cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On The XUV Luminosity Evolution of TRAPPIST-1
Creators: name: Fleming, David P.
name: Barnes, Rory
name: Luger, Rodrigo
name: VanderPlas, Jacob T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We model the long-term XUV luminosity of TRAPPIST-1 to constrain the evolving high-energy radiation environment experienced by its planetary system. Using Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC), we derive probabilistic constraints for TRAPPIST-1's stellar and XUV evolution that account for observational uncertainties, degeneracies between model parameters, and empirical data of low-mass stars. We constrain TRAPPIST-1's mass to $m_{\star} = 0.089 \pm{0.001}$ M$_{\odot}$ and find that its early XUV luminosity likely saturated at $\log_{10}(L_{XUV}/L_{bol}) = -3.03^{+0.23}_{-0.12}$. From the posterior distribution, we infer that there is a ${\sim}40\%$ chance that TRAPPIST-1 is still in the saturated phase today, suggesting that TRAPPIST-1 has maintained high activity and $L_{XUV}/L_{bol} \approx 10^{-3}$ for several Gyrs. TRAPPIST-1's planetary system therefore likely experienced a persistent and extreme XUV flux environment, potentially driving significant atmospheric erosion and volatile loss. The inner planets likely received XUV fluxes ${\sim}10^3 - 10^4\times$ that of the modern Earth during TRAPPIST-1's ${\sim}1$ Gyr-long pre-main sequence phase. Deriving these constraints via MCMC is computationally non-trivial, so scaling our methods to constrain the XUV evolution of a larger number of M dwarfs that harbor terrestrial exoplanets would incur significant computational expenses. We demonstrate that approxposterior, an open source Python machine learning package for approximate Bayesian inference using Gaussian processes, accurately and efficiently replicates our analysis using $980\times$ less computational time and $1330\times$ fewer simulations than MCMC sampling using emcee. We find that approxposterior derives constraints with mean errors on the best fit values and $1σ$ uncertainties of $0.61\%$ and $5.5\%$, respectively, relative to emcee.
description: Accepted in ApJ, 16 pages, 7 figures
Circular Polarization of Circumstellar Water Masers around S Per
Creators: name: Vlemmings, W.
name: Diamond, P. J.
name: van Langevelde, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first circular polarization measurements of circumstellar H2O masers. Previously the magnetic field in circumstellar envelopes has been estimated using polarization observations of SiO and OH masers. SiO masers are probes of the high temperature and density regime close to the central star. OH masers are found at much lower densities and temperatures, generally much further out in the circumstellar envelope. The detection of the circular polarization of the (6_16 - 5_23) rotational transition of the H2O maser could be attributed to Zeeman splitting due to the magnetic field in the intermediate temperature and density regime. The fields inferred here agree well with predicted values for a combination of the r^{-2} dependence of a solar-type magnetic field, and the coupling of the field to the high density masing regions. We also discuss the unexpected narrowing of the circular polarization spectrum.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures; accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics Letters
Arenocoris waltli
Creators: name: Linnavuori, Rauno E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Coreidae
Arenocoris
Arenocoris waltli

description: Arenocoris waltli (Herrich-Schaeffer, 1835)
 Material examined. FARS: 10 km S Deh Bid, 2000 m a.s.l., 2 specimens, 14.viii.1996.
 Comments. In a mountain steppe. Holomediterranean, extending to Central Europe, North Africa and Central Asia.
description: Published as part of Linnavuori, Rauno E., 2012, Studies on Pyrrhocoroidea, Coreoidea and Pentatomoidea of Khuzestan and the adjacent provinces in Iran (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), pp. 67-88 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52 (1) on page 73, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5330439
Recurrence for smooth curves in the moduli space and application to the billiard flow on nibbled ellipses
Creators: name: Frączek, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37A10, 37D40, 37E35

description: In view of classical results of Masur and Veech almost every element in the moduli space of compact translation surfaces is recurrent. In this paper we focus on the problem of recurrence for elements of smooth curves in the moduli space. We give an effective criterion for the recurrence of almost every element of a smooth curve. The criterion relies on results developed by Minsky-Weiss in \cite{Mi-We}. Next we apply the criterion to the billiard flow on planar tables confined by arcs of confocal conics. The phase space of such billiard flow splits into invariant subsets determined by caustics. We prove that for almost every caustic the billiard flow restricted to the corresponding invariant set is uniquely ergodic. This answers affirmatively to a question raised by Zorich.
description: 6 figures
MOESM2 of The role of vascular mimicry as a biomarker in malignant melanoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhenhua
name: Imani, Saber
name: Shasaltaneh, Marzieh
name: Hosseinifard, Hossein
name: Zou, Linglin
name: Fan, Yu
name: Wen, Qinglian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Risk of bias graph. The overall risk of bias was regarded as low in all qualified studies, in term of the QUADAS-2 assessment.
