cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Το Θύμα στον Ελληνικό Τύπο:
Creators: name: Δρίτσας, Στέργιος Γεωργίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Εγκληματολογία
subject: Θύμα
subject: ΜΜΕ
subject: Τύπος
subject: Criminology
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Victim
subject: Mass Media
subject: Press

description: Σκοπός της παρούσας έρευνας είναι η διερεύνηση της θέσης του θύματος στις στήλες του ελληνικού τύπου, καθώς και το πως αυτή η παρουσίαση επηρεάζει την θέση του θύματος στην πραγματική ζωή. Ειδικότερα ερευνήθηκαν συνολικά 906 άρθρα 12 εφημερίδων από την Αθήνα, τη Θεσσαλονίκη και τις Σέρρες και τα αποτελέσματα ταξινομήθηκαν ανά κατηγορία θύματος με κριτήρια νομικά και κοινωνιολογικά. Τα αποτελέσματα της παρούσας έρευνας υπήρξαν θετικά και αρνητικά. Στα πρώτα εντάσσεται αναμφισβήτητα η ολοένα και αυξανόμενη αναφορά στα θύματα του εγκλήματος, η ουδέτερη και προσεκτική αντιμετώπιση θυμάτων όπως οι γυναίκες και τα παιδιά, με σεβασμό στην ιδιαιτερότητά τους. Στον αντίποδα, ως αρνητική πτυχή παραμένει η ηθελημένη πολλές φορές πρόκληση ηθικών πανικών από πλευράς του Τύπου, η ελλιπής αναφορά τόσο σε θέματα πρόληψης όσο και σε θέματα αρωγής προς τα θύματα, που αποδεικνύουν το μειωμένο ενδιαφέρον του Τύπου για τις πολύ σημαντικές αυτές στιγμές στην πορεία του θύματος πριν και μετά το έγκλημα. Καθίσταται συνεπώς επιτακτική η ανάγκη για την επαρκή επιμόρφωση του κοινού για την αντιμετώπιση των αρνητικών επιρροών του Τύπου, ενώ ταυτόχρονα απαιτείται κινητοποίηση των δικαστικών και λοιπών κρατικών αρχών για τη προστασία του θύματος και έναντι των ΜΜΕ, εκ παραλλήλου με την θέσπιση και εφαρμογή ειδικών κανόνων δημοσιογραφικής δεοντολογίας για τα θύματα του εγκλήματος.
description: Aim of the present study is to investigate the position of the victim in the columns of the Greek press, in addition to the effects of this presentation to the real statue of the victim. In particular, we studied in total 906 articles extracted from 12 newspapers by the cities of Athens, Thessaloniki and Serres and the results have been classified by category of victim with legal and sociological criteria. The conclusions of the above research were positive and negative. In the first category belongs the increasing reference to the victim as a subject not an object of the crime and also the careful and neutral presentation of particularly sensitive victims, as women and children. In the contrary, as a negative aspect remains the cause of moral panics by articles of the daily press, along with the lack of any reference to prevention of crime or assistance for the victims. These facts prove the limited interest of the press towards the very important for the victim phases of the criminal phenomenon. It is therefor an urgent need for a better education of the public with the aim of better confronting the negative influences and effects of the press, while at the same time the juridical and other authorities must concentrate to the protection of the victim towards the Mass Media. This aim can be achieved only by constructing and employing rules of journalistic ethics especially concerning the victims of the crime.
Double-Layer Metasurface for Enhanced Photon Up-Conversion
Creators: name: Manley, Phillip
name: Segantini, Michele
name: Ahiboz, Doguscan
name: Hammerschmidt, Martin
name: Arnaoutakis, Georgios
name: MacQueen, Rowan W.
