cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Universality of thermally assisted magnetic domain wall motion under spin torque
Creators: name: Tatara, Gen
name: Vernier, Nicolas
name: Ferre, Jacques
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermally assisted motion of magnetic domain wall under spin torque is studied theoretically. It is shown that the wall velocity $v$ depends exponentially on the spin current, $\Is$, below the threshold value, in the same way as in a thermally activated motion driven by a force. A novel property of the spin torque driven case at low temperature is that the linear term in spin current is universal, i.e., $\ln v \sim \frac{π\hbar}{2e}(\Is/\kB T)$. This behavior, which is independent of pinning and material constants, could be used to confirm experimentally the spin torque as the driving mechanism.
Single-cell transcriptome and epigenomic profiling of recurrent medulloblastoma
Creators: name: 陈璇(Chen Xuan)
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2024
Subjects: Epigenomics
Transcriptome or Gene expression
Multispecies
Medical

description: This dataset is composed of three distinct parts, each providing insights into different aspects of tumor biology through single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) and single-nucleus ATAC sequencing (snATAC-seq). The first part consists of 12 primary tumor samples, each with paired snRNA-seq and snATAC-seq data. The second part includes 4 patient-derived xenograft (PDX) samples, which also have both snRNA-seq and snATAC-seq profiles. The third part encompasses 3 primary tumor samples and 3 recurrent tumor samples, all with snRNA-seq and snATAC-seq data, allowing for a detailed examination of the molecular changes associated with tumor recurrence.
PbS nanostructures: A review of recent advances
Creators: name: Mamiyev, Zamin
name: Balayeva, Narmina O.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 510203
subject: Nonlinear optics and spectroscopy
classificationCode: 510204
subject: Photonics, optoelectronics and optical communications
classificationCode: 510299
subject: Atomic, molecular and optical physics not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 510407
subject: Surface properties of condensed matter
classificationCode: 510406
subject: Structural properties of condensed matter
classificationCode: 510804
subject: Quantum optics and quantum optomechanics
classificationCode: 340603
subject: Colloid and surface chemistry
classificationCode: 340604
subject: Electrochemistry
classificationCode: 340608
subject: Solution chemistry

description: The primary motivation behind efforts to understand the properties of lead sulfide (PbS) is its technological importance as the foundation of modern semiconductor optoelectronics. PbS nanocrystals (NCs) show remarkable versatility and promise for application in both conventional optical devices and the new generation of nano-electronics and nano-optoelectronics because of their particular structure and size-related properties. Although PbS NCs have been the subject of intense fundamental and applied studies, no comprehensive evaluation of the published data has been documented so far. Undoubtedly, providing an overview of the published research will help further development in PbS-related research and will certainly make it a step forward in the application. Therefore, this review paper discusses the preparation, structural, electronic and optical properties of PbS NCs in light of recent progress in nanotechnology. We first survey the fundamental properties of PbS NCs and then mainly focus on size-dependent properties. In this regard, the recent breakthrough in tuning the properties of PbS NCs employing doping, ligands, capping, and hybridizing with different materials and interaction with embedded media has been particularly discussed. The review concludes with the enhanced performance of the PbS NCs toward future optoelectronic devices and biological and chemical applications.
Calibration of a superconducting gravimeter with an absolute atom gravimeter
Creators: name: Merlet, S.
name: Gillot, P.
name: Cheng, B.
name: Karcher, R.
name: Imanaliev, A.
name: Timmen, L.
name: Santos, F. Pereira Dos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a 27-days long common view measurement of an absolute cold atom gravimeter (CAG) and a relative iGrav superconducting gravimeter, which we use to calibrate the iGrav scale factor. This allowed us to push the CAG long-term stability down to the level of 0.5~nm.s$^{-2}$. We investigate the impact of the duration of the measurement on the uncertainty in the determination of the correlation factor and show that it is limited to about 3\textperthousand~by the coloured noise of our cold atom gravimeter. A 3-days long measurement session with an additional FG5X absolute gravimeter allows us to directly compare the calibration results obtained with two different absolute meters. Based on our analysis, we expect that with an improvement of its long term stability, the CAG will allow to calibrate the iGrav scale factor to better than the per mille level (1$σ$ level of confidence) after only one-day of concurrent measurements for maximum tidal amplitudes.
Licences, "Use or Lose" Provisions and the Time of Investment
Creators: name: Dosi, Cesare
name: Moretto, Michele
name: Dosi, Cesare
name: Moretto, Michele
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Licences
subject: Real Options
subject: Use or Lose Provisions
subject: Time of Investment

