cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Manifolds whose Weyl spectral asymptotics have small but not tiny remainders
Creators: name: Taylor, Michael
Publisher: name: European Mathematical Society - EMS - Publishing House
Year: 2024

description: A compact, n-dimensional Riemannian manifold M has Weyl spectral asymptotics
with remainder EM (R); i.e., the spectral counting function satisfies N (ΔM, R) =  C(M)Rn + EM (R), with EM .(R) = o(Rn). Generally, one actually has EM (R) = O(Rn-1), and one
seeks geometrical conditions under which stronger estimates hold on the remainder and also
conditions limiting how extra small the remainder can be. Here, we produce n-dimensional
manifolds whose Weyl remainders are o(Rn-1) but not O(Rn-1-α) for any α > 0
MOESM9 of Transcriptome analysis of phosphorus stress responsiveness in the seedlings of Dongxiang wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.)
Creators: name: Deng, Qian-Wen
name: Luo, Xiang-Dong
name: Chen, Ya-Ling
name: Zhou, Yi
name: Zhang, Fan-Tao
name: Hu, Biao-Lin
name: Xie, Jian-Kun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 9: Table S8. List of down-regulated genes in the LLP vs. LCK but up-regulated in the RLP vs. RCK.
Quantum Differential and Difference Equations for Hilbn(C2)
Creators: name: Smirnov, Andrey
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2024

description: We consider the quantum difference equation of the Hilbert scheme of points in C2. This equation is the K-theoretic generalization of the quantum differential equation discovered by A. Okounkov and R. Pandharipande in [27]. We obtain two explicit descriptions for the monodromy of these equations - representation-theoretic and algebro-geometric. In the representation-theoretic description, the monodromy acts via certain explicit elements in the quantum toroidal algebra . In the algebro-geometric description, the monodromy features as transition matrices between the stable envelope bases in equivariant K-theory and elliptic cohomology. Using the second approach we identify the monodromy matrices for the differential equation with the K-theoretic R-matrices of cyclic quiver varieties, which appear as subvarieties in the 3D-mirror Hilbert scheme. Most of the results in the paper are illustrated by explicit examples for cases n=2 and n=3 in the Appendix.
Discourse and Network Analysis of Iran Expertise in the U.S.
Creators: name: Esfandiary, Esmaeil
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: There have been many studies on media (mis)representations of the Middle East and Iran. However, the experts and analysts who serve as major sources for those representations (and for government policy making) have not been systematically studied. This project studies discourses and networks of widely published Iran experts during the first year of the presidency of Iran?s Hassan Rouhani (2013-2014), the period during which unprecedented direct U.S.-Iran diplomacy paved the way for the historic nuclear agreement with Iran. Norman Fairclough?s three dimensional critical discourse analysis method and Peter Haas?s Epistemic Community approach are employed to study discursive as well as non-discursive (networked) characteristics of the most widely published U.S. Iran experts during this time period. Results identify five major epistemic communities that, altogether, represent the spectrum of U.S. Iran experts: neoconservatism, liberal interventionism, containment (tactical engagement), strategic engagement, and rapprochement. These five epistemic communities are described in detail throughout the five results chapters. Findings show that these experts influence the terms of media representations as well as the foreign policy making process. Findings also show that experts operate in a web of discursive as well as networked affiliations (i.e., epistemic communities) in order to be able to develop and circulate their discourses. It is however important to recognize that epistemic communities are not uniform in terms of formation stage, cohesion and level.
Unfinished Designs: Petrarch, Pliny, and the Aesthetics of Rupture
Creators: name: Hannesson, Kristján
Publisher: name: Duke University Press
Year: 2024

description: Scholars have related Petrarch's reflections on fragments and ancient ruins to his poetics and to his evolving sense of self. He expresses fears that his texts might become fragmented in the hands of posterity, and he would rather burn them than show them to the public in an unfinished state. Scholars have routinely noted his thought, derived from Saint Augustine, that the intentional fragment is spiritually and morally problematic. However, this article argues that a close look at Petrarch's writing practices reveals different priorities that run counter to his overtly stated values. He routinely introduces elements such as erasures, marginalia, and lacunae into his manuscripts, staging ruptures in the writing process that perpetually forestall the completion of the texts. This article challenges conventional understandings of Petrarch's poetics and self-conception by demonstrating how his actual writing practices subvert his professed beliefs about the dangers of fragmentation and incompleteness.
Matriz de rastreabilidade com os resultados dos requisitos de segurança e privacidade PEC e-SUS
Creators: name: Tertulino, Rodrigo
Publisher: name: Autor
Year: 2024
Subjects: Registro Eletrônico de Saúde
Privacidade
Segurança
e-SUS PEC APS

description: Matriz de rastreabilidade com os resultados dos requisitos de segurança e privacidade PEC e-SUS
Code and Perish? Aspects of the WIAS software concept
Creators: name: Thiele, Jan Philipp
name: Fuhrmann, Jürgen
name: Schmidt, Burkhard
name: Polla, Silvia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: First part of a Workshop on `Code and Perish?!' held during the Leibniz MMS Days 2024.
Quantifying the benefit of whole blood on mortality in trauma patients requiring emergent laparotomy.
Creators: name: Eckert, Matthew
name: Baird, Emily
name: Hashmi, Zain
name: Hurst, Stuart
name: Betzold, Richard
name: Lammers, Daniel
name: McClellan, John
name: Holcomb, John B
name: Hu, Parker
name: Bingham, Jason
name: Jansen, Jan O
name: Kerby, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: Wolters Kluwer
Year: 2024

description: BACKGROUND: Whole blood (WB) transfusions in trauma represent an increasingly utilized resuscitation strategy in trauma patients. Previous reports suggest a probable mortality benefit with incorporating WB into massive transfusion protocols. However, questions surrounding optimal WB practices persist. We sought to assess the association between the proportion of WB transfused during the initial resuscitative period and its impact on early mortality outcomes for traumatically injured patients.
METHODS: We performed a retrospective analysis of severely injured patients requiring emergent laparotomy and ≥ 3 units of red blood cell containing products (WB or packed red blood cells) within the first hour from an ACS Level 1 Trauma Center (2019-2022). Patients were evaluated based on the proportion of WB they received compared to packed red blood cells during their initial resuscitation (high ratio cohort ≥50% WB vs low ratio cohort <50% WB). Multilevel Bayesian regression analyses were performed to calculate the posterior probabilities and risk ratios (RR) associated with a WB predominant resuscitation for early mortality outcomes.
RESULTS: 266 patients were analyzed (81% male, mean age of 36 years old, 61% penetrating injury, mean ISS of 30). The mortality was 11% at 4-hours and 14% at 24-hours. The high ratio cohort demonstrated a 99% (RR 0.12; 95% CrI 0.02-0.53) and 99% (RR 0.22; 95% CrI 0.08-0.65) probability of decreased mortality at 4-hours and 24-hours, respectively, compared the low ratio cohort. There was a 94% and 88% probability of at least a 50% mortality relative risk reduction associated with the WB predominate strategy at 4 hours and 24 hours, respectively.
CONCLUSION: Preferential transfusion of WB during the initial resuscitation demonstrated a 99% probability of being superior to component predominant resuscitations with regards to 4 and 24-hour mortality suggesting that WB predominant resuscitations may be superior for improving early mortality. Prospective, randomized trials should be sought.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic, Level III.
Love, Touch and the Documentary Project
Creators: name: Ahnert, Laurel
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2017

description: Taking a film-philosophy approach, this project introduces Jean-Luc Nancy?s post-phenomenology to documentary studies in order to interrogate the ethical relationship that exists between filmmakers, filmed subjects and viewers in a variety of contemporary global documentaries. Adopting Nancy?s dialectics of touch, which reconfigures touch as ?contact-in-withdrawal,? this project argues documentary aesthetics render visible a non-appropriative connection between the viewer?s body and bodies on screen. It takes seriously Nancy?s view that the ontology of being is always that of being-with, a model of thought that can be seen in many recent documentaries that are fundamentally and critically engaged in moments of encounter between self and other. It further argues that love is a particular manifestation of touch, one based on a recognition of the mediating space between subjects that both separates and connects us as limited, embodied beings. Starting from the premise that the moving image marks this threshold or the ?space between? subjects, the documentaries featured in this project in some way or another open up a space for the ethics of touch through their various formal techniques, including haptic imagery, uses of voice and sound, and the temporality and rhythms of editing and shot duration.
Effects of Exercise Interventions on Estimated Pulse Wave Velocity and Mean Arterial Pressure in Overweight Adults: The Role of Modality
Creators: name: Jung, Hyun Chul
name: Alansare, Abdullah B.
name: Alotaibi, Rawan T.
name: Stoner, Lee
name: Alqutami, Ali
name: Alablani, Maha F.
name: Alghanim, Sara
Publisher: name: IMR Press
Year: 2024

description: Background: Estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV) is mathematically calculated from age and mean arterial pressure (MAP). We examined the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) vs. moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on ePWV and MAP in insufficiently active overweight adults.
Methods: Using the randomized controlled trial design, thirteen males (27.46 ± 3.80 years old; body mass index (BMI) = 29.61 ± 5.52) randomly completed either two-week HIIT (n = 7) or MICT (n = 6). HIIT consisted of 8 sessions of cycling, 20 min/session with an exercise-to-rest ratio of 10/50 s at ≥ 90% peak heart rate (HR peak). MICT consisted of 8 cycling sessions, 40 min/session at 60-75% HR peak. Oscillometric brachial MAP was measured pre- and post-intervention, and ePWV was calculated. Two-way repeated measure analysis of variance examined the effects of time, intervention, and their interactions on ePWV and MAP.
Results: Significant time effects were observed for ePWV and MAP, where both measures comparably decreased over time in HIIT and MICT groups (p< 0.05 for all). However, no significant intervention or interaction effects were detected, indicating no superiority of either exercise modality for ePWV or MAP improvements.
Conclusions: This study uniquely revealed that two weeks of HIIT or MICT resulted in significant, comparable, and clinically meaningful decreases in ePWV and MAP among insufficiently active overweight adults. As such, overweight adults who have time as a constraint to engage in traditional exercise (i.e., MICT) can accomplish comparable vascular benefits by performing HIIT.
Beyond the Scripted Presidency: Heckling's Affective Ripples
Creators: name: Ortega Ribeiro, Milene
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2018

