cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
New constraints on the observable inflaton potential from WMAP and SDSS
Creators: name: Lesgourgues, Julien
name: Valkenburg, Wessel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive some new constraints on single-field inflation from the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe 3-year data combined with the Sloan Luminous Red Galaxy survey. Our work differs from previous analyses by focusing only on the observable part of the inflaton potential, or in other words, by making absolutely no assumption about extrapolation of the potential from its observable region to its minimum (i.e., about the branch of the potential responsible for the last ~50 inflationary e-folds). We only assume that inflation starts at least a few e-folds before the observable Universe leaves the Hubble radius, and that the inflaton rolls down a monotonic and regular potential, with no sharp features or phase transitions. We Taylor-expand the inflaton potential at order v=2, 3 or 4 in the vicinity of the pivot scale, compute the primordial spectra of scalar and tensor perturbations numerically and fit the data. For v>2, a large fraction of the allowed models is found to produce a large negative running of the scalar tilt, and to fall in a region of parameter space where the second-order slow-roll formalism is strongly inaccurate. We release a code for the computation of inflationary perturbations which is compatible with CosmoMC.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, codes available at http://wwwlapp.in2p3.fr/~lesgourgues/inflation/. Version to be published in Phys.Rev. D
A Grid-free Approach for Simulating Sweep and Cyclic Voltammetry
Creators: name: Coffman, Alec J.
name: Lu, Jianfeng
name: Subotnik, Joseph E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new computational approach to simulate linear sweep and cyclic voltammetry experiments that does not require a discretized grid in space to quantify diffusion. By using a Green's function solution coupled to a standard implicit ordinary differential equation solver, we are able to simulate current and redox species concentrations using only a small grid in time. As a result, where benchmarking is possible, we find that the current method is faster (and quantitatively identical) to established techniques. The present algorithm should help open the door to studying adsorption effects in inner sphere electrochemistry.
Costruire un percorso ItalStudio per le eccellenze alloglotte
Creators: name: Grassi, Roberta
Publisher: name: Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2014

description: A massive experience in immersion (or rather: “submersion”; see Tosi 1995) education is taking place in Italy, involving thousands of “foreigner”, bi- (or multi-)lingual students in Italian schools. Although often born and raised in Italy, their choices regarding higher education dramatically differ from those of their “Italian” colleagues (MIUR-Colombo, Ongini 2014): the great majority avoid high schools (particularly “licei”) in favour of vocational schools. A large-scale scientific study, involving 70 experimental groups and 70 control groups in 5 Italian large cities, tries to impact on those choices by providing, among other measures, a course in “Italian for educational purposes” (or “italiano per lo studio”). The principles and methodology of this course, whose results are currently being evaluated, are presented here for the first time.
description: EL.LE
The nature of the soft X-ray emission in obscured AGN
Creators: name: Bianchi, Stefano
name: Guainazzi, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of the soft X-ray emission in obscured AGN is still largely unknown. However, important progresses have been made thanks to the high energy and spatial resolution of XMM-Newton and Chandra. We review here the latest results on this issue, focusing on the physical properties of the material responsible for the soft X-ray emission and its relation to the circumnuclear environment, putting them in the general context of our understanding of the AGN structure and its feedback to the host galaxy.
description: 8 pages, 12 figures, invited review talk at the Workshop "The multicoloured landscape of compact objects and their explosive origin", Cefalu' (Sicily), 11-24 June 2006, to be published by AIP
Una proposta di adattamento del test Italstudio
Creators: name: Firpo, Elena
Publisher: name: Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2014

description: The purpose of this study is to show how the Italstudio[1] Test was adapted so as to obtain an analytical screening of the prior linguistic competence of native Spanish-speaking students of second generation  attending junior secondary school. Such students possess mixed language skills and require qualitative instruction that is geared towards acquiring academic rather than communicational language proficiency. The test was administered both in Italian and Spanish and the study is intended to explain how the statistical analysis was conducted. The results obtained were evaluated so as to create a bilingual course with the goal of developing Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency (CALP). An additive conceptual framework was applied. The course is intended to develop skills and linguistic proficiency in the areas of comprehension, academic language acquisition, and to improve study-oriented computer skills in the use of Information and Communications Technology (ICT).   [1]  Italian Language Proficiency for Academic Purposes (our translation).
description: EL.LE
Pragmatic strategies and negotiation of meaning in ELF talk
Creators: name: De Bartolo, Anna Maria
Publisher: name: Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2014

description:

