cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The role of stochastic and smooth processes in regulating galaxy quenching
Creators: name: Kipper, Rain
name: Tamm, Antti
name: Tempel, Elmo
name: de Propris, Roberto
name: Veena, Punyakoti Ganeshaiah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galaxies can be classified as passive ellipticals or star-forming discs. Ellipticals dominate at the high end of the mass range, and therefore there must be a mechanism responsible for the quenching of star-forming galaxies. This could either be due to the secular processes linked to the mass and star formation of galaxies or to external processes linked to the surrounding environment. In this paper, we analytically model the processes that govern galaxy evolution and quantify their contribution. We have specifically studied the effects of mass quenching, gas stripping, and mergers on galaxy quenching. To achieve this, we first assumed a set of differential equations that describe the processes that shape galaxy evolution. We then modelled the parameters of these equations by maximising likelihood. These equations describe the evolution of galaxies individually, but the parameters of the equations are constrained by matching the extrapolated intermediate-redshift galaxies with the low-redshift galaxy population. In this study, we modelled the processes that change star formation and stellar mass in massive galaxies from the GAMA survey between z~0.4 and the present. We identified and quantified the contributions from mass quenching, gas stripping, and mergers to galaxy quenching. The quenching timescale is on average 1.2 Gyr and a closer look reveals support for the slow-then-rapid quenching scenario. The major merging rate of galaxies is about once per 10~Gyr, while the rate of ram pressure stripping is significantly higher. In galaxies with decreasing star formation, we show that star formation is lost to fast quenching mechanisms such as ram pressure stripping and is countered by mergers, at a rate of about 41% Gyr$^{-1}$ and to mass quenching 49% Gyr$^{-1}$. (abridged)
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, accepted to A&A
Magnetic generation and switching of topological quantum phases in a trivial semimetal $α{\mathrm{-EuP}}_3$
Creators: name: Mayo, Alex Hiro
name: Takahashi, Hidefumi
name: Bahramy, Mohammad Saeed
name: Nomoto, Atsuro
name: Sakai, Hideaki
name: Ishiwata, Shintaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological materials have drawn increasing attention owing to their rich quantum properties, as highlighted by a large intrinsic anomalous Hall effect (AHE) in Weyl and nodal-line semimetals. However, the practical applications for topological electronics have been hampered by the difficulty in the external control of the band topology. Here we demonstrate a magnetic-field-induced switching of band topology in $α{\mathrm{-EuP}}_3$, a magnetic semimetal with a layered crystal structure derived from black phosphorus. When the magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the single mirror plane of the monoclinic structure, a giant AHE signal abruptly emerges at a certain threshold magnetization value, giving rise to a prominently large anomalous Hall angle of $\left|Θ_{\mathrm{AHE}}\right| \sim 20^{\circ}$. When the magnetic field is applied along the inter-layer direction, which breaks the mirror symmetry, the system shows a pronounced negative longitudinal magnetoresistance. On the basis of electronic structure calculations and symmetry considerations, these anomalous magneto-transport properties can be considered as manifestations of two distinct topological phases: topological nodal-line and Weyl semimetals, respectively. Notably, the nodal-line structure is composed of bands with the same spin character and spans a wide energy range around the Fermi level. These topological phases are stabilized via the exchange coupling between localized Eu-4$f$ moments and mobile carriers conducting through the phosphorus layers. Our findings provide a realistic solution for external manipulation of band topology, enriching the functional aspects of topological materials.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Prognosis after Popliteal Artery Entrapment Syndrome surgery
Creators: name: Stager, Andrew Carl
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The main purpose of this study was to determine the prognosis after Popliteal Artery Entrapment Syndrome (PAES) surgery for young, active individuals. The hypothesis was that after PAES surgery, full restoration of activity level and sport performance with improvements in exercise-induced leg pain (EILP) and activity tolerance occurs when the surgery is carried out at an early stage of the condition. Twenty-three subjects all having had PAES surgery were interviewed and visual analogue scales were used to record data on: 1) activity levels, 2) performance levels, 3) intensity of leg symptoms and 4) intensity of activity tolerated. The above information was evaluated at three different times: 1) prior to the development of symptoms, 2) at the peak of symptoms (preop), and 3) at the present time (follow-up). Each individual underwent a medical evaluation as well as Duplex Ultrasonography of the affected popliteal artery (ies). Lastly, the subjects performed a progressive treadmill test. Control subjects that were matched for age, sex and education level were recruited for comparison. Results showed that the treatment group's activity level did not change significantly over the time periods. However, the treatment group experienced a significant decrease in its activity from its premorbid level to its current level when compared with the control group (p<.001). Reviewing the performance data, it was evident that the development of PAES caused a significant drop in activity performance for affected individuals (p<.001). Furthermore, the performance did not return to presymptomatic levels after surgery. This result was observed when the treatment group was evaluated on its own (.02>p>.05) and also when compared with the control group (.01>p>.001 ). The combination of PAES surgery and time did bring about a significant decrease in leg symptoms while exercising when compared with the control group (p<.001). Similarly, an increase in the intensity of activity possible before symptom onset was noted after surgery when compared with the control group (p<.001). A prospective study of PAES patients would be valuable to further define the prognosis for individuals undergoing PAES surgery.
