cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Associations between Neighborhood Characteristics, Well-Being and Health Vary over the Life Course
Creators: name: Eibich, Peter
name: Krekel, Christian
name: Demuth, Ilja
name: Wagner, Gert G.
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
subject: health
subject: well-being
subject: neighborhood
subject: neighborhood amenities
subject: Berlin aging study II

description: Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
description: This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
description: Background: Neighborhood characteristics are important determinants of individual health and well-being. For example, characteristics such as noise and pollution affect health directly, while other characteristics affect health and well-being by either providing resources (e.g. social capital in the neighborhood), which individuals can use to cope with health problems, or limiting the use thereof (e.g. crime). This also suggests that there might be age differentials in the impact of these characteristics, since individuals at different stages of life might need different resources. However, there is a lack of empirical evidence on age differentials in associations between well-being, health, and neighborhood characteristics. Objective: This paper studies associations between a wide range of neighborhood characteristics with the health and well-being of residents of the greater Berlin area. In particular, we focus on differences in the effects between younger (aged 20-35) and older (aged 60+) residents. Methods: We used data from the Berlin Aging Study II (312 younger and 993 older residents of the Berlin metropolitan area in Germany). We used survey data on health and well-being, combined these with subjective perceptions of the neighborhood, and geo-referenced indicators on the neighborhood, e.g. amenities (public transport, physicians, and hospitals). Results: The results show that access to public transportation is associated with better outcomes on all measures of health and well-being, and social support is associated with higher life satisfaction and better mental health. There are considerable differences between both age groups: while the associations between access to public transport and health and well-being are similar for both age groups, neighborhood social capital shows stronger associations for older residents. However, the difference is not always statistically significant. Conclusion: Having access to services is associated with better health and well-being regardless of age. Local policy makers should focus on lowering barriers to mobility in order to improve the health and well-being of the population. Since the social capital of a neighborhood is associated with better health and well-being among older residents, investments that increase social capital (e.g. community centers) might be warranted in neighborhoods with higher shares of older residents.
Noncommutative Kähler Structures on Quantum Homogeneous Spaces
Creators: name: Buachalla, Réamonn Ó
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Building on the theory of noncommutative complex structures, the notion of a noncommutative Kähler structure is introduced. In the quantum homogeneous space case many of the fundamental results of classical Kähler geometry are shown to follow from the existence of such a structure, allowing for the definition of noncommutative Lefschetz, Hodge, Kähler-Dirac, and Laplace operators. Quantum projective space, endowed with its Heckenberger-Kolb calculus, is taken as the motivating example. The general theory is then used to show that the calculus has cohomology groups of at least classical dimension.
description: Final version, article published
Organized crime and its origins: a comparative case study
Creators: name: Coriddi, Jenna L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: This thesis seeks to shift away from the traditional direction of research concerning organized crime, such as an organization’s characteristics, role in society or affect on international crime. Instead it determines the societal elements which allow for the initial appearance of criminal organizations and that permit them to strengthen and expand. By tracing the history of the two case studies, those of the Sicilian Mafia and the Russian Mob, and closely examining the environments in which they developed, five salient traits have been identified as crucial in the manifestation of organized crime. The combination of these five characteristics proves to create a climate where criminal organizations can easily emerge.
title: ‘Same same but different‘
title: Ethnic nationalism and North Korean migrants in South Korea
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Yainishet, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Göttingen : GISCA, Göttingen Institute for Social and Cultural Anthropology, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen
Year: 2017
Subjects: Korea
Migration
Ethnizität
Nationalismus
Multikulturalismus
Identität
Ethnicity
Nationalism
Multiculturalism
Identity

description: Based on ethnographic fieldwork in Seoul, this paper examines processes of ethnic differentiation concerning North Korean migrants in South Korea. Making use of anthropological insights into ethnicity and ethnic boundary making, it explores how the notion of a unified, homogenous Korean people emerged historically and how the (post-) Cold War border regime on the Korean peninsula engenders an othering of North Korean migrants in South Korea through idioms of ethnicity, despite discourses on multiculturalism and a waning of ethno-nationalist sentiments in South Korea. I argue that the increased influx of North Korean migrants in South Korea provides the background not only for (re-) negotiations of ethnic nationalism but also of ethnic identity and ethnic unity in South Korea.
description: Basierend auf ethnografischer Feldforschung in Seoul, untersucht diese Studie Prozesse ethnischer Differenzierung nordkoreanischer Migrant_innen in Südkorea. Mit Hilfe ethnologischer Erkenntnisse hinsichtlich Ethnizität und ethnischer Grenzziehungsprozesse, wird die historische Genese der Vorstellung der ethnischen Homogenität aller Koreaner_ innen beleuchtet. Außerdem wird untersucht, wie das Othering nordkoreanischer Migrant_ innen, im Kontext des Grenzregimes der koreanischen Halbinsel im Kalten Krieg (und danach), durch Idiome der Ethnizität ausgedrückt wird. Dies geschieht trotz Diskursen des Multikulturalismus und der Abnahme ethnonationalistischer Empfindungen in Südkorea. Es wird argumentiert, dass die vermehrte Migration von Nordkoreaner_innen nach Südkorea den Hintergrund nicht nur für (Neu-)Aushandlungen des ethnischen Nationalismus, sondern auch von ethnischer Identität und ethnischer Einheit in Südkorea bildet.
description: GISCA occasional paper ; 15
On Closed Manifolds with Harmonic Weyl Curvature
Creators: name: Tran, Hung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C21, 53C24

