cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Toward holistic neighbourhood sustainability assessment: integrating fuzzy Delphi method for sustainable indicator selection for Aizawl city
Creators: name: Renthlei, Emeline
name: George, Abraham
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Neighbourhood Sustainability Assessment (NSA) is vital in navigating the complex dynamics of social, environmental, and economic factors in localised settings, especially amidst the challenges of urbanisation, resource scarcity, and climate change. NSA tools have emerged as pivotal instruments in integrating sustainability into urban development, recognising neighbourhood as fundamental units for systemic sustainability approaches. However, existing NSA methodologies tend to favour environmental aspects, prompting a call for more balanced approaches encompassing social and economic dimensions. The study underscores the need for NSA tools to evolve towards context-sensitive methodologies for broader applicability across diverse urban landscapes. Through a literature review, the study highlights the importance of integrating community perspectives, sustainability indicators, and context-specific approaches in NSA, advocating for holistic strategies to drive sustainable urban development agendas. This study presents a methodological framework for selecting neighbourhood sustainability indicators in Aizawl, the capital city of Mizoram which is located in N-E India, by incorporating community perspectives and expert judgments. The methodology involves several steps: review of existing NSA frameworks to select comprehensive indicators, perception and public participation surveys to identify local indicators, engagement of experts through the Fuzzy-Delphi Method, and application of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) for indicator prioritisation. Through these steps, 47 essential indicators were selected, covering social, economic, environmental and governance aspects. The study emphasises the importance of combining bottom-up community input with top-down-expert knowledge for comprehensive and reliable sustainability assessments. Challenges such as energy and water resource deficiencies are highlighted, underscoring the need for balanced approaches to neighbourhood sustainability planning.
Translanguaging for more-than-English sustainability transitions
Creators: name: Holden, Meg
name: Airas, Annika
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology

description: Critical sustainability research pays insufficient attention to the need for language justice in action toward sustainable cities. Addressing this gap can increase inclusive action competence in sustainability. Including diverse languages, along with the work that goes into communicating effectively across languages, can counter the disproportionate dominance of English in sustainability. This is an underexamined aspect of the sustainability knowledge-action gap. Language diversity is large and growing in cities and professions pursuing sustainable development. While English is the lingua franca of sustainability science, learners and actors engage in translanguaging or moving across languages to inform their understanding and communication in culturally and personally relevant ways. Recognising the effort that goes into translanguaging and highlighting language-specific entry points to sustainability transition can deepen the meaningfulness of local sustainability efforts. We designed a workshop to engage the translanguaging competencies of interdisciplinary sustainability learners. Results demonstrate that students were able to build shared understanding through different languages and relate the concepts across languages. This was inclusive of cultural values and personally rewarding for participants. The workshop additionally exposed students to sustainability terms in a language foreign to all of them, Finnish. Students were able to relate meanings to a spectrum of sustainability-related actions that were more readily accessible to them than conventional English language action agendas for sustainability. This workshop demonstrates a replicable methodology to increase attention to diverse languages for activating sustainability agendas. The process of translanguaging, moving across languages to communicate and convey meaning, holds unrecognised value for inclusive sustainability action competence. Read the transcript Watch the video on Vimeo © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group
Taking off the shackles”: the joy, freedom and gravitational pull of low-stakes curriculum innovation within a high-stakes assessment framework
Creators: name: Hennessy, Jennifer
name: Nogueira, Bruna
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education

description: High-stakes assessments continue to command a directing influence on education systems globally. While there is much research detailing the challenges associated with this curricular framework, there is little evidence of a move away from high-stakes assessment frameworks to date. Accordingly, attention is being drawn to spaces and opportunities where meaningful teaching and learning experiences may be fostered within high-stakes systems. This paper explores the case of the Transition Year Programme in Ireland through the lens of the poetry classroom as a case study of striking counter-cultural curriculum innovation set within a high-stakes assessment educational framework. Drawing on the perspectives of poetry teachers, the findings of the study highlight the joy, freedom and gravitational pull experienced by practitioners teaching on this programme. Curriculum and policy-based considerations supporting both the integration of counter- cultural educational innovations across high-stakes educational systems and within high-stakes educational programmes are advanced arising from the findings of this study.
