cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
RETURNS TO SORTING AND MARKET TIMING OF ANIMALS WITHIN PENS OF FED CATTLE
Creators: name: Koontz, Stephen R.
name: Hoag, Dana L.
name: Walker, Jodine L.
name: Brethour, John R.
name: Koontz, Stephen R.
name: Hoag, Dana L.
name: Walker, Jodine L.
name: Brethour, John R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: This research examines returns to cattle feeding operations that sort animals prior to marketing using ultrasound technology. The returns to sorting are between $11 and $25 per head depending on the number of groups the pens into which cattle can be sorted. Sorting faces declining returns. These returns can also be viewed as the costs imposed by institutional constraints that limit co-mingling of cattle. Through sorting, cattle feeding operations are able to reduce meat quality discounts, increase meat quality premiums, increase beef carcass quality characteristics, more efficiently use feed resources, and increase profits.
Aggregation of colloidal nanoparticles in polymer matrices
Creators: name: Oberdisse, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some of our recent studies of the structure and mechanical properties of a special type of nanocomposite are reviewed here. In silica-latex systems, a latex film with silica inclusions is formed from a colloidal solution of both components. During drying of the solution, the formation of silica domains can be controlled via the physico-chemical properties of the solution. Well-defined silica aggregates embedded in a polymer matrix can be generated, and the mechanical properties of the resulting nanocomposite have been shown to be directly correlated to the average structure.
EMU AND FOREST PRODUCTS PRICING AND EUROPE
Creators: name: Hanninen, Riitta
name: Laaksonen-Craig, Susanna
name: Toppinen, Anne
name: Hanninen, Riitta
name: Laaksonen-Craig, Susanna
name: Toppinen, Anne
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: exchange rate
subject: pass-through
subject: pricing currency
subject: pulp
subject: newsprint
subject: stumpage prices
subject: cointegration

description: In previous literature, the degree of exchange rate pass-through to importing country's currency has often been found to be incomplete, which supports the idea of imperfect competition in the forest products markets. In this study, exchange rate pass-through is examined by employing a mark-up model for the UK and German pulp and newsprint markets for 1986-97. Two specifications are compared, one where exchange rates in importing countries are employed and the other that attributes for the fact that US dollar is largely used in pricing for forest industry products in Europe. In contrast to previous studies, our estimates indicate very low degrees of pass-through, which is consistent with competitive European markets for pulp and paper. Consequently, depreciations of exchange rates are found to be mainly transmitted to variable mark-ups over wood prices rather than to prices in importer's currency. Furthermore, the use of the US dollar nominated pricing is found to have practically no effect at all on this result.
CROPPING DIVERSITY AND FARM PROGRAMS
Creators: name: Smith, Elwin G.
name: Young, Douglas L.
name: Smith, Elwin G.
name: Young, Douglas L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Crop Production/Industries

description: Cropping diversity along the United States - Canada border of the Great Plains has not been dominated by either country. U.S. wheat policies impacted diversity in both countries through price and in the U.S. by acreage reduction programs. In the 1990s, cropping diversity increased in Canada and declined in the U.S. Since the 1996 U.S. Farm Bill, cropping diversity has increased in the U.S.
Ist Vat. Syr. 368 monophysitischer Herkunft
Creators: name: Engberding, Hieronymus
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 47 (1963): Oriens christianus, Band 47
Impacts Of Inventory Credit, Input Supply Shops, and Fertilizer Microdosing in the Drylands of Niger
Creators: name: Pender, John L.
name: Abdoulaye, Tahirou
name: Ndjeunga, Jupiter
name: Gerard, Bruno
name: Kato, Edward
name: Pender, John L.
