cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Role of Magnetic Interaction in Dense Plasma
Creators: name: Sarkar, S.
name: Pal, K.
name: Dutt-Mazumder, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasiparticle excitations and associated phenomena of energy and momentum transfer rates have been calculated in terms of the drag and the diffusion coefficients exposing clearly the dominance of the magnetic interaction over its electric counterpart. The results have been compared with the finite temperature results highlighting the similarities and dissimilarities in the two extreme regimes of temperature and density. Non-Fermi-liquid behavior of various physical quantities like neutrino mean free path and thermal relaxation time due to the inclusion of magnetic interaction has clearly been revealed. All the results presented in the current review are pertinent to the degenerate and ultradegenerate plasma.
Additional file 1 of Cryptosporidium animal species in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Haghi, Mousa Motavalli
name: Khorshidvand, Zohreh
name: Khazaei, Salman
name: Faezeh Foroughi-Parvar
name: Sarmadian, Hossein
name: Barati, Nastaran
name: Fariborz Etemadifar
name: Ghasemikhah, Reza
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. PRISMA Checklist.
Functional calculus in finite type I von Neumann algebras
Creators: name: Niemiec, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 47A60, Secondary 47C15

description: A certain class of matrix-valued Borel matrix functions is introduced and it is shown that all functions of that class naturally operate on any operator T in a finite type I von Neumann algebra M in a way such that uniformly bounded sequences f_1,f_2,... of functions that converge pointwise to 0 transform into sequences f_1[T],f_2[T],... of operators in M that converge to 0 in the *-strong operator topology. It is also demonstrated that the double *-commutant of any such operator T which acts on a separable Hilbert space coincides with the set of all operators of the form f[T] where f runs over all function from the aforementioned class. Some conclusions concerning so-called operator-spectra of such operators are drawn and a new variation of the spectral theorem for them is formulated.
description: 29 pages
Homeostatic dysregulation proceeds in parallel in multiple physiological systems
Creators: name: Li, Qing
name: Wang, Shengrui
name: Milot, Emmanuel
name: Bergeron, Patrick
name: Ferrucci, Luigi
name: Fried, Linda P.
name: Cohen, Alan A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biochemical markers
Human physiology
Aging

description: An increasing number of aging researchers believes that multi-system physiological dysregulation may be a key biological mechanism of aging, but evidence of this has been sparse. Here, we used biomarker data on nearly 33,000 individuals from four large datasets to test for the presence of multi-system dysregulation. We grouped 37 biomarkers into six a priori groupings representing physiological systems (lipids, immune, oxygen transport, liver function, vitamins, and electrolytes), then calculated dysregulation scores for each system in each individual using statistical distance. Correlations among dysregulation levels across systems were generally weak but significant. Comparison of these results to dysregulation in arbitrary ‘systems’ generated by random grouping of biomarkers showed that a priori knowledge effectively distinguished the true systems in which dysregulation proceeds most independently. In other words, correlations among dysregulation levels were higher using arbitrary systems, indicating that only a priori systems identified distinct dysregulation processes. Additionally, dysregulation of most systems increased with age and significantly predicted multiple health outcomes including mortality, frailty, diabetes, heart disease, and number of chronic diseases. The six systems differed in how well their dysregulation scores predicted health outcomes and age. These findings present the first unequivocal demonstration of integrated multi-system physiological dysregulation during aging, demonstrating that physiological dysregulation proceeds neither as a single global process nor as a completely independent process in different systems, but rather as a set of system-specific processes likely linked through weak feedback effects. These processes – probably many more than the six measured here – are implicated in aging.
Coupling Extraction From Off-Shell Cross-sections
Creators: name: Coleppa, Baradhwaj
name: Mandal, Tanumoy
name: Mitra, Subhadip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this note, we present a novel method of extracting the couplings of a new heavy particle to the Standard Model states. Contrary to the usual discovery process which involves studying the on-shell production, we look at regions away from resonance to take advantage of the simple scaling of the cross-section with the couplings. We apply the procedure to the case of a heavy quark as an illustration.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, Journal accepted version
Claw-freeness, 3-homogeneous subsets of a graph and a reconstruction problem
Creators: name: Pouzet, Maurice
name: Kaddour, Hamza Si
name: Trotignon, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C60

description: We describe ${\rm Forb}\{K_{1,3}, \bar {K_{1,3}}\}$, the class of graphs $G$ such that $G$ and its complement $\bar{G}$ are claw-free. With few exceptions, it is made of graphs whose connected components consist of cycles of length at least 4, paths, and of the complements of these graphs. Considering the hypergraph ${\mathcal H}^{(3)}(G)$ made of the 3-element subsets of the vertex set of a graph $G$ on which $G$ induces a clique or an independent subset, we deduce from above a description of the Boolean sum $G\dot{+}G'$ of two graphs $G$ and $G'$ giving the same hypergraph. We indicate the role of this latter description in a reconstruction problem of graphs up to complementation.
description: This paper has no DOI, published version available at: http://cdm.ucalgary.ca/cdm/index.php/cdm/article/view/189
Tundra shrub expansion in a warming climate and the influence of data type on models of habitat suitability
Creators: name: Seider, Jordan H.
name: Lantz, Trevor C.
name: Bone, Christopher
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Warming across the low Arctic is increasing tundra vegetation productivity and facilitating the expansion of upright shrubs. We modeled the effects of warming on habitat suitability in green alder, dwarf birch, Labrador tea, bog bilberry, and lingonberry and assessed the influence of data type (true absence or pseudo-absence) on species distribution models (SDMs). We generated SDMs using the two absence data types under current (1970–2000) and future (2061–2080) climate projections. Our results show that warming leads to range expansion of all shrubs, though responses vary in magnitude and extent, with mean increases in suitability ranging from 0.080 (Labrador tea) to 0.369 (lingonberry) with true absences. Differences in driving variables and suitability projections suggest that physiological and ecological variability between species mediate responses to warming. Between data types, we observed inconsistencies in model performance, suitability projections, and variable importance. Bog bilberry and lingonberry exhibited larger differences in suitability (0.201 and 0.288, respectively), whereas alder showed similar responses (difference of 0.01). These results are important to consider when assessing changes in habitat suitability or identifying environmental or climatic determinants of species’ distributions. We suggest further development of open data repositories, facilitating access to true absence data to support conservation and land use planning.
Additional file 2 of The impact of COVID-19 on chronic care according to providers: a qualitative study among primary care practices in Belgium
Creators: name: Danhieux, Katrien
name: Buffel, Veerle
name: Pairon, Anthony
name: Benkheil, Asma
name: Remmen, Roy
name: Wouters, Edwin
name: Olmen, Josefien Van
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: The impact of COVID-19 on chronic care_appendix2. COREQ checklist.
Contribution of Underlying Connective Tissue Cells to Taste Buds in Mouse Tongue and Soft Palate
Creators: name: Boggs, Kristin
name: Venkatesan, Nandakumar
name: Mederacke, Ingmar
name: Komatsu, Yoshihiro
name: Stice, Steve
name: Schwabe, Robert F.
name: Mistretta, Charlotte M.
name: Mishina, Yuji
name: Liu, Hong-Xiang
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Neural crest
Connective tissues
Taste buds
Biology
Cytology

