cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Entanglement entropy and hyperuniformity of Ginibre and Weyl-Heisenberg ensembles
Creators: name: Abreu, Luís Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that, for a class of planar determinantal point processes (DPP) X, the entanglement entropy of X on a compact region grows exactly at the rate of the variance fluctuation in that region. Therefore, such DPPs satisfy an area law if they are of Class I hyperuniformity, while the area law is violated if they are of Class II hyperuniformity. As a result, the entanglement entropy of Weyl-Heisenberg ensembles (a family of DPPs containing the Ginibre ensemble and Ginibre-type ensembles in higher Landau levels), satisfies an area law, as a consequence of its hyperuniformity.
Devaney chaos plus shadowing implies distributional chaos
Creators: name: Li, Jian
name: Li, Jie
name: Tu, Siming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 54H20, 37C50, 37B05

description: We explore connections among the regional proximal relation, the asymptotic relation and the distal relation for a topological dynamical system with the shadowing property, and show that if a Devaney chaotic system has the shadowing property then it is distributionally chaotic.
description: accepted by Chaos
Nucleon matrix elements using the variational method in lattice QCD
Creators: name: Dragos, Jack
name: Horsley, Roger
name: Kamleh, Waseem
name: Leinweber, Derek B.
name: Nakamura, Yoshifumi
name: Rakow, Paul E. L.
name: Schierholz, Gerrit
name: Young, Ross D.
name: Zanotti, James M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The extraction of hadron matrix elements in lattice QCD using the standard two- and three-point correlator functions demands careful attention to systematic uncertainties. One of the most commonly studied sources of systematic error is contamination from excited states. We apply the variational method to calculate the axial vector current $g_{A}$, the scalar current $g_{S}$ and the quark momentum fraction $\left$ of the nucleon and we compare the results to the more commonly used summation and two-exponential fit methods. The results demonstrate that the variational approach offers a more efficient and robust method for the determination of nucleon matrix elements.
description: 14 pages, 21 figures
New technique of ion identification in Accelerator Mass Spectrometry using low-pressure TPC with GEM readout
Creators: name: Bondar, A.
name: Buzulutskov, A.
name: Parkhomchuk, V.
name: Petrozhitsky, A.
name: Shakirova, T.
name: Sokolov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed and successfully tested a low-pressure Time Projection Chamber (TPC) with Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) readout for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS). AMS facility in Novosibirsk has a problem of separating isobar ions of different chemical elements that have the same atomic mass. The typical example is radioactive isotopes 10Be and 10B that are used to date geological objects at a time scale of ten million years. To solve this problem, a new ion identification technique, namely that based on measuring both ion track ranges and ion energies in low-pressure TPCs with GEM readout, has been developed. This technique is proposed to be applied in AMS for dating geological objects, namely for geochronology of Cenozoic era. In this work, we developed a new larger version of the TPC with a dedicated thin silicon nitride window for an efficient passage of ions. The TPC characteristics were studied in isobutane at low pressures using alpha particle sources. In addition, the use of GEM instead of THGEM has been shown to substantially improve the energy resolution at a nominal pressure (50 torr). Using these results and SRIM code simulations, it is shown that isobaric boron and beryllium ions can be effectively separated at AMS, providing efficient dating on a scale of ten million years. This technique will be applied in the AMS facility in Novosibirsk in the near future.
High-Intensity Synchrotron Radiation Effects
Creators: name: Suetsugu, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Various effects of intense synchrotron radiation on the performance of particle accelerators, especially for storage rings, are discussed. Following a brief introduction to synchrotron radiation, the basic concepts of heat load, gas load, electron emission, and the countermeasures against these effects are discussed.
description: 20 pages, contribution to the 2014 Joint International Accelerator School: Beam Loss and Accelerator Protection, Newport Beach, CA, USA , 5-14 Nov 2014
The SNR of a Transit
Creators: name: Kipping, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurate quantification of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of a given observational phenomenon is central to associated calculations of sensitivity, yield, completeness and occurrence rate. Within the field of exoplanets, the SNR of a transit has been widely assumed to be the formula that one would obtain by assuming a boxcar light curve, yielding an SNR of the form $(δ/σ_0) \sqrt{D}$. In this work, a general framework is outlined for calculating the SNR of any analytic function and it is applied to the specific case of a trapezoidal transit as a demonstration. By refining the approximation from boxcar to trapezoid, an improved SNR equation is obtained that takes the form $(δ/σ_0) \sqrt{(T_{14}+2T_{23})/3}$. A solution is also derived for the case of a trapezoid convolved with a top-hat, corresponding to observations with finite integration time, where it is proved that SNR is a monotonically decreasing function of integration time. As a rule of thumb, integration times exceeding $T_{14}/3$ lead to a 10% loss in SNR. This work establishes that the boxcar transit is approximate and it is argued that efforts to calculate accurate completeness maps or occurrence rate statistics should either use the refined expression, or even better numerically solve for the SNR of a more physically complete transit model.
