cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Decrease of HT chlorogenic acid content in sunflower meal using an enzyme preparation secreted by the white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor
Creators: name: Martinez Beltran, Emerson R
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Engineering, Chemical.

description: This project describes the enzymatic degradation of chlorogenic acid (CGA) in a model system with pure CGA and in a sunflower meal (SFM) system. The effects of several parameters, such as pH, temperature, and substrate, enzyme and sunflower meal concentrations, on the decrease of the CGA concentration were studied. The optimum pH was found to be 4.3 for the model system and 3.4 for the SFM system; the difference in pH was due to the buffering capacity of the meal in the SFM system. The optimum temperature was 45°C for both systems. There is a linear relationship between the enzyme concentration and the initial reaction rate for low enzyme concentrations. That linearity disappears when the enzyme concentration was higher than 1 nkat/mL and 2.2 nkat/mL for the model and SFM systems, respectively. Regarding the effect of the substrate concentration, a saturation with substrate was noticed when its concentration was 0.13 mM. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
Understanding Femtosecond Laser Modification of Bulk Dielectrics
Creators: name: McElcheran, Clare
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Physics, Condensed Matter.
subject: Physics, Optics.

description: The minimum spacing of a plasma waveguide was calculated and applied to the formation of periodic nanocracks. The minimum spacing decreased with decreasing plasma frequency but was found to have limited effect on the spacing of the nanocracks. An extension to a standard Finite-Difference Time-Domain method was created to include nonlinear processes and the dynamic build up of the electron plasma. The ionized area produced in the simulation agrees with experiment. The existence of a self-limited absorption effect on a Gaussian pulse in time was verified in the simulations. The region was elongated along the direction parallel to the polarization of the light. The multiphoton absorption was found to be the main cause of the distinct shape of the damaged area. Plasma dispersion and self-focusing create larger electron densities and a shift in the location of the electron density peak, but did not affect the general shape.
The effects of Ly49 haplotype divergence on natural killer cell function
Creators: name: Patel, Rajen
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Biology, Microbiology.

description: Natural killer (NK) cells target virally infected cells and tumor cells through Ly49 receptors that recognize MHC-I molecules. Different inbred mouse strains possess disparate Ly49 receptor haplotypes, in addition to NK cell activity. C5781/6 mice express less Ly49 receptors than 129S1 mice, but have a more robust NK cell population. We intend to determine if the differences in NK cell activity between these inbred mice strains are due to the differences in Ly49 receptor haplotypes. C578116 mice with the Ly49 gene cluster of 129S1 origin were generated in order to compare 129S1 and 86 Ly49 contribution to NK cell function. These B6-Ly49129 congenic mice were confirmed to express the 129 Ly49 receptor pattern by flow cytometry. NK cell activity was assessed by cytotoxicity assays using a panel of NK-resistant and NK-susceptible tumor cell lines, the ability to clear infection with murine cytomegalovirus (MCMV) as well as the ability to reject MHC-I-deficient splenocytes in vivo. Susceptibility to MCMV infection by congenic mice was similar to 129 mice. However, there was a significant increase in rejection of MHC-I-deficient cells by the congenic mice in comparison to both the 86 and 129 mice. In addition, in vitro tumor cell killing by congenic NK cells was comparable to 86. The current results indicate that expression of an increased number of Ly49 receptors promotes better education of NK cells, which in turn leads to higher rejection of MHC deficient target cells.
Suitability of searching and representing multimedia learning resources in a three-dimensional virtual gaming environment
Creators: name: Rahman, Abu Saleh Md. Mahfujur
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Computer Science.

description: Search engines usually publish search results in web pages that are filled with a certain number of matched records that can be navigated further through successive back and forth operations. While this approach proves to be useful, it fails to show the context and relationship among displayed results. We argue that new and intuitive user interfaces, such as a 3D virtual environment, may provide an alternative to the traditional presentation techniques, especially in a learning environment where learners are looking for multimedia learning resources that match their interests. We propose a 3D car gaming environment as a search metaphor and analyze the suitability of such an approach in terms of user perception, interaction, visual quality, graphics rendering performance and other parameters. Our experiment suggests that the proposed approach not only shows an intuitive way of information visualization but also integrates education and entertainment to serve the vision of Edutainment.
Quinze ans de réformes en Chine : impact sur les perspectives d'émergence de la démocratie.
Creators: name: Normandin, Henri-Paul.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Economics, General.

