Rhinolophus euryotis Temminck 1835
Creators: name: Burgin, Connor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Rhinolophidae
Rhinolophus
Rhinolophus euryotis

description: 78. New Guinea Broad-eared Horseshoe Bat <i>Rhinolophus euryotis</i> French: <i>Rhinolophe euryote I</i> <b>German:</b> <i>Neuguinea-Hufeisennase</i> / <b>Spanish:</b> Herradura de Nueva <i>Guinea</i> <b>Other common names:</b> Broad-eared Horseshoe Bat, New <i>Guinea</i> Horseshoe Bat Taxonomy. <i>Rhinolophus euryotis</i> Tem <b>-</b> minck, 1835, Ambon Island, Molucca Islands, Indonesia. <i>Rhinolophus euryotis</i> is placed in the <i> <i>euryotis</i> species group. It appears to be sister to an undescribed species from the central highlands of Sulawesi that is usually considered a population of <i>R. arcuatus.</i> Only populations from mainland New <i>Guinea</i> have been studied genetically; the forms from a number of islands between New Guinea and Sulawesi still need to be tested, including the type locality of <i>R. euryotis;</i> the validity and relationships of the various races is still unclear. Five subspecies <i>recognized</i>.</i> <b>Subspecies and</b> Distribution. <i>R.e. euryotis</i> Temminck, 1835 — C Moluccas Is (Ambon and Seram) and Tanimbar Is. <i>R.e. aruensis</i> K. Andersen, 1907 — Aru Is. <i>R. e. burius</i> Hinton, 1925 — C Moluccas Is (Buru). <i>R. e. praestans</i> K.Andersen, 1905 — Kai Is. <i>R. e. timidus</i> K. Andersen, 1905 - N Moluccas Is (Halmahera and Bacan), New Guinea (including <i>Waigeo</i>, Batanta, and <i>Yapen</i> Is), Bismarck Archipelago (New Britain and New Ireland), and Trobriand Is (Kiriwina). Descriptive <b>notes.</b> Head—body 54-73 mm, tail 16—28 mm, ear 19—26- 5 mm, hindfoot 11—15 mm, forearm 50—60 mm; <i>weight</i> 14-1—27- 5 g. Dorsal pelage is brown (hairs paler drab basally), whereas ventral pelage is lighter brownish or wood brown. Ears are moderately long. Noseleaf has more or less straight-sided and densely haired <i>lancet</i>; connecting process is semicircular and hairy; sella is wide but <i>relatively</i> short and almost parallel-sided, with convex outlined tip; horseshoe has longitudinal groove with raised edges extending from median edge to intemarial region, is dark in color with exception of whitish stripe on median longitudinal groove, is very wide (10- 2—13 mm), covers muzzle and even projects slighdy beyond it, and has very shallow median emargination. Lower lip has three mental grooves. Skull is large but <i>relatively</i> slender in build (zygomatic breadth is <i>only</i> slighdy larger than mastoid breadth); anterior median swellings are prominent and bulbous; posterior swellings are reduced; frontal depression extends anteriorly to medium swellings and is elongated and moderately deep; supraorbital crests are conspicuous but not <i>very</i> sharp; sagittal <i>crest</i> is moderately developed. C1 is long and strong; P2 is medium-sized and within tooth row or halfway extruded from it; P is small and completely extruded from tooth row, or is sometimes missing entirely; P, and P4 are usually very close to one another or touching. Dental formula is the usual of 32 teeth for the genus or <i>only</i> 30 teeth when a lower premolar is missing. <b>Habitat.</b> Known to forage in both <i>primary</i> and secondary rainforest from sea level up to elevations of 2050 m. <b>Food and</b> Feeding. The New Guinea Broad-eared Horseshoe Bat forages for insects by substrate-gleaning. Breeding. <i>Pregnant</i> females were reported in late August on New Britain, and four pregnant and one lactating females were captured in late October on Batanta Island; based on these data, females <i>probably give</i> birth in late October. Each pregnant female carried <i>only</i> a single embryo. <b>Activity</b> patterns. New Guinea Broad-eared Horseshoe Bats roost by day in caves and tunnels. Call shape is FM/CF/FM, with peak frequencies of 52-58 kHz recorded in New Guinea. <b>Movements, Home range and Sodai organization.</b> Colonies can reach over 1000 individuals (e. <i>g</i>. a <i>maternity</i> colonywith over 1000 bats was reported in November on New Guinea). <b>Status and</b> Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on <i>The</i> IUCN <i>Red List.</i> The New Guinea Broad-eared Horseshoe Bat is widespread but is <i>likely</i> to be threatened by roost disturbance, as well as habitat destruction and alteration. <b> <i>Bibliography</i>.</b> <i>Armstrong</i> &amp; <i>Aplin</i> (2017h), <i>Bonaccorso</i> (1998), Csorba <i>et</i> al. (2003), Flannery (1995a, 1995b), <i>Leary</i> &amp; Pennay (2011), Patrick et al. (2013), Robson et al. (2012).
description: Published as part of <i>Burgin, Connor, 2019, Rhinolophidae, pp. 280-332 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions</i> on page 318, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3748525