name: Abdoulaye, Tahirou
name: Ndjeunga, Jupiter
name: Gerard, Bruno
name: Kato, Edward
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: fertilizer microdosing
subject: inventory credit
subject: warrantage (the French term for inventory credit)
subject: input supply shops
subject: drylands
subject: Niger
subject: Sahel

description: This study investigated the impacts of access to inventory credit, input supply shops, fertilizer microdosing demonstrations, and other factors on farmers’ use of inorganic fertilizer and other inputs in Niger and on crop yields. We found that access to inventory credit and input supply shops has increased the use of inorganic fertilizer and seeds and that microdosing demonstrations have increased the use of inorganic fertilizer. Ownership of traction animals and access to off-farm employment have also contributed to the use of inorganic fertilizer, while larger farms use less fertilizer and labor per hectare. The impacts of these interventions and technologies depend on the crop mix. Inorganic fertilizer has a positive impact on millet and millet–cowpea yields when applied using microdosing, with an estimated marginal value-cost ratio greater than 3 for those crops indicating significant profitability. By contrast, microdosing has a negative impact on yields of the millet–sorghum–cowpea intercrop, suggesting that microdosing should not be promoted when sorghum is part of the crop mix. However, better access to input supply shops has contributed to higher yields of the millet–sorghum–cowpea intercrop. The predicted effect of inventory credit on farmers’ income as a result of increased inorganic fertilizer use is an increase of 5,000 to 10,000 FCFA per hectare (about US$10 to US$20 per hectare in 2005) in millet or millet–cowpea production. Similarly, being 10 km closer to an input supply shop is predicted to increase farmers’ income by 3,200 to 4,500 FCFA per hectare. These benefits do not take into account the impacts of the interventions on seeds or other inputs, which are also generally positive. The positive impacts are linked to the use of fertilizer microdosing, which has increased the productivity of fertilizer use in millet and millet–cowpea production, indicating synergies among the various interventions. They are also linked to these specific crops, because we found less favorable impacts of these interventions for the millet–sorghum–cowpea intercrop and for peanuts. Other interventions that could help to boost the use of inputs and productivity include promotion of improved access to farm equipment and traction animals and promotion of higher-value crops such as hibiscus. Further research on these topics appears warranted. Research on the implications of interventions on land degradation would also be useful.
Plant Genetic Resources for Agriculture, Plant Breeding, and Biotechnology: Experiences from Cameroon, Kenya, the Philippines, and Venezuela
Creators: name: Falck-Zepeda, Jose Benjamin
name: Zambrano, Patricia
name: Cohen, Joel I.
name: Borges, Orangel
name: Guimaraes, Elcio P.
name: Hautea, Desiree
name: Kengue, Joseph
name: Songa, Josephine
name: Falck-Zepeda, Jose Benjamin
name: Zambrano, Patricia
name: Cohen, Joel I.
name: Borges, Orangel
name: Guimaraes, Elcio P.
name: Hautea, Desiree
name: Kengue, Joseph
name: Songa, Josephine
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: plant breeding
subject: biotechnology
subject: public research
subject: funding
subject: innovation systems
subject: capacity building

description: Local farming communities throughout the world face binding productivity constraints, diverse nutritional needs, environmental concerns, and significant economic and financial pressures. Developing countries address these challenges in different ways, including public and private sector investments in plant breeding and other modern tools for genetic crop improvement. In order to measure the impact of any technology and prioritize investments, we must assess the relevant resources, human capacity, clusters, networks and linkages, as well as the institutions performing technological research and development, and the rate of farmer adoption. However, such measures have not been recently assessed, in part due to the lack of complete standardized information on public plant breeding and biotechnology research in developing countries. To tackle this void, the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO), in consultation with the International Food Policy Institute (IFPRI) and other organizations, designed a plant breeding and biotechnology capacity survey for implementation by FAO consultants in 100 developing countries. IFPRI, in collaboration with FAO and national experts contracted by FAO to complete in-country surveys, identified and analyzed plant breeding and biotechnology programs in four developing countries: Cameroon, Kenya, the Philippines, and Venezuela. Here, we use an innovation systems framework to examine the investments in human and financial resources and the distribution of resources among the different programs, as well as the capacity and policy development for agricultural research in the four selected countries. Based on our findings, we present recommendations to help sustain and increase the efficiency of publicly- and privately-funded plant breeding programs, while maximizing the use of genetic resources and developing opportunities for GM crop production. Policy makers, private sector breeders, and other stakeholders can use this information to prioritize investments, consider product advancement, and assess the relative magnitude of the potential risks and benefits of their investments.
Inclination Excitation of Solar System Debris Disk due to Stellar Flybys
Creators: name: Moore, Nathaniel W. H.
