cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Solomon-Tukachinsky's vs. Welschinger's Open Gromov-Witten Invariants of Symplectic Sixfolds
Creators: name: Chen, Xujia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53D45, 14N35

description: Our previous paper describes a geometric translation of the construction of open Gromov-Witten invariants by J. Solomon and S. Tukachinsky from a perspective of $A_{\infty}$-algebras of differential forms. We now use this geometric perspective to show that these invariants reduce to Welschinger's open Gromov-Witten invariants in dimension 6, inline with their and G. Tian's expectations. As an immediate corollary, we obtain a translation of Solomon-Tukachinsky's open WDVV equations into relations for Welschinger's invariants.
description: 22 pages; minor updates. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1912.04119
Electronic patient-reported outcomes monitoring during lung cancer chemotherapy: A nested cohort within the PRO-TECT pragmatic trial (AFT-39)
Creators: name: Wood, W.A.
name: Bennett, A.
name: Chung, A.E.
name: Jonsson, M.
name: Stover, A.M.
name: Ginos, B.
name: Deal, A.
name: Dueck, A.C.
name: King-Kallimanis, B.L.
name: Henson, S.
name: Wang, M.
name: Basch, E.
name: Smith, A.B.
name: Jansen, J.
name: Mody, G.N.
name: Schrag, D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Objectives: Patients with lung cancer have high symptom burden and diminished quality of life. Electronic patient-reported outcome (PRO) platforms deliver repeated longitudinal surveys via web or telephone to patients and alert clinicians about concerning symptoms. This study aims to determine feasibility of electronic PRO monitoring in lung cancer patients receiving treatment in community settings. Methods: Adults receiving treatment for advanced or metastatic lung cancer at 26 community sites were invited to participate in a prospective trial of weekly electronic PRO symptom monitoring for 12 months (NCT03249090). Surveys assessing patients’ satisfaction with the electronic PRO system were administered at 3 months. Descriptive statistics were generated for demographics, survey completion rates, symptom occurrence, and provider PRO alert management approaches. Pairwise relationships between symptom items were evaluated using intra-individual repeated-measures correlation coefficients. Results: Lung cancer patients (n = 118) participating in electronic PROs were older (mean 64.4 vs 61.9 years, p = 0.03), had worse performance status (p = 0.002), more comorbidities (p = 0.02), and less technology experience than patients with other cancers. Of delivered weekly PRO surveys over 12 months, 91% were completed. Nearly all (97%) patients reported concerning (i.e., severe or worsening) symptoms during participation, with 33% of surveys including concerning symptoms. Pain was the most frequent and longest lasting symptom and was associated with reduced activity level. More than half of alerts to clinicians for concerning symptoms led to intervention. The majority (87%) would recommend using electronic PRO monitoring to other lung cancer patients. Conclusions: Remote longitudinal weekly monitoring of patients with lung cancer using validated electronic PRO surveys was feasible in a multicenter, community-based pragmatic study. A high symptom burden specific to lung cancer was detected and clinician outreach in response to alerts was frequent, suggesting electronic PROs may be a beneficial strategy for identifying actionable symptoms and allow opportunities to optimize well-being in this population.
Gradient Flow: Perturbative and Non-Perturbative Renormalization
Creators: name: Shindler, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the gradient flow for gauge and fermion fields and its applications to lattice gauge theory computations. Using specific examples, we discuss the interplay between perturbative and non-perturbative calculations in the context of renormalization with the gradient flow.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, review presented at the XVth "Quark confinement and the Hadron spectrum" conference. This version fixes few typos of the published version
Principles of nucleosome recognition by chromatin factors and enzymes
Creators: name: McGinty, R.K.
name: Tan, S.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ltd
Year: 2021

description: The recent torrent of structures of chromatin complexes determined by cryoelectron microscopy provides an opportunity to discern general principles for how chromatin factors and enzymes interact with their nucleosome substrate. We find that many chromatin proteins use a strikingly similar arginine anchor and variant arginine interactions to bind to the nucleosome acidic patch. We also observe that many chromatin proteins target the H3 and H2B histone fold α1-loop1 elbows and the H2B C-terminal helix on the nucleosomal histone face. These interactions with the histones can be complemented with interactions with and distortions of nucleosomal DNA.
Tate Resolutions for Products of Projective Spaces
Creators: name: Eisenbud, David
name: Erman, Daniel
name: Schreyer, Frank-Olaf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14Q99, 14F05, 13D02

description: We describe the Tate resolution of a coherent sheaf or complex of coherent sheaves on a product of projective spaces. Such a resolution makes explicit all the cohomology of all twists of the sheaf, including, for example, the multigraded module of twisted global sections, and also the Beilinson monads of all twists. Although the Tate resolution is highly infinite, any finite number of components can be computed efficiently, starting either from a Beilinson monad or from a multigraded module.
