cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Integrated stratigraphy, facies patterns and palaeogeography of the lower Elbtal Group: a re-evaluation of the Cenomanian transgression in Saxony, Germany
Creators: name: Wilmsen, Markus
name: Niebuhr, Birgit
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
Until very recently, it was generally assumed that the marine flooding of the Saxonian Cretaceous Basin (SCB) was largely related to the naviculare Transgression of the early Late Cenomanian. However, based on the detailed investigation of 39 Cenomanian sites at surface and subsurface, and considering new macrobiostratigraphic data and existing palynological facts, a completely revised integrated stratigraphic framework and palaeogeographic reconstructions of the lower Elbtal Group are presented (Niebuhr & Wilmsen 2023, ZDGG 174, DOI: 10.1127/zdgg/2023/0376). Demonstrably, Cretaceous sedimentation started already in the early Early Cenomanian, indicated by the contemporaneous onlap of non-marine (Niederschöna Formation) and marine strata (Oberhäslich Formation). The Cenomanian transgressions advanced from the north, at first following the course of roughly south–north-discharging palaeovalleys of a fluvial palaeodrainage system. Sequence stratigraphic analyses demonstrate the presence of four complete, unconformity-bounded Cenomanian depositional sequences (DS) and a fifth one, DS Ce-Tu 1, which started in the mid-Late Cenomanian and lasted into the Early Turonian. The depositional sequences comprise five major transgressive phases that overstepped each other, culminating in an earliest Turonian climax of the 2nd-order Cenomanian transgressive hemicycle. The maximum thickness (100–120 m) equates to the accommodation generated by eustasy and regional subsidence during the entire 6-myr-long Cenomanian age (sedimentation rate ≤20 m/myr). Thickness changes within the lower Elbtal Group can quite simply be related to pre-transgression topography and sequence stratigraphic onlap patterns. Thus, the new stratigraphic and palaeogeographic framework of the lower Elbtal Group also demonstrates that tectonic inversion in the SCB was essentially a post-Cenomanian process.
Redex-plus : a metanotation for programming languages
Creators: name: Xu, Junfeng
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: When defining the syntax and semantics of programming languages, computer scientists often use some kind of computer science metanotations. These metanotations are often informal or under-defined: human readers can understand them intuitively, but they are unsuitable for use in rigorous formal proofs. The aim of this project is to develop a tool that bridges the gap between the intuitive metanotations for defining programming languages, and proof assistant languages in which properties of the languages defined can be formally proven. In this thesis, I present Redex-Plus, an implementation of a computer science metanotation based on the Racket language Redex, which is used to define programming language models. Redex-Plus is a compiler that translates language models defined in the Redex language to corresponding definitions in various proof assistant languages. Redex-Plus also generates boilerplate such as binding operations, saving the users from the tedious job of writing boilerplate by hand. Redex-Plus supports Coq, Agda, SMT-LIB, and Beluga as translation targets; it can faithfully translate language models with multiple types of bound variables; and it gives users the choice between multiple ways to represent variable binding when using the Coq or Agda targets. I evaluate Redex-Plus by formalizing a variant of Simply Typed Lambda Calculus and proving some important properties of the language model in both Coq and Agda, and by formalizing a variant of System F and attempting to prove the same properties in Coq. The source code repository of Redex-Plus is publicly available at https://gitlab.com/xujunfeng/redex-plus , and on Zenodo.
title: Decimeter-scale hydraulic testing of pre-existing fractures (HTPF) under anisotropic stress conditions. Part 1: Experimental setup
Creators: name: Cadmus, Alexander
name: Osten, Julian
name: Jalali, Mohammadreza
name: Fuentes, Raul
name: Amann, Florian
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
Sustainable development of enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) requires a comprehensive understanding of the in-situ stress conditions. Among several techniques developed in the last decades, Hydraulic Testing of Pre-existing Fractures (HTPF) is a common practice to quantify the normal stress acting on hydraulically isolated fractures. To better understand the hydromechanical coupled mechanisms involved during HTPF as well as validation of HTPF analysis methods, a decimeter-scale true triaxial testing (TTT) apparatus was utilized that allows HTPF measurements on fracture planes under anisotropic stress conditions.

This work is primarily focusing on the experimental setup, calibration, and boundary conditions of the TTT apparatus. The apparatus contains three sets of oil-filled flat-jacks, which independently control the stress boundary conditions in the (horizontal) x, y, and (vertical) z directions. Contained within a steel frame, the flat-jacks exert pressures onto loading plates, which transfer and distribute pressure onto the sample’s surfaces. The 30*30*45cm cuboidal granite sample contains a vertical saw cut fracture, oriented 45° in respect to the x and y axis. Boreholes, drilled through the sample to the fracture surface, allow high-pressure fluid injection and monitoring of the fracture fluid pressure. Thirty-two acoustic emission sensors, mounted in the loading plates, allow for active and passive seismic measurement. The deformation of the rock sample is captured by 16 linear variable differential transformer (LVDT) displacement sensors mounted externally to the loading plates. The test procedure and preliminary results of the HTPF tests can be found in Osten et al. (2023; this conference).
Paralichthys Girard 1858
Creators: name: Díaz de Astarloa, Juan M.
name: Munroe, Thomas A.
name: Béarez, Philippe
name: Gonzalez-Castro, Mariano
name: Castellini, Damián L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Pleuronectiformes
Paralichthyidae
Paralichthys

