cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Genome-wide transcriptome analysis reveals equine embryonic stem cell-derived tenocytes resemble fetal, not adult tenocytes
Creators: name: Paterson, Y. Z.
name: A. Cribbs
name: M. Espenel
name: E. J. Smith
name: F. M. D. Henson
name: D. J. Guest
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Primer Sequences used for qPCR. Table S2. Primary and secondary antibodies used for immunocytochemistry. Table S3. Gene Analytics pathway analysis of differentially expressed genes in 3D cultured equine tenocytes. The Gene Analytics pathway analysis tool was used to determine the top 10 pathways which are upregulated for each pairwise comparison of DE genes in adult, fetal and ESC-tenocytes based on entity score. Table S4. GO analysis of DE genes between adult and fetal tenocytes cultured in 2D versus 3D. Summary of the significantly enriched gene ontology (GO) biological process terms. The panther GO-slim statistical overrepresentation test tool was used to determine over representation of defined GO classification for the 183 genes that were commonly DE between adult and fetal cells in 2D versus 3D culture. Table S5. Gene Analytics pathway analysis of DE genes in 2D versus 3D cultured tenocytes. (A) The GeneAnalytics pathway analysis tool used to determine the top pathways which are upregulated in monolayer cultures of fetal and adult tenocytes compared to 3D fetal and adult cultures respectively. (B) The GeneAnalytics pathway analysis tool used to determine the top pathways which are upregulated in 3D cultures of fetal and adult tenocytes compared to monolayer fetal and adult cultures respectively.
Additional file 1 of Joint association of physical activity and diet quality with dyslipidemia: a cross-sectional study in Western China
Creators: name: Mutalifu, Munire
name: Zhao, Qian
name: Wang, Ying
name: Hamulati, Xieyire
name: Wang, Yu-Shan
name: Deng, Lei
name: Adili, Niyaziaili
name: Liu, Fen
name: Yang, Yi-Ning
name: Li, Xiao-Mei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: Additional file 1: Additional table 1. Frequency of each dietary term in dyslipidemia and normal groups. Additional table 2. Lipid levels based on different subpopulation. Additional Fig. 1. Kernel density plots for lipid subtypes based on age, sex, and physical activity. Additional table 3. Prevalence of different types of dyslipidemia. Additional Fig. 2. The prevalence of borderline high and high of lipid subtypes based on sex. Additional Fig. 3. Dose-response association between moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, diet quality with dyslipidemia. Additional table 4. Joint associations of physical activity and diet quality with dyslipidemia. Additional table 5. Joint associations of physical activity and age with dyslipidemia. Additional table 6. Joint associations of diet quality and age with dyslipidemia.
Animating sand as a fluid
Creators: name: Zhu, Yongning
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: My thesis presents a physics-based simulation method for animating sand. To allow for efficiently scaling up to large volumes of sand, we abstract away the individual grains and think of the sand as a continuum. In particular we show that an existing water simulator can-be turned into a sand simulator within frictional regime with only a few small additions to account for inter-grain and boundary friction, yet with visually acceptable result. We also propose an alternative method for simulating fluids. Our core representation is a cloud of particles, which allows for accurate and flexible surface tracking and advection. but we use an auxiliary grid to efficiently enforce boundary conditions and incompressibility. We further address the issue of reconstructing a surface from particle data to render each frame.
Additional file 1 of An assessment of the quality of current clinical meta-analyses
Creators: name: Irbaz Hameed
name: Demetres, Michelle
name: Tam, Derrick Y.
name: Rahouma, Mohamed
name: Khan, Faiza M.
name: Wright, Drew N.
name: Mages, Keith
name: DeRosa, Antonio P.
name: Nelson, Becky Baltich
name: Pain, Kevin
name: Delgado, Diana
name: Girardi, Leonard N.
name: Fremes, Stephen E.
name: Gaudino, Mario
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Summary of quality assessments and scoring Study Protocol. Table S2. Top tier clinical journals (SCImago ranking) reporting meta-analyses. Table S3. The highest-ranking clinical journals (SCImago) reporting aggregate-level meta-analyses and the number of included meta-analyses in our quality assessment. Table S4. Peer Review of Electronic Search Strategies (PRESS) checklist scoring by two librarians. For the points in each section of the PRESS checklist, if none or less than half were addressed, it was scored as “not addressed” or “mostly incomplete.” If half, more than half, or all were addressed, it was scored as “mostly complete” or “fully addressed.” “Not applicable” was used if the point was not relevant to the instance or unable to be evaluated. Table S5. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Checklist scoring. Table S6. Institute of Medicine (IOM) checklist scoring. For the points in each section of the IOM checklist, if none or less than half were addressed, it was scored as “not addressed” or “mostly incomplete.” If half, more than half, or all were addressed, it was scored as “mostly complete” or “fully addressed.” “Not applicable” was used if the point was not relevant to the instance or unable to be evaluated. Table S7. Inter-observer agreement between librarians for Peer Review of Electronic Search Strategies (PRESS) checklist. Table S8. Correlation (r) between continuous meta-analyses variables and checklist scores.
