cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Generation of genic diversity among Streptococcus pneumoniae strains via horizontal gene transfer during a chronic polyclonal pediatric infection.
Creators: name: Hiller, Natalia
name: Ahmed, Azad
name: Powell, Evan
name: Martin, Darren P.
name: Eutsey, Rory A.
name: Earl, Joshua P.
name: Janto, Benjamin A.
name: Boissy, Robert
name: Hogg, Justin
name: Barbadora, Karen
name: Rangarajan  Sampath
name: Lonergan, Shaun
name: J. Christopher  Post
name: Hu, Fen Z.
name: Ehrlich, Garth D.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Although there is tremendous interest in understanding the evolutionary roles of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) processes that occur during chronic polyclonal infections, to date there have been few studies that directly address this topic. We have characterized multiple HGT events that most likely occurred during polyclonal infection among nasopharyngeal strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae recovered from a child suffering from chronic upper respiratory and middle-ear infections. Whole genome sequencing and comparative genomics were performed on six isolates collected during symptomatic episodes over a period of seven months. From these comparisons we determined that five of the isolates were genetically highly similar and likely represented a dominant lineage. We analyzed all genic and allelic differences among all six isolates and found that all differences tended to occur within contiguous genomic blocks, suggestive of strain evolution by homologous recombination. From these analyses we identified three strains (two of which were recovered on two different occasions) that appear to have been derived sequentially, one from the next, each by multiple recombination events. We also identified a fourth strain that contains many of the genomic segments that differentiate the three highly related strains from one another, and have hypothesized that this fourth strain may have served as a donor multiple times in the evolution of the dominant strain line. The variations among the parent, daughter, and grand-daughter recombinant strains collectively cover greater than seven percent of the genome and are grouped into 23 chromosomal clusters. While capturing in vivo HGT, these data support the distributed genome hypothesis and suggest that a single competence event in pneumococci can result in the replacement of DNA at multiple non-adjacent loci.
Comparing sweet liking testing methods: liking vs preference
Creators: name: Iatridi, Vasiliki
name: Yeomans, Martin
name: Armitage, Rhiannon Mae
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Life Sciences
subject: Biological Psychology
subject: Experimental Analysis of Behavior
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Health Psychology
subject: Nutrition
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Cognition and Perception

description: Recent work at Sussex developed an evidence-based method for classifying participants into three clearly defined sweet-liking phenotypes (Sussex Sweet-liking Test, STT: Iatridi et al., 2019a, 2020). In the STT, participants rate their liking for a 1.0M sucrose solution on a standardised visual analogue scale from dislike extremely (-50) to like extremely (+50). This newer method has advantages over earlier methods as it is based on the use of hierarchical cluster analysis of patterns rather than arbitrary cut-offs to define liking groups. The use of absolute liking measures was also argued to be more accurate than previously used preference tests since it is possible to prefer one concentration of sucrose over another even when both are disliked (Iatridi et al, 2019b). However, these methods have never been directly compared. Here we explore if the STT classifies individuals differently than one of the most popular existing preference measures: the Monell forced choice test.
Weak-value amplification of the fast-light effect in rubidium vapor
Creators: name: Mirhosseini, Mohammad
name: Viza, Gerardo
name: Magaña-Loaiza, Omar S.
name: Malik, Mehul
name: Howell, John C.
name: Boyd, Robert W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use weak-value amplification to enhance the polarization-sensitive fast-light effect from induced Raman absorption in hot rubidium vapor. We experimentally demonstrate that projecting the output signal into an appropriate polarization state enables a pulse advancement of 4.2 μs, which is 15 times larger than that naturally caused by dispersion. More significantly, we show that combining weak-value amplification with the dispersive response of an atomic system provides a clear advantage in terms of the maximum pulse advancement achievable for a given value of loss. This technique has potential applications for designing novel quantum-information-processing gates and optical buffers for telecommunication systems.
Grating imager systems for fluorescence optical-sectioning microscopy.
Creators: name: Lanni, Frederick
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In fluorescence microscopy, optical sectioning is defined as the attenuation or removal of out-of-focus features from an image, and it is a prerequisite for quantitative analysis of three-dimensional structure or function within the specimen. Optical sectioning is most commonly performed by confocal scanning fluorescence microscopy or two-photon scanning fluorescence microscopy. However, structured illumination can be used in conventional fluorescence microscopes to obtain optical sectioning performance, and, in advanced systems, 3D superresolution. The simplest structured-illumination system uses a Ronchi grating as a mask to project parallel stripes within the sharp depth-of-focus of the objective to encode in-focus specimen features differently from out-of-focus features. By shifting the grating, the in-focus image component can be discriminated and separated by elementary image processing operations. This implementation of structured illumination, the fluorescence grating imager, uses a conventional light source, is compatible with all high-quality fluorescence filter sets, and provides high optical-sectioning performance when used to image specimens in which (1) the out-of-focus image component is not much brighter than the in-focus features and (2) there is no significant movement in the specimen during the grating shift and image capture process.
