cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Minimal lepton flavor violating realizations of minimal seesaw models
Creators: name: Sierra, Diego Aristizabal
name: Degee, Audrey
name: Kamenik, Jernej F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the implications of the global U(1)R symmetry present in minimal lepton flavor violating implementations of the seesaw mechanism for neutrino masses. In the context of minimal type I seesaw scenarios with a slightly broken U(1)R, we show that, depending on the R-charge assignments, two classes of generic models can be identified. Models where the right-handed neutrino masses and the lepton number breaking scale are decoupled, and models where the parameters that slightly break the U(1)R induce a suppression in the light neutrino mass matrix. We show that within the first class of models, contributions of right-handed neutrinos to charged lepton flavor violating processes are severely suppressed. Within the second class of models we study the charged lepton flavor violating phenomenology in detail, focusing on mu to e gamma, mu to 3e and mu to e conversion in nuclei. We show that sizable contributions to these processes are naturally obtained for right-handed neutrino masses at the TeV scale. We then discuss the interplay with the effects of the right-handed neutrino interactions on primordial B - L asymmetries, finding that sizable right-handed neutrino contributions to charged lepton flavor violating processes are incompatible with the requirement of generating (or even preserving preexisting) B - L asymmetries consistent with the observed baryon asymmetry of the Universe.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures; version 2: Discussion on possible generic models extended, typos corrected, references added. Version matches publication in JHEP
title: Frauen in Spitzengremien von Banken und Versicherungen: Dynamik kommt nun auch in Aufsichtsräten zum Erliegen
Creators: name: Holst, Elke
name: Wrohlich, Katharina
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: J16 Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
subject: J78 Labor Discrimination: Public Policy
subject: L32 Public Enterprises; Public-Private Enterprises
subject: M14 Corporate Culture; Social Responsibility
subject: M51 Personnel Economics: Firm Employment Decisions; Promotions
subject: board composition
subject: board diversity
subject: boards of directors
subject: central banks
subject: corporate boards
subject: Europe
subject: finance industry
subject: financial sector
subject: female directors
subject: Gender gap
subject: gender equality
subject: gender quota
subject: Germany
subject: insurance companies
subject: management
subject: public and private banks
subject: supervisory boards
subject: women CEOs

description: Der Frauenanteil in den Vorständen der 100 größten Banken in Deutschland stagnierte 2018 bei knapp neun Prozent. In den 60 größten Versicherungen nahm er um gut einen Prozentpunkt auf fast zehn Prozent zu. Während sich damit in den Vorständen die schon in den vergangenen Jahren schwache Dynamik fortgesetzt hat, fällt sie nun auch in den Aufsichtsräten des Finanzsektors verhalten aus. Der Frauenanteil in den Kontrollgremien lag im Jahr 2018 bei jeweils rund 23 Prozent. Schriebe man die jetzige Entwicklung linear fort, würde es wieder länger – nämlich fast bis zu Beginn des nächsten Jahrhunderts – dauern, bis die Spitzengremien paritätisch besetzt wären. Im Vergleich zu Männern haben Frauen im Finanzsektor so geringe Aufstiegschancen in hohe Führungspositionen wie in keiner anderen Branche. Dies dürfte unter anderem an besonders unflexiblen Arbeitsstrukturen für Führungskräfte liegen, die dafür sorgen, dass Frauen auch in der zweiten Führungsebene kaum vertreten sind, obwohl sie die Mehrheit der Beschäftigten stellen.
description: DIW Wochenbericht, 86 (2019), 3, S. 37-50
title: Automated data extraction and report analysis in radiology audit: practice implications from paediatric post-mortem MRI
Creators: name: Singh, Mrinal
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer applications
subject: Paediatric
subject: Forensic / Necropsy studies
subject: MR
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: Audit and standards
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Quality assurance

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The persistent decline in consent rates for paediatric autopsy has stimulatedthe development of non-invasive imaging-based alternatives. Post-mortem MRI (PMMR)offers diagnostic accuracy rates comparable to conventional autopsy for perinatal and...
Stability of topologically invariant order parameters at finite temperature
Creators: name: Kim, Isaac H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological entanglement entropy is a topological invariant which can detect topological order of quantum many-body ground state. We assume an existence of such order parameter at finite temperature which is invariant under smooth deformation of the subsystems, and study its stability under hamiltonian perturbation. We apply this assumption to a Gibbs state of hamiltonian which satisfies so called `strong commuting' condition, which we shall define in the paper. Interesting models in this category include local hamiltonian models based on quantum error correcting code. We prove a stability of such topologically invariant order parameter against arbitrary perturbation which can be expressed as a sum of geometrically local bounded-norm terms. The first order correction against such perturbation vanishes in the thermodynamic limit.
description: This paper is superseded by 1210.2360
title: Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in evaluation of intramedullary spinal cord tumors
Creators: name: Khedr, Doaa
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR
subject: Neuroradiology spine

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Intramedullary spinal cord tumors are rare comparing to other central nervous system tumors (2-4%). They can cause significant morbidity and mortality if left without treatment. The intramedullary spinal cord tumors account for 35% of spinal cord...
title: Geschlechterquote für Aufsichtsräte bringt nicht automatisch mehr Vorständinnen mit sich: Interview
Creators: name: Holst, Elke
name: Wittenberg, Erich
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2019

description: DIW Wochenbericht, 86 (2019), 3, S. 35
title: Gastrointestinal atresia in newborn - systematic approach
Creators: name: Vegar-Zubovic, Sandra
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Obstruction / Occlusion
subject: Foetus
subject: Congenital
subject: Intrauterine diagnosis
subject: Contrast agent-oral
subject: MR
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Foetal imaging
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The aim of this paper is to present the types of gastrointestinal tract atresias and the importance of their recognition in the early neonatal age for the purpose of performing a surgery procedures in a timely...
title: Practical approach to radioisotope synoviorthesis
Creators: name: Carbullanca Toledo, Santiago
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Education and training
subject: Radionuclide therapy
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Interventional non-vascular

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: 1. Bring the radiologist to the knowledge of this technique and show our experience. 2. Assess the mechanisms of action, main indications and contraindications. 3. Show the techniques we use in our service and possible...
title: Imaging features of cystic pancreatic lesions. A CT and MRI case-based review
Creators: name: Tanasa, Aida
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Pancreas
subject: Abdomen
subject: Cancer

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To review imaging features on CT and MRI of cystic lesions of the pancreas, as these lesions are relatively common findings at cross-sectional imaging realized. To determine a diagnostic strategy to distinguish between benign and malignant cystic...
In vitro hepatic metabolism of 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) and 2,2',4,4',5-pentabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-99)
Creators: name: Erratico, Claudio
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are flame retardants that were added to many consumer products and have emerged as persistent and bioaccumulative environmental contaminants. Penta-BDE was a commercial PBDE mixture that was used extensively in North America. 2,2',4,4'-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) and 2,2',4,4',5-pentabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-99) are the dominant congeners in the Penta-BDE mixture and occur at similar levels in the mixture and in air, dust, and sediments. In contrast, the concentration of BDE-99 is 10-fold lower than that of BDE-47 in most wildlife and human samples, which could be due to more extensive metabolism of BDE-99 than BDE-47 by hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes. To investigate this hypothesis, a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry based assay was developed and validated to characterize the biotransformation of BDE-99 by liver microsomes. Rat liver microsomes were obtained from animals treated with dexamethasone, phenobarbital, 3-methylcholanthrene or corn oil. Up to six hydroxylated metabolites of BDE-99 were formed by different rat liver microsomal preparations. The major metabolite, 4-hydroxy-2,2',3,4',5-pentabromodiphenyl ether (4-OH-BDE-90), was formed at 2.7 pmol/min/mg protein by liver microsomes obtained from corn oil treated rats. CYP3A1, CYP1A1, and CYP2A2 were the most active rat recombinant CYP enzymes. Incubating BDE-99 with human liver microsomes resulted in the formation of 10 hydroxylated metabolites. The major metabolites were 2,4,5-tribromophenol (2,4,5-TBP), 5ʹ-hydroxy-2,2ʹ,4,4ʹ,5-pentabromodiphenyl ether (5'-OH-BDE-99) and 4'-hydroxy-2,2',4,5,5'-pentabromodiphenyl ether (4'-OH-BDE-101) and their rates of formation ranged between 25 and 45 pmol/min/mg protein. Incubating BDE-47 with human liver microsomes resulted in the formation of 9 hydroxylated metabolites. The major metabolites were 5-hydroxy-2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (5-OH-BDE-47) and 6-hydroxy-2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (6-OH-BDE-47) and their rates of formation were 23 and 27 pmol/min/mg protein, respectively. CYP2B6 was the major human CYP enzyme responsible for the formation of all the hydroxylated metabolites of BDE-47 and BDE-99. In conclusion, BDE-99 underwent more extensive oxidative metabolism by human than rat liver microsomes and was biotransformed into a different set of hydroxylated metabolites by human than rat liver microsomes. Metabolism of BDE-47 and BDE-99 by human liver microsomes proceeds at similar pace, which suggests that oxidative metabolism does not explain the difference in BDE-47 and BDE-99 blood concentrations in humans.
title: Frauenanteile in Aufsichtsräten großer Unternehmen in Deutschland auf gutem Weg – Vorstände bleiben Männerdomänen
Creators: name: Holst, Elke
name: Wrohlich, Katharina
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: D22 Firm Behavior: Empirical Analysis
subject: J16 Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
subject: J59 Labor-Management Relations, Trade Unions, and Collective Bargaining: Other
subject: J78 Labor Discrimination: Public Policy
subject: L21 Business Objectives of the Firm
subject: L32 Public Enterprises; Public-Private Enterprises
subject: M14 Corporate Culture; Social Responsibility
subject: M51 Personnel Economics: Firm Employment Decisions; Promotions
subject: corporate boards
subject: board composition
subject: boards of directors
subject: boarddiversity
subject: Europe
subject: women directors
subject: gender equality
subject: gender quota
subject: Germany
subject: management
subject: private companies
subject: public companies
subject: supervisory boards
subject: executiveboards
subject: CEOs
subject: women

description: Die seit 2016 geltende Geschlechterquote für Aufsichtsräte zeigt weiter ihre Wirkung: In den 200 umsatzstärksten Unternehmen in Deutschland ist der Frauenanteil in den Kontrollgremien im vergangenen Jahr um mehr als zwei Prozentpunkte auf knapp 27 Prozent gestiegen, in den 100 größten Unternehmen sogar um mehr als drei Prozentpunkte auf gut 28 Prozent. Es gibt jedoch auch erste Hinweise, dass die Unternehmen nicht mehr tun als nötig: So stagnierte der Frauenanteil in der Gruppe der 30 größten DAX-Unternehmen, in der viele das Minimum von 30 Prozent Frauen bereits erreicht haben, bei einem Drittel. Zudem zeigt sich immer mehr, dass von der Geschlechterquote zumindest kurzfristig nicht die erhoffte Strahlkraft auf die Vorstandsebene ausgeht. Auch wenn in den Top-100-Unternehmen erstmals die Zehn-Prozent-Marke geknackt wurde, vollzieht sich die Entwicklung weiterhin größtenteils auf niedrigem Niveau im Schneckentempo. Noch haben es die Unternehmen in der Hand, Forderungen nach verbindlichen Quoten auch für die Vorstände den Wind aus den Segeln zu nehmen. Dazu müssen sie jedoch möglichst schnell handeln und beispielsweise konsequent alle Hierarchieebenen, gerade auch unterhalb des Vorstands, stärker mit Frauen besetzen, um den Pool potentieller Vorständinnen zu vergrößern.
description: DIW Wochenbericht, 86 (2019), 3, S. 19-34
title: Non-invasive quantitative evaluation of hepatic steatosis through magnetic resonance techniques
Creators: name: Raciti, Maria Vittoria
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Liver
subject: Abdomen
subject: MR
subject: MR-Spectroscopy
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Segmentation
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Image verification
subject: Metabolic disorders
subject: Eating disorders

