cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Optimal temperature distribution for a nonisothermal Cahn--Hilliard system with source term
Creators: name: Colli, Pierluigi
name: Gilardi, Gianni
name: Signori, Andrea
name: Sprekels, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optimal control
subject: nonisothermal Cahn--Hilliard equation
subject: thermal memory
subject: Cahn--Hilliard equation with source term
subject: Cahn--Hilliard--Oono equation
subject: 35K55
subject: 35K51
subject: 49J20
subject: 49K20
subject: 49J50

description: In this note, we study the optimal control of a nonisothermal phase field system of Cahn--Hilliard type that constitutes an extension of the classical Caginalp model for nonisothermal phase transitions with a conserved order parameter. The system couples a Cahn--Hilliard type equation with source term for the order parameter with the universal balance law of internal energy. In place of the standard Fourier form, the constitutive law of the heat flux is assumed in the form given by the theory developed by Green and Naghdi, which accounts for a possible thermal memory of the evolution. This has the consequence that the balance law of internal energy becomes a second-order in time equation for the thermal displacement or freezing index, that is, a primitive with respect to time of the temperature. Another particular feature of our system is the presence of the source term in the equation for the order parameter, which entails additional mathematical difficulties because the mass conservation of the order parameter, typical of the classic Cahn--Hilliard equation, is no longer satisfied. In this paper, we analyze the case that the double-well potential driving the evolution of the phase transition is differentiable, either (in the regular case) on the whole set of reals or (in the singular logarithmic case) on a finite open interval; nondifferentiable cases like the double obstacle potential are excluded from the analysis. We prove the Fréchet differentiability of the control-to-state operator between suitable Banach spaces for both the regular and the logarithmic cases and establish the solvability of the corresponding adjoint systems in order to derive the associated first-order necessary optimality conditions for the optimal control problem. Crucial for the whole analysis to work is the so-called ``strict separation property'', which states that the order parameter attains its values in a compact subset of the interior of the effective domain of the nonlinearity. While this separation property turns out to be generally valid for regular potentials in three dimensions of space, it can be shown for the logarithmic case only in two dimensions.
Estimating Reflectance Layer from A Single Image: Integrating Reflectance Guidance and Shadow/Specular Aware Learning
Creators: name: Jin, Yeying
name: Li, Ruoteng
name: Yang, Wenhan
name: Tan, Robby T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Estimating the reflectance layer from a single image is a challenging task. It becomes more challenging when the input image contains shadows or specular highlights, which often render an inaccurate estimate of the reflectance layer. Therefore, we propose a two-stage learning method, including reflectance guidance and a Shadow/Specular-Aware (S-Aware) network to tackle the problem. In the first stage, an initial reflectance layer free from shadows and specularities is obtained with the constraint of novel losses that are guided by prior-based shadow-free and specular-free images. To further enforce the reflectance layer to be independent of shadows and specularities in the second-stage refinement, we introduce an S-Aware network that distinguishes the reflectance image from the input image. Our network employs a classifier to categorize shadow/shadow-free, specular/specular-free classes, enabling the activation features to function as attention maps that focus on shadow/specular regions. Our quantitative and qualitative evaluations show that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in the reflectance layer estimation that is free from shadows and specularities. Code is at: \url{https://github.com/jinyeying/S-Aware-network}.
description: Accepted to AAAI2023, https://github.com/jinyeying/S-Aware-network
On KP-integrable Hurwitz functions
Creators: name: Alexandrov, A.
name: Mironov, A.
name: Morozov, A.
name: Natanzon, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: There is now a renewed interest to the Hurwitz tau-function, counting the isomorphism classes of Belyi pairs, arising in the study of equilateral triangulations and Grothiendicks's dessins d'enfant. It is distinguished by belonging to a particular family of Hurwitz tau-functions, possessing conventional Toda/KP integrability properties. We explain how the variety of recent observations about this function fits into the general theory of matrix model tau-functions. All such quantities possess a number of different descriptions, related in a standard way: these include Toda/KP integrability, several kinds of W-representations (we describe four), two kinds of integral (multi-matrix model) descriptions (of Hermitian and Kontsevich types), Virasoro constraints, character expansion, embedding into generic set of Hurwitz tau-functions and relation to knot theory. When approached in this way, the family of models in the literature has a natural extension, and additional integrability with respect to associated new time-variables. Another member of this extended family is the Itsykson-Zuber integral.
description: 21 pages
Additional file 2 of Clinical variability of equine asthma phenotypes and analysis of diagnostic steps in phenotype differentiation
Creators: name: Meiseberg, Lia Kristin
name: Delarocque, Julien
name: de Buhr, Nicole
name: Ohnesorge, Bernhard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Scoring system used for endoscopic examination of the lower respiratory tract within the clinic as published by Fey and Venner, 2017. Scores from 0-5 for the accumulation of mucus were partly adapted from Gerber et al, 2004.
