cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
La difusion de la agricultura ecologica en Espana: una propuesta de modelizacion matematica
Creators: name: Carmona Martinez, Maria Mercedes
name: Gomez Garcia, Juan
name: Martinez, Ursula Faura
name: Carmona Martinez, Maria Mercedes
name: Gomez Garcia, Juan
name: Martinez, Ursula Faura
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Agricultura ecologica
subject: modelos de difusion
subject: Espana
subject: innovaciones
subject: organic agriculture
subject: diffusion models
subject: Spain
subject: innovations

description: La adoption de la agricultura ecologica por parte de los agricultores implica un elevado grado de incertidumbre acera de la rentabilidad futura de la innovacion, lo cual hace que la implantacion de este metodo de cultivo y de explotacion agraria no sea immediata, sino un proceso de difusion dinamico. En este articulo se aborda el estudio de este fenomeno desde el punto de vista de los modelos de difusion de innocaciones aplicados a datos de la evolucion de la agricultura ecologica a lo largo de los ultimos 10 anos en Espana, Murcia ya Andalucia. La estimacion y el analisis de estos procesos permite conocer las caracteristias propias del proceso: en primer lugar, la difusion de la agricultura ecologica esta determinada fundamentalmente por el efecto imitacion. En segundo lugar, y con los datos disponibles, se deduce que el proceso alcanzo en nuestro pais su punto inflexion en el ano 1998. En conocimiento del modo en que tiene lugar este proceso de difusion puede ser de gran utilidad para el diseno e implementacion de politicas agrarias encaminadas a lograr la superacion de ciertas barreras que la agricultura ecologica aun encuentra en su umplantacion...Adoption of organic farming involves a high level of uncertainnes about future profitability of innovation, which causes a dynamic diffusion process instead of an immediate acceptance of this kind of crop and farm. The study of this fact is considered in this article from the Diffusion Models Innovation view point, and is applied to figures of organic agriculture evolution in Spain, Murcia and Andalucia during the last 10 years. Its estimation and analysis allows us to identify the most important characteristics of this process: first, the diffusion of organic agriculture is mainly determined by imitation effect. Second, and considering the available data, the process seems to reach its inflection point in 1998 in our country. The knowledge of the way this diffusion process takes place can be very useful for the planning and performance of agricultural policies addressed to overcome certain barriers that organic agriculture still has for its establishment.
Herramienta para el analisis de escenarios de politica en el regadio del valle del guadalquivir
Creators: name: Lopez Baldovin, M. Jose
name: Martin, Carlos Gutierrez
name: Vecino, Julio Berbel
name: Lopez Baldovin, M. Jose
name: Martin, Carlos Gutierrez
name: Vecino, Julio Berbel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Political Economy
subject: Programacion Multiperiodo
subject: Programacion Multicriterio
subject: Indicadores de Sostenibilidadm Analisis de Escenarios
subject: Multiperiod Programming
subject: Multicriteria Programming
subject: Sustainability Indicators
subject: Scenario Analysis

description: Hemos desarrollado un modelo de programacion multiperiodo con una funcion objetivo multicriterio en un area representative de la agricultura modernizada del Valle del Guadalquivir, dicidiendola en tipologias, del explitaciones y haciendo una posterior agregacion de los reultados. El modelo se ha aplicado a diferented escenarios de futuro en un horizonte temporal de 10 anos. El objectivo es estimar la evolucion en el tiempo de un conjunto de diez indicadores de sostenibilidad en la zona, cuando se engrentan a un escario alternativo al actual, en el que se combinan una reforma de la Politica Agraria COmun tendente a la mejora ambiental y la aplicacion de la Directive Marco de Aguas. Los resultados muestran que, en el escenario alternativo propuesto, el desarrollo socioeconomico seria mas lento que si se continuara con la actual normatica, pero la mejora ambiental es apreciable...A multiperiod model based upon a Multicriteria objective function is developed in a representative area of the Guadalquivir Valley, dividing the irrigated area into homogeneous types of farming as identified by cluster analysis to obtain later, aggregated results. The model is applied to different future scenarios with a time horizon of 10 years and different farming environments. A set of ten sustainability indicators is evaluated. The results show that the evolution of crops over time, in alternative Scenario proposed, is closely related to the political environment regarding the Common Agricultural Policy and the application of the Water Framework Directive. The results show a lower socioeconomic development in the proposed scenario, but it would be accompanied by an environmental improvement.
