cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Robust Output Tracking for a Room Temperature Model with Distributed Control and Observation
Creators: name: Huhtala, Konsta
name: Paunonen, Lassi
name: Hu, Weiwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 93C05, 93B52, 35K40

description: We consider robust output regulation of a partial differential equation model describing temperature evolution in a room. More precisely, we examine a two-dimensional room model with the velocity field and temperature evolution governed by the incompressible steady state Navier-Stokes and advection-diffusion equations, respectively, which coupled together form a simplification of the Boussinesq equations. We assume that the control and observation operators of our system are distributed, whereas the disturbance acts on a part of the boundary of the system. We solve the robust output regulation problem using a finite-dimensional low-order controller, which is constructed using model reduction on a finite element approximation of the model. Through numerical simulations, we compare performance of the reduced-order controller to that of the controller without model reduction as well as to performance of a low-gain robust controller.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in the Proceedings of the 24th International Symposium on Mathematical Theory of Networks and Systems, 23-27 August, 2021
Optical Spectroscopy of Blazars for the Cherenkov Telescope Array -- II
Creators: name: Kasai, E.
name: Goldoni, P.
name: Pita, S.
name: Williams, D. A.
name: Max-Moerbeck, W.
name: Hervet, O.
name: Cotter, G.
name: Backes, M.
name: Boisson, C.
name: González, J. Becerra
name: de Almeida, U. Barres
name: D'Ammando, F.
name: Ramazani, V. Fallah
name: Lindfors, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Active galactic nuclei (AGNs) make up about 35 per cent of the more than 250 sources detected in very-high-energy (VHE) gamma rays to date with Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes. Apart from four nearby radio galaxies and two AGNs of unknown type, all known VHE AGNs are blazars. Knowledge of the cosmological redshift of gamma-ray blazars is key to enabling the study of their intrinsic emission properties, as the interaction between gamma rays and the extragalactic background light (EBL) results in a spectral softening. Therefore, the redshift determination exercise is crucial to indirectly placing tight constraints on the EBL density and to studying blazar population evolution across cosmic time. Due to the powerful relativistic jets in blazars, most of their host galaxies' spectral features are outshined, and dedicated high signal-to-noise spectroscopic observations are required. Deep medium- to high-resolution spectroscopy of 33 gamma-ray blazar optical counterparts was performed with the European Southern Observatory New Technology Telescope, Keck II telescope, Shane 3-meter telescope and the Southern African Large Telescope. From the sample, spectra from 25 objects display spectral features or are featureless and have high signal-to-noise. The other eight objects have low quality featureless spectra. We systematically searched for absorption and emission features and estimated, when possible, the fractional host galaxy flux in the measured total flux. Our measurements yielded 14 firm spectroscopic redshifts, ranging from 0.0838 to 0.8125, one tentative redshift, and two lower limits: one at z > 0.382 and the other at z > 0.629.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures This article has been accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac3167) Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society
Ferroelectric properties of charge-ordered alpha-(BEDT-TTF)2I3
Creators: name: Lunkenheimer, P.
name: Hartmann, B.
name: Lang, M.
name: Müller, J.
name: Schweitzer, D.
name: Krohns, S.
name: Loidl, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A detailed investigation of the out-of-plane electrical properties of charge-ordered alpha-(BEDT-TTF)2I3 provides clear evidence for ferroelectricity. Similar to multiferroic alpha-(BEDT-TTF)2Cu[N(CN)2]Cl, the polar order in this material is ascribed to the occurrence of bond- and site-centered charge order. Dielectric response typical for relaxor ferroelectricity is found deep in the charge-ordered state. We suggest an explanation in terms of the existence of polar and nonpolar stacks of the organic molecules in this material, preventing long-range ferroelectricity. The results are discussed in relation to the formation or absence of electronic polar order in related charge-transfer salts.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures. Revised version as accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
CESSDA Data Catalogue - DDI Codebook Profile
Creators: name: Bell, Darren
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: DDI Profiles
DDI2.5
DDI1.1.2
CESSDA Metadata Office (MDO)
CESSDA Data Catalogue (CDC)
CESSDA Metadata Validator (CMV)
Metadata Quality
XML
Schema Validation

description: DDI Profiles are formal, machine-actionable XML documents that specify additional constraints on the content of a DDI XML document, over and above those specified by the document's associated XSD schema. These DDI profiles are intended to be used in the context of validating DDI2.5 and DDI1.2.2 documents that are being submitted to CESSDA Data Catalogue from participating Service Providers. Firstly, the Profiles provide human-readable guidance for metadata professionals e.g. whether an element is optional, recommended or mandatory. Secondly, they support machine-actionable validation by the CESSDA Metadata Validator, an online and command-line based set of tools, whose primary goal is to improve metadata quality so that resulting aggregations of such metadata in the CESSDA Data Catalogue have improved utility for the research community.
Magic beans - A school nutrition book for children
Creators: name: Munthali, Bertha Mkandawire
name: Kiage, Beatrice
name: Stewart, Derek
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Nutriton
Health
Children
Iron
Food
Education