description: We derive point-wise and integral rigidity/gap results for a closed manifold with harmonic Weyl curvature in any dimension. In particular, there is a generalization of Tachibana's theorem for non-negative curvature operator. The key ingredients are new Bochner-Weitzenböck-Lichnerowicz type formulas for the Weyl tensor, which are generalizations of identities in dimension four.
description: 27 pages, final version
Studies of the stellar populations of galaxies using two-color diagrams
Creators: name: Gusev, Alexander S.
name: Guslyakova, Svetlana A.
name: Novikova, Alexandra P.
name: Khramtsova, Maria S.
name: Bruevich, Vasily V.
name: Ezhkova, Olga V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Variations in the photometric parameters of stellar systems as a function of their evolution and the stellar populations comprising them are investigated. A set of seven evolutionary models with an exponential decrease in the star-formation rate and 672 models with a secondary burst of star formation are considered. The occurrence of a secondary burst of star formation can shift the position of a stellar system on two-color diagrams to the right or left of the normal color sequence for galaxies and the extinction line. This makes it possible to estimate the composition of the stellar population of a galaxy with a nonmonotonic star formation history from its position on two-color diagrams. Surface photometry in both the optical (UBVRI) and near-IR (JHK) is used to study the stellar populations and star-formation histories in the structural components (nucleus, bulge, disk, spiral arms, bar, ring) of 26 galaxies of various morphological types (from S0 to Sd). Components (nucleus, bulge, bar) with color characteristics corresponding to stellar systems with secondary bursts of star formation are indicated in 10 of the 26 galaxies. The parameters of these secondary bursts are estimated. Five of the 10 galaxies with complex star-formation histories display clear structural perturbations. Appreciable differences in the photometric characteristics of relatively red early-type galaxies (S0-Sb) and relatively blue later-type galaxies (Sb-Sd) have been found. Galaxies of both early and late types are encountered among the Sb-galaxies. Lenticular galaxies do not display different photometric characteristics from early-type spiral galaxies.
description: Slightly edited version of the paper published in the Astronomy Reports, 2015, 59, 899. 18 pages (21 pp. in original paper), 11 figures, 3 tables
title: Aushandlungen zwischen Schutz und Verselbstständigung
title: Unbegleitete minderjährige Flüchtlinge in Betreuung der Jugendhilfe in Göttingen
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Hartung, Philipp Tilman
Publisher: name: Göttingen : GISCA, Göttingen Institute for Social and Cultural Anthropology, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen
Year: 2017
Subjects: Migration
Flucht
Unbegleitete minderjährige Flüchtlinge
Jugendhilfe
Humanitarismus
Refugee
Unaccompanied minor refugees
Youth Welfare
Care
Humanitarianism

