cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Search for Supersymmetry Using Events with a Photon Plus Lepton and Missing Transverse Momentum in Proton-Proton Collisions at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV with the CMS Detector
Creators: name: Menglei Sun
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 20399 Classical Physics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results of a search for new physics in events with a photon, an electron or muon, and large missing transverse momentum (pTmiss ) is presented. The study
is based on a sample of proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s)= 13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb-1 collected with the CMS detector in 2016. Many models of new physics predict events with significant pTmiss in addition to electroweak gauge bosons. Models of supersymmetry (SUSY) with gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking naturally yield events with photons in the final state. Searches for events with both a photon and a lepton enhanced the sensitivity to electroweak production of supersymmetric particles. No significant excess above the standard model background is observed in the signal
region. We interpret the results of our search in the context of SUSY with gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking as well as simplified SUSY models.
Kinship Collation: Trends in 19th Century UK kinship networks evidenced from rural Aberdeenshire
Creators: name: Riddell, Iain E.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2019
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This thesis presents kinship collation a social history tool that can reveal the sense of community as experienced by past individuals from the mapping of their networks with related people across landscapes, social institutions and economic activity. The tool was developed from a doctoral project that worked from the interdisciplinary scholarly space created by modern, digitised genealogical endeavour and synergises methodological theories with processes that can repurpose the British-sphere record base of enumeration returns and population records.The thesis challenges the longstanding belief that British data does not carry information on the kinship behaviours of nineteenth-century actors; instead, it reveals that the data has been intentionally and unintentionally hidden. It has taken the development of improved accessibility, enhanced visualisation and data management technology combined with a specific theorisation of kinship to reveal the varied kinship connectivity that ran through society influenced in form by socioeconomic currents. The thesis, therefore, asserts that British orthodoxy on kinship has fallen behind the theoretical discussions on the nature of kinship as mutuality and reciprocity between actors as it manifests in European cultures. The discourse follows an anthropological argument that not all relatives, even close ones are automatically kin, aligned to a hypothesis that kinship is not limited to the private world of the domestic co-residency.The importance of kinship collation to map the lived community and identify kinship is amplified from a Scottish region; the sprawl of kinship is tracked as it was sustained across continents, over many decades and passed between generations. The networks are analysed for indicators of social forces that operated through the structures of the modern world, democracy, liberal values and capitalist structures and as individual social capital that stabilised women and men in their situations.
Depinning by Fracture in a Glassy Background
Creators: name: Hastings, M. B.
name: Reichhardt, C. J. Olson
name: Reichhardt, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We force a single particle through a two-dimensional simulated glass. We find that the particle velocity obeys a robust power law that persists to drives well above threshold. As the single driven particle moves, it induces cooperative distortions in the surrounding medium. We show theoretically that a fracture model for these distortions produces power law behavior, and discuss implications for experimental probes of soft matter systems.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Onset Mechanism of M6.5 Solar Flare Observed in Active Region 12371
Creators: name: Kang, Jihye
name: Inoue, Satoshi
name: Kusano, Kanya
name: Park, Sung-Hong
name: Moon, Yong-Jae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied a flare onset process in terms of stability of a three-dimensional (3D) magnetic field in active region 12371 producing an eruptive M6.5 flare in 2015 June 22. In order to reveal the 3D magnetic structure, we first extrapolated the 3D coronal magnetic fields based on time series of the photospheric vector magnetic fields under a nonlinear force-free field (NLFFF) approximation. The NLFFFs nicely reproduced the observed sigmoidal structure which is widely considered to be preeruptive magnetic configuration. In particular, we found that the sigmoid is composed of two branches of sheared arcade loops. On the basis of the NLFFFs, we investigated the sheared arcade loops to explore the onset process of the eruptive flare using three representative magnetohydrodynamic instabilities: the kink, torus, and double arc instabilities (DAI). The DAI, recently proposed by Ishiguro & Kusano, is a double arc loop that can be more easily destabilized than a torus loop. Consequently, the NLFFFs are found to be quite stable against the kink and torus instabilities. However, the sheared arcade loops formed prior to the flare possibly become unstable against the DAI. As a possible scenario for the onset process of the M6.5 flare, we suggest a three-step process: (1) double arc loops are formed by the sheared arcade loops through the tether-cutting reconnection during an early phase of the flare, (2) the DAI contributes to the expansion of destabilized double arc loops, and (3) finally, the torus instability makes the full eruption.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Everything feels like the future but us: The Posthuman Master-Slave Dynamic in Japanese Science Fiction Anime
Creators: name: Daly, Ryan
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2019

description: This thesis is an exploration of the relationships between humans and mechanized beings in Japanese science fiction anime. In it I will be discussing the following texts: Ergo Proxy (2006), Chobits (2002), Gunslinger Girl (2003/2004), and Mahoromatic (2001/2002). I argue that these relationships in these anime series take the form of master/slave relationships, with the humans as the masters and the mechanized beings as the slaves. In virtually every case, the mechanized beings are young females and the masters are older human males. I will argue that this dynamic serves to reinforce traditional power structures and gender dynamics in a posthuman landscape. Additionally, I will argue that by enforcing a dynamic of human-male as master and nonhuman-female as slave, science fiction anime works to fortify the “human” as the primary subject of society. This is done to preserve humanism in the overpowering wave of posthumanism.
Planning for Industrial Land and Industrial Jobs: An Evaluation of New York City's Industrial Business Zone Program
Creators: name: Davis, Jennifer
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2019

description: In recent years, industrial preservation policies, which aim to preserve urban industrial activity and industrial employment often through the preservation of industrial land, have emerged as a flashpoint in cities across the country that have implemented these policies. While critics contend that industrial preservation policies amount to smokestack chasing in “post-industrial” cities like New York City, industrial preservationists argue that such policies help to preserve well-paying, middle-class jobs and thus represent a tool to mitigate rising income inequalities in cities. Despite considerable attention to these policies, minimal research has evaluated the effectiveness of industrial preservation policies as land use and economic development planning tools. This paper inserts itself into the debate surrounding the utility of industrial preservation policies by evaluating the effectiveness of New York City’s 2006 Industrial Business Zone (IBZ) program. Specifically, this paper uses propensity scoring to evaluate various measures of urban industrial activity in designated IBZs compared to a control group of similar areas. This paper finds that IBZs outperformed the control group in terms of better stemming industrial employment losses and industrial land decline. The control group, however, provided a more favorable climate to industrial business starts and performed about the same as IBZs in encouraging capital investments in industrial infrastructure. These findings suggest that the IBZ program yielded mixed results in its efforts to both attract and retain urban industry.
Uncovering the Triplet Ground State of Triangular Graphene Nanoflakes Engineered with Atomic Precision on a Metal Surface
Creators: name: Li, Jingcheng
name: Sanz, Sofia
name: Castro-Esteban, Jesus
name: Vilas-Varela, Manuel
name: Friedrich, Niklas
name: Frederiksen, Thomas
name: Peña, Diego
name: Pascual, Jose Ignacio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Graphene can develop large magnetic moments in custom crafted open-shell nanostructures such as triangulene, a triangular piece of graphene with zigzag edges. Current methods of engineering graphene nano-systems on surfaces succeeded in producing atomically precise open-shell structures, but demonstration of their net spin remains elusive to date. Here, we fabricate triangulene-like graphene systems and demonstrate that they possess a spin $S=1$ ground state. Scanning tunnelling spectroscopy identifies the fingerprint of an underscreened $S=1$ Kondo state on \rev{these} flakes at low temperatures, signaling the dominant ferromagnetic interactions between two spins. Combined with simulations based on the meanfield Hubbard model, we show that this $S=1$ $π$-paramagnetism is robust, and can be manipulated to a $S=1/2$ state by adding additional H-atoms to the radical sites. \rev{Our results demonstrate that $π$-paramagnetism of high-spin graphene flakes can survive on surfaces, opening the door to study the quantum behaviour of interacting $π$-spins in graphene systems.
description: 4 figures plus supporting information, APS copyright
(RE)Developing Place: The Power of Narrative
Creators: name: Diomedi, Kinsey
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2019

description: Architectural space is a manifestation of human memory and experiences. It is a physical indicator of time and history, and it provides a canvas for us to imagine the future. Architecture anchors people in a moment in time and space, while also embodying the past and implying a future. It is not just a monument to time, but what has happened during that time; a collection of past human experiences and what will yet happen. Architecture is the manifestation of our stories, our lives. The more visually present these stories are in architecture, the richer the canvas, and the more readily it can be identified as Place. The slow and inevitable sinking of Venice, the interweaving of modern and ancient buildings of Rome, and the careful preservation of Machu Pichu. These places reach through time. We can imagine what it looked like in the past and dream of how it will change in the future. Place implies both continuity and change. New real estate developments are often associated with drastic and sudden change that often erases the history of a place and that rich linkage of accumulated markers of experiences and time. Many developers also seek to reduce the total cost of a project to increase profit margins by using cheaper, quicker construction. Most new buildings have an average lifespan of thirty years, and so the rate of change and renewal is quite high. While change is necessary and inevitable, the economic motivations of development make it more difficult to incorporate past memories and allow for future adaptations. These quick, nullifying changes come together to erode Place and create cold, bland, monotonous developments. This thesis proposes looking to narrative as a vehicle for understanding how Place comes to be. Approaching architecture as a narrative allows a designer to break down the system to better understand the components, and subsequently the whole. By using narrative, and the elements of narrative: Characters, Setting and Plot to shift the understanding of architectures role in the experience of the built world and how to develop real estate to create, or renew, the sense of Place in the modern built world.
The Association between Urinary Bisphenol-A, Phthalate Metabolites and Body Fat Composition in US Adults Using NHANES
Creators: name: Corbasson, Iris E
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2014

description: Due to the widespread use of the endocrine disruptors Bisphenol-A (BPA) and phthalates in many plastic consumer goods, medical equipment, and personal care products, more than 95% of the US population show detectable levels of urinary BPA and phthalate metabolites. Both have been linked to increased body mass index (BMI in kg/m2), an inexpensive diagnostic tool for obesity, which may however not reflect body fatness. Since excess body fat is associated with cardiovascular diseases, cancer and type II diabetes, it is important to understand the relationship between body fat composition and exposure to BPA and phthalates, a relationship that is still unknown. Using NHANES 1999-2006 data on adults aged >20 years, we investigated the relationship between urinary BPA (N=2,534), monoethyl-phthalate (mEP, N=5,431), monobutyl-phthalate (mBP), monoethylhexyl-phthalate (mEHP) and monobenzyl-phthalate (mBzP, each N=5,436) measured by high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, and body fat composition measured as lean mass (LM, grams), fat mass (FM, grams) and percent body fat (%BF) using Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry. A multivariable linear regression analysis yielded that independently of BMI, BPA, mBP, and mBzP were inversely associated with LM (quartile 4 b=-862.16 (354.65), -731.76 (248.89), -909.13 (252.32), respectively; all p<0.02, p-trend<0.02); mEHP and FM were inversely associated (quartile 4 b=-297.98 (144.87), p=0.04, p-trend<0.02); BPA, mBP, and mBzP were positively associated with %BF but not clinically significant. These results provide novel insights in the relationship between urinary BPA, phthalates and LM independent of BMI, and it highlights the need for prospective studies establishing temporality of this relationship.
Multiple Light Source Dataset for Colour Research
Creators: name: Smagina, Anna
name: Ershov, Egor
name: Grigoryev, Anton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a collection of 24 multiple object scenes each recorded under 18 multiple light source illumination scenarios. The illuminants are varying in dominant spectral colours, intensity and distance from the scene. We mainly address the realistic scenarios for evaluation of computational colour constancy algorithms, but also have aimed to make the data as general as possible for computational colour science and computer vision. Along with the images of the scenes, we provide spectral characteristics of the camera, light sources and the objects and include pixel-by-pixel ground truth annotation of uniformly coloured object surfaces thus making this useful for benchmarking colour-based image segmentation algorithms. The dataset is freely available at https://github.com/visillect/mls-dataset.
Higgs mass sum rule in the light of searching for $Z^{\prime}$ boson at the Tevatron
Creators: name: Kozlov, G. A.
name: Morii, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the Higgs boson mass sum rules in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model in order to estimate the upper limits on the masses of stop quarks as well as the lower bounds on the masses of the scalar Higgs boson states. The investigation of the bounds on the scale of quark-lepton compositeness derived from the CDF Collaboration (Fermilab Tevatron) data and applied to new extra gauge bosons is taken into account. These extra gauge bosons are considered in the framework of the extended $SU(2)_{h}\times SU(2)_{l}$ interaction model.
description: 9 pages, LaTeX, 3 figures (in eps format), no tables
Observation of $\bar{B}^0\to D^0π^0$ and $\bar{B}^0\to D^{*0}π^0$
Creators: name: CLEO Collaboration
name: Coan, T. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the color-suppressed hadronic decays of neutral B mesons into the final states D(*)0 pi0. Using 9.67 million B-pairs collected with the CLEO detector, we observe the decays B0bar -> D0 pi0 and B0bar -> D*0 pi0 with the branching fractions BR(B0bar -> D0 pi0) = (2.74 -0.32 +0.36 +-0.55) 10^{-4} and BR(B0bar -> D*0 pi0) = (2.20 -0.52 +0.59 +-0.79) 10^{-4}. The first error is statistical and the second systematic. The statistical significance of the D0 pi0 signal is 12.1 sigma (5.9 sigma for D*0 pi0). Utilizing the B0bar -> D(*)0 pi0 branching fractions we determine the strong phases delta_I between isospin 1/2 and 3/2 amplitudes in the D pi and D* pi final states to be cos delta_I = 0.89 +- 0.08 and cos delta_I = 0.89 +- 0.08, respectively.
description: 10 pages postscript, also available through http://w4.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLNS, to appear in PRL
Electronic Supplementary Materials from Host–pathogen immune feedbacks can explain widely divergent outcomes from similar infections
Creators: name: Ellner, Stephen P.
name: Buchon, Nicolas
name: Dörr, Tobias
name: Lazzaro, Brian P.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 60114 Systems Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Figures and Mathematical Appendices
Charm-sea Contribution to High-p_T ψProduction at the Fermilab Tevatron
Creators: name: Qiao, Cong-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The direct production of $J/ψ(ψ')$ at large transverse momentum, $p_T \gg M_{J/ψ}$, at the Fermilab Tevatron is revisited. It is found that the sea-quark initiated processes dominate in the high-$p_T$ region within the framework of color-singlet model, which is not widely realized. We think this finding is enlightening for further investigation on the charmonium production mechanism.
description: Conclusions not changed, to appear in J. of Phys. G
Dysphagia Management in Schools: A Survey of Speech-Language Pathologists
Creators: name: Felicetti, Catherine
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2019

description: Introduction: To date, few research studies have evaluated pediatric feeding and swallowing practices in school systems across the United States. This study aims to i) understand the factors that impact a speech-language pathologists (SLPs) level of comfort in providing these services, ii) to identify barriers to service provision, iii) develop a concrete understanding of a SLPs role in providing feeding and swallowing services in a school setting, and iv) to identify the types of service suggested by school-based SLPs in response to a fictional case study.
Methods: School-based SLPs and clinical fellows were invited to participate in a 10-15 minute web-based survey. The survey questions focused on basic demographic information, vocational history, barriers to treatment, and clinician comfort level. In addition, survey respondents were asked to develop a treatment plan in response to a fictional case study. In total, 200 anonymous survey responses were collected and analyzed.
Results: Descriptive data, summarizing the demographic and vocational factors of the survey respondents, are provided. In addition, independent Pearson Chi-Square analyses were performed to determine the degree of association between the demographic/vocational factors and the SLPs self-reported comfort level. The results of these correlation analyses are reported and discussed. Barriers to dysphagia management and a summary of the services currently provided in the school setting are discussed from the perspective of professional practice issues. Analysis of the case study results indicated a wide range of treatment plans. The most common type of direct intervention suggested was an oral motor exercise regime, followed by diet modifications and the implementation of safe swallow strategies.
Discussion: The survey results indicate a number of factors impact clinician comfort level including geographic region, previous medical experience and current service provision. A number of barriers to practice were identified which include academic and/or clinical preparedness and concerns related to the educational relevance of service. Approximately 26.5% of survey respondents indicated that there were providing feeding and swallowing related services in a school setting with 98.1 % of these clinicians providing collaborative consultation. The case study results highlighted the variability in treatment approaches.
Adverse Gaming Incentives in Farm Safety Net Programs: Evidence from the Milk Income Loss Contract
Creators: name: Newton, John
name: Thraen, Cameron S.
name: Stephenson, Mark
name: Newton, John
name: Thraen, Cameron S.
name: Stephenson, Mark
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Diary
subject: MILC
subject: Adverse Gaming
subject: Policy

description: Poster
Antipsychotic Drug Use and Postmenopausal Breast Cancer Risk in the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI): A Prospective Cohort Study
Creators: name: George, Anna
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2019

description: Breast cancer is the most prevalent form of cancer and the second leading cause of mortality, affecting 1 in 9 women in the United States. Recent studies have shown that antipsychotic drug use is associated with increased prolactin levels, which, in turn, is associated with increased risk of breast cancer. However, studies of the association between antipsychotic drug use and the risk of breast cancer are sparse and have largely been conducted in homogenous populations. Therefore, we evaluated this relationship in postmenopausal women (N = 119 524) in a diverse population of the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) cohort. Antipsychotic drug use was self-reported and in situ and invasive breast cancer cases were confirmed by medical records for the WHI clinical trial (CT) and the WHI observational study (OS), from 1993 through 2018. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to model breast cancer risk against antipsychotic drug use while adjusting for dietary and lifestyle factors. Overall, antipsychotic users made up 0.41% of this population. There was no overall association between antipsychotic drug use and postmenopausal breast cancer risk (HR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.73 – 1.40). Among typical antipsychotic drug users, there was a suggested two-fold increased risk in developing in situ breast cancer (HR = 2.02, 95% CI = 0.84, 4.86). Thus, antipsychotic drug use does not appear to increase breast cancer risk overall, but the potential association between antipsychotics and in situ breast cancer merits further study.
Uni-traveling-carrier photodetector with high-contrast grating focusing-reflection mirrors
Creators: name: Chen, Qingtao
name: Fang, Wenjing
name: Huang, Yongqing
name: Duan, Xiaofeng
name: Liu, Kai
name: Sharawi, Mohammad S.
name: Ren, Xiaomin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel uni-traveling-carrier photodetector (UTC-PD) structure with an integrated focusing-reflection (FR) mirror realized by a non-periodic concentric circular high-contrast grating (NP-CC-HCG), referred to as FR-UTC-PD, is proposed to enhance responsivity in conventional UTC-PDs. The FR-UTC-PD allows improving the responsivity by 36.5% at a 1.55-um wavelength as compared to a UTC-PD without integrated an FR mirror with 84.59% reflectivity. For 40-um-diameter PDs, the obtained 3-dB bandwidths are unaltered with values of 18 GHz at -3.0 V bias voltage. The radio-frequency (RF) output power and photocurrent are -1.77 dBm and 17.56 mA, respectively, at 10 GHz and the -6.0 V bias voltage.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
Universality of random permutations
Creators: name: He, Xiaoyu
name: Kwan, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is a classical fact that for any $\varepsilon > 0$, a random permutation of length $n = (1 + \varepsilon) k^2 / 4$ typically contains a monotone subsequence of length $k$. As a far-reaching generalization, Alon conjectured that a random permutation of this same length $n$ is typically $k$-universal, meaning that it simultaneously contains every pattern of length $k$. He also made the simple observation that for $n = O(k^2 \log k)$, a random length-$n$ permutation is typically $k$-universal. We make the first significant progress towards Alon's conjecture by showing that $n = 2000 k^2 \log \log k$ suffices.
Photosynthesizing the Workplace: A Study in Healthy and Holistic Production Spaces
Creators: name: Howard, Kaeli
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2019

description: Throughout time nature has been a prescribed healer of stress on the human condition. Its vital integration into our daily lives has been proven by scientific evidence. The majority of Americans spend approximately 1/3 of their life working, whatever that job may entail. Therefore, it makes sense that the environments that we spend so much of our life in for work at extremely important to our physical and mental health, however, current workplace models are not acknowledging that. Redefining the workplace to integrate nature would start to change work life in this country and how work itself is viewed.
This thesis focuses on creating healthy and holistic production spaces for workers in areas like Western Massachusetts. Because this area shares urban and rural qualities while being primarily suburban of major Northeastern cities such as Boston and New York, it provides unique ground for a wide array of work occupations and work types. On a chosen site of Northampton, MA, a new work model will be developed around the exposure to nature integral to a collaborative co-op/ incubator space for small businesses in the area who need office and production spaces in a community setting.
The progression of this research will lead to a developed incubation space with a positive environmental impact. Precedent research of archetypes such as Michael Singer’s Alterra Atria, and Miller Hull’s Bullitt Center exemplify sustainable criteria in relation to office architecture. By using concepts underlying an even further integration with the community ideas from John Dinkeloo & Kevin Roche’s Ford Foundation Headquarters, Candilis, Josic and Woods’ Freie University Berlin and BIG & Heatherwick’s New Google Headquarters. By creating a building that addresses the diverse makeup of the larger community of Northampton, MA, this co-op space would become an example of how a workplace can work with nature towards a greater impact on the environment post-occupancy.
Examining the associations between sleep behaviours, emotional regulation and distress
Creators: name: Henderson, Sarah E. M.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2019
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Difficulties with maintaining optimal sleep behaviours are widespread. Evidence suggests significant relationships between sleep disturbances and health outcomes, with consequences including increased risk, severity, and difficulties with management of health conditions. Disrupted sleep behaviours are associated with inefficient self-regulation and emotional regulation suggesting sleep behaviours as a modifiable risk factor for inclusion in psychological interventions for health management.Systematic literature review:Social jetlag (SJL), a misalignment between mid-point of sleep on work and free days, has been suggested as a factor in mental health. Biological and social changes characteristic of young people may increase propensity for SJL and distress. The narrative review included seven quantitative papers to assess the relationship between SJL and mental health in young people. Although evidence was equivocal, associations between depression and SJL in female participants particularly in high latitude regions were indicated. An agreed outcome set for mental health and sleep research should be developed to support further research into these relationships.Research project:Diabetes-related distress (DRD) is associated with poor emotional regulation and poor diabetes outcomes, whilst optimal sleep behaviours and self-compassion have been linked with improved emotional regulation and health outcomes. This cross-sectional study assessed relationships between sleep behaviours, self-compassion, and DRD in a sample of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (n=136). Statistical analysis identified significant associations between sleep behaviours, DRD, and self-compassion. Daytime sleepiness, SJL, age, total self-compassion, and negative subscales of self-compassion were unique predictors of DRD, with daytime sleepiness partially mediating the relationship between self-compassion and DRD. Psychological work to reduce DRD should focus on reducing negative traits of self-compassion and include consideration of sleep behaviours. Further research is needed to establish causality and long-term impact, as well as to develop clinical resources to support the effective management of the psychological impact of DRD.
Resonant X-ray Study on the Bi-Layered Perovskite Mn Oxide LaSr2Mn2O7
Creators: name: Wakabayashi, Yusuke
name: Murakami, Youichi
name: Koyama, Ichiro
name: Kimura, Tsuyoshi
name: Tokura, Yoshinori
name: Moritomo, Yutaka
name: Endoh, Yasuo
name: Hirota, Kazuma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Charge and orbital ordering behaviors in the half doped bi-layered compound LaSr2Mn2O7 have been studied by resonant and non-resonant X-ray scattering. Three different order parameters, which correspond to the A-type antiferromagnetic, a charge and an orbital ordered states, were observed by measuring the magnetostriction and the superlattice peaks characterized by wavevectors (1/2 1/2 0) and (1/4 1/4 0), respectively. The superlattice reflections indicating the charge and orbital ordered states were observed below 210 K. Both the intensities reach a maximum at 160 K on cooling and become very weak below 100 K. The peak width of the charge ordered state agrees with that of the orbital ordered state at all temperatures studied. These results indicate that both the states originate from a single phase and that the charge/orbital ordered islands with definite interfaces disperse in the A-type antiferromagnetic phase. The dimensionality of the charge/orbital ordered phase is discussed using this model.
description: 9pages, 10 figures
UBOT-7: THE DESIGN OF A COMPLIANT DEXTEROUS MOBILE MANIPULATOR
Creators: name: Cummings, Jonathan
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2014

description: This thesis presents the design of uBot-7, the latest version of a dexterous mobile manipulator. This platform has been iteratively developed to realize a high performance-to-cost dexterous whole body manipulator with respect to mobile manipulation. The semi-anthropomorphic design of the uBot is a demonstrated and functional research platform for developing advanced autonomous perception, manipulation, and mobility tasks. The goal of this work is to improve the uBot’s ability to sense and interact with its environment in order to increase the platforms capability to operate dexterously, through the incorporation of joint torque feedback, and safely, through the implementation of passive and active compliance. This is accomplished through incorporating series elastic actuators in its arms and torso joints, improving the mechanical design to reduce backlash, and incorporating impedance controllers in the robot. The focus of this thesis is the development of the mechanical, sensor, and controller design for the uBot-7 platform. An impedance controller is developed and evaluated on a bench top prototype series elastic actuator.
Spatial Price Transmission and Market Linkages in US Framing Lumber Markets
Creators: name: Rogers, Evan
name: Rogers, Evan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Production Economics
subject: local linear regression
subject: price transmission
subject: threshold autoregression

description: We test the economic theory that price differences in spatially separated markets will be equalized through arbitrage activity using time series data on housing frame lumber prices in different regions of the United States. Wildfires, hurricanes, and other extreme weather events, as well as large swings in regional housing demand, can create shocks to geographically different lumber markets. The degree to which different lumber producing markets are interrelated is of interest to better understand how prices will respond to such shocks. Linked markets will realize adjustments that keep prices as equal as possible while allowing for differences directly related to the transfer costs necessary for arbitrage activity. Overly simplified tests will seem to support a lack of price transmission between markets or lag times between price adjustments that seem to contradict standard theory. This paper implements non-linear threshold models and non-parametric estimation techniques to demonstrate a more detailed price-linkage relationship that is better supported by economic theory.
Architecture and Wilderness: An Exchange of Order
Creators: name: lepre, ashley
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2019

description: If wilderness refers to those spaces that are unoccupied by humans while architecture is one major way that humans occupy space, the terms seem to be mutually exclusive. However, this thesis argues that wilderness and architecture have a fundamental similarity: they are both ways that humans understand and relate to the world.
This thesis looks critically at the notion of wilderness by acknowledging that throughout time and history, humans have understood wilderness in innumerable different ways and, as a result, have treated those spaces that are deemed wilderness in innumerable different ways as well. It acknowledges wilderness as a “profoundly human creation[1]” and from this admission, explores the utility of predisposition as a means by which to direct the built environment’s relationship to the un-built environment.
Ultimately, this thesis argues that when humans define wilderness in a particular way and then apply that label to a space, they have made a design decision. It investigates the ways in which architecture can apply the label of wilderness to new and even unlikely types of spaces in order to expand the lens through which we, as humans, value and appreciate this Earth.

[1] Cronon, William. 1997. "The Trouble with Wilderness:; Or, Getting Back to the Wrong Nature." In Out of the Woods, 28-50: University of Pittsburgh Press. doi:10.2307/j.ctt7zw9qw.8. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt7zw9qw.8.
Modeling the Effect of New Commuter Bus Service on Demand and the Impact on GHG Emissions: Application to Greater Boston
Creators: name: Lyman, Christopher
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2019

description: The transportation sector is considered one of the major contributors to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in metropolitan areas, and any efforts to reduce these emissions requires strategic management of multiple transportation modes. This paper presents a method to identify opportunities to reduce GHG emissions by expanding commuter bus services and incentives to shift commuters from private cars to transit. The approach uses a nested multinomial logit model for mode choice in a region that includes driving alone, carpooling, walking, cycling, and using four possible transit modes (ferry, commuter rail, rapid transit and bus) by walk access or driving access. A model of existing conditions was calibrated with data from the Boston metropolitan area. Using an emission factor model based on average speeds from the California Air Resources Board (CARB), the net effect of new commuter bus service on GHG emissions from transportation was estimated. Potential GHG reductions are weighed against the capital and operating costs of new transit services to quantify the cost-effectiveness of a new commuter bus service for isolated origin-destination pairs. This modeling framework is used to optimize fares and bus frequency in order to identify the corridors with the most cost-effective potential for GHG reduction. Results are presented for the Boston region, demonstrating the feasibility of implementation and the potential magnitude of benefits for cost-effectively reducing GHG emissions associated with transportation. The method is general and can be applied in other cities around the world.
The Man Who Had It All but Her: The Construction and Destruction of the Macho Image in Four Mexican Novels
Creators: name: Marmolejo Soto, Adriana
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2019

description: The ideas of Mexican Machismo have been crystallized in the image of the Macho, a virile man who represents the ideals of masculinity in a determined time and space. This work aims to examine how four Mexican Novels (Juan Rulfo’s Pedro Páramo, Elena Garro’s Los Recuerdos del Porvenir, Yuri Herrera’s Trabajos del Reino, and Fernanda Melchor’s Temporada de huracanes) present their unique macho ideals, and how the male characters fail to fulfill them. Through a textual examination of the four novels, this work asks: how is a macho image formed in each pair of novels? And most importantly how do male characters react when they are unable to uphold the masculine values? Chapter one examines Juan Rulfo’s and Elena Garro’s novels, focusing on the downfall of the machos due to the loss of a loved woman, and the strategies the men use to control their towns. Chapter two analyzes Yuri Herrera’s and Fernanda Melchor’s novels, explaining how masculinity is tied to a social performance, and how the machos lose the approval of their group. Chapter three deals with the reaffirmation of power through isolation of female characters and the concept of emasculation as a social and psychological phenomenon. Emasculation, this work strives to prove, is a key element in the four novels, uniting the texts through the social disgrace of a man who does not perform as expected.
Just Typical Girls? An Exploration of Older Women’s Construction and Maintenance of Punk Identities.
Creators: name: Figshare Admin Leicester
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2019
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This thesis examines the construction and maintenance of punk identities by ageing, or older, (punk) women. Recent scholarship on post-youth subcultural involvement demonstrates some evidence of exploring the interplay between age, gender and subculture yet still lacks any research which solely focuses on the experiences of older punk women. Historically, women have been marginalised in subcultural scholarship and this has been more so the case for ageing, or older, women. In line with the feminist research values, this thesis therefore gives voice to a previously marginalised sample.The research utilised a methodology informed by a feminist and inductive approach. Data was analysed from 16 semi-structured interviews (one paired) and 5 e-mail interviews. A set of common punk values were raised by the research participants which in turn informed, not determined, their relationship with dress, music and gigs. These punk values were also important for how the women negotiated punk identities as they aged. A career model is proposed for understanding how ageing women construct and maintain punk identities. This demonstrates the emergence of three main identity categories across the research sample: the ‘toner downs’, the ‘consistent punks’ and the ‘never massively outrageous’. Reflecting on punk in their lives ‘then’ and ‘now’, the women demonstrated tensions between agency/structure with gender and social ageing highlighted as potential constraints on their construction and maintenance of punk identities.
Dairy Food Consumption, Production, and Policy in Japan
Creators: name: Campo, Isabelle Schluep
name: Beghin, John C.
name: Campo, Isabelle Schluep
name: Beghin, John C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: consumption
subject: dairy
subject: Japan
subject: milk
subject: policy
subject: trade

description: We explore and investigate Japanese dairy markets. We first provide an overview of consumer demand and how it evolved after World War II. Using historical data and econometric estimates of Japanese dairy demand, we identify economic, cultural, and demographic forces that have been shaping consumption patterns. Then we summarize the characteristics of Japanese milk production and dairy processing and policies affecting them. We next describe the import regime and trade flows in dairy products. The analysis of the regulatory system of the dairy sector shows how its incentive structure affects the long-term prospects of various segments of the industry. The paper concludes with policy recommendations of how to reform the Japanese dairy sector.
Experimentally Calibrated Kinetic Monte Carlo Model Reproduces Organic Solar Cell Current-Voltage Curve
Creators: name: Wilken, Sebastian
name: Upreti, Tanvi
name: Melianas, Armantas
name: Dahlström, Staffan
name: Persson, Gustav
name: Olsson, Eva
name: Österbacka, Ronald
name: Kemerink, Martijn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) simulations are a powerful tool to study the dynamics of charge carriers in organic photovoltaics. However, the key characteristic of any photovoltaic device, its current-voltage ($J$-$V$) curve under solar illumination, has proven challenging to simulate using KMC. The main challenges arise from the presence of injecting contacts and the importance of charge recombination when the internal electric field is low, i.e., close to open-circuit conditions. In this work, an experimentally calibrated KMC model is presented that can fully predict the $J$-$V$ curve of a disordered organic solar cell. It is shown that it is crucial to make experimentally justified assumptions on the injection barriers, the blend morphology, and the kinetics of the charge transfer state involved in geminate and nongeminate recombination. All of these properties are independently calibrated using charge extraction, electron microscopy, and transient absorption measurements, respectively. Clear evidence is provided that the conclusions drawn from microscopic and transient KMC modeling are indeed relevant for real operating organic solar cell devices.
description: final version; license updated
The Climatic and Hydrostratigraphic Controls on Brine-to-Freshwater Interface Dynamics in Hyperarid Climates: A 2-D Parametric Groundwater Modeling Study
Creators: name: McKnight, Sarah
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2019

description: Density dependent flow occurs in areas where high-salinity groundwater interacts with low-salinity groundwater to create a brine-to-freshwater interface that defies common assumptions about groundwater movement. Yet the geologic and hydrologic factors that impact interface dynamics and migration remain poorly defined. With less than 20 mm•yr-1 of precipitation and with an extremely dense (i.e. 1.2 g•cm-3) naturally occurring brine, Chile’s Salar de Atacama (SdA) provides an excellent analog for exploring interface dynamics in other arid regions. Site-specific 2-D models of the interface in the southeastern region of SdA, with interpretations of the hydrostratigraphic framework, provide an analysis for density-driven response rates to climatic change. A separate parametric, equally probable series of distributions of hydraulic conductivity provides a means for expanding analysis to other similar arid salar (i.e. “salt flat”) environments. Comparing the modeled interface’s geometry and response to perturbations in the rates of lateral recharge in each hydrostratigraphic realization yields insight into the dynamics of interface migration to coupled climatic and geologic conditions. Changes in hydrologic conditions, informed by paleoclimatic interpretations and previously modeled climate predictions, are introduced to each hydrostratigraphic realization following the interface reaching an initial dynamic equilibrium, and the interface’s response is assessed subsequent to it reaching a new dynamic equilibrium. Metrics for model evaluation include migration rate, change in the interface’s areal extent, change in interface slope, and the response rate following the introduction to a perturbation in the aquifer’s hydrology. Model analyses suggest that evaporation rates strongly control the interface’s geometry and sensitivity despite climatic and geologic conditions; continuity of high-permeability pathways controls interface slope; increasing continuity also decreases interface stability in terms of time required to reach a new steady state. While these results have implications for interface dynamics in both salars specifically and arid climates in general, they also indicate the importance of considering hydrostatigraphic continuity for saline water intrusion in coastal regions. They also provide a compelling method for assessing interface dynamics in other climatic and geologic conditions.
The bat influenza H17N10 is neutralized by broadly-neutralizing monoclonal antibodies and its neuraminidase facilitates viral egress
Creators: name: Temperton, Nigel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Presented as a poster at IMED2018 in Vienna.