cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Assessing the time dependence of reconnection with Poynting's theorem: MMS observations
Creators: name: Genestreti, Kevin J.
name: Cassak, Paul A.
name: Varsani, Ali
name: Burch, James L.
name: Nakamura, Rumi
name: Wang, Shan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the time dependence of electromagnetic-field-to-plasma energy conversion in the electron diffusion region of asymmetric magnetic reconnection. To do so, we consider the terms in Poynting's theorem. In a steady state there is a perfect balance between the divergence of the electromagnetic energy flux $\nabla \cdot \vec{S}$ and the conversion between electromagnetic field and particle energy $\vec{J} \cdot \vec{E}$. This energy balance is demonstrated with a particle-in-cell simulation of reconnection. We also evaluate each of the terms in Poynting's theorem during an observation of a magnetopause reconnection region by Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS). We take the equivalence of both sides of Poynting's theorem as an indication that the errors associated with the approximation of each term with MMS data are small. We find that, for this event, balance between $\vec{J}\cdot\vec{E}=-\nabla\cdot\vec{S}$ is only achieved for a small fraction of the energy conversion region at/near the X-point. Magnetic energy was rapidly accumulating on either side of the current sheet at roughly three times the predicted energy conversion rate. Furthermore, we find that while $\vec{J}\cdot\vec{E}>0$ and $\nabla\cdot\vec{S}<0$ are observed, as is expected for reconnection, the energy accumulation is driven by the overcompensation for $\vec{J}\cdot\vec{E}$ by $-\nabla\cdot\vec{S}>\vec{J}\cdot\vec{E}$. We note that due to the assumptions necessary to do this calculation, the accurate evaluation of $\nabla\cdot\vec{S}$ may not be possible for every MMS-observed reconnection event; but if possible, this is a simple approach to determine if reconnection is or is not in a steady-state.
description: Resubmitted to GRL after minor rev. on 1 February 2018
CO2-Emissionen im Einzelhandel: Studie für die Klimaschutzoffensive des Handels - Handelsverband Deutschland HDE - e.V.
Creators: name: Arnold-Keifer, Sonja
name: Rohde, Clemens
name: Hirzel, Simon
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2022
Subjects: CO2-Emissionen
Einzelhandel
Energieverbrauch
Erneuerbare Energien
Hemmnisse

description: Das Wissen um die Energienachfrage und die CO2-Emissionen des Einzelhandels ist begrenzt. Vor diesem Hintergrund hat das Fraunhofer-Institut für System- und Innovationsforschung ISI im Auftrag des Handelsverbands Deutschland (HDE) im Herbst 2022 eine unabhängige, wissenschaftliche Befragung durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse der Erhebung für Unternehmen des Einzelhandels deuten darauf hin, dass in den letzten 5 Jahren vor allem in den Bereichen Beleuchtung, im Non-Food-Bereich zusätzlich in der Kältetechnik, gezielte Anstrengungen zur Minderung der CO2-Emissionen und zur Steigerung der Energieeffizienz vorgenommen wurden. Neben der Minderung von Energieverbräuchen, Energiekosten und CO2-Emissionen konnten durch die Maßnahmen auch Verbesserungen im Arbeitsumfeld oder beim Kundenimage erreicht werden. Hinsichtlich weiterhin vorhandener Potentiale wird unter anderem im Bereich der Energiebereitstellung, insbesondere der Photovoltaik, ein großes Potential beigemessen. Aus Sicht der Befragten sind die größten Hemmnisse für mehr Energieeinsparmaßnahmen generell neben fehlenden Umsetzungskapazitäten und unzureichenden Fördermitteln das Mieter-Vermieter-Dilemma. Um die Minderung von CO2-Emissionen voran zu treiben, wünscht sich die Mehrheit der Befragten eine stärkere öffentliche Unterstützung.
How Political Institutions Influence Development Outcomes
Creators: name: Ali Hashi, Mustafe
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2019