description: Exclusive rights granted by public authorities, like concessions to develop natural resources or electromagnetic spectrum licences, often have option-like features. However, to avoid licences being unused for lengthy periods, regulators sometimes set time limits, after which the exclusive right of exercise may be revoked. In this paper we analyse the impact of use or lose ("UOL") provisions upon the private time of investment. We find that the risk of losing the licence because of inaction generally increases the probability of early investment. However, when capital costs are expected to decline over time, UOL provisions may involve a "perverse effect", by increasing, rather than reducing, the expected time of investment, with respect to a situation where the date of investment is left entirely to the licencee’s discretion.
Non-Canonical Volume-Form Formulation of Modified Gravity Theories and Cosmology
Creators: name: Benisty, David
name: Guendelman, Eduardo I.
name: Kaganovich, Alexander
name: Nissimov, Emil
name: Pacheva, Sventlana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A concise description is presented of the basic features of the formalism of non-canonical spacetime volume-forms and its application in modified gravity theories and cosmology. The well known unimodular gravity theory appears as a very special case. Concerning the hot issues facing cosmology now, we specifically briefly outline the construction of: (a) unified description of dark energy and dark matter as manifestations of a single material entity -- a special scalar field "darkon"; (b) quintessential models of universe evolution with a gravity-"inflaton"-assisted dynamical Higgs mechanism -- dynamical suppression/generation of spontaneous electroweak gauge symmetry breaking in the "early"/"late" universe; (c) unification of dark energy and dark matter with diffusive interaction among them; (d) mechanism for suppression of 5-th force without fine-tuning.
description: Accepted review in EPJ Plus. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1905.09933
Integrated silicon bipolar wideband frequency modulation circuits for high-performance analog lightwave transmission
Creators: name: Rosales, Roberto
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis describes the research done to achieve wideband frequency modulator and demodulator circuits for transmission of analog multi-channel cable television (CATV). These circuits were fabricated in an advanced silicon bipolar technology and resulted in the best-reported fully electronic implementation of a modulator for wideband frequency modulation (WFM) of CATV signals. Design of the modulator is achieved by using an emitter-coupled multivibrator (ECM) based oscillator. The viability of this approach is based on the ECM wideband tuning linearity at high-speed operation, particular noise requirements of CATV transmission, and a novel phase noise reduction technique. Results for an ECM-based current-controlled oscillator (ICO) show linear operation in the range of 1GHz to 2.5GHz. Results for a linearized ECM-based voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) show linear operation in the range of 1.5GHz to 2GHz. Linearity, from static tuning measurements, show maximum deviations from an ideal linear fit of 15MHz, and 1.5MHz for the ICO and VCO respectively. Results for a wideband delay-line demodulator show linear operation in a range of 2.5GHz, with back-to-back modulator/demodulator modulation bandwidth of 1GHz. A state-of-the art phase noise measurement system, based on automatic data gathering with a spectrum analyzer followed by mathematical post-processing, is presented. This system measures the phase noise of a variable oscillator versus tuning input, at a fixed offset from the carrier, with better accuracy than the best dedicated commercial measurement instrument available at the time. The first study of phase noise in high-speed ECMs is presented from experimental measurements and circuit noise simulations. This study revealed new findings on the fundamental noise limits of ECMs. It was found that, at high frequencies, shot noise of the ECM core transistors dominates oscillator phase noise. Furthermore, phase noise was found to be directly proportional to the ECM tail current and inversely proportional to the square of ECM timing capacitor. This lead to a simple and novel optimization design approach to reduce phase noise by scaling up, by the same factor, the tail current and timing capacitor with minimal effects on tuning linearity. In addition, the modulator perspectives in a narrowcast WFM system are explored through system calculations.
Geometry of the Casimir Effect
Creators: name: Balian, Roger
name: Duplantier, Bertrand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When the vacuum is partitioned by material boundaries with arbitrary shape, one can define the zero-point energy and the free energy of the electromagnetic waves in it: this can be done, independently of the nature of the boundaries, in the limit that they become perfect conductors, provided their curvature is finite. The first examples we consider are Casimir's original configuration of parallel plates, and the experimental situation of a sphere in front of a plate. For arbitrary geometries, we give an explicit expression for the zero-point energy and the free energy in terms of an integral kernel acting on the boundaries; it can be expanded in a convergent series interpreted as a succession of an even number of scatterings of a wave. The quantum and thermal fluctuations of vacuum then appear as a purely geometric property. The Casimir effect thus defined exists only owing to the electromagnetic nature of the field. It does not exist for thin foils with sharp folds, but Casimir forces between solid wedges are finite. We work out various applications: low temperature, high temperature where wrinkling constraints appear, stability of a plane foil, transfer of energy from one side of a curved boundary to the other, forces between distant conductors, special shapes (parallel plates, sphere, cylinder, honeycomb).
description: 44 pages, 8 figures; Proceedings of the 15 th SIGRAV Conference on General Relativity and Gravitational Physics, Villa Mondragone, Monte Porzio Catone, Roma, Italy, September 9-12, 2002
The soft X-ray properties of quasars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
Creators: name: Shen, Shiyin
name: White, Simon D. M.
name: Mo, H. J.
name: Voges, Wolfgang
name: Kauffmann, Guinevere
name: Tremonti, Christy
name: Anderson, Scott F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the ROSAT All Sky Survey (RASS) to study the soft X-ray properties of a homogeneous sample of 46,420 quasars selected from the third data release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). Optical luminosities, both at rest-frame 2500Å($L_{2500}$) and in [OIII] ($L_{[\rm{OIII}]}$) span more than three orders of magnitude, while redshifts range over $0.1
description: 16 pages, 15 figures, 3 tables, replaced with final version accepted by MNRAS
Spin-dependent resonant tunneling in ZnSe/ZnMnSe heterostructures
Creators: name: Saffarzadeh, A.
name: Bahar, M.
name: Banihasan, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the transfer matrix method and the effective-mass approximation, the effect of resonant states on spin transport is studied in ZnSe/ZnMnSe/ZnSe/ZnMnSe/ZnSe structures under the influence of both electric and magnetic fields. The numerical results show that the ZnMnSe layers, which act as spin filters, polarize the electric currents. Variation of thickness of the central ZnSe layer shifts the resonant levels and exhibits an oscillatory behavior in spin current densities. It is also shown that the spin polarization of the tunneling current in geometrical asymmetry of the heterostructure where two ZnMnSe layers have different Mn concentrations, depends strongly on the thickness and the applied bias.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
Stakeholder Perspectives on CO₂-derived Goods Along the Entire Value Chain – Interview with Alena Jahns and Jan Hildebrand (IZES gGmbH)
Creators: name: Banduka, Dusica
name: Schwarzenberger, Anke
name: Hildebrand, Jan
name: Jahns, Alena
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: CCU
Renewable Carbon
CO₂
Circular Economy
Fomic Acid
Consumer Perception