description: This project examines the heckling of American presidents, using the Obama presidency as a representative case study, to understand the mechanisms in place when presidential rhetoric goes beyond carefully scripted messages. After conducting a multimodal rhetorical analysis of forty heckling cases during the Obama presidency, I test my findings from Obama?s presidency against that of Donald Trump?s. Through this comparative analysis I propose a theory of affective ripples in heckling, which argues that the struggle between civic engagement, enactments of presidential authority, and the audience?s affective state mimics the dynamics of the ripple effect phenomenon in physics. The rhetorical weight of heckling produces ripples that represent the struggle between three forces: the ?mass? and ?shape? configuring the intensity of heckling, the viscosity of presidential authority as liquid, and affect as gravity. Presidential responses to hecklers are significant because (1) they are representative of how political resistance is negotiated in democratic settings; (2) they reveal the different ways that presidents enact authority in challenging times; (3) unscripted presidential responses reveal a personal hierarchy of values influenced by affective dynamics responsive to pressures of space and time; (4) presidential responses to heckling can be understood synecdochally as a symbolic representation of a president?s understanding of civility, which, in turn, teaches us about the state of democracy in the country. Conceptualizing heckling as a mode of civic engagement, I argue that presidential responses to hecklers reveal the state of tolerance towards dissent during a presidency, which is emblematic of the state of democracy.
Molecular hybridization-guided one-pot multicomponent synthesis of chromanone-fused 3,3′-pyrrolidinyl-dispirooxindoles through a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction
Creators: name: Gong, Yi
name: Wang, Guan-Lian
name: Wei, Qi-Di
name: Chen, Lin
name: Liu, Xiong-Li
name: Tian, Min-Yi
name: Yang, Jun
name: Feng, Ting-Ting
name: Zhou, Ying
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: A new methodology was developed for the synthesis of 3,3′-pyrrolidinyl-dispirooxindoles 3 through a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition event of isatylidenyl-chromanones 2 with azomethine ylides (thermally generated in situ from isatins and sarcosine). The method gives an easy access to a series of highly functionalized products containing three consecutive stereocenters and vicinal spiroquaternary stereocenters fused in one ring structure with 15 examples in high yields (up to 82% yield) and good diastereoselectivity (up to >20:1), which makes possible the synthesis of libraries under similar circumstances. Moreover, the current method provides a convenient approach for the efficient incorporation of two biologically important scaffolds (chromanone and 3,3′-pyrrolidinyl-dispirooxindoles). X-ray diffraction studies of one of the cycloadducts proved the structure and regiochemistry of the cycloaddition. In particular, their biological activity against human leukemia cells K562 and normal L929 cells has been evaluated. These results suggested that 3,3′-pyrrolidinyl-dispirooxindoles 3 may be potential leads for further biological screenings.
Empowering Surgeons to Help Increase Value in Health Care Requires Better Data
Creators: name: Greenberg, Caprice C.
name: Gallaher, Jared
name: Adams, Ursula
Publisher: name: American Medical Association (AMA)
Year: 2024

description: Surgery accounts for approximately 29% of health care expenditures
in the United States, and the largest contributors
to surgical expenditure are operating room and length-of-stay
costs.
Selective regulation of p38beta signalling by integrin-linked kinase mediates bladder cancer cell migration
Creators: name: Yu, Liang
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Integrin linked kinase (ILK) is an essential transducer of integrin and growth factor signals, and its protein levels and activity are often elevated in solid tumours. ILK physically links integrins and receptor tyrosine kinases to the actin cytoskeleton, and genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of ILK activity blocks cell migration, making it an attractive target for development of anti-cancer therapeutics. Many of the functions of ILK rely on its protein adaptor role to regulate various oncogenic signals. In this study I found a striking positive correlation between levels of ILK and the p38beta isoform in bladder cancer tissues and cells. I show that ILK and p38beta promote migration of bladder cancer cells, and demonstrate selective formation of a cytoplasmic complex with ILK in these cells, which acts to stabilize p38beta protein levels. Interestingly, the ILK/p38beta complex appears to act downstream of Rac1, and regulates phosphorylation of the heat shock protein Hsp27, which has been associated with actin remodeling, cell migration and metastasis. Our data identify a novel ILK-p38beta signalling axis that regulates motility in bladder cancer cells, with potential for therapeutic targeting. Chapter 1 of this thesis details the clinical development and progression of bladder carcinoma together with the current experimental models available in our lab to study the advanced stage of this disease. In this chapter there is a particular focus on dysregulation of ILK signalling in various human cancers. The role of p38 MAPK signalling in human cancer and discussion of studies linking these two kinases is also introduced in this chapter. Chapter 2 describes general experimental methods; specialized methods are provided in the relevant chapters. Chapter 3 presents and discusses the expression pattern of ILK in tissue microarray of human bladder cancer samples and a panel of bladder cancer cell lines. Chapter 4, using specific siRNA, investigates the role of ILK in TSU-Pr1, the highly migratory bladder cancer cell line in vitro. In chapter 5, I demonstrate that the predominant p38 isoform p38betaplays an important role in bladder cancer cell migration. These findings, together with previous studies, show that ILK acts upstream of p38beta to control cell migration via regulation of cytoskeleton remodeling. Based on the results described in chapters 3-5, chapter 6 focuses on defining the mechanism by which ILK mediates p38beta expression and signalling during bladder cancer cell migration. Finally, general conclusions and future directions are discussed in chapter 7.
title: Editoriale
title: Storia della costruzione e tutela del patrimonio architettonico
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Grimoldi, Alberto
Publisher: name: Classiques Garnier
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Histoire
subject: Construction
subject: Archéologie
subject: Sciences naturelles
subject: Patrimoine
subject: Source matérielle
subject: Sauvegarde
subject: Formation
subject: History
subject: Construction
subject: Archaeology
subject: Natural sciences
subject: FOS: Natural sciences
subject: Heritage
subject: Material source
subject: Preservation
subject: Training

