cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Acanthoplesiops psilogaster Hardy 1985
Creators: name: Ho, Hsuan-Ching
name: Shao, Kwang-Tsao
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Perciformes
Plesiopidae
Acanthoplesiops
Acanthoplesiops psilogaster

description: 181. Acanthoplesiops psilogaster Hardy, 1985:384 Holotype: USNM 257872 (22.6), cut between large outstanding rock and Ch'uan –fan–shih, Taiwan, 6 m, 23 Apr. 1968, coll. V. G. Springer et al. Paratype: BPBM 23296 (2, 17.7–19.1), S end of Ch’uan –fan–shih, Taiwan, 0–6 m, 16 Jul. 1978, coll. J. E. Randall et al; NMNZ P.14813 (1) and USNM 257871 (2, 18.7–20.2, 1 c & s), [21°55’48”N, 120°48’48”E,] SW shore of Ch’uan –fa–shih, Taiwan, 7–8 m, 2 May 1968, coll. V. G. Springer and J. H. Choat; USNM 276528 (1, out of USNM 257872, 17.7), same data as holotype; USNM 25873 (1, 17.7), [21°55’48”N, 120°48’48”E,] SW shore of Ch’uan –fan–shih, Taiwan, 5–6.5 m, 28 Apr. 1968, coll. V. G. Springer et al.
description: Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2011, 2957, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 2957 on page 43
description: {"references": ["Hardy, G. S. (1985) Revision of the Acanthoclinidae (Pisces, Perciformes), with descriptions of a new genus and five new species. New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 11, 357 - 393."]}
A low density of 0.8 g/cc for the Trojan binary asteroid 617 Patroclus
Creators: name: Marchis, Franck
name: Hestroffer, Daniel
name: Descamps, Pascal
name: Berthier, Jerome
name: Bouchez, Antonin H.
name: Campbell, Randall D.
name: Chin, Jason C. Y.
name: van Dam, Marcos A.
name: Hartman, Scott K.
name: Johansson, Erik M.
name: Lafon, Robert E.
name: Mignant, David Le
name: de Pater, Imke
name: Stomski, Paul J.
name: Summers, Doug M.
name: Vachier, Frederic
name: Wizinovich, Peter L.
name: Wong, Michael H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Trojan population consists of two swarms of asteroids following the same orbit as Jupiter and located at the L4 and L5 Lagrange points of the Jupiter-Sun system (leading and following Jupiter by 60 degrees). The asteroid 617 Patroclus is the only known binary Trojan (Merline et al. 2001). The orbit of this double system was hitherto unknown. Here we report that the components, separated by 680 km, move around the system centre of mass, describing roughly a circular orbit. Using the orbital parameters, combined with thermal measurements to estimate the size of the components, we derive a very low density of 0.8 g/cc. The components of Patroclus are therefore very porous or composed mostly of water ice, suggesting that they could have been formed in the outer part of the solar system.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Remarks on Periodic Jacobi Matrices on Trees
Creators: name: Christiansen, Jacob S.
name: Simon, Barry
name: Zinchenko, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47B36, 47B15 20E08

description: We look at periodic Jacobi matrices on trees. We provide upper and lower bounds on the gap of such operators analogous to the well known gap in the spectrum of the Laplacian on the upper half-plane with hyperbolic metric. We make some conjectures about antibound states and make an interesting observation for what [3] calls the rg-model.
Quaternions, Lorentz Group and the Dirac Theory
Creators: name: Morita, Katsusada
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that a subgroup of $SL(2,{\mathbb H})$, denoted $Spin(2,{\mathbb H})$ in this paper, which is defined by two conditions in addition to unit quaternionic determinant, is locally isomorphic to the restricted Lorentz group, $L_+^\uparrow$. On the basis of the Dirac theory using the spinor group $Spin(2,{\mathbb H})$, in which the charge conjugation transformation becomes linear in the quaternionic Dirac spinor, it is shown that the Hermiticity requirement of the Dirac Lagrangian, together with the persistent presence of the Pauli-Gürsey SU(2) group, requires an additional imaginary unit (taken to be the ordinary one, $i$) that commutes with Hamilton's units, in the theory. A second quantization is performed with this $i$ incorporated into the theory, and we recover the conventional Dirac theory with an automatic `anti-symmetrization' of the field operators. It is also pointed out that we are naturally led to the scheme of complex quaternions, ${\mathbb H}^c$, in which a space-time point is represented by a Hermitian quaternion, and that the isomorphism $SL(1,{\mathbb H}^c)/Z_2\cong L_+^\uparrow$ is a direct consequence of the fact $Spin(2,{\mathbb H})/Z_2\cong L_+^\uparrow$. Using $SL(1,{\mathbb H}^c)\cong SL(2,{\mathbb C})$, we make explicit the Weyl spinor indices of the spinor-quaternion, which is the Dirac spinor defined over ${\mathbb H}^c$.
description: 37pages, no figures
V772 Cas: an ellipsoidal HgMn star in an eclipsing binary
Creators: name: Kochukhov, O.
