cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Application of the urban airshed model in the Lower Fraser Valley, British Columbia
Creators: name: Suzuki, Natalie M.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The Lower Fraser Valley (LFV) of outhwestern British Columbia is periodically subject to unacceptably high concentrations of ground-level ozone (O₃). To investigate the factors which influence elevated 0₃ concentrations in the LFV, a three-dimensional Eulerian model called the Urban Airshed Model was used to simulate an historical O₃episode which occurred between July 17-19, 1985. The results showed generally satisfactory model performance for predicted O₃ levels across the region, relative to model performance parameters established elsewhere. Peak unpaired accuracies ranged from -2% to -24% and normalized gross error ranged from 35.6-36.9% over the three-day simulation. However, there was a tendency for the model to underestimate O₃concentrations, as reflected in the normalized bias, which ranged from -29.1 to -31.3%. Spatial patterns of predicted O₃concentrations indicated that higher O₃concentrations were observed along the valley walls and tributary valleys than on the valley floor where most of the population resides. Overall model performance based on nitrogen dioxide levels was within established parameters, although concentrations were typically underestimated and performance at two stations was poor. As a further means of assessing model performance, 0three indicator species (NOy, 0₃/NOz and H₂O₂/HNO₃) were calculated to determine the ozone sensitivity of the modelled airshed. The findings suggest that with the exception of sites located far downwind of the major source region, conditions tended to be VOC-limited.
Letter from the Manager of the Royal Bank of Canada in Vernon, B.C., to the Rainbow Ranche, March 29, 1909
Creators: name: Canada, Royal Bank Of
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Letter to the Rainbow Ranche from the manager of the Royal Bank in Vernon, B.C., dated March 29, 1909, regarding Ranche registration papers, with reference to Hallett and Pixton.
Kagome quantum anomalous Hall effect with high Chern number and large band gap
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhen
name: You, Jing-Yang
name: Ma, Xing-Yu
name: Gu, Bo
name: Su, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to the potential applications in the low-power-consumption spintronic devices, the quantum anomalous Hall effect (QAHE) has attracted tremendous attention in past decades. However, up to now, QAHE was only observed experimentally in topological insulators with Chern numbers C= 1 and 2 at very low temperatures. Here, we propose three novel two-dimensional stable kagome ferromagnets Co3Pb3S2, Co3Pb3Se2and Co3Sn3Se2that can realize QAHE with high Chern number of |C|=3. Monolayers Co3Pb3S2, Co3Pb3Se2 and Co3Sn3Se2 possess the large band gap of 70, 77 and 63 meV with Curie temperature TC of 51, 42 and 46 K, respectively. By constructing a heterostructure Co3Sn3Se2/MoS2, its TC is enhanced to 60 K and the band gap keeps about 60 meV due to the tensile strain of 2% at the interface. For the bilayer compound Co6Sn5Se4, it becomes a half-metal, with a relatively flat plateau in its anomalous Hall conductivity corresponding to |C| = 3 near the Fermi level. Our results provide new topological nontrivial systems of kagome ferromagnetic monolayers and heterostructrues possessing QAHE with high Chern number |C| = 3 and large band gaps.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
A family tree of Markov models in systems biology
Creators: name: Ullah, Mukhtar
name: Wolkenhauer, Olaf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Motivated by applications in systems biology, we seek a probabilistic framework based on Markov processes to represent intracellular processes. We review the formal relationships between different stochastic models referred to in the systems biology literature. As part of this review, we present a novel derivation of the differential Chapman-Kolmogorov equation for a general multidimensional Markov process made up of both continuous and jump processes. We start with the definition of a time-derivative for a probability density but place no restrictions on the probability distribution, in particular, we do not assume it to be confined to a region that has a surface (on which the probability is zero). In our derivation, the master equation gives the jump part of the Markov process while the Fokker-Planck equation gives the continuous part. We thereby sketch a {}``family tree'' for stochastic models in systems biology, providing explicit derivations of their formal relationship and clarifying assumptions involved.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures
Expanding the Chemistry of Polyoxygenated Heterocycles
Creators: name: Zhang, Meng Yao
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2019

description: Heterocyclic compounds have undisputed significance in disciplines that stretch across chemistry and biology. The ever-growing utility of heterocyclic chemistry spans the development of therapeutic agents, catalysis and ligand design, to the preparation of chemical probes utilized in biological investigations. The chemistry described in this thesis focuses on reaction development for the generation of extensively functionalized polyoxygenated heterocycles and the incorporation of these synthetic tools in the arena of natural product synthesis. Chapter One introduces the dogma of discovering new pharmaceutical leads by acknowledging long-appreciated traditional medicinal knowledge in the context of ethnomycology. The biosynthetic analyses of several key bioactive fungal metabolites are subsequently discussed, underpinning the string of synthetic campaigns presented in this thesis. Chapter Two describes the evolution of a new synthetic method that strategically exploits the intrinsic reactivity of o-benzoquinones within the confines of dibenzofuran synthesis. The nascent idea was brought to maturity with the development of an unconventional approach whereby the target dibenzo[b,d]furan scaffold was directly constructed through the union of simple phenols/naphthols and o-benzoquinones through a Michael-oxidation-oxa-Michael sequence. The scope of this transformation was evaluated with a broad range of phenolic substrates and a tactical insertion of this methodology into a total synthesis endeavor led to a concise synthesis of two dibenzofuran natural products. Chapter Three details a nine-step synthesis of boletopsin 11, a polyoxygenated p-terphenyl dibenzofuran fungal metabolite. Our synthetic approach employs a one-pot oxidation-oxa-Michael sequence ensued by a palladium-catalyzed directed ortho-C(sp2)-H arylation reaction to forge efficiently the entirety of the carbon skeleton. Efforts directed at optimizing the latter reaction revealed a tandem ortho-C(sp2)-H arylation event-an unprecedented mode of reactivity which superseded the scope of the original methodology report. Chapter Four outlines the first total synthesis of suillusin. The molecular framework was constructed in one step using a multicatalytic Michael-benzoin condensation cascade followed by a Rubottom-Swern oxidation strategy to yield the requisite oxidation state of the skeletal framework. The successful completion of the synthesis enabled the investigation of the enantiopurity of the natural isolate and its unexplored biosynthetic origin.
