cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Development and validation of a trans-ancestry polygenic risk score for type 2 diabetes in diverse populations
Creators: name: Ge, Tian
name: Irvin, Marguerite R.
name: Patki, Amit
name: Srinivasasainagendra, Vinodh
name: Lin, Yen-Feng
name: Tiwari, Hemant K.
name: Armstrong, Nicole D.
name: Benoit, Barbara
name: Chen, Chia-Yen
name: Choi, Karmel W.
name: Cimino, James J.
name: Davis, Brittney H.
name: Dikilitas, Ozan
name: Etheridge, Bethany
name: Feng, Yen-Chen Anne
name: Gainer, Vivian
name: Huang, Hailiang
name: Jarvik, Gail P.
name: Kachulis, Christopher
name: Kenny, Eimear E.
name: Khan, Atlas
name: Kiryluk, Krzysztof
name: Kottyan, Leah
name: Kullo, Iftikhar J.
name: Lange, Christoph
name: Lennon, Niall
name: Leong, Aaron
name: Malolepsza, Edyta
name: Miles, Ayme D.
name: Murphy, Shawn
name: Namjou, Bahram
name: Narayan, Renuka
name: O’Connor, Mark J.
name: Pacheco, Jennifer A.
name: Perez, Emma
name: Rasmussen-Torvik, Laura J.
name: Rosenthal, Elisabeth A.
name: Schaid, Daniel
name: Stamou, Maria
name: Udler, Miriam S.
name: Wei, Wei-Qi
name: Weiss, Scott T.
name: Ng, Maggie C. Y.
name: Smoller, Jordan W.
name: Lebo, Matthew S.
name: Meigs, James B.
name: Limdi, Nita A.
name: Karlson, Elizabeth W.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional File 1: Supplementary Figures S1-S5.
Examining Bullying, Harassment, and Horizontal Violence (BHHV) in Student Nurses
Creators: Geller, Nicole
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Nursing students
subject: Nurses--Social conditions
subject: Mental health
subject: Bullying
subject: Psychometrics

description: Bullying, harassment, and horizontal violence (BHHV) is commonly reported by student nurses during their clinical education. Despite decades of mention in the literature, no instrument is available to specifically measure the student nurse's experience of BHHV during clinical education. Purpose: The purpose of this dissertation is to examine the experience of BHHV in a population of student nurses matriculating during their clinical education in New York. The experience of BHHV is measured with the BEHAVE Survey, the instrument developed and tested for this purpose. Methods: This dissertation is presented in three manuscripts: (1) a comprehensive review of the literature using The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Statement as the methodological guide, (2) the initial psychometric testing of BEHAVE (Bulling, harassment, and HorizontAl ViolencE) for validity and reliability at a university-based school of nursing in New York, and (3) a descriptive, quantitative survey of baccalaureate nursing students at a university-based school of nursing in New York completed as a field test of the BEHAVE. Results: Despite variations in methodology, measurement, terms, definitions, and coding of behaviors and sources of BHHV, the findings of this literature review indicate that student nurses are common targets of BHHV during clinical education, regardless of demographic characteristics, disability, sexual orientation, geography location, academic institution or program type. Psychometric testing indicated: scale-level content validity index among experts 0.89, r = 0.97, a Cronbach's á 0.94, and percent agreement 93% in test-retest reliability. BEHAVE was administered to a total of 32 participants (96.7% participation rate). Approximately 72% reporting current experienced or observed BHHV with 46.8% (36/77) of incidents originated from a nurse. Conclusions: The evidence from both the literature and this field trial suggests that BHHV is a common experience among nursing students. This is significant because student nurses are vulnerable to BHHV and studies including students have been limited to date. Therefore, it behooves the research community to continue to explore the impact of BHHV on the student nurse's socialization into the professional nursing role. Further knowledge may inform targeted interventions to reduce BHHV and improve the ability of nursing students to minimize the impact of BHHV should it occur.
DEVELOPMENT OF A MONITORING SYSTEM FOR THE JOGMEC/NRCAN/AURORA MALLIK GAS HYDRATE PRODUCTION TEST PROGRAM
Creators: name: Fujii, Kasumi
name: Yasuda, Masato
name: Cho, Brian
name: Ikegami, Toru
name: Sugiyama, Hitoshi
name: Imasato, Yutaka
name: Dallimore, Scott R.
name: Wright, J. Frederick
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: Design and construction of long term gas hydrate production facilities will require assessment of the in situ formation response to production at a field scale. Key parameters such as temperature and pressure are critical for the determination of phase conditions, others such as formation resistivity, formation acoustic properties and fluid mobility support the inference of gas hydrate saturation, permeability and porosity. An ability to continuously monitor the response of these parameters during the course of a production test would facilitate tracking of the dissociation front and yield valuable information for engineering design and verification of numerical reservoir simulators. Such a monitoring system has been designed, developed and introduced as a part of the Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corporation and Natural Resources Canada gas hydrate production testing program carried out in the winter of 2007 in the Mackenzie Delta, Canada. While the deployment of some sensors and the acquisition of some data sets were limited due to operational problems encountered during the field program, considerable experience has been gained during all phases of the research program. In particular, the acquisition and interpretation of downhole temperature profiles and changes in formation electrical potentials during testing provide insight into the production response of the reservoir and may assist in the understanding of operational conditions and related decision-making processes.
Ontology, Ontologies, and Science
Creators: name: Merrill, Gary H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Philosophers frequently struggle with the relation of metaphysics to the everyday world, with its practical value, and with its relation to empirical science. This paper distinguishes several different models of the relation between philosophical ontology and applied (scientific) ontology that have been advanced in the history of philosophy. Adoption of a strong participation model for the philosophical ontologist in science is urged, and requirements and consequences of the participation model are explored. This approach provides both a principled view and justification of the role of the philosophical ontologist in contemporary empirical science as well as guidelines for integrating philosophers and philosophical contributions into the practice of science.
Additional file 1 of Association of thromboelastography profile with severity of liver cirrhosis and portal venous system thrombosis
Creators: name: He, Yanglan
name: Yuan, Shanshan
name: Guo, Xiaozhong
name: Yi, Fangfang
name: Xu, Xiangbo
name: An, Yang
name: Xu, Shixue
name: Ageno, Walter
name: Qi, Xingshun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Hypercoagulability and hypocoagulability indicated by TEG parameters.
title: Luzula luzuloides
title: Weißliche Hainsimse (Luzula luzuloides)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 7 Bilder der Weißlichen Hainsimse.
Instrumental genesis of students’ comparison strategies in a digital environment of dynamic Geometry
Creators: name: BALOMENOU, ATHANASIA
name: KOMIS, VASSILIS
name: ZACHAROS, KONSTANTINOS
Publisher: name: Educational Journal of the University of Patras UNESCO Chair
Year: 2019
Subjects: Instrumental genesis, Cabri-Geometry II, comparison, secondary school

description: This paper reports on how a different learning approach in the context of digital environment of dynamic Geometry contributes to the construction of a variety of comparison strategies by students, according to the theory of instrumental genesis. We explore how the tool is shaping students’ actions and simultaneously how students shape the tool by attributing to it new uses. In our experiment participated 48 pupils (13-14 years old). From the qualitative analysis of the data comes that the students have dynamically exploited the tools of the educational software Cabri-Geometry II and approached the comparison of lengths in many different ways, most of them unusual for school practice.
description: Educational Journal of the University of Patras UNESCO Chair, Vol. 6, N. 1 (2019) - Colloque SIEST Méditerranée, Patras 2019
Transmutations between Singular and Subsingular Vectors of the N=2 Superconformal Algebras
Creators: name: Doerrzapf, Matthias
name: Gato-Rivera, Beatriz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present subsingular vectors of the N=2 superconformal algebras other than the ones which become singular in chiral Verma modules, reported recently by Gato-Rivera and Rosado. We show that two large classes of singular vectors of the Topological algebra become subsingular vectors of the Antiperiodic NS algebra under the topological untwistings. These classes consist of BRST- invariant singular vectors with relative charges $q=-2,-1$ and zero conformal weight, and no-label singular vectors with $q=0,-1$. In turn the resulting NS subsingular vectors are transformed by the spectral flows into subsingular and singular vectors of the Periodic R algebra. We write down these singular and subsingular vectors starting from the topological singular vectors at levels 1 and 2.
description: 21 pages, Latex. Minor improvements. Very similar to the version published in Nucl. Phys. B
Étude de la dynamique d’une séance d’automatique en licence appliquée de génie électrique
Creators: name: MEJRI, NEILA
name: BEN KILANI, CHIRAZ
Publisher: name: Educational Journal of the University of Patras UNESCO Chair
Year: 2019
Subjects: Teaching practice, JATD, automatic, game descriptors

description: This work presents an analysis within the theory of joint action in didactics (JATD) of the practice of an experienced university teacher, according to an empirical device aiming at the construction of knowledge in technology allowing the characterization of its dynamics during the session. We note that the knowledge dynamics of the observed session occur in a mesogenesis rich in "introduction of a new object" into a cognitivist approach and a mixed topogenesis.
