cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
High-Sensitivity Observations of Molecular Lines with the Arecibo Telescope
Creators: name: Tan, W. S.
name: Araya, E. D.
name: Lee, L. E.
name: Hofner, P.
name: Kurtz, S.
name: Linz, H.
name: Olmi, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on one of the highest sensitivity surveys for molecular lines in the frequency range 6.0 to 7.4 GHz conducted to date. The observations were done with the 305m Arecibo Telescope toward a sample of twelve intermediate/high-mass star forming regions. We searched for a large number of transitions of different molecules, including CH3OH and OH. The low RMS noise of our data (~5 mJy for most sources and transitions) allowed detection of spectral features that have not been seen in previous lower sensitivity observations of the sources, such as detection of excited OH and 6.7 GHz CH3OH absorption. A review of 6.7 GHz CH3OH detections indicates an association between absorption and radio continuum sources in high-mass star forming regions, although selection biases in targeted projects and low sensitivity of blind surveys imply incompleteness. Absorption of excited OH transitions was also detected toward three sources. In particular, we confirm a broad 6.035 GHz OH absorption feature in G34.26+0.15 characterized by an asymmetric blue-shifted wing indicative of expansion, perhaps a large scale outflow in this HII region.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
D1-D5 black hole microstate counting from supergravity
Creators: name: Rychkov, Vyacheslav. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We quantize the moduli space of regular D1-D5 microstates, directly from Type IIB SUGRA. The moduli space is parametrized by a smooth closed non-selfintersecting curve in four dimensions, and we derive that the components of the curve satisfy chiral boson commutation relations, with the correct value of the effective Planck constant previously conjectured using U-duality. We use the Crnkovic-Witten-Zuckerman covariant quantization method, previously used to quantize the `bubbling AdS' geometries, combined with a certain new `consistency condition' which allows us to reduce the computation to quantizing perturbations around the plane wave.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures, JHEP3.cls; v2: references and comments added
Teunia cuniculi Q. M. Wang, F. Y. Bai & A. H. Li 2020, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Li, A. - H.
name: Yuan, F. - X.
name: Groenewald, M.
name: Bensch, K.
name: Yurkov, A. M.
name: Li, K.
name: Han, P. - J.
name: Guo, L. - D.
name: Aime, M. C.
name: Sampaio, J. P.
name: Jindamorakot, S.
name: Turchetti, B.
name: Inacio, J.
name: Fungsin, B.
name: Wang, Q. - M.
name: Bai, F. - Y.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Tremellomycetes
Tremellales
Cryptococcaceae
Teunia
Teunia cuniculi

description: Teunia cuniculi (K.S. Shin & Y.H. Park) Q.M. Wang, F.Y. Bai & A.H. Li, comb. nov. MycoBank MB828753.
 Basionym: Cryptococcus cuniculi K.S. Shin & Y.H. Park, Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 56: 2243 (2006).
description: Published as part of Li, A. - H., Yuan, F. - X., Groenewald, M., Bensch, K., Yurkov, A. M., Li, K., Han, P. - J., Guo, L. - D., Aime, M. C., Sampaio, J. P., Jindamorakot, S., Turchetti, B., Inacio, J., Fungsin, B., Wang, Q. - M. & Bai, F. - Y., 2020, Diversity and phylogeny of basidiomycetous yeasts from plant leaves and soil: Proposal of two new orders, three new families, eight new genera and one hundred and seven new species, pp. 17-140 in Studies In Mycology 96 on page 86, DOI: 10.1016/j.simyco.2020.01.002, http://zenodo.org/record/10497182
title: An automated oxystat fermentation regime for microoxic cultivation of Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense
Creators: name: Riese, Cornelius N.
name: Uebe, René
name: Rosenfeldt, Sabine
name: Schenk, Anna S.
name: Jérôme, Valérie
name: Freitag, Ruth
name: Schüler, Dirk
Publisher: name: University of Bayreuth
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Magnetosomes
subject: Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense
subject: Oxystat fermentation
subject: Magnetosome biomineralization
subject: 540
subject: 570
subject: 600
subject: 610
subject: 620