Catalog of dense cores in the Orion A giant molecular cloud
Creators: name: Shimajiri, Yoshito
name: Kitamura, Y.
name: Nakamura, F.
name: Momose, M.
name: Saito, M.
name: Tsukagoshi, T.
name: Hiramatsu, M.
name: Shimoikura, T.
name: Dobashi, K.
name: Hara, C.
name: Kawabe, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Orion A giant molecular cloud core catalogs, which are based on 1.1 mm map with an angular resolution of 36 arcsec (sim 0.07 pc) and C18O (1-0) data with an angular resolution of 26.4 arcsec (sim 0.05 pc). We have cataloged 619 dust cores in the 1.1 mm map using the Clumpfind method. The ranges of the radius, mass, and density of these cores are estimated to be 0.01 - 0.20 pc, 0.6 - 1.2 times 10^2 Msun, and 0.3 times 10^4 - 9.2 times 10^6 cm^{-3}, respectively. We have identified 235 cores from the C18O data. The ranges of the radius, velocity width, LTE mass, and density are 0.13 -- 0.34 pc, 0.31 - 1.31 km s^{-1}, 1.0 - 61.8 Msun, and (0.8 - 17.5) times 10^3 cm^{-3}, respectively. From the comparison of the spatial distributions between the dust and C18O cores, four types of spatial relations were revealed: (1) the peak positions of the dust and C18O cores agree with each other (32.4% of the C18O cores), (2) two or more C18O cores are distributed around the peak position of one dust core (10.8% of the C18O cores), (3) 56.8% of the C18O cores are not associated with any dust cores, and (4) 69.3% of the dust cores are not associated with any C18O cores. The data sets and analysis are public.
description: 81 pages, 32 figures, ApJS accepted for publication
Band-filling effect on magnetic anisotropy using a Green's function method
Creators: name: Ke, Liqin
name: van Schilfgaarde, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use an analytical model to describe the magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy (MAE) in solids as a function of band filling. The MAE is evaluated in second-order perturbation theory, which makes it possible to decompose the MAE into a sum of transitions between occupied and unoccupied pairs. The model enables us to characterize the MAE as a sum of contributions from different, often competing terms. The nitridometalates Li$_{2}$[(Li$_{1-x}$T$_{x}$)N], with $T$=Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, provide a system where the model is very effective because atomic like orbital characters are preserved and the decomposition is fairly clean. Model results are also compared against MAE evaluated directly from first-principles calculations for this system. Good qualitative agreement is found.
Evidence and Strategy on Economic Distance in Spatially Augmented Solow-Swan Growth Model
Creators: name: Lee, Jieun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Econometrics (econ.EM)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Economists' interests in growth theory have a very long history (Harrod, 1939; Domar, 1946; Solow, 1956; Swan 1956; Mankiw, Romer, and Weil, 1992). Recently, starting from the neoclassical growth model, Ertur and Koch (2007) developed the spatially augmented Solow-Swan growth model with the exogenous spatial weights matrices ($W$). While the exogenous $W$ assumption could be true only with the geographical/physical distance, it may not be true when economic/social distances play a role. Using Penn World Table version 7.1, which covers year 1960-2010, I conducted the robust Rao's score test (Bera, Dogan, and Taspinar, 2018) to determine if $W$ is endogeonus and used the maximum likelihood estimation (Qu and Lee, 2015). The key finding is that the significance and positive effects of physical capital externalities and spatial externalities (technological interdependence) in Ertur and Koch (2007) were no longer found with the exogenous $W$, but still they were with the endogenous $W$ models. I also found an empirical strategy on which economic distance to use when the data recently has been under heavy shocks of the worldwide financial crises during year 1996-2010.
