cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Anomaly Detection and Exploratory Causal Analysis for SAP HANA
Creators: name: Jin, Jianqiao
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2019

description: Nowadays, the good functioning of the equipment, networks and systems will be the key for the business of a company to continue operating because it is never avoidable for the companies to use information technology to support their business in the era of big data. However, the technology is never infallible, faults that give rise to sometimes critical situations may appear at any time. To detect and prevent failures, it is very essential to have a good monitoring system which is responsible for controlling the technology used by a company (hardware, networks and communications, operating systems or applications, among others) in order to analyze their operation and performance, and to detect and alert about possible errors. The aim of this thesis is thus to further advance the field of anomaly detection and exploratory causal inference which are two major research areas in a monitoring system, to provide efficient algorithms with regards to the usability, maintainability and scalability. The analyzed results can be viewed as a starting point for the root cause analysis of the system performance issues and to avoid falls in the system or minimize the time of resolution of the issues in the future. The algorithms were performed on the historical data of SAP HANA database at last and the results gained in this thesis indicate that the tools have succeeded in providing some useful information for diagnosing the performance issues of the system.
Three-body interactions in complex fluids: virial coefficients from simulation finite-size effects
Creators: name: Ashton, Douglas J.
name: Wilding, Nigel B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simulation technique is described for quantifying the contribution of three-body interactions to the thermodynamical properties of coarse-grained representations of complex fluids. The method is based on comparing the third virial coefficient $B_3$ for a complex fluid with that of an approximate coarse-grained model described by a pair potential. To obtain $B_3$ we introduce a new technique which expresses its value in terms of the measured volume-dependent asymptote of a certain structural function. The strategy is applicable to both Molecular Dynamics and Monte Carlo simulation. Its utility is illustrated via measurements of three-body effects in models of star polymer and highly size-asymmetrical colloid-polymer mixtures.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Global stability analysis and direct numerical simulation of boundary layers with an isolated roughness element
Creators: name: Ma, Rong
name: Mahesh, Krishnan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Global stability analysis and direct numerical simulation (DNS) are performed to study boundary layer flows with an isolated roughness element. Wall-attached cuboids with aspect ratios $η=1$ and $η=0.5$ are investigated for fixed ratio of roughness height to displacement boundary layer thickness $h/δ^*=2.86$. Global stability analysis is able to capture the frequency of the primary vortical structures. For $η=1$, only varicose instability is seen. For the thinner roughness element ($η=0.5$), the varicose instability dominates the sinuous instability, and the sinuous instability becomes more pronounced as $Re_h$ increases, due to increased spanwise shear in the near-wake region. The unstable modes mainly extract energy from the central streak, although the lateral streaks also contribute. The DNS results show that different instability features lead to different behavior and development of vortical structures in the nonlinear transition process. For $η=1$, the varicose mode is associated with the shedding of hairpin vortices. As $Re_h$ increases, the breakdown of hairpin vortices occurs closer to the roughness and sinuous breakdown behavior promoting transition to turbulence is seen in the farther wake. A fully-developed turbulent flow is established in both the inner and outer layers farther downstream when $Re_h$ is sufficiently high. For $η=0.5$, the sinuous wiggling of hairpin vortices is prominent at higher $Re_h$, leading to stronger interactions in the near wake, as a result of combined varicose and sinuous instabilities. A sinuous mode captured by dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) analysis, and associated with the `wiggling' of streaks persists far downstream.
Study of Phosphate Solubilizing Fluorescent Pseudomonas Recovered from Rhizosphere and Endorhizosphere of Aloe barbadensis (L.)
Creators: name: Rai, Anuradha
name: Sharma, Naveen Kumar
name: Singh, Vinod Kumar
name: Dwivedi, Brahma Swaroop
name: Singh, Jay Shankar
name: Kumar, Pradeep
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Phosphorus (P) is a key nutrient required by plants for their growth and development. A large part of applied phosphatic fertilizer becomes unavailable due to its fixation in soil. In rhizosphere, fluorescent Pseudomonads are instrumental in phosphate solubilization. We isolated Pseudomonads from the rhizosphere of Aloe barbadensis (L.), and screened them for their plant growth promoting ability such as - solubilization of phosphate, auxin production and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity. A total of 307 fluorescent Pseudomonas were isolated and screened, of which, 24 isolates showed a strong phosphate solubilizing ability, ranging from 69.71 to 236.73 µg ml−1 . The Indole acetic acid (IAA) production by all 24 isolates varied from 28.44 to 151.99 µg ml−1. However, 17 isolates produced ACC-deaminase ranging from 8.19 to 10.27 µmol mg−1 h−1. Analyses of 16S rRNA gene and Pseudomonas-specific genes grouped the isolates in seven different species of fluorescent Pseudomonas. Genotypic analysis based on 16S rDNA-RFLP using restriction enzymes (HaeIII, AluI and MspI) and BOX-PCR generated unique genotype specific pattern. The results suggested that Pseudomonas diversity has no association with microenvironments and the sampling site of the plants. 16S rRNA gene-based diversity indices revealed great diversity among the fluorescent Pseudomonas recovered from the rhizospheric regions of the Aloe. Due to the above plant growth-promoting traits, fluorescent Pseudomonas can be exploited as bio-inoculants for crops, with minimal damage to the environment.
