cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Discharge, Relaxation, and Charge Model for the Lithium Trivanadate Electrode: Reactions, Phase Change, and Transport
Creators: name: Brady, Nicholas William
name: Zhang, Qing
name: Knehr, K. W.
name: Liu, Ping
name: Marschilok, Amy C.
name: Takeuchi, Kenneth J.
name: Takeuchi, Esther S.
name: West, Alan C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Electrochemistry
subject: Nucleation
subject: Lithium ion batteries
subject: Chemical engineering
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering
subject: Electrical engineering

description: The electrochemical behavior of lithium trivanadate (LiV3O8) during lithiation, delithiation, and voltage recovery experiments is simulated using a crystal-scale model that accounts for solid-state diffusion, charge-transfer kinetics, and phase transformations. The kinetic expression for phase change was modeled using an approach inspired by the Avrami formulation for nucleation and growth. Numerical results indicate that the solid-state diffusion coefficient of lithium in LiV3O8 is ∼10−13 cm2 s−1 and the equilibrium compositions in the two phase region (∼2.5 V) are Li2.5V3O8:Li4V3O8. Agreement between the simulated and experimental results is excellent. Relative to the lithiation curves, the experimental delithiation curves show significantly less overpotential at low levels of lithiation (end of charge). Simulations are only able to capture this result by assuming that the solid-state mass-transfer resistance is less during delithiation. The proposed rationale for this difference is that the (100) face is inactive during lithiation, but active during delithiation. Finally, by assuming non-instantaneous phase-change kinetics, estimates are made for the overpotential due to imperfect phase change (supersaturation).
A statistical study of gaseous environment of Spitzer interstellar bubbles
Creators: name: Hou, L. G.
name: Gao, X. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The expansion of interstellar bubbles is suggested to be an important mechanism of triggering material accumulation and star formation. In this work, we study the gaseous environment of a large sample of bubbles, aiming to explore the possible evidence of triggered gas accumulation and star formation in a statistical sense. By cross-matching 6124 Spitzer bubbles from the Milky Way Project (MWP) and more than 2500 Galactic HII regions, we obtain the velocity information for 818 MWP bubbles. To study the gaseous environment of the interstellar bubbles and get rid of the projection effect as much as possible, we constrain the velocity difference between the bubbles and the 13CO(1-0) emission extracted from the Galactic Ring Survey (GRS). Three methods: the mean azimuthally averaged radial profile of 13CO emission, the surface number density of molecular clumps, and the angular cross-correlation function of MWP bubbles and the GRS molecular clumps are adopted. Significant over density of molecular gas is found to be close to the bubble rims. 60 percent of the studied bubbles were found to have associated molecular clumps. By comparing the clump-associated and the clump-unassociated MWP bubbles, we reveal that the bubbles in associations tend to be larger and thicker in physical sizes. We speculate that some of the bubble-associated clumps result from the expansion of bubbles. The fraction of the molecular clumps associated with the MWP bubbles is estimated to be about 20 percent after considering the projection effect. For the bubble-clump complexes, we found that the bubbles in the complexes with associated massive young stellar object(s) (MYSO(s)) have larger physical sizes, hence the complexes tend to be older. We propose that an evolutionary sequence might exist between the relative younger MYSO-unassociated bubble-clump complexes and the MYSO-associated complexes.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures and 3 tables, accepted for publication by MNRAS
Bifurcation analysis of the problem of a "rubber" ellipsoid of revolution rolling on a plane
Creators: name: Kilin, Alexander
name: Pivovarova, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37J60, 70E18, 70E40, 70E50

description: This paper is concerned with the problem of an ellipsoid of revolution rolling on a horizontal plane under the assumption that there is no slipping at the point of contact and no spinning about the vertical. A reduction of the equations of motion to a fixed level set of first integrals is performed. Permanent rotations corresponding to the rolling of an ellipsoid in a circle or in a straight line are found. A linear stability analysis of permanent rotations is carried out. A complete classification of possible trajectories of the reduced system is performed using a bifurcation analysis. A classification of the trajectories of the center of mass of the ellipsoid depending on parameter values and initial conditions is performed.
Additional file 1 of Prevalence of sexual harassment among young Spaniards before, during, and after the COVID-19 lockdown period in Spain
Creators: name: Casanovas, Laura Vall-Llosera
name: Serra, Laura
name: Canals, Carme Saurina
name: Sanz-Barbero, Belén
name: Vives-Cases, Carmen
name: López, Maria José
name: Otero-García, Laura
name: Pérez, Gloria
name: Renart-Vicens, Gemma
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Prevalence of SH according to the study covariates of the “Sexual Violence among Young People” survey administered to the Spanish population aged 18–35 years.
Theoretical Considerations for Improving the Pulse Power of a Battery through the Addition of a Second Electrochemically Active Material
Creators: name: Knehr, K. W.
name: West, Alan C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Electrodes--Design and construction
subject: Pulsed power systems
subject: Electrochemistry
subject: Lithium ion batteries
subject: Chemical engineering
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering
subject: Electrical engineering

