cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Constraining the Warm Dark Matter Particle Mass through Ultra-Deep UV Luminosity Functions at z=2
Creators: name: Menci, N.
name: Sanchez, N. G.
name: Castellano, M.
name: Grazian, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the mass function of galactic dark matter halos for different values of the Warm Dark Matter (WDM) particle mass m_X and compare it with the abundance of ultra-faint galaxies derived from the deepest UV luminosity function available so far at redshift z~2. The magnitude limit M_UV=-13 reached by such observations allows us to probe the WDM mass functions down to scales close to or smaller than the half-mass mode mass scale ~10^9 M_sun. This allowed for an efficient discrimination among predictions for different m_X which turn out to be independent of the star formation efficiency adopted to associate the observed UV luminosities of galaxies to the corresponding dark matter masses. Adopting a conservative approach to take into account the existing theoretical uncertainties in the galaxy halo mass function, we derive a robust limit m_X>1.8 keV for the mass of thermal relic WDM particles when comparing with the measured abundance of the faintest galaxies, while m_X>1.5 keV is obtained when we compare with the Schechter fit to the observed luminosity function. The corresponding lower limit for sterile neutrinos depends on the modeling of the production mechanism; for instance m_sterile > 4 keV holds for the Shi-Fuller mechanism. We discuss the impact of observational uncertainties on the above bound on m_X. As a baseline for comparison with forthcoming observations from the HST Frontier Field, we provide predictions for the abundance of faint galaxies with M_UV=-13 for different values of m_X and of the star formation efficiency, valid up to z~4.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
title: Inferring functional units in ion channel pores via relative entropy
Creators: name: Schmidt, Michael
name: Schroeder, Indra
name: Bauer, Daniel
name: Thiel, Gerhard
name: Hamacher, Kay
Publisher: name: Springer International Publishing
Year: 2024

description: Coarse-grained protein models approximate the first-principle physical potentials. Among those modeling approaches, the relative entropy framework yields promising and physically sound results, in which a mapping from the target protein structure and dynamics to a model is defined and subsequently adjusted by an entropy minimization of the model parameters. Minimization of the relative entropy is equivalent to maximization of the likelihood of reproduction of (configurational ensemble) observations by the model. In this study, we extend the relative entropy minimization procedure beyond parameter fitting by a second optimization level, which identifies the optimal mapping to a (dimension-reduced) topology. We consider anisotropic network models of a diverse set of ion channels and assess our findings by comparison to experimental results.
Gas6 in chronic liver disease—a novel blood-based biomarker for liver fibrosis
Creators: name: Staufer, Katharina
name: Huber, Heidemarie
name: Zessner-Spitzenberg, Jasmin
name: Stauber, Rudolf
name: Finkenstedt, Armin
name: Bantel, Heike
name: Weiss, Thomas S.
name: Huber, Markus A.
name: Starlinger, Patrick
name: Gruenberger, Thomas
name: Reiberger, Thomas
name: Sebens, Susanne
name: McIntyre, Gail
name: Tabibiazar, Ray
name: Giaccia, Amato
name: Zoller, Heinz
name: Trauner, Michael
name: Mikulits, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Diagnostic markers; Liver fibrosis
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Abstract

The expression of the receptor tyrosine kinase Axl and its cleavage product soluble Axl (sAxl) is increased in liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this multicenter study, we evaluated the diagnostic value of Gas6, the high-affinity ligand of Axl, in patients with chronic liver disease. Levels of sAxl and Gas6, and their albumin (alb) ratios were analyzed in serum samples of patients with biopsy-proven liver fibrosis, end-stage liver disease, HCC, and healthy controls, and were compared to Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4), enhanced liver fibrosis (ELF™) test, Child-Pugh score (CPS), model of end-stage liver disease (MELD) score, hepatic venous pressure gradient, and α-fetoprotein, respectively. A total of 1111 patients (median age 57.8 y, 67.3% male) was analyzed. Gas6/alb showed high diagnostic accuracy for the detection of significant (≥F2: AUC 0.805) to advanced fibrosis (≥F3: AUC 0.818), and was superior to Fib-4 for the detection of cirrhosis (F4: AUC 0.897 vs. 0.878). In addition, Gas6/alb was highly predictive of liver disease severity (Odds ratios for CPS B/C, MELD ≥ 15, and clinically significant portal hypertension (CSPH) were 16.534, 10.258, and 12.115), and was associated with transplant-free survival (Hazard ratio 1.031). Although Gas6 and Gas6/alb showed high diagnostic accuracy for the detection of HCC in comparison to chronic liver disease patients without cirrhosis (AUC 0.852, 0.868), they failed to discriminate between HCC in cirrhosis versus cirrhosis only. In conclusion, Gas6/alb shows a high accuracy to detect significant to advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis, and predicts severity of liver disease including CSPH.
title: Milwaukee shoulder: A destructive arthropathy
Creators: name: Ferreira, Fábio
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: CT
subject: Clinical Case

description: Clinical History: A 59-year-old woman presented with a 2-month history of right shoulder pain and swelling. The patient reported a traumatic fall 9 months prior. Physical examination revealed a limited and painful active and passive range of motion of the right shoulder.

