cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Computing by Collapsing... or, measurement-based quantum computing and the stunning efficiency of graphical calculi
Creators: name: Trinchero, Dario
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: quantum computing
ZX-calculus
graphical calculus
MBQC

description: Slides for a 1h talk presented in a Cosmic Conversations (CC) colloquium session in 2022 at Stellenbosch University. The full talk was recorded and is available for viewing on YouTube at https://youtu.be/f9SSF8DNbMw. The talk is aimed at undergraduate level, and introduces the concepts of measurement-based quantum computing (MBQC) and the ZX-calculus. The talk largely follows a paper by Kissinger and van de Wetering (2019) [1], but expands a bit on the presentation given therein. The content is purely expository, and does not constitute research.
description: {"references": ["Kissinger, A., van de Wetering, J., 2019. Universal MBQC with generalised parity-phase interactions and Pauli measurements. Quantum 3, 134. https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2019-04-26-134"]}
Additional file 1 of Evidence linking COVID-19 and the health/well-being of children and adolescents: an umbrella review
Creators: name: Duan, Chengchen
name: Liu, Liu
name: Wang, Tianyi
name: Wang, Guanru
name: Jiang, Zhishen
name: Li, Honglin
name: Zhang, Gaowei
name: Ye, Li
name: Li, Chunjie
name: Cao, Yubin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Differences between protocol and review.
On the symmetry of the Laplacian spectra of signed graphs
Creators: name: Atay, Fatihcan M.
name: Hua, Bobo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C50, 05C22, 39A12

description: We study the symmetry properties of the spectra of normalized Laplacians on signed graphs. We find a new machinery that generates symmetric spectra for signed graphs, which includes bipartiteness of unsigned graphs as a special case. Moreover, we prove a fundamental connection between the symmetry of the spectrum and the existence of damped two-periodic solutions for the discrete-time heat equation on the graph.
The faint optical afterglow and host galaxy of GRB 020124: Implications for the nature of dark gamma-ray bursts
Creators: name: Holtzman, J.
name: Halpern, J.P.
name: Frontera, F.
name: Sari, R.
name: Hurley, K.
name: Harrison, F.A.
name: Galama, T.J.
name: Yost, S.A.
name: Costa, E.
name: Chevalier, R.A.
name: Axelrod, T.S.
name: Piro, L.
name: Djorgovski, S.G.
name: Colbert, E.
name: Vanderppek, R.
name: Schmidt, B.P.
name: Wheeler, J.C.
name: Frail, D.A.
name: Price, P.A.
name: Kulkarni, S.R.
name: Fox, D.W.
name: Bloom, J.S.
name: Ricker, G.R.
name: Reichart, D.
name: Mccarthy, P.J.
name: Kimble, R.A.
name: Berger, E.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2002

description: We present ground-based optical observations of GRB 020124 starting 1.6 hr after the burst, as well as subsequent Very Large Array and Hubble Space Telescope (HST) observations. The optical afterglow of GRB 020124 is one of the faintest afterglows detected to date, and it exhibits a relatively rapid decay, Fv ∝ t-1.60±0.04, followed by further steepening. In addition, a weak radio source was found coincident with the optical afterglow. The HST observations reveal that a positionally coincident host galaxy must be the faintest host to date, R ≳ 29.5 mag. The afterglow observations can be explained by several models requiring little or no extinction within the host galaxy, AVhost ≈ 0-0.9 mag. These observations have significant implications for the interpretation of the so-called dark bursts (bursts for which no optical afterglow is detected), which are usually attributed to dust extinction within the host galaxy. The faintness and relatively rapid decay of the afterglow of GRB 020124, combined with the low inferred extinction, indicate that some dark bursts are intrinsically dim and not dust obscured. Thus, the diversity in the underlying properties of optical afterglows must be observationally determined before substantive inferences can be drawn from the statistics of dark bursts.
On the relation between the non-flat cosmological models and the elliptic integral of first kind
Creators: name: Meszaros, A.
name: Ripa, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently we have found an analytic integration formula that describes the dependence of the luminosity distance on the redshift for the flat cosmological model with a non-zero cosmological constant. The purpose of this article is to search for a similar relation for the non-flat models. A Taylor series was used. The elliptic integral of the first kind can indeed be applied. The result shows that a combination of the numerical integration with the previous analytic formula can also be useful for the nearly flat cosmological models.
description: two pages, published in Astronomy & Astrophysics, Volume 573, A54
Assessment of rural and peri-urban youths’ participation in micro and small agricultural enterprises in South Omo Zone, Southern Ethiopia
Creators: name: Dawit Darcho
name: Asmera Adicha
name: Gedion Ermias
name: Kutoya Kusse
name: Dawit Darcho
name: Asmera Adicha
name: Gedion Ermias
name: Kutoya Kusse
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Agricultural enterprises
subject: Youth participation

description: The Ethiopian government has a package of encouraging youths to participate in small and micro agricultural enterprises by giving legal certificate for youths who were organized in-group to start the business by providing financial supports in terms of credit. However, youths are less willing to participate in agricultural enterprises. Even after being organized into groups and having supports from government, some of them were not starting the business and some were interrupting the business they have been organized. Due to these, huge amount of money from the government, which was allocated for this purpose, is not being used as expected. Therefore, this study was intended to assess factors affecting rural and peri-urban youth participation in agricultural enterprises in Bena-Tsemay and Debubi Ari woreda of south omo zone. Two-stage sampling technique was used to select 155 sample households. Logit model was used to analyze determinants of youth's participation in agricultural enterprises. The result of this study indicated that 32.3% respondents were participated and 67.7% were not participated in enterprises. Econometric results revealed that variables such as farm size, institutional capacity building, and weather road significantly affected youths' participation in agricultural enterprises at 1% and 5% significance level. The study recommends that the provision of land for the agricultural enterprises should consider the size/type of the enterprises that youth are willingness to participate. The government should specify the institution/sector to enterprise type and consideration of all-weather roads for each enterprise type during organizing youth in different agricultural enterprises is important.
Mechanism to induce geometric constriction on kinks and domain walls
Creators: name: Sebastian, A. J. Balseyro
name: Bazeia, D.
name: Marques, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate scalar field theories in the multifield scenario, focusing mainly on the possibility to smoothly build internal structure and asymmetry for kinks and domain walls. The procedure requires the inclusion of an extra field which is associated to a function that modifies the dynamics of the other fields. We investigate minimum energy configurations, which support first order equations compatible with the equations of motion. The extra field allows a transition which is guided by a parameter that connects the standard solution to another one, geometrically constrained, mimicking the effects of geometrical constrictions in magnetic materials.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures. To appear in EPL
Time-dependent optical spectroscopy of GRB 010222: Clues to the gamma-ray burst environment
Creators: name: Bunker, A.
name: Bloom, J.S.
name: Ebeling, H.
name: Castro, S.
name: Kulkarni, S.R.
name: Galama, T.J.
name: Spinrad, H.
name: Dey, A.
name: Halpern, J.P.
name: Mirabal, N.
name: Price, P.A.
name: Frail, D.A.
name: Harrison, F.A.
name: Stern, D.
name: Dawson, S.
name: Reichart, D.E.
name: Djorgovski, S.G.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2002

description: We present sequential optical spectra of the afterglow of GRB 010222 obtained 1 day apart using the Low-Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (LRIS) and the Echellette Spectrograph and Imager (ESI) on the Keck Telescopes. Three low-ionization absorption systems are spectroscopically identified at z 1 = 1.47688, z2 = 1.15628, and z3 = 0.92747. The higher resolution ESI spectrum reveals two distinct components in the highest redshift system at z1a = 1.47590 and z1b = 1.47688. We interpret the z1b = 1.47688 system as an absorption feature of the disk of the host galaxy of GRB 010222. The best-fitted power-law optical continuum and [Zn/Cr] ratio imply low dust content or a local gray dust component near the burst site. In addition, we do not detect strong signatures of vibrationally excited states of H2. If the gamma-ray burst took place in a superbubble or young stellar cluster, there are no outstanding signatures of an ionized absorber either. Analysis of the spectral time dependence at low resolution shows no significant evidence for absorption-line variability. This lack of variability is confronted with time-dependent photoionization simulations designed to apply the observed flux from GRB 010222 to a variety of assumed atomic gas densities and cloud radii. The absence of time dependence in the absorption lines implies that high-density environments are disfavored. In particular, if the GRB environment was dust free, its density was unlikely to exceed nH I = 102 cm -3. If depletion of metals onto dust is similar to Galactic values or less than solar abundances are present, then nH I ≥ 2 × 104 cm-3 is probably ruled out in the immediate vicinity of the burst.
Transition from wave turbulence to acousticlike shock-wave regime
Creators: name: Ricard, Guillaume
name: Falcon, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the experimental observation of a transition from a dispersive wave turbulence regime to a nondispersive regime involving shock waves on the surface of a fluid. We use a magnetic fluid in a canal subjected to an external horizontal magnetic field to tune the dispersivity of the system. For a low magnetic field, gravity-capillary wave turbulence is observed, whereas for a high enough field, random steep coherent structures arise which are found to be shock waves. These shock waves create singularities in the second-order difference of the surface elevation, leading to an $ω^{-4}$ frequency power spectrum. This spectrum is also found to be controlled by the number and amplitude of the shocks and is well captured by a model based on a random Dirac-$δ$ distribution (Kuznetsov-like spectrum). Finally, the shock-amplitude statistics exhibits a power-law distribution with an exponent close to the predictions of the one-dimensional random-forced Burgers equation. This shock-wave regime, discovered here for surface waves, thus paves the way to better explore their properties.
description: in press in Physical Review Fluids
Large-scale bioenergy production: How to resolve sustainability trade-offs?
Creators: name: Humpenöder, Florian
name: Popp, Alexander
name: Bodirsky, Benjamin Leon
name: Weindl, Isabelle
name: Biewald, Anne
name: Lotze-Campen, Hermann
name: Dietrich, Jan Philipp
name: Klein, David
name: Kreidenweis, Ulrich
name: Müller, Christoph
name: Rolinski, Susanne
name: Stevanovic, Miodrag
Publisher: name: Bristol : IOP Publishing
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Large-scale bioenergy
subject: trade-off
subject: sustainable development goal (SDG)
subject: land-use change
subject: environmental protection
subject: land-sparing measure
subject: global land-use modeling
subject: 500

