cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Lectures on piecewise distance preserving maps
Creators: name: Petrunin, Anton
name: Yashinski, Allan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53-01

description: These lectures were a part of the geometry course held during the Fall 2011 Mathematics Advanced Study Semesters (MASS) Program at Penn State (\url{http://www.math.psu.edu/mass/}). The lectures are meant to be accessible to advanced undergraduate and early graduate students in mathematics. We have placed a great emphasis on clarity and exposition, and we have included many exercises. Hints and solutions for most of the exercises are provided in the end. The lectures discuss piecewise distance preserving maps from a 2-dimensional polyhedral space into the plane. Roughly speaking, a polyhedral space is a space that is glued together out of triangles, for example the surface of a polyhedron. If one imagines such a polyhedral space as a paper model, then a piecewise distance preserving map into the plane is essentially a way to fold the model so that it lays flat on a table. We only consider the 2-dimensional case to keep things easy to visualize. However, most of the results admit generalizations to higher dimensions. These results are discussed in the Final Remarks, where proper credit and references are given.
description: minor update + change the title
Standardizing the Gamma-ray burst as a standard candle and applying to the cosmological probes: constraints on the two-component dark energy model
Creators: name: Li, Jia-Lun
name: Yang, Yu-Peng
name: Yi, Shuang-Xi
name: Hu, Jian-Ping
name: Qu, Yan-Kun
name: Wang, Fa-Yin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As one of the most energetic and brightest events, gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have been used as a standard candle for cosmological probe. Based on the relevant features of GRBs light curves, a plateau phase followed a decay phase, we obtain X-ray samples of 31 GRBs and optical samples of 50 GRBs, which are thought to be caused by the same physical mechanism. We standardize GRBs using the two-dimension fundamental plane relation of the rest-frame luminosity of the plateau emission ($L_{b,z}$) and the end time of plateau ($T_{b,z}$) $L_{b,z}-T_{b,z}$, as well as the three-dimension fundamental plane correlation including the peak energy ($E_{p,i}$) $L_{b,z}-T_{b,z}-E_{p,i}$. For the cosmological probes, we consider the $ω$CDM model in which the dark energy consists of one component, and mainly focus on the $X_1X_2$CDM model in which the dark energy is made up of two independent components. We obtain the constraints on the related parameters of the cosmological models using the type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) data and selected X-ray and optical samples. For the $X_1X_2$CDM model, we find that the values of the equations of state parameters of two dark energies, $ω_1$ and $ω_2$, are very close. We also conduct the comparison between the models using the Bayesian information criterion, and find that the $ω$CDM model is favoured.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures and 3 tables, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Towards Audit Requirements for AI-based Systems in Mobility Applications
Creators: name: Alagarswamy, Devi Padmavathi
name: Berghoff, Christian
name: Danos, Vasilios
name: Langer, Fabian
name: Markert, Thora
name: Schneider, Georg
name: von Twickel, Arndt
name: Woitschek, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Various mobility applications like advanced driver assistance systems increasingly utilize artificial intelligence (AI) based functionalities. Typically, deep neural networks (DNNs) are used as these provide the best performance on the challenging perception, prediction or planning tasks that occur in real driving environments. However, current regulations like UNECE R 155 or ISO 26262 do not consider AI-related aspects and are only applied to traditional algorithm-based systems. The non-existence of AI-specific standards or norms prevents the practical application and can harm the trust level of users. Hence, it is important to extend existing standardization for security and safety to consider AI-specific challenges and requirements. To take a step towards a suitable regulation we propose 50 technical requirements or best practices that extend existing regulations and address the concrete needs for DNN-based systems. We show the applicability, usefulness and meaningfulness of the proposed requirements by performing an exemplary audit of a DNN-based traffic sign recognition system using three of the proposed requirements.
description: To appear in Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Information Systems Security and Privacy
Physical Adversarial Attacks on Deep Neural Networks for Traffic Sign Recognition: A Feasibility Study
Creators: name: Woitschek, Fabian
name: Schneider, Georg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are increasingly applied in the real world in safety critical applications like advanced driver assistance systems. An example for such use case is represented by traffic sign recognition systems. At the same time, it is known that current DNNs can be fooled by adversarial attacks, which raises safety concerns if those attacks can be applied under realistic conditions. In this work we apply different black-box attack methods to generate perturbations that are applied in the physical environment and can be used to fool systems under different environmental conditions. To the best of our knowledge we are the first to combine a general framework for physical attacks with different black-box attack methods and study the impact of the different methods on the success rate of the attack under the same setting. We show that reliable physical adversarial attacks can be performed with different methods and that it is also possible to reduce the perceptibility of the resulting perturbations. The findings highlight the need for viable defenses of a DNN even in the black-box case, but at the same time form the basis for securing a DNN with methods like adversarial training which utilizes adversarial attacks to augment the original training data.
