cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Tandem Solar Simulator for Power Measurement of Micromorph Tandem Modules
Creators: name: Fakhfouri, V.
name: Marchal, D.
name: Bassi, N.
name: Peguiron, M.
name: Droz, C.
name: Adelhelm, R.
name: Apolloni, M.
name: Keller, K.
name: Romang, D.
name: Meier, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2653-2656
description: In the frame of this work, a large area tandem solar simulator was developed. It is based on the use of
two independent and synchronized xenon flash lamps, each of them providing a part of the spectrum, with an overlap
wavelength range. A ±10% “spectral swing” function enables the refinement of the spectral irradiance. The tandem
STC is reached by adjusting the optical output of each source, with reference to the irradiance measured by two
component cells, “top” and “bottom”, whose spectral responses are similar to the sub-cell spectral responses of the
Micromorph tandem device.
Contributions of particulate and gas phases of simulated burn pit smoke exposures to impairment of respiratory function
Creators: name: Vance, Samuel A.
name: Kim, Yong Ho
name: George, Ingrid J.
name: Dye, Janice A.
name: Williams, Wanda C.
name: Schladweiler, Mette J.
name: Gilmour, M. Ian
name: Jaspers, Ilona
name: Gavett, Stephen H.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Inhalation of smoke from the burning of waste materials on military bases is associated with increased incidences of cardiopulmonary diseases. This study examined the respiratory and inflammatory effects of acute inhalation exposures in mice to smoke generated by military burn pit-related materials including plywood (PW), cardboard (CB), mixed plastics (PL), and a mixture of these three materials (MX) under smoldering (0.84 MCE) and flaming (0.97 MCE) burn conditions. Mice were exposed nose-only for one hour on two consecutive days to whole or filtered smoke or clean air alone. Smoldering combustion emissions had greater concentrations of PM (∼40 mg/m3) and VOCs (∼5–12 ppmv) than flaming emissions (∼4 mg/m3 and ∼1–2 ppmv, respectively); filtered emissions had equivalent levels of VOCs with negligible PM. Breathing parameters were assessed during exposure by head-out plethysmography. All four smoldering burn pit emission types reduced breathing frequency (F) and minute volumes (MV) compared with baseline exposures to clean air, and HEPA filtration significantly reduced the effects of all smoldering materials except CB. Flaming emissions had significantly less suppression of F and MV compared with smoldering conditions. No acute effects on lung inflammatory cells, cytokines, lung injury markers, or hematology parameters were noted in smoke-exposed mice compared with air controls, likely due to reduced respiration and upper respiratory scrubbing to reduce the total deposited PM dose in this short-term exposure. Our data suggest that material and combustion type influences respiratory responses to burn pit combustion emissions. Furthermore, PM filtration provides significant protective effects only for certain material types.
Single-valued multiple zeta values in genus 1 superstring amplitudes
Creators: name: Zerbini, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the modular graph functions introduced by Green, Russo, Vanhove in the context of type II superstring scattering amplitudes of 4 gravitons on a torus. In particular we describe a method to algorithmically compute the coefficients in their expansion at the cusp in terms of conical sums. We perform explicit computations for 3-graviton functions, which naturally suggest to conjecture that only single-valued multiple zeta values appear.
description: Minor modifications and references added to the first version. It essentially coincides with the published version
Characterization of aerosols from hemp-derived pre-roll joints
Creators: name: Irshad, Hammad
name: Kulpa, Justyna
name: Kuehl, Philip J.
name: Lefever, Tim
name: McDonald, Jacob D.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Availability and consumer use of hemp products is rapidly increasing, but little work has been done to assess aerosol emissions of hemp pre-rolls. The objective of this research was to characterize the aerosol of pre-rolled joints from hemp material enriched for production of cannabigerol (CBG) that were smoked on a test system mimicking human use patterns. Aerosol emissions were collected and analyzed using glass microfiber filters and charcoal cartridges. The aerosol was screened for nine phytocannabinoids and 19 terpenes. Three phytocannabinoids (CBG, cannabichromene (CBC), and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)) were detected and quantified at a mean (SD) concentration of 19.4 (4.7), 0.48 (0.01), and 0.40 (0.04) mg per pre-roll, respectively. Five terpenes ((–)-α-bisabolol, (–)-guaiol, β-caryophyllene, nerolidol, and α-humulene) were detected and quantified at an average concentration of 352.7 (112.0), 194.3 (66.4), 106.0 (50.4), 28.3 (9.3), and 27.7 (11.2) µg per pre-roll, respectively. Particle size distribution testing via aerodynamic particle sizer and inertial impactor showed that average size of emitted aerosols was 0.77 (0.0) and 0.54 (0.1) µm, respectively. This study describes methodology for characterization of cannabinoid and terpene dose in emitted aerosols and aerosolization efficiency from hemp pre-rolls. It also presents these data for one of the marketed products.
