cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Pedagogy for restoration: addressing social and ecological degradation through education
Creators: name: Krzesni, David
Publisher: name: Western Washington University
Year: 2014

description:
This work seeks to understand the conditions leading the degradation of Earth in order to discover pedagogy for restoration. The degradation of natural environments and of social conditions is identified as a significantly anthropogenic process. This suggests that degradation of Earth is a moral issue and thus human morality and its development are explored in depth. Individual moral development is found to be deeply related to socialization and provides insight into how and why we fail to live to our potential as a naturally moral species. However, through education we can achieve a greater potential. This process cannot be scripted, but certain elements of such pedagogy are explored as both educational processes and precursors to education. We must help students meet their basic needs, center their own identities and experience while simultaneously emphasizing community and relationships, and help them to find a sense of purpose. These efforts facilitate restoration by helping students reach a physical and emotional place that is conducive to learning and self-efficacy so that they may engage in the project of restoration in their own way.
Experimental Analysis of Suspension Flows Over and Through Various Porous Media Models
Creators: name: Haffner, Eileen Ann
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Porous media and suspension flows have been the subject of multiple scientific investigations, independently. The previous literature involving porous media has for the most part examined the nature of pure Newtonian fluids as they flow over and thorough various porous media models. Suspension flow experiments are typically conducted within geometries exhibiting solid, impermeable boundaries. Because of this disparity there is little information discussing the nature of a suspension flow moving over a porous media. This study used optical experimental techniques to investigate the velocity and particle solid volume fraction distributions of a dilute suspension containing non-Brownian, non-colloidal, rigid, spherical particles as it flows through a channel partially obstructed with a porous media along the bottom boundary. Different parameters of this configuration are altered to examine how they each affect the overall flow structure as well as parameters at the interfacial region between the porous media and the free flow region. The first study focused on the suspension particle solid volume fraction (1%, 3%, and 5%) while keeping the porous media constant. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) was used to extract velocity information from the flow. The velocity profiles showed that there was some impact on the local velocity within the porous media due to an interaction of the porous media and the suspension particles. The second study examined the characteristics of the porous media while keeping the particle solid volume fraction at 3% to isolate how the flow is affected due to these properties. Specifically, the porous media thickness and permeability were altered. This data showed that both parameters shifted the location of the maximum velocity within the free flow region, which also changes the properties at the interface. A different experimental technique was developed using optical tracking flow velocimetry (OTFV) to visualize the flow particle solid volume fraction. This data showed the distribution of the suspension particles and how their distribution and velocity were changed with an increase in particle solid volume fraction. The final group of experiments utilized a ~183cm-long flow channel to examine very dilute suspensions and how their particles are distributed over the porous media along two different flow planes.
Subdiffraction-limited quantum imaging within a living cell
Creators: name: Taylor, Michael A.
name: Janousek, Jiri
name: Daria, Vincent
name: Knittel, Joachim
name: Hage, Boris
name: Bachor, Hans-A.
name: Bowen, Warwick P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report both sub-diffraction-limited quantum metrology and quantum enhanced spatial resolution for the first time in a biological context. Nanoparticles are tracked with quantum correlated light as they diffuse through an extended region of a living cell in a quantum enhanced photonic force microscope. This allows spatial structure within the cell to be mapped at length scales down to 10 nm. Control experiments in water show a 14% resolution enhancement compared to experiments with coherent light. Our results confirm the longstanding prediction that quantum correlated light can enhance spatial resolution at the nanoscale and in biology. Combined with state-of-the-art quantum light sources, this technique provides a path towards an order of magnitude improvement in resolution over similar classical imaging techniques.
Additional file 1 of Correlation between C-reactive protein and postoperative mortality in patients undergoing hip fracture surgery: a meta-analysis
Creators: name: Chen, Bing-Kuan
name: Liu, Yu-Cheng
name: Chen, Chun-Ching
name: Chen, Yu-Pin
name: Kuo, Yi-Jie
name: Huang, Shu-Wei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Additional file of Correlation between C-Reactive Protein and Postoperative Mortality in Patients Undergoing Hip Fracture Surgery: A Meta-Analysis;Table S1 : Methodological quality of the included studies; Fig. S1: Funnel plot of the studies comparing preoperative CRP levels between the death and survival groups for a follow-up duration of ≥6 months.
title: The genetic identity of the only Italian population of the genus Macroprotodon Guichenot, 1850 on the island of Lampedusa, Sicily
Creators: name: Faraone, Francesco Paolo
name: Melfi, Raffaella
name: Di Nicola, Matteo Riccardo
name: Giacalone, Gabriele
name: Lo Valvo, Mario
Publisher: name: Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung
Year: 2020