description: 59 years, female
Hybrid PV-Systems for Electrification and Sector Coupling of Road Transport Sector in Norway
Creators: name: Fagerström, J.
name: Kvalbein, L.
name: Danebergs, J.
name: Nærland, T.U.
name: Øgaard, M.B.
name: Espegren, K.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2021
Subjects: PV Applications, Integration and Storage
Energy System Integration

description: 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1350-1355
description: Electrification of the road transport sector will likely include both battery-electric (BEV) and hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV). Sector coupling of energy carriers has been described as a route forward for efficient integration of renewable energy. The objective of this work was to determine the net present cost improvements with co-localization of charging and filling stations, i.e. sector coupling of electricity and hydrogen energy carriers, and how this would impact optimal sizing of the PV production and battery storage. A grid-connected co-localized charging/filling station situated north of Oslo, Norway, was modeled in Homer Pro and Homer Grid. PV energy generation profiles were modeled using PVsyst and a snow loss model. Demand data for BEV and FCEV was synthesized based on historical traffic data (year 2015-2019). The results show that the electrification of the road transport sector passing the point of selection requires about 53 MW peak electricity demand. Co-localization, i.e., sector coupling of BEV and FCEV, indicated a marginal cost-efficiency improvement of 0.4-1.1% and increased optimal PV capacity and reduced PV-power export.
The wage transition in developed countries and its implications for China
Creators: name: Baaquie, Belal
name: Roehner, Bertrand M.
name: Wang, Qinghai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The expression "wage transition" refers to the fact that over the past two or three decades in all developed economies wage increases have levelled off. There has been a widening divergence and decoupling between wages on the one hand and GDP per capita on the other hand. Yet, in China wages and GDP per capita climbed in sync (at least up to now). In the first part of the paper we present comparative statistical evidence which measures the extent of the wage transition effect. In a second part we consider the reasons of this phenomenon, in particular we explain how the transfers of labor from low productivity sectors (such as agriculture) to high productivity sectors (such as manufacturing) are the driver of productivity growth, particularly through their synergetic effects. Although rural flight represents only one of these effects, it is certainly the most visible because of the geographical relocation that it implies; it is also the most well-defined statistically. Moreover, it will be seen that it is a good indicator of the overall productivity and attractivity of the non-agricultural sector. Because this model accounts fairly well for the observed evolution in industrialized countries, we use it to predict the rate of Chinese economic growth in the coming decades. Our forecast for the average annual growth of real wages ranges from 4% to 6% depending on how well China will control the development of its healthcare industry.
description: 32 pages, 9 figures
Semi-homotopy and semi-fundamental groups
Creators: name: Erciyes, Ayhan
name: Aytekin, Ali
name: Şahan, Tunçar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 54C08, 14F35, 55Q05, 57M05

description: In this study we introduce the notions of semi-homotopy of semi-continuous maps and of semi-paths. We also construct a group structure, which will be called semi-fundamental group, using semi-loops and explore some properties of semi-homotopy and semi-fundamental groups.
description: 15 pages, research article, LaTeX2e, xypic
Sector Coupled Energy Model for the European Electricity, Heat and Transport Sectors - Methodology
Creators: name: Blinn, A.
name: Te Heesen, H.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2021
Subjects: PV Applications, Integration and Storage
Energy System Integration

description: 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1356-1363
description: Europe can ensure a reliable, economical, and environmentally compatible energy supply by moving from finite fossil fuels to regenerative and sustainable energy production. Due to the characteristics of fluctuating power generation plants, the need for storage increases but can be reduced to a minimum through energy demand reduction measures, such as general technical efficiency improvements and changes in consumer behavior, as well as through load shifting and the expansion of domestic and cross-border transmission grid capacities. Sector coupling combines the electricity, heat, and transport sectors into a holistic system. This work aims to investigate an energy system 100 % based on renewable energy by the year 2050. For this purpose, a complete sector-coupled energy model (UCBSEnMod) of all energy sectors was modelled. The interaction of energy supply and energy consumption can be investigated with hourly resolution. The result of the present work is that a 100 % renewable energy system in Europe is technically possible. The overall system will be characterized by a high degree of photovoltaic and wind power, whose volatile power generation requires storage technologies. By displacing combustion-based technologies as far as possible and using more efficient electrical consumers, primary and final energy consumption can be significantly reduced.
Block Stanley decompositions I. Elementary and gnomon decompositions
Creators: name: Murdock, James
name: Murdock, Theodore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13P10, 13P25, 13P99

