cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An Experimental Analysis of Nash Refinements in Signaling Games
Creators: name: Banks, Jeffrey S.
name: Camerer, Colin F.
name: Porter, David
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1990
Subjects: Game Theory, Nash Refinements, Experimental Economics, Signaling Games

description: This paper investigates the refinements of Nash equilibrium in two person signaling game experiments. The experimental games cover the watershed of the nested refinements: Bayes-Nash, Sequential, Intuitive, Divine, Universally Divine, NWBR, and Stabel. In each game an equilibrium selection problem is defined in which adjacent refinements are considered.
The pattern of outcomes suggest that individuals select the more refined equilibria up to the divinity concept. However, an anomaly occurs in the game in which the stable equilibrium is a clear preference among the subjects. Since the concepts are nested this suggests that the outcomes are game specific. Sender behavior does not seem to follow any specific decision rule (e.g., Nash, minmax, PIR, etc.) while receiver actions tend to correspond to the Nash equilibrium outcomes.
description: We are indebted to Mark Olson for help in statistical analysis and programming. Audiences at Washington University, University of Arizona, University of Houston, and University of Pennsylvania provided helpful comments. This research was partially funded by the Wharton Risk and Decision Processes Center. Support for the second author was provided by the National Science Foundation (SES 87-08566).

Published as Banks, Jeffrey and Camerer, Colin and Porter, David (1994) An Experimental Analysis of Nash Refinements in Signaling Games. Games and Economic Behavior, 6 (1). pp. 1-31.
description: Submitted - sswp740.pdf
Indole derivates, pharmaceutical compositions containing such indoles and their use as DNA methylation modulators.
Creators: name: Cossío, F.
name: Vara, Y.
name: Masdeu, C.
name: Alcalá, M.
name: Villafruela, S.
name: Otaegui, D.
name: Aldaba, E.
name: San Sebastián, E.
name: Zubia, A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013

description: This patent describes new compounds derived from polysubstituted indole rings, their preparation and pharmaceutical compositions. Such compounds are inhibitors of DNA methylation, which makes them useful in the prevention and treatment of diseases associated with aberrant DNA methylation, such as cancer, haematological diseases, proliferative diseases, genetic diseases, neurological and immunological disorders.
description: The main objective of this patent is the development of new epigenetic therapies for the treatment of cancer, based on the design and synthesis of new non-covalent DNMT inhibitors. These molecules, as they are not incorporated into DNA, would have low toxicity compared to currently approved drugs (azacitidine and decitabine).
Psammotis Hubner 1825
Creators: name: Shin, Bora
name: Choi, Sei-Woong
name: Kim, Sung-Soo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Crambidae
Psammotis

description: Genus Psammotis Hübner, 1825
Type species: Pyralis pulveralis Hübner, 1796
= Lemia Duponchel, 1845 (type species: Pyralis pulveralis Hübner, 1796)
description: Published as part of Shin, Bora, Choi, Sei-Woong & Kim, Sung-Soo, 2022, Fourteen new records of Crambidae (Lepidoptera) from South Korea, pp. 513-534 in Zootaxa 5159 (4) on page 517, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/6786069
Enantiopure tetrasubstituted pyrrolidines as scaffolds for proteasome inhibitors and medicinal applications thereof.
Creators: name: Cossio, F.
name: Retamosa, M.G.
name: Larumbe, A.
name: Zubia, A.
name: Bello, T.
name: Vara, Y.
name: Masdeu, C.
name: Aldaba, E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: The present invention describes enantiopure compounds derived from tetrasubstituted 2-carboxypyrrolidines, their method of preparation, their pharmaceutical compositions and their use as proteasome inhibitors and therapeutic agents to prevent and treat diseases such as cancer, autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative diseases and viral infections.
description: The main objective of this patent is the design and synthesis of new chemical entities capable of inhibiting cancer development by inhibiting the proteasome (non-epigenetic target). It should be noted that synergies have been seen between epigenetic inhibitors, such as HDAC inhibitors (vorinostat), and non-epigenetic proteasome inhibitors (bortezomib). This new line of research, the development of new proteasome inhibitors, would allow the combined use of HDAC inhibitors developed in-house with these new pharmaceutical entities.
Anania Hubner 1823
Creators: name: Shin, Bora
name: Choi, Sei-Woong
name: Kim, Sung-Soo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Crambidae
Anania