Absorption and scattering of a high dimensional noncommutative black hole
Creators: name: Wan, Mao-Yuan
name: Wu, Chen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we investigate the scattering of massless plane scalar waves by the high dimensional noncommutative Schwarzschild-Tangherlini black hole. We use the partial wave approach to determine the scattering and absorption cross sections in the incident wavelength range. Our numerical results demonstrate that the bigger the noncommutative parameter, the smaller the maximum value of the related partial absorption cross section, however the tendency is slightly. We also discovered that when the noncommutative parameter is weak, the absorption cross section of the high dimensional black hole oscillates in the low frequency zone. The total absorption cross section oscillates around the geometrical optical limit in the high frequency range, and the scattering characteristics of black holes with various parameters are visibly different. The influence on the differential scattering cross section is particularly pronounced at large angles.
description: 10 pages and 4 figures
Predictors for AAC service provision (Johnson & Gohsman, 2023)
Creators: name: Johnson, Rachel K.
name: Gohsman, Meredith K.
Publisher: name: ASHA journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 420110
subject: Speech pathology
classificationCode: 470101
subject: Communication studies

description: Purpose: At the core of the clinical services provided by a speech-language pathologist (SLP) is upholding the human right to communicate. Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) modalities support communication across environments by offering temporary or permanent solutions. Barriers to AAC service provision include translation of knowledge into clinical practice, which remains problematic despite changes to AAC preservice training addressing the knowledge barrier. This study aims to understand the importance of factors impacting the provision of AAC clinical services.Method: From the survey data of SLPs (N = 530) regarding current AAC service delivery practices, barriers, and professional development preferences in the United States, a hierarchical multiple regression identified the importance between individual and clinical practice variables of knowledge and current use of AAC modalities. A binomial logistic regression predicted the probability of one or more independent variables for barriers to AAC service delivery and learning preferences for AAC-related professional development.Results: The factors impacting SLPs’ knowledge and barriers to practice are related to clinical practicum experiences. Engagement in AAC-related continuing education (CE) is the primary contributor to the use of AAC service provision. Predictors for barriers to AAC clinical provision are associated with clinical practicum experiences, the average number of patients seen weekly, and geographic region. Preference for CE topics and frequency depend on the work setting.Conclusions: Hands-on clinical practicum experience addresses opportunity barriers in AAC service provision, contributing explicitly to the value of collaboration in AAC service delivery and highlights the importance of evidence-based professional development content. The findings from this study are reassuring in that clinicians are using AAC and suggest that high-quality professional development is an effective means to address the gap between knowledge generation and translation in the field.Supplemental Material S1. STROBE Statement—Checklist of items that should be included in reports of cross-sectional studies.Johnson, R. K., & Gohsman, M. K. (2023). Predictors for augmentative and alternative communication clinical service provision: Closing the gap. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 32(4), 1532–1564. https://doi.org/10.1044/2023_AJSLP-22-00320
Additional file 6 of Examining the influence of thermal effects on solar cells: a comprehensive review
Creators: name: Shaker, Lina M.
name: Al-Amiery, Ahmed A.
name: Hanoon, Mahdi M.
name: Al-Azzawi, Waleed K.
name: Kadhum, Abdul Amir H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 6. Rights and permissions for Figure 7.
Polarization in relativistic fluids: a quantum field theoretical derivation
Creators: name: Becattini, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the calculation of polarization in a relativistic fluid within the framework of statistical quantum field theory. We derive the expressions of the spin density matrix and the mean spin vector both for a single quantum relativistic particle and for a quantum free field. After introducing the formalism of the covariant Wigner function for the scalar and the Dirac field, the relation between spin density matrix and the covariant Wigner function is obtained. The formula is applied to the fluid produced in relativistic nuclear collisions by using the local thermodynamic equilibrium density operator and recovering previously known formulae. The dependence of these results on the spin tensor and pseudo-gauge transformations of the stress-energy tensor is addressed.
description: 24 pages, 1 figure; version published in Lecture Notes in Physics
The entropy of the six-vertex model with variety of different boundary conditions
Creators: name: Tavares, T. S.
name: Ribeiro, G. A. P.