description: Geflüchtete unter 21 Jahren, die sich ohne nahe Verwandte in Deutschland aufhalten, werden nach §8a des Sozialgesetzbuches von der Jugendhilfe betreut. Die Jugendhilfe in Göttingen betreibt dafür seit 2014 das Fachteam „Junge Flüchtlinge“. Derzeit sind durch die Arbeit des Fachteams über 80 junge, männliche Geflüchtete dezentral im Stadtgebiet untergebracht und werden individuell, sozialpädagogisch betreut. Empirische Basis dieser Arbeit ist ethnografische Feldforschung mit sowohl jungen Geflüchteten, als auch den Sozialarbeiter_innen der Jugendhilfe. Auf dieser Grundlage beleuchtet die Arbeit die Hintergründe und Motive der Geflüchteten und stellt gleichzeitig die Frage, inwieweit die Integrationsspezialist_innen der Jugendhilfe diesen Interessen vor dem Hintergrund von Asylrecht und gesellschaftlichen Erwartungen gerecht werden können.
description: In accordance with the social security code, refugees under 21 years of age residing in Germany without close relatives fall under the supervision of the Office of Youth Welfare (Jugendhilfe). Therefore since 2014, the Office of Youth Welfare in Göttingen has operated a special section for minor refugees. As a result of their work, over 80 male refugee minors are currently accommodated throughout Göttingen and individually supervised. This paper is based on ethnographical fieldwork with a number of refugee minors as well as the social workers who supervise them. It details the backgrounds and motivations of the refugees and investigates how social workers can address the specific interests of minor refugees against the backdrop of asylum laws and broader societal expectations.
description: GISCA occasional paper ; 17
Mobile Applications for Privacy-Preserving Digital Contact Tracing
Creators: name: Laoudias, Christos
name: Meyer, Steffen
name: Isaia, Philippos
name: Windisch, Thomas
name: Benzler, Justus
name: Lenkeit, Maximilian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Presentation slides of the advanced seminar "Mobile Applications for Privacy-Preserving Digital Contact Tracing" presented at the 23rd IEEE Intl. Conference on Mobile Data Management (MDM 2022). Mobile applications for triggering Covid-19 exposure notifications without sacrificing the users’ privacy are a promising tool for complementing manual contact tracing that is a resource-demanding and labor-intensive task when the infections grow rapidly. This advanced seminar presents the fundamental concepts behind the realization of large-scale Mobile Contact Tracing Apps (MCTA). We provide an overview of this emerging field, while focusing on Bluetooth-based privacy-preserving solutions. We tackle the topic from multiple perspectives: background, state-of-the-art technologies, protocols, real-life implementations, performance indicators, security and privacy aspects, as well as future directions. The seminar presents the big picture, so that the target audience can further expand their knowledge by studying the material and following the references. Our presentation will be delivered through the lens of 2 country-wide MCTA, namely the Corona-Warn-App (CWA) and the CovTracer-Exposure Notification (CovTracer-EN) app deployed in Germany and Cyprus, respectively.
Universal features of cluster numbers in percolation
Creators: name: Mertens, Stephan
name: Jensen, Iwan
name: Ziff, Robert M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The number of clusters per site $n(p)$ in percolation at the critical point $p = p_c$ is not itself a universal quantity---it depends upon the lattice and percolation type (site or bond). However, many of its properties, including finite-size corrections, scaling behavior with $p$, and amplitude ratios, show various degrees of universal behavior. Some of these are universal in the sense that the behavior depends upon the shape of the system, but not lattice type. Here, we elucidate the various levels of universality for elements of $n(p)$ both theoretically and by carrying out extensive studies on several two- and three-dimensional systems, by high-order series analysis, Monte-Carlo simulation, and exact enumeration. We find many new results, including precise values for $n(p_c)$ for several systems, a clear demonstration of the singularity in $n''(p)$, and metric scale factors. We make use of the matching polynomial of Sykes and Essam to find exact relations between properties for lattices and matching lattices. We propose a criterion for an absolute metric factor $b$ based upon the singular behavior of the scaling function, rather than a relative definition of the metric that has previously been used.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
Identifying the population-level political, economic and social exposures or interventions that can deliver an inclusive economy: a protocol for a systematic review of reviews
Creators: name: Sarica, Shifa
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration
subject: Economics
subject: Political Science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Political Economy
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Inclusive economy
subject: Inclusive growth
subject: Political economy
subject: Review of Evidence
subject: Systematic Review
subject: Wellbeing Economy

