cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ИНУЛИНСОДЕРЖАЩЕГО РАСТИТЕЛЬНОГО СЫРЬЯ ДЛЯ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ПРОДУКТОВ ЗДОРОВОГО ПИТАНИЯ
Creators: name: ДЗАНТИЕВА ЛАРИСА БАТАРБЕКОВНА
name: ЦУГКИЕВА ВАЛЕНТИНА БАТЫРБЕКОВНА
name: АЛБЕГОВ РОМАН БОРИСОВИЧ
name: ЦУГКИЕВ БОРИС ГЕОРГИЕВИЧ
name: АБАЕВ АЛАН АНЗОРОВИЧ
Publisher: name: Пищевая промышленность
Year: 2019
Subjects: ЗДОРОВОЕ ПИТАНИЕ
ИНУЛИН
КЛУБНИ БАТАТА
КРОКЕТЫ
МАРМЕЛАД
ФРУКТОЗА
ЧИПСЫ

description: Разработана технология, и смоделированы рецептуры продуктов здорового питания из инулинсодержащего растительного сырья (корнеклубней батата и якона). Приведены химический состав и полезные свойства корнеклубней батата и якона. Определено содержание в корнеклубнях якона и батата макро- и микроэлементов, изучены их полезные свойства Определено содержание протеина, клетчатки, БЭВ, жира и золы в сухом веществе клубней батата. Установлено также содержание инулина в сухом веществе муки якона (60-65 %). Безусловную ценность якону придает наличие в его составе инулина - природного полисахарида, на 95 % состоящего из фруктозы, что позволяет рекомендовать якон в качестве диетического продукта, в том числе и для тех людей, которые страдают сахарным диабетом. Изучены химический состав и полезные свойства ягод клюквы. Приведена технология приготовления чипсов спиралевидных из клубней батата, мармелада, приготовленного из муки якона, крокет из батата с начинкой из клюквы. Смоделированы и приведены рецептуры разработанных продуктов. Дана потребительская оценка готовых продуктов. Установлено, что мармелад из муки якона обладает высокими потребительскими показателями и соответствует продукту высокого качества. Имеет хорошую формоудерживающую способность, приятный коричневый цвет с шоколадным оттенком, глянцевую поверхность. Разработанный продукт обладает приятным пикантным вкусом. Изучены также показатели качества чипсов спиралевидных из клубней батата. Выявлено, что количество ломаных изделий равно нулю, цвет ломтиков от светло-желтого до светло-коричневого, вкус пикантный, характерный для батата и используемых приправ. Изучены потребительские свойства крокет из батата с клюквой и установлено, что крокеты соответствуют продукту высокого качества. Разработанные способы производства кулинарного изделия «Крокеты из батата с клюквой», мармелада с использованием муки якона, пищевых спиралевидных чипсов из клубней батата позволяют получить готовые продукты, содержащие функциональный ингредиент и обладающие высокими вкусовыми и потребительскими свойствами.
Effects of Climate Forcing Uncertainty on High-Resolution Snow Modeling and Streamflow Prediction in a Mountainous Karst Watershed
Creators: name: Tyson, Conor
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: Snow-dominated, karst watersheds present particular challenges to accurately modeling streamflow in response to differing climate conditions. This is due to the uneven distribution of snow within a basin, the varied melting rates due to terrain and climate, and the difficulty determining flow paths through karst conduits below ground. One possible solution to these challenges is to model snow at a fine scale, but climate variables are not available at these smaller spatial scales. The choices about which climate dataset to use, and how to downscale the data to a fine scale, will likely affect the accuracy of streamflow simulations. This comprises the primary goal of the thesis. For this project we simulated fine resolution snow processes using two climate datasets downscaled in two different ways and used the simulated snowmelt to feed a deep learning model that can learn patterns between the simulated snowmelt and observed streamflow to then simulate streamflow. The climate datasets differ significantly and resulted in highly different patterns of snow accumulation and melt. However, the deep learning model was able to learn the patterns with the different datasets and accurately generate streamflow for all climate datasets and downscaling methods.
Strain bursts in plastically deforming Molybdenum micro- and nanopillars
Creators: name: Zaiser, M.
name: Schwerdtfeger, J.
name: Schneider, A. S.
name: Frick, C. P.
name: Clark, B. G.
name: Gruber, P. A.
name: Arzt, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Plastic deformation of micron and sub-micron scale specimens is characterized by intermittent sequences of large strain bursts (dislocation avalanches) which are separated by regions of near-elastic loading. In the present investigation we perform a statistical characterization of strain bursts observed in stress-controlled compressive deformation of monocrystalline Molybdenum micropillars. We characterize the bursts in terms of the associated elongation increments and peak deformation rates, and demonstrate that these quantities follow power-law distributions that do not depend on specimen orientation or stress rate. We also investigate the statistics of stress increments in between the bursts, which are found to be Weibull distributed and exhibit a characteristic size effect. We discuss our findings in view of observations of deformation bursts in other materials, such as face-centered cubic and hexagonal metals.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Phil Mag
A generic and density-sensitive method for multi-scale pedestrian dynamics
Creators: name: Biedermann, Daniel H.