description: The reforms implemented in China from 1978 to 1995 have had a profound impact at many levels of Chinese society. What about the impact of those reforms on the prospects for democracy? This study specifically examines the impact of reforms on ten factors that can facilitate or obstruct the emergence of democracy in a country. On the one hand, the reforms in China have generated rapid economic growth and brought about improvements in social and economic development. The opening to the outside world has made China more sensitive to external influence. Reforms have plunged the regime into a crisis of legitimacy. These are three factors facilitating the emergence of democracy. On the other hand, reforms have somewhat loosened the State's otherwise tight control over society; the nucleus of a civil society has emerged; the political culture is a little more acquainted with democratic ideas and values, but a capable democratic leadership has yet to arise. The political institutions typical of a Leninist state have remained. The army's influence over politics has not been significantly altered, and certain regional and ethnic-based tensions persist. These factors continue to obstruct the emergence of democracy or, in some cases, may be considered neutral. The study concludes that the reforms implemented from 1978 to 1995 have improved the prospects for the emergence of democracy in China, although, all in all, the perspectives remain weak over the short to medium-term.
Evaluation of control schemes of a binary distillation column.
Creators: name: Fu, Benedict Shang-Jeo.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1965
Subjects: subject: Engineering, Chemical.

description: Utilizing experimental transient data, of a ten-plate pilot plant binary distillation column, reported by Gerster and co-workers (26), various control schemes were investigated by means of analog computer simulations for a 10% step disturbance in feed composition. Employing reflux manipulation to maintain constant overhead product composition, the optimal location of the sensing element was determined. The utility of Rosenbrock's optimum control point policy was also considered. The so-called two-point control exhibits strong interaction between the two control loops. For close control of the overhead product composition, feedforward plus feedback compensation control was found very effective in decreasing the maximum deviation of the controlled variable from the desired value and reducing the time required for the controlled variable to return to its original steady state value.
Effect of a family heart health program on stage of change constructs of exercise and leisure time exercise in family members of patients with heart disease
Creators: name: Kocourek, Jana
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Health Sciences, Public Health.
subject: Health Sciences, Recreation.

description: The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of a family heart health program on stage of change constructs for exercise behaviour and self-reported leisure time exercise in family members of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). One hundred and thirty eight participants were recruited by mailing an invitation to family members of patients with CHD enrolled in a cardiac rehabilitation program. Siblings, offspring and spouses of patients were eligible to participate if they did not have existing CHD or disease equivalent (diabetes, peripheral vascular disease and/or cerebro-vascular disease). Participants completed an individualized coronary risk factor assessment followed by an hour-long stage-matched counseling session with a health educator. Outcomes measures included stage of change constructs for exercise behaviour (readiness to change, decisional balance, processes of change and self-efficacy) as well as self-reported leisure time exercise. Outcomes were assessed at baseline, immediately after the counseling session, and three months later. Complete follow up data was obtained for 73 participants. Data were found to be missing completely at random and complete case analysis was used. Compared to baseline, the proportion of participants in the combined action/maintenance stage increased from 50.7% to 78.1.% at three month follow-up (p = 0.02). Decisional balance was higher at three-month follow-up than at baseline (-1.43 vs. -2.52; p < .0001), and higher at three-month follow-up than at post-intervention (-1.43 vs. -2.43; p < .0001). There was a significant difference in the scores for total processes of change at three-month follow-up (M =3.39, SD =0.59) compared to baseline (M = 3.21, SD =0.62); t (72) = -2.73, p = .008. Participants were using more processes of change at follow-up, including both cognitive and behavioural processes. There were no significant changes in mean self-efficacy between the three time points. There was a significant increase in reported exercise minutes per week at three-month follow-up (M = 268.9 minutes, SD = 262.3) compared to baseline (M = 178.8 minutes, SD = 153.8); t (73) = -2.12, p = .040. Participation in a family heart health program was associated with favourable changes in readiness to change exercise behaviour, decisional balance, use of processes of change, and self-reported leisure time exercise over a three-month follow-up period. The results of the study should be interpreted with caution given limitations with the study design and the self-reported nature of the interventions. Nonetheless, this study has set the stage for a larger, definitive trial of an enhanced family heart health intervention. This trial is now underway at the UOHI.
St Thomas Aquinas and John Haldane on knowledge of material things
Creators: name: Moser, Robbie
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Philosophy.

description: Contemporary philosopher John Haldane advances a version of Thomas Aquinas's well-known doctrine that in knowledge the knower and thing known are somehow one. Haldane calls his version of this claim the "mind-world identity thesis", and it is meant to answer the question of intentionality: how to describe the way thoughts are related to things. In the thesis I engage two specific aspects of Haldane's presentation: (i) his view that a Thomist may defend sensory cognition as an entirely material process, and (ii) his view that "intentional being" is the special criterion of cognition or intelligence. Against these, I argue that any presentation of the "identity thesis" must follow Thomas in (i) holding sensory cognition to involve immateriality, and (ii) recognizing "intentional being" as information at once present in the environment and detectable by knowers. My thesis demonstrates that these two components of Thomas's philosophy of mind are indispensable to any work on the question of intentionality from within Thomas's account, and it offers corrections to a presently influential answer to the question.
Revision of Cyclopsetta and phylogenetic analysis of Cyclopsetta and Syacium (Pleuronectiformes: Paralichthyidae)
Creators: name: Khidir, K. Teresa
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Biology, Zoology.

