cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Revisiting Impacts of Nuclear Burning for Reviving Weak Shocks in Neutrino-Driven Supernovae
Creators: name: Nakamura, Ko
name: Takiwaki, Tomoya
name: Kotake, Kei
name: Nishimura, Nobuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit potential impacts of nuclear burning on the onset of the neutrino-driven explosions of core-collapse supernovae. By changing the neutrino luminosity and its decay time to obtain parametric explosions in one-(1D) and two-dimensional (2D) models with or without a 13-isotope alpha network, we study how the inclusion of nuclear burning could affect the postbounce dynamics for four progenitor models; three for 15.0 Msun stars, one for an 11.2 Msun star. We find that the energy supply due to nuclear burning of infalling material behind the shock can energize the shock expansion especially for models that produce only marginal explosions in the absence of nuclear burning. These models are energized by nuclear energy deposition when the shock front passes through the silicon-rich layer and/or later it touches the oxygen-rich layer. Depending on the neutrino luminosity and its decay time, a diagnostic energy of explosion increases up to a few times 10^50 erg for models with nuclear burning compared to the corresponding models without. We point out that these features are most remarkable for the Limongi-Chieffi progenitor in both 1D and 2D, because the progenitor model possesses a massive oxygen layer with its inner-edge radius being smallest among the employed progenitors, so that the shock can touch the rich fuel on a shorter timescale after bounce. The energy difference is generally smaller (~0.1-0.2 times 10^51 erg) in 2D than in 1D (at most ~0.6 times 10^51 erg). This is because neutrino-driven convection and the shock instability in 2D models enhance the neutrino heating efficiency, which makes the contribution of nuclear burning relatively smaller compared to 1D models. Considering uncertainties in progenitor models, our results indicate that nuclear burning should remain as one of the important ingredients to foster the onset of neutrino-driven explosions.
description: 41 pages, 24 figures, 2tables, 2 appendices, ApJ accepted
Das Rheinische Landesmuseum Bonn / Rheinisches Amt für Bodendenkmalpflege. Ausgrabungen und Funde 1985
Creators: name: Beyer, Brigitte
name: Joachim, Hans-Eckart
Publisher: name: Bonner Jahrbücher
Year: 2019

description: Bonner Jahrbücher, Bd. 187.1987: Bonner Jahrbücher
Finite-sample equivalence in statistical models for presence-only data
Creators: name: Fithian, William
name: Hastie, Trevor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Statistical modeling of presence-only data has attracted much recent attention in the ecological literature, leading to a proliferation of methods, including the inhomogeneous Poisson process (IPP) model, maximum entropy (Maxent) modeling of species distributions and logistic regression models. Several recent articles have shown the close relationships between these methods. We explain why the IPP intensity function is a more natural object of inference in presence-only studies than occurrence probability (which is only defined with reference to quadrat size), and why presence-only data only allows estimation of relative, and not absolute intensity of species occurrence. All three of the above techniques amount to parametric density estimation under the same exponential family model (in the case of the IPP, the fitted density is multiplied by the number of presence records to obtain a fitted intensity). We show that IPP and Maxent give the exact same estimate for this density, but logistic regression in general yields a different estimate in finite samples. When the model is misspecified - as it practically always is - logistic regression and the IPP may have substantially different asymptotic limits with large data sets. We propose ``infinitely weighted logistic regression,'' which is exactly equivalent to the IPP in finite samples. Consequently, many already-implemented methods extending logistic regression can also extend the Maxent and IPP models in directly analogous ways using this technique.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/13-AOAS667 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
title: Faith, hope and love in social work practice
Creators: name: Ravalde, Hannah
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2016

description: Raised in a Christian family, I was regularly told as a child about the importance of faith, hope and love. I had not thought about it in much depth until I recently heard a sermon about hope. It preached that wisdom can be gained from the endurance of suffering, and that the most important thing that people need in the endurance process is hope. It resonated with me because an influential part of my decision to train as a social worker came from my experiences as a Samaritan listening volunteer, whereby providing a listening ear, the aim is to offer hope when nobody else is there. On the day after this sermon I was in a lecture on Criminal Justice Social Work and it became clear to me that hope, along with faith and love, are important aspects of social work that are rarely mentioned. Here I’m going to talk about hope and love because although I think faith is important, it is more subjective, personal and difficult to define in general social work practice.
On the range of self-interacting random walks on an integer interval
Creators: name: Okamura, Kazuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K35

