cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Systematic Study of High-pT Direct Photon Production with the PHENIX Experiment at RHIC
Creators: name: Isobe, Tadaaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When studying the initial state and evolution of the matter created in relativistic heavy ion collisions, high-pT direct photons are a powerful probe. They are created in initial hard processes and in parton fragmentation, and possibly in interactions of partons with the hot and dense medium. We present systematic measurements of high-pT direct photon production in \sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200 GeV p+p and Au+Au collisions. The nuclear modification factor of direct photons is shown for 5 < pT < 18 GeV/c, and at very high transverse momenta it seems to be below unity in the most central Au+Au collisions.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures. Invited parallel talk at The 19th International Conference On Ultra relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 2006), Shanghai China, Nov. 14-20, 2006
Swapping trajectories: a new wall-induced cross-streamline particle migration mechanism in a dilute suspension of spheres
Creators: name: Zurita-Gotor, M.
name: Blawzdziewicz, J.
name: Wajnryb, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Binary encounters between spherical particles in shear flow are studied for a system bounded by a single planar wall or two parallel planar walls under creeping flow conditions. We show that wall proximity gives rise to a new class of binary trajectories resulting in cross-streamline migration of the particles. The spheres on these new trajectories do not pass each other (as they would in free space) but instead they swap their cross-streamline positions. To determine the significance of the wall-induced particle migration, we have evaluated the hydrodynamic self-diffusion coefficient associated with a sequence of uncorrelated particle displacements due to binary particle encounters. The results of our calculations quantitatively agree with the experimental value obtained by \cite{Zarraga-Leighton:2002} for the self-diffusivity in a dilute suspension of spheres undergoing shear flow in a Couette device. We thus show that the wall-induced cross-streamline particle migration is the source of the anomalously large self-diffusivity revealed by their experiments.
description: submited to JFM
Open Data in Materials Science
Creators: name: Pryce, Stephen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials engineering
subject: FOS: Materials engineering
subject: open data
subject: open publication of research
subject: UKRI
subject: RDMP

description: This presentation outlines the objectives, benefits and methods for open publication of data in materials research.

For further information, contact Stephen.Pryce@Manchester.ac.uk
On the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian description of the damped linear harmonic oscillator
Creators: name: Chandrasekar, V. K.
name: Senthilvelan, M.
name: Lakshmanan, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the modified Prelle- Singer approach, we point out that explicit time independent first integrals can be identified for the damped linear harmonic oscillator in different parameter regimes. Using these constants of motion, an appropriate Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formalism is developed and the resultant canonical equations are shown to lead to the standard dynamical description. Suitable canonical transformations to standard Hamiltonian forms are also obtained. It is also shown that a possible quantum mechanical description can be developed either in the coordinate or momentum representations using the Hamiltonian forms.
description: 19 pages
Συγκριτική αξιολόγηση δύο λύσεων αντισεισμικού σχεδιασμού μεγάλης σιδηροδρομικής γέφυρας. Ακρόβαθρα ανασχετήρες αντί αντισεισμικής μόνωσης:
Creators: name: Σκορδέλη, Μιλτώ Αστερίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2012
Subjects: Γέφυρα
Μονολιθικά Bάθρα
Εφέδρανα
Bridge
Integral Pier
Abutment

description: Στα πλαίσια της παρούσας εργασίας προτείνεται μια προσαρμογή, η οποία αφορά κυρίως τα άκρα των γεφυρών, δια της οποίας επιδιώκεται η παρεμπόδιση των διαμήκων σεισμικών μετακινήσεων του καταστρώματος των γεφυρών με ταυτόχρονη δυνατότητα αποφυγής των λειτουργικών, εκ των καταναγκασμών, επιπτώσεων. Ειδικότερα, η καινοτομία αφορά τον σχεδιασμό του ακροβάθρου, του οποίου ο τοιχοειδής κορμός συνδέεται μονολιθικώς με τον φορέα του καταστρώματος, ενώ η συγκράτηση του μεταβατικού επιχώματος επιτυγχάνεται μέσω λεπτότερου τοιχώματος που δεν συνδέεται με την γέφυρα και λειτουργεί ως τοίχος αντιστήριξης. Ως πλεονεκτήματα αναφέρονται: (α) Η δυνατότητα ανάληψης ροπής στηρίξεως από το σύνθετο ακρόβαθρο. (β) Η μέσω της ενεργοποίησης του τοιχοειδούς κορμού εδράσεως της γέφυρας, ο οποίος αναχαιτίζει μεγάλο ποσοστό των αδρανειακών δράσεων του σεισμού, επίτευξη της ανακούφισης των μεσοβάθρων, οπότε είναι δυνατόν αυτά να κατασκευαστούν αφενός μεν οικονομικά και αφετέρου αισθητικότερα, ιδίως σε γέφυρες μεγάλου ύψους. Ενδεικτικώς παρατίθεται παράδειγμα σιδηροδρομικής γέφυρας μεγάλου μήκους και η οποία αντιμετωπίστηκε συμβατικώς με σύστημα σεισμικής μόνωσης και εναλλακτικώς με την προτεινόμενη μέθοδο. Τα αποτελέσματα κρίνονται ενδιαφέρουσα και καθιστούν την κατανόηση της προσαρμογής ανετότερη.