Collision-induced galaxy formation: semi-analytical model and multi-wavelength predictions
Creators: name: Balland, Christophe
name: Devriendt, Julien E. G.
name: Silk, Joe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A semi-analytic model is proposed that couples the Press-Schechter formalism for the number of galaxies with a prescription for galaxy-galaxy interactions that enables to follow the evolution of galaxy morphologies along the Hubble sequence. Within this framework, we calculate the chemo-spectrophotometric evolution of galaxies to obtain spectral energy distributions. We find that such an approach is very successful in reproducing the statistical properties of galaxies as well as their time evolution. We are able to make predictions as a function of galaxy type: for clarity, we restrict ourselves to two categories of galaxies: early and late types that are identified with ellipticals and disks. In our model, irregulars are simply an early stage of galaxy formation. In particular, we obtain good matches for the galaxy counts and redshift distributions of sources from UV to submm wavelengths. We also reproduce the observed cosmic star formation history and the diffuse background radiation, and make predictions as to the epoch and wavelength at which the dust-shrouded star formation of spheroids begins to dominate over the star formation that occurs more quiescently in disks. A new prediction of our model is a rise in the FIR luminosity density with increasing redshift, peaking at about $z\sim 3$, and with a ratio to the local luminosity density $ρ_{L,ν} (z = z_{peak})/ ρ_{L,ν} (z = 0)$ about 10 times higher than that in the blue (B-band) which peaks near $z\sim 2$.
description: Minor changes, replaced to match accepted MNRAS version
title: The Effects of Anthracycline/Taxane Adjuvant Chemotherapy and Resistance Exercise on Body Composition, Muscle Strength, Quality of Life and Fatigue in Breast Cancer Survivors
Creators: name: Lal, Ravin
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Adjuvant chemotherapy
subject: Breast cancer
subject: Anthracycline/taxane adjuvant chemotherapy treatmen

description: Adjuvant chemotherapy treatment for breast cancer with the widely used anthracycline/taxane combination has potential myotoxic effects on skeletal muscle. More generally morbidity linked to breast cancer treatment may well be associated with physical deconditioning. Together these factors could lead to reduced muscle strength, increased fatigue and consequent decreases in quality of life. Resistance exercise offers the potential to promote improvements in muscle mass and strength, with related benefits in functional capacity and life quality in this population. The primary aims of this thesis were to investigate the effects of anthracycline/taxane adjuvant chemotherapy treatment and resistance exercise on body composition, knee muscle strength, quality of life (QoL) and perceived fatigue in women diagnosed with breast cancer. The study was designed: 1. To assess the effects of anthracycline/taxane chemotherapy on the following outcome measures in a group of volunteers following surgery for breast cancer: • whole body muscle and fat composition, • knee extension/flexion muscle strength • quality of life • perceived overall fatigue 2. To compare these outcome measures in women post chemotherapy with a group of age-matched sedentary healthy females. 3. To evaluate the effect of an individualised semi home-based 12-week resistance exercise intervention on the above variables in women with breast cancer compared to a non-exercising breast cancer control group. 4. To determine whether the changes in the above variables following the exercise intervention differs between women treated with chemotherapy compared with a healthy control group
ASCA Temperature Maps of Three Clusters of Galaxies Abell 1060, AWM7, and the Centaurus Cluster
Creators: name: Furusho, T.
name: Yamasaki, N. Y.
name: Ohashi, T.
name: Shibata, R.
name: Kagei, T.
name: Ishisaki, Y.
name: Kikuchi, K.
name: Ezawa, H.
name: Ikebe, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present two-dimensional temperature maps of three bright clusters of galaxies Abell 1060, AWM7, and the Centaurus cluster, based on multi-pointing observations with the ASCA GIS. The temperatures are derived from hardness ratios by taking into account the XRT response. For the Centaurus cluster, we subtracted the central cool component using the previous ASCA and ROSAT results, and the metallicity gradients observed in AWM7 and the Centaurus cluster were included in deriving the temperatures. The intracluster medium in Abell 1060 and AWM7 is almost isothermal from the center to outer regions with a temperature of 3.3 and 3.9 keV, respectively. The Centaurus cluster exhibits remarkable hot regions within about 30' from the cluster center showing a temperature increase of +0.8 keV from the surrounding level of 3.5 keV, and outer cool regions with lower temperatures by -1.3 keV. These results imply that a strong merger has occurred in the Centaurus in the recent 2-3 Gyr, and the central cool component has survived it. In contrast, the gas in Abell 1060 was well-mixed in an early period, which probably has prevented the development of the central cool component. In AWM7, mixing of the gas should have occurred in a period earlier than the epoch of metal enrichment.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures (including color), Latex(PASJadd.sty, PASJ95.sty), accepted for publication in PASJ. Postscript is also available at http://www-x.phys.metro-u.ac.jp/~furusho/papers.html
title: Climate Change: A Different Subjectivity?
Creators: name: Taplin, Roslyn Ellen
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Environmental art
subject: Climate change art

description: The issue of the environment first emerged as a focus in contemporary art practice in the 1970s. However, climate change art as a new direction in environmental art has only been an area of significant focus since the early 2000s. As a creative intervention, it is a reaction to the global phenomenon of the build-up of greenhouse gases in the Earth’s atmosphere, the urgent need for greater diplomatic cooperation internationally and sustained domestic policies and programs to mitigate and adapt to climate change. This doctoral research explores the role of visual art in producing new strategies to mediate the urgency of the climate change issue. My studio practice involving drawing, digital imagery, video and installation has been plaited with three lines of inquiry. First, how may contemporary art address speeches and reports associated with negotiations on climate change? Second, how may people living in varying localities and communities across the globe contribute to mitigating climate change impacts via their multiple efforts? Third, is it possible that climate change art may contribute to an altered subjectivity within viewers and some realisation of future implications of climate change and the ethics of inaction?
Additional file 1: of Prevalence, incidence, and risk factors of primary open-angle glaucoma - a cohort study based on longitudinal data from a German public health insurance
Creators: name: D. Kreft
name: G. Doblhammer
name: R. Guthoff
name: S. Frech
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S1. Prevalence by age and sex, alternative validation strategy, 2010, AOK data. Table S2. Incidence rate by age and sex, alternative validation strategy, 2011–2013, AOK data. Table S3. Results of the complete Cox-regression model, risk of incidence of POAG, 2011-2013, AOK data. Table S4. Results of the complete Cox-regression model, risk of incidence of POAG, alternative validation strategy, 2011-2013, AOK data. Table S5. Results of the complete Cox-regression model, risk of incidence of POAG, persons with diabetes excluded, 2011–2013, AOK data. Table S6. Results of the complete Cox-regression model, risk of incidence of POAG, persons with (prior or later) primary angle-closure glaucoma (H40.2) and secondary glaucoma (H40.3–6) excluded, 2011–2013, AOK data. (DOCX 1680 kb)
An SDSS Survey For Resolved Milky Way Satellite Galaxies I: Detection Limits
Creators: name: Willman, Beth
name: Dalcanton, Julianne
name: Ivezic, Zeljko
name: Jackson, Tom
name: Lupton, Robert
name: Brinkmann, Jon
name: Henessy, Greg
name: Hindsley, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the detection limits of a new survey for resolved low surface brightness satellite galaxies to the Milky Way, based on the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). Our survey exploits SDSS's major strengths (multi-color photometry, depth, large-scale, and uniformity) by combining filter smoothing with limits in both magnitude and color space to search for low surface brightness galaxies and stellar counterparts to the Compact High Velocity Clouds out to the Milky Way's virial radius (350 kpc). Our calculated detection limits for a purely old stellar population vary with galaxy size and distance between mu_{V,0} = 26.7 and 30.1 mag/sq ''. These limits will allow us to detect systems whose surface brightnesses are .5-3.9 mag/sq '' fainter than Sextans, the lowest surface brightness Local Group member known. Our survey not only is sensitive to lower surface brightness stellar populations than possible with previous Local Group surveys, but will also allow us to make an unbiased and well defined assessment of the completeness of the observed Local Group galaxy luminosity function, so that we may compare the results with the predictions of various structure formation scenarios.
description: 12 pages, 6 Figures, accepted for publication in AJ
title: Rethinking Indigenous Autonomism in Latin America
Creators: name: Gaitan-Barrera, Alejandra
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Autonomy in Latin America
subject: Indigenous movements, Latin America
subject: Council of Miskitu Elders in Mosquitia (Nicaragua)
subject: Arauco-Malleco Coordinating Committee in Wallmapu (Chile)

description: This thesis contributes to a broader scholarly understanding of how indigenous movements in Latin America articulate autonomy. One of the central objectives of this research is to address a simple, yet often either assumed or unheeded, question: what does the indigenous subject want? What are the distinct meanings behind the political projects put forward by indigenous movements in the region? How do they envision their liberation from the current systems of oppression? And, most importantly, how do they define concepts such as “self-determination” and “autonomy”? These questions are central to understanding the nuanced transformative processes that indigenous peoples in Latin America have set into motion. In this sense, this thesis will demonstrate that far from homogenous, each movement, according to its own lived experiences of colonization and settlement, national building processes, local history, as well as cultural and political imaginaries and collective memories, conceives autonomy in a different way. Out of these distinct articulations of autonomy, this thesis argues there are two movements at the forefront of an unheeded and overlooked autonomist project: the Council of Miskitu Elders in Mosquitia (Nicaragua) and the Arauco-Malleco Coordinating Committee in Wallmapu (Chile).
ВАЖНОСТЬ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ЧИТАТЕЛЬСКОЙ ГРАМОТНОСТИ В ПОЛИКУЛЬТУРНОМ МИРЕ
Creators: name: Каримова, Мохира
name: Акрамова, Гулихон
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: В современном поликультурном обществе, где взаимодействие между различными культурами становится все более интенсивным, читательская грамотность приобретает ключевое значение. Этот статья обсуждает важность формирования навыков чтения и понимания информации в многонациональной и многокультурной среде.
The Expected Mass Function for Low Mass Galaxies in a CDM Cosmology: Is There a Problem?
Creators: name: Chiu, Weihsueh A.
name: Gnedin, Nickolay Y.
name: Ostriker, Jeremiah P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that the mass function for_halos_ in CDM cosmology is a relatively steep power law for low masses, possibly too steep to be consistent with observations. But how steep is the_galaxy_ mass function? We have analyzed the stellar and gas mass functions of the first massive luminous objects formed in a ΛCDM universe, as calculated in the numerical simulation described in Gnedin (2000ab). We found that while the dark matter mass function is steep, the stellar and gas mass functions are flatter for low mass objects. The stellar mass function is consistently flat at the low mass end. Moreover, while the gas mass function follows the dark matter mass function until reionization at z~7, between z=7 and z=4, the gas mass function also flattens considerably at the low mass end. At z=4, the gas and stellar mass functions are fit by a Schechter function with α~ -1.2 +/- 0.1, significantly shallower than the dark matter halo mass function and consistent with some recent observations. The baryonic mass functions are shallower because (a) the dark matter halo mass function is consistent with the Press-Schechter formulation at low masses n(M) M^-2 and (b) heating/cooling and ionization processes appear to cause baryons to collect in halos with the relationship M_b M_d^4 at low masses. Combining (a) and (b) gives n(M_b) M_b^-5/4, comparable to the simulation results. Thus, the well known observational fact that low mass galaxies are underabundant as compared to expectations from numerical dark matter simulations or Press-Schechter modeling of CDM universes emerges naturally from these results, implying that perhaps no ``new physics'' beyond the standard model is needed.
description: Submitted to ApJ, 17 pages including 6 figures
Physical vacuum and cosmic coincidence problem
Creators: name: Chernin, Arthur D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A framework is suggested in which the energy integrals of the Friedmann cosmology are identified as genuine time-independent physical characteristics for both vacuum and non-vacuum forms of cosmic energy. The integrals are found to be numerically coincident within two orders of magnitude. It is assumed that this coincidence reveals a symmetry that relates vacuum to non-vacuum forms of cosmic energy at fundamental level. The symmetry shows the well-known cosmic coincidence problem and the naturalness problem as two inter-related aspects of a more general problem: Why are the energy integrals numerically coincident and equal to $ \sim 10^{60} M_{Pl}^{-1}$? A simple kinetics model of cosmological freeze out is used to examine how -- at least, in principle -- the electroweak scale physics might explain the nature of the symmetry between vacuum and non-vacuum cosmic energies and determine the value of the energy integrals in terms of the fundamental energy scales.
description: Conference proceedings, 12 pages, LaTeX, no figure, for correspondence chernin@sai.msu.ru
Rapidly Evolving Circularly Polarized Emission during the 1994 Outburst of GRO J1665-40
Creators: name: Macquart, J-P
name: Wu, K.
name: Sault, R. J.
name: Hannikainen, D. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the detection of circular polarization during the 1994 outburst of the Galactic microquasar GRO J1655-40. The circular polarization is clearly detected at 1.4 and 2.4GHz, but not at 4.8 and 8.4GHz, where its magnitude never exceeds 5 mJy. Both the sign and magnitude of the circular polarization evolve during the outburst. The time dependence and magnitude of the polarized emission can be qualitatively explained by a model based on synchrotron emission from the outbursts, but is most consistent with circular polarization arising from propagation effects through the relativistic plasma surrounding the object.
description: 8 pages, 3 figs., A&A accepted
Rhopalus rufus Schilling 1829
Creators: name: Linnavuori, Rauno E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Rhopalidae
Rhopalus
Rhopalus rufus

description: Rhopalus rufus Schilling, 1829
 Material examined. FARS: Estahban, 1710 m a.s.l., 1 specimen, 10.–11.vi.1996.
