cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
LSTM networks provide efficient cyanobacterial blooms forecasting even with incomplete spatio-temporal data
Creators: name: Fournier, Claudia
name: Fernandez-Fernandez, Raul
name: Cirés, Samuel
name: López-Orozco, José A.
name: Besada-Portas, Eva
name: Quesada, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cyanobacteria are the most frequent dominant species of algal blooms in inland waters, threatening ecosystem function and water quality, especially when toxin-producing strains predominate. Enhanced by anthropogenic activities and global warming, cyanobacterial blooms are expected to increase in frequency and global distribution. Early warning systems (EWS) for cyanobacterial blooms development allow timely implementation of management measures, reducing the risks associated to these blooms. In this paper, we propose an effective EWS for cyanobacterial bloom forecasting, which uses 6 years of incomplete high-frequency spatio-temporal data from multiparametric probes, including phycocyanin (PC) fluorescence as a proxy for cyanobacteria. A probe agnostic and replicable method is proposed to pre-process the data and to generate time series specific for cyanobacterial bloom forecasting. Using these pre-processed data, six different non-site/species-specific predictive models were compared including the autoregressive and multivariate versions of Linear Regression, Random Forest, and Long-Term Short-Term (LSTM) neural networks. Results were analyzed for seven forecasting time horizons ranging from 4 to 28 days evaluated with a hybrid system that combined regression metrics (MSE, R2, MAPE) for PC values, classification metrics (Accuracy, F1, Kappa) for a proposed alarm level of 10 ug PC/L, and a forecasting-specific metric to measure prediction improvement over the displaced signal (skill). The multivariate version of LSTM showed the best and most consistent results across all forecasting horizons and metrics, achieving accuracies of up to 90% in predicting the proposed PC alarm level. Additionally, positive skill values indicated its outstanding effectiveness to forecast cyanobacterial blooms from 16 to 28 days in advance.
“Academic Coaching” for Enhanced Learning, Higher Levels of Student Responsibility, and Greater Retention
Creators: name: Barkley, Andrew P.
name: Barkley, Andrew P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: academic coaching
subject: effective teaching
subject: generational change
subject: teaching practices

description: The relationship between teachers and students has changed. Many writers have put forth hypotheses and ideas about how the current generation of students (Gen‐Y; the “Me Generation”) differs from previous generations. Others focus on teaching methods, course strategies, and technological tools that are effective in the new environment. The objective of this research is to investigate the possibility of “academic coaching” for enhanced student responsibility, higher levels of learning, and greater retention. The concept of “academic coaching” refers to a relationship between teachers and students that is proactive, responsive to student learning outcomes, and committed to student success. The teacher/learner relationship becomes less like a formal instructor and more like a coach.
Effect of surgical birth on bone phenotype
Creators: name: Wang, Xijun
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: Microbiome perturbations with antibiotics have been reported to affect bone phenotypes (Cho et al., 2012; Cox et al., 2014; Ohlsson & Sjögren, 2015; Sjögren et al., 2012; Yan & Charles, 2017; Yan et al., 2016). Surgical birth, is another stressor of the normal transfer of primordial microbes to the offspring, and it has been connected to accelerated growth in mice (Martinez et al., 2017). However, the effect of surgical birth on bone phenotypical changes is unclear. We hypothesize that surgical birth, interferes with offspring skeletal development, increasing bone mineral content and density, and that the effect is mediated by the microbiome. To test this hypothesis, we determined the effect of surgical birth and restoration with maternal microbes on bone phenotypes. We separated mice into three groups: control vaginal group, surgical birth group, and surgical birth with maternal microbial restoration group. All litters were fostered. We measured body weight weekly. At 6 and 18-weeks and whole-body composition was measured, as well as bone mineral density and bone mineral content (whole body, both sides of femur, both sides of humerus, both sides of tibia, and spine-vertebrae L1 to L6). Surgically born females had increased weight gain during weeks 4-10 (p<0.05) and showed a non-statistically significant trend to higher spine bone mineral density (p=0.064). Restoration after surgical birth, which indicates a microbiome-mediated effect, normalized weight phenotype but increased whole-body fat percentage (p=0.029) among young females. It also showed a trend to increase whole-body bone mineral content among young males (p=0.054). The non-significant trends in changes in skeletal development should be further examined by to increase the number of animals for greater statistical power. The results supported the hypothesis that microbes interfere with developmental growth.
Hydrogen Crossover in PEM Water Electrolysis at Current Densities up to 10 A cm−2
Creators: name: Martin, Agate
name: Trinke, Patrick
name: Bensmann, Boris
name: Hanke-Rauschenbach, Richard
Publisher: name: Bristol : IOP Publishing
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Current density
subject: Drag
subject: Electrodes
subject: Electrolysis
subject: Gas chromatography
subject: Polyelectrolytes
subject: Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC)
subject: Critical issues
subject: Crossover flux
subject: Electrolysis cell
subject: Hydrogen diffusion
subject: Operating parameters
subject: PEM water electrolysis
subject: Polymer electrolyte membranes
subject: Temperature and pressures
subject: Transport mechanism
subject: Water electrolysis
subject: Hydrogen
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Hydrogen crossover poses a critical issue in terms of the safe and efficient operation in polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE). The impact of key operating parameters such as temperature and pressure on crossover was investigated in the past. However, many recent studies suggest that the relation between the hydrogen crossover flux and the current density is not fully resolved. This study investigates the hydrogen crossover of PEMWE cells using a thin Nafion 212 membrane at current densities up to 10 A cm−2 and cathode pressures up to 10 bar, by analysing the anode product gas with gas chromatography. The results show that the hydrogen crossover flux generally increases over the entire current density range. However, the fluxes pass through regions with varying slopes and flatten in the high current regime. Only considering hydrogen diffusion as the single transport mechanism is insufficient to explain these data. Under the prevailing conditions, it is concluded that the electro-osmotic drag of water containing dissolved hydrogen should be considered additionally as a hydrogen transport mechanism. The drag of water acts opposite to hydrogen diffusion and has an attenuating effect on the hydrogen crossover in PEMWE cells with increasing current densities.
Markets, Institutions, and the Quality of Agricultural Products: Cotton Quality in India
Creators: name: MacDonald, Stephen
name: Naik, Gopal
name: Landes, Rip
name: MacDonald, Stephen
name: Naik, Gopal
name: Landes, Rip
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Production Economics

description: The modern global textile industry requires cotton with strong and consistent fibers in order to produce high quality goods at the high speeds necessary to recover capital costs. The introduction of high volume instrument (HVI) measurement of cotton fiber quality has strengthened the link between cotton prices and attributes on world markets. The spread of genetically modified (GMO) cotton in India has driven India to the second ranked producer and exporter of cotton in the world. However, contamination and other quality problems are endemic to Indian cotton. Using a unique data set of Indian cotton prices and quality attributes from 5 Indian states, this study uses hedonic price modeling to demonstrate that the linkages between cotton quality and price are weaker in India than they are in the United States.
Lorentzian correction for the evolution of the CMB temperature
Creators: name: Novais, Artur
name: Ribeiro, A. L. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observational evidence consistently shows that the universe is spatially flat and undergoes Lorentzian time dilation as a function of redshift. In combination, such discoveries suggest that a Minkowskian description of cosmology might be technically viable. The thermal evolution that transpires in a conformal spacetime is herein derived. The description is constrained by the energy conservation of a unified cosmic fluid. The resulting model puts forth a Lorentzian correction for the temperature of the CMB as a function of redshift, which improves current data fitting without adding any free parameter. Furthermore, it sheds light upon the early galaxy formation problem: our model predicts up to 0.86 Gyr older objects within the first two billion years of the structure evolution in the universe.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures
Supply and demand shocks in the COVID-19 pandemic: An industry and occupation perspective
Creators: name: del Rio-Chanona, R. Maria
name: Mealy, Penny
name: Pichler, Anton
name: Lafond, Francois
name: Farmer, Doyne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We provide quantitative predictions of first order supply and demand shocks for the U.S. economy associated with the COVID-19 pandemic at the level of individual occupations and industries. To analyze the supply shock, we classify industries as essential or non-essential and construct a Remote Labor Index, which measures the ability of different occupations to work from home. Demand shocks are based on a study of the likely effect of a severe influenza epidemic developed by the US Congressional Budget Office. Compared to the pre-COVID period, these shocks would threaten around 22% of the US economy's GDP, jeopardise 24% of jobs and reduce total wage income by 17%. At the industry level, sectors such as transport are likely to have output constrained by demand shocks, while sectors relating to manufacturing, mining and services are more likely to be constrained by supply shocks. Entertainment, restaurants and tourism face large supply and demand shocks. At the occupation level, we show that high-wage occupations are relatively immune from adverse supply and demand-side shocks, while low-wage occupations are much more vulnerable. We should emphasize that our results are only first-order shocks -- we expect them to be substantially amplified by feedback effects in the production network.
Vortices in attractive Bose-Einstein condensates in two dimensions
Creators: name: Carr, L. D.
name: Clark, Charles W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The form and stability of quantum vortices in Bose-Einstein condensates with attractive atomic interactions is elucidated. They appear as ring bright solitons, and are a generalization of the Townes soliton to nonzero winding number $m$. An infinite sequence of radially excited stationary states appear for each value of $m$, which are characterized by concentric matter-wave rings separated by nodes, in contrast to repulsive condensates, where no such set of states exists. It is shown that robustly stable as well as unstable regimes may be achieved in confined geometries, thereby suggesting that vortices and their radial excited states can be observed in experiments on attractive condensates in two dimensions.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
The Theory of Thermodynamic Relativity
Creators: name: Livadiotis, George
name: McComas, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce the theory of thermodynamic relativity, a unified framework for describing both entropies and velocities, and their respective disciplines of thermodynamics and kinematics, which share a surprisingly identical description with relativity. This is the first study to generalize relativity in a thermodynamic context, leading naturally to anisotropic and nonlinear adaptations of relativity; thermodynamic relativity constitutes a new path of generalization, as compared to the traditional passage from special to general theory based on curved spacetime. We show that entropy and velocity are characterized by three identical postulates, providing the basis of a broader framework of relativity: (1) no privileged reference frame with zero value; (2) existence of an invariant and fixed value for all reference frames; and (3) existence of stationarity. The postulates lead to a unique way of addition for entropies and for velocities, called kappa addition. The theory provides a systematic method of constructing a generalized framework of the theory of relativity, based on the kappa addition, fully consistent with both thermodynamics and kinematics. From the generality of the kappa addition, we focus on the cases corresponding to linear special relativity. Then, we show how the thermodynamic relativity leads to the addition of entropies in nonextensive thermodynamics and the addition of velocities in the isotropic special relativity of Einstein, as in two extreme cases, while intermediate cases correspond to an anisotropic adaptation of relativity. Using thermodynamic relativity for velocities, we construct the anisotropic special relativity (asymmetric Lorentz transformation, nondiagonal metric, energy momentum velocity relations). Then, we discuss the consequences of the anisotropy in known relativistic effects: (1) matter antimatter asymmetry, (2) time dilation, and (3) Doppler effect.
How to Use the Levers of Modularity Properly—Linking Modularization to Economic Targets
Creators: name: Schwede, Lea-Nadine
name: Greve, Erik
name: Krause, Dieter
name: Otto, Kevin
name: Moon, Seung Ki
name: Albers, Albert
name: Kirchner, Eckhard
name: Lachmayer, Roland
name: Bursac, Nikola
name: Inkermann, David
name: Rapp, Simon
name: Hausmann, Maximilian
name: Schneider, Jannik
Publisher: name: New York, NY : ASME
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: conceptual design
subject: design theory and methodology
subject: product development
subject: product family design
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Product developers are faced with the challenge of covering an ever-increasing external variety with as little internal variety as possible. Modular product architectures offer one way of resolving the challenge. They have an impact on all life phases and on economic targets. These effects are represented in the Impact Model of Modular Product Families. A large number of modularization methods can be found in the literature. The modularization methods consist of different activities: decomposition of product, analysis and revision of components, and reintegration to modules. Module drivers play a major role in reintegration, as they determine which components together form a module. It is not yet clear what effects different modularization methods involving different module drivers have on economic targets. For this reason, the module drivers are examined in their role as levers of modularity and integrated into the Impact Model via access points. By documenting the results in a specially developed uniform method step description and the Impact Model, we enable the selection of modularization methods with regard to their economic impact. The introduction is followed by the state of research. In Sec. 3, the research problem and the research approach are presented. In Sec. 4, the generic method step description is applied to seven modularization methods. Based thereon, the modularization methods are compared with each other with regard to their addressed economic objectives. In an explanatory example, the method selection made possible by this is presented. Finally, the results are discussed and an outlook is given.
Understanding individuals’ decisions to install photovoltaic solar panels
Creators: name: Kocakuşak, Diren
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: Ever-growing energy demand since the Industrial Revolution is likely to continue over the upcoming decades, and making the transition to renewable energy sources takes longer than anticipated. Solar energy is one of the most important renewable energy sources, and the cost of installing photovoltaic solar systems has decreased significantly as the global photovoltaic solar system industry has grown since the beginning of this century. In the United States, the adoption of residential photovoltaic solar systems has the potential to add up to a significant change, considering the ubiquity of solar irradiation and the prevalence of low-density residential development. This study investigated the diffusion of photovoltaic solar systems in residential buildings to support sustainable development goals.I built a series of regression models to analyze the impact of socio-economic, geographical, and technical factors on the photovoltaic solar panel adoption rate in residential buildings. I aggregated more than 1 million photovoltaic solar panel installation records at the ZIP code level, which allowed me to calculate the adoption rate and control the abovementioned factors. Moreover, I conducted in-depth interviews with key actors from the solar industry in New Jersey to understand how the solar industry adapts to the changes in solar policies and attitudes of residential users.The results indicate that electricity prices and solar irradiation are the most significant factors for residential users to install photovoltaic solar systems. Moreover, renewable energy policies increase the relative advantage of these systems and directly impact the adoption rates. Investigating California and New Jersey examples revealed that financial programs such as tax credits and renewable energy certificate trading mechanisms create the highest incentive for homeowners. Besides, standardization of the application process, permit fees, and inspections help to reduce the soft costs associated with installations. The case study on New Jersey highlighted the absence of standardized solar application procedures and outdated interconnection standards, which limits the diffusion of photovoltaic solar systems and slows down the transition to renewable energy sources.
title: A Language on the Move. The Greek Language in the Multilingual Social Environments of South Eastern and Central Europe (18th Century to Early 19th Century)
Creators: name: Mantouvalos, Ikaros
Publisher: name: Universität Graz
Year: 2020

description: In: Daniela Haarmann / Konrad Petrovszky (eds.), Language and Society in 18th Century South Eastern Europe / Sprache und Gesellschaft in Südosteuropa im 18. Jahrhundert, Yearbook of the Society for 18th Century Studies on South Eastern Europe 3 (2020), 197–220.
Non-orthodox labour in early modern Russia
Creators: name: Nolte, Hans-Heinrich
Publisher: name: Volgograd : Izdat. Volgogradskogo Gosudarstvennogo Univ.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 17 century th
subject: Early-Modern Russia
subject: Non-Orthodox servants
subject: peasants
subject: serfs
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::900 | Geschichte und Geografie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::320 | Politik

description: While the Tsardom Russia in Early Modern Times till the 18th century experienced a constant demographic loss to slavehunters supplying the markets of Muslim Empires, there also was an influx of Non-Orthodox Prisoners of War (from Muslim Tatars to Protestant Swedes) and socially weak people from annexed territories. Most Jasak-paying communities remained ethnically Non-Russian, but some Non-Orthodox “foreigners” by being sold or selling themselves left their communities and entered the status of peasants respectively kholops. These mostly were integrated into the Russian Orthodox flock. By prohibiting Orthodox people to serve in Non-Orthodox households clergy and government hoped to safeguard laypeople against other creeds, but strengthened the labour-market of Non-Orthodox servants. Muslim estate-owners, Armenian merchants, German doctors, Scottish officers etc. wanted servants in house and garden to care for their households and keep their social standings. Non-Orthodox servants, referred to but not regulated in the basic law of 1649, remained ethnically Non-Russian and confirmed Russia's character as “multi-ethnic Empire”.
Schoutedeniessa pauliani  1957
Creators: name: Heiss, Ernst
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Aradidae
Schoutedeniessa
Schoutedeniessa pauliani

description: Schoutedeniessa pauliani (Hoberlandt), 1957
Maynea pauliani Hoberlandt, 1957: 40. HT 3: Madagascar (Angavokely); ISMT Schoutedeniessa pauliani Usinger & Matsuda, 1959: 288
Schoutedeniessa pauliani (Hoberlandt), 1963: 159
Distr.: Madagascar; (Périnet [=Andasibe]: Hoberlandt, 1963)
Ref.: Hoberlandt, 1957 (tax.,key, fig.); 1963 (distr.); Kormilev & Froeschner, 1987:190 (cat.)
description: Published as part of Heiss, Ernst, 2012, Annotated catalogue of the flat bug family Aradidae Brullé, 1836 of Madagascar and adjacent islands (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), pp. 45-63 in Zootaxa 3426 (1) on page 59, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3426.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/214110
Source Data of Fig. 3g
Creators: name: Yingzhong Li
name: Irvine, Darrell J.
name: Weiss, Ron
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111204 Cancer Therapy (excl. Chemotherapy and Radiation Therapy)
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: The Source Data are for Fig. 3g of paper "Multifunctional oncolytic nanoparticles deliver self-replicating IL-12 RNA to eliminate established tumors and prime systemic immunity".
Is Presentation Everything? Using Visual Presentation of Attributes in Discrete Choice Experiments to Measure the Relative Importance of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Beef Attributes
Creators: name: Umberger, Wendy J.
name: Mueller, Simone C.
name: Umberger, Wendy J.
name: Mueller, Simone C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: discrete choice experiment
subject: visual attribute presentation
subject: willingness to pay
subject: beef
subject: extrinsic attributes
subject: food labeling

description: A unique discrete choice experiment (DCE) is used to estimate the relative importance of quality attributes to Australian beef consumers. In the DCE, consumers choose their preferred beef steaks from options varying in a large number of intrinsic (marbling and fat trim) and extrinsic/credence (brand, health, forage, meat standards/quality, and production and process claims) attributes. This study is the only known DCE to present these attributes to consumers visually – in a manner that more realistically simulates the retail choice scenario for beef and allows us to evaluate the relative importance of attributes that consumers use both consciously and unconsciously when making product choices. Respondents’ beef choices were analyzed using a latent class scale adjusted choice model. We address two import issues that have potentially strong implications for the validity of estimated attribute values: intrinsic attributes are likely to be underestimated in their importance if not presented visually; and DCEs that exclude important attributes (such as intrinsic characteristics) are likely to overestimate the value of product characteristics. The results suggest that visual attribute level presentation in DCEs results in less biased value estimates. Therefore, it is not only important to consider what attributes to include, but also how you present the attributes.
Quantum droplets of dipolar mixtures
Creators: name: Bisset, R. N.
name: Ardila, L. A. Peña
name: Santos, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently achieved two-component dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates open exciting possibilities for the study of mixtures of ultra-dilute quantum liquids. While non-dipolar self-bound mixtures are necessarily miscible with an approximately fixed ratio between the two densities, the density ratio for the dipolar case is free. As a result, self-bound dipolar mixtures present qualitatively novel and much richer physics, characterized by three possible ground-state phases: miscible, symmetric immiscible and asymmetric immiscible, which may in principle occur at any population imbalance. Self-bound immiscible droplets are possible due to mutual non-local inter-component attraction, which results in the formation of a droplet molecule. Moreover, our analysis of the impurity regime, shows that quantum fluctuations in the majority component crucially modify the miscibility of impurities. Our work opens intriguing perspectives for the exploration of spinor physics in ultra-dilute liquids, which should resemble to some extent that of 4He-3He droplets and impurity-doped helium droplets.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Lattice Boltzmann simulations of apparent slip in hydrophobic microchannels
Creators: name: Harting, Jens
name: Kunert, Christian
name: Herrmann, Hans J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Various experiments have found a boundary slip in hydrophobic microchannel flows, but a consistent understanding of the results is still lacking. While Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations cannot reach the low shear rates and large system sizes of the experiments, it is often impossible to resolve the needed details with macroscopic approaches. We model the interaction between hydrophobic channel walls and a fluid by means of a multi-phase lattice Boltzmann model. Our mesoscopic approach overcomes the limitations of MD simulations and can reach the small flow velocities of known experiments. We reproduce results from experiments at small Knudsen numbers and other simulations, namely an increase of slip with increasing liquid-solid interactions, the slip being independent of the flow velocity, and a decreasing slip with increasing bulk pressure. Within our model we develop a semi-analytic approximation of the dependence of the slip on the pressure.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Examining Income Convergence in Southern United States
Creators: name: Gyawali, Buddhi Raj
name: Banerjee, Swagata (Ban)
name: Bukenya, James O.
name: Gyawali, Buddhi Raj
name: Banerjee, Swagata (Ban)
name: Bukenya, James O.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: County-level data for 11 southern states were used to examine income convergence between 1980 and 2000. Ordinary least squares regression of logarithmic difference on average per capita income in 1980 and 2000 indicated conditional income convergence over the 20-year period. The estimated rate of income convergence was 3.82% per year. This convergence varied across the region based on the initial and changed conditions of population density, African-American population, employment, education, age structure, and travel time to work.
Renormalization-Scheme-Independent Perturbation Theory by Resumming Logarithms
Creators: name: Dams, Chris
name: Kleiss, Ronald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results of perturbation theory in quantum field theory generally depend on the renormalization scheme that is in use. In particular, they depend on the scale. We try to make perturbation theory scheme invariant by re-expanding with respect to a scheme invariant quantity. Furthermore, we investigate whether the potentially large logarithms in such an expansion cause inaccuracy and how this can be improved.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures. First replaced version: added one reference. Second replaced version: added two references, mention effective-charge method, added remarks about further research possibilities, changed size of graphs a little
Adsorption and separation of methane and light gases on 3D graphene sponge and graphene oxide using Monte Carlo simulation
Creators: name: Xu, Pengfei
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: This work aimed to explore the potential of graphene and graphene oxide as a membrane to separate light alkanes and small inorganic molecules like N2 and CO2. We used grand canonical Monte Carlo Simulations to compare the adsorption behavior of pure N2, CO2, CH4, C2H6, C3H8,n-C4H10,i-C4H10, C6H6, C7H8 on three framework 3D Nano Graphene Sponge (NGS), 3D Graphene Oxide with Carbon/Oxide ratio at 1:5(GO15) and Graphene Oxide with Carbon/Oxide ratio at 1:9(GO19). Binary Mixture simulations are also carried out to compare the affinity of molecules to the framework when two kinds of molecules are present in one system at the same time. The results revealed the relationship between adsorption uptake and pore size distribution, void fraction, charging interaction, VDW interaction. The NGS, GO15, GO19 have all shown good selectivity with methane/light alkane mixture. The GO19 has middle void fractions, largest surface area, middle charge density, and lowest VDW interaction among NGS, GO15, GO19.
Plumber_FishyBusiness.pdf
Creators: name: Plumber, Ammar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 140201 Agricultural Economics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 149902 Ecological Economics
subject: Geography
subject: 60299 Ecology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 50204 Environmental Impact Assessment
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 50205 Environmental Management

description: This paper examines the long-term trajectory of the Egyptian fish farming industry. It examines international aquaculture production time series data and utilizes historical, ecological, political, and economic lenses to assess growth opportunities for the sector and obstacles that must be dealt with.
Schoutedeniessa poissoni Hoberlandt 1957
Creators: name: Heiss, Ernst
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Aradidae
Schoutedeniessa
Schoutedeniessa poissoni

description: Schoutedeniessa poissoni (Hoberlandt), 1957
Maynea poissoni Hoberlandt, 1957: 43. HT ♀: Madagascar (SE, Vallée d’Ambolo, Col de Sakavalana); MNHN
Schoutedeniessa poissoni Usinger & Matsuda, 1959: 288
Schoutedeniessa poissoni (Hoberlandt), 1963: 159
Distr.: Madagascar; (Périnet [=Andasibe]: Hoberlandt, 1963)
Ref.: Hoberlandt, 1957 (tax.,key, fig.); 1963 (distr.); Kormilev & Froeschner,1987: 191 (cat.)
description: Published as part of Heiss, Ernst, 2012, Annotated catalogue of the flat bug family Aradidae Brullé, 1836 of Madagascar and adjacent islands (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), pp. 45-63 in Zootaxa 3426 (1) on pages 59-60, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3426.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/214110
AdaShadow: Responsive Test-time Model Adaptation in Non-stationary Mobile Environments
Creators: name: Fang, Cheng
name: Liu, Sicong
name: Zhou, Zimu
name: Guo, Bin
name: Tang, Jiaqi
name: Ma, Ke
name: Yu, Zhiwen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: On-device adapting to continual, unpredictable domain shifts is essential for mobile applications like autonomous driving and augmented reality to deliver seamless user experiences in evolving environments. Test-time adaptation (TTA) emerges as a promising solution by tuning model parameters with unlabeled live data immediately before prediction. However, TTA's unique forward-backward-reforward pipeline notably increases the latency over standard inference, undermining the responsiveness in time-sensitive mobile applications. This paper presents AdaShadow, a responsive test-time adaptation framework for non-stationary mobile data distribution and resource dynamics via selective updates of adaptation-critical layers. Although the tactic is recognized in generic on-device training, TTA's unsupervised and online context presents unique challenges in estimating layer importance and latency, as well as scheduling the optimal layer update plan. AdaShadow addresses these challenges with a backpropagation-free assessor to rapidly identify critical layers, a unit-based runtime predictor to account for resource dynamics in latency estimation, and an online scheduler for prompt layer update planning. Also, AdaShadow incorporates a memory I/O-aware computation reuse scheme to further reduce latency in the reforward pass. Results show that AdaShadow achieves the best accuracy-latency balance under continual shifts. At low memory and energy costs, Adashadow provides a 2x to 3.5x speedup (ms-level) over state-of-the-art TTA methods with comparable accuracy and a 14.8% to 25.4% accuracy boost over efficient supervised methods with similar latency.
description: This paper is accepted by SenSys 2024. Copyright may be transferred without notice
The Optimal Geometry of the Acousto-Optic Interaction in Selected Crystalline Materials Determined by Extreme Surfaces Method
Creators: name: Andrushchak, Anatoliy
name: Buryy, Oleh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optimal geometries of the acousto-optic interaction are determined by extreme surfaces method for a number of acousto-optic crystals.
Tumor growth instability and the onset of invasion
Creators: name: Castro, Mario
name: Molina-Paris, Carmen
name: Deisboeck, Thomas s.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by experimental observations, we develop a mathematical model of chemotactically directed tumor growth. We present an analytical study of the model as well as a numerical one. The mathematical analysis shows that: (i) tumor cell proliferation by itself cannot generate the invasive branching behaviour observed experimentally, (ii) heterotype chemotaxis provides an instability mechanism that leads to the onset of tumor invasion and (iii) homotype chemotaxis does not provide such an instability mechanism but enhances the mean speed of the tumor surface. The numerical results not only support the assumptions needed to perform the mathematical analysis but they also provide evidence of (i), (ii) and (iii). Finally, both the analytical study and the numerical work agree with the experimental phenomena.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, revtex4
The identification of the Rosa S-locus provides new insights into the breeding and wild origins of continuous-flowering roses
Creators: name: Kawamura, Koji
name: Ueda, Yoshihiro
name: Matsumoto, Shogo
name: Horibe, Takanori
name: Otagaki, Shungo
name: Wang, Li
name: Wang, Guoliang
name: Hibrand-Saint Oyant, Laurence
name: Foucher, Fabrice
name: Linde, Marcus
name: Debener, Thomas
Publisher: name: London : Nature Publ. Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::630 | Landwirtschaft, Veterinärmedizin
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::640 | Hauswirtschaft und Familienleben

description: This study aims to: (i) identify the Rosa S-locus controlling self-incompatibility (SI); (ii) test the genetic linkage of the S-locus with other loci controlling important ornamental traits, such as the continuous-flowering (CF) characteristic; (iii) identify the S-alleles (SC) of old Chinese CF cultivars (e.g, Old Blush, Slater's Crimson China) and examine the changes in the frequency of cultivars with Sc through the history of breeding; (iv) identify wild species carrying the Sc-alleles to infer wild origins of CF cultivars. We identified a new S-RNase (SC2) of Rosa chinensis in a contig from a genome database that has not been integrated into one of the seven chromosomes yet. Genetic mapping indicated that SC2 is allelic to the previously-identified S-RNase (SC1) in chromosome 3. Pollination experiments with half-compatible pairs of roses confirmed that they are the pistil-determinant of SI. The segregation analysis of an F1-population indicated genetic linkage between the S-locus and the floral repressor gene KSN. The non-functional allele ksn is responsible for the CF characteristic. A total of five S-alleles (SC1-5) were identified from old CF cultivars. The frequency of cultivars with SC dramatically increased after the introgression of ksn from Chinese to European cultivars and remains high (80%) in modern cultivars, suggesting that S-genotyping is helpful for effective breeding. Wild individuals carrying SC were found in Rosa multiflora (SC1), Rosa chinensis var. spontanea (SC3), and Rosa gigantea (SC2, SC4), supporting the hypothesis of hybrid origins of CF cultivars and providing a new evidence for the involvement of Rosa multiflora.
The structure and function of thylakoid membranes in a marine diatom
Creators: name: Cheong, Kuan Yu
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: Thylakoid membranes enable oxygenic photosynthesis, a crucial photobiochemical reaction that altered the history of Earth systems and sustains all present aerobic life forms. Despite centuries of research into photosynthesis, our understanding of the structure and function of thylakoid membranes is constantly evolving. This body of work aims to close the knowledge gaps in the following areas in marine diatoms: i) the spatial distribution of a photosynthetic protein complex known as photosystem II (PSII) in thylakoid membranes; ii) thylakoid lipid-protein interactions in bioenergetics for thermal acclimation; and iii) regulation of thylakoid lipid saturation through an electrical signal. To gain insights into diatoms, a dominant phytoplanktonic taxon in the climate change-sensitive polar and temperate seas, I conducted these studies in a fully sequenced and transformable model marine diatom, Phaeodactylum tricornutum. An overview of consolidated literature on these subjects is provided in Chapter 1. In Chapter 2, I examined the structure and spatial distribution of PSII. Using a protocol that integrates on-grid immunogold labeling and cryo-electron tomography, I identified two populations of PSII (PSII supercomplexes and core subunit arrays) embedded in thylakoid membranes. This protocol will provide a framework to identify protein of unknown structure in crowded, near-native cellular conditions and generate structural signatures to facilitate future high-resolution structural studies. In Chapter 3, I examined the saturation of thylakoid‐associated fatty acids and their contribution to bioenergetic coupling for thermal acclimation. Data suggest that the ability of diatoms to generate a proton motive force may be a sensitive parameter for thermal sensitivity diagnosis. Based on this concept, I developed an in vivo biophysical assay that could be used for in situ evaluation of thylakoid structural integrity in phytoplankton in the open oceans. In Chapter 4, I investigated the potential role of the redox state of the plastoquinone pool in regulating nuclear-encoded fatty acid desaturases. I observed a strong connection between these two components that are critical to thylakoid structure and function. This may potentially be an important, but unrecognized retrograde signaling pathway that couples photosynthetic electron transport and the physical state of thylakoid membranes. Lastly, I summarized information gained from this dissertation and provided future direction in Chapter 5.
Magnetization and Spin-Diffusion of Liquid 3He in Aerogel
Creators: name: Sauls, J. A.
name: Bunkov, Yu. M.
name: Collin, E.
name: Godfrin, H.
name: Sharma, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report theoretical calculations of the normal-state spin diffusion coefficient of 3He in aerogel, including both elastic and inelastic scattering of 3He quasiparticles, and compare these results with experimental data for 3He in 98% porous silica aerogel. This analysis provides a determination of the elastic mean free path within the aerogel. Measurements of the magnetization of the superfluid phase provide a test of the theory of pairbreaking and magnetic response of low-energy excitations in the ``dirty'' B-phase of 3He in aerogel. A consistent interpretation of the data for the spin-diffusion coefficient, magnetization and superfluid transition temperature is obtained by including correlation effects in the aerogel density.
description: 7 pages with 9 figures
Marketing System and Efficiency of Indian Major Carps in India
Creators: name: Kumar, B. Ganesh
name: Datta, K.K.
name: Reddy, G. Vidya Sagar
name: Menon, Muktha
name: Kumar, B. Ganesh
name: Datta, K.K.
name: Reddy, G. Vidya Sagar
name: Menon, Muktha
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: The Kolleru Lake area (KLA) in Andhra Pradesh being a predominant centre for carp culture is known as the ‘Carp Pocket of India’. This paper has described the highly efficient fish marketing system prevalent in the KLA and has compared it with the marketing of Indian Major Carps (IMC) in other major aquaculture states like West Bengal and Orissa and marine states like Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu. The marketing channels, market intermediaries, price spread and marketing efficiency have been presented. A comparison of the marketing channels at several fish markets has revealed that the price spread for IMC from Kolleru is highest at the Mumbai market and lowest at the Coimbatore market. Consequently, fishermen’s share in consumer price has been found highest for Coimbatore at 61.54 per cent and lowest for Mumbai at 47.06 per cent. Similarly, the marketing efficiency was the highest for Coimbatore at 2.60 and lowest for Mumbai at 1.89. Retail price for KLA carps has been found lower than locally cultured carps at various areas, reflecting the efficiency of the marketing channel in providing cheap fish transported over large distances and through a large number of intermediaries. The reasons for the efficient IMC marketing system at KLA have been discussed and the study has recommended the development of efficient fish marketing system in other parts of the country.
Measurement of Ehrlich-Schwoebel barrier contribution to the self-organized formation of ordered surface patterns on Ge(001)
Creators: name: Myint, Peco
name: Erb, Denise
name: Zhang, Xiaozhi
name: Wiegart, Lutz
name: Zhang, Yugang
name: Fluerasu, Andrei
name: Headrick, Randall L.
name: Facsko, Stefan
name: Ludwig,, Karl F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Normal incidence 1 keV Ar$^+$ ion bombardment leads to amorphization and ultrasmoothing of Ge at room temperature, but at elevated temperatures the Ge surface remains crystalline and is unstable to the formation of self-organized nanoscale patterns of ordered pyramid-shaped pits. The physical phenomenon distinguishing the high temperature patterning from room temperature ultrasmoothing is believed to be a surface instability due to the Ehrlich-Schwoebel barrier for diffusing vacancies and adatoms, which is not present on the amorphous material. This real-time GISAXS study compares smoothing of a pre-patterned Ge sample at room temperature with patterning of an initially flat Ge sample at an elevated temperature. In both experiments, when the nanoscale structures are relatively small in height, the average kinetics can be explained by a linear theory. The linear theory coefficients, indicating surface stability or instability, were extracted for both experiments. A comparison between the two measurements allows estimation of the contribution of the Ehrlich-Schwoebel barrier to the self-organized formation of ordered nanoscale patterns on crystalline Ge surfaces.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2007.12294, arXiv:2007.12253