description: Porous electrode theory is used to conduct case studies for when the addition of a second electrochemically active material can improve the pulse-power performance of an electrode. Case studies are conducted for the positive electrode of a sodium metal-halide battery and the graphite negative electrode of a lithium “rocking chair” battery. The replacement of a fraction of the nickel chloride capacity with iron chloride in a sodium metal-halide electrode and the replacement of a fraction of the graphite capacity with carbon black in a lithium-ion negative electrode were both predicted to increase the maximum pulse power by up to 40%. In general, whether or not a second electrochemically active material increases the pulse power depends on the relative importance of ohmic-to-charge transfer resistances within the porous structure, the capacity fraction of the second electrochemically active material, and the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of the two active materials.
Separation of timescales for the seed bank diffusion and its jump-diffusion limit
Creators: name: Blath, Jochen
name: Buzzoni, Eugenio
name: González Casanova, Adrián
name: Wilke Berenguer, Maite
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie
subject: strong seed bank
subject: two-island model
subject: separation of timescales
subject: diffusion limits
subject: jump-diffusion
subject: duality

description: We investigate scaling limits of the seed bank model when migration (to and from the seed bank) is ‘slow’ compared to reproduction. This is motivated by models for bacterial dormancy, where periods of dormancy can be orders of magnitude larger than reproductive times. Speeding up time, we encounter a separation of timescales phenomenon which leads to mathematically interesting observations, in particular providing a prototypical example where the scaling limit of a continuous diffusion will be a jump diffusion. For this situation, standard convergence results typically fail. While such a situation could in principle be attacked by the sophisticated analytical scheme of Kurtz (J Funct Anal 12:55–67, 1973), this will require significant technical efforts. Instead, in our situation, we are able to identify and explicitly characterise a well-defined limit via duality in a surprisingly non-technical way. Indeed, we show that moment duality is in a suitable sense stable under passage to the limit and allows a direct and intuitive identification of the limiting semi-group while at the same time providing a probabilistic interpretation of the model. We also obtain a general convergence strategy for continuous-time Markov chains in a separation of timescales regime, which is of independent interest.
Catalyzing the scale-up of community-based primary healthcare in a rural impoverished region of northern Ghana
Creators: name: Awoonor-Williams, John Koku
name: Phillips, James F.
name: Bawah, Ayaga A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Community health services
Primary health care
Rural health services
Public health
Health services administration
Medical care

description: Ghana’s Community-based Health Planning and Services (CHPS) initiative develops accessible healthcare with participatory community support, using strategies developed and tested by a project of the Navrongo Health Research Centre. In 1996, the project was expanded to a district-wide four-celled trial. In response to evidence that strategies could reduce fertility and childhood mortality, a replication project was launched to develop methods for scale-up. Based on experience gained, CHPS scale-up was launched in 2000. Although CHPS
now reaches all of Ghana’s districts, the pace of scale-up within districts has been slow. In response, the Ministry of Health conducted a review of factors that constrain CHPS scale-up and problems that detract from its original evidence-based design. To resolve problems that were identified, a project was launched in 2010 to test means of accelerating CHPS scale-up and expanding its range of care. Known as the Ghana Essential Health Interventions Program(GEHIP), the project provided catalytic revenue to four treatment district managers for 3 years, in conjunction with implementation of strategies for comprehensive leadership development and community partnership. Monitoring systems were developed to gauge CHPS coverage time trends in all nine study districts. GEHIP successfully accelerated CHPS implementation, producing 100% of its targeted community coverage within 5 years of implementation. Coverage in comparison districts also improved. However, the rate of coverage and percent of the population reached by CHPS in comparison districts was only half that of GEHIP districts. GEHIP success in completing CHPS coverage represents the initial stage of a national program for strengthening community health systems in Ghana.
The Application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to Improving Health Systems in the Upper East Region of Ghana
Creators: name: Asuo-Mante, Eric
name: Awoonor-Williams, John Koku
name: Yelifari, Lawrence
name: Boyer, Christopher
name: Schmitt, Margaret L.
name: Phillips, James F.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Rural health services
Health facilities
Geographic information systems
Public health
Epidemiology