description: Educational Journal of the University of Patras UNESCO Chair, Vol. 6, N. 1 (2019) - Colloque SIEST Méditerranée, Patras 2019
Most probable path of an active Brownian particle
Creators: name: Yasuda, Kento
name: Ishimoto, Kenta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we investigate the transition path of a free active Brownian particle (ABP) on a two-dimensional plane between two given states. The extremum conditions for the most probable path connecting the two states are derived using the Onsager--Machlup integral and its variational principle. We provide explicit solutions to these extremum conditions and demonstrate their nonuniqueness through an analogy with the pendulum equation indicating possible multiple paths. The pendulum analogy is also employed to characterize the shape of the globally most probable path obtained by explicitly calculating the path probability for multiple solutions. We comprehensively examine a translation process of an ABP to the front as a prototypical example. Interestingly, the numerical and theoretical analyses reveal that the shape of the most probable path changes from an I to a U shape and to the $\ell$ shape with an increase in the transition process time. The Langevin simulation also confirms this shape transition. We also discuss further method applications for evaluating a transition path in rare events in active matter.
Phase transitions in swarm optimization algorithms
Creators: name: Vantuch, Tomáš
name: Zelinka, Ivan
name: Adamatzky, Andrew
name: Marwan, Norbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Natural systems often exhibit chaotic behavior in their space-time evolution. Systems transiting between chaos and order manifest a potential to compute, as shown with cellular automata and artificial neural networks. We demonstrate that swarms optimisation algorithms also exhibit transitions from chaos, analogous to motion of gas molecules, when particles explore solution space disorderly, to order, when particles follow a leader, similar to molecules propagating along diffusion gradients in liquid solutions of reagents. We analyse these `phase-like' transitions in swarm optimization algorithms using recurrence quantification analysis and Lempel-Ziv complexity estimation. We demonstrate that converging and non-converging iterations of the optimization algorithms are statistically different in a view of applied chaos, complexity and predictability estimating indicators.
title: Luzula sylvatica
title: Wald-Hainsimse (Luzula sylvatica)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 9 Bilder der Wald-Hainsimse.
Examining Dehumanization Through the "Political Brain Perspective": Towards a Minimal Neuropolitical Theory for Hyperdiverse Societies
Creators: Yu, Liya
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Social psychology
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Multiculturalism

description: What cognitive conditions need to be in place in order for cooperation, and potentially, solidarity, to exist in hyperdiverse societies? What aspects of our social human brain are indispensible when it comes to achieving shared goals in divided liberal democracies? This dissertation singles out the dehumanized perception and categorization of out-groups as one of the most decisive disruptors of political cooperation. I develop an interdisciplinary model – the “Political Brain Perspective” (PBP) – that combines political theory, political science and social neuroscience insights to advance my argument about dehumanization in both domestic and International political contexts. I argue that dehumanized perception at the brain level is politically troublesome because it disables an important social brain function called mentalizing, which is foundational for both basic political transactions and more complex feelings such as empathy. I show how this is relevant in regard to the neuropolitical duties public representatives owe to their constituents in a diverse liberal democracy, and further, how various liberal traditions such as social contract, multiculturalism and human rights theories have hitherto ignored dehumanization as a fundamental disruptor to any political cooperative process. At the international level, I examine the potential for dehumanization within civilizational discourses in history, with a particular focus on the post-Cold War distinction between “civilized” and “barbarians”. I show that in the international context of genocide, intergroup conflict and identity politics, dehumanizing categories not only diminish the cognitive reasoning and mentalizing abilities of the dehumanizer, but also have an intense impact on the dehumanized, in the form of reciprocal dehumanization and retributive violence. Based on the epistemological premises of the PBP, I contend that a minimal neuropolitical theory of cooperation ought not to prioritize an ontological concept of human dignity but instead treat the ascription of humanness as an interpersonal brain mechanism. The brain data, in other words, can only tell us what our brains do when engaging in politics, not who we are as political beings in an essentialist way. In sum, this dissertation highlights the need for political scientists to pay attention to the neuronal mechanisms underlying dehumanization, and to distinguish it from other forms of exclusion and prejudice as a fundamental brain ability in its own right.
title: Luzula lutea
title: Gelbe Hainsimse (Luzula lutea)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 9 Bilder der Gelben Hainsimse.
