cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 286.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 26.11.2006, 11:30, erstellt von Andrea Manna
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2006

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Stability of the $ω$ structure of transition elements
Creators: name: Ikeda, Yuji
name: Tanaka, Isao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Properties of the $ω$ structure are investigated for 27 transition elements from the viewpoints of thermodynamical and mechanical stability based on first-principles calculations. The thermodynamical stability of the $ω$ structure is compared with those for the body-centered cubic (BCC), face-centered cubic (FCC), and hexagonal close-packed (HCP) structures. Similarly to the case of those popular crystal structures, the occupation number for $d$ orbitals is found to roughly determine relative energy and volume of the nonmagnetic (NM) $ω$ structure. For the group 4 elements (Ti, Zr, and Hf), the $ω$ structure is almost the lowest in energy among the investigated crystal structures and is also mechanically stable. The $ω$ structure of the group 7 elements (Mn, Tc, and Re) is also mechanically stable. The $ω$ Fe is found to exhibit a complicated magnetic state that is different from the ferromagnetic (FM) and NM ones. This magnetic state is the most favorable among the investigated magnetic states. The $ω$ Fe in this magnetic state is also mechanically stable. Energies of binary alloys composed of the elements in the group 4 and those in the groups 5 and 6 are estimated by linear interpolation, and most of the alloys show concentration ranges where the $ω$ structure is the lowest in energy among the investigated crystal structures.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 137.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 10.06.2006, 07:45, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2006

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 48.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 27.02.2006, 08:15, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2006

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Quasilinear Choquard equations involving N-Laplacian and critical exponential nonlinearity
Creators: name: Biswas, Reshmi
name: Goyal, Sarika
name: Sreenadh, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the present paper, we study a class of quasilinear Choquard equations involving $N$-Laplacian and the nonlinearity with the critical exponential growth. We discuss the existence of positive solutions of such equations.
description: 19 pages
Secret sharing of a quantum state
Creators: name: Lu, He
name: Zhang, Zhen
name: Chen, Luo-Kan
name: Li, Zheng-Da
name: Liu, Chang
name: Li, Li
name: Liu, Nai-Le
name: Ma, Xiongfeng
name: Chen, Yu-Ao
name: Pan, Jian-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Secret sharing of a quantum state, or quantum secret sharing, in which a dealer wants to share certain amount of quantum information with a few players, has wide applications in quantum information. The critical criterion in a threshold secret sharing scheme is confidentiality, with less than the designated number of players, no information can be recovered. Furthermore, in a quantum scenario, one additional critical criterion exists, the capability of sharing entangled and unknown quantum information. Here by employing a six-photon entangled state, we demonstrate a quantum threshold scheme, where the shared quantum secrecy can be efficiently reconstructed with a state fidelity as high as 93%. By observing that any one or two parties cannot recover the secrecy, we show that our scheme meets the confidentiality criterion. Meanwhile, we also demonstrate that entangled quantum information can be shared and recovered via our setting, which demonstrates that our implemented scheme is fully quantum. Moreover, our experimental setup can be treated as a decoding circuit of the 5-qubit quantum error-correcting code with two erasure errors.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
Multiple pendulum and nonuniform distribution of average kinetic energy
Creators: name: Konishi, Tetsuro
name: Yanagita, Tatsuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multiple pendulums are investigated numerically and analytically to clarify the nonuniformity of average kinetic energies of particles. The nonuniformity is attributed to the system having constraints and it is consistent with the generalized principle of the equipartition of energy. With the use of explicit expression for Hamiltonian of a multiple pendulum, approximate expressions for temporal and statistical average of kinetic energies are obtained, where the average energies are expressed in terms of masses of particles. In a typical case, the average kinetic energy is large for particles near the end of the pendulum and small for those near the root. Moreover, the exact analytic expressions for the average kinetic energy of the particles are obtained for a double pendulum.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures; refernces added
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 245.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 05.10.2006, 07:15, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2006