Job Recruitment and Vacany Durations in Germany
Creators: name: Davis, Steven J.
name: Röttger, Christof
name: Warning, Anja
name: Weber, Enzo
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Recruitment, Vacancy, Duration, Germany
subject: 330 Wirtschaft
subject: J23
subject: J63

description: We develop new evidence on job recruitments and vacancy durations using a rich source of data on individual hires. Our core data set contains 55,000 recruitments into vacant job positions for stratified random samples of German employers from 2000 to 2010. We have information about the employer, the job position and the newly hired worker for all recruitments – including firm size, occupation, qualification requirements, previous labour market status of the new hire, and whether the job is a new position. We measure recruitment duration and the lag from recruitment to first day of work (start lag), which sum to the full vacancy duration. In addition, we link our micro data on recruitments and new hires to additional data on contemporaneous labour market conditions at the regional, occupation and industry levels. Our analysis finds a mean recruitment duration of 49 calendar days or 34 working days and a mean start lag of 27 calendar days and 19 working days, for a total vacancy duration of 76 calendar days and 53 working days, strongly varying between occupations. Hazard functions fit to micro data reveal longer recruitment durations in Eastern Germany and in larger firms and shorter recruitment durations under slack labour market conditions. Highly relevant for the length of the start lag is whether the hiring process goes as planned: If the recruitment duration is longer than the intended total vacancy duration, the start lag is significantly shorter, reflecting the specific efforts of employers in this case to fill the position as soon as possible. The use of Public Employment Services and the hiring of a person previously unemployed show significant effects on the start lag.
Cuantificación del volumen de sedimento transportado por la corriente litoral en las playas, El Sauzal y Pesquera Zapata, ubicadas en la zona norte de la Bahía de Todos Santos, Baja California, México /
Creators: name: Lopez Luna, Mario Gerardo'
Publisher: name: Universidad Autónoma de Baja California.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: GC380.2.S4 L66 1990

description: El estudio presentado comprende la cuantificación del volumen de sedimento y su dirección, en dos playas de bolsillo, localizadas al norte de la Bahía de Todos Santos
Ecos literarios del romancero en el mundo hispánico (XVI-XVII)
Creators: name: Asensio Jiménez, Nicolás
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Spanish Literature
Romancero
Epic poetry
Medieval Literature
Spanish Golden Age

description: Participación en el congreso Global Echoes: The Worlds of Early Modern Spanish Poetry. The 15th Biennial Conference of the Society for Renaissance and Baroque Hispanic Poetry, que tuvo lugar en Clare College, University of Cambridge, los días 22, 23 y 24 de marzo de 2022. Además de la presentación de la comunicación titulada "Ecos literarios del romancero en el mundo hispánico (XVI-XVII)", se adjunta a continuación el resumen: "Durante los siglos XVI y XVII, el Romancero vivió su momento de máximo esplendor. Los romances tradicionales circulaban de boca en boca por los distintos dominios de los imperios español y portugués, a la vez que se difundían por el viejo y el nuevo mundo a través de la imprenta mediante cancioneros, romanceros y pliegos sueltos. Los escritores del momento frecuentemente se hacían eco de los romances en sus obras literarias. No solo se inspiraron en ellos para crear personajes y tramas narrativas, como sucede en algunos capítulos del Quijote o en el teatro de Lope de Vega, Tirso de Molina o Guillén de Castro, entre otros; también los empleaban como recurso literario mediante citas textuales de sus versos y referencias a sus personajes y conflictos en sus obras literarias. Era un modo de ganarse la complicidad del público o implicar al lector dentro de la acción, pues los autores confiaban en que los romances aludidos fuesen del todo familiares para la audiencia. María Goyri y Ramón Menéndez Pidal consiguieron realizar un inventario (actualmente depositado en la Fundación Ramón Menéndez Pidal en Madrid) de cerca de 2 000 referencias a romances en la literatura española de la tardía Edad Media y la temprana Modernidad. Lo hicieron inspirados por el trabajo de Carolina Michaelis de Vasconcelos en Romances velhos em Portuga (1905-1906), donde había recopilado alrededor de 300 referencias a romances en la literatura portuguesa antigua. Tomando como punto de partida los inventarios de Goyri, Menéndez Pidal y Michaelis de Vasconcelos, el objetivo de esta comunicación es examinar los ecos del romancero en obras literarias escritas en las colonias españolas y portuguesas durante
 los siglos XVI y XVII (e.g.: Bernal Díaz del Castillo, Diogo de Couto, Fernán González de Eslava). Concretamente, se examinarán los contextos en los que producen estas referencias, cuáles son los romances más aludidos, con qué frecuencia y en qué tipos de obras literarias se producen para, finalmente, contrastar los paralelos y las diferencias que pudiera haber entre el uso creativo de romances por parte de escritores de la Península y las colonias. Veremos, en definitiva, lo que los antiguos romances tradicionales, nacidos mucho tiempo atrás en los reinos ibéricos medievales, significaron en los nuevos mundos descubiertos."
