cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Water Ice Cloud Variability & Multi-Epoch Transmission Spectra of TRAPPIST-1e
Creators: name: May, E. M.
name: Taylor, J.
name: Komacek, T. D.
name: Line, M. R.
name: Parmentier, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The precise characterization of terrestrial atmospheres with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is one of the utmost goals of exoplanet astronomy in the next decade. With JWST's impending launch, it is crucial we are well prepared to understand the subtleties of terrestrial atmospheres - particularly ones we may have not needed to consider before due to instrumentation limitations. In this work we show that patchy ice cloud variability is present in the upper atmospheres of M-dwarf terrestrial planets, particularly along the limbs. Here we test whether these variable clouds will introduce unexpected biases in the multi-epoch observations necessary to constrain atmospheric abundances. Using 3D ExoCAM general circulation models (GCMs) of TRAPPIST-1e, we simulate five different climates with varying pCO$_2$ to explore the strength of this variability. These models are post-processed using NASA Goddard's Planetary Spectrum Generator (PSG) and PandExo to generate simulated observations with JWST's NIRSpec PRISM mode at 365 different temporal outputs from each climate. Assuming the need for 10 transits of TRAPPIST-1e to detect molecular features at great confidence, we then use CHIMERA to retrieve on several randomly selected weighted averages of our simulated observations to explore the effect of multi-epoch observations with variable cloud cover along the limb on retrieved abundances. We find that the variable spectra do not affect retrieved abundances at detectable levels for our sample of TRAPPIST-1e models.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures. Accepted to ApJL
Applied education in the central province of Kenya : a survey of the adequacy of facilities and teacher characteristics
Creators: name: Mukora, James Ngugi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This survey study identified the extent of the availability of resources related to the teaching and learning of seven out of fourteen applied education subjects offered in 125 secondary schools in the Central Province of Kenya. Data were collected through complimentary teacher and headteacher questionnaires completed by one applied education teacher from each school and the headteacher of that school. Factors studied were physical facilities, instructional materials, teacher characteristics, and pedagogical areas offered among the schools. The results showed that the quantity and quality of most of the available resources were, to say the least, unsatisfactory. Furthermore, the level of adequacy varied considerably from one school to the other, irrespective of whether the schools in question offered the same or different subject areas. Similarly, the diversity of subject areas offered among these schools was limited. Eight recommendations were made for improving student accessibility to adequate applied education resources.
title: Multi-Person Localization Based on a Thermopile Array Sensor with Machine Learning and a Generative Data Model
Creators: name: Klir, Stefan
name: Lerch, Julian
name: Benkner, Simon
name: Khanh, Tran Quoc
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2025

description: Thermopile sensor arrays provide a sufficient counterbalance between person detection and localization while preserving privacy through low resolution. The latter is especially important in the context of smart building automation applications. Current research has shown that there are two machine learning-based algorithms that are particularly prominent for general object detection: You Only Look Once (YOLOv5) and Detection Transformer (DETR). Over the course of this paper, both algorithms are adapted to localize people in 32 × 32-pixel thermal array images. The drawbacks in precision due to the sparse amount of labeled data were counteracted with a novel generative image generator (IIG). This generator creates synthetic thermal frames from the sparse amount of available labeled data. Multiple robustness tests were performed during the evaluation process to determine the overall usability of the aforementioned algorithms as well as the advantage of the image generator. Both algorithms provide a high mean average precision (mAP) exceeding 98%. They also prove to be robust against disturbances of warm air streams, sun radiation, the replacement of the sensor with an equal type sensor, new persons, cold objects, movements along the image frame border and people standing still. However, the precision decreases for persons wearing thick layers of clothes, such as winter clothing, or in scenarios where the number of present persons exceeds the number of persons the algorithm was trained on. In summary, both algorithms are suitable for detection and localization purposes, although YOLOv5m has the advantage in real-time image processing capabilities, accompanied by a smaller model size and slightly higher precision.
Trade Costs, FDI incentives, and the Intensity of Price Competition
Creators: name: Gori, Giuseppe Francesco
name: Lambertini, Luca
name: Tampieri, Alessandro
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: SECS-P/01 Economia politica

description: Empirical evidence shows that an increase in trade liberalisation causes an increase in foreign direct investments (FDIs). Here we propose an explanation to this apparent puzzle by exploiting the intensity of competition in a Bertrand duopoly with convex costs where
the two firms enter in a new market. We adopt Dastidar's (1995) approach, delivering a continuum of Bertrand-Nash equilibria ranging above marginal cost pricing, to show that softening competition may indeed more than offset the standard effect generated by trade costs,
thereby leading to a positive relationship between trade liberalisation and FDIs.
On price competition with market share delegation contracts
Creators: name: Lambertini, Luca
name: Kopel, Michael
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: SECS-P/01 Economia politica

description: We identify a mistake in the specification of the demand system used in the strategic delegation model based on market shares by Jansen et al. (2007), whereby the price remains above marginal cost when goods are homogeneous. After amending this aspect, we perform a profit comparison with the alternative delegation scheme à la
Fershtman and Judd (1987)
The Gravitino and the Swampland
Creators: name: Cribiori, Niccolò
name: Lust, Dieter
name: Scalisi, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new swampland conjecture stating that the limit of vanishing gravitino mass corresponds to the massless limit of an infinite tower of states and to the consequent breakdown of the effective field theory. We test our proposal in large classes of models coming from compactification of string theory to four dimensions, where we identify the Kaluza-Klein nature of the tower of states becoming light. We point out a general relation between the gravitino mass and abelian gauge coupling in models with extended supersymmetry, which can survive also in examples with minimal supersymmetry. This allows us to connect our conjecture to other well established swampland conjectures, such as the weak gravity conjecture or the absence of global symmetries in quantum gravity. We discuss phenomenological implications of our conjecture in (quasi-)de Sitter backgrounds and extract a lower bound for the gravitino mass in terms of the Hubble parameter.
description: 43 pages including 2 appendices, 1 figure; v2: figure, minor clarifications, note and refs added; v3: minor typos fixed. JHEP version
An infrared study of Galactic OH/IR stars. III. Variability properties of the Arecibo sample
Creators: name: Jiménez-Esteban, F. M.
name: Engels, D.
name: Aguado, D. S.
name: González, J. B.
name: García-Lario, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a near-infrared (NIR) monitoring program carried out between 1999 and 2005 to determine the variability properties of the Arecibo sample of OH/IR stars. The sample consists of 385 IRAS-selected Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) candidates, for which their O-rich chemistry has been proven by the detection of 1612 MHz OH maser emission. The monitoring data was complemented by data collected from public optical and NIR surveys. We fitted the light curves obtained in the optical and NIR bands with a model using an asymmetric cosine function, and derived a period for 345 sources (90% of the sample). Based on their variability properties, most of the Arecibo sources are classified as long-period large-amplitude variable stars (LPLAV), 4% as (candidate) post-AGB stars, and 3% remain unclassified although they are likely post-AGB stars or highly obscured AGB stars. The period distribution of the LPLAVs peaks at 400 days, with periods between 300 and 800 days for most of the sources, and has a long tail up to 2100 days. Typically, the amplitudes are between 1 and 3 mag in the NIR and between 2 and 6 mag in the optical. We find correlations between periods and amplitudes, with larger amplitudes associated to longer periods, as well as between the period and the infrared colours, with the longer periods linked to the redder sources. Among the post-AGB stars, the light curve of IRAS 19566+3423 was exceptional, showing a large systematic increase in K-band brightness over 7 years.
description: Published in MNRAS
Role of thermal field in entanglement harvesting between two accelerated Unruh-DeWitt detectors
Creators: name: Barman, Dipankar
name: Barman, Subhajit
name: Majhi, Bibhas Ranjan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effects of field temperature $T^{(f)}$ on the entanglement harvesting between two uniformly accelerated detectors. For their parallel motion, the thermal nature of fields does not produce any entanglement, and therefore, the outcome is the same as the non-thermal situation. On the contrary, $T^{(f)}$ affects entanglement harvesting when the detectors are in anti-parallel motion, i.e., when detectors $A$ and $B$ are in the right and left Rindler wedges, respectively. While for $T^{(f)}=0$ entanglement harvesting is possible for all values of $A$'s acceleration $a_A$, in the presence of temperature, it is possible only within a narrow range of $a_A$. In $(1+1)$ dimensions, the range starts from specific values and extends to infinity, and as we increase $T^{(f)}$, the minimum required value of $a_A$ for entanglement harvesting increases. Moreover, above a critical value $a_A=a_c$ harvesting increases as we increase $T^{(f)}$, which is just opposite to the accelerations below it. There are several critical values in $(1+3)$ dimensions when they are in different accelerations. Contrary to the single range in $(1+1)$ dimensions, here harvesting is possible within several discrete ranges of $a_A$. Interestingly, for equal accelerations, one has a single critical point, with nature quite similar to $(1+1)$ dimensional results. We also discuss the dependence of mutual information among these detectors on $a_A$ and $T^{(f)}$.
description: Modified version, to appear in JHEP
New experimental $^{23}$Na($α,p$)$^{26}$Mg Reaction Rate for Massive Star and Type-Ia Supernova models
Creators: name: Hubbard, N. J.
name: Diget, C. Aa.
name: Fox, S. P.
name: Fynbo, H. O. U.
name: Howard, A. M.
name: Kirsebom, O. S.
name: Laird, A. M.
name: Munch, M.