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Two step clustering for data reduction combining DBSCAN and k-means clustering
Creators: name: Kremers, Bart J. J.
name: Ho, Aaron
name: Citrin, Jonathan
name: van de Plassche, Karel L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.0

description: A novel combination of two widely-used clustering algorithms is proposed here for the detection and reduction of high data density regions. The Density Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN) algorithm is used for the detection of high data density regions and the k-means algorithm for reduction. The proposed algorithm iterates while successively decrementing the DBSCAN search radius, allowing for an adaptive reduction factor based on the effective data density. The algorithm is demonstrated for a physics simulation application, where a surrogate model for fusion reactor plasma turbulence is generated with neural networks. A training dataset for the surrogate model is created with a quasilinear gyrokinetics code for turbulent transport calculations in fusion plasmas. The training set consists of model inputs derived from a repository of experimental measurements, meaning there is a potential risk of over-representing specific regions of this input parameter space. By applying the proposed reduction algorithm to this dataset, this study demonstrates that the training dataset can be reduced by a factor ~20 using the proposed algorithm, without a noticeable loss in the surrogate model accuracy. This reduction provides a novel way of analyzing existing high-dimensional datasets for biases and consequently reducing them, which lowers the cost of re-populating that parameter space with higher quality data.
Lattices with skew-Hermitian forms over division algebras and unlikely intersections
Creators: name: Daw, Christopher
name: Orr, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11E39, 11G18

description: This paper has two objectives. First, we study lattices with skew-Hermitian forms over division algebras with positive involutions. For division algebras of Albert types I and II, we show that such a lattice contains an "orthogonal" basis for a sublattice of effectively bounded index. Second, we apply this result to obtain new results in the field of unlikely intersections. More specifically, we prove the Zilber-Pink conjecture for the intersection of curves with special subvarieties of simple PEL type I and II under a large Galois orbits conjecture. We also prove this Galois orbits conjecture for certain cases of type II.
description: 63 pages, corrections to typos and other minor errors
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 113.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 16.05.2006, 08:00, erstellt von Renzo Ramelli
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2006

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 132.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 05.06.2006, 09:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2006

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 101.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 01.05.2006, 08:45, erstellt von Andrea Manna
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2006

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 146.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 19.06.2006, 07:15, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2006

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
On the bicycle transformation and the filament equation: results and conjectures
Creators: name: Tabachnikov, Serge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The paper concerns a simple model of bicycle kinematics: a bicycle is represented by an oriented segment of constant length in n-dimensional space that can move in such a way that the velocity of its rear end is aligned with the segment (the rear wheel is fixed on the bicycle frame). Starting with a closed trajectory of the rear end, one obtains the two respective trajectories of the front end, corresponding to the opposite directions of motion. These two curves are said to be in the bicycle correspondence. Conjecturally, this correspondence is completely integrable; we present a number of results substantiating this conjecture. In dimension three, the bicycle correspondence is the Backlund transformation for the filament equation; we discuss bi-Hamiltonian features of the bicycle correspondence and its integrals.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 31.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 05.02.2006, 13:00, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2006

