cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
MOESM9 of Towards the restoration of the Mesoamerican Biological Corridor for large mammals in Panama: comparing multi-species occupancy to movement models
Creators: name: Meyer, Ninon
name: Moreno, Ricardo
name: Reyna-Hurtado, Rafael
name: Signer, Johannes
name: Balkenhol, Niko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 9. Results - AICc of SSF models for each individual.
Examples of random fields that can be represented as space-domain scaled stationary Ornstein-Uhlenbeck fields
Creators: name: Barczy, Matyas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G15, 60G10

description: We give some examples of random fields that can be represented as space-domain scaled stationary Ornstein-Uhlenbeck fields defined on the plane. Namely, we study a tied-down Wiener bridge, tied-down scaled Wiener bridges, a Kiefer process and so called (F,G)-Wiener bridges.
description: 15 pages
Improved Dynamic Cardiac Phantom Based on 4D NURBS and Tagged MRI
Creators: name: Tsui, Benjamin M. W.
name: Lalush, David S.
name: Segars, W. Paul
name: Manocha, Dinesh
name: Frey, Eric C.
name: King, Michael A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: We previously developed a realistic phantom for the cardiac motion for use in medical imaging research. The phantom was based upon a gated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) cardiac study and using 4D non-uniform rational b-splines (NURBS). Using the gated MRI study as the basis for the cardiac model had its limitations. From the MRI images, the change in the size and geometry of the heart structures could be obtained, but without markers to track the movement of points on or within the myocardium, no explicit time correspondence could be established for the structures. Also, only the inner and outer surfaces of the myocardium could be modeled. We enhance this phantom of the beating heart using 4D tagged MRI data. We utilize NURBS surfaces to analyze the full 3D motion of the heart from the tagged data. From this analysis, time-dependent 3D NURBS surfaces were created for the right (RV) and left ventricles (LV). Models for the atria were developed separately since the tagged data only covered the ventricles. A 4D NURBS surface was fit to the 3D surfaces of the heart creating time-continuous 4D NURBS models. Multiple 4D surfaces were created for the left ventricle (LV) spanning its entire volume. The multiple surfaces for the LV were spline-interpolated about an additional dimension, thickness, creating a 4D NURBS solid model for the LV with the ability to represent the motion of any point within the volume of the LV myocardium at any time during the cardiac cycle. Our analysis of the tagged data was found to produce accurate models for the RV and LV at each time frame. In a comparison with segmented structures from the tagged dataset, LV and RV surface predictions were found to vary by a maximum of 1.5 mm’s and 3.4 mm’s respectively. The errors can be attributed to the tag spacing in the data (7.97 mm’s). The new cardiac model was incorporated into the 4D NURBS-based Cardiac-Torso (NCAT) phantom widely used in imaging research. With its enhanced abilities, the model will provide a useful tool in the study of cardiac imaging and the effects of cardiac motion in medical images.
Geometric Observers for Dynamically Evolving Curves
Creators: name: Vela, P.A.
name: Tannenbaum, A.
name: Niethammer, M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: This paper proposes a deterministic observer design for visual tracking based on nonparametric implicit (level-set) curve descriptions. The observer is continuous discrete with continuous-time system dynamics and discrete-time measurements. Its state-space consists of an estimated curve position augmented by additional states (e.g., velocities) associated with every point on the estimated curve. Multiple simulation models are proposed for state prediction. Measurements are performed through standard static segmentation algorithms and optical-flow computations. Special emphasis is given to the geometric formulation of the overall dynamical system. The discrete-time measurements lead to the problem of geometric curve interpolation and the discrete-time filtering of quantities propagated along with the estimated curve. Interpolation and filtering are intimately linked to the correspondence problem between curves. Correspondences are established by a Laplace-equation approach. The proposed scheme is implemented completely implicitly (by Eulerian numerical solutions of transport equations) and thus naturally allows for topological changes and subpixel accuracy on the computational grid.
Needle Steering in 3-D Via Rapid Replanning
Creators: name: Patil, Sachin
name: Burgner, Jessica
name: Webster, Robert J.
name: Alterovitz, Ron
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Steerable needles have the potential to improve the effectiveness of needle-based clinical procedures such as biopsy and drug delivery by improving targeting accuracy and reaching previously inaccessible targets that are behind sensitive or impenetrable anatomical regions. We present a new needle steering system capable of automatically reaching targets in 3-D environments while avoiding obstacles and compensating for real-world uncertainties. Given a specification of anatomical obstacles and a clinical target (e.g., from preoperative medical images), our system plans and controls needle motion in a closed-loop fashion under sensory feedback to optimize a clinical metric. We unify planning and control using a new fast algorithm that continuously replans the needle motion. Our rapid replanning approach is enabled by an efficient sampling-based rapidly exploring random tree (RRT) planner that achieves orders-of-magnitude reduction in computation time compared with prior 3-D approaches by incorporating variable curvature kinematics and a novel distance metric for planning. Our system uses an electromagnetic tracking system to sense the state of the needle tip during the procedure. We experimentally evaluate our needle steering system using tissue phantoms and animal tissue ex vivo. We demonstrate that our rapid replanning strategy successfully guides the needle around obstacles to desired 3-D targets with an average error of less than 3 mm.
Lattices with Symmetry
Creators: name: Lenstra, H. W.
name: Silverberg, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For large ranks, there is no good algorithm that decides whether a given lattice has an orthonormal basis. But when the lattice is given with enough symmetry, we can construct a provably deterministic polynomial-time algorithm to accomplish this, based on the work of Gentry and Szydlo. The techniques involve algorithmic algebraic number theory, analytic number theory, commutative algebra, and lattice basis reduction.
description: Published in Journal of Cryptology. Minor typos corrected
Scalable Multicore Motion Planning Using Lock-Free Concurrency
Creators: name: Ichnowski, Jeffrey
name: Alterovitz, Ron
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: We present PRRT (Parallel RRT) and PRRT* (Parallel RRT*), sampling-based methods for feasible and optimal motion planning designed for modern multicore CPUs. We parallelize RRT and RRT* such that all threads concurrently build a single motion planning tree. Parallelization in this manner requires that data structures, such as the nearest neighbor search tree and the motion planning tree, are safely shared across multiple threads. Rather than rely on traditional locks which can result in slowdowns due to lock contention, we introduce algorithms based on lock-free concurrency using atomic operations. We further improve scalability by using partition-based sampling (which shrinks each core’s working data set to improve cache efficiency) and parallel work-saving (in reducing the number of rewiring steps performed in PRRT*). Because PRRT and PRRT* are CPU-based, they can be directly integrated with existing libraries. We demonstrate that PRRT and PRRT* scale well as core counts increase, in some cases exhibiting superlinear speedup, for scenarios such as the Alpha Puzzle and Cubicles scenarios and the Aldebaran Nao robot performing a 2-handed task.
Fristograms: Revealing and Exploiting Light Field Internals
Creators: name: Herfet, Thorsten
name: Chelli, Kelvin
name: Lange, Tobias
name: Kremer, Robin
Publisher: name: Universität des Saarlandes
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 004
subject: 621.3
subject: light fields
subject: froxels
subject: light field analysis
subject: froxel histograms

description: The work underlying this paper has been funded by the German National Science Foundation (DFG) under the project FiDaLiS, grant number 429078454.
Carryover analysis by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry in a multiproduct resin reuse context
Creators: name: Helle, Stanislas
name: Santos da Silva, Francisco Vitor
name: McAvinue, Jodie
name: Coffey, Laura
name: ARTHUR, AISLING
name: Cawley, Jonathan
name: Brophy, Mark
name: O’Neill, Amie
name: Sheehy, Mary
name: Kelly, Ronan M.
name: Ahern, Theresa
name: Osborne, Matthew D.
name: P. Horgan, Conor
name: Foley, Derek
name: Hayes, Ronan
name: Monaghan, Donal
name: O’Brien, Pamela
name: Mahon, James
name: Hudson, Sarah
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: The reuse of the same chromatography resin to purify multiple products is of high economic and ecologic interest in the pharmaceutical industry. An effective cleaning program to ensure no product carryover from one product to the subsequent is key to enable a multi-product use strategy. The methods utilised to assess product carryover during resin lifetime studies for a given product are not specific enough to detect carryover to support multi?product use. Here the proposed use of liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS) is the analytical method of choice due to its high sensitivity and selectivity. A proof-of-concept study using protein A resin and two distinct IgG product streams produced by CHO cell lines was conducted. The experimental design was developed to determine any carryover from previous products after a multiple product Protein A resin reuse process, using LC-MS and capillary electrophoresis (CE). The capability of LC-MS coupled with bioinformatic analysis to detect carryover where CE with UV detection was not able to detect any carryover was demonstrated. The findings from this approach suggest that the acceptance of chromatographic resin reuse for multiple products will be dependent on the development of analytical/bioinformatics tools such as those proposed in this work.