Conway-Kochen and the Finite Precision Loophole
Creators: name: Hermens, Ronnie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently Cator & Landsman made a comparison between Bell's Theorem and Conway & Kochen's Strong Free Will Theorem. Their overall conclusion was that the latter is stronger in that it uses fewer assumptions, but also that it has two shortcomings. Firstly, no experimental test of the Conway-Kochen Theorem has been performed thus far, and, secondly, because the Conway-Kochen Theorem is strongly connected to the Kochen-Specker Theorem it may be susceptible to the finite precision loophole of Meyer, Kent and Clifton. In this paper I show that the finite precision loophole does not apply to the Conway-Kochen Theorem.
AN EMPIRICAL EXAMINATION OF THE EFFECT OF AESTHETICS ON CONSUMER PURCHASE INTENTION OF CULTURAL AND CREATIVE PRODUCTS
Creators: name: GUAN TIAN
name: SIEW POH PHUNG
name: FRAH RUKHSAR KHAN
name: WANG YUJIAO
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Cultural and Creative Products; Consumer Purchase Intention; Aesthetics; Culture; Technology.

description: Abstract 
This research aims to improve consumer purchase intention by examining the influencing factors of consumer purchase intention for cultural and creative products in Hubei, China, so as to not only meet the actual needs of consumers, but also to promote the healthy development of cultural and creative companies and industries. This study uses culture as the mediating variable and science and technology as the moderating variable to illustrate the relationship between the purchase intention and the influencing factors of Generation Y and Generation Z consumers in Hubei Province.
Quantum entanglement between excitons in two-dimensional materials
Creators: name: Martins, Gabriel P.
name: Berman, Oleg L.
name: Gumbs, Godfrey
name: Lozovik, Yurii E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum entanglement between two excitons in two-dimensional materials, embedded in an optical microcavity, was investigated. The energy eigenstates of a Jaynes-Cummings like Hamiltonian for two qubits coupled to a single cavity mode have been calculated. The quantum entanglement between such states was estimated by calculating the concurrence between two qubits in each of these eigenstates. According to the results of our calculations, if the system is allowed to decay only through the emission of cavity photons at low temperatures, there is a maximally entangled eigenstate, protected from decay. We demonstrated that the existence of such a state results in the counter-intuitive conclusion that, for some initial states of the system, the fact that the cavity is leaky can actually lead to an increase in the average concurrence on the timescales of the average photonic lifetime. In addition, we calculated the time evolution of the concurrence between a pair of excitons in a strained graphene monolayer.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
MPEC 2023-F78 : 2023 FB2
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 FB2

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
A practical, covariant puncture for second-order self-force calculations
Creators: name: Pound, Adam
name: Miller, Jeremy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurately modeling an extreme-mass-ratio inspiral requires knowledge of the second-order gravitational self-force on the inspiraling small object. Recently, numerical puncture schemes have been formulated to calculate this force, and their essential analytical ingredients have been derived from first principles. However, the \emph{puncture}, a local representation of the small object's self-field, in each of these schemes has been presented only in a local coordinate system centered on the small object, while a numerical implementation will require the puncture in coordinates covering the entire numerical domain. In this paper we provide an explicit covariant self-field as a local expansion in terms of Synge's world function. The self-field is written in the Lorenz gauge, in an arbitrary vacuum background, and in forms suitable for both self-consistent and Gralla-Wald-type representations of the object's trajectory. We illustrate the local expansion's utility by sketching the procedure of constructing from it a numerically practical puncture in any chosen coordinate system.