description: The genus Cyclopsetta Gill, 1889 was reviewed and four species were recognised: C. chittendeni Bean, 1895 and C. fimbriata (Goode and Bean 1886) from the Atlantic coast of North and South America including Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea; C. panamensis (Steindachner 1875) and C. querna (Jordan and Bollman 1890) from the Pacific coast of North and South America. A first cladistic analysis of Cyclopsetta and Syacium was conducted at the species level using morphological data. The result showed that each genus is monophyletic. Cyclopsetta is divided into two subgenera: Cyclopsetta comprises C. chittendeni and C. fimbriata and Azevia comprises C. panamensis and C. querna. Syacium longidorsale is the first species to branch off the ancestor followed, subsequently, by S. ovale, S. gunteri and S. maculiferum. S. latifrons and S. papillosum are sister species which together form a trichotomy with S. guineensis and S. micrurum.
Système de crédit, endettement paysan et développement en milieu rural haïtien
Creators: name: Nicolas, Lucien Venel
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Sociology, Public and Social Welfare.

description: Cette recherche porte sur le système de crédit, l'endettement paysan et le développement dans le milieu rural haïtien. Dans cet univers, l'agriculture demeure avant tout une activité paysanne. Le paysan haïtien doit constamment faire face à des pénuries de toutes sortes, de terre, de capital, de moyens de productions, de crédit. Il est dans l'obligation d'acquérir une rente foncière élevée, de payer une multitude d'impôts directs et indirects et de répondre à des besoins familiaux pressants. En conséquence, il est constamment contraint à avoir recours au crédit. La thèse montre que les organisations traditionnelles d'entraide ne constituent pas, dans leur état présent, une réponse à cette situation, et qu'il en va de même pour le système bancaire formel qui a effectivement toujours exclus les paysans pauvres de ses politiques de crédit. En conséquence, la grande majorité des paysans n'a eu traditionnellement, et ce, jusqu'aujourd'hui, d'autre alternative que de solliciter des prêts usuraires et d'être la proie des prêteurs à gage. L'impact de cet état de fait sur le niveau de vie des paysans et leur possibilité de développement socioéconomique est déterminant. La perspective adoptée dans ce travail est que pour remédier à cette situation malheureuse il est nécessaire de mettre sur pied un système généralisé de micro-crédit en milieu rural. Le modèle proposé est celui de la Banque Grameen de M. Yunus.
Sport policy and multilevel governance: A case study of Ontario and Quebec
Creators: name: Rose, Michelle
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Health Sciences, Recreation.
subject: Recreation.

description: The introduction of the new Canadian Sport Policy in 2002 included Enhanced Interaction as one of its four goals. This study examines how interaction between governments and civil society has evolved from the 1990s to the present to determine how the Canadian Sport Policy has influenced multilevel governance in sport. Using both semi-structured interviews and a document analysis, this study looked at sport policies from the governments of Canada, Quebec and Ontario and the cities of Montreal and Toronto to identify the nature of their interactions with each other and civil society. Using the Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF) to examine these interactions and their effects on policy change, the findings revealed that although multilevel governance was long considered a priority for the success of Canadian sport, it was not until the introduction of the Canadian Sport Policy that interaction on a multilevel was formalized. Recommendations are also offered to further enhance multilevel governance in Canadian sport and improve policy implementation.
Global QoS management for multicasting applications
Creators: name: Zhong, Yu
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Engineering, System Science.

description: In a multicast network of a large number of receivers where transmission resources and end-systems are of high heterogeneity, the receivers require automatically selected heterogeneous QoS stream variants that meet their end-system requirements. In this thesis, we introduce a Receiver Satisfaction Driven (RSD) method that takes into account user preferences stored in user profiles in order to automatically select the stream variants that maximize the overall user satisfaction. In the case of a large number of receivers, the receivers may be partitioned into different user classes according to their bandwidth limit. Each class is allowed to send one or several representative group profiles, depending on the number of users in that group. The source processes the data from the group profiles and determines the optimal QoS parameters for a given number of stream variants. Our simulation results show that the streams variants generated based on representative group profiles give a reasonable satisfaction level for all receivers.
The Potential Impacts of an EU-wide Agricultural Mitigation Target on the Irish Agriculture Sector
Creators: name: Adenaeuer, Lucie
name: Breen, James
name: Witzke, Heinz-Peter
name: Kesting, Monika
name: Hayden, Anne
name: Adenaeuer, Lucie
name: Breen, James
name: Witzke, Heinz-Peter
name: Kesting, Monika
name: Hayden, Anne
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Irish Agriculture
subject: GHG emission
subject: Agricultural GHG mitigation
subject: CAPRI model