How Trans-Inclusive are Hackathons?
Creators: name: Prado, Rafa
name: Galeno, Wendy
name: Gama, Kiev
name: Pinto, Gustavo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Hackathons are fun! People go there to learn, meet new colleagues, intensively work on a collaborative project, and mix pizza with energy drinks. However, for transgender community and other minorities, hackathons can have an uncomfortable atmosphere. Some transgender and non-conforming people that, although enjoying hackathons, decided not to participate anymore, afraid of LGBQTPhobia and other discomforts. In this paper we surveyed 44 trans and cis hackathons participants and interviewed seven transgender ones. By understanding their needs and challenges, we introduce five recommendations to make hackathons more inclusive.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Prandtl's extended mixing length model applied to the two-dimensional turbulent classical far wake
Creators: name: Hutchinson, AJ
name: Hale, N
name: Born, K
name: Mason, DP
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 76F40

description: Despite its limitations, Prandtl's mixing length model is widely applied in modelling turbulent free shear flows. Prandtl's extended model addresses many of the shortfalls of the original model, but is not so widely used, in part due to additional mathematical complexities that arise in its derivation and implementation. Furthermore, in both models Prandtl neglects the kinematic viscosity on the basis that it is much smaller in magnitude than the turbulent viscosity. Recent work has shown that including the kinematic viscosity in the original model has both mathematical and physical advantages. In the present work, a novel derivation of the extended model is provided, and it is demonstrated that similar advantages are again obtained when the kinematic viscosity is included. Additionally, through the use of scaling techniques, similarity mean velocity profiles of the extended model are derived, resulting in a single nonlinear ordinary differential equation that is solved numerically with a Hermite spectral method. The computed profiles for the normalised similarity mean velocity and shear stress are compared to experimental observations and shown to be in excellent agreement.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures
Stability of Contraction-Driven Cell Motion
Creators: name: Safsten, C. Alex
name: Rybalko, Volodymyr
name: Berlyand, Leonid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider motility of keratocyte cells driven by myosin contraction and introduce a 2D free boundary model for such motion. This model generalizes a 1D model from [12] by combining a 2D Keller-Segel model and a Hele-Shaw type boundary condition with the Young-Laplace law resulting in a boundary curvature term which provides a regularizing effect. We show that this model has a family of traveling solutions with constant shape and velocity which bifurcates from a family of radially symmetric stationary states. Our goal is to establish observable steady motion of the cell with constant velocity. Mathematically, this amounts to establishing stability of the traveling solutions. Our key result is an explicit asymptotic formula for the stability-determining eigenvalue of the linearized problem. This formula greatly simplifies the task of numerically computing the sign of this eigenvalue and reveals the physical mechanisms of stability. The derivation of this formula is based on a special ansatz for the corresponding eigenvector which exhibits an interesting singular behavior such that it asymptotically (in the small-velocity limit) becomes parallel to another eigenvector. This reflects the non-self-adjoint nature of the linearized problem, a signature of living systems. Finally, our results describe the onset of motion via a transition from unstable radial stationary solutions to stable asymmetric traveling solutions.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
title: Indices to Evaluate Self-Organizing Maps for Structures
Creators: name: Steil, Jochen J.
name: Sperduti, Alessandro
Publisher: name: International Workshop on Self-Organizing Maps : Proceedings
Year: 2007

description: Self-Organizing Maps for Structures (SOM-SD) are neural networks models capable of processing structured data, such as sequences and trees. The evaluation of the encoding quality achieved by these maps should neither be measured only by the quantization error as in the standard SOM, which fails to capture the structural aspects, nor by other topology preserving indexes which are ill-defined for discrete structures. We propose new indexes for the evaluation of encoding quality which are customized to the structural nature of input data. These indexes are used to evaluate the quality of SOM-SDs trained on a benchmark dataset introduced earlier in. We show that the proposed indexes capture relevant structural features of the tree encoding additional to the statistical features of the training data labels.
description: International Workshop on Self-Organizing Maps : Proceedings, The 6th International Workshop on Self-Organizing Maps (WSOM 2007)
Higher-Order Properties of Analytic Wavelets
Creators: name: Lilly, J. M.