description: Taste buds, the sensory organs for taste, have been described as arising solely from the surrounding epithelium, which is in distinction from other sensory receptors that are known to originate from neural precursors, i.e., neural ectoderm that includes neural crest (NC). Our previous study suggested a potential contribution of NC derived cells to early immature fungiform taste buds in late embryonic (E18.5) and young postnatal (P1-10) mice. In the present study we demonstrated the contribution of the underlying connective tissue (CT) to mature taste buds in mouse tongue and soft palate. Three independent mouse models were used for fate mapping of NC and NC derived connective tissue cells: (1) P0-Cre/R26-tdTomato (RFP) to label NC, NC derived Schwann cells and derivatives; (2) Dermo1-Cre/RFP to label mesenchymal cells and derivatives; and (3) Vimentin-CreER/mGFP to label Vimentin-expressing CT cells and derivatives upon tamoxifen treatment. Both P0-Cre/RFP and Dermo1-Cre/RFP labeled cells were abundant in mature taste buds in lingual taste papillae and soft palate, but not in the surrounding epithelial cells. Concurrently, labeled cells were extensively distributed in the underlying CT. RFP signals were seen in the majority of taste buds and all three types (I, II, III) of differentiated taste bud cells, with the neuronal-like type III cells labeled at a greater proportion. Further, Vimentin-CreER labeled cells were found in the taste buds of 3-month-old mice whereas Vimentin immunoreactivity was only seen in the CT. Taken together, our data demonstrate a previously unrecognized origin of taste bud cells from the underlying CT, a conceptually new finding in our knowledge of taste bud cell derivation, i.e., from both the surrounding epithelium and the underlying CT that is primarily derived from NC.
Three-Dimensional Self-Assembly of Brush Block Copolymers to Photonic Crystals
Creators: name: Morris, Melody Ann
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: brush polymers
subject: photonic crystals
subject: three-dimensional
subject: brush block copolymers
subject: block copolymers
subject: melody morris
subject: polymers
subject: Chemical Engineering
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: The development of Ring Opening Metathesis Polymerization has allowed the world of block copolymers to expand into brush block copolymers. Brush block copolymers consist of a polymer backbone with polymeric side chains, forcing the backbone to hold a stretched conformation and giving it a worm-like shape. These brush block copolymers have a number of advantages over tradition block copolymers, including faster self-assembly behavior, larger domain sizes, and much less entanglement. This makes them an ideal candidate in the development of a bottom-up approach to forming photonic crystals. Photonic crystals are periodic nanostructures that transmit and reflect only certain wavelengths of light, forming a band gap. These are used in a number of coatings and other optical uses. One and two dimensional photonic crystals are commercially available, though are often expensive and difficult to manufacture. Previous work has focused on the creation of one dimensional photonic crystals from brush block copolymers. In this thesis, I will focus on the synthesis and characterization of asymmetric brush block copolymers for self-assembly into two and three dimensional photonic crystals. Three series of brush block copolymers were made and characterized by Gel Permeation Chromatography and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy. They were then made into films through compressive thermal annealing and characterized by UV-Vis Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy. Evidence of non-lamellar structures were seen, indicating the first reported creation of two or three dimensional photonic crystals from brush block copolymers.
Strangeness Vector and Axial-Vector Form Factors of the Nucleon
Creators: name: Pate, Stephen
name: Trujillo, Dennis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A revised global fit of electroweak $ep$ and $νp$ elastic scattering data has been performed, with the goal of determining the strange quark contribution to the vector and axial-vector form factors of the nucleon in the momentum-transfer range $0
description: International Nuclear Physics Conference 2013, Firenze
Additional file 1 of The impact of COVID-19 on chronic care according to providers: a qualitative study among primary care practices in Belgium
Creators: name: Danhieux, Katrien
name: Buffel, Veerle
name: Pairon, Anthony
name: Benkheil, Asma
name: Remmen, Roy
name: Wouters, Edwin
name: Olmen, Josefien Van
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: The impact of COVID-19 on chronic care_appendix1. Questionnaire used in the interviews.
Additional file 3 of The impact of COVID-19 on chronic care according to providers: a qualitative study among primary care practices in Belgium
Creators: name: Danhieux, Katrien
name: Buffel, Veerle
name: Pairon, Anthony
name: Benkheil, Asma
name: Remmen, Roy
name: Wouters, Edwin
name: Olmen, Josefien Van
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: The impact of COVID-19 on chronic care_appendix1. Overview of participants.
Mechanistic Modeling of Dose and Dose Rate Dependences of Radiation-Induced DNA Double Strand Break Rejoining Kinetics in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Creators: name: Shuryak, Igor
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Radiation dosimetry
DNA--Effect of radiation on
Molecular biology
Diagnostic imaging

description: Mechanistic modeling of DNA double strand break (DSB) rejoining is important for quantifying and medically exploiting radiation-induced cytotoxicity (e.g. in cancer radiotherapy). Most radiation-induced DSBs are quickly-rejoinable and are rejoined within the first 1–2 hours after irradiation. Others are slowly-rejoinable (persist for several hours), and yet others are essentially unrejoinable (persist for >24 hours). The dependences of DSB rejoining kinetics on radiation dose and dose rate remain incompletely understood. We hypothesize that the fraction of slowly-rejoinable and/or unrejoinable DSBs increases with increasing dose/dose rate. This radiation-dependent (RD) model was implemented using differential equations for three DSB classes: quickly-rejoinable, slowly-rejoinable and unrejoinable. Radiation converts quickly-rejoinable to slowly-rejoinable, and slowly-rejoinable to unrejoinable DSBs. We used large published data sets on DSB rejoining in yeast exposed to sparsely-ionizing (electrons and γ-rays, single or split-doses, high or low dose rates) and densely-ionizing (α-particles) radiation to compare the performances of the proposed RD formalism and the established two-lesion kinetic (TLK) model. These yeast DSB rejoining data were measured within the radiation dose range relevant for clonogenic cell survival, whereas in mammalian cells DSB rejoining is usually measured only at supra-lethal doses for technical reasons. The RD model described both sparsely-ionizing and densely-ionizing radiation data much better than the TLK model: by 217 and 14 sample-size-adjusted Akaike information criterion units, respectively. This occurred because: the RD (but not the TLK) model reproduced the observed upwardly-curving dose responses for slowly-rejoinable/unrejoinable DSBs at long times after irradiation; the RD model adequately described DSB yields at both high and low dose rates using one parameter set, whereas the TLK model overestimated low dose rate data. These results support the hypothesis that DSB rejoining is progressively impeded at increasing radiation doses/dose rates.
Global Report: Civil Society Organization (CSO) Survey for the Global Study on Women, Peace and Security CSO Perspectives on UNSCR 1325 Implementation 15 Years after Adoption
Creators: name: Goldberg, Danielle
name: Fal, Agnieszka
name: Kamler, Erin
name: Khan, Saadia
name: Stanger, Rebecca
name: Chowdhury, Eleonore Veillet
name: Yzique, Kelly
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Security, International
Peace
Non-governmental organizations--Evaluation
Women and peace
International relations
Women's studies

description: The Global Network of Women Peacebuilders (GNWP), in partnership with Cordaid, International Civil Society Action Network (ICAN), and the NGO Working Group on Women, Peace and Security (NGOWG) distributed a CSO survey on Women, Peace and Security (WPS) in 2015 to collect the views, concerns and recommendations of civil society organizations (CSOs) on the effectiveness of United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325 15 years after adoption. The CSO Survey informs the Global Study on Women, Peace and Security, called by United Nations Security Council Resolution 2122 to “highlight examples of good practice, implementation gaps and challenges, and priorities for action.” The CSO survey report is based on 317 CSO surveys collected from organizations based in 71 different countries, providing a wealth of quantitative and qualitative data reflecting the views of CSO working on the ground to implement the women, peace and security agenda. The CSO survey data is enhanced through information provided by 17 focus group discussions (FGDs) and one international 1325 expert conference, held in 16 countries with over 200 participants. Local organizers of the FGDs convened CSO representatives to complete the survey for their respective organizations and to discuss similarities, differences and common themes related to their answers in the survey. A separate report on the FDGs was submitted as a contribution to the Global Study, which is referenced throughout the CSO survey report. In addition to inputs in the Global Study, the FGDs provided a useful space for women’s CSOs to engage in dialogue and exchange experiences related to UNSCR 1325 implementation. This report summarizes the findings from the CSO survey in nine core sections: Key Recommendations; CSO Perceptions of UNSCR 1325 Effectiveness and Impact; Factors for Effective Implementation; UNSCR 1325 Effectiveness by Area of Work; Funding and Funding Mechanisms; Collaboration and Cooperation; Emerging Issues, Post- 2015; Global Priorities Moving Forward; CSO Respondent Demographics.
Additional file 1 of Models of care for frail older persons who present to the emergency department: a scoping review protocol
Creators: name: Huang, Ya-Ling
name: McGonagle, Megan
name: Shaw, Rebecca
name: Eastham, Julie
name: Nemat Alsaba
name: Crilly, Julia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1. PRISMA-P 2015 Checklist.
Information requirements to enable the repair or upgrade of products: EU policy tools and other voluntary labels for computers
Creators: name: Alfieri, Felice
name: Cordella, Mauro
name: Sanfelix, Javier
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik
subject: 600 Technik, Technologie
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften
subject: computers
subject: information
subject: label
subject: policy
subject: repair
subject: upgrade

description: Extending the lifetime of products can mitigate, from a life cycle perspective, their environmental and social impacts. One of the options to extend their lifetime is repairing and/or upgrading the product, when possible. A key measure in support of this objective is the availability of relevant information to users and professionals to enable repair/upgrade of products. Requirements on the provision of repair information have been introduced by different policy tools and labels for a variety of products and services on the market. In the case of computers, minimum requirements have to be fulfilled to enter in the EU market according to the Commission Regulation (EU) No 617/2013, while more ambitious requirements are associated to voluntary tools such as the EU Ecolabel and the EU Green Public Procurement (GPP) for Computers, as well as to other labels such as Blue Angel (the German Ecolabel), TCO Certified and EPEAT. Provision of repair information is also included in the Scoring System on Reparability developed by the Joint Research Centre. The aim of this work is to review these initiatives to present a classification and comparison of existing information requirements for computers in terms of: i) repair aspects covered, ii) availability of the information to various target groups, and iii) communication vehicles. The analysis focuses on sub-categories of computers that are relevant in terms of market share such as laptops, desktop computers, all-in-one computers and tablets. The results of the analysis can offer a useful basis for the improvement and harmonization of information requirements on computers, potentially facilitating their implementation by manufacturers and allowing more sustainable purchase decisions of consumers and public administrations.
Ailurus F. Cuvier 1825
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Carnivora
Procyonidae
Ailurus