description: Stanley decompositions are used in invariant theory and the theory of normal forms for dynamical systems to provide a unique way of writing each invariant as a polynomial in the Hilbert basis elements. Since the required Stanley decompositions can be very long, we introduce a more concise notation called a block decomposition, along with three notions of shortness (incompressibility, minimality of Stanley spaces, and minimality of blocks) for block decompositions. We give two algorithms that generate different block decompositions, which we call elementary and gnomon decompositions, and give examples. Soleyman-Jahan's criterion for a Stanley decomposition to come from a prime filtration is reformulated to apply to block decompositions. We simplify his proof, and apply the theorem to show that elementary and gnomon decompositions come from "subprime" filtrations. In a sequel to this paper we will introduce two additional algorithms that generate block decompositions that may not always be subprime, but are always incompressible.
A Microscopic approach to Souslin-tree constructions. Part I
Creators: name: Brodsky, Ari Meir
name: Rinot, Assaf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03E05 (Primary) 03E65, 03E35, 05C05 (Secondary)

description: We propose a parameterized proxy principle from which $κ$-Souslin trees with various additional features can be constructed, regardless of the identity of $κ$. We then introduce the microscopic approach, which is a simple method for deriving trees from instances of the proxy principle. As a demonstration, we give a construction of a coherent $κ$-Souslin tree that applies also for $κ$ inaccessible. We then carry out a systematic study of the consistency of instances of the proxy principle, distinguished by the vector of parameters serving as its input. Among other things, it will be shown that all known $\diamondsuit$-based constructions of $κ$-Souslin trees may be redirected through this new proxy principle.
description: 43 pages
Studying the STA effects on aluminium alloy joints by friction welding
Creators: name: Bakkiyaraj, M.
name: Ananth, J
name: Venkatesan, Sivamaran
name: K Nagarajan, P
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: This article examines the properties of joints fabricated by friction welding (FW) using AA6061-T6 and AA7075 as examples of both similar and dissimilar metals. It also looks at how heat treatment after welding affects the metallurgical characteristics of the joint. The heat treatment method under investigation combines solutionizing heat treatment with synthetic ageing (STA). The tensile characteristics, microhardness, and microstructure of the as-welded and STA-treated welded specimens are assessed in the paper using mechanical testing equipment and metallurgical characterization methods. The findings demonstrate that the joint characteristics are enhanced by precipitate nucleation occurring in the joint interface of the FW similar and dissimilar joint under STA treatment. On the other hand, the STA influence on the tensile strength (TS) of joints made with AA7075 was greater than that of similar joints made with AA6061-T6, as well as dissimilar joints made with both AA6061-T6 and AA7075. Additionally, after STA treatment, the similar joints showed a uniform distribution of hardness. However, in the dissimilar joint after STA treatment, the hardness dropped suddenly on the AA6061-T6 side, specifically from the partially deformed zone (PDZ) towards the heat affected zone (HAZ).
The role of weakest links and system size scaling in multiscale modeling of stochastic plasticity
Creators: name: Ispánovity, Péter Dusán
name: Tüzes, Dániel
name: Szabó, Péter
name: Zaiser, Michael
name: Groma, István
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Plastic deformation of crystalline and amorphous matter often involves intermittent local strain burst events. To understand the physical background of the phenomenon a minimal stochastic mesoscopic model was introduced, where microstructural details are represented by a fluctuating local yielding threshold. In the present paper, we propose a method for determining this yield stress distribution by lower scale discrete dislocation dynamics simulations and using a weakest link argument. The success of scale-linking is demonstrated on the stress-strain curves obtained by the resulting mesoscopic and the discrete dislocation models. As shown by various scaling relations they are statistically equivalent and behave identically in the thermodynamic limit. The proposed technique is expected to be applicable for different microstructures and amorphous materials, too.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures
Valence-quark distribution functions in the kaon and pion
Creators: name: Chen, Chen
name: Chang, Lei
name: Roberts, Craig D.
name: Wan, Shaolong
name: Zong, Hong-Shi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe expressions for pion and kaon dressed-quark distribution functions that incorporate contributions from gluons which bind quarks into these mesons and hence overcome a flaw of the commonly used handbag approximation. The distributions therewith obtained are purely valence in character, ensuring that dressed-quarks carry all a meson's momentum at a characteristic hadronic scale and vanishing as $(1-x)^2$ when Bjorken-$x\to 1$. Comparing such distributions within the pion and kaon, it is apparent that the size of SU(3)-flavour symmetry breaking in meson parton distribution functions is modulated by the flavour dependence of dynamical chiral symmetry breaking. Corrections to these leading-order formulae may be divided into two classes, responsible for shifting dressed-quark momentum into glue and sea-quarks. Working with available empirical information, we build an algebraic framework that is capable of expressing the principal impact of both classes of corrections. This enables a realistic comparison with experiment which allows us to identify and highlight basic features of measurable pion and kaon valence-quark distributions. We find that whereas roughly two-thirds of the pion's light-front momentum is carried by valence dressed-quarks at a characteristic hadronic scale, this fraction rises to 95% in the kaon; evolving distributions with these features to a scale typical of available Drell-Yan data produces a kaon-to-pion ratio of u-quark distributions that is in agreement with the single existing data set; and predict a u-quark distribution within the pion that agrees with a modern reappraisal of $πN$ Drell-Yan data. Precise new data are essential in order to validate this reappraisal and because a single modest-quality measurement of the kaon-to-pion ratio cannot be considered definitive.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1406.5450
Bible of Anjou by The Illuminators
Creators: name: Crasta, Austine J.
name: Elpers, Sandra
name: Cuypers, Suzanna
name: Van de Mosselaer, Courtney
name: Vourtsi, Agni
name: Bovin, Joachim
name: Li, Ni
name: Liu, Yun
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Anjou Bible, Illuminated Manuscripts, Illuminated Bibles, Bible, Biblical Manuscripts

