certainly reflects conventional wisdom and tells part of a true war story, the remainder, which has been very much less publicized and addressed, also perceives women as participants in violence and men occasionally as victims. This Article joins the chorus of scholars that have only recently begun to highlight the flaws of this common belief and conversely, describe female participation in conflict and armed violence, often in order to discover a convincing explanation for why women engage in violence. This Article goes even further in seeking to deepen the understanding of why women and girls, living in the slum communities of Haiti, participate in violence, by looking at the specific nexus between their prior victimization through sexual abuse and their ensuing decision to join the armed factions. To be sure, pertinent studies focusing either on violence against women and women’s violence, or their reciprocal influences and correlations have already been conducted in several countries tom apart by civil conflict or armed violence. To date, however, this issue has not yet been explored in Haiti, where available data has nonetheless suggested a high prevalence of sexual violence against girls and women as well as their involvement in armed violence.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 19 No. 4 (2010)
High order finite element calculations for the deterministic Cahn-Hilliard equation
Creators: name: Goudenège, Ludovic
name: Martin, Daniel
name: Vial, Grégory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this work, we propose a numerical method based on high degree continuous nodal elements for the Cahn-Hilliard evolution. The use of the p-version of the finite element method proves to be very efficient and favorably compares with other existing strategies (C^1 elements, adaptive mesh refinement, multigrid resolution, etc). Beyond the classical benchmarks, a numerical study has been carried out to investigate the influence of a polynomial approximation of the logarithmic free energy and the bifurcations near the first eigenvalue of the Laplace operator.
The Challenge of New Families
Creators: name: Ryrstedt, Eva
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2010

description: Today there are many new and different types of families-not only families with one biological parent and one step-parent, but also families with same-sex parents or with two sets of same-sex parents who together with the child form a household. These new families pose many new challenges for society. One such challenge is how to allocate different social benefits that were traditionally designed for the nuclear family or for a single parent with sole legal custody of a child. Families with a single parent and a non-custodial or joint custodial parent who spends some time with the child and families with one biological parent and one stepparent already pose certain problems. Such families mean there may be other parental figures out there claiming that the child is part of their family. As even more complex families emerge, the potential for problems is readily apparent.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 19 No. 4 (2010)
3D genomic insights of an early branching metazoan : a chromosome scale assembly of Mnemiopsis leidyi and differential expression in early development
Creators: name: Barclay, Charlotte
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: The transition to multicellularity is widely considered a crucial evolutionary process, yet the precise mechanisms are still being uncovered. Advancements in bioinformatic techniques and high-throughput DNA sequencing provide increasing opportunities to better understand complex phenomena like multicellularity, through the study of early branching model organisms. However, to fully leverage the available tools, high quality reference genomes are required. As a result an increasing number of studies combine long read and HiC sequence data to generate a high quality, chromosome scale assembly with high contiguity. This study utilises PacBio's novel long and accurate HiFi reads, in conjunction with Hi-C sequencing technology, to produce a chromosome-scale assembly for the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi. The final assembly demonstrates remarkable contiguity, with an N50 value of 15.6MB and a computationally derived karyotype of n=13. These findings demonstrate an improvement of greater than two orders of magnitude when compared to the previous short read assembly for this species. Further structural genomic organisation was identified, using Arrowhead as part of the Juicer pipeline, to provide the first evidence of topologically associating domains (TADs) and loops in this organism. These findings highlight the importance of utilizing advanced sequencing technologies to improve existing assemblies in our understanding of genomic organisation and structure, and the considerations that should be taken when comparing results derived from different bioinformatic tools. Mnemiopsis leidyi is phylogenetically well placed to answer evolutionary questions surrounding the origins of multicellularity and the addition of a high-quality reference assembly will prove imperative to future molecular and genomics research.
Taking Initiatives: Reconciling Race, Religion, Media and Democracy in the Quest for Marriage Equality
Creators: name: Varona, Anthony E.
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2010