description: Despite the increased use of Geographic Information System (GIS) for health research, the technology is least used in settings where evidence based decision-making is needed most: High mortality settings of Africa where resource constraints impede the provision of essential care. This paper reports on a case study of GIS application in the Upper East Region (UER), one of the poorest regions in Ghana.
Methods:
Ghana Health Service (GHS) workers were trained to use GPS handheld devices to gather waypoints (coordinates) of all health care facilities and amenities throughout the UER. The waypoints data were then exported to Excel spreadsheets and cleaned of all inconsistencies. The final data was imported into ArcMap 10.2.2 software for data manipulation, display, and analysis.
Results:
Preventive health issues portrayed by GIS visualization included a substandard access to potable water in one community and health facility deficiencies in the Binduri district. As examples of GIS morbidity surveillance, we map the temporal incidence of cholera in two districts, and evidence of a pattern in the seasonal outbreaks of cerebral spinal meningitis (CSM).
Conclusion:
Results attest to the feasibility of using GIS to clarify health issues in a severely health service deprived setting, enabling public health authorities to optimize system responses where mostly needed. GIS technology has enabled health officials in the region to visualize the geographic pattern of disease outbreaks in ways that permit the imposition of efficient containment strategies.
Double neutron spin resonances and gap anisotropy in underdoped superconducting NaFe0.985Co0.015As
Creators: name: Zhang, Chenglin
name: Yu, Rong
name: Su, Yixi
name: Song, Yu
name: Wang, Miaoyin
name: Tan, Guotai
name: Egami, Takeshi
name: Fernandez-Baca, J. A.
name: Faulhaber, Enrico
name: Si, Qimiao
name: Dai, Pengcheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use inelastic neutron scattering to show that superconductivity in electron-underdoped NaFe0.985Co0.015As induces a dispersive sharp resonance near Er1 = 3:25 meV and a broad dis- persionless mode at Er2 = 6 meV. However, similar measurements on overdoped superconducting NaFe0:955Co0:045As find only a single sharp resonance at Er = 7 meV. We connect these results with the observations of angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy that the superconducting gaps in the electron Fermi pockets are anisotropic in the underdoped material but become isotropic in the overdoped case. Our analysis indicates that both the double neutron spin resonances and gap anisotropy originate from the orbital dependence of the superconducting pairing in the iron pnic- tides. Our discovery also shows the importance of the inelastic neutron scattering in detecting the multiorbital superconducting gap structures of iron pnictides.
Simulating Floquet scrambling circuits on trapped-ion quantum computers
Creators: name: Seki, Kazuhiro
name: Kikuchi, Yuta
name: Hayata, Tomoya
name: Yunoki, Seiji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Complex quantum many-body dynamics spread initially localized quantum information across the entire system. Information scrambling refers to such a process, whose simulation is one of the promising applications of quantum computing. We demonstrate the Hayden-Preskill recovery protocol and the interferometric protocol for calculating out-of-time-ordered correlators to study the scrambling property of a one-dimensional kicked-Ising model on 20-qubit trapped-ion quantum processors. The simulated quantum circuits have a geometrically local structure that exhibits the ballistic growth of entanglement, resulting in the circuit depth being linear in the number of qubits for the entire state to be scrambled. We experimentally confirm the growth of signals in the Hayden-Preskill recovery protocol and the decay of out-of-time-ordered correlators at late times. As an application of the created scrambling circuits, we also experimentally demonstrate the calculation of the microcanonical expectation values of local operators adopting the idea of thermal pure quantum states. Our experiments are made possible by extensively utilizing one of the highest-fidelity quantum processors currently available and, thus, should be considered as a benchmark for the current status of the most advanced quantum computers.
description: 30 pages, 17 figures, accepted version
Chinchilla lanigera
Creators: name: Woods, Charles A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Chinchillidae
Chinchilla
Chinchilla lanigera