name: Johnston, C.
name: Labadie-Bartz, J.
name: Shetye, S.
name: Ryabchikova, T. A.
name: Tkachenko, A.
name: Shultz, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The late B-type star V772 Cas (HD 10260) was previously suspected to be a rare example of a magnetic chemically peculiar star in an eclipsing binary system. Photometric observations of this star obtained by the TESS satellite show clear eclipses with a period of 5.0137 d accompanied by a significant out-of-eclipse variation with the same period. High-resolution spectroscopy reveals V772 Cas to be an SB1 system, with the primary component rotating about a factor two slower than the orbital period and showing chemical peculiarities typical of non-magnetic HgMn chemically peculiar stars. This is only the third eclipsing HgMn star known and, owing to its brightness, is one of the very few eclipsing binaries with chemically peculiar components accessible to detailed follow-up studies. Taking advantage of the photometric and spectroscopic observations available for V772 Cas, we performed modelling of this system with the PHOEBE code. This analysis provided fundamental parameters of the components and demonstrated that the out-of-eclipse brightness variation is explained by the ellipsoidal shape of the evolved, asynchronously rotating primary. This is the first HgMn star for which such variability has been definitively identified.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures; accepted for publication in MNRAS
Brood size, duckling survival and parental care in canvasbacks
Creators: name: Sobrino, Cristina N. De
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Clutch size in precocial birds is generally thought to be limited by factors acting during egg-laying and incubation. However, hypotheses advanced to explain limits on clutch size are not sufficient to explain observed clutch sizes. I tested if factors acting after hatching can limit clutch size in precocial Canvasbacks, (Aythya valisineria). Clutch size may be limited by post-hatching factors if large broods have higher mortality, or if large broods require more parental care. To examine the effect of brood size on duckling mortality I compared duckling survival in experimentally enlarged and reduced broods. While duckling survival was inversely related to brood size, the relationship was not significant. By modifying an existing model of clutch size determination (Arnold et al. 1987), I demonstrate that even a slight brood size-dependent decline in duckling survival is sufficient to reduce optimal clutch size. To determine if there was a potential for costs of reproduction to vary with brood size, I collected time-activity budgets of females rearing experimentally manipulated broods. If costs of reproduction vary with brood size, females rearing enlarged broods would be expected to spend more time in parental care activities than those rearing small broods. Brood-rearing females did not alter their behaviour with respect to brood size, nest initiation date, or body condition. Duckling survival was unaffected by the amount of time that females spent in parental care or self maintenance activities, suggesting that offspring survival is dependent only on the presence or absence of a brood-rearing hen. The level of parental care that females provide is unlikely have brood size dependent costs, and is thus unlikely to affect optimal clutch size of Canvasbacks.
Primes of height one and a class of Noetherian finitely presented algebras
Creators: name: Goffa, Isabel
name: Jespers, Eric
name: Okninski, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16P40,16H05

description: Constructions are given of Noetherian maximal orders that are finitely presented algebras over a field K, defined by monomial relations. In order to do this, it is shown that the underlying homogeneous information determines the algebraic structure of the algebra. So, it is natural to consider such algebras as semigroup algebras K[S] and to investigate the structure of the monoid S. The relationship between the prime ideals of the algebra and those of the monoid S is one of the main tools. Results analogous to fundamental facts known for the prime spectrum of algebras graded by a finite group are obtained. This is then applied to characterize a large class of prime Noetherian maximal orders that satisfy a polynomial identity, based on a special class of submonoids of polycyclic-by-finite groups. The main results are illustrated with new constructions of concrete classes of finitely presented algebras of this type.
description: 28 pages, no figures
Proton Light Yield in Organic Scintillators using a Double Time-of-Flight Technique
Creators: name: Brown, J. A.
name: Goldblum, B. L.
name: Laplace, T. A.
name: Harrig, K. P.
name: Bernstein, L. A.
name: Bleuel, D. L.
name: Younes, W.
name: Reyna, D.
name: Brubaker, E.
name: Marleau, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent progress in the development of novel organic scintillators necessitates modern characterization capabilities. As the primary means of energy deposition by neutrons in these materials is n-p elastic scattering, knowledge of the proton light yield is paramount. This work establishes a new model-independent method to continuously measure proton light yield in organic scintillators over a broad energy range. Using a deuteron breakup neutron source at the 88-Inch Cyclotron at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and an array of organic scintillators, the proton light yield of EJ-301 and EJ-309, commercially available organic liquid scintillators from Eljen Technology, were measured via a double time-of-flight technique. The light yield was determined using a kinematically over-constrained system in the proton energy range of 1-20 MeV. The effect of pulse integration length on the magnitude and shape of the proton light yield relation was also explored. This work enables accurate simulation of the performance of advanced neutron detectors and supports the development of next-generation neutron imaging systems.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures
Physically Agnostic Quasinormal Mode Expansion in Time Dispersive Structures:from Mechanical Vibrations to Nanophotonic Resonances
Creators: name: Nicolet, André
name: Demésy, Guillaume
name: Zolla, Frédéric
name: Campos, Carmen
name: Roman, Jose E.
