cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Studies of opinion stability for small dynamic networks with opportunistic agents
Creators: name: Sobkowicz, Pawel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are numerous examples of societies with extremely stable mix of contrasting opinions. We argue that this stability is a result of an interplay between society network topology adjustment and opinion changing processes. To support this position we present a computer model of opinion formation based on some novel assumptions, designed to bring the model closer to social reality. In our model, the agents, in addition to changing their opinions due to influence of the rest of society and external propaganda, have the ability to modify their social network, forming links with agents sharing the same opinions and cutting the links with those they disagree with. To improve the model further we divide the agents into `fanatics' and `opportunists', depending on how easy is to change their opinions. The simulations show significant differences compared to traditional models, where network links are static. In particular, for the dynamical model where inter-agent links are adjustable, the final network structure and opinion distribution is shown to resemble real world observations, such as social structures and persistence of minority groups even when most of the society is against them and the propaganda is strong.
description: Revised version accepted by International Journal of Modern Physics C Added analysis, references and a new figure
R&D on GEM detectors for forward tracking at a future Electron-Ion Collider
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016
Subjects: physics.ins-det
hep-ex
nucl-ex

description: © 2015 IEEE. We report the status of R&D on large triple-GEM detectors for a forward tracker (FT) in an experiment at a future Electron Ion Collider (EIC) that will improve our understanding of QCD. We have designed a detector prototype specifically targeted for the EIC-FT, which has a trapezoidal shape with 30.1° opening angle. We are investigating different detector assembly techniques and signal readout technologies, but have designed a common GEM foil to minimize NRE cost for foil production. The assembly techniques comprise either a purely mechanical method including foil stretching as pioneered by CMS but with certain modifications, or gluing foils to frames that are then assembled mechanically, or gluing foils to frames that are then glued together. The first two assembly techniques allow for re-opening chambers so that a GEM foil can be replaced if it is damaged. For readout technologies, we are pursuing a cost-effective one-dimensional readout with wide zigzag strips that maintains reasonable spatial resolution, as well two-dimensional readouts - one with stereo-angle (u-v) strips and another with r-φ strips. In addition, we aim at an overall low-mass detector design to facilitate good energy resolution for electrons scattered at low momenta. We present design for GEM foils and other detector parts, which we plan to entirely acquire from U.S. companies.
Compressive Inverse Scattering II. SISO Measurements with Born scatterers
Creators: name: Fannjiang, Albert C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inverse scattering methods capable of compressive imaging are proposed and analyzed. The methods employ randomly and repeatedly (multiple-shot) the single-input-single-output (SISO) measurements in which the probe frequencies, the incident and the sampling directions are related in a precise way and are capable of recovering exactly scatterers of sufficiently low sparsity. For point targets, various sampling techniques are proposed to transform the scattering matrix into the random Fourier matrix. The results for point targets are then extended to the case of localized extended targets by interpolating from grid points. In particular, an explicit error bound is derived for the piece-wise constant interpolation which is shown to be a practical way of discretizing localized extended targets and enabling the compressed sensing techniques. For distributed extended targets, the Littlewood-Paley basis is used in analysis. A specially designed sampling scheme then transforms the scattering matrix into a block-diagonal matrix with each block being the random Fourier matrix corresponding to one of the multiple dyadic scales of the extended target. In other words by the Littlewood-Paley basis and the proposed sampling scheme the different dyadic scales of the target are decoupled and therefore can be reconstructed scale-by-scale by the proposed method. Moreover, with probes of any single frequency $\om$ the coefficients in the Littlewood-Paley expansion for scales up to $\om/(2π)$ can be exactly recovered.
description: Add a new section (Section 3) on localized extended targets
Structural proteins of Enterococcus faecalis bacteriophage φEf11
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Enterococcus faecalis
bacteriophage
phage ϕEf11

description: ϕEf11, a temperate Siphoviridae bacteriophage, was isolated by induction from a root canal isolate of Enterococcus faecalis. Sequence analysis suggested that the ϕEf11 genome included a contiguous 8 gene module whose function was related to head structure assembly and another module of 10 contiguous genes whose products were responsible for tail structure assembly. SDS-PAGE analysis of virions of a ϕEf11 derivative revealed 11 well-resolved protein bands. To unify the deduced functional gene assignments emanating from the DNA sequence data, with the structural protein analysis of the purified virus, 6 of the SDS-PAGE bands were subjected to mass spectrometry analysis. 5 of the 6 protein bands analyzed by mass spectrometry displayed identical amino acid sequences to those predicted to be specified by 4 of the ORFs identified in the ϕEf11 genome. These included: ORF8 (predicted scaffold protein), ORF10 (predicted major head protein), ORF15 (predicted major tail protein), and ORF23 (presumptive antireceptor).
Mitochondrial haplogroup influences motor function in long-term HIV-1-infected individuals
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Adult
Aged
Chronic Disease
Female
HIV Infections
HIV-1
Haplotypes
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Mitochondria
Motor Activity