description: L’histoire de la construction n’est pas la dernière des disciplines académiques, mais un thème autour duquel s’agrègent les sciences historiques et archéologiques et les sciences naturelles. Le patrimoine est l’ensemble de ses sources matérielles, elle rassemble donc aussi les savoirs de la sauvegarde. Celle-ci, et la formations de ses opérateurs, exploitent-elles pleinement les connaissances et la conscience de l’héritage culturel que le milieu de l’histoire de la construction a développé ?
description: Construction history is not the most recent academic discipline, but a theme around which both the historical and archaeological sciences and the natural sciences converge. Cultural heritage gathers all its material sources and the knowledge of its preservation. Do all this and the training of its operators fully exploit the knowledge and awareness of the cultural heritage that construction history has developed?
Bioinspired thymine functionalized polymeric systems: from synthesis to nano applications
Creators: name: Kaur, Gagan Deep
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Nature is an abundant source of elegant examples of synthesis of materials, and as in many other areas of science, polymer chemists have been drawing on bioinspiration to create sophisticated functional materials. Thymine, one of the nucleic bases in DNA, is well known for its ability to form relatively strong hydrogen bonds as well as its propensity to undergo reversible photo-dimerization upon UV exposure. The focus of this thesis is to develop a bioinspired thymine functionalized polymeric system based on hydrogen bonding and photo-crosslinking of thymine with potential nano applications such as in drug delivery and nanopatterned polymer films. In this research, thymine functionalized block copolymers were synthesized using controlled living radical polymerization. The block copolymers were used to prepare a stability enhanced core bound polymeric micelle system based on hydrogen bonding and photo-crosslinking of thymine. The stability of polymeric micelles was investigated in detail using various characterization techniques such UV-Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering. Further to this, the chemical loading and release potential of polymeric micelles was investigated using suitable drugs (6-mercaptopurine and 6-thioguanine). The results demonstrated that hydrogen bonding of thymine plays an important role in the stability of micelles and can be exploited for chemical loading and release of encapsulated materials. Furthermore, it was found that photo-crosslinking can be used as a tool to tune the stability of polymeric micelles, and hence to control the release of encapsulated materials. The photo-crosslinking of thymine was also exploited to develop reversible polymers and crosslinked nanogels. Overall, these studies demonstrated the scope and versatility of incorporation of thymine in polymers in order to develop functional materials for various applications such as drug delivery systems, nanopatterned films, reversible polymers and nanogels.
Protecting Proteins from Desiccation Stress Using Molecular Glasses and Gels
Creators: name: Hutcheson, Brent O.
name: Harries, Daniel
name: Pielak, Gary J.
name: Olgenblum, Gil I.
Publisher: name: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Year: 2024

description: Faced with desiccation stress, many organisms deploy strategies to maintain the integrity of their cellular components. Amorphous glassy media composed of small molecular solutes or protein gels present general strategies for protecting against drying. We review these strategies and the proposed molecular mechanisms to explain protein protection in a vitreous matrix under conditions of low hydration. We also describe efforts to exploit similar strategies in technological applications for protecting proteins in dry or highly desiccated states. Finally, we outline open questions and possibilities for future explorations.
The Inequality Cycle: How Psychology Helps Keep Economic Inequality in Place
Creators: name: Galvan, Manuel J.
name: Payne, B. Keith
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications
Year: 2024

description: Inequality is perpetuated, in part, by the psychological and behavioral tendencies that arise from the social context of inequality. Cognitive biases lead most people to see themselves as middle class, even when that perception does not align with economic reality. Those who perceive themselves as economically advantaged tend to view inequality as fair and legitimate, often dismissing proponents of redistributive solutions as ill-informed. And unequal contexts increase risky behaviors that can be profitable to some but are more likely to be costly for most. This research program suggests an inequality cycle, in which inequality experienced today tends to reproduce itself.
Extended interacting boson model with configuration mixing description for Mo98
Creators: name: Dai, Lianrong
name: Draayer, Jerry P.
name: Kekejian, David
name: Pan, Feng
Publisher: name: American Physical Society (APS)
Year: 2024

description: An extended version of the interacting boson model (IBM), encompassing two-particle–two-hole (2p-2h) excitations originating from below a valence shell and one-particle–one-hole (1p-1h) excitations extending to the upper next-nearest major shell, is developed to investigate cross-shell excitation effects in the transitional nucleus Mo98. This extended IBM framework is utilized to reproduce experimentally observed properties such as low-lying positive-parity level energies, B(E2) values, and the electric quadrupole moment of the 21+ state, ρ2(E0,02+→0g+), as well as the strength functions of the isoscalar giant monopole resonance (ISGMR) and the isoscalar giant quadrupole resonance (ISGQR) in Mo98. It is shown that the extended consistent-Q IBM, incorporating configuration mixing of both 2p-2h excitations from below the valence shell and 1p-1h excitations to the upper next-nearest major shell, describes the low-lying structural properties and the ISGMR and ISGQR strength distributions of Mo98 quite well, with the ISGMR and the ISGQR strength distributions comparable to the results of the self-consistent quasiparticle random-phase approximation with Skyrme interactions.
Early Gait Biomechanics Linked to Daily Steps Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.
Creators: name: Buck, Ashley
name: Spang, Jeffrey
name: Thoma, Louise
name: Büttner, Christin
name: Blackburn, Troy
name: Pietrosimone, Brian
name: Lisee, Caroline
name: Bjornsen, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Journal of Athletic Training/NATA
Year: 2024

description: CONTEXT: Gait biomechanics and daily steps are important aspects of knee joint loading that change following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). Understanding their relationship during the first 6 months post-ACLR could help develop comprehensive rehabilitation interventions that promote optimal joint loading following injury, thereby improving long-term knee joint health.
OBJECTIVE: Our primary objective was to compare biomechanical gait waveforms throughout stance at early timepoints post-ACLR in individuals with different daily step behaviors at 6 months post-ACLR. The secondary aim was to examine how these gait waveforms compare to those of uninjured controls.
DESIGN: Case-Control Study.
SETTING: Laboratory.
PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS: Individuals with primary ACLR assigned to a low (LSG) (n=13) or high step group (HSG) (n=19) based on their average daily steps at 6 months post- ACLR, and uninjured matched controls (n=32).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Gait biomechanics were collected at 2, 4, and 6 months post-ACLR in ACLR individuals and at a single session for controls. Knee adduction moment (KAM), knee extension moment (KEM), and knee flexion angle (KFA) waveforms were calculated during gait stance and then compared via functional waveform analyses. Mean differences and corresponding 95% confident intervals between groups were reported.
RESULTS: Primary results demonstrated lesser KFA (1-45%, 79-92% of stance) and greater KEM (65-93% of stance) at 2 months and greater KAM (14-20%, 68-92% of stance) at 4 months post-ACLR for the HSG compared to the LSG. KEM, KAM, and KFA waveforms differed across various proportions of stance at all timepoints between step groups and controls.
CONCLUSION: Differences in gait biomechanics are present at 2 and 4 months post-ACLR between step groups, with the LSG demonstrating an overall more flexed knee and more profound stepwise underloading throughout stance than the HSG. The results indicate a relation between early gait biomechanics and later daily steps behaviors following ACLR.
Sexual Identity Continuity and Change in a U.S. National Probability Sample of Sexual Minority Adults: Associations With Mental Health and Problematic Substance Use
Creators: name: Bishop, Meg D
name: Russell, Stephen T
name: Krueger, Evan A
name: Mallory, Allen B
name: Srivastava, Ankur
Publisher: name: American Psychiatric Association Publishing
Year: 2024

description: OBJECTIVE: Sexual minority disparities in behavioral health (e.g., mental health and substance use) are well-established. However, sexual identity is dynamic, and changes are common across the life course (e.g., identifying with a monosexual [lesbian or gay] label and later with a plurisexual [queer, pansexual, etc.] label). This study assessed whether behavioral health risks coincide with sexual identity change among sexual minority people.
METHODS: Associations in a 3-year U.S. national probability sample of sexual minority adults were assessed between sexual minority identity change (consistently monosexual [N=400; 44.3% weighted], consistently plurisexual [N=239; 46.7% weighted], monosexual to plurisexual [N=19; 4.2% weighted], and plurisexual to monosexual [N=25; 4.8% weighted]) and five behavioral health indicators (psychological distress, social well-being, number of poor mental health days in the past month, problematic alcohol use, and problematic use of other drugs), controlling for demographic characteristics and baseline behavioral health.
RESULTS: Among female participants, monosexual-to-plurisexual identity change (vs. consistently monosexual identity) was associated with greater psychological distress (B=3.41, SE=1.13), lower social well-being (B=-0.61, SE=0.25), and more days of poor mental health in the past month (B=0.69 [Bexp=1.99], SE=0.23). Among male participants, plurisexual-to-monosexual identity change (vs. consistently plurisexual identity) was associated with lower social well-being (B=-0.56, SE=0.25), and identity change (regardless of type) was generally associated with increased problematic use of alcohol and other drugs.
CONCLUSIONS: Sexual identity change is an important consideration for sexual minority behavioral health research, with changes (vs. consistency) in identity being an important risk factor for compromised behavioral health. Prevention and treatment interventions may need to tailor messaging to sexual minority men and women differently.
Structures of chitosan-based adhesive from Environment-friendly wood fibre composite with high bonding strength and water resistance
Creators: name: Ji, Xiaodi
name: Dong, Yue
name: Nguyen, Tat Thang
name: Chen, Xueqi
name: Guo, Minghui
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018

