cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Does Cement Augmentation of the Sacroiliac Screw Lead to Superior Biomechanical Results for Fixation of the Posterior Pelvic Ring? A Biomechanical Study
Creators: name: Lodde, Moritz Friedrich
name: Katthagen, J. Christoph
name: Schopper, Clemens Oliver
name: Zderic, Ivan
name: Richards, Geoff
name: Gueorguiev, Boyko
name: Raschke, Michael J.
name: Hartensuer, René
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: Background and Objectives: The stability of the pelvic ring mainly depends on the integrity of its posterior part. Percutaneous sacroiliac (SI) screws are widely implanted as standard of care treatment. The main risk factors for their fixation failure are related to vertical shear or transforaminal sacral fractures. The aim of this study was to compare the biomechanical performance of fixations using one (Group 1) or two (Group 2) standard SI screws versus one SI screw with bone cement augmentation (Group 3). Materials and Methods: Unstable fractures of the pelvic ring (AO/OTA 61-C1.3, FFP IIc) were simulated in 21 artificial pelvises by means of vertical osteotomies in the ipsilateral anterior and posterior pelvic ring. A supra-acetabular external fixator was applied to address the anterior fracture. All specimens were tested under progressively increasing cyclic loading until failure, with monitoring by means of motion tracking. Fracture site displacement and cycles to failure were evaluated. Results: Fracture displacement after 500 cycles was lowest in Group 3 (0.76 cm [0.30] (median [interquartile range, IQR])) followed by Group 1 (1.42 cm, [0.21]) and Group 2 (1.42 cm [1.66]), with significant differences between Groups 1 and 3, p = 0.04. Fracture displacement after 1000 cycles was significantly lower in Group 3 (1.15 cm [0.37]) compared to both Group 1 (2.19 cm [2.39]) and Group 2 (2.23 cm [3.65]), p ≤ 0.04. Cycles to failure (Group 1: 3930 ± 890 (mean ± standard deviation), Group 2: 3676 ± 348, Group 3: 3764 ± 645) did not differ significantly between the groups, p = 0.79. Conclusions: In our biomechanical setup cement augmentation of one SI screw resulted in significantly less displacement compared to the use of one or two SI screws. However, the number of cycles to failure was not significantly different between the groups. Cement augmentation of one SI screw seems to be a useful treatment option for posterior pelvic ring fixation, especially in osteoporotic bone.
description: Finanziert durch den Open-Access-Publikationsfonds der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU Münster).
Measuring Non-Hermitian Operators via Weak Values
Creators: name: Pati, Arun Kumar
name: Singh, Uttam
name: Sinha, Urbasi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In quantum theory, a physical observable is represented by a Hermitian operator as it admits real eigenvalues. This stems from the fact that any measuring apparatus that is supposed to measure a physical observable will always yield a real number. However, reality of eigenvalue of some operator does not mean that it is necessarily Hermitian. There are examples of non-Hermitian operators which may admit real eigenvalues under some symmetry conditions. However, in general, given a non-Hermitian operator, its average value in a quantum state is a complex number and there are only very limited methods available to measure it. Following standard quantum mechanics, we provide an experimentally feasible protocol to measure the expectation value of any non-Hermitian operator via weak measurements. The average of a non-Hermitian operator in a pure state is a complex multiple of the weak value of the positive semi-definite part of the non-Hermitian operator. We also prove a new uncertainty relation for any two non-Hermitian operators and show that the fidelity of a quantum state under quantum channel can be measured using the average of the corresponding Kraus operators. The importance of our method is shown in testing the stronger uncertainty relation, verifying the Ramanujan formula and in measuring the product of non commuting projectors.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, title changed (previous title was "Quantum Theory Allows Measurement of Non-Hermitian Operators"), accepted in PRA
Application of integral invariants to apictorial jigsaw puzzle assembly
Creators: name: Illig, Peter
name: Thompson, Robert
name: Yu, Qimeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68U05 (Primary), 65D19, 53A55 (secondary)

description: We present a method for the automatic assembly of apictorial jigsaw puzzles. This method relies on integral area invariants for shape matching and an optimization process to aggregate shape matches into a final puzzle assembly. Assumptions about individual piece shape or arrangement are not necessary. We illustrate our method by solving example puzzles of various shapes and sizes.
description: 17 pages. J Math Imaging Vis (2022)
Expanding space, quasars and St. Augustine's fireworks
Creators: name: Chashchina, O. I.
name: Silagadze, Z. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An attempt is made to explain time non-dilation allegedly observed in quasar light curves. The explanation is based on the assumption that quasar black holes are, in some sense, foreign for our Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe and do not participate in the Hubble flow. Although at first sight such a weird explanation requires unreasonably fine-tuned Big Bang initial conditions, we find a natural justification for it using the Milne cosmological model as an inspiration.
