cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Efficient Deterministic Preparation of Quantum States Using Decision Diagrams
Creators: name: Mozafari, Fereshte
name: De Micheli, Giovanni
name: Yang, Yuxiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Loading classical data into quantum registers is one of the most important primitives of quantum computing. While the complexity of preparing a generic quantum state is exponential in the number of qubits, in many practical tasks the state to prepare has a certain structure that allows for faster preparation. In this paper, we consider quantum states that can be efficiently represented by (reduced) decision diagrams, a versatile data structure for the representation and analysis of Boolean functions. We design an algorithm that utilises the structure of decision diagrams to prepare their associated quantum states. Our algorithm has a circuit complexity that is linear in the number of paths in the decision diagram. Numerical experiments show that our algorithm reduces the circuit complexity by up to 31.85% compared to the state-of-the-art algorithm, when preparing generic $n$-qubit states with different degrees of non-zero amplitudes. Additionally, for states with sparse decision diagrams, including the initial state of the quantum Byzantine agreement protocol, our algorithm reduces the number of CNOTs by 86.61% $\sim$ 99.9%.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures; close to the published version
Automorphisms of tropical Hassett spaces
Creators: name: Freedman, Sam
name: Hlavinka, Joseph
name: Kannan, Siddarth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14T05

description: Given an integer $g \geq 0$ and a weight vector $w \in \mathbb{Q}^n \cap (0, 1]^n$ satisfying $2g - 2 + \sum w_i > 0$, let $Δ_{g, w}$ denote the moduli space of $n$-marked, $w$-stable tropical curves of genus $g$ and volume one. We calculate the automorphism group $\mathrm{Aut}(Δ_{g, w})$ for $g \geq 1$ and arbitrary $w$, and we calculate the group $\mathrm{Aut}(Δ_{0, w})$ when $w$ is heavy/light. In both of these cases, we show that $\mathrm{Aut}(Δ_{g, w}) \cong \mathrm{Aut}(K_w)$, where $K_w$ is the abstract simplicial complex on $\{1, \ldots, n\}$ whose faces are subsets with $w$-weight at most $1$. We show that these groups are precisely the finite direct products of symmetric groups. The space $Δ_{g, w}$ may also be identified with the dual complex of the divisor of singular curves in the algebraic Hassett space $\overline{\mathcal{M}}_{g, w}$. Following the work of Massarenti and Mella on the biregular automorphism group $\mathrm{Aut}(\overline{\mathcal{M}}_{g, w})$, we show that $\mathrm{Aut}(Δ_{g, w})$ is naturally identified with the subgroup of automorphisms which preserve the divisor of singular curves.
description: 10 figures, comments welcome
Stem/Progenitor Cell Niches Involved in Hepatic and Biliary Regeneration
Creators: name: Carpino, Guido
name: Onori, Paolo
name: Gaudio, Eugenio
name: Renzi, Anastasia
name: Alvaro, Domenico
name: Reid, Lola
name: Cardinale, Vincenzo
name: Franchitto, Antonio
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Niches containing stem/progenitor cells are present in different anatomical locations along the human biliary tree and within liver acini. The most primitive stem/progenitors, biliary tree stem/progenitor cells (BTSCs), reside within peribiliary glands located throughout large extrahepatic and intrahepatic bile ducts. BTSCs are multipotent and can differentiate towards hepatic and pancreatic cell fates. These niches’ matrix chemistry and other characteristics are undefined. Canals of Hering (bile ductules) are found periportally and contain hepatic stem/progenitor cells (HpSCs), participating in the renewal of small intrahepatic bile ducts and being precursors to hepatocytes and cholangiocytes. The niches also contain precursors to hepatic stellate cells and endothelia, macrophages, and have a matrix chemistry rich in hyaluronans, minimally sulfated proteoglycans, fetal collagens, and laminin. The microenvironment furnishes key signals driving HpSC activation and differentiation. Newly discovered third niches are pericentral within hepatic acini, contain Axin2
New advanced personalized healthcare using AI powered diagnostics
Creators: name: Naidu, Chandra
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 429999
subject: Other health sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into healthcare is revolutionizing diagnostic practices and enabling the shift towards personalized medicine. Personalized healthcare tailors medical treatment to individual patients based on their unique genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors, offering a more effective and precise approach compared to traditional methods. AI-powered diagnostic tools are at the forefront of this transformation, enhancing the ability to analyze vast amounts of patient data for early detection, accurate diagnosis, and optimized treatment plans. By leveraging AI technologies such as machine learning, deep learning, and predictive analytics, healthcare providers can deliver personalized treatment strategies that improve patient outcomes and reduce side effects. Despite the promising potential of AI, several challenges persist, including data quality and availability, ethical concerns, and the need for transparent and explainable AI models. This paper explores the various AI technologies driving personalized diagnostics, highlights their benefits in improving healthcare efficiency and effectiveness, and discusses the challenges and future directions for AI in personalized healthcare. Ultimately, AI's role in personalized diagnostics holds the potential to significantly enhance the accuracy of medical treatments, leading to more tailored, timely, and cost-effective healthcare solutions, while also addressing the broader global healthcare needs.