description: The only Italian population of false smooth snakes is found on Lampedusa, a small island located in the Sicilian Channel and part of the African continental shelf. The taxonomic identity of this population is currently uncertain, although it is most often attributed to Macroprotodon cucullatus textilis on a morphological basis. We present here the first genetic data on this population. The analysis carried out on the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene shows that the Lampedusan false smooth snake belongs to a clade shared with a single sample from central Tunisia. The genetic distance between this lineage and its sister group (M. abubakeri) is comparable to or higher than that found among many reptile species. To define the identity of this distinctive lineage, as well as the Macroprotodon taxonomic structure, further sampling efforts within the undersampled distribution area of this genus and more extensive analyses will be necessary.
The G-O Rule and Waldmeier Effect in the Variations of the Numbers of Large and Small Sunspot Groups
Creators: name: Javaraiah, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have analysed the combined Greenwich and Solar Optical Observing Network (SOON) sunspot group data during the period of 1874-2011 and determined variations in the annual numbers (counts) of the small, large and big sunspot groups (these classifications are made on the basis of the maximum areas of the sunspot groups). We found that the amplitude of an even-numbered cycle of the number of large groups is smaller than that of its immediately following odd-numbered cycle. This is consistent with the well known Gnevyshev and Ohl rule or G-O rule of solar cycles, generally described by using the Zurich sunspot number (Rz). During cycles 12-21 the G-O rule holds good for the variation in the number of small groups also, but it is violated by cycle pair (22, 23) as in the case of Rz. This behaviour of the variations in the small groups is largely responsible for the anomalous behaviour of Rz in cycle pair (22, 23). It is also found that the amplitude of an odd-numbered cycle of the number of small groups is larger than that of its immediately following even-numbered cycle. This can be called as `reverse G-O rule'. In the case of the number of the big groups, both cycle pairs (12, 13) and (22, 23) violated the G-O rule. In many cycles the positions of the peaks of the small, large, and big groups are different and considerably differ with respect to the corresponding positions of the Rz peaks. In the case of cycle 23, the corresponding cycles of the small and large groups are largely symmetric/less asymmetric (Waldmeier effect is weak/absent) with their maxima taking place two years later than that of Rz. The corresponding cycle of the big groups is more asymmetric (strong Waldmeier effect) with its maximum epoch taking place at the same time as that of Rz.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, accepted by Solar Physics
One Foot Out the Door: Late Postclassic Zooarchaeology of Lake Mensabak, Chiapas, Mexico.
Creators: name: Kestle, Caleb N
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The cosmology of Late Postclassic Maya living around the Lake Mensabak, Chiapas, Mexico, embedded animal others in a subsistence strategy that maximized political and ecological flexibility. This flexibility allowed the Maya of Mensabak to determine the conditions under which they would allow or resist projects of political integration. I frame flexibility and political integration by uniting Niche Construction Theory with an analysis of Maya relational-ontology. In anthropology and ecology Niche Construction Theory recenters the role of mutualist behaviors between organisms as the primary driver of ecological stability or change. Some authors have taken this approach to recenter cultural practices as co-produced through reinforcing niche constructing behaviors in an assemblage of plants, animals, and human political organizations and institutions. From this framing, Postclassic Maya agriculture is a characterized by a combination of infields—which are generally more legible to centralized power—and outfields—mobile slash and burn plots. Historically, local Maya resistance to the colonial states favored outfields but their subsistence has always been a flexible hybrid. In this regard, the Late Postclassic Mensabak Maya's flexibility is a political strategy that keeps options for resistance available. The politics of flexibility also have an ideological component. Maya cosmology revolves around a relational-ontology, in which continuous interaction within a community of humans and non-humans produces personhood. In Maya cosmology, differential treatment of species is a material manifestation of ideological practices favoring flexibility. Here, zooarchaeological analysis of four contemporaneous habitation sites provided the bases for the discussion of local site-specific treatment of animals. I combine this zooarchaeological analysis with Niche Fidelity Analysis to reconstruct the ecological zones each site used. Through this analysis we can see that despite their local differences, all sites pursued a similar Niche Construction strategy that maximized ecological flexibility despite differences in site specific treatment of animals. Together, these two observations demonstrate the importance of relationships over species. It is not the particular plants or animals that are important to a political project, but the modes of relating between the plants, animals, and humans. And in the case of Mensabak these relations allowed Maya people to always have one foot out the proverbial door of the state.
Additional file 1 of Calibration procedure and biomechanical validation of an universal six degree-of-freedom robotic system for hip joint testing
Creators: name: Rychlik, Michal
name: Wendland, Georg
name: Jackowski, Michal
name: Rennert, Roland
name: Schaser, Klaus-Dieter
name: Nowotny, Joerg
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1. Delphi Transformation (screenshot).
Non-neutralized Electric Current Patterns in Solar Active Regions: Origin of the Shear-Generating Lorentz Force
Creators: name: Georgoulis, Manolis K.
name: Titov, Viacheslav S.
name: Mikic, Zoran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using solar vector magnetograms of the highest available spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio we perform a detailed study of electric current patterns in two solar active regions: a flaring/eruptive, and a flare-quiet one. We aim to determine whether active regions inject non-neutralized (net) electric currents in the solar atmosphere, responding to a debate initiated nearly two decades ago that remains inconclusive. We find that well-formed, intense magnetic polarity inversion lines (PILs) within active regions are the only photospheric magnetic structures that support significant net current. More intense PILs seem to imply stronger non-neutralized current patterns per polarity. This finding revises previous works that claim frequent injections of intense non-neutralized currents by most active regions appearing in the solar disk but also works that altogether rule out injection of non-neutralized currents. In agreement with previous studies, we also find that magnetically isolated active regions remain globally current-balanced. In addition, we confirm and quantify the preference of a given magnetic polarity to follow a given sense of electric currents, indicating a dominant sense of twist in active regions. This coherence effect is more pronounced in more compact active regions with stronger PILs and must be of sub-photospheric origin. Our results yield a natural explanation of the Lorentz force, invariably generating velocity and magnetic shear along strong PILs, thus setting a physical context for the observed pre-eruption evolution in solar active regions.
description: 41 pp, 9 Figures, ApJ, in press - Please notice that the resolution of some figures has been degraded due to size considerations
title: A Constituição de Angola de 2010 no contexto do constitucionalismo em África
Creators: name: Thomashausen, André
Publisher: name: Universidade Lusíada Editora
Year: 2011