description: © 2016 Azar et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Evolutionary divergence of the mitochondrial genome has given rise to distinct haplogroups. These haplogroups have arisen in specific geographical locations and are responsible for subtle functional changes in the mitochondria that may provide an evolutionary advantage in a given environment. Based on these functional differences, haplogroups could define disease susceptibility in chronic settings. In this study, we undertook a detailed neuropsychological analysis of a cohort of long-term HIV-1-infected individuals in conjunction with sequencing of their mitochondrial genomes. Stepwise regression analysis showed that the best model for predicting both working memory and declarative memory were age and years since diagnosis. In contrast, years since diagnosis and subhaplogroup were significantly predictive of psychomotor speed. Consistent with this, patients with haplogroup L3e obtained better scores on psychomotor speed and dexterity tasks when compared to the remainder of the cohort, suggesting that this haplogroup provides a protective advantage when faced with the combined stress of HIV-1 infection and long-term antiretroviral therapies. Differential performance on declarative memory tasks was noted for individuals with other sub-L haplogroups, but these differences were not as robust as the association between L3e and psychomotor speed and dexterity tasks. This work provides evidence that mitochondrial haplogroup is related to neuropsychological test performance among patients in chronic disease settings such as HIV-1 infection.
Commercial plant production and consumption still follow the latitudinal gradient in species diversity despite economic globalization
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Crop Production
Developing Countries
Food Supply
Internationality

description: © 2016 Nelson et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Increasing trade between countries and gains in income have given consumers around the world access to a richer and more diverse set of commercial plant products (i.e., foods and fibers produced by farmers). According to the economic theory of comparative advantage, countries open to trade will be able to consume more-in termsof volume and diversity-if they concentrate production on commodities that they can most cost-effectively produce, while importing goods that are expensive to produce, relative to other countries. Here, we performa global analysis of traded commercial plant products and find little evidence that increasing globalization has incentivized agricultural specialization. Instead, a country's plant production and consumption patterns are still largely determined by local evolutionary legacies of plant diversification. Because tropical countries harbor a greater diversity of lineages across the tree of life than temperate countries, tropical countries produce and consume a greater diversity of plant products than do temperate countries. In contrast, the richer and more economically advanced temperate countries have the capacity to produce and consume more plant species than the generally poorer tropical countries, yet this collection of plant species is drawn from fewer branches on the tree of life. Why have countries not increasingly specialized in plant production despite the theoretical financial incentive to do so? Potential explanations include the persistence of domestic agricultural subsidies that distort production decisions, cultural preferences for diverse local food production, and that diverse food production protects rural households in developing countries from food price shocks. Less specialized production patterns will make crop systems more resilient to zonal climatic and social perturbations,but this may come at the expense of global crop production efficiency, an important step in making the transition to a hotter and more crowded world.
Cannon–Thurston maps for hyperbolic free group extensions
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016
Subjects: math.GR
math.DS
math.GT
Primary 20F65, Secondary 57M, 37B, 37D

description: © 2016, Hebrew University of Jerusalem. This paper gives a detailed analysis of the Cannon–Thurston maps associated to a general class of hyperbolic free group extensions. Let F denote a free group of finite rank at least 3 and consider a convex cocompact subgroup Γ ≤ Out(F), i.e. one for which the orbit map from Γ into the free factor complex of F is a quasi-isometric embedding. The subgroup Γ determines an extension EΓof F, and the main theorem of Dowdall–Taylor [DT14] states that in this situation EΓis hyperbolic if and only if Γ is purely atoroidal. Here, we give an explicit geometric description of the Cannon–Thurston maps ∂F → ∂EΓfor these hyperbolic free group extensions, the existence of which follows from a general result of Mitra. In particular, we obtain a uniform bound on the multiplicity of the Cannon–Thurston map, showing that this map has multiplicity at most 2 rank(F). This theorem generalizes the main result of Kapovich and Lustig [KL15] which treats the special case where Γ is infinite cyclic. We also answer a question of Mahan Mitra by producing an explicit example of a hyperbolic free group extension for which the natural map from the boundary of Γ to the space of laminations of the free group (with the Chabauty topology) is not continuous.
Trans-Di-μ-acetato-[μ-N,N-bis-(diphenyl-phosphino)aniline] bis-[chlorido-molybdenum(II)](Mo - Mo)-dichloro-methane-tetra-hydro-furan (1/0.3/1.7)
Creators: name: Hapke, M.
name: Wöhl, A.
name: Peitz, S.
name: Spannenberg, A.
name: Rosenthal, U.
Publisher: name: Chester : International Union of Crystallography
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Crystal structure
subject: Chemistry
subject: Crystallography
subject: 540

