cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Superfield Noether Procedure
Creators: name: Magro, M.
name: Sachs, I.
name: Wolf, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a superspace Noether procedure for supersymmetric field theories in 4-dimensions for which an off-shell formulation in ordinary superspace exists. In this way we obtain an elegant and compact derivation of the various supercurrents in these theories. We then apply this formalism to compute the central charges for a variety of effective actions. As a by-product we also obtain a simple derivation of the anomalous superconformal Ward-identity in N=2 Yang-Mills theory. The connection with linearized supergravity is also discussed.
description: 47 pages, Latex, improved pedagogical presentation and references added
Estimation of the Potential Adoption of Aflasafe Among Smallholder Maize Farmers in Lower Eastern Kenya
Creators: name: Marechera, George
name: Ndwiga, Joseph
name: Marechera, George
name: Ndwiga, Joseph
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
International Development
Land Economics/Use

description: Aflatoxin contamination in maize and maize products is a major problem in Kenya, especially in the lower eastern part, where crop losses and human fatalities have been reported. Using a pre-tested questionnaire, 480 households were surveyed in the area, which has been identified as a “hotspot” for the lethal Aspergillus flavus strain S. This study aimed to estimate the potential adoption of Aflasafe, a new aflatoxin control technology that is currently being field-tested in Kenya, Burkina Faso and Senegal. The study found an adoption potential of 82%, which suggests that Aflasafe is likely to command a large market in lower eastern Kenya. The main factors that significantly influenced (positively or negatively) farmers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for Aflasafe were: formal education, farmer type, household income, and county of residence in Kenya. The uptake of Aflasafe could be enhanced through extension services and short-term subsidies
Probing Lepton Flavor Violating decays in MSSM with Non-Holomorphic Soft Terms
Creators: name: Chattopadhyay, Utpal
name: Das, Debottam
name: Mukherjee, Samadrita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) can be extended to include non-holomorphic trilinear soft supersymmetry (SUSY) breaking interactions that may have distinct signatures. We consider non-vanishing off-diagonal entries of the coupling matrices associated with holomorphic (of MSSM) and non-holomorphic trilinear terms corresponding to sleptons with elements $A^l_{ij}$ and $A^{\prime l}_{ij}$. We first improve the MSSM charge breaking minima condition of the vacuum to include the off-diagonal entries $A^l_{ij}$ (with $i \neq j$). We further extend this analysis for non-holomorphic trilinear interactions. No other sources of lepton flavor violation like that from charged slepton matrices are considered. We constrain the interaction terms via the experimental limits of processes like charged leptons decaying with lepton flavor violation (LFV) and Higgs boson decaying to charged leptons with LFV. Apart from the leptonic decays we compute all the three neutral LFV Higgs boson decays of MSSM. We find that an analysis with non-vanishing $A^\prime_{eμ}$ involving the first two generations of sleptons receives the dominant constraint from $μ\to e γ$. On the other hand, $A^\prime_{eτ}$ or $A^\prime_{μτ}$ can be constrained from the CMS 13 TeV analysis giving limits to the respective Yukawa couplings via considering SM Higgs boson decaying into $eτ$ or $μτ$ final states. Contributions from $A^l_{ij}$ is too little to have any significance compared to the large effect from $A^{\prime l}_{ij}$.
description: 33 pages, 13 figures, 4 tables, some clarifications in text and 3 new figures added, conclusion unchanged, version published in JHEP
The Flexible Accelerator Model of Investment: An Application to Ugandan Tea- Processing Firms
Creators: name: Twine, Edgar E.
name: Kiiza, Barnabas
name: Bashaasha, Bernard
name: Twine, Edgar E.
name: Kiiza, Barnabas
name: Bashaasha, Bernard
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Agricultural Finance
Financial Economics
International Development

description: The study uses the flexible accelerator model to examine determinants of the level and growth of investment in machinery and equipment for a sample of tea-processing firms in Uganda. Using a dynamic panel data model, we find that, in the long run, the level of investment in machinery and equipment is positively influenced by the accelerator, firm-level liquidity, and a favourable investment climate in the country. Depreciation of the exchange rate negatively affects investment. We conclude that firm-level strategies that increase output and profitability, and a favourable investment policy climate, are imperative to the growth of the tea industry
Plasmon enhanced second harmonic generation by periodic arrays of triangular nanoholes coupled to quantum emitters
Creators: name: Drobnyh, Elena
name: Sukharev, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical properties of periodic arrays of nanoholes of a triangular shape with experimentally realizable parameters are examined in both linear and nonlinear regimes. Utilizing fully vectorial three-dimensional approach based on the nonlinear hydrodynamic Drude model describing metal coupled to Maxwells equations and Bloch equations for molecular emitters we analyze linear transmission, reflection, and nonlinear power spectra. Rigorous numerical calculations demonstrating second and third harmonic generation by the triangular hole arrays are performed. It is shown that both the Coulomb interaction of conduction electrons and the convective term contribute on equal footing to the nonlinear response of metal. It is demonstrated that the energy conversion efficiency in the second harmonic process is the highest when the system is pumped at the localized surface plasmon resonance. When molecular emitters are placed on a surface of the hole array lineshapes of the second harmonic signal exhibits three peaks corresponding to second harmonics of the localized surface plasmon mode and upper and lower polaritonic states.