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Total-Body Low-Dose CT Image Denoising using Prior Knowledge Transfer Technique with Contrastive Regularization Mechanism
Creators: name: Fu, Minghan
name: Duan, Yanhua
name: Cheng, Zhaoping
name: Qin, Wenjian
name: Wang, Ying
name: Liang, Dong
name: Hu, Zhanli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reducing the radiation exposure for patients in Total-body CT scans has attracted extensive attention in the medical imaging community. Given the fact that low radiation dose may result in increased noise and artifacts, which greatly affected the clinical diagnosis. To obtain high-quality Total-body Low-dose CT (LDCT) images, previous deep-learning-based research work has introduced various network architectures. However, most of these methods only adopt Normal-dose CT (NDCT) images as ground truths to guide the training of the denoising network. Such simple restriction leads the model to less effectiveness and makes the reconstructed images suffer from over-smoothing effects. In this paper, we propose a novel intra-task knowledge transfer method that leverages the distilled knowledge from NDCT images to assist the training process on LDCT images. The derived architecture is referred to as the Teacher-Student Consistency Network (TSC-Net), which consists of the teacher network and the student network with identical architecture. Through the supervision between intermediate features, the student network is encouraged to imitate the teacher network and gain abundant texture details. Moreover, to further exploit the information contained in CT scans, a contrastive regularization mechanism (CRM) built upon contrastive learning is introduced.CRM performs to pull the restored CT images closer to the NDCT samples and push far away from the LDCT samples in the latent space. In addition, based on the attention and deformable convolution mechanism, we design a Dynamic Enhancement Module (DEM) to improve the network transformation capability.
description: Want to improve the methodology
Entropy production within a pulsed Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Heinisch, Christoph
name: Holthaus, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest to subject anharmonically trapped Bose-Einstein condensates to sinusoidal forcing with a smooth, slowly changing envelope, and to measure the coherence of the system after such pulses. In a series of measurements with successively increased maximum forcing strength one then expects an adiabatic return of the condensate to its initial state as long as the pulses remain sufficiently weak. In contrast, once the maximum driving amplitude exceeds a certain critical value there should be a drastic loss of coherence, reflecting significant heating induced by the pulse. This predicted experimental signature is traced to the loss of an effective adiabatic invariant, and to the ensuing breakdown of adiabatic motion of the system's Floquet state when the many-body dynamics become chaotic. Our scenario is illustrated with the help of a two-site model of a forced bosonic Josephson junction, but should also hold for other, experimentally accessible configurations.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures
Operator Growth from Global Out-of-time-order Correlators
Creators: name: Zhou, Tianci
name: Swingle, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of chaotic quantum many-body systems, we show that operator growth, as diagnosed by out-of-time-order correlators of local operators, also leaves a sharp imprint in out-of-time-order correlators of global operators. In particular, the characteristic spacetime shape of growing local operators can be accessed using global measurements without any local control or readout. Building on an earlier conjectured phase diagram for operator growth in chaotic systems with power-law interactions, we show that existing nuclear spin data for out-of-time-order correlators of global operators are well fit by our theory. We also predict super-polynomial operator growth in dipolar systems in 3d and discuss the potential observation of this physics in future experiments with nuclear spins and ultra-cold polar molecules.
description: 10+7 pages, 14 figures
Dynamic spectral mapping of interstellar plasma lenses
Creators: name: Tuntsov, Artem V.
name: Walker, Mark A.
name: Koopmans, Leon V. E.
name: Bannister, Keith W.
name: Stevens, Jamie
name: Johnston, Simon
name: Reynolds, Cormac
name: Bignall, Hayley E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Compact radio sources sometimes exhibit intervals of large, rapid changes in their flux-density, due to lensing by interstellar plasma crossing the line-of-sight. A novel survey program has made it possible to discover these "Extreme Scattering Events" (ESEs) in real time, resulting in a high-quality dynamic spectrum of an ESE observed in PKS 1939-315. Here we present a method for determining the column-density profile of a plasma lens, given only the dynamic radio spectrum of the lensed source, under the assumption that the lens is either axisymmetric or totally anisotropic. Our technique relies on the known, strong frequency dependence of the plasma refractive index in order to determine how points in the dynamic spectrum map to positions on the lens. We apply our method to high-frequency (4.2-10.8 GHz) data from the Australia Telescope Compact Array of the PKS 1939-315 ESE. The derived electron column-density profiles are very similar for the two geometries we consider, and both yield a good visual match to the data. However, the fit residuals are substantially above the noise level, and deficiencies are evident when we compare the predictions of our model to lower-frequency (1.6-3.1 GHz) data on the same ESE, thus motivating future development of more sophisticated inversion techniques.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 33.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 07.02.2006, 08:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2006