description: The mol-ecular structure of the title compound, [Mo2(CH 3COO)2Cl2(C30H25NP 2)]·0.3CH2Cl2·1.7C 4H8O, features an Mo - Mo dumbbell bridged by two acetate groups which are trans to each other. Perpendicular to the plane spanned by the acetate groups, the Ph2PN(Ph)PPh2 ligand bridges both Mo atoms, having a P - N - P angle of 114.09 (19)°. In a trans position to the PNP ligand are two Cl atoms, one on each molybdenum centre. The Mo - Mo bond distance is 2.1161 (9) Å, within the range known for Mo - Mo quadruple bonds. The Mo complex is located on a crystallographic twofold rotation axis which runs through the N - C bond of the ligand. The site occupation factors of the disordered solvent molecules were fixed to 0.15 for dichloromethane and 0.85 for tetrahydrofuran. © 2009.
Is the use of a geotextile a necessary rehabilitation strategy to mitigate tailings contamination in soil cover materials? A 7-year field study
Creators: name: .Proto, Mariagrazia
name: COURTNEY, RONAN
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering
classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The potential pollution risk associated with poor management of mine tailings includes metal pollution of the surrounding environment from dusting and runoff. Thus, the establishment of a vegetation cover (rehabilitation) is viewed as an effective management strategy. Mine tailings can be inhibitory to plant growth due to their physico-chemical characteristics such as extreme pH, high salinity and potential high metal(loid) content, and the provision of a cover soil (≥ 30 cm) is usually recommended. This requires significant volumes of topsoil, which are often in limited supply at mine sites. An alternative may be the use of engineered soil (using organic and/or inorganic additives to improve physico-chemical properties) and placement of a barrier layer to prevent migration of tailings water or fines into the soil cover medium. Metal(loid)s content in soil cover treatments and vegetation uptake were evaluated after 7 years of rehabilitation in 1 m3 plots on a Pb/ Zn TSF. Final 30 cm covers included unamended tailings, subsoil material and subsoil amended with organic wastes (Spent Mushroom Compost (SMC) and Compost like output (CLO)). Treatments were divided into with/without geotextile inclusion. Soil samples were taken at 0–10 cm and 10–20 cm and analysed for pH, salinity (EC), and metal(loid)s/elements (As, Pb, Zn, Ca, Mg, Mn and, K) content. Vegetation was sampled after 1 yrs. growth (2015) and again after 7 years (2021) and analysed for their metal (loid)s/element content. Unamended tailings showed high metal(loid)s content at both depths, but concentrations were much lower in soil treatments. Herbage samples analysed in 2015 showed a higher concentration of metals than for 2021, highlighting the effectiveness and sustainability of amendments over a long period. Vegetation grown in unamended tailings showed the highest content of metal(loid)s, with significantly lower content in soil treatments. No significant difference was found for soil or vegetation metal(loid) content between geotextile inclusion/ exclusion. Results, highlight the relatively shallow soil covers without geotextile provide long term success with no evidence of metal(loid) contamination from underlying tailings.
Copper-iron bimetal ion-exchanged sapo-34 for NH3-scr of NOx
Creators: name: Doan, Tuan
name: Dam, Phong
name: Nguyen, Khang
name: Vuong, Thanh Huyen
name: Le, Minh Thang
name: Pham, Thanh Huyen
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Bimetal liquid ion-exchanged
subject: Cu-Fe/SAPO-34
subject: NH3-SCR
subject: NO reduction
subject: 540

description: SAPO-34 was prepared with a mixture of three templates containing triethylamine, tetraethylammonium hydroxide, and morpholine, which leads to unique properties for support and production cost reduction. Meanwhile, Cu/SAPO-34, Fe/SAPO-34, and Cu-Fe/SAPO-34 were prepared through the ion-exchanged method in aqueous solution and used for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with NH3. The physical structure and original crystal of SAPO-34 are maintained in the catalysts. Cu-Fe/SAPO-34 catalysts exhibit high NOx conversion in a broad temperature window, even in the presence of H2O. The physicochemical properties of synthesized samples were further characterized by various methods, including XRD, FE-SEM, EDS, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms, UV-Vis-DRS spectroscopy, NH3-TPD, H2-TPR, and EPR. The best catalyst, 3Cu-1Fe/SAPO-34 exhibited high NOx conversion (> 90%) in a wide temperature window of 250–600 °C, even in the presence of H2O. In comparison with mono-metallic samples, the 3Cu-1Fe/SAPO-34 catalyst had more isolated Cu2+ ions and additional oligomeric Fe3+ active sites, which mainly contributed to the higher capacity of NH3 and NOx adsorption by the enhancement of the number of acid sites as well as its greater reducibility. Therefore, this synergistic effect between iron and copper in the 3Cu-1Fe/SAPO-34 catalyst prompted higher catalytic performance in more extensive temperature as well as hydrothermal stability after iron incorporation. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Visual completion from 2D cross-sections: Implications for visual theory and STEM education and practice
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Amodal completion
Perception of 3D volumes
STEM education
Spatial reasoning