Auditory Background Noise and the Effects of Virtual Reality Distraction on Pain Tolerance in College Students
Creators: name: Zeroth, Julia Ashleigh
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2014
Subjects: Distraction
Noise
Pain
Pain Management
Pain Perception
Virtual Reality

description: The present study sought to evaluate the relative efficacy of two video game distraction modalities (head-mounted display [HMD] helmet vs. television display), both with and without concurrent auditory background noise, as pain management techniques. Undergraduate students (N = 164) underwent three cold pressor trials consisting of one baseline followed by two distraction trials differing in display modality (i.e., HMD or television) in counter-balanced order. Half the sample underwent all trials in the presence of a loud, unpredictable auditory stimulus. Participants experienced marginally greater improvement in pain tolerance from baseline to videogame distraction when using the HMD. They rated pain as more intense when experienced with concurrent background noise. The effects of distraction modality on pain intensity differed for men in the noisy condition. Results suggest that video game distraction via HMD may be superior to standard video game distraction for a subgroup of people, particularly in the presence of noise.
Experimental demonstration of the suppression of optical phonon splitting in 2D materials by Raman spectroscopy
Creators: name: De Luca, Marta
name: Cartoixà, Xavier
name: Indolese, David I.
name: Martín-Sánchez, Javier
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Schönenberger, Christian
name: Trotta, Rinaldo
name: Rurali, Riccardo
name: Zardo, Ilaria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Raman spectroscopy is one of the most extended experimental techniques to investigate thin-layered 2D materials. For a complete understanding and modeling of the Raman spectrum of a novel 2D material, it is often necessary to combine the experimental investigation to density-functional-theory calculations. We provide the experimental proof of the fundamentally different behavior of polar 2D vs 3D systems regarding the effect of the dipole-dipole interactions, which in 2D systems ultimately lead to the absence of optical phonons splitting, otherwise present in 3D materials. We demonstrate that non-analytical corrections (NACs) should not be applied to properly model the Raman spectra of few-layered 2D materials, such as WSe$_{2}$ and h-BN, corroborating recent theoretical predictions [Nano Lett. 2017, 17 (6), 3758-3763]. Our findings are supported by measurements performed on tilted samples that allow increasing the component of photon momenta in the plane of the flake, thus unambiguously setting the direction of an eventual NAC. We also investigate the influence of the parity of the number of layers and of the type of layer-by-layer stacking on the effect of NACs on the Raman spectra.
description: Main text: 24 pages, 5 figures; Supplementary information: 8 pages, 4 figures
Finding trust in relational vulnerability: Interpersonal and intrapersonal influences on the intimacy process
Creators: name: Edwards, Chandra Estelle
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2014
Subjects: attachment
intimacy
mindfulness
romantic relationships

description: Theory suggests that intimacy in romantic relationships increases when one's vulnerability exposure is validated and decreases when one's partner is invalidating. Relational vulnerabilities increase vulnerable feelings for both partners and thus should be less likely to create intimacy. The present study examines whether interpersonal (vulnerability occurrence) and intrapersonal (attachment and mindfulness) factors influence couples' intimacy/distance during relational vulnerability discussions. Attachment style and mindfulness were hypothesized to moderate the effect of vulnerability occurrence on intimacy/distance during a discussion of that vulnerability. Hypotheses, tested with 81 newly married couples, were not supported. Main effects for avoidant attachment and mindfulness were found. Higher avoidant attachment predicted lower intimacy for both spouses and wives higher mindfulness predicted higher intimacy. Exploratory analysis suggested level of trust in one's partner regarding the vulnerability topic is a better indicator of vulnerability than occurrence. This research highlights the roles of mindfulness, attachment, and relational vulnerabilities in intimacy processes.