description: Magnetosomes produced by magnetotactic bacteria represent magnetic nanoparticles with unprecedented characteristics. However, their use in many biotechnological applications has so far been hampered by their challenging bioproduction at larger scales.
Conceptual design of a scalable multi-kton superconducting magnetized liquid Argon TPC
Creators: name: Ereditato, A.
name: Rubbia, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the possibility of new generation neutrino and astroparticle physics experiments exploiting a superconducting magnetized liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LAr TPC). The possibility to complement the features of the LAr TPC with those provided by a magnetic field has been considered in the past and has been shown to open new physics opportunities, in particular in the context of a neutrino factory. The experimental operation of a magnetized 10 lt LAr TPC prototype has been recently demonstrated. From basic proof of principle, the main challenge to be addressed is the possibility to magnetize a very large volume of Argon, corresponding to 10 kton or more, for future neutrino physics applications. In this paper we present one such conceptual design.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, invited talk at 7th International Workshop on Neutrino Factories and Superbeams (NUFACT05), LNF, Frascati (Rome)
Contract Design and Targeting for the Production of Public Goods in Agriculture: The Impact of the 2003 Cap Reform
Creators: name: Bartolini, Fabio
name: Gallerani, Vittorio
name: Raggi, Meri
name: Viaggi, Davide
name: Bartolini, Fabio
name: Gallerani, Vittorio
name: Raggi, Meri
name: Viaggi, Davide
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: agri-environmental schemes
subject: contracts
subject: multifunctional agriculture
subject: CAP reform

description: The objective of this paper is to compare different ways of designing agri-environmental contracts and to set targeting under adverse selection, comparing conditions before and after CAP reform 2003. The results suggest that the present contract structure may be relevantly improved through a more accurate design and a clearer target. The reform, through the decoupling mechanism, will contribute to reduce the opportunity cost of the adoption of agri-environmental measures. This may increase the optimal amount of public goods produced by agriculture and will encourage participation by farmers. However, in order to properly exploit the new conditions brought by the 2003 reform, it is necessary to review the way agri-environmental payments are assigned and their structure, in terms of targeting, contract differentiation and payment allocation.
Cosmic Acceleration from M Theory on Twisted Spaces
Creators: name: Neupane, Ishwaree P.
name: Wiltshire, David L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent paper [I.P. Neupane and D.L. Wiltshire, Phys. Lett. B 619, 201 (2005).] we have found a new class of accelerating cosmologies arising from a time--dependent compactification of classical supergravity on product spaces that include one or more geometric twists along with non-trivial curved internal spaces. With such effects, a scalar potential can have a local minimum with positive vacuum energy. The existence of such a minimum generically predicts a period of accelerated expansion in the four-dimensional Einstein-conformal frame. Here we extend our knowledge of these cosmological solutions by presenting new examples and discuss the properties of the solutions in a more general setting. We also relate the known (asymptotic) solutions for multi-scalar fields with exponential potentials to the accelerating solutions arising from simple (or twisted) product spaces for internal manifolds.
description: 23 pages, 3 figures; added a summary Table, PRD version
Accretion Flows in Nonmagnetic White Dwarf Binaries as Observed in X-rays
Creators: name: Balman, Solen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cataclysmic Variables (CVs) are compact binaries with white dwarf (WD) primaries. CVs and other accreting WD binaries (AWBs) are useful laboratories for studying accretion flows, gas dynamics, outflows, transient outbursts, and explosive nuclear burning under different astrophysical plasma conditions. They have been studied over decades and are important for population studies of galactic X-ray sources. Recent space- and ground-based high resolution spectral and timing studies, along with recent surveys indicate that we still have observational and theoretical complexities yet to answer. I review accretion in nonmagnetic AWBs in the light of X-ray observations. I present X-ray diagnostics of accretion in dwarf novae and the disk outbursts, the nova-like systems, and the state of the research on the disk winds and outflows in the nonmagnetic CVs together with comparisons and relations to classical and recurrent nova systems, AM CVns and Symbiotic systems. I discuss how the advective hot accretion flows (ADAF-like) in the inner regions of accretion disks (merged with boundary layer zones) in nonmagnetic CVs explain most of the discrepancies and complexities that have been encountered in the X-ray observations. I stress how flickering variability studies from optical to X-rays can be probes to determine accretion history and disk structure together with how the temporal and spectral variability of CVs are related to that of LMXBs and AGNs. Finally, I discuss the nature of accretion in nonmagnetic WDs in terms of ADAF-like accretion flows, and elaborate on the solutions it brings and its complications, constructing an observational framework to motivate new theoretical calculations that introduce this flow-type in disks, outflow and wind models together with disk-instability models of outbursts and nova outbursts in AWBs and WD physics, in general.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures, 1 Table, the content of this paper is Published (in Press) in a Special Issue of Advances in Space Research, entitled "Nova Eruptions, Cataclysmic Variables and Related Systems: Challenges in the 2020 Era", edited by Solen Balman
بررسی تفاوت هویت جنسيتی ورزشکاران زن و مرد حرفه ای كشور
Creators: name: Tavassoli, Afsaneh
name: Honari, Habib
name: Kooshafar, Afsaneh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: هدف از این تحقيق مقایسۀ هویت جنسيتی ورزشکاران زن و مرد حرفه ای ایران است. پژوهش حاضر توصيفی و از نوع تحقيقات همبستگی و علی- مقایسه ا ی است. جامعۀ آماری پژوهش را كليۀ بازیکنان حاضر در تيمهای ورزشی ملی و حرفه ای زن و مرد رشته های ورزشی تیمی و انفرادی ایران N=380 تشکيل می دهند.
CAP Reforms and Total Factor Productivity Growth in Belgian Agriculture: A Malmquist Index Approach
Creators: name: Coelli, Tim J.
name: Perelman, Sergio
name: Van Lierde, Dirk
name: Coelli, Tim J.
name: Perelman, Sergio
name: Van Lierde, Dirk
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: CAP reforms
subject: Belgian agriculture
subject: total factor productivity
subject: Malmquist index
subject: shadow shares