description: Key to species of Paralichthys of the Pacific Ocean 1a- Cycloid scales on both sides of body............................ 2 1b- Ctenoid scales on ocular side of body.......................... 3 2a. Gill rakers on lower limb of first gill arch 10 to 14. Anal-fin rays 55 to 58................. Paralichthys woolmani 2b. Gill rakers on lower limb of first gill arch 18 to 21. Anal-fin rays 59 to 64................ Paralichthys aestuarius 3a. Gill rakers on lower limb of first gill arch 9 to 10.................................................. Paralichthys fernandezianus 3b. Gill rakers on lower limb of first gill arch 14 to 23...... 4 4a. Three distinct ocelli on ocular side of body; two (one above and one below) the beginning of the straight part of the lateral line. A third ocellus on the straight part of the lateral line just anterior to the caudal peduncle...... Paralichthys adspersus 4b. No disctinct ocelli on body, but some dark blotches may be present............................................................... 5 5a. Dorsal-fin rays 59 to 64. Anal-fin rays 47 to 51. Gill rakers on lower limb of first gill arch 14 to 16. Several dark blotches on ocular side of body...................................................................................... Paralichthys delfini 5b. Dorsal-fin rays 67 to 85. Anal-fin rays 51 to 66. Gill rakers on lower limb of first gill arch 14 to 23. Ocular side of body mottled or spotted with paler and darker spots or blotches............................................................ 6 6a. Lateral-line scales 80 to 90. Dorsal-fin rays 71 to 80. Anal-fin rays 58 to 66. Gill rakers on lower limb of first arch 18 to 23........................... Paralichthys microps 6b. Lateral-line scales 101 to 126. Dorsal-fin rays 67 to 84. Anal-fin rays 51 to 65. Gill rakers on lower limb of first arch 14 to 22........................................................... 7 7a. Gill rakers on lower limb of first arch 14 to 16. Dorsalfin rays 77 to 81. Lateral-line scales 119 to 126................................................................ Paralichthys olivaceus 7b. Gill rakers on lower limb of first arch 18 to 22. Dorsalfin rays 67 to 76. Lateral-line scales 101 to 110............................................................ Paralichthys californicus
description: Published as part of Díaz de Astarloa, Juan M., Munroe, Thomas A., Béarez, Philippe, Gonzalez-Castro, Mariano & Castellini, Damián L., 2018, External morphology, postcranial and appendicular osteology of three southwestern Atlantic flatfishes (Paralichthys, Paralichthyidae), and comparisons with other congeneric species, pp. 1-21 in Neotropical Ichthyology 16 (2) on pages 14-15, DOI: 10.1590/1982-0224-20170164, http://zenodo.org/record/3709796
Map #120, Site 5MT10711, Pit Room 117, Nonstructure 112, and Nonstructure 113, Stratigraphic Profile
Creators: name: DeVos, Jim
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Southwestern Colorado
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/2810/southwestern-colorado
subject: Southwestern US
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/84604/southwestern-us
subject: Basketmaker III
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/78/basketmaker-iii
subject: 5MT10711
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/118032/5mt10711
subject: Ridgeline Site
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/118031/ridgeline-site

description: Site 5MT10711, Pit Room 117, Nonstructure 112, and Nonstructure 113, Stratigraphic Profile
Galaxies Science with the Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space Time (LSST): The Need for Infra-red Data
Creators: name: Banerji, Manda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Synergies with wavelengths and facilities

