cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mildly relativistic magnetized shocks in electron-ion plasmas -- II. Particle acceleration and heating
Creators: name: Ligorini, Arianna
name: Niemiec, Jacek
name: Kobzar, Oleh
name: Iwamoto, Masanori
name: Bohdan, Artem
name: Pohl, Martin
name: Matsumoto, Yosuke
name: Amano, Takanobu
name: Matsukiyo, Shuichi
name: Hoshino, Masahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particle acceleration and heating at mildly relativistic magnetized shocks in electron-ion plasma are investigated with unprecedentedly high-resolution two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations that include ion-scale shock rippling. Electrons are super-adiabatically heated at the shock, and most of the energy transfer from protons to electrons takes place at or downstream of the shock. We are the first to demonstrate that shock rippling is crucial for the energization of electrons at the shock. They remain well below equipartition with the protons. The downstream electron spectra are approximately thermal with a limited supra-thermal power-law component. Our results are discussed in the context of wakefield acceleration and the modelling of electromagnetic radiation from blazar cores.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures; This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in MNRAS following peer review
วิเคราะห์คำวินิจฉัยศาลปกครองเชียงใหม่ คดีหมายเลขแดงที่ 62/2547
Creators: name: ลักคณา พบร่มเย็น
Publisher: name: คณะนิติศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยเชียงใหม่
Year: 2005

description: 1, 3, วารสารนิติสังคมศาสตร์
An analysis of ion transport peptide and related transcripts in desert and migratory locusts
Creators: name: Macins, Andris
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Maintenance of a homeostatic internal environment is necessary for all organisms to function. or the desert locust, a stable osmotic and ionic internal environment is especially critical when faced with widely fluctuating water and ion availability. The locust hindgut is the primary site of ion and fluid reabsorption. This reabsorptive process is regulated to carefully balance the internal environment. Although the transport mechanisms have been described thoroughly, the control of these processes is not well understood. Ion Transport Peptide (ITP) isolated from Schistocerca gregaria corpora cardiaca (CC) stimulates Na+ , K+ , CI- and water reabsorption in the locust hindgut. Both synthetic and expressed forms of ITP mimic the activity of S. gregaria CC in a biological assay. The ITP peptide and the related transcript ITP-L are the first insect members identified of a large crustacean hormone family. The purpose of this study is to examine two questions regarding ITP: 1. Is ITP restricted to the brain and CC as suggested by bioassay results? 2. Do other insects have ITP or ITP-like peptides as suggested by bioassay results? Using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) I found ITP transcripts in the brain, corpora cardiaca and unexpectedly in the rectum. Using the same method, I found ITP is expressed during embryogenesis as early as day 9, and localized to the heads of day 12 eggs. ITP-L RNA is observed in all tissues tested and the temporal distribution of ITP-L is equally ubiquitous, as transcripts are demonstrated within in utero eggs through to day 14. Western blot analysis shows an ITP peptide of about 7.6 kD in CC homogenates. Possible post-translational differences are suggested at the C-terminal end of the ITP peptide between S. gregaria and ITP of synthetic origin and ITP from Locusta migratoria CC. RT-PCR analysis demonstrates alternate 5' sequences for both ITP and ITP-L and that there are possibly two more ITP-like transcripts in the brain. Finally, I report the sequence of L. migratoria ITP and ITP-L cloned from brain total RNA which shows high (>90%) identity relative to S. gregaria.
Rainbow Ranche Account Statement from I.H. Hallett to [J.E. McAllister], May 27, 1913
Creators: name: Hallett, I.H.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Account statement of the Rainbow Ranche account from I.H. Hallett to J.E. McAllister, dated May 27, 1913, from Greenwood, B.C.
Inflation at the Tip
Creators: name: Pajer, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the motion of a (space filling) D3-brane at the tip of a warped deformed conifold, looking for inflationary trajectories. In our setup no anti D3-brane is present and the inflaton potential is induced by threshold corrections to the superpotential. First we study the slow roll regime and find that, allowing for fine tuning, hilltop inflation compatible with CMB data can take place. Then we consider the DBI regime and formulate a necessary condition for a phenomenologically viable inflationary stage. En passant, we propose a mechanism to cancel the large inflaton mass in the standard radial D3-anti D3-brane inflation.
description: 48 pages, 8 figures
ความเป็นธรรมในคดีอาญา ต่อรองได้จริงหรือ?
Creators: name: สาลิณี สายเชื้อ
Publisher: name: คณะนิติศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยเชียงใหม่
Year: 2005

description: 1, 3, วารสารนิติสังคมศาสตร์
Review and Comparison of Commonly Used Activation Functions for Deep Neural Networks
Creators: name: Szandała, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The primary neural networks decision-making units are activation functions. Moreover, they evaluate the output of networks neural node; thus, they are essential for the performance of the whole network. Hence, it is critical to choose the most appropriate activation function in neural networks calculation. Acharya et al. (2018) suggest that numerous recipes have been formulated over the years, though some of them are considered deprecated these days since they are unable to operate properly under some conditions. These functions have a variety of characteristics, which are deemed essential to successfully learning. Their monotonicity, individual derivatives, and finite of their range are some of these characteristics (Bach 2017). This research paper will evaluate the commonly used additive functions, such as swish, ReLU, Sigmoid, and so forth. This will be followed by their properties, own cons and pros, and particular formula application recommendations.
Utility of a Special Second Scalar Doublet
Creators: name: Ma, Ernest
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This Brief Review deals with the recent resurgence of interest in adding a second scalar doublet (eta^+,eta^0) to the Standard Model of particle interactions. In most studies, it is taken for granted that eta^0 should have a nonzero vacuum expectation value, even if it may be very small. What if there is an exactly conserved symmetry which ensures =0? The phenomenological ramifications of this idea include dark matter, radiative neutrino mass, leptogenesis, and grand unification.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure
MIGHTEE-HI: The HI emission project of the MeerKAT MIGHTEE survey
Creators: name: Maddox, Natasha
name: Frank, Bradley S.
name: Ponomareva, A. A.
name: Jarvis, M. J.
name: Adams, E. A. K.
name: Davé, R.
name: Oosterloo, T. A.
name: Santos, M. G.
name: Blyth, S. L.
name: Glowacki, M.
name: Kraan-Korteweg, R. C.
name: Mulaudzi, W.
name: Namumba, B.
name: Prandoni, I.
name: Rajohnson, S. H. A.
name: Spekkens, K.
name: Adams, N. J.
name: Bowler, R. A. A.
name: Collier, J. D.
name: Heywood, I.
name: Sekhar, S.
name: Taylor, A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the HI emission project within the MIGHTEE survey, currently being carried out with the newly commissioned MeerKAT radio telescope. This is one of the first deep, blind, medium-wide interferometric surveys for neutral hydrogen (HI) ever undertaken, extending our knowledge of HI emission to z=0.6. The science goals of this medium-deep, medium-wide survey are extensive, including the evolution of the neutral gas content of galaxies over the past 5 billion years. Simulations predict nearly 3000 galaxies over 0
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
title: Evolving high-level imperative program trees with genetic programming
Creators: name: Castle, Thomas Anthony
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2021

description: Genetic Programming (GP) is a technique which uses an evolutionary metaphor to automatically generate computer programs. Although GP proclaims to evolve computer programs, historically it has been used to produce code which more closely resembles mathematical formulae than the well structured programs that modern programmers aim to produce. The objective of this thesis is to explore the use of GP in generating high-level imperative programs and to present some novel techniques to progress this aim. A novel set of extensions to Montana’s Strongly Typed Genetic Programming system are presented that provide a mechanism for constraining the structure of program trees. It is demonstrated that these constraints are sufficient to evolve programs with a naturally imperative structure and to support the use of many common high-level imperative language constructs such as loops. Further simple algorithm modifications are made to support additional constructs, such as variable declarations that create new limited-scope variables. Six non-trivial problems, including sorting and the general even parity problem, are used to experimentally compare the performance of the systems and configurations proposed. Software metrics are widely used in the software engineering process for many purposes, but are largely unused in GP. A detailed analysis of evolved programs is presented using seven different metrics, including cyclomatic complexity and Halstead’s program effort. The relationship between these metrics and a program’s fitness and evaluation time is explored. It is discovered that these metrics are poorly suited for application to improve GP performance, but other potential uses are proposed.
Notebook E (October 1971-December 1975)
Creators: name: Hutchison, Alexander
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Literature
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/999953
subject: Philosophy
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1060777
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Poets
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067778
subject: Poets, Scottish
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1068037
subject: Theology
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1149559
subject: Poetry, Modern
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067769
subject: College teachers
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/868114
subject: Authors
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821688

description: Alexander ("Sandy") Hutchison (1943-2015) was a Scottish poet who taught at various colleges and universities on Vancouver Island between the 1960s-80s, including the Department of English at the University of Victoria in 1966. These notebooks contain content ranging from notes about/from various philosophers, to personal correspondence, to drafts of his poetry.
Attributing U.S. Campylobacteriosis Cases to Food Sources, Season, and Temperature
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Sandra
name: Ashton, Lydia
name: Todd, Jessica E.
name: Ahn, Jae-Wan
name: Berck, Peter
name: Hoffmann, Sandra
name: Ashton, Lydia
name: Todd, Jessica E.
name: Ahn, Jae-Wan
name: Berck, Peter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Campylobacter, food source attribution, foodborne illness, big data, FoodNet surveillance, Homescan© purchase data, food exposures, foodborne disease epidemiology, food safety, poultry exposure, berries, leafy greens

description: This paper presents a new approach to estimating the relationship between consumption of specific foods and foodborne illness in the United States. We apply this approach to the case of foodborne sporadic campylobacteriosis illness. Most foodborne illness is sporadic and not part of a widespread outbreak. Foodborne Campylobacter infections are widely thought to be linked to chicken and are highly seasonal, primarily driven by temperature. We find that chicken purchased for consumption at home is not associated with sporadic Campylobacter infection in the United States, while ground beef and berries purchased for consumption at home are. The association between seasonality and the rate of Campylobacter infections is stronger than the association with temperature.
The multilevel pairing Hamiltonian versus the degenerate case
Creators: name: Barbaro, M. B.
name: Cenni, R.
name: Chiacchiera, S.
name: Molinari, A.
name: Palumbo, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the pairing Hamiltonian in a set of non degenerate levels. First, we review in the path integral framework the spontaneous breaking of the U(1) symmetry occurring in such a system for the degenerate situation. Then the behaviors with the coupling constant of the ground state energy in the multilevel and in the degenerate case are compared. Next we discuss, in the multilevel case, an exact strong coupling expansion for the ground state energy which introduces the moments of the single particle level distribution. The domain of validity of the expansion, which is known in the macroscopic limit, is explored for finite systems and its implications for the energy of the latter is discussed. Finally the seniority and Gaudin excitations of the pairing Hamiltonian are addressed and shown to display the same gap in leading order.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures
Nonlinear and Hysteretic Ultrasound Propagation in Solid $^4$He: Dynamics of Dislocation Lines and Pinning Impurities
Creators: name: Iwasa, Izumi
name: Kojima, Harry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the measurements of 9.6 MHz ultrasound propagation down to 15 mK in polycrystalline quantum solid $^4$He containing 0.3 and 20 ppm $^3$He impurities. The attenuation and speed of ultrasound are strongly affected by the dislocation vibration. The observed increase in attenuation from 1.2 K to a peak near 0.3 K is independent of drive amplitude and reflects crossover from overdamped to underdamped oscillation of dislocations pinned at network nodes. Below 0.3 K, amplitude-dependent and hysteretic variations are observed in both attenuation and speed. The attenuation decreases from the peak at 0.3 K to a very small constant value below 70 mK at sufficiently low drive amplitudes of ultrasound, while it remains a high value down to 15mK at the highest drive amplitude. The behaviors at low drive amplitudes can be well described by the effects of the thermal pinning and unpinning of dislocations by the impurities. The binding energy between a dislocation line and a $^3$He atom is estimated to be 0.35 K. The nonlinear and hysteretic behaviors at intermediate drive amplitudes are analyzed in terms of stress-induced unpinning which may occur catastrophically within a network dislocation segment. The relaxation time for pinning at 15 mK is very short ($< 4$ s), while more than 1,000 s is required for unpinning.
description: 22 pages, 18 figures, to be published in Physical Review B
title: Swelling Pavement
title: KY 499 Estill County
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Beckham, Tony L.
name: Hopkins, Tommy C.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: A field and laboratory investigation was performed to determine why excessive swelling was occurring on a pavement section of KY Route 499 that was about four years old. Swelling occurred on a section of roadway that had been constructed with a hydrated lime-stabilized subgrade. As shown by laboratory swell tests, swelling of the pavement was due to the absorption of water and expansion of the compacted clay shale subgrade. Results of laboratory swell tests showed that the hydrated lime stabilization of the shale actually reduced swelling. Chemical reactions between calcium, present in the hydrated lime, and sulfates, which were present in small amounts did not contribute to swell.
Inverse Scattering at a Fixed Energy for Long-Range Potentials
Creators: name: Weder, Ricardo
name: Yafaev, Dimitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81U40, 35P25, 35Q40, 35R30

description: In this paper we consider the inverse scattering problem at a fixed energy for the Schrödinger equation with a long-range potential in $\ere^d, d\geq 3$. We prove that the long-range part can be uniquely reconstructed from the leading forward singularity of the scattering amplitude at some positive energy.
careables final platform
Creators: name: Savoldelli, Marta
name: Bassi, Enrico
name: Hulskes
name: Geenen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Open Source Hardware
platform
healthcare

description: The objective of this deliverable is to illustrate, with a non-technical approach, the final structure of the Careables platform, which is about co-design in the healthcare domain and gathers documented solutions helping people with disabilities perform a task, with an improvement of the quality of their life. We call these open solutions “careables” emphasizing their ability to take care of people’s health. Co-design and emerging needs of the maker communities - especially connected to the COVID-19 response - guided the creation of new features and both architectural design and contents decisions, and this improved platform functionality, usability, and user experience. The platform has two constituting instances - which are closely interconnected but can be also accessed individually - and have the following distinctive functions: ● the Careables website (www.careables.org􏰀 is the main point of entrance for our users (makers, healthcare professionals and people with disabilities􏰀 and provides knowledge and support towards self-activation; ● the Welder website (www.welder.app/careables􏰀 is the repository of careables and an environment for collaborative development using the documentation tool.
