cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Stirring N-body systems: Universality of end states
Creators: name: Barber, Jeremy A.
name: Zhao, Hongsheng
name: Wu, Xufen
name: Hansen, Steen H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of the phase-space of collisionless N-body systems under repeated stirrings or perturbations. We find convergence towards a limited solution group, in accordance with Hansen 2010, that is independent of the initial system and environmental conditions, paying particular attention to the assumed gravitational paradigm (Newtonian and MOND). We examine the effects of changes to the perturbation scheme and in doing so identify a large group of perturbations featuring radial orbit instability (ROI) which always lead to convergence. The attractor is thus found to be a robust and reproducible effect under a variety of circumstances.
Multiphoton Quantum Imaging using Natural Light
Creators: name: Mostafavi, Fatemeh
name: Hong, Mingyuan
name: Dawkins, Riley B.
name: Ferdous, Jannatul
name: Jin, Rui-Bo
name: Leon-Montiel, Roberto de J.
name: You, Chenglong
name: Magana-Loaiza, Omar S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is thought that schemes for quantum imaging are fragile against realistic environments in which the background noise is often stronger than the nonclassical signal of the imaging photons. Unfortunately, it is unfeasible to produce brighter quantum light sources to alleviate this problem. Here, we overcome this paradigmatic limitation by developing a quantum imaging scheme that relies on the use of natural sources of light. This is achieved by performing conditional detection on the photon number of the thermal light field scattered by a remote object. Specifically, the conditional measurements in our scheme enable us to extract quantum features of the detected thermal photons to produce quantum images with improved signal-to-noise ratios. This technique shows a remarkable exponential enhancement in the contrast of quantum images. Surprisingly, this measurement scheme enables the possibility of producing images from the vacuum fluctuations of the light field. This is experimentally demonstrated through the implementation of a single-pixel camera with photon-number-resolving capabilities. As such, we believe that our scheme opens a new paradigm in the field of quantum imaging. It also unveils the potential of combining natural light sources with nonclassical detection schemes for the development of robust quantum technologies.
Regulation of proinflammatory gene expression in intestinal epithelial cells
Creators: name: Jijon, Humberto B.
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: RC862 .I53 J55 2000
subject: Inflammatory bowel diseases
subject: Intestinal mucosa
subject: Epithelial cells
subject: Gene expression
subject: Genetic regulation

description: Bibliography: p. 207-237.
Slow dynamics for the dilute Ising model in the phase coexistence region
Creators: name: Wouts, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82B44, 82C20, 60K35

description: In this paper we consider the Glauber dynamics for a disordered ferromagnetic Ising model, in the region of phase coexistence. It was conjectured several decades ago that the spin autocorrelation decays as a negative power of time [Huse and Fisher, Phys. Rev. B, 1987]. We confirm this behavior by establishing a corresponding lower bound in any dimensions $d \geqslant 2$, together with an upper bound when $d=2$. Our approach is deeply connected to the Wulff construction for the dilute Ising model. We consider initial phase profiles with a reduced surface tension on their boundary and prove that, under mild conditions, those profiles are separated from the (equilibrium) pure plus phase by an energy barrier.
description: 44 pages, 6 figures
Distribution, abundance and habitat selection of northern pygmy and barred owls along the eastern slopes of the Alberta Rocky mountains
Creators: name: Piorecky, Mark D.
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2003

description: Bibliography: p. 87-100.
description: Surveys for northern pygmy (NPOW) and barred (BAOW) owls were conducted to determine distribution, abundance and habitat selection along Alberta's eastern slopes. The effect of environmental conditions on owl response rates was examined and density estimates were produced using an analytical method that models variation in species detectability (distance sampling). Both species were widely distributed and occurred at low densities throughout the study area (NPOW: D=0.048 birds/km2, CVb=55.8, BAOW: D=0.025 birds/km2, CVb=30. 7). Stepwise logistic and autologistic regression were used to develop predictive models for each species. Autologistic models accounted for observed spatial dependencies. All models considered biophysical variable selection at two spatial scales, minimum and maximum home range. Habitat selection models will enable managers to set and reach habitat goals by quantifying species habitat requirements and determining predicted habitat availability based on management actions.
Role of supercurrents on vortices formation in polariton condensates
Creators: name: Anton, C.
name: Tosi, G.
name: Martin, M. D.
name: Vina, L.
name: Lemaitre, A.
name: Bloch, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observation of quantized vortices in non-equilibrium polariton condensates has been reported either by spontaneous formation and pinning in the presence of disorder or by imprinting them onto the signal or idler of an optical parametric oscillator (OPO). Here, we report a detailed analysis of the creation and annihilation of polariton vortex-antivortex pairs in the signal state of a polariton OPO by means of a short optical Gaussian pulse at a certain finite pump wave-vector. A time-resolved, interferometric analysis of the emission allows us to extract the phase of the perturbed condensate and to reveal the dynamics of the supercurrents created by the pulsed probe. This flow is responsible for the appearance of the topological defects when counter-propagating to the underlying currents of the OPO signal.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Morphology of polymer particles and its impact on the coalescence process
Creators: name: Lin, Wen
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2003