description: Ailurus F. Cuvier, 1825. Hist. Nat. Mamm., 5(50):3. COMMENT: Immunological evidence suggests that Ailurus is more closely related to ursids than to procyonids; see Todd and Pressmann, 1968, Carniv. Genet. Newsl., 5: 105-108, and Sarich, 1976, Trans. Zool. Soc. Lond., 33: 165- 171. Corbet and Hill, 1980:95, placed this monotypic genus in Ailuropodidae, but see comment under fulgens, and under Ursidae. ISIS NUMBER: 5301412003001000000.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Carnivora, pp. 244-289 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 252, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352980
description: {"references": ["Sarich, V. M. 1976. Transferrin. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London, 33: 165 - 171.", "Corbet, G. B., and J. E. Hill. 1980. A world list of mammalian species. British Museum (Natural History), London, 226 pp."]}
Meta-Analysis of a Complex Network of Non-Pharmacological Interventions: The Example of Femoral Neck Fracture
Creators: name: Mosseri, Jonathan
name: Trinquart, Ludovic
name: Nizard, Rémy
name: Ravaud, Philippe
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Femur neck--Fractures
Surgery
Database searching
Meta-analysis
Medical sciences
Information science

description: Background

Surgical interventions raise specific methodological issues in network meta-analysis (NMA). They are usually multi-component interventions resulting in complex networks of randomized controlled trials (RCTs), with multiple groups and sparse connections.

Purpose

To illustrate the applicability of the NMA in a complex network of surgical interventions and to prioritize the available interventions according to a clinically relevant outcome.

Methods

We considered RCTs of treatments for femoral neck fracture in adults. We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE and ClinicalTrials.gov up to November 2015. Two reviewers independently selected trials, extracted data and used the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool for assessing the risk of bias. A group of orthopedic surgeons grouped similar but not identical interventions under the same node. We synthesized the network using a Bayesian network meta-analysis model. We derived posterior odds ratios (ORs) and 95% credible intervals (95% CrIs) for all possible pairwise comparisons. The primary outcome was all-cause revision surgery.

Results

Data from 27 trials were combined, for 4,186 participants (72% women, mean age 80 years, 95% displaced fractures). The median follow-up was 2 years. With hemiarthroplasty (HA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA) as a comparison, risk of surgical revision was significantly higher with the treatments unthreaded cervical osteosynthesis (OR 8.0 [95% CrI 3.6–15.5] and 5.9 [2.4–12.0], respectively), screw (9.4 [6.0–16.5] and 6.7 [3.9–13.6]) and plate (12.5 [5.8–23.8] and 7.8 [3.8–19.4]).

Conclusions

In older women with displaced femoral neck fractures, arthroplasty (HA and THA) is the most effective treatment in terms of risk of revision surgery.
Additional file 1 of Comparison of oral glucose tolerance test and HbA1c in detection of disorders of glucose metabolism in patients with acute stroke
Creators: name: Matz, Karl
name: Tuomilehto, Jaakko
name: Teuschl, Yvonne
name: Dachenhausen, Alexandra
name: Brainin, Michael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Baseline characteristics of patients in different groups of evolution of glucose metabolism (GM) between baseline and 12 months follow up. Both, OGTT and HbA1c were used for diagnosis, patients were classified to PD or T2DM if either the OGTT or HbA1c criteria were fulfilled.
Enrollment in HIV Care Two Years after HIV Diagnosis in the Kingdom of Swaziland: An Evaluation of a National Program of New Linkage Procedures
Creators: name: MacKellar, Duncan A.
name: Williams, Daniel
name: Storer, Nosipho
name: Okello, Velephi
name: Azih, Charles
name: Drummond, Jennifer
name: Nuwagaba-Biribonwoha, Harriet
name: Preko, Peter
name: Morgan, Rebecca L.
name: Dlamini, Makhosazana
name: Byrd, Johnita
name: Agolory, Simon
name: Baughman, Andrew L.
name: McNairy, Margaret
name: Sahabo, Ruben
name: Ehrenkranz, Peter
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: HIV-positive persons--Care
Medical record linkage
HIV infections--Diagnosis
Public health
Medical sciences
Epidemiology