The river contract in urban context as a new network of experiences
Creators: name: Cialdea, Donatella
name: Pompei, Chiara
Publisher: name: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment
Year: 2021

description: The river contract can be identified as a process, linking different intervention scales, able to solve the complex system of relationships between all involved components. In the landscape improving interventions, the River Contract is a new opportunity to experiment innovative planning and design approaches for fragile territories. Due to climate change, they have become favourite settings to simultaneously implement territorial and local strategies. This paper concentrates in particular on the European panorama and tries to deepen the analysis of some test areas in Italy, proposing a methodology to compare their applications and their relationship with the planning tools in force.
description: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, Vol 14 No 3 (2021): The city challenges and external agents. Methods, tools and best practices
Testing Endogeneity of Spatial Weights Matrices in Spatial Dynamic Panel Data Models
Creators: name: Lee, Jieun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Econometrics (econ.EM)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: I propose Robust Rao's Score (RS) test statistic to determine endogeneity of spatial weights matrices in a spatial dynamic panel data (SDPD) model (Qu, Lee, and Yu, 2017). I firstly introduce the bias-corrected score function since the score function is not centered around zero due to the two-way fixed effects. I further adjust score functions to rectify the over-rejection of the null hypothesis under a presence of local misspecification in contemporaneous dependence over space, dependence over time, or spatial time dependence. I then derive the explicit forms of our test statistic. A Monte Carlo simulation supports the analytics and shows nice finite sample properties. Finally, an empirical illustration is provided using data from Penn World Table version 6.1.
Random Bits Regression: a Strong General Predictor for Big Data
Creators: name: Wang, Yi
name: Li, Yi
name: Xiong, Momiao
name: Jin, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To improve accuracy and speed of regressions and classifications, we present a data-based prediction method, Random Bits Regression (RBR). This method first generates a large number of random binary intermediate/derived features based on the original input matrix, and then performs regularized linear/logistic regression on those intermediate/derived features to predict the outcome. Benchmark analyses on a simulated dataset, UCI machine learning repository datasets and a GWAS dataset showed that RBR outperforms other popular methods in accuracy and robustness. RBR (available on https://sourceforge.net/projects/rbr/) is very fast and requires reasonable memories, therefore, provides a strong, robust and fast predictor in the big data era.
description: 20 pages,1 figure, 2 tables, research article
Co-creation of the green smart city concept. Analysis of the maturity of municipalities in the Polish- German borderland region
Creators: name: Łaźniewska, Ewa
name: Janicka, Izabela
name: Gorecki, Tomasz
Publisher: name: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment
Year: 2021

description: This article discusses the results of research conducted in the Polish-German borderland region regarding the ecological maturity of municipalities in 2020. Our main thesis is that the ecological strength of municipalities lies in the diversity of approaches taken towards solving problems related to environmental protection, and in the continuous activation of municipalities in their pursuit of the “green smart city” model, which in turn contributes to raising the standard of living for the residents. The aim of the study is an attempt to assess the activity of municipalities in the Polish-German borderland region via a tool for studying the ecological maturity of municipalities. The following milestones were adopted in the research: surveying municipalities in the Polish-German borderland area in terms of their ecological maturity, conducting a comparative analysis of the survey results, and formulating recommendations for the further development of municipalities and ecological policy.
description: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, Vol 14 No 3 (2021): The city challenges and external agents. Methods, tools and best practices
Experimental evidence for sparse firing in the neocortex.
Creators: name: Barth, Alison L.
name: Poulet, James F. A.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The advent of unbiased recording and imaging techniques to evaluate firing activity across neocortical neurons has revealed substantial heterogeneity in response properties in vivo, and that a minority of neurons are responsible for the majority of spikes. Despite the computational advantages to sparsely firing populations, experimental data defining the fraction of responsive neurons and the range of firing rates have not been synthesized. Here we review data about the distribution of activity across neuronal populations in primary sensory cortex. Overall, the firing output of granular and infragranular layers is highest. Although subthreshold activity across supragranular neurons is decidedly non-sparse, spikes are much less frequent and some cells are silent. Superficial layers of the cortex may employ specific cell and circuit mechanisms to increase sparseness.
Effect of radial flow on two particle correlations with identified triggers at intermediate $p_{T}$ in p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = $ 5.02 TeV
Creators: name: Sarkar, Debojit
name: Choudhury, Subikash
name: Chattopadhyay, Subhasis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results from the two-particle correlation between identified triggers (pions ($π^{\pm}$) , protons (p/$\bar{p}$))) and un-identified charged particles at intermediate transverse momentum ($p_{T}$) in p-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = $ 5.02 TeV have been presented. The events generated from a hybrid Monte-Carlo event generator, EPOS 3.107 that implements a flux-tube initial conditions followed by event by event 3+1D viscous hydrodynamical evolution, have been analysed to calculate two-dimensional correlation functions in $Δη$-$Δϕ$. The strength of angular correlations at small relative angles (jet-like correlations), quantified in terms of near-side jet-like per-trigger yield has been calculated as a function of the event multiplicity. The yield associated with pion triggers exhibit negligible multiplicity dependence, while the proton-triggered yield shows a gradual suppression from low to high multiplicity events. In small collision systems like p-Pb where jet modification is expected to be less dominant, the observed suppression may be associated with the hydrodynamical evolution of the bulk system that generates an outward radial flow. Analogous measurements in Au-Au collisions at RHIC energy have shown a hint of dilution in proton-triggered correlation at its highest multiplicity suggesting that the soft physics processes in p-Pb and heavy ion collisions may have qualitative similarity.