description: Chinchilla lanigera (Molina, 1782). Sagg. Stor. Nat. Chile, p. 301. TYPE LOCALITY: Chile, Coquimbo Prov., Coquimbo. DISTRIBUTION: N Chile, in foothills of the Andes and coastal mountains south to Coquimbo. STATUS: CITES - Appendix I (South American populations only); IUCN - Indeterminate; Almost extinct in the wild. SYNONYMS: chinchilla (Fischer, 1814), velligera.
description: Published as part of Charles A. Woods, 1993, Order Rodentia - Suborder Hystricognathi, pp. 771-806 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 777, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353083
Kinetic resolution of racemic benzofused alcohols catalysed by HMFO variants in presence of natural deep eutectic solvents
Creators: name: de Gonzalo, Gonzalo
name: Lončar, Nikola
name: Fraaije, Marco
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural oxidase (HMFO) has demonstrated to be a useful biocatalyst for the selective oxidation of alcohols employing oxygen as mild oxidant with no requirement of expensive organic cofactors. This wild-type HMFO biocatalyst and an engineered thermostable variant have been tested in the kinetic resolution of different benzofused alcohols. The use of natural deep eutectic solvents was also explored in HMFO-catalysed oxidation of alcohols. The oxidation of racemic 1-indanol showed a higher conversion and selectivity in presence of 60% v/v of different NADES, especially for those containing carbohydrates. By choosing properly the biocatalyst and the NADES, good enantioselectivity values can be obtained, demonstrating the advantages of employing these neoteric solvents in biocatalysed processes.
Additional file 1 of Internet of things-based home noninvasive ventilation in COPD patients with hypercapnic chronic respiratory failure: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Jiang, Weipeng
name: Song, Yuanlin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. (DOC 126 kb)
The Global Burden of Journal Peer Review in the Biomedical Literature: Strong Imbalance in the Collective Enterprise
Creators: name: Kovanis, Michail
name: Porcher, Raphaël
name: Ravaud, Philippe
name: Trinquart, Ludovic
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Peer review
Communication in science
Journalism, Medical
Medicine
Epidemiology

description: The growth in scientific production may threaten the capacity for the scientific community to handle the ever-increasing demand for peer review of scientific publications. There is little evidence regarding the sustainability of the peer-review system and how the scientific community copes with the burden it poses. We used mathematical modeling to estimate the overall quantitative annual demand for peer review and the supply in biomedical research. The modeling was informed by empirical data from various sources in the biomedical domain, including all articles indexed at MEDLINE. We found that for 2015, across a range of scenarios, the supply exceeded by 15% to 249% the demand for reviewers and reviews. However, 20% of the researchers performed 69% to 94% of the reviews. Among researchers actually contributing to peer review, 70% dedicated 1% or less of their research work-time to peer review while 5% dedicated 13% or more of it. An estimated 63.4 million hours were devoted to peer review in 2015, among which 18.9 million hours were provided by the top 5% contributing reviewers. Our results support that the system is sustainable in terms of volume but emphasizes a considerable imbalance in the distribution of the peer-review effort across the scientific community. Finally, various individual interactions between authors, editors and reviewers may reduce to some extent the number of reviewers who are available to editors at any point.
Rotating quantum states
Creators: name: Ambruş, Victor E.
name: Winstanley, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the definition of rotating thermal states for scalar and fermion fields in unbounded Minkowski space-time. For scalar fields such states are ill-defined everywhere, but for fermion fields an appropriate definition of the vacuum gives thermal states regular inside the speed-of-light surface. For a massless fermion field, we derive analytic expressions for the thermal expectation values of the fermion current and stress-energy tensor. These expressions may provide qualitative insights into the behaviour of thermal rotating states on more complex space-time geometries.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, expanded discussion and more plots included, version accepted for publication in Physics Letters B
Minimum Supersymmetric Standard Model on the Noncommutative Geometry
Creators: name: Ishihara, Satoshi
name: Kataoka, Hironobu
name: Matsukawa, Atsuko
name: Sato, Hikaru
name: Shimojo, Masafumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have obtained the supersymmetric extension of spectral triple which specify a noncommutative geometry(NCG). We assume that the functional space H constitutes of wave functions of matter fields and their superpartners included in the minimum supersymmetric standard model(MSSM). We introduce the internal fluctuations to the Dirac operator on the manifold as well as on the finite space by elements of the algebra A in the triple. So, we obtain not only the vector supermultiplets which meditate SU(3)xSU(2)xU(1)_Y gauge degrees of freedom but also Higgs supermultiplets which appear in MSSM on the same standpoint. Accoding to the supersymmetric version of the spectral action principle, we calculate the square of the fluctuated total Dirac operator and verify that the Seeley-DeWitt coeffients give the correct action of MSSM. We also verify that the relation between coupling constants of $SU(3)$,$SU(2)$ and $U(1)_Y$ is same as that of SU(5) unification theory.
Detection of Ultraviolet Halos around Highly Inclined Galaxies
Creators: name: Hodges-Kluck, Edmund
name: Bregman, Joel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of diffuse ultraviolet light around late-type galaxies out to 5-20 kpc from the midplane using Swift and GALEX images. The emission is consistent with the stellar outskirts in the early-type galaxies but not in the late-type galaxies, where the emission is quite blue and consistent with a reflection nebula powered by light escaping from the galaxy and scattering off dust in the halo. Our results agree with expectations from halo dust discovered in extinction by Menard et al. (2010) to within a few kpc of the disk and imply a comparable amount of hot and cold gas in galaxy halos (a few x 10^8 Msun within 20 kpc) if the dust resides primarily in Mg II absorbers. The results also highlight the potential of UV photometry to study individual galaxy halos.
description: Revised version, accepted by ApJ
Additional file 2 of Internet of things-based home noninvasive ventilation in COPD patients with hypercapnic chronic respiratory failure: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Jiang, Weipeng
name: Song, Yuanlin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. (DOCX 76 kb)
Lagidium Meyen 1833
Creators: name: Woods, Charles A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Chinchillidae
Lagidium

