cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Improving safety in maintenance of the railway system by reducing latent errors – a way forward?
Creators: name: ALM, Håkan
name: BONNEVIER, Sara Saellström
name: GÄRLING, Anita
Publisher: name: CPH Conference : 11th International Symposium on Human Factors in Organisational Design and Management
Year: 2014

description: The company INFRANORD AB in Sweden works with production and maintenance of the railway system in Sweden. Risks and violations of safety rules have been observed by the organisation and a project was started 2010 with the aim to improve safety. The project was led by researchers from Luleå University of Technology and was based on the Tripod-Delta method, an established proactive safety philosophy. The results of the project were followed up two years later, in 2012. Improvements in the design of equipment were reported, as well as a positive tendency for the quality and safety of maintenance activities. The quality of communication was reported as being improved, incident reporting increased slightly and accidents decreased. On the negative side, a decrease in efficiency was reported. The results were interpreted as a positive trend towards a safety culture. A number of factors beside the project may have had an impact on the
results in the 2012 follow up study.
Biotechnology for Global Health: Solutions for the Developing World
Creators: name: Chin, Curtis
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Microfluidics
Vaccines--Transportation
Sustainable development--Health aspects
Poor--Health and hygiene
World health
Biotechnology--Health aspects
Sustainability

description: Identifying and developing emerging biotechnologies is important in improving health in the poorest nations because current health products and practices are not suited for their underdeveloped economies, their inadequate transport and power infrastructures, their largely rural populace, and their rugged, often tropical environments. Advances in biotechnology will more likely be valued and adopted as innovations in developing countries if they meet these challenging criteria. These innovations in health will favor a shift away from a centralized, curative-based framework towards a decentralized, prevention-based paradigm. In this article, advances in microfluidics and in vaccine delivery and storage are highlighted in the context of disease diagnosis and prevention in the developing world.
Visualizing Nodal Heavy Fermion Superconductivity in CeCoIn5
Creators: name: Zhou, Brian B.
name: Misra, Shashank
name: Neto, Eduardo H. da Silva
name: Aynajian, Pegor
name: Baumbach, Ryan E.
name: Thompson, J. D.
name: Bauer, Eric D.
name: Yazdani, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the origin of superconductivity in strongly correlated electron systems continues to be at the forefront of unsolved problems in all of physics. Among the heavy f-electron systems, CeCoIn5 is one of the most fascinating, as it shares many of the characteristics of correlated d-electron high-Tc cuprate and pnictide superconductors, including the competition between antiferromagnetism and superconductivity. While there has been evidence for unconventional pairing in this compound, high-resolution spectroscopic measurements of the superconducting state have been lacking. Previously, we have used high-resolution scanning tunneling microscopy techniques to visualize the emergence of heavy-fermion excitations in CeCoIn5 and demonstrate the composite nature of these excitations well above Tc. Here we extend these techniques to much lower temperatures to investigate how superconductivity develops within a strongly correlated band of composite excitations. We find the spectrum of heavy excitations to be strongly modified just prior to the onset of superconductivity by a suppression of the spectral weight near the Fermi energy, reminiscent of the pseudogap state in the cuprates. By measuring the response of superconductivity to various perturbations, through both quasiparticle interference and local pair-breaking experiments, we demonstrate the nodal d-wave character of superconducting pairing in CeCoIn5.
description: Advanced online publication in Nature Physics. 15 pages, 5 figures, Supplementary Information
The development of Danish OHS regulation - organizational understanding and program theory
Creators: name: SEIM, Rikke
name: LANGAA JENSEN, Per
name: MØLLER, Niels
Publisher: name: CPH Conference : 11th International Symposium on Human Factors in Organisational Design and Management
Year: 2014

description: This paper focuses on a major recent amendment of the Danish Working
Environment regulation concerning the cooperation of health and safety between
employees and employer. The amendment, which came into force in October 2010,
consists of four elements: 1) change of terminology, 2) flexibility in organizing OHS, 3) link between the companies’ overall strategic management and OHS and 4) continuously competence development for the health and safety representatives. In this paper we present and analyze the individual elements of the legislative amendment. Subsequent we investigate the organizational understanding that underlies the amendment and we explore the program theory that the different elements of the reform subscribe to.
Disorder-induced spin-charge separation in the 1-D Hubbard model
Creators: name: Thomson, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many-body localisation is believed to be generically unstable in quantum systems with continuous non-Abelian symmetries, even in the presence of strong disorder. Breaking these symmetries can stabilise the localised phase, leading to the emergence of an extensive number of quasi-locally conserved quantities known as local integrals of motion, or $l$-bits. Using a sophisticated non-perturbative technique based on continuous unitary transforms, we investigate the one-dimensional Hubbard model subject to both spin and charge disorder, compute the associated $l$-bits and demonstrate that the disorder gives rise to a novel form of spin-charge separation. We examine the role of symmetries in delocalising the spin and charge degrees of freedom, and show that while symmetries generally lead to delocalisation through multi-particle resonant processes, certain subsets of states appear stable.
