cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Strain Modulated Electronic Properties of Ge Nanowires - A First Principles Study
Creators: name: Logan, Paul
name: Peng, Xihong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We used density-functional theory based first principles simulations to study the effects of uniaxial strain and quantum confinement on the electronic properties of germanium nanowires along the [110] direction, such as the energy gap and the effective masses of the electron and hole. The diameters of the nanowires being studied are up to 50 Å. As shown in our calculations, the Ge [110] nanowires possess a direct band gap, in contrast to the nature of an indirect band gap in bulk. We discovered that the band gap and the effective masses of charge carries can be modulated by applying uniaxial strain to the nanowires. These strain modulations are size-dependent. For a smaller wire (~ 12 Å), the band gap is almost a linear function of strain; compressive strain increases the gap while tensile strain reduces the gap. For a larger wire (20 Å - 50 Å), the variation of the band gap with respect to strain shows nearly parabolic behavior: compressive strain beyond -1% also reduces the gap. In addition, our studies showed that strain affects effective masses of the electron and hole very differently. The effective mass of the hole increases with a tensile strain while the effective mass of the electron increases with a compressive strain. Our results suggested both strain and size can be used to tune the band structures of nanowires, which may help in design of future nano-electronic devices. We also discussed our results by applying the tight-binding model.
description: 1 table, 8 figures
Galaxy assembly, outflows and the evolution of disks with IllustrisTNG
Creators: name: Pillepich, Annalisa
name: None
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: IllustrisTNG (www.tng-project.org) is a series of three cosmological gravity+magnetohydrodynamics simulations for galaxy physics spanning cosmological volumes of 50, 100, and 300 Mpc a side, respectively. They return a synthetic sample of thousands of well-resolved galaxies across cosmic times and environments. I will give an overview of the insights that these simulations are allowing us to uncover on the evolution of the galaxy populations and of the galaxies' inner properties, from the stellar mass assembly of the most massive brightest cluster galaxies at recent times to the evolution of the star formation activity of galaxies from high redshift to today, in isolation or as satellites. In particular, I will focus on the outcome of the final run of the series, TNG50, a cosmological volume at zoom resolution. TNG50 is allowing to reveal, for example, the quantitative details of gas outflows and their relation to galaxy properties as well as to follow the emergence of stellar and gaseous disks across cosmic times.
Magnetic Field Tuned Quantum Phase Transition in the Insulating Regime of Ultrathin Amorphous Bi Films
Creators: name: Lin, Yen-Hsiang
name: Goldman, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A surprisingly strong variation of resistance with perpendicular magnetic field, and a peak in the resistance vs. field, R(B) has been found in insulating films of a sequence of homogeneous, quench-condensed films of amorphous Bi undergoing a thickness-tuned superconductor-insulator transition. Isotherms of magnetoresistance, rather than resistance, vs. field were found to cross at a well-defined magnetic field higher than the field corresponding to the peak in R(B). For all values of B, R(T) was found to obey an Arrhenius form. At the crossover magnetic field the prefactor became equal to the quantum resistance of electron pairs, h/4e^2, and the activation energy returned to its zero field value. These observations suggest that the crossover is the signature of a quantum phase transition between two distinct insulating ground states, tuned by magnetic field.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
IMPERIAL Magazine
Creators: name: Buonocore, Maria
Publisher: name: Scuola Universitaria della Svizzera Italiana (SUPSI)
Year: 2015

description: Il tuning consiste in tutto ciò che riguarda l’apportare modifiche alle prestazioni e di conseguenza all’aspetto della propria auto. Con il passare degli anni le modifiche estetiche hanno assunto un’importanza sempre maggiore e si sono via via allontanate dalla loro funzione originale, portando alla formazione di diversi stili e linee di pensiero, assumendo spesso una connotazione puramente estetica. Queste modifiche esprimono i gusti e le esigenze di chi le attua, permettendo ad un prodotto massificato di raggiungere una forma di artigianalità che lo rende un artefatto unico ed esclusivo. Al giorno d’oggi il tuning risulta essere una disciplina molto diffusa ed apprezzata dai ragazzi tra i 18 ed i 30 anni, ma la maggior parte degli strumenti d’informazione usati per trattare l’argomento sono codificati secondo modelli risalenti a più di dieci anni fa, portando i fruitori ad allontanarsi o a doverli accettare, sia per confermare lo stereotipo dell’uomo “macho” ossessionato dal binomio donne e motori, sia per una rassegnazione dovuta alla poca varietà di contenuti offerti. Da qui deriva la necessità di approfondire tramite questa tesi le origini del fenomeno, i suoi simboli ed i suoi linguaggi. Sono stati analizzati gli stili del tuning, i media da esso utilizzati e vi è inoltre un approccio di analisi dei fenomeni emotivi e psicologici che si celano dietro il rapporto tra uomo ed auto. L’artefatto consiste in una rivista dedicata al tuning ma che al tempo stesso ne rifiuta i codici tradizionali, con un ventaglio di contenuti che si espande dal tuning fine a se stesso ad altri ambiti come il lifestyle, l’arte e la moda, utilizzando un linguaggio più dinamico, intimo e moderno. Tra i contenuti vi sono ad esempio interviste ad appassionati, dove il focus è puntato sulla persona e sul rapporto con la propria auto, così come reportage di raduni, che documentano l’esperienza di ritrovarsi con persone che condividono la stessa passione. Imperial magazine non è una rivista di tuning... è molto di più.
The Cepheid mass discrepancy and pulsation-driven mass loss
Creators: name: Neilson, Hilding R.
name: Cantiello, Matteo
name: Langer, Norbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. A longstanding challenge for understanding classical Cepheids is the Cepheid mass discrepancy, where theoretical mass estimates using stellar evolution and stellar pulsation calculations have been found to differ by approximately 10 - 20%. Aims. We study the role of pulsation-driven mass loss during the Cepheid stage of evolution as a possible solution to this mass discrepancy. Methods. We computed stellar evolution models with a Cepheid mass-loss prescription and various amounts of convective core overshooting. The contribution of mass loss towards the mass discrepancy is determined using these models, Results. Pulsation-driven mass loss is found to trap Cepheid evolution on the instability strip, allowing them to lose about 5 - 10% of their total mass when moderate convective core overshooting, an amount consistent with observations of other stars, is included in the stellar models. Conclusions. We find that the combination of moderate convective core overshooting and pulsation-driven mass loss can solve the Cepheid mass discrepancy.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures and 2 tables. Accepted for publication A&A Letters
Additional file 6 of The oral microbiome and salivary proteins influence caries in children aged 6 to 8 years
Creators: name: Chen, Wang
name: Jiang, Qian
name: Yan, Guowei
name: Yang, Deqin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 6: Table S4. The differential genera between PH and PN group. The black body represents the dominant bacteria (relative abundance > 1%).
Hierarchical modularity in human brain functional networks
Creators: name: Meunier, D.
name: Lambiotte, R.
name: Fornito, A.
name: Ersche, K. D.
name: Bullmore, E. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The idea that complex systems have a hierarchical modular organization originates in the early 1960s and has recently attracted fresh support from quantitative studies of large scale, real-life networks. Here we investigate the hierarchical modular (or "modules-within-modules") decomposition of human brain functional networks, measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in 18 healthy volunteers under no-task or resting conditions. We used a customized template to extract networks with more than 1800 regional nodes, and we applied a fast algorithm to identify nested modular structure at several hierarchical levels. We used mutual information, 0 < I < 1, to estimate the similarity of community structure of networks in different subjects, and to identify the individual network that is most representative of the group. Results show that human brain functional networks have a hierarchical modular organization with a fair degree of similarity between subjects, I=0.63. The largest 5 modules at the highest level of the hierarchy were medial occipital, lateral occipital, central, parieto-frontal and fronto-temporal systems; occipital modules demonstrated less sub-modular organization than modules comprising regions of multimodal association cortex. Connector nodes and hubs, with a key role in inter-modular connectivity, were also concentrated in association cortical areas. We conclude that methods are available for hierarchical modular decomposition of large numbers of high resolution brain functional networks using computationally expedient algorithms. This could enable future investigations of Simon's original hypothesis that hierarchy or near-decomposability of physical symbol systems is a critical design feature for their fast adaptivity to changing environmental conditions.
Opium tincture for opioid substitution treatment
Creators: name: Nikoo, Mohammadali
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2021

description: Opioids have served as a dual-purpose substance throughout the human history. While they are listed as an essential medicine by the World Health Organization, on account of their effectiveness at treating pain, their harmful use also leaves a significant burden on societies. Among treatments developed to address the latter, opioid substitution treatment (OST) is a very well-documented and evidence-based treatment, which has shown to improve a multitude of treatment outcomes for patients with opioid dependence. Besides well-established medicines for OST, such as methadone and buprenorphine, opium tincture (OT), a hydro alcoholic preparation of opium, is used for this purpose on a large scale in Iran. The first step of this thesis, which was a systematic review, (2014 - 2016) did not find adequate evidence to make a conclusive recommendation about the safety and efficacy of OT for OST. Following this review, a non- inferiority randomized clinical trial (opium trial) with 204 participants and a 12-week follow-up period, compared the safety and efficacy of OT with methadone in treatment of opioid dependence. A comparison of international samples with participants of opium trial at baseline revealed that patterns of substance use and related risk behaviors differed significantly between Iran and other regions of the world, a factor which needs to be considered when generalizing the findings of the opium trial. Next, the comparison of outcomes between the two arms showed that OT was a clinically effective medication and that OT was more effective than methadone at reducing participants’ opioid use outside of treatment; however, the study could not conclude whether or not OT was non-inferior to methadone at retaining participants in treatment. The number of people with AEs (adverse events) were not significantly different between the two groups. There was no serious adverse event in the OT arm and one in the methadone arm. Substitution treatment with OT has expanded in Iran since its introduction and the results of this trial show potential for its further use. OT can serve as a culturally acceptable and widely available medication for OST, diversifying the treatment options for this condition.
An HSC view of the CMASS galaxy sample. Halo mass as a function of stellar mass, size and Sérsic index
Creators: name: Sonnenfeld, Alessandro
name: None
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: The size evolution of massive quiescent galaxies is one of the open questions in cosmology. Massive galaxies are believed to grow mostly by mergers at z<2, but the quantitative details of how mergers affect their structure are still poorly understood. One way to gain insight on the physical mechanisms determining the size evolution of galaxies is by studying correlations bewteen their surface brightness distribution and the mass of their host dark matter halos. For this purpose, we developed a novel statistical technique for the analysis of the weak lensing data and applied to shear measurements from the HSC survey around massive galaxies from the CMASS sample. We asked whether, at fixed stellar mass, dark matter halo mass scales with galaxy size or Sersic index. Our measurements rule out any strong correlation between these quantities, disfavoring galaxy evolution models that predict significant differences in the size growth efficiency of galaxies living in low and high mass halos.
Intra-unit-cell electronic nematicity of the high-Tc copper-oxide pseudogap states
Creators: name: Lawler, M. J.
name: Fujita, K.
name: Lee, Jhinhwan
name: Schmidt, A. R.
name: Kohsaka, Y.
name: Kim, Chung Koo
name: Eisaki, H.
name: Uchida, S.
name: Davis, J. C.
name: Sethna, J. P.
name: Kim, Eun-Ah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the high-transition-temperature (high-Tc) superconductors the pseudogap phase becomes predominant when the density of doped holes is reduced1. Within this phase it has been unclear which electronic symmetries (if any) are broken, what the identity of any associated order parameter might be, and which microscopic electronic degrees of freedom are active. Here we report the determination of a quantitative order parameter representing intra-unit-cell nematicity: the breaking of rotational symmetry by the electronic structure within CuO2 unit cell. We analyze spectroscopic-imaging scanning tunneling microscope images of the intra-unit-cell states in underdoped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ and, using two independent evaluation techniques, find evidence for electronic nematicity of the states close to the pseudogap energy. Moreover, we demonstrate directly that these phenomena arise from electronic differences at the two oxygen sites within each unit cell. If the characteristics of the pseudogap seen here and by other techniques all have the same microscopic origin, this phase involves weak magnetic states at the O sites that break 90o -rotational symmetry within every CuO2 unit cell.
description: See the Nature website for the published version. High-resolution version of figures, supplementary information and supplementary movies are available at http://eunahkim.ccmr.cornell.edu/KimGroup/highlights.html
Near-Infrared Properties of Metal-poor Globular Clusters in the Galactic Bulge Direction
Creators: name: Chun, S. -H.
name: Kim, J. -W.
name: Shin, I. -G.
name: Chung, C.
name: Lim, D. -W.
name: Park, J. -H.
name: Kim, H. -I.
name: Han, W.
name: Sohn, Y. -J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. J, H, and K' images obtained from the near-infrared imager CFHTIR on the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope are used to derive the morphological parameters of the red giant branch (RGB) in the near-infrared color-magnitude diagrams for 12 metal-poor globular clusters in the Galactic bulge direction. Using the compiled data set of the RGB parameters for the observed 12 clusters, in addition to the previously studied 5 clusters, we discuss the properties of the RGB morphology for the clusters and compare them with the calibration relations for the metal-rich bulge clusters and the metal-poor halo clusters. Methods. The photometric RGB shape indices such as colors at fixed magnitudes of MK = MH = (-5.5, -5, -4, and -3), magnitudes at fixed colors of (J - K)o = (J - H)o = 0.7, and the RGB slope are measured from the fiducial normal points defined in the near- infrared color-magnitude diagrams for each cluster. The magnitudes of RGB bump and tip are also estimated from the differential and cumulative luminosity functions of the selected RGB stars. The derived RGB parameters have been used to examine the overall behaviors of the RGB morphology as a function of cluster metallicity. Results. The correlations between the near-infrared photometric RGB shape indices and the cluster metallicity for the programme clusters compare favorably with the previous observational calibration relations for metal-rich clusters in the Galactic bulge and the metal-poor halo clusters. The observed near-infrared magnitudes of the RGB bump and tip for the investigated clusters are also in accordance with the previous calibration relations for the Galactic bulge clusters.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Sviluppo e progettazione di uno sgrigliatore autopulente
Creators: name: Stefanoni, Andrea
Publisher: name: Scuola Universitaria della Svizzera Italiana (SUPSI)
Year: 2018

description: Il progetto assegnato dall’azienda Premel SA si focalizza sullo sviluppo e progettazione di un nuovo sgrigliatore che permette di rimuovere il materiale depositato sulla griglia di captazione da installare nelle piccole centrali idroelettriche. L’intero progetto è stato portato a termine seguendo diverse fasi. Inizialmente si sono raccolti i dati necessari tramite lo stato dell’arte portando alla luce i vari tipi di sgrigliatori esistenti e valutandone i vantaggi e svantaggi. Nella fase successiva si è elaborato il quaderno dei compiti con il committente e le specifiche della macchina. A questo punto si è iniziato il dimensionamento e parallelamente la creazione del modello tridimensionale, partendo da un’idea di concetto dell’intero sistema. Nell’ultima fase si sono eseguite le verifiche strutturali tramite simulazioni numeriche FEM e CFD e si è valutato economicamente la soluzione sviluppata. Il sistema sviluppato ha le stesse funzionalità di quelli classici ma asporta il materiale da dietro la griglia, ha il sistema di pulitura esterno ed è movimentato da 2 pantografi basculanti. Tale funzionalità porta alcuni vantaggi strutturali e rende tale sistema innovativo. La macchina si compone in 3 macro gruppi: gruppo di presa, gruppo di movimentazione e gruppo di scarico. Il primo è costituito da una lamiera di base annessa con dei blocchetti di denti che asporteranno il materiale dalla griglia. Il secondo è costituito da 2 pantografi a tandem basculanti (il basculamento è generato da altri 3 cilindri idraulici) azionati da 6 cilindri idraulici che permetteranno il sollevamento del materiale, ed è collegato alla lamiera con un supporto triangolare. L’ultimo gruppo invece è costituito da una lamiera parzialmente rivestita azionata da un cilindro.
Centro Porsche Ticino
Creators: name: Copa, Flavio
Publisher: name: Scuola Universitaria della Svizzera Italiana (SUPSI)
Year: 2022

description: Il tema della Tesi riguarda la progettazione di un centro vendita e riparazioni del marchio Porsche. Il centro sarà composto principalmente da una sala espositiva con uffici, un corpo centrale con uffici, ricezione e locale diagnostica ed una parte dedicata all’officina per riparazioni.
Gas, star formation and quenching in galaxy clusters and groups
Creators: name: Poggianti, Bianca
name: None
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: I will review our current knowledge of the link between the star formation activity+quenching and the gas availability and removal as a function of galaxy environment focusing on galaxy clusters and groups. I will also discuss the relation between environment and AGN triggering, and implications for the intracluster medium and light.
Modules, completely positive maps, and a generalized KSGNS construction
Creators: name: Pellonpää, Juha-Pekka
name: Ylinen, Kari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A very general KSGNS type dilation theorem in the context of right (not necessarily Hilbert) modules over $C^*$-algebras is presented. The proof uses Kolmogorov type decompositions for positive-definite kernels with values in spaces of sesquilinear maps. More specific functional analytic applications are obtained by adding assumptions.
description: 18 pages
title: ÐÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐµ Ð¸ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ñ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¾Ð¶Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ¼Ð¸ Ð¾Ð½Ð»Ð°Ð¹Ð½-ÐºÑÑÑÐ¾Ð² Ð² LMS-ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ðµ Moodle
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: The project of developing tool for preprocessing and analysing log data of LMS-system Moodle
Creators: name: ÐÐ²Ð°Ð½ÐµÐ½ÐºÐ¾, Ð¢Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾ÑÐµÐ¹
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2020
Subjects: oÐ½Ð»Ð°Ð¹Ð½-Ð¾Ð±ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ
Moodle
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Python
E-learning
moodle
data mining
educational data mining
clustering
classification

description: Ð Ð°ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ½ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ¸ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ»Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐµ Ð¸ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ñ Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¾Ð² LMS-ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Moodle. ÐÐ±ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ° Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¾Ð² Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ»ÐµÐ´ÑÑÑÐ¸Ð¼ Ð¸Ð·Ð²Ð»ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼ Ð¸Ð½ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¸Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ð»Ð°ÑÑ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð°Ð¼Ð¸ Ð¸Ð½ÑÐµÐ»Ð»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð° Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ. Ð ÑÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÑ Ð±ÑÐ» Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ½ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ð¿ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ»Ñ ÑÐµÐ°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÐ¹ Ð½Ð° ÑÐ·ÑÐºÐµ Python Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð´Ð°Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ¸ Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¾Ð², Ð²Ð¸Ð·ÑÐ°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸, ÐºÐ»Ð°ÑÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¸ ÐºÐ»Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸.
description: The project of developing tool for preprocessing and analysing log data of LMS-system Moodle. Preprocessing and analysing of log data were made by using data mining techniques. As a result, was made the prototype of tool using Python
programming language for preprocessing, visualisation, clustering and classification.
Solar models with accretion. I. Application to the solar abundance problem
Creators: name: Serenelli, Aldo M.
name: Haxton, Wick C.
name: Pena-Garay, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generate new standard solar models using newly analyzed nuclear fusion cross sections and present results for helioseismic quantities and solar neutrino fluxes. We discuss the status of the solar abundance problem and investigate whether nonstandard solar models with accretion from the protoplanetary disk might alleviate the problem. We examine a broad range of possibilities, analyzing both metal-enriched and metal-depleted accretion models and exploring three scenarios for the timing of the accretion. Only partial solutions are found: one can bring either the depth of the convective zone or the surface helium abundance into agreement with helioseismic results, but not both simultaneously. In addition, detailed results for solar neutrino fluxes show that neutrinos are a competitive source of information about the solar core and can help constrain possible accretion histories of the Sun. Finally, we briefly discuss how measurements of solar neutrinos from the CN-cycle could shed light on the interaction between the early Sun and its protoplanetary disk.
description: 18 pages, 16 figures, submitted to ApJ
Electronic Properties of Strained Si/Ge Core-Shell Nanowires
Creators: name: Peng, Xihong
name: Logan, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the electronic properties of strained Si/Ge core-shell nanowires along the [110] direction using first principles calculations based on density-functional theory. The diameter of the studied core-shell wire is up to 5 nm. We found the band gap of the core-shell wire is smaller than that of both pure Si and Ge wires with the same diameter. This reduced band gap is ascribed to the intrinsic strain between Ge and Si layers, which partially counters the quantum confinement effect. The external strain is further applied to the nanowires for tuning the band structure and band gap. By applying sufficient tensile strain, we found the band gap of Si-core/Ge-shell nanowire with diameter larger than ~3 nm experiences a transition from direct to indirect gap.
description: 4 figures
Editorial
Creators: name: Phakiti, Aek
Publisher: name: Sydney School of Education and Social Work, The University of Sydney
Year: 2025
Subjects: TESOL
Language Teaching

description: This volume of The University of Sydney Journal of TESOL features several new and emerging scholars in TESOL and applied linguistics. It includes various topics such as peer corrective feedback, immigrant identities, teacher attitudes towards genre-based writing pedagogy, motivation, English Medium Instruction and intercultural communication. These diverse topics offer valuable insights for language educators and researchers alike.
Additional file 3 of Genome-wide DNA methylation reveals potential epigenetic mechanism of age-dependent viral susceptibility in grass carp
Creators: name: He, Libo
name: Liang, Xinyu
name: Wang, Qian
name: Yang, Cheng
name: Li, Yongming
name: Liao, Lanjie
name: Zhu, Zuoyan
name: Wang, Yaping
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Table S1. Methylated cytosines percentage of different context
Impact of environment on molecular gas reservoirs probed in distant cluster and field galaxies
Creators: name: Dannerbauer, Helmut
name: None
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: It is clear that galaxies in local clusters are different from those in the field. Environment must play an important role in shaping the ensemble of galaxies. However, we do not yet know when these physical processes are initiated and what mechanisms directly impact how galaxies evolve. We are using the Australian Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) to study the role of environment on the molecular gas content, the fuel of star formation, of distant star-forming galaxies. These are the likely progenitors of elliptical galaxies which dominate the light in local galaxy clusters. From our pilot survey to search for low-surface brightness cold CO(1-0) molecular gas emission, I present the discovery of massive extended CO gas reservoirs in these star-forming galaxies that are located in the galaxy cluster in formation surrounding the radio galaxy, MRC1138-262, the so-called Spiderweb protocluster, at z=2.2. The discovery is unexpected as gas truncation and stripping was predicted. Our results alter our view of the important topics of the development and gas phase distribution of the "proto-intracluster medium": how ram pressure stripping may operate in galaxy protoclusters, how the galaxies may contribute to enriching and heating the proto-intracluster medium, and how their star formation may be limited by their internal dynamics. Furthermore, I will present results of our on-going ATCA Large Program, CO ATCA Legacy Archive of Star-Forming Galaxies (COALAS), based on our successful pilot survey. Our sample consists of well-covered 'field'-targets from the ALMA survey ALESS in the ECDFS and protocluster galaxies surrounding the Spiderweb. This survey significantly extends our study of how environment impact the cold molecular gas content, gas excitation and star-formation efficiency in cluster and field galaxies in the early universe. Currently, the ATCA is the only interferometer in the southern hemisphere that can target at high redshift the ground-transition CO(1-0), the most robust tracer of the overall cold molecular gas mass and distribution. Thus the ATCA is a crucial complement to ALMA. Our ATCA data are complemented by exquisite multi-wavelength data from the ESO telescopes and ALMA, thus demonstrating the strong synergy between facilities from ESO and Australia and the close collaboration between both communities.
title: Ð Ð°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ° Ð¸ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ð¿Ð° ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð°Ð´Ð¼Ð¸Ð½Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð±Ð°Ð·Ñ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¸ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾ÑÐ¸ Telegram Bot
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: ÐÐµÑÑÑÐ°, ÐÐ»ÐµÐ³
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2019
Subjects: ÐÐ°Ð·Ñ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ
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description: ÐÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ° ÑÐ¾Ð´ÐµÑÐ¶Ð¸Ñ 55 Ñ., 14 ÑÐ¸Ñ., 2 ÑÐ°Ð±Ð»., 26 Ð¸ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð², 1 Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ. Ð¢ÐµÐ¼Ð°: Ð Ð°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ° Ð¸ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ð¿Ð° ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð°Ð´Ð¼Ð¸Ð½Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð±Ð°Ð·Ñ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¸ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾ÑÐ¸ Telegram bot. ÐÐ»ÑÑÐµÐ²ÑÐµ ÑÐ»Ð¾Ð²Ð°: telegram, telegram Ð±Ð¾Ñ, Ð±Ð¾Ñ, oracle, oracle database, api, php, oracle instant client, Ð±Ð°Ð·Ñ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ. ÐÐ±ÑÐµÐºÑÐ¾Ð¼ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ²Ð»ÑÑÑÑÑ ÑÐ¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð½Ð¸ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð³Ð° Ð¸ ÑÐ´Ð°Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð´Ð¾ÑÑÑÐ¿Ð° Ðº ÐÐ Oracle. Ð¦ÐµÐ»Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ â ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ° Ð¸ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ð¿Ð° ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð°Ð´Ð¼Ð¸Ð½Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð±Ð°Ð·Ñ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¸ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾ÑÐ¸ Telegram Bot. Ð ÑÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÐµ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ Ð±ÑÐ» ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ°Ð½ Ð±Ð¾Ñ Ð² Telegaram, ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ¹ Ð¾ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ¶Ð¸Ð²Ð°ÐµÑ Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ð±ÐºÐ¸ Ð² ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµ Ð±Ð°Ð·Ñ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ, Ð¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÐµÑÐ°ÐµÑ Ð°Ð´Ð¼Ð¸Ð½Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¾ÑÐ° Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ð»ÑÐµÑ Ð¾ÑÐ¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð¸ÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð°Ð½Ð´Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¸Ñ ÑÑÑÑÐ°Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ. Ð¡ÑÐµÐ¿ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð²Ð½ÐµÐ´ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ â Ð¿Ð»Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÑÑÐµÑÑÑ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð°Ð´Ð¼Ð¸Ð½Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÐÐ Oracle ÐºÐ°ÑÐµÐ´ÑÑ ÐÐÐ¢.
description: Masterâs thesis contain 55 p., 14 pic., 2 tab., 26 sources, 1 adj. Subject: Development and research of a prototype database administration system using Telegram bot. Keywords: telegram, telegram bot, bot, oracle, oracle database, api, php, oracle instant client, databases. The object of research is the methods of monitoring and remote access to Oracle database. Objective - to develop and study a prototype of a database administration system using Telegram Bot. As a result of the work, a telegram bot was developed that tracks errors in the database, notifies the administrator and allows you to send commands to eliminate them. Degree of implementation â will be using to administer Oracle databases of the chair KIT.
Il benessere e la percezione del clima scolastico nei preadolescenti
Creators: name: Modugno, Raffaele
Publisher: name: Scuola Universitaria della Svizzera Italiana (SUPSI)
Year: 2017

description: Il seguente lavoro è stato sviluppato sulla seguente domanda di ricerca: “Quale relazione esiste tra il benessere soggettivo psico-fisico del preadolescente e la sua percezione del clima scolastico?”. Per poter rispondere a tale domanda di ricerca i concetti di benessere e di clima scolastico sono stati declinati in variabili monitorabili in modo da permettere una loro misurazione. Per la raccolta dei dati è stato utilizzato il questionario Middle Years Development Instrument (MDI). Questo è stato elaborato da ricercatori canadesi della University of British Columbia e successivamente adattato, per poter essere utilizzato nel contesto ticinese, nel questionario Capire le nostre vite. Nel mese di ottobre 2016 un gruppo di ricerca costituito da docenti in formazione sul tema del benessere dei preadolescenti ha somministrato, in 11 sedi del Canton Ticino, ad un totale di 545 allievi, il questionario Capire le nostre vite. In questo lavoro, ho ritenuto significativi, per poter rispondere alla domanda di ricerca, i quesiti del questionario corrispondenti ai costrutti descriventi il concetto di benessere e il concetto di clima scolastico. Analizzando le correlazioni tra i costrutti ritenuti significativi sono riscontrabili delle dinamiche di correlazione comuni tra i costrutti descriventi gli indicatori scelti per il benessere e quelli indicanti la percezione del clima scolastico. È quindi ragionevole poter affermare che, ad una percezione positiva del clima scolastico, corrisponda un maggior benessere soggettivo nella preadolescenza. Materia: scienze dell’educazione
Towards Deciphering the Fetal Foundation of Normal Cognition and Cognitive Symptoms From Sulcation of the Cortex
Creators: name: Cachia, Arnaud
name: Borst, Grégoire
name: Jardri, Renaud
name: Raznahan, Armin
name: Murray, Graham K.
name: Mangin, Jean-François
name: Plaze, Marion
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Neuroscience
sulcation
gyrification
neurodevelopment
MRI
psychology
psychiatry

description: Growing evidence supports that prenatal processes play an important role for cognitive ability in normal and clinical conditions. In this context, several neuroimaging studies searched for features in postnatal life that could serve as a proxy for earlier developmental events. A very interesting candidate is the sulcal, or sulco-gyral, patterns, macroscopic features of the cortex anatomy related to the fold topology—e.g., continuous vs. interrupted/broken fold, present vs. absent fold-or their spatial organization. Indeed, as opposed to quantitative features of the cortical sheet (e.g., thickness, surface area or curvature) taking decades to reach the levels measured in adult, the qualitative sulcal patterns are mainly determined before birth and stable across the lifespan. The sulcal patterns therefore offer a window on the fetal constraints on specific brain areas on cognitive abilities and clinical symptoms that manifest later in life. After a global review of the cerebral cortex sulcation, its mechanisms, its ontogenesis along with methodological issues on how to measure the sulcal patterns, we present a selection of studies illustrating that analysis of the sulcal patterns can provide information on prenatal dispositions to cognition (with a focus on cognitive control and academic abilities) and cognitive symptoms (with a focus on schizophrenia and bipolar disorders). Finally, perspectives of sulcal studies are discussed.
The Effects of Diffuse Ionized Gas and Spatial Resolution on Metallicity Gradients
Creators: name: Poetrodjojo, Henry
name: None
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: The gas-phase metallicity of a galaxy is strongly affected by the processes that occur during the galaxy's evolution. Gas inflows, galaxy mergers and galactic winds are a few examples of events that alter the spatial metallicity distribution. Measuring the metallicity of a galaxy therefore leads to strong constraints on its growth and formation. With the recent emergence of large IFU galaxy surveys such as CALIFA, SAMI and MaNGA, we can begin to probe the metallicity distribution of galaxies and disentangle degeneracies using large datasets. However, contamination by the diffuse ionized gas significantly affects metallicity measurements. At the low spatial resolution scales of these large IFU surveys, HII regions can not be separated from the diffuse ionized gas, leading to systematic errors in these measurements. We use high spatial resolution data from the TYPHOON survey to separate the HII regions and the diffuse ionized gas to understand the effects of spatial resolution and diffuse ionized gas contamination on measured metallicity gradients. We find that at resolutions exceeding 1 kiloparsec, the spatial resolution of several large IFU surveys, it is impossible to retrieve the true metallicity gradient due to DIG contamination.
Compagni e avversari: tipo di relazioni tra allievi ed emozioni provate in attività di contatto fisico
Creators: name: Hiltbrand, Michele
Publisher: name: Scuola Universitaria della Svizzera Italiana (SUPSI)
Year: 2016

description: La ricerca tratta delle emozioni nelle attività di contatto fisico (tema di ricerca dei formatori di educazione fisica). Lo scopo del lavoro è di capire quali emozioni provano gli allievi in diversi tipi di attività, dove varia il tipo di rapporto con i compagni. Il quadro teorico si riferisce principalmente a Parlebas P. (1997) per ciò che concerne la classificazione delle attività motorie e a Debois N. (2012, in riferimento a Lazarus: 1991) riguardo alle emozioni prese in considerazione. Inoltre sono stati consultati altri libri, articoli, siti internet, ricerche e piani di studio per completare il lavoro di ricerca. Sono state proposte tre lezioni, dove gli allievi svolgono tre diversi tipi di attività con contatto fisico. Ciò che differenzia le attività, è il rapporto con i compagni: nella prima lezione sono solo avversari (A), poi solo partner (P) e nell’ultima sono sia partner che avversari (PA). A fine attività gli allievi compilano un questionario sulle emozioni provate nell’attività. Grazi ai dati raccolti, si cerca di capire attraverso un’analisi quantitativa, quali sono le differenze tra le emozioni suscitate dalle diverse attività. Grazie alla ricerca abbiamo potuto osservare che le emozioni provate dagli allievi non dipendono in maniera rilevante dal tipo di attività; ma si costata che le attività con solo partner (P) suscitano negli allievi emozioni “positive” un po’ più intense rispetto alle attività con avversari (A, PA). Relatore: Francesco Canuti. Materia: educazione fisica
“It will be everyone’s secret; he won’t tell, and I won’t tell” : the impact of HIV diagnosis on serodiscordant couples
Creators: name: Onochie, Kaosisochukwu Chinyelu
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2021

description: Anti-retroviral therapy (ART) and oral pre-exposure (PrEP) have proven effective in the prevention of HIV. As Tanzania begins a nationwide scale-up of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with a focus on key populations including couples with different HIV status, described as serodiscordant, we seek to understand the perceived effects of PrEP and early ART on facets of serodiscordant relationships. Additionally, given the gender disparities that contribute to women’s increased risk of HIV infection, this paper will also examine female partners’ decision-making related to HIV testing and partner dynamics post-testing. Using a social constructivist grounded theory paradigm, 44 in-depth interviews conducted during the Dyadic-based Diagnosis, Care and Prevention (DDCP) study in Kisarawe, Tanzania were analysed. Content analysis was employed alongside metaphor analysis and case study analysis to create a contextual, animated yet distinctive, and holistic understanding of the experiences of serodiscordant couples. The findings of the study reveal that when there is disclosure of HIV status to the partner, there is a general feeling of closeness by both partners; however, most participants indicated being more comfortable disclosing to specific family members than partners. Analyses also found that participants were interested in PrEP as a substitute for condom use; some having expressed that PrEP will return their sexual interactions to a semblance of normality. Case study analysis showed that most female participants, regardless of their HIV status, would get tested alone if their partner refused to get tested together. There was also a general consensus on the unfaithfulness of male partners, and for some female participants this led to the breakdown of the relationship whilst others chose to live in peace. The study shows that couples testing is a crucial intervention that may promote better quality of serodiscordant relationships. Including family members and communities in conversations about HIV testing, care and treatment, can engender a more informed support network that promote early ART/PrEP adherence and more stable serodiscordant relationships. Better guidelines that are informed by and accommodate the interests and experiences of serodiscordant couples need to be developed to improve and inform patient-centred care.
New evidence for (and against) maintenance-mode AGN feedback at z=0-1
Creators: name: Barisic, Ivana
name: None
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: We explore evidence for maintenance-mode feedback in non-starforming (quiescent) galaxies through the incidence of radio-loud AGN, both at low and high redshift (z~1). Drawing from SDSS, FIRST and NVSS we construct a sample of radio-loud AGN at z~0.1 and find that these prefer hosts with intrinsically round shapes even at a fixed stellar velocity dispersion (i.e., black-hole mass). Since the majority of quiescent galaxies are relatively flat (i,e, disk-like) this result raises important questions: is maintenance-mode feedback a generally valid explanation for quiescence; and, if so, how does that feedback avoid manifesting as a radio-loud AGN at least in disk-like quiescent galaxies? We extend this work to z~1 by constructing a sample of radio-loud AGN from the spectroscopic LEGA-C survey with VLT/VIMOS and the VLA-COSMOS 3 GHz Project. We find that radio-loud AGN preferentially reside in galaxies with large stellar velocity dispersions and round shapes even though the sample is too small to confirm a significant dependence on flattening. We also find that even at z~1 the host galaxies have old stellar populations, much older than the life times of radio AGN; these AGN are not responsible for quenching star formation, and the observations are consistent with radio-AGN `switching on' roughly every Gyr to provide the type of maintenance mode feedback that is implemented in all galaxy formation models to prevent excessive star formation in massive galaxies.
Conserved current for the Cotton tensor, black hole entropy and equivariant Pontryagin forms
Creators: name: Pérez, Roberto Ferreiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Chern-Simons lagrangian density in the space of metrics of a 3-dimensional manifold M is not invariant under the action of diffeomorphisms on M. However, its Euler-Lagrange operator can be identified with the Cotton tensor, which is invariant under diffeomorphims. As the lagrangian is not invariant, Noether Theorem cannot be applied to obtain conserved currents. We show that it is possible to obtain an equivariant conserved current for the Cotton tensor by using the first equivariant Pontryagin form on the bundle of metrics. Finally we define a hamiltonian current which gives the contribution of the Chern-Simons term to the black hole entropy, energy and angular momentum.
description: 13 pages
Ab-initio Study of Size and Strain Effects on the Electronic Properties of Si Nanowires
Creators: name: Peng, Xihong
name: Alizadeh, Azar
name: Kumar, Sanat K.
name: Nayak, Saroj K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have applied density-functional theory (DFT) based calculations to investigate the size and strain effects on the electronic properties, such as band structures, energy gaps, and effective masses of the electron and the hole, in Si nanowires along the <110> direction with diameters up to 5 nm. Under uniaxial strain, we find the band gap varies with strain and this variation is size dependent. For the 1 ~ 2 nm wire, the band gap is a linear function of strain, while for the 2 ~ 4 nm wire the gap variation with strain shows nearly parabolic behavior. This size dependence of the gap variation with strain is explained on the basis of orbital characters of the band edges. In addition we find that the expansive strain increases the effective mass of the hole, while compressive strain increases the effective mass of the electron. The study of size and strain effects on effective masses shows that effective masses of the electron and the hole can be reduced by tuning the diameter of the wire and applying appropriate strain.
description: 2 tables, 9 figures
Extreme Feedback and the Epoch of Reionization: Clues in the Local Universe
Creators: name: Heckman, Timothy M.
name: Borthakur, Sanchayeeta
name: Overzier, Roderik
name: Kauffmann, Guinevere
name: Basu-Zych, Antara
name: Leitherer, Claus
name: Sembach, Ken
name: Martin, D. Chris
name: Rich, R. Michael
name: Schiminovich, David
name: Seibert, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The source responsible for reionizing the universe at z > 6 remains uncertain. While an energetically adequate population of star-forming galaxies may be in place, it is unknown whether a large enough fraction of their ionizing radiation can escape into the intergalactic medium. Attempts to measure this escape-fraction in intensely star-forming galaxies at lower redshifts have largely yielded upper limits. In this paper we present new HST COS and archival FUSE far-UV spectroscopy of a sample of eleven Lyman Break Analogs (LBAs), a rare population of local galaxies that strongly resemble the high-z Lyman Break galaxies. We combine these data with SDSS optical spectra and Spitzer photometry. We also analyze archival FUSE observations of fifteen typical UV-bright local starbursts. We find evidence of small covering factors for optically-thick neutral gas in 3 cases. This is based on two independent pieces of evidence: a significant residual intensity in the cores of the strongest interstellar absorption-lines tracing neutral gas and a small ratio of extinction-corrected H-alpha to UV plus far-IR luminosities. These objects represent three of the four LBAs that contain a young, very compact (~100pc), and highly massive (~10^9 Mo) dominant central object (DCO). These three objects also differ from the other galaxies in showing a significant amount of blueshifted Ly-alpha emission, which may be related to the low covering factor of neutral gas. All four LBAs with DCOs in our sample show extremely high velocity outflows of interstellar gas, with line centroids blueshifted by about 700km/s and maximum outflow velocities reaching at least 1500km/s. We show that these properties are consistent with an outflow driven by a powerful starburst that is exceptionally compact. We speculate that such extreme feedback may be required to enable the escape of ionizing radiation from star forming galaxies.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. 14 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables