cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
2-Dimensional Directed Dependent Type Theory
Creators: name: Licata, Daniel R.
name: Harper, Robert
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The groupoid interpretation of dependent type theory given by Hofmann
and Streicher associates to each closed type a category whose objects represent
the elements of that type and whose maps represent proofs of equality
of elements. The categorial structure ensures that equality is reflexive
(identity maps) and transitive (closure under composition); the groupoid
structure, which demands that every map be invertible, ensures symmetry.
Families of types are interpreted as functors; the action on maps (equality
proofs) ensures that families respect equality of elements of the index type.
The functorial action of a type family is computationally non-trivial in the
case that the groupoid associated to the index type is non-trivial. For example,
one may identity elements of a universe of sets up to isomorphism,
in which case the action of a family of types indexed by sets must respect
set isomorphism. The groupoid interpretation is 2-dimensional in that the
coherence requirements on proofs of equality are required to hold “on the
nose”, rather than up to higher dimensional equivalences. Recent work by
Awodey and Lumsdaine, Voevodsky, and others extends the groupoid interpretation
to higher dimensions, exposing close correspondences between
type theory, higher-dimensional category theory, and homotopy theory.
In this paper we consider another generalization of the groupoid interpretation
that relaxes the symmetry requirement on proofs of “equivalence”
to obtain a directed notion of transformation between elements of a type.
Closed types may then be interpreted as categories, and families as functors
that extend transformations on indices to transformations between families.
Relaxing symmetry requires a reformulation of type theory to make the
variances of type families explicit. The types themselves must be reinterpreted
to take account of variance; for example, a  type is contravariant
in its domain, but covariant in its range. Whereas in symmetric type theory
proofs of equivalence can be internalized using the Martin-Löf identity
type, in directed type theory the two-dimensional structure must be made
explicit at the judgemental level. The resulting 2-dimensional directed dependent
type theory, or 2DTT, is validated by an interpretation into the strict
2-category Cat of categories, functors, and natural transformations, generalizing
the groupoid interpretation. We conjecture that 2DTT can be given
semantics in a broad class of 2-categories, and can be extended to make
the higher dimensional structure explicit. We illustrate the use of 2DTT for
writing dependently typed programs over representations of syntax and logical
systems.
Spin-orbit coupling and chaotic rotation for eccentric coorbital bodies
Creators: name: Leleu, Adrien
name: Robutel, Philippe
name: Correia, A. C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of a co-orbital companion induces the splitting of the well known Keplerian spin-orbit resonances. It leads to chaotic rotation when those resonances overlap.
Additional file 2 of Ocular adverse events associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors, a scoping review
Creators: name: Martens, A.
name: Schauwvlieghe, P. P.
name: Madoe, A.
name: Casteels, I.
name: Aspeslagh, S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2.
D6.4 Initial integration of decision support system for safe-by-design strategy
Creators: name: Bossa, Nathan
name: Delpivo, Camilla
name: Vázquez-Campos, Socorro
name: Afantitis, Antreas
name: Melagraki, Georgia
name: Tsoumanis, Andreas
name: Tsiros, Periklis
name: Sarimveis, Harry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: NanoCommons
Deliverable
Integration
Decision support system
Safe-by-design strategy

description: This Deliverable provides a non-exhaustive presentation of the current state of the art in the NMs SbD field and a description of the tools and methodologies developed to-date to support the SbD objectives. Having assessed the current state of the art, the main body of the deliverable summarises the tools developed within NanoCommons and made available in the NanoCommons KnowledgeBase (KB) to support the ongoing work of the SbD cluster of projects and NMs SME producers and pilot lines projects who are scaling up the manufacture of NMs for a range of applications. A strong focus has been placed on further developing the existing computational tools and infrastructure to the level that they can be technically integrated to create a complete set of tools for SbD. Worked examples were developed to exemplify how the tools can be used.
Zero-field miniature skyrmion crystal and chiral domain state in breathing-kagome antiferromagnets
Creators: name: Aoyama, Kazushi
name: Kawamura, Hikaru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stability of a miniature skyrmion crystal (SkX) with only a small number of spins in the magnetic unit cell has been theoretically investigated in $J_1$-$J_3$ antiferromagnets on the breathing kagome lattice with a single-ion anisotropy $D$ at zero field. It is found by means of Monte Carlo simulations that due to the breathing bond-alternation, a zero-field triple-${\bf Q}$ miniature SkX can be stabilized not only in the specific case of $D=0$ [K. Aoyama and H. Kawamura, Phys. Rev. B 105, L100407 (2022)] but also in more general situations with easy-axis ($D<0$) and easy-plane ($D>0$) anisotropies which favor triple-${\bf Q}$ collinear and noncoplanar states, respectively. Since the SkX and anti-SkX each having positive or negative chirality are energetically degenerate, the topological Hall effect of alternative sign is possible at zero field. It is also found that reflecting the chiral degeneracy, the collinear and coplanar phases preempting the SkX phase possess random domain structures consisting of positive- and negative-chirality clusters.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
A “K Hypotheses + Other” Belief Updating Model
Creators: name: Bohus, Dan
name: Rudnicky, Alexander
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Spoken dialog systems typically rely on recognition confidence scores to guard against potential misunderstandings. While confidence scores can provide an initial assessment for the reliability of the information obtained from the user, ideally systems should leverage information that is available in subsequent user responses to update and improve the accuracy of their beliefs. We present a machine-learning based solution for this problem. We use a compressed representation of beliefs that tracks up to k hypotheses for each  concept at any given time. We train a generalized linear model to perform the updates. Experimental results  show that the proposed approach significantly outperforms heuristic rules used for this task in current systems. Furthermore, a user study with a mixed-initiative spoken dialog system shows that the approach leads to significant gains  in task success and in the efficiency of the interaction, across a wide range of recognition error-rates.
A Topological Property of Asymptotically Conical Self-Shrinkers of Small Entropy
Creators: name: Bernstein, Jacob
name: Wang, Lu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C44

description: For any asymptotically conical self-shrinker with entropy less than or equal to that of a cylinder we show that the link of the asymptotic cone must separate the unit sphere into exactly two connected components, both diffeomorphic to the self-shrinker. Combining this with recent work of Brendle, we conclude that the round sphere uniquely minimizes the entropy among all non-flat two-dimensional self-shrinkers. This confirms a conjecture of Colding-Ilmanen-Minicozzi-White in dimension two.
description: 25 pages, 1 figure. Added figure
CONNECTING SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITIES WITH JOURNALISTS AND MEDIA ACROSS EUROPE
Creators: name: Branquinho, Raquel
name: Barstad, Johan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: EuroScitizen WG4 aims to describe good practices to better link scientific communities with journalists and the media, and consequently to present powerful, stimulating and effective messages that can help strengthen the public understanding of scientific literacy and evolution in particular. To accomplish this (WG4 deliverable 1), a a descriptive Europe-wide survey was implemented, and a Short Term Scientific Mission (STSM) was carried out to build the data matrix for analysis, prepare the analysis and to perform a first descriptive analysis. The data shown on the poster are our first outputs and suggest how a further analysis can develop, review and generate materials and/or new data regarding this topic. Our purpose is that this approach will permit identifying good practices to facilitate an improved dialogue between scientists, journalists and the media. Poster presented at EuroScitizen Sustainability meeting, 20-22 June 2022, Aveiro, Portugal
Impact of Resonant Magnetic Perturbations on the L-H Transition on MAST
Creators: name: Scannell, R.
name: Kirk, A.
name: Carr, M.
name: Hawke, J.
name: Henderson, S. S.
name: O'Gorman, T.
name: Patel, A.
name: Shaw, A.
name: Thornton, A.
name: Team, the MAST
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The impact of resonant magnetic perturbations (RMPs) on the power required to access H-mode is examined experimentally on MAST. Applying RMP in n=2,3,4 and 6 configurations causes significant delays to the timing of the L-H transition at low applied fields and prevents the transition at high fields. The experiment was primarily performed at RMP fields sufficient to cause moderate increases in ELM frequency, f mitigated/f natural~3. To obtain H-mode with RMPs at this field, an increase of injected beam power is required of at least 50% for n=3 and n=4 RMP and 100% for n=6 RMP. In terms of power threshold, this corresponds to increases of at least 20% for n=3 and n=4 RMPs and 60% for n=6 RMPs. This 'RMP affected' power threshold is found to increase with RMP magnitude above a certain minimum perturbed field, below which there is no impact on the power threshold. Extrapolations from these results indicate large increases in the L-H power threshold will be required for discharges requiring large mitigated ELM frequency.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures. This is an author-created, un-copyedited version of an article submitted for publication in Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion. IOP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it
A Bayesian Approach to Protein Model Quality Assessment
Creators: name: Hetunandan  Kamisetty
name: Langmead, Christopher J.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Given multiple possible models b1; b2; : : : bn
for a protein structure, a common sub-task
in in-silico Protein Structure Prediction is
ranking these models according to their qual-
ity. Extant approaches use MLE estimates
of parameters ri to obtain point estimates of
the Model Quality. We describe a Bayesian
alternative to assessing the quality of these
models that builds an MRF over the parame-
ters of each model and performs approximate
inference to integrate over them. Hyper-
parameters w are learnt by optimizing a list-
wise loss function over training data. Our
results indicate that our Bayesian approach
can significantly outperform MLE estimates
and that optimizing the hyper-parameters
can further improve results.
On W-operators and superintegrability for dessins d'enfant
Creators: name: Alexandrov, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this short note we identify a family of partition functions recently introduced by Wang, Liu, Zhang, and Zhao with certain specializations of the generating function for dessins d'enfant. This provides a new W-description for orbifold strongly monotone Hurwitz numbers and new examples of superintegrability in matrix models.
description: 4 pages
A Brief Survey of Music Representation Issues, Techniques, and Systems
Creators: name: Dannenberg, Roger B
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Music offers a challenging array of representation problems. As an art form, music is
distinguished by the presence of many relationships that can be treated mathematically, including
rhythm and harmony. There are also many non-mathematical elements such as tension,
expectancy, and emotion. Music can contain symbolic or structural relationships existing within
and between the dimensions of pitch, time, timbre, harmony, tempo, rhythm, phrasing, and
articulation. A further source of complexity is that ‘‘music’’ can mean printed notation,
performance (instrument control) information, or resulting sounds. Finally, music evolves with
every new composition. There can be no ‘‘true’’ representation just as there can be no closed
definition of music. These elements combine to make music representation a rich field of study.
A Brieﬁng Tool that Learns Individual Report-writing Behavior
Creators: name: Mohit  Kumar
name: Rudnicky, Alexander
name: Nikesh  Garera
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We describe a brieﬁng system that learns to predict the contents of reports generated by users who create periodic (weekly) reports as part of their normal activity. We address the question whether data derived from the implicit supervision provided by end-users is robust enough to support not only model parameter tuning but also a form of feature discovery. The system was evaluated under realistic conditions, by collecting data in a project-based university course where student group leaders were tasked with preparing weekly reports for the beneﬁt of the instructors, using the material from individual student reports.
Plasmonic properties of individual gallium nanoparticles
Creators: name: Horák, Michal
name: Čalkovský, Vojtěch
name: Mach, Jindřich
name: Křápek, Vlastimil
name: Šikola, Tomáš
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gallium is a plasmonic material offering ultraviolet to near-infrared tunability, facile and scalable preparation, and good stability of nanoparticles. In our contribution, we experimentally demonstrate the link between the shape and size of individual gallium nanoparticles and their optical properties. To this end, we utilize scanning transmission electron microscopy combined with electron energy loss spectroscopy. Lens-shaped gallium nanoparticles with a diameter between 10 nm and 200 nm were grown directly on a silicon nitride membrane using an in-house developed effusion cell operated at ultra-high vacuum conditions. We have experimentally proved that they support localized surface plasmon resonances and their dipole mode can be tuned through their size from ultraviolet to near-infrared spectral region. The measurements are supported by numerical simulations using realistic particle shapes and sizes. Our results open the way for future applications of gallium nanoparticles such as hyperspectral absorption of sunlight in energy harvesting or plasmon-enhanced luminescence of ultraviolet emitters.
Holographic collisions in large $D$ effective theory
Creators: name: Luna, Raimon
name: Sanchez-Garitaonandia, Mikel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study collisions of Gaussian mass-density blobs in a holographic plasma, using a large $D$ effective theory, as a model for holographic shockwave collisions. The simplicity of the effective theory allows us to perform the first 4+1 collisions in Einstein-Maxwell theory, which are dual to collisions of matter with non-zero baryonic number. We explore several collision scenarios with different blob shapes, impact parameters and charge values and find that collisions with impact parameter below the transverse width of the blobs are equivalent under rescaling. We also observe that charge weakly affects the rest of quantities. Finally, we study the entropy generated during collisions, both by charge diffusion and viscous dissipation. Multiple stages of linear entropy growth are identified, whose rates are not independent of the initial conditions.
description: v3: Matches published version
IceFormwork_selected-prototypes
Creators: name: Sitnikov, Vasily
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: ice formwork

description: The ‘IceFormwork_selected-prototypes.obj’ is a collection of polygon mesh 3D models in .obj format which represent the prototypes produced in the period from January 2017 through December 2019. The file is an appended part of the doctoral thesis:  Sitnikov, Vasily. 2020. "Ice Formwork: The Rationale and Potential of Ice-Based Moulding Systems for the Production of Complex-Geometry Precast Concrete", KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Architecture.
Preferential energization of alpha particles in polar coronal holes at one solar radius above the photosphere
Creators: name: Chakravarty, Aniruddha
name: Bose, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heating of polar coronal holes during solar minimum and acceleration of the fast solar wind issuing therefrom lack comprehensive theoretical understanding. Wave particle interactions are considered to have crucial effects on the extreme properties of heavy ions in the collision-less region of the polar coronal holes. In this article, we have presented a novel sensitivity analysis to investigate plasma heating by radio waves at lower hybrid frequencies. We have employed a three fluid Maxwell model comprising electrons, protons, and alpha particles at around two solar radius heliocentric distance in the polar coronal holes and derived a dispersion relation as a thirteenth order polynomial for the frequency. Our model provides indications of preferential heating of alpha particles in comparison with protons by means of lower hybrid instabilities. We have employed the electron velocity and spatial charge distribution as our basic study tools so as to show the effects of alpha proton differential mass and differential perpendicular velocity on the preferential heating of alpha particles.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures. Accepted in MNRAS for publication
Machine learning and biological evaluation-based identification of a potential MMP-9 inhibitor, effective against ovarian cancer cells SKOV3
Creators: name: Sinha, Khushboo
name: Parwez, Shahid
name: MV, Shahana
name: Yadav, Ananya
name: Siddiqi, Mohammad Imran
name: Banerjee, Dibyendu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: MMP-9, also known as gelatinase B, is a zinc-metalloproteinase family protein that plays a key role in the degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM). The normal function of MMP-9 includes the breakdown of ECM, a process that aids in normal physiological processes such as embryonic development, angiogenesis, etc. Interruptions in these processes due to the over-expression or downregulation of MMP-9 are reported to cause some pathological conditions like neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. In the present study, an integrated approach for ML-based virtual screening of the Maybridge library was carried out and their biological activity was tested in an attempt to identify novel small molecule scaffolds that can inhibit the activity of MMP-9. The top hits were identified and selected for target-based activity against MMP-9 protein using the kit (Biovision K844). Further, MTT assay was performed in various cancer cell lines such as breast (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231), colorectal (HCT119, DL-D-1), cervical (HeLa), lung (A549) and ovarian cancer (SKOV3). Interestingly, one compound viz., RJF02215 exhibited anti-cancer activity selectively in SKOV3. Wound healing assay and colony formation assay performed on SKOV3 cell line in the presence of RJF02215 confirmed that the compound had a significant inhibitory effect on this cell line. Thus, we have identified a novel molecule that can inhibit MMP-9 activity in vitro and inhibits the proliferation of SKOV3 cells. Novel molecules based on the structure of RJF02215 may become a good value addition for the treatment of ovarian cancer by exhibiting selective MMP-9 activity. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma Work flow for ML-based identification of hit molecules against MMP-9 protein.
Dynamical screening in La2CuO4
Creators: name: Werner, Philipp
name: Sakuma, Rei
name: Nilsson, Fredrik
name: Aryasetiawan, Ferdi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the dynamical screening of the Coulomb interaction among Cu-d electrons in high-Tc cuprates is very strong and that a proper treatment of this effect is essential for a consistent description of the electronic structure. In particular, we find that ab-initio calculations for undoped La2CuO4 yield an insulator only if the frequency dependence of the Coulomb interaction is taken into account. We also identify a collective excitation in the screened interaction at 9 eV which is rather localized on the copper site, and which is responsible for a satellite structure at energy -13 eV, located below the p bands.
Supplementary document for Measurement of three-photon excitation cross-sections of fluorescein from 1154 nm to 1500 nm - 6527758.pdf
Creators: name: LaViolette, Aaron
name: Ouzounov, Dimitre
name: Xu, Chris
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplement 1: spectrum and autocorrelation for the excitation wavelengths
Additional file 1 of Oak stands along an elevation gradient have different molecular strategies for regulating bud phenology
Creators: name: Le Provost, Gregoire
name: Lalanne, Céline
name: Lesur, Isabelle
name: Louvet, Jean-Marc
name: Delzon, Sylvain
name: Kremer, Antoine
name: Labadie, Karine
name: Aury, Jean-Marc
name: Da Silva, Corinne
name: Moritz, Thomas
name: Plomion, Christophe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Evolution phytohormone content in each population according to the Dormancy stage. Panel A: Table for ANOVA results for phytohormonre analysis. P value is indicated in each cell. *P value<0.05, **P value<0.01 and ***P value<0.0001. NS stands for not significant. Panel B: Graphical representation of their accumulation over the Dormancy period. We used blue and orange color for EndoD (i.e. Endormancy) and EcoD (i.e. Ecodormancy) samples, respectivelly. Standard deviations were obtained from the 3 measurements performed in each population (Low=O-01+L-01, Mean=O-08+L-08 and High=O-18+L-18). Effects identified in the linear model where also indicated. Abbreviations correspond to: D: Dormancy effect, E: Elevation effect, D*E: interaction effect. * P value<0.05, **P value<0.001 and ***P value<0.0001). Figure S2. qPCR validation. Panel (A) genes displaying a significant elevation effect. Panel (B) genes displaying a significant Dormancy-byelevation effect. Abbreviations correspond to EndoD: Endodormant buds , EcoD: Ecodormant buds, Low: 100 mts (i.e. O-01+L-01), Mean: 800 mts (i.e. O-08+L-08) and High: 1,600 mts (i.e. O-16+L-16). Standard deviations were obtained from the four biological replicates.
Experimental exploration over a quantum control landscape through nuclear magnetic resonance
Creators: name: Sun, Qiuyang
name: Pelczer, István
name: Riviello, Gregory
name: Wu, Re-Bing
name: Rabitz, Herschel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The growing successes in performing quantum control experiments motivated the development of control landscape analysis as a basis to explain these findings.When a quantum system is controlled by an electromagnetic field, the observable as a functional of the control field forms a landscape. Theoretical analyses have revealed many properties of control landscapes, especially regarding their slopes, curvatures, and topologies. A full experimental assessment of the landscape predictions is important for future consideration of controlling quantum phenomena. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is exploited here as an ideal laboratory setting for quantitative testing of the landscape principles. The experiments are performed on a simple two-level proton system in a H$_2$O-D$_2$O sample. We report a variety of NMR experiments roving over the control landscape based on estimation of the gradient and Hessian, including ascent or descent of the landscape, level set exploration, and an assessment of the theoretical predictions on the structure of the Hessian. The experimental results are fully consistent with the theoretical predictions. The procedures employed in this study provide the basis for future multispin control landscape exploration where additional features are predicted to exist.
Additional file 2 of Oak stands along an elevation gradient have different molecular strategies for regulating bud phenology
Creators: name: Le Provost, Gregoire
name: Lalanne, Céline
name: Lesur, Isabelle
name: Louvet, Jean-Marc
name: Delzon, Sylvain
name: Kremer, Antoine
name: Labadie, Karine
name: Aury, Jean-Marc
name: Da Silva, Corinne
name: Moritz, Thomas
name: Plomion, Christophe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Overview of the cDNA libraries generated in this study. Table S2. Gene expression level comparison between the two valleys for a specific dormancy stage. The comparison was performed for the population harvested at a same elevation in the two valleys considered. In each cell, we indicated the number of differentially expressed genes; the percentage is indicated in parenthesis. Table S3. List of the primer pairs used for qPCR analysis. Abbreviations: Tm: annealing temperature, E: Elevation effect, D*E: Dormancy-byelevation effect. For each effect, the cluster ID is indicated in parenthesis in the second column. Qrob_IDs were retrieved from the oak genome available in Plomion et al. (2018). Table S4. Overview of the sessile oak populations used in this study.
Expanding the Compute-and-Forward Framework: Unequal Powers, Signal Levels, and Multiple Linear Combinations
Creators: name: Nazer, Bobak
name: Cadambe, Viveck
name: Ntranos, Vasilis
name: Caire, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The compute-and-forward framework permits each receiver in a Gaussian network to directly decode a linear combination of the transmitted messages. The resulting linear combinations can then be employed as an end-to-end communication strategy for relaying, interference alignment, and other applications. Recent efforts have demonstrated the advantages of employing unequal powers at the transmitters and decoding more than one linear combination at each receiver. However, neither of these techniques fit naturally within the original formulation of compute-and-forward. This paper proposes an expanded compute-and-forward framework that incorporates both of these possibilities and permits an intuitive interpretation in terms of signal levels. Within this framework, recent achievability and optimality results are unified and generalized.
description: 30 pages, 10 figures, to appear in IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
Investigating stellar convective cores with inversions of frequency separation ratios
Creators: name: Bétrisey, Jérôme
name: Buldgen, Gaël
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Stars: interiors
Stars: fundamental parameters
asteroseismology

description: In the past decades, the advent of space-based photometry missions such as CoRoT, Kepler, and TESS enabled the rapid development of asteroseismology. The field will further grow with the future PLATO mission. In this context, using inversion techniques can offer quasi-model-independent constraints on the stellar properties from a given stellar oscillation spectrum, such as mean density or core properties for example. However, the linear inversion techniques are limited by the so-called surface effects. Therefore, we developed an inversion based on frequency separation ratios instead of individual frequencies to damp their impact and constrain convective cores (Bétrisey & Buldgen 2022). We verified our inversion technique by conducting tests in a controlled environment and conducted an extensive hare and hounds exercise to test the behavior of our technique in conditions close to an actual application on an observed target. We found that the inversion is not affected by surface effects. In addition, we also found that with the construction of an extensive set of models, favored and forbidden regions can be highlighted in the parameter space. This inversion based on frequency separation ratios seems promising at probing the properties of convective cores, especially for F-type stars exhibiting solar-like oscillations. In this context, the quasi-model-independent constraints can be used to improve the physical ingredients of the models of such targets, especially the mixing close to the convective boundary.
description: Accompanying page for the contributed talk "Investigating stellar convective cores with inversions of frequency separation ratios" by J. Bétrisey and G. Buldgen at the TASC6/KASC13 Workshop in Leuven, Belgium, July 11-15, 2022.
description: {"references": ["B\u00e9trisey, J. & Buldgen, G. 2022, A&A, 663, A92"]}
Chemical disorder as engineering tool for spin-polarizationin Mn3Ga-based Heusler systems
Creators: name: Chadov, Stanislav
name: D'Souza, Sunil Wilfred
name: Wollmann, Lukas
name: Kiss, Janos
name: Fecher, Gerhard H.
name: Felser, Claudia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our study highlights spin-polarization mechanisms in metals, by focusing on the mobilities of conducting electrons with different spins instead of their quantities. Here, we engineer electron mobility by applying chemical disorder induced by non-stoichiometric variations. As a practical example, we discuss the scheme that establishes such variations in tetragonal Mn3Ga Heusler material. We justify this approach using first-principles calculations of the spin-projected conductivity components based on the Kubo-Greenwood formalism. It follows that, in majority of the cases, even a small substitution of some other transition element instead of Mn may lead to a substantial increase in spin-polarization along the tetragonal axis.
Stable three-dimensional (un)charged AdS gravastars in gravity's rainbow
Creators: name: Barzegar, H.
name: Bigdeli, M.
name: Bordbar, G. H.
name: Panah, B. Eslam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we study the three-dimensional AdS gravitational vacuum stars (gravastars) in the context of gravity's rainbow theory. Then we extend it by adding the Maxwell electromagnetic field. We compute the physical features of gravastars, such as proper length, energy, entropy, and junction conditions. Our results show that the physical parameters for charged and uncharged states depend significantly on rainbow functions. Besides from charged state, they also depend on the electric field. Finally, we explore the stability of thin shell of three-dimensional (un)charged AdS gravastars in gravity's rainbow. We show that the structure of thin shell of these gravastars may be stable and is independent of the type of matter.
description: 21 pages, 17 figures
title: Medicalizing disabled people’s emotions - Symptom of a dis/ableist society
Creators: name: Wechuli, Yvonne
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: disability
subject: dis/ableism
subject: emotion
subject: medicalization
subject: compulsory able-mindedness
subject: impairment effects
subject: hysteria
subject: fetishization
subject: 300
subject: Inklusion
subject: Medikalisierung
subject: Behinderter Mensch
subject: Diskriminierung

description: Gefördert durch den Publikationsfonds der Universität Kassel
Classical trajectory Monte Carlo model calculations for the antiproton-induced ionization of atomic hydrogen at low impact energy
Creators: name: Sarkadi, L.
name: Gulyás, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The three-body dynamics of the ionization of the atomic hydrogen by 30 keV antiproton impact has been investigated by calculation of fully differential cross sections (FDCS) using the classical trajectory Monte Carlo (CTMC) method. The results of the calculations are compared with the predictions of quantum mechanical descriptions: The semi-classical time-dependent close-coupling theory, the fully quantal, time-independent close-coupling theory, and the continuum-distorted-wave-eikonal-initial-state model. In the analysis particular emphasis was put on the role of the nucleus-nucleus (NN) interaction played in the ionization process. For low-energy electron ejection CTMC predicts a large NN interaction effect on FDCS, in agreement with the quantum mechanical descriptions. By examining individual particle trajectories it was found that the relative motion between the electron and the nuclei is coupled very weakly with that between the nuclei, consequently the two motions can be treated independently. A simple procedure is presented by which the NN interaction effect can be included into the calculations carried out without it.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
A Comparison of Speech vs Typed Input
Creators: name: Hauptmann, Alexander
name: Rudnicky, Alexander
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We conducted a series of empirical experiments in which users were asked to enter digit strings into the computer by voice or keyboard. Two different ways of verifying and correcting the spoken input were examined. Extensive timing analyses were performed to determine which aspects of the interface were critical to speedy completion of the task. The results show that speech is preferable for strings that require more than a few keystrokes. The results emphasize the need for fast and accurate speech recognition, but also demonstrate how error correction and input validation are crucial for an effective speech interface.
Additional file 3 of Oak stands along an elevation gradient have different molecular strategies for regulating bud phenology
Creators: name: Le Provost, Gregoire
name: Lalanne, Céline
name: Lesur, Isabelle
name: Louvet, Jean-Marc
name: Delzon, Sylvain
name: Kremer, Antoine
name: Labadie, Karine
name: Aury, Jean-Marc
name: Da Silva, Corinne
name: Moritz, Thomas
name: Plomion, Christophe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary Files 1, 2, 3.  are available online at the INRAE dataverse portail: G. Le Provost, 2021:“Oak stands along an elevation gradient have different molecular strategies for regulating bud phenology” https://doi.org/10.15454/XMEKFX - Portail Data INRAE, V3.0. These files includes normalized values for RNAseq data, Fold change Ratio, Gene set enrichment analysis and subnetwork enrichment analysis for genes displaying a significant dormancy, elevation and dormancy-by-elevation interaction effect respectively.
A correlated topic model of Science
Creators: name: Blei, David M.
name: Lafferty, John D.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Topic models, such as latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA), can be useful tools for the statistical analysis of document collections and other discrete data. The LDA model assumes that the words of each document arise from a mixture of topics, each of which is a distribution over the vocabulary. A limitation of LDA is the inability to model topic correlation even though, for example, a document about genetics is more likely to also be about disease than X-ray astronomy. This limitation stems from the use of the Dirichlet distribution to model the variability among the topic proportions. In this paper we develop the correlated topic model (CTM), where the topic proportions exhibit correlation via the logistic normal distribution [J. Roy. Statist. Soc. Ser. B 44  (1982) 139–177]. We derive a fast variational inference algorithm for approximate posterior inference in this model, which is complicated by the fact that the logistic normal is not conjugate to the multinomial. We apply the CTM to the articles from Science published from 1990–1999, a data set that comprises 57M words. The CTM gives a better fit of the data than LDA, and we demonstrate its use as an exploratory tool of large document collections.
Laboratory evaluation of organic aerosol relative ionization efficiencies in the aerodyne aerosol mass spectrometer and aerosol chemical speciation monitor
Creators: name: Nault, Benjamin A.
name: Croteau, Philip
name: Jayne, John
name: Williams, Anandi
name: Williams, Leah
name: Worsnop, Douglas
name: Katz, Erin F.
name: DeCarlo, Peter F.
name: Canagaratna, Manjula
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Science Policy

description: Organic aerosol (OA) mass concentrations measured by the Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS) and Aerosol Chemical Species Monitor (ACSM) depend on particle relative ionization efficiency (RIEOA). Here, a series of laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate how RIEOA differs for different classes of OA and between AMS and ACSM instruments. For OA surrogates with high oxidation state (OSc¯), the measured RIEOA is 1.60 ± 0.56 for all instruments. However, for OA surrogates with lower OSc¯, the absolute magnitude and the variability of the measured RIEOA increases. The increase in RIEOA is different between the AMS and ACSMs due to differences in m/z-dependent ion transmission/detection efficiencies in the mass spectrometers. A new metric is introduced to explore RIEOA—the fractional contribution of ions at less than or equal to m/z 50 (fΣm/z50). When fΣm/z50 is high (>64%, similar to ambient OA), the average RIEOA is 1.23 ± 0.62. This supports the use of a default RIEOA of 1.4 for typical ambient conditions, where secondary OA dominates the OA budget. When fΣm/z50 is less than 64%, the RIEOA increases as higher m/z ions contribute more to the total signal. These observations reflect the fact that the observed RIEOA is a combination of multiple processes. The fΣm/z50 may be used as a metric to determine if primary-like OA is contributing significantly to total OA. Overall, the results indicate that changes in RIEOA are most important for studies measuring primary-like OA, and the magnitude of the changes will depend on the instrument being used to measure the OA.
Strong correlation of the neutron star core-crust transition density with the $σ$-meson mass via vacuum polarization
Creators: name: Li, Niu
name: Jiang, Wei-Zhou
name: Ye, Jing
name: Yang, Rong-Yao
name: Wei, Si-Na
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the neutron star core-crust transition density $ρ_t$ with the inclusion of the vacuum polarization in the dielectric function in the nonlinear relativistic Hartree approach (RHAn). It is found that the strong correlation between the $ρ_{t}$ and the scalar meson mass $m_σ$ strikingly overwhelms the uncertainty of the nuclear equation of state in the RHAn models, in contrast to the usual awareness that $ρ_{t}$ is predominantly sensitive to the isovector nuclear potential and symmetry energy. The accurate extraction of $ρ_{t}$ through the future gravitational wave measurements can thus provide a strong constraint on the longstanding uncertainty of $m_σ$, which is of significance to better infer the vacuum property. As an astrophysical implication, it suggests that the correlation between $ρ_t$ and $m_σ$ is very favorable to reconcile the difficulty in reproducing the large crustal moment of inertia for the pulsar glitches with the well constrained symmetry energy.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Pricing and quality decisions in virtual product supply chains with information sharing
Creators: name: Qu, Jiali
name: Meng, Chao
name: Hu, Benyong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: This article investigates the retail price and quality effort joint decisions in a virtual product supply chain with information sharing. The virtual product supply chain consists of a supplier, who develops a virtual product, and a distributor, who distributes the product. We model two popular competitions as Stackelberg and Nash games and identify the equilibrium conditions for the pricing and quality effort decisions. In Stackelberg game, the supplier’s profit monotonically increases in the elasticity of quality effort. In Nash game, and a higher elasticity of quality effort does not always benefit the supplier. The distributor will voluntarily share demand information only with a large quality economy. Our analyses reveal that the double marginalisation is weaker when the distributor shares information. However, the distributor’s mark-up decision is independent with the cost of quality effort. With a large quality economy, information sharing benefits both supply chain players under certain conditions. We show that supply chain game structure does not affect the distributor’s decision in information sharing, and the decision only depends on the market structure. In the extension, nonlinear demand functions are investigated, and the results show that most of the results from the main analyses still hold with a few exceptions.
First-principles theory of electrochemical capacitance
Creators: name: Binninger, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The differential capacitance comprises the most relevant thermodynamic information about an electrochemical system. Classical approaches to describe electrochemical capacitance have difficulties to combine the treatment of the ionic contribution of the electrolyte with the electronic contribution of the electrode. Moreover, different approaches are typically required for the description of the double-layer capacitance, on the one hand, and the pseudocapacitive contribution due to adsorption or intercalation of reactive species, on the other. In the present work, a new approach to describe electrochemical capacitance from first principles is developed. The treatment of a general electrochemical system at the level of multicomponent density-functional theory (MCDFT) yields an exact analytical expression for the total capacitance of the system, which corresponds to a formal series-circuit partitioning into "quantum" capacitance contributions of the density of states of electrons and ions, the (mean-field) electrostatic capacitance, as well as capacitance contributions of exchange and correlation among all active species. It is shown that the classical expression of the double-layer capacitance involving the interfacial Galvani potential is obtained in the limit of extended electrode and electrolyte regions. Importantly, the present formalism also describes systems with confined electrode and electrolyte phases, where the definition of the (classical) inner potentials of the electrode and electrolyte domains becomes problematic. Moreover, the new approach unifies the treatment of double-layer capacitance and pseudocapacitance resulting from reactive processes.
Analysis of Generalized Ghost Pilgrim Dark Energy in Non-flat FRW Universe
Creators: name: Jawad, Abdul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work is based on pilgrim dark energy conjecture which states that phantom-like dark energy possesses the enough resistive force to preclude the formation of black hole. The non-flat geometry is considered which contains the interacting generalized ghost pilgrim dark energy with cold dark matter. Some well-known cosmological parameters (evolution parameter ($ω_Λ$) and squared speed of sound) and planes ($ω_Λ$-$ω_Λ'$ and statefinder) are constructed in this scenario. The discussion of these parameters is totally done through pilgrim dark energy parameter ($u$) and interacting parameter ($d^2$). It is interesting to mention here that the analysis of evolution parameter supports the conjecture of pilgrim dark energy. Also, this model remains stable against small perturbation in most of the cases of $u$ and $d^2$. Further, the cosmological planes correspond to $Λ$CDM limit as well as different well-known dark energy models.
description: 21 pages, 15 figures