cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Stability and low-energy orientations of interphase boundaries in multiaxial ferroelectrics: Phase-field simulations
Creators: name: Zhang, Yang
name: Xue, Fei
name: Wang, Bo
name: Hu, Jia-Mian
name: Dong, Shuai
name: Liu, Jun-Ming
name: Chen, Long-Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coexistence of different ferroelectric phases enables the tunability of the macroscopic properties and extensive applications from piezoelectric transducers to nonvolatile memories. Here we develop a thermodynamic model to predict the stability and low-energy orientations of boundaries between different phases in ferroelectrics. Taking lead zirconate titanate and bismuth ferrite as two examples, we demonstrate that the low-energy orientations of interphase boundaries are largely determined by minimizing the electrostatic and elastic energies. Phase-field simulations are employed to analyze the competition between the interfacial energy and the electrostatic and elastic energies. Our simulation results demonstrate that the lowering of crystal symmetry could occur due to the electrical and mechanical incompatibilities between the two phases, which can be used to explain the experimentally observed low-symmetry phases near morphotropic phase boundaries. Our work provides theoretical foundations for understanding and controlling the interphase boundaries in ferroelectric materials for multifunctional applications.
Eine neue Open-Access-Adresse im Land Brandenburg: Die Vernetzungs- und Kompetenzstelle Open Access Brandenburg — VuK
Creators: name: Eppelin, Anita
name: Falkenburg, Philipp
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Open Access
Wissenschaftsunterstützung
Publikationsdienstleistungen
Open-Access-Transformation
Kulturwandel

description: Mit der Veröffentlichung der "Open-Access-Strategie des Landes Brandenburg" im Sommer 2019 hat sich das Ministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kultur (MWFK) des Bundeslandes die Einrichtung einer sogenannten "Vernetzungs- und Kompetenzstelle für Open Access in Brandenburg" (VuK) auf die Fahnen geschrieben. Diese hat im April 2021 ihre Arbeit in der Förderzeitraum bis Ende 2023 aufgenommen. Die VuK wird die brandenburgischen Wissenschaftseinrichtungen, insbesondere die Universitäten und Hochschulen, auf ihren sehr unterschiedlichen Wegen der Open-Access-Transformation umfassend unterstützen und beraten. Das Team der VuK legt im ersten Jahr den Fokus auf eine breite Sichtbarkeit von brandenburgischen Open-Access-Aktivitäten und auf die weitere Unterstützung der Vernetzung der Open-Access-Akteur*innen an den Einrichtungen untereinander und über die Landesgrenzen hinweg. Zudem baut sie einen landesweiten Publikationsfonds für Open-Access-Monographien auf. Im Poster werden die Arbeitsfelder der VuK ausgeführt und die zeitliche Entwicklung mit wichtigen Meilensteinen vom Start des Strategieentwicklungsprozesses 2018 bis zum Ende des ersten VuK-Förderzeitraums 2023 dargestellt.
The experimental observation of quantum Hall effect of l = 3 chiral charge carriers in trilayer graphene
Creators: name: Zhang, Liyuan
name: Zhang, Yan
name: Camacho, J.
name: Khodas, M.
name: Zaliznyak, I. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low-energy electronic states in monolayer and bilayer graphenes present chiral charge carriers with unique and unusual properties of interest for electronic applications. Here, we report the magnetotransport measurements in the ABC-stacked trilayer graphene as a function of charge carrier density, magnetic field, and temperature, which show clear evidence of l = 3 chiral quasiparticles with cubic dispersion, existing in a large, 20x60 sq. microns device. Shubnikov-deHaas oscillations (SdHO) reveal the Berry's phase 3π, and the marked increase of cyclotron mass near charge neutrality, consistent with divergent behavior expected for l = 3 quasiparticles. We also observe the predicted unconventional sequence of quantum Hall effect (QHE) plateaus, +/-6e^2/h, +/-10e^2/h, ... .
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Results from RHIC with Implications for LHC
Creators: name: Tannenbaum, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results from the PHENIX experiment at RHIC in p-p and Au+Au collisions are reviewed from the perspective of measurements in p-p collisions at the CERN-ISR which serve as a basis for many of the techniques used. Issues such as J/Psi suppression and hydrodynamical flow in A+A collisions require data from LHC-Ions for an improved understanding. Suppression of high pT particles in Au+Au collisions, first observed at RHIC, also has unresolved mysteries such as the equality of the suppression of inclusive pi0 (from light quarks and gluons) and direct-single electrons (from the decay of heavy quarks) in the transverse momentum range 4< pT < 9 GeV/c. This disfavors a radiative explanation of suppression and leads to a fundamental question of whether the Higgs boson gives mass to fermions. Observation of an exponential distribution of direct photons in central Au+Au collisions for 1< pT <2 GeV/c where hard-processes are negligible and with no similar exponential distribution in p-p collisions indicates thermal photon emission from the medium at RHIC, making PHENIX at the moment ``the hottest experiment in Physics''.
description: Invited lectures at the International School of Subnuclear Physics, 47th Course, "The most unexpected at LHC and the status of High Energy Frontier'', Erice, Sicily, Italy, August 29-September 7. 2009. 32 pages, 22 figures
On an algebraic version of the Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equation
Creators: name: Joyner, Sheldon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11M32 (Primary), 39A70, 53B15, 11B68 (Secondary)

description: A difference equation analogue of the Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equation is exhibited by developing a theory of the generating function $H(z)$ of Hurwitz polyzeta functions to parallel that of the polylogarithms. By emulating the role of the KZ equation as a connection on a suitable bundle, a difference equation version of the notion of connection is developed for which $H(z)$ is a flat section. Solving a family of difference equations satisfied by the Hurwitz polyzetas leads to the normalized multiple Bernoulli polynomials (NMBPs) as the counterpart to the Hurwitz polyzeta functions, at tuples of negative integers. A generating function for these polynomials satisfies a similar difference equation to that of $H(z)$, but in contrast to the fact that said polynomials have rational coefficients, the algebraic independence of the Hurwitz polyzeta functions is proven. The values of the NMBPs at $z=1$ provide a regularization of the multiple zeta values at tuples of negative integers, which is shown to agree with the regularization given in work of S. Akiyama and collaborators. Various elementary properties of these values are proven.
description: 22 pages
First detection of linear polarization in the line profiles of active cool stars
Creators: name: Kochukhov, O.
name: Makaganiuk, V.
name: Piskunov, N.
name: Snik, F.
name: Jeffers, S. V.
name: Johns-Krull, C. M.
name: Keller, C. U.
name: Rodenhuis, M.
name: Valenti, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The application of high-resolution spectropolarimetry has led to major progress in understanding the magnetism and activity of late-type stars. During the last decade, magnetic fields have been discovered and mapped for many types of active cool stars using spectropolarimetric data. However, these observations and modeling attempts are fundamentally incomplete since they are based on the interpretation of the circular polarization alone. Taking advantage of the newly built HARPS polarimeter, we have obtained the first systematic observations of several cool active stars in all four Stokes parameters. Here we report the detection of magnetically-induced linear polarization for the primary component of the very active RS CVn binary HR 1099 and for the moderately active K dwarf epsilon Eri. For both stars the amplitude of linear polarization signatures is measured to be ~10^{-4} of the unpolarized continuum, which is approximately a factor of ten lower than for circular polarization. This is the first detection of the linear polarization in line profiles of cool active stars. Our observations of the inactive solar-like star alpha Cen A show neither circular nor linear polarization above the level of 10^{-5}, indicating the absence of a net longitudinal magnetic field stronger than 0.2 G.
description: accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal Letters
Real-time automatic polyp detection in colonoscopy using feature enhancement module and spatiotemporal similarity correlation unit
Creators: name: Xu, Jianwei
name: Zhao, Ran
name: Yu, Yizhou
name: Zhang, Qingwei
name: Bian, Xianzhang
name: Wang, Jun
name: Ge, Zhizheng
name: Qian, Dahong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Automatic detection of polyps is challenging because different polyps vary greatly, while the changes between polyps and their analogues are small. The state-of-the-art methods are based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs). However, they may fail due to lack of training data, resulting in high rates of missed detection and false positives (FPs). In order to solve these problems, our method combines the two-dimensional (2-D) CNN-based real-time object detector network with spatiotemporal information. Firstly, we use a 2-D detector network to detect static images and frames, and based on the detector network, we propose two feature enhancement modules-the FP Relearning Module (FPRM) to make the detector network learning more about the features of FPs for higher precision, and the Image Style Transfer Module (ISTM) to enhance the features of polyps for sensitivity improvement. In video detection, we integrate spatiotemporal information, which uses Structural Similarity (SSIM) to measure the similarity between video frames. Finally, we propose the Inter-frame Similarity Correlation Unit (ISCU) to combine the results obtained by the detector network and frame similarity to make the final decision. We verify our method on both private databases and publicly available databases. Experimental results show that these modules and units provide a performance improvement compared with the baseline method. Comparison with the state-of-the-art methods shows that the proposed method outperforms the existing ones which can meet real-time constraints. It's demonstrated that our method provides a performance improvement in sensitivity, precision and specificity, and has great potential to be applied in clinical colonoscopy.
description: This paper has been accepted by Biomedical Signal Processing and Control. Please cite the paper as Xu, J., Zhao, R., Yu, Y., Zhang, Q., Bian, X., Wang, J., Ge, Z., Qian, D., 2021. Real-time automatic polyp detection in colonoscopy using feature enhancement module and spatiotemporal similarity correlation unit. Biomedical Signal Processing and Control 66, 102503
title: Digesting the League of Nations
title: Planning the International Secretariat of the Future, 1941–1944
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Auberer, Benjamin
Publisher: name: de Gruyter
Year: 2016

description: This article examines the administrative debates on the structure of the post-war international order that took place during the Second World War. By focusing on a multinational study group composed of former high ranking League of Nations civil servants affiliated with the Royal Institute of International Affairs at Chatham House, it elucidates the activities of international civil servants after they left the League. It is shown how the group claimed to represent the experiences of the international secretariat of the League of Nations on a comprehensive scale by publishing a report on the evaluation of the League’s secretariat. An examination of the report investigates how the group defended the League of Nations and their own participation in the League.
Additional file 3 of Content validation of a new measure of patient-reported barriers to antiretroviral therapy adherence, the I-Score: results from a Delphi study
Creators: name: Engler, Kim
name: Vicente, Serge
name: Mate, Kedar K. V.
name: Lessard, David
name: Ahmed, Sara
name: Lebouché, Bertrand
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Item importance and actionability for HIV care by gender, questionnaire language, and country.
Is the young star cluster NGC 376 dissolving in the field of the SMC?
Creators: name: Sabbi, E.
name: Nota, A.
name: Tosi, M.
name: Smith, L. J.
name: Gallagher, J.
name: Cignoni, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use deep images acquired with the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) on board of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) in the filters F555W and F814W to characterize the properties of NGC 376, a young star cluster located in the wing of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). Using isochrone fitting we derive for NGC 376 an age of 28+/-7 Myr, in good agreement with previous studies. The high spatial resolution ACS data allow us to determine the center of gravity of the cluster and to construct extended surface brightness and radial density profiles. Neither of these profiles can be fitted with a theoretical model, suggesting that the cluster is not in virial equilibrium. Considering the young age of the cluster, we speculate that the distortion of the radial profiles may be the result of the rapid gas dispersal that follows the initial phase of star formation. The cluster shows clear evidence of dynamical mass segregation. From the properties of the radial profiles and the present day mass function (PDMF) we conclude that NGC 376 appears to have already lost nearly 90% of its initial stellar mass, probably as a consequence of the sudden gas dispersal that follows the early phase of star formation (SF).
description: 17 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Minimal cut-off vacuum state constraints from CMB bispectrum statistics
Creators: name: Meerburg, P. Daniel
name: van der Schaar, Jan Pieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this short note we translate the best available observational bounds on the CMB bispectrum amplitudes into constraints on a specific scale-invariant New Physics Hypersurface (NPH) model of vacuum state modifications, as first proposed by Danielsson, in general models of single-field inflation. As compared to the power spectrum the bispectrum constraints are less ambiguous and provide an interesting upper bound on the cut-off scale in general models of single-field inflation with a small speed of sound. This upper bound is incompatible with the power spectrum constraint for most of the parameter domain, leaving very little room for minimal cut-off vacuum state modifications in general single-field models with a small speed of sound.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure
Stochastic processes, statistical inference and efficient algorithms for phylogenetic inference
Creators: name: Zhai, Yongliang
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: Phylogenetic inference aims to reconstruct the evolutionary history of populations or species. With the rapid expansion of genetic data available, statistical methods play an increasingly important role in phylogenetic inference by analyzing genetic variation of observed data collected at current populations or species. In this thesis, we develop new evolutionary models, statistical inference methods and efficient algorithms for reconstructing phylogenetic trees at the level of populations using single nucleotide polymorphism data and at the level of species using multiple sequence alignment data. At the level of populations, we introduce a new inference method to estimate evolutionary distances for any two populations to their most recent common ancestral population using single-nucleotide polymorphism allele frequencies. Our method is based on a new evolutionary model for both drift and fixation. To scale this method to large numbers of populations, we introduce the asymmetric neighbor-joining algorithm, an efficient method for reconstructing rooted bifurcating trees. Asymmetric neighbor-joining provides a scalable rooting method applicable to any non-reversible evolutionary modelling setup. We explore the statistical properties of asymmetric neighbor-joining, and demonstrate its accuracy on synthetic data. We validate our method by reconstructing rooted phylogenetic trees from the Human Genome Diversity Panel data. Our results are obtained without using an outgroup, and are consistent with the prevalent recent single-origin model of human migration. At the level of species, we introduce a continuous time stochastic process, the geometric Poisson indel process, that allows indel rates to vary across sites. We design an efficient algorithm for computing the probability of a given multiple sequence alignment based on our new indel model. We describe a method to construct phylogeny estimates from a fixed alignment using neighbor-joining. Using simulation studies, we show that ignoring indel rate variation may have a detrimental effect on the accuracy of the inferred phylogenies, and that our proposed method can sidestep this issue by inferring latent indel rate categories. We also show that our phylogenetic inference method may be more stable to taxa subsampling in a real data experiment compared to some existing methods that either ignore indels or ignore indel rate variation.
Pulmonary Embolism Presenting as Pneumonia
Creators: name: Kahn-Leavitt, Anna
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Lung
subject: Pulmonary vessels
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Decision analysis
subject: Embolism / Thrombosis

description: Clinical History Image Findings Discussion Find Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis
description: female, 30 years
description: Clinical History: A 30-year-old woman presented with a three-week history of cough and haemoptysis unsuccessfully treated as an atypical pneumonia. After developing pleuritic pain and fever, further investigation with thoracocentesis and VATS pleural biopsy failed to demon... Final Diagnosis: Pulmonary embolism with pulmonary infarct.
Allocentric vs. egocentric neglect in stroke patients : the impact on functional outcomes
Creators: name: Upshaw, Jennifer
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: Objective: Few studies have investigated the assessment, frequency, and functional impact of egocentric and allocentric neglect among stroke patients. This study aimed to determine a) whether allocentric and egocentric neglect could be dissociated among a sample of stroke patients using eye-tracking technology, b) the frequencies of each neglect subtype and c) the nature of the relationship between neglect subtype and functional outcome. Method: Sixteen acute stroke patients were administered comprehensive neuropsychological (NP) assessment batteries, a pencil-and-paper Apples Test, and an eye-tracking measure of neglect subtype. Descriptive analyses were conducted on Apples Test and eye-tracking scores to determine their sensitivities in detecting neglect subtype. Hierarchical regression was used to determine predictive utility of the eye-tracking measure above that of both NP test performance and Apples Test neglect scores. ANOVA was used to investigate the relationships between neglect subtype and functional outcome. Results: The eye-tracking measure was more sensitive in identifying neglect subtype in patients than the traditional pen and paper Apples Test. Classification of neglect subtype based on eye-tracking performance was a significant predictor of functional outcome beyond that accounted for by both NP test performance and traditional Apples Test neglect classification. Patients with no neglect symptoms had superior functional outcomes compared to patients with either or both types of neglect. Patients with both types of neglect had significantly poorer functional outcomes than those with either subtype, or no neglect. Functional outcomes of patients with either allocentric or egocentric neglect did not differ significantly from each other. Conclusion: Neglect subtype classification contributes independently to the prediction of functional status above and beyond that of neuropsychological test performance, and is a better predictor of function than traditional measures of allocentric and egocentric neglect. The significant relationship between neglect subtype and functional outcome highlights the importance of sensitive assessment and identification of neglect subtype amongst stroke patients to better predict prognosis and inform improved rehabilitative treatment planning.
A Classical Approach to Handcrafted Feature Extraction Techniques for Bangla Handwritten Digit Recognition
Creators: name: Wahid, Md. Ferdous
name: Shahriar, Md. Fahim
name: Sobuj, Md. Shohanur Islam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Bangla Handwritten Digit recognition is a significant step forward in the development of Bangla OCR. However, intricate shape, structural likeness and distinctive composition style of Bangla digits makes it relatively challenging to distinguish. Thus, in this paper, we benchmarked four rigorous classifiers to recognize Bangla Handwritten Digit: K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), and Gradient-Boosted Decision Trees (GBDT) based on three handcrafted feature extraction techniques: Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG), Local Binary Pattern (LBP), and Gabor filter on four publicly available Bangla handwriting digits datasets: NumtaDB, CMARTdb, Ekush and BDRW. Here, handcrafted feature extraction methods are used to extract features from the dataset image, which are then utilized to train machine learning classifiers to identify Bangla handwritten digits. We further fine-tuned the hyperparameters of the classification algorithms in order to acquire the finest Bangla handwritten digits recognition performance from these algorithms, and among all the models we employed, the HOG features combined with SVM model (HOG+SVM) attained the best performance metrics across all datasets. The recognition accuracy of the HOG+SVM method on the NumtaDB, CMARTdb, Ekush and BDRW datasets reached 93.32%, 98.08%, 95.68% and 89.68%, respectively as well as we compared the model performance with recent state-of-art methods.
String Modular Phases in Calabi-Yau Families
Creators: name: Kadir, Shabnam
name: Lynker, Monika
name: Schimmrigk, Rolf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate the structure of singular Calabi-Yau varieties in moduli spaces that contain a Brieskorn-Pham point. Our main tool is a construction of families of deformed motives over the parameter space. We analyze these motives for general fibers and explicitly compute the $L-$series for singular fibers for several families. We find that the resulting motivic $L-$functions agree with the $L-$series of modular forms whose weight depends both on the rank of the motive and the degree of the degeneration of the variety. Surprisingly, these motivic $L-$functions are identical in several cases to $L-$series derived from weighted Fermat hypersurfaces. This shows that singular Calabi-Yau spaces of non-conifold type can admit a string worldsheet interpretation, much like rational theories, and that the corresponding irrational conformal field theories inherit information from the Gepner conformal field theory of the weighted Fermat fiber of the family. These results suggest that phase transitions via non-conifold configurations are physically plausible. In the case of severe degenerations we find a dimensional transmutation of the motives. This suggests further that singular configurations with non-conifold singularities may facilitate transitions between Calabi-Yau varieties of different dimensions.
description: 34 pages
ARPD: Anchor-free Rotation-aware People Detection using Topview Fisheye Camera
Creators: name: Minh, Quan Nguyen
name: Van, Bang Le
name: Nguyen, Can
name: Le, Anh
name: Nguyen, Viet Dung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: People detection in top-view, fish-eye images is challenging as people in fish-eye images often appear in arbitrary directions and are distorted differently. Due to this unique radial geometry, axis-aligned people detectors often work poorly on fish-eye frames. Recent works account for this variability by modifying existing anchor-based detectors or relying on complex pre/post-processing. Anchor-based methods spread a set of pre-defined bounding boxes on the input image, most of which are invalid. In addition to being inefficient, this approach could lead to a significant imbalance between the positive and negative anchor boxes. In this work, we propose ARPD, a single-stage anchor-free fully convolutional network to detect arbitrarily rotated people in fish-eye images. Our network uses keypoint estimation to find the center point of each object and regress the object's other properties directly. To capture the various orientation of people in fish-eye cameras, in addition to the center and size, ARPD also predicts the angle of each bounding box. We also propose a periodic loss function that accounts for angle periodicity and relieves the difficulty of learning small-angle oscillations. Experimental results show that our method competes favorably with state-of-the-art algorithms while running significantly faster.
description: 2021 17th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Video and Signal Based Surveillance (AVSS)
E-Learning-Förderung für Hochschulen in Baden-Württemberg
Creators: name: Scholze, Frank
name: Bruckner, Iris
name: Cress, Ulrike
name: Schmitt-Illert, Rebekka
name: Thillosen, Anne
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2010

description: Bereits in den 1990er Jahren hat das Land Baden-Württemberg durch umfangreiche Fördermaßnahmen die Entwicklung und Implementierung von E-Learning an den Landeshochschulen unterstützt, u.a. durch das Programm „Virtuelle Hochschule Baden-Württemberg“ (1998 bis 2003). Die folgende Darstellung beginnt mit einem zusammenfassenden Rückblick auf die dabei erzielten Ergebnisse und die gewonnenen Erfahrungen (Abschnitt 1). Vor diesem Hintergrund werden Zielsetzung und Ausrichtung der aktuell von 2006 bis 2010 geförderten Initiativen vorgestellt (Abschnitt 2). Der Schwerpunkt des Beitrags liegt dann in der Beschreibung der miteinander verbundenen E-Learning-Portale e-teaching.org und virtuelle-hochschule.de sowie dem Programm Master Online (Abschnitt 3). Abschließend erfolgt ein kurzer Ausblick auf die weitere Planung ab dem Jahr 2011 (Abschnitt 4).
Lopsided Gauge Mediation
Creators: name: De Simone, Andrea
name: Franceschini, Roberto
name: Giudice, Gian Francesco
name: Pappadopulo, Duccio
name: Rattazzi, Riccardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been recently pointed out that the unavoidable tuning among supersymmetric parameters required to raise the Higgs boson mass beyond its experimental limit opens up new avenues for dealing with the so called $μ$-$B_μ$ problem of gauge mediation. In fact, it allows for accommodating, with no further parameter tuning, large values of $B_μ$ and of the other Higgs-sector soft masses, as predicted in models where both $μ$ and $B_μ$ are generated at one-loop order. This class of models, called Lopsided Gauge Mediation, offers an interesting alternative to conventional gauge mediation and is characterized by a strikingly different phenomenology, with light higgsinos, very large Higgs pseudoscalar mass, and moderately light sleptons. We discuss general parametric relations involving the fine-tuning of the model and various observables such as the chargino mass and the value of $\tanβ$. We build an explicit model and we study the constraints coming from LEP and Tevatron. We show that in spite of new interactions between the Higgs and the messenger superfields, the theory can remain perturbative up to very large scales, thus retaining gauge coupling unification.
description: 28 pages, 2 appendices, 10 figures
Akteur:innen bei Open-Access-Publikationen in den Geisteswissenschaften: Stakeholder-Mapping im Projekt AuROA
Creators: name: Fadeeva, Yuliya
name: Laugwitz, Matthias
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Geisteswissenschaften
Buchpublikationen
Stakeholder
AuROA

description: OA-Publizieren im Bereich der deutschsprachigen Geisteswissenschaften unterscheidet sich sowohl in seinen spezifischen Anforderungen als auch Problematiken von den Mainstream-Themen und Fragen des Open Access. Die Besonderheit dieses Bereichs ist gegeben durch die disziplinär bedingt dominante Rolle des Buchs und eine kleinteilige Landschaft kleiner und mittelständischer, teilweise sehr spezialisierter Verlage.
 Die Akteur:innen in diesem Publikationsprozess sind sehr heterogen – Autor:innen, Bibliotheken, Verlage, Dienstleister, Communities, Konsortien und Initiativen, aber auch Politik und Forschungsförderung sowie Gesellschaft. Sie haben nicht nur unterschiedliche Perspektiven auf die Transformation zu Open Access, sondern auch zunehmend veränderte Aufgaben und Rollenzuschreibungen.
 Auf der einen Seite zeigen viele Stakeholder eine hohe Partizipations- und Transformationsbereitschaft und kooperieren in innovativen Projekten zur Förderung von Open Access. Auf der anderen Seite bestehen zwischen ihnen teilweise beträchtliche Interessenskonflikte und ein hohes Maß an Verunsicherung durch eine unklare Gesamtlage. Die Stakeholder haben perspektivenabhängige Pain Points in Bezug auf Workflows, Desiderata und Anforderungen an hochwertige OA-Buchpublikationen.
 Das Poster bietet eine Übersicht der Situation, indem es das komplexe Geflecht aus Akteur:innen in ihren OA-bedingten Rollen, Finanzierungen und Problemzuordnungen im Clusterformat abbildet. Besonderer Fokus liegt auf den multiplen Aufgaben und Beteiligungen der Autor:innen und Universitätsbibliotheken. Beiden Gruppen kommt im Open-Access-Publizieren in den Geisteswissenschaften eine zunehmend aktivere und einflussreichere Position zu.
 Das Poster entstammt den Stakeholder-Workshops des BMBF-geförderten Projekts “AuROA – Autor:innen und Rechtssicherheit für Open Access”, das von der Universitätsbibliothek Duisburg-Essen zusammen mit der Buchwissenschaft an der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität (Mainz) und der IST-Hochschule für Management (Düsseldorf) durchgeführt wird. AuROA vernetzt die Akteur:innen im geisteswissenschaftlichen Publizieren und entwickelt verlässliche Standards in Form modularer Musterverträge für vielfältige OA-Publikationsformen.
Fan-out in Gene Regulatory Networks
Creators: name: Kim, Kyung Hyuk
name: Sauro, Herbert M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In synthetic biology, gene regulatory circuits are often constructed by combining smaller circuit components. Connections between components are achieved by transcription factors acting on promoters. If the individual components behave as true modules and certain module interface conditions are satisfied, the function of the composite circuits can in principle be predicted. In this paper, we investigate one of the interface conditions: fan-out. We quantify the fan-out, a concept widely used in electric engineering, to indicate the maximum number of the downstream inputs that an upstream output transcription factor can regulate. We show that the fan-out is closely related to retroactivity studied by Del Vecchio, et al. We propose an efficient operational method for measuring the fan-out that can be applied to various types of module interfaces. We also show that the fan-out can be enhanced by self-inhibitory regulation on the output. We discuss the potential role of the inhibitory regulations found in gene regulatory networks and protein signal pathways. The proposed estimation method for fanout not only provides an experimentally efficient way for quantifying the level of modularity in gene regulatory circuits but also helps characterize and design module interfaces, enabling the modular construction of gene circuits.
description: 28 pages, 5 figures
Incorporating Dynamic Mean-Field Theory into Diagrammatic Monte Carlo
Creators: name: Pollet, L.
name: Prokof'ev, N. V.
name: Svistunov, B. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The bold diagrammatic Monte Carlo (BDMC) method performs an unbiased sampling of Feynman's diagrammatic series using skeleton diagrams. For lattice models the efficiency of BDMC can be dramatically improved by incorporating dynamic mean-field theory (DMFT) solutions into renormalized propagators. From the DMFT perspective, combining it with BDCM leads to an unbiased method with well-defined accuracy. We illustrate the power of this approach by computing the single-particle propagator (and thus the density of states) in the non-perturbative regime of the Anderson localization problem, where a gain of the order of $10^4$ is achieved with respect to conventional BDMC in terms of convergence to the exact answer.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
HI asymmetries in the isolated galaxy CIG 292
Creators: name: Portas, António
name: Scott, Tom C.
name: Brinks, Elias
name: Bosma, Albert
name: Verdes-Montenegro, Lourdes
name: Heesen, Volker
name: Espada, Daniel
name: Verley, Simon
name: Sulentic, Jack
name: Sengupta, Chandreyee
name: Athanassoula, E.
name: Yun, Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Expanded Very Large Array (EVLA) D-array observations in the 21-cm line of neutral hydrogen (HI) of CIG 292, an isolated SA(s)b galaxy at a distance of ~ 24.3Mpc. From previous HI single dish observations the galaxy was known to have a mildly asymmetric HI profile (A_flux =1.23 {\pm}0.3). Our EVLA observations show there is ~ 12% more HI projected South of the optical centre (approaching velocities) than in the North (receding velocities), despite the HI extending ~ 16% further to the North than the South. The HI projected within the optical disk must have been perturbed within the HI relaxation time (~ 10^8 yr) which implies that this can not have been caused by any of the three nearest companions, as their distance (~ 0.5Mpc) is too large. Neither HI-rich companions nor tidal tails were found within our field of view and velocity range covered. Our kinematical data suggest that the inner part harbors an oval distortion whereas the outer regions show signs of a modest warp. The mild asymmetry in the HI global profile thus actually masks stronger asymmetries in the two-dimensional distributions of gas and star forming regions in this galaxy. Since the galaxy is isolated, this must predominantly be due to processes related to its formation and secular evolution.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Hamiltonian Flow in Coulomb Gauge Yang-Mills Theory
Creators: name: Leder, Markus
name: Pawlowski, Jan M.
name: Reinhardt, Hugo
name: Weber, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a new functional renormalization group equation for Hamiltonian Yang-Mills theory in Coulomb gauge. The flow equations for the static gluon and ghost propagators are solved under the assumption of ghost dominance within different diagrammatic approximations. The results are compared to those obtained in the variational approach and the reliability of the approximations is discussed.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures
A Markov Decision Model for a Surveillance Application and Risk-Sensitive Markov Decision Processes
Creators: name: Ott, Jonathan Theodor
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2010
Subjects: Markov decision process
index rule
heuristics
average value-at-risk

description: First, we model the dynamics of threat of an infrastructure as a continuous-time Markov decision process. Several structural results are derived. Furthermore, the model is approximately solved by using an index-based heuristics.
Second, we consider discrete-time Markov decision processes. The criterion is to minimize the average value-at-risk for the discounted cost over a finite and over an infinite horizon. Moreover, the average value-at-risk criterion is considered for the average cost.
AmFm and lithium gap stars: Stellar evolution models with mass loss
Creators: name: Vick, Mathieu
name: Michaud, Georges
name: Richer, Jacques
name: Richard, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A thorough study of the effects of mass loss on internal and surface abundances of A and F stars is carried out in order to constrain mass loss rates for these stars, as well as further elucidate some of the processes which compete with atomic diffusion. Self-consistent stellar evolution models of 1.3 to 2.5 M_sun stars including atomic diffusion and radiative accelerations for all species within the OPAL opacity database were computed with mass loss and compared to observations as well as previous calculations with turbulent mixing. Models with unseparated mass loss rates between 5 x 10^-14 and 10^-13 M_sun/yr reproduce observations for many cluster AmFm stars as well as Sirius A and o Leonis. These models also explain cool Fm stars, but not the Hyades lithium gap. Like turbulent mixing, these mass loss rates reduce surface abundance anomalies; however, their effects are very different with respect to internal abundances. For most of the main sequence lifetime of an A or F star, surface abundances in the presence of such mass loss depend on separation which takes place between log(Delta M/M_star)= -6 and -5. The current observational constraints do not allow us to conclude that mass loss is to be preferred over turbulent mixing (induced by rotation or otherwise) in order to explain the AmFm phenomenon. Internal concentration variations which could be detectable through asteroseismic tests should provide further information. If atomic diffusion coupled with mass loss are to explain the Hyades Li gap, the wind would need to be separated.
description: 27 pages, 25 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Representation and lawmaking in the United States Congress and the Canadian House of Commons
Creators: name: McAndrews, John Russell
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: This dissertation considers two aspects of legislative representation: (1) how citizens use information about legislative activities and outcomes to assess the performance of the US president and the congressional majority party, and (2) why Canadian MPs debate government bills—even when the government controls the outcome. An investigation of these questions is divided into three principal chapters. First, I examine the effects of legislative outcomes on citizens’ assessment of the president and the majority party in Congress. Prominent theories of legislative behavior argue—and media pundits often assert—that Americans reward these actors if they succeed in passing their bills. But what if the bill is divisive, as is likely the case with well-publicized legislation? Using survey experiments, I show that, on average, citizens still express greater approval for the president and the majority party if Congress passes their ideologically contentious bills—compared with if Congress does not pass them. However, I also find that this reward is typically concentrated among those who already favor the underlying policy change; among policy opponents, the effect is often statistically indistinguishable from zero. Second, I investigate the sophistication of citizens’ judgments of legislative performance. Specifically, do inferential biases—common in other domains—interfere with how citizens evaluate the president and the congressional majority party in light of bill failure? Again using survey experiments, I find that citizens avoid the serious inferential mistake of treating these actors as if they had performed poorly. Instead, I show that their assessments—even in the absence of diagnostic information about those involved—are broadly consistent with realistic beliefs about legislative performance and the obstacles to success in Congress. Third, I explore why Canadian MPs debate government bills. Whereas recent research tends to emphasize legislative speech as a means of communicating with the electorate, the particular rules of government bill debate—coupled with the relatively low visibility of such deliberations—suggest alternative motivations. Using an original dataset of 53 debates, I find no evidence of personal vote seeking; instead, I find patterns of debate participation consistent with attempted obstruction by bill opponents and attempted persuasion by bill proponents.
Julie Duvigneau - The Persian Whitman Beyond a Literary Reception
Creators: name: Fomeshi, Behnam
name: Duvigneau, Julie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 200524 Comparative Literature Studies
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 200523 Middle Eastern Literature

description: A review of The Persian Whitman in Abstracta Iranica (Vol. 42-43)
CLIMATE CHANGE AND ITS EFFECT ON THE FORMATION OF VEGETABLE PLANT YIELD IN THE CONDITIONS OF UKRAINE
Creators: name: Vdovenko, S.
name: Palamarchuk, I.
Publisher: name: The Scientific Heritage
Year: 2020
Subjects: vegetable plants
weather conditions
temperature
yield
climate
changes

description: The results of studies on the formation of vegetable plants under the effect of climate change in Ukraine are presented. At the global and regional levels of climate change, since the beginning of the 21st century the world countries, including Ukraine, have dealt with a number of extremely important and complex tasks related to the development of state security strategy and support of sustainable development in the conditions of climate change. Climate change experienced in recent years indicates a significant deviation of the system from the norm at the global biosphere level. These deviations are of great concern for the humanity, including the population of Ukraine. Changes in weather conditions in the territory of Ukraine have caused an increase in the air temperature, which in its turn results in the rainless period, in particular during the growing season of crops, including vegetable plants.
X-ray spectral diagnostics of activity in massive stars
Creators: name: Cohen, David H.
name: Wollman, Emma E.
name: Leutenegger, Maurice A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-rays give direct evidence of instabilities, time-variable structure, and shock heating in the winds of O stars. The observed broad X-ray emission lines provide information about the kinematics of shock-heated wind plasma, enabling us to test wind-shock models. And their shapes provide information about wind absorption, and thus about the wind mass-loss rates. Mass-loss rates determined from X-ray line profiles are not sensitive to density-squared clumping effects, and indicate mass-loss rate reductions of factors of 3 to 6 over traditional diagnostics that suffer from density-squared effects. Broad-band X-ray spectral energy distributions also provide mass-loss rate information via soft X-ray absorption signatures. In some cases, the degree of wind absorption is so high that the hardening of the X-ray SED can be quite significant. We discuss these results as applied to the early O stars zeta Pup (O4 If), 9 Sgr (O4 V((f))), and HD 93129A (O2 If*).
description: To appear in the proceedings of IAU 272: Active OB Stars
Water depletion in the disk atmosphere of Herbig AeBe stars
Creators: name: Fedele, D.
name: Pascucci, I.
name: Brittain, S.
name: Kamp, I.
name: Woitke, P.
name: Williams, J. P.
name: Dent, W. R. F.
name: Thi, W. -F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high resolution (R = 100,000) L-band spectroscopy of 11 Herbig AeBe stars with circumstellar disks. The observations were obtained with the VLT/CRIRES to detect hot water and hydroxyl radical emission lines previously detected in disks around T Tauri stars. OH emission lines are detected towards 4 disks. The OH P4.5 (1+,1-) doublet is spectrally resolved as well as the velocity profile of each component of the doublet. Its characteristic double-peak profile demonstrates that the gas is in Keplerian rotation and points to an emitting region extending out to ~ 15-30 AU. The OH, emission correlates with disk geometry as it is mostly detected towards flaring disks. None of the Herbig stars analyzed here show evidence of hot water vapor at a sensitivity similar to that of the OH lines. The non-detection of hot water vapor emission indicates that the atmosphere of disks around Herbig AeBe stars are depleted of water molecules. Assuming LTE and optically thin emission we derive a lower limit to the OH/H2O column density ratio > 1 - 25 in contrast to T Tauri disks for which the column density ratio is 0.3 -- 0.4.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