description: The present study suggests an adjustment, concerning mainly the end-parts of the bridge, aiming at the obstruction of the longitudinal seismic deformations of the deck and at the same time being able to avoid the in-service repercussions due to restraints. The innovation concerns the design of the abutment, which web is rigidly connected to the deck of the bridge, while the restrain of the approach embankment is obtained by the existence of a thinner wall, not connected with the deck, acting like a restraining wall. This proposal is an alternative solution against the conventional seismic isolation, with advantages not only in the economical aspect but also in the durability of the mechanism of seismic containment, which has a life-expectancy similar to the bridge’s. Indicatively, a case of a long railway bridge is cited. In the existing bridge, a solution of conventional seismic isolation has been applied. In this study is attempted the implementation of the above mentioned mechanism. The results are considered interesting and make the adjustment easier to understand.
Χρήση συστημάτων μουσικής τεχνολογίας και επεξεργασίας ήχου στα μαθήματα μουσικής τεχνολογίας στην Δευτεροβάθμια εκπαίδευση:
Creators: name: Καραμανίδης, Χαράλαμπος Νικολάου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2012
Subjects: Μουσική Τεχνολογία
Επεξεργασία Ήχου
Δευτεροβάθμια Εκπαίδευση
Music Technology
Signal Processing
Secondary Education

description: Η συγκεκριμένη διατριβή πραγματεύεται την σύγκλιση της μουσικής και της τεχνολογίας στην μουσική εκπαίδευση στο γυμνάσιο και λύκειο τόσο των σχολείων μέσης εκπαίδευσης, όσο και στα μουσικά σχολεία της χώρας(δευτεροβάθμια εκπαίδευση). Πως δηλαδή μπορεί ο καθηγητής - εκπαιδευτικός να παρέχει στους μαθητές του πλήθος πληροφοριών, οπτικά βοηθήματα και εργαλεία έτσι ώστε να γίνεται η μάθηση βαθύτερη και όχι επιδερμική εμπειρία. Γίνεται μελέτη σχεδιασμού μιας εκπαιδευτικής πολυμεσικής εφαρμογής, βασισμένη στις σύγχρονες θεωρίες μάθησης με σκοπό τη διευκόλυνση της εκπαιδευτικής διαδικασίας, με επιδίωξη την ταυτόχρονη αύξηση της μαθησιακής απόδοσης και της μεταφοράς όσο το δυνατόν μεγαλύτερου γνωστικού περιεχομένου, χρησιμοποιώντας μια διεπαφή βασισμένη στο χρήστη, παρουσιάζοντας την πληροφορία με όλους τους δυνατούς και χρήσιμους τρόπους (κείμενο, αφήγηση, φωτογραφίες, βίντεο, ακροάσεις, κ.λπ.). Η συνεισφορά του συνίσταται στην ανάπτυξη νέων μεθόδων διδασκαλίας, προσανατολισμένης στις ανάγκες του μαθητή, ενισχύοντας τις αποδεκτές μορφές εκπαίδευσης και συνεισφέροντας στο έργο του διδάσκοντος. Τέλος γίνεται μία παρουσίαση χαρακτηριστικών μουσικών προγραμμάτων μουσικής σημειογραφίας, επερξεργασίας σήματος και μουσικής παραγωγής ως απαραίτητα εργαλεία στα χέρια κάθε μουσικού.
description: The present dissertation constitutes an effort to approach, process of planning, growth and more generally creation of educational multimedia applications, that concerns in the course of music and the course of music technology in secondary education (music schools). Moreover, the multimedia and specifically the "digital multimedia" allow us to approach a subject from a lot of aspects and perspectives such as music technology field, digital sound and picture, video, graphic, Midi, the role of professor is a subject to change and the process of learning should it is faced with an overall way. The musical education at school needs to become more interactive and mainly it gives to the students the stimulus for essential pastime with musical education and training.
Nanoscale neural network using non-linear spin-wave interference
Creators: name: Papp, Adam
name: Porod, Wolfgang
name: Csaba, Gyorgy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the design of a neural network, where all neuromorphic computing functions, including signal routing and nonlinear activation are performed by spin-wave propagation and interference. Weights and interconnections of the network are realized by a magnetic field pattern that is applied on the spin-wave propagating substrate and scatters the spin waves. The interference of the scattered waves creates a mapping between the wave sources and detectors. Training the neural network is equivalent to finding the field pattern that realizes the desired input-output mapping. A custom-built micromagnetic solver, based on the Pytorch machine learning framework, is used to inverse-design the scatterer. We show that the behavior of spin waves transitions from linear to nonlinear interference at high intensities and that its computational power greatly increases in the nonlinear regime. We envision small-scale, compact and low-power neural networks that perform their entire function in the spin-wave domain.