description: After being hidden away for years, the nearly 700-year-old Anjou Bible is now just a click away from anyone’s reach. However, due to the immense scope of the work, the detailed miniatures that populate the pages of the book are often overlooked. This project for the BiblioTech Hackathon 2023 by team, "The Illuminators," therefore, proposes a new way to interact with this historical artefact.
Automatic LQR Tuning Based on Gaussian Process Global Optimization
Creators: name: Marco, Alonso
name: Hennig, Philipp
name: Bohg, Jeannette
name: Schaal, Stefan
name: Trimpe, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper proposes an automatic controller tuning framework based on linear optimal control combined with Bayesian optimization. With this framework, an initial set of controller gains is automatically improved according to a pre-defined performance objective evaluated from experimental data. The underlying Bayesian optimization algorithm is Entropy Search, which represents the latent objective as a Gaussian process and constructs an explicit belief over the location of the objective minimum. This is used to maximize the information gain from each experimental evaluation. Thus, this framework shall yield improved controllers with fewer evaluations compared to alternative approaches. A seven-degree-of-freedom robot arm balancing an inverted pole is used as the experimental demonstrator. Results of a two- and four-dimensional tuning problems highlight the method's potential for automatic controller tuning on robotic platforms.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, to appear in IEEE 2016 International Conference on Robotics and Automation. Video demonstration of the experiments available at https://am.is.tuebingen.mpg.de/publications/marco_icra_2016
A Free Online Tool for the Simulation of Collective Self-Consumption in Brussels
Creators: name: Sarr, B.
name: Zhao, Z.
name: Leloux, J.
name: Hendrick, P.
name: Robledo Bueno, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2021
Subjects: PV Applications, Integration and Storage
Power Electronics and Electrical Grid Integration

description: 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1335-1340
description: In the past and until now, Belgium mainly had a mechanism in place that rewarded the PV energy production through feed-in tariffs that were attributed with a net annual balance counting. In Belgium, the mechanism of selfconsumption for photovoltaic (PV) installations is projected to become mainstream. This change is going to have an important impact on the PV sector in Belgium. At the moment, there is a demand for a simple simulation tool that makes it possible to simulate the self-consumption ratio and the self-sufficiency ratio of a PV system or a group of PV systems in combination with one local consumption profile or a group of consumption profiles from the same neighborhood, in particular in the context of collective self-consumption. Indeed, combining different consumption profiles from the same neighborhood can significantly improve the self-consumption ratio to reduce the cost of a PV system for the users. A free web application has been provided to the public for such simulation[1].
Open science and conflict of interest policies of medical and health sciences journals before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: A repeat cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Gardener, Antoni D.
name: Hick, Ellen J.
name: Jacklin, Chloe
name: Tan, Gifford
name: Cashin, Aidan G.
name: Lee, Hopin
name: Nunan, David
name: Toomey, Elaine
name: Richards, Georgia C.
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Objectives To audit the transparent and open science standards ofhealth and medical sciences journal policies and explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Design Repeat cross-sectional study. Setting 19 journals listed in Google Scholar’s Top Publications for health and medical sciences. Participants Blood, Cell, Circulation, European Heart Journal, Gastroenterology, Journal of Clinical Oncology, Journal of the American College of Cardiology, Nature Genetics, Nature Medicine, Nature Neuroscience, Neuron, PLoS ONE, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Science Translational Medicine, The British Medical Journal, The Journal of the American Medical Association, The Lancet, The Lancet Oncology, and The New England Journal of Medicine Main outcome measures We used the Transparency and Openness Promotion (TOP) guideline and the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) requirements for disclosing conflicts of interest (COIs) to evaluate journals standards. Results TOP scores slightly improved during the COVID-19 pandemic, from a median of 5 (IQR: 2–12.5) out of a possible 24 points in February 2020 to 7 (IQR: 4–12) in May 2021, but overall, scores were very low at both time points. Journal policies scored highest for their adherence to data transparency and scored lowest for preregistration of study protocols and analysis plans and the submission of replication studies. Most journals fulfilled all ICMJE provisions for reporting COIs before (84%; n = 16) and during (95%; n = 18) the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of practising open science. However, requirements for open science practices in audited policies were overall low, which may impede progress in health and medical research. As key stakeholders in disseminating research, journals should promote a research culture of greater transparency and more robust open science practices.
Optimized Machine Learning Method for PV Power Prediction
Creators: name: Heck, H.
name: Muntwyler, U.
name: Schüpbach, E.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2021
Subjects: PV Applications, Integration and Storage
Energy System Integration

