cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Effect of the Jet Production on Pseudorapidity, Transverse Momentum and Transverse Mass Distributions of Charged Particles Produced in pp-Collisions at Tevatron Energy
Creators: name: Zaman, Ali
name: Suleymanov, Mais
name: Ajaz, Muhammad
name: Khan, Kamal Hussain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effects of jet production on the following parameters: pseudorapidity, transverse momentum and transverse mass distributions of secondary charged particles produced in pp-collisions at 1.8 TeV, using the HIJING code. These distributions are analyzed for the whole range and for selected six regions of the polar angle as a function of different number of jets. The obtained simulation results for these parameters are interpreted and discussed in connection to the increase observed in the multiplicity of secondary charged particles as a result of its multi-jet dependence and are also discussed in comparison with the experimental results from the CDF Collaboration.
description: 12 Pages, 9 Figures
New Physics Models Facing Lepton Flavor Violating Higgs Decays at the Percent Level
Creators: name: Dorsner, Ilja
name: Fajfer, Svjetlana
name: Greljo, Admir
name: Kamenik, Jernej F.
name: Kosnik, Nejc
name: Nisandzic, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We speculate about the possible interpretations of the recently observed excess in the $h \to τμ$ decay. We derive a robust lower bound on the Higgs boson coupling strength to a tau and a muon, even in presence of the most general new physics affecting other Higgs properties. Then we reevaluate complementary indirect constraints coming from low energy observables as well as from theoretical considerations. In particular, the tentative signal should lead to $τ\to μγ$ at rates which could be observed at Belle II. In turn we show that, barring fine-tuned cancellations, the effect can only be accommodated within models with an extended scalar sector. These general conclusions are demonstrated using a number of explicit new physics models. Finally we show how, given the $h \to τμ$ signal, the current and future searches for $μ\to e γ$ and $μ\to e$ nuclear conversions unambiguously constrain the allowed rates for $h \to τe$.
description: 34 pages, 9 figures, expanded Section V.D with the fine-tuning solution; conclusions unchanged
On the Navier-slip boundary condition for computations of impinging droplets
Creators: name: Venkatesan, Jagannath
name: Ganesan, Sashikumaar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A mesh-dependent relation for the slip number in the Navier-slip with friction boundary condition for computations of impinging droplets with sharp interface methods is proposed. The relation is obtained as a function of Reynolds number, Weber number and the mesh size. The proposed relation is validated for several test cases by comparing the numerically obtained wetting diameter with the experimental results. Further, the computationally obtained maximum wetting diameter using the proposed slip relation is verified with the theoretical predictions. The relative error between the computationally obtained maximum wetting diameter and the theoretical predictions is less than 10 % for impinging droplet on a hydrophilic surface, and the error increases in the case of hydrophobic surface.
description: 10 Pages
D2.7 Factory-pre-test of gas turbine package and ORC module
Creators: name: Pöppinghaus, Andreas
name: Schütrumpf, Simon
name: Ipse, Daniel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: This document is the deliverable D2.7 of the project POLYPHEM. It is planned in the framework of Work Package 02. The document describes the commissioning and pre-tests of the POLYPHEM micro gas turbine and the ORC system. The content of this deliverable fully complies with the Grant Agreement number 764048 signed between the beneficiaries and the European Commission. It also complies with the project Consortium Agreement signed by the beneficiaries. This deliverable cannot replace the role neither of the Grant Agreement nor of the Consortium Agreement, which are evidence for the project.
Association between BMI and periodontitis in women living with or at risk for HIV
Creators: name: Kassaye, S.
name: Janorkar, D.A.
name: Konkle-Parker, D.
name: Long, D.M.
name: Sharma, A.
name: D'Souza, G.
name: Weber, K.M.
name: Lahiri, C.D.
name: Lin, G.-H.
name: Edmonds, A.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2022

description: Aims: Currently, there is no data available assessing the association between body mass index (BMI) and periodontitis among women living with HIV (WLWH). This study aims to investigate this association among WLWH and women at risk for HIV (WRH) in the United States. Methods and results: Data from 351 WLWH and 52 WRH participants from the Women's Interagency HIV Study having pocket depths and clinical periodontal attachment loss assessments in 2003–2004 were included. Multinomial logistic regression analyses in the full sample assessed the relationship between BMI (underweight/normal, overweight, or obese) and periodontitis by severity (mild, moderate, severe), adjusting for study sites, age, education, annual household income, smoking, alcohol consumption, and diabetes. Overall, 75.2% women (76.0% WLWH; 69.0% WRH) had periodontitis. Moreover, 75.0% obese and 75.3% overweight women were affected by periodontitis. In the full sample, adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of having mild, moderate, and severe periodontitis in obese women were: 1.14 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.51–2.52), 1.02 (95% CI: 0.46–2.29), and 0.24 (95% CI: 0.06–1.07), respectively, and in overweight women: 0.70 (95% CI: 0.31–1.58), 0.85 (95% CI: 0.38–1.90), and 0.31 (95% CI: 0.08–1.15), respectively. Conclusions: Even with high prevalence of periodontitis among women with or without HIV infection in this cohort, this study does not provide evidence of an association between BMI and periodontitis.