description: Bibliography: p. 109-131.
description: Coalescence of polymer particles occurs in industrial processes of rotational molding, powder coating, and rapid prototyping. The extent and rates of binding between particles govern the production cycle and the physical properties of the product. Polymer coalescence is promoted by heating the powder to the glass transition/melting temperatures and the melt viscosity, elasticity and surface tension are reported to be important parameters. It is also suggested that the molecular structure of the polymer and its morphology in the solid state may be important, and this is of current interest. The morphology of polymer particles is to be modified to achieve optimal processability and product quality through controlling the processing conditions and changing the material composition with additives. Commercial grade ethylene copolymers and polypropylene were used in this work. The resins were melted in a mold with and without a nucleating agent (bis 3 ,4 dimethylbenzylidene sorbitol) and solidified to form cylinders under various thermal treatments. Results showed that samples with slower cooling rates exhibited higher crystallinity and increased thermal stability. Coalescence experiments were conducted by heating two juxtaposed discs. There were only small differences with coalescence behaviors for samples subjected only to thermal treatments. However, the addition of the nucleating agent led to the formation of crystalline structures with higher crystallinity, melting and crystallization temperatures, and consequently slows the coalescing rates significantly.
title: Ermittelte Regeln und Erkenntnisse des Regelermittlungsausschusses nach § 46 des Mess- und Eichgesetzes
title: Stand: 12. Februar 2020
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Regelermittlungsausschuss bei der Physikalisch-Technischen Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig
Publisher: name: Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)
Year: 2020
Subjects: Regelermittlungsausschuss
REA
Mess- und Eichgesetz
technische Spezifikationen
wesentliche Anforderungen
Verfahren der Konformitätsbewertung
Verwendung von Messgeräten

description: Stand: 12. Februar 2020
Cantilever-based electret energy harvesters
Creators: name: Boisseau, S.
name: Despesse, G.
name: Ricart, T.
name: Defay, E.
name: Sylvestre, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Integration of structures and functions allowed reducing electric consumptions of sensors, actuators and electronic devices. Therefore, it is now possible to imagine low-consumption devices able to harvest their energy in their surrounding environment. One way to proceed is to develop converters able to turn mechanical energy, such as vibrations, into electricity: this paper focuses on electrostatic converters using electrets. We develop an accurate analytical model of a simple but efficient cantilever-based electret energy harvester. Therefore, we prove that with vibrations of 0.1g (~1m/s^{2}), it is theoretically possible to harvest up to 30\muW per gram of mobile mass. This power corresponds to the maximum output power of a resonant energy harvester according to the model of William and Yates. Simulations results are validated by experimental measurements but the issues of parasitic capacitances get a large impact. Therefore, we 'only' managed to harvest 10\muW per gram of mobile mass, but according to our factor of merit, this puts us in the best results of the state of the art. http://iopscience.iop.org/0964-1726/20/10/105013
description: This is an author-created, un-copyedited version of an article accepted for publication in Smart Materials and Structures. IOP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it. The definitive publisher-authenticated version is available online at doi:10.1088/0964-1726/20/10/105013; http://iopscience.iop.org/0964-1726/20/10/105013
IN01055 - Halsi Grant of Ravivarman (5 plates)
Creators: name: Balogh, Dániel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: [caption id="attachment_5721" align="alignnone" width="300"] Cakratīrtha, Halsi, Karnataka. Copper plate charter of Ravivarman, inked impression.[/caption]
title: Ermittelte Regeln und Erkenntnisse des Regelermittlungsausschusses nach § 46 des Mess- und Eichgesetzes
title: Stand: 22. März 2021
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Regelermittlungsausschuss bei der Physikalisch-Technischen Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig
Publisher: name: Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)
Year: 2021
Subjects: Regelermittlungsausschuss
REA
Mess- und Eichgesetz
technische Spezifikationen
wesentliche Anforderungen
Verfahren der Konformitätsbewertung
Verwendung von Messgeräten

