cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Investigating the Effect of Familiarity with Target Document on Retrieval Success in Group Information Repositories
Creators: name: Hii, Kimberly
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: system they are not familiar with in order to retrieve a file they were told about (for
example, a new member of an organization who has to fill out a form may be instructed
to look for a template on the organization’s network drive). This individual may
encounter difficulties finding the file or experience frustration during the process, as their
incomplete knowledge of where the file is in the folder hierarchy or how to start looking
for it may lead them to spend a lot of time looking in the wrong places or trying to ‘work
out’ where the most likely location of the file might be. The purpose of this study is to
investigate the factors influencing how successfully and effectively a user is able to
retrieve a file from a shared information repository when they may not be fully aware of
its contents or location. The re-finding context was a desktop hierarchical folder structure
linked to a cloud-based group information repository (Dropbox).
 RQ1: How does familiarity with the retrieval target influence retrieval success and
retrieval efficiency?
o Hypothesis: Familiarity with the retrieval target is positively correlated
with retrieval success and retrieval efficiency.
 RQ2: What are common characteristics of re-finding experiences in shared
folders?
In this study, an elicited personal information retrieval method (detailed in the
Literature Review and Section 3.2) is used in conjunction with qualitative methods; as the
quantitative data obtained on retrieval outcomes can be linked to the qualitative data
gathered from the same participants, this procedure generates explanatory in addition to
descriptive information.
Axiomatic conformal theory in dimensions >2 and AdS/CT correspondence
Creators: name: Schwarz, Albert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate axioms of conformal theory (CT) in dimensions $>2$ modifying Segal's axioms for two-dimensional CFT. (In the definition of higher-dimensional CFT one includes also a condition of existence of energy-momentum tensor.) We use these axioms to derive the AdS/CT correspondence for local theories on AdS . We introduce a notion of weakly local quantum field theory and construct a bijective correspondence between conformal theories on the sphere $S^d$ and weakly local quantum field theories on $H^{d+1}$ that are invariant with respect to isometries. (Here $H^{d+1}$ denotes hyperbolic space= Euclidean AdS space.) We give an expression of AdS correlation functions in terms of CT correlation functions. The conformal theory has conserved energy-momentum tensor iff the AdS theory has graviton in its spectrum.
description: 15 pages. Minor changes (mostly in terminology)
Coordinated Expansion Planning of Transmission and Distribution Systems Integrated with Smart Grid Technologies
Creators: name: Moradi-Sepahvand, Mojtaba
name: Amraee, Turaj
name: Aminifar, Farrokh
name: Akbari, Amirhossein
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Integration of smart grid technologies in distribution systems, particularly behind-the-meter initiatives, has a direct impact on transmission network planning. This paper develops a coordinated expansion planning of transmission and active distribution systems via a stochastic multistage mathematical programming model. In the transmission level, in addition to lines, sitting and sizing of utility-scale battery energy storage systems and wind power plants under renewable portfolio standard policy are planned. Switchable feeders and distributed generations are decision variables in the distribution level while the impact of demand response programs as a sort of behind-the-meter technologies is accommodated as well. Expansion of electric vehicle taxi charging stations is included as a feasible option in both transmission and distribution levels. In order to deal with short-term uncertainty of load demand, renewable energy sources output power, and the charging pattern of electric vehicle taxis in each station, a chronological time-period clustering algorithm along with Monte Carlo simulation is utilized. The proposed model is tackled by means of Benders Dual Decomposition (BDD) method. The IEEE RTS test system (as the transmission system) along with four IEEE 33-node test feeders (as distribution test systems) are examined to validate effectiveness of the proposed model.
Exciton-Polariton Trapping and Potential Landscape Engineering
Creators: name: Schneider, C.
name: Winkler, K.
name: Fraser, M. D.
name: Kamp, M.
name: Yamamoto, Y.
name: Ostrovskaya, E. A.
name: Hoefling, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exciton-polaritons in semiconductor microcavities have advanced to become a model system for studying dynamical Bose-Einstein condensation, macroscopic coherence, many-body effects, nonclassical states of light and matter, and possibly quantum phase transitions in a solid state. Being low mass bosons, these light-matter quasiparticles can condense at comparably high temperatures up to 300K, while preserving fundamental properties such as coherence in space and time domain even when they are out of equilibrium with the environment. Although the presence of an in-plane polariton confinement potential is not strictly necessary in order to observe condensation of polaritons, engineering the polariton confinement is a key to controlling, shaping and directing the flow of polaritons. Prototype polariton-based optoelectronic devices rely on ultrafast photon-like velocities and strong nonlinearities, as well as on tailored confinement. Nanotechnology provides several pathways to achieving such a confinement, and the specific features and advantages of the different techniques are discussed in this paper. As hybrid exciton-photon quasiparticles, polaritons can be trapped via their excitonic as well as their photonic component, which leads to a wide choice of highly complementary techniques. Here we highlight the almost free choice of trapping geometries and depths of confinement that provides a powerful tool for control and manipulation of polariton systems both in semi-classical and quantum domain. Furthermore, the possibility to observe effects of polariton blockade, Mott insulator physics, and population of higher-order bands in sophisticated lattice potentials is discussed. The observation of such effects will signify the opportunity for the realization of novel polaritonic non-classical light sources and quantum simulators.
