cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Systematic All-Orders Method to Eliminate Renormalization-Scale and Scheme Ambiguities in PQCD
Creators: name: Mojaza, Matin
name: Brodsky, Stanley J.
name: Wu, Xing-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a generalization of the conventional renormalization schemes used in dimensional regularization, which illuminates the renormalization scheme and scale ambiguities of pQCD predictions, exposes the general pattern of nonconformal {β_i}-terms, and reveals a special degeneracy of the terms in the perturbative coefficients. It allows us to systematically determine the argument of the running coupling order by order in pQCD in a form which can be readily automatized. The new method satisfies all of the principles of the renormalization group and eliminates an unnecessary source of systematic error.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, revised to match the published version
The general propagator for S-wave threshold states
Creators: name: Xu, Hongge
name: Yu, Ning
name: Zhang, Zuman
name: Chen, Guoying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the propagator, derived from an Effective Field Theory (EFT) that incorporates Weinberger's compositeness theorem, provides a more general formula for describing S-wave near-threshold states. By fitting the lineshape using this propagator, we can extract the $Z$ factor for these states and elucidate their structures.
description: 17pages, the charged channel of the X(3872) added
Growth kinetics of circular liquid domains on vesicles by diffusion-controlled coalescence
Creators: name: Seki, Kazuhiko
name: Komura, Shigeyuki
name: Ramachandran, Sanoop
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent experiments on multi-component membranes, the growth kinetics of domains on vesicles is theoretically studied. It is known that the steady-state rate of coalescence cannot be obtained by taking the long-time limit of the coalescence rate when the membrane is regarded as an infinite two-dimensional (2D) system. The steady-state rate of coalescence is obtained by explicitly taking into account the spherical vesicle shape. Using the expression of the 2D diffusion coefficient obtained in the limit of small domain size, an analytical expression for the domain growth kinetics is obtained when the circular shape is always maintained. For large domains, the growth kinetics is discussed by investigating the size dependence of the coalescence rate using the expression for the diffusion coefficient of arbitrary domain size.
description: 16pages, 3 figures
Tantalum airbridges for scalable superconducting quantum processors
Creators: name: Bu, Kunliang
name: Huai, Sainan
name: Zhang, Zhenxing
name: Li, Dengfeng
name: Li, Yuan
name: Hu, Jingjing
name: Yang, Xiaopei
name: Dai, Maochun
name: Cai, Tianqi
name: Zheng, Yi-Cong
name: Zhang, Shengyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The unique property of tantalum (Ta), particularly its long coherent lifetime in superconducting qubits and its exceptional resistance to both acid and alkali, makes it promising for superconducting quantum processors. It is a notable advantage to achieve high-performance quantum processors with neat and unified fabrication of all circuit elements, including coplanar waveguides (CPW), qubits, and airbridges, on the tantalum film-based platform. Here, we propose a reliable tantalum airbridges with separate or fully-capped structure fabricated via a novel lift-off method, where a barrier layer with aluminium (Al) film is first introduced to separate two layers of photoresist and then etched away before the deposition of tantalum film, followed by cleaning with piranha solution to remove the residual photoresist on the chip. We characterize such tantalum airbridges as the control line jumpers, the ground plane crossovers and even coupling elements. They exhibit excellent connectivity, minimal capacitive loss, effectively suppress microwave and flux crosstalk and offer high freedom of coupling. Besides, by presenting a surface-13 tunable coupling superconducting quantum processor with median $T_1$ reaching above 100 $μ$s, the overall adaptability of tantalum airbridges is verified. The median single-qubit gate fidelity shows a tiny decrease from about 99.95% for the isolated Randomized Benchmarking to 99.94% for the simultaneous one. This fabrication method, compatible with all known superconducting materials, requires mild conditions of film deposition compared with the commonly used etching and grayscale lithography. Meanwhile, the experimental achievement of non-local coupling with controlled-Z (CZ) gate fidelity exceeding 99.2% may further facilitate qLDPC codes, laying a foundation for scalable quantum computation and quantum error correction with entirely tantalum elements.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures
Thermally assisted current-induced magnetization reversal in SrRuO3
Creators: name: Shperber, Yishai
name: Sinwani, Omer
name: Naftalis, Netanel
name: Bedau, Daniel
name: Reiner, James W.
name: Klein, Lior
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We inject a sequence of 1 ms current pulses into uniformly magnetized patterns of the itinerant ferromagnet SrRuO3 until a magnetization reversal is detected. We detect the effective temperature during the pulse and find that the cumulative pulse time required to induce magnetization reversal depends exponentially on 1/T. In addition, we find that the cumulative pulse time also depends exponentially on the current amplitude. These observations indicate current-induced magnetization reversal assisted by thermal fluctuations.
Prematurely delivering mothers show reductions of Lachnospiraceae in their gut microbiomes
Creators: name: Ruyang
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2022
Subjects: Genome sequencing
Multispecies