A new mass spectral library for high-coverage and reproducible analysis of the Plasmodium falciparum-infected red blood cell proteome
Creators: name: Siddiqui, G
name: De Paoli, A
name: MacRaild, CA
name: Sexton, AE
name: Boulet, Coralie
name: Shah, AD
name: Batty, MB
name: Schittenhelm, RB
name: Carvalho, Ana-Teresa
name: Creek, DJ
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 310199
subject: Biochemistry and cell biology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 320799
subject: Medical microbiology not elsewhere classified

description: Background: Plasmodium falciparum causes the majority of malaria mortality worldwide, and the disease occurs during the asexual red blood cell (RBC) stage of infection. In the absence of an effective and available vaccine, and with increasing drug resistance, asexual RBC stage parasites are an important research focus. In recent years, mass spectrometry-based proteomics using data-dependent acquisition has been extensively used to understand the biochemical processes within the parasite. However, data-dependent acquisition is problematic for the detection of low-abundance proteins and proteome coverage and has poor run-to-run reproducibility. Results: Here, we present a comprehensive P. falciparum-infected RBC (iRBC) spectral library to measure the abundance of 44,449 peptides from 3,113 P. falciparum and 1,617 RBC proteins using a data-independent acquisition mass spectrometric approach. The spectral library includes proteins expressed in the 3 morphologically distinct RBC stages (ring, trophozoite, schizont), the RBC compartment of trophozoite-iRBCs, and the cytosolic fraction from uninfected RBCs. This spectral library contains 87% of all P. falciparum proteins that have previously been reported with protein-level evidence in blood stages, as well as 692 previously unidentified proteins. The P. falciparum spectral library was successfully applied to generate semi-quantitative proteomics datasets that characterize the 3 distinct asexual parasite stages in RBCs, and compared artemisinin-resistant (Cam3.IIR539T) and artemisinin-sensitive (Cam3.IIrev) parasites. Conclusion: A reproducible, high-coverage proteomics spectral library and analysis method has been generated for investigating sets of proteins expressed in the iRBC stage of P. falciparum malaria. This will provide a foundation for an improved understanding of parasite biology, pathogenesis, drug mechanisms, and vaccine candidate discovery for malaria.
Intraspecific trait variation in alpine plants relates to their elevational distribution
Creators: name: Rixen, C
name: Wipf, S
name: Rumpf, SB
name: Giejsztowt, J
name: Millen, J
name: Morgan, John
name: Nicotra, AB
name: Venn, S
name: Zong, S
name: Dickinson, KJM
name: Freschet, GT
name: Kurzböck, C
name: Li, J
name: Pan, H
name: Pfund, B
name: Quaglia, E
name: Su, X
name: Wang, W
name: Wang, X
name: Yin, H
name: Deslippe, JR
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 310399
subject: Ecology not elsewhere classified

description: Climate warming is shifting the distributions of mountain plant species to higher elevations. Cold-adapted plant species are under increasing pressure from novel competitors that are encroaching from lower elevations. Plant capacity to adjust to these pressures may be measurable as variation in trait values within a species. In particular, the strength and patterns of intraspecific trait variation along abiotic and biotic gradients can inform us whether and how species can adjust their anatomy and morphology to persist in a changing environment. Here, we tested whether species specialized to high elevations or with narrow elevational ranges show more conservative (i.e. less variable) trait responses across their elevational distribution, or in response to neighbours, than species from lower elevations or with wider elevational ranges. We did so by studying intraspecific trait variation of 66 species along 40 elevational gradients in four countries in both hemispheres. As an indication of potential neighbour interactions that could drive trait variation, we also analysed plant species’ height ratio, its height relative to its nearest neighbour. Variation in alpine plant trait values over elevation differed depending on a species’ median elevation and the breadth of its elevational range, with species with lower median elevations and larger elevational range sizes showing greater trait variation, i.e. a steeper slope in trait values, over their elevational distributions. These effects were evidenced by significant interactions between species’ elevation and their elevational preference or range for several traits: vegetative height, generative height, specific leaf area and patch area. The height ratio of focal alpine species and their neighbours decreased in the lower part of their distribution because neighbours became relatively taller at lower elevations. In contrast, species with lower elevational optima maintained a similar height ratio with neighbours throughout their range. Synthesis. We provide evidence that species from lower elevations and those with larger range sizes show greater intraspecific trait variation, which may indicate a greater ability to respond to environmental changes. Also, larger trait variation of species from lower elevations may indicate stronger competitive ability of upslope shifting species, posing one further threat to species from higher ranges.
Talking to the young generation: perception of nature-based solutions’ attractiveness by children from Generation Z
Creators: name: Hekrle, Marek
name: Drdla, Jakub
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Current studies on nature-based solutions (NBS) in urban areas often overlook young people, who are essential users of urban spaces. Our study from the Czech Republic fills this gap by investigating how children (Generation Z, 11–15 years) perceive 12 NBS and 3 grey infrastructure measures and their ecosystem services (ES). Results from an image-based questionnaire survey indicate that water features, trees and flower beds are the most attractive for spending leisure time, while most other features were perceived as relatively unattractive by the children surveyed. In addition, the results highlight oxygen production as the most valued service by children, followed by biodiversity support and aesthetic function. This study emphasises the need for inclusive management of NBS and recognises the role of multiple stakeholders, including children, in creating attractive urban spaces. Key policy highlightsExploring the preferences of Generation Z towards different nature-based solutionsSome measures and benefits were perceived as more attractive and importantWater features, trees, and flower beds were rated as the most attractive measuresOxygen provisioning, biodiversity, and aesthetics were identified as the most important benefitsChildren and young people are essential users of urban nature and public spaces Exploring the preferences of Generation Z towards different nature-based solutions Some measures and benefits were perceived as more attractive and important Water features, trees, and flower beds were rated as the most attractive measures Oxygen provisioning, biodiversity, and aesthetics were identified as the most important benefits Children and young people are essential users of urban nature and public spaces
Characterization of Arabidopsis Post-Glycosylphosphatidylinositol Attachment to Proteins Phospholipase 3 Like Genes
Creators: name: Bernat-Silvestre, C
name: Ma, Yingxuan
name: Johnson, Kim
name: Ferrando, A
name: Aniento, F
name: Marcote, MJ
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 3004
subject: Crop and pasture production
classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 3101
subject: Biochemistry and cell biology
classificationCode: 3108
subject: Plant biology

description: Lipid remodeling of Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchors is required for their maturation and may influence the localization and function of GPI-anchored proteins (GPI-APs). Maturation of GPI-anchors is well characterized in animals and fungi but very little is known about this process in plants. In yeast, the GPI-lipid remodeling occurs entirely at the ER and is initiated by the remodeling enzyme Bst1p (Post-Glycosylphosphatidylinositol Attachment to Proteins inositol deacylase 1 -PGAP1- in mammals and Arabidopsis). Next, the remodeling enzyme Per1p (Post-Glycosylphosphatidylinositol Attachment to Proteins phospholipase 3 -PGAP3- in mammals) removes a short, unsaturated fatty acid of phosphatidylinositol (PI) that is replaced with a very long-chain saturated fatty acid or ceramide to complete lipid remodeling. In mammals, lipid remodeling starts at the ER and is completed at the Golgi apparatus. Studies of the Arabidopsis PGAP1 gene showed that the lipid remodeling of the GPI anchor is critical for the final localization of GPI-APs. Here we characterized loss-of-function mutants of Arabidopsis Per1/PGAP3 like genes (AtPGAP3A and AtPGAP3B). Our results suggest that PGAP3A function is required for the efficient transport of GPI-anchored proteins from the ER to the plasma membrane/cell wall. In addition, loss of function of PGAP3A increases susceptibility to salt and osmotic stresses that may be due to the altered localization of GPI-APs in this mutant. Furthermore, PGAP3B complements a yeast strain lacking PER1 gene suggesting that PGAP3B and Per1p are functional orthologs. Finally, subcellular localization studies suggest that PGAP3A and PGAP3B cycle between the ER and the Golgi apparatus.
"I Can’t Do Math.” The Experience of Math Anxiety and Math Related Intrusive Thoughts in Men and Women
Creators: name: Trudel, Geneviève
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa | University of Ottawa
Year: 2024
Subjects: math anxiety
intrusive thoughts
education
gender

description: The underrepresentation of women in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) fields is a well-recognized concern and is often attributed to the importance of mathematics within STEM disciplines. Math anxiety has been suggested to be more prevalent among women which could potentially act as a barrier to their pursuit of STEM careers. This dissertation's primary objective was to gain a better understanding of gender differences in math anxiety. Study 1 aimed to identify whether math anxiety may mediate the relation between gender and math performance in a sample of undergraduate students (N = 389). Results revealed that women reported higher math anxiety and exhibited lower math performance compared to men. Moreover, math anxiety partially mediated the association between gender and math performance. Researchers have also primarily focused on the cognitive interference model to explain the link between math anxiety and math performance. This account posits that intrusive thoughts experienced by individuals with math anxiety disrupt the working memory processes necessary for successful math performance. Thus, Study 2 and Study 3 focused on the gender differences in the frequency and types of intrusive thoughts experienced during math tasks. In Study 2 we found that among a sample of 309 undergraduate students, math anxiety significantly predicted the frequency of intrusive thoughts, while gender was not a predictor. The most common intrusive thoughts were related to making mistakes, previous math experiences, and problem-solving methods. Study 3 (N = 437) aimed to examine whether intrusive thoughts differed based on the working memory demand of the task. Results indicated that women and higher math anxious individuals experienced more intrusive thoughts. Additionally, higher working memory demand tasks elicited more intrusive thoughts. The most common intrusive thoughts were related to making mistakes, previous math experiences, and time pressure. Overall, this dissertation contributes valuable insights into the complex relation between gender differences, math anxiety, math performance, and intrusive thoughts during math tasks. Understanding these factors is essential to finding effective interventions for math anxiety which could potentially help address the underrepresentation of women in STEM fields.