Experimental study of breathers and rogue waves generated by random waves over non-uniform bathymetry
Creators: name: Wang, A.
name: Ludu, A.
name: Zong, Z.
name: Zou, L.
name: Pei, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.2
subject: 76B15, 76B25, 76D33, 76E30, 74J30, 74J35

description: Experimental results describing random, uni-directional, long crested, water waves over non-uniform bathymetry confirm the formation of stable coherent wave packages traveling with almost uniform group velocity. The waves are generated with JONSWAP spectrum for various steepness, height and constant period. A set of statistical procedures were applied to the experimental data, including the space and time variation of kurtosis, skewness, BFI, Fourier and moving Fourier spectra, and probability distribution of wave heights. Stable wave packages formed out of the random field and traveling over shoals, valleys and slopes were compared with exact solutions of the NLS equation resulting in good matches and demonstrating that these packages are very similar to deep water breathers solutions, surviving over the non-uniform bathymetry. We also present events of formation of rogue waves over those regions where the BFI, kurtosis and skewness coefficients have maximal values.
description: 41 pages, 21 figures
Experimental data of FA isotope measurements from The potential of fatty acid isotopes to trace trophic transfer in aquatic food-webs
Creators: name: Burian, Alfred
name: Nielsen, Jens M.
name: Hansen, Thomas
name: Bermudez, Rafael
name: Winder, Monika
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Compound-specific isotope analyses (CSIA) of fatty acids (FA) constitute a promising tool for tracing energy flows in food webs. However, past applications of FA-specific carbon isotope analyses have been restricted to a relatively coarse food-source separation and mainly quantified dietary contributions from different habitats. Our aim was to evaluate the potential of FA-CSIA to provide high-resolution data on within-system energy flows using algae and zooplankton as model organisms. First, we investigated the power of FA-CSIA to distinguish among four different algae groups, namely cyanobacteria, chlorophytes, haptophytes and diatoms. We found substantial within-group variation but also demonstrated that δ13C of several FA (e.g. 18:3ω3 or 18:4ω3) differed among taxa resulting in group-specific isotopic fingerprints. Second, we assessed changes in FA isotope ratios with trophic transfer. Isotope fractionation was highly variable in daphnids and rotifers exposed to different food sources. Only δ13C of nutritionally valuable poly-unsaturated FA remained relatively constant, highlighting their potential as dietary tracers. The variability in fractionation was partly driven by the identity of food sources. Such systematic effects likely reflect the impact of dietary quality on consumers' metabolism and suggest that FA isotopes could be useful nutritional indicators in the field. Overall, our results reveal that the variability of FA isotope ratios provides a substantial challenge, but that FA-CSIA nevertheless have several promising applications in food-web ecology.This article is part of the xx issue ‘The next horizons for lipids as “trophic biomarkers”: evidence and significance of consumer modification of dietary fatty acids’.
Collision of plane gravitational and electromagnetic waves in a Minkowski background: solution of the characteristic initial value problem
Creators: name: Alekseev, G. A.
name: Griffiths, J. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the collisions of plane gravitational and electromagnetic waves with distinct wavefronts and of arbitrary polarizations in a Minkowski background. We first present a new, completely geometric formulation of the characteristic initial value problem for solutions in the wave interaction region for which initial data are those associated with the approaching waves. We present also a general approach to the solution of this problem which enables us in principle to construct solutions in terms of the specified initial data. This is achieved by re-formulating the nonlinear dynamical equations for waves in terms of an associated linear problem on the spectral plane. A system of linear integral ``evolution'' equations which solve this spectral problem for specified initial data is constructed. It is then demonstrated explicitly how various colliding plane wave space-times can be constructed from given characteristic initial data.
description: 33 pages, 3 figures, LaTeX. Accepted for publication in Classical and Quantum Gravity
MARVEL analysis of the measured high-resolution rovibronic spectra of the calcium monohydroxide radical (CaOH)
Creators: name: Wang, Y.
name: Owens, A.
name: Tennyson, J.
name: Yurchenko, S. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The calcium monohydroxide radical (CaOH) is an important astrophysical molecule relevant to cool stars and rocky exoplanets, amongst other astronomical environments. Here, we present a consistent set of highly accurate rovibronic (rotation-vibration-electronic) energy levels for the five lowest electronic states ($\tilde{X}\,^2Σ^+$, $\tilde{A}\,^2Π$, $\tilde{B}\,^2Σ^+$, $\tilde{C}\,^2Δ$, $\tilde{D}\,^2Σ^+$) of CaOH. A comprehensive analysis of the published spectroscopic literature on this system has allowed 1955 energy levels to be determined from 3204 rovibronic experimental transitions, all with unique quantum number labelling and measurement uncertainties. The dataset covers rotational excitation up to $J=62.5$ for molecular states below 29\,000~cm$^{-1}$. The analysis was performed using the MARVEL algorithm, which is a robust procedure based on the theory of spectroscopic networks. The dataset provided will significantly aid future interstellar, circumstellar and atmospheric detections of CaOH, as well as assisting in the design of efficient laser cooling schemes in ultracold molecule research and precision tests of fundamental physics.