description: Have the 1992 and 2000 CAP reforms had any discernable effect upon agricultural productivity? In this study we derive detailed information on the total factor productivity (TFP) growth of arable farms in Belgium over a 16-year period from 1987 to 2002. Calculations are based on a carefully constructed high-quality detailed farm-level data set containing 1728 observations, involving over 100 farms in most years. Three output variables (cereals, other crops, other outputs) and four input variables (land, labour, capital and other inputs) are constructed, using multilateral Fisher index numbers where crop aggregation is required. The TFP measures are calculated using a Malmquist TFP index relative to a series of data envelopment analysis (DEA) frontiers. Annual average TFP change of 1.0% per year is estimated for this industry. This rate does not compare well with rates of over 2% that are commonly reported in studies involving other developed countries. The pattern of TFP growth over the period indicates that the two CAP reforms (in 1992 and 2000) have had no discernable effect upon TFP trends. An inspection of shadow shares (derived from the DEA frontiers) indicates that substantial distortions remain in this industry, especially with regards to the excess use of labour and constrained use of land, relative to other inputs. Finally, tabulation of results by region and farm size shows fairly uniform TFP change across regions, but poor performance in small farms, where TFP actually levels actually fell over this period.
بررسی تاثیر فشارهای هنجاری برمدیریت بدن زنان
Creators: name: Tavassoli, Afsaneh
name: Habibi, Elham
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: مدیریت بدن از جمله مفاهیمی است که در یک دو دهه اخیر در عرصه علوم اجتماعی و جامعه شناسی بدن بدان پرداخته شده است. مدیریت بدن به معنای مراقبت دائمی و مستمر از بدن تعبیر و تعریف شده و دارای اشکال گوناگونی می باشد. در واقع مدیریت بدن به کنترل و نظارتی گفته می شود که هر کدام از افراد جامعه نسبت به اندام خود انجام می دهند و اشکال آن از جراحی های زیبایی تا فعالیت های ورزشی و مراقبت های پزشکی را دربر دارد. از اینرو مدیریت بدن بعنوان یک استراتژی مهم در آمده است. که افراد را برای نیل به اهدافی چون سلامت، تندرستی و بدست آوردن منزلت اجتماعی یاری می رساند.
Technical Efficiency Analysis of Nigerian Cassava Farmers: A Guide for Food Security Policy
Creators: name: Asogwa, B.C.
name: Umeh, Joseph Chinedu
name: Ater, P.I.
name: Asogwa, B.C.
name: Umeh, Joseph Chinedu
name: Ater, P.I.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: technical efficiency
subject: Nigerian cassava farmers
subject: food security policy

description: This study analyzed relationship between techn ical efficiency and socio-economic variables of cassava farmers in Nigeria. Data were collected from randomly sampled 360 cassava farmers in Nigeria using a structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics comprising mean, minimum value, maximum value and standard deviation, as well as inferential statistics, which comprised correlation and regression. The findings of the s tudy indicated that a significant relationship exists between technical efficiency and cassava output (0.542), farm income (0.612), processing cost (- 0.414), gari yield (0.608), gross margin (0.483), farming experience (0.278), education (0.699) and extension contact (0.585) of the sampled cassava farmers in Nigeria. Multiple regression result showed that variation in technical efficiency is explained by variations in annual farm income (2.718E-06), annual processing cost (- 1.542E-05), annual gross margin (9.383E-07) farming experience (3.825E-03), education (0.191) and extension contact (6.562E-02). Hence, policy that would enable cassava farmers in Nigeria increase farm income, gross margin and have access to quality education and extension services will lead to the enhancement of technical efficiency of cassava production. Furthermore, policy that would encourage experienced farmers in cassava production and ensure that cost effective improved cassava processing technology is available to the cassava farmers will enhance technical efficiency in cassava production in Nigeria. Policy that would further raise the current level of technical efficiency in cassava production in Nigeria is strongly recommended for the enhancement of the welfare of the cassava farmers in Nigeria.
A Synthesis of Theoretical Concepts for Analysing Non-Farm Rural Employment
Creators: name: Buchenrieder, Gertrud
name: Mollers, Judith
name: Buchenrieder, Gertrud
name: Mollers, Judith
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: rural non-farm employment
subject: diversification
subject: theoretical framework