description: To improve early enrollment in HIV care, the Swaziland Ministry of Health implemented new linkage procedures for persons HIV diagnosed during the Soka Uncobe male circumcision campaign (SOKA, 2011–2012) and the Swaziland HIV Incidence Measurement Survey (SHIMS, 2011). Abstraction of clinical records and telephone interviews of a retrospective cohort of HIV-diagnosed SOKA and SHIMS clients were conducted in 2013–2014 to evaluate compliance with new linkage procedures and enrollment in HIV care at 92 facilities throughout Swaziland. Of 1,105 clients evaluated, within 3, 12, and 24 months of diagnosis, an estimated 14.0%, 24.3%, and 37.0% enrolled in HIV care, respectively, after adjusting for lost to follow-up and non-response. Kaplan-Meier functions indicated lower enrollment probability among clients 14–24 (P = 0.0001) and 25–29 (P = 0.001) years of age compared with clients > 35 years of age. At 69 facilities to which clients were referred for HIV care, compliance with new linkage procedures was low: referral forms were located for less than half (46.8%) of the clients, and few (9.6%) were recorded in the appointment register or called either before (0.3%) or after (4.9%) their appointment. Of over one thousand clients newly HIV diagnosed in Swaziland in 2011 and 2012, few received linkage services in accordance with national procedures and most had not enrolled in HIV care two years after their diagnosis. Our findings are a call to action to improve linkage services and early enrollment in HIV care in Swaziland.
Why Did I Stop? Barriers and Facilitators to Uptake and Adherence to ART in Option B+ HIV Care in Lilongwe, Malawi
Creators: name: Kim, Maria H.
name: Zhou, Amy
name: Mazenga, Alick
name: Ahmed, Saeed
name: Markham, Christine
name: Zomba, Gerald
name: Simon, Katie
name: Kazembe, Peter N.
name: Abrams, Elaine J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Patient compliance
subject: Antiretroviral agents
subject: HIV infections--Treatment
subject: Virology
subject: Medical sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Causes for loss-to-follow-up, including early refusals of and stopping antiretroviral therapy (ART), in Malawi’s Option B+ program are poorly understood. This study examines the main barriers and facilitators to uptake and adherence to ART under Option B+. In depth interviews were conducted with HIV-infected women who were pregnant or postpartum in Lilongwe, Malawi (N = 65). Study participants included women who refused ART initiation (N = 10), initiated ART and then stopped (N = 26), and those who initiated ART and remained on treatment (N = 29). The barriers to ART initiation were varied and included concerns about partner support, feeling healthy, and needing time to think. The main reasons for stopping ART included side effects and lack of partner support. A substantial number of women started ART after initially refusing or stopping ART. There were several facilitators for re-starting ART, including encouragement from community health workers, side effects subsiding, decline in health, change in partner, and fear of future sickness. Amongst those who remained on ART, desire to prevent transmission and improve health were the most influential facilitators. Reasons for refusing and stopping ART were varied. ART-related side effects and feeling healthy were common barriers to ART initiation and adherence. Providing consistent pre-ART counseling, early support for patients experiencing side effects, and targeted efforts to bring women who stop treatment back into care may improve long term health outcomes.
Topos Models for Physics and Topos Theory
Creators: name: Wolters, Sander A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: What is the role of topos theory in the topos models for quantum theory as used by Isham, Butterfield, Doring, Heunen, Landsman, Spitters and others? In other words, what is the interplay between physical motivation for the models and the mathematical framework used in these models? Concretely, we show that the presheaf topos model of Butterfield, Isham and Doring resembles classical physics when viewed from the internal language of the presheaf topos, similar to the copresheaf topos model of Heunen, Landsman and Spitters. Both the presheaf and copresheaf models provide a `quantum logic' in the form of a complete Heyting algebra. Although these algebras are natural from a topos theoretic stance, we seek a physical interpretation for the logical operations. Finally, we investigate dynamics. In particular we describe how an automorphism on the operator algebra induces a homeomorphism (or isomorphism of locales) on the associated state spaces of the topos models, and how elementary propositions and truth values transform under the action of this homeomorphism. Also with dynamics the focus is on the internal perspective of the topos.
description: 54 pages, 0 figures
Toll-Like Receptor 11 (TLR11) Interacts with Flagellin and Profilin through Disparate Mechanisms
Creators: name: Hatai, Hirotsugu
name: Lepelley, Alice
name: Zeng, Wangyong
name: Hayden, Matthew S.
name: Ghosh, Sankar
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Immune response--Molecular aspects
subject: Toxoplasma gondii
subject: Protozoan diseases
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pathology