Additional file 1 of Supermarket promotions in Western Sweden are incompatible with Nordic dietary recommendations and differ by area-level socioeconomic index
Creators: name: Mjöberg, Melissa
name: Lissner, Lauren
name: Hunsberger, Monica
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Transport properties of Ag5Pb2O6: a three-dimensional electron-gas-like system with low-carrier-density
Creators: name: Yonezawa, Shingo
name: Maeno, Yoshiteru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report normal-state transport properties of the single-crystalline samples of the silver-lead oxide superconductor Ag5Pb2O6, including the electrical resistivity, magnetoresistance, and Hall coefficient. From the Hall coefficient measurement, we confirmed that the carrier density of this oxide is as low as 5x10^{21} cm^{-3}, one order of magnitude smaller than those for ordinary alkali metals and noble metals. The magnetoresistance behavior is well characterized by the axial symmetry of the Fermi surface and by a single relaxation time. The T^2 term of the resistivity is scaled with the specific heat coefficient, based on the recent theory for the electron-electron scattering. The present results provide evidence that Ag5Pb2O6 is a low-carrier-density three-dimensional electron-gas-like system with enhanced electron-electron scatterings.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
High energy terahertz pulses from organic crystals: DAST and DSTMS pumped at Ti:sapphire wavelength
Creators: name: Monoszlai, B.
name: Vicario, C.
name: Jazbinsek, M.
name: Hauri, C. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High energy terahertz pulses are produced by optical rectification (OR) in organic crystals DAST and DSTMS by a Ti:sapphire amplifier system centered at 0.8 microns. The simple scheme provides broadband spectra between 1 and 5 THz, when pumped by collimated 60 fs near-infrared pump pulse and it is scalable in energy. Fluence-dependent conversion efficiency and damage threshold are reported as well as optimized OR at visible wavelength.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
title: Reichs-Fege-Mühle; [1848]
title: öffentliche Meinung
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Vorlageform der Veröffentlichungsangabe: Verlag v. R. Baist in Rödelheim
Distinguishing 6d (1,0) SCFTs: an extension to the geometric construction
Creators: name: Distler, Jacques
name: Kang, Monica Jinwoo
name: Lawrie, Craig
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a new extension to the geometric construction of 6d $(1,0)$ SCFTs that encapsulates Higgs branch structures with identical global symmetry but different spectra. In particular, we find that there exist distinct 6d $(1,0)$ SCFTs that may appear to share their tensor branch description, flavor symmetry algebras, and central charges. For example, such subtleties arise for the very even nilpotent Higgsing of $(\mathfrak{so}_{4k}, \mathfrak{so}_{4k})$ conformal matter; we propose a method to predict at which conformal dimension the Higgs branch operators of the two theories differ via augmenting the tensor branch description with the Higgs branch chiral ring generators of the building block theories. Torus compactifications of these 6d $(1,0)$ SCFTs give rise to 4d $\mathcal{N}=2$ SCFTs of class $\mathcal{S}$ and the Higgs branch of such 4d theories are captured via the Hall--Littlewood index. We confirm that the resulting 4d theories indeed differ in their spectra in the predicted conformal dimension from their Hall--Littlewood indices. We highlight how this ambiguity in the tensor branch description arises beyond the very even nilpotent Higgsing of $(\mathfrak{so}_{4k}, \mathfrak{so}_{4k})$ conformal matter, and hence should be understood for more general classes of 6d $(1,0)$ SCFTs.
description: 28 pages+references, 1 figure, Journal published version
Rotation of the Trajectories of Bright soliton and Realignment of Intensity Distribution in the Coupled Nonlinear Schrodinger Equation
Creators: name: Radha, R.
name: Vinayagam, P. S.
name: Porsezian, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the collisional dynamics of bright solitons in the coupled Nonlinear Schrodinger equation. We observe that apart from the intensity redistribution in the interaction of bright solitons, one also witnesses a rotation of the trajectories of bright solitons . The angle of rotation can be varied by suitably manipulating the Self-Phase Modulation (SPM) or Cross Phase Modulation (XPM) parameters.The rotation of the trajectories of the bright solitons arises due to the excess energy that is injected into the dynamical system through SPM or XPM. This extra energy not only contributes to the rotation of the trajectories, but also to the realignment of intensity distribution between the two modes. We also notice that the angular separation between the bright solitons can also manouvred suitably. The above results which exclude quantum superposition for the field vectors may have wider ramifications in nonlinear optics, Bose-Einstein condensates, Left Handed (LH) and Right Handed (RH) meta materials.