description: Employment diversification is a major livelihood strategy in rural areas and is thus a focal point of the ongoing rural development debate. The issue of non-farm diversification is undoubtedly complex and its determinants are difficult to identify. Increasingly, there is a need to address, clarify and bring together theoretical concepts for analysing non-farm rural employment (NFRE). With this in mind, the objective of this paper is to summarize and link existing theories and to introduce some new aspects with regard to modelling NFRE and employment diversification. NFRE dynamics are closely interrelated with the institutional framework and its incentives and constraints. The behaviour of rural decision-makers also depends on fundamental determinants such as norms and attitudes. The Sustainable Livelihood Framework (SLF) and the demand-pull and distress-push concept focus on the motives and the context in which diversification strategies evolve. To depict economic incentives we will introduce a welfare model which explains the labour allocation processes. We will show that benefits do not only arise for demand-pull shifters, who take up better paid non-farm employment, but also for distress-push shifters, whose incentive to engage in low-paid non-farm activities is to raise aggregate household income. Finally, the decision-making process itself will form the focus of a behaviour model. It also follows the logic of rational choice and can be integrated into the discussion of a synthesis of concepts for the analysis of NFRE. This, in turn, is meant to provide the basis for future empirical research, as well as serve as a thought-provoking impulse for policy makers.
Periodic metal resonator chains for Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS)
Creators: name: Sievers, Jan
name: Heyroth, Frank
name: Schlenker, Sven
name: Schmidt, Georg
name: Sprafke, Alexander
name: Below, Marcel
name: Reinhardt, Carsten
name: Schilling, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A periodic arrangement of chains of gold discs shows pronounced plasmonic grating resonances. These have a clear impact on the Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS)-signal from 4-methylbenzenethiol molecules which form self-assembled monolayers on the gold surface: Besides a clear polarisation dependence the SERS-spectra also exhibit a maximum when the excitation laser wavelength matches the plamonic grating resonance. These features are explained by a combined near and far field coupling of the individual plasmonic dipoles allowing the design of optimized nanostructures for effective SERS-substrates in the future.
To identity and beyond: exploring the limits of the archaeological study of identity
Creators: name: Helden, Daniël P. Van
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The concept of identity has been a focus for scholarly attention in archaeology for the last three decades. This thesis investigates the methodological problems and possibilities of the archaeological applicability of identity.By exploring the constraints on interpretation and the ways in which other disciplines, notably anthropology and social psychology, investigate the concept the epistemological boundary conditions within which archaeological interpretations of the past in terms of identity are made is sketched. Archaeology’s engagement with ‘identity’ is assessed both quantitatively and qualitatively. A quantitative analysis of the occurrence of the term ‘identity’ in six journals covering the period 1990-2018 provides a (relatively course-grained) sense of the magnitude of the discipline’s commitment of recourses to studying this subject. This quantitative analysis is complemented by a more in-depth, qualitative analysis of nine monographs dedicated to the archaeological study of identity. This analysis provides a good insight into how archaeology attempts to incorporate the concept of identity into longer studies of the past, which is contrasted with two monographs which do not apply identity. The combination of these analyses leads to the conclusion that the archaeological applicability of the concept of identity is more limited than is born out in the volume of archaeological literature that is dedicated to the subject. Fuzzy Set Theory, a mathematical approach to vagueness in categories, is proposed as a way of moving beyond the current focus on ‘identity’, whilst retaining the valuable insights that engagement with the concept has yielded. Fuzzy Set Theory enables rigorous formal analysis of data and concepts where exact boundaries are difficult to pin down exactly. This allows a host of new possibilities, from conceptual advances, through new interpretative tools, to more explicit and efficient data handling. Fuzzy Set Theory has all the potential to greatly improve archaeological investigations.
Hudson, Grover (Ed.): Essays on Gurage Language and Culture
Creators: name: Kropp, Manfred
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 83 (1999): Oriens christianus, Band 83
Spatial analysis in a successional perspective : a boreal mixedwood landscape in northeastern British Columbia
Creators: name: Albani, Marco
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Digital elevation models (DEMs), multitemporal Landsat TM images and forest inventory maps were use to study the spatial patterns of boreal mixedwoods in the Boreal White and Black Spruce zone of British Columbia. A Bayesian classification method was developed to produce a high resolution map of posterior probabilities of forest cover classes. The procedure employed the forest inventory maps as prior probabilities, while evidence was provided by the results of a maximum likelihood classifier applied to the satellite images. Topographic parameters, derived from the DEMs by fitting a conic surface equation, were used in a fuzzy-logic based classification to produce maps of terrain classes. A filtering technique, expressly developed to mitigate the systematic errors present, was applied to the DEMs before the classification. The resulting maps were employed to investigate the relations between terrain and vegetation using an appropriately modified version of Ivlev's electivity index. The analysis suggests that topography plays a role in the distribution of the different types of boreal mixedwood forest stands. As expected, black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) and tamarack (Larix laricina (Du Roi) K. Koch) dominated stands were strongly associated with flat areas. Hardwood dominated stands were found significantly associated with convex slopes and ridges, white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) dominated stands positively were associated with concave slopes and channels, and mixed stands were associated with neutral slopes. The forest cover maps were used to study the distribution of mixedwood and hardwood stands in relation to white spruce stands. The analysis employed a logistic regression model where topographic variables and stand age were used as covariates. The likelihood of a site being occupied by hardwoods instead of mixedwoods was found to be positively correlated with increasing distance from white spruce stands. This result suggests that the rates or the outcomes of succession in the mixedwood forest are influenced by the spatial arrangement of different stand types at the landscape level. The most likely explanation is the control of seed dispersal on white spruce seed availability in the landscape, although a direct causation cannot be inferred from this correlation analysis.
Are Citizens Willing to Pay for Agricultural Multifunctionality?
Creators: name: Kallas, Zein
name: Gomez-Limon, Jose Antonio
name: Arriaza Balmón, Manuel
name: Kallas, Zein
name: Gomez-Limon, Jose Antonio
name: Arriaza Balmón, Manuel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Agricultural multifunctionality
subject: Agricultural policy
subject: Economic valuation
subject: Choice experiment

description: Agricultural multifunctionality is the recognition of the joint exercise of economic, environmental and social functions by this sector. In order to make this concept operative for the design of public policies, it is necessary to estimate the social demand for such functions. The main objective of this article is to present an empirical application in this line. For this purpose we have taken the agricultural system of cereal steppes in Tierra de Campos (Spain) as a case study. The economic valuation technique used is the Choice Experiment. The results suggest the existence of a significant demand for the different functions, although this demand is heterogeneous, depending on the socio-economic characteristics of the individuals.
High Redshift Long Gamma-Ray Bursts Hubble Diagram as a Test of Basic Cosmological Relations
Creators: name: Shirokov, S. I.
name: Sokolov, I. V.
name: Lovyagin, N. Yu.
name: Amati, L.
name: Baryshev, Yu. V.
name: Sokolov, V. V.
name: Gorokhov, V. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 85-05

description: We examine the prospects of the high redshift Long Gamma Ray Bursts (LGRB) Hubble Diagram as a test of the basic cosmological principles. Analysis of the Hubble Diagram allows us to test several fundamental cosmological principles using the directly observed flux-distance-redshift relation. Modern LGRB data, together with the correlation between the spectral peak energy and the isotropic-equivalent radiated energy (the so-called Amati relation) can be used for construction of the Hubble Diagram at the model-independent level. We emphasise observational selection effects, which inevitably exist and distort the theoretically predicted relations. An example is the weak and strong gravitational lensing bias effect for high redshift LGRB in the presence of limited observational sensitivity (Malmquist bias). After bias correction, there is a tendency to vacuum dominated models with $Ω_Λ\rightarrow 0.9$, $Ω_\text{m} \rightarrow 0.1$. Forthcoming gamma-ray observations by the space THESEUS mission together with ground and space based multimessenger facilities will allow us to improve essentially the restrictions on alternative basic principles of cosmological models.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables, edited and references corrected, MNRAS accepted
Exact calculation of Fourier series in nonconforming spectral-element methods
Creators: name: Fournier, Aime'
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42A16; 42B05; 65M60; 65M50

description: In this note is presented a method, given nodal values on multidimensional nonconforming spectral elements, for calculating global Fourier-series coefficients. This method is ``exact'' in that given the approximation inherent in the spectral-element method (SEM), no further approximation is introduced that exceeds computer round-off error. The method is very useful when the SEM has yielded an adaptive-mesh representation of a spatial function whose global Fourier spectrum must be examined, e.g., in dynamically adaptive fluid-dynamics simulations.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, submitted to J. Comp. Phys. 2005 June 2
Financial Liberalization and Japan's Agricultural Cooperatives
Creators: name: Godo, Yoshihisa
name: Godo, Yoshihisa
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Agribusiness
Financial Economics