Supplemental.Table_S1
Creators: name: Schleh, Michael
name: Ahn, Cheehoon
name: Ryan, Benjamin
name: Chugh, Olivia K
name: Luker, Austin T
name: Luker, Kathryn E.
name: Gillen, Jenna B.
name: Zhang, Tao
name: Burant, Charles
F.
name: Horowitz, Jeffrey F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Exercise physiology

description: Supplemental Table S1 - Antibodies and reagents
Education, Household Structure, and the Gender Earnings Gap
Creators: name: McGee, Geoffrey
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: The purpose of this study is to test two competing explanations for the gender earnings gap, those explanations being that differences in premarket human capital explain most of the gap, or that differences in household structure explain most of the gap. This is accomplished via a mediation analysis, where the relationship between gender and earnings is mediated by variables indicating premarket human capital as well as variables indicating household structure. The data used is the Educational Longitudinal Survey. I find that the most compelling explanation for the gender earnings gap is not differences in premarket human capital, which do not explain very much of the gap on their own. Rather, the most compelling explanation is differences in household structure, especially differences in the amount of hours spent in the labor market between men and women.
Homologically trivial part of the Turaev-Viro invariant order 7
Creators: name: Korablev, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57K31

description: A homologically trivial part of any Turaev-Viro invariant odd order $r$ is a Turaev-Viro type invariant order $\frac{r + 1}{2}$. In this paper we find an explicit formulas for this Turaev -- Viro type invariant, corresponding to the invariant order $r = 7$. Our formulas express $6j$-symbols and colour weights in terms of $γ$, where $γ$ is a root of the polynomial $\mathcal{T}(x) = x^3 - 2x^2 - x + 1$.
description: This is a translation into English of the paper published in Siberian Electronic Mathematical Reports, 2022, Vol. 19, no. 2
Probing molecular dynamics at the nanoscale via an individual paramagnetic center
Creators: name: Staudacher, T.
name: Raatz, N.
name: Pezzagna, S.
name: Meijer, J.
name: Reinhard, F.
name: Meriles, C. A.
name: Wrachtrup, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the dynamics of molecules adsorbed to surfaces or confined to small volumes is a matter of increasing scientific and technological importance. Here, we demonstrate a pulse protocol using individual paramagnetic nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond to observe the time evolution of 1H spins from organic molecules located a few nanometers from the diamond surface. The protocol records temporal correlations among the interacting 1H spins, and thus is sensitive to the local system dynamics via its impact on the nuclear spin relaxation and interaction with the NV. We are able to gather information on the nanoscale rotational and translational diffusion dynamics by carefully analyzing the time dependence of the NMR signal. Applying this technique to various liquid and solid samples, we find evidence that liquid samples form a semi-solid layer of 1.5 nm thickness on the surface of diamond, where translational diffusion is suppressed while rotational diffusion remains present. Extensions of the present technique could be adapted to highlight the chemical composition of molecules tethered to the diamond surface or to investigate thermally or chemically activated dynamical processes such as molecular folding.
Integrated Expansion Planning of Electric Energy Generation, Transmission, and Storage for Handling High Shares of Wind and Solar Power Generation
Creators: name: Moradi-Sepahvand, Mojtaba
name: Amraee, Turaj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, an integrated multi-period model for long term expansion planning of electric energy transmission grid, power generation technologies, and energy storage devices is introduced. The proposed method gives the type, size and location of generation, transmission and storage devices to supply the electric load demand over the planning horizon. The sitting and sizing of Battery Energy Storage (BES) devices as flexible options is addressed to cover the intermittency of Renewable Energy Sources (RESs), mitigate lines congestion, and postpone the need for new transmission lines and power plants installation. For efficient handling of RESs uncertainties, and operational flexibility, the upward and downward Flexible Ramp Spinning Reserve (FRSR) are modeled. Besides, the Low-Carbon Policy (LCP) is considered in the objective function of the proposed Transmission, Generation, and Storage Expansion Planning (TGSEP) model. A hierarchical clustering method that can preserve the chronology of input time series throughout the planning horizon periods is developed to capture the short-term uncertainties of load demand and RESs. The short-term operational flexibility requirements make the joint long-term transmission and generation planning a high computational problem. Therefore, the Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) formulation of the model is solved using an accelerated Benders Dual Decomposition (BDD) method. The IEEE RTS test system is utilized to validate the effectiveness of the proposed joint expansion planning model.
Laughter as a Buffer for Negative Thoughts in Anxiety-Provoking Situations
Creators: name: Knowles, Kelly
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Laughter is a phenomenon that occurs in a variety of contexts and has effects at social, cognitive, and physiological levels. Laughter is linked to positive emotions, which have been theorized to broaden thought-action repertoires and build social and psychological resources; however, few studies have examined the effects of laughter in an experimental manner. In times of anxiety, people could especially benefit from more flexible thoughts and increased social and psychological resources, and laughter may be a useful tool in the psychological arsenal. In this study, I attempt to use laughter as an intervention to reduce anxiety after the induction of an anxious state. I compare the effects of genuine laughter to the effects of another positive state, relaxation, as well as to a forced laughter condition and a control condition without an intervention, on subjective ratings of anxiety and cognitions. Although laughter was not found to affect self-reported ratings of anxiety, it did significantly lessen the degree of negative thoughts regarding the anxiety-provoking situation compared to the other three conditions. Genuine laughter also reduced implicit attentional bias toward social threat compared to the control condition, as measured by an emotional Stroop task. Future research could extend this finding by exploring the utility of laughter in a therapeutic setting with clinically anxious clients, as anxiety disorders are characterized by an attentional bias to perceived threat and inflexible, negative cognitions about situations or objects that are found threatening. Using laughter along with traditional cognitive-behavioral therapy might increase treatment success rates and overall client well-being.
Gastrodia pubilabiata Y. Sawa 1980
Creators: name: Suetsugu, Kenji
name: Fukunaga, Hirokazu
name: Sawa, Shinichiro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Orchidaceae
Gastrodia
Gastrodia pubilabiata

description: Gastrodia pubilabiata Y. Sawa (1980: 64)
 Type:— JAPAN. Kochi Prefecture, Nankoku City, Mt. Mukoyama, alt. ca. 20 m, 30 October 1979, Y. Sawa O-135 (holotype: MBK-0017859!; isotype: KYO not found; KOCH not found).
 Epitype (designated here):— JAPAN. Kochi Prefecture, Nankoku City, Mt. Mukoyama, 29 September 1984, Y. Sawa 3092 (MBK!).
description: Published as part of Suetsugu, Kenji, Fukunaga, Hirokazu & Sawa, Shinichiro, 2018, Epitypification of Gastrodia pubilabiata (Gastrodieae, Epidendroideae, Orchidaceae), pp. 193-196 in Phytotaxa 347 (2) on page 195, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.347.2.9, http://zenodo.org/record/13707929
How Informed is the Physician's Off-label Choice?
Creators: name: Bongu, Srihita
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: To the best of our knowledge, there is no literature at this point in time which indicates
how heavily the physician considers the evolving story of clinical support behind each off-label
use of a drug. According to previous studies, off-label prescriptions, or any FDA unapproved use
for an approved drug, comprise over 30% of all prescriptions by physicians in the United States.
Though the FDA currently bans promotion of drugs for off-label uses, a physician is free to
prescribe the choice that maximizes their patient’s health. In this paper, we use prescription level
data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) from 2007 to 2011. We first determine
whether each prescription was an on-label or off-label, and then match the off-label indications
to their associated clinical support via diagnosis (ICD-9) code. Using an alternative-specific
conditional logistic regression, we estimate how the level of clinical support found in the Merck
Manual, an online medical textbook, affects the probability of off-label choice being prescribed
for a specific condition. Our research thus gives important insight for regulatory bodies into
whether or not physicians are prescribing drugs in a manner that improves public health overall.
For a ban lift on off-label promotion to be productive, physicians in the present regulatory
environment need to be prescribing alternatives that maximize patient utility.
Numerical Cohomology
Creators: name: Price, Thomas M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14G40 (Primary) 18G99 (Secondary)

description: We develop a numerical approach to cohomology. Essentially, vector spaces and linear maps are replaced by real numbers, which represent dimensions of vector spaces and ranks of linear maps. We use this to refine ideas of Van der Geer and Schoof about the cohomology of Arakelov bundles.
description: To appear in Algebraic Geometry
Geodesic structure of five-dimensional non-asymptotically flat 2-branes
Creators: name: Chandler, Jesse
name: Emam, Moataz H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the geodesics of a five dimensional non-asymptotically flat dilatonic 2-brane. Although the metric's warp function diverges logarithmically in the far field region of the transverse space, the curvature does not. The brane has two naked singularities, the usual central singularity and a circular singularity at the radius where the warp function vanishes. This creates two causally disconnected regions of the transverse space. Using the methods of energy conservation and effective potentials we study the null and timelike orbital and radial geodesics in both regions and show that they exhibit opposing energy requirements.
description: 14 pages, 14 figures
Bulbochaete thanguensis Manasi Mandal & D. Maity 2018, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Mandal, Manasi
name: Maity, Debabrata
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Chlorophyta
Chlorophyceae
Oedogoniales
Oedogoniaceae
Bulbochaete
Bulbochaete thanguensis

description: Bulbochaete thanguensis M. Mandal & D. Maity, sp. nov.
Nannandrous, gynandrosporous; androsporous cells11–12.5 μm in diam, 9–12 μm long; vegetative cells 7.5–12.5μm diam, 22–33.5μm long; basal cells 9–15.5 μm diam, 25–33 μm long; oogonium lateral, sometimes patent, oblongoid to slightly ellipsoid, situated below a terminal setae or vegetative cell, 19.7–26 μm diam, 39–43.7μm long, poriferous, pore superior; division of suffultory cell supreme; oospore oblongoid-elliosoid, 18.7–21.8 μm diam, 37.5–40.6 μm long; spore wall longitudinally costate; costae dentate, teeth of adjacent costae interconnected by transverse line; dwarf male usually on vegetative cell and sometimes on oogonium, 7.3–11 μm diam, 12.5–15.6 μm long; antheridia up to 4-seriate, exterior, 4–6.5 μm diam, 4–5.5 μm long; spermatozoids two, 2.5–3.5 μm diam, 2–3 μm long, division horizontal.
 Holotype:— Sikkim, Thangu, Chopta valley, growing attached to the aquatic weeds, 27054/ 17 // N, 88031/ 27 // E, 4006 m a.s.l., 28 July 2015, Maity, Dey & Maiti 014-alg (CUH). Slide # 6–11.
 Iconotype:— Fig.1A.
 Habitat:— Growing in marshy places of about 0.4 m in depth, attached to the aquatic weeds like Carex sp., Potamogeton nodosus, etc. along with different species of filamentous green algae (Oedogonium, Spirogyra, Zygnema), desmids (Closterium, Cosmarium, Euastrum, Micrasterias) and blue green algae (Anabaen a, Gloeotrichia) and other two Bulbochaete taxa, viz. Bulbochaete mirabilis Wittrock var. mirabilis f. immersa (Wittrock) Hirn and Bulbochaete pygmaea Pringsheim ex Hirn (Temp. 5–8° C, pH 7.2).
 Distribution: — India: Himalaya: Sikkim. 4000–4100 m a.s.l.
 Etymology: —The species epithet is derived from the name of the type locality Thangu valley, a place of North Sikkim.
description: Published as part of Mandal, Manasi & Maity, Debabrata, 2018, Bulbochaete thanguensis (Oedogoniaceae), a new species from Sikkim Himalaya, India, pp. 280-286 in Phytotaxa 346 (3) on page 281, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.346.3.7, http://zenodo.org/record/13707935
Women 1.5 Times More Likely to Leave STEM Pipeline After Calculus Compared to Men: Lack of Mathematical Confidence a Potential Culprit
Creators: name: Ellis, Jessica
name: Fosdick, Bailey
name: Rasmussen, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 97C99

description: The substantial gender gap in the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) workforce can be traced back to the underrepresentation of women at various milestones in the career pathway. Calculus is a necessary step in this pathway and has been shown to often dissuade people from pursuing STEM fields. We examine the characteristics of students who begin college interested in STEM and either persist or switch out of the calculus sequence after taking Calculus I, and hence either continue to pursue a STEM major or are dissuaded from STEM disciplines. The data come from a unique, national survey focused on mainstream college calculus. Our analyses show that, while controlling for academic preparedness, career intentions, and instruction, the odds of a woman being dissuaded from continuing in calculus is 1.5 times greater than that for a man. Furthermore, women report they do not understand the course material well enough to continue significantly more often than men. When comparing women and men with above-average mathematical abilities and preparedness, we find women start and end the term with significantly lower mathematical confidence than men. This suggests a lack of mathematical confidence, rather than a lack of mathematically ability, may be responsible for the high departure rate of women. While it would be ideal to increase interest and participation of women in STEM at all stages of their careers, our findings indicate that simply increasing the retention of women starting in college calculus would almost double the number of women entering the STEM workforce.
description: 27 pages, 3 figures, includes Supplemental Information
Un secchio di legno ed un cratere di Prassitele: citazioni metaletterarie nel V idillio di Teocrito (Theocr. V, 104-15).
Creators: name: Belloni, Luigi
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Trento
Year: 2010

description: Il lavoro si propone di identificare un procedimento letterario caratteristico di Teocrito, ravvisabile in un testo gi� molto significativo per il suo valore metaletterario. Nel contesto dell' agone che il poeta ricostruisce con grande cura, la citazione del secchio di legno e del cratere di Prassitele dovrebbe rievocare contenuti e stilemi tipici del 'poeta doctus'; si prospetta inoltre l' ipotesi che l' immagine del cratere, sulla scorta della poesia simposiale, alluda alla contaminazione dei generi letterari, praticata da Teocrito in pi� circostanze e con esiti diversi.