description: This project is a systematic review of reviews (also known as an umbrella review) aiming to identify the population-level political, economic and social exposures or interventions that can deliver an inclusive economy. This project is led by Public Health Scotland. Details of the review protocol are provided using an adapted PROSPERO form.
A Longitudinal Study of the Domain-Specificity of Ability and Effort Attributions in African American Students
Creators: name: Vuletich, Heidi
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Students’ causal attributions about the reasons underlying their academic successes and failures influence their academic motivation and subsequent achievement. We investigated whether students’ attributions vary across academic subjects, and whether such domain-generality or specificity changes with development. African American students (N = 565) reported their causal attributions for math, science, and English successes longitudinally from elementary to high school. Structural equation modeling showed that individual differences in students’ tendencies to attribute successes to ability and effort were domain-general, not differing across academic content areas. The lack of domain-specificity in attributions suggests that African American students may view academic outcomes as a single achievement domain rather than differentiating among school subjects. Students may cope with race related stresses, such as discrimination and negative stereotypes, by uniformly making adaptive attributions about their successes.
Accelerating Recommender Systems using GPUs
Creators: name: Rodrigues, André Valente
name: Jorge, Alípio
name: Dutra, Inês
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We describe GPU implementations of the matrix recommender algorithms CCD++ and ALS. We compare the processing time and predictive ability of the GPU implementations with existing multi-core versions of the same algorithms. Results on the GPU are better than the results of the multi-core versions (maximum speedup of 14.8).
On Properties of the Support of Capacity-Achieving Distributions for Additive Noise Channel Models with Input Cost Constraints
Creators: name: Fahs, Jihad
name: Abou-Faycal, Ibrahim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the classical problem of characterizing the channel capacity and its achieving distribution in a generic fashion. We derive a simple relation between three parameters: the input-output function, the input cost function and the noise probability density function, one which dictates the type of the optimal input. In Layman terms we prove that the support of the optimal input is bounded whenever the cost grows faster than a cut-off rate equal to the logarithm of the noise PDF evaluated at the input-output function. Furthermore, we prove a converse statement that says whenever the cost grows slower than the cut-off rate, the optimal input has necessarily an unbounded support. In addition, we show how the discreteness of the optimal input is guaranteed whenever the triplet satisfy some analyticity properties. We argue that a suitable cost function to be imposed on the channel input is one that grows similarly to the cut-off rate. Our results are valid for any cost function that is super-logarithmic. They summarize a large number of previous channel capacity results and give new ones for a wide range of communication channel models, such as Gaussian mixtures, generalized-Gaussians and heavy-tailed noise models, that we state along with numerical computations.
description: Accepted for publication in the IEEE Transactions on Information Theory with minor modifications on the current version
Security in Softwarized Networks: Prospects and Challenges
Creators: name: Gray, Nicholas
name: Zinner, Thomas
name: Tran-Gia, Phuoc
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Netzwerk
subject: 004
subject: Softwarized Networks

description: Security in Softwarized Networks: Prospects and Challenges
Two-dimensional TiOx nanostructures on Au(111): a Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy investigation
Creators: name: Tumino, F.
name: Carrozzo, P.
name: Mascaretti, L.
name: Casari, C. S.
name: Passoni, M.
name: Tosoni, S.
name: Bottani, C. E.
name: Bassi, A. Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the growth of titanium oxide two-dimensional (2D) nanostructures on Au(111), produced by Ti evaporation and post-deposition oxidation. Scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM and STS) and low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) measurements characterized the morphological, structural and electronic properties of the observed structures. Five distinct TiO\sub{x} phases were identified: the \emph{honeycomb} and \emph{pinwheel} phases appear as monolayer films wetting the gold surface, while nanocrystallites of the \emph{triangular}, \emph{row} and \emph{needle} phases grow mainly over the honeycomb or pinwheel layers. Density Functional Theory (DFT) investigation of the honeycomb structure supports a $(2\times 2)$ structural model based on a Ti-O bilayer having $\text{Ti}_2\text{O}_3$ stoichiometry. The pinwheel phase was observed to evolve, for increasing coverage, from single triangular crystallites to a well-ordered film forming a $(4\sqrt{7}\times 4\sqrt{7})R19.1^\circ$ superstructure, which can be interpreted within a moirÃ\c{opyright}-like model. Structural characteristics of the other three phases were disclosed from the analysis of high-resolution STM measurements. STS measurements revealed a partial metallization of honeycomb and pinwheel and a semiconducting character of row and triangular phases.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures
Evidencias de trabajo proyecto 321368, Esclarecimiento de violaciones graves de derechos humanos por medio de grafos de conocimiento construidos a partir de documentos.
Creators: name: Yankelevich Winocur, Javier
name: Sanchez Nateras, Gerardo
name: Mireles Chávez, Victor
name: Martínez-Sánchez, Mariana Esther
name: San Vicente, Juambelz
name: Bravo Rosete, Héctor Saúl
name: Navarro Granados, Daniel Efraín
name: Valencia López, Tamara Donají
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Desaparición de personas

description: Documentos y evidencia que sustena el proyecto Conacyt 321368.
Impact of Maternal Iron Deficiency on Cortisol Levels and Auditory Brainstem Responses in the Young and Adult Guinea Pig
Creators: name: Shero, Nora
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Maternal Iron Deficiency
Serum Cortisol
Auditory Brainstem Response
Hyperactivity

description: Maternal iron deficiency is a world wide and major public health issue. Despite recent researchers’ interest related to this topic, its impact in the offspring still remains unclear. The aim of this study is to understand the impact of maternal iron deficiency on the auditory functions and serum cortisol levels in the young and adult guinea pig at post-natal day (PNd) 24 and PNd84, respectively. Pregnant guinea pigs were given an iron deficient (ID) or iron sufficient (IS) diet during gestation and lactation. An iron sufficient diet was provided to all pups after weaning day. No significant difference was observed in the hearing threshold and latencies in siblings from both groups at PNd24 and PNd84. However, ID offspring showed a significant higher interpeak latency I-IV at 100 dB than IS pups at PNd24. ID offspring also had significant elevated cortisol levels at PNd24 compared to IS control group. Maternal iron deficiency affects negatively the auditory functions and raises the serum cortisol levels, a biomarker of stress in the offspring.
Breaking with Convention: Mme de Pompadour’s Refashioning of the ‘Self’ Through the Bellevue Turqueries
Creators: name: Paige-Lovingood, Amanda
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: In 1750 the sexual relationship between Mme Pompadour and Louis XV ended, resulting in the maîtresse-en-titre’s move out of Versailles and into the Château de Bellevue. Designed by Pompadour and with the financial support of the king, the château offered her a place away from court etiquette and criticism, a private home for her and Louis XV to relax. Within Bellevue, her bedroom (la chambre a la turq) was decorated with Turkish furnishings, textiles and Carle Van Loo’s three-portrait harem series. Specifically, my thesis will explore Pompadour’s chambre a la turque and Van Loo’s A Sultana Taking Coffee, the only self-portrait of Mme de Pompadour in the series, to exhibit her adoption and depiction of the French fashion trend of turquerie. Here, I suggest Pompadour’s adoption of harem masquerade was a political campaign aimed at reclaiming and magnifying her social and political dislocation from Louis XV’s court, as well as an alternative appraoch to the French definition of ‘woman,’ whereby she represented herself as an elite and desired ‘other’: the Ottoman woman. What happens to Pompadour’s position as mistress and her status as woman when she no longer maintains her sexual responsibilities and her role dictates that she pleasure the king? Expanding on Perrin Stein’s notion of political advancement through self-representation, my analysis presents a new interpretation of A Sultana Taking Coffee by suggesting that the image depicts the mistress re-feminizing her body through an exotic metaphor. Through an examination of the cross-cultural relationship between her feminine identity and turquerie, I demonstrate how Pompadour performed, constructed, and presented her status as an empowered ‘other’ type of French woman through her exotic costume and setting.
In situ imaging of 2-dimensional surface growth reveals the prevalence and role of defects in zeolite crystallization
Creators: name: Choudhary, Madhuresh
name: Jain, Rishabh
name: Rimer, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Chemistry
subject: Engineering
subject: Chemical Engineering
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: Original data created for the study
A novel exact solution to transmission problem of electron wave in a nonlinear Kronig-Penney superlattice
Creators: name: Kong, Chao
name: Hai, Kuo
name: Tan, Jintao
name: Chen, Hao
name: Hai, Wenhua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinear Kronig-Penney model has been frequently employed to study transmission problem of electron wave in a nonlinear electrified chain or in a doped semiconductor superlattice. Here from an integral equation we derive a novel exact solution of the problem, which contains a simple nonlinear map connecting transmission coefficient with system parameters. Consequently, we suggest a scheme for manipulating electronic distribution and transmission by adjusting the system parameters. A new effect of quantum coherence is evidenced in the strict expression of transmission coefficient by which for some different system parameters we obtain the similar aperiodic distributions and arbitrary transmission coefficients including the approximate zero transmission and total transmission, and the multiple transmissions. The method based on the concise exact solution can be applied directly to some nonlinear cold atomic systems and a lot of linear Kronig-Penney systems, and also can be extended to investigate electron transport in different discrete nonlinear systems.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Mobile Applications for Privacy-Preserving Digital Contact Tracing
Creators: name: Laoudias, Christos
name: Meyer, Steffen
name: Isaia, Philippos
name: Windisch, Thomas
name: Benzler, Justus
name: Lenkeit, Maximilian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: COVID-19, pandemics, contact tracing, mobile app

description: Presentation slides of the advanced seminar "Mobile Applications for Privacy-Preserving Digital Contact Tracing" presented at the 23rd IEEE Intl. Conference on Mobile Data Management (MDM 2022). Mobile applications for triggering Covid-19 exposure notifications without sacrificing the users’ privacy are a promising tool for complementing manual contact tracing that is a resource-demanding and labor-intensive task when the infections grow rapidly. This advanced seminar presents the fundamental concepts behind the realization of large-scale Mobile Contact Tracing Apps (MCTA). We provide an overview of this emerging field, while focusing on Bluetooth-based privacy-preserving solutions. We tackle the topic from multiple perspectives: background, state-of-the-art technologies, protocols, real-life implementations, performance indicators, security and privacy aspects, as well as future directions. The seminar presents the big picture, so that the target audience can further expand their knowledge by studying the material and following the references. Our presentation will be delivered through the lens of 2 country-wide MCTA, namely the Corona-Warn-App (CWA) and the CovTracer-Exposure Notification (CovTracer-EN) app deployed in Germany and Cyprus, respectively.
Holomorphic correspondences related to finitely generated rational semigroups
Creators: name: Bharali, Gautam
name: Sridharan, Shrihari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37F05, 37F10 (Primary), 30G30 (Secondary)

description: In this paper, we present a new technique for studying the dynamics of a finitely generated rational semigroup. Such a semigroup can be associated naturally to a certain holomorphic correspondence on $\mathbb{P}^1$. Then, results on the iterative dynamics of such a correspondence can be applied to the study of the rational semigroup. We focus on a certain invariant measure for the aforementioned correspondence---known as the equilibrium measure. This confers some advantages over many of the known techniques for studying the dynamics of rational semigroups. We use the equilibrium measure to analyse the distribution of repelling fixed points of a finitely generated rational semigroup, and to derive a sharp bound for the Hausdorff dimension of the Julia set of such a semigroup.
description: 20 pages; minor revisions, Theorem 1.6 rephrased more simply; final version to be published in Internat. J. Math
Attentional control moderates the relationship between social anxiety and selective attentional responding to negative social information: evidence from objective measures of attentional processes
Creators: name: Mahdi Mazidi
name: Grafton, Ben
name: Basanovic, Julian
name: MacLeod, Colin
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Clinical Psychology
subject: Cognitive Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Attentional Control
subject: Social Anxiety

description: The below project provides raw data, R script, and the data dictionary for the above project.
Strain-displacement relations and strain engineering in 2d materials
Creators: name: Midtvedt, Daniel
name: Lewenkopf, Caio H.
name: Croy, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the electromechanical coupling in 2d materials. For non-Bravais lattices, we find important corrections to the standard macroscopic strain - microscopic atomic-displacement theory. We put forward a general and systematic approach to calculate strain-displacement relations for several classes of 2d materials. We apply our findings to graphene as a study case, by combining a tight binding and a valence force-field model to calculate electronic and mechanical properties of graphene nanoribbons under strain. The results show good agreement with the predictions of the Dirac equation coupled to continuum mechanics. For this long wave-limit effective theory, we find that the strain-displacement relations lead to a renormalization correction to the strain-induced pseudo-magnetic fields. Implications for nanomechanical properties and electromechanical coupling in 2d materials are discussed.
description: 7+3 pages, 4+1 figures
Topological Effects on Quantum Phase Slips in Superfluid Spin Transport
Creators: name: Kim, Se Kwon
name: Tserkovnyak, Yaroslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate effects of quantum fluctuations on superfluid spin transport through easy-plane quantum antiferromagnetic spin chains in the large-spin limit. Quantum fluctuations give rise to decaying of spin supercurrent by unwinding the magnetic order parameter within the easy plane, which is referred to as phase slips. We show that the topological term in the nonlinear sigma model for the spin chains qualitatively differentiates decaying rate of the spin supercurrent between integer spin and half-odd-integer spin chains. An experimental setup for a magnetoelectric circuit is proposed, in which the dependence of the decaying rate on constituent spins can be verified by measuring nonlocal magnetoresistance.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Exploring the Knowledge, Attitudes, and Experiences of Young Mothers in Ottawa: A Qualitative Study Dedicated to “Rapid Repeat” Pregnancy
Creators: name: Fortier, Elyse
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: teenage motherhood
adolescent pregnancy
rapid repeat pregnancy
mental health
substance abuse
intimate partner violence

description: “Rapid repeat pregnancy”, which is common among young mothers, is the onset of pregnancy within 24 months of a previous pregnancy outcome. Teenage motherhood is associated with many economic, social, and health challenges. These challenges often become more serious and more difficult to manage after a subsequent delivery. The circumstances surrounding rapid repeat pregnancy among young mothers living in Ottawa remain unclear. This study explores the experiences, knowledge, and attitudes of young mothers towards rapid repeat pregnancy and contraception through a multi-method study. The multimethod study includes in-depth interviews with young mothers living in Ottawa who have experienced rapid repeat pregnancy and in-depth interviews with services providers who work with them. Results from the interviews indicate that young mothers often do not use post-partum contraception, actively and passively plan their pregnancies, experience violence, and have mental health and substance abuse issues. Many young mothers expressed that trying to access services, especially mental health support services, can be a long and difficult process. Key informants expressed the need for more sexpositive, youth-friendly sexual and reproductive health education. There is a need to identify and further develop youth-friendly services that young mothers feel comfortable accessing. Supporting efforts to increase adolescent mothers’ and service providers’ awareness of existing services appears warranted.
Investigation of the Decision-Making and Time-Keeping Abilities of SIFamide Signalling in Drosophila Melanogaster
Creators: name: Schweizer, Justine
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Drosophila melanogaster
Neuroscience
Network mapping
SIFamide
Interval timing
Circadian clock