description: Stand: 22. März 2021
Results from LHCf Experiment
Creators: name: Tricomi, Alessia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The LHCf experiment has taken data in 2009 and 2010 p-p collisions at LHC at $\sqrt{s} = 0.9$ TeV and $\sqrt{s} = 7$ TeV. The measurement of the forward neutral particle spectra produced in proton-proton collisions at LHC up to an energy of 14 TeV in the center of mass system are of fundamental importance to calibrate the Monte Carlo models widely used in the high energy cosmic ray (HECR) field, up to an equivalent laboratory energy of the order of $10^{17}$ eV. In this paper the first results on the inclusive photon spectrum measured by LHCf is reported. Comparison of this spectrum with the model expectations show significant discrepancies, mainly in the high energy region. In addition, perspectives for future analyses as well as the program for the next data taking period, in particular the possibility to take data in p-Pb collisions, will be discussed.
description: Presented at the 2011 Hadron Collider Physics symposium (HCP-2011), Paris, France, November 14-18 2011, 4 pages, 6 figures
PC-Cluster based Storage System Architecture for Cloud Storage
Creators: name: Yee, Tin Tin
name: Naing, Thinn Thu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Design and architecture of cloud storage system plays a vital role in cloud computing infrastructure in order to improve the storage capacity as well as cost effectiveness. Usually cloud storage system provides users to efficient storage space with elasticity feature. One of the challenges of cloud storage system is difficult to balance the providing huge elastic capacity of storage and investment of expensive cost for it. In order to solve this issue in the cloud storage infrastructure, low cost PC cluster based storage server is configured to be activated for large amount of data to provide cloud users. Moreover, one of the contributions of this system is proposed an analytical model using M/M/1 queuing network model, which is modeled on intended architecture to provide better response time, utilization of storage as well as pending time when the system is running. According to the analytical result on experimental testing, the storage can be utilized more than 90% of storage space. In this paper, two parts have been described such as (i) design and architecture of PC cluster based cloud storage system. On this system, related to cloud applications, services configurations are explained in detailed. (ii) Analytical model has been enhanced to be increased the storage utilization on the target architecture.
Disc scalelengths out to redshift 5.8
Creators: name: Fathi, Kambiz
name: Gatchell, Michael
name: Hatziminaoglou, Evanthia
name: Epinat, Benoit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the exponential disc scalelength for 686 disc galaxies with spectroscopic redshifts out to redshift 5.8 based on Hubble Space Telescope archival data. We compare the results with our previous measurements based on 30000 nearby galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Our results confirm the presence of a dominating exponential component in galaxies out to this redshift. At the highest redshifts, the disc scalelength for the brightest galaxies with absolute magnitude between -24 and -22 is up to a factor 8 smaller compared to that in the local Universe. This observed scalelength decrease is significantly greater than the value predicted by a cosmological picture in which baryonic disc scalelength scales with the virial radius of the dark matter halo.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures; accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters
Performing Protest: Media Practices In The Trans-Urban Euromayday Movement Of The Precarious
Creators: name: Hamm, Marion
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: gnd:4157835-1
subject: gnd:4056723-0