description: © 2016, The Author(s). Accurately inferring three-dimensional (3D) structure from only a cross-section through that structure is not possible. However, many observers seem to be unaware of this fact. We present evidence for a 3D amodal completion process that may explain this phenomenon and provide new insights into how the perceptual system processes 3D structures. Across four experiments, observers viewed cross-sections of common objects and reported whether regions visible on the surface extended into the object. If they reported that the region extended, they were asked to indicate the orientation of extension or that the 3D shape was unknowable from the cross-section. Across Experiments 1, 2, and 3, participants frequently inferred 3D forms from surface views, showing a specific prior to report that regions in the cross-section extend straight back into the object, with little variance in orientation. In Experiment 3, we examined whether 3D visual inferences made from cross-sections are similar to other cases of amodal completion by examining how the inferences were influenced by observers’ knowledge of the objects. Finally, in Experiment 4, we demonstrate that these systematic visual inferences are unlikely to result from demand characteristics or response biases. We argue that these 3D visual inferences have been largely unrecognized by the perception community, and have implications for models of 3D visual completion and science education.
Pixel Detectors for Charged Particles
Creators: name: Wermes, Norbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pixel Detectors, as the current technology of choice for the innermost vertex detection, have reached a stage at which large detectors have been built for the LHC experiments and a new era of developments, both for hybrid and for monolithic or semi-monolithic pixel detectors is in full swing. This is largely driven by the requirements of the upgrade programme for the superLHC and by other collider experiments which plan to use monolithic pixel detectors for the first time. A review on current pixel detector developments for particle tracking and vertexing is given, comprising hybrid pixel detectors for superLHC with its own challenges in radiation and rate, as well as on monolithic, so-called active pixel detectors, including MAPS and DEPFET pixels for RHIC and superBelle.
description: 19 pages, 23 drawings in 14 figures
A Policy Report Evaluating the National Assessment Program for Literacy and Numeracy (Naplan) Reform in Australia: The Impacts of High Stakes Assessment on Students
Creators: name: Zhang, Wenya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The National Assessment Program for Literacy and Numeracy (NAPLAN) Reform in Australia, launched in 2008, has emerged as the country's most significant and contentious reform. However, due to its high-stakes nature and standardization, testing presents various challenges. These challenges include the combination of accountability with the 'My School' website, overlooking higher-order cognitive abilities, exacerbating students' anxiety and stress, and creating inequity for Language Background Other Than English (LBOTE) students. This report assesses the achievements and obstacles of the NAPLAN reform, proposing recommendations such as transitioning to online testing, enhancing content and platforms, increasing public assessment literacy, and investing more in LBOTE education. These suggestions aim to strike a balance between standardized testing and authentic educational pursuits, adapting to the evolving needs of students to create a fair, inclusive educational environment that addresses the demands of the 21st century.
description: 11 pages;conference is the 14th International Conference on Computer Science and Information Technology (CCSIT 2024), September 21-22, 2024, Copenhagen, Denmark; published in Computer Science & Information Technology (CS & IT)
Learning to interpret topographic maps: Understanding layered spatial information
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Diagrammatic reasoning
Gesture
Speech
Topographic maps

description: © 2016, The Author(s). Abstract: Novices struggle to interpret maps that show information about continuous dimensions (typically latitude and longitude) layered with information that is inherently continuous but segmented categorically. An example is a topographic map, used in earth science disciplines as well as by hikers, emergency rescue operations, and other endeavors requiring knowledge of terrain. Successful comprehension requires understanding that continuous elevation information is categorically encoded using contour lines, as well as skill in visualizing the three-dimensional shape of the terrain from the contour lines. In Experiment 1, we investigated whether novices would benefit from pointing and tracing gestures that focus attention on contour lines and/or from three-dimensional shape gestures used in conjunction with three-dimensional models. Pointing and tracing facilitated understanding relative to text-only instruction as well as no instruction comparison groups, but shape gestures only helped understanding relative to the no instruction comparison group. Directing attention to the contour lines may help both in code breaking (seeing how the lines encode elevation) and in shape inference (seeing how the overall configuration of lines encodes shape). In Experiment 2, we varied the language paired with pointing and tracing gestures; key phrases focused either on elevation information or on visualizing shape. Participants did better on items regarding elevation when language highlighted elevation and better on items requiring shape when language highlighted shape. Thus, focusing attention using pointing and tracing gestures on contour lines may establish the foundation on which language can build to support learning.
Towards Efficient Orbital-Dependent Density Functionals for Weak and Strong Correlation
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016
Subjects: cond-mat.mtrl-sci
physics.chem-ph

description: © 2016 American Physical Society. We present a new paradigm for the design of exchange-correlation functionals in density-functional theory. Electron pairs are correlated explicitly by means of the recently developed second order Bethe-Goldstone equation (BGE2) approach. Here we propose a screened BGE2 (sBGE2) variant that efficiently regulates the coupling of a given electron pair. sBGE2 correctly dissociates H2 and H2+, a problem that has been regarded as a great challenge in density-functional theory for a long time. The sBGE2 functional is then taken as a building block for an orbital-dependent functional, termed ZRPS, which is a natural extension of the PBE0 hybrid functional. While worsening the good performance of sBGE2 in H2 and H2+, ZRPS yields a remarkable and consistent improvement over other density functionals across various chemical environments from weak to strong correlation.
Benchmark tests of a strongly constrained semilocal functional with a long-range dispersion correction
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016
Subjects: cond-mat.mtrl-sci
physics.chem-ph

description: © 2016 American Physical Society. The strongly constrained and appropriately normed (SCAN) semilocal density functional [J. Sun, A. Ruzsinszky, and J. P. Perdew, Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 036402 (2015)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.115.036402] obeys all 17 known exact constraints for meta-generalized-gradient approximations (meta-GGAs), and it includes some medium-range correlation effects. Long-range London dispersion interactions are still missing, but they can be accounted for via an appropriate correction scheme. In this study, we combine SCAN with an efficient London dispersion correction and show that lattice energies of simple organic crystals can be improved with the applied correction by 50%. The London-dispersion corrected SCAN meta-GGA outperforms all other tested London-dispersion corrected meta-GGAs for molecular geometries. Our method yields mean absolute deviations (MADs) for main group bond lengths that are consistently below 1 pm, rotational constants with MADs of 0.2%, and noncovalent distances with MADs below 1%. For a large database of general main group thermochemistry and kinetics (∼800 chemical species), one of the lowest weighted mean absolute deviations for long-range corrected meta-GGA functionals is achieved. Noncovalent interactions are of average quality, and hydrogen bonded systems in particular seem to suffer from overestimated polarization related to the self-interaction error of SCAN. We also discuss some consequences of numerical sensitivity encountered for meta-GGAs.
Superconductor to Mott insulator transition in YBa2 Cu3 O7 /LaCaMnO3 heterostructures
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016
Subjects: cond-mat.supr-con
cond-mat.str-el

description: © The Author(s) 2016. The superconductor-to-insulator transition (SIT) induced by means such as external magnetic fields, disorder or spatial confinement is a vivid illustration of a quantum phase transition dramatically affecting the superconducting order parameter. In pursuit of a new realization of the SIT by interfacial charge transfer, we developed extremely thin superlattices composed of high Tc superconductor YBa2 Cu3 O7 (YBCO) and colossal magnetoresistance ferromagnet La0.67 Ca0.33 MnO3 (LCMO). By using linearly polarized resonant X-ray absorption spectroscopy and magnetic circular dichroism, combined with hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, we derived a complete picture of the interfacial carrier doping in cuprate and manganite atomic layers, leading to the transition from superconducting to an unusual Mott insulating state emerging with the increase of LCMO layer thickness. In addition, contrary to the common perception that only transition metal ions may respond to the charge transfer process, we found that charge is also actively compensated by rare-earth and alkaline-earth metal ions of the interface. Such deterministic control of Tc by pure electronic doping without any hindering effects of chemical substitution is another promising route to disentangle the role of disorder on the pseudo-gap and charge density wave phases of underdoped cuprates.
A randomized trial to identify accurate and cost-effective fidelity measurement methods for cognitive-behavioral therapy: Project FACTS study protocol
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Treatment fidelity
Evidence-based practice
Implementation
Cost-effectiveness