New perspectives on the BOSS small-scale lensing discrepancy for the Planck $Λ$CDM Cosmology
Creators: name: Lange, Johannes U.
name: Yang, Xiaohu
name: Guo, Hong
name: Luo, Wentao
name: Bosch, Frank C. van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the abundance, small-scale clustering and galaxy-galaxy lensing signal of galaxies in the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS). To this end, we present new measurements of the redshift and stellar mass dependence of the lensing properties of the galaxy sample. We analyse to what extent models assuming the Planck18 cosmology fit to the number density and clustering can accurately predict the small-scale lensing signal. In qualitative agreement with previous BOSS studies at redshift $z \sim 0.5$ and with results from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, we find that the expected signal at small scales ($0.1 < r_{\rm p} < 3 \, h^{-1} \mathrm{Mpc}$) is higher by $\sim 25\%$ than what is measured. Here, we show that this result is persistent over the redshift range $0.1 < z < 0.7$ and for galaxies of different stellar masses. If interpreted as evidence for cosmological parameters different from the Planck CMB findings, our results imply $S_8 = σ_8 \sqrt{Ω_{\rm m} / 0.3} = 0.744 \pm 0.015$, whereas $S_8 = 0.832 \pm 0.013$ for Planck18. However, in addition to being in tension with CMB results, such a change in cosmology alone does not accurately predict the lensing amplitude at larger scales. Instead, other often neglected systematics like baryonic feedback or assembly bias are likely contributing to the small-scale lensing discrepancy. We show that either effect alone, though, is unlikely to completely resolve the tension. Ultimately, a combination of the two effects in combination with a moderate change in cosmological parameters might be needed.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures, submitted to MNRAS, comments welcome
Homogeneous Coordinates and Quotient Presentations for Toric Varieties
Creators: name: A'Campo-Neuen, A.
name: Hausen, J.
name: Schroeer, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14M25, 14C20, 14L30, 14L32

description: Generalizing cones over projective toric varieties, we present arbitrary toric varieties as quotients of quasiaffine toric varieties. Such quotient presentations correspond to groups of Weil divisors generating the topology. Groups comprising Cartier divisors define free quotients, whereas $\QQ$-Cartier divisors define geometric quotients. Each quotient presentation yields homogeneous coordinates. Using homogeneous coordinates, we express quasicoherent sheaves in terms of multigraded modules and describe the set of morphisms into a toric variety.
description: minor changes, to appear in Math. Nachr., 13 pages, 2 figures
Relative Grain Boundary Energies from Triple Junction Geometry: Limitations to Assuming the Herring Condition in Nanocrystalline Thin Films
Creators: name: Patrick, Matthew J.
name: Rohrer, Gregory S.
name: Chirayutthanasak, Ooraphan
name: Ratanaphan, Sutach
name: Homer, Eric R.
name: Hart, Gus L. W.
name: Epshteyn, Yekaterina
name: Barmak, Katayun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Grain boundary character distributions (GBCD) are routinely measured from bulk microcrystalline samples by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and serial sectioning can be used to reconstruct relative grain boundary energy distributions (GBED) based on the 3D geometry of triple lines, assuming that the Herring condition of force balance is satisfied. These GBEDs correlate to those predicted from molecular dynamics (MD); furthermore, the GBCD and GBED are found to be inversely correlated. For nanocrystalline thin films, orientation mapping via precession enhanced electron diffraction (PED) has proven effective in measuring the GBCD, but the GBED has not been extracted. Here, the established relative energy extraction technique is adapted to PED data from four sputter deposited samples: a 40 nm-thick tungsten film and a 100 nm aluminum film as-deposited, after 30 and after 150 minutes annealing at 400°C. These films have columnar grain structures, so serial sectioning is not required to determine boundary inclination. Excepting the most energetically anisotropic and highest population boundaries, i.e. aluminum Σ3 boundaries, the relative GBED extracted from these data do not correlate with energies calculated using MD nor do they inversely correlate with the experimentally determined GBCD for either the tungsten or aluminum films. Failure to reproduce predicted energetic trends implies that the conventional Herring equation cannot be applied to determine relative GBEDs and thus geometries at triple junctions in these films are not well described by this condition; additional geometric factors must contribute to determining triple junction geometry and boundary network structure in spatially constrained, polycrystalline materials.