Effect of prelay calcium and molting on egg production in white leghorn hens
Creators: name: Sanky Nagarajan, Hephzibah
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Two prelay and one molt studies were conducted to study the effect of dietary calcium supplementation and molting on subsequent egg production in White Leghorn hens. In prelay study I, the effect of 1, 2, 3.5% dietary calcium at 16, 17 and 18 weeks was studied with 1,248 pullets. There was no significant difference in egg production, egg weight or specific gravity. However there was a difference in the distribution of egg size. Revenue, total feed consumption and profit were calculated. There was higher profit from feeding a commercial prelay diet (2% calcium) at 16 weeks of age. In prelay study II, 625 chicks from two strains (H & N and Hyline ) were used to study the effect of prelay calcium on egg production. They were subjected to four treatments containing three levels of calcium (1, 2, and 3.5% ) at 16 and 17 weeks of age. There was no significant difference in egg production, egg weight or egg specific gravity . However, there was a difference in egg size. Revenue, total feed consumption and profit were calculated. Treatment 3 which involved feeding a grower diet between 16-17 weeks and a prelay diet from 17 weeks to first egg was beneficial as it had a higher profit in the Hyline strain but treatment 2 which involved feeding a prelay diet from 16 weeks to first egg was found to be beneficial in terms of profit in H&N strain. In the molt study, the same birds as in prelay study I were subjected to molting at 57 weeks of age for a period of 20 days. During the molting the birds were fed cracked corn. Five layers were sacrificed at random and their tibias and femurs were removed for measurement of calcium in the medullary bone before and after molting them. Calcium was higher in the medullary bones before molting which was due to the effect of the layer diet fed earlier. In the post molt period the hens were fed eight diets containing two levels of protein (17 and 15%), calcium (2 and 3.25%) and available phosphorus (0.32 and 0.25%). Three birds per treatment were sacrificed and the right tibia and femur analyzed for medullary bone calcium content to determine the effect of postmolt diets on medullary bone calcium. There was no significant difference in the calcium contents of medullary bone between the tibia and femur for all the treatments. However treatment 4 which supplied 17% protein, 3.25% calcium, and 0.25% phosphorus gave a higher percentage of calcium in the tibia and femur and produced more extra large eggs. There was no significant difference in egg production, egg weight or specific gravity among all treatments.
High Energy Positrons and the WMAP Haze from Exciting Dark Matter
Creators: name: Cholis, Ilias
name: Goodenough, Lisa
name: Weiner, Neal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the signals of positrons and electrons from "exciting" dark matter (XDM) annihilation. Because of the light (m_phi ~< 1 GeV) force carrier phi into which the dark matter states can annihilate, the electrons and positrons are generally very boosted, yielding a hard spectrum, in addition to the low energy positrons needed for INTEGRAL observations of the galactic center. We consider the relevance of this scenario for HEAT, PAMELA and the WMAP "haze," focusing on light (m_phi ~< 2 m_pi) phi bosons, and find that significant signals can be found for all three, although significant signals generally require high dark matter densities. We find that measurements of the positron fraction are generally insensitive to the halo model, but do suffer significant astrophysical uncertainties. We discuss the implications for upcoming PAMELA results.
description: 22 pages plus appendix; v2 corrected implementation of GALPROP; included fits to preliminary low energy PAMELA data; higher cross sections or dark matter densities required for signals, otherwise conclusions unchanged
Development of Kentucky’s Highway Incident Management Strategic Plan
Creators: name: Barrett, Monica L.
name: Crabtree, Joseph D.
name: Pigman, Jerry G.
name: Walton, Jennifer R.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: Even though Kentucky has undertaken many initiatives to improve specific aspects of incident management, there has never been a plan that establishes an overall framework for a systematic, statewide, multi-agency effort to improve the management of highway incidents. The objective of this project was to develop a strategic plan that provides a vision and strategy for significantly improving all aspects of incident management. This report identifies the current and best practices for highway incident management in the United States and in Kentucky and establishes a vision for the future of highway incident management in Kentucky. The Plan developed through the efforts of this project consists of a mission statement, 4 goals, 16 objectives, and 49 action strategies. The action strategies are arranged by priority and recommended time frame for implementation. When implemented, the action strategies will help Kentucky achieve its primary goals for incident management: 1) improved safety of responders, highway workers, and motorists; 2) reduced traffic delay; 3) improved motorist awareness; and 4) improved responder and highway worker preparedness.