TKS III: A Stellar Obliquity Measurement of TOI-1726 c
Creators: name: Dai, Fei
name: Roy, Arpita
name: Fulton, Benjamin
name: Robertson, Paul
name: Hirsch, Lea
name: Isaacson, Howard
name: Albrecht, Simon
name: Mann, Andrew W.
name: Kristiansen, Martti H.
name: Batalha, Natalie M.
name: Beard, Corey
name: Behmard, Aida
name: Chontos, Ashley
name: Crossfield, Ian J. M.
name: Dalba, Paul A.
name: Dressing, y Courtney
name: Giacalone, Steven
name: Hill, Michelle
name: Howard, Andrew W.
name: Huber, Daniel
name: Kane, Stephen R.
name: Kosiarek, Molly
name: Lubin, Jack
name: Mayo, Andrew
name: Mocnik, Teo
name: Murphy, Joseph M. Akana
name: Petigura, Erik A.
name: Rosenthal, Lee
name: Rubenzahl, Ryan A.
name: Scarsdale, Nicholas
name: Weiss, Lauren M.
name: Van Zandt, Judah
name: Ricker, George R.
name: Vanderspek, Roland
name: Latham, David W.
name: Seager, Sara
name: Winn, Joshua N.
name: Jenkins, Jon M.
name: Caldwell, Douglas A.
name: Charbonneau, David
name: Daylan, Tansu
name: Günther, Maximilian N.
name: Morgan, Edward
name: Quinn, Samuel N.
name: Rose, Mark E.
name: Smith, Jeffrey C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the measurement of a spectroscopic transit of TOI-1726 c, one of two planets transiting a G-type star with $V$ = 6.9 in the Ursa Major Moving Group ($\sim$400 Myr). With a precise age constraint from cluster membership, TOI-1726 provides a great opportunity to test various obliquity excitation scenarios that operate on different timescales. By modeling the Rossiter-McLaughlin (RM) effect, we derived a sky-projected obliquity of $-1^{+35}_{-32}~^{\circ}$. This result rules out a polar/retrograde orbit; and is consistent with an aligned orbit for planet c. Considering the previously reported, similarly prograde RM measurement of planet b and the transiting nature of both planets, TOI-1726 tentatively conforms to the overall picture that compact multi-transiting planetary systems tend to have coplanar, likely aligned orbits. TOI-1726 is also a great atmospheric target for understanding differential atmospheric loss of sub-Neptune planets (planet b 2.2 $R_\oplus$ and c 2.7 $R_\oplus$ both likely underwent photoevaporation). The coplanar geometry points to a dynamically cold history of the system that simplifies any future modeling of atmospheric escape.
description: Accepted to AJ
Supplementary material- Lipid and gene expression data and statistics from Interaction between ω6 and ω3 fatty acids of different chain lengths regulates Atlantic salmon hepatic gene expression and muscle fatty acid profiles
Creators: name: Emam, Mohamed
name: Katan, Tomer
name: Caballero-Solares, Albert
name: Taylor, Richard G.
name: Parrish, Kathleen S.
name: Rise, Matthew L.
name: Parrish, Christopher C.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60408 Genomics

description: Atlantic salmon smolts (approx. 20-month old) were fed experimental diets with different combinations of omega-6:omega-3 fatty acids (FAs) (high-ω6, high-ω3, or balanced) and EPA + DHA levels (0.3, 1.0 or 1.4%) for 12 weeks. Muscle FA (% total FA) reflected dietary C18-polyunsaturated FA; however, muscle EPA % and content (mg g−1) were not different in salmon-fed high-ω3 or balanced diets. Muscle DHA % was similar among treatments, while DHA content increased in fish-fed 1.4% EPA + DHA, compared with those fed 0.3–1.0% EPA + DHA combined with high-ω6 FA. Muscle 20 : 3ω6 (DGLA) content was highest in those fed high-ω6 with 0.3% EPA + DHA. Hepatic quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed that the monounsaturated FA synthesis-related gene, scdb, was upregulated in fish-fed 1.0% EPA + DHA with high-ω6 compared to those fed 0.3% EPA + DHA. In high-ω3 fed salmon, liver elovl2 transcript levels were higher with 0.3% EPA + DHA than with 1.0% EPA + DHA. In high-ω6 fed fish, elovl2 did not vary with EPA + DHA levels, but it was positively correlated with muscle ARA, 22 : 4ω3 and DGLA. These results suggest dietary 18 : 3ω3 elongation contributed to maintaining muscle EPA + DHA levels despite a two- to threefold change in dietary proportions, while 18 : 2ω6 with 0.3% EPA + DHA increased muscle DGLA more than ARA. Positive correlations between hepatic elovl2 and fabp10a with muscle ω6:ω3 and EPA + DHA + ARA, respectively, were confirmed by reanalysing data from a previous salmon trial with lower variations in dietary EPA + DHA and ω6:ω3 ratios.This article is part of the XX ‘The next horizons for lipids as ‘trophic biomarkers’: evidence and significance of consumer modification of dietary fatty acids’.
Two-Bar Charts Packing Problem
Creators: name: Erzin, Adil
name: Melidi, Gregory
name: Nazarenko, Stepan
name: Plotnikov, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider a Bar Charts Packing Problem (BCPP), in which it is necessary to pack bar charts (BCs) in a strip of minimum length. The problem is, on the one hand, a generalization of the Bin Packing Problem (BPP), and, on the other hand, a particular case of the Project Scheduling Problem with multidisciplinary jobs and one limited non-accumulative resource. Earlier, we proposed a polynomial algorithm that constructs the optimal package for a given order of non-increasing BCs. This result generalizes a similar result for BPP. For Two-Bar Charts Packing Problem (2-BCPP), when each BC consists of two bars, the algorithm we have proposed constructs a package in polynomial time, the length of which does not exceed $2\ OPT+1$, where $OPT$ is the minimum possible length of the packing. As far as we know, this is the first guaranteed estimate for 2-BCPP. We also conducted a numerical experiment in which we compared the solutions built by our approximate algorithms with the optimal solutions built by the CPLEX package. The experimental results confirmed the high efficiency of the developed algorithms.
Complete toric varieties with reductive automorphism group
Creators: name: Nill, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J45; 14J50; 14M25; 52B20

description: We give equivalent and sufficient criteria for the automorphism group of a complete toric variety, respectively a Gorenstein toric Fano variety, to be reductive. In particular we show that the automorphism group of a Gorenstein toric Fano variety is reductive, if the barycenter of the associated reflexive polytope is zero. Furthermore a sharp bound on the dimension of the reductive automorphism group of a complete toric variety is proven by studying the set of Demazure roots.
description: AMS-LaTeX, 20 pages with 1 figure
Una aproximacion al valor del agua utilizada en los campos de golf de las comarcas de Levante y Sureste
Creators: name: Sanz-Magallion, Gonzalo
name: Sanz-Magallion, Gonzalo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Economia del agua
subject: politica hidrologica
subject: impacto economico del turismo
subject: golf
subject: water economics
subject: water policy
subject: economic impact of tourism
subject: golf.

description: Este trabajo estima el valor economica del agua utilizada por los campos de gold en proyecto en la Comunidad Valenciana, Region de Murcia y Almeria. Para ello se utilizan los reultados de distintos estudios sobre el impacto economico de este deporte y se calcula el consumo medio de agua por cada campo. Tambien se analiza el regimen juridico del consump de ague en este tipo de instalaciones. En el estudio se concluye que el impacto economico de cada campo de golf puede variar significativamente segun el grado de orientacion comercial y el nivel de utilizacion del mismo. No obstante , el calor del ague utilizada para este fin es, por termino medio, claramente superior al que se obtiene en los usos agrarios en esta zona. A la luz de los resultados, se realizan algunas consideraciones que afectan al marco regulatorio del ague utilizada en los campos de golf...The study investigates the economic value of water used by gold fields in Comunidad Calenciana, Murcia and Almeria. To achieve this goal, the findings of several studies analysing the economic impact of this sport are employed; the study also estimates average water consumption for each course. The regulatory aspect of water consumption of golf courses is also analysed. The study concludes that the economic impact of each golf course will vary significantly according to the degree of commercial orientation and its level of usage. Nevertheless, the economic value of water consumed in golf courses is on average higher than agricultural alternative uses in the area. In light of these results, some considerations are made about the Spanish legal framework of water used in golf courses.
Access to postsecondary education : a comparative study of British Columbia and Ontario
Creators: name: Lee, Jacy S. H.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The purpose of this study was to better understand government policies concerning access to postsecondary education in Ontario and British Columbia. The five questions guiding this study are: 1) What are the key postsecondary education access policies? 2) How does the policy environment influence postsecondary education policies? 3) What policy trends are associated with the government priorities or seat expansion, affordability and research and development? 4) What is the relationship between government's postsecondary funding policies and the economic environment? and 5) How do policies affect provincial postsecondary funding, enrolment, participation, tuition fees, and investment in research and development? The study provides a policy narrative of key postsecondary education access policies and analyses the key forces affecting these policies in the two provinces. The three key postsecondary education access policy areas include increasing capacity through seat and institutional expansion; enhancing affordability of postsecondary education to students through tuition fee regulation and student financial assistance; and expanding research and development. Policies in the two provinces have tended to be similar. Key factors that have affected policies include the historical development of postsecondary education, the socio-cultural values and expectations of the population; policy discussions among dominant stakeholders; the political ideology of the government party; and federal-provincial relations. This study also compares the policy trends and postsecondary education outcomes in both provinces for each of the above three policy areas. Major policy trends in capacity expansion include faster seat growth in the college sector than in the university sector; growing emphasis on meeting economic and labour demands, evolution of hybrid public institutions offering new applied degree programs, and emergence of private degree granting institutions. Key factors contributing to these policy trends include the belief that economic prosperity is linked with postsecondary education, severe limitations on public spending for postsecondary education especially during difficult economic times, and the historical binary structure of postsecondary education that contributed to shaping the emerging postsecondary landscape. There is apparently no consistent relationship between postsecondary funding trends and the economic environment in either province. As well, there are significant differences in funding trends between Ontario and BC. The study concludes with recommendations for policy makers and for future researchers.