description: Large-scale 2nd generation bioenergy deployment is a key element of 1.5 °C and 2 °C transformation pathways. However, large-scale bioenergy production might have negative sustainability implications and thus may conflict with the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) agenda. Here, we carry out a multi-criteria sustainability assessment of large-scale bioenergy crop production throughout the 21st century (300 EJ in 2100) using a global land-use model. Our analysis indicates that large-scale bioenergy production without complementary measures results in negative effects on the following sustainability indicators: deforestation, CO2 emissions from land-use change, nitrogen losses, unsustainable water withdrawals and food prices. One of our main findings is that single-sector environmental protection measures next to large-scale bioenergy production are prone to involve trade-offs among these sustainability indicators—at least in the absence of more efficient land or water resource use. For instance, if bioenergy production is accompanied by forest protection, deforestation and associated emissions (SDGs 13 and 15) decline substantially whereas food prices (SDG 2) increase. However, our study also shows that this trade-off strongly depends on the development of future food demand. In contrast to environmental protection measures, we find that agricultural intensification lowers some side-effects of bioenergy production substantially (SDGs 13 and 15) without generating new trade-offs—at least among the sustainability indicators considered here. Moreover, our results indicate that a combination of forest and water protection schemes, improved fertilization efficiency, and agricultural intensification would reduce the side-effects of bioenergy production most comprehensively. However, although our study includes more sustainability indicators than previous studies on bioenergy side-effects, our study represents only a small subset of all indicators relevant for the SDG agenda. Based on this, we argue that the development of policies for regulating externalities of large-scale bioenergy production should rely on broad sustainability assessments to discover potential trade-offs with the SDG agenda before implementation.
Hubbard bands, Mott transition and deconfinement in strongly correlated systems
Creators: name: Irkhin, V. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of deconfinement phases in strongly correlated systems is discussed. In space-time dimension $d=3+1$, a competition of confinement and Coulomb phases occurs, but in $d=2+1$ the confining phase dominates owing to monopole proliferation, but gapless fermion excitations can change the situation. Combining the Kotliar-Ruckenstein representation and fractionalized spin-liquid deconfinement picture, the Mott transition and Hubbard subbands are treated, general expressions in the case of an arbitrary bare band spectrum being obtained. The transition into a metallic state is determined by condensation of a gapless boson mode. The spectrum picture in the insulating state is considerably influenced by the spinon spin-liquid spectrum and hidden Fermi surface.
description: 5 pages
The broadband afterglow of GRB 980329
Creators: name: Shepherd, D.S.
name: Harrison, F.A.
name: Larkin, J.E.
name: Walter, F.
name: Frail, D.A.
name: Goodrich, R.W.
name: Kulkarni, S.R.
name: Yost, S.A.
name: Price, P.A.
name: Djorgovski, S.G.
name: Taylor, G.B.
name: Reichart, D.
name: Bloom, J.S.
name: Galama, T.J.
name: Moriarty-Schieven, G.H.
name: Fox, D.W.
name: Berger, E.
name: Sari, R.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2002

description: We present radio observations of the afterglow of the bright γ-ray burst GRB 980329 made between 1 month and several years after the burst, a reanalysis of previously published submillimeter data, and latetime optical and near-infrared (NIR) observations of the host galaxy. From the absence of a spectral break in the optical/NIR colors of the host galaxy, we exclude the earlier suggestion that GRB 980329 lies at a redshift of z ≳ 5. We combine our data with the numerous multiwavelength observations of the early afterglow, fit a comprehensive afterglow model to the entire broadband data set, and derive fundamental physical parameters of the blast wave and its host environment. Models for which the ejecta expand isotropically require both a high circumburst density and extreme radiative losses from the shock. No low-density model (n ≪ 10 cm-3) fits the data. A burst with a total energy of ∼1051 ergs, with the ejecta narrowly collimated to an opening angle of a few degrees, driven into a surrounding medium with density of ∼20 cm-3, provides a satisfactory fit to the light curves over a range of redshifts.
Additional file 2 of Evidence linking COVID-19 and the health/well-being of children and adolescents: an umbrella review
Creators: name: Duan, Chengchen
name: Liu, Liu
name: Wang, Tianyi
name: Wang, Guanru
name: Jiang, Zhishen
name: Li, Honglin
name: Zhang, Gaowei
name: Ye, Li
name: Li, Chunjie
name: Cao, Yubin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. PRISMA 2020 checklist.
The Status of Modern Five-Dimensional Gravity
Creators: name: Wesson, Paul S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent criticism of higher-dimensional extensions of Einstein's theory is considered. This may have some justification as regards string theory, but is misguided as applied to five-dimensional theories with a large extra dimension. Such theories smoothly embed general relativity, ensuring recovery of the latter's observational support. When the embedding of spacetime is carried out in accordance with Campbell's theorem, the resulting 5D theory naturally explains the origin of classical matter and vacuum energy. Also, constraints on the equations of motion near a high-energy surface or membrane in the 5D manifold lead to quantization and quantum uncertainty. These are major returns on the modest investment of one extra dimension. Instead of fruitless bickering about whether it is possible to "see" the fifth dimension, it is suggested that it be treated on par with other concepts of physics, such as time. The main criterion for the acceptance of a fifth dimension (or not) should be its usefulness.
Pharmacist's Intervention on Managing Drug Related Problems in Easy Asthma Clinic, Srinagarind Hospital
Creators: name: Sunee Lertsinudom
Publisher: name: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences KKU MSU UBU
Year: 2008
Subjects: Asthma, Pharmacistโs intervention, Drug related problems

description: Isan Journal ofPharmaceutical Sciences, 4, 2, 13-23
Superconductivity in Room Temperature Stable electride and high-pressure phases of alkali metals
Creators: name: Hosono, Hideo
name: Kim, Sung-Wng
name: Matsuishi, Satoru
name: Tanaka, Shigeki
name: Miyake, Atsushi
name: Kagayama, Tomoko
name: Shimizud, Katsuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: S-band metals such as alkali and alkaline earth metals do not undergo a superconducting transition (SCT) at an ambient pressure, but their high-pressure phases do. In contrast, room temperature stable electride electride (C12A7:e-) in which anionic electrons in the crystallographic sub-nanometer-size cages have high s-character exhibits SCT at 0.2-0.4K at an ambient pressure. In this paper we report that crystal and electronic structure of C12A7:e- are close to those of the high pressure superconducting phase of alkali and alkaline earth metals and the SCT of both materials is induced when electron nature at Fermi energy (EF) switches from s- to sd-hybridized state.
description: 11pages, 5figures
Integrated crop water management might sustainably halve the global food gap
Creators: name: Jägermeyr, J.
name: Gerten, D.
name: Schaphoff, S.
name: Heinke, J.
name: Lucht, W.
name: Rockström, J.
Publisher: name: Bristol : IOP Publishing
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Climate change adaptation
subject: conservation agriculture
subject: food security
subject: irrigation efficiency
subject: sustainable intensification
subject: water harvesting
subject: yield gap
subject: 500

description: As planetary boundaries are rapidly being approached, humanity has little room for additional expansion and conventional intensification of agriculture, while a growing world population further spreads the food gap. Ample evidence exists that improved on-farm water management can close water-related yield gaps to a considerable degree, but its global significance remains unclear. In this modeling study we investigate systematically to what extent integrated crop water management might contribute to closing the global food gap, constrained by the assumption that pressure on water resources and land does not increase. Using a process-based bio-/agrosphere model, we simulate the yield-increasing potential of elevated irrigation water productivity (including irrigation expansion with thus saved water) and optimized use of in situ precipitation water (alleviated soil evaporation, enhanced infiltration, water harvesting for supplemental irrigation) under current and projected future climate (from 20 climate models, with and without beneficial CO2 effects). Results show that irrigation efficiency improvements can save substantial amounts of water in many river basins (globally 48% of non-productive water consumption in an 'ambitious' scenario), and if rerouted to irrigate neighboring rainfed systems, can boost kcal production significantly (26% global increase). Low-tech solutions for small-scale farmers on water-limited croplands show the potential to increase rainfed yields to a similar extent. In combination, the ambitious yet achievable integrated water management strategies explored in this study could increase global production by 41% and close the water-related yield gap by 62%. Unabated climate change will have adverse effects on crop yields in many regions, but improvements in water management as analyzed here can buffer such effects to a significant degree.
The unusually long duration gamma-ray burst GRB 000911: Discovery of the afterglow and host galaxy
Creators: name: Cline, T.
name: Hurley, K.
name: Mahabal, A.
name: Mazets, E.
name: Frail, D.A.
name: Berger, E.
name: Schmidt, B.P.
name: Golenetskii, S.
name: Djorgovski, S.G.
name: Morrison, G.
name: Reichart, D.E.
name: Trombka, J.
name: Bloom, J.S.
name: Harrison, F.A.
name: Sari, R.
name: Price, P.A.
name: Yost, S.A.
name: Galama, T.J.
name: Axelrod, T.S.
name: Kulkarni, S.R.
name: Fox, D.W.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2002

description: Of all the well-localized gamma-ray bursts, GRB 000911 has the longest duration (T90 = 500 s) and ranks in the top 1% of BATSE bursts for fluence. Here we report the discovery of the afterglow of this unique burst. In order to simultaneously fit our radio and optical observations, we are required to invoke a model involving a hard electron distribution, p ∼ 1.5, and a jet-break time less than 1.5 days. A spectrum of the host galaxy taken 111 days after the burst reveals a single emission line, interpreted as [011] at a redshift z = 1.0585, and a continuum break that we interpret as the Balmer limit at this redshift. Despite the long 790, the afterglow of GRB 000911 is not unusual in any other way when compared to the set of afterglows studied to date. We conclude that the duration of the GRB plays little part in determining the physics of the afterglow.
Lattices from Hermitian function fields
Creators: name: Boettcher, Albrecht
name: Fukshansky, Lenny
name: Garcia, Stephan Ramon
name: Maharaj, Hiren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11H06, 11G20

description: We consider the well-known Rosenbloom-Tsfasman function field lattices in the special case of Hermitian function fields. We show that in this case the resulting lattices are generated by their minimal vectors, provide an estimate on the total number of minimal vectors, and derive properties of the automorphism groups of these lattices. Our study continues previous investigations of lattices coming from elliptic curves and finite Abelian groups. The lattices we are faced with here are more subtle than those considered previously, and the proofs of the main results require the replacement of the existing linear algebra approaches by deep results of Gerhard Hiss on the factorization of functions with particular divisor support into lines and their inverses.
description: 15 pages
GRB 011121: A massive star progenitor
Creators: name: Hurley, K.
name: Guidorzi, C.
name: Yost, S.A.
name: Wieringa, M.H.
name: Bailey, J.
name: Bloom, J.S.
name: Wark, R.M.
name: Montanari, E.
name: Kulkarni, S.R.
name: Ryder, S.D.
name: Corbett, E.
name: McCarthy, P.
name: Galama, T.J.
name: Cline, T.
name: Axelrod, T.S.
name: Sari, R.
name: Djorgovski, S.G.
name: Frail, D.A.
name: Reichart, D.E.
name: Koviak, K.
name: Berger, E.
name: Schmidt, B.P.
name: Fox, D.W.
name: Price, P.A.
name: Harrison, F.A.
name: Frontera, F.
name: Subrahmanyan, R.
name: Gunn, K.
name: Boyle, B.
name: Seymour, N.
name: Brown, M.J.I.
name: Phillips, M.
Publisher: name: IOP Publishing Ltd
Year: 2002

description: Of the cosmological gamma-ray bursts, GRB 011121 has the lowest redshift, z = 0.36. More importantly, the multicolor excess in the afterglow detected in the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) light curves is compelling observational evidence of an underlying supernova. Here we present near-infrared and radio observations of the afterglow, and from our comprehensive afterglow modeling, we find evidence favoring a wind-fed circumburst medium. Lacking X-ray data, we are unable to conclusively measure the mass-loss rate, M, but obtain an estimate, M ∼ 2 × 10-7/νw3 M⊙yr-1, where νw3 is the speed of the wind from the progenitor in units of 103 km s-1. This M is similar to that inferred for the progenitor of the Type Ibc supernova SN 1998bw that has been associated with the peculiar burst GRB 980425. Our data, taken in conjunction with the HST results of Bloom et al., provide a consistent picture: the long-duration GRB 011121 had a massive star progenitor that exploded as a supernova at about the same time as the gamma-ray burst event. Finally, we note that the gamma-ray profile of GRB 011121 is similar to that of GRB 980425.
Additional file 3 of Evidence linking COVID-19 and the health/well-being of children and adolescents: an umbrella review
Creators: name: Duan, Chengchen
name: Liu, Liu
name: Wang, Tianyi
name: Wang, Guanru
name: Jiang, Zhishen
name: Li, Honglin
name: Zhang, Gaowei
name: Ye, Li
name: Li, Chunjie
name: Cao, Yubin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Search strategy.
Exploring Tensor Products
Creators: name: Trinchero, Dario
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: tensors
tensor-hom adjunction
multilinear algebra

description: Slides for a 1h talk presented at Stellenbosch University Mathematics Society (SUMS) in 2021. The entire talk was recorded, and is available for viewing on YouTube at https://youtu.be/83K3smK2SzQ. The talk is aimed at undergraduate level, and introduces the concept of tensors through a number of increasingly-abstract definitions for the tensor product space. Omitted is a discussion of tensor algebras, due to time limitations. The content is purely expository, and does not constitute research.
Interstellar Extinction in Galactic Cirri in SDSS Stripe 82
Creators: name: Gontcharov, G. A.
name: Mosenkov, A. V.
name: Savchenko, S. S.
name: Il'in, V. B.
name: Marchuk, A. A.
name: Smirnov, A. A.
name: Usachev, P. A.
name: Polyakov, D. M.
name: Shakespear, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have applied the method of star counts with Wolf diagrams to determine the interstellar extinction in five Galactic cirri in Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Stripe 82. For this purpose, we have used the photometry of stars in the GALEX NUV filter and the photometry of red dwarfs in five SDSS bands and four SkyMapper Southern Sky Survey DR2 bands. We have identified the cirri as sky regions with an enhanced infrared emission from the Schlegel+1998 map. The extinction in them has been calculated relative to the nearby comparison regions with a reduced emission. The results for different filters agree well, giving the range of distances and the extinction law for each cirrus. The distances in the range 140--415 pc found are consistent with the 3D reddening maps. In the range between the $B$ and $V$ filters the extinctions found are consistent with the estimates from Schlegel+1998 for the Cardelli+1989 extinction law with $R_\mathrm{V}=3.1$. However, the extinctions found for all of the filters are best described not by the Cardelli+1989 extinction law with some $R_\mathrm{V}=3.1$, but by the inverse proportionality of the extinction and wavelength with its own coefficient for each cirrus. In one of the cirri our results suggest a very slight decrease in extinction with wavelength, i.e., a large contribution of gray extinction. In the remaining cirri a manifestation of gray extinction is not ruled out either. This is consistent with the previous measurements of the extinction law far from the Galactic midplane.
description: 4 figures, published in Astronomy Letter
Willingness to Pay of Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Patients for Healthy Heart at Home Project : A Case Study of Queen Sirikit Heart Center of the Northeast
Creators: name: Pattaraphon Tangsucharit
Publisher: name: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences KKU MSU UBU
Year: 2008
Subjects: Willingness to pay, Contingent valuation method, Coronary artery bypass graft

description: Isan Journal ofPharmaceutical Sciences, 4, 2, 36-45
Breaking Bad: Quantifying the Addiction of Web Elements to JavaScript
Creators: name: Fouquet, Romain
name: Laperdrix, Pierre
name: Rouvoy, Romain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While JavaScript established itself as a cornerstone of the modern web, it also constitutes a major tracking and security vector, thus raising critical privacy and security concerns. In this context, some browser extensions propose to systematically block scripts reported by crowdsourced trackers lists. However, this solution heavily depends on the quality of these built-in lists, which may be deprecated or incomplete, thus exposing the visitor to unknown trackers. In this paper, we explore a different strategy, by investigating the benefits of disabling JavaScript in the browser. More specifically, by adopting such a strict policy, we aim to quantify the JavaScript addiction of web elements composing a web page, through the observation of web breakages. As there is no standard mechanism for detecting such breakages, we introduce a framework to inspect several page features when blocking JavaScript, that we deploy to analyze 6,384 pages, including landing and internal web pages. We discover that 43% of web pages are not strictly dependent on JavaScript and that more than 67% of pages are likely to be usable as long as the visitor only requires the content from the main section of the page, for which the user most likely reached the page, while reducing the number of tracking requests by 85% on average. Finally, we discuss the viability of currently browsing the web without JavaScript and detail multiple incentives for websites to be kept usable without JavaScript.
description: ACM Transactions on Internet Technology, In press
GRB 010921: Discovery of the first high energy transient explorer afterglow
Creators: name: Yost, S.A.
name: Bloom, J.S.
name: Graziani, C.
name: Harrison, F.A.
name: Fox, D.W.
name: Ricker, G.R.
name: Berger, E.
name: Fenimore, E.
name: Mahabal, A.
name: Frail, D.A.
name: Djorgovski, S.G.
name: Atteia, J.-L.
name: Hurley, K.
name: Van Der Spek, R.
name: Kawai, N.
name: Kulkarni, S.R.
name: Price, P.A.
name: Henden, A.A.
name: Reichart, D.E.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2002

description: We report the discovery of the optical and radio afterglow of GRB 010921, the first gamma-ray burst afterglow to be found from a localization by the High Energy Transient Explorer satellite. We present optical spectroscopy of the host galaxy, which we find to be a dusty and apparently normal star-forming galaxy at z = 0.451. The unusually steep optical spectral slope of the afterglow can be explained by heavy extinction, Av > 0.5 mag, along the line of sight to the GRB. Dust with similar Av for the host galaxy as a whole appears to be required by the measurement of a Balmer decrement in the spectrum of the host galaxy.
Incorporating interferometric coherence into lulc classification of airborne polsar-images using fully convolutional networks
Creators: name: Schmitz, Sylvia
name: Weinmann, Martin
name: Thiele, Antje
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2020
Subjects: LULC classification
Airborne PolSAR
Interferometric Coherence
Fully Convolutional Network

description: Inspired by the application of state-of-the-art Fully Convolutional Networks (FCNs) for the semantic segmentation of high-resolution optical imagery, recent works transfer this methodology successfully to pixel-wise land use and land cover (LULC) classification of PolSAR data. So far, mainly single PolSAR images are included in the FCN-based classification processes. To further increase classification accuracy, this paper presents an approach for integrating interferometric coherence derived from co-registered image pairs into a FCN-based classification framework. A network based on an encoder-decoder structure with two separated encoder branches is presented for this task. It extracts features from polarimetric backscattering intensities on the one hand and interferometric coherence on the other hand. Based on a joint representation of the complementary features pixel-wise classification is performed. To overcome the scarcity of labelled SAR data for training and testing, annotations are generated automatically by fusing available LULC products. Experimental evaluation is performed on high-resolution airborne SAR data, captured over the German Wadden Sea. The results demonstrate that the proposed model produces smooth and accurate classification maps. A comparison with a single-branch FCN model indicates that the appropriate integration of interferometric coherence enables the improvement of classification performance.
Signatures of mesospheric particles in ionospheric data
Creators: name: Friedrich, M.
name: Torkar, K.M.
name: Singer, W.
name: Strelnikova, I.
name: Rapp, M.
name: Robertson, S.
Publisher: name: München : European Geopyhsical Union
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric composition and structure (Aerosols and particles
subject: Middle atmosphere - composition and chemistry) Ionosphere (Ionospheric irregularities)
subject: electron density
subject: ground-based measurement
subject: ionosphere
subject: mesosphere
subject: summer
subject: 530

description: The state of the ionosphere during the 2007 ECOMA/MASS campaign is described by in-situ observations by three sounding rockets launched from the Andøya Rocket Range and by ground based observations. The ground based measurements included the incoherent scatter radar EISCAT near Tromsø (both on UHF and VHF), as well as an MF radar, a meteor radar and an imaging riometer all located in the close vicinity of the rocket range. The pronounced electron density bite-outs seen by two of the rockets could not be detected from the ground, but the associated PMSE (Polar Mesospheric Summer Echoes) provide indirect evidence of pronounced perturbations of mesospheric electron densities.
Earth Metabolome Initiative semantic model workshop intro - What is the stuff we are talking about ?
Creators: name: Allard, Pierre-Marie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: DBGI
EMI
semantic model
workshop

description: Earth Metabolome Initiative semantic model workshop intro - What is the stuff we are talking about ? Here we give an overview of the objects we will handle within the Earth Metabolome Knowledge Base, with a focuss on mass spectrometry analysis outputs and chemical structures.
Simultaneous lidar observations of a polar stratospheric cloud on the east and west sides of the Scandinavian mountains and microphysical box model simulations
Creators: name: Blum, U.
name: Khosrawi, F.
name: Baumgarten, G.
name: Stebel, K.
name: Müller, R.
name: Fricke, K.H.
Publisher: name: München : European Geopyhsical Union
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: chemical composition
subject: cloud microphysics
subject: lidar
subject: nitric acid
subject: ozone depletion
subject: particle size
subject: polar stratospheric cloud
subject: 530

description: The importance of polar stratospheric clouds (PSC) for polar ozone depletion is well established. Lidar experiments are well suited to observe and classify polar stratospheric clouds. On 5 January 2005 a PSC was observed simultaneously on the east and west sides of the Scandinavian mountains by ground-based lidars. This cloud was composed of liquid particles with a mixture of solid particles in the upper part of the cloud. Multi-colour measurements revealed that the liquid particles had a mode radius of r≈300 nm, a distribution width of σ≈1.04 and an altitude dependent number density of N≈2–20 cm−3. Simulations with a microphysical box model show that the cloud had formed about 20 h before observation. High HNO3 concentrations in the PSC of 40–50 weight percent were simulated in the altitude regions where the liquid particles were observed, while this concentration was reduced to about 10 weight percent in that part of the cloud where a mixture between solid and liquid particles was observed by the lidar. The model simulations also revealed a very narrow particle size distribution with values similar to the lidar observations. Below and above the cloud almost no HNO3 uptake was simulated. Although the PSC shows distinct wave signatures, no gravity wave activity was observed in the temperature profiles measured by the lidars and meteorological analyses support this observation. The observed cloud must have formed in a wave field above Iceland about 20 h prior to the measurements and the cloud wave pattern was advected by the background wind to Scandinavia. In this wave field above Iceland temperatures potentially dropped below the ice formation temperature, so that ice clouds may have formed which can act as condensation nuclei for the nitric acid trihydrate (NAT) particles observed at the cloud top above Esrange.
Patched Green's function techniques for two dimensional systems: Electronic behaviour of bubbles and perforations in graphene
Creators: name: Settnes, Mikkel
name: Power, Stephen R.
name: Lin, Jun
name: Petersen, Dirch H.
name: Jauho, Antti-Pekka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a numerically efficient technique to evaluate the Green's function for extended two dimensional systems without relying on periodic boundary conditions. Different regions of interest, or `patches', are connected using self energy terms which encode the information of the extended parts of the system. The calculation scheme uses a combination of analytic expressions for the Green's function of infinite pristine systems and an adaptive recursive Green's function technique for the patches. The method allows for an efficient calculation of both local electronic and transport properties, as well as the inclusion of multiple probes in arbitrary geometries embedded in extended samples. We apply the Patched Green's function method to evaluate the local densities of states and transmission properties of graphene systems with two kinds of deviations from the pristine structure: bubbles and perforations with characteristic dimensions of the order of 10-25 nm, i.e. including hundreds of thousands of atoms. The strain field induced by a bubble is treated beyond an effective Dirac model, and we demonstrate the existence of both Friedel-type oscillations arising from the edges of the bubble, as well as pseudo-Landau levels related to the pseudomagnetic field induced by the nonuniform strain. Secondly, we compute the transport properties of a large perforation with atomic positions extracted from a TEM image, and show that current vortices may form near the zigzag segments of the perforation.
Additional file 4 of Evidence linking COVID-19 and the health/well-being of children and adolescents: an umbrella review
Creators: name: Duan, Chengchen
name: Liu, Liu
name: Wang, Tianyi
name: Wang, Guanru
name: Jiang, Zhishen
name: Li, Honglin
name: Zhang, Gaowei
name: Ye, Li
name: Li, Chunjie
name: Cao, Yubin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Additional file 4. List of excluded studies with justification for exclusion.
Plasmonics in Atomically Thin Materials
Creators: name: de Abajo, F. Javier Garcia
name: Manjavacas, Alejandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observation and electrical manipulation of infrared surface plasmons in graphene have triggered a search for similar photonic capabilities in other atomically thin materials that enable electrical modulation of light at visible and near-infrared frequencies, as well as strong interaction with optical quantum emitters. Here, we present a simple analytical description of the optical response of such kinds of structures, which we exploit to investigate their application to light modulation and quantum optics. Specifically, we show that plasmons in one-atom-thick noble-metal layers can be used both to produce complete tunable optical absorption and to reach the strong-coupling regime in the interaction with neighboring quantum emitters. Our methods are applicable to any plasmon-supporting thin materials, and in particular, we provide parameters that allow us to readily calculate the response of silver, gold, and graphene islands. Besides their interest for nanoscale electro-optics, the present study emphasizes the great potential of these structures for the design of quantum nanophotonics devices.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, 107 refs
Industrial Electronics 4.0: Is It Going to Be Free and Open?
Creators: name: Pejovic, Predrag
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: free software, open hardware, teaching, research

description: This is a presentation of a keynote lecture at INDEL 2020 Conference. The presentation covers the author's twelve years long experience with free software in teaching and research, as well as some of his thoughts on that topic.
GRB 010222: A burst within a starburst
Creators: name: Price, P.A.
name: Moriarty-Schieven, G.H.
name: Bertoldi, F.
name: Yost, S.A.
name: Gerardy, C.L.
name: Harrison, F.A.
name: Berger, E.
name: Peck, A.B.
name: Reichart, D.E.
name: Menten, K.M.
name: Shepherd, D.S.
name: Kulkarni, S.R.
name: Bloom, J.S.
name: Halpern, J.
name: Walter, F.
name: Frail, D.A.
name: Djorgovski, S.G.
name: Galama, T.J.
name: Fox, D.W.
name: Sari, R.
Publisher: name: IOP Publishing Ltd
Year: 2002

description: We present millimeter- and submillimeter-wavelength observations and near-infrared K-band imaging toward the bright gamma-ray burst GRB 010222. Over seven different epochs, a constant source was detected with an average flux density of 3.74 ± 0.53 mJy at 350 GHz and 1.05 ± 0.22 mJy at 250 GHz, giving a spectral index α = 3.78 ± 0.25 (where F ∝ vα). We rule out the possibility that this emission originated from the burst or its afterglow, and we conclude that it is due to a dusty, high-redshift starburst galaxy (SMM J14522 + 4301). We argue that the host galaxy of GRB 010222 is the most plausible counterpart of SMM J14522+4301, based in part on the centimeter detection of the host at the expected level. The optical/near-IR properties of the host galaxy of GRB 010222 suggest that it is a blue sub-L* galaxy, similar to other GRB host galaxies. This contrasts with the enormous far-infrared luminosity of this galaxy based on our submillimeter detection (LBol ≈ 4 × 10 12 L⊙). We suggest that this GRB host galaxy has a very high star formation rate, SFR ≈ 600 M⊙ yr -1, most of which is unseen at optical wavelengths.
Whoo.ly: Facilitating Information Seeking For Hyperlocal Communities Using Social Media
Creators: name: Hu, Yuheng
name: Farnham, Shelly D.
name: Monroy-Hernandez, Andres
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.5.3

description: Social media systems promise powerful opportunities for people to connect to timely, relevant information at the hyper local level. Yet, finding the meaningful signal in noisy social media streams can be quite daunting to users. In this paper, we present and evaluate Whoo.ly, a web service that provides neighborhood-specific information based on Twitter posts that were automatically inferred to be hyperlocal. Whoo.ly automatically extracts and summarizes hyperlocal information about events, topics, people, and places from these Twitter posts. We provide an overview of our design goals with Whoo.ly and describe the system including the user interface and our unique event detection and summarization algorithms. We tested the usefulness of the system as a tool for finding neighborhood information through a comprehensive user study. The outcome demonstrated that most participants found Whoo.ly easier to use than Twitter and they would prefer it as a tool for exploring their neighborhoods.
description: ACM CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems 2013, best paper honorable mention, 10 pages, 4 figures