name: Geuzaine, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: G.1.8
subject: 65N25, 35B34, 78-10, 78A25, 78M10, 70J10, 74S05

description: Resonances, also known as quasi normal modes (QNM) in the non-Hermitian case, play an ubiquitous role in all domains of physics ruled by wave phenomena, notably in continuum mechanics, acoustics, electrodynamics, and quantum theory. In this paper, we present a QNM expansion for dispersive systems, recently applied to photonics but based on sixty year old techniques in mechanics. The resulting numerical algorithm appears to be physically agnostic, that is independent of the considered physical problem and can therefore be implemented as a mere toolbox in a nonlinear eigenvalue computation library.
description: 23 pages, 6 figures, dedicated to Natasha and Sasha Movchan on the occasion of their jubilee
Diclonius calamarius Cope, 1876, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Cope, E. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1876
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Dinosauria
Hadrosauridae
Diclonius
Diclonius calamarius

description: Diclonius calamarius, sp. nov.
  This species, as represented by teeth, is the smallest of the genus, but the adult size is a point, however, not easily determined among extinct reptiles. The teeth are slender, and the front has parallel borders and a median keel. The borders are entire, and, in two of the crowns, twisted slightly round the long axis of the tooth. The keel is thus twisted also, and towards the base, when it becomes quite low, is nearer one border than the other. The back of the tooth displays two lateral facets, separated by a narrow median facet. The former have a thin, delicately rugose, cement investment, with a minute rugosity; the latter is smooth in the specimens, apparently from friction. The characters of this  saurian readily distinguish it from its congeners.
description: Published as part of Cope, E. D., 1876, Descriptions of some vertebrate remains from the Fort Union beds of Montana, pp. 248-261 in Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 28 on page 255, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3371111
Propulsion of a molecular machine by asymmetric distribution of reaction--products
Creators: name: Golestanian, Ramin
name: Liverpool, Tanniemola B.
name: Ajdari, Armand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple model for the reaction-driven propulsion of a small device is proposed as a model for (part of) a molecular machine in aqueous media. Motion of the device is driven by an asymmetric distribution of reaction products. The propulsive velocity of the device is calculated as well as the scale of the velocity fluctuations. The effects of hydrodynamic flow as well as a number of different scenarios for the kinetics of the reaction are addressed.
Fusigobius duospilus Hoese and Reader 1985
Creators: name: Ho, Hsuan-Ching
name: Shao, Kwang-Tsao
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Perciformes
Gobiidae
Fusigobius
Fusigobius duospilus

description: 278. Fusigobius duospilus Hoese and Reader, 1985:2 Paratype: USNM 263459 (2, 31–38), [21°55’48”N, 120°48’48”E], SW shore off Ch’uan –fan–shih, [S. Taiwan,] 6– 7 m, 3 May 1968, coll. V. G. Springer et al. Other type: AMS I.22619–026 (holotype) and 189 paratypes.
description: Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2011, 2957, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 2957 on page 56
description: {"references": ["Hoese, D. F. & Reader, S. (1985) A new gobiid fish, Fusigobius duospilus, from the tropical Indo - Pacific. J. L. B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology Special Publication, 36, 1 - 9."]}
Shell Model and Mean-Field Description of Band Termination
Creators: name: Zalewski, M.
name: Satula, W.
name: Nazarewicz, W.
name: Stoitcheva, G.
name: Zdunczuk, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study nuclear high-spin states undergoing the transition to the fully stretched configuration with maximum angular momentum I_max within the space of valence nucleons. To this end, we perform a systematic theoretical analysis of non-fully-stretched I_max-2 and I_max-1 f_{7/2}^n seniority isomers and d_{3/2}^{-1} f_{7/2}^{n+1} intruder states in the A~44 nuclei from the lower-fp shell. We employ two theoretical approaches: (i) the density functional theory based on the cranked self-consistent Skyrme-Hartree-Fock method, and (ii) the nuclear shell model in the full sdfp configuration space allowing for 1p-1h cross-shell excitations. We emphasize the importance of restoration of broken angular momentum symmetry inherently obscuring the mean-field treatment of high-spin states. Overall good agreement with experimental data is obtained.
description: submitted to Phys. Rev. C
Monoclonius crassus Cope, 1876, gen. et sp. nov.
Creators: name: Cope, E. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1876
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Dinosauria
Ceratopsidae
Monoclonius
Monoclonius crassus

description: Monoclonius crassus, gen. et sp. nov.
 Char. Gen. -  Teeth with obliquely truncate face and distinct root, which is grooved for the successional tooth  on the front. No external cementum layer, caudal vertebrae biconcave, and brim narrow. Fore limbs large and massive.
 The teeth of this genus resemble those of Hadrosaurus, and like them, are replaced from the  "'front, " an arrangement which precludes the possibility of more than one series of teeth being in fuinctional use at one time. The robust fore limibs and elongate ilium distinguish  Diclonius from Hadrosaurus. From Trachodon it differs in the absence of the rough cementum layer on the back of the tooth.
 Char. Specif. -The faces of the teeth are acuminate oval in form, and are divided by an elevated keel, which is  median above, but turns to one side at the base. Margin crenate, the grooves extending more or less on the convex " back, " which is otherwise  smooth.
 Sacrum with ten vertebrae, the last centrum much compressed, the diapophyses extending horizontally from the neutral arch above, and connected by a vertical laminia with the iliac supports; length 27.33 inches. The bones of the limbs are robust, the hinder the longer, but not so much so as in some other genera. Length of femur 22 inches; width, proximally, 7.4 inches; distally 6 inches. Length of tibia 20 inches; greatest diameter, proximally, 8 inches; distally 7.25 inches. The three anterior dorsal vertebrae are coossified, and the first exhibits a deep cup for articulation with the preceeding vertebra. The episternum is a T-shaped bone, thin and keeled on the median line below. Length of transverse portion 21 inches.
description: Published as part of Cope, E. D., 1876, Descriptions of some vertebrate remains from the Fort Union beds of Montana, pp. 248-261 in Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 28 on pages 255-256, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3371111
Who Said Only Military Officers Can Deal with Uncertainty? On the Importance of Uncertainty in EdTech Data Visualisations
Creators: name: Macgilchrist, Felicitas
name: Jarke, Juliane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: K.4; K.3; H.5

description: AI-powered predictive systems have high margins of error. However, data visualisations of algorithmic systems in education and other social fields tend to visualise certainty, thus invisibilising the underlying approximations and uncertainties of the algorithmic systems and the social settings in which these systems operate. This paper draws on a critical speculative approach to first analyse data visualisations from predictive analytics platforms for education. It demonstrates that visualisations of uncertainty in education are rare. Second, the paper explores uncertainty visualisations in other fields (defence, climate change and healthcare). The paper concludes by reflecting on the role of data visualisations and un/certainty in shaping educational futures. It also identifies practical implications for the design of data visualisations in education.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures
Gate-Defined Josephson Junctions in Magic-Angle Twisted Bilayer Graphene
Creators: name: de Vries, Folkert K.
name: Portoles, Elias
name: Zheng, Giulia
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Ihn, Thomas
name: Ensslin, Klaus
name: Rickhaus, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the past two years, magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene has emerged as a uniquely versatile experimental platform that combines metallic, superconducting, magnetic and insulating phases in a single crystal. In particular the ability to tune the superconducting state with a gate voltage opened up intriguing prospects for novel device functionality. Here we present the first demonstration of a device based on the interplay between two distinct phases in adjustable regions of a single magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene crystal. We electrostatically define the superconducting and insulating regions of a Josephson junction and observe tunable DC and AC Josephson effects. We show that superconductivity is induced in different electronic bands and describe the junction behaviour in terms of these bands, taking in consideration interface effects as well. Shapiro steps, a hallmark of the AC Josephson effect and therefore the formation of a Josephson junction, are observed. This work is an initial step towards devices where separate gate-defined correlated states are connected in single-crystal nanostructures. We envision applications in superconducting electronics and quantum information technology as well as in studies exploring the nature of the superconducting state in magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene.
description: Supplementary Information is included in the .pdf
Visualizing spacetimes via embedding diagrams
Creators: name: Hledik, Stanislav
name: Stuchlik, Zdenek
name: Cipko, Alois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is hard to imagine curved spacetimes of General Relativity. A simple but powerful way how to achieve this is visualizing them via embedding diagrams of both ordinary geometry and optical reference geometry. They facilitate to gain an intuitive insight into the gravitational field rendered into a curved spacetime, and to assess the influence of parameters like electric charge and spin of a black hole, magnetic field or cosmological constant. Optical reference geometry and related inertial forces and their relationship to embedding diagrams are particularly useful for investigation of test particles motion. Embedding diagrams of static and spherically symmetric, or stationary and axially symmetric black-hole and naked-singularity spacetimes thus present a useful concept for intuitive understanding of these spacetimes' nature. We concentrate on general way of embedding into 3-dimensional Euclidean space, and give a set of illustrative examples.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
On-sky measurements of atmospheric dispersion: I. Method validation
Creators: name: Wehbe, B.
name: Cabral, A.
name: Avila, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations with ground-based telescopes are affected by differential atmospheric dispersion due to the wavelength-dependent index of refraction of the atmosphere. The usage of an Atmospheric Dispersion Corrector (ADC) is fundamental to compensate this effect. Atmospheric dispersion correction residuals above the level of ~ 100 milli-arcseconds (mas) will affect astronomical observations, in particular radial velocity and flux losses. The design of an ADC is based on atmospheric models. To the best of our knowledge, those models have never been tested on-sky. In this paper, we present a new method to measure the atmospheric dispersion on-sky in the optical range. We require an accuracy better than 50 mas that is equal to the difference between atmospheric models. The method is based on the use of cross-dispersion spectrographs to determine the position of the centroid of the spatial profile at each wavelength of each spectral order. The method is validated using cross-dispersed spectroscopic data acquired with the slit spectrograph UVES. We measure an instrumental dispersion of 47 mas in the blue arm, 15 mas, and 23 mas in the two ranges of the red arm. We also measure a 4 % deviation in the pixel scale from the value cited in UVES manual. The accuracy of the method is ~ 17 mas in the range of 315-665 nm. At this level, we can compare and characterize different atmospheric dispersion models for better future ADC designs.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Compsemys imbricarius Cope, 1876, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Cope, E. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1876
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Testudines
Baenidae
Compsemys
Compsemys imbricarius

description: Compsemys imbricarius, sp. nov.
 This species, like the others of the genus, has the scutal sutures well defined, and the superficial surface of the carapace sculptured. The character of this sculpture distinguishes the species, and in the present instance in a special manner. It consists, in the C. imbricarius, of excavations  bounded on the sides by a short ridge each, which alternate with each otlher. Thus each bounding ridge terminates abruptly at the fundus of one of the fosse, while the other end of the fossa rises and contracts to another ridge. The result is precisely that seen in the interior sculpture of Saracenic domes or niches, and is one which is quite unique among tortoises. The direction of the ridges is, at right angles to the costal dermal sutures. This species was about as large as the snapping tortoise  ( Chelydra serpentina).
description: Published as part of Cope, E. D., 1876, Descriptions of some vertebrate remains from the Fort Union beds of Montana, pp. 248-261 in Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 28 on page 257, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3371111
Understanding Software Community Formation
Creators: name: Katz, Daniel S.
name: Barker, Michelle
name: Bangerth, Wolfgang
name: Crawford, T. Daniel
name: Elmer, Peter
name: Harrow, Jen
name: Hwang, Lorraine
name: Psomopoulos, Fotis
name: Stewart, Graeme A.
name: Zentner, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: a talk presented in the Topology Optimization Webinar, webinar 20, "Future of Scientific and Engineering Computing in Research Community and Industry", 24 February 2022.
Compsemys variolosus Cope, 1876, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Cope, E. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1876
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Testudines
Baenidae
Compsemys
Compsemys variolosus

description: Compsemys variolosus, sp. nov.
 One of the most abunidant,  and the largest species of the Fort Union beds. The carapace is convex and the plastron flat; the marginal bones are heavy and strongly convex on the inferior side. The margin of the plastron is thickened and heavy, characters which also belong to all parts of the carapace. The sutures of the dermal sculta are deeply impressed, and the surface of the bone is strongly sculptured above and below, and even on the superior face of the thickened margins of the free lobes of the plastron. The sculpture consists of round fossae, which are  deeply impressed and  are arranged quincuncially, so that their borders never form straight lines. The latter are also more or less angulate on the edge, so that the surface  has a more than usually rugose character.
 The typical specimen equals those of the large land tortoises of the Eocene in dimensions.
Discovered by C. H..Sternberg.
description: Published as part of Cope, E. D., 1876, Descriptions of some vertebrate remains from the Fort Union beds of Montana, pp. 248-261 in Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 28 on pages 257-258, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3371111
A global analysis of inclusive diffractive cross sections at HERA
Creators: name: Royon, C.
name: Schoeffel, L.
name: Sapeta, S.
name: Peschanski, R.
name: Sauvan, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the most recent data on the diffractive structure functions from the H1 and ZEUS Collaborations at HERA using four models. First, a Pomeron Structure Function (PSF) model, in which the Pomeron is considered as an object with parton distribution functions. Then, the Bartels Ellis Kowalski Wusthoff (BEKW) approach is discussed, assuming the simplest perturbative description of the Pomeron using a two-gluon ladder. A third approach, the Bialas Peschanski (BP) model, based on the dipole formalism is then described. Finally, we discuss the Golec-Biernat-Wüsthoff (GBW) saturation model which takes into account saturation effects. The best description of all avaible measurements can be achieved with either the PSF based model or the BEKW approach. In particular, the BEKW prediction allows to include the highest $β$ measurements, which are dominated by higher twists effects and provide an efficient and compact parametrisation of the diffractive cross section. The two other models also give a good description of cross section measurements at small $x$ with a small number of parameters. The comparison of all predictions allows us to identify interesting differences in the behaviour of the effective pomeron intercept and in the shape of the longitudinal component of the diffractive structure functions. In this last part, we present some features that can be discriminated by new experimental measurements, completing the HERA program.
description: 32 pages, 18 figures
Enhancing Near-Field Radiative Heat Transfer between Dissimilar Dielectric Media by Coupling Surface Phonon Polaritons to Graphenes Plasmons
Creators: name: Habibzadeh, Mehran
name: Islam, Md. Shofiqul
name: Chow, Philippe K.
name: Edalatpour, Sheila
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dielectric media are very promising for near-field radiative heat transfer (NFRHT) applications as these materials can thermally emit surface phonon polaritons (SPhPs) resulting in large and quasi-monochromatic heat fluxes. Near-field radiative heat flux between dissimilar dielectric media is much smaller than that between similar dielectric media and is also not quasi-monochromatic. This is due to the mismatch of the SPhP frequencies of the two heat-exchanging dielectric media. Here, we experimentally demonstrate that NFRHT between dissimilar dielectric media increases substantially when a graphene sheet is deposited on the medium with the smaller SPhP frequency. An enhancement of 2.7 to 3.2 folds is measured for the heat flux between SiC and LiF separated by a vacuum gap of size 100 to 140 nm when LiF is covered by a graphene sheet. This enhancement is due to the coupling of SPhPs and surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs). The SPPs of graphene are coupled to the SPhPs of LiF resulting in coupled SPhP-SPPs with a dispersion branch monotonically increasing with the wavevector. This monotonically increasing branch of dispersion relation intersects the dispersion branch of the SPhPs of SiC causing the coupling of the surface modes across the vacuum gap, which resonantly increases the heat flux at the SPhP frequency of SiC. This surface phonon-plasmon coupling also makes NFRHT quasi-monochromatic, which is highly desired for applications such as near-field thermophotovoltaics and thermophotonics. This study experimentally demonstrates that graphene is a very promising material for tuning the magnitude and spectrum of NFRHT between dissimilar dielectric media.
Polythorax missuriensis Cope, 1876, gen. et sp.nov.
Creators: name: Cope, E. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1876
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Testudines
Baenidae
Polythorax
Polythorax missuriensis

description: Polythorax missuriensis, gen. et sp.nov.
 Char. Gen. -  Plastron with contracted fixed lobes and wide bridge; carapace with well-developed marginal bones; mandibular ramus narrow; alveolar face with acute external margin; the symphysis neither produced nor recurved. Dermal scuta everywhere distinct, those of the plastron1 the usual ones, with the addition of the two marginal intergulars, and two large interhumerals. The latter sctuta are separated from the humerals by  sutures running1parallel with the humeral margin of the anterior lobe between the gular and pectoral scuta.
 In the possession of interhumeral scuta, Polythorax differs from any known genus of Testudinata. The general structure is much like that of Adocus and Baëna, with nearer resemblance to the latter in its  double intergular scuta. It is impossible to ascertain whether there are intersternal bones, as the plastron is coossified throughout. The presence or absence of intermarginal scuta cannot yet be determined, although it is clear, that if existing , their position is quite external.
 This genus is interesting as connecting in its stratigraphical position allied types of Cretaceous No. 5 ( Adocus ), with those of the Wahsatch and Bridger Eocenes ( Baëna ).
 Char. Specif. -Carapace with openly dentate posterior border. The surface is irregularly swollen, especially on the median  line near the margins of the vertebral scuta. The vertebral scuta are wide, the costals short, and the marginals narrow. The anterior lobe of the plastron is a little shorter and more contracted than the posterior; its base is narrower than the antero-posterior extent of the bridge. Its extremity is rounded, while that of the posterior lobe is truncate with rounded angles. The gular and intergular scuta are each wider  than long, while the interhumerals are much longer than wide. The humerals are narrow, while the pectorals are wide from the anterior position of the pectorohumeral suture. Each anal scutum is longer than wide.
The surface of the plastron is obsoletely but coarsely rugose; the roughness greatest anteriorly, where it conisists of short raised lines irregularly disposed.
description: Published as part of Cope, E. D., 1876, Descriptions of some vertebrate remains from the Fort Union beds of Montana, pp. 248-261 in Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 28 on page 258, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3371111
Brachirus annularis Fowler 1934
Creators: name: Ho, Hsuan-Ching
name: Shao, Kwang-Tsao
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Pleuronectiformes
Soleidae
Brachirus
Brachirus annularis

description: 321. Brachirus annularis Fowler, 1934:346, fig. 99 Holotype: USNM 93095 (151 TL), Albatross station D.5315, 21°40'N, 116°58'E, China Sea, vicinity of Formosa, 271 m, 5 Nov. 1908. Paratype: USNM 93206 (1), collected with the holotype.
description: Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2011, 2957, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 2957 on page 62
description: {"references": ["Fowler, H. W. (1934) Descriptions of new fishes obtained 1907 to 1910, chiefly in the Philippine Islands and adjacent seas. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 85, 233 - 367."]}
Localised patterns in a generalised Swift--Hohenberg equation with a quartic marginal stability curve
Creators: name: Bentley, David C.
name: Rucklidge, Alastair M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B36, 35B32, 37G05, 37L10

description: In some pattern-forming systems, for some parameter values, patterns form with two wavelengths, while for other parameter values, there is only one wavelength. The transition between these can be organised by a codimension-three point at which the marginal stability curve has a quartic minimum. We develop a model equation to explore this situation, based on the Swift--Hohenberg equation; the model contains, amongst other things, snaking branches of patterns of one wavelength localised in a background of patterns of another wavelength. In the small-amplitude limit, the amplitude equation for the model is a generalised Ginzburg--Landau equation with fourth-order spatial derivatives, which can take the form of a complex Swift--Hohenberg equation with real coefficients. Localised solutions in this amplitude equation help interpret the localised patterns in the model. This work extends recent efforts to investigate snaking behaviour in pattern-forming systems where two different stable non-trivial patterns exist at the same parameter values.
description: 22 pages with 15 page appendix, 11 figures. This paper is dedicated to the memory of Thomas Wagenknecht (1974--2012)
Pattern learning and spatial memory in rufous hummingbirds (Selasphorus rufus)
Creators: name: McIntyre, Gordon D.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In this study I examined spatial learning and memory in rufous hummingbirds. In laboratory experiments, hummingbirds rapidly learned 2 -dimensional patterns of rewards. They used landmarks to find reward sites. Once birds were visiting most feeders in rewarding areas and avoiding most feeders in non-rewarding areas, they persisted in the same areas after their profitabilities were reversed. This is strong evidence for cognitive mapping. Persistence subsided rapidly once the birds' behaviour was no longer applicable, followed rapidly by learning the altered reward patterns. The types of landmark information I provided significantly influenced both the rate and persistence of learning. Hummingbirds learned more rapidly using edge landmarks than central landmarks. They also used colour information about reward quality embedded in both kinds of markers, although this was not a strong benefit to learning. In one experiment, hummingbirds learned both spatial memory tasks and spatial associations. They learned spatial associations more rapidly than spatial memory tasks, achieving a high rate of performance after a very short time interval. Although spatial memory tasks required a slightly longer learning period, the birds' performance was eventually comparable to that on spatial association tasks. The speed of forming spatial associations between cue and reward sites depended strongly on the distance between them, although hummingbirds eventually achieved comparable performance regardless of separation. Birds were more resistant to change on spatial memory tasks than spatial association tasks. Greater separations between cue and reward resulted in more reliance on spatial memory and greater persistence of these memories in the face of change. Time spent foraging on rewarding patterns affected the birds' persistence when the pattern changed. After longer experience of successfully using a pattern of feeders, birds persisted longer in formerly rewarding behaviours. Time spent using a pattern of feeders influenced spatial memory tasks much more than spatial association ones.
Accurate modeling of FeSe with screened Fock exchange and Hund's metal correlations
Creators: name: Gorni, Tommaso
name: Arribi, Pablo Villar
name: Casula, Michele
name: Medici, Luca de'
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reproduce the electronic properties of FeSe in the high-temperature phase within an ab initio framework that includes screened Fock exchange and local dynamical correlations. We robustly capture the experimental band structure, as long as the system is in the Hund's metal phase. In particular, we account for the shrinking of the Fermi pockets and the sinking below the Fermi level of the hole pocket with $xy$ orbital character. This entails the elusive correct estimate of the Sommerfeld coefficient, and supports the interpretation of non-compensated Fermi pockets seen in ARPES in terms of surface electron doping. More stringently, our modeling matches well the experimental interband optical spectrum, and captures qualitatively the temperature dependence of the thermoelectric power, extremely sensitive to the details of the bands around the Fermi level.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, Supplementary Material
Gymnothorax niphostigmus Chen Shao and Chen 1996
Creators: name: Ho, Hsuan-Ching
name: Shao, Kwang-Tsao
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Anguilliformes
Muraenidae
Gymnothorax
Gymnothorax niphostigmus

description: 46. Gymnothorax niphostigmus Chen Shao and Chen, 1996:20, figs.1–3 Holotype: ASIZP 56940 (713 TL), Hopingtao fish market, 25°11’N, 121°51’E, Keelung, Taiwan, 100–150 m, long–line. Paratype: ASIZP 56941 (1, 757 TL), Aoti, Taipei, 25°06’N, 121°58’E, 4 Mar. 1992, coll. H. –M. Chen; TFRI – TT 063 (1, 737), Chenkung, 23°1’N, 12122’E, Taitung, 5 Jun. 1993, coll. H. M. Chen; TFRI – TT 071 (1, 635 TL), Changpin, 23°18’N, 121°27’E, Taitung, 35–40 m, longline, 23 Oct. 1993, coll. H. S. Don.
description: Published as part of Ho, Hsuan-Ching & Shao, Kwang-Tsao, 2011, 2957, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 2957 on page 21
description: {"references": ["Chen, H. - M., Shao, K. - T & Chen, C. - T. (1996) A new moray eel, Gymnothorax niphostigmus, (Anguilliformes, Muraenidae) from northern and eastern Taiwan. Zoological Studies, 35, 20 - 24."]}
IRAS 13197-1627 has them all: Compton-thin absorption, photo-ionized gas, thermal plasmas, and a broad Fe line
Creators: name: Miniutti, G.
name: Ponti, G.
name: Dadina, M.
name: Cappi, M.
name: Malaguti, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report results from the XMM-Newton observation of IRAS 13197-1627, a luminous IR galaxy with a Seyfert 1.8 nucleus. The hard X-ray spectrum is steep and is absorbed by Compton-thin neutral gas. We detect an Fe emission line at 6.4 keV, consistent with transmission through the absorber. The most striking result of our spectral analysis is the detection of a dominant X-ray reflection component and broad Fe line from the inner accretion disc. The reflection-dominated hard X-ray spectrum is confirmed by the strong Compton hump seen in a previous BeppoSAX observation and could be the sign that most of the primary X-rays are radiated from a compact corona (or e.g. base of the jet) within a few gravitational radii from the black hole. We also detect a relatively strong absorption line at 6.81 keV which, if interpreted as Fe xxv resonant absorption intrinsic to the source, implies an outflow with velocity of about 5000 km/s. In the soft energy band, the high-resolution RGS and the CCD-resolution data show the presence of both photo-ionized gas and thermal plasma emission, the latter being most likely associated with a recent starburst of 15-20 solar masses per year.
description: accepted for publication in MNRAS
Exploring the Galaxy using space probes
Creators: name: Bjoerk, Rasmus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper investigates the possible use of space probes to explore the Milky Way, as a means both of finding life elsewhere in the Galaxy and as finding an answer to the Fermi paradox. I simulate exploration of the Galaxy by first examining how long time it takes a given number of space probes to explore 40,000 stars in a box from -300 to 300 pc above the Galactic thin disk, as a function of Galactic radius. I then model the Galaxy to consist of $\sim{}260,000$ of these 40,000 stellar systems all located in a defined Galactic Habitable Zone and show how long time it takes to explore this zone. The result is that with 8 probes, each with 8 subprobes $\sim{}4%$ of the Galaxy can be explored in $2.92\cdot{}10^{8}$ years. Increasing the number of probes to 200, still with 8 subprobes each, reduces the exploration time to $1.52\cdot{}10^{7}$ years.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, accepted by International Journal of Astrobiology (Published online by Cambridge University Press 20 Apr 2007)
Broadband Acoustic Collimation and Focusing using Reduced Aberration Acoustic Luneburg Lens
Creators: name: Zhao, Liuxian
name: Yu, Miao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Acoustic Luneburg lens is a symmetric gradient-index lens with a refractive index decreasing radially from the centre to the outer surface. It can be used to manipulate acoustic wave propagation with collimation and focusing capabilities. However, previously studied acoustic Luneburg lens works only at audible frequency ranges from 1 kHz to 7 kHz, or at a single ultrasonic frequency of 40 kHz. In addition, the acoustic Luneburg lens at high frequency is not omnidirectional in the previous researches. Furthermore, there is no realization of simulation and experimental testing of 3D acoustic Luneburg lens until now. In this paper, a practical reduced aberration acoustic Luneburg lens (RAALL) are proposed for broadband and omnidirectional acoustic collimation and focusing with reduced aberrations. Ray tracing technique shows that RAALL can achieve a better acoustic focusing compared with traditional modified acoustic Luneburg lens. Following that, two models of RAALL are designed and fabricated through additive manufacturing technology: a 2D version and a 3D version. Collimation and focusing performances of the ultrasonic waves are theoretically, numerically and experimentally demonstrated for both 2D and 3D lenses, and their broadband and omnidirectional characteristics are verified.
The abundance and distribution of heterotrophic and autotrophic nanoflagellates in the NE Subarctic Pacific
Creators: name: Doherty, Sean Patrick
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In the NE subarctic Pacific, the marine microbial food web, specifically the heterotrophic and autotrophic nanoflagellates (HNF and ANF), and cyanobacteria and heterotrophic bacteria, is not well understood. Further, studies of these populations have almost been exclusively done at Station P (50°N, 145°W) only in the spring and summer. The abundance and distribution of the above micro-organisms was investigated along Line P (between 48°N, 126°W, and 50°N, 145°W) in May, 1993, and February and May, 1994. This is the first study to examine their horizontal distribution, and obtain winter data on their abundance and distribution in this region. HNF, ANF, cyanobacteria and heterotrophic bacteria were identified, enumerated and biomass was estimated by epifluorescence microscopy. In May 1993, ANF and HNF biomass and abundance was an order of magnitude higher at most stations, compared to 1994 cruises, and May 1993 vertical profiles averaged 5.7* 106 cells L"1 at Station P. In February and May 1994, ANF and HNF population abundance and biomass was separated into three size fractions; the 2 to 5 um size group dominated. During both May cruises, a mirdmum in abundance and biomass of HNF, ANF and cyanobacteria was observed at Stations P12 and P16, which is ascribed to water mass changes along Line P. Winter abundance and biomass estimates of ANF, HNF, cyanobacteria and heterotrophic bacteria populations were comparable to those in May 1994, indicating that predator prey relationships remain functional at this time of year. Carbon budgets of winter and late spring HNF and their prey populations indicated that prey (cyanobacteria and heterotrophic bacteria) population biomass was sufficient to support the carbon requirement of the HNF in February and May 1994. In February 1994, at station P4 the combined biomass of cyanobacteria and heterotrophic bacteria was five times the requirement of the HNF, and 1.4 times this amount at Station P, further demonstrating the maintanence of predator/prey trophodynamics during the winter.