description: The EU funded research project WaterProof is developing a CO2 conversion technology, converting CO2 from waste incineration and wastewater treatment into fomic acid using electrochemistry. 

The formic acid produced in WaterProof will be tested in three end application: fish leather tanning, cleaning detergents and ADES. Consumer remain sceptical when it comes to CO2 derived goods. This interview with with Alena Jahns and Jan Hildebrand (IZES gGmbH) discusses the consumer perception of CO₂-derived products.
Core percolation and onset of complexity in Boolean networks
Creators: name: Correale, L.
name: Leone, M.
name: Pagnani, A.
name: Weigt, M.
name: Zecchina, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Other Quantitative Biology (q-bio.OT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The determination and classification of fixed points of large Boolean networks is addressed in terms of constraint satisfaction problem. We develop a general simplification scheme that, removing all those variables and functions belonging to trivial logical cascades, returns the computational core of the network. The onset of an easy-to-complex regulatory phase is introduced as a function of the parameters of the model, identifying both theoretically and algorithmically the relevant regulatory variables.
description: major revisions, extended results, version accepted for publication in PRL
Urban Mathematics Education Research
Creators: name: Dubbs, Christopher
Publisher: name: Journal of Urban Mathematics Education
Year: 2021

description: As Foucault’s ironic approach to history is to suggest that looking at our past can help us to change the future, I contend that connections make the best disruptions. To wit, I introduce citation networks to make connections between articles and citations as a way of disrupting assumptions about what has been and can be done in the name of mathematics education research. The purpose of this paper is to introduce citation networks, a novel method for identifying field connections, and a theory of spatiality that deploys the metaphors of bubbles and foams to imagine disruptions. After introducing the method and theory that guide this investigation, I introduce and describe the foams of the research published in the Journal for Research in Mathematics Education and Educational Studies in Mathematics during the 2010s. In doing so, I show what topics of inquiry constitute the dominant research foci of our field, or at least of our field as it is published in these mainstream mathematics education journals. Later, I read these maps with a critical lens towards the foci to discern what is marginalized and excluded, namely the urban. This research builds on earlier work that names the ghettoization of urban mathematics education research and provides a critical interrogation of the ways that urban research is marked and marginalized within dominant mathematics education research journals. I conclude by situating the role of the Journal of Urban Mathematics Education as a place to blow bubbles, a place to reconfigure what we can see, say, think, and do in the name of (urban) mathematics education research.
description: Journal of Urban Mathematics Education, Vol. 14 No. 2 (2021): December 2021 Issue
Leveling the Playing Field
Creators: name: Friedrich, Jami
name: Jenkins, Tynetta
Publisher: name: Journal of Urban Mathematics Education
Year: 2021