Detecting Sunyaev-Zel'dovich clusters with PLANCK: III. Properties of the expected SZ-cluster sample
Creators: name: Schaefer, Bjoern Malte
name: Bartelmann, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The PLANCK-mission is the most sensitive all-sky submillimetric mission currently being planned and prepared. Special emphasis is given to the observation of clusters of galaxies by their thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect. In this work, the results of a simulation are presented that combines all-sky maps of the thermal and kinetic SZ-effect with cosmic microwave background (CMB) fluctuations, Galactic foregrounds (synchrotron emission, thermal emission from dust, free-free emission and rotational transitions of carbon monoxide molecules) and sub-millimetric emission from planets and asteroids of the Solar System. Observational issues, such as PLANCKs beam shapes, frequency response and spatially non-uniform instrumental noise have been incorporated. Matched and scale-adaptive multi-frequency filtering schemes have been extended to spherical coordinates and are now applied to the data sets in order to isolate and amplify the weak thermal SZ-signal. The properties of the resulting SZ-cluster sample are characterised in detail: Apart from the number of clusters as a function of cluster parameters such as redshift z and total mass M, the distribution n(sigma)d sigma of the detection significance sigma, the number of detectable clusters in relation to the model cluster parameters entering the filter construction, the position accuracy of an SZ-detection and the cluster number density as a function of ecliptic latitude beta is examined.
description: 14 pages, 16 figures, 13 tables, submitted to MNRAS, 16.Feb.2006
Removal of As(V) Using an Iron-Impregnated Ion Exchange Bead
Creators: name: LeMire, Laura Ellen
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2010
Subjects: adsorption
anion ligand exchange
arsenic removal
drinking water
granular ferric oxide
iron impregnation

description: The ability of an iron-impregnated ion exchange bead (PWX5) to remove As(V) from ground water was investigated.  The effects of particle size, solution pH, As(V) concentration, competition, adsorbent concentration, temperature, iron content, and iron accessibility on removal kinetics and/or equilibrium were determined.  PWX5's performance was compared to other iron-based adsorbents, primarily Bayoxide E-33 (E-33) a granular ferric oxide, for arsenic removal performance.  All of the factors cited impacted either the amount of As(V) adsorbed or the rate of adsorption.  Stirred batch reactor data showed the rate of adsorption increased as particle size decreased and bottle point isotherm data showed As(V) adsorption maximum capacity increased with higher initial adsorbate concentration.  The presence of phosphate and silicate reduced the amount of As(V) adsorbed as did a pH > 7.0.  PWX5 is durable, rather homogeneous in size and effective at removing As(V).  It is a viable alternative to E-33 which wears more easily.
Wentzell-Freidlin Large Deviation Principle for the stochastic convective Brinkman-Forchheimer equations
Creators: name: Mohan, Manil T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This work addresses some asymptotic behavior of solutions to the stochastic convective Brinkman-Forchheimer (SCBF) equations perturbed by multiplicative Gaussian noise in bounded domains. Using a weak convergence approach of Budhiraja and Dupuis, we establish the Laplace principle for the strong solution to the SCBF equations in a suitable Polish space. Then, the Wentzell-Freidlin large deviation principle is derived using the well known results of Varadhan and Bryc. The large deviations for short time are also considered in this work. Furthermore, we study the exponential estimates on certain exit times associated with the solution trajectory of the SCBF equations. Using contraction principle, we study these exponential estimates of exit times from the frame of reference of Freidlin-Wentzell type large deviations principle. This work also improves several LDP results available in the literature for the tamed Navier-Stokes equations as well as Navier-Stokes equations with damping in bounded domains.
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing with Adults with Intellectual Disability
Creators: name: Buhler, Lynn Louise
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2014
Subjects: Case Series
EMDR
Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing
Intellectual Disability
Psychotherapy
Trauma

description: People with intellectual disability have historically been excluded from the benefits of psychotherapy, despite the higher incidence of mental illness, in general, and PTSD, in particular, in this population. It had been thought that intellectual disability precluded the cognitive and emotional ability required to participate in therapy. A growing body of literature is reporting successful application of a number of these therapies, established as empirically effective for the general population, with people with intellectual disability. Typically, minor modifications are required. Criticism continues, now based on the problem of using therapies with a population for which they have not been empirically established as effective. The current study contributes to the empirical process of establishing effectiveness of a specific trauma therapy for people with intellectual disability. It applies the EMDR therapy to six participants in a multiple-baseline, ABA, time-series experiment design. EMDR has previously been used with people with intellectual disability, reporting improved symptoms and functioning for the more than 35 cases published. For the current study, the participants were all diagnosed with PTSD and other diagnoses reflecting the emotional distress associated with histories of multi- and poly-traumatization, beginning at an early age. They received weekly assessments on multiple measures: self-report, physiological, observer ratings, and continuous actigraph recordings. Each participated for a minimum of 60 weeks, which included: an A phase, the Baseline; a B phase, the Intervention; and, a second A phase, Maintenance. After a Hiatus of six weeks, participants returned for Follow-up testing. The EMDR therapy was delivered during the Intervention phase, only. All participants lost the diagnosis of PTSD and showed emotional and functional improvement on a number of measures. The self-report measures produced the most descriptive time-series data, providing indication of change in a number of dimensions, visually interpretable from graphs of the data, included in this document. Linear regression analyses support visual analysis. Additional research in using the EMDR therapy with people with intellectual disability is recommended, with the purpose of establishing it as appropriate for use with this population. Limitations of the study are addressed.