 Comments. In a mountain meadow. Holomediterranean, extending to Central Europe and the Middle East (Turkey, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon). Rhopalus rufus was first recorded from Iran in duplicity by SAMIN et al. (2011) and SAKENIN et al. (2011) from Kurdestan: Sanandaj; confirmed occurrence in Iran.
description: Published as part of Linnavuori, Rauno E., 2012, Studies on Pyrrhocoroidea, Coreoidea and Pentatomoidea of Khuzestan and the adjacent provinces in Iran (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), pp. 67-88 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52 (1) on page 71, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5330439
Additional file 1: of Aerosol immunization by alginate coated mycobacterium (BCG/MIP) particles provide enhanced immune response and protective efficacy than aerosol of plain mycobacterium against M.tb. H37Rv infection in mice
Creators: name: Puja Nagpal
name: Kesarwani, Ashwani
name: Sahu, Parul
name: Upadhyay, Pramod
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Information. (DOC 801 kb)
Sampling scheme for neuromorphic simulation of entangled quantum systems
Creators: name: Czischek, Stefanie
name: Pawlowski, Jan M.
name: Gasenzer, Thomas
name: Gärttner, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to the complexity of the space of quantum many-body states the computation of expectation values by statistical sampling is, in general, a hard task. Neural network representations of such quantum states which can be physically implemented by neuromorphic hardware could enable efficient sampling. A scheme is proposed which leverages this capability to speed up sampling from so-called neural quantum states encoded by a restricted Boltzmann machine. Due to the complex network parameters a direct hardware implementation is not feasible. We overcome this problem by considering a phase reweighting scheme for sampling expectation values of observables. Applying our method to a set of paradigmatic entangled quantum states we find that, in general, the phase-reweighted sampling is subject to a form of sign problem, which renders the sampling computationally costly. The use of neuromorphic chips could allow reducing computation times and thereby extend the range of tractable system sizes.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
Phosphatherium escuilliei Gheerbrant, Sudre & Cappetta 1996
Creators: name: Tabuce, Rodolphe
name: Delmer, Cyrille
name: Gheerbrant, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Proboscidea
Numidotheriidae
Phosphatherium
Phosphatherium escuilliei

description: PHOSPHATHERIUM ESCUILLIEI
In a vertical section of an upper molar, the enamel is 500–900-µm thick. The Schmelzmuster is two-layered, with radial enamel in the outer zone and HSB in the inner one (Fig. 2A). The HSB represent more than 85% of the enamel thickness, and they start immediately at the EDJ. In some areas, HSB reach the OES. HSB start either perpendicular to the EDJ or with a little inclination; the bands can run straight outwards but they are frequently bent. The HSB are of variable width: they vary from three to more than 20 prisms; the bands are generally larger near the EDJ. Bifurcations of HSB occur in the entire thickness of the enamel. A tangential section of an upper molar shows pronounced undulations of the HSB (Fig. 2B). Band bifurcations occur dominantly with the changes of direction of the HSB.
 At the prism level, Phosphatherium shows the following zonation: a very thin layer (6–23 µm) of prismless enamel in the outermost part (Fig. 1B), thin zones of round prisms near both the OES and EDJ (Fig. 1D), and thick intermediate zones of densely packed basally opened prisms that constitute the typical keyhole pattern (Fig. 1C). In this prism type, which is observed in 60% of the enamel thickness, the prisms are arranged in horizontal rows and in alternating positions. The prisms can be very compressed in the ‘ginkgo-tree-leaf ’ pattern (Kosawa, 1978; Koenigswald & Sander, 1997). In this cross-section pattern, open prism sheaths touch each other and the remaining IPM is incorporated into the ‘tails’ of the prisms (Koenigswald et al., 1993). In inner and outer zones, where prisms sheaths are closed and round, the IPM envelops the prisms; IPM crystallites show the same orientation to the long axis of prisms. The diameter of the prisms varies from 5 to 8 µm.
