cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Post Mortem CT Findings in Drowning
Creators: name: Stephens, Deborah
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Forensic / Necropsy studies
subject: CT
subject: Education
subject: Forensics

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To illustrate the radiological findings on Post-Mortem CT in cases of...
Dynamic Epistasis under Varying Environmental Perturbations
Creators: name: Barker, Brandon
name: Xu, Lin
name: Gu, Zhenglong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Epistasis describes the phenomenon that mutations at different loci do not have independent effects with regard to certain phenotypes. Understanding the global epistatic landscape is vital for many genetic and evolutionary theories. Current knowledge for epistatic dynamics under multiple conditions is limited by the technological difficulties in experimentally screening epistatic relations among genes. We explored this issue by applying flux balance analysis to simulate epistatic landscapes under various environmental perturbations. Specifically, we looked at gene-gene epistatic interactions, where the mutations were assumed to occur in different genes. We predicted that epistasis tends to become more positive from glucose-abundant to nutrient-limiting conditions, indicating that selection might be less effective in removing deleterious mutations in the latter. We also observed a stable core of epistatic interactions in all tested conditions, as well as many epistatic interactions unique to each condition. Interestingly, genes in the stable epistatic interaction network are directly linked to most other genes whereas genes with condition-specific epistasis form a scale-free network. Furthermore, genes with stable epistasis tend to have similar evolutionary rates, whereas this co-evolving relationship does not hold for genes with condition-specific epistasis. Our findings provide a novel genome-wide picture about epistatic dynamics under environmental perturbations.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures
Financial profitability analysis of dairy milk production in some selected areas of Bangladesh
Creators: name: Ariful Alam
name: Sampa, Asma Yeasmin
name: Sauda Afrin Anny
name: Sharmin Afrin
name: Ariful Alam
name: Sampa, Asma Yeasmin
name: Sauda Afrin Anny
name: Sharmin Afrin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Dairy farming
subject: Milk production
subject: Profitability
subject: Cobb-Douglas production function
subject: Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR)

description: The study analyzed profitability and productivity of dairy milk production from a survey of 70 respondents (farmers and market actors) in Dhaka region. Responsible factors that affect dairy milk production were identified using the Cobb-Douglas production function. The findings unveil that significant coefficients of variables exhibit positive impact on the dairy milk production. It is possible for dairy farmers to enjoy sufficient profits from milk production since earned gross return and net return were Tk. 1099 and Tk. 594, respectively against the total cost of production Tk. 487.83 per cow per day. Average production of milk per cow was 12.5 liters. The estimated Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) was 2.17 that is dairy farmers earned Tk. 2.17 investing one taka in dairy farming.
Psychosocial issues and coping mechanisms of pregnant and postnatal women diagnosed with COVID-19: A qualitative study
Creators: name: Mulenga, M.
name: Kabwe, J.C.
name: Jacobs, C.
name: Price, J.T.
name: Siulapwa, N.
name: Lubeya, M.K.
name: Phiri, S.N.
name: Kaonga, P.
name: Phiri, C.C.
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications Ltd
Year: 2022

description: Objective There is a paucity of data on the psychosocial issues and coping mechanisms among pregnant and postnatal women with COVID-19 infection. We, therefore, aimed to explore the psychosocial issues and coping mechanisms of pregnant and postnatal women diagnosed with COVID-19 at tertiary-level hospitals. Methods This was a qualitative phenomenological study conducted in 2021 with a sample size of 16 women admitted at two referral hospitals serving as COVID-19 admission facilities for pregnant and postnatal women in Lusaka, Zambia. In-depth interviews were conducted via telephone to understand what these women experienced when diagnosed with COVID-19. All the interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis was conducted using the six steps approach to develop emerging themes. Results Two major themes emerged: psychosocial issues and coping mechanisms. The primary psychosocial issues were worry and stigma. Women worried about infecting their unborn baby or neonate, being separated from the baby, the general safety of the baby, and the health of other family members. Women also worried about the attitude of health care providers and faced discrimination or stigma because of their infection. Thus, some coping mechanisms were developed that helped them, such as a positive attitude, keeping the disease secret, reliance on family members for support and using positive information from social media. Conclusion This study provides unique insights into the psychosocial experiences of pregnant and postnatal women diagnosed with COVID-19. Women were particularly concerned about the unborn baby's well-being and discrimination.This study suggests the need for policy and clinical practice to consider the integration of effective mental health services into the provision of maternal health and COVID-19 services.
Design and Implementation of NLP-based Conversational CHATBOT Framework in Higher Education
Creators: name: Opoku-Brobbey, Michael
Publisher: name: London South Bank University
Year: 2020