description: I will present an overview of some of the ongoing activities within the Vera C. Rubin Observatory Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) Galaxies Science Collaboration. I will focus in particular on science cases that require the LSST optical data to be supplemented with observations at near infra-red wavelengths and showcase some of the galaxy and AGN science highlights that have resulted from bringing together current optical and near infrared imaging surveys such as the Dark Energy Survey and VISTA infrared surveys. I will also discuss current efforts that I am involved in to derive joint LSST and near infra-red data products to facilitate LSST galaxies science.
Effects of forest structure and human influence on the call rate of owls in the Piedmont Forest of Northwestern Argentina
Creators: name: Scheffer, Maila
name: Politi, N.
name: Martinuzzi, S.
name: Rivera, L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Owls (Strigiformes) play an important ecological role as predators that structure and organize biological communities. Specialized owl species dependent on old-growth forests have suffered declines because of forest loss or degradation by human activities. Few studies have been conducted on Neotropical owls, especially in the Piedmont Forest of Northwestern Argentina. The scarcity of information on habitat requirements and the effect of human impacts preclude the establishment of conservation and management activities. The human footprint index (HFI) is a tool for mapping human impacts on biodiversity that is used at global and regional scales, based on the estimated and standardized contribution of different human impact variables (e.g. road networks, urban centers, agricultural land, etc.). The objectives of this work were to: 1) Determine the call rate of five owl species in the Piedmont Forest of Northwestern Argentina, 2) relate forest structure to the call rate of owl species, and 3) relate human footprint index to the call rate of owls. We placed 28 automatic recorders in the Piedmont Forest, in sites with low and high Human influence, and characterized the forest structure around each recorder within a circular plot of 25 m diameter. We obtained 241 vocalizations in 168 intervals of 2 h for Ferruginous pygmy owl (Glaucidium brasilianum), Tropical screech-owl (Megascops choliba), Black-banded owl (Ciccaba huhula), Spectacled owl (Pulsatrix perspicillata), and Buff-fronted owl (Aegolius harrisii). We found that for Tropical screech-owl live tree basal area had a positive and diameter at breast height standard deviation had a negative influence on call rate. While for Black-banded owl, the dead tree density had a positive and human footprint index >1 had a negative influence on call rate. For Spectacled owl, dead tree density and human footprint index >1 had a negative influence on call rate. We provide first insights into the effects of forest structure and human influence on the call rate of owls in the Piedmont Forest of Northwestern Argentina, information that may guide forest management guidelines and conservation strategies.
Rana esculenta Linnaeus 1758
Creators: name: Müller, F
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1885
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Amphibia
Anura
Ranidae
Rana

description: * Rana esculenta var. Bedriagai Cam.
Haiffa. v. F M. [1]
description: Published as part of Müller, F, 1885, Vierter Nachtrag zum Katalogder herpetologischen Sammlung des Basler Museums, pp. 668-717 in Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel. 7 (3) on page 670, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.part.2388, http://zenodo.org/record/15183591
PARTHENOS D6.3 Report on the implementation of the Joint Resource Registry (interim)
Creators: name: Frosini, Luca
name: Assante, Massimiliano
name: Dell'Amico, Andrea
name: Lelii, Lucio
name: Candela, Leonardo
name: Pagano, Pasquale
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017

description: The D6.3 Report on the implementation of the Joint Resource Registry documents the interim implementation of the Joint Resource Registry (JRR). It complements the D5.2 Report on the design of the Joint Resource Registry deliverable by providing details on how to interact with and exploit the functionalities it provides.

All PARTHENOS deliverables are available at: http://www.parthenos-project.eu/resources/projects-deliverables
Predation of vertebrates by domestic cats in two Brazilian hotspots: incidental records and literature review
Creators: name: Assis, Clodoaldo Lopes
name: Novaes, Camila Moura
name: Dias, Marcelo Augusto Pereira Coelho
name: Guedes, Jhonny José Magalhães
name: Feio, Renato Neves
name: Garbino, Guilherme Siniciato Terra
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Domestic cats (Felis catus Linnaeus, 1758) can interact with and cause several negative impacts upon wildlife if unconstrained by their owners. These impacts occur especially because of their innate predatory behavior and, usually the lack of any natural predators, as well as due to their high abundances relative to native carnivores. Although these impacts are well studied in temperate countries, there are but a few records of species used as prey by these carnivores in Brazil. Here, we expand the knowledge of native species preyed upon by domestic cats in Brazil by presenting new records of this predator-prey interaction and reviewing records in the literature. Predation events were recorded through opportunistic encounters between 2016 and 2022. We recorded the predation of 14 native terrestrial vertebrate species (reptiles, amphibians, birds, and mammals) from the Cerrado and Atlantic Forest biomes. Our literature review recovered predation events by cats in the two aforementioned biomes plus in the Amazonia. Our results increase to 48 the number of wild species preyed upon by domestic cats in Brazil, which is probably an underestimation, as this number is much higher in other countries of comparable land size and species diversity. We suggest that cat population control measures should be carried out, especially in protected areas.
Unsolved issues in galaxy evolution at the epoch of reionization
Creators: name: Chary, Ranga-Ram
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Synergies with wavelengths and facilities

description: Balancing the reionizing photon budget is trivial even with low escape fractions since ionizing photon flux in z>5 galaxies is x10 stronger than at low-z. But why and how? Roman will be crucial for identifying high-z galaxies and probing galaxy properties varying as a function of large scale structure. Recommend a Ks filter for finding first light sources early, targets for JWST spectroscopy. Essential to have complementary MIR spectroscopy (JWST) and deep X-ray imaging in these fields. Is there a population of XRBs which are evolved from the top-heavy IMF stellar population? Is turbulence in the hot ISM and CMB heating responsible for the dn/dM~M-1.6 stellar population?
Effect of apolipoprotein E polymorphism on cognition and brain in the Cambridge Centre for Ageing and Neuroscience cohort
Creators: name: Henson, Richard N.
name: Suri, Sana
name: Knights, Ethan
name: Rowe, James B.
name: Kievit, Rogier A.
name: Lyall, Donald M.
name: Chan, Dennis
name: Eising, Else
name: Fisher, Simon E.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Registered Report
Cognition
apolipoprotein E
lifespan
brain
ageing

description: Funder: Wellcome Trust; FundRef: https://doi.org/10.13039/100004440
description: Funder: Max-Planck-Gesellschaft; FundRef: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100004189
description: Funder: Alzheimer’s Research Trust; FundRef: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100000319
description: Polymorphisms in the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene have been associated with individual differences in cognition, brain structure and brain function. For example, the ε4 allele has been associated with cognitive and brain impairment in old age and increased risk of dementia, while the ε2 allele has been claimed to be neuroprotective. According to the ‘antagonistic pleiotropy’ hypothesis, these polymorphisms have different effects across the lifespan, with ε4, for example, postulated to confer benefits on cognitive and brain functions earlier in life. In this stage 2 of the Registered Report – https://osf.io/bufc4, we report the results from the cognitive and brain measures in the Cambridge Centre for Ageing and Neuroscience cohort (www.cam-can.org). We investigated the antagonistic pleiotropy hypothesis by testing for allele-by-age interactions in approximately 600 people across the adult lifespan (18–88 years), on six outcome variables related to cognition, brain structure and brain function (namely, fluid intelligence, verbal memory, hippocampal grey-matter volume, mean diffusion within white matter and resting-state connectivity measured by both functional magnetic resonance imaging and magnetoencephalography). We found no evidence to support the antagonistic pleiotropy hypothesis. Indeed, Bayes factors supported the null hypothesis in all cases, except for the (linear) interaction between age and possession of the ε4 allele on fluid intelligence, for which the evidence for faster decline in older ages was ambiguous. Overall, these pre-registered analyses question the antagonistic pleiotropy of APOE polymorphisms, at least in healthy adults.
Bibliography of Economic Regulation of Agricultural and Nonagricultural Industries, 1960-79
Creators: name: Grant, Winston W.
name: Dahl, Dale C.
name: Grant, Winston W.
name: Dahl, Dale C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1980
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Economic regulation
subject: Agriculture
subject: Agricultural regulation
subject: Agricultural structure
subject: Agricultural chemicals
subject: Consumer protection
subject: Transportation
subject: Energy
subject: Commodity futures
subject: Marketing orders

description: This bibliography serves as an aid to those interested in researching the theory, economic effects, and other implications of regulation of agriculture and the food system. Additional references discuss the regulation of industries other than agriculture so that the methods and theories of nonagricultural regulation can be compared with the regulation of agriculture and food industries.
description: Grant, Research Specialist, and Dahl, Professor and Adjunct Professor of Law; Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minn., compiled this bibliography for the Economics, Statistics, and Cooperatives Service of the U. S. Department of Agriculture.
Map #31, Sites 5MT2037, 5MT10684, 5MT10686, and 5MT10687, Topography
Creators: name: DeVos, Jim
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Southwestern Colorado
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/2810/southwestern-colorado
subject: Southwestern US
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/84604/southwestern-us
subject: Basketmaker III
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/78/basketmaker-iii
subject: Pueblo II
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/55/pueblo-ii
subject: Pueblo III
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/56/pueblo-iii
subject: 5MT2037
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/118042/5mt2037
subject: Pasquin Site
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/118041/pasquin-site

description: Sites 5MT2037, 5MT10684, 5MT10686, and 5MT10687, Topography
Integrating philosophy, policy and practice to create a just and fair health service
Creators: name: Fritz, Zoe
name: Cox, Caitríona L
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Original research
1506
distributive justice
ethics
public health ethics
political philosophy

description: To practise ‘fairly and justly’ a clinician must balance the needs of both the many and the few: the individual patient in front of them, and the many unseen patients in the waiting room, and in the county. They must consider the immediate clinical needs of those in the present, and how their actions will impact on future patients. The good medical practice guidance ‘Make the care of your patient your first concern’ provides no guidance on how doctors should act when they care for multiple patients with conflicting needs. Moreover, conflicting needs extend far past simply those between different patients. At an organisational level, financial obligations must be balanced with clinical ones; the system must support those who work within it in a variety of roles; and, finally, in order for a healthcare service to be sustainable, the demands of current and future generations must be balanced. The central problem, we propose, is that there is no shared philosophical framework on which the provision of care or the development of health policy is based, nor is there a practical, fair and transparent process to ensure that the service is equipped to deal justly with new challenges as they emerge. Many philosophers have grappled with constructing a set of principles which would lead to a ‘good’ society which is just to different users; prominent among them is Rawls. Four important principles can be derived using a Rawlsian approach: equity of access, distributive justice, sustainability and openness. However, Rawls’ approach is sometimes considered too abstract to be applied readily to policymaking; it does not provide clear guidance for how individuals working within existing institutions can enact the principles of justice. We therefore combine the principles derived from Rawls with Scanlonian contractualism: by demanding that decisions are made in a way which cannot be ‘reasonably rejected’ by different stakeholders (including ‘trustees’ for those who cannot represent themselves), we ensure that conflicting needs are considered robustly. We demonstrate how embedding this framework would ensure just policies and fair practice. We illustrate this by using examples of how it would help prevent injustice among different socioeconomic groups, prevent intergenerational injustice and prevent injustice in a crisis, for example, as we respond to new challenges such as COVID-19. Attempts to help individual doctors practise fairly and justly throughout their professional lives are best focused at an institutional or systemic level. We propose a practical framework: combining Scanlonian contractualism with a Rawlsian approach. Adopting this framework would equip the workforce and population to contribute to fair policymaking, and would ultimately result in a healthcare system whose practice and policies—at their core—were just.
AARP 50+ Coronavirus Study: Wave 2
Creators: name: American Association Of Retired Persons (AARP)
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2022

description: Concern about contracting coronavirus (3); diagnosed/tested positive for coronavirus (3); modified behavior/plans due to coronavirus (14); following guidelines to prevent the spread of coronavirus (1); concerns about dying from the coronavirus (1); financial concerns about coronavirus (10); concern about coronavirus scams (1); concern about consumer goods shortages (1); concern about social isolation/loneliness (1); financial impacts of coronavirus experienced (7); reopening the American economy (1); support/oppose congressional proposals to help people during the pandemic (6); job lost/furloughed/hours cut due to the pandemic (2); unemployment benefits (2); stimulus payments (2); Economic Injury Disaster Loans/Paycheck Protection Program (3); paid family caregivers (1); paid time off for all workers (1); support/oppose legislative actions regarding the pandemic (8).
Deconvolution of monocyte responses in inflammatory bowel disease reveals an IL-1 cytokine network that regulates IL-23 in genetic and acquired IL-10 resistance
Creators: name: Aschenbrenner, Dominik
name: Quaranta, Maria
name: Banerjee, Soumya
name: Ilott, Nicholas
name: Jansen, Joanneke
name: Steere, Boyd
name: Chen, Yin-Huai
name: Ho, Stephen
name: Cox, Karen
name: Arancibia-Cárcamo, Carolina V
name: Coles, Mark
name: Gaffney, Eamonn
name: Travis, Simon PL
name: Denson, Lee
name: Kugathasan, Subra
name: Schmitz, Jochen
name: Powrie, Fiona
name: Sansom, Stephen N
name: Uhlig, Holm H
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Inflammatory bowel disease
1506
2312
mucosal immunology
inflammatory bowel disease
interleukins

description: Objective: Dysregulated immune responses are the cause of IBDs. Studies in mice and humans suggest a central role of interleukin (IL)-23-producing mononuclear phagocytes in disease pathogenesis. Mechanistic insights into the regulation of IL-23 are prerequisite for selective IL-23 targeting therapies as part of personalised medicine. Design: We performed transcriptomic analysis to investigate IL-23 expression in human mononuclear phagocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. We investigated the regulation of IL-23 expression and used single-cell RNA sequencing to derive a transcriptomic signature of hyperinflammatory monocytes. Using gene network correlation analysis, we deconvolved this signature into components associated with homeostasis and inflammation in patient biopsy samples. Results: We characterised monocyte subsets of healthy individuals and patients with IBD that express IL-23. We identified autosensing and paracrine sensing of IL-1α/IL-1β and IL-10 as key cytokines that control IL-23-producing monocytes. Whereas Mendelian genetic defects in IL-10 receptor signalling induced IL-23 secretion after lipopolysaccharide stimulation, whole bacteria exposure induced IL-23 production in controls via acquired IL-10 signalling resistance. We found a transcriptional signature of IL-23-producing inflammatory monocytes that predicted both disease and resistance to antitumour necrosis factor (TNF) therapy and differentiated that from an IL-23-associated lymphocyte differentiation signature that was present in homeostasis and in disease. Conclusion: Our work identifies IL-10 and IL-1 as critical regulators of monocyte IL-23 production. We differentiate homeostatic IL-23 production from hyperinflammation-associated IL-23 production in patients with severe ulcerating active Crohn’s disease and anti-TNF treatment non-responsiveness. Altogether, we identify subgroups of patients with IBD that might benefit from IL-23p19 and/or IL-1α/IL-1β-targeting therapies upstream of IL-23.
Os túmulos pelas ruínas | A história pelas paredes | A peste branca pelas memórias: a arquitetura dos sanatórios para a tuberculose em Portugal (1850-1970)
Creators: name: Avelãs Nunes, José Carlos
Publisher: name: Anais do Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical
Year: 2019

description: A tuberculose foi uma das principais hecatombes a partir do século XIX e considerada uma das mais importantes doenças do século XX. Como elemento dizimador de parte da população portuguesa, congregou esforços de luta por parte dos médicos, dos arquitetos e de uma intricada rede de esferas de poder. Os elementos mais visíveis para este combate foram os sanatórios, como arquiteturas para a tuberculose. São, assim, um dos baluartes dos pensamentos médico, arquitetónico e social e cujas implicações são, ainda hoje, pouco conhecidas. Os sanatórios para a tuberculose sofreram processos de mutação estrutural e arquitetónica, acompanhando e respondendo aos desenvolvimentos médicos, desde 1850 e até 1970. Desta forma, constituem-se como documentos fundamentais para a compreensão da história da arquitetura e da medicina e, em particular, da história da tuberculose. Enquanto ecos de memórias, são também património sem voz, em forma de sepulturas – na realidade, antíteses do seu próprio programa. Outrora símbolos de saúde, de salvaguarda urbana, de aparente cura e de clara profilaxia, estão atualmente, largados ao abandono. Não só as estruturas, mas também os seus registos, o seu espólio e o seu equipamento estão em risco. O seu estudo interdisciplinar desvenda uma série de relações, importantes para a historiografia médica e arquitetónica.
description: Anais do Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, v. 17 (2018): Suplemento Nº3 - Património, ciência e saúde: intervir, conhecer, preservar e valorizar
Acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure in a low-income country: a prospective observational study of hospital prevalence and mortality
Creators: name: Kwizera, Arthur
name: Nakibuuka, Jane
name: Nakiyingi, Lydia
name: Sendagire, Cornelius
name: Tumukunde, Janat
name: Katabira, Catherine
name: Ssenyonga, Ronald
name: Kiwanuka, Noah
name: Kateete, David Patrick
name: Joloba, Moses
name: Kabatoro, Daphne
name: Atwine, Diana
name: Summers, Charlotte
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Respiratory epidemiology
1506
2228
clinical epidemiology
respiratory infection
ARDS

description: Introduction: Limited data exist on the epidemiology of acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure (AHRF) in low-income countries (LICs). We sought to determine the prevalence of AHRF in critically ill adult patients admitted to a Ugandan tertiary referral hospital; determine clinical and treatment characteristics as well as assess factors associated with mortality. Materials and methods: We conducted a prospective observational study at the Mulago National Referral and Teaching Hospital in Uganda. Critically ill adults who were hospitalised at the emergency department and met the criteria for AHRF (acute shortness of breath for less than a week) were enrolled and followed up for 90 days. Multivariable analyses were conducted to determine the risk factors for death. Results: A total of 7300 patients was screened. Of these, 327 (4.5%) presented with AHRF. The majority (60 %) was male and the median age was 38 years (IQR 27–52). The mean plethysmographic oxygen saturation (SpO2) was 77.6% (SD 12.7); mean SpO2/FiO2 ratio 194 (SD 32) and the mean Lung Injury Prediction Score (LIPS) 6.7 (SD 0.8). Pneumonia (80%) was the most common diagnosis. Only 6% of the patients received mechanical ventilatory support. In-hospital mortality was 77% with an average length of hospital stay of 9.2 days (SD 7). At 90 days after enrolment, the mortality increased to 85%. Factors associated with mortality were severity of hypoxaemia (risk ratio (RR) 1.29 (95% CI 1.15 to 1.54), p=0.01); a high LIPS (RR 1.79 (95% CI 1.79 1.14 to 2.83), p=0.01); thrombocytopenia (RR 1.23 (95% CI 1.11 to 1.38), p=0.01); anaemia (RR 1.15 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.31), p=0.03) ; HIV co-infection (RR 0.84 (95% CI 0.72 to 0.97), p=0.019) and male gender (RR 1.15 (95% CI 1.01 to 1.31) p=0.04). Conclusions: The prevalence of AHRF among emergency department patients in a tertiary hospital in an LIC was low but was associated with very high mortality. Pneumonia was the most common cause of AHRF. Mortality was associated with higher severity of hypoxaemia, high LIPS, anaemia, HIV co-infection, thrombocytopenia and being male.
Arming the troops: Post-translational modification of extracellular bacterial proteins
Creators: name: Forrest, Suzanne
name: Welch, Martin
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Review
Post-translational modification
protein secretion
bacterial pathogens
bacterial virulence factors
proteomics
methylation
acetylation
glycosylation
lipidation

description: Funder: The Evelyn Trust
description: Funder: The Cystic Fibrosis Trust
description: Funder: British Lung Foundation; FundRef: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100000351
description: Protein secretion is almost universally employed by bacteria. Some proteins are retained on the cell surface, whereas others are released into the extracellular milieu, often playing a key role in virulence. In this review, we discuss the diverse types and potential functions of post-translational modifications (PTMs) occurring to extracellular bacterial proteins.
Characterization and prediction of methane spatial heterogeneity within and beyond a flux tower footprint
Creators: name: Ng, Darian Chi Yung
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Freshwater wetlands are effective nature-based solutions to climate change for their unique ability to sequester atmospheric carbon for extended periods of time. However, they simultaneously emit large amounts of methane gas (CH₄). CH₄ is a highly potent greenhouse gas, and its spatial heterogeneity in wetlands is not yet fully understood. This study is the first of its kind and explores a novel approach to characterizing and predicting the spatial distribution of CH₄ fluxes (FCH₄) within a single flux tower footprint using a combination of remote-sensing via the Landsat 8 satellite and eddy covariance (EC) Footprint-weighted Flux Maps. There were two research objectives: 1) to determine whether there exist significant relationships correlating remote-sensing with within-footprint FCH₄, and 2) to investigate the potential of extrapolating and upscaling these relationships to predict FCH₄ beyond the flux tower. The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Water Index (NDWI), Moisture Index (NDMI), and Land Surface Temperature (LST) remote-sensing products were collected from Landsat 8, and EC data from four wetland sites, MBPPW1, MBPPW2, US-Myb, and US-WPT were used for the Flux Maps. Hierarchical clustering was used on the Flux Maps to identify distinct FCH₄ features, and then applied to Landsat 8 to process the data for use in two stages of regression analysis. The first stage used simple linear regression to assess the relationships between FCH₄ and the four remote-sensing indices. The second stage used multiple linear regression (MLR) to model the spatial distribution of FCH₄. The simple linear regression analysis demonstrated strong relationships between remotely-sensed surface conditions and FCH₄, and found stronger FCH₄ from open water at MBPPW2 and US-WPT, and stronger FCH₄ from the emergent vegetation at US-Myb. MBPPW1 demonstrated a limitation of this approach requiring sites to have strong FCH₄ signals. The MLR models supported the feasibility of upscaling using remote-sensing by capturing much of the FCH₄ variance, but had reduced accuracy from strong error-biases and low regression slopes. This study demonstrates the applicability of its novel methodology to upscaling FCH₄ using remotely-sensed data and paves the way for future studies aiming to improve FCH₄ estimates from wetlands at a regional level.
title: Mineral material for use in dermocosmetic products based on a modification kaolin from the Jegłowa deposit (Poland)
Creators: name: Czarnecka-Skwarek, Anna
name: Rożek, Agnieszka
name: Pilaszkiewicz, Michał
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
The aim of the research was to produce a microbiologically safe, modified mineral material with increased sorption parameters, enabling use in the cosmetics industry as an active substance in the line of dermocosmetic products. Samples of selected kaolin (from the Jegłowa deposit, part of Silesia, Poland) were subjected to thermal (at 600 ℃) and chemical activation (using 2 or 4 M HCl). The modified material was characterized using the XRD, SEM and gas porosimetry methods (the specific surface of the samples was determined based on the assumptions of the BET model). The microbiological purity of the newly manufactured materials has been tested in accordance with the applicable standards ISO 21149:2017-07 (for bacteria) and ISO 16212:2017-08 (for yeasts). The results showed that both modifications affected the structure and properties of the tested samples. The acid activation caused the displacement and increase in the intensity of XRD reflections of kaolinite, which is the result of the removal of poorly crystalline mineral phases from the sample, present in unmodified samples. SEM imaging confirmed the change in the morphology of kaolinite plates. The measured surface properties of the samples (specific surface area, micropore area) were significantly higher in the case of acid activation and increased with the use of a stronger acid (4M HCl). Microbiological tests have shown that both the thermally and acid-activated samples meet the quality requirements for materials used in the dermocosmetics. The conducted research proves that kaolin from Jegłowa can be an attractive raw material for the cosmetics industry.
title: 3D gravity modelling of the crust in the Eastern and eastern-Southern Alps using density data derived from compressional-wave velocities obtained by Local Earthquake Tomography
Creators: name: Sanders, Richard
name: Le Breton, Eline
name: Haberland, Christian
name: Kumar, Ajay
name: Anikiev, Denis
name: Scheck-Wenderoth, Magdalena
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
Detailed crustal structures and causative kinematic processes in the Alps continue to be a matter of ongoing research. Of particular interest is the crustal structure of the Adriatic indenter, the northern tip of the Adriatic plate that collided with and significantly deformed the Eastern Alpine Orogen in the Oligo-Miocene.

As part of the “Mountain Building in 4D” (4DMB/AlpArray) project, a high-density network of seismic stations was previously used to produce 3-D models of compressional wave velocity (Vp) of the crust and upper mantle in the Eastern and eastern Southern Alps using Local Earthquake Tomography (LET). This LET model shows a thickened high velocity zone within the lower crust beneath the Periadriatic fault, which is expected to relate to the local gravity field variations.

Here, we present results of gravity modelling using the IGMAS+ software and densities derived from the P-wave velocities of the LET model. Different possible empirical relationships between Vp and density are explored and compared to previous models as well as the AlpArray Gravity measurements to further constrain the present lithological and tectonic structures in the Eastern and eastern-Southern Alps. Strengths and weaknesses of the LET model and the gravity response of the derived densities, in particular regarding uncertainties of structures at greater depths, will be discussed.
Innovative strategies against exclusionary narratives.The case of Spain
Creators: name: Güell, Berta
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: migration narratives
narrative success
inclusive narratives
Spain
civil society
Stop Mare Mortum
RegularizaciónYa

description: Political discourses of exclusion have become prominent in the public and political agendas across all Europe. Spain is no exception, especially since the rise of the extreme right-wing party VOX in the last few years. Against such discourses, several actors of the civil society have organised to claim changes in the narratives and in the policy and legal frameworks to guarantee migrants’ rights and reduce structural inequalities. After a first mapping of fifteen recent initiatives that stand out for their innovative strategies and their success in spreading inclusive narratives across all Spain, two of them have been selected for an in-depth analysis. Stop Mare Mortum (SMM) is a citizens’ platform which was born in 2015 to advocate for the arrival of migrants and refugees to Europe through legal and safe pathways, and RegularizaciónYa (RY) is a movement born in 2020 to claim an extraordinary regularisation of undocumented migrants through a state level campaign. Drawing on a qualitative methodological approach based on interviews and desk-research, this report examines the data along five key dimensions: the nature of the narratives (alternative versus counter-narratives), the audience (wide society or sensitised public), the composition of the actors (autochthonous or migrant people), the ambition (tackling structural inequalities or aiming for concrete goals), and the media, political and social impact. These findings are, in turn, analysed through the lens of the concept of ‘migration narrative success’ (Garcés-Mascareñas and Pastore 2022) by pointing out which factors explain the salience of these initiatives. The main conclusion is that while both initiatives have achieved to be influential in terms of transformativity for inducing actions like different forms of advocacy and mobilisation, the degree of pervasiveness of their narratives especially in the media arena has been higher in the case of SMM. The closer position to power structures among autochthonous activists of SMM appears as a relevant explanatory factor vis a vis the non-hegemonic position of migrant and racialised activists of RY.
Ensuring that COVID-19 research is inclusive: guidance from the NIHR INCLUDE project
Creators: name: Witham, Miles D
name: Anderson, Eleanor
name: Carroll, Camille B
name: Dark, Paul M
name: Down, Kim
name: Hall, Alistair S
name: Knee, Joanna
name: Maher, Eamonn R
name: Maier, Rebecca H
name: Mountain, Gail A
name: Nestor, Gary
name: O'Brien, John T
name: Oliva, Laurie
name: Wason, James
name: Rochester, Lynn
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Research methods
1506
2474
COVID-19
statistics & research methods
public health

description: Objective: To provide guidance to researchers, funders, regulators and study delivery teams to ensure that research on COVID-19 is inclusive, particularly of groups disproportionately affected by COVID-19 and who may have been historically under-served by research. Summary of key points: Groups who are disproportionately affected by COVID-19 include (but are not limited to) older people, people with multiple long-term conditions, people with disabilities, people from Black, Asian and Ethnic minority groups, people living with obesity, people who are socioeconomically deprived and people living in care homes. All these groups are under-served by clinical research, and there is an urgent need to rectify this if COVID-19 research is to deliver relevant evidence for these groups who are most in need. We provide a framework and checklists for addressing key issues when designing and delivering inclusive COVID-19 research, based on the National Institute for Health Research INnovations in CLinical trial design and delivery for the UnDEr-served project roadmap. Strong community engagement, codevelopment and prioritisation of research questions and interventions are essential. Under-served groups should be represented on funding panels and ethics committees, who should insist on the removal of barriers to participation. Exclusion criteria should be kept to a minimum; intervention delivery and outcome measurement should be simple, flexible and tailored to the needs of different groups, and local advice on the best way to reach and engage with under-served communities should be taken by study delivery teams. Data on characteristics that allow identification of under-served groups must be collected, analyses should include these data to enable subgroup comparisons and results should be shared with under-served groups at an early stage. Conclusion: Inclusive COVID-19 research is a necessity, not a luxury, if research is to benefit all the communities it seeks to serve. It requires close engagement with under-served groups and attention to aspects of study topic, design, delivery, analysis and dissemination across the research life cycle.
Resolving Problems in Galaxy Formation with HST, WFIRST and GIRMOS
Creators: name: Muzzin, Adam
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Synergies with wavelengths and facilities

description: Over the past two decades galaxy evolution studies have given us an impressive census of stars and star formation in the universe. While a significant achievement, the major problem we face is that the majority of this work is unresolved. Even though we know when stars form in galaxies, we have only modest information on where. I will show new results on resolved stellar mass maps and star formation from ALMA and HST which demonstrate where galaxies build up their mass over time and where within galaxies quenching occurs. I will also show how the clumpiness of galaxies evolves over cosmic time based on results of new finite resolution image deconvolution techniques applied to the COSMOS field. Finite resolution image deconvolution of supporting ground-based data for WFIRST will facilitate resolved maps of stellar mass and star formation for millions of galaxies over a large baseline of cosmic time and is an exciting way to maximize scientific return from the mission. Lastly, I will look forward to GIRMOS, the first multi-object adaptive optics science instrument being built for an 8m class telescope. GIRMOS will be ideal for followup of interesting sources detected by WFIRST and will allow us to map star formation and galaxy kinematics with near diffraction-limited angular resolution for hundreds of galaxies over ~ 85% of cosmic time.