description: Accepted for Publication in Physical Rev E
Additional file 2 of Maternal and perinatal characteristics and outcomes of pregnancies complicated with COVID-19 in Kuwait
Creators: name: Ayed, Amal
name: Embaireeg, Alia
name: Benawadh, Asmaa
name: Wadha Al-Fouzan
name: Majdeda Hammoud
name: Monif Al-Hathal
name: Alzaydai, Abeer
name: Ahmad, Ashraf
name: Ayed, Mariam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Clinical features of pregnant patients with COVID-19 in ICU. Table S2. Clinical features of pregnant COVID-19 patients who had a miscarriage. Table S3. Clinical features of COVID-19 positive neonate.
Accelerating Tests of General Relativity with Gravitational-Wave Signals using Hybrid Sampling
Creators: name: Wolfe, Noah E.
name: Talbot, Colm
name: Golomb, Jacob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Advanced LIGO/Virgo interferometers have observed $\sim 100$ gravitational-wave transients enabling new questions to be answered about relativity, astrophysics, and cosmology. However, many of our current procedures for computing these constraints will not scale well with the increased size of future transient catalogs. We introduce a novel hybrid sampling method in order to more efficiently perform parameterized tests of general relativity with gravitational-wave signals. Applying our method to the binary black hole merger GW150914 and simulated signals we find that our method is approximately an order of magnitude more efficient than the current method with conservative settings for our hybrid analysis. While we have focused on the specific problem of measuring potential deviations from relativity, our method is of much wider applicability to any problem that can be decomposed into a simple and more complex model(s).
description: 14 pages, 13 figures; modifications in response to referee report, including comparison to other MCMC initialization methods
Additional file 1 of Maternal and perinatal characteristics and outcomes of pregnancies complicated with COVID-19 in Kuwait
Creators: name: Ayed, Amal
name: Embaireeg, Alia
name: Benawadh, Asmaa
name: Wadha Al-Fouzan
name: Majdeda Hammoud
name: Monif Al-Hathal
name: Alzaydai, Abeer
name: Ahmad, Ashraf
name: Ayed, Mariam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Management of patients with COVID-19.
GATE: Graph CCA for Temporal SElf-supervised Learning for Label-efficient fMRI Analysis
Creators: name: Peng, Liang
name: Wang, Nan
name: Xu, Jie
name: Zhu, Xiaofeng
name: Li, Xiaoxiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this work, we focus on the challenging task, neuro-disease classification, using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). In population graph-based disease analysis, graph convolutional neural networks (GCNs) have achieved remarkable success. However, these achievements are inseparable from abundant labeled data and sensitive to spurious signals. To improve fMRI representation learning and classification under a label-efficient setting, we propose a novel and theory-driven self-supervised learning (SSL) framework on GCNs, namely Graph CCA for Temporal self-supervised learning on fMRI analysis GATE. Concretely, it is demanding to design a suitable and effective SSL strategy to extract formation and robust features for fMRI. To this end, we investigate several new graph augmentation strategies from fMRI dynamic functional connectives (FC) for SSL training. Further, we leverage canonical-correlation analysis (CCA) on different temporal embeddings and present the theoretical implications. Consequently, this yields a novel two-step GCN learning procedure comprised of (i) SSL on an unlabeled fMRI population graph and (ii) fine-tuning on a small labeled fMRI dataset for a classification task. Our method is tested on two independent fMRI datasets, demonstrating superior performance on autism and dementia diagnosis.
How could you implement ‘awakened need of change’ for the applying ergonomics to work system in industrially developing countrie
Creators: name: HELALI, Faramarz
name: ABDOLLAHPOUR, Nosrat
Publisher: name: CPH Conference : 11th International Symposium on Human Factors in Organisational Design and Management
Year: 2014

description: This paper describes the different getting learning understanding of systemic
organization knowledge conversation of a Pre-Macro-ergonomics intervention process for ‘Awakened need of change’, based on implementing PDSA Cycles of learning and its ‘Meta-reflection’ as an interactive research work. The practical applications and implications of the process are drawn from the finding of the
framing positive question toward knowing, relating, action, and organizing; 1) what is the successful of this kind of Pre-Macro-ergonomics Intervention right now? (Appreciative), 2) what do we need to change to make a better future? (Imagine), 3) who takes action and with what consequences? (Act)
Energy conditions in $F(T,Θ)$ gravity and compatibility with a stable de Sitter solution
Creators: name: Kiani, Faeze
name: Nozari, Kourosh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a new type of the modified teleparallel gravity of the form $F(T,\,Θ)$ in which $T$, the torsion scalar, is coupled with $Θ$, the trace of the stress-energy tensor. In a perturbational approach, we study the stability of the solutions and as a special case we find a condition for stability of the de Sitter phase. Then we adopt a suitable form for $F(T,Θ)$ that realizes a stable de Sitter solution so that the stability condition creates a specific constraint on the parametric space of the model. Finally, the energy conditions in the framework of $F(T,Θ)$ gravity is investigated.
description: 16 pages, no figure, revised version with new references
Anticipated challenges for cross-organisational distributed collaboration in reactive telemedicine
Creators: name: REEGAARD, Kine
name: NYSTAD, Espen
name: FERNANDES, Alexandra
name: RINDAHL, Grete
Publisher: name: CPH Conference : 11th International Symposium on Human Factors in Organisational Design and Management
Year: 2014

description: On the Norwegian Continental Shelf, several operators have invested in technologies that are enabling and enhancing real-time collaboration between personnel onshore and offshore in order to achieve more effective decision-making. This is thought to improve operational performance, including delivery of offshore healthcare. Frequently in offshore healthcare, distributed collaboration takes place between medical personnel belonging to different organisations. Despite advances in and use of collaboration technologies, there is still potential for improvements in the cross-organisational collaboration. A system perspective is used to address some of the issues that need to be considered for successfully enhancing cross-organisational collaboration in telemedicine.
title: I want their voices to be heard
Creators: name: Yazdani, Yalda
name: Schmidt, Uta C.
Publisher: name: DuEPublico
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 300
subject: Musik
subject: Feminismus
subject: Politik

description: Yalda Yazdani was born in Esfahan, Iran. She is an Iranian ethnomusicologist, musician, curator and artistic director. She talked with Uta C. Schmidt about her research and cultural work.
description: blog interdisziplinäre geschlechterforschung
Terrestrial planet and asteroid belt formation by Jupiter-Saturn chaotic excitation
Creators: name: Lykawka, Patryk Sofia
name: Ito, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The terrestrial planets formed by accretion of asteroid-like objects within the inner solar system's protoplanetary disk. Previous works have found that forming a small-mass Mars requires the disk to contain little mass beyond ~1.5 au (i.e., the disk mass was concentrated within this boundary). The asteroid belt also holds crucial information about the origin of such a narrow disk. Several scenarios may produce a narrow disk. However, simultaneously replicating the four terrestrial planets and the inner solar system properties remains elusive. Here, we found that chaotic excitation of disk objects generated by a near-resonant configuration of Jupiter-Saturn can create a narrow disk, allowing the formation of the terrestrial planets and the asteroid belt. Our simulations showed that this mechanism could typically deplete a massive disk beyond ~1.5 au on a 5-10 Myr timescale. The resulting terrestrial systems reproduced the current orbits and masses of Venus, Earth and Mars. Adding an inner region disk component within ~0.8-0.9 au allowed several terrestrial systems to simultaneously form analogues of the four terrestrial planets. Our terrestrial systems also frequently satisfied additional constraints: Moon-forming giant impacts occurring after a median ~30-55 Myr, late impactors represented by disk objects formed within 2 au, and effective water delivery during the first 10-20 Myr of Earth's formation. Finally, our model asteroid belt explained the asteroid belt's orbital structure, small mass and taxonomy (S-, C- and D/P-types).