Modelagem de objetos e classes permanentes representativos da informação - Parcial
Creators: name: Nova, Alan Zuanella Vila
name: Aranda, Alex
name: Sousa, Fernando Maciel Lima E
name: Hiago Pereira Kanashiro
name: Alves, Julio Sergio Fernandes
name: Rodrigues, Leandro Veloso
name: De Siqueira, Priscila Fatima Pinheiro
name: Moreira, Rosiane Aparecida
name: Thiago Oliveira Hoerlle
name: Equipe Da Algar TI Consultoria S/A
name: De Sousa Júnior, Rafael Timóteo
name: De Mendonça, Fábio Lúcio Lopes
name: Nze, Georges Daniel Amvame
name: De Oliveira Albuquerque, Robson
name: Giozza, William Ferreira
name: Da Silva, Alex Mendes Pacheco
name: Almeida, Allan Filipe
name: De Moura, Ana Beatrice Neubauer
name: Da Silva, Ana Paula Bernadi
name: Vale, Ana Paula Morais
name: Ayra De Avila Almeida
name: Caetano, Caio Henrique
name: De Souza, Carlos Eduardo Ramalho
name: Cleuber Santos Silva
name: De Oliveira, Diego Martins
name: De Oliveira, Felipe Barreto
name: Praciano, Flavio Garcia
name: De Araújo, Gabriel Ribeiro
name: Alves, Guilherme Batista Meneses
name: Hiago Pereira Kanashiro
name: Martins, Isaac Silva
name: Pinto, Ismael Ithalo Barbosa
name: Da Costa E Silva Garcia, João Paulo
name: Joao Paulo Pimentel
name: Johnan Nicholas Reed
name: Klainer Mateus Estrela Gomes
name: De Oliveira Bezerra, Kelly Santos
name: Morais, Leonardo Jorge França
name: Reinaldi, Letícia Ramos
name: Da Silva Barbosa, Lucas
name: Luiz Augusto Dos Santos Pires
name: Ramos, Marcos Tércio
name: Domingues, Maria Karoline
name: Alves, Maria Tereza Correa Pacheco
name: Marilia Do Nascimento T. Valentim
name: Gomes, Orlando Werbeth Dos Santos
name: Rodrigues, Paulo Henrique Batista
name: Machado, Paulo Lima
name: Phelipe Alan Almeida
name: Rodrigues, Priscila Batista
name: Da Silva Camoes, Renato Jose
name: Schultz, Valeria Simas
name: Thiago Leite De Souza
name: Wellington Domingos Neves
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Desenvolvimento e inovação visam realizar um estudo de inovações tecnológicas nas áreas de tecnologia da informação com ênfase na interoperabilidade de sistemas, gestão corporativa, processos de gestão, gerência de redes e gestão de dados para áreas estratégicas da Coordenação-Geral de Tecnologia da Informação (CGTI) da Procuradoria Geral da Fazenda Nacional – PGFN
Additional file 1 of SnO2/rGO nanocomposite for the detection of biomarkers of lung cancer
Creators: name: Shanmugasundaram, Arunkumar
name: Lee, Dong-Weon
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. The preparation of graphene oxide, details of the experimental methods and characterization techniques and gas sensor fabrication and measurement techniques is described in detail in the supplementary information.
Cross-dimensional transfer learning in medical image segmentation with deep learning
Creators: name: Messaoudi, Hicham
name: Belaid, Ahror
name: Salem, Douraied Ben
name: Conze, Pierre-Henri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Over the last decade, convolutional neural networks have emerged and advanced the state-of-the-art in various image analysis and computer vision applications. The performance of 2D image classification networks is constantly improving and being trained on databases made of millions of natural images. However, progress in medical image analysis has been hindered by limited annotated data and acquisition constraints. These limitations are even more pronounced given the volumetry of medical imaging data. In this paper, we introduce an efficient way to transfer the efficiency of a 2D classification network trained on natural images to 2D, 3D uni- and multi-modal medical image segmentation applications. In this direction, we designed novel architectures based on two key principles: weight transfer by embedding a 2D pre-trained encoder into a higher dimensional U-Net, and dimensional transfer by expanding a 2D segmentation network into a higher dimension one. The proposed networks were tested on benchmarks comprising different modalities: MR, CT, and ultrasound images. Our 2D network ranked first on the CAMUS challenge dedicated to echo-cardiographic data segmentation and surpassed the state-of-the-art. Regarding 2D/3D MR and CT abdominal images from the CHAOS challenge, our approach largely outperformed the other 2D-based methods described in the challenge paper on Dice, RAVD, ASSD, and MSSD scores and ranked third on the online evaluation platform. Our 3D network applied to the BraTS 2022 competition also achieved promising results, reaching an average Dice score of 91.69% (91.22%) for the whole tumor, 83.23% (84.77%) for the tumor core, and 81.75% (83.88%) for enhanced tumor using the approach based on weight (dimensional) transfer. Experimental and qualitative results illustrate the effectiveness of our methods for multi-dimensional medical image segmentation.
description: 30 pages, 12 figures, 6 tables, Accepted for publication in the Journal of Medical Image Analysis
Blueprinting quantum computing systems
Creators: name: Devitt, Simon J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The development of quantum computing systems has been a staple of academic research since the mid-1990s when the first proposal for physical platforms were proposed using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Ion-Trap hardware. These first proposals were very basic, essentially consisting of identifying a physical qubit (two-level quantum system) that could be isolated and controlled to achieve universal quantum computation. Over the past thirty years, the nature of quantum architecture design has changed significantly and the scale of investment, groups and companies involved in building quantum computers has increased exponentially. Architectural design for quantum computers examines systems at scale: fully error-corrected machines, potentially consisting of millions if not billions of physical qubits. These designs increasingly act as blueprints for academic groups and companies and are becoming increasingly more detailed, taking into account both the nature and operation of the physical qubits themselves and also peripheral environmental and control infrastructure that is required for each physical system. In this paper, several architectural structures that I have worked on will be reviewed, each of which has been adopted by either a national quantum computing program or a quantum startup.
description: 39 Pages. This paper was written in the context of an award with the Royal Society of New South Wales, focused on my personal contributions and impact to quantum computing development, and should be read with that in mind
Additional file 1 of Improved access to and continuity of primary care after attachment to a family physician: longitudinal cohort study on centralized waiting lists for unattached patients in Quebec, Canada
Creators: name: Smithman, Mélanie Ann
name: Haggerty, Jeannie
name: Gaboury, Isabelle
name: Breton, Mylaine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Fully adjusted regression models.
On the self-force in Bopp-Podolsky electrodynamics
Creators: name: Gratus, Jonathan
name: Perlick, Volker
name: Tucker, Robin W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the classical vacuum Maxwell-Lorentz theory the self-force of a charged point particle is infinite. This makes classical mass renormalization necessary and, in the special relativistic domain, leads to the Abraham-Lorentz-Dirac equation of motion possessing unphysical run-away and pre-acceleration solutions. In this paper we investigate whether the higher-order modification of classical vacuum electrodynamics suggested by Bopp, Lande, Thomas and Podolsky in the 1940s, can provide a solution to this problem. Since the theory is linear, Green-function techniques enable one to write the field of a charged point particle on Minkowski spacetime as an integral over the particle's history. By introducing the notion of timelike worldlines that are "bounded away from the backward light-cone" we are able to prescribe criteria for the convergence of such integrals. We also exhibit a timelike worldline yielding singular fields on a lightlike hyperplane in spacetime. In this case the field is mildly singular at the event where the particle crosses the hyperplane. Even in the case when the Bopp-Podolsky field is bounded, it exhibits a directional discontinuity as one approaches the point particle. We describe a procedure for assigning a value to the field on the particle worldline which enables one to define a finite Lorentz self-force. This is explicitly derived leading to an integro-differential equation for the motion of the particle in an external electromagnetic field. We conclude that any worldline solutions to this equation belonging to the categories discussed in the paper have continuous 4-velocities.
description: 30 pages, 6 figures; minor reformulations, some figures changed, additional explanations added
Flow states and heat transport in liquid metal convection
Creators: name: Ren, Lei
name: Tao, Xin
name: Zhang, Lu
name: Ni, Ming-Jiu
name: Xia, Ke-Qing
name: Xie, Yi-Chao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an experimental study of Rayleigh-Bénard convection using liquid metal alloy gallium-indium-tin as the working fluid with a Prandtl number of $Pr=0.029$. The flow state and the heat transport were measured in a Rayleigh number range of $1.2\times10^{4} \le Ra \le 1.3\times10^{7}$. The temperature fluctuation at the cell centre is used as a proxy for the flow state. It is found that, as $Ra$ increases from the lower end of the parameter range, the flow evolves from a convection state to an oscillation state, a chaotic state, and finally a turbulent state for $Ra>10^5$. The study suggests that the large-scale circulation in the turbulent state is a residual of the cell structures near the onset of convection, which is in contrast with the case of $Pr\sim1$, where the cell structure is replaced by high-order flow modes transiently before the emergence of the large-scale circulation in the turbulent state. The evolution of the flow state is also reflected by the heat transport characterised by the Nusselt number $Nu$ and the probability density function (PDF) of the temperature fluctuation at the cell centre. It is found that the effective local heat transport scaling exponent $γ$, i.e., $Nu\sim Ra^γ$, changes continuously from $γ=0.49$ at $Ra\sim 10^4$ to $γ=0.25$ for $Ra>10^6$. Meanwhile, the PDF at the cell centre gradually evolves from a Gaussian-like shape before the transition to turbulence to an exponential-like shape in the turbulent state. For $Ra>10^6$, the flow shows self-similar behaviour, which is revealed by the universal shape of the PDF of the temperature fluctuation at the cell centre and a $Nu=0.19Ra^{0.25}$ scaling for the heat transport.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures; Accepted for publication in the Journal of Fluid Mechanics
Dual regimes of ion migration in high repetition rate femtosecond laser inscribed waveguides
Creators: name: Fernandez, T. Toney
name: Sotillo, B.