description: We consider the range of a one-parameter family of self-interacting walks on the integers up to the time of exit from an interval. We derive the weak convergence of an appropriately scaled range. We show that the distribution functions of the limits of the scaled range satisfy a certain class of de Rham's functional equations. We examine the regularity of the limits.
description: 13 pages. Title changed. To appear in Tsukuba J. Math
Hidden Markov models for the activity profile of terrorist groups
Creators: name: Raghavan, Vasanthan
name: Galstyan, Aram
name: Tartakovsky, Alexander G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The main focus of this work is on developing models for the activity profile of a terrorist group, detecting sudden spurts and downfalls in this profile, and, in general, tracking it over a period of time. Toward this goal, a $d$-state hidden Markov model (HMM) that captures the latent states underlying the dynamics of the group and thus its activity profile is developed. The simplest setting of $d=2$ corresponds to the case where the dynamics are coarsely quantized as Active and Inactive, respectively. A state estimation strategy that exploits the underlying HMM structure is then developed for spurt detection and tracking. This strategy is shown to track even nonpersistent changes that last only for a short duration at the cost of learning the underlying model. Case studies with real terrorism data from open-source databases are provided to illustrate the performance of the proposed methodology.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/13-AOAS682 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
On the Penrose Inequality for Charged Black Holes
Creators: name: Disconzi, Marcelo M.
name: Khuri, Marcus A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In arXiv:0905.2622v1 and arXiv:0910.4785v1, Bray and Khuri outlined an approach to prove the Penrose inequality for general initial data sets of the Einstein equations. In this paper we extend this approach so that it may be applied to a charged version of the Penrose inequality. Moreover, assuming that the initial data is time symmetric, we prove the rigidity statement in the case of equality for the charged Penrose inequality, a result which seems to be absent from the literature. A new quasi-local mass, tailored to charged initial data sets is also introduced, and used in the proof.
description: 19 pages; final version
ЎҚУВЧИЛАРДА УМУММАНТИҚИЙ ФАОЛИЯТ УСУЛЛАРИНИ ШАКЛЛАНТИРИШ МЕТОДИКАСИ ҲАҚИДА
Creators: name: Нишанбаев, А.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Олдинги тадқиқотларимизда О.Б.Епишева [1] томонидан таклиф қилинган математик тушунчаларни ўзлаштиришда ўқув фаолият усулларини шакллантириш босқичлариларга асосланган ҳолда юқори синф ўқувчиларида математика фанларини ўқитиш жараёнида умумматематик фаолият усулларини шакллантиришнинг тайёрловчи, ўргатувчи, мустаҳкамловчи ва амалий босқичлардан иборат модели ишлаб чиқилди [2].
Principal minors Pfaffian half-tree theorem
Creators: name: de Tilière, Béatrice
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 05C50, 05C05, 82B20

description: A half-tree is an edge configuration whose superimposition with a perfect matching is a tree. In this paper, we prove a half-tree theorem for the Pfaffian principal minors of a skew-symmetric matrix whose column sum is zero; introducing an explicit algorithm, we fully characterize half-trees involved. This question naturally arose in the context of statistical mechanics where we aimed at relating perfect matchings and trees on the same graph. As a consequence of the Pfaffian half-tree theorem, we obtain a refined version of the matrix-tree theorem in the case of skew-symmetric matrices, as well as a line-bundle version of this result.
description: 38 pages, 12 figures. Revised version: Appendix added
Open Science Goes Geo - Part I: Research Data
Creators: name: Bauer, Michael
name: Brase, Jan
name: Carlson, David
name: Hammitzsch, Martin
name: Hufton, Andrew
name: Klump, Jens
name: Pfeiffenberger, Hans
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Open Science
Research Data

description: Open Science is a broad movement looking beyond Open Access to publish openly and share scientific research immediately. Accessibility is addressed on all levels for everyone, without fees.

Open Science not only deals with Open Access papers but scientific research results in general, including figures, data, models, algorithms, software, tools, notebooks, laboratory designs, recipes, samples and much more. Furthermore, it covers the communication, review, and discussion of research results and considers changing needs regarding incentives, quality assessment, metrics, impact, reputation, grants and funding. Thus Open Science encompasses licensing, policy-making, infrastructures and scientific heritage while safeguarding the dynamic nature of science and its evolving forms.

However, this short course is meant not to carry too far with Open Science. Rather, it looks at what is possible nowadays and what is ready for application in geosciences. The speakers present open data solutions and introduce networks. It is aimed to create an idea on how researchers benefit from Open Science regarding research data. Both the drawbacks and opportunities of open data are outlined.