description: Lusíada. Política internacional e segurança. - ISSN 1647-1342. - S. 1, n. 5 (2011). - p. 11-27.
Hysteresis Loops and Multi-stability: From Periodic Orbits to Chaotic Dynamics (and Back) in Diatomic Granular Crystals
Creators: name: Hoogeboom, C.
name: Man, Y.
name: Boechler, N.
name: Theocharis, G.
name: Kevrekidis, P. G.
name: Kevrekidis, I. G.
name: Daraio, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work we consider a diatomic granular crystal, consisting of alternating aluminum and steel spheres, where the first sphere is an aluminum one. The combination of dissipation, driving of the boundary, and intrinsic nonlinearity leads to complex dynamics. Specifically, we find that the interplay of nonlinear surface modes with modes created by the driver create the possibility, as the driving amplitude is increased, of limit cycle saddle-node bifurcations beyond which the dynamics of the system becomes chaotic. In this chaotic state, part of the applied energy can propagate through the chain. We also find that the chaotic branch depends weakly on the driving frequency and speculate a connection between the chaotic dynamics with the gap openings between the spheres. Finally, a reverse parametric continuation reveals hysteretic dynamics and the existence of an interval of multi-stability involving stable periodic solutions and genuinely chaotic ones. The computational identification and theoretical interpretation of the bifurcation diagram of the system is corroborated by direct experimental measurements showcasing all of the above features.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
NFDI4Memory. Consortium for the historically oriented humanities. Proposal for the National Research Data Infrastructure (NFDI)
Creators: name: Paulmann, Johannes
name: Wood, John Carter
name: Ceynowa, Klaus
name: Cremer, Fabian
name: Daniel, Silvia
name: Fähle, Daniel
name: Fichtl, Barbara
name: Haslinger, Peter
name: Hiltmann, Torsten
name: Hohls, Rüdiger
name: Lehmkuhl, Ursula
name: Lemaire, Marina
name: Maier, Gerald
name: Meiners, Ole
name: Minn, Gisela
name: Moeller, Katrin
name: Neuburger, Andreas
name: Prinz, Claudia
name: Razum, Matthias
name: Sack, Harald
name: Sauter, Johannes
name: Schäffler, Hildegard
name: Schlotheuber, Eva
name: Schmunk, Stefan
name: Stanzel, Arnost
name: Trischler, Helmuth
name: Wübbena, Thorsten
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Research Data Management, Research Infrastructure, NFDI, FAIR, Humanities, historical research, Digital History

description: Proposal for the consortium for the for the historically oriented humanities in the German national research data infrastructure (Nationale Forschungsdateninfrastruktur, “NFDI”). The application contains the scope and objectives, the composition and governance of the consotrium as well as the research data management strategy and the originally proposed work programme. NFDI4Memory aims to establish systematic, sustainable links between research, memory institutions and infrastructures; to integrate historical source criticism into data management; to build a network of the historically oriented research communities; to shape the knowledge order for the digital future of the past; to advance the analog / digital interface of historical source material and data; to generate standards for historical research data and sustainability; and to contribute to education and citizen participation.
Characterizing classical minimal surfaces via the entropy differential
Creators: name: Bernstein, Jacob
name: Mettler, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53A10, 70S10

description: We introduce on any smooth oriented minimal surface in Euclidean $3$-space a meromorphic quadratic differential, $P$, which we call the entropy differential. This differential arises naturally in a number of different contexts. Of particular interest is the realization of its real part as a conservation law for a natural geometric functional -- which is, essentially, the entropy of the Gauss curvature. We characterize several classical surfaces -- including Enneper's surface, the catenoid and the helicoid -- in terms of $P$. As an application, we prove a novel curvature estimate for embedded minimal surfaces with small entropy differential and an associated compactness theorem.
description: 27 pages. Revised version
Additional file 1 of Tolerability of concurrent external beam radiotherapy and [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 for node-positive prostate cancer in treatment naïve patients, phase I study (PROQURE-I trial)
Creators: name: van der Sar, Esmée C. A.
name: Braat, Arthur J. A. T.
name: van der Voort- van Zyp, Jochem R. N.
name: van der Veen, Betty S.
name: van Leeuwen, Pim J.
name: de Vries-Huizing, Daphne M. V.
name: Hendrikx, Jeroen M. A.
name: Lam, Marnix G. E. H.
name: Vogel, Wouter V.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Overview of study logistics.
Solenodon marcanoi
Creators: name: Hutterer, Rainer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Insectivora
Solenodontidae
Solenodon
Solenodon marcanoi

description: Solenodon marcanoi (Patterson, 1962). Breviora, 165:2. TYPE LOCALITY: Dominican Republic, San Rafael Prov., Hondo Valle Mun.; unnamed cave 2 km SW of Rancho La Guardia. DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality. STATUS: Extinct. COMMENTS: See comment under Solenodon.
description: Published as part of Rainer Hutterer, 1993, Order Insectivora, pp. 69-130 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 69, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353085
Supergravity dual of c-extremization
Creators: name: Karndumri, Parinya
name: Colgáin, Eoin Ó
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently a general principle, called c-extremization, which determines the exact R-symmetry of two-dimensional SCFTs with N = (0,2) supersymmetry was identified. In this note we show that the supergravity dual corresponds to the extremization of the T-tensor of N = 2 gauged supergravity in three-dimensions. To support this claim, we demonstrate that the expected central charge of SCFTs arising from twisted compactifications of four-dimensional N = 4 SYM on Riemann surfaces, whose gravity dual is a reduction of five-dimensional U(1)^3 gauged supergravity, is recovered in the three-dimensional framework.
description: 4 pages, v2, longer abstract, some factors corrected, typos corrected, v3 expanded introduction, published in PRD, v4 repeated summation in equation (23) removed and expression corrected
Association between childhood demographics and blood lead screening---Nevada Kindergarten Health Survey 2010
Creators: name: Zhang, Lina
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Year: 2011

