cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Global Equilibrium and Non-Equilibrium Theory of Hopping Exciton Transport in Disordered Semiconductors
Creators: name: Ansari-Rad, Mehdi
name: Athanasopoulos, Stavros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a temperature dependent theory for singlet exciton hopping transport in disordered semiconductors. It draws on the transport level concept within a Förster transfer model and bridges the gap in describing the transition from equilibrium to non-equilibrium time dependent spectral diffusion. We test the validity range of the developed model using kinetic Monte Carlo simulations and find agreement over a broad range of temperatures. It reproduces the scaling of the diffusion length and spectral shift with the dimensionless disorder parameter and describes in a unified manner the transition from equilibrium to non-equilibrium transport regime. We find that the diffusion length in the non-equilibrium regime does not scale with the the third power of the Förster radius. The developed theory provides a powerful tool for interpreting time-resolved and steady state spectroscopy experiments in a variety of disordered materials, including organic semiconductors and colloidal quantum dots.
A new invariant for sigma models
Creators: name: Zois, Ioannis P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a new invariant for foliations using the even pairing between K-homology and cyclic homology and discuss some possible applications in physics.
description: 45 pages, extended version. to appear in Commun. Math. Phys., communicated with A. Connes
title: Schwerpunktwoche zum HANSEMOOT
Creators: name: Klafki, Anika
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Direkte Demokratie
subject: Hansemoot
subject: Juristenausbildung
subject: Mooting
subject: 340

description: Am 13. und 14. November 2017 fand der erste bundesweite Moot Court im Verfassungsrecht – der HANSEMOOT – in Hamburg statt. 13 studentische Teams aus ganz Deutschland reichten Schriftsätze ein und verhandelten einen verfassungsrechtlichen Sachverhalt, in dem es um das Verhältnis von direkter und repräsentativer Demokratie ging. Der HANSEMOOT gibt zum einen Anlass zur Reflektion über die Rolle von Mootings in der juristischen Ausbildung. Zum anderen soll die Bedeutung direktdemokratischer Elemente für die Demokratie in unserer Schwerpunktwoche in den Blick genommen werden.
description: JuWissBlog
title: Das Sezessionsverfahren in Katalonien: Verfassungsrecht vs. Völkerrecht?
Creators: name: Juchs, Geoffrey
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Geoffrey Juchs
subject: Katalonien
subject: Selbstbestimmungsrecht
subject: Staatensukzession
subject: Unabhängigkeitserklärung
subject: 340

description: Am 27.10.2017 hat das Regionalparlament von Katalonien über die Unabhängigkeit der Region abgestimmt und mit 70 zu 10 Stimmen bei 2 Enthaltungen die Unabhängigkeit Kataloniens beschlossen. Dies wirft die Frage auf, wie diese Lage juristisch zu bewerten ist.
description: JuWissBlog
Non-linear impedance spectroscopy applied to thermoelectric measurements: beyond the ZT estimation
Creators: name: Thiébaut, Etienne
name: Pesty, François
name: Goupil, Christophe
name: Guegan, Guillaume
name: Lecoeur, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermoelectric measurement of the dimensionless zT parameter requires multiple physical quantities to be measured, therefore there is great interest to find an experimental setup capable of measuring all these properties at once. Previous works on impedance spectroscopy have shown promising results in this direction, however, this technique does not lead to a complete characterization of the thermoelectric system without additional measurement. In order to extend impedance spectroscopy, we have investigated the measurement of the non-linear harmonic response of a Peltier device. The experiments are analyzed using an analytic model obtained by solving the heat equation in the frequency regime. Our work shows that fitting the experimental response of the system in the harmonic regime can lead to a complete characterization of the thermoelectric properties without the need of additional measurement.
description: 9 pages 6 figures Change from the previous version: add Kramers-Kronig analysis add DC response analysis add the influence of temperature dependence of material properties in the model add references
A Sequence of Declining Outbursts from GX339-4
Creators: name: Rubin, B. C.
name: Haron, B. A.
name: Paciesas, W. S.
name: Robinson, C. R.
name: Zhang, S. N.
name: Fishman, G. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The flux and spectrum of the black hole candidate GX339-4 has been monitored by the Burst and Transient Source Experiment (BATSE) on the Compton Gamma-ray Observatory (CGRO) since the observatory became operational in May 1991. Between the summer of 1991 and the fall of 1996, eight outbursts from GX339-4 were observed. The history of these outbursts is one of declining fluence or total energy release, as well as a shortening of the time between outbursts. A rough linear correlation exists between the fluence emitted during an outburst and the time elapsed between the end of the previous outburst and the beginning of the current one. The peak flux is also roughly linearly correlated with outburst fluence. The lightcurves of the earlier, more intense, outbursts (except for the second one) can be modeled by a fast exponential (time constant ~ 10 days) followed by a slower exponential (~ 100 days) on the rise and a fast exponential decay (~ 5 days) on the fall. The later, weaker, outbursts are modeled with a single rising time constant (~ 20 days) and a longer decay on the fall (~ 50 days). An exponential model gives a marginally better fit than a power law to the rise/decay profiles. GX339-4 is a unique source in having more frequent outbursts than other low mass x-ray binary black hole candidates. These observations can be used to constrain models of the behavior of the accretion disk surrounding the compact object.