Knudsen Diffusion in Silicon Nanochannels
Creators: name: Gruener, Simon
name: Huber, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements on helium and argon gas flow through an array of parallel, linear channels of 12 nm diameter and 200 micrometer length in a single crystalline silicon membrane reveal a Knudsen diffusion type transport from 10^2 to 10^7 in Knudsen number Kn. The classic scaling prediction for the transport diffusion coefficient on temperature and mass of diffusing species,D_He ~ sqrt(T), is confirmed over a T range from 40 K to 300 K for He and for the ratio of D_He/D_Ar ~ sqrt(m_Ar/m_He). Deviations of the channels from a cylindrical form, resolved with transmission electron microscopy down to subnanometer scales, quantitatively account for a reduced diffusivity as compared to Knudsen diffusion in ideal tubular channels. The membrane permeation experiments are described over 10 orders of magnitude in Kn, encompassing the transition flow regime, by the unified flow model of Beskok and Karniadakis.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Understanding two slopes in the pp (p\bar p) differential cross sections
Creators: name: Simonov, Yu. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments have discovered two exponents in the $pp$ elastic differential cross sections with two different slope parameters, of the order $(16-20)$~GeV$^{-2}$ and $(4-4.8)$~GeV$^{-2}$ in the regions $ -t \la 0.5 $~GeV$^2$ and $ -t \ga 1$~GeV$^2$, respectively. We suggest a simple model of the $pp$ elastic scattering with two types of particle exchanges: 1) when the exchanged particle transfers the momentum $\veQ$ from a quark of the proton $p_1$ to one quark in another proton $p_2$, producing the slope $B_1$; 2) when the transfer occurs from two quarks in the $p_1$ to two quarks in the $p_2$, giving the exponent with the slope $B_2$. The resulting amplitude is proportional to the product of the form factors of two protons, depending on $\veQ$, but with different coefficients in the cases 1) and 2). Using the only parameter - the proton charge radius $r^2_{ch}= 0.93$~fm$^2$, one obtains $B_1 = 16$~GeV$^{-2}$,~$ B_2 = 4$~GeV$^{-2}$ with the strict value of the ratio, $\frac{B_1}{B_2} = 4.0$, independent of $r_{ch}$. These predictions are surprisingly close to the data both in the $pp$ and in the $\bar p p$ differential cross sections. Comparison to experimental data and theoretical approaches is discussed, together with possible implications for the future development of the theory.
description: 9 pages,1 table
A Framework for Predicting and Controlling System-Level Properties of Agent-Based Models
Creators: name: Miner, Donald
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2010

description: An ABM is a computational model that simulates a complex system of many autonomous agents. For example, ABMs have been used to model food chains, the spread of disease, traffic situations and flocking animals. All of the behaviors in an ABM, from agent- level local interactions to system-level behaviors, emerge from local interactions, which are governed by the individual agent programs. The behavior of each individual agent in an agent-based model (ABM) is typically well understood because the agents' program has adjustable control parameters that directly modify its behaviors. However, users of ABMs do not typically have an explicit model of how the values of agent-level control parameters affect the observed system-level behavior of the ABM. Because of this lack of a model, the emergent behavior of an ABM is generally reduced to a repetitive process of guess-and- check: select new agent-level parameter values and then observe and evaluate the result. That is, the controller of the system is forced to use the agent-level parameters, which only indirectly affect the system-level behavior. This dissertation presents a domain-independent approach for modeling how changes in agent-level control parameters affect the system as a whole, and for using this model to enable a user to predict and control the behavior of the system at the system level. The approach is implemented as a learning-based framework, named the ABM Meta-modeling Framework, for defining correlations between agent-level parameter values and quantitativesystem-level behavior. Regression methods such as k-nearest neighbor, locally weighted scatterplot smoothing, and nonlinear least squares are used to predict system-level property values, given the system configuration. The mappings from agent-configuration space to system-level behavior space are then inverted with a novel approach to produce inverted predictions that suggest system configurations, given desired system-level property values. The effectiveness and flexibility of the ABM Meta-modeling Framework are demonstrated with experiments from four diverse ABMs implemented in NetLogo, a popular multi-agent programmable modeling environment.