Journalism and the Problem of Progress
Creators: name: Boyles, Dennis
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2021

description: The book submitted in support of my application for a PhD by published work — Everything Explained That Is Explainable1 — is a definitive study of the creation of the 29-volume Eleventh Edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica (1910-11), a reference work that gave shape and authority to a publishing model instrumental in developing new, interesting, occasionally profitable ways of designing, manufacturing, distributing and marketing books. The Eleventh’s most significant innovation: It was edited not by an esteemed academic, like Thomas Spencer Baynes, who was the principal editor of the Ninth edition (1875-1889), but by a journalist. For the Eleventh was not just a “collection of detached monographs”, to use the description of the Ninth by the Britannica’s new editor, Hugh Chisholm. The Eleventh was a “book”, one “planned on uniform lines as a single organism”. The book was about Progress. It was very long and very successful. Its story contains lessons useful in examining the topic of this essay. First, it was a project of journalism published in an era of dramatic transition. Where previous reference works were, as Chisholm remarked, simply serial compilations of entries arranged alphabetically, the Eleventh was a complex multifaceted examination of the topic that fascinated its editor, the Oxford-educated former editor of The St James’s Gazette, and his employer, an energetic American huckster named Horace Everett Hooper. All encyclopedias before the Eleventh had been compiled by scholars, each of whom had assiduously avoided a narrow focus or even a discernable point of view (with the possible exception of the first encyclopedia of the modern age, that created by Denis Diderot in 1751, which had a controversial focus on revolution and other similar expressions of Enlightenment understanding). But the Eleventh was radically different. Its focus on an “ideology of transition” mirrored a contemporary set of assumptions so pervasive that even though Progress was indeed the story it told in its 29 volumes, and 44 million words, not a single entry was devoted to “Progress” per se, just as none was given over to “Truth” or to “Beauty”. Some things defied simple explanation; besides, there was widespread belief in an unexamined virtue of Progress. Nobody was sure what it meant, but Chisholm meant to explain it by making sure every possible entry made reference, however indirect, to Progress. In an age of revolutionary scientific and philosophical assertions, an appetite for Progress and self-improvement that rivals our own gave rise to social and educational institutions that supported individual effort and received widespread cultural and commercial reinforcement. The Eleventh edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica was an important element in constructing a worldview that reflected the optimistic assumptions of the age. And that produced its own problems, as this paper explains.
High-Frequency Replanning Under Uncertainty Using Parallel Sampling-Based Motion Planning
Creators: name: Patil, Sachin
name: Sun, Wen
name: Alterovitz, Ron
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: As sampling-based motion planners become faster, they can be re-executed more frequently by a robot during task execution to react to uncertainty in robot motion, obstacle motion, sensing noise, and uncertainty in the robot’s kinematic model. We investigate and analyze high-frequency replanning (HFR), where, during each period, fast sampling-based motion planners are executed in parallel as the robot simultaneously executes the first action of the best motion plan from the previous period. We consider discrete-time systems with stochastic nonlinear (but linearizable) dynamics and observation models with noise drawn from zero mean Gaussian distributions. The objective is to maximize the probability of success (i.e., avoid collision with obstacles and reach the goal) or to minimize path length subject to a lower bound on the probability of success. We show that, as parallel computation power increases, HFR offers asymptotic optimality for these objectives during each period for goal-oriented problems. We then demonstrate the effectiveness of HFR for holonomic and nonholonomic robots including car-like vehicles and steerable medical needles.
A motion-based approach to abdominal clutter reduction
Creators: name: Hsu, S.J.
name: Gallippi, C.M.
name: Dahl, J.J.
name: Lediju, M.A.
name: Pihl, M.J.
name: Trahey, G.E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: In ultrasound images, clutter is a noise artifact most easily observed in anechoic or hypoechoic regions. It appears as diffuse echoes overlying anatomical structures of diagnostic importance, obscuring tissue borders and reducing image contrast. A novel clutter reduction method for abdominal images is proposed, wherein the abdominal wall is displaced during successive-frame image acquisitions. A region of clutter distal to the abdominal wall was observed to move with the abdominal wall, and finite impulse response (FIR) and blind source separation (BSS) motion filters were implemented to reduce this clutter. The proposed clutter reduction method was tested in simulated and phantom data and applied to fundamental and harmonic in vivo bladder and liver images from 2 volunteers. Results show clutter reductions ranging from 0 to 18 dB in FIR-filtered images and 9 to 27 dB in BSS-filtered images. The contrast-to-noise ratio was improved by 21 to 68% and 44 to 108% in FIR- and BSS-filtered images, respectively. Improvements in contrast ranged from 4 to 12 dB. The method shows promise for reducing clutter in other abdominal images.
Classifying finite-dimensional C*-algebras by posets of their commutative C*-subalgebras
Creators: name: Lindenhovius, Bert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 06B05, 46J10, 46L35

description: We consider the functor C that to a unital C*-algebra A assigns the partial order set C(A) of its commutative C*-subalgebras ordered by inclusion. We investigate how some C*-algebraic properties translate under the action of C to order-theoretical properties. In particular, we show that A is finite dimensional if and only C(A) satisfies certain chain conditions. We eventually show that if A and B are C*-algebras such that A is finite dimensional and C(A) and C(B) are order isomorphic, then A and B must be *-isomorphic.
description: 20 pages
High-resolution, high-contrast ultrasound imaging using a prototype dual-frequency transducer: In vitro and in vivo studies
Creators: name: Dayton, Paul A
name: Cherin, Emmanuel
name: Foster, F Stuart
name: Lukacs, Marc
name: Lee, Mike
name: Gessner, Ryan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: With recent advances in animal models of disease, there has been great interest in capabilities for high-resolution contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging. Microbubble contrast agents are unique in that they scatter broadband ultrasound energy because of their nonlinear behavior. For optimal response, it is desirable to excite the microbubbles near their resonant frequency. To date, this has been challenging with high-frequency imaging systems because most contrast agents are resonant at frequencies in the order of several megahertz. Our team has developed a unique dual-frequency confocal transducer which enables low-frequency excitation of bubbles near their resonance with one element, and detection of their emitted high-frequency content with the second element. Using this imaging approach, we have attained an average 12.3 dB improvement in contrast-to-tissue ratios over fundamental mode imaging, with spatial resolution near that of the high-frequency element. Because this detection method does not rely on signal decorrelation, it is not susceptible to corruption by tissue motion. This probe demonstrates contrast imaging capability with significant tissue suppression, enabling high-resolution contrast-enhanced images of microvascular blood flow. Additionally, this probe can readily produce radiation force on flowing contrast agents, which may be beneficial for targeted imaging or therapy.
Bayesian mixture of Plackett-Luce models for partially ranked data
Creators: name: Mollica, Cristina
name: Tardella, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The elicitation of an ordinal judgment on multiple alternatives is often required in many psychological and behavioral experiments to investigate preference/choice orientation of a specific population. The Plackett-Luce model is one of the most popular and frequently applied parametric distributions to analyze rankings of a finite set of items. The present work introduces a Bayesian finite mixture of Plackett-Luce models to account for unobserved sample heterogeneity of partially ranked data. We describe an efficient way to incorporate the latent group structure in the data augmentation approach and the derivation of existing maximum likelihood procedures as special instances of the proposed Bayesian method. Inference can be conducted with the combination of the Expectation-Maximization algorithm for maximum \textit{a posteriori} estimation and the Gibbs sampling iterative procedure. We additionally investigate several Bayesian criteria for selecting the optimal mixture configuration and describe diagnostic tools for assessing the fitness of ranking distributions conditionally and unconditionally on the number of ranked items. The utility of the novel Bayesian parametric Plackett-Luce mixture for characterizing sample heterogeneity is illustrated with several applications to simulated and real preference ranked data. We compare our method with the frequentist approach and a Bayesian nonparametric mixture model both assuming the Plackett-Luce model as a mixture component. Our analysis on real datasets reveals the importance of an accurate diagnostic check for an appropriate in-depth understanding of the heterogenous nature of the partial ranking data.
description: 36 pages, 7 figures, 11 tables
Because you had a bad day: the role of negative affect and justification in self-control failure
Creators: name: Heiland, Ally M.
name: Veilleux, Jennifer C.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Justification thinking (using excuses to “allow” giving into temptation) has been identified as a potential link between negative affect and self-control failure. We hypothesised that negative affect would prompt greater justification thinking, specifically deservingness thinking (i.e. “I deserve a treat”), and tested this for both inhibitory (temptation is to approach reward; self-control is to inhibit) and initiatory (temptation is to refrain from action, self-control is to initiate action) hypothetical self-control dilemmas. We found that only for inhibitory self-control (Study 1; N = 105) but not initiatory (Study 2; N = 116), negative affect resulted in greater deservingness thinking compared to neutral affect. We also hypothesised that negative mood coupled with justification would prompt greater likelihood of imagined self-control failure. We found that for inhibitory self-control (Study 3; N = 569), participants in negative affect (vs. neutral) and justification (vs. no justification) conditions were independently more likely to report they would fail at self-control. For initiatory self-control (Study 4; N = 321), we found an effect of negative affect on hypothetical self-control failure but no effect of justification. Overall, these studies confirm the role of negative affect in self-control processes and highlight differences between inhibitory and initiatory self-control situations.
Acoustic radiation force beam sequence performance for detection and material characterization of atherosclerotic plaques: preclinical, ex vivo results
Creators: name: Homeister, Jonathon W.
name: Behler, Russell H.
name: Czernuszewicz, Tomasz J.
name: Nichols, Timothy C.
name: Gallippi, Caterina M.
name: Merricks, Elizabeth P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: This work presents preclinical data demonstrating performance of acoustic radiation force (ARF) based elasticity imaging with five different beam sequences for atherosclerotic plaque detection and material characterization. Twelve trained, blinded readers evaluated parametric images taken ex vivo under simulated in vivo conditions of 22 porcine femoral arterial segments. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was carried out to quantify reader performance using spatially-matched immunohistochemistry for validation. The beam sequences employed had high sensitivity and specificity for detecting Type III+ plaques (Sens: 85%, Spec: 79%), lipid pools (Sens: 80%, Spec: 86%), fibrous caps (Sens: 86%, spec: 82%), calcium (Sens: 96%, Spec: 85%), collagen (Sens: 78%, Spec: 77%), and disrupted internal elastic lamina (Sens: 92%, Spec: 75%). 1:1 single-receive tracking yielded the highest median areas under the ROC curve (AUC), but was not statistically significantly higher than 4:1 parallel-receive tracking. Excitation focal configuration did not result in statistically different AUCs. Overall, these results suggest ARF-based imaging is relevant to detecting and characterizing plaques and support its use for diagnosing and monitoring atherosclerosis.
A High-Gain Nonlinear Observer with Limited Gain Power
Creators: name: Astolfi, Daniele
name: Marconi, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this note we deal with a new observer for nonlinear systems of dimension n in canonical observability form. We follow the standard high-gain paradigm, but instead of having an observer of dimension n with a gain that grows up to power n, we design an observer of dimension 2n-2 with a gain that grows up only to power 2.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Nanoparticle delivery enhancement with acoustically activated microbubbles
Creators: name: Dayton, P. A.
name: Mullin, L. B.
name: Phillips, L. C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The application of microbubbles and ultrasound to deliver nanoparticle carriers for drug and gene delivery is an area that has expanded greatly in recent years. Under ultrasound exposure, microbubbles can enhance nanoparticle delivery by increasing cellular and vascular permeability. In this review, the underlying mechanisms of enhanced nanoparticle delivery with ultrasound and microbubbles and various proposed delivery techniques are discussed. Additionally, types of nanoparticles currently being investigated in preclinical studies, as well as the general limitations and benefits of a microbubble-based approach to nanoparticle delivery are reviewed.
Retrieval stopping can reduce distress from aversive memories
Creators: name: Nishiyama, Satoru
name: Saito, Satoru
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Aversive memories have the potential to impair one’s psychological well-being. It is desirable to reduce the anguish over such memories, as well as the chance that they will be retrieved. In two experiments, we investigated whether retrieval stopping reduces the distress elicited by negative memories retrieved from cues and how the effects of retrieval stopping are modulated by mental disorders, such as depression and anxiety. Participants engaged in retrieval stopping of aversive scene memories without any diversionary thoughts (direct suppression, Experiment 1) or with diversionary positive thoughts (thought substitution, Experiment 2). Direct suppression reduced arousal elicited by the retrieval of aversive memories, while thought substitution did not only reduce arousal but also increased positive valence. Self-reported anxious/depressive symptoms negatively modulated the effects of direct suppression. For no or mild anxious/depressed individuals, direct suppression alleviated negative valence and high arousal when retrieving aversive memories. The negative relationship was not observed between the severity of the symptoms and the effect of thought substitution. These findings suggest that both retrieval stopping strategies can reduce distress from aversive memories.
Multi-TeV flaring from blazars: Markarian 421 a case study
Creators: name: Sahu, Sarira
name: Miranda, Luis Salvador
name: Rajpoot, Subhash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The TeV blazar Markarian 421 underwent multi-TeV flaring during April 2004 and simultaneously observed in x-ray and TeV energies. It was observed that the TeV outbursts had no counterparts in the lower energies, which implies that this might be an orphan flare. In the context of hadronic model, we have shown that this multi-TeV flaring can be produced due to the interaction of Fermi-accelerated protons of energy $\lesssim 168$ TeV with the background photons in the low energy tail of the synchrotron self-Compton spectrum of the blazar jet. We fit very well the flaring spectrum with this model. Based on this study, we speculate that Mrk 501 and PG 1553+113 are possible candidates for orphan flaring in the future.
description: 8 pages, two columns, 3 figures
Viscoelastic response (VisR) imaging for assessment of viscoelasticity in voigt materials
Creators: name: Gallippi, Caterina M.
name: Selzo, Mallory R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Viscoelastic response (VisR) imaging is presented as a new acoustic radiation force (ARF)-based elastographic imaging method. Exploiting the Voigt model, VisR imaging estimates displacement in only the ARF region of excitation from one or two successive ARF impulses to estimate τσ, the relaxation time for constant stress. Double-push VisR τσ estimates were not statistically significantly different (p < 0.02) from those of shearwave dispersion ultrasound vibrometry (SDUV) or monitored steady-state excitation recovery (MSSER) ultrasound in six homogeneous viscoelastic tissue mimicking phantoms with elastic moduli ranging from 3.92 to 15.34 kPa and coefficients of viscosity ranging from 0.87 to 14.06 Pa·s. In two-dimensional imaging, double-push VisR τσ images discriminated a viscous spherical inclusion in a structured phantom with higher CNR over a larger axial range than single-push VisR or conventional acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) ultrasound. Finally, 2-D in vivo double-push VisR images in normal canine semitendinosus muscle were compared with spatially matched histochemistry to corroborate lower double-push VisR τσ values in highly collagenated connective tissue than in muscle, suggesting double-push VisR’s in vivo relevance to diagnostic imaging, particularly in muscle. The key advantages and disadvantages to VisR, including lack of compensation for inertial terms, are discussed.
MPEC 2024-R300 : 2024 RR14
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 RR14

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Call for participants in English as a Lingua Franca questionnaire
Creators: name: Delogu, Paolo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: TESOL
English as a Lingua Franca
Global Englishes
Textbooks & Materials
Call for Participants

description: Dear all, Are you attending a Master’s programme in the UK to become a teacher of English in the future? Have you learned about English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) or Global Englishes? If so, you are welcome to participate in a short 25-minute survey for a doctoral project on ELF materials and earn the chance to receive a monetary compensation of £5 for your time and efforts. For more information on the project itself, please consult the participant information sheet attached to this message. If it sounds interesting, please complete the questionnaire at this link:
 https://viis.abdn.ac.uk/snapwebhost/s.asp?k=169046958165 If you need clarifications, please contact me directly at this e-mail address: p.delogu.21@abdn.ac.uk I would appreciate it if you could complete the questionnaire as soon as possible. If you know of any students who may be interested in this survey, you are welcome to share this call with them. Thank you for participating. Paolo Delogu
The mystery remains: breadth of attention in Flanker and Navon tasks unaffected by affective states induced by an appraisal manipulation
Creators: name: Kolnes, Martin
name: Gentsch, Kornelia
name: van Steenbergen, Henk
name: Uusberg, Andero
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Affective effects on breadth of attention have been related to aspects of different components of affective states such as the arousal and valence of affective experience and the motivational intensity of action tendency. As none of these explanations fully aligns with existing evidence, we hypothesised that affective effects on breadth of attention may arise from the appraisal component of affective states. Based on this reconceptualisation, we tested the effects of conduciveness and power appraisals on two measures of breadth of attention. In two web-based experiments, we manipulated these appraisals in a 2 × 2 design using a game-like arithmetic task where participants could (1) gain or lose rewards (goal conducive vs. obstructive) based on (2) either their action or the actions of a “robot” (high vs. low power). Breadth of attention was assessed using the flanker task (Experiment 1; n = 236) and the Navon task (Experiment 2; n = 215). We found that appraisals did not directly influence breadth of attention even though high power appraisal significantly improved the overall performance in both experiments indicating successful appraisal manipulation. We discuss ways in which these findings inform future efforts to explain the origins of affective effects on attentional breadth.
$F$-manifolds, multi-flat structures and Painlevé transcendents
Creators: name: Arsie, Alessandro
name: Lorenzoni, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we study $F$-manifolds equipped with multiple flat connections (and multiple $F$-products), that are required to be compatible in a suitable sense. In the semisimple case we show that a necessary condition for the existence of such multiple flat connections can be expressed in terms of the integrability of a distribution of vector fields that are related to the eventual identities for the multiple products involved. Using this fact we show that in general there can not be multi-flat structures with more than three flat connections. When the relevant distributions are integrable we construct bi-flat $F$-manifolds in dimension $2$ and $3$, and tri-flat $F$-manifolds in dimensions $3$ and $4$. In particular we obtain a parametrization of three-dimensional bi-flat $F$ in terms of a system of six first order ODEs that can be reduced to the full family of P$_{VI}$ equation and we construct non-trivial examples of four dimensional tri-flat $F$ manifolds that are controlled by hypergeometric functions. In the second part of the paper we extend our analysis to include non-semisimple multi-flat $F$-manifolds. We show that in dimension three, regular non-semisimple bi-flat $F$-manifolds are locally parameterized by solutions of the full P$_{IV}$ and P$_{V}$ equations, according to the Jordan normal form of the endomorphism $L=E\circ$. Combining this result with the local parametrization of $3$-dimensional bi-flat $F$-manifolds we have that confluences of P$_{IV}$, P$_{V}$ and P$_{VI}$ correspond to collisions of eigenvalues of $L$ preserving the regularity. Furthermore, we show that contrary to the semisimple situation, it is possible to construct regular non-semisimple multi-flat $F$-manifolds, with any number of compatible flat connections.
description: 69 pages, appendix added
Additional file 1 of Integrative analysis of time course metabolic data and biomarker discovery
Creators: name: Takoua Jendoubi
name: Ebbels, Timothy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1 Worked example. We illustrate a fully reproducible application of the iCARH package to a publicly available dataset from [55].
Unified Capacity Limit of Non-coherent Wideband Fading Channels
Creators: name: Gomez-Cuba, Felipe
name: Du, Jinfeng
name: Médard, Muriel
name: Erkip, Elza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In non-coherent wideband fading channels where energy rather than spectrum is the limiting resource, peaky and non-peaky signaling schemes have long been considered species apart, as the first approaches asymptotically the capacity of a wideband AWGN channel with the same average SNR, whereas the second reaches a peak rate at some finite critical bandwidth and then falls to zero as bandwidth grows to infinity. In this paper it is shown that this distinction is in fact an artifact of the limited attention paid in the past to the product between the bandwidth and the fraction of time it is in use. This fundamental quantity, called bandwidth occupancy, measures average bandwidth usage over time. For all signaling schemes with the same bandwidth occupancy, achievable rates approach to the wideband AWGN capacity within the same gap as the bandwidth occupancy approaches its critical value, and decrease to zero as the occupancy goes to infinity. This unified analysis produces quantitative closed-form expressions for the ideal bandwidth occupancy, recovers the existing capacity results for (non-)peaky signaling schemes, and unveils a trade-off between the accuracy of approximating capacity with a generalized Taylor polynomial and the accuracy with which the optimal bandwidth occupancy can be bounded.
description: Accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications. Copyright may be transferred without notice
A preliminary engineering design of intravascular dual-frequency transducers for contrast-enhanced acoustic angiography and molecular imaging
Creators: name: Martin, K. Heath
name: Jiang, Xiaoning
name: Dayton, Paul A.
name: Ma, Jianguo
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Current intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) probes are not optimized for contrast detection because of their design for high-frequency fundamental-mode imaging. However, data from transcutaneous contrast imaging suggests the possibility of utilizing contrast ultrasound for molecular imaging or vasa vasorum assessment to further elucidate atherosclerotic plaque deposition. This paper presents the design, fabrication, and characterization of a small-aperture (0.6 × 3 mm) IVUS probe optimized for high-frequency contrast imaging. The design utilizes a dual-frequency (6.5 MHz/30 MHz) transducer arrangement for exciting microbubbles at low frequencies (near their resonance) and detecting their broadband harmonics at high frequencies, minimizing detected tissue backscatter. The prototype probe is able to generate nonlinear microbubble response with more than 1.2 MPa of rarefractional pressure (mechanical index: 0.48) at 6.5 MHz, and is also able to detect microbubble response with a broadband receiving element (center frequency: 30 MHz, −6-dB fractional bandwidth: 58.6%). Nonlinear super-harmonics from microbubbles flowing through a 200-μm-diameter micro-tube were clearly detected with a signal-to-noise ratio higher than 12 dB. Preliminary phantom imaging at the fundamental frequency (30 MHz) and dual-frequency super-harmonic imaging results suggest the promise of small aperture, dual-frequency IVUS transducers for contrast-enhanced IVUS imaging.
Spatial coherence in human tissue: implications for imaging and measurement
Creators: name: Pinton, Gianmarco
name: Trahey, Gregg
name: Dahl, Jeremy
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The spatial coherence properties of the signal backscattered by human tissue and measured by an ultrasound transducer array are investigated. Fourier acoustics are used to describe the propagation of ultrasound through a model of tissue that includes reverberation and random scatterering in the imaging plane. The theoretical development describes how the near-field tissue layer, transducer aperture properties, and reflectivity function at the focus reduce the spatial coherence of the imaging wave measured at the transducer surface. Simulations are used to propagate the acoustic field through a histologically characterized sample of the human abdomen and to validate the theoretical predictions. In vivo measurements performed with a diagnostic ultrasound scanner demonstrate that simulations and theory closely match the measured spatial coherence characteristics in the human body across the transducer array’s entire spatial extent. The theoretical framework and simulations are then used to describe the physics of spatial coherence imaging, a type of ultrasound imaging that measures coherence properties instead of echo brightness. The same echo data from an F/2 transducer was used to generate B-mode and short lag spatial coherence images. For an anechoic lesion at the focus the contrast to noise ratio is 1.21 for conventional B-mode imaging and 1.95 for spatial coherence imaging. It is shown that the contrast in spatial coherence imaging depends on the properties of the near-field tissue layer and the backscattering function in the focal plane.
Supplementary document for A CNN-based approach for 3D artefact correction of intensity diffraction tomography images - 7058354.pdf
Creators: name: PIERRÉ, William
name: Briard, Matéo
name: Desissaire, Sylvia
name: Dhellemmes, Magali
name: Del Llano, Edgar
name: Leouillet, Corinne
name: Ray, Pierre
name: Arnoult, Christophe
name: Allier, Cédric
name: Hervé, Lionel
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biomedical Instrumentation

description: Supplemental Document
MOESM1 of Correction to: The Japanese version of the questionnaire about the process of recovery: development and validity and reliability testing
Creators: name: Kanehara, Akiko
name: Kotake, Risa
name: Miyamoto, Yuki
name: Kumakura, Yousuke
name: Morita, Kentaro
name: Ishiura, Tomoko
name: Shimizu, Kimiko
name: Fujieda, Yumiko
name: Shuntaro Ando
name: Kondo, Shinsuke
name: Kasai, Kiyoto
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Japanese version of the Questionnaire about the Process of Recovery (QPR-J).
Dual-frequency acoustic droplet vaporization detection for medical imaging
Creators: name: Sheeran, Paul S.
name: Puett, Connor
name: Moyer, Linsey C.
name: Dayton, Paul A.
name: Arena, Christopher B.
name: Novell, Anthony
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Liquid-filled perfluorocarbon droplets emit a unique acoustic signature when vaporized into to gas-filled microbubbles using ultrasound. Here, we conducted a pilot study in a tissue-mimicking flow phantom to explore the spatial aspects of droplet vaporization and investigate the effects of applied pressure and droplet concentration on image contrast and axial and lateral resolution. Control microbubble contrast agents were used for comparison. A confocal dual-frequency transducer was used to transmit at 8 MHz and passively receive at 1 MHz. Droplet signals were of significantly higher energy than microbubble signals. This resulted in improved signal separation and high contrast-to-tissue ratios (CTR). Specifically, with a peak negative pressure (PNP) of 450 kPa applied at the focus, the CTR of B-mode images was 18.3 dB for droplets and −0.4 for microbubbles. The lateral resolution was dictated by the size of the droplet activation area, with lower pressures resulting in smaller activation areas and improved lateral resolution (0.67 mm at 450 kPa). The axial resolution in droplet images was dictated by the size of the initial droplet and independent of the properties of the transmit pulse (3.86 mm at 450 kPa). In post-processing, time-domain averaging (TDA) improved droplet and microbubble signal separation at high pressures (640 kPa and 700 kPa). Taken together, these results indicate that it is possible to generate high-sensitivity, high-contrast images of vaporization events. In the future, this has the potential to be applied in combination with droplet-mediated therapy to track treatment outcomes or as a stand-alone diagnostic system to monitor the physical properties of the surrounding environment.
Supplementary document for A CNN-based approach for 3D artefact correction of intensity diffraction tomography images - 7087778.pdf
Creators: name: PIERRÉ, William
name: Briard, Matéo
name: Godefroy, Guillaume
name: Desissaire, Sylvia
name: Dhellemmes, Magali
name: Del Llano, Edgar
name: Leouillet, Corinne
name: Ray, Pierre
name: Arnoult, Christophe
name: Allier, Cédric
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biomedical Instrumentation

description: Supplemental document
title: L’etica della moda
Creators: name: Capitanio , Maria Elena
Publisher: name: Roma Tre-Press
Year: 2013

description: Le domande dell'etica sono innumerevoli e ambigue, ma hanno obiettivi comuni, tra cui quello di definire e descrivere la nostra attività. Un'etica della moda è possibile e assai interessante, soprattutto oggi che il termine "moda" non si riferisce più all'abito squisitamente inteso, ma è una questione di linguaggi e soprattutto di simboli.

description: B@belonline vol. 14/15 Filosofia e pratiche filosofiche