name: Li, Gongjie
name: Adams, Fred C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most stars form in clusters where relatively close encounters with other stars are common and can leave imprints on the orbital architecture of planetary systems. In this paper, we investigate the inclination excitation of debris disk particles due to such stellar encounters. We derive an analytical expression that describes inclination excitation in the hierarchical limit where the stellar flyby is distant. We then obtain numerical results for the corresponding particle inclination distribution in the non-hierarchical regime using a large ensemble of N-body simulations. For encounters with expected parameters, we find that the bulk inclination of the disk particles remains low. However, a distinct high inclination population is produced by prograde stellar encounters for particles with final pericenter distances above $50$AU. The maximum extent $i_t$ of the inclination distribution scales with the inclination of the encounter $\sin(i_s)$ for massive star flybys with low incoming velocity. The inclination distribution of observed trans-Neptunian objects places constraints on the dynamical history of our Solar System. For example, these results imply an upper limit on product of the number density $n$ of the solar birth cluster and the Sun's residence time $τ$ of the form $nτ\lesssim8\times10^4$ Myr pc$^{-3}$. Stronger constraints can be derived with future observational surveys of the outer Solar System.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures. This paper has been accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal, and comments are welcome
Additional file 1 of Physical fitness in older women with osteoporosis and vertebral fracture after a resistance and balance exercise programme: 3-month post-intervention follow-up of a randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Stanghelle, Brita
name: Bentzen, Hege
name: Giangregorio, Lora
name: Pripp, Are Hugo
name: Skelton, Dawn A.
name: Bergland, Astrid
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. CONSORT 2010 checklist of information to include when reporting a randomised trial.
A Single Intrinsic Luminosity Function for Both Type-I and Type-II Active Galactic Nuclei
Creators: name: Zhang, Shuang Nan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The luminous electromagnetic emission from distant active galactic nuclei (AGNs) including quasars is believed to be powered by accretion onto super-massive black holes (SMBHs). In the standard unification model for AGNs a dusty torus covers a significant portion of the viewing angles to the accretion disk and the BH. The system is classified as a type-I AGN if the accretion disk is viewed through the opening part; otherwise it is called a type-II AGN. Therefore the ratio of type-II to type-I AGNs serves as a sensitive probe to the unification model. A surprising discovery made from several large sky coverage and/or deep AGN surveys has found a significant anti-correlation between the type-II fraction and the observed X-ray luminosity between 2-10 keV. This suggests two different luminosity functions for the two types of AGNs, thus challenging the AGN unification model. However this observed anti-correlation is a natural consequence of the AGN unification model with only one intrinsic luminosity function if the inclination angle effects of the X-ray emitting accretion disk are taken into account. Thus the AGN unification model survived another critical test.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, submitted on 2004 Oct. 20 and accepted on 2004 Dec. 1 for publication in ApJ Letters
Thoroughly analysis of the phase diagram for the Bell-Lavis model: An entropic simulational study
Creators: name: Ferreira, L. S.
name: Jorge, L. N.
name: DaSilva, Cláudio J.
name: Caparica, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we investigate the Bell-Lavis model using entropic simulations for several values of the energy parameters. The $T\timesμ$ phase diagram and the ground state configurations are analyzed thoroughly. Besides, we examine the particle density and specific heat behavior for different values of the chemical potential $μ$ as functions of temperature. We also obtain configurations that maximize the canonical probability for several values of chemical potential and temperature, enabling the identification of the low density ($LDL$) and high-density liquid ($HDL$) phases, among others, in the critical regions. We found a second-order phase transition from the $LDL-HDL_0$ to $LDL-HDL$ coexistence in the range of $0
description: 10 pages, 12 figures
How Change Agents and Social Capital Influence the Adoption of Innovations among Small Farmers: Evidence from Social Networks in Rural Bolivia
Creators: name: Monge, Mario
name: Hartwich, Frank
name: Halgin, Daniel
name: Monge, Mario
name: Hartwich, Frank
name: Halgin, Daniel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: social networks
subject: agricultural innovation
subject: change agent
subject: social capital
subject: Bolivia

description: This paper presents results from a study that identified patterns of social interaction among small farmers in three agricultural subsectors in Bolivia—fish culture, peanut production, and quinoa production—and analyzed how social interaction influences farmers’ behavior toward the adoption of pro-poor innovations. Twelve microregions were identified, four in each subsector, setting the terrain for an analysis of parts of social networks that deal with the diffusion of specific sets of innovations. Three hundred sixty farmers involved in theses networks as well as 60 change agents and other actors promoting directly or indirectly the diffusion of innovations were interviewed about the interactions they maintain with other agents in the network and the sociodemographic characteristics that influence their adoption behavior. The information derived from this data collection was used to test a wide range of hypotheses on the impact that the embeddedness of farmers in social networks has on the intensity with which they adopt innovations. Evidence provided by the study suggests that persuasion, social influence, and competition are significant influences in the decisions of farmers in poor rural regions in Bolivia to adopt innovations. The results of this study are meant to attract the attention of policymakers and practitioners who are interested in the design and implementation of projects and programs fostering agricultural innovation and who may want to take into account the effects of social interaction and social capital. Meanwhile, scholars of the diffusion of innovations may find evidence to further embrace the complexity and interdependence of social interactions in their models and approaches.