Two can play at that game: constraining the role of supernova and AGN feedback in dwarf galaxies with cosmological zoom-in simulations
Creators: name: Koudmani, Sophie
name: Sijacki, Debora
name: Smith, Matthew C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is growing observational evidence for dwarf galaxies hosting active galactic nuclei (AGN), including hints of AGN-driven outflows in dwarfs. However, in the common theoretical model of galaxy formation, efficient supernova (SN) feedback is the tool of choice for regulating star formation in the low-mass regime. In this paper, we present a suite of high-resolution cosmological dwarf zoom-in simulations relaxing the assumption of strong SN feedback, with the goal to determine whether more moderate SN feedback in combination with an efficient AGN could be a suitable alternative. Importantly, we find that there are sufficient amounts of gas to power brief Eddington-limited accretion episodes in dwarfs. This leads to a variety of outcomes depending on the AGN accretion model: from no additional suppression to moderate regulation of star formation to catastrophic quenching. Efficient AGN can drive powerful outflows, depleting the gas reservoir of their hosts via ejective feedback and then maintaining a quiescent state through heating the circumgalactic medium. Moderate AGN outflows can be as efficient as the strong SN feedback commonly employed, leading to star formation regulation and HI gas masses in agreement with observations of field dwarfs. All efficient AGN set-ups are associated with overmassive black holes (BHs) compared to the (heavily extrapolated) observed BH mass - stellar mass scaling relations, with future direct observational constraints in this mass regime being crucially needed. Efficient AGN activity is mostly restricted to high redshifts, with hot, accelerated outflows and high X-ray luminosities being the clearest tell-tale signs for future observational campaigns.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS; 30 pages, 14 figures (including 3 appendices)
A number theoretic characterization of $E$-smooth and (FRS) morphisms: estimates on the number of $\mathbb{Z}/p^{k}\mathbb{Z}$-points
Creators: name: Cluckers, Raf
name: Glazer, Itay
name: Hendel, Yotam I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03C98, 11U09, 14E18, 14B05 (Primary) 11G25, 14G05 (Secondary)

description: We provide uniform estimates on the number of $\mathbb{Z}/p^{k}\mathbb{Z}$-points lying on fibers of flat morphisms between smooth varieties whose fibers have rational singularities, termed (FRS) morphisms. For each individual fiber, the estimates were known by work of Avni and Aizenbud, but we render them uniform over all fibers. The proof technique for individual fibers is based on Hironaka's resolution of singularities and Denef's formula, but breaks down in the uniform case. Instead, we use recent results from the theory of motivic integration. Our estimates are moreover equivalent to the (FRS) property, just like in the absolute case by Avni and Aizenbud. In addition, we define new classes of morphisms, called $E$-smooth morphisms ($E\in\mathbb{N}$), which refine the (FRS) property, and use the methods we developed to provide uniform number-theoretic estimates as above for their fibers. Similar estimates are given for fibers of $\varepsilon$-jet flat morphisms, improving previous results by the last two authors.
description: 27 pages, comments welcome; v2: the new notion of E-smooth morphisms was added, and uniform estimates on the number of points lying on the fibers of $E$-smooth and $\varepsilon$-jet flat morphisms are given (Theorems 4.11 and 4.12)
Alcohol Inhibits Odontogenic Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Cells by Activating mTOR Signaling
Creators: name: Zhao, Liang
name: Qin, Wei
name: Song, Zhi
name: Xu, Hockin H. K.
name: Lin, Zheng-Mei
name: Huang, Qi-Ting
name: Fouad, Ashraf F.
name: Weir, Michael D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Long-term heavy alcohol consumption could result in a range of health, social, and behavioral problems. People who abuse alcohol are at high risks of seriously having osteopenia, periodontal disease, and compromised oral health. However, the role of ethanol (EtOH) in the biological functions of human dental pulp cells (DPCs) is unknown. Whether EtOH affects the odontoblastic differentiation of DPCs through the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) remains unexplored. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of EtOH on DPC differentiation and mineralization. DPCs were isolated and purified from human dental pulps. The proliferation and odontoblastic differentiation of DPCs treated with EtOH were subsequently investigated. Different doses of EtOH were shown to be cytocompatible with DPCs. EtOH significantly activated the mTOR pathway in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, EtOH downregulated the alkaline phosphatase activity, attenuated the mineralized nodule formation, and suppressed the expression of odontoblastic markers including ALP, DSPP, DMP-1, Runx2, and OCN. Moreover, the pretreatment with rapamycin, a specific mTOR inhibitor, markedly reversed the EtOH-induced odontoblastic differentiation and cell mineralization. Our findings show for the first time that EtOH can suppress DPC differentiation and mineralization in a mTOR-dependent manner, indicating that EtOH may be involved in negatively regulating the dental pulp repair.