Observation of the Three-Mode Parametric Instability
Creators: name: Chen, X.
name: Zhao, C.
name: Danilishin, S.
name: Ju, L.
name: Blair, D.
name: Wang, H.
name: Vyatchanin, S. P.
name: Molinelli, C.
name: Kuhn, A.
name: Gras, S.
name: Briant, T.
name: Cohadon, P. -F.
name: Heidmann, A.
name: Roch-Jeune, I.
name: Flaminio, R.
name: Michel, C.
name: Pinard, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three-mode parametric interactions occur in triply-resonant optomechanical systems: photons from an optical pump mode are coherently scattered to a high-order mode by mechanical motion of the cavity mirrors, and these modes resonantly interact via radiation pressure force when certain conditions are met. Such effects are predicted to occur in long baseline advanced gravitational-wave detectors. They can pump energy into acoustic modes, leading to parametric instability, but they can also extract acoustic energy, leading to optomechanical cooling. We develop a large amplitude model of three-mode interactions that explains the ring-up amplitude saturation after instability occurs. We also demonstrate both radiation-pressure cooling and mechanical amplification in two different three-mode optomechanical systems, including the first observation of the three-mode parametric instability in a free-space Fabry-Perot cavity. The experimental data agrees well with the theoretical model. Contrary to expectations, parametric instability does not lead to loss of cavity lock, a fact which may make it easier to implement control techniques to overcome instability.
description: 11 pages, 14 figures
Genetically encoded pH sensor for tracking surface proteins through endocytosis.
Creators: name: Anmol  Grover
name: Schmidt, Brigitte
name: Salter, Russell D.
name: Watkins, Simon C.
name: Waggoner, Alan
name: Bruchez, Marcel
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Traffic cam: a tandem dye prepared from a FRET acceptor and a fluorogenic donor functions as a cell surface ratiometric pH indicator, which upon internalization serves to follow protein trafficking during endocytosis. This sensor was used to analyze agonist-dependent internalization of β(2)-adrenergic receptors. It was also used as a surrogate antigen to reveal direct surface-to-endosome antigen transfer between dendritic cells (not shown).
Use of in-situ surfactant-based solid phase extraction for determination of low concentrations of CrIII in infusions of medicinal plants
Creators: name: Siqueira, Alêssa Gomes
name: dos Santos Costa, Bruno Elias
name: Romualdo, Lincoln Lucílio
name: Alves, Vanessa Nunes
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A new solid phase extraction procedure, known as in situ surfactant-based solid phase extraction, has been proposed to detect the presence of CrIII in infusions of medicinal plants. In this work, a small amount of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide was injected into a sample containing CrIII, which was complexed by 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol. After shaking, a small volume of NaClO Was added to the solution as an ion-pairing agent. After preconcentration, the settled phase was dissolved in a specific volume of HCl and then analyzed by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. A Doehlert matrix was used to optimize the CrIII complex formation conditions, such as the chelating agent concentration (0.18 mmol L-1) and pH of 9.5 in the reaction medium. A 23 factorial design was used to screen the variables that influence the extraction of the complex. The concentration of ionic-pairing agent (0.26 mol L-1) and the vortex mixer agitation time (7.51 minutes) were significant and optimized using response surface methodology. The limit of detection, limit of quantification, and preconcentration factor were 1.66 μg L-1, 5.5 μg L-1 and 12, respectively. The linear range was 5.5-5000 μg L-1. The method proved accuracy by the comparison with certified reference material APS-1071 (p>0.05), and the optimized conditions were successfully applied for the determination of CrIII in samples of medicinal plant infusions.
Linking the fate of massive black hole binaries to the active galactic nuclei luminosity function
Creators: name: Dotti, Massimo
name: Merloni, Andrea
name: Montuori, Carmen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive black hole binaries are naturally predicted in the context of the hierarchical model of structure formation. The binaries that manage to lose most of their angular momentum can coalesce to form a single remnant. In the last stages of this process, the holes undergo an extremely loud phase of gravitational wave emission, possibly detectable by current and future probes. The theoretical effort towards obtaining a coherent physical picture of the binary path down to coalescence is still underway. In this paper, for the first time, we take advantage of observational studies of active galactic nuclei evolution to constrain the efficiency of gas-driven binary decay. Under conservative assumptions we find that gas accretion toward the nuclear black holes can efficiently lead binaries of any mass forming at high redshift (> 2) to coalescence within the current time. The observed "downsizing" trend of the accreting black hole luminosity function further implies that the gas inflow is sufficient to drive light black holes down to coalescence, even if they bind in binaries at lower redshifts, down to z~0.5 for binaries of ~10 million solar masses, and z~0.2 for binaries of ~1 million solar masses. This has strong implications for the detection rates of coalescing black hole binaries of future space-based gravitational wave experiments.