description: Lagidium Meyen, 1833. Nouv. Acta Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol., 16(2):576. TYPE SPECIES: Lagidium peruanum Meyen, 1833. COMMENTS: Revised by Osgood (1943:137). Viscaccia Oken, 1816 has precedence over Lagidium, but Lagidium was adopted in preference to Viscaccia by suspension of the Rules (Opinion 110, International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1929a). However, names from Oken's 1916 "Lehrbuch der Naturgeschichte" are non-Linnaean and not available (Hershkovitz, 19496:289) and neither an opinion nor suspension of the Rules was required for the recognition of Lagidium (Hershkovitz, 19496:296).
description: Published as part of Charles A. Woods, 1993, Order Rodentia - Suborder Hystricognathi, pp. 771-806 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 777, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353083
description: {"references": ["Osgood, W. H. 1943. The mammals of Chile. Field Museum of Natural History, Zoological Series, 30: 1 - 268.", "International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. 1929 a. Opinion 110. Suspension of Rules for Lagidium 1833. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, 73 (6): 415."]}
Variational study of polarons and bipolarons in a 1D Bose lattice gas in both superfluid and Mott regimes
Creators: name: Dutta, Shovan
name: Mueller, Erich J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use variational methods to study a spin impurity in a 1D Bose lattice gas. Both in the strongly interacting superfluid regime and the Mott regime we find that the impurity binds with a hole, forming a polaron. Our calculations for the dispersion of the polaron are consistent with recent experiments by Fukuhara et. al. [Nature Phys. 9, 235 (2013)] and give a better understanding of their numerical simulations. We find that for sufficiently weak interactions there are ranges of momentum for which the polaron is unstable. We propose experimentally studying the stability of the polaron by measuring the correlation between the impurity and holes. We also study two interacting impurities, finding stable bipolarons for sufficiently strong interactions.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures (13 subfigures)
VICAN: Very Efficient Calibration Algorithm for Large Camera Networks
Creators: name: Moreira, Gabriel
name: Marques, Manuel
name: Costeira, João Paulo
name: Hauptmann, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The precise estimation of camera poses within large camera networks is a foundational problem in computer vision and robotics, with broad applications spanning autonomous navigation, surveillance, and augmented reality. In this paper, we introduce a novel methodology that extends state-of-the-art Pose Graph Optimization (PGO) techniques. Departing from the conventional PGO paradigm, which primarily relies on camera-camera edges, our approach centers on the introduction of a dynamic element - any rigid object free to move in the scene - whose pose can be reliably inferred from a single image. Specifically, we consider the bipartite graph encompassing cameras, object poses evolving dynamically, and camera-object relative transformations at each time step. This shift not only offers a solution to the challenges encountered in directly estimating relative poses between cameras, particularly in adverse environments, but also leverages the inclusion of numerous object poses to ameliorate and integrate errors, resulting in accurate camera pose estimates. Though our framework retains compatibility with traditional PGO solvers, its efficacy benefits from a custom-tailored optimization scheme. To this end, we introduce an iterative primal-dual algorithm, capable of handling large graphs. Empirical benchmarks, conducted on a new dataset of simulated indoor environments, substantiate the efficacy and efficiency of our approach.
description: To appear at the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA), 2024
Collagen Fiber Orientation and Dispersion in the Upper Cervix of Non-Pregnant and Pregnant Women
Creators: name: Yao, Frank
name: Gan, Yu
name: Myers, Kristin M.
name: Vink, Joy-Sarah Yumiko
name: Wapner, Ronald J.
name: Hendon, Christine P.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cervix uteri
subject: Pregnancy--Physiological aspects
subject: Collagen
subject: Mechanical engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: Obstetrics
subject: Gynecology

description: The structural integrity of the cervix in pregnancy is necessary for carrying a pregnancy until term, and the organization of human cervical tissue collagen likely plays an important role in the tissue’s structural function. Collagen fibers in the cervical extracellular matrix exhibit preferential directionality, and this collagen network ultrastructure is hypothesized to reorient and remodel during cervical softening and dilation at time of parturition. Within the cervix, the upper half is substantially loaded during pregnancy and is where the premature funneling starts to happen. To characterize the cervical collagen ultrastructure for the upper half of the human cervix, we imaged whole axial tissue slices from non-pregnant and pregnant women undergoing hysterectomy or cesarean hysterectomy respectively using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and implemented a pixel-wise fiber orientation tracking method to measure the distribution of fiber orientation. The collagen fiber orientation maps show that there are two radial zones and the preferential fiber direction is circumferential in a dominant outer radial zone. The OCT data also reveal that there are two anatomic regions with distinct fiber orientation and dispersion properties. These regions are labeled: Region 1—the posterior and anterior quadrants in the outer radial zone and Region 2—the left and right quadrants in the outer radial zone and all quadrants in the inner radial zone. When comparing samples from nulliparous vs multiparous women, no differences in these fiber properties were noted. Pregnant tissue samples exhibit an overall higher fiber dispersion and more heterogeneous fiber properties within the sample than non-pregnant tissue. Collectively, these OCT data suggest that collagen fiber dispersion and directionality may play a role in cervical remodeling during pregnancy, where distinct remodeling properties exist according to anatomical quadrant.
Bilayer registry in a multicomponent asymmetric membrane : dependence on lipid composition and chain length
Creators: name: Polley, Anirban
name: Mayor, Satyajit
name: Rao, Madan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A question of considerable interest to cell membrane biology is whether phase segregated domains across an asymmetric bilayer are strongly correlated with each other and whether phase segregation in one leaflet can induce segregation in the other. We answer both these questions in the affirmative, using an atomistic molecular dynamics simulation to study the equilibrium statistical properties of a 3-component {\em asymmetric} lipid bilayer comprising an unsaturated POPC (palmitoyl-oleoyl-phosphatidyl-choline), a saturated SM (sphingomyelin) and cholesterol with different composition ratios. Our simulations are done by fixing the composition of the upper leaflet to be at the coexistence of the liquid ordered ($l_o$) - liquid disordered ($l_d$) phases, while the composition of the lower leaflet is varied from the phase coexistence regime to the mixed $l_d$ phase, across a first-order phase boundary. In the regime of phase coexistence in each leaflet, we find strong transbilayer correlations of the $l_o$ domains across the two leaflets, resulting in {\it bilayer registry}. This transbilayer correlation depends sensitively upon the chain length of the participating lipids and possibly other features of lipid chemistry, such as degree of saturation. We find that the $l_o$ domains in the upper leaflet can {\em induce} phase segregation in the lower leaflet, when the latter is nominally in the mixed ($l_d$) phase.
description: 6 figures
Socioeconomic Status and Poor Health Outcome at 10 Years of Follow-Up in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Creators: name: Shea, Steven J. C.
name: Lima, Joao
name: Diez-Roux, Ana
name: Jorgensen, Neal W.
name: McClelland, Robyn L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Social status
Health
Atherosclerosis
Public health
Epidemiology

description: Background/Objectives:

Predictors of healthy aging have not been well-studied using longitudinal data with demographic, clinical, subclinical, and genetic information. The objective was to identify predictors of poor health outcome at 10 years of follow-up in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).

Design:

Prospective cohort study.

Setting:

Population-based sample from 6 U.S. communities.

Participants:

4,355 participants In the MESA Study.

Measurements:

Poor health outcome at 10 years of follow-up was defined as having died or having clinical cardiovascular disease, depression, cognitive impairment, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or cancer other than non-melanoma skin cancer. Absolute risk regression was used to estimate risk differences in the outcome adjusting for demographic variables, clinical and behavioral risk factors, subclinical cardiovascular disease, and ApoE genotype. Models were weighted to account for selective attrition.

Results:

Mean age at 10 years of follow-up was 69.5 years; 1,480 participants had a poor health outcome, 2,157 participants were in good health, and 718 were unknown. Older age, smoking, not taking a statin, hypertension, diabetes, and higher coronary calcium score were associated with higher probability of poor health outcome. After multivariable adjustment, participants in the lowest income and educational categories had 7 to 14% greater absolute risk of poor health outcome at 10 years of follow-up compared to those in the next highest categories of income or education (P = 0.002 for both). Those in the lowest categories of both income and education had 21% greater absolute risk of poor health outcome compared to those in the highest categories of both income and education.

Conclusions:

Low income and educational level predict poor health outcome at 10 years of follow-up in an aging cohort, independent of clinical and behavioral risk factors and subclinical cardiovascular disease.
Lagidium peruanum Meyen 1833
Creators: name: Woods, Charles A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Chinchillidae
Lagidium
Lagidium peruanum

description: Lagidium peruanum Meyen, 1833. Nouv. Acta Acad. Caes. Leop.-Carol., 16(2):578. TYPE LOCALITY: Peru, Puno Dept., Pisacoma. DISTRIBUTION: C and S Peru. STATUS: Unknown. SYNONYMS: arequipe, inca, punensis, saturata, subrosea.
description: Published as part of Charles A. Woods, 1993, Order Rodentia - Suborder Hystricognathi, pp. 771-806 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 778, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353083
Evolution of Fitness Cost-Neutral Mutant PfCRT Conferring P. falciparum 4-Aminoquinoline Drug Resistance Is Accompanied by Altered Parasite Metabolism and Digestive Vacuole Physiology
Creators: name: Gabryszewski, Stanislaw J.
name: Dhingra, Satish Kumar
name: Combrinck, Jill M.
name: Lewis, Ian A.
name: Callaghan, Paul S.
name: Hassett, Matthew R.
name: Siriwardana, Amila
name: Henrich, Philipp P.
name: Lee, Andrew H.
name: Gnadig, Nina
name: Musset, Lise
name: Llinás, Manuel
name: Egan, Timothy J.
name: Roepe, Paul D.
name: Fidock, David Armand
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Drug resistance in microorganisms
subject: Chloroquine
subject: Drugs--Metabolism
subject: Plasmodium falciparum
subject: Pathology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Southeast Asia is an epicenter of multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum strains. Selective pressures on the subcontinent have recurrently produced several allelic variants of parasite drug resistance genes, including the P. falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter (pfcrt). Despite significant reductions in the deployment of the 4-aminoquinoline drug chloroquine (CQ), which selected for the mutant pfcrt alleles that halted CQ efficacy decades ago, the parasite pfcrt locus is continuously evolving. This is highlighted by the presence of a highly mutated allele, Cam734 pfcrt, which has acquired the singular ability to confer parasite CQ resistance without an associated fitness cost. Here, we used pfcrt-specific zinc-finger nucleases to genetically dissect this allele in the pathogenic setting of asexual blood-stage infection. Comparative analysis of drug resistance and growth profiles of recombinant parasites that express Cam734 or variants thereof, Dd2 (the most common Southeast Asian variant), or wild-type pfcrt, revealed previously unknown roles for PfCRT mutations in modulating parasite susceptibility to multiple antimalarial agents. These results were generated in the GC03 strain, used in multiple earlier pfcrt studies, and might differ in natural isolates harboring this allele. Results presented herein show that Cam734-mediated CQ resistance is dependent on the rare A144F mutation that has not been observed beyond Southeast Asia, and reveal distinct impacts of this and other Cam734-specific mutations on CQ resistance and parasite growth rates. Biochemical assays revealed a broad impact of mutant PfCRT isoforms on parasite metabolism, including nucleoside triphosphate levels, hemoglobin catabolism and disposition of heme, as well as digestive vacuole volume and pH. Results from our study provide new insights into the complex molecular basis and physiological impact of PfCRT-mediated antimalarial drug resistance, and inform ongoing efforts to characterize novel pfcrt alleles that can undermine the efficacy of first-line antimalarial drug regimens.
Additional file 1 of Characterising social contacts under COVID-19 control measures in Africa
Creators: name: Dobreva, Zlatina
name: Gimma, Amy
name: Rohan, Hana
name: Djoudalbaye, Benjamin
name: Tshangela, Akhona
name: Jarvis, Christopher I.
name: van Zandvoort, Kevin
name: Quaife, Matthew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Interview questions.
Lagidium viscacia
Creators: name: Woods, Charles A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Chinchillidae
Lagidium
Lagidium viscacia

description: Lagidium viscacia (Molina, 1782). Sagg. Stor. Nat. Chile, p. 307. TYPE LOCALITY: Chile, Santiago Prov., Cordillera de Santiago. DISTRIBUTION: W Argentina, S and W Bolivia, N Chile, S Peru. STATUS: Unknown. SYNONYMS: boxi, crassidens, criniger, cringerum, cuscus, cuvieri, famatinae, lockwoodi, lutescens, moreni, pallipes, sarae, tontalis, tucumanum, vulcnai.
description: Published as part of Charles A. Woods, 1993, Order Rodentia - Suborder Hystricognathi, pp. 771-806 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 778, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353083
Forecasting Influenza Outbreaks in Boroughs and Neighborhoods of New York City
Creators: name: Yang, Wan
name: Olson, Donald R.
name: Shaman, Jeffrey L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Influenza--Epidemiology
Network analysis (Planning)
Environmental health
Epidemiology

description: The ideal spatial scale, or granularity, at which infectious disease incidence should be monitored and forecast has been little explored. By identifying the optimal granularity for a given disease and host population, and matching surveillance and prediction efforts to this scale, response to emergent and recurrent outbreaks can be improved. Here we explore how granularity and representation of spatial structure affect influenza forecast accuracy within New York City. We develop network models at the borough and neighborhood levels, and use them in conjunction with surveillance data and a data assimilation method to forecast influenza activity. These forecasts are compared to an alternate system that predicts influenza for each borough or neighborhood in isolation. At the borough scale, influenza epidemics are highly synchronous despite substantial differences in intensity, and inclusion of network connectivity among boroughs generally improves forecast accuracy. At the neighborhood scale, we observe much greater spatial heterogeneity among influenza outbreaks including substantial differences in local outbreak timing and structure; however, inclusion of the network model structure generally degrades forecast accuracy. One notable exception is that local outbreak onset, particularly when signal is modest, is better predicted with the network model. These findings suggest that observation and forecast at sub-municipal scales within New York City provides richer, more discriminant information on influenza incidence, particularly at the neighborhood scale where greater heterogeneity exists, and that the spatial spread of influenza among localities can be forecast.
Additional file 2 of Characterising social contacts under COVID-19 control measures in Africa
Creators: name: Dobreva, Zlatina
name: Gimma, Amy
name: Rohan, Hana
name: Djoudalbaye, Benjamin
name: Tshangela, Akhona
name: Jarvis, Christopher I.
name: van Zandvoort, Kevin
name: Quaife, Matthew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Survey 2 Respondent Descriptives. Table S2. Population age structure. Table S3. Percentage female and rural population. Table S4. Mean, median, standard deviation, interquartile range (IQR) contacts in both surveys. Table S5. Permutation test results by main respondent characteristic and survey wave. Table S6. Oxford Stringency Index for surveys 1 and 2. Table S7. Percentage of people who agreed to participate out of total people called.
Lagidium wolffsohni
Creators: name: Woods, Charles A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Chinchillidae
Lagidium
Lagidium wolffsohni

description: Lagidium wolffsohni (Thomas, 1907). Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, 19:440. TYPE LOCALITY: Argentina, Santa Cruz, Baguales and Vizcachas Mtns (50°50’ S, 72°20' W). DISTRIBUTION: SW Argentina and adjacent Chile. STATUS: Common.
description: Published as part of Charles A. Woods, 1993, Order Rodentia - Suborder Hystricognathi, pp. 771-806 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 778, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353083
Closed Superstring Amplitudes, Single-Valued Multiple Zeta Values and Deligne Associator
Creators: name: Stieberger, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We revisit the tree-level closed superstring amplitude and identify its alpha'-expansion as series with single-valued multiple zeta values as coefficients. The latter represent a subclass of multiple zeta values originating from single-valued multiple polylogarithms at unity. Moreover, the alpha'-expansion of the closed superstring amplitude can be cast into the same algebraic form as the open superstring amplitude: the closed superstring amplitude essentially is the single-valued version of the open superstring amplitude. This fact points into a deeper connection between gauge and gravity amplitudes than what is implied by Kawai-Lewellen-Tye relations. Furthermore, we argue, that the Deligne associator carries the relevant information on the closed superstring amplitude. In particular, we give an explicit representation of the Deligne associator in terms of Gamma functions modulo squares of commutators of the underlying Lie algebra. This form of the associator can be interpreted as the four-point closed superstring amplitude.
description: 21 pages, harvmac; v2: slightly improved version with Section 2 extended from Eq. (2.17) and an additional Eq. (4.26) in Section 4
Geometric superfluid weight of composite bands in multiorbital superconductors
Creators: name: Jiang, Guodong
name: Barlas, Yafis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The superfluid weight of an isolated flat band in multi-orbital superconductors contains contributions from the band's quantum metric and a lattice geometric term that depends on the orbital positions in the lattice. Since the superfluid weight is a measure of the superconductor's energy fluctuation, it is independent of the lattice geometry, leading to the minimal quantum metric of a band [Phys. Rev. B 106, 014518 (2022)]. Here, a perturbation approach is developed to study the superfluid weight and its lattice geometric dependence for composite bands. When all orbitals exhibit uniform pairing, the quantum geometric term contains each band's contribution and an inter-band contribution between every pair of bands in the composite. Based on a band representation analysis, they provide a topological lower bound for the superfluid weight of an isolated composite of flat bands. Using this perturbation approach, an analytical expression of the lattice geometric contribution is obtained. It is expressed in terms of Bloch functions, providing a convenient formula to calculate the superfluid weight for multi-orbital superconductors.
D8.2 Sol-Rec2 IPR protection strategy and data management plan
Creators: name: Consortium
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This report describes the IP management strategy and DMP for SOL-REC2, defining intellectual property rights (IPR) and communication strategies. In addition, it captures the consortium’s agreement on the data mangament strategies and the technology and/or process that will be protected in respect to the IP management and strategy.