New Members in the $0^+$ ($0^{++})$ Family
Creators: name: He, Xiao-Gang
name: Li, Xue-Qian
name: Liu, Xiang
name: Zeng, Xiao-Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent BES data on $J/ψ\to ϕππ$ indicate that there is a possible new spin-0 state ($f_0(1790)$) with a mass of $m=1790^{+40}_{-30} \mathrm{MeV}/\mathrm{c}^2$. Assuming it to be an iso-singlet $0^+(0^{++})$, we propose a new mixing scheme to describe this and the other three known iso-singlet $f_0(1370)$, $f_0(1500)$, $f_0(1710)$ states by adding iso-singlet hybrid states to the usual basis of two iso-singlet quarkonia and one glueball. Since there are two iso-singlet hybrid states, $(u\bar u+d\bar d)g/\sqrt 2$ and $s\bar sg$, this new basis implies existence of another iso-singlet state $X$. Using known data, we estimate the ranges of the mixing parameters. We find two sets of solutions with X mass predicted to be about 1820 MeV and 1760 MeV, respectively. We also study implications on the decay properties of these new states.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure, 3 tables. More reference added and text re-arranged
Αξιολόγηση Συστημάτων Δημοσίων Συγκοινωνιών Ανταποκρινόμενων στη Ζήτηση:
Creators: name: Φλέσσα, Βασιλική-Βασιλεία Ευάγγελου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2012
Subjects: Αξιολόγηση
Δείκτες
Ανταποκρινόμενα στη Ζήτηση
Evaluation
Indicators
Demand Responsive

description: Τα Συστήματα Δημόσιων Συγκοινωνιών Ανταποκρινόμενων στη Ζήτηση (Demand Responsive Transport Systems) αποτελούν μια νέα μορφή παροχής Ευέλικτων Μεταφορικών Υπηρεσιών και είναι αρκετά διαδεδομένα σε πολλές ευρωπαϊκές χώρες και τις Η.Π.Α. Αυτές οι μεταφορικές υπηρεσίες είναι ευέλικτες από άποψη δρομολογίων, οχημάτων, μεθόδων πληρωμών και κρατήσεων και κατηγοριών επιβατών. Η παρεχόμενη υπηρεσία βρίσκεται στο ενδιάμεσο της εξυπηρέτησης που προσφέρει το ταξί και της υπηρεσίας που προσφέρουν τα λεωφορεία που κινούνται σε προκαθορισμένα δρομολόγια. Το ολοένα αυξανόμενο ενδιαφέρον για τα συστήματα αυτά τα τελευταία χρόνια καθιστά την αξιολόγηση των συστημάτων DRT απαραίτητη, ενώ παράλληλα υπάρχει η απαίτηση για συνεχώς βελτιούμενες επιδόσεις, εξαιτίας αφενός της διαρκούς αύξησης της ζήτησης για τέτοιου είδους υπηρεσίες και αφετέρου των οικονομικών περιορισμών που υπάρχουν λόγω της υπάρχουσας οικονομικής συγκυρίας. Στην παρούσα Διπλωματική Εργασία περιγράφονται τα Συστήματα Δημόσιων Συγκοινωνιών Ανταποκρινόμενων στη Ζήτηση, αναλύονται οι τρόποι και οι δείκτες αξιολόγησής τους και περιγράφονται ορισμένες χαρακτηριστικές περιπτώσεις συστημάτων DRT (case studies) με έμφαση στην αξιολόγηση της αποδοτικότητάς τους.
description: Demand Responsive Transport Systems (DRT systems) represent a new form of provision of Flexible Transport Services and they are quite common in many European countries and the U.S. These transport services are flexible in terms of routes, vehicles, types of payment and reservation and passenger categories. The service provided is in between the service offered by the taxi and the service offered by conventional buses which run on fixed routes. The growing interest in these systems in recent years makes the evaluation of DRT systems needed while there is a demand for ever improving performance, due to both the continuing growth in demand for such services, and financial constraints that exist because of existing economic times. This Master Dissertation describes Demand Responsive Transport Systems, analyses the methods and the indicators, which are used for their evaluation and describes some typical case studies of DRT systems with emphasis on evaluation of their efficiency.
Ghosts of NEID's Past
Creators: name: Kanodia, Shubham
name: Ninan, Joe P.
name: Monson, Andrew J.
name: Mahadevan, Suvrath
name: Nitroy, Colin
name: Schwab, Christian
name: Halverson, Samuel
name: Bender, Chad F.
name: Terrien, Ryan
name: Hearty, Frederick R.
name: Lubar, Emily
name: McElwain, Michael W.
name: Ramsey, Lawrence. W.
name: Robertson, Paul M.
name: Roy, Arpita
name: Stefansson, Gudmundur
name: Stevens, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The NEID spectrograph is a R $\sim$ 120,000 resolution fiber-fed and highly stabilized spectrograph for extreme radial velocity (RV) precision. It is being commissioned at the 3.5 m WIYN telescope in Kitt Peak National Observatory with a desired instrumental precision of better than 30 \cms{}. NEID's bandpass of 380 -- 930 nm enables the simultaneous wavelength coverage of activity indicators from the Ca HK lines in the blue to the Ca IR triplet in the IR. In this paper we will present our efforts to characterize and mitigate optical ghosts in the NEID spectrograph during assembly, integration and testing, and highlight several of the dominant optical element contributors such as the cross dispersion prism and input optics. We shall present simulations of the 2-D spectrum and discuss the predicted ghost features on the focal plane, and how they may impact the RV performance for NEID. We also present the mitigation strategy adopted for each ghost which may be applied to future instrument designs. This work will enable other instrument builders to potentially avoid some of these issues, as well as outline mitigation strategies.