description: 6 pages, 3 figure, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Logit and probit models explaining perceived cycling motives, barriers, and biking trip generation in Lahore, Pakistan
Creators: name: Anwer, Izza
name: Masoumi, Houshmand
name: Aslam, Atif Bilal
name: Asim, Muhammad
Publisher: name: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment
Year: 2021

description: Cycling as an attractive mode of transport is a challenge, especially in developing countries like Pakistan. Previous research on cycling in developing countries is insufficient to answer that how people can be encouraged to bike in different regions and cultures. This research, therefore, directs two research questions based on the perceptions of the people of Lahore. The first research question addresses the perceived motives of everyday biking trip generation and the second question addresses the perceived barriers in biking in the city of Lahore. The data sample of 379 subjects was collected through self-reported questionnaire across different socioeconomic groups. The questionnaire was designed to discuss the motives for biking such as affordability, reliability, and accessibility as well as to identify the barriers such as cultural issues, gender problems and non-availability of infrastructure for biking. Along with descriptive statistics, Multinomial Logistic was used to analyze perceived motives, Binary Logistic for perceived barriers and Ordinal Probit for biking trip generation. The obtained results are very interesting and provide various insights about the perceptions of people regarding biking trip generation, motives, and barriers with various factors involved. The results are beneficial to urban developers, city planners, transport planners, policy makers and other stakeholders.
description: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, Vol 14 No 3 (2021): The city challenges and external agents. Methods, tools and best practices
Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan and the electric mobility challenge. First results of the planning process in Genoa (IT)
Creators: name: Delponte, Ilaria
Publisher: name: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment
Year: 2021

description: An increased use of local public transport (LPT) is often proposed as an essential contribution to the overall response to the environmental challenges. The major changes in the urban layout are accompanied by an adaptation of the infrastructural settings, necessary so that the movements can take place quickly, safely and efficiently, following to the main exigencies of its citizens. For this purpose, in accordance with the European Directive 2014/94 on alternative fuels, in Italy, the coordinated action at national level supports electricity and other fuels (such as liquefied and compressed natural gas and hydrogen) as priority fields of interventions for the entire supply of the transportation sector. Aware of the current state of Italian urban mobility, in August 2017 the Ministry of Infrastructure and Transport (MIT) introduced a planning tool dedicated to the 14 Metropolitan Cities, the Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan (SUMP) with the crucial objective of the electrification of “Rapid Mass Transport - TRM" systems. In particular, only TRM interventions that create a zero-emission are eligible for funding. Precisely in relation to sustainable electric mobility, this contribution deals with the step-wise project of new 4 trolleybus lines in Genoa, as an initial application of metropolitan TRM systems in Italy. In the paper, author provides the assessment of the electrification project adopted in Genoa and also first results from the case-study planning process.
description: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, Vol 14 No 3 (2021): The city challenges and external agents. Methods, tools and best practices
Unique prime factorization and bicentralizer problem for a class of type III factors
Creators: name: Houdayer, Cyril
name: Isono, Yusuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L10, 46L36

description: We show that whenever $m \geq 1$ and $M_1, \dots, M_m$ are nonamenable factors in a large class of von Neumann algebras that we call $\mathcal C_{(\text{AO})}$ and which contains all free Araki-Woods factors, the tensor product factor $M_1 \mathbin{\overline{\otimes}} \cdots \mathbin{\overline{\otimes}} M_m$ retains the integer $m$ and each factor $M_i$ up to stable isomorphism, after permutation of the indices. Our approach unifies the Unique Prime Factorization (UPF) results from [OP03, Is14] and moreover provides new UPF results in the case when $M_1, \dots, M_m$ are free Araki-Woods factors. In order to obtain the aforementioned UPF results, we show that Connes's bicentralizer problem has a positive solution for all type ${\rm III_1}$ factors in the class $\mathcal C_{(\text{AO})}$.