description: What is the cause of global inequality? Why are some countries poor and why are others rich? Is it because of poor mismanagement, bad economic policies or the lack of capital? In recent years two scholars Daron Acemugolu and James Robinson have come up with new theory to explain the determinants of wealth and poverty that exists between states. In their thesis, they argue that the inequality that exists between states is the result of how institutions are created. Many western countries they explain are rich not due to the luck of chance or abundance of resources. Quite the contrary, wealth they argue is necessitated by inclusive and democratic political institutions which are fundamental to initiating economic growth and development. However, the rise of China, Vietnam, Russia and some of the East Asian states in this century has prompted some reconsideration of the democratic development theory. The rise of China and other authoritarian developmentalist states in the twenty first century raises an important question in development discourse- Can states without inclusive political institutions create free and inclusive economic institutions? In other words, is inclusive political institutions a precondition for economic development? This paper will argue that states with non-inclusive political institution can develop and prosper as evidenced by China and some of the East Asian countries. Moreover, the paper will highlight some of the theoretical short comings in the democratic development theory presented in the book “Why Nations Fail”. More importantly, the paper will look at the China Model as an alternative to the democratic development model and examine if the Chinese development model can be transferred into the African context.
Sanitation in Pastoral Community:
Creators: name: Bogale, Belayneh
name: Mosisa, Moti
name: Mesele, Abrha
name: Work, Keflie
Publisher: name: Ethiopian Journal of Sciences and Sustainable Development
Year: 2019

description: In Ethiopia the pastoralists cover 61% of the land area, constitute 12-15% of the total population. Regardless of this fact, studies confirmed that pastoralists were away from the central government for a long, and have been among the most marginalized group in terms of availability and access to public services including sanitation services. Thus, the objective of the study was to study the status, challenges and prospects of Sanitation in Borena Pastoral Community of Ethiopia. To this end both qualitative and quantitative approaches, and explanatory and descriptive research types were utilized based on primarily evidences collected from local communities, government sectoral offices, and non-government organizations in the sector. Accordingly, the access to all types of latrine in the zone is estimated to be close 68%, however significant proportion of the latrines are unimproved and traditional pits. Moreover, poor water supply, mobile life style of the community, soil property, lack of qualified man power and habit of open defecation are the major impediments. Regarding the prospect, the health extension program, the availability of multiple actors and the One WaSH program are the prominent ones. In order to improve the sanitation coverage and to tackle the aforementioned challenges, inter alia, scaling up the best practices of relatively good performing Woredas and enhancing the engagement of the community are recommended.
description: Ethiopian Journal of Sciences and Sustainable Development, Vol 6 No 1 (2019): EJSSD
Assessing the contribution of combustion-derived contaminants to a remote subarctic environment from traffic on the Tibbitt to Contwoyto winter road (Northwest Territories, Canada)
Creators: name: Korosi, Jennifer B
name: Eickmeyer, David C
name: Thienpont, Joshua R
name: Palmer, Michael J
name: Kimpe, Linda E
name: Blais, Jules M
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Boreal forest
Diesel emissions
Lakes
Polycyclic aromatic compounds
Tundra
Wildfire
Air Pollutants
Northwest Territories
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Vehicle Emissions
Environmental Monitoring