Commodity association’s roles and determinants of farmers’ participation in their climate change adaptation activities in Sierra Leone
Creators: name: Amara, Augustine
name: Oladele, Idowu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: This paper examined the commodity association’s roles and determinants of farmers’ participation in climate change adaptation in Sierra Leone. The three most prominent commodity associations were purposively selected due to membership size and the diversity of services rendered to members, which was followed by random selection of elected leaders to give a sample size of 140. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data and subjected to percentages and Probit regression analysis. The results show that the majority of the respondents across the crop, fishery and livestock commodity associations are middle-aged, male, with no formal education, married, high awareness of climate change, high incidence of climate change activities and low socioeconomic status. The use of community radios to present programs on climate adaptation techniques to members across different commodity associations is the most prominent activity (55.67%). Other major prominent climate adaptation activities of commodity associations are community mobilisation (53%), community seed multiplication (52.33%), diversification of livelihoods (50.67%) and workshops (50%). The determinants of participation in community associations’ climate adaptation activities are age, gender, socioeconomic status, education, socioeconomic status, climate change incidence, farming system factors and climate change awareness. The commodity associations are thus enhancing climate adaptation through services and activities to their members.
Principles for scientists working at the river science-policy interface
Creators: name: Thompson, RM
name: Barbour, EJ
name: Bradshaw, CJA
name: Briggs, S
name: Byron, N
name: Grace, M
name: Hart, BT
name: King, Alison
name: Likens, GE
name: Pollino, CA
name: Sheldon, F
name: Stewardson, MJ
name: Thoms, M
name: Watts, RJ
name: Webb, JA
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 410499
subject: Environmental management not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 440799
subject: Policy and administration not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 441099
subject: Sociology not elsewhere classified

description: In the face of mounting environmental and political challenges in river management, accurate and timely scientific information is required to inform policy development and guide effective management of waterways. The Murray–Darling Basin is Australia's largest river system by area and is the subject of a heavily contested series of water reforms relying comprehensively on river science. River scientists have specialised knowledge that is an important input into evidence-based decision-making for the management of the Murray–Darling Basin, but despite extensive literature on the interface between science and policy, there is little guidance on achieving policy relevance for practicing scientists. Here, we provide a set of important discussion points for water scientists to consider when engaging with policy-makers and environmental water managers. We place our considerations in the context of a broader literature discussing the role of natural-resource scientists engaging with policy and management. We then discuss the different roles for river scientists when engaging in this space, and the advantages and pitfalls of each. We illustrate the breadth of modes of engagement at the science-policy-management interface using the Murray–Darling Basin as an example. We emphasise the need for effective governance arrangements and data practices to protect scientists from accusations of operating as advocates when working to inform management and policy.
How does group availability affect distributional equity of outdoor physical activity facilities? Evidence from Nanjing, China
Creators: name: Zhou, Conghui
name: Liu, Jingfang
name: Tao, Chengxi
name: An, Yihuan
name: Zhang, Yu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Most studies have measured the distributional equity of outdoor physical activity facilities (OPAFs) considering the unified accessible quantity and ignored the disparity of group availability. This study adopts a multidimensional approach to measure the distributional equity of OPAFs from the levels of city and residential units. Considering the old city of Nanjing as a sample, we first categorised the existing OPAFs into equipped sites, multifunctional sites, and trails and quantified the size and composition of three age groups in each residential unit. Second, we modularised OPAFs’ services through which each service type corresponds to one physical activity (PA) module and identified each module’s available groups. Third, we adopted accessibility, diversity, and supply-demand structure consistency (SDSC) to measure the distributional equity of OPAFs at two levels. The results showed that at the city level, the gap in the diversity of the modules between Group C (60 years old and above) and Groups A (15–59 years old) and B (60 years old and above) was more significant than that of accessible quantity, while the mean SDSC for Group C was much higher than those for Groups A and B. At the unit level, the differences in OPAFs’ group availability generated more significant differences in distributing diversity and SDSC than in the distribution of accessibility. Compared to traditional assessments, this tool integrates the disparity of OPAFs’ availability among different groups into the equity measurement, which can enhance the analytical precision and granularity and provide tailored OPAF optimisation strategies.