name: Parikh, A.
name: Pignatari, M.
name: Tomlinson, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $^{23}$Na($α,p$)$^{26}$Mg reaction has been identified as having a significant impact on the nucleosynthesis of several nuclei between Ne and Ti in type-Ia supernovae, and of $^{23}$Na and $^{26}$Al in massive stars. The reaction has been subjected to renewed experimental interest recently, motivated by high uncertainties in early experimental data and in the statistical Hauser-Feshbach models used in reaction rate compilations. Early experiments were affected by target deterioration issues and unquantifiable uncertainties. Three new independent measurements instead are utilizing inverse kinematics and Rutherford scattering monitoring to resolve this. In this work we present directly measured angular distributions of the emitted protons to eliminate a discrepancy in the assumptions made in the recent reaction rate measurements, which results in cross sections differing by a factor of 3. We derive a new combined experimental reaction rate for the $^{23}$Na($α,p$)$^{26}$Mg reaction with a total uncertainty of 30% at relevant temperatures. Using our new $^{23}$Na($α,p$)$^{26}$Mg rate, the $^{26}$Al and $^{23}$Na production uncertainty is reduced to within 8%. In comparison, using the factor of 10 uncertainty previously recommended by the rate compilation STARLIB, $^{26}$Al and $^{23}$Na production was changing by more than a factor of 2. In type-Ia supernova conditions, the impact on production of $^{23}$Na is constrained to within 15%.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables
Hiperfosfatemia en la enfermedad renal crónica: incrementar la excreción renal de fósforo tal vez sea la clave para su tratamiento
Creators: name: Revista Colombiana De Nefrologia
name: Musso, Carlos G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 110312 Nephrology and Urology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Tal como Garcia Ospina y col., Lo explican en su excelente artículo titulado “Importancia de la hiperfosfatemia en la enfermedad renal crónica, cómo evitarla y tratarla por medidas nutricionales ”, una adecuada dieta constituye uno de los pilares terapéuticos fundamentales contra el exceso sérico de fósforo en los pacientes portadores de insuficiencia renal crónica. Asimismo, cabe recordar que otras estrategias complementarias para el tratamiento de la hiperfosfatemia son
Complete synchronization of convective patterns between Gray-Scott systems
Creators: name: Izús, Gonzalo G.
name: Deza, Roberto R.
name: Bernal, Luis
name: Pérez-Villar, Vicente
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two identical 1D autocatalytic systems with Gray--Scott kinetics--driven towards convectively unstable regimes and submitted to independent spatiotemporal Gaussian white noises--are coupled unidirectionally, but otherwise linearly. Numerical simulation then reveals that (even when perturbed by noise) the slave system replicates the convective patterns arising in the master one to a very high degree of precision, as indicated by several measures of synchronization.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, uses edp-jp4.cls. Invited talk at the Workshop on "\emph{Complex Systems: New Trends and Expectations}'', Santander (Spain) 5-9 June 2006. To appear in The European Physical Journal Special Topics, Vol. 143 "Trends and Expectations in Complex Systems Science'', Eds. H. S. Wio, L. Pesquera and M. A. Rodr\'{\i}guez
Testing the Gravitational Pull Hypothesis on modal verbs expressing obligation and necessity in Catalan through the COVALT corpus
Creators: name: Marco, Josep
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/stan1289

description: This chapter aims to test Halverson’s Gravitational Pull Hypothesis (GPH) on the Catalan modal verb caldre. Data from two comparable parallel sub-corpora from the COVALT corpus (English-Catalan and French-Catalan) are used to that end. However, caldre only serves as a starting point for hypothesis formulation and data analysis, as it is part of the wider network of modal verbs and verbal periphrases
 conveying obligation or necessity in Catalan. On the basis of networks of obligation and necessity in Catalan, English and French, three hypotheses are put forward: 1) caldre will be under-represented in the English-Catalan subcorpus when compared to Catalan non-translations; 2) caldre will be either over- or under-represented in the French-Catalan sub-corpus when compared to Catalan non-translations; and
 3) caldre will be significantly more frequent in the French-Catalan than in the English-Catalan sub-corpus. Results confirm hypotheses 1 and 3, and for hypothesis 2 the scales are tipped in favour of over-representation, mainly as a result of strong connectivity between caldre and its French source text triggers. Connectivity, in the present study, seems to be favoured by formal similarity, which comes
 in two forms: syntactic isomorphism and phonological/graphological similarity
Static Screening and Delocalization Effects in the Hubbard-Anderson Model
Creators: name: Henseler, P.
name: Kroha, J.
name: Shapiro, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the suppression of electron localization due to the screening of disorder in a Hubbard-Anderson model. We focus on the change of the electron localization length at the Fermi level within a static picture, where interactions are absorbed into the redefinition of the random on-site energies. Two different approximations are presented, either one yielding a nonmonotonic dependence of the localization length on the interaction strength, with a pronounced maximum at an intermediate interaction strength. In spite of its simplicity, our approach is in good agreement with recent numerical results.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. B, journal version
Temperature effects on quantum cloning of states and entanglement
Creators: name: Baghbanzadeh, S.
name: Rezakhani, A. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Performances of the symmetric universal and phase-covariant cloning transformations and entanglement cloners -- qubit case -- are investigated when the initial state of the hardware or the original state to be cloned is weakly coupled to a thermal environment. Different behaviors of each of these transformations are analyzed and contrasted with the ideal cases.