Women As Lector and Acolyte
Creators: name: Ambrose, Merlin Rengith
Publisher: name: NomoK@non
Year: 2023

description: ABSTRACT Pope Francis changed canon law and liturgical norms to allow women to be formally installed as lectors and acolytes, acknowledging the gifts of each baptized person. Laity who meets the age and qualification requirements can be a lector or an acolyte under the prescribed liturgical rite. Women will be able to partake more effectively in the work of evangelization in the church if these offices, which involve stability, public recognition, and a bishop's mandate, are also granted to them. For decades, women and girls have been lectors at Mass and altar servers. Women and men were allowed to perform those functions by temporary designation under Canon 230, paragraph 2, but it was not a formally and stably instituted ministry. The “General Instruction of the Roman Missal” stipulates: “The acolyte is instituted for service at the altar and to assist the priest and deacon. It is his place principally to prepare the altar and the sacred vessels and, if necessary, to distribute the Eucharist to the faithful as an extraordinary minister.” The lector is instituted to proclaim the readings from sacred Scripture, with the exception of the Gospel. He may also announce the intentions for the universal prayer and, in the absence of a psalmist, recite the Psalm between the readings, the instruction prescribes. A study of this new amendment and its legal provision enabling women to be stably instituted as lectors and acolytes is presented in the article. Additionally, it highlights the historical development and clarifies the role of ministries in the Church.
description: NomoK@non, Fachartikel
Black Holes and Biophysical (Mem)-branes
Creators: name: Armas, Jay
name: Harmark, Troels
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that the effective theory describing the long-wavelength dynamics of black branes is the same effective theory that describes the dynamics of biophysical membranes. We improve the phase structure of higher-dimensional black rings by considering finite thickness corrections in this effective theory, showing a striking agreement between our analytical results and recent numerical constructions while simultaneously drawing a parallel between gravity and the effective theory of biophysical membranes.
description: v2: 5pp, 3 figures, improved introduction, to be published in PRD
Exhaustive investigation of the duration of inflation in effective anisotropic loop quantum cosmology
Creators: name: Linsefors, Linda
name: Barrau, Aurelien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article addresses the issue of estimating the duration in inflation in bouncing cosmology when anisotropies, inevitably playing an important role, are taken into account. It is shown that in Bianchi-I loop quantum cosmology, the higher the shear, the shorter the period of inflation. In a range of parameters, the probability distribution function of the duration of inflation is however peaked at values compatible with data, but not much higher. This makes the whole bounce/inflationary scenario consistent and phenomenologically appealing as all the information from the bounce might then not have been fully washed out.
description: 9 pagaes, 6 figures
P4Testgen: An Extensible Test Oracle For P4
Creators: name: Ruffy, Fabian
name: Liu, Jed
name: Kotikalapudi, Prathima
name: Havel, Vojtěch
name: Tavante, Hanneli
name: Sherwood, Rob
name: Dubina, Vladyslav
name: Peschanenko, Volodymyr
name: Sivaraman, Anirudh
name: Foster, Nate
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present P4Testgen, a test oracle for the P4$_{16}$ language. P4Testgen supports automatic test generation for any P4 target and is designed to be extensible to many P4 targets. It models the complete semantics of the target's packet-processing pipeline including the P4 language, architectures and externs, and target-specific extensions. To handle non-deterministic behaviors and complex externs (e.g., checksums and hash functions), P4Testgen uses taint tracking and concolic execution. It also provides path selection strategies that reduce the number of tests required to achieve full coverage. We have instantiated P4Testgen for the V1model, eBPF, PNA, and Tofino P4 architectures. Each extension required effort commensurate with the complexity of the target. We validated the tests generated by P4Testgen by running them across the entire P4C test suite as well as the programs supplied with the Tofino P4 Studio. Using the tool, we have also confirmed 25 bugs in mature, production toolchains for BMv2 and Tofino.
Additional file 6 of Clinical variability of equine asthma phenotypes and analysis of diagnostic steps in phenotype differentiation
Creators: name: Meiseberg, Lia Kristin
name: Delarocque, Julien
name: de Buhr, Nicole
name: Ohnesorge, Bernhard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 6. Results from the blood examinations grouped in diagnoses. All values were in normal limits and group comparisons did not reveal any significant group differences. Dunnett’s post-hoc test of total plasma protein (measured via refractometry) showed a significant difference between healthy and sEA (adj. P=0.02), which may be attributed to the trend of higher fibrinogen levels in sEA horses (adj. P=0.0591). There was also a non-significant trend of lower eosinophils with disease severity (healthy vs. sEA, adj. P=0.0777). However, since results were all within the reference values and group sizes limited, findings do not seem to be beneficial for clinical diagnostics. (Abbr.: Adj. P = adjusted P-value, EA=equine asthma, sEA=severe EA).
Spectral gap estimates for some block matrices
Creators: name: Veselic, Ivan
name: Veselic, Kresimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We estimate the size of the spectral gap at zero for some Hermitian block matrices. Included are quasi-definite matrices, quasi-semidefinite matrices (the closure of the set of the quasi-definite matrices) and some related block matrices which need not belong to either of these classes. Matrices of such structure arise in quantum models of possibly disordered systems with supersymmetry or graphene like symmetry. Some of the results immediately extend to infinite dimension.
description: 31 pages, 4 figures
Atmospheric dispersion management in the mid-IR mode-locked oscillators
Creators: name: Sorokin, Evgeni
name: Rudenkov, Alexander
name: Kalashnikov, Vladimir
name: Sorokina, Irina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The atmospheric dispersion in the mid-infrared transparency windows presents and important albeit frequently neglected factor when developing ultra-short pulsed lasers. We show that it can amount to hundreds of fs^2 in 2-3 micron window with typical laser round-trip path lengths. Using the Cr:ZnS ultrashort-pulsed laser as a test-bed, we demonstrate the atmospheric dispersion influence on a femtosecond and chirped-pulse oscillator performance and show that the humidity fluctuations can be compensated by active dispersion control, greatly improving stability of mid-IR few-optical cycle laser sources. The approach can be readily extended to any ultrafast source in the mid-IR transparency windows.
description: 7 pags, 5 figures
Additional file 3 of Clinical variability of equine asthma phenotypes and analysis of diagnostic steps in phenotype differentiation
Creators: name: Meiseberg, Lia Kristin
name: Delarocque, Julien
name: de Buhr, Nicole
name: Ohnesorge, Bernhard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. Results from the clinical examination and clinical scoring of the individual horses grouped in diagnoses. (Abbr.: EA=equine asthma, RR=respiratory rate).
Coarsening dynamics of binary Bose condensates
Creators: name: Hofmann, Johannes
name: Natu, Stefan S.
name: Sarma, S. Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of domain formation and coarsening in a binary Bose-Einstein condensate that is quenched across a miscible-immiscible phase transition. The late-time evolution of the system is universal and governed by scaling laws for the correlation functions. We numerically determine the scaling forms and extract the critical exponents that describe the growth rate of domain size and autocorrelations. Our data is consistent with inviscid hydrodynamic domain growth, which is governed by a universal dynamical critical exponent of $1/z = 0.68(2)$. In addition, we analyze the effect of domain wall configurations which introduce a nonanalytic term in the short-distance structure of the pair correlation function, leading to a high-momentum "Porod"-tail in the static structure factor, which can be measured experimentally.
Effective-energy budget in multiparticle production in nuclear collisions
Creators: name: Mishra, Aditya Nath
name: Sahoo, Raghunath
name: Sarkisyan, Edward K. G.
name: Sakharov, Alexander S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dependencies of charged particle pseudorapidity density and transverse energy pseudorapidity density at midrapidity on the collision energy and on the number of nucleon participants, or centrality, measured in nucleus-nucleus collisions are studied in the energy range spanning a few GeV to a few TeV per nucleon. The model in which the multiparticle production is driven by the dissipating effective energy of participants is introduced. The model is based on the earlier proposed approach, combining the constituent quark picture together with Landau relativistic hydrodynamics shown to interrelate the measurements from different types of collisions. Within this model, the dependence on the number of participants in heavy-ion collisions are found to be well described in terms of the effective energy defined as a centrality-dependent fraction of the collision energy. For both variables under study, the effective energy approach reveals a similarity in the energy dependence obtained for the most central collisions and centrality data in the entire available energy range. Predictions are made for the investigated dependencies for the forthcoming higher energy measurements in heavy-ion collisions at the LHC.
