cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Label-free optical detection of single enzyme-reactant reactions and associated conformational changes
Creators: name: Kim, Eugene
name: Baaske, Martin D.
name: Schuldes, Isabel
name: Wilsch, Peter S.
name: Vollmer, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Monitoring the kinetics and conformational dynamics of single enzymes is crucial in order to better understand their biological functions as these motions and structural dynamics are usually unsynchronized among the molecules. Detecting the enzyme-reactant interactions and associated conformational changes of the enzyme on a single molecule basis, however, remain as a challenge with established optical techniques due to the commonly required labeling of the reactants or the enzyme itself. The labeling process is usually non-trivial and the labels themselves might skew the physical properties of the enzyme. Here we demonstrate an optical, label-free method capable of observing enzymatic interactions and the associated conformational changes on the single molecule level. We monitor polymerase/DNA interactions via the strong near-field enhancement provided by plasmonic nanorods resonantly coupled to whispering gallery modes in microcavities. Specifically, we employ two different recognition schemes: one in which the kinetics of polymerase/DNA interactions are probed in the vicinity of DNA-functionalized nanorods, and the other in which these interactions are probed via the magnitude of conformational changes in the polymerase molecules immobilized on nanorods. In both approaches we find that low and high polymerase activities can be clearly discerned via their characteristic signal amplitude and signal length distributions. Furthermore, the thermodynamic study of the monitored interactions suggests the occurrence of DNA polymerization. This work constitutes a proof-of-concept study of enzymatic activities via plasmonically enhanced microcavities and establishes an alternative and label-free method capable of investigating structural changes in single molecules.
Structure of the microbial communities in marine hotspots for climate change
Creators: name: Focardi, Amaranta
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Marine microbes (viruses, bacteria and eukaryotes) produce and consume a major portion of organic matter in the ocean. Their metabolic activity contributes to a complex carbon cycle that sustains life in the Ocean. Advances in high-throughput molecular techniques have shed light on the enormous genetic diversity and metabolic potential of microbes that underpin ocean productivity. However, our ability to translate this knowledge into a quantitative understanding of how marine communities function, and how they will respond to environmental change is limited. This thesis focusses on the integration of quantitative methods with molecular techniques to elucidate the mechanisms controlling the transfer of energy from primary producers to others trophic levels. This work was carried out in the context of two oceanographic voyages encompassing contrasting ocean regions, the East Australian Current (EAC) System, and the Dalton polynya on the Antarctic coast. The physical effects of changing climatic conditions are well documented in both regions, although the ecological consequences are poorly understood. This study provides the first systematic description of microbial communities in the EAC system and Dalton polynya. Changes in microbial community structure across environmental gradients were determined using high resolution flow cytometry. The contribution of functional groups to the elemental Carbon (C) budget was experimentally determined. Phytoplankton rates of growth and pathways of C and energy transfer were quantified using predator - prey interaction experiments. These studies highlight the microbial contribution to the C budget in each system, with cyanobacteria representing major contributors (75%) to the photosynthetic biomass in the EA C. In contrast heterotrophic bacteria likely play a more prominent role as recyclers in the Antarctic. Viruses were an important source of mortality in the EAC, and likely represent an important driver of carbon flux in the EAC region. Quantitative analyses were combined with metagenomics studies to also investigate the previously uncharted DNA virus diversity within the EAC system, and to provide benchmark data on the diversity of bacterial and eukaryotic community that inhabit the remote area of the Dalton polynya. This work integrates comprehensive datasets that provide a baseline on the abundance, genetic diversity of microbial groups and infection rates to define the forces structuring microbial community in two contrasting hotspots for climate change . And provide a baseline to predict the future of production in these two regional ecosystems.