This short course is the first part of the Short Course series 'Open Science goes Geo'. Part I covers research data and its role in the scientific work. The possibilities for publishing research data leveraging Open Science in geosciences are addressed, together with related opportunities and stumbling blocks. Moreover, the ways in which networks can support scientific collaboration on shared datasets are introduced.
description: 'Open Science goes Geo - Part I: Research Data' is a Short Course held at the European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2015. The talks are available at YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLhQpA_m5ywchIaryAdWuW1cjKaONoXaAc
Die Keramik der jüngeren vorrömischen Eisen- und römischen Kaiserzeit aus Bremerhaven-Weddewarden
Creators: name: Eger, Christoph
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 76 (2007): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Mittelalterliches Fensterglas und besondere Kleinfunde vom ehemaligen Dominikanerkloster in Norden, Ostfriesland
Creators: name: Bärenfänger, Rolf
name: Brüggler, Marion
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 76 (2007): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Properties of $z\sim3-6$ Lyman Break Galaxies. II. Impact of nebular emission at high redshift
Creators: name: de Barros, S.
name: Schaerer, D.
name: Stark, D. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a homogeneous, detailed analysis of the spectral energy distribution (SED) of $\sim$ 1700 LBGs from the GOODS-MUSIC catalogue with deep multi-wavelength photometry from $U$ band to 8 $μ$m to determine stellar mass, age, dust attenuation, and star formation rate. Using our SED fitting tool, which takes into account nebular emission, we explore a wide parameter space. We also explore a set of different star formation histories. Nebular emission is found to significantly affect the determination of the physical parameters for the majority of $z \sim $ 3--6 LBGs. We identify two populations of galaxies by determining the importance of the contribution of emission lines to broadband fluxes. We find that $\sim$ $65\%$ of LBGs show detectable signs of emission lines, whereas $\sim$ $35\%$ show weak or no emission lines. This distribution is found over the entire redshift range. We interpret these groups as actively star forming and more quiescent LBGs, respectively. We find that it is necessary to considerer SED fits with very young ages ($<50$ Myr) to reproduce some colours affected by strong emission lines. Other arguments favouring episodic star formation and relatively short star formation timescales are also discussed. Considering nebular emission generally leads to a younger age, lower stellar mass, higher dust attenuation, higher star formation rate, and a large scatter in the SFR-$M_{\star}$ relation. Our analysis yields a trend of increasing specific star formation rate with redshift, as predicted by recent galaxy evolution models. The physical parameters of approximately two thirds of high redshift galaxies are significantly modified when we account for nebular emission. The SED models which include nebular emission shed new light on the properties of LBGs with numerous important implications.
description: 33 pages, 30 figures, 5 tables, extended version addressing referee comments, conclusions unchanged, accepted for publication in A&A, in press
On the category of props
Creators: name: Hackney, Philip
name: Robertson, Marcy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18D50

description: The category of (colored) props is an enhancement of the category of colored operads, and thus of the category of small categories. The titular category has nice formal properties: it is bicomplete and is a symmetric monoidal category, with monoidal product closely related to the Boardman-Vogt tensor product of operads. Tools developed in this article, which is the first part of a larger work, include a generalized version of multilinearity of functors, a free prop construction defined on certain "generalized graphs", and the relationship between the category of props and the categories of permutative categories and of operads.
Mittel- und spätpaläolithische Funde von Handeloh, Gde. Höckel, Ldkr. Harburg
Creators: name: Breest, Klaus
name: Graff, Karl-Heinz
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 76 (2007): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Open Science Goes Geo – Part Ii: Scientific Software
Creators: name: Chue Hong, Neil
name: Hammitzsch, Martin
name: Hufton, Andrew
name: Neteler, Markus
name: Pebesma, Edzer
name: van Edig, Xenia
name: Wenig, Philip
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Open Science
Scientific Software

description: Open Science is a broad movement looking beyond Open Access to publish openly and share scientific research immediately. Accessibility is addressed on all levels for everyone, without fees.

This short course is Part II in the Short Course series 'Open Science goes Geo', covering scientific software and source code. Software has become an integral part of science, and this course looks at how software publications, code archives and persistent identification can be used to properly integrate software into the scientific discourse. The treatment of source code (e.g., in code design, version control, documentation, and testing) is also covered in the context of establishing software engineering rules, best practices and processes when working with software and code in geosciences.

Open Science not only deals with Open Access papers but scientific research results in general including figures, data, models, algorithms, software, tools, notebooks, laboratory designs, recipes, samples and much more. Furthermore, it covers the communication, review, and discussion of research results and considers changing needs regarding incentives, quality assessment, metrics, impact, reputation, grants and funding. Thus Open Science encompasses licensing, policy-making, infrastructures and scientific heritage while safeguarding the dynamic nature of science and its evolving forms.