description: Regular article, Replaced with published version
ABJ(M) Chiral Primary Three-Point Function at Two-loops
Creators: name: Young, Donovan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the leading correction to the structure constant for the three-point function of length-two chiral primary operators in planar ABJ(M) theory at weak 't Hooft coupling.
description: 14 pages. v2 corrected error in eq. (19) affecting the results in eq. (16) and (17)
How does your gyroid grow?: A mesoatomic perspective on supramolecular, soft matter network crystals
Creators: name: Grason, Gregory M.
name: Thomas, Edwin L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a framework to understand supramolecular network crystals formed in soft matter in terms of mesoatomic building blocks, collective groupings of amphiphilic molecules that play a role analogous to atomic or molecular subunits of hard matter crystals. While the concept of mesoatoms is intuitive and widely invoked in crystalline arrangements of sphere- or cylinder-like (micelle-like) domains, analogous notions of physically meaningful building blocks of triply periodic network crystals, like the double-gyroid or double-diamond structures are obscured by the complex, bicontinuous domain shapes and intercatenated topologies of the double networks. Focusing on the example of diblock copolymer melts, we propose generic rules for decomposing triply-periodic network crystals into a unique set of mesoatomic building blocks, leading to mesoatomic volumes that are non-convex and bound by smoothly curved faces, unlike the more familiar polyhedral shapes associated with sphere- and cylinder-like mesoatoms. We analyze the shapes of these mesoatoms, their internal structure and importantly their local packing with neighbor mesoatomic units. Hypothesizing that mesoatoms are kinetically favored intermediate structures whose local shapes and packing template network crystal assembly on long time scales, we propose and study a minimal energetic model of mesoatom assembly for three different cubic double-network crystals, which predicts a detailed picture for kinetics of intercatenation and surface growth. We discuss potential extensions and elaborations of the mesoatomic description of supramolecular soft matter network crystals, experimental observations of malleable mesoatomic units in the precursor sponge phase as well as in ordered cubic networks, as well as possibilities for observing mesoatoms in primordial, pre-crystalline states.
description: 18 figures + supporting movie (link at manuscript end)
Type Ia Supernova Colors and Ejecta Velocities: Hierarchical Bayesian Regression with Non-Gaussian Distributions
Creators: name: Mandel, Kaisey S.
name: Foley, Ryan J.
name: Kirshner, Robert P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate the statistical dependence of the peak intrinsic colors of Type Ia supernovae (SN Ia) on their expansion velocities at maximum light, measured from the Si II 6355 spectral feature. We construct a new hierarchical Bayesian regression model, accounting for the random effects of intrinsic scatter, measurement error, and reddening by host galaxy dust, and implement a Gibbs sampler and deviance information criteria to estimate the correlation. The method is applied to the apparent colors from BVRI light curves and Si II velocity data for 79 nearby SNe Ia. The apparent color distributions of high (HV) and normal velocity (NV) supernovae exhibit significant discrepancies for B-V and B-R, but not other colors. Hence, they are likely due to intrinsic color differences originating in the B-band, rather than dust reddening. The mean intrinsic B-V and B-R color differences between HV and NV groups are 0.06 +/- 0.02 and 0.09 +/- 0.02 mag, respectively. A linear model finds significant slopes of -0.021 +/- 0.006 and -0.030 +/- 0.009 mag/(1000 km/s) for intrinsic B-V and B-R colors versus velocity, respectively. Since the ejecta velocity distribution is skewed towards high velocities, these effects imply non-Gaussian intrinsic color distributions with skewness up to +0.3. Accounting for the intrinsic color-velocity correlation results in corrections to A_V extinction estimates as large as -0.12 mag for HV SNe Ia and +0.06 mag for NV events. Velocity measurements from SN Ia spectra have potential to diminish systematic errors from the confounding of intrinsic colors and dust reddening affecting supernova distances.
description: accepted for publication in ApJ; expanded analysis & discussion, results unchanged
Homotopy theory of G-diagrams and equivariant excision
Creators: name: Dotto, Emanuele
name: Moi, Kristian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $G$ be a finite group acting on a small category $I$. We study functors $X \colon I \to \mathscr{C}$ equipped with families of compatible natural transformations that give a kind of generalized $G$-action on $X$. Such objects are called $G$-diagrams. When $\mathscr{C}$ is a sufficiently nice model category we define a model structure on the category of $G$-diagrams in $\mathscr{C}$. There are natural $G$-actions on Bousfield-Kan style homotopy limits and colimits of $G$-diagrams. We prove that weak equivalences between point-wise (co)fibrant $G$-diagrams induce weak $G$-equivalences on homotopy (co)limits. A case of particular interest is when the indexing category is a cube. We use homotopy limits and colimits over such diagrams to produce loop and suspension spaces with respect to permutation representations of $G$. We go on to develop a theory of enriched equivariant homotopy functors and give an equivariant "linearity" condition in terms of cubical $G$-diagrams. In the case of $G$-topological spaces we prove that this condition is equivalent to Blumberg's notion of $G$-linearity. In particular we show that the Wirthmüller isomorphism theorem is a direct consequence of the equivariant linearity of the identity functor on $G$-spectra.
description: 47 pages
title: The fate of the world’s largest carnivores: understanding declines and recoveries
Creators: name: Johnson, Thomas Frederick
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2023

description: Humans are reliant on biodiversity and the ecosystem services that biodiversity provides. However, the status of biodiversity is unclear, with reports of both declines and recoveries, suggesting a new complex biodiversity change narrative. Large carnivores are a perfect example of this complex narrative. On one side, there are extensive reports of declines, but more recently, some populations appear to be recovering and expanding their range. In this thesis, I use interdisciplinary approaches covering evolutionary biology, biodiversity science, data science, and social science to explore influences of biodiversity change, specifically understanding declines and recoveries in these large carnivore species. I start by introducing the current literature on biodiversity change and the status of large carnivores, highlighting weaknesses in the available methods and data. In Chapter 2, I review one of the methodological weaknesses – approaches for handling missing trait values – providing some recommendations and warnings. In Chapter 3, I addressed known data biases in large carnivore population trends and build a new dataset obtained from an extensive and systematic search of the literature for population data. In Chapter 4, I develop a trait-based model exploring environmental and anthropogenic factors influencing large carnivore population trends and describe the status of the carnivore guild. Findings show diverse factors influence population change, but that this guild has and will remain relatively stable between 1970 and 2050. These results provide optimism for the status of large carnivores, and biodiversity more generally. However, I suspect our model failed to capture important characteristics on human perceptions and tolerances of carnivores, which could impact their population status. As a result, in Chapter 5, I develop a machine learning text classifier to measure public opinions of nature from social media. This, or tools like it, could be effective at capturing these previously undetected tolerance features at a global scale. Finally, chapter 6 summarises the collective thesis findings and offers my thoughts on the status of large carnivores and biodiversity change research.
Proximity effect in PbTe-Pb hybrid nanowire Josephson junctions
Creators: name: Zhang, Zitong
name: Song, Wenyu
name: Gao, Yichun
name: Wang, Yuhao
name: Yu, Zehao
name: Yang, Shuai
name: Jiang, Yuying
name: Miao, Wentao
name: Li, Ruidong
name: Chen, Fangting
name: Geng, Zuhan
name: Zhang, Qinghua
name: Meng, Fanqi
name: Lin, Ting
name: Gu, Lin
name: Zhu, Kejing
name: Zang, Yunyi
name: Li, Lin
name: Shang, Runan
name: Feng, Xiao
name: Xue, Qi-Kun
name: He, Ke
name: Zhang, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semiconductor-superconductor hybrid nanowires are a leading material platform for the realization of Majorana zero modes. The semiconductors in previous studies are dominantly InAs or InSb. In this work, we show the induced superconductivity in a PbTe nanowire epitaxially coupled to a superconductor Pb. The Josephson junction device based on this hybrid reveals a gate-tunable supercurrent in the open regime and a hard superconducting gap in the tunneling regime. By demonstrating the superconducting proximity effect, our result can enable Majorana searches and other applications like gate-tunable qubits in a new semiconductor system.
description: Raw data and processing codes within this paper are available at: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7398019
Effect of Inter-Adatoms Correlations on the Local Density of States of Graphene
Creators: name: Seridonio, A. C.
name: Kristinsson, K.
name: de Souza, M.
name: Souza, F. M.
name: Guessi, L. H.
name: Machado, R. S.
name: Shelykh, I. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss theoretically the local density of states (LDOS) of a graphene sheet hosting two distant adatoms located at the center of the hexagonal cells. By putting laterally a Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) tip over a carbon atom, two remarkable novel effects can be detected: i) a multilevel structure in the LDOS and ii) beating patterns in the induced LDOS. We show that both phenomena occur nearby the Dirac points and are highly anisotropic. Furthermore, we propose conductance experiments employing STM as a probe for the observation of such exotic manifestations in the LDOS of graphene induced by inter-adatoms correlations.
Additional file 1 of Toward a roadmap for sustainable lean adoption in hospitals: a Delphi study
Creators: name: Van Zyl-Cillié, Maria M.
name: van Dun, Desirée H.
name: Meijer, Hanneke
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Neuroscience
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1.  Delphi study survey questions
Additional file 4 of Leveraging gene correlations in single cell transcriptomic data
Creators: name: Silkwood, Kai
name: Dollinger, Emmanuel
name: Gervin, Joshua
name: Atwood, Scott
name: Nie, Qing
name: Lander, Arthur D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 4: Figure S2. Significance of modified corrected Pearson correlation coefficients,, as calculated by BigSur versus the Fisher formula, binned by gene expression. scRNAseq data were as described in Fig. 3. Data points representing pairs of genes were divided into 21 bins based on the mean expression levels of each gene, and the results for each bin were plotted as in Fig. S1. The inset compares the PCC′-p value relationship determined by BigSurwith that predicted by the Fisher formula, showing that, for highly expressed genes, the two methods agree well.
Specular reflection and transmission of electromagnetic waves by disordered metasurfaces
Creators: name: Vynck, Kevin
name: Pitelet, Armel
name: Bellando, Louis
name: Lalanne, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Planar, disordered assemblies of small particles incorporated in layered media -- sometimes called ``disordered metasurfaces'' in the recent literature -- are becoming widespread in optics and photonics. Their ability to scatter light with exotic angular and spectral features in reflection and transmission, as well as their suitability to scalable fabrication techniques, makes them promising candidates for certain applications, ranging from thin-film photovoltaics to visual appearance design. This chapter introduces the basic concepts and theoretical models for the specular (a.k.a. coherent) reflectance and transmittance of electromagnetic waves by disordered metasurfaces. After describing the classical scattering formalism for discrete media, we establish known analytical expressions for the reflection and transmission coefficients of disordered particle monolayers on layered substrates. Two classical models, based on the independent scattering approximation (ISA) and the effective field approximation (EFA), are presented. Their accuracy is examined by comparing predictions with those obtained from rigorous full-wave computations using an in-house multiple-scattering code. This chapter may serve as a starting point to students and researchers who wish to dive into the topic and explore the potential of disordered metasurfaces for applications.
description: Original authors' version (prior to peer review and editing). 7 figures
Implementation of a local principal curves algorithm for neutrino interaction reconstruction in a liquid argon volume
Creators: name: Back, J. J.
name: Barker, G. J.
name: Boyd, S. B.
name: Einbeck, J.
name: Haigh, M.
name: Morgan, B.
name: Oakley, B.
name: Ramachers, Y. A.
name: Roythorne, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A local principal curve algorithm has been implemented in three dimensions for automated track and shower reconstruction of neutrino interactions in a liquid argon time projection chamber. We present details of the algorithm and characterise its performance on simulated data sets.
description: 14 pages, 17 figures; typing correction to Eq 5, the definition of the local covariance matrix
Permutation classes and polyomino classes with excluded submatrices
Creators: name: Battaglino, Daniela
name: Bouvel, Mathilde
name: Frosini, Andrea
name: Rinaldi, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This article introduces an analogue of permutation classes in the context of polyominoes. For both permutation classes and polyomino classes, we present an original way of characterizing them by avoidance constraints (namely, with excluded submatrices) and we discuss how canonical such a description by submatrix-avoidance can be. We provide numerous examples of permutation and polyomino classes which may be defined and studied from the submatrix-avoidance point of view, and conclude with various directions for future research on this topic.
description: Second version taking into account referees' suggestions, and correcting some inaccuracies of the first version
One-photon wavepacket interacting with two separated atoms in a one-dimensional waveguide: Influence of virtual photons
Creators: name: Derouault, S.
name: Bouchene, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical study of one photon wave-packet scattered by two atoms in one dimensional waveguide. We investigate the role of non rotating wave approximation terms to take into account correctly for the effects of the virtual photons that are exchanged between the atoms. These terms are shown to influence drastically the reflected and the transmitted fields, imposing strict constraints on their temporal envelopes.
description: 30 pages,3 figures
Theory of Point Contact Spectroscopy in Correlated Materials
Creators: name: Lee, Wei-Cheng
name: Park, Wan Kyu
name: Arham, Hamood Z.
name: Greene, Laura H.
