cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Prescribing Patterns of Antipsychotic Medication in a Long-Term Care Psychiatric Hospital
Creators: name: Miozzo, Ruben
name: Tisminetzky, Mayra
name: Dolley, Seven
name: Lorberg, Boris
name: Geller, Jeffrey L.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2014

description: Introduction: In spite of recent pharmacologic advances, psychopharmacological treatment of patients with severe mental illness has remained a challenging task. Despite limited supporting evidence, the use of polypharmacy (prescription of more than one antipsychotic drug for an individual patient) has become a frequent approach. Polypharmacy has been associated with an increased incidence of adverse effects.

Objective: To explore patterns of prescribing antipsychotic agents in a long-term inpatient facility. To examine the prevalence of polypharmacy and its association with age, sex, ethnicity and legal status in a sample of individuals with diverse psychiatric diagnoses. To determine the association of antipsychotic agents (single agent and polypharmacy use) and increased body mass index (BMI).

Method: We examined the prescribing of antipsychotic drugs in a sample of 234 in-patients, during a 2-month period in a long term in-patient facility in Central Massachusetts during 2013. We performed a comprehensive review of patients ‘medical records and collected information on: age, sex, ethnicity, admission date, body mass index, primary and secondary diagnoses, and legal status (voluntary versus involuntary). We examined the use of the selected antipsychotic agents (haloperidol, clozapine, olanzapine, and risperidone) as well as determined median dose in milligrams for each agent. We created an additive score of antipsychotic to explore prescribing patterns in the described in-patients population and investigated the association of various demographic factors, diagnoses (affective versus psychotic disorder) with polipharmacy. We calculated the frequency of antipsychotic agents use in combination, and particularly determined the frequency of polypharmacy in patients receiving clozapine. Finally, we examined the association of high body mass index (>25) with the use of particular antipsychotic agents alone, as well as with the use of polypharmacy.
The peculiar extinction law of SN2014J measured with The Hubble Space Telescope
Creators: name: Amanullah, R.
name: Goobar, A.
name: Johansson, J.
name: Banerjee, D. P. K.
name: Venkataraman, V.
name: Joshi, V.
name: Ashok, N. M.
name: Cao, Y.
name: Kasliwal, M. M.
name: Kulkarni, S. R.
name: Nugent, P. E.
name: Petrushevska, T.
name: Stanishev, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The wavelength-dependence of the extinction of Type Ia SN2014J in the nearby galaxy M82 has been measured using UV to near-IR photometry obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope, the Nordic Optical Telescope, and the Mount Abu Infrared Telescope. This is the first time that the reddening of a SN Ia is characterized over the full wavelength range of $0.2$-$2$ microns. A total-to-selective extinction, $R_V\geq3.1$, is ruled out with high significance. The best fit at maximum using a Galactic type extinction law yields $R_V = 1.4\pm0.1$. The observed reddening of SN2014J is also compatible with a power-law extinction, $A_λ/A_V = \left( λ/ {λ_V} \right)^{p}$ as expected from multiple scattering of light, with $p=-2.1\pm0.1$. After correction for differences in reddening, SN2014J appears to be very similar to SN2011fe over the 14 broad-band filter light curves used in our study.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJL
title: Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-lytic Cross-reactive Influenza-A (IAV) Memory CD8 T-cells in EBV Sero-negative Middle-aged Adults
Creators: name: Mishra, Rabinarayan
name: Watkin, Levi B.
name: Aslan, Nuray
name: Gil, Anna
name: Ruiz De Luzuriaga, Katherine
name: Selin, Liisa K.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2014