description: The increasing use of technology is changing the way students learn and absorb information. Hence, educational institutions also need to accelerate their student communication process to draw the attention of this fast-paced generation. The project here aims to harvest better teacher-student relationships and to prepare students for personalised learning by developing a convincing chatbot to assist pupils in their queries related to common operations in numerical base 2 or binary operations with general information operations. Background research on various web applications and chatbot systems was discussed and analysed before the development of the project. Functional and non-functional requirements were assessed on the priority basis and the respective methodology was devised for the project. Python Flask and MongoDB are used for the backend whereas HTML5, CSS3 and jQuery are used for the frontend of the framework. Deployment is done through Heroku Cloud Platform. Moreover, MongoDB Atlas, NLTK, AWS Lambda Functions, AWS Lex, Boto3, Pymongo and Gunicorn are used as Third-Party Tools and Libraries. Various test cases were verified to check for the functional and non-functional requirements completion. A Likert-scale questionnaire survey was done from 60 engineering students who have studied Introduction to Digital Electronics module after the chatbot deployment and the survey responses were recorded and evaluation of the results were generated. The survey concludes that majority of the participants find the chatbot to be extremely useful and the developed framework generates correct responses, and explanations to the questions. Further to the aforementioned points, future study for the project has been proposed in the paper. AI approach can be used to train the chatbot framework and to provide more accurate answers for students in future. Moreover, the framework can be altered to support advanced parsing techniques in future along with an added voice functionality and multi-language support in the chatbot framework.
title: Liver and Spleen volumes in patients treated for HCC
Creators: name: Tran, Anthony Tu
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Liver
subject: Oncology
subject: CT
subject: Ablation procedures
subject: Surgery
subject: Cancer
subject: Outcomes

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for around 90% of liver cancer cases [1]. In recent years, the progressive advancements in surveillance, diagnosis and treatment have led to earlier diagnosis and curative treatment [2]. Although the...
Resilience of hybrid optical angular momentum qubits to turbulence
Creators: name: Farías, Osvaldo Jiménez
name: D'Ambrosio, Vincenzo
name: Taballione, Caterina
name: Bisesto, Fabrizio
name: Slussarenko, Sergei
name: Aolita, Leandro
name: Marrucci, Lorenzo
name: Walborn, Stephen P.
name: Sciarrino, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent schemes to encode quantum information into the total angular momentum of light, defining rotation-invariant hybrid qubits composed of the polarization and orbital angular momentum degrees of freedom, present interesting applications for quantum information technology. However, there remains the question as to how detrimental effects such as random spatial perturbations affect these encodings. Here, we demon- strate that alignment-free quantum communication through a turbulent channel based on hybrid qubits can be achieved with unit transmission fidelity. In our experiment, alignment-free qubits are produced with q-plates and sent through a homemade tur- bulence chamber. The decoding procedure, also realized with q-plates, relies on both degrees of freedom and renders an intrinsic error-filtering mechanism that maps errors into losses.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures. published in Scientific Reports
A study of the rapid rotator $ζ$ Aql: differential surface rotation?
Creators: name: Howarth, Ian D.
name: Bailey, Jeremy
name: Cotton, Daniel V.
name: Kedziora-Chudczer, Lucyna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report new, extremely precise, photopolarimetry of the rapidly-rotating A0 main-sequence star $ζ$ Aql, covering the wavelength range $\sim$400--900nm, which reveals a rotationally-induced signal. We model the polarimetry, together with the flux distribution and line profiles, in the framework of Roche geometry with $ω$-model gravity darkening, to establish the stellar parameters. An additional constraint is provided by TESS photometry, which shows variability with a period, $P_{\rm phot}$, of 11.1 hr. Modelling based on solid-body surface rotation gives rotation periods, $P_{\rm rot}$, that are in only marginal agreement with this value. We compute new ESTER stellar-structure models to predict horizontal surface velocity fields, which depart from solid-body rotation at only the $\sim$2% level (consistent with a reasonably strong empirical upper limit on differential rotation derived from the line-profile analysis). These models bring the equatorial rotation period, $P_{\rm rot,e}$, into agreement with $P_{\rm phot}$, without requiring any 'fine tuning' (for the Gaia parallax). We confirm that surface abundances are significantly subsolar ($\mbox{[M/H]} \simeq -0.5$). The star's basic parameters are established with reasonably good precision: ${M = 2.53\pm0.16\,\mbox{M}_\odot}$, $\log{L/\mbox{L}_\odot} = 1.72\pm0.02$, $R_{\rm p} = 2.21\pm 0.02\,\mbox{R}_\odot$, $T_{\rm eff} = 9693 \pm 50~\mbox{K}$, $i = 85{^{+5}_{-7}}^\circ$, and $ω/ω_{\rm c} = 0.95\pm0.02$. Comparison with single-star, solar-abundance stellar-evolution models incorporating rotational effects shows excellent agreement (but somewhat poorer agreement for models at $\mbox{[M/H]} \simeq -0.4$).
description: MNRAS, accepted Minor typographical edits in v3
Quality of Recovery After Rotator Cuff Repair With Interscalene Liposomal Bupivacaine Versus Interscalene Nerve Catheter
Creators: name: Serrano, R.
name: Cobb, K.
name: Grant, S.
name: Park, M.
name: Flynn, D.
name: Gonzalez, M.
name: Li, Q.
name: Schoenherr, J.W.
name: Lee, Z.
name: Bullard, T.
name: Howard, C.
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications Ltd
Year: 2022