What Readers Want to Experience: An Approach to Quantify Conversational Maxims with Preferences for Reading Behaviour
Creators: name: Knäusl, Hanna
name: Ludwig, Bernd
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Eyetracking, Preference Elicitation, Conversational Maxims,Information Search, Reading Behaviour
subject: 004 Informatik

description: Searching information on web pages is a tedious task for users as web servers provide complete web pages and do not tailor their content to the user's current information need. This leaves an enormous amount of workload for the user and influences his emotional attitude towards the whole task even if a search engine has filtered pages that are relevant to a user query. In this paper, we propose an approach to adapt the response to queries to user preferences for his reading experience in order to leverage the problem of information overload. With these preferences, it is possible to select the most preferred content from a web page. In our view, the preferences are a quantitative way to express conversational maxims. We present our experimental approach to learn these preferences from annotated browsing sessions and introduce a decision strategy for the selection of content on the basis of the learned preferences.
Observation of Solitonic Vortices in Bose-Einstein Condensates
Creators: name: Donadello, Simone
name: Serafini, Simone
name: Tylutki, Marek
name: Pitaevskii, Lev P.
name: Dalfovo, Franco
name: Lamporesi, Giacomo
name: Ferrari, Gabriele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observe solitonic vortices in an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate after free expansion. Clear signatures of the nature of such defects are the twisted planar density depletion around the vortex line, observed in absorption images, and the double dislocation in the interference pattern obtained through homodyne techniques. Both methods allow us to determine the sign of the quantized circulation. Experimental observations agree with numerical simulations. These solitonic vortices are the decay product of phase defects of the BEC order parameter spontaneously created after a rapid quench across the BEC transition in a cigar-shaped harmonic trap and are shown to have a very long lifetime.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Online Black-Box Confidence Estimation of Deep Neural Networks
Creators: name: Woitschek, Fabian
name: Schneider, Georg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Autonomous driving (AD) and advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) increasingly utilize deep neural networks (DNNs) for improved perception or planning. Nevertheless, DNNs are quite brittle when the data distribution during inference deviates from the data distribution during training. This represents a challenge when deploying in partly unknown environments like in the case of ADAS. At the same time, the standard confidence of DNNs remains high even if the classification reliability decreases. This is problematic since following motion control algorithms consider the apparently confident prediction as reliable even though it might be considerably wrong. To reduce this problem real-time capable confidence estimation is required that better aligns with the actual reliability of the DNN classification. Additionally, the need exists for black-box confidence estimation to enable the homogeneous inclusion of externally developed components to an entire system. In this work we explore this use case and introduce the neighborhood confidence (NHC) which estimates the confidence of an arbitrary DNN for classification. The metric can be used for black-box systems since only the top-1 class output is required and does not need access to the gradients, the training dataset or a hold-out validation dataset. Evaluation on different data distributions, including small in-domain distribution shifts, out-of-domain data or adversarial attacks, shows that the NHC performs better or on par with a comparable method for online white-box confidence estimation in low data regimes which is required for real-time capable AD/ADAS.
Biofield Energy Healing Treatment Based Herbomineral Formulation on Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Expression in Murine Dendritic and Splenocyte cells
Creators: name: Konersman, Douglas Jay
Publisher: name: SMN - The ScienceMedia Network
Year: 2019
Subjects: Natural Sciences

description: The utilization and demand of self-medication with herbomineral-based formulations have increased day-by-day across the globe over the last decade. A new proprietary herbomineral formulation was prepared with the mixture of minerals (zinc, magnesium, and selenium) and the herbal root extract of ashwagandha. The current study was undertaken to evaluate the Biofield Energy Healing (The Trivedi Effect®) on the test herbomineral formulation using murine dendritic cells (DCs) and splenocytes in vitro. The formulation was divided into two parts, one part was control without any Biofield Energy Treatment, while the other part was defined as the Biofield Energy Treated sample, which received the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment remotely from eighteen renowned Biofield Energy Healers. The effect of the Biofield Energy Treated formulation in murine cells was monitored with an estimation of pro-inflammatory cytokines levels such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (MIP-1α) and interleukin (IL-1β) in cell culture supernatants along with estimations of non-cytotoxic concentrations of the test formulation by MTT assay. The Biofield Treated formulation showed 114.2%, 122.6%, 141.2%, 127.8%, and 114.1% cell viability at concentrations 1.05, 5.2, 10.5, 25.6, and 51.2 µg/mL, respectively in DCs. Similarly, the Biofield Energy Treated and untreated formulations showed more than 100% cell viability in mice splenocytes at 5 µg/mL. The level of TNF-α in DCs was significantly (p≤0.05) inhibited by 19.21% in the Biofield Treated formulation at concentration 5.2 µg/mL as compared to the untreated test formulation. The level of MIP-1α in LPS induced mice splenocyte cells was reduced by 15.35% in the Biofield Energy Treated formulation at 0.0105 µg/mL as compared to the untreated formulation. Similarly, the level of IL-1β in LPS induced mice splenocyte cells was significantly (p≤0.05) reduced by 31.59% in the Biofield Treated formulation at 1.05 µg/mL as compared to the untreated formulation. Altogether, the results suggest that The Trivedi Effect® (Biofield Energy Healing Treatment) showed significant down-regulation of the tested pro-inflammatory cytokines expression and potentiated the immunosuppressive effect of the treated formulation to modulate the immune system. These data also suggest that the Biofield Treated test formulation can be used for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, stress management and anti-aging by improving overall health.