description: EBV is a common human pathogen, which infects ~90% of people and establishes a life-long chronic infection. The clinical outcomes of acute infection can range from asymptomatic to severe immunopathology such as infectious mononucleosis (IM). However, for unknown reasons 5-10% of middle-aged adults (>35 years) remain EBV-seronegative (EBV-SN) when the virus infects the vast majority of people, and is actively shed at high titers during chronic infection. Here we show that EBV-SN (ASN) HLA-A2+ middle-aged adults possess a unique IAV-M1-GIL58-66 memory CD8 T-cell response that cross-reacts with EBV lytic epitopes that differs from teenage EBV-SN (TSN) (18-19 years) and EBV-seropositive (EBV-SP) adult donors. The five tested HLA-A2+ EBV-SN middle-aged adults had a significantly increased IAV-M158-66-GIL tetramer+ CD8 frequency compared to EBV-SP donors. Upon exposure to EBV antigens in vitro both IAV-M158-66GIL/EBV-BMLF1280-288-GLC and IAV-M158-66-GIL/EBV-BRLF1109-117-YVL, functionally cross-reactive CD8+ responses could be detected in the peripheral blood of middle-aged EBV-SN donors, while only IAV-M1/EBV-YVL cross-reactive responses were detected in some teenage EBV-SN or EBV-seropositive people . Surprisingly, these IAV-M1-GIL-specific CD8 T-cells in middle-aged EBV-SN adults expanded dramatically to EBV lytic antigens and produced cytokines at high functional avidity. They lysed EBV-infected targets and showed potential (by CD103 expression) to enter mucosal epithelial tissue where infection initiates. Additionally, these cross-reactive cells had an oligo-clonal T-cell receptor repertoire different than EBV-SP donors. Taken together these data suggest that an altered cross-reactive T cell repertoire could mediate protective immunity against viral infection. Our results imply that sero-negative adults might have the ability to resist viral infection via heterologous immunity. (NIH-AI49320).
Density functional investigation of spin polarization in bulk and thin films of nitrogen intercalated Cu3N
Creators: name: Sani, Seyed Mojtaba Rezaei
name: Karimipour, Masoud
name: Ghoohestani, Marzieh
name: Hashemifar, Seyed Javad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been reported theoretically that the intercalation of nitrogen in the voids of the rather open cubic structure of bulk Cu3N build up a magnetic structure. In an extended effort to study this system, we have investigated spin polarization in bulk and thin films of nitrogen intercalated Cu3N (Cu3N2) structure by means of first-principles calculations based on Kohn-Sham density functional theory and ultrasoft pseudopotentials technique. Contrary to the previous study, the results show that after an accurate structural relaxation of the system, magnetism in the bulk structure vanishes. This effect is due to the migration of the intercalated nitrogen atom from the body center of the cell to the nearness of one of the cell faces. Similar study for the thin films of 5, 7, 9 and 11 monolayers thickness was performed and it was found that initial relaxation of structures with 7 and 11 monolayers show a net magnetic moment of 2.6 μB. By a more extended survey of the energy surfaces, the film with 7 monolayers loses its magnetic moment similar to the bulk structure but the film with 11 monolayers maintains its magnetic moment. It is possibly a new quantum size effect that keeps the intercalated nitrogen atom of the middlemost cell at the body center site. Electron density map of this film clearly confirms the spin polarization upon the intercalated atom.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
title: Exosome-mediated Delivery of RNA Interference and miRNA Mimic
Creators: name: Momen-Heravi, Fatemeh
name: Bala, Shashi
name: Bukong, Terence N.
name: Szabo, Gyongyi
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2014

description: Exosomes, membranous nanovesicles, naturally carry bio-macromolecules and play pivotal roles in both physiological intercellular crosstalk and disease pathogenesis. Here, we showed that B cell-derived exosomes can function as vehicles to deliver exogenous miRNA-155 mimic or inhibitor into hepatocytes or macrophages, respectively. Stimulation of B cells significantly increased exosome production. Unlike in parental cells, baseline level of miRNA-155 was very low in exosomes derived from stimulated B cells. Exosomes loaded with a miRNA-155 mimic significantly increased miRNA-155 levels in primary mouse hepatocytes and the liver of miRNA-155 knockout mice. Treatment of RAW macrophages with miRNA-155 inhibitor loaded exosomes resulted in statistically significant reduction in LPS-induced TNFα production and partially prevented LPS-induced decrease in SOCS1 mRNA levels. Furthermore, exosome-mediated miRNA-155 inhibitor delivery resulted in functionally more efficient inhibition and less cellular toxicity compared to conventional transfection methods. Similar approaches could be useful in modification of target biomolecules in vitro and in vivo.
title: Crossreactive Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-Influenza A Virus (IAV) Specific CD8 Memory T Cells During Acute Symptomatic IAV Infection
Creators: name: Mishra, Rabinarayan
name: Gil, Anna
name: Aslan, Nuray
name: Ruiz De Luzuriaga, Katherine
name: Selin, Liisa K.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2014

description: We previously showed that crossreactivity is common between IAV and EBV in HLA-A2+ patients during infectious mononucleosis. IAV-M1-GIL58-66 specific CD8 T cells, along with expanded populations of IAV-M1-GIL58-66/EBV-BRLF-1109-117 -YVL and IAV-M1-GIL58-66/EBV-BMLF1280-288-GLC double-tetramer+ cells were detected directly ex-vivo in 5 HLA-A2+ patients. Altered IAV-M158-66, EBV-BRLF1119-117 and -BMLF1280-288 TCR repertoires were observed over the course of infection and in comparison to healthy donors. After culture, cells were sorted and analyzed by gene array in order to assess global changes in immune responses following different stimulations, either cognate or crossreactive, in different patient populations. M1-GIL and BRLF1-YVL specific cells had similar immune-response gene signatures, but the -GLC specific CD8 cells were more similar to the two-crossreactive populations. Crossreactive M1-GIL/BRLF1-YVL cells from the BRLF1-YVL line were different in their activation status than the BRLF1-specific cells, consistent with BRLF1-YVL ligand stimulation of different gene activation profiles in these two populations. These results suggest that during symptomatic IAV infection there is an expansion of EBV/IAV crossreactive memory CD8 T cell responses. Ongoing studies are investigating whether EBV-IAV cross-reactive CD8+ T cells may contribute to immunopathology during acute IAV infection (NIH / NIAID PO1 AI 049320).
title: Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Diabetic versus Non-diabetic Pregnancies
Creators: name: Moore Simas, Tiffany A.
name: Rojas-Rodriguez, Raziel
name: Draper, Jacqueline Tessa
name: Sert, Aylin
name: Kruse, Maxwell
name: Boeras, Crina
name: Rosenthal, Brittany
name: Gaelikman, Olga
name: Min, So-Yun
name: Leung, Katherine G.
name: Corvera, Silvia
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2014