description: The document contains the manuscript, figure captions, and a short supplemental document with further details
Physics for the environment and sustainable development
Creators: name: Kurths, Jürgen
name: Agarwal, Ankit
name: Öztürk, Ugur
name: Sharma, Shubham
name: Marwan, Norbert
name: Eroglu, Deniz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A reliable understanding of the Earth system is essential for the life quality of modern society. Natural hazards are the cause of most life and resource losses. The ability to define the conditions for a sustainable development of humankind, to keep the Earth system within the boundaries of habitable states, or to predict critical transitions and events in the dynamics of the Earth system are crucial to mitigate and adapt to Earth system related events and changes (e.g., volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, climate change) and to avert the disastrous consequences of natural hazards. In this chapter, we discuss key concepts from nonlinear physics and show that they enable us to treat challenging problems of Earth sciences which cannot be solved by classic methods. In particular, the concepts of multi-scaling, recurrence, synchronization, and complex networks have become crucial in the very last decades for a substantially more profound understanding of the dynamics of earthquakes, landslides, or (palaeo-)climate. They can even provide a significantly improved prediction of several high-impact extreme events. Additionally, crucial open challenges in the realm of methodological nature and applications to Earth sciences are given.
Additional file 1 of A three-stage, deep learning, ensemble approach for prognosis in patients with Parkinson’s disease
Creators: name: Leung, Kevin H.
name: Rowe, Steven P.
name: Pomper, Martin G.
name: Du, Yong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplemental methods.
Additional file 1: of Real-world treatment patterns and adverse events in metastatic renal cell carcinoma from a large US claims database
Creators: name: Sumanta Pal
name: Gong, Jun
name: Mhatre, Shivani
name: Shih-Wen Lin
name: Surinach, Andy
name: Ogale, Sarika
name: Vohra, Rini
name: Wallen, Herschel
name: George, Daniel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Table S1. Listing of AEs included for analysis, with ICD-9/ICD-10-CM codes. Table S2. Baseline characteristics by TK inhibitor type. Table S3. Baseline characteristics by VEGF inhibitor type. Table S4. Baseline characteristics by mTOR inhibitor type. (DOCX 71 kb)
title: Luzula nivea
title: Schneeweiße Hainsimse (Luzula nivea)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 5 Bilder der Schneeweißen Hainsimse.
title: Luzula campestris
title: Feld-Hainsimse (Luzula campestris)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 9 Bilder der Feld-Hainsimse.
title: On the information obtainable from comparative judgments
Creators: name: Bürkner, Paul-Christian
Publisher: name: Universität Stuttgart
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 620

description: Personality tests employing comparative judgments have been proposed as an alternative to Likert-type rating scales. One of the main advantages of a comparative format is that it can reduce faking of responses in high-stakes situations. However, previous research has shown that it is highly difficult to obtain trait score estimates that are both faking resistant and sufficiently accurate for individual-level diagnostic decisions. With the goal of contributing to a solution, I study the information obtainable from comparative judgments analyzed by means of Thurstonian IRT models. First, I extend the mathematical theory of ordinal comparative judgments and corresponding models. Second, I provide optimal test designs for Thurstonian IRT models that maximize the accuracy of people’s trait score estimates from both frequentist and Bayesian statistical perspectives. Third, I derive analytic upper bounds for the accuracy of these trait estimates achievable through ordinal Thurstonian IRT models. Fourth, I perform numerical experiments that complement results obtained in earlier simulation studies. The combined analytical and numerical results suggest that it is indeed possible to design personality tests using comparative judgments that yield trait scores estimates sufficiently accurate for individual-level diagnostic decisions, while reducing faking in high-stakes situations. Recommendations for the practical application of comparative judgments for the measurement of personality, specifically in high-stakes situations, are given.
Additional file 1 of Orthotic treatment of idiopathic toe walking with a lower leg orthosis with circular subtalar blocking
Creators: name: Berger, N.
name: Bauer, M.
name: Hapfelmeier, A.
name: Salzmann, M.
name: Prodinger, P. M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Efficient Learning of Accurate Surrogates for Simulations of Complex Systems
Creators: name: Diaw, A.
name: McKerns, M.
name: Sagert, I.
name: Stanton, L. G.
name: Murillo, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Machine learning methods are increasingly used to build computationally inexpensive surrogates for complex physical models. The predictive capability of these surrogates suffers when data are noisy, sparse, or time-dependent. As we are interested in finding a surrogate that provides valid predictions of any potential future model evaluations, we introduce an online learning method empowered by optimizer-driven sampling. The method has two advantages over current approaches. First, it ensures that all turning points on the model response surface are included in the training data. Second, after any new model evaluations, surrogates are tested and "retrained" (updated) if the "score" drops below a validity threshold. Tests on benchmark functions reveal that optimizer-directed sampling generally outperforms traditional sampling methods in terms of accuracy around local extrema, even when the scoring metric favors overall accuracy. We apply our method to simulations of nuclear matter to demonstrate that highly accurate surrogates for the nuclear equation of state can be reliably auto-generated from expensive calculations using a few model evaluations.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Nature Machine Intelligence
title: Luzula sudetica
title: Sudeten-Hainsimse (Luzula sudetica)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 5 Bilder der Sudeten-Hainsimse.