description: 36 pages, 4 figures, some text and references added, published version
title: Unbridled Ethics: Cultivating Humans and History through Non-formal and Lifelong Education in Ulaanbaatar
Creators: name: Richards, Jade
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2023

description: This thesis explores how local practices of history-making in Mongolia cultivate an ethical relationship to time. I examine how people combine multiple temporal practices to guide them towards enacting better social relationships. The focus is on a locally salient form of ethical cultivation currently being taught to adult learners in Non-formal and Lifelong Education (NFLE) centres across Mongolia. While this form of cultivation has long existed in the country, only recently has it been introduced into the national education system as a response to widespread concerns across the population that ethical life has become increasingly 'unbridled' (hazaargüi), resulting in a temporality in which people feel 'stuck' (gatssan). Ethnographic data was collected over 18 months of fieldwork in Ulaanbaatar. This focused on the practice of hümüüjil, the cultivation of human beings, at the heart of NFLE's attempts to produce ethical persons. I examine the explicit teaching of history (tüüh) as a means to animate a certain kind of person capable of creating affective tensions and identifications with the past in ways that are orientated towards ethical courses of action in the future. Current debates on ethics in anthropology have often treated history ambivalently (e.g. Laidlaw 2014, Mattingly 2014). In these debates, history remains at the side-lines of analyses, generally equated to a set of moral ideals against which people determine ethical courses of action. This theoretical orientation tends to assume that history is chronological and, by extension, that causality is solely determined from the past. The practice of hümüüjil offers a field in which to explore a different theoretical approach. Focusing on a set of ontological entanglements that encompass local notions of history and ethics, my research examines how multiple temporalities and causal factors bring history to bear on people's capacity for ethical cultivation in complex ways. I demonstrate the ways in which ethical cultivation in this context draws together a pedagogical mode of historical consciousness in which time and value are reconstituted through relationships as a way of feeling, communicating and, ultimately, being human. By interrogating how conceptualisations of temporality come to shape understandings of the ethical, this research engages with key debates in anthropology about what it means to live historically, and the ways in which this intertwines with our sense of limits and possibilities, identities and evaluations.
Effect of nonlocal transformations on the linearizability and exact solvability of the nonlinear generalized modified Emden type equations
Creators: name: Mustafa, Omar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nonlinear generalized modified Emden type equations (GMEE) are known to be linearizable into simple harmonic oscillator (HO) or damped harmonic oscillators (DHO) via some nonlocal transformations. Hereby, we show that the structure of the nonlocal transformation and the linearizability into HO or DHO determine the nature/structure of the dynamical forces involved (hence, determine the structure of the dynamical equation). Yet, a reverse engineering strategy is used so that the exact solutions of the emerging GMEE are nonlocally transformed to find the exact solutions of the HO and DHO dynamical equations. Consequently, whilst the exact solution for the HO remains a textbook one, the exact solution for the DHO (never reported elsewhere, to the best of our knowledge) turns out to be manifestly the most explicit and general solution that offers consistency and comprehensive coverage for the associated under-damping, critical-damping, and over-damping cases (i.e., no complex settings for the coordinates and/or the velocities are eminent/feasible). Moreover, for all emerging dynamical system, we report illustrative figures for each solution as well as the corresponding phase-space trajectories as they evolve in time.
description: 10 pages, 24 figures
title: Elucidating the difference in structure and enzymatic activity of the homologues GSTO1 and CLIC1.
Creators: name: Robley Dixon, Lucas
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2023

description: The Glutathione-S-Transferase superfamily are a widespread collection of enzymes that catalyse glutathione conjugation to various compounds as well as wide range of other functions. Chloride intracellular channel protein 1 is known to be a structural homologue of Omega glutathione-S-transferase 1 an enzyme belonging to the omega subclass of this superfamily. GSTO1 is a soluble enzyme thought to have a role in the glutathionylation cycle whereas CLIC1 belongs to a special class of metamorphic proteins. CLIC1 has the ability to switch from its soluble form which is homologous to GSTO1 to a membrane bound form that oligomerises to create an ion channel. The mechanism for this is insertion is not well understood. By comparing the crystal and in-solution structures of these two proteins some notable differences were discovered. With the help of SAXS the in-solution structure of CLIC1 was found not to match that of its X-ray crystal structure unlike GSTO1. Further analysis of the proline rich 'footloop' found in CLIC1 also highlighted it as an area that could potentially act as a hinge and allow for conformational change in CLIC1. This difference in structure between the two proteins could explain how CLIC1 can change shape and GSTO1 cannot. Analysis of their enzymatic properties was also carried out but the data gathered was less conclusive due to the lack of assignment for the GSTO1 protein.
On topological groups with an approximate fixed point property
Creators: name: Barroso, Cleon S.
name: Mbombo, Brice R.
name: Pestov, Vladimir G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 43A07, 43A65, 43A85, 22D30, 47H10, 54H25

description: A topological group $G$ has the Approximate Fixed Point (AFP) property on a bounded convex subset $C$ of a locally convex space if every continuous affine action of $G$ on $C$ admits a net $(x_i)$, $x_i\in C$, such that $x_{i}-gx_{i}\longrightarrow 0$ for all $g\in G$. We study the relationship of this property with amenability.
description: 16 pages, latex 2e, the final submission to Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ci\^encias with referee's remarks taken into account
Properties of a curve whose convex hull covers a given convex body
Creators: name: Nikonorov, Yurii
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this note, we prove the following inequality for the norm of a convex body $K$ in $\mathbb{R}^n$, $n\geq 2$: $N(K) \leq \frac{π^{\frac{n-1}{2}}}{2 Γ\left(\frac{n+1}{2}\right)}\cdot \operatorname{length} (γ) + \frac{π^{\frac{n}{2}-1}}{Γ\left(\frac{n}{2}\right)} \cdot \operatorname{diam}(K)$, where $\operatorname{diam}(K)$ is the diameter of $K$, $γ$ is any curve in $\mathbb{R}^n$ whose convex hull covers $K$, and $Γ$ is the gamma function. If in addition $K$ has constant width $Θ$, then we get the inequality $\operatorname{length} (γ) \geq \frac{2(π-1)Γ\left(\frac{n+1}{2}\right)}{\sqrtπ\,Γ\left(\frac{n}{2}\right)}\cdot Θ\geq 2(π-1) \cdot \sqrt{\frac{n-1}{2π}}\cdot Θ$. In addition, we pose several unsolved problems.
description: 7 pages
A lower diameter bound for compact domain manifolds of shrinking Ricci-harmonic solitons
Creators: name: Tadano, Homare
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 53C44, Secondary 53C25, 53C20

description: In this paper, we shall give a lower diameter bound for compact domain manifolds of shrinking Ricci-harmonic solitons. Our result may be regarded as a generalization to Ricci-harmonic geometry of the recent works by Fernández-López and García-Río (Q. J. Math. 61, 319--327, 2010), Futaki and Sano (Asian J. Math. 17, 17--32, 2013), and Futaki \textit{et al} (Ann. Global Anal. Geom. 44, 105--114, 2013).
description: 6 pages, final version
Minimax Mixing Time of the Metropolis-Adjusted Langevin Algorithm for Log-Concave Sampling
Creators: name: Wu, Keru
name: Schmidler, Scott
name: Chen, Yuansi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the mixing time of the Metropolis-adjusted Langevin algorithm (MALA) for sampling from a log-smooth and strongly log-concave distribution. We establish its optimal minimax mixing time under a warm start. Our main contribution is two-fold. First, for a $d$-dimensional log-concave density with condition number $κ$, we show that MALA with a warm start mixes in $\tilde O(κ\sqrt{d})$ iterations up to logarithmic factors. This improves upon the previous work on the dependency of either the condition number $κ$ or the dimension $d$. Our proof relies on comparing the leapfrog integrator with the continuous Hamiltonian dynamics, where we establish a new concentration bound for the acceptance rate. Second, we prove a spectral gap based mixing time lower bound for reversible MCMC algorithms on general state spaces. We apply this lower bound result to construct a hard distribution for which MALA requires at least $\tilde Ω(κ\sqrt{d})$ steps to mix. The lower bound for MALA matches our upper bound in terms of condition number and dimension. Finally, numerical experiments are included to validate our theoretical results.
description: 63 pages, 2 figures
Effect of starter cultures on taste-active amino acids and survival of pathogenic Escherichia coli in dry fermented beef sausages
Creators: Tang, Kai Xing
Shi, Tiange
Gänzle, Michael G.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2018

The accumulation of taste-active compounds during ripening determines the taste of fermented meats; however, the contribution of defined starter cultures to glutamate during sausage ripening remains unknown. This study investigated the role of lactic acid bacteria and Staphylococcus carnosus on the accumulation of free amino acids during dry sausage fermentation. A sausage model system was developed to control sausage microbiota throughout ripening. Sausages were produced at the laboratory scale with defined starter cultures; aseptic controls were fermented without culture addition. Lactobacillus sakei, Lactobacillus plantarum, Pediococcus pentosaceus, and Pediococcus acidilactici were used as single cultures; Staphylococcus carnosus with L. sakei or P. pentosaceus were used as cocktails. The viable cell counts in aseptic control sausages remained < 1 log (CFU/g) throughout 20 days of ripening. The use of the model system demonstrated that bacterial enzymes influenced the release of free amino acids, even during the initial fermentation stage. Ripening time was the most important factor determining the accumulation of free amino acids, and the accumulation of glutamate was not strain specific. The sausage model system was also used for a challenge trial with a cocktail of pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli; viable cell counts of pathogenic E. coli were reduced by less than 1 log (CFU/g) during ripening. The sausage model for control of ripening microbiota will facilitate further studies on the impact of defined cultures on the safety and quality of fermented meats.
Nonzero Classical Discord
Creators: name: Gheorghiu, Vlad
name: de Oliveira, Marcos C.
name: Sanders, Barry C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum discord is the quantitative difference between two alternative expressions for bipartite mutual information, given respectively in terms of two distinct definitions for the conditional entropy. By constructing a stochastic model of shared states, classical discord can be similarly defined, quantifying the presence of some stochasticity in the measurement process. Therefore, discord can generally be understood as a quantification of the system's state disturbance due to local measurements, be it quantum or classical. We establish an operational meaning of classical discord in the context of state merging with noisy measurement and thereby show the quantum-classical separation in terms of a negative conditional entropy.
description: Replaced by the published version
Сокращенная обработкa почвы в органическом земледелии. Преимущества, проблемы и внедрение
Creators: name: Lefebvre, Nicolas
name: Bernet, Thomas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Сокращенная обработкa почвы
органическое земледелие
Плодородие почвы

description: Данное техническое руководство объясняет преимущества и проблемы сокращенной обработки почвы в органическом земледелии, а также предоставляет актуальную информацию о различных системах сокращенной обработки почвы и их внедрении на практике.
Emergence of Neutral Modes in Laughlin-like Fractional Quantum Hall Phases
Creators: name: Khanna, Udit
name: Goldstein, Moshe
name: Gefen, Yuval
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chiral gapless boundary modes are characteristic of quantum Hall (QH) states. For hole-conjugate fractional QH phases counterpropagating edge modes (upstream and downstream) are expected. In the presence of electrostatic interactions and disorder these modes may renormalize into charge and upstream neutral modes. Orthodox models of Laughlin phases anticipate only a downstream charge mode. Here we show that in the latter case, in the presence of a smooth confining potential, edge reconstruction leads to the emergence of pairs of counterpropagating modes, which, by way of mode renormalization, may give rise to nontopological upstream neutral modes, possessing nontrivial statistics. This may explain the experimental observation of ubiquitous neutral modes, and the overwhelming suppression of anyonic interference in Mach-Zehnder interferometry platforms. We also point out other signatures of such edge reconstruction.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures and Supplementary Material. v2 -- Updated References and Acknowledgment + Minor Revisions. v3 -- Published Version
Kac-Wakimoto character formula for ortho-symplectic Lie superalgebras
Creators: name: Cheng, Shun-Jen
name: Kwon, Jae-Hoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B10

description: We classify finite-dimensional tame modules over the ortho-symplectic Lie superalgebras. For these modules we show that their characters are given by the Kac-Wakimoto character formula, thus establishing the Kac-Wakimoto conjecture for the ortho-symplectic Lie superalgebras. We further relate the Kac-Wakimoto formula to the super Jacobi polynomials of Sergeev and Veselov, and show that these polynomials, up to a sign, give the super characters for these tame modules.
description: 33 pages
A First Search for Cosmogenic Neutrinos with the ARIANNA Hexagonal Radio Array
Creators: name: ARIANNA Collaboration
name: Barwick, S. W.
name: Berg, E. C.
name: Besson, D. Z.
name: Binder, G.
name: Binns, W. R.
name: Boersma, D.
name: Bose, R. G.
name: Braun, D. L.
name: Buckley, J. H.
name: Bugaev, V.
name: Buitink, S.
name: Dookayka, K.
name: Dowkontt, P. F.
name: Duffin, T.
name: Euler, S.
name: Gerhardt, L.
name: Gustafsson, L.
name: Hallgren, A.
name: Hanson, J. C.
name: Israel, M. H.
name: Kiryluk, J.
name: Klein, S.
name: Kleinfelder, S.
name: Niederhausen, H.
name: Olevitch, M. A.
name: Persichelli, C.
name: Ratzlaff, K.
name: Rauch, B. F.
name: Reed, C.
name: Roumi, M.
name: Samanta, A.
name: Simburger, G. E.
name: Stezelberger, T.
name: Tatar, J.
name: Uggerhoj, U.
name: Walker, J.
name: Young, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ARIANNA experiment seeks to observe the diffuse flux of neutrinos in the 10^8 - 10^10 GeV energy range using a grid of radio detectors at the surface of the Ross Ice Shelf of Antarctica. The detector measures the coherent Cherenkov radiation produced at radio frequencies, from about 100 MHz to 1 GHz, by charged particle showers generated by neutrino interactions in the ice. The ARIANNA Hexagonal Radio Array (HRA) is being constructed as a prototype for the full array. During the 2013-14 austral summer, three HRA stations collected radio data which was wirelessly transmitted off site in nearly real-time. The performance of these stations is described and a simple analysis to search for neutrino signals is presented. The analysis employs a set of three cuts that reject background triggers while preserving 90% of simulated cosmogenic neutrino triggers. No neutrino candidates are found in the data and a model-independent 90% confidence level Neyman upper limit is placed on the all flavor neutrino+antineutrino flux in a sliding decade-wide energy bin. The limit reaches a minimum of 1.9x10^-23 GeV^-1 cm^-2 s^-1 sr^-1 in the 10^8.5 - 10^9.5 GeV energy bin. Simulations of the performance of the full detector are also described. The sensitivity of the full ARIANNA experiment is presented and compared with current neutrino flux models.
description: 22 pages, 22 figures. Published in Astroparticle Physics
Экономика России: системный взгляд
Creators: name: Сухарев О.С.
Publisher: name: Вестник Института экономики РАН
Year: 2018

description: (Рецензия на академический учебник «Национальная экономика», 5-ое изд., перераб. и доп. / Под ред. д.э.н., проф. П.В. Савченко М.: Инфра–М, 2018.
Effects of intermediate scales on renormalization group running of fermion observables in an SO(10) model
Creators: name: Meloni, Davide
name: Ohlsson, Tommy
name: Riad, Stella
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of non-supersymmetric SO(10) models, we analyze the renormalization group equations for the fermions (including neutrinos) from the GUT energy scale down to the electroweak energy scale, explicitly taking into account the effects of an intermediate energy scale induced by a Pati--Salam gauge group. To determine the renormalization group running, we use a numerical minimization procedure based on a nested sampling algorithm that randomly generates the values of 19 model parameters at the GUT scale, evolves them, and finally constructs the values of the physical observables and compares them to the existing experimental data at the electroweak scale. We show that the evolved fermion masses and mixings present sizable deviations from the values obtained without including the effects of the intermediate scale.
description: Comments: 20 pages, 3 figures. Final version published in JHEP
Retrieve the Bethe states of quantum integrable models solved via off-diagonal Bethe Ansatz
Creators: name: Zhang, Xin
name: Li, Yuan-Yuan
name: Cao, Junpeng
name: Yang, Wen-Li
name: Shi, Kangjie
name: Wang, Yupeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the inhomogeneous T-Q relation constructed via the off-diagonal Bethe Ansatz, a systematic method for retrieving the Bethe-type eigenstates of integrable models without obvious reference state is developed by employing certain orthogonal basis of the Hilbert space. With the XXZ spin torus model and the open XXX spin-1/2 chain as examples, we show that for a given inhomogeneous T-Q relation and the associated Bethe Ansatz equations, the constructed Bethe-type eigenstate has a well-defined homogeneous limit.
description: 21 pages, no figure, published version
Cosymplectic p-spheres
Creators: name: Cappelletti-Montano, Beniamino
name: De Nicola, Antonio
name: Yudin, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C25, 53D35

description: We introduce cosymplectic circles and cosymplectic spheres, which are the analogues in the cosymplectic setting of contact circles and contact spheres. We provide a complete classification of compact 3-manifolds that admit a cosymplectic circle. The properties of tautness and roundness for a cosymplectic $p$-sphere are studied. To any taut cosymplectic circle on a three-dimensional manifold $M$ we are able to canonically associate a complex structure and a conformal symplectic couple on $M \times \mathbb{R}$. We prove that a cosymplectic circle in dimension three is round if and only if it is taut. On the other hand, we provide examples in higher dimensions of cosymplectic circles which are taut but not round and examples of cosymplectic circles which are round but not taut.
description: 17 pages, accepted for publication in Journal of Geometry and Physics
A Cough-based deep learning framework for detecting COVID-19
Creators: name: Hoang, Truong
name: Pham, Lam
name: Ngo, Dat
name: Nguyen, Hoang D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: J.3; I.5.4; I.5.2; H.5.5; C.3; K.5
subject: 92-05, 68Txx

description: This paper presents a deep learning framework for detecting COVID-19 positive subjects from their cough sounds. In particular, the proposed approach comprises two main steps. In the first step, we generate a feature representing the cough sound by combining an embedding extracted from a pre-trained model and handcrafted features extracted from draw audio recording, referred to as the front-end feature extraction. Then, the combined features are fed into different back-end classification models for detecting COVID-19 positive subjects in the second step. Our experiments on the Track-2 dataset of the Second 2021 DiCOVA Challenge achieved the second top ranking with an AUC score of 81.21 and the top F1 score of 53.21 on a Blind Test set, improving the challenge baseline by 8.43% and 23.4% respectively and showing deployability, robustness and competitiveness with the state-of-the-art systems.
description: COVID-19, EMBC-2022, DiCOVA, top 2nd, benchmark on Spec > 0.95%
Radio-frequency C-V measurements with sub-attofarad sensitivity
Creators: name: Malinowski, Filip K.
name: Han, Lin
name: de Jong, Damaz
name: Wang, Ji-Yin
name: Prosko, Christian G.
name: Badawy, Ghada
name: Gazibegovic, Sasa
name: Liu, Yu
name: Krogstrup, Peter
name: Bakkers, Erik P. A. M.
name: Kouwenhoven, Leo P.
name: Koski, Jonne V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the use of radio-frequency (rf) resonators to measure the capacitance of nano-scale semiconducting devices in field-effect transistor configurations. The rf resonator is attached to the gate or the lead of the device. Consequently, tuning the carrier density in the conducting channel of the device affects the resonance frequency, quantitatively reflecting its capacitance. We test the measurement method on InSb and InAs nanowires at dilution-refrigerator temperatures. The measured capacitances are consistent with those inferred from the periodicity of the Coulomb blockade of quantum dots realized in the same devices. In an implementation of the resonator using an off-chip superconducting spiral inductor we find sensitivity values reaching down to 75~zF/$\sqHz$ at 1~kHz measurement bandwidth, and noise down to 0.45~aF at 1~Hz bandwidth. We estimate the sensitivity of the method for a number of other implementations. In particular we predict typical sensitivity of about 40~zF/$\sqHz$ at room temperature with a resonator comprised of off-the-shelf components. Of several proposed applications, we demonstrate two: the capacitance measurement of several identical 80~nm-wide gates with a single resonator, and the field-effect mobility measurement of an individual nanowire with the gate capacitance measured in-situ.
Multifragmentation model for the production of astrophysical strangelets
Creators: name: Biswas, Sayan
name: De, J. N.
name: Joarder, Partha S.
name: Raha, Sibaji
name: Syam, Debapriyo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Determination of baryon number (or mass) distribution of the strangelets, that may fragment out of the warm and excited strange quark matter ejected in the merger of strange stars in compact binary stellar systems in the Galaxy, is attempted here by using a statistical disassembly model. Finite mass of strange quarks is taken into account in the analysis. Resulting charges of the strangelets and the corresponding Coulomb corrections are included to get a plausible size distribution of those strangelets as they are produced in binary stellar mergers thus getting injected in the Galaxy. From this mass distribution of strangelets at their source, an approximate order of magnitude estimate for their possible flux in solar neighborhood is attempted by using a simple diffusion model for their propagation in the Galaxy. Such theoretical estimate is important in view of the ongoing efforts to detect galactic strangelets by recent satellite-borne experiments.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures
Nonlocal diffusion of variable order on complex networks
Creators: name: Bertaccini, Daniele
name: Durastante, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C82, 65L04, 65F60

description: Some aspects of nonlocal dynamics on directed and undirected networks for an initial value problem whose Jacobian matrix is a variable-order fractional power of a Laplacian matrix are discussed here. This is a new extension to non-stationary behavior of a class of non-local phenomena on complex networks for which both directed and undirected graphs are considered. Under appropriate assumptions, the existence, uniqueness, and uniform asymptotic stability of the solutions of the underlying initial value problem are proved. Some examples giving a sample of the behavior of the dynamics are also included.
Remote sensing image classification exploiting multiple kernel learning
Creators: name: Cusano, Claudio
name: Napoletano, Paolo
name: Schettini, Raimondo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a strategy for land use classification which exploits Multiple Kernel Learning (MKL) to automatically determine a suitable combination of a set of features without requiring any heuristic knowledge about the classification task. We present a novel procedure that allows MKL to achieve good performance in the case of small training sets. Experimental results on publicly available datasets demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach.
description: Accepted for publication on the IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing letters
$B$ Flavour Anomalies: 2021 Theoretical Status Report
Creators: name: London, David
name: Matias, Joaquim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At the present time, there are discrepancies with the predictions of the SM in several observables involving $b \to s \ell^+ \ell^-$ and $b \to c \ell^- {\barν}_\ell$ decays. These are the $B$ flavour anomalies. In this review, we summarize the data as of Moriond 2021 and present theoretical new-physics explanations from both a model-independent effective-field-theory point of view and through the building of explicit models. Throughout, we stress the complementarity of these two approaches. We also discuss combined explanations of both $B$ anomalies, and present models that also explain other problems, such as dark matter, $(g-2)_μ$, neutrino properties, and hadronic anomalies.
description: 48 pages, 1 figure. To be published in the Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science. Changes: minor modifications of the text, references updated and added
On the nuclear robustness of the r process in neutron-star mergers
Creators: name: Mendoza-Temis, Joel de Jesús
name: Wu, Meng-Ru
name: Langanke, Karlheinz
name: Martínez-Pinedo, Gabriel
name: Bauswein, Andreas
name: Janka, Hans-Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed r-process calculations for matter ejected dynamically in neutron star mergers based on a complete set of trajectories from a three-dimensional relativistic smoothed particle hydrodynamic simulation. Our calculations consider an extended nuclear network, including spontaneous, $β$- and neutron-induced fission and adopting fission yield distributions from the ABLA code. We have studied the sensitivity of the r-process abundances to nuclear masses by using different models. Most of the trajectories, corresponding to 90% of the ejected mass, follow a relatively slow expansion allowing for all neutrons to be captured. The resulting abundances are very similar to each other and reproduce the general features of the observed r-process abundance (the second and third peaks, the rare-earth peak and the lead peak) for all mass models as they are mainly determined by the fission yields. We find distinct differences in the abundance yields at and just above the third peak, which can be traced back to different predictions of neutron separation energies for r-process nuclei around neutron number $N=130$. The remaining trajectories, which contribute 10% by mass to the total integrated abundances, follow such a fast expansion that the r process does not use all the neutrons. This also leads to a larger variation of abundances among trajectories as fission does not dominate the r-process dynamics. The total integrated abundances are dominated by contributions from the slow abundances and hence reproduce the general features of the observed r-process abundances. We find that at timescales of weeks relevant for kilonova light curve calculations, the abundance of actinides is larger than the one of lanthanides. Hence actinides can be even more important than lanthanides to determine the photon opacities under kilonova conditions. (Abridged)
description: 17 pages, 7 figures, resubmitted to PRC addressing referee comments
Quench dynamics of Rényi negativities and the quasiparticle picture
Creators: name: Murciano, Sara
name: Alba, Vincenzo
name: Calabrese, Pasquale
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of the moments of the partially transposed density matrix provides a new and effective way of detecting bipartite entanglement in a many-body mixed state. This is valuable for cold-atom and ion-trap experiments, as well as in the general context of quantum simulation of many-body systems. In this work we study the time evolution after a quantum quench of the moments of the partial transpose, and several related quantities, such as the Rényi negativities. By combining Conformal Field Theory (CFT) results with integrability, we show that, in the space-time scaling limit of long times and large subsystems, a quasiparticle description allows for a complete understanding of the Rényi negativities. We test our analytical predictions against exact numerical results for free-fermion and free-boson lattice models, even though our framework applies to generic interacting integrable systems.
description: 24 pages, 7 figures
Context-Tree-Based Lossy Compression and Its Application to CSI Representation
Creators: name: Miyamoto, Henrique K.
name: Yang, Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose novel compression algorithms for time-varying channel state information (CSI) in wireless communications. The proposed scheme combines (lossy) vector quantisation and (lossless) compression. First, the new vector quantisation technique is based on a class of parametrised companders applied on each component of the normalised CSI vector. Our algorithm chooses a suitable compander in an intuitively simple way whenever empirical data are available. Then, the sequences of quantisation indices are compressed using a context-tree-based approach. Essentially, we update the estimate of the conditional distribution of the source at each instant and encode the current symbol with the estimated distribution. The algorithms have low complexity, are linear-time in both the spatial dimension and time duration, and can be implemented in an online fashion. We run simulations to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms in such scenarios.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in the IEEE Transactions on Communications
Deep Community Detection
Creators: name: Chen, Pin-Yu
name: Hero, Alfred O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A deep community in a graph is a connected component that can only be seen after removal of nodes or edges from the rest of the graph. This paper formulates the problem of detecting deep communities as multi-stage node removal that maximizes a new centrality measure, called the local Fiedler vector centrality (LFVC), at each stage. The LFVC is associated with the sensitivity of algebraic connectivity to node or edge removals. We prove that a greedy node/edge removal strategy, based on successive maximization of LFVC, has bounded performance loss relative to the optimal, but intractable, combinatorial batch removal strategy. Under a stochastic block model framework, we show that the greedy LFVC strategy can extract deep communities with probability one as the number of observations becomes large. We apply the greedy LFVC strategy to real-world social network datasets. Compared with conventional community detection methods we demonstrate improved ability to identify important communities and key members in the network.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures, journal submission and supplementary file (Figures 11-13), to appear in IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
Deep Learning Transformer Architecture for Named Entity Recognition on Low Resourced Languages: State of the art results
Creators: name: Hanslo, Ridewaan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.7

description: This paper reports on the evaluation of Deep Learning (DL) transformer architecture models for Named-Entity Recognition (NER) on ten low-resourced South African (SA) languages. In addition, these DL transformer models were compared to other Neural Network and Machine Learning (ML) NER models. The findings show that transformer models substantially improve performance when applying discrete fine-tuning parameters per language. Furthermore, fine-tuned transformer models outperform other neural network and machine learning models on NER with the low-resourced SA languages. For example, the transformer models obtained the highest F-scores for six of the ten SA languages and the highest average F-score surpassing the Conditional Random Fields ML model. Practical implications include developing high-performance NER capability with less effort and resource costs, potentially improving downstream NLP tasks such as Machine Translation (MT). Therefore, the application of DL transformer architecture models for NLP NER sequence tagging tasks on low-resourced SA languages is viable. Additional research could evaluate the more recent transformer architecture models on other Natural Language Processing tasks and applications, such as Phrase chunking, MT, and Part-of-Speech tagging.
description: 8 pages, 6 tables, and 3 figures
Fourth-moment Analysis for Wave Propagation in the White-Noise Paraxial Regime
Creators: name: Garnier, Josselin
name: Solna, Knut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H15, 35R60, 74J20

description: In this paper we consider the Ito-Schrodinger model for wave propagation in random media in the paraxial regime. We solve the equation for the fourth-order moment of the field in the regime where the correlation length of the medium is smaller than the initial beam width. As applications we prove that the centered fourth-order moments of the field satisfy the Gaussian summation rule, we derive the covariance function of the intensity of the transmitted beam, and the variance of the smoothed Wigner transform of the transmitted field. The second application is used to explicitly quantify the scintillation of the transmitted beam and the third application to quantify the statistical stability of the Wigner transform.
description: 2 figures
Large-Spin and Large-Winding Expansions of Giant Magnons and Single Spikes
Creators: name: Floratos, Emmanuel
name: Linardopoulos, Georgios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize the method of our recent paper on the large-spin expansions of Gubser-Klebanov-Polyakov (GKP) strings to the large-spin and large-winding expansions of finite-size giant magnons and finite-size single spikes. By expressing the energies of long open strings in RxS2 in terms of Lambert's W-function, we compute the leading, subleading and next-to-subleading series of classical exponential corrections to the dispersion relations of Hofman-Maldacena giant magnons and infinite-winding single spikes. We also compute the corresponding expansions in the doubled regions of giant magnons and single spikes that are respectively obtained when their angular and linear velocities become smaller or greater than unity.
description: 43 pages, 13 figures; Matches published version. Rewritten appendix C
Quantum Measurements in the Light of Quantum State Estimation
Creators: name: Zhu, Huangjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from a simple estimation problem, here we propose a general approach for decoding quantum measurements from the perspective of information extraction. By virtue of the estimation fidelity only, we provide surprisingly simple characterizations of rank-1 projective measurements, mutually unbiased measurements, and symmetric informationally complete measurements. Notably, our conclusions do not rely on any assumption on the rank, purity, or the number of measurement outcomes, and we do not need bases to start with. Our work demonstrates that all these elementary quantum measurements are uniquely determined by their information-extraction capabilities, which are not even anticipated before. In addition, we offer a new perspective for understanding noncommutativity and incompatibility from tomographic performances, which also leads to a universal criterion for detecting quantum incompatibility. Furthermore, we show that the estimation fidelity can be used to distinguish inequivalent mutually unbiased bases and symmetric informationally complete measurements. In the course of study, we introduce the concept of (weighted complex projective) $1/2$-designs and show that all $1/2$-designs are tied to symmetric informationally complete measurements, and vice versa.
description: 19+15 pages, 8 figures, and 1 table; published in PRX Quantum
A Study on Investment Behaviour of Salaried People with Splecial Reference to Coimbatore City
Creators: name: Ms.J.Novinasteffy, R.Sakthivel, T.N.Subhashri
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This study examines the investment behavior of salaried individuals in Coimbatore City, focusing on the factorsinfluencing their financial decisions, risk preferences, and asset allocation patterns. Using a survey-based approach, the research examines the impact of demographic variables such as age, income, education, and financial literacy on investment choices. It also explores the role of psychological factors like risk tolerance, saving motives, and the influence of peers and family. The type of sampling method used for the study is Simple Random Sampling. The response has been collected from the people of Coimbatore city. Primary as well as secondary data were used for this research. The Primary data was gathered from questionnaire. We received a response from 50 respondents.