name: Clever, Jan
name: Borrmann, Andre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microscopic approaches to the simulation of pedestrian dynamics rely on modelling the behaviour of individual agents and their mutual interactions. Regarding the spatial resolution, microscopic simulators are either based on continuous (SpaceCont) or discrete (SpaceDisc) approaches. To combine the advantages of both approaches, we propose to integrate SpaceCont and SpaceDisc into a hybrid simulation model. Such a hybrid approach allows simulating critical regions with a continuous spatial resolution and uncritical ones with discrete spatial resolution while enabling consistent information exchange between the two simulation models. We introduce a generic approach that provides consistent solutions for the challenges resulting from coupling diverging time steps and spatial resolutions. Furthermore, we present a dynamic and density-sensitive approach to detect dense areas during the simulation run. If a critical region is detected, the simulation model used in this area is dynamically switched to a space-continuous one. The correctness of the hybrid model is evaluated by comparison with a established simulator. Its superior computational efficiency is shown by runtime comparison with a standard microscopic simulation.on with the simulation results of other, well-established simulation models.
СОЗДАНИЕ ПЕКТИН-СЫВОРОТОЧНЫХ ГЕЛЕЙ НА ОСНОВЕ БИОПЕКТИНА ИЗ РАСТИТЕЛЬНОГО СЫРЬЯ И ГИДРОЛИЗОВАННОЙ МОЛОЧНОЙ СЫВОРОТКИ
Creators: name: БУТОВА СВЕТЛАНА НИКОЛАЕВНА
name: МУЗЫКА МАКСИМ ЮРЬЕВИЧ
name: КРАСНОВА ЮЛИЯ ВАЛЕРЬЕВНА
name: ВОЛЬНОВА ЕКАТЕРИНА РОМАНОВНА
Publisher: name: Пищевая промышленность
Year: 2019
Subjects: БЕТА-ГАЛАКТОЗИДАЗА
БИОПЕКТИН
ГИДРОЛИЗ
МОЛОЧНАЯ СЫВОРОТКА
ПЕКТИН-СЫВОРОТОЧНЫЙ ГЕЛЬ

description: В настоящее время остро стоит вопрос об обеспечении населения России продуктами диетического и лечебно-профилактического назначения. К таким продуктам относятся низкокалорийные молочные продукты, которые особенно необходимы людям с лактозной непереносимостью. Удаление лактозы из молока физическими методами приводит к потере витаминов и минеральных веществ. В связи с этим ферментативное расщепление лактозы является перспективным направлением при производстве молочных продуктов, позволяющее сохранить все питательные свойства. Среди различных видов молочного сырья особое место занимает молочная сыворотка - отход молочной промышленности, обладающий высокой пищевой и биологической ценностью. Сыворотка ограниченно используется молочной промышленностью, поэтому поиск новых способов ее переработки актуален. Одним из перспективных направлений является создание структурированных продуктов на основе молочной сыворотки с добавлением гелеобразователей. Настоящая научная статья посвящена разработке сывороточных гелей с добавлением пектина, полученного ферментативным способом. В ходе данной работы определены оптимальные параметры проведения гидролиза молочной сыворотки при помощи фермента бета-галактозидазы (продуцент - дрожжи Zygofabospora marxiana BKM- 848): рН = 6,12, температура - 45 °С, продолжительность - 3 ч, концентрация биопектина - 0,4 %. Установлено, что гелеобразование в сывороточных системах зависит от различных факторов: массовая доля и вид гелеобразователя, рН, массовая доля сахарозы. Наилучшим образцом биопектина по итогам всех испытаний стал пектин из цитрусового сырья. Был получен пектин-сывороточный гель, который можно применять в качестве основы для создания молочных продуктов диетического и лечебно-профилактического назначения.
ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИ ЧИСТОГО ДИЕТИЧЕСКОГО КУПАЖИРОВАННОГО СОКА ИЗ ОВОЩЕЙ И КРАПИВЫ ДЛЯ НЕМЕДИКАМЕНТОЗНОГО ЛЕЧЕНИЯ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ ВНУТРЕННИХ ОРГАНОВ И ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ИММУНИТЕТА
Creators: name: ОМАРОВ МАГОМЕД МАНГУЕВИЧ
name: УМАРОВА ЮЛДУЗ АБДУЛКАДЫРОВНА
name: ХАЛИМБЕКОВА АИДА МУРТУЗАЛИЕВНА
name: АБДУЛХАЛИКОВ ЗАУРБЕК АБДУЛВАГАБОВИЧ
name: ХАЙТМАЗОВА ДАРБАНДИ РАМАЗАНОВНА
Publisher: name: Пищевая промышленность
Year: 2019
Subjects: ДИЕТИЧЕСКИЙ ПРОДУКТ
ЗАМОРАЖИВАНИЕ
КАПУСТА
КРАПИВА
ЛИОФИЛИЗАЦИЯ
МОРКОВЬ
СВЕКЛА
ТОМАТЫ

description: Приведены результаты исследований получения диетического купажированного сока из овощей и крапивы методом лиофильной сушки для повышения иммунитета и лечения различных заболеваний внутренних органов немедикаментозным способом. Разработана технологическая схема производства купажированного сока из капусты, свеклы, моркови, томатов и крапивы. Сырье после доставки, приемки и хранения подвергают сортировке, инспекции, мойке, очистке, резке, дроблению, прессованию, процеживанию, купажированию, замораживанию и сублимационной сушке. Выход свежих соков составляет (в %): капустного - 60, морковного - 55, свекольного - 58, томатного - 70 и крапивного - 48. Содержание сухих веществ составляют соответственно (в %): 9; 10; 12; 6 и 6, а в купажированном соке 