name: Olhede, S. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The influence of higher-order wavelet properties on the analytic wavelet transform behavior is investigated, and wavelet functions offering advantageous performance are identified. This is accomplished through detailed investigation of the generalized Morse wavelets, a two-parameter family of exactly analytic continuous wavelets. The degree of time/frequency localization, the existence of a mapping between scale and frequency, and the bias involved in estimating properties of modulated oscillatory signals, are proposed as important considerations. Wavelet behavior is found to be strongly impacted by the degree of asymmetry of the wavelet in both the frequency and the time domain, as quantified by the third central moments. A particular subset of the generalized Morse wavelets, recognized as deriving from an inhomogeneous Airy function, emerge as having particularly desirable properties. These "Airy wavelets" substantially outperform the only approximately analytic Morlet wavelets for high time localization. Special cases of the generalized Morse wavelets are examined, revealing a broad range of behaviors which can be matched to the characteristics of a signal.
description: 15 pages, 6 Postscript figures
title: Detection and Characterization of Iron using MR Susceptibility Imaging at 9.4T in a Mouse Model
Creators: name: Steele, Racheal
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Iron
subject: Histology
subject: Mouse model
subject: MRI
subject: Neuroscience

description: Iron accumulation in the central nervous system is implicated in multiple sclerosis and other neurodegenerative diseases, yet the acute effects of iron deposition in brain white matter remain poorly understood. This study investigates the spatial and temporal dynamics of iron following localized injection into the corpus callosum, assessing its location and potential neurotoxicity using MRI and histological validation. Female C57BL/6 mice received stereotaxic injections of either ferrous sulfate heptahydrate or saline in the left corpus callosum. MRI was performed at 1-, 3-, and 7-days post-injection using R2*, quantitative susceptibility mapping, and quantitative T2. Statistical analyses included 2 × 3 mixed-effects ANOVA and voxel-wise Paired T-test subtraction maps. Histological validation involved DAB-enhanced Perls’ Prussian Blue staining for ferric iron, NeuN for neuronal integrity, IBA-1 for microglial involvement, and Fluoro-Jade C for neuronal degeneration. MRI revealed that iron remained primarily localized to the injection site, with subtle redistribution into deep gray matter structures, notably the nucleus accumbens and caudate putamen. R2* showed significant increases over time, whereas QSM failed to detect significant temporal changes. Histological analysis confirmed iron deposits aligning with MRI-detected regions, with increased microglial presence but minimal neuronal loss in adjacent gray matter. FJC staining indicated localized neuronal degeneration along the injection track, but not in adjacent T. Colocalization analysis suggested that microglia aggregated around iron deposits but did not strongly internalize them, implying a containment rather than clearance response. Our findings suggest that exogenous iron introduced into white matter remains relatively static, with limited redistribution over time. While acute iron exposure does not cause widespread neurodegeneration, microglial recruitment around iron deposits suggests a potential for chronic inflammation. Further investigations should explore long-term iron retention, its interaction with glial responses.
title: La retraite chez les sportifs de haut niveau
title: enjeux corporels et conséquences pour le suivi en physiothérapie
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Dyer, Liam
name: Curchod, Julie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: physiothérapie
subject: rapport au corps
subject: disposition
subject: socialisation
subject: ex-sportifs de haut niveau
subject: retraite sportive
subject: hesav TB Phy

description: Introduction L’aspect social de la démarche holistique de prise en charge du patient est souvent moins investigué. Pourtant, une connaissance plus approfondie de la socialisation d’un individu permettrait de mieux comprendre son rapport au corps et d’adapter l’approche thérapeutique. La prise en charge des sportifs de haut niveau retraités est un parfait exemple de l’intérêt de cette démarche de soins. Objectif Notre objectif est d’explorer le rapport au corps des ex-sportifs de haut niveau dans une perspective sociologique. Il s’agit d’analyser les traces dispositionnelles laissées par l’ancienne pratique sportive intensive et d’identifier les implications de ces paramètres pour la prise en charge en physiothérapie. Méthode Nous nous sommes immergés dans le domaine sociologique en explorant les concepts de disposition et de rapport au corps. Puis nous avons effectué une revue de la littérature de sept articles portant sur le rapport au corps des ex-sportifs de haut niveau. Résultats Les sportifs de haut niveau développent un certain rapport au corps et des dispositions qui continuent à s’exprimer après leur carrière sportive. Les dispositions stoïcistes et anorexiques se manifestent au travers de pratiques physiques et alimentaires. De plus, les modifications corporelles qui surviennent après la retraite sportive impactent l’image et l’estime de soi de l’individu. Conclusion La pratique d’un sport de haut niveau laisse de fortes traces dispositionnelles sur les individus et influence leur rapport au corps au-delà de la carrière sportive. Mieux connaître l’impact de leur socialisation sur leurs pratiques et leurs perceptions corporelles est essentiel pour favoriser l’approche de prise en charge centrée sur le patient.