description: Synthesis mechanism and structure of the chitosan-based adhesive
Histone H3K18 & H3K23 acetylation directs establishment of MLL-mediated H3K4 methylation
Creators: name: van der Maas, Lara N
name: Robbins, Nathaniel N
name: Smith, B Rutledge
name: Poncha, Karl F
name: Fox, Geoffrey C
name: Young, Nicolas L
name: Jain, Kanishk
name: Strahl, Brian D
name: Dowen, Jill M
name: Graham, Bria
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2024

description: In an unmodified state, positively charged histone N-terminal tails engage nucleosomal DNA in a manner which restricts access to not only the underlying DNA but also key tail residues subject to binding and/or modification. Charge-neutralizing modifications, such as histone acetylation, serve to disrupt this DNA-tail interaction, facilitating access to such residues. We previously showed that a polyacetylation-mediated chromatin "switch" governs the read-write capability of H3K4me3 by the MLL1 methyltransferase complex. Here, we discern the relative contributions of site-specific acetylation states along the H3 tail and extend our interrogation to other chromatin modifiers. We show that the contributions of H3 tail acetylation to H3K4 methylation by MLL1 are highly variable, with H3K18 and H3K23 acetylation exhibiting robust stimulatory effects and that this extends to the related H3K4 methyltransferase complex, MLL4. We show that H3K4me1 and H3K4me3 are found preferentially co-enriched with H3 N-terminal tail proteoforms bearing dual H3K18 and H3K23 acetylation (H3{K18acK23ac}). We further show that this effect is specific to H3K4 methylation, while methyltransferases targeting other H3 tail residues (H3K9, H3K27, & H3K36), a methyltransferase targeting the nucleosome core (H3K79), and a kinase targeting a residue directly adjacent to H3K4 (H3T3) are insensitive to tail acetylation. Together, these findings indicate a unique and robust stimulation of H3K4 methylation by H3K18 and H3K23 acetylation and provide key insight into why H3K4 methylation is often associated with histone acetylation in the context of active gene expression.
title: Landscape Approaches to Climate Change, Economics and Pandemics – Rethinking Calgary Parks and Open Space Systems
Creators: name: Sandalack, Beverly A.
Publisher: name: Conference Proceedings XXIX International Seminar on Urban Form ISUF 2022 Urban Redevelopment and Revitalisation A Multidisciplinary Perspective/Lodz University of Technology Press
Year: 2023
Subjects: Park systems, Park and open space types, Landscape architecture studio, Combined methods, Interdisciplinary framework.

description: Parks and open spaces are planned and designed to respond to the needs, issues and demographics of their time, but may not be the ‘right’ spaces or systems to address new populations or concerns. The City of Calgary’s Climate Resilience Strategy focuses on reducing greenhouse gas emissions and taking actions to mitigate the impact of extreme weather events. It is quiet on the subject of parks and open space systems and the potential of the landscape to help in addressing climate change. An approach is proposed that could bring together the languages and methods of landscape ecology, urban morphology and urban design. A landscape architecture studio took on this topic and the approach, with the study area consisting of one quadrant of Calgary that was developed in the 1950s–1980s. The methods included mapping and analysis (historic evolution, natural environment, urban structure, socio-demographics and the public realm) and synthesizing them in order to identify issues and formulate proposals. New spatial organizations and morphologies along with better ways of planning and designing landscape systems could help address issues of climate change and lead to the development of a more responsive public realm. This approach could also help to re-frame the city image.
Bidirectional Associations Between Online and Offline Appearance Concerns During Early-to-Middle Adolescence
Creators: name: Choukas-Bradley, Sophia
name: Burnell, Kaitlyn
name: Maheux, Anne J.
Publisher: name: American Psychological Association (APA)
Year: 2024

description: During early and middle adolescence, individuals are at heightened risk of poor body image and subsequent negative mental health outcomes, and the highly visual nature of social media may play a role in this process. It remains unclear, however, if appearance preoccupation on social media-such as appearance-related social media consciousness (ASMC)-influences offline body image, or if preexisting body image concerns influence online appearance preoccupation. The present study investigated between-person differences and potential bidirectional within-person associations in these experiences among eighth grade adolescents in the United States (n = 1,582; ages 11-15 years old; M age = 13; 47.5% girls, 45.9% boys, 6.5% another gender identity; 37% Latine, 32% White, 18% Black, 7% Asian, 6% another racial/ethnic identity). Participants completed a longitudinal study over three waves within one academic year. Results indicated that within-person increases in ASMC preceded within-person increases in appearance-contingent self-worth and were bidirectionally associated with worse appearance esteem, with no differences in these associations by gender. Among girls only, self-objectification was associated with subsequent within-person increases in ASMC, but not vice versa. Findings indicate that online appearance preoccupation may influence and be reinforced by general body image concerns.
Helping High-Achieving, Low-Income, Black Students Gain Admission Into America’s Elite Colleges: Considerations for School Counselors
Creators: name: Cholewa, Blaire
name: Williams, Joseph M.
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications
Year: 2024