description: © 2016 The Author(s). Background: This randomized trial will compare three methods of assessing fidelity to cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for youth to identify the most accurate and cost-effective method. The three methods include self-report (i.e., therapist completes a self-report measure on the CBT interventions used in session while circumventing some of the typical barriers to self-report), chart-stimulated recall (i.e., therapist reports on the CBT interventions used in session via an interview with a trained rater, and with the chart to assist him/her) and behavioral rehearsal (i.e., therapist demonstrates the CBT interventions used in session via a role-play with a trained rater). Direct observation will be used as the gold-standard comparison for each of the three methods. Methods/design: This trial will recruit 135 therapists in approximately 12 community agencies in the City of Philadelphia. Therapists will be randomized to one of the three conditions. Each therapist will provide data from three unique sessions, for a total of 405 sessions. All sessions will be audio-recorded and coded using the Therapy Process Observational Coding System for Child Psychotherapy-Revised Strategies scale. This will enable comparison of each measurement approach to direct observation of therapist session behavior to determine which most accurately assesses fidelity. Cost data associated with each method will be gathered. To gather stakeholder perspectives of each measurement method, we will use purposive sampling to recruit 12 therapists from each condition (total of 36 therapists) and 12 supervisors to participate in semi-structured qualitative interviews. Discussion: Results will provide needed information on how to accurately and cost-effectively measure therapist fidelity to CBT for youth, as well as important information about stakeholder perspectives with regard to each measurement method. Findings will inform fidelity measurement practices in future implementation studies as well as in clinical practice. Trial registration:NCT02820623 , June 3rd, 2016.
Simulations of MHD Instabilities in Intracluster Medium Including Anisotropic Thermal Conduction
Creators: name: Bogdanovic, Tamara
name: Reynolds, Christopher S.
name: Balbus, Steven A.
name: Parrish, Ian J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a suite of simulations of cooling cores in clusters of galaxies in order to investigate the effect of the recently discovered heat flux buoyancy instability (HBI) on the evolution of cores. Our models follow the 3-dimensional magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) of cooling cluster cores and capture the effects of anisotropic heat conduction along the lines of magnetic field, but do not account for the cosmological setting of clusters or the presence of AGN. Our model clusters can be divided into three groups according to their final thermodynamical state: catastrophically collapsing cores, isothermal cores, and an intermediate group whose final state is determined by the initial configuration of magnetic field. Modeled cores that are reminiscent of real cluster cores show evolution towards thermal collapse on a time scale which is prolonged by a factor of ~2-10 compared with the zero-conduction cases. The principal effect of the HBI is to re-orient field lines to be perpendicular to the temperature gradient. Once the field has been wrapped up onto spherical surfaces surrounding the core, the core is insulated from further conductive heating (with the effective thermal conduction suppressed to less than 1/100th of the Spitzer value) and proceeds to collapse. We speculate that, in real clusters, the central AGN and possibly mergers play the role of "stirrers," periodically disrupting the azimuthal field structure and allowing thermal conduction to sporadically heat the core.
description: 16 pages, 3 tables, 17 figures, accepted to ApJ with minor revisions, to appear in Volume 704, Oct 20, 2009 issue
Photoassociative production of ultracold heteronuclear YbLi∗ molecules
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016
Subjects: physics.atom-ph

description: © 2016 American Physical Society. We report on the production of ultracold heteronuclear YbLi∗ molecules in a dual-species magneto-optical trap by photoassociation (PA). The formation of the electronically excited molecules close to dissociation was observed by trap loss spectroscopy. We find 4 rovibrational states within a range of 250GHz below the Yb(S01)+Li(P1/22) asymptote and observe isotopic PA line shifts in mixtures of Li6 with Yb174, Yb172, and Yb176. We also describe our theoretical ab initio calculation for the relevant electronic potentials and utilize it to analyze and identify the lines in the experimentally observed spectrum.
An Approach to Ring Resonator Biosensing Assisted by Dielectrophoresis: Design, Simulation and Fabrication
Creators: name: Henriksson, Anders
name: Kasper, Laura
name: Jäger, Matthias
name: Neubauer, Peter
name: Birkholz, Mario
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biosensor
subject: Dielectrophoresis
subject: Mass transfer
subject: Micro fabrication
subject: Microring resonator
subject: Photonic sensor
subject: 620