Constant and Equivariant Cyclic Cohomology
Creators: name: Rangipour, Bahram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this note we prove that the constant and equivariant cyclic cohomology of algebras coincide. This shows that constant cyclic cohomology is rich and computable.
description: 9 pages
Synthesis of epitaxial monolayer Janus SPtSe
Creators: name: Sant, R.
name: Gay, M.
name: Marty, A.
name: Lisi, S.
name: Harrabi, R.
name: Vergnaud, C.
name: Dau, M. T.
name: Weng, X.
name: Coraux, J.
name: Gauthier, N.
name: Renault, O.
name: Renaud, G.
name: Jamet, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Janus single-layer transition metal dichalcogenides, in which the two chalcogen layers have a different chemical nature, push chemical composition control beyond what is usually achievable with van der Waals heterostructures. Here we report such a novel Janus compound, SPtSe, which is predicted to exhibit strong Rashba spin-orbit coupling. We synthetized it by conversion of a single-layer of PtSe$_2$ on Pt(111) via sulphurization under H$_2$S atmosphere. Our in situ and operando structural analysis with grazing incidence synchrotron X-ray diffraction reveals the process by which the Janus alloy forms. The crystalline long-range order of the as-grown PtSe$_2$ monolayer is first lost due to thermal annealing. A subsequent recrystallization in presence of a source of sulphur yields a highly ordered SPtSe alloy, which is iso-structural to the pristine PtSe$_2$. The chemical composition is resolved, layer-by-layer, using angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, demonstrating that Se-by-S substitution occurs selectively in the topmost chalcogen layer.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures and 1 table
On holomorphic curves in algebraic torus
Creators: name: Tsukamoto, Masaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32H30

description: We study entire holomorphic curves in the algebraic torus, and show that they can be characterized by the ``growth rate'' of their derivatives.
description: 12 pages
Study of Einstein-bumblebee gravity with Kerr-Sen-like solution in the presence of a dispersive medium
Creators: name: Jha, Sohan Kumar
name: Aziz, Sahazada
name: Rahaman, Anisur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Kerr-Sen-like black hole solution appears in the Einstein-bumblebee theory of gravity. The solution contains contains a Lorentz violating parameter in an explicit manner. We study the null geodesics in the background of this Kerr-Sen-like black hole surrounded by a dispersive medium like plasma. We investigate the effect of the charge of the black hole, the Lorentz violation parameter, and the plasma parameter on the photon orbits with the evaluation of the effective potential in the presence of both the Lorentz violation parameter and the plasma parameter. We also study the influence of the Lorentz violation parameter and plasma parameter on the emission of energy from the black hole due to thermal radiation. Besides, we compute the angle of deflection of massless particles with weak-field approximation in this generalized situation and examine how it varies with the Lorentz violation parameter in presence of plasma. Constraining the parameters of this Lorentz violating Kerr-Sen-like black hole is also attempted here with the result obtained from the observations of the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) collaboration.
description: 24 pages latex with figures, this version is to appear in EPJC, Title change, body modified, figures added
GRB 050713A: High Energy Observations of the GRB Prompt and Afterglow Emission
Creators: name: Morris, D. C.
name: Reeves, J.
name: Pal'shin, V.
name: Garczarczyk, M.
name: Falcone, A. D.
name: Burrows, D. N.
name: Krimm, H.
name: Galante, N.
name: Gaug, M.
name: Mizobuchi, S.
name: Pagani, C.
name: Stamerra, A.
name: Teshima, M.
name: Beardmore, A. P.
name: Godet, O.
name: Gehrels, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Swift discovered GRB 050713A and slewed promptly to begin observing with its narrow field instruments 72.6 seconds after the burst onset, while the prompt gamma-ray emission was still detectable in the BAT. Simultaneous emission from two flares is detected in the BAT and XRT. This burst marks just the second time that the BAT and XRT have simultaneously detected emission from a burst and the first time that both instruments have produced a well sampled, simultaneous dataset covering multiple X-ray flares. The temporal rise and decay parameters of the flares are consistent with the internal shock mechanism. In addition to the Swift coverage of GRB 050713A, we report on the Konus-Wind (K-W) detection of the prompt emission in the energy range 18-1150 keV, an upper limiting GeV measurement of the prompt emission made by the MAGIC imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope and XMM-Newton observations of the afterglow. Simultaneous observation between Swift XRT and XMM-Newton produce consistent results, showing a break in the lightcurve at T+~15ks. Together, these four observatories provide unusually broad spectral coverage of the prompt emission and detailed X-ray follow-up of the afterglow for two weeks after the burst trigger. Simultaneous spectral fits of K-W with BAT and BAT with XRT data indicate that an absorbed broken powerlaw is often a better fit to GRB flares than a simple absorbed powerlaw. These spectral results together with the rapid temporal rise and decay of the flares suggest that flares are produced in internal shocks due to late time central engine activity.
description: 22 pages, 6 tables, 10 figures; Submitted to the Astrophysical Journal
Reconstruction of moments of particle distributions with Identity Method at MPD
Creators: name: Altsybeev, Igor
name: Petrov, Vitalii
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Precise determination of the moments of multiplicity distributions of identified particles could be challenging due to the misidentification in detectors. The so-called Identity Method allows one to solve this problem. In this contribution, performance of the Identity Method was tested on the A-A events simulated in the conditions of the MPD experiment at NICA. With this method, moments within a single kinematic window as well as coefficients of forward-backward pseudorapidity correlations are extracted.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Körtner, Ulrich H.J.: Gottesglaube und Religionskritik
Creators: name: Voß, Klaus Peter
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 66 Nr. 2 (2017): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 66, Heft 2
Development of the psychological skills inventory for Chinese athletes
Creators: name: Yang, Xiaochun
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: An inventory for testing the psychological skills of Chinese Athletes was developed based on a two-order structure of both Howe's (1993), and Hardy and Jones' (1994) conceptualizations. This project consisted of two phases. In Study I the original version of the 47-item Psychological Skills Inventory for Chinese Athletes (PSICA) was administrated to 305 subjects ranging from college level to international level athletes. The PSICA contains five sport specific subscales: Anxiety Control, Concentration, Confidence, Mental Preparation, and Motivation. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) revealed some problems with the original 47-item PSICA, but a modified 23-item scale demonstrated a good factorial validity. In Study II the revised 23-item PSICA was administrated to 713 subjects ranging from college level to international level athletes. Cross validation test revealed some problems with the model, and /or the inventory. The overall fit indices, with exception of the RMSEA for the female subsample, when analyzed using weighted least square (WLS) procedure, indicated an adequate but not good fit of the five-factor model. Convergent and discriminant validity test, and the test-retest reliability results indicated that the PSICA is psychometrically strong in these aspects. The findings suggest that the PSICA has potential as a valid psychological scale.
title: Blurring the boundaries between an institutional repository and a research information registry: where's the join?
Creators: name: Rumsey, Sally
Publisher: name: International Conference on Open Repositories : Proceedings
Year: 2010

description: Key motivations for provision of an institutional repository (IR) for research outputs within a higher education institution (HEI) are storage, retention, dissemination and preservation of digital research materials. Increasingly IRs are being considered as tools for research management as part of pan-institutional systems. This might include statutory reporting such as that required for the forthcoming UK REF (Research Excellence Framework). Such functionality generally requires integration with other management systems within the HEI. It is common to find that each research management system has been selected to serve a specific need within an organisational department, any broader aim being out of scope. As a result, data is held in many silos, is duplicated and can even be "locked in" to those systems. This results in problems with data sharing, as well as lacks of efficiency and consistency. Some institutions are addressing this problem by considering CRISs (Current Research Information Systems) or business intelligence systems. The need for easy deposit in the institutional repository at the University of Oxford has prompted the development of a registry and tools to support research information management. Many of the motivations behind the repository are common with those for research information management. Not only do the two areas of focus have many common aims, but there is considerable overlap of design, data, services, and stakeholder requirements. This overlap means that the boundaries between the repository and the resulting tools being implemented for publicly available research activity data are blurred. By considering these two areas together with other related digital repository services, new opportunities and efficiencies can be revealed to the benefit of all stakeholders.
description: International Conference on Open Repositories : Proceedings, The 5th International Conference on Open Repositories (OR2010), Madrid, Spain, 6-9 July 2010
Towards A Realistic Grand Gauge-Higgs Unification Scenario
Creators: name: Maru, Nobuhito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this talk, we discuss an attempt to construct a realistic model of the grand gauge-Higgs unification. We investigate a 5D SU(6) grand gauge-Higgs unification model compactified on an orbifold S^1/Z_2. Ordinary quarks and leptons, together with right-handed neutrinos, are just accommodated into a minimal set of representations of the gauge group, without introducing any exotic states in the same representations. The proton decay turns out to be forbidden at least at the tree level. We also find a correct electroweak symmetry breaking SU(2)_L \times U(1)_Y \to U(1)_{em} is easily realized by introducing suitable number of adjoint fermions.
description: 11 pages, 5 eps figures, To appear in the proceeding of International Workshop on Grand Unified Theories: Current Status and Future Prospects (GUT07), December 17-19 2007, Kusatsu, Japan
Could the Pioneer anomaly have a gravitational origin?
Creators: name: Tangen, Kjell
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If the Pioneer anomaly has a gravitational origin, it would, according to the equivalence principle, distort the motions of the planets in the Solar System. Since no anomalous motion of the planets has been detected, it is generally believed that the Pioneer anomaly can not originate from a gravitational source in the Solar System. However, this conclusion becomes less obvious when considering models that either imply modifications to gravity at long range or gravitational sources localized to the outer Solar System, given the uncertainty in the orbital parameters of the outer planets. Following the general assumption that the Pioneer spacecraft move geodesically in a spherically symmetric spacetime metric, we derive the metric disturbance that is needed in order to account for the Pioneer anomaly. We then analyze the residual effects on the astronomical observables of the three outer planets that would arise from this metric disturbance, given an arbitrary metric theory of gravity. Providing a method for comparing the computed residuals with actual residuals, our results imply that the presence of a perturbation to the gravitational field necessary to induce the Pioneer anomaly is in conflict with available data for the planets Uranus and Pluto, but not for Neptune. We therefore conclude that the motion of the Pioneer spacecraft must be non-geodesic. Since our results are model independent within the class of metric theories of gravity, they can be applied to rule out any model of the Pioneer anomaly that implies that the Pioneer spacecraft move geodesically in a perturbed spacetime metric, regardless of the origin of this metric disturbance.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures. Rev. 3: Major revision. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D. Rev. 4: Added two references
Determining the underlying Fermi surface of strongly correlated superconductors
Creators: name: Gros, Claudius
name: Edegger, Bernhard
name: Muthukumar, V. N.
name: Anderson, P. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The notion of a Fermi surface (FS) is one of the most ingenious concepts developed by solid state physicists during the past century. It plays a central role in our understanding of interacting electron systems. Extraordinary efforts have been undertaken, both by experiment and by theory, to reveal the FS of the high temperature superconductors (HTSC), the most prominent strongly correlated superconductors. Here, we discuss some of the prevalent methods used to determine the FS and show that they lead generally to erroneous results close to half filling and at low temperatures, due to the large superconducting gap (pseudogap) below (above) the superconducting transition temperature. Our findings provide a perspective on the interplay between strong correlations and superconductivity and highlight the importance of strong coupling theories for the characterization as well as the determination of the underlying FS in ARPES experiments.
Generalization of the reaction-diffusion, the Swift-Hohenberg and the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation and effects of finite propagation speeds
Creators: name: Hutt, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The work proposes and studies a one-dimensional model, which involves nonlocal interactions and finite propagation speed. It shows that the general reaction-diffusion equation, the Swift-Hohenberg equation and the general Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation represent special cases of the proposed model for limited spatial interaction ranges and for infinite propagation speeds. After a detailed validity study on the generalization conditions, the three equations are extended to involve finite propagation speeds. Moreover linear stability studies of the extended equations reveal critical propagation speeds and novel types of instabilities in all three equations. In addition, an extended diffusion equation is derived and studied in some detail with respect to finite propagation speeds. The extended model allows for the explanation of recent experimental results on non-Fourier heat conduction in non-homogeneous material.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures
Scattering of electrons from an interacting region
Creators: name: Dhar, Abhishek
name: Sen, Diptiman
name: Roy, Dibyendu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the problem of transmission of electrons between two noninteracting leads through a region where they interact (quantum dot). We use a model of spinless electrons hopping on a one-dimensional lattice and with an interaction on a single bond. We show that all the two-particle scattering states can be found exactly. Comparisons are made with numerical results on the time evolution of a two-particle wave packet and several interesting features are found for scattering. For N particles the scattering state is obtained by perturbation theory. For a dot connected to Fermi seas at different chemical potentials, we find an expression for the change in the Landauer current resulting from the interactions on the dot. We end with some comments on the case of spin-1/2 electrons.
description: 5 pages including 2 figures; this is the final version published in Physical Review Letters
title: Hematocolpos as a cause of abdominal pain
Creators: name: SUAREZ TRABA, OLGA MARIA
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Paediatric radiology
subject: Abdomen
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Paediatric
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 12-year-old female presented to the Emergency Department with a 48-hour history of abdominal pain localised in the hypogastrium, which had progressively worsened in the last few hours. The patient mentioned previous episodes of less intense abdominal pain. Considering the clinical suspicion of acute appendicitis, an abdominal ultrasound was requested.

description: 12 years, female
Low energy electronic states in spheroidal fullerenes
Creators: name: Pudlak, M.
name: Pincak, R.
name: Osipov, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The field-theory model is proposed to study the electronic states near the Fermi energy in spheroidal fullerenes. The low energy electronic wavefunctions obey a two-dimensional Dirac equation on a spheroid with two kinds of gauge fluxes taken into account. The first one is so-called K spin flux which describes the exchange of two different Dirac spinors in the presence of a conical singularity. The second flux (included in a form of the Dirac monopole field) is a variant of the effective field approximation for elastic flow due to twelve disclination defects through the surface of a spheroid. We consider the case of a slightly elliptically deformed sphere which allows us to apply the perturbation scheme. It is shown exactly how a small deformation of spherical fullerenes provokes an appearance of fine structure in the electronic energy spectrum as compared to the spherical case. In particular, two quasi-zero modes in addition to the true zero mode are predicted to emerge in spheroidal fullerenes. An additional 'hyperfine' splitting of the levels (except the quasi-zero-mode states) is found.
description: 9 pages
OpenMP optimisation of the eXtended Discrete Element Method (XDEM)
Creators: name: Ojeda-May, Pedro
name: Eriksson, Jerry
name: Rousset, Alban
name: Besseron, Xavier
name: Chekaraou, Abdoul Wahid Mainassara
name: Peters, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: XDEM
DEM
cores

description: The eXtended Discrete Element Method (XDEM) is an extension of the regular Discrete Element Method (DEM) which is a software for simulating the dynamics of granular material. XDEM extends the regular DEM method by adding features where both micro and macroscopic observables can be computed simultaneously by coupling different time and length scales. In this sense XDEM belongs the category of multi-scale/multi-physics applications which can be used in realistic simulations. In this whitepaper, we detail the different optimisations done during the preparatory PRACE project to overcome known bottlenecks in the OpenMP implementation of XDEM. We analysed the Conversion, Dynamic, and the combined Dynamics-Conversion modules with Extrae/Paraver and Intel VTune profiling tools in order to find the most expensive functions. The proposed code modifications improved the performance of XDEM by ~17% for the computational expensive Dynamics-Conversion combined modules (with 48 cores, full node). Our analysis was performed in the Marenostrum 4 (MN4) PRACE infrastructure at Barcelona Supercomputing Center (BSC).
Mathematical models of spontaneous symmetry breaking
Creators: name: Sardanashvily, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Higgs mechanism of mass generation is the main ingredient in the contemporary Standard Model and its various generalizations. However, there is no comprehensive theory of spontaneous symmetry breaking. We summarize the relevant mathematical results characterizing spontaneous symmetry breaking phenomena in algebraic quantum theory, axiomatic quantum field theory, group theory, and classical gauge theory.
description: 14 pages, The Preface to the special issue "Higgs Mechanism and Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking" of International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics (v5, N2 2008)
What can be learned about dark energy evolution?
Creators: name: Douspis, Marian
name: Zolnierowski, Yves
name: Blanchard, Alain
name: Riazuelo, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine constraints obtained from SNIa surveys on a two parameter model of dark energy in which the equation of state $w (z) = P(z) / ρ(z)$ undergoes a transition over a period significantly shorter than the Hubble time. We find that a transition between $w \sim -0.2$ and $w \sim -1$ (the first value being somewhat arbitrary) is allowed at redshifts as low as 0.1, despite the fact that data extend beyond $z \sim 1$. Surveys with the precision anticipated for space experiments should allow only slight improvement on this constraint, as a transition occurring at a redshift as low as $\sim 0.17$ could still remain undistinguishable from a standard cosmological constant. The addition of a prior on the matter density $Ω_\MAT = 0.3$ only modestly improves the constraints. Even deep space experiments would still fail to identify a rapid transition at a redshift above 0.5. These results illustrate that a Hubble diagram of distant SNIa alone will not reveal the actual nature of dark energy at a redshift above 0.2 and that only the local dynamics of the quintessence field can be infered from a SNIa Hubble diagram. Combinations, however, seem to be very efficient: we found that the combination of present day CMB data and SNIa already excludes a transition at redshifts below 0.8.
description: Accepted in Astronomy and Astrophysics; new version: data updated, conclusion unchanged
The Cosmology of a Universe with Spontaneously-Broken Lorentz Symmetry
Creators: name: Ferreira, P. G.
name: Gripaios, B. M.
name: Saffari, R.
name: Zlosnik, T. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A self consistent effective field theory of modified gravity has recently been proposed with spontaneous breaking of local Lorentz invariance. The symmetry is broken by a vector field with the wrong-sign mass term and it has been shown to have additional graviton modes and modified dispersion relations. In this paper we study the evolution of a homogeneous and isotropic universe in the presence of such a vector field with a minimum lying along the time-like direction. A plethora of different regimes is identified, such as accelerated expansion, loitering, collapse and tracking.
