cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Synthetic cathinone pharmacokinetics, analytical methods, and toxicological findings from human performance and postmortem cases
Creators: name: Ellefsen, Kayla N.
name: Concheiro, Marta
name: Huestis, Marilyn A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Synthetic cathinones are commonly abused novel psychoactive substances (NPS). We present a comprehensive systematic review addressing in vitro and in vivo synthetic cathinone pharmacokinetics, analytical methods for detection and quantification in biological matrices, and toxicological findings from human performance and postmortem toxicology cases. Few preclinical administration studies examined synthetic cathinone pharmacokinetic profiles (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion), and only one investigated metabolite pharmacokinetics. Synthetic cathinone metabolic profiling studies, primarily with human liver microsomes, elucidated metabolite structures and identified suitable biomarkers to extend detection windows beyond those provided by parent compounds. Generally, cathinone derivatives underwent ketone reduction, carbonylation of the pyrrolidine ring, and oxidative reactions, with phase II metabolites also detected. Reliable analytical methods are necessary for cathinone identification in biological matrices to document intake and link adverse events to specific compounds and concentrations. NPS analytical methods are constrained in their ability to detect new emerging synthetic cathinones due to limited commercially available reference standards and continuous development of new analogs. Immunoassay screening methods are especially affected, but also gas-chromatography and liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry confirmation methods. Non-targeted high-resolution-mass spectrometry screening methods are advantageous, as they allow for retrospective data analysis and easier addition of new synthetic cathinones to existing methods. Lack of controlled administration studies in humans complicate interpretation of synthetic cathinones in biological matrices, as dosing information is typically unknown. Furthermore, antemortem and postmortem concentrations often overlap and the presence of other psychoactive substances are typically found in combination with cathinones derivatives, further confounding result interpretation.
Hirschman-Widder densities
Creators: name: Belton, Alexander
name: Guillot, Dominique
name: Khare, Apoorva
name: Putinar, Mihai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15B48 (primary), 05E05, 15A15, 30C40, 44A10, 47B34 (secondary)

description: Hirschman and Widder introduced a class of Pólya frequency functions given by linear combinations of one-sided exponential functions. The members of this class are probability densities, and the class is closed under convolution but not under pointwise multiplication. We show that, generically, a polynomial function of such a density is a Pólya frequency function only if the polynomial is a homothety, and also identify a subclass for which each positive-integer power is a Pólya frequency function. We further demonstrate connections between the Maclaurin coefficients, the moments of these densities, and the recovery of the density from finitely many moments, via Schur polynomials.
description: 32 pages, no figures. Numerous small additions, including Proposition 2.9, as well as Section 3 and other remarks connecting Hirschman-Widder densities to orbital integrals. Final version, to appear in Applied and Computational Harmonic Analysis
Potential risk of occurrence of Phytophthora alni in forests of the Czech Republic
Creators: name: Dušan Romportl
name: Chumanová, Eva
name: Havrdová, Ludmila
name: Vítězslava Pešková
name: Černý, Karel
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Phytophthoraalni is an invasive organism that causes root and collar rot in alders, which significantly damages the forest and riparian vegetation of alder trees in Central and Western Europe. In the Czech Republic, this pathogen was first confirmed in 2001, and since then it has been gradually spreading from the west to the east. Here, we applied a model of potential distribution that estimates the level and spatial variability of the pathogen occurrence and spread risk for Czech Republic forests to target the early detection and control the further invasion of P. alni in this region. Our predictions are based on a rigorous statistical analysis of data obtained from field survey as well as available geodatabases. We used two sets of predictor variables describing (i) the forest stands and (ii) neighbourhood of the stands, and generalized linear modelling with forward stepwise selection of predictors. The results of statistical analysis showed the significant effect of the area of the forest stand, forest vegetation zone, presence of watercourse and area of alder stands in the neighbourhood on the probability of occurrence of P. alni in the study region. The map derived based on the final model shows the potential risk of occurrence and impact of P. alni in forests of the Czech Republic as classified on a five-point scale ranging from very low risk for alder stands with a low level of likely invasion to very sensitive alder stands with high probability of pathogen occurrence and high levels of damage. This is a unique output not only for the Czech Republic but also throughout Europe.
Landscape transition after the collapse of communism in Czechia
Creators: name: Kupková, Lucie
name: Bičík, Ivan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: The paper deals with mapping of landscape transition after the collapse of Communism in Czechia on national and local levels. Three maps demonstrate the main trends of landscape transition on the national level (by cadastral units) in the period 1990–2010. The Main Map shows the four most important Processes of landscape change (afforestation, grassing over, intensification, and urbanization). The second map demonstrates the proportion of area where any kind of land use change occurred (Index of change) and the third map (Extensification) indicates the shift to less intensive use of land (increase of forests and grasslands). Two main processes were mapped on the local level, that is, by parcels. The case of Jirny showed strong sububanization: fertile agricultural land has been turned into residential and commercial areas, roads; soil sealing was taking place. On the contrary, grassing over and afforestation was detected in Hošťka where arable land almost disappeared – it was either abandoned or replaced mainly by pastures between 1990 and 2010.
$α$-Attractors and Reheating in a Non-Minimal Inflationary Model
Creators: name: Shojaee, Raheleh
name: Nozari, Kourosh
name: Darabi, Farhad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study $α$-attractor models with both E-model and T-model potential in an extended Non-Minimal Derivative (NMD) inflation where a canonical scalar field and its derivatives are non-minimally coupled to gravity. We calculate the evolution of perturbations during this regime. Then by adopting inflation potentials of the model we show that in the large N and small $α$ limit, value of the scalar spectral index ns and tensor to scalar ratio r are universal. Next, we study reheating after inflation in this formalism. We obtain some constraints on the model's parameter space by adopting the results with Planck 2018.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures
Controlling the EWMA $S^2$ control chart false alarm behavior when the in-control variance level must be estimated
Creators: name: Knoth, Sven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Investigating the problem of setting control limits in the case of parameter uncertainty is more accessible when monitoring the variance because only one parameter has to be estimated. Simply ignoring the induced uncertainty frequently leads to control charts with poor false alarm performances. Adjusting the unconditional in-control (IC) average run length (ARL) makes the situation even worse. Guaranteeing a minimum conditional IC ARL with some given probability is another very popular approach to solving these difficulties. However, it is very conservative as well as more complex and more difficult to communicate. We utilize the probability of a false alarm within the planned number of points to be plotted on the control chart. It turns out that adjusting this probability produces notably different limit adjustments compared to controlling the unconditional IC ARL. We then develop numerical algorithms to determine the respective modifications of the upper and two-sided exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) charts based on the sample variance for normally distributed data. These algorithms are made available within an R package. Finally, the impacts of the EWMA smoothing constant and the size of the preliminary sample on the control chart design and its performance are studied.
Additional file 1 of Artificial neural network for cytocompatibility and antibacterial enhancement induced by femtosecond laser micro/nano structures
Creators: name: Lu, Libin
name: Zhang, Jiaru
name: Guan, Kai
name: Zhou, Jin
name: Yuan, Fusong
name: Guan, Yingchun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Process parameters and experiment results in GA-BP
Mapping EU fishing activities using ship tracking data
Creators: name: Vespe, Michele
name: Gibin, Maurizio
name: Alessandrini, Alfredo
name: Natale, Fabrizio
name: Mazzarella, Fabio
name: Osio, Giacomo C.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Information and understanding of fishing activities at sea are fundamental components of marine knowledge and maritime situational awareness. Such information is important to fisheries science, public authorities and policy-makers. In this paper we introduce a first map at European scale of EU fishing activities extracted using Automatic Identification System ship tracking data. The resulting map is a density of points that identify fishing activities. A measure of the reliability of such information is also presented as a map of coverage reception capabilities.
Searching for exceptional points and inspecting non-contractivity of trace distance in (anti-)$\mathcal{PT}\!-$symmetric systems
Creators: name: Jahromi, Hossein Rangani
name: Franco, Rosario Lo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-Hermitian systems with parity-time ($\mathcal{PT}$) symmetry and anti-$\mathcal{PT}$ symmetry give rise to exceptional points (EPs) with intriguing properties related to, e.g., chiral transport and enhanced sensitivity, due to the coalescence of eigenvectors. In this paper, we propose a powerful and easily computable tool, based on the Hilbert-Schmidt speed (HSS), which does not require the diagonalization of the evolved density matrix, to detect exactly the EPs and hence the critical behavior of the (anti-)$\mathcal{PT}\!-$symmetric systems, especially high-dimensional ones. Our theoretical predictions, made without the need for modification of the Hilbert space, which is performed by diagonalizing one of the observables, are completely consistent with results extracted from recent experiments studying the criticality in (anti-)$\mathcal{PT}\!-$symmetric systems. Nevertheless, not modifying the Hilbert space of the non-Hermitian system, we find that the trace distance, a measure of distinguishability of two arbitrary quantum states, whose dynamics is known as a faithful witness of non-Markovianity in Hermitian systems, may be non-contractive under the non-Hermitian evolution of the system. Therefore, it lacks one of the most important characteristics which must be met by any standard witness of non-Markovianity.
Environmental heterogeneity promotes microgeographic genetic divergence in the Mediterranean killifish Aphanius fasciatus (Cyprinodontidae)
Creators: name: Angeletti, Dario
name: Cimmaruta, Roberta
name: Sebbio, Claudia
name: Bellisario, Bruno
name: Carere, Claudio
name: Nascetti, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: Environmental stress can promote evolutionary forces and genetic divergence, but at which microgeographic scale divergence may arise, even in the presence of gene flow, remains poorly known. We studied the effects of eutrophication in a saltwork over a period of 6 years on the gene pool of a local population of the Mediterranean killifish Aphanius fasciatus, a species resistant to extreme conditions. We hypothesised that during eutrophication, the environmental stress may have acted differently along a gradient of salinity and oxygen concentration in promoting evolutionary forces, generating divergence over a small spatial scale (2 km), despite gene flow. We analysed 24 allozymes in three temporal samples each composed of four spatial sub-samples, collected along the gradient, during eutrophication (2003 and 2005) and after a recovery project (2008). The results suggest that eutrophication promoted natural selection, originating a genetic cline on one locus (adenosine deaminase) significantly linked to salinity and oxygen concentration. Together with selection, both genetic drift and gene flow contributed to shaping the genetic structure under stress by further promoting the genetic heterogeneity and giving rise to deficits of heterozygotes as a secondary effect of the divergence. Environmental stress thus increased diversification, with the effects of selection and drift prevailing on gene flow. When environmental stress was relaxed (2008), allele and genotype frequencies became homogeneous, likely because under less extreme conditions the gene flow prevailed. These results improve our understanding of microgeographic divergence, and highlight the role of environmental stress in moulding microevolutionary dynamics and genetic patterns of animal populations.
Additional file 1 of Poor treatment responses were related to poor outcomes in pediatric B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia with KMT2A rearrangements
Creators: name: Wen, Jinquan
name: Zhou, Min
name: Shen, Yali
name: long, Yueting
name: Guo, Yuxia
name: Song, Lin
name: Xiao, Jianwen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1.
Fermionic Fock Spaces and Quantum States for Causal Fermion Systems
Creators: name: Finster, Felix
name: Kamran, Niky
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is shown for causal fermion systems describing Minkowski-type spacetimes that an interacting causal fermion system at time $t$ gives rise to a distinguished state on the algebra generated by fermionic and bosonic field operators. The proof of positivity of the state is given and representations are constructed.
description: 34 pages, LaTeX, 2 figures, construction simplified, Section 5.3 added (published version)
Isolation mechanisms for high-speed packet-processing pipelines
Creators: name: Wang, Tao
name: Yang, Xiangrui
name: Antichi, Gianni
name: Sivaraman, Anirudh
name: Panda, Aurojit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Data-plane programmability is now mainstream. As we find more use cases, deployments need to be able to run multiple packet-processing modules in a single device. These are likely to be developed by independent teams, either within the same organization or from multiple organizations. Therefore, we need isolation mechanisms to ensure that modules on the same device do not interfere with each other. This paper presents Menshen, an extension of the Reconfigurable Match Tables (RMT) pipeline that enforces isolation between different packet-processing modules. Menshen is comprised of a set of lightweight hardware primitives and an extension to the open source P4-16 reference compiler that act in conjunction to meet this goal. We have prototyped Menshen on two FPGA platforms (NetFPGA and Corundum). We show that our design provides isolation, and allows new modules to be loaded without impacting the ones already running. Finally, we demonstrate that feasibility of implementing Menshen on ASICs by using the FreePDK45nm technology library and the Synopsys DC synthesis software, showing that our design meets timing at a 1GHz clock frequency and needs approximately 6% additional chip area. We have open sourced the code for Menshen's hardware and software at https://isolation.quest/.