description: This dissertation addresses the question of how contemporary social movements use protest media strategically in creative and productive ways that go beyond representation. Mediated repertoires of contention are brought into play to create new political subjectivities, establish credible political actors, and circulate struggles across regional and national borders. However, media need to be aligned with specific cultural settings to unfold their performative power. Despite increasing interest for protest media in social movement- and media studies, their culturality has received little theoretical and methodological attention. This dissertation develops a cultural approach to protest media, drawing on critical anthropology, European ethnology, cultural studies, and theories of practice. The research is situated on the micro-political level, while post-operaism, governmentality studies and regulation theory provide a macro-perspective. The study offers a comparative cultural analysis of a trans-urban labour-related movement which mobilised around precarity throughout the 2000s. The most visible public performances were simultaneous Euromayday Parades on International Workers’ Day in over 40 European cities. Using complex media arrangements, activists circulated plurivocal imageries of precarity. Methodologically, the research is based on a processual, flexible multi-sited ethnography. It traces imageries circulating in the network and reconstructs their historical and contemporary contexts through participant observation, interviews and extensive online ethnography. This is complemented by visual and textual analysis of selected media products. Following a critical review of cultural perspectives in social movement scholarship, reflexive activist scholarship is presented as a research position between the fields of activism and academia. In addition to a network perspective, detailed case studies in three global cities examine how imageries and narratives of precarity were aligned with everyday life, popular culture, symbolic time and urban space. Specific cultural politics were conductive to the adoption of the precarity frame in some cities (Milan, Hamburg) and led to its abandonment in others (London). Overall, it is argued that protest media were constituent in the formation of the Euromayday movement and central to its performativity. Mediated practices of meaning-making were crucial in generating situated knowledge on precarious conditions, developing new forms of organising and producing empowered political subjectivities based on multiple experiences rather than unity.
description: + Sprache: eng + Code Diss LU: UNILU Diss 2011 F2 EL
Schema-driven framework for data submission, integration, and dissemination in the Pan-Canadian Genome Library
Creators: name: Xiang, Linda
name: Li, Alexis
name: Maria, Daniel De
name: Bujold, David
name: Morais, David AL
name: Su, Edmund
name: Eubank, Jon
name: Cranston, Karen
name: Silva, Leonardo Da
name: Courtot, Melanie
name: PCGL Data Model Working Group
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2025

description: The Pan-Canadian Genome Library (PCGL) will serve as a central repository for harmonized genomic and clinical datasets across Canada. It will enable researchers to conduct cross-study comparisons, enhance data-driven insights, and foster collaboration in precision medicine initiatives. Here, we present a modular, extensible schema framework for PCGL which is designed to support the submission, integration, and dissemination of heterogeneous clinical and genomic data from diverse domains, such as cancer, infectious diseases, and rare diseases.

The framework consists of three schema types: Base, Extension, and Custom schemas. The Base schema, maintained by the Data Coordination Center (DCC) administrators, defines a set of common, standardized, and ontology-driven fields to ensure consistency and interoperability across datasets. This Base schema powers the Research Portal to provide a unified platform for researchers to explore, query and analyze harmonized datasets, so as to foster reproducible research within the PCGL ecosystem.

For studies collecting additional  attributes for their data and metadata, Extensions are collaboratively developed by DCC admins and data submitters to capture specialized elements. The Base and Extension schemas are then merged to create Custom schemas, which are tailored to individual studies. These Custom schemas are registered in a centralized Schema Registry for version control, validation, and governance. The Submission Portal which is built upon the registered Custom schemas, will support study-specific data submission and validation. This ensures that all submitted data not only aligns with PCGL standards through rigorous quality and compliance validations, but also enhances data diversity by incorporating unique attributes specific to each study. 

Our framework balances the need to enable comprehensive data submission with minimal burden on data submitters to ensure that the submission process remains efficient. While data submitted with the Extension schema is not searchable through Research Portal, both Base and Extension data remain fully downloadable to support further analysis and automated data curation at later stages. 

A key challenge lies in developing harmonization tools to assist data submitters in converting their datasets to the PCGL data format. Future work will focus on refining these tools and streamlining the mapping process between external data models and the PCGL schema, while also supporting interoperability with external standards such as FHIR, OMOP, and Phenopackets, to further enhance collaborative research across Canada.
Ensemble model output statistics for wind vectors
Creators: name: Schuhen, Nina
name: Thorarinsdottir, Thordis L.
name: Gneiting, Tilmann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A bivariate ensemble model output statistics (EMOS) technique for the postprocessing of ensemble forecasts of two-dimensional wind vectors is proposed, where the postprocessed probabilistic forecast takes the form of a bivariate normal probability density function. The postprocessed means and variances of the wind vector components are linearly bias-corrected versions of the ensemble means and ensemble variances, respectively, and the conditional correlation between the wind components is represented by a trigonometric function of the ensemble mean wind direction. In a case study on 48-hour forecasts of wind vectors over the North American Pacific Northwest with the University of Washington Mesoscale Ensemble, the bivariate EMOS density forecasts were calibrated and sharp, and showed considerable improvement over the raw ensemble and reference forecasts, including ensemble copula coupling.
DirectMultiStep: Direct Route Generation for Multistep Retrosynthesis
Creators: name: Shee, Yu
name: Morgunov, Anton
name: Li, Haote
name: Batista, Victor S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Traditional computer-aided synthesis planning (CASP) methods rely on iterative single-step predictions, leading to exponential search space growth that limits efficiency and scalability. We introduce a series of transformer-based models, that leverage a mixture of experts approach to directly generate multistep synthetic routes as a single string, conditionally predicting each transformation based on all preceding ones. Our DMS Explorer XL model, which requires only target compounds as input, outperforms state-of-the-art methods on the PaRoutes dataset with 1.9x and 3.1x improvements in Top-1 accuracy on the n$_1$ and n$_5$ test sets, respectively. Providing additional information, such as the desired number of steps and starting materials, enables both a reduction in model size and an increase in accuracy, highlighting the benefits of incorporating more constraints into the prediction process. The top-performing DMS-Flex (Duo) model scores 25-50% higher on Top-1 and Top-10 accuracies for both n$_1$ and n$_5$ sets. Additionally, our models successfully predict routes for FDA-approved drugs not included in the training data, demonstrating strong generalization capabilities. While the limited diversity of the training set may affect performance on less common reaction types, our multistep-first approach presents a promising direction towards fully automated retrosynthetic planning.
Functional abilities and quality of life of Canadian unilateral transtibial amputees as a function of socket design
Creators: name: Uribarri, Maria Jose Alvarez
Publisher: name: Kinesiology
Year: 2004