description: Drosophila melanogaster is an invaluable model organism for the study of basic neuroscience. Using two previously characterized mating behaviours (Longer- and Shorter-Mating Duration), this research aims to further our knowledge of the neural circuit involved in each, and shed light on the mechanism by which four SIFamide producing neurons are involved in both. We also seek to investigate the involvement of core circadian clock genes in interval timing mechanisms. To do so, we investigated the populations of SIFamide receptor expressing neurons necessary for each behaviour and studied the contribution of circadian clock genes within the SIFamide signalling pathway. Our main experimental approach consisted of population specific knock-downs of the SIFamide receptor, the impact of which was assessed using a simple behavioural assay. This approach was complemented by rescue experiments and feminization of neurons. Finally, our investigation of the circadian clock was mediated by circadian gene knock-downs in SIFamide expressing neurons. Our results show that SIFamide signalling for each mating behaviour is mediated by segregated signalling to different, non male-specific SIFamide receptor expressing neuronal populations. We further demonstrate that SIFamide expressing neurons are not involved in the interval timing mechanism of these mating behaviours via core circadian gene contribution. This work presents preliminary results towards the investigation of a novel model of decision-making via neuronal signalling.
Passivity Degradation In Discrete Control Implementations: An Approximate Bisimulation Approach
Creators: name: Xu, Xiangru
name: Ozay, Necmiye
name: Gupta, Vijay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we present some preliminary results for compositional analysis of heterogeneous systems containing both discrete state models and continuous systems using consistent notions of dissipativity and passivity. We study the following problem: given a physical plant model and a continuous feedback controller designed using traditional control techniques, how is the closed-loop passivity affected when the continuous controller is replaced by a discrete (i.e., symbolic) implementation within this framework? Specifically, we give quantitative results on performance degradation when the discrete control implementation is approximately bisimilar to the continuous controller, and based on them, we provide conditions that guarantee the boundedness property of the closed-loop system.
description: This is an extended version of our IEEE CDC 2015 paper to appear in Japan
Symmetries on the real form $\mathfrak e_{6,-26}$
Creators: name: Draper, Cristina
name: Guido, Valerio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B25, 17B70

description: We describe four fine gradings on the real form $\mathfrak e_{6,-26}$. They are precisely the gradings whose complexifications are fine gradings on the complexified algebra $\mathfrak{e}_6$. The universal grading groups are $\mathbb Z_2^6$, $\mathbb Z\times\mathbb Z_2^4$, $\mathbb Z^2\times\mathbb Z_2^3$, and $\mathbb Z_4\times\mathbb Z_2^4$.
description: 24 pages
Towards a new partnership with societies? European civil society cooperation after the Arab Spring case study: Tunisia
Creators: name: Koyro, Charlotte Katharina
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2014

description: The Arab spring confronted EU officials with the shortcomings of past democracy promotion initiatives. As a consequence, the concept of civil society experienced a rhetorical renaissance and was put at the heart of renewed EU policies for its southern neighborhood. Utilizing Tunisia as a case study, this paper compares and contrasts EU civil society cooperation in an autocratic context with its new initiatives during Tunisia's transition to democracy. Did the Arab Spring change European civil society cooperation in Tunisia? It will become clear that in an autocratic context EU civil society cooperation contributed to authoritarian resilience, instead of initiating reforms. Since 2011, the EU created new instruments which support a wider range of civil society actors. However, EU officials still hesitate to include faith-based groups in the dialogue. This is a sensitive issue in Tunisia, where social cleavages between secular and religious groups continue to widen.
Nonlocal density interactions in auxiliary-field quantum Monte Carlo simulations: application to the square lattice bilayer and honeycomb lattice
Creators: name: Golor, Michael
name: Wessel, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an efficient scheme to simulate fermionic Hubbard models with nonlocal density-density interactions in two dimensions, based on bond-centered auxiliary-field quantum Monte Carlo. The simulations are shown to be sign-problem free within a finite, restricted parameter range. Using this approach, we first study the Hubbard model on the half-filled square lattice bilayer, including an interlayer repulsion term in addition to the local repulsion, and present the ground state phase diagram within the accessible parameter region. Starting from the antiferromagnetically ordered state in the absence of interlayer repulsion, the interlayer interactions are found to destabilize the antiferromagnetic order, leading to a band insulator state. Moreover, for sufficiently strong interlayer tunneling, we also observe the emergence of a direct dimer product state of mixed D-Mott and S-Mott character along the equal coupling line. We discuss the stability range of this state within strong-coupling perturbation theory. Furthermore, we consider the Hubbard model on the honeycomb lattice with next-nearest-neighbor interactions. Such an interaction is found to enhance both charge density and spin-current correlations within the semimetallic region. However, inside the accessible parameter region, they do not stabilize long-ranged charge density wave order nor a quantum spin Hall state, and the only insulating state that we observe exhibits long-range antiferromagnetism.
description: 12 pages, 14 figures
Real-time Stress Measurements in Germanium Thin Film Electrodes during Electrochemical Lithiation/delithiation Cycling
Creators: name: Nadimpalli, Siva P. V.
name: Tripuraneni, Rajasekhar
name: Sethuraman, Vijay A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An in situ study of stress evolution and mechanical behavior of germanium as a lithium-ion battery electrode material is presented. Thin films of germanium are cycled in a half-cell configuration with lithium metal foil as counter/reference electrode, with 1M LiPF6 in ethylene carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate solution (1:1:1, wt. %) as electrolyte. Real-time stress evolution in the germanium thin-film electrodes during electrochemical lithiation/delithiation is measured by monitoring the substrate curvature using the multi-beam optical sensing method. Upon lithiation a-Ge undergoes extensive plastic deformation, with a peak compressive stress reaching as high as -0.76 +/- 0.05 GPa (mean +/- standard deviation). The compressive stress decreases with lithium concentration reaching a value of approximately -0.3 GPa at the end of lithiation. Upon delithiation the stress quickly became tensile and follows a trend that mirrors the behavior on compressive side; the average peak tensile stress of the lithiated Ge samples was approximately 0.83 GPa. The peak tensile stress data along with the SEM analysis was used to estimate a lower bound fracture resistance of lithiated Ge, which is approximately 5.3 J/m^2. It was also observed that the lithiated Ge is rate sensitive, i.e., stress depends on how fast or slow the charging is carried out.
description: 28 pages, 6 figures
The effect of tides on the Fornax dwarf spheroidal galaxy
Creators: name: Battaglia, Giuseppina
name: Sollima, Antonio
name: Nipoti, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Estimates of the mass distribution and dark-matter (DM) content of dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dSphs) are usually derived under the assumption that the effect of the tidal field of the host galaxy is negligible over the radial extent probed by kinematic data-sets. We assess the implications of this assumption in the specific case of the Fornax dSph by means of N-body simulations of a satellite orbiting around the Milky Way. We consider observationally-motivated orbits and we tailor the initial distributions of the satellite's stars and DM to match, at the end of the simulations, the observed structure and kinematics of Fornax. In all our simulations the present-day observable properties of Fornax are not significantly influenced by tidal effects. The DM component is altered by the interaction with the Galactic field (up to 20% of the DM mass within 1.6 kpc is lost), but the structure and kinematics of the stellar component are only mildly affected even in the more eccentric orbit (more than 99% of the stellar particles remain bound to the dwarf). In the simulations that successfully reproduce Fornax's observables, the dark-to-luminous mass ratio within 1.6 kpc is in the range 5-6, and up to 16-18 if measured within 3 kpc.
description: 19 pages, 16 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Motion of an Impurity in a Bose-Einstein Condensate with Weyl Spin-Orbit Coupling: Non-collinear Drag Force and Anisotropic Critical Velocity
Creators: name: Liao, Renyuan
name: Fialko, Oleksandr
name: Brand, Joachim
name: Zülicke, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the motion of a point-like impurity through a three-dimensional two-component Bose-Einstein condensate subject to Weyl spin-orbit coupling. Using linear-response theory, we calculate the drag force felt by the impurity and the associated anisotropic critical velocity from the spectrum of elementary excitations. The drag force is shown to be generally not collinear with the velocity of the impurity. This unusual behavior is a consequence of condensation into a finite-momentum state due to the spin-orbit coupling.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Contracting Institutions and Firm Boundaries
Creators: name: Eppinger, Peter
name: Kukharskyy, Bohdan
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Economics
subject: 330
subject: firm boundaries
subject: contracting institutions
subject: firm-level analysis
subject: property-rights theory
subject: relationship-specificity

description: Contractual frictions are widely known to shape firm boundaries. But do better contracting institutions, which reduce these frictions, induce firms to be more or less deeply integrated? This paper provides a large-scale investigation of this question using a unique micro dataset of ownership shares across half a million firm pairs worldwide. We uncover strong evidence that better contracting institutions in subsidiaries’ countries favor deeper integration, particularly in relationship-specific industries. We formally show that these findings can be explained by a generalized Property-Rights Theory of the firm featuring partial ownership, while they are at odds with the canonical Transaction-Cost Theory.