title: Entwurf eines Gesetzes zum Erhalt und zur Verbesserung der brandenburgischen Agrarstruktur auf dem Gebiet des landwirtschaftlichen Bodenmarkts (Agrarstrukturgesetz – BbgASG) in der Fassung der Verbändeanhörung April 2023 – eine rechtswissenschaftliche Würdigung
Creators: name: Tölle, Antje
name: Hochschule Für Wirtschaft Und Recht Berlin
Publisher: name: Hochschule für Wirtschaft und Recht Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Agrarstruktur
subject: Agrarstrukturgesetz
subject: Bodenmarkt
subject: Brandenburg
subject: Grundstücksverkehr

description: Es handelt sich um eine auf 150 Fragen basierende rechtswissenschaftliche Stellungnahme zum Referentenentwurf  eines Gesetzes zum Erhalt und zur Verbesserung der brandenburgischen Agrarstruktur auf dem Gebiet des landwirtschaftlichen Bodenmarkts (Agrarstrukturgesetz – BbgASG) in der Fassung der Verbändeanhörung April 2023.
title: The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised and the Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Cognitive Ability: Performance Comparisons of Elementary Students Being Referred for Special Education Services
Creators: name: Hardiman, Priscilla Mazza
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1982

description: The purpose of this study was to compare the performance of students being referred for special education services on the Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Cognitive Ability (WJTCA), Part One from the Woodcock-Johnson Psycho­ Educational Battery and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R). A sample of 54 elementary students in grades one through six was randomly selected from a referral population for special education identification and services. The subjects were administered all subtests in the Woodcock-Johnson Tests of Cognitive Ability and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children­ Revised within a three month period of time. The results indicated a significant relationship between the WJTCA and the WISC-R, thus supporting the concurrent validity of the WJTCA as a cognitive measure. Comparisons of mean full scale scores on the WJTCA and the WISC-R indicated no significant difference between the two tests as a function of sex or lower elementary versus upper elementary grouping. However, a significant sex inter­ action was derived from a greater discrepancy between the WJTCA and WISC-R for boys as compared to girls.
The Suasory Force of Sticky Messages An Application to the Application of Sunscreen
Creators: name: Schmaelzle, Ralf
Publisher: name: unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Communication

description: Stickiness refers to the set of persuasive message properties: simple, unexpected, concrete, credible, emotional, and stories (SUCCES). Heath and Heath (2007) argue that a sticky message is expected to be more memorable and hence more persuasive than a non-sticky message. A 2 (sticky v. non-sticky message) x 3 (pretest v. posttest v. delayed test) longitudinal experiment is employed to examine the persuasiveness of sticky messages on applying sunscreen. Results of a mixed model analysis of variance show that the sticky message produces attitudes and behaviors more favorable to the message recom- mendation than the non-sticky message. Specifically, a time × message induction non- additive effect was found, which sustained only in the sticky message condition across time. Despite this interesting effect, its explanation remains elusive.
Current access, availability and use of antibiotics in primary care among key low- and middle-income countries and the policy implications
Creators: name: Saleem, Zikria
name: Mekonnen, Biset Asrade
name: Orubu, Ebiowei Samuel
name: Islam, Md Ariful
name: Nguyen, Thuy Thi Phuong
name: Ubaka, Chukwuemeka Michael
name: Buma, Deus
name: Do Thi Thuy, Nga
name: Sant, Yashasvi
name: Sono, Tiyani Milta
name: Bochenek, Tomasz
name: Kalungia, Aubrey C.
name: Abdullah, Saad
name: Miljković, Nenad
name: Yeika, Eugene
name: Niba, Loveline Lum
name: Akafity, George
name: Sefah, Israel Abebrese
name: Opanga, Sylvia A.
name: Kitutu, Freddy Eric
name: Khuluza, Felix
name: Zaranyika, Trust
name: Parajuli, Ayuska
name: Darweesh, Omeed
name: Islam, Salequl
name: Kumar, Santosh
name: Nabayiga, Hellen
name: Jairoun, Ammar Abdulrahman
name: Chigome, Audrey
name: Ogunleye, Olayinka
name: Fadare, Joseph
name: Massele, Amos
name: Cook, Aislinn
name: Jelić, Ana Golić
name: Godói, Isabella Piassi Dias
name: Phillip, Amani
name: Meyer, Johanna C.
name: Funiciello, Elisa
name: Lorenzetti, Giulia
name: Kurdi, Amanj
name: Haseeb, Abdul
name: Moore, Catrin E.
name: Campbell, Stephen M
name: Godman, Brian
name: Sharland, Mike
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant threat, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), exacerbated by inappropriate antibiotic use, access to quality antibiotics and weak antimicrobial stewardship (AMS). There is a need to review current evidence on antibiotic use, access, and AMR, in primary care across key countries. This narrative review analyzes publications from 2018 to 2024 regarding access, availability, and use of appropriate antibiotics. There were very few studies focussing on a lack of access to antibiotics in primary care. However, there was considerable evidence of high rates of inappropriate antibiotic use, including Watch antibiotics, typically for minor infections, across studied countries exacerbated by patient demand. The high costs of antibiotics in a number of LMICs impact on their use, resulting in short courses and sharing of antibiotics. This can contribute to AMR alongside the use of substandard and falsified antibiotics. Overall, limited implementation of national action plans, insufficient resources, and knowledge gaps affects sustainable development goals to provide routine access to safe, effective, and appropriate antibiotics. There is a clear need to focus health policy on the optimal use of essential AWaRe antibiotics in primary care settings to reduce AMR in LMICs.
Soft infrastructure: the critical community-level resources reportedly needed for program success
Creators: name: Kavanagh, SA
name: Hawe, P
name: Shiell, Alan
name: Mallman, Mark
name: Garvey, Kate
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences
classificationCode: 4202
subject: Epidemiology
classificationCode: 4203
subject: Health services and systems
classificationCode: 4206
subject: Public health

description: Background: The mechanisms typically used to fund health promotion in communities, either as part of an effort to scale-up programs or to support the design of local activities, often pay insufficient attention to the foundational means of enhancing well-being. Only recently have researchers begun to critically ‘unpack’ how funding processes connect with and activate local community capacities. Methods: We conducted a thematic analysis of 33 interviews with policy and program administrators in public health and local community workers and volunteers. We invited them to expound on their understandings of resources - specifically, what needs to be in place to make funded programs successful and/or what do communities draw on to make funded programs effective. Results: Policy and program administrators reflected mostly on the importance of traditional resources, such as adequate funding and staffing. Community-based participants often went further to describe psychological and sociological resources – the “soft infrastructure” which included trust and hope. Both groups emphasised the importance of building networks and relationships at multiple levels. Community workers also provided examples of how resources grow and improve in value in combination with other processes or through pathways of resource use or resource distribution. So, resources like information/knowledge are made more valuable when relayed locally. Physical amenities (e.g., meeting spaces, kitchens) have an instrumental role, but also act powerfully as a symbolic resource for identity. Participants reported that funding processes can damage the resources required for community health improvement. Funding instability undermines capacity. The ongoing threat of funding removal was described by one administrator as community “bullying”. Conclusions: Processes of health promotion funding, and even standard processes of program scale-up and readiness assessment, risk underestimating the range of resources that are fundamental for community health improvement, particularly among disadvantaged communities. Funders should design ways to resource communities so that there is constant attention to and coaching of critically important diverse processes of resource growth, independent of program-specific funds.
D3.5. Selected fractions and ingredients for final applications
Creators: name: Krenz, Lina
name: Pleissner, Daniel
name: Moreira, Diana
name: Nunes da Silva, Marta
name: Santos, Carla
name: Vasconcelos, Marta W.
name: Wockenfuß, Luise
name: Silva, Beatriz
name: Petrusan, Janos-Istvan
name: Smetana, Sergiy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This document demonstrates the potential of UCs for new product development for foods (e.g. functional baked goods (SB), meat-surrogates (DIL)), feed convenience products (ILU), and bioactive food and feed ingredients (UCP).
Potential of Time‐Resolved Serial Femtosecond Crystallography Using High Repetition Rate XFEL Sources
Creators: name: de Wijn, R
name: Melo, DVM
name: Koua, FHM
name: Mancuso, Adrian
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 3101
subject: Biochemistry and cell biology
classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: This perspective review describes emerging techniques and future opportunities for timeresolved serial femtosecond crystallography (TR‐SFX) experiments using high repetition rate XFEL sources. High repetition rate sources are becoming more available with the European XFEL in operation and the recently upgraded LCLS‐II will be available in the near future. One efficient use of these facilities for TR‐SFX relies on pump–probe experiments using a laser to trigger a reaction of light‐responsive proteins or mix‐and‐inject experiments for light‐unresponsive proteins. With the view to widen the application of TR‐SFX, the promising field of photocaged compounds is under development, which allows the very fast laser triggering of reactions that is no longer limited to naturally light‐responsive samples. In addition to reaction triggering, a key concern when performing an SFX experiment is efficient sample usage, which is a main focus of new high repetition ratecompatible sample delivery methods.