description: Background: Interscalene nerve catheters have been proven to be effective in managing pain after rotator cuff repair (RCR) surgery. Liposomal bupivacaine is a newer approved therapy for use around the interscalene brachial plexus, but its analgesic efficacy has limited supporting data in various patient populations. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to investigate the quality of recovery after arthroscopic RCR in patients who received either single-injection interscalene liposomal bupivacaine or an interscalene peripheral nerve catheter. It was hypothesized that interscalene peripheral nerve catheters would provide more reliable analgesia and improved patient satisfaction 48 hours after surgery. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.Methods:Enrolled were 93 consecutive patients who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff surgery at a single ambulatory surgery center between October 2020 and June 2021. Of these patients, 13 were lost to follow-up; thus, 80 patients were included in statistical analysis. One group of patients (n = 48) received a preoperative interscalene nerve block placed with 10 mL 0.5% bupivacaine and 10 mL 1.3% liposomal bupivacaine. The second group (n = 32) received a preoperative interscalene catheter with an initial bolus of 20 mL 0.25% bupivacaine and a 0.2% ropivacaine infusion by an elastomeric pump set at 10 mL/hr for 48 hours. The primary outcome was the difference between preoperative and 48-hour postoperative quality of recovery-15 (QoR-15) scores. Secondary outcomes included visual analog pain scores, opioid use, and patient satisfaction. Complications and adverse effects were also noted. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze means and standard deviations for continuous endpoints; Fisher exact test was used to analyze counts and proportions for categorical endpoints. Results: The liposomal bupivacaine group had a mean reduction of 3.9 in their postoperative QoR-15 scores, and the catheter group had a mean reduction of 25.1 in their postoperative QoR-15 scores, indicating a significantly worse functional recovery period compared with liposomal bupivacaine within the first 48 hours (P < .001). Patients who received liposomal bupivacaine also had significantly lower pain scores on the second postoperative day, improved quality of sleep, and improved satisfaction with analgesia (P < .05 for all). Conclusion: The use of interscalene liposomal bupivacaine demonstrated significantly improved quality of recovery when compared with interscalene nerve catheter after RCR.
Hybrid inhibited coupling and photonic bandgap hollow core fiber for telecom wavelength
Creators: name: Vasko, Kostiantyn
name: Benoit Debord
name: Rosa, Lorenzo
name: Vincetti, Luca
name: Benabid, Fetah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: HCPCF
Inhibited Coupling
Numerical simulation
Photonic Band Gap
Hybrid

description: We numerically demonstrate that a hollow core fiber with a cladding comprised with a first ring with
 non touching tubes surrounded by a photonic bandgap outer cladding combines low confinement loss, low optical
 overlap with silica and single modedness
title: SIRT following the BCLC 2022 update – The role of Interventional Radiology and where to go from here
Creators: name: Duong, David
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: Liver
subject: Oncology
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Radioembolisation
subject: Cancer
subject: Image guided radiotherapy
subject: Radiotherapy techniques

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To review the current and emerging literature surrounding selective internal radiation therapy (SIRT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), with a focus on recent technical refinements and expanding applications to summarise its role in the current...
Adaptive Monte Carlo Maximum Likelihood
Creators: name: Miasojedow, Blazej
name: Niemiro, Wojciech
name: Palczewski, Jan
name: Rejchel, Wojciech
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider Monte Carlo approximations to the maximum likelihood estimator in models with intractable norming constants. This paper deals with adaptive Monte Carlo algorithms, which adjust control parameters in the course of simulation. We examine asymptotics of adaptive importance sampling and a new algorithm, which uses resampling and MCMC. This algorithm is designed to reduce problems with degeneracy of importance weights. Our analysis is based on martingale limit theorems. We also describe how adaptive maximization algorithms of Newton-Raphson type can be combined with the resampling techniques. The paper includes results of a small scale simulation study in which we compare the performance of adaptive and non-adaptive Monte Carlo maximum likelihood algorithms.
Identifying environmental controls on vegetation greenness phenology through model-data integration
Creators: name: Forkel, M.
name: Carvalhais, N.
name: Schaphoff, S.
name: V. Bloh, W.
name: Migliavacca, M.
name: Thurner, M.
name: Thonicke, K.
Publisher: name: München : European Geopyhsical Union
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biogeochemistry
subject: boreal forest
subject: data set
subject: decadal variation
subject: ecological modeling
subject: environmental conditions
subject: growing season
subject: net primary production
subject: phenology
subject: seasonal variation
subject: vegetation dynamics
subject: water availability
subject: 550