description: Election Days 2008 and 2009 proved to be largely disappointing ones for gay rights advocates, and specifically supporters of civil same-sex marriage rights in the United States. Although Election Day 2008 brought the historic civil rights milestone of the election of the first African American president, it also brought with it the passage of statewide ballot initiatives targeting the gay and lesbian minority in four states. Voters stripped gays and lesbians of the civil right to marry in California, after all three branches of state government had affirmed the right and 18,000 Californian same-sex couples had exercised it. Voters also prohibited gays and lesbians from adopting or serving as foster parents in Arkansas, prohibited the civil recognition of same-sex marriage in Arizona and banned both civil same-sex marriage and any “substantially equivalent” relationship in Florida. The Election Day 2009 results were more mixed overall, but no different with respect to same-sex marriage. Maine voters, who had been expected to make the state the first to uphold civil marriage equality through a ballot initiative, ended up voting in favor of a ban. Maine’s defeat of same-sex marriage represented the thirty-first loss at the ballot box for same-sex marriage. By contrast, voters in Washington State approved what was popularly referred to as an “everything but marriage” statute, granting same-sex couples many of the civil benefits of marriage while withholding the right to marry.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 19 No. 3 (2010)
When Your Attorney is Your Enemy: Preliminary Thoughts on Ensuring Effective Representation for Queer Youth
Creators: name: Valentine, Sarah
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2010

description: Attorneys representing children too often become their enemies rather than their advocates. This is especially true when the children are queer. Queer youth caught in the judicial system are often severely harmed, specifically because of where a court decides they will reside. Judges determine where children will reside through custody decisions, or by deciding whether they will be placed in foster care, group homes, or detention facilities in child welfare and delinquency proceedings. Once in the justice system, most children are provided an attorney in part because courts have recognized that children have a liberty interest at stake in the proceedings, including a right to “reasonably safe living conditions” and services necessary to ensure protection from harm. Where a child will be placed is always an important issue in cases involving juveniles and thus a pivotal issue for the child’s attorney. However, for queer children, questions of placement are critical, because they can have terrible, even life-threatening, consequences.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 19 No. 3 (2010)
Ahmad Kaki Interview
Creators: name: Institute For Diversity & Civic Life
name: Department Of Religious Studies
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Religions Texas
9/11
Activism
Bullying
Canary Mission
Colonialism
Community
Council on American-Islamic Relations [CAIR]
Family dynamics
Health Careers High School
Hijab
Islam
Islamophobia
Israel
Legal professionals
Millennials
Muslim Students Association [MSA]
Muslims
Palestine
Palestine solidarity
Palestinian-Americans
Students
Students for Justice in Palestine
The University of Texas at San Antonio
Texas
TX - San Antonio
US politics
VA - Arlington

description: This interview is with Ahmad Kaki, a legal assistant and law student in Arlington, VA. Ahmad describes growing up Palestinian and Muslim in Texas and how his life changed after 9/11. He talks about his college experiences of involvement in the Muslim Students Association and pro-Palestine organizing. Ahmad shares the trajectory of his career, which brought him to law school and his current work as a legal assistant with the Council on American-Islamic Relations.
PARTHENOS D6.2 Report on services and tools
Creators: name: Bardi, Alessia
name: Bruseker, George
name: Durco, Matej
name: Kemps-Snijders, Marc
name: Lorenzini, Matteo
name: Theodoridou, Maria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017

description: This report reports on the status of the PARTHENOS e-infrastructure architecture, and on the development of the tools and services enabling cross-discipline interoperability.