Current access, availability and use of antibiotics in primary care among key low- and middle-income countries and the policy implications
Creators: name: Saleem, Zikria
name: Mekonnen, Biset Asrade
name: Orubu, E Sam
name: Islam, Md Ariful
name: Nguyen, Thuy Thi Phuong
name: Ubaka, Chukwuemeka Michael
name: Buma, Deus
name: Do Thi Thuy, Nga
name: Sant, Yashasvi
name: Sono, Tiyani Milta
name: Bochenek, Tomasz
name: Kalungia, Aubrey C.
name: Abdullah, Saad
name: Miljković, Nenad
name: Yeika, Eugene
name: Niba, Loveline Lum
name: Akafity, George
name: Sefah, Israel Abebrese
name: Opanga, Sylvia A.
name: Kitutu, Freddy Eric
name: Khuluza, Felix
name: Zaranyika, Trust
name: Parajuli, Ayuska
name: Darweesh, Omeed
name: Islam, Salequl
name: Kumar, Santosh
name: Nabayiga, Hellen
name: Jairoun, Ammar Abdulrahman
name: Chigome, Audrey
name: Ogunleye, Olayinka
name: Fadare, Joseph
name: Massele, Amos
name: Cook, Aislinn
name: Jelić, Ana Golić
name: Godói, Isabella Piassi Dias
name: Phillip, Amani
name: Meyer, Johanna C.
name: Funiciello, Elisa
name: Lorenzetti, Giulia
name: Kurdi, Amanj
name: Haseeb, Abdul
name: Moore, Catrin E.
name: Campbell, Stephen M
name: Godman, Brian
name: Sharland, Mike
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant threat, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), exacerbated by inappropriate antibiotic use, access to quality antibiotics and weak antimicrobial stewardship (AMS). There is a need to review current evidence on antibiotic use, access, and AMR, in primary care across key countries.Areas covered: This narrative review analyses publications from 2018 to 2024 regarding access, availability and use of appropriate antibiotics. There were very few studies focussing on a lack of access to antibiotics in primary care. However, there was considerable evidence of high rates of inappropriate antibiotic use, including Watch antibiotics, typically for minor infections, across studied countries exacerbated by patient demand. The high costs of antibiotics in a number of LMICs impacts on their use resulting in short courses and sharing of antibiotics. This can contribute to AMR alongside the use of substandard and falsified antibiotics. Overall, limited implementation of national action plans, insufficient resources, and knowledge gaps, affects sustainable development goals to provide routine access to safe, effective and appropriate antibiotics. There is a clear need to focus health policy on the optimal use of essential AWaRe antibiotics in primary care settings to reduce AMR in LMICs
Twenty-five years of palivizumab: a global historic review of its impact on the burden of respiratory syncytial virus disease in children
Creators: name: Carbonell-Estrany, Xavier
name: Simões, Eric A.F.
name: Bont, Louis
name: Manzoni, Paolo
name: Zar, Heather J.
name: Greenough, Anne
name: Ramilo, Octavio
name: Stein, Renato
name: Law, Barbara
name: Mejias, Asuncion
name: Luna, Manuel Sanchez
name: Checchia, Paul A.
name: Krilov, Leonard
name: Lanari, Marcello
name: Dagan, Ron
name: Fauroux, Brigitte
name: Resch, Bernhard
name: Heikkinen, Terho
name: Domachowske, Joseph B.
name: Wildenbeest, Joanne G.
name: Martinon-Torres, Federico
name: Thwaites, Richard
name: Cetinkaya, Merih
name: Alharbi, Adel S.
name: Rodriguez-Martinez, Carlos E.
name: Noyola, Daniel E.
name: Kassim, Asiah
name: Kusuda, Satoshi
name: Kang, Ji-Man
name: Rodgers-Gray, Barry
name: Platonova, Anna
name: Jah, Fungwe
name: Paes, Bosco
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes significant morbidity and mortality in young children. For 25 years, palivizumab has been the only effective pharmaceutical RSV preventive. We summarize the development and a quarter-century of real-world evidence with palivizumab. We highlight its positive impact on the burden of RSV in high-risk children. Based on lessons learnt from its implementation, we suggest strategies for effective and equitable deployment of newer RSV preventives. Following failure of the formalin-inactivated RSV vaccine in 1967, RSV intravenous immunoglobulin was approved in 1996 after three decades’ research. Subsequently, palivizumab emerged as the most effective and safe RSV preventive, demonstrated by the IMpact trial, and was licensed in 1998 in the United States. Over the last 25 years, the benefits of palivizumab have been firmly established through a wealth of evidence, predominantly from high-income countries (HICs). To achieve a global impact with the newer RSV preventives, evidenced-based universal guidelines must be developed and endorsed by regulatory authorities and relevant scientific societies. Independent economic evaluations should incorporate all RSV-associated healthcare costs, reduction of long-term respiratory sequelae, and standardized outcomes. Most importantly, equity in product availability and implementation, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is essential.