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Siberian plants shift their phenology in response to climate change
Creators: name: Rosbakh, Sergey
name: Hartig, Florian
name: Sandanov, Denis V.
name: Bukharova, Evgenya V.
name: Miller, Tara K.
name: Primack, Richard B.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: climate change, flower, fruit, leaf out, long- term observation, phenology, senescence, Siberia
subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: 580 Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: Siberia has undergone dramatic climatic changes due to global warming in recent decades. Yet, the ecological responses to these climatic changes are still poorly understood due to a lack of data. Here, we use a unique data set from the Russian ‘Chronicles of Nature’ network to analyse the long-term (1976–2018) phenological shifts in leaf out, flowering, fruiting and senescence of 67 common Siberian plant species. We find that Siberian boreal forest plants advanced their early season (leaf out and flowering) and mid-season (fruiting) phenology by −2.2, −0.7 and −1.6 days/decade, and delayed the onset of senescence by 1.6 days/decade during this period. These mean values, however, are subject to substantial intraspecific variability, which is partly explained by the plants' growth forms. Trees and shrubs advanced leaf out and flowering (−3.1 and −3.3. days/decade) faster than herbs (−1 day/decade), presumably due to the more direct exposure of leaf and flower buds to ambient air for the woody vegetation. For senescence, we detected a reverse pattern: stronger delays in herbs (2.1 days/decade) than in woody plants (1.0–1.2 days/decade), presumably due to the stronger effects of autumn frosts on the leaves of herbs. Interestingly, the timing of fruiting in all four growth forms advanced at similar paces, from 1.4 days/decade in shrubs to 1.7 days/decade in trees and herbs. Our findings point to a strong, yet heterogeneous, response of Siberian plant phenology to recent global warming. Furthermore, the results highlight that species- and growth form-specific differences among study species could be used to identify plants particularly at risk of decline due to their low adaptive capacity or a loss of synchronization with important interaction partners.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 40.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 14.02.2006, 08:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2006