description: Accepted for publication in Scientific Reports. 71 pages, 12 figures, and 5 tables
Revisiting the transition $Ξ^{+}_{cc}\toΞ^{(')+}_c$ to understand the data from LHCb
Creators: name: Ke, Hong-Wei
name: Li, Xue-Qian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The LHCb collaboration newly measured the decay rate of doubly charmed baryon $Ξ^{++}_{cc}\toΞ^{'+}π^+$ and a ratio of its branching fraction with respect to that of the decay $Ξ^{++}_{cc}\toΞ^{+}π^+$ is reported as $1.41\pm 0.17\pm 0.10$. This result conflicts with the theoretical predictions made by several groups. In our previous work, following the prescription given in early literature where the $us$ diquark in $Ξ^{+}_{c}$ is assumed to be a scalar whereas in $Ξ^{'+}_{c}$ is a vector i.e. the spin-flavor structure of $Ξ^{+}_{c}$ is $[us]_0 c$ and that of $Ξ^{'+}_{c}$ is $[us]_1 c$, we studied the case of $Ξ^{++}_{cc}\toΞ^{(')+}$ with the light front quark model. Numerically we obtained $Γ(Ξ^{++}_{cc}\toΞ^{'+}π^+)/Γ(Ξ^{++}_{cc}\toΞ^{+}π^+)=0.56\pm0.18$ which is about half of the data. While abandoning the presupposition, we suppose the spin-flavor structure of $us$ in $Ξ^{+}_{c}$ may be a mixture of scalar and vector, namely the spin-flavor function of $Ξ^{+}_{c}$ could be ${\rm cos}θ\, [us]_{0}[c]+{\rm sin}θ\, [us]_{1}[c]$. An alternative combination $-{\rm sin}θ\,[us]_{0}[c]+{\rm cos}θ\, [us]_{1}[c]$ would correspond to $Ξ^{'+}_{c}$. Introducing the mixing mechanism the ratio $Γ(Ξ^{++}_{cc}\toΞ^{'+}π^+)/Γ(Ξ^{++}_{cc}\toΞ^{+}π^+)$ depends on the mixing angle $θ$. With the mixing scenario, the theoretical prediction on the ratio between the transition rate of $Ξ^{+}_{cc}\toΞ^{'+}_c$ and that of $Ξ^{+}_{cc}\toΞ^{+}_c$ can coincide with the data as long as $θ=16.27^\circ\pm2.30^\circ$ or $85.54^\circ\pm2.30^\circ$ is set. Definitely, more precise measurements on other decay portals of $Ξ^{+}_{cc}$ are badly needed for testing the mixing mechanism and further determining the mixing angle.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures and 5 tables. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1912.01435
Formation of the First Low-Mass Stars from Cosmological Initial Conditions
Creators: name: Safranek-Shrader, Chalence
name: Milosavljevic, Milos
name: Bromm, Volker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We simulate the formation of a metal-poor (10^-2 Zsun) stellar cluster in one of the first galaxies to form in the early Universe, specifically a high-redshift atomic cooling halo (z~14). This is the first calculation that resolves the formation of individual metal-enriched stars in simulations starting from realistic cosmological initial conditions. We follow the evolution of a single dense clump among several in the parent halo. The clump forms a cluster of ~40 stars and sub-stellar objects within 7000 years and could continue forming stars ~5 times longer. Protostellar dust heating has a negligible effect on the star formation efficiency, at least during the early evolutionary stages, but it moderately suppresses gaseous fragmentation and brown dwarf formation. We observe fragmentation in thin gaseous filaments and sustained accretion in larger, rotating structures as well as ejections by binary interactions. The stellar initial mass function above 0.1 Msun, evaluated after ~10^4 years of fragmentation and accretion, seems in agreement with the recent measurement in ultra-faint dwarf spheroidal Galactic satellites of Geha et al. (2013).
description: 5 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters. For movies of the simulations please visit http://www.as.utexas.edu/~ctss/
Additional file 1 of Can pelvic diameter measurement have an effect on surgical outcomes in radical cystectomy?
Creators: name: Erdik, Anil
name: Cimen, Haci Ibrahim
name: Kose, Osman
name: Ates, Omer Faruk
name: Taydas, Onur
name: Gul, Deniz
name: Saglam, Hasan Salih
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Incidence of postoperative complications.
Dopamine presynaptically and heterogeneously modulates nucleus accumbens medium-spiny neuron GABA synapses in vitro
Creators: name: Geldwert, Daron
name: Norris, J. Madison
name: Feldman, Igor
name: Schulman, Joshua
name: Joyce, Myra P.
name: Rayport, Stephen G.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Dopamine--Receptors
subject: Synapses
subject: GABA
subject: Corpus striatum
subject: Nucleus accumbens
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Background: The striatal complex is the major target of dopamine action in the CNS. There, medium-spiny GABAergic neurons, which constitute about 95% of the neurons in the area, form a mutually inhibitory synaptic network that is modulated by dopamine. When put in culture, the neurons reestablish this network. In particular, they make autaptic connections that provide access to single, identified medium-spiny to medium-spiny neuron synaptic connections.

Results: We examined medium-spiny neuron autaptic connections in postnatal cultures from the nucleus accumbens, the ventral part of the striatal complex. These connections were subject to presynaptic dopamine modulation. D1-like receptors mediated either inhibition or facilitation, while D2-like receptors predominantly mediated inhibition. Many connections showed both D1 and D2 modulation, consistent with a significant functional colocalization of D1 and D2-like receptors at presynaptic sites. These same connections were subject to GABAA, GABAB, norepinephrine and serotonin modulation, revealing a multiplicity of modulatory autoreceptors and heteroreceptors on individual varicosities. In some instances, autaptic connections had two components that were differentially modulated by dopamine agonists, suggesting that dopamine receptors could be distributed heterogeneously on the presynaptic varicosities making up a single synaptic (i.e. autaptic) connection.

Conclusion: Differential trafficking of dopamine receptors to different presynaptic varicosities could explain the many controversial studies reporting widely varying degrees of dopamine receptor colocalization in medium-spiny neurons, as well as more generally the diversity of dopamine actions in target areas. Longer-term changes in the modulatory actions of dopamine in the striatal complex could be due to plasticity in the presynaptic distribution of dopamine receptors on medium-spiny neuron varicosities.
Observational Test of Stochastic Heating in Low-$β$ Fast Solar Wind Streams
Creators: name: Bourouaine, Sofiane
name: Chandran, Benjamin D. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spacecraft measurements show that protons undergo substantial perpendicular heating during their transit from the Sun to the outer heliosphere. In this paper, we use {\em Helios~2} measurements to investigate whether stochastic heating by low-frequency turbulence is capable of explaining this perpendicular heating. We analyze {\em Helios~2} magnetic-field measurements in low-$β$ fast-solar-wind streams between heliocentric distances $r=0.29$ AU and $r=0.64$ AU to determine the rms amplitude of the fluctuating magnetic field, $δB_{\rm p}$, near the proton gyroradius scale $ρ_{\rm p}$. We then evaluate the stochastic heating rate $Q_{\perp \rm stoch}$ using the measured value of $δB_{\rm p}$ and a previously published analytical formula for $Q_{\perp \rm stoch}$. Using {\em Helios} measurements we estimate the `empirical' perpendicular heating rate $Q_{\perp \rm emp} = (k_{\rm B}/m_{\rm p}) B V (d/dr) (T_{\perp \rm p}/B)$ that is needed to explain the $T_{\perp \rm p}$ profile. We find that $Q_{\perp \rm stoch} \sim Q_{\perp \rm emp}$, but only if a key dimensionless constant appearing in the formula for $Q_{\perp \rm stoch}$ lies within a certain range of values. This range is approximately the same throughout the radial interval that we analyze and is consistent with the results of numerical simulations of the stochastic heating of test particles in reduced magnetohydrodynamic turbulence. These results support the hypothesis that stochastic heating accounts for much of the perpendicular proton heating occurring in low-$β$ fast-wind streams.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, accepted in Astrophysical journal
What is an animated image? Korean shaman paintings as objects of ambiguity
Creators: name: Kendall, Laurel M.
name: Yang, Jongsung
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Shamans
Religious articles
Koreans--Religion
Religion
Asians

description: Building on a crossdisciplinary interest in how religion works materially, we examine the triangulated relationship between Korean shamans (mansin), the paintings of gods that hang in their shrines, and the animating presences that empower both mansin and paintings, drawing inspiration from Alfred Gell’s notion of “object agency.” The gods who inspire a mansin to manifest them in ritual and who animate the paintings in her shrine perform inspiration (of the shaman) and animation (of the paintings) in analogous and complementary ways through relationships that are variable, contingent, and often ambiguous. By contrast, the Buddha images that also inhabit the mansin’s shrine are a different kind of animated thing. Our study argues for more fine-grained discussions of numinous paraphernalia and the ways that the efficacy of sacred objects and bodies is realized (or not). We also offer a caution against the presumptions of generalizing terminologies such as “animated images” where different images might be qualitatively different kinds of animated thing, even within the same lived religious world.
Exact and numerical solutions of the Riemann problem for a conservative model of compressible two-phase flows
Creators: name: Thein, Ferdinand
name: Romenski, Evgeniy
name: Dumbser, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35L03, 35Q35

description: In this work we study the solution of the Riemann problem for the barotropic version of the conservative symmetric hyperbolic and thermodynamically compatible (SHTC) two-phase flow model introduced in \cite{Romenski2007,Romenski2009}. All characteristic fields are carefully studied and explicit expressions are derived for the Riemann invariants and the Rankine-Hugoniot conditions. Due to the presence of multiple characteristics in the system under consideration, non-standard wave phenomena can occur. Therefore we briefly review admissibility conditions for discontinuities and then discuss possible wave interactions. In particular we will show that overlapping rarefaction waves are possible and moreover we may have shocks that lie inside a rarefaction wave. In contrast to nonconservative two phase flow models, such as the Baer-Nunziato system, we can use the advantage of the conservative form of the model under consideration. Furthermore, we show the relation between the considered conservative SHTC system and the corresponding barotropic version of the nonconservative Baer-Nunziato model. Additionally, we derive the reduced four equation Kapila system for the case of instantaneous relaxation, which is the common limit system of both, the conservative SHTC model and the non-conservative Baer-Nunziato model. Finally, we compare exact solutions of the Riemann problem with numerical results obtained for the conservative two-phase flow model under consideration, for the non-conservative Baer-Nunziato system and for the Kapila limit. The examples underline the previous analysis of the different wave phenomena, as well as differences and similarities of the three systems.