description: 23 pages, 1 figure, final version to be published in Phys Rev D
title: Investigation of Queensland dry rainforest endophyte and their production of antimicrobial agents
Creators: name: Sharma, Ashwini
Publisher: name: University of Southern Queensland
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Endophytes, antimicrobial agents, semi-evergreen vine thickets, fungi, bacteria, yeast
classificationCode: 310701
subject: Bacteriology
valueUri: https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/classifications/australian-and-new-zealand-standard-research-classification-anzsrc/latest-release
classificationCode: 310799
subject: Microbiology not elsewhere classified
valueUri: https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/classifications/australian-and-new-zealand-standard-research-classification-anzsrc/latest-release

description: Endophytic fungi are organisms that colonise the tissues of most plants without causing obvious disease symptoms in the host. Endophytic fungi represent a significant proportion of undocumented global mycological diversity and are not well studied in Australia. It is likely that Australian plants house a wealth of undescribed endophytic fungal species and these endophytic species could be valuable sources of novel bioactive compounds. In this project, endophytic fungi were investigated in multiple semi-evergreen vine thickets, a threatened type of dry rainforest, in southeast Queensland, Australia. A total of 244 fungal endophytes were isolated from 22 plant species. Both morphological and molecular (sequencing of ITS DNA) taxonomic approaches were used for identification of the endophytic fungal isolates. Species of Nigrospora, Alternaria, Xylaria, Phomopsis and Preussia were the most common taxa isolated. Endophytic fungi were screened for potential antimicrobial activity against bacterial and fungal taxa. Six fungal endophytes consistently reduced the growth of one or more of these test microbes and these were then further grown in bulk quantities. Ethyl acetate crude extracts of the bioactive endophytes were retested against the test microbes and isolates of Preussia (two species), Coniochaeta, Hypoxylon and Xylaria continued to show bioactivity. HPLC fractions of the bulk extracts from the Coniochaeta sp. and Preussia sp. 2 were retested for antimicrobial activity and both of these continued to show bioactivity. Further fractionation and mass spectroscopic analysis indicated the possible presence of a bioactive peptide in Preussia sp. 2. These two endophyte taxa were further characterised taxonomically through sequencing of LSU DNA and induction of teleomorph states. Possible modes of action of the bioactive compounds from the two taxa were investigated by analysing cell structures in inhibited cells via fluorescence and electron microscopy. These investigations demonstrate that Australian semi-evergreen vine thickets house a range of previously undescribed fungal endophyte taxa and that a number of these may contain antimicrobial compounds.
A roundtrip matrix method for calculating the leaky resonant modes of open nanophotonic structures
Creators: name: de Lasson, Jakob Rosenkrantz
name: Kristensen, Philip Trøst
name: Mørk, Jesper
name: Gregersen, Niels
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a numerical method for calculating quasi-normal modes of open nanophotonic structures. The method is based on scattering matrices and a unity eigenvalue of the roundtrip matrix of an internal cavity, and we develop it in detail with electromagnetic fields expanded on Bloch modes of periodic structures. This procedure is simpler to implement numerically and more intuitive than previous scattering matrix methods, and any routine based on scattering matrices can benefit from the method. We demonstrate the calculation of quasi-normal modes for two-dimensional photonic crystals where cavities are side-coupled and in-line-coupled to an infinite W1 waveguide and show that the scattering spectrum of these types of cavities can be reconstructed from the complex quasi-normal mode frequency.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables
Statistical quality assessment of Ising-based annealer outputs
Creators: name: Domino, Krzysztof
name: Koniorczyk, Mátyás
name: Puchała, Zbigniew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ability to evaluate the outcomes of quantum annealers is essential for such devices to be used in complex computational tasks. We introduce a statistical test of the quality of Ising-based annealers' output based on the data only, assessing the ground state's probability of being sampled. A higher probability value implies that at least the lower part of the spectrum is a part of the sample. Assuming a plausible model of the univariate energy distribution of the sample, we express the ground-state energy and temperature as a function of cumulants up to the third order. Using the annealer samples, we evaluate this multiple times using Bootstrap resampling, resulting in an estimated histogram of ground-state energies and deduce the desired parameter on this basis. The approach provides an easily implementable method for the primary validation of Ising-based annealers' output. We demonstrate its behavior through experiments made with actual samples originating from quantum annealer devices.
Geoastronomy: Rocky planets as the Lavosier-Lomonosov Bridge from the non-living to the living world
Creators: name: Mojzsis, Stephen J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Life on Earth emerged at the interface of the geosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere. This setting serves as our basis for how biological systems originate on rocky planets. Often overlooked, however, is the fact that the chemical nature of a rocky planet is ultimately a product of galactic chemical evolution. Elemental abundances of the major rock-forming elements can be different for different stars and planets formed at different times in galactic history. These differences mean that we cannot expect small rocky exoplanets to be just like Earth. Furthermore, age of the system dictates starting nuclide inventory from galactic chemical evolution, and past, present and future mantle and crust thermal regimes. The bulk silicate mantle composition of a rocky planet modulates the kind of atmosphere and hydrosphere it possesses. Hence, the ingredients of a rocky planet are as important for its potential to host life as proximity to the so-called habitable zone around a star where liquid water is stable at the surface. To make sense of these variables, a new trans-disciplinary approach is warranted that fuses the disciplines of Geology and Astronomy into what is here termed, Geoastronomy.
description: to appear in the Royal Society of Chemistry (e-Book), Prebiotic Chemistry and the Origin of Life (2022) (13370 words) (254 references) (21 Figures) (1 Table)
Subdiffusive Energy Transport and Antipersistent Correlations Due to the Scattering of Phonons and Discrete Breathers
Creators: name: Xiong, Daxing
name: Wang, Jianjin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While there are many physical processes showing subdiffusion and some useful particle models for understanding the underlying mechanisms have been established, a systematic study of subdiffusive energy transport is still lacking. Here we present convincing evidence that the energy subdiffusion and its antipersistent correlations take place in a Hamiltonian lattice system with both harmonic nearest-neighbor and anharmonic long-range interactions. We further understand the underlying mechanisms from the scattering of phonons and discrete breathers. Our result sheds new light on understanding the extremely slow energy transport.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Automated Classification of Periodic Variable Stars detected by the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer
Creators: name: Masci, Frank J.
name: Hoffman, Douglas I.
name: Grillmair, Carl J.
name: Cutri, Roc M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We describe a methodology to classify periodic variable stars identified using photometric time-series measurements constructed from the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) full-mission single-exposure Source Databases. This will assist in the future construction of a WISE Variable Source Database that assigns variables to specific science classes as constrained by the WISE observing cadence with statistically meaningful classification probabilities. We have analyzed the WISE light curves of 8273 variable stars identified in previous optical variability surveys (MACHO, GCVS, and ASAS) and show that Fourier decomposition techniques can be extended into the mid-IR to assist with their classification. Combined with other periodic light-curve features, this sample is then used to train a machine-learned classifier based on the random forest (RF) method. Consistent with previous classification studies of variable stars in general, the RF machine-learned classifier is superior to other methods in terms of accuracy, robustness against outliers, and relative immunity to features that carry little or redundant class information. For the three most common classes identified by WISE: Algols, RR Lyrae, and W Ursae Majoris type variables, we obtain classification efficiencies of 80.7%, 82.7%, and 84.5% respectively using cross-validation analyses, with 95% confidence intervals of approximately +/-2%. These accuracies are achieved at purity (or reliability) levels of 88.5%, 96.2%, and 87.8% respectively, similar to that achieved in previous automated classification studies of periodic variable stars.
description: 48 pages, 17 figures, 1 table, accepted by AJ
Describing codimension two defects
Creators: name: Balasubramanian, Aswin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Codimension two defects of the $(0,2)$ six dimensional theory $\mathscr{X}[\mathfrak{j}]$ have played an important role in the understanding of dualities for certain $\mathcal{N}=2$ SCFTs in four dimensions. These defects are typically understood by their behaviour under various dimensional reduction schemes. In their various guises, the defects admit partial descriptions in terms of singularities of Hitchin systems, Nahm boundary conditions or Toda operators. Here, a uniform dictionary between these descriptions is given for a large class of such defects in $\mathscr{X}[\mathfrak{j}], \mathfrak{j} \in A,D,E$.
description: 74pp, lots of tables detailing order reversing duality; (v2) Acknowledgement added. Notation simplified, refs added, minor fixes ; (v3) Minor changes, version accepted in JHEP. I thank the referee for helpful comments towards improving presentation
Calibrating excursion set reionization models to approximately conserve ionizing photons
Creators: name: Park, Jaehong
name: Greig, Bradley
name: Mesinger, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The excursion set reionization framework is widely used, due to its speed and accuracy in reproducing the 3D topology of reionization. However, it is known that it does not conserve photon number. Here, we introduce an efficient, on-the-fly recipe to approximately account for photon conservation. Using a flexible galaxy model shown to reproduce current high-$z$ observables, we quantify the bias in the inferred reionization history and galaxy properties resulting from the non-conservation of ionizing photons. Using a mock 21-cm observation, we perform inference with and without correcting for ionizing photon conservation. We find that ignoring photon conservation results in very modest biases in the inferred galaxy properties, for our fiducial model. The notable exception is in the power-law scaling of the ionizing escape fraction with halo mass, which can be biased from the true value by $\sim2.4σ$ (corresponding to $\sim0.2$ in the power-law index). Our scheme is implemented in the public code ${\tt 21cmFAST}$.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Topological Blocking in Quantum Quench Dynamics
Creators: name: Kells, G.