description: As a White cis-gender woman and an African American cis-gender woman who are educators and emerging scholars in the field of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education, we come together to review Black, Brown, Bruised: How Racialized STEM Education Stifles Innovation by Ebony Omotola McGee. This book review is based on our understanding of the inequities in the field of STEM education and the effects of these inequities on mathematics education. We invite the reader to join us in this conversation of recognizing the hardships and embracing the success of underrepresented racialized minority students in mathematics and other fields of STEM.
description: Journal of Urban Mathematics Education, Vol. 14 No. 2 (2021): December 2021 Issue
Manipulation of heteronuclear spin dynamics with microwave and vector light shift
Creators: name: Li, Lintao
name: Zhu, Bing
name: Lu, Bo
name: Zhang, Shizhong
name: Wang, Dajun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the observation and manipulation of heteronuclear spin dynamics in a spin-1 mixture of ultracold $^{87}$Rb and $^{23}$Na atoms. The dynamics is driven by the interspecies spin-dependent interaction and shows a pronounced dependence on magnetic fields with influences from both linear and quadratic Zeeman shifts. Similar to the well-studied homonuclear cases, the interspecies spin dynamics can be controlled by tuning the quadratic Zeeman shift with far-detuned microwave fields. In addition, we successfully realize spin dynamics control with vector light shifts which act as a species-selective effective magnetic field on $^{87}$Rb atoms. Both methods show negligible loss of atoms thus will be powerful techniques for investigating spin dynamics with fast temporal and high spatial resolutions.
A Conversation About Rethinking Criteria for Qualitative and Interpretive Research
Creators: name: Grant, Melva R.
name: Lincoln, Yvonna
Publisher: name: Journal of Urban Mathematics Education
Year: 2021

description: This editorial shares a conversation about qualitative and interpretive research quality between friends. Dr. Yvonna Lincoln, University Distinguished Professor Emerita at Texas A&M University, has been a pioneer in the field of qualitative and interpretive inquiry research. The purpose of this paper is to share Yvonna Lincoln’s contemporary thinking about quality criteria for qualitative and interpretive inquiry research and to make it available to mathematics educators who conduct qualitative research in urban settings.
description: Journal of Urban Mathematics Education, Vol. 14 No. 2 (2021): December 2021 Issue
Translanguaging to Persevere Is Key for Latinx Bilinguals' Mathematical Success
Creators: name: DiNapoli, Joseph
name: Morales, Hector
Publisher: name: Journal of Urban Mathematics Education
Year: 2021

description: Recent reform efforts state the importance of providing students with opportunities to persevere with challenging mathematics to make meaning. We posit translanguaging practice as a vital option by which Latinx bilingual students can sustain collective perseverance during problem solving. In this paper, we employ a constant-comparative overlay analysis to simultaneously study the discursive translanguaging and perseverance practices of Latinx bilingual students and the corresponding classroom supports. We observed collaborative problem solving in two classrooms of 12th-grade Latinx bilinguals working to make sense of an exponential function and the involvement of the same monolingual English-speaking teacher. Working within similar, supportive classroom environments, we describe how one group of students spontaneously and dialogically leveraged communicative resources to help persevere with in-the-moment obstacles, while another group of students worked together across languages but did not engage in a translanguaging mathematical practice to persevere. We suggest that only establishing a classroom environment conducive for translanguaging and perseverance practice is insufficient and that teachers should not solely rely on students spontaneously engaging in these practices. To complement this environment, we recommend specific teacher moves and scaffolds that could help Latinx bilingual students initiate collaborative translanguaging and support their ongoing perseverance to make meaning of mathematics.
description: Journal of Urban Mathematics Education, Vol. 14 No. 2 (2021): December 2021 Issue
Indigenous Struggle With Mathematics Education in the New Zealand Context
Creators: name: Tweed, Brian
Publisher: name: Journal of Urban Mathematics Education
Year: 2021

description: In this article, the learning of conventional curriculum mathematics in one Indigenous Māori school in Aotearoa/New Zealand is conceptualized as a site of ontological struggle. The major finding of a research project which analyzed extensive ethnographic data gathered in partnership with this school identified an ontological disjunction between curriculum mathematics education and the ethos of the school. This disjunction can be related to the complex and emergent phenomenon in Aotearoa/New Zealand of Indigenous schools in neoliberal, capitalist urban conditions. Centering the ontological commitments of the Māori school challenges the ontological hegemony of curriculum mathematics education and points to a consideration of the possibilities of forms of contemporary mathematical education based on Indigenous ontologies. Embedded in the discussion is a consideration of the ethical position of non-Indigenous researchers working in Indigenous contexts.
description: Journal of Urban Mathematics Education, Vol. 14 No. 2 (2021): December 2021 Issue
A Spatio-temporal Model for Agricultural Yield Prediction
Creators: name: Tokovenko, Oleksiy
name: Dorfman, Jeffrey H.
name: Gunter, Lewell F.
name: Tokovenko, Oleksiy
name: Dorfman, Jeffrey H.
name: Gunter, Lewell F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Farm Management

description: The paper presents a spatio-temporal statistical model of agricultural yield prediction based on spatial mixtures of distributions. The proposed method combines several hierarchical and sequential Bayesian estimation procedures that allow the general problem to be addressed with a series of simpler tasks, providing the required flexibility of the model while decreasing the complexity associated with the large dimensionality of the spatial data sets. The data used for the study are 1970 - 2009 annual Iowa state county level corn yield data. The spatial correlation hypothesis is studied by comparing the alternative models using the posterior predictive criterion under squared loss function.
Higher-order topological semimetal in acoustic crystals
Creators: name: Wei, Qiang
name: Zhang, Xuewei
name: Deng, Weiyin
name: Lu, Jiuyang
name: Huang, Xueqin
name: Yan, Mou
name: Chen, Gang
name: Liu, Zhengyou
name: Jia, Suotang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The notion of higher-order topological insulators has endowed materials with topological states beyond the first order. Particularly, a three-dimensional (3D) higher-order topological insulator can host topologically protected 1D hinge states, referred to as the second-order topological insulator, or 0D corner states, referred to as the third-order topological insulator. Similarly, a 3D higher-order topological semimetal can be envisaged if it hosts states on the 1D hinges. Here we report the realization of a second-order topological Weyl semimetal in a 3D-printed acoustic crystal, which possesses Weyl points in 3D momentum space, 2D Fermi arc states on surfaces and 1D gapless states on hinges. Like the arc surface states, the hinge states also connect the projections of the Weyl points. Our experimental results evidence the existence of the higher-order topological semimetal, which may pave the way towards innovative acoustic devices.
description: 4 figures in the Main Text. Nature Materials (2021)
Flavour Independent hA Search and Two Higgs Doublet Model Interpretation of Neutral Higgs Boson Searches at LEP
Creators: name: The OPAL Collaboration
name: Abbiendi, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Upper limits on the cross-section of the pair-production process e+e- -> h0A0 assuming 100% decays into hadrons, are derived from a new search for the h0A0 -> hadrons topology, independent of the hadronic flavour of the decay products. Searches for the neutral Higgs bosons h0 and A0, are used to obtain constraints on the Type II Two Higgs Doublet Model (2HDM(11)) with no CP violation in the Higgs sector and no additional non Standard Model particles besides the five Higgs bosons. The analysis combines LEP1 and LEP2 data collected with the OPAL detctor up to the highest available centre-of-mass energies. The searches are sensitive to the h0, A0 -> qq, gg,tau+tau- and h0 -> A0A0 decay modes of the Higgs bosons. The 2HDM(II) parameter space is explored in a detailed scan. Large regions of the 2HDM(II) parameter space are excluded at the 95% CL in the (mh, mA), (mh, tanb) and (mA, tanb) planes, using both direct neutral Higgs boson searches and indirect limits derived from Standard Model high precision measurements. The region 1 lesssim mh lesssim 55 GeV and 3 lesssim mA lesssim 63 GeV is excluded at 95% CL independently of the choice of the 2HDM(II) parameters.
description: 37 pages, 11 figures, Submitted to Eur. Phys. J. C
The Effects of Farm Commodity Policies and Retail Food Policies on Obesity and Economic Welfare in the United States
Creators: name: Okrent, Abigail M.
name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Okrent, Abigail M.
name: Alston, Julian M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Obesity
subject: Food Policy
subject: Fat Taxes
subject: Welfare
subject: Market Model

description: Many commentators have claimed that farm subsidies have contributed significantly to the ―obesity epidemic‖ by making fattening foods relatively cheap and abundant and, symmetrically, that taxing ―unhealthy‖ commodities or subsidizing ―healthy‖ commodities would contribute to reducing obesity rates. In this paper we estimate and compare the economic welfare effects from hypothetical farm commodity and retail food policies as alternative mechanisms for encouraging consumption of healthy food or discouraging consumption of unhealthy food, or both. To do this, we develop an equilibrium displacement model that characterizes the linkages among multiple commodities that are vertically linked to multiple retail products, where the commodities and retail products are related in production and consumption. We simulate the likely effects on food and commodity consumption of several policies that have been proposed in as ways of addressing obesity: (a) eliminating current farm programs including farm subsidies and trade barriers on agriculture, (b) a subsidy on fruit and vegetable retail products, (c) a subsidy on fruit and vegetable farm commodities, (d) a tax on the fat content of food products, (e) a tax on the calorie content of food products, (f) a tax on the sugar content of food products, or (g) a uniform tax on food. We then translate the changes in food consumption into changes in calorie consumption, adult body weight, and public health-care expenditures, and compare the changes in social welfare for each policy. We find that among all these policies, a tax on calories would be the most efficient as obesity policy, having the lowest deadweight loss per pound of fat reduction in average adult weight, and yielding a net social gain once the impact on public health care expenditures is considered, whereas the other policies typically would involve significant net social costs.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 03/16/2011.
Coplanarity In Twistor Space Of N=4 Next-To-MHV One-Loop Amplitude Coefficients
Creators: name: Britto, Ruth
name: Cachazo, Freddy
name: Feng, Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Next-to-MHV one-loop amplitudes in N=4 gauge theory can be written as a linear combination of known multivalued functions, called scalar box functions, with coefficients that are rational functions. We consider the localization of these coefficients in twistor space and prove that all of them are localized on a plane. The proof is done by studying the action of differential operators that test coplanarity on the unitarity cuts of the amplitudes.
description: 11 pages, harvmac, 2 figures
The 1/N_c Approach for Baryon Resonances
Creators: name: Lebed, Richard F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I give a brief overview of the model-independent analysis of unstable baryon resonances in the 1/N_c QCD expansion. This approach produces numerous surprising semi-quantitative phenomenological predictions that are supported by available observations.
description: 4 pages, LaTeX, style file included. Invited talk at International Conference on QCD and Hadronic Physics, Beijing, China, 16-20 Jun 2005
Estimating Payback to Residential Energy Efficiency Measures: A Field Experiment
Creators: name: Suter, Jordan F.
name: Shammin, Rumi
name: Suter, Jordan F.
name: Shammin, Rumi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Interest in energy efficiency has grown in recent years as a result of increasing energy prices and greater concern for the externalities generated by fossil fuel combustion. Although energy efficiency measures have the potential to generate win-win situations whereby households gain financial benefits from reduced energy costs and society benefits from the generation of fewer energy consumption related externalities, energy efficiency appears to suffer from underinvestment. One potential explanation for this underinvestment is the lack of information that households and landlords have regarding the savings associated with energy efficiency measures. In this paper we test three types of energy efficiency strategies in an experimental design that utilizes institutionally owned homes that are rented to college students. Using data on actual natural gas consumption during the heating season, our results indicate modest energy savings associated with the installation of attic insulation and the provision of financial incentives for conservation. These results are supported by observations of ambient temperature data, which show that households receiving incentives, on average, reduced the ambient air temperature by 1.5 degrees F.
On the high coherence of kilo-Hz Quasi-Periodic Oscillations
Creators: name: Barret, D.
name: Kluzniak, W.
name: Olive, J. F.
name: Paltani, S.
name: Skinner, G. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have carried out a systematic study of the properties of the kilo-Hertz quasi-periodic oscillations (QPO) observed in the X-ray emission of the neutron star low-mass X-ray binary 4U1608-52, using archival data obtained with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer. We have investigated the quality factor, Q, of the oscillations (defined as the ratio of the frequency of the QPO peak to its full width at half maximum). In order to minimise the effect of long-term frequency drifts, power spectra were computed over the shortest times permitted by the data statistics. We show that the high Q of ~200 reported by Berger et al. (1996) for the lower frequency kilo-Hz QPO in one of their observations is by no means exceptional, as we observe a mean Q value in excess of 150 in 14 out of the 21 observations analysed and Q can remain above 200 for thousands of seconds. The frequency of the QPO varies over the wide range 560--890 Hz and we find a systematic trend for the coherence time of the QPO, estimated as tau=Q /(pi nu), to increase with the frequency, up to a maximum level at ~ 800 Hz, beyond which it appears to decrease, at frequencies where the QPO weakens. There is a more complex relationship between tau and the QPO root mean squared amplitude (RMS), in which positive and negative correlations can be found. A higher-frequency QPO, revealed by correcting for the frequency drift of the 560-890 Hz one, has a much lower Q (~10) which does not follow the same pattern. We discuss these results in the framework of competing QPO models and show that those involving clumps orbiting within or above the accretion disk are ruled out.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 8 pages, 6 figures, 3 Tables
Nowcast of an EUV dynamic spectrum during solar flares
Creators: name: Kawai, Toshiki
name: Imada, Shinsuke
name: Nishimoto, Shohei
name: Watanabe, Kyoko
name: Kawate, Tomoko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In addition to X-rays, extreme ultraviolet (EUV) rays radiated from solar flares can cause serious problems, such as communication failures and satellite drag. Therefore, methods for forecasting EUV dynamic spectra during flares are urgently required. Recently, however, owing to the lack of instruments, EUV dynamic spectra have rarely been observed. Hence, we develop a new method that converts the soft X-ray light curve observed during large flare events into an EUV dynamic spectrum by using the Solar Dynamics Observatory / Atmospheric Imaging Assembly images, a numerical simulation, and atomic database. The simulation provides the solution for a coronal loop that is heated by a strong flare, and the atomic database calculates its dynamic spectrum, including X-ray and EUV irradiances. The coefficients needed for the conversion can be calculated by comparing the observed soft X-ray light curve with that of the simulation. We apply our new method to three flares that occurred in the active region 12673 on September 06, 2017. The results show similarities to those of the Flare Irradiance Spectral Model, and reconstruct some of the EUV peaks observed by the EUV Variability Experiment onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory.
О'ZBEK VА INGLIZ TILLАRIDАGI UNLILАRDА FОNОLОGIK INTERFERENSIYА ОMILLАRI
Creators: name: Isakov, Abdulakhat
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Ushbu mаqоlа “О‘zbek vа ingliz tillаridаgi unli tоvushlаrdа fоnоlоgik interferensiyа оmillаri” mаvzusini tаhlil qilаdi. Mаqоlаdа fоnоlоgik interferensiyа tushunchаsi vа uning til о‘rgаnish jаrаyоnidа qаndаy muаmmоlаrni keltirib chiqаrishi hаqidа sо'z bоrаdi. О‘zbek vа ingliz tillаridаgi unli tоvushlаr оrаsidаgi fоnetik vа fоnоlоgik fаrqlаrni tаhlil qilish оrqаli, mаqоlаdа tilо‘rgаnuvchilаridа yuzаgа kelаdigаn tаlаffuz xаtоlаrining sаbаblаrini аniqlаshgа hаrаkаt qilingаn.
Multiproduct Optimal Hedging by Time-Varying Correlations in a State Dependent model of Regime-Switching
Creators: name: Tejeda, Hernan A.
name: Goodwin, Barry K.
name: Tejeda, Hernan A.
name: Goodwin, Barry K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Agribusiness
Demand and Price Analysis
Risk and Uncertainty

description: We determine time-varying hedge ratios in a multiproduct setting using a multivariate state dependent model of regime switching dynamic correlations. The model enables one to depict the time-varying correlations for multiple series of cash and future prices in two or more different regimes (i.e. the conditional correlation is not constant in this multivariate model). This provides an improved characterization of the multiproduct dynamic hedging process as it captures the evolution of the cash/futures correlation matrix when the model switches from a regime of low correlation to one of higher correlation or vice-versa. The model switches regimes according to a Markov chain process and does not have a dimensionality problem for larger numbers of series, as does the more conventional BEKK model. In addition, we introduce fundamental, economically related factors in the regime switching process to assess their effect. These are (weakly) exogenous variables with respect to the markets being considered. Results show that these explicit weakly exogenous variables have an impact on the dynamic process. We determine the optimal hedge ratios for the soybean complex by specifically introducing the stocks-to-use ratio of soybeans as a variable in determining the probability of switching correlation regimes. The stocks-to-use ratio contains specific, up-to-date information on the supply and demand conditions relevant to the soybean markets, and hence has a direct role in determining the price of the commodities. By introducing this variable, our model achieves improvement in the characterization of the process over the case of constant transition probabilities between regimes. Additionally, shocks to these related variables permit us to identify the effect on the hedging ratios and comparison to simpler hedging estimation procedures. The model applied is from Tejeda et al. (2009).
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 07/29/10.
Generating dynamic verification tools for generalized symbolic trajectory evaluation (GSTE)
Creators: name: Ng, Kelvin Kwok Cheung
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Formal and dynamic (simulation, emulation, etc.) verification techniques are both needed to deal with the overall challenge of verification. Unfortunately, the same specification does not always work with both techniques. In particular, Generalized Symbolic Trajectory Evaluation (GSTE) is a powerful formal verification technique developed by Intel and successfully used on next-generation microprocessor designs, but the specification formalism for GSTE relies on "symbolic constants", which intrinsically exploit the underlying formal verification engine and cannot be reasonably handled via non-symbolic means. In this thesis, I propose a modified version of GSTE specifications and present efficient, automatic constructions to convert from the new simulation-friendly GSTE specifications into conventional GSTE specifications (to access the formal verification tool flow) as well as into monitor circuits suitable for conventional dynamic verification. I also investigate the construction from the monitor circuits into testbench generator circuits. I implemented the proposed constructions to demonstrate that my approach is practical and efficient.
Oscillations of Bose condensates in a one-dimensional optical superlattice
Creators: name: Huang, C. C.
name: Wu, W. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Oscillations of atomic Bose-Einstein condensates in a 1D optical lattice with a two-point basis is investigated. In the low-frequency regime, four branches of modes are resolved, that correspond to the transverse in-phase and out-of-phase breathing modes, and the longitudinal acoustic and optical phonon modes of the condensates. Dispersions of these modes depend intimately on the values of two intersite Josephson tunneling strengths, $J_1$ and $J_2$, and the on-site repulsion $U$ between the atoms. Observation of these mode dispersions is thus a direct way to access them.
description: 5 pages,2 figures
Semiflexible polymer in a gliding assay: reentrant transition, role of turnover and activity
Creators: name: Shee, Amir
name: Gupta, Nisha
name: Chaudhuri, Abhishek
name: Chaudhuri, Debasish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a model of an extensible semiflexible filament moving in two dimensions on a motility assay of motor proteins represented explicitly as active harmonic linkers. Their heads bind stochastically to polymer segments within a capture radius, and extend along the filament in a directed fashion before detaching. Both the extension and detachment rates are load-dependent and generate an active drive on the filament. The filament undergoes a first order phase transition from open chain to spiral conformations and shows a reentrant behavior in both the active extension and the turnover, defined as the ratio of attachment-detachment rates. Associated with the phase transition, the size and shape of the polymer changes non-monotonically, and the relevant autocorrelation functions display double-exponential decay. The corresponding correlation times show a maximum signifying the dominance of spirals. The orientational dynamics captures the rotation of spirals, and its correlation time decays with activity as a power law.
description: 13 pages, 14 figures; version accepted for publication in Soft Matter
Origami and materials science
Creators: name: Liu, Huan
name: Plucinsky, Paul
name: Feng, Fan
name: James, Richard D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Origami, the ancient art of folding thin sheets, has attracted increasing attention for its practical value in diverse fields: architectural design, therapeutics, deployable space structures, medical stent design, antenna design and robotics. In this survey article we highlight its suggestive value for the design of materials. At continuum level the rules for constructing origami have direct analogs in the analysis of the microstructure of materials. At atomistic level the structure of crystals, nanostructures, viruses and quasicrystals all link to simplified methods of constructing origami. Underlying these linkages are basic physical scaling laws, the role of isometries, and the simplifying role of group theory. Non-discrete isometry groups suggest an unexpected framework for the possible design of novel materials.
description: 25 pages, 8 figures
Can we keep up with the demand? Emerging trends in global rice consumption
Creators: name: Jamora, Nelissa
name: Valera, Harold Glenn
name: Molina, Imelda
name: Matriz, Mary Joanne
name: Mohanty, Samarendu
name: Jamora, Nelissa
name: Valera, Harold Glenn
name: Molina, Imelda
name: Matriz, Mary Joanne
name: Mohanty, Samarendu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Consumer/Household Economics
Demand and Price Analysis
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Food Security and Poverty