name: Burger, Sven
name: Becker, Christiane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a double-layer dielectric metasurface obtained by stacking a silicon nanodisc array and a silicon photonic crystal slab with equal periodicity on top of each other. We focus on the investigation of electric near-field enhancement effects occurring at resonant excitation of the metasurface and study its optical properties numerically and experimentally. We find that the major difference in multi-layer metasurfaces when compared to conventional single-layer structures appears to be in Rayleigh-Wood anomalies: they are split into multiple different modes which are themselves spectrally broadened. As a proof of concept we cover a double-layer metasurface with a lanthanide-doped up-conversion particle layer and study its interaction with a 1550 nm photoexcitation. We observe a 2.7-fold enhancemed up-conversion photoluminescence by using the stacked metasurface instead of a planar substrate, although only around 1% of the up-conversion material is exposed to enhanced near-fields. Two mechanisms are identified explaining this behavior: First, enhanced near-fields when exciting the metasurface resonantly, and second, light trapping by total internal reflection in the particle layer when the metasurface redirects light into high-angle diffraction orders. These results pave the way for low-threshold and, in particular, broadband photon up-conversion in future solar energy and biosensing applications.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
title: Rationalisation of anthropogenic pressure data layer development for operational management: an example for physical change
Creators: name: Koch, Alexander
name: Goodsir, Freya
Publisher: name: ASC 2013 - Theme session I
Year: 2024
Subjects: Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. Human activities generate a set of environmental pressures on marine habitats. These can overlap in space and time and can vary in severity, depending on their intensity and spatial scale. Several studies have attempted to map pressures which lead to physical change to another seabed type (e.g. Foden et al., 2011, Halpern et al., 2008, Stelzenmüller et al., 2010) (Figure 1). Very little standardisation in pressure layer development and absence of freely available data inhibit the development of effective pressure management. Consequently, there has been a growing interest in producing standardised and refined pressure layers which can be overlaid and combined to aid identification of high priority areas for protection and conservation
Individual tree detection and localization in aerial imagery
Creators: name: Murgu, Dan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The thesis presents and investigates the results of an automated approach for locating individual tree crowns in aerial images. The paradigm of selecting representative tree crowns in the image to be analyzed itself is used to construct the matching model, a linear manifold. The technique known as principal component analysis is used in selecting the spanning basis for the manifold's subspace, aiming at reducing the dimension of the resulting model. Once the manifold has been constructed, one can determine the Reconstruction Error, or Distance From Feature Space, DFFS for short. DFFS, in conjunction with a suitable threshold, turns out to be an effective measurement to be used for accurately locating the positions of individual trees. Experiments have been undertaken to determine this threshold automatically. The result is a model of variation for DFFS which is proposed to compensate for affine transformations in the images to be analyzed. Comparative results against the ground truth are presented. Also variations in scale and misalignment in selecting the images in the training set are considered, and how these influence the results compared to the objective ground truth. The method is simple, easy to implement and achieves good performance. It also seems to be directly applicable in other areas where one searches for objects with similar appearance, and with a vague, or hard to describe structure.
Models of alpha Centauri A and B with and without seismic constraints: time dependence of the mixing-length parameter
Creators: name: Yildiz, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $α$ Cen binary system is a well-known stellar system with very accurate observational constraints to structure of its component stars. In addition to the classical non-seismic constraints, there are also seismic constraints for the interior models of $α$ Cen A and B. These two types of constraint give very different values for the age of the system. While we obtain 8.9 Gyr for the age of the system from the non-seismic constraints, the seismic constraints imply that the age is about 5.6-5.9 Gyr. There may be observational or theoretical reasons for this discrepancy, which can be found by careful consideration of similar stars. The $α$ Cen binary system, with its solar type components, is also suitable for testing the stellar mass dependence of the mixing-length parameter for convection derived from the binaries of Hyades. The values of the mixing-length parameter for $α$ Cen A and B are 2.10 and 1.90 for the non-seismic constraints. If we prioritize to the seismic constraints, we obtain 1.64 and 1.91 for $α$ Cen A and B, respectively. By taking into account of these two contrasting cases for stellar mass dependence of the mixing-length parameter, we derive two expressions for its time dependence, which are also compatible with the mass dependence of the mixing-length parameter derived from the Hyades stars. For assessment, these expressions should be tested in other stellar systems and clusters.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, to be published in MNRAS
Observing distant objects with a multimode fibre-based holographic endoscope
Creators: name: Leite, Ivo T.
name: Turtaev, Sergey
name: Flaes, Dirk E. Boonzajer
name: Čižmár, Tomáš
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Holographic wavefront manipulation enables converting hair-thin multimode optical fibres into minimally invasive lensless imaging instruments conveying much higher information densities than conventional endoscopes. Their most prominent applications focus on accessing delicate environments, including deep brain compartments, and recording micrometre-scale resolution images of structures in close proximity to the distal end of the instrument. Here, we introduce an alternative 'farfield' endoscope, capable of imaging macroscopic objects across a large depth of field. The endoscope shaft with dimensions of 0.2$\times$0.4 mm$^2$ consists of two parallel optical fibres, one for illumination and the second for signal collection. The system is optimized for speed, power efficiency and signal quality, taking into account specific features of light transport through step-index multimode fibres. The characteristics of imaging quality are studied at distances between 20 and 400 mm. As a proof-of-concept, we provide imaging inside the cavities of a sweet pepper commonly used as a phantom for biomedically relevant conditions. Further, we test the performance on a functioning mechanical clock, thus verifying its applicability in dynamically changing environments. With performance reaching the standard definition of video endoscopes, this work paves the way towards the exploitation of minimally-invasive holographic micro-endoscopes in clinical and diagnostics applications.