description: accepted for publication at Journal of Chemical Physics, manuscript includes Supplementary Materials
MOESM12 of Cloning and functional analysis of the FAD2 gene family from desert shrub Artemisia sphaerocephala
Creators: name: Xiumei Miao
name: Lijing Zhang
name: Xiaowei Hu
name: Shuzhen Nan
name: Xiaolong Chen
name: Fu, Hua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 12: Table S9. Primers used in subcellular localization study of seven AsFAD2 genes.
X-ray Study of Seventy-nine Distant Clusters of Galaxies: Discovery of Two Classes of Cluster Size
Creators: name: Ota, Naomi
name: Mitsuda, Kazuhisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed a uniform analysis of 79 clusters of galaxies with the ROSAT HRI and ASCA to study the X-ray structure and evolution of clusters in the redshift range 0.1 < z < 1. We determined the average X-ray temperatures and the bolometric luminosities with ASCA and the spatial distributions of the X-ray brightness with the ROSAT HRI by utilizing the isothermal beta-model. We do not find any significant redshift dependence in the X-ray parameters including the temperature, beta-model parameters, and the central electron density. Among the parameters, the core radius shows the largest cluster-to-cluster dispersions. We discovered that the histogram of the core radius shows two peaks at 60 and 220 kpc. If we divide the cluster samples into two subgroups corresponding to the two peaks in the core radius distribution, they show differences in the X-ray and optical morphologies and in the X-ray luminosity temperature relation. From these observational results, we suggest that the clusters are divided into at least two subgroups according to the core radius.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Quality Choices in a Vertical Structure: National Brands vs Private Labels in Grocery Retailing
Creators: name: Fousekis, Panos
name: Fousekis, Panos
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Quality Choice
subject: ational Brand
subject: Private Label

description: The paper analyzes quality choices in a vertical structure involving a monopolist food manufacturer (national brand-NB producer) and a monopolist retailer supplying both the national brand as well as a private label (PL). The analysis is based on a threestage dynamic game. According to the results, in the Nash equilibrium the two players choose the maximum possible qualities for their products. This means that the B food manufacturer seeks the maximum product differentiation, while the LP retailer seeks the minimum product differentiation. The behavior of the two players appears to be consistent with actual developments in the food markets as well as with earlier empirical studies documenting the efforts of NB food manufacturers to increase product differentiation.
Steopa bauhiniae
Creators: name: Xue, Xiao-Feng
name: Zhang, Zhi-Qiang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Actinedida
Diptilomiopidae
Steopa
Steopa bauhiniae

description: Steopa bauhiniae (Chandrapatya & Boczek, 2001)
 Vimola bauhiniae Chandrapatya & Boczek, 2001c: 121–123.
 Steopa bauhiniae; Amrine et al., 2003: 143.
 Host. Bauhinia purpurea (Fabaceae).
 Habit. Vagrant.
 Distribution. Thailand (Songkhla).
description: Published as part of Xue, Xiao-Feng & Zhang, Zhi-Qiang, 2009, 2257, pp. 1-128 in Zootaxa 2257 on page 100
Using Students in a State University for a Pilot Study When Designing a Sample for a State Survey
Creators: name: Nybroten, Norman
name: Nybroten, Norman
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1950
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: There is a constant need for new techniques of marketing research. In this article the author reports and evaluates the use of a preliminary investigation among the students of a State university to gain knowledge about how to design a State-wide survey.
Renormalization of the Mott gap by lattice entropy: The case of 1T-TaS2
Creators: name: Cheng, Li
name: Zhang, Shunhong
name: Qiao, Shuang
name: Wang, Xiaofeng
name: Liu, Lizhao
name: Liu, Zheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In many transition-metal oxides and dichalcogenides, the electronic and lattice degrees of freedom are strongly coupled, giving rise to remarkable phenomena, such as metal-insulator transition (MIT) and charge-density wave (CDW) order. We study this interplay by tracing the instant electronic structure under ab initio molecular dynamics. Applying this method to a 1T-TaS2 layer, we show that the CDW-triggered Mott gap undergoes a continuous reduction as the lattice temperature raises, despite a nearly constant CDW amplitude. Before the CDW order undergoes a sharp first-order transition around the room temperature, the dynamical CDW fluctuation already shrinks the Mott gap size by half. The gap size reduction is one order of magnitude larger than the lattice temperature variation. Our calculation not only provides an important clue to understand the thermodynamics behavior in 1T-TaS2, but also demonstrates a general approach to quantify the lattice entropy effect in MIT.
Dissipative quantum theory: Implications for quantum entanglement
Creators: name: Rajagopal, A. K.
name: Rendell, R. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three inter-related topics are discussed here. One, the Lindblad dynamics of quantum dissipative systems; two, quantum entanglement in composite systems and its quantification based on the Tsallis entropy; and three, robustness of entanglement under dissipation. After a brief review of the Lindblad theory of quantum dissipative systems and the idea of quantum entanglement in composite quantum systems illustrated by describing the three particle systems, the behavior of entanglement under the influence of dissipative processes is discussed. These issues are of importance in the discussion of quantum nanometric systems of current research.
description: 12 pages, 1 Table
Development of matrices abstract reasoning items to assess fluid intelligence
Creators: name: Chan, Fiona
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: human intelligence
computer adaptive testing
general intelligence
fluid intelligence
cognitive ability
cognitive ability test
automatic item generator
matrices reasoning

description: Matrices reasoning tests, which contain missing pieces in matrices that participants attempt to figure out, are one of the most popular types of tests to measure general intelligence. This thesis introduces several methods to develop matrices items, and presents them in different test forms to assess general intelligence. Part 1 introduces the development of a matrices test with reference to Carpenter’s five rules of Raven’s Progressive Matrices. The test items developed were administered together with the Standard Ravens’ Progressive Matrices (SPM). Results based on confirmatory factor analysis and inter-item correlation demonstrate good construct validity and reliability. Item characteristics are explored with Item-Response Theory (IRT) analyses. Part 2 introduces the development of a large item bank with multiple alternatives for each SPM item, with reference to the item components of the original SPM. Results showed satisfactory test validity and reliability when using the alternative items in a test. Findings also support the hypothesis that the combination of item components accounts for item difficulty. The work lays the foundation for the future development of computer adaptive versions of Raven’s Progressive Matrices. Part 3 introduces the development of an automatic matrix item generator and illustrates the results of the analyses of the items generated using the distribution-of-three rule. Psychometric properties of the items generated are explored to support the validity of the generator. Figural complexity, features, and the frequency at which certain rules were used are discussed to account for the difficulty of the items. Results of further analyses to explore the underlying factors of the difficulty of the generated items are presented and discussed. Results showed that the suggested factors explain a substantial amount of the variance of item difficulty, but are insufficient to predict the item difficulty. Adaptive on-the-fly item generation is yet to be possible for the test at this stage. Overall, the methods for creating matrices reasoning tests introduced in the dissertation provide a useful reference for research on abstract reasoning and fluid intelligence measurements. Implications for other areas of psychometric research are also discussed.
description: ESRC
Raman Scattering versus Infrared Conductivity: Evidence for one-dimensional Conduction in La_{2-x}Sr_{x}CuO_{4}
Creators: name: Venturini, F.
name: Zhang, Q. -M.
name: Hackl, R.
name: Lucarelli, A.
name: Lupi, S.
name: Ortolani, M.
name: Calvani, P.
name: Kikugawa, N.
name: Fujita, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Raman and Infrared (IR) spectra of an underdoped La_{1.90}Sr_{0.10}CuO_{4} single crystal have been measured as a function of temperature. Both techniques provide unconventional low-energy spectra. The IR conductivity exhibits features peaked at finite frequencies which do not have a counterpart in the Raman response. Below approximately 100 K a transfer of both Raman and IR spectral weight towards lower energies is found and a new component in the Raman response builds up being characterized by a very long lifetime of electrons propagating along the Cu-O bonds.
description: 4 pages, 3 eps figures
Suthamus Chandrapatya & Boczek 2000
Creators: name: Xue, Xiao-Feng
name: Zhang, Zhi-Qiang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Actinedida
Diptilomiopidae
Suthamus

description: Suthamus Chandrapatya & Boczek, 2000
 Type species. Suthamus chiangmi Chandrapatya & Boczek, 2000b: 151, 152–153.
 Diagnosis. Body fusiform; gnathosoma large, abruptly curved and bent down near base; scapular setae (sc) present; genu setae absent from both legs, leg II with 5 segments, empodium divided; coxae I and coxae II each with 3 setae.