description: FANRPAN and four other institutions (Hutton Institute, University of Nairobi, University of Birmingham, and KALRO Food Crops Research Institute Kenya) submitted a proposal for funding to BBSRC on collaboration research titled “ZIRON Pulse: Upscaling adoption and exploitation of a wide diversity of Iron and Zinc-rich beans by rural populations in Africa (BB/T008865/1)”. The research started in July 2020 and has run until February 2023. The main objectives of the research were to obtain new knowledge related to micronutrient-fortified bean innovations and provide essential underpinning science that contributes to global food and nutritional security, economic development and growth through the development of health-promoting common bean varieties with proven nutritional efficacy. FANRPAN work package focused on coming up with strategies of enhancing adoption and utilization of the ZIRON pulse by developing a tool kit package for mobilization, sensitization, educating commercialization and engagement of various stakeholders and players in the whole bean value chains. As part of the engagement strategy and activities, it was identified that early engagement with, and education for, childern around food and nutrition was crucial to ensure that the knowledge around food and nutrition was embedded early. For Ziron Pulse one route was to develop a comic entittled Magic Beans, that described the relationship between nutritional deficiences food and health.
description: ZIRON Pulse: Upscaling adoption and exploitation of a wide diversity of Iron and Zinc-rich beans by rural populations in Africa. BB/T008865/1. Funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, https://gtr.ukri.org/project/ED7C28C1-5476-422D-9979-26F3A32EB495
The spectral picture of Bergman Toeplitz operators with harmonic polynomial symbols
Creators: name: Guo, Kunyu
name: Zhao, Xianfeng
name: Zheng, Dechao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47B35, 47B38

description: In this paper, it is shown that some new phenomenon related to the spectra of Toeplitz operators with bounded harmonic symbols on the Bergman space. On the one hand, we prove that the spectrum of the Toeplitz operator with symbol ${\bar{z}+p}$ is always connected for every polynomial $p$ with degree less than $3$. On the other hand, we show that for each integer $k$ greater than $2$, there exists a polynomial $p$ of degree $k$ such that the spectrum of the Toeplitz operator with symbol ${\bar{z}+p}$ has at least one isolated point but has at most finitely many isolated points. Then these results are applied to obtain a new class of non-hyponormal Toeplitz operators with bounded harmonic symbols on the Bergman space for which Weyl's theorem holds.
description: 21 pages
Penetrating a granular medium by successive impacts
Creators: name: Seguin, Antoine
name: Bertho, Yann
name: Texier, Baptiste Darbois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the penetration dynamics of a vertical cylinder into a dry granular medium subjected to successive impacts. The depth of the impactor below the free surface $z_N$ first evolves linearly with the impact number $N$ and then follows a power-law evolution $z_N \propto N^{1/3}$. The depth reached by the cylinder after a given number of impacts is observed to increase with the impact energy but to decrease with its diameter and the density of the granular medium. We develop a model that accounts for the quasi-static and inertial granular forces applying on the cylinder to rationalize our observations. This approach reveals the existence of two intrusion regimes for large and small impact numbers, allowing all data to be rescaled on a master curve. Then, we extend the study to the effect of sidewalls on the dynamics of the impactor. We show that lateral confinement changes the dependence of the impactor depth on the impact number $z_N (N)$. This effect is accounted for by considering the increase of the granular drag with the lateral confinement.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
The search of Cryptosporidium in school pupils in Warri, Delta State Nigeria
Creators: name: Ifeoma Enweani
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A survey of Cryptosporidiosis and other intestinal parasites of man were conductedamong 200 pupils in Warri, Delta State. The survey comprised 122 males and 88 females.Gastrointestinal parasites were recorded from the faecal samples of 75 (37.5%) pupilsmade up of 44 (39.3%) and 31 (35.2%) females. Four gastrointestinal parasites namelyAscaris lumbricoides 52 (63.5%), hookworm 45(60.0%), Entamoeba coli 36 (48.0%) andEntamoeba histolytic 15 (20.0%) were recorded. Cryptosporidium was not encountered.Polyparasitism involving helminth/helminth, protozoan/helminth andprotozoan/protozoan was observed. Helinth/ helminth plyparasitism had the highestprevalence of 31 (35.2%). Parasitism varied with sex and age of host. Males 44 (39.3%)showed higher prevalence than female 31 (35.2%) pupils.
Modelling the magnetic structure of a large-scale horse-shoe-like filament in a decaying and diffuse active region
Creators: name: Kang, Kaifeng
name: Guo, Yang
name: Roussev, Ilia I.
name: Keppens, Rony
name: Lin, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A large-scale, horse-shoe-like filament was investigated and the magnetic field around it was reconstructed. This is an intermediate filament (IF) that appeared on the solar disk for the first time at 02:00 UT on 2015 November 7, and took 8 days to move to the central median on the solar disk. The active region AR 12452 around which the filament occurred was diffuse so that the magnetic field nearby was weak, the average field strength is 106 G. Therefore, the existing approaches to extrapolating the coronal magnetic field and to constructing the filament configuration in the region with strong background field do not work well here. On the basis of the regularized Biot-Savart laws method, we successfully constructed a data-constrained, non-linear force-free field configuration for this IF observed on 2015 November 14. The overall IF configuration obtained in this way matches well the morphology suggested by a 304~Å\ image taken by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly on board Solar Dynamics Observatory. Magnetic dips in the configuration were coincident in space with the H$α$ features of the filament, which is lower in altitude than the features seen in 304~Å. This suggests that the cold plasma fills the lower part of the filament, and hot plasma is situated in the higher region. A quasi-separatrix layer wraps the filament, and both the magnetic field and the electric current are stronger near the inner edge of the filament.
description: 17 pages,14 figures,1 table
Discusión del artículo: "Antibiotic resistance genes from livestock waste: occurrence, dissemination, and treatment"
Creators: name: Miranda-Valdés, Javier Rubén
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Antibióticos
resistencia
ganadería
piscicultura
ARGs

description: RESUMEN
La resistencia a antibióticos es un problema creciente de importancia mundial, las predicciones señalan que para 2050 morirán diez millones de personas anualmente por enfermedades asociadas a bacterias multirresistentes a antibióticos; en contraste, actualmente son 700,000 [1, 2]. La actividad ganadera y piscícola constituyen una de las principales causas a la expansión de dichas resistencias a antibióticos debido al gran uso de antibióticos que emplean, más aún, la mayoría de ellos no son usados con fines terapéuticos y sorprendentemente las publicaciones científicas que se centran en esto representan apenas el 10% en el área [3].
Con base en el análisis comparativo entre distintos estudios, se ha encontrado una mayor abundancia de genes de resistencia a antibióticos (ARGs, por sus siglas en inglés) en aguas con residuos ganaderos respecto a los hospitalarios o municipales. Destacan especialmente los residuos porcinos y avícolas. Algunas granjas ya cuentan con plantas de tratamiento que generalmente se basan en lagunas de estabilización y biodigestores; no obstante, todavía existen varias que operan en la ilegalidad y vierten sus residuos sin tratamiento alguno. Esto constituye una de las vías por las que pueden llegar los ARGs al humano [3, 4].
Es necesario realizar investigaciones interdisciplinarias para determinar estrategias y regulaciones para reducir los riesgos asociados a los residuos ganaderos. Los enfoques pilares son: reducir la proliferación a nivel de granja, mitigar la descarga de ARGs contenidos en las heces, y atenuar la exposición humana a estos contaminantes.
A row generation method for inverse continuous facility location problem
Creators: name: Fathali, Jafar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 90B85

description: In a single facility location problem, a set of points is given and the goal is finding the optimal location of new facility respect to given criteria such as minimizing time, cost and distances between the clients and facilities. On the other side, the inverse models try to modify the parameters of the problem with the minimum cost such that a given point becomes optimal. In this paper, we introduce a novel algorithm for the general case of the inverse single facility location problem with variable weights in the plane. The convergence and optimality conditions of the algorithm are presented. Then in the special cases, the inverse minisum and minimax single facility location problems are considered and the algorithm tested on some instances. The results indicate the efficiency of the algorithm on these instances.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures, 7 tables
Fannie Mae's National Housing Survey Monthly Home Purchase Sentiment Index (HPSI) and Key Indicators - August, 2018 (a subset of the complete monthly Fannie Mae National Housing Survey)
Creators: name: Foundation, Fannie Mae
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Economy on right/wrong track (1); personal financial situation (1); good/bad time to buy a house (1); good/bad time to sell a house (1); home price changes (3); rental price changes (3); mortgage interest rate changes (1); ability to obtain a home mortgage today (1); current homeownership status (1); renting vs. buying a home in the future (1); concern about unemployment (1); change in income (1).
Supplementary document for Universal mask for hard X rays - 6492298.pdf
Creators: name: Ceddia, David
name: Aminzadeh, Alaleh
name: Cook, Philip
name: Pelliccia, Daniele
name: Kingston, Andrew
name: Paganin, David
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Optical Physics not elsewhere classified

description: TeX archive for the revised Supplemental Material document
Distribution of peak heights modulo $k$ and double descents on $k$-Dyck paths
Creators: name: Burstein, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A15 (Primary) 05A19, 05A05 (Secondary)

description: We show that the distribution of the number of peaks at height $i$ modulo $k$ in $k$-Dyck paths of a given length is independent of $i\in[0,k-1]$ and is the reversal of the distribution of the total number of peaks. Moreover, these statistics, together with the number of double descents, are jointly equidistributed with any of their permutations. We also generalize this result to generalized Motzkin paths and generalized ballot paths.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Proton transfer at subkelvin temperatures
Creators: name: Tiefenthaler, Lukas
name: Kollotzek, Siegfried
name: Ellis, Andrew M.
name: Scheier, Paul
name: Echt, Olof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a novel method to ionize molecules or molecular clusters by proton transfer at temperatures below 1 K. The method yields nascent ions and largely eliminates secondary reactions, even for notoriously "delicate" molecules. Protonation is achieved inside liquid helium nanodroplets (HNDs) and begins with the formation of (H$_{2}$)$_{m}$H$^{+}$ ions as the proton donors. In a separate and subsequent step the HNDs are doped with a proton acceptor molecule, X. Proton transfer occurs between X and the cold proton donor ions inside a helium droplet, an approach that avoids the large excess energy that is released if HNDs are first doped and then ionized. Mass spectra, recorded after stripping excess helium and hydrogen in a collision cell, show that this method offers a new way to determine proton affinities of molecules and clusters by proton-transfer bracketing, to investigate astrochemically relevant ion-molecule reactions at sub-kelvin temperatures, and to prepare XH$^{+}$ ions that are suitable for messenger-tagging action spectroscopy.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, electronic supplementary information
Perfect Intrinsic Squeezing at the Superradiant Phase Transition Critical Point
Creators: name: Hayashida, Kenji
name: Makihara, Takuma
name: Peraca, Nicolas Marquez
name: Padilla, Diego Fallas
name: Pu, Han
name: Kono, Junichiro
name: Bamba, Motoaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ground state of the photon-matter coupled system described by the Dicke model is found to be perfectly squeezed at the quantum critical point of the superradiant phase transition (SRPT). In the presence of the counter-rotating photon-atom coupling, the ground state is analytically expressed as a two-mode squeezed vacuum in the basis of photons and atomic collective excitations. The variance of a quantum fluctuation in the two-mode basis vanishes at the SRPT critical point, with its conjugate fluctuation diverging, ideally satisfying the Heisenberg uncertainty principle.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
Phase diagrams of lattice models on Cayley tree and chandelier network: a review
Creators: name: Akın, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The main purpose of this review paper is to give systematically all the known results on phase diagrams corresponding to lattice models (Ising and Potts) on Cayley tree (or Bethe lattice) and chandelier networks. A detailed survey of various modelling applications of lattice models is reported. By using Vannimenus's approach, the recursive equations of Ising and Potts models associated to a given Hamiltonian on the Cayley tree are presented and analyzed. The corresponding phase diagrams with programming codes in different programming languages are plotted. To detect the phase transitions in the modulated phase, we investigate in detail the actual variation of the wave-vector $q$ with temperature and the Lyapunov exponent associated with the trajectory of our current recursive system. We determine the transition between commensurate ($C$) and incommensurate ($I$) phases by means of the Lyapunov exponents, wave-vector, and strange attractor for a comprehensive comparison. We survey the dynamical behavior of the Ising model on the chandelier network. We examine the phase diagrams of the Ising model corresponding to a given Hamiltonian on a new type of "Cayley-tree-like lattice", such as triangular, rectangular, pentagonal chandelier networks (lattices). Moreover, several open problems are discussed.
description: 42 pages, 26 figures, 1 table
The geometry of bi-Perron numbers with real or unimodular Galois conjugates
Creators: name: Liechti, Livio
name: Pankau, Joshua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57K20, 11R06, 20F55

description: Among all bi-Perron numbers, we characterise those all of whose Galois conjugates are real or unimodular as the ones that admit a power which is the stretch factor of a pseudo-Anosov homeomorphism arising from Thurston's construction. This is in turn equivalent to admitting a power which is the spectral radius of a bipartite Coxeter transformation.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure
Realization of Semiconducting Layered Multiferroic Heterojunctions via Asymmetrical Magnetoelectric Coupling
Creators: name: Yang, Baishun
name: Shao, Bin
name: Wang, Jianfeng
name: Yam, ChiYung
name: Zhang, Shengbai
name: Huang, Bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional (2D) semiconducting multiferroics that can effectively couple magnetic and polarization (P) orders have great interest for both fundamental research and technological applications in nanoscale, which are, however, rare in nature. In this study, we propose a general mechanism to realize semiconducting 2D multiferroics via vdW heterojunction engineering, as demonstrated in a typical heterostructure consisting of magnetic bilayer CrI3 (bi-CrI3) and ferroelectric monolayer In2Se3. Interestingly, the novel indirect orbital coupling between Se 4p and Cr 3d orbitals, intermediated by the interfacial I 5p orbitals, are switchable in the opposite P configurations, resulting in an unexpected mechanism of strong asymmetrical magnetoelectric coupling. Therefore, along with the noticeable ferroelectric energy barrier induced by In2Se3, the realization of opposite magnetic orders in opposite P configurations can eventually result in the novel multiferroicity in bi-CrI3/In2Se3. Finally, we demonstrate that our mechanism can generally be applied to design other vdW multiferroics even with tunable layer thickness.
description: 11pages, 4 figures
Appendices for Planetary Geologic Mapping: Program Status and Future Needs
Creators: name: Skinner, James A
name: Huff, Alexandra E
name: Fortezzo, Corey
name: Gaither, Tenielle A
name: Hare, Trent M
name: Hunter, Marc A
name: Buban, Holly C
Publisher: name: U.S. Geological Survey
Year: 2018
Subjects: Planetary Sciences

description: Appendices include the original survey, response data, and collated results related to the Open File Report. Geoscience maps, regardless of target body, are spatial and temporal representations of materials and processes recorded on planetary surfaces (Varnes, 1973; Spencer, 2000). The information and context provided by these maps promote basic and applied research within and across various geoscience disciplines. They also provide an important basis for programmatic and policy decisions (for example, H.R. 2763, 102nd Congress, National Geologic Mapping Act of 1992). Since 1961, planetary (that is, all solid surface bodies in the Solar System beyond Earth) geoscience maps have been used in nearly every facet of planetary exploration, from landing site characterization for human (for example, Grolier, 1970) and robotic (for example, Anderson and Bell, 2010) missions to mineralogical analyses of water-alteration on Mars (for example, Loizeau and others, 2007). Modern planetary geoscience maps are either standardized (those published by the United States Geological Survey (USGS) that require adherence to cartographic standards, conventions, and principles) or non-standardized (those published by other venues that are not required to, but might, adhere to cartographic standards, conventions, and principles). Geoscience mapping and its resultant product, whether standardized or non-standardized, is widely considered a routine contextual investigation that should be performed in advance of and (or) in tandem with surface science investigations. Geoscience mapping campaigns are systematically included in mission proposals as anticipated derivative products (for example, Williams and others, 2014), along with other high-order cartographic data products such as controlled image mosaics and digital terrain models. Additionally, planning documents from multiple planetary science focused programs, organizations, and institutions identify geoscience maps as key scientific and technical contributors to planetary exploration (Planetary Decadal Survey, 2011; MEPAG, 2015; Roadmap to Ocean Worlds, 2018). In line with these community uses and priorities, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), in cooperation with the USGS Astrogeology Science Center (Flagstaff, AZ), has built and maintained a non-trivial infrastructure dedicated not only to producing geoscience maps but also to building and disseminating mapping-based resources to the planetary science community.
Interferometric detection of Chern numbers in topological optical lattices
Creators: name: Xu, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological states of matter emergent as a new type of quantum phases, which can be distinguished by their associated topological invariants, e.g., Chern numbers. Currently, there is increasing in-terests toward the physically detection of the new predicted topological phases. Here, we propose an interferometric approach to directly measure the Chern number in a topological optical lattice via detecting the associated Zak phase. We show that this interferometric approach can distinguish Zak phases of plus or minus 2π from 0 in the first Brillouin zone, and thus provides a new tool to directly detect the Chern number of topological systems. In addition, we demonstrate that this method is feasible under realistic experimental conditions and widely applicable for many systems. Finally, this scheme can be readily generalized to detect high Chern number systems.
The Target-selection Pipeline for the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument
Creators: name: Myers, AD
name: Moustakas, J
name: Bailey, S
name: Weaver, BA
name: Cooper, AP
name: Forero-Romero, JE
name: Abolfathi, B
name: Alexander, DM
name: Brooks, D
name: Chaussidon, E
name: Chuang, CH
name: Dawson, K
name: Dey, A
name: Dey, B
name: Dhungana, G
name: Doel, P
name: Fanning, K
name: Gaztañaga, E
name: A Gontcho, SG
name: Gonzalez-Morales, AX
name: Hahn, CH
name: Herrera-Alcantar, HK
name: Honscheid, K
name: Ishak, M
name: Karim, T
name: Kirkby, D
name: Kisner, T
name: Koposov, SE
name: Kremin, A
name: Lan, TW
name: Landriau, M
name: Lang, D
name: Levi, ME
name: Magneville, C
name: Napolitano, L
name: Martini, P
name: Meisner, A
name: Newman, JA
name: Palanque-Delabrouille, N
name: Percival, W
name: Poppett, C
name: Prada, F
name: Raichoor, A
name: Ross, AJ
name: Schlafly, EF
name: Schlegel, D
name: Schubnell, M
name: Tan, T
name: Tarle, G
name: Wilson, MJ
name: Yèche, C
name: Zhou, R
name: Zhou, Z
name: Zou, H
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: 7 Affordable and Clean Energy

description: Abstract In 2021 May, the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) began a 5 yr survey of approximately 50 million total extragalactic and Galactic targets. The primary DESI dark-time targets are emission line galaxies, luminous red galaxies, and quasars. In bright time, DESI will focus on two surveys known as the Bright Galaxy Survey and the Milky Way Survey. DESI also observes a selection of “secondary” targets for bespoke science goals. This paper gives an overview of the publicly available pipeline (desitarget) used to process targets for DESI observations. Highlights include details of the different DESI survey targeting phases, the targeting ID (TARGETID) used to define unique targets, the bitmasks used to indicate a particular type of target, the data model and structure of DESI targeting files, and examples of how to access and use the desitarget code base. This paper will also describe “supporting” DESI target classes, such as standard stars, sky locations, and random catalogs that mimic the angular selection function of DESI targets. The DESI target-selection pipeline is complex and sizable; this paper attempts to summarize the most salient information required to understand and work with DESI targeting data.
On the algorithm to perform Monte Carlo simulations in cells with constant volume and variable shape
Creators: name: Baumketner, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In simulations of crystals, unlike liquids or gases, it may happen that the properties of the studied system depend not only on the volume of the simulation cell but also on its shape. For such cases it is desirable to change the shape of the box on the fly in the course of the simulation as it may not be known ahead of time which geometry fits the studied system best. In this work we derive an algorithm for this task based on the condition that the distribution of specific geometrical parameter observed in simulations at a constant volume matches that observed in the constant-pressure ensemble. The proposed algorithm is tested for the system of hard-core ellipses which makes lattices of different types depending on the asphericity parameter of the particle. It is shown that the performance of the algorithm critically depends on the range of the sampled geometrical parameter. If the range is narrow, the impact of the sampling method is minimal. If the range is large, inadequate sampling can lead to significant distortions of the relevant distribution functions and, as a consequence, errors in the estimates of free energy.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures
Markov traces on affine and cyclotomic Yokonuma-Hecke algebras
Creators: name: Chlouveraki, Maria
name: d'Andecy, Loïc Poulain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20C08, 20F36, 05E10, 57M27, 57M25

description: In this article, we define and study the affine and cyclotomic Yokonuma-Hecke algebras. These algebras generalise at the same time the Ariki-Koike and affine Hecke algebras and the Yokonuma-Hecke algebras. We study the representation theory of these algebras and construct several bases for them. We then show how we can define Markov traces on them, which we in turn use to construct invariants for framed and classical knots in the solid torus. Finally, we study the Markov trace with zero parameters on the cyclotomic Yokonuma-Hecke algebras and determine the Schur elements with respect to that trace.
description: 37 pages
Control of skyrmion chirality in Ta/FeCoB/TaOx trilayers by TaOx oxidation and FeCoB thickness
Creators: name: Kumar, Raj
name: Fillion, Charles-Elie
name: Lovery, Bertrand
name: Mokhtari, Ibtissem Benguettat-El
name: Joumard, Isabelle
name: Auffret, Stéphane
name: Ranno, Laurent
name: Roussigné, Yves
name: Chérif, Salim-Mourad
name: Stashkevich, Andrey
name: Belmeguenai, Mohamed
name: Baraduc, Claire
name: Béa, Hélène
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Skyrmions are magnetic bubbles with nontrivial topology envisioned as data bits for ultrafast and power-efficient spintronic memory and logic devices. They may be stabilized in heavy-metal/ferromagnetic/oxide trilayer systems. The skyrmion chirality is then determined by the sign of the interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI). Nevertheless, for apparently identical systems, there is some controversy about the DMI sign. Here, we show that the degree of oxidation of the top interface and the thickness of the ferromagnetic layer play a major role. Using Brillouin light-scattering measurements in Ta/Fe-Co-B/TaOx trilayers, we demonstrate a sign change of the DMI with the degree of oxidation of the Fe-Co-B/TaOx interface. Using polar magneto-optical Kerr effect microscopy, we consistently observe a reversal of the direction of current-induced motion of skyrmions with the oxidation level of TaOx; this is attributed to their chirality reversal. In addition, a second chirality reversal is observed when changing the Fe-Co-B thickness, probably due to the proximity of the two Fe-Co-B interfaces in the ultrathin case. By properly tuning the chirality of the skyrmion, spin-transfer and spin-orbit torques combine constructively to enhance the skyrmion velocity. These observations thus allow us to envision an optimization of the material parameters to produce highly mobile skyrmions. Moreover, this chirality control enables a versatile manipulation of skyrmions and paves the way towards multidirectional devices.
description: 26 pages, 3 figures
Global Classical Solutions to the viscous two-phase flow model with slip Boundary Conditions in 3D Exterior Domains
Creators: name: Li, Zilai
name: Liu, Hao
name: Wang, Huaqiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the two-phase flow model with slip boundary condition in a 3D exterior domains whose boundary is smooth. We establish the global existence of classical solutions of this system provided that the initial energy is suitably small. Moreover, the pressure has large oscillations and contains vacuum states when the initial pressure allows large oscillations and a vacuum. Finally, we also obtain the large-time behavior of the classical solutions.
description: 28 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2112.05586, arXiv:2102.12572, arXiv:2102.10235 by other authors
Robust Output Regulation of the Linearized Boussinesq Equations with Boundary Control and Observation
Creators: name: Huhtala, Konsta
name: Paunonen, Lassi
name: Hu, Weiwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 93C05, 93B52, 35K40, 35Q93

description: We study temperature and velocity output tracking problem for a two-dimensional room model with the fluid dynamics governed by the linearized translated Boussinesq equations. Additionally, the room model includes finite-dimensional models for actuation and sensing dynamics, thus the complete model dynamics are governed by an ODE-PDE-ODE system. As the main result, we design a low-dimensional internal model based controller for robust output racking of the room model. Efficiency of the controller is demonstrated through a numerical example of velocity and temperature tracking.
description: 26 pages, 9 figures, submitted
The tilt of the velocity ellipsoid in the Milky Way disk
Creators: name: Büdenbender, Alex
name: van de Ven, Glenn
name: Watkins, Laura L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurate determination of the local dark matter density is important for understanding the nature and distribution of dark matter in the universe. This requires that the local velocity distribution is characterised correctly. Here, we present a kinematic study of 16,276 SEGUE G-type dwarf stars in the solar neighbourhood, with which we determine the shape of the velocity ellipsoid in the meridional plane. We separate our G-dwarf stars based on their [Fe/H] and [alpha/Fe] abundances and infer the local velocity distribution independently for each sub-sample using a maximum-likelihood method that accounts for possible contaminants. We show by constructing vertical Jeans models that the different sub-samples yield consistent results only when we allow the velocity ellipsoid in the disk to be tilted, demonstrating that the common assumption of decoupled radial and vertical motions in the disk is incorrect. Further, we obtain that the tilt of the velocity ellipsoid is consistent among the different sub-samples. We find that increase in the tilt with height is well described by the relation alpha_tilt = (-0.90 +- 0.04) arctan(|z|/R_sun) - (0.01 +- 0.005), which is close to alignment with the spherical coordinate system and hence a velocity ellipsoid pointing to the Galactic centre. We also confirm earlier findings that the sub-samples behave almost isothermally with both radial and vertical velocity dispersion approximately constant with height. We conclude that the coupling between radial and vertical motion captured in the velocity ellipsoid tilt cannot be ignored when considering dynamical models of the solar neighbourhood. In a subsequent paper, we will develop a new modelling scheme informed by these results and make an improved determination of the local dark matter density.
description: accepted by MNRAS; 14 pages
Which language for practicing Islam in multilingual Europe? Case studies from immigrants from the Indian sub-continent & Suriname
Creators: name: Haque, Shahzaman
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: sacred languages
Arabic
Qur'anic Arabic
English
Indian immigrants in Europe
Suriname

description: This paper draws on the fieldwork conducted into the language practices of Muslim individuals in the Nordic countries and the Netherlands. All the informants in the study were born in the Muslim quarter in the Indian sub-continent, with the exception of one informant who is from Suriname. Few works (Schor, 1985; Haque, 2014, 2012; Zolberg & Woon, 1999) in sociolinguistics seem to focus on the practice of Islam by immigrants in their daily lives, in which a plethora of languages are used for different functions. Previous works (Peach & Vertovec 1997; Ogan et al. 2013) have shown that the perception of Muslims in Europe is not favourable, and this factor has become a constraint when seeking to collect data for a large sample of the population. Sociolinguistic and ethnographic tools such as questionnaires, interviews, field notes and participant observation were employed to gain insight into socio-cultural practices and linguistic attitudes. The diachronic case studies have provided an in-depth understanding of the role played by different languages in the practice of Islam. If Arabic is the principal sacred language for prayers and other rituals for immigrant Muslims, Urdu is considered as an important religious language for many believers, as Islamic doctrines are widely available in this language. Due to the rise in popularity of social networks and its usage on smartphones, English has appeared as another language used in resources on Islamic discourses, and it has been ascribed the role of lingua franca for the dissemination of religious teachings.
De patiënt als (zelf)onderzoeker, Gezond Leven met Kanker
Creators: name: Voshol, Peter
name: De Vette, Maaike
name: Van der Graaff, Mascha
name: Smits, Estelle
name: Poorthuis, Anne-Marie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Weer bij eigen regie komen
Gezond leven is een uitdaging voor iedereen en vraagt extra aandacht als je ziek bent. Het lijkt vanzelfsprekend dat je werkt aan gezond leven en vanuit eigen regie. Maar als je geconfronteerd wordt met kanker en ineens patiënt bent met sturing vanuit medische behandeling, word je vaak geleefd. Dan is het zoeken om weer bij je eigen regie te komen en mogelijkheden in jezelf en je omgeving te benutten om zo gezond mogelijk te leven met kanker.
 
De patiënt als zelfonderzoeker
Verhelderen en ordenen van de eigen situatie en de keuzes die je als patiënt daarin maakt of wil maken.
Large volume susy breaking with a solution to the decompactification problem
Creators: name: Faraggi, Alon E.
name: Kounnas, Costas
name: Partouche, Herve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study heterotic ground states in which supersymmetry is broken by coupling the momentum and winding charges of two large extra dimensions to the R-charges of the supersymmetry generators. The large dimensions give rise to towers of heavy string thresholds that contribute to the running of the gauge couplings. In the general case, these contributions are proportional to the volume of the two large dimensions and invalidate the perturbative string expansion. The problem is evaded if the susy breaking sectors arise as a spontaneously broken phase of N=4 -> N=2 -> N=0 supersymmetry, provided that N=4 supersymmetry is restored on the boundary of the moduli space. We discuss the mechanism in the case of Z_2 x Z_2 orbifolds, which requires that the twisted sector that contains the large extra dimensions has no fixed points. We analyse the full string partition function and show that the twisted sectors distribute themselves in non-aligned N=2 orbits, hence preserving the solution to the string decompactification problem. Remarkably, we find that the contribution to the vacuum energy from the N=2 -> N=0 sectors is suppressed, and the only substantial contribution arises from the breaking of the N=4 sector to N=0.
description: 1+63 pages
A regularity result for the bound states of $N$-body Schrödinger operators: Blow-ups and Lie manifolds
Creators: name: Ammann, Bernd
name: Mougel, Jérémy
name: Nistor, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35J10 (Primary), 35B65, 35J47, 58J05 (Secondary)

description: We prove regularity estimates in weighted Sobolev spaces for the $L^2$-eigenfunctions of Schrödinger type operators whose potentials have inverse square singularities and uniform radial limits at infinity. In particular, the usual $N$-body Hamiltonians with Coulomb-type singular potentials are covered by our result: in that case, the weight is $δ_{\mathcal{F}}(x) := \min \{ d(x, \bigcup \mathcal{F}), 1\}$, where $d(x, \bigcup \mathcal{F})$ is the usual euclidean distance to the union $\bigcup\mathcal{F}$ of the set of collision planes $\bigcup\mathcal{F}$. The proof is based on blow-ups of manifolds with corners and Lie manifolds. More precisely, we start with the radial compactification $\overline{X}$ of the underlying space $X$ and we first blow-up the spheres $\mathbb{S}_Y \subset \mathbb{S}_X$ at infinity of the collision planes $Y \in \bigcup\mathcal{F}$ to obtain the Georgescu-Vasy compactification. Then we blow-up the collision planes $\bigcup\mathcal{F}$. We carefully investigate how the Lie manifold structure and the associated data (metric, Sobolev spaces, differential operators) change with each blow-up. Our method applies also to higher order differential operators, to certain classes of pseudodifferential operators, and to matrices of scalar operators.
description: Small changes, last preprint version before sending to publisher. Appendices D and E only in preprint version, not published
Approximate Computing and the Efficient Machine Learning Expedition
Creators: name: Henkel, Jörg
name: Li, Hai
name: Raghunathan, Anand
name: Tahoori, Mehdi B.
name: Venkataramani, Swagath
name: Yang, Xiaoxuan
name: Zervakis, Georgios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Approximate computing (AxC) has been long accepted as a design alternative for efficient system implementation at the cost of relaxed accuracy requirements. Despite the AxC research activities in various application domains, AxC thrived the past decade when it was applied in Machine Learning (ML). The by definition approximate notion of ML models but also the increased computational overheads associated with ML applications-that were effectively mitigated by corresponding approximations-led to a perfect matching and a fruitful synergy. AxC for AI/ML has transcended beyond academic prototypes. In this work, we enlighten the synergistic nature of AxC and ML and elucidate the impact of AxC in designing efficient ML systems. To that end, we present an overview and taxonomy of AxC for ML and use two descriptive application scenarios to demonstrate how AxC boosts the efficiency of ML systems.
description: Accepted for publication at the International Conference on Computer-Aided Design (ICCAD) 2022
Black Holes: Information Loss But No Paradox
Creators: name: Modak, Sujoy K.
name: Ortíz, Leonardo
name: Peña, Igor
name: Sudarsky, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The process of black hole evaporation resulting from the Hawking effect has generated an intense controversy regarding its potential conflict with quantum mechanics' unitary evolution. In a recent couple of works of a collaboration involving one of us, we have revised the controversy with the aims of, on the one hand, clarifying some conceptual issues surrounding it, and, at the same time, arguing that collapse theories have the potential to offer a satisfactory resolution of the so-called paradox. Here we show an explicit calculation supporting this claim using a simplified model of black hole creation and evaporation, known as the CGHS model, together with a dynamical reduction theory, known as CSL, and some speculative, but seemingly natural ideas about the role of quantum gravity in connection with the would-be singularity. This work represents a specific realization of general ideas first discussed in [1].
description: 39 pages, 6 figures. Matches accepted version in General Relativity and Gravitation