description: Objective: Beyond weight associated with fetus, placenta, amniotic fluid and increased blood volume, adipose tissue (AT) expansion is an accepted and expected component of pregnancy weight gain. Normal pregnancy is associated with relative insulin resistance (IR). In non-pregnant humans, AT expansion has been associated with IR and AT inflammation. However, it is not known whether AT expansion and IR in pregnancy are also associated with AT inflammation. This pilot study examined relationships between AT expansion and inflammation in control versus diabetic pregnancies.

Methods: Eligible subjects undergoing scheduled Cesarean delivery for obstetric indications were prospectively enrolled. Subjects provided demographic and anthropometric data, and biologic specimens. Immunofluorescence microscopy was performed on subcutaneous (SQ) and omental (OM) AT samples to evaluate macrophage infiltration. Included gravidas had paired AT samples and either negative glucola screening (controls) or gestational or pre-gestational Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Results: 13 subjects with SQ and OM AT samples were evaluated (10-controls, 3-diabetics (2-T2DM and 1-GDM)). Mean BMI and gestational weight gain of controls was 27.8 kg/m2 (range 19.5-42) and 27.6 pounds (range 15-36) and of diabetics was 30.6 kg/m2 (range 30-33) and 19 pounds (range -3-30), respectively. Macrophage infiltration was seen in OM AT from 2/ 3 diabetics and 0/ 10 controls (see figure).

Conclusions: These results indicate that AT expansion in non-diabetic pregnancies is not accompanied by macrophage infiltration. Thus, the IR of normal pregnancy is unlikely to be related to AT inflammation, and AT expansion per se does not lead to AT inflammation. However, as has been reported for T2DM in non-pregnant humans, the presence (T2DM) or development (GDM) of diabetes in pregnancy is associated with macrophage infiltration of AT. Despite the small sample size, the observed large differences in macrophage infiltration between controls and diabetics suggest that these findings will persist in a larger cohort.
Gamma-ray fluxes from the core emission of Centaurus A: A puzzle solved
Creators: name: Fraija, Nissim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A high-energy component in the radio galaxy Centaurus A was reported after analyzing four years of Fermi data. The spectrum of this component is described by means of a broken power law with a break energy of 4 GeV and, below and above spectral indices of $α_1$=2.74$\pm$0.03 and $α_2$=2.09$\pm$0.20, respectively. Also a faint $γ$-ray flux at TeV energies was detected by H.E.S.S.. In this paper we show that the spectrum at GeV-TeV energies is described through synchrotron self-Compton emission up to a few GeV ($\sim$ 4 GeV) and $π^0$ decay products up to TeV energies, although the emission of synchrotron radiation by muons could contribute to the spectrum at GeV energies, if they are rapidly accelerated. Muons and $π^0$s are generated in the interactions of accelerated protons with two populations of seed photons which were reported by Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory: one population at intermediate state emission with energy peak of 0.15 MeV and another at low state emission with energy peak of 0.59 MeV. In addition, we show that the reported observations of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays and non high-energy neutrino detection around Centaurus A can be explained through these interactions, assuming that proton spectrum is extended up to ultra-high-energies.
description: MNRAS, accepted
The relationship between purpose classification, purpose engagement, and purpose commitment
Creators: name: Nayman, Samuel Joseph
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2018

description: Empirical and theoretical research on adolescent purpose is limited. This study looked at several dimensions of purpose--classification, engagement, and commitment--that a sample of 124 7th and 8th grade students from an urban-based New Jersey middle school articulated in the form of written Purpose Essays. Students did not significantly differ on their Purpose Classification, Purpose Engagement, or Purpose Commitment, by grade, gender, or ethnicity. Additionally, their Purpose Commitment, as measured by the Modified Purpose Scale and Modified Short Grit Scale, did not differ by Purpose Classification (i.e., One Purpose, Parallel Purpose, Integrated Purpose, No Purpose). However, students who described themselves as engaging with their purpose scored higher on Purpose Commitment than students who did not indicate Purpose Engagement. Limitations and implications of this study, as well as suggestions for future research, are included in the discussion section.
Deadline-constrained Multi-resource Task Mapping and Allocation for Edge-Cloud Systems
Creators: name: Gao, Chuanchao
name: Shaan, Aryaman
name: Easwaran, Arvind
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In an edge-cloud system, mobile devices can offload their computation intensive tasks to an edge or cloud server to guarantee the quality of service or satisfy task deadline requirements. However, it is challenging to determine where tasks should be offloaded and processed, and how much network and computation resources should be allocated to them, such that a system with limited resources can obtain a maximum profit while meeting the deadlines. A key challenge in this problem is that the network and computation resources could be allocated on different servers, since the server to which a task is offloaded (e.g., a server with an access point) may be different from the server on which the task is eventually processed. To address this challenge, we first formulate the task mapping and resource allocation problem as a non-convex Mixed-Integer Nonlinear Programming (MINLP) problem, known as NP-hard. We then propose a zero-slack based greedy algorithm (ZSG) and a linear discretization method (LDM) to solve this MINLP problem. Experiment results with various synthetic tasksets show that ZSG has an average of $2.98\%$ worse performance than LDM with a minimum unit of 5 but has an average of $6.88\%$ better performance than LDM with a minimum unit of 15.
Direction of Arrival Estimation Using Co-prime Arrays: A Super Resolution Viewpoint
Creators: name: Tan, Zhao
name: Eldar, Yonina C.
name: Nehorai, Arye
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the problem of direction of arrival (DOA) estimation using a newly proposed structure of non-uniform linear arrays, referred to as co-prime arrays, in this paper. By exploiting the second order statistical information of the received signals, co-prime arrays exhibit O(MN) degrees of freedom with only M + N sensors. A sparsity based recovery method is proposed to fully utilize these degrees of freedom. Unlike traditional sparse recovery methods, the proposed method is based on the developing theory of super resolution, which considers a continuous range of possible sources instead of discretizing this range into a discrete grid. With this approach, off-grid effects inherited in traditional sparse recovery can be neglected, thus improving the accuracy of DOA estimation. In this paper we show that in the noiseless case one can theoretically detect up to M N sources with only 2M + N sensors. The noise 2 statistics of co-prime arrays are also analyzed to demonstrate the robustness of the proposed optimization scheme. A source number detection method is presented based on the spectrum reconstructed from the sparse method. By extensive numerical examples, we show the superiority of the proposed method in terms of DOA estimation accuracy, degrees of freedom, and resolution ability compared with previous methods, such as MUSIC with spatial smoothing and the discrete sparse recovery method.
description: Submitted on December 17th, 2013
title: Psychosocial Factors Predict Patient Ratings of Care Transition Quality: Results from Transitions, Risks, and Actions in Coronary Events – Center for Outcomes Research and Education (TRACE-CORE)
Creators: name: Anatchkova, Milena D.
name: Saczynski, Jane S.
name: Allison, Jeroan J.
name: Ash, Arlene S.
name: Kiefe, Catarina I.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2014

description: Background: Short hospital stays and fragmented care make the transition following hospitalization a high-risk period for ACS patients. Identified risks for rehospitalization and complications associated with transitions include demographic (e.g., older age), clinical (e.g., co-morbidities), and psychosocial (e.g., depression) factors. Thus, one might expect high-risk patients to receive better quality transitional care to minimize negative outcomes; alternatively, the quality of care may be yet another outcome influenced by the same risk factors. Little is known about the predictors of quality of care transitions from the patients’ perspective.

Methods: We studied 1,545 TRACE-CORE patients (mean age = 62, 34% female, 78% non-Hispanic white) admitted with an ACS who completed in-hospital interviews and the Care Transition Measure (CTM) at 1 month after discharge. High quality transitions were indicated by a CTM-15 score >74. Using logistic regression models we examined the association between in-hospital demographic, clinical, and psychosocial characteristics, generic and disease specific quality of life, health literacy and numeracy, and cognitive status with high quality transitions.

Results: Over one-third (36%) of participants (n=552) reported high quality transitions after an ACS. Most variables of interest were associated (p < .20) with care transition quality in bivariate analyses. After adjustment, in-hospital cognitive impairment (Odds Ratio (OR) 0.68; 95% CI 0.46, 0.98) and older age (OR 0.99; CI 0.98, 1.00) were negatively associated with reporting high care transition quality, while high levels of social support (OR 1.06; CI 1.03, 1.10) and patient activation (OR 1.46; CI 1.02, 2.09) increased the chance of reporting high care transition quality in a multivariable model.

Conclusions: Older patients, those with cognitive impairment, low social support, or lower patient activation may be at risk for lower-quality transitions following hospitalization for ACS, and may benefit from extra attention and support during the transition from hospital to home.
Field-induced Kitaev multipolar liquid in spin-orbit coupled $d^{2}$ honeycomb Mott insulators
Creators: name: Rayyan, Ahmed
name: Churchill, Derek
name: Kee, Hae-Young
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Kitaev model, characterized by bond-dependent Ising spin interactions among spin-orbit entangled dipole moments in Mott insulators, offered a new approach to quantum spin liquids. Motivated by another type of bond-dependent interaction among quadrupole moments in $5d^2$ Mott insulators, we provide a microscopic route to uncover the Kitaev multipolar liquid, featuring fractionalized excitations out of non-Kramers doublets carrying multipole moments. The key ingredient is the magnetic field that allows for bond-anisotropic quadrupole-octupole interactions via mixing with the excited triplet states. The conditions to realize signatures of this phase in real materials are also discussed.
description: main text: 5 pages, 4 figures; supplementary material: 14 pages, 16 figures; journal edition
Measurement and Modeling of Electron Cloud in a Field Free Environment Using Retarding Field Analyzers
Creators: name: Calvey, J. R.
name: Dugan, G.
name: Hartung, W.
name: Livezey, J. A.
name: Makita, J.
name: Palmer, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As part of the CESR-TA program at Cornell, diagnostic devices to measure and quantify the electron cloud effect have been installed throughout the CESR ring. One such device is the Retarding Field Analyzer (RFA), which provides information on the local electron cloud density and energy distribution. In a magnetic field free environment, RFA measurements can be directly compared with simulation to study the growth and dynamics of the cloud on a quantitative level. In particular, the photoemission and secondary emission characteristics of the instrumented chambers can be determined simultaneously.
title: Associations of Adipose Tissue Architecture, Adipokines and Inflammatory Markers with Body Mass Index and Gestational Weight Gain in Non-diabetic Pregnancies
Creators: name: Moore Simas, Tiffany A.
name: Boeras, Crina
name: Zhang, Ningning
name: Gaelikman, Olga
name: Leung, Katherine G.
name: Wedick, Nicole M.
name: Robidoux, Laura
name: Adams Puleo, Jodi
name: Lee, Mary M.
name: Corvera, Silvia
name: Rosal, Milagros C.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2014