description: The recent decision by the United States Supreme Court to limit affirmative action in college admissions could make it even more challenging for academically talented students of color to gain access to competitive schools. The importance of school counselors in guiding and supporting these students is now more crucial than ever. This qualitative study aimed to determine what school counselors need to know, do, and believe to help academically talented, Black students from low-income households gain admission into highly selective colleges and universities. Three broad themes and 10 subthemes emerged from the data analysis. The themes were (a) knowledge and awareness, (b) mindsets and beliefs, and (c) habits and practices. Implications for school counselor practice, training, and research are discussed.
Donate to help us fight back: Political fundraising and toxic rhetoric online
Creators: name: Brew, Brian
name: Kim, Seo-young Silvia
name: Zilinsky, Jan
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications
Year: 2024

description: Political candidates utilize social media to mobilize supporters, persuade voters, and raise money. However, little is known about the structure of mass electoral appeals when donors are the primary target instead of voters. Because candidates’ donors and voters can differ significantly, with donors more partisan and ideologically extreme on average, we theorize that candidates use strategic rhetoric tailored to specific audiences. To analyze how campaigns perceive and target their “financial electorate,” we leverage data from the Facebook Ad Library for 2020 U.S. congressional candidates and distinguish political ads by their persuasion targets. Using text analysis, we test the hypotheses that donor-targeting messages are more toxic, negative, and likely to reference a polarizing president than voter-targeting messages. The results support our hypotheses, and Republican candidates, on average, used more toxic language than their Democratic counterparts. As campaigns’ scramble for donations intensifies, these characteristics of fundraising appeals may further polarize the electorate.
Interrogating whiteness: Critical reflections on occupational science scholarship and social responsibility
Creators: name: Johnson, Khalilah R.
name: Parkin, Rebecca A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024

description: This paper interrogates the obscurity of whiteness and white supremacy as a system of thought and white racialization as a social process influencing habits of inquiry in occupational science research. By attending to the relationships between whiteness, white supremacy, and occupation, occupational science scholars can critically engage in research that dismantles harmful societal understandings of occupation within their science and in society-at-large. This social responsibility further requires occupational science scholars to initiate anti-racist research and scholarship that actively seeks undoing normalized structural racism by taking up critical theories authored by theorists of Color. Doing so offers alternate ways of conceptualizing human doing, thinking, being, knowing, becoming, and belonging pertinent to people across racialized identities. Critical epistemologies and research approaches, such as critical participatory action research, hold potential for the discipline to ethically produce anti-racist research applicable to diverse populations. However, whiteness must be attended to and deconstructed throughout research processes.
Unique immune profiles in collaborative cross mice linked to survival and viral clearance upon infection
Creators: name: Leist, Sarah R.
name: Farrington, Joe
name: Bell, Timothy A.
name: de Villena, Fernando Pardo-Manuel
name: Graham, Jessica B.
name: Hock, Pablo
name: Ferris, Martin T.
name: Baric, Ralph S.
name: Swarts, Jessica L.
name: Schäfer, Alexandra
name: Shaw, Ginger D.
name: Lund, Jennifer M.
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2024

description: The response to infection is generally heterogeneous and diverse, with some individuals remaining asymptomatic while others present with severe disease or a diverse range of symptoms. Here, we address the role of host genetics on immune phenotypes and clinical outcomes following viral infection by studying genetically diverse mice from the Collaborative Cross (CC), allowing for use of a small animal model with controlled genetic diversity while maintaining genetic replicates. We demonstrate variation by deeply profiling a broad range of innate and adaptive immune cell phenotypes at steady-state in 63 genetically distinct CC mouse strains and link baseline immune signatures with virologic and clinical disease outcomes following infection of mice with herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This work serves as a resource for CC strain selection based on steady-state immune phenotypes or disease presentation upon viral infection, and further, points to possible pre-infection immune correlates of survival and early viral clearance upon infection.
Viral-vectored boosting of OmcB or CPAF-specific T cell responses fail to enhance protection from Chlamydia muridarum in infection immune mice and elicits a non-protective CD8-dominant response in naïve mice
Creators: name: Girardi, Jenna
name: Darville, Toni
name: Trim, Logan K
name: Poston, Taylor B
name: Yount, Kacy S
name: Polson, A Grace
name: Harris, Jonathan M
name: O'Connell, Catherine M
name: Jaras Salas, Ian
name: Beagley, Kenneth W
name: Goonetilleke, Nilu
name: Bhardwaj, Aakash
name: Leahy, Darren
name: Li, Yanli
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2024