Deep Learning-Based Hurricane Resilient Co-planning of Transmission Lines, Battery Energy Storages and Wind Farms
Creators: name: Moradi-Sepahvand, Mojtaba
name: Amraee, Turaj
name: Gougheri, Saleh Sadeghi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, a multi-stage model for expansion co-planning of transmission lines, Battery Energy Storages (BESs), and Wind Farms (WFs) is presented considering resilience against extreme weather events. In addition to High Voltage Alternating Current (HVAC) lines, Multi-Terminal Voltage Source Converter (MTVSC) based High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) lines are planned to reduce the impact of high-risk events. To evaluate the system resilience against hurricanes, probable hurricane speed (HS) scenarios are generated using Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS). The Fragility Curve (FC) concept is utilized for calculating the failure probability of lines due to extreme hurricanes. Based on each hurricane damage, the probable scenarios are incorporated in the proposed model. Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS) policy is modeled to integrate high penetration of WFs. To deal with the wind power and load demand uncertainties, a Chronological Time-Period Clustering (CTPC) algorithm is introduced for extracting representative hours in each planning stage. A deep learning approach based on Bi-directional Long Short-Term Memory (B-LSTM) networks is presented to forecast the yearly peak loads. The Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) formulation of the proposed model is solved using a Benders Decomposition (BD) algorithm. A modified IEEE RTS test system is used to evaluate the proposed model effectiveness.
Identifying components of the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) signaling pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana
Creators: name: Allen, Hope
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) is the precursor of ethylene, a critical hormone to many aspects of plant growth, development, and responses to stress. Several studies indicate that ACC may act outside of the ethylene biosynthesis pathway in a non-canonical way as a signaling molecule. Loss-of-function mutations in the EIN2 gene confer insensitivity to ethylene. The ein2-5 mutant is insensitive to ethylene in a root elongation assay, but displays nearly comparable levels of sensitivity to ACC as wild-type seedlings using a similar assay. This, along with other studies, suggests that ACC may act as a signaling molecule to regulate plant development. In order to elucidate the elements involved in ACC signaling pathway, a forward genetic screen was conducted to identify mutants that displayed insensitivity to ACC using an ein2 mutant background. In order to identify mutants, the EMS-mutagenized ein2-5 seedlings were grown on media containing high concentrations of ACC. Seedlings that displayed the longest roots were selected and propagated into the next generation for further testing. From this genetic screen, 26 promising candidate mutants were selected that re-tested as ACC-insensitive, and 25 were subjected to whole-genome sequencing in order to determine causal single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Additional morphological and physiological analyses were performed on the selected mutants in parallel to mapping by sequencing. Identification of genes involved in the response to ACC should help elucidate the ACC signaling pathway in plants as well as the role that ACC plays in various aspects of plant development, including cell wall synthesis.
The Deuterium Fraction in Massive Starless Cores and Dynamical Implications
Creators: name: Kong, Shuo
name: Tan, Jonathan C.
name: Caselli, Paola
name: Fontani, Francesco
name: Pillai, Thushara
name: Butler, Michael J.
name: Shimajiri, Yoshito
name: Nakamura, Fumitaka
name: Sakai, Takeshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study deuterium fractionation in two massive starless/early-stage cores C1-N and C1-S in Infrared Dark Cloud (IRDC) G028.37+00.07, first identified by Tan et al. (2013) with ALMA. Line emission from multiple transitions of $\rm N_2H^+$ and $\rm N_2D^+$ were observed with the ALMA, CARMA, SMA, JCMT, NRO 45m and IRAM 30m telescopes. By simultaneously fitting the spectra, we estimate the excitation conditions and deuterium fraction, $D_{\rm frac}^{\rm N_2H^+} \equiv [\rm N_2D^+]/[N_2H^+]$, with values of $D_{\rm frac}^{\rm N_2H^+} \simeq 0.2$--$0.7$, several orders of magnitude above the cosmic [D]/[H] ratio. Additional observations of o-H$_2$D$^+$ are also presented that help constrain the ortho-to-para ratio of $\rm H_2$, which is a key quantity affecting the degree of deuteration. We then present chemodynamical modeling of the two cores, exploring especially the implications for the collapse rate relative to free-fall, $α_{\rm ff}$. In order to reach the high level of observed deuteration of $\rm N_2H^+$, we find that the most likely evolutionary history of the cores involves collapse at a relatively slow rate, $\lesssim1/10$th of free-fall.
description: 22 pages, 19 figures, accepted by ApJ
Spin polarization effects in neutron stars
Creators: name: Riz, Luca
Publisher: name: Universit� degli studi di Trento
Year: 2020

description: This thesis is concerned with effects of spin polarization in neutron stars. In particular, we focus on static and dynamic properties of dense neutron matter. We use two different kind of potential to perform our studies: the phenomenological two-body Argonne V$8$' potential plus the three-body Urbana IX force and a modern local version of chiral effective potential up to next-to-next-to-leading order (N$2$LO). Estimates are calculated for the neutrino mean free path in partially spin-polarized neutron matter starting from Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) simulations and using mean-field approaches to compute the response function in the longitudinal and transverse channel. We also compute magnetic susceptibility of dense neutron matter from accurate QMC calculations of partially spin-polarized systems. Twist-averaged boundary conditions (TABC) have been implemented to reduce finite-size effects. In the results, we also account for the theoretical uncertainty coming from the chiral expansion scheme. These results may play a role in studying high-energy phenomena such as neutron star mergers and supernova explosions, although they have been computed only at T$=0$ K.
A Preprocessing Algorithm for Semidefinite Programming
Creators: name: Faulk, Preston
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: We describe and implement a preprocessing algorithm in MATLAB, FP, for semidefinite programming which is capable of detecting infeasibility or detecting and removing redundancy. The reduction algorithm results in improved performance using an SDP solver, SeDuMi, as measured by DIMACS error bounds and timing. We compare FP to another preprocessing algorithm, from [4], by comparing results on two sets of SDP's: PP and Henrion. [4] performs better than FP on the PP set but FP performs better than [4] on the Henrion set.
Hybrid AC/DC Transmission Expansion Planning Considering HVAC to HVDC Conversion Under Renewable Penetration
Creators: name: Moradi-Sepahvand, Mojtaba
name: Amraee, Turaj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, a dynamic (i.e. multi-year) hybrid model is presented for Transmission Expansion Planning (TEP) utilizing the High Voltage Alternating Current (HVAC) and multiterminal Voltage Sourced Converter (VSC)-based High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) alternatives. In addition to new HVAC and HVDC lines, the possibility of converting existing HVAC transmission lines to HVDC lines is considered in the proposed model. High shares of renewable resources are integrated into the proposed hybrid AC/DC TEP model. Due to the intermittency of renewable resources, the planning of large-scale Energy Storage (ES) devices is considered. In order to accurately estimate the total TEP costs and hence capturing the scenarios of load and renewable generation uncertainty, using a clustering approach, each year of the planning horizon is replaced with four representative days. The proposed model is formulated as a Mixed-Integer Linear Programming (MILP) problem. Using Benders Decomposition (BD) algorithm, the proposed model is decomposed into a Master investment problem to handle the decision variables, and Sub-problems to check the feasibility of master problem solution and optimize the operation and ES investment cost. Three test systems are used as case studies to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed hybrid AC/DC TEP model.
Low PMEPR OFDM radar waveform design using the iterative least squares algorithm
Creators: name: Huang, Tianyao
name: Zhao, Tong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This letter considers waveform design of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal for radar applications, and aims at mitigating the envelope fluctuation in OFDM. A novel method is proposed to reduce the peak-to-mean envelope power ratio (PMEPR), which is commonly used to evaluate the fluctuation. The proposed method is based on the tone reservation approach, in which some bits or subcarriers of OFDM are allocated for decreasing PMEPR. We introduce the coefficient of variation of envelopes (CVE) as the cost function for waveform optimization, and develop an iterative least squares algorithm. Minimizing CVE leads to distinct PMEPR reduction, and it is guaranteed that the cost function monotonically decreases by applying the iterative algorithm. Simulations demonstrate that the envelope is significantly smoothed by the proposed method.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures
Intermediate-mass black holes: episodic jet activity in dwarf galaxies
Creators: name: Yang, Jun
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Very low-luminosity and low-mass galaxies, i.e. dwarf galaxies, may also host active galactic nuclei (AGNs) because of significant accretion and ejection activity of intermediate black holes (<1 million solar masses). In a few dwarf AGNs, very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations have found faint non-thermal radio emission. In this talk, we present the strong evidence for episodic, large-scale (~140 pc) and powerful jet activity observed by the European VLBI Network (EVN) in a dwarf galaxy (SDSS J090613.77+561015.2). Moreover, we collected a sample of VLBI-detected dwarf AGNs and investigated their connections with normal AGNs. We notice that these radio sources in the dwarf AGNs tend to have steep spectra and small linear sizes, and possibly represent ejecta from scaled-down episodic jet activity.
Solvent Dependence of Relative Hydricity of Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl Iridium Hydride Complexes
Creators: name: Jadrich, Caleb
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Homogeneous catalytic hydrogenation of carbon dioxide (CO2) could prove an efficient method to produce many valuable products. There is evidence which suggests a catalyst’s ability to promote this challenging transformation may be predicted by its hydricity, ΔG°H- (hydride donor ability). However, few studies have sought to discern the solvent dependence of ΔG°H-, despite the dramatic influence solvent can have on catalysis. Using equilibrium reactions, relative hydricities were determined between six [Cp*Ir(bpy-X)H]+ (Cp* is η5–pentamethylcyclopentadienyl; bpy is bipyridine) complexes. From these data, a linear free energy relationship was observed between relative hydricity and the σp- Hammett parameter of the substituent. This relationship suggested that the effect of substitution on hydricity has approximately the same magnitude in acetonitrile and water.
Predicting Accident Severity: An Analysis Of Factors Affecting Accident Severity Using Random Forest Model
Creators: name: Adefabi, Adekunle
name: Olisah, Somtobe
name: Obunadike, Callistus
name: Oyetubo, Oluwatosin
name: Taiwo, Esther
name: Tella, Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Road accidents have significant economic and societal costs, with a small number of severe accidents accounting for a large portion of these costs. Predicting accident severity can help in the proactive approach to road safety by identifying potential unsafe road conditions and taking well-informed actions to reduce the number of severe accidents. This study investigates the effectiveness of the Random Forest machine learning algorithm for predicting the severity of an accident. The model is trained on a dataset of accident records from a large metropolitan area and evaluated using various metrics. Hyperparameters and feature selection are optimized to improve the model's performance. The results show that the Random Forest model is an effective tool for predicting accident severity with an accuracy of over 80%. The study also identifies the top six most important variables in the model, which include wind speed, pressure, humidity, visibility, clear conditions, and cloud cover. The fitted model has an Area Under the Curve of 80%, a recall of 79.2%, a precision of 97.1%, and an F1 score of 87.3%. These results suggest that the proposed model has higher performance in explaining the target variable, which is the accident severity class. Overall, the study provides evidence that the Random Forest model is a viable and reliable tool for predicting accident severity and can be used to help reduce the number of fatalities and injuries due to road accidents in the United States
description: 15 pages
Bactericidal Action of Nitric Oxide-Releasing Alginate as a Function of Molecular Weight
Creators: name: Zhu, Huanyu
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Nitric oxide (NO) has a vast range of biological functions; exhibiting tumoricidal and antimicrobial properties while also playing a role in angiogenesis, platelet adhesion, and inflammatory responses. Macromolecular scaffolds capable of storing and releasing NO have the potential to be used as antimicrobial agents to protect populations more prone to bacterial infection, such as people who suffer from cystic fibrosis (CF). Alginate, an anionic biopolymer composed of mannuronic acid and guluronic acid residues, represent an ideal NO-releasing vehicle due to low cytotoxicity, simple modification process, and water solubility even at high molecular weights (200-500 kDa). Herein, we report a systematic study to examine the antibacterial properties of different molecular weight alginate against planktonic Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, two of the most common pathogens present in CF patients. Lower molecular weight (2 - 5 kDa) NO-releasing alginate was found to have improved bactericidal efficacy against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, requiring lower NO doses to achieve bacterial killing compared to the conventional antibiotic - tobramycin. However, NO-releasing alginates’ bactericidal efficacy against S. aureus did not exhibit a clear dependency on molecular weight.
Hyalosynedra laevigata Williams and Round
Creators: name: Sabir, J. S. M.
name: Theriot, E. C.
name: Lobban, C. S.
name: Alhebshi, A. M.
name: Al-Malki, A. L.
name: Hajrah, N. H.
name: Khiyami, M. A.
name: Obaid, A. Y.
name: Jansen, R. K.
name: Ashworth, M. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Ochrophyta
Bacillariophyceae
Fragilariales
Fragilariaceae
Hyalosynedra
Hyalosynedra laevigata

description: Hyalosynedra laevigata (Grunow) Williams and Round
 Basionym: — Synedra laevigata Grunow (1877, 166)
 Synonyms: — Synedra laevigata var. obtiuscula Grunow (1877) p. 166, pl. 193, fig. 4; Fragilaria laevigata (Grun.) Lange-Bertalot (1980) p. 752.
 Type locality: —”... I have seen this diatom from various localities (Honduras, Mauritius, Samoa Islands)...” Grunow (1877), p.166.
 Lectotype: —Naturhistorisches Museum Wein, Grunow 839
 Material studied: —Grunow 839 and 840 Naturhistorisches Museum Wein; Cultured material (“21IV14-4D long synedroid 27”) from collection ECT4118, epiphyte samples taken from Anadyomene spp. thalli from Rabbit Key Basin, Florida, USA (24 o 58.60’ N, 80 o 50.41’ W)
description: Published as part of Sabir, J. S. M., Theriot, E. C., Lobban, C. S., Alhebshi, A. M., Al-Malki, A. L., Hajrah, N. H., Khiyami, M. A., Obaid, A. Y., Jansen, R. K. & Ashworth, M. A., 2018, Systematics of araphid diatoms with asymmetric rimoportulae or densely packed virgae, with particular attention to Hyalosynedra (Ulnariaceae, Bacillariophyta), pp. 1-49 in Phytotaxa 347 (1) on page 7, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.347.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13707999
High-resolution low-frequency probes of X-ray emitting knots in blazar jets
Creators: name: Shetgaonkar, Hrishikesh Digambar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The X-ray emission of resolved jet knots in many high-luminosity quasar jets, cannot be explained as a simple extension of the radio synchrotron spectrum and so far no general concensus could be reached on the relative importance of the different broadband-emission processes at play. Hence, new observational constraints are needed to better constrain emission models. We focus our study on a sample of blazars with X-ray jets for which subarcsec-scale low-frequency radio spectral information can be obtained by applying VLBI techniques to LOFAR observations. The long international baselines of LOFAR allow us to spatially resolve the X-ray emitting jet knots in our target sources and to probe the previously inaccessible part of the low-energy electron population. In combination with shorter-wavelength radio and higher-energy broadband spectral data, these LOFAR-VLBI data can test and constrain the Inverse-Comptonization of CMB photons (IC/CMB) and alternative emission models. Here, we present first results from this project with a focus on the radio and X-ray jet of OJ287 at sub-arcsecond resolution.
Black Hole with Quantum Potential
Creators: name: Ali, Ahmed Farag
name: Khalil, Mohammed M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we investigate black hole (BH) physics in the context of quantum corrections. These quantum corrections were introduced recently by replacing classical geodesics with quantal (Bohmian) trajectories and hence form a quantum Raychaudhuri equation (QRE). From the QRE, we derive a modified Schwarzschild metric, and use that metric to investigate BH singularity and thermodynamics. We find that these quantum corrections change the picture of Hawking radiation greatly when the size of BH approaches the Planck scale. They prevent the BH from total evaporation, predicting the existence of a quantum BH remnant, which may introduce a possible resolution for the catastrophic behavior of Hawking radiation as the BH mass approaches zero. Those corrections also turn the spacelike singularity of the black hole to be timelike, and hence this may ameliorate the information loss problem.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures; Accepted in Nucl.Phys.B
Discrimination of neutrons and γ-rays in liquid scintillator based on Elman neural network
Creators: name: Zhang, Cai-Xun
name: Lin, Shin-Ted
name: Zhao, Jian-Ling
name: Wang, Li
name: Yu, Xun-Zhen
name: Zhu, Jing-Jun
name: Xing, Hao-Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, a new neutron and γ(n/γ) discrimination method based on an Elman Neural Network (ENN) is proposed to improve the discrimination performance of liquid scintillator (LS) detectors. Neutron and γ data were acquired from an EJ-335 LS detector, which was exposed in a 241Am-9Be radiation field. Neutron and γ events were discriminated using two methods of artificial neural network including the ENN and a typical Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) as a control. The results show that the two methods have different n/γ discrimination performances. Compared to the BPNN, the ENN provides an improved of Figure of Merit (FOM) in n/γ discrimination. The FOM increases from 0.907 {\pm} 0.034 to 0.953 {\pm} 0.037 by using the new method of the ENN. The proposed n/γ discrimination method based on ENN provides a new choice of pulse shape discrimination in neutron detection.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures and 2 tables, version to appear in Chinese Physics C
Foodways in Transition: Plant Use and Community at the Wall (31Or11) and Jenrette (31Or231a) Sites, Hillsborough, North Carolina
Creators: name: Melton, Mallory
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: This thesis will describe the archaeobotanical analysis of large pit features excavated
during the 1990s and 2000s at the Wall (A.D. 1400-1600) and Jenrette (A.D. 1650-1680) sites in
Hillsborough, North Carolina. Certain features demonstrate relatively equivalent quantities of a
variety of plant taxa, whereas others are abundant in one or few taxa and appear to represent
refuse of communal processing events. These processing events provide a case study for
community interaction outside of a ritual context and have implications for interpreting temporal
transformations in diet, landscape use, and identity politics in the North Carolina Piedmont
during the Late Woodland and historic periods, further elucidating the complex and dynamic
cultural histories of Native peoples prior to and immediately following European contact.
Making Users Indistinguishable: Attribute-wise Unlearning in Recommender Systems
Creators: name: Li, Yuyuan
name: Chen, Chaochao
name: Zheng, Xiaolin
name: Zhang, Yizhao
name: Han, Zhongxuan
name: Meng, Dan
name: Wang, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the growing privacy concerns in recommender systems, recommendation unlearning, i.e., forgetting the impact of specific learned targets, is getting increasing attention. Existing studies predominantly use training data, i.e., model inputs, as the unlearning target. However, we find that attackers can extract private information, i.e., gender, race, and age, from a trained model even if it has not been explicitly encountered during training. We name this unseen information as attribute and treat it as the unlearning target. To protect the sensitive attribute of users, Attribute Unlearning (AU) aims to degrade attacking performance and make target attributes indistinguishable. In this paper, we focus on a strict but practical setting of AU, namely Post-Training Attribute Unlearning (PoT-AU), where unlearning can only be performed after the training of the recommendation model is completed. To address the PoT-AU problem in recommender systems, we design a two-component loss function that consists of i) distinguishability loss: making attribute labels indistinguishable from attackers, and ii) regularization loss: preventing drastic changes in the model that result in a negative impact on recommendation performance. Specifically, we investigate two types of distinguishability measurements, i.e., user-to-user and distribution-to-distribution. We use the stochastic gradient descent algorithm to optimize our proposed loss. Extensive experiments on three real-world datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed methods.