3D printed devices and infrastructure for liquid sample delivery at the European XFEL
Creators: name: Vakili, M
name: Bielecki, J
name: Knoška, J
name: Otte, F
name: Han, H
name: Kloos, M
name: Schubert, R
name: Delmas, E
name: Mills, G
name: De Wijn, R
name: Letrun, R
name: Dold, S
name: Bean, R
name: Round, A
name: Kim, Y
name: Lima, FA
name: Dörner, K
name: Valerio, J
name: Heymann, M
name: Mancuso, Adrian
name: Schulz, J
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 340699
subject: Physical chemistry not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 519999
subject: Other physical sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The Sample Environment and Characterization (SEC) group of the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser (EuXFEL) develops sample delivery systems for the various scientific instruments, including systems for the injection of liquid samples that enable serial femtosecond X-ray crystallography (SFX) and singleparticle imaging (SPI) experiments, among others. For rapid prototyping of various device types and materials, sub-micrometre precision 3D printers are used to address the specific experimental conditions of SFX and SPI by providing a large number of devices with reliable performance. This work presents the current pool of 3D printed liquid sample delivery devices, based on the two-photon polymerization (2PP) technique. These devices encompass gas dynamic virtual nozzles (GDVNs), mixing-GDVNs, high-viscosity extruders (HVEs) and electrospray conical capillary tips (CCTs) with highly reproducible geometric features that are suitable for time-resolved SFX and SPI experiments at XFEL facilities. Liquid sample injection setups and infrastructure on the Single Particles, Clusters, and Biomolecules and Serial Femtosecond Crystallography (SPB/SFX) instrument are described, this being the instrument which is designated for biological structure determination at the EuXFEL.
“She’ll Be Right, Mate”: A Mixed Methods Analysis of Skin Cancer Prevention Practices among Australian Farmers—An At-Risk Group
Creators: name: Trenerry, C
name: Fletcher, C
name: Wilson, Carlene
name: Gunn, K
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences
classificationCode: 4203
subject: Health services and systems

description: This study examined Australian farmers’ engagement with skin cancer prevention behaviours and explored what made it hard for them to be ‘SunSmart’ (barriers), and what could be done to make prevention easier (facilitators). In total, 498 farmers (83.1% male, 22–89 years, 50.8% grain, sheep, or cattle farmers) participated. The least frequently performed SunSmart behaviours (reported as never practiced during summer) were using SPF 30+ sunscreen (16.6%), wearing protective sunglasses (10.5%), and wearing protective clothing (8.6%). Greater engagement (i.e., higher scores on scale from Never to Always) with SunSmart behaviours was explained by gender (female), educational attainment (trade or technical college certificate vs. high school), personal skin cancer history, and skin sun sensitivity. Barriers reported by farmers related to personal preferences (e.g., short-sleeved rather than long-sleeved clothing), comfort, and perceived impracticality of sun protection. Farmers’ solutions included making protective clothing and sunscreen more appropriate for farm work (e.g., by making clothing more breathable). A personal health scare was the most reported motivation for skin cancer prevention. Findings highlight the need for increased access to sun-protective clothing and sunscreen that is suitable for wearing when working on farms, complemented by culturally appropriate health education messaging, to encourage more farmers to perform SunSmart behaviours.
Artificial intelligence and its application in clinical microbiology
Creators: name: Mairi, Assia
name: Hamza, Lamia
name: Touati, Abdelaziz
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Traditional microbiological diagnostics face challenges in pathogen identification speed and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) evaluation. Artificial intelligence (AI) offers transformative solutions, necessitating a comprehensive review of its applications, advancements, and integration challenges in clinical microbiology. This review examines AI-driven methodologies, including machine learning (ML), deep learning (DL), and convolutional neural networks (CNNs), for enhancing pathogen detection, AMR prediction, and diagnostic imaging. Applications in virology (e.g. COVID-19 RT-PCR optimization), parasitology (e.g. malaria detection), and bacteriology (e.g. automated colony counting) are analyzed. A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science (2018–2024), prioritizing peer-reviewed studies on AI’s diagnostic accuracy, workflow efficiency, and clinical validation. AI significantly improves diagnostic precision and operational efficiency but requires robust validation to address data heterogeneity, model interpretability, and ethical concerns. Future success hinges on interdisciplinary collaboration to develop standardized, equitable AI tools tailored for global healthcare settings. Advancing explainable AI and federated learning frameworks will be critical for bridging current implementation gaps and maximizing AI’s potential in combating infectious diseases.
Information management and the need for cataloging in fanfiction communities
Creators: name: Russell, Bonnie
Publisher: name: unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Library science
subject: Fans (Persons)
subject: Information science
subject: Subculture

description: Fanfiction communities are not formal libraries nor are they traditional archives. They are staffed almost entirely by volunteers who are anonymous writers and readers of the content. These communities are a fascinating look at the organic ways information management and homegrown folksonomies can come about. With fanfiction growing in popularity, one can expect to see growth coming in the needs of information management within the movement.