description: Accepted for Publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters, AASTEX
title: Antiterrorkampf in Grün – Der Entwurf für eine Änderung des Polizeigesetzes Baden-Württemberg: Schwerpunkt JuWissDay 2017
Creators: name: Sikora, Judith
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: elektronische Fußfessel
subject: Gefährder
subject: innere Sicherheit
subject: Kampf gegen den Terror
subject: Polizeirecht
subject: Rechtspolitik
subject: 340

description: Am 26.09.2017 legte Winfried Kretschmann dem Landtag von Baden-Württemberg einen Entwurf u.a. für eine Änderung des Polizeigesetzes vor. Ein wichtiger Punkt ist dabei die Erweiterung polizeilicher Eingriffsbefugnisse. Angesichts der hohen Terrorgefahr schlägt die Landesregierung die Einführung neuer und weiter reichender präventiv-polizeilicher Befugnisse zur Telekommunikationsüberwachung (TKÜ) und Quellen-TKÜ vor. Daneben soll eine Standardbefugnis für Aufenthaltsvorgaben und Kontaktverbote geschaffen werden, deren Umsetzung mithilfe der sog. elektronischen Fußfessel kontrolliert wird. Sprengstoff birgt auch die Erweiterung des Waffenarsenals auf Explosivmittel.
description: JuWissBlog
title: Aus für Jamaika: was sieht das Grundgesetz jetzt vor?
Creators: name: Dworzynski, David
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Bundeskanzler
subject: Bundespräsident
subject: Bundestag
subject: David Dworzynski
subject: Jamaika-Koalition
subject: Merkel
subject: Minderheitsregierung
subject: Neuwahlen
subject: Steinmeier
subject: 342

description: In der Nacht auf den 20.11.2017 kam die endgültige Klarheit: Die Sondierungsgespräche für eine „Jamaika-Koalition“ sind gescheitert – auch die SPD steht zu ihrem Bekenntnis, keine Regierungsverantwortung übernehmen zu wollen. Knapp zwei Monate nach der Bundestagswahl steht die Bundesrepublik erstmals vor einer Situation, die zwar schon diskutiert wurde, aber bislang kaum vorstellbar war: zum jetzigen Stand gibt es keine Regierungsmehrheit. Was aber bedeutet das konkret? Immer mehr ist von Neuwahlen und einer Minderheitsregierung die Rede – der Weg dorthin ist mit Blick auf die Gegebenheiten der Verfassung nicht ganz so einfach, wie es manchmal behauptet wird.
description: JuWissBlog
Additional file 8 of AR antagonists develop drug resistance through TOMM20 autophagic degradation-promoted transformation to neuroendocrine prostate cancer
Creators: name: Yin, Linglong
name: Ye, Yubing
name: Zou, Ling
name: Lin, Jinli
name: Dai, Yi
name: Fu, Yongming
name: Liu, Youhong
name: Peng, Yuchong
name: Gao, Yingxue
name: Fu, Yuxin
name: Qi, Xuli
name: Deng, Tanggang
name: Zhang, Songwei
name: Li, Xiong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 8: Supplementary Table. 1. Sequences of siRNA and RT-PCR primers used in this study.
A Tetris-like Model Showing a Universal Enhanced Flow Rate of a Hopper Discharging Hard Discs Through an Adjustable Inclusion
Creators: name: Gao, Guo-Jie Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the literature, placing an inclusion near the orifice of a hopper, containing disc particles, has been experimentally and numerically reported to locally enhance the gravity-driven hopper flow rate. Moreover, the peaked flow rate can happen regardless of the interparticle friction, the inclusion geometry, or the disc dispersity. To reveal the fundamental reason causing this local effect, we propose a Tetris-like model that sequentially moves one disc particle at a time towards the hopper orifice. A Gaussian displacement function that independently controls a disc's movement in the horizontal or vertical direction, and the algorithm of the model accepts a movement as long as it creates no overlap between objects in the system. Our model creates an artificial steady probability-driven hopper flow without knowing the Newtonian dynamics which allows interparticle collaborative motion. Under specific conditions, we reproduce the enhanced flow rate and show that a moderate response time of the system and a flow rate difference between its value around the inclusion and its maximum without an inclusion are sufficient to explain this local effect with no Newton's laws involved.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
On-line Adaptative Curriculum Learning for GANs
Creators: name: Doan, Thang
name: Monteiro, Joao
name: Albuquerque, Isabela
name: Mazoure, Bogdan
name: Durand, Audrey
name: Pineau, Joelle
name: Hjelm, R Devon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) can successfully approximate a probability distribution and produce realistic samples. However, open questions such as sufficient convergence conditions and mode collapse still persist. In this paper, we build on existing work in the area by proposing a novel framework for training the generator against an ensemble of discriminator networks, which can be seen as a one-student/multiple-teachers setting. We formalize this problem within the full-information adversarial bandit framework, where we evaluate the capability of an algorithm to select mixtures of discriminators for providing the generator with feedback during learning. To this end, we propose a reward function which reflects the progress made by the generator and dynamically update the mixture weights allocated to each discriminator. We also draw connections between our algorithm and stochastic optimization methods and then show that existing approaches using multiple discriminators in literature can be recovered from our framework. We argue that less expressive discriminators are smoother and have a general coarse grained view of the modes map, which enforces the generator to cover a wide portion of the data distribution support. On the other hand, highly expressive discriminators ensure samples quality. Finally, experimental results show that our approach improves samples quality and diversity over existing baselines by effectively learning a curriculum. These results also support the claim that weaker discriminators have higher entropy improving modes coverage. Keywords: multiple discriminators, curriculum learning, multiple resolutions discriminators, multi-armed bandits, generative adversarial networks, smooth discriminators, multi-discriminator gan training, multiple experts.
description: Accepted to the Thirty-Third AAAI Conference On Artificial Intelligence, 2019 (Added 128x128 CelebA samples to the end of the appendix)
The Light-Cone Vacuum in 1+1 Dimensional Super-Yang-Mills Theory
Creators: name: Antonuccio, F.
name: Lunin, O.
name: Pinsky, S.
name: Tsujimaru, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Discrete Light-Cone Quantization (DLCQ) of a supersymmetric SU(N) gauge theory in 1+1 dimensions is discussed, with particular emphasis given to the inclusion of all dynamical zero modes. Interestingly, the notorious `zero-mode problem' is now tractable because of special supersymmetric cancellations. In particular, we show that anomalous zero-mode contributions to the currents are absent, in contrast to what is observed in the non-supersymmetric case. We find that the supersymmetric partner of the gauge zero mode is the diagonal component of the fermion zero mode. An analysis of the vacuum structure is provided and it is shown that the inclusion of zero modes is crucial for probing the phase properties of the vacua. In particular, we find that the ground state energy is zero and N-fold degenerate, and thus consistent with unbroken supersymmetry. We also show that the inclusion of zero modes for the light-cone supercharges leaves the supersymmetry algebra unchanged. Finally, we remark that the dependence of the light-cone Fock vacuum in terms of the gauge zero is unchanged in the presence of matter fields.
description: REVTEX, 15 pages
Noether superpotentials in supergravities
Creators: name: Henneaux, M.
name: Julia, B.
name: Silva, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Straightforward application of the standard Noether method in supergravity theories yields an incorrect superpotential for local supersymmetry transformations, which gives only half of the correct supercharge. We show how to derive the correct superpotential through Lagrangian methods, by applying a criterion proposed recently by one of us. We verify the equivalence with the Hamiltonian formalism. It is also indicated why the first-order and second-order formalisms lead to the same superpotential. We rederive in particular the central extension by the magnetic charge of the ${\cal N}_4 =2$ algebra of SUGRA asymptotic charges.
description: 18 Pages, LaTex, minor changes, to be published in NPB
title: Hauptausschuss im Bundestag: Was unschön war wird unerträglich
Creators: name: Wierny, Thomas
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Ausschüsse
subject: Bundestag
subject: Große Koalition
subject: Hauptausschuss
subject: Jamaika
subject: Parlamentsrecht
subject: Thomas Wierny
subject: 340

description: In seiner ersten Sitzung nach der Konstituierung hat sich der 19. Deutsche Bundestag am Dienstagvormittag zunächst mit der Einsetzung von Ausschüssen beschäftigt. Im Ergebnis arbeitet das Parlament nun erst einmal mit nur drei Ausschüssen. Einer von diesen dreien ist der sog. „Hauptausschuss“. Die erneute Nutzung dieses Instrumentes nach 2013 bedarf einer erneuten Überprüfung. Schließlich ist die Situation in der aktuellen Legislaturperiode eine andere.
description: JuWissBlog
New aspects of absorption line formation in intervening turbulent clouds - III. The inverse problem in the study of H+D profiles
Creators: name: Levshakov, S. A.
name: Kegel, W. H.
name: Takahara, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new method, based on a Reverse Monte Carlo technique and aimed at the inverse problem in the analysis of interstellar (intergalactic) absorption lines is presented. We consider the process of line formation in media with a stochastic velocity field accounting for the effects of a finite correlation length (mesoturbulence). This approach generalizes the standard microturbulent approximation, which is commonly used to model the formation of absorption spectra in turbulent media. The method allows to estimate from an observed spectrum both, the physical parameters of the absorbing gas, and an appropriate structure of the velocity distribution parallel to the line of sight. The procedure is applied to a template H+D Ly-alpha profile which reproduces the Burles and Tytler [BT] spectrum of the quasar Q 1009+2956 with the DI Ly-alpha line seen at the redshift z = 2.504. The results obtained favor a low D/H ratio in this particular absorption system, although the inferred upper limit for the hydrogen isotopic ratio of about 4.6 10^{-5} is slightly higher than that of BT [log (D/H) = -4.60 +/- 0.08 +/- 0.06,i.e. D/H <= 3.47 10^{-5}]. This revision of the BT data in the framework of the mesoturbulent model leads to limits on D/H consistent with standard big bang nucleosynthesis [SBBN] predictions and observational constraints on both extra-galactic 4He mass fraction Y_p (Izotov et al. 1997) and 7Li abundance in the atmospheres of population II (halo) stars (Bonifacio and Molaro 1997). SBBN restricts the common interval of the baryon to photon ratio ηfor which there is concordance between the various abundances to 3.9 10^{-10} <= η<= 5.3 10^{-10}. It implies that 0.014 <= Ω_b h^2 <= 0.020, where h is the Hubble constant in units 100 km/s/Mpc.
description: 10 pages, 9 Postscript figures, a MNRAS submission
title: Europol 3.0: Blackbox oder „viel hilft viel“?: Schwerpunkt JuWissDay 2017
Creators: name: Krämer, Felix
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Europäischer Datenschutzbeauftrager
subject: Europol
subject: Europol-Verordnung
subject: Felix Krämer
subject: Gemeinsame Parlamentarische Kontrolle
subject: JuWissDay 2017
subject: 340

description: Die Forderungen nach einer effektive(re)n (parlamentarischen) Kontrolle Europols bestehen seit Jahrzehnten. Dass die aktuellsten diesbezüglichen Umstrukturierungen einen „Great Leap Forward“ darstellen, wurde schon während der Erarbeitung des am 01. Mai 2017 in Kraft getretenen neuen Rechtsrahmens Europols mit guten Gründen bezweifelt. Doch ist es wirklich so schlecht um die (demokratischen) Kontrollmöglichkeiten der „Blackbox“ Europol bestellt, dass für manche gar immer noch ein Grund zum Fürchten bestehen könnte?
description: JuWissBlog
Transition magnetic moments of $J^P=\frac{3}{2}^+$ decuplet to $J^P=\frac{1}{2}^+$ octet baryons in the chiral constituent quark model
Creators: name: Dahiya, Harleen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In light of the developments of the chiral constituent quark model ($χ$CQM) in studying low energy hadronic matrix elements of the ground-state baryons, we have extended this model to investigate their transition properties. The magnetic moments of transitions from the $J^P=\frac{3}{2}^+$ decuplet to $J^P=\frac{1}{2}^+$ octet baryons have been calculated with explicit valence quark spin, sea quark spin and sea quark orbital angular momentum contributions. Since the experimental data is available for only a few transitions, we have compared our results with the results of other available models. The implications of other complicated effects such as chiral symmetry breaking and SU(3) symmetry breaking arising due to confinement of quarks have also been discussed.
description: 17 pages, 4 tables. To be published in Chinese Physics C
Phanera fabrilis Bandyop., P. P. Ghoshal & M. K. Pathak
Creators: name: Mackinder, Barbara A.
name: Clark, Ruth
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Fabales
Fabaceae
Phanera
Phanera fabrilis

description: Phanera fabrilis (de Wit) Bandyop., P.P. Ghoshal & M.K. Pathak, Bangladesh J. Pl. Taxon. 19(1): 56. 2012.
Phanera riedelii (Baker) de Wit var. fabrilis de Wit, Reinwardtia 3: 464. 1956.
Bauhinia fabrilis (de Wit) K. Larsen & S.S. Larsen, Nordic J. Bot. 11(6): 634. 1991.
DISTRIBUTION. Endemic to Sabah.
description: Published as part of Mackinder, Barbara A. & Clark, Ruth, 2014, A synopsis of the Asian and Australasian genus Phanera Lour. (Cercideae: Caesalpinioideae: Leguminosae) including 19 new combinations, pp. 49-68 in Phytotaxa 166 (1) on page 55, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.166.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/5138206
Colour Dipoles and Saturation
Creators: name: Forshaw, J.
name: Kerley, G. R.
name: Shaw, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ values of the colour dipole cross section extracted from electroproduction and photoproduction data to show that gluon saturation effects are not required by the current HERA data but will become important in the THERA energy region.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures. Talk given by G.S. at DIS 2000(Liverpool, April 2000)
Amplitude modulation in infrared metamaterial absorbers basedon electro‑optically tunable conducting oxides
Creators: name: Lotfi, Erik
name: C. Zografopoulos1, D.
name: Sinatkas2, G.
name: A. Shahada3, L.
name: A. Swillam4, M.
name: E. Kriezis1, E.
name: Beccherelli, R.
Publisher: name: American University of Bahrain
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 51
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A class of electro-optically tunable metamaterial absorbers is designed and theoretically investigated in the infrared regimetowards realizing free-space amplitude modulators. The spacer between a subwavelength metallic stripe grating and a backmetal reflector is occupied by a bilayer of indium tin oxide (ITO) and hafnium oxide ( HfO2 ). The application of a bias voltageacross the bilayer induces free-carrier accumulation at the HfO2/ITO interface that locally modulates the ITO permittivityand drastically modifies the optical response of the absorber owing to the induced epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) effect. The carrierdistribution and dynamics are solved via the drift–diffusion model, which is coupled with optical wave propagation studiesin a common finite-element method platform. Optimized structures are derived that enable the amplitude modulation of thereflected wave with moderate insertion losses, theoretically infinite extinction ratio, sub-picosecond switching times andlow operating voltages.
Screening of Fractional Charges in (2+1)-dimensional QED
Creators: name: Diakonov, D.
name: Zarembo, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the logarithmically rising static potential between opposite-charged sources in two dimensions is screened by dynamical fields even if the probe charges are fractional, in units of the charge of the dynamical fields. The effect is due to quantum mechanics: the wave functions of the screening charges are superpositions of two bumps localized both near the opposite- and the same-charge sources, so that each of them gets exactly screened.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures, Latex, typo corrected and reference added
Vapour-liquid critical parameters of a $2$:$1$ primitive model of ionic fluids confined in disordered porous media
Creators: name: Patsahan, Oksana
name: Patsahan, Taras
name: Holovko, Myroslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the vapour-liquid critical parameters of an ionic fluid confined in a disordered porous medium by using the theory which combines the collective variables approach with an extension of the scaled particle theory. The ionic fluid is described as a two-component charge- and size-asymmetric primitive model, and a porous medium is modelled as a disordered matrix formed by hard-spheres obstacles. In the particular case of the fixed valencies $2$:$1$, the coexistence curves and the corresponding critical parameters are calculated for different matrix porosities as well as for different diameters of matrix and fluid particles. The obtained results show that the general trends of the reduced critical temperature and the reduced critical density with the microscopic characteristics are similar to the trends obtained in the monovalent case. At the same time, it is noticed that an ion charge asymmetry significantly weakens the effect of the matrix presence.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures
$R_{D^{(\ast)}}$, $R_{K^{(\ast)}}$ and neutrino mass in the 2HDM-III with right-handed neutrinos
Creators: name: Li, Shao-Ping
name: Li, Xin-Qiang
name: Yang, Ya-Dong
name: Zhang, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given that the two-Higgs-doublet model of type III (2HDM-III) has the potential to address the $R_{D^{(\ast)}}$ anomalies while the resolution to the $R_{K^{(\ast)}}$ deficits requires new degrees of freedom within this framework, we consider in this paper a unified scenario where the low-scale type-I seesaw mechanism is embedded into the 2HDM-III, so as to accommodate the $R_{D^{(\ast)}}$ and $R_{K^{(\ast)}}$ anomalies as well as the neutrino mass. We first revisit the $R_{D^{(\ast)}}$ anomalies and find that the current world-averaged results can be addressed at $2σ$ level without violating the bound from the branching ratio $\mathcal{B}(B_c^-\rightarrow τ^- \barν)\leqslant 30\%$. The scenario predicts two sub-eV neutrino masses based on a decoupled heavy Majorana neutrino and two nearly degenerate Majorana neutrinos with mass around the electroweak scale. For the $R_{K^{(\ast)}}$ anomalies, the same scenario can generate the required Wilson coefficients in the direction $ C_{9 μ}^{\rm NP}=-C_{10 μ}^{\rm NP}<0$, with $\mathcal{O}(1)$ Yukawa couplings for the muon and the top quark.
description: 32 pages, 4 figures; More discussions and references added, final version to be published in JHEP
Концепция создания интегрированных формирований в опорных зонах развития Арктики РФ
Creators: name: Дубовик И.К.
name: Лайшев К.А.
name: Ткаченко В.А.
Publisher: name: Известия Санкт-Петербургского государственного аграрного университета
Year: 2018
Subjects: АРКТИКА
ARCTIC
ОПОРНЫЕ ЗОНЫ
ИНТЕГРИРОВАННЫЕ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ
INTEGRATED FORMATIONS
ОЛЕНЕВОДСТВО
REINDEER HERDING
SUPPORTING ZONES

description: Современное освоение российской Арктики основано на концепции «опорных зон развития», которые планируется формировать в рамках проекта новой Государственной программы Российской Федерации «Социально-экономическое развитие Арктической зоны Российской Федерации до 2020 года и дальнейшую перспективу». Для комплексного решения проблем продовольственного обеспечения коллективов, осуществляющих функционирование опорных зон развития, и проблем коренных малочисленных народов Севера в состав их инфраструктуры включаются интегрированные формирования по развитию коренных малочисленных народов Севера и традиционного природопользования. Механизм реализации концепции создаваемого формирования предусматривает конкретную программу с указанием векторов целей и целевых функций всех исполнителей программы, отражающих способность достижения намеченных целей; базируется на прогнозировании и планировании и должен предусматривать оценку степени достижения заданных целей, измеряемых количественно и качественно, с возможными пределами их отклонений. Финансовые расчеты осуществляются через единый «кредитно-расчетный центр» интегрированного формирования, действующий от имени участников интегрированного формирования. Полномочия центра оформляются в установленном законодательством порядке на основании поручений (доверенностей) участников интегрированного формирования. Создание интегрированных формирований позволит комплексно решать проблемы продовольственного обеспечения коллективов, обеспечивающих функционирование опорных зон развития российской Арктики; научного, информационного, юридического и материальнотехнического обеспечения развития оленеводства, промыслового хозяйства и использования природных продовольственных ресурсов. В конечном итоге это будет способствовать не только решению региональных проблем продовольственного обеспечения, но и созданию благоприятных условий для жизни коренных малочисленных народов Севера, эффективному развитию традиционного природопользования и успешному решению общих задач опорных зон.
The cosmic merger rate of neutron stars and black holes
Creators: name: Mapelli, Michela
name: Giacobbo, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Six gravitational wave detections have been reported so far, providing crucial insights on the merger rate of double compact objects. We investigate the cosmic merger rate of double neutron stars (DNSs), neutron star-black hole binaries (NSBHs) and black hole binaries (BHBs) by means of population-synthesis simulations coupled with the Illustris cosmological simulation. We have performed six different simulations, considering different assumptions for the efficiency of common envelope (CE) ejection and exploring two distributions for the supernova (SN) kicks. The current BHB merger rate derived from our simulations spans from $\sim{}150$ to $\sim{}240$ Gpc$^{-3}$ yr$^{-1}$ and is only mildly dependent on CE efficiency. In contrast, the current merger rates of DNSs (ranging from $\sim{}20$ to $\sim{}600$ Gpc$^{-3}$ yr$^{-1}$) and NSBHs (ranging from $\sim{}10$ to $\sim{}100$ Gpc$^{-3}$ yr$^{-1}$) strongly depend on the assumptions on CE and natal kicks. The merger rate of DNSs is consistent with the one inferred from the detection of GW170817 only if a high efficiency of CE ejection and low SN kicks (drawn from a Maxwellian distribution with one dimensional root mean square $σ=15$ km s$^{-1}$) are assumed.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
The light-cone gauge without prescriptions
Creators: name: Suzuki, A. T.
name: Schmidt, A. G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Feynman integrals in the physical light-cone gauge are harder to solve than their covariant counterparts. The difficulty is associated with the presence of unphysical singularities due to the inherent residual gauge freedom in the intermediate boson propagators constrained within this gauge choice. In order to circumvent these non-physical singularities, the headlong approach has always been to call for mathematical devices --- prescriptions --- some successful ones and others not so much so. A more elegant approach is to consider the propagator from its physical point of view, that is, an object obeying basic principles such as causality. Once this fact is realized and carefully taken into account, the crutch of prescriptions can be avoided altogether. An alternative third approach, which for practical computations could dispense with prescriptions as well as prescinding the necessity of careful stepwise watching out of causality would be of great advantage. And this third option is realizable within the context of negative dimensions, or as it has been coined, negative dimensional integration method, NDIM for short.
description: 9 pages, PTPTeX (included)
Hurwitz numbers and integrable hierarchy of Volterra type
Creators: name: Takasaki, Kanehisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14N10, 37K10

description: A generating function of the single Hurwitz numbers of the Riemann sphere $\mathbb{CP}^1$ is a tau function of the lattice KP hierarchy. The associated Lax operator $L$ turns out to be expressed as $L = e^{\mathfrak{L}}$, where $\mathfrak{L}$ is a difference-differential operator of the form $\mathfrak{L} = \partial_s - ve^{-\partial_s}$. $\mathfrak{L}$ satisfies a set of Lax equations that form a continuum version of the Bogoyavlensky-Itoh (aka hungry Lotka-Volterra) hierarchies. Emergence of this underlying integrable structure is further explained in the language of generalized string equations for the Lax and Orlov-Schulman operators of the 2D Toda hierarchy. This leads to logarithmic string equations, which are confirmed with the help of a factorization problem of operators.
description: 12 pages, no figure; (v2) typos in eqs. (14), (15) etc. are corrected; (v3) typos are corrected, final version for publication
Revealing evolutionary constraints on proteins through sequence analysis
Creators: name: Wang, Shou-Wen
name: Bitbol, Anne-Florence
name: Wingreen, Ned S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Statistical analysis of alignments of large numbers of protein sequences has revealed "sectors" of collectively coevolving amino acids in several protein families. Here, we show that selection acting on any functional property of a protein, represented by an additive trait, can give rise to such a sector. As an illustration of a selected trait, we consider the elastic energy of an important conformational change within an elastic network model, and we show that selection acting on this energy leads to correlations among residues. For this concrete example and more generally, we demonstrate that the main signature of functional sectors lies in the small-eigenvalue modes of the covariance matrix of the selected sequences. However, secondary signatures of these functional sectors also exist in the extensively-studied large-eigenvalue modes. Our simple, general model leads us to propose a principled method to identify functional sectors, along with the magnitudes of mutational effects, from sequence data. We further demonstrate the robustness of these functional sectors to various forms of selection, and the robustness of our approach to the identification of multiple selected traits.
description: 37 pages, 28 figures
Constraints on Cosmological Models from Hubble Space Telescope Observations of High-z Supernovae
Creators: name: Garnavich, P. M.
name: Kirshner, R. P.
name: Challis, P.
name: Tonry, J.
name: Gilliland, R. L.
name: Smith, R. C.
name: Clocchiatti, A.
name: Diercks, A.
name: Filippenko, A. V.
name: Hamuy, M.
name: Hogan, C. J.
name: Leibundgut, B.
name: Phillips, M. M.
name: Reiss, D.
name: Riess, A. G.
name: Schmidt, B. P.
name: Spyromilio, J.
name: Stubbs, C.
name: Suntzeff, N. B.
name: Wells, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have coordinated Hubble Space Telescope photometry with ground-based discovery for three supernovae: two SN Ia near z~0.5 (SN 1997ce, SN 1997cj) and a third event at z=0.97 (SN 1997ck). The superb spatial resolution of HST separates each supernova from its host galaxy and leads to good precision in the light curves. The HST data combined with ground-based photometry provide good temporal coverage. We use these light curves and relations between luminosity, light curve shape, and color calibrated from low-z samples to derive relative luminosity distances which are accurate to 10% at z~0.5 and 20% at z=1. The redshift-distance relation is used to place constraints on the global mean matter density, Omega_matter, and the normalized cosmological constant, Omega_Lambda. When the HST sample is combined with the distance to SN 1995K (z=0.48), analyzed by the same precepts, it suggests that matter alone is insufficient to produce a flat Universe. Specifically, for Omega_matter+Omega_Lambda=1, Omega_matter is less than 1 with >95% confidence, and our best estimate of Omega_matter is -0.1 +/- 0.5 if Omega_Lambda=0. Although the present result is based on a very small sample whose systematics remain to be explored, it demonstrates the power of HST measurements for high redshift supernovae.
description: Submitted to ApJ Letters, 3 figures, 1 plate, additional table
Triple Electroweak Gauge-Boson Production at Fermilab Tevatron Energies
Creators: name: Han, Tao
name: Sobey, Ron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the three gauge-boson production in the Standard Model at Fermilab Tevatron energies. At $\sqrt s=2$ TeV in $p\bar p$ collisions, the cross sections for the triple gauge-boson production are typically of order 10 femtobarns (fb). For the pure leptonic final states from the gauge-boson decays and with some minimal cuts on final state photons, the cross sections for $p \bar p \rightarrow W^\pm γγ, Zγγ$ and $W^+W^- γ$ processes are of order a few fb, resulting in a few dozen clean leptonic events for an integrated luminosity of 10 fb$^{-1}$. The pure leptonic modes from other gauge-boson channels give significantly smaller rate. Especially, the trilepton modes from $W^+W^-W^\pm$ and $t \bar t W^\pm \rightarrow W^+W^-W^\pm$ yield a cross section of order 0.1 fb if there is no significant Higgs boson contribution. For a Higgs boson with $m_H^{} \simeq 2M_Z^{}$, the triple massive-gauge-boson production rate could be enhanced by a factor of $4-6$.
description: RevTeX 3.0; 14 pages plus 7 figures; ps files available via anonymous ftp at ftp://ucdhep.ucdavis.edu/han/vvv/vvv.ps,fig*_vvv.ps
Hamiltonian Approach to Poisson Lie T-Duality
Creators: name: Stern, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hamiltonian formalism offers a natural framework for discussing the notion of Poisson Lie T-duality. This is because the duality is inherent in the Poisson structures alone and exists regardless of the choice of Hamiltonian. Thus one can pose alternative dynamical systems possessing nonabelian T-duality. As an example, we find a dual Hamiltonian formulation of the O(3) nonlinear sigma-model. In addition, starting from a general quadratic Hamiltonian, we easily recover the known dynamical systems having Poisson Lie T-duality.
description: 12 pages
Production and propagation of cosmic-ray positrons and electrons
Creators: name: Moskalenko, I. V.
name: Strong, A. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have made a new calculation of the cosmic-ray secondary positron spectrum using a diffusive halo model for Galactic cosmic-ray propagation. The code computes self-consistently the spectra of primary and secondary nucleons, primary electrons, and secondary positrons and electrons. The models are first adjusted to agree with the observed cosmic-ray Boron/Carbon ratio, and the interstellar proton and Helium spectra are then computed; these spectra are used to obtain the source function for the secondary positrons/electrons which are finally propagated with the same model parameters. The primary electron spectrum is evaluated, again using the same model. Fragmentation and energy losses are computed using realistic distributions for the interstellar gas and radiation fields, and diffusive reacceleration is also incorporated. Our study includes a critical re-evaluation of the secondary decay calculation for positrons. The predicted positron fraction is in good agreement with the measurements up to 10 GeV, beyond which the observed flux is higher than that calculated. Since the positron fraction is now accurately measured in the 1-10 GeV range our primary electron spectrum should be a good estimate of the true interstellar spectrum in this range, of interest for gamma ray and solar modulation studies. We further show that a harder interstellar nucleon spectrum, similar to that suggested to explain EGRET diffuse Galactic gamma ray observations above 1 GeV, can reproduce the positron observations above 10 GeV without requiring a primary positron component.
description: 25 pages including 8 figures and 1 table, latex, aaspp4.sty. To be published in ApJ 1998, v.493 (February 1 issue). Details can be found at http://www.gamma.mpe-garching.mpg.de/~aws/aws.html
Hierarchical Majoranas in a Programmable Nanowire Network
Creators: name: Yang, Zhi-Cheng
name: Iadecola, Thomas
name: Chamon, Claudio
name: Mudry, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a hierarchical architecture for building "logical" Majorana zero modes using "physical" Majorana zero modes at the Y-junctions of a hexagonal network of semiconductor nanowires. Each Y-junction contains three "physical" Majoranas, which hybridize when placed in close proximity, yielding a single effective Majorana mode near zero energy. The hybridization of effective Majorana modes on neighboring Y-junctions is controlled by applied gate voltages on the links of the honeycomb network. This gives rise to a tunable tight-binding model of effective Majorana modes. We show that selecting the gate voltages that generate a Kekulé vortex pattern in the set of hybridization amplitudes yields an emergent "logical" Majorana zero mode bound to the vortex core. The position of a logical Majorana can be tuned adiabatically, \textit{without} moving any of the "physical" Majoranas or closing any energy gaps, by programming the values of the gate voltages to change as functions of time. A nanowire network supporting multiple such "logical" Majorana zero modes provides a physical platform for performing adiabatic non-Abelian braiding operations in a fully controllable manner.
description: slightly revised version. 17 pages, 8 figures
Higher twists and maxima for DIS on nuclei in high density QCD region
Creators: name: Gotsman, E.
name: Levin, E.
name: Maor, U.
name: McLerran, L.
name: Tuchin, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the ratio of different structure functions have a maximum which depends on $x_B$ and $A$. We argue that these maxima are proportional to the saturation scale. The analysis of leading and higher twist contributions for different observables is given with the aim of determining the kinematic region where high parton density effects could be seen experimentally.
description: 16 pages of Latex file,8 figures in eps files
The quest for down scale representativeness: how to exploit CFD to design a shear study for vaccines
Creators: name: Albano, Andrea
name: Colomba, Silvio
name: Palmese, Angelo
name: Salvadori, Jessica
name: Mencuccini, Lorenzo
name: Moriconi, Alessio
name: Bellato, Federica
name: Malzone, Carmine
name: Berti, Stefania
name: Paludi, Marilena
name: Valoti, Caterina
name: Panariello, Giuseppe
name: Cozzolino, Nicola
name: Pergola, Carlo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: In this work, we exploit computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to evaluate stirred tank reactor (STR) process engineer parameters (PEP) and design a scale-down system (SDS) to be representative of the formulation and filling process steps for an Aluminum adjuvanted vaccine drug product (DP). To study the shear history in the SDS we used the concept of number of passages, combined with an appropriate stirring speed down scale strategy comprising of either (i) tip speed equivalence, widely used as a scale-up criterion for a shear-sensitive product, or (ii) rotating shear, a shear metric introduced by Metz and Otto in 1957 but never used as scaling criterion. The outcome of the CFD simulations shows that the tip equivalence generates a worst-case SDS in terms of shear, whereas the rotating shear scaling approach could be used to design a more representative SDS. We monitored the trend over time for “In Vitro Relative Potency” as DP Critical Quality Attribute for both scaling approaches, which highlighted the crucial role of choosing the appropriate scaling-down approach to be representative of the manufacturing scale during process characterization studies.
Accretion of Dissipative Dark Matter onto Active Galactic Nuclei
Creators: name: Outmezguine, Nadav Joseph
name: Slone, Oren
name: Tangarife, Walter
name: Ubaldi, Lorenzo
name: Volansky, Tomer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the possibility that accretion of Dissipative Dark Matter (DDM) onto Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) contributes to the growth rate of Super Massive Black Holes (SMBHs). Such a scenario could alleviate tension associated with anomalously large SMBHs measured at very early cosmic times, as well as observations that indicate that the growth of the most massive SMBHs occurs before $z\sim6$, with little growth at later times. These observations are not readily explained within standard AGN theory. We find a range in the parameter space of DDM models where we both expect efficient accretion to occur and which is consistent with observations of a large sample of measured SMBHs. When DDM accretion is included, the predicted evolution of this sample seems to be more consistent with assumptions regarding maximal BH seed masses and maximal AGN luminosities.
description: Typos and affiliations corrected