cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Bootstrap and Amplitudes: A Hike in the Landscape of Quantum Field Theory
Creators: name: Elvang, Henriette
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article is an introduction to two currently very active research programs, the Conformal Bootstrap and Scattering Amplitudes. Rather than attempting full surveys, the emphasis is on common ideas and methods shared by these two seemingly very different programs. In both fields, mathematical and physical constraints are placed directly on the physical observables in order to explore the landscape of possible consistent quantum field theories. We give explicit examples from both programs: the reader can expect to encounter boiling water, ferromagnets, pion scattering, and emergent symmetries on this journey into the landscape of local relativistic quantum field theories. The first part is written for a general physics audience. The second part includes further details, including a new on-shell bottom-up reconstruction of the $\mathbb{CP}^1$ model with the Fubini-Study metric arising from re-summation of the $n$-point interaction terms derived from amplitudes.
description: 45 pages, 4 figures. v2. typos corrected, references added
Lepidopteran Fauna of Machiya Safari Biological park, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
Creators: name: KACHHAWAHA, NEETU
name: Abhishek Rajpurohit
name: Aseri, Robin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Zoology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The present paper deals with some lepidopteran faunal species of Machiya Safari Biological Park, Jodhpur recorded for the first time. To ascertain the conservation priorities and strategies for butterfly and moths species, the biocenotic research was done for better knowledge of faunistic structure and taxonomic position for many species in the Machiya Safari Biological Park, Jodhpur, Rajasthan. A total of 18 species / subspecies belonging to 15 genera, 9 families all new to the Machiya Biological Park, have been observed and listed. Nymphalidae family was the richest, following Pieridae, Lycaenidae, Papiolinidae, Pyralidae, Geometride, Erebidae, Sphingidae and Noctuidae were recorded. Overall high lepidopteran diversity was observed in the Park. Recording the diversity of butterflies species is the reliable approach towards its preservation and is necessary for making a protection measures concept. The present study is a part of project work on study of entomofaunal diversity of biological park. However, some more species are likely to be added to the present list as the study is still in progress.
ORGANIZATION OF NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT IN THAILAND' FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY
Creators: name: Suwannaporn, Prisana
name: Speece, Mark
name: Suwannaporn, Prisana
name: Speece, Mark
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Asian food markets are large and growing very rapidly. Per capita food consumption is increasing as income rises, and food consumption habits are changing. Asian food retailing is also changing rapidly, as distribution and transportation modernizes. Consumers are becoming more sophisticated, with increasing awareness of hygiene and safety, and expectations of better nutrition and more convenience. This rapid development of food markets creates opportunities in food processing as great as in high tech industries (Selwin, 1992). It also puts pressure on food manufacturers to continuously upgrade their products and to offer new products. Management of research and development (R&D) is becoming critical to competitiveness.
Visual Orbits of Spectroscopic Binaries with the CHARA Array. III. HD 8374 and HD 24546
Creators: name: Lester, Kathryn V.
name: Fekel, Francis C.
name: Muterspaugh, Matthew
name: Gies, Douglas R.
name: Schaefer, Gail H.
name: Farrington, Christopher D.
name: Guo, Zhao
name: Matson, Rachel A.
name: Monnier, John D.
name: Brummelaar, Theo ten
name: Sturmann, Judit
name: Weiss, Samuel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the visual orbits of two long period spectroscopic binary stars, HD 8374 and HD 24546, using interferometric observations acquired with the CHARA Array and the Palomar Testbed Interferometer. We also obtained new radial velocities from echelle spectra using the APO 3.5 m and Fairborn 2.0 m telescopes. By combining the visual and spectroscopic observations, we solve for the full, three-dimensional orbits and determine the stellar masses and distances to within 3% uncertainty. We then estimate the effective temperature and radius of each component star through Doppler tomography and spectral energy distribution analyses, in order to compare the observed stellar parameters to the predictions of stellar evolution models. For HD 8374, we find masses of M1 = 1.636 +/- 0.050 Msun and M2 = 1.587 +/- 0.049 Msun, radii of R1 = 1.84 +/- 0.05 Rsun and R2 = 1.66 +/- 0.12 Rsun, temperatures of Teff1 = 7280 +/- 110 K and Teff2 = 7280 +/- 120 K, and an estimated age of 1.0 Gyr. For HD 24546, we find masses of M1 = 1.434 +/- 0.014 Msun and M2 = 1.409 +/- 0.014 Msun, radii of R1 = 1.67 +/- 0.06 Rsun and R2 = 1.60 +/- 0.10 Rsun, temperatures of Teff1 = 6790 +/- 120 K and Teff2 = 6770 +/- 90 K, and an estimated age of 1.4 Gyr. HD 24546 is therefore too old to be a member of the Hyades cluster, despite its physical proximity to the group.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in AJ
DEVELOPMENTS IN BRAZILIAN FOOD SAFETY POLICY
Creators: name: Salay, Elisabete
name: Caswell, Julie A.
name: Salay, Elisabete
name: Caswell, Julie A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: Brazil is an important case study of food safety policies because it is the eighth largest economy in the world in terms of Gross Domestic Product. Analysis of the policy and quality management initiatives of the Brazilian government shows that recent activities are more strongly oriented toward assuring access to international markets than to assuring the safety of food sold in domestic markets. This orientation has important implications for agribusiness firms operating in Brazil. Consumer awareness and consumer protection activities are increasing within the Brazilian economy, often with government support. However, developments in Brazil's food safety policy are likely to continue to emphasize quality assurance for the export market.
Hopf Structures on Ambiskew Polynomial Rings
Creators: name: Hartwig, Jonas T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 16S36; Secondary 16W30, 17B37

description: We derive necessary and sufficient conditions for an ambiskew polynomial ring to have a Hopf algebra structure of a certain type. This construction generalizes many known Hopf algebras, for example U(sl2), U_q(sl2) and the enveloping algebra of the 3-dimensional Heisenberg Lie algebra. In a torsion-free case we describe the finite-dimensional simple modules, in particular their dimensions and prove a Clebsch-Gordan decomposition theorem for the tensor product of two simple modules. We construct a Casimir type operator and prove that any finite-dimensional weight module is semisimple.
description: 23 pages
Optical computation of a spin glass dynamics with tunable complexity
Creators: name: Leonetti, M.
name: Hörmann, E.
name: Leuzzi, L.
name: Parisi, G.
name: Ruocco, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 78-05, 68W20

description: Spin Glasses (SG) are paradigmatic models for physical, computer science, biological and social systems. The problem of studying the dynamics for SG models is NP hard, i.e., no algorithm solves it in polynomial time. Here we implement the optical simulation of a SG, exploiting the N segments of a wavefront shaping device to play the role of the spin variables, combining the interference at downstream of a scattering material to implement the random couplings between the spins (the J ij matrix) and measuring the light intensity on a number P of targets to retrieve the energy of the system. By implementing a plain Metropolis algorithm, we are able to simulate the spin model dynamics, while the degree of complexity of the potential energy landscape and the region of phase diagram explored is user-defined acting on the ratio the P/N = α. We study experimentally, numerically and analytically this peculiar system displaying a paramagnetic, a ferromagnetic and a SG phase, and we demonstrate that the transition temperature T g to the glassy phase from the paramagnetic phase grows with α. With respect to standard in silico approach, in the optical SG interaction terms are realized simultaneously when the independent light rays interferes at the target screen, enabling inherently parallel measurements of the energy, rather than computations scaling with N as in purely in silico simulations.
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE IN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION ALLIANCES
Creators: name: Cozzarin, Brian P.
name: Barry, Peter J.
name: Cozzarin, Brian P.
name: Barry, Peter J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: The manuscript addresses the choice of organizational form in industrialized hog production. The objectives are to review the relevant theoretical literature on organizational form and create conceptual models of two of the major contractual relationships (alliance and integrator) emerging in the hog sector. Actual contracts are proprietary. Consequently, empirical information is scarce; however, we feel that the application of conceptual models of contracts can aid in making performance comparisons. The goal is to give some prescription as to which alternative organizational and contractual forms will perform the best. The models developed in this paper derive optimal contracts and show that an integrator organizational form (one party as residual claimant) may have advantages over an alliance.
Comanthus A. H. Clark 1908
Creators: name: Mohammednowshad, B.
name: Idreesbabu, K. K.
name: Parameswaran, Usha V.
name: Messing, Charles G.
name: Sureshkumar, S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Echinodermata
Crinoidea
Comatulida
Comasteridae
Comanthus

description: Comanthus A.H. Clark, 1908b
 Type species: Alecto parvicirrus Müller, 1841.
 Diagnosis.— A genus of Comatulidae with mouth excentric in fully developed specimens; up to 75 arms; centrodorsal circular to pentagonal; cirri in one row or absent; IBr2 united by synarthry; IIBr and subsequent brachitaxes 2 or 4(3+4); first syzygy at 3+4 on all undivided arms; distal intersyzygial interval 4; pinnule combs at intervals sometimes to near arm tip; primary comb teeth confluent with exterior edge of pinnulars, curved; smaller secondary tooth present or not; proximal comb tooth transverse, saucer-like; terminal comb tooth large, discrete (Summers, et al., 2017).
description: Published as part of Mohammednowshad, B., Idreesbabu, K. K., Parameswaran, Usha V., Messing, Charles G. & Sureshkumar, S., 2020, The Shallow-water Crinoid Fauna of Lakshadweep Atolls, North-western Indian Ocean, pp. 247-265 in Zootaxa 4789 (1) on page 251, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4789.1.9, http://zenodo.org/record/3884945
THE DEVELOPMENT OF A MENTOR PROGRAM TO FOSTER CAREER MANAGEMENT
Creators: name: Baker, Gregory A.
name: Baker, Gregory A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: Because of dramatic changes in the employment environment and the increased frequency with which employees change jobs and careers, career management has become increasingly important. This article introduces and evaluates an academic Mentor Program that was developed in response to these changes. The Mentor Program provides students with many benefits including career counseling, practical work experience, employment opportunities, and networking.
THE GREEN COMPANY: A CASE OF LABOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEE EMPOWERMENT IN A SMALL BUSINESS
Creators: name: Hinson, Roger A.
name: Harrison, R. Wes
name: Deephouse, David L.
name: Minsky, Barbara D.
name: Hinson, Roger A.
name: Harrison, R. Wes
name: Deephouse, David L.
name: Minsky, Barbara D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Agribusiness
Labor and Human Capital

description: The basis of this teaching case is a small nursery and landscape business in the Northeast United States. The case describes how the company attempted to implement a decentralization and employee empowerment program to move relevant decision-making closer to the work site. It illustrates that shifting from a centralized top-down style of management to a decentralized incentive driven style can create many challenges for a small business. Moreover, top management should be cautious about delegating responsibilities to line managers. Not all employees will be successful in this new environment, and without procedures for monitoring and control, significant learning may be necessary as employees move into this environment.
proceeding (2).pdf
Creators: name: KACHHAWAHA, NEETU
name: Abhishek Rajpurohit
name: Aseri, Robin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Zoology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The present paper deals with some lepidopteran faunal species of Machiya Safari Biological Park, Jodhpur recorded for the first time. To ascertain the conservation priorities and strategies for butterfly and moths species, the biocenotic research was done for better knowledge of faunistic structure and taxonomic position for many species in the Machiya Safari Biological Park, Jodhpur, Rajasthan. A total of 18 species / subspecies belonging to 15 genera, 9 families all new to the Machiya Biological Park, have been observed and listed. Nymphalidae family was the richest, following Pieridae, Lycaenidae, Papiolinidae, Pyralidae, Geometride, Erebidae, Sphingidae and Noctuidae were recorded. Overall high lepidopteran diversity was observed in the Park. Recording the diversity of butterflies species is the reliable approach towards its preservation and is necessary for making a protection measures concept. The present study is a part of project work on study of entomofaunal diversity of biological park. However, some more species are likely to be added to the present list as the study is still in progress.
ANALYZING AGRIBUSINESS COMPETITIVENESS: THE CASE OF THE UNITED STATES SUGAR INDUSTRY
Creators: name: Kennedy, P. Lynn
name: Harrison, R. Wes
name: Piedra, Mario A.
name: Kennedy, P. Lynn
name: Harrison, R. Wes
name: Piedra, Mario A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: The U.S. sugar industry has historically been insulated from volatilities in the world sugar market through the use of an import quota. Recent occurrences in the international agricultural policy arena have brought the need to examine the competitiveness of the United States sugar industry to the fore. Developments with respect to international agricultural policies, combined with a restructuring of United States domestic agricultural policy will undoubtedly reshape the environment in which the U.S. Sugar industry operates. This paper seeks to answer how the various regions and sectors will be able to compete in the world market. This paper starts by outlining an analytical framework to examine the impact of various sources that influence competitiveness in the sugar industry and identify several indicators of competitiveness.
Additional file 5 of The genetic variation of different developmental stages of Schistosoma japonicum: do the distribution in snails and pairing preference benefit the transmission?
Creators: name: Gu, Meng-Jie
name: Li, Yan-Wei
name: Emery, Aidan M.
name: Li, Shi-Zhu
name: Jiang, Yong-Zhong
name: Dong, Hui-Fen
name: Zhao, Qin-Ping
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5: Table S5. Genetic diversity of each locus in miracidia from the liver/stool of mice in Method I and Method II.
Cosmological Production of Vector Bosons and Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation
Creators: name: Blaschke, D. B.
name: Vinitsky, S. I.
name: Gusev, A. A.
name: Pervushin, V. N.
name: Proskurin, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The intensive cosmological creation of vector W, Z- bosons in the cosmological model with the relative units is considered. Field theoretical models are studied, which predict that the CMB radiation and the baryon matter in the universe can be products of decay and annihilation processes of these primordial bosons.
description: 31 pages, 1 figure
A FRAMEWORK FOR INCORPORATING CASE WRITING ASSIGNMENTS IN GRADUATE AGRIBUSINESS COURSES
Creators: name: Sureshwaran, Suresh
name: Hanks, Gwen
name: Sureshwaran, Suresh
name: Hanks, Gwen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Agribusiness
Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: Case studies have been the primary tool utilized for enhancing experiential learning in agribusiness courses. The case analysis technique of instruction can be made even more vivid and profound for students when they are involved in the actual gathering of data and writing of cases. The procedures and experiences of actually writing cases, and more specifically involving students in writing new case studies, are not addressed in the existing agribusiness literature. This article relates the case writing activity to the changing profile of agribusiness education and the desirable characteristics of graduates. It also utilizes a specific example to illustrate the issues of class composition and course requirements; and develops a framework for integrating case writing in graduate courses.
Jointly fitting weak lensing, X-ray and Sunyaev-Zel'dovich data to constrain scalar-tensor theories with clusters of galaxies
Creators: name: Cardone, Vincenzo F.
name: Karmakar, Purnendu
name: De Petris, Marco
name: Maoli, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Degenerate higher-order scalar-tensor (DHOST) theories are considered the most general class of scalar-tensor theories so that any constraints on them apply to the full set of scalar-tensor models. DHOST theories modify the laws of gravity even at galaxy clusters scale hence affecting the weak lensing (WL), X-ray and Sunyaev-Zel'dovich observables. We derive the theoretical expression for the lensing convergence $κ$, and the pressure profile $P$, of clusters in the framework of DHOST theories, and quantify how much they deviate from their General Relativity (GR) counterparts. We argue that combined measurements of $κ$, $P$, and of the electron number density, $n_e$, can constrain both the cluster and DHOST theory parameters. We carry on a Fisher matrix forecasts analysis to investigate whether this is indeed the case considering different scenarios for the spatial resolution and errors on the measured quantities.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures
GRAIN PRODUCERS' ATTITUDES TO NEW FORMS OF SUPPLY CHAIN COORDINATION
Creators: name: Duval, Yann
name: Biere, Arlo W.
name: Duval, Yann
name: Biere, Arlo W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Industrial Organization

description: This paper reports the analysis of two groups of wheat producers: American White Wheat Producers Association members who produce white wheat under contract with the cooperative and those who have chosen not to do so. The results show the diversity of producers' attitudes, preferences, knowledge and decision making. Nonmembers tend to rely more on short-term profitability and are less willing to risk innovation for unproven profits. Nonmembers also are less supportive of contract production and less inclined to use a young cooperative in that situation. This study demonstrates that the development of a new coordination mechanism entails much education of participants and that producer involvement also depends on learning on the part of everyone in the supply chain.
Impurity effects in thermal regelation
Creators: name: Marath, Navaneeth K.
name: Wettlaufer, John S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a particle is placed in a material with a lower bulk melting temperature, intermolecular forces can lead to the existence of a premelted liquid film of the lower melting temperature material. Despite the system being below the melting temperatures of both solids, the liquid film is a consequence of thermodynamic equilibrium, controlled by intermolecular, ionic and other interactions. An imposed temperature gradient drives the translation of the particle by a process of melting and refreezing known as thermal regelation. We calculate the rate of regelation of spherical particles surrounded by premelted films that contain ionic impurities. The impurities enhance the rate of motion thereby influencing the dynamics of single particles and distributions of particles, which we describe in addition to the consequences in natural and technological settings.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, Soft Matter, 2020
Power laws, Pareto distributions and Zipf's law
Creators: name: Newman, M. E. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When the probability of measuring a particular value of some quantity varies inversely as a power of that value, the quantity is said to follow a power law, also known variously as Zipf's law or the Pareto distribution. Power laws appear widely in physics, biology, earth and planetary sciences, economics and finance, computer science, demography and the social sciences. For instance, the distributions of the sizes of cities, earthquakes, solar flares, moon craters, wars and people's personal fortunes all appear to follow power laws. The origin of power-law behaviour has been a topic of debate in the scientific community for more than a century. Here we review some of the empirical evidence for the existence of power-law forms and the theories proposed to explain them.
description: 28 pages, 16 figures, minor corrections and additions in this version
Additional file 4 of The genetic variation of different developmental stages of Schistosoma japonicum: do the distribution in snails and pairing preference benefit the transmission?
Creators: name: Gu, Meng-Jie
name: Li, Yan-Wei
name: Emery, Aidan M.
name: Li, Shi-Zhu
name: Jiang, Yong-Zhong
name: Dong, Hui-Fen
name: Zhao, Qin-Ping
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Table S4. Genetic diversity of combined nine loci in worms from each mouse in Method I and Method II.
Orbital-selective Mott transitions in the 2-band J_z-model: a high-precision quantum Monte Carlo study
Creators: name: van Dongen, P. G. J.
name: Knecht, C.
name: Blümer, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using high-precision quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) simulations within the framework of dynamical mean field theory (DMFT), we show that the anisotropic degenerate two-orbital Hubbard model contains two consecutive orbital-selective Mott transitions (OSMTs) even in the absence of spin-flip terms and pair-hopping processes. In order to reveal the second transition we carefully analyze the low-frequency part of the self-energy and the local spectral functions. This paper extends our previous work to lower temperatures. We discuss the nature - in particular the order - of both Mott transitions and list various possible extensions.
description: 4 pages, pss style; presented at conference "Physics of Magnetism", Poznan (Poland), June 24-27, 2005
Experimental preparation of pure superposition states of atoms via elliptically polarized bichromatic radiation
Creators: name: Zibrov, Sergei A.
name: Velichansky, V. L.
name: Taichenachev, A. V.
name: Yudin, V. I.
name: Zibrov, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a simple and effective way of creating pure dark superposition states. The generation of pure states is carried out by using bichromatic radiation with controllable polarization ellipticity. We derived analytic formulas for polarization elipticity to obtain pure dark states of different Zeeman sublevels of alkali atoms. Experimentally we accumulated ~60% of the atoms in the 0-0 dark state of the D1 line of Rb87
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
title: Serving peace and democracy? The rationales and impact of post-conflict self-determination referendums in Eritrea, East Timor, and South Sudan
Creators: name: Fujikawa, Kentaro
Publisher: name: London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
Year: 2023

description: Self-determination referendums have been used to resolve protracted self-determination conflicts. The existing peacebuilding literature on post-conflict self-determination referendums is limited and divided between those who are concerned about the negative impact of their zero-sum nature and those who argue that they contribute to peace under certain conditions. To resolve this debate, the thesis conducts a structured, focused comparison of three post-conflict self-determination referendums held with their respective central governments’ consent: Eritrea, East Timor, and South Sudan. Relying on approximately 70 elite interviews, it examines (1) rationales behind the decision to hold referendums; (2) the referendums’ impact on resolving the original self-determination conflicts; and (3) their impact on post-conflict peacebuilding inside the newly independent states. Findings for each question are as follows. First, once self-determination was agreed upon, pro-independence movements strongly demanded a referendum as they reflected upon their historical experiences and were worried that their representatives might be bribed or threatened in an indirect vote. Second, the referendums have helped resolve the original conflicts decisively by showing the wish of the population quantitatively. But they do not seem to have a specific effect on the long-term relationship between the newly independent state and the continuing state. Third, there is no evidence to suggest that the referendums helped accommodate tensions within the newly independent states, but they could help consolidate democracy if other conditions permit it to endure. However, the unity of the pro-independence movements shown during the referendums contributed to excessive optimism among the international actors. The international actors wrongly assumed that this unity would continue after independence, that this unity meant democratization would not be difficult, and that this unity indicated that no tensions existed within the pro-independence movements. Overall, self-determination referendums have value in settling the original conflicts, but their positive effect on peacebuilding inside newly independent states is limited and could be outweighed by the accompanied excessive optimism by the international actors.
A Transport Model for Nuclear Reactions Induced by Radioactive Beams
Creators: name: Li, Bao-An
name: Chen, Lie-Wen
name: Das, Champak B.
name: Gupta, Subal Das
name: Gale, Charles
name: Ko, Che Ming
name: Yong, Gao-Chan
name: Zuo, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Major ingredients of an isospin and momentum dependent transport model for nuclear reactions induced by radioactive beams are outlined. Within the IBUU04 version of this model we study several experimental probes of the equation of state of neutron-rich matter, especially the density dependence of the nuclear symmetry energy. Comparing with the recent experimental data from NSCL/MSU on isospin diffusion, we found a nuclear symmetry energy of $% E_{sym}(ρ)\approx 31.6(ρ/ρ_{0})^{1.05}$ at subnormal densities. Predictions on several observables sensitive to the density dependence of the symmetry energy at supranormal densities accessible at GSI and the planned Rare Isotope Accelerator (RIA) are also made.
description: 10 pages. Talk given at the 2nd Argonne/MSU/JINA/INT RIA Workshop at MSU, March 9-12, 2005 to be published in the Proceedings by the American Institute of Physics
Heterometra A. H. Clark 1909
Creators: name: Mohammednowshad, B.
name: Idreesbabu, K. K.
name: Parameswaran, Usha V.
name: Messing, Charles G.
name: Sureshkumar, S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Echinodermata
Crinoidea
Comatulida
Himerometridae
Heterometra

description: Heterometra A.H. Clark, 1909d
 Type species.— Antedon quinduplicava Carpenter, 1888.
 Diagnosis.—A genus of Himerometridae with more than ten arms in fully developed individuals; cirri moderately long with aboral tubercle or spine on distal segments and terminal claw always strongly curved; distal cirrus segments usually shorter than proximal, or both distal and proximal cirrus segments short; proximal brachial pinnules increasing in length and robustness from P1 to P3; enlarged proximal pinnules elongated, slender or rather stout, smooth or with basal keel, or with distal segments each bearing spines or flange-like projection (A.H. Clark, 1941).
 Remarks.— Heterometra currently includes 27 accepted species. However, eight are known from only three or fewer specimens (four from one specimen each), and several are distinguished on the basis of minor morphological, often apparently ontogenetic, differences (e.g., arm number, cirrus and proximal pinnule length, or proportions of cirrals or pinnulars) (A.H. Clark, 1941; Messing & Tay, 2016).
description: Published as part of Mohammednowshad, B., Idreesbabu, K. K., Parameswaran, Usha V., Messing, Charles G. & Sureshkumar, S., 2020, The Shallow-water Crinoid Fauna of Lakshadweep Atolls, North-western Indian Ocean, pp. 247-265 in Zootaxa 4789 (1) on pages 256-257, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4789.1.9, http://zenodo.org/record/3884945
Entanglement-assisted local transformations between inequivalent classes of three-particle entangled states
Creators: name: Ghiu, Iulia
name: Bourennane, Mohamed
name: Karlsson, Anders
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that bipartite and tripartite entangled states cannot be used as catalysis states to enable local transformations inbetween inequivalent classes of three-particle entangled states which are non-interchangeable under local transformations. We find the optimal protocol for conversion of a certain family of the W-states and an EPR-pair into the GHZ-state.
description: 1 figure
ECONOMICALLY DETERMINED LIVESTOCK QUARANTINE ZONES
Creators: name: Paarlberg, Philip L.
name: Seitzinger, Ann Hillberg
name: Lee, John G.
name: Paarlberg, Philip L.
name: Seitzinger, Ann Hillberg
name: Lee, John G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: This paper examines economic factors present when setting quarantine zones for contagious livestock diseases like foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). A conceptual model explores the trade-offs as zone size expands. One trade-off is between the cost of economic activity inside the zone and the benefits of reduced disease spread. There are also agricultural and non-agricultural price effects to consider. Two hypothetical counties are constructed to illustrate the ides. Town or city location is critical to the size. Livestock density is inversely related to zone size with low density regions able to reduce disease spread at relatively low cost.
Instability of non-Keplerian warped discs
Creators: name: Dogan, Suzan
name: Nixon, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many accretion discs are thought to be warped. Recent hydrodynamical simulations show that (i) discs can break into distinct planes when the amplitude of an imposed warp is sufficiently high and the viscosity sufficiently low, and that (ii) discs can tear up into discrete rings when an initially planar disc is subject to a forced precession. Previously, we investigated the local stability of isolated, Keplerian, warped discs in order to understand the physics causing an accretion disc to break into distinct planes, finding that anti-diffusion of the warp amplitude is the underlying cause. Here, we explore the behaviour of this instability in disc regions where the rotation profile deviates from Keplerian. We find that at small warp amplitudes non-Keplerian rotation can stabilize the disc by increasing the critical warp amplitude for instability, while at large warp amplitudes non-Keplerian rotation can lead to an increased growth rate for discs that are unstable. Tidal effects on discs in binary systems are typically weak enough such that the disc remains close to Keplerian rotation. However, the inner regions of discs around black holes are strongly affected, with the smallest radius at which the disc can break into discrete planes being a function of the black hole spin. We suggest that interpreting observed frequencies in the power spectra of light curves from accreting compact objects as nodal and apsidal precession of discrete orbits requires an instability that can break the disc into discrete rings such as the one explored here.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Full counting statistics for voltage and dephasing probes
Creators: name: Pilgram, S.
name: Samuelsson, P.
name: Forster, H.
name: Buttiker, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a stochastic path integral method to calculate the full counting statistics of conductors with energy conserving dephasing probes and dissipative voltage probes. The approach is explained for the experimentally important case of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, but is easily generalized to more complicated setups. For all geometries where dephasing may be modeled by a single one-channel dephasing probe we prove that our method yields the same full counting statistics as phase averaging of the cumulant generating function.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 2 of The genetic variation of different developmental stages of Schistosoma japonicum: do the distribution in snails and pairing preference benefit the transmission?
Creators: name: Gu, Meng-Jie
name: Li, Yan-Wei
name: Emery, Aidan M.
name: Li, Shi-Zhu
name: Jiang, Yong-Zhong
name: Dong, Hui-Fen
name: Zhao, Qin-Ping
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Genetic diversity of nine microsatellite loci in all genotyped cercariae from snails of two groups.
Social workers’ and physicians’ experiences with review panels in British Columbia
Creators: name: Yip, So-Han Seraphina
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In British Columbia, individuals with a mental disorder can be hospitalised against their will under the Mental Health Act (1999), when a physician determines that "protection of the person or others" is an issue. Involuntary psychiatric hospitalisation involves a major infringement of an individual's civil liberty. When patients or their representatives disagree with the treatment teams about their involuntary hospitalisation, they can apply for an appeal hearing named the review panel under the Mental Health Act (1999). From a theoretical perspective, the traditional medical model and the social constructionist model, which offer different views concerning individuals with mental illness who are hospitalised against their will, are presented. This theoretical contrast underscores a major dilemma faced by mental health professionals in fostering client self-determination, while they are providing services on the principle of beneficent protection. An empowerment model of social work practice is then described to illustrate how services can be provided to help mental patients regain a sense of control over their lives. Concerns about the current legislation regarding involuntary hospitalisation are also discussed. To supplement the limited number of studies currently available on review panels, a quantitative descriptive study was conducted at Riverview Hospital, the only tertiary psychiatric hospital in British Columbia, surveying the experiences of 39 social workers and physicians with review panels. A questionnaire consisting of 22 Likerttype items was used. Four categories were identified: (a) patient-related issues, (b) effects of review panels on treatment teams, (c) role conflicts, and (d) operational issues. Despite the apparent lack of formal training, social workers and physicians generally reported having adequate knowledge of review panels. Social workers and physicians who were involved more frequently with review panels appeared to have more positive attitudes towards them. Their training pertaining to the Mental Health Act was also significantly related to their attitudes. Neither patients nor their families reportedly had adequate knowledge of the review panel process. Although some positive effects of review panels were acknowledged, staff generally had mixed attitudes about review panels. Guided by an empowerment model, these findings have important implications for social work practice. These include the need for further professional training, improved communication between health professionals and legal advocates, education for patients and families, and the support of patients' collective action, so that review panels can be a more empowering experience for mental patients.
FORECASTING BROILER WATER DEMAND: ECONOMETRIC AND TIME SERIES ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Houston, Jack E.
name: Adhikari, Murali
name: Paudel, Laxmi
name: Houston, Jack E.
name: Adhikari, Murali
name: Paudel, Laxmi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: A profit maximization model and an ARIMA model were developed to forecast water demand for broiler production. Broiler production decisions are made in three successive stages -- primary broiler breeding flock, hatchery flock, and finishing broiler production. The forecasted numbers of broilers from structural and ARIMA models depart significantly from a USGS physical model. Analysis indicates 15% slippage in water demand forecasting related to disregarding the role of economic variables. We also found that an appropriate lag structure can fully capture the information used in structural models, assuming no structural change.
British Journal for Military History, Vol 7 No 1 (2020)
Creators: name: British Journal For Military History
Publisher: name: British Journal for Military History
Year: 2021

description: Editorial...1 The Employment of War Dogs in the Medieval and Early Modern West...2-20 The Economics and Logistics of Horse-drawn Armies...21-45 ‘Very Prejudicial to the Service of the Revenue’: The British Army on Coastal Duty in Eighteenth-Century East Anglia...46-63 Bushman or Boer – Australian Identity in a ‘White Man’s War’, 1899–1902...64-86 What’s in a name? Identifying military engagements in Egypt and the Levant, 1915-1918...87-112 Perceptions and realities of the Mediterranean East: French soldiers and the Macedonian Campaign of the First World War...113-134 Repetition versus Revision: Narratives in the BBC’s Great War Centenary...135-152 An Experiment inside an Experiment: Improvements in First World War Tank Wireless Communications...153-173 Steele Brand, Killing for the Republic: Citizen-Soldiers and the Roman Way of War...174-175 Christopher Tyerman, The World of the Crusades. An Illustrated History...176-178 Katrin Möbius & Sascha Möbius, Prussian Army Soldiers and the Seven Years’ War: The Psychology of Honour...178-179 Rick Atkinson, The British are Coming: The War for America, 1775-1777...180-181 Ian F W Beckett, A British Profession of Arms: The Politics of Command in the Late Victorian Army...182-183 Timothy Bowman, William Butler and Michael Wheatley, The Disparity of Sacrifice: Irish Recruitment to the British Armed Forces, 1914-1918...183-185 Meysut Uyar, The Ottoman Army and the First World War...185-187 Brandon M Schechter, The Stuff of Soldiers: A History of the Red Army in World War II through Objects...188-189 Daniel Todman, Britain’s War: A New World, 1942–1947...189-191
Handling Concept Drifts in Regression Problems -- the Error Intersection Approach
Creators: name: Baier, Lucas
name: Hofmann, Marcel
name: Kühl, Niklas
name: Mohr, Marisa
name: Satzger, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine learning models are omnipresent for predictions on big data. One challenge of deployed models is the change of the data over time, a phenomenon called concept drift. If not handled correctly, a concept drift can lead to significant mispredictions. We explore a novel approach for concept drift handling, which depicts a strategy to switch between the application of simple and complex machine learning models for regression tasks. We assume that the approach plays out the individual strengths of each model, switching to the simpler model if a drift occurs and switching back to the complex model for typical situations. We instantiate the approach on a real-world data set of taxi demand in New York City, which is prone to multiple drifts, e.g. the weather phenomena of blizzards, resulting in a sudden decrease of taxi demand. We are able to show that our suggested approach outperforms all regarded baselines significantly.
Binary and Multivariate Stochastic Models of Consensus Formation
Creators: name: Miguel, Maxi San
name: Eguíluz, Víctor M.
name: Toral, Raúl
name: Klemm, Konstantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A current paradigm in computer simulation studies of social sciences problems by physicists is the emergence of consensus. The question is to establish when the dynamics of a set of interacting agents that can choose among several options (political vote, opinion, cultural features, etc.) leads to a consensus in one of these options, or when a state with several coexisting social options prevail. We consider here stochastic dynamic models naturally studied by computer simulations. We will first review some basic results for the voter model. This is a binary option stochastic model, and probably the simplest model of collective behavior. Next we consider a model proposed by Axelrod for the dissemination of culture. This model can be considered as a multivariable elaboration of the voter model dynamics.
description: (16 pages, 8 figures; for simililar work visit http://www.imedea.uib.es/physdept)
Additional file 3 of The genetic variation of different developmental stages of Schistosoma japonicum: do the distribution in snails and pairing preference benefit the transmission?
Creators: name: Gu, Meng-Jie
name: Li, Yan-Wei
name: Emery, Aidan M.
name: Li, Shi-Zhu
name: Jiang, Yong-Zhong
name: Dong, Hui-Fen
name: Zhao, Qin-Ping
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Table S3. Genetic diversity of each locus in adult worms from mice infected with two methods.
On the interplay between Tc-inhomogeneities at long length scales and thermal fluctuations around the average superconducting transition in cuprates
Creators: name: Vidal, F.
name: Veira, J. A.
name: Maza, J.
name: Mosqueira, J.
name: Carballeira, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review some aspects of the interplay between inhomogeneities at long length scales and the intrinsic fluctuations of Cooper pairs above Tc in HTSC. These inhomogeneities do not directly affect the thermal fluctuations, but they may affect the measured behaviour of any observable around Tc. The emphasis is centered on the role played by the presence of Tc-inhomogeneities on the in-plane transport properties. For completeness, we will also summarize some results on this interplay when various types of inhomogeneities (i.e., structural and stoichiometric, uniformly and non-uniformly distributed) are simultaneously present.
description: PDF file. 34 pages, including figures. Updated version of the article indicated in the "Journal-ref"
DIFFUSION OF BT COTTON AND INSECTICIDE USE
Creators: name: Frisvold, George B.
name: Frisvold, George B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: This study estimated a dynamic logistic model to explain the diffusion Bt cotton in the United States. Regional differences in the speed and extent of Bt cotton adoption were explained by differences in availability of Bt seed adapted to local conditions, potential seed supplier profits, and economic variables affecting grower gains from adoption. The study also estimated the impact of Bt cotton on insecticide use, controlling for differences in pest infestations and prices and correcting for the endogeneity of the Bt adoption decision. Bt cotton significantly reduced insecticide applications to control target pests - cotton bollworm, tobacco budworm, and pink bollworm. Bt cotton has led to an overall reduction in these applications per total US cotton acres, ranging from 0.5 in 1996 to 1.8 in 2003. Reductions in applications per infested acres ranged from 0.67 to 2.3.