A new approach to the word and conjugacy problems in the braid groups
Creators: name: Birman, Joan S.
name: Ko, K. H.
name: Lee, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F36, 20F10, 57Mxx Journal-Advances in Mathematics (to appear)

description: A new presentation of the $n$-string braid group $B_n$ is studied. Using it, a new solution to the word problem in $B_n$ is obtained which retains most of the desirable features of the Garside-Thurston solution, and at the same time makes possible certain computational improvements. We also give a related solution to the conjugacy problem, but the improvements in its complexity are not clear at this writing.
description: This updated version of "A new approach to the word problem in the braid groups" contains a new section on the conjugacy problem. 31 pages
Mutual braiding and the band presentation of braid groups
Creators: name: Morton, H. R.
name: Rampichini, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M25

description: This paper is concerned with detecting when a closed braid and its axis are 'mutually braided' in the sense of Rudolph. It deals with closed braids which are fibred links, the simplest case being closed braids which present the unknot. The geometric condition for mutual braiding refers to the existence of a close control on the way in which the whole family of fibre surfaces meet the family of discs spanning the braid axis. We show how such a braid can be presented naturally as a word in the `band generators' of the braid group discussed by Birman, Ko and Lee in their recent account of the band presentation of the braid groups. In this context we are able to convert the conditions for mutual braiding into the existence of a suitable sequence of band relations and other moves on the braid word, and derive a combinatorial method for deciding whether a braid is mutually braided.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures. To appear in the proceedings of 'Knots in Hellas 98'
Exploring the Energy Sources Powering the Light Curve of the Type Ibn Supernova PS15dpn and the Mass-Loss History of the SN Progenitor
Creators: name: Wang, Shan-Qin
name: Li, Long
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: PS15dpn is a luminous rapidly rising Type Ibn supernova (SN) discovered by Pan-STARRS1 (PS1). Previous study showed that its bolometric light curve (LC) cannot be explained by the $^{56}$Ni model. In this paper, we used the $^{56}$Ni model, the magnetar model, the circumstellar interaction (CSI) model, and the CSI plus $^{56}$Ni model to fit the bolometric LC of PS15dpn. We found that the $^{56}$Ni model can fit the bolometric LC but the parameters are unrealistic, and that the magnetar model, the CSI model, and the CSI plus $^{56}$Ni model can match the data with reasonable parameters. Considering the facts that the emission lines indicative of the interaction between the ejecta and the CSM have been confirmed, and that the SNe produced by the explosions of massive stars can synthesize moderate amount of $^{56}$Ni, we suggest that the CSI plus $^{56}$Ni model is the most promising. Assuming that the CSM is a shell (wind), the masses of the ejecta, the CSM, and the $^{56}$Ni are $15.79_{-4.77}^{+5.44}$ M$_\odot$ ($14.18_{-1.64}^{+1.81}$ M$_\odot$), $0.84_{-0.10}^{+0.13}$ M$_\odot$ ($0.88_{-0.12}^{+0.11}$ M$_\odot$), and $0.32_{-0.11}^{+0.11}$ M$_\odot$ ($0.16_{-0.08}^{+0.13}$ M$_\odot$), respectively. The inferred ejecta masses are consistent with the scenario that the progenitors of SNe Ibn are massive Wolf-Rayet stars. Adopting the shell CSM scenario, the shell might be expelled by an eruption of the progenitor just $\sim$ 17$-$167 days prior to the SN explosion; for the wind scenario, the inferred mass-loss rate of the wind is $\sim 8.0$ M$_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$, indicating that the wind is a "super-wind" having extreme high mass-loss rate.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
Cosmological Simulation of Galaxy Groups and Clusters-II: Studying Different Modes of Feedback through X-ray Observations
Creators: name: Chowdhury, Rudrani Kar
name: Chatterjee, Suchetana
name: Paul, Ankit
name: Sarazin, Craig L.