Synthetic carboline compounds targeting protein: Biophysical and biological perspective
Creators: name: Paromita Bhattacharjee
name: Sarkar, Sarita
name: Shmatova, Olga I.
name: Nenajdenko, Valentine G.
name: Prateek Pandya
name: Kakali Bhadra
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Pictet-Spengler cyclization method has been adopted for the synthesis of three carboline derived compounds: two compounds with tetrahydro gama- and beta- having CF3 group and amino alkyl chain at delta and alpha position, respectively, and another with guanidine alkyl chain at alpha-position. Structure–activity relationship of the analogues with human serum albumin was studied by fluorescence and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopic analysis followed by molecular docking. The data showed maximum affinity of human serum albumin with comp7 (S0-820) followed by comp3 (S0-1040) and least with comp1 (S0-728). The compounds were tested for cytotoxic potencies. Comp3, showed maximum cytotoxicity with GI50 6.2 uM, against HCT-116, followed by comp7, and poor cytotoxicity with comp1. Comp3 and 7 induced oxidative stress mediated autophagy led programmed cell death in HCT-116. Furthermore, the compounds effectively inhibit DNA topoisomerase I activity and showed anti-inflammatory actions. In vivo studies regarding therapeutic protective action of Comp3, as a representative carboline analogue, against colon toxicant, 1, 2-Dimethylhydrazine Dihydrochloride (DMH), showed the efficacy of the compound against organ toxicity. The existing studies on biological evaluation showed that these synthetic compounds may have a major role as anticancer agents having myriad of proven therapeutic applications. HighlightsStructure-activity relation showed maximum affinity of HSA with comp7 followed by comp3 and least with comp1Comp3 and 7 induced oxidative stress mediated autophagy led programmed cell death in HCT-116the compounds effectively inhibit DNA topoisomerase I activity and showed anti-inflammatory actionsin vivo studies showed the efficacy of the compound against megacolon condition. Structure-activity relation showed maximum affinity of HSA with comp7 followed by comp3 and least with comp1 Comp3 and 7 induced oxidative stress mediated autophagy led programmed cell death in HCT-116 the compounds effectively inhibit DNA topoisomerase I activity and showed anti-inflammatory actions in vivo studies showed the efficacy of the compound against megacolon condition.
Dispersion of incoherent spectral features in systems with strong electron-phonon coupling
Creators: name: Rösch, O.
name: Gunnarsson, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study (inverse) photoemission from systems with strong coupling of doped carriers to phonons. Using an adiabatic approximation, we develop a method for calculating spectra. This method is particularly simple for systems where the electron-phonon coupling can be neglected in the initial state, e.g., the undoped t-J model. The theory then naturally explains why the electron-phonon coupling just leads to a broadening of spectra calculated without electron-phonon coupling, without changing the dispersion. This is in agreement with recent angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) on undoped cuprates, and it supports the interpretation in terms of strong electron-phonon interaction. The theory also shows that for systems with strong electron-phonon coupling in the initial state, the result cannot in general be related to the spectrum obtained without electron-phonon coupling.
description: 8 pages, 8 eps figures
Patching as Translation: the Data and the Metaphor
Creators: name: Ding, Yangruibo
name: Ray, Baishakhi
name: Devanbu, Premkumar
name: Hellendoorn, Vincent J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine Learning models from other fields, like Computational Linguistics, have been transplanted to Software Engineering tasks, often quite successfully. Yet a transplanted model's initial success at a given task does not necessarily mean it is well-suited for the task. In this work, we examine a common example of this phenomenon: the conceit that "software patching is like language translation". We demonstrate empirically that there are subtle, but critical distinctions between sequence-to-sequence models and translation model: while program repair benefits greatly from the former, general modeling architecture, it actually suffers from design decisions built into the latter, both in terms of translation accuracy and diversity. Given these findings, we demonstrate how a more principled approach to model design, based on our empirical findings and general knowledge of software development, can lead to better solutions. Our findings also lend strong support to the recent trend towards synthesizing edits of code conditional on the buggy context, to repair bugs. We implement such models ourselves as "proof-of-concept" tools and empirically confirm that they behave in a fundamentally different, more effective way than the studied translation-based architectures. Overall, our results demonstrate the merit of studying the intricacies of machine learned models in software engineering: not only can this help elucidate potential issues that may be overshadowed by increases in accuracy; it can also help innovate on these models to raise the state-of-the-art further. We will publicly release our replication data and materials at https://github.com/ARiSE-Lab/Patch-as-translation.