Excitation of low-frequency QPOs in black-hole accretion
Creators: name: Giannios, Dimitrios
name: Spruit, Henk C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study possible mechanisms of excitation of quasiperiodic oscillations in the accretion flow of black hole accreters in their hard spectral states, in the context of the `truncated disk' model. Quasi-spherical oscillations of the inner ion-supported accretion flow (ISAF) can be excited by the interaction of this hot flow with the cool disk extending outward from it. The fundamental mode of (p-mode) oscillation is most easily excited, and has a frequency near the Kepler frequency at the inner edge of the cool disk. The strongest excitation mechanism is a feedback loop involving cooling of the ISAF by soft photons from the cool disk and heating of the cool disk by the ISAF, while synchrotron emission can be a relatively strong damping effect. Growth times are computed by detailed Comptonization calculations of the interaction of an idealized ISAF with a cool disk. Typical growth times as short as a few dynamical times are found, while amplitudes can be as large as 10%.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
title: Reburns of High Severity Patches: Effects on Ponderosa Pine Regeneration and Plant Community Composition
Creators: name: Mouallem, Nadav
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2024

description: The area burned in high severity fire as well as the proportion of fires burning at high severity have been increasing in southwestern ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) forests since the 1980s. These fires often contain large patches (>100 ha) of 100% tree mortality, which are a concern as they can lead to the establishment of nonnative species and conversion to non-forest vegetation. And, with an increasing amount of fire on the landscape, high severity patches are reburning. However, information on the ecological trajectory of reburns of high-severity patches as well as the utility of remotely sensed burn severity metrics (dNBR) in these reburns is largely unknown. In this thesis I investigate how reburns of high severity patches affect ponderosa pine regeneration and plant community composition, as well as the ecological significance of dNBR in these reburns.
Chapter 1 examines the effects of reburns of high severity patches on ponderosa pine presence and regeneration. Across nine fires in northern Arizona, I found no significant differences in total ponderosa pine regeneration between areas burned once at high severity and those that reburned. This suggests that after high severity fire, at least where seed sources exist nearby, ponderosa pine may be resilient to reburns. However, regeneration was highly variable among fires. Within reburned areas, I found that reburn burn severity (dNBR) had a negative association with post-reburn ponderosa pine regeneration density, suggesting that dNBR is capturing a measure of ecosystem change that affects post-reburn regeneration.
Chapter 2 explores the effects of reburns of high severity patches on plant community composition. Across nine fires and 892 plots, I found that the initial high severity fire defines the ecological trajectory of reburned areas, and reburns generally reinforce changes initiated by the first fire. Additionally, reburns can bolster nonnative species cover, with a small but positive association between nonnative species and higher reburn burn severity.
Collectively, these chapters expand our understanding of how reburns of high severity patches impact ponderosa pine regeneration and plant community composition and the utility of remotely sensed burn severity in these patches.
Quark matter in light neutron stars
Creators: name: Ferreira, Márcio
name: Pereira, Renan Câmara
name: Providência, Constança
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Higher-order repulsive interactions are included in the three-flavor NJL model in order to describe the quark phase of an hybrid star. The effect of 4-quark and 8-quark vector-isoscalar interactions in the stability of hybrid star configurations is analyzed. The presence of a 8-quark vector-isoscalar channel is seen to be crucial in generating large quark branches in the $M(R)$ diagram. This is due to its stiffening effect on the quark matter equation of state which arises from the non-linear density dependence of the speed of sound. This additional interaction channel allows for the appearance of a quark core at moderately low NS masses, $\sim 1M_{\odot}$, and provides the required repulsion to preserve the star stability up to $\sim2.1M_{\odot}$. Furthermore, we show that both the heaviest NS mass generated, $M_{\text{max}}$, and its radii, $R_{\text{max}}$, are quite sensitive to the strength of 8-quark vector-isoscalar channel, leading to a considerable decrease of $R_{\text{max}}$ as the coupling increases. This behavior imprints a considerable deviation from the purely hadronic matter equation of state in the $Λ(M)$ diagram, which might be a possible signature of the quark matter existence, even for moderately low NS masses, $\sim 1.4\, M_\odot$. The resulting $M(R)$ and $Λ(R)$ relations are in accordance with the latest astrophysical constraints from NICER and Ligo/VIRGO observations, respectively.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
DiPerF: an automated DIstributed PERformance testing Framework
Creators: name: Dumitrescu, Catalin
name: Raicu, Ioan
name: Ripeanu, Matei
name: Foster, Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present DiPerF, a distributed performance testing framework, aimed at simplifying and automating service performance evaluation. DiPerF coordinates a pool of machines that test a target service, collects and aggregates performance metrics, and generates performance statistics. The aggregate data collected provide information on service throughput, on service "fairness" when serving multiple clients concurrently, and on the impact of network latency on service performance. Furthermore, using this data, it is possible to build predictive models that estimate a service performance given the service load. We have tested DiPerF on 100+ machines on two testbeds, Grid3 and PlanetLab, and explored the performance of job submission services (pre WS GRAM and WS GRAM) included with Globus Toolkit 3.2.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, will appear in IEEE/ACM Grid2004, November 2004
Structure of two-loop SMEFT anomalous dimensions via on-shell methods
Creators: name: Bern, Zvi
name: Parra-Martinez, Julio
name: Sawyer, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe on-shell methods for computing one- and two-loop anomalous dimensions in the context of effective field theories containing higher-dimension operators. We also summarize methods for computing one-loop amplitudes, which are used as inputs to the computation of two-loop anomalous dimensions, and we explain how the structure of rational terms and judicious renormalization scheme choices can lead to additional vanishing terms in the anomalous dimension matrix at two loops. We describe the two-loop implications for the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT). As a by-product of this analysis we verify a variety of one-loop SMEFT anomalous dimensions computed by Alonso, Jenkins, Manohar and Trott.
description: 58 pages, 8 figures, 6 tables
Vector meson angular distributions in proton-proton collisions
Creators: name: Faessler, Amand
name: Fuchs, C.
name: Krivoruchenko, M. I.
name: Martemyanov, B. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The resonance model is used to analyze the omega- and phi-meson angular distributions in proton-proton collisions at sqrt{s} = 2.83 and 2.98 GeV. The assumption of dominant contributions from N^*(1720)3/2+ and N^*(1900)3/2+ resonances which both have, according to the pi N scattering multichannel partial-wave analysis and/or quark models predictions, dominant p_{1/2} N-omega decay modes yields the right pattern of the omega angular distribution at sqrt{s} = 2.83 GeV. The angular distribution at sqrt{s} = 2.98 GeV can be reproduced assuming the dominance of N^*(2000)5/2+ and N^*(1900)3/2+. The experimental phi-meson angular distributions do not shown any asymmetry which requires the existence of a massive negative-parity spin-half resonance. This resonance could be identified with the N^*(2090)1/2-.
description: 7 pages, 4 eps-figures, to appear in PRC
The onset time of Fermi's golden rule
Creators: name: Debierre, V.
name: Lassalle, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fermi's golden rule describes the decay dynamics of unstable quantum systems coupled to a reservoir, and predicts a linear decay in time. Although it arises at relatively short times, the Fermi regime does not take hold in the earliest stages of the quantum dynamics. The standard criterion in the literature for the onset time of the Fermi regime is $t_F\sim1/Δω$, with $Δω$ the frequency interval around the resonant transition frequency $ω_0$ of the system, over which the coupling to the reservoir does not vary appreciably. In this work, this criterion is shown to be inappropriate in general for broadband reservoirs, where the reservoir coupling spectrum takes the form $R\left(ω\right)\proptoω^η$, and for which it is found that for $η>1$, the onset time of the Fermi regime is given by $t_F\propto\left(ω_{\mathrm{X}}/ω_0\right)^{η-1}\times1/ω_0$ where $ω_{\mathrm{X}}$ is the high-frequency cutoff of the reservoir. Therefore, the onset of the Fermi regime can take place at times orders of magnitude larger than those predicted by the standard criterion. This phenomenon is shown to be related to the excitation of the off-resonant frequencies of the reservoir at short times. For broadband reservoirs with $η\leq1$, and for narrowband reservoirs, it is shown that the standard criterion is correct. Our findings revisit the conditions of applicability of Fermi's golden rule and improve our understanding of the dynamics of unstable quantum systems.
Very High-Redshift Lensed Galaxies
Creators: name: Pello, R.
name: Schaerer, D.
name: Richard, J.
name: Borgne, J. - F. Le
name: Kneib, J. - P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review in this paper the main results recently obtained on the identification and study of very high-z galaxies usinglensing clusters as natural gravitational telescopes. We present in detail our pilot survey with ISAAC/VLT, aimed at the detection of z>7 sources. Evolutionary synthesis models for extremely metal-poor and PopIII starbursts have been used to derive the observational properties expected for these high-z galaxies, such as expected magnitudes and colors, line fluxes for the main emission lines, etc. These models have allowed to define fairly robust selection criteria to find z~7-10 galaxies based on broad-band near-IR photometry in combination with the traditional Lyman drop-out technique. The first results issued from our photometric and spectroscopic survey are discussed, in particular the preliminary confirmation rate, and the global properties of our high-z candidates, including the latest results on the possible z=10.0 candidate A1835-1916. The search efficiency should be significantly improved by the future near-IR multi-object ground-based and space facilities. However, strong lensing clusters remain a factor of ~5-10 more efficient than blank fields in this redshift domain, within the FOV of a few arcminutes around the cluster core, for the typical depth required for this survey project.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, Proceedings of IAU Symposium No. 225: The Impact of Gravitational Lensing on Cosmology, Y. Mellier and G. Meylan, Eds
Consumer Interest in Environmentally Beneficial Chicken Feeds: Comparing High Available Phosphorus Corn and Other Varieties
Creators: name: Pesek, John D.
name: Bernard, John C.
name: Gupta, Meeta
name: Pesek, John D.
name: Bernard, John C.
name: Gupta, Meeta
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: chicken
subject: conjoint analysis
subject: corn
subject: genetically modified
subject: heteroscedastic
subject: phosphorus pollution
subject: Tobit

description: One source of phosphorous pollution in areas of high chicken production is runoff from fields using fertilizer from these operations. A potential solution is to feed chicken high available phosphorus (HAP) corn, reducing phosphorus in manure. This study examined consumer purchase likelihood of chickens fed HAP, created traditionally or through genetic modification, and other genetically modified (GM) corn including Bt and Roundup-ready. Survey results from the Delmarva Peninsula found considerable interest in non-GM HAP corn, although GM HAP corn was not typically viewed as more acceptable than other GM varieties. Overall, the marketplace appears open to products geared toward environmental benefits.
Sketch-based modeling of parameterized objects
Creators: name: Yang, Chen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis presents a modeling system that constructs 3D models of particular object classes, such as cups, airplanes, and fish, from 2D sketches. The core of the system is a sketch recognition algorithm that seeks to match the points and curves of a set of given 2D templates to the sketch. The matching process employs an optimization metric that is based on curve feature vectors. The search space of possible correspondences is restricted by encoding knowledge about relative part locations into the 2D template. Once a best-fit template is found, a 3D object is constructed using a series of measurements that are extracted from the labelled 2D sketch. The sketch-recognition and modeling algorithms are applied to sketches of cups and mugs, airplanes, and fish. The system allows non-experts to use drawings to quickly create 3D models of specific object classes.
Mitigating Cotton Revenue Risk Through Irrigation, Insurance, and Hedging
Creators: name: Barham, E. Hart Bise
name: Robinson, John R.C.
name: Richardson, James W.
name: Rister, M. Edward
name: Barham, E. Hart Bise
name: Robinson, John R.C.
name: Richardson, James W.
name: Rister, M. Edward
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: cotton
subject: crop insurance
subject: irrigation
subject: options
subject: puts
subject: risk
subject: simulation
subject: stochastic efficiency with respect to a function

description: This study focuses on managing cotton production and marketing risks using combinations of irrigation levels, put options (as price insurance), and crop insurance. Stochastic cotton yields and prices are used to simulate a whole-farm financial statement for a 1,000 acre furrow irrigated cotton farm in the Texas Lower Rio Grande Valley under 16 combinations of risk management strategies. Analyses for risk-averse decision makers indicate that multiple irrigations are preferred. The benefits to purchasing put options increase with yields, as they are more beneficial when higher yields are expected from applying more irrigation applications. Crop insurance is strongly preferred at lower irrigation levels.
Illuminating a tadpole's metamorphosis II: observing the on-going transformation with ALMA
Creators: name: Reiter, Megan
name: Guzmán, Andrés E.
name: Haworth, Thomas J.
name: Klaassen, Pamela D.
name: McLeod, Anna F.
name: Garay, Guido
name: Mottram, Joseph C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of the tadpole, a small globule in the Carina Nebula that hosts the HH 900 jet+outflow system. Our data include $^{12}$CO, $^{13}$CO, C$^{18}$O J=2-1, $^{13}$CO, C$^{18}$O J=3-2, and serendipitous detections of DCN J=3-2 and CS J=7-6. With angular resolution comparable to the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), our data reveal for the first time the bipolar molecular outflow in CO, seen only inside the globule, that is launched from the previously unseen jet-driving protostar (the HH 900 YSO). The biconical morphology joins smoothly with the externally irradiated outflow seen in ionized gas tracers outside the globule, tracing the overall morphology of a jet-driven molecular outflow. Continuum emission at the location of the HH 900 YSO appears to be slightly flattened perpendicular to outflow axis. Model fits to the continuum have a best-fit spectral index of $\sim 2$, suggesting cold dust and the onset of grain growth. In position-velocity space, $^{13}$CO and C$^{18}$O gas kinematics trace a C-shaped morphology, similar to infall profiles seen in other sources, although the global dynamical behaviour of the gas remains unclear. Line profiles of the CO isotopologues display features consistent with externally heated gas. We estimate a globule mass of $\sim 1.9$ M$_{\odot}$, indicating a remaining lifetime of $\sim 4$ Myr, assuming a constant photoevaporation rate. This long globule lifetime will shield the disk from external irradiation perhaps prolonging its life and enabling planet formation in regions where disks are typically rapidly destroyed.
description: MNRAS, accepted
Does Farm Size and Specialization Matter for Productive Efficiency? Results from Kansas
Creators: name: Mugera, Amin W.
name: Langemeier, Michael R.
name: Mugera, Amin W.
name: Langemeier, Michael R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Production Economics
subject: bootstrap
subject: data envelopment analysis
subject: efficiency
subject: farms

description: In this article, we used bootstrap data envelopment analysis techniques to examine technical and scale efficiency scores for a balanced panel of 564 farms in Kansas for the period 1993–2007. The production technology is estimated under three different assumptions of returns to scale and the results are compared. Technical and scale efficiency is disaggregated by farm size and specialization. Our results suggest that farms are both scale and technically inefficient. On average, technical efficiency has deteriorated over the sample period. Technical efficiency varies directly by farm size and the differences are significant. Differences across farm specializations are not significant.
SN2019dge: a Helium-rich Ultra-Stripped Envelope Supernova
Creators: name: Yao, Yuhan
name: De, Kishalay
name: Kasliwal, Mansi M.
name: Ho, Anna Y. Q.
name: Schulze, Steve
name: Li, Zhihui
name: Kulkarni, S. R.
name: Fruchter, Andrew
name: Rubin, David
name: Perley, Daniel A.
name: Fuller, Jim
name: Fremling, C.
name: Bellm, Eric C.
name: Burruss, Rick
name: Duev, Dmitry A.
name: Feeney, Michael
name: Gal-Yam, Avishay
name: Golkhou, V. Zach
name: Graham, Matthew J.
name: Helou, George
name: Kupfer, Thomas
name: Laher, Russ R.
name: Masci, Frank J.
name: Miller, Adam A.
name: Piro, Anthony L.
name: Rusholme, Ben
name: Shupe, David L.
name: Smith, Roger
name: Sollerman, Jesper
name: Soumagnac, Maayane T.
name: Zolkower, Jeffry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observations of ZTF18abfcmjw (SN2019dge), a helium-rich supernova with a fast-evolving light curve indicating an extremely low ejecta mass ($\approx 0.3\,M_\odot$) and low kinetic energy ($\approx 1.2\times 10^{50}\,{\rm erg}$). Early-time (<4 d after explosion) photometry reveal evidence of shock cooling from an extended helium-rich envelope of $\sim0.1\,M_\odot$ located at $\sim 3\times 10^{12}\,{\rm cm}$ from the progenitor. Early-time He II line emission and subsequent spectra show signatures of interaction with helium-rich circumstellar material, which extends from $\gtrsim 5\times 10^{13}\,{\rm cm}$ to $\gtrsim 2\times 10^{16}\,{\rm cm}$. We interpret SN2019dge as a helium-rich supernova from an ultra-stripped progenitor, which originates from a close binary system consisting of a mass-losing helium star and a low-mass main sequence star or a compact object (i.e., a white dwarf, a neutron star, or a black hole). We infer that the local volumetric birth rate of 19dge-like ultra-stripped SNe is in the range of 1400--8200$\,{\rm Gpc^{-3}\, yr^{-1}}$ (i.e., 2--12% of core-collapse supernova rate). This can be compared to the observed coalescence rate of compact neutron star binaries that are not formed by dynamical capture.
description: 29 pages, 23 figures, submitted to ApJ
Lags in the response of plant assemblages to global warming depends on temperature-change velocity
Creators: name: Pacheco-Riaño, L. Camila
name: Høistad Schei, Fride
name: Flantua, Suzette
name: Grytnes, John-Arvid
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Plants
Thermal lags
lags
climate change
temperature
species shifts

description: Poster presented at IBS Prague – 11th Biennial Conference. https://www.biogeography.org/meetings/past-meetings/
Assessing the Market for Poultry Litter in Georgia: Are Subsidies Needed to Protect Water Quality?
Creators: name: Mullen, Jeffrey D.
name: Bekchanov, Ulugbek
name: Karali, Berna
name: Kissel, David
name: Risse, Mark L.
name: Rowles, Kristin
name: Collier, Sam
name: Mullen, Jeffrey D.
name: Bekchanov, Ulugbek
name: Karali, Berna
name: Kissel, David
name: Risse, Mark L.
name: Rowles, Kristin
name: Collier, Sam
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: fertilizer
subject: phosphorous
subject: poultry litter
subject: subsidy
subject: transportation model
subject: water quality

description: Concerns about nutrient loads into our waters have focused attention on poultry litter applications. Like many states with a large poultry industry, Georgia recently designed a subsidy program to facilitate the transportation of poultry litter out of vulnerable watersheds. This paper uses a transportation model to examine the necessity of a poultry litter subsidy to achieve water protection goals in Georgia. We also demonstrate the relationship between diesel and synthetic fertilizer prices and the value of poultry litter. Results suggest that a well functioning market would be able to remove excess litter from vulnerable watersheds in the absence of a subsidy.
Additional file 1 of Computational design and engineering of self-assembling multivalent microproteins with therapeutic potential against SARS-CoV-2
Creators: name: Qin, Qin
name: Jiang, Xinyi
name: Huo, Liyun
name: Qian, Jiaqiang
name: Yu, Hongyuan
name: Zhu, Haixia
name: Du, Wenhao
name: Cao, Yuhui
name: Zhang, Xing
name: Huang, Qiang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1. Figure S1. Time-dependent RMSDs of the trivalent constructs. Figure S2. Principal component analysis (PCA) for a MD trajectory of MP-5ff. Figure S3. The free energy landscapes (FELs) of the MD conformations of Tr67. Figure S4. Flowchart for the single-particle cyro-EM analysis. Figure S5. RBD mutations in the Omicron variants tested. Figure S6. Best-scoring PyDock docking poses of monovalent Nb67 to the RBDs of the Omicron variants. Figure S7. Best-scoring PyDock docking poses of Tr67 to the RBDs of the Omicron variants. Table S1. The amino acid sequences of the trivalent constructs. Table S2. MM/GBSA binding free energies of trivalent constructs in MD simulations. Table S3. Cryo-EM data collection and refinement statistics. Table S4. Interfacial residues of monovalent Nb67 and Tr67 binding to RBD. Table S5. Interfacial residues of the RBDs of the cluster 1 variants with the monovalent Nb67. Table S6. Binding interface areas and numbers of interfacial residues of the best-scoring docking poses of Nb67 and Tr67 to the RBDs of the tested Omicron variants.
Determining Optimal Levels of Nitrogen Fertilizer Using Random Parameter Models
Creators: name: Tumusiime, Emmanuel
name: Brorsen, B. Wade
name: Mosali, Jagadeesh
name: Johnson, Jim
name: Locke, James
name: Biermacher, Jon T.
name: Tumusiime, Emmanuel
name: Brorsen, B. Wade
name: Mosali, Jagadeesh
name: Johnson, Jim
name: Locke, James
name: Biermacher, Jon T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Production Economics
subject: cereal rye–ryegrass
subject: Monte Carlo
subject: nitrogen
subject: random parameters
subject: stochastic plateau

description: The parameters of yield response functions can vary by year. Past studies usually assume yield functions are nstochastic ‘‘limited’’ stochastic. In this study, we estimate rye– ryegrass yield functions in which all parameters are random. The three functional forms considered are the linear response plateau, the quadratic, and the Spillman-Mitscherlich. Nonstochastic yield models are rejected in favor of stochastic parameter models. Quadratic functional forms fit the data poorly. Optimal nitrogen application recommendations are calculated for the linear response plateau and Spillman-Mitscherlich. The stochastic models lead to smaller recommended levels of nitrogen, but the economic benefits of using fully stochastic crop yield functions are small because expected profit functions are relatively flat for the stochastic yield functions. Stochastic crop yield functions provide a way of incorporating production, uncertainty into input decisions.
General relativistic non-ideal fluid equations for dark matter from a truncated cumulant expansion
Creators: name: Erschfeld, Alaric
name: Floerchinger, Stefan
name: Rupprecht, Maximilian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new truncation scheme based on the cumulant expansion of the one-particle phase-space distribution function for dark matter particles is developed. Extending the method of moments in relativistic kinetic theory, we derive evolution equations which supplement the covariant conservation of the energy-momentum tensor and particle number current. Truncating the cumulant expansion we obtain a closed, covariant and hyperbolic system of equations which can be used to model the evolution of a general relativistic non-ideal fluid. As a working example we consider a Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker cosmology with dynamic pressure and solve for the time evolution of the effective equation of state parameter.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure
EFFECTS OF POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE EMOTIONS ON HUMAN HEALTH
Creators: name: Alimirzayev, Nodirbek
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Emotions play a significant role in human health, influencing both psychological and physiological outcomes. This article explores the effects of positive and negative emotions on health, highlighting their impact on mental well-being, immune function, cardiovascular health, and overall quality of life. By reviewing existing literature, we identify the mechanisms through which emotions affect health and discuss the implications for interventions aimed at enhancing emotional well-being. The findings emphasize the need for a holistic approach to health that considers emotional states as integral components of overall wellness.
title: The effect of rising longevity on optimal education investment and retirement age
Creators: name: Spanninger, Thomas
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Longevity
subject: optimal education
subject: Ben-Porath effect
subject: retirement age
subject: uncertainty of lifetime
subject: Hazard rate

description: In dieser Diplomarbeit wird der Effekt von steigender Lebensdauer auf die individuelle Entscheidung über das optimale Bildungsniveau, genannt Ben-Porath Effekt und auf das Pensionsantrittsalter untersucht. Modelle überlappender Generationen mit drei Perioden: Kindheit, Erwachsenenalter und Pensionsalter eignen sich, um den Lebenszyklus zu modellieren. Es wird gezeigt, dass selbsterfüllende Erwartungen in Bezug von Lebenserwartung und Lebensdauer in einer Ökonomie eintreten können, wenn der Ben-Porath Effekt in der Ökonomie auftritt. Es wird diskutiert, wie Überlebenswahrscheinlichkeiten die Dynamik des Ben-Porath Effekts beachtlich beeinflussen. Durch einen Anstieg der Überlebenswahrscheinlichkeiten im mittleren und hohen Alter in den letzten Jahrzehnten ist die Lebenserwartung deutlich gestiegen. Der Ben-Porath Effekt ist unterschiedlich in Abhängigkeit altersspezifischer Änderungen von Überlebenswahrscheinlichkeiten. Es kann auch gezeigt werden, dass die Hazard Rate und die Lebensbedingungen den Ben-Porath Effekt beeinflussen. Da die Höher der Bildung das Lebenseinkommen und die gesamte Lebensarbeitszeit beeinflussen, ist es grundsätzlich notwendig auch parallel die Auswirkung von längerer Lebensdauer auf das Pensionsantrittsalter zu untersuchen.
description: This thesis investigates the effect of rising longevity on the individual’s decision of optimal education, called Ben-Porath effect and the consequences on the optimal retirement age. Overlapping generations models with three periods: childhood, working age and old age, are suitable for modeling the human life cycle. But also models with continuous and discrete flows of consumption and utility are investigated in this thesis. It will be shown that self fulfilling prophecies can occur in an economy that follows the Ben-Porath effect. The uncertainty of lifetime has a considerable impact on the dynamics of the Ben-Porath effect. Survival probabilities have strongly increased in the middle and old age during the last decades and lead to an increase in life expectancy. The Ben-Porath effect reacts on the change of age specific survival probabilities significantly. It can be shown as well, that the Hazard rate and conditions of living influence the Ben-Porath effect. Additionally, as the level of education affects the individual lifetime earnings and lifetime labor supply, it is generally necessary to investigate the effects of rising longevity on the retirement age at the same time.
Spatial inhomogeneity and strong correlation physics: a dynamical mean field study of a model Mott-insulator/band-insulator heterostructure
Creators: name: Okamoto, Satoshi
name: Millis, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the dynamical mean field method to investigate electronic properties of heterostructures in which finite number of Mott-insulator layers are embedded in a spatially infinite band-insulator. The evolution of the correlation effects with the number of Mott insulating layers and with position in the heterostructure is determined, and the optical conductivity is computed. It is shown that the heterostructures are generally metallic, with moderately renormalized bands of quasiparticles appearing at the interface between the correlated and uncorrelated regions.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Carbon Markets and Methane Digesters: Potential Implications for the Dairy Sector
Creators: name: Key, Nigel D.
name: Sneeringer, Stacy E.
name: Key, Nigel D.
name: Sneeringer, Stacy E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: anaerobic digester
subject: carbon offsets
subject: climate change
subject: distribution
subject: livestock
subject: methane

description: Anaerobic digesters that capture and burn manure methane can provide a renewable source of energy and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Paying producers for these emission reductions—either directly or through a carbon offset market—could substantially increase digester adoption. However, there is likely to be wide variation in the scale, location, and characteristics of adopters, so these policies could have long run structural implications for the livestock sector. Using a model of digester profits and data from a nationally-representative survey of dairy operations we estimate the likely distribution of digester adoption and profits under different carbon price scenarios.
Life Cycle Assessment of Food Packaging and Waste - Phase 1: Literature Review and Case Study Descriptions
Creators: name: Heller, Martin C.
name: Paine, Kari
name: Cecco, Luis
name: Keoleian, Gregory A.
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Food Packaging and Waste
subject: Life Cycle Assessment
subject: Natural Resources and Environment
subject: Science

description: While the modern food industry has always concerned itself with maintaining food safety and quality, the moral imperative of feeding a rapidly growing population, combined with a maturing recognition of the bio-physical planetary limits within which this food must be supplied, has brought acute focus to the problem of food waste. Food packaging has long served a role in protecting and preserving both perishable and shelf-stable foods, but sustainability efforts aimed at reducing the environmental impact of packaging often overlook this critical role. Life cycle assessment of food products typically indicate that the contribution to important environmental indicators from the manufacturing and disposing of packaging materials is often overshadowed by the impacts of producing the food itself. In addition, wasted food –that which is produced but not eaten – can represent a significant fraction of the overall system environmental burden. This presents an important research question: can investments in resources and associated emissions due to increased or improved packaging technologies be justified from an environmental standpoint if they contribute to reductions in food waste? Where do the trade-offs in this relationship occur, and what are the determining parameters? Can such trade-offs be demonstrated with existing food-packaging systems, and what do they teach us about the future role of packaging in further deterring food waste?
Thermostat for a relativistic gas
Creators: name: Kubli, Noah
name: Herrmann, Hans J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecular dynamics simulations of a three dimensional relativistic gas with a soft potential are conducted with different interactions and particle masses. For all cases the velocity distribution agrees numerically with the Jüttner distribution. We show how the relativistic gas can be coupled to a thermostat to simulate the canonical ensemble at a given temperature T. The behaviour of the thermostat is investigated as a function of the thermal inertia and its appropriate range is determined by evaluating the kinetic energy fluctuations.
Cow-Calf Producer Risk Preference Impacts on Retained Ownership Strategies
Creators: name: Pope, Kelsey Frasier
name: Schroeder, Ted C.
name: Langemeier, Michael R.
name: Herbel, Kevin L.
name: Pope, Kelsey Frasier
name: Schroeder, Ted C.
name: Langemeier, Michael R.
name: Herbel, Kevin L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: cow-calf producers
subject: ordered probit
subject: retained ownership
subject: risk aversion

description: Considerable efforts have been made to provide cow-calf producers with information to help them make informed decisions about adding value to calves. Despite demonstrated market incentives to retain calves, many producers still sell right after weaning. We postulate this observed behavior is related to producer risk aversion. Our study concludes risk aversion is an important factor affecting calf retention as the most risk-averse producers have more than a 60% probability of selling calves at weaning and the most risk tolerant have less than a 20% probability of selling at weaning.
Life Cycle Assessment of Food Packaging and Waste – Phase 2: Case Study Results
Creators: name: Heller, Martin C.
name: Cecco, Luis
name: Liu, Wenjuan
name: Keoleian, Gregory A.
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Life Cycle Assessment
subject: Food Packaging and Waste
subject: Natural Resources and Environment
subject: Science

description: Food packaging has long served a role in protecting and preserving both perishable and shelf-stable foods, but sustainability efforts aimed at reducing the environmental impact of packaging typically do not address this critical role directly. There is growing concern, from both an environmental and social perspective, with wasted food, and this wasted food often represents a significant contribution to the overall environmental footprint of food products. This project uses life cycle assessment of complete food product chains to explore the environmental trade-offs between food packaging and food waste. Through case studies, we identify examples where increased or improved packaging configurations result in lower retail-level food waste and reduced full-system environmental impacts. Building on a thorough review of the literature presented in our Phase 1 report, and augmented in this Phase 2 report, we developed a life cycle model capable of evaluating the cradle-to-grave impacts of particular foods. The scope of the life cycle model includes agricultural production, processing, packaging, transport to retail, retail energy use, transport to home, and home refrigeration. It also accounts for food and packaging waste and disposal at retail and consumer levels. The model was used to investigate three cases: beef, romaine lettuce, and ground turkey. Multiple packaging configurations are compared in each case. Retail-level waste rates were gathered from a retail partner. Global warming potential (greenhouse gas emissions) and cumulative energy use are the focal environmental impact categories, although blue water use is also evaluated in one case. Results vary across the cases examined. We present three scenarios (beef case 1a, 1c & turkey case 3) where the use of optimized packaging correlates with lower retail-level food waste rates. Two of the three offer situations where, when a packaging change leads to reduced food waste, the reduction in GHGE due to lower waste is sufficient to offset the increase in emissions due to changes in packaging, but this type of “break-even” point is NOT reached with respect to cumulative energy demand. Other presented scenarios, namely beef 1b and lettuce (case 2), demonstrate that more advanced packaging options do not always lead to lower waste rates, although it could be argued that these cases compare products with different qualities to the consumer.
Additional file 1 of Prevalence and associated risk factors for Hepatitis B and C viruses among refugees in Gambella, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Abiyu Ayele
name: Abera, Dessie
name: Melese Hailu
name: Muluken Birhanu
name: Kassu Desta
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: A questionnaire used for collect data on socio-demographic, risk factors, knowledge, attitude, and practice of refugees towards HBV and HCV infections.
Application of X-Ray Clumpy Torus Model (XCLUMPY) to 10 Obscured Active Galactic Nuclei Observed with Suzaku and NuSTAR
Creators: name: Tanimoto, Atsushi
name: Ueda, Yoshihiro
name: Odaka, Hirokazu
name: Ogawa, Shoji
name: Yamada, Satoshi
name: Kawaguchi, Toshihiro
name: Ichikawa, Kohei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply XCLUMPY, an X-ray spectral model from a clumpy torus in an active galactic nucleus (AGN), to the broadband X-ray spectra of 10 obscured AGNs observed with both Suzaku and NuSTAR. The infrared spectra of these AGNs were analyzed with the CLUMPY code. Since XCLUMPY adopts the same clump distribution as that in the CLUMPY, we can directly compare the torus parameters obtained from the X-ray spectra and those from the infrared ones. The torus angular widths determined from the infrared spectra ($σ_{\mathrm{IR}}$) are systematically larger than those from the X-ray data ($σ_{\mathrm{X}}$); the difference ($σ_{\mathrm{IR}}-σ_{\mathrm{X}}$) correlates with the inclination angle determined from the X-ray spectrum. These results can be explained by the contribution from dusty polar outflows to the observed infrared flux, which becomes more significant at higher inclinations (more edge-on views). The ratio of the hydrogen column density and V-band extinction in the line of sight absorber shows large scatter ($\simeq$1 dex) around the Galactic value, suggesting that a significant fraction of AGNs have dust-rich circumnuclear environments.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