description: The recently published Irish Climate Action Plan has outlined the leading role which agriculture will have to take for Ireland in order to achieve national reduction of GHG emissions. The agricultural sector model CAPRI is used to investigate the impact of an EU-wide agricultural mitigation target on the Irish agriculture sector. Three scenarios developed under the JRC-project EcAMPA2, allowing the endogenous implementation of mitigation technologies, will show the possible impact range that such a policy target could have. It can be inferred that the Irish agriculture sector can achieve the set mitigation target by adapting livestock production systems, resulting in efficiency gains and implementing specific mitigation technologies. Without a mitigation target, changes are marginal, and voluntary adoption will rarely take place. Subsidising the implementation of mitigation technologies can buffer the impact that a mitigation target will have on the Irish agriculture sector, while achieving the set reduction.
Body composition, cardiorespiratory and musculoskeletal fitness in obese adolescents aged 14 to 18 years old
Creators: name: Alberga, Angela
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Health Sciences, Public Health.
subject: Biology, Physiology.

description: Background. The short and long term consequences of childhood obesity are widespread, highlighting the necessity of designing effective interventions targeting the specific needs of obese adolescents. Obese children typically score lower on standardized fitness tests compared to their leaner peers. However, few studies have looked at the relationship between musculoskeletal fitness and obesity in adolescents. Sex differences in fitness and adiposity are important considerations that also warrant further investigation. Objectives. (1) To compare the musculoskeletal fitness of obese adolescents in the Healthy Eating Aerobic and Resistance Training in Youth (HEARTY) trial to the norms of the Canadian population in the same age group. A secondary objective was to determine the sex differences in musculoskeletal fitness in the HEARTY study. (2) To determine the sex differences in abdominal adiposity and cardiorespiratory fitness in male and female participants in the HEARTY study. The secondary purpose was to examine the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and fatness in male and female obese adolescents. Methods. (1) 134 female and 45 male participants were included in the analysis. Musculoskeletal fitness was assessed by the Canadian Physical Activity Fitness and Lifestyle Approach guidelines to assess muscular strength, endurance and power. Measures of grip strength, push-ups, curl-ups, sit and reach and vertical jump in the HEARTY study were compared to the Canadian Musculoskeletal norms in their age group. (2) 94 female and 30 male participants were included in the analysis. VO2peak was assessed using a maximal treadmill protocol until exhaustion and abdominal adiposity was quantified by one-single cross-sectional image at L4-L5 by Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Results. (1) Obese adolescents ranked lower on most musculoskeletal fitness tests compared to their non-obese peers. However, obese females had greater grip strength compared to their non-obese female counterparts. Males in the HEARTY study had a higher grip strength and vertical jump whereas females had higher push-up, and sit and reach scores than males in the HEARTY study. (2) HEARTY males had a greater BMI, visceral adipose tissue and higher VO2peak compared to females. There was no difference in abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue between sexes. Conclusions. (1) Male and female obese adolescents have lower musculoskeletal fitness compared to their non-obese peers. Obese males also had a lower overall musculoskeletal fitness ranking compared to obese females in the HEARTY study. (2) Obese male adolescents have greater visceral fat and higher cardiorespiratory fitness than obese females. However, it appears that the negative relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and fatness is similar between male and female obese adolescents.
Associations between the school food environment, student consumption and body mass index of Canadian adolescents
Creators: name: Mâsse, Louise C.
name: De Niet-Fitzgerald, Judith E.
name: Watts, Allison W.
name: Naylor, Patti-Jean
name: Saewyc, Elizabeth Marie
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2015

description: Background: Increasing attention has been paid to the school food environment as a strategy to reduce childhood obesity. The purpose of this study was to examine associations between the school food environment, students’ dietary intake, and obesity in British Columbia (BC), Canada. Methods In 2007/08, principal responses about the school environment (N = 174) were linked to grades 7-12 students (N = 11,385) from corresponding schools, who participated in the BC Adolescent Health Survey. Hierarchical mixed-effect regression analyses examined the association between the school food environment and student’s intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), food consumption, and body mass index. Analyses controlled for school setting, neighborhood education level and student’s age and sex. Results School availability of SSBs was positively associated with moderate (Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.15, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.02-1.30) and high (OR = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.13-1.80) SSB intake as were less healthful school nutrition guidelines for moderate SSB consumers only (OR = 0.65, 95% CI = 0.48-0.88). Availability of SSBs at school and its consumption were positively associated with student obesity (OR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.12-2.01 and OR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.19-2.34, respectively) but not with overweight. In contrast, consumption of less healthful food was positively associated with overweight (OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 1.01-1.06). Conclusions The results of this study provide further evidence to support the important role of schools in shaping adolescents’ dietary habits. Availability and consumption of SSBs, but not less healthful foods, at school were associated with higher adolescent obesity highlighting that other environments also contribute to adolescent obesity.
Space compactor design in BIST with maximal compaction ratio using concepts of strong and weak compatibilities of response data
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Sujoy
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Engineering, Electronics and Electrical.

description: Built-in self-testing (BIST) is a design process that provides the capability of solving many of the problems otherwise encountered in testing today's complex system on a chip circuits. With the increasing number of I/O counts in system on a Chip circuits it is almost impossible to think of BIST with out a space compactor. The fundamental problem with space compactors is error masking or aliasing, which occurs when the signatures from faulty output responses map into fault free signatures resulting reduced test quality. This theses develops a new approach for implementing space-efficient BIST support hardware, extending the well known concepts of conventional switching theory, and of compatibility relation as employed in the minimization of incomplete sequential machines, using Paull-Unger algorithm of finding all the maximal compatibility classes in the design. The theses utilizes mathematical selection criteria of merger of an optimal number of output lines of the MUT to decide on the logic for zero-aliasing, achieving maximal compaction in the design, as is evident from the simulation experiments conducted on ISCAS 85 and ISCAS 89 benchmark circuits.
An on-line digital video library of piano teaching: A case study with five teachers
Creators: name: Brook, Julia
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Music.
subject: Education, Music.
subject: Education, Technology of.

description: Professional development is an integral part of one's career, providing opportunities for growth, reflection, and improving practices. In the field of piano pedagogy, most teachers work independently, often providing instruction from their home, therefore finding appropriate professional development opportunities may be limited by proximity (both in terms of time and physical distance) as well as financial constraints. To meet this need, an on-line digital video library of piano teaching (DVL) was developed and a multiple-case-study methodology was employed to examine the experiences of five piano teachers as they interacted with this tool for four weeks. Findings from this study indicated that viewing the DVL was a beneficial professional development activity, which facilitated teacher learning that could be immediately carried over into their teaching situation resulting in increased student success. Keywords. professional development, piano pedagogy, digital video library, asynchronous distance education
Anodes for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) systems operating in multiple fuel environments: Effects of microstructure and composition
Creators: name: Grgicak, Catherine
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Chemistry, General.

description: This work examined several cermet materials as possible anode materials for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) systems operating in multiple fuel environments. In particular, these materials consisted of two phase M-YSZ (M = Ni, Cu or Co, YSZ = yttria stabilized zirconia) cermets synthesized via the gel-precipitation method. Relations between synthesis conditions and cermet structure/performance dominated the first section of this work. SOFC anode performance was correlated back to original synthesis conditions, whereby dM/dYSZ was controlled via the production of a crystalline intermediate. Electrochemical characterization of Ni- and Co-YSZ anodes in H2 and H2S/H2 fuels was performed and each arc observed in the impedance curves was ascribed to a specific process. The high- and mid-frequency arcs were related to transport and charge transfer processes respectively. Non-traditional relationships between inverse Tafel (Lefat) slopes and temperature were observed. This resulted in a change in charge transfer coefficients with respect to temperature. By evaluating this dependence, a charge transfer coefficient of 1.5 for hydrogen oxidation on Ni-, Co- and NiS-anodes was determined. CoS-anodes resulted in a charge transfer coefficient of 0.2. NiS- and CoS-anodes were stable in sour gas environments and selective towards the electrochemical oxidation of H2 over H2S as suggested by open circuit voltage and mass spectrometry. Cell performances of and CoS-anodes in sour gas environments were stable over a 6 day period and showed no signs of deterioration. However, H 2S was required in the fuel stream to maintain optimal performance of these anodes. Once H2S was removed, the CoS-anodes reverted to Co-YSZ. For CoS-based anodes, optimum cell performance was maintained at a H2S content >1v/v%. Investigations of bimetallic NiCu- and NiCo-anodes were also performed. The addition of Cu to Ni-based anodes resulted in larger metal particle sizes and decreased anode activity for hydrogen oxidation. Small additions of Co to Ni-based anodes showed a marked improvement in hydrogen oxidation activity. The bimetallic anodes were also tested in H2S/CH4 mixtures and showed good activity for all anodes tested over a 15 hour period.
Effects of insurance's absence or presence on maritime liability law with special reference to cargo liability and oil pollution liability regimes: An economic analysis
Creators: name: Billah, Muhammad Masum
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Law.
subject: Political Science, International Law and Relations.