title: Solvency 3
Creators: name: Gangl, Katharina Maria
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solvabilität
subject: Basel 3
subject: Solvency
subject: Basel 3

description: Um die Unternehmensfortführung für Versicherungen und Bankinstitute zu gewährleisten wurden Verordnungen und Richtlinien erstellt. Diese Diplomarbeit hat das Ziel mögliche alternative Berechnungsmethoden aufzuzeigen und diese anhand von gegebenen Daten zu berechnen. Im ersten Teil, welcher das erste und zweite Kapitel umfasst, werden die Entstehungsgeschichte und ein Überblick der Risikoberechnungsmethoden und Eigenmittel zusammenfassend erklärt. Im nächsten Kapitel werden anschließend diese Werte anhand gegebener Daten berechnet und sinnvolle alternative Methoden erarbeitet. Abschließend werden die sinnvollsten und realistischsten alternativen Berechnungen genauer betrachtet sowie die Kennzahlen überprüft.
description: Ordinances and guidelines have been created to ensure the going concern of insurance companies and banking institutions. The aim of this thesis is to show possible alternative calculation methods and use them on the given data. The first part, which includes the first and second chapter, provides a summary of the evolutionary history as well as an overview of the risk calculation methods and own funds. The next chapter includes the calculated values on the given data basis and shows the useful alternative developed methods. Finally the most useful and realistic alternative computations are examined in more detail as well as the key figures are monitored.
Ab initio study of canted magnetism of finite atomic chains at surfaces
Creators: name: Lazarovits, B.
name: Ujfalussy, B.
name: Szunyogh, L.
name: Stocks, G. M.
name: Weinberger, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using ab initio methods on different levels we study the magnetic ground state of (finite) atomic wires deposited on metallic surfaces. A phenomenological model based on symmetry arguments suggests that the magnetization of a ferromagnetic wire is aligned either normal to the wire and, generally, tilted with respect to the surface normal or parallel to the wire. From a first principles point of view, this simple model can be best related to the so--called magnetic force theorem calculations being often used to explore magnetic anisotropy energies of bulk and surface systems. The second theoretical approach we use to search for the canted magnetic ground state is first principles adiabatic spin dynamics extended to the case of fully relativistic electron scattering. First, for the case of two adjacent Fe atoms an a Cu(111) surface we demonstrate that the reduction of the surface symmetry can indeed lead to canted magnetism. The anisotropy constants and consequently the ground state magnetization direction are very sensitive to the position of the dimer with respect to the surface. We also performed calculations for a seven--atom Co chain placed along a step edge of a Pt(111) surface. As far as the ground state spin orientation is concerned we obtain excellent agreement with experiment. Moreover, the magnetic ground state turns out to be slightly noncollinear.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures; presented on the International Conference on Nanospintronics Design and Realizations, Kyoto, Japan, May 2004; to appear in J. Phys.: Cond. Matter
Air hydrodynamics of the ultrafast laser-triggered spark gap
Creators: name: Rosenthal, E. W.
name: Larkin, I.
name: Goffin, A.
name: Produit, T.
name: Schroeder, M. C.
name: Wolf, J. -P.
name: Milchberg, H. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present space and time resolved measurements of the air hydrodynamics induced by ultrafast laser pulse excitation of the air gap between two electrodes at high potential difference. We explore both plasma-based and plasma-free gap excitation. The former uses the plasma left in the wake of femtosecond filamentation, while the latter exploits air heating by multiple-pulse resonant excitation of quantum molecular wavepackets. We find that the cumulative electrode-driven air density depression channel initiated by the laser plays the dominant role in the gap evolution leading to breakdown.