name: Phillips, Philip W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a microscopic theory for the point-contact conductance between a metalic electrode and a strongly correlated material using the non-equilibrium Schwinger-Kadanoff-Baym-Keldysh formalism. We explicitly show that in the classical limit, contact size shorter than the scattering length of the system, the microscopic model can be reduced to an effective model with transfer matrix elements that conserve in-plane momentum. We find that the conductance $dI/dV$ is proportional to the {\it effective density of states}, that is, the integrated single-particle spectral function $A(ω=eV)$ over the whole Brillouin zone. From this conclusion, we are able to establish the conditions under which a non-Fermi liquid metal exhibits a zero-bias peak in the conductance. This finding is discussed in the context of recent point-contact spectroscopy on the iron pnictides and chalcogenides which has exhibited a zero-bias conductance peak.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, submitted to PNAS, some typos are fixed
The combination of state-of-the-art signal processing and the computational intelligence paradigm for the efficient, accurate, and robust processing of nuclear reactor data
Creators: name: Tambouratzis, Tatiana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: signal processing

description: Presentation delivered at the workshop titled "Advanced Signal Processing Methods And Learning Methodologies Applied To The Monitoring Of NPP Reactor Conditions" in Rez.
Cation-ordered A$'_{1/2}$A$''_{1/2}$B$_2$X$_4$ magnetic spinels as magnetoelectrics
Creators: name: Ter-Oganessian, N. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that 1:1 ordering of A$'$ and A$''$ cations in A$'_{1/2}$A$''_{1/2}$B$_2$X$_4$ magnetic spinels results in appearance of magnetoelectric properties. Possible value of magnetically induced electric polarization is calculated using the recently proposed microscopic model, which takes into account spin-dependent electric dipole moments of magnetic ions located in noncentrosymmetric crystallographic positions. We build phenomenological models of magnetic phase transitions in cation-ordered spinels, which describe ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic ordering patterns of B cation spins, and calculate the respective magnetoelectric responses. We find that magnetoelectric coefficients diverge at ferromagnetic or weak ferromagnetic phase transitions in ordered spinels.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
The oblateness of the Milky Way dark matter halo from the stellar streams of NGC 3201, M68, and Palomar 5
Creators: name: Palau, Carles G.
name: Miralda-Escudé, Jordi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore constraints on the Milky Way dark matter halo oblateness using three stellar streams from globular clusters NGC 3201, M68, and Palomar 5. Previous constraints on the gravitational potential from dynamical equilibrium of stellar populations and distant Milky Way satellites are included. We model the dark halo as axisymmetric with axis ratio $q_ρ^{\rm h}$ and four additional free parameters of a two power-law density profile. The halo axis ratio, while barely constrained by the NGC 3201 stream alone, is required to be close to spherical by the streams of Palomar 5 ($q_ρ^{\rm h}=1.01\pm0.09$) and M68 ($q_ρ^{\rm h}=1.14^{+0.21}_{-0.14}$), the latter allowing a more prolate shape. The three streams together are well fitted with a halo axis ratio $q_ρ^{\rm h}=1.06\pm0.06$ and core radius $\sim$ 20 kpc. Our estimate of the halo shape agrees with previous studies using other observational data and is in tension with cosmological simulations predicting that most spiral galaxies have oblate dark matter halos with the short axis perpendicular to the disc. We discuss why the impact of the Magellanic Clouds tide is too small to change our conclusion on the halo axis ratio. We note that dynamical equilibrium of a spherical halo in the oblate disk potential implies an anisotropic dark matter velocity dispersion, larger along the vertical direction than the horizontal ones, which should relate to the assembly history of the Milky Way.
description: 27 pages, 11 figures
Nonlinear waves in second order conformal hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Fogaça, D. A.
name: Marrochio, H.
name: Navarra, F. S.
name: Noronha, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we study wave propagation in dissipative relativistic fluids described by a simplified set of the 2nd order viscous conformal hydrodynamic equations. Small amplitude waves are studied within the linearization approximation while waves with large amplitude are investigated using the reductive perturbation method. Our results indicate the presence of a "soliton-like" wave solution in 2nd order conformal hydrodynamics despite the presence of dissipation and relaxation effects.
Additional file 1 of Evaluation of serum irisin level and severity of erectile dysfunction in diabetic males: a cross sectional prospective study
Creators: name: Ragab, Ahmed
name: Sayed, Ahmed Reda
name: GamalEl Din, Sameh Fayek
name: Zeidan, Ashraf
name: Ewis, Faten Fathi
name: Hamed, Mostafa Ahmed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1.