description: The thesis examines how the absence of insurance in the past led to some special maritime liability law principles such as 'general average' (i.e., losses or expenses shared by all the parties to a maritime adventure) and the limitation of shipowners' liability. In the absence of insurance, these principles served the function of insurance mostly for shipowners. As commercial marine insurance is now widely available, these principles have lost their justification and may in fact interfere with the most important goal of liability law i.e., deterrence from negligence. The thesis thus recommends their abolition. The thesis further argues that when insurance is easily available and affordable to the both parties to a liability claim, the main goal of liability law should be deterrence as opposed to compensation. This is exactly the case with the maritime cargo liability claims where both cargo owners and shipowners are invariably insured. As a result, the sole focus of cargo liability law should be and, to a great extent, is deterrence. On the other hand, in the vessel-source oil pollution liability setting, pollution victims are not usually insured. Therefore, oil pollution liability law has to cater both for compensation and deterrence, the two traditional goals of liability law. The final question the thesis addresses is whether the deterrent effect of liability law is affected by the availability of liability insurance. Contrary the popular belief the thesis attempts to prove that the presence of liability insurance is not necessarily a hindrance but can be a complementary force towards the realization of deterrent goal of liability law.
Comparing plan and result in Tibia Plateau fractures: Case analysis
Creators: name: P. Regazzoni
name: A. Fernández
name: T. Nizegorodcew
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: tibia plateau
pre-op planning
joint reduction
knee

description: Preoperative data help to define the problem list of a case and define the treatment plan. Based on the list of problems, usually, different, valid solution options exist. If there are differences between the preoperative plan and the immediate result of surgery difficult questions arise. What does the result teach me for my next surgery of a similar case?
Effect of simvastatin on castration-resistant prostate cancer cells
Creators: name: Kim, Jenny H
name: Cox, Michael E
name: Wasan, Kishor M
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Background: In castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), recent evidence has demonstrated the persistence of the intratumoral androgens. The multi-step androgen synthesis pathway originates from cholesterol, which can be obtained by cells from several major sources including intracellular synthesis through an enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR). The inhibition of this enzyme by the use of statins has been investigated in prostate cancer as a possible therapeutic target for blocking the de novo androgen synthesis resulting in decreased tumor growth. However, the effectiveness of statins in CRPC has not been investigated. Methods: Castration-resistant C4-2 and androgen-sensitive LNCaP cells were treated with Simvastatin for 48 hours. Dose-dependent responses to Simvastatin were analyzed using cell proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. Cellular growth curve was generated using haemocytometer. HMGCR activity was assessed using 14C-acetic acid detected by thin layer chromatography, and the protein expression was quantified using western blot analysis. Intracellular cholesterol and prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Results: Significant decrease in cell viability and growth curve observed at 75 μM of Simvastatin compared to no treatment group in the castration-resistant C4-2 cells. HMGCR activity was significantly decreased up to 50% and 70% at 50 μM and 75 μM of Simvastatin respectively compared to the vehicle control in C4-2 cells. Simvastatin did not affect the protein expression. 80% decrease in the amount of total intracellular cholesterol levels was observed in 75 μM Simvastatin treatment group compared to vehicle control. PSA secretion levels were significantly reduced in the C4-2 cell line at 50 μM and 75 μM of Simvastatin compared to vehicle control. Conclusion: The inhibition of HMGCR via Simvastatin lowered the viability of castration-resistant C4-2 cells. Simvastatin’s ability to limit the endogenous supply of cholesterol contributes to the effects seen in cell viability.
Justice ou amitié? Les fondements aristotéliciens et épicuriens de la communauté
Creators: name: Ranger, Jean-Philippe
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Philosophy.

description: Dans cette thèse, j'ai confronté la cité et la communauté d'amis pour analyser la relation entre le bien individuel et le bien commun au sein de chacune. À partir des philosophies d'Aristote et d'Épicure, j'ai montré que la vie philosophique au sein d'une communauté fondée sur l'amitié permet de dissiper la tension entre la fin de l'éthique (le bien individuel) et celle de la philosophie politique (le bien commun). Au premier chapitre, j'ai montré que la vie philosophique selon Aristote et Épicure exclut l'activité politique, suggérant ainsi que les conceptions aristotéliciennes et épicuriennes du bonheur sont individuelles. Au second chapitre, j'ai analysé la thèse de la nature politique de l'être humain. L'être humain selon Aristote doit vivre en cité pour être heureux. Certains fragments Épicuriens suggèrent que l'être humain est naturellement social et qu'il ne peut pas vivre une vie heureuse sans amis. La cité fait l'objet du troisième chapitre. La fin de celle-ci est l'élément capital sur lequel Aristote et Épicure sont en désaccord. Alors que pour Aristote, une cité naturelle vise le bonheur, pour Épicure toute cité, née d'une convention, vise la securité de ses membres. Au quatrième chapitre, j'ai montré que la communauté d'amis parfaits d'Aristote et la communauté de sages selon Épicure visent aussi le bonheur de leurs membres. Au cours du cinquième chapitre, en montrant comment la communauté d'amis est fondée sur une recherche commune de la vérité par l'activité philosophique, j'ai défendu la thèse selon laquelle l'appartenance à la communauté d'amis-philosophes permet de dépasser la tension entre le bien individuel et le bien commun. Cette thèse comporte trois conséquences au niveau historique et au niveau philosophique. Eu egard aux études aristotéliciennes, j'ai montré que le bonheur du philosophe, la plus haute forme de bonheur, se vit en communauté. Eu égard à Épicure, j'ai montré qu'il ne prescrit pas une conception strictement égoïste du bonheur. D'un point de vue philosophique, ma thèse suggère qu'entre un bonheur civique et un bonheur individualiste, il existe un moyen terme: une vie bonne et juste au sein d'une communauté philosophique fondée sur l'amitié, ou les fins de l'éthique et de la philosophie politique sont réconciliées.
The impact of protecting EU Geographical Indications in trade agreements
Creators: name: Huysmans, Martijn
name: Curzi, Daniele
name: Huysmans, Martijn
name: Curzi, Daniele
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Trade agreements
subject: Geographical Indications
subject: Intellectual Property
subject: EU

description: To protect distinctive regional foods, the European Union (EU) has a legal scheme covering over 1,000 Geographical Indications (GIs) for food items such as Parma ham and Gouda Holland. Using Eurostat Comext export data 2004-2018 for cheeses at the CN8 level, this paper tests whether past protection of GIs through 11 Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) has increased trade in them. The answer matters for trade policy, since the protection of at least some GIs has been a red line in EU FTA negotiations. The analysis is set in a standard gravity-model framework, using a pseudo-Poisson maximum likelihood (PPML) approach to account for the issue of zero-trade flows. We find that legal protection of GIs in FTAs does not significantly increase trade in them. Our main suggested policy implication is that the EU should focus on external promotion of its GIs rather than asking trading partners for stronger legal protection.
Supplemental Material for Zeitler, Ross-Ibarra, and Stetter, 2020
Creators: name: Zeitler, Leo
name: Ross-Ibarra, Jeffrey
name: Stetter, Markus
Publisher: name: GSA Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60411 Population, Ecological and Evolutionary Genetics

description: Supplementary figures and tables for Zeitler, Ross-Ibarra and Stetter - Selective loss of diversity in doubled-haploid lines from European maize landraces
Girl powerboy power: Positive sexual health outcomes and the gendered dynamics of power in adolescent heterosexual relationships
Creators: name: Doull, Marion
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Health Sciences, Public Health.

description: Power, how it is defined, embodied and expressed by individuals is central to how those individuals will behave in and perceive their relationships. This dissertation is based on a study focusing on the issues of power and positive sexual health outcomes within adolescent heterosexual relationships from a Population Health perspective that attends to selected social determinants of health. Specifically, this dissertation examines how power is conceptualized, understood and measured in the context of adolescent heterosexual relationships and how power influences the outcomes of these relationships. An explicit concentration is placed on positive outcomes while maintaining a consideration of negative outcomes as key factors in the achievement of sexual health for adolescents. Both qualitative interviews and a quantitative cross-sectional survey were used to explore these issues with a convenience sample of self-defined heterosexual youth between the ages of 14 and 20 who primarily self-identified as Caucasian. Results show that power is overwhelming conceptualized as negative, with some adolescents denying that they have or exercise power. The embodiment of power is perceived to be gendered. 'Powerful girls' are critiqued in a way that 'powerful guys' are not. Young men and women described expressing power in their relationships in generally positive fashions. A minority of young men described expressing power in dominant ways while a minority of young women described using their sexuality as a means of expressing power. The quantitative measurement of relationship power as measured by a modified version of the Sexual Relationship Power scale (Pulerwitz, Gortmaker, & Delong, 2000) revealed lower scores for young men as compared to young women. Regression analyses revealed that for both males and females and experience of physical or verbal violence from a partner in the past year was negatively associated with scores on the SRPS and communication within the most recent relationship was positively associated with scores on the SRPS. High rates of positive sexual health outcomes such as, sexual self-efficacy, satisfaction, sexual assertiveness and communication were seen. Findings, as well as limitations of this study, point to the need for more research on issues of power, equity, gender and positive sexual health outcomes.
Climatic influences on the evolution and diversity of regional species assemblages
Creators: name: Algar, Adam C
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Biology, Ecology.
subject: Biology, Evolution and Development.

description: It has long been recognized that climate can influence the diversity and dynamics of communities and regional assemblages. Within this thesis, I ask three questions: (1) which processes are most important in mediating climate-species richness relationships; (2) are predictions of spatial climate-richness models temporally consistent, and (3) is local community structure determined primarily by regional or local processes. Metabolic theory proposes that climate-richness relationships arise due to the temperature dependence of metabolic rate. I tested the theory's predictions for six taxa in North America. Contrary to the theory's predictions, temperature-richness relationships were curvilinear and their slopes deviated from the predicted value. This suggests that the mechanism proposed by metabolic theory does not underlie climate-richness relationships. If climate determines species richness, then climate should predict how species richness will change over time. To test this, I compared alternative methods (regression and niche modelling) of forecasting shifts in species richness given global climate change. Models were trained on butterfly richness data from the early 20th century and their predictions were compared to observed changes throughout the 20th century. Overall, regression-based approaches that incorporated spatial autocorrelation outperformed other methods. Broad-scale richness gradients could arise from climatic niche conservatism. I tested this hypothesis for treefrogs (Hylidae) by combining data on species' distributions and phylogeny. I found that while niches were conserved with respect to cold tolerance, species richness was determined by precipitation, not temperature. This suggests that the processes determining regional species composition and richness are controlled by fundamentally different climatic components. I evaluated the relative importance of regional and local processes and how there were affected by climatic gradients by examining patterns of body size dispersion at local and regional scales for hylid frogs. On average, communities were over-dispersed, but there was no increased signature of competition in the tropics. Dispersion of regional assemblages decreased in cold areas, but this was not due to an elevated tropical rate of body size evolution. Overall, regional processes explained twice as much variance in body size dispersion than did local processes. This thesis rejected several hypotheses for the link between climate and macroevolutionary patterns. In doing so, it provided new insight to the role of ecological and evolutionary processes along broad-climatic gradients.
Development of a novel method for the rapid concentration and detection of norovirus and hepatitis A virus in foods
Creators: name: Plante-Driscoll, Michelle L
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agriculture, Food Science and Technology.
subject: Biology, Microbiology.
subject: Biology, Virology.

description: Noroviruses (NoV) and Hepatitis A viruses (HAV) are the most commonly implicated viruses in foodborne disease. Their transmission is mainly via the fecal-oral route and distribution of contaminated foods has lead to large outbreaks. Thus, it is crucial that contaminated foods be identified promptly. Detection by cell culture is not possible for these viruses so that researchers rely on the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Prior to detection, however, viruses must be isolated from foods and, as of yet, no one method has been found applicable to a large variety of food matrices. Problems with existing methods include, but are not limited to, the co-extraction of inhibitory molecules and lack of sensitivity. In addition, they are labour-intensive and time consuming. Therefore, the aims of this research project were to develop a novel methodology for the rapid and sensitive isolation and detection of NoV and HAV from select food matrices. In the first part of these studies, TRIzolRTM reagent and the RT-PCR were used to isolate and detect feline calicivirus (FCV) (a norovirus surrogate) from select artificially-inoculated foods. However, the co-extraction of PCR inhibitors resulted in false-negative results. RNA purification methods were then compared prior to detection and Oligo d (T) beads provided for the best sensitivity. However, virus capture was not sufficiently sensitive to be applied to outbreak situations. In the second part of this thesis, the Pathatrix(TM) system was applied to the isolation of HAV and NoV from a variety of foods with the use of positively-charged (cationic) magnetic beads. The use of the Pathatrix(TM) machinery has led to success in detecting a wide range of bacteria from various food matrices, and we were the first to report on its use for the concentration of viruses. When combined with the RT-PCR for detection, the Pathatrix(TM) system was able to detect HAV from inoculated foods at levels typically found in outbreak situations. Though results were not as sensitive with NoV-inoculated foods, the methodology was successful at detecting NoV in outbreak food samples. Furthermore, the cationic beads used in the Pathatrix(TM) system were able to simultaneously isolate two contaminating viruses from food samples. Therefore, the Pathatrix(TM) methodology reported herein is a very sensitive and rapid method that holds promise for the isolation and detection of HAV and NoV in outbreak situations.