name: Sen, D.
name: Slingerland, J. K.
name: Vishveshwara, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the non-equilibrium dynamics of quenching through a quantum critical point in topological systems, focusing on one of their defining features: ground state degeneracies and associated topological sectors. We present the notion of 'topological blocking', experienced by the dynamics due to a mismatch in degeneracies between two phases and we argue that the dynamic evolution of the quench depends strongly on the topological sector being probed. We demonstrate this interplay between quench and topology in models stemming from two extensively studied systems, the transverse Ising chain and the Kitaev honeycomb model. Through non-local maps of each of these systems, we effectively study spinless fermionic $p$-wave paired superconductors. Confining the systems to ring and toroidal geometries, respectively, enables us to cleanly address degeneracies, subtle issues of fermion occupation and parity, and mismatches between topological sectors. We show that various features of the quench, which are related to Kibble-Zurek physics, are sensitive to the topological sector being probed, in particular, the overlap between the time-evolved initial ground state and an appropriate low-energy state of the final Hamiltonian. While most of our study is confined to translationally invariant systems, where momentum is a convenient quantum number, we briefly consider the effect of disorder and illustrate how this can influence the quench in a qualitatively different way depending on the topological sector considered.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures
Ultra-soft fermionic excitation at finite chemical potential
Creators: name: Blaizot, Jean-Paul
name: Satow, Daisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been suggested previously that an ultra-soft fermionic excitation develops, albeit with a small spectral weight, in a system of massless fermions and scalar bosons with Yukawa interaction at high temperature ($T$). In this paper we study how this excitation is modified at finite chemical potential ($μ$). We relate the existence of the ultra-soft mode to symmetries, in particular charge conjugation, and a supersymmetry of the free system which is spontaneously broken by finite temperature and finite density effects, as argued earlier by Lebedev and Smilga. A non vanishing chemical potential breaks both symmetries explicitly, and maximally at zero temperature where the mode ceases to exist. A detailed calculation indicates that the ultra-soft excitation persists as long as $T\gtrsim μ$.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures. v2: Figs. 7 and 8 are added, detailed discussion on value of chemical potential in which the ultrasoft mode persists are added in Sec. III-C
Hidden Path Selection Network for Semantic Segmentation of Remote Sensing Images
Creators: name: Yang, Kunping
name: Tong, Xin-Yi
name: Xia, Gui-Song
name: Shen, Weiming
name: Zhang, Liangpei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Targeting at depicting land covers with pixel-wise semantic categories, semantic segmentation in remote sensing images needs to portray diverse distributions over vast geographical locations, which is difficult to be achieved by the homogeneous pixel-wise forward paths in the architectures of existing deep models. Although several algorithms have been designed to select pixel-wise adaptive forward paths for natural image analysis, it still lacks theoretical supports on how to obtain optimal selections. In this paper, we provide mathematical analyses in terms of the parameter optimization, which guides us to design a method called Hidden Path Selection Network (HPS-Net). With the help of hidden variables derived from an extra mini-branch, HPS-Net is able to tackle the inherent problem about inaccessible global optimums by adjusting the direct relationships between feature maps and pixel-wise path selections in existing algorithms, which we call hidden path selection. For the better training and evaluation, we further refine and expand the 5-class Gaofen Image Dataset (GID-5) to a new one with 15 land-cover categories, i.e., GID-15. The experimental results on both GID-5 and GID-15 demonstrate that the proposed modules can stably improve the performance of different deep structures, which validates the proposed mathematical analyses.
Alcaeorrhynchus grandis Dallas 1851
Creators: name: Dellapé, Pablo Matías
name: Martínez, Auria Paula
name: Coscarón, María Del Carmen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2003
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Pentatomidae
Alcaeorrhynchus
Alcaeorrhynchus grandis

description: Alcaeorrhynchus grandis (Dallas 1851)
 Distribution: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, Galapagos Is., Jamaica, México, Paraguay, Trinidad, Unites States, and Uruguay.
 Material studied (Fig. 1): Argentina: Buenos Aires: Flores: 36º 0´S 59º 7´W, 1 female, Kwolffhügel col., Tremoleras Coll., (MLP); 1(without abdomen), Berg Coll., (MLP); 1 male, 10/II/1914, Bosq Coll., (MLP). La Plata: 34º 54´S 57º 58´W, 1 male, (MLP). Corrientes: San Roque: 28º 33´S 58º 43´W, 1 female, II/1920, Bosq col., Bosq Coll., (MLP). Entre Ríos: Concordia: 31º 22´S 58º 2´W, 1 female, IV/1931, Bosq Coll., (MLP); 1 male, XII/1940, Bosq Coll., (MLP). Misiones: Pindapoi: 1 female, II/1932, V. Gapud 1973 det., Bosq Coll., (MLP); 1 male, II/1936, V. Gapud det., Bosq Coll., (MLP). Santa Fé: Piquete: 1 male, 2/IV/1917, (MLP). Santiago del Estero: Río Saladillo: 31º 04´S 60º 18´W, 1 female, Wagner col., Bosq Coll., (MLP). Bolivia: Santa Cruz: La Concepción: 20º 30´S 65º 34´W, 1 male, IV/1931, Denier Coll., (MLP). Brazil: Pará: Mato Grosso: 15º 00´S 59º56´W, 1 male, Koslomsky Col., (MLP). Espirito Santo: 20º 40´S 40º 30´W, 2 males, 5/IX/1919, (MLP). Paraguay: Concepción: San Carlo: Apa river: 22º 15´S 57º 19´W, 1 female, 5/XII/1939, Denier Coll., (MLP). Central: Villa Elisa: 25º 21´S 57º 37´W, 1 female, 27/II/1939, Denier Coll., (MLP). Uruguay: Cerro Largo: Fraile Muerto: 32º 30´S 54º 31´W, 2 females, 2/II/1934, Tremoleras Coll., (MLP).
 New record: Paraguay.
 Observations: The general color varies from cream or yellow to red. There is also variation in the coloration of the legs from completely yellow to red.
description: Published as part of Dellapé, Pablo Matías, Martínez, Auria Paula & Coscarón, María Del Carmen, 2003, New distributional records for the asopine pentatomids in temperate South America, pp. 1-16 in Zootaxa 318 on page 3, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.156763
Case Study: Tampa General Hospital Sustainable Addition
Creators: name: Grubb, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: This article discusses the LEED BD+C:NC v2.2 Gold certification of the Tampa General Hospital Jennifer Leigh Muma Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. The hospital earned points in categories such as sustainable site planning and indoor air quality, with features including an urban site with walkable access to community services and public transportation, roofing materials with a minimum solar reflective index, and designs that mitigate impacts of the surrounding environment. Lessons learned from the project include the importance of a LEED-specific submittal process and tailored specifications for sustainable materials. The article also discusses the weaknesses of relying on a single criterion to define green building, citing criticism of energy performance in LEED buildings and the difficulty of comparing energy data across countries. It compares the LEED and BREEAM certification methods, noting that while LEED provides a framework for sustainable construction in design, BREEAM requires a demonstration of measurable sustainable performance metrics. The article concludes that multiple certification methods are necessary to fully consider the dimensionality of green building design and performance.
On the link between nuclear star cluster and globular cluster system mass, nucleation fraction and environment
Creators: name: Leaman, Ryan
name: van de Ven, Glenn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple model for the host mass dependence of the galaxy nucleation fraction ($f_{nuc}$), the galaxy's nuclear star cluster (NSC) mass and the mass in its surviving globular clusters ($M_{GC,obs}$). Considering the mass and orbital evolution of a GC in a galaxy potential, we define a critical mass limit ($M_{GC,lim}$) above which a GC can simultaneously in-spiral to the galaxy centre due to dynamical friction and survive tidal dissolution, to build up the NSC. The analytic expression for this threshold mass allows us to model the nucleation fraction for populations of galaxies. We find that the slope and curvature of the initial galaxy size-mass relation is the most important factor (with the shape of the GC mass function a secondary effect) setting the fraction of galaxies that are nucleated at a given mass. The well defined skew-normal $f_{nuc} - M_{gal}$ observations in galaxy cluster populations are naturally reproduced in these models, provided there is an inflection in the {initial} size-mass relation at $M_{gal} \sim 10^{9.5} {\rm M_{\odot}}$. Our analytic model also predicts limits to the $M_{gal} - M_{GC,tot}$ and $M_{gal} - M_{NSC}$ relations which bound the scatter of the observational data. Moreoever, we illustrate how these scaling relations and $f_{nuc}$ vary if the star cluster formation efficiency, GC mass function, galaxy environment or galaxy size-mass relation are altered. Two key predictions of our model are: 1) galaxies with NSC masses greater than their GC system masses are more compact at fixed stellar mass, and 2) the fraction of nucleated galaxies at fixed galaxy mass is higher in denser environments. That a single model framework can reproduce both the NSC and GC scaling relations provides strong evidence that GC in-spiral is an important mechanism for NSC formation.
description: 17 pages, 20 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Gluing Nekrasov partition functions
Creators: name: Qiu, Jian
name: Tizzano, Luigi
name: Winding, Jacob
name: Zabzine, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we summarise the localisation calculation of 5D super Yang-Mills on simply connected toric Sasaki-Einstein (SE) manifolds. We show how various aspects of the computation, including the equivariant index, the asymptotic behaviour and the factorisation property are governed by the combinatorial data of the toric geometry. We prove that the full perturbative partition function on a simply connected SE manifold corresponding to an n-gon toric diagram factorises to n copies of perturbative Nekrasov partition function. This leads us to conjecture the full partition function as gluing n copies of full Nekrasov partition function. This work is a generalisation of some earlier computation carried out on $Y^{p,q}$ manifolds, whose moment map cone has a quadrangle and our result is valid for manifolds whose moment map cones have pentagon base, hexagon base, etc. The algorithm we used for dealing with general cones may also be of independent interest.
description: 37 pages, references added, typos corrected
Immunofluorescent Staining of Elastin (Supplementary File).docx
Creators: name: Cantor, Jerome
name: Riaz, Muhammad
name: Qyang, Yibing
name: Lee, Seoyeon
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medical physiology not elsewhere classified

description: Figures and citations showing specificity of primary and secondary antibodies used for immunostaining of elastin in normal and emphysematous human lungs.
Controlling Outlier Contamination In Multimessenger Time-domain Searches For Supermasssive Binary Black Holes
Creators: name: Wang, Qiaohong
name: Taylor, Stephen R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time-domain datasets of many varieties can be prone to statistical outliers that result from instrumental or astrophysical anomalies. These can impair searches for signals within the time series and lead to biased parameter estimation. Versatile outlier mitigation methods tuned toward multimessenger time-domain searches for supermassive binary black holes have yet to be fully explored. In an effort to perform robust outlier isolation with low computational costs, we propose a Gibbs sampling scheme. This provides structural simplicity to outlier modeling and isolation, as it requires minimal modifications to adapt to time-domain modeling scenarios with pulsar-timing array or photometric data. We robustly diagnose outliers present in simulated pulsar-timing datasets, and then further apply our methods to pulsar J$1909$$-$$3744$ from the NANOGrav 9-yr Dataset. We also explore the periodic binary-AGN candidate PG$1302$$-$$102$ using datasets from the Catalina Real-time Transient Survey, All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae, and the Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research. We present our findings and outline future work that could improve outlier modeling and isolation for multimessenger time-domain searches.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures. Matches version accepted in MNRAS
Hyperuniform electron distributions controlled by electron interactions in quasicrystal
Creators: name: Sakai, Shiro
name: Arita, Ryotaro
name: Ohtsuki, Tomi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study how the electron-electron interactions influence the charge distributions in the metallic state of quasicrystals. As a simple theoretical model, we introduce an extended Hubbard model on the Penrose lattice, and numerically solve the model (up to $\sim1.4$ million sites) within the Hartree-Fock approximation. Because each site on the quasiperiodic lattice has a different local geometry, the Coulomb interaction, in particular the intersite one, works in a site-dependent way, leading to a nontrivial redistribution of the charge. The resultant charge distribution patterns are not multifractal but characterized by hyperuniformity, which offers a measure to distinguish various inhomogeneous but ordered distributions. We clarify how the electron interactions alter the order metric of the hyperuniformity, revealing that the intersite interaction considerably affects the hyperuniformity in particular on the electron-rich side.
description: 16 pages, 22 figures
Unveiling the underlying interactions in Ta2NiSe5 from photo-induced lifetime change
Creators: name: Golez, Denis
name: Dufresne, Sydney K. Y.
name: Kim, Min-Jae
name: Boschini, Fabio
name: Chu, Hao
name: Murakami, Yuta
name: Levy, Giorgio
name: Mills, Arthur K.
name: Zhdanovich, Sergey
name: Isobe, Masahiko
name: Takagi, Hidenori
name: Kaiser, Stefan
name: Werner, Philipp
name: Jones, David J.
name: Georges, Antoine
name: Damascelli, Andrea
name: Millis, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a generic procedure for quantifying the interplay of electronic and lattice degrees of freedom in photo-doped insulators through a comparative analysis of theoretical many-body simulations and time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (TR-ARPES) of the transient response of the candidate excitonic insulator Ta2NiSe5. Our analysis demonstrates that the electron-electron interactions dominate the electron-phonon ones. In particular, a detailed analysis of the TRARPES spectrum enables a clear separation of the dominant broadening (electronic lifetime) effects from the much smaller bandgap renormalization. Theoretical calculations show that the observed strong spectral broadening arises from the electronic scattering of the photo-excited particle-hole pairs and cannot be accounted for in a model in which electron-phonon interactions are dominant. We demonstrate that the magnitude of the weaker subdominant bandgap renormalization sensitively depends on the distance from the semiconductor/semimetal transition in the high-temperature state, which could explain apparent contradictions between various TR-ARPES experiments. The analysis presented here indicates that electron-electron interactions play a vital role (although not necessarily the sole one) in stabilizing the insulating state.
Supplementary Information from A major flood caused by a typhoon did not affect the population genetic structure of a river mayfly metapopulation
Creators: name: Suzuki, Tomoya
name: Yano, Koki
name: Okamoto, Seiya
name: Ueki, Gaku
name: Fukakusa, Ayako
name: Ikeda, Maki
name: Inoue, Gaku
name: Tagashira, Haruno
name: Yoshida, Takumi
name: Tojo, Koji
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Floods affect the population structure of organisms that inhabit streams. In recent decades, the scale of floods has become larger due to climate change. Under these circumstances, on 12 October 2019, the largest typhoon in the history of observation in Japan struck the Japanese Archipelago. This typhoon caused heavy rainfall in various places, and the Chikuma–Shinano River System (Japan's largest) suffered great damage. Eight years before the large-scale disturbance in the river system, the population structure of the mayfly Isonychia japonica was studied in detail using quantitative sampling (population numbers and biomass) and by sequencing the mtDNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit I. To understand the impact of the flood on the population and genetic structures, we repeated the same research approximately 1 year after the flood. Direct comparison of sites before and after the flood revealed no significant changes between pre- and post-flood population genetic structure. This indicates high in situ resistance and/or resilience recovery of the populations to the disturbance. We hypothesize that this high resistance/resilience to flood disturbance is a result of strong selection for such traits in the rivers of the Japanese Archipelago, which are short, steep, flow rapidly and violently, and are strongly affected by floods.
Accelerating expansion or inhomogeneity? Part 2: Mimicking acceleration with the energy function in the Lema\^ıtre-Tolman model
Creators: name: Krasiński, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is a continuation of the paper published in {\it Phys. Rev.} {\bf D89}, 023520 (2014). It is investigated here how the luminosity distance -- redshift relation $D_L(z)$ of the $Λ$CDM model is duplicated in the Lema\^ıtre -- Tolman (L--T) model with $Λ= 0$, constant bang-time function $t_B$ and the energy function $E(r)$ mimicking accelerated expansion on the observer's past light cone ($r$ is a uniquely defined comoving radial coordinate). Numerical experiments show that $E > 0$ necessarily. The functions $z(r)$ and $E(r)$ are numerically calculated from the initial point at the observer's position; then backward from the initial point at the apparent horizon (AH). Reconciling the results of the two calculations allows one to determine the values of $E/r^2$ at $r = 0$ and at the AH. The problems connected with continuing the calculation through the AH are discussed in detail and solved. Then $z(r)$ and $E(r)$ are continued beyond the AH, up to the numerical crash that signals the contact of the light cone with the Big Bang. Similarly, the light cone of the L--T model is calculated by proceeding from the two initial points, and compared with the $Λ$CDM light cone. The model constructed here contains shell crossings, but they can be removed by matching the L--T region to a Friedmann background, without causing any conflict with the type Ia supernovae observations. The mechanism of imitating the accelerated expansion by the $E(r)$ function is explained in a descriptive way.
description: 18 pages, 14 figures. Penultimate paragraph of Sec. XIII and Refs. 22, 23 added in response to referee's comments. Typos corrected. This text matches the published version
Quantum Annealing for Industry Applications: Introduction and Review
Creators: name: Yarkoni, Sheir
name: Raponi, Elena
name: Bäck, Thomas
name: Schmitt, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum annealing is a heuristic quantum optimization algorithm that can be used to solve combinatorial optimization problems. In recent years, advances in quantum technologies have enabled the development of small- and intermediate-scale quantum processors that implement the quantum annealing algorithm for programmable use. Specifically, quantum annealing processors produced by D-Wave Systems have been studied and tested extensively in both research and industrial settings across different disciplines. In this paper we provide a literature review of the theoretical motivations for quantum annealing as a heuristic quantum optimization algorithm, the software and hardware that is required to use such quantum processors, and the state-of-the-art applications and proofs-of-concepts that have been demonstrated using them. The goal of our review is to provide a centralized and condensed source regarding applications of quantum annealing technology. We identify the advantages, limitations, and potential of quantum annealing for both researchers and practitioners from various fields.
description: major revision with extended noise section and discussion of alternative platforms