description: Remote mining operations in Canada's Northwest Territories and Nunavut are supported by a 600 km winter road, which spans the transition from subarctic boreal forest in Yellowknife to low Arctic tundra. Each year, thousands of truckloads of fuel, large equipment, and other heavy loads are hauled up the winter road. We investigated whether diesel emissions from commercial truck traffic is a major source of metals and polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) to aquatic ecosystems along the winter road. In March 2014, at the end of the hauling season, we collected integrated snow samples, water, and sediment from nine lakes located along the winter road, as well as from six lakes located within the city of Yellowknife. Examination of PAC composition and diagnostic ratios in snow samples showed that wildfires are an important source of PACs to lakes along the winter road, while anthropogenic sources are more prevalent in snow from Yellowknife lakes. Concentrations of PACs, including those associated with diesel emissions, were variable in snow, water, and sediment across all sites. The highest concentrations of PACs in snow were reported in winter road lakes located in the subarctic boreal forest, where forest fires are common. No compositional differences were observed for PACs in sediment and water samples between Yellowknife and winter road lakes. We did not observe any evidence of metal contamination in snow collected along the winter road, and metal concentrations in snow from winter road sites were consistently lower than Yellowknife sites. Our results show that a high contribution of PACs from natural sources can obscure potential contributions from diesel traffic emissions along the winter road.
Effect of band structure on field emission of crystalline graphite
Creators: name: Katkov, V. L.
name: Osipov, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The field emission of crystalline AAA graphite is studied within a simple analytical approach with account of the exact dispersion relation near the Fermi level. The emission current is calculated for two crystal orientations with respect to the applied electric field. It is found that the exponent of the Fowler-Nordheim equation remains the same while the preexponential factor is markedly modified. For both field directions, the linear field dependence is found in weak fields and the standard quadratic Fowler-Nordheim behavior takes place in strong fields. A strong dependence of the emission current from the interlayer distance is observed. As an illustration of the method the known case of a single-walled carbon nanotube is considered.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures. To be published in Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter
hARMS: A Hardware Acceleration Architecture for Real-Time Event-Based Optical Flow
Creators: name: Stumpp, Daniel C.
name: Akolkar, Himanshu
name: George, Alan D.
name: Benosman, Ryad B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Event-based vision sensors produce asynchronous event streams with high temporal resolution based on changes in the visual scene. The properties of these sensors allow for accurate and fast calculation of optical flow as events are generated. Existing solutions for calculating optical flow from event data either fail to capture the true direction of motion due to the aperture problem, do not use the high temporal resolution of the sensor, or are too computationally expensive to be run in real time on embedded platforms. In this research, we first present a faster version of our previous algorithm, ARMS (Aperture Robust Multi-Scale flow). The new optimized software version (fARMS) significantly improves throughput on a traditional CPU. Further, we present hARMS, a hardware realization of the fARMS algorithm allowing for real-time computation of true flow on low-power, embedded platforms. The proposed hARMS architecture targets hybrid system-on-chip devices and was designed to maximize configurability and throughput. The hardware architecture and fARMS algorithm were developed with asynchronous neuromorphic processing in mind, abandoning the common use of an event frame and instead operating using only a small history of relevant events, allowing latency to scale independently of the sensor resolution. This change in processing paradigm improved the estimation of flow directions by up to 73% compared to the existing method and yielded a demonstrated hARMS throughput of up to 1.21 Mevent/s on the benchmark configuration selected. This throughput enables real-time performance and makes it the fastest known realization of aperture-robust, event-based optical flow to date.
description: 18 pages, 16 figures, 4 tables
Additional file 4 of Association between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Circulating Proteins in 50-Year-Old Swedish Men and Women: a Cross-Sectional Study
Creators: name: Enarsson, Malin
name: Feldreich, Tobias
name: Byberg, Liisa
name: Nowak, Christoph
name: Lind, Lars
name: Ärnlöv, Johan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4. Supplementary table 2.
Dimension reduction, exact recovery, and error estimates for sparse reconstruction in phase space
Creators: name: Holler, Martin
name: Schlüter, Alexander
name: Wirth, Benedikt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65J22 (Primary) 44A12, 49Q22, 90C25, 28A33 (Secondary)

description: An important theme in modern inverse problems is the reconstruction of time-dependent data from only finitely many measurements. To obtain satisfactory reconstruction results in this setting it is essential to strongly exploit temporal consistency between the different measurement times. The strongest consistency can be achieved by reconstructing data directly in phase space, the space of positions and velocities. However, this space is usually too high-dimensional for feasible computations. We introduce a novel dimension reduction technique, based on projections of phase space onto lower-dimensional subspaces, which provably circumvents this curse of dimensionality: Indeed, in the exemplary framework of superresolution we prove that known exact reconstruction results stay true after dimension reduction, and we additionally prove new error estimates of reconstructions from noisy data in optimal transport metrics which are of the same quality as one would obtain in the non-dimension-reduced case.
description: 73 pages, 3 figures
Ultrafast extreme ultraviolet photoemission without space charge
Creators: name: Corder, Christopher
name: Zhao, Peng
name: Bakalis, Jin
name: Li, Xinlong
name: Kershis, Matthew D.
name: Muraca, Amanda R.
name: White, Michael G.
name: Allison, Thomas K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time- and Angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy from surfaces can be used to record the dynamics of electrons and holes in condensed matter on ultrafast time scales. However, ultrafast photoemission experiments using extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) light have previously been limited by either space-charge effects, low photon flux, or limited tuning range. In this article, we describe space-charge-free XUV photoelectron spectroscopy experiments with up to 5 nA of average sample current using a tunable cavity-enhanced high-harmonic source operating at 88 MHz repetition rate. The source delivers $ > 10^{11}$ photons/s in isolated harmonics to the sample over a broad photon energy range from 18 to 37 eV with a spot size of $58 \times 100 \; μ$m$^2$. From photoelectron spectroscopy data, we place conservative upper limits on the XUV pulse duration and photon energy bandwidth of 93 fs and 65 meV, respectively. The high photocurrent, lack of space charge distortions of the photoelectron spectra, and excellent isolation of individual harmonic orders allow us to observe the laser-assisted photoelectric effect with sideband amplitudes as low as $6 \times 10^{-4}$, enabling time-resolved XUV photoemission experiments in a qualitatively new regime.
An Algorithm for Automatically Designing Deterministic Mechanisms without Payments
Creators: name: Conitzer, Vincent
name: Sandholm, Tuomas W
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Mechanism design is the art of designing the rules of the game so that a desirable outcome is reached even though the agents in the game behave selﬁshly. This is a difﬁcult problem because the designer is uncertain about the agents’ preferences and the agents may lie about their preferences. Traditionally, the focus in mechanism design has been on designing mechanisms that are appropriate for a range of settings. While this approach has produced a number of famous mechanisms, much of the space of possible settings is still left uncovered. In contrast, in automated mechanism
design (AMD), a mechanism is computed on the ﬂy for the setting at hand—a universally applicable approach. In this paper we present (to our knowledge) the ﬁrst algorithm designed speciﬁcally for AMD. It is designed for the special case where there is only one type-reporting agent, the mechanism must be deterministic, and payments are not possible. The algorithm relies on an association of a particular (easy to compute) mechanism to each subset of outcomes, and a proof that one such mechanism is an optimal one—which allows us to reduce the search space to one of size 2O. We propose an admissible heuristic to use in searching over this space, and show how it can be updated efﬁciently from node to node. We show how to apply branch and bound DFS as well as IDA* to this search space, and show that this approach outperforms CPLEX 8.0, a general purpose solver, solidly on unstructured instances, both with and without an IR constraint. However, on our third type of instance, a bartering problem, CPLEX almost achieves the performance of our algorithm by exploiting the structure inherent in the domain.
Academic Staffs’ Motivation for Leadership Service in Higher Learning Institutions: the Case of Four Public Universities in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Mulleta, Alemu Disassa
name: Kebede, Alemu
name: Donis, Kumsa
name: Tessema, Daniel
Publisher: name: Ethiopian Journal of Sciences and Sustainable Development
Year: 2019

description: Abstract This study was aimed at assessing the readiness of academic staffs to serve in their university leadership. To this end, a descriptive survey research design has been employed. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected from 386 academic staffs and top leaders of four public universities: Adama Science and Technology University, Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, Debre Birehan University and Arsi Universities using questionnaire, FGD, and KII. The quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, whereas thematic analysis was employed for the qualitative data. The study reveals that, in spite of some irregularities, recruitment for middle and lower level leadership in public universities is carried out through open competition; however, academic staffs are less interested to serve in their university leadership mainly due to lack of willingness to scarifies work-life balance, lack of transparency in the leadership selection process, and unnecessary government political interference. Minimizing political interference, introducing attractive incentive packages, ensuring transparency and decentralization of power have been recommended to curb the existing problems.
description: Ethiopian Journal of Sciences and Sustainable Development, Vol 6 No 1 (2019): EJSSD
Association of coffee bean defects with ochratoxin A contamination in the samples originated from Ethiopia
Creators: name: Biru, Teshome Geremew
name: Tassew, Dawit Abate
Publisher: name: Ethiopian Journal of Sciences and Sustainable Development
Year: 2019

description: Filamentous fungi like Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Fusarium are the common microbial contaminants in many agricultural products including coffee beans. These fungal species can produce mycotoxins in coffee beans and exposes consumers to mycotoxin associated health risks. The purpose of this study was to examine the various types of coffee bean defects existed in coffee beans in relation to OTA contamination and search possible physical indicator to identify beans with OTA contamination. Coffee bean samples were evaluated visually for the presence of defective beans and the defects were counted and given scores. The samples were also assessed for fungal incidence and OTA contamination levels. The data was analyzed using R statistical software version 3.0.3 (2014-03-06). Significant positive correlation (r = 0.56, p < 0.00) existed between coffee bean defect points and OTA contamination levels. No statistical significant difference existed in median bean defect point within coffee bean processing methods, storage types, and storage material. The predominant coffee bean defects encountered in this study in descending order were black beans (41.6 %), immature bean (27.0 %), insect infested (20.5 %), moldy beans (20.4.4 %), and broken beans (15.5%). Ochratoxin A contamination levels in coffee beans were positively correlated with black beans (r = 0.33, p < 0.03), visible mold overgrowth (r = 0.80, p < 0.00), beans damaged by insects (r = 0.71, p < 0.00), and presence of husk (r = 0.67, p < 0.00). Visual inspection of the incidence of these bean defects is a potential indication of OTA contamination in the beans. Therefore, local coffee consumers should avoid coffee beans with sign of mold overgrowth, black beans, beans with husk and damaged by insects as these types of coffee beans are most likely contaminated with OTA and causes health risk.
description: Ethiopian Journal of Sciences and Sustainable Development, Vol 6 No 1 (2019): EJSSD
Additional file 1 of Utilisation and predictors of use of exposure therapy in the treatment of anxiety, OCD and PTSD in an Australian sample: a preliminary investigation
Creators: name: Moses, Karen
name: Gonsalvez, Craig
name: Meade, Tanya
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Exposure therapy use questionnaire.
El impuesto sobre la renta de las personas naturales en la Ley 2277 de 2022
Creators: name: Delgado Perea, Alejandro
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Personas naturales
subject: Reformas tributarias - Colombia
subject: Impuestos sobre la renta