A fast and precise methodology to search for and analyse strongly lensed gravitational-wave events
Creators: name: Janquart, Justin
name: Hannuksela, Otto A.
name: K., Haris
name: Broeck, Chris Van Den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational waves, like light, can be gravitationally lensed by massive astrophysical objects such as galaxies and galaxy clusters. Strong gravitational-wave lensing, forecasted at a reasonable rate in ground-based gravitational-wave detectors such as Advanced LIGO, Advanced Virgo, and KAGRA, produces multiple images separated in time by minutes to months. These images appear as repeated events in the detectors: gravitational-wave pairs, triplets, or quadruplets with identical frequency evolution originating from the same sky location. To search for these images, we need to, in principle, analyze all viable combinations of individual events present in the gravitational-wave catalogs. An increasingly pressing problem is that the number of candidate pairs that we need to analyse grows rapidly with the increasing number of single-event detections. At design sensitivity, one may have as many as $\mathcal O(10^5)$ event pairs to consider. To meet the ever-increasing computational requirements, we develop a fast and precise Bayesian methodology to analyse strongly lensed event pairs, enabling future searches. The methodology works by replacing the prior used in the analysis of one strongly lensed gravitational-wave image by the posterior of another image; the computation is then further sped up by a pre-computed lookup table. We demonstrate how the methodology can be applied to any number of lensed images, enabling fast studies of strongly lensed quadruplets.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Aethina Tumida! Cosa facciamo in Calabria
Creators: name: Artese Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Aethina tumida
Apiculture

description: Presentation at the Congress on Aethina tumida, organized by the University of Teramo, in collaboration with IZSAM, Scientific Veterinary Society of Apiculture and Region Abruzzo, held in Teramo on the 22th of May 2019
Superfluidity of fermions with repulsive on-site interaction in an anisotropic optical lattice near a Feshbach resonance
Creators: name: Wang, B.
name: Duan, L. -M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a numerical study on ground state properties of a one-dimensional (1D) general Hubbard model (GHM) with particle-assisted tunnelling rates and repulsive on-site interaction (positive-U), which describes fermionic atoms in an anisotropic optical lattice near a wide Feshbach resonance. For our calculation, we utilize the time evolving block decimation (TEBD) algorithm, which is an extension of the density matrix renormalization group and provides a well-controlled method for 1D systems. We show that the positive-U GHM, when hole-doped from half-filling, exhibits a phase with coexistence of quasi-long-range superfluid and charge-density-wave orders. This feature is different from the property of the conventional Hubbard model with positive-U, indicating the particle-assisted tunnelling mechanism in GHM brings in qualitatively new physics.
description: updated with published version;
Large Gauge Hierarchy in Gauge-Higgs Unification
Creators: name: Takenaga, Kazunori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a five dimensional nonsupersymmetric SU(3) gauge theory compactified on $M^4\times S^1/Z_2$. The gauge hierarchy is discussed in the scenario of the gauge-Higgs unification. We present two models in which the large gauge hierarchy is realized, that is, the weak scale is naturally is obtained from an unique large scale such as a GUT and the Planck scale. We also study the Higgs mass in each model.