description: This study analyzed the taxonomic composition and metabolic function in gut microbial communities between preterm mothers and term mothers, coupled with shotgun metagenomic analysis on 80 gut microbiotas of 44 mothers.
Mesons in large-N QCD
Creators: name: Bali, Gunnar S.
name: Bursa, Francis
name: Castagnini, Luca
name: Collins, Sara
name: Del Debbio, Luigi
name: Lucini, Biagio
name: Panero, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a systematic, first-principles study of the spectrum and decay constants of mesons for different numbers of color charges N, via lattice computations. We restrict our attention to states in the non-zero isospin sector, evaluating the masses associated with the ground-state and first excitation in the pseudoscalar, vector, scalar, and axial vector channels. Our results are based on a new set of simulations of four dimensional SU(N) Yang-Mills theories with the number of colors ranging from N=2 to N=17; the spectra and the decay constants are computed in the quenched approximation (which becomes exact in the 't Hooft limit) using Wilson fermions. After discussing the extrapolations to the chiral and large-N limits, we present a comparison of our results to some of the numerical computations and analytical predictions available in the literature - including, in particular, those from holographic computations.
description: 50 pages, 39 figures
Integral methods applied to a compressible boundary layer on an insulated flat plate parallel to the wind
Creators: name: Kirkwood, Thomas Frederick
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1947
Subjects: Aeronautical Engineering
Aeronautics

description: The effect of compressibility upon the boundary layer thickness and wall shearing stress on an insulated flat plate parallel to the wind is investigated. Integral methods are used to investigate both laminar and turbulent boundary layers.

In order to simplify the calculations, only the limiting cases of small Mach numbers and very large Mach numbers are investigated in the laminar case. In the turbulent case only small Mach numbers are considered due to the present lack of understanding of supersonic turbulence.

It is found that in the subsonic laminar boundary layer, the wall shear stress is approximately independent of Mach number while the boundary layer thickness increases with Mach number. For large Mach numbers in the laminar case it is found that the wall shear stress is proportional to M[subscript o, superscript -.24] and the boundary layer thickness to M[subscript o, superscript 1.76].

In the turbulent case, where only small Mach numbers are investigated, both the shear stress end boundary layer thickness are found to decrease with Mach number.
Search for heavy resonances in the W/Z-tagged dijet mass spectrum in pp collisions at 7 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search has been made for massive resonances decaying into a quark and a vector boson, qW or qZ, or a pair of vector bosons, WW, WZ, or ZZ, where each vector boson decays to hadronic final states. This search is based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 inverse femtobarns of proton-proton collisions collected in the CMS experiment at the LHC in 2011 at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. For sufficiently heavy resonances the decay products of each vector boson are merged into a single jet, and the event effectively has a dijet topology. The background from QCD dijet events is reduced using recently developed techniques that resolve jet substructure. A 95% CL lower limit is set on the mass of excited quark resonances decaying into qW (qZ) at 2.38 TeV (2.15 TeV) and upper limits on the cross section for resonances decaying to qW, qZ, WW, WZ, or ZZ final states.
description: Replaced with published version
Benchmarking of available flexibility management tools for REII
Creators: name: Rouanet, Arnaud
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Energy and materials flexibility
Energy management
Sustainable planning
Energy efficiency
Waste heat recovery
Valorisation
Monitoring systems
Energy intensive industry
Energy and resource flexibility in highly energy intensive industries

description: As part of the BAMBOO project objectives, a holistic Decision Support System tool will be developed that will allow valorization of industrial flexibility such as waste streams recycling, fuel switching or electrical load shifting. The DSS tool shall gather energy market scenarios, material flows characterization, waste heat flows assessment, fuel and raw material prices forecast, investment recommendations as well as plant scheduling and planning, in a cross-sectorial solution.
 In order to make the most out of this development and integrate innovative features, an initial benchmarking analysis has been performed of selected existing commercial tools allowing to valorize an industrial site flexibility. Initially, a broad gathering of potentially relevant tools has been made from web research and knowledge sharing with the project consortium partners. From these many tools, the most relevant ones were selected considering the objectives of BAMBOO DSS tool. Three solutions were selected at that stage for further analysis: N-SIDE Enertop (which is the basis upon which BAMBOO DSS tool will be developed), ABB cpmPlus Energy Manager and Artelys Crystal Industry.
 For each of these tools, an analysis of functionalities and features was performed based on publicly available information, as detailed as possible considering the limitation of information. These analyses served as basis for a benchmarking of these tools’ features, comparing N-SIDE Enertop to the other two platforms. From this comparison, the most innovative and relevant features to be added to Enertop in the development of BAMBOO DSS tool were identified: direct data connection, dashboards and flexible timescales, amongst other examples.
Exactness of the mean-field dynamics in optical cavity systems
Creators: name: Mori, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Validity of the mean-field approach to open system dynamics in the optical cavity system is examined. It is rigorously shown that the mean-field approach is justified in the thermodynamic limit. The result is applicable to nonequilibrium situations, e.g. the thermal reservoirs may have different temperatures, and the system may be subject to a time-dependent external field. The result of this work will lead to further studies on macroscopic open quantum systems.
description: 29 pages, Published in J. Stat. Mech., the title is changed
Thunderstorm Observations by Air-Shower Radio Antenna Arrays
Creators: name: Apel, W. D.
name: Arteaga, J. C.
name: Bähren, L.
name: Bekk, K.
name: Bertaina, M.
name: Biermann, P. L.
name: Blümer, J.
name: Bozdog, H.
name: Brancus, I. M.
name: Buchholz, P.
name: Buitink, S.
name: Cantoni, E.
name: Chiavassa, A.
name: Daumiller, K.
name: de Souza, V.
name: Doll, P.
name: Ender, M.
name: Engel, R.
name: Falcke, H.
name: Finger, M.
name: Fuhrmann, D.
name: Gemmeke, H.
name: Grupen, C.
name: Haungs, A.
name: Heck, D.
name: Hörandel, J. R.
name: Horneffer, A.
name: Huber, D.
name: Huege, T.
name: Isar, P. G.
name: Kampert, K. -H.
name: Kang, D.
name: Krömer, O.
name: Kuijpers, J.
name: Link, K.
name: Luczak, P.
name: Ludwig, M.
name: Mathes, H. J.
name: Melissas, M.
name: Morello, C.
name: Nehls, S.
name: Oehlschläger, J.
name: Palmieri, N.
name: Pierog, T.
name: Rautenberg, J.
name: Rebel, H.
name: Roth, M.
name: Rühle, C.
name: Saftoiu, A.
name: Schieler, H.
name: Schmidt, A.
name: Schröder, F. G.
name: Sima, O.
name: Toma, G.
name: Trinchero, G. C.
name: Weindl, A.
name: Wochele, J.
name: Wommer, M.
name: Zabierowski, J.
name: Zensus, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relativistic, charged particles present in extensive air showers lead to a coherent emission of radio pulses which are measured to identify the shower initiating high-energy cosmic rays. Especially during thunderstorms, there are additional strong electric fields in the atmosphere, which can lead to further multiplication and acceleration of the charged particles and thus have influence on the form and strength of the radio emission. For a reliable energy reconstruction of the primary cosmic ray by means of the measured radio signal it is very important to understand how electric fields affect the radio emission. In addition, lightning strikes are a prominent source of broadband radio emissions that are visible over very long distances. This, on the one hand, causes difficulties in the detection of the much lower signal of the air shower. On the other hand the recorded signals can be used to study features of the lightning development. The detection of cosmic rays via the radio emission and the influence of strong electric fields on this detection technique is investigated with the LOPES experiment in Karlsruhe, Germany. The important question if a lightning is initiated by the high electron density given at the maximum of a high-energy cosmic-ray air shower is also investigated, but could not be answered by LOPES. But, these investigations exhibit the capabilities of EAS radio antenna arrays for lightning studies. We report about the studies of LOPES measured radio signals of air showers taken during thunderstorms and give a short outlook to new measurements dedicated to search for correlations of lightning and cosmic rays.
Flavour models for TM1 lepton mixing
Creators: name: Varzielas, Ivo de Medeiros
name: Lavoura, Luís
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a framework for lepton flavour models such that the first column of the lepton mixing matrix is (2,-1,-1)/sqrt(6). We show that the flavour symmetry group adequate for this purpose is S4. Our models are based on a vacuum alignment that can be obtained in a supersymmetric framework.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures. v2: references added. v3: accepted by J. Phys. G
Vandermonde-subspace Frequency Division Multiplexing for Two-Tiered Cognitive Radio Networks
Creators: name: Cardoso, Leonardo S.
name: Kobayashi, Mari
name: Cavalcanti, Francisco Rodrigo P.
name: Debbah, Mérouane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Vandermonde-subspace frequency division multiplexing (VFDM) is an overlay spectrum sharing technique for cognitive radio. VFDM makes use of a precoder based on a Vandermonde structure to transmit information over a secondary system, while keeping an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)-based primary system interference-free. To do so, VFDM exploits frequency selectivity and the use of cyclic prefixes by the primary system. Herein, a global view of VFDM is presented, including also practical aspects such as linear receivers and the impact of channel estimation. We show that VFDM provides a spectral efficiency increase of up to 1 bps/Hz over cognitive radio systems based on unused band detection. We also present some key design parameters for its future implementation and a feasible channel estimation protocol. Finally we show that, even when some of the theoretical assumptions are relaxed, VFDM provides non-negligible rates while protecting the primary system.
description: 9 pages, accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Communications
Investor-State Dispute Prevention: A Critical Reflection
Creators: name: Johnson, Lise
name: Sachs, Lisa E.
name: Merrill, Ella Nora
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Investments
Dispute resolution (Law)
Investments, Foreign

description: Especially as treaty-based investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS) claims rise, governments have been increasingly adopting dispute prevention approaches or mechanisms to avoid such claims. This paper identifies two basic approaches used by governments to avoid disputes -- described as ISDS-minimizing and ISDS-elevating approaches -- and evaluates the possible costs and benefits of each. ISDS-minimizing approaches minimize the risk and impact of ISDS claims by reducing the scope of such claims in favor of domestic and other technical means of resolving disputes. ISDS-elevating approaches give certain actors within government greater authority to address investor concerns, thereby increasing the power of ISDS for claimants and the leverage of foreign investors over policymakers. The paper discusses the possible advantages and disadvantages of the two divergent approaches for different stakeholders, and also identifies how some currently used metrics can be misleading or incomplete. The paper concludes with suggestions for rethinking dispute-avoidance strategies by clearly defining a country’s objectives, as well as taking into account public policy considerations that may help to avoid unintended consequences arising from efforts to minimize the costs of ISDS disputes.
“I believe in faking”: The Dilemma of Photographic Realism at the Dawn of Photojournalism
Creators: name: Tucher, Andrea Jean
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Photojournalism
Photojournalism--Moral and ethical aspects
Journalism

description: In the decades straddling the year 1900, a vigorous debate carried out in the trade and popular press over the propriety and consequences of manipulating and "faking" images helped to mark the boundaries of the emerging profession of photojournalism.
Parental Migration and Children's Psychological and Cognitive Development in China: Differences and Mediating Mechanisms
Creators: name: Lu, Yao
name: Yeung, Wei-Jun Jean
name: Treiman, Donald J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Migration, Internal
Migration, Internal--Social aspects
Children of internal migrants
Rural children--Social conditions
Child development

description: Internal migration has resulted in a large number of left-behind children in China. Despite growing attention to this population, important gaps remain in our understanding of their cognitive development and the factors that mediate the impact of migration on children. The present study draws on a new nationally representative survey of Chinese children to study the psychological and cognitive development of left-behind children. Results show that rural children left behind by both parents (but not by one parent) are worse off in both psychological well-being and cognitive development than rural children living with both parents. The disadvantage of left-behind children is mediated by their caregivers' emotional well-being, parenting practices, and education. We also find a pronounced rural-urban difference in children's cognitive development.
Mapping Health Facilities
Creators: name: Center For International Earth Science Information Network
name: Flowminder Foundation
name: United Nations Population Fund
name: WorldPop, University Of Southampton
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Geospatial data
Health
Sustainable development
Economic development