name: Dai, Jane Lixin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The impact of feedback from Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) on the cosmological evolution of the large scale structure is a long studied problem. However, it is still not well understood how the feedback energy couples to the ambient medium to influence the properties of AGN host galaxies and dark matter halos. In this work we investigate different modes of AGN feedback and their effect on the surrounding medium by probing the diffuse X-ray emission from the hot gas inside galaxy groups and clusters. For this purpose, we use the cosmological hydrodynamic simulation SIMBA to theoretically calculate the X-ray emission from simulated galaxy clusters/groups with the help of the Astrophysical Plasma Emission Code (APEC). We also perform synthetic observations of these systems with the Chandra X-ray telescope using the ray-tracing simulator Model of AXAF Response to X-rays (MARX). Our results show that in addition to the radiative wind mode of feedback from the AGN, jet and X-ray mode of feedback play significant roles in suppressing the X-ray emission from the diffuse gas in the vicinity of the black hole. Our mock observational maps suggest that the signatures of AGN feedback from the high redshift objects may not be detected with the instrumental resolution of current X-ray telescopes like Chandra, but provide promising prospect for detection of these features with potential X-ray missions such as Lynx.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Additional file 1 of Involvement of the VEGF signaling pathway in immunosuppression and hypoxia stress: analysis of mRNA expression in lymphocytes mediating panting in Jersey cattle under heat stress
Creators: name: Wang, Jian
name: Xiang, Yang
name: Jiang, Shisong
name: Li, Hongchang
name: Caviezel, Flurin
name: Katawatin, Suporn
name: Duangjinda, Monchai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. The 16 genes enriched at GO and KEGG related to immunosuppression, oxidative stress, and endocrine disorder in lymphocytes under heat stress.
title: A three-dimensional homogenization approach for effective heat transport in thin porous media
Creators: name: Scholz, Lena
name: Bringedal, Carina
Publisher: name: Universität Stuttgart
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 624

description: Heat transport through a porous medium depends on the local pore geometry and on the heat conductivities of the solid and the saturating fluid. Through upscaling using formal homogenization, the local pore geometry can be accounted for to derive effective heat conductivities to be used at the Darcy scale. We here consider thin porous media, where not only the local pore geometry plays a role for determining the effective heat conductivity, but also the boundary conditions applied at the top and the bottom of the porous medium. Assuming scale separation and using two-scale asymptotic expansions, we derive cell problems determining the effective heat conductivity, which incorporates also the effect of the boundary conditions. Through solving the cell problems, we show how the local grain shape, and in particular its surface area at the top and bottom boundary, affects the effective heat conductivity through the thin porous medium.
On the effect of pruning on the singularity structure of zeta functions
Creators: name: Dahlqvist, Per
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the topological zeta function for unimodal maps in general and dynamical zeta functions for the tent map in particular. For the generic situation, when the kneading sequence is aperiodic, it is shown that the zeta functions have a natural boundary along its radius of convergence, beyond which the function lacks analytic continuation. We make a detailed study of the function $\prod_{n=0}^{\infty}(1-z^{2^n})$ associated with sequences of period doublings. It is demonstrated that this function has a dense set of poles and zeros on the unit circle, exhibiting a rich number theoretical structure.
description: 12 pages LaTeX
ScionFL: Efficient and Robust Secure Quantized Aggregation
Creators: name: Ben-Itzhak, Yaniv
name: Möllering, Helen
name: Pinkas, Benny
name: Schneider, Thomas
name: Suresh, Ajith
name: Tkachenko, Oleksandr
name: Vargaftik, Shay
name: Weinert, Christian
name: Yalame, Hossein
name: Yanai, Avishay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Secure aggregation is commonly used in federated learning (FL) to alleviate privacy concerns related to the central aggregator seeing all parameter updates in the clear. Unfortunately, most existing secure aggregation schemes ignore two critical orthogonal research directions that aim to (i) significantly reduce client-server communication and (ii) mitigate the impact of malicious clients. However, both of these additional properties are essential to facilitate cross-device FL with thousands or even millions of (mobile) participants.
 In this paper, we unite both research directions by introducing ScionFL, the first secure aggregation framework for FL that operates efficiently on quantized inputs and simultaneously provides robustness against malicious clients. Our framework leverages (novel) multi-party computation (MPC) techniques and supports multiple linear (1-bit) quantization schemes, including ones that utilize the randomized Hadamard transform and Kashin's representation.
