cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Lexical elicitation
Creators: name: Sales, Henry
name: Garvin, Karee
name: Hermalin, Noah
name: Melguy, Yevgeniy
name: Michael, Lev
name: Scott, Tessa
name: Wilbanks, Eric
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: mam

description: In-class lexical elicitation, focusing on individual words that people had questions about from one-on-one sessions. Lead elicitor: Yevgeniy Melguy. Scribe: Tessa Scott. Clean copy: Noah Hermalin.
Helicity Analysis of Semileptonic Hyperon Decays Including Lepton Mass Effects
Creators: name: Kadeer, A.
name: Körner, J. G.
name: Moosbrugger, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the helicity method we derive complete formulas for the joint angular decay distributions occurring in semileptonic hyperon decays including lepton mass and polarization effects. Compared to the traditional covariant calculation the helicity method allows one to organize the calculation of the angular decay distributions in a very compact and efficient way. In the helicity method the angular analysis is of cascade type, i.e. each decay in the decay chain is analyzed in the respective rest system of that particle. Such an approach is ideally suited as input for a Monte Carlo event generation program. As a specific example we take the decay $Ξ^0 \to Σ^+ + l^- + \barν_l$ ($l^-=e^-, μ^-$) followed by the nonleptonic decay $Σ^+ \to p + π^0$ for which we show a few examples of decay distributions which are generated from a Monte Carlo program based on the formulas presented in this paper. All the results of this paper are also applicable to the semileptonic and nonleptonic decays of ground state charm and bottom baryons, and to the decays of the top quark.
description: Published version. 40 pages, 11 figures included in the text. Typos corrected, comments added, references added and updated
On the correlation coefficient T(E_e) of the neutron beta decay, caused by the correlation structure invariant under discrete P, C and T symmetries
Creators: name: Ivanov, A. N.
name: Höllwieser, R.
name: Troitskaya, N. I.
name: Wellenzohn, M.
name: Berdnikov, Ya. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the correlation coefficient T(E_e), which was introduced by Ebel and Feldman (Nucl. Phys. 4, 213 (1957)). The correlation coefficient T(E_e) is induced by the correlations of the neutron spin with the antineutrino 3-momentum and the electron spin with the electron 3-momentum. Such a correlation structure is invariant under discrete P, C and T symmetries. The correlation coefficient T(E_e), calculated to leading order in the large nucleon mass m_N expansion, is equal to T(E_e) = - 2 g_A(1 + g_A)/(1 + 3 g^2_A) = - B_0, i.e. of order |T(E_e)| ~ 1, where $g_A$ is the axial coupling constant. Within the Standard Model (SM) we describe the correlation coefficient $T(E_e)$ at the level of 10^{-3} by taking into the radiative corrections of order O(α/π) or the outer model-independent radiative corrections, where αis the fine-structure constant, and the corrections of order O(E_e/m_N), caused by weak magnetism and proton recoil. We calculate also the contributions of interactions beyond the SM, including the contributions of the second class currents.
description: 15 pages, some typos are corrected
A Star-based Method for Precise Wavelength Calibration of the Chinese Space Station Telescope (CSST) Slitless Spectroscopic Survey
Creators: name: Yuan, Haibo
name: Deng, Dingshan
name: Sun, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Chinese Space Station Telescope (CSST) spectroscopic survey aims to deliver high-quality low-resolution ($R > 200$) slitless spectra for hundreds of millions of targets down to a limiting magnitude of about 21 mag, distributed within a large survey area (17500 deg$^2$) and covering a wide wavelength range (255-1000 nm by 3 bands GU, GV, and GI). As slitless spectroscopy precludes the usage of wavelength calibration lamps, wavelength calibration is one of the most challenging issues in the reduction of slitless spectra, yet it plays a key role in measuring precise radial velocities of stars and redshifts of galaxies. In this work, we propose a star-based method that can monitor and correct for possible errors in the CSST wavelength calibration using normal scientific observations, taking advantage of the facts that i) there are about ten million stars with reliable radial velocities now available thanks to spectroscopic surveys like LAMOST, ii) the large field of view of CSST enables efficient observations of such stars in a short period of time, and iii) radial velocities of such stars can be reliably measured using only a narrow segment of CSST spectra. We demonstrate that it is possible to achieve a wavelength calibration precision of a few $\mathrm{km}\,\mathrm{s}^{-1}$ for the GU band, and about 10 to 20 $\mathrm{km}\,\mathrm{s}^{-1}$ for the GV and GI bands, with only a few hundred velocity standard stars. Implementations of the method to other surveys are also discussed.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in RAA
Chandra's tryst with SN 1995N
Creators: name: Chandra, Poonam
name: Ray, Alak
name: Schlegel, Eric M.
name: Sutaria, Firoza K.
name: Pietsch, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the spectroscopic and imaging analysis of a type IIn supernova SN 1995N observed with the Chandra X-ray observatory on 2004 March 27. We compare the spectrum obtained from our Chandra observation with that of the previous observation with ASCA in 1998. We find the presence of Neon lines in the Chandra spectrum that were not reported in the ASCA observation. We see no evidence of Iron in both epochs. The observed absorption column depth indicates an extra component over and above the galactic absorption component and is possibly due to a cool dense shell between the reverse-shock and the contact discontinuity in the ejecta. The ASCA and the ROSAT observations suggested a non-linear behavior of the X-ray light curve. However, with the higher spatial resolution and sensitivity of Chandra, we separate out many nearby sources in the supernova field-of-view that had additionally contributed to the supernova flux due to the large Point Spread Function of the ASCA. Taking out the contribution of those nearby sources, we find that the light curves are consistent with a linear decline profile. We consider the light curve in the high energy band separately. We discuss our results in the context of models of nucleosynthesis and the interaction of the shock waves with the circumstellar medium in core collapse supernovae.
description: 35 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal
Ultra-faint [CII] emission in a redshift = 2 gravitationally-lensed metal-poor dwarf galaxy
Creators: name: Rybak, M.
name: da Cunha, E.
name: Groves, B.
name: Hodge, J. A.
name: Aravena, M.
name: Maseda, M.
name: Boogaard, L.
name: Berg, D.
name: Charlot, S.
name: Decarli, R.
name: Erb, D. K.
name: Nelson, E.
name: Pacifici, C.
name: Schmidt, K. B.
name: Walter, F.
name: van der Wel, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extreme emission-line galaxies (EELGs) at redshift z=1-2 provide a unique view of metal-poor, starburst sources that are the likely drivers of the cosmic reionization at z$\geq6$. However, the molecular gas reservoirs of EELGs - the fuel for their intense star-formation - remain beyond the reach of current facilities. We present ALMA [CII] and PdBI CO(2-1) observations of a z=1.8, strongly lensed EELG SL2S 0217, a bright Lyman-$α$ emitter with a metallicity 0.05 $Z_\odot$. We obtain a tentative (3-4$σ$) detection of the [CII] line and set an upper limit on the [CII]/SFR ratio of $\leq1\times10^6$ $L_\odot$/($M_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$), based on the synthesized images and visibility-plane analysis. The CO(2-1) emission is not detected. Photoionization modelling indicates that up to 80% of the [CII] emission originates from neutral or molecular gas, although we can not rule out that the gas is fully ionized. The very faint [CII] emission is in line with both nearby metal-poor dwarfs and high-redshift Lyman-$α$ emitters, and predictions from hydrodynamical simulations. However, the [CII] line is 30$\times$ fainter than predicted by the De Looze et al. [CII]-SFR relation for local dwarfs, illustrating the danger of extrapolating locally-calibrated relations to high-redshift, metal-poor galaxies.
description: Corrected to match the published version. We thank Y. Harikane and I. Smail for their comments on the previous arXiv version
Additional file 1 of A two-centre study investigating the association between brain natriuretic peptides & outcomes in continuous flow left ventricular assist device recipients
Creators: name: Lambadaris, Maria
name: Foroutan, Farid
name: Vishram-Nielsen, Julie KK
name: Knudsen, Marie Sophie S.
name: Billia, Filio
name: Rao, Vivek
name: Gustafsson, Finn
name: Alba, Ana C
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Periodic orbit theory in fractal drum
Creators: name: Russ, Stefanie
name: Mellenthin, Jesper
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The level statistics of pseudointegrable fractal drums is studied numerically using periodic orbit theory. We find that the spectral rigidity $Δ_3(L)$, which is a measure for the correlations between the eigenvalues, decreases to quite small values (as compared to systems with only small boundary roughness), thereby approaching the behavior of chaotic systems. The periodic orbit results are in good agreement with direct calculations of $Δ_3(L)$ from the eigenvalues.
description: to appear in Physica A
At home in long term care : a phenomenological exploration of the meaning of home for residents of an intermediate care facility
Creators: name: Laycock, Robin Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Six residents of Whytebridge Villa, an intermediate care facility, three male and three female, aged between 7 5 and 85 years of age, were asked questions about homes they had lived in before moving into Whytebridge Villa and about their experience of Whytebridge Villa as their home. Four of the six participants stated they considered Whytebridge Villa to be their home. They identified their private rooms as their home and stated having their personal possessions in their room and having congenial relationships with staff as being important considerations in accepting an intermediate care facility as their home.
A Survey on Centrality Metrics and Their Implications in Network Resilience
Creators: name: Wan, Zelin
name: Mahajan, Yash
name: Kang, Beom Woo
name: Moore, Terrence J.
name: Cho, Jin-Hee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Centrality metrics have been used in various networks, such as communication, social, biological, geographic, or contact networks. In particular, they have been used in order to study and analyze targeted attack behaviors and investigated their effect on network resilience. Although a rich volume of centrality metrics has been developed for decades, a limited set of centrality metrics have been commonly in use. This paper aims to introduce various existing centrality metrics and discuss their applicabilities and performance based on the results obtained from extensive simulation experiments to encourage their use in solving various computing and engineering problems in networks.
description: Main paper: 36 pages, 2 figures. Appendix 23 pages,45 figures
title: Journal of Targeting Liver Diseases, Vol 1, No 1 (2014)
title: Journal of Targeting Liver Diseases - Volume 1
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Task Force Group
Publisher: name: Task Force Group
Year: 2016

description: The abstracts of all participants from the 1nd Targeting Liver Diseases World Congress  are referenced in the Journal of the Targeting Liver Diseases (JTLD)in Volume 1(2015).

For other volumes:

Journal of Targeting Liver Diseases, Volume 3 - 2016: DOI: 10.18143/JTLD_v2i1

Journal of Targeting Liver Diseases, Volume 2 - 2015: DOI: 10.18143/JTLD_v2i1
title: Why should the U.S. Invest in Science, Technology, and Innovation?
Creators: name: Sapkota, Aastha
Publisher: name: Rice University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/008zs3103
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: In recent years, the United States' leadership in global R&D has shown signs of decline, raising urgent concerns about its future economic and technological competitiveness. A primary contributing factor to this trend is the pressing need for more investment in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields within the country. With an emphasis on the US position, this study examines how R&D outputs and expenditures are changing globally. A comparative analysis with China and other leading countries highlights how China's increasing investment in STEM fields might pose a challenge to America's position as the world leader in innovation and technology. Utilizing economic frameworks such as the Solow and Romer models, this study also examines how technological advancement facilitates sustained economic growth over the long term. This project explores whether the United States' future economic potential will be severely compromised by the country's present underfunding of STEM research programs, potentially leading to a significant loss of global competitiveness, a prospect that could shift American hegemony and tip the scales of Western economic power.
Magnetorotational instability in protoplanetary discs: The effect of dust grains
Creators: name: Salmeron, Raquel
name: Wardle, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the linear growth and vertical structure of the MRI in protoplanetary discs when dust grains are well mixed with the gas over the entire disc thickness. All the grains have the same radius (a = 0.1, 1 or 3 micron) and constitute 1 % of the total mass of the gas. Solutions are obtained at R = 5 and 10 AU for a minimum-mass solar nebula model and different choices of the initially vertical magnetic field strength (B), configuration of the diffusivity tensor and grain sizes. We find that when no grains are present, or they are > 1 micron, the midplane remains magnetically coupled for B up to a few gauss at both radii. In contrast, when a population of small grains (a = 0.1 micron) is present, the disc is magnetically inactive for z/H < 2 and only B < 50 mG couple to the fluid. At 5 AU, Ohmic diffusion dominates for z/H < 1 when B < a few mG, irrespective of the properties of the grain population. Conversely, at 10 AU this diffusion term is unimportant in all the scenarios studied here. For z/H > 5, ambipolar diffusion is severe and prevents the field from coupling to the gas for all B. Hall diffusion is dominant for a wide range of field strengths at both radii when dust grains are present. The growth rate, wavenumber and range of magnetic field strengths for which MRI-unstable modes exist are all drastically diminished when dust grains are present, particularly when they are small (a ~ 0.1 micron). We conclude that in protoplanetary discs, the magnetic field is able to couple to the gas and shear over a wide range of fluid conditions even when small dust grains are well mixed with the gas. Despite the low magnetic coupling, MRI modes grow for an extended range of magnetic field strengths and Hall diffusion largely determines the properties of the perturbations in the inner regions of the disc (abridged).
description: 17 pages, 11 figures. Submitted to MNRAS
Precision of The Chinese Space Station Telescope (CSST) Stellar Radial Velocities
Creators: name: Sun, Yang
name: Deng, Dingshan
name: Yuan, Haibo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Chinese Space Station Telescope (CSST) spectroscopic survey plans to deliver high-quality low-resolution ($R > 200$) slitless spectra for hundreds of millions of targets down to a limiting magnitude of about 21 mag, covering a large survey area (17500 deg$^2$) and a wide wavelength range (255-1000 nm by 3 bands GU, GV, and GI). In this work, we use empirical spectra of the Next Generation Spectral Library to simulate the CSST stellar spectra at $R = 250$, and investigate their capabilities in measuring radial velocities. We find that velocity uncertainties depend strongly on effective temperature, weakly on metallicity for only FGK stars, and hardly on surface gravity. It is possible to deliver stellar radial velocities to a precision of about $3 \,\mathrm{km}\,\mathrm{s}^{-1}$ for AFGKM stars, and about $10 \,\mathrm{km}\,\mathrm{s}^{-1}$ for OB stars, at signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 100. Velocity uncertainties using single GU/GV/GI band spectra are also explored. Given the same SNR, the GU band performs best, the GV band the second best, and then the GI band. The effects of spectral normalization and imperfect template on velocity measurements are investigated and found to be very weak. The uncertainties caused by wavelength calibration are considered and found to be moderate. Given the possible precision of radial velocities, the CSST spectroscopic survey can enable interesting science such as searching for hyper-velocity stars. Limitations of our results are also discussed.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in RAA
Remapping and replay in generative spaces
Creators: name: RAY LC
name: Suifang Zhou
name: Luoying Lin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 190205 Interactive Media
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: 190504 Performance and Installation Art

description: The space we inhabit influences our perception, constrains our thoughts, and shapes our behaviour. In psychology experiments, larger spaces facilitate creative use of everyday objects, while arrangement of furniture affects the use of those spaces, for example for discussion vs. presentation. In these times of physical isolation, confined spaces are detrimental to mental health. How do we perceive space in these confining times, and overcome these restrictions to open our minds to a wider, more expressive environment? We examine the human cognitive map that evolves with generative spaces, as humans enter virtual contexts and experience different functional spaces. Neuroscientists have found neurons called place cells in the hippocampus part of the brain that fires whenever humans enter a particular location. These cells remap when humans passage to different contexts, and rescale when they enter the same room but at a different scale. In between these transitions, place cells also replay their own prior activity as humans learn from their own navigation in space. These neuroscience insights are captured by abstract models of place cell networks as humans traverse virtual spaces that generate complex open structures depending on audience interaction within their boundaries. The web experience takes the audience through procedurally generated spaces generated from player interaction. As the player moves virtually in space, a cognitive map of shape architectures representing place cells are shown above the player activated when stepping into a particular space. New spaces lead to remapping of the shapes to new locations, and trigger them to replay their activity when players remain stationary. When players visit certain areas, the confined spaces become wider and the shapes become more expressive, generating patterns that reflect the larger spaces and diverse sensory inputs they listen to. Finally the audience can begin to see the connection between the complexity of spaces they inhabit and their own evolving neural coding for these spaces.
Inferring flame transfer functions of turbulent conical flames from pressure measurements
Creators: name: Yoko, Matthew
name: Juniper, Matthew
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2024

description: We use approximate Bayesian inference, accelerated by adjoint methods, to construct a quantitatively accurate model of the thermoacoustic behaviour of a turbulent conical flame in a duct. We first perform a series of automated experiments to generate a data set. The data consists of time series pressure measurements from which we extract (i) the eigenvalue, whose real part is the growth rate and imaginary part is the angular frequency, and (ii) the pressure eigenmode measured at several axial locations. We assimilate the data into a thermoacoustic network model to infer the unknown model parameters. We begin this process by rigorously characterizing the acoustics of the cold rig. We then introduce a series of different flames and infer their flame transfer functions with quantified uncertainty bounds. The flame transfer function is obtained with the flames in-situ, so it accounts for any confinement or heat loss effects. The inference process uses only pressure measurements, so the technique is suitable for complex combustors where optical access is not available, provided the eigenvalue or eigenmode of oscillations can be measured. We validate the method by comparing the inferred fluctuating heat release rate against direct measurements. We find that the inferred quantities compare well with the direct measurements, but the uncertainty bounds can be large if the experimental error is large.
Nonlinear squeezing for measurement-based non-Gaussian operations in time domain
Creators: name: Konno, Shunya
name: Sakaguchi, Atsushi
name: Asavanant, Warit
name: Ogawa, Hisashi
name: Kobayashi, Masaya
name: Marek, Petr
name: Filip, Radim
name: Yoshikawa, Jun-ichi
name: Furusawa, Akira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum non-Gaussian gate is a missing piece to the realization of continuous-variable universal quantum operations in the optical system. In a measurement-based implementation of the cubic phase gate, a lowest-order non-Gaussian gate, non-Gaussian ancillary states that has a property we call nonlinear squeezing are required. This property, however, has never been experimentally verified. In this paper, we generate a superposition between a vacuum state and a single photon state whose nonlinear squeezing are maximized by the optimization of the superposition coefficients. The nonlinear squeezing is observed via real-time quadrature measurements, meaning that the generated states are compatible with the real-time feedforward and are suitable as the ancillary states for the cubic phase gate in time domain. Moreover, by increasing the number of the photons, it is expected that nonlinear squeezing can be further improved. The idea presented here can be readily extended to the higher-order phase gates [P. Marek et al., Phys. Rev. A 97, 022329 (2018)]. As such, this work presents an important step to extend the CV quantum information processing from Gaussian regime to non-Gaussian regime.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Inversion Domain Boundaries in Wurzite GaN
Creators: name: Umar, M. M. F.
name: Sofo, Jorge O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present two models for the atomic structure of inversion domain boundaries in wurzite GaN, that have not been discussed in existing literature. Using density functional theory, we find that one of these models has a lower formation energy than a previously proposed model known as Holt-$IDB$. Although this newly proposed model has a formation energy higher that the accepted lower energy structure, known as $IDB^*$, we argue that it can be formed under typical growth conditions. We present evidence that it may have been already observed in experiments, albeit misidentified as Holt-$IDB$. Our analysis was facilitated by a convenient notation, that we introduced, to characterize these models; it is based on the mismatch in crystal stacking sequence across the $\{10\overline{1}0\}$ plane. Additionally, we introduce an improved method to calculate energies of certain domain walls that challenge the periodic boundary conditions needed for plane-wave density functional theory methods. This new method provides improved estimations of domain wall energies.
Global properties of the Skyrme-force-induced nuclear symmetry energy
Creators: name: Satula, Wojciech
name: Wyss, Ramon A.
name: Rafalski, Michal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large scale calculations are performed to establish the global mass dependence of the nuclear symmetry energy, $a_{sym}(A)$, which in turn depends on two basic ingredients: the mean-level spacing, $ε(A)$, and the effective strength of the isovector mean-potential, $κ(A)$. Surprisingly, our results reveal that in modern parameterizations including SLy4, SkO, SkXc, and SkP these two basic ingredients of $a_{sym}$ are almost equal after rescaling them linearly by the isoscalar and the isovector effective masses, respectively. This result points toward a new fundamental property of the nuclear interaction that remains to be resolved. In addition, our analysis determines the ratio of the surface-to-volume contributions to $a_{sym}$ to be $\sim$1.6, consistent with hydrodynamical estimates for the static dipole polarizability as well as the neutron-skin.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, 1 table
Cheryl and Jack Taunton’s Role in the Evolution of Sports and Exercise Medicine in British Columbia and Beyond
Creators: name: Clement, Doug
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2021

description: This commentary outlines the evolution of sports and exercise medicine in British Columbia and the unique collaborations with my close friends and colleagues, Dr. Jack and Cheryl Taunton. This article outlines the important legacy of the work of the Jack and Cheryl and the trainees that came through the Allan McGavin Sports Medicine Centre. Included in this article is an anthology of works that outline the impact of the Allan McGavin Sports Medicine Clinic over the years including highlighting key graduates from our programming.
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 13 No. 4 (2020): Special Tribute to Dr. Jack and Cheryl Taunton (Part Two)
EXPLAINING DARK MATTER, DARK ENERGY, PLANET FORMATION AND THE INITIAL MASS FUNCTION OF STARS
Creators: name: Bartlett, Rodney
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: black hole physics; gravitation; protoplanetary discs; dark matter; stars; cosmology

description: The distribution of stellar masses at the birth of stars is called the Initial Mass Function or IMF. Why does the IMF favour the production of low-mass stars? There is a clue in the report that most planetary systems seem to outweigh the protoplanetary disks (PPDs) in which they formed, suggesting there is more to planet formation than the build-up into increasing mass from collisions between the dust particles and rocks in the disk, and leaving astronomers to re-evaluate planet-formation theories. (Manara et al 2018) Science must always be free to question everything: even the long-established idea that mass is the cause of gravity - which, according to General Relativity (Einstein 1915), is the warping and curving of space-time. Exploration of the reverse, that gravity forms mass, sounds absurd to modern science. Yet, it has the potential to explain planet formation and the IMF. This inverse mass-gravity relation uses the well-accepted idea that the universe is described mathematically, being flexible enough to extend that notion and suggest the universe IS maths. It could be produced by binary digits (base-2 maths) and topology, and the gravity that is the warping of space-time could interact with electromagnetism to form the quantum spin of matter particles (½) via vector-tensor-scalar geometry’s photonic spin of 1 being divided by the gravitonic spin of 2. This geometric attempt at understanding gravity may be seen as related to 4 earlier theories of gravity - Mordehai Milgrom’s 1983 Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND), its relativistic generalization known as Jacob Bekenstein’s 2004 Tensor–vector–scalar gravity (TeVeS), the TeVeS extension Bi-scalar tensor vector gravity (BSTV) proposed in 2005 by R.H.Sanders, and John Moffat’s 2006 Scalar–tensor–vector gravity (STVG). This work relates waves to the Complex Number Plane and Wick rotation - different phases rotate from the x-axis to the so-called “imaginary” y-axis where they can produce the extra mass of another large-scale dimension (so-called Dark Matter) as well as the mass’s associated Dark Energy.
Ab initio identification of putative human transcription factor binding sites by comparative genomics
Creators: name: Cora', Davide
name: Herrmann, Carl
name: Dieterich, Christoph
name: Di Cunto, Ferdinando
name: Provero, Paolo
name: Caselle, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We discuss a simple and powerful approach for the ab initio identification of cis-regulatory motifs involved in transcriptional regulation. The method we present integrates several elements: human-mouse comparison, statistical analysis of genomic sequences and the concept of coregulation. We apply it to a complete scan of the human genome. By using the catalogue of conserved upstream sequences collected in the CORG database we construct sets of genes sharing the same overrepresented motif (short DNA sequence) in their upstream regions both in human and in mouse. We perform this construction for all possible motifs from 5 to 8 nucleotides in length and then filter the resulting sets looking for two types of evidence of coregulation: first, we analyze the Gene Ontology annotation of the genes in the set, searching for statistically significant common annotations; second, we analyze the expression profiles of the genes in the set as measured by microarray experiments, searching for evidence of coexpression. The sets which pass one or both filters are conjectured to contain a significant fraction of coregulated genes, and the upstream motifs characterizing the sets are thus good candidates to be the binding sites of the TF's involved in such regulation. In this way we find various known motifs and also some new candidate binding sites.
description: 22 pages, 2 figures. Supplementary material available from the authors
Dataset documentation for the Bering10K ROMS simulation output
Creators: name: Kearney, Kelly
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: This document provides an overview of the Bering10K output dataset. Bering10K refers an implementation of the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS), a regional ocean model that currently supports research relating to past, present, and future biophysical variability in the Bering Sea. This documentation includes an explanation of the simulations and variables available, a description of the model geometry, and usage tips. This is a living document, and it will be updated alongside the dataset as needed.
An Optical Emission Line Survey of Large Planetary Nebulae
Creators: name: Madsen, G. J.
name: Frew, D. J.
name: Parker, Q. A.
name: Reynolds, R. J.
name: Haffner, L. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurate emission line fluxes from planetary nebulae (PNe) provide important constraints on the nature of the final phases of stellar evolution. Large, evolved PNe may trace the latest stages of PN evolution, where material from the AGB wind is returned to the interstellar medium. However, the low surface brightness and spatially extended emission of large PNe have made accurate measurements of line fluxes difficult with traditional long-slit spectroscopic techniques. Furthermore, distinguishing these nebulae from HII regions, supernova remnants, or interstellar gas ionized by a hot, evolved stellar core can be challenging. Here, we report on an ongoing survey of large Galactic PNe (r > 5') with the Wisconsin H-Alpha Mapper (WHAM), a Fabry-Perot spectrograph designed to detect faint diffuse optical emission lines with high sensitivity and spectral resolution. Our sample includes newly revealed H-alpha enhancements from the AAO/UKST and WHAM H-alpha surveys of Parker et al. and Haffner et al. We present accurate emission line fluxes of H-alpha, [NII], and [OIII], and compare our data to other measurements. We use the emission line ratios and kinematics of the ionized gas to assess, or in some cases reassess, the identification of some nebulae.
description: 2 pages, 1 figure, to be published in IAU Symp. 234: `Planetary Nebulae in Our Galaxy and Beyond', eds. M.J. Barlow, R.H. Mendez
Islands in Linear Dilaton Black Holes
Creators: name: Karananas, Georgios K.
name: Kehagias, Alex
name: Taskas, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a novel four-dimensional black hole with planar horizon that asymptotes to the linear dilaton background. The usual growth of its entanglement entropy before Page's time is established. After that, emergent islands modify to a large extent the entropy, which becomes finite and is saturated by its Bekenstein-Hawking value in accordance with the finiteness of the von Neumann entropy of eternal black holes. We demonstrate that viewed from the string frame, our solution is the two-dimensional Witten black hole with two additional free bosons. We generalize our findings by considering a general class of linear dilaton black hole solutions at a generic point along the $σ$-model renormalization group (RG) equations. For those, we observe that the entanglement entropy is "running" i.e. it is changing along the RG flow with respect to the two-dimensional worldsheet length scale. At any fixed moment before Page's time the aforementioned entropy increases towards the infrared (IR) domain, whereas the presence of islands leads the running entropy to decrease towards the IR at later times. Finally, we present a four-dimensional charged black hole that asymptotes to the linear dilaton background as well. We compute the associated entanglement entropy for the extremal case and we find that an island is needed in order for it to follow the Page curve.
description: Journal version---discussion extended, typos corrected, references added
Additional file 1 of Socioeconomic disparities in organized sports participation and physical activity among a population based sample of preschool children: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Wilén, Charlotte
name: Ahlqvist, Viktor H.
name: Chen, Chu
name: Neovius, Martin
name: Magnusson, Cecilia
name: Henriksson, Pontus
name: Dahlén, Micael
name: Sander, Erik
name: Berglind, Daniel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Science Policy
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1.
GALEX UV observations of the interacting galaxy NGC 4438 in the Virgo cluster
Creators: name: Boselli, A.
name: Boissier, S.
name: Cortese, L.
name: de Paz, A. Gil
name: Buat, V.
name: Iglesias-Paramo, J.
name: Madore, B. F.
name: Barlow, T.
name: Bianchi, L.
name: Byun, Y. -I.
name: Donas, J.
name: Forster, K.
name: Friedman, P. G.
name: Heckman, T. M.
name: Jelinsky, P.
name: Lee, Y. -W.
name: Malina, R.
name: Martin, D. C.
name: Milliard, B.
name: Morrissey, P.
name: Neff, S.
name: Rich, R. M.
name: Schiminovich, D.
name: Seibert, M.
name: Siegmund, O.
name: Small, T.
name: Szalay, A. S.
name: Welsh, B.
name: Wyder, T. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present GALEX NUV (2310 A) and FUV (1530 A) images of the interacting galaxy NGC 4438 (Arp 120) in the center of the Virgo cluster. These images show an extended (20 kpc) tidal tail at the north-west edge of the galaxy previously undetected at other wavelengths, at 15-25 kpc from its nucleus. Except in the nucleus, the UV morphology of NGC 4438 is totally different from the Halpha+[NII] one, more similar to the X-ray emission, confirming its gas cooling origin. We study the star formation history of NGC 4438 combining spectro-photometric data in the UV-visible-near-IR wavelength range with population synthesis and galaxy evolution models. The data are consistent with a recent (~ 10 Myr), instantaneous burst of star formation in the newly discovered UV north-western tail which is significantly younger than the age of the tidal interaction with NGC 4435, dated by dynamical models at ~ 100 Myr ago. Recent star formation events are also present at the edge of the northern arm and in the southern tail, while totally lacking in the other regions, which are dominated by the old stellar population perturbed during the dynamical interaction with NGC 4435. The contribution of this recent starburst to the total galaxy stellar mass is lower than 0.1%, an extremely low value for such a violent interaction. High-velocity, off-center tidal encounters such as that observed in Arp 120 are thus not sufficient to significantly increase the star formation activity of cluster galaxies.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal Letters. High resolution version of Fig. 3 is available at http://www.ociw.edu/~boissier/f3.ps
title: Generator for Current Injection on High DC Potential to Test HVDC Equipment
Creators: name: Hallas, Martin
name: Wietoska, Thomas
name: Hinrichsen, Volker
Publisher: name: San Miguel de Tucumán Asociación Cooperadora de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Tecnología de la Universidad Nacional de Tucumán
Year: 2021

description: A new technical solution for a DC test current generator that injects a direct current on high voltage potential is presented. The concept is patented nationally and internationally protected with PCT registration. So far, no commercial generators for this kind of testing are available. The solution is based on capacitive transmission from earth to high voltage potential. The generator isolates the high DC voltage, while it injects the high current in the test loop. For power transmission through the capacitors an AC current at kHz-frequency is used, while the high DC voltage is naturally blocked by the capacitor. At high voltage potential, the current is rectified and applied to the test loop. First prototypes for the new generator concept are demonstrated, which proves the technical feasibility of the design. Long-term-tests with this novel generator concept are shown, which proves the stability of the generator for continuous operation.
The politics of intellectual diability
Creators: name: Matysiak, Bettina M.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: There is a growing perception in the disability rights movement that traditional ways of thinking about and describing disability serve to oppress people with disabilities. The emerging social theory of disability attempts to describe the social constructedness of disability and views disability from a rights perspective. Informed by this theory and in an effort to give voice to people with intellectual disabilities, a qualitative study asking intellectually disabled self advocates to describe their experiences of life with an intellectual disability was conducted. Based on the findings of preliminary focus group research, individual interviews were conducted with four members of that group. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and analyzed following a narrative technique. Participants discussed their experiences and identified issues of importance. These issues included dissatisfaction with income support services, concerns regarding violence and abuse, inadequate social work support and a general lack of respect. The results of this study have implications for policy development, service provision and social work practice in general.
Helicity Entanglement of Moving Bodies
Creators: name: Shao, Shuxin
name: He, Song
name: Zhang, Hongbao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the Lorentz transformation of the reduced helicity density matrix for a pair of massive spin 1/2 particles. The corresponding Wootters concurrence shows no invariant meaning, which implies that we can generate helicity entanglement simply by the transformation from one reference frame to another. The difference between the helicity and spin case is also discussed.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure, version to appear in Int. J. Quant. Inf
Hierarchical Object Formation in the Peculiar Velocity Field
Creators: name: Mouri, H.
name: Taniguchi, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the initial peculiar velocity field, we analytically study the hierarchical formation of gravitationally bound objects. The field is smoothed over a scale that corresponds to the mass of a given class of objects. Through the Zel'dovich approximation, the smoothed field determines how the objects cluster together to form a new class of more massive objects. The standard cosmological parameters lead to the evolution of primordial clouds with 10^6 M(sun) -> galaxies with 10^12 M(sun) -> clusters of galaxies with 10^15 M(sun) -> superclusters of galaxies with 10^16 M(sun). The epochs obtained for the formation of these classes of objects are consistent with observations.
description: 16 pages; This version corrects errors in equations and figures of the published version; The errors are also corrected in the erratum (ApJ, 659, 1792 [2007])
Few-shot Action Recognition with Prototype-centered Attentive Learning
Creators: name: Zhu, Xiatian
name: Toisoul, Antoine
name: Perez-Rua, Juan-Manuel
name: Zhang, Li
name: Martinez, Brais
name: Xiang, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Few-shot action recognition aims to recognize action classes with few training samples. Most existing methods adopt a meta-learning approach with episodic training. In each episode, the few samples in a meta-training task are split into support and query sets. The former is used to build a classifier, which is then evaluated on the latter using a query-centered loss for model updating. There are however two major limitations: lack of data efficiency due to the query-centered only loss design and inability to deal with the support set outlying samples and inter-class distribution overlapping problems. In this paper, we overcome both limitations by proposing a new Prototype-centered Attentive Learning (PAL) model composed of two novel components. First, a prototype-centered contrastive learning loss is introduced to complement the conventional query-centered learning objective, in order to make full use of the limited training samples in each episode. Second, PAL further integrates a hybrid attentive learning mechanism that can minimize the negative impacts of outliers and promote class separation. Extensive experiments on four standard few-shot action benchmarks show that our method clearly outperforms previous state-of-the-art methods, with the improvement particularly significant (10+\%) on the most challenging fine-grained action recognition benchmark.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Invariant solutions of the supersymmetric version of a two-phase fluid flow system
Creators: name: Grundland, A. M.
name: Hariton, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A supersymmetric extension of the two-phase fluid flow system is formulated. A superalgebra of Lie symmetries of the supersymmetric extension of this system is computed. The classification of the one-dimensional subalgebras of this superalgebra into 63 equivalence conjugation classes is performed. For some of the subalgebras, it is found that the invariants have a non-standard structure. For six selected subalgebras, the symmetry reduction method is used to find invariants, orbits of the subgroups and reduced systems. Through the solutions of the reduced systems, the most general solutions are expressed in terms of arbitrary functions of one or two fermionic and one bosonic variables.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1708.00382
High rate and low cost thermoplastic aircraft window frame
Creators: name: Thomas Jollivet, Damien Guilllon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Thermoplastic, window frame, high rate manufacturing, low cost, innovation

description: Clean Sky II project is the largest European research program developing cutting-edge technologies aimed at reducing CO2, gas emissions and noise levels produced by aircraft. In this framework , CETIM and its partners (Imperial College of London, Compose Tools and PEI) are carrying out a part of the sub-project SHERLOC (Structural HEalth Monitoring, Manufacturing and Repair Technologies for Life Management Of Composite Fuselage). This project aims at designing and manufacturing composite aircraft fuselage panels incorporating thermoplastic composite window frames made following an innovative manufacturing process (SHERLOC QSP project). The used process named QSP® (QUILTED STRATUM PROCESS) allows lighter mass with cheaper cost and shorter manufacturing cycle time of parts than existing processes. In recent years, several research and development projects have focused on developing thermoplastic composite aircraft fuselages to meet the need for ramp-up and to take advantage of thermoplastic matrix composites such as impact resistance and fatigue behavior. The behavior of window frames is a structural part, it must meet the aircraft loads. In addition, the window frame is a very recursive part compare to most of other aeronautical structural part. To address these issues in the SHERLOC QSP project, the use of thermoplastic and continuous fibre composites (PEEK-carbone) allowing very much faster production than process currently used to manufacture composite window frames (RTM). We will present how QSP® can limit the initial production investment and at the same time meet the high production needs in the aeronautics industry especially for window frame. Serval solutions have been implemented to reduce the global production cost. For example, one of the solutions consists in manufacturing the parts directly net shape by using an innovation that avoids overmolding or machining