description: Background: Some pregnancy weight gain is stored as adipose tissue (AT). Human AT depots vary in their capacity for expansion. Data suggests that subcutaneous (SQ) is adapted for healthy lipid storage. Conversely visceral (V) accumulation is associated with inflammation, obesity-related co-morbidities and Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) risk. We investigated SQ and VAT histologic architecture along with insulin, adipokines and inflammatory markers in relationship to prepregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain (GWG).

Methods: Subset of non-diabetic singleton gravidas from the Pregnancy & Postpartum Observational Dietary Study (PPODS), undergoing Cesareans and consenting to SQ & VAT biopsies were included. Average adipocyte size assessed in10 sections/depot/subject. Maternal and cord blood insulin, adiponectin, leptin, PAI-1, CRP, TNFα, IL1b, IL6 and IL8 evaluated using Luminex MAGPIX, laser based fluorescent analytical test instrumentation with MILLIPLEX® multi-analyte panels. GWG determined by difference in pre-pregnancy and last prenatal visit weight.

Results: Of 110 subjects enrolled, 19 (17.3%) delivered by Cesarean with 14 consenting to AT sampling, and 7 (50%) having both SQ and VAT available for analysis. These 7 had mean pre-pregnancy BMI 27.8±5.6 kg/m2 and GWG 50.0±25.7 lb (range 19-83) with delivery age 39.2±0.7 wks. Mean SQ and VAT adipocyte sizes were 2892±716 pixels2 (range 1866-3775) and 2427±641 pixels2 (range 1416-3397) respectively (p=0.310); neither were statistically correlated with BMI or GWG. Pre-pregnancy BMI statistically correlated with maternal serum insulin (0.786, p=0.036) at delivery and cord blood leptin (0.886, p=0.019); GWG statistically correlated only with cord blood adiponectin (-0.900, p=0.037).

Conclusions: In a small sample of normoglycemic pregnancies undergoing Cesareans and AT sampling, adipocyte size was no different in SQ versus visceral depots, and did not correlate with BMI or GWG. Surprisingly, pre-pregnancy BMI but not GWG correlated with maternal serum insulin at delivery, suggesting that pre-pregnancy weight status may be associated with glycemic control at pregnancy end.
Exploring security support for cloud-based applications
Creators: name: Nguyen, Hai
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2018