 Our theoretical results are supported by extensive evaluations. We show that with no overhead for clients and moderate overhead for the server compared to transferring and processing quantized updates in plaintext, we obtain comparable accuracy for standard FL benchmarks. Moreover, we demonstrate the robustness of our framework against state-of-the-art poisoning attacks.
description: Published in 2024 IEEE Conference on Secure and Trustworthy Machine Learning (SaTML)
Climate adaptation of millet and sorghum varieties in North-Eastern Senegal: cross-referencing rainfall, thermal and phenological parameters
Creators: name: Sall, Awa Amadou
name: Faye, Elhadji
name: Guillemin, Pierre
name: Konté, Oumar
name: Saqalli, Mehdi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Millet (Pennisetum glaucum) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) are the main rainfed cereals grown in North-Eastern Senegal. However, faced with constraints such as falling rainfall, rising temperatures and frequent dry spells, their production is tending to decline. This article examines the climatic constraints and other shocks suffered by rainfed millet varieties Souna__3, ICTP 8203, GB 8735, Gawane and Chakti, as well as those as sorghum CE__180-33, Payenne and Golob{é}, which are the main varieties released and currently grown in north-eastern Senegal. Based on data collected in Podor, Matam and Lingu{è}re, the article analyses the adaptation of different millet and sorghum varieties to climatic condition and their evolution over time The results show a rainfall deficit since the early 1970s, combined by greater thermal constraints. Analysis of the differences between cumulative rainfall and maximum evapotranspiration for varieties at different growth stages reveals constant water deficits for Souna__3 millet and CE 180-33 sorghum. In contrast, Chakti millet shows positive water balances in over 80% of years in the east and west of the study area, and in 47% of cases in the north. Only Chakti and ICTP 8203 are adapted to the climatic conditions of the eastern and western zones, with a probability of suitability of over 80% for the periods 1931-1969 and 1999-2020. However, none of the varieties is adapted to the climatic conditions in the north. In addition to these climatic constraints, the interviewed farmers attribute the decline in agricultural production to livestock straying, attacks by bird pests and parasitic infestations. exacerbate agricultural losses. It is therefore essential to develop complementary strategies including wider dissemination of varieties better adapted to current climatic conditions, such as Chakti and ICTP 8203, and the strengthening of crop protection systems, notably through biological control and integrated pest management.
description: in French language
Using AI to Help in the Semantic Lexical Database to Evaluate Ideas
Creators: name: Barrios, Pedro Chávez
name: Monticolo, Davy
name: Sidhom, Sahbi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Inside a challenge of ideas there are several phases in a Creative Support System (CSS), they are problem analysis, ideation, evaluation, and implementation. Our problem: we need a full semantic lexical database SLD in an oral (voice) and writing way to help stakeholders to create ideas, these ideas contain nouns, verbs, adverbs, adjectives in the English, Spanish, and French languages. We utilize a Cloud Service Provider to use a service of Artificial Intelligence (AI), also we prepare nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs files in order to create the service text to voice and create our SLD with voice. This paper presents, first, an introduction about some contests that use a semantic lexical database in different languages; second, a SLD management approach using analysis of texts; third, a management application approach to complete all the new elements; fourth, the results of the management application approach, finally the conclusions and future work.
Inhibition enhances the coherence in the Jacobi neuronal model
Creators: name: D'Onofrio, Giuseppe
name: Lansky, Petr
name: Tamborrino, Massimiliano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 62P10, 62P35,

description: The output signal is examined for the Jacobi neuronal model which is characterized by input-dependent multiplicative noise. The dependence of the noise on the rate of inhibition turns out to be of primary importance to observe maxima both in the output firing rate and in the diffusion coefficient of the spike count and, simultaneously, a minimum in the coefficient of variation (Fano factor). Moreover, we observe that an increment of the rate of inhibition can increase the degree of coherence computed from the power spectrum. This means that inhibition can enhance the coherence and thus the information transmission between the input and the output in this neuronal model. Finally, we stress that the firing rate, the coefficient of variation and the diffusion coefficient of the spike count cannot be used as the only indicator of coherence resonance without considering the power spectrum.
Monotone Riemannian Metrics and Relative Entropy on Non-Commutative Probability Spaces
Creators: name: Lesniewski, Andrew
name: Ruskai, Mary Beth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47D45 (primary) 94A17, 82B10, 53B20 (Secondary)

description: We use the relative modular operator to define a generalized relative entropy for any convex operator function g on the positive real line satisfying g(1) = 0. We show that these convex operator functions can be partitioned into convex subsets each of which defines a unique symmetrized relative entropy, a unique family (parameterized by density matrices) of continuous monotone Riemannian metrics, a unique geodesic distance on the space of density matrices, and a unique monotone operator function satisfying certain symmetry and normalization conditions. We describe these objects explicitly in several important special cases, including the familiar logarithmic relative entropy. The relative entropies, Riemannian metrics, and geodesic distances obtained by our procedure all contract under completely positive, trace-preserving maps. We then define and study the maximal contraction associated with these quantities.
description: 33 pages. Connections to Quantum Information Theory