description: Genus Anania Hübner, 1823
Type species: Pyralis guttalis Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775
= Algedonia Lederer, 1863 (type species: Pyralis luctualis Hübner, 1796)
= Mutuuraia Munroe, 1976 (type species: Botys terrealis Treitschke, 1829)
= Nealgedonia Munroe, 1976 (type species: Botys extricalis Guenée, 1854)
= Ametasia Martin, 1986 (type species: Metasia ochrofascialis Christoph, 1882)
= Ebulea Doubleday, 1849 (type species: Pyralis crocealis Hübner, 1796)
= Ennychia Treitschke, 1828 (type species: Phalaena octomaculata Linnaeus, 1771)
= Ethiobotys Maes, 1997 (type species: Lamprosema bryalis Hampson, 1918)
= Eurrhypara Hübner, 1825 (type species: Phalaena urticata Linnaeus, 1761)
= Palpita Hübner, 1806 (type species: Pyralis urticalis Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)
= Proteurrhypara Munroe & Mutuura, 1969 (type species: Opsibotys ocellalis Warren, 1892)
= Opsibotys Warren, 1890 (type species: Pyralis fuscalis Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)
= Perinephela Hübner, 1825 (type species: Pyralis lancealis Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)
= Phlyctaenia Hübner, 1825 (type species: Pyralis sambucalis Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)
= Pronomis Munroe & Mutuura, 1968 (type species: Pyrausta delicatalis South, 1901)
= Tenerobotys Munroe & Mutuura, 1971 (type species: Hapalia teneralis Caradja, 1939)
= Trichovalva Amsel, 1956 (type species: Trichovalva ledereri Amsel, 1956)
= Udonomeiga Mutuura, 1954 (type species: Pyrausta vicinalis South, 1901)
description: Published as part of Shin, Bora, Choi, Sei-Woong & Kim, Sung-Soo, 2022, Fourteen new records of Crambidae (Lepidoptera) from South Korea, pp. 513-534 in Zootaxa 5159 (4) on page 518, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/6786069
Industrial Blackmail of Local Governments
Creators: name: King, Ian
name: McAfee, R. Preston
name: Welling, Linda
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1990

description: A dynamic model of inter-governmental competition for investment is presented, where the investment represents a potentially large source of tax revenue for the local governments, and the local productivity of investment is uncertain. A single firm decides where to locate its new plant in each period by conducting an auction, soliciting bids from the local governments. Equilibrium subsidies from the local governments are derived, as well as conditions under which the firm will switch locations between periods.
A second issue addressed in this paper is local government strategic investment in infrastructure. We consider a two-stage game in which local governments first choose a level of infrastructure (which is costly to build), then participate in the sequential auction described above. It is shown that, even if the costs of building the infrastructure are the same in each location, in equilibrium the local governments will choose different levels of infrastructure and the region which chooses the highest level will be better off. Moreover, when the level of infrastructure is endogenous in the manner described, federally administered programs designed to increase the level of infrastructure in the less attractive region will make the firm strictly better off, without necessarily increasing the payoffs to either of the two local governments.
description: Submitted - sswp739.pdf
A Game-Theoretic Interpretation of Sun Tzu's the Art of War
Creators: name: Niou, Emerson M. S.
name: Ordeshook, Peter C.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1990
Subjects: Game theory, Military strategy, Circular logic, War, Chess, Mixed strategy, Soul, Nash equilibrium, Reasoning, Expected values

description: Over twenty five hundred years ago the Chinese scholar Sun Tzu, in The Art of War, attempted to codify the general strategic character of conflict and, in the process, offer practical advice about how to win military conflicts. His advice is credited with having greatly influenced both Japanese military and business practices, as well as Mao Tse-Tung's approach to conflict and revolution. The question, however, is whether or to what extent Sun Tzu anticipated the implications of the contemporary theory of conflict -- game theory. The thesis of this essay is that he can be credited with having anticipated the concepts of dominant, minmax, and mixed strategies, but that he failed to intuit the full implications of the notion of equilibrium strategies. Thus, while he offers a partial resolution of "he-thinks-that-I-think" regresses, his advice remains vulnerable to a more complete strategic analysis.
description: This research was supported by NSF grant #SES-8822308 to Duke University and NSF grant #SES-8922262 to the California Institute of Technology

Published as Niou, Emerson MS, and Peter C. Ordeshook. "A Game-Theoretic Interpretation of Sun Tzu's: The Art of War." Journal of Peace Research 31, no. 2 (1994): 161-174.
description: Submitted - sswp738.pdf
Fictitious Play: A Statistical Study of Multiple Economic Experiments
Creators: name: Boylan, Richard T.
name: El-Gamal, Mahmoud
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1990

description: This paper illustrates the use of a full Bayesian procedure to update an experimenter's belief over various economic behavioral hypotheses using data from a variety of (potentially very different) experiments. Our example uses experimental data to update our belief as to whether individuals select strategies according to fictitious play. We endow the experimenter with priors over the events that players act according to fictitious play and according to the Cournot process. We then numerically compute the likelihood function for each experiment by replicating the experimental design and running the experiment with robots that behave according to each of our hypotheses. Updating experiment by experiment shows that some of the experiments favor Cournot, but most of them favor fictitious play as the more likely hypothesis. This illustrates the limitations of a classical procedure that can take only one experiment into consideration since some of the experiments may be misleading. Indeed, when we did the overall updating using 9 experiments, we found that, for any priors, the overall posterior put probability very close to one on the individuals acting according to fictitious play. Given the heterogeneity in the payoffs and design of the experiments that we combine for that overall posterior, it is clear that there is no classical procedure that would offer the same type of information.
description: The authors thank Robert Forsythe and Gary Miller for making their data available.

Published as Boylan, Richard T., and Mahmoud A. El-Gamal. "Fictitious play: A statistical study of multiple economic experiments." Games and Economic Behavior 5, no. 2 (1993): 205-222.
description: Submitted - sswp737.pdf
THE PLACE OF YOUTH IN THE SOCIAL AND POLITICAL LIFE OF SOCIETY AND THE OPPORTUNITIES PROVIDED TO THEM
Creators: name: Khudoykulova Shahzoda Sherali qizi, 1st year student at the Faculty of History, Karshi State University.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This article discusses the attention and opportunities that our state is paying to women, young people with disabilities, and the population in need of social protection so that the youth of our society can grow up to be healthy, educated, diligent, and independent-thinking adults.

