cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Disrupting Terrorist Networks, a dynamic fitness landscape approach
Creators: name: Fellman, Philip V.
name: Clemens, Jonathan P.
name: Wright, Roxana
name: Post, Jonathan Vos
name: Dadmun, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over a period of approximately five years, Pankaj Ghemawat of Harvard Business School and Daniel Levinthal of the Wharton School have been working on a detailed simulation (producing approximately a million fitness landscape graphs) in order to determine optimal patterns of decision-making for corporations. In 2006, we adapted this study, combining it with our own work on terrorism to examine what would happen if we inverted Ghemawat and Levinthal's findings and sought to provide disinformation or otherwise interfere with the communications and decision processes of terrorist organizations in order to optimize poor decision making and inefficiencies in organizational coordination, command and control. The bulk of this study was then presented at the 2006 annual meeting of the North American Association for Computation in the Social and Organizational Sciences. We present here an updated version of that study, emphasizing the rather counter-intuitive finding that "soft" targets have almost no value and that unless one can influence key factors, an effort directed at the easy to reach elements of terrorist organizations may actually be worse than mounting no effort at all. We conclude with the recommendation that some fundamental rethinking may be required if the United States is to effectively defend itself from future terrorist attacks.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures. Proceedings of the 2006 annual meeting of the North American Association for Computation in the Social and Organizational Sciences
Alpha decay chains from element 113
Creators: name: Chowdhury, P. Roy
name: Basu, D. N.
name: Samanta, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theoretical estimates of $α$-decay half lives of several nuclei in the decay from element 113 are presented. Calculations in a WKB framework using DDM3Y interaction and experimental Q-values are in good agreement with the experimental data. Half life calculations are found to be quite sensitive to the Q-values and angular momenta transfers. Calculated decay lifetime decreases, owing to more penetrability as well as thinner barrier, as Q-value increases. Deviations to this predominant behaviour observed in some recent experimental data may be attributed to non zero spin-parities in some cases.
description: 3 pages
Spin lifetime in silicon in the presence of parasitic electronic effects
Creators: name: Huang, Biqin
name: Monsma, Douwe J.
name: Appelbaum, Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A hybrid ferromagnet/semiconductor device is used to determine a lower bound on the spin lifetime for conduction electrons in silicon. We use spin precession to self-consistently measure the drift velocity vs. drift field of spin-polarized electrons and use this electronic control to change the transit time between electron injection and detection. A measurement of normalized magnetocurrent as a function of drift velocity is used with a simple exponential-decay model to argue that the lifetime obtained (~2 ns) is artificially lowered by electronic effects and is likely orders of magnitude higher.
Closed conformal Killing-Yano tensor and geodesic integrability
Creators: name: Houri, Tsuyoshi
name: Oota, Takeshi
name: Yasui, Yukinori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Assuming the existence of a single rank-2 closed conformal Killing-Yano tensor with a certain symmetry we show that there exist mutually commuting rank-2 Killing tensors and Killing vectors. We also discuss the condition of separation of variables for the geodesic Hamilton-Jacobi equations.
description: 17 pages, no figure, LaTeX
From 'Resilience' to Strategic Autonomy: A Shift in the Implementation of the Global Strategy?
Creators: name: Bargués, Pol
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: There is a growing scepticism regarding the implementation of the European Union Global Strategy (2016), which builds on the idea of fostering resilience to the east and south, in a neighbourhood increasingly threatened by governance breakdown and violent conflict. Scholars highlight the vagueness of resilience, as well as the existing contradictions between policy sectors and member states’ preferences, as key elements constraining EU foreign policy. In response to these shortcomings, the idea of ‘strategic autonomy’ is currently being deployed to entertain a geopolitical EU and implement the Global Strategy more efficiently. This paper discusses how the idea of strategic autonomy is used, contrasts it with that of resilience as envisioned in the Global Strategy, and highlights some unforeseen risks for the EU external action: 1) strategic autonomy might be unrealistic in the short term and thus widen the gap between capabilities and expectations; (2) intervening geopolitically can also imply a move away from aspirations to foster resilience in a constructive and cooperative way with other partners.
The KATRIN sensitivity to the neutrino mass and to right-handed currents in beta decay
Creators: name: Bonn, J.
name: Eitel, K.
name: Glück, F.
name: Sevilla-Sanchez, D.
name: Titov, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of the KArlsruhe TRItium Neutrino experiment KATRIN is the determination of the absolute neutrino mass scale down to 0.2 eV, with essentially smaller model dependence than from cosmology and neutrinoless double beta decay. For this purpose, the integral electron energy spectrum is measured close to the endpoint of molecular tritium beta decay. The endpoint, together with the neutrino mass, should be fitted from the KATRIN data as a free parameter. The right-handed couplings change the electron energy spectrum close to the endpoint, therefore they have some effect also to the precise neutrino mass determination. The statistical calculations show that, using the endpoint as a free parameter, the unaccounted right-handed couplings constrained by many beta decay experiments can change the fitted neutrino mass value, relative to the true neutrino mass, by not larger than about 5-10 %. Using, incorrectly, the endpoint as a fixed input parameter, the above change of the neutrino mass can be much larger, order of 100 %, and for some cases it can happen that for large true neutrino mass value the fitted neutrino mass squared is negative. Publications using fixed endpoint and presenting large right-handed coupling effects to the neutrino mass determination are not relevant for the KATRIN experiment.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, 12 references
The Complexity of Model Checking Higher-Order Fixpoint Logic
Creators: name: Axelsson, Roland
name: Lange, Martin
name: Somla, Rafal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.3.1; F.4.1

description: Higher-Order Fixpoint Logic (HFL) is a hybrid of the simply typed λ-calculus and the modal λ-calculus. This makes it a highly expressive temporal logic that is capable of expressing various interesting correctness properties of programs that are not expressible in the modal λ-calculus. This paper provides complexity results for its model checking problem. In particular we consider those fragments of HFL built by using only types of bounded order k and arity m. We establish k-fold exponential time completeness for model checking each such fragment. For the upper bound we use fixpoint elimination to obtain reachability games that are singly-exponential in the size of the formula and k-fold exponential in the size of the underlying transition system. These games can be solved in deterministic linear time. As a simple consequence, we obtain an exponential time upper bound on the expression complexity of each such fragment. The lower bound is established by a reduction from the word problem for alternating (k-1)-fold exponential space bounded Turing Machines. Since there are fixed machines of that type whose word problems are already hard with respect to k-fold exponential time, we obtain, as a corollary, k-fold exponential time completeness for the data complexity of our fragments of HFL, provided m exceeds 3. This also yields a hierarchy result in expressive power.
description: 33 pages, 2 figures, to be published in Logical Methods in Computer Science
Additional file 1 of Triptolide with hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity used in local delivery treatment of myocardial infarction by thermosensitive hydrogel
Creators: name: Wang, Kun
name: Zhu, Ke
name: Zhu, Ziyang
name: Shao, Fuqiang
name: Qian, Ruijie
name: Wang, Chenyang
name: Dong, Haiqing
name: Li, Yongyong
name: Gao, Zairong
name: Zhao, Jun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Supplementary Material 1
title: Testing for real interest rate convergence in European countries
Creators: name: Fountas, Stilianos
Publisher: name: National University of Ireland, Galway
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Economics
subject: Real interest parity
subject: Cointegration with regime shifts

description: We use cointegration tests that determine endogenously the regime shift to test for bilateral short-term and long-term real interest rate convergence in the European Monetary System in the 1979-1993 period. The results of these tests provide strong evidence in favour of bilateral real interest rate convergence between Germany and several countries in our sample, particularly for long-term real interest rates. This result carries the important policy implication that in several European countries monetary policy has lost some of its effectiveness as a stabilisation policy tool.
Dynamical friction force exerted on spherical bodies
Creators: name: Esquivel, O.
name: Fuchs, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a rigorous calculation of the dynamical friction force exerted on a spherical massive perturber moving through an infinite homogenous system of field stars. By calculating the shape and mass of the polarization cloud induced by the perturber in the background system, which decelerates the motion of the perturber, we recover Chandrasekhar's drag force law with a modified Coulomb logarithm. As concrete examples we calculate the drag force exerted on a Plummer sphere or a sphere with the density distribution of a Hernquist profile. It is shown that the shape of the perturber affects only the exact form of the Coulomb logarithm. The latter converges on small scales, because encounters of the test and field stars with impact parameters less than the size of the massive perturber become inefficient. We confirm this way earlier results based on the impulse approximation of small angle scatterings.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, accepted in MNRAS
Additional file 1 of Tumor immunogenomic signatures improve a prognostic model of melanoma survival
Creators: name: Morales, Leah
name: Simpson, Danny
name: Ferguson, Robert
name: Cadley, John
name: Esteva, Eduardo
name: Monson, Kelsey
name: Vylyny Chat
name: Martinez, Carlos
name: Weber, Jeffrey
name: Osman, Iman
name: Kirchhoff, Tomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Tables and Figures: Table S1. Immunogenomic and tumor microenvironment characteristics of TCGA SKCM patients; Table S2. Patient characteristics in the study population (Discovery, Validation 1 and Validation 2); Table S3. Neo-epitope thresholds derived from TMB; Table S4. Cox proportional hazards assumption verification; Table S5. Multivariate Cox PH models; Table S6. Multivariate Cox PH regression showing the association of covariates and post-accession survival; Figure S1. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showing the association of tumor mutation burden with melanoma survival; Figure S2. Scatterplot showing relationship between tumor mutation burden and neo-epitope burden.
Created-by-current states in long Josephson junctions
Creators: name: Boyadjiev, T. L.
name: Andreeva, O. Yu.
name: Semerdjieva, E. G.
name: Shukrinov, Yu. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Critical curves "critical current - external magnetic field" of long Josephson junctions with inhomogeneity and variable width are studied. We demonstrate the existence of the regions of magnetic field where some fluxon states are stable only, if the external current through the junction is different from zero. Position and size of such regions depend on length of the junction, its geometry, parameters of inhomogeneity and form of the junction. The noncentral (left and right) pure fluxon states are appeared in the inhomogeneous Josephson junction with increase in the junction length. We demonstrate new bifurcation points with change in width of the inhomogeneity and amplitude of the Josephson current through the inhomogeneity.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures
Signals of Very High Energy Neutralinos in Future Cosmic Ray Detectors
Creators: name: Bornhauser, Sascha
name: Drees, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: ``Top--down'' models explain the observation of ultra high energy cosmic rays (UHECR; $E \gsim 5 \cdot 10^{19}$ eV) through the decay of very massive, long--lived ``$X$ particles''. If superparticles with masses near a TeV exist, $X$ decays also lead to a significant flux of very energetic neutralinos, assumed to be the (stable or long--lived) lightest superparticles. There is a range of energies where neutrinos get absorbed in the Earth, but neutralinos can still traverse it. These neutralinos could in principle be detected. We calculate the detection rate in planned experiments such as OWL and EUSO. For bino--like neutralinos, which have been considered previously, we find detection rates below 1 event per Teraton of target and year in all cases; often the rates are much smaller. In contrast, if the neutralino is higgsino--like, more than ten events per year per Teraton might be observed, if the mass of the $X$ particle is near its lower bound of $\sim 10^{12}$ GeV.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures
Four- and Five-Body Scattering Calculations
Creators: name: Hiyama, Emiko
name: Suganuma, Hideo
name: Kamimura, Masayasu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the five-quark system $uudd{\bar s}$ in the standard non-relativistic quark model by solving the scattering problem. Using the Gaussian Expansion Method (GEM), we perform the almost precise multi-quark calculations by treating a very large five-body modelspace including the NK scattering channel explicitly. Although a lot of pseudostates (discretized continuum states) with $J^π={1/2}^\pm$ and $J^π={3/2}^\pm$ are obtained within the bound-state approximation, all the states in $1.4-1.85$ GeV in mass around ${\rm {\rm Θ}}^+(1540)$ melt into non-resonant continuum states through the coupling with the NK scattering state in the realistic case, i.e., there is no five-quark resonance below 1.85GeV. Instead, we predict a five-quark resonance state of $J^π={1/2}^-$ with the mass of about 1.9GeV and the width of $Γ\simeq$ 2.68MeV. Similar calculation is done for the four-quark system $c{\bar c}q{\bar q}$ ($q=u,d$) in connection with X$^0$(3872).
Tubular Neighborhoods of Nodal Sets and Diophantine Approximation
Creators: name: Jakobson, Dmitry
name: Mangoubi, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58J50, 32B99, 11J70

description: We give upper and lower bounds on the volume of a tubular neighborhood of the nodal set of an eigenfunction of the Laplacian on a real analytic closed Riemannian manifold M. As an application we consider the question of approximating points on M by nodal sets, and explore analogy with approximation by rational numbers.
description: 22 pages; revised version containing full proof of lower bound; reference added; to appear in Amer. J. Math.
title: The 2007 Crisis and Countercyclical Policy
Creators: name: O'Connell, Joan
Publisher: name: National University of Ireland, Galway
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Economics

description: The purpose of the paper is to outline the global financial and economic crisis that began in 2007, together with the macroeconomic policy changes that were put in place as a result. Design : The content is partly descriptive and partly analytical. Findings : The paper sets out the history of the financial and economic crisis to date. Originality : This is determined by the subject matter, and consists mainly in the manner in which the material is presented.
Hidden past of dark energy cosmological models
Creators: name: Fernandez-Jambrina, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we analyse the possibility of having homogeneous isotropic cosmological models with observers reaching $t=\infty$ in finite proper time. It is shown that just observationally-suggested dark energy models with $w\in(-5/3,-1)$ show this feature and that they are endowed with an exotic curvature singularity. Furthermore, it is shown that non-accelerated observers in these models may experience a duration of the universe as short as desired by increasing their linear momentum. A subdivision of phantom models in two families according to this behavior is suggested.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, RevTeX4, new references and comments added
title: Caring and Theories of Welfare Economics
Creators: name: O'Shea, Eamon
name: Kennelly, Brendan
Publisher: name: National University of Ireland, Galway
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Economics
subject: Caring
subject: Families
subject: Old people
subject: Welfare economics

description: This paper explores the relationship between theories of welfare economics and our understanding of the care of old people within families. It is difficult to make sense of family care relationships within the framework of any single approach to welfare economics. Standard utilitarian welfare economics implies that there are no transendent standards of morality, virtue or justice for appraising human actions. This view is hard to reconcile with the amount of care given by families to dependent and vulnerable old people living at home. The nature of informal caring relationships rests on a delicate balance between affection, reciprocity and moral responsibility. Utilitarianism is a useful way to begin the evaluation process, but it cannot fully capture the complexity of caring relationships, which require a far deeper understanding of human interaction than revealed preference analysis allows. Economists, and others working in this area, must be prepared to explore other theories of welfare economics if progress is to be made on understanding care relationships.
A construction of noncontractible simply connected cell-like two dimensional Peano continua
Creators: name: Eda, Katsuya
name: Karimov, Umed H.
name: Repovš, Dušan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57N60, 54C55, 54F15, 55M15

description: Using the topologist sine curve we present a new functorial construction of cone-like spaces, starting in the category of all path-connected topological spaces with a base point and continuous maps, and ending in the subcategory of all simply connected spaces. If one starts by a noncontractible n-dimensional Peano continuum for any n>0, then our construction yields a simply connected noncontractible (n + 1)-dimensional cell-like Peano continuum. In particular, starting with the circle $\mathbb{S}^1$, one gets a noncontractible simply connected cell-like 2-dimensional Peano continuum.
Additional file 1 of Bariatric surgery can acutely modulate ER-stress and inflammation on subcutaneous adipose tissue in non-diabetic patients with obesity
Creators: name: Ferraz-Bannitz, Rafael
name: Welendorf, Caroline Rossi
name: Coelho, Priscila Oliveira
name: Salgado, Wilson
name: Nonino, Carla Barbosa
name: Beraldo, Rebeca A.
name: Foss-Freitas, Maria Cristina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Gene Expression of adipose tissue 3 and 6 months post RYGB compared with Baseline.
Leiobunum longipes Menge 1854
Creators: name: Dunlop, Jason
name: Mitov, Plamen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Opiliones
Phalangiidae
Leiobunum
Leiobunum longipes

description: Leiobunum longipes Menge, 1854 Figs 30, 33 Synonymy. See Dunlop (2006, pp. 172-173). Holotype. Probably originally in Danzig (= Gdańsk, Poland), current whereabouts unknown (see also Dunlop 2006), from Baltic amber (Palaeogene, Eocene); precise locality unclear. Additional material. MB.A. 1662 (series 15/10, provisionally labelled “Gyantinae cf. Amilenus ” but not in fact referable to this genus; see above), probably from the site of the Goitsche open-cast Mine near Bitterfeld, Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany; Palaeogene (Oligocene: Chattian). Description. MB.A. 1656 (Figs 30, 33) is an almost complete specimen of a fairly large harvestman in dorsal view. Body length: 2.1 mm; width of prosoma and opisthosoma 1.3 mm. Carapace procurved anteriorly, with clear division into promeso- and metapeltidium, and centrally located ocular tubercle. Length of ocularium 0.225 mm, width 0.275 mm, distance from ocular tubercle to front of prosoma 0.25 mm. Opisthosoma covered by scutum parvum bearing in places slightly granular ornament; posterior region and any segmentation here obscure. Body covered with small black dots and a subcuticular, silvery pigment. Chelicerae equivocal. Pedipalps short and pediform, but details lacking. Legs relatively complete, at least proximally, elongate and slender. Leg 1 femur length 1.83 mm, patella, 0.24. Leg 2 only known from incomplete femora. Leg 3 complete with podomere lengths (in mm) of femur, 1.79; patella, 0.45; tibia, 1.52; metatarsus, 1.86, tarsus, 3.20. Tarsus divided into 24 individual elements, becoming shorter distally, and ending in a single claw (apotele). Leg 4 only known from incomplete femora. Remarks. Leiobunum longipes Menge, 1854 is present in both Baltic and Bitterfeld amber. Apparently quite common in Baltic amber (Staręga 2002), this fossil is fairly large compared to the other Bitterfeld finds. Nevertheless, it is probably still only a juvenile, although we see nothing which differentiates it from the species known from Baltic amber.
description: Published as part of Dunlop, Jason & Mitov, Plamen, 2009, Fossil harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones) from Bitterfeld amber, pp. 347-375 in ZooKeys 16 on page 369, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.16.224, http://zenodo.org/record/576490
description: {"references": ["Dunlop JA (2006) Baltic amber harvestman types (Arachnida: Opiliones: Eupnoi and Dyspnoi). Fossil Record 9: 167 - 182.", "Starega W (2002) Baltic amber harvestmen (Opiliones) from Polish collections. Annales Zoologici 52: 601 - 604."]}
Theory for Magnetic Anisotropy of Field-Induced Insulator-to-Metal Transition in Cubic Kondo Insulator YbB_{12}
Creators: name: Izumi, Toshiyuki
name: Imai, Yoshiki
name: Saso, Tetsuro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetization and energy gap of Kondo insulator YbB_{12} are calculated theoretically based on the previously proposed tight-binding model composed of Yb 5d$ε$ and 4f $Γ_8$ orbitals. It is found that magnetization curves are almost isotropic, naturally expected from the cubic symmetry, but that the gap-closing field has an anisotropy: the gap closes faster for the field in (100) direction than in (110) and (111) directions, in accord with the experiments. This is qualitatively understood by considering the maximal eigenvalues of the total angular momentum operators projected on each direction of the magnetic field. But the numerical calculation based on the band model yields better agreement with the experiment.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, to appear in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn
Classical dispersion-cancellation interferometry
Creators: name: Resch, K. J.
name: Puvanathasan, P.
name: Lundeen, J. S.
name: Mitchell, M. W.
name: Bizheva, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Even-order dispersion cancellation, an effect previously identified with frequency-entangled photons, is demonstrated experimentally for the first time with a linear, classical interferometer. A combination of a broad bandwidth laser and a high resolution spectrometer was used to measure the intensity correlations between anti-correlated optical frequencies. Only 14% broadening of the correlation signal is observed when significant material dispersion, enough to broaden the regular interferogram by 4250%, is introduced into one arm of the interferometer.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
title: Sozialticket-Atlas für Deutschland - In Leichter Sprache
title: Informationen in Leichter Sprache - Neue Informationen zum Sozial-Ticket: Der Sozial-Ticket-Atlas
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Aberle, Christoph
Publisher: name: TUHH Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Welfare Ticket
subject: Public Transport
subject: Transit
subject: Accessibility
subject: Social Exclusion
subject: Poverty
subject: Deutschlandticket
subject: Disability
subject: Transport Disadvantage
subject: Transport Poverty
classificationCode: 3
subject: Social Sciences::360: Social Problems, Social Services
classificationCode: 3
subject: Social Sciences::380: Commerce, Communications, Transport

description: Summary of the Welfare Ticket Atlas in 'Easy Read' German
description: Zusammenfassung des Sozialticket-Atlas in Leichter Sprache
A Dark Energy Model Characterized by the Age of the Universe
Creators: name: Cai, Rong-Gen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum mechanics together with general relativity leads to the Károlyházy relation and a corresponding energy density of quantum fluctuations of space-time. Based on the energy density we propose a dark energy model, in which the age of the universe is introduced as the length measure. This dark energy is consistent with astronomical data if the unique numerical parameter in the dark energy model is taken to be a number of order one. The dark energy behaves like a cosmological constant at early time and drives the universe to an eternally accelerated expansion with power-law form at late time. In addition, we point out a subtlety in this kind of dark energy model.
description: Latex, 8 pages with one figure;v2: some minor changes and a few references added;v3: some explanations on the result added; v4: the version to appear in PLB
title: A Disequilibrium Macrodynamic Model of Fluctuations
Creators: name: Velupillai, Vela K.
Publisher: name: National University of Ireland, Galway
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Disequilibrium macrodynamics
subject: Macroeconomic fluctuations
subject: Non-linear macrodynamics
subject: Hopf bifurcation
subject: Economics

description: A nonlinear disequilibrium macrodynamic model of uctuations in the labour and product markets, mediated by variations in factor shares, is developed and the exis- tence of a periodic orbit is proved using the Hopf bifurcation theorem.
MOESM6 of Mutation of 4-coumarate: coenzyme A ligase 1 gene affects lignin biosynthesis and increases the cell wall digestibility in maize brown midrib5 mutants
Creators: name: Xiong, Wangdan
name: Wu, Zhenying
name: Liu, Yuchen
name: Li, Yu
name: Su, Kunlong
name: Bai, Zetao
name: Guo, Siyi
name: Hu, Zhubing
name: Zhang, Zhiming
name: Bao, Yan
name: Sun, Juan
name: Yang, Guofeng
name: Fu, Chunxiang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 6: Fig. S3. Phylogenetic analysis of 4CLs in vascular plants.
Zero delay synchronization of chaos in coupled map lattices
Creators: name: Santhanam, M. S.
name: Arora, Siddharth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that two coupled map lattices that are mutually coupled to one another with a delay can display zero delay synchronization if they are driven by a third coupled map lattice. We analytically estimate the parametric regimes that lead to synchronization and show that the presence of mutual delays enhances synchronization to some extent. The zero delay or isochronal synchronization is reasonably robust against mismatches in the internal parameters of the coupled map lattices and we analytically estimate the synchronization error bounds.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures ; To appear in Phys. Rev. E
An approach to music education based on the indications of Rudolf Steiner : implications for grades 1-3
Creators: name: Eterman, Linda Ann Ledbetter
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study provides an introduction to Rudolf Steiner's ideas on music and music education and describes how these ideas have been adapted and applied in Grades One through Three in North American Waldorf Schools. Included in the study are: Steiner's basic philosophical concepts relating to music and music education; Steiner's rationale for aesthetic and music education; a description of the Waldorf approach to music teaching; results of a questionnaire sent to twenty-three Waldorf Schools in North America; a comparison of Steiner's key ideas on music education with those of Orff, Kodaly, and Dalcroze.
title: Re-reading Jevons's Principles of Science-Induction Redux
Creators: name: Velupillai, K. Vela
Publisher: name: National University of Ireland, Galway
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Economics

description: In this paper I try to substantiate the thesis that Jevons may have been too harsh on the vices of induction and generously optimistic about the virtues of deduction, as discussed, primarily, in his magnum opus, The Principles of Science. With this aim in mind the paper attempts to suggest (modern), recursion theoretic, theoretical technologies that could reduce and, under conditions that I claim would be acceptable to Jevons, even eliminate the inductive indeterminacies that he had emphasised.
First Cluster "Enzymes for greener products" meeting
Creators: name: Ferrer, Manuel
name: Peñalva, Carolina
name: Bjerga, Gro
name: Hidalgo, Aurelio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: enzymes
detergents
textiles
nutraceuticals
personal care
cosmetics
eco-friendly

description: The first meeting for the FNR-16-2020 Cluster “Enzymes for greener products”, organised in cooperation with the European Research Executive Agency (REA) (Unit B3 “Biodiversity, Circular Economy and Environment”), was held online on 14th October 2021. This Cluster gathered together to join efforts for a higher efficiency and impact of the 4 integrating projects: EnXylaScope (Grant Agreement no 101000831), FuturEnzyme (Grant Agreement no 101000327), OXIPRO (Grant Agreement no 101000607) and RADICALZ (Grant Agreement no 101000560). These projects are funded under the frame of Horizon 2020 Work Programme 2018-2020, call “Food and Natural Resources”, topic FNR-16-2020 “Enzymes for more environment-friendly consumer products”. This meeting is the first of a series of meetings through which the 4 Consortia, in accordance with the terms of the Grant Agreement, will undertake the best collaborative efforts with a view to maximise efficiency and impact, by favouring synergies and avoiding overlapping or duplication of activities. This is especially important given that the 4 projects target multiple types of audiences such as scientific community and other social audience, SMEs, industry, consumers, policy makers, etc. The Project Coordinators and Project Managers of the 4 projects attended the meeting, which was joined by the 2 Project Officers and the Head of Sector in Unit B3 “Biodiversity, Circular Economy and Environment” of the European Research Executive Agency (REA), to give advice and help identifying synergies. The Policy Officer of the European Commission Directorate-General “Research and Innovation” also presented the policy aspects related to the topic FNR-16-2020. This meetup was proposed by Gro Bjerga, Coordinator of OXIPRO, and Manuel Ferrer, Coordinator of FuturEnzyme, and soon accepted by the rest of the Coordinators, at which the Project Officers agreed. It was organised by Spanish National Research Council CSIC, using the online platform Conecta CSIC. In here, the presentations are available.
An obstruction to a knot being deform-spun via Alexander polynomials
Creators: name: Budney, Ryan
name: Mozgova, Alexandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R40

description: We show that if a co-dimension two knot is deform-spun from a lower-dimensional co-dimension 2 knot, there are constraints on the Alexander polynomials. In particular this shows, for all n, that not all co-dimension 2 knots in S^n are deform-spun from knots in S^{n-1}.
description: 6 Pages, 1 Figure. to appear in Proceedings of the AMS
Supplementary figures from Emergence of size-structured dominance hierarchies through size-dependent feedback
Creators: name: Hamilton, Ian M.
name: Benincasa, Macie D.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Size-based dominance hierarchies influence fitness, group size and population dynamics and link dominance structure to evolutionary and ecological outcomes. While larger individuals often gain dominance, social status may influence growth and size in return, resulting in feedbacks among status, growth and size. Here, we present two models evaluating how these feedbacks influence the emergence of size structure in a dominance hierarchy. In the first, size influences competition for food and investment in suppressing growth of groupmates. Stable size differences emerged when suppression was greatest for similarly sized individuals and size had little effect on competition for food. The model predicted size divergence when size strongly affected competition for food. In the second model, we used a dynamic game to solve for optimal investment in growth suppression as a function of size structure. Investment in growth suppression was favoured only when dominants and subordinates were similar in size, generating size ratios different than those expected by chance. For both models, the costs of within-group conflict were lower when growth strategies resulted in unequal size ratios. Variation in the feedbacks among growth, size and status can explain variation in emergent size structure of dominance hierarchies and its consequences for conflict within groups.This article is part of the theme issue ‘The centennial of the pecking order: current state and future prospects for the study of dominance hierarchies’.
Interacting Agegraphic Dark Energy
Creators: name: Wei, Hao
name: Cai, Rong-Gen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new dark energy model, named "agegraphic dark energy", has been proposed recently, based on the so-called Károlyházy uncertainty relation, which arises from quantum mechanics together with general relativity. In this note, we extend the original agegraphic dark energy model by including the interaction between agegraphic dark energy and pressureless (dark) matter. In the interacting agegraphic dark energy model, there are many interesting features different from the original agegraphic dark energy model and holographic dark energy model. The similarity and difference between agegraphic dark energy and holographic dark energy are also discussed.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, revtex4; v2: references added; v3: accepted by Eur. Phys. J. C; v4: published version
title: Cambridge Distribution in a World Economy
Creators: name: O'Connell, Joan
Publisher: name: National University of Ireland, Galway
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Economics
subject: Distribution
subject: Growth
subject: Balance-of-Payments

description: The paper outlines a two-country Cambridge model of growth and distribution. The condition for the Cambridge equation to apply to the world economy is outlined. When this is satisfied, a dual theorem holds in one of the two countries, and the country with the greater aggregate savings ratio is in current account surplus. The original Cambridge model was formulated as a means of equating the warranted and natural growth rates of Harrod (1939) and Domar (1946) for the case of a closed economy. Thus, the world version is a method of satisfying Harrod's requirement that his model be capable of extension so as to include foreign trade.
title: Does the Exchange Rate Regime Affect Export Volumes? Evidence from Bilateral Exports in the US-UK trade: 1900-1998
Creators: name: Fountas, Stilianos
Publisher: name: National University of Ireland, Galway
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Economics
subject: Exchange rate regime
subject: Exchange rate variability
subject: Trade volume

description: By utilizing the techniques of multivariate cointegration and error correction models, we investigate the impact of the different exchange-rate regimes that spanned the 20th century on the bilateral exports between the UK and the US over the last 98 years. Our results support two conclusions. First, fixed exchange-rate regimes and managed float exchange-rate regimes are equally conducive to trade. Second, freely floating exchange-rate regimes are more conducive to trade than fixed exchange-rate regimes.
Table of model parameters from Emergence of size-structured dominance hierarchies through size-dependent feedback
Creators: name: Hamilton, Ian M.
name: Benincasa, Macie D.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Size-based dominance hierarchies influence fitness, group size and population dynamics and link dominance structure to evolutionary and ecological outcomes. While larger individuals often gain dominance, social status may influence growth and size in return, resulting in feedbacks among status, growth and size. Here, we present two models evaluating how these feedbacks influence the emergence of size structure in a dominance hierarchy. In the first, size influences competition for food and investment in suppressing growth of groupmates. Stable size differences emerged when suppression was greatest for similarly sized individuals and size had little effect on competition for food. The model predicted size divergence when size strongly affected competition for food. In the second model, we used a dynamic game to solve for optimal investment in growth suppression as a function of size structure. Investment in growth suppression was favoured only when dominants and subordinates were similar in size, generating size ratios different than those expected by chance. For both models, the costs of within-group conflict were lower when growth strategies resulted in unequal size ratios. Variation in the feedbacks among growth, size and status can explain variation in emergent size structure of dominance hierarchies and its consequences for conflict within groups.This article is part of the theme issue ‘The centennial of the pecking order: current state and future prospects for the study of dominance hierarchies’.
Solving the dynamic growth suppression game from Emergence of size-structured dominance hierarchies through size-dependent feedback
Creators: name: Hamilton, Ian M.
name: Benincasa, Macie D.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Size-based dominance hierarchies influence fitness, group size and population dynamics and link dominance structure to evolutionary and ecological outcomes. While larger individuals often gain dominance, social status may influence growth and size in return, resulting in feedbacks among status, growth and size. Here, we present two models evaluating how these feedbacks influence the emergence of size structure in a dominance hierarchy. In the first, size influences competition for food and investment in suppressing growth of groupmates. Stable size differences emerged when suppression was greatest for similarly sized individuals and size had little effect on competition for food. The model predicted size divergence when size strongly affected competition for food. In the second model, we used a dynamic game to solve for optimal investment in growth suppression as a function of size structure. Investment in growth suppression was favoured only when dominants and subordinates were similar in size, generating size ratios different than those expected by chance. For both models, the costs of within-group conflict were lower when growth strategies resulted in unequal size ratios. Variation in the feedbacks among growth, size and status can explain variation in emergent size structure of dominance hierarchies and its consequences for conflict within groups.This article is part of the theme issue ‘The centennial of the pecking order: current state and future prospects for the study of dominance hierarchies’.
Bimodal AGNs in Bimodal Galaxies
Creators: name: Cavaliere, A.
name: Menci, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By their star content, the galaxies split out into a red and a blue population; their color index peaked around u-r=2.5 or u-r=1, respectively, quantifies the ratio of the blue stars newly formed from cold galactic gas, to the redder ones left over by past generations. On the other hand, upon accreting substantial gas amounts the central massive black holes energize active galactic nuclei (AGNs); here we investigate whether these show a similar, and possibly related, bimodal partition as for current accretion activity relative to the past. To this aim we use an updated semianalytic model; based on Monte Carlo simulations, this follows with a large statistics the galaxy assemblage, the star generations and the black hole accretions in the cosmological framework over the redshift span from z=10 to z=0. We test our simulations for yielding in close detail the observed split of galaxies into a red, early and a blue, late population. We find that the black hole accretion activities likewise give rise to two source populations: early, bright quasars and later, dimmer AGNs. We predict for their Eddington parameter $λ_E$ -- the ratio of the current to the past black hole accretions -- a bimodal distribution; the two branches sit now under $λ_E \approx 0.01$ (mainly contributed by low-luminosity AGNs) and around $λ_E \approx 0.3-1$. These not only mark out the two populations of AGNs, but also will turn out to correlate strongly with the red or blue color of their host galaxies.
description: 7 pages, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
title: Sutherland v Hatton: A Solution to Ireland's Occupational Stress Question?
Creators: name: Connolly, Ursula
Publisher: name: University of Galway
Year: 2002

description: The Irish Courts have not dealt with the issue of occupational stress claims in any great detail. However, in a recent UK decision, Sutherland v Hatton1 , where four separate appeals were joined together, the Court of Appeal took the opportunity to consider the question of such claims in depth. There has been a growing awareness of the issue since the English decision of Walker v Northumberland County Council2 in 1995, where an employee successfully sued his employer for personal injury arising from two nervous breakdowns suffered as a result of workplace stress.3 It is a debate that has gripped both the National Authority for Occupational Health and Safety (HSA)4 in Ireland and the European Union, which has designated 2002 as ‘Workplace Stress Prevention Year’. While it is accepted that the prevention of stress is a valuable focus for the debate, there is no question that stress is an unavoidable element of most occupations, and in many cases does not lead to any adverse consequences. It is only when foreseeable injury arises as a result of occupational stress that an employer should face liability, but until this most recent decision there has been little judicial guidance in the area. The decision in Sutherland is valuable, as it lays down practical guidelines as to when liability may be imposed.