description: Published as part of Tabuce, Rodolphe, Delmer, Cyrille & Gheerbrant, Emmanuel, 2007, Evolution of the tooth enamel microstructure in the earliest proboscideans (Mammalia), pp. 611-628 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 149 (4) on page 614, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00272.x, http://zenodo.org/record/5429204
Identifying Gamma-Ray Burst Remnants Through Positron Annihilation Radiation
Creators: name: Furlanetto, Steven
name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We model the annihilation of relic positrons produced in a gamma-ray burst (GRB) after its afterglow has faded. We find that the annihilation signal from at least one GRB remnant in the Milky Way galaxy should be observable with future space missions such as INTEGRAL and EXIST, provided that the gas surrounding the GRB source has the typical density of the interstellar medium, < 1 cm^-3. Three fortunate circumstances conspire to make the signal observable. First, unlike positrons in a standard supernova, the GRB positrons initially travel at a relativistic speed and remain ahead of any non-relativistic ejecta until the ejecta become rarefied and the annihilation time becomes long. Second, the GRB remnant remains sufficiently hot (T > 5 x 10^5 K) for a strong annihilation line to form without significant smearing by three-photon decay of positronium. Third, the annihilation signal persists over a time longer than the average period between GRB events in the Milky Way galaxy.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, submitted to ApJL (fixed Latex figure referencing)
Optimal thermoelectricity with quantum spin-Hall edge states
Creators: name: Gresta, Daniel
name: Real, Mariano
name: Arrachea, Liliana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the thermoelectric properties of a Kramers pair of helical edge states of the quantum spin Hall effect coupled to a nanomagnet with a component of the magnetization perpendicular to the direction of the spin-orbit interaction of the host. We show that the transmission function of this structure has the desired qualities for optimal thermoelectric performance in the quantum coherent regime. For a single magnetic domain there is a power generation close to the optimal bound. In a configuration with two magnetic domains with different orientations, pronounced peaks in the transmission functions and resonances lead to a high figure of merit. We provide estimates for the fabrication of this device with HgTe quantum-well topological insulators.
description: main 4 pages (without references) and 5 figures, a supplemental material of 5 pages and 7 figures. v3
title: Geotechnical Aspects of the Bangkok MRT Blue Line Project
Creators: name: Surarak, Chanaton
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mohr Coulomb Model
subject: Hardening soil model
subject: Soft soil model
subject: Tunnelling
subject: Geology, Bangkok

description: This dissertation is on the geotechnical aspects of the completed Bangkok MRT Blue Line Project and its extension which is currently under design. There were 18 cut and cover subway stations and nearly 22 km of tunnels constructed by the use of earth pressure balanced shield tunnel boring machines. The soil profile model up to depths of 60 to 65 m consists of seven layers: Weathered Crust and Backfill Material; Very Soft to Soft Bangkok Clay; Medium Stiff Clay; Stiff to Hard Clay; Medium Dense to Very Dense Sand; Very Stiff to Hard Clay; and Very Dense Sand. The strength and deformation characteristics of the Bangkok subsoils are determined from laboratory tests (mainly oedometer and triaxial tests) and in-situ field tests (such as vane tests and pressuremeter tests). Additionally, the small strain behaviour is also investigated using Bender element tests in the laboratory and cross hole seismic tests in the field. The soil parameters needed for the deformation analyses are determined for the Mohr Coulomb Model, Soft Soil Model, Hardening Soil Model, and the Hardening Soil Model with Small Strain Stiffness.
Bell's Theorem and Locally-Mediated Reformulations of Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Wharton, K. B.
name: Argaman, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bell's Theorem rules out many potential reformulations of quantum mechanics, but within a generalized framework, it does not exclude all "locally-mediated" models. Such models describe the correlations between entangled particles as mediated by intermediate parameters which track the particle world-lines and respect Lorentz covariance. These locally-mediated models require the relaxation of an arrow-of-time assumption which is typically taken for granted. Specifically, some of the mediating parameters in these models must functionally depend on measurement settings in their future, i.e., on input parameters associated with later times. This option (often called "retrocausal") has been repeatedly pointed out in the literature, but the exploration of explicit locally-mediated toy-models capable of describing specific entanglement phenomena has begun only in the past decade. A brief survey of such models is included here. These models provide a continuous and consistent description of events associated with spacetime locations, with aspects that are solved "all-at-once" rather than unfolding from the past to the future. The tension between quantum mechanics and relativity which is usually associated with Bell's Theorem does not occur here. Unlike conventional quantum models, the number of parameters needed to specify the state of a system does not grow exponentially with the number of entangled particles. The promise of generalizing such models to account for all quantum phenomena is identified as a grand challenge.
description: 61 pages, 2 figures; accepted for publication by Rev. Mod. Phys
Sequentially Refined Latin Hypercube Designs: Reusing Every Point
Creators: name: Xu, Jin
name: Chen, Jiajie
name: Z. G. Qian, Peter
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: The use of iteratively enlarged Latin hypercube designs for running computer experiments has recently gained popularity in practice. This approach conducts an initial experiment with a computer code using a Latin hypercube design and then runs a follow-up experiment with additional runs elaborately chosen so that the combined design set for the two experiments forms a larger Latin hypercube design. This augmenting process can be repeated multiple stages, where in each stage the augmented design set is guaranteed to be a Latin hypercube design. We provide a theoretical framework to put this approach on a firm footing. Numerical examples are given to corroborate the derived theoretical results. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Additional file 1: of MCDA-based deliberation to value health states: lessons learned from a pilot study
Creators: name: Gansen, Fabia
name: Klinger, Julian
name: Rogowski, Wolf
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Guidelines for interviews with moderators and software operators. Interview guidelines translated from German to English. (PDF 83 kb)
A young protoplanetary disk in the Bok globule CB26?
Creators: name: Launhardt, R.
name: Sargent, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present sub-arcsecond resolution millimeter-wave images of a circumstellar disk in the Bok globule CB26. The presence of an edge-on disk is confirmed by the dust continuum morphology and the velocity field of 13CO emission, which displays a Keplerian rotation pattern about an axis perpendicular to the long axis of the dust emission. We deduce a mass ~0.3 Msun for the obscured central star. The disk is optically thick at mm wavelengths inside 120 AU, has a symmetric 20 degree warp beyond 120 AU, an outer radius of ~200 AU, and a mass of at least 0.1 Msun. We suggest that the CB26 system is in an intermediate stage between deeply embedded protostellar accretion disks and the more evolved, perhaps protoplanetary, disks around T Tauri stars.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Accepted by ApJ Letters
Practical figures of merit and thresholds for entanglement distribution in quantum networks
Creators: name: Khatri, Sumeet
name: Matyas, Corey T.
name: Siddiqui, Aliza U.
name: Dowling, Jonathan P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Before global-scale quantum networks become operational, it is important to consider how to evaluate their performance so that they can be built to achieve the desired performance. We propose two practical figures of merit for the performance of a quantum network: the average connection time and the average largest entanglement cluster size. These quantities are based on the generation of elementary links in a quantum network, which is a crucial initial requirement that must be met before any long-range entanglement distribution can be achieved and is inherently probabilistic with current implementations. We obtain bounds on these figures of merit for a particular class of quantum repeater protocols consisting of repeat-until-success elementary link generation followed by joining measurements at intermediate nodes that extend the entanglement range. Our results lead to requirements on quantum memory coherence times, requirements on repeater chain lengths in order to surpass the repeaterless rate limit, and requirements on other aspects of quantum network implementations. These requirements are based solely on the inherently probabilistic nature of elementary link generation in quantum networks, and they apply to networks with arbitrary topology.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures. v2: extensively revised and rewritten. Title and abstract modified; added a section on overcoming the repeaterless rate limit; modified statement of Theorem 1. v3: minor changes to match the published version
Riptortus linearis
Creators: name: Linnavuori, Rauno E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Alydidae
Riptortus
Riptortus linearis

description: Riptortus linearis (Fabricius, 1775)
 Material examined. KHUZESTAN: near Ahvaz, Karun river, 1 specimen, 10.–11.vi.2006.
 Comments. On shore of a river. Known from Iran, Iraq, China, Japan, Taiwan, the Oriental and Australian Regions.
description: Published as part of Linnavuori, Rauno E., 2012, Studies on Pyrrhocoroidea, Coreoidea and Pentatomoidea of Khuzestan and the adjacent provinces in Iran (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), pp. 67-88 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52 (1) on page 73, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5330439
title: Elephant conservation conflicts: the role of emotion, morals, and perceptions
Creators: name: Hammond, Niall L
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: human-wildlife conflict
subject: compassionate conservation
subject: animal welfare
subject: social media

description: The conservation of iconic wildlife is increasingly perceived as for the global good and therefore requires support from a diverse range of stakeholders. Although conservation and animal welfare groups agree on the need to help wildlife, differing opinions on conservation goals often lead to polarised debate. Conflict between conservation and animal welfare frequently centres on what should be prioritised and what is acceptable. Given the current funding shortfall, conservationists are critical that funding for ex-situ or animal welfare issues does not deliver significant benefits for biodiversity, and therefore, in-situ conservation projects should be prioritised. Similarly, animal welfare advocates take issue with conservation actions that negatively impact individual animals for the good of populations or ecosystems. The use of lethal control in conservation often leads to controversy as it brings the trade-off between the interests of individual animals, populations, and habitats into focus. Using elephants as a focal species, this thesis explores conflict between conservationists and animal welfare advocates over the management of elephants. Animal welfare advocates have criticised conservationists for lacking empathy and moral concern for individuals. At the same time, conservationists criticise animal welfare advocates for caring too much for individuals at the expense of biodiversity, being overly emotional, and not understanding the realities of conservation. To understand the relevance of these criticisms in conservation and animal welfare debates, I investigate the role of emotions, utilitarian morals, and perceptions of issues in explaining elephant conservation conflicts. [...]