An Investigation into the Emotional and Behavioral Profiles of Youth At Risk for Psychosis using the Behavior Assessment System for Children, Second Edition
Creators: name: Thompson, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013
Subjects: atypicality
BASC-2
clinical high-risk
prodrome
psychosis
psychosis-risk

description: Interest in predicting psychosis-risk, and psychopathology associated with risk, has grown exponentially as research has suggested a link between early intervention for psychosis and better outcomes. Researchers have identified the clinical high-risk (CHR) state as a means of identifying vulnerable individuals potentially at risk for psychosis. Although youth at CHR tend to be in need of mental health services, there is a current lack of understanding regarding the distress specifically associated with this state. Investigating various methods of assessing psychosis-specific symptoms as well as other psychosocial difficulties experienced by CHR individuals might serve to guide clinicians in the identification and treatment of this population. Within a help-seeking sample of 81 youth aged 12-22, and a subsample of 56 youth-caregiver dyads, the current study examined the types of distress associated with psychosis-risk symptoms using the Behavior Assessment System for Children, Second Edition (BASC-2). Additionally, parent and youth reports of BASC-2 atypicality, a construct designed to capture symptoms similar to those associated with the psychosis-risk, were evaluated against clinician-rated risk symptoms. Results indicated that CHR symptoms are associated with a broad range of symptoms that warrant further investigation. Findings also suggested that BASC-2 atypicality (as reported by youth and parents) may be particularly useful for the assessment of CHR symptoms, as this construct appears to be predictive of clinician-rated risk. Given this evidence for convergent validity between atypicality and risk symptoms, as well as the additional clinical information the full measure affords, the BASC-2 may be a promising tool for psychosis-risk screening.
SCENT enhanced datasets for images and text as web services
Creators: name: Valantis Tsiakos, Maria Krommyda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: This deliverable intends to describe the implementation details of the SCENT Harmonisation platform, one of the key components of the SCENT Toolbox, aiming to integrate semantically annotated data (i.e. metadata of crowd-sourced images of land cover / land use (LC/LU) elements, measurements from portable and in-situ sensors, maps, etc) provided from the different toolbox components and offer them as Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) compliant web services. The Harmonisation platform has been designed to ensure interoperability, discoverability and reusability of the citizen-science data collected in the context of the project while facilitating their integration and utilisation with in-situ data sources. Resources that have been harmonized and exposed from the platform are offered to GEOSS so as to enable their further exploitation from the global community.
Dynamical overlap fermion at fixed topology
Creators: name: JLQCD Collaboration
name: Hashimoto, S.
name: Aoki, S.
name: Fukaya, H.
name: Kanaya, K.
name: Kaneko, T.
name: Matsufuru, H.
name: Okamoto, M.
name: Onogi, T.
name: Yamada, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We launched a project to perform dymanical fermion simulations using the overlap fermion formulation for sea quarks. In order to avoid the appearace of near-zero modes of the hermitian Wilson-Dirac operator $H_W$, we introduce a pair of extra Wilson fermions with a large negative mass term. Crossing of the topological boundary is then strictly prohibited, and the topological charge is conserved during simulations. It makes the simulations substantially faster compared to the algorithms which allow the topology change. We discuss on the finite volume effects due to the fixed global topology.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, talk presented at Lattice 2006 (chiral symmetry); to appear in Proceedings of Science, PoS(LAT2006)052
A New Model for Trust and Reputation: Learning About Competence and Commitment
Creators: name: Smith, Michael James
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2009
Subjects: agents
commitment
competence
game theory
reputation
trust

description: Autonomous agents in heterogeneous, open systems face the difficult problem of es-tablishing  and maintaining beneficial relationships. Open social networks— whether com-posed  of humans, machines, or some combination— give rise to a need for modeling inter-agent  trust and reputation. A means to guard against other agents failing to meet their com-mitments  is crucial. Such environments typically have no effective mechanism for authority  or enforcement. Lacking an enforcement mechanism, a corresponding need arises for the  agents to predict the likely intentions behind, and outcomes of, potential joint actions. In  these societies, individual agents must make decisions about forming teams, committing,  and taking actions. To make these decisions, agents must estimate how well potential part-ners  will honor their commitments and succeed at their tasks.  I investigate the issues of coordinating agent interactions by developing a framework  that explicitly analyzes key components of trust, using a decision- theoretic approach. These  components of trust include competence and a strategic commitment to cooperation. I  show how agents can effectively employ techniques borrowed from non- cooperative game  theory to induce models about other agents and then apply that learned knowledge to make  decisions online.
Field, kinetic, and thermodynamic studies of magmatic assimilation in the Northern cordilleran volcanic province, northwestern British Columbia
Creators: name: Edwards, Benjamin Ralph
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis investigates the process of magmatic assimilation. Field observations, kinetic considerations, and thermodynamic calculations are used together to form a calculational model for assimilation processes in mafic magmas. Field and petrographic constraints derive from lavas within the newly defined Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province (NCVP) of northwestern British Columbia and the Yukon Territories (Chapter One). Petrographic and geochemical evidence for assimilation is common throughout the NCVP and is especially important at the Hoodoo Mountain volcanic complex (HMVC), a pair of previously unstudied alkaline to peralkaline volcanoes within the Stikine subprovince of the NCVP, in northwestern British Columbia. Chapter Two presents the geology, stratigraphy, geochronology, petrography, and geochemistry of the HMVC and discusses its chemical and physical evolution. Subglacial volcanism and magmatic assimilation are shown to be important processes in the physical and chemical evolution of the HMVC. Chapter Three reviews kinetic constraints on magmatic assimilation and the available experimental data for rates of mineral dissolution in mafic silicate melts. Published mineral dissolution experiments in basaltic melts are consistent with a time-independent dissolution mechanism. The most extensive experimental dataset (Donaldson 1985) is used to develop a model for predicting rates of mineral dissolution in basaltic silicate melts. It is shown that rates of dissolution can be simply predicted by calculating the thermodynamic driving force for the dissolution reactions (the Affinity), using the thermodynamic database of Ghiorso and Sack (1995). An existing model based soley on equilibrium thermodynamics (MELTS; Ghiorso and Sack 1995) demonstrates that crystal growth and compositional zoning are sensitive recorders of specific assimilation paths (Chapter Four). The thermodynamic database for the MELTS model is combined with the kinetic model for predicting mineral dissolution rates to produce a new model for magmatic assimilation (Chapter Five). The new model is different from preexisting models because it predicts cooling and crystallization rates implied by kinetically-controlled magmatic assimilation. Results from the new model demonstrate that magmatic assimilation processes that are controlled by kinetics operate on the time-scale of days to weeks. Given the time-scale of magma transport and volcanism, magmatic assimilation is shown to be a temporally, as well as geochemically, viable process during transport of mantle derived magmas and in the evolution of Hoodoo Mountain volcanic complex (-240 Ka).
Open string modes at brane intersections
Creators: name: Arean, Daniel
name: Ramallo, Alfonso V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study systematically the open string modes of a general class of BPS intersections of branes. We work in the approximation in which one of the branes is considered as a probe embedded in the near-horizon geometry generated by the other type of branes. We mostly concentrate on the D3-D5 and D3-D3 intersections, which are dual to defect theories with a massive hypermultiplet confined to the defect. In these cases we are able to obtain analytical expressions for the fluctuation modes of the probe and to compute the corresponding mass spectra of the dual operators in closed form. Other BPS intersections are also studied and their fluctuation modes and spectra are found numerically.
description: 58 pages, 3 figures, LaTeX;v2: typos corrected
$t$--analogs of $q$--characters of quantum affine algebras of type $E_6$, $E_7$, $E_8$
Creators: name: Nakajima, Hiraku
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B37, 14D21, 14L30, 16G20

description: We compute $t$--analogs of $q$--characters of all $l$--fundamental representations of the quantum affine algebras of type $E_6^{(1)}$, $E_7^{(1)}$, $E_8^{(1)}$ by a supercomputer. In particular, we prove the fermionic formula for Kirillov-Reshetikhin modules conjectured by Hatayama et al. (math.QA/9812022) for these classes of representations. We also give explicitly the monomial realization of the crystal of the corresponding fundamental representations of the qunatum enveloping algebras associated with finite dimensional Lie algebras of types $E_6$, $E_7$, $E_8$. These are computations of Betti numbers of graded quiver varieties, quiver varieties and determination of all irreducible components of the lagrangian subvarities of quiver varieties of types $E_6$, $E_7$, $E_8$ respectively.
description: 13 pages, 4 tables
Does Anger Predict Long-Term Criminal Recidivism in Partner Violent Men?
Creators: name: Farzan-Kashani, Julian
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2014
Subjects: anger
anger problem profiles
criminal recidivism
intimate partner violence
long-term recidivism
pathological anger

description: The main thrust of current study was to investigate the influence of anger problems on partner violent men's criminal recidivism assessed during an 8-year period after scheduled completion of treatment. Results indicated that individuals with extensive anger problems (Pathological Anger) engage in more General Violence and Nonviolent Partner abuse than those with typical anger presentations (Normal Anger). It was also demonstrated that Anger Control and Anger Expression predict long-term General Violence. The current study is the first to demonstrate that anger problems are relevant to one's likelihood of engaging in criminal recidivism in the long term. Current treatment for intimate partner violent offenders may not be adequate for individuals with pronounced anger problems. A task for future research is to investigate treatment modalities that may better serve these individuals and to further understand the role of anger and anger regulation in treatments for partner violence.