description: Conference Proceeding from SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation (2020): 12 pages
Tetrads in low-energy weak interactions
Creators: name: Garat, Alcides
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tetrads are introduced in order to study the relationship between gravity and particle interactions, specially in weak processes at low energy. Through several examples like inverse Muon decay, elastic Neutrino-Electron scattering, it is explicitly shown how to assign to each vertex of the corresponding low-order Feynman diagram in a weak interaction, a particular set of tetrad vectors. The relationship between the tetrads associated to different vertices is exhibited explicitly to be generated by a SU(2) local gauge transformation.
Research Infrastructures for Fair Data Sharing in the Heritage Sector
Creators: name: Ricahrds, Julian
name: Niccolucci, Franco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Archaeology
ECCCH

description: The European Commission is making major investments in research infrastructures and online data services in the heritage sector, with a plethora of national and European initiatives and a wealth of acronyms: Europeana, European Open Science Cloud (EOSC), E-RIHS (European Research Infrastructure for Heritage Science), and most recently the ECCCH (European Collaborative Cloud for Cultural Heritage), to name but a few. Many of these services are also being mirrored at national level. The landscape is crowded and confusing, but it is important that the archaeological and heritage sector makes the most of these new opportunities to leverage what we need. The ARIADNE Research Infrastructure has emerged from successive European investments as a Knowledge Base and data aggregator for our sector, now providing access to 4 million archaeological resources across 40 countries. Rather than a top-down initiative it is a community-driven membership association, developing and maintaining a sustainable aggregation service and research infrastructure for archaeological and heritage data. In 2024 it has embarked on a new 4-year EU-funded project, ATRIUM, to ensure it is embedded within broader Arts and Humanities research infrastructures (DARIAH, CLARIN and OPERAS) and the EOSC marketplace. It also a member of the ECHOES consortium, which is establishing the ECCCH, to be launched in September 2024. This paper will seek to introduce the rapidly changing landscape from the perspective of an infrastructure provider, seeking input from researchers and heritage professionals on their needs and how these new European-level investments can best serve the archaeological community.

Abstract taken from the EAA 2024 Abstract Book:

30th EAA Annual Meeting (Rome, Italy 2024) - Abstract Book Names, titles and affiliations are reproduced as submitted by the session organisers and/or authors. Language and wording of titles and abstracts were not revised. Technical editing: Sára Tylšová, Magda Karabáš (EAA) Design and layout: Sára Tylšová, Magda Karabáš (EAA) Design - cover: Symposia srl Design - logo: Caterina Amendola European Association of Archaeologists Rome, August 2024 © European Association of Archaeologists, 2024 ISBN 978-80-88441-08-3 30th EAA Annual Meeting (Rome, 2024)

https://www.e-a-a.org/EAA2024/scientificprogramme
The Structure of Protoplanetary Disks Surrounding Three Young Intermediate Mass Stars. I. Resolving the disk rotation in the [OI] 6300 Åline
Creators: name: van der Plas, G.
name: Ancker, M. E. van den
name: Fedele, D.
name: Acke, B.
name: Dominik, C.
name: Waters, L. B. F. M.
name: Bouwman, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high spectral resolution optical spectra of three young intermediate mass stars, in all of which we spectrally resolve the 6300 Angstrom [OI] emission line. Two of these have a double peaked line profile. We fit these data with a simple model of the [OI] emission caused by photo-dissociation of OH molecules in the upper layer of a circumstellar disk by stellar UV radiation and thus translate the Doppler broadened [OI] emission profile into an amount of emission as a function of distance from the central star. The resulting spectra are in agreement with the expected disk shapes as derived from their spectral energy distribution. We find evidence for shadowing by an inner rim in the disk surrounding HD101412 and see a flaring disk structure in HD179218 while the [OI] spectrum of HD135344 is more complex. The [OI] emission starts for all three targets at velocities corresponding to their dust sublimation radius and extends up to radii of 10 -- 90 AU. This shows that this method can be a valuable tool in the future investigation of circumstellar disks.
description: 11 pages, 19 figures, accepted in A&A on 04/02/2008; added references
The Group Evolution Multiwavelength Study (GEMS): the Sample and Datasets
Creators: name: Forbes, Duncan A.