A Census of X-ray gas in NGC 1068: Results from 450ks of Chandra HETG Observation
Creators: name: Kallman, T.
name: Evans, D. A.
name: Marshall, H.
name: Canizares, C.
name: Longinotti, A.
name: Nowak, M.
name: Schulz, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present models for the X-ray spectrum of the Seyfert 2 galaxy NGC 1068. These are fitted to data obtained using the High Energy Transmission Grating (HETG) on the Chandra X-ray observatory. The data show line and radiative recombination continuum (RRC) emission from a broad range of ions and elements. The models explore the importance of excitation processes for these lines including photoionization followed by recombination, radiative excitation by absorption of continuum radiation and inner shell fluorescence. The models show that the relative importance of these processes depends on the conditions in the emitting gas, and that no single emitting component can fit the entire spectrum. In particular, the relative importance of radiative excitation and photoionization/recombination differs according to the element and ion stage emitting the line. This in turn implies a diversity of values for the ionization parameter of the various components of gas responsible for the emission, ranging from log(xi)=1 -- 3. Using this, we obtain an estimate for the total amount of gas responsible for the observed emission. The mass flux through the region included in the HETG extraction region is approximately 0.3 Msun/yr assuming ordered flow at the speed characterizing the line widths. This can be compared with what is known about this object from other techniques.
description: 39 pages, 12 figures, Ap. J. in press
DESIGN AND SYNTHESIS OF NOVEL ENZYME INHIBITORS AS ANTIPROLIFERATIVE COMPOUNDS WITH ANTIPROTOZOAL AND ANTICANCER ACTIVITY
Creators: name: GALBIATI, ANDREA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2021

description: This dissertation describes the research carried out as part of a PhD program in Chemistry from the 1st October 2017 until 30th November 2020. The PhD project investigated the development of inhibitors of enzymes involved in important metabolic pathways, with the final aim to produce an antiproliferative effect. The present thesis combines the works performed at the University of Milan and Vrije Universiteit of Amsterdam. Part A describes the research performed in Amsterdam, NL during my period abroad from January to September 2019 in the research group of Professor Rob Leurs, at the Division of Medicinal Chemistry of the Amsterdam Institute for Molecules, Medicines and Systems, Vrije Universiteit of Amsterdam. In particular, this part outlines the design, synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of two novel series of potent antitrypanosomal agents, identified through SAR exploration and scaffold hopping approach starting from cyclic nucleotide Trypanosoma brucei phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors. PDE enzymes provide a fine control on several biochemical pathways and have recently been demonstrated to be essential for parasite proliferation. Their disruption by RNA interference (RNAi) dramatically increase intracellular cAMP and, consequently, causes complete mortal trypanosome cell lysis. Part B describes the research done at the Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, under the supervision of Professor Paola Conti, on the design and synthesis of novel covalent inhibitors targeting the glycolytic enzyme Glyceraldehyde-3- phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). Due to its pivotal role in the glycolysis, GAPDH represents a rate-limiting enzyme in those cells that mostly, or exclusively rely on this pathway for energy production. In this context, GAPDH inhibition represents a valuable approach for the development of anticancer and antiparasitic drugs. Due to the presence of a druggable nucleophilic cysteine residue in the catalytic pocket of the target, I focused my attention on the development of covalent GAPDH inhibitors, presenting an electrophilic warhead with a finely tuned reactivity. In particular, Section B2 reportsthe work conducted on the development of Plasmodium falciparum GAPDH inhibitors and the in vitro antiplasmodial activity. Section B3 shows the work performed on the design and synthesis of human GAPDH inhibitors, with in vitro antitumor activity.
Additional file 1 of Assessment and treatment of recurrent urinary tract infections in women: development of a questionnaire based on a qualitative study of patient expectations in secondary care
Creators: name: Pat, J. J.
name: T. V. D. Aart
name: M. G. Steffens
name: L. P. W. Witte
name: M. H. Blanker
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Interview guide patient expectations regarding diagnosis and treatment of referral for recurrent urinary tract infections.
Exploiting the Einstein Telescope to solve the Hubble tension
Creators: name: Califano, Matteo
name: de Martino, Ivan
name: Vernieri, Daniele
name: Capozziello, Salvatore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We probe four cosmological models which, potentially, can solve the Hubble tension according to the dark energy equation of state. In this context, we demonstrate that the Einstein Telescope is capable of achieving a relative accuracy below $1\%$ on the Hubble constant independently of the specific dark energy model. We firstly build mock catalogs containing gravitational wave events for one, five and ten years of observations, and above Signal-to-Noise Ratio equal to nine. From these catalogs, we extract the events which are most likely associated with possible electromagnetic counterpart detected by THESEUS. Finally, we select four dark energy models, namely a non-flat $ω$CDM, an interacting dark energy, an emergent dark energy, and a time varying gravitational constant model, to forecast the precision down to which the Einstein Telescope can bound the corresponding cosmological parameters. We foresee that the Hubble constant is always constrained with less than $1\%$ uncertainty, thereby offering a potential solution to the Hubble tension. The accuracy on the other cosmological parameters is at most comparable with the one currently obtained using multiple probes, except for the emergent dark energy model for which the Einstein Telescope alone will be able to improve the current limits by more than one order of magnitude.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures and 2 tables. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev D
Multiclass classification using quantum convolutional neural networks with hybrid quantum-classical learning
Creators: name: Bokhan, Denis
name: Mastiukova, Alena S.
name: Boev, Aleksey S.
name: Trubnikov, Dmitrii N.
name: Fedorov, Aleksey K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multiclass classification is of great interest for various applications, for example, it is a common task in computer vision, where one needs to categorize an image into three or more classes. Here we propose a quantum machine learning approach based on quantum convolutional neural networks for solving the multiclass classification problem. The corresponding learning procedure is implemented via TensorFlowQuantum as a hybrid quantum-classical (variational) model, where quantum output results are fed to the softmax activation function with the subsequent minimization of the cross entropy loss via optimizing the parameters of the quantum circuit. Our conceptional improvements here include a new model for a quantum perceptron and an optimized structure of the quantum circuit. We use the proposed approach to solve a 4-class classification problem for the case of the MNIST dataset using eight qubits for data encoding and four ancilla qubits; previous results have been obtained for 3-class classification problems. Our results show that accuracies of our solution are similar to classical convolutional neural networks with comparable numbers of trainable parameters. We expect that our finding provide a new step towards the use of quantum neural networks for solving relevant problems in the NISQ era and beyond.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables
Basin of Attraction Determines Hysteresis in Explosive Synchronization
Creators: name: Zou, Yong
name: Pereira, Tiago
name: Small, Michael
name: Liu, Zonghua
name: Kurths, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spontaneous explosive emergent behavior takes place in heterogeneous networks when the frequencies of the nodes are positively correlated to the node degree. A central feature of such explosive transitions is a hysteretic behavior at the transition to synchronization. We unravel the underlying mechanisms and show that the dynamical origin of the hysteresis is a change of basin of attraction of the synchronization state. Our findings hold for heterogeneous networks with star graph motifs such as scale free networks, and hence reveal how microscopic network parameters such as node degree and frequency affect the global network properties and can be used for network design and control.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of Organizational resilience in healthcare: a review and descriptive narrative synthesis of approaches to resilience measurement and assessment in empirical studies
Creators: name: Ignatowicz, Agnieszka
name: Tarrant, Carolyn
name: Mannion, Russell
name: El-Sawy, Dena
name: Conroy, Simon
name: Lasserson, Daniel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Example of search strategies for models of resilience topic: All searches run early Sept 2020.
Additional file 1 of Epidemiology, risk factors, and clinical impact of early post-transplant infection in older kidney transplant recipients: the Korean organ transplantation registry study
Creators: name: Kim, Jin Sug
name: Jeong, Kyung Hwan
name: Lee, Dong Won
name: Lee, Sam Yeol
name: Lee, Sang Ho
name: Jaeseok Yang
name: Curie Ahn
name: Hwang, Hyeon Seok
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Cox regression for clinical outcomes according to experience of early post-transplant infection.
Additional file 1 of Does respiratory co-infection facilitate dispersal of SARS-CoV-2? investigation of a super-spreading event in an open-space office
Creators: name: Weissberg, Dana
name: Böni, Jürg
name: Rampini, Silvana K.
name: Kufner, Verena
name: Zaheri, Maryam
name: Schreiber, Peter W.
name: Abela, Irene A.
name: Huber, Michael
name: Sax, Hugo
name: Wolfensberger, Aline
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Phylogenetic analysis. Phylogenetic tree of the super-spreading event and all high-quality sequences from Switzerland with collection date on or before March 9, 2020 available on GISAID by August 5, 2020. Sequences from the super-spreading event described here are shown in bold.