All PARTHENOS deliverables are available at: http://www.parthenos-project.eu/resources/projects-deliverables
Approach to reference models for building performance simulation: establishing common understanding
Creators: name: Arora, Sahil-Jai
name: Rabe, Markus
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Reference model
subject: Conceptual architecture
subject: Procedure model
subject: Model-based engineering
subject: Design by Reuse
subject: Building energy systems
subject: 620
subject: Referenzmodell
subject: Prozessmodell
subject: MBSE (Technik)
subject: Energieversorgung

description: In the fields of business process modeling, logistics, and information model development, Reference Models (RMs) have shown to enhance standardization, support the common understanding of terminology and procedures, reduce the modeling efforts and cost through the paradigm “Design by Reuse”, and enable knowledge transfer. Utilizing RMs in Building Performance Simulation (BPS) shows potential to achieve similar benefits. However, there is no universally agreed understanding of RMs. In a previous scientific publication, we provided a comprehensive overview of the diversely interpreted definitions, benefits, and attributes of RMs and related terms. Additionally, to transfer the approach of RMs to BPS, a definition for RMs applicable to BPS has been provided, and the identified RM qualities were matched with BPS’s challenges. However, a sound evaluation of the success of transferring RMs to BPS is lacking. Therefore, this scientific contribution firstly includes the analysis conducted in the previous scientific contribution constituting a common understanding about RMs and their elements for BPS. Secondly, by conducting expert interviews, the applicability and validity of the developed concept of RMs for BPS are surveyed. In total, ten experts (seven BPS experts and three RM experts) evaluated the quality of creating transparency about the understanding of RMs and the level of success of their transfer toward BPS. The experts consistently see a great benefit of RMs in BPS, but for BPS experts the transfer and possible application of RMs in BPS is not sufficiently clear. Accordingly, the key output of the conducted survey is that a clearer and more detailed application example, e.g., describing at a more easy-to-understand level of detail an exemplary class of the provided example of an RM, is required for a more profound transfer of RMs to BPS.
description: SN Computer Science; 4(3)
The Political Behavior of Indian American Women: Gendered and Generational Perspectives on Race, Immigration and Socio-Economic Status
Creators: name: Prasad, Shaknar K.
name: Norlund, Caroline M.
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2010

description: On its face, the Indian American’ community’s journey from being ostracized as an “undesirable alien, as a lesser breed, or a benighted heathen” to being heralded as ambassadors of democracy and role models for minority achievement seemingly justifies their celebration as torch bearers of the American dream. Since first arriving on the shores of United States, Indian Americans have tirelessly battled to overcome immigration, naturalization, employment and miscegenation. Correspondingly, they have become the “fastest growing” and “wealthiest minority” in America. Yet, the story does not end there. Behind the scenes of narratives about model minorities breaking down cultural and institutional barriers is another story-the story of multiple generations of Indian women who have arrived in cities such as Los Angeles, Chicago and New York to support their professional husbands. Many of these women are less educated than their husbands and are thrust into a culture that is unfamiliar to them. Once here, they have to navigate their children through the unfamiliar American educational system, set up a household and become integrated into their neighborhoods, participate in potlucks and block parties. Added to these responsibilities is the expectation that they will fulfill their roles as new citizens and participate in the political arena, in most cases, as first-time voters. How these women learn to navigate this new political landscape without the counsel of their mothers, daughters or peers is the driving question of this Article.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 19 No. 3 (2010)
Particle Models and the Small-Scale Structure of Dark Matter
Creators: name: Bringmann, Torsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The kinetic decoupling of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) in the early universe sets a scale that can directly be translated into a small-scale cutoff in the spectrum of matter density fluctuations. The formalism presented here allows a precise description of the decoupling process and thus the determination of this scale to a high accuracy from the details of the underlying WIMP microphysics. With decoupling temperatures of several MeV to a few GeV, the smallest protohalos to be formed range between 10^{-11} and almost 10^{-3} solar masses -- a somewhat smaller range than what was found earlier using order-of-magnitude estimates for the decoupling temperature; for a given WIMP model, the actual cutoff mass is typically about a factor of 10 greater than derived in that way, though in some cases the difference may be as large as a factor of several 100. Observational consequences and prospects to probe this small-scale cutoff, which would provide a fascinating new window into the particle nature of dark matter, are discussed
description: 19 pages, 7 figures. Extended discussion, improved figures and corrected typos. Matches the published version (invited contribution to NJP Focus Issue on 'Dark Matter and Particle Physics')
Application of nickel plating by galvanization on steel surface of brazed cemented carbide-maraging steel joints
Creators: name: Tillmann, Wolfgang
name: Ulitzka, Tim
name: Dahl, L.
name: Wojarski, Lukas
name: Ulitzka, Henrik
name: Koymatli, M.
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Vacuum brazing
subject: Cemented carbide
subject: Heat treatment
subject: Maraging steel
subject: Microstructure
subject: Joint strength
subject: Galvanization
subject: Wetting
subject: 620
subject: 670
subject: Löten
subject: Sinter
subject: Wärmebehandlung
subject: Mikrostruktur
subject: Festigkeit
subject: Verzinken
subject: Benetzung