description: Bibliography: p. 165-170.
description: Quality of life and functional ability levels in unilateral transtibial amputees were evaluated with the SAQLUTA questionnaire, and were compared between subjects using plaster cast prosthetic sockets and those using CAD/CAM sockets. The sample of 102 individuals had a mean age of 55 ±15 years. Reliability was confirmed with good internal consistency across six subscales, and construct validity was supported with factor analysis. Prosthesis use, satisfaction with the prosthesis, and quality of life were high. Complex locomotor activities posed the greatest challenges. Subjects in the always CAD (AC) group had significantly greater difficulty with mobility and locomotion than subjects in the always plaster (AP) and plaster to CAD (P/C) groups. The challenges reported by women and older individuals appeared to have influenced the performance of the AC socket group. Subjects in the AP group did not report lower levels of functional abilities and quality of life than the AC group.
Universal amplitudes of the Casimir-like interactions between four types of rods in fluid membranes
Creators: name: Bitbol, Anne-Florence
name: Ronia, Kévin Sin
name: Fournier, Jean-Baptiste
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fluctuation-induced, Casimir-like interaction between two parallel rods of length L adsorbed on a fluid membrane is calculated analytically at short separations d<
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Non-Markovian qubit decoherence during dispersive readout
Creators: name: Reuther, Georg M.
name: Hänggi, Peter
name: Kohler, Sigmund
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study qubit decoherence under generalized dispersive readout, i.e., we investigate a qubit coupled to a resonantly driven dissipative harmonic oscillator. We provide a complete picture by allowing for arbitrarily large qubit-oscillator detuning and by considering also a coupling to the square of the oscillator coordinate, which is relevant for flux qubits. Analytical results for the decoherence time are obtained by a transformation of the qubit-oscillator Hamiltonian to the dispersive frame and a subsequent master equation treatment beyond the Markov limit. We predict a crossover from Markovian decay to a decay with Gaussian shape. Our results are corroborated by the numerical solution of the full qubit-oscillator master equation in the original frame.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
title: NOAA Drought Task Force 2016
title: Research to advance national drought monitoring and prediction capabilities
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Huang, Jin
name: Svoboda, Mark
name: Wood, Andy
name: Schubert, Siegfried
name: Peters-Lidard, Christa Dianne, 1969-
name: Wood, Eric F.
name: Pulwarty, Roger S., 1960-
name: Mariotti, Annarita
name: Barrie, Daniel Bennett
Publisher: name: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Oceanic and Atmospheric Research, Climate Program Office
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Droughts--Monitoring--United States.
subject: Drought forecasting--United States--Simulation methods--Analysis.

description: This report offers an overview of the state of science and practice in monitoring, forecasting and understanding droughts. It highlights the influence of research on advancing drought operations and capabilities, how this is being assessed, and opportunities for further progress. The goal of the report is to communicate the crucial role that research plays in advancing the development and implementation of the Congressionally-mandated National Integrated Drought Information System (NIDIS) early warning system.
Molecular interactions in the context of Alzheimers disease: Annotation rich dataset from the IMEx Consortium
Creators: name: Panneerselvam, Kalpana
name: Licata, Luana
name: Panni, Simona
name: Balu, Sucharitha
name: Huget, Susie
name: Ragueneau, Eliot
name: Reyes, Juan Jose Medina
name: Orchard, Sandra
name: Hermjakob, Henning
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2025

description: Manually curated molecular interaction dataset by IMEx consortium curators in the context of Alzheimer's disease from published scientific literature.
Inventory reporting of livestock emissions: the impact of the IPCC 1996 and 2006 Guidelines
Creators: name: Amon, Barbara
name: Çinar, Gültaç
name: Anderl, Michael
name: Dragoni, Federico
name: Kleinberger-Pierer, Magdalena
name: Hörtenhuber, Stefan
Publisher: name: Bristol : IOP Publ.
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Emissions inventory
subject: IPCC guidelines
subject: Livestock
subject: 690

description: The livestock sector is a major contributor to agricultural greenhouse gas (GHG) and nitrogen (N) emissions and efforts are being made to reduce these emissions. National emission inventories are the main tool for reporting emissions. They have to be consistent, comparable, complete, accurate and transparent. The quality of emission inventories is affected by the reporting methodology, emission factors and knowledge of individual sources. In this paper, we investigate the effects of moving from the 1996 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines on the emission estimates from the livestock sector. With Austria as a case study, we estimated the emissions according to the two guidelines, revealing marked changes in emission estimates from different source categories resulting from changes in the applied methodology. Overall estimated GHG emissions from the livestock sector decreased when applying the IPCC 2006 methodology, except for emissions from enteric fermentation. Our study revealed shifts in the relative importance of main emission sources. While the share of CH4 emissions from enteric fermentation and manure management increased, the share of N2O emissions from manure management and soils decreased. The most marked decrease was observed for the share of indirect N2O emissions. Our study reveals a strong relationship between the emission inventory methodology and mitigation options as mitigation measures will only be effective for meeting emission reduction targets if their effectiveness can be demonstrated in the national emission inventories. We include an outlook on the 2019 IPCC Refinement and its potential effects on livestock emissions estimates. Emission inventory reports are a potent tool to show the effect of mitigation measures and the methodology prescribed in inventory guidelines will have a distinct effect on the selection of mitigation measures.
Probing anomalous tbW couplings in single-top production using top polarization at the Large Hadron Collider
Creators: name: Rindani, Saurabh D.
name: Sharma, Pankaj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the sensitivity of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) to anomalous tbW couplings in single-top production in association with a W^- boson followed by semileptonic decay of the top. We calculate top polarization and the effects of these anomalous couplings to it at two centre-of-mass (cm) energies of 7 TeV and 14 TeV. As a measure of top polarization, we look at various laboratory frame distributions of its decay products, viz., lepton angular and energy distributions and b-quark angular distributions, without requiring reconstruction of the rest frame of the top, and study the effect of anomalous couplings on these distributions. We construct certain asymmetries to study the sensitivity of these distributions to anomalous tbW couplings. We find that 1σlimits on real and imaginary parts of the dominant anomalous coupling Ref_{2R} which may be obtained by utilizing these asymmetries at the LHC with cm energy of 14 TeV and an integrated luminosity of 10 fb^{-1} will be significantly better than the expectations from direct measurements of cross sections and some other variables at the LHC and over an order of magnitude better than the indirect limits.
description: 25 pages, 34 figures
Emergent Gauge Fields in Band Insulators
Creators: name: Han, Zhaoyu
name: Kivelson, Steven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By explicit microscopic construction involving a mapping to a quantum vertex model subject to the `ice rule,' we show that an electronically `trivial' band insulator with suitable vibrational (phonon) degrees of freedom can host a ``resonating valence-bond'' state - a quantum phase with emergent gauge fields. This novel type of band insulator is identifiable by the existence of emergent gapless `photon' modes and deconfined excitations, the latter of which carry non-quantized mobile charges. We suggest that such phases may exist in the quantum regimes of various nearly ferroelectric materials.
Tunneling Recombination in Optically Pumped Graphene with Electron-Hole Puddles
Creators: name: Ryzhii, V.
name: Ryzhii, M.
name: Otsuji, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate recombination of electrons and holes in optically pumped graphene associated with the interband tunneling between electron-hole puddles and calculate the recombination rate and time. It is demonstrated that this mechanism can be dominant in a wide range of pumping intensities. We show that the tunneling recombination rate and time are nonmonotonic functions of the quasi-Fermi energies of electrons and holes and optical pumping intensity. This can result in hysteresis phenomena.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Carbon dioxide removal technologies are not born equal
Creators: name: Strefler, Jessica
name: Bauer, Nico
name: Humpenöder, Florian
name: Klein, David
name: Popp, Alexander
name: Kriegler, Elmar
Publisher: name: Bristol : IOP Publ.
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: carbon dioxide removal
subject: CDR
subject: climate change mitigation
subject: IAM
subject: negative emissions
subject: 690