Percolation transition and dissipation in quantum Ising magnets
Creators: name: Hoyos, J. A.
name: Vojta, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of dissipation on a randomly diluted transverse-field Ising magnet close to the percolation threshold. For weak transverse fields, a novel percolation quantum phase transition separates a superparamagnetic cluster phase from an inhomogeneously ordered ferromagnetic phase. The properties of this transition are dominated by large frozen and slowly fluctuating percolation clusters. This leads to a discontinuous magnetization-field curve and exotic hysteresis phenomena as well as highly singular behavior of magnetic susceptibility and specific heat. We compare our results to the smeared transition in generic dissipative random quantum Ising magnets. We also discuss the relation to metallic quantum magnets and other experimental realizations.
description: 4 pages, 2 eps figures, final version as published
Kentucky’s Highway Incident Management Strategic Plan
Creators: name: Barrett, Monica L.
name: Crabtree, Joseph D.
name: Pigman, Jerry G.
name: Walton, Jennifer R.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: Kentucky ’s Highway Incident Management Strategic Plan consists of a mission statement, 4 goals, 16 objectives, and 49 action strategies. The action strategies are arranged by priority and recommended time frame for implementation. When implemented, the action strategies will help Kentucky achieve its primary goals for incident management: 1) improved safety of responders, highway workers, and motorists; 2) reduced traffic delay; 3) improved motorist awareness; and 4) improved responder and highway worker preparedness.
Entropy production in thermostats II
Creators: name: Dairbekov, Nurlan S.
name: Paternain, Gabriel P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that an arbitrary Anosov Gaussian thermostat close to equilibrium has positive entropy poduction unless the external field $E$ has a global potential. The configuration space is allowed to have any dimension and magnetic forces are also allowed. We also show the following non-perturbative result. Suppose a Gaussian thermostat satisfies \[K_{w}(σ)+{1/4}|E_σ|^2<0\] for every 2-plane $σ$, where $K_{w}$ is the sectional curvature of the associated Weyl connection and $E_σ$ is the orthogonal projection of $E$ onto $σ$. Then the entropy production of any SRB measure is positive unless $E$ has a global potential. A related non-perturbative result is also obtained for certain generalized thermostats on surfaces.
Chemical evolution in Sersic 159-03 observed with XMM-Newton
Creators: name: de Plaa, J.
name: Werner, N.
name: Bykov, A. M.
name: Kaastra, J. S.
name: Mendez, M.
name: Vink, J.
name: Bleeker, J. A. M.
name: Bonamente, M.
name: Peterson, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a new long X-ray observation of the cluster of galaxies Sersic 159-03 with XMM-Newton, we derive radial temperature and abundance profiles using single- and multi-temperature models. The fits to the EPIC and RGS spectra prefer multi-temperature models especially in the core. The radial profiles of oxygen and iron measured with EPIC/RGS and the line profiles in RGS suggest that there is a dip in the O/Fe ratio in the centre of the cluster compared to its immediate surroundings. A possible explanation for the large scale metallicity distribution is that SNIa and SNII products are released in the ICM through ram-pressure stripping of in-falling galaxies. This causes a peaked metallicity distribution. In addition, SNIa in the central cD galaxy enrich mainly the centre of the cluster with iron. This excess of SNIa products is consistent with the low O/Fe ratio we detect in the centre of the cluster. We fit the abundances we obtain with yields from SNIa, SNII and Population-III stars to derive the clusters chemical evolution. We find that the measured abundance pattern does not require a Population-III star contribution. The relative contribution of the number of SNIa with respect to the total number of SNe which enrich the ICM is about 25-50%. Furthermore, we discuss the possible presence of a non-thermal component in the EPIC spectra. A potential source of this non-thermal emission can be inverse-Compton scattering between Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) photons and relativistic electrons, which are accelerated in bow shocks associated with ram-pressure stripping of in-falling galaxies.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures, Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
The Metallicity Dependence of the High-Mass X-ray Binary Luminosity Function
Creators: name: Lehmer, Bret D.
name: Eufrasio, Rafael T.
name: Basu-Zych, Antara
name: Doore, Keith
name: Fragos, Tassos
name: Garofali, Kristen
name: Kovlakas, Konstantinos
name: Williams, Benjamin J.
name: Zezas, Andreas
name: Santana-Silva, Luidhy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present detailed constraints on the metallicity dependence of the high mass X-ray binary (HMXB) X-ray luminosity function (XLF). We analyze ~5 Ms of Chandra data for 55 actively star-forming galaxies at D < 30 Mpc with gas-phase metallicities spanning 12 + log(O/H) = 7-9.2. Within the galactic footprints, our sample contains a total of 1311 X-ray point sources, of which ~49% are expected to be HMXBs, with the remaining sources likely to be low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs; ~22%) and unrelated background sources (~29%). We construct a model that successfully characterizes the average HMXB XLF over the full metallicity range. We demonstrate that the SFR-normalized HMXB XLF shows clear trends with metallicity, with steadily increasing numbers of luminous and ultraluminous X-ray sources (logL(erg/s) = 38-40.5) with declining metallicity. However, we find that the low-luminosity (logL(erg/s) = 36-38) HMXB XLF appears to show a nearly constant SFR scaling and slope with metallicity. Our model provides a revised scaling relation of integrated LX/SFR versus 12 + log(O/H) and a new characterization of its the SFR-dependent stochastic scatter. The general trend of this relation is broadly consistent with past studies based on integrated galaxy emission; however, our model suggests that this relation is driven primarily by the high-luminosity end of the HMXB XLF. Our results have implications for binary population synthesis models, the nature of super-Eddington accreting objects (e.g., ultraluminous X-ray sources), recent efforts to identify active galactic nucleus candidates in dwarf galaxies, and the X-ray radiation fields in the early Universe during the epoch of cosmic heating at z > 10.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Monitoring Culvert Load With Shallow Filling Under Geofoam Areas
Creators: name: Sun, Charlie
name: Hopkins, Tommy C.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: Geofoam and the “Imperfect Ditch” method can be used effectively on embankment projects to reduce pressures on underground structures when sufficient fill height is available to create an arching effect. When the fill height is too shallow the arching effect cannot be created. However, the pressure acting on the underground structure can still be reduced by making use of the very small unit weight of lightweight geofoam material. In this study, stresses acting on a three-sided culvert were reduced using lightweight geofoam. Initially, the culvert had been designed to carry a 6-foot loading. During construction it was discovered that the culvert must support a 9-foot embankment loading. In an attempt to maintain the original design pressure and accommodate the increased height of backfill, the contractor proposed substituting 2 feet of the fill soil with 2 feet of ultra-light weight geofoam. To check the proposed solution, stress cells were installed on the three-sided culvert to measure actual in situ pressures. Using measured pressures acting on the culvert, a numerical model (by using FLAC 4.0) was “calibrated” to back calculate pressure for the original design situation involving the fill height of 6 feet. Using the “calibrated” properties of the fill materials, pressures were calculated for fill heights with and without geofoam. Pressures obtained from the calibrated model involving 7 feet of fill and a 2-foot layer of geofoam are compared to the pressures obtained for the 6 feet of fill.
Diagrammatic Monte Carlo
Creators: name: Van Houcke, Kris
name: Kozik, Evgeny
name: Prokof'ev, Nikolay
name: Svistunov, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diagrammatic Monte Carlo (DiagMC) is a numeric technique that allows one to calculate quantities specified in terms of diagrammatic expansions, the latter being a standard tool of many-body quantum statistics. The sign problem that is typically fatal to Monte Carlo approaches, appears to be manageable with DiagMC. Starting with a general introduction to the principles of DiagMC, we present a detailed description of the DiagMC scheme for interacting fermions (Hubbard model), as well as the first illustrative results for the equations of state.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures. To appear in: Computer Simulation Studies in Condensed Matter Physics XXI, Eds. D.P. Landau, S.P. Lewis, and H.B. Schuttler (Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, Berlin 2008)
Modeling the hierarchical circadian timing system: investigating interactions between the SCN-HPA axis-periphery
Creators: name: Li, Yannuo
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2023

description: The circadian clock serves as a robust endogenous timing system that enables organisms to adjust their behavior and physiology to light/dark (activity/inactivity) transitions. This hierarchical process involves a light-entrainable central pacemaker located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, and subordinate peripheral clocks that align with each other and the external environment. The SCN regulates photoperiod changes by modifying its internal neuronal network and transducing the day-length signal to peripheral sites throughout the organism. However, the underlying coupling mechanisms of the SCN and the interplay between the SCN and the HPA axis have yet to be fully elucidated. The effects of photoperiod-induced variations of glucocorticoids on the synchronization of peripheral clocks are not fully understood, and the interaction between jetlag adaption and photoperiod changes is unclear. Considering the complex hierarchical structure of the circadian timing system, mathematical modeling offers advantages in accessing the physiological system at a holistic level, uncovering potential mechanisms, and quantifying properties that are experimentally challenging to identify. This dissertation presents a semi-mechanistic mathematical modeling framework that evaluates the effects of circadian disruption on the SCN-HPA axis-peripheral clocks in response to jetlag, photoperiod changes, and other forms of stress. Our results predict the existence of personalized synchronization strategies that enable the maintenance of homeostatic rhythms while allowing for differential responses to transient and permanent light schedule changes. Furthermore, we demonstrate that high-amplitude glucocorticoid rhythms lead to a more coherent phase distribution in the periphery. We investigate the effects of photoperiod exposure on jetlag recovery time and phase shift, proposing different interventional strategies for eastward and westward jetlag. Additionally, we examine the effects of personalized light interruption, including jetlag and shift work, on the circadian system and suggest potential personalized recovery strategies for transitions between time zones and lighting zones. This thesis provides significant insights into the mechanisms of circadian timing system organization and personalized interventions for maintaining healthy circadian rhythms. The findings shed light on the underlying mechanisms of circadian adaptation and non-pharmacological interventions for jetlag, providing a basis for further studies and potential clinical applications.
Discovering Chiral Higgsinos at the LHC
Creators: name: Arvanitaki, Asimina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The concept of chirality is extended to the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) and the mu term is forbidden by a gauged U(1)' symmetry. R-parity automatically emerges after symmetry breaking, suppressing proton decay and protecting the LSP. Exotics charged under the SM pose a challenge to traditional SU(5) unification, but unification is still implemented in deconstructed GUTs. Because of the multitude of additional states to the MSSM, the Z' has a large width, and the SM background, neglected in previous theoretical studies, becomes important for Z' discovery. As a result, the LHC reach is reduced from 3.2 TeV, for a Z' with SM decays, to 1.5 TeV, when additional decay channels are included. This model also predicts possibly long-lived colored and electroweak exotics.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures v2: minor corrections, 11 pages, 5 figures
Practical Solution Concepts for Planning and Designing Roadways in Kentucky
Creators: name: Stamatiadis, Nikiforos
name: Kirk, Adam
name: Hartman, Donald L.
name: Pigman, Jerry G.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: Kentucky’s highway agency has embarked upon an initiative tagged “Practical Solutions” which sets its goal toward reducing costs throughout the project development process extended into operations and maintenance of all highway facilities. This study focuses on the planning and design stages of project development. Developing a procedure that yields up to the maximum margin of return for the investment requires an approach that takes into account specific safety issues and the commensurate design elements for each roadway. Such an approach requires that the project 1) achieves the stated goals/objectives and 2) delivers the highest rate of return for the investment.  The purpose of this study was to examine available research and develop a hypothetical example to establish the efficacy of a practical solutions approach to planning and design as well as to propose a concept and principles for application and provide a real world example of the practical design that could be achieved.
Careables Final Impact Assessment Report
Creators: name: Schaefer, Teresa
name: Kieslinger, Barbara
name: Fabian, M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: The main goal of this deliverable is to show the impact of the Careable activities on an individual and societal level. In our project, care receivers, healthcare professionals and makers join forces to co-create careables, which are tailor made solutions designed to better suit patients’ needs.
The Discovery of Three New z>5 Quasars in the AGN and Galaxy Evolution Survey
Creators: name: Cool, Richard J.
name: Kochanek, Christopher S.
name: Eisenstein, Daniel J.
name: Stern, Daniel
name: Brand, Kate
name: Brown, Michael J. I.
name: Dey, Arjun
name: Eisenhardt, Peter R.
name: Fan, Xiaohui
name: Gonzalez, Anthony H.
name: Green, Richard F.
name: Jannuzi, Buell T.
name: McKenzie, Eric H.
name: Rieke, George H.
name: Rieke, Marcia
name: Soifer, Baruch T.
name: Spinrad, Hyron
name: Elston, Richard J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the discovery of three z>5 quasars in the AGN and Galaxy Evolution Survey (AGES) spectroscopic observations of the NOAO Deep Wide-Field Survey (NDWFS) Bootes Field. These quasars were selected as part of a larger Spitzer mid-infrared quasar sample with no selection based on optical colors. The highest redshift object, NDWFS J142516.3+325409, z=5.85, is the lowest-luminosity z>5.8 quasar currently known. We compare mid-infrared techniques for identifying z>5 quasars to more traditional optical techniques and show that mid-infrared colors allow for selection of high-redshift quasars even at redshifts where quasars lie near the optical stellar locus and at z>7 where optical selection is impossible. Using the superb multi-wavelength coverage available in the NDWFS Bootes field, we construct the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of high-redshift quasars from observed Bw-band to 24 microns (rest-frame 600 Angstroms - 3.7 microns). We show that the three high-redshift quasars have quite similar SEDs, and the rest-frame composite SED of low-redshift quasars from the literature shows little evolution compared to our high-redshift objects. We compare the number of z>5 quasars we have discovered to the expected number from published quasar luminosity functions. While analyses of the quasar luminosity function are tenuous based on only three objects, we find that a relatively steep luminosity function with Psi L^(-3.2) provides the best agreement with the number of high-redshift quasars discovered in our survey.
description: 9 page, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in AJ
Topological input-output theory for directional amplification
Creators: name: Ramos, Tomás
name: García-Ripoll, Juan José
name: Porras, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a topological approach to the input-output relations of photonic driven-dissipative lattices acting as directional amplifiers. Our theory relies on a mapping from the optical non-Hermitian coupling matrix to an effective topological insulator Hamiltonian. This mapping is based on the singular value decomposition of non-Hermitian coupling matrices, whose inverse matrix determines the linear input-output response of the system. In topologically non-trivial regimes, the input-output response of the lattice is dominated by singular vectors with zero singular values that are the equivalent of zero-energy states in topological insulators, leading to directional amplification of a coherent input signal. In such topological amplification regime, our theoretical framework allows us to fully characterize the amplification properties of the quantum device such as gain, bandwidth, added noise, and noise-to-signal ratio. We exemplify our ideas in a one-dimensional non-reciprocal photonic lattice, for which we derive fully analytical predictions. We show that the directional amplification is near quantum-limited with a gain growing exponentially with system size, $N$, while the noise-to-signal ratio is suppressed as $1/\sqrt{N}$. This points out to interesting applications of our theory for quantum signal amplification and single-photon detection.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures
A Model for Reliable Uplink Transmissions in LoRaWAN
Creators: name: Khan, Furqan Hameed
name: Jurdak, Raja
name: Portmann, Marius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Long range wide area networks (LoRaWAN) technology provides a simple solution to enable low-cost services for low power internet-of-things (IoT) networks in various applications. The current evaluation of LoRaWAN networks relies on simulations or early testing, which are typically time consuming and prevent effective exploration of the design space. This paper proposes an analytical model to calculate the delay and energy consumed for reliable Uplink (UL) data delivery in Class A LoRaWAN. The analytical model is evaluated using a real network test-bed as well as simulation experiments based on the ns-3 LoRaWAN module. The resulting comparison confirms that the model accurately estimates the delay and energy consumed in the considered environment. The value of the model is demonstrated via its application to evaluate the impact of the number of end-devices and the maximum number of data frame retransmissions on delay and energy consumed for the confirmed UL data delivery in LoRaWAN networks. The model can be used to optimize different transmission parameters in future LoRaWAN networks.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Bifurcations in Resonance Widths of an Open Bose-Hubbard Dimer
Creators: name: Hiller, M.
name: Kottos, T.
name: Ossipov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the structure of resonance widths of a Bose-Hubbard Dimer with intersite hopping amplitude $k$, which is coupled to continuum at one of the sites with strength $γ$. Using an effective non-Hermitian Hamiltonian formalism, we show that by varying the on-site interaction term $χ$ the resonances undergo consequent bifurcations. For $Λ=k/γ\geq 0.5$, the bifurcation points follow a scaling law ${\tilde χ}_n \equiv χ_n N/k = f_Λ(n-0.5/Λ)$, where $N$ is the number of bosons. For the function $f_Λ$ two different $Λ$ dependences are found around the minimum and the maximum bifurcation point.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Dark Matter Detection With Bound Nuclear Targets: The Poisson Phonon Tail
Creators: name: Kahn, Yonatan
name: Krnjaic, Gordan
name: Mandava, Bashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark matter (DM) scattering with nuclei in solid-state systems may produce elastic nuclear recoil at high energies and single-phonon excitation at low energies. When the dark matter momentum is comparable to the momentum spread of nuclei bound in a lattice, $q_0 = \sqrt{2 m_N ω_0}$ where $m_N$ is the mass of the nucleus and $ω_0$ is the optical phonon energy, an intermediate scattering regime characterized by multi-phonon excitations emerges. We study a greatly simplified model of a single nucleus in a harmonic potential and show that, while the mean energy deposited for a given momentum transfer $q$ is equal to the elastic value $q^2/(2m_N)$, the phonon occupation number follows a Poisson distribution and thus the energy spread is $ΔE = q\sqrt{ω_0/(2m_N)}$. This observation suggests that low-threshold calorimetric detectors may have significantly increased sensitivity to sub-GeV DM compared to the expectation from elastic scattering, even when the energy threshold is above the single-phonon energy, by exploiting the tail of the Poisson distribution for phonons above the elastic energy. We use a simple model of electronic excitations to argue that this multi-phonon signal will also accompany ionization signals induced from DM-electron scattering or the Migdal effect. In well-motivated models where DM couples to a heavy, kinetically-mixed dark photon, we show that these signals can probe experimental milestones for cosmological DM production via thermal freeze-out, including the thermal target for Majorana fermion DM.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, plus supplementary material