description: 7 pages. Proceeding for SCGT 2006 (Nagoya, JAPAN, Nov. 2006)
Effect of Van Hove singularities on Shiba states in two-dimensional $s$-wave superconductors
Creators: name: Uldemolins, Mateo
name: Mesaros, Andrej
name: Simon, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic impurities in a superconductor induce Yu-Shiba-Rusinov (YSR) states inside the superconducting gap, whose energy depends on the strength of the coupling to the impurity and on the density of states (DOS) at the Fermi level. We consider DOS exhibiting a logarithmic or a power-law divergence at the Fermi level due to Van Hove singularities (VHS) and high-order Van Hove singularities (HOVHS), respectively. We find that the energy of the YSR states has the same functional form as in the constant DOS scenario, with the effect of the singularity being an enhancement of the effective coupling constants. In particular, the critical magnetic coupling strength at which the Shiba transition occurs is always lowered by a factor $1/ρ(Δ/E_{\mathrm{c}}$), where $Δ$ is the superconducting gap, $E_{\mathrm{c}}$ is the bandwidth, and $ρ(E)$ is the factor in DOS which diverges at $E=0$ for a VHS or HOVHS. Further, since the critical magnetic coupling is significantly reduced, a new regime becomes accessible where the transition point is controlled by the non-magnetic coupling constant. Interestingly, the slope of the Shiba energy curve at the Shiba transition is independent of impurity parameters and purely reflects the band structure. Additionally, we find that our main conclusions remain valid even when the Fermi level is not precisely tuned to the Van Hove singularity, but instead lies on an energy range of order the superconducting gap. Our results show that tuning a superconducting material towards a VHS or HOVHS enhances the possibilities for engineering YSR states, and for characterizing the superconductor itself.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
The internationalized text and its localized variations: A parallel analysis of blurbs localized from English into Arabic and French
Creators: name: Madiha Kassawat
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/stan1293
subject: https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/stan1290
subject: https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/arab1395

description: In an increasingly globalized world, accessibility to digital content has become indispensable for people around the world. This accessibility would not be possible without translation which plays an important role in linguistic and cultural mediation, as well as in marketing. As the majority of products is promoted for and sold on the internet, their web pages are often localized based on the market, including the language and the culture. The required speed in this type of work, its tools and process play a remarkable role which influences the quality of the localized texts. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze these texts, explore the different interpretations of a text in several languages and cultures, and the adaptation level which should convince the consumer to purchase the product. This pilot study is an attempt to compare the product descriptions provided in English and localized into Arabic and several French versions. The results show the relationship between the international text and the localized texts on the linguistic and cultural levels.
Additional file 1 of Treatment preferences amongst physical therapists and chiropractors for the management of neck pain: results of an international survey
Creators: name: Carlesso, Lisa C
name: MacDermid, Joy C
name: Gross, Anita R
name: Walton, David M
name: Santaguida, P Lina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Authors’ original file for figure 1
Wie neu sind die Neuen Sozialen Bewegungen? Revisionistische Bemerkungen vor dem Hintergrund der umwelthistorischen Forschung
Creators: name: Uekötter, Frank
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2015

description: This essay discusses the notion of "new social movements" with regard to environmental issues. Going back to discussions about air pollution problems in the late 19th century, it shows that the current notion that associations in this field are a recent phenomenon is in large part due to a narrow focus on Germany. The essay discusses the differences between the
USA, where an active, well-organized movement of upper-dass citizens pushed towards a solution of pollution problems, and Germany, where civic activism was low. In the second part of the artide, the essay shows how these traditions merged into current environmentalism, showing that the green movement is rooted much deeper in history than it is commonly thought. Notwithstanding significant differences in rhetoric and protest, the new groups that became a permanent presence in pollution discussions already in the 1950s were linked to earlier forms of protest in a number of respects. The essay closes with some reflections on how this changes conventional interpretations of the "new social movements".
description: Moving the Social, Vol 31 (2004): Forschungen und Forschungsberichte
Variations in 24 micron morphologies among galaxies in the Spitzer Infrared Nearby Galaxies Survey: New insights into the Hubble sequence
Creators: name: Bendo, G. J.
name: Calzetti, D.
name: Engelbracht, C. W.
name: Kennicutt,, R. C.
name: Meyer, M. J.
name: Thornley, M. D.
name: Walter, F.
name: Dale, D. A.
name: Li, A.
name: Murphy, E. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To study the distribution of star formation and dust emission within nearby galaxies, we measured five morphological parameters in the 3.6 and 24 micron wave bands for 65 galaxies in the Spitzer Infrared Nearby Galaxies Survey (SINGS) and 8 galaxies that were serendipitously observed by SINGS. The morphological parameters demonstrate strong variations along the Hubble sequence, including statistically significant differences between S0/a-Sab and Sc-Sd galaxies. Early-type galaxies are generally found to be compact, centralized, symmetric sources in the 24 micron band, while late-type galaxies are generally found to be extended, asymmetric sources. These results suggest that the processes that increase the real or apparent sizes of galaxies' bulges also lead to more centralized 24 micron dust emission. Several phenomena, such as strong nuclear star formation, Seyfert activity, or outer ring structures, may cause galaxies to deviate from the general morphological trends observed at 24 microns. We also note that the 24 micron morphologies of Sdm-Im galaxies are quite varied, with some objects appearing very compact and symmetric while others appear diffuse and asymmetric. These variations reflect the wide variation in star formation in irregular galaxies as observed at other wavelengths. The variations in the 24 micron morphological parameters across the Hubble sequence mirror many of the morphological trends seen in other tracers of the ISM and in stellar emission. However, the 24 micron morphological parameters for the galaxies in this sample do not match the morphological parameters measured in the stellar wave bands. This implies that the distribution of dust emission is related to but not equivalent to the distribution of stellar emission.
description: Accepted for publication in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Self-organized metal nanostructures through laser driven thermocapillary convection
Creators: name: Favazza, C.
name: Trice, J.
name: Kalyanaraman, R.
name: Sureshkumar, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When ultrathin metal films are subjected to multiple cycles of rapid melting and resolidification by a ns pulsed laser, spatially correlated interfacial nanostructures can result from a competition among several possible thin film self-organizing processes. Here we investigate self-organization and the ensuing length scales when Co films (1-8 nm thick) on SiO_{\text{2}} surfaces are repeatedly and rapidly melted by non-uniform (interference) laser irradiation. Pattern evolution produces nanowires, which eventually break-up into nanoparticles exhibiting spatial order in the nearest neighbor spacing, λ_{NN2}.The scaling behavior is consistent with pattern formation by thermocapillary flow and a Rayleigh-like instability. For h_{0}\leq2 nm, a hydrodynamic instability of a spinodally unstable film leads to the formation of nanoparticles.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Star formation scaling relations at ~100 pc from PHANGS: Impact of completeness and spatial scale
Creators: name: Pessa, I.
name: Schinnerer, E.
name: Belfiore, F.
name: Emsellem, E.
name: Leroy, A. K.
name: Schruba, A.
name: Kruijssen, J. M. D.
name: Pan, H. -A.
name: Blanc, G. A.
name: Sanchez-Blazquez, P.
name: Bigiel, F.
name: Chevance, M.
name: Congiu, E.
name: Dale, D.
name: Faesi, C. M.
name: Glover, S. C. O.
name: Grasha, K.
name: Groves, B.
name: Ho, I.
name: Jiménez-Donaire, M.
name: Klessen, R.
name: Kreckel, K.
name: Koch, E. W.
name: Liu, D.
name: Meidt, S.
name: Pety, J.
name: Querejeta, M.
name: Rosolowsky, E.
name: Saito, T.
name: Santoro, F.
name: Sun, J.
name: Usero, A.
name: Watkins, E. J.
name: Williams, T. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: The complexity of star formation at the physical scale of molecular clouds is not yet fully understood. We investigate the mechanisms regulating the formation of stars in different environments within nearby star-forming galaxies from the PHANGS sample. Methods: Integral field spectroscopic data and radio-interferometric observations of 18 galaxies were combined to explore the existence of the resolved star formation main sequence (rSFMS), resolved Kennicutt-Schmidt relation (rKS), and resolved molecular gas main sequence (rMGMS), and we derived their slope and scatter at spatial resolutions from 100 pc to 1 kpc (under various assumptions). Results: All three relations were recovered at the highest spatial resolution (100 pc). Furthermore, significant variations in these scaling relations were observed across different galactic environments. The exclusion of non-detections has a systematic impact on the inferred slope as a function of the spatial scale. Finally, the scatter of the $Σ_\mathrm{mol. gas + stellar}$ versus $Σ_\mathrm{SFR}$ correlation is smaller than that of the rSFMS, but higher than that found for the rKS. Conclusions: The rMGMS has the tightest relation at a spatial scale of 100 pc (scatter of 0.34 dex), followed by the rKS (0.41 dex) and then the rSFMS (0.51 dex). This is consistent with expectations from the timescales involved in the evolutionary cycle of molecular clouds. Surprisingly, the rKS shows the least variation across galaxies and environments, suggesting a tight link between molecular gas and subsequent star formation. The scatter of the three relations decreases at lower spatial resolutions, with the rKS being the tightest (0.27 dex) at a spatial scale of 1 kpc. Variation in the slope of the rSFMS among galaxies is partially due to different detection fractions of $Σ_\mathrm{SFR}$ with respect to $Σ_\mathrm{stellar}$.
description: 27 pages, 29 figures, Accepted in A&A
Die Bürde der Globalisierung? Arbeiterbewegung und neue soziale Bewegungen vor den Herausforderungen der Globalisierung Konferenzbericht der 39. Linzer ITH-Tagung, September 2003
Creators: name: Mittag, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2015

description: This is the contribution "Die Bürde der Globalisierung? Arbeiterbewegung und neue soziale Bewegungen vor den Herausforderungen der Globalisierung Konferenzbericht der 39. Linzer ITH-Tagung, September 2003" of MTS 31 (2004).
description: Moving the Social, Vol 31 (2004): Forschungen und Forschungsberichte
A stellar mass dependence of structured disks: a possible link with exoplanet demographics
Creators: name: van der Marel, Nienke
name: Mulders, Gijs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gaps in protoplanetary disks have long been hailed as signposts of planet formation. However, a direct link between exoplanets and disks remains hard to identify. We present a large sample study of ALMA disk surveys of nearby star-forming regions to disentangle this connection. All disks are classified as either structured (transition, ring, extended) or non-structured (compact) disks. Although low-resolution observations may not identify large scale substructure, we assume that an extended disk must contain substructure from a dust evolution argument. A comparison across ages reveals that structured disks retain high dust masses up to at least 10 Myr, whereas the dust mass of compact, non-structured disks decreases over time. This can be understood if the dust mass evolves primarily by radial drift, unless drift is prevented by pressure bumps. We identify a stellar mass dependence of the fraction of structured disks. We propose a scenario linking this dependence with that of giant exoplanet occurrence rates. We show that there are enough exoplanets to account for the observed disk structures if transitional disks are created by exoplanets more massive than Jupiter, and ring disks by exoplanets more massive than Neptune, under the assumption that most of those planets eventually migrate inwards. On the other hand, the known anti-correlation between transiting super-Earths and stellar mass implies those planets must form in the disks without observed structure, consistent with formation through pebble accretion in drift-dominated disks. These findings support an evolutionary scenario where the early formation of giant planets determines the disk's dust evolution and its observational appearance.
description: Accepted by AJ. 24 pages, 16 figures. YouTube presentation (~20 minutes) on results here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Csr6IwrC67E
Correlation in single-photon experiments
Creators: name: Varro, Sandor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Correlations of detection events in photodetectors placed at the opposite sides of a beam splitter are studied in the frame of classical probability theory. It is assumed that there is always one photon present during one elementary measurement (one measurement act). Due to the conservation of energy, thereis a strict anticorrelation in detections in one elementary experiment, because the photon cannot excite both of the detectors at the same time. It is explicitely shown in several examples that the bunching or anti-bunching of the counts in serieses of elementary single-photon experiments are governed by the statistical properties of grouping the sequences of the elementary measurements.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure
An Optical Source Catalog of the North Ecliptic Pole Region
Creators: name: Hwang, Narae
name: Lee, Myung Gyoon
name: Lee, Hyung Mok
name: Im, Myungshin
name: Kim, Taehyun
name: Matsuhara, Hideo
name: Wada, Takehiko
name: Oyabu, Shinki
name: Pak, Soojong
name: Chun, Moo-Young
name: Watarai, Hidenori
name: Nakagawa, Takao
name: Pearson, Chris
name: Takagi, Toshinobu
name: Hanami, Hitoshi
name: White, Glenn J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a five (u*,g',r',i',z') band optical photometry catalog of the sources in the North Ecliptic Pole (NEP) region based on deep observations made with MegaCam at CFHT. The source catalog covers about 2 square degree area centered at the NEP and reaches depths of about 26 mag for u*, g', r' bands, about 25 mag for i' band, and about 24 mag for z' band (4 sigma detection over an 1 arcsec aperture). The total number of cataloged sources brighter than r'= 23 mag is about 56,000 including both point sources and extended sources. From the investigation of photometric properties using the color-magnitude diagrams and color-color diagrams, we have found that the colors of extended sources are mostly (u*-r') < 3.0 and (g'-z') > 0.5. This can be used to separate the extended sources from the point sources reliably, even for the faint source domain where typical morphological classification schemes hardly work efficiently. We have derived an empirical color-redshift relation of the red sequence galaxies using the Sloan Digital Sky Survey data. By applying this relation to our photometry catalog and searching for any spatial overdensities, we have found two galaxy clusters and one nearby galaxy group.
description: 34 pages, 15 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJS. The pdf file with high resolution figures can be downloaded from http://astro.snu.ac.kr/~nhwang/index.files/nep.html
Adapted gauge to small mass ratio binary black hole evolutions
Creators: name: Rosato, Nicole
name: Healy, James
name: Lousto, Carlos O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the benefits of adapted gauges to small mass ratio binary black hole evolutions in the moving puncture formulation. We find expressions that approximate the late time behavior of the lapse and shift, $(α_0,β_0)$, and use them as initial values for their evolutions. We also use a position and black hole mass dependent damping term, $η[\vec{x}_1(t),\vec{x}_2(t),m_1,m_2]$, in the shift evolution, rather than a constant or conformal-factor dependent choice. We have found that this substantially reduces noise generation at the start of the numerical integration and keeps the numerical grid stable around both black holes, allowing for more accuracy with lower resolutions. We test our choices for this gauge in detail in a case study of a binary with a 7:1 mass ratio, and then use 15:1 and 32:1 binaries for a convergence study. Finally, we apply our new gauge to a 64:1 binary and a 128:1 binary to well cover the comparable and small mass ratio regimes.
description: 22 pages, 21 figures, 8 tables
Confirmation of Cylindrical Perfect Invisibility Cloak Using Fourier-Bessel Analysis
Creators: name: Ruan, Zhichao
name: Yan, Min
name: Neff, Curtis W.
name: Qiu, Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A cylindrical wave expansion method is developed to obtain the scattering field for an ideal two-dimensional cylindrical invisibility cloak. A near-ideal model of the invisibility cloak is set up to solve the boundary problem at the inner boundary of the cloak shell. We confirm that a cloak with the ideal material parameters is a perfect invisibility cloak by systematically studying the change of the scattering coefficients from the near-ideal case to the ideal one. However, due to the slow convergence of the zero$^{th}$ order scattering coefficients, a tiny perturbation on the cloak would induce a noticeable field scattering and penetration.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Geant4Reweight: a framework for evaluating and propagating hadronic interaction uncertainties in GEANT4
Creators: name: Calcutt, J.
name: Thorpe, C.
name: Mahn, K.
name: Fields, Laura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Geant4Reweight is an open-source C++ framework that allows users to 1) weight tracks produced by the GEANT4 particle transport Monte Carlo simulation according to hadron interaction cross section variations and 2) estimate uncertainties in GEANT4 interaction models by comparing the simulation's hadron interaction cross section predictions to data. The ability to weight hadron transport as simulated by GEANT4 is crucial to the propagation of systematic uncertainties related to secondary hadronic interactions in current and upcoming neutrino oscillation experiments, including MicroBooNE, NOvA, and DUNE, as well as hadron test beam experiments such as ProtoDUNE. We provide motivation for weighting hadron tracks in GEANT4 in the context of systematic uncertainty propagation, a description of GEANT4's transport simulation technique, and a description of our weighting technique and fitting framework in the momentum range 0--10 GeV/c, which is typical for the hadrons produced by neutrino interactions in these experiments.
description: Added github link and fixed some typos
High school students aspirations for post secondary career programs
Creators: name: Kithyo, Mattemu
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The purpose of this study was to find out what the students' perceptions are regarding the influence of the following factors in the students' career programs decision making: students' self-expectations; parents' expectations; teachers' expectations; industry's expectations; financial rewards; academic ability; upward mobility; sex role stereotyping; and availability of career information. The study was carried out in Machakos district, Kenya between April and August 1988. The subjects were 210 form 3 (grade 11) students drawn from 3 different schools in the district. One school was an all girls school, one an all boys school and one a mixed school. For each school, two classes of 35 students each were used. Data for the study were collected by use of a questionnaire developed by the researcher. This questionnaire was administered in each school by the researcher assisted by 2 teachers supplied by the school. The data were then analyzed and the results grouped into categories reflecting the questions addressed by the study. Some of the major findings of the study were: 1. Programs in Agriculture are priority aspirations for both the boys and the girls. 2. Besides agriculture, the career program aspirations of the students followed the traditional gender lines such that most of the boys aspired for technological programs while most of the girls aspired for office based programs. 3. There seemed to be no difference between the effects of parents expectations on the boys and on the girls. 4. There seemed to be no difference between the effects of teachers' expectations on the boys and on the girls. 5. The boys believed that they had good academic abilities in Mathematics and science subjects while girls believed they were good in business education and languages. 6. The boys seemed to be more concerned with chances for further studies in career program than the girls were. 7. By the time students chose subjects for Kenya Certificate of secondary Education (K.C.S.E.) certification they had very little career information available to them. 8. Although technical education is a priority field for the government, it is not a priority aspiration for the students. The findings of the study suggest that career guidance in the secondary schools in Machokos District is not effective. The author gives several recommendations for addressing the issues and concerns raised by the study.
Sufficiency Criterion for the Validity of the Adiabatic Approximation
Creators: name: Tong, D M
name: Singh, K
name: Kwek, L C
name: OH, C H
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the quantitative condition which has been widely used as a criterion for the adiabatic approximation but was recently found insufficient. Our results indicate that the usual quantitative condition is sufficient for a special class of quantum mechanical systems. For general systems, it may not be sufficient, but it along with additional conditions is sufficient. The usual quantitative condition and the additional conditions constitute a general criterion for the validity of the adiabatic approximation, which is applicable to all $N-$dimensional quantum systems. Moreover, we illustrate the use of the general quantitative criterion in some physical models.
description: 9 pages, no figure,appearing in PRL98(2007)150402
Katholische Arbeiter und Widerstand gegen den Nationalsozialismus. Vera Bücker: Nikolaus Groß. Politischer Journalist und Katholik im Widerstand des Kölner Kreises
Creators: name: Damberg, Wilhelm
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2015

description: Vera Bücker: Nikolaus Groß. Politischer Journalist und Katholik im Widerstand des Kölner Kreises. Mit einem Essay über die Gefängnisbriefe von Alexander Groß, Münster/Hamburg/London: LIT-Verlag 2003.
description: Moving the Social, Vol 31 (2004): Forschungen und Forschungsberichte