Implementing graph neural networks with TensorFlow-Keras
Creators: name: Reiser, Patrick
name: Eberhard, Andre
name: Friederich, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Graph neural networks are a versatile machine learning architecture that received a lot of attention recently. In this technical report, we present an implementation of convolution and pooling layers for TensorFlow-Keras models, which allows a seamless and flexible integration into standard Keras layers to set up graph models in a functional way. This implies the usage of mini-batches as the first tensor dimension, which can be realized via the new RaggedTensor class of TensorFlow best suited for graphs. We developed the Keras Graph Convolutional Neural Network Python package kgcnn based on TensorFlow-Keras that provides a set of Keras layers for graph networks which focus on a transparent tensor structure passed between layers and an ease-of-use mindset.
TRAINING OF MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS ON THE BASIS OF INNOVATION MANAGEMENT
Creators: name: Sadullayev, son of Dilmurod Bakhtiyor researcher of the "Innovative Education" department of  Tashkent State University of Economics
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This article presents an analysis of the training of management staff in higher education institutions based on innovative management. Relevant to any other area of management: goal setting and strategy selection, the four stages of the cycle are presented separately.

Keywords : innovation, management, , inspection, development, plan, leadership, control and analysis, experience, projects, decisions, news, efficiency, activity.
Environment-assisted modulation of heat flux in a bio-inspired system based on collision model
Creators: name: Pedram, Ali
name: Çakmak, Barış
name: Müstecaplıoğlu, Özgür E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high energy transfer efficiency of photosynthetic complexes has been a topic of research across many disciplines. Several attempts have been made in order to explain this energy transfer enhancement in terms of quantum mechanical resources such as energetic and vibration coherence and constructive effects of environmental noise. The developments in this line of research have inspired various biomimetic works aiming to use the underlying mechanisms in biological light harvesting complexes for improvement of synthetic systems. In this article we explore the effect of an auxiliary hierarchically structured environment interacting with a system on the steady-state heat transport across the system. The cold and hot baths are modeled by a series of identically prepared qubits in their respective thermal states, and we use collision model to simulate the open quantum dynamics of the system. We investigate the effects of system-environment, inter-environment couplings and coherence of the structured environment on the steady state heat flux and find that such a coupling enhances the energy transfer. Our calculations reveal that there exists a non-monotonic and non-trivial relationship between the steady-state heat flux and the mentioned parameters.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Twisted Conjugacy in Direct Products of Groups
Creators: name: Senden, Pieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20E36, 20E45 (Primary) 20E22 (Secondary)

description: Given a group $G$ and an endomorphism $φ$ of $G$, two elements $x, y \in G$ are said to be $φ$-conjugate if $x = gy φ(g)^{-1}$ for some $g \in G$. The number of equivalence classes for this relation is the Reidemeister number $R(φ)$ of $φ$. The set $\{R(ψ) \mid ψ\in \mathrm{Aut}(G)\}$ is called the Reidemeister spectrum of $G$. We investigate Reidemeister numbers and spectra on direct products of finitely many groups and determine what information can be derived from the individual factors.
description: Accepted manuscript
Pedestrian models with congestion effects
Creators: name: Aceves-Sanchez, Pedro
name: Bailo, Rafael
name: Degond, Pierre
name: Mercier, Zoe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the validity of the dissipative Aw-Rascle system as a macroscopic model for pedestrian dynamics. The model uses a congestion term (a singular diffusion term) to enforce capacity constraints in the crowd density while inducing a steering behaviour. Furthermore, we introduce a semi-implicit, structure-preserving, and asymptotic-preserving numerical scheme which can handle the numerical solution of the model efficiently. We perform the first numerical simulations of the dissipative Aw-Rascle system in one and two dimensions. We demonstrate the efficiency of the scheme in solving an array of numerical experiments, and we validate the model, ultimately showing that it correctly captures the fundamental diagram of pedestrian flow.
Melting of magnetization plateaus for kagome and square-kagome lattice antiferromagnets
Creators: name: Schlüter, H.
name: Richter, J.
name: Schnack, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unconventional features of the magnetization curve at zero temperature such as plateaus or jumps are a hallmark of frustrated spin systems. Very little is known about their behavior at non-zero temperatures. Here we investigate the temperature dependence of the magnetization curve of the kagome lattice antiferromagnet in particular at 1/3 of the saturation magnetization for large lattice sizes of up to N=48 spins. We discuss the phenomenon of asymmetric melting and trace it back to a combined effect of unbalanced magnetization steps on either side of the investigated plateau as well as on the behavior of the density of states across the plateau. We compare our findings to the square-kagome lattice that behaves similarly at low temperatures at zero field, but as we will demonstrate differently at 1/3 of the saturation magnetization. Both systems possess a flat one-magnon band and therefore share with the class of flat-band systems the general property that the plateau that precedes the jump to saturation melts asymmetrically but now with a minimal susceptibility that bends towards lower fields with increasing temperature.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures, a few typos corrected
The Relationships Between the Flows of Compassion and Job-Related Affective Wellbeing in Helpline Volunteers
Creators: name: Briones, Julieanne
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis contains four sections including a systematic literature review, an empirical research paper, a critical appraisal, and the ethics application section. Section one reports a qualitative systematic literature review exploring the experience of Compassion Focused Therapy (CFT) for individuals with mental health difficulties. Six papers were included in the review and were synthesised using a meta-ethnographic approach to produce six themes and two subthemes. The findings highlighted processes of CFT which individuals reported as fundamental in their therapeutic experience. The review identified a need for further qualitative research that focused on the experience of CFT within clinical populations. Section two reports an empirical research examining the extent to which the three flows of compassion (compassion to others, compassion received from others and self-compassion) predicted job-related affective wellbeing (affective wellbeing hereafter), when controlling for other demographic variables. Active helpline volunteers providing emotional and wellbeing support were invited to take part in a survey online. Data were then analysed using correlational analyses and multiple hierarchical regression. The findings indicated that self-compassion and compassion for others were significantly and positively correlated with affective wellbeing. In the regression model, the flows of compassion accounted for a significant amount of variance (21.6%) in affective wellbeing when age, gender and length of time volunteering had been taken into account. The findings indicted self-compassion and compassion for others as important factors in determining affective wellbeing in helpline volunteers. Section three provides a critical appraisal. This includes an overview of both papers, highlighting some of the key challenges and decisions, and personal reflections. The last section includes the ethical proposal along with supporting documents utilised in the ethical application process.
Studying the evolution of galaxies in compact groups over the past 3 Gyr. I. The nuclear activity
Creators: name: Bitsakis, T.
name: Dultzin, D.
name: Ciesla, L.
name: Krongold, Y.
name: Charmandaris, V.
name: Zezas, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first -- of a series -- study of the evolution of galaxies in compact groups over the past 3 Gyr. This paper focuses on the evolution of the nuclear activity and how it has been affected by the dense environment of the groups. Our analysis is based on the largest multiwavelength compact group sample to-date, containing complete ultraviolet-to-infrared (UV-to-IR) photometry for 1,770 isolated groups (7,417 galaxies). We classified the nuclear activity of the galaxies based on optical emission line and mid-infrared diagnostic methods, as well as using spectral energy distribution fitting. We observe a 15% increase on the number of the AGN-hosting late-type galaxies found in dynamically old groups, over the past 3 Gyr, accompanied by the corresponding decrease of their circumnuclear star formation. Comparing our compact group results with those of local isolated field and interacting pair galaxies, we find no differences in the AGN at the same redshift range. Based on both optical and mid-IR colour classifications, we report the absence of Seyfert 1 nuclei and we attribute this to the low accretion rates, caused by the depletion of gas. We propose that the observed increase of LINER and Seyfert 2 nuclei (at low-z's), in the early-type galaxies of the dynamically young groups, is due to the morphological transformation of lenticular into elliptical galaxies. Finally, we show that at any given stellar mass, galaxies found in dynamically old groups are more likely to host an AGN. Our findings suggest that the depletion of gas, due to past star formation and tidal stripping, is the major mechanism driving the evolution of the nuclear activity in compact groups of galaxies.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Limit Multiplicity For Unitary Groups and The Stable Trace Formula
Creators: name: Gerbelli-Gauthier, Mathilde
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give upper bounds on limit multiplicities of certain non-tempered representations of unitary groups $U(a,b)$. These include some cohomological representations, and we give applications to the growth of cohomology of cocompact arithmetic subgroups of unitary groups. The representations considered are transfers of products of characters and discrete series on endoscopic groups, and the bounds are obtained using Arthur's stabilization of the trace formula and the endoscopic classification of representations due to Mok and Kaletha-Minguez-Shin-White.
description: To appear in Algebra and Number Theory
Effects of Matrix Metalloproteinases on the Performance of Platelet Fibrin Gel Spiked With Cardiac Stem Cells in Heart Repair: Effects of MMPs on Cell-Gel in Heart Repair
Creators: name: Zhang, Jinying
name: Cheng, Ke
name: Tang, Junnan
name: Hensley, Michael Taylor
name: Caranasos, Thomas George
name: Li, Taosheng
name: Shen, Deliang
name: Zhang, Tianxia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Stem cells and biomaterials have been studied for therapeutic cardiac repair. Previous studies have shown the beneficial effects of platelet fibrin gel and cardiac stem cells when cotransplanted into rodent hearts with myocardial infarction (MI). We hypothesized that matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play an important role in such protection. Thus, the present study is designed to elucidate the effects of MMP inhibition on the therapeutic benefits of intramyocardial injection of platelet fibrin gel spiked with cardiac stem cells (cell-gel) in a rat model of acute MI. In vitro, broad-spectrum MMP inhibitor GM6001 undermines cell spreading and cardiomyocyte contraction. In a syngeneic rat model of myocardial infarction, MMP inhibition blunted the recruitment of endogenous cardiovascular cells into the injected biomaterials, therefore hindering de novo angiogenesis and cardiomyogenesis. Echocardiography and histology 3 weeks after treatment revealed that metalloproteinase inhibition diminished the functional and structural benefits of cell-gel in treating MI. Reduction of host angiogenesis, cardiomyocyte cycling, and MMP-2 activities was evident in animals treated with GM6001. Our findings suggest that MMPs play a critical role in the therapeutic benefits of platelet fibrin gel spiked with cardiac stem cells for treating MI.
Solving small-scale clustering problems in approximate lightcone mocks
Creators: name: Smith, Alex
name: Cole, Shaun
name: Grove, Cameron
name: Norberg, Peder
name: Zarrouk, Pauline
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Realistic lightcone mocks are important in the clustering analyses of large galaxy surveys. For simulations where only the snapshots are available, it is common to create approximate lightcones by joining together the snapshots in spherical shells. We assess the two-point clustering measurements of central galaxies in approximate lightcones built from the Millennium-XXL simulation, which are constructed using different numbers of snapshots. The monopole and quadrupole of the real-space correlation function is strongly boosted on small scales below 1 Mpc/h, due to some galaxies being duplicated at the boundaries between snapshots in the lightcone. When more snapshots are used, the total number of duplicated galaxies is approximately constant, but they are pushed to smaller separations. The effect of this in redshift space is small, as long as the snapshots are cut into shells in real space. Randomly removing duplicated galaxies is able to reduce the excess clustering signal. Including satellite galaxies will reduce the impact of the duplicates, since many small-scale pairs come from satellites in the same halo. Galaxies that are missing from the lightcone at the boundaries can be added to the lightcone by having a small overlap between each shell. This effect will impact analyses that use very small-scale clustering measurements, and when using mocks to test the impact of fibre collisions.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
CBS News Poll: Retirement/Savings/Bucket List
Creators: name: CBS News
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Retirement (1); savings for retirement (2); Social Security (1); local school budget cuts (1); personal information stolen by a computer hacker (1); subscribe to print magazines (1); attend a religious service for Easter or Passover (1); major league baseball fan (2); bet money on NCAA college basketball tournament (1); best decade to live through in America (1); places to go before you die (1); bucket list (1); religious affiliation (1); personal finances (1); political party preference (1).
The de Rham-Fargues-Fontaine cohomology
Creators: name: Bras, Arthur-César Le
name: Vezzani, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show how to attach to any rigid analytic variety $V$ over a perfectoid space $P$ a rigid analytic motive over the Fargues-Fontaine curve $\mathcal{X}(P)$ functorially in $V$ and $P$. We combine this construction with the overconvergent relative de Rham cohomology to produce a complex of solid quasi-coherent sheaves over $\mathcal{X}(P)$, and we show that its cohomology groups are vector bundles if $V$ is smooth and proper over $P$ or if $V$ is quasi-compact and $P$ is a perfectoid field, thus proving and generalizing a conjecture of Scholze. The main ingredients of the proofs are explicit $\mathbb{B}^1$-homotopies, the motivic proper base change and the formalism of solid quasi-coherent sheaves.
description: Minor edits. Published version
The LTS WorkBench
Creators: name: Scalas, Alceste
name: Bartoletti, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2.2; D.3.1; F.3.2

description: Labelled Transition Systems (LTSs) are a fundamental semantic model in many areas of informatics, especially concurrency theory. Yet, reasoning on LTSs and relations between their states can be difficult and elusive: very simple process algebra terms can give rise to a large (possibly infinite) number of intricate transitions and interactions. To ease this kind of study, we present LTSwb, a flexible and extensible LTS toolbox: this tutorial paper discusses its design and functionalities.
description: In Proceedings ICE 2015, arXiv:1508.04595
Anomalous relaxation from a non-equilibrium steady state: An isothermal analog of the Mpemba effect
Creators: name: Degünther, Julius
name: Seifert, Udo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Mpemba effect denotes an anomalous relaxation phenomenon where a system initially at a hot temperature cools faster than a system that starts at a less elevated temperature. We introduce an isothermal analog of this effect for a system prepared in a non-equilibrium steady state that then relaxes towards equilibrium. Here, the driving strength, which determines the initial non-equilibrium steady state, takes the role of the temperature in the original version. As a paradigm, we consider a particle initially driven by a non-conservative force along a one-dimensional periodic potential. We show that for an asymmetric potential relaxation from a strongly driven initial state is faster than from a more weakly driven one at least for one of the two possible directions of driving. These results are first obtained through perturbation theory in the strength of the potential and then extended to potentials of arbitrary strength through topological arguments.
CBS News Poll: Women/Workforce/Race Cars
Creators: name: CBS News
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Laws protecting women in workforce (1); videos on YouTube (1); technologically innovative countries (1); college athletes receive salaries (1); America’s greatest inventor (1); frequency with which adult child should call their mother (1); women race car drivers (1); home ownership (2); religious affiliation (1); personal finances (1); political party preference (1).
Serial and parallel kernelization of Multiple Hitting Set parameterized by the Dilworth number, implemented on the GPU
Creators: name: van Bevern, René
name: Kirilin, Artem M.
name: Skachkov, Daniel A.
name: Smirnov, Pavel V.
name: Tsidulko, Oxana Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: F.2.2
subject: 05C65

description: The NP-hard Multiple Hitting Set problem is finding a minimum-cardinality set intersecting each of the sets in a given input collection a given number of times. Generalizing a well-known data reduction algorithm due to Weihe, we show a problem kernel for Multiple Hitting Set parameterized by the Dilworth number, a graph parameter introduced by Foldes and Hammer in 1978 yet seemingly so far unexplored in the context of parameterized complexity theory. Using matrix multiplication, we speed up the algorithm to quadratic sequential time and logarithmic parallel time. We experimentally evaluate our algorithms. By implementing our algorithm on GPUs, we show the feasability of realizing kernelization algorithms on SIMD (Single Instruction, Multiple Date) architectures.
description: Added experiments on one more data set
Digital Fixed Points, Approximate Fixed Points, and Universal Functions
Creators: name: Boxer, Laurence
name: Ege, Ozgur
name: Karaca, Ismet
name: Lopez, Jonathan
name: Louwsma, Joel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Primary 55M20, Secondary 55N35

description: A. Rosenfeld introduced the notion of a digitally continuous function between digital images, and showed that although digital images need not have fixed point properties analogous to those of the Euclidean spaces modeled by the images, there often are approximate fixed point properties of such images. In the current paper, we obtain additional results concerning fixed points and approximate fixed points of digitally continuous functions. Among these are several results concerning the relationship between universal functions and the approximate fixed point property (AFPP).
Vanderbilt University Poll: Tennessee Poll Fall 2015
Creators: name: Vanderbilt University
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: President Barack Obama job performance (1); Congress job performance (1); Tennessee State Legislature job performance (1); Governor Bill Haslam job performance (1); Senator Lamar Alexander job performance (1); Senator Bob Corker job performance (1); President-elect Donald Trump (2); Tennessee state government priorities (2); economic situation of the country (1); economic situation of the state (1); feelings about political system (1); views of bipartisanship (1); 2010 health care law (1); marijuana (1); euthanasia (1); same-sex marriage (1); laws conflicting with religious beliefs (1); Muslims (1); illegal drugs (1); Insure Tennessee (1); abortion (5); charter schools (2); standardized testing (2); access to educational opportunities (1); Drive to 55 (1); state regulation of local government (1); gun access (6); National Rifle Association (NRA) (1); privatized prisons, hospitals, parks, and universities (1); public records access (1); wealth distribution (2); reducing crime (1); roads and bridges (5); gas prices (1); preventive health care (1); sexually transmitted disease care (2); women's health care (3); limited primary care (1); Planned Parenthood (7).
title: Sleep Deprivation and Ultra-endurance Performance: Assessment and Countermeasures
Creators: name: Martinez Gonzalez, Borja
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2022

description: Considered a psychobiological state similar to mental fatigue, sleep deprivation can be defined as a period of extended wakefulness for, at least, 24 hours. Ultra-endurance events are often described as exercise bouts lasting more than six hours, or running distances covered longer than a traditional marathon. The first aim of this thesis was to explore the sleep and performance of athletes in ultra-marathons longer than 161 km (100 mi). A moderate association between sleep duration and race time was found. Before the first sleep episode, athletes remained awake for more than 24 h. Ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), sleep bouts, sleep time, and sleepiness increased over the course of the race, whereas running speed decreased. As a consequence of the psychophysiological demands of ultra-endurance exercise and the exacerbated sleep loss, it has been suggested that perception of effort plays a key role in pace regulation during ultra-marathon events. The second aim was to investigate the use of caffeine as a countermeasure for the detrimental effects of sleep deprivation on endurance performance. After one night of sleep deprivation, 6 mg·kg-1 of caffeine improved 30-min running time trial performance by 5.54%. Caffeine reduces perception of effort, allowing participants to sustain a higher running speed at a lower RPE. Therefore, we propose that caffeine can be used to counteract the negative effects associated with sleep deprivation on endurance performance. The third aim was to study the effects training for a mountain ultra-marathon on sleep deprivation tolerance. Three bouts of exercise after one night of sleep deprivation over a 14-week period did not improve tolerance to the negative effects of sleep deprivation on endurance performance. One night of sleep deprivation reduces time to exhaustion by 28% when running at 75% of peak treadmill speed. Better sleep deprivation tolerance was associated with better chances to finish a ~340-km mountain ultra-marathon race. The main findings presented in this doctoral research thesis are: 1) a moderate positive association between sleep-related parameters and race time, suggesting that faster runners sleep less and spend less time in activities (i.e., restoring food/drinks at the checkpoints, resting, sleeping) other than moving towards the finish line. 2) The use of caffeine as a measure to counteract the negative effects of sleep deprivation on endurance performance. 3) Three exercise bouts in a sleep deprived state over a 14-week period did not reduce the negative effects of sleep deprivation. These findings might be particularly useful for athletes and/or coaches in the field of ultra-marathon and ultra-endurance performance. Sleep assessment during a mountain-ultra marathon and the countermeasures provided might help to plan their races accordingly.
Laplacians on infinite graphs: discrete vs continuous
Creators: name: Kostenko, Aleksey
name: Nicolussi, Noema
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are two main notions of a Laplacian operator associated with graphs: discrete graph Laplacians and continuous Laplacians on metric graphs (widely known as quantum graphs). Both objects have a venerable history as they are related to several diverse branches of mathematics and mathematical physics. The existing literature usually treats these two Laplacian operators separately. In this overview, we will focus on the relationship between them (spectral and parabolic properties). Our main conceptual message is that these two settings should be regarded as complementary (rather than opposite) and exactly their interplay leads to important further insight on both sides.
description: This is an extended version of the invited lecture of one of us (A.K.) at the 8th European Congress of Mathematics in Portoro\v{z}, June 21-26, 2021. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2105.09931
The snowball effect of customer slowdown in critical many-server systems
Creators: name: Selen, Jori
name: Adan, Ivo J. B. F.
name: van Leeuwaarden, Johan S. H.
name: Kulkarni, Vidyadhar G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: AbstractCustomer slowdown describes the phenomenon that a customer’s service requirement increases with experienced delay. In healthcare settings, there is substantial empirical evidence for slowdown, particularly when a patient’s delay exceeds a certain threshold. For such threshold slowdown situations, we design and analyze a many-server system that leads to a two-dimensional Markov process. Analysis of this system leads to insights into the potentially detrimental effects of slowdown, especially in heavy-traffic conditions. We quantify the consequences of underprovisioning due to neglecting slowdown, demonstrate the presence of a subtle bistable system behavior, and discuss in detail the snowball effect: A delayed customer has an increased service requirement, causing longer delays for other customers, who in turn due to slowdown might require longer service times.
Shell-model description for the properties of the forbidden $β^-$ decay in the region "north-east" of $^{208}$Pb
Creators: name: Sharma, Shweta
name: Srivastava, Praveen C.
name: Kumar, Anil
name: Suzuki, Toshio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work, we report a comprehensive shell-model study of the $\log ft$ values for the forbidden $β^-$ decay transitions in the north-east region of $^{208}$Pb. For this we have considered $^{210-215}$Pb $\rightarrow$ $^{210-215}$Bi and $^{210-215}$Bi $\rightarrow$ $^{210-215}$Po transitions. We have performed shell-model calculation using KHPE interaction in valence shell 82-126 for protons and 126-184 for neutrons without any truncation. We have also calculated half-lives and Q-values for the concerned nuclei. Recently several $\log ft$ values are observed corresponding to $β^-$ decay from (8$^-$) isomeric state of $^{214}$Bi$^m$ at CERN-ISOLDE facility [Phys. Rev. C {\bf 104}, 054301 (2021)], and for the first time we have reported shell-model results for these transitions.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, 5 tables
Vanderbilt University Poll: Tennessee Poll Fall 2016
Creators: name: Vanderbilt University
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: President Barack Obama job performance (1); Congress job performance (1); Tennessee State Legislature job performance (1); Governor Bill Haslam job performance (1); Senator Lamar Alexander job performance (1); Senator Bob Corker job performance (1); President-elect Donald Trump (2); Tennessee state government priorities (2); economic situation of the country (1); future of the country (1); future of Tennessee (1); views of bipartisanship (1); feelings about national government performance (1); blame for government failings (1); feelings about state government performance (1); blame for state government failings (1); President-elect Trump and Congress priorities (2); 2010 health care law (2); financial opportunity (2); reducing crime (1); race relations (3); same-sex marriage (1); death penalty (1); opportunities for women (1); free trade agreements (1); legal immigrants (1); illegal immigrants (1); standardized testing (1); teacher pay (1); Tennessee Promise (1); state investment in higher education (1); roads and bridges (4); gun access (2); marijuana (1); online retailers (1).
Counting Tripods on the Torus
Creators: name: Athreya, Jayadev S.
name: Aulicino, David
name: Richman, Harry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 51M05, 11N45

description: Motivated by the problem of counting finite BPS webs, we count certain immersed metric graphs, tripods, on the flat torus. Classical Euclidean geometry turns this into a lattice point counting problem in $\mathbb C^2$, and we give an asymptotic counting result using lattice point counting techniques.
MAMBA: Multi-level Aggregation via Memory Bank for Video Object Detection
Creators: name: Sun, Guanxiong
name: Hua, Yang
name: Hu, Guosheng
name: Robertson, Neil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: State-of-the-art video object detection methods maintain a memory structure, either a sliding window or a memory queue, to enhance the current frame using attention mechanisms. However, we argue that these memory structures are not efficient or sufficient because of two implied operations: (1) concatenating all features in memory for enhancement, leading to a heavy computational cost; (2) frame-wise memory updating, preventing the memory from capturing more temporal information. In this paper, we propose a multi-level aggregation architecture via memory bank called MAMBA. Specifically, our memory bank employs two novel operations to eliminate the disadvantages of existing methods: (1) light-weight key-set construction which can significantly reduce the computational cost; (2) fine-grained feature-wise updating strategy which enables our method to utilize knowledge from the whole video. To better enhance features from complementary levels, i.e., feature maps and proposals, we further propose a generalized enhancement operation (GEO) to aggregate multi-level features in a unified manner. We conduct extensive evaluations on the challenging ImageNetVID dataset. Compared with existing state-of-the-art methods, our method achieves superior performance in terms of both speed and accuracy. More remarkably, MAMBA achieves mAP of 83.7/84.6% at 12.6/9.1 FPS with ResNet-101. Code is available at https://github.com/guanxiongsun/vfe.pytorch.
description: update code url https://github.com/guanxiongsun/vfe.pytorch
The Structure of the Milky Way's Bar Outside the Bulge
Creators: name: Wegg, Christopher
name: Gerhard, Ortwin
name: Portail, Matthieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While it is incontrovertible that the inner Galaxy contains a bar, its structure near the Galactic plane has remained uncertain, where extinction from intervening dust is greatest. We investigate here the Galactic bar outside the bulge, the long bar, using red clump giant (RCG) stars from UKIDSS, 2MASS, VVV, and GLIMPSE. We match and combine these surveys to investigate a wide area in latitude and longitude, |b|<9deg and |l|<40deg. We find: (1) The bar extends to l~25deg at |b|~5deg from the Galactic plane, and to l~30deg at lower latitudes. (2) The long bar has an angle to the line-of-sight in the range (28-33)deg, consistent with studies of the bulge at |l|<10deg. (3) The scale-height of RCG stars smoothly transitions from the bulge to the thinner long bar. (4) There is evidence for two scale heights in the long bar. We find a ~180pc thin bar component reminiscent of the old thin disk near the sun, and a ~45pc super-thin bar component which exists predominantly towards the bar end. (5) Constructing parametric models for the RC magnitude distributions, we find a bar half length of 5.0+-0.2kpc for the 2-component bar, and 4.6+-0.3kpc for the thin bar component alone. We conclude that the Milky Way contains a central box/peanut bulge which is the vertical extension of a longer, flatter bar, similar as seen in both external galaxies and N-body models.
description: Accepted for publication by MNRAS
A test of bosonization at the level of four-point functions in Chern-Simons vector models
Creators: name: Bedhotiya, Akshay
name: Prakash, Shiroman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study four-point functions in Chern-Simons vector models in the large $N$ limit. We compute the four-point function of the scalar primary to all orders in the `t Hooft coupling $λ=N/k$ in $U(N)_k$ Chern-Simons theory coupled to a fundamental fermion, in both the critical and non-critical theory, for a particular case of the external momenta. These theories cover the entire 3-parameter "quasi-boson" and 2-parameter "quasi-fermion" families of 3-dimensional quantum field theories with a slightly-broken higher spin symmetry. Our results are consistent with the celebrated bosonization duality, as we explicitly verify by calculating four-point functions in the free critical and non-critical bosonic theories.
description: 20 pages, various improvements