description: 41 pages. v3: final version
Characterization of drivers of agricultural land use change
Creators: name: Olaniyi, Akeem Olawale
name: Abdullah, Ahmad Makmom
Publisher: name: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment
Year: 2021

description: Major factors driving agricultural land use in Malaysia were characterized with Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Discrete variables assumed to drive agricultural land use were converted into spatial data. Vector data subsequently obtained from these conversions were later rasterized before being disaggregated. ASCII data of each of the disaggregated was derived using ArcGIS 10.3.1. A MatLab program was thereafter used to convert the ASCII data into vector column where systematic sampling was performed after Moran I test to select the samples for PCA analysis in SPSS/IBM version 23. The result of the PCA analysis finally aggregated variables driving agricultural land use into: urbanization, availability, ageing and cross sectoral mobility of labour, geophysical, accessibility, and climatic factors. These factors explained about 88 % of the cause of agricultural land use in the study area. The proposed transition of Malaysia to a high income nation will no doubt put additional pressures on the identified drivers (factors) of the agricultural land use, therefore, it is expected that the policy makers put in place measures that will minimize environmental effects of these pressures in order to make the proposed transition sustainable.
description: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, Vol 14 No 3 (2021): The city challenges and external agents. Methods, tools and best practices
Green synthesis, structural elucidation, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic activities of a Schiff base and its Pd(II) complexes
Creators: name: Jain, Akshita
name: Beniwal, Sarita
name: Sharma, Naveen
name: Fahmi, Nighat
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biochemistry
Space Science
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: This paper includes the synthesis of a Schiff base ligand and its palladium(II) complexes by conventional and green microwave-assisted techniques. They were characterized by conductivity measurements, mass spectrometry, FTIR, electronic spectroscopy, 1H NMR, and X-ray powder diffraction techniques. Based on analytical and spectral data, a square planar geometry was proposed for the metal complexes. The ligand(LH) and its metal complex[Pd(L) ] were screened for antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacterial(Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus) and fungal(Aspergillus niger, Penicillium chrysogenum) strains. Ciprofloxacin and Ketoconazole were used as standard drugs for antibacterial and antifungal activities respectively. The compounds showed moderate activity. The starting material(PdCl ), ligand(LH), and the metal complex [Pd(L) ] were screened for in vitro cytotoxic activity by MTT assay against cancerous cell lines (HeLa, MCF-7). Cisplatin was used as the standard drug. The metal complex, [Pd(L) ] was also screened for cytotoxic activity against normal cell line(HEK 293) to determine the selectivity index. The values of S.I(3.70-4.58) indicated that the complex [Pd(L) ] was more sensitive towards cancerous cell lines than normal cell line and may be studied further to assess its potential as cytotoxic agent.
Public space and 15-minute city
Creators: name: Bocca, Antonio
Publisher: name: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment
Year: 2021

description: The global Covid-19 pandemic has changed individuals, uses and perceptions of spaces and cities. The current debate in Urban Planning is animated by the themes of proximity, public space and accessibility to essential urban functions. The functioning of the contemporary city has definitely exploded, showing its shortcomings and underlining the need to interpret it as a fragmentable and self-sufficient entity in case of emergency. The new urban models and approaches adopted seek to respond to this by reallocating essential urban functions and eco-systemic connections so that the urban and peri-urban cooperate to initiate a process of socio-economic development. The idea of a multi-polar system marked by the metric of time of use is pursued. The centrality evolves from the geographical concept to the directional one, becoming infrastructural and cognitive to increase the liveability of the urban space. The aim of the paper is to evaluate how urban transformations, through the analysis of best practices and scientific literature, can be elements in support of the proximity city and how transformative placemaking can be part of the strategy.
description: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, Vol 14 No 3 (2021): The city challenges and external agents. Methods, tools and best practices
Genetically targetable and color-switching fluorescent probe.
Creators: name: Yushchenko, Dmytro A.
name: Zhang, Ming
name: Yan, Qi
name: Waggoner, Alan
name: Bruchez, Marcel
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Color bind: We have developed a probe TMR-para-MG that switches its fluorescence emission upon binding to a fluorogen-activating protein (FAP). In cells that express FAP, this dye labels target sites in one color and mitochondria in another color, thus it might be a suitable tool for monitoring changes in mitochondrial membrane potential.
Bioanalytical method development and Validation for determination of efonidipine hydrochloride ethanolate in rat plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography: applications for pharmacokinetic study
Creators: name: Bharati, Swati
name: Gaikwad, Vinod
name: Chellampillai, Bothiraja
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biochemistry
Space Science
Molecular Biology
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Efonidipine hydrochloride ethanolate (EFE), a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker, is used for the treatment of hypertension. To find the EFE in pre-clinical samples (rat plasma), an HPLC method was devised for the current experiment. The biological samples were prepared using the methanolic extraction procedure to eliminate solvent effects. Using a C18 column, a pH-adjusted mobile phase of methanol and water (90:10, v/v) at a flow rate of 1 mL/min, and UV detection at 252 nm were utilized for chromatographic separation. The retention time of EFE was found to be 5.2 min. The developed bioanalytical method was validated with different validation parameters. The validation parameter results are within the acceptable range of the International Council for Harmonization guidelines. The method was successfully employed to evaluate the pharmacokinetic properties in Wistar albino rats following a single oral administration of 10 mg/kg of EFE. Therefore, the simple method would make it possible to detect EFE quickly and affordably from biological material.
Subwavelength line imaging using plasmonic waveguides
Creators: name: Podoliak, Nina
name: Horak, Peter
name: Prangsma, Jord C.
name: Pinkse, Pepijn W. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the subwavelength imaging capacity of a two-dimensional fanned-out plasmonic waveguide array, formed by air channels surrounded by gold metal layers for operation at near-infrared wavelengths, via finite element simulations. High resolution is achieved on one side of the device by tapering down the channel width while simultaneously maintaining propagation losses of a few dB. On the other, low-resolution side, output couplers are designed to optimize coupling to free space and to minimize channel cross talk via surface plasmons. Point sources separated by λ/15 can still be clearly distinguished. Moreover, up two 90% of the power of a point dipole is coupled to the device. Applications are high-resolution linear detector arrays and, by operating the device in reverse, high-resolution optical writing.
Genomic imprinting absent in Drosophila melanogaster adult females.
Creators: name: Coolon, Joseph D.
name: Stevenson, Kraig R.
name: Mcmanus, Charles
name: Graveley, Brenton R.
name: Wittkopp, Patricia J.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Genomic imprinting occurs when expression of an allele differs based on the sex of the parent that transmitted the allele. In D. melanogaster, imprinting can occur, but its impact on allelic expression genome-wide is unclear. Here, we search for imprinted genes in D. melanogaster using RNA-seq to compare allele-specific expression between pools of 7- to 10-day-old adult female progeny from reciprocal crosses. We identified 119 genes with allelic expression consistent with imprinting, and these genes showed significant clustering within the genome. Surprisingly, additional analysis of several of these genes showed that either genomic heterogeneity or high levels of intrinsic noise caused imprinting-like allelic expression. Consequently, our data provide no convincing evidence of imprinting for D. melanogaster genes in their native genomic context. Elucidating sources of false-positive signals for imprinting in allele-specific RNA-seq data, as done here, is critical given the growing popularity of this method for identifying imprinted genes.
Asymptotic structure of free product von Neumann algebras
Creators: name: Houdayer, Cyril
name: Ueda, Yoshimichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L10, 46L54, 46L36

description: Let $(M, φ) = (M_1, φ_1) \ast (M_2, φ_2)$ be the free product of any $σ$-finite von Neumann algebras endowed with any faithful normal states. We show that whenever $Q \subset M$ is a von Neumann subalgebra with separable predual such that both $Q$ and $Q \cap M_1$ are the ranges of faithful normal conditional expectations and such that both the intersection $Q \cap M_1$ and the central sequence algebra $Q' \cap M^ω$ are diffuse (e.g. $Q$ is amenable), then $Q$ must sit inside $M_1$. This result generalizes the previous results of the first named author in [Ho14] and moreover completely settles the questions of maximal amenability and maximal property Gamma of the inclusion $M_1 \subset M$ in arbitrary free product von Neumann algebras.
description: 26 pages. v3: final version
Intrusion Detection Systems Using Support Vector Machines on the KDDCUP'99 and NSL-KDD Datasets: A Comprehensive Survey
Creators: name: Ngueajio, Mikel K.
name: Washington, Gloria
name: Rawat, Danda B.
name: Ngueabou, Yolande
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the growing rates of cyber-attacks and cyber espionage, the need for better and more powerful intrusion detection systems (IDS) is even more warranted nowadays. The basic task of an IDS is to act as the first line of defense, in detecting attacks on the internet. As intrusion tactics from intruders become more sophisticated and difficult to detect, researchers have started to apply novel Machine Learning (ML) techniques to effectively detect intruders and hence preserve internet users' information and overall trust in the entire internet network security. Over the last decade, there has been an explosion of research on intrusion detection techniques based on ML and Deep Learning (DL) architectures on various cyber security-based datasets such as the DARPA, KDDCUP'99, NSL-KDD, CAIDA, CTU-13, UNSW-NB15. In this research, we review contemporary literature and provide a comprehensive survey of different types of intrusion detection technique that applies Support Vector Machines (SVMs) algorithms as a classifier. We focus only on studies that have been evaluated on the two most widely used datasets in cybersecurity namely: the KDDCUP'99 and the NSL-KDD datasets. We provide a summary of each method, identifying the role of the SVMs classifier, and all other algorithms involved in the studies. Furthermore, we present a critical review of each method, in tabular form, highlighting the performance measures, strengths, and limitations of each of the methods surveyed.