Advances in precision contrast interferometry with Yb Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Jamison, Alan O.
name: Plotkin-Swing, Benjamin
name: Gupta, Subhadeep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a three-path contrast interferometer (CI) geometry and laser-pulse diffraction gratings, we create the first matter-wave interferometer with ytterbium (Yb) atoms. We present advances in contrast interferometry relevant to high-precision measurements. By comparing to a traditional atom interferometer, we demonstrate the immunity of the CI to vibrations for long interaction times (> 20 ms). We characterize and demonstrate control over the two largest systematic effects for a high-precision measurement of the fine structure constant via photon recoil with our interferometer: diffraction phases and atomic interactions. Diffraction phases are an important systematic for most interferometers using large-momentum transfer beam splitters; atomic interactions are a key concern for any BEC interferometer. Finally, we consider the prospects for a future sub-part per billion photon recoil measurement using a Yb CI.
description: 7 pages -- Reorganized and edited in response to review
AGU 2022 - Environmental Data Science Book: a community-driven resource showcasing open-source Environmental science - archive
Creators: Environmental Data Science Book Community
Alejandro Coca-Castro
Jean Iaquinta
Tom Andersson
Nick Barlow
. Scott Hosking
Anne Fouilloux
Publisher: name: Simula Research Laboratory
Year: 2022

description: This Research Object aggregates all the different Research Objects and resources used for presenting the Environmental Data Science Book at AGU 2022.

The Environmental Data Science book is a living, open and community-driven online resource to showcase and support the publication of data, research and open-source tools for collaborative, reproducible and transparent Environmental Data Science.

The Environmental Data Science is:

a book
a community
a global collaboration
We target to make sense of:

environmental systems
environmental data and sensors
innovative research in Environmental Data Science
open-source tools for Environmental Data Science
We hope you find the content in the resource helpful.

The resource and executable notebooks are free under a CC-BY licence and OSI-approved MIT license, respectively.
Approximating a flexible beam model in the Loewner framework
Creators: name: Zuyev, A.
name: Gosea, I. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 93C20, 93C80, 93A30, 93B15, 74H45, 74K10

description: The paper develops the Loewner approach for data-based modeling of a linear distributed-parameter system. This approach is applied to a controlled flexible beam model coupled with a spring-mass system. The original dynamical system is described by the Euler-Bernoulli partial differential equation with the interface conditions due to the oscillations of the lumped part. The transfer function of this model is computed analytically, and its sampled values are then used for the data-driven design of a reduced model. A family of approximate realizations of the corresponding input-output map is constructed within the Loewner framework. It is shown that the proposed finite-dimensional approximations are able to capture the key properties of the original dynamics over a given range of observed frequencies. The robustness of the method to noisy data is also investigated.
description: This is a preprint version of the paper submitted to the 2023 European Control Conference (ECC)
MPEC 2023-G25 : 2023 GC
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 GC

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Power reactor noise: from the modelling of noise sources to their effect onto the neutron flux
Creators: name: Demazière, C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: reactor noise, modeling

description: Presentation delivered at the workshop titled “Mathématiques pour la neutronique” organised at Jacques-Louis Lions Laboratory, Pierre and Marie Curie University (UPMC)/Sorbonne University, Paris.
Monte Carlo non local means: Random sampling for large-scale image filtering
Creators: name: Chan, Stanley H.
name: Zickler, Todd
name: Lu, Yue M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a randomized version of the non-local means (NLM) algorithm for large-scale image filtering. The new algorithm, called Monte Carlo non-local means (MCNLM), speeds up the classical NLM by computing a small subset of image patch distances, which are randomly selected according to a designed sampling pattern. We make two contributions. First, we analyze the performance of the MCNLM algorithm and show that, for large images or large external image databases, the random outcomes of MCNLM are tightly concentrated around the deterministic full NLM result. In particular, our error probability bounds show that, at any given sampling ratio, the probability for MCNLM to have a large deviation from the original NLM solution decays exponentially as the size of the image or database grows. Second, we derive explicit formulas for optimal sampling patterns that minimize the error probability bound by exploiting partial knowledge of the pairwise similarity weights. Numerical experiments show that MCNLM is competitive with other state-of-the-art fast NLM algorithms for single-image denoising. When applied to denoising images using an external database containing ten billion patches, MCNLM returns a randomized solution that is within 0.2 dB of the full NLM solution while reducing the runtime by three orders of magnitude.
description: submitted for publication