Coriomeris affinis
Creators: name: Linnavuori, Rauno E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Coreidae
Coriomeris
Coriomeris affinis

description: Coriomeris affinis (Herrich-Schaeffer, 1839)
 Material studied. FARS: Khaneh Zenyan, 1 specimen, 13.–14.vi.2003.
 Comments. In a steppe. Holomediterranean, extending to the Middle East.
description: Published as part of Linnavuori, Rauno E., 2012, Studies on Pyrrhocoroidea, Coreoidea and Pentatomoidea of Khuzestan and the adjacent provinces in Iran (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), pp. 67-88 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 52 (1) on page 73, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5330439
Mosasaurinae Gervais 1853
Creators: name: Caldwell, M. W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Mosasauridae

description: (MOSASAURINAE)   The illustrated specimen (Fig. 5A, B) is a fragment of the right dentary of the one of the geologically youngest known mosasaurs [there are some potentially younger mosasaur fossils (Jagt, 2005) but they are nowhere as complete as this specimen], a large prognathodontid found less than 2 m below the Cretaceous–Tertiary boundary along the Waipara River, New Zealand (Welles & Gregg, 1971). The crosssectional view (Fig. 5A, B) presents the distinct tissue types described by Caldwell et al. (2003): fibrolamellar bone of the TBE, woven-fibre bone of the alveolar process lining the alveolus, the root cement, the cementcovered dentine root, the pulp cavity, the crown and a resorption pit with a developing tooth crown deep within the resorption crypt.
 This specimen (CM ZFR 108) presents important ontogenetic information. First, the diameter of the developing tooth crown is substantially larger than the diameter of the resorption pit at its upper limit. In other words, the crown was substantially smaller when resorption was initiated but has been developing within the resorption crypt as resorption has proceeded. Secondly, it appears that at this stage of development, at least in this species of Prognathodon, only the enamel portion of the crown is present (while all teeth develop in the manner, i.e. enamel cap first, the unusual aspect in this case is that the cap is deeply set down into the resorption crypt). The dentine tissues are not yet present as an ossified matrix, indicating that prior to its descent into the resorption crypt, the only mineralized portion of the tooth is the enamel crown. Thirdly, resorption appears to affect only alveolar bone and the root cement; the bone of the dentary appears not to be undergoing resorption. Additionally, resorption has created such a substantial erosional surface into the root cementum that an overhang or crypt is formed.
description: Published as part of Caldwell, M. W., 2007, Ontogeny, anatomy and attachment of the dentition in mosasaurs (Mosasauridae: Squamata), pp. 687-700 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 149 (4) on page 695, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00280.x, http://zenodo.org/record/5429368
MOESM4 of Serum biomarkers of delirium in the elderly: a narrative review
Creators: name: Toft, Katharina
name: Tontsch, Janna
name: Abdelhamid, Salim
name: Steiner, Luzius
name: Siegemund, Martin
name: Hollinger, Alexa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4: Table S4 Sensitivity and specificity analysis of inflammatory biomarkers and biomarkers of metabolism that could assist in diagnosing delirium and in assessing delirium risk.
title: Extraordinary Decisions® Network-Derived Social Capital as a Survival Strategy on Routes Through the Sahara Desert
Creators: name: Tuominen Szabo, Daniel W
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: extraterritorial
subject: international relations
subject: high-risk migration
subject: political science

description: This thesis examines how migrants have sought to develop and use network social capital as a survival strategy on high risk migration routes a nd to facilitate integration into their host society. It focuses on the Sahara Desert context, which has been increasingly marked by intensified enforcement and risk to migrants amid the European Union’s externalisation of migration control policies, actin g with sending and transiting third countries in the African Union. The thesis draws on original field research involving interviews with 101 migrants who had the experience of travelling high risk migration routes through the Sahara Desert. It also draws on interviews with 16 humanitarian organisation staff members working with migrants in these regions. Respondents identified several factors motivating efforts to derive network social capital that were central to their survival approaches. Leading factors included having limited resources, having no contacts at the intended destinations, lacking knowledge of migration routes, travelling alone and vulnerability to authorities, human smugglers and other actors. Each of these factors spurs them to derive network social capital in ways that include forming groups, humanitarian organisations, human smugglers, informal labour networks, social networking applications and the support of kinship connections. This thesis thus makes a significant contribution to the understanding of migrant agency, challenging some still prevailing views of migrants as primarily threats or victims and instead presenting migrants as resilient survivors. It also situates their exercise of agency within the broader empirical and theoretic al framework of increasing state securitisation of migration and their growing extraterritorial enforcement efforts. It works to advance understanding of the full implications of such policies while providing a fine grained counter narrative on them from migrants’ contextually situated perspectives.