description: Existing dynamic global vegetation models (DGVMs) have a limited ability in reproducing phenology and decadal dynamics of vegetation greenness as observed by satellites. These limitations in reproducing observations reflect a poor understanding and description of the environmental controls on phenology, which strongly influence the ability to simulate longer-term vegetation dynamics, e.g. carbon allocation. Combining DGVMs with observational data sets can potentially help to revise current modelling approaches and thus enhance the understanding of processes that control seasonal to long-term vegetation greenness dynamics. Here we implemented a new phenology model within the LPJmL (Lund Potsdam Jena managed lands) DGVM and integrated several observational data sets to improve the ability of the model in reproducing satellite-derived time series of vegetation greenness. Specifically, we optimized LPJmL parameters against observational time series of the fraction of absorbed photosynthetic active radiation (FAPAR), albedo and gross primary production to identify the main environmental controls for seasonal vegetation greenness dynamics. We demonstrated that LPJmL with new phenology and optimized parameters better reproduces seasonality, inter-annual variability and trends of vegetation greenness. Our results indicate that soil water availability is an important control on vegetation phenology not only in water-limited biomes but also in boreal forests and the Arctic tundra. Whereas water availability controls phenology in water-limited ecosystems during the entire growing season, water availability co-modulates jointly with temperature the beginning of the growing season in boreal and Arctic regions. Additionally, water availability contributes to better explain decadal greening trends in the Sahel and browning trends in boreal forests. These results emphasize the importance of considering water availability in a new generation of phenology modules in DGVMs in order to correctly reproduce observed seasonal-to-decadal dynamics of vegetation greenness.
Racial Disparity, Social Determinates of Health, and Slavery During the Boston Smallpox Epidemics of the Eighteenth Century
Creators: name: Nakayama, Don K.
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications Ltd
Year: 2022

description: When Benjamin Franklin published the mortality rates from smallpox during the Boston smallpox epidemic of 1752, he revealed that Blacks not only had a higher mortality rate from smallpox (12.8%, 62/485; 8.9% for whites, 452/5,059), but once inoculated, had less protection from fatal disease (mortality rate 5.0%, 7/139; 1.2% for whites, 23/1,954). His report was thus the first publication to document racial disparities in a disease and its treatment. The differential outcomes came about in the context of slavery, poverty, and war, the predecessors of the social determinates of health that we observe today. During the 1752 outbreak only 28 percent of the Boston's occupants were inoculated, a level that failed to protect the community. When the contagion returned in 1764, the town selectmen decided to provide inoculations at no cost to all that needed them. That year inoculated smallpox reached 87 percent of the total caseload. "This lowered the death rate for smallpox so markedly," wrote John Blake, historian at the National Library of Medicine, "that for the first time a smallpox year failed to stand out as one of unusual mortality." One final observation came from Franklin's data: the unexpectedly high prevalence of inoculations among Blacks (6.8% of those inoculated, 146/2,143; 8.5% of all those contracting the disease, 693/8,201). Boston's whites had made certain enslaved Blacks were inoculated, evidence the extent to which slavery was essential to the economy of colonial Boston.
title: Imaging features of extraocular muscle enlargement
Creators: name: Chaudhary, Shreyas
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Eyes
subject: Other

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: Extraocular muscle enlargement (EOME) can occur secondary to an array of inflammatory, neoplastic, infective or vascular conditions. Orbital imaging with computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays an essential role in the...
Gravitational billiards -- bouncing inside a paraboloid cavity
Creators: name: Jaud, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 14H81, 37C50, 37N05