description: Lead, as a toxic substance, invades the human body, and gradually damages the organs. Oftentimes, elevated blood lead levels are not recognized until serious health issues are found. In the United States, approximately 250,000 children aged 1-5 years have elevated blood lead levels greater than 10 micrograms of lead per deciliter of blood (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2004).
However, there is no effective treatment for lead poisoning. Chelation can merely decrease the blood lead levels but cannot reverse the existing damage. To prevent and control childhood lead poisoning, many studies have been conducted to investigate the sources of lead and analyze effective prevention strategies. Blood lead screening tests, as preventive methods for childhood lead poisoning, have been implemented by several states for years. However, some still question the effectiveness of blood lead screening tests, and the cost of these tests creates another barrier. These factors largely hinder the progress of eliminating childhood lead poisoning. To institute blood lead screening tests among different populations, some crucial factors must be considered, such as the children's demographic information and the barriers of accessing health care.
The data used in this study was provided by the Nevada Kindergarten Health Survey conducted in 2010. This study aims to analyze the association between the likelihood of obtaining blood lead screening tests and childhood demographic characteristics, namely annual household income, race/ethnicity, home zip code, and barriers to accessing to healthcare. The study results signal the barriers for children's blood lead screening tests and provide recommendations for public health professionals and policy makers to implement effective preventive methods for childhood lead poisoning.
Impact of Obstructive Sleep Apnea on Orthognathic Surgery Perioperative Outcomes
Creators: name: Degenhardt, Stephen
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Hypothesis and Objective: The aim of the study was to examine the association between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and (orthognathic surgery) OS outcomes. The null hypothesis is the presence of OSA is not associated with length of hospital stay (LOS) after OS. . Methods: Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS), a stratified sample of all hospitalizations in the USA, was used select cases based on ICD-9-CM diagnosis and procedure codes. We identified procedures, patient characteristics, and patient outcomes of all subjects with maxillary and/or mandibular hypoplasia undergoing OS from 2006-2014. A profile of OS patients was created, and a multivariable linear regression model, adjusting for patient and hospital-level confounders, was used to identify risk factors associated with an increased patient LOS. Results: Patient characteristics were consistent with the literature, indicating a predilection for the following characteristics: white, mid-20s, female, maxillary retrognathia, and private insurance coverage. 6.7% of the patients were diagnosed with OSA; patients with OSA were more likely to present with bimaxillary hypoplasia and increased age. While 98.6% of patients were discharged routinely, 20 patients died pre-discharge and 2.5% had complications during the hospital stay. The most common complications were general infection followed by bacterial infection and pneumonia. The linear regression modelidentified the following risk factors associated with an increased LOS: elective surgery (ß=0.5629;p<0.0001), OSA presence (ß=0.4603;p<0.0001), increased comorbidities (ß=0.1434;p<0.0001), Medicaid coverage (ß=0.1542;p<0.0001), and increased osteotomies (ß=0.0715;p<0.0001). The presence of OSA increased LOS by 3.2 days on average. The presence of maxillary hypoplasia, the most common skeletal characteristic, reduced patient LOS (ß=-0.1478;p<0.0001). Conclusions: OSA, which is effectively treated by OS, is associated with a significantly increased LOS. Two of the three most commonly identified comorbidities, hypertension and obesity, are associated with OSA. Our patient profile was consistent with recent studies. Funding: None IRB and/or ACC Protocol #: Exempt
Universal gates for transforming multipartite entangled Dicke states
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Toshiki
name: Ikuta, Rikizo
name: Ozdemir, Sahin Kaya
name: Tame, Mark
name: Yamamoto, Takashi
name: Koashi, Masato
name: Imoto, Nobuyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the minimal number of qubits that it is necessary to have access to in order to transform Dicke states into other Dicke states. In general, the number of qubits in Dicke states cannot be increased via transformation gates by accessing only a single qubit, in direct contrast to other multipartite entangled states such as GHZ, W and cluster states. We construct a universal optimal gate which adds spin-up qubits or spin-down qubits to any Dicke state by minimal access. We also show the existence of a universal gate which transforms any size of Dicke state as long as it has access to at least the required number of qubits. Our results have important consequences for the generation of Dicke states in physical systems such as ion traps, all-optical setups and cavity-QED settings where they can be used for a variety of quantum information processing tasks.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
A diffusion tensor imaging software comparison and between control subjects and subjects with known anatomical diagnosis
Creators: name: Moore, Michael C.
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Year: 2011

description: Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) is a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method that produces in vivo images of biological tissues weighted with the local micro-structural characteristics of water diffusion. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), a form of DWI, is useful when a tissue, such as the neural axons of white matter in the brain, has an internal fibrous structure that allows water to diffuse more rapidly in alignment with the fibers. Changes in the water diffusion pattern indicate changes in the fiber structure which can result from damage to the fibers. Measurements of the water diffusion patterns include overall diffusivity, Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC), and the linear component of the ADC known as the Fractional Anisotropy (FA). The purpose of this study is three fold: (1) to evaluate the reproducibility of ADC and FA values obtained from the same dataset between two Diffusion Tensor Imaging analysis software packages (Analyze 10.0 and Philips PRIDE), (2) to use the results of the Analyze 10.0 software analysis to characterize the corpus callosum (CC) and anatomical regions of the CC from a dataset of control subjects with no known anatomical abnormalities obtained via 3.0 Tesla (3T) MRI, and (3) to identify and characterize patterns present in ADC and FA values of subjects with known anatomical abnormalities by comparing the results to the control datasets. In this DTI software analysis study, Analyze 10.0 produced significantly different results for mean ADC and mean FA when compared to the PRIDE software package. Pearson correlation values show that Analyze 10.0 provides reliably similar mean ADC and mean FA values. Regardless of the software package, gender and age of the subjects did not provide significantly different values for mean ADC and mean FA. Using results from Analyze 10.0 on the control group, provides a baseline of comparison for subjects with CO, MS, or TBI diagnosis. Comparisons of seven anatomical and physiological regions of the CC between control and non-control subjects show that medial regions of the CC (AMB, PMB, Isthmus 1 and Isthmus 2) are most likely to show significant differences in mean ADC and FA; while the genu and splenium regions are less likely to show significant differences.
title: Fairness in the Digital Markets Act
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Linus J.
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: :Digital Markets Act
subject: platform economy
subject: fairness
subject: equity
subject: distribution
subject: legal standard

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2023 8(1), 17-23
description: European Forum Highlight of 12 April 2023
description: This Highlight proposes an interpretation of the notion of “fairness” in the context of the EU Digital Markets Act (DMA), and explores whether it could become an evaluative principle for gatekeeper compliance with Articles 5 and 6 of the Act. There are good reasons to believe that fairness refers to equity, i.e. a distribution of legal entitlements that takes into account individual characteristics of the subjects. Gatekeepers have different obligations compared to non-gatekeepers. By imposing that discrimination, the legislator aims for a different allocation of economic rents and opportunities in the platform economy. But apart from the DMA’s vague reference to a “significant disequilibrium in rights and obligations” in certain relationships with platforms, there is no concrete understanding of a fair or equitable distribution. Fairness, as presented in the DMA, is inherently indeterminate. It is not a legal standard, but a “gut feeling”. This is not necessarily a bad thing. The fairness language simply confers power from economists to lawyers in competition agencies and courts, who will be required to find an elusive “disequilibrium in rights and obligations”. Fairness leaves a certain margin of appreciation to any enforcer responsible for deciding the scope of gatekeeper obligations.
The GREGOR Fabry-Pérot Interferometer
Creators: name: Puschmann, K. G.
name: Denker, C.
name: Kneer, F.
name: Erdogan, N. Al
name: Balthasar, H.
name: Bauer, S. M.
name: Beck, C.
name: González, N. Bello
name: Collados, M.
name: Hahn, T.
name: Hirzberger, J.
name: Hofmann, A.
name: Louis, R. E.
name: Nicklas, H.
name: Okunev, O.
name: Pillet, V. Martínez
name: Popow, E.
name: Seelemann, T.
name: Volkmer, R.
name: Wittmann, A. D.
name: Woche, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The GREGOR Fabry-Pérot Interferometer (GFPI) is one of three first-light instruments of the German 1.5-meter GREGOR solar telescope at the Observatorio del Teide, Tenerife, Spain. The GFPI uses two tunable etalons in collimated mounting. Thanks to its large-format, high-cadence CCD detectors with sophisticated computer hard- and software it is capable of scanning spectral lines with a cadence that is sufficient to capture the dynamic evolution of the solar atmosphere. The field-of-view (FOV) of 50" x 38" is well suited for quiet Sun and sunspot observations. However, in the vector spectropolarimetric mode the FOV reduces to 25" x 38". The spectral coverage in the spectroscopic mode extends from 530-860 nm with a theoretical spectral resolution R of about 250,000, whereas in the vector spectropolarimetric mode the wavelength range is at present limited to 580-660 nm. The combination of fast narrow-band imaging and post-factum image restoration has the potential for discovery science concerning the dynamic Sun and its magnetic field at spatial scales down to about 50 km on the solar surface.
description: 14 pages, 17 figures, 4 tables; pre-print of AN 333, p.880-893, 2012 (AN special issue to GREGOR)
Anisotropy of the gap parameter in the hole-doped cuprates
Creators: name: Szczesniak, R.
name: Durajski, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structure of the gap parameter ($Δ_{k}$) for the hole-doped cuprates has been studied. The obtained results indicate that the antinodal part of $Δ_{k}$ is very weakly temperature dependent and above the critical temperature ($T_{C}$), it extends into the anomalous normal state to the pseudogap temperature. On the other hand, the values of $Δ_{k}$, which are close to the nodal part, are strongly temperature dependent. The model has been tested for the ${\rm YBa_{2}Cu_{3}O_{7-δ}}$ superconductor. It has been shown that the theoretical results agree with the experimental data.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Compact Closed Bicategories
Creators: name: Stay, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18D05

description: A compact closed bicategory is a symmetric monoidal bicategory where every object is equipped with a weak dual. The unit and counit satisfy the usual "zig-zag" identities of a compact closed category only up to natural isomorphism, and the isomorphism is subject to a coherence law. We give several examples of compact closed bicategories, then review previous work. In particular, Day and Street defined compact closed bicategories indirectly via Gray monoids and then appealed to a coherence theorem to extend the concept to bicategories; we restate the definition directly. We prove that given a 2-category T with finite products and weak pullbacks, the bicategory of objects of C, spans, and isomorphism classes of maps of spans is compact closed. As corollaries, the bicategory of spans of sets and certain bicategories of "resistor networks" are compact closed.
description: Fixed typo, published to TAC
title: Méta-analyse : les bases méthodologiques – Partie I
Creators: name: Ludwig-Serge Aho-Glélé
Publisher: name: Health & Co
Year: 2020

description: Une méta-analyse (MA) est une synthèse, quantitative, des résultats de l’ensemble des essais1 étudiant une question similaire. Elle permet souvent d’aboutir à des conclusions, alors que les résultats des études qui sont incluses dans cette MA peuvent ne pas être concluants, par manque de puissance. Une revue systématique de la littérature (systematic review) correspond à une recherche exhaustive de la littérature, associée à une analyse systématique de la qualité des études répondant à une question donnée. Mais elle ne comporte pas de synthèse quantitative comme une MA. La revue systématique est une étape préalable à la réalisation de MA.
title: Judging Sodom: gay identity in Bowers, Romer & Lawrence
Creators: name: Steele, Logan
Publisher: name: Western Washington University
Year: 2014

description:
This paper presents a novel method for understanding how the Supreme Court constructs identities. Applying Michel Foucault’s concept of governmentality to pivotal Supreme Court decisions which solidified gay identity were analyzed using Bowers v. Hardwick, Romer v. Evans, and Lawrence v. Texas. The results of this investigation show that the Court’s construction of gay identity changed with each case, sculpted by what they perceived at the time as most productive for American society. The work presented here has profound implications for the future study of the Supreme Court and contributes to our understanding of the workings of institutions in the modern world.
Estudo da Remoção de Sulfato em Biorreator Operado em Bateladas e Bateladas Alimentadas Sequenciais Contendo Biomassa Imobilizada com Agitação Mecânica e Draft-Tube
Creators: name: Fritz Friedl, Gregor
name: Mockaitis, Gustavo
name: Ratusznei, Suzana Maria
name: Domingues Rodrigues, José Alberto
name: Zaiat, Marcelo
name: Foresti, Eugenio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 400410
subject: Wastewater treatment processes
classificationCode: 401106
subject: Waste management, reduction, reuse and recycling

description: O potencial tóxico de sulfato nos efluentes de diversas atividades indústrias leva a necessidade de tratamento dessas águas residuárias. Tratamentos convencionais como osmose reversa ou precipitação através de sulfeto ou carbonato de bário têm alto custo e produzem lixo químico. Os avanços no desenvolvimento de reatores anaeróbios nas últimas duas décadas tornaram a remoção de sulfato através de biorreatores uma alternativa tecnicamente e economicamente viável. Estudos nos últimos anos elucidaram aspectos importantes da degradação do sulfato como a competição entre arqueias metanogênicas e bactérias redutoras de sulfato (BRS) na utilização de substrato e os parâmetros que influenciam esta competição. O reator utilizado nesse trabalho, o reator ASBBR com biomassa imobilizada em espuma de poliuretano, mostrou em estudos anteriores flexibilidade e estabilidade operacional para garantir a qualidade desejada do efluente e um bom desempenho tanto na redução de sulfato quanto na remoção de matéria orgânica. Para melhor entendimento da cinética da remoção de sulfato e do comportamento do reator em aferentes configurações operacionais este trabalho propõe o estudo do ASBBR em distintas relações entre a carga orgânica e a concentração de sulfato e operando em diferentes estratégias de operação (batelada / batelada alimentada) e com agitação mecânica utilizando um "draft-tube".
A brief content analysis of attachment and sexual relationships in sex therapy and research journals
Creators: name: Devis, Kathryn Zambrano
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Year: 2011

description: A surge of scholarly publications on attachment within couple relationships prompted this content analysis of attachment articles published in six sex therapy and sex research journals. This study investigates the extent to which these journals attend to attachment in the context of adult sexual relationships. The researcher found 2257 articles published within these journals; 64 of which attend to attachment and 9 of which attend to attachment and sex. Implications for couples therapy in the field of sex therapy and future directions are discussed.
Personen der Geschichte, Geschichte der Personen. Studien zur Kreuzzugs-, Sozial- und Bildungsgeschichte. Festschrift für Rainer Christoph Schwinges zum 60. Geburtstag, hg. von C. Hesse, B. Immenhauser, B. Studer, 2003
Creators: name: Brüning, R.
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2018

description: -
description: Francia, Bd. 33, Nr. 2 (2006)
Optical properties of the iron-pnictide analog BaMn2As2
Creators: name: Antal, A.
name: Knoblauch, T.
name: Singh, Y.
name: Gegenwart, P.
name: Wu, D.
name: Dressel, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the infrared and Raman optical properties of BaMn2As2 in the ab-plane and along the c-axis. The most prominent features in the infrared spectra are the Eu and A2u phonon modes which show clear TO-LO splitting from the energy loss function analysis. All the phonon features we observed in infrared and Raman spectra are consistent with the calculated values. Compared to the iron-pnictide analog AFe2As2, this compound is much more two-dimensional in its electronic properties. For E || c-axis, the overall infrared reflectivity is insulating like. Within the ab-plane the material exhibits a semiconducting behavior. An energy gap 2Δ=48 meV can be clearly identified below room temperature.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures
Dyads Learning in Movement Tracking
Creators: name: Gendy, Adriano
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Human-human interaction has been a subject of great interest in the last years. The focus has been posed on the responses that these types of interactions bring in the term of motor behavior. Moreover, the studies on interpersonal communication are aiming to find new paradigms to exploit the signals that are interchanged between humans for the purpose of enhancing rehabilitative outcomes. In the first part of this thesis we will present the motivation behind this study, how our device is inserted in the state of the art and the future aims that this specific field wants to achieve. Considering the latter, an a very brief overview of rehabilitation is presented to better understand how the connection of humans to a robot and the connection between humans through a robot can change the way of doing rehabilitation in the clinical environment. Finally, some related works are presented. We aim to verify the work of Ganesh et al (2018) using our experimental system. In the second part, the implementation and the design of our new device called Pantograph is presented with a detailed explanation of the techniques used, the design specifications, the structure of the data acquisition system, the functioning of the data analysis software and the protocol followed for this pilot study. In the third part, the results obtained in this pilot study and how the robot behaves in an actual experiment will be presented. Finally, the results obtained will be discussed. Since the device is a result of this study, in this part also the limits and the possible improvements that can be applied to the device are suggested for future works. This study represents a first step used to demonstrate the functioning of the device, the development of a first paradigm for future studies on human-human interaction by using this device and another proof that interpersonal interactions can be deployed in the clinical environment.
Bacterial adherence of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus on poly-methyl methacrylate and thermoplastic polypropene used in orthodontic retention
Creators: name: Pfepper, Lindsay Ann
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Year: 2011

description: Retention is required in the majority of orthodontic patients throughout the remainder of their life. The two primary removable appliances are known as the traditional Hawley retainer or the vacuum formed retainer. These appliances were developed to maintain the position of the dentition without sacrificing oral health. The orthodontic population is at a higher risk for caries due to plaque accumulation from poor diet, suboptimal oral hygiene and often lack of motivation. These two retainers occupy different niches and are comprised of different materials; therefore the retainers' effect on oral health could be very different. An understanding of which bacteria and to what extent the bacteria adhere to these two retention appliance materials could ultimately provide clinicians with another factor to consider when choosing a specific retainer.
Two common caries bacteria, Streptococcus mutans and  Lactobacillus acidophilus , were chosen to study their adherence properties on two common retention materials; polymethyl methacrylate in the traditional Hawley retainer and a thermoplastic polymer made of polypropene in the vacuum formed retainer. Bacterial adhesion tests on both materials were run either with or without prior coating in saliva and the number of adhered bacteria was determined by both directly counting colony-forming units of bacteria swabbed from the materials and by inference from total metabolic activity of the adhered bacteria as determined by incubation with the tetrazolium dye,sodium2,3,-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-[(phenylamino)-carbonyl]-2H-tetrazolium inner salt)(XTT) reagent.
Culture analysis from adhesion testing determined through colony forming units, showed an increased adherence of both bacteria to polymethyl methacrylate compared to Polypropene. This was reflected in a 3-fold increase for  Lactobacillus acidophilus and 7-fold increase for Streptococcus mutans on the polymethyl methacrylate. Bacterial adhesion testing performed using the metabolic XTT proliferation assay also demonstrated increased adhesion on polymethyl methacrylate. Bacterial adhesion to polypropene was decreased by 30% for Lactobacillus acidophilus and 27% for  Streptococcus mutans compared to polymethyl methacrylate. XTT assay also indicated that prior coating of materials to saliva had little effect on the extent of bacterial adhesion.
In conclusion, bacterial adherence is increased for polymethyl methacrylate when compared to polypropene, regardless of the assay technique used to determine the number of adhered bacteria. Further research needs to be conducted to determine if increased adherence to polymethyl methacrylate is significant enough to influence choices for orthodontic retention.
On the Origin of Elementary Particle Masses
Creators: name: Hansson, Johan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The oldest enigma in fundamental particle physics is: Where do the observed masses of elementary particles come from? Inspired by observation of the empirical particle mass spectrum we propose that the masses of elementary particles arise solely due to the self-interaction of the fields associated with a particle. We thus assume that the mass is proportional to the strength of the interaction of the field with itself. A simple application of this idea to the fermions is seen to yield a mass for the neutrino in line with constraints from direct experimental upper limits and correct order of magnitude predictions of mass separations between neutrinos, charged leptons and quarks. The neutrino interacts only through the weak force, hence becomes light. The electron interacts also via electromagnetism and accordingly becomes heavier. The quarks also have strong interactions and become heavy. The photon is the only fundamental particle to remain massless, as it is chargeless. Gluons gain mass comparable to quarks, or slightly larger due to a somewhat larger color charge. Including particles outside the standard model proper, gravitons are not exactly massless, but very light due to their very weak self-interaction. Some immediate and physically interesting consequences arise: i) Gluons have an effective range $\sim 1$fm, physically explaining why QCD has finite reach ii) Gravity has an effective range $\sim 100$ Mpc coinciding with the largest known structures; the cosmic voids iii) Gravitational waves undergo dispersion even in vacuum, and have all five polarizations (not just the two of $m=0$), which might explain why they have not yet been detected.
description: 7 pages