Additional file 2: Table S1. of miR-105/93-3p promotes chemoresistance and circulating miR-105/93-3p acts as a diagnostic biomarker for triple negative breast cancer
Creators: name: Hao-Yi Li
name: Jui-Lin Liang
name: Yao-Lung Kuo
name: Hao-Hsien Lee
name: Calkins, Marcus
name: Hong-Tai Chang
name: Forn-Chia Lin
name: Yu-Chia Chen
name: Tai-I Hsu
name: Hsiao, Michael
name: Ger, Luo-Ping
name: Pei-Jung Lu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Dysregulated miRNAs in TNBC patients. (DOCX 13 kb)
Manipulation of quail intestinal microbiome
Creators: name: Wilkinson, Ngare E
Publisher: name: Central Queensland University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Quail
Japanese quail
Gut microbiota
Microbiome

description: This study aims to conduct an investigation into the microbial dynamics of avian gut colonisation, using Japanese quail as a model and provides a broad visualisation of bacterial colonisation dynamics within the developing intestinal tract. Japanese quail was selected as a model due to their small size which allows them to fit in mouse isolators even to full sexual maturity which they reach at only 5 weeks post hatch. Bacterial cells in the gut outnumber host cells by a factor of 10 and contribute 100 times more genetic potential when compared to the host genetic contribution. Despite extensive research, the estimated number of culturable bacteria in the human gut represents only approximately 25% of total gut microbiota. This has been determined by the implementation of DNA sequencing methodology that allows us to screen total bacterial community, including the species that are unculturble within laboratory conditions. There are now significant opportunities to manipulate and harness the complex microbiota in the GIT to improve the health and productivity of agricultural animals. Probiotics are defined as viable microorganisms used as a food supplement with proven beneficial effects on the host and many commercial probiotics are available in the agricultural industry, however they have been used in industry with variable to limited success. This thesis outlines the exploration of the microbial communities present in the Japanese quail gastrointestinal tract and the bird’s intestinal physiology. The isolation of quail intestinal probiotic strains and the knowledge of their intestinal role and distribution was then applied to investigate alternative approach in probiotic administration and the role of hygiene in gut microbiota development. We first investigated each section of the healthy qual gastrointestinal tract from mouth to cloaca, and provided detailed analysis of the species dynamics and microbiota seeding between the gut sections, as well as their variable contribution to the fecal microbiome. We used histology and electron microscopy to provide the first detailed tour of the quail gut sections focusing on identifying differences between the quail and chicken gut sections and their relevance for health and nutrition. We then isolated the most abundant strain of Lactobacillus from the quail ileum and performed targeted colonisation experiment that showed, for the first time in poultry, that it is possible to achieve near total colonisation with desired strain. The experiment also indicated the consequences of lack of exposure to the host-specific quail microbiome in early days of the gut development.
Localisation of honeycomb rectangular torus
Creators: name: Nazar, Mudassar
name: Azeem, Muhammad
name: Jamil, Muhammad Kamran
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biophysics
Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology

description: The localisation of a network is the process of gaining access to a node's precise location or position. Using this technology, it is possible to determine the exact position of each network node in terms of a select few nodes within a subset. The locating set of a network is this subset, and the locating number of a network is its lowest cardinality. While the edge locating number is the same concept but on the bonds instead of nodes. In this work, we discussed some resolvability parameters such as locating number, edge locating number, fault-tolerant locating number and partition locating number of honeycomb rectangular torus. The honeycomb rectangular torus is very effective and innovative structure in chemical graph theory. This type of structure is being used in image processing, cellular phone base stations, computer graphics and more in mathematical chemistry.
Anomalous current in diffusive ferromagnetic Josephson junctions
Creators: name: Silaev, M. A.
name: Tokatly, I. V.
name: Bergeret, F. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that in diffusive superconductor/ferromagnet/superconductor (S/F/S) junctions a finite, {\it anomalous}, Josephson current can flow even at zero phase difference between the S electrodes. The conditions for the observation of this effect are non-coplanar magnetization distribution and a broken magnetization inversion symmetry of the superconducting current. The latter symmetry is intrinsic for the widely used quasiclassical approximation and prevent previous works, based on this approximation, from obtaining the Josephson anomalous current. We show that this symmetry can be removed by introducing spin-dependent boundary conditions for the quasiclassical equations at the superconducting/ferromagnet interfaces in diffusive systems. Using this recipe we considered generic multilayer magnetic systems and determine the ideal experimental conditions in order to maximize the anomalous current.
description: In this version the references are updated
Staphylococcus aureus planktonic but not biofilm environment induces an IFN-β macrophage immune response via the STING/IRF3 pathway
Creators: name: Seebach, Elisabeth
name: Sonnenmoser, Gabriele
name: Kubatzky, Katharina F.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Chronic implant-related bone infections are a severe complication in orthopaedic surgery. Biofilm formation on the implant impairs the immune response, leading to bacterial persistence. In a previous study, we found that Staphylococcus aureus (SA) induced interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) activation and Ifnb expression only in its planktonic form but not in the biofilm. The aim of this study was to clarify the role of the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) in this process. We treated RAW 264.7 macrophages with conditioned media (CM) generated from planktonic or biofilm cultured SA in combination with agonists or inhibitors of the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)/STING pathway. We further evaluated bacterial gene expression of planktonic and biofilm SA to identify potential mediators. STING inhibition resulted in the loss of IRF3 activation and Ifnb induction in SA planktonic CM, whereas STING activation induced an IRF3 dependent IFN-β response in SA biofilm CM. The expression levels of virulence-associated genes decreased during biofilm formation, but genes associated with cyclic dinucleotide (CDN) synthesis did not correlate with Ifnb induction. We further observed that cGAS contributed to Ifnb induction by SA planktonic CM, although cGAS activation was not sufficient to induce Ifnb expression in SA biofilm CM. Our data indicate that the different degrees of virulence associated with SA planktonic and biofilm environments result in an altered induction of the IRF3 mediated IFN-β response via the STING pathway. This finding suggests that the STING/IRF3/IFN-β axis is a potential candidate as an immunotherapeutic target for implant-related bone infections.
Situated engagement: a critique of wildlife management and post-colonial discourse
Creators: name: Suchet, Sandra
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: A review of the literature informed by fieldwork in Australia, Canada, Zimbabwe, Namibia and South Africa is used as the basis of a critique of wildlife management and post-colonial discourse. It is argued that many of the concepts and practices that dominate wildlife management are firmly embedded in Eurocentric epistemologies that are falsely assumed to be universally applicable. This assumption justifies imposition of concepts and practices such as wildlife, management, conservation, development, co-management, community-based natural resource management and traditional ecological knowledge. Although this informs what is seen as a well-intentioned post-colonial discourse, it in fact masks the reimposition of colonising relationships. Critical discussion of what is meant by 'wildlife' and 'management' identifies the beliefs that underlie the concepts and practices of wildlife management and the way they are internally related to colonising processes. Wildlife management, therefore, is constantly at risk of reinforcing colonising relationships, and limiting imaginaries and realities by straight-jacketing thought and action within a 'hall of mirrors' - within the boundaries set by the Eurocentric belief that things are binarised as either society or nature, human or animal, wild or tame/domestic, and must be either conserved or developed through management. Throughout the thesis, glimpses into multiple knowledges, and experiences of resisting and being, are drawn from fieldwork and literature sources. These glimpses unsettle and challenge the assumed universality of dominant wildlife management approaches, and show that Eurocentric beliefs and practices are neither universal nor all-powerful. Situated engagement is introduced as an approach that addresses both the concepts and practices of wildlife management and the multiple worlds that wildlife management silences, ignores, devalues and undermines. Situated engagement is not a new management framework, but offers an approach to guide interactions in specific material, conceptual and discursive places. Ultimately, the thesis argues that engaging in these situated places meets the challenges of contemporary circumstances by recognising, imagining and realising possibilities that are unimaginable within the hall of mirrors.
Locations of Roberge-Weiss transition endpoints in lattice QCD with $N_f=2$ improved KS quarks
Creators: name: Wu, Liang-Kai
name: Meng, Xiang-Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Result on the locations of the tricritical points of $N_f=2$ lattice QCD with imaginary chemical potential is presented. Simulations are carried out with Symanzik improved gauge action and Asqtad fermion action. With imaginary chemical potential $iμ_I=iπT$, previous studies show that the Roberge-Weiss (RW) transition endpoints are triple points at both large and small quark masses, and second order transition points at intermediate quark masses. The triple and second order endpoints are separated by two tricritical ones. Our simulations are carried out at 7 values of quark mass $am$ ranging from 0.024 to 0.070 on lattice volume $12^3\times 4, 16^3\times 4,\, 20^3\times4$. The susceptibility and Binder cumulant of the imaginary part of Polyakov loop are employed to determine the nature of RW transition endpoints. The simulations suggest that the two tricritical points are within the range $0.024-0.026$ and $0.040-0.050$, respectively.
description: 8 pages, 16 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1405.2425
Supplementary document for High-efficient photoacoustic generation with ultrathin metallic multilayer broadband absorber - 5105269.pdf
Creators: name: Ghosh, Pintu
name: Zheng, CHUNQI
name: Zhu, Huanzheng
name: Xu, Ziquan
name: Sinha, Ravindra
name: Li, Qiang
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Revised Supplemental Document
Additional file 7: of Latent class models for Echinococcus multilocularis diagnosis in foxes in Switzerland in the absence of a gold standard
Creators: name: Belen Otero-Abad
name: Armua-Fernandez, Maria
name: Deplazes, Peter
name: Torgerson, Paul
name: Hartnack, Sonja
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Table S4. Resulting covariances between sensitivities of the 3 and 4 test model. (DOCX 13Â kb)
Higgsplosion: Solving the Hierarchy Problem via rapid decays of heavy states into multiple Higgs bosons
Creators: name: Khoze, Valentin V.
name: Spannowsky, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce and discuss two inter-related mechanisms operative in the electroweak sector of the Standard Model at high energies. Higgsplosion, the first mechanism, occurs at some critical energy in the 25 to 10^3 TeV range, and leads to an exponentially growing decay rate of highly energetic particles into multiple Higgs bosons. We argue that this a well-controlled non-perturbative phenomenon in the Higgs-sector which involves the final state Higgs multiplicities n in the regime n λ>> 1 where λis the Higgs self-coupling. If this mechanism is realised in nature, the cross-sections for producing ultra-high multiplicities of Higgs bosons are likely to become observable and even dominant in this energy range. At the same time, however, the apparent exponential growth of these cross-sections at even higher energies will be tamed and automatically cut-off by a related Higgspersion mechanism. As a result, and in contrast to previous studies, multi-Higgs production does not violate perturbative unitarity. Building on this approach, we then argue that the effects of Higgsplosion alter quantum corrections from very heavy states to the Higgs boson mass. Above a certain energy, which is much smaller than their masses, these states would rapidly decay into multiple Higgs bosons. The heavy states become unrealised as they decay much faster than they are formed. The loop integrals contributing to the Higgs mass will be cut off not by the masses of the heavy states, but by the characteristic loop momenta where their decay widths become comparable to their masses. Hence, the cut-off scale would be many orders of magnitude lower than the heavy mass scales themselves, thus suppressing their quantum corrections to the Higgs boson mass.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures
An examination of the effectiveness of the chairman and chief executive officer in mergers and acquisitions in Australia
Creators: name: Garrow, Nigel Stephen
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) continue to be value destroying for many acquiring firm shareholders, but value enhancing for the acquired firms' shareholders. Lack of continuity of tenure, agency problems and animal spirits in the acquiring and acquired firms may contribute to this loss of value. Best corporate governance practice proposes that the roles of Chairman and Chief Executive should be performed by different people and yet there is a limited amount of analysis linking these separate roles with firm performance. This study examines acquisitions in Australia between 1990 and 2006 and finds that the period of joint tenure, when the Chairman and CEO in the acquiring firm have been in their respective roles together, is a statistically significant contributor to acquiring firm shareholder value in M&A activity. A significantly negative correlation exists between CEO remuneration change and M&A outcomes indicating agency problems, whilst animal spirits are also in evidence around the time of an acquisition. A contribution to the debate about hubris in M&A suggests that narcissism may be more prevalent than hubris. Improvements in transparency for the remuneration and nominations committees are recommended to address some of the issues of corporate governance raised in this study.
RopB-regulated SpeB cysteine protease degrades extracellular vesicles-associated streptolysin O and bacterial proteins from group A Streptococcus
Creators: name: Chiang-Ni, Chuan
name: Chiang, Chien-Yi
name: Chen, Yan-Wen
name: Shi, Yong-An
name: Chao, Yu-Tzu
name: Wang, Shuying
name: Tsai, Pei-Jane
name: Chiu, Cheng-Hsun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) can be released from gram-positive bacteria and would participate in the delivery of bacterial toxins. Streptococcus pyogenes (group A Streptococcus, GAS) is one of the most common pathogens of monomicrobial necrotizing fasciitis. Spontaneous inactivating mutation in the CovR/CovS two-component regulatory system is related to the increase of EVs production via an unknown mechanism. This study aimed to investigate whether the CovR/CovS-regulated RopB, the transcriptional regulator of GAS exoproteins, would participate in regulating EVs production. Results showed that the size, morphology, and number of EVs released from the wild-type strain and the ropB mutant were similar, suggesting RopB is not involved in controlling EVs production. Nonetheless, RopB-regulated SpeB protease degrades streptolysin O and bacterial proteins in EVs. Although SpeB has crucial roles in modulating protein composition in EVs, the SpeB-positive EVs failed to trigger HaCaT keratinocytes pyroptosis, suggesting that EVs did not deliver SpeB into keratinocytes or the amount of SpeB in EVs was not sufficient to trigger cell pyroptosis. Finally, we identified that EV-associated enolase was resistant to SpeB degradation, and therefore could be utilized as the internal control protein for verifying SLO degradation. This study revealed that RopB would participate in modulating protein composition in EVs via SpeB-dependent protein degradation and suggested that enolase is a potential internal marker for studying GAS EVs.
Atom editor support for the Coq proof assistant
Creators: name: Hosogoe, Ken
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Interactive theorem proves are important tools which aid in the creation of formal proofs, specification and software verification. The current state of proof assistant IDEs are dated, and missing features that could be offered by modern IDEs. This project will design and implement and Atom package to provide support for the Coq proof assistant. The project evaluated IDEs and proof assistants for various features to implement. Identified features were syntax highlighting, auto completion, IDE to Coq interaction (PIDE) and linting. These features were designed and implemented. This project was able to create a package that implements basic support for the Coq proof assistant for the Atom source code editor.
Cosmological Parameters from pre-Planck CMB Measurements: a 2017 Update
Creators: name: Calabrese, Erminia
name: Hložek, Renée A.
name: Bond, J. Richard
name: Devlin, Mark J.
name: Dunkley, Joanna
name: Halpern, Mark
name: Hincks, Adam D.
name: Irwin, Kent D.
name: Kosowsky, Arthur
name: Moodley, Kavilan
name: Newburgh, Laura B.
name: Niemack, Michael D.
name: Page, Lyman A.
name: Sherwin, Blake D.
name: Sievers, Jonathan L.
name: Spergel, David N.
name: Staggs, Suzanne T.
name: Wollack, Edward J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present cosmological constraints from the combination of the full mission 9-year WMAP release and small-scale temperature data from the pre-Planck ACT and SPT generation of instruments. This is an update of the analysis presented in Calabrese et al. 2013 and highlights the impact on $Λ$CDM cosmology of a 0.06 eV massive neutrino - which was assumed in the Planck analysis but not in the ACT/SPT analyses - and a Planck-cleaned measurement of the optical depth to reionization. We show that cosmological constraints are now strong enough that small differences in assumptions about reionization and neutrino mass give systematic differences which are clearly detectable in the data. We recommend that these updated results be used when comparing cosmological constraints from WMAP, ACT and SPT with other surveys or with current and future full-mission Planck cosmology. Cosmological parameter chains are publicly available on the NASA's LAMBDA data archive.
description: This is a short note to accompany the revised cosmological parameter chains available on LAMBDA
Synthesis of some novel 5-substituted benzamido-6-arylamino-pyrazolo[3,4-D]pyrimidin-4-one derivatives for herbicidal activity
Creators: name: Luo, Jin
name: Li, Shu
name: Kang, Qiongwen
name: Sun, Yi
name: Wang, Tao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology

description: Sixteen novel 3-methylthio-5-substituted benzamido-6-arylamino-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4 (5H)-one derivatives (4a–p) were successfully synthesized from iminophosphoranes, aryl isocyanate, and substituted benzoylhydrazine. The structures of the title compounds were elucidated by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS. Herbicidal activity of the compounds 4a–p against Brassica napus (rape), Echinochloa crusgalli (barnyard grass), Cucumis sativus (cucumber), and Triticum aestivum (wheat) were determined. The results showed that 5-(2-chlorobenzamido)-6-phenylamino-3-methylthio-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4 (5H)-one (4c) displayed remarkable inhibition activity against the stalk and root of rape with 100% inhibition rate at the dosages of 10 mg/L and 100 mg/L, and 5-(4-nitrobenzamido)-6-phenylamino-3-methylthio-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4 (5H) -one (4d) exhibited excellent activity against the stalk and root of barnyard grass with 100% inhibition rate at the same dosages.
The experiences of survivors of human trafficking in Australia and Singapore
Creators: name: Tan, Wesley
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: This thesis investigates how survivors of human trafficking reflect upon their lived experiences, contextualised within their life narratives. Adapting the Grounded Theory approach to qualitative research, I conducted semi - structured interviews with 12 survivors in Australia and Singapore (Strauss & Corbin, 1998). My results suggest that a unique constellation of pre-trafficking factors contribute to survivors' vulnerability and encapsulation. This in turn has psychological consequences that impact the strategies survivors' employ to exit their trafficking context. Post - trafficking experiences are characterised by the transition from systemic dependence to resettlement with ongoing consequences for their psychological wellbeing. My findings and theory help to fill large gaps in the literature and drive recommendations for service provision, interventions, legislation and further research.
Amphibian Hymenochirus boettgeri as an experimental model for infection studies with the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis
Creators: name: Carvalho, Tamilie
name: Si, Catherine
name: Clemons, Rebecca A.
name: Faust, Evelyn
name: James, Timothy Y.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Model organisms are crucial in research as they can provide key insights applicable to other species. This study proposes the use of the amphibian species Hymenochirus boettgeri, widely available through the aquarium trade, as a model organism for the study of chytridiomycosis, a disease caused by the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) and linked to amphibian decline and extinction globally. Currently, no model organisms are used in the study of chytridiomycosis, particularly because of the lack of availability and nonstandardized methods. Thus, laboratories around the world use wild local species to conduct Bd infection experiments, which prevents comparisons between studies and reduces reproducibility. Here, we performed a series of Bd infection assays that showed that H. boettgeri has a dose- and genotype-dependent response, can generalize previous findings on virulence estimates in other species, and can generate reproducible results in replicated experimental conditions. We also provided valuable information regarding H. boettgeri husbandry, including care, housing, reproduction, and heat treatment to eliminate previous Bd infections. Together, our results indicate that H. boettgeri is a powerful and low-ecological-impact system for studying Bd pathogenicity and virulence.
Further Results On Uniqueness Of Derivatives Of Meromorphic Functions Sharing Three Sets
Creators: name: Banerjee, Abhijit
name: Majumder, Sujoy
name: Chakraborty, Bikash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30D35

description: In this paper, we prove some uniqueness theorems concerning the derivatives of meromorphic functions when they share three sets. The obtained results improve some recent existing results.
description: 12 pages
Amphibian Hymenochirus boettgeri as an experimental model for infection studies with the chytrid fungus batrachochytrium dendrobatidis
Creators: name: Carvalho, Tamilie
name: Si, Catherine
name: Clemons, Rebecca A.
name: Faust, Evelyn
name: James, Timothy Y.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Model organisms are crucial in research as they can provide key insights applicable to other species. This study proposes the use of the amphibian species Hymenochirus boettgeri, widely available through the aquarium trade, as a model organism for the study of chytridiomycosis, a disease caused by the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) and linked to amphibian decline and extinction globally. Currently, no model organisms are used in the study of chytridiomycosis, particularly because of the lack of availability and nonstandardized methods. Thus, laboratories around the world use wild local species to conduct Bd infection experiments, which prevents comparisons between studies and reduces reproducibility. Here, we performed a series of Bd infection assays that showed that H. boettgeri has a dose- and genotype-dependent response, can generalize previous findings on virulence estimates in other species, and can generate reproducible results in replicated experimental conditions. We also provided valuable information regarding H. boettgeri husbandry, including care, housing, reproduction, and heat treatment, to eliminate previous Bd infections. Together, our results indicate that H. boettgeri is a powerful and low-ecological-impact system for studying Bd pathogenicity and virulence.
MARVEL analysis of the measured high-resolution rovibronic spectra of $^{48}$Ti$^{16}$O
Creators: name: McKemmish, Laura K.
name: Masseron, Thomas
name: Sheppard, Samuel
name: Sandeman, Elizabeth
name: Schofield, Zak
name: Furtenbacher, Tibor
name: Csaszar, Attila G.
name: Tennyson, Jonathan
name: Sousa-Silva, Clara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurate, experimental rovibronic energy levels, with associated labels and uncertainties, are reported for 11 low-lying electronic states of the diatomic \TiO\ molecule, determined using the \Marvel\ (Measured Active Rotational-Vibrational Energy Levels) algorithm. All levels are based on lines corresponding to critically reviewed and validated high-resolution experimental spectra taken from 24 literature sources. The transition data are in the 2 $-$ 22,160 \cm{} region. Out of the 49,679 measured transitions, 43,885 are triplet-triplet, 5710 are singlet-singlet and 84 are triplet-singlet transitions. A careful analysis of the resulting experimental spectroscopic network (SN) allows 48,590 transitions to be validated. The transitions determine 93 vibrational band origins of \TiO\, including 71 triplet and 22 singlet ones. There are 276 (73) triplet-triplet (singlet-singlet) band-heads derived from \Marvel\ experimental energies, 123 (38) of which have never been assigned in low or high resolution experiments. The highest $J$ value, where $J$ stands for the total angular momentum, for which an energy level is validated is 163. The number of experimentally-derived triplet and singlet \TiO\ rovibrational energy levels is 8682 and 1882, respectively. The lists of validated lines and levels for \TiO\ are deposited in the Supporting Information to this paper.
Hepatitis B core-related antigen serum levels may be a predictor of acute flare of chronic hepatitis B among pregnant women in the immune-tolerant phase of chronic HBV infection after short-course antiviral therapy
Creators: name: Liu, Ruyu
name: Yang, Liu
name: Jiang, Tingting
name: Lu, Yao
name: Zhang, Lu
name: Shen, Ge
name: Wu, Shuling
name: Chang, Min
name: Hao, Hongxiao
name: Hu, Leiping
name: Gao, Yuanjiao
name: Xu, Mengjiao
name: Chen, Xiaoxue
name: Yi, Wei
name: Li, Minghui
name: Xie, Yao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Studies have shown acute flares of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) might be related to immunologic changes that occur during pregnancy. However, the indicators for predicting acute flares of CHB among pregnant women still need further study. We aimed to distinguish the relevance between serum levels of HBcrAg and acute flares of CHB in pregnant women in the immune-tolerant phase of chronic HBV infection after short-course antiviral therapy. A total of 172 chronic HBV-infected pregnant women who were judged to be in the immune-tolerant phase were recruited in our research. All patients received short-course antiviral therapy with TDF. The biochemical, serological, and virological parameters were measured using standard laboratory procedures. The serum levels of HBcrAg were tested by ELISA. Fifty-two (30.2%) out of 172 patients had acute flares of CHB. At postpartum week 12 (TDF cessation), serum HBcrAg (OR, 4.52; 95% CI, 2.58–7.92) and HBsAg (OR, 2.52; 95% CI, 1.13–5.65) were associated with acute flares of CHB. The serum HBcrAg levels were beneficial for confirmation of patients with acute flares of CHB, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.84 (95% CI, 0.78–0.91). For pregnant women with chronic HBV infection in the immune-tolerant phase, serum HBcrAg and HBsAg levels at postpartum week 12 were associated with acute flares of CHB after short-course antiviral therapy with TDF. The serum HBcrAg level can correctly identify acute flares of CHB and may be a predictor of the need for continuing antiviral therapy after 12 weeks postpartum.
Additional file 6: of Latent class models for Echinococcus multilocularis diagnosis in foxes in Switzerland in the absence of a gold standard
Creators: name: Belen Otero-Abad
name: Armua-Fernandez, Maria
name: Deplazes, Peter
name: Torgerson, Paul
name: Hartnack, Sonja
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The sensitivity analysis for the sensitivity of PCR. (PDF 320Â kb)
Spatial Charge Inhomogeneity and Defect States in Topological Dirac Semimetal Thin Films
Creators: name: Edmonds, Mark T.
name: Collins, James L.
name: Hellerstedt, Jack
name: Yudhistira, Indra
name: Gomes, Lídia C.
name: Rodrigues, João N. B.
name: Adam, Shaffique
name: Fuhrer, Michael S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The close approach of the Fermi energy EF of a Dirac semimetal to the Dirac point ED uncovers new physics such as velocity renormalization,1,2,3 and the Dirac plasma 4,5 at |EF -ED| < kBT, where kBT is the thermal energy. In graphene, substrate disorder drives fluctuations in EF. Three-dimensional topological Dirac semimetals (TDS)6,7 obviate the substrate, and should show reduced EF fluctuations due to better metallic screening and higher dielectric constants. Here we map the potential fluctuations in TDS Na3Bi using a scanning tunneling microscope. The rms potential fluctuations are significantly smaller than room temperature (ΔEF,rms = 4-6 meV = 40-70 K) and comparable to the highest quality graphene on h-BN;8 far smaller than graphene on SiO2,9,10 or the Dirac surface state of a topological insulator.11 Surface Na vacancies produce a novel resonance close to the Dirac point with surprisingly large spatial extent and provides a unique way to tune the surface density of states in a TDS thin-film material.
description: 25 pages (7 main manuscript), 9 figues (4 main manuscript)
Self-gravitating black hole scalar wigs
Creators: name: Barranco, Juan
name: Bernal, Argelia
name: Degollado, Juan Carlos
name: Diez-Tejedor, Alberto
name: Megevand, Miguel
name: Nunez, Dario
name: Sarbach, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has long been known that no static, spherically symmetric, asymptotically flat Klein-Gordon scalar field configuration surrounding a nonrotating black hole can exist in general relativity. In a series of previous papers we proved that, at the effective level, this no-hair theorem can be circumvented by relaxing the staticity assumption: for appropriate model parameters there are quasi-bound scalar field configurations living on a fixed Schwarzschild background which, although not being strictly static, have a larger lifetime than the age of the universe. This situation arises when the mass of the scalar field distribution is much smaller than the black hole mass, and following the analogies with the hair in the literature we dubbed these long-lived field configurations wigs. Here we extend our previous work to include the gravitational backreaction produced by the scalar wigs. We derive new approximate solutions of the spherically symmetric Einstein-Klein-Gordon system which represent self-gravitating scalar wigs surrounding black holes. These configurations interpolate between boson star configurations and Schwarzschild black holes dressed with the long-lived scalar test field distributions discussed in previous papers. Nonlinear numerical evolutions of initial data sets extracted from our approximate solutions support the validity of our approach. Arbitrarily large lifetimes are still possible, although for the parameter space that we analyze in this paper they seem to decay faster than the quasi-bound states. Finally, we speculate about the possibility that these configurations could describe the innermost regions of dark matter halos.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures, 1 table
Additional file 7: Table S1. of Transcriptome analysis of ruminal epithelia revealed potential regulatory mechanisms involved in host adaptation to gradual high fermentable dietary transition in beef cattle
Creators: name: K. Zhao
name: Y. Chen
name: G. Penner
name: M. Oba
name: L. Guan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Primers sequences used for RT-qPCR. (DOCX 61Â kb)
Bekka-type amenabilities for unitary corepresentations of locally compact quantum groups
Creators: name: Chen, Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20G42, 46L89, 22D25

description: In this short note, further to Ng's study, we extend Bekka amenability and weak Bekka amenability to general locally compact quantum groups. We generalize some Ng's results to the general case. In particular, we show that, a locally compact quantum group $\mathbb{G}$ is co-amenable if and only if the contra-corepresentation of its fundamental multiplicative unitary $W_{\mathbb{G}}$ is Bekka amenable, and $\mathbb{G}$ is amenable if and only if its dual quantum group's fundamental multiplicative unitary $W_{\widehat{\mathbb{G}}}$ is weakly Bekka amenable.
description: 11 Pages; accepted for publication in Annals of Functional Analysis
Exploring the modulatory impact of isosakuranetin on Staphylococcus aureus: Inhibition of sortase A activity and α-haemolysin expression
Creators: name: Tian, Lili
name: Wang, Li
name: Yang, Fengying
name: Zhou, Tiezhong
name: Jiang, Hong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: The ubiquity of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and the mounting prevalence of antibiotic resistance necessitate the identification of novel therapeutic approaches to reduce the selective pressure of antibiotics. Targeting bacterial virulence factors, such as the pivotal Sortase A (SrtA) in S. aureus for adhesion and invasion, and the salient toxin α-Hemolysin (Hla), offers a sophisticated approach to attenuate pathogenicity without bacterial elimination. Herein, we report the discovery of a flavonoid, isosakuranetin, which inhibits the activity of S. aureus SrtA. A fluorescence resonance energy transfer assay revealed that isosakuranetin exhibited a low IC50 of 21.20 μg/mL. Furthermore, isosakuranetin significantly inhibited SrtA-related virulence properties, such as bacterial adhesion to fibrinogen, biofilm formation, and invasion of A549 cells. We employed fluorescence quenching and molecular docking to determine the interactions between isosakuranetin and SrtA, revealing the key amino acid sites for binding. Importantly, isosakuranetin inhibited the haemolytic activity of S. aureus in vitro at a concentration of 32 μg/mL. Moreover, isosakuranetin effectively suppressed the transcription and expression of Hla in a dose-dependent manner and regulated the transcription of RNAIII, the upstream operator of Hla. Notably, isosakuranetin demonstrated in vivo efficacy in a mouse model of S. aureus-induced pneumonia by significantly improving survival rates and reducing lung damage. This is a valuable finding, as isosakuranetin’s dual inhibitory effects on SrtA and haemolytic activity, as well as its anti-virulence activity against MRSA, make it an excellent candidate for therapeutic development.
Discretely self-similar solutions to the Navier-Stokes equations with Besov space data
Creators: name: Bradshaw, Zachary
name: Tsai, Tai-Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We construct self-similar solutions to the three dimensional Navier-Stokes equations for divergence free, self-similar initial data that can be large in the critical Besov space $\dot B^{-1+3/p}_{p,\infty}$ where $3< p< 6$. We also construct discretely self-similar solutions for divergence free initial data in $\dot B^{-1+3/p}_{p,\infty}$ for $31$. These results extend those of \cite{BT1} which dealt with initial data in $L^3_w$ since $L^3_w\subsetneq \dot B^{-1+3/p}_{p,\infty}$ for $p>3$. We also provide several concrete examples of vector fields in the relevant function spaces.