Exponential Savings in Agnostic Active Learning through Abstention
Creators: name: Puchkin, Nikita
name: Zhivotovskiy, Nikita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that in pool-based active classification without assumptions on the underlying distribution, if the learner is given the power to abstain from some predictions by paying the price marginally smaller than the average loss $1/2$ of a random guess, exponential savings in the number of label requests are possible whenever they are possible in the corresponding realizable problem. We extend this result to provide a necessary and sufficient condition for exponential savings in pool-based active classification under the model misspecification.
description: 31 pages, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
Zero-state Coupled Markov Switching Count Models for Spatio-temporal Infectious Disease Spread
Creators: name: Douwes-Schultz, Dirk
name: Schmidt, Alexandra M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Spatio-temporal counts of infectious disease cases often contain an excess of zeros. With existing zero inflated count models applied to such data it is difficult to quantify space-time heterogeneity in the effects of disease spread between areas. Also, existing methods do not allow for separate dynamics to affect the reemergence and persistence of the disease. As an alternative, we develop a new zero-state coupled Markov switching negative binomial model, under which the disease switches between periods of presence and absence in each area through a series of partially hidden nonhomogeneous Markov chains coupled between neighboring locations. When the disease is present, an autoregressive negative binomial model generates the cases with a possible 0 representing the disease being undetected. Bayesian inference and prediction is illustrated using spatio-temporal counts of dengue fever cases in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
From Machine Learning to Transfer Learning in Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy: the Case of Rock Analysis for Mars Exploration
Creators: name: Sun, Chen
name: Xu, Weijie
name: Tan, Yongqi
name: Zhang, Yuqing
name: Yue, Zengqi
name: Shabbir, Sahar
name: Wu, Mengting
name: Zou, Long
name: Chen, Fengye
name: Yu, Jin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the ChemCam instrument, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has successively contributed to Mars exploration by determining elemental compositions of the soil, crust and rocks. Two new lunched missions, Chinese Tianwen 1 and American Perseverance, will further increase the number of LIBS instruments on Mars after the planned landings in spring 2021. Such unprecedented situation requires a reinforced research effort on the methods of LIBS spectral data treatment. Although the matrix effects correspond to a general issue in LIBS, they become accentuated in the case of rock analysis for Mars exploration, because of the large variation of rock composition leading to the chemical matrix effect, and the difference in morphology between laboratory standard samples (in pressed pellet, glass or ceramics) used to establish calibration models and natural rocks encountered on Mars, leading to the physical matric effect. The chemical matrix effect has been tackled in the ChemCam project with large sets of laboratory standard samples offering a good representation of various compositions of Mars rocks. The present work deals with the physical matrix effect which is still expecting a satisfactory solution. The approach consists in introducing transfer learning in LIBS data treatment. For the specific case of total alkali-silica (TAS) classification of natural rocks, the results show a significant improvement of the prediction capacity of pellet sample-based models when trained together with suitable information from rocks in a procedure of transfer learning. The correct classification rate of rocks increases from 33.3% with a machine learning model to 83.3% with a transfer learning model.
Across the Taiwan Strait - Peace, or mere quiet ?.pdf
Creators: name: Fondrillon, Ewen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 160604 Defence Studies
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 160606 Government and Politics of Asia and the Pacific

description: A short paper on the relationship between the Republic of China and the People's Republic of China,aiming at taking a closer look at Taiwan and China's attitude towards each other in the past two decades, and provide a basis of analysis to discuss future evolutions, now that international tensions are flaring up again in the region.
Reconstruction of the dark sectors' interaction: A model-independent inference and forecast from GW standard sirens
Creators: name: Bonilla, Alexander
name: Kumar, Suresh
name: Nunes, Rafael C.
name: Pan, Supriya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interacting dark matter (DM) - dark energy (DE) models have been intensively investigated in the literature for their ability to fit various data sets as well as to explain some observational tensions persisting within the $Λ$CDM cosmology. In this work, we employ the Gaussian processes (GP) algorithm to perform a joint analysis by using the geometrical cosmological probes such as Cosmic chronometers, Supernova Type Ia, Baryon Acoustic Oscillations, and the H0LiCOW lenses sample to infer a reconstruction of the coupling function between the dark components in a general framework, where the DE can assume a dynamical character via its equation of state. In addition to the joint analysis with these data, we simulate a catalogue with standard siren events from binary neutron star mergers, within the sensitivity predicted by the Einstein Telescope, to reconstruct the dark sector coupling with more accuracy in a robust way. We find that the particular case, where $w = -1$ is fixed on the DE nature, has a statistical preference for an interaction in the dark sector at late times. In the general case, where $w(z)$ is analysed, we find no evidence for such dark coupling, and the predictions are compatible with the $Λ$CDM paradigm. When the mock events of the standard sirens are considered to improve the kernel in GP predictions, we find a preference for an interaction in the dark sector at late times.
description: 8 page, 4 figures, Comments are welcome. This is the final version published in MNRAS, with the correction of some types and without changing the results
Machine learning methods for constructing probabilistic Fermi-LAT catalogs
Creators: name: Bhat, Aakash
name: Malyshev, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classification of sources is one of the most important tasks in astronomy. Sources detected in one wavelength band, for example using gamma rays, may have several possible associations in other wavebands, or there may be no plausible association candidates. In this work we aim to determine the probabilistic classification of unassociated sources in the third Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) point source catalog (3FGL) and the fourth Fermi LAT data release 2 point source catalog (4FGL-DR2) using two classes - pulsars and active galactic nuclei (AGNs) - or three classes - pulsars, AGNs, and "OTHER" sources. We use several machine learning (ML) methods to determine a probabilistic classification of Fermi-LAT sources. We evaluate the dependence of results on the meta-parameters of the ML methods, such as the maximal depth of the trees in tree-based classification methods and the number of neurons in neural networks. We determine a probabilistic classification of both associated and unassociated sources in the 3FGL and 4FGL-DR2 catalogs. We cross-check the accuracy by comparing the predicted classes of unassociated sources in 3FGL with their associations in 4FGL-DR2 for cases where such associations exist. We find that in the two-class case it is important to correct for the presence of OTHER sources among the unassociated ones in order to realistically estimate the number of pulsars and AGNs. We find that the three-class classification, despite different types of sources in the OTHER class, has a similar performance as the two-class classification in terms of reliability diagrams and, at the same time, it does not require adjustment due to presence of the OTHER sources among the unassociated sources. We show an example of the use of the probabilistic catalogs for population studies, which include associated and unassociated sources.
description: 35 pages, 34 figures, 20 tables, data products are available at http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/660/A87, v2: tables added v3: version accepted to A&A, appendices, tables, plots added
Near-unity radiative quantum efficiency of excitons in carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Machiya, H.
name: Yamashita, D.
name: Ishii, A.
name: Kato, Y. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The efficiencies of photonic devices are primarily governed by radiative quantum efficiency, which is a property given by the light emitting material. Quantitative characterization for carbon nanotubes, however, has been difficult despite being a prominent material for nanoscale photonics. Here we determine the radiative quantum efficiency of bright excitons in carbon nanotubes by modifying the exciton dynamics through cavity quantum electrodynamical effects. Silicon photonic crystal nanobeam cavities are used to induce the Purcell effect on individual carbon nanotubes. Spectral and temporal behavior of the cavity enhancement is characterized by photoluminescence microscopy, and the fraction of the radiative decay process is evaluated. We find that the radiative quantum efficiency is near unity for bright excitons in carbon nanotubes at room temperature.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Across the Taiwan Strait - Peace, or mere quiet.pdf
Creators: name: Fondrillon, Ewen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 160604 Defence Studies
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 160606 Government and Politics of Asia and the Pacific

description: A short paper written for class on Asia-Pacifc regional relationships.The purpose was to take a closer look at Taiwan and China's attitude towards each other in the past two decades, and provide a basis of analysis to discuss future evolutions, now that international tensions are flaring up again in the region.