description: Users are increasingly adopting cloud services for various purposes such as storing and processing data or using cloud-based software. However, this computing model poses cloud-speciﬁc security challenges to these cloud-based applications.This dissertation describes novel solutions to three security problems of cloud-based applications. First, the introduction of hardware-based implementations of isolated execution such as Intel SGX makes it challenging to enforce security compliance of cloud applications. It is desirable to have a mechanism that allows cloud providers to inspect the code and data of cloud applications while still preserves the integrity and conﬁdentiality oﬀered by Intel SGX. Second, cloud services have increasingly become the target of ransomware attacks. However, current ransomware detection techniques are prone to false positives and some of them are unable to distinguish ransomware from benign programs that exhibit ransomware-like behaviors. Third, in today’s cloud platforms, clients do not have much power and ﬂexibility to deploy security services. Clients often rely heavily on cloud providers for deployment of security measures such as intrusion detection systems (IDSs) or have to manually install and conﬁgure software stack with security tools.This dissertation makes the following contributions. First, it implements EnGarde, an enclave inspection library that preserves the security and privacy beneﬁts oﬀered by Intel SGX and allows the cloud provider to verify the clients SGX-based enclave against predeﬁned policies mutually agreed by the cloud provider and the client. Second, it builds HRD, a system that can detect ransomware in cloud-based environments with low false positives. HRD uses Hardware Performance Counters (HPCs) and machine learning to build classiﬁers that eﬀectively detect ransomware with high accuracy. Third, it demonstrates the utility of a new cloud computing model where the client can make use of cloud apps, implemented as virtual machines (VMs), to implement security measures.
Electromagnetic rho-meson form factors in point-form relativistic quantum mechanics
Creators: name: Biernat, Elmar P.
name: Schweiger, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relativistic point-form formalism that we proposed for the study of the electroweak structure of few-body bound states is applied to calculate the elastic form factors of spin-1 mesons, such as the rho meson, within constituent-quark models. We treat electron-meson scattering as a Poincare-invariant coupled-channel problem for a Bakamjian-Thomas mass operator and extract the meson current from the resulting invariant 1-photon-exchange amplitude. Wrong cluster properties inherent in the Bakamjian-Thomas framework are seen to cause spurious contributions in the current. These contributions, however, can be separated unambiguously from the physical ones and we end up with a meson current with all required properties. Numerical results for the rho-meson form factors are presented assuming a simple harmonic-oscillator bound-state wave function. The comparison with other approaches reveals a remarkable agreement of our results with those obtained within the covariant light-front scheme proposed by Carbonell et al. [Phys. Rep. 300, 215 (1998)].
description: 18 pages, 4 figures, a few typos corrected; version published in Phys. Rev. C
(Sub)millimeter Dust Polarization of Protoplanetary Disks from Scattering by Large Millimeter-Sized Irregular Grains
Creators: name: Lin, Zhe-Yu Daniel
name: Li, Zhi-Yun
name: Yang, Haifeng
name: Muñoz, Olga
name: Looney, Leslie
name: Stephens, Ian
name: Hull, Charles L. H.
name: Fernández-López, Manuel
name: Harrison, Rachel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The size of dust grains, $a$, is key to the physical and chemical processes in circumstellar disks, but observational constraints of grain size remain challenging. (Sub)millimeter continuum observations often show a percent-level polarization parallel to the disk minor axis, which is generally attributed to scattering by $\sim 100μ$m-sized spherical grains (with a size parameter $x \equiv 2πa / λ< 1$, where $λ$ is the wavelength). Larger spherical grains (with $x$ greater than unity) would produce opposite polarization direction. However, the inferred size is in tension with the opacity index $β$ that points to larger mm/cm-sized grains. We investigate the scattering-produced polarization by large irregular grains with a range of $x$ greater than unity with optical properties obtained from laboratory experiments. Using the radiation transfer code, RADMC-3D, we find that large irregular grains still produce polarization parallel to the disk minor axis. If the original forsterite refractive index in the optical is adopted, then all samples can produce the typically observed level of polarization. Accounting for the more commonly adopted refractive index using the DSHARP dust model, only grains with $x$ of several (corresponding to $\sim$mm-sized grains) can reach the same polarization level. Our results suggest that grains in disks can have sizes in the millimeter regime, which may alleviate the tension between the grain sizes inferred from scattering and other means. Additionally, if large irregular grains are not settled to the midplane, their strong forward scattering can produce asymmetries between the near and far side of an inclined disk, which can be used to infer their presence.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, published by MNRAS
On Attack-Resilient Service Placement and Availability in Edge-enabled IoV Networks
Creators: name: Talpur, Anum
name: Gurusamy, Mohan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Achieving network resilience in terms of attack tolerance and service availability is critically important for Internet of Vehicles (IoV) networks where vehicles require assistance in sensitive and safety-critical applications like driving. It is particularly challenging in time-varying conditions of IoV traffic. In this paper, we study an attack-resilient optimal service placement problem to ensure disruption-free service availability to the users in edge-enabled IoV network. Our work aims to improve the user experience while minimizing the delay and simultaneously considering efficient utilization of limited edge resources. First, an optimal service placement is performed while considering traffic dynamicity and meeting the service requirements with the use of a deep reinforcement learning (DRL) framework. Next, an optimal secondary mapping and service recovery placements are performed to account for the attacks/failures at the edge. The use of DRL framework helps to adapt to dynamically varying IoV traffic and service demands. In this work, we develop three ILP models and use them in the DRL-based framework to provide attack-resilient service placement and ensure service availability with efficient network performance. Extensive numerical experiments are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
description: Submitted to IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems
title: The Effects of Rhodiola Crenulata Extract on Proliferation and Differentiation in Glioblastoma Multiforme
Creators: name: Mora, Maria Carmen
name: Wong, Kaitlyn
name: Tirabassi, Michael
name: Arenas, Richard
name: Schneider, Sallie S.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2014

description: Purpose: Purpose of the study was to evaluate the effects of rhodiola crenulata plant extract on glioblastoma in vitro. Methods: U-87MG glioblastoma multiforme cell line was utilized for evaluation in this study. Cells were treated with 100ug/ml or 200ug/ml of rhodiola crenulata and compared to ethanol vehicle control. Proliferation was measured at 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours after treatment utilizing an MTS proliferation assay. To further assess proliferation a clonogenicity assay was conducted. These cells were treated with ethanol vehicle control, 100ug/ml of rhodiola, radiation, or combined rhodiola/radiation treatment. To evaluate differentiation the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), a protein marker of differentiation, was assessed with immunocytochemistry.