description: Recently, the integration of a maraging steel heat treatment into a vacuum brazing has been conducted successfully to manufacture high-strength and sound cemented carbide-steel joints with elevated mechanical properties of the steel component. Besides the use of low-melting silver-based active filler alloys and cost-intensive palladium-containing filler alloys, the application of a nickel layer on the maraging steel surface by an arc-PVD process is an adequate approach to overcome the low wettability of those steels, which is caused by high fractions of elements with a high oxygen affinity like titanium and molybdenum. Though nickel plating by arc-PVD is an elaborate and time-consuming coating process, it is not suitable for industrial applications since a high vacuum is required in the specimen chamber and only a small number of specimens can be processed at the same time. Therefore, this publication evaluates the application of nickel galvanization by chemical plating and electroplating as an alternative nickel-coating method to manufacture a brazed joint between a cemented carbide and maraging steel (1.2709) component by using the copper filler metal Cu 110 (TM = 1085 °C). The electroplated and PVD-coated reference specimens featured a sound joint from a minimum nickel layer thickness of 7.0 µm with a similar microstructure consisting mainly of a copper-based fillet and a nickel-rich phase band at the maraging steel-fillet interface. The chemical-plated specimens showed excessive diffusion between the joining partners due to the presence of melting point depressant phosphor between 10.5 and 12.0 wt.-% in the applied characteristic nickel-phosphorus layer. Consequently, titanium migration occurred from the maraging steel surface to the cemented carbide-fillet interface, and columnar iron-cobalt phases formed originating from the cemented carbide into the copper-rich fillet. Except for the specimens coated with no nickel and a 2.5-µm PVD layer, all brazed joints featured a shear strength of at least 150.0 MPa. The maximum shear strength of 344.8 MPa was achieved by electroplating the maraging steel joining surface with a 20.0-µm-thick nickel layer. Moreover, the steel heat treatment was carried out successfully since an elevated and homogenous hardness of at least 648 HV1 was measured in all steel specimens after brazing.
description: Welding in the world; 67(5)
Dark matter dominance at all radii in the superthin galaxy UGC 7321
Creators: name: Banerjee, Arunima
name: Matthews, Lynn D.
name: Jog, Chanda J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We model the shape and density profile of the dark matter halo of the low surface brightness, superthin galaxy UGC 7321, using the observed rotation curve and the HI scale height data as simultaneous constraints. We treat the galaxy as a gravitationally coupled system of stars and gas, responding to the gravitational potential of the dark matter halo. An isothermal halo of spherical shape with a core density in the range of 0.039 - 0.057 M_sun/pc^3 and a core radius between 2.5 - 2.9 kpc, gives the best fit to the observations for a range of realistic gas parameters assumed. We find that the best-fit core radius is only slightly higher than the stellar disc scale length (2.1 kpc), unlike the case of the high surface brightness galaxies where the halo core radius is typically 3-4 times the disc scale length of the stars. Thus our model shows that the dark matter halo dominates the dynamics of the low surface brightness, superthin galaxy UGC 7321 at all radii, including the inner parts of the galaxy.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures, Accepted for publication in New Astronomy
Brides without Borders: New Topographies of Violence and the Future of Law in an Era of Transnational Citizen-Subjects
Creators: name: Lodhia, Sharmila
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2010

description: Lavina Melwani has described non-resident Indian (NRI) abandonment cases as the “ugly underside of outsourced marriages.” As the introductory narrative suggests, patterns of marriage and migration within the Indian diaspora have generated new forms of abuse that manifest themselves in a wide range of desertion scenarios involving new brides. Anti-violence activists are receiving a growing number of calls from women experiencing what some advocates have characterized as “transnational abandonment.” It is estimated that at least 20,000 to 30,000 Indian women have been abandoned by their non-resident Indian spouses, and true figures may be significantly higher due to underreporting. As the issue of abandonment receives increasing international spotlight, so too has information concerning the many different circumstances in which it occurs. Depending on their objective, spouses in abandonment cases file divorce papers, initiate custody proceedings, or avoid paying child support in the jurisdiction they believe to be most supportive of their interests. In many of these situations, women are powerless to contest their spouse’s legal actions because of financial constraints and/or the inability to travel due to immigration restrictions. In addition to being severely disadvantaged in these cases from a legal perspective, these women are often subjected to other forms of emotional and physical abuse at the hands of their spouses, and in some cases, their in- laws. The issue of transnational abandonment highlights Saskia Sassen’s concept of the “global city,” or that which signifies the “unbundling of the exclusive territoriality of the nation-state.”‘ 0 In this juncture between globalization and sovereignty, the absence of national and international legal strategies to address the emergent issue of abandonment leaves many women without access to vital legal protections. This Article examines the phenomenon of transnational abandonment, or what has emerged in media and legal discourses as the figure of the “NRI abandoned bride.” In particular, this Article investigates the potential of the NRI abandoned bride for advancing a more transnational approach to jurisprudence involving family law and child custody issues; and the extent to which the US. and Indian governments have responded to the problem of NRI abandonment, given the distinct challenge of advocating for women across national boundaries, and in the absence of a coordinated system of intergovernmental communication and meaningful cross-border advocacy networks. By tracing the figure of the NRI bride in and through these multiple national, transnational, legislative and jurisdictional entanglements, this Article aims to complicate legal theory, which has resisted meaningful engagement with the altered jurisdictions globalization has produced.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 19 No. 3 (2010)
Trofinetide: First Approval
Creators: name: Keam, Susan
Publisher: name: Adis Journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine

description: Declarations Funding The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding. Authorship and Conflict of interest During the peer review process the manufacturer of the agent under review was offered an opportunity to comment on the article. Changes resulting from any comments received were made by the authors on the basis of scientific completeness and accuracy. Susan J. Keam is a contracted employee of Adis International Ltd/Springer Nature, and declares no relevant conflicts of interest. All authors contributed to the review and are responsible for the article content. Ethics approval, Consent to participate, Consent to publish, Availability of data and material, Code availability not applicable Additional information about this Adis Drug Review can be found here. Abstract Trofinetide (DAYBUETM), an oral, small molecule, synthetic analog of glycine-proline-glutamate [GPE; the N-terminal tripeptide derivative of insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1)], is being developed by Neuren Pharmaceuticals and Acadia Pharmaceuticals for the treatment of rare childhood neurodevelopmental disorders. Trofinetide was approved in March 2023 in the USA for the treatment of Rett syndrome in adult and pediatric patients 2 years of age and older. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of trofinetide leading to this first approval for Rett syndrome. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023
Manufacturing crisis : rhetorical new materialism, political discourse, and the ‘crisis’ at the U.S.-Mexico border
Creators: name: Scott, Maclain Bernabei
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2023
Subjects: Rhetoric
Representationalism
Rhetorical new materialism
Crisis

description: “Manufacturing Crisis: Rhetorical New Materialism, Political Discourse, and the ‘Crisis’ at the U.S.-Mexico Border” examines the rhetorical life of crisis as a concept and term, particularly in its fraught application to the U.S.-Mexico border. Grounded in rhetorical new materialism and informed by border rhetorics scholarship, this project examines how dominant, representationalist discourses and digital practices circulate and sediment “crisis” as a normalized designation for the border. Using Karen Barad’s posthumanist critique of representationalism, I analyze how public declarations of the so-called 2019 border crisis became rhetorically weighted and advantageous for the Trump administration, as “crisis” resonated with the belief that the safety and (white) hegemony of the U.S. was being threatened by migrants of color. While much new materialist scholarship has a somewhat antagonistic relationship with discourse, I show that Barad’s critique of representationalism coupled with her understanding of representations as material-discursive phenomena offer a useful framework for analyzing political discourse. In doing so, I also argue that rhetorical new materialist scholars are well-served to consider how our critiques of representationalism nonetheless rely on and reinforce the very Cartesian orientation we seek to complicate. While this complicity is perhaps inevitable, it’s not a contradiction nor unproductive, and instead offers scholars an opportunity to recognize our entanglements with our objects of study.
We’ve Had Three of Them: Addressing the Invisibility of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Gender Nonconforming Youths in the Juvenile Justice System
Creators: name: Irvine, Angela
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2010

description: Two researchers were speaking to a high-ranking probation officer from a large city, trying to convince her to participate in a project on lesbian, gay, bisexual and questioning (“LGB”), and gender non- conforming youths. Her first response was, “I’ve worked in this system for twenty-five years and in all of that time I think we’ve had three of [these types of youths].” This quote perfectly captures a prevalent myth: the juvenile justice system detains only very few LGB and gender non-conforming youths. Juvenile justice professionals believe this myth because only a handful of LGB and gender non-conforming youths disclose their sexual orientations, act in ways that do not conform to gender norms, or have court cases linked to their sexual orientation, gender identity or gender expression. However, many LGB youths, youths who are questioning their sexual orientations or youths who have non-conforming gender identities enter the juvenile justice system unnoticed. The disproportionate incarceration of youths of color within the juvenile justice system further reinforces the invisibility of LGB and gender non-conforming youths. Many juvenile justice professionals assume that LGB and gender non-conforming youths come from middle class, white families, and therefore, juvenile justice jurisdictions detaining large numbers of youths of color do not serve LGB and gender non-conforming youths. This Article shows that both assumptions are wrong. National survey data presented in this Article shows that fifteen percent of youths in the juvenile justice system are LGB, questioning their sexual orientation, transgender or express their gender in non-conforming ways. Moreover, the data shows that equal proportions of white, African American and Latino youths are LGB and gender non-conforming.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 19 No. 3 (2010)
Seeing the Collision of a Supernova with its Companion Star
Creators: name: Kasen, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The progenitors of Type Ia and some core collapse supernovae are thought to be stars in binary systems, but little observational evidence exists to confirm the hypothesis. We suggest that the collision of the supernova ejecta with its companion star should produce detectable emission in the hours and days following the explosion. The interaction occurs at distances ~10^11-10^13 cm and shocks the impacting supernova debris, dissipating kinetic energy and re-heating the gas. Initially, some radiation may escape promptly through the evacuated region of the shadowcone, producing a bright X-ray (0.1-2 keV) burst lasting minutes to hours with luminosity L ~ 10^44 ergs/s. Continuing radiative diffusion from deeper layers of shock heated ejecta produces a longer lasting optical/UV emission which exceeds the radioactively powered luminosity of the supernova for the first few days after the explosion. These signatures are prominent for viewing angles looking down upon the shocked region, or about 10% of the time. The properties of the emission provide a straightforward measure of the separation distance between the stars and hence (assuming Roche lobe overflow) the companion's radius. Current optical and UV data sets likely already constrain red giant companions. By systematically acquiring early time data for many supernovae, it should eventually be possible to empirically determine how the parameters of the progenitor system influence the outcome of the explosion.
description: 7 pages; ApJ submitted