 This genus is monotypic (Amrine et al. 2003).
description: Published as part of Xue, Xiao-Feng & Zhang, Zhi-Qiang, 2009, 2257, pp. 1-128 in Zootaxa 2257 on page 100
Higher Order Topological Insulator via Periodic Driving
Creators: name: Ghosh, Arnob Kumar
name: Paul, Ganesh C.
name: Saha, Arijit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate a periodically driven semimetal based on a square lattice. The possibility of engineering both Floquet Topological Insulator featuring Floquet edge states and Floquet higher order topological insulating phase, accommodating topological corner modes has been demonstrated starting from the semimetal phase, based on Floquet Hamiltonian picture. Topological phase transition takes place in the bulk quasi-energy spectrum with the variation of the drive amplitude where Chern number changes sign from $+1$ to $-1$. This can be attributed to broken time-reversal invariance ($\mathcal{T}$) due to circularly polarized light. When the discrete four-fold rotational symmetry ($\mathcal{C}_4$) is also broken by adding a Wilson mass term along with broken $\mathcal{T}$, higher order topological insulator (HOTI), hosting in-gap modes at all the corners, can be realized. The Floquet quadrupolar moment, calculated with the Floquet states, exhibits a quantized value of $ 0.5$ (modulo 1) identifying the HOTI phase. We also show the emergence of the {\it{dressed corner modes}} at quasi-energy $ω/2$ (remnants of zero modes in the quasi-static high frequency limit), where $ω$ is the driving frequency, in the intermediate frequency regime.
description: This is the published version
The SIGMORPHON 2019 Shared Task: Morphological Analysis in Context and Cross-Lingual Transfer for Inflection
Creators: name: McCarthy, Arya D.
name: Vylomova, Ekaterina
name: Wu, Shijie
name: Malaviya, Chaitanya
name: Wolf-Sonkin, Lawrence
name: Nicolai, Garrett
name: Kirov, Christo
name: Silfverberg, Miikka
name: Mielke, Sabrina J.
name: Heinz, Jeffrey
name: Cotterell, Ryan
name: Hulden, Mans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The SIGMORPHON 2019 shared task on cross-lingual transfer and contextual analysis in morphology examined transfer learning of inflection between 100 language pairs, as well as contextual lemmatization and morphosyntactic description in 66 languages. The first task evolves past years' inflection tasks by examining transfer of morphological inflection knowledge from a high-resource language to a low-resource language. This year also presents a new second challenge on lemmatization and morphological feature analysis in context. All submissions featured a neural component and built on either this year's strong baselines or highly ranked systems from previous years' shared tasks. Every participating team improved in accuracy over the baselines for the inflection task (though not Levenshtein distance), and every team in the contextual analysis task improved on both state-of-the-art neural and non-neural baselines.
description: Presented at SIGMORPHON 2019
Suthamus chiangmi Chandrapatya & Boczek 2000
Creators: name: Xue, Xiao-Feng
name: Zhang, Zhi-Qiang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Actinedida
Diptilomiopidae
Suthamus
Suthamus chiangmi

description: Suthamus chiangmi Chandrapatya & Boczek, 2000 (Fig. 4E)
 Suthamus chiangmi Chandrapatya & Boczek, 2000b: 151, 152–153.
 Host. Parinari anamensis (Rosaceae).
 Habit. Vagrant.
 Distribution. Thailand (Chiang Mai).
description: Published as part of Xue, Xiao-Feng & Zhang, Zhi-Qiang, 2009, 2257, pp. 1-128 in Zootaxa 2257 on pages 100-101
Fourth-order moment of the light field in atmosphere
Creators: name: Baskov, Roman
name: Chumak, Oleksandr O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quasiclassical distribution function for photon density in the phase space is obtained from solution of the kinetic equation. This equation describes propagation of paraxial laser beams in the Earth atmosphere where "collision integral" embodies the influence of turbulence. The anisotropy of photon distribution is shown and explained. For long propagation path, the explicit expression for fourth-order moment of light is obtained as a sum of linear and quadratic forms of the average distribution function. This moment describes a spatial correlation of four light waves, giving the information about the photon distribution in the cross-section of the beam. The fourth moment can be measured using two small detectors outside the central part of the beam. The linear form describes the shot noise (quantum fluctuations) of photons. The range where the shot noise exceeds the classical noise is found analytically. Derived photon fluctuations are the valuable source of information about statistical properties and local structure of the laser radiation that can be used for applications.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
MOESM5 of Chemokines modulate the tumour microenvironment in pituitary neuroendocrine tumours
Creators: name: Marques, Pedro
name: Sayka Barry
name: Carlsen, Eivind
name: Collier, David
name: Ronaldson, Amy
name: Sherine Awad
name: Dorward, Neil
name: Grieve, Joan
name: Mendoza, Nigel
name: Samiul Muquit
name: Grossman, Ashley
name: Balkwill, Frances
name: Korbonits, Márta
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 5: Table S2. Cytokine secretome from the 24 human PitNETs-derived cell culture supernatants. PitNETs-derived supernatants were collected at 24 h on serum-free medium conditions and cytokine secretome determined with the human Millipore MILLIPLEX cytokine 42-plex array. Data are shown as mean concentration (pg/mL) ± standard error of the mean (SEM) for all detectable cytokines/ chemokines/ growth factors. IL-1ra, IL-2, IL-3, IL-5, IL-7, IL-9, IL-13, CCL7, sCD40L, TNF-β and TGF-α were undetectable in PitNETs-derived supernatants.
