Sphingius hainan Zhang, Fu &amp; Zhu 2009
Creators: name: Feng, Zhang
name: Fu, Jianying
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Liocranidae
Sphingius
Sphingius hainan

description: <i>Sphingius hainan</i> Zhang, Fu &amp; Zhu, 2009 Figs. 8–13 <i>Sphingius hainan</i> Zhang, Fu &amp; Zhu, 2009: 34, f.1–8. <b>Material examined.</b> 3 <i>3</i> 2&amp;female;, CHINA: Hainan Province, Mt. Jianfengling [N 18.62°, E 108.98°], May 28, 2009, S. T. Guo and X. X. Zhang leg. (MHBU); 1 <i>3</i> (holotype), CHINA: Hainan Province, Changjiang County, Mt. Bawangling, November 5, 2008, M. S. Zhu leg. (MHBU). <b>Diagnosis</b>. In comparing Chinese <i>Sphingius</i> species, such as <i>S. sinensis</i> (Schenkel, 1963) and <i>S. zhangi</i> Zhang, Fu &amp; Zhu, 2009, with the female of <i>S. hainan,</i> we find the epigyne <i>of S. hainan</i> has a large anterior hood (Fig. 9) while <i>S</i>. <i>sinensis</i> with two small anterior hoods (Zhang et al. 2009: fig. 18); and additionally, the epigynal hood of <i>S. hainan</i> is half-oval shaped (Fig. 9), while <i>S. zhangi</i> has a hood nearly rectangle-shaped (Zhang et al. 2009: fig. 27). <b>Table Ι.</b> Leg measurements of <i>Sphingius deelemanae</i> sp. n., male. <b>Figures 8–Ι3.</b> <i>Sphingius hainan</i> Zhang, Fu &amp; Zhu, 2009. <b>8</b> Female body, dorsal view <b>9</b> Epigyne, ventral view <b>Ι0</b> Vulva, dorsal view <b>ΙΙ</b> Left male palp, prolateral view <b>Ι2</b> Same, ventral view <b>Ι3</b> Same, retrolateral. <b>b</b> bursa <b>c</b> conductor <b>co</b> copulatory opening <b>e</b> embolus <b>h</b> hood <b>ma</b> median apophysis <b>s</b> spermatheca <b>sd</b> sperm duct <b>st</b> subtegulum <b>t</b> tegulum <b>ta</b> tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 1 mm (8); 0.5 mm (9–13). Comparing <i>S. hainan</i> with the seven <i>Sphingius</i> species with known females found in nearby south east Asian countries, <i>S. hainan</i> can be distinguished from <i>S. penicillus</i> (Thailand), by having a large anterior hood (Fig. 9) while <i>S. penicillus</i> with a small anterior hoods (Deeleman-Reinhold 2001: fig. 850). <i>S. hainan</i> is also very similar to <i>S. vivax</i> (Thorell, 1897) (Myanmar, Vietnam, Malaysia, Philippines) in the conformation of the male palpal organ, but can be distinguished from <i>S. vivax</i> by having a longer and thicker male palpal retrolateral tibial apophysis (Fig. 13), by the bulb with apical membranous conductor (Fig. 12), and by the shape of the median apophysis (Fig. 12). <i>S. hainan</i> can also be distinguished from <i>S. songi</i> (Thailand), <i>S. gothicus</i> (Thailand) and <i>S. punctatus</i> (Thailand, Indonesia), by having a half-oval shaped epigynal hood (Fig. 9) while epigynal hood M-shaped in <i>S. songi</i>, triangle-shaped in <i>S. gothicus</i>, and nearly rectangle-shaped in <i>S. punctatus</i> (Deeleman-Reinhold 2001: figs. 855, 845, 866). <i>S. hainan</i> can be distinguished from <i>S. octomaculatus</i> (Myanmar) and <i>S. gracilis</i> (Myanmar), by having a large anterior hood (Fig. 4) while the latter two without anterior hood (Deeleman-Reinhold 2001: figs. 861, 837). Comparing <i>S. hainan</i> with the seven <i>Sphingius</i> species with known females found in nearby south east Asian countries, <i>S. hainan</i> can be distinguished from <i>S. penicillus</i> (Thailand), by having a large anterior hood (Fig. 9) while <i>S. penicillus</i> with a small anterior hood (Deeleman-Reinhold 2001: fig. 850). <i>S. hainan</i> can also be distinguished from <i>S. songi</i> (Thailand), <i>S. gothicus</i> (Thailand), <i>S. vivax</i> (Myanmar, Vietnam, Malaysia, Philippines) and <i>S. punctatus</i> (Thailand, Indonesia), by having a half-oval shaped epigynal hood (Fig. 9) while the epigynal hood rather ‘M-shaped’ in <i>S. songi</i> (Deeleman-Reinhold 2001: fig. 855), triangle-shaped in <i>S. gothicus</i> (Deeleman-Reinhold 2001: fig. 845), large and dome shaped in <i>S. vivax</i> (Deeleman-Reinhold 2001: fig. 842) and nearly rectangle-shaped in <i>S. punctatus</i> (Deeleman-Reinhold 2001: fig. 866). <i>S. hainan</i> can be distinguished from <i>S. octomaculatus</i> (Myanmar) and <i>S. gracilis</i> (Myanmar), by having a large anterior hood (Fig. 4) while the latter two without anterior hood (Deeleman-Reinhold 2001: figs. 861, 837). <b>Description.</b> Female. Body length 5.00–5.53. One specimen was measured, total length 5.53: carapace 2.52 long, 2.07 wide; abdomen 3.01 long, 1.80 wide. Carapace ovoid in dorsal view (Fig. 8), deep reddish brown, with numerous small granulations, lateral and posterior margins with angular granulations. Eyes in two transverse rows; AER slightly recurved, PER straight or slightly recurved in dorsal view and longer than AER. Eye diameters: AME 0.13, ALE 0.12, PME 0.14, PLE 0.13. Eye interdistances: AME–AME 0.13, AME–ALE 0.19, PME–PME 0.50, PME–PLE 0.17; MOA 0.33 long, front width 0.29, back width 0.28. Chelicerae with three promarginal and two retromarginal teeth, anterior side with a tubercle. Endites brown, longer than wide, constricted at middle on lateral margin, anterior edge with clear serrula and scopula. Labium slightly rectangular, anterior margin with a slight concavity centrally. Sternum light brown, shield-shaped, covered with sparse granulations, posterior margin slightly extending between coxae IV, lateral margin with precoxal triangles and intercoxal sclerites. Space above the coxae and below the carapace with longitudinal, sclerotized pleural bars. Legs brown, anterior tibiae and metatarsi spineless, tarsi I–III almost as long as metatarsi. Leg spination: femora I-II with one small dorsal spines, tibia III v2-2-2, p 0-1-1, r 0-0-1; metatarsus III v 2-0-0; tibia IV v 1-1- 1, p0-0-1, r 0-0-1, metatarsus IV p0-1-0, v 2-1-0, r 0-1-0. Leg formula: 4123 (Table 2). Abdomen ovoid (Fig. 8), dark brown, light brown centrally; dorsal scutum covering nearly all, and dorsum with one pair of muscular impression on middle part. Venter of abdomen yellow brown, epigastric scutum tripartite (to some degree, at least in the color) divided into a central plate and two lateral plates, postgenital scutum relatively small, about two thirds of abdomen length, venter with two rows of longitudinal lines of spots. Epigyne as illustrated (Figs. 9–10). Epigynal plate oval-rectangular, anterior half concave and posterior half convex. Anterior atrial hood arch-shaped (Fig. 9). Copulatory openings situated in the corners of the depression, leading through funnel-shaped ducts to the spermathecae and bursae. Spermathecae posteriorly (Fig. 10), large, globose; bursae anteriorly, smaller globose, thin-walled; a short connecting tube between the anterior bursa and posterior spermatheca. Male (holotype). The male has been described by Zhang et al. (2009). Male palp as illustrated (Figs. 11–13). <b>Distribution</b>. Hainan.
description: Published as part of <i>Feng, Zhang &amp; Fu, Jianying, 2010, A new species of the genus Sphingius (Araneae, Liocranidae) from China, and first description of the female: Sphingius hainan Zhang, Fu &amp; Zhu, 2009, pp. 23-31 in ZooKeys 49 (49)</i> on pages 27-30, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.49.391, http://zenodo.org/record/576675
description: {"references": ["Zhang F, Fu JY, Zhu MS (2009) Spiders of the genus Sphingius (Araneae: Liocranidae) from China, with descriptions of two new species. Zootaxa 2298: 31 - 44.", "Schenkel E (1963) Ostasiatische Spinnen aus dem Museum d'Histoire naturelle de Paris. Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Serie A, Zoologie (Paris) 25: 1 - 481.", "Deeleman-Reinhold CL (2001) Forest spiders of South East Asia: with a revision of the sac and ground spiders (Araneae: Clubionidae, Corinnidae, Liocranidae, Gnaphosidae, Prodidomidae and Trochanterriidae). Brill, Leiden, 591 pp.", "Thorell T (1897) Viaggio di Leonardo Fea in Birmania e regioni vicine. LXXIII. Secondo saggio sui Ragni birmani. I. Parallelodontes. Tubitelariae. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, 161 - 267."]}