The c-map as a functor on certain variations of Hodge structure
Creators: name: Mantegazza, Mauro
name: Saha, Arpan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53C26 (Primary) 14D07, 83E50 (Secondary)

description: We give a new manifestly natural presentation of the supergravity c-map. We achieve this by giving a more explicit description of the correspondence between projective special Kähler manifolds and variations of Hodge structure, and by demonstrating that the twist construction of Swann, for a certain kind of twist data, reduces to a quotient by a discrete group. We combine these two ideas by showing that variations of Hodge structure give rise to the aforementioned kind of twist data and by then applying the twist realisation of the c-map due to Macia and Swann. This extends previous results regarding the lifting of general isomorphisms along the undeformed c-map, and of infinitesimal automorphisms along the deformed c-map. We show in fact that general isomorphisms can be naturally lifted along the deformed c-map.
description: 49 pages. v3: changed (3.55); fixed proof of Lemma 3.13 ;added remarks 5.11, 5.14; fixed argument relating Ehresmann and linear connections; fixed Examples 3.19, 3.21; changed definition 3.20, and accordingly every occurrence of it; added references; typos fixed; and presentation improved
Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy at Fe/Au(111) interface studied by Mössbauer, x-ray absorption, and photoemission spectroscopies
Creators: name: Okabayashi, Jun
name: Li, Songtian
name: Sakai, Seiji
name: Kobayashi, Yasuhiro
name: Mitsui, Takaya
name: Tanaka, Kiyohisa
name: Miura, Yoshio
name: Mitani, Seiji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of the interfacial perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) induced in the ultrathin Fe layer on the Au(111) surface was examined using synchrotron-radiation-based Mössbauer spectroscopy (MS), X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD), and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). To probe the detailed interfacial electronic structure of orbital hybridization between the Fe 3$d$ and Au 6$p$ bands, we detected the interfacial proximity effect, which modulates the valence-band electronic structure of Fe, resulting in PMA. MS and XMCD measurements were used to detect the interfacial magnetic structure and anisotropy in orbital magnetic moments, respectively. $In$-$situ$ ARPES also confirms the initial growth of Fe on large spin-orbit coupled surface Shockley states under Au(111) modulated electronic states in the vicinity of the Fermi level. This suggests that PMA in the Fe/Au(111) interface originates from the cooperation effects among the spin, orbital magnetic moments in Fe, and large spin-orbit coupling in Au. These findings pave the way to develop interfacial PMA using $p$-$d$ hybridization with a large spin-orbit interaction.
Non-Abelian statistics with mixed-boundary punctures on the toric code
Creators: name: Benhemou, Asmae
name: Pachos, Jiannis K.
name: Browne, Dan E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The toric code is a simple and exactly solvable example of topological order realising Abelian anyons. However, it was shown to support non-local lattice defects, namely twists, which exhibit non-Abelian anyonic behaviour [1]. Motivated by this result, we investigated the potential of having non-Abelian statistics from puncture defects on the toric code. We demonstrate that an encoding with mixed-boundary punctures reproduces Ising fusion, and a logical Pauli-$X$ upon their braiding. Our construction paves the way for local lattice defects to exhibit non-Abelian properties that can be employed for quantum information tasks.
Thermal Squeezeout of Dark Matter
Creators: name: Asadi, Pouya
name: Kramer, Eric David
name: Kuflik, Eric
name: Ridgway, Gregory W.
name: Slatyer, Tracy R.
name: Smirnov, Juri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We carry out a detailed study of the confinement phase transition in a dark sector with a $SU(N)$ gauge group and a single generation of dark heavy quark. We focus on heavy enough quarks such that their abundance freezes out before the phase transition and the phase transition is of first-order. We find that during this phase transition the quarks are trapped inside contracting pockets of the deconfined phase and are compressed enough to interact at a significant rate, giving rise to a second stage of annihilation that can dramatically change the resulting dark matter abundance. As a result, the dark matter can be heavier than the often-quoted unitarity bound of $\sim100~$TeV. Our findings are almost completely independent of the details of the portal between the dark sector and the Standard Model. We comment briefly on possible signals of such a sector. Our main findings are summarized in a companion letter, while here we provide further details on different parts of the calculation.
description: 38+30 pages, 14 figures
Association between intake of antioxidants and pancreatic cancer risk: a meta-analysis
Creators: name: Jiamin Chen
name: Wuxia Jiang
name: Liming Shao
name: Dandan Zhong
name: Yihua Wu
name: Jianting Cai
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: We conducted a meta-analysis to systematically evaluate the association between antioxidants intake and pancreatic cancer risk. Relevant articles were retrieved from PUBMED and EMBASE databases and standard meta-analysis methods were applied. Finally a total of 18 studies were included. Comparing the highest with lowest categories, higher dietary intakes of selenium, vitamin C, vitamin E, β-carotene and β-cryptoxanthin were significantly associated with reduced pancreatic cancer risk (for selenium, pooled OR = 0.47, 95%CI 0.26–0.85; for vitamin C, pooled OR = 0.68, 95%CI 0.57–0.80; for vitamin E, pooled OR = 0.70, 95%CI 0.62–0.81; for β-carotene, pooled OR = 0.74, 95%CI 0.56–0.98; for β-cryptoxanthin, pooled OR = 0.70, 95%CI 0.56–0.88). Lycopene intake was marginally associated with pancreatic cancer risk (pooled OR = 0.85, 95%CI 0.73–1.00), while no significant association was observed for α-carotene, lutein and zeaxanthin. In summary, higher dietary intake of selenium, vitamin C, vitamin E, β-carotene and β-cryptoxanthin was inversely associated with pancreatic cancer risk.
Riedl et al Supporting Figure SF2 (figshare)
Creators: name: Dolznig, Helmut
name: Riedl, Angelika
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 60802 Animal Cell and Molecular Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 60111 Signal Transduction

description: Analysis of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and RAS/RAF/MAPK signaling in 2D vs 3D culture in colon cancer cells
Additional file 3: of In vivo assessment of neuroinflammation in progressive multiple sclerosis: a proof of concept study with [18F]DPA714 PET
Creators: name: Hagens, Marloes
name: Golla, Sandeep
name: Wijburg, Martijn
name: Yaqub, Maqsood
name: Heijtel, Dennis
name: Steenwijk, Martijn
name: Schober, Patrick
name: BrevĂŠ, John
name: Schuit, Robert
name: Reekie, Tristan
name: Kassiou, Michael
name: van Dam, Anne-Marie
name: Windhorst, Albert
name: Killestein, Joep
name: Barkhof, Frederik
name: van Berckel, Bart
name: Lammertsma, Adriaan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: 2T4k_VB - Percentage standard deviation for BPND (k3/k4). Additional file provides the percentage of standard deviation for the arterial input-derived BPND (k3/k4) for the different large regions of interest. (PDF 106 kb)
Necessary and sufficient conditions for the convergence of positive series
Creators: name: Abramov, Vyacheslav M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 40A05, 41A58, 28A99, 60J80

description: We provide new necessary and sufficient conditions for the convergence of positive series developing Bertran-De Morgan and Cauchy type tests given in [M. Martin, Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 47(1941), 452-457] and [L. Bourchtein et al, Int. J. Math. Anal. 6(2012), 1847-1869]. The obtained result enables us to extend the known conditions for recurrence and transience of birth-and-death processes given in [V. M. Abramov, Amer. Math. Monthly 127(2020) 444-448].
description: 9 pages. The paper is substantially revised according to the referee's comments. It is the final version that is accepted for publication to "Journal of Classical Analysis"
Author careers: A supplement to the article: Long Term Productivity and Collaboration in Information Science
Creators: name: Thelwall, Mike
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 80705 Informetrics
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: We investigate the subsequent career focus of a random sample of 100 of first-named authors (782) of an IS&LS article in 1996 that did not publish any other IS&LS articles in the period 1993 to 2012.The purpose is to assess whether authors that are apparently unproductive in terms of IS&LS authorship could be productive in other ways.
 A supplement to the article:
Levitt, J.M. & Thelwall, M. (in press). Long Term Productivity and Collaboration in Information Science. Scientometrics, doi:10.1007/s11192-016-2061-8
title: Особенности тарифной политики региональных предприятий топливно-энергетического комплекса Ханты-Мансийского автономного округа – Югры
title: Regional Enterprises of the Fuel and Energy Complex in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Ugra: Features of the Tariff Policy
Creators: name: Брагина, Татьяна Александровна
name: Зубарева, Любовь Витальевна
Publisher: name: Издательский центр СурГУ
Year: 2022

description: В статье рассмотрены особенности тарифной политики предприятий топливно-энергетического комплекса Ханты-Мансийского автономного округа – Югры, ее основные цели. Приведен перечень электростанций промышленных предприятий Ханты-Мансийского автономного округа – Югры и выделены их главные характеристики. Размер одноставочного тарифа на электро-энергию для населения Ханты-Мансийского автономного округа – Югры сопоставлен с одноставочными тарифами на электроэнергию в иных субъектах Российской Федерации. Проанализированы плановые балансовые показатели производства и поставок тепловой энергии, учтенные в тарифах на теплоснабжение в Ханты-Мансийском автономном округе – Югре на 2021 г. Выявлены преимущества от внедрения автоматизированной системы управления на предприятиях топливно-энергетического комплекса. Определены условия эффективной тарифной политики в отношении региональных предприятий топливно-энергетического комплекса и основные задачи Региональной службы по тарифам Ханты-Мансийского автономного округа – Югры.
description: The article discusses tariff policy features of enterprises of the fuel and energy complex of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Ugra, and its main goals. Power generation plants of industrial enterprises in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okug – Ugra are listed in the article. Their main features are emphasized. The amount of the straight-line rate for electricity for cizitens of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Ugra is compared with that of other subjects of the Russian Federation. Considered in the heat supply tariffs in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Ugra in 2021, routine balance indicators for heat energy production and supply are analyzed. The advantages of implementing an automated management system at the fuel and energy complex enterpises are detected. The conditions for effective tariff policy in relation to the regional enterprises of the fuel and energy complex, as well as the main objectives of the Regional Tariff Service of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Ugra are determined.
Slow Light Frequency Reference Cavities -- Proof of Concept for Reducing the Frequency Sensitivity Due to Length Fluctuations
Creators: name: Horvath, Sebastian P.
name: Shi, Chunyan
name: Gustavsson, David
name: Walther, Andreas
name: Kinos, Adam
name: Kröll, Stefan
name: Rippe, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Length changes due to thermo-mechanical noise originating from, for example, Brownian motion are a key limiting factor of present day state-of-the-art laser frequency stabilization using Fabry-Pérot cavities. We present a laser-frequency stabilization concept using an optical cavity with a strong slow-light effect to reduce the impact of cavity length changes on the frequency stability. The resulting noise-reduction factor is proportional to the ratio between the light phase and group velocities in the highly dispersive cavity spacer. We experimentally demonstrate a proof-of-principle implementation of this laser-frequency stabilization technique using a rare-earth doped crystalline cavity spacer in conjunction with semi-permanent spectral tailoring to achieve precise control of the dispersive properties of the cavity. Compared to the same setup in the absence of the slow-light effect a reduction in frequency sensitivity of four orders of magnitude was achieved.
description: Published version, 24 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 2: of Elimination of PCR duplicates in RNA-seq and small RNA-seq using unique molecular identifiers
Creators: name: Fu, Yu
name: Wu, Pei-Hsuan
name: Beane, Timothy
name: Zamore, Phillip
name: Weng, Zhiping
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Figure S1. Accuracy and fraction of duplicates for simulated data varying (A) sequencing error rate, (B) UMI length, (C) PCR error rate, or (D) minimum amplification probability. Each dotted line indicates the value for this parameter used in other simulations. (PDF 868 kb)
Frequency-robust preconditioning of boundary integral equations for acoustic transmission
Creators: name: Wout, Elwin van 't
name: Haqshenas, Seyyed R.
name: Gélat, Pierre
name: Betcke, Timo
name: Saffari, Nader
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scattering and transmission of harmonic acoustic waves at a penetrable material are commonly modelled by a set of Helmholtz equations. This system of partial differential equations can be rewritten into boundary integral equations defined at the surface of the objects and solved with the boundary element method (BEM). High frequencies or geometrical details require a fine surface mesh, which increases the number of degrees of freedom in the weak formulation. Then, matrix compression techniques need to be combined with iterative linear solvers to limit the computational footprint. Moreover, the convergence of the iterative linear solvers often depends on the frequency of the wave field and the objects' characteristic size. Here, the robust PMCHWT formulation is used to solve the acoustic transmission problem. An operator preconditioner based on on-surface radiation conditions (OSRC) is designed that yields frequency-robust convergence characteristics. Computational benchmarks compare the performance of this novel preconditioned formulation with other preconditioners and boundary integral formulations. The OSRC preconditioned PMCHWT formulation effectively simulates large-scale problems of engineering interest, such as focused ultrasound treatment of osteoid osteoma.
Riedl et al Supporting Figure SF1 (figshare).pdf
Creators: name: Riedl, Angelika
name: Dolznig, Helmut
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 60802 Animal Cell and Molecular Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60111 Signal Transduction

description: Colon Cancer Cells: cell cycle analysis in 2D versus 3D culture