description: Accepted to MNRAS
Einstein's Equations for Spin $2$ Mass $0$ from Noether's Converse Hilbertian Assertion
Creators: name: Pitts, J. Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An overlap between the general relativist and particle physicist views of Einstein gravity is uncovered. Noether's 1918 paper developed Hilbert's and Klein's reflections on the conservation laws. Energy-momentum is just a term proportional to the field equations and a 'curl' term with identically zero divergence. Noether proved a \emph{converse} "Hilbertian assertion": such "improper" conservation laws imply a generally covariant action. Later and independently, particle physicists derived the nonlinear Einstein equations assuming the absence of negative-energy degrees of freedom ("ghosts") for stability, along with universal coupling: all energy-momentum including gravity's serves as a source for gravity. Those assumptions (all but) imply (for 0 graviton mass) that the energy-momentum is only a term proportional to the field equations and a symmetric "curl," which implies the coalescence of the flat background geometry and the gravitational potential into an effective curved geometry. The flat metric, though useful in Rosenfeld's stress-energy definition, disappears from the field equations. Thus the particle physics derivation uses a reinvented Noetherian converse Hilbertian assertion in Rosenfeld-tinged form. The Rosenfeld stress-energy is identically the canonical stress-energy plus a Belinfante curl and terms proportional to the field equations, so the flat metric is only a convenient mathematical trick without ontological commitment. Neither generalized relativity of motion, nor the identity of gravity and inertia, nor substantive general covariance is assumed. The more compelling criterion of lacking ghosts yields substantive general covariance as an output. Hence the particle physics derivation, though logically impressive, is neither as novel nor as ontologically laden as it has seemed.
description: Forthcoming in_Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics_
Dirichlet forms for singular diffusion on graphs
Creators: name: Seifert, Christian
name: Voigt, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We describe operators driving the time evolution of singular diffusion on finite graphs whose vertices are allowed to carry masses. The operators are defined by the method of quadratic forms on suitable Hilbert spaces. The model also covers quantum graphs and discrete Laplace operators.
A morphological analysis of the substructures in radio relics
Creators: name: Wittor, Denis
name: Brüggen, Marcus
name: Grete, Philipp
name: Rajpurohit, Kamlesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations of radio relics - diffuse radio emission in galaxy clusters - have revealed that these sources are not smooth but consist of structures in the form of threads and filaments. We investigate the origin of these filamentary structures and the role of projection effects. To this end, we have developed a tool that extracts the filamentary structures from background emission. Moreover, it is capable of studying both two-dimensional and three-dimensional objects. We apply our structure extractor to, both, observations and cosmological simulations of radio relics. Using Minkowski functionals, we determine the shape of the identified structures. In our 2D analysis, we find that the brightest structures in the observed and simulated maps are filaments. Our analysis of the 3D simulation data shows that radio relics do not consist of sheets but only of filaments and ribbons. Furthermore, we did not find any measurable projection effects that could hide any sheet-like structures in projection. We find that, both, the magnetic field and the shock front consist of filaments and ribbons that cause filamentary radio emission.
description: 20 pages, 22 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Probing Quantum Correlation Functions Through Energy Absorption Interferometry
Creators: name: Withington, S.
name: Thomas, C. N.
name: Goldie, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An interferometric technique is proposed for determining the spatial forms of the individual degrees of freedom through which a many body system can absorb energy from its environment. The method separates out the coherent excitations present at any given frequency; it is not necessary to infer modal content from spectra. The system under test is excited with two external sources, which create generalized forces, and the fringe in the total power dissipated is measured as the relative phase between the sources is varied. If the complex fringe visibility is measured for different pairs of source locations, the anti-Hermitian part of the complex-valued non-local correlation tensor can be determined, which can then be decomposed to give the natural dynamical modes of the system and their relative responsivities. If each source in the interferometer creates a different kind of force, the spatial forms of the individual excitations that are responsible for cross-correlated response can be found. The technique is a generalization of holography because it measures the state of coherence to which the system is maximally sensitive. It can be applied across a wide range of wavelengths, in a variety of ways, to homogeneous media, thin films, patterned structures, and to components such as sensors, detectors and energy harvesting absorbers.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Multi log-normal density structure in Cygnus-X molecular clouds: A fitting for N-PDF without power-law
Creators: name: Murase, Takeru
name: Handa, Toshihiro
name: Matsusaka, Ren
name: Shimajiri, Yoshito
name: Kobayashi, Masato I. N.
name: Kohno, Mikito
name: Nishi, Junya
name: Takeba, Norimi
name: Shibata, Yosuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the H$_2$ column density probability distribution function (N-PDF) based on molecular emission lines using the Nobeyama 45-m Cygnus X CO survey data. Using the DENDROGRAM and SCIMES algorithms, we identified 124 molecular clouds in the $^{13}$CO data. From these identified molecular clouds, an N-PDF was constructed for 11 molecular clouds with an extent of more than 0.4 deg$^2$. From the fitting of the N-PDF, we found that the N-PDF could be well-fitted with one or two log-normal distributions. These fitting results provided an alternative density structure for molecular clouds from a conventional picture. We investigated the column density, dense molecular cloud cores, and radio continuum source distributions in each cloud and found that the N-PDF shape was less correlated with the star-forming activity over a whole cloud. Furthermore, we found that the log-normal N-PDF parameters obtained from the fitting showed two impressive features. First, the log-normal distribution at the low-density part had the same mean column density ($\sim$ 10$^{21.5}$ cm$^{-2}$) for almost all the molecular clouds. Second, the width of the log-normal distribution tended to decrease with an increasing mean density of the structures. These correlations suggest that the shape of the N-PDF reflects the relationship between the density and turbulent structure of the whole molecular cloud but is less affected by star-forming activities.
description: 14 pages, 7 Figures, Accepted in MNRAS
Strong coupling methods for lattice QCD
Creators: name: Unger, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Universität Bielefeld
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 530

description: Lattice QCD at finite baryon density suffers from the numerical finite density sign problem. Strong coupling methods, expanding in the inverse gauge coupling, give rise to alternative representations of the partition function that can make the sign problem milder. This Habilitation discusses the strong coupling methods developed by the author and colleagues to study lattice QCD at vanishing and non-vanishing baryon density. The main results summarized and covered in the attached papers are (1) chiral symmetry breaking and its restoration at zero temperature for a large number of flavors, (2) the QCD phase diagram, in particular the location of the chiral/nuclear critical endpoint, (3) bulk thermodynamics and (4) Hamiltonian formulation and Quantum Monte Carlo simulations. Most of the results were obtained via a dual formulation for lattice QCD derived from a strong coupling expansion. All results are limited to the strong coupling regime, i.e. valid on coarse lattices, where the sign problem is under control.
Restricted Euler dynamics along trajectories of small inertial particles in turbulence
Creators: name: Johnson, Perry L.
name: Meneveau, Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fate of small particles in turbulent flows depends strongly on the surrounding fluid's velocity gradient properties such as rotation and strain-rates. For non-inertial (fluid) particles, the Restricted Euler model provides a simple, low-dimensional dynamical system representation of Lagrangian evolution of velocity gradients in fluid turbulence, at least for short times. Here we derive a new restricted Euler dynamical system for the velocity gradient evolution of inertial particles such as solid particles in a gas or droplets and bubbles in turbulent liquid flows. The model is derived in the limit of small (sub Kolmogorov scale) particles and low Stokes number. The system exhibits interesting fixed points, stability and invariant properties. Comparisons with data from Direct Numerical Simulations show that the model predicts realistic trends such as the tendency of increased straining over rotation along heavy particle trajectories and, for light particles such as bubbles, the tendency of reduced self-stretching of strain-rate.
Modelling the variable emission states of $γ$-ray emitting Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 galaxies
Creators: name: Luashvili, Anna
name: Boisson, Catherine
name: Zech, Andreas
name: Arrieta-Lobo, Maialen
name: Kynoch, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: $γ$-ray-emitting narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies ($γ$-NLS1) constitute an intriguing small population of Active Galactic Nuclei with $γ$-ray emission resembling low power flat-spectrum radio quasars (FSRQ), but with differing physical properties. They are jetted, $γ$/radio-loud Seyfert galaxies, with relatively low black hole masses, accreting at exceptionally high, near-Eddington rates. Certain of these sources exhibit highly variable emission states on relatively short time scales, the physical origin of which remains elusive. In this work, varying emission states of two bona-fide NLS1s, 1H 0323+342 and PMN J0948+0022, and one little studied FSRQ/intermediate object, B2 0954+25A, are examined. For each source, we analyzed quasi-simultaneous multiwavelength data for different states of $γ$-ray activity and present the results of their broad-band emission modelling, taking into account all available physical constraints to limit the range of the model parameters. Two different scenarios are discussed, in the framework of a one-zone leptonic model, where the high energy emission is due to the inverse Compton scattering of the disc and broad line region (BLR) or torus photons by relativistic electrons within the jet. The transition from low to high state is well described by variations of the jet parameters, leaving the external photon fields unchanged. The parameterisation favours an emission scenario with particle injection on a stationary shock inside the jet. When considering all physical constraints, the disc & BLR scenario is preferred for all three sources. We use the multi-epoch modelling to characterize total jet powers and discuss the intrinsic nature of $γ$-NLS1 galaxies and FSRQs.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Prospects of detecting soft X-ray emission from typical WHIM filaments around massive clusters and the Coma cluster soft excess
Creators: name: Churazov, E.
name: Khabibullin, I. I.
name: Dolag, K.
name: Lyskova, N.
name: Sunyaev, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While hot ICM in galaxy clusters makes these objects powerful X-ray sources, the cluster's outskirts and overdense gaseous filaments might give rise to much fainter sub-keV emission. Cosmological simulations show a prominent "focusing" effect of rich clusters on the space density of the Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium (WHIM) filaments up to a distance of $\sim 10\,{\rm Mpc}$ ($\sim$ turnaround radius, $r_{ta}$) and beyond. Here, we use Magneticum simulations to characterize their properties in terms of integrated emission measure for a given temperature and overdensity cut and the level of contamination by the more dense gas. We suggest that the annuli $(\sim 0.5-1)\times \,r_{ta}$ around massive clusters might be the most promising sites for the search of the gas with overdensity $\lesssim 50$. We model spectral signatures of the WHIM in the X-ray band and identify two distinct regimes for the gas at temperatures below and above $\sim 10^6\,{\rm K}$. Using this model, we estimate the sensitivity of X-ray telescopes to the WHIM spectral signatures. We found that the WHIM structures are within reach of future high spectral resolution missions, provided that the low-density gas is not extremely metal-poor. We then consider the Coma cluster observed by SRG/eROSITA during the CalPV phase as an example of a nearby massive object. We found that beyond the central $r\sim 40'$ ($\sim 1100\,{\rm kpc}$) circle, where calibration uncertainties preclude clean separation of the extremely bright cluster emission from a possible softer component, the conservative upper limits are about an order of magnitude larger than the levels expected from simulations.
description: Submitted to MNRAS
title: La musique occidentale des périodes classique et romantique en fond sonore : influences sur le sentiment d'efficacité personnelle
title: La musique occidentale des périodes classique et romantique en fond sonore : influences sur le sentiment d'efficacité personnelle
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Fontimpe, Anastasia
name: Francioli, Jade
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: efficacité personnelle
subject: motivation
subject: musique
subject: inclusion
subject: rituel
subject: élèves à besoins éducatifs particuliers

description: La présente recherche explore l’effet de la musique savante occidentale des périodes classique et romantique en fond sonore sur le sentiment d’efficacité personnelle. La population est constituée de deux classes de 4P comprenant 20 élèves chacune. Le contexte inclusif a permis d’étudier le sentiment d’auto-efficacité des élèves bénéficiant de prestations de pédagogie spécialisée ainsi que de ceux n’en bénéficiant pas. Dans cette recherche, le sentiment d’efficacité personnelle de type général (la relation de l’élève face à la tâche) est distingué du type social (la relation de l’élève face à ses relations sociales). Une échelle de Likert utilisée sous forme de questionnaire a permis de mesurer les deux variables, sociale et générale, du sentiment d’efficacité personnelle lors des prétest et posttest. Pour produire un effet, les élèves de la classe expérimentale ont été mis en contact de musiques des périodes classique et romantique en fond sonore et ce de manière ritualisée durant sept semaines. Les résultats de la recherche ne démontrent pas des effets suffisamment significatifs sur le sentiment d’efficacité personnelle, tant chez les élèves à besoins éducatifs particuliers que ceux n’en ayant point. Cependant, une légère augmentation de la variable sociale du sentiment d’auto-efficacité a été observée auprès des élèves à besoins éducatifs particuliers de la classe expérimentale. À l’inverse, une telle variation a été constatée dans la variable générale chez les élèves n’ayant aucun besoin éducatif particulier. Ces résultats ont pu être influencés par des variables parasites (notamment l’effet maître, le développement de l’enfant, le vécu de l’élève et de la classe). De plus, la population d’élèves n’est pas suffisante pour affirmer ces résultats. À travers cette recherche, et ce malgré les résultats peu significatifs, nous souhaitions sensibiliser les enseignants des effets possibles de rituels, tel que la musique en fond sonore, qu’ils appliquent en classe sur le sentiment d’efficacité personnelle des élèves, dont ceux à besoins éducatifs particuliers.
Older adults and healthcare professionals have limited awareness of the link between the Mediterranean diet and the gut microbiome for healthy aging
Creators: name: O’Mahony, Lauren
name: O’Shea, Emma
name: O'CONNOR, EIBHLIS
name: Tierney, Audrey
name: Harkin, Mary
name: Harrington, Janas
name: Kennelly, Sharon
name: Arendt, Elke
name: O’Toole, Paul W
name: Timmons, Suzanne
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Objectives: Strategies to improve the gut microbiome through consuming an improved diet, including adopting the Mediterranean Diet (MD), may promote healthy aging. We explored older adults’ and healthcare professionals’ (HCPs) perspectives of the MD, gut health, and microbiome for their role in healthy aging.Design: Phenomenological qualitative.Setting: Community-dwelling older adults and HCPs in primary and secondary care in Ireland.Participants: Older adults (aged 55 + years), recruited through social, retirement and disease-support groups. HCPs recruited through researcher networks and professional associations.Measurements: Semi-structured 1:1 interviews and focus groups (FGs) conducted remotely with older adults and HCPs separately. Interviews/FGs were recorded, transcribed, and coded using inductive thematic analysis.Results: Forty-seven older adults were recruited (50% male; 49% aged 60–69 years; 28% 70 +), and 26 HCPs including dietitians (n = 8); geriatricians (n = 6); clinical therapists (n = 4); nurses, pharmacists, catering managers, and meal-delivery service coordinators (n = 2 each). Older adults considered the MD “a nice way to enjoy food,” good for cardiovascular health and longevity, but with accessibility and acceptability challenges (increased salads/fish, different food environments, socio-cultural differences). HCPs felt the MD is included in healthy eating advice, but not overtly, mostly through the promotion of mixed-fiber intake. Older adults considered “live” yogurt and probiotics, and to a lesser extent fiber, to maintain a “healthy gut,”suggesting the gut has “something to do with” cognitive and digestive health. Overall, microbiota-health effects were considered “not common knowledge” among most older adults, but becoming more topical among both professionals and the public with advancing scientific communication.Conclusion: While “gut health” was considered important, specific effects of the MD on gut microbiota, and the significance of this for healthy aging, was under-recognized. Future efforts should explain the importance to older adults of maintaining the gut microbiota through diet, while appreciating perspectives of probiotic products and supplements.
E3 : Keyphrase based News Event Exploration Engine
Creators: name: Jain, Nikita
name: Gupta, Swati
name: Patel, Dhaval
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a novel system E3 for extracting keyphrases from news content for the purpose of offering the news audience a broad overview of news events, with especially high content volume. Given an input query, E3 extracts keyphrases and enrich them by tagging, ranking and finding role for frequently associated keyphrases. Also, E3 finds the novelty and activeness of keyphrases using news publication date, to identify the most interesting and informative keyphrases.
Compact Objects admitting Finch-Skea Symmetry in $f(\mathcal{R},T^2)$ Gravity
Creators: name: Sharif, M.
name: Manzoor, Sana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper investigates the viability and stability of anisotropic compact stars in the framework of $f(\mathcal{R},\mathrm{T}^{2})$ theory ($\mathcal{R}$ is the Ricci scalar and $\mathrm{T}^{2}=\mathrm{T}_{τ\upsilon}\mathrm{T}^{τ\upsilon}$). In this perspective, we use Finch-Skea symmetry and consider different $f(\mathcal{R},\mathrm{T}^{2})$ models to examine physical characteristics of compact stars. We match interior spacetime with the exterior region to find the values of unknown constants. Further, we analyze the behavior of several physical quantities such as effective matter variables, energy bounds, anisotropic factor and equation of state parameters in the interior of Vela X-1, SAX J 1808.4-3658, Her X-1 and PSR J0348+0432 stars. The equilibrium state of these compact stars is examined through the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equation and their stability is checked by causality condition, Herrera cracking approach and adiabatic index. It is found that all the required conditions are fulfilled for the considered models. We can conclude that more viable and stable compact stars are obtained in this modified theory.
description: 26 pages, 11 figures
2D surprises at the surface of 3D materials: confined electron systems in transition metal oxides
Creators: name: Frantzeskakis, Emmanouil
name: Rödel, Tobias Chris
name: Fortuna, Franck
name: Santander-Syro, Andrés Felipe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scope of this article is to review the state-of-the-art in the field of confined electron systems generated at the bare surfaces of transition metal oxides (TMOs). This scientific field is a prime example of a domain where two-dimensional physics and photoemission-based spectroscopic techniques have together set up the development of the story. The discovery of a high-mobility two-dimensional electron system (2DES) at interfaces of transition metal oxides has attracted an immense scientific interest due to new opportunities opened in the emerging field of oxide electronics. The subsequent paradigm shift from interfaces to the bare surfaces of TMOs made the confined electron system accessible to surface-sensitive spectroscopic techniques and this new era is the focus of the present article. We describe how results by means of Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy (ARPES) establish the presence of confined electron carriers at the bare surface of SrTiO$_{3}$(100), which exhibit complex physics phenomena such as orbital ordering, electron-phonon interactions and spin splitting. The key element behind the 2DES generation is oxygen vacancies. Moreover, we review the experimental evidence on the generation of 2DESs on surfaces with different orientation, as well as on different TMO substrates. The electronic structure of the confined electron system responds to such changes, thereby providing external means for engineering its properties. Finally, we identify new directions for future research by introducing a device-friendly fabrication protocol for the generation of 2DESs on TMO surfaces.
description: review on 2D electron gases on bare oxide surfaces: 15 pages, 11 figures
Star formation associated with neutral hydrogen in the outskirts of early-type galaxies
Creators: name: Yıldız, Mustafa K.
name: Serra, Paolo
name: Peletier, Reynier F.
name: Oosterloo, Tom A.
name: Duc, Pierre-Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: About 20 percent of all nearby early-type galaxies ($M_{\star} \gtrsim 6 \times 10^{9}$ M$_{\odot}$) outside the Virgo cluster are surrounded by a disc or ring of low-column-density neutral hydrogen (HI) gas with typical radii of tens of kpc, much larger than the stellar body. In order to understand the impact of these gas reservoirs on the host galaxies, we analyse the distribution of star formation out to large radii as a function of HI properties using GALEX UV and SDSS optical images. Our sample consists of 18 HI-rich galaxies as well as 55 control galaxies where no HI has been detected. In half of the HI-rich galaxies the radial UV profile changes slope at the position of the HI radial profile peak. To study the stellar populations, we calculate the FUV-NUV and UV-optical colours in two apertures, 1-3 and 3-10 R$_{eff}$ . We find that HI -rich galaxies are on average 0.5 and 0.8 mag bluer than the HI-poor ones, respectively. This indicates that a significant fraction of the UV emission traces recent star formation and is associated with the HI gas. Using FUV emission as a proxy for star formation, we estimate the integrated star formation rate in the outer regions (R > 1R$_{eff}$) to be on average $6 \times 10^{-3}$ M$_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$ for the HI-rich galaxies. This rate is too low to build a substantial stellar disc and, therefore, change the morphology of the host. We find that the star formation efficiency and the gas depletion time are similar to those at the outskirts of spirals.
description: 27 pages (13 without appendices). 9 figures, 5 tables, 2 appendix tables and 12 appendix figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Auditoria interna sobre risco de queda em uma enfermaria hematológica.
Creators: name: De Oliveira Catão, Esther
name: Kayan Oliveira Servini
name: Thiago Ferreira De Freitas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Risco de quedas; Auditoria Interna; Enfermagem

description: Produto de Ensino Teórico Prático da Disciplina de Gerência de Enfermagem II Docentes: Érica Brandão de Moraes, Geilsa Soraia Cavalcanti Valente e Lívia Bertasso Araujo Portugal Preceptora: Enfermeiro Thiago Ferreira de Freitas
From Dynamics to Contact and Symplectic Topology and Back
Creators: name: Nelson, Jo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This is a light survey article about the origins of contact and symplectic topology in dynamics and the more recent developments in the field. In lieu of formulas, numerous anecdotes are given.
description: 10 pages. Many thanks are due to Alan Weinstein and Helmut Hofer for sharing their recollections on early symplectic history
Stock Market Market Crash of 2008: an empirical study of the deviation of share prices from company fundamentals
Creators: name: Kaizoji, Taisei
name: Miyano, Michiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: Pricing of Securities (q-fin.PR)
subject: Risk Management (q-fin.RM)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The aim of this study is to investigate quantitatively whether share prices deviated from company fundamentals in the stock market crash of 2008. For this purpose, we use a large database containing the balance sheets and share prices of 7,796 worldwide companies for the period 2004 through 2013. We develop a panel regression model using three financial indicators--dividends per share, cash flow per share, and book value per share--as explanatory variables for share price. We then estimate individual company fundamentals for each year by removing the time fixed effects from the two-way fixed effects model, which we identified as the best of the panel regression models. One merit of our model is that we are able to extract unobservable factors of company fundamentals by using the individual fixed effects. Based on these results, we analyze the market anomaly quantitatively using the divergence rate--the rate of the deviation of share price from a company's fundamentals. We find that share prices on average were overvalued in the period from 2005 to 2007, and were undervalued significantly in 2008, when the global financial crisis occurred. Share prices were equivalent to the fundamentals on average in the subsequent period. Our empirical results clearly demonstrate that the worldwide stock market fluctuated excessively in the time period before and just after the global financial crisis of 2008.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Memory effect induced macroscopic-microscopic entanglement
Creators: name: Mu, Qingxia
name: Zhao, Xinyu
name: Yu, Ting
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study optomechanical entanglement between an optical cavity field and a movable mirror coupled to a non-Markovian environment. The non-Markovian quantum state diffusion (NMQSD) approach and the non-Markovian master equation are shown to be useful in investigating the entanglement generation between the cavity field and the movable mirror. The simple model presented in this paper demonstrates several interesting properties of optomechanical entanglement that are associated with environment memory effects. It is evident that the effective environment central frequency can be used to modulate the optomechanical entanglement. In addition, we show that the maximum entanglement may be achieved by properly choosing the effective detuning which is significantly dependent on the strength of the memory effect of the environment.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Meridional Circulation driven by Planetary Spiral Wakes in Radiative and Magnetized Protoplanetary Discs
Creators: name: Cilibrasi, Marco
name: Flock, Mario
name: Szulágyi, Judit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a Jupiter-mass planet formation for the first time in radiative magneto-hydrodynamics (MHD) simulations and compare it with pure hydrodynamical simulations, as well as to different isothermal configurations. We found that the meridional circulation is the same in every setup. The planetary spiral wakes drive a vertical stirring inside the protoplanetary disc and the encounter with these shock fronts also helps in delivering gas vertically onto the Hill-sphere. The accretion dynamics are unchanged: the planet accretes vertically, and there is outflow in the midplane regions inside the Hill-sphere. We determined the effective $α$-viscosity generated in the disc by the various angular momentum loss mechanisms, which showed that magnetic fields produce high turbulence in the ideal MHD limit, that grows from $α\sim 10^{-2.5}$ up to $\sim 10^{-1.5}$ after the planet spirals develop. In the HD simulations, the planetary spirals contribute to $α\sim 10^{-3}$, making this a very important angular momentum transport mechanism. Due to the various $α$ values in the different setups, the gap opening is different in each case. In the radiative MHD setups, the high turbulent viscosity prevents gap opening, leading to a higher Hill mass, and no clear dust trapping regions. While the Hill accretion rate is $10^{-6} \rm{M_{Jup}/yr}$ in all setups, the accretion variability is orders of magnitude higher in radiative runs than in isothermal ones. Finally, with higher-resolution runs, the magneto-rotational instability started to be resolved, changing the effective viscosity and increasing the heating in the disc.
Almost sure purely singular continuous spectrum for quasicrystal models
Creators: name: Seifert, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We review recent developments in the spectral theory of continuum one-dimensional quasicystals, yielding purely singular continuous spectrum for these Schrödinger operators. Allowing measures as potentials we can generalize some results to very singular potentials, including Kronig-Penney type models.
Prediction of Solar Flares Using Unique Signatures of Magnetic Field Images
Creators: name: Raboonik, Abbas
name: Safari, Hossein
name: Alipour, Nasibe
name: Wheatland, Michael S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Prediction of solar flares is an important task in solar physics. The occurrence of solar flares is highly dependent on the structure and the topology of solar magnetic fields. A new method for predicting large (M and X class) flares is presented, which uses machine learning methods applied to the Zernike moments of magnetograms observed by the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) for a period of six years from 2 June 2010 to 1 August 2016. Magnetic field images consisting of the radial component of the magnetic field are converted to finite sets of Zernike moments and fed to the Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier. Zernike moments have the capability to elicit unique features from any 2-D image, which may allow more accurate classification. The results indicate whether an arbitrary active region has the potential to produce at least one large flare. We show that the majority of large flares can be predicted within 48 hours before their occurrence, with only 10 false negatives out of 385 flaring active region magnetograms, and 21 false positives out of 179 non-flaring active region magnetograms. Our method may provide a useful tool for prediction of solar flares which can be employed alongside other forecasting methods.