Investigating the side-effects and consequences of the formation of second homes in Alamut rural areas, Central Alborz of Iran
Creators: name: Kheyroddin, Reza
name: Momeni, Sepideh
name: Palouj, Mojtaba
name: Daneshpour, Abdolhadi
Publisher: name: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment
Year: 2021

description: Rural out-migration is one of the most critical issues in all countries. This flow increases the rural decline, and in many cases, causes rural abandonment. But against our imaginations, there is also a reverse flow from cities to villages. In the Alamut region in central Alborz of Iran, some villages attract populations by the reverse migration flow. This temporary flow forms a new type of housing in the rural areas called “second home”. The analysis of second home appearance is the main issue in this article. We used surveys method from locals and field observation in eight villages of the eastern Alamut area. The QSPM (Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix) matrix is used for analyzing observation and side-effects of second homes in the short-term and long-term. The result showed that second homes in these rural areas have different side-effects. Low skill employment creation, temporary increase of local consumers, rural re-novation cost, and second home owner’s participation in agriculture activities are the positive effects. But there are also some negative impacts like; seasonal and low-income jobs, destructive impacts on the environment, erosion of natural resources, and increasing demographic instability. This phenomenon has positive impacts in the short-term and negative consequences in the long-term. The approaches for decreasing the expansion of second holiday home and using the positive implications of this phenomenon for developing the rural areas would be explained in this paper.
description: TeMA - Journal of Land Use, Mobility and Environment, Vol 14 No 3 (2021): The city challenges and external agents. Methods, tools and best practices
Modelling the water and carbon dioxide production rates of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko
Creators: name: Davidsson, Björn J. R.
name: Samarasinha, Nalin H.
name: Farnocchia, Davide
name: Gutiérrez, Pedro J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The European Space Agency Rosetta/Philae mission to Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko in 2014-2016 is the most complete and diverse investigation of a comet carried out thus far. Yet, many physical and chemical properties of the comet remain uncertain or unknown, and cometary activity is still not a well-understood phenomenon. We here attempt to place constraints on the nucleus abundances and sublimation front depths of H2O and CO2 ice, and to reconstruct how the nucleus evolved throughout the perihelion passage. We employ the thermophysical modelling code 'Numerical Icy Minor Body evolUtion Simulator', or NIMBUS, to search for conditions under which the observed H2O and CO2 production rates are simultaneously reproduced before and after perihelion. We find that the refractories to water-ice mass ratio of relatively pristine nucleus material is mu~1, that airfall material has mu~2, and that the molar abundance of CO2 relative H2O near 30 per cent. The dust mantle thickness is typically < 2 cm. The average CO2 sublimation front depths near aphelion were ~3.8 m and ~1.9 m on the northern and southern hemispheres, respectively, but varied substantially with time. We propose that airfall material is subjected to substantial fragmentation and pulverisation due to thermal fatigue during the aphelion passage. Sub-surface compaction of material due to CO2 activity near perihelion seems to have reduced the diffusivity in a measurable way.
description: 22 pages, 19 figures. This is a pre--copyedited, author--produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in MNRAS following peer review
Immobilization of aprotinin to fibrinogen as a novel method for controlling degradation of fibrin gels.
Creators: name: Smith, Jason
name: Chen, Andrew
name: Ernst, Lauren A.
name: Waggoner, Alan
name: Campbell, Phil G.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The goal of this work was to demonstrate that aprotinin conjugated to fibrinogen could (1) maintain its function and (2) control fibrin degradation. Using the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay, we found that blood vessels did not directly invade fibrin constructs containing immobilized fibroblast growth factor-2. Because the fibrin quickly degraded within approximately 5 days, we hypothesized that controlling fibrinolysis may improve direct blood vessel invasion. Aprotinin, a protease inhibitor typically added to slow fibrinolysis, is a small protein and can diffuse out of the gel resulting in the loss of fibrinolysis protection. Therefore, using a novel synthesis strategy, aprotinin and a fluorescent reporter, Cy3, were chemically conjugated to fibrinogen. In vitro microplate absorbance assays showed that the conjugated aprotinin was able to inhibit plasmin-mediated fibrin degradation and that its activity was comparable to equimolar levels of soluble, nonconjugated aprotinin. Additionally, we found that fibrinolysis rates could be tuned by varying the level of conjugated aprotinin within the gel. The conjugated aprotinin also demonstrated functionality in vivo. In the chick CAM assay, fibrin gels containing conjugated aprotinin were approximately 5 times larger than gels containing soluble aprotinin after 4 days. Also, in support of our hypothesis, we found that immobilized aprotinin within fibrin gels demonstrated substantial blood vessel invasion.