cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Effects of restrictions on parameter estimates of US agricultural production
Creators: name: Plastina, Alejandro
name: Lence, Sergio H.
name: Plastina, Alejandro
name: Lence, Sergio H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Production Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Agricultural production
subject: Bayesian estimation
subject: monotonicity
subject: concavity
subject: flexible functional forms
subject: generalized quadratic

description: The economic theory of producer behavior requires certain conditions to hold in order for a functional form to be representative of a production technology. Agricultural production studies are usually conducted using classical econometrics that do not allow for the imposition of curvature conditions in flexible functional forms. Therefore, some conditions required by economic theory do not hold globally in estimation. Some studies report the proportion of the sample for which curvature conditions do not hold, and the reader is warned about the unknown distorting effects that those data points might have on their final results.Bayesian methods allow for the imposition of first- and second-order restrictions in the estimation of flexible functional forms. We estimate a flexible representation of the US agricultural production technology using Bayesian econometrics under alternative sets of restrictions, and elaborate on the effects of the restrictions on the pdfs of the parameter estimates.
Halipegus eccentricus Thomas 1944
Creators: name: Xue, Xiao-Feng
name: Song, Zi-Wei
name: Hong, Xiao-Yue
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Platyhelminthes
Trematoda
Plagiorchiida
Derogenidae
Halipegus
Halipegus eccentricus

description: Halipegus eccentricus Thomas, 1944
 Site of infection: Eustachian tubes.
 Recruitment: ingestion.
 Distribution: USA: Michigan (Thomas 1939; Muzzall 2005, in tadpoles); Nebraska (Brooks et al. 2006a).
 Specimens in collections: USNPC: 9203 (holotype and paratypes).
 Remarks: This species was described by Thomas (1939) based on immature specimens parasitizing L. catesbeianus, but the material was deposited in USNPC as parasite of L. clamitans. McAlpine and Burt (1998b) considered this species a junior synonym of H occidualis, but Zelmer and Esch (1999) and McAlpine (2006) rejected this suggestion.
description: Published as part of Xue, Xiao-Feng, Song, Zi-Wei & Hong, Xiao-Yue, 2010, Five new species of Anthocoptini from China (Acari: Eriophyidae), pp. 1-53 in Zootaxa 2544 on page 14, DOI: 10.15468/um2vzb, http://zenodo.org/record/5303209
National Survey of Countryside Recreation, 1980
National Survey of Countryside Recreation, 1977-1984
Creators: name: Survey Research Associates Limited
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 1986

description: The aims of this survey were:

1. To discover who uses the countryside, how often, and what they do there;

2. To investigate attitudes to the countryside;

3. To look at participation/non-participation in terms of various explanatory variables - age, sex, class, income, car ownership, attitudes, location.
Outcome of Different Sequencing and Assembly Approaches on the Detection of Plasmids and Localization of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Commensal Escherichia coli
Creators: name: Juraschek, Katharina
name: Borowiak, Maria
name: Tausch, Simon H.
name: Malorny, Burkhard
name: Käsbohrer, Annemarie
name: Otani, Saria
name: Schwarz, Stefan
name: Meemken, Diana
name: Deneke, Carlus
name: Hammerl, Jens Andre
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: AMR
subject: mobile genetic elements
subject: qnrS
subject: hybrid assembly
subject: long-read sequencing
subject: shortread sequencing
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::616 Krankheiten