However, this short course is meant not to carry too far with Open Science. Rather, the short course looks at what open software opportunities are available and ready for application in geosciences today. The speakers present scientific software solutions and cover the ways in which software and code related networks can support researchers. It is aimed to create an idea on how researchers benefit from Open Science regarding scientific software. The drawbacks and opportunities are also outlined.
description: 'Open Science goes Geo – Part II: Scientific Software' is a Short Course held at the European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2015. The talks are available at YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLhQpA_m5ywcjVbuNBPXFMnDm-Wu-9NjSU
Open Science Goes Geo - Part Iii: Beyond Data And Software
Creators: name: Hammitzsch, Martin
name: Herwig, Chris
name: Kerschke, Dorit
name: Klar, Jochen
name: Klump, Jens
name: Lehnert, Kerstin
name: Sander, Rolf
name: Wächter, Joachim
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Open Science
Research Infrastructures
e-Infrastructures
eScience

description: Open Science is a broad movement looking beyond Open Access to publish openly and share scientific research immediately. Accessibility is addressed on all levels for everyone, without fees.

This short course forms Part III in the Short Course series 'Open Science goes Geo'. Part III covers various forms of research results including algorithms, numerical models, geo-samples, virtual workspaces, and further aspects of Open Science such as metrics, persistent identifiers, and unambiguous linking of research results to scientists.

Open Science not only deals with Open Access papers but scientific research results in general including figures, data, models, algorithms, software, tools, notebooks, laboratory designs, recipes, samples and much more. Furthermore, it covers the communication, review, and discussion of research results and considers changing needs regarding incentives, quality assessment, metrics, impact, reputation, grants and funding. Thus Open Science encompasses licensing, policy-making, infrastructures and scientific heritage while safeguarding the dynamic nature of science and its evolving forms.

However, this short course is meant not to carry too far with Open Science. Rather, the short course looks at what innovative ways to collaborate and share research are possible nowadays and how they can be applied to the geosciences. The speakers present Open Science solutions and introduce networks. It is aimed to show how researchers can benefit from Open Science in various flavors, acknowledging the drawbacks and highlighting the opportunities available for geoscientists.
description: 'Open Science goes Geo - Part III: Beyond Data and Software' is a Short Course held at the European Geosciences Union General Assembly 2015. The talks are available at YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLhQpA_m5ywcgtFBvX6Ua5HFmpe0EfQixG
Reordering Rows for Better Compression: Beyond the Lexicographic Order
Creators: name: Lemire, Daniel
name: Kaser, Owen
name: Gutarra, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.4.0

description: Sorting database tables before compressing them improves the compression rate. Can we do better than the lexicographical order? For minimizing the number of runs in a run-length encoding compression scheme, the best approaches to row-ordering are derived from traveling salesman heuristics, although there is a significant trade-off between running time and compression. A new heuristic, Multiple Lists, which is a variant on Nearest Neighbor that trades off compression for a major running-time speedup, is a good option for very large tables. However, for some compression schemes, it is more important to generate long runs rather than few runs. For this case, another novel heuristic, Vortex, is promising. We find that we can improve run-length encoding up to a factor of 3 whereas we can improve prefix coding by up to 80%: these gains are on top of the gains due to lexicographically sorting the table. We prove that the new row reordering is optimal (within 10%) at minimizing the runs of identical values within columns, in a few cases.
description: to appear in ACM TODS
A New Approach To Closed-Circuit Rebreather Gas Monitoring: Why Two Oxygen Sensors Can Be Better Than Three
Creators: name: Pyle, Richard L.
name: Stone, William C.
name: Jones, Nigel
name: Brandt, Jonas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: rebreather
oxygen sensor
validation
diving
life support
closed circuit

description: A technical description of the oxygen active sensor validation (ASV) system used in closed-circuit rebreathers developed by Poseidon Diving Systems and Stone Aerospace.
Recovering Entanglement by Local Operations
Creators: name: D'Arrigo, A.
name: Franco, R. Lo
name: Benenti, G.
name: Paladino, E.
name: Falci, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the phenomenon of bipartite entanglement revivals under purely local operations in systems subject to local and independent classical noise sources. We explain this apparent paradox in the physical ensemble description of the system state by introducing the concept of "hidden" entanglement, which indicates the amount of entanglement that cannot be exploited due to the lack of classical information on the system. For this reason this part of entanglement can be recovered without the action of non-local operations or back-transfer process. For two noninteracting qubits under a low-frequency stochastic noise, we show that entanglement can be recovered by local pulses only. We also discuss how hidden entanglement may provide new insights about entanglement revivals in non-Markovian dynamics.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures
Dynamics on Modular Networks with Heterogeneous Correlations
Creators: name: Melnik, Sergey
name: Porter, Mason A.
name: Mucha, Peter J.
name: Gleeson, James P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We develop a new ensemble of modular random graphs in which degree-degree correlations can be different in each module and the inter-module connections are defined by the joint degree-degree distribution of nodes for each pair of modules. We present an analytical approach that allows one to analyze several types of binary dynamics operating on such networks, and we illustrate our approach using bond percolation, site percolation, and the Watts threshold model. The new network ensemble generalizes existing models (e.g., the well-known configuration model and LFR networks) by allowing a heterogeneous distribution of degree-degree correlations across modules, which is important for the consideration of nonidentical interacting networks.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures
Talk_Slides: Talk Slides From Python In Astronomy 2015, V1.0
Creators: name: Barmby, Pauline
name: Moss, Vanessa
name: Dencheva, Nadia
name: Crawford, Steve
name: Smethurst, Becky
name: Greenfield, Perry
name: Emillie Ishida
name: Kerzendorf, Wolfgang
name: Terrón, Víctor
name: Craig, Matt
name: Servillat, Mathieu
name: Barbary, Kyle
name: Martin-Carrillo, Antonio
name: Tollerud, Erik
name: Smith, Britton
name: Zuntz, Joe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015