description: Desde el momento en que el Gobierno Nacional anunció la radicación en el Congreso de la República del proyecto de reforma tributaria –que se concretó en la Ley 2277 de 2022–, hizo públicas sus intenciones de aumentar la carga tributaria directa de las personas naturales. En la exposición de motivos del proyecto de ley (Ministerio de Hacienda y Crédito Público, 2022) se afirma que la baja participación del impuesto sobre la renta de las personas naturales (1.3% del PIB) se explica por dos razones: las excesivas deducciones especiales y rentas exentas, y el tratamiento individual de los dividendos y las ganancias ocasionales.
Prediction of bearing capacity of fine grained soils from field Dynamic Cone Penetration reading
Creators: name: Chemeda, Yadeta Chemdesa
name: Abdela, Kemal
Publisher: name: Ethiopian Journal of Sciences and Sustainable Development
Year: 2019

description: Bearing capacity is one of the important parameters that needs to be considered for design and construction of foundations of civil engineering structures. The conventional method of estimating this parameter is commonly using Terzaghi’s equation, which requires the shear strength parameter of soil. Shear strength test is expensive and time consuming, hence conventional method of estimating bearing capacity is uneconomical especially for small scale projects. Dynamic cone penetrometer (DCP) is one of the simple in situ test methods widely used in site investigation for estimating the strength and density of soils. This work is, therefore, aimed at predicting bearing capacity of shallow foundations from field in situ DCP reading for fine grained soils of Asella town, Ethiopia.. The soil index properties and tri-axial tests to determine the shear strength parameters were performed on soil samples extracted from different pits. On the same pits, DCP test have been performed in the field to record D-value (mm/blow). Then regression analysis have been performed to determine relationship of allowable bearing capacity (qall) with D-value and index properties. Regression analyses results showed that qall have strong relation with D-value having coefficient of determination (R2=0.89) than index properties. The footing dimension have no effect on the predicted bearing capacity of foundation. The comparison between the developed equation and the actual qall obtained from Terzagi’s bearing capacity equation shows average variations of 11.7%, suggesting the validity of the developed equation.
description: Ethiopian Journal of Sciences and Sustainable Development, Vol 6 No 1 (2019): EJSSD
Labor Market Effects of Urban Riots: an Experimental Assessment
Creators: name: Duguet, Emmanuel
name: Gray, David
name: L'Horty, Yannick
name: Du Parquet, Loïc
name: Petit, Pascale
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: labour market discrimination
call-back rates
discrimination
urban riots

description: We propose to measure the effects of urban riots on the labour market prospects of workers residing in affected areas through the channel of labour market discrimination based on locality. We investigate the case of the French riots of 2007, which were very geographically concentrated. The town of Villiers-le-Bel is selected as the treatment unit because it received a uniquely high degree of unfavourable exposure in the media. Two other towns serve control groups: i) Sarcelles, which is contiguous to Villiers-le-Bel, has a similar socio-economic-demographic profile, and did experience some rioting activity, and ii) Enghien-les-Bains, which is considered to be economically advantaged and did not experience rioting activity. Using the technique of correspondence testing, we are able to discern disparities in call-back rates for fictitious candidates who respond to actual job postings over four dimensions: gender, ethnic origin, locality of residence (advantaged vs. disadvantaged), and the degree of media exposure during the riots. We propose a new empirical approach to measure discrimination across several dimensions that integrates a set of relevant parameters into one unified system of equations with a compact and tidy structure. We decomposed the probability of receiving a callback for any candidate of given characteristics as a function of several parameters that are evaluated through difference-in-differences estimators. We find statistically significant negative effects of a pure media exposure effect. All other factors held constant, people residing in the area which received negative publicity were 3.2 percentage points less likely to receive a callback. The group of workers who tend to be the most associated with the riots, i.e. men of North African origin (at least in terms of perceptions), are the least affected by potential discrimination by region of residence, while women of French origin are the most affected.
Completeness of derived interleaving distances and sheaf quantization of non-smooth objects
Creators: name: Asano, Tomohiro
name: Ike, Yuichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37J12, 55N31, 18G80, 35A27

description: We develop sheaf-theoretic methods to deal with non-smooth objects in symplectic geometry. We show the completeness of a derived category of sheaves with respect to the interleaving distance and construct a sheaf quantization of a Hamiltonian homeomorphism. We also develop Lusternik--Schnirelmann theory in the microlocal theory of sheaves. With these new sheaf-theoretic methods, we prove an Arnold-type theorem for the image of a compact exact Lagrangian submanifold under a Hamiltonian homeomorphism.
description: 41 pages, 1 figure. v4: Final version, published in Math. Ann
ATTITUDES AND PERCEPTIONS OF THE LOCAL COMMUNITY TOWARDS YAYO COFFEE FOREST BIOSPHERE RESERVE, ILU ABBA BORA ZONE OF OROMIA NATIONAL REGIONAL STATE
Creators: name: Getahun, Dr. Daniel
name: Keno, Etana Tadesse
Publisher: name: Ethiopian Journal of Sciences and Sustainable Development
Year: 2019

description: Yayo Coffee Forest Biosphere Reserve is part of the Afromontane rainforest in south-western Ethiopia, and it is the center of origin for the most popular wild populations of Arabica coffee (Coffee arabica). The forest was designated as UNESCO biosphere reserve to conserve coffee genetic resources and overall biodiversity of the forest. The coffee forest is, however, threatened by different factors. The major objective of the study was to collect data on attitudes and perceptions of the community towards the biosphere reserve in general and threats to it in particular. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews held with 212 (N = 1479) household heads selected randomly from 3 of the 5 gandas (ganda, in the local Afan Oromo language, is the lowest level of administrative body below district) which are considered by UNESCO as the most important transition zone in the biosphere reserve. Data were analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively using descriptive statistics. About 51 % of the respondents supported the establishment of the Biosphere Reserve. The respondents recognized the forest values like as home of wild coffee (100 %), source of fuel wood 99.6 %) and construction materials (95.7 %) and because of these values, 57.7 % of them agreed that the community has the responsibility toprotect the forest from threats. All the respondents were aware of the presence of large-scale development projects like Yayo coal mining industry and Yayo fertilizer factory which were legally established around the forest, Gaba Hydropower Dam, road construction and electric transmission line established legally inside the forest, and coffee plantation carried out illegally inside and around the forest (27 %) which have adverse effects on the biodiversity of the area if not properly managed. Ninety-one percent of the respondents mentioned that there were conflicts between the management bodies of the biosphere reserve and the local community over timber logging (100 %), charcoal production (45.1 %), expansion of coffee plantation, and gain of no benefits/incentives form the government (92.5 %). Understanding the main source of conflict is critical to the resolution of conflict. Understanding the perceptions of the local people as they relate to forest value and attitudes towards the reserve is a key to gaining a better understanding the central issue of the conflict between community development and nature reserve management.
description: Ethiopian Journal of Sciences and Sustainable Development, Vol 6 No 1 (2019): EJSSD
Analytical treatment of particle motion in circularly polarized slab-mode wave fields
Creators: name: Schreiner, Cedric
name: Vainio, Rami
name: Spanier, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82D10, 37J35, 37M05