description: The system of agricultural cooperatives, called JA, is one of the most politically powerful organizations in Japan, and it has continuously called for agricultural protection. In spite of its importance, information on JA's banking and insurance businesses has been limited for foreign researchers because of the uniqueness and complexity of the JA system. This paper provides a clear understanding of JA's activities and explains the political dynamics in Japan's agricultural sector. Up until the early 1990s, JA could count on stable profits from its banking and insurance businesses because of the government's favorable treatment of JA. Using these profits, JA had been successfully forming farmers into a solid voting group until the mid-1990s. However, the government gradually abandoned its favorable treatment of JA in order to introduce more competition in financial markets. As a result, profitability of J's banking and insurance businesses became unstable in the mid-1990s. The mid-1990s can be regarded as the turning point of the political dynamics of Japan's agricultural sector. As JA lost stable profits, its organizing ability and political power also weakened. The political pressure for agricultural protection also decreased. Because of this decrease in political pressure, there is now a prime opportunity for the Japanese government to reform its agricultural policies. It is not agricultural market and/or trade liberalization that is providing this opportunity. Instead, financial liberalization is providing this opportunity.
Multiple topological transitions driven by the interplay of normal scattering and Andreev scattering
Creators: name: Kopasov, A. A.
name: Mel'nikov, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of multiple topological transitions for electron-hole excitations is discovered in full shell proximitized semiconducting nanowires with trapped superconducting vortices, recently shown to be a promising platform for the realization of Majorana states at moderate longitudinal magnetic fields. The mechanism of such multiple transitions is uncovered and explained to be governed by the interplay of normal and Andreev reflections from the shell and by the textured spin-orbit coupling inside the semiconductor. The extensive analysis of emerging propagating and Majorana-type evanescent quasiparticle modes in such Andreev waveguides is performed. Experimentally, these modes reveal themselves in peculiarities of charge and spin-polarized heat transport.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, 49 references
An HST Study of the Supernovae Accompanying GRB 040924 and GRB 041006
Creators: name: Soderberg, A. M.
name: Kulkarni, S. R.
name: Price, P. A.
name: Fox, D. B.
name: Berger, E.
name: Moon, D. -S.
name: Cenko, S. B.
name: Gal-Yam, A.
name: Frail, D. A.
name: Chevalier, R. A.
name: Cowie, L.
name: Da Costa, G. S.
name: MacFadyen, A.
name: McCarthy, P. J.
name: Noel, N.
name: Park, H. S.
name: Peterson, B. A.
name: Phillips, M. M.
name: Rauch, M.
name: Rest, A.
name: Rich, J.
name: Roth, K.
name: Roth, M.
name: Schmidt, B. P.
name: Smith, R. C.
name: Wood, P. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results from a {\it Hubble Space Telescope/ACS} study of the supernovae associated with gamma-ray bursts 040924 ($z=0.86$) and 041006 ($z=0.71$). We find evidence that both GRBs were associated with a SN 1998bw-like supernova dimmed by $\sim 1.5$ and $\sim 0.3$ magnitudes, respectively, making GRB 040924 the faintest GRB-associated SN ever detected. We study the luminosity dispersion in GRB/XRF-associated SNe and compare to local Type Ibc supernovae from the literature. We find significant overlap between the two samples, suggesting that GRB/XRF-associated SNe are not necessarily more luminous nor produce more $^{56}$Ni than local SNe. Based on the current (limited) datasets, we find that the two samples may share a similar $^{56}$Ni production mechanism.
description: ApJ accepted (in press). Revised version. High-resolution figures available at http://www.astro.caltech.edu/~ams/GRB-SNe.html
Household Demand for Fruits and Vegetables in Rural and Urban South-Western Nigeria
Creators: name: Ibe, Rebecca
name: Rahji, Mohammed
name: Adeoti, Adetola
name: Adenegan, Kemisola
name: Ibe, Rebecca
name: Rahji, Mohammed
name: Adeoti, Adetola
name: Adenegan, Kemisola
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Fruits, vegetables
subject: household demand
subject: demand elasticity
subject: quadratic almost ideal demand system

description: In spite of the enormous benefits of fruits and vegetables, studies have shown that their consumption in Nigeria is far below the recommended daily intake therefore, this study investigated the factors influencing the demand for fruits and vegetables among households in rural and urban South-western Nigeria. Data were sourced from 152 rural and 259 urban households, respectively with the aid of a semi-structured questionnaire and were analysed using descriptive statistics and the quadratic almost ideal demand system model. Household size and location, sex and years of education of household heads influenced the demand for fruits and vegetables. Both rural and urban households considered the demand for fruits and vegetables to be luxury goods. Rural households were more responsive to changes in own-prices of fruits and vegetables than their urban counterpart. Fruits and vegetables were “net substitutes” in the rural and “complements” in the urban.
Rice Price Stabilization in Madagascar: Price and Welfare Implications of Variable Tariffs
Creators: name: Dorosh, Paul A.
name: Minten, Bart
name: Dorosh, Paul A.
name: Minten, Bart
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Food Policy
subject: Price Stabilization
subject: Trade
subject: sub-Saharan Africa

description: Given the large share of major staples in the budgets of the poor, governments in many developing countries intervene in food markets to limit variation in the prices of staple foods. This paper examines the recent experience of Madagascar in stabilizing prices through international trade and the implications of adjustments in tariff rates. Using a partial equilibrium model, we quantify the overall costs and benefits of a change in import duties for various household groups, and compare this intervention to a policy of targeted food transfers or security stocks.
Hydraulic/Shock-Jumps in Protoplanetary Disks
Creators: name: Boley, A. C.
name: Durisen, R. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we describe the nonlinear outcome of spiral shocks in protoplanetary disks. Spiral shocks, for most protoplanetary disk conditions, create a loss of vertical force balance in the post-shock region and result in rapid expansion of the gas perpendicular to the disk midplane. This expansion has characteristics similar to hydraulic jumps, which occur in incompressible fluids. We present a theory to describe the behavior of these hybrids between shocks and hydraulic jumps (shock bores) and then compare the theory to three-dimensional hydrodynamics simulations. We discuss the fully three-dimensional shock structures that shock bores produce and discuss possible consequences for disk mixing, turbulence, and evolution of solids.
description: 39 pages, 18 figures, 1 table. Edited to match as closely as possible the ApJ proofs, which resulted in the correction of several typos. In addition, section 5.3 was slightly altered because an error in an analysis tool was discovered; the differences between the entropy gradient method and the Schwarzschild criterion method are minor. Figure 18 now only includes what was Figure18a
Spin-orbit coupled spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate flow past an obstacle in the presence of a Zeeman field
Creators: name: Zhu, Qing-Li
name: Pan, Lihua
name: An, Jin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of a Rashba spin-orbit coupled spin-1 ferromagnetic Bose-Einstein condensate under a linear Zeeman magnetic field(ZF) disturbed by a moving obstacle. The Bogoliubov excitation spectrums and corresponding critical excitations in different situations are analyzed. The structure of the coreless vortex or antivortex generated by the moving obstacle has been investigated. When the ZF is applied along x direction, the vortex cores for the three components of a(an) vortex(antivortex) could be arranged into a vertical line, and their order would be reversed as the spin-orbit coupling increases. When the ZF is parallel to z direction, a skyrmion-like vortex ground state could be induced even by a static obstacle. This topological structure is also found to be dynamically stable if the obstacle is moving at a relatively small velocity.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Matrix representation of evolving networks
Creators: name: Malarz, K.
name: Kulakowski, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the distance matrix evolution for different types of networks: exponential, scale-free and classical random ones. Statistical properties of these matrices are discussed as well as topological features of the networks. Numerical data on the degree and distance distributions are compared with theoretical predictions.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures in 14 eps files, presented at the First Polish Symposium on Econo- and Sociophysics, Warsaw, Nov. 19-20, 2004
On the Statistical Significance
Creators: name: Zhu, Yongsheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A definition for the statistical significance by constructing a correlation between the normal distribution integral probability and the p-value observed in an experiment is proposed, which is suitable for both counting experiment and continuous test statistics.
description: 3 pages, 1 table
Phantom-like behaviour in dilatonic brane-world scenario with induced gravity
Creators: name: Bouhmadi-Lopez, Mariam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Dvali, Gabadadze and Porrati (DGP) model has a self-accelerating solution, the positive branch, where the brane is asymptotically de Sitter. A de Sitter space-time can be seen as a boundary between quintessence-like behaviour and phantom-like behaviour. We show that in a 5D dilatonic bulk, where the dilaton has an exponential potential, with an induced gravity term on the brane, whose matter content corresponds only to vacuum energy, the positive branch solution undergoes a phantom-like stage where it faces a curvature singularity in its infinite future. The singularity can be interpreted as the ``big rip'' singularity pushed towards an infinite future cosmic time. The phantom-like behaviour on the brane occurs without violating the null energy condition. There is another solution, the negative branch, where the brane can undergo an early-epoch (transient) inflationary phase induced by the dilaton field.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures, RevTeX 4. References added. Version to appear in NPB
Simulating Farm Household Poverty: From Passive Victims to Adaptive Agents
Creators: name: Schreinemachers, Pepijn
name: Berger, Thomas
name: Schreinemachers, Pepijn
name: Berger, Thomas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: Existing microeconomic models for simulating poverty heavily rely on static projection from statistical inference. When used for simulation these models tend to conceive farm households as passive victims and thereby underestimate their resilience and adaptive capacity. Farming systems research has much to contribute to the research on poverty by bringing in a detailed understanding of farm household decision-making, which directly relates to their adaptive capacity. This paper presents a novel methodology to simulate poverty dynamics using a farming systems approach. The methodology is based on mathematical programming of farm households but adds three innovations: First, poverty levels are quantified by including a three-step budgeting system, including a savings model, a Working-Leser model, and an Almost Ideal Demand System. Second, the model is extended with a disinvestment model to simulate farm household coping strategies to food insecurity. Third, multi-agent systems are used to tailor each mathematical program to a real-world household and so to capture the heterogeneity of opportunities and constraints at the farm level as well as to quantify the distributional effects of change. An empirical application to Uganda illustrates the methodology. The method opens exciting new prospects for applying farming systems research and multi-agent systems to poverty analysis and the ex ante assessment of alternative policy interventions.
Modified semiclassical approximation for trapped Bose gases
Creators: name: Yukalov, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A generalization of the semiclassical approximation is suggested allowing for an essential extension of its region of applicability. In particular, it becomes possible to describe Bose-Einstein condensation of a trapped gas in low-dimensional traps and in traps of low confining dimensions, for which the standard semiclassical approximation is not applicable. The results of the modified approach are shown to coincide with purely quantum-mechanical calculations for harmonic traps, including the one-dimensional harmonic trap. The advantage of the semiclassical approximation is in its simplicity and generality. Power-law potentials of arbitrary powers are considered. Effective thermodynamic limit is defined for any confining dimension. The behaviour of the specific heat, isothermal compressibility, and density fluctuations is analyzed, with an emphasis on low confining dimensions, where the usual semiclassical method fails. The peculiarities of the thermodynamic characteristics in the effective thermodynamic limit are discussed.
description: Revtex file, 13 pages
Ullendorf, Edward: From the Bible to Enrico Cerulli
Creators: name: Kropp, Manfred
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 83 (1999): Oriens christianus, Band 83
Why Do We Need a General Agreement on Movements of People (GAMP)?
Creators: name: Straubhaar, Thomas
name: Straubhaar, Thomas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: International Relations/Trade
Labor and Human Capital