description: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major threat to public health worldwide. Currently, AMR typing changes from phenotypic testing to whole-genome sequence (WGS)-based detection of resistance determinants for a better understanding of the isolate diversity and elements involved in gene transmission (e.g., plasmids, bacteriophages, transposons). However, the use of WGS data in monitoring purposes requires suitable techniques, standardized parameters and approved guidelines for reliable AMR gene detection and prediction of their association with mobile genetic elements (plasmids). In this study, different sequencing and assembly strategies were tested for their suitability in AMR monitoring in Escherichia coli in the routines of the German National Reference Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistances. To assess the outcomes of the different approaches, results from in silico predictions were compared with conventional phenotypic- and genotypic-typing data. With the focus on (fluoro)quinolone-resistant E.coli, five qnrS-positive isolates with multiple extrachromosomal elements were subjected to WGS with NextSeq (Illumina), PacBio (Pacific BioSciences) and ONT (Oxford Nanopore) for in depth characterization of the qnrS1-carrying plasmids. Raw reads from short- and long-read sequencing were assembled individually by Unicycler or Flye or a combination of both (hybrid assembly). The generated contigs were subjected to bioinformatics analysis. Based on the generated data, assembly of long-read sequences are error prone and can yield in a loss of small plasmid genomes. In contrast, short-read sequencing was shown to be insufficient for the prediction of a linkage of AMR genes (e.g., qnrS1) to specific plasmid sequences. Furthermore, short-read sequencing failed to detect certain duplications and was unsuitable for genome finishing. Overall, the hybrid assembly led to the most comprehensive typing results, especially in predicting associations of AMR genes and mobile genetic elements. Thus, the use of different sequencing technologies and hybrid assemblies currently represents the best approach for reliable AMR typing and risk assessment.
Diffractive Physics at the LHC
Creators: name: Trzebinski, Maciej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diffractive processes possible to be measured at the LHC are listed and briefly discussed. This includes soft (elastic scattering, exclusive meson pair production, diffractive bremsstrahlung) and hard (single and double Pomeron exchange jets, $γ$+jet, W/Z, jet-gap-jet, exclusive jets) processes as well as Beyond Stanrad Model phenomena (anomalous gauge couplings, magnetic monopoles).
Impact of On-Farm Interventions against CTX-Resistant Escherichia coli on the Contamination of Carcasses before and during an Experimental Slaughter
Creators: name: Projahn, Michaela
name: Sachsenroeder, Jana
name: Correia-Carreira, Guido
name: Becker, Evelyne
name: Martin, Annett
name: Thomas, Christian
name: Hobe, Carolin
name: Reich, Felix
name: Robé, Caroline
name: Roesler, Uwe
name: Kaesbohrer, Annemarie
name: Bandick, Niels
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: broiler
subject: chicken
subject: control measures
subject: ESBL
subject: pAmpC
subject: slaughter
subject: Enterobacteriaceae
subject: farming conditions
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::636 Viehwirtschaft
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::616 Krankheiten

description: Cefotaxime (CTX)-resistant Enterobacteriaceae are still an ongoing challenge in human and veterinary health. High prevalence of these resistant bacteria is detected in broiler chickens and the prevention of their dissemination along the production pyramid is of major concern. The impact of certain on-farm interventions on the external bacterial contamination of broiler chickens, as well as their influence on single processing steps and (cross-) contamination, have not yet been evaluated. Therefore, we investigated breast skin swab samples of broiler chickens before and during slaughter at an experimental slaughter facility. Broiler chickens were previously challenged with CTX-resistant Escherichia coli strains in a seeder-bird model and subjected to none (control group (CG)) or four different on-farm interventions: drinking water supplementation based on organic acids (DW), slow growing breed Rowan × Ranger (RR), reduced stocking density (25 kg/sqm) and competitive exclusion with Enterobacteriales strain IHIT36098(CE). Chickens of RR, 25 kg/sqm, and CE showed significant reductions of the external contamination compared to CG. The evaluation of a visual scoring system indicated that wet and dirty broiler chickens are more likely a vehicle for the dissemination of CTX-resistant and total Enterobacteriaceae into the slaughterhouses and contribute to higher rates of (cross-) contamination during processing.
Deep HST Imaging of Sextans A I. The Spatially Resolved Recent Star Formation History
Creators: name: Dohm-Palmer, R. C.
name: Skillman, E. D.
name: Mateo, M.
name: Saha, A.
name: Dolphin, A.
name: Tolstoy, E.
name: Gallagher, J. S.
name: Cole, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured stellar photometry from deep Cycle 7 Hubble Space Telescope/WFPC2 imaging of the dwarf irregular galaxy Sextans A. The imaging was taken in three filters: F555W ($V$; 8 orbits), F814W ($I$; 16 orbits), and F656N (H$α$; 1 orbit). Combining these data with Cycle 5 WFPC2 observations provides nearly complete coverage of the optically visible portion of the galaxy. The Cycle 7 observations are nearly 2 magnitudes more sensitive than the Cycle 5 observations, which provides unambiguous separation of the faint blue helium burning stars (BHeB stars) from contaminant populations. The depth of the photometry allows us to compare recent star formation histories recovered from both the main sequence (MS) stars and the BHeB stars for the last 300 Myr. The excellent agreement between these independent star formation rate (SFR) calculations is a resounding confirmation for the legitimacy of using the BHeB stars to calculate the recent SFR. Using the BHeB stars we have calculated the global star formation history over the past 700 Myr. The history calculated from the Cycle 7 data is remarkably identical to that calculated from the Cycle 5 data, implying that both halves of the galaxy formed stars in concert. We have also calculated the spatially resolved star formation history, combining the fields from the Cycle 5 and Cycle 7 data. Our interpretation of the pattern of star formation is that it is an orderly stochastic process.
description: 27 pages, 14 figures, 2 mpeg movies, accepted in the Astronomical Journal
Halipegus occidualis Stafford 1905
Creators: name: Xue, Xiao-Feng
name: Song, Zi-Wei
name: Hong, Xiao-Yue
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Platyhelminthes
Trematoda
Plagiorchiida
Derogenidae
Halipegus
Halipegus occidualis

description: Halipegus occidualis Stafford, 1905
 Site of infection: Eustachian tubes, mouth, stomach.
 Recruitment: ingestion.
 Distribution: Canada: New Brunswick (McAlpine 1997a, 1997b; 1998; McAlpine & Burt 1998b; NBM); Ontario (Stafford 1905; CMNPA). USA: Massachusetts (McAlpine & Burt 1998b); Nebraska (Brooks 1976); Pennsylvania (USNPC).
 Specimens in collections: CMNPA: 1900-1629 (type). HWML: 20098-20101. NBM: 759-761, 1242, 1243, 1254, 1255. USNPC: 31124, 36883.02.
 Remarks: This digenean species has been recorded from southern Canada, across USA to Mexico, in different species of amphibians (Zelmer & Brooks 2000).
description: Published as part of Xue, Xiao-Feng, Song, Zi-Wei & Hong, Xiao-Yue, 2010, Five new species of Anthocoptini from China (Acari: Eriophyidae), pp. 1-53 in Zootaxa 2544 on pages 14-15, DOI: 10.15468/um2vzb, http://zenodo.org/record/5303209
International Migration, Remittance Income, and Income Diversification Strategies among Rural Farm Households in Transitional Albania
Creators: name: Seidu, Ayuba
name: Onel, Gulcan
name: Seidu, Ayuba
name: Onel, Gulcan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: International Development
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: international migration
subject: remittances
subject: nonfarm income
subject: transition economies
subject: rural Albania.

description: The overarching consensus in the applied migration literature is that international migration is typically used to transition out of agricultural sector by rural households in transition economies. In this paper, using data on rural Albanian households, we examine whether international migration of some household members affects the household’s nonfarm activity choices and earnings generated from these activities. In addition, we test whether remittance income received from migrant household members have an indirect effect on households’ agricultural production. We find no apparent relationship between nonfarm activity choice and the number of international migrants in the farm household. However, we find that remittance income is positively and significantly related to households’ propensity to reallocate farm labor to nonfarm self-employment activities, resulting in higher income from non-farm self-employment. In addition, remittance income affects farm income in a positive and significant way. This suggests that previous studies likely underestimated the overall impact of international migration on agricultural production in rural Albania, as they usually ignored the additional remittance income effect. Overall, our empirical findings support the basic tenets of rural income diversification, where the farm household has a diversified portfolio of income-generating activities, in addition to farming. The results suggest that international migration facilitates income diversification among Albanian farm households rather than their exit out of agriculture.
Rapidity-dependent eccentricity scaling in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
Creators: name: Franco, Rodrigo
name: Luzum, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is a well-established relation between the spatial asymmetry in the initial stage of a heavy-ion collision and the final momentum anisotropy, which allows for a separation of effects from initial conditions vs. later evolution and has proved exceptionally powerful. However, until recently it has only been studied in two dimensions -- either through boost-invariant simulations or studying only quantities at mid-rapidity. We explore an extension to 3 dimensions, in order to determine whether a similar understanding can be obtained for the rapidity dependence of the collision system. In particular, we introduce rapidity-dependent eccentricities and investigate a trivial extension of the 2D eccentricity scaling of elliptic and triangular flow, as well as a way to systematically improve these initial-state estimators. We then explore the dependence of the resulting response coefficients on shear viscosity and initial total energy.
description: 7 pages, 10 figures; v2: addition of Appendix B with discussion about another possible term in gradient expansion of eccentricities, version accepted for publication
Aerodynamic Dispersion of Respiratory Droplets and Aerosols by Turbulent Airflow
Creators: name: Cornejo, Pablo
name: Guerrero, Nicolás
name: Sandoval, Vicente
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: droplet and aerosols propagation
subject: turbulence
subject: CFD
subject: urban aerodynamics
subject: WMLES
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::301 Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: The precautionary measures recommended during the current COVID-19 pandemic do not consider the effect of turbulent airflow. We found the propagation of droplets and aerosols highly affected by this condition. The spread of respiratory droplets by the action of sneezing is characterized by the dynamics of two groups of droplets of different sizes: Larger droplets (300–900 μm) have a ballistic trajectory and can be spread up to 5 m, while a cloud of smaller droplets (100–200 μm) can be transported and dispersed at longer distances up to 18 m by the action of the turbulent airflow. In relation to the spread of exhaled aerosols during respiration, these remain in the air for long periods of time. In the presence of intense or moderate airflow, this set of particles follow airflow streamlines, and thus their propagation is directly determined by the air velocity field. Given the scientific evidence, these results should be considered in public debate about the aerodynamic dispersion characteristics of scenarios where social interactions occur and about the measures to mitigate the spread of the virus.
Astrophysical Tests of Lorentz Symmetry in Electrodynamics
Creators: name: Mewes, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this talk presented at the Fourth International Workshop on New Worlds in Astroparticle Physics, I discuss recent constraints on Lorentz violation in electrodynamics. The observed absence of birefringence of light that has propagated over cosmological distances bounds some coefficients for Lorentz violation to 2 x 10^{-32}.
description: 7 pages, invited talk at the Fourth International Workshop on New Worlds in Astroparticle Physics, Faro, Portugal, September, 2002
Coagulation factor VIII, white matter hyperintensities and cognitive function: Results from the Cardiovascular Health Study
Creators: name: Rohmann, Jessica L.
name: Longstreth, W. T.
name: Cushman, Mary
name: Fitzpatrick, Annette L.
name: Heckbert, Susan R.
name: Rice, Kenneth
name: Rosendaal, Frits R.
name: Sitlani, Colleen M.
name: Psaty, Bruce M.
name: Siegerink, Bob
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Blood Coagulation
subject: Cross-Sectional Studies
subject: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
subject: Mental Status and Dementia Tests
subject: Up-Regulation
subject: White Matter
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Objective: To investigate the relationship between high FVIII clotting activity (FVIII:C), MRI-defined white matter hyperintensities (WMH) and cognitive function over time. Methods: Data from the population-based Cardiovascular Health Study (n = 5,888, aged ≥ 65) were used. FVIII:C was measured in blood samples taken at baseline. WMH burden was assessed on two cranial MRI scans taken roughly 5 years apart. Cognitive function was assessed annually using the Modified Mini-Mental State Examination (3MSE) and Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). We used ordinal logistic regression models adjusted for demographic and cardiovascular factors in cross-sectional and longitudinal WMH analyses, and adjusted linear regression and linear mixed models in the analyses of cognitive function. Results: After adjustment for confounding, higher levels of FVIII:C were not strongly associated with the burden of WMH on the initial MRI scan (OR>p75 = 1.20, 95% CI 0.99-1.45; N = 2,735) nor with WMH burden worsening over time (OR>p75 = 1.18, 95% CI 0.87-1.59; N = 1,527). High FVIII:C showed no strong association with cognitive scores cross-sectionally (3MSE>p75 β = -0.06, 95%CI -0.45 to 0.32, N = 4,005; DSST>p75 β = -0.69, 95%CI -1.52 to 0.13, N = 3,954) or over time (3MSE>p75 β = -0.07,95% CI -0.58 to 0.44, N = 2,764; DSST>p75 β = -0.22, 95% CI -0.97 to 0.53, N = 2,306) after confounding adjustment. Interpretation: The results from this cohort study of older adult participants indicate no strong relationships between higher FVIII:C levels and WMH burden or cognitive function in cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses.
Alpha Discovery Neural Network based on Prior Knowledge
Creators: name: Fang, Jie
name: Xia, Shutao
name: Lin, Jianwu
name: Xia, Zhikang
name: Liu, Xiang
name: Jiang, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Genetic programming (GP) is the state-of-the-art in financial automated feature construction task. It employs reverse polish expression to represent features and then conducts the evolution process. However, with the development of deep learning, more powerful feature extraction tools are available. This paper proposes Alpha Discovery Neural Network (ADNN), a tailored neural network structure which can automatically construct diversified financial technical indicators based on prior knowledge. We mainly made three contributions. First, we use domain knowledge in quantitative trading to design the sampling rules and object function. Second, pre-training and model pruning has been used to replace genetic programming, because it can conduct more efficient evolution process. Third, the feature extractors in ADNN can be replaced by different feature extractors and produce different functions. The experiment results show that ADNN can construct more informative and diversified features than GP, which can effectively enriches the current factor pool. The fully-connected network and recurrent network are better at extracting information from the financial time series than the convolution neural network. In real practice, features constructed by ADNN can always improve multi-factor strategies' revenue, sharpe ratio, and max draw-down, compared with the investment strategies without these factors.
description: Accepted by KDD-2020-ML in Finance, 8 pages. KDD 2020 Workshop on Machine Learning in Finance. https://sites.google.com/view/kdd-mlf-2020/home
Product Preferences of Farmers in the North Carolina Piedmont
Creators: name: Okefi, Uchenna
name: Ejimakor, Godfrey
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Agriculture, Business, Economics, Marketing, Farmers, Product, Market Research

description: Title: Product Preferences for Farmers in the North Carolina Piedmont

Authors: Uchenna Okefi and Godfrey Ejimakor

Abstract

We evaluated the most common products produced by farmers in the North Carolina (NC) Piedmont. Tomatoes is the plant product that is most produced by farmers while beef is the number one livestock product.  New and beginning farmers need to consider these products as ones that are easily marketable.

Statement of Problem

Selling food locally helps farmers to keep a larger portion of each dollar spent on food.  However, local food markets may limit the volume of sales that a farmer may achieve. Delays in the marketing of farm products such as produce may result in higher spoilage rates with adverse financial consequences for farmers.  This could affect the resiliency of farm families especially limited resource ones. Farmers interested in selling food locally will have to be careful in their product selection.  Consideration must be given to the shelf life of the product in addition to the product’s suitability for local market and weather conditions.

Methods

We used survey data to identify farm products that are popular with farmers in the Piedmont Triad region of North Carolina.  We requested local farmers who have an interest in local food marketing to list all the products that they produce.  We used the listings to generate a frequency distribution for the products.  We then ranked the products to identify the most and least produced ones.  Our findings will help new and existing farmers to determine the products that are more suitable for the local food market.

Summary and Conclusion

A simple majority of local farmers in the NC Piedmonts produce tomatoes. The number one livestock produced by the farmers is beef. These results suggest that these products need to be considered by new farmers in the region.
Economics of Ocean Culture of Giant Clams: Internal Rate of Return Analysis for Tridacna gigas
Creators: name: Tisdell, Clem
name: Tacconi, Luca
name: Barker, J.R.
name: Lucas, J.S.
name: Tisdell, Clem
name: Tacconi, Luca
name: Barker, J.R.
name: Lucas, J.S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Tridacna gigas
subject: giant clam farming
subject: CBA
subject: Internal rate of return

description: Estimates the internal rate of return on costs of investment in a ‘standard’ giant clam farm involved in the ocean phase of giant clam mariculture as a function of the period of ocean growout of Tridacna gigas using Australian data obtained from trials at Orpheus Island Marine Research Station. The standard ocean 'farm is assumed each year to place 100,000 seed clams of approximately one year of age. The optimal length of time to hold them is estimated to be 10 years when they are sold for their meat at $5 per kg at the farm gate. This yields an estimated internal rate of return of 19.5% and maximises the net present value or capitalised value of the farm. The method used to estimate the optimal rotation or harvest cycle for giant clams is similar to that used in the forestry economics literature for determining forest rotation cycles.
Extended right posterior liver sectionectomy for HCC in a patient with left ventricular assist device—a case report
Creators: name: Timmermann, Lea
name: Schmelzle, Moritz
name: Potapov, Evgenij
name: Müller, Marcus
name: Lojewski, Christian
name: Pratschke, Johann
name: Schöning, Wenzel
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: chronic terminal heart failure
subject: ventricular assist devices
subject: liver sectionectomy
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Successful implementation of left ventricular assist devices lead to a prolonged survival in patients with chronic terminal heart failure. Thus, patients with pre-existing left ventricular assist devices with abdominal comorbidities requiring abdominal surgery, e.g. for malignancy, are upcoming issues. We carried out a major liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma in a patient with pre-existing left ventricular assist device. The importance of this case report is that it outlines the significance of oncologic resections in patients with left ventricular assist devices as an upcoming issue and provides an interdisciplinary approach.
Socio-economic Aspects of Giant Clams in the Lau Group, Fiji and Farming Prospects: Results of Field Research
Creators: name: Vuki, Veikila
name: Tisdell, Clem
name: Tacconi, Luca
name: Vuki, Veikila
name: Tisdell, Clem
name: Tacconi, Luca
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: giant clam
subject: Fiji
subject: Lakeba Island
subject: Lau group
subject: harvesting of giant clams
subject: gender roles
subject: subtidal farming
subject: intertidal farming

description: Reports the result of a survey of villagers on the islands of Lakeba, Tuvuca, Cicia, Balavu and two islands of Ono-i-Lau, in the Lau Group, Fiji. Information was gathered about the presence of giant clam species, changes in their abundance, uses, harvesting methods and gender roles in harvesting. Other matters investigated were taste for clams, rules on harvesting and exchanging clams, interest in clam farming, likely role of men and women in clam farming, especially in subtidal versus intertidal farming, and the prospects for giant clam farming in the village communities. This paper reports the results on a village-by-village basis and overall.
TMEM63C, a Potential Novel Target for Albuminuria Development, Is Regulated by MicroRNA-564 and Transforming Growth Factor beta in Human Renal Cells
Creators: name: Orphal, Miriam
name: Gillespie, Allan
name: Böhme, Karen
name: Subrova, Jana
name: Eisenreich, Andreas
name: Kreutz, Reinhold
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: MicroRNA
subject: Podocyte
subject: Transforming growth factor beta
subject: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition
subject: Transmembrane protein 63C
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Introduction: Transmembrane protein (TMEM) 63C is a member of the TMEM gene family and was recently linked to glomerular filtration barrier function and albuminuria. Its molecular function and expression regulation are largely unknown. Objective: In this study, we set out to characterize the regulating impact of microRNAs (miRNAs) such as miRNA-564 (miR-564) on TMEM63C expression in renal cells. Also, we examined the influence of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-ß) on TMEM63C expression and the potential impact of TMEM63C inhibition on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in renal cells and on cell viability in human embryonic kidney 293 cells (HEK 293). Methods: Expression analyses were done using real-time PCR and Western blot. Dual luciferase assay was performed to determine the miRNA-mediated expression control. Cell viability was assessed via trypan blue exclusion staining. Results and Conclusions: MiR-564 reduced TMEM63C expression in HEK 293 and human podocytes (hPC). The treatment of renal cells with TGF-ß led to an increased expression of TMEM63C. Moreover, a reduced TMEM63C expression was associated with a changed ratio of EMT marker proteins such as α-smooth muscle actin versus E-cadherin in HEK 293 and decreased nephrin expression in hPC. In addition, cell viability was reduced upon inhibition of TMEM63C expression in HEK 293. This study demonstrates first mechanisms involved in TMEM63C expression regulation and a link to EMT in renal cells.
MOESM3 of The impact of early comprehensive geriatric screening on the readmission rate in an acute geriatric ward: a quasi-experimental study
Creators: name: Kun-Pei Lin
name: Jen-Hau Chen
name: Lu, Feng-Ping
name: Chiung-Jung Wen
name: Ding-Cheng Chan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Table S3. Difference of criteria between historical control group and CGS group. The same and difference criteria between historical control group and CGS group (inclusion criteria, exclusion criteria, CGS and CGA).
Symbolic expressions for fully differential single top quark production cross section and decay width of polarized top quark in the presence of anomalous Wtb couplings
Creators: name: Boos, Edward
name: Bunichev, Viacheslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin correlations in the t-channel single top quark production and its subsequent decay are investigated for the case of contributions involving anomalous Wtb couplings. We obtain analytical expressions for the differential widths for the three-particle decay of a polarized t quark in its rest frame and also expressions for the differential cross sections of the full process of production and decay of the t quark ($2\to 4$) as a function of the energy of a charged lepton and two angles of orientation of the quantization axis of the t-quark spin. The expression is presented in the most general form for the case of real and imaginary vector and tensor anomalous Wtb couplings. We show that shapes of certain multidimensional kinematic distributions of final state particles are significantly different for the contributions proportional to different combinations of the anomalous couplings. The most noticeable differences appear in the shape of the surfaces of two-dimensional distributions, where one of the variables is the energy of a charged lepton and the other is one of the t-quark spin orientation angles. Observed properties are confirmed by two methods of computations either from the obtained symbolic expression for the differential cross sections of the full process of the polarized single top quark production with its subsequent decay or by means of the CompHEP program for the complete process involving the t-channel single top. In addition, using the obtained analytical expressions, we estimate the statistical accuracy of extracting values of the anomalous Wtb couplings for different levels of the expected integral luminosity at the LHC.
description: 34 pages, 15 figures; published version, appendix added, comments added, references added, typos fixed
Subsistence Economic Activities and Prospects for Clam Farming in Ono-i-Lau, Fiji: Socio-economic Factors
Creators: name: Vuki, Veikila
name: Tisdell, Clem
name: Tacconi, Luca
name: Vuki, Veikila
name: Tisdell, Clem
name: Tacconi, Luca
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Giant Clam farming
subject: Ono-i-Lau
subject: Fiji
subject: copra

description: Local interest in and the potential contribution of giant clam culture to village economy in Ono-i-Lau, Fiji, is investigated. While villagers are interested in the possibility of giant clam farming their main interest arises from the possibility that this will add to their cash income, They are particular1y on the lookout for such possibilities because the main source of their cash income now (apart from remittances) is copra. Copra prices are unstable and have fallen. As clam stocks in the wild are still sufficient for local consumption, villagers are not interested in farming clams for subsistence purposes. The isolation of the Ono-i-Lau archipelago may make the commercial farming of clams there uneconomic. Also, if the objective of the project is to increase village income, clam farming might be less effective than alternative fishing projects.
Halipegus ovocaudatus
Creators: name: Xue, Xiao-Feng
name: Song, Zi-Wei
name: Hong, Xiao-Yue
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Platyhelminthes
Trematoda
Plagiorchiida
Derogenidae
Halipegus
Halipegus ovocaudatus

description: Halipegus ovocaudatus (Vulpian, 1860)
 Site of infection: Eustachian tube, tongue.
 Recruitment: ingestion.
 Distribution: Canada: Ontario (Stafford 1900).
 No specimens in collections.
 Remarks: According with Stunkard (1973), H. ovocaudatus is distributed exclusively in Europe.
description: Published as part of Xue, Xiao-Feng, Song, Zi-Wei & Hong, Xiao-Yue, 2010, Five new species of Anthocoptini from China (Acari: Eriophyidae), pp. 1-53 in Zootaxa 2544 on page 15, DOI: 10.15468/um2vzb, http://zenodo.org/record/5303209
A geometrical analysis of the field equations in field theory
Creators: name: Echeverría-Enríquez, A.
name: Muñoz-Lecanda, M. C.
name: Román-Roy, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C05, 53C80, 55R10, 55R99, 58A20, 70S05

description: In this review paper we give a geometrical formulation of the field equations in the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian formalisms of classical field theories (of first order) in terms of multivector fields. This formulation enables us to discuss the existence and non-uniqueness of solutions, as well as their integrability.
description: 14 pages. LaTeX file. This is a review paper based on previous works by the same authors
Investing in the Open Access Book infrastructure - A call for action
Creators: name: Mournier, Pierre
name: Sondervan, Jeroen
name: Stone, Graham
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Position Paper
Open Access
Books
Infrastructure

description: Books play an essential role in scholarly communication, notably but not only within the Social Sciences and Humanities. Open science benefits the quality and value of research and scholarship. If open access is to benefit society as widely as possible, it is logical to include academic books. In a 2019 briefing paper, Science Europe reported that: “Open access to academic books must be considered in the wider open access policies developed by research institutions, funders, and governments”. In recent years, Knowledge Exchange, a joint network of six key national organisations in Europe, has been working on gaining a better understanding of the open access book landscape, identifying existing initiatives as well as gaps that need to be addressed in the countries concerned. In general, there is a clear will in the scholarly community to accelerate open access for academic books in order to better serve research and society's needs. However, to overcome the obstacles identified by research activities, reports and networks, and to roll out good practices and increase opportunities, additional coordinated support is needed, in particular from research and funding organisations. In February 2021, a one-day virtual workshop brought together stakeholders from a number of European countries, all with a common understanding that open access for academic books needs further attention and support. The prerequisites for the implementation of a well-functioning and sustainable open access book infrastructure are discussed below. This position paper, undersigned by the workshop participants, identifies three legs of a policy stool that together will support the full transition to open access for academic books. It brings together people, technology and knowledge. The signatures in the first version of this document include workshop delegates. The document will stay open (https://tinyurl.com/PPOpenBooks) for additional signatures. We will update this document (and version it) as appropriate.
Online learning-based Model Predictive Control with Gaussian Process Models and Stability Guarantees
Creators: name: Maiworm, Michael
name: Limon, Daniel
name: Findeisen, Rolf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Model predictive control allows to provide high performance and safety guarantees in the form of constraint satisfaction. These properties, however, can be satisfied only if the underlying model, used for prediction, of the controlled process is sufficiently accurate. One way to address this challenge is by data-driven and machine learning approaches, such as Gaussian processes, that allow to refine the model online during operation. We present a combination of an output feedback model predictive control scheme and a Gaussian process-based prediction model that is capable of efficient online learning. To this end, the concept of evolving Gaussian processes is combined with recursive posterior prediction updates. The presented approach guarantees recursive constraint satisfaction and input-to-state stability with respect to the model-plant mismatch. Simulation studies underline that the Gaussian process prediction model can be successfully and efficiently learned online. The resulting computational load is significantly reduced via the combination of the recursive update procedure and by limiting the number of training data points while maintaining good performance.
description: 29 pages, 13 figures, 3 tables, 1 algorithm, revision submitted to International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control
Exact Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation for spin 0 particle in curved space
Creators: name: Accioly, Antonio
name: Blas, Harold
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Up to now, the only known exact Foldy- Wouthuysen transformation (FWT) in curved space is that concerning Dirac particles coupled to static spacetime metrics. Here we construct the exact FWT related to a real spin-0 particle for the aforementioned spacetimes. This exact transformation exists independently of the value of the coupling between the scalar field and gravity. Moreover, the gravitational Darwin term written for the conformal coupling is one third of the relevant term in the fermionic case.
description: 10 pages, revtex, improved version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Giant Clams in Tuvalu: Prospects for Development
Creators: name: Tacconi, Luca
name: Tisdell, Clem
name: Tacconi, Luca
name: Tisdell, Clem
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Giant Clam culture
subject: Tuvalu
subject: Pacific Island nations

description: The prospects of giant clam culture in Tuvalu are examined. Sea resources such as tuna appear to be plentiful in Tuvaluan waters and the Fisheries Division has given priority to the exploitation of those resources. This decision may also be brought about by the uncertain market outlook for clam products and the limited competitiveness of Tuvalu, essentially because of high transport costs compared to Fiji and because of lack of facilities for food processing. A lesson from this case is that because of the structure of the transport system in the Pacific, it may not be advisable to promote the development of the same ‘export' industry in a ‘central' country like Fiji and in a ‘satellite' nation such as Tuvalu.
Streptococcus suis Induces Expression of Cyclooxygenase-2 in Porcine Lung Tissue
Creators: name: Dresen, Muriel
name: Schenk, Josephine
name: Berhanu Weldearegay, Yenehiwot
name: Vötsch, Désirée
name: Baumgärtner, Wolfgang
name: Valentin-Weigand, Peter
name: Nerlich, Andreas
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Streptococcus suis
subject: COX-2
subject: cyclooxygenase
subject: inflammation
subject: lung infection
subject: precision-cut lung slices
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::616 Krankheiten

description: Streptococcus suis is a common pathogen colonising the respiratory tract of pigs. It can cause meningitis, sepsis and pneumonia leading to economic losses in the pig industry worldwide. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and its metabolites play an important regulatory role in different biological processes like inflammation modulation and immune activation. In this report we analysed the induction of COX-2 and the production of its metabolite prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in a porcine precision-cut lung slice (PCLS) model. Using Western blot analysis, we found a time-dependent induction of COX-2 in the infected tissue resulting in increased PGE2 levels. Immunohistological analysis revealed a strong COX-2 expression in the proximity of the bronchioles between the ciliated epithelial cells and the adjacent alveolar tissue. The morphology, location and vimentin staining suggested that these cells are subepithelial bronchial fibroblasts. Furthermore, we showed that COX-2 expression as well as PGE2 production was detected following infection with two prevalent S. suis serotypes and that the pore-forming toxin suilysin played an important role in this process. Therefore, this study provides new insights in the response of porcine lung cells to S. suis infections and serves as a basis for further studies to define the role of COX-2 and its metabolites in the inflammatory response in porcine lung tissue during infections with S. suis.
A Report on the Test Marketing of Giant Clams as Aquarium Specimens in Brisbane, Australia
Creators: name: Tisdell, Clem
name: Tisdell, Clem
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Giant Clam as aquarium specimen
subject: Australian market for giant clams

description: Reports on the results of research based on the test-marketing of giant clams as aquarium specimens in Brisbane, Australia, in the third-quarter of 1991. Giant clams were distributed through six cooperating retail aquarium outlets and sold at a reasonable commercial price. This was considered to be $10 – 13 for T. crocea of 2.5 - 5cm (1 – 2") in size. Clams were supplied free of charge to cooperating retailers. In return they were required to complete survey forms and to try and ensure that purchasers of their clams did likewise, and to take care of the clams in their possession. The results indicate that giant clams are rated as very good aquarium specimens and in that respect were considered to be about as equally desirable as coral and anemones. The most desired size of clams was considered to be in the range 5 – 10cm (2 – 4") and purchasers on average thought that a price of around $19 would be reasonable for such clams, even though retailers suggested a slightly lower price. The margin of mark-up available to retailers in Queensland for sales of giant clam aquarium specimens in the size range 2.5 – 5cm seems quite low, particularly given the cost of the permit required from the Queensland Department of Primary Industries. The permit and regulations enforced by the Queensland Department of Primary Industries are a major impediment to the development of the aquarium market in Queensland for giant clams. Apart from the expense involved for the retailer, purchasers are also required to hold permits from this Department. This places a major dampener on sales in Queensland given that permits must be obtained in advance by potential purchasers. Although commercial farming of clams exists in Queensland, farmers find it easier to export their products rather than to attempt to sell them in Queensland. This report also provides information about a number of other issues affecting the market for giant clams as aquarium specimens e.g. availability of information on keeping them in home aquariums, characteristics of purchasers and so on. The results also indicate that the Australian market for giant clams as aquarium specimens is about 5,000 per year. This is a similar estimate to that made in 1989 on the basis of a different survey.