name: Korepin, V. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dependence of entropy [per lattice site] of six-vertex model on boundary conditions. We start with lattices of finite size and then proceed to thermodynamic limit. We argue that the six-vertex model with periodic, anti-periodic and mixed boundary conditions produce the same free-energy in the thermodynamic limit. We have found fixed boundary conditions such that the entropy varies continously from zero to its value for periodic boundary condition. We have also shown that the physical quantities of the six-vertex model at the isotropic point does not change in the case of singular toroidal boundary.
description: 49 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables, one section and one figure added
QButterfly: Lightweight Survey Extension for Online User Interaction Studies for Non-Tech-Savvy Researchers
Creators: name: Ebert, Nico
name: Scheppler, Björn
name: Ackermann, Kurt
name: Geppert, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We provide a user-friendly, flexible, and lightweight open-source HCI toolkit (github.com/QButterfly) that allows non-tech-savvy researchers to conduct online user interaction studies using the widespread Qualtrics and LimeSurvey platforms. These platforms already provide rich functionality (e.g., for experiments or usability tests) and therefore lend themselves to an extension to display stimulus web pages and record clickstreams. The toolkit consists of a survey template with embedded JavaScript, a JavaScript library embedded in the HTML web pages, and scripts to analyze the collected data. No special programming skills are required to set up a study or match survey data and user interaction data after data collection. We empirically validated the software in a laboratory and a field study. We conclude that this extension, even in its preliminary version, has the potential to make online user interaction studies (e.g., with crowdsourced participants) accessible to a broader range of researchers.
Cycle-based formulations in Distance Geometry
Creators: name: Liberti, Leo
name: Iommazzo, Gabriele
name: Lavor, Carlile
name: Maculan, Nelson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 90C26, 51K05

description: The distance geometry problem asks to find a realization of a given simple edge-weighted graph in a Euclidean space of given dimension K, where the edges are realized as straight segments of lengths equal (or as close as possible) to the edge weights. The problem is often modelled as a mathematical programming formulation involving decision variables that determine the position of the vertices in the given Euclidean space. Solution algorithms are generally constructed using local or global nonlinear optimization techniques. We present a new modelling technique for this problem where, instead of deciding vertex positions, formulations decide the length of the segments representing the edges in each cycle in the graph, projected in every dimension. We propose an exact formulation and a relaxation based on a Eulerian cycle. We then compare computational results from protein conformation instances obtained with stochastic global optimization techniques on the new cycle-based formulation and on the existing edge-based formulation. While edge-based formulations take less time to reach termination, cycle-based formulations are generally better on solution quality measures.
description: 16 pages
Additional file 7 of Examining the influence of thermal effects on solar cells: a comprehensive review
Creators: name: Shaker, Lina M.
name: Al-Amiery, Ahmed A.
name: Hanoon, Mahdi M.
name: Al-Azzawi, Waleed K.
name: Kadhum, Abdul Amir H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 7. Rights and permissions for Figure 8.
End-to-end Learning of a Fisher Vector Encoding for Part Features in Fine-grained Recognition
Creators: name: Korsch, Dimitri
name: Bodesheim, Paul
name: Denzler, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Part-based approaches for fine-grained recognition do not show the expected performance gain over global methods, although explicitly focusing on small details that are relevant for distinguishing highly similar classes. We assume that part-based methods suffer from a missing representation of local features, which is invariant to the order of parts and can handle a varying number of visible parts appropriately. The order of parts is artificial and often only given by ground-truth annotations, whereas viewpoint variations and occlusions result in not observable parts. Therefore, we propose integrating a Fisher vector encoding of part features into convolutional neural networks. The parameters for this encoding are estimated by an online EM algorithm jointly with those of the neural network and are more precise than the estimates of previous works. Our approach improves state-of-the-art accuracies for three bird species classification datasets.
description: Published in the proceedings of the German Conference on Pattern Recognition 2021 (GCPR21)
Evaluating a Consumer Health Website
Creators: name: Renner, Barbara Rochen
name: Richardson, Lee
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: YOUR HEALTH® Radio is a one-hour weekly consumer health radio talk show produced by UNC Family Medicine. UNC Health Sciences Library librarians collaborate with physician hosts and the executive producer on the YOUR HEALTH® Radio website/blog. This collaboration started over 10 years ago, when show hosts wanted help creating a website and indexing shows. Librarians made an initial website/blog with WordPress and provided support for WordPress as problems or questions arose. The metadata librarian began and continues to index all content on website/blog. Impetus to evaluate the website came from evolving librarian roles related to the website, including increased librarian responsibility and authority, enhancement of existing content, initiation and development of novel content, and addition of a health literacy and consumer health specialist librarian. Several highly regarded resources for evaluating health information on the internet are presented along with results of our assessment of the website.
With a Little Creativity, A Consumer Health Radio Show’s Blog Advances Inclusion, Diversity, Equity, and Accessibility
Creators: name: Richardson, Lee
name: Renner, Barbara Rochen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Research indicates that low health literacy contributes to health and health care problems. It also shows that most adults search online for health information. Health sciences librarians have partnered with physicians on a weekly consumer health radio show and companion blog for over ten years. Librarians find, evaluate, and select information resources about topics covered on the radio show that address these health information needs. They also manage and contribute to the blog. Librarians undertook a review of topics related to inclusion, diversity, equity, and accessibility (IDEA) to determine their coverage and discoverability on the show’s blog. They also explored ways to improve discoverability of these topics. They found that although there were some content gaps, there were a number of shows on topics relevant to IDEA, including healthcare reform, race, implicit bias, effects of discrimination, LGBT health, gender bias, aging, farm worker health, mental illness and discrimination, bullying, addiction, domestic violence, homelessness, and health disparities.  Librarians determined that discovery of these resources could be improved by bringing together blog posts on similar topics. A future, more structured examination of topics could surface additional IDEA topics for enhanced discoverability and gaps to be shared with the show’s producer and host to inform future show content.
Predictors for AAC service provision (Johnson & Gohsman, 2023)
Creators: name: Johnson, Rachel K.
name: Gohsman, Meredith K.
Publisher: name: ASHA journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 420110
subject: Speech pathology
classificationCode: 470101
subject: Communication studies

description: Purpose: At the core of the clinical services provided by a speech-language pathologist (SLP) is upholding the human right to communicate. Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) modalities support communication across environments by offering temporary or permanent solutions. Barriers to AAC service provision include translation of knowledge into clinical practice, which remains problematic despite changes to AAC preservice training addressing the knowledge barrier. This study aims to understand the importance of factors impacting the provision of AAC clinical services. Method: From the survey data of SLPs (N = 530) regarding current AAC service delivery practices, barriers, and professional development preferences in the United States, a hierarchical multiple regression identified the importance between individual and clinical practice variables of knowledge and current use of AAC modalities. A binomial logistic regression predicted the probability of one or more independent variables for barriers to AAC service delivery and learning preferences for AAC-related professional development. Results: The factors impacting SLPs’ knowledge and barriers to practice are related to clinical practicum experiences. Engagement in AAC-related continuing education (CE) is the primary contributor to the use of AAC service provision. Predictors for barriers to AAC clinical provision are associated with clinical practicum experiences, the average number of patients seen weekly, and geographic region. Preference for CE topics and frequency depend on the work setting. Conclusions: Hands-on clinical practicum experience addresses opportunity barriers in AAC service provision, contributing explicitly to the value of collaboration in AAC service delivery and highlights the importance of evidence-based professional development content. The findings from this study are reassuring in that clinicians are using AAC and suggest that high-quality professional development is an effective means to address the gap between knowledge generation and translation in the field. Supplemental Material S1. STROBE Statement—Checklist of items that should be included in reports of cross-sectional studies. Johnson, R. K., & Gohsman, M. K. (2023). Predictors for augmentative and alternative communication clinical service provision: Closing the gap. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1044/2023_AJSLP-22-00320
On profinite groups with Engel-like conditions
Creators: name: Bastos, Raimundo
name: Shumyatsky, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20E18, 20F45

description: Let $G$ be a profinite group in which for every element $x\in G$ there exists a natural number $q=q(x)$ such that $x^q$ is Engel. We show that $G$ is locally virtually nilpotent. Further, let $p$ be a prime and $G$ a finitely generated profinite group in which for every $γ_k$-value $x\in G$ there exists a natural $p$-power $q=q(x)$ such that $x^q$ is Engel. We show that $γ_k(G)$ is locally virtually nilpotent.
Rising to the Occasion:Partnering to Create a Unit on Implicit Bias
Creators: name: Renner, Barbara Rochen
name: Richardson, Lee M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: With a little creativity and support from her colleagues, a liaison librarian successfully partnered with faculty to create a new curriculum unit on implicit bias incorporating literature searching and writing skills.  Librarians discovered the need for and developed a customized resource guide.  As a result of the liaison librarian’s work on this project, she has brought additional resources and activities on this topic to the attention of others in her library.
Creativity and Resiliency in the Archives: Challenges in Uncovering the History of an Allied Health Sciences Division
Creators: name: Richardson, Lee M.
name: Walker, Jennifer S.
name: Renner, Barbara Rochen
name: Delaney, Shannon
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: The Clinical Rehabilitation and Mental Health Counseling (CRMH) division within the Department of Allied Health Sciences (DAHS) requested help from a librarian in researching the history of the division. The CRMH division believes it has an upcoming anniversary to celebrate and wishes to have a timeline of the divison’s development, along with notable historical documents that highlight milestones and key figures in its history. Archive finding aids and other strategies support the discovery of university documents relevant to the history of the division. The project has been underway for more than a year and is still ongoing. It presents several challenges requiring elements of resiliency, flexibility and creativity.
Accelerated rare event sampling
Creators: name: Yevick, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A sampling procedure for the transition matrix Monte Carlo method is introduced that generates the density of states function over a wide parameter range with minimal coding effort.
description: 7 pages 7 figures
IMPROVED MECHANISM OF THE DIGITAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT MODEL OF EDUCATION IN PRESCHOOL EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
Creators: name: Xaydarov, Rustam
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: In this article we will consider issues related to the model of digital education management in preschool educational organizations. The main principles and tools of this model will be considered, as well as the advantages that it can bring in the educational process. We will also discuss possible challenges and aspects that should be taken into account when implementing this model. As a result, this article will provide an overview and understanding of how the improved mechanism of the digital quality management model of education can be implemented and used in preschool educational organizations..
AAC service delivery barriers and characteristics (Gohsman & Johnson, 2023)
Creators: name: Gohsman, Meredith K.
name: Johnson, Rachel K.
Publisher: name: ASHA journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 420110
subject: Speech pathology
classificationCode: 470101
subject: Communication studies
classificationCode: 470102
subject: Communication technology and digital media studies

description: Purpose: Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) report extensive barriers to delivering augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) services, including the knowledge and skills necessary for AAC service delivery. Although nearly all graduate programs report the inclusion of preservice training for SLPs to provide AAC services, existing research on SLPs’ characteristics of AAC service provision does not reflect these changes. This study aimed to identify current AAC service delivery characteristics, barriers, and learning preferences reported by SLPs.Method: A survey invitation was distributed to SLPs with American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) Certificate of Clinical Competence through social media and the ASHA Community discussion groups.Results: Participants were 530 SLPs who predominantly identified as general practice SLPs. Participants reported 1%–25% of their weekly patient caseload has AAC needs for communication or receives AAC intervention. SLPs reported feeling at least “knowledgeable” in more than half of the targeted competency areas. The reported primary barriers to AAC service provision are knowledge, caseload, and time. Preferences for topic, format, and frequency and duration for AAC-related continuing education were highly variable among SLPs.Conclusions: SLPs’ barriers to AAC service delivery are consistent with research from the last 15 years, revealing a lack of systematic, organizational, and informational mechanisms to support SLPs as vital members of the AAC team. Those involved in post-service instruction and training must consider the training needs of SLPs with varying competence and their experience with AAC modalities, clinical practice backgrounds, and learning preferences. AAC-related training and continuing education must reflect SLP’s daily practice, learning needs, and preferences.Supplemental Material S1. Survey.Gohsman, M. K., & Johnson, R. K. (2023). Reported barriers to augmentative and alternative communication service delivery and learning preferences among speech-language pathologists. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 32(4), 1595–1609. https://doi.org/10.1044/2023_AJSLP-22-00036
Additional file 8 of Examining the influence of thermal effects on solar cells: a comprehensive review
Creators: name: Shaker, Lina M.
name: Al-Amiery, Ahmed A.
name: Hanoon, Mahdi M.
name: Al-Azzawi, Waleed K.
name: Kadhum, Abdul Amir H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 8. Rights and permissions for Figure 9.
ASSESSMENT OF FAT MASS INDEX (FMI) AND IMPACT ON THYROID STIMULATING HORMONE (TSH) AMONG YOUNG HEALTHY FEMALES FROM WESTERN UTTAR PRADESH, INDIA
Creators: name: Saurabh Singh
name: Thuraya Abdulsalam A.A. Al-Azazi
name: Manoj Kumar Nandkeoliar
name: Dhivya S
name: Jasmeen Gupta
name: Bhaskar Charana Kabi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Obesity, BMI, FMI, ELISA, Subclinical Hypothyroidism (SCH), TSH, Abdominal Obesity

description: INTRODUCTION: Fat Mass Index (FMI) which is a measure of obesity, calculated by the ratio of Body Fat Mass (BFM) in kg and height in meter square. Adiposity is strongly associated with health risk including thyroid disorders, predominantly hypothyroidism leading to obesity. The present study intends to evaluate the relationship of FMI with serum TSH through Bioelectrical Impedance (BIA) to help in better intervention of thyroid dysfunction and adiposity in females of child bearing age. AIM: To determine the implications of Fat Mass Index (FMI) on Serum TSH in young healthy female subjects from Western Uttar Pradesh. MATERIALS & METHODS: A cross-sectional study conducted on 100 young healthy female subjects of 18-24 years after approval from Institutional Ethical Committee (IEC). Height was measured using standard height chart according to WHO norms. Bioelectrical Impedance (BIA) method was used to measure BFM and the FMI was computed as a ratio of body fat mass (in kg) and height (in m2). Serum TSH level was estimated by ELISA method. RESULTS: Among 100 subjects, between 18-24 years of age, subjects were grouped on the basis of FMI as subjects with normal fat (n=66, FMI<9 kg/m2) & as overfat/obese (n=34, FMI≥9 kg/m2). A slight increase within the reference range was found in serum TSH level in overfat/obese group than normal fat subjects. A significant positive correlation (p<0.05) between serum TSH & FMI was found in subjects with overfat/obese group. However, no significant association was found in subjects with normal fat. CONCLUSION: Fat Mass Index (FMI) can be a better indicator of fat mass as it reflects true body fatness. Increase in FMI in women increases the level of serum TSH in overweight/obese subjects, presenting a risk of hypothyroidism. It may be useful in appropriate interventional measures like healthy lifestyle & diet which may lower the risk of thyroid disorder by controlling fat accumulation.
A Comprehensive Review of Modern Object Segmentation Approaches
Creators: name: Wang, Yuanbo
name: Ahsan, Unaiza
name: Li, Hanyan
name: Hagen, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4.6

description: Image segmentation is the task of associating pixels in an image with their respective object class labels. It has a wide range of applications in many industries including healthcare, transportation, robotics, fashion, home improvement, and tourism. Many deep learning-based approaches have been developed for image-level object recognition and pixel-level scene understanding-with the latter requiring a much denser annotation of scenes with a large set of objects. Extensions of image segmentation tasks include 3D and video segmentation, where units of voxels, point clouds, and video frames are classified into different objects. We use "Object Segmentation" to refer to the union of these segmentation tasks. In this monograph, we investigate both traditional and modern object segmentation approaches, comparing their strengths, weaknesses, and utilities. We examine in detail the wide range of deep learning-based segmentation techniques developed in recent years, provide a review of the widely used datasets and evaluation metrics, and discuss potential future research directions.
description: 173 pages, 49 figures, published in Foundations and Trends in Computer Graphics and Vision on 10/4/22. Authors retain copyright
Targeted isolation of diverse human protective broadly neutralizing antibodies against SARS-like viruses
Creators: name: Smith, Davey M.
name: Song, Ge
name: Beutler, Nathan
name: Zhou, Panpan
name: Rogers, Thomas F.
name: Dueker, Katharina
name: Schäfer, Alexandra
name: Andrabi, Raiees
name: Torres, Jonathan L.
name: Volk, Reid M.
name: Tse, Longping V.
name: Martinez, David R.
name: Baric, Ralph S.
name: Safonova, Yana
name: Callaghan, Sean
name: He, Wan-Ting
name: Ward, Andrew B.
name: Rawlings, Stephen A.
name: Anzanello, Fabio
name: Capozzola, Tazio
name: Burton, Dennis R.
name: Yuan, Meng
name: Liu, Hejun
name: Parren, Mara
name: Musharrafieh, Rami
name: Wilson, Ian A.
name: Yong, Peter
name: Garcia, Elijah
name: Gralinski, Lisa E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: The emergence of current severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants of concern (VOCs) and potential future spillovers of SARS-like coronaviruses into humans pose a major threat to human health and the global economy. Development of broadly effective coronavirus vaccines that can mitigate these threats is needed. Here, we utilized a targeted donor selection strategy to isolate a large panel of human broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) to sarbecoviruses. Many of these bnAbs are remarkably effective in neutralizing a diversity of sarbecoviruses and against most SARS-CoV-2 VOCs, including the Omicron variant. Neutralization breadth is achieved by bnAb binding to epitopes on a relatively conserved face of the receptor-binding domain (RBD). Consistent with targeting of conserved sites, select RBD bnAbs exhibited protective efficacy against diverse SARS-like coronaviruses in a prophylaxis challenge model in vivo. These bnAbs provide new opportunities and choices for next-generation antibody prophylactic and therapeutic applications and provide a molecular basis for effective design of pan-sarbecovirus vaccines.
Resurgence and the Nekrasov-Shatashvili Limit: Connecting Weak and Strong Coupling in the Mathieu and Lam'e Systems
Creators: name: Basar, Gokce
name: Dunne, Gerald V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Nekrasov-Shatashvili limit for the low-energy behavior of N=2 and N=2* supersymmetric SU(2) gauge theories is encoded in the spectrum of the Mathieu and Lam'e equations, respectively. This correspondence is usually expressed via an all-orders Bohr-Sommerfeld relation, but this neglects non-perturbative effects, the nature of which is very different in the electric, magnetic and dyonic regions. In the gauge theory dyonic region the spectral expansions are divergent, and indeed are not Borel-summable, so they are more properly described by resurgent trans-series in which perturbative and non-perturbative effects are deeply entwined. In the gauge theory electric region the spectral expansions are convergent, but nevertheless there are non-perturbative effects due to poles in the expansion coefficients, and which we associate with worldline instantons. This provides a concrete analog of a phenomenon found recently by Drukker, Marino and Putrov in the large N expansion of the ABJM matrix model, in which non-perturbative effects are related to complex space-time instantons. In this paper we study how these very different regimes arise from an exact WKB analysis, and join smoothly through the magnetic region. This approach also leads to a simple proof of a resurgence relation found recently by Dunne and Unsal, showing that for these spectral systems all non-perturbative effects are subtly encoded in perturbation theory, and identifies this with the Picard-Fuchs equation for the quantized elliptic curve.
description: 43 pages, 6 figs
Low rank compression in the numerical solution of the nonequilibrium Dyson equation
Creators: name: Kaye, Jason
name: Golež, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method to improve the computational and memory efficiency of numerical solvers for the nonequilibrium Dyson equation in the Keldysh formalism. It is based on the empirical observation that the nonequilibrium Green's functions and self energies arising in many problems of physical interest, discretized as matrices, have low rank off-diagonal blocks, and can therefore be compressed using a hierarchical low rank data structure. We describe an efficient algorithm to build this compressed representation on the fly during the course of time stepping, and use the representation to reduce the cost of computing history integrals, which is the main computational bottleneck. For systems with the hierarchical low rank property, our method reduces the computational complexity of solving the nonequilibrium Dyson equation from cubic to near quadratic, and the memory complexity from quadratic to near linear. We demonstrate the full solver for the Falicov-Kimball model exposed to a rapid ramp and Floquet driving of system parameters, and are able to increase feasible propagation times substantially. We present examples with 262144 time steps, which would require approximately five months of computing time and 2.2 TB of memory using the direct time stepping method, but can be completed in just over a day on a laptop with less than 4 GB of memory using our method. We also confirm the hierarchical low rank property for the driven Hubbard model in the weak coupling regime within the GW approximation, and in the strong coupling regime within dynamical mean-field theory.
description: 14 pages
Billion-pixel X-ray camera (BiPC-X)
Creators: name: Wang, Zhehui
name: Anagnost, Kaitlin
name: Barnes, Cris W.
name: Dattelbaum, D. M.
name: Fossum, Eric R.
name: Lee, Eldred
name: Liu, Jifeng
name: Ma, J. J.
name: Meijer, W. Z.
name: Nie, Wanyi
name: Sweeney, C. M.
name: Therrien, Audrey C.
name: Tsai, Hsinhan
name: Que, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The continuing improvement in quantum efficiency (above 90% for single visible photons), reduction in noise (below 1 electron per pixel), and shrink in pixel pitch (less than 1 micron) motivate billion-pixel X-ray cameras (BiPC-X) based on commercial CMOS imaging sensors. We describe BiPC-X designs and prototype construction based on flexible tiling of commercial CMOS imaging sensors with millions of pixels. Device models are given for direct detection of low energy X-rays ($<$ 10 keV) and indirect detection of higher energies using scintillators. Modified Birks's law is proposed for light-yield nonproportionality in scintillators as a function of X-ray energy. Single X-ray sensitivity and spatial resolution have been validated experimentally using laboratory X-ray source and the Argonne Advanced Photon Source. Possible applications include wide field-of-view (FOV) or large X-ray aperture measurements in high-temperature plasmas, the state-of-the-art synchrotron, X-ray Free Electron Laser (XFEL), and pulsed power facilities.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures
Neutron Matter from Low to High Density
Creators: name: Gandolfi, Stefano
name: Gezerlis, Alexandros
name: Carlson, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron matter is an intriguing nuclear system with multiple connections to other areas of physics. Considerable progress has been made over the last two decades in exploring the properties of pure neutron fluids. Here we begin by reviewing work done to explore the behavior of very low density neutron matter, which forms a strongly paired superfluid and is thus similar to cold Fermi atoms, though at energy scales differing by many orders of magnitude. We then increase the density, discussing work that ties the study of neutron matter with the determination of the properties of neutron-rich nuclei and neutron-star crusts. After this, we review the impact neutron matter at even higher densities has on the mass-radius relation of neutron stars, thereby making contact with astrophysical observations.
description: 30 pages, 11 figures; prepared for Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science
Exploring the Temporal Variation of the Solar Quadrupole Moment J2
Creators: name: Eren, Saliha
name: Rozelot, Jean-Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, Rozelot & Eren pointed out that the first solar gravitational moment (J2) might exhibit a temporal variation. The suggested explanation is through the temporal variation of the solar rotation with latitude. This issue is deeper developed due to an accurate knowledge of the long-term variations in solar differential rotation regarding solar activity. Here we analyze solar cycles 12-24, investigating the long-term temporal variations in solar differential rotation. It is shown that J2 exhibits a net modulation over the 13 studied cycles of approximately (89.6 +- 0.1) yr, with a peak-to-peak amplitude of approximately 0.1 x 10-7 for a reference value of 2.07 x 10-7). Moreover, J2 exhibits a positive linear trend in the period of minima solar activity (sunspot number up to around 40) and a marked declining trend in the period of maxima (sunspot number above 50). In absolute magnitude, the mean value of J2 is more significant during periods of minimum than in periods of maximum. These findings are based on observational results that are not free of errors and can be refined further by considering torsional oscillations for example. They are comforted by identifying a periodic variation of the J2 term evidenced through the analysis of the perihelion precession of planetary orbits either deduced from ephemerides or computed in the solar equatorial coordinate system instead of the ecliptic coordinate one usually used.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
The Cosmological Arrow of Time and the Retarded Potentials
Creators: name: Yurova, Alla
name: Yurov, Artyom
name: Yurov, Valerian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the cosmological arrow of time is the cause for the arrow of time associated with the retarded radiation. This implies that the proposed mathematical model serves to confirm the hypothesis of Gold and Wheeler that the stars radiate light instead of consuming it only because the universe is expanding -- just like the darkness of the night sky is a side-effect of the global cosmological expansion.
description: 13 pages, 33 references
Challenges of 3D Surface Reconstruction in Capsule Endoscopy
Creators: name: Rukundo, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Essential for improving the accuracy and reliability of bowel cancer screening, three-dimensional (3D) surface reconstruction using capsule endoscopy (CE) images remains challenging due to CE hardware and software limitations. This report generally focuses on challenges associated with 3D visualization and specifically investigates the impact of the indeterminate selection of the angle of the line of sight on 3D surfaces. Furthermore, it demonstrates that impact through 3D surfaces viewed at the same azimuth angles and different elevation angles of the line of sight. The report concludes that 3D printing of reconstructed 3D surfaces can potentially overcome line of sight indeterminate selection and 2D screen visual restriction-related errors.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
Extension of time-dependent Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov equations
Creators: name: Tohyama, Mitsuru
name: Schuck, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An extension of the time-dependent Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov theory (ETDHFB) which includes higher-order effects such as screening of the pairing correlation is proposed. ETDHFB is applied to a fermion system trapped in a harmonic potential to test its feasability by comparison with the exact solution. With the use of perturbative expressions for the pairing tensor and the two-body density matrix derived from ETDHFB, the screening effect is investigated for atomic fermion systems and isotopes of tin nuclei. It is found that the screening effect on the pairing correlation is not significant.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
Additional file 9 of Examining the influence of thermal effects on solar cells: a comprehensive review
Creators: name: Shaker, Lina M.
name: Al-Amiery, Ahmed A.
name: Hanoon, Mahdi M.
name: Al-Azzawi, Waleed K.
name: Kadhum, Abdul Amir H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 9. Rights and permissions for Figure 10.
Renormalized Multicanonical Sampling
Creators: name: Yevick, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a homogeneous system divisible into identical, weakly interacting subsystems, the muticanonical procedure can be accelerated if it is first applied to determine of the density of states for a single subsystem. This result is then employed to approximate the state density of a subsystem with twice the size that forms the starting point of a new multicanonical iteration. Since this compound subsystem interacts less on average with its environment, iterating this sequence of steps rapidly generates the state density of the full system.
description: 5 pages 3 figures