description: Initial release.
EKMA SEDANA O'SIMLIGINING DORIVORLIK XUSUSIYATLARI
Creators: name: Egamova, G.O.
name: Isomov, E.E.
name: Djumayeva, G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Sedana o'zbek pazandachiligida ham qo'llaniladi, uni non ustiga sepiladi. Non, somsa va boshqa pishiriqlarga sepiladi. Bundan tashqari sedana ziravor sifatida ham ishlatiladi. Bodring, karam, tarvuzlarni tuzlashda undan foydalanish mumkin.
Constructing reparametrization invariant metrics on spaces of plane curves
Creators: name: Bauer, Martin
name: Bruveris, Martins
name: Marsland, Stephen
name: Michor, Peter W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58B20, 58D15, 65D18

description: Metrics on shape space are used to describe deformations that take one shape to another, and to determine a distance between them. We study a family of metrics on the space of curves, that includes several recently proposed metrics, for which the metrics are characterised by mappings into vector spaces where geodesics can be easily computed. This family consists of Sobolev-type Riemannian metrics of order one on the space $\text{Imm}(S^1,\mathbb R^2)$ of parametrized plane curves and the quotient space $\text{Imm}(S^1,\mathbb R^2)/\text{Diff}(S^1)$ of unparametrized curves. For the space of open parametrized curves we find an explicit formula for the geodesic distance and show that the sectional curvatures vanish on the space of parametrized and are non-negative on the space of unparametrized open curves. For the metric, which is induced by the "R-transform", we provide a numerical algorithm that computes geodesics between unparameterised, closed curves, making use of a constrained formulation that is implemented numerically using the RATTLE algorithm. We illustrate the algorithm with some numerical tests that demonstrate it's efficiency and robustness.
description: 27 pages, 4 figures. Extended version
Visualization Of Vertical Cross-Wind Oxygen Concentration Fields At The Air-Water Interface
Creators: name: Friedl, Felix
name: Arnold, Niklas
name: Jähne, Bernd
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: mass boundary layer
laser-induced fluorescence
LIF
dissolved oxygen

description: This work presents a novel laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) technique to visualize two-dimensional water-sided oxygen concentration fields in cross-wind direction measured in a linear wind-wave facility in order to study the cross-wind spatial structures of the concentration field, which might be influenced by micro Langmuir circulation or other coherent turbulent structures. The oxygen quenching technique was applied to visualize oxygen concentrations in water. The technique takes advantage of the fact that the photon flux, emitted by a fluorophore, which is solved in the water, decreases in the presence of oxygen molecules. The relation between the oxygen concentration and the photon flux is described by the modified Stern-Volmer equation for high laser irradiance.
On connective KO-theory of elementary abelian 2-groups
Creators: name: Powell, Geoffrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 19L41, 20J06

description: A general notion of detection is introduced and used in the study of the cohomology of elementary abelian 2-groups with respect to the spectra in the Postnikov tower of orthogonal K-theory. This recovers and extends results of Bruner and Greenlees and is related to calculations of the (co)homology of the spaces of the associated Omega-spectra by Stong and by Cowen Morton.
Flow Field And Momentum Balance In The Heidelberg Aeolotron, A Large Annular Wind/Wave Facility
Creators: name: Bopp, Max
name: Jähne, Bernd
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: wind/wave facility
wind stress
flow field
friction velocity
secondary flow

description: The Heidelberg Aeolotron is an annular wind/wave facility with 10m diameter. One of the main advantages in contrast to a linear facility is the nearly infinite fetch. The conditions on the water

surface, and so the gas transfer are more similar to conditions at the open ocean. The wind field in the Aeolotron was investigated with a pitot tube mounted on a translation stage. The radial wind speed was measured for a complete cross section at ten positions. To measure near the water surface surfactants were added to dampen the wave field.

Because of the inhomogeneous wind field and secondary currents due to the annular geometry the friction velocity u* cannot be determined by the logarithmic wind profile. But as an

advantage of the annular geometry the momentum balance in water can be used to get u*. Using the increase of the water velocity after turning on the wind, the friction at the walls and u* can be determined. An acoustic velocity sensor was used during a large number of experiments to quantify the friction at the walls. We found a dependence on the mean water velocity and on wave motion, which we parametrized. Together with the velocity in equilibrium, the wind induced friction velocity was determined for a large range of wind speeds up to 10m/s.

Additional experiments with two concentrations of the surfactant Triton X-100 show the influence of different wave fields on the friction velocity.

The annular geometry generates secondary currents in water, too. This could be quantified at the Aeolotron by measuring the 3D water velocity in a cross section. The cross wind velocity

components account for up to 10% of the mean flow at medium wind speeds.
Constraining anomalous Higgs interactions
Creators: name: Corbett, Tyler
name: Eboli, O. J. P.
name: Gonzalez-Fraile, J.
name: Gonzalez-Garcia, M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently announced Higgs discovery marks the dawn of the direct probing of the electroweak symmetry breaking sector. Sorting out the dynamics responsible for electroweak symmetry breaking now requires probing the Higgs interactions and searching for additional states connected to this sector. In this work we analyze the constraints on Higgs couplings to the standard model gauge bosons using the available data from Tevatron and LHC. We work in a model--independent framework expressing the departure of the Higgs couplings to gauge bosons by dimension--six operators. This allows for independent modifications of its couplings to gluons, photons and weak gauge bosons while still preserving the Standard Model (SM) gauge invariance. Our results indicate that best overall agreement with data is obtained if the cross section of Higgs production via gluon fusion is suppressed with respect to its SM value and the Higgs branching ratio into two photons is enhanced, while keeping the production and decays associated to couplings to weak gauge bosons close to their SM prediction.
description: v3: Added acknowledgment to FP7 ITN INVISIBLES (Marie Curie Actions PITN-GA-2011-289442). Nothing else changed with respect to v2
Every countable model of set theory embeds into its own constructible universe
Creators: name: Hamkins, Joel David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03Exx, 03C62, 03Hxx,

description: The main theorem of this article is that every countable model of set theory M, including every well-founded model, is isomorphic to a submodel of its own constructible universe. In other words, there is an embedding $j:M\to L^M$ that is elementary for quantifier-free assertions. The proof uses universal digraph combinatorics, including an acyclic version of the countable random digraph, which I call the countable random Q-graded digraph, and higher analogues arising as uncountable Fraisse limits, leading to the hypnagogic digraph, a set-homogeneous, class-universal, surreal-numbers-graded acyclic class digraph, closely connected with the surreal numbers. The proof shows that $L^M$ contains a submodel that is a universal acyclic digraph of rank $Ord^M$. The method of proof also establishes that the countable models of set theory are linearly pre-ordered by embeddability: for any two countable models of set theory, one of them is isomorphic to a submodel of the other. Indeed, they are pre-well-ordered by embedability in order-type exactly $ω_1+1$. Specifically, the countable well-founded models are ordered by embeddability in accordance with the heights of their ordinals; every shorter model embeds into every taller model; every model of set theory $M$ is universal for all countable well-founded binary relations of rank at most $Ord^M$; and every ill-founded model of set theory is universal for all countable acyclic binary relations. Finally, strengthening a classical theorem of Ressayre, the same proof method shows that if $M$ is any nonstandard model of PA, then every countable model of set theory---in particular, every model of ZFC---is isomorphic to a submodel of the hereditarily finite sets $HF^M$ of $M$. Indeed, $HF^M$ is universal for all countable acyclic binary relations.
description: 25 pages, 2 figures. Questions and commentary can be made at http://jdh.hamkins.org/every-model-embeds-into-own-constructible-universe. (v2 adds a reference and makes minor corrections) (v3 includes further changes, and removes the previous theorem 15, which was incorrect.)
ARTISHOK (CYNARA SCOLYMUS L.) NAVLARNING TURLI TUPROQ SHAROITLARIDAGI MAKRO ВА MIKROELEMENTLAR TARKIBI
Creators: name: Isomov, E.E.
name: Djumayeva, G.
name: Qurasheva, Sh.N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Artishokning yer ustki qismida protein, yog', kletchatka, kul, qand, karatin, inulin hamda mis, rux, temir, marganes va boshqa elementlar yetarli miqdorda uchraydi. Har qanday yangi yem-xashak o'simligini izlash va introduksiyalash uchun avvalo, uning ozuqalik xususiyatiga batafsil baho berish kerak. Buning uchun esa, dastlab bu o'simlik ho'l vaznining kimyoviy tarkibini o'rganish, organik moddalar ozuqaliligi, uning hazm bo'lishi shuningdek senaj, silos tayyorlash imkoniyatlari hisobga olinadi. Bozor iqtisodiyoti sharoitida Respublikamiz iqtisodini taraqqiy ettirishning eng muhim omillaridan biri bu, chorva mollari sonini ko'paytirish, mahsuldorligini oshirish bo'lib, bu borada katta ishlar qilinmoqda. Bu ayniqsa, sut, go'sht yetishtirishga ixtisoslashgan shirkat va fermer xo'jaliklarining tashkil etilishida namoyon bo'lmoqda.
Equilibrium models of relativistic stars with a toroidal magnetic field
Creators: name: Frieben, Joachim
name: Rezzolla, Luciano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have computed models of rotating relativistic stars with a toroidal magnetic field and investigated the combined effects of magnetic field and rotation on the apparent shape (i.e. the surface deformation), which could be relevant for the electromagnetic emission, and on the internal matter distribution (i.e. the quadrupole distortion), which could be relevant for the emission of gravitational waves. Using a sample of eight different cold nuclear physics equations of state, we have computed models of maximum field strength, as well as the distortion coefficients for the surface and the quadrupolar deformations. Surprisingly, we find that non-rotating models admit arbitrary levels of magnetization, accompanied by a growth of size and quadrupole distortion to which we could not find a limit. Rotating models, on the other hand, are subject to a mass-shedding limit at frequencies well below the corresponding ones for unmagnetized stars. Overall, the space of solutions can be split into three distinct classes for which the surface deformation and the quadrupole distortion are either prolate and prolate, oblate and prolate, or oblate and oblate, respectively. We also derive a simple formula expressing the relativistic distortion coefficients, which allows one to compute the surface deformation and the quadrupole distortion up to significant levels of rotation and magnetization, essentially covering all known magnetars. Such a formula replaces Newtonian equivalent expressions that overestimate the magnetic quadrupole distortion by about a factor of 6 and are inadequate for strongly relativistic objects like neutron stars.
description: Published version with additional correction of remaining typos
Exploring Air-Sea Gas Transfer By Active Thermography
Creators: name: Kunz, Jakob
name: Krall, Kerstin
name: Jähne, Bernd
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: air-sea gas transfer
heat transfer
thermography
SOPRAN

description: Active thermography has been used for almost 30 years to explore air-sea gas transfer both in laboratory and field experiments. In the early 2000s, some doubt arose

whether it was possible to extrapolate heat transfer velocities to gas transfer velocities. Because of the large difference in the molecular diffusivity, different mechanisms may govern the transfer of heat and mass. However, in a recent experimental study at the large annular wind-wave tank in Heidelberg, the Aeolotron, Nagel et al. [2014] could show that heat

transfer velocities can be scaled to gas transfer velocities with an accuracy of better than 10%, provided the Schmidt number exponent is known. These measurements were performed using

the original active thermographic technique proposed by Jähne et al. [1989], by heating a rather large area at the water surface of up to one square meter. This is required to ensure that water

parcels stay longer in the heated patch than the response time of heat transfer across the boundary layer.

The setup used by Nagel et al. [2014] still had one disadvantage. The heated patch showed some inhomogeneity in cross-wind direction, caused by the method to expand the beam of the CO2 laser. By using a holographic beam expander, a

much more homogeneous irradiation could be achieved. With this improvement it was possible to acquire significantly more accurate heat transfer measurements.

In November 2014 this technique was used in air-sea gas exchange measurements using natural seawater from the North Atlantic with various degrees of contamination by natural surface films at the Heidelberg Aeolotron, within the BMBF project SOPRAN (Surface Ocean Processes in the Anthropocene). First results from this experiment will be shown.
URUG' YIRIKLIGININING NO'XAT NAVLARIDA HOSILDORLIGIGA TA'SIRI
Creators: name: Mustanova, Zarnigor
name: Mustanov, Sobir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: No'xat urug'larining yirikligi va ekish davri uning hosildorligiga kata ta'sir o'tkazadi. No'xat urug'larining yirikligi hosilning yuqori miqdorda bo'lishi va o'sish rivojlanishida muhum ahamiyat kasb etadi.
Experimental Studies Of The Parameters Controlling Bubble-Induced Air-Sea Gas Exchange
Creators: name: Mischler, Wolfgang
name: Krall, Kerstin
name: Jähne, Bernd
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: air-sea gas exchange
bubbles

description: An experimental study for the investigation of bubble-mediated gas exchange in a dedicated bubble tank is presented. Bubbles were generated by a water jet with adjustable kinetic energy, which entrained a controllable gas volume flux into the water tank. Bubble size distributions in a radius range from 10 μm to 5000 μm and velocity distributions in a range from 70 μm to 3000 μm were measured at 60 positions in the tank by a telecentric optical setup.