Chizhov and Petcov Reply
Creators: name: Chizhov, M. V.
name: Petcov, S. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have found in [1] new conditions for a total neutrino conversion in the case of neutrino oscillations taking place in a medium, consisting of n = 2 (or 3) alternating layers with constant densities $N_1$ and $N_2$. It is claimed in [4] that our results are particular case of enhancement of neutrino oscillations, which was suggested earlier by other authors and was widely discussed in the literature. We refute these claims, confirming the novelty of our results.
description: 2 pages, LATEX; concise (essentially 1 page) and somewhat modified version of Ref. SISSA 5/2000/EP (hep-ph/0003110); reply on the ``Comment on New Conditions for a Total Neutrino Conversion in a Medium'', Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 (2000) 3978; published as ``Chizhov and Petcov Reply'' in Phys. Rev. Lett. 85 (2000) 3979
Linear and Riccati equations in generating functions for stellar models in general relativity
Creators: name: Ivanov, B. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the expressions for the tangential pressure, the anisotropy factor and the radial pressure in the Einstein equations may serve as generating functions for stellar models. The latter can incorporate an equation of state when the expression for the energy density is also used. Other generating functions are based on the condition for the existence of conformal motion (conformal flatness in particular) and the Karmarkar condition for embedding class one metrics. In all these cases the equations are linear first order differential equations for one of the metric components and Riccati equations for the other. The latter may be always transformed into second order homogenous linear differential equations. These conclusions are illustrated by numerous particular examples from the study of stellar models.
description: accepted for publication in Eur. Phys. J. Plus
Additional file 1 of Immediate effects of first-line thrombectomy devices for intracranial atherosclerosis-related occlusion: stent retriever versus contact aspiration
Creators: name: Joonsang Yoo
name: Seong-Joon Lee
name: Hong, Jeong-Ho
name: Yong-Won Kim
name: Hong, Ji Man
name: Kim, Chang-Hyun
name: Kang, Dong-Hun
name: Choi, Jin Wook
name: Kim, Yong-Sun
name: Sohn, Sung-Il
name: Yang-Ha Hwang
name: Lee, Jin Soo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Table 1. Multivariate analysis according to iatrogenic dissection or rupture. Supplementary figure. (A) The first patient shows flap in the right middle cerebral artery. We detached stent retriever because of recurrent occlusion after retrieving stent retriever. (B) and (C) The second and third patients show intima flap in the left middle cerebral artery after contact aspiration and (D) The fourth patient shows intima flap in the left middle cerebral artery after retrieving stent retriever.
Gender Difference in the Long-Term Impact of Famine
Creators: name: Mu, Ren
name: Zhang, Xiaobo
name: Mu, Ren
name: Zhang, Xiaobo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: famine
subject: fetal origins hypothesis
subject: gender difference
subject: China

description: An increasing literature examines the association between restricted fetal or early childhood growth and the incidence of diseases in adulthood. Little is known, however, about gender difference in this association. We assess the impact of nutritional deficiency in the early lives of survivors of the Chinese Great Famine in terms of health and economic welfare, paying special attention to gender differences. We found evidence of several significant negative impacts for female--but not male--survivors, and the gender differences are statistically significant. Furthermore, we show that the selection bias caused by differences in mortality plausibly explains more than two-thirds of the documented gender difference in the long-term health of famine survivors.
Das Geheimnis der Taufe in den Werken Babais d. Gr.
Creators: name: Krüger, Paul
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 47 (1963): Oriens christianus, Band 47
A goal oriented and decentrally controlled workflow model for facilitating exception handling
Creators: name: Guo, Huijin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: More and more organizations are starting to use workflow management systems (WfMS) to monitor, control and manage business processes. However, currently available commercial workflow systems are rather rigid and cannot meet the requirements of a dynamic and fast-changing business. Exception handling capabilities of the systems are very limited. Some research work has been done to address the issue by extending database technologies in workflow domain. In this thesis, we begin with a brief review of some main workflow concepts and do a survey of current research work on exception handling. We propose a leveled workflow model based on Micro-Organization Activity Processor (MOAP) and Object-Oriented Workflow Model (OOWM), which is an extension of Object-Oriented Enterprise Modeling (OOEM). The MOAP construct is extended with a goal concept and the OOEM service concept. We then propose a mechanism for exception handling which utilizes artificial intelligence technologies such as means-end analysis. We further demonstrate the functionalities and exception handling processes with a web-based simulator by applying some workflow exception cases.
Rural Innovation Systems and Networks: Findings from a Study of Ethiopian Smallholders
Creators: name: Spielman, David J.
name: Davis, Kristin E.
name: Negash, Martha
name: Ayele, Gezahegn
name: Spielman, David J.
name: Davis, Kristin E.
name: Negash, Martha
name: Ayele, Gezahegn
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Ethiopia
subject: Agricultural Development
subject: Innovation
subject: Technology
subject: Social Networks
subject: Social Learning

description: Agriculture in Ethiopia is changing. New players, relationships, and policies are influencing how smallholders access and use information and knowledge. Although this growing complexity suggests opportunities for Ethiopian smallholders, too little is known about how these opportunities can be effectively leveraged to promote pro-poor processes of rural innovation. This paper examines Ethiopia’s smallholder agricultural sector to provide qualitative insights into the interactions between smallholders and other actors in the agricultural sector and the contribution those interactions make to the smallholders’ innovation processes. Case studies of smallholder innovation networks in 10 communities suggest that public sector extension and administration exert a strong influence over smallholders’ access to knowledge and information relative to market or civil society actors. Given the priority the Ethiopian government has placed on improving rural welfare by increasing market access among smallholders, the findings of this study may suggest the need to further explore policies and programs that create more space for market and civil society actors to participate in smallholder innovation networks.
Script for converting Ontology to an ELN (i.e., Kadi4Mat)
Creators: name: Noman, Hafiz Muhammad
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The ontology through this script is converted into Kadi4Mat resources. The custom script utilizes RDFlib and SPARQL. Moreover, KadiAPY transforms selected ontology classes into Kadi4Mat records.
Cameras in the courtroom
Creators: name: Turko, Donna M.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This is a thesis on the interaction between the ideologies and discourses of legal and-media professionals in conflict over camera access to criminal court proceedings in British Columbia. A deconstruction approach is taken to penetrate some of the rhetoric of the ongoing debate. The ideologies and discursive underpinnings of the respective professional groups provided the framework from which to examine some of the reasons for the controversy and the potential areas for convergence of legal and media perspectives. A detailed examination of court precedents and public policy on cameras access is offered, followed by a discussion of social science writings that help to frame the controversy. Issues regarding the propriety of cameras in the courtroom are canvassed through interviews with media and legal members, including their opinion of television coverage of the O.J. Simpson trial, the quality of criminal court television coverage, and the potential for the television media to influence trial proceedings and public reaction. The data gathered underscore differences between media and legal groups over whether cameras should be allowed to broadcast court proceedings. Evident in the findings is a variation of opinion on the quality of television news coverage: the media anticipate that improvement would occur if video coverage was permitted, while legal members stress the media's lack of knowledge about the courts and i n the profit-making motives. There was a clear recognition by the majority of all interviewees that cameras were detrimental in the O.J. trial, potentially problematic for future court proceedings, and that audiences could be negatively influenced by publicly televised proceedings; nevertheless the media group was adamant about gaining camera access to the courtroom. The majority of the legal group was strongly opposed to the idea. The different positions of the legal and media members are traceable in part, to differences in their respective professional discourses. The noted disparate elements and contradictions are identified as potential grounds of convergence for the two sides of the debate.
Low-magnitude Seismicity with a Downhole Distributed Acoustic Sensing Array -- examples from the FORGE Geothermal Experiment
Creators: name: Lellouch, Ariel
name: Schultz, Ryan
name: Lindsey, Nathaniel J.
name: Biondi, Biondo
name: Ellsworth, William L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show the capabilities of a downhole Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) array in detecting, locating and characterizing low-magnitude earthquakes occurring in the vicinity of the Frontier Observatory for Research in Geothermal Energy (FORGE) site in Utah. 10.5 days of continuous data were acquired in a monitoring well at the FORGE geothermal site during the initial stimulation of an Enhanced Geothermal System in April-May 2019. Earthquake activity beneath Mineral Mountains, Utah also occurred within 10 km of the FORGE monitoring well. During the experiment, four events from those areas were cataloged by the University of Utah Seismograph Stations. Our processing of DAS data, including template matching, finds 82 earthquakes during that period, of which 16 are visible on the regional network. The magnitude of completeness obtained by DAS processing is better by at least M=0.5 than the dense surface array around the FORGE site. While a single vertical DAS array is limited in terms of event location due to its azimuthal ambiguity, multiple DAS wells or a combination of a downhole array with surface stations or near-surface horizontal DAS could jointly resolve locations. All detected events probably originated from the two active source areas and can be clustered into several distinct families.
description: Submitted to JGR:Solid Earth. Small fixes prior to returned review
The IFAD-GEF Advantage: Partnering for a sustainable world
Creators: name: Soma, Chakrabarti
name: Soma, Chakrabarti
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: climate change
subject: ecosystems
subject: resilient livelihoods
subject: economic health

description: In 2001, the Global Environment Facility (GEF) Council approved the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) as an executing agency under its policy of expanded opportunities for executing agencies. Today, IFAD’s collaboration with the GEF has grown to over 43 national and regional projects, covering the GEF focal areas of biodiversity, climate change, international waters, land degradation and sustainable forest management. It also encompasses the GEF’s former operational programme areas. This partnership has delivered important environmental and socio-economic benefits for many people across the world. These benefits include more resilient livelihoods that bring economic, educational and health gains to local communities, while reducing pressure on ecosystems and precious resources, as well as and improving management of forest, land and water.
Gravitomagnetic Love tensor of a slowly rotating body: post-Newtonian theory
Creators: name: Poisson, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gravitomagnetic tidal Love number of a slowly rotating body was calculated previously under the assumption that the velocity perturbation created by the tidal field consists of an induction piece proportional to the vector potential, and a rotational piece that scales with $Ω$, the body's angular velocity. The second part of this assumption is wrong: the rotational piece of the velocity perturbation scales in fact like $Ω^0 = 1$. The previous calculations are therefore incorrect, and the purpose of this paper is to repair the mistake. To keep the technical difficulties to a minimum, the treatment here is restricted to a post-Newtonian expansion carried out to leading order -- previous calculations of the gravitomagnetic Love number were performed in full general relativity. On the other hand, the computation presented here is not restricted to a stationary tidal field. I show that the correct scaling of the velocity perturbation with $Ω$ leads to the promotion of the Love number to a Love tensor $k_{jk}^{\ \ pq}$, a four-index object that relates the body's current quadrupole moment $S_{jk}$ to the gravitomagnetic tidal moment ${\cal B}_{pq}$. The tensorial nature of this quantity has to do with the fact that each $e^{imϕ}$ piece of the tidal force gives rise to an $m$-specific velocity perturbation, and therefore to a Love number that depends on $m$. The collection of these $m$-specific Love numbers makes up the Love tensor $k_{jk}^{\ \ pq}$.
description: 20 pages, 3 figures, new appendix, matches published version
Physical reservoir computing -- An introductory perspective
Creators: name: Nakajima, Kohei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Understanding the fundamental relationships between physics and its information-processing capability has been an active research topic for many years. Physical reservoir computing is a recently introduced framework that allows one to exploit the complex dynamics of physical systems as information-processing devices. This framework is particularly suited for edge computing devices, in which information processing is incorporated at the edge (e.g., into sensors) in a decentralized manner to reduce the adaptation delay caused by data transmission overhead. This paper aims to illustrate the potentials of the framework using examples from soft robotics and to provide a concise overview focusing on the basic motivations for introducing it, which stem from a number of fields, including machine learning, nonlinear dynamical systems, biological science, materials science, and physics.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures
Disrupting the urban: forcefields to reconstruct our social
Creators: name: Kock, Pieter De
name: Carta, Silvio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 120508 Urban Design
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography

description: This paper discusses the idea of disruptive visual urban forcefields and aims at mapping out ways of re-inhabiting the city. It analyses social configurations in relation to urban assemblages. It consists of three parts: firstly, a photographic inquiry exploring aspects of social relationships and shifting themes that colour modern-day visual existence. Several key coordinates are elaborated on, including the notion of a visual urban forcefield; reinterpreting the concept of the flâneur; the idea of territory; and lastly how these have become associated with deterritorialization and reterritorialization. The second part focuses on differences in visual structure over time. Observations are made about previously documented buildings in urban settings, specifically in relation to disruptive urban forcefields. It looks at how these urban settings evolved and changed over a similar time period. The third part discusses the impact of technological visual forcefields on the social dimension of cities. How space is increasingly being coded with digital meaning. The call to action is centred on the idea that society needs a visual forcefield to disrupt modern-day urban assemblage. A visual forcefield to disrupt modern-day urban assemblage is required that circumscribes our existence, locating visual sustainability at the source.
Superfluid flow in disordered superconductors with Dynes pair-breaking scattering: depairing current, kinetic inductance, and superheating field
Creators: name: Kubo, Takayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effects of Dynes pair-breaking scattering rate $Γ$ on the superfluid flow in a narrow thin-film superconductor and a semi-infinite superconductor by self-consistently solving the coupled Maxwell and Usadel equations for the BCS theory in the diffusive limit for all temperature $T$, all $Γ$, and all superfluid momentum. We obtain the depairing current density $j_d(Γ, T)$ and the current-dependent nonlinear kinetic inductance $L_k(j_s, Γ, T)$ in a narrow thin-film and the superheating field $H_{sh}(Γ, T)$ and the current distribution in a semi-infinite superconductor, taking the nonlinear Meissner effect into account. The analytical expressions for $j_d(Γ,T)|_{T=0}$, $L_k(j_s, Γ, T)|_{T=0}$, and $H_{sh}(Γ, T)|_{T=0}$ are also derived. The theory suggests $j_d$ and $H_{sh}$ can be ameliorated by reducing $Γ$, and $L_k$ can be tuned by a combination of the bias current and $Γ$. Tunneling spectroscopy can test the theory and also give insight into how to engineer $Γ$ via materials processing. Implications of the theory would be useful to improve performances of various superconducting quantum devices.
description: 16 pages, 16 figures
A Tale of Two Countries: Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Rice Productivity in China and Brazil
Creators: name: You, Liangzhi
name: You, Liangzhi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: rice productivity
subject: spatial convergence
subject: technology spillover
subject: China
subject: Brazil

description: This paper examines differences in the spatial and temporal variations of rice yields in China and Brazil. Our analysis indicates that, in China, rice yields have converged over time and rice production has become increasingly homogeneous. In contrast, rice yields in Brazil have diverged over time, primarily due to variations in upland rice yields. Three hypothetical explanations may account for the different behaviors of rice yields in Brazil and China, namely: 1) differences in production systems (i.e. irrigated in China vs. upland in Brazil); 2) changes in rainfall patterns; and 3) bias in agricultural research and development (R&D) towards irrigated rice. Our empirical analysis supports the first two hypotheses by establishing that: 1) upland rice shows much more variation in yields compared to irrigated rice; and 2) changing rainfall patterns have primarily affected upland rice. We also provide evidence of the bias towards irrigated systems by looking at the patterns of varietal release.
The IFAD-GEF Advantage II: Linking smallholders and global environmental benefits
Creators: name: Soma, Chakrabarti
name: Soma, Chakrabarti
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Climate Change
subject: Global Warming
subject: hunger
subject: global challenges
subject: Paris Agreement

description: In 2014, the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) released a report celebrating achievements through its partnership with the Global Environment Facility (GEF). Since then, the world has been responding to critical environmental and climate challenges. In 2015, the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) were endorsed, confirming a new development paradigm that aims to move on from silos to integrated approaches, and significantly stepping up ambitions to eliminate rather than only reduce hunger, poverty and other global challenges. The Paris Agreement at the 21st Conference of the Parties (COP21) also bound countries to take urgent actions to reduce global warming.
Efficient excitations and spectra within a perturbative renormalization approach
Creators: name: Backhouse, Oliver J.
name: Booth, George H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a self-consistent approach for computing the correlated quasiparticle spectrum of charged excitations in iterative $\mathcal{O}[N^5]$ computational time. This is based on the auxiliary second-order Green's function approach [O. Backhouse \textit{et al.}, JCTC (2020)], in which a self-consistent effective Hamiltonian is constructed by systematically renormalizing the dynamical effects of the self-energy at second-order perturbation theory. From extensive benchmarking across the W4-11 molecular test set, we show that the iterative renormalization and truncation of the effective dynamical resolution arising from the $2h1p$ and $1h2p$ spaces can substantially improve the quality of the resulting ionization potential and electron affinity predictions compared to benchmark values. The resulting method is shown to be superior in accuracy to similarly scaling quantum chemical methods for charged excitations in EOM-CC2 and ADC(2), across this test set, while the self-consistency also removes the dependence on the underlying mean-field reference. The approach also allows for single-shot computation of the entire quasiparticle spectrum, which is applied to the benzoquinone molecule and demonstrates the reduction in the single-particle gap due to the correlated physics, and gives direct access to the localization of the Dyson orbitals.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Search for b->u transitions in B- -> D0 K- and B- -> D*0 K-
Creators: name: The BABAR Collaboration
name: Aubert, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We search for B- ==> \tilde{D0}K- and B- ==> \tilde{D*0}K-, with \tilde{D*0} ==> \tilde{D0}pi0 or \tilde{D*0} ==> \tilde{D0}gamma, and \tilde{D0} ==> K+pi- (and charge conjugates). These final states can be reached through the b==>c transition B- ==> D0(*)K- followed by the doubly CKM-suppressed D0 ==> K+pi-, or the b==>u transition B- ==> D0bar(*)K- followed by the CKM-favored D0bar ==> K+pi-. The interference of these two amplitudes is sensitive to the angle gamma of the unitarity triangle. Our results are based on 232 million Upsilon(4S)==>BBbar decays collected with the BaBar detector at SLAC. We find no significant evidence for these decays. We set a limit r_B = |A(B- ==> D0bar K-)/A(B- ==> D0 K-)| < 0.23 at 90% C.L. using the most conservative assumptions on the values of the CKM angle gamma and the strong phases in the B and D decay amplitudes. In the case of the D* we set a 90% C.L. limit r*_B^2 = |A(B- ==> D*0bar K-)/A(B- ==> D*0 K-)|^2 < (0.16)^2 which is independent of assumptions on gamma and strong phases.
description: 15 pages, 13 postscript figures, Final version to be published in Phys. Rev. D
Decentralization, Local Government Elections and Voter Turnout in Pakistan
Creators: name: Akramov, Kamiljon T.
name: Qureshi, Sarfraz
name: Birner, Regina
name: Khan, Bilal Hasan
name: Akramov, Kamiljon T.
name: Qureshi, Sarfraz
name: Birner, Regina
name: Khan, Bilal Hasan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Political Economy
subject: decentralization
subject: local government elections
subject: political participation
subject: voter turnout
subject: public service provision

description: Decentralization has the potential to improve the accountability of government and lead to a more efficient provision of public services. However, accountability requires broad groups of people to participate in local government. Thus, voter turnout at local government elections is an important component of government accountability. This study used survey data on the 2005 local government elections in Pakistan to analyze the impact of electoral mechanisms, the credibility of elections, and voters’ socioeconomic characteristics on voter turnout. The rational-choice perspective is applied to develop the specifications of the empirical model. The empirical analysis is based on a series of standard and multilevel random-intercept logistic models. Our important findings reveal that (1) voter turnout is strongly associated with the personal and social gratifications people derive from voting; (2) the preference-matching ability of candidates for local government positions is marginal; and (3) the introduction of direct elections of the district nazims—a key position in local government—might improve electoral participation and thus create a precondition for better local government accountability. The findings also suggest that less educated people, farmers, and rural people are more likely to vote.
Regional Biotechnology Regulations: Design Options and Implications for Good Governance
Creators: name: Birner, Regina
name: Linacre, Nicholas A.
name: Birner, Regina
name: Linacre, Nicholas A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: regional biotechnology regulation
subject: regulatory federalism
subject: transaction cost economics
subject: West Africa
subject: European Union

description: Many developing countries are currently in the process of designing regulatory systems that should allow them to use genetically modified organisms (GMOs) for agricultural development, while also managing the food safety and environmental risks potentially associated with these technologies. Various regions of the developing world are seeking to establish regional systems of biotechnology regulation. However, considerable costs are associated with biotechnology regulation, and biosafety specialists are scarce. In addition, there is no consistent understanding of how regional systems of biotechnology regulation can be designed to be effective and efficient, while also fulfilling the principles of good governance, such as transparency, voice and accountability, control of corruption, and avoidance of special interest capture. There are a wide variety of possible regional approaches, differing with regard to the level of centralization, the scope of the regional system, the types of regional institutions and processes, and the types of financing mechanisms. Here, based on findings in the fields of environmental and fiscal federalism and transaction costs economics, we develop a conceptual framework for the assessment of regional systems of biotechnology regulation. The framework specifies design options and assessment criteria, and identifies major trade-offs and their mediating factors. We use the case of West Africa to illustrate this framework, and refer to the European Union for comparison. Our analysis indicates that involving regional experts, stakeholders and policy-makers in the design of a regional regulatory system will help fill knowledge gaps and generate conclusions regarding the trade-offs involved in regional biotechnology regulation.
The damped harmonic oscillator in deformation quantization
Creators: name: Dito, Giuseppe
name: Turrubiates, Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new approach to the quantization of the damped harmonic oscillator in the framework of deformation quantization. The quantization is performed in the Schrödinger picture by a star-product induced by a modified "Poisson bracket". We determine the eigenstates in the damped regime and compute the transition probability between states of the undamped harmonic oscillator after the system was submitted to dissipation.
description: Plain LaTex file, 11 pages