description: In this work the confined domains for a point-like particle propagating within the boundary of an ideally reflecting paraboloid mirror are derived. Thereby it is proven that all consecutive flight parabola foci points lie on the surface of a common sphere of radius $R$. The main results are illustrated in various limiting cases and are compared to its two-dimensional counterpart.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
High critical current density in textured Ba-122/Ag tapes fabricated by scalable rolling process
Creators: name: Dong, Chiheng
name: Yao, Chao
name: Lin, He
name: Zhang, Xianping
name: Zhang, Qianjun
name: Wang, Dongliang
name: Ma, Yanwei
name: Oguro, Hidetoshi
name: Awaji, Satoshi
name: Watanabe, Kazuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The industrial manufacturing of the long-length iron-pnictide wires and tapes requires simple and low-cost technology. Although the transport critical current density of the FeAs-122 tapes has already achieved the practical application level, their fabrication procedures are relatively complicated or required specialized instruments. Ag-sheathed Ba0.6K0.4Fe2As2 superconducting tapes were fabricated by the scalable rolling process. At 4.2 K and 10 T, the critical current density Jc has achieved 5.4x10^4 A/cm2. We ascribe the excellent performance to the high purity and homogeneity of the superconducting phase, high density and high c-axis texture of the superconducting core. Our method provides a simple way to scale up the production of the long-length iron-based superconducting tapes with high Jc.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, 1 table. Scripta Materialia, in press
Necessary condition for null controllability in many-server heavy traffic
Creators: name: Shaikhet, Gennady
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Throughput sub-optimality (TSO), introduced in Atar and Shaikhet [Ann. Appl. Probab. 19 (2009) 521-555] for static fluid models of parallel queueing networks, corresponds to the existence of a resource allocation, under which the total service rate becomes greater than the total arrival rate. As shown in Atar, Mandelbaum and Shaikhet [Ann. Appl. Probab. 16 (2006) 1764-1804] and Atar and Shaikhet (2009), in the many server Halfin-Whitt regime, TSO implies null controllability (NC), the existence of a routing policy under which, for every finite $T$, the measure of the set of times prior to $T$, at which at least one customer is in the buffer, converges to zero in probability at the scaling limit. The present paper investigates the question whether the converse relation is also true and TSO is both sufficient and necessary for the NC behavior. In what follows we do get the affirmation for systems with either two customer classes (and possibly more service pools) or vice-versa and state a condition on the underlying static fluid model that allows the extension of the result to general structures.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/13-AAP1001 the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Singulatives in Gorwaa
Creators: name: Dires, Rahel T.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Gorwaa
subject: Languages of Tanzania
subject: Tanzanian Rift Valley
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: Field Methods
subject: South Cushitic
subject: Afroasiatic
subject: Singulative
subject: Number

description: A talk on singulatives in Gorwaa, given at the Gorwaa symposium 2023.
description: Note: This talk has not gone through a process of peer review, and findings should therefore be treated as preliminary and subject to change. Acknowledgement and citation: Dires, Rahel T. 2023. Singulatives in Gorwaa. 2023. Talk given at the Gorwaa Symposium 2023. University of Bayreuth, Germany. 27.07.2023.
Modal Content and Confinement Loss Evolution with Surface Roughness Profile in Hollow-Core Inhibited Coupling Tube Lattice Fibers
Creators: name: Vasko, Kostiantyn
name: Melli, Federico
name: Rosa, Lorenzo
name: Vincetti, Luca
name: Benabid, Fetah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: HCPCF
Inhibited Coupling
Numerical Simulation
Surface Roughness

description: We investigate with a numerical model the confinement loss of the higher-order modes of hollow-core inhibited
 coupling tube lattice fibers as influenced by the power spectral distribution of transverse surface roughness in the glass tubes
 forming the fiber cladding.
title: Cardiac CT as a Method to Demonstrate Complications Post Modified Blalock-Thomas-Taussig Shunt Procedure in Congenital Cardiac Disease
Creators: name: Nobre, Aashay
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Paediatric
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Shunts
subject: Congenital

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To describe in a pictorial manner, possible delayed complications of the Modified Blalock-Thomas-Taussig shunt (mBTTs) demonstrated in cardiac gated CT scans at a large tertiary paediatric hospital within Brisbane,...
Asymptotics of Monte Carlo maximum likelihood estimators
Creators: name: Miasojedow, Blazej
name: Niemiro, Wojciech
name: Palczewski, Jan
name: Rejchel, Wojciech
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We describe Monte Carlo approximation to the maximum likelihood estimator in models with intractable norming constants and explanatory variables. We consider both sources of randomness (due to the initial sample and to Monte Carlo simulations) and prove asymptotical normality of the estimator.
title: Effect of rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) of thyroid biopsy samples on rates of Bethesda 1 thyroid biopsy results.
Creators: name: Grant, Cameron
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Head and neck
subject: Thyroid / Parathyroids
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Biopsy
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Quality assurance

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: Non-diagnostic samples following ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) of suspicious thyroid nodules is a common problem faced by radiologists (1, 2). Non-diagnostic samples have the potential to increase time to diagnosis, patient...
Organic aerosol concentration and composition over Europe: Insights from comparison of regional model predictions with aerosol mass spectrometer factor analysis
Creators: name: Fountoukis, C.
name: Megaritis, A.G.
name: Skyllakou, K.
name: Charalampidis, P.E.
name: Pilinis, C.
name: Van Der Gon, H.A.C. Denier
name: Crippa, M.
name: Canonaco, F.
name: Mohr, C.
name: Prévôt, A.S.H.
name: Allan, J.D.
name: Poulain, L.
name: Petäjä, T.
name: Tiitta, P.
name: Carbone, S.
name: Kiendler-Scharr, A.
name: Nemitz, E.
name: O'Dowd, C.
name: Swietlicki, E.
name: Pandis, S.N.
Publisher: name: München : European Geopyhsical Union
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: aerosol
subject: algorithm
subject: autumn
subject: biomass burning
subject: concentration (composition)
subject: emission inventory
subject: factor analysis
subject: mass spectrometry
subject: organic matter
subject: prediction
subject: three-dimensional modeling
subject: winter
subject: 550

description: A detailed three-dimensional regional chemical transport model (Particulate Matter Comprehensive Air Quality Model with Extensions, PMCAMx) was applied over Europe, focusing on the formation and chemical transformation of organic matter. Three periods representative of different seasons were simulated, corresponding to intensive field campaigns. An extensive set of AMS measurements was used to evaluate the model and, using factor-analysis results, gain more insight into the sources and transformations of organic aerosol (OA). Overall, the agreement between predictions and measurements for OA concentration is encouraging, with the model reproducing two-thirds of the data (daily average mass concentrations) within a factor of 2. Oxygenated OA (OOA) is predicted to contribute 93% to total OA during May, 87% during winter and 96% during autumn, with the rest consisting of fresh primary OA (POA). Predicted OOA concentrations compare well with the observed OOA values for all periods, with an average fractional error of 0.53 and a bias equal to −0.07 (mean error = 0.9 μg m−3, mean bias = −0.2 μg m−3). The model systematically underpredicts fresh POA at most sites during late spring and autumn (mean bias up to −0.8 μg m−3). Based on results from a source apportionment algorithm running in parallel with PMCAMx, most of the POA originates from biomass burning (fires and residential wood combustion), and therefore biomass burning OA is most likely underestimated in the emission inventory. The sensitivity of POA predictions to the corresponding emissions' volatility distribution is discussed. The model performs well at all sites when the Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF)-estimated low-volatility OOA is compared against the OA with saturation concentrations of the OA surrogate species C* ≤ 0.1 μg m−3 and semivolatile OOA against the OA with C* > 0.1 μg m−3.
Density of states for the Unitary Fermi gas and the Schwarzschild black hole
Creators: name: Salasnich, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The density of states of a quantum system can be calculated from its definition but, in some cases, this approach is quite cumbersome. Alternatively, the density of states can be deduced from the microcanonical entropy or from the canonical partition function. After discussing the relationship among these procedures, we suggest a simple numerical method, which is equivalent in the thermodynamic limit to perform a Legendre transformation, to obtain the density of states from the Helmholtz free energy. We apply this method to determine the many-body density of states of the unitary Fermi gas, a very dilute system of identical fermions interacting with divergent scattering length. The unitary Fermi gas is highy symmetric due to the absence of any internal scale except for the average distance between two particles and, for this reason, its equation of state is called universal. In the last part of the paper, by using the same thermodynamical techniques, we review some properties of} the density of states of a Schwarzschild black hole, which shares with the unitary Fermi gas the problem of finding the density of states directly from its definition.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, invited paper (short review) for the Special Issue "Cooperative Effects in Finite Systems" of the journal Symmetry (MDPI)
Operating Spin Echo in the Quantum Regime for an Atomic-Ensemble Quantum Memory
Creators: name: Rui, Jun
name: Jiang, Yan
name: Yang, Sheng-Jun
name: Zhao, Bo
name: Bao, Xiao-Hui
name: Pan, Jian-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin echo is a powerful technique to extend atomic or nuclear coherence time by overcoming the dephasing due to inhomogeneous broadening. However, applying this technique to an ensemble-based quantum memory at single-quanta level remains challenging. In our experimental study we find that noise due to imperfection of the rephasing pulses is highly directional. By properly arranging the beam directions and optimizing the pulse fidelities, we have successfully managed to operate the spin echo technique in the quantum regime and observed nonclassical photon-photon correlations. In comparison to the case without applying the rephasing pulses, quantum memory lifetime is extended by 5 folds. Our work for the first time demonstrates the feasibility of harnessing the spin echo technique to extend lifetime of ensemble-based quantum memories at single-quanta level.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Stsíkiistsi ki stsíkiistsi: The ubiquity of Blackfoot demonstratives in discourse
Creators: name: Bliss, Heather
name: Wiltschko, Martina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Blackfoot demonstratives are ubiquitous and richly polysynthetic, yielding an inventory of 900 unique demonstrative forms. In oral stories, the distribution of demonstratives is particularly broad, and many appear with no clear referent or nominal complement, making no semantic contribution to the propositional content of the utterance. These "untranslatable" demonstratives are the focus of this chapter. Drawing on data from oral stories, we catalogue the properties of untranslatable demonstratives as a means to identify their discourse functions, and we demonstrate that different morphological and prosodic properties encode different discourse functions such as epistemic stance, noteworthiness, and emotivity.
Rates of Emotional Disturbance Among Children in Foster Care: Comparing Federal Child Welfare Data and Medicaid Records in Two States
Creators: name: Putnam-Hornstein, E.
name: Herd, T.
name: Font, S.
name: Palmer, L.
name: Prindle, J.
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications Ltd
Year: 2022

description: The purpose of this study is to estimate the rate of emotional disturbance (ED) among children in foster care and assess the validity of the national foster care census data (AFCARS) measure of ED. This study used linked child protection and Medicaid records from 2014 and 2015, for the states of California and Wisconsin, as well as data from AFCARS, a federal population census of children in foster care which states are mandated to contribute to. ED is defined by AFCARS and includes an array of mental and behavioral health diagnoses. According to AFCARS, 13% of CA children in foster care and 15% of WI children in foster care had an ED, whereas Medicaid claims produce rates of 45% and 48%, respectively. Rates of ED among children in congregate care were underestimated by 43?46 percentage points, with substantial proportions having diagnoses of disruptive behavioral disorders. Despite the AFCARS ED measure being cited in congressional testimonies and its wide use in research, results from this study suggest that the AFCARS ED estimates are an unreliable metric for use in research, policy, or practice.
Convergence towards asymptotic state in 1-D mappings: a scaling investigation
Creators: name: Teixeira, Rivania M. N.
name: Rando, Danilo S.
name: Geraldo, Felipe C.
name: Filho, R. N. Costa
name: de Oliveira, Juliano A.
name: Leonel, Edson D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Decay to asymptotic steady state in one-dimensional logistic-like mappings is characterized by considering a phenomenological description supported by numerical simulations and confirmed by a theoretical description. As the control parameter is varied bifurcations in the fixed points appear. We verified at the bifurcation point in both; the transcritical, pitchfork and period-doubling bifurcations, that the decay for the stationary point is characterized via a homogeneous function with three critical exponents depending on the nonlinearity of the mapping. Near the bifurcation the decay to the fixed point is exponential with a relaxation time given by a power law whose slope is independent of the nonlinearity. The formalism is general and can be extended to other dissipative mappings.
Reining in Punitive Discipline: Recent Trends in Exclusionary School Discipline Disparities
Creators: name: Sanabria, T.
name: Penner, E.K.
name: Hwang, N.
name: Penner, A.M.
name: Domina, T.
name: Hanselman, P.
name: Davison, M.
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications Ltd
Year: 2022

description: Concerns around disparities in suspensions and expulsions from schools in the United States have resulted in a concerted effort to reduce the use of exclusionary school discipline. In this article, the authors describe trends in the use of exclusionary discipline in Indiana and Oregon, two U.S. states with different school discipline policy climates. The findings point to a substantial decline in the use of suspensions and other forms of exclusionary discipline in both states. The authors further find that racial and socioeconomic disparities have recently narrowed in both states, though Black students and students who were identified as economically disadvantaged remain likely to be disproportionately exposed to exclusionary discipline. These trends, and their timing, illustrate the broad-based change in disciplinary norms that has occurred in the U.S. over the past decade.
title: Diagnostic Accuracy and Complications in Percutaneous Transthoracic Computer Tomography-Guided Lung Biopsies: A Retrospective Clinical Audit
Creators: name: Lim, Jocelyn
Publisher: name: The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Respiratory system
subject: CT
subject: Biopsy
subject: Cancer
subject: Outcomes

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: To retrospectively assess the diagnostic accuracy and rate of complications of lung biopsies performed by an interventional radiologist at Waitematā DHB in Auckland, New Zealand, comparing outcomes to that published in international...
Reliability and Validity of a Teacher Impressions Scale to Assess Social Play of Swedish Children in Inclusive Preschools
Creators: name: Odom, S.L.
name: Sedem, M.
name: Siljehag, E.
name: Allodi, M.W.
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications Ltd
Year: 2022

description: Play and peer interactions are crucial for children?s socioemotional development and growth. However, children with special needs, disabilities, and developmental delays may not participate in play with peers as much as typically developing children. Reliable and valid assessment information of children?s social behavior is necessary to design programs that support the socioemotional development of young children with and without special needs. The Teacher Impression Scale (TIS) is a behavioral rating scale based on systematic observations of children?s social behaviors in play. The study aimed to examine the internal structure evidence and the reliability of the Swedish version of the TIS. A sample of 46 preschool teachers used the TIS to rate the social behavior of 92 children. Teachers observed children with special education needs (SEN) and typically developing children (TD) during a 2-week time to assess the children?s social interactions in different play situations. The results showed that the Swedish version of the TIS, the TIS-S, is reliable and can help teachers to identify the need of support for children in play and social interaction in inclusive preschool environments. Furthermore, the instrument could also be useful for identifying special educational strategies aimed at strengthening the social interaction between children.
title: Некоторые социокультурные практики в индустрии досуга и их воспитательное воздействие на подрастающее поколение
Creators: name: Барсова, Татьяна
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2020

description: Среди культурных индустрий особое место занимает индустрия досуга. В структуре практик современной досуговой индустрии выделяются исторические реконструкции военных событий, быта, праздников. Цель автора – показать их продуктивность в деле воспитания молодого поколения. В статье рассматривается опыт исторических реконструкций в городе Великий Новгород. Выявлено комплексное воспитательное воздействие рассмотренных практик на формирование духовнонравственного облика молодёжи.
Design and performance of a three-wavelength LED-based total scatter and backscatter integrating nephelometer
Creators: name: Müller, T.
name: Laborde, M.
name: Kassell, G.
name: Wiedensohler, A.
Publisher: name: München : European Geopyhsical Union
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: airborne sensing
subject: ambient air
subject: ambient noise
subject: aurora
subject: experimental design
subject: light scattering
subject: parameterization
subject: performance assessment
subject: scatterometer
subject: wavelength
subject: 550

description: Integrating nephelometers are instruments that directly measure a value close to the light scattering coefficient of airborne particles. Different models of nephelometers have been used for decades for monitoring and research applications. Now, a series of nephelometers (Ecotech models M9003, Aurora 1000 and Aurora 3000) with newly designed light sources based on light emitting diodes are available. This article reports on the design of these integrating nephelometers and a comparison of the Aurora 3000 to another commercial instrument (TSI model 3563) that uses an incandescent lamp. Both instruments are three-wavelength, total and backscatter integrating nephelometers. We present a characterization of the new light source design of the Aurora 3000 and provide parameterizations for its angular sensitivity functions. These parameterizations facilitate to correct for measurement artefacts using Mie-theory. Furthermore, correction factors are provided as a function of the Ångström exponent. Comparison measurements against the TSI 3563 with laboratory generated white particles and ambient air are also shown and discussed. Both instruments agree well within the calibration uncertainties and detection limit for total scattering with differences less than 5 %. Differences for backscattering are higher by up to 11 %. Highest differences were found for the longest wavelengths, where the signal to noise ratio is lowest. Differences at the blue and green wavelengths are less than 4 % and 3 %, respectively, for both total and backscattering.
Resentment Is Like Drinking Poison? The Heterogeneous Health Effects of Affective Polarization
Creators: name: Nelson, Micah H.
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications Ltd
Year: 2022

description: Affective polarization-the tendency for individuals to exhibit animosity toward those on the opposite side of the partisan divide-has increased in the United States in recent years. This article presents evidence that this trend may have consequences for Americans? health. Structural equation model analyses of nationally representative survey data from Pew Research Center's American Trends Panel (n = 4,685) showed heterogeneous relationships between affectively polarized attitudes and self-rated health. On one hand, such attitudes were directly negatively associated with health such that the polarized political environment was proposed to operate as a sociopolitical stressor. Simultaneously, affective polarization was positively associated with political participation, which in turn was positively associated with health, although the direct negative effect was substantially larger than the indirect positive one. These results suggest that today's increasingly hostile and pervasive form of partisanship may undermine Americans' health even as it induces greater political engagement.
Dynamical Schwinger effect: Properties of the $e^{+}e^{-}$ plasma created from vacuum in strong laser fields
Creators: name: Blaschke, D.
name: Juchnowski, L.
name: Panferov, A.
name: Smolyansky, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamical Schwinger effect in the vacuum excitation of the electron-positron plasma under action of a "laser pulse" of the simplest configuration: a linearly polarized, time-dependent and spatially homogeneous electric field. Methodical basis of this investigation is the kinetic equation which is an exact consequence of the basic equations of motion of QED in the considered field model. In the present work we investigate some features of the residual electron-positron plasma and the transient process of its formation.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures