cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Weyl group of the Cuntz algebra
Creators: name: Conti, Roberto
name: Hong, Jeong Hee
name: Szymanski, Wojciech
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L40, 46L55 (Primary) 37B10 (Secondary)

description: The Weyl group of the Cuntz algebra O_n, with n finite, is investigated. This is (isomorphic to) the group of polynomial automorphisms of O_n, namely those induced by unitaries that can be written as finite sums of words in the canonical generating isometries and their adjoints. A necessary and sufficient algorithmic combinatorial condition is found for deciding when a polynomial endomorphism restricts to an automorphism of the canonical diagonal MASA. Some steps towards a general criterion for invertibility of such endomorphisms on the whole of O_n are also taken. A condition for verifying invertibility of a certain subclass of polynomial endomorphisms is given. First examples of polynomial automorphisms of O_n not inner related to permutative ones are exhibited, for every n. In particular, the image of the Weyl group in the outer automorphism group of O_n is strictly larger than the image of the reduced Weyl group analyzed in previous papers. Results about the action of the Weyl group on the spectrum of the diagonal are also included.
description: Final version, only few changes
Untersuchung des oberen zervikalen Rückenmarks bei Patienten mit Amyotropher Lateralsklerose : eine 3T MRT Studie
Creators: name: Wimmer, Thomas Michael
Publisher: name: Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Myatrophische Lateralsklerose
subject: Rückenmark
subject: Kernspintomografie
subject: 616.839

description: In dieser Dissertation wurde die zervikale Rückenmarksquerschnittsfläche anhand von kranialen 3T MRT Bildern auf der Höhe der Halswirbelkörper C1-C3 in einer Kohorte von 158 ALS Patienten und 84 gesunden Kontrollen vermessen. Bei 103 ALS Patienten wurden nach einem medianen Abstand von 5,5 Monaten und bei 26 Probanden nach einem medianen Abstand von 6,5 Monaten eine zweite MRT Aufnahme durchgeführt und der zervikale Rückenmarksquerschnitt erneut vermessen. Die ALS Gruppe zeigte im Vergleich zu den Kontrollen eine Atrophie des Rückenmarks, welche über die Zeit zunahm und am stärksten in den kaudaleren Rückenmarks-Segmenten ausgeprägt war. Die Rückenmarksatrophie war in der ALS Gruppe mit einem spinalen Krankheitsbeginn stärker ausgeprägt als in der Gruppe mit einem bulbären Beginn; weitere signifikante Unterschiede der Rückenmarksquerschnittsfläche zwischen verschiedenen ALS Phänotypen und Subgruppen konnten jedoch nicht gezeigt werden. Die Rückenmarksquerschnittsfläche korrelierte mit dem ALSFRS-R, der Krankheitsdauer, dem Alter, der Dicke des Gyrus präzentralis sowie dem Gesamtvolumen der grauen Hirnsubstanz. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die in-vivo MRT basierte Vermessung des oberen zervikalen Rückenmarks bei ALS zukünftig als quantitativer Biomarker eine Rolle spielen könnte, auch um den Krankheitsverlauf zu evaluieren.
Probable Entropic Nature of Gravity in Ultraviolet and Infrared Limits, Part I. An Ultraviolet Case
Creators: name: Shalyt-Margolin, A. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work presents a study of the possibility for extending the well-known results of E.Verlinde concerning the entropic nature of gravity to the ultraviolet region (Planck's energies) and also the derivation of quantum corrections to Einstein Equations
description: 20 pages, Latex, v.3, some important corrections
Hypertrophieinduktion des linken Leberlappens nach rechtshepatischer Yttrium-90-Radioembolisation im Vergleich zur Pfortaderembolisation
Creators: name: Damm, Romy
Publisher: name: Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Leberkrebs
subject: Strahlentherapie
subject: 616.9940642

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit beinhaltet die Evaluation der Hypertrophieinduktion des linken Leberlappens nach zwei verschiedenen Embolisationsverfahren im rechten Leberlappen: der Pfortaderembolisation und der transarteriellen Yttrium-90-Radioembolisation. Zur Überprüfung erfolgte eine Matched-Pair-Analyse von einem Patientenkollektiv nach Yttrium-90-Radioembolisation von rechtshepatischen Lebermalignomen mit Patienten nach präoperativer Pfortaderembolisation. Bei 26 vollständigen Paaren konnte nach Yttrium-90- Radioembolisation ein Volumenzuwachs des linken Leberlappens gezeigt werden, welcher jedoch geringer ausfällt als nach Pfortaderembolisation.
Micro-computed tomography analysis of post space preparation in teeth obturated with carrier-based thermoplasticized gutta percha techniques
Creators: name: Schroeder, Agmar Anthony
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Many dentists use the obturation technique of carrier-based thermoplasticized gutta percha. Placement of a post may be indicated for teeth in which there has been extensive loss of coronal tooth structure. This study aimed to determine if post space preparation deviated from the endodontic preparation in teeth obturated with the Thermafil, GuttaCore, or gutta percha material. Forty-two extracted human permanent maxillary lateral incisors were decoronated and their root canals instrumented with nickel-titanium rotary files using a standardized protocol. Samples were divided into three groups and filled with Thermafil, GuttaCore, or gutta percha, before post space preparation was performed. Teeth were scanned using micro-computed tomography after obturation, and again after post space preparation. Scans were examined for post space deviation, volume and linear deviation of post space preparation, and minimum root thickness before and after post space preparation. Data were analyzed with parametric and non-parametric statistical methods. Deviation occurred in eight teeth; seven from the Thermafil group (50%), one from the GuttaCore group (7%), and none from the gutta percha group. Deviation occurred statistically more often in the Thermafil group than in each of the other two groups (p < 0.05). The volume difference before and after post space preparation was statistically greater in the Thermafil group than in each of the other two groups (p < 0.05). Linear deviation of post space preparation was greater in the Thermafil group than in both of the other groups, and was statistically greater than that of the gutta percha group (p < 0.05). The minimum root thickness before post space preparation was significantly greater than it was after post space preparation for all groups (p < 0.01). There was no difference between the groups with respect to the difference in minimum root thickness before and after post space preparation. The differences in the number of samples showing post space deviation, volume, and linear deviation of post space preparation amongst the Thermafil, GuttaCore, and gutta percha groups were due to the presence or absence of a carrier as well as the different carrier materials.
Poincaré and logarithmic Sobolev inequalities by decomposition of the energy landscape
Creators: name: Menz, Georg
name: Schlichting, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a diffusion on a potential landscape which is given by a smooth Hamiltonian $H:\mathbb {R}^n\to \mathbb {R}$ in the regime of low temperature $\varepsilon$. We proof the Eyring-Kramers formula for the optimal constant in the Poincaré (PI) and logarithmic Sobolev inequality (LSI) for the associated generator $L=\varepsilon Δ-\nabla H\cdot\nabla$ of the diffusion. The proof is based on a refinement of the two-scale approach introduced by Grunewald et al. [Ann. Inst. Henri Poincaré Probab. Stat. 45 (2009) 302-351] and of the mean-difference estimate introduced by Chafaï and Malrieu [Ann. Inst. Henri Poincaré Probab. Stat. 46 (2010) 72-96]. The Eyring-Kramers formula follows as a simple corollary from two main ingredients: The first one shows that the PI and LSI constant of the diffusion restricted to metastable regions corresponding to the local minima scales well in $\varepsilon$. This mimics the fast convergence of the diffusion to metastable states. The second ingredient is the estimation of a mean-difference by a weighted transport distance. It contains the main contribution to the PI and LSI constant, resulting from exponentially long waiting times of jumps between metastable states of the diffusion.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/14-AOP908 the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Die Expression von CEACAM 1 in cerebralen Arteriovenösen Malformationen und ihre potentielle Bedeutung für eine Blutung : Eine klinische und immunhistochemische Studie
Creators: name: Herz, Angelika
Publisher: name: Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Gefäßmissbildung
subject: Hirnblutung
subject: Immunsystem
subject: 616.81

description: Arteriovenöse Malformationen des Gehirns sind eine häufige Ursache cerebraler Blutungen bei jungen Erwachsenen. In einem multifaktoriellen Geschehen scheinen auch inflammatorische Prozesse eine Rolle zu spielen. Die vorliegende Arbeit beleuchtet das Vorkommen und die potentielle Bedeutung des Carcinoembryonic-antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1), einem zentralen Signalmolekül der zellulären Immunmodulation in Arteriovenösen Malformationen (AVMs). Zu diesem Zweck wurde die CEACAM1-Expression in Paraffin eingebetteten AVM-Gewebeschnitten von 58 Patienten untersucht, die zwischen 1995 und 2014 in der Neurochirurgischen Klinik des Nordstadt Krankenhauses in Hannover operiert wurden. CEACAM1 konnte dabei erstmals auf Neutrophilen Granulozyten festgestellt werden, die in das AVM-Parenchym eingewandert waren (parenchymale Immuninfiltration) oder dem Endothel benachbarter Gefäße anhafteten (endovasale Immunadhäsion). Gleichsam fand sich auch eine CEACAM1-Expression der AVM-Endothelzellen selbst. Das Ausmaß der CEACAM1-positiven parenchymalen Immuninfiltration und endovasalen Adhäsion unterschied sich dabei abhängig vom klinischen (Blutung / keine Blutung) und dem zeitlichen Verlauf (Operationszeitpunkt im Verhältnis zum Blutungsereignis). Die Subgruppenanalyse ergab jedoch deutliche geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede im Hinblick auf das Abklingen der inflammatorischen Reaktionen nach stattgehabter Blutung. Bemerkenswerterweise wies die CEACAM1-Endothelexpression insbesondere bei Frauen eine signifikante Altersabhängigkeit auf. Mit dem Wissen um die stabilisierenden Fähigkeiten von CEACAM1 auf die Bluthirnschranke und einen offensichtlichen CEACAM1-Verlust des Endothels in der mittleren Altersdekade, könnte dieser Aspekt das gehäufte Auftreten einer AVM-Blutung in der mittelalten Population in Teilen erklären. Die vorliegenden Ergebnisse stützen somit die Relevanz inflammatorischer Prozesse in der Pathophysiologie cerebraler AVMs. Wohlwissend sind unsere Aussagen aufgrund des Studiendesigns und der Gruppengröße aber limitiert.
3-Jahres-Ergebnisse nach primärer Sleeve-Gastrektomie : Daten der Qualitätssicherungsstudie für operative Therapie der Adipositas 2005-2016
Creators: name: Petersen, Manuel
Publisher: name: Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sleeve-Resektion
subject: Fettsucht
subject: 617.553

description: Im Falle einer erfolglosen konservativen Therapie der Adipositas stehen verschiedene bariatrische Eingriffe zur Verfügung. Hiervon hat sich die Sleeve-Gastrektomie (SG) als häufigstes OP-Verfahren weltweit etabliert. Mithilfe der Qualitätssicherungsstudie zur operativen Therapie der Adipositas (01.01.2005 bis 31.12.2016) wurden Langzeitdaten des German Bariatric Surgery Registry (GBSR) zum Gewicht, BMI, EWL und zu den intraoperativen, allgemeinen und spezifischen postoperativen Komplikationen analysiert und die Auswirkungen auf die Adipositas assoziierten Komorbiditäten untersucht. Am Ende des dreijährigen Nachbeobachtungszeitraums konnte festgestellt werden, dass die SG zu einer signifikanten Reduktion des Gewichts um 45,03 ± 22,10 kg, des BMI um 15,28 ± 7,20 kg/m2 und einem signifikanten EWL von 61,28 % ± 24,86 % führte. Häufige und schwerwiegende Adipositas assoziierte Komorbiditäten können durch die SG signifikant verbessert oder geheilt werden. Der arterielle Hypertonus wurde von 66,12 % um 28,99 %, der Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 von 35,13 % um 22,22 % und das OSAS von 27,67 % um 12,7 % reduziert. Das Risiko an einer de-novo GERD zu erkranken war mit 19,23 % signifikant erhöht. Es ist festzustellen, dass die SG eine effektive und risikoarme bariatrische Operation mit niedriger Morbidität und Mortalität ist, die bei einem perioperativ risikobehafteten Patientenkollektiv sicher durchführbar ist. Die vorliegenden Ergebnisse ermöglichen eine kritische Evaluierung der Therapieoptionen für eine individuelle und dezidierte Therapieentscheidung.
A General Approach to Casimir Force Problems Based on Local Reflection Amplitudes and Huygen's Principle
Creators: name: Markle, C. D.
name: Cowsik, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we describe an approach to Casimir Force problems that is ultimately generalizable to all fields, boundary conditions, and cavity geometries. This approach utilizes locally defined reflection amplitudes to express the energy per unit area of any Casimir interaction. To demonstrate this approach we solve a number of Casimir Force problems including the case of uniaxial boundary conditions in a parallel-plate cavity.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, Equation 18 has been corrected, [v1] contained a typo
Ist die Anlage einer Darmanastomose bei Resektion eines Kolonkarzinoms ein signifikanter Einflussfaktor auf das Langzeitüberleben?
Creators: name: Hajduk, Ellen
Publisher: name: Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Colonkrebs
subject: Operationstechnik
subject: 617.5547

description: Ziel: Untersuchung des Einflusses der Operations-Technik bezüglich möglicher bzw. erfolgter Anlage einer Darmanastomose und Op-Dringlichkeit im Vergleich von planbarer und Notfall-Op auf das frühpostoperative und Langzeit-onkochirurgische Outcome nach operativer Versorgung von Patienten mit einem primären Kolonkarzinoms anhand einer repräsentativen Patientenzahl über einen definierten Zeitraum. Ergebnisse: Die postoperative Letalität war hauptsächlich auf die allgemeine Komplikationsrate zurückzuführen. Diese spielt auch für das Langzeit-onkochirurgische Outcome eine bedeutsame Rolle in Bezug auf das Gesamtüberleben. Als wichtigste Einflussfaktoren auf das Langzeitüberleben wurden außerdem Alter und Tumorstadium (nach TNM bzw. UICC) sowie der Resektionsstatus ermittelt. Die Kaplan-Meier-Kurven für die Operationstechnik und Dringlichkeit zeigten in der matched-pair-Analyse signifikante Unterschiede in der Überlebenszeit zwischen Patienten mit gleichem Tumorstadium, Alter und Risikofaktoren, aber unterschiedlicher Operationstechnik. Interessanterweise ergab die multivariate Analyse, dass ältere Patienten und Patienten mit Fernmetastasierung jedoch mit einer Anus-praeter-Anlage ein besseres Outcome zeigten. Schlussfolgerung: Die Ergebnisse belegen Literaturangaben zum signifikanten Zusammenhang zwischen operativen Komplikationen und Letalität, sowie Vorerkrankungen und Komplikationsrate als auch, dass ältere Patienten in einem reduzierten Allgemeinzustand eher von einer Diskontinuitätsresektion profitieren wie auch Patienten mit Fernmetastasen.
Physische und psychische Belastungen und Beanspruchungen von Musikpädagogen in verschiedenen Altersgruppen
Creators: name: Kirsch, Marieke
Publisher: name: Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Arbeitsbelastung
subject: Musiklehrerin
subject: Musiklehrer
subject: 616.9803

description: Der Beruf des Musikpädagogen stellt eine Kombination der Berufe des Musikers und des Lehrers an allgemeinbildenden Schulen dar. Die Zielstellung der vorliegenden Arbeit war, die erfassten physischen und psychischen Belastungen und Beanspruchungen von Musikpädagogen altersbezogen zu analysieren. Hierzu wurde ein Online-Fragebogen an die Musikschulverbände in ganz Deutschland versandt. Insgesamt nahmen 205 Probanden (davon 33,7 % männlich und 66,3 % weiblich) an der Befragung teil. 12,8 % befanden sich in der Altersgruppe „bis 35 Jahre“, 15,8 % waren „36-45 Jahre“ alt und 71,4 % waren „46 Jahre und älter“. Als Hauptbelastungsfaktoren zeigten sich Lärmbelastung, unzureichende räumliche Voraussetzungen, Probleme in der Interaktion insbesondere mit der Schulleitung sowie Belastungen des Muskel- und Skelettsystems durch Zwangshaltungen. Hieraus ergaben sich gehäufte Beanspruchungen. Außerdem Lärmempfindlichkeit und muskuloskelettale Beschwerden als physische Beanspruchungen sowie verschiedene psychische Beschwerden bis hin zum Burnout-Syndrom. Signifikante Unterschiede in der Beschwerdehäufigkeit hatten sich zwischen den Altersgruppen allerdings nicht ergeben. Auffällig war aber, dass trotz der Häufigkeit von tätigkeitsbezogenen körperlichen und psychischen Beschwerden, eine arbeitsmedizinische Vorsorge an den Musikschulen nicht flächendeckend durchgeführt wurde. Auch eine persönliche Schutzausrüstung wurde nur selten genutzt, obwohl die Lärmbelastung, ermittelt in Lärmmessungen, dies notwendig machen würde.
Analytical and numerical studies of Riemann problems for a multiphase mixture model
Creators: name: Yaghi, Hazem
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Diﬀuse interface multiphase mixture model
subject: Riemann problems
subject: 518.64

description: In this thesis, we study submodels of a diﬀuse interface multiphase mixture model which was proposed by Dreyer, Giesselmann, and Kraus in [24]. This model is a type of phase ﬁeld model which describe the chemically reacting viscous ﬂuid mixtures consisting of N constituents that may develop a transition between a liquid and a vapor phases. The submodel has N partial mass balance equations, a balance equation of the momentum, and a transport equation of the phase ﬁeld variable. The phase variable indicates the present phase. The model is supplied with a complicated equation of state. We will consider one space dimension and assume an isothermal ﬂow. We consider the homogeneous part of this model which is a hyperbolic system of partial diﬀerential equations for two phase mixture ﬂow with N components. The main aim of this work is to study the sub-model analytically and numerically. The analytical study reveals that this model is strictly hyperbolic. We presented the analytical structure and the mathematical properties of the sub-model such as the eigenstructure and the wave types of the solutions. We also obtain the exact solution of Riemann initial value problem for the pure phases ﬂow, i.e. N = 1 as well as for the multicomponent ﬂow, i.e. N > 1. Any discretization of the full model in [24] has to contain a correct and stable implementation of the homogeneous part. Therefore, it is justiﬁed to deal with the problem of numerics for the submodel separately. This is what we do. In the numerical study, we ﬁrst consider a vapor-vapor ﬂow. We solve the model using diﬀerent Riemann solvers and present the results. We compare the numerical solution with the exact results obtained in the analytical study. Further, we consider vapor-liquid ﬂows. In this case, major diﬃculties appear such as negative pressures, i.e. unphysical results. We overcome these diﬃculties using a tracking the interface approach. But actually, these methods are generally not easy to implement. So we also consider discontinuity capturing methods. For these, we also develop a new strategy to deal with this situation. The new approach is called estimating the pressure approach. We applied the new method to several test cases. This gave an undeniable improvement but still leaves some open problems for future research. Finally, in this work, we include the source term in the sub-model, and we discuss the ability of this model to deal with chemical reactions.
Vertex elimination orderings for hereditary graph classes
Creators: name: Aboulker, Pierre
name: Charbit, Pierre
name: Trotignon, Nicolas
name: Vuskovic, Kristina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C75

description: We provide a general method to prove the existence and compute efficiently elimination orderings in graphs. Our method relies on several tools that were known before, but that were not put together so far: the algorithm LexBFS due to Rose, Tarjan and Lueker, one of its properties discovered by Berry and Bordat, and a local decomposition property of graphs discovered by Maffray, Trotignon and Vu\vsković. We use this method to prove the existence of elimination orderings in several classes of graphs, and to compute them in linear time. Some of the classes have already been studied, namely even-hole-free graphs, square-theta-free Berge graphs, universally signable graphs and wheel-free graphs. Some other classes are new. It turns out that all the classes that we study in this paper can be defined by excluding some of the so-called Truemper configurations. For several classes of graphs, we obtain directly bounds on the chromatic number, or fast algorithms for the maximum clique problem or the coloring problem.
Robust Image Analysis by L1-Norm Semi-supervised Learning
Creators: name: Lu, Zhiwu
name: Peng, Yuxin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a novel L1-norm semi-supervised learning algorithm for robust image analysis by giving new L1-norm formulation of Laplacian regularization which is the key step of graph-based semi-supervised learning. Since our L1-norm Laplacian regularization is defined directly over the eigenvectors of the normalized Laplacian matrix, we successfully formulate semi-supervised learning as an L1-norm linear reconstruction problem which can be effectively solved with sparse coding. By working with only a small subset of eigenvectors, we further develop a fast sparse coding algorithm for our L1-norm semi-supervised learning. Due to the sparsity induced by sparse coding, the proposed algorithm can deal with the noise in the data to some extent and thus has important applications to robust image analysis, such as noise-robust image classification and noise reduction for visual and textual bag-of-words (BOW) models. In particular, this paper is the first attempt to obtain robust image representation by sparse co-refinement of visual and textual BOW models. The experimental results have shown the promising performance of the proposed algorithm.
description: This is an extension of our long paper in ACM MM 2012
A quantum walk with a delocalized initial state: contribution from a coin-flip operator
Creators: name: Machida, Takuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A unit evolution step of discrete-time quantum walks is determined by both a coin-flip operator and a position-shift operator. The behavior of quantum walkers after many steps delicately depends on the coin-flip operator and an initial condition of the walk. To get the behavior, a lot of long-time limit distributions for the quantum walks starting with a localized initial state have been derived. In the present paper, we compute limit distributions of a 2-state quantum walk with a delocalized initial state, not a localized initial state, and discuss how the walker depends on the coin-flip operator. The initial state induced from the Fourier series expansion, which is called the $(α,β)$ delocalized initial state in this paper, provides different limit density functions from the ones of the quantum walk with a localized initial state.
description: International Journal of Quantum Information, Vol.11, No.5, 1350053 (2013)
Narrating changing foodways : wild edible plant knowledge and traditional food systems in Mapuche lands of the Andean temperate forests, Chile
Creators: name: Barreau Daly, Antonia
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Despite increases in food production worldwide, we face a global food crisis. Yet, the literature on food vulnerability tends to emphasize cultivated foods, overlooking the importance of wild edible plants. This work explores the state of ethnobotanical knowledge on wild edible plants and changing foodways in a Mapuche community residing in the Andean temperate forests, Chile. This research contributes to an understanding of the influence of historical and contemporary eco-cultural processes on traditional ecological knowledge and food systems. I used ethnography, complemented with ethnobotanical techniques, weekly food diaries, local market surveys and oral histories. A total of 47 wild edible plants (28% exotic) belonging to 34 families were recorded. While some species were still consumed, many were no longer used. Despite a wealth of knowledge held by adults and elders, new generations were not learning what the elders had once learned. Since the Mapuche pedagogy is oral and in situ, the lack of access to forests and the formal school regime were reported as interrupting the transmission of environmental knowledge and skills. The decreasing consumption of wild edibles was mostly associated with a lack of access to gathering sites due to land grabbing, the scarcity of many species, the absence of children to go gathering and the loss of knowledge as a result of temporary migration. Wild edible plants are part of a wider Mapuche food system which, according to participants, has drastically shifted overtime. These shifts and increasing dependence on industrialized foods were associated with common chronic health conditions and lower life expectations. The decreased use of wild edibles and the changes on traditional foodways are interlinked, and land tenure regimes are a key for understanding current scenarios. While ancestral land claims remain unresolved, protected areas that surround the community may play an important role for local wellbeing by reinforcing knowledge systems and traditional practices related to food procurement and healthcare. Projects aiming to revitalize traditional foods are needed to recover the local food cultures of indigenous peoples for long-term collective health, and the reclamation of food sovereignty as a right.
Some results on more flexible versions of Graph Motif
Creators: name: Rizzi, Romeo
name: Sikora, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The problems studied in this paper originate from Graph Motif, a problem introduced in 2006 in the context of biological networks. Informally speaking, it consists in deciding if a multiset of colors occurs in a connected subgraph of a vertex-colored graph. Due to the high rate of noise in the biological data, more flexible definitions of the problem have been outlined. We present in this paper two inapproximability results for two different optimization variants of Graph Motif: one where the size of the solution is maximized, the other when the number of substitutions of colors to obtain the motif from the solution is minimized. We also study a decision version of Graph Motif where the connectivity constraint is replaced by the well known notion of graph modularity. While the problem remains NP-complete, it allows algorithms in FPT for biologically relevant parameterizations.
The Effect of Online Privacy Information on Purchasing Behavior: An Experimental Study
Creators: name: Tsai, Janice Y
name: Egelman, Serge
name: Cranor, Lorrie
name: Acquisti, Alessandro
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Although online retailers detail their privacy practices in online privacy policies, this information often remains invisible to consumers, who seldom make the effort to read and understand those policies. This paper reports on research undertaken to determine whether a more prominent display of privacy information will cause consumers to incorporate privacy considerations into their online purchasing decisions. We designed an experiment in which a shopping search engine interface clearly and compactly displays privacy policy information. When such information is made available, consumers tend to purchase from online retailers who better protect their privacy. In fact, our study indicates that when privacy information is made more salient and accessible, some consumers are willing to pay a premium to purchase from privacy protective websites. This result suggests that businesses may be able to leverage privacy protection as a selling point. © 2011 INFORMS.
Motor control of response to external perturbations in people post-stroke
Creators: name: Pollock, Courtney L.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Mechanisms underpinning motor control of standing balance post-stroke remain unclear. Following stroke, ankle plantarflexor muscles demonstrate impairment associated with asymmetrical postural control and decreased balance. Stroke also results in increased attentional demands during challenges to standing balance. This thesis examined motor control impairment post-stroke from medial gastrocnemius motor units to the tri-muscle plantarflexor complex. Investigation of motor, kinematic and kinetic parameters of postural control during external perturbations in standing and associated levels of physiological arousal have furthered understanding of balance impairment post-stroke. Methods: Medial gastrocnemius motor units were recorded in controls (Chapter 2) and people post-stroke (Chapter 3) in standing as perturbations were sequentially applied at the pelvis under conditions of increased anteriorly-directed challenge. In both studies, motor unit firing rate was calculated during dynamic response to perturbation, and maintenance of steady state between perturbations. Joint kinematics, surface electromyography and movements of the centre of pressure were assessed. In Chapter 4, this methodology was expanded to cross-correlation analysis of electromyography activity of the three plantarflexor muscles with anterior-posterior centre of pressure during steady state. In Chapter 5, attentional demands surrounding timing of external perturbation were manipulated to investigate effects of stroke on physiological arousal and postural reactions. Results: In healthy subjects, medial gastrocnemius utilized primarily motor unit recruitment to maintain standing with a modest increase in motor unit firing rate only during the dynamic response to external perturbations. The paretic medial gastrocnemius also primarily used motor unit recruitment; however, lacked firing rate modulation during the dynamic response, albeit firing rate was related to kinematic variables of postural control. In people post-stroke, the three plantarflexors demonstrated asymmetrical motor control of postural sway between-legs but symmetry was improved under conditions of increased challenge to standing balance. Finally, knowledge of timing of perturbations did not decrease the heightened anticipatory postural strategy and level of physiological arousal exhibited post-stroke. Conclusions: This dissertation provides new understanding of motor control of standing balance post-stroke and reveals anticipatory postural strategies adopted post-stroke under conditions challenging balance. These findings implicate the importance of introducing challenge to standing balance post-stroke in the assessment and rehabilitation of postural control post-stroke.
Data Dissemination in Wireless Networks with Network Coding
Creators: name: Firooz, Mohammad Hamed
name: Roy, Sumit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate the use of network coding for information dissemination over a wireless network. Using network coding allows for a simple, distributed and robust algorithm where nodes do not need any information from their neighbors. In this paper, we analyze the time needed to diffuse information throughout a network when network coding is implemented at all nodes. We then provide an upper bound for the dissemination time for ad-hoc networks with general topology. Moreover, we derive a relation between dissemination time and the size of the wireless network. It is shown that for a wireless network with N nodes, the dissemination latency is between O(N) and O(N^2), depending on the reception probabilities of the nodes. These observations are validated by the simulation results.
Charakterisierung einer Maus mit spezifischer Deletion des Adapterproteins ADAP in Thrombozyten
Creators: name: Meinke, Clara Antonia
Publisher: name: Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Adaptorproteine
subject: Autoaggressionskrankheit
subject: Maus
subject: 571.963

description: Das adhesion and degranulation-promoting adaptor protein (ADAP) gehört zu den zytosolischen Adapterproteinen. ADAP wird in den Immunzellen der hämatopoetischen Linie wie T-Zellen, Natürlichen Killer-Zellen (NK-Zellen), myeloischen Zellen und Thrombozyten exprimiert, während es in reifen B-Zellen nicht vorkommt. ADAP spielt eine wichtige Rolle bei der Integrinaktivierung und Adhäsion der Zellen. Der komplette Knock-out von ADAP ist bereits gut untersucht. Um eine differenzierte Betrachtung der zellspezifischen Rolle von ADAP bei der Pathogenese von Autoimmunerkrankungen zu ermöglichen, wurden konditionalen Knock-outs in den genannten Zelllinien generiert. In dieser Arbeit wurde die Charakterisierung des Immunsystems einer konditionalen Knock- out Maus mit dem spezifischen Verlust von ADAP in den Thrombozyten (ADAPfl/fl PF4-Cretg) durchgeführt. Hierbei zeigte sich im konditionalen Knock-out ähnlich wie bei dem kompletten Knock-out von ADAP gegenüber den Kontrolltieren eine Thrombozytopenie und Einschränkungen in der Funktion von Thrombozyten. Im Krankheitsmodell der Experimentellen Autoimmunen Enzephalomyelitis (EAE) wurde ein erhöhter Schweregrad der Erkrankung bei den konditionalen Knock-out-Mäusen beobachtet. Es lässt sich eine durch die Thrombozytenfehlfunktion verminderte anti-inflammatorische Wirkung vermuten. Die Ergebnisse tragen zur Aufklärung der Immunpathogenese der EAE bei und sind eine wichtige Voraussetzung zur Entwicklung möglicher neuer Ansatzpunkte für Therapieoptionen bei neuroinflammatorischen Erkrankungen.
A Study on Impact of Emotional Intelligence on Green Fund Investment
Creators: name: Jimmy Jayant Tigga, Pushpa A
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This study investigates the impact of emotional intelligence (EI) on investment decisions in green funds, highlighting the role of EI in fostering sustainable investing behaviour. Through a regression analysis, the research reveals a significant positive relationship between EI and investment decisions, with higher EI correlating with a greater likelihood of committing to green investments. The findings suggest thatindividuals with elevated emotional intelligence are better equipped to manage market fluctuations, reduce emotional biases, and make longterm investment choices aligned with sustainability goals. The study emphasizes the importance of emotional intelligence in promoting responsible, values-driven investment strategies and underscores the need for financial education programs that integrate EI to enhancedecision-making in green fund investments.
The Rockstar Phase-Space Temporal Halo Finder and the Velocity Offsets of Cluster Cores
Creators: name: Behroozi, Peter S.
name: Wechsler, Risa H.
name: Wu, Hao-Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new algorithm for identifying dark matter halos, substructure, and tidal features. The approach is based on adaptive hierarchical refinement of friends-of-friends groups in six phase-space dimensions and one time dimension, which allows for robust (grid-independent, shape-independent, and noise-resilient) tracking of substructure; as such, it is named Rockstar (Robust Overdensity Calculation using K-Space Topologically Adaptive Refinement). Our method is massively parallel (up to 10^5 CPUs) and runs on the largest current simulations (>10^10 particles) with high efficiency (10 CPU hours and 60 gigabytes of memory required per billion particles analyzed). A previous paper (Knebe et al 2011) has shown Rockstar to have class-leading recovery of halo properties; we expand on these comparisons with more tests and higher-resolution simulations. We show a significant improvement in substructure recovery as compared to several other halo finders and discuss the theoretical and practical limits of simulations in this regard. Finally, we present results which demonstrate conclusively that dark matter halo cores are not at rest relative to the halo bulk or satellite average velocities and have coherent velocity offsets across a wide range of halo masses and redshifts. For massive clusters, these offsets can be up to 350 km/s at z=0 and even higher at high redshifts. Our implementation is publicly available at http://code.google.com/p/rockstar .
description: 20 pages, 14 figures. Minor revisions to match accepted version
Untersuchung der Expliziten Emotionswahrnehmung bei Parkinson Patienten während einer Facial Feedback Modulation
Creators: name: Polotzek, Laura
Publisher: name: Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Parkinson-Krankheit
subject: Gefühlsausdruck
subject: Wahrnehmungstest
subject: 616.833

description: Morbus Parkinson äußert sich nicht nur in einer progredienten Störung des motorischen Systems, sondern auch in Defiziten der emotionalen Verarbeitung, z.B. der Erkennung von Emotionen in Gesichtern. Es konnte bereits gezeigt werden, dass das Facial Feedback, das heißt die Nachahmung von wahrgenommenen Gesichtsausdrücken, die Interpretation der emotionalen Zustände unseres Gegenübers erleichtert. Bei Parkinson Patienten ist die Mimik reduziert und folglich das Facial Feedback verringert. Dies deutet darauf hin, dass das verminderte Facial Feedback bei den Betroffenen zu den Defiziten in der Emotionswahrnehmung beiträgt. Hierzu untersuchten wir den Einfluss des Facial Feedbacks auf die Erkennung von emotionalen Gesichtern bei 20 Parkinson Patienten und 20 gesunden Kontrollen. Die Probanden unterzogen sich einer Mimik- Manipulation (Halten eines Stiftes zwischen den Lippen, zwischen den Zähnen oder der nicht- dominanten Hand), während sie eine Aufgabe zur Erkennung emotionaler Veränderungen bei Gesichtern durchführten. Bei den Kontrollen ergab sich ein signifikanter Einfluss der Mimik- Manipulation auf die Fähigkeit der Erkennung von Veränderungen. Die Leistung der Patientengruppe wurde nicht signifikant beeinflusst. Daher ist anzunehmen, dass vor allem nachfolgende Prozesse in der Übertragung und Verarbeitung und weniger das Facial Feedback zu den Defiziten der Patienten beitragen. Dazu gehören das Konzept der Spiegelneurone, Defizite in späteren Integrationsprozessen und Störungen der visuellen Interpretation von Inhalten.
A combinatorial description of the affine Gindikin-Karpelevich formula of type A_n^(1)
Creators: name: Kang, Seok-Jin
name: Lee, Kyu-Hwan
name: Ryu, Hansol
name: Salisbury, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B37 (Primary) 05E10 (Secondary)

description: The classical Gindikin-Karpelevich formula appears in Langlands' calculation of the constant terms of Eisenstein series on reductive groups and in Macdonald's work on p-adic groups and affine Hecke algebras. The formula has been generalized in the work of Garland to the affine Kac-Moody case, and the affine case has been geometrically constructed in a recent paper of Braverman, Finkelberg, and Kazhdan. On the other hand, there have been efforts to write the formula as a sum over Kashiwara's crystal basis or Lusztig's canonical basis, initiated by Brubaker, Bump, and Friedberg. In this paper, we write the affine Gindikin-Karpelevich formula as a sum over the crystal of generalized Young walls when the underlying Kac-Moody algebra is of affine type A_n^(1). The coefficients of the terms in the sum are determined explicitly by the combinatorial data from Young walls.
description: 20 pages; v2 Correction to the formula of Braverman, Finkelberg, and Kazhdan; v3 Minor correction; v4 Sage examples added
Unseen food images capture the attention of hungry viewers : evidence from event-related potentials
Creators: name: Klaas, Arne
Publisher: name: Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Visuelle Aufmerksamkeit
subject: Unterschwellige Wahrnehmung
subject: Hunger
subject: 152.14

description: The current study investigated the influence of subconsciously perceived pictures of food on the deployment of spatial attention of healthy, normal-weight participants. During an object-substitution masking task, visual evoked potentials of the participants were recorded and the N2pc as a marker of spatial attention allocation was extracted. As a result, an enhanced allocation of spatial attention could be noted in response to subconsciously perceived pictures of food, but only when the participants were hungry. No such effect was found for consciously perceived pictures of food or for pictures of clothing items. The lack of an attentional capture during conditions of full visibility could be the result of a cognitive control mechanism that fails in light of subconscious perception. These results are relevant for the study of subconsciously perceived stimuli and how they influence human perception and decision making. They could contribute to the understanding of the pathogenesis of important diseases, for example eating disorders and obesity.
Lasing and transport in a coupled quantum dot-resonator system
Creators: name: Jin, Pei-Qing
name: Marthaler, Michael
name: Cole, Jared H.
name: Shnirman, Alexander
name: Schön, Gerd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a double quantum dot coupled to a transmission line resonator. By driving a current through the double dot, a population inversion between the dot levels can be created, and a lasing state of the radiation field is generated within a sharp resonance window. The transport current correlates with the lasing state. The sharp resonance condition allows for resolving small differences in the dot properties. Dissipative processes in the quantum dots and their effect on the lasing and transport behavior are investigated.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1103.5051
International students strategies to obtain career-related work in Canada after graduation
Creators: name: Bepple, Nancy
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: This study examines strategies which international students use for transitioning from a British Columbia (BC) post-secondary institution to full time work in the Canadian labour market. It discusses how international students use different types of human, social, cultural and symbolic capital in this transition. Further, it discusses students’ use of their post-secondary institution’s career programs and services. Other factors impacting students’ strategies, such as discrimination, family pressures, financial constraints, and Canadian immigration policy, are also discussed. The investigation uses an on-line survey, targeting all international students at a specific BC post-secondary institution, as well as follow up focus groups with a subset of these same students. The research led to 11 key findings on strategies which international students use for transitioning from a BC post-secondary institution to the Canadian labour market: (1) international students want to obtain career-related work in Canada after graduation; (2) international students want to stay in or leave Canada for both career and non-career-related reasons; (3) international students employ a variety of ways to gain human, social, cultural and symbolic capital; (4) international students consider Canadian human capital more valuable than non-Canadian capital; (5) international students value Canadian education and academic credentials for a number of reasons; (6) international students consider English language skills and culturally based Canadian communication skills as being a key skill to obtaining career-related work; (7) international students consider a range of types of experiential learning as key ways of acquiring capital; (8) international students view different types of paid work or volunteer experiences as providing opportunities to gain various types of capital; (9) international students use a wide range of relationships as part of their strategies for obtaining career-related work in Canada; (10) international students are aware of which post-secondary services and programs are available to them and choose strategies accordingly; (11) international students use multi-faceted approaches towards achieving their goal to obtain career-related work. Recommendations are made to post-secondary institutions and government on policies and practices related to international students’ transition to the Canadian labour market. Limitations of the current study and suggestions for complementary research are put forward.