The Influence of the Electrode Sheet Resistance on Local Photocurrent Excitations in Microcrystalline Silicon Thin Film Solar Cells
Creators: name: Nguyen, M.
name: Stegmaier, M.
name: Schütt, A.
name: Carstensen, J.
name: Föll, H.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2590-2593
description: CELLO (solar cell local characterization) measurements on a microcrystalline silicon (μc-Si) solar cell
in the LBIC (laser beam induced current) mode under dark conditions are used to analyze the bias voltage
dependence of the average current response and the lateral current distribution. The experimental results are
compared to a SPICE simulation of a newly introduced three dimensional (3D) equivalent circuit model of a solar
cell divided into subcells. Furthermore, the global current response due to local photoexcitation is described
theoretically. The 3D simulation shows the necessity of taking subcell-subcell interactions into account in order to
explain the lateral current response. The simulations are validated against our CELLO measurements of the average
current response as well as the lateral current distribution and show excellent agreement.
Self-assembled chiral phosphorus nanotubes from phosphorene: a molecular dynamics study
Creators: name: Pan, Douxing
name: Wang, Tzu-Chiang
name: Wang, Chao
name: Guo, Wei
name: Yao, Yugui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Controlled syntheses in nanoscale structures should be expected and phosphorous nanotubes with predefined chiralities are important in electronic devices with tunable bandgap. Here, incorporating molecular dynamics simulations with theoretical analyses, we show that a zigzag phosphorene nanoribbon can self-assemble and form a corresponding chiral phosphorous nanotube surrounding a template armchair phosphorous nanotube. The van der Waals potential between the nanoribbon and the nanotube is transformed to the intrinsic deformed and chemical bonding energies of the synthesized tube together with partial kinetic energy. The self-assembly process has an apparent temperature dependence and size effect and the formed chiral tube is thermodynamically stable. Also, the chirality and measurement can be tuned by the radius of template tube and the aspect ratio of raw ribbon. The study suggests a novel and feasible approach for controlled synthesis of phosphorous nanotubes and thus is of great interest for semiconductor device applications.
description: 5 pages,5 figures, 1 table,2 movies
Optimization of the Solar Cell Structure for the Industrial Implementation in Very Large Area a-Si:H PV Modules
Creators: name: Vetter, M.
name: Andreu, J.
name: Borrajo, J.P.
name: Fonrodona, M.
name: Otero, P.
name: Rodríguez, J.A.
name: Agustsson, O.
name: Schotsaert, J.
name: Bittkau, K.
name: Carius, R.
name: Gordijn, A.
name: Hüpkes, J.
name: Jost, G.
name: MintMoustapha, O.
name: Rath, J.K.
name: Schropp, R.E.I.
name: Antony, A.
name: Bertomeu, J.
name: Carreras, P.
name: Kail, F.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2594-2597
description: This paper reports on work performed in the FP7 European project HELATHIS. It presents the
development of a TCO-glass combining a low iron-content substrate with a SnO2-layer with enhanced carrier
mobility and therefore higher optical transmission, achieving in average 7.4% single junction module efficiency in TSolar
standard production. First results of the further optimization of the fabrication process with this TCO glass
indicate an increase of the single junction module efficiency in the future to nearly 8% in the stabilized state. Lightsoaking
experiments of modules present very similar stabilized efficiency in the investigated i-layer thickness range
between 140 to 260 nm, therefore, decreasing the i-layer thickness permits to increase the factory production capacity
from about 55 up to about 75 MW/year. Investigation of the deposition of Al-doped ZnO layers by rf-sputtering from
rotatable targets for the back reflector indicates improvement in the Isc and Voc. Implementation of such targets allows
to expand the target life time and to reduce the maintenance time in comparison to standard planar targets. Ga-doped
ZnO layers, when implemented in the back reflector, present similar cell performance compared with Al-doped ZnO.
Development of µC-Sige:H Solar Cells for the Application as Bottom Cell in Triple Solar Cells
Creators: name: Kilper, T.
name: Grunewald, K.
name: Kellermann, M.
name: Klement, P.
name: Sergeev, O.
name: Von Maydell, K.