description: The combination of extreme miniaturization with a high sensitivity and the potential to be integrated in an array form on a chip has made silicon-based photonic microring resonators a very attractive research topic. As biosensors are approaching the nanoscale, analyte mass transfer and bonding kinetics have been ascribed as crucial factors that limit their performance. One solution may be a system that applies dielectrophoretic forces, in addition to microfluidics, to overcome the diffusion limits of conventional biosensors. Dielectrophoresis, which involves the migration of polarized dielectric particles in a non-uniform alternating electric field, has previously been successfully applied to achieve a 1000-fold improved detection efficiency in nanopore sensing and may significantly increase the sensitivity in microring resonator biosensing. In the current work, we designed microring resonators with integrated electrodes next to the sensor surface that may be used to explore the effect of dielectrophoresis. The chip design, including two different electrode configurations, electric field gradient simulations, and the fabrication process flow of a dielectrohoresis-enhanced microring resonator-based sensor, is presented in this paper. Finite element method (FEM) simulations calculated for both electrode configurations revealed ?E2 values above 1017 V2m-3 around the sensing areas. This is comparable to electric field gradients previously reported for successful interactions with larger molecules, such as proteins and antibodies. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Three family unification in higher dimensional models
Creators: name: Mimura, Yukihiro
name: Nandi, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In orbifold models, gauge, Higgs and the matter fields can be unified in one multiplet from the compactification of higher dimensional supersymmetric gauge theory. We study how three families of chiral fermions can be unified in the gauge multiplet. The bulk gauge interaction includes the Yukawa interactions to generate masses for quarks and leptons after the electroweak symmetry is broken. The bulk Yukawa interaction has global or gauged flavor symmetry originating from the R symmetry or bulk gauge symmetry, and the Yukawa structure is restricted. When the global and gauged flavor symmetries are broken by orbifold compactification, the remaining gauge symmetry which contains the standard model gauge symmetry is restricted. The restrictions from the bulk flavor symmetries can provide explanations of fermion mass hierarchy.
description: 28 pages
Electroexcitation of the Δ+(1232) at low momentum transfer
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016
Subjects: CMR
Pion electroproduction
Nucleon deformation

description: © 2016 The Authors We report on new measurements at the resonance at the low momentum transfer region, where the mesonic cloud dynamics is predicted to be dominant and rapidly changing, offering a test bed for chiral effective field theory calculations. The new data explore the dependence of the resonant quadrupole amplitudes and for the first time indicate that the Electric and the Coulomb quadrupole amplitudes converge as. The measurements of the Coulomb quadrupole amplitude have been extended to the lowest momentum transfer ever reached, and suggest that more than half of its magnitude is attributed to the mesonic cloud in this region. The new data disagree with predictions of constituent quark models and are in reasonable agreement with dynamical calculations that include pion cloud effects, chiral effective field theory and lattice calculations. The measurements indicate that improvement is required to the theoretical calculations and provide valuable input that will allow their refinements.
Learning from the past - Protracted displacement in the post-World War II period
Creators: name: Kraler, Albert
name: Fourer, Margarita
name: Knudsen, Are John
name: Kwaks, Juul
name: Mielke, Katja
name: Noack, Marion
name: Tobin, Sarah
name: Wilson, Catherina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: history
protracted displacement
protracted refugee situations
refugees
IDPs
governance
mobility
Europe
East Africa
Horn of Africa
Middle East
South Asia

description: This working paper examines the history of the search for solutions to protracted displacement. Focusing specifically on the Horn of Africa, East Africa, the Middle East and South Asia, the paper analyses past policy responses that explicitly or implicitly address situations of extended exile. In addition, the paper examines the potential of translocal mobility and connectivity as an individual- or household-level solution to displacement. The concern to find solutions for long-term displacement situations has been a key driver for the evolution of the international refugee protection regime ever since its initiation in the interwar period. Yet, only more recently have these efforts crystallised around the notions of ‘durable solutions’ and ‘protracted displacement’. The emergence of the latter concept in the 1990s reflects challenges arising from the globalisation of the international refugee protection regime, the massive growth of displacement in the Global South and the increasingly limited availability of long-term solutions from the late 1970s onwards. From a historical perspective, efforts to resolve specific protracted displacement situations have been diverse, devised in response to both domestic and international constraints and opportunities. The current shift away from the conventional durable solutions—return, integration and resettlement—to less fixed solutions thus can be seen as a return to historically dominant practices of a more context-driven search for solutions. Research reviewed for this paper supports the TRAFIG project’s hypothesis that mobility and connectivity practices can help displaced persons cope with protracted displacement, and in some cases, find more durable solutions for themselves. Yet, both mobility and connectivity also have a stratifying effect, increasing the gap between those who have access to these and those who do not. Historically, different forms of assisted mobility for refugees to third countries have been instrumental in resolving particular displacement situations, such as in the interwar period, the post-World War II period and in Indo-China in the 1970s and 1980s. In the current context, neither organised mobility nor individual options for mobility are available to the same extent.
description: TRAFIG Working Paper No. 2
One dimensional Confinement of Electric Field and Humidity Dependent DNA Conductivity
Creators: name: Leveritt, J. M.
name: Tesar, S.
name: Dibaya, C.
name: Shrestha, R.
name: Burin, A. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dependence of DNA assemblies conductance on relative humidity is investigated theoretically. Following earlier suggestions, we consider the ionic conductivity through the layers of water adsorbed by DNA molecules. The increase in humidity results in a growing water layer. The binding energy of ions depends on the thickness of the water layer due to change in water polarization. This dependence is very strong at smaller thicknesses of water layers due to the low-dimensional confinement of an electric field in water. We show that the associated change in ion concentration can explain the six orders of magnitude increase in conductivity, with relative humidity growing from 0.05 to 0.95
description: 16 pages, 5 figures, published in Journal of Chemical Physics
Reply to Comment on Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 176601 (2021) by Lee and Yang
Creators: name: Zhao, Peng-Lu
name: Qiang, Xiao-Bin
name: Lu, Hai-Zhou
name: Xie, X. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this Reply, we respond to the comments in Phys. Rev. Lett. 130, 219702 (2023) on our Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 176601 (2021) ''Coulomb instabilities of a three-Dimensional higher-order topological insulator". We show the surface gap given in Phys. Rev. Lett. 130, 219701 (2023) is different from the expression derived by using the well-accepted approach and becomes divergent and singular at lower energies, thus is not suitable for depicting the phase transition from the 2nd-order to 1st-order topological insulator. We further show that a correct surface gap can describe the phase transition if the RG scheme treats the bulk gap as starting point. We justify our criteria in Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 176601 (2021) for both the transitions from 2nd-order topological insulator to 1st-order topological insulator and normal insulator.
description: 3 pages,1 figure. A long version with the detailed calculations
Freeze-In Production of FIMP Dark Matter
Creators: name: Hall, Lawrence J.
name: Jedamzik, Karsten
name: March-Russell, John
name: West, Stephen M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an alternate, calculable mechanism of dark matter genesis, "thermal freeze-in," involving a Feebly Interacting Massive Particle (FIMP) interacting so feebly with the thermal bath that it never attains thermal equilibrium. As with the conventional "thermal freeze-out" production mechanism, the relic abundance reflects a combination of initial thermal distributions together with particle masses and couplings that can be measured in the laboratory or astrophysically. The freeze-in yield is IR dominated by low temperatures near the FIMP mass and is independent of unknown UV physics, such as the reheat temperature after inflation. Moduli and modulinos of string theory compactifications that receive mass from weak-scale supersymmetry breaking provide implementations of the freeze-in mechanism, as do models that employ Dirac neutrino masses or GUT-scale-suppressed interactions. Experimental signals of freeze-in and FIMPs can be spectacular, including the production of new metastable coloured or charged particles at the LHC as well as the alteration of big bang nucleosynthesis.
description: 30 pages, 7 figures, PDFLaTex. References added
The Mass of the Higgs Boson in the Standard Electroweak Model
Creators: name: Erler, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An updated global analysis within the Standard Model (SM) of all relevant electroweak precision and Higgs boson search data is presented with special emphasis on the implications for the Higgs boson mass, M_H. Included are, in particular, the most recent results on the top quark and W boson masses, updated and significantly shifted constraints on the strong coupling constant, alpha_s, from tau decays and other low energy measurements such as from atomic parity violation and neutrino deep inelastic scattering. The latest results from searches for Higgs production and decay at the Tevatron are incorporated together with the older constraints from LEP 2. I find a trimodal probability distribution for M_H with a fairly narrow preferred 90% CL window, 115 GeV < M_H < 148 GeV.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures; 2 references added, 3 removed; a few changes in text; final version as published in journal
A robust data scaling algorithm to improve classification accuracies in biomedical data
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Data scaling
Data normalization
Outlier
Classification model
Generalized logistic function
Empirical cumulative distribution function

description: © 2016 The Author(s). Background: Machine learning models have been adapted in biomedical research and practice for knowledge discovery and decision support. While mainstream biomedical informatics research focuses on developing more accurate models, the importance of data preprocessing draws less attention. We propose the Generalized Logistic (GL) algorithm that scales data uniformly to an appropriate interval by learning a generalized logistic function to fit the empirical cumulative distribution function of the data. The GL algorithm is simple yet effective; it is intrinsically robust to outliers, so it is particularly suitable for diagnostic/classification models in clinical/medical applications where the number of samples is usually small; it scales the data in a nonlinear fashion, which leads to potential improvement in accuracy. Results: To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, we conducted experiments on 16 binary classification tasks with different variable types and cover a wide range of applications. The resultant performance in terms of area under the receiver operation characteristic curve (AUROC) and percentage of correct classification showed that models learned using data scaled by the GL algorithm outperform the ones using data scaled by the Min-max and the Z-score algorithm, which are the most commonly used data scaling algorithms. Conclusion: The proposed GL algorithm is simple and effective. It is robust to outliers, so no additional denoising or outlier detection step is needed in data preprocessing. Empirical results also show models learned from data scaled by the GL algorithm have higher accuracy compared to the commonly used data scaling algorithms.