description: This paper has been accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Yoneda completeness and flat completeness of ordered fuzzy sets
Creators: name: Li, Wei
name: Lai, Hongliang
name: Zhang, Dexue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper studies Yoneda completeness and flat completeness of ordered fuzzy sets valued in the quantale obtained by endowing the unit interval with a continuous triangular norm. Both of these notions are natural extension of directed completeness in order theory to the fuzzy setting. Yoneda completeness requires every forward Cauchy net converges (has a Yoneda limit), while flat completeness requires every flat weight (a counterpart of ideals in partially ordered sets) has a supremum. It is proved that flat completeness implies Yoneda completeness, but, the converse implication holds only in the case that the related triangular norm is either isomorphic to the Lukasiewicz t-norm or to the product t-norm.
description: 25 pages in Fuzzy Sets and Systems (2016)
Growth of REBa2Cu3Ox single-crystal whiskers utilizing the concept of high-entropy alloys
Creators: name: Suzuki, Yasunori
name: Nagao, Masanori
name: Maruyama, Yuki
name: Watauchi, Satoshi
name: Tanaka, Isao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single-crystal whiskers of REBa2Cu3Ox (RE-123, RE: rare earth element) cuprate superconductors were successfully grown using Te-doped precursors utilizing the concept of high-entropy-alloys (HEAs) at the RE site. The obtained whiskers were 0.5-1.0 mm length with approximately 10 um thickness. The width of the flat surface, which corresponds to the ab-plane, was 10-50 um. The RE site of the grown whiskers could be easily substituted by large ionic radius RE elements (Gd, Dy, and Ho). Substitution with small ionic radius RE elements (Tm, Yb, and Lu) resulted in the opposite trend. The superconducting transition temperature and superconducting anisotropy of the grown RE-123 whiskers were 89-93 K and 6-10, respectively. The mixed entropy at the RE site in the RE-123 whiskers did not affect the superconducting transition temperature and superconducting anisotropy.
description: 27 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables
A Low-Complexity Transceiver Design in Sparse Multipath Massive MIMO Channels
Creators: name: Yu, Yuehua
name: Wang, Peng
name: Chen, He
name: Li, Yonghui
name: Vucetic, Branka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this letter, we develop a low-complexity transceiver design, referred to as semi-random beam pairing (SRBP), for sparse multipath massive MIMO channels. By exploring a sparse representation of the MIMO channel in the virtual angular domain, we generate a set of transmit-receive beam pairs in a semi-random way to support the simultaneous transmission of multiple data streams. These data streams can be easily separated at the receiver via a successive interference cancelation (SIC) technique, and the power allocation among them are optimized based on the classical waterfilling principle. The achieved degree of freedom (DoF) and capacity of the proposed approach are analyzed. Simulation results show that, compared to the conventional singular value decomposition (SVD)-based method, the proposed transceiver design can achieve near-optimal DoF and capacity with a significantly lower computational complexity.
description: Accepted to appear in IEEE Signal Processing Letters
Minimum-Time Selective Control of Homonuclear Spins
Creators: name: Zhang, Tian-Ming
name: Wu, Re-Bing
name: Zhang, Fei-Hao
name: Tarn, Tzyh-Jong
name: Long, Gui-Lu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) quantum computation, the selective control of multiple homonuclear spins is usually slow because their resonance frequencies are very close to each other. To quickly implement controls against decoherence effects, this paper presents an efficient numerical algorithm fordesigning minimum-time local transformations in two homonuclear spins. We obtain an accurate minimum-time estimation via geometric analysis on the two-timescale decomposition of the dynamics. Such estimation narrows down the range of search for the minimum-time control with a gradient-type optimization algorithm. Numerical simulations show that this method can remarkably reduce the search efforts, especially when the frequency difference is very small and the control field is high. Its effectiveness is further demonstrated by NMR experiments with two homunuclear carbon spins in a trichloroethylene (C2H1Cl3) sample system.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
GraphIT: Iterative reweighted $\ell_1$ algorithm for sparse graph inference in state-space models
Creators: name: Chouzenoux, Emilie
name: Elvira, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: State-space models (SSMs) are a common tool for modeling multi-variate discrete-time signals. The linear-Gaussian (LG) SSM is widely applied as it allows for a closed-form solution at inference, if the model parameters are known. However, they are rarely available in real-world problems and must be estimated. Promoting sparsity of these parameters favours both interpretability and tractable inference. In this work, we propose GraphIT, a majorization-minimization (MM) algorithm for estimating the linear operator in the state equation of an LG-SSM under sparse prior. A versatile family of non-convex regularization potentials is proposed. The MM method relies on tools inherited from the expectation-maximization methodology and the iterated reweighted-l1 approach. In particular, we derive a suitable convex upper bound for the objective function, that we then minimize using a proximal splitting algorithm. Numerical experiments illustrate the benefits of the proposed inference technique.