Keywords: Society, youth, neighborhood, state, gender equality, government, women, leaders
Bayesian Economists...Bayesian Agents II: Evolution of Beliefs in the Single Sector Growth Model
Creators: name: El-gamal, Mahmoud A.
name: Sudaram, Rangarajan K.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1990

description: In "Bayesian Economists ... Bayesian Agents I" (BBI), we generalized the results on Bayesian learning based on the martingale convergence theorem from the repeated to the sequential framework. In BBI, we showed that the variability introduced by the sequential framework is sufficient under very mild identifiability conditions to circumvent the incomplete learning results that characterize the literature. In this paper, we demonstrate that result in the neo-classical single sector growth model under even weaker identifiability conditions. We study the evolution of agent-beliefs in that model and show that, under reasonable conditions, the dependence of the current capital stock on the previous capital stock induces enough variability for our complete learning results to become relevant. Not only does complete learning take place from the subjective point of view of the agents' priors, but it also takes place from the point of view of an objective observer (modeling economist) who knows the true structure.
description: Submitted - sswp736.pdf
Ecpyrrhorrhoe Hubner 1825
Creators: name: Shin, Bora
name: Choi, Sei-Woong
name: Kim, Sung-Soo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Crambidae
Ecpyrrhorrhoe

description: Genus Ecpyrrhorrhoe Hübner, 1825: 356
Type species: Pyralis rubiginalis Hübner, 1796
= Harpadispar Agenjo, 1952 (type species: Botys diffusalis Guenée, 1854)
= Pyraustegia Marion, 1963 (type species: Botys diffusalis Guenée, 1854)
= Yezobotys Munroe & Mutuura, 1969 (type species: Yezobotys ainualis Munroe & Mutuura, 1969)
description: Published as part of Shin, Bora, Choi, Sei-Woong & Kim, Sung-Soo, 2022, Fourteen new records of Crambidae (Lepidoptera) from South Korea, pp. 513-534 in Zootaxa 5159 (4) on page 521, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/6786069
title: BEVAST-EWL - Skala zu studentischen Besorgtheits-, Vermeidungs- und Aufgeregtheitskognitionen bezüglich statistischer Anforderungen in erziehungswissenschaftlichen Lehr-Lern-Kontexten
title: Scale for Measuring Education Science Students' Worry, Avoidance, and Emotionality Cognitions Encountering Statistical Demands
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Faber, G.
name: Drexler, H.
name: Stappert, A.
Publisher: name: ZPID (Leibniz Institute for Psychology Information) – Testarchiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Klassische Testtheorie
subject: Fragebögen
subject: Rating-Skalen
subject: Persönlichkeitstests
subject: Pädagogisches Testen
subject: Leistungsangst
subject: Leistung (Schule und Hochschule)
subject: Studierende
subject: Hochschulausbildung
subject: Statistik
subject: Erwachsenenalter
subject: Classical Test Theory
subject: Questionnaires
subject: Rating Scales
subject: Personality Measures
subject: Educational Measurement
subject: Performance Anxiety
subject: Academic Achievement
subject: Graduate Students
subject: Higher Education
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Adulthood
subject: 150

description: Die Skala soll das von Studierenden realisierte Ausmaß an subjektiver Besorgtheit und Aufgeregtheit, ebenso an entsprechenden Vermeidungstendenzen im Hinblick auf die Bewältigung statistischer Anforderungen im Kontext erziehungswissenschaftlicher Lehr-Lernkontexte erfassen. Sie setzt sich aus 17 vierstufigen Schätzitems zusammen. Reliabilität: Die interne Konsistenz (Cronbachs Alpha) fiel für diese Skala in beiden Untersuchungsstichproben zureichend aus (Alpha = .49-.76). Validität: Die Beziehungen der Skala zu ausgewählt herangezogenen Leistungsmaßen und kognitiv-motivationalen Bezugsvariablen fielen konzeptuell erwartungsgemäß aus. Dabei fand sich lediglich ein geringfügiger Zusammenhang mit dem verbalen Selbstkonzept der Studierenden, was einstweilen für den domänespezifischen Messanspruch der Skala spricht.
Marasmius yunnanensis Q. Y. Zhang, J. Si & H. J. Li 2023, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Zhang, Qiu-Yue
name: Si, Jing
name: Li, Hai-Jiao
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Agaricomycetes
Agaricales
Marasmiaceae
Marasmius
Marasmius yunnanensis

description: Marasmius yunnanensis Q.Y. Zhang, J. Si & H.J. Li, sp. nov. (Figs. 2–3)
MycoBank no.:—846815
Etymology:— yunnanensis (Lat.): refers to the type locality of Yunnan Province, southwest China.
Habitat and distribution:—gregarious on fallen angiosperm branch in tropical forest.
Diagnosis:—Differs from other Marasmius species by the tiny basidiomata, sessile or short, inconspicuous stipe, and interwoven and anastomosing to subreticulate lamellae.
Type:— CHINA. Yunnan Province: Honghe, Pingbian County, Daweishan Natural Forest Park, on fallen angiosperm branch, 26 June 2019, Dai 19782 (holotype, BJFC 031457).
Description:— Basidiomata annual, gregarious. Pileus conchoidal, reniform to semicircular, 1.6–2.4 mm in diameter, convex to applanate; pileal surface cinnamon to cream when fresh, becoming clay-buff upon drying, dry, dull, striate to sulcate, minutely pruinose; context concolorous with pileal surface, thin. Hymenophore concolorous with pileal surface, lamellate; lamellae adnexed, interwoven and anastomosing to subreticulate, irregularly convex, collarium complete, distinct to indistinct in sessile basidiomata, incomplete, distinct in stipitate basidiomata; lamellae surface powdery. Stipe none, or short and inconspicuous. Odor and taste not distinctive.
Basidiospores (7.2–)8–10 × 5–6.2(–6.3) μm, L = 8.80 μm, W = 5.83 μm, Q = 1.50–1.52 (n = 60/2), ellipsoid, hyaline, thin-walled, smooth, with some guttules, IKI–, CB–. Basidia 24–30 × 6–8 µm, clavate, with a few guttules, 2(–4)-spored, sterigmata 1–2 μm long; basidioles numerous, lanceolate to clavate. Cheilocystidia abundant, of two types, the first type dominant, 12–30 × 8–16 µm, as Rotalis - type broom cells, slightly thick-walled, broadly clavate to pyriform, or turbinate, or irregular, with abundant apical diverticula, often wart-like, some short and digitiform, 1–2 × 0.5–1 μm; the other type, 9–32 × 6–10 µm, smooth, slightly thick-walled, clavate to pyriform. Pleurocystidia not observed. Pileipellis composed of a hymeniform layer of smooth or Rotalis - type broom cells; terminal cells 19–40 × 12–20 μm, in shape similar to cheilocystidia, oriented perpendicular to pileal surface. Hymenophoral tramal hyphae subparallel, hyaline, some partly swollen, thin-walled, 3–7 μm in diameter. Clamp connections present in all tissues. Trama, stipe medulla and stipitipellis hyphae are slightly dextrinoid.
Additional specimen examined (paratype):— CHINA. Yunnan Province: Honghe, Pingbian County, Daweishan Natural Forest Park, on fallen angiosperm branch, 26 June 2019, Dai 19857 (BJFC 031532).
description: Published as part of Zhang, Qiu-Yue, Si, Jing & Li, Hai-Jiao, 2023, A new Marasmius species (Agaricales, Marasmiaceae) with sessile basidiomata growing on wood, from Yunnan, China, pp. 169-179 in Phytotaxa 578 (2) on pages 175-176, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.578.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/7517848
Bargaining Costs and Failures in the Sealed-Bid Double Auction
Creators: name: Porter, David
name: Rosenthal, Jean-Laurent
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1990

description: This paper analyzes bilateral bargaining in the sealed-bid double auction with bargaining costs. There exists a multiplicity of equilibria to this game, all of which have unsatisfactory properties. Since anything seems possible, we focus on the completely mixed strategy equilibria (C.M.S.) but find that such equilibria require that the negotiator with the higher bargaining cost receive higher profits. Allowing the bargaining process to be dynamic does not entirely solve the problem because the offers in the dynamic game can demonstrate chaotic behavior. Moreover when failure costs are low there exist many infinite horizon C.M.S. equilibria. One feature of the C.M.S equilibrium is the existence of a significant probability of delay which is consistent with e1npirical reality. Finally if there is asymmetric information over bargaining costs, the negotiator with the higher bargaining costs obtains lower profits. Thus, asymmetric cost information leads to more plausible properties for most bargaining equilibria.
description: Submitted - sswp733.pdf
Deacetylase inhibitors on derivates of tricyclic N-alkyl polyhydroacridin-9-amines and analogs possessing fused saturated five- and seven-membered rings.
Creators: name: Cossio, F.
name: Vara Y.
name: Masdeu, C.
name: Alcalá, M.
name: Villafruela, S.
name: Otaegui, D.
name: Aldaba, E.
name: Zubia, A.
name: San Sebastián, E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014

description: This patent describes new tricyclic compounds derived from 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine and its analogues, for use as histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, their method of preparation, their pharmaceutical compositions and their use for the treatment and prevention of haematological cancer, proliferative diseases, neurological and immunological disorders.
description: The main objective of this patent is the development of new tetrahydroacridine derivatives as HDAC inhibitors. Specifically, the study of the combinations of the different ‘CAP’ building blocks, spacers and chelating groups, and their influence on activity, since the combinations of these components cannot a priori be predicted in terms of potency and selectivity with respect to the different isoforms. In reality, most of the HDACi described so far are pan-inhibitors, which may generate unwanted side effects.
Equilibria Resistant to Mutation
Creators: name: Boylan, Richard T.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1990

description: The paper requires that equilibrium behavior for two person symmetric games be resistant to genetic evolution. In particular the paper assumes that the evolution of genotypes selecting a behavioral rule can be described according to some generalization of the replicator model. This paper defines an equilibrium concept, 'evolutionary equilibrium', which is defined as the limit of stationary points of the evolutionary process as the proportion of the population that mutates goes to zero. Then the set of evolutionary equilibria, as defined in the paper, is a nonempty subset of the set of perfect equilibria (and thus of the set of Nash equilibria) and a superset of the set of regular equilibria and the set of ESS.
description: The author thanks Richard McKelvey for helpful comments and many enlightening discussions. Comments by Kim Border and George Mailath on earlier drafts were also helpful. Financial support provided by the John Randolph Haynes and Dora Haynes Fellowship and the Alfred P. Sloan Dissertation Fellowship is duly appreciated.
description: Submitted - sswp729.pdf
Organizational Diseconomies of Scale
Creators: name: McAfee, R. Preston
name: McMillan, John
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1990

description: This paper models strategic behavior within firms. The principal (e.g., the firm's owner) is handicapped by not knowing as much about the firm's capabilities as the agent(s) (e.g., the manager). The agent can extract some rents from his private information. The principal can retrieve some of these rents at the expense of introducing a distortion, paying the agent less than the full value of his marginal product. As a result the firm operates inefficiently. The degree of this inefficiency varies with demand elasticity and with the length of the firm's managerial hierarchy. The costs of operating the hierarchy create a limit to the size of the firm.
description: We thank Bengt Holmstrllm, Hideshi Itoh, Eric Rasmussen, Michael Rothschild, and seminar participants at Berkeley, Columbia, UCLA, UCSD, Yale, and the Decentralization Conference at Caltech for useful comments.

Published as McAfee, R. Preston, and John McMillan. "Organizational diseconomies of scale." Journal of Economics & Management Strategy 4, no. 3 (1995): 399-426.
description: Submitted - sswp728.pdf
A Stone-Weierstrass Theorem without Closure under Suprema
Creators: name: McAfee, R. Preston
name: Reny, Philip J.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1990

description: For a compact metric space X, consider a linear subspace A of C (X) containing the constant functions. One version of the Stone-Weierstrass theorem states that, if A separates points, then the closure of A under both minima and maxima is dense in C (X). Similarly, by the Hahn-Banach theorem, if A separates probability measures, A is dense in C (X). We show that if A separates points from probability measures, then the closure of A under minima is dense in C (X). This theorem has applications in Economic Theory.
description: The authors gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Charalambos Aliprantis in the preparation of this paper.

Published as McAfee, R. Preston, and Philip J. Reny. "A Stone-Weierstrass theorem without closure under suprema." Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society 114, no. 1 (1992): 61-67.
description: Submitted - sswp727.pdf
Cinnamomum phoebe Doweld 2016, nom. nov.
Creators: name: Doweld, Alexander B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Laurales
Lauraceae
Cinnamomum
Cinnamomum phoebe

description: Cinnamomum phoebe Doweld, nom. nov.
Basionym:— Phoebe elongata Nees (1836: 116).
Replaced synonym:— Cinnamomum elongatum (Nees) Kostermans (1961: 21), nom. illeg., non Saporta (1889: 32) nec Usnadze (1949: 285, 303), nom. illeg.
Type (lectotype designated by Imchanitzkaja 1974: 205):—LESSER ANTILLES. “ India occidentalis”, Vahl in Willdenow 7780, fol. 1 (B!).
description: Published as part of Doweld, Alexander B., 2016, Cinnamomum phoebe, a new name for the extant C. elongatum (Lauraceae), pp. 190-192 in Phytotaxa 243 (2) on page 191, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.243.2.11, http://zenodo.org/record/13680797
Bidding Rings
Creators: name: McAfee, R. Preston
name: McMillan, John
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1990
Subjects: Cartels, Auctions, Bidding, Collusion, Profitability theory, Economic theory, Price efficiency, Transfer payments, Economic value, Valuation

description: We characterize coordinated bidding strategies in two cases: a weak cartel, in which the bidders cannot make side-payments; and a strong cartel, in which the cartel members can exclude new entrants and can make transfer payments. The weak cartel can do no better than have its members submit identical bids. The strong cartel in effect reauctions the good among the cartel members.
description: Revised version. Original dated to December 1989

Published as McAfee, R. Preston, and John McMillan. "Bidding rings." The American Economic Review (1992): 579-599.
description: Submitted - sswp726.pdf
Colilodion tetramerus Lobl 1998
Creators: name: Yin, Zi-Wei
name: Song, Xiao-Bin
name: Chen, Jia-Wei
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Colilodion
Colilodion tetramerus

description: Colilodion tetramerus Löbl, 1998 (Fig. 1)
Colilodion tetramerus Löbl, 1998: 467. Type locality: China, Hainan, Ba Wang Ling N. R., 1000 m.
Material examined. 1 ex., ‘ China: Hainan, Lingshui Co., Diaoluoshan N. R., 18°43’39”N, 109°51’55”E, 950 m, 5.viii.2023, leaf litter, Berlese funnel, Xiao-Bin Song leg., [DZẾBƔƜ]’ (SNUC).
Comments. The specimen (Fig. 1A) is undoubtedly conspecific with the population of Bawanglin based on the identical four-segmented antennae, large sensilla of the antennomeres 4 (Fig. 1B), and remaining external characters. The only other species showing a similar morphology is C. thienmu Nomura & Sugaya from central Vietnam, which also has four segments on each antenna. However, the latter species has more rounded lateral margins of the head, the antennomeres 4 are much more curved near the bases, and the apical sensilla of antennomeres 4 are much less pronounced.
Distribution. Southern China: Hainan (Fig. 1C).
description: Published as part of Yin, Zi-Wei, Song, Xiao-Bin & Chen, Jia-Wei, 2023, A second specimen of Colilodion tetramerus Löbl (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae), pp. 393-394 in Zootaxa 5353 (4) on pages 393-394, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5353.4.6, http://zenodo.org/record/8430810
Haritalodes Warren 1890
Creators: name: Shin, Bora
name: Choi, Sei-Woong
name: Kim, Sung-Soo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Crambidae
Haritalodes

description: Genus Haritalodes Warren, 1890
Type species: Botys multilinealis Guenée, 1854
description: Published as part of Shin, Bora, Choi, Sei-Woong & Kim, Sung-Soo, 2022, Fourteen new records of Crambidae (Lepidoptera) from South Korea, pp. 513-534 in Zootaxa 5159 (4) on page 523, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/6786069
Verschiedene Maßnahmen zum Wassermanagement in der Forst- und Landwirtschaft
Creators: name: Hillmann, Martin
name: Fricke, Ekkehard
Publisher: name: Universität Hamburg
Year: 2024
Subjects: Forests
groundwater balance
water quality
major consumers of water
hardwood-dominated forest conversion
limiting growth factor for agricultural crops
irrigation water is increasing

description: Forests have a positive effect on the groundwater balance and the water quality of a region. However, forests are also major consumers of water. The quantity and quality of groundwater and surface water can be positively influenced by the increased conversion of coniferous stands.  Measurements in combination with simulations prove the influence of hardwood-dominated forest conversion on the seepage water quantity and quality of forest stands. These measures can only have a targeted effect if the hydrogeological conditions at the site are known. Water is increasingly a limiting growth factor for agricultural crops. Irrigation of agricultural crops has become increasingly important in recent years. In addition to increasing the yield, the quality of the products is ensured and the production risk of repeated dry phases during the vegetation period is countered. With climate change, the demand for irrigation water is increasing and must be ensured with various measures.
Seniority in Legislatures
Creators: name: McKelvey, Richard D.
name: Reizman, Raymond G.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1990
Subjects: Seniority, Legislators, Voting, Legislatures, Nash equilibrium, Incumbents, Voting behavior, Stochastic games, Legislative districts

description: We construct a stochastic game model of a legislature with an endogenously determined seniority system. We model the behavior of the legislators as well as their constituents in an infinitely repeated divide the dollar game. Each legislative session must make a decision on redistributional issues, modeled as a divide the dollar game. However, each session begins with a vote in which the legislators decide, by majority rule, whether or not to impose on themselves a seniority system. Legislative decisions on the redistributional issues are made by the Baron-Ferejohn rule: an agenda setter is selected by a random recognition rule (which in our model is a function of the seniority system selected), the agenda setter makes a proposal on redistributional issues, and the legislature then votes whether to accept or reject the agenda setters proposal. If the legislature rejects the proposal, another agenda setter is randomly selected, and the process is repeated. If the legislature accepts the proposal, the legislative session ends, and the voters in each legislative district vote whether to retain their legislator or throw it out of office. The voters' verdict determines the seniority structure of the next period legislature. We find a stationary equilibrium to the game having the property that the legislature imposes on itself a non trivial seniority system, and that legislators are always reelected.
description: This paper was funded, in part by NSF Grant #SES-864348 to the California Institute of Technology. We thank Ken Shepsle for useful comments on an earlier draft.
description: Submitted - sswp725.pdf
Testing Bayes Rule and the Representativeness Heuristic: Some Experimental Evidence
Creators: name: Grether, David M.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1990

description: The psychological literature has identified a number of heuristics which individuals may use in making judgments or choices under uncertainty. Mathematically equivalent problems may be treated differently depending upon details of the decision setting (Gigerenzer et al. (1988), Hinz et al. (1988), Birnbaum and Mellers (1983), Ginossar and Trope (1987)) or upon how the decisions are framed (Tversky and Kahneman (1986)). The results presented in this paper are consistent with those findings and are unsettling. In equivalent problems subjects appear to adopt different strategies in response to observing different data. All problems were inference problems about populations represented by bingo cages and all randomization was operational and observed by the subjects. Thus one cannot explain the change of decision strategy by appeal to changing reference points nor should difference between surface and deep structure of problems apply (Wagenaar et al. (1988)). A striking observation from the experiments is the result of employing financial incentives. Some experiments included financial incentives for accuracy and some did not. In the latter experiments the number of nonsense or incoherent responses increased by a factor of three. The majority of subjects in both treatments behaved reasonably, but of those lacking financial incentives a larger proportion gave obviously absurd responses. This suggests that data from decision experiments in which no financial incentives were should be treated as possibly contaminated and statistical methods robust against outliers employed.
description: Support of the National Science Foundation is gratefully acknowledged. The author thanks several colleagues especially Charles R. Plott for helpful comments.

Published as Grether, David M. "Testing Bayes rule and the representativeness heuristic: Some experimental evidence." Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 17, no. 1 (1992): 31-57.
description: Submitted - sswp724.pdf
Addressing water scarcity in Afghanistan through an enhanced information generation system
Creators: name: Vogt, Marie-Louise
name: Singh, Shivanarain
name: Matta, Jay
name: Habib, Habiburahman
name: Porteaud, Dominique
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2025

description: This record contains an extended abstract and MP4 presentation. Presented at the 43rd WEDC International Conference
Voter Preference for Trade Policy Instruments
Creators: name: Mayer, Wolfgang
name: Reizman, Raymond G.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1990

description: We analyze voter preferences for tariffs and production subsidies. The distribution of tax revenues argument shows that voters with high direct tax burdens prefer tariffs to subsidies. The uncertainty argument demonstrates that if actual tariff and subsidy rates are chosen from the set of individually optimal rates then the range of tariff rates is smaller than the range of subsidy rates. Thus, tariffs might be preferred even though they are less efficient. Finally, the large country argument shows that if a country is large then voters whose income shares decline with more protection prefer tariffs to subsidies.
description: Comments by Jagdish Bhagwati, Dani Rodrick, and participants in the Columbia Conference on Political Economy and International Economics, as well as by Costas Syropoulos and seminar participants at Pennsylvania State University and the University of Western Ontario are greatly appreciated.

Published as Mayer, Wolfgang, and Raymond Riezman. "Voter preferences for trade policy instruments." Economics & Politics 2, no. 3 (1990): 259-273.
description: Submitted - sswp722.pdf
Scoparia Haworth 1811
Creators: name: Shin, Bora
name: Choi, Sei-Woong
name: Kim, Sung-Soo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Crambidae
Scoparia

description: Genus Scoparia Haworth, 1811
Type species: Tinea pyralella Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775
= Caradjaina Leraut, 1986 (type species: Scoparia ambigualis kwangtungialis Caradja, 1925)
= Cholius Guenée, 1845 (type species: Pyralis ochrealis Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)
= Eudorea Curtis, 1827 (type species: Tinea pyralella Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)
= Sineudonia Leraut, 1986 (type species: Sineudonia brunnea Leraut, 1986)
= Tetraprosopus Butler, 1882 (type species: Tetraprosopus meyrickii Butler, 1882)
= Xeroscopa Meyrick, 1884 (type species: Scoparia ejuncida Knaggs, 1867)
description: Published as part of Shin, Bora, Choi, Sei-Woong & Kim, Sung-Soo, 2022, Fourteen new records of Crambidae (Lepidoptera) from South Korea, pp. 513-534 in Zootaxa 5159 (4) on page 522, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/6786069
Dynamic Tariffs with Asymmetric Information
Creators: name: Reizman, Raymond G.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1990

description: Recent work in game theory has demonstrated how cooperative outcomes can be sustained when the game is played repeatedly, defectors are punished, but agents play non-cooperatively. This methodology is applied here to determine when two countries can sustain freer trade given that they determine trade policies non-cooperatively.
We focus on the role of asymmetric information. Countries have private information about the extent of their own protection, but the overall level of protection can be thought of as private information. Therefore, any agreement to eliminate or reduce tariffs is limited by the fact that countries can cheat on the agreement by using non-observable forms of protection.
Using import trigger strategies, cooperation (in the form of low tariffs) can be supported. There a.re periodic reversionary (high tariff) episodes which necessarily occur. They are not the result of mistakes, attempted manipulation, or misperception. Neither country cheats on the low tariff agreement, but reversions to high tariffs are triggered by the random variable.
In section V we examine a slightly different trigger strategy. Countries' strategies are based on their observations of the terms of trade. This alteration changes the results and in this case cooperation does not occur.
description: I thank Pat Conway, Russell Cooper, Avinash Dixit, James Friedman, Howard Gruenspecht, John Kennan, Ramon Marimon, Doug McManus, Roger Myerson, Rob Porter, Jennifer Reinganum, participants at the Mid-West International Economics Group meetings, the University of Western Ontario, and two anonymous referees for helpful comments and suggestions.

Published as Riezman, Raymond. "Dynamic tariffs with asymmetric information." Journal of International Economics 30, no. 3-4 (1991): 267-283.
description: Submitted - sswp720.pdf
Worldwide Persistence, Business Cycles, and Economic Growth
Creators: name: Reizman, Raymond G.
name: Whiteman, Charles H.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1990

description: We study the time series properties of aggregate data drawn from the Penn World Tables using numerical Bayesian procedures which facilitate inference with small samples. We find substantial persistence in world aggregates, and some evidence for a world business cycle. Across economies, there is great dispersion in our measure of persistence of shocks to real gross domestic product. That we also find no evidence of a relationship between growth and persistence sheds light on which of two competing models of endogenous growth is likely to be able to explain the PWT data.
description: We thank Patty Brislin for helping us organize the PWT4 data.
description: Submitted - sswp719.pdf
Notarcha Meyrick 1884
Creators: name: Shin, Bora
name: Choi, Sei-Woong
name: Kim, Sung-Soo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Crambidae
Notarcha

description: Genus Notarcha Meyrick, 1884
Type species: Zebronia cassusalis Walker, 1859
= Haritala Moore, 1886 (type species: Zebronia cassusalis Walker, 1859)
description: Published as part of Shin, Bora, Choi, Sei-Woong & Kim, Sung-Soo, 2022, Fourteen new records of Crambidae (Lepidoptera) from South Korea, pp. 513-534 in Zootaxa 5159 (4) on page 525, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/6786069
Justifying Minority Preferences in Broadcasting
Creators: name: Spitzer, Matthew L.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1990

description: [No abstract]
description: Revised version. Original dated to January 1990.

I received valuable help from Antoinette Cook, Wilhelmina Cooke, Erwin Chemerinsky, Richard Craswell, Gary W. Cox, David Haddock, Thomas Hazlett, Margaret Radin, Florence Setzer, Pablo Spiller, and all of the participants at workshops on this paper at the University of Chicago Law and Economics Workshop, The Hoover Institute, The University of Illinois Department of Economics, Yale University School of Organization and Management, and the 1989 Telecommunications Policy Research Conference.

Published as Spitzer, Matthew L. "Justifying minority preferences in broadcasting." Southern California Law Review 64 (1990): 293-361.
description: Submitted - sswp718.pdf
Nagiella Munroe 1976
Creators: name: Shin, Bora
name: Choi, Sei-Woong
name: Kim, Sung-Soo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Crambidae
Nagiella

description: Genus Nagiella Munroe, 1976
Type species: Nagia desmialis Walker, [1866] 1865
= Nagia Walker, 1866 (type species: Nagia desmialis Walker, 1866)
description: Published as part of Shin, Bora, Choi, Sei-Woong & Kim, Sung-Soo, 2022, Fourteen new records of Crambidae (Lepidoptera) from South Korea, pp. 513-534 in Zootaxa 5159 (4) on page 524, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5159.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/6786069
The Changing Face of Tax Enforcement, 1978-1988
Creators: name: Dubin, Jeffrey A.
name: Graetz, Michael J.
name: Wilde, Louis L.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1989

description: This article examines three aspects of tax administration that are widely thought to play a particularly critical role in tax enforcement: the examination (or audit) function, information reporting and the criminal enforcement process. A careful look at the IRS budget devoted to the first two of these demonstrates that a major shift in tax enforcement policy has occurred during the last decade---fewer people have been audited, but those who have been were punished more severely. This shift in enforcement policy raises important questions both of the efficacy and fairness of the tax administrative process. Although not apparent through budget allocations, a similar pattern has occurred with respect to criminal enforcement. In addition, the shift of IRS resources toward enforcement of non-tax crimes and the increased use of grand juries also raises important questions about these IRS criminal enforcement process.
description: Professor Graetz thanks the National Science Foundation for research support (grant no. SES-870443) as do Professors Dubin and Wilde (grant no. SES-8701027). All authors thank Theodore Seto for helpful comments and Jerry Hauck, Seth Hendon and Michael Udell for research assistance. Professor Graetz is currently serving as Deputy Assistant Secretary (Tax Policy) of the Treasury. This article was written before Professor Graetz assumed that office and does not necessarily reflect the view of the Treasury Department.

Published as Dubin, Jeffrey A., Michael A. Graetz, and Louis L. Wilde. "The Changing Face of Tax Enforcement, 1978-1988." Tax Law. 43 (1989): 893.
description: Submitted - sswp716.pdf
Cold water swimming and its potential health benefits: a qualitative study of participants’ views and experiences
Creators: name: Flynn, K
name: Murray, O.
name: O'Regan, Andrew
name: Hayes, Peter
name: Casey, Monica
name: Glynn, Liam
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Cold water swimming is a popular activity enjoyed by a variety of individuals and has a particularly strong following along the west coast of Ireland in both rural and urban settings. At present there is limited research available that explores the perspectives and experiences of cold water swimmers..
The Demand for Tax Return Preparation Services
Creators: name: Dubin, Jeffrey A.
name: Graetz, Michael A.
name: Udell, Michael A.
name: Wilde, Louis L.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1990
Subjects: Taxes, Taxpaying, Tax audits, Tax returns, Tax noncompliance, Accountancy, Economic models, Adult education, Demand, Tax deductions

description: In this paper we focus on taxpayer choices of return preparation services. Using aggregate nested logit techniques, we find that the demand for third party preparation responds to many factors: age, education, employment status, federal auditing, and tax return characteristics. Perhaps most important among these is federal auditing. Higher federal audit rates increase the demand for tax practitioner services, but do not affect the demand for other modes of third party assistance. More generally, as the tax burden increases, or as uncertainty about true tax liability increases, the demand for all modes of third party assistance increases.
description: Revised version. Original dated to December 1989.

Professor Graetz thanks the National Science Foundation for research support (grant no. SES-870443) as do Professors Dubin and Wilde (grant no. SES-8701027). Professor Graetz is currently serving as Deputy Assistant Secretary (Tax Policy) of the Treasury. This article was written before Professor Graetz assumed that office and does not necessarily reflect the views of the Treasury Department.

Published as Dubin, Jeffrey A., Michael J. Graetz, Michael A. Udell, and Louis L. Wilde. "The demand for tax return preparation services." The Review of Economics and Statistics (1992): 75-82.
description: Submitted - sswp714.pdf