description: This paper argues that global games need global rules. Times of globalisation call for an international framework to regulate efficiently international movements of people. More than ever before, migration is a global phenomenon. This paper discusses the economic necessity of a shift from national migration policies to an international regime. My suggestions go into the direction of a GAMP - a General Agreement on Movements of People. This labour market analogy to the GATT (WTO) and GATS is intended to provide an international regime for the movement of people across national borders. It proceeds from the conviction that in general the free international movement of people - like the free movement of goods and capital - is beneficial to all parties involved (i.e. the migrants, the country of origin and the country of destination). Consequently, it aims first and foremost at a liberalisation of the movement of people and for general acceptance of the free entry and exit of migrants. However, it should also provide an instrument for internalising externalities provoked by international migration. To avoid brain drain effects in the sending areas and congestion effects in the receiving areas it might be wise to impose a migration fee that makes exit and entry more expensive. Während GATT und GATS und damit die WTO den Welthandel regulieren, und es für den internationalen Geld- und Kapitalverkehr Institutionen wie die BIZ, den IMF oder die Weltbank gibt, fehlt für den Bereich der internationalen Migration eine analoge internationale Behörde (diese Lücke vermögen auch die ILO und die IOM nicht zu füllen). Dieses Diskussionspapier deckt die ökonomische Notwendigkeit für ein GAMP (General Agreement on Movements of People) auf und skizziert dessen Inhalte. GAMP wird von der Überzeugung geleitet, dass die internationale Freizügigkeit für Arbeitskräfte genauso vorteilhaft ist wie der internationale Freihandel für Güter. Andererseits entstehen mit der internationalen Migration externe Effekte in Form eines Brain Drains im Herkunftsland und in Form von Ballungs- und Verdrängungseffekten im Aufnahmeland. Um diese negativen Auswirkungen zu internalisieren, wird vorgeschlagen, eine zweckgebundene Migrationsabgabe zu erheben.
Two-body quantum mechanical problem on spheres
Creators: name: Shchepetilov, Alexey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 43A85, 22E70, 57S25, 70G65

description: The quantum mechanical two-body problem with a central interaction on the sphere ${\bf S}^{n}$ is considered. Using recent results in representation theory an ordinary differential equation for some energy levels is found. For several interactive potentials these energy levels are calculated in explicit form.
description: 41 pages, no figures, typos corrected; appendix D was added
Size and temperature effects on physiological traits in arthropods
Creators: name: JESSICA LAUREN HOSKINS
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 50101 Ecological Impacts of Climate Change
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 50103 Invasive Species Ecology

description: This thesis examines two of the most important aspects affecting biodiversity in arthropods, temperature and body size. It examines how traits scale with body size and how variability in environmental and experimental temperatures affect physiological traits.