Elders’ teachings on indigenous leadership : leadership is a gift
Creators: name: Young, Alannah Earl
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This qualitative study introduces a variety of considerations to help understand ways in which Indigenous Knowledge broadens the existing dominant views of leadership. Indigenous Elders, as a source of Indigenous Knowledge provide intergenerational leadership through the sharing of their teachings, oral histories and experiences. For this study I examined the culturally relevant Indigenous leadership program that is offered within the non-credit Longhouse Leadership Program (LLP) at the First Nations House of Learning (FNHL) at the University of British Columbia (UBC), taught by Elders, cultural leaders and educators. Through the telling of oral histories, nine Elders and cultural educators who work with the FNHL community shared their views on Indigenous leadership presenting historical examples of Indigenous leadership and recommending pedagogy for the current Longhouse leadership program. Their cultural teachings are resources for Indigenous leadership pedagogy that is transformative. The Elders’ teachings on Indigenous leadership are transformational because they identify and deconstruct colonial structures and support the self determined leadership goals of local communities. The teachings are: knowing the history of the land and educating others; reclaiming culture and living the teachings; culture as a support for individuals, families and communities; leadership as a gift-step forward demonstrating community responsibilities; and wholistic pedagogy all which is transformational when delivered within an anti racism education framework. These teachings are consistent with those found more generally in the academic literature, emphasizing leadership grounded in the cultural teachings that supports living Aboriginal communities and coalition building for change. [An errata to this thesis/dissertation was made available on 2013-03-21.]
The Basics of Artificial Intelligence and its Two Subsets Machine Learning and Deep Learning
Creators: name: Patvegar, Saniya Salim
name: S. P. Phadtare
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 80607 Information Engineering and Theory
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The field artificial intelligence (AI) is currently growing technology in computer science field. This technology is started in 1950. The branch of computer science is concentrated on creating computers or machines that behave like human. Artificial intelligence includes Gaming, Natural language processing, speech reorganisation, Robotics, Expert system etc. The greatest advanced field of artificial intelligence is games playing. The best computer chess programs are now capable of beating humans. The Artificial intelligence (AI) based machines have ability to decision making, learning, problem solving, perception and linguistic intelligence. This paper is describing detailed information about “The Concept of Artificial Intelligence”.
S1: Methods supplement from Ambient temperature and algal prey type affect essential fatty acid incorporation and trophic upgrading in an herbivorous marine copepod
Creators: name: Helenius, Laura
name: Budge, Suzanne
name: Nadeau, Heather
name: Johnson, Catherine L.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Detailed methods used in copepod and algal culturing, feeding experiments and lipid extraction.
On the classical central charge
Creators: name: Blagojevic, M.
name: Vasilic, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the canonical formulation of a classical field theory, symmetry properties are encoded in the Poisson bracket algebra, which may have a central term. Starting from this well understood canonical structure, we derive the related Lagrangian form of the central term.
description: 23 pages, RevTeX, no figures; introduction improved, a few references added
CURRENT PROBLEMS OF TEACHING ENGLISH AND NEW APPROACHES TO RESOLVE IN SECONDARY EDUCATION SCHOOLS
Creators: name: Kudratbek Makhmudov
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: 130106 Secondary Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: There are several factors including opening the door to the world, development, communicating and so on. But as an English (as FL) teacher what I’m going to analyze is teaching English at secondary education schools. Existing chances to analyze teaching methods, to produce new techniques and to discuss current issues of teaching and learning, which is for improving and developing the system, are great achievements of our education system, as well.
Majority-vote model with limited visibility: an investigation into filter bubbles
Creators: name: Vilela, Andre L. M.
name: Pereira, Luiz Felipe C.
name: Dias, Laercio
name: Stanley, H. Eugene
name: da Silva, Luciano R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of opinion formation in a society is a complex phenomenon where many variables play an important role. Recently, the influence of algorithms to filter which content is fed to social networks users has come under scrutiny. Supposedly, the algorithms promote marketing strategies, but can also facilitate the formation of filters bubbles in which a user is most likely exposed to opinions that conform to their own. In the two-state majority-vote model an individual adopts an opinion contrary to the majority of its neighbors with probability $q$, defined as the noise parameter. Here, we introduce a visibility parameter $V$ in the dynamics of the majority-vote model, which equals the probability of an individual ignoring the opinion of each one of its neighbors. For $V=0.5$ each individual will, on average, ignore the opinion of half of its neighboring nodes. We employ Monte Carlo simulations to calculate the critical noise parameter as a function of the visibility $q_c(V)$ and obtain the phase diagram of the model. We find that the critical noise is an increasing function of the visibility parameter, such that a lower value of $V$ favors dissensus. Via finite-size scaling analysis we obtain the critical exponents of the model, which are visibility-independent, and show that the model belongs to the Ising universality class. We compare our results to the case of a network submitted to a static site dilution, and find that the limited visibility model is a more subtle way of inducing opinion polarization in a social network.
The Impact of Computer Science on the Evolution of Chemical Research
Creators: name: BATUR, Jenaidullah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This abstract discusses the profound effects of computer science on the development of chemistry, highlighting how computational tools andmethodologies have revolutionized research and discovery. Computer-aided drug design, utilizing algorithms and molecular modeling to predict the behavior ofpotential drugs in biological targets which is accelerated the drug discovery process, reducing the time and cost of traditional trial and error methods. Machinelearning and AI have enabled chemists to analyze big datasets, like spectroscopic analyses, to identify patterns and make predictions about chemical propertiesand reactions has led for various applications. Furthermore, computer simulations have become indispensable in understanding complex chemical systems at themolecular level. Quantum chemistry calculations and molecular dynamics simulations provide insights into reaction mechanisms, electronic structures, andthermodynamic properties that are difficult to obtain experimentally. The integration of computer science with chemistry facilitated the development of newexperimental techniques, which allowed for the rapid synthesis and testing of compounds.