description: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are innate immune receptors that sense a variety of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) by interacting with them and subsequently initiating signal transduction cascades that elicit immune responses. TLR11 has been shown to interact with two known protein PAMPs: Salmonella and E. coli flagellin FliC and Toxoplasma gondii profilin-like protein. Given the highly divergent biology of these pathogens recognized by TLR11, it is unclear whether common mechanisms are used to recognize these distinct protein PAMPs. Here we show that TLR11 interacts with these two PAMPs using different receptor domains. Furthermore, TLR11 binding to flagellin and profilin exhibits differential dependency on pH and receptor ectodomain cleavage.
Additional file 1 of Accuracy of telephone triage in patients suspected of transient ischaemic attack or stroke: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Erkelens, Daphne C.
name: Rutten, Frans H.
name: Wouters, Loes T.
name: L. Servaas Dolmans
name: Groot, Esther De
name: Damoiseaux, Roger A.
name: Zwart, Dorien L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Baseline characteristics of 1,700 patients with symptoms suggestive of TIA/stroke, classified into patients of whom follow-up information about the final diagnosis could and could not be retrieved. Table S2. NTS urgency and final urgency allocation of 1,269 patients with symptoms suggestive of TIA/minor stroke. Table S3. NTS urgency and final urgency allocation of 434 patients with TIA/minor stroke. Table S4. NTS urgency and final urgency allocation of 201 patients with major stroke. Table S5. NTS urgency and final urgency allocation of 61 patients with other LTEs.
Fisher Analysis on Wide-Band Polarimetry for Probing the Intergalactic Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Ideguchi, Shinsuke
name: Takahashi, Keitaro
name: Akahori, Takuya
name: Kumazaki, Kohei
name: Ryu, Dongsu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the capability of ongoing radio telescopes for probing Faraday rotation measure (RM) due to the intergalactic magnetic field (IGMF) in the large-scale structure of the universe which is expected to be of order $O(1) {\rm rad/m^2}$. We consider polarization observations of a compact radio source such as quasars behind a diffuse source such as the Galaxy, and calculate Stokes parameters $Q$ and $U$ assuming a simple model of the Faraday dispersion functions with Gaussian shape. Then, we perform the Fisher analysis to estimate the expected errors in the model parameters from QU-fitting of polarization intensity, accounting for sensitivities and frequency bands of Australian Square Kilometer Array Pathfinder, Low Frequency Array, and the Giant Meterwave Radio Telescope. Finally, we examine the condition on the source intensities which are required to detect the IGMF. Our analysis indicates that the QU-fitting is promising for forthcoming wideband polarimetry to explore RM due to the IGMF in filaments of galaxies.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures
Climate of Earth-like planets with high obliquity and eccentric orbits: implications for habitability conditions
Creators: name: Linsenmeier, Manuel
name: Pascale, Salvatore
name: Lucarini, Valerio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 85

description: We explore the effects of seasonal variability for the climate of Earth-like planets as determined by the two parameters polar obliquity and orbital eccentricity using a general circulation model of intermediate complexity. In the first part of the paper we examine the consequences of different values of obliquity and eccentricity for the spatio-temporal patterns of radiation and surface temperatures as well as for the main characteristics of the atmospheric circulations. In the second part we analyse the associated implications for the habitability of planets close to the outer edge of the habitable zone (HZ). This part of the paper focuses in particular on the multistability property of climate, i.e. the parallel existence of both an ice-free and an ice-covered climate state. Our results show that seasonal variability affects both the existence of and transitions between the two climate states. Moreover, our experiments reveal that planets with Earth-like atmospheres and high seasonal variability can have ice-free areas at much larger distance from the host star than planets without seasonal variability, which leads to a substantial expansion of the outer edge of the HZ. Sensitivity experiments exploring the role of azimuthal obliquity and surface heat capacity test the robustness of our results. On circular orbits, our findings obtained with a general circulation model agree well with previous studies based on one dimensional energy balance models, whereas significant differences are found on eccentric orbits.
description: 16 figures, 3 tables
The Impact of Comprehensive Case Management on HIV Client Outcomes
Creators: name: Brennan-Ing, Mark
name: Seidel, Liz
name: Rodgers, Leslie
name: Ernst, Jerome
name: Wirth, Doug
name: Tietz, Daniel
name: Moretti, Antonio
name: Karpiak, Stephen E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Hospitals--Case management services
HIV infections--Epidemiology
HIV-positive persons--Care--Government policy
Epidemiology
Health services administration
Medical care
Public health

description: In 1990, New York State instituted Comprehensive Medicaid Case Management, also known as Target Case Management (TCM), for people dealing with multiple comorbid conditions, including HIV. The goal of TCM is to assist clients in navigating the health care system to increase care engagement and treatment adherence for individuals with complex needs. HIV-positive individuals engaged in care are more likely to be virally suppressed, improving clinical outcomes and decreasing chances of HIV transmission. The purpose of this study was to understand the impact of TCM management on outcomes for people with HIV. Data were obtained from Amida Care, which operates not-for-profit managed care Medicaid and Medicare Special Needs Plans (SNPs) for HIV clients. Changes in clinical, cost, as well as medical and pharmacy utilization data among TCM clients were examined between January 2011 through September 2012 from the start of case management enrollment through the end of the study period (i.e., up to 6 months after disenrollment). Additionally, CD4 counts were compared between Amida Care TCM clients and non-TCM clients. Notable findings include increased CD4 counts for TCM clients over the one-year study period, achieving parity with non-TCM clients (i.e., Mean CD4 count > 500). When looking exclusively at TCM clients, there were increases in medication costs over time, which were concomitant with increased care engagement. Current findings demonstrate that TCM is able to achieve its goals of improving care engagement and treatment adherence. Subsequent policy changes resulting from the Affordable Care Act and the New York State Medicaid Redesign have made the Health Home the administrator of TCM services. Government entities charged with securing and managing TCM and care coordination for people with HIV should provide thoughtful and reasonable guidance and oversight in order to maintain optimal clinical outcomes for TCM clients and reduce the transmission of HIV.
Medical and Social Determinants of Subsequent Labour Market Marginalization in Young Hospitalized Suicide Attempters
Creators: name: Niederkrotenthaler, Thomas
name: Tinghög, Petter
name: Goldman-Mellor, Sidra
name: Wilcox, Holly C.
name: Gould, Madelyn S.
name: Mittendorfer-Rutz, Ellenor
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Educational attainment
Youth--Suicidal behavior
People with mental disabilities--Employment
Labor market
Mental health
Public health