name: Ponman, Trevor
name: Pearce, Frazer
name: Osmond, John
name: Kilborn, Virginia
name: Brough, Sarah
name: Raychaudhury, Somak
name: Mundell, Carole
name: Miles, Trevor
name: Kern, Katie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galaxy groups have been under-studied relative to their richer counterparts -- clusters. The Group Evolution Multiwavelength Study (GEMS) aims to redress some the balance. Here we describe the GEMS sample selection and resulting sample of 60 nearby (distance < 130 Mpc) galaxy groups and our multiwavelength dataset of X-ray, optical and HI imaging. ROSAT X-ray images of each group are presented. GEMS also utilizes near-infrared imaging from the 2MASS survey and optical spectra from the 6dFGS. These observational data are complemented by mock group catalogues generated from the latest LCDM simulations with gas physics included. Existing GEMS publications are briefly highlighted as are future publication plans.
description: Accepted for publication in PASA. Paper plus additional figures in jpg format
Mapping Leaf Area Index with a Smartphone and Gaussian Processes
Creators: name: Campos-Taberner, Manuel
name: García-Haro, Franciso Javier
name: Moreno, Álvaro
name: Gilabert, María Amparo
name: Sánchez-Ruiz, Sergio
name: Martínez, Beatriz
name: Camps-Valls, Gustau
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Leaf area index (LAI) is a key biophysical parameter used to determine foliage cover and crop growth in environmental studies. Smartphones are nowadays ubiquitous sensor devices with high computational power, moderate cost, and high-quality sensors. A smartphone app, called PocketLAI, was recently presented and tested for acquiring ground LAI estimates. In this letter, we explore the use of state-of-the-art nonlinear Gaussian process regression (GPR) to derive spatially explicit LAI estimates over rice using ground data from PocketLAI and Landsat 8 imagery. GPR has gained popularity in recent years because of their solid Bayesian foundations that offers not only high accuracy but also confidence intervals for the retrievals. We show the first LAI maps obtained with ground data from a smartphone combined with advanced machine learning. This work compares LAI predictions and confidence intervals of the retrievals obtained with PocketLAI to those obtained with classical instruments, such as digital hemispheric photography (DHP) and LI-COR LAI-2000. This letter shows that all three instruments got comparable result but the PocketLAI is far cheaper. The proposed methodology hence opens a wide range of possible applications at moderate cost.
RCA III -- Influence of Social Trends on Agricultural Natural Resources: Megatrends: Banking and Finance - Biotechnology
Creators: name: Natural Resources Conservation Service
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Agricultural Finance
Crop Production/Industries
Environmental Economics and Policy
Land Economics/Use
Livestock Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Contents: Overview of the Symposium (Frank Clearfield and Steven E. Kraft); The Influence of Politics and of Banking and Finance on Agricultural Conservation (David Freshwater); Implications of Biotechnology for Agricultural Natural Resources (Frederick H. Buttel).
description: This is part of a set of papers originally presented at the Symposium on Influence of Social Trends on Agricultural Natural Resources cosponsored by RCA and the Social Sciences Institute (NRCS) (May 31-June 2, 1995, Washington, D.C.) and now issued in the RCA Working Papers series.
Proposal for detection of non-Markovian decay via current noise
Creators: name: Chen, Yueh-Nan
name: Chen, Guang-Yin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose to detect non-Markovian decay of an exciton qubit coupled to multi-mode bosonic reservoir via shot-noise measurements. Non-equilibrium current noise is calculated for a quantum dot embedded inside a \QTR{it}{p-i-n} junction. An additional term from non-Markovian effect is obtained in the derivation of noise spectrum. As examples, two practical photonic reservoirs, photon vacuum with the inclusion of cut-off frequency and surface plasmons, are given to show that the noise may become super-Poissonian due to this non-Markovian effect. Utilizing the property of super-radiance is further suggested to enhance the noise value.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, To appear in Phys. Rev. B (2008)
RCA III -- Influence of Social Trends on Agricultural Natural Resources: Public Attitudes and Farmers' Perceptions
Creators: name: Natural Resources Conservation Service
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Environmental Economics and Policy
Land Economics/Use
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Contents: Overview of the Symposium (Frank Clearfield and Steven E. Kraft); The Reorganization of the Natural Resources Conservation Service: Listening and Reacting to Customer Needs (Frank Clearfield and Kim Berry); Survey Research and Conservation Policy: Insights for the 21st Century (J. Dixon Esseks and Steven E. Kraft).
description: This is part of a set of papers originally presented at the Symposium on Influence of Social Trends on Agricultural Natural Resources cosponsored by RCA and the Social Sciences Institute (NRCS) (May 31-June 2, 1995, Washington, D.C.) and now issued in the RCA Working Papers series.
CO Isotopologues in the Perseus Molecular Cloud Complex: the X-Factor and Regional Variations
Creators: name: Pineda, Jaime E.
name: Caselli, Paola
name: Goodman, Alyssa A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the COMPLETE data to derive new calibrations of the X-factor and the 13CO abundance within Perseus. We divide Perseus into six sub-regions. The standard X factor, X=N(H2)/W(12CO), is derived both for the whole Perseus Complex and for each of the six sub-regions with values consistent with previous estimates. The X factor is heavily affected by the saturation of the emission above AV~4 mag, and variations are found between regions. We derive linear fits to relate W(12CO) and AV using only points below 4 mag of extinction, this yields a better estimation of the AV than the X-factor. We derive linear relations of W(13CO), N(13CO) and W(C18O) with AV . The extinction threshold above which 13CO(1-0) and C18O(1-0) are detected is about 1 mag larger than previous estimates. 12CO(1-0) and 13CO(1-0) lines saturate above 4 and 5 mag, respectively, whereas C18O(1-0) never saturates (up to 10 mag). Approximately 60% of the positions with 12CO emission have sub-thermally excited lines, and almost all positions have 12CO excitation temperatures below the dust temperature. Using the Meudon PDR code we find that 12CO and 13CO emission can be explained by uniform slab models with densities ranging between about 10^3 and 10^4 cm-3. Local variations in the volume density and non-thermal motions (linked to different star formation activity) can explain the observations. Higher densities are needed to reproduce CO data toward active star forming sites, where the larger internal motions driven by the young protostars allow more photons from the embedded high density cores to escape the cloud. In the most quiescent region, the 12CO and 13CO emission appears to arise from an almost uniform thin layer of molecular material at densities around 10^4 cm-3.
description: 40 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ; version with high resolution figures available at http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/~jpineda/post/cal-co-v2.pdf
Moral perception in the nondual key : towards an ethic of moral proprioception
Creators: name: Bai, Hee-Soon
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Moral actions characteristically emanate from moral perception; therefore, if we are to improve moral action, we should see to improving moral perception. Accordingly, this thesis prioritizes the importance of moral perception in moral performance. Yet, perception is usually interpreted as reception and, hence, lying outside one's direct control, in which case the notion of improving moral perception would be limited. However, many contemporary moral theorists who profess the primacy of moral perception are rather strongly committed to such a notion as evidenced in their pursuit of the possibility of open moral perception which is not rigidly prescribed by prior doxastic and dispositional conditions. I problematize this situation by arguing that in the way perception ordinarily operates, which is superimposition of the subject's beliefs and dispositions on what is perceived, moral perception as open perception is not possible in any serious sense. Unless this superimposition is first of all recognized—a difficult task, given our tendency to objectify what is perceived—and, secondly, given to deconstruction in both theory and experience, the proposal for open perception would not yield far-reaching results. I examine this tendency to objectification and attempt to repudiate our foundational subject-object dualistic epistemology and ontology that lie behind this tendency. Then I consider how the resulting thesis of nonduality can be experientially established. For this step, I explore the resources available in the Buddhist tradition of vipassana theory and practice which proposes laying bare the process of superimposition, and furthermore, deconstructing it experientially, thereby availing to us the possibility of nondual moral perception—that is, perception freed from the enthrallment of superimposition. I also explore the epistemology and phenomenology behind vipassana, and I attempt to picture human intentionality in the mode of nonduality. Furthermore, I attempt to construct a general ethical theory, which I term "nondual ethic," that centralizes empathic, compassionate, and harmony-making perception. Finally, I consider the kinds of educative practices that foster nondual ways of experience, and hence nondual moral perception. With this thesis, I lay the preliminary groundwork for further investigation.
Measurement of the Charge Transfer Efficiency of Electrons Clocked on Superfluid Helium
Creators: name: Sabouret, G.
name: Lyon, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrons floating on the surface of liquid helium are possible qubits for quantum information processing. Varying electric potentials do not modify spin states, which allows their transport on helium using a charge-coupled device (CCD)-like array of underlying gates. This scheme depends upon efficient inter-gate electron transfer and on the absence of electron traps. We will present a measurement of the charge transfer efficiency (CTE) of electrons clocked back and forth above a short CCD-like structure. The CTE obtained at low clocking frequencies is 0.999 with an electron density of about 4 electrons per square micrometer. We find no evidence for deep electron trapping.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures (corrected typos and added details on experimental procedure), submitted to APL
Quantitative analysis of the kinematics and induced aerodynamic loading of individual vortices in vortex-dominated flows: a computation and data-driven approach
Creators: name: Menon, Karthik
name: Mittal, Rajat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A physics-based data-driven computational framework for the quantitative analysis of vortex kinematics and vortex-induced loads in vortex-dominated problems is presented. Such flows are characterized by the dominant influence of a small number of vortex structures, but the complexity of these flows makes it difficult to conduct a quantitative analysis of this influence at the level of individual vortices. The method presented here combines machine learning-inspired clustering methods with a rigorous mathematical partitioning of aerodynamic loads to enable detailed quantitative analysis of vortex kinematics and vortex-induced aerodynamic loads. We demonstrate the utility of this approach by applying it to an ensemble of 165 distinct Navier-Stokes simulations of flow past a sinusoidally pitching airfoil. Insights enabled by the current methodology include the identification of a period-doubling route to chaos in this flow, and the precise quantification of the role that leading-edge vortices play in driving aeroelastic pitch oscillations.