The global spread of English and the different forms and shapes that the language has taken in the most diverse settings has contributed, especially in the last decades, to develop a peculiar sociolinguistic phenomenon which has had implications on a wide range of areas; linguis- tic, political, socio-cultural, ideological as well as pedagogical. Speakers from different linguistic and cultural backgrounds have increasingly come into contact on a global scale and have adopted English as a contact language, a lingua franca, in contexts where the language is used for vari- ous communicative purposes. What communicative strategies and discourse practices speakers, belonging to different linguistic backgrounds, use to facilitate the achievement of mutual compre- hension, will be drawn attention to in the present paper. The need to re-examine what it means to learn and teach a global modern language from a different methodological perspective will be highlighted. It is therefore suggested that English as a lingua franca, ELF, needs to be investigated as a field of enquiry which requires empirical analysis, not only from a linguistic perspective, but also from a sociolinguistic one.

description: EL.LE
L’espressione e la percezione delle emozioni vocali in apprendenti di Italiano L2
Creators: name: Paone, Emanuela
name: De Marco, Anna
Publisher: name: Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2014

description: This study explored the expression and the perception of vocal emotions in L2 learners of Italian coming from different countries. We carried out an acoustic analysis of learners’ emotional speech in their L1s and in Italian, to verify to what extent their L1 influenced their productions in L2. To test learners’ ability to decode vocal emotions expressed by natives, we administered a perception test containing emotional stimuli in Italian; to verify the effectiveness of learners’ emotional speech, we administered a perception test to Italian listeners. Results revealed that learners’ productions were influenced by their L1s, consequently Italians experienced difficulties in decoding them. Learners encountered the same difficulties in identifying natives’ emotional speech. Such awareness could be useful for L2 teaching practices.
description: EL.LE
Sideband Transitions and Two-Tone Spectroscopy of a Superconducting Qubit Strongly Coupled to an On-Chip Cavity
Creators: name: Wallraff, A.
name: Schuster, D. I.
name: Blais, A.
name: Gambetta, J. M.
name: Schreier, J.
name: Frunzio, L.
name: Devoret, M. H.
name: Girvin, S. M.
name: Schoelkopf, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sideband transitions are spectroscopically probed in a system consisting of a Cooper pair box strongly but non-resonantly coupled to a superconducting transmission line resonator. When the Cooper pair box is operated at the optimal charge bias point the symmetry of the hamiltonian requires a two photon process to access sidebands. The observed large dispersive ac-Stark shifts in the sideband transitions induced by the strong non-resonant drives agree well with our theoretical predictions. Sideband transitions are important in realizing qubit-photon and qubit-qubit entanglement in the circuit quantum electrodynamics architecture for quantum information processing.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, version with high resolution figures available at http://qudev.ethz.ch/content/science/PubsPapers.html
Calibrating galaxy formation effects in galactic tests of fundamental physics
Creators: name: Bartlett, Deaglan J.
name: Desmond, Harry
name: Ferreira, Pedro G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galactic scale tests have proven to be powerful tools in constraining fundamental physics in previously under-explored regions of parameter space. The astrophysical regime which they probe is inherently complicated, and the inference methods used to make these constraints should be robust to baryonic effects. Previous analyses have assumed simple empirical models for astrophysical noise without detailed calibration or justification. We outline a framework for assessing the reliability of such methods by constructing and testing more advanced baryonic models using cosmological hydrodynamical simulations. As a case study, we use the Horizon-AGN simulation to investigate warping of stellar disks and offsets between gas and stars within galaxies, which are powerful probes of screened fifth forces. We show that the degree of `U'-shaped warping of galaxies is well modelled by Gaussian random noise, but that the magnitude of the gas-star offset is correlated with the virial radius of the host halo. By incorporating this correlation we confirm recent results ruling out astrophysically relevant Hu-Sawicki $f(R)$ gravity, and identify a $\sim 30\%$ systematic uncertainty due to baryonic physics. Such an analysis must be performed case-by-case for future galactic tests of fundamental physics.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Migrazione femminile e bisogni di apprendimento in italiano L2
Creators: name: Cognigni, Edith
Publisher: name: Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2014

description:

The paper discusses the main results of a case study on migrant women learning Italian as a second language and the teaching strategies employed thereof. The study focuses in particular on the linguistic and educational needs of female learners who move to Italy as a re- sult of family reunification. After providing a critical overview of the course structure and teach- ing procedures which are generally implemented in this type of language training, the paper proposes an analysis of adult migrants’ L2 learning needs from a gendered perspective. In light of some critical issues emerging from the case study, a task-based and self-narrative methodo- logical framework is proposed, to try and meet migrant women’s heterogeneous needs.

description: EL.LE
Possibilities of analysis of brightness distributions for components of eclipsing variables from data of space photometry
Creators: name: Bogdanov, M. B.
name: Cherepashchuk, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We carried out numerical experiments on the evaluation of the possibilities of obtaining the information about brightness distributions for the components of eclipsing variables from the data of high-precision photometry expected for planned satellites COROT and Kepler. We examined a simple model of the eclipsing binary with the spherical components on circular orbits and the linear law of the limb darkening. The solutions of light curves have been obtained as by fitting of the nonlinear model, into the number of parameters of which included the limb darkening coefficients, so also by the solution of the ill-posed inverse problem of restoration of brightness distributions across the disks of stars without rigid model constraints on the form of these functions. The obtained estimations show that if the observational accuracy amounts to 0.0001 then the limb darkening coefficients can be found with the relative error approximately 0.01 . The brightness distributions across the disks of components can be restored also nearly with the same accuracy.
description: 12 pages LaTeX, 6 figures, Contributed paper at the All-Russian Astronomical conference "Close Binary Stars in Modern Astrophysics (MARTYNOV-2006)" held in Moscow, Russia May 22 - 24, 2006
Radio absorption in high-mass gamma-ray binaries
Creators: name: Chen, A. M.
name: Guo, Y. D.
name: Yu, Y. W.
name: Takata, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-mass gamma-ray binaries consist of a presumptive pulsar in orbit with a massive star. The intense outflows from the star can absorb radio emission from the pulsar, making the detection of pulsation difficult. In this work, we present the basic geometry and formulae that describe the absorption process of a pulsar in binary with an O/B star and apply our model to two typical and well-studied binaries: PSR~B1259-63/LS~2883 and LS 5039. We investigate the influences of the equatorial disc of LS 2883 with different orientations on the dispersion measure and free-free absorption of the radio pulsation from PSR B1259-63. The observed data are consistent with the disc inserted on the orbital plane with a relatively large inclination angle. For LS 5039, due to its tight orbit, it was believed that the strong wind absorption makes detecting radio emissions from the putative pulsar unlikely. However, considering the wind interaction and orbital motion, a bow shock cavity and a Coriolis shock would be formed, thereby allowing the pulsations to partially avoid stellar outflow absorption. We investigate the dependence of the radio optical depth on the observing frequencies, the orbital inclination angle, and the wind parameters. We suppose that the presumptive pulsar in LS 5039 is similar to PSR B1259-63 with pulsed emission extending to several tens of gigahertz. In that case, there could be a transparent window for radio pulsations when the pulsar is moving around the inferior conjunction. The following deep monitoring of LS 5039 and other systems by radio telescopes at high radio frequencies might reveal the nature of compact objects in the future. Alternatively, even a null detection could still provide further constraints on the properties of the putative pulsar and stellar outflows.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
Weakening connections in heterogeneous mean-field models
Creators: name: Dias, C.
name: Hase, M. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two versions of the susceptible-infected-susceptible epidemic model, which have different transmission rules, are analysed. Both models are considered on a weighted network to simulate a mitigation in the connection between the individuals. The analysis is performed through a heterogeneous mean-field approach on a scale-free network. For a suitable choice of the parameters, both models exhibit a positive infection threshold, when they share the same critical exponents associated with the behaviour of the prevalence against the infection rate. Nevertheless, when the infection threshold vanishes, the prevalence of these models display different algebraic decays to zero for low values of the infection rate.
Thickness dependence of linear and quadratic magneto-optical Kerr effect in ultrathin Fe(001) films
Creators: name: Buchmeier, M.
name: Schreiber, R.
name: Bürgler, D. E.
name: Schneider, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) magnetometry is one of the most widely employed techniques for the characterization of ferromagnetic thin-film samples. Some information, such as coercive fields or anisotropy strengths can be obtained without any knowledge of the optical and magneto-optical (MO) properties of the material. On the other hand, a quantitative analysis, which requires a precise knowledge of the material's index of refraction n and the MO coupling constants K and G is often desirable, for instance for the comparison of samples, which are different with respect to ferromagnetic layer thicknesses, substrates, or capping layers. While the values of the parameters n and the linear MO coupling parameter K reported by different authors usually vary considerably, the relevant quadratic MO coupling parameters G of Fe are completely unknown. Here, we report on measurements of the thickness dependence (0-60nm) of the linear and quadratic MOKE in epitaxial bcc-Fe(001) wedge-type samples performed at a commonly used laser wavelength of 670nm. By fitting the thickness dependence we are able to extract a complete set of parameters n, K, (G11 - G12), and G44 for the quantitative description of the MOKE of bcc-Fe(001). We find sizable different n, K, and G parameters for films thinner than about 10nm as compared to thicker films, which is indicative of a thickness dependence of the electronic properties or of surface contributions to the MOKE. The effect size of the quadratic MOKE is found to be about a third of the record values recently reported for Co2FeSi.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
On a desingularization of the moduli space of noncommutative tori
Creators: name: Nikolaev, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14H52; 46L85

description: It is shown that the moduli space of the noncommutative tori A admits a natural desingularization by the group Ext (A, A). Namely, we prove that the moduli space of pairs (A, Ext (A,A)) is homeomorphic to a punctured two-dimensional sphere. The proof is based on a correspondence (a covariant functor) between the complex and noncommutative tori.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures; to appear Proc. Amer. Math. Soc
Boosting energy-time entanglement using coherent time-delayed feedback
Creators: name: Barkemeyer, Kisa
name: Hohn, Marcel
name: Reitzenstein, Stephan
name: Carmele, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The visibility of the two-photon interference in the Franson interferometer serves as a measure of the energy-time entanglement of the photons. We propose to control the visibility of the interference in the second-order coherence function by implementing a coherent time-delayed feedback mechanism. Simulating the non-Markovian dynamics within the matrix product state framework, we find that the visibility for two photons emitted from a three-level system (3LS) in ladder configuration can be enhanced significantly for a wide range of parameters by slowing down the decay of the upper level of the 3LS.
Steiner's Invariants and Minimal Connections
Creators: name: Ducret, Stephen
name: Troyanov, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 51Kxx

description: The aim of this note is to prove that any compact metric space can be made connected at a minimal cost, where the cost is taken to be the one-dimensional Hausdorff measure.
Questionário M. Swadesh, narrativas, canções
Creators: name: Brandão, Militão
name: Vieira Cândido, Gláucia
name: Brandão, Maria Iraci
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: swo

description: Lado A: do dado 41 ao 167. Lado B: do dado 168 ao 222; 2 relatos sobre a culinária (Sr. Militão); 3 canções (Sra. Iraci).
Geometric invariance of determining and resonating centers: Odd- and any-number limitations of Pyragas control
Creators: name: de Wolff, B.
name: Schneider, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the spirit of the well-known odd-number limitation, we study failure of Pyragas control of periodic orbits and equilibria. Addressing the periodic orbits first, we derive a fundamental observation on the invariance of the geometric multiplicity of the trivial Floquet multiplier. This observation leads to a clear and unifying understanding of the odd-number limitation, both in the autonomous and the non-autonomous setting. Since the presence of the trivial Floquet multiplier governs the possibility of successful stabilization, we refer to this multiplier as the determining center. The geometric invariance of the determining center also leads to a necessary condition on the gain matrix for the control to be successful. In particular, we exclude scalar gains. Application of Pyragas control on equilibria does not only imply a geometric invariance of the determining center, but surprisingly also on centers which resonate with the time delay. Consequently, we formulate odd- and any-number limitations both for real eigenvalues together with arbitrary time delay as well as for complex conjugated eigenvalue pairs together with a resonating time delay. The very general nature of our results allows for various applications.
description: 3 figures
The ’popish midwife’ : printed representations of Elizabeth Cellier and midwifery practice in late seventeeth century England
Creators: name: Evenden, Kirstin Jane
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: This thesis investigates the role of print culture in the re-definition of English midwifery practice during the seventeenth century. The printed representations, both visual and textual, of the Catholic midwife Elizabeth Cellier in The Popish Damnable Plot (BM 1088, 1680), The Solemn Mock Procession (BM 1085, 1680), and The Happy Instruments of England’s Preservation (BM 1114, 1681) will serve as a basis for my analysis. As part of a larger body of Whig imagery produced in London during the Exclusion Crisis of 1679—81, Cellier’s representation consistently referred to her alleged role in a ‘popish plot’ perpetrated by Catholics to kill King Charles II. In defining Cellier as part of a treasonous threat to the nation, this representation not only targeted her supposed involvement in criminal activities, but also focussed on her midwifery as being an integral aspect of her criminality. Licensed by the Church of England since 1534, midwifery practice was exclusively the province of women. Cellier’s representation as a ‘criminal midwife’ occurred at a time when the traditional societal role and organization of midwifery were being questioned. Increasingly, midwives during this period were criticized both by nonconformist groups critical of the Anglican rituals of birth, and by medical practitioners interested in controlling the supervision of childbirth. My aim in this thesis, then, is to explore how Cellier’s representation, while purporting to report a crime quite separate from her profession, would in fact serve to represent midwifery as a potentially criminal and dangerous practice. In Chapter One, I will examine both the political motivations behind her representation, and the conditions in London for the production and distribution of this type of printed imagery. Chapter Two will deal with how the genres representing Cellier were used to construct her as a ‘popish’ threat to English national unity, while addressing nonconformist audiences over the issue of exclusion. Finally, in Chapter Three I will analyze how this criminalized representation of Cellier as ‘popish’ involved and coincided with both nonconformist critiques of Anglican birthing rituals and attempts in medical discourse to transform previous childbirth practices into a written form of ‘professional’ medical knowledge. The overall aim is to show how Cellier’s representation was part of the process whereby traditional midwifery practice in England was re-defined, a process which ultimately resulted in the marginalization of women from midwifery practice.
Can the thermal instability drive turbulence?
Creators: name: Brandenburg, Axel
name: Korpi, Maarit J.
name: Mee, Antony J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermal instability with a piecewise power law cooling function is investigated using one- and three-dimensional simulations with periodic and shearing-periodic boundary conditions in the presence of constant thermal diffusion and kinematic viscosity coefficients. Consistent with earlier findings, the flow behavior depends on the average density, . When $\braρ$ is in the range 1-5 x 10^{-24} g cm^{-3} the system is unstable and segregates into cool and warm phases with temperatures of roughly 100 and 10^4 K, respectively. However, in all cases the resulting average pressure is independent of and just a little above the minimum value. For a constant heating rate of 0.015 erg g^{-1} s^{-1}, the mean pressure is around 24 x 10^{-14} dyn (corresponding to p/k_B ~ K cm^{-3}). Cool patches tend to coalesce into bigger ones. In all cases investigated there is no sustained turbulence, which is in agreement with earlier results. Simulations in which turbulence is driven by a body force show that when rms velocities of between 10 and 30 km/s are obtained, the resulting dissipation rates rates are comparable to the thermal energy input rate. The resulting mean pressures are then about 30 x 10^{-14} dyn, corresponding to p/k_B ~ 2170 K cm^{-3}. This is comparable to the value expected for the Galaxy. Differential rotation tends to make the flow two-dimensional, that is, uniform in the streamwise direction, but this does not lead to instability.
description: 10 pages, 13 figures
Gaussian quantum marginal problem
Creators: name: Eisert, J.
name: Tyc, T.
name: Rudolph, T.
name: Sanders, B. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum marginal problem asks what local spectra are consistent with a given spectrum of a joint state of a composite quantum system. This setting, also referred to as the question of the compatibility of local spectra, has several applications in quantum information theory. Here, we introduce the analogue of this statement for Gaussian states for any number of modes, and solve it in generality, for pure and mixed states, both concerning necessary and sufficient conditions. Formally, our result can be viewed as an analogue of the Sing-Thompson Theorem (respectively Horn's Lemma), characterizing the relationship between main diagonal elements and singular values of a complex matrix: We find necessary and sufficient conditions for vectors (d1, ..., dn) and (c1, ..., cn) to be the symplectic eigenvalues and symplectic main diagonal elements of a strictly positive real matrix, respectively. More physically speaking, this result determines what local temperatures or entropies are consistent with a pure or mixed Gaussian state of several modes. We find that this result implies a solution to the problem of sharing of entanglement in pure Gaussian states and allows for estimating the global entropy of non-Gaussian states based on local measurements. Implications to the actual preparation of multi-mode continuous-variable entangled states are discussed. We compare the findings with the marginal problem for qubits, the solution of which for pure states has a strikingly similar and in fact simple form.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure, material added, references updated, except from figure identical with version to appear in Commun. Math. Phys
A brief review on primordial black holes as dark matter
Creators: name: Villanueva-Domingo, Pablo
name: Mena, Olga
name: Palomares-Ruiz, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Primordial black holes (PBHs) represent a natural candidate for one of the components of the dark matter (DM) in the Universe. In this review, we shall discuss the basics of their formation, abundance and signatures. Some of their characteristic signals are examined, such as the emission of particles due to Hawking evaporation and the accretion of the surrounding matter, effects which could leave an impact in the evolution of the Universe and the formation of structures. The most relevant probes capable of constraining their masses and population are discussed.
description: Invited contribution to the journal "Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences - section Cosmology", within the research topic "When Planck, Einstein and Vera Rubin Meet. Dark Matter: What is it? Where is it?"
Hard X-ray Emission Associated with White Dwarfs. IV. Signs of Accretion from Sub-stellar Companions
Creators: name: Chu, You-Hua
name: Toala, Jesus A.
name: Guerrero, Martin A.
name: Bauer, Florian
name: Bilikova, Jana
name: Gruendl, Robert A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: KPD 0005+5106, with an effective temperature of $\simeq$200,000 K, is one of the hottest white dwarfs (WDs). ROSAT unexpectedly detected "hard" ($\sim$1 keV) X-rays from this apparently single WD. We have obtained Chandra observations that confirm the spatial coincidence of this hard X-ray source with KPD 0005+5106. We have also obtained XMM-Newton observations of KPD 0005+5106, as well as PG 1159$-$035 and WD 0121$-$756, which are also apparently single and whose hard X-rays were detected by ROSAT at 3$σ$-4$σ$ levels. The XMM-Newton spectra of the three WDs show remarkably similar shapes that can be fitted by models including a blackbody component for the stellar photospheric emission, a thermal plasma emission component, and a power-law component. Their X-ray luminosities in the $0.6-3.0$ keV band range from $4\times10^{29}$ to $4\times10^{30}$ erg~s$^{-1}$. The XMM-Newton EPIC-pn soft-band ($0.3-0.5$ keV) lightcurve of KPD 0005+5106 is essentially constant, but the hard-band ($0.6-3.0$ keV) lightcurve shows periodic variations. An analysis of the generalized Lomb-Scargle periodograms for the XMM-Newton and Chandra hard-band lightcurves finds a convincing modulation (false alarm probability of 0.41%) with a period of 4.7$\pm$0.3 hr. Assuming that this period corresponds to a binary orbital period, the Roche radii of three viable types of companion have been calculated: M9V star, T brown dwarf, and Jupiter-like planet. Only the planet has a size larger than its Roche radius, although the M9V star and T brown dwarf may be heated by the WD and inflate past the Roche radius. Thus, all three types of companion may be donors to fuel accretion-powered hard X-ray emission.
description: Accepted for publication for The Astrophysical Journal
Understanding Retail Productivity by Simulating Management Practise
Creators: name: Siebers, Peer-Olaf
name: Aickelin, Uwe
name: Celia, Helen
name: Clegg, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Intelligent agents offer a new and exciting way of understanding the world of work. In this paper we apply agent-based modeling and simulation to investigate a set of problems in a retail context. Specifically, we are working to understand the relationship between human resource management practices and retail productivity. Despite the fact we are working within a relatively novel and complex domain, it is clear that intelligent agents could offer potential for fostering sustainable organizational capabilities in the future. Our research so far has led us to conduct case study work with a top ten UK retailer, collecting data in four departments in two stores. Based on our case study data we have built and tested a first version of a department store simulator. In this paper we will report on the current development of our simulator which includes new features concerning more realistic data on the pattern of footfall during the day and the week, a more differentiated view of customers, and the evolution of customers over time. This allows us to investigate more complex scenarios and to analyze the impact of various management practices.
European Centre for Modern Languages – ECML
Creators: name: Balboni, Paolo
Publisher: name: Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2014

description:

This infosheet deals with the ECML, a Council of Europe institution based in Graz, Austria. In cooperation with the Language Policy Unit of the Council the Centre functions as a catalyst for reform in the teaching and learning of languages. The ECML has been involved in the Threshold Level Project and is the centre were the Common European Framework of Reference and the Language Portfolio were produced.

description: EL.LE
Asynchronism Induces Second Order Phase Transitions in Elementary Cellular Automata
Creators: name: Fatès, Nazim A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cellular automata are widely used to model natural or artificial systems. Classically they are run with perfect synchrony, i.e., the local rule is applied to each cell at each time step. A possible modification of the updating scheme consists in applying the rule with a fixed probability, called the synchrony rate. For some particular rules, varying the synchrony rate continuously produces a qualitative change in the behaviour of the cellular automaton. We investigate the nature of this change of behaviour using Monte-Carlo simulations. We show that this phenomenon is a second-order phase transition, which we characterise more specifically as belonging to the directed percolation or to the parity conservation universality classes studied in statistical physics.
The Motivation of Second/Foreign Language Teachers
Creators: name: Bier, Ada
Publisher: name: Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2014

description:

In order to offer a picture of the construct of language teacher motivation, this paper is subdivided into two main sections. In the first part, the main framework for exploring this specific construct is presented and, considering it as mostly social, insights have been drawn from Atkinson’s sociocognitive approach, from complexity theory and from theories of mediation. In the second part, the teacher’s mind is investigated and the scaffolding for its description is provided by the triadic distinction between cognition, affect and motivation.

description: EL.LE
On a stationary Schr{ö}dinger equation with periodic magnetic potential
Creators: name: Bégout, Pascal
name: Schindler, Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove existence results for a stationary Schr{ö}dinger equation with periodic magnetic potential satisfying a local integrability condition on the whole space using a critical value function.
MOESM8 of Construction and comprehensive analysis of a ceRNA network to reveal potential prognostic biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma
Creators: name: Long, Junyu
name: Bai, Yi
name: Yang, Xiaobo
name: Lin, Jianzhen
name: Yang, Xu
name: Wang, Dongxu
name: He, Li
name: Zheng, Yongchang
name: Zhao, Haitao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 8: Table S8. Seven DElncRNAs were associated with the overall survival of patients with HCC in the meta-GEO HCC cohort.
Weak metrics on Euclidean domains
Creators: name: Papadopoulos, Athanase
name: Troyanov, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30F45; 51M15; 51K99

description: A weak metric on a set is a function that satisfies the axioms of a metric except the symmetry and the separation axioms. In the present paper we introduced a weak metric, called the Apollonian weak metric, on any subset of a Euclidean space which is either bounded or whose boundary is unbounded. We then relate this weak metric to some familiar metrics such as the Poincare metric, the Klein-Hilbert metric, Funk metric, and the part metric which play an important role in classic and recent work on geometric function theory.
Monotonality and chromatic dualism in Richard Strauss’s Salome
Creators: name: Boulay, Jean-Michel
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: This study of Richard Strauss's Salome, one of the most important works of the turn of the century, concentrates on the principles of its dramatic and tonal organization and on the structural and aesthetic problems posed by the coexistence in it of different types of music. In Chapter 1, the three different types of music used in Salome are identified. Then, the technique of chromatic surrounding, which I see as the main principle underlying the tonal organization of the opera, is presented. Chapter 2 looks at the formal and tonal structures of the opera. Its first part is devoted to certain structural aspects of Oscar Wilde's play and Strauss's adaptation of it. The second part presents a complete analysis of the opera's tonal organization. This analysis attempts to show the extreme importance of chromatic surrounding for the large-scale structure of this work. Chapters consists of a detailed analysis of the scene between Salome and Jochanaan from the first part of the opera. This scene is one of the best examples of the first type of chromatic music introduced in Chapter 1. The analyses rely heavily on linear models of tonality, with the adjustments made necessary by the extreme chromaticism of this work. Many analyses also attempt to explain complex structures as transformations of more standard ones. Chapter 4 will look more closely at the relationship between octatonic structures and chromatic harmony in Salome. The discussion concentrates on two major aspects of late-tonal octatonicism: the use of alternative bass tones for the
Lang-Firsov approaches to polaron physics: From variational methods to unbiased quantum Monte Carlo simulations
Creators: name: Hohenadler, Martin
name: von der Linden, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review variational and quantum Monte Carlo approaches based on (extended) Lang-Firsov transformations of the Hamiltonian. Derivations for one, two and many electrons are given, and results for the Holstein polaron, the Holstein-Hubbard bipolaron, and the spinless Holstein model at finite carrier densities are presented.
description: 40 pages, 15 figures, to be published in Polarons in Advanced Materials, Ed. A. S. Alexandrov (Canopus/Springer Publishing, Bristol) (2007); V2: typo in authors list corrected
An attempt to construct dynamical evolution in quantum field theory
Creators: name: Stoyanovsky, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If we develop into perturbation series the evolution operator of the Heisenberg equation in the infinite dimensional Weyl algebra, say, for the $ϕ^4$ model of field theory, then the arising integrals almost coincide with the usual Feynman diagram integrals. This fact leads to some mathematical definitions which, as it seemed to the author, defined dynamical evolution in quantum field theory in a mathematically rigorous way using the Weyl algebra. In fact the constructions of the paper are well defined in perturbation theory only in one-loop (quasiclassical) approximation. A variation of the construction is related with the Bogolyubov $S$-matrix $S(g)$.
description: 5 pages
Arcsecond Scale Kinematic and Chemical Complexity in Cepheus A-East
Creators: name: Brogan, C. L.
name: Chandler, C. J.
name: Hunter, T. R.
name: Shirley, Y. L.
name: Sarma, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from SMA observations of the star forming region Cepheus A-East at ~340 GHz (875 micron) with 0.7'' - 2'' resolution. At least four compact submm continuum sources have been detected, as well as a rich forest of hot core line emission. Two kinematically, chemically, and thermally distinct regions of molecular emission are present in the vicinity of the HW2 thermal jet, both spatially distinct from the submm counterpart to HW2. We propose that this emission is indicative of multiple protostars rather than a massive disk as reported by Patel et al. (2005).
description: 4 pages, Figures 1 and 3 are in color, latex uses emulateapj.sty. Accepted to ApJ Letters. Figures 1 and 3 have been degraded; higher quality figures available at http://www.cv.nrao.edu/~cbrogan/CepA/
Enhancing the yield of high-order harmonics with an array of gas jets
Creators: name: Pirri, Angela
name: Corsi, Chiara
name: Bellini, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the experimental observation of an enhancement in the yield of high-order harmonics using an array of gas jets as the source medium. By comparing the experimental outcome for jet arrays of different spacings with the predicted harmonic intensity in the case of slit sources of equivalent lengths, we clearly show how the periodic modulation of the gas density can improve the harmonic yield. This behavior may attributed to a quasi-phase-matching effect which increases the length of coherent harmonic build-up during propagation by partially counteracting the dephasing induced by free electrons.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Bipartite-uniform hypermaps on the sphere
Creators: name: d'Azevedo, Antonio Breda
name: Duarte, Rui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C10, 05C25, 05C30

description: A hypermap is (hypervertex-) bipartite if its hypervertices can be 2-coloured in such a way that ``neighbouring'' hypervertices have different colours. It is bipartite-uniform if within each of the sets of hypervertices of the same colour, hyperedges and hyperfaces, elements have common valencies. The flags of a bipartite hypermap are naturally 2-coloured by assigning the colour of its adjacent hypervertices. A hypermap is bipartite-regular if the automorphism group acts transitively on each set of coloured flags. If the automorphism group acts transitively on the set of all flags, the hypermap is regular. In this paper we classify the bipartite-uniform hypermaps on the sphere (up to duality). Two constructions of bipartite-uniform hypermaps are given. All bipartite-uniform spherical hypermaps are shown to be constructed in this way. As a by-product we show that every bipartite-uniform hypermap on the sphere is bipartite-regular. We also compute their irregularity group and index, and also their closure cover and covering core.
Lost in space? Relativistic interstellar navigation using an astrometric star catalogue
Creators: name: Bailer-Jones, Coryn A. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exploration of interstellar space will require autonomous navigation systems that do not rely on tracking from the Earth. Here I develop a method to determine the 3D position and 3D velocity of a spacecraft in deep space using a star catalogue. As a spacecraft moves away from the Sun, the observed positions and velocities of the stars will change relative to those in a Earth-based catalogue due to parallax and aberration. By measuring just the angular distances between pairs of stars, and comparing these to the catalogue, we can infer the coordinates of the spacecraft via an iterative forward-modelling process. I perform simulations with existing star catalogues to demonstrate the method and to compute its performance. Using the 20 nearest stars and a modest angular distance measurement accuracy of 1", the position and velocity of a spacecraft light years from the Sun moving at relativistic speeds can be determined to within 3 au and 2 km/s respectively. These accuracies improve linearly with the measurement accuracy, e.g. with angles measured to 1 mas the navigation accuracy is 1000 times better. Performance can also be improved using more stars, or by including onboard measurements of the stars' radial velocities, as these too are affected by the spacecraft's position and motion.
description: Accepted to Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. Minor revisions over previous version, and section 4.3 added
MOESM9 of Construction and comprehensive analysis of a ceRNA network to reveal potential prognostic biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma
Creators: name: Long, Junyu
name: Bai, Yi
name: Yang, Xiaobo
name: Lin, Jianzhen
name: Yang, Xu
name: Wang, Dongxu
name: He, Li
name: Zheng, Yongchang
name: Zhao, Haitao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 9: Table S9. Five DEmRNAs were associated with the overall survival of patients with HCC in the meta-GEO HCC cohort.