description: Background

Individuals with a history of suicide attempt have a high risk for subsequent labour market marginalization. This study aimed at assessing the effect of individual and parental factors on different measures of marginalization.

Methods

Prospective cohort study based on register linkage of 5 649 individuals who in 1994 were 16–30 years old, lived in Sweden and were treated in inpatient care for suicide attempt during 1992–1994. Hazard ratios (HRs) for labour market marginalization defined as long-term unemployment (>180 days), sickness absence (>90 days), or disability pension in 1995–2010 were calculated with Cox regression.

Results

Medical risk factors, particularly any earlier diagnosed specific mental disorders (e.g., schizophrenia: HR 5.4 (95% CI: 4.2, 7.0), personality disorders: HR 3.9, 95% CI: 3.1, 4.9), repetitive suicide attempts (HR 1.6, 95% CI: 1.4, 1.9) were associated with a higher relative risk of disability pension. Individual medical factors were of smaller importance for long-term sickness absence, and of only marginal relevance to long-term unemployment. Country of birth outside Europe had an opposite effect on disability pension (HR 0.6, 95% CI: 0.4, 0.8) and long-term unemployment (HR 1.5, 95% CI: 1.3, 1.8). Female sex was positively correlated with long-term sickness absence (HR 1.6, 95% CI: 1.4, 1.7), and negatively associated with long-term unemployment (HR: 0.8, 95% CI: 0.7, 0.9).

Conclusions

As compared to disability pension, long-term sickness absence and unemployment was more strongly related to socio-economic variables. Marginalization pathways seemed to vary with migration status and sex. These findings may contribute to the development of intervention strategies which take the individual risk for marginalization into account.
title: Distribution, biomass, and demography of coastal pelagic fishes in the California Current Ecosystem during summer 2018 based on acoustic-trawl sampling
Creators: name: Stierhoff, Kevin L.
name: Zwolinski, Juan P.
name: Demer, David A.
Publisher: name: Southwest Fisheries Science Center (U.S.)
Year: 2019

description: NOAA technical memorandum NMFS SWFSC	; 613
Characterization of Fluorescent Proteins for Three- and Four-Color Live-Cell Imaging in S. cerevisiae
Creators: name: Higuchi-Sanabria, Ryo
name: Garcia, Enrique Jose
name: Tomoiaga, Delia
name: Munteanu, Emilia Laura
name: Feinstein, Paul
name: Pon, Liza A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Green fluorescent protein
Imaging systems in medicine
Cell hybridization
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Cytology
Molecular biology

description: Saccharomyces cerevisiae are widely used for imaging fluorescently tagged protein fusions. Fluorescent proteins can easily be inserted into yeast genes at their chromosomal locus, by homologous recombination, for expression of tagged proteins at endogenous levels. This is especially useful for incorporation of multiple fluorescent protein fusions into a single strain, which can be challenging in organisms where genetic manipulation is more complex. However, the availability of optimal fluorescent protein combinations for 3-color imaging is limited. Here, we have characterized a combination of fluorescent proteins, mTFP1/mCitrine/mCherry for multicolor live cell imaging in S. cerevisiae. This combination can be used with conventional blue dyes, such as DAPI, for potential four-color live cell imaging.
Exact response functions within the time-dependent Gutzwiller approach
Creators: name: Bünemann, J.
name: Wasner, S.
name: Oelsen, E. v.
name: Seibold, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the applicability of the two existing versions of a time-dependent Gutzwiller approximation (TDGA) beyond the frequently used limit of infinite spatial dimensions. To this end, we study the two-particle response functions of a two-site Hubbard model where we can compare the exact results and those derived from the TDGA. It turns out that only the more recently introduced version of the TDGA can be combined with a diagrammatic approach which allows for the evaluation of Gutzwiller wave functions in finite dimensions. For this TDGA method we derive the time-dependent Lagrangian for general single-band Hubbard models.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures