Hydrellia wirthi Korytkowski 1982
Creators: name: Júnior, Francisco De Assis Rodrigues
name: Mathis, Wayne Nielsen
name: Couri, Márcia Souto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Ephydridae
Hydrellia
Hydrellia wirthi

description: Hydrellia wirthi Korytkowski 1982
(Figs.: 4.5, 14.1–14.8 and 15)
Hydrellia wirthi Korytkowski, 1982: 2 (description of male and female; biology; host plants). Holotype male, Universidad Nacional Pedro Ruíz Gallo, Chiclayo, Peru (not located). Type-locality: Peru, Lambayeque, Ferreñafe (6°20'0''S, 79°30'0''W *); Mathis et al. 2006 (redescription; pest in United States); Pantoja et al. 1993: 1820–1823 (pest in Colombia); Pantoja & Salazar 1993: 378–379 (ovipositional preference); Salazar et al. 1993: 38–40 (biology); Mathis & Zatwarnicki 1995: 94 (world catalog).
Diagnosis. Body length of male 1.91–2.22 mm; female 2.40–2.46 mm; fronto-orbital plate often dark brown or black, contrasting with olivaceous gray to tan microtomentose frontal vitta and essentially concolorous frontoorbits; antenna mostly grayish dark brown to black; scape grayish dark brown; pedicel more densely grayish brown microtomentose dorsally, bearing 1 distinct spine like setae dorsally and 1 well-developed setula behind this; first flagellomere light grayish black, with dense, short, sparse, pale microtomentum dorsoapically; 6–8 dorsal rays; face narrow, in lateral view nearly vertical with only slightly distinct dorsomedial elevation and indistinct antennal grooves; facial color in anterior view varying, light tan or silvery white microtomentose; 5–7 (usually 6) primary facial setae, sometimes with a minute, shallowly declinate secondary facial setula dorsally; dorsocentral setae 0+1; postpronotum and notopleuron mostly concolorous, light bluish gray microtomentose, contrasting with grayish brown to brown microtomentose scutum and scutellum; anteroventral margin of notopleuron, especially around base of anterior seta grayish brown to brown (fig. 4.5); pleuron and lateral margins of abdomen light bluish gray or light gray microtomentose (fig. 4.5); ctenidial setae along anteroventral margin of forefemur well developed; trochanters, femorotibial joints, and most of tarsi light to dark yellow, becoming brown apically; surstylus with a deep, narrow, medial sulcus on apical half and a smaller, lateral cleft forming a lateral, narrow process (fig. 14.1 and 14.7), in lateral view with a prominent, elongate keel-like carina at merger of surstylus on basal half (fig. 14.8).
Description. Head: fronto-orbital plate often dark brown or black, contrasting with olivaceous gray to tan microtomentose frontal vitta and essentially concolorous fronto-orbits; postocellar setae usually three times length of ocellar seta; antenna mostly grayish dark brown to black; scape black; pedicel more densely microtomentose dorsally, bearing 1 distinct spine like setae dorsally and 1 well-developed setula behind this; pedicel bearing 2–3 well-developed ventral setulae; first flagellomere light grayish black to black with dense, short, sparse pale microtomentum dorsoapically; 6–8 dorsal rays; face in lateral view nearly vertical with dorsal medial elevation only slightly distinct and with indistinct antennal grooves; facial color in anterior view varying, usually with shiny, silvery white microtomentum but sometimes light tan; lunule concolorous with face; parafacial narrow, very thin dorsad of midfacial height, concolorous with face, becoming wider ventrally onto light gray microtomentose gena; 5–7 primary facial setae, sometimes with a minute shallowly declinate dorsal secondary facial setula; maxillary palpus light yellow, somewhat roundly spatulate and with usually 4–5 dark setulae; gena, postgena and occiput light bluish gray, 1 genal seta, rarely with 1 postgenal setula well developed; epistomal ratio: 1.83–2.34; mesofacial ratio: 2.44–3.74; vertex ratio: 6.49–7.88; eye-to-gena ratio: 6.45–7.76; head ratio: 1.16–1.33.
Thorax: postpronotum and notopleuron mostly concolorous, light bluish gray microtomentose, contrasting with grayish brown to brown microtomentose scutum and scutellum; anteroventral margin of notopleuron, especially around base of anterior seta grayish brown to brown (fig. 4.5); pleuron and lateral margins of abdomen light bluish gray or light gray microtomentose (fig. 4.5); dorsocentral setae 0+1; 1 mesokatepisternal seta; 1 postpronotal seta. Wings: length 2.20–2.64 mm; hyaline; veins light yellowish brown; knob of halter light yellow, stem orange yellow; costal sections indices: II/I: 2.33–2.50; III/IV: 2.66–3.17; V/IV: 3.21–4.01; vein M ratio: 3.64– 4.63. Legs: light gray or bluish gray microtomentose; trochanters, femorotibial joints, and most of tarsi light to dark yellow, becoming brown apically; apices of fore tibia and sometimes mid and hind tibiae dark yellow to brown; ctenidial setae along anteroventral margin of forefemur well developed.
Abdomen: tergites in posterodorsal view subshiny, grayish brown microtomentose, light gray to bluish gray microtomentose laterally and ventrally; anterodorsal corners of syntergite 1+2 to tergite 5 grayish brown microtomentose when in lateral view. Male terminalia: sternite 5 attached with anterior margin of hypandrium, each lateral arm deeply cleft, forming a medial, narrow, elongate, shallowly sinuous process bearing apical setulae (figs. 14.1 and 14.7); epandrium forming an inverted U around cerci (fig. 14.1); surstylus with a deep, narrow, medial sulcus on apical half and a smaller, lateral cleft forming a lateral, narrow process, in lateral view with a prominent, elongate keel-like carina at merger of surstylus on basal half; postsurstylus in ventral view generally narrowly triangular, elongate, apex with medial, tooth-like, robust seta (figs. 14.1 and 14.7); pregonite simple, rodlike (figs. 14.1 and 14.2); aedeagus in ventral view very slightly tapered from base to apex, apex moderately rounded (fig. 14.3), in lateral view with base narrow, shallowly curved, thereafter expanded toward broad apex with a pointed, recurved, anteroapical process (fig. 14.4); phallapodeme in lateral view shallowly bifurcate at attachment to hypandrium, narrowly rounded at attachment with base of aedeagus (fig. 14.6), in ventral view greatly expanded laterally, flange-like at aedeagal terminus, bifurcate at hypandrial terminus (fig. 14.5). Female terminalia: tergite 5 as long as wide, tapered laterally, posterior margin very obtusely pointed to broadly rounded, other posterior tergites mostly retracted within fifth; sternite 5 more or less rectangular, about twice as long as wide; tergite 6 wide, with lateral extensions becoming wider; sternite 6 slightly wider than long, roundly quadrate; tergite 7 about half as wide as tergite 6, very short; sternite 7 three times wider than long, transversely strap-like, lateral margins slightly curved posteriorly; eighth tergite forming an inverted U around cerci; tergite 8 divided, as two ovate sclerites at lateral margins of hypoproct; hypoproct small, as large as wide; ventral receptacle with cap cupuliform, higher than wide, extended process J-shaped in lateral view.
Material examined. Brazil. Pará. Furo do Jurupari (2°40'0''S, 52°59'0''W *), X.1970. Exp. Perm. Amaz. (1 male; MZUSP). Paraná, Bocaiúva do Sul (25°14.9'S, 49°8.9'W; 890 m), 2–4.XI.2010, D. and W. N. Mathis (1 male, 1 female; MNRJ). Paraná, Foz do Iguaçú (25°30.1'S, 54°32.4'W), 26.VIII.2000, D. and W. N. Mathis (1 male; USNM). Santa Catarina. Nova Teutônia (27°11'S, 52°23'E; 300–500 m), X.1970; Fritz Plaumann (1 female; MZUSP).
Distribution. Nearctic: United States (Louisiana, Texas). Neotropical: Colombia, Costa Rica, Peru and Brazil (Pará, Paraná and Santa Catarina).
Notes. Hydrellia wirthi is recorded for the first time from Brazil. Korytkowski (1982) and Mathis et al. (2006) illustrated sternite 5 of H. wirthi as V-shaped, but in Brazilian specimens it has another shape once it is partially separated from hypandrium, as in figs. 14.1 and 14.2, with the dorsal half similar to H. griseola. This species is morphologically very similar to others from griseola species group recorded from Brazil, mainly H. vilelai sp. nov. and H. simplex sp. nov., being necessary the analyses of male or female terminalia to distinguish them.
description: Published as part of Júnior, Francisco De Assis Rodrigues, Mathis, Wayne Nielsen & Couri, Márcia Souto, 2014, Hydrellia Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Ephydridae) from Brazil with an emphasis on the faunas from the states of Parana and Rio de Janeiro, pp. 501-541 in Zootaxa 3753 (6) on pages 519-521, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3753.6.1, http://zenodo.org/record/226733