Ambitwistor strings and the scattering equations at one loop
Creators: name: Adamo, Tim
name: Casali, Eduardo
name: Skinner, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ambitwistor strings are chiral, infinite tension analogues of conventional string theory whose target space is the space of complex null geodesics and whose spectrum consists exclusively of massless states. At genus zero, these strings underpin the Cachazo-He-Yuan formulae for tree level scattering of gravitons, gluons and scalars. In this paper we extend these formulae in a number of directions. Firstly, we consider Ramond sector vertex operators and construct simple amplitudes involving space-time fermions. These agree with tree amplitudes in ten dimensional supergravity and super Yang--Mills. We then show that, after the usual GSO projections, the ambitwistor string partition function is modular invariant. We consider the scattering equations at genus one, and calculate one loop scattering amplitudes for NS-NS external states in the Type II ambitwistor string. We conjecture that these give new representations of (the integrand of) one loop supergravity amplitudes and we show that they have the expected behaviour under factorization of the worldsheet in both non--separating and separating degenerations.
description: 34 pages, no figures. v2: improvements to discussion, references updated
Caracterización de las asociaciones de foraminíferos bentónicos del pleistoceno tardío en un monte submarino de la cordillera de Alarcón, Golfo de California
Creators: name: Ramos Albino, Fernanda Rubi
Publisher: name: Universidad Autónoma de Baja California.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ciencias||Tesis y disertaciones académicas||Foraminíferos
subject: QL368.F6 R35 2022

description: Los foraminíferos bentónicos son un exitoso grupo de protistas distribuidos en todos los océanos y cuentan con un amplio registro fósil, por lo que son indicadores idóneos para realizar reconstrucciones paleoclimáticas y paleoecológicas del fondo oceánico.
How did I succed in my MSCA application?
Creators: name: Asensio Jiménez, Nicolás
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Participation in the MSCA-PF 2022 Open Week organised by NOVA FCSH with a talk entitled "How did I succed in my MSCA application?" on 26 May 2022. The published document are the slides used during the presentation. ___ Participación en la MSCA-PF 2022 Open Week organizada por la NOVA FCSH con una charla titulada «How did I succed in my MSCA application?» el día 26 de mayo de 2022. El documento publicado son las diapositivas utilizadas durante la presentación.
Terrestrial planet formation from a ring
Creators: name: Woo, J. M. Y.
name: Morbidelli, A.
name: Grimm, S. L.
name: Stadel, J.
name: Brasser, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been long proposed that, if all the terrestrial planets form within a tiny ring of solid material at around 1 AU, the concentrated mass-distance distribution of the current system can be reproduced. Recent planetesimal formation models also support this idea. In this study, we revisit the ring model by performing a number of high-resolution N-body simulations for 10 Myr of a ring of self-interacting planetesimals, with various radial distributions of the gas disc. We found that even if all the planetesimals form at ~1 AU in a minimum mass solar nebula-like disc, the system tends to spread radially as accretion proceeds, resulting in a system of planetary embryos lacking mass-concentration at ~1 AU. Modifying the surface density of the gas disc into a concave shape with a peak at ~1 AU helps to maintain mass concentrated at ~1 AU and solve the radial dispersion problem. We further propose that such a disc should be short lived (<= 1 Myr) and with a shallower radial gradient in the innermost region (< 1 AU) than previously proposed to prevent a too-rapid growth of Earth. Future studies should extend to ~100 Myr the most promising simulations and address in a self-consistent manner the evolution of the asteroid belt and its role in the formation of the terrestrial planets.
description: Accepted by Icarus
How did I succeed in my MSCA application?