name: Agert, C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2608-2611
description: As intermediate steps for the development of a-Si:H/ 530 nm resulting in a JSC gain of nearly 3 mA/cm². The application of
High-Frequency and Type-C QPOs from Oscillating, Precessing Hot, Thick Flow
Creators: name: Fragile, P. Chris
name: Straub, Odele
name: Blaes, Omer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent studies showing an apparent correlation between the high-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) and the low-frequency, type-C QPO in low-mass, black hole X-ray binaries (LMXBs), we explore a model that explains all three QPOs in terms of an oscillating, precessing hot flow in the truncated-disk geometry. Our model favors attributing the two high-frequency QPOs, often occurring in a near 3:2 frequency ratio, to the breathing and vertical epicyclic frequency modes of the hot, thick flow, although we can not rule out the Keplerian and m=-1 radial epicyclic modes. In either case, the type-C QPO is attributed to precession. The correlation of the QPOs comes from the fact that all three frequencies are associated with the same geometrical structure. While the exact QPO frequencies are sensitive to the black hole mass and spin, their evolution over the course of an outburst is mainly tied to the truncation radius between the geometrically thin, optically thick disk and the inner, hot flow. We show that, in the case of the LMXB GRO J1655-40, this model can explain the one simultaneous observation of all three QPOs and that an extrapolation of the model appears to match lower frequency observations where only two of the three components are seen. Thus, this model may be able to unify multiple QPO observations using the properties of a single, simple, geometrical model.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, accepted to MNRAS
Black Hole Collapse in the 1/c Expansion
Creators: name: Anous, Tarek
name: Hartman, Thomas
name: Rovai, Antonin
name: Sonner, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a first-principles CFT calculation corresponding to the spherical collapse of a shell of matter in three dimensional quantum gravity. In field theory terms, we describe the equilibration process, from early times to thermalization, of a CFT following a sudden injection of energy at time t=0. By formulating a continuum version of Zamolodchikov's monodromy method to calculate conformal blocks at large central charge c, we give a framework to compute a general class of probe observables in the collapse state, incorporating the full backreaction of matter fields on the dual geometry. This is illustrated by calculating a scalar field two-point function at time-like separation and the time-dependent entanglement entropy of an interval, both showing thermalization at late times. The results are in perfect agreement with previous gravity calculations in the AdS$_3$-Vaidya geometry. Information loss appears in the CFT as an explicit violation of unitarity in the 1/c expansion, restored by nonperturbative corrections.
description: 39 pages, references added, corresponds with published version
Predictions for the Search for AnomalousCouplings of Gauge Bosons and Leptons ine^+e^- - scattering
Creators: name: Biebel, Jochen
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: W-Paar-Erzeugung
subject: ZZ-Erzeugung
subject: anomale Kopplungen
subject: anomalesmagnetisches Moment des tau-Leptons
subject: W-pair production
subject: ZZ production
subject: anomalous couplings
subject: anomalousmagnetic moment of the tau-lepton
subject: 530 Physik
subject: 29 Physik, Astronomie
subject: UO 5510

description: Die Auswirkungen von anomalen Kopplungen bei den Prozessen der W-Paar- und der ZZ-Erzeugung werden untersucht. Analytische Ausdruecke fuer die differentiellen Wirkungsquerschnitte werden fuer beide Prozesse abgeleitet und numerische Ergebnisse werden praesentiert. Die analytischen Ergebnisse zur W-Paarerzeugung wurden in das Fortranprogramm GENTLE eingebaut, waehrend die Ergebnisse zur ZZ-Erzeugung in einem separaten Program ZAC zur Verfuegung stehen. Die numerischen Resultate werden mit den Vorhersagen des Standardmodells verglichen. Bei der W-Paarerzeugung sind Strahlungskorrekturen durch den Strukturfunktionszugang im Rahmen der Anfangszustandsabstrahlung beruecksichtig worden. Die Auswirkungen eines anomalen magnetischen Momentes a_tau des tau-Leptons auf die Endzustandsabstrahlung im Prozess der tau-Paarproduktion bei LEP1 wurden untersucht. Dieser Prozess erlaubt die Bestimmung des experimentellen Limits fuer das anomale magnetische Moment a_tau. Als ein Ergebnis erhalten wir, dass Beitraege, die linear in a_tau sind und als klein angesehen wurden, bei den heutigen Limits nicht mehr vernachlaessigt werden koennen.
description: Predictions are made for the effects of anomalous couplings in the processes of W-pair and ZZ production. Analytical expressions for the differential cross-sections are derived in both cases and numerical results are presented. The analytical results for W-pair production were implemented into the Fortran program GENTLE, while the ZZ production results are available in the stand-alone program ZAC. The numerical results are compared with the Standard Model predictions. For W-pair production radiative corrections are considered by using the structure function approach for the description of initial state radiation. Effects of an anomalous magnetic moment a_tau of the tau-lepton to the final state radiation in the process of tau-pair production at LEP1 are examined. This process allows to determine experimental limits for the anomalous magnetic moment of the tau. As a result we find that contributions linear in a_tau, which were believed to be small, cannot be neglegted at the present limits.
Deposition of Hydrogenated Microcrystalline Silicone at the Edge of Overcoming Hydrogen Etching and the Role of Hydrogen Atoms in the Growth
Creators: name: Madani Ghahfarokhi, O.
name: Klement, P.
name: Kilper, T.
name: Von Maydell, K.
name: Agert, C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2570-2572
description: In this report based on the main concept of selective etching model for the growth of microcrystalline silicone which is on the fact that hydrogen selectively removes the amorphous phase, it is shown that hydrogen dilution plasma can selectively shift to a region where the etching rate by hydrogen atoms is higher than deposition
rate of silane radicals. Furthermore by means of optical emission spectroscopy the effect of pressure on plasma species has been studied. The results show that by increasing the pressure, the intensity of H/SiH* is decreased which is in accordance with transition from etching region to deposition region.
Growth Mechanism of Si Thin Film by PECVD Technique: Effect of SIH3 and H Radical Flux on Deposition Rate
Creators: name: Katayama, H.
name: Yoshida, I.
name: Terakawa, A.
name: Aya, Y.
name: Iseki, M.
name: Tanaka, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2562-2565
description: We investigated the effect of SiH3 and atomic hydrogen fluxes (SiH3 and H) on deposition rate by comparing the substrate temperature dependence of deposition rate and those fluxes. The fluxes were calculated by the original simulator, named the high-pressure SiH4 plasma simulator (HiP-SPS)”. As a result, we found that H has an important etching effect on Si film deposition, in addition to deposition of SiH3. Thus, the deposition rate should be
expressed as “Deposition rate  ×SiH3 ×H (: sticking coefficient, : etching coefficient)”.
The Influence of an Intrinsic Buffer Layer Near the p/i Interface on the Performance of Microcrystalline Silicon Thin-Film Solar Cells
Creators: name: Yin, Y.
name: Long, J.D.
name: Venkataraj, S.
name: Ren, Z.K.
name: Aberle, A.G.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2576-2578
description: The quality of the p/i interface and the region near it plays a critical role in the efficiency of
microcrystalline silicon (μc-Si:H) thin-film solar cells (in the p-i-n superstrate configuration). In this work, we
report on the effects of a thin buffer layer introduced in between the p-type doped layer and the intrinsic absorber
layer. The buffer layer is a very thin a-Si:H film deposited within the transition region from amorphous to
microcrystalline. An improved blue response of the fabricated cells indicates that a good p/i interface can be
obtained by using this intermediate buffer layer. However, a thick buffer layer will bring negative effects to the
cell performance. Thus, an optimized buffer layer is important to improve the overall cell efficiencies.
Analyzing modified unimodular gravity via Lagrange multipliers
Creators: name: Saez-Gomez, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The so-called unimodular version of General Relativity is revisited. Unimodular gravity is constructed by fixing the determinant of the metric, what leads to the trace-free part of the equations instead of the usual Einstein field equations. Then, a cosmological constant naturally arises as an integration constant. While unimodular gravity turns out equivalent to General Relativity (GR) at the classical level, it provides important differences at the quantum level. Here we extend the unimodular constraint to some extensions of General Relativity that have drawn a lot of attention over the last years, as $f(R)$ gravity (or its scalar-tensor picture) and Gauss-Bonnet gravity. The corresponding unimodular version of such theories is constructed as well as the conformal transformation that relates the Einstein and Jordan frames for these non-minimally coupled theories. From the classical point of view, the unimodular versions of such extensions are completely equivalent to their originals, but an effective cosmological constant arises naturally, what may provide a richer description of the universe evolution. Here we analyze the case of Starobisnky inflation and compared with the original one.
description: 8 pages. Title changed, some comments added, conclusions unchanged. Version published in PRD
Investigation on Novel Concepts for Light Management in Thin Film a-Si:H Solar Cells
Creators: name: Vehse, M.
name: Geißendörfer, S.
name: Theuring, M.
name: Lacombe, J.
name: Nowak, R.-E.
name: Von Maydell, K.
name: Agert, C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2497-2502
description: Light trapping due to rough interfaces is a common and industrially applied technique for amorphous
silicon thin film solar cells. The induced scattering enhances the absorption and consequently the conversion
efficiency of the device. There are several concepts to improve the light management beyond the standard transparent
conductive oxide (TCO) structuring achieved by chemical wet etching. In this work, we investigate the application of
novel light trapping solutions based on electrochemically deposited zinc oxide nanorod arrays, which goes beyond
standard light management concepts for thin film silicon solar cells. We study the significant impact of array
geometry on the solar cell efficiency and correlate our experimental results to multidimensional solar cell
simulations. Our results demonstrate the need for an appropriate nanorod array design in order to optimize the
electrical performance of the solar cell.