8,2 %. Для качественного сохранения крапивы до переработки овощей (капусты, моркови, свеклы и томатов) использована МГС (модифицированная газовая среда). Для этого крапиву после инспекции и сортировки укладывали в ящики (лотки) по 2-3 кг, закрывали полиэтиленовой пленкой, оставив 2-3 отверстия для незначительного воздухообмена и предупреждения конденсации влаги на сырье. Ящики (лотки) устанавливали в холодильник при температуре 3±1 °С. За счет замедления процесса дыхания над сырьем устанавливается МГС: концентрация кислорода уменьшается до 16 %, а углекислого газа - увеличивается до 5 %. В МГС потери крапивы за счет испарения влаги составили 1 %, а при хранении без МГС 5-6 %; потери сырья от порчи и увядания также были меньше, чем в обычных условиях хранения, в 3-4 раза. Продолжительность лиофильной сушки купажированого сока в ЛССУ-3 составляет 500±20 мин. Основные качественные показатели продукта после сушки изменяются незначительно. Полученный купажированный сок рекомендуется применять для немедикаментозного лечения заболеваний желудочно-кишечного тракта, печени, почек, при малокровии, атеросклерозе, ожирении и для повышения иммунитета по 1 чайной ложке на 0,5 стакана кипяченой воды 3 раза в день за 20 мин до еды в течение 4-8 недель.
The equation of state and radial oscillations of neutron stars
Creators: name: Sun, Ting-Ting
name: Zheng, Zi-Yue
name: Chen, Huan
name: Burgio, G. Fiorella
name: Schulze, Hans-Josef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate radial oscillations of pure neutron stars and hybrid stars, employing equations of state of nuclear matter from Brueckner-Hartree-Fock theory, and of quark matter from the Dyson-Schwinger quark model, performing a Gibbs construction for the mixed phase in hybrid stars. We calculate the eigenfrequencies and corresponding oscillation functions. Our results for the zero points of the first-order radial oscillation frequencies give the maximum mass of stable neutron stars, consistent with the common criterion $dM/dρ_c=0$. Possible observations of the radial oscillation frequencies could help to learn more about the equation of state, predict the maximum mass of neutron stars more precisely, and indicate the presence of quark matter.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
EXAMINING THE ROLE OF THE COMPTON-THICK, X-RAY REPROCESSOR IN TYPE 1 ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI
Creators: name: Tatum, Malachi M
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013
Subjects: AGN
Compton-thick reprocessor
Disk wind
Seyfert galaxies
X-ray

description: Studies have indicated that black holes and their host galaxies must co-evolve, although the mechanism linking the two is not yet clear. X-ray observations of the actively accreting systems (active galactic nuclei, hereafter AGNs) over a valuable probe of conditions in the inner environs of the supermassive black hole, as X-ray production within these systems comprises a significant fraction (5%-40%) of the bolometric luminosity and originates close to the nucleus. Detailed spectroscopy in this bandpass has established that the inner environs comprise multiple X-ray absorbing zones with column densities extending into the Compton-thick regime (NH > 1024<\super> atoms cm-2). Compton-thick absorbers are known to have outflowing velocities up to 0.3c. The kinetic energy of oufltowing material with velocities > 0.1c may possibly be comparable to the gravitational binding energy of the stellar bulge and serve as a link between the black hole and the host galaxy. In addition, weak outflows may have a signicant effect on star formation in the host galaxy. In this study, we use X-ray observations of radio-quiet AGN to examine some aspects of the flow of material between the black hole and the host galaxy. First, we model a small sample of unabsorbed Seyfert galaxies, finding their X-ray spectra to be consistent with arising as reflection from tens to hundreds of rg in a Compton-thick, accretion disk wind of solar abundances seen face-on. Then, we explore properties of the local AGN population in the very hard band, above 10 keV, where there has been scant data available to date. We finnd a high flux for local AGN above 10 keV, and thus a very hard spectral shape over the Suzaku bandpass. Taken together, the spectral hardness and equivalent width of Fe K emission are consistent with reprocessing by an ensemble of Compton-thick clouds that partially cover the continuum source. Simple considerations place the distribution of Compton-thick clouds at or within 1017 cm. This work demonstrates not only that a Compton-thick wind can have a profound effect on the observed  X-ray spectrum of an AGN, even when the system is not viewed through the flow, but that at least 50% of the continuum in type 1 AGNs is partially-covered by Compton-thick gas, suggesting that type 1 AGNs may not offer a completely direct view of the primary continuum, as once thought.
Singularities on toric fibrations
Creators: name: Birkar, Caucher
name: Chen, Yifei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we investigate singularities on toric fibrations. In this context we study a conjecture of Shokurov (a special case of which is due to M$^\rm{c}$Kernan) which roughly says that if $(X,B)\to Z$ is an $ε$-lc Fano type log Calabi-Yau fibration, then the singularities of the log base $(Z,B_Z+M_Z)$ are bounded in terms of $ε$ and $\dim X$ where $B_Z,M_Z$ are the discriminant and moduli divisors of the canonical bundle formula. A corollary of our main result says that if $X\to Z$ is a toric Fano fibration with $X$ being $ε$-lc, then the multiplicities of the fibres over codimension one points are bounded depending only on $ε$ and $\dim X$.
description: 16 pages
Synthesis of Functionalize Poly(propylene imine) Dendrons for a Multifunctional Gold Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery System for Advanced Pancreatic Cancer
Creators: name: Grow, Margaret Evelyn
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2012
Subjects: dendrimer
dendron
gemcitabine
gold nanoparticle
pancreatic cancer
transferrin

description: Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States.  According to the American Cancer Society, there is a five-year survival rate of only 5% once diagnosed with this deadly disease, and while surgery, radiotherapy and traditional chemotherapy are all options for the cure, they seldom do more than extend survival and relieve symptoms.  Additionally, pancreatic cancer is often already at an advanced stage when diagnosed, mainly due to the asymptomatic character in the early stages of the disease as well as lack of early detection methods. Gemcitabine, the standard chemotherapeutic drug used to treat advanced stages of pancreatic cancer, only prolongs life marginally and relieves symptoms.  It and other chemotherapeutic agents are characterized by their short half-lives and low therapeutic indices.  While the administered chemotherapeutic drugs are meant for malignant cells, the drugs do not have the ability to specifically target them in vivo; therein lies the many unfortunate side effects due to the attack of normal cells.   This research project is focused on targeted drug delivery.  For this purpose, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) are used as the platform, since they enhance passive tumor targeting via the enhanced permeability and retention effect, and the transferrin (Tf) protein is used as an active cellular targeting moiety.  As transferrin receptors are upregulated on the surface of 93% of pancreatic cancer cells, the transferrin protein is an excellent candidate as the targeting moiety.  Herein, poly(propylene imine) (PPI) dendrons have been designed, prepared, and conjugated with Tf and used to decorate the surface of GNPs.  Moreover, the conjugation of gemcitabine to PPI dendrons has been attempted through pH sensitive bonds, and other approaches are being considered for future work. The long-term goal of this research project is to produce a new type of multifunctional nanocarrier with the intention and expectation to increase the effectiveness of the delivered chemotherapeutic agents during treatment of patients with pancreatic cancer.  This will presumably decrease the toxicity and drug resistance associated with conventional chemotherapeutic agents, as well as decrease the chemotherapeutic dose.
On the interpretation of Dirac $δ$ pulses in differential equations for phase oscillators
Creators: name: Klinshov, Vladimir
name: Lücken, Leonhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this note we discuss the usage of the Dirac $δ$ function in models of phase oscillators with pulsatile inputs. Many authors use a product of the delta function and the phase response curve in the right hand side of an ODE to describe the discontinuous phase dynamics in such systems. We point out that this notation has to be treated with care as it is ambiguous. We argue that the presumably most canonical interpretation does not lead to the intended behaviour in many cases.
description: a serious flaw in the paper
Optimization and characterization of self-assembled monolayer multilayer surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrate for immuno-nanosensors
Creators: name: Klutse, Charles Kofi
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2012
Subjects: immuno-nanosensors
multilayer
Raman
SAM
SERS
substrates

description: Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a powerful analytical tool and the recent expansion of substrates for SERS measurement broadens its field of applications, including SERS-based immuno-nanosensing. This dissertation describes the optimization and characterization of self-assembled monolayer (SAM) multilayer SERS substrates for improving performance of different types of substrates. SERS substrates derived from metal film on nanostructures were modified with multiple metal films interspaced with SAM dielectric spacers to achieve multilayered SERS substrates. The fundamental concept of this substrate geometry exploited the cumulative effect of the multiple electromagnetic fields and various properties of SAMs to optimize SERS enhancement of multilayer SERS substrates to about 20-fold compared to conventional substrates. SAMs of less bulky terminal groups of alkylthiols with relatively small dielectric constant, strong attractive interaction, and good electron donating ability enhanced multilayer SERS. Compared to SFON SERS substrates, alkyl-terminated SAM substrates exhibited about 7-fold SERS enhancement. SAM formation conditions that enhanced strong intermolecular interactions improved SERS enhancement. Thus, -COOH-terminated SAM multilayer substrates fabricated in acidic conditions exhibited SERS enhancement up to 10-fold compared to similar substrates fabricated in basic conditions. It was observed that the distance of separation of the adjacent metal films (<2 nm) was important for optimum interaction of EM fields generated on these metal films. SAM multilayer SERS substrates formed from 7 or 8 carbon atoms of alkyl-terminated alkylthiols with separation distances of 1.2 and 1.4 nm respectively exhibited about 14 to 16-fold SERS enhancement relative to SFON. A systematic increase of the separation distance between adjacent metal films beyond 2 nm led to a decrease in the SERS enhancement, indicating decreasing interactive effect between the adjacent EM fields.  In general, there was an increase in the SERS enhancement with increase in the number of SERS-active layers. Correspondingly, the relative standard deviation decreased to about 5% for multilayered substrates compared to 14% for conventional single layered substrates, thereby improving multilayer SERS reproducibility while increasing the SERS enhancement. Overall, SERS enhancement of conventional SERS substrates can be optimized using multiple SERS-active surfaces well separated with appropriate dielectric spacers and optimum separation distance.
True Tracks: Indigenous cultural and intellectual property principles for putting self-determination into practice
Creators: name: Janke, Terri
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2019

description: The appropriation of Indigenous knowledge is not adequately protected by Australian intellectual property laws. Indigenous Cultural and Intellectual Property (ICIP) rights include free, prior informed consent, integrity, attribution and benefit sharing. Appropriation of culture is demeaning but also steals economic opportunities from Indigenous people. This thesis will show how the True Tracks ICIP Protocols provide a framework for negotiating rights between ICIP holders and users. The thesis will explore ICIP and the gaps between the law in providing protection. It will also include case studies on performing arts; Indigenous arts; records management; film protocols; and traditional knowledge and biological materials. In conclusion, my thesis will demonstrate that the True Tracks ICIP Framework is a proven track record for dealing with ICIP. This approach can assist Indigenous people assert their ICIP rights with the necessary supporting infrastructure and governance. Furthermore, the True Tracks ICIP framework can inform new law.
The Power of Portunhol: Bolivian Paulistano Culture in Sao Paulo, Brazil
Creators: name: Witt, Katie Marie
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013
Subjects: Bolivian
Bourdieu
CAMI
Portunhol
Sao Paulo
Transnational

description: The occurrence of Portunhol in transnational Bolivian paulistano culture stems from the linguistic need to shift from one's home culture language of Spanish to that of the host culture language of Portuguese. Through historical background data and theoretical context of existing research on Bolivian immigration to Brazil, I developed a case study on the use of Portunhol by the non-government organization (NGO) Centro do Apoio ao Imigrante (CAMI). CAMI primarily serves transnational Bolivians working in the paulistano garment industry, who traditionally lack documentation on both federal (visa) and state (work) levels. Recently, partially due to Amnesty Law n? 5.655/2009, immigrant documentation legitimacy is on the rise. I attribute this change to the use of Portunhol between CAMI and the population they serve. I use Bourdieu's theory of symbolic capital to define Portunhol as social capital acting as an integration tool for CAMI and Bolivians who regularly use the language.
Bird’s Eye View: Local Perspectives from a Case Study of Aerial Cable Cars in Bogotá, Colombia
Creators: name: Padilla, Kimika
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: public transit
subject: accessibility
subject: mobility
subject: ethnography
subject: South America

description: The TransMiCable is an aerial cable car route that was inaugurated in December 2018, in Bogotá, Colombia. This paper examines the impacts of the TransMiCable on public transit accessibility and mobility through an ethnographic case study of two barrios in Ciudad Bolivar, a poor peripheral locality of Bogotá where the aerial cable car route was built. Although the aerial cable car is not a common form of public transit in the United States, it is a promising mode of transportation in regions like the mountainous Andes of South America, where geography limits the efficiency and feasibility of more traditional modes like cars, buses, subways, and trains. The aerial cable car is a relatively new mode of public transit, which gained widespread interest from policy-makers and academics after it was successfully implemented in Medellín, Colombia. My research addresses two central questions: How do peripheral residents in Ciudad Bolívar perceive the impact of the TransMiCable aerial cable car route on their urban mobility? And, how can city government policies and investments in public transit, particularly aerial cable cars, address historic inequality and improve public transit accessibility? My case study of Paraíso and Mirador, the two barrios at the end of the TransMiCable route, included 13 interviews and 8 group observations, mainly conducted with adult residents of Ciudad Bolívar. Interview questions and observations were designed to elicit participants’ subjective experiences with public transit, and their perceptions of the TransMiCable’s impact. This paper concludes that TransMiCable users’ commutes to the urban core are faster, safer, and more comfortable than before. The TransMiCable inspires pride and hope for some residents of Ciudad Bolívar. But respondents also identified limitations which prevented them from enjoying better mobility despite the new TransMiCable route. TransMiCable users in my research explained that although they saved a significant amount of time using the aerial cable cars instead of a public bus, budget constraints still prevented them from participating in activities around their city. From a policy perspective, my findings are particularly relevant for Bogotá and other cities with similar geographic and spatial-economic contexts, namely urban centers experiencing high income inequality with poorer residents located on the mountainous periphery.
The Culture Problem in Intercultural Communication:  Toward a Critical Proficiency of Power
Creators: name: Chen, Eunju Chung
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013
Subjects: Bourdieu
conceptualization of culture
critical theory
interculturl communication training
teacher training
TESOL

description: Intercultural Communication (INCC) is dominated by a simple conception of culture that has, in essence, led its research and literature away from attending to relations of power in intercultural relationships. INCC's traditional approach based on positivistic and static notions of culture are rather anemic in their own right but also too brittle to support the lived experiences of globalization. One negative consequence of this faulty theoretical framework is in applied INCC, intercultural communication training, which seems to have influence across disciplinary lines, specifically in teacher training programs. Therefore, in this dissertation, I offer a close examination of the culture problem in the theoretical framework of INCC and propose Bourdieu's critical social theories as an alternative approach to studying intercultural relationships. Bourdieu's conceptions of the field of power, field of opinion, symbolic capital, and habitus offer a productive means of approaching culture more critically as it situates all social interactions, of which intercultural interactions are a subset, in dynamic fields of power that have the explanatory capability to carefully attend to the relations of power at work in these social interactions. I then offer an example of how Bourdieu's theories bear out in practice when they are applied to an intercultural training program in a master's level class for pre-service ESOL (English for Speakers of Other Languages) teachers.