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
A heterogeneously integrated lithium niobate-on-silicon nitride photonic platform
Creators: name: Churaev, Mikhail
name: Wang, Rui Ning
name: Snigirev, Viacheslav
name: Riedhauser, Annina
name: Blésin, Terence
name: Möhl, Charles
name: Anderson, Miles A.
name: Siddharth, Anat
name: Popoff, Youri
name: Caimi, Daniele
name: Hönl, Simon
name: Riemensberger, Johann
name: Liu, Junqiu
name: Seidler, Paul
name: Kippenberg, Tobias J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The availability of thin-film lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) and advances in processing have led to the emergence of fully integrated LiNbO3 electro-optic devices, including low-voltage, high-speed modulators, electro-optic frequency combs, and microwave-optical transducers. Yet to date, LiNbO3 photonic integrated circuits (PICs) have mostly been fabricated using non-standard etching techniques that lack the reproducibility routinely achieved in silicon photonics. Widespread future application of thin-film LiNbO3 requires a reliable and scalable solution using standard processing and precise lithographic control. Here we demonstrate a heterogeneously integrated LiNbO3 photonic platform that overcomes the abovementioned challenges by employing wafer-scale bonding of thin-film LiNbO3 to planarized low-loss silicon nitride (Si3N4) photonic integrated circuits, a mature foundry-grade integrated photonic platform. The resulting devices combine the substantial Pockels effect of LiNbO3 with the scalability, high-yield, and complexity of the underlying Si3N4 PICs. Importantly, the platform maintains the low propagation loss (<0.1 dB/cm) and efficient fiber-to-chip coupling (<2.5 dB per facet) of the Si3N4 waveguides. We find that ten transitions between a mode confined in the Si3N4 PIC and the hybrid LiNbO$_3$ mode produce less than 0.8 dB additional loss, corresponding to a loss per transition not exceeding 0.1 dB. These nearly lossless adiabatic transitions thus link the low-loss passive Si3N4 photonic structures with electro-optic components. We demonstrate high-Q microresonators, optical splitters, electrically tunable photonic dimers, electro-optic frequency combs, and carrier-envelope phase detection of a femtosecond laser on the same platform, thus providing a reliable and foundry-ready solution to low-loss and complex LiNbO3 integrated photonic circuits.
An Extended Stochastic Model for Quantitative Security Analysis of Networked Systems
Creators: name: Xu, Maochao
name: Xu, Shouhuai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Quantitative security analysis of networked computer systems is one of the decades-long open problems in computer security. Recently, a promising approach was proposed in \cite{XuTDSC11}, which however made some strong assumptions including the exponential distribution of, and the independence between, the relevant random variables. In this paper, we substantially weaken these assumptions while offering, in addition to the same types of analytical results as in \cite{XuTDSC11}, methods for obtaining the desired security quantities in practice. Moreover, we investigate the problem from a higher-level abstraction, which also leads to both analytical results and practical methods for obtaining the desired security quantities. These would represent a significant step toward ultimately solving the problem of quantitative security analysis of networked computer systems.
Growth interruption strategies for interface optimization in GaAsSb/GaAsN type-II superlattices
Creators: name: Braza, V.
name: Ben, T.
name: Flores, S.
name: Reyes, D. F.
name: Gallego-Carro, A.
name: Stanojevic, L.
name: Gacevic, Z.
name: Ruíz-Marín, N.
name: Ulloa, J. M.
name: González, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, GaAsSb/GaAsN type II short-period superlattices (SLs) have been proposed as suitable structures to be implemented in the optimal design of monolithic multi-junction solar cells. However, due to strong surface Sb segregation, experimental Sb composition profiles differ greatly from the nominal square-wave design. In this work, the improvement of the interface quality of these SLs in terms of compositional abruptness and surface roughness has been evaluated by implementing different growth interruption times under Sb4/As4 (soaking) and As4 (desorption) overpressure conditions before and after the growth of GaAsSb layers, respectively. The combined effects of both processes enhance Sb distribution, achieving squarer compositional profiles with reduced surface roughness interfaces. It has been found that the improvement in compositional abruptness is quantitatively much higher at the lower interface, during soaking, than at the upper interface during desorption. Conversely, a larger decrease in surface roughness is achieved at the upper interface than at the lower interface. Fitting of the Sb segregation profiles using the 3-layer kinetic fluid model has shown that the increase in Sb incorporation rate is due to the decrease in segregation energy, presumably to changes in the surface reconstruction of the floating layer at the surface.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
TCGL: Temporal Contrastive Graph for Self-supervised Video Representation Learning
Creators: name: Liu, Yang
name: Wang, Keze
name: Liu, Lingbo
name: Lan, Haoyuan