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The primary objective of the study is to evaluate the diagnostic and staging reliability of a magnetic resonance imaging protocol that uses dual-echo and multi-echo Dixon (MRI-Dixon) sequences in the quantitative diagnosis of hepatic steatosis.MRI...
Communication cost of classically simulating a quantum channel with subsequent rank-1 projective measurement
Creators: name: Montina, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A process of preparation, transmission and subsequent projective measurement of a qubit can be simulated by a classical model with only two bits of communication and some amount of shared randomness. However no model for n qubits with a finite amount of classical communication is known at present. A lower bound for the communication cost can provide useful hints for a generalization. It is known for example that the amount of communication must be greater than c 2^n, where c~0.01. The proof uses a quite elaborate theorem of communication complexity. Using a mathematical conjecture known as the "double cap conjecture", we strengthen this result by presenting a geometrical and extremely simple derivation of the lower bound 2^n-1. Only rank-1 projective measurements are involved in the derivation.
description: corrected some minor typos
Quantum effective force in an expanding infinite square-well potential and Bohmian perspective
Creators: name: Mousavi, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Schrödinger equation is solved for the case of a particle confined to a small region of a box with infinite walls. If walls of the well are moved, then, due to an effective quantum nonlocal interaction with the boundary, even though the particle is nowhere near the walls, it will be affected. It is shown that this force apart from a minus sign is equal to the expectation value of the gradient of the quantum potential for vanishing at the walls boundary condition. Variation of this force with time is studied. A selection of Bohmian trajectories of the confined particle is also computed.
description: 7 figures, Accepted by Physica Scripta
Bell argument: Locality or Realism? Time to make the choice
Creators: name: Khrennikov, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper discusses a possible resolution of the nonobjectivity-nonlocality dilemma in quantum mechanics in 'the light of experimental tests of the Bell inequality for two entangled photons and a Bell-like inequality for a single neutron. My conclusion is that these experiments show that quantum mechanics is nonobjective: that is, the values of physical observables cannot be assigned to a system before measurement. Bell's assumption of nonlocality has to be rejected as having no direct experimental confirmation, at least thus far. I also consider the relationships between nonobjectivity and contextuality. Specifically, I analyze the impact of the Kochen-Specker theorem on the problem of contextuality of quantum observables. I argue that, just as von Neumann's "no-go" theorem, the Kochen-Specker theorem is based on assumptions that do not correspond to the real physical situation. Finally, I present a theory of measurement based on a classical, purely wave model (pre-quantum classical statistical field theory), a model that reproduces quantum probabilities. In this model continuous fields are transformed into discrete clicks of detectors. While this model is classical, it is nonobjective. In this case, nonobjectivity is the result of the dependence of experimental outcomes on the context of measurement, in accordance with Bohr's view.
description: English and presentation were improved; citation of the arxiv-preprint of C. Fuchs on inter-relation of locality and objectivity in Bell's theorem. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1105.4269
title: Deep recto-sigmoid endometriosis: role of magnetic resonance imaging
Creators: name: Sofia, Carmelo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Pelvis
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Colon
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Obstetrics

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To show themainMRIfindingsofdeependometriosisinvolving...
title: Breast adenosis: imaging management and follow-up
Creators: name: Rotaru, Natalia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: MR
subject: Mammography
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Cysts
subject: Dysplasias
subject: Cancer

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To describe the imaging features of different types of breast adenosis with a special emphasis on breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)...
title: Should we obtain a gadolinium-enhanced extracranial MRA before mechanical thrombectomy?
Creators: name: Guenego, Adrien
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Interventional vascular
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: Thrombolysis
subject: Embolism / Thrombosis

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To assess whether performing a pre-intervention gadolinium-enhanced extracranial magnetic resonance angiogram (MRA) in addition to intracranial vascular imaging is associated with improved thrombectomy time...
title: Management of B3 and B4 lesions of the breast with vacuum assisted excision biopsy as an alternative to surgical biopsy: preliminary results
Creators: name: Di Gaetano, Eleonora
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Mammography
subject: Vacuum assisted biopsy

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Screening for breast cancer increases the number of cancers diagnosed, but also identifies indeterminate lesions of uncertain malignant potential that cause dilemmas in diagnosis and treatment [1]. According to European guidelines, bioptic results...
title: Impact of introducing a mammographic compression paddle with pressure indicator in clinical practice on compression parameters and patient experience
Creators: name: Christiaens, Davy
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Mammography
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Screening
subject: Cancer

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: In mammography, compression is given to the breast to reduce breast thickness, tissue superposition and X-ray scattering to get a good image quality. The force-standardized compression mammography (FSCM) is the standard for population-based...
title: Approach to Cortical Lesions of Tibia
Creators: name: Deshpande, Shubhankar
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Bones
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Structured reporting
subject: Cancer
subject: Hyperplasia / Hypertrophy

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The aim of our study is:- 1)To briefly review the lesions involving cortex of tibia 2)To narrow down the differential diagnoses by separating entities which destroy and those which cause proliferation of the cortical bone on the basis of...
title: Late gadolinium enhancement in cardiac magnetic resonance with different doses of contrast material in patients with chronic myocardial infarction
Creators: name: Secchi, Francesco
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: MR
subject: Contrast agent-other
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The dosage of gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA) in contrast enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) for the study of delayed enhancement (DE) is often variable, ranging from 0.1 mmol/kg to 0.2 mmol/kg, with the lowest dose consistent with a...
title: A multidisciplinary review of clinical data exchange concerning ordering of CT angiograms in patients with suspected pulmonary embolism.
Creators: name: Buk, Michal
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Management
subject: Pulmonary vessels
subject: Professional issues
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Structured reporting
subject: Efficacy studies
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Epidemiology
subject: Workforce

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) is the gold standard imaging technique for suspected pulmonary embolism (PE). However, it carries the burden of radiation exposure and the need for using an iodine-based intravenous contrast agent. The aim of our...
title: Intra-arterial computed tomography angiography (IA-CTA) with diluted contrast medium (CM) for peripheral artery disease (PAD)
Creators: name: Norimasa, Toshiyo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Image verification
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Digital radiography
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Vascular
subject: Radiographers
subject: Extremities

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The number of lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD) patients is increasing in Japan.[1] The prevalence of diabetes mellitus has also recently grown, often associated with hyper calcification and arterial obstruction in below the knee...
Energy Spectrum and Quantum Hall Effect in Twisted Bilayer Graphene
Creators: name: Moon, Pilkyung
name: Koshino, Mikito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the electronic spectra and quantum Hall effect in twisted bilayer graphenes with various rotation angles under magnetic fields, using a model rigorously including the interlayer interaction. We describe the spectral evolution from discrete Landau levels in the weak field regime to the fractal band structure in the strong field regime, and estimate the quantized Hall conductivity for each single gap. In weak magnetic fields, the low-energy conduction band of the twisted bilayer is quantized into electron-like Landau levels and hole-like Landau levels above and below the van Hove singularity, respectively, reflecting a topological change of the Fermi surface between electron pocket and hole pocket. Accordingly the Hall conductivity exhibits a sharp drop from positive to negative at the transition point. In increasing magnetic field, the spectrum gradually evolves into fractal band structure so-called Hofstadter's butterfly, where the Hall conductivity exhibits a nonmonotonic behavior varying from a minigap to a minigap. The magnetic field strength required to invoke the fractal band structure is more feasible in smaller rotating angle.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
title: Bauwirtschaft weiter im Vorwärtsgang – staatliche Impulse treiben die Preise
Creators: name: Gornig, Martin
name: Michelsen, Claus
name: Bruns, Martin
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: E32 Business Fluctuations; Cycles
subject: E66 General Outlook and Conditions
subject: Construction industry
subject: residential construction
subject: public infrastructure
subject: economic outlook

description: Die Bauwirtschaft wird auch in den kommenden Jahren florierende Geschäfte haben. Das geht aus der aktuellen Bauvolumenprognose hervor. Danach können die Unternehmen mit einer Steigerung des nominalen Bauvolumens mit rund siebeneinhalb im laufenden Jahr und gut sechseinhalb Prozent im nächsten Jahr rechnen. Gestützt wird die Baukonjunktur vom nach wie vor florierenden Wohnungsbau, der zusätzliche Impulse von der Politik bekommt. Baukindergeld und höhere Abschreibungen für den Mietwohnungsbau dürften den bereits sehr starken Preisauftrieb weiter anschieben. Die Bauwirtschaft dürfte ihre Kapazitäten angesichts der Kürze mancher Förderprogramme kaum ausweiten und eher die größeren Preissetzungsspielräume nutzen. Der nominalen Steigerung des Neubauvolumens von mehr als zehn Prozent stand ein deutlich geringerer preisbereinigter Zuwachs gegenüber. Anstatt mit der Gießkanne zu fördern, sollte die Politik angesichts der angespannten innerstädtischen Wohnungsmärkte und dem bereits hohen Niveau der realen Neubautätigkeit Anreize zur Innenentwicklung und Nachverdichtung setzen sowie mit Investitionszulagen in Stadtentwicklungsgebieten den Bau zusätzlichen Wohnraums unterstützen. Wichtig wäre vor allem der räumlich fokussierte Einsatz von Fördermitteln für den sozialen Wohnungsbau.
description: DIW Wochenbericht, 86 (2019), 1/2, S. 3-14
title: The role of multiple detector computed tomography in differentiating the primary small bowel neoplasms
Creators: name: Le, Huyen
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Oncology
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Biopsy
subject: Ablation procedures
subject: Barium enema
subject: Lymphoma
subject: Cancer
subject: Eating disorders

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Primary small bowel tumors are rare, account for 3-5% of all gastrointestinal tumors and have been estimated to be 1 per 100,000 people [1-4]. Because ofthe rarity and the variaty of histological subtypes, small bowel neoplasm has been less...
Expression and stability of wild-type and mutant RUNX1 protein isoforms in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Creators: name: Olena, Shevchuk Olehivna
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common type of cancer diagnosed in children, and while many patients treated with standard chemotherapy achieve cure, the disease returns in many cases. Current treatments are highly toxic and can cause learning deficits, growth problems, and several other side effects that can persist long after treatment is completed. There is therefore a great need to generate targeted therapies that exploit the molecular linchpins of this disease if clinical improvements are to be made. In seeking out pathways amenable to therapeutic targeting, we have focused recently on the Runt-related (RUNX) gene family members which are known to play important roles in gene regulation generally, are well known to be recurrently mutated in myeloid malignancies, and have recently been discovered to be mutated frequently in T-ALL. The human RUNX1 gene is composed of 12 exons and transcripts are initiated from two different promoters, leading to production of multiple protein isoforms. Of the 3 major isoforms, RUNX1A encodes essentially just the N-terminal, DNA-binding Runt domain and may act in a dominant negative fashion as compared to RUNX1B and RUNX1C, both of which encode substantial C-terminal domains that are thought to mediate protein-protein interactions. Interestingly, a subset of recurrent RUNX1 mutations identified recently in TALL introduce premature stop codons that theoretically encode truncated, RUNX1A-like proteins. In order to understand the role of RUNX1 in T-ALL, we felt it was critical first to determine which of the 3 RUNX1 isoforms are actually expressed at the protein level. To this end, we designed a mass spectrometry based approach to determine the expression and absolute abundance of RUNX1 isoforms in T-ALL cell lines. Further, we sought to determine whether RUNX1 mutations that are predicted to produce dominant-negative polypeptides actually lead to stably expressed truncated peptides, and whether these mutations may alter the expression of the wild-type isoforms. The results from our studies will aid in understanding the functional role of alternatively spliced RUNX1 isoforms and mutations in leukemia and help to determine if targeting of RUNX1 and/or its downstream targets is a viable therapeutic option.
Comments on gauge-invariance in cosmology
Creators: name: Malik, Karim A.
name: Matravers, David R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the gauge issue in cosmological perturbation theory, and highlight its relation to the notion of covariance in general relativity. We also discuss the similarities and differences of the covariant approach in perturbation theory to the Bardeen or metric approach in a non-technical fashion.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, revtex4; v3: minor changes, typos corrected, discussion extended; v4: typos corrected, corresponding to published version
title: Imaging criteria for evaluating response to oncologic therapy: which should we apply and when?
Creators: name: Campagnola, Arianna
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Treatment effects
subject: Chemotherapy
subject: CT
subject: Oncology

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To explain why is important to use standardized reproducible criteria for evaluating tumour response to new drugs during clinical trials . To discuss their applications in day-to-day clinical practice . To describe the different objective criteria...
Nonholonomic LL systems on central extensions and the hydrodynamic Chaplygin sleigh with circulation
Creators: name: García-Naranjo, Luis C.
name: Vankerschaver, Joris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider nonholonomic systems whose configuration space is the central extension of a Lie group and have left invariant kinetic energy and constraints. We study the structure of the associated Euler-Poincare-Suslov equations and show that there is a one-to-one correspondence between invariant measures on the original group and on the extended group. Our results are applied to the hydrodynamic Chaplygin sleigh, that is, a planar rigid body that moves in a potential flow subject to a nonholonomic constraint modeling a fin or keel attached to the body, in the case where there is circulation around the body.
description: 22 pages; 4 figures
4D, N = 1 Supersymmetry Genomics (II)
Creators: name: Gates, S. James
name: Hallett, Jared
name: Parker, James
name: Rodgers, Vincent G. J.
name: Stiffler, Kory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We continue the development of a theory of off-shell supersymmetric representations analogous to that of compact Lie algebras such as SU(3). For off-shell 4D, N = 1 systems, quark-like representations have been identified [1] in terms of cis-Adinkras and trans-Adinkras and it has been conjectured that arbitrary representations are composites of $n_c$-cis and $n_t$-trans representations. Analyzing the real scalar and complex linear superfield multiplets, these "chemical enantiomer" numbers are found to be $n_c$ = $n_t$ = 1 and $n_c$ = 1, $n_t$ = 2, respectively.
description: 40 pages, 8 figures, sequel to "4D, N = 1 Supersymmetry Genomics (I)" [arxiv: 0902.3830]
Gravitational Slingshot of Young Massive Stars in Orion
Creators: name: Chatterjee, Sourav
name: Tan, Jonathan C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC) is the nearest region of massive star formation and thus a crucial testing ground for theoretical models. Of particular interest amongst the ONC's ~1000 members are: θ^1 Ori C, the most massive binary in the cluster with stars of masses 38 and 9 MSun (Kraus et al. 2009); the Becklin-Neugebauer (BN) object, a 30 km/s runaway star of ~8 MSun (Tan 2004); and the Kleinmann-Low (KL) nebula protostar, a highly-obscured, ~15 MSun object still accreting gas while also driving a powerful, apparently "explosive" outflow (Allen & Burton 1993). The unusual behavior of BN and KL is much debated: How did BN acquire its high velocity? How is this related to massive star formation in the KL nebula? Here we report the results of a systematic survey using ~ 10^7 numerical experiments of gravitational interactions of the θ^1C and BN stars. We show that dynamical ejection of BN from this triple system at its observed velocity leaves behind a binary with total energy and eccentricity matching those observed for θ^1C. Five other observed properties of θ^C are also consistent with it having ejected BN and altogether we estimate there is only a
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, 1 table, accepted to ApJ
Nonexistence of a universal quantum machine to examine the precision of unknown quantum states
Creators: name: Pang, Shengshi
name: Wu, Shengjun
name: Chen, Zeng-Bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we reveal a new type of impossibility discovered in our recent research which forbids comparing the closeness of multiple unknown quantum states with any non-trivial threshold in a perfect or an unambiguous way. This impossibility is distinct from the existing impossibilities in that it is a "collective" impossibility on multiple quantum states while most other "no-go" theorems concern with only one single state each time, i.e., it is an impossibility on a non-local quantum operation. This novel impossibility may provide a new insight into the nature of quantum mechanics and it implies more limitations on quantum information tasks than the existing "no-go" theorems.
The Half-Duplex AWGN Single-Relay Channel: Full Decoding or Partial Decoding?
Creators: name: Ong, Lawrence
name: Johnson, Sarah J.
name: Kellett, Christopher M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper compares the partial-decode-forward and the complete-decode-forward coding strategies for the half-duplex Gaussian single-relay channel. We analytically show that the rate achievable by partial-decode-forward outperforms that of the more straightforward complete-decode-forward by at most 12.5%. Furthermore, in the following asymptotic cases, the gap between the partial-decode-forward and the complete-decode-forward rates diminishes: (i) when the relay is close to the source, (ii) when the relay is close to the destination, and (iii) when the SNR is low. In addition, when the SNR increases, this gap, when normalized to the complete-decode-forward rate, also diminishes. Consequently, significant performance improvements are not achieved by optimizing the fraction of data the relay should decode and forward, over simply decoding the entire source message.
description: Authors' final version (to appear in IEEE Transactions on Communications)
title: Hepatic involvement in Sarcoidosis
Creators: name: Milone, Francesca
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Liver
subject: Ultrasound
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Inflammation
subject: Cirrhosis

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Learning objectives To review the role of imaging in patients with Hepatic Sarcoidosis To assess the importance of imaging in differential diagnosis of Hepatic Sarcoidosis To revise the main radiological findings in complications of Hepatic...
title: Rechtliche Harmonisierung kann Kapitalmarktintegration erleichtern
Creators: name: Bremus, Franziska
name: Kliatskova, Tatsiana
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: E02 Institutions and the Macroeconomy
subject: F21 International Investment; Long-term Capital Movements
subject: G15 International Financial Markets
subject: capital market integration
subject: legal harmonization
subject: institutional differences

description: Nachdem die europäische Bankenunion auf den Weg gebracht wurde, soll nun zusätzlich eine Kapitalmarktunion die Stabilität des europäischen Finanzsystems stärken. Ein Kernziel ist dabei, die Aktien- und Anleihemärkte der europäischen Länder besser zu integrieren, indem rechtliche Regeln harmonisiert und damit Hürden für grenzüberschreitende Wertpapieranlagen abgebaut werden. Der vorliegende Bericht untersucht, wie sich die bisherige Vereinheitlichung von Finanzmarktregeln in Europa auf die externen Wertpapierpositionen verschiedener Investorengruppen ausgewirkt hat. Es zeigt sich, dass eine rechtliche Harmonisierung das Volumen grenzüberschreitender Wertpapieranlagen erhöhen kann. Da die integrationsfördernden Effekte aber nur in einzelnen Sektoren und Wertpapierklassen auftreten und die Vereinheitlichung von Finanzmarktregeln in der EU schon recht weit fortgeschritten ist, wird eine weitere rechtliche Harmonisierung allein nicht ausreichen, um die Kapitalmarktstrukturen krisenfester zu machen. Politische Anstrengungen sollten sich darauf konzentrieren, Investitionsbarrieren in bestimmten Bereichen, wie zum Beispiel Unsicherheiten über Insolvenzprozesse, abzubauen und die Bankenunion zu vollenden, um auch im Bankensektor Anreize für grenzüberschreitende Eigenkapitalinvestitionen zu setzen.
description: DIW Wochenbericht, 85 (2018), 51/52, S. 1113-1121
title: Besuch einer Privatschule hängt immer stärker von der Bildung der Eltern ab: Interview
Creators: name: Spieß, C. Katharina
name: Wittenberg, Erich
Publisher: name: DIW - Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Year: 2018

description: DIW Wochenbericht, 85 (2018), 51/52, S. 1112
Complete characterization of the macroscopic deformations of periodic unimode metamaterials of rigid bars and pivots
Creators: name: Milton, Graeme Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A complete characterization is given of the possible macroscopic deformations of periodic nonlinear affine unimode metamaterials constructed from rigid bars and pivots. The materials are affine in the sense that their macroscopic deformations can only be affine deformations: on a local level the deformation may vary from cell to cell. Unimode means that macroscopically the material can only deform along a one dimensional trajectory in the six dimensional space of invariants describing the deformation (excluding translations and rotations). We show by explicit construction that any continuous trajectory is realizable to an arbitrarily high degree of approximation provided at all points along the trajectory the geometry does not collapse to a lower dimensional one. In particular, we present two and three dimensional dilational materials having an arbitrarily large flexibility window. These are perfect auxetic materials for which a dilation is the only easy mode of deformation. They are free to dilate to arbitrarily large strain with zero bulk modulus.
description: 34 pages, 23 figures
Speed limits for quantum gates in multi-qubit systems
Creators: name: Ashhab, S.
name: de Groot, P. C.
name: Nori, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use analytical and numerical calculations to obtain speed limits for various unitary quantum operations in multiqubit systems under typical experimental conditions. The operations that we consider include single-, two-, and three-qubit gates, as well as quantum-state transfer in a chain of qubits. We find in particular that simple methods for implementing two-qubit gates generally provide the fastest possible implementations of these gates. We also find that the three-qubit Toffoli gate time varies greatly depending on the type of interactions and the system's geometry, taking only slightly longer than a two-qubit controlled-NOT (CNOT) gate for a triangle geometry. The speed limit for quantum-state transfer across a qubit chain is set by the maximum spin-wave speed in the chain.
description: 7 pages (two-column), 2 figures, 2 tables
The effects of impact depth and velocity on spinal cord injury severity
Creators: name: Lam, Cameron Jonathan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: Currently a treatment for spinal cord injury (SCI) remains elusive to clinicians and researchers. This is, in part, due to variation between primary injury mechanisms and diversity of mechanical impact factors such as impact velocity, depth, force, and acceleration. This research examines both the individual and combined effects of impact velocity and depth on the cervical spinal cord and also aims to understand the contribution of the energy applied, not only the impact factors. In this study, contusion spinal cord injuries were induced in 54 male, Sprague-Dawley rats at impact speeds of 8 mm/s, 80 mm/s, or 800 mm/s with displacements of 0.9 mm or 1.5 mm. Animals recovered for seven days followed by behavioural assessment and examination of the spinal cord tissue for demyelination and tissue sparing at 1 mm intervals ±3 mm rostrocaudally to the epicentre. In parallel, a finite element model of the rat spinal cord was used to examine the resulting maximum principal strains in the spinal cord during impact. Impact depth was a consistent factor in qualifying axonal damage in the spinal cord, tissue sparing, and resulting behavioural deficit. Increased impact velocity resulted in significantly different impact energies and measureable outcomes at the 1.5 mm impact depth, but not the 0.9 mm impact depth, identifying threshold interactions between the two factors. The difference of injury severity to velocity at different impact depths identifies the existence of threshold interactions between the two impact factors. Linear correlation analysis with finite element analysis (FEA) strain showed significant (p≪0.001) correlations with axonal damage in the ventral (R ²=0.86) and lateral (R²=0.74) regions of the spinal cord and with white matter (R²=0.90) and grey matter (R²=0.76) sparing. Non-parametric correlation analysis identified strong correlations between grey and white matter strain with open field behavioural scores (p=0.005,r_s=-0.94). The results shown by this work extend the research identifying significant correlation between maximum principal strain and neurologic tissue damage. Furthermore, a relationship between the impact depth and velocity of injury demonstrated a more rate sensitive response of the spinal cord at the 1.5 mm impact depth than at the 0.9 mm impact depth.