A Critical Review of the  Freight Pricing Mechanism  of Indian Railway
Creators: name: Anshoo Pandey
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Indian Railways, the world’s fourth-largest railway network, has seen its freight share drop from 89% in the 1950s to a meagre 29% in 2018-19. This decline, driven by the disproportionate expansion of highways compared to railways, underscores the necessity of enhancing rail transport for economic and environmental sustainability. The current freight tariff system is overly complex and rigid, failing to accurately reflect transportation costs or market demands. While the policy has been in place for several decades, there have been growing concerns that it is no longer fit for the purpose. Reforming these policies is crucial for strengthening railways’ contribution to India’s logistics market and economic growth. While numerous studies have emphasised the need for revisions in the freight pricing of the Indian Railways, none have offered concrete alternatives. In recent years, Indian Railways made efforts to improve its freight rating system. The introduction of dynamic pricing has increased revenue and steps have been taken to simplify the system by reducing the number of classes and enhancing transparency. However, significant improvements are still needed. In this research paper, we critically review the present freight rating policy of the Indian Railways, identify key challenges facing the policy, and aim to address this crucial gap by proposing practical solutions to each identified problem. This study employs both primary and secondary research methodologies. Primary research involved analysing extensive data from the Centre for Railway Information Systems to assess the impact of current pricing policies. Secondary research included a qualitative analysis of over 300 freight policy circulars from the past decade, academic literature, reports, and official documents. Industry experts and stakeholders from sectors like coal, steel, cement, food grains, and containers were consulted for insights. Additionally, statistical data from government sources and industry publications were analysed using thematic, content analysis, and descriptive statistics. This comprehensive approach ensured a well-informed evaluation of the Indian Railways’ freight tariff policies. The recommendations proposed for Indian Railways hold significant academic value by providing a comprehensive framework to improve freight tariff structures. By rationalising class categories, switching from slab-based rating to km based rating, introduction to wagon-based charging, route-wise dynamic pricing and reviewing the concept of Permissible Carrying Capacity and loading tolerance, these recommendations address fundamental inefficiencies in the current system. This study contributes to transportation economics by offering data-driven, operational strategies that could serve as models for railway systems globally. By simplifying tariff structures, embracing advanced IT systems, and adopting dynamic, kilometre-based, and wagonbased charging, these changes promise increased transparency, efficiency, and accurac
The Photon-Assisted Cascaded Electron Multiplier: a Concept for Potential Avalanche-Ion Blocking
Creators: name: Veloso, J. F. C. A.
name: Amaro, F. D.
name: Santos, J. M. F. dos
name: Breskin, A.
name: Lyashenko, A.
name: Chechik, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a Photon-Assisted Cascaded Electron Multipliers (PACEM) which has a potential for ion back-flow blocking in gaseous radiation detectors: the avalanche from a first multiplication stage propagates to the successive one via its photons, which in turn induce photoelectron emission from a photocathode deposited on the second multiplier stage; the multiplication process may further continue via electron-avalanche propagation. The photon-mediated stage allows, by a proper choice of geometry and fields, complete blocking of the ion back-flow into the first element; thus, only ions from the latter will flow back to the drift region. The PACEM concept was validated in a double-MHSP (Micro-Hole & Strip Plate) cascaded multiplier operated in xenon, where the intermediate scintillation stage provided optical gain of ~60. The double-MHSP detector had a total gain above 10^4 and energy resolution of 18% FWHM for 5.9 keV x-rays.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures. Submitted to JINST - electronic Journal of Instrumentation, June 25, 2006
Proton and neutron skins and symmetry energy of mirror nuclei
Creators: name: Gaidarov, M. K.
name: Moumene, I.
name: Antonov, A. N.
name: Kadrev, D. N.
name: Sarriguren, P.