description: Wave-particle interaction is a key process in particle diffusion in collisionless plasmas. We look into the interaction of single plasma waves with individual particles and discuss under which circumstances this is a chaotic process, leading to diffusion. We derive the equations of motion for a particle in the fields of a magnetostatic, circularly polarized, monochromatic wave and show that no chaotic particle motion can arise under such circumstances. A novel and exact analytic solution for the equations is presented. Additional plasma waves lead to a breakdown of the analytic solution and chaotic particle trajectories become possible. We demonstrate this effect by considering a linearly polarized, monochromatic wave, which can be seen as the superposition of two circularly polarized waves. Test particle simulations are provided to illustrate and expand our analytical considerations.
description: 25 pages, 7 figures
An agenda for research in large-scale distributed data repositories
Creators: name: M  Satyanarayanan
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Abstract: "Access to shared data is provided today by distributed file systems and databases. In this paper, we explore certain usage and technological trends that will radically change the way shared data is used in the future. The usage trends include the growing need to access shared data from anywhere, increasing scale, and the increasing importance of efficient search. The technology trends include the advent of portable machines, the availability of software and hardware for using diverse types of data, and the growing diversity of network speeds and capabilities. These trends induce fundamental research problems in the areas of adaptive system behavior, secure remote execution and extensibility."
Additional file 1 of Understanding the benefits and burdens associated with a malaria human infection study in Kenya: experiences of study volunteers and other stakeholders
Creators: name: Chi, Primus Che
name: Owino, Esther Awuor
name: Jao, Irene
name: Olewe, Fredrick
name: Ogutu, Bernhards
name: Bejon, Philip
name: Kapulu, Melissa
name: Kamuya, Dorcas
name: Marsh, Vicki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Data collection tools.
Simulation Study of an LWFA-based Electron Injector for AWAKE Run 2
Creators: name: Williamson, Barney
name: Xia, Guoxing
name: Doebert, Steffen
name: Karsch, Stefan
name: Muggli, Patric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The AWAKE experiment aims to demonstrate preservation of injected electron beam quality during acceleration in proton-driven plasma waves. The short bunch duration required to correctly load the wakefield is challenging to meet with the current electron injector system, given the space available to the beamline. An LWFA readily provides short-duration electron beams with sufficient charge from a compact design, and provides a scalable option for future electron acceleration experiments at AWAKE. Simulations of a shock-front injected LWFA demonstrate a 43 TW laser system would be sufficient to produce the required charge over a range of energies beyond 100 MeV. LWFA beams typically have high peak current and large divergence on exiting their native plasmas, and optimisation of bunch parameters before injection into the proton-driven wakefields is required. Compact beam transport solutions are discussed.
description: Paper submitted to NIMA proceedings for the 3rd European Advanced Accelerator Concepts Workshop. 4 pages, 3 figures, 1 table Changes after revision: Figure 2: figures 2 and 3 of the previous version collated with plots of longitudinal electric field Line 45: E_0 = 96 GV/m Lines 147- 159: evaluation of beam loading made more accurate Lines 107 - 124: discussion of simulation geometry moved
Technical Report: SPIDAL Summer REU 2020 Implementing an HDF5-based File Format Coordinate Reader into MDAnalysis
Creators: name: Jakupovic, Edis
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics
subject: 29901 Biological Physics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computer Software
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Molecular dynamics (MD) trajectory files are now commonly Terabytes in size, which comes with the negative consequence that reading the file and extracting useful data has become a bottleneck in the analysis of MD trajectories. Results in recent works have shown that a message passing interface implementation which reads an HDF5 file in parallel is a promising approach to speeding up trajectory analysis, so the goal of this project was to implement a trajectory reader class, H5MDReader, into MDAnalysis that is capable of reading an H5MD file in parallel through the parallel I/O features of an MPI library. This was done using the h5py Python package, which can handle HDF5 file objects with MPI drivers for parallel reading and writing. The parallel features of H5MDReader have not been thoroughly tested, however the serial capabilities were benchmarked by calculating the RMSD of sample trajectories versus various file formats. The results show that, in serial, H5MDReader takes a substantially longer time to read files than other formats, which requires analysis into where H5MDReader is spending time during I/O.
Better Uncertainty Calibration via Proper Scores for Classification and Beyond
Creators: name: Gruber, Sebastian G.
name: Buettner, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With model trustworthiness being crucial for sensitive real-world applications, practitioners are putting more and more focus on improving the uncertainty calibration of deep neural networks. Calibration errors are designed to quantify the reliability of probabilistic predictions but their estimators are usually biased and inconsistent. In this work, we introduce the framework of proper calibration errors, which relates every calibration error to a proper score and provides a respective upper bound with optimal estimation properties. This relationship can be used to reliably quantify the model calibration improvement. We theoretically and empirically demonstrate the shortcomings of commonly used estimators compared to our approach. Due to the wide applicability of proper scores, this gives a natural extension of recalibration beyond classification.
description: Published at NeurIPS 2022. Corrected conference version Theorem 3.1 and Proposition 3.2 since CWCE=0 does not imply TCE=0
Régimen jurídico especial de ingreso al empleo público en el departamento Archipiélago de San Andrés y Providencia y su incidencia en la función pública
Creators: name: Carreño Corpus, Josephine Edith
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cultura
subject: Densidad de población
subject: Fuerzas armadas
subject: Empleo público
subject: Meritocracia
subject: Minorías étnicas
subject: Dignidad
subject: Identidad

description: El riesgo de pérdida de la cultura del pueblo étnico raizal, minoritario en su territorio, motivó la expedición de un régimen especial para el Archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina, que incluye el ingreso al empleo público para prestar servicios en dicho territorio. En el primer capítulo, exploro los antecedentes del régimen jurídico especial de ingreso al empleo público en el Departamento, presentando un análisis de cada uno de los tres pilares de su existencia: la protección de la cultura y en especial del idioma como expresión particularmente destacada de la misma, la protección del ambiente y los recursos naturales como sustento de la vida en el archipiélago y el control de la densidad poblacional, para permitir la vida en dignidad. En el segundo capítulo, analizo los requisitos específicos de este régimen -ciertamente innovador en el sistema jurídico colombiano; la evolución de su implementación, los retos y las amenazas que se ciernen sobre él, incluyendo algunas propuestas para el cumplimiento de su propósito. Para finalizar, invito a reflexionar sobre los desafíos de la implementación de la meritocracia en países multiculturales y con pluralidad lingüística como Colombia y sus limitaciones para disminuir la enorme brecha de desigualdad existente.
description: The risk of losing the culture of the Raizal ethnic people, a minority in their territory, motivated the issuance of a special regime for the Archipelago of San Andrés, Providence and Ketlina, which includes the entry into public employment to provide services in those islands. In the first chapter, I explore the background of the special legal regime for admission to public employment in the Department, presenting an analysis of each of the three pillars of its existence: the protection of culture and especially the language as it particularly prominent expression, the protection of the environment and natural resources as sustenance of life in the archipelago and the control of population density, to allow life in dignity. In the second chapter, I analyze the specific requirements of this regime -certainly innovative in the Colombian legal system; the evolution of its implementation, the challenges and threats that hang over it, including some proposals for the fulfillment of its purpose. Finally, I invite you to reflect on the challenges of implementing meritocracy in multicultural countries with linguistic plurality such as Colombia and its limitations to reduce the enormous gap in inequality that exists.
Title: Beyond Classical AI: A Quantum Approach to Consciousness — Exploring Self-Referential Awareness and Subjective Experience in Quantum-Enhanced AI Systems
Creators: name: Lakshit Mathur
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This research paper presents a pioneering framework that integrates quantum computing, self-referential neural architectures, and emotional simulation to explore the possibility of approximating subjective experience in artificial intelligence systems. Drawing from theoretical insights into the "hard problem" of consciousness and the limitations of classical AI, the work introduces a hybrid quantum-classical architecture capable of self-reflection, quantum superposition-based decision making, and adaptive emotional responses through reinforcement learning.

Experiments using Qiskit-based quantum neural networks and advanced self-referential models demonstrate improved performance on tasks involving self-awareness, emotional adaptation, and narrative continuity — highlighting the potential role of quantum mechanics in achieving consciousness-like behavior in AI. While the mystery of subjective experience remains unsolved, this research offers a significant step toward computational models that bridge classical limitations and open new frontiers in quantum cognitive science, artificial general intelligence (AGI), and the ethics of emerging sentient machines.
El aporte del sistema general de regalías a la materialización del acuerdo de paz en materia de educación rural
Creators: name: Caballero Medina, Diego Fernando
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cultura de paz
subject: Entidades territoriales
subject: Prerrogativas reales
subject: Regalías
subject: Acuerdo de paz
subject: Educación rural
subject: Proyectos de inversión

description: Desde el origen del conflicto interno la ruralidad ha sido el principal campo de batalla, generado limitaciones y desigualdades significativas especialmente en el sector educativo, escenario que nos ha llevado a estudiar los aportes del Sistema general de Regalías como tercera fuente de financiación más importante en la materialización del Acuerdo de Paz, y, por ende, en lo acordado frente a la educación rural. Así pues, se iniciará con las definiciones generales acerca del Sistema General de Regalías y su funcionamiento, pasando por un análisis sobre el AcucnJo de Poz y las responsabilidades que se desprenden del mismo, para luego adentramos en los compromisos frente n la Educación rural, y finalmente, determinar el aporte de los recursos del Sistema General de Regaifas en materia de Educación Rural en nuestro país.
Phase behaviour of active particles in block copolymer melts
Creators: name: Diaz, Javier
name: Pagonabarraga, Ignacio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Block copolymer melts offer a unique template to control the position and alignment of nanoparticles due to their ability to self-assemble into periodic ordered structures. Active Brownian particles are shown to co-assemble with block copolymers leading to emergent organised structures. The block copolymer acts as a soft confinement that can control the self-propulsion of the active Brownian particles, both for interface-segregated and selective nanoparticles. At moderate activity regimes, active Brownian particles can form organised structures such as polarised trains or rotating vortexes. At high activity, the contrast in the polymeric and colloidal time scales can lead to particle swarms with distorted block copolymer morphology, due to the competition between the polymeric self-assembly and the active Brownian self-propulsion.