description: Technologies for carbon dioxide removal (CDR) from the atmosphere have been recognized as an important part of limiting warming to well below 2 °C called for in the Paris Agreement. However, many scenarios so far rely on bioenergy in combination with carbon capture and storage as the only CDR technology. Various other options have been proposed, but have scarcely been taken up in an integrated assessment of mitigation pathways. In this study we analyze a comprehensive portfolio of CDR options in terms of their regional and temporal deployment patterns in climate change mitigation pathways and the resulting challenges. We show that any CDR option with sufficient potential can reduce the economic costs of achieving the 1.5 °C target substantially without increasing the temperature overshoot. CDR helps to reduce net CO2 emissions faster and achieve carbon neutrality earlier. The regional distribution of CDR deployment in cost-effective mitigation pathways depends on which options are available. If only enhanced weathering of rocks on croplands or re- and afforestation are available, Latin America and Asia cover nearly all of global CDR deployment. Besides fairness and sustainability concerns, such a regional concentration would require large international transfers and thus strong international institutions. In our study, the full portfolio scenario is the most balanced from a regional perspective. This indicates that different CDR options should be developed such that all regions can contribute according to their regional potentials.
Chemical Processes in Protoplanetary Disks II. On the importance of photochemistry and X-ray ionization
Creators: name: Walsh, Catherine
name: Nomura, Hideko
name: Millar, T. J.
name: Aikawa, Yuri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the impact of photochemistry and X-ray ionization on the molecular composition of, and ionization fraction in, a protoplanetary disk surrounding a typical T Tauri star. We use a sophisticated physical model, which includes a robust treatment of the radiative transfer of UV and X-ray radiation, and calculate the time-dependent chemical structure using a comprehensive chemical network. In previous work, we approximated the photochemistry and X-ray ionization, here, we recalculate the photoreaction rates using the explicit UV wavelength spectrum and wavelength-dependent reaction cross sections. We recalculate the X-ray ionization rate using our explicit elemental composition and X-ray energy spectrum. We find photochemistry has a larger influence on the molecular composition than X-ray ionization. Observable molecules sensitive to the photorates include OH, HCO+, N2H+, H2O, CO2 and CH3OH. The only molecule significantly affected by the X-ray ionization is N2H+ indicating it is safe to adopt existing approximations of the X-ray ionization rate in typical T Tauri star-disk systems. The recalculation of the photorates increases the abundances of neutral molecules in the outer disk, highlighting the importance of taking into account the shape of the UV spectrum in protoplanetary disks. A recalculation of the photoreaction rates also affects the gas-phase chemistry due to the adjustment of the H/H2 and C+/C ratios. The disk ionization fraction is not significantly affected by the methods adopted to calculate the photochemistry and X-ray ionization. We determine there is a probable 'dead zone' where accretion is suppressed, present in a layer, Z/R
description: 21 pages, 11 figures, 6 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
QPO in RE J1034+396: model constraints from observed trends
Creators: name: Czerny, B.
name: Lachowicz, P.
name: Dovciak, M.
name: Karas, V.
name: Pechacek, T.
name: Das, Tapas K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the time variability of the X-ray emission of RE J1034+396, an active galactic nucleus with the first firm detection of a quasi-periodic oscillations (QPO). Based on the results of a wavelet analysis, we find a drift in the QPO central frequency. The change inthe QPO frequency correlates with the change in the X-ray flux with a short time delay. Linear structures such as shocks, spiral waves, orvery distant flares seem to be a favored explanation for this particular QPO event.
description: to appear in the proceedings to "The Central Kiloparsec in Galactic Nuclei (AHAR2011)", Journal of Physics: Conference Series (JPCS), IOP Publishing
Seasonal prediction of Indian summer monsoon onset with echo state networks
Creators: name: Mitsui, Takahito
name: Boers, Niklas
Publisher: name: Bristol : IOP Publ.
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: artificial neural network
subject: echo state network
subject: Indian Summer monsoon onset
subject: seasonal prediction
subject: 690

description: Although the prediction of the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) onset is of crucial importance for water-resource management and agricultural planning on the Indian sub-continent, the long-term predictability—especially at seasonal time scales—is little explored and remains challenging. We propose a method based on artificial neural networks that provides skilful long-term forecasts (beyond 3 months) of the ISM onset, although only trained on short and noisy data. It is shown that the meridional tropospheric temperature gradient in the boreal winter season already contains the signals needed for predicting the ISM onset in the subsequent summer season. Our study demonstrates that machine-learning-based approaches can be simultaneously helpful for both data-driven prediction and enhancing the process understanding of climate phenomena.
ARIADNEplus Vocabulary Mapping Strategy
Creators: name: Binding, Ceri
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Controlled vocabularies
Semantic Web
Information architecture

description: The ARIADNEplus project aggregated over 3.5 million metadata records describing archaeological sites. These records were converted and integrated to an RDF triple store using a data schema based on the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model (CRM), then exported to an OpenSearch index for use with the search portal UI. Search is via 3 major facets - place, time and subject. This presentation primarily concerns the subject integration work which involved 59 local vocabularies containing over 19,000 subject terms in 16 different languages. A vocabulary matching tool allowed each data provider to define correctly formatted mappings from their own local vocabularies to a central common 'spine' vocabulary (Getty Art & Architecture Thesaurus, AAT). Using the resultant mappings, the metadata records were enriched with AAT identifiers. The AAT poly-hierarchical structure was incorporated into the search system, facilitating both multilingual cross search and hierarchical subject expansion. This approach led to a noticeable improvement in both recall and precision.
Design of concentrically braced steel frames for earthquakes
Creators: name: Haddad, Madhar Ameel
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2004

description: Bibliography: p. 297-301.
description: The west coast and eastern zones of Canada are susceptible to earthquakes such as those that have happened in California. Braced frame construction is advantageous in reducing earthquake-induced displacements, but is susceptible to loss of ductility, currently attributed to brace behaviour. A numerical model has been developed that is capable of accurately simulating the hysteresis behaviour of bracing members. The factors that affect that behaviour can therefore be studied without conducting expensive experimental tests. The three-dimensional, nonlinear, elasto-plastic finite element model has been used to simulate the behaviour of hollow structural steel (HSS) tubes connected to gusset plates at their ends when subjected to reversed axial displacements. A combined orthotropic kinematic hardening material model was used. Four-node, finite membrane strain quadrilateral shell elements were used to model both the HSS and the gusset plate. Fixed boundary conditions were applied at the ends of the specimens with axial displacements imposed for each cycle. The model was able to simulate the hysteresis behaviour of previously tested bracing members (Shaback 2001) in terms of the peak loads and displacements, energy dissipation, fracture life and the degradation of both strength and stiffness. Based on the results of the parametric study carried out using the finite element model, a total of 10 concentric braces were tested in the structural engineering laboratory at the University of Calgary. The braces were designed according to the weak brace/strong gusset concept. The objectives of the experimental study were to quantify the effects of displacement history, gusset plate thickness, and effective slenderness ratio, on the energy dissipation capacity and fracture life of these braces. The results showed good agreement with findings from previous studies at this university. The finite element model was refined to include a damage accumulation model for low-cycle fatigue. The model provided new insight for analysis of load-displacement hysteresis curves. New fracture life and energy life equations are thus proposed, based on a better understanding of the important parameters influencing brace behaviour.
Review of searches for vector-like quarks, vector-like leptons, and heavy neutral leptons in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV at the CMS experiment
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The LHC has provided an unprecedented amount of proton-proton collision data, bringing forth exciting opportunities to address fundamental open questions in particle physics. These questions can potentially be answered by performing searches for very rare processes predicted by models that attempt to extend the standard model of particle physics. The data collected by the CMS experiment in 2015-2018 at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV can be used to test the standard model with high precision and potentially uncover evidence for new particles or interactions. An interesting possibility is the existence of new fermions with masses ranging from the MeV to the TeV scale. Such new particles appear in many possible extensions of the standard model and are well motivated theoretically. New fermions may explain the appearance of three generations of leptons and quarks, the mass hierarchy across the generations, and the nonzero neutrino masses. In this report, the results of searches targeting vector-like quarks, vector-like leptons, and heavy neutral leptons at the CMS experiment are summarized. The complementarity of current searches for each type of new fermion is discussed, and combinations of several searches for vector-like quarks are presented. The discovery potential for some of these searches at the High-Luminosity LHC is also discussed.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/EXO-23-006 (CMS Public Pages)