name: del Hoyo, J.
name: Valles, J. A
name: Vazquez, R. Martinez
name: Fernandez, P.
name: Solis, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 78A60

description: Ion migration in high repetition rate femtosecond laser inscribed waveguides is currently being reported in different optical glasses. For the first time we discuss and experimentally demonstrate the presence of two regimes of ion migration found in laser written waveguides. Regime-I, corresponds to the initial waveguide formation mainly via light element migration (in our case atomic weight < 31u), whereas regime-II majorly corresponds to the movement of heavy elements. This behavior brings attention to a problem which has never been analyzed before and that affects laser written active waveguides in which active ions migrate changing their local spectroscopic properties. The migration of active ions may in fact detune the pre-designed optimal values of active photonic devices. This paper experimentally evidences this problem and provides solutions to avert it.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Alcohol attributable fractions for England
Creators: name: Webster, Laura
name: Angus, Colin
name: Holmes, John
name: Brennan, Alan
name: Gillespie, Duncan
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: A short report presenting our estimates of the fraction of disease cases caused by alcohol in England.
Generation of FOUR iPSC lines (CRICKi004-A; CRICKi005-A; CRICKi006-A, CRICKi007-A) from spinal muscle atrophy patients with lower extremity dominant (SMALED) phenotype.
Creators: name: Devito, Liani G
name: Cooper, Fay
name: D'Angelo, Ilenia
name: Smith, Jim
name: Healy, Lyn
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2022
Subjects: Model organisms
Signalling & Oncogenes
Gene Expression
Developmental Biology
Human Biology & Physiology
Stem Cells
Computational & Systems Biology

description: Spinal muscular atrophy with lower extremity dominant (SMALED) is a hereditary neuromuscular disorder characterized by degeneration of spinal cord motor neurons resulting in lower limbs muscle weakness and paralysis. Mutations in DYNC1H1, which encodes BICD2, a multifunctional adaptor for microtubule motor proteins, cause the disorder. Here, we generated four induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines from patients with SMALED. Dermal fibroblasts were obtained from the MRC neuromuscular disease biobank and reprogrammed using non-integrating mRNA-based protocol. Characterization of the four iPSC lines included karyotyping and Sanger sequencing, while the expression of associated markers confirmed pluripotency and differentiation potential.
PRIMUS: The Effect of Physical Scale on the Luminosity-Dependence of Galaxy Clustering via Cross-Correlations
Creators: name: Bray, Aaron D.
name: Eisenstein, Daniel J.
name: Skibba, Ramin A.
name: Blanton, Michael R.
name: Coil, Alison L.
name: Cool, Richard J.
name: Mendez, Alexander J.
name: Moustakas, John
name: Zhu, Guangtun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report small-scale clustering measurements from the PRIMUS spectroscopic redshift survey as a function of color and luminosity. We measure the real-space cross-correlations between 62,106 primary galaxies with PRIMUS redshifts and a tracer population of 545,000 photometric galaxies over redshifts from z=0.2 to z=1. We separately fit a power-law model in redshift and luminosity to each of three independent color-selected samples of galaxies. We report clustering amplitudes at fiducial values of z=0.5 and L=1.5 L*. The clustering of the red galaxies is ~3 times as strong as that of the blue galaxies and ~1.5 as strong as that of the green galaxies. We also find that the luminosity dependence of the clustering is strongly dependent on physical scale, with greater luminosity dependence being found between r=0.0625 Mpc/h and r=0.25 Mpc/h, compared to the r=0.5 Mpc/h to r=2 Mpc/h range. Moreover, over a range of two orders of magnitude in luminosity, a single power-law fit to the luminosity dependence is not sufficient to explain the increase in clustering at both the bright and faint ends at the smaller scales. We argue that luminosity-dependent clustering at small scales is a necessary component of galaxy-halo occupation models for blue, star-forming galaxies as well as for red, quenched galaxies.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, 5 tables; published in ApJ (revised to match published version)
A new smoking cessation 'cascade' among women with or at risk for HIV infection
Creators: name: Kassaye, S.
name: Adimora, A.A.
name: Brown, T.T.
name: Konkle-Parker, D.
name: Anastos, K.
name: Cole, S.R.
name: Ofotokun, I.
name: D'souza, G.
name: Tien, P.C.
name: Westreich, D.
name: Edwards, J.K.
name: Taylor, T.N.
name: Zalla, L.C.
name: Jones, D.L.
name: Cohen, M.H.
name: Breger, T.L.
name: Edmonds, A.
name: Ramirez, C.
Publisher: name: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
Year: 2022

description: Objectives:The aim of this study was to define a smoking cessation 'cascade' among USA women with and without HIV and examine differences by sociodemographic characteristics.Design:An observational cohort study using data from smokers participating in the Women's Interagency HIV Study between 2014 and 2019.Methods:We followed 1165 women smokers with and without HIV from their first study visit in 2014 or 2015 until an attempt to quit smoking within approximately 3 years of follow-up, initial cessation (i.e. no restarting smoking within approximately 6 months of a quit attempt), and sustained cessation (i.e. no restarting smoking within approximately 12 months of a quit attempt). Using the Aalen-Johansen estimator, we estimated the cumulative probability of achieving each step, accounting for the competing risk of death.Results:Forty-five percent of smokers attempted to quit, 27% achieved initial cessation, and 14% achieved sustained cessation with no differences by HIV status. Women with some post-high school education were more likely to achieve each step than those with less education. Outcomes did not differ by race. Thirty-six percent [95% confidence interval (95% CI): 31-42] of uninsured women attempted to quit compared with 47% (95% CI: 44-50) with Medicaid and 49% (95% CI: 41-59) with private insurance.Conclusion:To decrease smoking among USA women with and without HIV, targeted, multistage interventions, and increased insurance coverage are needed to address shortfalls along this cascade.
Phantom Wormhole Solutions in a Generic Cosmological Constant Background
Creators: name: Heydarzade, Y.
name: Riazi, N.
name: Moradpour, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are a number of reasons to study wormholes with generic cosmological constant $Λ$. Recent observations indicate that present accelerating expansion of the universe demands $Λ>0$. On the other hand, some extended theories of gravitation such as supergravity and superstring theories posses vacuum states with $Λ<0$. Even within the framework of general relativity, a negative cosmological constant permits black holes with horizons topologically different from the usual spherical ones. These solutions are convertible to wormhole solutions by adding some exotic matter. In this paper, the asymptotically flat wormhole solutions in a generic cosmological constant background are studied. By constructing a specific class of shape functions, mass function, energy density and pressure profiles which support such a geometry are obtained. It is shown that for having such a geometry, the wormhole throat $r_0$, the cosmological constant $Λ$ and the equation of state parameter $ω$ should satisfy two specific conditions. The possibility of setting different values for the parameters of the model helps us to find exact solutions for the metric functions, mass functions and energy-momentum profiles. At last, the volume integral quantifier, which provides useful information about the total amount of energy condition violating matter is discussed briefly.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure in Canadian Journal of Physics
Modeling the dynamics of tidally-interacting binary neutron stars up to merger
Creators: name: Bernuzzi, Sebastiano
name: Nagar, Alessandro
name: Dietrich, Tim
name: Damour, Thibault
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The data analysis of the gravitational wave signals emitted by coalescing neutron star binaries requires the availability of an accurate analytical representation of the dynamics and waveforms of these systems. We propose an effective-one-body (EOB) model that describes the general relativistic dynamics of neutron star binaries from the early inspiral up to merger. Our EOB model incorporates an enhanced attractive tidal potential motivated by recent analytical advances in the post-Newtonian and gravitational self-force description of relativistic tidal interactions. No fitting parameters are introduced for the description of tidal interaction in the late, strong-field dynamics. We compare the model energetics and the gravitational wave phasing with new high-resolution multi-orbit numerical relativity simulations of equal-mass configurations with different equations of state. We find agreement within the uncertainty of the numerical data for all configurations. Our model is the first semi-analytical model which captures the tidal amplification effects close to merger. It thereby provides the most accurate analytical representation of binary neutron star dynamics and waveforms currently available.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures. Matches published version
Additional file 1 of Development of a stable semi-continuous lipid production system of an oleaginous Chlamydomonas sp. mutant using multi-omics profiling
Creators: name: Oyama, Tomoki
name: Kato, Yuichi
name: Hidese, Ryota
name: Matsuda, Mami
name: Matsutani, Minenosuke
name: Watanabe, Satoru
name: Kondo, Akihiko
name: Hasunuma, Tomohisa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Biomass production, nitrate consumption, and lipid content in Chlamydomonas sp. during semi-continuous cultivation (N = 1). Fig. S2. Influence of inoculation cell density and nitrate concentration on lipid production of Chlamydomonas sp. Fig. S3. Pool size of metabolites in the carbohydrate synthesis and 2-C-methylerythritol 4-phosphate pathway (MEP pathway). Fig. S4. The upregulated genes in KAC1801 associated with the TCA cycle and glyoxylate shunt. Table S1. Influence of nitrate concentration and inoculation cell density during semi-continuous cultivation (N = 1). Table S2. All downregulated genes in KAC1801 included in the gene ontology of “defense response to bacterium,” “response to bacterium,” “response to biotic stimulus,” “response to radiation,” “defense response to other organism,” “immune response,” “immune system process,” “response to external biotic stimulus,” “response to other organism,” “biological process involved in interspecies interaction between organisms,” “response to abiotic stimulus,” and “defense response.”
Ferromagnetic insulator-based superconducting junctions as sensitive electron thermometers
Creators: name: Giazotto, F.
name: Solinas, P.
name: Braggio, A.
name: Bergeret, F. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an exhaustive theoretical analysis of charge and thermoelectric transport in a normal metal-ferromagnetic insulator-superconductor (NFIS) junction, and explore the possibility of its use as a sensitive thermometer. We investigated the transfer functions and the intrinsic noise performance for different measurement configurations. A common feature of all configurations is that the best temperature noise performance is obtained in the non-linear temperature regime for a structure based on an europium chalcogenide ferromagnetic insulator in contact with a superconducting Al film structure. For an open-circuit configuration, although the maximal intrinsic temperature sensitivity can achieve $10$nKHz$^{-1/2}$, a realistic amplifying chain will reduce the sensitivity up to $10$$μ$KHz$^{-1/2}$. To overcome this limitation we propose a measurement scheme in a closed-circuit configuration based on state-of-art SQUID detection technology in an inductive setup. In such a case we show that temperature noise can be as low as $35$nKHz$^{-1/2}$. We also discuss a temperature-to-frequency converter where the obtained thermo-voltage developed over a Josephson junction operated in the dissipative regime is converted into a high-frequency signal. We predict that the structure can generate frequencies up to $\sim 120$GHz, and transfer functions up to $200$GHz/K at around $\sim 1$K. If operated as electron thermometer, the device may provide temperature noise lower than $35$nKHz$^{-1/2}$ thereby being potentially attractive for radiation sensing applications.
description: 11 pages, 10 color figures
Manipulating Andreev and Majorana Bound States with microwaves
Creators: name: Weston, Joseph
name: Gaury, Benoit
name: Waintal, Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the interplay between Andreev (Majorana) bound states that form at the boundary of a (topological) superconductor and a train of microwave pulses. We find that the extra dynamical phase coming from the pulses can shift the phase of the Andreev reflection, resulting in the appear- ance of dynamical Andreev states. As an application we study the presence of the zero bias peak in the differential conductance of a normal-topological superconductor junction - the simplest, yet somehow ambiguous, experimental signature for Majorana states. Adding microwave radiation to the measuring electrodes provides an unambiguous probe of the Andreev nature of the zero bias peak.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Smoking attributable fractions for adult diseases in England
Creators: name: Webster, Laura
name: Angus, Colin
name: Brennan, Alan
name: Gillespie, Duncan
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Short report on the fractions of disease cases that we estimate to be attributable to smoking in England.
Formation of spiral dwarf galaxies: observational data and results of numerical simulation
Creators: name: Khrapov, Sergey
name: Khoperskov, Alexander
name: Zaitseva, Natalia
name: Zasov, Anatoly
name: Titov, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 85-08 85-10

description: Recent studies show the possibility of the formation of fairly regular and global spiral patterns in dwarf galaxies (dS type). Our sample of observed dwarf objects of this class also includes galaxies with a central stellar bar. The analysis of the observational data provides a small rotation velocity and a small disk component mass for dS galaxies, which is in poor agreement with the spiral structure generation mechanism in isolated dwarfs due to the development of disk gravitational instability. Numerical simulation of the stellar-gaseous disks self-consistent dynamics imposes restrictions on the stellar disk thickness and the maximum gas rotation velocity, at which the gravitational mechanism of spiral formation can still be effective.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Existence, Uniqueness, and Construction of the Density-Potential Mapping in Time-Dependent Density-Functional Theory
Creators: name: Ruggenthaler, Michael
name: Penz, Markus
name: van Leeuwen, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we review the mapping from densities to potentials in quantum mechanics, which is the basic building block of time-dependent density-functional theory and the Kohn-Sham construction. We first present detailed conditions such that a mapping from potentials to densities is defined by solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation. We specifically discuss intricacies connected with the unboundedness of the Hamiltonian and derive the local-force equation. This equation is then used to set up an iterative sequence that determines a potential that generates a specified density via time propagation of an initial state. This fixed-point procedure needs the invertibility of a certain Sturm-Liouville problem, which we discuss for different situations. Based on these considerations we then present a discussion of the famous Runge-Gross theorem which provides a density-potential mapping for time-analytic potentials. Further we give conditions such that the general fixed-point approach is well-defined and converges under certain assumptions. Then the application of such a fixed-point procedure to lattice Hamiltonians is discussed and the numerical realization of the density-potential mapping is shown. We conclude by presenting an extension of the density-potential mapping to include vector-potentials and photons.
description: Topical review, 10 figures
Domain knowledge inspired deep learning: from general AI to specialized AI
Creators: name: Zhang, Denghui
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2023

description: Deep learning has achieved remarkable success in various areas such as predicting protein structure, defeating human on Go, assisting disaster recovery with deep robotics, enabling smart trading with deep time serials model. With its robust prediction capabilities and modeling prowess, deep learning has also begun to excel in complex domains like talent management and business. Due to the presence of more ``human factors'', these domains are generally regarded as more intricate. However, three limitations largely impede the development of DL models in these domains, that is, (1) label intensive, (2) poor interpretability, and (3) hard to adapt. This paper aims to enhance current deep learning models in the management and business domains with human domain knowledge. Specifically, for the label intensive issue, we can leverage graph-structured knowledge such as knowledge graph to augment data labels. For the domain adapting issue, the bottleneck is to understand domain phrases and we can encode more semantic knowledge to mitigate this. Lastly, theory knowledge can help with explaining model predictions. However, these knowledge are in very different forms and the key difficulty is how to effectively leverage them. We proposed three techniques accordingly to apply the knowledge in deep learning frameworks. In the first essay, we propose a structure-aware augmentation method that can leverage graph knowledge for data augmentation. In the second essay, we propose a network conceptualizing method, which can leverage theory knowledge to help make sense of neural network internals. In the third essay, we propose a representation learning and pre-training approach to encode semantic knowledge to enhance the domain adaptation ability of deep models. We show promising results of the proposed three approaches in three applications, namely, Job Title Benchmarking, Employee Turnover Prediction, and E-commerce Review Understanding. Each of the applications possesses rich and distinctive domain knowledge. Ultimately, using this domain knowledge inspired framework, we aim to build more label-efficient, domain-oriented, and interpretable AI.
Global HIV mortality trends among children on antiretroviral treatment corrected for under-reported deaths: an updated analysis of the International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS collaboration
Creators: name: Desmonde, S.
name: Pinto, J.
name: Ballif, M.
name: Nyakato, P.
name: Davies, M.-A.
name: Kassanjee, R.
name: Yiannoutsos, C.T.
name: Zaniewski, E.
name: Kariminia, A.
name: Johnson, L.F.
name: Twizere, C.
name: Sudjaritruk, T.
name: Edmonds, A.
name: Carlucci, J.G.
name: Vreeman, R.
name: Christ, B.
name: Dahourou, D.L.
name: International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA) Collaboration
name: Kasozi, C.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2021

description: Introduction: The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) projections of paediatric HIV prevalence and deaths rely on the International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA) consortium for mortality estimates among children living with HIV (CHIV) receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). Previous estimates, based on data through 2014, may no longer be accurate due to expanded paediatric HIV care and treatment eligibility, and the possibility of unreported deaths in CHIV considered lost to follow-up (LTFU). We therefore estimated all-cause mortality and its trends in CHIV (<15 years old) on ART using extended and new IeDEA data. Methods: We analysed (i) IeDEA observational data from CHIV in routine care globally, and (ii) novel data from an IeDEA tracing study that determined outcomes in a sample of CHIV after being LTFU in southern Africa. We included 45,711 CHIV on ART during 2004 to 2017 at 72 programmes in Africa, Asia-Pacific and Latin America. We used mixed effects Poisson regression to estimate mortality by age, sex, CD4 at ART start, time on ART, region and calendar year. For Africa, in an adjusted analysis that accounts for unreported deaths among those LTFU, we first modified the routine data by simulating mortality outcomes within six months after LTFU, based on a Gompertz survival model fitted to the tracing data (n = 221). Results: Observed mortality rates were 1.8 (95% CI: 1.7 to 1.9) and 9.4 (6.3 to 13.4) deaths per 100 person-years in the routine and tracing data, respectively. We found strong evidence of higher mortality at shorter ART durations, lower CD4 values, and in infancy. Averaging over covariate patterns, the adjusted mortality rate was 54% higher than the unadjusted rate. In unadjusted analyses, mortality reduced by an average 60% and 73% from 2005 to 2017, within and outside of Africa, respectively. In the adjusted analysis for Africa, this temporal reduction was 42%. Conclusions: Mortality rates among CHIV have decreased substantially over time. However, when accounting for worse outcomes among those LTFU, mortality estimates increased and temporal improvements were slightly reduced, suggesting caution in interpreting analyses based only on programme data. The improved and updated IeDEA estimates on mortality among CHIV on ART support UNAIDS efforts to accurately model global HIV statistics.
Quantum D-modules of toric varieties and oscillatory integrals
Creators: name: Iritani, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We review mirror symmetry for the quantum cohomology D-module of a compact weak-Fano toric manifold. We also discuss the relationship to the GKZ system, the Stanley-Reisner ring, the Mellin-Barnes integrals, and the Gamma-integral structure.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure
D3.5 Report on the modelling for thermohydraulic and ratcheting behaviours
Creators: name: E. Rojas
name: V. Kourdioumov
name: R. Bayón
name: A. Bruch
name: T. Bhanderi
name: J. Weiss
name: S. Rohani
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: This document is the deliverable D3.5 of the project POLYPHEM, where the activities done in Task 3.3 on simulating the thermal storage system of POLYPHEM are reported and discussed. The content of this deliverable fully complies with the Grant Agreement number 764048 signed between the beneficiaries and the European Commission. It also complies with the project Consortium Agreement signed by the beneficiaries. This deliverable D3.5 cannot replace the role neither of the Grant Agreement nor of the Consortium Agreement, which are evidence for the project.
Soft X-ray Pulsations in Solar Flares
Creators: name: Simões, Paulo J. A.
name: Hudson, Hugh S.
name: Fletcher, Lyndsay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The soft X-ray emissions of solar flares come mainly from the bright coronal loops at the highest temperatures normally achieved in the flare process. Their ubiquity has led to their use as a standard measure of flare occurrence and energy, although the overwhelming bulk of the total flare energy goes elsewhere. Recently Dolla et al. (2012) noted quasi-periodic pulsations (QPP) in the soft X-ray signature of the X-class flare SOL2011-02-15, as observed by the standard photometric data from the GOES (Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite) spacecraft. In this paper we analyze the suitability of the GOES data for this kind of analysis and find them to be generally valuable after September, 2010 (GOES-15). We then extend the Dolla et al. result to a complete list of X-class flares from Cycle 24, and show that most of them (80%) display QPPs in the impulsive phase. The pulsations show up cleanly in both channels of the GOES data, making use of time-series of irradiance differences (the digital time derivative on the 2-s sampling). We deploy different techniques to characterize the periodicity of GOES pulsations, considering the red-noise properties of the flare signals, finding a range of chracteristic time scales of the QPPs for each event, but usually with no strong signature of a single period dominating in the power spectrum. The QPP may also appear on somewhat longer time scales during the later gradual phase, possibly with a greater tendency towards coherence, but the sampling noise in GOES difference data for large irradiance values (X-class flares) makes these more uncertain. We show that there is minimal phase difference between the differenced GOES energy channels, or between them and the hard X-ray variations on short time scales. During the impulsive phase the footpoints of the newly-forming flare loops may also contribute to the observed soft X-ray variations.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 1 of Understanding natural genetic variation for grain phytic acid content and functional marker development for phytic acid-related genes in rice
Creators: name: TP, Muhammed Azharudheen
name: Kumar, Awadhesh
name: Anilkumar, Chandrappa
name: Sah, Rameswar Prasad
name: Behera, Sasmita
name: Marndi, Bishnu Charan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Fig. S1. The grain PA content of 94 rice genotypes and two landraces for the year 2020 and 2021. Supplementary Fig. S2. Representative image of allelic diversity at the (AAG)n genetic loci of 3’ UTR of the SPDT gene among 96 rice genotypes (uncropped full length gel image). Supplementary Fig. S3. The dendrogram constructed based on the allelic diversity for PA-related candidate genes in 96 rice genotypes. Supplementary Table S1. Candidate genes reported to be associated with grain PA content in rice. Supplementary Table S2. Nucleotide diversity parameters for the SPDT and OsPT8 genes in rice.
Two-particle Bose-Einstein correlations in $pp$ collisions at $\mathbf {\sqrt{s} =}$ 0.9 and 7 TeV measured with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper presents studies of Bose-Einstein Correlations (BEC) for pairs of like-sign charged particles measured in the kinematic range $p_{\rm T}>$ 100 MeV and $|η|
description: Published version, 14 pages plus author list + cover pages (27 pages total), 6 figures, 2 tables, all figures including auxiliary figures are available at http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/STDM-2013-01/