Determination of the Physical Conditions of the Knots in the Helix Nebula from Optical and Infrared Observations
Creators: name: O'Dell, C. R.
name: Henney, W. J.
name: Ferland, G. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [Abridged] We use new HST and archived images to clarify the nature of the knots in the Helix Nebula. We employ published far infrared spectrophotometry and existing 2.12 micron images to establish that the population distribution of the lowest ro-vibrational states of H2 is close to the distribution of a gas in LTE at 988 +- 119 K. We derive a total flux from the nebula in H2 lines and compare this with the power available from the central star for producing this radiation. We establish that neither soft X-rays nor FUV radiation has enough energy to power the H2 radiation, only the stellar EUV radiation shortward of 912 Angstrom does. Advection of material from the cold regions of the knots produces an extensive zone where both atomic and molecular hydrogen are found, allowing the H2 to directly be heated by Lyman continuum radiation, thus providing a mechanism that can explain the excitation temperature and surface brightness of the cusps and tails. New images of the knot 378-801 reveal that the 2.12 micron cusp and tail lie immediately inside the ionized atomic gas zone. This firmly establishes that the "tail" structure is an ionization bounded radiation shadow behind the optically thick core of the knot. A unique new image in the HeII 4686 Angstrom line fails to show any emission from knots that might have been found in the He++ core of the nebula. We also re-examined high signal-to-noise ratio ground-based telescope images of this same inner region and found no evidence of structures that could be related to knots.
description: Astronomical Journal, in press. Some figures are shown at reduced resolution. A full resolution version is available at http://www.ifront.org/wiki/Helix_Nebula_2007_Paper
A Stability Diagram for Dense Suspensions of Model Colloidal Al2O3-Particles in Shear Flow
Creators: name: Hecht, Martin
name: Harting, Jens
name: Herrmann, Hans J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In Al2O3 suspensions, depending on the experimental conditions very different microstructures can be found, comprising fluid like suspensions, a repulsive structure, and a clustered microstructure. For technical processing in ceramics, the knowledge of the microstructure is of importance, since it essentially determines the stability of a workpiece to be produced. To enlighten this topic, we investigate these suspensions under shear by means of simulations. We observe cluster formation on two different length scales: the distance of nearest neighbors and on the length scale of the system size. We find that the clustering behavior does not depend on the length scale of observation. If inter-particle interactions are not attractive the particles form layers in the shear flow. The results are summarized in a stability diagram.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures, revised version
Residual finiteness, QCERF, and fillings of hyperbolic groups
Creators: name: Agol, Ian
name: Groves, Daniel
name: Manning, Jason Fox
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F65, 20F67, 20E26

description: We prove that if every hyperbolic group is residually finite, then every quasi-convex subgroup of every hyperbolic group is separable. The main tool is relatively hyperbolic Dehn filling.
description: (v1) 22 pages, 2 figures. (v2) 24 pages, 2 figures. An error in the proof and statement of the main technical lemma was corrected, and some other small corrections and clarifications were made
Gradient-based Automatic Look-Up Table Generator for Atmospheric Radiative Transfer Models
Creators: name: Vicent, Jorge
name: Alonso, Luis
name: Martino, Luca
name: Sabater, Neus
name: Verrelst, Jochem
name: Camps-Valls, Gustau
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Atmospheric correction of Earth Observation data is one of the most critical steps in the data processing chain of a satellite mission for successful remote sensing applications. Atmospheric Radiative Transfer Models (RTM) inversion methods are typically preferred due to their high accuracy. However, the execution of RTMs on a pixel-per-pixel basis is impractical due to their high computation time, thus large multi-dimensional look-up tables (LUTs) are precomputed for their later interpolation. To further reduce the RTM computation burden and the error in LUT interpolation, we have developed a method to automatically select the minimum and optimal set of nodes to be included in a LUT. We present the gradient-based automatic LUT generator algorithm (GALGA) which relies on the notion of an acquisition function that incorporates (a) the Jacobian evaluation of an RTM, and (b) information about the multivariate distribution of the current nodes. We illustrate the capabilities of GALGA in the automatic construction and optimization of MODerate resolution atmospheric TRANsmission (MODTRAN) LUTs for several input dimensions. Our results indicate that, when compared to a pseudo-random homogeneous distribution of the LUT nodes, GALGA reduces (1) the LUT size by $\sim$75\% and (2) the maximum interpolation relative errors by 0.5\% It is concluded that automatic LUT design might benefit from the methodology proposed in GALGA to reduce computation time and interpolation errors.
A precise CNOT gate in the presence of large fabrication induced variations of the exchange interaction strength
Creators: name: Testolin, M. J.
name: Hill, C. D.
name: Wellard, C. J.
name: Hollenberg, L. C. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate how using two-qubit composite rotations a high fidelity controlled-NOT (CNOT) gate can be constructed, even when the strength of the interaction between qubits is not accurately known. We focus on the exchange interaction oscillation in silicon based solid-state architectures with a Heisenberg Hamiltonian. This method easily applies to a general two-qubit Hamiltonian. We show how the robust CNOT gate can achieve a very high fidelity when a single application of the composite rotations is combined with a modest level of Hamiltonian characterisation. Operating the robust CNOT gate in a suitably characterised system means concatenation of the composite pulse is unnecessary, hence reducing operation time, and ensuring the gate operates below the threshold required for fault-tolerant quantum computation.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Theoretical prediction of spectral and optical properties of bacteriochlorophylls in thermally disordered LH2 antenna complexes
Creators: name: Janosi, Lorant
name: Kosztin, Ioan
name: Damjanovic, Ana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general approach for calculating spectral and optical properties of pigment-protein complexes of known atomic structure is presented. The method, that combines molecular dynamics simulations, quantum chemistry calculations and statistical mechanical modeling, is demonstrated by calculating the absorption and circular dichroism spectra of the B800-B850 BChls of the LH2 antenna complex from Rs. molischianum at room temperature. The calculated spectra are found to be in good agreement with the available experimental results. The calculations reveal that the broadening of the B800 band is mainly caused by the interactions with the polar protein environment, while the broadening of the B850 band is due to the excitonic interactions. Since it contains no fitting parameters, in principle, the proposed method can be used to predict optical spectra of arbitrary pigment-protein complexes of known structure.
description: ReVTeX4, 11 pages, 9 figures, submitted to J. Chem. Phys
Strategies for Determining the Nature of Dark Matter
Creators: name: Hooper, Dan
name: Baltz, Edward A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this review, we discuss the role of the various experimental programs taking part in the broader effort to identify the particle nature of dark matter. In particular, we focus on electroweak scale dark matter particles and discuss a wide range of search strategies being carried out and developed to detect them. These efforts include direct detection experiments, which attempt to observe the elastic scattering of dark matter particles with nuclei, indirect detection experiments, which search for photons, antimatter and neutrinos produced as a result of dark matter annihilations, and collider searches for new TeV-scale physics. Each of these techniques could potentially provide a different and complementary set of information related to the mass, interactions and distribution of dark matter. Ultimately, it is hoped that these many different tools will be used together to conclusively identify the particle or particles that constitute the dark matter of our universe.
description: 25 pages, 5 figures, Review intended for the Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science
Entropy Encoding, Hilbert Space and Karhunen-Loeve Transforms
Creators: name: Jorgensen, Palle E. T.
name: Song, Myung-Sin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 28D20; 46C07; 47S50; 68P30; 65C50

description: By introducing Hilbert space and operators, we show how probabilities, approximations and entropy encoding from signal and image processing allow precise formulas and quantitative estimates. Our main results yield orthogonal bases which optimize distinct measures of data encoding.
description: 25 pages, 1 figure
Urban living can rescue Darwin's finches from the lethal effects of invasive vampire flies
Creators: name: Knutie, Sarah
name: Webster, Cynthia
name: Vaziri, Grace
name: Albert, Lauren
name: Harvey, Johanna
name: LaRue, Michelle
name: Verrett, Taylor
name: Soldo, Alexandria
name: Koop, Jennifer
name: Chaves, Jaime
name: Wegrzyn, Jill
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Increased human activity can have a variety of impacts on species biodiversity and the environment. There has been limited research exploring molecular-level connections between urbanization and the effect of invasive species on animals. This study provides insight on how urbanization influences the effect of an invasive avian vampire flies (Philornis downsi) on endemic Darwin’s finches (Geospiza fortis) in the Galápagos Islands.  We purposely adjusted the quantity of flies within nests in urban and rural settings, followed by an examination of the well-being, survival rates, dietary choices, and gene expression patterns associated with the host's defense mechanisms in fledgling birds.

With sequenced Geospiza fortis (medium ground finch) RNA-seq samples, a pairwise differential expression analysis was conducted by observing two sites (urban and non-urban) and two treatments (fumigated and sham-fumigated), with an interaction. Gene enrichment of sham-fumigated nestlings from the urban and non-urban sites was compared to identify potential host defense mechanisms, followed by a co-expression analysis to provide novel insights on other traits that may explain gene expression patterns in nestling finches.

The repository contains all the scripts used for bioinformatic analyses.
Structural, elastic and optoelectronic properties of inorganic cubic FrBX3 (B = Ge, Sn; X = Cl, Br, I) perovskite: the density functional theory approach
Creators: name: Hasan, Nazmul
name: Arifuzzaman, Md
name: Kabir, Alamgir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inorganic metal-halide cubic perovskite semiconductors have become more popular in industrial applications of photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices. Among various perovskites, lead-free materials are currently most explored due to their non-toxic effect on the environment. In this study, the structural, electronic, optical, and mechanical properties of lead-free cubic perovskite materials FrBX3 (B = Ge, Sn; X = Cl, Br, I) are investigated through first-principles density-functional theory (DFT) calculations. These materials are found to exhibit semiconducting behavior with direct bandgap energy and mechanical phase stability. The observed variation in the bandgap is explained based on the substitutions of cations and anions sitting over B and X-sites of the FrBX3 compounds. The high absorption coefficient, low reflectivity, and high optical conductivity make these materials suitable for photovoltaic and other optoelectronic device applications. It is observed that the material containing Ge (germanium) in the B-site has higher optical absorption and conductivity than Sn containing materials. A systematic analysis of the electronic, optical, and mechanical properties suggests that among all the perovskite materials, FrGeI3 would be a potential candidate for optoelectronic applications. The radioactive element Fr-containing perovskite FrGeI3 may have applications in nuclear medicine and diagnosis such as X-ray imaging technology.