The unexpected narrowness of eccentric debris rings: a sign of eccentricity during the protoplanetary disc phase
Creators: name: Kennedy, Grant M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper shows that the eccentric debris rings seen around the stars Fomalhaut and HD 202628 are narrower than expected in the standard eccentric planet perturbation scenario (sometimes referred to as "pericenter glow"). The standard scenario posits an initially circular and narrow belt of planetesimals at semi-major axis $a$, whose eccentricity is increased to $e_f$ after the gas disc has dispersed by secular perturbations from an eccentric planet, resulting in a belt of width $2ae_f$. In a minor modification of this scenario, narrower belts can arise if the planetesimals are initially eccentric, which could result from earlier planet perturbations during the gas-rich protoplanetary disc phase. However, a primordial eccentricity could alternatively be caused by instabilities that increase the disc eccentricity, without the need for any planets. Whether these scenarios produce detectable eccentric rings within protoplanetary discs is unclear, but they nevertheless predict that narrow eccentric planetesimal rings should exist before the gas in protoplanetary discs is dispersed. PDS 70 is noted as a system hosting an asymmetric protoplanetary disc that may be a progenitor of eccentric debris ring systems.
description: accepted to Royal Society Open Science
Signatures of associative memory behavior in a multi-mode spin-boson model
Creators: name: Fiorelli, Eliana
name: Marcuzzi, Matteo
name: Rotondo, Pietro
name: Carollo, Federico
name: Lesanovsky, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-boson models can describe a variety of physical systems, such as atoms in a cavity or vibrating ion chains. In equilibrium these systems often feature a radical change in their behavior when switching from weak to strong spin-boson interaction. This usually manifests in a transition from a "dark" to a "superradiant" phase. However, understanding the out-of-equilibrium physics of these models is extremely challenging, and even more so for strong spin-boson coupling. Here we show that non-equilibrium strongly interacting spin-boson systems can mimic some fundamental properties of an associative memory - a system which permits the recognition of patterns, such as letters of an alphabet. Patterns are encoded in the couplings between spins and bosons, and we discuss the dynamics of the spins from the perspective of pattern retrieval in associative memory models. We identify two phases, a "paramagnetic" and a "ferromagnetic" one, and a crossover behavior between these regimes. The "ferromagnetic" phase is reminiscent of pattern retrieval. We highlight similarities and differences with the thermal dynamics of a Hopfield associative memory and show that indeed elements of "machine learning behavior" emerge in strongly coupled spin-boson systems.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
S2: Fatty acid data supplement from Ambient temperature and algal prey type affect essential fatty acid incorporation and trophic upgrading in an herbivorous marine copepod
Creators: name: Helenius, Laura
name: Budge, Suzanne
name: Nadeau, Heather
name: Johnson, Catherine L.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Major fatty acids in algal prey and copepods in feeding experiments at different temperature treatments
High frequency simulation of transformer windings for diagnostic tests
Creators: name: Singh, Arvind
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The change in business dynamics, brought on by the deregulation of the electricity industry has had an impact on the technical operations of the companies involved. To maintain competitiveness, industries must maintain a high level of efficiency and reliability. This has led to the shift to condition monitoring from scheduled maintenance schemes especially for expensive assets which are not immediately replaceable such as power transformers. High current surges impacting power transformers often cause winding deformations. These pose safety risks and heavy financial losses to the utility in spot market buying when failures occur. Long replacement times can have crippling financial effects on a company if there is no replacement for the transformer when a failure occurs. As a result of this diagnostic methods which estimate the transformer condition have become increasingly important. These allow personnel to make decisions on replacing or relocating a power transformer, in keeping with the financial objectives of the company. In this report an overview of the methods used in obtaining winding signatures used for condition monitoring is presented. An equivalent circuit winding model based on multiphase transmission line theory is developed which includes enough detail to allow for an accurate simulation. The circuit model for a specific transformer winding was implemented using Microtran software. The model was used to compare the response of the commonly used transadmittance signature to the characteristic impedance signature of the winding for different types of deformations (simulated by changing different capacitances in the model). It was found that the methods were comparable in sensitivity with the transadmittance being only marginally better. The characteristic impedance signature however had the advantage of showing a constant percentage change over its frequency range for a given distortion. This makes it easier to quantify winding movement. The use of both methods in conjunction may serve as a more efficient method of classifying physical winding changes.