Results: Effects on proliferation were initially noted at 48hours after treatment and observed through the 96-hour period. The effects on proliferation were noted in both treatment groups. At 96-hours after treatment significant difference was noted between the 100ug/ml of rhodiola and control group (p=0.0065) and significant difference noted between the 200ug/ml of rhodiola and control group (p=0.0006). Cell clonogenicity was reduced in the cells treated with 100ug/ml of rhodiola. The decreased number of colonies was significant when comparing the radiation treated cells with 100ug/ml rhodiola treated cells (p=0.0030). GFAP was overexpressed in the rhodiola treatment group when compared to expression in the control group (Figure 1).

Conclusion: Rhodiola crenulata extract effectively decreases proliferation and increases differentiation of glioblastoma cells in vitro. Further work is required to fully understand the extent and full effects rhodiola crenulata has glioblastoma cells.
Exact Green's function for rectangular potentials and its application to quasi-bound states
Creators: name: Andrade, Fabiano M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we calculate the exact Green's function for arbitrary rectangular potentials. Specifically we focus on Green's function for rectangular quantum wells enlarging the knowledge of exact solutions for Green's functions and also generalizing and resuming results in the literature. The exact formula has the form of a sum over paths and always can be cast into a closed analytic expression. From the poles and residues of the Green's function the bound states eigenenergies and eigenfunctions with the correct normalization constant are obtained. In order to show the versatility of the method, an application of the Green's function approach to extract information of quasi-bound states in rectangular barriers, where the standard analysis of quantum amplitudes fail, is presented.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, few typos corrected, matches published version
A variational derivation of the field equations of an action-dependent Einstein-Hilbert Lagrangian
Creators: name: Gaset, Jordi
name: Mas, Arnau
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37K58, 70S05, 53D10, 35R01, 83D05

description: We derive the equations of motion of an action-dependent version of the Einstein-Hilbert Lagrangian, as a specific instance of the Herglotz variational problem. Action-dependent Lagrangians lead to dissipative dynamics, which cannot be obtained with the standard method of Lagrangian field theory. First-order theories of this kind are relatively well understood, but examples of singular or higher-order action-dependent field theories are scarce. This work constitutes an example of such a theory. By casting the problem in clear geometric terms we are able to obtain a Lorentz invariant set of equations, which contrasts with previous attempts.
description: 22 pp; v1: initial submission; v2: minor changes; v3: submitted to Journal of Geometric Mechanics, updated to reflect changes after peer review
The evolution of a spatially homogeneous and isotropic universe filled with a collisionless gas
Creators: name: Astorga, Francisco
name: Sarbach, Olivier
name: Zannias, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the evolution of a spatially homogeneous and isotropic universe described by a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker spacetime filled with a collisionless, neutral, simple, massive gas. The gas is described by a one-particle distribution function which satisfies the Liouville equation and is assumed to be homogeneous and isotropic. Making use of the isometries of the spacetime, we define precisely the homogeneity and isotropicity property of the distribution function, and based on this definition we give a concise derivation of the most general family of such distribution functions. For this family, we construct the particle current density and the stress-energy tensor and consider the coupled Einstein-Liouville system of equations. We find that as long as the distribution function is collisionless, homogenous and isotropic, the evolution of a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe exhibits a singular origin. Its future development depends upon the curvature of the spatial sections: spatially flat or hyperboloid universes expand forever and this expansion dilutes the energy density and pressure of the gas, while a universe with compact spherical sections reaches a maximal expansion, after which it reverses its motion and recollapses to a final crunch singularity where the energy density and isotropic pressure diverge. Finally, we analyze the evolution of the universe filled with the collisionless gas once a cosmological constant is included.
description: Typos corrected, references added, 13 pages, 1 figure, prepared for the proceedings of the X Workshop on Gravitation and Mathematical Physics, Pachuca, Mexico, December 2013
Dynamics of Linear Perturbations in the hybrid metric-Palatini gravity
Creators: name: Lima, Nelson A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we focus on the evolution of the linear perturbations in the novel hybrid metric-Palatini theory achieved by adding a $f(\mathcal{R})$ function to the gravitational action. Working in the Jordan frame, we derive the full set of linearized evolution equations for the perturbed potentials and present them in the Newtonian and synchronous gauges. We also derive the Poisson equation, and perform the evolution of the lensing potential, $Φ_{+}$, for a model with a background evolution indistinguishable from $Λ$CDM. In order to do so, we introduce a designer approach that allows to retrieve a family of functions $f(\mathcal{R})$ for which the effective equation of state is exactly $w_{\textrm{eff}} = -1$. We conclude, for this particular model, that the main deviations from standard General Relativity and the Cosmological Constant model arise in the distant past, with an oscillatory signature in the ratio between the Newtonian potentials, $Φ$ and $Ψ$.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures. Version 3 with minor changes to match version accepted by PRD
title: Testosterone Treatment Does Not Facilitate Prefrontal Cortex Mediated Cognition in Male Marmosets (callithrix jacchus)
Creators: name: LaClair, Matthew
name: Chang, Jeemin
name: Lacreuse, Agnes
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2014