name: de Guerra, E. Moya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The neutron skin of nuclei is an important fundamental property, but its accurate measurement faces many challenges. Inspired by charge symmetry of nuclear forces, the neutron skin of a neutron-rich nucleus is related to the difference between the charge radii of the corresponding mirror nuclei. We investigate this relation within the framework of the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov method with Skyrme interactions. Predictions for proton skins are also made for several mirror pairs in the middle mass range. For the first time the correlation between the thickness of the neutron skin and the characteristics related with the density dependence of the nuclear symmetry energy is investigated simultaneously for nuclei and their corresponding mirror partners. As an example, the Ni isotopic chain with mass number $A=48-60$ is considered. These quantities are calculated within the coherent density fluctuation model using Brueckner and Skyrme energy-density functionals for isospin asymmetric nuclear matter with two Skyrme-type effective interactions, SkM* and SLy4. Results are also presented for the symmetry energy as a function of $A$ for a family of mirror pairs from selected chains of nuclei with $Z=20$, $N=14$, and $N=50$. The evolution curves show a similar behavior crossing at the $N=Z$ nucleus in each chain and a smooth growing deviation when $N\neq Z$ starts. Comparison of our results for the radii and skins with those from the calculations based on high-precision chiral forces is made.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in Nuclear Physics A
Analysis of Factors that Regulate Asymmetric Cell Division in the alga Volvox carteri
Creators: name: Pappas, Valeria Regina
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biology, Molecular (0307)

description: Asymmetric cell divisions are critical for generating cellular diversity in multicellular organisms. Volvox carteri
Topheavy and special Bishop-Phelps cones, Lyapunov rank, and related topics
Creators: name: Trott, David Woodall
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2014
Subjects: Bishop-Phelps cone
Irreducible cone
Lyapunov rank
topheavy cone

description: Motivated by optimization considerations, this dissertation investigates cones of the form C = cl(cone({1} x S)), where S is a non-empty arbitrary subset of R^{n-1}, as well as the corresponding completely positive cone K_C generated by C. First, we investigate the interrelations between S and C. Specifically, we show that many of the properties of the cone C are inherited from the underlying set S. With this realization, we determine which traits of S result in desirable properties for the cone C, such as pointedness, connected interior, etc. Further restricting our attention, we consider a special type of the cone C that reduces to the form {(t,x): t >=
description: x
description: }, where
description: *
description: is a norm on R^{n-1}. We show that cones of this type, which are called topheavy cones or special Bishop-Phelps (BP) cones, are always irreducible when n is greater than or equal to three. Defining the Lyapunov rank of a proper cone as the dimension of the Lie algebra of the automorphism group of the cone, in this dissertation, we show that the Lyapunov rank of any special Bishop-Phelps polyhedral cone in R^n, when n is greater than or equal to three, is one. We build on an earlier known result for the l_{1,+}^n cone (which is a special Bishop-Phelps cone with 1-norm) and show that any l_{p,+}^n cone, where p is between one and infinity but not equal to two, has Lyapunov rank one. In the last part of the dissertation, we study automorphisms of special Bishop-Phelps cones. In particular, we give a complete description of the automorphism group of the l_{1,+}^n cone as well as properties for the automorphisms of l_{p,+}^n cone. We also introduce the concept of conjugate pair preserving automorphisms on special Bishop-Phelps cones.
DEVELOPMENT OF ULTRA-MICRO ELECTRODE BASED BIOSENSORS
Creators: name: Davila Morris, Melissa Esther
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2014
Subjects: aptamer based sensors
astrocyte
ATP
electrochemistry
gliotransmitter
micro electrodes

description: Here I present a novel method for fabrication. characterization and optimization of micro scale, electrochemical aptamer-based sensors with the aim of developing sensors capable of quantitatively monitoring small molecule release from single cells in complex media. As a proof of concept, I have selected adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as a target molecule, since it is implicated in astrocyte communication in the central nervous system. Electrochemical methods provide powerful tools for the detection of molecular messenger release, but they are limited to molecules that are electrochemically active in a reasonable potential window. As such, current electrochemical methods for neuronal studies cannot detect ATP, since it is not electrochemically active in the preferred window for analysis. While the goal is to develop ATP sensors, the sensors developed can be generalized to any target molecule. The development of these sensors will enable study of gliotransmission with unprecedented spatiotemporal resolution and chemical specificity for analysis.
SCENT Research Report on citizen attitudes and behaviours
Creators: name: Hume, Amy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: The purpose of this deliverable is to establish the current attitudes and behaviours of citizens in relation to their participation in environmental monitoring. The research focuses on the two large scale pilots – the urban case of Kifisos and the rural case of the Danube Delta. A combined qualitative and quantitative approach was used to assess the attitudes and behaviours, and understand their potential involvement in SCENT.
Timing and tectonic setting of volcanogenic massive sulphide deposits in British Columbia: constraints from U-Pb geochronology, radiogenic isotopes, and geochemistry
Creators: name: Childe, Fiona Christina
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Volcanogenic massive sulphide (VMS) deposits occur within several of the allochthonous terranes of the North American Cordillera in British Columbia. In this study, the age of mineralization was determined for a number of these deposits. The radiogenic isotopic and geochemical signatures of host rocks and the mineralization were used to constrain the tectonic settings in which these deposits formed. The radiogenic isotopic signatures and geochemical affinities of three of these deposits in Stikinia, the Middle Jurassic Au-Ag-rich Eskay Creek deposit, the Late Triassic Cu-rich Granduc deposit, and the Late Mississippian polymetallic Tulsequah Chief deposit, assist in defining the evolution of this complex terrane. Rhyolite, which hosts and underlies mineralization at Eskay Creek has a primitive radiogenic isotopic and chemical character which is distinct from that of rhyolites of the same age within the region. Similarly, basalt which structurally underlies mineralization at Granduc is isotopically and chemically primitive relative to basalt which occurs within the same group regionally, and indicates formation within a back arc basin or immature island arc. The Tulsequah Chief deposit in northern Stikinia exhibits isotopic and geochemical features indicative of a more evolved island arc setting, which may reflect a variation in the basement to this terrane. The Cu-Zn-rich Kutcho Creek VMS deposit is hosted within felsic-dominated strata of the Kutcho Assemblage. Permo-Triassic to earliest Triassic ages are established for volcanic rocks which host mineralization. These ages, along with primitive radiogenic isotopic and geochemical signatures, indicate that these rocks and their contained mineralization formed in a primitive arc or fore-arc setting built on oceanic basement. Uranium-Pb dating and isotopic and geochemical studies of volcanic and intrusive rocks in fault-bounded slices further south in the Cordillera indicate that this Permo-Triassic magmatic event was widespread, and possibly define a new terrane. Age, isotopic and geochemical information was also obtained for igneous rocks within pendants and belts enclosed within the Coast Plutonic Complex which host VMS mineralization. New data for intrusive rocks from the Scotia-Quaal Belt and Anyox pendant are permissive of formation of these units within Stikinia.
Eu$^{2+}$: a suitable substituent for Pb$^{2+}$ in CsPbX$_3$ perovskite nanocrystals?
Creators: name: Alam, Firoz
name: Wegner, K. David
name: Pouget, Stephanie
name: Amidani, Lucia
name: Kvashnina, Kristina
name: Aldakov, Dmitry
name: Reiss, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Eu$^{2+}$ is used to replace toxic Pb$^{2+}$ in metal halide perovskite nanocrystals (NCs). The synthesis implies injection of cesium oleate into a solution of europium (II) bromide at an experimentally determined optimum temperature of 130C and a reaction time of 60s. Structural analysis indicates the formation of spherical CsEuBr$_3$ nanoparticles with a mean size of 43nm. Using EuI$_2$ instead of EuBr$_2$ leads to the formation of 18nm CsI nanoparticles, while EuCl$_2$ does not show any reaction with cesium oleate forming 80nm EuCl2 nanoparticles. The obtained CsEuBr3 NCs exhibit bright blue emission at 413nm (FWHM 30 nm) with a room temperature photoluminescence quantum yield of 39%. The emission originates from the Laporte-allowed 4f7-4f65d1 transition of Eu$^{2+}$ and shows a PL decay time of 263ns. The long-term stability of the optical properties is observed, making inorganic lead-free CsEuBr$_3$ NCs promising deep blue emitters for optoelectronics.
description: The Journal of Chemical Physics (2019)
Titania-doped tantala/silica coatings for gravitational-wave detection
Creators: name: Harry, Gregory M.
name: Abernathy, Matthew R.
name: Becerra-Toledo, Andres E.
name: Armandula, Helena
name: Black, Eric
name: Dooley, Kate
name: Eichenfield, Matt
name: Nwabugwu, Chinyere
name: Villar, Akira
name: Crooks, D. R. M.
name: Cagnoli, Gianpietro
name: Hough, Jim
name: How, Colin R.
name: MacLaren, Ian
name: Murray, Peter
name: Reid, Stuart
name: Rowan, Sheila
name: Sneddon, Peter H.
name: Fejer, Martin M
name: Route, Roger
name: Penn, Steven D.
name: Ganau, Patrick
name: Mackowski, Jean-Marie
name: Michel, Christophe
name: Pinard, Laurent
name: Remillieux, Alban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reducing thermal noise from optical coatings is crucial to reaching the required sensitivity in next generation interferometric gravitational-waves detectors. Here we show that adding TiO$_2$ to Ta$_2$O$_5$ in Ta$_2$O$_5$/SiO$_2$ coatings reduces the internal friction and in addition present data confirming it reduces thermal noise. We also show that TiO$_2$-doped Ta$_2$O$_5$/SiO$_2$ coatings are close to satisfying the optical absorption requirements of second generation gravitational-wave detectors.
Advances in imaging THGEM-based detectors
Creators: name: Cortesi, M.
name: Chechik, R.
name: Breskin, A.
name: Guedes, G.
name: Dangendorf, V.
name: Vartzky, D.
name: Bar, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thick GEM (THGEM) [1] is an "expanded" GEM, economically produced in the PCB industry by simple drilling and etching in G-10 or other insulating materials (fig. 1). Similar to GEM, its operation is based on electron gas avalanche multiplication in sub-mm holes, resulting in very high gain and fast signals. Due to its large hole size, the THGEM is particularly efficient in transporting the electrons into and from the holes, leading to efficient single-electron detection and effective cascaded operation. The THGEM provides true pixilated radiation localization, ns signals, high gain and high rate capability. For a comprehensive summary of the THGEM properties, the reader is referred to [2, 3]. In this article we present a summary of our recent study on THGEM-based imaging, carried out with a 10x10 cm^2 double-THGEM detector.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures. Presented at the 10th Pisa Meeting on Advanced Detectors; ELBA-Italy; May 21-27 2006
Mesoscale phase separation of chromatin in the nucleus
Creators: name: Bajpai, Gaurav
name: Amiad-Pavlov, Daria
name: Lorber, Dana
name: Volk, Talila
name: Safran, Samuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intact-organism imaging of Drosophila larvae reveals and quantifies chromatin-aqueous phase separation. The chromatin can be organized near the lamina layer of the nuclear envelope, conventionally fill the nucleus, be organized centrally, or as a wetting droplet. These transitions are controlled by changes in nuclear volume and the interaction of chromatin with the lamina (part of the nuclear envelope) at the nuclear periphery. Using a simple polymeric model that includes the key features of chromatin self-attraction and its binding to the lamina, we demonstrate theoretically that it is the competition of these two effects that determines the mode of chromatin distribution. The qualitative trends as well as the compositional profiles obtained in our simulations compare well with the observed intact-organism imaging and quantification. Since the simulations contain only a small number of physical variables we can identify the generic mechanisms underlying the changes in the observed phase separations.
description: 22 pages, 6 Fugures