Trace gas concentrations were measured using a quadrupole mass spectrometer with a silicone membrane inlet in the water phase of a gas tight bubble tank. Fourteen trace gases with a wide range of solubilities and diffusivities - SF6, Ne, N2 ,HD, D2, O2, Kr, Pentafluoroethane, Xe, N2O, C2H2 , CH3Cl, Benzene and DMS - were used to investigate the dependency on these two physico-chemical parameters. Evasion experiments with a variety of conditions were conducted, including salt water (1.75 % NaCl), the addition of the soluble surfactant Triton X- 100, n-butanol and glycerol. All used additives tend to increase the fraction of small bubbles generated and therefore increase the transfer velocity at constant gas volume flux and energy

input. The addition of salt had the strongest effect, leading to an enhancement of the transfer velocity up to a factor of ~4. The increase of the transfer velocity adding Triton X-100 was found

to be lower than 5 %. The transition between diffusivity controlled and solubility controlled transfer occurs at solubilities ranging from 0.05-0.44. The transition is shifted to lower solubilities by a factor of ~3 by the addition of salt. Existing models for bubble mediated gas transfer are tested. Simple power law dependencies turn out to be incapable to describe the transfer for the whole range of solubilities and diffusivities. An extension of the parameterization proposed by Woolf et al. (2007) requiring 4 parameters fits the data best. A simple model using only 2 parameters is proposed. Its performance is almost as good as the extended Woolf model.
Left Recursion in Parsing Expression Grammars
Creators: name: Medeiros, Sérgio
name: Mascarenhas, Fabio
name: Ierusalimschy, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Parsing Expression Grammars (PEGs) are a formalism that can describe all deterministic context-free languages through a set of rules that specify a top-down parser for some language. PEGs are easy to use, and there are efficient implementations of PEG libraries in several programming languages. A frequently missed feature of PEGs is left recursion, which is commonly used in Context-Free Grammars (CFGs) to encode left-associative operations. We present a simple conservative extension to the semantics of PEGs that gives useful meaning to direct and indirect left-recursive rules, and show that our extensions make it easy to express left-recursive idioms from CFGs in PEGs, with similar results. We prove the conservativeness of these extensions, and also prove that they work with any left-recursive PEG. PEGs can also be compiled to programs in a low-level parsing machine. We present an extension to the semantics of the operations of this parsing machine that let it interpret left-recursive PEGs, and prove that this extension is correct with regards to our semantics for left-recursive PEGs.
description: Extended version of the paper "Left Recursion in Parsing Expression Grammars", that was published on 2012 Brazilian Symposium on Programming Languages
Towards 4D Visualization Of Air-Water Gas Transfer
Creators: name: Trofimova, Darya
name: Kräuter, Christine
name: Jähne, Bernd
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: air-sea gas transfer
mass boundary layer
visualization
fluorescence

description: Therefore a new modified LIF technique has been developed for the visualization of simplified turbulence structures of the aqueous mass boundary layer. The technique is based on a system of chemical reactions to feature binary concentration fields. With penetrating through air-water interface, an alkaline tracer gas (in current studies - ammonia) changes a temporal equilibrium of chemical species in the water that defines local [H+] concentration. A shift in [H+] concentration, consequently a shift in pH value can be captured with high resolution imaging by the use of fluorescent pH indicator Pyranine (8-hydroxy-1,3,6-trisulfonated pyrene). More importantly, logarithmic dependence of the pH value on [H+] concentration provides a rapid increase of pH value that insures sharp change in fluorescent component of Pyranine, hence proximate binary fluorescent field.

This contribution reports two pieces of work. Firstly test experiments were performed at the small Benjamin linear wind-wave tunnel in order to verify the technique and to set it up in an optimum way. Secondly, an approach is introduced to reconstruct 3D- image sequences in order to fully capture the spatio-temporal turbulent structures in the mass boundary layer. In the Benjamin facility a vertical laser beam at 445 nm was focused to excite Pyranine fluorescence. To capture one dimensional profiles with a high resolution of 4.4 μm, tilted sided-placed Basler ace acA2500-14gm cameras with 2.2 μm pixel size were operated in 320 Hz mode.

Experimental 1D concentration profiles at different conditions were analyzed with defining the range of ammonia and Pyranine concentrations as well as initial conditions to maintain in order to gain binary concentration fields. At the different wind speed the experimental profiles were evaluated to estimate the thickness of the mass boundary layer and to detect boundary layer detachments (surface renewal events). The profiles were also compared to simulation profiles for different gas exchange models to verify the case of simplified binary fields and to understand the behavior of fluorescence within the mass boundary layer.

Secondly, a trinocular setup was tested for high-resolution 3D-reconstruction of sequences of boundary layer images at the large annular Aeolotron wind-wave facility in Heidelberg. In contrast to the setup of [Kräuter et al., 2014] three low noise CMOS cameras were placed underneath the facility. An example of captured images from cameras placed 25 cm apart from each other is presented in Fig. 2. The next step of presented work will be the reconstruction of captured 2D-projections to 3D space.