Detecting and Studying High-Energy Collider Neutrinos with FASER at the LHC
Creators: name: FASER Collaboration
name: Abreu, Henso
name: Antel, Claire
name: Ariga, Akitaka
name: Ariga, Tomoko
name: Boyd, Jamie
name: Cadoux, Franck
name: Casper, David W.
name: Chen, Xin
name: Coccaro, Andrea
name: Dozen, Candan
name: Denton, Peter B.
name: Favre, Yannick
name: Feng, Jonathan L.
name: Ferrere, Didier
name: Galon, Iftah
name: Gibson, Stephen
name: Gonzalez-Sevilla, Sergio
name: Hsu, Shih-Chieh
name: Hu, Zhen
name: Iacobucci, Giuseppe
name: Jakobsen, Sune
name: Jansky, Roland
name: Kajomovitz, Enrique
name: Kling, Felix
name: Kuehn, Susanne
name: Levinson, Lorne
name: Li, Congqiao
name: McFayden, 1 Josh
name: Meehan, Sam
name: Neuhaus, Friedemann
name: Otono, Hidetoshi
name: Petersen, Brian
name: Pikhartova, Helena
name: Queitsch-Maitland, Michaela
name: Sato, Osamu
name: Schmieden, Kristof
name: Schott, Matthias
name: Sfyrla, Anna
name: Shively, Savannah
name: Smolinsky, Jordan
name: Soffa, Aaron M.
name: Takubo, Yosuke
name: Torrence, Eric
name: Trojanowski, Sebastian
name: Wilkinson, Callum
name: Zhang, Dengfeng
name: Zhang, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutrinos are copiously produced at particle colliders, but no collider neutrino has ever been detected. Colliders, and particularly hadron colliders, produce both neutrinos and anti-neutrinos of all flavors at very high energies, and they are therefore highly complementary to those from other sources. FASER, the recently approved Forward Search Experiment at the Large Hadron Collider, is ideally located to provide the first detection and study of collider neutrinos. We investigate the prospects for neutrino studies of a proposed component of FASER, FASER$ν$, a 25cm x 25cm x 1.35m emulsion detector to be placed directly in front of the FASER spectrometer in tunnel TI12. FASER$ν$ consists of 1000 layers of emulsion films interleaved with 1-mm-thick tungsten plates, with a total tungsten target mass of 1.2 tons. We estimate the neutrino fluxes and interaction rates at FASER$ν$, describe the FASER$ν$ detector, and analyze the characteristics of the signals and primary backgrounds. For an integrated luminosity of 150 fb$^{-1}$ to be collected during Run 3 of the 14 TeV Large Hadron Collider from 2021-23, and assuming standard model cross sections, approximately 1300 electron neutrinos, 20,000 muon neutrinos, and 20 tau neutrinos will interact in FASER$ν$, with mean energies of 600 GeV to 1 TeV, depending on the flavor. With such rates and energies, FASER will measure neutrino cross sections at energies where they are currently unconstrained, will bound models of forward particle production, and could open a new window on physics beyond the standard model.
description: Version published in EPJ C
Energy-based analysis and anisotropic spectral distribution of internal gravity waves in strongly stratified turbulence
Creators: name: Yokoyama, Naoto
name: Takaoka, Masanori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stratified turbulence shows scale- and direction-dependent anisotropy and the coexistence of weak turbulence of internal gravity waves and strong turbulence of eddies. Straightforward application of standard analyses developed in isotropic turbulence sometimes masks important aspects of the anisotropic turbulence. To capture detailed structures of the energy distribution in the wave-number space, it is indispensable to examine the energy distribution with non-integrated spectra by fixing the codimensional wave-number component or in the two-dimensional domain spanned by both the horizontal and vertical wave numbers. Indices which separate the range of the anisotropic weak-wave turbulence in the wave-number space are proposed based on the decomposed energies. In addition, the dominance of the waves in the range is also verified by the small frequency deviation from the linear dispersion relation. In the wave-dominant range, the linear wave periods given by the linear dispersion relation are smaller than approximately one third of the eddy-turnover time. The linear wave periods reflect the anisotropy of the system, while the isotropic Brunt-Väisälä period is used to evaluate the Ozmidov wave number, which is necessarily isotropic. It is found that the time scales in consideration of the anisotropy of the flow field must be appropriately selected to obtain the critical wave number separating the weak-wave turbulence.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures
Patterson Function from Low-Energy Electron Diffraction Measured Intensities and Structural Discrimination
Creators: name: Rogero, Celia
name: Martin-Gago, Jose-Angel
name: de Andres, Pedro L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Surface Patterson Functions have been derived by direct inversion of experimental Low-Energy Electron Diffraction I-V spectra measured at multiple incident angles. The direct inversion is computationally simple and can be used to discriminate between different structural models. 1x1 YSi_2 epitaxial layers grown on Si(111) have been used to illustrate the analysis. We introduce a suitable R-factor for the Patterson Function to make the structural discrimination as objective as possible. From six competing models needed to complete the geometrical search, four could easily be discarded, achieving a very significant and useful reduction in the parameter space to be explored by standard dynamical LEED methods. The amount and quality of data needed for this analysis is discussed.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Marginal Abatement Cost Curves and the Optimal Timing of Mitigation Measures
Creators: name: Vogt-Schilb, Adrien
name: Hallegatte, Stéphane
name: Vogt-Schilb, Adrien
name: Hallegatte, Stéphane
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Climate Change Mitigation
subject: Dynamic Efficiency
subject: Inertia
subject: Sectoral Policies

description: Decision makers facing abatement targets need to decide which abatement measures to implement, and in which order. Measure-explicit marginal abatement cost curves depict the cost and abating potential of available mitigation options. Using a simple intertemporal optimization model, we demonstrate why this information is not su_cient to design emission reduction strategies. Because the measures required to achieve ambitious emission reductions cannot be implemented overnight, the optimal strategy to reach a short-term target depends on longer-term targets. For instance, the best strategy to achieve European's -20% by 2020 target may be to implement some expensive, high-potential, and long-to-implement options required to meet the -75% by 2050 target. Using just the cheapest abatement options to reach the 2020 target can create a carbonintensive lock-in and make the 2050 target too expensive to reach. Designing mitigation policies requires information on the speed at which various measures to curb greenhouse gas emissions can be implemented, in addition to the information on the costs and potential of such measures provided by marginal abatement cost curves.
MOESM4 of Chemokines modulate the tumour microenvironment in pituitary neuroendocrine tumours
Creators: name: Marques, Pedro
name: Sayka Barry
name: Carlsen, Eivind
name: Collier, David
name: Ronaldson, Amy
name: Sherine Awad
name: Dorward, Neil
name: Grieve, Joan
name: Mendoza, Nigel
name: Samiul Muquit
name: Grossman, Ashley
name: Balkwill, Frances
name: MÃ¡Rta Korbonits
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Additional file 4: Table S1. Primary antibodies and respective dilutions used for immunohistochemical (IHC) and immunofluorescence (IF) studies.
Topics in gravity SCET: the diff Wilson lines and reparametrization invariance
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Sabyasachi
name: Okui, Takemichi
name: Yunesi, Arash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two topics in soft collinear effective theory (SCET) for gravitational interactions are explored. First, the collinear Wilson lines---necessary building blocks for maintaining multiple copies of diffeomorphism invariance in gravity SCET---are extended to all orders in the SCET expansion parameter $λ$, where it has only been known to $O(λ)$ in the literature. Second, implications of reparametrization invariance (RPI) for the structure of gravity SCET lagrangians are studied. The utility of RPI is illustrated by an explicit example in which $O(λ^2)$ hard interactions of a collinear graviton are completely predicted by RPI from its $O(λ)$ hard interactions. It is also pointed out that the multiple diffeomorphism invariances and RPI together require certain relations among $O(λ)$ terms, thereby reducing the number of $O(λ)$ terms that need to be fixed by matching onto the full theory in the first place.
description: Minor additions included, accepted for publication in Phys. ReV. D
Nonlinear Motion in Electromagnetic Fields via Multiscale Expansions
Creators: name: Fedorova, Antonina N.
name: Zeitlin, Michael G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The consideration of dynamics of relativistic beams/particles is based on variational approach to rational (in dynamical variables) approximation for equations of motions. It allows to control contribution from each scale of underlying multiscales and represent solutions via exact nonlinear eigenmodes expansions. Our approach is based on methods provided possibility to work with well-localized bases in phase space and good convergence properties of the corresponding expansions.
description: 3 pages, presented at GAMM Meeting, February, 2001, ETH, Zurich; changed margins for printing
Faint rapid red transients from Neutron star -- CO white-dwarf mergers
Creators: name: Zenati, Yossef
name: Bobrick, Alexey
name: Perets, Hagai B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mergers of neutron stars (NS) and white dwarfs (WD) may give rise to observable explosive transient events. We use 3D hydrodynamical (SPH) simulations, as well as 2D hydrodynamical-thermonuclear simulations (using the FLASH AMR code) to model the disruption of CO-WDs by NSs, which produce faint transient events. We post-process the simulations using a large nuclear network and make use of the SuperNu radiation-transfer code to predict the observational signatures and detailed properties of these transients. We calculate the light-curves (LC) and spectra for five models of NS - CO-WD mergers. The small yields of Ni56 (few x 0.001Msun) results in faint, rapidly-evolving reddened transients (RRTs) with B (R) - peak magnitudes of ~ -12 (-13) to ~ -13 (-15), much shorter and fainter than both regular and faint/peculiar type-Ia SNe. We show that the spectra of RRTs share some similarities with rapidly - evolving transients such as SN2010x, though RRTs are significantly fainter, especially in the I/R bands, and show far stronger Si lines. We estimate that the upcoming Large Synoptic Survey Telescope could detect RRTs at a rate of ~ 10 - 70 yr^-1, through observations in the R/I bands.
description: Accepted for publication by MNRAS
VarAD: Lightweight High-Resolution Image Anomaly Detection via Visual Autoregressive Modeling
Creators: name: Cao, Yunkang
name: Yao, Haiming
name: Luo, Wei
name: Shen, Weiming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper addresses a practical task: High-Resolution Image Anomaly Detection (HRIAD). In comparison to conventional image anomaly detection for low-resolution images, HRIAD imposes a heavier computational burden and necessitates superior global information capture capacity. To tackle HRIAD, this paper translates image anomaly detection into visual token prediction and proposes VarAD based on visual autoregressive modeling for token prediction. Specifically, VarAD first extracts multi-hierarchy and multi-directional visual token sequences, and then employs an advanced model, Mamba, for visual autoregressive modeling and token prediction. During the prediction process, VarAD effectively exploits information from all preceding tokens to predict the target token. Finally, the discrepancies between predicted tokens and original tokens are utilized to score anomalies. Comprehensive experiments on four publicly available datasets and a real-world button inspection dataset demonstrate that the proposed VarAD achieves superior high-resolution image anomaly detection performance while maintaining lightweight, rendering VarAD a viable solution for HRIAD. Code is available at \href{https://github.com/caoyunkang/VarAD}{\url{https://github.com/caoyunkang/VarAD}}.
description: Accepted by IEEE TII
Deep Context Maps: Agent Trajectory Prediction using Location-specific Latent Maps
Creators: name: Gilitschenski, Igor
name: Rosman, Guy
name: Gupta, Arjun
name: Karaman, Sertac
name: Rus, Daniela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose a novel approach for agent motion prediction in cluttered environments. One of the main challenges in predicting agent motion is accounting for location and context-specific information. Our main contribution is the concept of learning context maps to improve the prediction task. Context maps are a set of location-specific latent maps that are trained alongside the predictor. Thus, the proposed maps are capable of capturing location context beyond visual context cues (e.g. usual average speeds and typical trajectories) or predefined map primitives (such as lanes and stop lines). We pose context map learning as a multi-task training problem and describe our map model and its incorporation into a state-of-the-art trajectory predictor. In extensive experiments, it is shown that use of learned maps can significantly improve predictor accuracy. Furthermore, the performance can be additionally boosted by providing partial knowledge of map semantics.
A network-based microfoundation of Granovetter's threshold model for social tipping
Creators: name: Wiedermann, Marc
name: Smith, E. Keith
name: Heitzig, Jobst
name: Donges, Jonathan F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Social tipping, where minorities trigger larger populations to engage in collective action, has been suggested as one key aspect in addressing contemporary global challenges. Here, we refine Granovetter's widely acknowledged theoretical threshold model of collective behavior as a numerical modelling tool for understanding social tipping processes and resolve issues that so far have hindered such applications. Based on real-world observations and social movement theory, we group the population into certain or potential actors, such that -- in contrast to its original formulation -- the model predicts non-trivial final shares of acting individuals. Then, we use a network cascade model to explain and analytically derive that previously hypothesized broad threshold distributions emerge if individuals become active via social interaction. Thus, through intuitive parameters and low dimensionality our refined model is adaptable to explain the likelihood of engaging in collective behavior where social tipping like processes emerge as saddle-node bifurcations and hysteresis.
Normal Shock Wave-Boundary Layer Interactions in Transonic Intakes at Incidence
Creators: name: Coschignano, Andrea
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: Aerodynamics
Intakes
Shock waves
Boundary layers

description: During take-off, the aerodynamic performance of a transonic engine intake is dominated by the flow-field over the nacelle lower lip, around which the flow might accelerate to supersonic speeds. A shock wave might appear and impinge on the incoming boundary layer. Flow separation may result from this interaction, leading to severe flow distortion. In order to maximise fuel efficiency by reducing aerodynamic drag, slimmer nacelle designs are currently being pursued by manufacturers. Understanding the impact of design choices on the development of shock-wave boundary layer interactions (SBLI) is crucial, as these phenomena have a severe effect on the stability of the flow inside the nacelle. The available literature is rather scarce and unable to assess the nature and severity of SBLIs, which remain to be addressed in the context of nacelles at incidence. To address this shortcoming, a novel experimental rig has been designed exclusively to assess the detrimental effects resulting from shock-induced separation for a number of intake lip shapes and inflow conditions. For the reference intake shape, the flow field around the lower lip during on-design take-off conditions was found to be relatively benign, with minimal shock-induced separation. As incidence is increased by 2◦, from the reference incidence of 23◦, this separation gets noticeably larger and unsteadiness develops. The downstream boundary layer is more distorted and reflects the losses across the interaction. This is exacerbated at even higher incidence. Increasing the mass flow rate over the lip up to 15% of the initial value had only minor effects on performance. The parametric investigation revealed a significant effect of lip shape on the position and severity of the SBLI. In particular, a slimmer nacelle performed poorly, favouring shock development very close to the lip nose and promoting large scale separation as the incidence increases. From correlation studies based on the parametric investigation, it appears that the extent of shock-induced separation is the main factor affecting the aerodynamic performance. Somewhat surprisingly, this was found to be independent of shock strength but potentially related to the severity of the diffusion downstream of the shock. Alongside delaying flow reattachment, this diffusion is also likely to have a direct detrimental effect on the boundary layer development close to the engine fan.
description: EPSRC
Sivers Asymmetry in Photoproduction of $J/ψ$ and Jet at the EIC
Creators: name: Kishore, Raj
name: Mukherjee, Asmita
name: Rajesh, Sangem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the Sivers asymmetry in the photoproduction of almost back-to-back $J/ψ$-jet pair in the process $ep^\uparrow \to J/ψ+\mathrm{jet}+X$, which will be possible at the future planned electron-ion collider (EIC). We use the framework of generalized parton model (GPM), and NRQCD for calculating the $J/ψ$ production rate. We include contributions from both color singlet and color octate states in the asymmetry. We obtain sizable Sivers asymmetry that can be promising to determine the gluon Sivers function. We also investigate the effect of TMD evolution on the asymmetry.
description: Version to appear in PRD
Conformal Correlation Functions, Frobenius Algebras and Triangulations
Creators: name: Fuchs, J.
name: Runkel, I.
name: Schweigert, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate two-dimensional rational conformal field theory as a natural generalization of two-dimensional lattice topological field theory. To this end we lift various structures from complex vector spaces to modular tensor categories. The central ingredient is a special Frobenius algebra object A in the modular category that encodes the Moore-Seiberg data of the underlying chiral CFT. Just like for lattice TFTs, this algebra is itself not an observable quantity. Rather, Morita equivalent algebras give rise to equivalent theories. Morita equivalence also allows for a simple understanding of T-duality. We present a construction of correlators, based on a triangulation of the world sheet, that generalizes the one in lattice TFTs. These correlators are modular invariant and satisfy factorization rules. The construction works for arbitrary orientable world sheets, in particular for surfaces with boundary. Boundary conditions correspond to representations of the algebra A. The partition functions on the torus and on the annulus provide modular invariants and NIM-reps of the fusion rules, respectively.
description: 17 pages, LaTeX2e; v2: more references and Note added in proof
Thailandus Chandrapatya 1997
Creators: name: Xue, Xiao-Feng
name: Zhang, Zhi-Qiang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Actinedida
Diptilomiopidae
Thailandus

description: Thailandus Chandrapatya, 1997
 Type species. Thailandus diospyrosae Chandrapatya in Chandrapatya & Boczek, 1997b: 24, 26, 27.
 Diagnosis. Body fusiform; gnathosoma large, abruptly curved and bent down near base; scapular setae (sc) present; genual setae absent from both legs, paraxial tibial seta (l’) absent, empodium divided; coxae I and coxae II each with 3 setae; opisthosoma with 3 ridges, setae c2 absent, setae e absent.
 This genus is monotypic (Amrine et al. 2003).
description: Published as part of Xue, Xiao-Feng & Zhang, Zhi-Qiang, 2009, 2257, pp. 1-128 in Zootaxa 2257 on page 101
Damping of long-wavelength collective excitations in quasi-onedimensional Fermi liquids
Creators: name: Capurro, F.
name: Polini, M.
name: Tosi, M. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The imaginary part of the exchange-correlation kernel in the longitudinal current-current response function of a quasi-onedimensional Fermi liquid is evaluated by an approximate decoupling in the equation of motion for the current density, which accounts for processes of excitation of two particle-hole pairs. The two-pair spectrum determines the intrinsic damping rate of long-wavelength collective density fluctuations, which is calculated and contrasted with a result previously obtained for a clean Luttinger liquid.
description: 9 pages, no figures, Physica B in press