description: “Mapping Health Facilities” discusses GRID3’s work with local stakeholders and data collectors to build capacity for the production and management of geospatial data on health facilities. This paper first discusses GRID3's approach to mapping health facility data. In the next section, it discusses GRID3's support of routine and non-routine immunisation campaigns in Nigeria and the consolidation of existing health facilities data and collection of new data in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Following that, new GRID3 initiatives are discussed, including data consolidation and collection in Zambia and work around health facilities data in Sierra Leone. For more information, see https://grid3.org/ Keywords: COVID-19; health facilities; community health workers; GIS; GTS; health catchment; microplan; microplanning; points of interest; sustainable development; Democratic Republic of the Congo; Nigeria; Sierra Leone; Zambia; GRID3; health zones; vaccination; immunisation; CIESIN; UNFPA; Flowminder; WorldPop; polio; Africa; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; District Health Information Software 2; Directorate of Planning, Policy, and Information; Division of the National Health Information System; Expanded Program on Immunization; Geographic Information System; Geospatial Tracking System; Local Government Area; Mapping For Health; Maternal and Child Survival Program; National Primary Health Care Development Agency; National Spatial Data Infrastructure; Open Data Kit; Public Health Services and Solutions; Quality analysis and quality control; routine immunisation; non-routine immunisation; Service Availability and Readiness Assessment; United States Agency for International Development; Vaccination Tracking System; Wild Polio Virus; Zambia Statistics Agency
LOPES 3D reconfiguration and first measurements
Creators: name: Huber, D.
name: Apel, W. D.
name: Arteaga, J. C.
name: Bähren, L.
name: Bekk, K.
name: Bertaina, M.
name: Biermann, P. L.
name: Blümer, J.
name: Bozdog, H.
name: Brancus, I. M.
name: Buchholz, P.
name: Cantoni, E.
name: Chiavassa, A.
name: Daumiller, K.
name: de Souza, V.
name: Di Pierro, F.
name: Doll, P.
name: Engel, R.
name: Falcke, H.
name: Finger, M.
name: Fuchs, B.
name: Fuhrmann, D.
name: Gemmeke, H.
name: Grupen, C.
name: Haungs, A.
name: Heck, D.
name: Hörandel, J. R.
name: Horneffer, A.
name: Huege, T.
name: Isar, P. G.
name: Kampert, K. -H.
name: Kang, D.
name: Krömer, O.
name: Kuijpers, J.
name: Link, K.
name: Luczak, P.
name: Ludwig, M.
name: Mathes, H. J.
name: Melissas, M.
name: Morello, C.
name: Oehlschläger, J.
name: Palmieri, N.
name: Pierog, T.
name: Rautenberg, J.
name: Rebel, H.
name: Roth, M.
name: Rühle, C.
name: Saftoiu, A.
name: Schieler, H.
name: Schmidt, A.
name: Schröder, F. G.
name: Sima, O.
name: Toma, G.
name: Trinchero, G. C.
name: Weindl, A.
name: Wochele, J.
name: Wommer, M.
name: Zabierowski, J.
name: Zensus, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Radio detection technique of high-energy cosmic rays is based on the radio signal emitted by the charged particles in an air shower due to their deflection in the Earth's magnetic field. The LOPES experiment at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany with its simple dipoles made major contributions to the revival of this technique. LOPES is working in the frequency range from 40 to 80 MHz and was reconfigured several times to improve and further develop the radio detection technique. In the current setup LOPES consists of 10 tripole antennas which measure the complete electric field vector of the radio emission from cosmic rays. LOPES is the first experiment measuring all three vectorial components at once and thereby gaining the full information about the electric field vector and not only a two-dimensional projection. Such a setup including also measurements of the vertical electric field component is expected to increase the sensitivity to inclined showers and help to advance the understanding of the emission mechanism. We present the reconfiguration and calibration procedure of LOPES 3D and discuss first measurements.
description: Proceedings
Bi-allelic PAGR1 variants are associated with microcephaly and a severe neurodevelopmental disorder: genetic evidence from two families
Creators: name: Daum, Hagit
name: Ganapathi, Mythily
name: Hirsch, Yoel
name: Griffin, Emily Leann
name: LeDuc, Charles A.
name: Hagen, Jacob J.
name: Yagel, Simcha
name: Meiner, Vardiella
name: Chung, Wendy K.
name: Mor-Shaked, Hagar
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microcephaly
subject: Genetic disorders
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pediatrics

description: Exome and genome sequencing were used to identify the genetic etiology of a severe neurodevelopmental disorder in two unrelated Ashkenazi Jewish families with three affected individuals. The clinical findings included a prenatal presentation of microcephaly, polyhydramnios and clenched hands while postnatal findings included microcephaly, severe developmental delay, dysmorphism, neurologic deficits, and death in infancy. A shared rare homozygous, missense variant (c.274A > G; p.Ser92Gly, NM_024516.4) was identified in PAGR1, a gene currently not associated with a Mendelian disease. PAGR1 encodes a component of the histone methyltransferase MLL2/MLL3 complex and may function in the DNA damage response pathway. Complete knockout of the murine Pagr1a is embryonic-lethal. Given the available evidence, PAGR1 is a strong candidate gene for a novel autosomal recessive severe syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder.
title: Dystopia
Creators: name: Fortier, Mark
name: Hodgson, Hannah
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 809 History, description, critical appraisal of more than two literatures
subject: 340 Law

description: Although the role of law is a concern in countless literary genres, perhaps none is more preoccupied with the subject than dystopian fiction. Legal factors are at work, in highly distinctive ways, in almost all dystopian narratives, especially the central strain of dystopian literature, from Zamiatin to Suzanne Collins, depicting systematically oppressive governments. The presence of an oppressive legal system or more rarely, the lack of any functioning legal system, is a key instrument or cause whereby a horrific reality is brought into being. In short, there is either too little law or more often, too much law, too much bad law. Law either fails to protect or actively oppresses.
description: Der Artikel charakterisiert (in englischer Sprache) das moderne Literatur-Genre des dystopischen Romans als zentrales Medium der literarischen Auseinandersetzung mit Fragen von Recht und Unrecht, insbesondere mit dem Problem der Perversion des Rechts in manifesten oder vorstellbaren Unrechtsregimes. Mitreflektiert wird die Relevanz des Genres im Kontext der Forschung über Literatur und Recht sowie insbesondere für verfassungsrechtliche Fragestellungen. Exemplarisch vorgestellt werden vierzehn dystopische Romane des 20. und 21. Jahrhunderts.
Biallelic variants of ATP13A3 cause dose-dependent childhood-onset pulmonary arterial hypertension characterized by extreme morbidity and mortality
Creators: name: Machado, Rajiv D.
name: Welch, Carrie L.
name: Haimel, Matthias
name: Bleda, Marta
name: Colglazier, Elizabeth
name: Coulson, John D.
name: Debeljak, Marusa
name: Ekstein, Josef
name: Fineman, Jeffrey R.
name: Golden, William Christopher
name: Griffin, Emily Leann
name: Hadinnapola, Charaka
name: Harris, Michael A.
name: Hirsch, Yoel
name: Hoover-Fong, Julie Elizabeth
name: Nogee, Lawrence
name: Romer, Lewis H.
name: Vesel, Samo
name: NIHR Bioresource – Rare Diseases
name: Gräf, Stefan
name: Morrell, Nicholas W.
name: Southgate, Laura
name: Chung, Wendy K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pediatrics
subject: Cor pulmonale