Algebra in superextensions of groups, I: zeros and commutativity
Creators: name: Banakh, T.
name: Gavrylkiv, V.
name: Nykyforchyn, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20M99, 54B20

description: Given a group $X$ we study the algebraic structure of its superextension $λ(X)$. This is a right-topological semigroup consisting of all maximal linked systems on $X$ endowed with the operation $$\mathcal A\circ\mathcal B=\{C\subset X:\{x\in X:x^{-1}C\in\mathcal B\}\in\mathcal A\}$$ that extends the group operation of $X$. We characterize right zeros of $λ(X)$ as invariant maximal linked systems on $X$ and prove that $λ(X)$ has a right zero if and only if each element of $X$ has odd order. On the other hand, the semigroup $λ(X)$ contains a left zero if and only if it contains a zero if and only if $X$ has odd order $|X|\le5$. The semigroup $λ(X)$ is commutative if and only if $|X|\le4$. We finish the paper with a complete description of the algebraic structure of the semigroups $λ(X)$ for all groups $X$ of cardinality $|X|\le5$.
Dimension reduction for thin films prestrained by shallow curvature
Creators: name: Bolanos, Silvia Jimenez
name: Lewicka, Marta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We are concerned with the dimension reduction analysis for thin three-dimensional elastic films, prestrained via Riemannian metrics with weak curvatures. For the prestrain inducing the incompatible version of the Föppl-von Kármán equations, we find the $Γ$-limits of the rescaled energies, identify the optimal energy scaling laws, and display the equivalent conditions for optimality in terms of both the prestrain components and the curvatures of the related Riemannian metrics. When the stretching-inducing prestrain carries no in-plane modes, we discover similarities with the previously described shallow shell models. In higher prestrain regimes, we prove new energy upper bounds by constructing deformations as the Kirchhoff-Love extensions of the highly perturbative, Hölder-regular solutions to the Monge-Ampere equation obtained by means of convex integration.
FACEBOOK E INSTAGRAM COMO FERRAMENTAS DE MARKETING PARA AS BIBLIOTECAS PÚBLICAS DE GOIÂNIA: MÍDIAS SOCIAIS NA PROMOÇÃO PARTICIPATIVA DE UNIDADES DE INFORMAÇÃO
Creators: name: Araújo, Vítor Paiva Machado Martins de
name: Moreira, Franciele Pereira
name: Silva, Maylda Rodrigues da
name: Vieira, Ana Paula da Fonseca
name: Oliveira, Laís Pereira de
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: Trata de um estudo sobre mídias sociais como ferramentas de marketing para as bibliotecas públicas de Goiânia. Objetiva analisar o impacto do Facebook e do Instagram na promoção participativa das referidas unidades de informação para que se possa mensurar alcance e visibilidade no diálogo entre instituição e usuário mediado pelos canais em questão. Parte da premissa de que as mídias sociais determinam os novos paradigmas da vida contemporânea, configurando as formas de interação com os diversos setores da coletividade. Justifica na necessidade de estudo das mídias mencionadas enquanto canais de relacionamento para as instituições, ligando os benefícios dos produtos e serviços às demandas pessoais, num cenário em que as tecnologias de informação e comunicação mediam as atividades diárias. Aborda os conceitos dessa órbita sustentados na revisão de literatura sobre o tema; cria páginas institucionais para a Biblioteca Estadual Pio Vargas, Biblioteca Braille José Álvares de Azevedo, Gibiteca Jorge Braga e Biblioteca Municipal Marieta Telles; contabiliza as visualizações a partir dos conteúdos publicados e constrói o panorama com base nos dados apanhados, pesquisa classificada metodologicamente como aplicada, qualiquantitativa e descritivo-exploratória. Conclui que as ferramentas utilizadas são imprescindíveis na difusão de informações, constituindo, neste caso, uma aliança que transcende o ambiente virtual. Sugere, por fim, que a tendência de interconectividade representa o fortalecimento e a ressignificação das bibliotecas públicas como equipamento social de formação, produção do pensamento e acima de tudo autonomia intelectual.
A Multicore Approach to Optimizing the RHSEG Algorithm for the IBM Cell B.E. Processor for Medical Imaging
Creators: name: Kannan, Srinivasan
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2009
Subjects: Cell Processor
RHSEG

description: Medical Image Segmentation provides detailed information about images that are not directly visible to human eye, leading to earlier diagnosis and treatment of diseases. The Recursive Hierarchical Segmentation (RHSEG) algorithm developed by Dr. J. Tilton at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center produces accurate hierarchical segmentations of medical images. As medical images are applied to 3-D body scans, a constant improvement in the speed of the segmentation process will be needed by medical practitioners to reduce turn around times for image analysis and consequently to process more images. Speed ups in application performance had consistently occurred as a result of Moore's law in single processor performance. But as single core processor performance hit the power wall, speed ups in applications application performance today need to be gained using multicore processors. The IBM Cell Processor is a multicore processor with one PowerPC processor (PPU) and 8 Synergistic Processing Units (SPU) interconnected using a ring based EIB. In this thesis, the Hierarchical Segmentation module of RHSEG algorithm for 2-D medical images is implemented on the IBM Cell Processor making use of the SPU cores. The goal of this study is to explore the scalability of parallel programming on complex image segmentation algorithms as the number of processor cores is expected to grow exponentially in the future. The performance results for this implementation of HSEG on Cell Processor SPU units are compared to results from using single core of Intel Core 2 Duo Processor on HSEG. The performance of this HSEG implementation is also studied on a hybrid multicore system composed of an IBM JS22 PowerPC blade processor coupled to a Cell B.E. Processor.
S-Track Stabilization of Heterotic de Sitter Vacua
Creators: name: Curio, Gottfried
name: Krause, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new mechanism, the S-Track, to stabilize the volume modulus S in heterotic M-theory flux compactifications along with the orbifold-size T besides complex structure and vector bundle moduli stabilization. The key dynamical ingredient which makes the volume modulus stabilization possible, is M5-instantons arising from M5-branes wrapping the whole Calabi-Yau slice. These are natural in heterotic M-theory where the warping shrinks the Calabi-Yau volume along S^1/Z_2. Combined with H-flux, open M2-instantons and hidden sector gaugino condensation it leads to a superpotential W which stabilizes S similar like a racetrack but without the need for multi gaugino condensation. Moreover, W contains two competing non-perturbative effects which stabilize T. We analyze the potential and superpotentials to show that it leads to heterotic de Sitter vacua with broken supersymmetry through non-vanishing F-terms.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures; final PRD version
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ВЛИЯНИЯ ДИГИДРОКВЕРЦЕТИНА НА АЛКОГОЛЬНУЮ ИНТОКСИКАЦИЮ СПИРТНЫХ НАПИТКОВ
Creators: name: АБРАМОВА ИРИНА МИХАЙЛОВНА
name: КАЛИНИНА АННА ГЕОРГИЕВНА
name: ГОЛОВАЧЕВА НАТАЛЬЯ ЕВГЕНЬЕВНА
name: МОРОЗОВА СВЕТЛАНА СЕМЕНОВНА
name: ГАЛЛЯМОВА ЛЮБОВЬ ПАВЛОВНА
name: ГНЕУШЕВА СВЕТЛАНА ЛЕОНИДОВНА
name: ГАЛЛЯМОВА АНАСТАСИЯ РИНАТОВНА
name: КАЙШЕВ ВЛАДИМИР ГЕОРГИЕВИЧ
Publisher: name: Пищевая промышленность
Year: 2019
Subjects: ГЕПАТОПРОТЕКТОРНЫЕ СВОЙСТВА
ДИГИДРОКВЕРЦЕТИН
СПИРТНЫЕ НАПИТКИ

description: В середине XX века появилось новое направление - теория свободнорадикальной деструкции липидного компонента клеточных мембран посредством их пероксидации (свободнорадикального окисления липидов). Возможность лабораторного детектирования продуктов свободнорадикального окисления позволила обосновать представление об антиоксидантах - веществах, в частности природных, способных при поступлении в живой организм регулировать перекисные процессы. Поиск эффективных основных и вспомогательных средств терапии заболеваний, ассоциированных со свободнорадикальной патологией биомембран, весьма актуален. Одним из природных веществ, обладающих протекторными свойствами, является дигидрокверцетин, доминирующий компонент биофлавоноидного комплекса диквертина. Фармакологические исследования показали, что дигидрокверцетин обладает не только антиоксидантными, но и капилляропротекторными свойствами, сочетающимися с противовоспалительным, гастро- и гепатопротекторным, гиполипидемическим и диуретическим действием. Проведенное исследование по интоксицированию 6 групп крыс-самцов (опытных, содержащих дегигидрокверцетин, и контрольных, без его добавки) настойкой сладкой «Самокаточка брусничная» (крепость 18 %) и настойкой полусладкой «Самокаточка черносмородиновая» (крепость 30 %) показало положительное влияние дигидрокверцетина на животных. Это подтверждается результатами поведенческих тестов, фиксирования динамики массы тела, а также величинами накопления конечных продуктов перекисного окисления липидов в гомогенатах печени. При тестировании животных в установке «Открытое поле» отмечено, что время пассивного поведения (замирания) животных достоверно снизилось в группах, получавших напитки, обогащенные дигидрокверцетином. Несмотря на невысокое его содержание - 0,01 % - в составе исследованных ликероводочных изделий, дигидрокверцетин проявляет гепатопротекторные свойства, на основании чего можно рассматривать антиоксиданты, и в частности дигидрокверцетин, как перспективную биологическую добавку при разработке рецептур спиртных напитков.