description: 9+6 pages, 4+5 figures
On the dynamics of the nonrotating and rotating black hole scalarization
Creators: name: Doneva, Daniela D.
name: Yazadjiev, Stoytcho S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Even though black hole scalarization is extensively studied recently, little has been done in the direction of understanding the dynamics of this process, especially in the rapidly rotating regime. In the present paper, we focus exactly on this problem by considering the nonlinear dynamics of the scalar field while neglecting the backreaction on the spacetime metric. This approach has proven to give good results in various scenarios and we have explicitly demonstrated its accuracy for nonrotating black holes especially close to the bifurcation point. We have followed the evolution of a black hole from a small initial perturbation, throughout the exponential growth of the scalar field followed by a subsequent saturation to an equilibrium configuration. As expected, even though the emitted signal and the time required to scalarize the black hole are dependent on the initial perturbation, the final stationary state that is reached is independent on the initial data.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures
Rate constants from instanton theory via a microcanonical approach
Creators: name: McConnell, Sean R.
name: Löhle, Andreas
name: Kästner, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microcanonical instanton theory offers the promise of providing rate constants for chemical reactions including quantum tunneling of atoms over the whole temperature range. We discuss different rate expressions, which require the calculation of stability parameters of the instantons. The traditional way of obtaining these stability parameters is shown to be numerically unstable in practical applications. We provide three alternative algorithms to obtain such stability parameters for non-separable systems, i.e., systems in which the vibrational modes perpendicular to the instanton path couple to movement along the path. We show the applicability of our algorithms on two molecular systems: H$_2$ + OH $\rightarrow$ H$_2$O + H using a fitted potential energy surface and HNCO + H $\rightarrow$ NH$_2$CO using a potential obtained on-the-fly from density functional calculations.
Creation and Manipulation of Anyons in the Kitaev Model
Creators: name: Dusuel, S.
name: Schmidt, K. P.
name: Vidal, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the effect of local spin operators in the Kitaev model on the honeycomb lattice. We show, in perturbation around the isolated-dimer limit, that they create Abelian anyons together with fermionic excitations which are likely to play a role in experiments. We derive the explicit form of the operators creating and moving Abelian anyons without creating fermions and show that it involves multi-spin operations. Finally, the important experimental constraints stemming from our results are discussed.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, published version
DETERMINATION OF THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE PLANT ARNICA MONTANA
Creators: name: Mamatkulov, Z.U.
name: Sharipova, R.T.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Arnica montana (also called wolf’s bane) is a tall perineal plant with large yellow flowers that belongs to the daisy family Asteraceae and is widespread across Europe. Arnica montana is used in small oral doses in homeopathic medicine and in low doses as treatment for pain, inflammation and fever, most often post-surgery or trauma. It is also used more conventionally as a topical medication for wound healing, swelling, inflammation, bruising and pain. However, there is little evidence for its efficacy either as an oral homeopathic or a topical herbal therapy. The FDA classifies Arnica montana as an unsafe herb and cautions against using it orally or applied to broken skin where absorption can occur.
title: Long-term measurements of the environment around marine renewable energy devices
Creators: name: Williamson, Benjamin
name: Blondel, Philippe
name: Waggitt, James
name: Bell, Paul
name: Scott, Beth
Publisher: name: ASC 2013 - Theme session I
Year: 2024
Subjects: Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. The drive towards sustainable energy has seen rapid development of wave and tidal marine renewable energy (MRE) devices. However, little is known of the environmental and ecological effects of installing and operating individual devices or arrays.
Parameter Estimation for Mixed-Mechanism Tear Film Thinning
Creators: name: Luke, Rayanne A.
name: Braun, Richard J.
name: Driscoll, Tobin A.
name: Awisi-Gyau, Deborah
name: Begley, Carolyn G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 76M21 (Primary) 76A20 (Secondary)

description: Etiologies of tear breakup include evaporation-driven, divergent flow-driven, and a combination of these two. A mathematical model incorporating evaporation and lipid-driven tangential flow is fit to fluorescence imaging data. The lipid-driven motion is hypothesized to be caused by localized excess lipid, or "globs." Tear breakup quantities such as evaporation rates and tangential flow rates cannot currently be directly measured during breakup. We determine such variables by fitting mathematical models for tear breakup and the computed fluorescent intensity to experimental intensity data gathered in vivo. Parameter estimation is conducted via least squares minimization of the difference between experimental data and computed answers using either the trust-region-reflective or Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm. Best-fit determination of tear breakup parameters supports the notion that evaporation and divergent tangential flow can cooperate to drive breakup. The resulting tear breakup is typically faster than purely evaporative cases. Many instances of tear breakup may have similar causes, which suggests that interpretation of experimental results may benefit from considering multiple mechanisms.
description: 47 pages, 24 figures, submitted to Bulletin of Mathematical Biology
title: Effects of trawling impacts on mega-epibenthic communities from heavy exploited to undisturbed areas in a Mediterranean fishing ground (Central Mediterranean Sea)
Creators: name: Mangano, M. Cristina
name: Porporato, Erika M. D.
name: Russo, Elisabetta
name: Lambert, Gwladys I.
name: Kaiser, Michel J.
name: Spanò, Nancy
name: Carbonara, Pierluigi
name: Spedicato, Maria T.
Publisher: name: ASC 2013 - Theme session I
Year: 2024
Subjects: Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. Detailed studies of the responses of communities’ components to fishing activities are necessary to suggest effective measures of management in a context of Ecosystem-Based Fisheries Management. Multiple case-studies from a wider range of habitats are needed to refine model predictions of the consequences of bottom fishing disturbance. In this context, the study aims to highlight the impact of otter trawl fisheries on epifaunal assemblages to a fishing ground scale in the Southern Tyrrhenian Sea. The study takes advantage of the presence of two Fishery Exclusion Zones. A high-resolution spatial distribution of fishing effort was obtained through Vessel Monitoring System data analysis. Mega-epibenthic organisms were collected in the framework of the MEDITS Project. Fishing intensity effects were tested on each surveyed epibenthic communities across the continental shelf and down to the meso-bathyal plain. Density and biomass indices reached the highest values inside the EFZs. Nottrawled areas had a significantly high abundance of fragile and emerging species. Contrarily the mostly exploited areas had a greater number of scavengers.
Effects of Secular Interactions in Extrasolar Planetary Systems
Creators: name: Adams, Fred C.
name: Laughlin, Gregory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper studies the effects of dynamical interactions among the planets in observed extrasolar planetary systems, including hypothetical additional bodies, with a focus on secular perturbations. These interactions cause the eccentricities of the planets to explore a distribution of values over time scales that are long compared to observational time baselines, but short compared to the age of the systems. The same formalism determines the eccentricity forcing of hypothetical test bodies (terrestrial planets) in these systems and we find which systems allow for potentially habitable planets. Such planets would be driven to nonzero orbital eccentricity and we derive the distribution of stellar flux experienced by the planets over the course of their orbits. The general relativistic corrections to secular interaction theory are included in the analysis and such effects are important in systems with close planets ($\sim$4 day orbits). Some extrasolar planetary systems (e.g., Upsilon Andromedae) can be used as a test of general relativity, whereas in other systems, general relativity can be used to constrain the system parameters (e.g., $\sin i \gta 0.93$ for HD160691). For the case of hot Jupiters, we discuss how the absence of observed eccentricity implies the absence of companion planets.
description: 32 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Quantum Theory of Cavity-Assisted Sideband Cooling of Mechanical Motion
Creators: name: Marquardt, Florian
name: Chen, Joe P.
name: Clerk, A. A.
name: Girvin, S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a fully quantum theory describing the cooling of a cantilever coupled via radiation pressure to an illuminated optical cavity. Applying the quantum noise approach to the fluctuations of the radiation pressure force, we derive the opto-mechanical cooling rate and the minimum achievable phonon number. We find that reaching the quantum limit of arbitrarily small phonon numbers requires going into the good cavity (resolved phonon sideband) regime where the cavity linewidth is much smaller than the mechanical frequency and the corresponding cavity detuning. This is in contrast to the common assumption that the mechanical frequency and the cavity detuning should be comparable to the cavity damping.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Correlated Worldline theory: Structure and Consistency
Creators: name: Barvinsky, A. O.
name: Wilson-Gerow, J.
name: Stamp, P. C. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a formal treatment of the "Correlated Worldline" theory of quantum gravity. The generating functional is written as a product over multiple copies of the coupled matter and gravitational fields; paths for fields are correlated via gravity itself. In the limit where the gravitational coupling $G \rightarrow 0$, conventional quantum field theory is recovered; in the classical limit $\hbar \rightarrow 0$, General Relativity is recovered. A formal loop expansion is derived, with all terms up to one-loop order $\sim O(l_P^2)$ given explicitly, where $l_P$ is the Planck length. We then derive the form of a perturbation expansion in $l_P^2$ around a background field, with the correlation functions given explicitly up to $\sim O(l_P^2)$. Finally, we explicitly demonstrate the on-shell gauge independence of the theory, to order $l_P^2$ in gravitational coupling and to all orders in matter loops, and derive the relevant Ward identities.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures
title: Marine spatial planning on the Dogger Bank: Reflections on the cross border spatial planning process for the adjoining Natura 2000 sites
Creators: name: Goldsborough, David
Publisher: name: ASC 2013 - Theme session I
Year: 2024
Subjects: Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. The cross border spatial planning process on the Dogger Bank has been a novice and uncertain endeavour for all actors involved.
Nontrivial solutions of systems of perturbed Hammerstein integral equations with functional terms
Creators: name: Infante, Gennaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 45G15, secondary 34B10, 47H30

description: We discuss the solvability of a fairly general class of systems of perturbed Hammerstein integral equations with functional terms that depend on several parameters. The nonlinearities and the functionals are allowed to depend on the components of the system and their derivatives. The results are applicable to systems of nonlocal second order ordinary differential equations subject to functional boundary conditions, this is illustrated in an example. Our approach is based on the classical fixed point index.
description: 11 pages
Infrared 3-4 Micron Spectroscopy of Infrared Luminous Galaxies with Possible Signatures of Obscured Active Galactic Nuclei
Creators: name: Imanishi, Masatoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of infrared 2.8-4.1 micron (L-band) spectroscopy of nearby infrared luminous galaxies with possible signatures of dust-obscured active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in data at other wavelengths. The samples are chosen to include sources with a radio excess relative to far-infrared emission, strong absorption features in mid-infrared 5-11.5 micron spectra, unusually weak [CII] 158 micron emission relative to the far-infrared continuum, and radio galaxies classified optically as narrow-line objects. Our aim is to investigate whether the signatures of possible obscured AGNs can be detected in our L-band spectra, based on the strengths of emission and absorption features. Six of nine observed sources clearly show 3.3 micron polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission features, a good starburst indicator. An absorption feature at 3.1 micron due to ice-covered dust is detected in IRAS 04154+1755 and IRAS 17208-0014. The signature of a bare carbonaceous dust absorption feature at 3.4 micron is seen in NGC 1377. Our L-band spectra reveal strong signatures of obscured AGNs in all three optical Seyfert 2 galaxies (IRAS 04154+1755, Cygnus A, and 3C 234), and two galaxies classified optically as non-Seyferts (NGC 828 and NGC 1377). Among the remaining optical non-Seyferts, IRAS 17208-0014 might also show a buried AGN signature, whereas no explicit AGN evidence is seen in the L-band spectra of the mid-infrared absorption-feature source IRAS 15250+3609, and two weak [CII] emitters IC 860 and CGCG 1510.8+0725.
description: 14 pages (emulateapj.sty), 3 figures, Accepted for publication in Astronomical Journal Vol. 131 No. 5 (May 2006)
title: Precision of discard estimates from the French onboard observer programme
Creators: name: Rochet, Marie-Joëlle
name: Diméet, Joël
name: Dubé, Benoît
name: Fauconnet, Laurence
name: Trenkel, Verena
Publisher: name: ASC 2013 - Theme session J
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. Onboard observer programmes are considered a reliable method to appraise bycatch and discards, but selecting sampling frames that are both statistically sound and practically feasible might be difficult. Here we examine the performance of a métier-based sampling frame as currently imposed by the European Union (EU) Data Collection Framework (DCF). We developed a method to aggregate métiers into a tractable number of sampling strata, and “optimized” sampling effort allocation with respect to precision under regulatory and resource constraints. Under such a sampling frame total amounts discarded by métier can be estimated with a precision (CV) of 20% on average.
Statistical study of gamma-ray bursts with jet break feature in multi-wavelength afterglow emissions
Creators: name: Zhao, Wen
name: Zhang, Jia-Chang
name: Zhang, Qing-Xiang
name: Liang, Jian-Tong
name: Luan, Xiao-Hang
name: Zhou, Qi-Qi
name: Yi, Shuang-Xi
name: Wang, Fei-Fei
name: Zhang, Shao-Tong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is generally supposed that a transition from the normal decay phase (decay slope $\sim -1$) to a steeper phase (decay slope $\sim -2$) could be suggested as a jet break. The jet opening angle $θ_{\rm jet}$ is then calculated from the jet break time of the afterglow light curve. This allows the derivation of the collimation-corrected energy $E_{\rm jet}$ of those GRBs. We extensively searched for the GRBs with jet break features from multi-wavelength afterglow light curves, and 138 GRBs with significant breaks were collected. The jet break times of those GRBs mainly range from 1000 s to $10^6$ s, and the distribution of the collimation-corrected energy $E_{\rm jet}$ peaks at $\sim10^{50}$ erg. We also confirmed the $E_{\rm γ,iso}-E_{\rm p,i}$, $E_{\rm jet}-E_{\rm p,i}$ and $E_{\rm γ,iso}-θ_{\rm jet}$ relations, and found $E_{\rm γ,iso}-T_{\rm j,z}-E_{\rm p,i}$ relation remains tight with more multi-wavelength data. This tight $E_{\rm γ,iso}-T_{\rm j,z}-E_{\rm p,i}$ relation is also conformed by different groups of our selected GRBs in the paper. In addition, another two new and tighter correlations among $E_{\rm jet}-T_{\rm j,z}-E_{\rm p,i}$ are well confirmed for different circumburst mediums in this paper. We suggest that those tight three-parameter correlations are more physical, and could be widely applied to constrain the cosmological parameters.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures and 2 tables; final version published in ApJ
Images of Vega Dust Ring at 350 and 450 microns: New Clues to the Trapping of Multiple-Sized Dust Particles in Planetary Resonances
Creators: name: Marsh, K. A.
name: Dowell, C. D.
name: Velusamy, T.
name: Grogan, K.
name: Beichman, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used the SHARC II camera at Caltech Submillimeter Observatory to make 350 and 450 micron images of the Vega dust disk at spatial resolutions (FWHM) of 9.7" and 11.1", respectively. The images show a ring-like morphology (radius \~ 100 AU) with inhomogeneous structure that is qualitatively different from that previously reported at 850 microns and longer wavelengths. We attribute the 350/450 micron emission to a grain population whose characteristic size (~ 1 mm) is intermediate between that of the cm-sized grains responsible for emission longward of 850 microns and the much smaller grains (< 18 microns) in the extensive halo, visible at 70 microns, discussed by Su et al. (2005). We have combined our submillimeter images with Spitzer data at 70 microns to produce 2-d maps of line-of-sight optical depth (relative column density). These "tau maps" suggest that the mm-sized grains are located preferentially in three symmetrically-located concentrations. If so, then this structure could be understood in terms of the Wyatt (2003) model in which planetesimals are trapped in the mean motion resonances of a Neptune-mass planet at 65 AU, provided allowance is made for the spatial distribution of dust grains to differ from that of the parent planetesimals. The peaks of the tau maps are, in fact, located near the expected positions corresponding to the 4:3 resonance. If this identification is confirmed by future observations, it would resolve an ambiguity with regard to the location of the planet.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures. ApJ Letters, in press (scheduled for 2006 July 20)
Positive streamers in ambient air and a N2:O2-mixture (99.8 : 0.2)
Creators: name: Briels, T. M. P.
name: van Veldhuizen, E. M.
name: Ebert, Ute
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photographs show distinct differences between positive streamers in air or in a nitrogen-oxygen mixture (0.2% O2). The streamers in the mixture branch more frequently, but the branches also extinguish more easily. Probably related to that, the streamers in the mixture propagate more in a zigzag manner while they are straighter in air. Furthermore, streamers in the mixture can become longer; they are thinner and more intense.
description: 2 pages, 4 figures, paper is accepted for IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. and scheduled to appear in June 2008
The Barts Health Data Platform
Creators: name: Uddin, Ruzena
name: Eaton, Benjamin
name: Newhouse, Steven
name: Hann, Evan
name: Wildish, Anthony
name: Bioku, Idowu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: secure data environment
SDE
Trusted Research Environment
TRE
Personalised Medicine
Data Warehouse
Precision Medicine
Health Data
Data Access Committee

description: The Barts Health NHS Trust (BHNT) has established the Barts Health Data Platform (BHDP) as part of a broader Precision Medicine Programme (PMP) to support research into, and operational deployment of, advanced data analytics for the 2.5M patients and public primarily living in East London.  The BHDP consist of three new components: the Barts Health Data Access Committee (BHDAC) (which brings together relevant professionals and public to review and make data access decisions), the Analysis Data Core (ADC) (which transforms raw patient data from various internal sources into a coherent data set for onward analysis) and a Secure Data Environment (SDE) (where authorised projects and users analyse sensitive data). This paper will provide a high-level overview of the design and implementation of these components, and how they provide the governance and technical measures needed to successfully deliver secure access to sensitive health records.  This work has been supported by Barts Charity through two awards (G-001725 and G-002196) that will enable the design and operation of the BHDP between 2021 and 2027.
Effective visualization of large multidimensional datasets
Creators: name: Healey, Christopher G.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A new method for assisting with the visualization of large multidimensional datasets is proposed. We classify datasets with more than one million elements as large. Multidimensional data elements are elements with two or more dimensions, each of which is at least binary. Multidimensional data visualization involves representation of multidimensional data elements in a low dimensional environment, such as a computer screen or printed media. Traditional visualization techniques are not well suited to solving this problem. Our data visualization techniques are based in large part on a field of cognitive psychology called preattentive processing. Preattentive processing is the study of visual features that are detected rapidly and with little effort by the human visual system. Examples include hue, orientation, form, intensity, and motion. We studied ways of extending and applying research results from preattentive processing to address our visualization requirements. We used our investigations to build visualization tools that allow a user to very rapidly and accurately perform exploratory analysis tasks. These tasks include searching for target elements, identifying boundaries between groups of common elements, and estimating the number of elements that have a specific visual feature. Our experimental results were positive, suggesting that dynamic sequences of frames can be used to explore large amounts of data in a relatively short period of time. Recent work in both scientific visualization and database systems has started to address the problems inherent in managing large scientific datasets. One promising technique is knowledge discovery, "the nontrivial extraction of implicit, previously unknown, and potentially useful information from data". We hypothesise that knowledge discovery can be used as a filter to reduce the amount of data sent to the visualization tool. Data elements that do not belong to a user-chosen group of interest can be discarded, the dimensionality of individual data elements can be compressed, and previously unknown trends and relationships can be discovered and explored. We illustrate how our techniques can be used by applying them to real-world data and tasks. This includes the visualization of simulated salmon migration results, computerized tomography medical slices, and environmental datasets that track ocean and atmospheric conditions.
Muons as Local Probes of Three-body Correlations in the Mixed State of Type-II Superconductors
Creators: name: Menon, G. I.
name: Drew, A.
name: Divakar, U. K.
name: Lee, S. L.
name: Gilardi, R.
name: Mesot, J.
name: Ogrin, F. Y.
name: Charalambous, D.
name: Forgan, E. M.
name: Momono, N.
name: Oda, M.
name: Dewhurst, C.
name: Baines, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The vortex glass state formed by magnetic flux lines in a type-II superconductor is shown to possess non-trivial three-body correlations. While such correlations are usually difficult to measure in glassy systems, the magnetic fields associated with the flux vortices allow us to probe these via muon-spin rotation measurements of the local field distribution. We show via numerical simulations and analytic calculations that these observations provide detailed microscopic insight into the local order of the vortex glass and more generally validate a theoretical framework for correlations in glassy systems.
description: 4+ pages, high-quality figures available on request
Efficient Parallel Linear Scaling Method to get the Response Density Matrix in All-Electron Real-Space Density-Functional Perturbation Theory
Creators: name: Shang, Honghui
name: Liang, Wanzhen
name: Zhang, Yunquan
name: Yang, Jinlong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The real-space density-functional perturbation theory (DFPT) for the computations of the response properties with respect to the atomic displacement and homogeneous electric field perturbation has been recently developed and implemented into the all-electron, numeric atom-centered orbitals electronic structure package FHI-aims. It is found that the bottleneck for large scale applications is the computation of the response density matrix, which scales as $O(N^3)$. Here for the response properties with respect to the homogeneous electric field, we present an efficient parallel linear scaling algorithm for the response density matrix calculation. Our scheme is based on the second-order trace-correcting purification and the parallel sparse matrix-matrix multiplication algorithms. The new scheme reduces the formal scaling from $O(N^3)$ to $O(N)$, and shows good parallel scalability over tens of thousands of cores. As demonstrated by extensive validation, we achieve a rapid computation of accurate polarizabilities using DFPT. Finally, the computational efficiency of this scheme has been illustrated by making the scaling tests and scalability tests on massively parallel computer systems.
Star formation in a clustered environment around the UCHII region in IRAS 20293+3952
Creators: name: Palau, Aina
name: Estalella, Robert
name: Girart, J. Miquel
name: Ho, Paul T. P.
name: Zhang, Qizhou
name: Beuther, Henrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We aim at studying the cluster environment surrounding the UCHII region in IRAS 20293+3952, a region in the first stages of formation of a cluster around a high-mass star. BIMA and VLA were used to observe the 3 mm continuum, N2H+(1-0), NH3(1,1) and (2,2), and CH3OH(2-1) emission of the surroundings of the UCHII region. We studied the kinematics of the region and computed the rotational temperature and column density maps by fitting the hyperfine structure of N2H+ and NH3. The dense gas traced by N2H+ and NH3 shows two different clouds, a main cloud to the east of the UCHII region, of 0.5 pc and 250 Msun, and a western cloud, of 0.15 pc and 30 Msun. The dust emission reveals two strong components in the northern side of the main cloud, associated with Young Stellar Objects (YSOs) driving molecular outflows, and two fainter components in the southern side, with no signs of star forming activity. Regarding the CH3OH, we found strong emission in a fork-like structure associated with outflow B, as well as emission associated with outflow A. The rotational temperature is higher in the northern side of the main cloud, around 22 K, where there are most of the YSOs, than in the southern side, around 16 K. There is strong chemical differentiation in the region, since we determined low values of the NH3/N2H+ ratio, around 50, associated with YSOs in the north of the main cloud, and high values, up to 300, associated with cores with no detected YSOs, in the south of the main cloud. Such a chemical differentiation is likely due to abundance/depletion effects. Finally, interaction between the different sources in the region is important, mainly through their UV radiation and outflows (abridged).
description: 17 pages, 12 figures, accepted to A&A
Kuksa*: Self-Adaptive Microservices in Automotive Systems
Creators: name: Banijamali, Ahmad
name: Kuvaja, Pasi
name: Oivo, Markku
name: Jamshidi, Pooyan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In pervasive dynamic environments, vehicles connect to other objects to send operational data and receive updates so that vehicular applications can provide services to users on demand. Automotive systems should be self-adaptive, thereby they can make real-time decisions based on changing operating conditions. Emerging modern solutions, such as microservices could improve self-adaptation capabilities and ensure higher levels of quality performance in many domains. We employed a real-world automotive platform called Eclipse Kuksa to propose a framework based on microservices architecture to enhance the self-adaptation capabilities of automotive systems for runtime data analysis. To evaluate the designed solution, we conducted an experiment in an automotive laboratory setting where our solution was implemented as a microservice-based adaptation engine and integrated with other Eclipse Kuksa components. The results of our study indicate the importance of design trade-offs for quality requirements' satisfaction levels of each microservices and the whole system for the optimal performance of an adaptive system at runtime.
title: Comparing model‐based and design‐based estimators for catch‐at‐age
Creators: name: Hirst, David
name: Aanes, Sondre
name: Vølstad, Jon Helge
Publisher: name: ASC 2013 - Theme session J
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. Estimates of catch‐at‐age using design based estimators are compared with those from the Bayesian hierarchical model of Hirst et al (2012) in a simulation study. The simulation scenario had 2 covariates each with up to 6 levels, and each cell (combination of covariates) had the same total catch in weight. Different numbers of sampled boats and fish per boat were simulated from the model and the boats assigned to each cell first as evenly as possible, then randomly with equal probability for each cell. The performance of the estimators is assessed by the coverage and width of nominal 80% intervals. We find that the model always gives intervals with coverage close to the nominal value, whilst the design estimators have too low coverage for small numbers of boats per cell.
On one-dimensional models for hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Escudero, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: To date it has not been possible to prove whether or not the three-dimensional incompressible Euler equations develop singular behaviour in finite time. Some possible singular scenarios, as for instance shock-waves, are very important from a physical point of view, since they imply the connection among the macroscopic and the microscopic scale. Therefore, the appearence of this type of singularity or a similar one might be interpreted as a possible explanation of the transition to turbulence. In order to clarify the question, some one-dimensional models for ideal incompressible hydrodynamics have been introduced and analyzed, and it was proven that shock-waves appear in finite time within this type of flow. In this work we question the validity of these models and analyze the physical meaning that the occurrence of a singularity in an incompressible flow, if it happens, may have.
Designing Sequence with Minimum PSL Using Chebyshev Distance and its Application for Chaotic MIMO Radar Waveform Design
Creators: name: Najafabadi, Hamid Esmaeili
name: Ataei, Mohammad
name: Sabahi, Mohamad F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Controlling peak side-lobe level (PSL) is of great importance in high-resolution applications of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radars. In this paper, designing sequences with good autocorrelation properties are studied. The PSL of the autocorrelation is regarded as the main merit and is optimized through newly introduced cyclic algorithms, namely; PSL Minimization Quadratic Approach (PMQA), PSL Minimization Algorithm, the smallest Rectangular (PMAR), and PSL Optimization Cyclic Algorithm (POCA). It is revealed that minimizing PSL results in better sequences in terms of autocorrelation side-lobes when compared with traditional integrated side-lobe level (ISL) minimization. In order to improve the performance of these algorithms, fast-randomized Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) is utilized. To achieve waveform design for MIMO radars, this algorithm is applied to the waveform generated from a modified Bernoulli chaotic system. The numerical experiments confirm the superiority of the newly developed algorithms compared to high-performance algorithms in mono-static and MIMO radars.
description: 14 pages