description: Background: The molecular genetic basis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is heterogeneous, with at least 26 genes displaying putative evidence for disease causality. Heterozygous variants in the ATP13A3 gene were recently identified as a new cause of adult-onset PAH. However, the contribution of ATP13A3 risk alleles to child-onset PAH remains largely unexplored. Methods and results: We report three families with a novel, autosomal recessive form of childhood-onset PAH due to biallelic ATP13A3 variants. Disease onset ranged from birth to 2.5 years and was characterised by high mortality. Using genome sequencing of parent-offspring trios, we identified a homozygous missense variant in one case, which was subsequently confirmed to cosegregate with disease in an affected sibling. Independently, compound heterozygous variants in ATP13A3 were identified in two affected siblings and in an unrelated third family. The variants included three loss of function variants (two frameshift, one nonsense) and two highly conserved missense substitutions located in the catalytic phosphorylation domain. The children were largely refractory to treatment and four died in early childhood. All parents were heterozygous for the variants and asymptomatic. Conclusion: Our findings support biallelic predicted deleterious ATP13A3 variants in autosomal recessive, childhood-onset PAH, indicating likely semidominant dose-dependent inheritance for this gene.
Genetic counseling for congenital heart disease – Practice resource of the national society of genetic counselors
Creators: name: Ison, Hannah E.
name: Griffin, Emily Leann
name: Parrott, Ashley
name: Shikany, Amy R.
name: Meyers, Lindsay
name: Thomas, Matthew J.
name: Syverson, Erin
name: Demo, Erin M.
name: Fitzgerald, Kristi K.
name: Fitzgerald-Butt, Sara
name: Ziegler, Katie L.
name: Schartman, Allison F.
name: Stone, Kristyne M.
name: Helm, Benjamin M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Genetic counseling
Genetic screening
Congenital heart disease

description: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is an indication which spans multiple specialties across various genetic counseling practices. This practice resource aims to provide guidance on key considerations when approaching counseling for this particular indication while recognizing the rapidly changing landscape of knowledge within this domain. This resource was developed with consensus from a diverse group of certified genetic counselors utilizing literature relevant for CHD genetic counseling practice and is aimed at supporting genetic counselors who encounter this indication in their practice both pre- and postnatally.
LOADED OR ERODED?: PREJUDICE SUPPRESSION EFFECT DIFFERENCES BY GROUP MEMBERSHIP
Creators: name: Ali, Brandin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: suppression of prejudice
motivation to control prejudice
cognitive load
ethnic group membership

description: In 2020, the murder of George Floyd by white and non-white police officers illuminated the issue that outgroup prejudice exists across all backgrounds. Previous research has indicated that discriminatory behaviors are heightened under mentally demanding conditions. However, such research has failed to include non-white samples in their testing phases. Additionally, previous literature on prejudice suppression restricts itself to investigating one construct at a time. Thus, in the present study I investigated the role that cognitive load and ethnic group membership have on prejudice attitudes. I recruited both White and Latinx participants (N = 194) who were randomly assigned to a condition in a 2 (ethnicity: white/Latinx) x 3 (cognitive load: control/low/high) between-subjects design. Item Response Theory (IRT) estimates were utilized in place of mean scores for more accurate analysis. A Factorial ANOVA with post hoc simple effects testing revealed no significant difference in prejudice attitudes between cognitive load conditions and no significant difference in prejudice attitudes between White and Latinx participants. Finally, no significant interaction was observed between these conditions. Contrary to similar research, these findings suggest that cognitive load and ethnic group membership do not play a role in predicting prejudiced attitudes.
Enhancing Scalability of Quantum Eigenvalue Transformation of Unitary Matrices for Ground State Preparation through Adaptive Finer Filtering
Creators: name: Karacan, Erenay
name: Chen, Yanbin
name: Mendl, Christian B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Hamiltonian simulation is a domain where quantum computers have the potential to outperform their classical counterparts. One of the main challenges of such quantum algorithms is increasing the system size, which is necessary to achieve meaningful quantum advantage. In this work, we present an approach to improve the scalability of eigenspace filtering for the ground state preparation of a given Hamiltonian. Our method aims to tackle limitations introduced by a small spectral gap and high degeneracy of low energy states. It is based on an adaptive sequence of eigenspace filtering through Quantum Eigenvalue Transformation of Unitary Matrices (QETU) combined with spectrum profiling. By combining our proposed algorithm with state-of-the-art phase estimation methods, we achieved good approximations for the ground state energy with local, two-qubit gate depolarizing probability up to $10^{-4}$. To demonstrate the key results in this work, we ran simulations with the transverse-field Ising Model on classical computers using Qiskit. We compare the performance of our approach with the static implementation of QETU and show that we can consistently achieve three to four orders of magnitude improvement in the absolute error rate.
The Long-Run Effects of Short-Time Compensation
Creators: name: Kato, Takao
name: Kodama, Naomi
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Work sharing
Manpower policy
Personnel management
Economics

description: In light of the Covid-19 pandemic and its ensuing economic crisis, there is renewed interest in worksharing facilitated by Short-Time Compensation (STC) as a potentially effective policy response. Much of the literature concerns the effect of STC in the short run, and little is known about its consequence for employment in the long run. Theoretically on the one hand, when STC is available, the firm may choose to take STC and delay painful yet necessary downsizing/restructuring, resulting in inefficient resource allocation, further weakened competitiveness and even greater job losses in the end. On the other hand, with STC, the firm can preserve valuable firm-specific human capital, leading to greater sales, productivity, and employment growth than without STC. There are also some behavioral advantages of worksharing via STC over layoffs---reducing adverse workplace morale effect of layoffs and enhancing goal alignment and teamwork of workers through shared adversity. Using unique firm-level data on the use of STC by Japanese firms in response to the global Great Recession along with a rich set of firm-level controls, we estimate the Average Treatment effect on the Treated (ATT) of STC in the long run. Our ATT estimation yields the first rigorous econometric evidence on the positive consequence of STC for employment. The size of the ATT is neither trivial nor implausibly large---in four years following the incidence of STC, on average, the firm’s employment level (excluding contingent workers and counting only standard employees) will be 5.1 percentage points higher with STC than without STC. We also find a positive and significant lasting ATT of STC on sales, TFP, and value added, while we find no evidence for the negative ATT on profitability in the long run. Our evidence favors a more sanguine view of the consequences of STC in the context of the economic recovery from the global Great Recession in Japan.
Cavitation studies in axial inducers
Creators: name: Nawoj, Henry John
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1956
Subjects: Aeronautics

description: Cavitation development was investigated in axial inducers from inception to impeller breakdown using the conventional hydraulic parameters and direct visual observation. Five distinct regimes of cavitation development were observed, and the noise and vibration associated with cavitating pumps was found to occur principally in only one regime of cavitation development. Cavitation in a highly cavitating inducer was found to be adequately modeled using the cavitation similarity number introduced by Prandtl. A simple model is presented for impeller breakdown and experimental data indicate that the general requirements for impeller breakdown given by the model are exhibited in the experimental impellers. A modification to the cavitation number is suggested to accommodate the effusion of dissolved gases from the working fluid into the cavities.
A Derivation of Modified Newtonian Dynamics
Creators: name: Trippe, Sascha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) is a possible solution for the missing mass problem in galactic dynamics; its predictions are in good agreement with observations in the limit of weak accelerations. However, MOND does not derive from a physical mechanism and does not make predictions on the transitional regime from Newtonian to modified dynamics; rather, empirical transition functions have to be constructed from the boundary conditions and comparison to observations. I compare the formalism of classical MOND to the scaling law derived from a toy model of gravity based on virtual massive gravitons (the "graviton picture") which I proposed recently. I conclude that MOND naturally derives from the "graviton picture" at least for the case of non-relativistic, highly symmetric dynamical systems. This suggests that - to first order - the "graviton picture" indeed provides a valid candidate for the physical mechanism behind MOND and gravity on galactic scales in general.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure; to appear in JKAS (received 2013 February 14; revised 2013 March 22; accepted 2013 March 28)
Multi-Human 3D Reconstruction from In-the-Wild Videos
Creators: name: Khirodkar, Rawal Sheshrao
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the problem of multi-human 3D reconstruction from videos captured in the wild. Human movements are dynamic, and accurately reconstructing them in various settings is crucial for developing immersive social telepresence, assistive humanoid robots, and augmented reality systems. However, creating such a system requires addressing fundamental issues with previous works regarding the data and model architectures. In this thesis, we develop several large-scale 3D benchmarks designed to evaluate multi-human reconstruction under demanding conditions and top-down algorithms robust to occlusion and crowded environments. Data - Obtaining 3D supervision at scale for deep learning models is crucial for achieving real-world generalization. However, unlike the large-scale 2D datasets, the diversity of the 3D datasets is significantly limited - primarily because manually annotating in the 3D space is impractical. Consequently, most 3D benchmarks are limited to indoor environments or, at most, two human subjects outdoors, with stationary or slow camera movements and minimal occlusion. To address this gap, we explore using 3D synthetic data and construct two real multi-human 3D datasets that incorporate dynamic human activities, rapid camera movements, and human-human contact, largely neglected in previous benchmarks; to highlight the critical limitations of the existing methods. Methodology - A general multi-human 3D reconstruction method should be robust to scale variations and occlusions and incorporate absolute depth understanding. We introduce algorithms with these traits in 2D and 3D settings, which enable reasoning about multiple humans in dynamic environments and crowded scenes. Our top-down approach exploits spatial-contextual information to reason about severely occluded humans in the 3D scene. Building upon these two components, we develop general 3D methods that reconstruct multiple humans in dynamic scenes from in-the-wild videos.
Design of an instrument for measuring the true vertical velocity of an airplane at moment of contact in landing
Creators: name: Burger, Glenn William
name: Daniels, Jerry Forest
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1947
Subjects: Aeronautics
Aeronautical Engineering

description: In the design of the Vertical Velocity Meter a survey was first conducted of the existing methods used to measure the vertical velocity of an airplane when landing. A study was then made of these methods and of other unsuccessful attempts to design a Vertical Velocity Meter to determine just why they were not satisfactory and in what way they might be improved.

It was decided to develop a design along an entirely different principle than any used before but yet one having basic simplicity. The one selected was based on the formula of velocity being equal to a distance divided by the time it took to travel that distance. To accomplish this a device was designed which consisted of two rods of different length which would strike the ground when the plane was landing, thus if the difference in length and the time between the striking of the two rods is known, the velocity at that moment would be determined.

Since it was impracticable to test this device on an airplane, a testing machine was constructed which would test both the strength of the rods and various timing methods. This machine consisted of a wedge mounted on the end of a whirling arm which would strike the rods and simulate the impact received during the landing of an airplane. Two timing methods were tried; a Miller Oscillograph with built in recorder, and a Cathode-Ray Oscilloscope with a camera to record the trace.
Exploring the Higgs sector of a most natural NMSSM
Creators: name: Barbieri, Riccardo
name: Buttazzo, Dario
name: Kannike, Kristjan
name: Sala, Filippo
name: Tesi, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Next to Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (NMSSM) with a Higgs-singlet coupling λ close to unity, moderate tan β and stop masses below 1 TeV minimizes the fine tuning of the electroweak scale, making possible that the lightest new particles, except perhaps for the LSP, be part of the extended Higgs system. We show how the measurements of the couplings of the 126 GeV Higgs boson constrain the region of the physical parameters of a generic NMSSM most relevant to this context. In the same region of parameter space we determine the cross section for the production of a heavier CP-even scalar together with its total width and its most relevant branching ratios. For comparison we show the same analysis for the MSSM. We also comment on how a coupling λ ~ 1 can be compatible with gauge coupling unification.
description: 21 pages, 16 figures. v2: some figures improved, references added. Version published in PRD
Study of the cavitating instability on a grooved Venturi profile
Creators: name: Danlos, Amélie
name: Mehal, Jean-Elie
name: Ravelet, Florent
name: Coutier-Delgosha, Olivier
name: Bakir, Farid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cavitation is a limiting phenomenon in many domains of fluid mechanics. Instabilities of a partial cavity developed on an hydrofoil, a converging-diverging step or in an inter-blade channel in turbomachinery, have already been investigated and described in many previous works. The aim of this study is to evaluate a passive control method of the sheet cavity. According to operating conditions, cavitation can be described by two different regimes: an unstable regime with a cloud cavitation shedding and a stable regime with only a pulsating sheet cavity. Avoiding cloud cavitation can limit structure damages since a pulsating sheet cavity is less agressive. The surface condition of a converging-diverging step, like a Venturi-type obstacle, is here studied as a solution for a passive control of the cavitation. This study discusses the effect of an organized roughness, in the shape of longitudinal grooves, on the developed sheet cavity. Analyzes conducted with Laser Doppler Velocimetry, visualisations and pressure measurements show that the grooves geometry, and especially the groove depth, acts on the sheet cavity dynamics. Results show that modifying the surface condition, by varying the grooves geometry, can reduce cavity sheet length and even suppress the cloud cavitation shedding.
description: Submitted to Journal of Fluids Engineering