Canny-VO: Visual Odometry with RGB-D Cameras based on Geometric 3D-2D Edge Alignment
Creators: name: Zhou, Yi
name: Li, Hongdong
name: Kneip, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The present paper reviews the classical problem of free-form curve registration and applies it to an efficient RGBD visual odometry system called Canny-VO, as it efficiently tracks all Canny edge features extracted from the images. Two replacements for the distance transformation commonly used in edge registration are proposed: Approximate Nearest Neighbour Fields and Oriented Nearest Neighbour Fields. 3D2D edge alignment benefits from these alternative formulations in terms of both efficiency and accuracy. It removes the need for the more computationally demanding paradigms of datato-model registration, bilinear interpolation, and sub-gradient computation. To ensure robustness of the system in the presence of outliers and sensor noise, the registration is formulated as a maximum a posteriori problem, and the resulting weighted least squares objective is solved by the iteratively re-weighted least squares method. A variety of robust weight functions are investigated and the optimal choice is made based on the statistics of the residual errors. Efficiency is furthermore boosted by an adaptively sampled definition of the nearest neighbour fields. Extensive evaluations on public SLAM benchmark sequences demonstrate state-of-the-art performance and an advantage over classical Euclidean distance fields.
ExoMars Raman Laser Spectrometer RLS, a tool to semi-quantify the serpentinization degree of olivine-rich rocks on Mars
Creators: name: Veneranda, Marco
name: Lopez-Reyes, Guillermo
name: Sanchez, Elena Pascual
name: Krzesinska, Agata M.
name: Manrique-Martinez, Jose Antonio
name: Sanz-Arranz, Aurelio
name: Lantz, Cateline
name: Lalla, Emmanuel
name: Moral, Andoni
name: Medina, Jesus
name: Poulet, Francois
name: Dypvik, Henning
name: Werner, Stephanie C.
name: Vago, Jorge L.
name: Rull, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate what will be the effectiveness of the ExoMars Raman Laser Spectrometer (RLS) to determine the degree of serpentinization of olivine-rich units on Mars. We selected terrestrial analogues of martian ultramafic rocks from the Leka Ophiolite Complex (LOC) and analyzed them with both laboratory and flight-like analytical instruments. We first studied the mineralogical composition of the samples (mostly olivine and serpentine) with state-of-the-art diffractometric and spectroscopic laboratory systems. We compared these results with those obtained using our RLS ExoMars Simulator. Our work shows that the RLS ExoMars Simulator successfully identified all major phases. Moreover, when emulating the automatic operating mode of the flight instrument, the RLS ExoMars simulator also detected several minor compounds, some of which were not observed by NIR and XRD. Thereafter, we produced RLS dedicated calibration curves (R2 between 0.9993 and 0.9995 with an uncertainty between 3.0% and 5.2% with a confidence interval of 95%) to estimate the relative content of olivine and serpentine in the samples. Our results show that RLS can be very effective to identify serpentine, a scientific target of primary importance for the potential detection of biosignatures on Mars the main objective of the ExoMars rover mission.
Letter from G. [George] Goldie to Jim [James] Goldie, August 16, 1910
Creators: name: Goldie, George
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Letter to James Goldie from George Goldie, dated August 16, 1910, regarding need for Goldie's signature to be on file at Savings Bank of Commerce; and steel and coal stocks.
Rock, Rabbit...Baby! A Disjunctive Fairytale
Creators: name: D'Agostino, Brita
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2007
Subjects: Fine Arts (0357)

description: Rock, RabbitBaby! is a video installation that, like a fairytale, uses symbolism and metaphor explore the paradoxical desiring and deferment of pregnancy from the personal and sociological perspective of young women in affluent societies. Composed of three separate videos with three different female protagonists Rock, RabbitBaby! uses simple repetitive imagery and symbolism to evoke a childlike aesthetic. By parodying the behavior and emotional/social predicament of the three women in the film (feeling too childlike themselves to have a child,) I point to the absurdity of their obsession with pregnancy given their obvious youth. At the same time the characters' bizarre behavior is symptomatic of deeply ingrained and reductive American cultural values whereby reproduction is generally thought of as the fulfillment of a basic biological instinct, and infertility is treated as a disease. The symbols used in the videos and discussed at length in the thesis paper are: the rabbit, stones, toys, and the woman's body. Although these symbols have personal meaning for me they are open to a broad interpretation by viewers of the piece. When viewed simultaneously these three, seemingly disjointed, videos produce a strange coherence allowing viewers to derive an overall narrative from the work.