description: Aging in men is associated with decreases in serum testosterone (T) and a decline in cognitive abilities. We sought to clarify the relationship between T, aging and cognition using the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus), which has been shown to be a useful model of human aging. Ten castrated male marmosets (ages 3-8) were given weekly injections of either T cypionate dissolved in cottonseed oil (T, n = 5) or cottonseed oil alone (controls, n = 5). Cognitive function was assessed with two tasks, the object reversals (OR) and the delayed response (DR). Marmoset behavior was recorded twice daily using a modified frequency scoring system, measuring 20 target behaviors in 15-s intervals over 5-min. For the OR task, no effect of group (F (1,8) = .51, p = .50), reversal (F (3,24) = .527, p = .67), or group x reversal interactions (F (3,24) = .640, p = .60) was found in the number of correct trials. There was a significant effect of outcome on response latency, with all monkeys having longer latencies on incorrect trials (F (1,2451) = 45.36, p <.001). Although there was a main effect of delay (F (4,32) = 8.779, p < .001) on the DR task, there was no effect of treatment (F (1,8) = .65, p = .81) or an interaction treatment x delay (F (4,32) = .445, p = .76). No significant difference between the groups was found on any of the behaviors measured, however, the T-treated marmosets tended to spend more time eating than the controls (t (8) = 2.239, p = .056). Overall, the lack of effect for T treatment on these cognitive tasks is consistent with previous studies in macaques and men and suggest that T does not facilitate prefrontal cortex-mediated cognition in male marmosets.
title: Dantrolene for the Prevention and Treatment of Cerebral Vasospasm after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage – a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial to assess Safety, Tolerability and Feasibility
Creators: name: Muehlschlegel, Susanne
name: Carandang, Raphael A.
name: Hall, Wiley R.
name: Kini, Nisha
name: Izzy, Saef
name: VanDerBom, I. Martijn
name: Flood, Thomas F.
name: Gounis, Matthew J.
name: Weaver, John P.
name: Barton, Bruce A.
Publisher: name: eScholarship@UMMS
Year: 2014

description: Introduction: Dantrolene is neuroprotective in animal models and may attenuate cerebral vasospasm (cVSP) after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) in humans. We evaluated safety/tolerability and feasibility of intravenous dantrolene (IV-D) after aSAH.

Methods: In this single-center, randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial, 31 patients with acute aSAH were randomized to IV-D 1.25 mg IV every 6 hours x 7 days (n=16) or placebo (n=15). Primary endpoint was incidence of hyponatremia (sNa ≤ 134 mmol/L) and liver toxicity (% patients with ALT, AST and AlkPhos >5x upper limit of normal). Secondary safety endpoints included tolerability, systemic hypotension and intracranial hypertension. Efficacy was explored by clinical, transcranial Doppler (TCD) or angiographic cVSP occurrence, delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) and 3-month modified-Rankin-Scale, Glasgow Outcome Scale and Barthel Index. Statistical analysis was performed using non-parametric tests, generalized estimating equations and mixed models.

Results: Between IV-D vs. placebo, no differences were observed in the primary outcome (hyponatremia: 44% vs. 67% [p=0.29]; liver toxicity 6% vs. 0% [p=1.0]). Numerically more AEs and SAEs were seen in the IV-D group, but did not reach statistical significance (16 vs. 5 AEs, of which 5 vs. 2 were severe; RR 2.2; 95% CI 0.7-6.7; p=0.16). Three IV-D vs. two placebo patients reached stop criteria: one IV-D patient developed liver toxicity; two patients in each group developed brain edema requiring osmotherapy. No differences in angiographic, TCD, clinical cVSP, DCI, or 3-month functional outcomes were seen. Quantitative angiogram analysis revealed a trend towards increased vessel diameters in the IV-D group after the 7-day infusion-period (p=0.05).

Conclusions: In this small trial, IV-Dantrolene after aSAH was feasible, tolerable and safe, but was underpowered to show efficacy or outcome differences.
Global asymptotic dynamics of the cubic galileon interacting with dark matter
Creators: name: De Arcia, Roberto
name: Quiros, Israel
name: Nucamendi, Ulises
name: Gonzalez, Tame
name: Horta-Rangel, Francisco Antonio
name: Eenens, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we perform a thorough dynamical systems analysis of the cubic galileon model non-minimally coupled to the dark matter. Three well-known classes of interacting models are considered where the energy exchange between the dark components is a function of the dark matter density and of the dark energy density: $Q_1=3αHρ_m$, $Q_2=3βρ_m\dotϕ$ and $Q_3=3 εH ρ_ϕ$, respectively. We are able to show the global asymptotic dynamics of the model for the exponential potential in a homogeneous and isotropic background. The cosmological implications of the proposed scenarios are explored and it is found that, in addition to the appearance of new equilibrium configurations that do not appear neither in the non-interacting cubic galileon model nor in the interacting quintessence model, there is a significant impact of the non-minimal coupling through modification of the stability properties of the critical points. The resulting cosmological scenario provides a bigbang origin of the cosmic expansion, an early transient stage of inflationary expansion, as well as matter-scaling late time stable state of the universe, among other solutions of lesser cosmological interest. This work extends previous studies of coupled dark energy to a broader class of gravitational theories.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures. Version that matches the one published