Creators: name: Asensio Jiménez, Nicolás
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Participation in the MSCA-PF 2022 Open Week organised by NOVA FCSH with a talk entitled "How did I succed in my MSCA application?" on 26 May 2022. The published document are the slides used during the presentation. ___ Participación en la MSCA-PF 2022 Open Week organizada por la NOVA FCSH con una charla titulada «How did I succed in my MSCA application?» el día 26 de mayo de 2022. El documento publicado son las diapositivas utilizadas durante la presentación.
Medicine on the Margins: Sex Workers, Abortion, and Scientific Knowledge in Chicago, 1867-1912
Creators: name: Roberts-Ganim, Madeleine
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2023

description: This thesis explores the intertwined histories of abortion and sex work in late nineteenth-century Chicago, a time and place in which both forms of illicit sexuality were paradoxically criminalized yet prevalent. While it was illegal to practice abortion and transmit reproductive knowledge, Chicago sex workers continued to seek abortions and share their knowledge of abortion with others. I first examine the linked discursive methods through which physicians and newspapers communicated information about both abortion and sex work to the wider public. I then piece together the landscape of how sex workers accessed abortion during a period of criminality, arguing that sex work was another covert method through which abortion knowledge could be shared and put into practice. Finally, I explore how physicians used the language of health and medical expertise to regulate illicit sex and maintain authority over reproductive medicine, beginning with the criminalization of abortion and finally coming to fruition with the closing of Chicago’s most notorious red light district in 1912. Ultimately, I argue that sex workers were medical practitioners in their own right, who performed abortions themselves, navigated the city’s interconnected geography of brothels and doctors’ offices to access abortion, and shared their knowledge of abortion with the wider public despite criminalization.
Dynamic locational marginal emissions via implicit differentiation
Creators: name: Valenzuela, Lucas Fuentes
name: Degleris, Anthony
name: Gamal, Abbas El
name: Pavone, Marco
name: Rajagopal, Ram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Locational marginal emissions rates (LMEs) estimate the rate of change in emissions due to a small change in demand in a transmission network, and are an important metric for assessing the impact of various energy policies or interventions. In this work, we develop a new method for computing the LMEs of an electricity system via implicit differentiation. The method is model agnostic; it can compute LMEs for any convex optimization-based dispatch model, including some of the complex dispatch models employed by system operators in real electricity systems. In particular, this method lets us derive LMEs for dynamic dispatch models, i.e., models with temporal constraints such as ramping and storage. Using real data from the U.S. electricity system, we validate the proposed method against a state-of-the-art merit-order-based method and show that incorporating dynamic constraints improves model accuracy by 8.2%. Finally, we use simulations on a realistic 240-bus model of WECC to demonstrate the flexibility of the tool and the importance of incorporating dynamic constraints. Namely, static LMEs and dynamic LMEs exhibit a normalized average RMS deviation of 28.40%, implying dynamic constraints are essential to accurately modeling emissions rates.
description: in IEEE Transactions on Power Systems (2023)
Quark production, Bose-Einstein condensates and thermalization of the quark-gluon plasma
Creators: name: Blaizot, Jean-Paul
name: Wu, Bin
name: Yan, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the thermalization of gluons and N_f flavors of massless quarks and antiquarks in a spatially homogeneous system. First, two coupled transport equations for gluons and quarks (and antiquarks) are derived within the diffusion approximation of the Boltzmann equation, with only 2 2 processes included in the collision term. Then, these transport equations are solved numerically in order to study the thermalization of the quark-gluon plasma. At initial time, we assume that no quarks or antiquarks are present and we choose the gluon distribution in the form f = f_0 theta (1-p/Q_s) with Q_s the saturation momentum and f_0 a constant. The subsequent evolution of systems may, or may not, lead to the formation of a (transient) Bose condensate, depending on the value of f_0. In fact, we observe, depending on the value of f_0, three different patterns: (a) thermalization without gluon Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) for f_0 < f_{0t}, (b) thermalization with transient BEC for f_{0t} < f_0 < f_{0c}, and (c) thermalization with BEC for f_{0c} < f_0. The values of f_{0t} and f_{0c} depend on N_f. When f_0> 1 > f_{0c}, the onset of BEC occurs at a finite time t_c ~ 1/((alpha_s f_0)^2 Q_s). We also find that quark production slows down the thermalization process: the equilibration time for N_f = 3 is typically about 5 to 6 times longer than that for N_f = 0 at the same Q_s.
description: 32 pages, 25 figures, minor modifications, Final version published in NPA
Interaction between Everett worlds and fundamental decoherence in Non-unitary Newtonian Gravity
Creators: name: Maimone, Filippo.
name: Naddeo, Adele
name: Scelza, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that Non-unitary Newtonian Gravity (NNG) model admits a simple interpretation in terms of Feynman path integral, in which the sum over all possible histories is replaced by a summation over pairs of paths. Correlations between different paths are allowed by a fundamental decoherence mechanism of gravitational origin and can be interpreted as a kind of communication between different branches of the wave function. The ensuing formulation could be used in turn as a motivation to introduce Non-unitary Gravity itself.
Asymptotic utility of spectral anonymization
Creators: name: Perkonoja, Katariina
name: Virta, Joni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the contemporary data landscape characterized by multi-source data collection and third-party sharing, ensuring individual privacy stands as a critical concern. While various anonymization methods exist, their utility preservation and privacy guarantees remain challenging to quantify. In this work, we address this gap by studying the utility and privacy of the spectral anonymization (SA) algorithm, particularly in an asymptotic framework. Unlike conventional anonymization methods that directly modify the original data, SA operates by perturbing the data in a spectral basis and subsequently reverting them to their original basis. Alongside the original version $\mathcal{P}$-SA, employing random permutation transformation, we introduce two novel SA variants: $\mathcal{J}$-spectral anonymization and $\mathcal{O}$-spectral anonymization, which employ sign-change and orthogonal matrix transformations, respectively. We show how well, under some practical assumptions, these SA algorithms preserve the first and second moments of the original data. Our results reveal, in particular, that the asymptotic efficiency of all three SA algorithms in covariance estimation is exactly 50% when compared to the original data. To assess the applicability of these asymptotic results in practice, we conduct a simulation study with finite data and also evaluate the privacy protection offered by these algorithms using distance-based record linkage. Our research reveals that while no method exhibits clear superiority in finite-sample utility, $\mathcal{O}$-SA distinguishes itself for its exceptional privacy preservation, never producing identical records, albeit with increased computational complexity. Conversely, $\mathcal{P}$-SA emerges as a computationally efficient alternative, demonstrating unmatched efficiency in mean estimation.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
Spiking Neural Network Nonlinear Demapping on Neuromorphic Hardware for IM/DD Optical Communication
Creators: name: Arnold, Elias
name: Böcherer, Georg
name: Strasser, Florian
name: Müller, Eric
name: Spilger, Philipp
name: Billaudelle, Sebastian
name: Weis, Johannes
name: Schemmel, Johannes
name: Calabrò, Stefano
name: Kuschnerov, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Neuromorphic computing implementing spiking neural networks (SNN) is a promising technology for reducing the footprint of optical transceivers, as required by the fast-paced growth of data center traffic. In this work, an SNN nonlinear demapper is designed and evaluated on a simulated intensity-modulation direct-detection link with chromatic dispersion. The SNN demapper is implemented in software and on the analog neuromorphic hardware system BrainScaleS-2 (BSS-2). For comparison, linear equalization (LE), Volterra nonlinear equalization (VNLE), and nonlinear demapping by an artificial neural network (ANN) implemented in software are considered. At a pre-forward error correction bit error rate of 2e-3, the software SNN outperforms LE by 1.5 dB, VNLE by 0.3 dB and the ANN by 0.5 dB. The hardware penalty of the SNN on BSS-2 is only 0.2 dB, i.e., also on hardware, the SNN performs better than all software implementations of the reference approaches. Hence, this work demonstrates that SNN demappers implemented on electrical analog hardware can realize powerful and accurate signal processing fulfilling the strict requirements of optical communications.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication by the IEEE/Optica Publishing Group Journal of Lightwave Technology
Comparative study of luminescence and optical properties of Sm3+ doped glasses with different hosts
Creators: name: Warawut Sa-Ardsin
Publisher: name: Nakhon Pathom Rajabhat University
Year: 2018
Subjects: lithiumgadolinium, luminescence spectra, glass, samarium, zinc-barium-borate

description: Journal of Thai Interdisciplinary Research, 13, 5, 40
Reassessing constant-roll Warm Inflation
Creators: name: Biswas, Sandip
name: Bhattacharya, Kaushik
name: Das, Suratna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Departing from standard slow-roll conditions is one way of putting the inflationary paradigm to test, and constraining the dynamics of the inflaton field with a constant-rate of roll of the inflaton field, a.k.a. the constant-roll scenario, is one way of exploring such deviation from the standard slow-roll dynamics. In this manuscript we explore such a possibility in a variant inflationary scenario, known as Warm Inflation. We construct and derive the conditions for having constant-roll WI models where inflation lasts at least for 60 $e-$folds, gracefully exits the constant-roll inflation phase, and maintains near thermal equilibrium of the system which is an essential feature of WI in the slow-roll regime. We show that while certain models of WI (the ones with dissipative coefficient as a function of temperature alone) can accommodate constant-roll dynamics, others (with dissipative coefficient as a function of temperature and the inflaton field both) fail to maintain thermal equilibrium once the constant-roll condition is imposed and hence cannot produce a constant-roll WI phase.
description: Double-column, 14 pages, 6 figures, v2: a few references added, version accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Distribución, abundancia, y vocalización del tecolote afilador norteño (Aegolius acadicus) en el Parque Nacional Sierra de San Pedro Mártir, Baja California, México
Creators: name: Gaona Melo, Tonatiuh
Publisher: name: Universidad Autónoma de Baja California.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ciencias||Tesis y disertaciones académicas Aves de presa
subject: QL677.78 G36 2022

description: La distribución, abundancia y vocalización del tecolote afilador norteño (Aegolius acadicus) en el Parque Nacional Sierra San Pedro Mártir (PNSSPM), Baja California, México, fue caracterizada mediante muestreos estacionales de escucha y reclamo en trayectos en faja (1 km longitud y 150 m ancho) durante dos años consecutivos (enero 2019 a enero de 2021).
Swift progress for robots over complex terrain
Creators: name: Li, Chen
name: Qian, Feifei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A four-legged robot has learned to run on sand at faster pace than humans jog on solid ground. With low energy use and few failures, this rapid robot shows the value of combining data-driven learning with accurate yet simple models.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Quantum Dynamics of Attractive and Repulsive Polarons in a Doped MoSe$_2$ Monolayer
Creators: name: Huang, Di
name: Sampson, Kevin
name: Ni, Yue
name: Liu, Zhida
name: Liang, Danfu
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Li, Hebin
name: Martin, Eric
name: Levinsen, Jesper
name: Parish, Meera M.
name: Tutuc, Emanuel
name: Efimkin, Dmitry K.
name: Li, Xiaoqin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When mobile impurities are introduced and coupled to a Fermi sea, new quasiparticles known as Fermi polarons are formed. There are two interesting, yet drastically different regimes of the Fermi polaron problem: (I) the attractive polaron (AP) branch, connected to pairing phenomena spanning the crossover from BCS superfluidity to the Bose-Einstein condensation of molecules; and (II) the repulsive branch (RP), which underlies the physics responsible for Stoner's itinerant ferromagnetism. Here, we study Fermi polarons in two dimensional systems, where many questions and debates regarding their nature persist. The model system we investigate is a doped MoSe$_2$ monolayer. We find the observed AP-RP energy splitting and the quantum dynamics of attractive polarons agree with the predictions of polaron theory. As the doping density increases, the quantum dephasing of the attractive polarons remains constant, indicative of stable quasiparticles, while the repulsive polaron dephasing rate increases nearly quadratically. The dynamics of Fermi polarons are of critical importance for understanding the pairing and magnetic instabilities that lead to the formation of rich quantum phases found in a wide range of physical systems including nuclei, cold atomic gases, and solids.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Separating source-intrinsic and Lorentz invariance violation induced delays in the very high energy emission of blazar flares
Creators: name: Levy, C.
name: Sol, H.
name: Bolmont, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: The aim of the present study is to explore how to disentangle energy-dependent time delays due to a possible Lorentz invariance violation (LIV) at Planck scale from intrinsic delays expected in standard blazar flares.
 Methods: We first characterise intrinsic time delays in BL Lacs and Flat Spectrum Radio Quasars in standard one-zone time-dependent synchrotron self-Compton or external Compton models, during flares produced by particle acceleration and cooling processes. We simulate families of flares with both intrinsic and external LIV-induced energy-dependent delays. Discrimination between intrinsic and LIV delays is then investigated in two different ways. A technique based on Euclidean distance calculation between delays obtained in the synchrotron and in the inverse-Compton spectral bumps is used to assess their degree of correlation. A complementary study is performed using spectral hardness versus intensity diagrams in both energy ranges.
 Results: We show that the presence of non-negligible LIV effects, which essentially act only at very high energies (VHE), can drastically reduce the strong correlation expected between the X-ray and the VHE gamma-ray emission in leptonic scenarios. The LIV phenomenon can then be hinted at measuring the Euclidean distance $d_{E}$ from simultaneous X-ray and gamma-ray flare monitoring. Large values of minimal distance $d_{E,min}$ would directly indicate the influence of non-intrinsic time delays possibly due to LIV in SSC flares. LIV effects can also significantly modify the VHE hysteresis patterns in hardness-intensity diagrams and even change their direction of rotation as compared to the X-ray behaviour. Both observables could be used to discriminate between LIV and intrinsic delays, provided high quality flare observations are available.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures. Published by A&A. v2 matches the published version (one reference added)
Boron Coated Straw-based Neutron Multiplicity Counter for Neutron Interrogation of TRISO Fueled Pebbles
Creators: name: Fang, Ming
name: Lacy, Jeff
name: Athanasiades, Athanasios
name: Di Fulvio, Angela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pebble bed reactors (PBRs) can improve the safety and economics of the nuclear energy production. PBRs rely on TRIstructural-ISOtropic (TRISO) fuel pebbles for enhanced fission product retention. Accurate characterization of individual fuel pebbles would enable the validation of computational models, efficient use of TRISO fuel, and improve fuel accountability. We have developed and tested a new neutron multiplicity counter (NMC) based on 192 boron coated straw (BCS) detectors optimized for ${}^{235}$U assay in TRISO fuel. The new design yielded a singles and doubles neutron detection efficiency of 4.71% and 0.174%, respectively, and a die-away time of 16.7 $\mathrmμ$s. The NMC has a low intrinsic gamma-ray detection efficiency of $8.71\times10^{-8}$ at an exposure rate of 80.3 mR/h. In simulation, a high-efficiency version of the NMC encompassing 396 straws was able to estimate the ${}^{235}$U in a pebble with a relative uncertainty and error both below 2% in 100 s.
Optical polarimetry study of Lambda-Orionis star-forming region
Creators: name: Neha, Sharma
name: Soam, Archana
name: Maheswar, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an optical polarimetric study of a nearby star-forming region, Lambda-Orionis, to map plane-of-the-sky magnetic field geometry to understand the magnetized evolution of the HII region and associated small molecular clouds. We made multi-wavelength polarization observations of 34 bright stars distributed across the region. R-band polarization measurements focused on small molecular clouds BRC 17 and BRC 18 located at the periphery of the HII region are also presented. The magnetic field lines exhibit a large-scale ordered orientation consistent with the Planck sub-mm polarization measurements. The magnetic field lines in both the BRCs are found to be roughly in north-south directions; however, a larger dispersion is noticed in the orientation for BRC 17 compared to BRC 18. Using structure-function analysis, the strength of the plane-of-the-sky component of the magnetic field is estimated as $\sim$28 $μ$G for BRC 17 and $\sim$40 $μ$G for BRC 18. The average dust grain size and the mean value of the total-to-selective extinction ratio (R$_{V}$) in the HII region are found to be $\sim$0.51 $\pm$ 0.05 $μ$m and $\sim$2.9 $\pm$ 0.3, respectively. The distance of the whole HII region is estimated as $\sim$392 $\pm$ 8 pc by combining astrometry information from GAIA EDR3 for YSOs associated with BRCs and confirmed members of central cluster Collinder 69.
description: 17 pages, Accepted in A&A on 20/05/2024
Reconstruction of Vector-like Top Partner from Fully Hadronic Final States
Creators: name: Endo, Motoi
name: Hamaguchi, Koichi
name: Ishikawa, Kazuya
name: Stoll, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the potential to search for the vector-like top partner in fully hadronic final states at the LHC. An algorithm is developed that kinematically reconstructs the vector-like top. We show that for moderate masses and a large branching fraction into the top quark and Higgs boson, the reconstruction works with good quality.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures; v2: published version in PRD
Comparative Studies of Unsupervised and Supervised Learning Methods based on Multimedia Applications
Creators: name: Singam, Amitesh Kumar
name: Lövström, Benny
name: Kulesza, Wlodek J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the mobile communication field, some of the video applications boosted the interest of robust methods for video quality assessment. Out of all existing methods, We Preferred, No Reference Video Quality Assessment is the one which is most needed in situations where the handiness of reference video is partially available. Our research interest lies in formulating and melding effective features into one model based on human visualizing characteristics. Our work explores comparative study between Supervised and unsupervised learning methods. Therefore, we implemented support vector regression algorithm as NR-based Video Quality Metric(VQM) for quality estimation with simplified input features. We concluded that our proposed model exhibited sparseness even after dimension reduction for objective scores of SSIM quality metric.
Los Pereiranos y sus ríos: un análisis desde la conectividad socio-ecológica
Creators: name: Juan, Walteros Jeymmy Y Castaño
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: ríos urbanos, tramos fluviales urbanos, río Otún, río Consota, Pereira, sistemas Socio-ecológicos

description: Esta es una investigación doctoral que pretende estudiar unos tramos fluviales urbanos en la ciudad de Pereira, desde la perspectiva de los sistemas socio-ecológicos. El cartel contiene resultados preliminares,  soportados en investigaciones realizadas desde 2012 donde se inicia el monitoreo de los ríos de la ciudad de Pereira. La investigación contempla un enfoque en el marco de las Ciencias Ambientales, por lo que la metodología propuesta esta basada en referentes de la Comisión Europea del Paisaje, así como en elmentos que retoma la escuela Americana desde la ciencia ciudadana