description: Poster
Suppression of long-range ordering and multiferroicity in Sr-substituted Ba3-xSrxMnNb2O9 (x = 1 and 3)
Creators: name: Sharma, Shivani
name: Yanda, Premakumar
name: Yadav, Poonam
name: da Silva, Ivan
name: Sundaresan, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Effects of Sr substitution at A-site in ordered perovskite Ba3-xSrxMnNb2O9 (x = 1 and 3) have been investigated using X-ray diffraction, magnetization, dielectric/magnetodielectric and neutron diffraction measurements. The parent compound Ba3MnNb2O9 having a large spin (S=5/2) is known to exhibit type-II multiferroic properties with quasi 2D triangular lattice antiferromagnetic ground state. A slight perturbation in exchange interaction due to substitution of smaller size isovalent ion at the A-site in Ba3-xSrxMnNb2O9 (x = 1 and 3) has been found to alter the ground states drastically and hence the multiferroicity. The crucial role of various fluctuations (quantum and/or thermal), weak lattice distortion induced by Sr-substitution and slight imbalance between different fluctuations in determining the ground states and the multiferroicity is discussed and compared with the results of smaller spin compounds (S = 1/2 or 1).
description: 18 pages, 6 figures
Impacts of labour on interactions between economics and animal welfare in extensive sheep farms
Creators: name: Vosough Ahmadi, Bouda
name: Dwyer, Cathy M.
name: Erhard, H.W.
name: Morgan-Davies, Claire
name: Waterhouse, A.
name: Milne, Catherine E.
name: Kupiec-Teahan, Beata
name: Ringrose, Sian
name: Goddard, Pete
name: Phillips, Kate
name: Stott, Alistair W.
name: Vosough Ahmadi, Bouda
name: Dwyer, Cathy M.
name: Erhard, H.W.
name: Morgan-Davies, Claire
name: Waterhouse, A.
name: Milne, Catherine E.
name: Kupiec-Teahan, Beata
name: Ringrose, Sian
name: Goddard, Pete
name: Phillips, Kate
name: Stott, Alistair W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Sheep
subject: Labour
subject: Animal Welfare
subject: Linear Programme

description: This study quantified interactions between animal welfare and farm profitability in British extensive sheep farming systems. Qualitative welfare assessment methodology was used to assess welfare from the animal's perspective in 20 commercial extensive sheep farms and to estimate labour demand for welfare, based on the assessed welfare scores using data collected from farm inventories. The estimated labour demand was then used as a coefficient in a linear program based model to establish the gross margin maximising farm management strategy for given farm situations, subject to constraints that reflected current resource limitations including labour supply. Regression analysis showed a significant relationship between the qualitative welfare assessment scores and labour supply on the inventoried farms but there was no significant relationship between current gross margin and assessed welfare scores. However, to meet the labour demand of the best welfare score, a reduction in flock size and in the average maximum farm gross margin was often required. These findings supported the hypothesis that trade-offs between animal welfare and farm profitability are necessary in providing maximum animal welfare via on-farm labour and sustainable British extensive sheep farming systems.