description: A vaccine is needed to combat the Chlamydia epidemic. Replication-deficient viral vectors are safe and induce antigen-specific T-cell memory. We tested the ability of intramuscular immunization with modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) virus or chimpanzee adenovirus (ChAd) expressing chlamydial outer membrane protein (OmcB) or the secreted protein, chlamydial protease-like activating factor (CPAF), to enhance T-cell immunity and protection in mice previously infected with plasmid-deficient Chlamydia muridarum CM972 and elicit protection in naïve mice. MVA.OmcB or MVA.CPAF increased antigen-specific T cells in CM972-immune mice ∼150 and 50-fold, respectively, but failed to improve bacterial clearance. ChAd.OmcB/MVA.OmcB prime-boost immunization of naïve mice elicited a cluster of differentiation (CD) 8-dominant T-cell response dominated by cluster of differentiation (CD)8 T cells that failed to protect. ChAd.CPAF/ChAd.CPAF prime-boost also induced a CD8-dominant response with a marginal reduction in burden. Challenge of ChAd.CPAF-immunized mice genetically deficient in CD4 or CD8 T cells showed that protection was entirely CD4-dependent. CD4-deficient mice had prolonged infection, whereas CD8-deficient mice had higher frequencies of CPAF-specific CD4 T cells, earlier clearance, and reduced burden than wild-type controls. These data reinforce the essential nature of the CD4 T-cell response in protection from chlamydial genital infection in mice and the need for vaccine platforms that drive CD4-dominant responses.
Daily and Momentary Associations Between Gender Minority Stress and Resilience With Alcohol Outcomes
Creators: name: Hart, Trevor A
name: Uhrig, Alexandra
name: Abramovich, Alex
name: Hendershot, Christian S
name: Kovacek, Karla
name: Tellez, Carmina
name: Raessi, Tara
name: Dermody, Sarah S
name: Wardell, Jeffrey D
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Year: 2024

description: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Minority stressors have been linked with alcohol use among transgender and gender diverse (TGD); however, no ecological momentary assessment studies have examined daily links between minority stress and alcohol use specifically among TGD. This study examined gender minority stressors and resilience as predictors of same-day or momentary alcohol-related outcomes. Feasibility and acceptability of procedures were evaluated.
METHODS: Twenty-five TGD adults (mean age = 32.60, SD = 10.82; 88% White) were recruited Canada-wide and participated remotely. They completed 21 days of ecological momentary assessment with daily morning and random surveys (assessing alcohol outcomes, risk processes, gender minority stressors, resilience), and an exit interview eliciting feedback.
RESULTS: Gender minority stress had significant and positive within-person relationships with same-day alcohol use (incidence risk ratio (IRR) = 1.12, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.02, 1.23]), alcohol-related harms (IRR = 1.14, 95% CI [1.02, 1.28]), and coping motives (IRR = 1.06, 95% CI [1.03, 1.08]), as well as momentary (past 30-min) alcohol craving (IRR = 1.32, 95% CI [1.18, 1.47]), coping motives (IRR = 1.35, 95% CI [1.21, 1.51]), and negative affect (IRR = 1.28, 95% CI [1.20, 1.36]). Gender minority stress indirectly predicted same-day drinking via coping motives (ab = 0.04, 95% CI [0.02, 0.08]). Resilience was positively associated with same-day alcohol use (IRR = 1.25, 95% CI [1.03, 1.51]) but not harms.
CONCLUSIONS: TGD adults may use alcohol to cope with gender minority stress, which can increase the risk for alcohol-related harms. Interventions are needed to eliminate gender minority stressors and support adaptive coping strategies.
A Grounded Theory of Sexual and Gender Minority Suicide Risk: The Sexual and Gender Minority Suicide Risk and Protection Model
Creators: name: Robertson, Ryan
name: Dahl, Alicia A.
name: Nanney, Eleanor M.
name: Kaniuka, Andréa R.
name: Smith, Mac
name: Cramer, Robert J.
name: Basinger, Erin D.
name: Bowling, Jessamyn
name: Hoff, Rhoen
Publisher: name: American Psychological Association (APA)
Year: 2024

description: Sexual and gender minority (SGM) individuals experience higher rates of suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) compared to cisgender and heterosexual individuals. Increased risk for STBs can be conceptualized via (a) suicide risk models (e.g., ideation-to-action frameworks) and (b) SGM health literature (e.g., minority stress frameworks); yet, integration of these literatures in conceptualizing SGM suicide risk is lacking. As such, the current study generated a grounded theory of SGM suicide, addressing the following research questions: What factors do SGM individuals describe as contributing to and/or thwarting: (a) the development of suicidal ideation? and (b) the progression from suicidal ideation to attempt? SGM adults from the United States (N = 30) completed semistructured interviews via video conferencing. Data analysis was conducted in four stages (i.e., open coding, focused coding, axial coding, and theoretical coding) per grounded theory methodology. The SGM suicide risk and protective (SuRAP) model was constructed, which outlines the role of (a) precipitating vulnerabilities and stressors, including minority stress; (b) lacking a solution (i.e., development of negative cognitions); (c) halting the suicide cascade (i.e., protective factors); and (d) acquiring capability for suicide (e.g., accessing lethal means) in suicidal ideation and suicide attempt among SGM individuals. Therapeutic modalities such as affirmative dialectical behavior therapy, which addresses minority stress and suicide risk factors (e.g., distress intolerance, interpersonal ineffectiveness), may be of utility in SGM suicide prevention based upon the SGM SuRAP model.