description: 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1341-1345
description: Prediction of PV power is useful to estimate and plan power production, net stability, and own consumption. Input data for the predictions are physical parameters like solar irradiation (horizontal or inclined), temperature (of air and PV module), etc. To identify such input parameters, several methods have been proposed in the open literature. Physical models, statistical models, or a machine learning approach can be used to predict PV power. Here, we developed our own machine learning (ML) algorithm and trained it with AC-power data from our own PV monitoring network in Switzerland. Results are presented on how to optimize our algorithm in view of obtaining a precise prediction for PV power production. Such information is important for owners of PV plants to steer their own production/consumption. Especially own consumption of solar electricity in winter needs to be maximised, as PV will be enforced to successfully implement the Swiss Energy Strategy 2050.
Energy Model for a Rural Region in Germany - Results and Balancing of Electricity Production and Consumption
Creators: name: Bunner, J.
name: Te Heesen, H.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2021
Subjects: PV Applications, Integration and Storage
Energy System Integration

description: 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1346-1349
description: The simulation tool UCB SEnMod was developed and applied to model an energy system for a rural region in Germany (Nationalparkregion Hunsrück-Hochwald, population about 110 000), focusing on the electricity sector coupled with the transport and heat sectors. The hour-based simulations were performed for different years and possible future scenarios up to the year 2050. Various factors were considered for future energy demand, including the increasing heat pump use, the transformation to electromobility in private transport, and demographic change. The electric load for each sector, including electromobility, was modeled using standard load profiles. The model considers electricity generation via wind turbines, PV systems, and bioenergy. Also, battery storage systems are integrated into the energy model. Electricity generation by wind turbines and photovoltaic systems are simulated using long-term local weather data pro-vided by the German Weather Service (DWD). For the addition of renewable energy capacity, various future scenarios are analyzed. The baseline scenario aims to meet the electricity consumption in the region on a balance sheet basis. The energy model is based on a set of modular python scripts. For the renewable energy plants, the nominal power of wind turbines (402 MW) and PV systems (322 MWp) is revealed. A maximum storage capacity is given for the battery storage. The numbers above the arrows show the energy flows. In the analysis, both the degree of selfsufficiency and the self-consumption rate reaches about 66 %.
Optically Enhanced c-Si Solar Cells for Ephemeral Space Applications
Creators: name: Pera, D.M.
name: Costa, I.
name: Serra, F.
name: Guerra, A.
name: Lobato, K.
name: Serra, J.M.
name: Almeida Silva, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2021
Subjects: PV Systems – Modelling, Design, Operation and Performance
Concentrators, PV for Space Applications, and TPV

description: 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1329-1331
description: The market of small-scale space satellites has been growing significantly. Concepts as CubeSats, based on open-hardware platforms became a standard, opening new opportunities for small companies such as technological start-ups. However, prototypes’ associated costs are still an obstacle, mainly due to their power systems. Historically photovoltaic technology was elected as one of the most reliable solutions to power satellites. Multijunction solar cells based on III-V groups elements are the most efficient photovoltaic devices, enabling high energy densities. Reason why they became the standard for spatial applications. Nevertheless, the associated cost of such devices is a hindrance for short-term satellites’ missions. For such applications, the use of more cost-effective technologies as crystalline silicon solar cells should be considered even if their efficiencies are lower. Moreover, the use of advanced light trapping concepts could further enhance the conversion efficiency while reducing solar cell’s thickness and mass. A very effective way to improve light capture in crystalline silicon is surface texturization. Silicon technology has the potential to deliver 70% of energy per unit of area of the best III-V solar cells while reducing the cost by two to three orders of magnitude.
Performance of Photovoltaic - Thermal (PVT) and Photovoltaic (PV) Systems under Various Weather Conditions
Creators: name: Vardanyan, R.R.
name: Dallakyan, V.K.
name: Badalyan, N.K.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2021
Subjects: PV Systems – Modelling, Design, Operation and Performance
Concentrators, PV for Space Applications, and TPV

description: 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1332-1334
description: Solar photovoltaic and thermal hybrid systems have a high potential for producing electricity and thermal energy with increased efficiency of the system. The hybrid system proves to be much more energy-efficient during the warm climate seasons with improved electrical efficiency due to the cooling of solar cells and gained thermal energy due to heat absorbed by the fluid from the solar cells (dual effect). Unfortunately, there is a lack of investigations of PVT systems’ performance during the cold weather conditions. In this work, the performance temperatures of the PVT module and general PV module are experimentally investigated. It is shown that during cold climate seasons, the temperature of the PVT collector can become higher than the temperature of the general PV module due to the decreased convection cooling of PVT in comparison with the PV module. The ambient temperature below which the PVT module is hotter than the PV module is called the “critical”. As a result of this process, the electrical efficiency of the PVT module is becoming smaller than the efficiency of the PV module. This process is called the “reverse” process. To overcome this problem the PVT system must be optimized taking into consideration the weather conditions under which the PVT system is operating.
Suzaku observations of the hard X-ray spectrum of Vela Jr
Creators: name: Takeda, Sawako
name: Bamba, Aya
name: Terada, Yukikatsu
name: Tashiro, Makoto S.
name: Katsuda, Satoru
name: Yamazaki, Ryo
name: Ohira, Yutaka
name: Iwakiri, Wataru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of Suzaku observations of the young supernova remnant, Vela Jr.\ (RX J0852.0$-$4622), which is known to emit synchrotron X-rays, as well as TeV gamma-rays. Utilizing 39 Suzaku mapping observation data from Vela Jr., a significant hard X-ray emission is detected with the hard X-ray detector (HXD) from the north-west TeV-emitting region. The X-ray spectrum is well reproduced by a single power-law model with the photon index of 3.15$^{+1.18}_{-1.14}$ in the 12--22 keV band. Compiling this with the soft X-ray spectrum simultaneously observed with the X-ray imaging spectrometer (XIS) onboard Suzaku, we find that the wide-band X-ray spectrum in the 2--22 keV band is reproduced with a single power-law or concave broken power-law model, which are statistically consistent with each other. Whichever the model of a single or broken power-law is appropriate, clearly the spectrum has no rolloff structure. Applying this result to the method introduced in \citet{yama2014}, we find that one-zone synchrotron model with electron spectrum having a power-law plus exponential cutoff may not be applicable to Vela Jr.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in PASJ
Establishing Sustainable Consumption – How Future Policies Can Channel Consumer Preferences
Creators: name: Henkel, Joshua
name: Schwesinger, Georg
Publisher: name: Universität Bremen
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Future Policy
subject: Microeconomic Policy
subject: Sustainable Consumption
subject: Cultural Evolution
subject: 330

description: This paper relates cultural evolution theory and social learning dynamics to induced preference change in consumption behavior. We argue that the promotion of sustainable consumption via preference change is a cornerstone of future policy and should complement standard regimentations such as regulation for harm reduction in production and the investment in green technologies. The application of cultural evolution mechanisms may act as a key element for implementing future societal acceptance of responsible individual consumption and a trigger for the self-transformation of the economy. We will discuss what kind of policies can be used in future to channel our consumption preferences and build up an economic “presents for the future” scenario that will go beyond existing policy tools. An already established tool in behavioral economics that provides an elegant, cheap and often effective measure to promote green behavior is “green nudging.” However, it comes at the cost of being perceived as paternalistic and non-transparent. In addition, nudging requires the alteration of a very specific choice architecture for every single consumption decision scenario and is therefore limited in its scope of application and – most importantly – long-term effectiveness. Here we offer a more general behavioral approach for future environmental policy. We argue that preference change for consumption can be induced by policy makers using tools drawn from cultural evolution. We develop concrete scenarios for policy makers to induce pro-environmental preferences within consumer populations. We argue that our approach is likely to induce alteration of existing and the establishment of new consumption patterns on a much larger scale than nudging and will be more successful in establishing permanent future effects.
Governance Structures, Cultural Distance, and Socialization Dynamics: Further Challenges for the Modern Corporation
Creators: name: Cordes, Christian
name: Müller, Stephan
name: Schwesinger, Georg
name: Lundan, Sarianna
Publisher: name: Universität Bremen
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cultural Distance
subject: Governance Structure
subject: Corporate Culture
subject: Cultural Evolution
subject: Firm Performance
subject: 330

description: This paper relates cultural distance and governance structures. We suggest a model of cultural evolution that captures the idiosyncratic socialization dynamics taking place in groups of communicating and interacting agents. Based on these processes, cultural distance within and between groups or organizational units develops. Transaction cost theorists associate higher cultural distance with higher transaction costs. Therefore, one problem of economic organization is assessing alternative governance structures in terms of the socialization dynamics they enable that entail different intraorganizational transaction costs. We assume that transaction can be organized within governance structures that allow transaction cost economizing socialization processes.
Experimental Evaluation of Performance Enhancement in a Bifacial PV System by a Highly Reflective Textile Ground Cover
Creators: name: Moschner, J.D.
name: Yordanov, G.H.
name: Dupé, L.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2021
Subjects: PV Systems – Modelling, Design, Operation and Performance
Design and Installation of PV Systems

description: 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1320-1323
description: We have investigated the efficacy of a highly reflective ground cover as a reflector in combination with bifacial PV modules, using a white polymer fabric that has originally been developed for horticultural applications. This study provides an initial assessment of the potential advantage in energy yield, before testing the material on a larger scale. To test the attainable bifacial gain, we installed three identical PV modules on a south-facing rack with different undergrounds and backgrounds: the roof environment as-is, lawn grass, and Magnifield woven textile. In a first test phase, the modules were operated as solitary units in the middle of separate rack segments. In a second phase, they were surrounded by black textile covers, to simulate a realistic shading setting as it would be in a larger installation. We found that the white textile Magnifield provides a strong boost of bifacial gain relative to grass, obtaining an additional 16% in energy yield with solitary modules and 10% in a realistic rack configuration. Use of this white reflective woven textile material can aid substantially in enhancing performance and reducing kWh costs in ground-mounted PV systems of any size.
Disrupsi dan Kanonisasi Sastra
Creators: name: Trianton, Teguh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Disrupsi Sastra
Revolusi 4.0
Kritik Sastra

description: Esai ini membahas fenomena disrupsi dalam bidang sastra. Disrupsi dalam konteks sastra mengakibatkan perubahan yang besar, khususnya pada perkembangan produksi karya sastra, distribusi, dan munculnya sastrawan baru yang milenial. Disrupsi juga berpengaruh pada lentur dan lunturnya ukuran-ukuran estetika seni termasuk sastra. Era ini telah berhasil membaurkan antara sastra serius dan kitch, antara yang kanon dan populer. Seseorang dengan mudah dapat menerbitkan buku sastra tanpa melalui tahap penyuntingan dan kurasi. Dengan biaya yang lebih murah; buku-buku berlabel sastra dapat diproduksi sesuai pesanan. Bahkan jamak terjadi; lantaran ingin disebut sebagai penulis untuk memenuhi kebutuhan angka kredit tertentu, seorang guru mencetak buku sastra dalam jumlah yang amat sangat terbatas. Sehingga buku yang berisi karya sastra tersebut tidak dapat ditemukan di pasaran.
description: Esai ini dipaparkan dalam forum Sarasehan Sastrawan Banyumas pada Selasa, 19 November 2019 di Aula Pendapa Wakil Bupati Banyumas. Acara ini dihelat oleh Dinas Pemuda Olahraga Kebudayaan dan Pariwisata Kabupaten Banyumas. Esai ini juga dimuat pada Rubrik Cakrawala, Tabloid Minggu Pagi, No. 38 Tahun 72, Minggu IV Desember 2019, halaman 07.
Rotating system for four-dimensional transverse rms-emittance measurements
Creators: name: Xiao, C.
name: Maier, M.
name: Du, X. N.
name: Gerhard, P.
name: Groening, L.
name: Mickat, S.
name: Vormann, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Knowledge of the transverse four-dimensional beam rms-parameters is essential for applications that involve lattice elements that couple the two transverse degrees of freedom (planes). Of special interest is the removal of inter-plane correlations to reduce the projected emittances. A dedicated ROtating System for Emittance measurements (ROSE) has been proposed, developed, and successfully commissioned to fully determine the four-dimensional beam matrix. This device has been used at the High Charge injector (HLI) at GSI using a beam line which is composed of a skew quadrupole triplet, a normal quadrupole doublet, and ROSE. Mathematical algorithms, measurements, and results for ion beams of 83Kr13+ at 1.4 MeV/u are reported in this paper.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
Large Size Flexible and Laminated Space Photovoltaic Arrays
Creators: name: Guerin, T.
name: Jamin, C.
name: Voarino, P.
name: Vergnet, D.
name: Zevenbergen, P.
name: Cariou, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2021
Subjects: PV Systems – Modelling, Design, Operation and Performance
Concentrators, PV for Space Applications, and TPV

description: 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1324-1328
description: Space industry is facing a wave of important changes. The booming of space activities comes along with greater PV power requirements for geostationary orbit. With solar electrical propulsion and high throughput satellites, it becomes necessary to increase arrays’ specific power (W/kg) and power density (W/m3). Moving away from standard rigid panels towards foldable / flexible solar arrays is a promising way to meet this mass and volume challenges and thus address this high-power demand. The ALFAMA project [1], [2] - Advanced Lightweight and Flexible Array with Mechanical Architecture – brings innovative solutions by developing thin and foldable solar arrays with low cost fabrication processes such as lamination and printed electronics.
Pattern formation mechanisms in motility mutants of Myxococcus xanthus
Creators: name: Starruss, Joern
name: Peruani, Fernando
name: Jakovljevic, Vladimir
name: Sogaard-Andersen, Lotte
name: Deutsch, Andreas
name: Baer, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Formation of spatial patterns of cells is a recurring theme in biology and often depends on regulated cell motility. Motility of M. xanthus depends on two motility machineries: the S-engine and A-engine. Moving M. xanthus cells can organize into spreading colonies or spore-filled fruiting bodies depending on their nutritional status. To understand these two pattern formation processes and the contributions by the two motility machineries, as well as cell reversal, we analyze spatial self-organization in 3 strains: i) a mutant that moves unidirectionally without reversing by the A-motility system only, ii) a unidirectional mutant that is also equipped with the S-motility system, and iii) the wild-type that, in addition to the two motility systems, reverses its direction of movement. The mutant moving by the A-engine illustrates that collective motion in the form of large moving clusters can arise in gliding bacteria due to steric interactions of the rod-shaped cells, without the need of invoking any biochemical signal regulation. The two-engine strain mutant reveals that the same phenomenon emerges when both motility systems are present, and as long as cells exhibit unidirectional motion only. From the study of these two strains, we conclude that unidirectional cell motion induces the formation of large moving clusters at low and intermediate densities, while it results into vortex formation at very high densities. These findings are consistent with what is known from self-propelled rods which strongly suggests that the combined effect of self-propulsion and volume exclusion interactions is the pattern formation mechanism leading to the observed phenomena. In addition, we learn that when cells reverse, as observed in the wild-type, cells form small but strongly elongated clusters and self-organize into a mesh-like structure at high enough densities.
Dynamic Simulation of the Shading Cast by a Wind Farm on an Adjacent Photovoltaic Plant
Creators: name: Robledo Bueno, J.
name: Leloux, J.
name: Sarr, B.
name: Gueymard, C.A.
name: Darez, P.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2021
Subjects: PV Systems – Modelling, Design, Operation and Performance
Design and Installation of PV Systems

description: 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1307-1312
description: The hybridization of several renewable energy power generation sources is a viable option that can improve the use of available resources and space. However, the coexistence of different technologies, with different requirements for operation, can lead to some challenges. In the case of hybridization between a wind farm and an adjacent solar photovoltaic (PV) power plant, the wind farm can cast dynamic and static shadows on the nearby PV generators. Simple hypotheses are often chosen for their conservative character, but they often turn out to be overly pessimistic and can result in worse results in the project economics. This study evaluates the shading losses impacting a hybrid wind/PV park in a sunny region with a novel advanced 3D shading simulation tool using dynamic visualization based on the power of modern GPUs (Graphic Processor Unit. The application of this method to a case study in a sunny region shows that, as a function of the approximation that is used to model the blades of the wind turbines, the resulting estimated shading losses can be far too pessimistic, or too optimistic. The study also provides guidance on how to assess the possible existing tradeoffs between PV power installation density and shading losses, and how to apply it to the optimization of the layout of the PV plant.
Dynamic and Visual Simulation of Bifacial Energy Gain for Photovoltaic Plants
Creators: name: Robledo Bueno, J.
name: Leloux, J.
name: Sarr, B.
name: Gueymard, C.A.
name: Driesse, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2021
Subjects: PV Systems – Modelling, Design, Operation and Performance
Design and Installation of PV Systems

description: 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1313-1319
description: Several simulation tools have appeared on the market to estimate the bifacial energy gain (BEG) of bifacial photovoltaic (PV) systems. These tools use two main families of methods that provide a quick estimation of the BEG or a detailed analysis of it, but not both. The current study presents an alternative methodology that provides both benefits using image generation techniques used in the video games and performing the computations in the GPU (Graphic Processor Unit) of the computer. The methodology used, as well as some examples of elaborate applications are presented, including interference with complex objects, movable elements (trackers), and intricate reflectance patterns for various reflecting materials characterized by their BRDF (Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function).