In addition, geometry effects on light management and electrical properties for thin film silicon solar cells are studied
by experiments and simulations of two-dimensional (2D) TCO gratings. The modeling of the structures aims to find
the influence of the TCO structure height on the electrical cell performance.
Strange quark matter and quark stars with the Dyson-Schwinger quark model
Creators: name: Chen, H.
name: Wei, J. -B
name: Schulze, H. -J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the equation of state of strange quark matter and the interior structure of strange quark stars in a Dyson-Schwinger quark model within rainbow or Ball-Chiu vertex approximation. We emphasize constraints on the parameter space of the model due to stability conditions of ordinary nuclear matter. Respecting these constraints, we find that the maximum mass of strange quark stars is about 1.9 solar masses, and typical radii are 9 --11 km. We obtain an energy release as large as $3.6 \times 10^{53}\,\text{erg}$ from conversion of neutron stars into strange quark stars.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
Semi-Empirical Model to Describe the Tunnel Junction in Tandem Solar Cells
Creators: name: Ostertag, J.P.
name: Schmidt, O.
name: Brüggemann, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2524-2529
description: A semi-empirical approach is presented to take into account the influence of the tunnel recombination junction
(TRJ) in thin-film silicon tandem solar cells. The top and bottom cells are simulated separately with the
optoelectronic device simulator ASA with a voltage-dependent Schottky barrier height, respectively, to take into
account the influence of the TRJ on the cell behavior. Additionally the voltage drop across the TRJ is accounted
for by including a given current-voltage-characteristics of the TRJ. The influence of the tunnel characteristics on
the behavior of the tandem cell is studied by comparing the results for different experimentally measured and
synthetic tunnel recombination characteristics.
Semi-Analytical Modeling of the Recombination at the a-Si/c-Si Interface of Heterojunction Silicon Solar Cells: A Better Physical Insight
Creators: name: Ghannam, M.Y.
name: Poortmans, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2552-2555
description: A semi-analytical model is proposed for carrier recombination at the amorphous silicon-crystalline silicon
interface in HIT high efficiency p+ a-Si/c-Si silicon solar cells. PC1D simulations indicate that pn junction is
shifted inside the c-Si substrate by the effect of holes spilling over the heterojunction. Front surface field
passivation is found more effective in cells without intrinsic a-Si spacer as a result of the higher hole interface
concentration. Increasing the p+ a-Si doping level leads to further increase in the hole interface concentration but
finally deteriorates the bulk lifetime in the induced p+ c-Si emitter which lowers the open circuit voltage. Such
effect is less pronounced in cell with a spacer because the hole interface concentration saturates at 3x1019 /cm3.
In addition the spacer provides an interface with better properties and hence reduced recombination. A coupled
semi-analytical/ PC1D simulations method is developed to deal with the interdependence between the calculated
surface recombination velocity and the numerically simulated carrier concentrations at the interface. Shockley-
Read-Hall recombination and amphoteric three charge state recombination more appropriate for recombination
via dangling bonds in a-Si are considered. It is found that when the capture cross sections are equal, SRH and
amphoteric recombination converge. On the other hand, SRH strongly underestimates the interface recombination
velocity if the values of capture cross sections are largely distant.
Experimental Study of Light-Induced Degradation in a-Si:H Thin-Film Modules under Different Climatic Conditions
Creators: name: Sánchez, E.
name: Izard, J.
name: Domínguez, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2503-2506
description: The light induced degradation of amorphous silicon photovoltaic modules is a big issue for manufacturers of this technology. The Staebler-Wronksi and annealing effects describe this reversible process causing the degradation of power that results in a loss of efficiency. Under outdoor conditions the situation is more complex and there are factors that determine the final extent of the degradation. This work is focused in the effect of climatic conditions on the degradation process. Four batches of industrially manufactured a-Si:H photovoltaic modules with different sets of process parameters for the deposition of layers have been deployed in the four seasons of the year for an extensive study of the LID under different climatic conditions. Through this testing, the extent of the LID caused by Staebler-Wronski effect is characterized by means of the characteristic parameters of the modules.
Optimizing the Deposition Pressure and Temperature of p-Type a-Si:H Window Layer to Fabricate Efficient a-Si:H Superstrate Solar Cell
Creators: name: Zhao, L.
name: Yan, B.
name: Zhao, B.
name: Chen, J.
name: Diao, H.
name: Wang, G.
name: Mao, Y.
name: Wang, W.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2488-2491
description: P-type a-Si:H window layer for the a-Si:H superstrate solar cell was fabricated by doping with
trimethylboron (TMB) via plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). Transmission, Raman, and Fourier
transform infrared (FTIR) spectra investigations were utilized to reveal the optical and the microstructural changes of
the p-layers when the deposition pressure and temperature were modified. As a result, it was found that excellent
wide bandgap (Eg) a-Si:H p-layer with compact microstructure could be fabricated at the same deposition temperature
as that for the deposition of i-layer and p-layer even if a relatively low hydrogen dilution ratio was adopted. The
obtained high Voc larger than 900 mV for the a-Si:H superstrate solar cell fabricated on SnO2:F coated glass
indicated an application potential for such p-type window layer.
High Quality Epitaxial Foils, Obtained by a Porous Silicon Based Layer Transfer Process, for Integration in Back Contacted Solar Cells
Creators: name: Van Nieuwenhuysen, K.
name: Depauw, V.
name: Martini, R.
name: Govaerts, J.
name: Debucquoy, M.
name: Sivaramakrishnan Radhakrishnan, H.
name: Gordon, I.
name: Poortmans, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Thin Film Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2471-2474
description: The creation of foils by lifting off a thin, high quality layer of a silicon substrate is one of the
promising substitutes for wafer sawing to create substrates thinner than 100 μm. The porous silicon-based layer
transfer process is a well known method to obtain high quality foils. Despite a number of convincing lab-based solar
cell show-cases, there is no breakthrough of this technology at (semi)-industrial level, because of the poor yield of
processing free standing foils. This paper presents a method to fabricate back contacted solar cells based on epitaxial
foils avoiding processes on free-standing foils. First, a porous silicon layer is electrochemically etched, acting as a
weak sacrificial layer to detach the foil that is epitaxially grown on top of the porous silicon layer. An effective
lifetime around 100 μs is obtained for those epitaxial foils, indicating sufficiently good quality for solar cell
fabrication. Front-side processing is done while the epitaxial foil is still attached to its parent substrate. Crack
initiation is obtained by laser scribing the foil. A UV nanosecond pulse laser is used to induce the weakening by
scribing trenches. Afterwards, the front-side of the foil is permanently bonded to a quartz carrier by silicone
adhesives and detached from its parent substrate. This lift-off process is studied in detail. A yield of around 80% is
obtained for samples that went through the process chain up to the detachment step. The rear side of the solar cell is
processed while bonded to glass. So far, the rear-side processing sequence was performed on Float-zone reference
wafers as a proof of concept and still needs to be applied on epitaxial foils.
Degradability of Fermionic Gaussian Channels
Creators: name: Greplová, Eliška
name: Giedke, Géza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the degradability of fermionic Gaussian channels. Fermionic quantum channels are a central building block of quantum information processing with fermions, and the family of Gaussian channels, in particular, is relevant in the emerging field of electron quantum optics and its applications for quantum information. Degradable channels are of particular interest since they have a simple formula that characterizes their quantum capacity. We derive a simple standard form for fermionic Gaussian channels. This allows us to fully characterize all degradable $n$-mode fermionic Gaussian channels. In particular, we show that the only degradable such channels correspond to the attenuation or amplitude-damping channel for qubits.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure + Supplementary Material. Updated proof of Theorem 1
The New Technological Possibilities Are Opening with Electrical Asymmetry Effect
Creators: name: Hrunski, D.
name: Janssen, A.
name: Fritz, T.
name: Hegemann, T.
name: Clark, C.
name: Schreiber, U.
name: Grabosch, G.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2511-2516
description: The Electrical Asymmetry Effect (EAE) allows controlling the plasmas properties during thin silicon
film deposition. The experiments clearly demonstrate that EAE technique improve uniformity, increase deposition
rate of a-Si:H/μc-Si:H layers and decrease cleaning time of reactor. The results obtained in large scale PECVD
reactor (Gen 5) are shown in this paper. A combination of the excitation frequencies 13.56 MHz + 27.12 MHz was
used. It was found that layers deposited using the EAE have a better uniformity compared to layers deposited in a
pure 27.12 MHz discharge. Moreover, it is possible to significantly increase deposition rate by help of EAE. Light
induced degradation test (LID) of a-Si:H single junction cells deposited by EAE PECVD shows that the cells have
significantly lower LID than single frequency a-Si:H samples at same deposition rate. It is shown that by help of EAE
the deposition rate could be controlled independently on RF electrode and substrate. The decrease of deposition rate
on RF electrode without decreasing of deposition rate on substrate led to higher uptime of equipment and less
consumption of cleaning gases.
Design Guidelines for Periodic Si Nanostructure Arrays for Solar Cell Application
Creators: name: Hong, L.
name: Rusli, R.
name: He, L.
name: Wang, X.
name: Zheng, H.
name: Wang, H.
name: Xu, X.
name: Yu, H.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Thin Film Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2413-2415
description: In this paper, the performance of periodic silicon nanohole, inverted nanocone and nanodome array structures incorporated into thin film silicon solar cell are simulated to study how light absorption can be enhanced with the use of such structures. It is found that all arrays demonstrated a much higher light absorption compared with planar thin film due to their strong light trapping capability. The optimum periodic nanostructure arrays are designed by varying the array periodicity (P) and the dimensions of the nanostructures. The optimal structure for nanohole is achieved with a P of 600 nm and a diameter (D) to P ratio of 0.75. For nanodome array, light absorption depends little on P when P varies from 400 nm to 800 nm. Among the nanostructures, nanocone array achieves the best light absorption with a P of 700 nm.
Spectroscopic Ellipsometry Studies of Magnetron-Sputtered nc-Si/SiOx Systems: Modelling and Optical Characterization
Creators: name: Ilday, S.
name: Nogay, G.
name: Turan, R.
name: Friedrich, D.
name: Heinig, K.-H.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Thin Film Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2441-2445
description: In this work, we report on spectroscopic ellipsometry studies of nc-Si/SiOx systems in search for a
methodology to better understand the relation between optical properties and volume fractions of existing subspecies
in these systems. We fabricate nc-Si/SiOx systems by thermal annealing of magnetron-sputtered thin films in a wide
range of x values (0
Mult-omics Data of Citrus Reticulata 'Chachi'
Creators: name: 苏建睦(Sujianmu)
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2023
Subjects: Raw sequence reads
Metagenome
Metagenomic assembly
Transcriptome or Gene expression
Environment
Environmental

description: Mult-omics data including RNAseq data from root, leaf and peel, metagenomic data from root and rhizosphere soil.
Bernstein dual-Petrov-Galerkin method: application to 2D time fractional diffusion equation
Creators: name: Jani, Mostafa
name: Javadi, Shahnam
name: Babolian, Esmail
name: Bhatta, Dambaru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 41A10, 65M22, 35R11, 76M22

description: In this paper, we develop a Bernstein dual-Petrov-Galerkin method for the numerical simulation of a two-dimensional fractional diffusion equation. A spectral discretization is applied by introducing suitable combinations of dual Bernstein polynomials as the test functions and the Bernstein polynomials as the trial ones. We derive the exact sparse operational matrix of differentiation for the dual Bernstein basis which provides a matrix based approach for the spatial discretization. It is shown that the method leads to banded linear systems that can be solved efficiently. The stability and convergence of the proposed method is discussed. Finally, some numerical examples are provided to support the theoretical claims and to show the accuracy and efficiency of the method.
description: 18 pages, Accepted for publication in Computational and Applied Mathematics (Springer)
Drastic emergence of huge negative spin-transfer torque in atomically thin Co layers
Creators: name: Je, Soong-Geun
name: Yoo, Sang-Cheol
name: Kim, Joo-Sung
name: Moon, Joon
name: Min, Byoung-Chul
name: Choe, Sug-Bong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current-induced domain wall (DW) motion has drawn great attention in the last decades as the key operational principle of emerging magnetic memory devices. As the major driving force of the current-induced DW motion, the spin-orbit torque (SOT) on chiral DWs has been proposed and extensively studied nowadays. However, we demonstrate here that there exists another driving force, which is larger than the SOT in ultra-thin Co films. Moreover, the direction of the present force is found to be opposite to the prediction of the spin-transfer torque (STT), resulting in the DW motion along the current direction. The symmetry of the force and its peculiar dependence on the DW structure suggest that the present force is, most likely, attributed to considerable enhancement of the nonadiabatic STT with a negative spin polarization in atomically thin Co layers. These findings open a new pathway to enhance the overall spin torque efficiency-the critical parameter in emerging spintronic devices.
Discrepancy Skew Products and Affine Random Walks
Creators: name: Aaronson, Jon.
name: Bromberg, Michael
name: Nakada, Hitoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37A40, 11K38, 60F05

description: We prove bounded rational ergodicity for some discrepancy skew products whose rotation number has bad rational approximation. This is done by considering the asymptotics of associated affine random walks.
description: corrected MSC class, spelling & a remark on the temporal CLT
2D-Finite Element Model of a CIGS Module
Creators: name: Janssen, G.J.M.
name: Slooff, L.H.
name: Bende, E.E.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
CdTe, CIS and Related Ternary and Quaternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2368-2371
description: The performance of thin-film CIGS modules is often limited due to inhomogeneities in CIGS layers. A
2-dimensional Finite Element Model for CIGS modules is demonstrated that predicts the impact of such
inhomogeneities on the module performance. Results are presented of a module with a region of poor diode
characteristics. It is concluded that according to this model the effects of poor diodes depend strongly on their
location in the module and on their dispersion over the module surface. Due to its generic character the model can
also be applied to other series connections of photovoltaic cells.
Random selection of factors preserves the correlation structure in a linear factor model to a high degree
Creators: name: Tanskanen, Antti J.
name: Lukkarinen, Jani
name: Vatanen, Kari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: Computational Finance (q-fin.CP)
subject: Risk Management (q-fin.RM)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: In a very high-dimensional vector space, two randomly-chosen vectors are almost orthogonal with high probability. Starting from this observation, we develop a statistical factor model, the random factor model, in which factors are chosen at random based on the random projection method. Randomness of factors has the consequence that covariance matrix is well preserved in a linear factor representation. It also enables derivation of probabilistic bounds for the accuracy of the random factor representation of time-series, their cross-correlations and covariances. As an application, we analyze reproduction of time-series and their cross-correlation coefficients in the well-diversified Russell 3,000 equity index.
description: 27 pages, 7 figures, ver 2: includes major revision of the abstract, introduction and discussion, ver 3: title changed to match the final published version (available as an open access file following the DOI link)
Odd-frequency superconductivity in a nanowire coupled to Majorana zero modes
Creators: name: Lee, Shu-Ping
name: Lutchyn, Roman M.
name: Maciejko, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Odd-frequency superconductivity, originally proposed by Berezinskii in 1974, is an exotic phase of matter in which Cooper pairing between electrons is entirely dynamical in nature. The pair potential is an odd function of frequency, leading to a vanishing static superconducting order parameter and exotic types of pairing seemingly inconsistent with Fermi statistics. Motivated by recent experimental progress in the realization of Majorana zero modes in semiconducting nanowires, we show that odd-frequency superconductivity generically appears in a spin-polarized nanowire coupled to Majorana zero modes. We explicitly calculate the superfluid response and show that it is characterized by a paramagnetic Meissner effect.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Light Trapping Abilities of Silicon Thin Films Measured by Raman Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Ledinsky, M.
name: Hakl, M.
name: Ondic, L.
name: Ganzerova, K.
name: Vetushka, A.
name: Fejfar, A.
name: Kocka, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Thin Film Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2431-2433
description: Raman spectroscopy is used as a tool for measuring the light trapping abilities of thin crystalline silicon
films for photovoltaic applications. Comparison of samples with different scattering characteristic is reported and the
significant difference in the absolute Raman intensities is explained by light trapping effects. Raman spectroscopy is
proposed as a promising tool for in-line characterization of silicon thin films during fabrication of solar cell modules.
Shape Dependence of Holographic Renyi Entropy in Conformal Field Theories
Creators: name: Dong, Xi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a framework for studying the well-known universal term in the Renyi entropy for an arbitrary entangling region in four-dimensional conformal field theories that are holographically dual to gravitational theories. The shape dependence of the Renyi entropy $S_n$ is described by two coefficients: $f_b(n)$ for traceless extrinsic curvature deformations and $f_c(n)$ for Weyl tensor deformations. We provide the first calculation of the coefficient $f_b(n)$ in interacting theories by relating it to the stress tensor one-point function in a deformed hyperboloid background. The latter is then determined by a straightforward holographic calculation. Our results show that a previous conjecture $f_b(n) = f_c(n)$, motivated by surprising evidence from a variety of free field theories and studies of conical defects, fails holographically.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure; v2: typos fixed, references and minor clarifications added; v3: references and minor clarifications added, version to be published in PRL
High Rate Deposition and Crystalization of Silicon Layers for Thin Film Solar Cells
Creators: name: Bailey, L.R.
name: Proudfoot, G.
name: Mackenzie, B.
name: Nagaoyshi, H.
name: Andersen, N.
name: Ulyashin, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Thin Film Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2382-2385
description: Two methods of pulsed DC magnetron sputtering deposition have been used to form high rate,
hydrogen-free crystalline silicon. One method is high rate amorphous silicon deposition followed by annealing to
induce crystallization. Crystalline silicon can be formed on wafers up to 200 mm round or 156 mm square. Up to
20 μm thick amorphous silicon deposited at room temperature is fully crystallized by annealing in vacuum on a
1000 °C table for 2 hours. Another method is in-situ crystalline silicon deposition. Two vacuum deposition
systems were used for substrate cleaning and deposition. The crystallinity of silicon was analysed by ellipsometry
and Raman spectroscopy. All silicon samples deposited below 600 °C are amorphous. Silicon deposited with
table temperatures between 600 °C and 650 °C are poly-crystalline. Fully crystalline silicon is deposited in-situ at
table temperatures greater and equal to 650 °C. In-situ crystalline silicon has been deposited at 40 nm/min and
amorphous silicon can be deposited at over 400 nm/min subject to power density limitations for the silicon target.
This work demonstrates that sputtering offers significant potential for depositing the absorber layer in silicon
based photovoltaics.