name: Lin, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Video self-supervised learning is a challenging task, which requires significant expressive power from the model to leverage rich spatial-temporal knowledge and generate effective supervisory signals from large amounts of unlabeled videos. However, existing methods fail to increase the temporal diversity of unlabeled videos and ignore elaborately modeling multi-scale temporal dependencies in an explicit way. To overcome these limitations, we take advantage of the multi-scale temporal dependencies within videos and proposes a novel video self-supervised learning framework named Temporal Contrastive Graph Learning (TCGL), which jointly models the inter-snippet and intra-snippet temporal dependencies for temporal representation learning with a hybrid graph contrastive learning strategy. Specifically, a Spatial-Temporal Knowledge Discovering (STKD) module is first introduced to extract motion-enhanced spatial-temporal representations from videos based on the frequency domain analysis of discrete cosine transform. To explicitly model multi-scale temporal dependencies of unlabeled videos, our TCGL integrates the prior knowledge about the frame and snippet orders into graph structures, i.e., the intra-/inter- snippet Temporal Contrastive Graphs (TCG). Then, specific contrastive learning modules are designed to maximize the agreement between nodes in different graph views. To generate supervisory signals for unlabeled videos, we introduce an Adaptive Snippet Order Prediction (ASOP) module which leverages the relational knowledge among video snippets to learn the global context representation and recalibrate the channel-wise features adaptively. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of our TCGL over the state-of-the-art methods on large-scale action recognition and video retrieval benchmarks.The code is publicly available at https://github.com/YangLiu9208/TCGL.
description: This work has been published in IEEE Transactions on Image Processing. The code is publicly available at https://github.com/YangLiu9208/TCGL. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2101.00820
Comunicación "Perspectiva feminista en la industria televisiva contemporánea de Norteamérica: Procesos de producción y series de televisión"
Creators: name: Higueras Ruiz, María José
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Presentación de la Comunicación “Perspectiva feminista en la industria televisiva contemporánea de Norteamérica: Procesos de producción y series de televisión” el 10 de abril de 2019 en el IV Congreso Internacional Comunicación y Pensamiento Comunicación Emergente, organizado por la Facultad de Comunicación de la Universidad de Sevilla.
he plasmon-polariton scattering by random-impedance surface defects: The interplay between localization and outflow
Creators: name: Tarasov, Yu. V.
name: Stadnik, O. M.
name: Kvitka, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the scattering of surface TM-polarized plasmon-polariton waves (PPWs) by the finite red region of plane metal-vacuum boundary with randomly inhomogeneous impedance. We analyze the solution of the integral equation connecting the scattered field with the field of the oncoming PPWs, that is valid for any strength of the scattering and dissipative properties of the conducting half-space. As a measure of scattering strength, the Hilbert norm of the intermode scattering operator is used. It is shown that the intensity of the scattering is not only determined by the parameters of the random impedance (the variance, correlation radius, the length of the heterogenious region), but it also crucially depends on the metal substrate conductivity. For a small norm of the integral operator, the incident surface plasmon polariton (SPP) radiates effectively into vacuum, loosing the part of its energy for excitation of quasi-isotropic Norton-type waves above the conducting surface. The intensity of the leaking field is expressed in terms of the pair correlation function of the impedance, the dependence of which on wave numbers of incident and scattered waves demonstrates the possibility to observe a phenomenon similar to Wood's anomalies of wave scattering by periodic lattices. With strong scattering, when the norm of the scattering operator becomes large as compared to unity, the radiation into the volume is highly suppressed and the PPW is basically mirrored from the heterogeneous surface area in backward direction. In the model of dissipationless conducting halfspace, the surface plasmon-polariton becomes unstable for arbitrarily small fluctuations of the conductor polarizability. The mirroring also takes place at small norm of the scattering operator, yet in this case it is related to Anderson's localization of the SPP within the disordered region.
Optimal processes for probabilistic work extraction beyond the second law
Creators: name: Cavina, Vasco
name: Mari, Andrea
name: Giovannetti, Vittorio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to the second law of thermodynamics, for every transformation performed on a system which is in contact with an environment of fixed temperature, the extracted work is bounded by the decrease of the free energy of the system. However, in a single realization of a generic process, the extracted work is subject to statistical fluctuations which may allow for probabilistic violations of the previous bound. We are interested in enhancing this effect, i.e. we look for thermodynamic processes that maximize the probability of extracting work above a given arbitrary threshold. For any process obeying the Jarzynski identity, we determine an upper bound for the work extraction probability that depends also on the minimum amount of work that we are willing to extract in case of failure, or on the average work we wish to extract from the system. Then we show that this bound can be saturated within the thermodynamic formalism of quantum discrete processes composed by sequences of unitary quenches and complete thermalizations. We explicitly determine the optimal protocol which is given by two quasi-static isothermal transformations separated by a finite unitary quench.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 118.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 21.05.2006, 11:30, erstellt von Michele Bianda
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2006

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 200.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 13.08.2006, 13:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2006

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
High-temperature superfuidity of the two-component Bose gas in a TMDC bilayer
Creators: name: Berman, Oleg L.
name: Kezerashvili, Roman Ya.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high-temperature superfluidity of two-dimensional dipolar excitons in two parallel TMDC layers is predicted. We study Bose-Einstein condensation in the two-component system of dipolar A and B excitons. The effective mass, energy spectrum of the collective excitations, the sound velocity and critical temperature are obtained for different TMDC materials. It is shown that in the Bogolubov approximation the sound velocity in the two-component dilute exciton Bose gas is always larger than in any one-component. The difference between the sound velocities for two-component and one-component dilute gases is caused by the fact that the sound velocity for two-component system depends on the reduced mass of A and B excitons, which is always smaller than the individual mass of A or B exciton. Due to this fact, the critical temperature Tc for superfluidity for the two-component exciton system in TMDC bilayer is about one order of magnitude higher than Tc in any one-component exciton system. We propose to observe the superfluidity of two-dimensional dipolar excitons in two parallel TMDC layers, which causes two opposite superconducting currents in each TMDC layer.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures
Chemical complexity in protoplanetary disks in the era of ALMA and Rosetta
Creators: name: Walsh, Catherine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Comets provide a unique insight into the molecular composition and complexity of the material in the primordial solar nebula. Recent results from the Rosetta mission, currently monitoring comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko in situ, and ALMA (the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array), have demonstrated a tantalising link between the chemical complexity now confirmed in disks (via the detection of gas-phase CH3CN; Oberg et al. 2015) and that confirmed on the surface of 67P (Goesmann et al. 2015), raising questions concerning the chemical origin of such species (cloud or inheritance versus disk synthesis). Results from an astrochemical model of a protoplanetary disk are presented in which complex chemistry is included and in which it is assumed that simple ices only are inherited from the parent molecular cloud. The model results show good agreement with the abundances of several COMs observed on the surface of 67P with Philae/COSAC. Cosmic-ray and X-ray-induced photoprocessing of predominantly simple ices inherited by the protoplanetary disk is sufficient to generate a chemical complexity similar to that observed in comets. This indicates that the icy COMs detected on the surface of 67P may have a disk origin. The results also show that gas-phase CH3CN is abundant in the inner warm disk atmosphere where hot gas-phase chemistry dominates and potentially erases the ice chemical signature. Hence, CH3CN may not be an unambiguous tracer of the complex organic ice reservoir. However, a better understanding of the hot gas-phase chemistry of CH3CN is needed to confirm this preliminary conclusion.
description: Conference proceedings from The 6th Zermatt ISM Symposium: Conditions and Impact of Star Formation
Sustainable digitalization of a decentralized energy transition
Creators: name: Gährs, Swantje
name: Bluhm, Hannes
name: Kütemeyer, Leonie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: SteuerBoard Energie
Digitization
Decentral energy transition
Energy communities
German energy transition

description: This working paper deals with the sustainable digitalization of a decentralized energy transition and the effects on technical processes, business models and participation processes. It aims to present the current state of research and to shed more light on relevant aspects from a sustainability perspective. Depending on the actor and implementation, the use of digitalization pursues different goals such as reducing complexity, increasing efficiency or digital participation. Depending on the primary goal, the use of certain digital technologies, tools and methods makes sense at different points in the energy system. For example, existing processes in the energy industry are digitalized and optimized, business models are further developed or newly developed through the use of digitalization, and digital tools are used in energy transition processes. In addition to business interests, the motivation for this is often environmental (e. g. more efficiency or sufficiency) or social (e. g. more participation and transparency). However, from a sustainability perspective, the effects are diverse and often not yet fully researched. For example, the use of energy and resources through digitalization is a relevant variable for assessing the environmental life cycle, but the question of resilience and vulnerability through the linking of digital and electrical infrastructures is also important for assessing the use of digitalization. With regard to social aspects such as co-determination, transparency, diversity of actors and participation, positive and negative trends can currently be observed. Here in some use cases, digitalization creates added value. However, there is also a risk of unintentional lack of transparency or exclusivity.
description: The working paper is also available in German.